bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring industry priorities regarding customer satisfaction and implications for event evaluation
Authors: Jaimangal-Jones Dewi , Fry Jonathan , Haven-Tang Claire 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the priorities of event organisers (EOs) and venue managers (VM) in terms of evaluation criteria and avenues for advancing the development and implementation of banks of questions regarding customer satisfaction evaluation.

Design/methodology/approach
The results presented are based on a questionnaire distributed to a sample of EOs and VM which sought to identify their priorities with regard to customer satisfaction feedback.

Findings
The findings show that a significant proportion of respondents had never undertaken formal evaluation, citing time and resources as the key barriers. In addition, a wide range of satisfaction-related criteria were rated as important, with the most valued criteria often related to generalised areas, but failing to consider the motivations of individuals for event attendance, which also appears as a gap within evaluation literature. The research findings indicate that developing banks of evaluation questions is a complex task, due to the number of potential variables in terms of events and audiences.

Originality/value
In linking the priority areas identified by the respondents with evaluation literature and event attendee motivations, this paper proposes alternative ways of structuring and utilising banks of evaluation questions linked to attendee profiles and motivations. Its central premise is that evaluation of consumer satisfaction should be led by consumer motivations and expectations if it is to be viable, meaningful and aid future event development and enhancement. This raises many questions and avenues for future research, to progress the area of logistically feasible evaluation, which generates rich and meaningful data.
Exploring determinants of a successful tourism experience – the Nabakalebara event
Authors: Dash Prakash Chandra , Samantaray Manmath Nath 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the composition of “tourism experience” of tourist visiting during the Nabakalebara event at Puri, India.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper applies data reduction using exploratory factor analysis on a sample of 300 respondents drawn during the event and condenses a set of 20 attributes into a list of five compressible factors.

Findings
The research shows that visitors visualise tourism experience as a combination of five factors: education, entertainment, esthetics, escapism and ease of facilities. They assigned different weightage in terms of significance to each of these factors. Internal configuration of these factors also reveals interesting patterns.

Research limitations/implications
A non-probability sampling method is applied in this research. Future studies should replicate the research in different social, economic and geographical context to see if the factor composition and structure remain unchanged.

Practical implications
Organisers should focus on improving ease of facilities. Disproportionate expenditure on adding to other factors is not expected to yield matching dividends.

Social implications
The study assumes significance as this kind of event used to happen on every 15 years. This attracts millions of visitors. The paper explores the expectation of visitors.

Originality/value
This paper is among the few works done on understanding tourism experience during the Nabakalebara at Puri, India. It adds significantly to the meagre body of knowledge in the area of tourism experience.
Designing for events – a new perspective on event design
Authors: Orefice Chiara 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the paradigm shift towards event design predominant research by presenting an analysis of how the concept of event design has developed in the events literature and by exploring a new perspective based on its contribution to value co-creation.

Design/methodology/approach
Theory from design management and service design is discussed to provide insights on the role of event design as contributing to the creation of value in social systems.

Findings
A new framework for categorising the role of event design is proposed, called the Event Design Ladder. Event design is no longer considered as a problem solving activity, but as a contributor to value creation and an ongoing pursuit carried out over time and space. Stakeholders become co-designers of value systems.

Research limitations/implications
Service design and design management literature offer interesting potential for event researchers to advance the conceptualisation of event design. Considering events as platforms for long-term stakeholder engagement implies that the concept of design becomes strategic. Design as strategy is identified as a new area of event research.

Originality/value
This paper proposes a new perspective on events considered as catalysts of value systems, where the role of design is not only to orchestrate meaningful experiences but to facilitate collaboration across projects, integrating resources and building on stakeholders’ skills and knowledge. Theories of practice are explored as a way to theorise and carry out research on how value is co-created by actors.
Creativity in events: the untold story
Authors: Jackson Caroline , Morgan James , Laws Chantal 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to report on untold stories that not only illustrate the creativity but also complexity of working in outdoor events. There has been global interest in the creative industries and the creative economy more generally. Events have not been identified or categorised as part of this. Experiences have been identified as part of the creative sectors (NESTA, 2006) and events are seen as experiences (Jackson, 2006; Berridge 2007). There has been little research undertaken about the creative nature of event experiences, especially in how they are created.

Design/methodology/approach
A theoretical framework was created from literature on creativity more generally to inform the Creativity in Events research project. Interviews with those working in the outdoor events sector were the basis of the qualitative stage of the research project investigating the phenomenon of creativity in events.

Findings
This paper identifies the core facets of creativity in the management of outdoor events. These were fluency, originality, imagination, elaboration, environment and complexity. A vignette is used to illustrate the intricacy of the nature of creativity in the production of outdoor event experiences. The overall findings were that event management was both creative and pragmatic and that both are necessary. There was a need for a creative environment with processes and familiarity that aided inspiration and originality.

Originality/value
The background and findings are relevant to recognising events as part of the wider creative economy. A greater understanding of the nature of creativity in events informs both education and practice.
Effect of surface topography associated with arbitrary velocity direction on the lubrication film thickness in elliptical contacts
Authors: Pu Wei , Wang Jiaxu , Zhou Guangwu , Xiao Ke , Li Junyang 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to describe and observe the effect of surface topography associated with arbitrary directions of rolling and sliding velocities on the performance of lubricating films in elliptical contacts.

Design/methodology/approach
The most recently published mixed elastohydrodynamic (EHL) model by Pu and Zhu is used. Three different machined rough surfaces are discussed and the correlated inclined angle of surface velocity varies from 0° to 90° in the analyzed cases. These cases are carried out in a wide range of speeds (five orders of magnitude) while the simulated lubrication condition covers full-film and mixed EHL down to the boundary lubrication.

Findings
The results indicate that the variation of the average film thickness corresponding to different entrainment angles is distinct from those without considering surface roughness. In addition, the surface topography appears to have an immense effect on the lubrication film thickness in the exceptive situation.

Originality/value
This paper has not been published previously. Surface roughness has attracted much attention for many years owing to the significant influence on lubricating property. However, previous studies mainly focus on the counterformal contact with the same direction between surface velocity and principal axis of the contact zone. Little attention has been paid to the specific condition with the arbitrary direction of rolling and sliding velocities found in hypoid gears and worm, and some other components. The purpose of this study is to describe and observe the effect of surface topography associated with arbitrary directions of rolling and sliding velocities on the performance of lubricating films in elliptical contacts based on the most recently published mixed EHL model by Pu and Zhu.
Corporate board decision-making: applying collective versus personal values
Authors: Bruni-Bossio Vincent 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to offer a solution to the dilemma of board members using their personal values to drive decision-making and strategy. Board members are asked to discuss the collective values at the onset of strategy planning.

Design/methodology/approach
Six questions, developed over a 15-year period of working in the area of strategy and governance, unite research on values in organizations, and provide a guide for arriving at a set of agreed-upon values for decision-making.

Findings
Two examples from practice showcase how agreeing on values before beginning the strategy process has assisted boards with better decision-making.

Research limitations/implications
The questions and process are meant to be a reflective tool for board members to consider when discussing values and decision-making rather than predicting behaviour or explaining outcomes. The process is most effective for boards whose culture supports a desire for improvement and therefore a willingness to experiment with new processes. The process can be enhanced by using an external facilitator having the ability to extrapolate meaning as the discussion unfolds.

Practical implications
This work empowers board members to be more effective in assessing strategic options and in communicating the inner logic and meaning of the strategy throughout the organization and to the external stakeholders.

Originality/value
Advocating that boards engage in focused discussion around values at the beginning of the strategic process improves decision-making and provides a litmus test for evaluating the strategic options. Agreeing on a set of values also makes board members more aware of the implications of each option in the long term.
How to create environmentalists: the best motivators
Authors: Royne Marla B. , Thieme Jeff , Levy Marian 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify how five factors (environmental involvement, environmental concern, financial motivations, social motivations and energy concern motivations) motivate individuals to engage in pro-environmental behaviors (curtailment, capital investment behaviors and food-related behaviors).

Design/methodology/approach
A survey approach is used to collect data, and regression analysis is used to answer the research question.

Findings
Results show that social motivations are positively associated with all three behaviors such as environmental involvement, Environmental Concern and Energy Concern Motivations are positively associated with some behaviors; and Financial Motivations are not associated with any behaviors examined in this study.

Research limitations/implications
These results highlight the widespread impact of social motivations, the more specific impact of environmental involvement, environmental concern and energy concern motivations, and the lack of impact of financial motivations on these three distinct pro-environmental behaviors.

Practical implications
Given that social motivation is so strong and pervasive across all three categories of pro-environmental behaviors, leadership in encouraging a dialogue/debate around these issues is needed from all stakeholders, including government, industry leaders, think tanks and environmental organizations.

Originality/value
This study incorporates multiple factors that have differing impact on three distinct pro-environmental behaviors.
Youth information-seeking behavior and online government information
Authors: Taylor Natalie Greene 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to focus on middle-school-aged young people’s information-seeking behavior and the knowledge and perceptions they have of and about federal government websites.

Design/methodology/approach
The case study included 37 youth across four middle schools in the mid-Atlantic USA who all participated in a research-focused after-school program. During these sessions, they participated in several data collection activities, including an interview, a survey, a word association activity, an evaluation of the homepage of a government website, and card-sorting. Using conventional, directed, and summative content analysis techniques, the narratives from each data collection activity were coded using in vivo and theory-based terms.

Findings
The study finds that the majority of participants viewed government websites favorably, but were frequently unsure of what government websites are or who is responsible for their creation. Perhaps more significantly, participants’ views of information-related policies frequently were raised during discussions about government websites. The perceptions reflected the youth information-seeking behaviors and information literacy gaps.

Originality/value
Overall, these findings shed light on the opinions of an understudied population in e-government research and inform both policy makers and educators on how to best disseminate government information to youth.
Food security across the enterprise: a puzzle, problem or mess for a circular economy?
Authors: Irani Zahir , Sharif Amir M. 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the use, applicability and relevance of strategic planning as a process and tool when applied to exploring food security challenges, in the context of existing research on food security and food waste in the food supply chain. The issues associated with robust and resilient food supply chains within a circular economy are increasingly being seen as supportive of creating enhanced levels of food security but the authors argue that this is only sustainable when strategically planned as part of a cross-enterprise, information-rich and complex supply chain. The relevance of the Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal and Environmental (PESTLE) strategic planning tool is explored to establish whether it can play a role tacking the complexity of food insecurity (i.e. a lack of food security).

Design/methodology/approach
This is a viewpoint piece therefore as a result, thought, normative literature and supposition are used as a means to ground and orientate the views of the authors.

Findings
The authors identify and conclude that strategic planning tools like PESTLE across enterprises may not be relevant in supporting the reduction of food insecurity. This conclusion is predicated on the heightened level of complexity surrounding the pursuit of food security and the simplistic categorisation of PESTLE factors in a linear fashion that underpin this tool. Rather, the authors’ call for the use of strategic planning tools that are able to capture a large number of inter-related factors holistically.

Practical implications
This insight to the inter-related factors that contribute to food insecurity will allow policy developers, decision makers and others to develop their understanding of how strategic planning can support increased levels of food security within a circular economy and across cross-enterprises.

Originality/value
The authors contribute to the literature through a new insight of how normative strategic planning tools need to evolve in a complex, inter-connected world of international business and geo-politics. In doing so, it is expected that this research will motivate others to develop their line of enquiry around uncovering and exploring those inter-relationships connecting PESTLE factors.
Thinking in trends: the rise of trend forecasting in the United States
Authors: Powers Devon 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
The paper examines the birth of trend forecasting in the USA and position trend forecasters and professional futurists within the wider history of marketing, market research and advertising.

Design/methodology/approach
The study is based upon archival research, interviews and close readings of primary and secondary literature.

Findings
Trend forecasters split from traditional market and opinion research in the early 1970s, as concerns about the future became paramount for businesses. At this time, entrepreneurial trend forecasters such as Faith Popcorn started firms, adopting futurological methods to make predictions about the future of culture. The field continued to grow into the 1990s as it developed or modified a host of mostly qualitative research methods, including environmental scanning, consumer ethnography and scenarios. Trend forecasting reveals the complexity of the relationship between business and “the future” and how trends aimed to predict as well as direct that future.

Originality/value
The article is among the first academic treatments of trend forecasting, drawn from original interviews and exclusively accessed archival research. It contributes to a theory and a history of the concept of a trend, which is understood here as a way to package the movement of culture as sellable. It likewise offers a unique exploration of the relationship between futurology and business.
Determinants of female entrepreneurs growth intentions
Authors: Ali Rabi Sidi 
Published: February 2018

PurposeThis paper seeks to find factors that influence the growth intention of female-owned small businesses in the Ghana’s tourism sector. The purpose of this paper is to investigate why some female entrepreneurs achieve growth objectives while others do not.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, the authors seek to understand the growth intention within the tourism sector because it is not clear why some female entrepreneurs in Ghana pursue growth. The study applies quantitative techniques. A questionnaire survey was conducted with 110 female tourism entrepreneurs in Ghana. Data analysis was conducted using the non-parametric procedures of Spearman’s rank correlation.FindingsThe findings of this research reveal that female tourism entrepreneurs in Ghana feel they can expand without entrepreneurial ability(ies). However, the growth of the venture is restricted by the lack of financial resources. Opportunities in the tourism sector do generate more customers, but cannot alone determine growth intentions. Furthermore, an important finding of this study is that business advisory services do not contribute significantly to the growth intention of the venture. The research made clear that the pursuance of growth is related to different types of opportunities and finance leveraging.Research limitations/implicationsThe study has gender-specific, industry-specific, size-specific and region-specific limitations. Another limitation is focus on entrepreneurial ability, opportunity and business advisory support services as determinants of female entrepreneurs’ growth intention.Practical implicationsThis study provides useful information for government, business agencies and academics seeking reasons on why female entrepreneurs have low growth intentions. Policy measures are provided in assisting women in achieving their growth aspirational needs and suggestions are recommended to encourage women to grow their small tourism businesses.Social implicationsThe research will contribute to improve the socio-economic status of women entrepreneurs in Africa.Originality/valueThis paper addresses an under-researched area of female tourism entrepreneurs and their growth intention from the perspective of a developing country such as Ghana.
Value-added service investment strategy of a two-sided platform with the negative intra-group network externality
Authors: Dou Guowei , Lin Xudong , Xu Xiaoping 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
Considering the resource constraint, this paper aims to study how to make value-added service (VAS) investment strategy considering the negative intra-group network externality on the seller side from the perspective of a two-sided platform.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors use the dynamic game theory, optimization, sensitive analysis and numerical study in this research. The authors model their research question from the perspective of the dynamic game theory, and through optimizing the platform’s profit function, the equilibrium results in terms of VAS investing and pricing strategies are derived. To explore the characteristics of the optimal strategies, sensitive analysis is used, and numerical studies are conducted to further illustrate the analytical results.

Findings
It is found that the intra-group network externality is not necessarily the determinant for VAS investment strategy, and its overall negative impact can be overtaken by the investment in certain conditions. The optimal VAS investment level decreases in the negative intra-group network externality. Though the VAS investment is on the seller side, it has either positive or negative impact on the pricing for buyers. Moreover, for a stronger intra-group network externality among sellers, the two-sided prices could either increase or decrease.

Research limitations/implications
The authors implicate how the intra-group network externality reduces the investment benefit and impacts the other side users. The limitation of considering the intra-group network externalities on only one side needs further extension.

Practical implications
The authors provide insights for platform operators in how to use recourse to improve users’ utility and how to price the two sides when competition exists on the seller side.

Originality/value
This study specifies the role of negative intra-group network externality in determining the investment and pricing strategy of a two-sided platform in addition to the positive inter-group network externality.