bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical potential zone of viability on CoCrMo surfaces is affected by cell type: Macrophages under cathodic bias are more resistant to killing
Authors: Wiegand Michael J. , Kubacki Gregory W. , Gilbert Jeremy L. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractElectrochemical interactions at the cell–metal interface determine cell viability and influence behavior in response to different electrode potential conditions, specifically cathodic biases. Mechanically assisted crevice corrosion, for example, induces cathodic potentials and the associated electrochemical consequences of increased reduction reactions at the implant surface may affect cell viability in a manner that is different for various cell phenotypes. Monocyte macrophage‐like U937 cells were cultured on cobalt–chromium–molybdenum (CoCrMo) metal surfacesin vitrofor 24 h to assess cell behavior in response to sustained applied voltages. The electrochemical zone of viability for U937 cells polarized for 24 hin vitrowas −1000 ≤ mV < +500, compared to −400 < mV < +500 for MC3T3‐E1 preosteoblast‐like cells cultured under the same conditions, likely as a result of intrinsic apoptosis. Voltages above +250 mV had a lethal effect on U937 cells that was similar to that seen previously for MC3T3‐E1 cells on biased CoCrMo surfaces. It appears that cell phenotype directly influences behavior in response to cathodic electrochemical stimuli and that the monocyte macrophage‐like cells are more resistant to cathodic potential stimuli than preosteoblasts. This may be due to a glutathione‐based increased ability to quench reactive oxygen species and inflammatory‐associated radicals hypothesized to be generated during reduction of oxygen. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 526–534, 2019.
Tumor Cell Dormancy and Reactivation in Bone: Skeletal Biology and Therapeutic Opportunities
Authors: Byrne Niall M , Summers Matthew A , McDonald Michelle M 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTIn the advanced stages of many cancers, tumor cells disseminate from the primary site and colonize distant locations such as the skeleton. These disseminated tumor cells colonizing bone can evade treatments and survive for prolonged periods in a dormant state before becoming reactivated to form overt metastases. The precise interactions between tumor cells and the bone microenvironment that promote survival, dormancy, and reactivation are currently unknown; as a result, bone metastases remain incurable. In this review we discuss the unique cellular and microenvironmental features of endosteal bone that tumor cells engage with to persist and survive, and ultimately reactivate and proliferate. Specifically, we provide a detailed summary of current perspectives on the processes of tumor cell colonization of the skeleton, and the endosteal bone cells as critical controllers of the dormant cancer cell phenotype, as well as relevant microenvironmental effects such as hypoxia. Evidence for the role of the osteoclast in controlling dormant cancer cell reactivation in bone is highlighted, preceding a discussion of therapeutics targeting the bone microenvironment, including anti‐RANK ligand and bisphosphonate therapies and their potential utility in preventing tumor cell reactivation in addition to protecting bone from tumor‐induced destruction. © 2018 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Mineral Homeostasis in Murine Fetuses Is Sensitive to Maternal Calcitriol but Not to Absence of Fetal Calcitriol
Authors: Ryan Brittany A , Alhani Kamal , Sellars K Berit , Kirby Beth J , St-Arnaud René , Kaufmann Martin , Jones Glenville , Kovacs Christopher S 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT

Vitamin D receptor (VDR) null fetuses have normal serum minerals, parathyroid hormone (PTH), skeletal morphology, and mineralization but increased serum calcitriol, placental calcium transport, and placental expression of Pthrp, Trpv6, and (as reported in this study) Pdia3. We examined Cyp27b1 null fetal mice, which do not make calcitriol, to determine if loss of calcitriol has the same consequences as loss of VDR. Cyp27b1 null and wild-type (WT) females were mated to Cyp27b1+/- males, which generated Cyp27b1 null and Cyp27b1+/- fetuses from Cyp27b1 null mothers, and Cyp27b1+/- and WT fetuses from WT mothers. Cyp27b1 null fetuses had undetectable calcitriol but normal serum calcium and phosphorus, PTH, fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), skeletal mineral content, tibial lengths and morphology, placental calcium transport, and expression of Trpv6 and Pthrp; conversely, placental Pdia3 was downregulated. However, although Cyp27b1+/- and null fetuses of Cyp27b1 null mothers were indistinguishable, they had higher serum and amniotic fluid calcium, lower amniotic fluid phosphorus, lower FGF23, and higher 25-hydroxyvitamin D and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D than in WT and Cyp27b1+/- fetuses of WT mothers. In summary, loss of fetal calcitriol did not alter mineral or bone homeostasis, but Cyp27b1 null mothers altered mineral homeostasis in their fetuses independent of fetal genotype. Cyp27b1 null fetuses differ from Vdr null fetuses, possibly through high levels of calcitriol acting on Pdia3 in Vdr nulls to upregulate placental calcium transport and expression of Trpv6 and Pthrp. In conclusion, maternal calcitriol influences fetal mineral metabolism, whereas loss of fetal calcitriol does not. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of 2‐(4‐Aminophenyl)benzothiazole Analogues as Antiproliferative Agents
Authors: Narva Suresh , Chitti Surendar , Amaroju Suresh , Goud Sridhar , Alvala Mallika , Bhattacharjee Debanjan , Jain Nishant , Kondapalli Venkata Gowri Chandra Sekhar 
Published: December 2018

A series of 28 novel 2‐(4‐aminophenyl)benzothiazole analogues have been synthesized and characterized using various analytical techniques like 1H NMR, 13C NMR, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and IR and bioevaluated for their antiproliferative activity over a group of three human cancer cell lines, namely, lung cancer (A549), cervical cancer (HeLa), and breast cancer (MDA‐MB‐231), using sulforhodamine B assay method. Few synthesized molecules (5a, 5c, 5d, 5f, 7b, and 7j) displayed effective growth inhibition (GI50) activity against the tested human cancer cell lines at lower micromolar concentration (GI50) values in the range 0.2–1.7 μM. Noticeably, compound 7b exhibited reasonable activity in all three cancer cell lines in the GI50 range 0.55–1.2 μM. Further, when 7b was screened for tubulin polymerization inhibition, it exhibited more than 55% inhibition at concentration of 5.0 μM. The molecular docking simulations supported the molecular interactions of the derivatives with the targeted receptor. These derivatives may serve as lead structures for development of potential anticancer drug candidates, and 7b might act as a potential microtubule polymerization inhibitor.
Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Quinoxaline Derivatives as a Potent Antimicrobial Agent
Authors: Dewangan Dhansay , Nakhate Kartik , Mishra Achal , Thakur Alok Singh , Rajak Harish , Dwivedi Jaya , Sharma Swapnil , Paliwal Sarvesh 
Published: December 2018

A series of quinoxalinone derivatives were synthesized by the reaction of o‐phenylenediamine with oxalic acid to yield 1, 4‐dihydro quinoxaline‐2, 3‐dione (1) and then treated with thionyl chloride to yield 2, 3 dichloro quinoxaline (2). This was further reacted with hydrazine hydrate to produce 2, 3‐dihydrazinyl quinoxaline (3). This was finally reacted with substituted aromatic aldehydes to produce 2,3‐bis[2‐(sustituted benzylidine) hydrazinyl] quinoxalines (4). These quinoxalinone derivatives were characterized by infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and MASS spectral data. All the synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity. The results of the antimicrobial study revealed that compounds 4c, 4d, and 4i were active and exhibited better inhibitory activities as compared to standard drug ciprofloxacin. The results were further checked with protein legend interaction by using docking studies, and all the compounds exhibited good docking scores between −8.72 and −11.29 kcal/mol against dihydrofolate reductase protein fragment from Staphylococcus aureus (PDB ID‐4XE6). Among all compound, 4c has shown maximum docking score and found in agreement to in vitro studies.
Improving transparency and scientific rigor in academic publishing
Authors: Prager Eric M. , Chambers Karen E. , Plotkin Joshua L. , McArthur David L. , Bandrowski Anita E. , Bansal Nidhi , Martone Maryann E. , Bergstrom Hadley C. , Bespalov Anton , Graf Chris 
Published: December 2018

AbstractProgress in basic and clinical research is slowed when researchers fail to provide a complete and accurate report of how a study was designed, executed, and the results analyzed. Publishing rigorous scientific research involves a full description of the methods, materials, procedures, and outcomes. Investigators may fail to provide a complete description of how their study was designed and executed because they may not know how to accurately report the information or the mechanisms are not in place to facilitate transparent reporting. Here, we provide an overview of how authors can write manuscripts in a transparent and thorough manner. We introduce a set of reporting criteria that can be used for publishing, including recommendations on reporting the experimental design and statistical approaches. We also discuss how to accurately visualize the results and provide recommendations for peer reviewers to enhance rigor and transparency. Incorporating transparency practices into research manuscripts will significantly improve the reproducibility of the results by independent laboratories.
El Niño–Southern Oscillation incidence over long dry sequences and their impact on soil water storage in Argentina
Authors: Penalba Olga C. , Pántano Vanesa C. , Spescha Liliana B. , Murphy Guillermo M. 
Published: December 2018

The deficit of daily precipitation, persistent over time (long dry sequences [LDS]), causes economic losses in the east–northeast of Argentina where agriculture production is the main economic activity. For this reason, an improvement in the seasonal prediction of the frequency of precipitation is required. Among several forcings influencing the region of study, El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has been identified as responsible for a great part of the inter‐annual variability of precipitation. Therefore, in this study, we assess the ENSO signal on LDS and the response of soil water storage under the different phases.In order to assess this issue, daily data were used from 30 meteorological stations. Based on this information, dry sequences were quantified considering a dry day when the accumulated precipitation of two consecutive days was lower than 5 mm. From the dry sequences, two different thresholds were used to identify LDS. On one hand, the 85th percentile was selected as a spatially variable threshold and, on the other hand, 15‐day length was used as a fixed one. Based on this selection, the severity and the number of LDS were analysed. In general terms, La Niña (El Niño) phase presents higher (lower) severity and higher (lower) probability in the occurrence of more than one LDS per season, except in winter. This result is in concordance with negative (positive) anomalies of accumulated precipitation under La Niña (El Niño) phase. Regarding the impact on the water balance, soil water storage responds to accumulated precipitation anomalies in all the seasons.
Prediction of Prolonged ICU Stay in Cardiac Surgery Patients as a Useful Method to Identify Nutrition Risk in Cardiac Surgery Patients: A Post Hoc Analysis of a Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Stoppe Christian , Ney Julia , Lomivorotov Vladimir V. , Efremov Sergey M. , Benstoem Carina , Hill Aileen , Nesterova Ekaterina , Laaf Elena , Goetzenich Andreas , McDonald Bernard , Peine Arne , Marx Gernot , Fehnle Karl , Heyland Daren K. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundCardiovascular surgery patients with a prolonged intensive care unit (ICU) stay may benefit most from early nutrition support. Using established scoring systems for nutrition assessment and operative risk stratification, we aimed to develop a model to predict a prolonged ICU stay ≥5 days in order to identify patients who will benefit from early nutrition interventions.MethodsThis is a retrospective analysis of a prospective observational study of patients undergoing elective valvular, coronary artery bypass grafting, or combined cardiac surgery. The nutrition risk was assessed by well‐established screening tools. Patients’ preoperative EuroSCORE (European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation), primary disease, and intraoperative cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time were included as independent variables in a multivariate logistic regression analysis to predict a prolonged ICU stay (>4 days).ResultsThe number of cardiac surgery patients included was 1193. Multivariate analysis revealed that for prediction of ICU stay >4 days, both Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (area under the curve (AUC): 0.716, P = .020) and Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) score (AUC: 0.715, P = .037) were significant, whereas for prediction of ICU stay >5 days, only the MNA score showed significant results (AUC: 0.762, P = .011).ConclusionPresent data provide first evidence about the combined use of EuroSCORE, primary disease, CPB time, and nutrition risk screening tools for prediction of prolonged ICU stay in cardiac surgery patients. If prospectively evaluated in adequately designed studies, this model may help to identify patients with prolonged ICU stay to initiate early postoperative nutrition therapy and thus, facilitate an enhanced recovery.
Hospital discharge opioid guidelines and policies: a Victorian survey
Authors: Downie Shane P. , Wood Penelope J. , Summers Richard J. , McDonough Michael , Wong Grace O. Y. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundOpioid prescribing has increased over the past two decades in Australia and has been associated with a rise in opioid‐related harm, including hospitalisations. Guidelines for supplying opioids at discharge from hospitals may reduce these associated risks. Examples of these guidelines exist worldwide, but it is unknown what strategies Victorian hospitals are using.AimThe aim of the present study was to discover what strategies, if any, Victorian hospitals are using to decrease risk associated with opioids prescribed on discharge and the perceived barriers to implementing these strategies.MethodsAn online survey was sent to each Victorian hospital. Participants were asked questions about whether their service was using an opioid discharge guideline, the barriers to using these guidelines and whether they would use industry‐ or peer‐developed guidelines if available.ResultsStaff from 41 (19.62%) hospitals responded to the survey. Ten hospitals reported having a guideline. Nearly half (41.5%) of the hospitals that did not have a guideline reported that they would consider using an industry‐ or peer‐developed guideline. Time, funding, collaboration between stakeholders and staffing inconsistencies were reported as barriers to development and implementation.ConclusionOnly a small number of Victorian hospitals are using opioid discharge prescribing guidelines. Development of industry‐ or peer‐developed guidelines may bypass many of the barriers to development and implementation.
Cover Image, Volume 99, Issue 1
Authors: Huang Yaohua , Ye Xiaofei P , Doona Christopher J , Feeherry Florence E , Radosevich Mark , Wang Siqun 
Published: December 2018

The cover image is based on the Research Article An investigation of inactivation mechanisms of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens spores in non‐thermal plasma of ambient air by Yaohua Huang et al., DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9198.
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Scoured or suffocated: Urban stream ecosystems oscillate between hydrologic and dissolved oxygen extremes
Authors: Blaszczak Joanna R. , Delesantro Joseph M. , Urban Dean L. , Doyle Martin W. , Bernhardt Emily S. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractHeadwater streams draining urbanized watersheds are subject to frequent and intense storm flows. These floods can disrupt metabolic processes occurring in benthic biofilms via the removal of biomass (i.e., scouring flows, bed mobilization) or light attenuation due to turbidity. Furthermore, channel incision caused by frequent hydraulic disturbance alters the geomorphology of streams, indirectly changing the flow and light regimes experienced by benthic biofilms. We measured dissolved oxygen (DO) and modeled whole‐stream metabolism for 18 months in six urban headwater streams in the North Carolina Piedmont, U.S.A. All streams were heterotrophic and had low rates of productivity despite relatively high streamwater nutrient concentrations. Light availability at the channel surface explained more of the day to day variation in gross primary productivity within each stream than did hydrologic disturbance. Yet among streams, the explanatory power of light declined with increasing hydrologic flashiness. We found a surprisingly wide range in DO regimes, which ranged from frequent hypoxia to near constant saturation. Hypoxia was more common in streams with lower channel gradients where bedrock outcroppings and culverts create rapid slope transitions between pools. We hypothesize this geomorphic change increases the susceptibility of benthic biota to perturbation during storms and the mean water residence time during baseflow. Increased water residence times together with elevated organic matter and nutrient inputs can set up ideal conditions for hypoxia at baseflows punctuated by frequent scouring storm flows. As a result, benthic biota are caught between hydrologic and chemical extremes that constrain their productivity.
Intertidal clams exhibit population synchrony across spatial and temporal scales
Authors: Barber Julie S. , Ruff Casey P. , McArdle James T. , Hunter Lindy L. , Speck Camille A. , Rogers Douglas W. , Greiner Courtney M. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractLong‐term datasets can be particularly useful for parsing out factors influencing populations, yet few studies have utilized continuous datasets to quantify population dynamics in bivalve molluscs. We used dynamic factor analysis on a clam biomass dataset spanning 28 yr and five distinct regions in the southern Salish Sea to determine (1) if native intertidal clam populations exhibit synchrony and (2) what environmental covariates may be correlated with these population trends. Once covariates were accounted for, the model with the most data support included three predominant trends to describe multidecadal change in clam biomass. Intraspecific synchrony was highest among Saxidomus gigantea and Leukoma staminea populations, with no clear evidence of covariance in Clinocardium nuttallii. Specifically, we quantified a pronounced decadal decline in L. staminea and an increase in S. gigantea biomass on most beaches. No beaches showed synchrony in trends across all three species, indicating that species‐specific trends (regardless of location) were more common than beach‐specific trends (regardless of species). Seven environmental covariates were evaluated in their capacity to explain variability in annual mean biomass. Of these, the North Pacific Gyre Oscillation lagged 4 yr prior to the observation year was most supported by the data in the best fitting model, implying that 4 yr old clam biomass is partially determined by oceanographic processes affecting larval clams. Although results suggest large‐scale density‐independent factors play a role in venerid clam population dynamics, it is also likely local factors account for variability not explained by our model.
Outcomes of long‐pulsed 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser treatment of basal cell carcinoma: A retrospective review
Authors: Ahluwalia Jusleen , Avram Mathew M. , Ortiz Arisa E. 
Published: December 2018

Background and ObjectiveRecent prospective trials have supported treatment of nonfacial BCC with long‐pulsed 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser based on short‐term histologic clearance rates. Studies have yet to identify the long‐term clinical clearance rates of this specific laser therapy for BCC.Study Design/Material and MethodsThis is a retrospective review of BCC treated with long‐pulsed 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser, which have been clinically monitored for at least 6 months, to assess for recurrence and cosmetic outcomes of the treated area.Results16 BCC lesions (11 subjects) treated with 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser were enrolled. Our analysis revealed 100% clearance rate in all subjects (16 of 16 BCC) treated with long‐pulsed Nd:YAG laser based on mean follow‐up of 9 months (range 6–15 months). Minimal scarring and no long‐term adverse events were noted.ConclusionsThis study supports the use of 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser as a therapeutic modality for BCC based on the absence of clinical recurrence upon a mean follow‐up of 9 months. As studies progress, we are beginning to observe a potential role for laser as an alternative to patients who refuse surgery, have multiple co‐morbidities, or decline non‐surgical therapies. Laser treatment with 1064 nm Nd:YAG is an evolving, promising story that we continue to investigate to optimize parameters. Lasers Surg. Med. 51:34–39, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Topological elementary equivalence of regular semi‐algebraic sets in three‐dimensional space
Authors: Geerts Floris , Kuijpers Bart 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWe consider semi‐algebraic sets and properties of these sets that are expressible by sentences in first‐order logic over the reals. We are interested in first‐order properties that are invariant under topological transformations of the ambient space. Two semi‐algebraic sets are called topologically elementarily equivalent if they cannot be distinguished by such topological first‐order sentences. So far, only semi‐algebraic sets in one and two‐dimensional space have been considered in this context. Our contribution is a natural characterisation of topological elementary equivalence of regular closed semi‐algebraic sets in three‐dimensional space, extending a known characterisation for the two‐dimensional case. Our characterisation is based on the local topological behaviour of semi‐algebraic sets and the key observation that topologically elementarily equivalent sets can be transformed into each other by means of geometric transformations, each of them mapping a set to a first‐order indistinguishable one.
Boundedness of solutions to the critical fully parabolic quasilinear one‐dimensional Keller–Segel system
Authors: Bieganowski Bartosz , Cieślak Tomasz , Fujie Kentarou , Senba Takasi 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn this paper we consider a one‐dimensional fully parabolic quasilinear Keller–Segel system with critical nonlinear diffusion. We show uniform‐in‐time boundedness of solutions, which means, that unlike in higher dimensions, there is no critical mass phenomenon in the case of critical diffusion. To this end we utilize estimates from a well‐known Lyapunov functional and a recently introduced new Lyapunov‐like functional in .