bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long noncoding RNA HAS2‐AS1 promotes tumor progression in glioblastoma via functioning as a competing endogenous RNA
Authors: Zhang Liqun , Wang Hong , Xu Meijie , Chen Fangyu , Li Wenkui , Hu Haotian , Yuan Quan , Su Yue , Liu Xiaoxuan , Wuri Jimusi , Yan Tao 
Published: August 2019

AbstractGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a refractory tumor with poor prognosis and requires more effective treatment regimens. It has been confirmed that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) substantially regulate various human disease including GBM. However, the biological roles and its underlying molecular mechanisms still need to be further investigated. In this study, the biological function and potential molecular mechanism of lncHAS2‐AS1 in GBM were explored. It was discovered that HAS2‐AS1 was elevated in glioma tissues and correlated with the prognosis of patients with glioma. Reduction of HAS2‐AS1 suppressed the migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo. The transcription factor STAT1 could raise HAS2‐AS1 by binding to its promoter region. Besides, HAS2‐AS1 could adjust PRPS1 via sponging miR‐608 in a direct manner. On the whole, the results of this study evidence that HAS2‐AS1 is an oncogene and a potential therapeutic target for GBM.
Protein kinase C‐α upregulates sodium channel Nav1.9 in nociceptive dorsal root ganglion neurons in an inflammatory arthritis pain model of rat
Authors: Bai Qian , Shao Jinping , Cao Jing , Ren Xiuhua , Cai Weihua , Su Songxue , George Sanjeeth , Tan Zhiyong , Zang Weidong , Dong Tieli 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPrevious studies have found that increased expression of Nav1.9 and protein kinase C (PKC) contributes to pain hypersensitivity in a couple of inflammatory pain models. Here we want to observe if PKC can regulate the expression of Nav1.9 in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pain model. A chronic knee joint inflammation model was produced by intra‐articular injection of the complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) in rats. Nociceptive behaviors including mechanical, cold, and heat hyperalgesia were examined. The expression of Nav1.9 and PKCα in DRG was detected by a quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and immunofluorescence. The in vitro and in vivo effects of a PKC activator (phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate [PMA]) and a PKC inhibitor (GF‐109203X) on the expression of Nav1.9 were examined. Moreover, the effects of PKC modulators on nociceptive behaviors were studied. Increased mechanical, heat, and cold sensitivity was observed 3 to 14 days after CFA injection. Parallel increases in messenger RNA and protein expression of Nav1.9 and PKCα were found. Immunofluorescence experiments found that Nav1.9 was preferentially colocalized with IB4+DRG neurons in RA rats. In cultured DRG neurons, PMA increased Nav1.9 expression while GF‐109203X prevented the effect of PMA. PMA increased Nav1.9 expression in naïve rats while GF‐109203X decreased Nav1.9 expression in RA rats. In naïve rats, PMA caused mechanical and cold hyperalgesia. On the other hand, GF‐109203X attenuated mechanical and cold hyperalgesia in RA‐pain model. Nav1.9 might be upregulated by PKCα in DRG, which contributes to pain hypersensitivity in CFA‐induced chronic knee joint inflammation model of RA pain.
Nanoclay montmorillonite as an adsorbent for CO2 capture: Experimental and modeling
Authors: Khajeh Mojtaba , Ghaemi Ahad 
Published: August 2019

AbstractToday, the tendency to use mineral adsorbents has increased due to its low cost for removal of the flue gas of fossil‐fuel power plants. In this research, the optimization of the CO2 adsorption process using the sodium‐montmorillonite adsorbent was investigated. The response surface methodology (RSM), combined with central composite design, was used to assess the effects of process variables and their interaction on the response (CO2 adsorption capacity) to achieve the optimal conditions. According to the analysis of variance, temperature and pressure parameters are the variables that affect the CO2 adsorption capacity. Moreover, one semi‐empirical correlation was established to calculate the optimum operating conditions of the CO2 adsorption process. The optimal variables of the process obtained from numerical optimization are 25°C and 9 bar for temperature and pressure, respectively. Based on the optimal conditions, the adsorption capacity of 100.67 mg/g was achieved. Furthermore, additional experiments were performed to examine the isotherm, kinetic, and thermodynamic models of absorption. Kinetic studies showed that adsorption was in accordance with the second‐order reaction. Equilibrium data were analyzed using Langmuir, Freundlich, Hill, and D‐R isotherm models at different temperatures. The D‐R isotherm provides the best description for the adsorption experimental data.
New organic‐pillared zincophosphate and interpenetrating‐layered zinc coordination polymer: Crystal growth on tarbuttite‐like sheets with surface‐active carboxylic acid groups
Authors: Hung Ling‐I , Yi Hsiang‐Yi , Shih Yu‐Chieh , Chen Pei‐Lin , Wang Sue‐Lein 
Published: August 2019

AbstractFor the first time, crystal growth of two novel distinct structures is observed to emerge from parent tarbuttite‐like zincophosphate sheets, which feature uncoordinated carboxylic acid (─COOH) groups protruding on the surface. A prior study revealed that the ─COOH groups could be modified through mechanochemical reaction to alter the wettability of bulk solid. In this study, the modification of ─COOH groups via amidation in solutions was conducted to tune the wettability to more hydrophobic. A further study in the reactivity of the zincophosphate toward various organic amines resulted in crystal growth of two novel compounds, thereby, a 2D coordination polymer with parallel interpenetrating square lattice (sql) topology and a 3D framework of organopillared zincophosphate were discovered. Intriguing structure transformation involved disassembling and assembling of not only commonly seen molecular units but also zincophosphate polyhedra and clusters: in the former case from rare 5‐coordinate zinc to 4‐coordinate zinc, and in the latter case from original positively charged tarbuttite‐like ZnPO sheets to amine‐pillared neutral sheets composed of unique edge‐sharing Zn2N2O4(H2O)2 dimers.
miR‐140‐5p is negatively correlated with proliferation, invasion, and tumorigenesis in malignant melanoma by targeting SOX4 via the Wnt/β‐catenin and NF‐κB cascades
Authors: Zhao Ge , Yin Yakun , Zhao Bin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been validated as critical regulators in the development of melanoma. miR‐140 was abnormally downregulated in uveal melanoma samples. However, the expression level and roles of miR‐140‐5p remain unclear in melanoma for now. We speculate that miR‐140‐5p is abnormally expressed and may play an important role in melanoma. The expressions of miR‐140‐5p and SOX4 messenger RNA were determined by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction assays. Western blot assays were employed to detect the expression levels of SOX4, Ki67, MMP‐2, MMP‐7, p‐β‐catenin, c‐Myc, cyclin D1, p65, and IκBα. Luciferase reporter assays were employed to elucidate the interaction between SOX4 and miR‐140‐5p. MTT (3‐(4,5‐dimethyl‐2‐thiazolyl)‐2,5‐diphenyl‐2H‐tetrazolium bromide) and transwell invasion assays were applied to evaluate capabilities of cell proliferation and invasion, respectively. Xenograft models of melanoma were established to verify the role and molecular basis of miR‐140‐5p. Immunohistochemical (IHC) assays were employed to measure the Ki67 and SOX4 at the protein level in xenografted melanoma tissues. Herein, these observations showed that, miR‐140‐5p was abnormally downregulated in melanoma tissues and cells, while SOX4 was upregulated. miR‐140‐5p directly targeted SOX4 and inhibited its expression in melanoma cells. miR‐140‐5p overexpression repressed melanoma cell proliferation and invasion and its effects were partially restored SOX4 overexpression. Moreover, miR‐140‐5p hindered melanoma growth in vivo by downregulating SOX4. Mechanistically, miR‐140‐5p suppressed activation of the Wnt/β‐catenin and NF‐κB pathways by targeting SOX4. Our study concluded that miR‐140‐5p hindered cell proliferation, invasion, and tumorigenesis by targeting SOX4 via inactivation of the Wnt/β‐catenin and NF‐κB signaling pathways in malignant melanoma, which provides an underlying molecular mechanism for the treatment for melanoma with miRNAs.
Associations between severe co‐morbidity and muscle measures in advanced non‐small cell lung cancer patients
Authors: Grønberg Bjørn H. , Valan Christine Damgaard , Halvorsen Tarje , Sjøblom Bjørg , Jordhøy Marit S. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundStudies show that low skeletal muscle index (SMI) and low skeletal muscle density (SMD) are negative prognostic factors and associated with more toxicity from systemic therapy in cancer patients. However, muscle depletion can be caused by a range of diseases, and many cancer patients have significant co‐morbidity. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there were associations between co‐morbidity and muscle measures in patients with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer.MethodsPatients in a Phase III trial comparing two chemotherapy regimens in advanced non‐small cell lung cancer were analysed (n = 436). Co‐morbidity was assessed using the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale for Geriatrics (CIRS‐G), which rates co‐morbidity from 0 to 4 on 14 different organ scales. Severe co‐morbidity was defined as having any grades 3 and 4 CIRS‐G score. Muscle measures were assessed from baseline computed tomography slides at the L3 level using the SliceOMatic software.ResultsComplete data were available for 263 patients (60%). Median age was 66, 57.0% were men, 78.7% had performance status 0–1, 25.9% Stage IIIB, 11.4% appetite loss, 92.4% were current/former smokers, 22.8% were underweight, 43.7% had normal weight, 26.6% were overweight, and 6.8% obese. The median total CIRS‐G score was 7 (range: 0–16), and 48.2% had severe co‐morbidity. Mean SMI was 44.7 cm2/m2 (range: 27–71), and the mean SMD was 37.3 Hounsfield units (HU) (range: 16–60). When comparing patients with and without severe co‐morbidity, there were no significant differences in median SMI (44.5 vs. 44.1 cm2/m2; 0.70), but patients with severe co‐morbidity had a significantly lower median SMD (36 HU vs. 39 HU; 0.001), mainly due to a significant difference in SMD between those with severe heart disease and those without (32.5 vs. 37.9 HU; 0.002). Linear regression analyses confirmed the association between severe co‐morbidity and SMD both in the simple analysis (0.001) and the multiple analysis (0.037) adjusting for baseline characteristics. Stage of disease, gender, and body mass index (BMI) were significantly associated with SMI in both the simple and multiple analyses. Age and BMI were significantly associated with SMD in the simple analysis; and age, gender, and BMI were significantly associated in the multiple analysis.ConclusionsThere were no significant differences in SMI between patients with and patients without severe co‐morbidity, but patients with severe co‐morbidity had lower SMD than other patients, mainly due to severe heart disease. Co‐morbidity might be a confounder in studies of the clinical role of SMD in cancer patients.
Family communication following a diagnosis of myotonic dystrophy: To tell or not to tell?
Authors: Taylor Shelby , Rodrigues Miriam , Poke Gemma , Wake Samantha , McEwen Alison 
Published: August 2019

AbstractFamily communication about genetic information enables informed medical and reproductive decision–making. The literature suggests that a significant proportion of genetically at‐risk family members remain uninformed about genetic risk information as a result of non‐disclosure. This study explored the experiences of New Zealand families communicating about a diagnosis of type 1 myotonic dystrophy (DM1). Eligible individuals were identified and recruited from the New Zealand (NZ) MD Prev study, a nationwide study which aimed to determine the prevalence, impact, and costs of genetic muscle disorders across the lifespan. Twelve qualitative semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 17 participants. The findings demonstrate diversity among and within families, with several distinct family narratives described. Most participants reported a motivation to tell relatives about their diagnosis to promote autonomy. Women were pivotal throughout communication processes and this was often tied to the concept of maternal responsibility and a desire to promote relatives’ reproductive autonomy. The diagnosis of DM1 and the subsequent family communication decisions altered relationships for many, with both positive and negative impacts described. The findings demonstrate that individuals require time to explore the impact of a diagnosis of DM1 on self, family and intimate partner relationships to anticipate unique communication challenges. Genetic counselors can use these findings to inform their approach to counseling families with DM1. Longitudinal genetic counseling may be beneficial as a way to provide individuals with life stage specific support as they communicate with their relatives about a diagnosis of DM1.
Sequence of same‐day upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopy does not affect total procedure' time or medication use: A randomized trial
Authors: Hammami Muhammad B , Reddy Kavya M , Pandit Pratik , Chahla Elie J , Koro Nabeel , Schuelke Matthew J , Hachem Christine 
Published: August 2019

Background and AimSame‐day double upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopy is frequently performed due to overlapping indications. However, it is unclear whether an upper–lower (U‐L) or lower–upper (L‐U) sequence is optimal. We analyzed the effect of sequence on total procedure time and sedation use.MethodsA total of 100 patients scheduled for same‐day double endoscopy were randomized to the U‐L or L‐U sequence arm. Primary outcomes, mean total procedure time, and sedative dosages were compared using a t‐test. We also explored associations of the primary outcomes with patient‐related and procedure‐related factors.ResultsComparing U‐L and L‐U sequences, mean total procedure time was 41.9 (16.2) versus 43.0 (14.5) min (P = 0.73), diphenhydramine dose 5.5 (15.4) versus 4.5 (14.0) mg (P = 0.74), fentanyl dose 71.5 (119.3) versus 77.6 (164.02) μg (P = 0.83), midazolam dose 1.6 (2.5) versus 1.4 (2.7) mg (P = 0.69), and propofol dose 437.4 (351.4) versus 444.5 (256.0) mg (P = 0.91), respectively. Total procedure and upper endoscopy times were significantly longer with trainee presence (P = 0.0002) and shorter with conscious sedation (P = 0.003). Upper endoscopy time was longer with higher body mass index (P = 0.001), and lower endoscopy time was longer in patients with cirrhosis or chronic kidney disease (P = 0.002 and 0.009, respectively). Time between procedures was significantly longer in the L‐U sequence (7.4 [2.9] vs 5.3 [1.1] min, [P < 0.001]). The study had 80% power to detect an 8 min difference in total procedure time.ConclusionsThe sequence of same‐day double gastrointestinal endoscopy does not affect total procedure time or medication use. Longer total procedure and upper endoscopy times were associated with trainee presence and use of conscious sedation.
Histogram analysis of diffusion kurtosis imaging based on whole‐volume images of breast lesions
Authors: Li Ting , Hong Yuan , Kong Dexing , Li Kangan 
Published: August 2019

BackgroundBreast diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) is a novel MRI technique to assess breast cancer but the effectivity still remains to be improved.PurposeTo investigate the performance of whole‐volume histogram parameters derived from a DKI model for differentiating benign and malignant breast lesions.Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationIn all, 120 patients with breast lesions (62 malignant, 58 benign).SequenceDKI sequence with seven b‐values (0, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, and 3000 s/mm2) and DWI sequence with two b‐values (0 and 1000 s/mm2) on 3.0T MRI.AssessmentHistogram parameters of the DKI model (K and D) and the DWI model (ADC), including the minimum, maximum, mean, percentile values (25th, 50th, 75th, and 95th), standard deviation, kurtosis and skewness, were calculated by two radiologists for the whole lesion volume.Statistical TestsStudent's t‐test was used to compare malignant and benign lesions. The diagnostic performances were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.ResultsKmax, Dmin, and ADCmin had the highest area under the curve (AUC) (0.875, 0.830, and 0.847, respectively), sensitivity (85.5%, 74.2%, and 77.4%, respectively), and accuracy (85.0%, 79.2%, and 81.7%, respectively) in their individual histogram parameter groups, and Kmax was found to outperform Dmin and ADCmin. ADC histogram parameters (from ADCmin to ADCsd) were significantly lower than D histogram parameters in all groups.Data ConclusionKmax, Dmin, and ADCmin were found to be better metrics than the corresponding average values for differentiating benign from malignant tumors. Histogram parameters derived from the DKI model provided more information and had better diagnostic performance than ADC parameters derived from the DWI model.Level of Evidence: 3Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:627–634.
Does traditional asian vegetables (ulam) consumption correlate with brain activity using fMRI? A study among aging adults from low‐income households
Authors: You Yee Xing , Shahar Suzana , Mohamad Mazlyfarina , Yahya Hanis Mastura , Haron Hasnah , Abdul Hamid Hamzaini 
Published: August 2019

BackgroundWorking memory and cognitive flexibility are supported by the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Aging adults from low‐income households are individuals with a high risk of cognitive decline who incorporate ulam in their daily diet.PurposeTo examine relationship between ulam consumption and the working memory and cognitive flexibility among aging adults from low‐income households who are more susceptible to cognitive decline.Study TypeCross‐sectional.Population/SubjectsThirty‐two aging adults (45–75 years old).Field Strength/SequenceTask‐based fMRI, 3.0T, T1‐weighted anatomical images, T2*‐weighted imaging data.AssessmentThe dietary and ulam consumption were assessed using the respective validated Dietary History and semiquantitative Food Frequency questionnaires. Working memory and cognitive flexibility were evaluated by using neuropsychological batteries (ie, mini‐mental state examination [MMSE], Digit Span, and Rey auditory verbal learning test [RAVLT]) and task‐based fMRI (N‐back and Stroop Color Word Test [SCWT]). Brodmann's areas 9 and 46 were the regions of interest (ROIs) of DLPFC activation.Statistical TestsMultiple linear regression used to understand the relationship between ulam consumption and the working memory and cognitive flexibility, while analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to compare the difference of working memory and cognitive flexibility among four percentiles of ulam consumption, after age, gender, and education years adjustments. Significance was decided by two‐sided, P < 0.0042 and P < 0.05.ResultsThe multiple linear regression revealed that ulam consumption was positively associated with the Digit Span (R2 = 0.51, β = 0.702, P < 0.001), right DLPFC activation (1‐back) (R2 = 0.34, β = 0.591, P = 0.001), left DLPFC activation (SCWT‐1) (R2 = 0.33, β = 0.553, P = 0.002), and left DLPFC activation (SCWT‐2) (R2 = 0.34, β = 0.497, P = 0.004). The ulam consumption at the 75th and 100th percentile from the ANCOVA analysis had shown a better working memory and cognitive flexibility as compared with those of the 25th and 50th percentiles (P < 0.05).Data ConclusionThis study found that high ulam consumption was related to a high intensity of brain activation in DLPFC; however, the elucidation of the neuroprotective properties of ulam have yet to be established from clinical trial studies.Level of Evidence: 2Technical Efficacy: Stage 4J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:1142–1153.
Citric acid extraction—An underestimated method in forest nutrition?
Authors: Fäth Julian , Mellert Karl , Blum Uwe , Göttlein Axel 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSince recent studies reveal citric acid to be favorable for estimating plant‐available P in soils, we investigated if it can also be used for assessing other nutrients. According to our results, it provides stronger correlations with the tree nutrition for Mg (beech, spruce), Ca+K (beech) and Fe (spruce) than the standard methods for determining exchangeable cations. Thus, when estimating plant‐available P by citric acid‐extraction, these cations should be additionally measured in ICP analysis.
Comparative metabolites profiling of harvested papaya (Carica papaya L.) peel in response to chilling stress
Authors: Wu Qixian , Li Zhiwei , Chen Xi , Yun Ze , Li Taotao , Jiang Yueming 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDPapaya, as one of the most important tropical fruits in the world, is easily subjected to chilling injury (CI). Research on the effect of chilling temperature storage on the metabolic changes of papaya peel is limited.RESULTSChilling temperature (4 °C) inhibited fruit ripening and induced CI on papaya fruit. Additionally, low temperature altered the concentrations of 45 primary metabolites and 52 aroma volatile compounds in the papaya peel. Papaya fruit stored at different temperatures could be separated using partial least squares‐discriminant analysis (PLS‐DA) with primary metabolites and volatile compounds as variables. In total, 18 primary metabolites and 22 volatiles with variable importance in projection (VIP) score higher than one might be considered as potential markers in papaya peel in response to chilling stress. Metabolites related to aroma, such as organic acid, amino acids, hexanal, carbonic acid, pentadecyl propyl ester and methyl geranate, caryophyllene accounted for major part of the metabolism changes of papaya peel and contributed a lot in response to cold stress.CONCLUSIONThis study added new insights regarding effect of chilling stress on metabolites in papaya peel. Some important metabolites might be indicator for chilling stress and detection of these metabolites will guide us to regulate the storage temperature to avoid chilling and to prolong storage of papaya fruit. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry