bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stage I HPV‐positive oropharyngeal cancer: Should all patients receive similar treatments?
Authors: Yoshida Emi J. , Luu Michael , Mallen‐St. Clair Jon , Mita Alain C. , Scher Kevin S. , Lu Diana J. , Nguyen Anthony T. , Shiao Stephen L. , Ho Allen S. , Zumsteg Zachary S. 
Published: September 2019

BackgroundPatients with clinical stage I human papillomavirus (HPV)–positive oropharyngeal squamous cell cancer (OPSCC) according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) eighth edition classification comprise a heterogeneous group formerly classified as stage I to stage IVA according to the seventh edition of the AJCC classification. These patients historically were treated with disparate treatment regimens, particularly with respect to the use of concurrent chemotherapy.MethodsThe National Cancer Data Base was queried for patients with AJCC eighth edition clinical stage I HPV‐positive OPSCC (AJCC seventh edition stage T1‐2N0‐2bM0) who were diagnosed from 2010 to 2014 and underwent definitive radiotherapy. Concurrent chemotherapy with definitive radiotherapy was defined as chemotherapy administered within 7 days of the initiation of radiotherapy.ResultsThe current analysis included 4473 patients with HPV‐positive stage I OPSCC with a median follow‐up of 36.3 months. A total of 3127 patients (69.9%) received concurrent chemotherapy. Concurrent chemotherapy was found to be associated with improved overall survival on multivariable analyses (hazard ratio [HR], 0.782; 95% CI, 0.645‐0.948 [P = .012]). The effect of chemotherapy on survival varied based on lymph node involvement (P for interaction = .001). Specifically, chemotherapy was associated with improved survival for patients with lymph node–positive stage I disease (stage III‐IVA according to the AJCC seventh edition: HR, 0.682; 95% CI, 0.557‐0.835 [P < .001]), but not for patients with N0 disease (stage I‐II according to the AJCC seventh edition: HR, 1.646; 95% CI, 1.011‐2.681 [P = .05]). Similar results were noted among propensity score–matched cohorts.ConclusionsTreatment with concurrent chemotherapy was associated with improved overall survival for patients with lymph node–positive, but not lymph node–negative, AJCC eighth edition stage I HPV‐positive OPSCC undergoing definitive radiotherapy, thereby supporting different treatment paradigms for these patients.
Severity of reduced bone mineral density and risk of fractures in long‐term survivors of childhood leukemia and lymphoma undergoing guideline‐recommended surveillance for bone health
Authors: Bloomhardt Hadley M. , Sint Kyaw , Ross Wilhelmenia L. , Rotatori Jaime , Ness Kathryn , Robinson Cemre , Carpenter Thomas O. , Chow Eric J. , Kadan‐Lottick Nina S. 
Published: September 2019

BackgroundSurvivors of childhood leukemia/lymphoma are at increased risk for reduced bone mineral density (BMD). The authors sought to determine the frequency of reduced BMD detected by off‐therapy surveillance, factors associated with reduced BMD, and the association of reduced BMD with fractures.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included childhood leukemia/lymphoma survivors attending 2 survivorship clinics who received guideline‐recommended BMD surveillance ≥2 years post‐therapy with dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry (from January 1, 2004 to August 31, 2016). Lumbar spine BMD z‐scores were height‐for‐age–adjusted. Low and very low BMD were >1 SD and >2 SDs below norms, respectively. Treatment, chronic conditions, and fractures were abstracted from medical records. Logistic regression was used to examine the association of low BMD with patient/treatment factors and fractures.ResultsIn total, 542 patients (51.5% female) with a mean age of 15.5 years (range, 4.4‐52.2 years) who were 6 years post‐therapy (range, 2.0‐35.1 years) were evaluated, including 116 who reported post‐therapy fractures. Lumbar spine low BMD was identified in 17.2% of survivors, and very low BMD was identified in 3.5% of survivors, but frequencies varied considerably between subgroups; 10.8% of survivors aged 15 to 19 years at diagnosis had very low BMD. In multivariable analyses, older age at diagnosis, white race, and being underweight were significantly associated with low BMD. Survivors with low BMD had greater odds of nondigit fractures (odds ratio, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.3‐3.7) and specifically long‐bone fractures (odds ratio, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.5‐4.7).ConclusionsIn this study of childhood leukemia/lymphoma survivors undergoing guideline‐recommended dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry surveillance, patients who were older at diagnosis, white, and underweight were at the highest risk for lumbar spine low BMD. Low BMD was associated with a greater risk of fractures, emphasizing the clinical importance of surveillance.
Hydrogen‐Bonding‐Driven Ion‐Pair Formation in Protic Ionic Liquid Aqueous Solution
Authors: Zhang Lei , Zhang Zhang , Yuan Wen‐Li , Zhao Nanrong , Zhu Qiu‐Hong , He Ling , Tao Guo‐Hong 
Published: September 2019

AbstractProtic ionic liquids (PILs) in solution especially in water have attracted more and more attention due to their unique properties. The solvation of PILs in water is important to their properties and applications. To explore the solvation of bio‐based PILs in water, acidity of 49 [AA]X amino acid ionic liquids (AAILs) consisting of 7 different cations and 7 different anions was studied as a favorable probe. The pKa values for [AA]X PILs containing same cations were obtained and discussed. The acidity strength of the [AA]X PILs varies with both cation and anion which does not follow the conventional assumption that the acidity for PILs is independent of anions. The acidic discrepancy of [AA]X PILs aqueous solution is probably mediated by the formation of ion pairs according to a revised solvation model of PILs. Quantum‐chemistry calculation was employed to unpuzzle anion's different effects on the acid balance of cations where cation‐anion hydrogen bonds play an important role. Such difference in acidity allows us to understand the formation of solvated ion pairs. This work provides an insight into the fundamental solvation of PILs from acid perspective and their influence on acidity properties for the first time.
Water Diffusion and Transport in Oil Paints as Studied by Unilateral NMR and 1H High‐Resolution MAS‐NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Di Tullio Valeria , Zumbulyadis Nicholas , Centeno Silvia A. , Catalano Jaclyn , Wagner Molly , Dybowski Cecil 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHeavy metal carboxylate degradation severely affects thousands of oil paintings. Relative humidity has been reported to accelerate the rate of the reactions. To evaluate its role further, water diffusion and molecular mobility of protons in linseed oil‐based lead white paints were studied by unilateral NMR and 1H HRMAS spectroscopy. The results indicate that exposure to high %RH for relatively long times affects the dynamics of the oil paint's mobile fraction and that the effect is more pronounced as the thickness of the film increases. It was found that the paint can absorb appreciable amounts of water and has a porosity of approximately 6 % available for the diffusion of water, for which a regime of restricted diffusion was observed. Furthermore, the presence of bound and free‐moving water, due to the possible formation of hydrated ionic‐group clusters, supports the hypothesis of a polymeric/ionomeric network, as well as regions of essentially water free to move as in the bulk. The findings allow a better understanding of the role of water as a factor activating the degradation process in linseed oil‐based lead white paints.
Optimum fluid layer thickness for heat transfer effectiveness using water‐based nanofluids—A numerical estimation
Authors: Krishnan S. Ramesh , Namboothiri V.N. Narayanan , Mathew Abin 
Published: September 2019

AbstractNanofluids are considered to be the novel method for heat transfer in heat pipes and heat exchangers. But its application in microlevel cooling systems is still limited because of the paradox that once convection onsets in the base fluid, the effectiveness of nanofluid as a heat transfer medium will be reduced. The onset of convection in the nanofluid occurs only after its onset in the base fluid which is mostly water. Hence, it is vital to estimate the fluid layer thickness of the base fluid at which convection will just onset. The problem is analyzed using the concept of the critical Rayleigh number. The study of velocity and temperature profiles in the fluid gap also gives an indication of convection in the fluid gap.
Lessons from the 2018 International Symposium on Alternatives Assessment: Advances and Reflections on Practice and Ongoing Needs to Build the Field
Authors: Tickner Joel , Simon Rachel , Jacobs Molly , Rudisill Cathy , Tanir Jennifer , Heine Lauren , Spencer Pamela , Fantke Peter , Malloy Tim , Edwards Sally , Zhou Xiaoying 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Alternatives assessment is gaining traction as a systematic method to support the informed substitution of chemicals of concern. The 2nd International Symposium on Alternatives Assessment, on 1–2 November 2018, convened nearly 150 professionals from government agencies, industry, consultant firms, academia, and advocacy organizations to advance a greater understanding of the evolving methods, practices, and challenges in the use of alternatives assessment. This article reviews highlights and lessons from the symposium, including 1) notable advances in methods, 2) shared insights from practitioners on best practices as well as inherent tensions and challenges, and 3) research and practice needs in the field that can be addressed by organizations such as the newly launched Association for the Advancement of Alternatives Assessment. Being interdisciplinary in nature, the establishment of educational frameworks across disciplines and inclusion of diverse expertise in hazard and exposure assessments, life cycle impacts considerations, design principles, and economic and engineering evaluations will ensure continued growth of the field. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2019;00:1–8. © 2019 SETAC
miR‐200c overexpression inhibits the invasion and tumorigenicity of epithelial ovarian cancer cells by suppressing lncRNA HOTAIR in mice
Authors: Yang Cuiping , Li Huihui , Zhang Tao , Chu Yifan , Chen Dengyu , Zuo Junli 
Published: September 2019

AbstractEpithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a common ovarian cancer in gynecological cancers today. It has been found that microRNAs and long‐chain noncoding RNA (lncRNA) regulate the gene transcriptional expression in cells. However, it is not well understood that the upstream and downstream regulatory molecules of lncRNA HOX antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR). The effects of miR‐200c overexpression on the invasion and nude mouse tumorigenicity, as well as lncRNA HOTAIR and snail expression of EOC SKOV3 cells, should be further explored. The expression of miR‐200c and lncRNA HOTAIR was detected by reverse transcription PCR (RT‐PCR) in EOC SKOV3 cells. The whole miR‐200c gene fragment was cloned into a lentiviral plasmid vector. The miR‐200c expression in transducted SKOV3 cells with reconstructed miR‐200c lentivirus was significantly higher than the negative control (P < .01). The lentivirus‐miR‐200c‐SKOV3 cells show that the invasion ability was significantly decreased compared with the negative control (P < .01). The nude mouse tumorigenicity was significantly decreased compared with that of the control group (P < .01). The snail protein expression in lentivirus‐miR‐200c‐SKOV3 xenograft tumor was significantly decreased compared with the negative control lentivirus‐SKOV3 group (P < .05). The miR‐200c overexpression significantly decreased the expressions of lncRNA HOTAIR and snail, but increased E‐cadherin expression in the lentivirus‐miR‐200c transducted SKOV3 cells of xenograft tumor, compared with the negative control (P < .05). The miR‐200c overexpression in SKOV3 cells with transducted lentivirus‐miR‐200c can inhibit lncRNA HOTAIR expression, decrease snail, increase E‐cadherin and significantly reduce the invasion and tumorigenicity of EOC SKOV3 cells. These results suggest that the miR‐200c and lncRNA HOTAIR could be effective therapeutic targets for human epithelial ovarian cancer treatment.
Plateaued functions, partial geometric difference sets, and partial geometric designs
Authors: Xu Bangteng 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPlateaued functions on finite fields have been studied in many papers in recent years. As a generalization of plateaued functions on finite fields, we introduce the notion of a plateaued function on a finite abelian group. We will give a characterization of a plateaued function in terms of an equation of the matrix associated to the function. Then we establish a one‐to‐one correspondence between the ‐valued plateaued functions and partial geometric difference sets (with specific parameters) in finite abelian groups. We will also discuss two general methods (extension and lifting) for the construction of new partial geometric difference sets from old ones in (abelian or nonabelian) finite groups, and construct many partial geometric difference sets and plateaued functions. A one‐to‐one correspondence between partial geometric difference sets (in arbitrary finite groups) and partial geometric designs will be proved.
Ideological profiles of US adults and their support for youth mentoring
Authors: Hagler Matthew , McQuillin Sam , Rhodes Jean 
Published: September 2019

AbstractLittle is known about the influence of political ideology and religiosity on adults’ support for youth mentoring as a strategy to address social problems. This study used latent class analysis in a large, national sample of US adults to identify underlying ideological profiles associated with support for mentoring programs. Three latent classes emerged. The attitudes of two classes, Classic Conservatives and Progressives, were consistent with traditional political conservatism and liberalism; the latter endorsed higher support for the theory of mentoring and government spending on mentoring programs. Members of the third class, Religious Outsiders, were highly religious, self‐identified as very conservative, and were highly supportive of the theory of mentoring and the use of government funds on mentoring programs. Ad hoc analyses revealed that Religious Outsiders were the most likely to actually participate in mentoring activities. These findings suggest that support for mentoring, while not universal, crosses traditional political lines.
Melatonin attenuates ER stress and mitochondrial damage in septic cardiomyopathy: A new mechanism involving BAP31 upregulation and MAPK‐ERK pathway
Authors: Zhang Jiabing , Wang Leili , Xie Wei , Hu Shunying , Zhou Hao , Zhu Pingjun , Zhu Hang 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSeptic cardiomyopathy is associated with mitochondrial damage and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) dysfunction. However, the upstream mediator of mitochondrial injury and ER stress has not been identified and thus little drug is available to treat septic cardiomyopathy. Here, we explored the role of B‐cell receptor‐associated protein 31 (BAP31) in septic cardiomyopathy and figure out whether melatonin could attenuate sepsis‐mediated myocardial depression via modulating BAP31. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to establish the septic cardiomyopathy model. Pathway analysis was performed via western blot, quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence. Mitochondrial function and ER stress were detected via enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, western blot, and immunofluorescence. After exposure to LPS, cardiac function was reduced due to excessive inflammation response and extensive cardiomyocyte death. Mechanistically, melatonin treatment could dose‐dependently improve cardiomyocyte viability via preserving mitochondrial function and reducing ER stress. Further, we found that BAP31 transcription was repressed by LPS whereas melatonin could restore BAP31 expression; this effect was dependent on the MAPK‐ERK pathway. Inhibition of the ERK pathway and/or knockdown of BAP31 could attenuate the beneficial effects of melatonin on mitochondrial function and ER homeostasis under LPS stress. Altogether, our results indicate that ERK‐BAP31 pathway could be used as a critical mediator for mitochondrial function and ER homeostasis in sepsis‐related myocardial injury. Melatonin could stabilize BAP31 via the ERK pathway and thus contribute to the preservation of cardiac function in septic cardiomyopathy.
Dioscin inhibits the growth of human osteosarcoma by inducing G2/M‐phase arrest, apoptosis, and GSDME‐dependent cell death in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Ding Qiuyue , Zhang Wenda , Cheng Cheng , Mo Fengbo , Chen Lei , Peng Guangfu , Cai Xianyi , Wang Jinglong , Yang Shuhua , Liu Xianzhe 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPyroptosis is a form of programmed cell death (PCD) that plays a vital role in immunity and diseases. Although it was recently reported that chemotherapy drugs can induce pyroptosis through caspase‐3‐dependent cleavage of gasdermin E (GSDME), the role of pyroptosis in osteosarcoma (OS) with dioscin is less understood. In this study, we explored the effects of dioscin on OS in vitro and in vivo and further elucidated the underlying molecular mechanisms and found that dioscin‐triggered pyroptosis in GSDME‐dependent cell death and that GSDME‐N was generated by caspase‐3. Furthermore, dioscin inhibited cancer cell growth by inducing G2/M arrest and apoptosis through the JNK/p38 pathway. In vivo, dioscin significantly inhibited OS proliferation. Taken together, our results demonstrate that dioscin can induce apoptosis through the JNK/p38 pathway and GSDME‐dependent pyroptosis in OS, identifying it as a potential therapeutic drug for treatment of this disease.
The long noncoding RNA ZFAS1 promotes the progression of glioma by regulating the miR‐150‐5p/PLP2 axis
Authors: Li Xiaojian , Luo Yidan , Liu Liang , Cui Sitong , Chen Wei , Zeng Ailiang , Shi Yan , Luo Liangsheng 
Published: September 2019

AbstractNumerous studies have reported that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) dysregulation is involved in the progression of many malignant tumors, including glioma. The lncRNA ZNFX1 antisense RNA 1 (ZFAS1) plays an oncogenic role in various malignant tumors, such as gastric cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of ZFAS1 in glioma has not been fully clarified. In this study, we found that the expression of ZFAS1 was upregulated in both glioma tissues and cell lines. Functional experiments revealed that ZFAS1 promoted glioma proliferation, migration and invasion, and increased resistance to temozolomide in vitro. By using online databases, RNA pull‐down assays and luciferase reporter assays, ZFAS1 was demonstrated to act as a sponge of miR‐150‐5p. Furthermore, proteolipid protein 2 (PLP2) was shown to be the functional target of miR‐150‐5p. Rescue experiments revealed that ZFAS1 regulated the expression of PLP2 by sponging miR‐150‐5p. Finally, a xenograft tumor assay demonstrated that ZFAS1 promoted glioma growth in vivo. Our results showed that ZFAS1 promoted glioma malignant progression by regulating the miR‐150‐5p/PLP2 axis, which may provide a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of glioma.
Effects of sleep disruption on stress, nigrostriatal markers, and behavior in a chronic/progressive MPTP male mouse model of parkinsonism
Authors: Xu Mo , Bohlen Jerry K. , Moore Cynthia , Nipper Michelle A. , Finn Deborah A. , Jones Carolyn E. , Lim Miranda M. , Meshul Charles K. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSleep complaints are an early clinical symptom of neurodegenerative disorders. Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) experience sleep disruption (SD). The objective of this study was to determine if preexisting, chronic SD leads to a greater loss of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) within the striatum and the substantia nigra following chronic/progressive exposure with the neurotoxin, 1‐methyl‐2‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). Male mice underwent chronic SD for 4 weeks, then injected with vehicle (VEH) or increasing doses of MPTP for 4 weeks. There was a significant decrease in the plasma corticosterone levels in the MPTP group, an increase in the SD group, and a return to the VEH levels in the SD+MPTP group. Protein expression levels for TH in the striatum (terminals) and substantia nigra pars compacta (dopamine [DA] cell counts) revealed up to a 78% and 38% decrease, respectively, in the MPTP and SD+MPTP groups compared to their relevant VEH and SD groups. DA transporter protein expression increased in the striatum in the MPTP versus VEH group and in the SN/midbrain between the SD+MPTP and the VEH group. There was a main effect of MPTP on various gait measures (e.g., braking) relative to the SD or VEH groups. In the SD+MPTP group, there were no differences compared to the VEH group. Thus, SD, prior to administration of MPTP, has effects on serum corticosterone and gait but more importantly does not potentiate greater loss of TH within the nigrostriatal pathway compared to the MPTP group, suggesting that in PD patients with SD, there is no exacerbation of the DA cell loss.
Synchrotron MicroCT Reveals the Potential of the Dual Contrast Technique for Quantitative Assessment of Human Articular Cartilage Composition
Authors: Honkanen Miitu K. M. , Saukko Annina E. A. , Turunen Mikael J. , Shaikh Rubina , Prakash Mithilesh , Lovric Goran , Joukainen Antti , Kröger Heikki , Grinstaff Mark W. , Töyräs Juha 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTDual contrast micro computed tomography (CT) shows potential for detecting articular cartilage degeneration. However, the performance of conventional CT systems is limited by beam hardening, low image resolution (full‐body CT), and long acquisition times (conventional microCT). Therefore, to reveal the full potential of the dual contrast technique for imaging cartilage composition we employ the technique using synchrotron microCT. We hypothesize that the above‐mentioned limitations are overcome with synchrotron microCT utilizing monochromatic X‐ray beam and fast image acquisition. Human osteochondral samples (n = 41, four cadavers) were immersed in a contrast agent solution containing two agents (cationic CA4+ and non‐ionic gadoteridol) and imaged with synchrotron microCT at an early diffusion time point (2 h) and at diffusion equilibrium (72 h) using two monochromatic X‐ray energies (32 and 34 keV). The dual contrast technique enabled simultaneous determination of CA4+ (i.e., proteoglycan content) and gadoteridol (i.e., water content) partitions within cartilage. Cartilage proteoglycan content and biomechanical properties correlated significantly (0.327 < r < 0.736, p < 0.05) with CA4+ partition in superficial and middle zones at both diffusion time points. Normalization of the CA4+ partition with gadoteridol partition within the cartilage significantly (p < 0.05) improved the detection sensitivity for human osteoarthritic cartilage proteoglycan content, biomechanical properties, and overall condition (Mankin, Osteoarthritis Research Society International, and International Cartilage Repair Society grading systems). The dual energy technique combined with the dual contrast agent enables assessment of human articular cartilage proteoglycan content and biomechanical properties based on CA4+ partition determined using synchrotron microCT. Additionally, the dual contrast technique is not limited by the beam hardening artifact of conventional CT systems. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Orthopaedic Research® published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Orthopaedic Research Society. J Orthop Res 38:563–573, 2020