bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uptake and Catabolism of 125l-Thrombin by the Rabbit Thoracic Aorta In Vitro: Permeability of the Endothelium, Intima-Media and Adventitial Layers
Authors: Hatton Mark W C , Moar Sue L 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThe uptake, distribution and catabolism of 125I-thrombin has been studied in vitro using normal and ballooned (de-endothelialized) aorta segments at 37° C and at 4° C. In addition to rapid uptake by endothelial cells, 125I-thrombin passed at a slower, and yet constant, rate through the endothelium and accumulated in the intima-medial and adventitial layers. The enzyme, however, was not able to cross the adventitia. Passage through the endothelium was probably intercellular rather than due to transcytosis. Uptake by the intima-media layer of ballooned segments was substantially faster (× 2.5) than by the subendothelial (intima-media) region of normal segments. Once associated with the endothelium and the subendothelial layers, 125I-thrombin was catabolized and radioactive products, which were released from the vessel wall, appeared in the incubation medium. Two possible catabolic routes were identified: 1. the enzyme was recovered as a high molecular weight product (i. e. excluded by Sephadex G-200), due to complex formation with an extracellular vessel wall component and/or plasma antithrombin III. 2. Fragments of the enzyme were recovered which were presumably the products of limited, extracellular proteolysis.
Disappearance of Antibodies to Factor VIII in a Patient with Acquired Haemophilia and Carcinoma of the Pancreas During Cytotoxic Therapy with Fluorouracil and CCNU
Authors: Rhodes E G H , Boesen E A M , Corringham R E T , Matthews K B , Tuddenham E G D , Kernoff P B A 
Published: July 2018

SummaryAn inhibitor to clotting factor VIII (anti-VIII: C) developed in a 70 year old woman with carcinoma of the pancreas three months after palliative by-pass surgery. A life-threatening sublingual haemorrhage was controlled by infusion of human factor VIII concentrate in high dosage. With the objective of reducing pancreatic tumour size, combination cytotoxic therapy with fluorouracil and CCNU was given. Reduction in the size of the tumour was associated with disappearance of anti-VIII:C, reappearance of normal quantities of clotting factor VIII (VIII: C) in the plasma and resolution of the bleeding tendency. The anti-VIII: C was characterised as being predominantly of the IgG4 sub-class with k light chains. In vitro and in vivo studies showed the inactivation of VIII: C by anti-VIII: C was markedly non-linear. Normal quantities of factor VIII coagulant antigen (VIII: CAg) were detected in the patient’s plasma when VIII: C levels were negligible.
Fifteen Coagulation and Fibrinolysis Parameters in Diabetes Mellitus and in Patients with Vasculopathy
Authors: Christe M , Fritschi J , Lämmle B , Tran T H , Marbet G A , Berger W , Duckert F 
Published: July 2018

SummaryFifteen haemostasis parameters have been measured in 48 normal persons, 36 diabetics without and 44 with complications and 27 with peripheral arterial disease. Since the patients groups are older than normals, part of the differences are due to age. However, the differences are significant between normals and patients. They become highly significant for the diabetics with complications and nephropathy (Table 7). In diabetics without complications factor VIII functions, fibrinogen and thrombin time are related to age whereas there is a negative correlation for the fibrinolytic activity and antithrombin III. The diabetic complications shade off the correlations, which subsist only for VIIIR: CoF, VIIIR: Ag, ATIII and lysis before stasis. With Hbalc as dependent variable VIIIR:CoF is the only significant predictor variable in diabetics (Table 9).
Platelet Production in Myocardial Infarction and Sudden Cardiac Death
Authors: Trowbridge E A , Slater D N , Kishk Y T , Woodcock B W , Martin J F 
Published: July 2018

SummaryMegakaryocyte cytoplasmic volumes were studied in 13 subjects 18 ± 2 days after admittance to the coronary care unit. Seven had suffered a myocardial infarction (MI group) while six had chest pain but no recent infarction. Megakaryocytes were also studied in 10 subjects suffering coronary sudden unexpected death (CSD group) and 11 subjects suffering sudden unexpected un-natural death. There was no significant difference between the megakaryocyte cytoplasmic volume distributions of the MI and CSD groups, although they had a significantly greater mean (p <0.01) and range (p <0.001) than theirrespectivecontrolgroups.There was no significant difference in platelet volumes observed within 24 hr of the infarct and 18 ± 2 days later. Mean platelet volume was significantly correlated (r = 0.89, p <0.006) to mean megakaryocyte cytoplasmic volume in the MI group. A computer simulation of platelet production showed no significant difference between platelet volumes observed in the MI group and those estimated to be circulating before death in the CSD group.
Assessment of Anti-Streptokinase Antibody Levels in Human Sera Using a Microradioimmunoassay Procedure
Authors: Moran D M , Standring R , Lavender E A , Harris G S 
Published: July 2018

SummaryA high capacity, quantitative radioimmunoassay procedure has been developed to measure IgG antibodies to streptokinase (SK) in human serum. Results showed that the use of low concentrations of 125I-SK (100 ng/ml) and ambient temperature incubation conditions minimised degradation of the target labelled antigen and afforded antibody binding values which could be confidently related to the native intact SK protein. SK-complexed to plasminogen was also shown to retain the equivalent antigenic activity of native SK. Comparison of the absolute anti-SK levels with streptokinase resistance titres demonstrated that the two measurements of antibody correlated statistically but afforded quantitatively poor agreements. A survey of IgG levels to SK in sera from 93 normal healthy volunteers showed that all individuals displayed readily measurable anti-SK antibodies, with some 80% having IgG concentration capable of binding in excess of 1 μg SK per ml serum.
Serious Complications of Intraosseous Access during Infant Resuscitation
Authors: Molacek Jiri , Houdek Karel , Opatrný Václav , Fremuth Jiri , Sasek Lumir , Treskova Inka , Treska Vladislav 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe report on a 2.5-month-old infant with ischemia of the left leg and compartment following intraosseous needle application during resuscitation. Unfortunately, this event led to major limb amputation. The cause, mechanism, and prevention of this severe complication are discussed in this article.
Mechanism of the Antiplatelet Action of Dipyridamole in Whole Blood: Modulation of Adenosine Concentration and Activity
Authors: Gresele Paolo , Arnout Jef , Deckmyn Hans , Vermylen Jos 
Published: July 2018

SummaryDipyridamole inhibits platelet aggregation in whole blood at lower concentrations than in plasma. The blood cells responsible for increased effectiveness in blood are the erythrocytes. Using the impedance aggregometer we have carried out a series of pharmacological studies in vitro to elucidate the mechanism of action of dipyridamole in whole blood. Adenosine deaminase, an enzyme breaking down adenosine, reverses the inhibitory action of dipyridamole. Two different adenosine receptor antagonists, 5’-deoxy-5’-methylthioadenosine and theophylline, also partially neutralize the activity of dipyridamole in blood. Enprofylline, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor with almost no adenosine receptor antagonistic properties, potentiates the inhibition of platelet aggregation by dipyridamole. An inhibitory effect similar to that of dipyridamole can be obtained combining a pure adenosine uptake inhibitor (RE 102 BS) with a pure phosphodiesterase inhibitor (MX-MB 82 or enprofylline). Mixing the blood during preincubation with dipyridamole increases the degree of inhibition. Lowering the haematocrit slightly reduces the effectiveness.Although we did not carry out direct measurements of adenosine levels, the results of our pharmacological studies clearly show that dipyridamole inhibits platelet aggregation in whole blood by blocking the reuptake of adenosine formed from precursors released by red blood cells following microtrauma. Its slight phosphodiesterase inhibitory action potentiates the effects of adenosine on platelets.
Purification and Some Chemical Properties of Thrombin-Like Enzyme from Trimeresurus Flavoviridis Venom
Authors: Kosugi T , Ariga Y , Nakamura M , Kinjo K 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThere has been no previous report indicating whether thrombin-like enzyme is contained in the venomof Trimeresurus flavoviridis whichhas the strongest toxic effect in the case of Habu bite. The presentstudy was undertaken to clarify the existence of thrombin-like enzyme in Trimeresurus flavoviridis venom. As a starting material, lyophilized crude venom of Trimeresurus flavoviridis was used, and ammonium sulphate fractionation, gel filtration using Sephadex G-25, Sephadex G-150 and arginine-Sepharose affinity chromatography were carried out to separate and purify a thrombin-like enzyme from the crude venom. The enzyme was purified to a 137-fold increase in specific activity and the purified preparation revealed a single band on SDS-PAGE. The molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be 65,000-70,000 daltons by means of SDS-PAGE and gel filtration, and its isoelectric point was pH 4.5-5.5. Furthermore, the optimal pH of the enzyme was in the range of pH 8.0 to 8.5. Some of the differences in enzymatic properties between this enzyme and bovine thrombin were studied. The snake enzyme could coagulate only rabbit plasma and convert only purified rabbit fibrinogen to fibrin gel. In addition, this thrombin-like enzyme released only fibrinopeptide A from purified rabbit fibrinogen and did not release fibrinopeptide B.
Heparin-Associated Thrombocytopenia Treatment with Low Molecular Weight Heparin
Authors: Vitoux Jean-F , Mathieu Jean-F , Roncato Martine , Fiessinger Jean-N , Aiach Martine 
Published: July 2018

SummaryEight patients with heparin associated thrombocytopenia (HAT) were treated by a low molecular weight heparin derivative (LMW). Biological and clinical improvement occurred in all patients. This efficiency confirms the antithrombotic activity of LMW and allows its use in patients with HAT.
The Production and Characterisation of a Panel of Ten Murine Monoclonal Antibodies to Human Procoagulant Factor VIII
Authors: Griffin B D , Micklem L R , McCann M C , James K , Pepper D S 
Published: July 2018

SummaryA panel of 10 murine monoclonal antibodies to procoagulant FVIII has been developed from the fusion of a single spleen. Balb/c mice were injected with a purified preparation of FVIII: Ag, and antibody production in sera and hybrid culture supernatants was monitored using a specific radiometric screening assay. The antibodies all inhibit FVIII clotting activity in normal plasma, and when immobilised on agarose retain their ability to recognise and bind the FVIII procoagulant protein. Studies on protein A-purified immunoglobulins demonstrate a range of properties within the panel of antibodies with regard to species crossreactivity, clotting inhibition and immunoadsorption. The panel of antibodies has been used to screen heat-treated FVIII concentrates for the occurrence of heat-induced neoantigens.
The Assay of Factor VIII: C in Heparinized Plasma: A Polybrene Neutralization Method
Authors: Cumming A M , Wensley R T , Delamore I W 
Published: July 2018

SummaryFactor VIII coagulant activity (VIII: C) has been shown by several investigators to exhibit increased stability in vitro when physiological levels of plasma ionized calcium are maintained by anticoagulation with heparin rather than citrate. An increase in initial activity of VIII: C in heparin over that of VIII: C in citrate has been reported but this has not been confirmed. In order to assay VIII :C in heparinized plasma, the heparin anticoagulant effect must be excluded without interfering with the validity of the assay. A one-stage clotting assay for VIII: C has been developed where heparin is neutralized by Polybrene®, a synthetic polymerized quaternary ammonium salt. VIII :C may be accurately measured by this method which satisfies the requirements for a valid assay of parallelism and linearity.
Improved Characterization of Plasma von Willebrand Factor Heterogeneity when Using 2.5% Agarose Gel Electrophoresis
Authors: Mazurier Claudine , Samor Bruno , Goudemand Maurice 
Published: July 2018

SummaryDiscontinuous sodium dodecyl sulfate electrophoresis in large pore gels, followed by overlay with radiolabelled anti-von Willebrand factor (vWF) antibodies and by autoradiography, permits to analyze the multimeric structure of vWF. The aim of this study was to improve experimental conditions of this technique to satisfactorily resolve the minor forms of plasma vWF while still separating its high, intermediate, and low molecular weight predominant multimers. By using a 2.5% mixture of two selected agaroses, a single electrophoretic analysis of plasma clearly reveals the extreme complexity of the molecular forms of circulating vWF: each multimeric unit of plasma vWF may be separated into five bands, the central one being predominant. The multimeric distribution and “quintuplet” pattern obtained in the electrophoretic system described here permit a convenient classification of the different subtypes of von Willebrand’s disease.
Evaluation of the Cuticle Bleeding Time in Canine Haemophilia A
Authors: Pijnappels M I M , Briët E , Zwet G Th van der , Huisden R , Tilburg N H van , Eulderink F 
Published: July 2018

SummaryIn this paper we describe our clinical experience and results with the cuticle bleeding time test in a colony of cross-bred Labrador retrievers with severe haemophilia A. The dogs have a severe bleeding tendency with a high incidence of fatal haemorrhages in the central nervous system. Homozygous females appeared to be especially prone to this lethal complication. Factor VIII recovery and half-life determinations yielded results similar to the data from human studies. The cuticle bleeding time proved to be a good measure of the coagulation defect. The prolongation of the bleeding time could be completely abolished by administration of 10 to 15 units of canine factor VIII per kg body weight. We conclude that the cuticle bleeding time in canine haemophilia provides us with a suitable model for the in vivo study of new therapeutic materials.
Triton X-114 Phase Separation of Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins from Normal Subjects and a Patient with Type I Thrombasthenia
Authors: Khanduri U , Clark S , Walker I D , Chamberlain K G , Penington D G 
Published: July 2018

SummarySurface-labelled normal and thrombasthenic platelets have been subjected to phase separation in Triton X-114. Triton-rich and Triton-poor fractions have been analysed by SDS-PAGE and IEF-SDS-PAGE. Partitioning characteristics of the major glycoproteins have been defined. The Triton-rich fraction contained GPIIb, III, IV, VI, VII, VIII, GP38 and the IIb β subunit. In contrast, the Triton-poor fraction contained the HMWGP, GPIa, Ib, IIb, III, V and GPIX.Analysis of the platelet membrane glycoproteins of a patient with Type 1 thrombasthenia has been carried out using Triton X-114. The value of the method in diagnosis of this condition and differences between our findings and those published previously are discussed.
Coextraction of Thrombomodulin and Tissue Factor from Human Placenta: Effects of Concanavalin A and Phospholipid Environment on Activity
Authors: Freyssinet Jean-Marie , Brami Brigitte , Gauchy Josiane , Cazenave Jean-Pierre 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThrombomodulin and tissue factor activities have been coextracted from human placenta by several non-ionic detergents, n-octylglucoside and Triton X-100 being the most efficient ones. The n-octylglucoside placenta extract had a strong cofactor activity in the activation of human protein C by human a-thrombin. Treatment of the n-octylglucoside and Triton X-100 placenta extracts by phospholipases C and A2 revealed that an adequate phospholipid environment is necessary for maximal thrombomodulin activity, while it is well known that this is crucial for tissue factor activity. Soluble concanavalin A reversibly inhibited thrombomodulin and tissue factor activities to the same extent. Con-A-Sepharose affinity chromatography of the Triton X-100 placenta extract resulted in the same proportion (30%) of these two activities bound to the lectin, which were subsequently eluted in the same fractions by a linear gradient of α-methyl-D-glucoside. This observation suggests that thrombomodulin activity is associated to a glycoprotein component presenting the same degree of carbohydrate heterogeneity, involving α-D-mannosyl or α-D-glucosyl residues, as tissue factor apoprotein. Relipidation of fraction eluted by α-methyl-D-glucoside was essential to detect tissue factor activity, it was also necessary to recover full thrombomodulin activity. An antibody to human brain tissue factor apoprotein inhibited human placenta tissue factor activity, whereas thrombomodulin activity was unaffected, suggesting that these two cellular activities are related to distinct molecular entities sharing striking functional and structural similarities.
Musculoskeletal Outcomes from Chronic High-Speed, High-Impulse Resistance Exercise
Authors: Caruso John , Voor Michael , Jaggers Jason , Symons T. , Stith Jeremy , Bai Ling , Selimovic Ema , Carter Kathy , Daily Jennifer 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWhile bones and muscles adapt to mechanical loading, it appears that very specific types of stimuli must be applied to achieve osteogenesis. Our study assessed musculoskeletal outcomes to 30 training sessions on an Inertial Exercise Trainer (Newnan, GA). Subjects (n=13) performed workouts with their left leg, while their right served as an untreated control. Workouts entailed three 60-s sets each of knee extension, hip extension and calf press exercises, separated by 90-s rests. Before and after the 30 training sessions, subjects underwent strength tests (knee and ankle extensors of both legs), DEXA scans (hip, knee and ankles of both legs), and blood draws. After 30 training sessions 2×2 ANOVAs showed left leg peak torques rose significantly. 2×2 ANCOVAs, with bone scan area as a covariate, showed significant left leg calcaneal bone mineral content (+29%) and density (+33%) increases after 30 training sessions. A significant decline in C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen, a blood marker of bone resorption, also occurred after 30 training sessions. The Inertial Exercise Trainer’s large volume of training session repetitions elicited high peak force, peak acceleration and impulses that likely provided a mechanical loading stimulus that evoked calcaneal accretion.
Algebraic approach to the Tavis-Cummings model with three modes of oscillation
Authors: Choreño E. , Ojeda-Guillén D. , Granados V. D. 
Published: July 2018

We study the Tavis-Cummings model with three modes of oscillation by using four different algebraic methods: the Bogoliubov transformation, the normal-mode operators, and the tilting transformation of the SU(1, 1) and SU(2) groups. The algebraic method based on the Bogoliubov transformation and the normal-mode operators lets us obtain the energy spectrum and eigenfunctions of a particular case of the Tavis-Cummings model, while with the tilting transformation we are able to solve the most general case of this Hamiltonian. Finally, we compute some expectation values of this problem by means of the SU(1, 1) and SU(2) group theory.
The authors of the article agree to the retraction of the article effective 21 September 2023
On being first
Authors: Simard Candide 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
This paper reconsiders first position (Baker & Mushin 2008) in the Australian language Ngarinyman, concentrating on prosody. Making use of a prosodic unit of reference helps clarify its ordering patterns, according to the given-before-new (Gundel 1988) and more-newsworthy-first (Mithun 1987) typology. Based on natural data, it examines the phrasing patterns of Noun Phrases (nps) in the same position but of different Information Structure (IS) categories: topics, including Framesetting (establishing time and place), Aboutness (the referent which the proposition is about) and Contrastive (selecting among a set of alternatives), or Argument Focus. An instrumental analysis of the durational cue reveals that Framesetting topics form a unique Intonation Unit; and gradience in the phrasing of nps according to their IS category.
The influence of the state distinction on word order and information structure in Kabyle and Siwi (Berber)
Authors: Mettouchi Amina , Schiattarella Valentina 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
This paper, based on monologues and dialogues recorded in the field, shows how the presence (Kabyle) or the absence (Siwi) of an inflectional marking on nouns called state impacts the number and functions of grammatical relations and information structure constructions in those two closely related Berber languages. Indeed, in Kabyle, state allows to distinguish between subject and object when two nouns follow each other after the verb, whereas in Siwi, sequences of two postverbal nominal arguments are avoided; only AVO is attested. As linear ordering is also a formal means for information structure coding, this results in Siwi having fewer constructions available for that functional domain, and consequently, different information structure functions encoded through linear ordering than Kabyle.
Economic Distress and Labor Market Participation
Authors: Stephens Heather M. , Deskins John 
Published: July 2018

AbstractMany of the most deeply and persistently distressed regions of the United States, such as parts of West Virginia, suffer from extremely low levels of labor force participation. These are regions where economic despair seems to have taken hold for generations and which face numerous other impediments to economic prosperity, such as opioid abuse. Better understanding these linkages can lead to policy solutions to help the most disadvantaged places break the cycle of economic despair. Using county‐level data, we begin by estimating a series of models that allow us to understand the drivers of local labor force participation. We also consider how these drivers may differ between rural and urban areas. We then analyze how levels of participation in the labor force are related to other measures of economic distress. We find that there is significant variation in the drivers of rural and urban labor force participation; however, much of the variation can be explained by known factors. Yet, our results also suggest that there remains some portion of the lower levels of labor force participation in West Virginia and Appalachia that cannot be explained by other factors. Since it appears that labor force participation is important to explaining higher levels of employment growth in rural areas, for persistently distressed regions, finding ways to increase labor force participation may be a critical step toward increasing economic prosperity.