bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How long is required to undertake step variability analysis during running? A pilot study
Authors: García-Pinillos Felipe , Roche-Seruendo Luis E. , García-Ramos Amador , Ramírez-Campillo Rodrigo , Latorre-Román Pedro Á. 
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND: The accurate assessment of step variability remains problematic. OBJECTIVE: To determine the minimum time required for assessing spatiotemporal variability during continuous running. METHODS: Seventeen endurance runners performed a running protocol on a treadmill, with a 3-min recording period at 12 km/h. Spatiotemporal parameters (contact and flight times, step length and step frequency) were measured using the OptoGait system and step variability was considered for each parameter, in terms of within-participants standard deviation (SD) and coefficient of variation (CV%). Step variability was calculated over 6 different durations: 0–10 s, 0–20 s, 0–30 s, 0–60 s, 0–120 s and 0–180 s. RESULTS: The repeated measures ANOVA revealed no significant differences between measurements in mean spatiotemporal gait parameters ([Formula: see text] 0.396, ICC [Formula: see text] 0.90 in all parameters). The post-hoc analysis confirmed no significant differences in step variability (of each spatiotemporal parameter) between measurements. The Bland-Altman limits of agreement method showed that longer recording intervals yield smaller systematic bias, random errors, and narrower limits of agreement. CONCLUSIONS: The duration of the recording interval plays an important role in the accuracy of the measurement (i.e. variability in spatiotemporal gait parameters), with longer intervals (180 s) showing smaller systematic bias and narrower limits of agreement than shorter intervals (10 s, 20 s, 30 s, 60 s or 120 s).
Test-retest reliability and validity of the Stages mountain bike power meter
Authors: Costa Vitor P. , Tramontin Artur F. , Visentainer Luis Henrique , Borszcz Fernando K. 
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND: Stages device is an affordable power meter used by several professional and competitive cyclists. However, few studies have investigated its validity and reliability. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze the validity and the reliability of the Stages mountain biking power meter. METHODS: Twenty-six cyclists (age: 35 [Formula: see text] 7 years, VO[Formula: see text]max: 58 [Formula: see text] 7 ml[Formula: see text]kg[Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]min[Formula: see text]) completed six testing sessions within a 4-week period. Cyclists performed an incremental exercise test, a 5-min time trial (TT), and a 20-min TT in different days using the Velotron cycle ergometer attached with the power meter. RESULTS: The power output of the Stages was significantly lower during each step of the incremental exercise test (11.8 to 16.4%) and performance testing ([Formula: see text] 18%) compared with the cycle ergometer. Bland Altman plots presented high bias and limits of agreements when comparing the power output of the Stages and Velotron. In general, high coefficient of variation was found for the power and cadence of the Velotron and Stages, except for the Velotron’s power during the 20-min TT. CONCLUSIONS: The interchangeable use of the power from the Velotron and Stages is not recommended due to the observed high within-subject variation.
Studi Komparatif Pemikiran Imam Nawawi dan Yusuf al-Qardhawi Tentang Berjabat Tangan Dengan Bukan Mahram Dalam Islam
Authors: Ramdani Dani Ahmad , Sutisna Sutisna 
Published: December 2018

Abstract:Today's phenomenon that occurs in the community, namely shaking hands instead of mahram is considered normal. There are differences in views between people, there are those who forbid it and some allow it. The purpose of this study is to know exactly how the law shakes hands instead of mahram based on the thoughts of Imam Nawawi and Yusuf Qardhawi. Based on the results of the study, shaking hands instead of mahram is a difference of views between the Ulama. The majority of the Salaf and Khalaf scholars in the Syafi'iyyah School of Religion namely Imam Nawawi forbade shaking hands instead of mahram whatever the conditions and conditions. While the majority kontemporer Contemporary scholars are represented by Yusuf Qardhawi that shaking hands instead of mahram is permissible as long as there is no lust.Keywords: Shaking hands, Imam Nawawi, Yusuf Qardhawi Abstrak:Fenomena yang terjadi di tengah masyarakat saat ini yaitu berjabat tangan dengan bukan mahram menjadi hal yang dianggap lumrah. Terjadi perbedaan pandangan antar masyarakat, ada yg mengharamkannya dan ada yang membolehkannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui secara pasti bagaimana hukum berjabat tangan dengan bukan mahram berdasarkan pemikiran Imam Nawawi dan Yusuf Qardhawi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, berjabat tangan dengan bukan mahram merupakan perbedaan pandangan di antara para Ulama. Mayoritas Ulama salaf dan khalaf di kalangan Madzhab Syafi’iyyah yaitu Imam Nawawi mengharamkan berjabat tangan dengan bukan mahram apapun kondisi dan keadaanya. Sementara mayoritas ‘Ulama kontemporer diwakili oleh Yusuf Qardhawi bahwa berjabat tangan dengan bukan mahram diperbolehkan selama tidak ada syahwat. Kata Kunci: Berjabat tangan, Imam Nawawi, Yusuf Qardhawi
Perbedaan Kejadian Perdarahan Dan Infeksi Tali Pusat Yang Diikat Dengan Benang Dan Umbilical Cord Clamp
Authors: Lisfasiska Ni Made , Asiyah Siti 
Published: December 2018

The use of two different methods of tying the umbilical cord has different consequences for the emergence of the risk of bleeding and infection in the umbilical cord. This research objective is determining the differences of bleeding and umbilical cord infection that has bound with yarn and umbilical cord clamp . Population studied were all babies born in hospitals Pare and RS Gambiran on the date of July 1 to 29, 2013, by using accidental sampling technique obtained sample was 23 respondents consisting of 11 respondents from hospitals Pare and 12 respondents from hospitals Gambiran. The data was collected using observation sheets, the results are then analyzed using fisher exact. The results of analysis shown that (p = 0,522) > (α = 5%), so that there was no significant difference in the binding of a baby with umbilical cord bleeding events in hospitals and hospitals Gambiran Pare. The results of analysis shown that (p = 0,522) ; (α = 5%) , so there was no significant differences in binding of the baby's umbilical cord with the incidence of infection in hospitals and hospitals Gambiran Pare. Expected for healthcare institutions that still use nylon thread to tie the umbilical cord, can replace the use of umbilical cord clamp because of a risk of bleeding and infection was lower when care at home.; Keywords : Umbilical Cord Binding, Bleeding, Infection
AN ANALYSIS PHRASE LEVEL TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES APPLIED ON HEROES BACKGROUND IN MOBILE LEGEND: BANG-BANG GAME
Authors: Debora Ratulangi Kristanya 
Published: December 2018

This study investigated the translation techniques applied from Mobile Legend: Bang-Bang game and found the purpose of the techniques applied. This research used translation techniques theory from Molina and Albir (2002). The data were popular mobile game Mobile Legend: Bang-Bang game. The source text in English and target text in Indonesian, then analyzed the technique that was applied in heroes background that was translated into Indonesia Language. This study method was qualitative study and this study was a primary research. The result of the analysis was ten techniques are applied in the data. They are reduction, transposition, compensation, modulation, amplification, borrowing-naturalization, particularization, establish equivalent, generalization, calque. The techniques applied have purposes for translation.
Automatic Recognition of Anatomical Regions in Computed Tomography Images
Authors: Tóth Márton József , Ruskó László , Csébfalvi Balázs 
Published: December 2018

This paper presents a method that can recognize anatomy regions in Computed Tomography (CT) examinations. In this work the human body is divided into eleven regions from the foot to the head. The proposed method consists of two main parts. In the first step, a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is used to classify the axial slices of the CT exam. The accuracy of the initial classification is 93.4 %. As the neural network processes the axial slices independently from each other, no spatial coherence is guaranteed. To ensure the contentious labeling the initial classification step is followed by a post-processing method that incorporates the expected order and size of the anatomical regions to improve the labeling. In this way, the accuracy is increased to 94.0 %, the confusion of non-neighboring regions dropped from 1.5 % to 0.0 %. This means that a continuous and outlier free labeling is obtained. The method was trained on a set of 320 CT exams and evaluated on another set of 160 cases.
Mutation Pattern in Beta Thalassaemia Trait Population: A Basis for Prenatal Diagnosis
Authors: Banu Bilquis , Khan Waqar Ahmed , Selimuzzaman Md. , Sarwardi Golam , Sadiya Salma 
Published: December 2018

A total of 100 Bangladeshi beta thalassaemia carrier subjects were analysed by allele specific primers using Amplification Refractory Mutation System – Polymerase Chain Reaction. Among these, four common mutations were found in 90 cases (90.0%), five less common mutations in 9 cases (9.0%) and a rare mutation in 1 case (1.0%). Among the four common mutations, IVS1-5 (G-C) was the most common beta thalassaemia mutation and found in 63.0% cases, followed by Cd 30 (G-C) in 18.0%, Fr 8/9 (+G) in 5.0% and Fr 41/42 (-TTCT) in 4.0% respectively. Among the five less common mutations, Cd16 (-C) was found in 3.0%, -90 (C-T) and IVS1-130 (G-C) were seen in 2.0% each and remaining Cd15 (-T) and Cd15 (G-A) were detected in 1.0% each. The rare mutation was -29 (A-G), observed in one case (1.0%). With the application of this knowledge, it will help us for prenatal diagnosis and genetic counselling in Bangladesh for prevention of the disease.
Association of High Sensitive C - Reactive Protein with Severity of the Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction in Acute Anterior ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Rahman Aparna , Chowdhury Abdul Wadud , Khan Lutfur Rahman , Sabah Khandkar Md. Nurus , Amin Mohammad Gaffar , Al Azad S.M. Alauddin 
Published: December 2018

High Sensitive C-reactive protein (hs- CRP) is an established risk marker in coronary artery disease. It is a marker of inflammation activated early after Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) and its quantity depends upon extent of myocardial damage. Release of inflammatory marker occur after acute myocardial infarction leading to cardiac remodeling which clinically manifests as Heart failure (HF). Heart failure is a common complication after acute anterior myocardial infarction (AMI). The prevalence of post-infarct Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction (LVSD) ranges from 27 to 60 % and half of patients having early post-infarct LVSD subsequently develop chronic heart failure. The purpose of this study is to show association between hs-CRP with LVSD in AMI and early detection of HF. This was a cross-sectional analytical study in which hs-CRP was done among all the study subjects between 24-48 hours after onset of AMI. The study population was categorized into groups I, II, II according to the lowest to highest hs-CRP level. Transthoracic echocardiography was done between 24-48 hours of anterior ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI). Then LVSD was assessed between those three groups and searched for association. Severely reduced ejection fraction (EF) was found in patients of group III (highest hs-CRP tertile) only. Severe and moderately reduced EF and FS was found significantly more in group III and II than group I (mid and lowest hs-CRP tertile) (p<0.001). High level of hs-CRP in patient of acute anterior STEMI patients was associated with moderate to severe reduction in EF and Fractional Shortening (FS). So hs- CRP may be a prognostic marker in acute anterior STEMI complicating LVSD and early management would improved the short and long term prognosis.
Planar Array Diagnostic Tool for Millimeter-Wave Wireless Communication Systems
Authors: Famoriji Oluwole J. , Zhang Zhongxiang , Fadamiro Akinwale , Zakariyya Rabiu , Lin Fujiang 
Published: December 2018

In this paper, a diagnostic tool or procedure based on Bayesian compressive sensing (BCS) is proposed for identification of failed element(s) which manifest in millimeter-wave planar antenna arrays. With adequate a priori knowledge of the reference antenna array radiation pattern, a diagnostic problem of faulty elements was formulated. Sparse recovery algorithms, including total variation (TV), mixed ℓ 1 / ℓ 2 norm, and minimization of the ℓ 1 , are readily available in the literature, and were used to diagnose the array under test (AUT) from measurement points, consequently providing faster and better diagnostic schemes than the traditional mechanisms, such as the back propagation algorithm, matrix method algorithm, etc. However, these approaches exhibit some drawbacks in terms of effectiveness and reliability in noisy data, and a large number of measurement data points. To overcome these problems, a methodology based on BCS was adapted in this paper. From far-field radiation pattern samples, planar array diagnosis was formulated as a sparse signal recovery problem where BCS was applied to recover the locations of the faults using relevance vector machine (RVM). The resulted BCS approach was validated through simulations and experiments to provide suitable guidelines for users, as well as insight into the features and potential of the proposed procedure. A Ka-band ( 28.9 GHz ) 10 × 10 rectangular microstrip patch antenna array that emulates failure with zero excitation was designed for far-field measurements in an anechoic chamber. Both simulated and measured far-field samples were used to test the proposed approach. The proposed technique is demonstrated to detect diagnostic problems with fewer measurements provided the prior knowledge of the array radiation pattern is known, and the number of faults is relatively smaller than the array size. The effectiveness and reliability of the technique is verified experimentally and via simulation. In addition to a faster diagnosis and better reconstruction accuracy, the BCS-based technique shows more robustness to additive noisy data compared to other compressive sensing methods. The proposed procedure can be applied to next-generation transceivers, aerospace systems, radar systems, and other communication systems.
Delaying and reversing frailty: a systematic review of primary care interventions
Authors: Travers John , Romero-Ortuno Roman , Bailey Jade , Cooney Marie-Therese 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundRecommendations for routine frailty screening in general practice are increasing as frailty prevalence grows. In England, frailty identification became a contractual requirement in 2017. However, there is little guidance on the most effective and practical interventions once frailty has been identified.AimTo assess the comparative effectiveness and ease of implementation of frailty interventions in primary care.Design and settingA systematic review of frailty interventions in primary care.MethodScientific databases were searched from inception to May 2017 for randomised controlled trials or cohort studies with control groups on primary care frailty interventions. Screening methods, interventions, and outcomes were analysed in included studies. Effectiveness was scored in terms of change of frailty status or frailty indicators and ease of implementation in terms of human resources, marginal costs, and time requirements.ResultsA total of 925 studies satisfied search criteria and 46 were included. There were 15 690 participants (median study size was 160 participants). Studies reflected a broad heterogeneity. There were 17 different frailty screening methods. Of the frailty interventions, 23 involved physical activity and other interventions involved health education, nutrition supplementation, home visits, hormone supplementation, and counselling. A significant improvement of frailty status was demonstrated in 71% (n= 10) of studies and of frailty indicators in 69% (n=22) of studies where measured. Interventions with both muscle strength training and protein supplementation were consistently placed highest for effectiveness and ease of implementation.ConclusionA combination of muscle strength training and protein supplementation was the most effective intervention to delay or reverse frailty and the easiest to implement in primary care. A map of interventions was created that can be used to inform choices for managing frailty.
The Polytropic Index of Solar Coronal Plasma in Sunspot Fan Loops and Its Temperature Dependence
Authors: Prasad S. Krishna , Raes J. O. , Van Doorsselaere T. , Magyar N. , Jess D. B. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Observations of slow magneto-acoustic waves have been demonstrated to possess a number of applications in coronal seismology. Determination of the polytropic index (γ) is one such important application. Analyzing the amplitudes of oscillations in temperature and density corresponding to a slow magneto-acoustic wave, the polytropic index in the solar corona has been calculated and, on the basis of the obtained value, it has been inferred that thermal conduction is highly suppressed in a very hot loop, in contrast to an earlier report of high thermal conduction in a relatively colder loop. In this study, using Solar Dynamics Observatory/AIA data, we analyzed slow magneto-acoustic waves propagating along sunspot fan loops from 30 different active regions and computed polytropic indices for several loops at multiple spatial positions. The obtained γ values vary from 1.04 ± 0.01 to 1.58 ± 0.12 and, most importantly, display a temperature dependence indicating higher γ at hotter temperatures. This behavior brings both the previous studies to agreement, and perhaps implies a gradual suppression of thermal conduction with increase in temperature of the loop. The observed phase shifts between temperature and density oscillations, however, are substantially larger than that expected from the classical Spitzer thermal conduction, and appear to be influenced by a line-of-sight integration effect on the emission measure.
Atmospheric Circulation and Thermal Phase-curve Offset of Tidally and Nontidally Locked Terrestrial Exoplanets
Authors: Penn James , Vallis Geoffrey K. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Using an idealized general circulation model, we investigate the atmospheric circulation of Earth-like terrestrial planets in a variety of orbital configurations. We relax the common assumption of the planet being tidally locked and look at the role atmospheric dynamics can have in the observed thermal phase curve when the substellar point is nonstationary. In slowly rotating planets, a moving forcing can induce strong jets in the upper troposphere, both prograde and retrograde, sensitive to the speed and direction of the diurnal forcing. We find that, consistent with previous shallow-water model experiments, the thermal phase-curve offset is sensitive to the velocity of the substellar point moving across the surface of the planet. For a planet with a known orbital period, the results show that the observed hot spot on the planet could be either east or west of the substellar point, depending on whether the planet is tidally locked or not.
Brittle fracture resistance of reactor pressure vessel steels in the initial state
Authors: Pogorelov Yegor , Anosov Nikolay , Skorobogatykh Vladimir , Gordyuk Lyubov , Mikheev Vasiliy , Shamardin Valentin 
Published: December 2018

The authors investigate the influence of chemical and structural inhomogeneity on the brittle fracture resistance (BFR) of VVER vessel materials in the initial state (without irradiation). It is proposed to replace the brittle fracture resistance assessment using the critical brittleness temperature TC for the BFR assessment using the brittle-viscous transition temperature TT. Consideration was given to calibration charts used for studying the TT dependence on the grain size and heat treatment.
A comparison of the TC and TT values in the experimental industrial 15H2NMFA-A steel billets shows that the TC values are significantly lower than the TT values:
– at the lower level of conservatism, the difference between TC and TT is 22 °C;
– at the upper level of conservatism, this difference is 24 °C.
The array data on the critical brittleness temperature and the ductile-to-brittle transition temperature of impact test samples of 15H2NMFAA (for VVER-1000) and 15H2NMFA grade 1 (for VVER-1200) steels were statistically processed. The industrial shell samples were manufactured at the “Energomashspetsstal” plant (Kramatorsk, Ukraine).
It was found that, in the metal of VVER-1000 vessel surveillance specimens with the copper content
– less than 0.06%, heat treatment has a significant effect on the TT value, which changes from –99 to –28°C;
– from 0.07 to 0.12%, heat treatment has a significant effect on the TT value, which changes from –60 to –40°C.
Radiation-induced separation and accumulation of electric charge in supercapacitors
Authors: Stepanov Vladimir , Chernov Vladimir , Parshikov Yury , Lebedev Viktor , Kharanzhevsky Yevgeny 
Published: December 2018

In current sources with a radioactive isotope (CSRI), nuclear energy is directly converted into electricity due to the separation of electric charges during the decay of radioactive isotopes. It was previously shown that asymmetric supercapacitors can be used as CSRI prototypes if, after being exposed to pulsed reactor irradiation, the electric charge on their plates increases to several coulombs as a result of internal induced activity. In this paper, the electric charge separation and accumulation in supercapacitors were studied directly in the process of neutron irradiation.
The study was focused on the electrophysical characteristics of cylindrical supercapacitors with an organic electrolyte produced by JSC “ELEKOND”. A comparison of symmetric and asymmetric supercapacitors showed that an effective charge accumulation occurs in the asymmetric capacitors: it is independent of the neutron flux density and determined by the absorbed radiation dose. The electrical voltage between the plates of a symmetrical supercapacitor with a capacity of 100 F during irradiation up to an absorbed dose of 50 Gy reaches 1.24 mV. When asymmetric supercapacitors are irradiated with the same dose, a significant increase in the potential difference up to 1.15 V is observed during irradiation and for a long time afterwards (1.5·105 s) due to the electric charge redistribution (~ 5·10–3 C) in the electrolyte and carbon particles with the formation of a double electrical layer. The post-radiation increase in the capacity of asymmetric supercapacitors is ~ 5 mF.
The motherfucking bitch era : la transition hardcore du rap féminin aux États-Unis
Authors: Djavadzadeh Keivan 
Published: December 2018

Le rap féminin a su résister à la montée de l’hégémonie du gangsta rap dans les années 1990-2000. Les rappeuses ont non seulement rejoint les rappeurs dans la dénonciation des discriminations, mais aussi retourné le stigmate de la « bitch » et les codes du gangsta rap. Confrontées aux représentations hypersexualisantes des femmes noires, les rappeuses hardcore subvertissent le discours dominant sur la sexualité, revendiquent le contrôle sur leur propre corps et dénoncent les relations de pouvoir qui se jouent dans l’intimité. Elles ont « amené la révolution sexuelle dans le Hip hop » et poursuivi le travail de politisation du privé déjà entamé par les rappeuses de la génération précédente.