bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Network‐based integral sliding mode control for descriptor systems with event‐triggered sampling scheme
Authors: Wang Yuzhong , Zhang Tie , Ren Junchao , Li Jinna 
Published: April 2019

SummaryThis paper investigates event‐triggered sliding mode control for descriptor systems subject to networked‐induced delay. For handling disturbance and saving data transmission in networks for descriptor systems, sliding model control and event‐triggered control are combined, whereas how to combine them to design a stable controller is challenging due to the complexity of descriptor systems. Firstly, a new discrete event‐triggered scheme is introduced for deciding whether sampled data is sent out or not for networked‐based descriptor systems. Secondly, integral‐type switching surface and event‐triggered scheme are integrated resulting in a novel time‐delay system. The existence condition of integral‐type switching surface and the stability condition of the sliding mode dynamic are presented. An event‐triggered sliding mode controller is derived for driving the closed‐loop system trajectories to the practical switching surface in finite time. Finally, two examples are employed to show the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed method.
Psychopathological Consequences Related to Problematic Instagram Use Among Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Body Image Dissatisfaction and Moderating Role of Gender
Authors: Yurdagül Cemil , Kircaburun Kagan , Emirtekin Emrah , Wang Pengcheng , Griffiths Mark D. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn a minority of cases, problematic use of technology can negatively impact on adolescents and impair some aspects of their social, emotional, and psychological development. The purpose of the present study was to examine the direct and indirect effects of problematic Instagram use (PIU) on different psychopathological outcomes including loneliness, depression, anxiety, and social anxiety via body image dissatisfaction (BID). Additionally, moderating role of gender on the relationships among variables was investigated. A total of 491 adolescents (Mage = 15.92 years, SDage = 1.07; range = 14 to 19 years) were recruited for the study to complete a questionnaire that included the relevant assessment tools for the aforementioned variables. Mediation and moderation analyses showed that among male adolescents, PIU was directly associated with loneliness, depression, general anxiety, and social anxiety and BID partially mediated these associations. Among females, PIU was directly associated with depression and indirectly with general anxiety and social anxiety via BID. Gender significantly moderated the direct relationships of PIU with loneliness, general anxiety, and social anxiety. PIU was directly associated with loneliness, general anxiety, and social anxiety among males only, whereas among females, PIU was indirectly associated with general and social anxiety via BID but was not related to loneliness. Results of this study indicate that PIU has different negative psychological effects on male and female adolescents and that BID appears to be one explanatory factor for these impairments especially among females.
Timing of Cleavage Development in Relation to Folding and its Implications: An Example from the Deformed Mesoproterozoic Sedimentary Cover of Kaladgi Basin, Southwestern India
Authors: Mukherjee Mrinal Kanti , Modak Kunal 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT
Detailed analysis of cleavage-fold relationships in the Mesoproterozoic cover sediments of Kaladgi basin, south western India, revealed three types of timing relationships between cleavage and folds: (1) cleavage developed earlier than folds. (2) Cleavage developed later at some stage of folding and (3) non-development of cleavages in folds.
In the first case cleavage developed earlier than the folding. Evidences that support such an interpretation include high cleavage-bedding angle throughout the fold, asymmetric fanning of cleavage in the folds with large fan angles and rotation of cleavage more in the steep and short limbs of asymmetric fold. In the second case, cleavage initiated later at some stage during folding which is evident from low cleavage fan angles, relatively low cleavage–bedding angles in the limbs of folds and the offset of bedding trace against cleavage trace due to pressure solution. Even though pressure solution is ubiquitous throughout the fold the effects of offset are more pronounced in the limbs compared to that in the hinge due to changing angular relationship of bedding and cleavage throughout the fold. In the third case, cleavage is absent in the folds resulting in its sporadic occurrences and reflects its diachronous nature.
The final geometry of cleavage in relation to folds at any location is a combined effect of relative timing of cleavage development and mechanism of folding involving layer parallel shortening, flexural slip, tangential longitudinal strain, syn- to postfold flattening and hinge migration.
Ichnological Significance of Upper Disang Formation and Lower Barail Formation (Late Eocene to Early Oligocene) of Nagaland, Northeast India, in the Indo-Myanmar Ranges
Authors: Rajkumar H. S. , Soibam I. , Khaidem K. S. , Sanasam S. S. , Khuman Ch. M. 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT
The Upper Disang-Lower Barail Transition Sequences of Nagaland in northeast India, Indo-Myanmar Ranges (IMR) are found to preserve reasonably diverse biological sedimentary structures. Three ichnofacies were observed, Skolithos ichnofacies consisting of Bergaueria hemispherica, Gyrochorte comosa, Ophiomorpha nodosa, Skolithos linearis and Thalassinoides paradoxicus; Cruziana ichnofacies – Curvolithus simplex, Scolicia plana, Scolicia strozzii, Scolicia vertebralis, Treptichnus pedum, Taenidium diesingi and Palaeophycus tubularis; and Nereites ichnofacies – Chondrites targionii and Paleomeandron elegans. Presence of Skolithos and Cruziana ichnofacies suggest well oxidising, substrate rich depositional environment in the foreshoreface to offshore setting in general; and an overall possible fluctuation in the depositional bathymetry which is supported by the presence of Nereites ichnofacies in horizons alternating with Skolithos and Cruziana ichnofacies. The depositional system is proposed to be proximal to distal hyperpycnal-delta-fed turbidite system. Observation of sand spherules also suggests possibility of shoreline as one of the depositional environments.
Uranium Mineralization in Leucogranite of Mastipuram Area, Wanaparti District, Telangana – A New Find
Authors: Rajaraman H. S. , Bisht B. S. , Jeyagopal A. V. , Verma M. B. 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT
The NNW-SSE trending leucogranites in and around Mastipuram, Wanaparthi district, Telangana are intrusive into Peninsular Gneissic complex. The leucogranite is metaluminous to mildly peraluminous, alkali-feldspar granite with I-type signatures, probably formed from a fractionated melt involving crustal component. Magmatic and hydrothermal contributions are supported by wide range of U/Th ratios in mineralized samples, which also show Na-enrichment as compared to non-mineralized leucogranites. Average U and Th contents and U/Th ratio in mineralized leucogranite is 541ppm, 147 ppm and 2.85, respectively. Main ore mineral is uraninite and its altered form - gummite, while secondary uranium minerals such as schoepite, uranophane and haiweeite are also identified in leucogranite by XRD. Reconnoitory drilling of ten boreholes have confirmed sub-surface continuation of uranium mineralization with varying width of 1m to 31m at vertical depth of about 50m. Thus, the leucogranites bordering Gadwal schist belt around Mastipuram forms a very potential target.
Eye-tracking for assessing medical image interpretation: A&nbsp;pilot feasibility study comparing novice vs expert cardiologists
Authors: Brunyé Tad T. , Nallamothu Brahmajee K. , Elmore Joann G. 
Published: April 2019

Introduction As specialized medical professionals such as radiologists, pathologists, and cardiologists gain education and experience, their diagnostic efficiency and accuracy change, and they show altered eye movement patterns during medical image interpretation. Existing research in this area is limited to interpretation of static medical images, such as digitized whole slide biopsies, making it difficult to understand how expertise development might manifest during dynamic image interpretation, such as with angiograms or volumetric scans.
Methods A two-group (novice, expert) comparative pilot study examined the feasibility and utility of tracking and interpreting eye movement patterns while cardiologists viewed video-based coronary angiograms. A non-invasive eye tracking system recorded cardiologists’ (n = 8) visual behaviour while they viewed and diagnosed a series of eight angiogram videos. Analyses assessed frame-by-frame video navigation behaviour, eye fixation behaviour, and resulting diagnostic decision making.
Results Relative to novices, expert cardiologists demonstrated shorter and less variable video review times, fewer eye fixations and saccadic eye movements, and less time spent paused on individual video frames. Novices showed repeated eye fixations on critical image frames and regions, though these were not predictive of accurate diagnostic decisions.
Discussion These preliminary results demonstrate interpretive decision errors among novices, suggesting they identify and process critical diagnostic features, but sometimes fail to accurately interpret those features. Results also showcase the feasibility of tracking and understanding eye movements during video-based coronary angiogram interpretation and suggest that eye tracking may be valuable for informing assessments of competency progression during medical education and training.
Self-regulation, behaviours and learning among children: An evaluation of the Journey to the Island of Calm programme in Australia
Authors: Cartmel Jennifer , Udah Hyacinth , San Gil Olivia , Prause Amanda 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn this article, an evaluation of the Journey to the Island of Calm programme in three sites in Queensland is presented. The evaluation examines the change in children’s sense of agency and capacity to manage their social and emotional well-being. Using a mixed method approach, the findings confirm that the Journey to the Island of Calm programme has accrued positive gains for children in their self-regulation and self-understanding. The findings are useful in developing intervention and learning programmes for children between 9 and 12 years of age in order to promote their sense of agency, capacity for self-regulation and self-independence, and contribute to children’s social and emotional development and skills from very early on in life.
Paleoecology of sublittoral Miocene echinoids from Sardinia: A case study for substrate controls of faunal distributions
Authors: Mancosu Andrea , Nebelsick James H. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA rich echinoid fauna within the middle Miocene carbonate sedimentary succession cropping out along the coast between Santa Caterina di Pittinuri and S'Archittu (central-western Sardinia) allows the comparison of faunal gradients and preservation potentials from both hard and soft substrata. Three echinoid assemblages are recognized. Faunal composition, as well as taphonomic and sedimentological features and functional morphological interpretation of the echinoid test indicate an outer sublittoral setting. Assemblage 1 represents a highly structured environment within the photic zone, with mobile substrata occupied by infaunal irregular echinoids, mainly spatangoids, and localized hard substrata, provided by rhodolith beds, with epibenthic regular echinoids represented by the co-occurrence of the diadematidDiademaGray, 1825 and the toxopneustidsTripneustesL. Agassiz, 1841 andSchizechinusPomel, 1869. Assemblage 2 shows a higher diversity of irregular echinoids, dominated by the clypeasteroidsEchinocyamusvan Phelsum, 1774 andClypeasterLamarck, 1801 and different spatangoids, with the minute trigonocidaridGenocidarisA. Agassiz, 1869 among regular echinoids. This assemblage points to a soft-bottom environment with moderate water-energy conditions, periodically affected by storms. A low-diversity echinoid fauna in Assemblage 3, dominated by the spatangoidsBrissopsisL. Agassiz, 1840 andOvaGray, 1825, documents a deeper, soft-bottom environment, possibly below storm-wave base. These results indicate that the diversity of echinoid faunas originating in sublittoral environments is related to: (1) the presence of both soft and hard substrata, (2) differential preservation potentials of the various echinoid taxa, (3) intense bioturbation, and (4) sediment deposition by sporadic storm events.
Longitudinal studies of body composition during growth in male, female and castrate male sheep of two breeds with different wool growing capabilities
Authors: Searle T. W. , McC. Graham N. , Griffiths D. A. , Margan D. E. 
Published: April 2019

SummaryDorset Horn and Corriedale ewes (breeds with low and high wool growing capabilities respectively) with single lambs were fed ad libitum on a pelleted roughage-concentrate diet. Following weaning at 6–7 weeks of age (live weight (LW) ca. 15 kg), ten entire male, ten female and ten castrate male lambs of each breed were housed in single pens and fed the same diet ad libitum. Body composition (fat, protein, water, ash and energy) was estimated from tritiated water space at 5 kg LW increments from 10 to 55 kg. Fleece weight was also estimated on each occasion.The relationship between the weight of body components and fleece-free fasted live weight (W) for each sheep was described by a two-phase piecewise linear model, the slope in each phase representing the average composition of weight gain. In the first phase, the composition of weight gain did not differ between breeds and contained similar amounts of fat and protein (14%), 66% water and 5% ash. Within breeds females tended to be fattest. There were significant differences due to breed and sex in all body components in the second (fattening) phase. The fat content of gain was lower in Dorset Horn ewes and wethers (45 and 51% respectively) than in corresponding Corriedales (64 and 58%) with the males being even lower (44 and 41% respectively). Dorset Horns entered the fattening phase at a significantly higher W (26 kg) than Corriedales (23 kg), there being no sex difference within breeds. The combined effect of lower slope and higher weight at the commencement of the phase change in the Dorset Horns was to produce a considerable breed difference in fatness in the second phase of growth in ewes and wethers. Possible physiological reasons for the differences are discussed.
Chabaudstrongylus ninhae(Trichostrongylidae: Cooperiinae) andOesophagostomum muntiacum(Chabertiidae: Oesophagostominae) in feral alien Reeves's muntjacs on Izu-Oshima Island, Tokyo, Japan
Authors: Setsuda A. , Kato E. , Sakaguchi S. , Tamemasa S. , Ozawa S. , Sato H. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe naturalization of alien Reeves's muntjacs (Muntiacus reevesi) on Izu-Oshima Island, Tokyo, Japan, has proceeded intensively over the last five decades. To clarify whether the gastrointestinal helminths of these animals were brought from their original endemic area or were newly acquired in Japan, 32 Reeves's muntjacs trapped on the island were parasitologically examined. In addition toGongylonema pulchrumin the oesophagus (34.4% prevalence),Chabaudstrongylus ninhae(Dróżdż, 1967) (Trichostrongylidae: Cooperiinae) andOesophagostomum muntiacumJian, 1989 (Chabertiidae: Oesophagostominae) were prevalent in the small (28.1%) and large (46.9%) intestines, respectively. For the first time, these trichostrongylid or chabertiid worms were genetically characterized based on partial nucleotide sequences of the nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (rDNA) and mitochondrial DNA cytochromecoxidase subunit 1 gene (cox-1), and the phylogenetic relationships with other members of their family were explored. Since these two intestinal nematode species are inherent in muntjacs, this study demonstrates a new distribution of exotic helminth species in Japan in accordance with the naturalization of alien mammalian hosts. The molecular genetic data collected here could assist the taxonomic assessment of morphological variants in differentMuntiacusspp. and/or of different geographical origins. Furthermore, our data may help to define the phylogenetic relationships among such isolates.
Bringing Art Market Organizations to China: Cross-Border Isomorphism, Institutional Work and its Unintended Consequences
Authors: Kharchenkova Svetlana 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis study proposes a new explanation for institutional differences of organizations in China. It focuses on how two organizational forms dominant in contemporary art markets – commercial galleries and auction houses – were first established in China in the 1990s. Based on archival and interview data, it argues that the organizational forms were introduced to China due to mimetic isomorphism, and that their divergences from the foreign models are the result of unintended consequences of institutional work. It highlights the role of individual agency, including the role of foreign nationals, in organization-building in China. The findings also have implications for institutional theory: the article shows how the political, cultural and institutional context in China shaped institutional work that needed to be conducted and led to unintended consequences of institutional work.
Thermophilic solid state anaerobic digestion of switchgrass for liquid digestate reuse and organic fertilizer production
Authors: Zang Jianjun , Shih Jason C. H. , Cheng Jay J. , Liu Zhimin , Liu Ying , Lu Wenqing 
Published: April 2019

AbstractTwo solid state anaerobic digesters (SSADs), 15 L each, were set up for co-digestion of switchgrass with primary digestate of a liquid anaerobic digester (LAD) and the recirculating leachate. Both the LAD and two SSADs were operated at 50°C. The results showed that the bioreactors were not started up stably until day 16 and day 47 for reactors A and B, respectively. The supplement of LAD digestate or injection of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) into the recirculating leachate readily reinitiated the biogas production to normal daily high rates of the two individual SSADs, one on day 16 and the other on day 47. In contrast to reactor A, there was a longer lag phase for bioreactor B, however, it showed 46.2% [77.9 vs 53.3 L kg−1 volatile solid (VS)] more cumulative biogas yields, and higher reduction rate of total solid, VS, cellulose and hemicellulose of 29.5, 31, 40.6 and 15%, respectively, which was likely due to optimized pH and NaOH pretreated switchgrass during start-up period. Methane contents of biogas increased gradually and stabilized at 50% for both reactors, indicating a normal operation of anaerobic digestion lasted for at least 100 days. The determined parameters of digested residues met China organic fertilizer standard (NY 525-2012) except for high moisture and low total nutrient contents. Therefore, the product of SSAD has the potential value of organic fertilizer. It is concluded that the LAD digestate can be reused as inoculums by co-digestion with agricultural residues for biogas and organic fertilizer production in SSAD.
Major Processes Shaping Mangroves as Inorganic Nitrogen Sources or Sinks: Insights From a Multidisciplinary Study
Authors: Wang Fenfang , Chen Nengwang , Yan Jing , Lin Jingjie , Guo Weidong , Cheng Peng , Liu Qian , Huang Bangqin , Tian Yun 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMangrove wetlands support numerous ecosystem services including nutrient cycling and carbon sequestration and storage (blue carbon). Mangrove sediments may serve as a nitrogen source or sink to the hydrosphere and atmosphere at both regional and global scales. However, major mechanisms controlling the connection between the mangrove and the adjacent tidal creek (nitrogen cycling in sediments and outfluxing) remain unclear. A multidisciplinary study based on intensive investigation, incorporating detailed sediment profiling, multi‐isotopes analysis, sediment incubation, and microbiological identification was conducted in the Yunxiao mangrove reserve and Zhangjiang Estuary in southeast China. Here we show that mineralization and denitrification are major processes shaping mangroves as an ammonium source and nitrate sink. Enrichment of ammonium in pore water (10–40 cm in depth) likely resulted from strong ammonification with limited nitrification in the anaerobic sediments. Denitrification played a key role in nitrate removal from pore waters while producing N2O and N2. Decreasing δ15N‐N2O and associated δ15N:δ18O ratio suggested that most of the outgassing N2O was derived from incomplete denitrification in sediment pore water. Overall, there was a net export of dissolved inorganic nitrogen from mangroves toward the estuary in winter and spring but a net import to mangroves in summer and fall, mainly driven by tidal pumping with seasonal variation of bio‐uptake. These findings highlight the role of mangrove wetlands in regulating nutrient status and carbon budget in coastal areas.
Increased Extreme Coastal Water Levels Due to the Combined Action of Storm Surges and Wind Waves
Authors: Marcos Marta , Rohmer Jérémy , Vousdoukas Michalis Ioannis , Mentaschi Lorenzo , Le Cozannet Gonéri , Amores Angel 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe dependence between extreme storm surges and wind waves is assessed statistically along the global coasts using the outputs of two numerical models consistently forced with the same atmospheric fields. We show that 55% of the world coastlines face compound storm surge wave extremes. Hence, for a given level of probability, neglecting these dependencies leads to underestimating extreme coastal water levels. Dependencies are dominant in midlatitudes and are likely underestimated in the tropics due to limited representation of tropical cyclones. Furthermore, we show that in half of the areas with dependence, the estimated probability of occurrence of coastal extreme water levels increases significantly when it is accounted for. Translated in terms of return periods, this means that along 30% of global coastlines, extreme water levels expected at most once in a century without considering dependence between storm surges and waves become a 1 in 50‐year event.