bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
10181- NI-14 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN METHIONINE PET FINDINGS AND CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR PATHOLOGICAL FEATURES IN BRAIN TUMORS
Authors: Shiba Yoshiki , Ohka Fumiharu , Deguchi Shoichi , Yamaguchi Junya , Maeda Sachi , Saito Ryuta 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

INTRODUCTION
The usefulness of methionine PET scan in the diagnosis of brain tumors is widely recognized, and it is frequently used to distinguish nonneoplastic lesions in primary tumors and radiation necrosis in recurrent lesions. It is also useful in surgery to identify the extent of resection due to its ability to be taken up by actively dividing tumor cells.

METHODS
We retrospectively analyzed electronic medical records and genetic analysis data of 744 consecutive patients who underwent methionine PET examination at our department from February 2019 to April 2023. During this period, tumor cases and suspected tumor cases were basically included in the study.

RESULTS
There were 34 cases in which the pathological diagnosis of the excised specimen was “tumor” despite the absence of significant methionine accumulation. These included astrocytoma WHO Grade 2, cavernous hemangioma, and spinal ependymoma. On the other hand, 44 patients with a final diagnosis of “non-neoplastic disease” showed methionine accumulation. All patients with Glioblastoma and Oligodendroglioma were MET-PET positive, while 18 of 46 patients with Diffuse astrocytoma did not show methionine accumulation. Diffuse astrocytoma without methionine uptake tended to have better O S and P F S than those with methionine uptake.

CONCLUSION
Methionine PET is useful for the diagnosis of neoplastic disease, but it should be used with caution, especially in astrocytomas, because some cases were found to have no uptake, and a certain number of non-tumor cases were found to have uptake. In the treatment of patients with astrocytoma, data integration with intraoperative MRI and intraoperative molecular analysis techniques may improve the accuracy of surgery, and we report an actual case.
10293- ML-18 FLOW CYTOMETRY IS EFFECTIVE FOR THE RAPID DIAGNOSIS OF PRIMARY CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM LYMPHOMA
Authors: Nakamura Hikaru , Hiu Takeshi , Yoshida Michiharu , Kato Takeharu , Baba Shiro , Ujifuku Kenta , Morofuji Yoichi , Yoshida Koichi , Hayashi Yukishige , Miyazaki Yasushi , Matsuo Takayuki 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

INTRODUCTION
Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is characterized by an extremely high proliferation rate, making early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention crucial. To facilitate rapid diagnosis, our hospital has implemented flow cytometry (FCM) in addition to conventional histopathological methods. We evaluated the effectiveness of FCM for the rapid diagnosis of PCNSL.

METHODS
From 2010 to 2023, we retrospectively analyzed 67 consecutive patients with suspected PCNSL based on preoperative imaging findings, in whom FCM was performed using intraoperative specimens. B cell clonality was determined when CD19 or CD20 was expressed in 20% or more and the κ/λratio was either &gt;3.0 or &lt;0.5.

RESULTS
Pathological diagnosis confirmed PCNSL in 42 cases, all of which were diagnosed as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Six cases (14.3%) of PCNSL patients were discordant with FCM (FCM-D). In contrast, all cases of other tumor types were FCM-D. The sensitivity and specificity of FCM were 85.7% and 100%, respectively. Additionally, T cell surface markers such as CD3, CD4, CD5, and CD8 were significantly elevated in the FCM-D group of PCNSL patients (p&lt;0.01).

DISCUSSION
FCM results can be obtained within a few hours after tissue collection. With a specificity of 100%, FCM provides a reliable basis for early therapeutic intervention and is anticipated to improve postoperative Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) and overall survival (OS) in the future. The FCM-D cases among PCNSL patients may have indicated the infiltration of T lymphocytes. Sensitivity could potentially be improved by analyzing multiple samples with FCM.

CONCLUSION
FCM can serve as a reliable basis for the rapid diagnosis and therapeutic intervention of PCNSL patients.
10031- MET-5 CHANGES IN PROGNOSTIC FACTORS IN PATIENTS WITH BRAIN METASTASES FROM LUNG CANCER
Authors: Yamamoto Yohei , Tanaka Toshihide , Teshigawara Akihiko , Ishii Takuya , Akasaki Yasuharu , Murayama Yuichi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

INTRODUCTION
In recent years, lung cancer treatment has undergone a turning point. A retrospective analysis was conducted to examine the changes in prognostic factors over time in cases of brain metastasis.

METHODS AND SUBJECTS
The study included 186 patients with metastatic brain tumors from lung cancer treated at the Third Hospital of the Jikei University School of Medicine from 2014 to 2023. The study was divided into two 5-year periods, and a statistical analysis of background factors and factors related to survival time was performed retrospectively. Factors were extracted from pretreatment factors such as age, number of metastases, and metastasis to other organs, and treatment factors such as surgical treatment and chemotherapy.

RESULTS
The average survival time was significantly extended from 4.7 months in the first group(F) to 10.9 months in the second group(S). In S, the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), cases of neuronal death, and cases of stereotactic radiation therapy increased, and whole-brain irradiation decreased. Factors related to prolonged survival in F were surgery, high Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS), stereotactic radiation therapy, and molecular targeted drugs (MTD), while in S, high KPS, stereotactic radiation therapy, use of MTD, and use of ICI. When limited to cases where ICI was used, prolonged prognosis was observed in adenocarcinomas not suitable for molecular targeted drugs, and squamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinomas in all cases in which they were used.

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
In the treatment of lung cancer brain metastases, opportunities for stereotactic radiation therapy and ICI have increased, and it has been shown that these drugs prolong prognosis. In particular, the number of treatment targets for ICI is likely to expand in the future, and their therapeutic effect on brain metastases alone has also been reported.
10194- MET-15 USEFULNESS OF DWIBS IN SYSTEMIC EXAMINATION FOR METASTATIC BRAIN TUMOR
Authors: Koyahara Yuki , Hirai Nozomi , Saito Norihiko , Yagihashi Akinori , Takahagi Syusaku , Hiramoto Yu , Fujita Satoshi , Nakayama Haruo , Hayashi Morito , Ito Keisuke , Iwabuchi Satoshi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

INTRODUCTION
DWIBS is an abbreviation for Diffusion Weighted Whole Imaging with Background body signal Suppression. It is an imaging method that uses MRI diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) to image the entire body in multiple locations and then integrates them to form a wide-area image. In recent years, MRI has been used to search for heat sources of unidentified fever and distant metastasis of cancer. In this report, we describe two cases in which DWIBS was useful in the search for the primary tumor in patients with brain metastases.

CASE PRESENTATION
Case 1: Male in his 60s. The patient presented with headache and diplopia, and MRI showed a neoplastic lesion in the clivus bone. A transnasal endoscopic surgery was performed, and he was diagnosed with bone metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma. Contrast-enhanced whole body CT showed similar findings, and the patient was found to have brain metastasis of esophageal cancer. Case 2: Male, 50s. He presented with a complaint of left facial paralysis and left incomplete paralysis, and a head MRI showed a brain tumor in the right middle frontal gyrus. A craniotomy was performed, and the pathological diagnosis was adenocarcinoma. A systemic search did not reveal a primary tumor, and the patient was diagnosed with cancer of unknown primary, but later lung lesions became apparent. The DWIBS performed at that time also showed a high signal at the site where lung cancer was diagnosed.

DISCUSSION
In Japan, MRI is widely used, and DWIBS is gradually becoming popular as a whole-body search method because it can be performed with current MRI equipment. DWIBS may be an option for primary tumor detection in facilities or regions where 18F-FDG PET is not readily available.

CONCLUSION
DWIBS may be useful for close examination of primary metastatic brain tumors, and more cases should be accumulated in the future.
10058- COT-7 EFFICACY AND CHALLENGES REVEALED BY A SURVEY ON CANCER GENOME PROFILING IN BRAIN TUMORS
Authors: Koizumi Shinichiro , Oishi Tomoya , Yamasaki Tomohiro , Kida Satoshi , Kurozumi Kazuhiko 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

INTRODUCTION
Cancer genomic profiling (CGP) testing has become increasingly important in the WHO2021 classification, supporting molecular diagnosis and providing new approaches to personalized treatment and prevention. However, challenges remain regarding the specific impact on personalized treatment and hereditary tumor diagnosis, as well as the current medical service provision system. In this study, we investigated the actual state of personalized treatment and hereditary tumor diagnosis, and the subsequent intervention process and the establishment of medical service provision system for brain tumor cases in which CGP testing was performed at our hospital.

METHODS
The study included 28 brain tumor cases in which CGP testing was performed using Foundation One CDx, GenMineTOP, or NCC Oncopanel between May 2020 and July 2024. Based on the results, including genetic risk assessment, the presence or absence of drug suggestions and the diagnosis of hereditary tumors were analyzed to evaluate the effectiveness of personalized treatment.

RESULTS
Efficacy of Molecular Diagnosis: CGP testing enabled molecular diagnoses such as IDH mutations and TERTp mutations, demonstrating its efficacy as an adjunct to diagnosis based on the WHO2021 classification. Personalized Medicine and Drug Recommendations: Mutations such as BRAF V600E, IDH1 R132H and TMB-high were detected. It was confirmed that 21% of cases could be treated with molecular targeted drugs or checkpoint inhibitors. Diagnosis of Hereditary Tumors: CGP testing identified presumed pathogenic germline variant, making it possible to intervene with in cases diagnosed with Lynch syndrome.

CONCLUSION
CGP testing plays a crucial role in individualized treatment and in the diagnosis and prevention of hereditary tumors. Collaboration with genetic medical departments is essential, and a robust system construction is required. Challenges include quality assurance of the testing technology, costs, and widespread adoption within the healthcare system, and collaboration for early detection of hereditary tumors and provision of information to families is particularly important.
10128- COT-15 CURRENT STATUS AND CHALLENGES OF COMPREHENSIVE GENOME PROFILING FOR CNS TUMORS
Authors: Takahashi Yoshinobu , Ogawa Takahiro , Taniyama Ichita , Yamanaka Takumi , Hashimoto Naoya 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Comprehensive Genome Profiling (CGP) has been covered by insurance since June 2019. This advancement has enabled the identification of therapeutic target gene mutations, improving access to drugs through clinical trials and patient-requested therapy programs. However, it has been noted that the number of cases that actually lead to treatment remains low. This study aims to examine the current status of CGP for brain and spinal cord tumor patients, assessing its utility and challenges.

METHODS
We investigated 46 cases of central nervous system tumors that underwent CGP by April 2024. The focus was on the detection of MSI-H, TMB-H, NTRK fusion genes, and BRAF gene mutations, as well as the genetic mutations associated with recommended drugs, and examined the cases that led to actual treatment.

RESULTS
The median age of the patients was 50 years. The breakdown included 26 cases of adult-type diffuse glioma, 5 cases of diffuse midline glioma with H3 K27M alteration, 1 case of pilomyxoid astrocytoma, 2 cases of ependymal tumors, 3 cases of atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT), 3 cases of anaplastic meningioma, and 6 other cases. MSI-H and TMB-H were found in 1 case of glioblastoma, TMB-H alone in 3 cases, NTRK fusion gene in 1 case of spinal glioma, and BRAF V600E mutation in 1 case of glioblastoma. Thirty cases (65%) received some form of recommendation, with 6 cases (13%) receiving drug treatment. Only the spinal glioma with the NTRK fusion gene showed significant improvement with entrectinib.

CONCLUSION
While CGP is useful for identifying genetic abnormalities, its connection to actual treatment is limited. Future efforts should focus on developing new therapies and enhancing clinical trials, as well as exploring high-precision biomarkers and detailed analyses of the relationship between treatment history, clinical information, and genetic abnormalities.
IL-2 OPTIMIZED SYSTEMS FOR THE STUDY OF GLIOMA DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY.
Authors: Pieper Russell O 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Our understanding of gliomagenesis, and in turn our ability to develop therapeutics targeting glioma, are highly dependent on the systems we use to study these issues. Historically our knowledge was based on the establishment of glioma cells in culture, on the genetic manipulation of these cells, and on their short-term in vitro response to therapeutics. The limitations of these studies however are obvious and include in vitro pressures that select for cells that grow in culture regardless of their importance in vivo, the focus on cultures that grow rapidly enough for quick analysis, and the lack of micro environmental context. Initial efforts to move away from such systems took two forms: first the generation of genetically defined glioma cells derived from normal precursors by serial genetic manipulation, and second the development of patient-derived xenografts (PDX). The former approach has been successful in defining pathways critical for glioma formation and in defining the roles of proteins commonly altered in glioma such as IDH1, while the latter PDX approach has also proven useful in therapeutic testing. Against this background, attempts are now being made to directly study glioma cells under non-selective conditions and in their natural environment. The use of so-called tumor organoids involves placing small biopsy pieces of glioma ranging from low-grade glioma to GBM directly into culture using serum-free medias and hypoxic conditions which more closely mimic those of the tumor in vivo. Under these conditions organoids survive, proliferate in a manner more closely associated with the actual tumor, and retain a variety of microenvironmental cues and genetic identity. Furthermore, the development of -omics approaches to measure drug response may allow these systems to more accurately test new therapies.
Portable EEG in groups shows increased brain coupling to strong health messages
Authors: Imhof Martin A , Flösch Karl-Philipp , Schmälzle Ralf , Renner Britta , Schupp Harald T 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Health messages are core building blocks of public health efforts. Neuroscientific measures offer insights into how target audiences receive health messages. To move towards real-world applications, however, challenges regarding costs, lab restraints, and slow data acquisition need to be addressed. Using portable electroencephalography (EEG) and inter-subject correlation (ISC) analysis as measure of message strength, we ask whether these challenges can be met. Portable EEG was recorded while participants viewed strong and weak video health messages against risky alcohol use. Participants viewed the messages either individually or in a focus group-like setting with six participants simultaneously. For both viewing conditions, three correlated components were extracted. The topographies of these components showed a high spatial correlation with previous high-density EEG results. Moreover, ISC was strongly enhanced when viewing strong as compared to weak health messages in both the group and individual viewing conditions. The findings suggest that ISC analysis shows sensitivity to message strength, even in a group setting using low-density portable EEG. Measuring brain responses to messages in group settings is more efficient and scalable beyond the laboratory. Overall, these results support a translational perspective for the use of neuroscientific measures in health message development.
The impact of circulating nucleosomes on inflammation in acute lung injury
Authors: Dutta Saugata , Zhu Yin , Almuntashiri Sultan , Somanath Payaningal R. , Islam Shaheen , Zhi Wenbo , Ramírez Gustavo , Regino Nora , Leyva‐Zilli María Jose , Muñoz‐Guido Victoria , Jiménez‐Alvarez Luis , Cruz‐Lagunas Alfredo , Rodriguez‐Reyna Tatiana S. , Zuñiga Joaquin , Wang Xiaoyun , Zhang Duo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractExtracellular histones are released in two major forms: free histones and nucleosomes (DNA‐bound histones). However, little distinction has been made between these two forms of circulating extracellular histones. Our study detected increased circulating nucleosomes in acute lung injury patients. Further, our group identified nucleosomes as the leading form of extracellular histones compared to free histones in the plasma of COVID‐19 patients, underscoring the necessity to reassess the forms of circulating histones and nucleosome contributions to immunopathology. Functionally, nucleosomes activated macrophages and induced inflammation in different organs. Mechanistically, we observed nucleosomes activating the NF‐κB signaling, while inhibition of NF‐κB by sulfasalazine attenuated nucleosome‐induced macrophage activation. Taken together, our study indicates that extracellular histones are predominantly released as nucleosomes, playing a critical role in the inflammation of the lungs and other organs.
CD11b deficiency attenuates the ischemia/reperfusion‐induced AKI‐to‐CKD process by regulating macrophage polarization
Authors: Zhou Huili , Zhao Shuan , Zhou Min , Fang Yi , Tsuboi Naotake , Ding Xiaoqiang , Shi Yiqin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSevere acute kidney injury (AKI) is a risk factor for the future development of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and macrophages are an essential cell group implicated in injury, repair, and fibrosis during this progress. However, the underlying mechanism of how macrophages participate in the development of the disease is largely unclear. CD11b (Integrin αM) is highly expressed in monocytes/macrophages and has been verified to mediate broad functions. We found that CD11b‐knockout mice were protected from the ischemia/reperfusion‐induced AKI‐to‐CKD process. Additionally, renal macrophages from the kidneys of CD11b‐deficient mice presented an M2‐like, anti‐inflammatory phenotype. We demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo that enhanced alternative activation in CD11b‐knockout macrophages is regulated by the interleukin (IL)‐4/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 6 axis, which is mediated by the inactivation of the Src‐family kinase (SFK) member Lyn. Importantly, the therapeutical administration of CD11b‐neutralizing antibody can effectively prevent AKI‐to‐CKD progress. Thus, our study verifies that CD11b plays a critical role in limiting the alternative activation of macrophages and may be a potential therapeutic target during the AKI‐to‐CKD process.
Correlation between CT spectral quantitative parameters and expression levels of HIF-1α and ALX1 in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Jia Yulin , Sun Qiulian , Wang Yiqiao , Jiang Hao , Xiao Xigang 
Published: November 2024

To detect the expression levels of hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1α) and aristaless-like homeobox 1 (ALX1) in non-small cell lung cancer and analyze the relationship between CT spectral quantitative parameters and immunohistochemical markers, in order to evaluate the biological characteristics of lung cancer by spectral CT. Spectral CT data and paraffin masses of 50 adult patients with lung cancer were collected. CT quantitative parameters including the slope of spectral curve, effective atomic number and iodine concentration in enhanced phases were acquired. Expression levels of HIF-1α and ALX1 were detected by immunohistochemical tests, and compared between different pathological types and differentiation grades of tumor cells. CT quantitative parameters at different expression levels of HIF-1α and ALX1 were compared, respectively. The relationship between CT quantitative parameters and expression levels of HIF-1α and ALX1 were analyzed. There was no significant difference of expression levels of HIF-1α and ALX1 between adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Expression levels of HIF-1α among different differentiation grades of tumor cells had significant difference (χ2
= 27.100, P < .001), while without significant difference in ALX1 expression. CT spectral parameters had significant difference among expression levels of HIF-1α and ALX1 (P < .01). There was a positive correlation between each CT spectral parameter and the expression level of immunohistochemical markers. CT spectral quantitative parameters are significantly different among expression levels of immunohistochemical markers. The positive correlation between CT quantitative parameter and expression level of immunohistochemical markers suggests CT spectral imaging could predict biological characteristics of tumors.
Electroacupuncture versus 5-HT4 receptor agonist for functional constipation: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Xu Shanchun , Li Jiacheng , Wang Aimei 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Functional constipation (FC) has been found as a chronic gastrointestinal disease that is commonly diagnosed in patients. However, patients have a low satisfaction level with the treatment of constipation drugs (e.g., 5-HT4 agonists). A meta-analysis was performed to compare the efficacy and safety between electroacupuncture and 5-HT4 agonists.

Methods:
The included study were randomized controlled trials (RCTs), in which EA was used in the experimental group and 5-HT4 receptor agonist was used in the control group. Four English databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase) and 4 Chinese databases (China National Knowledge Infrastructure, CBM, WanFang, VIP) were searched. Relevant studies retrieved were published before September 30, 2024. The risk of bias was assessed by tool of Cochrane and GRADEpro. The Review Manager 5.4 was used for analyzing Data analysis, and Endnote X9 for screening studies.

Results:
In this paper, we included 12 studies, involving 1473 participants. We found that EA significantly improved patient assessment of cab quality of life questionnaire (PAC-QOL) (MD = −0.52, P = .03), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) (MD = −3.00, P < .00001) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) (MD = −4.13, P < .00001) compared with 5-HT4 receptor agonists. In addition, we failed to identify any significant difference in Stool consistency, the number of weekly complete spontaneous bowel movements and weekly spontaneous bowel movements (SBMs) between the 2 groups.

Conclusion:
EA has been indicated to be better than 5-HT4 receptor agonists since it can more effectively improve FC patients’ life quality and mental state without an increased risk of adverse even. However, the previous evidence is characterized by low quality and small sample size, which should be further confirmed by high-quality and large-sample multicenter RCTs.