bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sequential facial skin rejuvenation with intense pulsed light and non‐ablative fractionated laser resurfacing in fitzpatrick skin type II–IV patients: A prospective multicenter analysis
Authors: Knight J. Matthew , Kautz Gerd 
Published: August 2018

BackgroundWhile skin aging is triggered by multiple factors and typically presents with multiple manifestations, conventional treatment regimens deploy a single treatment modality. Typical approaches exploit ablative techniques, which involve considerable patient discomfort and downtime and can induce adverse events. Non‐ablative fractionated laser (NAFL) resurfacing promotes neocollagenesis, with significantly fewer complications and discomfort. At the same time, intense pulsed light (IPL) therapies have a marked impact on skin tone, with an effect on collagen deposition. This study evaluated the combined effect of same‐day, sequential IPL‐NAFL treatment on photoaging of the face.DesignIn this prospective study, 30 patients presenting Fitzpatrick skin types II–IV, elastosis scores 3–6 and mild to moderate pigmentation, underwent three sessions, of full‐face IPL therapy, followed immediately by NAFL treatment, conducted at 4–6 weeks intervals. Wrinkle/elastosis and skin qualities were scored at 1, 3, and 6 months after the last treatment session. Immediate responses were evaluated up to 30 min following treatment and adverse events were monitored throughout the study period.ResultsWrinkle/elastosis scores gradually improved over the treatment period, with 59% of patients presenting a ≥1‐point improvement in FES scores by the 1‐month follow‐up session, which persisted also at the 6 months follow‐up visit. Good to excellent pigmentation responses were recorded for ≥63% and improvements in texture, brightness, and tightness were recorded for ≥80% of patients throughout the follow‐up period. Over 90% of the treated patients exhibited improved or much improved overall appearance. Patient scorings and satisfaction level reflected physician assessments. Treatments were well tolerated and the social downtime observed was of 1.5 ± 0.25 days.ConclusionThe same‐day combined IPL‐NAFL regimen proved safe and elicited a significant skin rejuvenating effect, in a similar manner to that shown in other same‐day combined therapies, without prolonging downtime of each individual modality. Lasers Surg. Med. 51:141–149, 2019. © 2018 The Authors. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Nodal solutions for resonant and superlinear (p, 2)‐equations
Authors: He Tieshan , Lei Youfa , Zhang Meng , Sun Hongying 
Published: August 2018

AbstractWe consider nonlinear, nonhomogeneous elliptic Dirichlet equations driven by the sum of a p‐Laplacian and a Laplacian (so‐called (p, 2)‐equation). We are concerned with both cases (singular case) and . In the first one, the reaction is linear grow near and resonant with respect to a nonprincipal nonnegative eigenvalue. In the second case, the reaction is ()‐superlinear near and has z‐dependent zeros of constant sign. Using variational methods together with flow invariance arguments, we establish the existence of nodal solutions.
TBD‐Catalyzed Ring‐Opening Polymerization of Alkyl‐Substituted Morpholine‐2,5‐Dione Derivatives
Authors: Dirauf Michael , Bandelli Damiano , Weber Christine , Görls Helmar , Gottschaldt Michael , Schubert Ulrich S. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn a two‐step synthesis, five different alkyl‐substituted morpholine‐2,5‐dione monomers were synthesized from the natural amino acids glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, and isoleucine. The heterocyclic compounds crystallize in a boat‐like conformation and are polymerized via 1,5,7‐triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec‐5‐ene (TBD)‐catalyzed ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) in tetrahydrofuran. Well‐defined polymers could be obtained from the monomers based on valine, leucine, and isoleucine at a feed ratio of M/I/TBD = 100/1/0.5. Kinetic studies of the ROP reveal that the molar masses and dispersities (Đ < 1.2) could be well controlled, as confirmed by size exclusion chromatography and 1H NMR spectroscopy. At conversions above 50%, the polymerization rate decreases and the dispersity slightly increases, presumably due to transesterification. Matrix‐assisted laser desorption time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry indicates the presence of polymer chains with α‐end groups derived from the initiator.
A fast multipole accelerated indirect boundary element method for broadband scattering of elastic waves in a fluid‐saturated poroelastic domain
Authors: Liu Zhongxian , Sun Shuaijie , Cheng Alexander H.D. , Wang YiRui 
Published: August 2018

SummaryA fast multipole accelerated indirect boundary element method is developed to efficiently solve the scattering of broadband waves by inhomogeneity in a fluid‐saturated 3D poroelastic space. Based on the single layer potential theory, poroelastic free‐space Green's functions of point force and fluid source are distributed on the scatterer surface at fictitious densities to construct the scattered waves. By using the plane wave expansion of 3D potential functions of compressional and shear waves, the multipole expansion and the local expansion coefficients are derived. Numerical results demonstrated that this proposed method can greatly improve the efficiency of traditional indirect boundary element method and reduce the memory requirement for 3D broadband wave scattering problems in an unbounded poroelastic medium. Problems of wave scattering by a spherical cavity, a group of cavities, and a canyon in a semiinfinite poroelastic space are investigated. Several notable scattering characteristics are revealed.
Antimicrobial peptide modification of biomaterials using supramolecular additives
Authors: Zaccaria Sabrina , van Gaal Ronald C. , Riool Martijn , Zaat Sebastian A. J. , Dankers Patricia Y. W. 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTBiomaterials based on non‐active polymers functionalized with antimicrobial agents by covalent modification or mixing are currently regarded as high potential solutions to prevent biomaterial associated infections that are major causes of biomedical device failure. Herewith a strategy is proposed in which antimicrobial materials are prepared by simply mixing‐and‐matching of ureido‐pyrimidinone (UPy) based supramolecular polymers with antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) modified with the same UPy‐moiety. The N‐terminus of the AMPs was coupled in solution to an UPy‐carboxylic acid synthon resulting in formation of a new amidic bond. The UPy‐functionalization of the AMPs did not affect their secondary structure, as proved by circular dichroism spectroscopy. The antimicrobial activity of the UPy‐AMPs in solution was also retained. In addition, the incorporation of UPy‐AMPs into an UPy‐polymer was stable and the final material was biocompatible. The addition of 4 mol % of UPy‐AMPs in the UPy‐polymer material protected against colonization by Escherichia coli, and methicillin‐sensitive and ‐resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus. This modular approach enables a stable but dynamic incorporation of the antimicrobial agents, allowing at the same time for the possibility to change the nature of the polymer, as well as the use of AMPs with different activity spectra. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018, 56, 1926–1934
Accessible microwave synthetized conjugated poly(azomethine‐pyridine) network and its metal complexes for CO2conversion
Authors: Brivary Mari Anne , Gómez Mónica , Iglesias Marta , Maya Eva M. 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTA conjugated crosslinked polyazomethine containing pyridine units (PAM‐Py) was prepared from two commercial monomers, 2,6‐diaminopyridine and isophthaldehyde, under microwave heating in only 30 min. Taking advantage of its thermal and chemical stability, porosity (SBETof 192 m2/g), insolubility, and ability to coordinate metals through the pyridine or imine N atoms, ruthenium‐, aluminum‐, iron‐, and cobalt‐poly(azomethine‐pyridine) complexes (PAM‐PyM) were prepared. The resulting metal polymers were evaluated as heterogeneous catalysts for the cycloaddition of CO2to epoxides yielding selectively the corresponding cyclic carbonates. All heterogeneous catalysts showed an extraordinary effectiveness with very high yields of epoxide conversion (up to 98%), turnover numbers up to 7425, and were reused at least five times without loss in catalytic activity. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem.2018,56, 1946–1952
Tunable memory performances of the porphyrin terminated hyperbranched polyimides
Authors: Tan Haiwei , Yu Huaxuan , Yao Hongyan , Song Ying , Zhu Shiyang , Tian Ye , Liu Huiling , Guan Shaowei 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTHerein, a functional hyperbranched polyimide, denoted as ATPP‐HBPI, was synthesized by termination of polyamic acid with 5‐(4‐aminophenyl)‐10, 15, 20‐triphenylporphyrin (ATPP) and chemical imidization. Subsequently, ATPP‐HBPI was coordinated with Zn ion to give Zn‐ATPP‐HBPI. In the HBPIs, the porphyrin terminals acted as the electron donor (D) and the 6FDA moieties acted as the electron acceptor (A) to promote the electron transition. Both ATPP‐HBPI and Zn‐ATPP‐HBPI exhibited good organo‐solubility and high thermal stability. They were used as the electroactive layer to fabricate the memory device with a configuration of indium tin oxide (ITO)/HBPI/Al to evaluate their bistability. The devices exhibited different memory behaviors, WORM for ATPP‐HBPI and SRAM for Zn‐ATPP‐HBPI, respectively. Optical and electrochemical experiments and molecular simulation were carried out to illustrate this phenomenon of performance transformation. The results show that the metallization of terminal of the HBPIs provides a strategy for tailoring the memory characteristics of the devices. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018, 56, 1953–1961
Decreased streamflow impacts fish movement and energetics through reductions to invertebrate drift body size and abundance
Authors: Caldwell Timothy J. , Rossi Gabriel J. , Henery Rene E. , Chandra Sudeep 
Published: August 2018

AbstractStreamflow drives ecological processes across multiple trophic levels making it a “master variable in lotic systems.” In mountain systems, especially those that are regulated, increased frequency of droughts and reductions in snowpack may alter future streamflow regimes and impact ecological processes. We monitored invertebrate drift abundance, size, and diversity as a function of streamflow. We then related these variables to fish movement and energetic efficiencies in the Upper Shasta River in California, above and below a large streamflow diversion. Invertebrate drift biomass was significantly less at impaired flows compared with unimpaired flows, and average body size of invertebrates decreased with decreasing streamflow. Generally, fish movement was greater at the impaired flow site (>50% of the time fish were tracked). Fish movement at the upstream site was negatively related to the size of individual prey items and amount of prey available, and significant drivers were not detected in the flow‐impaired site. Energetic efficiency was reduced by over 70% when search foraging took place, and the net rate of energetic intake was below 0 J/s for low‐flow periods. Our results suggest that fish foraging behaviour may be influenced indirectly by altered streamflow through changes to amount and size of invertebrate drift. A shift to foraging behaviour, coupled with low food availability, results in decreased energetic efficiency. Future prescriptions of flow rates to regulated rivers should account for changes to invertebrate drift, fish behaviour, and fish energetics on seasonal time scales.
A Microfluidic Strategy for Controllable Generation of Water‐in‐Water Droplets as Biocompatible Microcarriers
Authors: Liu Hai‐Tao , Wang Hui , Wei Wen‐Bo , Liu Hui , Jiang Lei , Qin Jian‐Hua 
Published: August 2018

AbstractDroplet microfluidics has been widely applied in functional microparticles fabricating, tissue engineering, and drug screening due to its high throughput and great controllability. However, most of the current droplet microfluidics are dependent on water‐in‐oil (W/O) systems, which involve organic reagents, thus limiting their broader biological applications. In this work, a new microfluidic strategy is described for controllable and high‐throughput generation of monodispersed water‐in‐water (W/W) droplets. Solutions of polyethylene glycol and dextran are used as continuous and dispersed phases, respectively, without any organic reagents or surfactants. The size of W/W droplets can be precisely adjusted by changing the flow rate of dispersed and continuous phases and the valve switch cycle. In addition, uniform cell‐laden microgels are fabricated by introducing the alginate component and rat pancreatic islet (β‐TC6) cell suspension to the dispersed phase. The encapsulated islet cells retain high viability and the function of insulin secretion after cultivation for 7 days. The high‐throughput droplet microfluidic system with high biocompatibility is stable, controllable, and flexible, which can boost various chemical and biological applications, such as bio‐oriented microparticles synthesizing, microcarriers fabricating, tissue engineering, etc.
From early nutrition and later development...to underlying mechanisms and optimal health
Authors: Dauncey M. J. 
Published: August 2018

‘Life is a country that the old have seen, and lived in. Those who have to travel through it can only learn the way from them.’Joseph Joubert, 1842This quotation is perhaps especially appropriate when considering the extensive contributions made by Professor McCance and Dr Widdowson to the field of early nutrition and later development. A detailed knowledge of their work in this area is of undoubted value both in interpreting many recent findings and in the design of new investigations. The first part of this paper presents a brief overview of some of their most significant studies. Their implications at both the fundamental and applied levels are then discussed, especially in relation to the role of nutrition in health and disease. Finally, potential mechanisms by which development may be modified by early nutrition are considered.
Processing unambiguous verbal passives in German
Authors: GRILLO NINO , ALEXIADOU ARTEMIS , GEHRKE BERIT , HIRSCH NILS , PAOLAZZI CATERINA , SANTI ANDREA 
Published: August 2018

Passivization played a central role in shaping both linguistic theory and psycholinguistic approaches to sentence processing, language acquisition and impairment. We present the results of two experiments that simultaneously test online processing (self-paced reading) and offline comprehension (through comprehension questions) of passives in German while also manipulating the event structure of the predicates used. In contrast to English, German passives are unambiguously verbal, allowing for the study of passivization independent of a confound in the degree of interpretive ambiguity (verbal/adjectival). In English, this ambiguity interacts with event structure, with passives of stative predicates naturally receiving an adjectival interpretation. In a recent study, Paolazzi et al. (2015, 2016) showed that in contrast to the mainstream theoretical perspective, passive sentences are not inherently harder to process than actives. Complexity of passivization in English is tied to the aspectual class of the verbal predicate passivized: with eventive predicates, passives are read faster (as hinted at in previous literature) and generate no comprehension difficulties (in contrast to previous findings with mixed predicates). Complexity effects with passivization, in turn, are only found with stative predicates. The asymmetry is claimed to stem from the temporary adjectival/verbal ambiguity of stative passives in English. We predict that the observed difficulty with English stative passives disappears in German, given that in this language the passive construction under investigation is unambiguously verbal. The results support this prediction: both offline and online there was no difficulty with passivization, under either eventive or stative predicates. In fact, passives and their rich morphology eased parsing across both types of predicates.
Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten zwischen Körperdysmorpher Störung und Olfaktorischer Referenzstörung
Authors: Schmidt René , Grocholewski Anja 
Published: August 2018

Zusammenfassung. Theorie: Die Körperdysmorphe Störung (KDS) und die Olfaktorische Referenzstörung (ORS) überschneiden sich nach klinischen Beobachtungen in verschiedenen Bereichen, ohne dass es bisher Untersuchungen hierzu gibt. Fragestellung: Unterscheiden sich Personen mit KDS oder ORS und eine psychisch gesunde Vergleichsgruppe in Hinblick auf soziale Ängste, wahnhafte Symptome, körperbezogene Emotionen und interpersonelle Probleme? Methode: Wir führten Interview- und Fragebogenerhebungen an n = 21 ORS-Betroffenen, n = 21 KDS-Betroffen und n = 21 gesunden Vergleichspersonen durch. Ergebnisse: Es existieren Gruppenunterschiede hinsichtlich sozialphobischer und wahnhafter Symptome, körperbezogener Emotionen und interpersoneller Probleme, wobei die KDS-Gruppe die höchsten Skalenmittelwerte erzielte. ORS-Betroffene berichteten häufiger von positiven körperbezogenen Emotionen als KDS-Betroffene. Schlussfolgerungen: Soziale Interaktionsangst und ein selbstunsicheres / unterwürfiges Interaktionsverhalten könnten für eine gemeinsame Grundlage beider Störungen sprechen. Die Unterschiede körperbezogener Emotionen könnten ein Unterscheidungsmerkmal sein.
Mitigation of Global Cooling by Stratospheric Chemistry Feedbacks in a Simulation of the Last Glacial Maximum
Authors: Noda Satoshi , Kodera Kunihiko , Adachi Yukimasa , Deushi Makoto , Kitoh Akio , Mizuta Ryo , Murakami Shigenori , Yoshida Kohei , Yoden Shigeo 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe impact of changes in the stratospheric ozone profile in the Last Glacial Maximum simulation under reduced atmospheric CO2 concentrations and different orbital elements is investigated using an Earth System Model. For this, simulations including an interactive atmospheric chemistry scheme is compared with simulations using the prescribed ozone profile for a preindustrial control run of the fifth Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). The contribution of the interactive chemistry reveals a significant warming of zonal mean surface temperature, +0.5 K (approximately 20%) in the tropics and up to +1.6 K in high latitudes. In the tropics, this mitigation of global cooling is related to longwave radiative feedbacks associated with circulation‐driven increases in the lower stratospheric ozone and in the stratospheric water vapor, and related decrease in cirrus clouds. The mechanisms are of opposite sign to and consistent with those obtained by increased CO2 simulations. In high latitude, the stronger mitigation of cooling is associated with sea ice retreat, which has the same sign to and is consistent with our previous paleoclimate simulation of the mid‐Holocene (CO2 concentration of 280 ppm and orbital element change) including interactive chemistry. Most previous Last Glacial Maximum simulations with the prescribed ozone profile exhibited cold bias in the tropics compared with geological proxy data, whereas this bias is reduced in our simulations through the use of the interactive ozone chemistry , although a warmer bias in the midlatitude is enhanced. We recommend climate models to include ozone profiles that are consistent with CO2 concentrations and solar forcing.
Evolution of the Ridges of Midelt‐Errachidia Section in the High Atlas Revealed by Paleomagnetic Data
Authors: Torres‐López S. , Casas A. M. , Villalaín J. J. , Moussaid B. , Ruiz Martínez V. C. , El‐Ouardi H. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractNew paleomagnetic data (43 sites) from Mesozoic sediments are contributed in this work, verifying the presence of a pervasive syntectonic Early Cretaceous remagnetization in the easternmost area of the Moroccan High Atlas. Using the small circle intersection method, we have calculated the characteristic remagnetization direction (Dec: 337.3, Inc: 38.4) that fits with a 100‐Ma age, according to the Apparent Polar Wander Path of Africa. The paleomagnetic vectors of remagnetization are used to obtain the geometry during the remagnetization stage (100 Ma) of one of the most renowned geological cross sections of the High Atlas, the Midelt‐Errachidia profile. The partial restoration of the cross section at 100 Ma allows us to determine the dips of the beds at the remagnetization stage in five structures (ridges or anticlines). Our results indicate that the five ridges that configure the Midelt‐Errachidia profile were initiated to different degrees prior to wholesale compressive deformation during the Cenozoic. This configuration can be explained according to two different scenarios that we discuss in this paper: transpression and diapirism. The geological model obtained, both at present and at 100 Ma, indicates the existence of a Mesozoic cover substantially décolled from the Paleozoic basement, what strongly contrasts with previously published transects of the same area.
Evidence of Subduction‐Related Thermal and Compositional Heterogeneity Below the United States From Transition Zone Receiver Functions
Authors: Maguire Ross , Ritsema Jeroen , Goes Saskia 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe subduction of the Farallon Plate has altered the temperature and composition of the mantle transition zone (MTZ) beneath the United States. We investigate MTZ structure by mapping P‐to‐S conversions at mineralogical phase changes using USArray waveform data and theoretical seismic profiles based on experimental constraints of phase transition properties as a function of temperature and composition. The width of the MTZ varies by about 35 km over the study region, corresponding to a temperature variation of more than 300 K. The MTZ is coldest and thickest beneath the eastern United States where high shear velocity anomalies are tomographically resolved. We detect intermittent P‐to‐S conversions at depths of 520 km and 730 km. The conversions at 730‐km depth are coherent beneath the southeastern United States and are consistent with basalt enrichment of about 50%, possibly due to the emplacement of a fragment of an oceanic plateau (i.e., the Hess conjugate).