bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma‐assisted fabrication of multiscale materials for electrochemical energy conversion and storage
Authors: Li Chen , Zhang Tengfei , Qiu Zhong , Ye Beirong , Liang Xinqi , Liu Xin , Chen Minghua , Xia Xinhui , Wang Chen , Wan Wangjun , Zhang Yongqi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPlasma, the fourth state of matter, is characterized by the presence of charged particles, including ions and electrons. It has been shown to induce unique physical and chemical reactions. Recently, there have been increased applications of plasma technology in the field of multiscale functional materials' preparation, with a number of interesting results. This review will begin by introducing the basic knowledge of plasma, including the definition, typical parameters, and classification of plasma setups. Following this, we will provide a comprehensive review and summary of the applications (phase conversion, doping, deposition, etching, exfoliation, and surface treatment) of plasma in common energy conversion and storage systems, such as electrocatalytic conversion of small molecules, batteries, fuel cells, and supercapacitors. This article summarizes the structure–performance relationships of electrochemical energy conversion and storage materials (ECSMs) that have been prepared or modified by plasma. It also provides an overview of the challenges and perspectives of plasma technology, which could lead to a new approach for designing and modifying electrode materials in ECSMs.
Fine‐Tune the Structural Components of Porous Frameworks for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production
Authors: Zhang Cheng , Cao Doudou , Cao Jiarui , Song Yingbo , Zheng Yue , Luo Lu , Liu Jia , Yuan Ye 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWith the depletion of fossil fuels and increasing pollution problems, green and sustainable energy supply attracts worldwide attention. Hydrogen is a green and high‐density energy substance, and photocatalytic hydrogen generation is an effective and sustainable method. Therefore, developing high‐performance photocatalysts plays a crucial role in practical application. Porous frameworks with large surface areas and diversified structures are considered promising candidates for photocatalysts. This review summarizes the recent progress on porous frameworks and their derivatives through fine‐tuning structural components in terms of building monomers, functional groups, and metal hybridization for photocatalytic production of hydrogen. A detailed correlation is conducted between the structural features of porous frameworks and photocatalysis capability. In addition, we summarized the advantages of porous materials for photocatalytic hydrogen production and future development.
Site‐Selective Ligand Functionalization Reverses Hypsochromic Luminescence Shifts in Platinum(II) Complexes of Benzannulated NCN‐Coordinating Ligands
Authors: Ortiz Robert J. , Garcia‐Torres Esteban , Brothwood Phillipa L. , Williams J. A. Gareth , Herbert David E. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractLigands containing phenanthridine (benzo[c]quinoline) have presented notable exceptions to the conventional logic that increasing ligand benzannulation leads to bathochromic (red) shifts in the absorption and emission of their coordination complexes. The counterintuitive blue shifts have been attributed to the peculiar structure of phenanthridines, whose ground states are dominated by imine‐bridged biphenyl resonance contributors. These serve to isolate the C=N unit electronically from the rest of the ligand framework and allow the C=N moiety to act as a ‘shock‐absorber’, buffering against larger molecular distortions in a molecule's excited state, and reducing the observed pseudo‐Stokes’ shift. Here, we provide experimental evidence for this assertion in the form of a counterfactual that reverses this trend: substitution at the phenanthridine 6‐position (i. e., at the C=N sub‐unit) breaks the phenanthridine's tendency to cause hypsochromic luminescence shifts. The synthesis, full characterization, and comparison of 2‐quinolinyl and 6‐phenanthridinyl exemplars is provided, supported by a detailed theoretical treatment.
Crystal Structures of Highly Electron‐Accepting Naphtho[1,2‐c:5,6‐c]bis[1,2,5]Chalcogendiazole
Authors: Tanaka Saki , Matsuo Takumi , Hayashi Shotaro 
Published: December 2024

AbstractNaphtho[1,2‐c:5,6‐c]bis[1,2,5]chalcogendiazole is an important building block for organic devices due to its highly electron‐accepting properties. However, despite being an effective unit of low band gap organic semiconductors, fewer studies have been conducted on analyzing such units to understand their crystal structure. Here the crystal structure analysis of naphtho[1,2‐c:5,6‐c]bis[1,2,5]thiadiazole, naphtho[1,2‐c:5,6‐c]bis[1,2,5]oxadiazole is reported, and these brominated motifs. Crystal structures of naphtho[1,2‐c:5,6‐c]bis[1,2,5]thiadiazoles and its brominated compound show that the molecules form coplanar structures through N···S contacts, resulting in parallel face‐to‐face packing and π‐π stacking. Double N···S contacts are found as a priority in such compounds. On the other hand, naphtho[1,2‐c:5,6‐c]bis[1,2,5]oxadiazoles gave N···H─C networks with π‐π stacking. These differences will probably induce the difference in the crystal structure of the naphtho[1,2‐c:5,6‐c]bis[1,2,5]chalcogendiazole‐based extended π‐systems. Brominated one exhibits polymorphs, which works N···Br contacts or Br···Br contacts based on the interaction of the σ‐hole of bromide. These investigations can be applied to the order‐made synthesis of self‐assembled soft matter and functional molecular crystals.
Fishy Business—Assessing the Efficacy of Active and Passive eDNA to Describe the Fish Assemblage of a River in Southwestern Western Australia to Support Effective Monitoring
Authors: Stevens Emma R. , Hyde Josephine , Beesley Leah S. , Gwinn Daniel C. , Thompson Suzanne , Morris Lenore , Wilson Paige R. , Gleeson Deirdre B. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTWorldwide, freshwater vertebrate populations are declining with increasing pressure on rivers due to numerous environmental and climatic threats. Environmental DNA (eDNA) could potentially provide a more efficient and non‐invasive mechanism to monitor freshwater systems, either as a complement or in replacement to traditional methods to accurately assess species' distributions. Here, we utilize a hierarchical multispecies N‐mixture model to compare three fish sampling methods: traditional fyke netting and active and passive environmental DNA sampling along a 30 km stretch of the Canning River in Western Australia. We used the fitted model to compare capture probabilities among sampling methods and reveal the sampling effort required to describe the species assemblage. Results indicated that while all methods could detect fish, combined eDNA methodologies detected one more fish species than those caught by fyke netting. In addition, active eDNA sampling produced the highest capture probabilities and more consistently described the entire fish assemblage at any given site. Fyke netting and passive eDNA did not show significant differences in their average capture probabilities, and both methods had lower abilities to capture individual species than active eDNA. Active eDNA also required fewer replicate samples to detect the expected observed richness, and fyke netting required the most replicates. Additionally, a hierarchical multispecies abundance model showed that active environmental DNA (eDNA) sampling is the most effective method for monitoring freshwater fish populations. This study contributes to our understanding of eDNA in aquatic systems and demonstrates that, at least under current conditions, active sampling is still the preferred method in freshwater systems with low flow compared to both passive sampling and fyke netting.
Monitoring of Endangered Freshwater Mussels in Sweden Using Digital PCR
Authors: Sundberg Per , Axberg Alizz , Daragmeh Nauras , Wengström Niklas , Panova Marina 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTFreshwater mussels are traditionally monitored by visual observations which is time‐consuming and can be difficult depending on water conditions. Environmental DNA (eDNA) is an attractive alternative since it can detect a species in the water without visual observations. Furthermore, since the DNA can potentially travel downstream in the river systems, presence of a species can be detected even away from the population of mussels. In this paper, we evaluate and describe how dPCR (digital PCR) technique can be used to efficiently monitor four freshwater mussel species: the freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera margaritifera from Margaritiferidae family and three species from Unionidae family: the depressed river mussel Pseudanodonta complanata, the painter's mussel Unio pictorum, and the thick shelled river mussel Unio crassus, which are all regarded endangered in many regions worldwide. dPCR assays for the four mussel species were developed and tested in silico before conducting field surveys. The verification step in the field was carried out in two Swedish rivers with confirmed populations of the freshwater pearl mussel (M. margaritifera). Furthermore, two other rivers with unknown presence of the endangered freshwater mussels were surveyed for occurrence of the four mussel species, using the capacity to multiplex several species simultaneously in a dPCR reaction. We furthermore showed that the target DNA concentrations probably depend on the season and water level, which may largely affect the detection probability and interpretation of the results in terms of population size.
Association between consumption of ultra‐processed foods and glycemic self‐monitoring in women with gestational diabetes mellitus and their newborns: A cohort study
Authors: da Silva Amanda Gabriela Araújo , de Oliveira Araújo Maria Eliones , de Lucena Amanda Maria Lira , Fontes Iasmim Leite , De Lima Isabelle Lorena Barbosa , de Souza Pollyana Carvalho , de Araujo Medeiros Santos Cristina Maria , dos Santos Dametto Juliana Fernandes , da Silva Ribeiro Karla Danielly 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the association between the consumption of ultra‐processed foods (UPFs) and outcomes of self‐monitoring of blood glucose in pregnant woman with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and the occurrence of hypoglycemia in their newborns.MethodsProspective cohort study of pregnant woman with GDM who were followed up from the second trimester of pregnancy in high‐risk prenatal care until the immediate postpartum period. Dietary intake was assessed using 24‐h recalls and analyzed according to the Nova Classification. The glycemic profile was assessed by self‐monitoring of fasting and postprandial capillary glycemia (pregnant) and by capillary glycemia in the first 48 h of life (neonate). Multilevel binary logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between increasing UPF intake, considering the highest tertile of UPF consumption, and women's glycemic control and the occurrence of neonatal hypoglycemia.ResultsUPFs provided 15% of calories consumed; 33.3% (n = 30) and 52.3% (n = 45) of the women had hyperglycemia in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, respectively. After adjustment it was observed that UPF consumption had no significant association with maternal glycemic control but it showed a positive association with the occurrence of neonatal hypoglycemia (odds ratio [OR] 1.144, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.037–1.262, p = 0.007).ConclusionThese data reinforce the need to address food processing during high‐risk prenatal care in order to help reduce the negative impacts of UPF consumption on the mother–infant dyad.
An eMERGEing definition of patient engagement in genetic counseling
Authors: Fung Jacqueline , Rashkin Misha , Barton Claire , Grajales Lizette , Jan Cheng‐Wei , Lara‐Otero Karlena , Narain Anjali , Rios‐Ventura Sonia , Rowe‐Teeter Courtney , Torres Zapata Astrid , Tucker Brianna , Ford James M. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe concept of patient engagement has been widely studied for decades in the fields of medicine, nursing, psychology, social science, public health, and policy, and increased levels of patient engagement have been shown to improve health outcomes and strengthen reported experiences of care. Despite this, little research has been done to evaluate what patient engagement looks like within the context of a genetic counseling session. Additionally, there is limited literature from researchers based in the United States that aims to better understand patient engagement in non‐English‐speaking populations. This study is part of a larger protocol entitled “Multilingual Education Research in Genetic counseling Engagement (MERGE),” and it explores the elements that make up patient engagement in the context of pre‐test genetic counseling for hereditary cancer risk among English‐ and Spanish‐speaking patients. Eligible patients were 18 years or older at the time of their genetic counseling visit, had a personal or family history of breast cancer (if English‐speaking) or a personal or family history of any cancer (if Spanish‐speaking), and had not previously been seen for hereditary cancer genetic counseling. Out of 40 enrolled participants, 60% of patients (24/40) were English‐speaking, while 40% of patients (16/40) were Spanish‐speaking. In this study, English transcripts were generated from audio‐recordings of clinical, standard‐of‐care genetic counseling sessions. The transcripts were qualitatively coded by two raters using an inductive approach, allowing for big Q thematic analysis. Six major themes were identified, describing ways in which patients show engagement and participate in decision‐making during a pre‐test genetic counseling session. All data were analyzed collectively, as assessment of differences between the language groups was not a primary analysis question. From the six themes, a definition of patient engagement in genetic counseling is proposed such that it consists of four “components” that together promote shared decision‐making: Application of Education; Expression of Emotions; Feelings of Ownership; and Therapeutic Alliance. This working definition of patient engagement in genetic counseling has overlap with previous research on patient engagement in healthcare and with the Reciprocal‐Engagement Model of genetic counseling. Future research on this topic can investigate methods for measuring and improving patient engagement across different settings and service delivery models.
Efficacy of Ultrasound‐Guided Transverse Abdominal Plane Block for Residual Pain After Pulsed Radiofrequency in Abdominal Acute/Subacute Herpes Zoster‐Related Pain
Authors: Li Shao‐Jun , Tong Sheng‐Xiong , Feng Dan 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundPulse radiofrequency (PRF) can reduce the persistent pain of herpes zoster (HZ), but some patients still have residual pain and do not achieve satisfactory results. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of PRF combined with transverse abdominal plane (TAP) block for abdominal acute/subacute HZ‐related pain.MethodsA total of 137 acute/sub‐acute HZ patients with successful PRF treatment were recruited from the Pain Department of Wuhan No. 1 Hospital between January 2018 and January 2020. There were two groups: the transversus abdominis plane group (TAP group, n = 64) and the normal saline group (NS group, n = 60). Pain intensity, sleep quality, and quality of life were quantified using the visual analogue scale (VAS), the five‐item questionnaire and scoring system, and the 36‐item Short Form Health Survey (SF‐36) questionnaire, respectively. Follow‐up assessments were conducted at baseline, 1 day, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after the block therapy.ResultsCompared to the NS group, the TAP group showed significantly decreased pain scores 1 day, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after block therapy (P < .05). The sleep quality scores were lower in the TAP group than that in the NS group at 6 months (5.0 ± 2.4 vs 6.3 ± 3.7, p = .042), and 12 months after therapy (3.1 ± 1.8 vs 4.1 ± 2.4, p = .031). For quality of life, in comparison to NS group participants, those in the TAP group exhibited significantly higher scores (p < .05) for quality of life at 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months follow‐up. There was a significant decrease in the proportion of pregabalin and analgesic medications in the TAP group and NS group at 6 and 12 months after treatment compared to Baseline (p < .001). Furthermore, the results showed that there was a significant difference in VAS, sleep quality scores (SQS), and quality of life between the PRF + TAP group and pharmacological therapies group before and 12 months after treatment (p < .05).ConclusionThe TAP block is a promising complementary treatment for acute/subacute HZ patients who have undergone PRF treatment. Combining PRF with the TAP block has the potential to alleviate HZ‐related pain, enhance the patients' quality of life, and improve their sleep quality.
Does the TruBlue Laser Set Microlaryngoscopy Equipment on Fire? A Systematic Evaluation
Authors: Roitman Ariel , Lunga Tadeas , Venkatraman Anumitha , Schroeder Kristopher M , Thibeault Susan L , Dailey Seth H 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionThe risk of fire during laser microlaryngoscopy is well known. However, limited information is available about fire risk with the novel TruBlue laser. This study systematically evaluates its interactions with common surgical supplies, offering valuable insights into safety considerations for surgeons.Material and MethodsWe used experimental conditions to test the extent to which TruBlue laser energy produces smoke, perforation, or fire in Rüsch®, Medtronic™ and microlaryngeal endotracheal tubes and in surgical pledgets.ResultsOnly the Microlaryngeal Tube (MLT) caught fire. Notably, it happened only when the laser fiber shifted on the tube's surface. Smoke emerged solely from the laser fiber applied to the Medtronic™ shaft and only during continuous contact mode. Cuff perforation and smoke emanating from the shaft occurred in three‐quarters of the Rüsch® trials. The pledgets' radiopaque segment exhibited a greater combustibility than other segments (p < 0.01). In many of the pledget trials, faster smoke emission occurred with shorter laser‐to‐target distances (p < 0.05). Water‐soaked pledgets displayed a reduced rate of smoke production (p < 0.01) and string division.ConclusionThe Medtronic™ tube assures remarkable safety with a nonignitable shaft and low cuff ignition. The MLT poses the highest ignition risk. Cuff perforation risk is mitigated by maintaining a 0.3‐cm distance from the laser fiber tip. Pledget fire risk is mitigated by positioning the radiopaque part away from the laser beam and by soaking the pledget with water. Laser division of the pledgets' string was common.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 2024
The microorganisms associated with doliolids in a productive coastal upwelling system
Authors: Steinman Melissa , Schmid Moritz S. , Cowen Robert K. , Sponaugle Su , Sutherland Kelly R. , Thompson Anne W. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDoliolids have a unique ability to impact the marine microbial community through bloom events and filter feeding. Their predation on large eukaryotic microorganisms is established and evidence of predation on smaller prokaryotic microorganisms is beginning to emerge. We studied the association between microorganisms and wild‐caught doliolids in the Northern California Current system. Doliolids were collected during bloom events identified at three different shelf locations with variable upwelling intensity. We discovered doliolids were associated with a range of prokaryotic microbial functional groups, which included free‐living pelagic Archaea, SAR11, and picocyanobacteria. The results suggest the possibility that doliolids could feed on the smallest members of the microbial community, expanding our understanding of doliolid feeding and microbial mortality. Given the ability of doliolids to clear large portions of seawater by filtration and their high abundance in this system, we suggest that doliolids could be an important player in shaping the microbial community structure of the Northern California Current system.
Solutions of Local and Nonlocal Discrete Complex Modified Korteweg–De Vries Equations and Continuum Limits
Authors: Hu Ya‐nan , Shen Shou‐feng , Zhao Song‐lin 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTCauchy matrix approach for the discrete Ablowitz–Kaup–Newell–Segur equations is reconsidered, where two “proper” discrete Ablowitz–Kaup–Newell–Segur equations and two “unproper” discrete Ablowitz–Kaup–Newell–Segur equations are derived. The “proper” equations admit local reduction, while the “unproper” equations admit nonlocal reduction. By imposing the local and nonlocal complex reductions on the obtained discrete Ablowitz–Kaup–Newell–Segur equations, two local and nonlocal discrete complex modified Korteweg–de Vries equations are constructed. For the obtained local and nonlocal discrete complex modified Korteweg–de Vries equations, soliton solutions and Jordan‐block solutions are presented by solving the determining equation set. The dynamical behaviors of 1‐soliton solution are analyzed and illustrated. Continuum limits of the resulting local and nonlocal discrete complex modified Korteweg–de Vries equations are discussed.
Magnetic resonance image denoising for Rician noise using a novel hybrid transformer‐CNN network (HTC‐net) and self‐supervised pretraining
Authors: Shi Shengjie , Wang Cheng , Xiao Sa , Li Haidong , Zhao Xiuchao , Guo Fumin , Shi Lei , Zhou Xin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a crucial technique for both scientific research and clinical diagnosis. However, noise generated during MR data acquisition degrades image quality, particularly in hyperpolarized (HP) gas MRI. While deep learning (DL) methods have shown promise for MR image denoising, most of them fail to adequately utilize the long‐range information which is important to improve denoising performance. Furthermore, the sample size of paired noisy and noise‐free MR images also limits denoising performance.PurposeTo develop an effective DL method that enhances denoising performance and reduces the requirement of paired MR images by utilizing the long‐range information and pretraining.MethodsIn this work, a hybrid Transformer‐convolutional neural network (CNN) network (HTC‐net) and a self‐supervised pretraining strategy are proposed, which effectively enhance the denoising performance. In HTC‐net, a CNN branch is exploited to extract the local features. Then a Transformer‐CNN branch with two parallel encoders is designed to capture the long‐range information. Within this branch, a residual fusion block (RFB) with a residual feature processing module and a feature fusion module is proposed to aggregate features at different resolutions extracted by two parallel encoders. After that, HTC‐net exploits the comprehensive features from the CNN branch and the Transformer‐CNN branch to accurately predict noise‐free MR images through a reconstruction module. To further enhance the performance on limited MRI datasets, a self‐supervised pretraining strategy is proposed. This strategy employs self‐supervised denoising to equip the HTC‐net with denoising capabilities during pretraining, and then the pre‐trained parameters are transferred to facilitate subsequent supervised training.ResultsExperimental results on the pulmonary HP 129Xe MRI dataset (1059 images) and IXI dataset (5000 images) all demonstrate the proposed method outperforms the state‐of‐the‐art methods, exhibiting superior preservation of edges and structures. Quantitatively, on the pulmonary HP 129Xe MRI dataset, the proposed method outperforms the state‐of‐the‐art methods by 0.254–0.597 dB in PSNR and 0.007–0.013 in SSIM. On the IXI dataset, the proposed method outperforms the state‐of‐the‐art methods by 0.3–0.927 dB in PSNR and 0.003–0.016 in SSIM.ConclusionsThe proposed method can effectively enhance the quality of MR images, which helps improve the diagnosis accuracy in clinical.