bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self‐Organization of Relaxed Structures in the Lunar Atmosphere
Authors: Yaqoob Laiba , Gondal S. M. , Tahir Maha , Batool Asma , Nazir Amna 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe study investigates the relaxation of a three‐component dusty plasma in the lunar atmosphere. By employing Ampère's law with momentum balance equation of the plasma species, which includes an electron, a positive ion, and a negatively charged dust particle, a Triple Beltrami (TB) state is obtained. This TB state is characterized by three scale parameters, which may be real or complex. The Cartesian coordinate geometry is employed to analyze the magnetic field profiles. The Beltrami parameters, mass of negative charged dust particulates and density variations at different height and angle have a significant impact on the magnetic properties of the self‐organized structures in lunar atmosphere. The study reveals that all scale parameters associated with diamagnetic structures are real and complex, while all scale parameters for paramagnetic structures are real. It has been shown that the magnetic field, along with its complex conjugate and real part, increases with height and angle, and only diamagnetic structures are formed in the lunar atmosphere. The findings of this study should help to explain relaxed structures found in other astronomical objects and in lab settings including negatively charged dust particles, ions, and electrons.
Optimal mud pressure design using nonlinear failure criteria for wellbores in shaley sedimentary reservoir
Authors: Burnwal Ravindra K. , Singh Aditya 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWellbore drilling disturbs the equilibrium stress state in the rock mass, resulting in stress redistribution around the opening. Wellbore stability in the altered stress state is vital for engineering applications, as the wellbore instability results in cost overrun. Accurate estimation of rock mechanical properties, in‐situ stresses, and required mud pressure is crucial for safe drilling. If the mud pressure is lower than required, the shear failure of the rock takes place, and conversely, if the mud pressure is higher than the upper limit, tensile failure occurs. A strength criterion that can accurately predict the mud pressure may help significantly reduce non‐productive time and cost in well drilling. The commonly used Mogi‐Coulomb (MGC) failure criterion for estimating critical mud pressure neglects the few fundamental aspects of rock failure characteristics observed in the laboratory, such as nonlinear strength response in major‐minor principal stress space and prediction of multiple failure stress values near the triaxial axial extension boundary. The present study uses the Modified Mohr‐Coulomb true‐triaxial failure criterion (MMC_TT), which predicts the strength of rock better than the MGC in laboratory true‐triaxial tests to overcome the limitations. Moreover, based on the data from previously published five vertical wells in the Krishna‐Godavari basin (K‐G basin), an empirical relationship is proposed to obtain the strength parameters for the MMC_TT criterion for shaley sedimentary rocks as the existing correlations do not cater for the parameters required for MMC_TT criterion. The comparative study of the MMC_TT with MGC, Modified Mohr‐Coulomb triaxial, and Mohr‐Coulomb failure criteria, showed that for most of the K‐G basin wells, the MMC_TT criterion predicted close to the MGC. However, for well‐13, the MMC_TT criterion results are closer to the mud pressure used in actual drilling than the MGC.
Genetic Diversity of Native Provenance and Plantation Populations of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Based on SSR Markers and Morphological Traits
Authors: Yin Mingyu , Wu Bo , Pang Yingjun , Wuyun Tana 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTPinus sylvestris var. mongolica plays a crucial role in the ecological restoration and industrial raw material production of arid and semiarid regions in northern China. The widespread degradation of its near‐mature plantation (over 30 years) is a significant concern, having been a topic of interest in recent decades. In this study, the genetic diversity and population genetic structure were assessed using 12 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers within 11 native provenance populations and eight plantation populations. Additionally, variations in eight morphological traits of their offspring were evaluated at three sites in northern China. The results revealed high genetic diversity and weak genetic differentiation among the native provenance populations. The mean number of alleles (Na), allelic richness (Ar), expected heterozygosity (He), and Shannon–Wiener diversity index (I) were 5.492, 4.679, 0.550, and 1.120, respectively, and the genetic differentiation coefficient (FST) was 0.022. Significant population effects of tree height and height to live crown base (HCB), as well as interactions of population with site and block within site, were observed in tree height, HCB, stem diameter at breast height (DBH), stem volume (VOL), crown shape (CS), and disease grade (DG). The genetic diversity parameters based on SSR markers and breeding values of tree height, DBH, HCB, VOL, and stem form (SF) of plantation populations were found to be lower than those of native provenance populations. Significant positive correlations were identified between the mean effective number of alleles per locus (Ne) and VOL as well as He and crown width (CW). Furthermore, the maximum temperature of the warmest month (BIO5) and the silt content (T_SILT) were identified as significant factors influencing genetic diversity parameters and morphological variation, respectively. The findings provide scientific support for the reduction of plantation degradation, the effective restoration, and the sustainable management of forests for this species.
Taming Data‐Driven Probability Distributions
Authors: Baruník Jozef , Hanus Luboš 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTWe propose a deep learning approach to probabilistic forecasting of macroeconomic and financial time series. By allowing complex time series patterns to be learned from a data‐rich environment, our approach is useful for decision making that depends on the uncertainty of a large number of economic outcomes. In particular, it is informative for agents facing asymmetric dependence of their loss on the outcomes of possibly non‐Gaussian and nonlinear variables. We demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed approach on two different datasets where a machine learns patterns from the data. First, we illustrate the gains in predicting stock return distributions that are heavy tailed and asymmetric. Second, we construct macroeconomic fan charts that reflect information from a high‐dimensional dataset.
I'm Not Feeling It: The Role of Affective Diversity in Risk Management and Team Performance
Authors: Mitchell Rebecca L. , Awasty Nikhil , Hahn Rachel S. , Griffin Daniel J. , Hollenbeck John R. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTTeam performance is contingent on nuanced approaches to risk management—demanding both risky and cautious strategic orientations. However, research surrounding how teams navigate this balance is limited. We argue that both positive and negative affective diversity can aid team performance, through affective diversity's impact on the team's risky and cautious behaviors. Furthermore, we argue that team trait regulatory focus strengthens these relationships. Using a controlled laboratory setting with 58 teams in a complex, uncertain team task that requires both risky and cautious strategies for successful performance, results indicate that positive affective diversity relates to team performance through promoting risky behavior, while negative affective diversity relates to team performance through promoting cautious behavior. Teams high in trait prevention‐focus are more attuned to the information signals in teams with negative affective diversity, but we did not find that promotion focus impacted outcomes of positive affective diversity.
High prevalence of undiagnosed iron deficiency in endometriosis patients: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Goldberg Hanna R. , McCaffrey Carmen , Solnik Jonathon , Lemos Nucelio , Sobel Mara , Kives Sari , Malinowski A. Kinga , Shehata Nadine , Matelski John , Szczech Klaudia , Murji Ally 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe primary objective was to evaluate the prevalence of undiagnosed iron deficiency in patients with endometriosis.MethodsWe performed a multi‐center, cross‐sectional study at two tertiary care hospitals. We included 251 non‐pregnant women (18–50 years old) presenting with a clinical or surgical diagnosis of symptomatic endometriosis. Patients who consented to the study underwent screening bloodwork (including complete blood count, ferritin, and transferrin saturation) and completed the study survey assessing demographics, medical and surgical history, and validated questionnaires to assess iron deficiency and endometriosis symptoms.ResultsThe prevalence of iron deficiency in our endometriosis cohort was 53.4% (134/251), and the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia was 13.5% (34/251). Patients with iron deficiency were more likely to have heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) compared with patients without iron deficiency (66/133, 49.6% vs. 40/115, 34.8%, p = 0.022). Nonetheless, 58% (142/251) of our study population did not endorse HMB. Despite absence of HMB, 47% (67/142) of these patients were iron‐deficient. Transferrin saturation was diagnostic for iron deficiency in 63 of 176 patients (35.7%) who had a normal ferritin (≥30 ng/mL). Patients with iron deficiency had a significantly lower adjusted median Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy Fatigue Subscale score compared with those without iron deficiency (26.3. vs. 29.8, p = 0.025).ConclusionThis study highlights the high prevalence of iron deficiency, which remains undiagnosed in over half of patients with endometriosis presenting to a gynecologist. Future research should focus on assessing the effectiveness of iron therapy in improving symptoms and overall well‐being in this population.
Periodontitis associated with brain function impairment in middle‐aged and elderly individuals with normal cognition
Authors: Ye Wei , Tao Yufei , Wang Wenrui , Yu Yongqiang , Li Xiaoshu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe present study aimed to investigate changes in intranetwork functional connectivity (FC) and internetwork FC in middle‐aged and elderly individuals with normal cognition (NC) and varying degrees of periodontitis to determine the effects of periodontitis on brain function.MethodsPeriodontal findings and resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were acquired from 51 subjects with NC. Independent component analysis and correlation analysis were used for the statistical analysis of the data.ResultsDifferences in intranetwork FC were observed among groups in the anterior default‐mode network (aDMN), dorsal attention network and dorsal sensorimotor network (dSMN). Compared with the nonperiodontitis (NP) group or the mild‐periodontitis group, the analysis of internetwork FC showed increased FC between the auditory network and the ventral attention network (VAN), between the aDMN and the salience network (SN), and between the SN and the VAN and decreased FC between the posterior default‐mode network and the right frontoparietal network in the moderate‐to‐severe periodontitis group. Additionally, internetwork FC between the dSMN and the VAN was also increased in the moderate‐to‐severe periodontitis group compared to the NP group. The altered intra‐ and internetwork FC were significantly correlated with the periodontal clinical index.ConclusionOur results confirmed that periodontitis was associated with both intra‐ and internetwork FC changes even in NC. The present study indicates that periodontitis might be a potential risk factor for brain damage and provides a theoretical clue and a new treatment target for the early prevention of Alzheimer disease.Plain Language SummaryRecent research has proposed that periodontitis is a potential risk factor for Alzheimer disease (AD). However, the relationship between periodontitis and the brain function of middle‐aged and elderly individuals with normal cognition (NC) remains unclear. Analyzing the effect of periodontitis on brain function in the NC stage can provide clues to AD development and help achieve early prevention of dementia. The present study aimed to investigate changes in brain functional connectivity (FC) in NC with different severity of periodontitis to determine the effects of periodontitis on brain function. Both changed intranetwork FC and internetwork FC were found in the moderate‐to‐severe periodontitis group, and periodontitis was associated with brain network function impairment in NC. The present study indicates that periodontitis might be a potential risk factor for brain damage even in NC stage, and provides a theoretical clue and a new treatment target for the early prevention of AD.
The effects of extracellular matrix‐degrading enzymes polymorphisms on intervertebral disc degeneration
Authors: Zhao Di , Dou Yao‐xing , Zeng Ling‐feng , Han Yan‐hong , Lin Fang‐zheng , Xu Nan‐jun , Liu Jun , Zeng Yu‐ping 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of the current study was to investigate the correlation between polymorphisms in extracellular matrix‐degrading enzymes and the risk of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) diseases.MethodsThe databases PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Database were systematically queried from the inception until March 2023 to ascertain studies that meet the eligibility criteria. Utilizing a standardized data collection form to extract data from individual studies. The data were quantified using odds ratio (OR) along with its corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI), following an allelic model of inheritance.ResultsThe study included a total of nine studies and indicated that the presence of rs17576 in the MMP9 gene was significantly associated with an increased risk of IDD diseases (GG: 1.30, 95% CI [1.09–1.55], p = 0.004). The presence of other polymorphisms in extracellular matrix‐degrading enzymes did not exhibit a significant association with the susceptibility to IDD.ConclusionThe current study demonstrated a noteworthy correlation between the GG genotype of MMP‐9 rs17576 and susceptibility to IDD. The available evidence is insufficient to substantiate the correlation between other extracellular matrix‐degrading enzymes and susceptibility to IDD. The constraints of this analysis necessitate further research involving larger sample sizes across diverse ethnicities to provide a comprehensive understanding of the true impact of these polymorphisms on susceptibility to IDD.
Lung Ultrasound Findings in Children With Asthma Exacerbations
Authors: Hoffmann Robert M. , Neuman Mark I. , Du Michelle , Monuteaux Michael C. , Miller Andrew F. , Neal Jeffrey T. , Nelson Kyle A. , Gravel Cynthia A. 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveWe sought to assess whether the presence and extent of lung ultrasound (LUS) findings were associated with asthma exacerbation severity in children.MethodsWe enrolled a convenience sample of patients aged 5–18 years presenting with acute asthma exacerbation to a tertiary care pediatric emergency department. Severity of an asthma exacerbation (mild, moderate, severe) was assessed within 1 hour of the LUS using the Hospital Asthma Severity Score, a validated asthma assessment tool. LUS was performed by trained pediatric emergency providers. The presence of LUS findings (B‐lines, consolidations, pleural effusion, and pleural line abnormalities) was assessed using a standardized criterion based on consensus guidelines.ResultsA total of 111 patients with a median age of 8 years (interquartile range 6–12) were enrolled. LUS was positive in 57% of patients. Pleural line abnormalities were observed in 34%, B‐lines in 29%, consolidations <1 cm in 24%, and consolidations ≥1 cm in 7%. Patients with moderate and severe asthma exacerbations were more likely to have any B‐lines (31% and 43%, respectively) than patients with mild exacerbations (12%; P = .021); however, the presence of ≥3 B‐lines or confluent B‐lines did not differ across severity groups. The presence of other findings did not differ based on asthma severity.ConclusionsLUS findings are observed in a substantial portion of children presenting with asthma exacerbations. B‐lines were the only LUS finding significantly associated with asthma severity, while lung consolidations <1 cm and >1 cm were not correlated with severity. These findings provide valuable information for the diagnostic use of LUS in pediatric patients with asthma exacerbation.
Ultrasound Characteristics of Keratoacanthoma
Authors: Chen Yan‐xuan , Liang Jian‐feng , Xiao Ling‐li , Zhan De‐rui , Wang Jing 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveThis study aims to describe the ultrasound characteristics of keratoacanthoma (KA), providing valuable insights for non‐invasive diagnosis and differentiation from well‐differentiated cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (wcSCC).MethodsUltrasound characteristics of 16 KA and 13 wcSCC conformed by surgical pathology were retrospective analyzed.ResultsKA patients were younger (mean age 63.13 years) compared with wcSCC patients (mean age 76.23 years). Ultrasound characteristics revealed that KA lesions were generally smaller, more frequently domed‐shaped (87.50 vs 38.46%), exophytic (93.75 vs 30.77%), and well‐defined (93.75 vs 53.85%) compared with wcSCC. Both lesion types predominantly showed hypoechoic internal echoes and inhomogeneous echotexture. The prevalence of hyperechoic superficial area was notably high in both groups (93.75 vs 84.62%), precluding the reliable use of this feature as a discriminatory marker between these two distinct neoplastic entities. KA lesions were mostly confined to the epidermis and superficial dermis (87.50%), while wcSCC cases frequently infiltrated into the subcutaneous fat layer (84.62%). Color Doppler imaging demonstrated higher vascularity in wcSCC lesions, with 61.5% showing Grade 3 flow, compared with KA lesions, where 62.5% exhibited Grade 2 flow.ConclusionsHigh‐frequency ultrasound reveals distinct ultrasound characteristics differentiating KA from wcSCC, offering a promising non‐invasive tool for preliminary diagnosis and treatment planning.
Higher isokinetic quadriceps peak force is associated with a patient‐acceptable symptom‐state 1 and 3 years after ACL reconstruction
Authors: Ashnai Farshad , Thomeé Roland , Hamrin Senorski Eric , Beischer Susanne 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPurposeThe main purpose was to determine cut‐off values for absolute (QNm/kg) and relative (QLSI) isokinetic knee extensor (KE) strength for achieving a patient‐acceptable symptom state (PASS) in the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) subscales and for different age groups to determine the association between QNm/kg and QLSI and PASS, at 1 and 3 years after an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).MethodsPASS was defined as reaching cut‐off values for all KOOS subscales. Data from follow‐ups were extracted from a rehabilitation registry. Male and female patients were divided into two age groups based on their age at primary ACLR: 16–24 years and 25–65 years. Odds Ratios between the QNm/kg and QLSI cut‐off values and achieving PASS were calculated. Receiver Operating Characteristic curves were constructed to determine the individual predictive capacity for achieving PASS of QNm/kg and of QLSI using the area under the curve (AUC).ResultsResults from 755 and 145 patients (females = 51% and 52%; preinjury Tegner Activity level ≥6 = 82% and 74%) were used in the 1‐ and 3‐year follow‐up analyses. Reaching the cut‐off values for the QNm/kg, ranging between ≥2.1 and ≥2.7, entailed between 2.09 and 5.12 times the odds of achieving PASS, across all groups at the 1‐year follow‐up. At the 3‐year follow‐up, the cut‐off values of ≥3.4 and ≥2.6QNm/kg were associated with patients achieving PASS with acceptable accuracy (AUC = 0.700–0.780) in 16–41 year‐old males and females.ConclusionAt 1 year after ACLR, patients of both sexes and age groups reaching cut‐off values for absolute KE strength had two to five times the odds, that were clinically relevant, to achieve PASS. Acceptable discriminative capacity was found for the absolute KE strength among male and female patients 16–24 years old, at 3 years after ACLR.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Combined With Immunotherapy for Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma‐A Review
Authors: Patel Ajay 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTRadiotherapy has been proven to act synergistically with immunotherapy to prime the immune response against the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment. Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) produces a greater variety of tumour‐associated antigens. This can elicit an even stronger anti‐tumour immune response, especially when combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors to prevent T cell exhaustion. This response is particularly useful in hepatocellular carcinoma patients due to a naturally immunosuppressive environment. SBRT has provided excellent local control rates in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Retrospective and prospective clinical trials involving advanced‐stage HCC patients support combining SBRT with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Actively recruiting phase III randomised controlled trials are currently testing this promising combination in HCC patients. This mini‐review outlines the rationale for combining the two modalities in HCC patients. Current guidelines for HCC and successes in the field using the combination treatment will also be discussed.
Deep drawing of coated aluminium sheets: Experimental and numerical study
Authors: Abdennadher M. , Sellami A. , Stockburger E. , Mohnfeld N. , Wester H. , Behrens B.‐A. , Bouguecha A. , Elleuch R. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFor years, coated metal sheets have been used in cookware manufacturing. This paper focuses on employing experimental and numerical analyses to determine the quality and formability of commercially available polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)‐coated aluminium sheets. For this purpose, examinations of the coating‘s microstructure, hardness, and friction coefficient through nano‐indentation and scratch tests, were investigated. Tensile test was performed to obtain some mechanical characteristics of the coated aluminium sheets. Moreover, the forming limit curve for the studied material was established by conducting Nakazima test, covering both negative and positive domains of minor strain. The influence of sheet thickness on formability was investigated since using 2 mm and 1 mm thick sheets in this work. Finally, the limits of deep drawing process using the finite element method with Abaqus software was studied.