bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suppression of Cadra cautella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) development by phytosanitary irradiation doses and their impacts on physiochemical and microbiological quality of dates
Authors: Gabarty Ahlam , Hammad Ali , Zinhoum Rasha A. , Ezz El-Dein Asmaa 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCadra cautella is a serious insect pest of stored figs and dates. The irradiation sensitivity of different development stages of C. cautella and large-scale testing of the proposed irradiation quarantine doses (50–500 Gy), were investigated. The impact of a PI dose of 400 Gy on the physiochemical and microbiological quality of dry dates (Bartamoda cv.) stored at room temperature was also investigated. An irradiation dose of 100 Gy prevented egg hatching in the F1 generation when 1–3 days old eggs were irradiated. Irradiation doses of 200 and 300 Gy prevented adult emergence when 2nd and 4th instar larvae were irradiated. When the pupae stage was irradiated, an irradiation dose of 400 Gy prevented the hatchability of F1 generation, indicating that this stage was the most radio-tolerant. The results of large-scale testing of the proposed phytosanitary irradiation dose (400 Gy) applied to 18, 0000 pupae resulted in no reproduction (zero hatching of F1 generation). There were no significant differences in the physiochemical properties of stored dates during the storage period at room temperature. Stable ESR signal intensity was recorded for 6 months in all parts of the irradiated fruits, and the intensity was highest in the kernel. The PI dose of 400 Gy also slightly reduced all microorganisms' counts. In conclusion, the dose level of 400 Gy stopped the reproduction potential of C. cautella. and they maintained the quality characteristics of dry date Bartamoda fruits during storage at room temperature for 6 months in tightly closed packages.
Improvement of some discrete Hardy inequalities with variants
Authors: Das Bikram , Chakraborty S. K. , Sadhu Rudrajit , Manna Atanu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we establish a new version of one-dimensional discrete improved Hardy’s inequality with shifts by introducing a shifting discrete Dirichlet’s Laplacian. We prove that the general discrete Hardy’s inequality as well as its variants in some special cases admit improvements. Further, it is proved that two-variable discrete
$p$
-Hardy inequality can also be improved via improved discrete
$p$
-Hardy inequality in one dimension. The result is also extended to the multivariable cases.
Enlargements and Morita contexts for rings with involution
Authors: Laan Valdis , Väljako Kristo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We study Morita equivalence for idempotent rings with involution. Following the ideas of Rieffel, we define Rieffel contexts, and we also introduce Morita

$*$

-contexts and enlargements for rings with involution. We prove that two idempotent rings with involution have a joint enlargement if and only if they are connected by a unitary and full Rieffel context. These conditions are also equivalent to having a unitary and surjective Morita

$*$

-context between those rings. We also examine how the mentioned conditions are connected to the existence of certain equivalence functors between the categories of firm modules over the given rings with involution.
Are long-lived persons utility monsters?
Authors: Ponthiere Gregory 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Nozick’s ‘utility monster’ is often regarded as impossible, because one life cannot be better than a large number of other lives. Against that view, I propose a purely marginalist account of utility monster defining the monster by a higher sensitivity of well-being to resources (instead of a larger total well-being), and I introduce the concept of collective utility monster to account for resource predation by a group. Since longevity strengthens the sensitivity of well-being to resources, large groups of long-lived persons may, if their longevity advantage is sufficiently strong, fall under the concept of collective utility monster, against moral intuition.
Insulin-transferrin-selenium supplementation improves porcine embryo production in vitro
Authors: Lin Juan , Ji Zhuqing , Zeng Shenming 
Published: November 2024

SummaryIn vitro production of porcine embryos is a complicated process that includes in vitro maturation (IVM), in vitro fertilization (IVF) and in vitro culture (IVC). Insufficient cytoplasmic maturation, slow zona reaction and improper embryo culture conditions will compromise the efficiency of porcine embryo production in vitro. Previous studies have shown that insulin-transferrin-selenium (ITS) in IVM or IVC medium could improve porcine oocyte maturation, decrease polyspermy fertilization and promote subsequent embryonic development in vitro. However, the effect of ITS both in IVM and IVC media on porcine embryo production in vitro hasn’t been elucidated. In this study, we found that 1.0% ITS supplementation in IVM/IVC media promoted the expansion of cumulus cells, raised mitochondrial membrane potential, increased ATP content and reduced ROS level in matured oocytes, improved blastocyst rate and the cell number of blastocyst, simultaneously. In conclusion, the IVM/IVC media supplemented with 1.0% ITS can improve the efficiency of porcine embryo production in vitro.
Case presentation: successful occlusion of congenital left ventricle to coronary sinus fistula
Authors: Mortezaeian Hojjat , Tabib Avisa , Pouraliakbar Hamidreza , Banazade Dardashty Amir 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCongenital left ventricle to coronary sinus fistulas are exceptionally rare, and only a few case reports of this condition exist. These fistulas may isolated or occur in conjunction with other CHDs. In this case report, we describe an 18-month-old boy who presented to our centre with a diagnosis of mitral valve insufficiency and a coronary sinus-type atrial septal defect. Upon echocardiographic evaluation, he was found to have a rare congenital left ventricle to coronary sinus fistula. Echocardiographic examination established the diagnosis. Contrary to initial suspicions, mitral regurgitation and atrial septal defect were not present. Instead, the echocardiogram revealed a left ventricular to coronary sinus fistula accompanied by dilation of the coronary sinus. These findings were corroborated by CT angiography. The fistula was then successfully occluded using a transcatheter method. Follow-up assessments at one-year post-procedure showed no complications and no evidence of significant shunting on echocardiography.
A systematic review on the efficacy of GLP-1 receptor agonists in mitigating psychotropic drug-related weight gain
Authors: Menon Trisha , Lee Serene , Gong Xuan Yi , Wong Sabrina , Le Gia Han , Kwan Angela T.H. , Teopiz Kayla M. , Ho Roger , Cao Bing , Rhee Taeho Greg , Jing Zheng Yang , Valentino Kyle , Lin Kangguang , Vinberg Maj , Lo Heidi K.Y. , McIntyre Roger S. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveMany psychotropic drugs are highly associated with related weight gain. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are established anti-obesity and glucose-lowering agents. Preliminary evidence also indicates they are fit for purpose in mitigating psychotropic drug-related weight gain (PDWG). This systematic review aims to synthesize the extant evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of GLP-1RAs on weight change in persons experiencing PDWG.MethodsOnline databases (ie, PubMed, OVID Medline, Google Scholar) were searched to identify relevant studies from inception to January 1, 2024. Articles were screened by title, abstract, and full-text by three independent reviewers against inclusion and exclusion criteria.ResultsWe identified six studies with participants aged ≥18 (n=374) that were eligible for inclusion in our systematic review. Most studies reported a significant and clinically meaningful effect of GLP-1RAs on anthropometrics and/or metabolics. All RCTs replicated the finding of modest or greater effects of GLP-1RAs; the most studied agents were liraglutide and exenatide. There was insufficient literature to conduct a meta-analysis.ConclusionEvidence suggests that GLP-1RAs are effective in mitigating weight gain in persons prescribed psychiatric medication. It is hypothesized that GLP-1RAs may moderate weight change in persons prescribed psychiatric medication through direct effects on metabolism and cognitive processes implicated in hunger/satiety. Future studies should aim to explore the long-term safety, tolerability, and efficacy profiles of various GLP-1RAs in the treatment and prevention of abnormal weight and metabolic homeostasis in psychiatric populations.
Scribes and their handnotes: The Linear B documents from Rooms 7–8 in The Mycenaean palace of Pylos
Authors: Evrenopoulos John 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates the information that can be drawn from the Linear B tablets in Rooms 7–8 (Archives Complex) and their context, which advocate the ephemeral character of these documents. The morphological and syntactical traits of the various scribes, as well as the physical characteristics of the artifacts themselves, point to non-conventional organisation patterns. The lack of systematic arrangement at all levels of scribal production raises questions regarding the likelihood of having a storage area for tablets kept in the Archives Complex (AC) for an extended period, from several months to a year. Whether these rooms could cope with storing long term (from 2–3 months up to 1 year?) an ever-increasing number of written documents is now open to question. In all aspects, the Linear B documents and their spatially limited context present us with difficulties in accepting their categorisation as an official, archival, assemblage. Moreover, all the archaeological data point to a more temporary and slipshod corpus of tablets than previously thought.
Compact and ultra-wideband high-efficiency rectifier using asymmetric coupled-line impedance transformer
Authors: Cheng Fei , Du Chun-Hong , Wu Li , Gu Chao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a compact and ultra-wideband high-efficiency microwave rectifier for wireless power transmission (WPT) applications. The input-matching-network utilizes a compact asymmetric coupled transmission line structure, contributing to wideband performance. The rectifier adopts a voltage-doubler topology, resulting in a smooth input impedance across a wide bandwidth. The working principle of the asymmetric coupled transmission line matching network is analyzed. Simulation and measurement are conducted on the proposed rectifier. The fabricated prototype demonstrates a wide bandwidth of 162.5% (0.3–2.9 GHz with the power conversion efficiency (PCE) exceeding 60% at an input power of 18 dBm. Even at an input power of 10 dBm, the measured PCE remains above 50% over the working band. The proposed ultra-wideband rectifier shows promising potential for WPT applications including wireless powering of low-power electronic devices and sensors.
Comparing Three Measures of Legislative Professionalism
Authors: Brown Adam R. , Mitchell Ellie M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe evaluate three measures of state legislative professionalism: Squire’s (1992) index that measures professionalism relative to the US House, Bowen and Greene’s (2014b) two-dimensional scaling, and legislative operating expenditures per member, an older measure that remains in occasional use. Replications of 18 recent articles show that these three measures regularly produce significantly different estimates of the effect of professionalism, particularly in longitudinal analysis; when they do, the choice of measure often affects whether other central variables retain a significant relationship with the dependent variable. These divergent results appear to reflect differences among these measures in terms of missingness, vulnerability to outliers, measurement of session length, and whether to benchmark to the US House. Researchers seeking a general indicator of professionalism should consider these differences when choosing an appropriate measure.
Trends of the Intra‐Annual Onset and End of Humid Heatwaves in the Northern Hemisphere
Authors: Dong Jianquan , Brönnimann Stefan , Hu Tao , Cheng Xueyan , Liu Yanxu , Peng Jian 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHumid heatwaves negatively affect human health due to the integrating effect of temperature and humidity, and thus the early warning and timely mitigating on climate extremes are essential. Yet, systematic assessment on the intra‐annual onset and end of humid heatwaves, which is associated to the occurrence of first and last humid heatwaves, are missing globally. Using a new station‐based data set of daily maximum wet‐bulb temperature, the start and end dates, cumulative anomaly and extremely humid heat of the first and last humid heatwaves in the Northern Hemisphere were explored. It was found that at 91.54% of stations, humid heatwaves started earlier or ended later in the period of 2001–2020 compared to 1981–2000. High cumulative anomalies of the first or last humid heatwaves were found in the mid‐ and high‐latitude regions. Average difference between all humid heatwaves and the first humid heatwaves in cumulative anomalies increased steadily at stations north of 35°N. At regional scales, South East Asia had become the most prominent area with intensification of intra‐annual onset and end of humid heatwaves and will experience more frequent extreme events by 2100. Our findings demonstrated more intensified characteristics of the intra‐annual onset and end of humid heatwaves, calling for global awareness.
Interannual Ural Atmospheric Variability Under Slow‐Varying Soil Moisture and Snow Cover: Three Quasi‐Equilibrium States
Authors: Li Dongdong , Zhang Renhe , Huang Jianping 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn Inner Eurasia, the monthly mean 850‐hPa geopotential height anomaly around the Ural Mountains exhibits a large and irregular interannual variability. Its intrinsic mechanism remains unclear. Based on a nonlinear theoretical model and reanalysis data sets during 1979–2023, we find similar qualitative and quantitative relationships, termed pitchfork‐like (PL) relationships, between the 850‐hPa Ural geopotential height anomaly in June, July, and January, and local soil moisture, snow depth water equivalent, and snow cover in the preceding months, respectively. These months are near the crest and trough of the annual cycle when surface forcing factors vary slowly. These nonlinear PL relationships reveal that the interannual Ural atmospheric variability in June and July (January) is intrinsically a transition between three (two) quasi‐equilibrium states. Moreover, when each forcing factor exceeds its critical threshold, the positive and negative anomaly quasi‐equilibrium states may occur with equal probability, implying a low predictability.
Direct Observations of Coastally Generated Near‐Inertial Waves During a Wind Event
Authors: Kelly Samuel M. , Green Erica L. , Stokes Ian A. , Austin Jay A. , Lucas Andrew J. , Nash Jonathan D. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWind over the ocean generates near‐inertial velocities. In the open ocean, horizontal variability in the inertial frequency and mesoscale vorticity generate internal waves that transport energy laterally and drive diapcynal mixing in remote locations. In the coastal ocean, horizontal variability is produced by the coastline. This study analyzes observations along a straight coastline in Lake Superior, which acts as a “natural laboratory” for the coastal ocean. Depth‐profiles of velocity, temperature, and turbulent miscrostructure were collected during a 96 hr repeat survey from 3 to 20 km offshore in Aug 2018. Wind work was 2 mW and generated 0.2 m near‐inertial velocities that were inhibited within two internal Rossby radii (6 km) of the coast. The velocities are interpreted as a superposition of a “forced flow”, which is horizontally uniform, and a “wave flow”, associated with offshore propagating near‐inertial waves. A 1D momentum equation skillfully predicts the horizontally averaged near‐inertial velocities and the TKE shear production, which matches the 1 mW observed TKE dissipation rate. The offshore propagating wave has an energy flux of 10 W (m‐coastline)−1 and a downward energy flux of 1 mW . These results suggest that most near‐inertial wind work is lost directly to TKE shear production, but some energy is transferred to offshore propagating waves that may help catalyze shear instability away from the coast.
Rhythms of the Agulhas Current Within the Framework of Energetic Anisotropy
Authors: Guo Xin , Yang Xiao‐Yi , Deng Qiang , Lin Hongyang , Wang Dongxiao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the mechanisms driving the acceleration and meandering of the Agulhas Current (AC), focusing on the role of eddy‐mean flow interactions. The analysis revealed that anticyclones originating from the Mozambique Channel and south of Madagascar played pivotal roles in accelerating the AC. Simultaneously, when anticyclones collide with the AC, they undergo processes of rotating and elongating into ellipses. In addition to the previously suggested barotropic instability induced by anticyclones, this study revealed that the merging of cyclones with the AC plays a role in the generation of meanders. Upstream cyclones reduce the horizontal potential vorticity gradient, facilitating eddies to traverse the current. The AC envelops these cyclones and flows in meandering patterns. The places where these meanders form are not exclusive to the Natal Bight. In addition, we further diagnose the kinetic energy conversion to reveal the interaction between eddy anisotropy (i.e., eddy deformation and orientation) and mean flow strain (i.e., stretching and shearing). The results suggest that the anisotropy of anticyclonic and cyclonic eddies prompts downscale KE transfer and the growth of meanders, establishing a positive feedback loop. Contrary to the findings of previous hypotheses, the acceleration of AC in turn leads to a decrease in the mean flow strain rate, exerting negative feedback on energy conversion and inhibiting the development of meanders. These two feedback mechanisms work together to determine the fate of AC meandering. The energetic anisotropy diagnosis holds potential applicability to other western boundary current systems.
Enhancing River Channel Dimension Estimation: A Machine Learning Approach Leveraging the National Water Model, Hydrographic Networks, and Landscape Characteristics
Authors: Modaresi Rad Arash , Johnson J. Michael , Ghahremani Zahra , Coll James , Frazier Nels 
Published: November 2024

AbstractKnowledge of bankfull hydraulic geometry represents an essential requirement for various applications, including accurate flood prediction, hydrological routing, river behavior analysis, river management and engineering practices, water resource management, and beyond. Our work builds upon an extensive body of literature about estimating bankfull top‐width and depth at ungauged locations to enhance the understanding of observable factors that affect these parameters. Using more than 200,000 USGS Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) records, we developed a method employing machine learning (ML) using discharge estimates and landscape characteristics from sources, including the National Water Model (NWM), the National Hydrologic Geospatial Fabric network (NHGF), the EPA stream characteristic data set (StreamCat), and an array of satellite and reanalysis data products. Our method achieved log‐transformed R2 = 0.8 predicting bankfull depth (R2 = 0.77 for in‐channel conditions) and R2 = 0.76 predicting bankfull top‐width (R2 = 0.66 for in‐channel conditions) in the testing data set. The depth and width predictions showed lowest skill in mountainous and plateau regions. Our analysis demonstrates the benefit of data‐driven modeling in contrast to other global scaling‐based or regional statistical methods. In summary, our study illustrates how top‐width and depth can be better predicted using ML, reanalysis streamflow simulations, hydrographic networks, and summarized geospatial data.
Single-shot single-beam coherent Raman scattering thermometry based on optically induced air lasing
Authors: Lu Xu , Chen Yewei , Mazza Francesco , He Siyi , Li Zihan , Huang Shunlin , Wang Quanjun , Zhang Ning , Shen Bo , Wu Yuzhu , Yao Jinping , Cheng Ya 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThermometric techniques with high accuracy, fast response and ease of implementation are desirable for the study of dynamic combustion environments, transient reacting flows, and non-equilibrium plasmas. Herein, single-shot single-beam coherent Raman scattering (SS-CRS) thermometry is developed, for the first time to our knowledge, by using air lasing as a probe. We show that the air-lasing-assisted CRS signal has a high signal-to-noise ratio enabling single-shot measurements at a 1 kHz repetition rate. The SS-CRS thermometry consistently exhibits precision of <2.3% at different temperatures, but the inaccuracy grows with the increase in temperature. The high measurement repeatability, 1 kHz acquisition rate and easy-to-implement single-beam scheme are achieved thanks to the unique temporal, spectral and spatial characteristics of air lasing. This work opens a novel avenue for high-speed CRS thermometry, holding tremendous potential for fast diagnostics of transient reacting flows and plasmas.
A multiband NIR upconversion core-shell design for enhanced light harvesting of silicon solar cells
Authors: Wang Yue , Xu Wen , Liu Haichun , Jing Yuhan , Zhou Donglei , Ji Yanan , Widengren Jerker , Bai Xue , Song Hongwei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractExploring lanthanide light upconversion (UC) has emerged as a promising strategy to enhance the near-infrared (NIR) responsive region of silicon solar cells (SSCs). However, its practical application under normal sunlight conditions has been hindered by the narrow NIR excitation bandwidth and the low UC efficiency of conventional materials. Here, we report the design of an efficient multiband UC system based on Ln3+/Yb3+-doped core-shell upconversion nanoparticles (Ln/Yb-UCNPs, Ln3+ = Ho3+, Er3+, Tm3+). In our design, Ln3+ ions are incorporated into distinct layers of Ln/Yb-UCNPs to function as near-infrared (NIR) absorbers across different spectral ranges. This design achieves broad multiband absorption withtin the 1100 to 2200 nm range, with an aggregated bandwidth of ~500 nm. We have identified a synthetic electron pumping (SEP) effect involving Yb3+ ions, facilitated by the synergistic interplay of energy transfer and cross-relaxation between Yb3+ and other ions Ln3+ (Ho3+, Er3+, Tm3+). This SEP effect enhances the UC efficiency of the nanomaterials by effectively transferring electrons from the low-excited states of Ln3+ to the excited state of Yb3+, resulting in intense Yb3+ luminescence at ~980 nm within the optimal response region for SSCs, thus markedly improving their overall performance. The SSCs integrated with Ln/Yb-UCNPs with multiband excitation demonstrate the largest reported NIR response range up to 2200 nm, while enabling the highest improvement in absolute photovoltaic efficiency reported, with an increase of 0.87% (resulting in a total efficiency of 19.37%) under standard AM 1.5 G irradiation. Our work tackles the bottlenecks in UCNP-coupled SSCs and introduces a viable approach to extend the NIR response of SSCs.