bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of two projective techniques in the study of consumer perception of antiperspirant/deodorants
Authors: Gámbaro Adriana , Roascio Antonella , Boinbaser Lucía , Pérez Suhey , Parente Emma 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe present study aimed to identify the main aspects involved in consumers' perception of four types of antiperspirants/deodorants (APDs); cream, aerosol, roll‐on and stick; and compared the findings by using projective techniques; word association (WA) and product personality profiling (PPP) tasks. To apply the PPP task, participants had to imagine that each type of APDs was a person and describe it by gender, age, marital status, children, physical complexion, personality, work/profession/occupation, transport used, physical activity performed, and diet type. The different terms obtained were grouped into 16 categories in the WA task and in 36 subcategories in the PPP task. Both techniques provided data on different and complementary aspects of the products studied. While WA provided information on the characteristics of the different forms of APDs, the PPP gave information about the image that consumers have of each product. Both techniques could be used independently or in a complementary way.Practical applicationsThis work provides information about consumers' perceptions of different types of antiperspirants/deodorants. It is shown that each applied task provides information which can be used for different purposes. The word association task provided information which could be applied in the optimization and/or development of one of these cosmetic forms, while the product personality profiling task gave information that could be used in marketing, either to reaffirm it, to revert it or to introduce a new product into the market.
Computed tomographic angiography and ultrasonography in the diagnosis and evaluation of acute pancreatitis in dogs
Authors: French John M. , Twedt David C. , Rao Sangeeta , Marolf Angela J. 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundAcute pancreatitis in dogs is an under‐diagnosed disease. Current diagnostic methods are insufficient at identifying sequelae and lack prognostic capability. Computed tomographic angiography (CTA) is accurate for diagnosis and prognostication of pancreatitis in humans.ObjectivesIn comparison to ultrasound (US), CTA will (1) better diagnose more severe pancreatitis and sequelae and (2) provide assessment of patient outcome by identification of pancreatic contrast enhancement patterns.AnimalsTwenty‐six client‐owned dogs suspected to have acute pancreatitis.MethodsUS and CTA examinations performed at time of admission were compared to determine the detection of pancreatic changes and sequelae. CTA findings also were compared to outcome indicators for prognosis of dogs with acute pancreatitis. Specific canine pancreatic lipase (cPL) samples were obtained and compared with CTA findings.ResultsTen of 26 dogs had heterogeneous contrast enhancement of the pancreas. Compared to US, CTA better identified portal vein thrombosis (P = .003). Patients with heterogeneous contrast enhancement had longer hospitalization (P = .01), including hospital stays for >5 days (P = .02), had more relapses, and were more likely to have portal vein thrombosis (P = .002). Patients with heterogeneous contrast enhancement had increased spec cPL (P = .006).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceIn comparison to US, CTA better identified dogs with more severe acute pancreatitis and those with portal vein thrombosis, factors that may predict longer hospitalization and increased risk of relapse. The presence of heterogeneous contrast enhancement and portal vein thrombosis may change therapy for patients with acute pancreatitis.
Morphological analysis of pectoral fin spine for identifying ecophenotypic variation of Persian Sturgeon Acipenser persicus
Authors: Bakhshalizadeh Shima , Bani Ali 
Published: December 2018

AbstractOne goal of fisheries management is to identify stocks and ecophenotypics of individual specimens correctly. Discrimination of Persian sturgeon Acipenser persicus ecophenotypics due to geographic variation was attempted based on calcified anatomical structures. Morphological characteristics of the pectoral fin spine were analysed in stocks from the eastern and western parts of the south Caspian Sea to explore if polymorphism could be discerned between regions within the Caspian Sea using ten key features which were measured. These key features were measured and used for multivariate analysis. Principal component analysis (PCA), discriminant function analysis and cluster analysis were used to visualize differences between regions, to follow any shape differences in the spines and to classify into the groups. On the basis of morphometrics between spines, 82.9% of the individuals were correctly classified into one of the two regions. PCA showed the largest differences between the eastern and western regions were the density and arch of pectoral fin spine. Fish from the eastern region had a heavier and more curved pectoral fin spine when compared to those from the western part. The results from this study indicate that the morphological traits of pectoral fin spine of the Persian sturgeons can be used to discriminate between regions with a reliability rate of about 83%. Therefore, the morphological differences are discernible in spite of the volume of artificial rearing and release of fish in the south.
Extending the paleogeographic range and our understanding of the Neoarchean Monteville impact spherule layer (Transvaal Supergroup, South Africa)
Authors: Simonson Bruce M. , Beukes Nicolas J. , Biller Sandra 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe Monteville spherule layer (MSL) was deposited in the Griqualand West Basin (GWB) on the Kaapvaal Craton approximately 2.63 Ga. The spherules were generated by a large impact and reworked by impact‐generated waves and/or currents. The MSL has been intersected in three previously undescribed cores. Two of the cores, GKF‐1 and GKP‐1, were drilled ~30 km west of the southernmost outcrop of the MSL. The third core, BH‐47, was drilled ~250 km south and east of the GWB. The MSL contains medium to coarse sand‐size spherules like those described previously in all three cores but each one was emplaced in a different way. In GKF‐1, the MSL is 90 cm thick and contains large rip‐up clasts of basinal carbonate and early diagenetic pyrite. In GKP‐1, the MSL is only 1.5 cm thick and consists largely of fine carbonate sand, yet it contains pyrite intraclasts up to ~1 cm long. In BH‐47, the MSL consists of a lower coarse sandy zone ~37 cm thick rich in spherules, carbonate peloids/ooids, pyrite intraclasts, and quartzose sand and an upper, finer sandy zone ~46 cm thick; neither zone contains any large intraclasts. The new occurrences triple the known extent of the MSL from ~15,000 to ~46,000 km2, support the oceanic impact model for the formation of the MSL, demonstrate that it is a persistent regional time‐stratigraphic marker, place new constraints on the Kaapvaal paleoshoreline at the time of impact, and support the existence of Vaalbara.
Contradiction, Liturgy, and Freedom: Romano Guardini's Search for Meaning after the Cataclysm of World War I
Authors: Zaborowski Holger 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis essay examines the early thought of Romano Guardini (1886‐1968). It focuses on his magisterial book The Spirit of the Liturgy and discusses its genesis, its historical, biographical, and intellectual context, and its theological and philosophical significance. In so doing, it shows how Guardini reacted to World War I and the cataclysm of his time in turning to the church and its liturgical life in order to provide a source of meaning to a disoriented generation.
Microbes: possible link between modern lifestyle transition and the rise of metabolic syndrome
Authors: Moossavi S. , Bishehsari F. 
Published: December 2018

SummaryThe rapid decrease in infectious diseases globally has coincided with an increase in the prevalence of obesity and other components of metabolic syndrome. Insulin resistance is a common feature of metabolic syndrome and can be influenced by genetic and non‐genetic/environmental factors. The emergence of metabolic syndrome epidemics over only a few decades suggests a more prominent role of the latter. Changes in our environment and lifestyle have indeed paralleled the rise in metabolic syndrome. Gastrointestinal tract microbiota, the composition of which plays a significant role in host physiology, including metabolism and energy homeostasis, are distinctly different within the context of metabolic syndrome. Among humans, recent lifestyle‐related changes could be linked to changes in diversity and composition of ‘ancient’ microbiota. Given the co‐adaptation and co‐evolution of microbiota with the immune system over a long period of time, it is plausible that such lifestyle‐related microbiota changes could trigger aberrant immune responses, thereby predisposing an individual to a variety of diseases. Here, we review current evidence supporting a role for gut microbiota in the ongoing rise of metabolic syndrome. We conclude that population‐level shifts in microbiota can play a mediatory role between lifestyle factors and pathogenesis of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome.
The impact of age on oral squamous cell carcinoma: A longitudinal cohort study of 2,782 patients
Authors: Xu Qiaoshi , Wang Chong , Li Bo , Kim Kyojin , Li Jinzhong , Mao Minghui , Qin Lizheng , Li Hua , Huang Xin , Xing Rudong , Han Zhengxue , Feng Zhien 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe purposes of this study were to assess the influence of age on oral squamous cell carcinoma patients and sought to analyze the reasons that may contribute to this difference.MethodsThis study enrolled 2,782 patients included 2,443 patients in a retrospective cohort to find the influence of age and 339 patients in a prospective cohort to testify these findings. The patients were divided into young age‐group (≤40 years old), moderate age‐group (41–75 years old), and advanced age‐group (>75 years old). All patients were diagnosed as oral squamous cell carcinoma and were surgically treated in our hospital. Chi‐square test, Kaplan–Meier analysis, and Cox proportional‐hazards regression model were performed for statistical analysis.ResultsYounger patients started smoking (p < 0.001) and drinking (p < 0.001) earlier than the older patients and consumed more tobacco (p = 0.005) and alcohol (p = 0.156). Patients with advanced age had worse outcomes in both recurrence (p = 0.002) and survival (p < 0.001). They also had more severe comorbidity (p < 0.001) and were more likely to receive conservative treatment (p = 0.011).ConclusionsCompared with young patients, older patients had worse prognosis, and it was related with their more severe comorbidity and received more conservative treatment. Young adults smoking and drinking earlier and heavier than old patients, it may relate with their occurrence of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
A qualitative evaluation of the effects of Metacognitive Reflection and Insight Therapy: ‘Living more consciously’
Authors: de Jong Steven , Hasson‐Ohayon Ilanit , van Donkersgoed Rozanne , Aleman André , Pijnenborg Gerdina Hendrika Maria 
Published: December 2018

ObjectivesExtensive research showed that one of the major difficulties that people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders are struggling with involves their ability to reflect on their own and others’ mental activities, also defined as metacognition. Several new psychotherapies have been developed to assist patients (re)gain metacognitive capacity, including Metacognitive Reflection and Insight Therapy (MERIT). The current study investigated the client's subjective experience of psychotherapy, to determine whether service users found MERIT effective and whether these gains align with quantitative findings, which processes they considered responsible for these benefits, in which ways participants found MERIT similar or different from other interventions, and whether they experienced non‐desirable factors and outcomes.DesignAll participants who had participated in a randomized controlled trial investigating the efficacy of MERIT were offered a structured post‐therapy interview by an independent assessor. Fourteen out of 18 (77%) participants, all of whom had completed therapy, responded.ResultsMost participants (10/14) indicated that they had experienced the therapy as beneficial to their recovery, and in general contributed to their understanding of their own thinking, which maps closely onto the quantitative findings reported elsewhere. They mainly attributed these changes to their own active role in therapy, the intervention letting them vent and self‐express, and forming an alliance with the therapist.ConclusionsParticipants reports of change map closely onto the quantitative findings from the randomized controlled trial. Findings are discussed in the frameworks of the metacognitive model of psychosis and the integrative intersubjective model of psychotherapy for psychosis emphasizing the role of the clients as active agent of change.Practitioner points

The use of a systematic, qualitative interview at the conclusion of therapy may yield important information regarding process and outcome.

Analysis of the interview revealed that clients’ perceptions regarding change within themselves closely maps onto quantitative findings.

MERIT may not be the appropriate intervention for all clients; some may prefer a more solution‐oriented approach such as CBTp or Metacognition‐Oriented Social Skills training.

Self‐expressing with a trained clinician may be therapeutic in itself.
African‐American parents’ and daughters’ beliefs about HPV infection and the HPV vaccine
Authors: Galbraith‐Gyan Kayoll V. , Lechuga Julia , Jenerette Coretta M. , Palmer Mary H. , Moore Angelo D. , Hamilton Jill B. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo increase our understanding about the health beliefs of African‐American parents and their daughters toward HPV infection and HPV vaccine acceptance.MethodsThe Health Belief Model was used as a guiding framework. Principles of grounded theory, theoretical sampling, and constant comparison analysis were used to qualitatively analyze data generated from personal interviews of African‐American parents (n = 30) and their 12‐ to 17‐year‐old daughters (n = 34).ResultsMothers and daughters perceived low susceptibility to HPV infection and perceived the HPV vaccine as beneficial in protecting against genital warts and cervical cancer. Compared to daughters, parents placed particular emphasis on the vaccine's protection against genital warts. A major HPV vaccine acceptance barrier among parents and daughters was the politicization of the HPV vaccine by government figures. In addition, concerns about unknown side effects, safety, and effectiveness of HPV vaccination emerged. Cues to action varied among parents and daughters, and self‐efficacy was higher among parents than daughters.ConclusionUnderstanding the health beliefs that promote HPV vaccine acceptance, while identifying and addressing beliefs that are barriers among parents and daughters, will assist in the development of appropriate HPV vaccine promotion initiatives for African‐American parents and daughters.
The effect of an aggressive behavior prevention program on kindergarten students
Authors: Akcan Arzu , Ergun Ayse 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectivesThis quasi‐experimental study with a pretest‐posttest control group was conducted to determine the effects of the “Aggressive Behavior Prevention Program (ABPP)” on kindergarten students. The program was based on Social Cognitive Theory.Design and SampleThe study was carried out with 90 children (intervention group = 45, control group = 45) who were registered in the kindergarten of a primary school. The ABPP was implemented with children and their families for 12 weeks. Data were collected with a subscale of Aggressiveness of the Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory, the subscales of overt and relational aggression of the Preschool Social Behavior Scale‐Teacher Form, and the Victimisation Scale.ResultsThe ABPP significantly decreased levels of aggression among kindergarten students (p = 0.019). No significant difference was found between the two groups for peer victimization.ConclusionsThis is the first study in Turkey implemented by a nurse based in school and it is important because it offers an example for nurses’ practice and research. Findings suggest that the ABPP is effective in reducing the aggression of children.
Counter–Urbanisation as the Growth of Small Towns: Is the Capital Region of India Prepared?
Authors: Jain Manisha , Korzhenevych Artem 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIndia’s increased pace of urbanisation is evident, but the question remains as to whether India can harness its developmental potential by providing social infrastructure to meet its projected growth. This paper investigates the urbanisation trajectory with respect to the provision of social infrastructure in the Capital Region of India. First, it applies the differential urbanisation model and predicts counter‐urbanisation to be the next stage of development. Second, using socio‐economic indicators, the paper finds high literacy rates and non‐agricultural employment in small towns. Third, it explains deconcentration of large cities as an outcome of congested social infrastructure provision. Fourth, it determines that small towns continue to have poor provision of social infrastructure. This paper recommends the integration of spatial planning with social infrastructure planning, the empowerment of lower‐tier authorities for social infrastructure delivery, and measures for raising local government revenue in the region and in similar regions throughout the Global South.
The feasibility and efficacy of subcutaneous plerixafor for mobilization of peripheral blood stem cells in allogeneic HLA–identical sibling donors: results of the HOVON‐107 study
Authors: de Greef Georgine E. , Braakman Eric , van der Holt Bronno , Janssen Jeroen J.W.M. , Petersen Eefke , Vucinic Vladimir , Thuss Nicole , Grootes Meriam , Cornelissen Jan J. 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTBackgroundPlerixafor (PFX) mobilizes CD34+ cells into circulation by disrupting the CXCR4 binding of the hematopoietic stem cell in its bone marrow niche.Study design and Methodsin the prospective HOVON‐107 study (www.hovon.nl) 23 allogeneic HLA–identical sibling donors received one or two subcutaneous (sc) injections of plerixafor 0.320 mg/kg.The primary endpoint, was defined as feasibility to mobilize a minimum of 2.0 x106 CD34+ cells/kg recipient weight obtained by leukopheresis in at least 90% of the donors.Resultsmedian 3.3 x 106 CD34+ cells/kg (1.9‐6.5) were collected after 1 (n=12) or 2 (n=10) sc injections of PFX. Side effects occurred in 15/23 (65%) donors: most were grade 1‐2; in 5 donors grade 3 and all resolved. All grafts were directly transplanted. Compared to 10 grafts obtained with G‐CSF the number of CD34+ cells was 2.4 fold lower but the percentage of phenotypically most immature CD34+ subset was higher (31% vs 15%). The total number of CD3+ cells in the graft seemed higher after PFX‐mobilization, but CD4/CD 8 ratios, and frequencies of Th2, Th17 and regulatory T‐cells or NK cells were comparable. All patients engrafted and no increase in incidence or severity of acute or chronic graft versus host disease was observed.Conclusionstem cell mobilization with sc PFX 0.320 mg/kg in allogeneic sibling donors is feasible with limited toxicity for donors. 14 allogeneic donors were mobilized with PFX 0.320 mg intravenously according to the same protocol. Due to the limited numbers, these results are in the supplementary section.
Application of a recursive partitioning decision tree algorithm for the prediction of massive transfusion in civilian trauma: the MTPitt prediction tool
Authors: Seheult Jansen N. , Anto Vincent P. , Farhat Nadim , Stram Michelle N. , Spinella Philip C. , Alarcon Louis , Sperry Jason , Triulzi Darrell J. , Yazer Mark H. 
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUNDA supervised machine learning algorithm was used to generate decision trees for the prediction of massive transfusion at a Level 1 trauma center.METHODSTrauma patients who received at least one unit of RBCs and/or low‐titer group O whole blood between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2017, were included. Massive transfusion was defined as the transfusion of 10 or more units of RBCs and/or low‐titer group O whole blood in the first 24 hours of admission. A recursive partitioning algorithm was used to generate two decision trees for prediction of massive transfusion using a training data set (n = 550): the first, MTPitt, was based on demographic and clinical parameters, and the second, MTPitt+Labs, also included laboratory data. Decision tree performance was compared with the Assessment of Blood Consumption score and the Trauma Associated Severe Hemorrhage score.RESULTSThe incidence of massive transfusion in the validation data set (n = 199) was 7.5%. The MTPitt decision tree had a higher balanced accuracy (81.4%) and sensitivity (86.7%) compared to an Assessment of Blood Consumption Score of 2 or higher (77.9% and 66.7%, respectively) and a Trauma Associated Severe Hemorrhage score of 9 or higher (75.0% and 73.3%, respectively), although the 95% confidence intervals overlapped. Addition of laboratory data to the MTPitt decision tree (MTPitt+Labs) resulted in a higher specificity and balanced accuracy compared to MTPitt without an increase in sensitivity.CONCLUSIONSThe MTPitt decisions trees are highly sensitive tools for identifying patients who received a massive transfusion and do not require computational resources to be implemented in the trauma setting.
Seasonal variability is not observed in the rates of high anti‐A and anti‐B titers in plasma, apheresis platelet, and whole blood units tested by different methods
Authors: Harm Sarah K. , Yazer Mark H. , Bub Carolina B. , Cohn Claudia S. , Jacob Eapen K. , Kutner Jose M. , Mair David C. , Raval Jay S. , Shaz Beth H. , Ziman Alyssa , Dunbar Nancy M. ,   on behalf of the Biomedical Excellence for Safer Transfusion (BEST) Collaborative
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUNDABO‐incompatible platelet transfusions are common, and transfusions with ABO‐incompatible plasma are increasing with the use of group A plasma and group O whole blood (WB) in emergencies. Many centers screen blood products for anti‐A and/or anti‐B titers to help prevent hemolysis from ABO‐incompatible transfusions, yet titer methods and definition of high titers are not standardized.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSThis international multicenter study collected data on anti‐A and anti‐B titer practices for plasma, apheresis platelet (AP), and WB units from January 2015 through December 2017 to determine the prevalence of high‐titer units using local definitions.RESULTSA total of 87,701 plasma, AP and WB units were screened for high‐titer anti‐A and/or anti‐B. High‐titer detection rates for group A plasma ranged 0%–13.6%; group A AP 2.7%–9.3%; group O AP 2.3%–65.7%; and group O WB 6.4%–20.7%. At the one center that collected group B AP, the high‐titer rate was 10.9%. High‐titer rates varied from month to month, as well as between years for a given month. There was no clear pattern of when high‐titer units were donated.CONCLUSIONThe prevalence of high‐titer plasma, AP, and WB units varies by titer method and local definition of high titer. Even at the lowest titer threshold of 50, a significant proportion of units had a high‐titer antibody, although the clinical relevance of this finding needs further investigation.