bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trend and variability analysis of rainfall and temperature in the Tana basin region, Ethiopia
Authors: Birara Hailu , Pandey R. P. , Mishra S. K. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Global warming and climate variability are emerging as the foremost environmental problems in the 21st century, particularly in developing countries. Ethiopia is one of the countries located in the sub-Sahara region and climate variability has a significant impact on the economy of the country. The aim of this study is to characterize annual and seasonal rainfall and annual temperature variability, and to measure trends on both the spatial and the temporal scale for ten selected stations in the Tana basin region, Ethiopia. The Mann–Kendall test and Sen's slope estimator were used to assess trends and variability of rainfall and temperature. The spatial distribution of rainfall and temperature was determined using the inverse distance weighted technique. Results indicated that the amount of rainfall decreased for the majority of the stations. The annual rainfall showed significant decreasing trends with a magnitude ranging from −5.92 mm/year at Injibara to −9.74 mm/year in Wegera. However, a positive trend of annual rainfall was observed at Addis Zemen (1.81 mm/year). The minimum, maximum and mean temperatures have increased significantly for most of the stations. An increasing trend of annual maximum temperature was obtained between 1980 and 2015; an increase of 1.08°C was observed.
Improved water-management practices and their impact on food security and poverty: empirical evidence from rural Pakistan
Authors: Ali Akhter , Rahut Dil Bahadur , Mottaleb Khondoker Abdul 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Using a comprehensive data set collected through field survey of 950 farmers across Pakistan, the current study evaluates water-management practices and their impact on food security and poverty. The results show that rural households mainly adopted four water-management practices (bund making, deep plowing, the adoption of stress-tolerant varieties, and irrigation supplements) and that the wealth, education, and gender of the farmer (male) positively influences the adoption of improved water-management practices. The propensity score matching approach shows that the adoption of improved water-management practices improves wheat and rice yields, household income and food security levels, and reduces poverty levels. The food security levels of households adopting improved water-management practices are higher: in the range of 3–12%. Higher wheat yields are in the range of 26.8–70.4 kg/acre and higher rice yields are in the range of 48.4–85.2 kg/acre. Higher household income levels are in the range of rupees 2,573–4,926 and the lower poverty levels are in the range of 2–7%. Hence, agricultural policy should promote improved water-management practices among rural households.
Influence of combined sulfachloropyridazine sodium and zinc on enzyme activities and biogas production during anaerobic digestion of swine manure
Authors: Zhang Ranran , Gu Jie , Wang Xiaojuan , Zhang Li , Tuo Xiaxia , Guo Aiyun 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
In order to study the influence of different concentrations of zinc and sulfachloropyridazine sodium (SCPS) on anaerobic digestion (AD) during biogas production, we determined the levels of urease, dehydrogenase activity, and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) in batch tests. The experiments were conducted in small AD devices at a temperature of 37 °C using swine manure and wheat straw as raw materials. Four digestion trials were performed using different zinc and SCPS contents: control digestion with no additives (CK), SCPS at 630 mg kg−1 dry weight (S), SCPS at 630 mg kg−1 with zinc at 500 mg kg−1 dry weight (SL), and SCPS at 630 mg kg−1 with zinc at 5,000 mg kg−1 dry weight (SH). The biogas accumulation under S was 1.7 times that with CK, while SL and SH produced 78% and 35% of that under S, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that the accumulated biogas was significantly negatively correlated (p &lt; 0.05) with VFAs, and the urease activity was significantly negatively correlated (p &lt; 0.01) with zinc and significantly positively correlated with VFAs (p &lt; 0.05). The dehydrogenase activity was strongly correlated (p &lt; 0.01) with the biogas accumulated during the AD of swine manure.
Solar photo-Fenton with simultaneous addition of ozone for the treatment of real industrial wastewaters
Authors: Sanchis S. , Meschede-Anglada L. , Serra A. , Simon F. X. , Sixto G. , Casas N. , Garcia-Montaño J. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Simultaneous application of solar photo-Fenton and ozonation (SPFO) for the efficient treatment of real wastewaters was studied. Four different industrial effluents were selected for the study: landfill leachate, pharmaceutical effluent and two textile wastewaters, in order to demonstrate the effectiveness and versatility of the proposed technology. SPFO performance was compared with individual processes (either solar photo-Fenton or ozonation), as well as the hybrid Fenton and ozonation treatment. In highly polluted wastewaters, combined strategies led to higher organic matter removal than O3 and photo-Fenton processes applied individually. Solar light favoured catalyst regeneration, allowing removal efficiencies up to 67% of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and 62% of total organic carbon (TOC) (in the case of textile wastewaters) using an initial concentration of only 10 mg Fe2+ L−1. The reduction of catalyst consumption, along with the absence of sludge production (since Fe2+ removal from the effluent is not required), led to a significant decrease in operational costs (up to 1.22 € kg−1 COD removed) when combined Fenton and ozonation was applied under solar light. SPFO results in a versatile, effective and economically efficient technology, thus postulating as a promising alternative for reducing the organic load of highly polluted industrial effluents prior to biological treatment.
Fabrication of Electrospun Persian Gum/Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) and Whey Protein Isolate/Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) Nanofibers Incorporated with Oliveria decumbens Vent. Essential Oil
Authors: Keramat Malihe , Esteghlal Sara , Safari Javad , Golmakani Mohammad-Taghi , Khalesi Mohammadreza 
Published: May 2018

Introduction:
In this study, Persian gum/poly (vinyl alcohol) nanofiber and whey protein isolate/
poly (vinyl alcohol) nanofiber were fabricated using electrospinning system.

Materials & Methods:
The effects of supplementation of Oliveria decumbens Vent. essential oil on the
physicochemical and biological characteristics of the nanofibers were investigated by applying the techniques
including antioxidant activity measurement, scanning electron microscopy, viscosity and conductivity
tests, and fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy.

Results:
The results showed that the incorporation of 1% Oliveria decumbens Vent. essential oil to the
polymer dispersions causes the formation of thin nanofibers with the least beads. Both types of nanofibers
containing essential oil exhibited significant radical scavenging activities up to 76.82±0.36% and
61.09±0.13% for whey protein isolate/poly (vinyl alcohol) nanofiber and Persian gum/poly (vinyl alcohol)
nanofiber, respectively.

Conclusion:
The results of fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy proposed the structurally incorporation
of the essential oil into nanofibers to be considered as novel coating film for active packaging technology.
The Chromatic Aberration 2-D Entropy Threshold Segmentation Method Based on Adaptive Step-Length Firefly Algorithm
Authors: Shaofeng Wu , Yifei Tong , Jiafeng Liu , Qingmeng Tan , Dongbo Li 
Published: May 2018

Background:
To effectively solve the segmentation problem with multi-target complex image,
the chromatic aberration 2-D entropy threshold segmentation method based on Adaptive Step-
Length Firefly Algorithm (ASLFA) is proposed in this paper.

Methods:
Firstly, the significance of image entropy value is analyzed and the threshold segmentation is
proposed with maximum entropy principle. Then, in order to solve the problem of large amount and
longtime of calculation in the threshold segmentation process, the improved firefly algorithm (FA) is
proposed replacing the fixed step-length with adaptive step-length.

Results:
Finally, in order to make full use of the image information, the space distance of chromatic aberration
is introduced and combined with FA.

Conclusion:
Contrast test of the proposed method and 2-D entropy threshold based on standard firefly
algorithm (SFA) and genetic algorithm (GA) proves that the proposed method can improve the segmentation
accuracy while ensuring the segmentation speed, and is suitable for fast and effective segmentation
of multi-target images and complex images.
Iklim kelas di Sekolah Dasar Negeri 10 Ganting, Koto Tangah, Kota Padang
Authors: Hadiyanto Hadiyanto , Martini M. 
Published: May 2018

Penelitian kolaborasi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan membandingkan iklim kelas yang dialami (actual climate) dengan iklim kelas yang diinginkan (preferred climate) peserta didik di kelas IV, V dan VI Sekolah Dasar Negeri 10 Ganting, Kecamatan Koto Tangah Kota Padang, Sumatera Barat. Responden penelitian berjumlah 78 orang, masing-masing peserta didik di ketiga kelas tersebut merespon dua macam angket. Alat ukur iklim kelas actual form diadministrasikan terlebih dahulu untuk mengetahui iklim kelas yang dialami peserta didik, kemudian diikuti dengan alat ukur iklim kelas preferred form untuk mengukur iklim kelas yang diinginkan peserta didik. Setelah data yang terkumpul diolah dan dianalisis maka dapat diketahui bahwa beberapa skala iklim kelas yang dialami (actual climate) peserta didik kelas IV, V dan VI SD 10 Ganting tidak jauh berbeda dengan iklim kelas diinginkan (preferred climate). Namun demikian, skala cohesiveness dan satisfaction pada preferred climate di kelas V lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan yang dialami peserta didik (actual climate). Untuk itu, diperlukan langkah-langkah treatment untuk meningkatkan kedua skala tersebut agar iklim kelas sesuai dengan yang diinginkan peserta didik. Kata kunci: iklim kelas, sekolah dasar, keakraban, kepuasan, demokrasi, kecepatan, kesulitan, formalitas CLASSROOM CLIMATE AT PUBLIC ELEMENTARY SCHOOL 10 GANTING, KOTO TANGAH, KOTA PADANGAbstractThis collaborative study aims to determine and compare the climate of the class experienced (actual climate) with the desired class climate (preferred climate) by students in class IV, V and VI at Public Elementary School Number 10, Sub-District Koto Tangah Padang, West Sumatra. Research respondents were 78 people, each student in the three classes responded to two kinds of questionnaires. The actual form of classroom climate instrument was administered first to know class climate experienced by students, then followed by preferred form of classroom climate instrument to measure climate of class desired by students. After the collected data were processed and analyzed it can be seen that some actual classroom climate of class IV, V and VI of Public Elementary School No. 10 Ganting are not much different from the preferred climate. Nevertheless, the scale of cohesiveness and satisfaction in preferred climate in class V is higher than that actual climate. Therefore, treatment steps are needed to improve both scales so that the classroom climate in accordance with the desired students.Keywords: class climate, elementary school, familiarity, satisfaction, democracy, speed, difficulty, formality
Pengaruh kinerja kepala sekolah terhadap keberhasilan manajemen berbasis sekolah melalui partisipasi masyarakat di SMP
Authors: Putri Novi Hardini , Wibowo Udik Budi 
Published: May 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur pengaruh kinerja kepala sekolah terhadap keberhasilan manajemen berbasis sekolah melalui partisipasi masyarakat di SMP Negeri se-Kabupaten Karimun, Kepulauan Riau. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian korelasional. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap populasi dengan jumlah 39 kepala SMP Negeri se-Kabupaten Karimun, Kepulauan Riau. Pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen angket yang telah diuji validitasnya dengan korelasi product moment dan uji reliabilitas dengan menggunakan alpha-cronbach. Adapun analisis datanya dilakukan secara deskriptif dan analisis jalur dengan taraf signifikansi 0,05. Hasil analisis data secara deskriptif ditemukan bahwa kinerja kepala sekolah, partisipasi masyarakat dan keberhasilan MBS termasuk dalam kategori sedang yakni: kinerja kepala sekolah = 46,2%, partisipasi masyarakat = 64,1% dan keberhasilan MBS = 41%. Sedangkan dari analisis jalur menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap keberhasilan MBS di SMP Negeri Kabupaten Karimun. Selanjutnya ditemukan pengaruh tidak langsung dari kinerja kepala sekolah terhadap keberhasilan MBS melalui partisipasi masyarakat = 57,3%.Kata kunci: kinerja kepala sekolah, partisispasi masyarakat, keberhasilan manajemen berbasis sekolah THE INFLUENCE OF THE PRINCIPALS’ PERFORMANCES ON THE SUCCESS OF SCHOOL-BASED MANAGEMENT THROUGH COMMUNITY PERFORMANCE AT JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLSAbstractThis study aims to find out the influence of the principals’ performances on the success of school-based management through community participation at Public Junior Secondary Schools in Karimun Regency, Kepulauan Riau. This study used a quantitative approach through a correlational research design. 39 principals from all Public Junior Secondary Schools in Karimun Regency were involved as population. The data were collected through questionnaires. The validity of the instrument was analyzed through product moment and the reliability through alpha-Cronbach. Then, the data were analyzed descriptively by using path analysis with the significance level of 0.05. The finding showed that the performances of the principals’ performances, and community participation on the success of MBS were included into sufficient category. They were seen from the principals’ performances = 46.2%, community participation = 64.1%, and the success of MBS = 41%. Meanwhile, from path analysis, there was a positive influence and significance on the success of MBS at Public Junior Secondary Schools in Karimun Regency. In addition, there was an indirect influence of the principals’ performances on the success of MBS through community participation = 57.3%;Keywords: principals’ performances, community participation, the success of school-based management
PEDAGOGO GENERALISTA – PROFESSOR DE EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL: IMPLICAÇÕES E DESAFIOS DA FORMAÇÃO
Authors: Barbosa Maria Carmen Silveira , Cancian Viviane Ache , Weshenfelder Noeli Valentina 
Published: May 2018

O curso de Pedagogia vem ampliando seu espectro formativo nos últimos 30 anos. Da formação de especialistas para as escolas e o sistema educacional, aderiu à formação do pedagogo generalista e licenciado para o magistério nos Anos Iniciais, Educação Infantil e Educação de Jovens e Adultos. A mudança da exigência de habilitação de professores do Ensino Médio para o Ensino Superior e as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para o Curso de Pedagogia (DCNP) com ênfase na docência não acompanharam necessidades de aprofundamento de formação docente. Este artigo propõe analisar as DCNP e as diretrizes de formação de professores, e a formação generalista do pedagogo licenciado em Pedagogia, em relação às capacidades profissionais exigidas do docente da Educação Infantil, definidas pelas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para Educação Infantil (DCNEI). A metodologia baseia-se na análise de conteúdo dos documentos legais balizadores da formação docente e da Educação Infantil. Observou-se que essas diretrizes, com suas múltiplas funcionalidades, não têm atendido às expectativas que as DCNEI apontam para o exercício qualificado da docência em creche e pré-escola
FORMAÇÃO INICIAL PARA A DOCÊNCIA NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL: INDICADORES DA PRODUÇÃO ACADÊMICA
Authors: Côco Valdete , Vieira Maria Nilceia de Andrade , Giesen Karina Fátima 
Published: May 2018

Este texto discute a formação inicial para a docência na Educação Infantil, com o objetivo de analisar indicadores decorrentes de produções acadêmicas recentes sobre a temática. Ancorado em pressupostos teórico-metodológicos bakhtinianos, o presente estudo caracteriza-se por uma abordagem qualitativa de caráter exploratório. Para a produção de dados, optou-se por procedimento de levantamento bibliográfico em periódicos nacionais. A sistematização dos resultados constituiu-se por apuração de dados quantitativos e análise dos enunciados expressos nos artigos selecionados.Essa interlocução evidenciou a relevância da dimensão pessoal na formação para a profissão docente, com destaque para a necessidade de parceria entre docentes da graduação e os estudantes e para a discussão dos desafios vinculados às políticas de reconhecimento e valorização do professor, explicitando a complexidade dos processos de formação docente.
O processo de aprendizagem do cálculo oral de sujeitos com diferentes níveis de escolaridade e contextos sociais<br>The learning process of oral calculus of subjects with different levels of schooling and social contexts
Authors: Silveira Maria Eduarda De Melo , Moraes Glaucia Cabral 
Published: May 2018

Este artigo apresenta um estudo realizado na disciplina de Trabalho de Curso em Matemática, do Curso de Matemática – Licenciatura, da Univesidade de Santa Cruz do Sul – UNISC, o qual originou-se a partir do intuito de estudar como se constitui a aprendizagem em diferentes níveis de escolaridade em relação aos cálculos diários presentes em seus contextos, desde sujeitos que frequentaram a escola por um curto período até os que possuem formação básica completa. Os procedimentos adotados basearam-se no estudo de caso, na aplicação de questionários e na problematização de uma situação prática com os sujeitos da pesquisa, possibilitando verificar o cenário em que estão inseridos e quais as relações que são estabelecidas entre a matemática, suas aplicações e vivências.This article presents a study performed for the graduation task of the course of Mathematics in the University of Santa Cruz do Sul and aims to study how learning is acheved at different levels of education in relation to the daily calculations present in their contexts: from subjects who attended school for a short period to those with complete basic education. The study is based on qualitative research, application of questionnaires and problematization of a practical situation with the participants, taking in consideration methods such as case study. From this study one may observe that the people dominate the mathematical contents that are necessary to them, besides that this learning is a construction from the social coexistence.
Aprehensiones y modificaciones en el registro gráfico dinámico del paraboloide elíptico<br>Apprehensions and modifications into the Dynamic-Graphical register of the elliptical paraboloid
Authors: Peñaloza Vara Tito Nelson , Flores Salazar Jesus Victoria 
Published: May 2018

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo estudiar las aprehensiones y modificaciones del paraboloide elíptico en el Registro Gráfico Dinámico (RGD) por medio del ambiente de representaciones dinámicas Geogebra 3D. Para ello, tomamos como base aspectos de la investigación previa, realizada por el primer autor, sobre visualización del paraboloide elíptico que se fundamenta en la Teoría de Registros de Representación Semiótica de Duval, configuramos el RGD del paraboloide elíptico y analizamos cómo se desarrollan sus aprehensiones y modificaciones. Concluimos afirmando que el desarrollo de aprehensiones en tareas que involucran la noción de paraboloide elíptico puede ser realizado en el RGD y entendemos que es posible investigar otros objetos matemáticos que puedan ser representados en dicho registro. This paper aims at studying the apprehensions and modifications of an elliptic paraboloid in the Dynamic-Graphic Register (DGR) through the environment of dynamic representations Geogebra 3D. To do that, we take aspects from Duval’s Theory of Registers of Semiotic Representation as well as a study on paraboloid visualization as a benchmark. We configured the DGR of the elliptic paraboloid and analyzed how apprehensions and modifications develop in such register. We concluded stating that developing apprehensions in tasks that involve the notion of elliptic paraboloid can be done in the DGR, and we empathize that this type of research can be realized with other mathematical objects that may be represented in such register.
Respon kualitas dan ketahanan simpan cabai merah (Capsicum annuum L.) dengan penggunaan jenis bahan pengemas dan tingkat kematangan buah
Authors: Rochayat Yayat , Munika V. R. 
Published: May 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi jenis bahan pengemas dan tingkat kematangan buah terhadap respon kualitas simpan cabai merah (Capsicum annuum L). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret sampai Juli 2012 di Cikole Lembang, dilanjut dengan pengamatan di Laboratorium Hortikul-tura, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padja-djaran, Jatinangor, Kabupaten Sumedang, Jawa Barat. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola tunggal yang terdiri sepuluh kombinasi dan diulang tiga kali untuk setiap perlakuan. Tingkat kematangan buah yang digunakan yaitu kematangan 50–60% (K₁) dan kematangan 60–70 % (K₂). Jenis bahan pengemas yang digunakan adalah wadah Styrofoam tanpa tutup (P₁), wadah styrofoam di kemas dengan clear polyethylene (P₂), kotak duskarton (P₃), kotak Styrofoam berlubang5 pada bagian atas (P₄), kotak keranjang bambu (P₅). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terjadi kombinasi terbaik penggunaan jenis bahan pengemas dan tingkat kematangan buah terhadap kualitas simpan cabai merah. Perlakuan jenis bahan pengemas wadah Styrofoam dikemas dengan clear poly-ethylene (P₂) dan tingkat kematangan 50–60 % (K₁) memberikan hasil terbaik. Dapat memper-tahankan cabai layak pasar hingga 9 hari setelah penyimpanan, susut bobot pada hari ke-15 hanya 15,55 %, perubahan warna sempurna 100% merah, tanpa kerusakan mekanis dan biologis. Kata kunci : Bahan pengemas ∙ Cabai merah ∙ Pasca panen ∙ Penyimpanan buah ∙ Tingkatkematangan
Pengaruh konsentrasi giberelin dan pupuk organik cair asal rami terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman rami (Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaud) klon ramindo 1
Authors: Suherman Cucu , Nuraini Anne , Damayanthi R. 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRAKRami adalah salah satu jenis tanaman penghasil serat yang memiliki potensi hasil lebih tinggi dibanding tanaman kapas. Salah satu faktor penentu tinggi rendahnya hasil adalah panjang dan jumlah serat, yang antara lain ditentukan oleh tinggi dan diameter batang tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi giberelin dan pupuk organik cair rami serta memperoleh salah satu kombinasi konsentrasi giberelin dan POC rami yang memberikan pengaruh terbaik pada pertumbuhan dan hasil serat tanaman rami klon Ramindo 1. Percobaan dilaksanakan dari bulan Januari 2016 sampai bulan Maret 2016 di kebun percobaan CiparanjeFaperta Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, dengan ketinggian tempat mencapai 829 m di atas permukaan laut, dengan tanah ordo Inceptisol, dan tipe iklim berdasarkan klasifikasi Schmidt dan Ferguson (1951) termasuk tipe C. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari 8 perlakuan dan diulang sebanyak 4 kali, dengan perlakuan kombinasi GA0 ppm+ tanpa POC, GA50 ppm + tanpa POC, GA100 ppm + tanpa POC, GA150 ppm + tanpa POC, Larutan GA0 ppm + 40 ml/L POC, GA50 ppm + 40 ml/L POC, GA100 ppm + 40 ml/L POC, GA150 ppm + 40 ml/L POC. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa pemberian kombinasi dosis giberelin dan pupuk organik cair rami dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan hasil serat tanaman rami klon Ramindo 1. Perlakuan GA 150 ppm dan 40 ml/L pupuk organik cair (POC) dapat meningkatkan tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, bobot kering tanaman, bobot basah tanaman, dan bobot segar batang tanaman rami klon Ramindo 1.Kata kunci : Giberelin, pupuk organik cair, rami