bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Propofol in modern multicomponent general anesthesia
Authors: Sorokina E. Yu. 
Published: July 2018

This article examines the use of propofrol in the perioperative period. It is known that one of the main principles of modern anesthesiology is to ensure maximum safety of the patient during and after anesthesia. As the knowledge about the mechanisms of pain and anesthesia increases, the development and improvement of methods of general anesthesia continues. General anesthesia should provide rapid and pleasant induction, predictable loss of consciousness, stability of vital functions, minimal side effects, rapid and smooth recovery of protective reflexes and psychomotor functions. In connection with the introduction of new anesthetics with improved properties, a discussion continues in the publications about the choosing of the hypnotic component of general anesthesia.
Thus, the article stipulates that the use of propofol in daily practice of an anesthesiologist improves the quality of anesthetic care in general and increases the safety of patients.
When propofol is used, where medium fatty chain triglycerides (MST) and long chain triglycerides (LST) are used as the fat emulsion solvent, pain manifestations upon administration of the drug are reduced, that is valuable for comfortable anesthesia. Propofol LCT/MST has a lesser effect on blood lipid levels in liver transplantation, it helps to reduce the incidence of thrombophlebitis after administration and to reduce the negative effect on lipid metabolism in patients with a severe initial disturbance (despite the relatively small amounts of fat emulsion administered during anesthesia). The significance of this factor increases with the duration of anesthesia.
CITY-PLANNING ASPECTS OF TRAFFIC ARRANGEMENT IN HISTORICAL PART OF TOMSK-CITY
Authors: Korenev V. I. , Burlutskii A. A. , Guseva U. Yu. 
Published: July 2018

The paper presents the research results and design work on town-planning and traffic development in the right-bank Tomsk-city which covers the area from the river Ushaika entry to Kommunal'nyi bridge. The analysis of the planning concepts is given herein and new approaches are suggested to the traffic arrangement in this territory. Computer simulation is used to analyze the variants of street and road network, and the suggested optimum decision provides a gradual development of this territory. As a result, the traffic load in the center of Tomsk-city will be reduced.
Классические тенденции развития стиля оркестровой музыки и творчество Й. Гайдна
Authors: Wei Zou 
Published: July 2018

В статье раскрывается понятие стиля в его современном понимании, определяются основные подходы к явлению классического стиля. Характеризуются тенденции становления симфонического метода Й. Гайдна как ведущего представителя классической оркестровой музыки.Ключевые слова: стиль, канон, классический, симфония, духовые инструменты.
Нова сакральна музика: художньо-стильовий синтез традицій та новацій (латиномовний аспект)
Authors: Bondar Yevgeniia 
Published: July 2018

Стаття присвячена дослідженню особливостей художньо-стильового синтезу сучасної неосакральної хорової музики, де основою опусу стають образи, сформовані канонічним латинським текстом. В роботі представлені окремі визначення щодо провідних ознак неосакральної хорової музики латиномовної традиції в контексті дослідження явища художньо-стильового синтезу в сучасній хоровій творчості. Ключові слова: хорова творчість, неосакральна хорова музика, інтонаційно-художній синтез, художньо-стильовий синтез
Социокультурные аспекты формирования профессионализма артиста мюзикла
Authors: Oganezova-Grygorenko Olha 
Published: July 2018

Статья посвящена проблеме специфики профессионального мастерства артиста мюзикла в его социокультурном аспекте. Мюзикл рассматривается как феномен не только театральной, но и так называемой массовой культуры. Рассматриваются социально-культурные факторы, которые от истоков становления жанра мюзикла влияли на особенности формирования специфического типа профессионализма артиста мюзикла, обусловленного, с одной стороны, триединой природой жанра – органичный сплав вокала, танца, драмы, и, с другой, наличием сформированной артистической индивидуальности, чутко реагирующей на социально-культурные факторы современного мира и музыкального искусства.Ключевые слова: мюзикл, артист, профессионализм, социокультурный фактор, синтез.
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL MOBILE VIRTUAL LABORATORIUM UNTUK PEMBELAJARAN PRAKTIKUM SISWA SMA
Authors: Manikowati NFn , Iskandar Dody 
Published: July 2018

The schools and or students number compared with the experimental laboratories was still not proportional. The available virtual laboratory media had not accommodated the anywhere and anytime learning mobility. This research was to develop mobile V-Lab for senior high school. This research and development was conducted along May December 2016. It started from identifying problems, analyzing needs, designing mobile V-Lab, producing the applications, implementing and evaluating them. Instruments used were closed and opened quessionaires, observation sheet, and interview sheet. From the data identified, it was needed an offine mobile V-Lab with simulation format, and completed with an experiment sheet. Information and perform/ experiment features linked with the downloadable experiment sheet was designed. Two prototypes were developed by using Unity and implemented in web www.m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id dan google play. Those, then, were evaluated and revised to get a qualified applications and implemented. Considering the results, it was recommended to make more apps. AbstrakPerbandingan antara jumlah sekolah dan atau siswa dengan laboratorium praktikum belum proporsional. Media pembelajaran virtual lab yang sudah dikembangkan belum bisa mengakomotir mobilitas pembelajaran yang bisa dilakukan dimana saja dan kapan saja. Untuk itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan mobile virtual lab dengan sasaran SMA. Penelitian dan pengembangan ini dilaksanakan dengan rentang waktu Mei – Desember 2016. Penelitian dimulai dari identifikasi masalah, analisis kebutuhan, perancangan mobile V-Lab, produksi aplikasi, implementasi, dan diakhiri dengan evaluasi formatif. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner tertutup, kuesioner terbuka, lembar observasi, dan panduan wawancara. Dari permasalahan yang teridentifikasi, didapatkan kemudian kebutuhan mobile V-Lab yang bersifat offline pada aplikasinya, berformat sajian simulasi, dan dilengkapi dengan Lembar kerja Praktikum (LKP) sebagai panduan praktikum. Untuk itu, pada desainnya, mobile V-Lab dilengkapi dengan fitur informasi dan performa serta LKP yang bisa diunduhmelalui aplikasi. Dua prototipe aplikasi mobile V-Lab dibuat dengan menggunakan Unity dan selanjutnya diimplementasikan di web www.m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id dan google play. Kedua prototipe tersebut akhirnya diuji coba dan direvisi sehingga mendapatkan aplikasi yang berkualitas dan layak untuk dimanfaatkan dalam pembelajaran. Memperhatikan hasil yang telah diperoleh direkomendasikan kemudian agar mobile V-Lab tersebut dikembangkan lebih banyak lagi.
KAJIAN OPTIMALISASI FASAD BANGUNAN RUMAH TINGGAL DALAM MENUNJANG PROGRAM NET ZERO ENERGY BUILDINGS (NZE-Bs)
Authors: Permana Asep Yudi , Susanti Indah , Wijaya Karto 
Published: July 2018

Abstract: The house is one of the primary needs of man, so planning the construction of houses should be careful and consider many things. Some of them, namely the potential physical and socio-cultural potential. Physical potential is considered to be the building materials, the local climate and geological conditions. Mean while, social and cultural potential consists of local architecture and way of life. Related to the issue of global warming that occurred in modern times, the climate becomes a major consideration that needs to be resolved.Energy waste is also caused by the design of the buildings are not well integrated and not even one responsive to aspects of functionality, wet tropical climate of Indonesia. This is compounded designers are more concerned with aesthetic aspects (the prevailing trend). Issues green concept and the efficiency of energy consumption through the program Net-Zero Energy Buildings (NZE-Bs) of the housing sector as respon to tackle global heating-an already familiar in Indonesia, although its application can not be found significantly. Green concept by houses an developers often only as a mere trick and not realized and grown the responsibility of residents. Key word: socio-culture, Net-Zero Energy Buildings, energy consumption. Abstrak: Rumah merupakan salah satu kebutuhan utama manusia, sehingga perencanaan pembangunan rumah harus cermat dan mempertimbangkan banyak hal. Beberapa di antaranya, yaitu potensi fisik dan potensi sosial budaya. Potensi fisik adalah pertimbangan akan bahan bangunan, kondisi geologis dan iklim setempat. Sedangkan, potensi sosial budaya terdiri atas arsitektur lokal dan cara hidup. Terkait dengan isu pemanasan global yang terjadi pada masa modern ini, iklim menjadi sebuah pertimbangan utama yang perlu diselesaikan.Pemborosan energi disebabkan oleh desain bangunan yang tidak terintegrasi dengan baik bahkan salah dan tidak tanggap terhadap aspek fungsi, iklim tropis basah Indonesia. Hal tersebut diperparah kecende­rungan para perancang yang lebih mementingkan aspek estetis (tren yang berlaku). Isu-isu konsep hijau dan efisiensi konsumsi energi melalui program Net Zero-Energy Buildings (NZE-Bs) dari sektor perumahan sebagai res­pon untuk menanggulangi pemanas­an global sudah tidak asing di Indo­nesia, walaupun penerapannya ma­sih belum dapat ditemukan secara signifikan. Konsep hijau yang dita­warkan oleh pengembang perumah­an seringkali hanya sebagai trik pe­masaran belaka dan tidak diwujudkan serta ditumbuhkan tanggung jawab para penghuni untuk menja­ganya. Akibat minimnya pemaham­an mengenai konsep hijau tersebut, para pengembang perumahan cen­derung lebih banyak menawarkan lingkungan perumahan yang asri dan hijau, bukan konsep hijau yang sebenarnya. Kata Kunci: Sosial budaya, Net-Zero Energy Buildings, Konsumsi Energi
RNA-Sequencing Reveals Similarities and Differences in Gene Expression in Vulnerable Brain Tissues of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Diseases
Authors: Bennett James P. , Keeney Paula M. 
Published: July 2018

Background: Neuropathological changes of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) can coexist in the same sample, suggesting possible common degenerative mechanisms. Objective: The objective of this study was to use RNA-sequencing to compare gene expression in AD and PD vulnerable brain regions and search for co-expressed genes. Methods: Total RNA was isolated from AD/CTL frontal cortex and PD/CTL ventral midbrain. Sequencing libraries were prepared, multiplex paired-end RNA sequencing was carried out, and bioinformatics analyses of gene expression used both publicly available (tophat2/bowtie2/Cufflinks) and commercial (Qlucore Omics Explorer) algorithms. Results: Both AD (frontal cortex, n = 10) and PD (ventral midbrain, n = 14) samples showed extensive heterogeneity of gene expression. Hierarchical clustering of heatmaps revealed two gene populations (AD, 376 genes; PD, 351 genes) that separated AD or PD from control samples at false-discovery rates (q) of <5% and fold changes of at least 1.3 (AD) or 1.5 (PD). 10,124 genes were co-expressed in our AD and PD samples. A very small group of these genes ( n = 23) showed both low variances (<150; variance = standard deviation squared) and reduced expressions (>1.5-fold under-expression) in both AD and PD. Ingenuity Pathways Analyses (IPA, Qiagen) revealed loss of NAD biosynthesis and salvage as the major canonical pathway significantly altered in both AD and PD. Conclusions: AD and PD in vulnerable brain regions appear to arise from and result in independent molecular genetic abnormalities, but we identified several under-expressed genes with potential to treat both diseases. NAD supplementation shows particular promise.
Exposure to Strong Anticholinergic Medications and Dementia-Related Neuropathology in a Community-Based Autopsy Cohort
Authors: Gray Shelly L. , Anderson Melissa L. , Hanlon Joseph T. , Dublin Sascha , Walker Rod L. , Hubbard Rebecca A. , Yu Onchee , Montine Thomas J. , Crane Paul K. , Sonnen Josh A. , Keene C. Dirk , Larson Eric B. 
Published: July 2018

Background: Anticholinergic medication exposure has been associated with increased risk for dementia. No study has examined the association between anticholinergic medication use and neuropathologic lesions in a community-based sample. Objective: To examine the relationship between anticholinergic exposure and dementia-related neuropathologic changes. Methods: Within a community-based autopsy cohort (N = 420), we ascertained use of anticholinergic medications over a 10-year period from automated pharmacy data and calculated total standardized daily doses (TSDD). We used modified Poisson regression to calculate adjusted relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between anticholinergic exposure and dementia-associated neuropathology. Inverse probability weighting was used to account for selection into the autopsy cohort. Results: Heavy anticholinergic exposure (≥1,096 TSDD) was not associated with greater neuropathologic changes of Alzheimer’s disease; the adjusted RRs for heavy use of anticholinergics (≥1,096 TSDD) compared to no use were 1.22 (95% CI 0.81–1.88) for neuritic plaque scores and 0.89 (0.47–1.66) for extent of neurofibrillary degeneration. Moderate (91–1,095 TSDD) and heavy use of anticholinergics was associated with a significantly lower cerebral microinfarct burden compared with no use with adjusted RRs of 0.44 (0.21–0.89) and 0.24 (0.09–0.62), respectively. Anticholinergic exposure was not associated with macroscopic infarcts or atherosclerosis. Conclusions: Use of anticholinergic medications is not associated with Alzheimer’s disease-related neuropathologic changes but is associated with lower cerebral microinfarct burden. Further research into biological mechanisms underlying the anticholinergic-dementia link is warranteds.
Prevalence, Safety, and Effectiveness of Oral Anticoagulant Use in People with and without Dementia or Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Fanning Laura , Ryan-Atwood Taliesin E. , Bell J. Simon , Meretoja Atte , McNamara Kevin P. , Dārziņš Pēteris , Wong Ian C.K. , Ilomäki Jenni 
Published: July 2018

Background: Differences in management and outcomes of oral anticoagulant (OAC) use may exist for people with and without dementia or cognitive impairment (CI). Objective: To systematically review the prevalence and safety and effectiveness outcomes of OAC use in people with and without dementia or CI. Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL were searched for studies reporting prevalence or safety and effectiveness outcomes of OAC use for people with and without dementia, published between 2000 to September 2017. Study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed by two reviewers. Results: studies met pre-specified inclusion criteria (21 prevalence studies, 6 outcomes studies). People with dementia had 52% lower odds of receiving OAC compared to people without dementia. Mean OAC prevalence was 32% for people with dementia, compared to 48% without dementia. There was no difference in the composite outcome of embolic events, myocardial infarction, and all-cause death between dementia and non-dementia groups (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 0.72, 95% CI, 0.45–1.14, p = 0.155). Bleeding rate was lower for people without dementia (HR 0.56, 95% CI, 0.37–0.85). Adverse warfarin events were more common for residents of long-term care with dementia (adjusted incidence rate ratio 1.48, 95% CI, 1.20–1.82). Community-dwelling people with dementia treated with warfarin had poorer anticoagulation control than those without dementia (mean time in therapeutic range (TTR) % ±SD, 38±26 (dementia), 61±27 (no dementia), p < 0.0001). Conclusion: A lower proportion of people with dementia received oral anticoagulation compared with people without dementia. People with dementia had higher bleeding risk and poorer anticoagulation control when treated with warfarin.
In Vitro Shoot Regeneration of Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) Varieties under Artificial Drought Stress
Authors: Chakraborty Anindita , Chowdhury Soumitra , Haque Zahidul , Dash Asim Kanti , Mosnaz A T M J 
Published: July 2018

The shoot regeneration efficiency of two rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties (Kasalath and BRRI dhan55) under artificial drought condition created by polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) was investigated. Calli were induced in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, and 4.0 mg/L) of 2, 4‐Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4‐D). Then, in vitro shoot regeneration under PEG (6000) was conducted on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L NAA + 2.0 mg/L BAP + 1.0 mg/L kinetin that gave the highest number of shoots. Shoot regeneration in both varieties reduced with increased levels of PEG (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0%). Regeneration efficiency of BRRI dhan55 in drought stress was higher compared to Kasalath. Thus, in vitro screening of plantlets under PEG can be used to achieve fast and reliable selection for tolerance against drought. The Agriculturists 2018; 16(1) 55-64
Diagnosing heart failure with NT-proBNP point-of-care testing: lower costs and better outcomes. A decision analytic study
Authors: Bugge Christoffer , Sether Erik Magnus , Pahle Andreas , Halvorsen Sigrun , Sonbo Kristiansen Ivar 
Published: July 2018

BackgroundAfflicting 1–2% of the adult population, heart failure (HF) is a condition with considerable morbidity and mortality. While echocardiography may be considered the gold standard diagnostic test, GPs have relied on symptoms and clinical findings in diagnosing the condition.AimThe aim of this study was to estimate 1-year health outcome and costs of three diagnostic strategies: 1) history and clinical findings ('clinical diagnosis'); 2) clinical diagnosis supplemented with NTproBNP point-of-care test ('POC test') in the GP’s surgery; or (3) in hospital laboratory ('hospital test').Design & settingA decision tree model was developed to simulate 1-year patient courses with each strategy in Norway.MethodSensitivity and specificity of clinical diagnosis (56% and 68%), and of N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide test ([NT-proBNP] 90% and 65%), were based on published literature. The probabilities of referral to hospital were based on a survey of Norwegian GPs (n = 103). The costs were based on various Norwegian fee schedules. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to examine the uncertainty of the results.ResultsThe 1-year per person societal costs were €543, €505, and €607 for clinical diagnosis, POC test, and hospital test, respectively. Even though POC entails higher laboratory costs, the total primary care costs were lower because of fewer re-visits with the GP and less use of spirometry. While 38% of patients had a delayed diagnosis with clinical diagnosis, the proportions were 22% with both POC test and hospital test. Results were most sensitive to the probability of use of spirometry.ConclusionPOC testing results in earlier diagnosis and lower costs than the other diagnostic modalities.
Coaching Residents in the Ambulatory Setting: Faculty Direct Observation and Resident Reflection
Authors: Graddy Ryan , Reynolds Stasia S. , Wright Scott M. 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT

Background
Direct observation can be valuable for learners' skill development in graduate medical education, but it is done infrequently. Information on how to optimize trainee learning from, and best practices of, direct observation interventions in the ambulatory setting is limited.

Objective
We explored the impact of a focused outpatient direct observation and coaching intervention on internal medicine residents.

Methods
Using a behavior checklist based on tenets of clinical excellence, 2 faculty preceptors observed outpatient primary care visits with 96% (46 of 48) of the internal medicine residents in 2017. Residents self-assessed their performance after the visit using the same checklist. Next, a focused coaching feedback session, emphasizing reflection, was structured to highlight areas of discrepancy between resident self-assessment and coach observation (blind spots), and residents were asked to identify goals for practice improvement.

Results
Common blind spots in resident self-assessment related to collaborating with patients while using the electronic health record (48%, 21 of 44), hand washing (43%, 20 of 46), and asking thoughtful questions (40%, 18 of 45). At 1-month follow-up, 93% (43 of 46) of responding residents reported change in practice toward goals often or sometimes. All residents reported that the intervention felt comfortable, and 98% (45 of 46) noted that it helped them identify new behaviors to incorporate into clinical practice.

Conclusions
Structured episodes of direct observation and coaching in the outpatient setting, with a behavior checklist, appear acceptable and useful for internal medicine residents' learning and development.
Arthroscopic Management of Osteochondrosis of the Glenoid Cavity in a Dog
Authors: Bilmont Alexis , Mathon Didier , Autefage André 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT
A 5 mo old English setter dog was presented with mild left forelimb lameness. Physical examination revealed pain upon shoulder palpation and extension. Mediolateral radiographs of both shoulders showed a subchondral bone defect in the mid-portion of the glenoid cavity. Computed tomography arthrography and arthroscopy revealed a cartilage flap, suggesting osteochondritis dissecans of the glenoid cavity. Subchondral bone cysts of the glenoid cavity and incomplete fusion of the supraglenoid tubercle were also observed. Arthroscopic removal of the fragment led to a favorable outcome.
Long-Term Outcome of Female Dogs Treated with Static Hydraulic Urethral Sphincter for Urethral Sphincter Mechanism Incompetence
Authors: Gomes Cesar , Doran Ivan , Friend Edward , Tivers Mickey , Chanoit Guillaume 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT
The purpose of the study was to report the postoperative outcome, complications, and long-term follow-up of the use of a static hydraulic urethral sphincter for the management of urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence in female dogs. Medical records were reviewed to extract information on long-term (&gt;365 days) outcome data. Telephone owner questionnaire was performed to assess postoperative urinary continence scores (scale 1–10, where 10 is complete continence) and the presence and frequency of complications. Twenty female dogs were included. Mean (±standard deviation) time to follow-up was 1,205.1 (±627.4) days. Median continence score/10 (range) was 3.5 (2–6) preoperatively, and 9.0 (7–10) at the last follow-up. Median continence score was significantly higher at all time points postoperatively compared with before surgery (P &lt; .001). Complete continence was achieved in 90% of bitches. Minor complications occurred in 13 bitches and included dysuria (8), bacterial cystitis (8), longer urination time (10), incisional seroma (5), urinary retention (3), hematuria (2), and pain when urinating (2). Major complications occurred in one dog (static hydraulic urethral sphincter removed 28 mo after placement). Continence scores were sustainably improved in the long-term. Complications were mostly minor. Urinary tract infections were the most common but resolved with conventional antibiotic treatment.