bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MoS2/Cu/TiO2 nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization and effect on photocatalytic decomposition of methylene blue in water under visible light
Authors: de los Santos Desireé M. , Chahid Sara , Alcántara Rodrigo , Navas Javier , Aguilar Teresa , Gallardo Juan Jesús , Gómez-Villarejo Roberto , Carrillo-Berdugo Iván , Fernández-Lorenzo Concha 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Photodegradation processes are of great interest in a range of applications, one of which is the photodecomposition of pollutants. For this reason, analysing nanoparticles that improve the efficiency of these processes under solar radiation are very necessary. Thus, in this study, TiO2 was doped with Mo and Cu using low-temperature hydrolysis as the method of synthesis. Pure TiO2 and x%MoS2/Cu/TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared, where x is the theoretical quantity of MoS2 added (0.0%, 1.0%, 5.5%, 10.0%), setting the nominal quantity of Cu at 0.5 wt.%. The samples obtained were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray electron spectroscopy and UV-Vis spectroscopy in diffuse reflectance mode. The results suggest that the TiO2 structure was doped with the Mo6+ and Cu2+ ions in the position of the Ti4+. The x%MoS2/Cu/TiO2 samples presented lower band gap energy values and greater optical absorption in the visible region than the pure TiO2 sample. Lastly, the photocatalytic activity of the samples was assessed by means of the photodegradation of methylene blue under visible light. The results show that when the quantity of Mo in the co-doped samples increased (x%MoS2/Cu/TiO2) there were significant increases of up to 93% in the photocatalytic activity.
Rheology characteristics of activated sludge and thermal treated sludge at different process temperature
Authors: Feng GuoHong , Ma He , Bai Tiantian , Guo Yabing 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
In this paper, flow behavior for activated sludge and thermal treated sludge at different process temperature and various solids content were analyzed. Results show viscosity of activated sludge and thermal treated sludge both decreased with increasing temperature, while temperature dependence of viscosity for both types of sludge were not same at the whole study range. The relationship between viscosity and temperature could be expressed by Arrhenius equation for activated sludge, and it was interesting that this law was only suitable when certain solid content (80 g/L) for thermal treated sludge. Moreover, the logistic model was certified to be accurate in describing the functionality for thermal treated sludge. As solid content was at range of 80–100 g/L, active energy of viscosity for both kinds of sludge were similar, indicating that physicochemical properties' change of sludge after thermal hydrolysis had little effect on viscosity sensibility. Arrhenius law was also suitable for describing the relationship between storage modulus and process temperature for activated sludge. However, for thermal treated sludge, Arrhenius law was invalid. Yield stress for activated sludge was prominent, while it could be ignored for thermal treated sludge.
Do signo ao texto, da língua ao discurso: de Saussure a Charaudeau
Authors: Rebello Ilana Silva 
Published: March 2018

do conceito de signo linguístico postulado por Saussure para, a partir dessa abordagem, visitar outras que aprofundaram e ampliaram os estudos do linguista suíço, como as definições arroladas por Hjelmslev, Ullmann e Pottier. Após essa abordagem estruturalista, num segundo momento, busca-se um vínculo entre as ideais de Saussure e as propostas pelo analista do discurso, Patrick Charaudeau, na distinção entre sentido de língua e sentido de discurso. Este estudo é importante, tendo em vista que a problemática envolvendo a leitura de qualquer texto, ou seja, a atividade “da língua ao discurso” passa, inevitavelmente, pela concepção do signo linguístico, que recebe enfoques distintos, em variadas correntes. ---DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/gragoata.2017n44a1002
O ponto de vista do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo sobre Saussure
Authors: Leite Evandro Gonçalves , Pereira Regina Celi Mendes , Barbosa Maria Do Socorro Maia Fernandes 
Published: March 2018

Passados cem anos da publicação do Curso de Linguística Geral, os estudos linguísticos têm voltado atenção para a importância e a relativa atualidade do pensamento de Ferdinand de Saussure para a consolidação da linguística como ciência e para disciplinas nesse campo científico. Este trabalho, nessa direção, tem o objetivo de apresentar algumas contribuições do pensamento de Saussure para o Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo, especialmente na explicação do desenvolvimento humano. Consiste numa revisão bibliográfica de textos representativos do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo que tratam da ressignificação e da integração de teses saussurianas a esse quadro teórico. Os textos apontam que há um processo de (re)descoberta de textos fundamentais de Saussure (manuscritos e notas), que, conjuntamente aos já largamente conhecidos, como o Curso de Linguística Geral, têm provocado reavaliações e ampliações de algumas de suas teses, relacionadas à linguística da fala, à língua como sistema social e, sobretudo, ao signo linguístico, suas características e seu papel no desenvolvimento humano nos planos filogenético e ontogenético. ---DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/gragoata.2017n44a1005
O que há para ultrapassar na noção saussuriana de signo? De Saussure a Benveniste
Authors: Flores Valdir Do Nascimento 
Published: March 2018

Este trabalho busca examinar os efeitos do pensamento de Ferdinand de Saussure na elaboração teórica de Émile Benveniste a partir de uma noção específica: a de signo linguístico. Muitos já se dedicaram a essa discussão e, quase sempre, o viés assumido enfoca a questão da arbitrariedade. O ponto de partida é, geralmente, o artigo de Benveniste, de 1939, “Nature du signe linguistique”, no qual é desenvolvida uma crítica à demonstração da arbitrariedade presente no Curso de linguística geral (CLG). Procura-se aqui, no entanto, outro viés de abordagem: compreender como opera a crítica de Benveniste na constituição de uma abordagem própria da questão. Desenvolve-se a hipótese de que Benveniste, embora admita a noção de signo de Saussure, a reformula de forma a propor um entendimento próprio da noção de signo linguístico. Enfim, há elementos para se supor que Benveniste inclui a visão saussuriana de signo na elaboração de uma visão própria do signo linguístico, sem, no entanto, conservá-la na íntegra. ---DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/gragoata.2017n44a969
Uma teoria da enunciação: Benveniste e Greimas
Authors: Fiorin Jose Luiz 
Published: March 2018

Benveniste formula uma teoria da enunciação, que a concebe como uma instância de mediação entre a língua e a fala. Greimas, na Semântica estrutural, diz que seria necessário, para efetuar uma boa descrição semântica, normalizar o texto, isto é, eliminar dele as categorias da enunciação. Nesse momento, Greimas não tem nenhuma teoria da enunciação. Ela vai aparecer, de forma mais acabada, no Dicionário I, em que ele explicitamente se mostra herdeiro de Benveniste. Greimas herdou de Benveniste uma teoria da enunciação. No entanto, ele reformulou-a para explicitar a construção do texto, precisou-a com a operação de debreagem enunciativa e enunciva e ampliou-a com as operações de embreagem e convocação. Embora tenha herdado de Benveniste sua teoria da enunciação, Greimas deu-lhe uma dimensão que não tinha naquele autor. ---DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/gragoata.2017n44a983
The Implementation of British Parliamentary Debate Style Training to Improve Second Semester Student’s Speaking Ability at English Education Study Program of Baturaja University
Authors: Yulia Henny , Aprilita Nanda 
Published: March 2018

The problem of this study was concerned with British Parliamentary Debate Style Training to improve second semester students’ speaking ability at English Education Study Program at Baturaja University. The objective of this study was to find out whether it was significantly effective or not to implement British Parliamentary Debate Style Training to improve second semester students’ speaking ability at English Education Study Program at Baturaja University. This study used pre experimental design covered pre test before the treatment and post test after the treatment. The second semester students of English Education Study Program at Baturaja University were the population. The number of the population was 18 students. The researcher took class A as a sample by using cluster random sampling. Based on the calculation, the sample of the study was 12 students and the significance level (α = 0.05). The result of paired t test has value of ttest (5.033) was more than the value of ttabel (2.2009) with df = 12-1 = 11. The value of Sig. (2-tailed) was 0.000 lower than the value of significance level (α = 0.05). This result showed that the alternative Hypostudy (Ha) was accepted. It meant that British Parliamentary Debate Style Training could improve second semester students’ speaking ability of English Education Study Program.
Keywords: Speaking, Implementation, Debate, Baturaja University.
Lecturer Talks: Classroom Interaction’s Identifying
Authors: Lestari Yunda 
Published: March 2018

This study aimed to find out what category of lecturer talks applied by lecturers in classroom interaction. This study was a descriptive survey. The participants were chosen by using purposive sampling technique where there were four English lecturers who taught at Second Semester Class of English Department of Baturaja University in the academic year of 2016/2017. The data were taken through observation, questionnaire and interview. Camera recorder and checklist were the instruments used in this study. The data were identified by using FLINT (Foreign Language Interaction) system as developed by Moskowitz (1971). The result of the study showed that the total of frequencies the deals with feeling were 9 or 1.6%, praises or encourages were 57 or 9.9%, uses ideas of students were 42 or 7.3%, asks questions were 199 or 34.6%, gives information were 92 or 16%, gives directions were 151 or 26.3% and criticizes student behavior were 25 or 4.3%. In conclusion, the category of lecturer applied by lecturers was asks questions in classroom interaction that the best ways to develop their role as an initiator and strategies that promote interaction in classroom activity.
Keywords: Classroom Interaction, Lecturer Talks, FLINT
The Analysis of the Readability Levels of The Reading Texts in Textbook Entitled “Fast Tract to English” for the Third Year Students of SMA Based on Raygor Readability Estimate
Authors: Nurhamsih Yeli 
Published: March 2018

The objectives of this research are to know the readability levels of the reading texts in the textbook and want to know whether or not the reading texts are suitable linguistically for the third year students of SMA. The method used in writing this research was the descriptive method. There were the 38 reading texts analyzed which were taken from an English textbook entitled “Fast Tract to English”. The data were collected through the documentation technique. Those reading texts were analyzed by using Raygor Readability Estimate. There are five findings in this research. First, on the whole, the readability of the textbook is 11. It means the textbook is not suitable lingustically for the third year students of SMA because in general, the students have been studying English for nine years. Second, the writer found four reading texts that their readability levels are under Level 9. Based on Raygor Readability Estimate (RRE), those reading texts are not suitable linguistically for the third year students of SMA because they are predicted as too easy texts for them. Conversely, those reading texts can be linguistically suitable for those who have been studying English since first year of Junior High School or for less than 9 years. Third, there are seven reading texts that are considered as readable texts. The readability level of those reading texts is 9. Based on RRE, those texts are suitable linguistically for the third year students of SMA because level 9 is predicted as suitable readability level for them. However, those texts cannot be suitable linguistically for them if they have been studying English for under or over nine years. Fourth, most of the readability levels of the reading texts in the textbook are over Level 9 namely twenty-six reading texts. Based on (RRE), those reading texts are not linguistically suitable for the students who have been studying English since they were in fourth grade of Elementary school. Those reading texts can be suitable linguistically for those who have been studying English formally for over nine years. Fifth, among 38 reading texts, there is only one reading text that its readability level is in Invalid Level. This text is considered as not readable text. It means, this text cannot be read and learnt. It is predicted, the students might have difficulties in understanding this reading text. The reading text entitled “Non-Aligned Movement”.
Keywords: Readability Levels, Reading Texts, Textbook.
Factors Contributing to Appropriate Sharps Disposal in the Community Among Patients With Diabetes
Authors: Huang Li , Katsnelson Svetlana , Yang Jie , Argyrou Charalambos , Charitou Marina M. 
Published: March 2018

Background.
Proper disposal of sharps has been well studied in hospital settings but not often addressed in the home setting. This lack of attention has resulted in erratic use of proper sharps disposal techniques and thus increased risk of needle-stick injuries and infections. This study aimed to evaluate methods of disposal and patient demographic factors associated with correct disposal of diabetes-related sharps in the community.

Methods.
A survey was administered to diabetes patients at an endocrinology clinic of an academic tertiary care center. Correct disposal of sharps was defined as use of designated sharps or other leak-proof containers. Numerous patient factors were evaluated for a clinically significant association with correct disposal of sharps via χ2 testing.

Results.
Fifty-nine percent of patients reported disposing of their sharps correctly. Those with diabetes for &gt;30 years had the lowest rate of correct disposal (36%). Age, sex, education level, type of diabetes, and type of diabetes regimen were not associated with correct disposal. Patients who received formal training on proper sharps disposal from a nurse or from other sources were more likely to dispose of sharps correctly (odds ratio [OR] 3.95, 95% CI 1.37–11.34, and OR 4.55, 95% CI 1.5–13.85, respectively). Married patients were less likely to correctly dispose of sharps (OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.14–0.92, P = 0.033).

Conclusion/Clinical Relevance.
This study was the first to examine disposal practices and associated risk factors for poor disposal methods among patients in a U.S. tertiary medical center. A large portion of patients was found to have improper sharps disposal practices. Prior formal training in sharps disposal was associated with higher rates of correct practices, suggesting that increased emphasis on provider-patient education can lead to significant improvement in disposal habits.
ANALISIS MUATAN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM BUKU TEKS KURIKULUM 2013 KELAS III SD SEMESTER 1
Authors: Adi Yogi Kuncoro 
Published: March 2018

The aim of this study is to describe character education content of the third grade elementary school curriculum 2013 textbook semester 1. The design of this study was content analysis by qualitative approach. Subject of this study is textbook of curriculum 2013 semester 1 for the third grade of elementary school students. Object of this study is character education content. The data collected by reading and recording of unit analysis. The unit analysis were materials and evaluation that integrated the values of character education in the textbooks. The instrument used in this research was the analysis sheet based on the theories. The validity of the instrument and the data used was semantic validity and expert judgment. The reliability of the data used the stability and reproducibility. The techniques of analyzing data consisted of unitizing, sampling, recording, reducing, inferring, and narrating. The results of this study show that most of the character education value was spread into every theme, although some indicators were not found. Distribution of each character value, by disregarding any indicators, evenly on all themes. However, these findings prove that a particular character value investment is not focused as in the relevant theory. Keywords: analysis, character education content
KEMAMPUAN GURU MENERAPKAN KETERAMPILAN PROSES SAINS DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPA PADA SISWA KELAS IV B SDM 14 SURAKARTA
Authors: Sayekti Ika Candra , Kinasih Arum Mawar 
Published: March 2018

This research was intend to know the implementation of scientific process skills in elementary school of Muhammadiyah 14 Surakarta. It was qualitative research. The subject of this research was students on grade IV B. the data was obtained by observation, interview, and documentation. Observation was conducted by observing learning process on subject Science. The interview used to get data of scientific process skill that is planned on subject Science. The documentation that was used was lesson plan an others. Data validation was conducted through triangulation. The results of this research were: teacher has prepared lesson plan that implement science process skill on its learning process, the teacher planned all the basic aspect of science process skills, such as: observing, classifying, measuring, predicting, inferring, and communicating. Along the learning process, the learning process was not conducted as written on learning process. The teacher got some hindrance to implement science process skill such as the minimum understanding of the teacher on science process skill and also teacher’s skill on time and class management.
Hubungan Host dan Lingkungan dengan Manifestasi Klinis Hepatitis A
Authors: Sunartyasih Retno , Kartikasari Luciana Asih 
Published: March 2018

Hepatitis A adalah infeksi sistemik oleh virus hepatitis A yang menyerang organ hati dan penularannya terjadi secara fekal-oral. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya mahasiswa sebuah perguruan tinggi swasta sebanyak 160 orang terkena hepatitis A pada bulan Oktober–November 2011, dan mereka telah menjalani rawat jalan maupun rawat inap. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara faktor hostdan lingkungan dengan manifestasi klinis penyakit hepatitis A pada mahasiswa Universitas X di Bandung. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Mei–Juni 2012. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa yang terkena penyakit hepatitis A dari bulan Oktober–Desember 2011. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 114 mahasiswa. Metode yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian survei analisis cross sectional. Analisis data menggunakan Chi-Square. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan kesimpulan bahwa faktor hostdan lingkungan memiliki hubungan dengan manifestasi klinis penyakit hepatitis A dengan nilai p<0.05. Kondisi lingkungan juga perlu diperhatikan agar dapat mencegah terjadinya penyakit terutama hepatitis A.Kata kunci: Faktor host, hepatitis A, manifestasi klinis AbstractHepatitis A is a common systemic infection transmitted by fecal-oral. This study conducted based on increased hepatitis A incidence among students in a private university in Bandung (October-November 2011). The aimed of this study was to identified the relationship between host and environtment factor with clinical manifestation of hepatitis A in X University’s student in Bandung. This study was conducted in May-June 2011. The population of this study was 114 student who experienced hepatitis. A quantitative survey used as a method in this study. The data was analyzed by non parametric chi-square test. Result of this study showed there was a significant relationship between host and clinical manifestation of hepatitis A (p<0.05). Student should have a high body endurance to enhance immunity particulary in a distress condition and mainten health environment to prevent hepatitis A transmission.Key words:Clinical manifestation, hepatitis A, host factor
Faktor-faktor yang Melatarbelakangi Perilaku Adiksi Bermain Game Onlinepada Anak Usia Sekolah
Authors: Hardanti Harvien Amellia , Nurhidayah Ikeu , Rahayu Siti Yuyun 
Published: March 2018

Adiksi bermain game onlinemerupakan aktivitas bermain yang dilakukan secara berlebihan dan cenderung mengganggu kehidupan sehari-hari. Kecamatan Jatinangor, Sumedang memiliki angka adiksi bermain game onlineyang tinggi pada sebagian besar anak usia sekolah yang bermain di warung internet penyedia game online. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran faktor-faktor yang melatarbelakangi perilaku adiksi bermain game online pada anak usia sekolah. Penelitian ini dirancang dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik konsekutif dengan 52 responden. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dengan 51 butir pertanyaan. Analisis data menggunakan distribusi frekuensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor motivasi melatarbelakangi perilaku adiksi pada 56%, sedangkan faktor atraksi penghargaan sebanyak 60%. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penanganan baik dalam mengatasi maupun mencegah adiksi bermain game onlineoleh keluarga, sekolah, dan tenaga kesehatan terkait.Kata kunci:Adiksi, anak, game online, usia sekolah AbstractOnline games addiction is an activity to excess playing online games tend to give a negative influence to daily life. District Jatinangor, Sumedang has a high rates in addiction of online games among school-age children. The purpose of this study was to identify the determinant factors that influence the behavior addiction toward the game onlie among children in the school age. This study design used descriptive method. The sample are 52 respondent. It’s were taken by consecutive sampling. The data collection used a questionnaire of 51 questions. The data was analysed by distributive frequencies. The results showed that 56% and 60% addiction behavior influenced by motivational factor and attraction factors. Based on this finding, it is recommended to treated and prevent games addiction behavior in children based on collaboration between family, school and health provider.Key words:Addiction, children, game online, school age