bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chondrogenic differentiation of mouse induced pluripotent stem cells using the three‐dimensional culture with ultra‐purified alginate gel
Authors: Hontani Kazutoshi , Onodera Tomohiro , Terashima Michiyo , Momma Daisuke , Matsuoka Masatake , Baba Rikiya , Joutoku Zenta , Matsubara Shinji , Homan Kentaro , Hishimura Ryosuke , Xu Liang , Iwasaki Norimasa 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAs articular cartilages have rarely healed by themselves because of their characteristics of avascularity and low cell density, surgical intervention is ideal for patients with cartilaginous injuries. Because of structural characteristics of the cartilage tissue, a three‐dimensional culture of stem cells in biomaterials is a favorable system on cartilage tissue engineering. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are a new cell source in cartilage tissue engineering for its characteristics of self‐renewal capability and pluripotency. However, the optimal cultivation condition for chondrogenesis of iPSCs is still unknown. Here we show that a novel chondrogenic differentiation method of iPSCs using the combination of three‐dimensional cultivation in ultra‐purified alginate gel (UPAL gel) and multi‐step differentiation via mesenchymal stem cell‐like cells (iPS‐MSCs) could efficiently and specifically differentiate iPSCs into chondrocytes. The iPS‐MSCs in UPAL gel culture sequentially enhanced the expression of chondrogenic marker without the upregulation of that of osteogenic and adipogenic marker and histologically showed homogeneous chondrogenic extracellular matrix formation. Our results suggest that the pluripotency of iPSCs can be controlled when iPSCs are differentiated into iPS‐MSCs before embedding in UPAL gel. These results lead to the establishment of an efficient three‐dimensional system to engineer artificial cartilage tissue from iPSCs for cartilage regeneration. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 1086–1093, 2019.
Seasonal influence on TORCH infection and analysis of multi‐positive samples with indirect immunofluorescence assay
Authors: Chen Lu , Liu Jingrui , Shi Lei , Song Yang , Song Yujie , Gao Yang , Dong Ying , Li Lin , Shen Min , Zhai Yanhong , Cao Zheng 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundTORCH including the pathogens of Toxoplasma gondii (TOX), rubella virus (RV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and herpes simplex virus (HSV) causes intrauterine infections and poses a worldwide threat to women especially in pregnancy. In this study, we described the seasonal difference in TORCH infection and analyzed the anti‐TORCH IgM multipositive serum samples by the indirect immunofluorescence assays (IFA).MethodsTo observe the seasonal influence of the anti‐TORCH IgG and IgM antibodies, a retrospective study was conducted with 10 669 women (20–40 y old) before pregnancy from August 2016 to July 2017. Totally 199 ELISA anti‐TORCH IgM multipositive serum samples were further tested by IFAs for false‐positive analysis.ResultsThe prevalence of positive HSV1‐IgM, RV‐IgM, HSV2‐IgM, CMV‐IgM, and TOX‐IgM in the present population was 6.30%, 2.55%, 1.94%, 1.24%, and 0.67%, respectively. Additionally, the prevalence of positive RV‐IgM, CMV‐IgM, and HSV1‐IgM was statistically different among four seasons, with the highest positive rates of RV‐IgM (4.12%) in autumn, CMV‐IgM (1.75%) in summer, and HSV1‐IgM (7.53%) in winter. The confirmatory IFAs showed that the positive rates of RUV‐IgM, CMV‐IgM, and HSV2‐IgM were significantly different from those in ELISA screening experiments. Interestingly, only 32.7% (65/199) of the TORCH IgM multipositive results were consistent with those by the IFA, indicating that cross‐reaction caused false positives were common in ELISA IgM antibody screening.ConclusionThe TORCH infection displayed different prevalence among four seasons in our 12‐month retrospective study. The IgM multipositives by ELISA screening may need further confirmation analysis due to its relatively high cross‐reaction rate.
Discrepancies of Notch 1 receptor during development of chronic seizures
Authors: Saffarzadeh Fatemeh , Modarres Mousavi Sayed Mostafa , Lotfinia Ahmad Ali , Alipour Fatemeh , Hosseini Ravandi Hassan , Karimzadeh Fariba 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe critical role of Notch signaling has been shown in the pathogenesis of some neurological disorders including schizophrenia, epilepsy and Alzheimer’s disease. This study was aimed to evaluate the role of Notch 1 receptor in epileptogenesis as well as seizure characteristics. The animals were divided into three groups of sham, early stage and end stage. In sham group: Normal saline was injected intraperitoneally (ip) in the same as protocol of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) injection. PTZ was injected (ip) every 48 hr over a period of 1 week in the group of early stage and over a period of 4 weeks in the end stage. The gene expression as well as distribution of Notch 1 receptor was assessed in the parietal cortex and hippocampus. In addition, the effect of agonist or antagonist of Notch 1 receptor was assessed on the epileptic discharges induced by PTZ injection. The gene expression of Notch 1 decreased in the hippocampus significantly in the end‐stage group compared with sham, and early groups. Furthermore, distribution of Notch 1 receptor increased in the somatosensory cortex and decreased in the CA1 hippocampal area in the end‐stage group. Intraventricular microinjection of Notch 1 agonist significantly increased the amplitude as well as frequency of spikes and decreased the latency of first epileptic discharges. Our findings illustrate the critical role of Notch signalling as a potential pathway in the epileptogenesis during development of chronic seizures.
Construction of microRNA–messenger networks for human osteosarcoma
Authors: Ma Guifu , Zhang Chao , Luo Wenyuan , Zhao Jia‐Li , Wang Xuebin , Qian Yaowen 
Published: January 2019

AbstractOsteosarcoma is the most common bone tumor in children and young adults. Although the microRNAs (miRNA) expression analyses of osteosarcoma have been performed previously, the construction of miRNA–messenger RNA (mRNA) networks for osteosarcoma is needed. This study aimed to identify osteosarcoma‐related miRNAs through analyzing the microarray datasets and to construct the regulatory network of miRNA–mRNA for human osteosarcoma. The datasets were extracted from the Gene Expression Omnibus and the differentially expressed miRNAs were screened through the limma package in Bioconductor. Genes targeted by the differentially expressed miRNAs were screened out by using the Miranda, MirTarget2, PicTar, PITA, and TargetScan databases. The predicted target genes were further analyzed by Gene Ontology and pathway enrichment analysis and a regulatory network of differentially expressed miRNAs and their target osteosarcoma‐associated genes was constructed. A total of 36 downregulated miRNAs and 182 upregulated miRNAs were identified in osteosarcoma samples compared with normal samples and 397 target genes for upregulated miRNAs and 222 target genes for downregulated miRNAs were obtained. The enriched pathways for target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs included transcriptional misregulation in cancer, the AMPK signaling pathway, and MAPK signaling pathway. In the regulatory network, has‐miR‐199a‐5p targeted the highest number of genes and nemo‐like kinase (NLK) was targeted by five miRNAs (hsa‐miR‐140‐5p, hsa‐miR‐107, hsa‐miR‐324‐5p, hsa‐miR‐199a‐5p, and hsa‐miR‐28‐5p). The has‐miR‐324‐5p targets NLK, TGFB2, and PPARG. These miRNAs and their target genes may serve as potential therapeutic targets of osteosarcoma.
MUC1 downregulation promotes TNF‐α‐induced necroptosis in human bronchial epithelial cells via regulation of the RIPK1/RIPK3 pathway
Authors: Zhang Huojun , Ji Jiani , Liu Qian , Xu Shuyun 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMUC1 (mucin 1), a membrane‐tethered mucin glycoprotein, is highly expressed on the surface of respiratory epithelial cells and plays a key role in anti‐inflammatory and antiapoptotic responses against infections. However, little is known about the link between MUC1 and necroptosis in asthma. This study aimed to investigate the effects of MUC1 on TNF‐α‐induced necroptosis in human bronchial epithelial (16HBE) cells and the underlying molecular mechanism. Negative control and MUC1‐siRNA cells were treated with TNF‐α in the presence or absence of necrostatin‐1 (Nec‐1). Necroptosis was investigated using flow cytometry analyses, and the protein expression levels of MUC1, receptor‐interacting protein kinase‐1 (RIPK1), RIPK3, and phosphorylated RIPK1 were detected by western blot analysis. In addition, the interactions between RIPK and MUC1 were analyzed by coimmunoprecipitation. The results demonstrated that TNF‐α could induce necroptosis of 16HBE cells, and MUC1 expression was increased upon treatment with TNF‐α. The coimmunoprecipitation outcomes showed that MUC1 interacted with RIPK1 but not with RIPK3 in 16HBE cells, and the interaction was augmented by TNF‐α. Furthermore, MUC1 downregulation obviously increased the TNF‐α‐induced necroptosis of 16HBE cells and enhanced the expression of p‐RIPK1‐Ser166 and RIPK3, whereas these phenomena were partially attenuated by Nec‐1. These results may provide a new insight into the mechanism of severe asthma‐related necroptosis and lay a foundation for the future development of new anti‐inflammatory drugs for asthma.
MyD88 signalling is critical in the development of pancreatic cancer cachexia
Authors: Zhu Xinxia , Burfeind Kevin G. , Michaelis Katherine A. , Braun Theodore P. , Olson Brennan , Pelz Katherine R. , Morgan Terry K. , Marks Daniel L. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundUp to 80% of pancreatic cancer patients suffer from cachexia, a devastating condition that exacerbates underlying disease, reduces quality of life, and increases treatment complications and mortality. Tumour‐induced inflammation is linked to this multifactorial wasting syndrome, but mechanisms and effective treatments remain elusive. Myeloid differentiation factor (MyD88), a key component of the innate immune system, plays a pivotal role in directing the inflammatory response to various insults. In this study, we tested whether MyD88 signalling is essential in the development of pancreatic cancer cachexia using a robust mouse tumour model.MethodsSex, age, and body weight‐matched wide type (WT) and MyD88 knockout (MyD88 KO) mice were orthotopically or intraperitoneally implanted with a pancreatic tumour cell line from a syngeneic C57BL/6 KRASG12D/+ P53R172H/+ Pdx‐Cre (KPC) mouse. We observed the effects of MyD88 signalling during pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma progression and the cachexia development through behavioural, histological, molecular, and survival aspects.ResultsBlocking MyD88 signalling greatly ameliorated pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma‐associated anorexia and fatigue, attenuated lean mass loss, reduced muscle catabolism and atrophy, diminished systemic and central nervous system inflammation, and ultimately improved survival. Our data demonstrate that MyD88 signalling plays a critical role in mediating pancreatic cancer‐induced inflammation that triggers cachexia development and therefore represents a promising therapeutic target.ConclusionsMyD88‐dependent inflammation is crucial in the pathophysiology of pancreatic cancer progression and contributes to high mortality. Our findings implicate the importance of innate immune signalling pathways in pancreatic cancer cachexia and a novel therapeutic target.
Highly Efficient Direct Synthesis of Scaffold 9a,10,12,12a‐Tetrahydrobenzo[b]cyclopenta[f]pyrrolo[1,2‐d][1,4]diazepinone by Using Active Phoshomolybdic Acid
Authors: Sarnikar Yuvaraj P. , Biradar Dhanraj O. , Mane Yogesh D. , Khade Bhimrao C. 
Published: January 2019

Domino coupling of furan‐2‐yl (phenyl) methanol and 2‐(1H‐pyrrol‐1‐yl) aniline has been achieved in the presence of 10 mol% phosphomolybdic acid in CH3CN under reflux to afford the corresponding biologically active 10‐aryl‐9a,10,12,12a‐tetrahydrobenzo[b]cyclopenta[f]pyrrolo[1,2‐d][1,4]diazepin‐11(9H)‐ones in good yields. Broad substrate scope, short reaction times, environmentally benign, and operational simplicity makes this method more attractive.
Metabolic perturbations in classic galactosemia beyond the Leloir pathway: Insights from an untargeted metabolomic study
Authors: Taylor Fischer S. , Frederick Allison B. , Tran ViLinh , Li Shuzhao , Jones Dean P. , Fridovich‐Keil Judith L. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractClassic galactosemia (CG) is an autosomal recessive disorder that impacts close to 1/50000 live births in the United States, with varying prevalence in other countries. Following exposure to milk, which contains high levels of galactose, affected infants may experience rapid onset and progression of potentially lethal symptoms. With the benefit of early diagnosis, generally by newborn screening, and immediate and lifelong dietary restriction of galactose, the acute sequelae of disease can be prevented or resolved. However, long‐term complications are common, and despite many decades of research, the bases of these complications remain unexplained. As a step toward defining the underlying pathophysiology of long‐term outcomes in CG, we applied an untargeted metabolomic approach with mass spectrometry and dual liquid chromatography, comparing thousands of small molecules in plasma samples from 183 patients and 31 controls. All patients were on galactose‐restricted diets. Using both univariate and multivariate statistical methods, we identified 252 differentially abundant features from anion exchange chromatography and 167 differentially abundant features from C18 chromatography. Mapping these discriminatory features to putative metabolites and biochemical pathways revealed 14 significantly perturbed pathways; these included multiple redox, amino acid, and mitochondrial pathways, among others. Finally, we tested whether any discriminatory features also distinguished cases with mild vs more severe long‐term outcomes and found multiple candidates, of which one achieved false discovery rate‐adjusted q < 0.1. These results extend substantially from prior targeted studies of metabolic perturbation in CG and offer a new approach to identifying candidate modifiers and targets for intervention.
T1ρ mapping for assessment of renal allograft fibrosis
Authors: Hectors Stefanie J. , Bane Octavia , Kennedy Paul , El Salem Fadi , Menon Madhav , Segall Maxwell , Khaim Rafael , Delaney Veronica , Lewis Sara , Taouli Bachir 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundThere is an unmet need for noninvasive methods to diagnose and stage renal allograft fibrosis.PurposeTo investigate the utility of T1ρ measured with MRI for the assessment of fibrosis in renal allografts.Study TypeInstitutional Review Board (IRB)‐approved prospective.SubjectsFifteen patients with stable functional allograft (M/F 9/6, mean age 56 years) and 12 patients with allograft dysfunction and established fibrosis (M/F 6/6, mean age 51 years).Field Strength/SequenceT1ρ imaging at 1.5T using a custom‐developed sequence.AssessmentAverage T1ρ in the cortex and medulla was quantified and T1ρ repeatability (expressed by the coefficient of variation [CV]) was measured in four patients.Statistical TestsDifferences in T1ρ values between the 2 groups were assessed using Mann–Whitney U‐tests. Diagnostic performance of T1ρ for differentiation between functional and fibrotic allografts was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Spearman correlations of T1ρ with Masson's trichrome‐stained fractions and serum estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were assessed.ResultsHigher T1ρ repeatability was found for cortex compared with medulla (mean CV T1ρ cortex 7.4%, medulla 13.3%). T1ρ values were significantly higher in the cortex of fibrotic vs. functional allografts (111.8 ± 17.2 msec vs. 99.0 ± 11.0 msec, P = 0.027), while there was no difference in medullary T1ρ values (122.6 ± 20.8 msec vs. 124.3 ± 20.8 msec, P = 0.789). Cortical T1ρ significantly correlated with Masson's trichrome‐stained fractions (r = 0.515, P = 0.044) and eGFR (r = –0.546, P = 0.004), and demonstrated an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.77 for differentiating between functional and fibrotic allografts (sensitivity and specificity of 75.0% and 86.7%, using threshold of 106.9 msec).Data ConclusionOur preliminary results suggest that T1ρ is a potential imaging biomarker of renal allograft fibrosis. These results should be verified in a larger study.Level of Evidence: 1Technical Efficacy: Stage 1J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;50:1085–1091.
Interactions between Lipases and Amphiphiles at Interfaces
Authors: Reis Pedro , Malmsten Martin , Nydén Magnus , Folmer Britta , Holmberg Krister 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis review deals with interactions at interfaces between lipases and low molecular weight amphiphiles, such as polar lipids and synthetic surfactants. The interaction between polar lipids and lipases is particularly important in the gastrointestinal tract, where fat is digested by gastric lipases in the stomach and by pancreatic lipases in the duodenum. Polar lipids have been found to influence lipase activity in numerous ways. For example, it has been found that Sn‐2 monoacylglycerols, which are the main degradation products from fat metabolism, take over at the triacylglycerol oil–water interface and prevent further access of the lipase to its substrate, i.e., triacylglycerols and diacylglycerols. Additionally, different types of surfactants interact differently with lipases and the interaction can result in loss of enzymatic activity. As both lipases and the surfactants are strongly surface active, this type of interaction preferentially takes place at an interface. Lipase‐surfactant interactions have been systematically studied at the air–water, the solid–water, and the oil–water interfaces. In general, it is found that cationic surfactants interact stronger than anionic or nonionic surfactants at all interfaces but not in bulk water. However, somewhat contradictory results have been reported in the literature and it is likely that the inconsistency is due to the fact that lipases of different origins are used in the different studies.
Could the reliability of classical descriptors of fruit quality be influenced by irrigation and cold storage? The case of mango, a climacteric fruit
Authors: Rosalie Rémy , Léchaudel Mathieu , Chillet Marc , Dufossé Laurent , Joas Jacques 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDLarge improvements have been realized on the accuracy of the determination of fruit quality. The relevance of the relationship between commonly used quality descriptors and their related chemical contents was here questioned under the influence of water supply reduction and postharvest cold storage. The study relied on three analyses: (1) a correlation table between quality descriptors and compound contents, (2) principal component analysis using the selected variables to see the quality discrimination dictated by treatments; and (3) linear correlation between content and descriptors according to treatments.RESULTSThe results indicate that abiotic parameters applied on mango fruits before or after harvest can affect the relationship between a quality descriptor and the content in compounds it is related to, here between titratable acidity and organic acid content and to a lesser extent between color, represented by hue angle values, and carotenoids, possibly creating bias in the final quality determination. A stronger relation between total soluble solids and total sugar content, were observed under mild abiotic stress.CONCLUSIONFruit growth and postharvest storage conditions, such as irrigation and cold storage, can influence the actual correspondence between the compounds contents and the descriptors used to estimate fruit quality, particularly for pulp color, sugars and acids. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
The influence of dietary sunflower oil, rich in n‐6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, in combination with vitamin C on ram semen parameters, sperm lipids and fertility
Authors: Ezazi Hossein , Abdi‐Benemar Hossein , Taghizadeh Akbar , Khalili Behrooz , Seifdavati Jamal , Jafaroghli Morteza , Elghandour Mona MMY , Salem Abdelfattah ZM 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDDietary fats, fed to ruminant animals, have been observed to improve reproductive function. Sunflower oil is one of the richest sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), over 60% of which is linoleic acid (C18:2). With regard to recommendations for increased consumption of PUFAs, special emphasis has been given to the importance of consuming more antioxidants to prevent lipid peroxide formation. This study evaluated the effects of dietary n‐6 PUFAs and vitamin C (VC) in rams – in particular, on semen quality, blood metabolites, sperm lipids and overall fertility.RESULTSDiets supplemented with SFO and VC increased the proportion of motile sperms and their progressive motility improved (P < 0.01). Rams fed a diet containing SFO had an increased proportion of sperms with normal acrosomes in their semen samples (P < 0.01). The highest levels of lactate dehydrogenase activity (LDH) enzyme were found in control rams (2.60 U mL−1). Feeding SFO significantly affected blood triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations (P < 0.05). Diets containing SFO increased the proportion of C18:2c, C20:4, C20:3 and C22 in the sperm lipid composition (P < 0.05). Semen of SFO and VC‐fed rams was more fertile than that of control rams when it was artificially inseminated to ewes.CONCLUSIONFeeding rams with supplemental SFO and VC increased semen quality and improved fertility rates. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Concordance Rates Between Resident‐Performed Ultrasound Measurements and Certified Sonographer Measurements
Authors: Gregory Ward D. , Bolaños Ricardo , Blaskiewicz Robert J. , Xiao Ting , Gavard Jeffrey A. 
Published: January 2019

ObjectivesTo evaluate the accuracy of ultrasound (US) estimated fetal weight (EFW) measurement compared with neonatal birth weight when performed by residents versus certified sonographers. The hypothesis tested was that residents and certified sonographers would not differ significantly in EFW or in EFW compared with neonatal birth weight.MethodsA retrospective chart review of 142 inpatients from July 2010 to May 2011 was conducted. Ultrasound examinations were performed by a resident physician and a certified sonographer within 7 days after the resident. Standard US measurements obtained were head circumference, biparietal diameter, abdominal circumference, femur length, estimated gestational age, and EFW. Gestational age ranged from 20 to 39 weeks. The time from US to delivery, residency year, and birth weight were collected. Measurements were compared by paired t tests, the Wilcoxon signed rank test, and repeated‐measures analysis of variance.ResultsThe US EFW by residents and sonographers showed excellent concordance with each other regardless of the neonatal birth weight. The resident and sonographer EFW each showed excellent concordance with the neonatal birth weight, and this concordance did not differ significantly between residents and sonographers for neonates weighing less than 1000 g (P = .61) and neonates weighing greater than or equal to 1000 to less than 2000 g (P = .93). The resident EFW (P < .05) and sonographer EFW (P < .01), however, were less than the neonatal birth weight for larger neonates (≥2000 g), but the degree of underestimation was not significantly different between residents and sonographers (P = .51).ConclusionsAccurate EFW is critical for prenatal management. These data support the value of a dedicated month of US training in residency programs.