bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Red‐Zone‐Based Randomized Angular Routing Protocol for Multisource Location Privacy in IoT Applications
Authors: Nisha  , Suresh S. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe constant demand to secure the location of an asset in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) has led to the need for the development of location privacy preservation mechanisms. Source location privacy preservation, particularly for a single source has received tantamount attention in the last few years, whereas very few schemes have been discussed for securing the location privacy of multiple sources. To address this issue, in this paper, we have proposed a red‐zone‐based angular routing technique to provide location privacy for multiple sources against local adversaries who continuously eavesdrop and backtrack the packets in the network. The proposed technique termed as red‐zone‐based randomized angular routing (Red‐RAR) establishes a red zone around all the source nodes exists in the network to divert the routing path of a source node away from other source nodes. The Red‐RAR algorithm consists of four different phases that contributes in moving the packets far away from the source and maximizes the path diversity to mislead the adversary. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated through extensive experiments. The experimental results reveal that Red‐RAR outperforms the current state of the art methods in terms of efficiency measured in safety period, capture percentage, and network lifetime for four source nodes.
Gene Flow Between Populations With Highly Divergent Mitogenomes in the Australian Stingless Bee, Tetragonula hockingsi
Authors: Law Genevieve , da Silva Carmen R. B. , Vlasich‐Brennan Inez , Taylor Benjamin A. , Harpur Brock A. , Heard Tim , Nacko Scott , Riegler Markus , Dorey James B. , Stevens Mark I. , Lo Nathan , Gloag Rosalyn 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTCoadaptation of mitochondrial and nuclear genes is essential for proper cellular function. When populations become isolated, theory predicts that they should maintain mito‐nuclear coadaptation in each population, even as they diverge in genotype. Mito‐nuclear incompatibilities may therefore arise when individuals from populations with divergent co‐evolved mito‐nuclear gene sets are re‐united and hybridise, contributing to selection against inter‐population hybrids and, potentially, to speciation. Here, we explored genetic divergence and gene flow between populations of a stingless bee (Tetragonula hockingsi) that have highly divergent mitogenomes. We identified three distinct populations across the species' 2500 km range on the east coast of Queensland (Australia): ‘Cape York’, ‘Northern’, and ‘Southern’. The mitogenomes of each population showed > 12% pairwise nucleotide divergence from each other, and > 7% pairwise amino acid divergence. Based on nuclear SNPs from reduced representation sequencing, we identified at least two zones of gene flow between populations: a narrow natural zone between Northern and Southern populations (coinciding with a biogeographic barrier, the Burdekin Gap), and an artificial zone at the southern edge of the species' distribution, where Cape York, Northern, and Southern mito‐lineages have been brought together in recent decades due to beekeeping. In the artificial hybrid zone, we also confirmed that males of all three mito‐lineages were attracted to the mating aggregations of Southern queens, consistent with inter‐population hybridisation. Populations of T. hockingsi thus appear to be in the ‘grey zone’ of the speciation continuum, having strong genetic differentiation but incomplete reproductive isolation. Among the nuclear SNPs most differentiated between Northern and Southern populations, several were associated with genes involved in mitochondrial function, consistent with populations having co‐diverged mito‐nuclear gene sets. Our observations suggest that coadapted sets of mitochondrial and nuclear genes unique to each population of T. hockingsi may play a role in maintaining population boundaries, though more study is needed to confirm the fitness costs of mito‐nuclear incompatibilities in hybrid individuals.
Spatial Distribution Pattern of Aromia bungii Within China and Its Potential Distribution Under Climate Change and Human Activity
Authors: Zhang Liang , Wang Ping , Xie Guanglin , Wang Wenkai 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAromia bungii is a pest that interferes with the health of forests and hinders the development of the fruit tree industry, and its spread is influenced by changes in abiotic factors and human activities. Therefore, exploring their spatial distribution patterns and potential distribution areas under such conditions is crucial for maintaining forest ecosystem security. This study analyzed the spatial differentiation characteristics of the geographic distribution pattern of A. bungii in China using Moran's I and the Getis‐Ord General G index. Hot spot distribution areas were identified using Getis‐Ord Gi*. An optimized MaxEnt model was used to predict the potential distribution areas of A. bungii within China under four shared economic pathways by combining multivariate environmental data: (1) prediction of natural environmental variables predicted under current climate models; (2) prediction of natural environmental variables + human activities under current climate models; and (3) prediction of natural environmental variables under the future climate models (2050s and 2070s). Meanwhile, MigClim was used to simulate the unoccupied suitable area in the presence of obstacles under future climate change. The results showed that human activities, minimum temperature of the coldest month, and precipitation of the wettest month had positive effects on the distribution of A. bungii. However, in the current period, human activities drastically reduced the survival area of A. bungii, and its suitable distribution area was mainly concentrated in the eastern and central regions of China. Under the influence of climate change in the future, the habitat of A. bungii will gradually increase. Additionally, the MigClim model indicates that the area unoccupied by A. bungii has been on a continuous increasing trend. This study provides a positive reference for the prevention and control of A. bungii and the maintenance of forest health and ecosystem security, and provides important theoretical guidance for researchers, policymakers, and governments.
Evaluation of the Relationship Between Salivary Adipokine Levels With Appetite and Anthropometric Indices in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Akbarzadeh Amir Reza , Borzouei Shiva , Khazaei Salman , Jazaeri Mina 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the association between salivary adipokine levels, including leptin, chemerin, resistin and interleukin‐6, with body mass index (BMI), waist and wrist circumference and appetite in patients with type 2 diabetes.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, 104 participants were divided into three groups: 35 diabetic patients, 35 pre‐diabetic individuals and 34 healthy controls. Unstimulated saliva samples were collected using the spitting method, and salivary levels of leptin, chemerin, resistin and interleukin‐6 were measured via ELISA. Appetite was assessed using a standard questionnaire, and BMI, waist and wrist circumferences were measured with a tape measure. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 26, with a significance threshold set at 0.01.ResultsSignificant differences were found in the salivary levels of leptin, chemerin, and resistin among the three groups (p < 0.01), but no significant difference was observed in the salivary levels of interleukin‐6 (p > 0.01). Analysis also revealed significant differences in appetite traits among the groups, with the highest appetite trait observed in pre‐diabetic subjects (p = 0.0002). The salivary level of chemerin was significantly associated with appetite traits regardless of diabetic status (p = 0.009). Appetite was also significantly related to BMI (p = 0.002) and waist circumference (p = 0.001) in all subjects. However, no significant relationship was observed between appetite and fasting plasma glucose or HbA1c levels (p > 0.01).ConclusionThe results of this study indicate that salivary levels of certain adipokines, such as leptin, chemerin and resistin, may be significantly higher in diabetic patients, although this is not true for all adipokines. While pre‐diabetic patients exhibited a higher level of appetite, no positive correlation was found between salivary adipokine levels (except chemerin) and appetite or anthropometric characteristics, irrespective of diabetic status.
Macro‐Acyclic Pyrrophen Ligands for Hexadentate Coordination of Uranyl (UO22+)
Authors: Ducilon John , Hawkins Braxton , Vasylevskyi Serhii , Gorden John D. , Gorden Anne E. V. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPyrrophen ligands are acyclic hexadentate ligands containing salen‐type N donors: two phenolic O donors, two pyrrolic N‐type donors, and two oxo‐carbonyl coordinating units. Uranyl complex derivatives of pyrrophen UO2L1–2a‐c (L1=H); (L2=CH3); (L=2‐pyridinemethanol (a), N‐(2‐pyridinylmethyl) (b), N‐benzyl (c), were synthesized and characterized by x‐ray diffraction (XRD), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and UV‐vis. Each uranyl‐containing structure was found to crystalize in a hexagonal bipyramidal coordination environment. We observed solid‐state coordination deviations caused by the amide/ester substituent. The inductive effects and structural features were examined, and the effects on the bond lengths of the uranyl coordination and deviations in the ‐yl oxygen bond lengths and angles were studied.
In‐situ photo‐polymerized elastomeric composite electrolytes containing Li6.4La3Zr1.4Ta0.6O12 particles for stable operation in lithium metal batteries
Authors: Kwon Seung Ho , Kim Seongmin , Park Jinseok , Lee Michael J. , Byun Youyoung , Kim Hyun Jung , Baek Young Min , Kim Jaegyeom , Lee Eunji , Lee Seung Woo , Kim Bumjoon J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractComposite polymer electrolytes (CPEs), produced by incorporating inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) into polymer matrices, have gained significant attention as promising candidates for solid‐state lithium metal batteries (LMBs). However, the aggregation of dense inorganic fillers results in nonuniform CPEs, thereby impeding LMB performance. Here, we fabricated in‐situ photo‐polymerized CPEs by incorporating different weight ratios (0–20 wt%) of Li6.4La3Zr1.4Ta0.6O12 (LLZTO) into a polymer electrolyte system composed of poly(butyl acrylate)‐based elastomer and succinonitrile‐based plastic crystal phases. The rapid photo‐polymerization process (~5 min) enabled homogeneous dispersion of LLZTO within the CPE matrix at 10 wt% LLZTO (L10), resulting in the high ionic conductivity (1.02 mS cm−1 at 25°C) and mechanical elasticity (elongation at break ≈ 1250%) compared to those of CPE without LLZTO (L0). As a result, the L10‐based LMB with a LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathode exhibited a high capacity of 166.7 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles at 0.5C, significantly higher than those of L0 (74.0 mAh g−1) and L20 (104.8 mAh g−1). In comparison, in‐situ thermal polymerized CPE with 10 wt% LLZTO NPs showed aggregation of NPs due to slow polymerization kinetics (~2 h), resulting in inferior LMB cycling performance compared to the L10. This work highlights the importance of in‐situ photo‐polymerized CPEs with homogenous dispersion of inorganic NPs to achieve high ionic conductivity and mechanical robustness suitable for the stable operation of LMBs.image
A multicenter, cross‐sectional analysis to assess the safety and usage pattern of brivaracetam in the management of partial‐onset seizure with BAEs—BREEZE study: A post‐hoc analysis
Authors: Sharma Arvind , Korukonda Krishnaprasad , Haldar Amit , Misra Usha Kant , Anand R. V. , Dave Yakshdeep , Kulkarni Girish 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveBrivaracetam (BRV), a third‐generation anti‐seizure medication (ASM) offers strong conformational receptor domain binding, faster blood brain barrier (BBB) permeability and better tolerability making it potential therapeutic option as an initial line or initial line add‐on strategy for focal onset seizure (FoS). The following study was planned to further understand the role and relevance of BRV in the real world settings of India.MethodThis was a multicentric, cross‐sectional, and non‐interventional study conducted in patients with FoS across India. The study was approved by central independent ethics committee. Descriptive and analytical statistics employed using SPSS version 29.0.1.0.ResultsPer protocol (PP) analysis included 8479 eligible patients from 1069 sites, gender; 5771 (68.06%) male and 2708 (31.94%) female with mean age 41.21 ± 12.74 years. Total 8019 (94.57%) patients had FoS and 460 (5.43%) patients had focal to bilateral tonic–clonic seizures (FBTCs). In FoS, 4105 (51.19%) patients switched from LEV to BRV whereas 3914 (48.81%) switched from other ASMs to BRV. BAEs accounted for 2059 (50.16%) patients in LEV to BRV switch versus 133 (3.39%) in other ASM to BRV switch. Post switch, LEV‐associated BAEs reduced irrespective of being used as monotherapy 85.65% (p < 0.001) or as an adjuvant therapy 83.71% (p < 0.001) at BRV dosage of 50 to 100 mg BID. This RWE showed the utility of BRV as mono component as an initial add‐on strategy in FoS cases.SignificanceBRV remains a pertinent therapeutic choice for FoS for the treatment naïve and/or BAE cases. Exposure of LEV leads to considerable BAEs compared to patients without LEV exposure. Patients who switched to BRV due to LEV‐induced BAEs significantly improved tolerability with BRV irrespective being used as monotherapy or as adjuvant therapy.Plain Language SummaryCurrent study was planned to understand the clinical role and relevance of third‐generation anti‐seizure medication (ASM), brivaracetam (BRV) in the real world settings of India. Outcome of the study highlighted that BRV is an emerging, potential and safe ASM treatment option for epilepsy in Indian context. Many patients with epilepsy who are not able to tolerate the other ASM including levetiracetam (LEV) primarily due to behavioral side effects improves tolerability post switch to BRV, additionally results are consistent either BRV being used as an adjuvant therapy or as monotherapy therapy.
Anthropogenic effects on flood hazards in a hyper‐arid watershed: The 2015 Atacama floods
Authors: Contreras María Teresa , Nash Sebastián , Escauriaza Cristián 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAn unprecedented precipitation event in the hyper‐arid Atacama Desert of Northern Chile occurred in March 2015. Geomorphic alterations to the river channel and the coastal zone, coupled with the exceptional magnitude of the rainfall, caused catastrophic damage and loss of life. On the coast of the El Salado watershed, legacy mine tailings infilled the watershed‐ocean connection, while the river channel was altered both by tailings and urbanization. The consequences of this event resulted from the coupling of anthropogenic geomorphic changes with an unusual climate event. Lack of field data, complex geomorphology and sediment loads influenced by human activity make analysing floods in these regions especially challenging. The objective of this work is to improve our understanding of the factors that control flood hazards by using numerical simulations to reconstruct the 2015 flood in El Salado. We carry out unsteady two‐dimensional simulations fully coupled with the sediment concentration to identify the influence of tailing deposits, considering high‐resolution data of the pre‐ and post‐2015 flood topography. The results highlight the importance of specific event‐based studies, using models that can help designing better strategies for climate change adaptation and risk mitigation, while providing information for risk reduction and channel restoration.
Morphological and fish mesohabitat dynamics following an experimental flood under different sediment availability
Authors: Soto Parra Tulio , Politti Emilio , Zolezzi Guido 
Published: November 2024

AbstractExperimental floods have been increasingly used as a promising practice to rehabilitate river ecosystems downstream of dams; however, the morphological and habitat dynamics they determine under different sediment supply conditions still poses relevant research and management questions. This study investigates the morphological and fish mesohabitat dynamics following an experimental flood, in two river reaches subject to different sediment supply regimes. We chose the lower Spöl River (Switzerland) as a relevant case study, subject to an experimental flood program for several years. Downstream of the dam, a tributary supplies large amounts of sediment to the Spöl dividing the study area into two homogeneous reaches with different sediment availability but similar flow conditions during the experimental flood. We analyzed and quantified the changes in morphology and fish habitat suitability for the Brown Trout (Salmo trutta) at the mesoscale in these two reaches caused by the 2021 experimental flood, which lasted 11 h and had a peak magnitude corresponding to a 1‐year return interval in the pre‐dam flow regime. We found almost no correlation between changes in the channel morphology and in habitat suitability for this event. In the upstream reach, located immediately downstream of the dam, we observed a narrower channel with a regular longitudinal sequence featuring nearly immobile coarse rapids, interspersed with more dynamic, finer riffles. Here, reach‐scale morphodynamics and the shifts of the mesohabitat mosaic and the suitable habitats were below 10%. Conversely, the downstream reach, characterised by a wider channel and much higher sediment supply of well‐sorted, finer bed material, was dominated by alternate bar instability and migration at the reach scale, which caused a 45% shift in its pre‐flood habitat mosaic. Nevertheless, in the same reach, the overall suitability of habitats remained relatively unchanged. We attributed these different dynamics to two main factors: (i) more prolonged bedload mobility conditions and (ii) the occurrence of bar migration in the downstream reach compared to the upstream one. This study (i) underscores the critical importance of considering sediment supply from downstream tributaries when designing and monitoring the effects of experimental floods, (ii) supports the use of morphodynamic models in the related planning and monitoring phases and (iii) shows the relevance of integrating morphodynamics and eco‐hydraulic analysis to support the implementation of such flow restoration programs.
Comparative effects of intermittent and continuous simulated rainstorms on rill erosion based on photogrammetry
Authors: Jiang Yanmin , Shi Haijing , Wen Zhongming , Yang Xihua , Guo Minghang , Shui Junfeng , Wu You Fu , Paull David 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDespite artificial rainfall simulation proves invaluable for the study of soil erosion processes and model construction, it still fails to fully replicate the characteristics of natural rainfall. Currently, most artificial rainfall experiments have carried out a large number of continuous high‐intensity rainfall due to the focus on the characteristics of short duration and high intensity of natural rainstorm but have ignored the erosion effects caused by intermittent rainstorm with low intensity and long duration. In this study, two sets of artificial rainfall simulation experiments of intermittent low‐intensity rainstorm (RR1) and continuous high‐intensity rainstorm (RR2) were conducted to evaluate the effects of rainfall characteristics on erosion morphology, runoff generation and soil loss. The evolution morphology monitored by a digital close‐range photogrammetry technology demonstrated the difference between the two rainstorm regimes. The soil surface was damaged more seriously under rainfall of RR2, and the rill morphological indicators of RR1 were all less than that of RR2. As rainfall proceeded, morphological indicators except for rill width‐depth ratio gradually increased. As a result, the runoff rate and sediment yield between two regimes were distinct. The segmented and total soil loss, average runoff rate and sediment concentration of RR1 were all less than that of RR2, with the total soil loss of the two rainstorm regimes being 275 and 683 kg, respectively. Water infiltration, rainfall intensity, duration and frequency may be the main factors leading to the difference in soil loss and erosion morphology between two rainstorm regimes. The inconsistency of these factors can easily cause the deviation of understanding of soil erosion mechanism. Therefore, the comparison of erosion effects under different rainstorm regimes has important implications for the improvement of natural rainstorm simulation and the comprehensive understanding of erosion mechanism.
Review of the NRC Canada studies on fire resistance of floor assemblies: Results, design guidelines and research gaps
Authors: Zhang Linbo , Sultan Mohamed A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe National Research Council Canada conducted two major fire resistance studies on floor assemblies over the past two decades. Despite the publication of the experimental results, there is a lack of suggested guidelines for design practitioners and gaps for future research. Thus, this paper comprehensively reviews the fire resistance results of 85 full‐scale floor tests, suggests design guidelines, and identifies research gaps. These efforts aim to enhance the understanding and support the potential improvement of the fire performance of floor assemblies. The review of the results covers the impact of various design parameters on the fire resistance of floor assemblies, such as framing type and spacing, insulation type, subfloor configuration, resilient channel spacing, number of gypsum board layers, and screw spacing from the board edge. Although the interaction of these factors is complex, some of them play significant roles in determining the overall fire resistance of floor assemblies. For instance, rock and cellulose insulation outperformed glass fibre, a wider resilient channel spacing lowered fire resistance, whilst an increased distance of screws from the board edge improved the fire resistance. More importantly, detailed explanations are provided for the influences these parameters exert on fire resistance. Following this detailed examination of the results, design guidelines are provided for practitioners' consideration. A comparison is made between the experimental results and predictions from the component additive methods in the Canadian and Euro Codes, demonstrating that both methods yield conservative results. Finally, this paper concludes by identifying research gaps and providing recommendations for future investigations, including the necessity of experimental studies on floor assemblies with new design configurations and the promising role of machine learning in fire resistance evaluation.