bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Oldest-Old Social Capital and Health and the Role of Digital Inequalities: Longitudinal Cohort Study
Authors: Valla Luca Guido , Rossi Michele , Gaia Alessandra , Guaita Antonio , Rolandi Elena 
Published: November 2024

Background
During the COVID-19 pandemic, information and communication technology (ICT) became crucial for staying connected with loved ones and accessing health services. In this scenario, disparities in ICT use may have exacerbated other forms of inequality, especially among older adults who were less familiar with technology and more vulnerable to severe COVID-19 health consequences.

Objective
This study investigated changes in ICT use, psychological and physical health, and social capital before and after the pandemic among the oldest old population (aged 80 years or older after the pandemic) and explored how internet use influenced these changes.

Methods
We leveraged data from the InveCe.Ab study, a population-based longitudinal cohort of people born between 1935 and 1939 and living in Abbiategrasso, a municipality on the outskirts of Milan, Italy. Participants underwent multidimensional assessment at baseline (2010) and after 2, 4, 8, and 12 years. We restricted our analysis to cohort members who participated in the last wave (ie, 2022) and who did not have a diagnosis of dementia (n=391). We used linear mixed models to assess the impact of COVID-19 and time on changes in social capital, physical and psychological health, and ICT use in a discontinuity regression design while controlling for age, sex, education, and income satisfaction. Then, we assessed the influence of internet use and its interaction with COVID-19 on these changes.

Results
COVID-19 had a significant impact on social relationships (β=–4.35, 95% CI 6.38 to –2.32; P<.001), cultural activities (β=–.55, 95% CI –0.75 to –0.35; P<.001), cognitive functioning (β=–1.00, 95% CI –1.28 to –0.72; P<.001), depressive symptoms (β=.42, 95% CI 0.10-0.74; P=.009), physical health (β=.07, 95% CI 0.04-0.10; P<.001), and ICT use (β=–.11, 95% CI –0.18 to –0.03; P=.008). Internet use predicts reduced depressive symptoms (β=–.56, 95% CI –1.07 to –0.06; P=.03) over time. The interaction between internet use and COVID-19 was significant for cultural activities (β=–.73, 95% CI –1.22 to –0.24; P=.003) and cognitive functioning (β=1.36, 95% CI 0.67-2.05; P<.001).

Conclusions
The pandemic had adverse effects on older adults’ health and social capital. Contrary to expectations, even ICT use dropped significantly after the pandemic. Internet users maintained higher psychological health regardless of time and COVID-19 status. However, COVID-19 was associated with a steeper decline in cognitive functioning among internet nonusers. Policy makers may develop initiatives to encourage ICT adoption among older adults or strengthen their digital skills.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01345110; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01345110
A Corpus-Based Analysis of Pauses in Chinese-English Consecutive Interpreting of Chinese English Majors
Authors: Qin Wenxinxin 
Published: November 2024

This study aims to investigate pause characteristics and probe into the main reason for unnatural pauses in Chinese-English consecutive interpreting. The data were from the Parallel Corpus of Chinese EFL Learners-Spoken (PACCEL-S), which includes phonetic materials in the interpretation part of TEM-8. Forty interpreters were divided into four groups according to their scores and gender. Their recordings and transcribed texts were annotated and analyzed to provide a comprehensive overview of pausing. The findings are: (1) Pauses often occur in C-E CI. Interpreters use more UPs and unnatural pauses. (2) There is no interaction between proficiency and gender in pause duration and frequency, as well as the two indicators of unnatural pauses. (3) UP duration is affected by proficiency, and females tend to produce more FPs and unnatural pauses. (4) FP and UP invariably occur together but do not show linear correlation. (5) Interpreters tend to pause before content words, and unnatural pauses are mainly induced by notional word retrieval difficulty. By discussing pauses and explaining the leading motivation for unnatural pauses from the perspective of lexical retrieval, this study informs readers of the nature and features of pauses and provides suggestions for stakeholders.
TREATMENT OF COMMINUTED MANDIBULAR FRACTURE WITH CLOSED REDUCTION AND MANDIBULAR FIXATION VERSUS OPEN REDUCTION AND INTERNAL FIXATION
Authors: Al-Rahbi Lutf Mohammed , Gamel Mohammed Ali Mohammed Fathael , Al-Shamahy Hassan Abdulwahab , Al-Ashwal Ahmed Abdulah 
Published: November 2024

Background and aims: Injuries from firearms remain a serious public health concern, contributing significantly to our society's morbidity, mortality, and costs. Securing an airway, controlling bleeding, determining other injuries, and conclusively repairing the traumatic facial abnormalities are the four primary phases in the care of patients with gunshot wounds to the face. This study aimed to compare the effects of two treatment approaches for mandibular gunshot injuries: closed reduction and maxillomandibular fixation (MMF) against open reduction and internal fixation.
Methods: Between 2020 and 2023, mandibular fractures were found in two equal groups at the Military Hospital in Sana'a, Yemen, where the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery conducted the study. Twenty patients in group A received treatment by closed reduction and maxillo-mandibular fixation, and another twenty patients in group B received treatment by open reduction and internal fixation. Then complications following surgery were studied. Every patient had made a follow-up call between the second and eighth weeks; following the surgery, both groups' cases of postoperative infection, malocclusion, non-union or malunion of fracture fragments, facial asymmetry, exposed plates, and bone resorption were recorded and assessed radiographically and clinically.
Results: The study analyzed patients with mandible fractures, focusing on G.S.I. and bomb explosions. Most injuries occurred in the body, with parasymphsis being the most common site. Bone exposure was prevalent in 95% of patients. After a two-week follow-up, the ORIF treatment method was associated with more post-operative complications than the CR-MMF treatment method. Wound contraction was more common in the ORIF group (22.5%), followed by bone loss (15%). Plate exposure, nonunion, and malunion were more prevalent in the ORIF group.
Conclusions: In comparison to open reduction with internal fixation, it was determined that closed reduction is the most efficient and dependable management strategy for treating comminuted fractures of the mandible brought on by gunshot injuries. It also has a lower rate of complications.

Peer Review History:
Received 18 July 2024; Reviewed 13 September 2024; Accepted 20 October; Available online 15 November 2024
Academic Editor: Dr. A.A. Mgbahurike, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria, amaka_mgbahurike@yahoo.com
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.0/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10
Reviewers:
Dr. Adebayo Gege Grace Iyabo, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, funbimbola@gmail.com
Dr. Ahmed Mohammed Al-Haddad, Hadhramout University, Al-Mukalla, Yemen, ahmedalhaddad@yahoo.com
COMPARATIVE OF PIEZOELECTRIC AND CONVENTIONAL OSTEOTOMY FOR LOWER THIRD MOLAR IMPACTION EXTRACTION WITH SUBMUCOSAL DEXAMETHASONE INJECTION
Authors: Senan Sohaib Ezzi Dhaif Allah , Farhan Abdullah HT , Shareef Ala،a Ahmed M , Al-Shamahy Hassan Abdulwahab 
Published: November 2024

Background and aim: The most common procedure performed in the outpatient setting in maxillofacial surgery practices is the extraction of impacted third molars. This technique often requires incision, flap reflection, and bone removal, which causes tissue stress and involves large amounts of connective tissue and blood vessels in the third molar area. The aim of this study was to examine decompression surgery and the rotary technique alone and to evaluate the combined effect of decompression surgery and conventional osteotomy with submucosal dexamethasone injection on the sequelae after surgical extraction of impacted mandibular third molars.
Methodology: With a sample of sixty individuals, a randomized controlled clinical trial was carried out. Four groups of fifteen participants each were created: Group 1 was for conventional rotatory therapy; Group 2 was for conventional rotatory therapy plus a 4 mg dose of dexamethasone following surgery; Group 3 was for piezosurgery; and Group 4 was for piezosurgery plus a 4 mg dose of dexamethasone following surgery. The surgical working time was determined in minutes, the maximum mouth opening was measured in millimeters at baseline and on the second, fifth, and seventh day using a Vernier Caliper, and the postoperative pain was quantified using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) every day for the first week.
Result: A study involving 36 women and 24 men aged 21-32 years performed a procedure involving impacted lower third molars, with a 100% success rate. All patients showed soft tissue healing without serious events or infection. Pain levels were greater in group 3 (3.7 degrees) and lower in group 2 (2.6 degrees). No significant differences were found in pain levels of dexamethasone injection among the four groups.
Conclusion: The use of submucosal dexamethasone injection with conventional and electrosurgical osteotomy is beneficial for alleviating post operative complication after removal of impacted third molar surgery.

Peer Review History:
Received 11 July 2024; Reviewed 17 September 2024; Accepted 23 October; Available online 15 November 2024
Academic Editor: Dr. Ali Abdullah Al-yahawi, Al-Razi university, Department of Pharmacy, Yemen, alyahawipharm@yahoo.com
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.5/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10
Reviewers:
Dr. Ahmad Abdelsattar El-Ebiary, Tanta University Hospitals, Tanta, Egypt, a.ebiary@med.tanta.edu.eg
Dr. George Zhu, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, sansan4240732@163.com
THE CURRENT TRENDS OF PSORIASIS TREATMENT IN DERMATOLOGICAL PRACTICE
Authors: Abuarij Mutaia , Alyahawi Ali , Alkaf Ali 
Published: November 2024

Psoriasis is associated with many complications. The severity of the disease can range from mild or moderate to severe. Treatment for this condition should be long-term and multifaceted, and may change over time based on the condition severity. Treatment for patients with psoriasis often includes treatment of the underlying pathophysiology. Other treatments for psoriasis include topical medications, phototherapy, and medications (nonspecific/biologic and biologic). Pharmacologic therapy is generally guided by disease severity and impact on patient quality of life, ranging from topical medications to phototherapy and, when necessary, systemic medications. However, challenges remain, including side effects, poor treatment, high costs, and variability in individual responses. Recent biologics have proven effective in psoriasis; on the other hand, there are differences among these drugs such as mechanisms of action, duration of response, and side effects. Biologics are often used to treat moderate to severe psoriasis and can be the treatment of choice, particularly in patients with comorbidities such as psoriatic arthritis or in whom psoriasis treatments such as methotrexate or cyclosporine are contraindicated. Different types of therapy are often used in combination. Combined therapies may improve treatment. Clinical guidelines classify psoriasis as mild or mild to severe, with mild lesions managed locally and moderate to severe lesions managed systemically.

Peer Review History:
Received 8 July 2024; Reviewed 11 September 2024; Accepted 17 October; Available online 15 November 2024
Academic Editor: Dr. Marwa A. A. Fayed, University of Sadat City, Egypt, maafayed@gmail.com
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.0/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10
Reviewers:
Dr. Murtaza M. Tambuwala, Ulster University, Ireland, m.tambuwala@ulster.ac.uk
Dr. Nada Farrag, Misr International University, Egypt, Nada_Hazem87@hotmail.com
HYBRID HYDROGELS INCORPORATING NANOPARTICLES, THEIR TYPES, DEVELOPMENT, AND APPLICATIONS: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF NANOGELS
Authors: Nadeem Ayesha , Saqib Zarqa , Arif Arooj , Abid Laraib , Shahzadi Huzaima , Saghir Arisha , Khan Esha , Afzaal Tahreem , Saadat Shanza , Rasheed Namra , Mustafa Muhammad Abid , Iqbal Muhammad Zahid 
Published: November 2024

Nanogels have become significant in biomedical science research due to various unique characteristics. Hydrogels are three-dimensional crosslinked polymer networks that swell by absorbing aqueous solvents. These polymeric networks with sizes from nanometers to micrometres incorporate features of both hydrogels and nanoparticles, exhibiting high efficiency in drug delivery, tissue engineering, and biosensing. The synthesis process involves the chemical and physical crosslinking process, and the nanoparticles can be incorporated either during gelation or in situ. The resulting hydrogel nanoparticle composites exhibit high drug encapsulation capacity, adjustable swelling behaviour, biocompatibility, and responsiveness to stimuli like pH, temperature, and enzymes. They are of uniform size and less toxic, ideal for controlled and targeted drug delivery, and improved therapeutic effectiveness. Newer developments have highlighted its applications in cancer therapy, cardiovascular treatment, wound healing, and neurodegenerative disease management. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the types of nanogel, the development process and wide-ranging applications, along with insights into future developments in this promising field.

Peer Review History:
Received 6 July 2024; Reviewed 11 September 2024; Accepted 19 October; Available online 15 November 2024
Academic Editor: Dr. Tamer Elhabibi, Suez Canal University, Egypt, tamer_hassan@pharm.suez.edu.eg
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.0/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.5/10
Reviewers:
Dr. Mohsen Ali Al-Hamzi, Thamar University, Factuality of Dentistry, Yemen. mohsenalhamzi@gmail.com
Md. Monirul Islam, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Northern University Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. monirul.islam@nub.ac.bd
Direito à palavra: a dimensão linguística e política na Guiné-Bissau
Authors: Yunes Virginia 
Published: November 2024

Neste artigo, procuro refletir sobre o direito à palavra, questionando alguns guineenses sobre o período do conflito armado político-militar de 1998/1999 na Guiné Bissau. Busco compreender como rememoram seu passado, como são percebidas e narradas as suas experiências vividas, nos dias atuais. Sabe-se que as guerras implicam em reconfigurações importantes na sociedade, no caso no continente africano, um dos objetivos das lutas por libertação era também a chamada libertação intelectual e psicológica, era preciso libertar a gente africana de conceitos, comportamentos e valores impostos pelo sistema colonial. Segundo um dos interlocutores, o direito à palavra teria sido uma das conquistas da guerra civil mais importantes. De um lado, esse direito abarca uma dimensão sociológica e de identidade, abordado numa perspectiva linguística e cultural, por outro lado, abrange uma dimensão política no sentido de participação do cidadão nas decisões que envolvem a sua vida, assumindo os riscos e as consequências desse direito. A língua oficial dessa ex-colônia portuguesa é o português, contudo, este é falado por uma minoria da população. Em geral, nas ruas e no cotidiano, utiliza-se o chamado “crioulo”, uma língua pós-colonização que mistura vocábulos da língua portuguesa e expressões étnicas. Seguindo os debates contemporâneos dos estudos culturais e pós-coloniais e da história oral, dialogo com autores como Frantz Fanon, Stuart Hall, Homi Bhabha, Achille Mbembe e Spivak, dentre outros.
Gestão de e-mail
Authors: Tarciso Barbosa de Sousa Renato , Luiza da Silva Aquino Lara 
Published: November 2024

O objetivo principal deste estudo é o de verificar como a Administração Pública Federal trata as mensagens dos e-mails do ponto de vista arquivístico. Os objetivos específicos são os seguintes: mapear a literatura nacional e internacional sobre o tema; identificar a trajetória do uso do e-mail, da implantação no Brasil até a caracterização dele como documento de arquivo; verificar a gestão dos e-mails nas organizações públicas. Esta pesquisa, quanto ao seu objetivo, é do tipo exploratória, pois procura ampliar o conhecimento sobre um tema, a organização dos e-mails na Administração Pública Federal, pouco explorado pela área. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental no que se refere aos procedimentos de coleta e às fontes de informação. E é uma pesquisa qualitativa em relação à natureza dos dados. É, também, uma pesquisa documental, pois consistirá na apreciação de normativos elaborados pelos órgãos públicos sobre o gerenciamento dos e-mails. As atividades consistiram no mapeamento da literatura sobre o tema, na elaboração da revisão de literatura e do questionário e na sistematização dos dados coletados. Apesar de serem considerados documentos arquivísticos e tratados como tal, na prática a realidade das instituições da administração pública federal revelou que não há um tratamento arquivístico dos e-mails e, por vezes, estes são eliminados discricionariamente. É fundamental mais estudos voltados para a identificação, gestão e preservação dos e-mails para que as informações contidas neles possam ser estruturadas, acessíveis, preservadas a longo prazo e permanecerem autênticas.
Identification of Metabolic Patterns in Korean Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Their Association With Diabetes-Related Complications
Authors: Kang Minji , Son Kumhee , Hwang You-Cheol , Lee Sihoon , Sang Hyunji , Kim Sunyoung , Yon Dong Keon , Rhee Sang Youl , Lim Hyunjung 
Published: November 2024

Resolving metabolic heterogeneity in type 2 diabetes (T2D) gives patients access to precision medicine. Despite ethnic diversity in pathophysiologic processes in individuals with T2D, studies on subtypes of diabetes related to clinical characteristics in Asians are insufficient. This study aimed to identify metabolic patterns in middle-aged patients with T2D in the Republic of Korea (Korea) and determine the incidence of diabetes-related complications according to patterns. We analyzed 6,603 patients with T2D aged 30–64 years who visited one of three general hospital centers in Korea. Three metabolic patterns were derived: obesity and hypertension (OH-P), liver function–related hyperglycemia (LFHG-P), and decreased kidney function (DKF-P). The highest tertile of the OH-P score was associated with an increased risk of peripheral vascular disease compared with the lowest tertile (hazard ratio [HR] 1.26; 95% CI 1.02–1.57). The highest tertile of the LFHG-P score was associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction (HR 1.79; 95% CI 1.13–2.82) and atrial fibrillation (HR 1.54; 95% CI 1.07–2.23). No association with complications was found in the DKF-P. This study suggests the need for proper management and treatment according to metabolic patterns in patients with T2D.

Article Highlights
Identifying patterns of metabolic heterogeneity in type 2 diabetes (T2D) can help in the development of optimal treatment strategies. We aimed to identify metabolic patterns in patients with T2D in the Republic of Korea and analyze the risk of developing diabetes-related complications according to patterns. We identified three distinct metabolic patterns and observed that each pattern was associated with a heightened risk of developing various cardiovascular diseases. These findings highlight the necessity of devising treatment strategies based on these patterns to prevent diabetes-related complications.
Tectonics and deep structure of the southwestern part of the East European Craton within Ukraine. PART II.
Authors: Starostenko Vitaly , Gintov Oleg , Murovska Ganna , Mychak Sergii , Lysynchuk Dmytro 
Published: November 2024

У другій частині статті продовжується розгляд, за комплексом геофізичних методів, глибинної будови земної кори регіонів України, зокрема Волино-Подільської плити (ВПП), а також поверхні Мохо і мантії до глибини 850 км. Наведено геотермічну, густинну, геомагнітну та геоелектричну моделі кори. За сейсмічними даними показано, що осадовий чохол ВПП на межі з Транс’європейською шовною зоною (ТТЗ) занурюється на глибину біля 4 км проти 8—10 км, як вважалося раніше, тому що решту глибинної частини Підкарпатського трогу складають подрібнені докембрійські кристалічні породи. Межею між Східноєвропейським кратоном (СЄК) і варисцидами Західної та Центральної Європи (ВЗЦЄ) є Передкарпатський розлом, який піднімається від кільоподібного прогину поверхні Мохо під Передкарпатський передовий прогин. Кільоподібний прогин поверхні Мохо під ТТЗ є найглибшою частиною цієї поверхні на території України за даними профілів ширококутного відбиття/заломлення (WARR). У середньому глибина залягання поверхні Мохо на території України, за даними WARR, становить 40—45 км. За матеріалами геотраверсів ГСЗ і профілів WARR у земній корі і верхній частині верхньої мантії спостерігаються лістричні зони розломів, які занурюються в мантію до глибини спостержень сейсмічними методами (75—80 км). Далі у вигляді субдукуючих слебів завтовшки 100—250 км і протяжністю від 300 до 1000 км вони простежуються, за даними сейсмотомографії, на глибину 250—400 км. У статті коротко розглянуто особливості методики сейсмотомографічних досліджень, розробленої в Інституті геофізики ім. С.І. Субботіна НАН України, і наведено схему розміщення основних сутурних зон і слебів на дослідженій території. Занурення слебів спостерігається головно від Фенноскандії та від межі Фенноскандія — Волго-Уралія під Сарматію, а також від СЄК під ТТЗ і ВЗЦЄ і від ВЗЦЄ під ТТЗ. З цього випливає, що результати сейсмотомографії цілком об’єктивно підтверджують висновки прибічників плитотектонічних ідей, висловлені у 1970—1980-х роках ще до появи цих результатів. Наведено загальні висновки за результатами досліджень, викладених у І і ІІ частинах статті. Наголошується, що отримані у ХХІ ст. геофізичні та геологічні дані не залишають сумнівів у тому, що геологічний розвиток Сарматії, в тому числі платформної території України, від неоархею до сучасності відбувається за геодинамічними законами плитової—плюмової тектоніки, яким автори не бачать серйозної альтернативи.