bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between dietary carotenoids intake and fecal incontinence in American adults: evidence from NAHNES 2005–2010
Authors: Li Zhigang , Wen Zan , Cao Jiaqing , Cheng Fei 
Published: November 2024

ObjectCarotenoids represent a class of bioactive compounds with potential implications for gut health. However, the relationship between dietary carotenoid intake (DCI) and fecal incontinence (FI) remains unclear. This study aims to elucidate the association between DCI and the risk of FI.MethodsParticipants aged 20 and above from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2005–2010) were included in the study. Data on FI were derived from the bowel health questionnaire, while DCI information was obtained from dietary interviews. Survey-weighted logistic regression analysis and restricted cubic splines (RCS) were employed to evaluate the relationship between DCI, its subtypes, and FI. Weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression was utilized to assess the overall effect of DCI and its predominant subtypes. Finally, subgroup analyses were conducted.ResultThe study included a total of 11,915 participants, of whom 1,023 (7.0%) experienced FI. Logistic regression analysis revealed that, after adjusting for all covariates, there was a significant inverse association between DCI and the risk of FI (Model 2: Q4 vs. Q1, OR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.52–0.86, p = 0.003). However, among the DCI subtypes, only β-carotene was found to have a significant inverse relationship with FI (Model 2: Q4 vs. Q1, OR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.52–0.88, p = 0.005). The RCS curves indicated no non-linear relationship between DCI, its subtypes, and FI (all p-non-linear &gt;0.05). WQS analysis identified β-carotene (weight 38.2%) and lutein/zeaxanthin (weight 27.8%) as the primary contributors.ConclusionHigh levels of carotenoid intake, particularly β-carotene and lutein/zeaxanthin, are associated with a reduced risk of fecal incontinence. This discovery provides dietary recommendations for patients suffering from FI.
Post-harvest processed parsnip showed improved anti-oxidative capacity and protective potential against acrolein-induced inflammation in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Lee Kangwook , Pan Jeong Hoon , Choi La Yoon , Ju Jaehyun , Le Brandy , Williams Liana C. , Cho Tae Jin , Lee Eunjin , Yoon Ji Soo , Park Chae Lee , Kim Sang-Yoon , Yeon Sung Hum , Kim Jeonghoon , Choi Mulim , Kim Kongsik , Kim Kee-Hong , Kim Jae Kyeom 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionPost-harvest processing plays a crucial role in enhancing the bioactive properties of vegetables. This study aimed to investigate the impact of post-harvest aging on parsnip’s bioactive profile and its protective effects against acrolein (Acr)-induced inflammation, a common pollutant and irritant linked to respiratory inflammation.MethodsParsnips (Pastinaca sativa L.) were aged at 60°C for up to 30 days, with extracts collected at intervals. Total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant capacity were assessed using DPPH assays. Key bioactive compounds, including falcarindiol, DDMP, and 5-HMF, were quantified. In vitro studies used BEAS-2B cells to evaluate anti-inflammatory effects, while in vivo tests involved treating Acr-exposed mice with aged parsnip extract to observe cytokine responses.ResultsAged parsnip extracts showed a 9.96-fold increase in TPC and a 4.25-fold increase in antioxidant capacity after 30 days. Bioactive compounds significantly increased in aged samples, especially falcarindiol and 5-HMF. In vitro, aged parsnip reduced Acr-induced TNF-α and IL-1β expression. In vivo, treated mice showed reduced bronchial inflammation, goblet cell hyperplasia, and cytokine expression compared to controls.DiscussionThese findings suggest that post-harvest aging enhances parsnip’s antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, highlighting its potential as a functional food ingredient for managing inflammation and respiratory health.
Gallbladder preserving cholelithotomy in children with hereditary spherocytosis complicated by gallstones: a single-center retrospective study
Authors: Tang Ran , Zhou Cheng-xiao , Yang Yong , Bian Jian , Meng Li-xiang , Wei De-cheng , Qi Shi-qin 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundGallstones are among the most common complications of hereditary spherocytosis (HS). In previous treatments, gallbladder-preserving cholelithotomy (GPC) has remained a subject of significant debate due primarily to potential risks of stone recurrence. However, past studies have often overlooked the impact of specific disease conditions on GPC. In this study, we reviewed the clinical data of GPC in HS pediatric patients with concurrent gallstones over a period of seven years in a single center.MethodsFrom December 2016 to April 2024, 32 pediatric patients with HS who underwent splenectomy and GPC surgery based on our inclusion criteria. Clinical pathological, and follow-up data of these patients were collected.ResultsIn terms of short-term complications, there were there were no cases of postoperative bleeding, bile duct injury. 3 cases (9.3%) experienced varying degrees of bile peritonitis. During long-term follow-up, only 2 cases (6.2%) showed recurrence of gallstones. One case of bile leakage occurred.ConclusionGPC demonstrates significant efficacy for pediatric patients with hereditary spherocytosis (HS) complicated by gallstones, showing a a low recurrence rate and high safety profile.
Integrated multi-omics analyses combined with western blotting discovered that cis-TSG alleviated liver injury via modulating lipid metabolism
Authors: Teka Tekleab , Wu Jiang , Oduro Patrick Kwabena , Li Ze , Wang Chenxi , Chen Hao , Zhang Lin , Wang Haitao , Wang Liming , Han Lifeng 
Published: November 2024

Background:Polygonum multiflorum shows dual hepatoprotective and hepatotoxic effects. The bioactive components responsible for these effects are unknown. This study investigates whether cis-2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside (cis-TSG), a stilbene glycoside, has hepatoprotective and/or hepatotoxic effects in a liver injury model.Methods: C57BL/6J mice were administered α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT) to induce cholestasis, followed by treatment with cis-TSG. Hepatoprotective and hepatotoxic effects were assessed using serum biomarkers, liver histology, and metabolomic and lipidomic profiling. Transcriptomic analysis were conducted to explore gene expression changes associated with lipid and bile acid metabolism, inflammation, and oxidative stress.Results and Discussion: ANIT administration caused significant liver injury, evident from elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels and dysregulated lipid metabolism. cis-TSG treatment markedly reduced ALT and AST levels, normalized lipid profiles, and ameliorated liver damage, as seen histologically. Metabolomic and lipidomic analyses revealed that cis-TSG influenced key pathways, notably glycerophospholipid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, and bile acid biosynthesis. The treatment with cis-TSG increased monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs and PUFAs), enhancing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) activity. Transcriptomic data confirmed these findings, showing the downregulation of genes linked to lipid metabolism, inflammation, and oxidative stress in the cis-TSG-treated group. The findings suggest that cis-TSG has a hepatoprotective effect through modulation of lipid metabolism and PPARα activation.
Exploring somatic mutations in BRAF, KRAS, and NRAS as therapeutic targets in Saudi colorectal cancer patients through massive parallel sequencing and variant classification
Authors: Aljuhani Thamer Abdulhamid , Shaik Noor Ahmad , Alqawas Rahaf Talal , Bokhary Rana Y. , Al-Mutadares Mahmood , Al Mahdi Hadiah Bassam , Al-Rayes Nuha , El-Harouni Ashraf AbdulRahman , Elango Ramu , Banaganapalli Babajan , Awan Zuhier Ahmad 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) is the leading cancer among Saudis, and mutations in BRAF, KRAS, and NRAS genes are therapeutically significant due to their association with pathways critical for cell cycle regulation. This study evaluates the prevalence and frequency of somatic mutations in these actionable genes in Saudi CRC patients and assesses their pathogenicity with bioinformatics methods.MethodologyThe study employed the TruSight Tumor 15 next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel on 86 colorectal cancer (CRC) samples to detect somatic mutations in BRAF, KRAS, and NRAS genes. Bioinformatic analyses of NGS sequences included variant annotation with ANNOVAR, pathogenicity prediction, variant reclassification with CancerVar, and extensive structural analysis. Additionally, molecular docking assessed the binding of Encorafenib to wild-type and mutant BRAF proteins, providing insights into the therapeutic relevance of pathogenic variants.ResultsOut of 86 tumor samples, 40 (46.5%) harbored somatic mutations within actionable genes (BRAF: 2.3%, KRAS: 43%, NRAS: 2.3%). Fourteen missense variants were identified (BRAF: n = 1, KRAS: n = 11, NRAS: n = 2). Variants with strong clinical significance included BRAF V600E (2.32%) and KRAS G12D (18.60%). Variants with potential clinical significance included several KRAS and an NRAS mutation, while variants of unknown significance included KRAS E49K and NRAS R102Q. One variant was novel: NRAS R102Q, and two were rare: KRAS E49K and G138E. We further extended the CancerVar prediction capability by adding new pathogenicity prediction tools. Molecular docking demonstrated that Encorafenib inhibits the V600E variant BRAF protein less effectively compared to its wild-type counterpart.ConclusionOverall, this study highlights the importance of comprehensive molecular screening and bioinformatics in understanding the mutational landscape of CRC in the Saudi population, ultimately improving targeted drug treatments.
YOLO-Ginseng: a detection method for ginseng fruit in natural agricultural environment
Authors: Xie Zhedong , Yang Zhuang , Li Chao , Zhang Zhen , Jiang Jiazhuo , Guo Hongyu 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionThe accurate and rapid detection of ginseng fruits in natural environments is crucial for the development of intelligent harvesting equipment for ginseng fruits. Due to the complexity and density of the growth environment of ginseng fruits, some newer visual detection methods currently fail to meet the requirements for accurate and rapid detection of ginseng fruits. Therefore, this study proposes the YOLO-Ginseng detection method.MethodsFirstly, this detection method innovatively proposes a plug-and-play deep hierarchical perception feature extraction module called C3f-RN, which incorporates a sliding window mechanism. Its unique structure enables the interactive processing of cross-window feature information, expanding the deep perception field of the network while effectively preserving important weight information. This addresses the detection challenges caused by occlusion or overlapping of ginseng fruits, significantly reducing the overall missed detection rate and improving the long-distance detection performance of ginseng fruits; Secondly, in order to maintain the balance between YOLO-Ginseng detection precision and speed, this study employs a mature channel pruning algorithm to compress the model.ResultsThe experimental results demonstrate that the compressed YOLO-Ginseng achieves an average precision of 95.6%, which is a 2.4% improvement compared to YOLOv5s and only a 0.2% decrease compared to the uncompressed version. The inference time of the model reaches 7.4ms. The compressed model exhibits reductions of 76.4%, 79.3%, and 74.2% in terms of model weight size, parameter count, and computational load, respectively.DiscussionCompared to other models, YOLO-Ginseng demonstrates superior overall detection performance. During the model deployment experiments, YOLO-Ginseng successfully performs real-time detection of ginseng fruits on the Jetson Orin Nano computing device, exhibiting good detection results. The average detection speed reaches 24.9 fps. The above results verify the effectiveness and practicability of YOLO-Ginseng, which creates primary conditions for the development of intelligent ginseng fruit picking equipment.
Impact of remote collaboration-based family physical activity on activity levels and quality of life in children with intellectual developmental disabilities
Authors: Shen Xin , Huang Peiying , Su Maolin , Liu Zijuan , Liu Qian , Guo Yin , Zheng Lan 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundLow levels of physical activity (PA) are prevalent among children with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). Implementing family-based physical activities as extracurricular interventions offers a promising approach to enhancing their PA levels and promoting overall health.PurposeThis study aims to explore a novel integrative strategy by combining family-based activities with school physical education classes, with the objective of enhancing PA levels and improving the quality of life (QoL) for children with IDD. Methods: A total of 36 children with IDD (mean age = 16.4 years) were randomly assigned to a 6-month intervention group (IG) or a control group (CG). Both groups received adjusted adaptive physical education, while the IG received additional family support. Assessments of PA, QoL, and the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES) were conducted at baseline, after 6 months, and at a 2-month follow-up post-intervention.ResultsThe 6-month intervention results showed that the IG had a significant increase in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) compared to the CG (p &lt; 0.001, d = 3.87) and a reduction in sedentary behavior (p &lt; 0.001, d = 2.28). Additionally, there were improvements in WHOQOL-DIS scores (p &lt; 0.001, d = 1.61) and PACES scores (p &lt; 0.001, d = 1.14). At the 2-month follow-up, the IG also showed significant improvements in MVPA, sedentary behavior, and PACES scores, all with p-values below 0.001, while no significant change was observed in WHOQOL-DIS scores (p = 0.914).ConclusionFamily-based physical activities facilitated through remote collaboration not only improved the PA levels of children with IDD and enhanced their quality of life, but also positively contributed to the maintenance of long-term healthy behaviors.
Epidemiological and genetic characterization of the influenza A (H1N1) virus in Hangzhou City in 2023
Authors: Wang Ningning , Lu Wei , Yan Li , Liu Mengru , Che Feihu , Wang Yue , Yang Chunli , Lv Mengyu , Cheng Jun , Sun Qingyang , Dai Yuzhu 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveTo explore and describe the epidemiological and genetic variation characteristics of the influenza A (H1N1) virus in Hangzhou City.MethodsRespiratory throat swab specimens collected from the fever clinic of the 903rd Hospital of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) between January and March 2023 were collected. The respiratory pathogen antigens were identified using the colloidal gold method, and those testing positive for influenza A virus antigens were confirmed and subtyped by RT-qPCR. Seventeen H1N1 isolates were selected to amplify hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) gene sequences via RT-PCR, and sequencing was completed following the identification of the amplified products. The sequenced HA and NA sequences were spliced using DNASTAR software (version 5.0), and a phylogenetic tree was constructed using MEGA software (version 11.0) for genetic characterization.ResultsA total of 2,376 respiratory samples were tested, with 680 cases testing positive for influenza A. Of these, 129 positive cases of influenza A were randomly selected for typing, resulting in the isolation of 112 H1N1 subtypes and 17 H3N2 subtypes. The HA genes of 17 strains of influenza A (H1N1) were randomly selected for amino acid homology comparisons with two vaccine strains recommended by the WHO for 2023 (A/Wisconsin/67/2022 (H1N1) and A/Victoria/4897/2022 (H1N1)). The HA gene results showed identities of 98.24 to 98.65% and 98.41 to 98.82%, respectively, and the NA gene results were 98.79 to 99.15% and 98.94 to 99.29%, respectively. Fourteen amino acid sites were altered in the HA gene of the 17 strains, with some strains contributing to the Sa and Ca antigenic determinants, respectively. Seventeen strains had mutations in the NA gene at sites 13, 50, 200, 339, 382, and 469. The sequenced strains, vaccine strains, and some 2023 domestic representative strains independently formed a branch 6B.1A.5a.2a.ConclusionThe continuous evolutionary mutations of the H1N1 virus genes in Hangzhou City suggest the possibility of the virus escaping from the immune response. This study provides an experimental basis for evaluating the protective effect of the vaccine and formulating preventive measures against influenza in Hangzhou City.
Service product family optimization design for demand-driven older adult home care
Authors: Yu Chao , Zhao Pengfei 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionDiversification of demand leads to a wide range of older adults home care services and services market flexibility. In order to quickly respond to changing market demand, during the standard functioning of individual services, enterprises will choose the optimal combination of packages to meet the market’s expected demand and preferences to ensure that the enterprise can be in the uncertainty of the market regulation and has a relatively stable source of customers. The ability of companies to design older adults care service product families based on their operational strategy and financial position, thereby increasing their ability to enter emerging markets, is a key challenge.MethodsFirstly, the demand of the initial older adults group is obtained. Secondly, the attributes of each service item are classified using the Kano model. Finally, the actual operation constraints of the enterprise are incorporated, taking into account customer preference. Critical configuration problems such as module type, customer demand, probability of selection, and cost are also considered. The genetic algorithm is used to maximize the enterprise profit while considering customer preference. The efficacy of the approach is illustrated by the design exemplification of an older adult home care services firm.ResultsThis research suggests a novel method to product family design for older adults care services. The method determine the optimal older adults home care service product architecture system.DiscussionThe article discusses three aspects of model parameters, potential constraints and extended application of the model for different contexts to expand the applicability and relevance of the study.
Risk factors of fatigue among community-dwelling older adults in Bahir Dar, Northwest Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Mekuria Belayneh Addis , Fentanew Molla , Anteneh Yeshambel Ejigu , Suleman Jemal , Belet Yihalem , Getie Kefale , Melese Haimanot , Sefiwu Zinabu Fiseha , Takele Mihret Dejen , Cherkos Kassahun , Gebeyehu Muluneh Assefa , Jember Belay Gashaw 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundFatigue is defined as subjective fatigue and a decline in physical and mental activity that does not improve with rest. Fatigue among older adults could lead to future comorbidity, mortality, decreased social interaction, greater strain on families, decreased productivity, and a higher need for hospitalization and rehabilitation. However, no studies have been conducted in Africa, particularly in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and factors of fatigue among older adults.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional study of 605 older adults was carried out using a single-stage cluster sampling technique. The Chalder Fatigue Scale (CFS) was used to assess fatigue, and data were collected through an interview. The collected data were coded, cleaned, and entered into EpiData version 4.6 and exported to SPSS Version 25 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. Variables in the final multivariate logistic regression model with a 95% confidence interval (CI) and a p-value of 0.05 were considered statistically significant.ResultsThe prevalence of fatigue among older adults was 37.9% (95% CI, 34–41.90). Significant risk factors included older age [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 6.13, CI = 3.25–11.58], the presence of two or more comorbidities (AOR = 5.68, CI = 2.97–10.83), physical inactivity (AOR = 3.33, CI = 1.56–7.12), poor social support (AOR = 2.83, CI = 1.61–4.96), insomnia (AOR = 5.48, CI = 3.38–8.88), and depression (AOR = 2.65, CI = 1.60–4.36).ConclusionThe prevalence of fatigue among older adults was noticeable, and it was summarized as a public health issue among older adults in the study area. Our study findings revealed that older age, the presence of comorbidities, physical inactivity, poor social support, insomnia, and depression were all risk factors for fatigue among community-dwelling older adults.
The help-seeking process and predictors of mental health care use among individuals with depressive symptoms: a machine learning approach
Authors: Juergensen Vanessa , Peter Lina-Jolien , Steyrl David , Lor Cindy Sumaly , Bui Anh Phi , McLaren Thomas , Muehlan Holger , Tomczyk Samuel , Schmidt Silke , Schomerus Georg 
Published: November 2024

PurposeThe goal of the study was to identify the most important influences on professional healthcare use of people with depressive symptoms. We incorporated findings from research areas of health behaviors, stigma, and motivation to predict the help-seeking process variables from a wide range of personal factors and attitudes.MethodsA sample of 1,368 adults with untreated depressive symptoms participated in an online survey with three-and six-month follow-ups. We conducted multiple linear regressions for (a) help-seeking attitudes, and (b) help-seeking intentions, and logistic regression for (c) help-seeking behavior with machine learning methods.ResultsWhile self-stigma and treatment experience are important influences on help-seeking attitudes, complaint perception is relevant for intention. The best predictor for healthcare use remains the intention. Along the help-seeking process, we detected a shift of relevant factors from broader perceptions of mental illness and help-seeking to concrete suffering, i.e., subjective symptom perception.ConclusionThe results suggest a spectrum of influencing factors ranging from personal, self-determined factors to socially normalized factors. We discuss social influences on professional help-seeking and the use of combined public health programs and tailored help-seeking interventions.Clinical trial registrationGerman Clinical Trials Register (https://drks.de/search/en): Identifier DRKS00023557.