bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recurrence risk evaluation in T1N1M0/T2N0M0/T3N0M0 gastric cancer with TP53 codon 72 polymorphisms
Authors: Ohmori Yukimi , Nomura Takashi , Fukushima Norimasa , Takahashi Fumiaki , Iwaya Takeshi , Koeda Keisuke , Nishizuka Satoshi S. ,   Members of the Northern Japan Gastric Cancer Study Consortium
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundPostoperative adjuvant chemotherapy is not indicated for T1N1M0/T2N0M0/T3N0M0 gastric cancer. However, approximately 10% to 30% of these patients experience recurrence and metastasis.MethodsAmong 658 patients with gastric cancer who received gastrectomy with curative intent, 130 T1N1M0/T2N0M0 and 73 T3N0M0 patients were enrolled. Overall survival (OS) and relapse‐free survival (RFS) were analyzed based on TP53 codon 72 polymorphisms Arg/Arg, Arg/Pro, and Pro/Pro. The hazard ratio (HR) for each subgroup was compared by TP53 codon 72 polymorphisms.ResultsOf the 189 patients for whom polymorphism analysis results were available, the 5‐ and 10‐year OS was 84.9% and 65.1%, respectively. The 5‐ and 10‐year RFS was 81.8% and 65.4%, respectively. When the study cohort was divided into two groups according to polymorphism status (ie, “Arg/Arg and Arg/Pro” vs Pro/Pro), both the OS (HR, 2.799; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.071‐7.315; P = .036) and RFS (HR, 2.639; 95% CI, 1.025‐6.794; P = .044) of the Pro/Pro group were significantly lower than those for the Arg/Arg and Arg/Pro groups across the entire observation period.ConclusionsThe TP53 codon 72 Pro/Pro polymorphism may isolate a relatively high‐risk patient group in T1N1M0/T2N0M0/T3N0M0 gastric cancer.
The role of preoperative albumin‐bilirubin grade for oncological risk stratification in liver transplant patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Kornberg Arno , Witt Ulrike , Schernhammer Martina , Kornberg Jennifer , Müller Katharina , Friess Helmut , Thrum Katharina 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesAlbumin‐bilirubin (ALBI) score was shown to correlate with liver function and tumor recurrence after hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic value of ALBI grade in liver transplantation (LT) patients with HCC.MethodsPre‐LT available independent predictors of recurrence‐free survival (RFS) and microvascular tumor invasion (MVI) were determined in 123 patients with HCC.ResultsPosttransplant HCC recurrence rates were 10.5%, 15.9%, and 68.2% in ALBI grade 1, 2, and 3, respectively (P < .001). Along with serum α‐fetoprotein (AFP) and C‐reactive protein (CRP) levels, ALBI grades 1 or 2 was identified as an independent predictor of RFS (hazard ratio, 3.52; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.577‐7.842; P = .002). Furthermore, ALBI grade 3 proved to be the strongest indicator of MVI (odds ratio, 11.59; 95% CI, 3.412‐39.381; P < .001). A novel oncological risk score‐based on AFP, CRP, and ALBI grade provided the best discriminative capacity (c‐statistic 0.806) in selecting liver recipients with low oncological risk profile.ConclusionPreoperative ALBI grade seems to be valuable for refinement of oncological risk stratification at LT for HCC.
Marine heat waves, climate change, and failed spawning by coastal invertebrates
Authors: Shanks Alan L. , Rasmuson Leif K. , Valley Jenna R. , Jarvis Marley A. , Salant Carly , Sutherland David A. , Lamont Eleanor I. , Hainey MacKenna A. H. , Emlet Richard B. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTo investigate the timing and intensity of winter spawning by coastal invertebrates, we enumerated embryos in plankton samples collected in daily time series from January to March of 2014 (79 d), 2015 (73 d), and 2016 (74 d). Samples were collected near the mouth of the Coos Bay estuary in Oregon. We enumerated several hundred different morphologically distinct types of embryos and larvae representing at least five phyla. Forty‐three embryo types were abundant enough (abundance > 500 over the time series) to enable statistical analysis. Twenty of these types were identified using genetic barcoding of which there were four nemerteans, four gastropods, four chitons, five polychaetes, and two echinoderms. In winter 2014, hydrographic conditions were similar to average historical values. Conditions in 2015 and 2016 were characterized by marine heat waves (MHWs). In 2015, the “warm blob”—anomalously warm water in the Northeastern Pacific—affected conditions and in 2016, there was a strong El Niño. In 2015 and 2016, winter spawning intensity was orders of magnitude lower than in 2014 and many taxa failed to spawn (11 and 24 in 2015 and 2016, respectively); spawning appears to have been adversely impacted by the MHWs. The MHW of 2015 has been attributed to anthropogenic global climate change while the 2016 El Niño may have been strengthened by climate change. The frequency, intensity, and duration of MHW are projected to increase dramatically with global warming, which may adversely affect reproduction and recruitment by numerous marine taxa.
Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy of Laser Hair Removal With the Long‐Pulsed 755 nm Wavelength Laser: A Two‐Center Study With 948 Patients
Authors: Russe Elisabeth , Purschke Martin , Herold Manfred , Sakamoto Fernanda H. , Wechselberger Gottfried , Russe‐Wilflingseder Katharina 
Published: October 2019

Background and ObjectivesLaser hair removal is the most common laser therapy and the third most commonly performed procedure with more than one million treatments in United States in 2016. This retrospective study was conducted to assess long‐term efficacy and safety of the 755 nm laser for hair removal.Study Design/Materials and MethodsNearly, 3,606 laser treatments were performed with the long‐pulsed 755 nm wavelength laser equipped with an epidermal cooling device between 1997 and 2005 and were followed till 2013. Standardized assessments were conducted by two treating physicians and patients at two follow‐up intervals. At first follow‐up, clearance was assessed by two physicians and clearance and satisfaction by patients. At the second follow‐up, patients were assessed if hair clearance sustained compared with the first follow‐up.ResultsNine hundred and forty‐eight patients with Fitzpatrick skin types I–IV were treated with a total of 3,606 laser treatments in this study. The mean age at the beginning of the study was 35 years (±11), 95.1% of patients were female (n = 902) and 4.9% male (n = 46). Five hundred and seventy‐four patients received a minimum of three treatments and an average of 5.31 (3–16) treatments on axilla, back, bikini, breast, abdomen, face, lower extremity, or upper extremity region. First, follow‐up was conducted 3.9 (±1.5) years after the final laser treatment. Seventy‐four percent of these patients received 75–100% clearance as reported by the physician and 48% clearance as reported by the patient. Fifty‐two percent of patients reported slower hair growth and 42% change in hair texture. Ninety percent of patients treated on axilla, 82% treated on the bikini area, and 79% treated on lower extremities experienced 75% or more clearance after three treatments. Facial, as well as breast and abdomen treatments, only showed a 66% and 62%, respectively, after three treatments. For these locations, five and more treatments were needed to achieve a quote of 79% (face) or 80% (breast and abdomen) for a 75–100% clearance. Upper extremity and back treatments did not have enough physician ratings to draw conclusions. Long‐term adverse events were minimal and were all located on the face (one patient scar, four patients herpes infection). Second follow‐up of 173 patients was conducted after 11.5 years (±2.0) and 87.9% of patients reported that their improvement sustained.ConclusionsThe long‐pulsed 755 nm alexandrite laser is a safe and efficacious treatment for the reduction of unwanted body hair with permanent results and high patient satisfaction. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Evaluation of suitable reference genes for normalization of quantitative reverse transcription PCR analyses in Clavibacter michiganensis
Authors: Jiang Na , Lyu Qingyang , Han Sining , Xu Xin , Walcott Ronald R. , Li Jianqiang , Luo Laixin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractClavibacter michiganensis, the causal agent of bacterial canker of tomato, is a Gram‐positive bacterium and a model for studying plant diseases. The real‐time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (real‐time qRT‐PCR) assay is widely used to quantify gene expression in plant pathogenic bacteria. However, accurate quantification of gene expression requires stably expressed reference genes that are consistently expressed during the experimental conditions of interest. The use of inappropriate reference genes leads to a misinterpretation of gene expression data and false conclusions. In current study, we empirically assessed the expression stability of six housekeeping genes (gyrB, rpoB, tufA, bipA, gapA, and pbpA) of C. michiganensis under five experimental conditions using two algorithms, geNorm and NormFinder. C. michiganensis expressed gyrB, bipA, and gapA stably when growing in nutrient‐rich broth (TBY broth and modified M9 broth). We concluded that pbpA, tufA, and gyrB were suitable reference genes in C. michiganensis—tomato interaction studies. We also recommended bipA and rpoB to be used to study bacterial gene expression under nutrient‐poor conditions. Finally, gyrB, pbpA, and rpoB can be used to normalize the quantification of C. michiganensis gene expression while the bacterium is in the viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state. This study identified the most suitable reference genes depending on the experimental conditions for calibrating real‐time qRT‐PCR analyses of C. michiganensis and will be useful in studies that seek to understand the molecular interactions between C. michiganensis and tomato.
Role of putrescine in ovary and embryo development in fruit bat Cynopterus sphinx during embryonic diapause
Authors: Anuradha  , Banerjee Arnab , Krishna Amitabh 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of putrescine on ovarian activity and the rate of embryonic development in Cynopterus sphinx during delayed development. The result showed the presence of a rate‐limiting enzyme, ornithine decarboxylase‐1, in both ovary and utero‐embryonic unit of C. sphinx suggests a synthesis of putrescine in these sites. The corpus luteum showed increased, whereas utero‐embryonic unit showed decreased production of putrescine during delayed development as compared with the normal development. The bat treated in vivo with putrescine during delayed development showed increase in progesterone and estradiol synthesis, correlated with increased expression of luteinizing hormone receptor, steroidogenic acute receptor protein, and 3β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase through extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK1/2)‐mediated pathway in the ovary; but showed increase in the weight and expression of progesterone receptor (PR), B‐cell lymphoma 2, proliferating cell nucleus antigen, and vascular endothelial growth factor proteins in utero‐embryonic unit. The in vitro treatment of putrescine showed stimulatory whereas treatment with an inhibitor of putrescine, 2‐difluoromethylornithine caused an inhibitory effect on ovarian progesterone synthesis and cell proliferation, and cell survival in the utero‐embryonic unit. In conclusion, the putrescine showed two separate roles during embryonic diapause, high concentration of putrescine in the ovary may support corpus luteum and basal synthesis of progesterone, whereas a low level of putrescine causes retarded embryonic development by inhibiting cell proliferation in the utero‐embryonic unit. The bat treated with putrescine either directly promotes cell proliferation, cell survival, and angiogenic activities or acts indirectly increasing PR on utero‐embryonic unit thereby activating development in delayed embryo in C. sphinx.
Does asymptomatic bacteriuria increase the risk of adverse events or modify the efficacy of intradetrusor onabotulinumtoxinA injections?
Authors: Aharony Shachar , Przydacz Mikolaj , Van Ba Ornella L. , Corcos Jacques 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimTo assess the impact of asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) on the safety and efficacy of intradetrusor onabotulinumtoxinA injections in patients with overactive bladder and neurogenic detrusor overactivity.MethodsWe reviewed the medical records of patients who had received onabotulinumtoxinA between 2009 and 2014. Safety analysis was based on the appearance of urinary tract infections (UTIs), hematuria, and need for hospitalization because of related adverse event(s) in the month after injection. Patients who underwent urodynamic study before and 3 months after the first onabotulinumtoxinA treatment were included in efficacy analysis. Changes in maximal cystometric capacity (MCC), bladder compliance (BC), maximal detrusor pressure at maximal involuntary detrusor contraction (Pdetmax), and detrusor leak point pressure (DLPP) were assessed.ResultsTotally, 183 patients underwent 457 injection sessions. ASB was found in 38.8% (185) of urine cultures taken before injections. After treatment, 49 patients (with or without ASB) developed UTI. Urosepsis did not occur. The odds ratio of UTI in patients with ASB was 16.48. The efficacy cohort, consisting of 83 patients, showed that ASB had no significant effect on any of the efficacy parameters (MCC‐risk ratio [RR]: 0.93, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.72‐1.21; BC‐RR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.62‐1.24; Pdetmax‐RR: 0.9, 95% CI: 0.69‐1.21; DLPP‐RR: 1.69, 95% CI: 0.72‐3.97).ConclusionsASB is common among patients who are candidates for intradetrusor onabotulinumtoxinA treatment. ASB increases the risk of UTI, but does not heighten the risk of urosepsis, hospitalization, or therapy failure. This study should lead to the reconsideration of current recommendations.
Reasons for cessation of clean intermittent catheterization after spinal cord injury: Results from the Neurogenic Bladder Research Group spinal cord injury registry
Authors: Patel Darshan P. , Herrick Jennifer S. , Stoffel John T. , Elliott Sean P. , Lenherr Sara M. , Presson Angela P. , Welk Blayne , Jha Amitabh , Myers Jeremy B. ,   for the Neurogenic Bladder Research Group (NBRG.org)
Published: October 2019

AbstractIntroductionClean intermittent catheterization (CIC) is recommended for bladder management after spinal cord injury (SCI) since it has the lowest complication rate. However, transitions from CIC to other less optimal strategies, such as indwelling catheters (IDCs) are common. In individuals with SCI who stopped CIC, we sought to determine how individual characteristics affect the bladder‐related quality of life (QoL) and the reasons for CIC cessation.MethodsThe Neurogenic Bladder Research Group registry is an observational study, evaluating neurogenic bladder‐related QoL after SCI. From 1479 participants, those using IDC or urinary conduit were asked if they had ever performed CIC, for how long, and why they stopped CIC. Multivariable regression, among participants discontinuing CIC, established associations between demographics, injury characteristics, and SCI complications with bladder‐related QoL.ResultsThere were 176 participants who had discontinued CIC; 66 (38%) were paraplegic and 110 (63%) were male. The most common reasons for CIC cessation among all participants were inconvenience, urinary leakage, and too many urine infections. Paraplegic participants who discontinued CIC had higher mean age, better fine motor scores, and lower educational attainment and employment. Multivariable regression revealed years since SCI was associated with worse bladder symptoms (neurogenic bladder symptom score), ≥4 urinary tract infections (UTIs) in a year was associated with worse satisfaction and feelings about bladder symptoms (SCI‐QoL difficulties), while tetraplegia was associated better satisfaction and feelings about bladder symptoms (SCI‐QoL difficulties).ConclusionsTetraplegics who have discontinued CIC have an improved QoL compared with paraplegics. SCI individuals who have discontinued CIC and have recurrent UTIs have worse QoL.
Add‐on effects of tadalafil in tamsulosin‐treated patients with small benign prostatic enlargement: A randomized, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind, crossover study
Authors: Negoro Hiromitsu , Goto Takayuki , Akamatsu Shusuke , Terada Naoki , Kobayashi Takashi , Matsui Yoshiyuki , Yamamoto Takashi , Omura Tomohiro , Yonezawa Atsushi , Matsubara Kazuo , Ogawa Osamu 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimTo assess the add‐on effects of tadalafil in patients with a relatively small benign prostatic enlargement (BPE) treated with tamsulosin.MethodsFrom September 2014 to July 2018, we prospectively studied patients (aged 50 years or more) attending our hospital who had received tamsulosin for small BPE (20–40 mL) for 4 weeks at least and still had residual lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) with total International Prostate Symptom Scores (IPSS) of at least 8 and IPSS‐quality of life scores at least 3. We randomized eligible patients into two groups: one of which received tadalafil 5 mg once daily for 6 weeks, followed by placebo for 6 weeks, and the other of which received placebo followed by tadalafil in the same manner. The patients were reviewed at our outpatient clinic after 2, 6, 8, and 12 weeks.ResultsThere were 13 patients in the tadalafil‐placebo and 13 in the placebo‐tadalafil group. Their median ages (range) were 70 (65‐85) and 73 (50‐80) years, prostatic volumes (median) 30.0 (22.0‐39.7) and 32.0 (20.1‐39.5) mL, and total IPSS (median) 17 (10‐27) and 16 (10‐24), respectively. The primary endpoints, namely mean changes of total IPSS from baseline, were 1.85 on placebo and −3.42 on tadalafil; this difference is statistically significant (difference: −1.57; 95% confidence interval: −3.00, −0.69; P = .032). We encountered no adverse effects.ConclusionsAdd‐on of tadalafil for symptomatic patients with small BPE treated with tamsulosin appears to be effective and safe.
A Novel, Non‐opioid Treatment for Chronic Pelvic Pain in Women with Previously Treated Endometriosis Utilizing Pelvic‐Floor Musculature Trigger‐Point Injections and Peripheral Nerve Hydrodissection
Authors: Plavnik Kathy , Tenaglia Amy , Hill Charity , Ahmed Tayyaba , Shrikhande Allyson 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundEndometriosis is the abnormal growth of uterine tissue outside the uterine cavity that can cause chronic pain, dysmenorrhea, and dyspareunia. Although the disease is common and nonmalignant in nature, the symptoms can severely impact function and quality of life. Treatment options for endometriosis are limited and not well understood despite a growing need.ObjectiveTo determine the effectiveness of pelvic‐floor musculature trigger‐point injections and peripheral nerve hydrodissection in treating endometriosis symptoms, associated pain, and pelvic functionality.DesignRetrospective longitudinal study case series.SettingPrivate practice.PatientsSixteen female patients with biopsy‐confirmed endometriosis.InterventionsUltrasound‐guided pelvic‐floor trigger‐point injections and peripheral nerve hydrodissection performed once a week for 6 weeks.Main Outcome MeasurementsPelvic pain intensity as measured pretreatment and posttreatment by the 0 to 10 Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and the Functional Pelvic Pain Scale (FPPS).ResultsPretreatment, the mean VAS score was 6.0 (standard deviation [SD] 2.7), and posttreatment the mean VAS score was 2.9 (SD 2.6); P < .05, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.16 to 4.97. The mean total FPPS score before treatment was 14.4 (SD 5.2) and posttreatment it was 9.1 (SD 5.8); P < .05, 95% CI 1.34 to 9.28. Analysis of the subcategories within the FPPS indicated that the improvement was statistically significant in the categories of intercourse, sleeping, and working. In the category of intercourse, the mean change in score after treatment was 1.3 (P < .05, 95% CI 0.26‐2.31). In the category of sleeping, the mean change in score after treatment was 1.2 (P < .05, 95% CI 0.32‐1.99). In the category of working, the mean change in score after treatment was 0.9 (P < .05, 95% CI 0.18‐1.53).ConclusionsAnalysis suggests that the treatment was effective at relieving pain related to endometriosis; it also reflected promise in improving overall pelvic function, particularly in relation to intercourse, working, and sleeping.
The value of tumor markers in men with metastatic prostate cancer undergoing [177Lu]Lu‐PSMA therapy
Authors: Yordanova Anna , Linden Paula , Hauser Stefan , Feldmann Georg , Brossart Peter , Fimmers Rolf , Essler Markus , Holdenrieder Stefan , Ahmadzadehfar Hojjat 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundCurrently, prostate‐specific membrane antigen‐radioligand therapy (PSMA‐RLT) is considered a last‐line treatment option in advanced castration‐resistant prostate cancer. Despite these patients' poor prognosis, accurate estimation of their overall survival (OS) is essential to determine whether benefits exist from the treatment and whether the loss of valuable time and unnecessary side effects can be avoided. The aim of the present study is to evaluate whether various biochemical markers can predict OS in men undergoing PSMA‐RLT and whether the changes assessed after PSMA‐RLT correlate with the OS.MethodsThe tested tumor markers in this retrospective analysis were alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone‐specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP), prostate‐specific antigen (PSA), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), chromogranin A, and pro‐gastrin‐releasing peptide (pro‐GRP). For the evaluation, we performed blood tests before each PSMA‐RLT cycle and during follow‐up visits (which were 2‐3 months apart). All patients were followed up until their deaths. To test the correlations between the tumor markers and survival, we conducted the logrank tests and the multivariate Cox proportional‐hazards regression model. The significance level was set at P < .05.ResultsThe study included 137 patients who received a total of 487 PSMA‐RLT cycles between January 2015 and November 2017. Of the tested biochemical tumor markers, baseline ALP (120 U/L cut‐off), LDH (248 U/L cut‐off), and PSA (first quartile cut‐off) correlated significantly with survival post‐PSMA‐RLT (P < .001 for ALP and LDH, and P = .007 for PSA). Stable and/or decreased values in most of the initially abnormal parameters were associated with significantly better OS; these parameters were ALP (P = .009), LDH (P = .005), PSA (P < .001), and pro‐GRP (P = .013). The BAP and ALP responses also correlated significantly with survival in patients with bone metastases (P = .002 and P < .001, respectively). Furthermore, there was a strong correlation of the kinetic patterns of PSA, ALP, BAP, and LDH with the survival, showing that patients with steadily increasing markers had the shortest OS.ConclusionAlong with the established tumor marker PSA, ALP, LDH, BAP, and pro‐GRP were correlated with the OS post‐PSMA‐RLT in the univariate and multivariate analyses.