bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EL SISTEMA INTERAMERICANO Y LA PROTECCIÓN DE LOS DERECHO HUMANOS DE LAS MUJERES: MONITOREO DE LAS PETICIONES CONTRA BRASIL (2006-15)
Authors: Silva Ianá Priscilla de Oliveira , Marchioni Alessandra 
Published: December 2018

Este artículo contextualiza el desarrollo de los derechos humanos de las mujeres en la contemporaneidad, haciendo hincapié del sistema regional de protección y de la Convención Americana de Derechos Humanos/1969. En este contexto, son identificados los derechos específicos relativos a la protección de las mujeres y de los órganos de control administrativo y judicial con competencia para procesar y decidir sobre las demandas propuestas. Este estudio pretende investigar la hipótesis de que el sistema de peticiones individuales o quejas (individual complaints) propuestas junto a la Comisión Interamericana de Derechos Humanos es mecanismo de control y mecanismo capaz de reflejar la situación de violación de los derechos contra la mujer en el país y puede funcionar como instrumento alternativo para garantizar los derechos humanos.
Determination of the Nutritional Element Concentrations of Evelik Plant (Rumex crispus L.)
Authors: DAŞTAN Taner , SARAÇ Handan 
Published: December 2018

Evelik plant (Rumex crispus
L.), which is also known as Labada plant, is a perennial herbaceous plant
specie belonging to Polygonaceae family that are mostly a meter in length. Rumex species have a distribution in the
Northern hemisphere and have more than 100 species. In Turkey, 24 Rumex species
are present. Evelik leaves are used frequently in the Anatolia for the
preparation of stuffed wraps. Additionally, it is one of the oldest plants
known to be used for herbal remedies. It is believed that this plant is
especially potent in gastrointestinal illnesses. Evelik leaves, but especially
the roots are used for drugs in medicine. In the present study, determination
of macro and micro nutritional elements was aimed in Evelik leaves sampled from
naturally grown plants in Sivas province. Phosphor (P) was determined
calorimetrically at 882 nm by using spectrophotometer. Potassium (K), Iron
(Fe), Manganese (Mn), Zinc (Zn), and Copper (Cu) were determined by using
Atomic absorbtion spectrometry. Nitrogen (N) was determined by using Kjeldahl
distillation method. Results revealed that the element concentrations
determined in Evelik leaves were N (2.59 %); P (0.360 %); K (6.85 %); Mg (0.66
%); Ca (0.48 %); Fe (225.8 mg/kg); Zn (27.5 mg/kg); Mn (30.4 mg/kg); Cu (8.9
mg/kg). In conclusion, it was revealed that the Evelik leaves are sufficient
for both macro and micro nutritional elements and have a higher K
concentration.
Evaluation of Analysis Results and Element Analysis of Salted Field Plant Spergularia rubra (L) J. Presl & C. Presl Using Chemometric Techniques
Authors: TEĞİN İbrahim , YÜKSEL Uyan , FİDAN Mehmet 
Published: December 2018

Spergularia (Caryophyllaceae) is
seen as a cosmopolitan breed, ranging from temperate regions of all continents
to sub-tropical climate regions, except for the Antarctic continent. Many of
these strains have been investigated chemically and pharmacologically, such as
hypoglycemic, diuretic, antihypertensive and cholesterol-lowering
agents, antidiabetic, anti-cholinesterase antidiabetic agents. There are seven
species of the genus second side being endemic in Turkey. In this study, all
samples collected had been digested by microwave digestion system then element
analysis of Spergularia rubra (L.) bitumen grown in the areas of Akdoğmuş, Çöl,
Çaykaya, Gölgelikonak and Üzümlük in Siirt and surrounding areas was carried
out by ICP-OES. The highest values of Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Li, Mn, Mo, Nb, Pb,
Sb and Se were found to be 1.44, 1.62, 1.95, 8.38, 10.21, 5.78, 64.60, 1.51,
9.78, 2.87, 3.43 mg / L, respectively; Fe, K, Mg and Na values were found to be
1.56, 23.72, 14.82, 33.66 g / L. The highest concentrations of Na and K were
found in Akdoğmuş and the concentrations of Fe and Mg were found in the Çöl.
Chemometric techniques such as correlation, PCA and CA have been applied to
saline areas and elemental contents. In
the chemometric study, it was seen that the correlations at 99% level were very
high. From the principle component analysis (PCA), the first two eigenvalues
were found to be ≥1. Two factors were found after maximal rotation and
commonality.
La construcción interrogativa ¿(a)dólo? en los romanceamientos bíblicos del español antiguo = The ¿(a)dólo? Interrogative sentences in Old Spanish Bible translations
Authors: Del Barrio de la Rosa Florencio 
Published: December 2018

La construcción ¿(a)dólo? ha recibido poca atención en la bibliografía especializada. Este trabajo describe las propiedades gramaticales de la construcción como un tipo de construcción presentativa y existencial. Además, el artículo contribuirá al estudio diacrónico de los enunciados interrogativos, concentrándose en las preguntas retóricas. El análisis mostrará cómo las propiedades gramaticales y las funciones pragmáticas de ¿(a)dólo? convierten esta partícula en un indicador de retoricidad en español antiguo. Desde el punto de vista metodológico, el estudio se beneficia de un corpus paralelo de traducciones bíblicas castellanas y sus fuentes latinas y hebreas (Biblia Medieval). The Old Spanish ¿(a)dólo? particle has barely been described in the literature. This study provides ananalysis of the ¿(a)dólo? sentences as existential/presentational constructions. Likewise, the paper will give some insight into the history of interrogative acts paying close attention to rhetorical questions. The analysis will show that the grammatical properties and pragmatic functions of ¿(a)dólo? enable this particle to signal rhetoricity in Old Spanish. Methodologically, this study profits from a parallel corpus of Old Spanish bible translations and their Latin or Hebrew original texts (Biblia Medieval).
The Life, Work and Legacy of Ernest A. Lynton (1926–1998)
Authors: Ward Elaine 
Published: December 2018

Learning about Ernest Lynton’s rich life has been interesting for me to uncover. Where many of us only know Ernest through his writings, I have come to learn the origins of the motivations for his work and commitments to advancing the public purpose of higher education and the scholarship of engagement.
The significance of the title of the first issue of Metropolitan Universities Journal in 1990, Identity and Culture, is not lost on me as I seek to understand more fully the life, lived experiences, and identity of Ernest A. Lynton that moved him to influence cultural shifts within higher education toward increased value and legitimatization of useful, publicly engaged work. As a researcher, I am driven to understand our individual and collective motivations for our community engagement scholarly work. What are our aspirations for this work and its broader impact in society? Why do what we do and how can what we do influence the greater public good. As a steward of change (Ward and Miller, 2106), I seek ways to use our individual and collective understandings to lift up and advance institutional commitments to civic and community engagement as we help our higher education institutions hold fast to and more fully realize their responsibilities to individuals and communities beyond our walls.
Correlation of the Homeostasis Model Assessment Index and Adiponectin, Leptin and Insulin Levels to Body Mass Index-Associated Gene Polymorphisms in Adolescents
Authors: Martínez-Martínez María D. , Mendieta-Zerón Hugo , Celis Luis , Layton-Tovar Cristian F. , Torres-García Rocío , Gutiérrez-Pliego Laura E. , Camarillo-Romero Eneida , Garduño-García José D. , Camarillo-Romero María D. 
Published: December 2018

Objectives: This study aimed to describe correlations between glucose, insulin and adipokine levels and the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index with regards to the presence/absence of fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) rs9939609 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-y rs1801282 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as indicators of body mass index in adolescents. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between September and December 2016 in Toluca, Mexico. A total of 71 students between 14–18 years old were included. Various anthropometric and laboratory measurements were collected, including lipid profile, glucose, insulin and adipokine levels and HOMA index. The degree of association between variables was evaluated with regards to the presence/absence of the SNPs. Results: Leptin levels were significantly higher among female students (P = 0.001), although adiponectin levels did not differ significantly (P = 0.060). There were significant positive correlations between insulin levels and HOMA index with FTO (r = 0.391; P = 0.007 and r = 0.413; P = 0.005, respectively) and PPARγ (r = 0.529; P = 0.007 and r = 0.537; P = 0.007, respectively) SNPs. Leptin showed a significant positive correlation in the presence of PPARγ (r = 0.483; P = 0.007) or in the absence of both SNPs (r = 0.627; P = 0.039). However, adiponectin was significantly negatively correlated in the presence of FTO, either alone (r = −0.333; P = 0.024) or in combination with PPARγ (r = −0.616; P = 0.043). Conclusion: The presence of FTO and/or PPARγ SNPs might be related to a genetic predisposition to metabolic syndrome.Keywords: Obesity; Body Mass Index; Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms; Fat Mass and Obesity Associated Protein, Human; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor gamma; Adipokines.
Lactate Dehydrogenase and β-Glucuronidase as Salivary Biochemical Markers of Periodontitis Among Smokers and Non-Smokers
Authors: Ali Syed A. , Telgi Ravi L. , Tirth Amit , Tantry Irfan Q. , Aleem Abdul 
Published: December 2018

Objectives: This study aimed to establish lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and β-glucuronidase as salivary biomarkers of periodontitis among smokers and non-smokers. Methods: This cross-sectional case-control study was conducted at the Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India, between January and June 2017. A total of 200 participants were divided into four groups based on their periodontal and smoking statuses. Unstimulated mixed saliva samples were collected to estimate LDH and β-glucuronidase levels. In addition, total protein was estimated using Lowry’s method. Results: There was a significant increase in enzyme activity in the periodontitis groups compared to the non-periodontitis groups (P <0.001). However, significantly lower enzyme activity was observed among smokers, irrespective of periodontal status (P <0.001). Nevertheless, a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated the diagnostic potential of both enzymes to be fair-to-excellent. Conclusion: Although smoking was found to significantly alter enzyme activity, LDH and β-glucuronidase were reliable salivary biomarkers of periodontitis among both smokers and non-smokers.Keywords: Periodontitis; Biomarkers; Saliva; Lactate Dehydrogenase; beta-Glucuronidase; Smoking; Tobacco Use; India.
Prevalence of Infectious Organisms Observed in Cervical Smears Between 1997–2014 at Mubarak Al-Kabeer Hospital, Kuwait
Authors: Al-Awadhi Rana , Al-Shaheen Azza , Al-Juwaiser Ahlam , George Sara S. , Sharma Prem , Kapila Kusum 
Published: December 2018

Objectives: This study aimed to examine gynaecological infectious agents observed in conventional and modified Papanicolaou cervical smears (CS) at a tertiary care hospital in Kuwait. Methods: This retrospective study analysed 121,443 satisfactory CS samples collected between 1997–2014 at the Mubarak Al-Kabeer Hospital, Kuwait. Conventional CS samples were obtained between 1997–2005, while modified CS were obtained between 2006–2014 following the introduction of ThinPrep® testing (Hologic Corp., Bedford, Massachusetts, USA). All samples were initially screened by cytoscreeners before being analysed by cytopathologists to determine the presence of specific infectious agents. Results: Overall, 8,836 (7.28%) of the cervical samples had infectious agents; of these, 62.48% were conventional and 37.52% were modified CS samples. The most frequently observed infectious agents were Candida species (76.05%), Trichomonas vaginalis (9.72%), human papillomavirus (HPV; 9.3%), Actinomyces-like organisms (3.23%), Chlamydia trachomatis (1.27%) and the herpes simplex virus (HSV; 0.43%). There were significantly more cases of Candida species, HPV-associated changes, C. trachomatis, T. vaginalis and Actinomyces-like organisms detected in conventional compared to modified CS samples (P <0.050 each). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the frequency of HSV-associated changes (P = 0.938). The presence of two infectious agents in the same sample was identified in 0.87% of samples. Conclusion: Among CS samples collected during an 18-year period, Candida species were most frequently detected, followed by T. vaginalis and HPV. The identification of potential infectious agents is a valuable additional benefit of Papanicolaou smear testing.Keywords: Cervical Smears; Papanicolaou Test; Infection; Candida; Trichomonas vaginalis; Human Papilloma Virus; Cytology; Kuwait.
Spectrum of Cerebral Venous Thrombosis in Oman
Authors: Lal Darshan , Gujjar Arunodaya R. , Ramachandiran Nandagopal , Obaidi Ammar , Kumar Sunil , El-Tigani Mortada , Al-Azri Faizal , Al-Asmi Abdullah R. 
Published: December 2018

Objectives: Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) can have varied and life-threatening manifestations. This study aimed to examine the spectrum of its clinical presentations and outcomes in a tertiary hospital in Oman. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at the Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman, between January 2009 and December 2017. The medical records of all patients with CVT were reviewed to determine demographic characteristics, clinical features and patient outcomes. Results: A total of 30 patients had CVT. The mean age was 36.8 ± 11 years and the male-to-female ratio was 2:3. Common manifestations included headache (83%), altered sensorium (50%), seizures (43%) and hemiparesis (33%). Underlying risk factors were present in 16 patients (53%). Computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging of the brain was abnormal in all patients, with indications of infarcts (40%) and major sinus thrombosis (100%). There were five cases (20%) of deep CVT. The patients were treated with low-molecular-weight heparin, mannitol and anticonvulsants. The majority (77%) had no residual neurological deficits at follow-up. Conclusion: These findings indicate that CVT is a relatively uncommon yet treatable disorder in Oman. A high index of suspicion, early diagnosis, prompt anticoagulation treatment and critical care may enhance favourable patient outcomes.Keywords: Venous Thrombosis; Cerebral Thrombosis; Cranial Venous Sinuses; Neurological Manifestations; Patient Outcome Assessment; Oman.
A New Variant of Dual Left Anterior Descending Artery Anomaly: Type XI
Authors: Al-Umairi Rashid S. , Al-Kindi Faiza A. , Al-Tai Saqar A. 
Published: December 2018

A dual left anterior descending (LAD) artery is a rare congenital anomaly which is classified into different types based on the origin, course and termination of the short and long LAD arteries. To date, 10 variants of dual LAD artery anomalies have been described. We report a 44-year-old woman who was referred to the Department of Radiology, Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman, in 2017. Coronary computed tomography angiography revealed a dual LAD artery anomaly in which the short and long LAD arteries shared a common ostium with the right coronary artery from the right coronary sinus. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this type of variant has not been previously reported in the literature.Keywords: Coronary Angiography; Congenital Abnormality; Coronary Vessel Anomalies; Case Report; Oman.
Two Different Causes of Paediatric Hypercalcaemia
Authors: Kutilek Stepan , Plasilova Ivana , Chrobok Viktor 
Published: December 2018

Paediatric hypercalcaemia is a rare condition which can be easily overlooked or misdiagnosed. We report two paediatric patients who presented to the Department of Paediatrics, Pardubice Hospital, Pardubice, Czech Republic, in 2009 and 2010, respectively. Each patient was diagnosed with hypercalcaemia due to a different cause. The first case involved a seven-month-old infant who presented with failure to thrive, vomiting and psychomotor retardation. Fluorescent in situ hybridisation revealed Williams-Beuren syndrome. The second patient was a 16-year-old girl with abdominal pain and renal colic due to hypercalcaemia-induced urolithiasis. High parathyroid hormone serum levels suggested primary hyperparathyroidism. An adenoma of the left upper parathyroid gland was diagnosed via technetium-99m-labelled methoxyisobutyl isonitrile single photon emission computed tomography and removed surgically. Hypercalcaemia should be considered in the differential diagnosis of various disease states, particularly among infants who fail to thrive or children with abdominal pain.Keywords: Hypercalcemia; Williams-Beuren Syndrome; Hyperparathyroidism; Parathyroid Adenoma; Case Report; Czech Republic.
As condutas de enfermagem frente a pacientes com cetoacidose diabética: Revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Oliveira Rhayssa Maira de , Lima Sabrina Pereira , Bernardes Sarah Araújo , Borges Amanda Aparecida , Pereira Vanessa Oliveira Silva , Alves Mateus Goulart 
Published: December 2018

A adequação e eficiência das ações de enfermagem na assistência ao paciente com Cetoacidose Diabética aumentam de acordo com a experiência, habilidade técnica e competência do profissional, já que este percebe as demandas de cuidado adequado e assim elabora condutas através de assistência sistematizada, individualizada e, principalmente, articulada com as necessidades do paciente e da família. Estudo com o objetivo de descrever as condutas relevantes da enfermagem diante de pacientes com Cetoacidose Diabética. Trata-se de um estudo de revisão integrativa cuja pergunta norteadora foi: “Em pacientes com Cetoacidose Diabética, quais devem ser as condutas relevantes tomadas por profissionais de enfermagem?” Para a seleção dos artigos, realizada no mês de abril de 2018, foram utilizadas duas bases de dados com os descritores: Enfermagem, Cetoacidose diabética e Urgência. Seis artigos foram selecionados. Após a avaliação primária do paciente por meio dos sinais e sintomas o enfermeiro deve traçar o seu plano de assistência elaborando intervenções. Os cuidados de enfermagem frente ao paciente em Cetoacidose Diabética devem ser pautados no conhecimento cientifico, de forma individual e integralmente. O enfermeiro possui um papel relevante, não somente ao oferecer cuidados assistenciais, mas também como educador, oferecendo ao paciente e seus familiares informações relacionados à patologia, diminuindo assim a incidência da Cetoacidose Diabética e as suas possíveis complicações.
Fetal Stem Cells are Effective in the Treatment of Grade I and II Respiratory Failure in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Sych Nataliia S. , Ivankova Olena V. , Klunnyk Mariya O. , Matiyashchuk Iryna G. , Sinelnyk Andrey A. , Demchyk Mariya P. , Skalozyb Maryna V. , Siniscalco Dario 
Published: December 2018

Objectives To study the effect of fetal stem cell (FSC) therapy on Grade I and II respiratory failure in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and muscular dystrophy (MD). Methods A comparative study was conducted on 41 patients with Grade I or II respiratory failure (RF) resulting from ALS or MD. The patients were divided into 4 groups according to the underlying disease and the degree of RF. Patients underwent combined treatment, including the experimental application of FSC therapy, and were examined before FSC treatment, and 6 months and 12 months after treatment. Results FSC treatment improved both subjective and objective breathing parameters as early as 6 months post-treatment. A significant increase in the forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) was reported by all patients with Grade I RF linked to ALS and MD compared to baseline. Patient respiratory improvement was maintained over the next 6 months. Grade II RF patients with MD reported a significant improvement in FVC 12 months after treatment. Conclusions Evidence for respiratory improvement was observed as early as 6 months in all patients after combined treatment including FSC therapy, and this was maintained for a further 6 months after therapy. In MD patients with Grade II RF, treatment resulted in a significant FVC and FEV1 increase within 6 months and downgrading to Grade I RF within a year after FSC treatment.
Controlled Release of Nerve Growth Factor and Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Combined with Small-Gap Anastomosis Enhances Sciatic Nerve Regeneration
Authors: Wang Xiyuan , Chen Lin , Zuo Huancong , Liu Huagang , Ji Liu , Hari Shanker Sharma , Aruna Sharma , Ao Qiang 
Published: December 2018

Objectives Nerve regeneration after peripheral nerve injury is a slow process with a limited degree of functional recovery, resulting in a high disability rate. Thus, accelerating the rate of nerve regeneration and improving the degree of nerve repair is a clinical challenge. This study aimed to investigate the role of growth factor gel combined with small-gap nerve anastomosis in the regeneration of sciatic nerve injury in rats. This was achieved by injecting nerve growth factor (NGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) gel into a silicon chamber that bridged the transection of the nerve. Methods In 27 randomly chosen Sprague Dawley rats, a sharp blade was used to transect the right hind leg sciatic nerve. The rats were divided into 3 groups: in groups A and B, silicon tubes containing NGF and bFGF gel or saline, respectively, were used to bridge the nerve proximal and distal ends (3-mm gap), and in group C, the nerve proximal and distal ends were directly sutured. Eight weeks after surgery, the sciatic nerve function index, neural electrophysiology, and muscle wet weight as well as histological, ultrastructural, and immunohistochemical parameters were evaluated. Results The sciatic nerve function index, nerve conduction velocity, muscle wet weight, density of regenerated nerve fibers, and myelination in group A were better than those in group B or C, but the sciatic nerve function index, muscle wet weight, and thickness of myelination in the 3 groups were not significantly different (P > 0.05). There were no significant differences innerve conduction velocity between groups A and B (P > 0.05), but it was higher in both groups than that of group C (P < 0.05). The regenerated nerve fiber density in the 3 groups showed significant differences (P < 0.05). Conclusions Small-gap nerve anastomosis can provide a good regenerative microenvironment for rat sciatic nerve regeneration, and the combined strategy of growth factor gel with small-gap nerve anastomosis appears to have a superior effect on nerve repair.