bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Left ventricular geometry predicts optimal response to percutaneous mitral repair via MitraClip: Integrated assessment by two‐ and three‐dimensional echocardiography
Authors: Kim Jiwon , Alakbarli Javid , Palumbo Maria Chiara , Xie Lola X. , Rong Lisa Q. , Tehrani Nathan H. , Brouwer Lillian R. , Devereux Richard B. , Wong Shing Chiu , Bergman Geoffrey W. , Khalique Omar K. , Levine Robert A. , Ratcliffe Mark B. , Weinsaft Jonathan W. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo assess impact of left ventricular (LV) chamber remodeling on MitraClip (MClp) response.BackgroundMitraClip is the sole percutaneous therapy approved for mitral regurgitation (MR) but response varies. LV dilation affects mitral coaptation; determinants of MClp response are uncertain.MethodsLV and mitral geometry were quantified on pre‐ and post‐procedure two‐dimensional (2D) transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and intra‐procedural three‐dimensional (3D) transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). Optimal MClp response was defined as ≤mild MR at early (1–6 month) follow‐up.ResultsSixty‐seven degenerative MR patients underwent MClp: Whereas MR decreased ≥1 grade in 94%, 39% of patients had optimal response (≤mild MR). Responders had smaller pre‐procedural LV end‐diastolic volume (94 ± 24 vs. 109 ± 25 mL/m2, p = 0.02), paralleling smaller annular diameter (3.1 ± 0.4 vs. 3.5 ± 0.5 cm, p = 0.002), and inter‐papillary distance (2.2 ± 0.7 vs. 2.5 ± 0.6 cm, p = 0.04). 3D TEE‐derived annular area correlated with 2D TTE (r = 0.59, p < 0.001) and was smaller among optimal responders (12.8 ± 2.1 cm2 vs. 16.8 ± 4.4 cm2, p = 0.001). Both 2D and 3D mitral annular size yielded good diagnostic performance for optimal MClp response (AUC 0.73–0.84, p < 0.01). In multivariate analysis, sub‐optimal MClp response was associated with LV end‐diastolic diameter (OR 3.10 per‐cm [1.26–7.62], p = 0.01) independent of LA size (1.10 per‐cm2 [1.02–1.19], p = 0.01); substitution of mitral annular diameter for LV size yielded an independent association with MClp response (4.06 per‐cm2 [1.03–15.96], p = 0.045).ConclusionsAmong degenerative MR patients undergoing MClp, LV and mitral annular dilation augment risk for residual or recurrent MR, supporting the concept that MClp therapeutic response is linked to sub‐valvular remodeling.
Hemodynamic and clinical response to transseptal mitral valve‐in‐valve and valve‐in‐ring
Authors: Lloyd James W. , Joseph Timothy A. , Cabalka Allison K. , Guerrero Mayra , Rihal Charanjit S. , Eleid Mackram F. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo understand the clinical and hemodynamic response of patients with stenotic versus regurgitant prosthetic mitral valve degeneration to transseptal transcatheter mitral valve‐in‐ring/‐valve replacement (TMVR).BackgroundPatients with prosthetic mitral valve repair/replacement failure frequently present high‐risk surgical challenges. TMVR has been employed as an alternative to surgery.MethodsForty‐four patients with stenotic/regurgitant degeneration of prior prosthetic mitral annuloplasty and replacement (38) underwent mitral TMVR. Clinical, echocardiographic, and invasive hemodynamic monitoring was conducted at baseline and follow‐up.ResultsRelative to patients with regurgitant degeneration (28), patients with stenotic degeneration had baseline higher mitral valve gradients (12 ± 4 vs. 7 ± 3 mmHg, p < 0.01) and smaller areas (1.0 ± 0.4 vs. 1.5 ± 0.4 cm2, p = 0.01). TMVR yielded significant reduction in left atrial v‐wave pressures in stenotic and regurgitant cohorts (−7 ± 11, p = 0.03, and −11 ± 12 mmHg, p < 0.01, respectively) and significant, sustained symptomatic improvement. Intracardiac pressures overall, including left ventricular end diastolic pressures, remained elevated.ConclusionDespite baseline differences in valvular disease, TMVR leads to significant hemodynamic and clinical improvement in both stenotic and regurgitant prosthetic mitral valve disease. In both cohorts, TMVR reduced intracardiac pressures to similar postprocedural levels, but pressures remained supranormal. This outcome suggests a multifactorial process defines the pathophysiology of patients undergoing TMVR, including contributions from prosthetic degeneration, changes in left atrial compliance, and diastolic dysfunction, and highlights the need to consider such factors in patient evaluation and treatment.
Recent Advances in the Catalytic Production of Platform Chemicals from Holocellulosic Biomass
Authors: Gómez Millán Gerardo , Hellsten Sanna , Llorca Jordi , Luque Rafael , Sixta Herbert , Balu Alina M. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis Review discusses novel catalytic pathways of lignocellulosic biomass to value‐added chemicals including biomass‐derived sugar alcohols, organic acids, furans and biohydrocarbons. These production approaches are undertaken by biological, chemical and thermochemical transformations or a combination of them. Nevertheless, the majority of research in this area is focused on the design of heterogeneous catalysts to convert value‐added products from holocellulosic biomass. Biorefineries represent the peak of biomass processes in order to produce valuable chemicals and liquid fuels avoiding the utilization of corroding and toxic elements. The aim of the present Review is to offer the readers a broad overview of recent holocellulosic‐based chemical and fuels production technologies via heterogeneous catalysis. There is also an overview of the economic aspects to efficiently produce these platform chemicals at industrial scale. To summarize this Review, an outlook and conclusions of the reported processes to date is provided.
Quaternäre Metall/Metalloxid‐Katalysatoren als Wandkatalysatoren in Mikroreaktoren für Power‐to‐Gas‐Applikationen mittels kombinatorischer Hochdurchsatzmethoden
Authors: Pfeifer Mirko , Schwarz Thomas , Stöwe Klaus 
Published: February 2019

AbstractZur Untersuchung des Sabatier‐Prozesses werden quaternäre Katalysatoren synthetisiert und getestet. Die Synthesen erfolgen durch Imprägnierung und Sol‐Gel. Das Screening der Katalysatoren erfolgt bei Temperaturen zwischen 520 und 670 K, Drücken von 15 bzw. 30 bar, einem H2/CO2‐Verhältnis von 4:1 und wird in einem speziell dafür konstruierten 10‐fach‐Parallel‐Gasphasen‐Strömungsreaktor im sequentiellen Betriebsmodus durchgeführt. Die Katalysatoren werden auf Mikrospaltplatten beschichtet und für das Screening in den Reaktor eingeführt. Die Analyse der Gasphasenzusammensetzung erfolgt mittels GC‐FID.
Operando Analysis of Reactant Conversion and Material Stability in Next‐Generation Batteries
Authors: Stock Daniel , Pompe Constantin , Schröder Daniel 
Published: February 2019

AbstractLatest advances on operando analysis in the field of next‐generation battery research are highlighted by means of three examples: recording the pressure change and performing X‐ray diffraction analysis of metal‐oxygen batteries allows to gain detailed understanding of the main reactions and side reactions; analyzing a solid electrolyte in a hot‐press setup allows to monitor crystallization and stability during its synthesis. Since batteries are (electro)chemical reactors, the benefit of using the introduced operando techniques for classical reaction engineering is highlighted thereof.
The tactics of ship collision avoidance based on Quantum‐behaved Wolf Pack Algorithm
Authors: Liu Hongdan , Sun Rong , Liu Qi 
Published: February 2019

SummaryTo ensure the navigational safety of ships in the sea and reduce human errors, a set of navigational information systems with decision support function is developed. Fast and stable collision avoidance actions are also adopted according to the ship risk level and encounter situation. Therefore, the ship automation collision avoidance tactics based on Quantum‐behaved Wolf Pack Algorithm (QWPA) is proposed complied to COLREG in this paper, and then feasibility and effectiveness of which have been positively verified in laboratory conditions based on the three‐degree‐of‐freedom ship mathematical model; compared with existing collision avoidance scheme, the quality and generating speed of the collision avoidance strategy are enhanced greatly under different ship encounter situation.
Analysis of Neuro‐Neuronal Synapses Using Embryonic Chick Ciliary Ganglion via Single‐Axon Tracing, Electrophysiology, and Optogenetic Techniques
Authors: Egawa Ryo , Yawo Hiromu 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe calyx‐type synapse is a giant synaptic structure in which a presynaptic terminal wraps around a postsynaptic neuron in a one‐to‐one manner. It has been used for decades as an experimental model system of the synapse due to its simplicity and high accessibility in physiological recording methods. In particular, the calyx of the embryonic chick ciliary ganglion (CG) has enormous potential for synapse science because more flexible genetic manipulations are available compared with other synapses. Here, we describe methods to study presynaptic morphology, physiology, and development using CGs and cutting‐edge molecular tools. We outline step‐by‐step protocols for presynaptic gene manipulation using in ovo electroporation, preparation of isolated CGs, 3‐D imaging for single‐axon tracing in transparent CGs, electrophysiology of the presynaptic terminal, and an all‐optical approach using optogenetic molecular reagents. These methods will facilitate studies of the synapse and neuronal circuits in the future. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Implications of shared predation for space use in two sympatric leporids
Authors: Weterings Martijn J. A. , Ewert Sophie P. , Peereboom Jeffrey N. , Kuipers Henry J. , Kuijper Dries P. J. , Prins Herbert H. T. , Jansen Patrick A. , van Langevelde Frank , van Wieren Sipke E. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractSpatial variation in habitat riskiness has a major influence on the predator–prey space race. However, the outcome of this race can be modulated if prey shares enemies with fellow prey (i.e., another prey species). Sharing of natural enemies may result in apparent competition, and its implications for prey space use remain poorly studied. Our objective was to test how prey species spend time among habitats that differ in riskiness, and how shared predation modulates the space use by prey species. We studied a one‐predator, two‐prey system in a coastal dune landscape in the Netherlands with the European hare (Lepus europaeus) and European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) as sympatric prey species and red fox (Vulpes vulpes) as their main predator. The fine‐scale space use by each species was quantified using camera traps. We quantified residence time as an index of space use. Hares and rabbits spent time differently among habitats that differ in riskiness. Space use by predators and habitat riskiness affected space use by hares more strongly than space use by rabbits. Residence time of hare was shorter in habitats in which the predator was efficient in searching or capturing prey species. However, hares spent more time in edge habitat when foxes were present, even though foxes are considered ambush predators. Shared predation affected the predator–prey space race for hares positively, and more strongly than the predator–prey space race for rabbits, which were not affected. Shared predation reversed the predator–prey space race between foxes and hares, whereas shared predation possibly also released a negative association and promoted a positive association between our two sympatric prey species. Habitat riskiness, species presence, and prey species’ escape mode and foraging mode (i.e., central‐place vs. noncentral‐place forager) affected the prey space race under shared predation.
Contribution of metal vapor mass at periphery part of pulsed arc to electromagnetic force in weld pool
Authors: Tanaka Tatsuro , Maeda Yoshifumi , Yamamoto Shinji , Iwao Toru 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe arc welding has been used in various welding methods because it is inexpensive and high in strength after welding. However, it is a problem that accidents such as collapse of the bridge occur because of the welding defects. The welding of low cost and high productivity is required without the welding defects. The pulsed TIG welding is inexpensive and capable of high‐quality welding. The electromagnetic force contributing to penetration changes because the transient response of arc temperature and iron vapor generated from anode occurs. However, the analysis of pulsed TIG welding with metal vapor has been elucidated only metal vapor concentration near anode with transient phenomenon and heat flux. Thus, the theoretical elucidation of penetration depth with control factor has not been researched. In this paper, the contribution of metal vapor mass at the periphery part of pulsed arc to the electromagnetic force in the weld pool is elucidated. As a result, the iron vapor mass at periphery part decreased with increasing the frequency. The iron vapor was stagnated at axial center within one cycle. The electromagnetic force to the penetration depth direction in weld pool increased at axial center. Therefore, the metal vapor mass at periphery part plays an important role for the electromagnetic force increment at axial center.
From citizen participation to government participation: An exploration of the roles of local governments in community initiatives for climate change adaptation in the Netherlands
Authors: Mees Heleen L.P. , Uittenbroek Caroline J. , Hegger Dries L.T. , Driessen Peter P.J. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractCitizens' initiatives for climate action are actively encouraged by governments to enhance the resilience of communities to climate change. This increased responsibilisation of citizens has implications for the roles of governments. The degree of government involvement does not necessarily decline, but government roles may need to shift: from a regulating and steering government towards a more collaborative and responsive government that enables and facilitates community initiatives that are self‐governed by citizens. However, we lack a conceptual understanding of such new government roles, as well as empirical insights into how local governments participate in citizens' initiatives and how they take up such new roles. In this paper, a “ladder of government participation” is introduced, which is used to explore the roles of local governments in citizens' initiatives for climate change adaptation in the Netherlands. The results show that local governments are slowly but gradually shifting towards more networking, stimulating, and facilitating roles. Key concerns of local practitioners are (a) a lack of flexibility and support of their own municipal organisation to facilitate citizens' initiatives, (b) uncertainty about the continuity of citizens' initiatives over time, and (c) a potential increase of inequity among citizen groups resulting from facilitating citizens' initiatives. An important finding is that the roles of local governments tend to be flexible, in that they can move from one role to the other over time for one and the same citizens' initiative depending on its stage of development, as well as take up several roles simultaneously for different citizens' initiatives.
Macroinvertebrate Responses to Conductivity in Different Bioregions of Victoria, Australia
Authors: Shackleton Michael , Holland Aleicia , Stitz Leigh , McInerney Paul 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The use of field data to derive guideline water quality trigger values is likely to be more environmentally relevant than laboratory estimates. In the present study, macroinvertebrate responses to conductivity (specific conductance at 25 °C) within 5 bioregions in Victoria, Australia, were derived from 19 yr of macroinvertebrate field data. Varying response to electrical conductivity (EC) occurred among taxa. Ninety-five percent extirpation concentrations (XC95) for EC were calculated for each genus and species and ranged from 25 to 23 600 µS/cm. Hazardous concentration 5th percentiles (HC05) were calculated for each bioregion from species sensitivity distributions developed using genus and species XC95 values. Genus HC05 values varied substantially between bioregions: bioregion 1 (29 µS/cm), 2 (78 µS/cm), 3 (143 µS/cm), 4 (1068 µS/cm), and 5 (2226 µS/cm). No substantial differences in HC05 values were shown between genus- and species-level calculations in bioregions 1 to 3 and 5; however, a decrease of approximately 300 µS/cm was shown for bioregion 4. The substantial differences in HC05 values between bioregions supports the need for region-specific determination of effects of EC. We explore the use of HC05 values as water quality guidelines across a bioregion gradient and provide a comprehensive analysis of macroinvertebrate responses to changes in EC, with important implications for waterway management. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:1334–1342. © 2019 SETAC
Flame retardant finishing of the polyester/cotton blend fabric using a cross‐linkable hydroxy‐functional organophosphorus oligomer
Authors: Yang Charles Q. , Chen Qin 
Published: February 2019

SummaryBlend fabrics of cotton and polyester are widely used in apparel, but high flammability becomes a major obstacle for applications of those fabrics in fire protective clothing. The objective of this research was to investigate the flame retardant finishing of a 50/50 polyester/cotton blend fabric. It was discovered previously thatN,N′‐dimethyloldihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU) was able to bond a hydroxy‐functional organophosphorus oligomer (HFPO) onto 50/50 nylon/cotton blend fabrics. In this research, the HFPO/DMDHEU system was applied to a 50/50 polyester/cotton twill fabric. The polyester/cotton fabric treated with 36% HFPO and 10% DMDHEU achieved char length of 165 mm after 20 laundering cycles. The laundering durability of the treated fabric was attributed to the formation of polymeric cross‐linked networks. The HFPO/DMDHEU system significantly reduced peak heat release rate (PHRR) of cotton on the treated polyester/cotton blend fabric, but its effects on polyester were marginal. HFPO/DMDHEU reduced PHRR of both nylon and cotton on the treated nylon/cotton fabric. It was also discovered that the nitrogen of DMDHEU was synergistic to enhance the flame retardant performance of HFPO on the polyester/cotton fabric.
A near‐haploid clone harboring a BCR/ABL1 gene fusion in an adult patient with newly diagnosed B‐lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Peterson Jess F. , Ketterling Rhett P. , Huang Li , Finn Laura E. , Shi Min , Hoppman Nicole L. , Greipp Patricia T. , Baughn Linda B. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe detection of recurrent genetic abnormalities in B‐lymphoblastic leukemia (B‐ALL) is critical for risk stratification and therapy‐related decisions. Near‐haploidy (24‐30 chromosomes), a subgroup of hypodiploidy (<46 chromosomes), and BCR/ABL1 gene fusions are both recurrent genetic abnormalities in B‐ALL and are considered adverse prognostic findings, although outcomes in BCR/ABL1‐positive patients have improved with tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. While near‐haploid clones are primarily observed in children and rarely harbor structural abnormalities, BCR/ABL1‐positive B‐ALL is primarily observed in adults. Importantly, recurrent genetic abnormalities are considered mutually exclusive and rarely exist within the same neoplastic clone. We report only the second case to our knowledge of a near‐haploid clone that harbors a BCR/ABL1 fusion in an adult with newly diagnosed B‐ALL. Conventional chromosome studies revealed a near‐haploid clone (27 chromosomes) along with a der(22)t(9;22)(q34.1;q11.2) in 17 of 20 metaphases analyzed. Our B‐ALL fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) panel confirmed the BCR/ABL1 fusion and monosomies consistent with chromosome studies in approximately 95% of interphase nuclei. Moreover, no evidence of a “doubled” near‐haploid clone was observed by chromosome or FISH studies. This highly unusual case illustrates that while rare, recurrent genetic abnormalities in B‐ALL can exist within the same neoplastic clone.
Modelling the interaction of climate, forest ecosystem, and hydrology to estimate catchment dissolved organic carbon export
Authors: Son Kyongho , Lin Laurence , Band Lawrence , Owens Emmet M. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe potential for increased loads of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in streams and rivers is a concern for regulating the water quality in water supply watersheds. With increasing hydroclimatic variability related to global warming and shifts in forest ecosystem community and structure, understanding and predicting the magnitude and variability of watershed supply and transport of DOC over multiple time scales have become important research and management goals. In this study, we use a distributed process‐based ecohydrological model (Regional Hydro‐Ecological Simulation System [RHESSys]) to explore controls and predict streamflow DOC loads in Biscuit Brook. Biscuit Brook is a forested headwater catchment of the Neversink Reservoir, part of the New York City water supply system in the Catskill Mountains. Three different model structures of RHESSys were proposed to explore and evaluate hypotheses addressing how vegetation phenology and hydrologic connectivity between deep groundwater and riparian zones influence streamflow and DOC loads. Model results showed that incorporating dynamic phenology improved model agreement with measured streamflow in spring, summer, and fall and fall DOC concentration, compared with a static phenology. Additionally, the connectivity of deep groundwater flux through riparian zones with dynamic phenology improved streamflow and DOC flux in low flow conditions. Therefore, this study suggests the importance of inter‐annual vegetation phenology and the connectivity of deep groundwater drainage through riparian zones in the hydrology and stream DOC loading in this forested watershed and the ability of process‐based ecohydrological models to simulate these dynamics. The advantage of a process‐based modelling approach is specifically seen in the sensitivity to forest ecosystem dynamics and the interactions of hydroclimate variability with ecosystem processes controlling the supply and distribution of DOC. These models will be useful to evaluate different forest management approaches toward mitigating water quality concerns.
Environmental Adaptive Management: Application on Submarine Mine Tailings Disposal
Authors: Jensen Tor , Hylland Ketil 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Marine tailings disposal from mineral production is expected to have an environmental impact. In this case study we use a discharge of limestone processing tailings to a Norwegian fjord to describe an adaptive management process. The aim of the paper is to describe the development of an environmental adaptive management system (EAMS), contrasted with management simply based on the quantity of the discharge. The main driver for developing a new management system for the submarine tailings deposits was a desire to establish a system based on what was perceived as important to all stakeholders, that is, environmental impact. Involvement of stakeholders is essential, and a resource group with members from fisheries, local interest organizations, scientists, independent experts, and managers from the mining company jointly defined common sets of acceptance criteria to evaluate impact. Introduction of an EAMS has resulted in a change in the company's view of the impact their activity has on the environment and in an increased willingness to initiate monitoring and research to reduce knowledge gaps and uncertainty and impact on the marine environment. Environmental adaptive management has facilitated the development of a more ecologically relevant, integrated, and focused submarine tailings deposits management. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2019;15:575–583. © 2019 SETAC