bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensory neuropathy and nociception in rodent models of Parkinson's disease
Authors: Valek Lucie , Auburger Georg , Tegeder Irmgard 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT
Parkinson's disease (PD) often manifests with prodromal pain and sensory losses whose etiologies are not well understood. Multiple genetic and toxicity-based rodent models of PD partly recapitulate the histopathology and motor function deficits. Although far less studied, there is some evidence that rodents, similar to humans, develop sensory manifestations of the disease, which may precede motor disturbances and help to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of PD-associated pain at the molecular and neuron circuit levels. The present Review summarizes nociception and other sensory functions in frequently used rodent PD models within the context of the complex phenotypes. In terms of mechanisms, it appears that the acute loss of dopaminergic neurons in systemic toxicity models (MPTP, rotenone) primarily causes nociceptive hyperexcitability, presumably owing to a loss of inhibitory control, whereas genetic models primarily result in a progressive loss of heat perception, reflecting sensory fiber neuropathies. At the molecular level, neither α-synuclein deposits alone nor failure of mitophagy alone appear to be strong enough to result in axonal or synaptic pathology of nociceptive neurons that manifest at the behavioral level, and peripheral sensory loss may mask central ‘pain’ in behavioral tests. Hence, allostatic combinations or additional challenges and novel behavioral assessments are needed to better evaluate PD-associated sensory neuropathies and pain in rodents.
O enfermeiro em face ao processo de morte do paciente pediátrico
Authors: Souza Flávia Fagundes , Reis Flávia Prazeres 
Published: June 2019

Introdução: Para os profissionais de enfermagem a morte é ainda encarada como um tabu. O convívio diário com pacientes em processo de finitude de vida pode acarretar em sentimentos negativos, que são agravados quando esse indivíduo é uma criança. Assim, esses impactos podem influenciar na qualidade de vida e na assistência prestada por esses indivíduos. Objetivo: Conhecer os impactos vivenciados por enfermeiros no processo de morte do paciente pediátrico. Método: Pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, descrita e exploratória, realizada em um hospital pediátrico, na cidade de Salvador- BA em abril de 2017. Foram entrevistados 10 enfermeiros atuantes em Pediatria há mais de dois anos. Da análise dos relatos coletados depreenderam-se quatro categorias temáticas. Resultados: Constatou-se que o enfrentamento da morte constitui uma situação complicada e dolorosa, e que a sua grande frequência nos hospitais não modifica os impactos sofridos por esses profissionais. Ficou evidente que o convívio desses enfermeiros com o paciente pediátrico favorece a criação de laços afetivos. Considerações finais: Concluiu-se que a temática da morte ainda é pouco abordada na formação profissional e que a criação de serviços de apoio psicológico nas instituições poderia contribuir bastante para minimizar os danos causados pelo enfrentamento em longo prazo com esses óbitos.
Fatigue in individuals with knee osteoarthritis: Its relationship with sleep quality, pain and depression
Authors: Fertelli Tulay Kars , Tuncay Fatma Ozkan 
Published: June 2019

Objective: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out to investigate the relationship between fatigue, and sleep quality, pain and depression in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
Methods: A cross-sectional, correlational design was used. The study sample comprised 151 individuals with knee osteoarthritis and 147 healthy individuals. To collect the study data, the Sociodemographic Characteristics Questionnaire (SCQ), Visual Analogue Scale to Evaluate Fatigue Severity (VAS-F), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Visual Analogue Scale and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were used. To analyze the study data, appropriate tests were used.
Results: It was found that the patients with knee osteoarthritis had higher fatigue scores, and higher PSQI and BDI total scores than did the healthy participants, and that the difference between them was significant (p<0.05). There was a positive correlation between fatigue score and PSQI, VAS and BDI scores (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The participants with knee osteoarthritis suffered fatigue more than did the healthy participants. This fatigue suffered by them affected their sleep quality, pain and depression negatively.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.4.383
How to cite this:Fertelli TK, Tuncay FO. Fatigue in individuals with knee osteoarthritis: Its relationship with sleep quality, pain and depression. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(4):1040-1044. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.4.383
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Maternal and cord blood prolactin level and pregnancy complications
Authors: Alawad Zainab M. , Al-Omary Hanan L. 
Published: June 2019

Objectives: To explore the correlation between maternal and cord blood prolactin, the correlation between cord prolactin and birth weight, and to compare cord blood prolactin in new-borns of women with normal pregnancy and women with pregnancy complications namely; gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes and preterm labour.Methods: This study was performed from September to December 2018. Thirty-two women, delivered at Baghdad teaching hospital, and their newborns (32) were included. Maternal blood (5 ml) was taken before labour and cord blood (5 ml) was collected after placenta expulsion. Maternal and cord blood prolactin were analysed using fluorescence immunoassay.
Results: Cord blood prolactin was higher in babies born to hypertensive women (405.28±77.52 ng/ml) than normal pregnancy women (244.80±60.80 ng/ml), P=0.000. Also, cord prolactin in gestational hypertension group was significantly higher than diabetic (P=0.006) and preterm labour (P=0.000) groups. No significant difference was noticed in cord blood prolactin in newborns of diabetic and normal pregnancy women (299.28±37.01, 244.80±60.80 ng/ml respectively, P=0.053). Preterm babies had lower cord prolactin (204.57±22.90 ng/ml) than normal pregnancy babies (244.80±60.80 ng/ml), however the difference was non-significant, P=0.118. Positive correlation was found between cord and maternal prolactin (P=0.000) and between cord prolactin and birth weight (P=0.018).
Conclusion: Cord blood prolactin is high in newborns of hypertensive women, low in preterm neonates. Diabetes has no effect on cord prolactin level.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.4.558
How to cite this:Alawad ZM, Al-Omary HL. Maternal and cord blood prolactin level and pregnancy complications. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(4):1122-1127. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.4.558
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Assessment of Psycho-Education of Carers Questionnaire: APEC-U” translation and cross cultural adaptation of an Urdu Version
Authors: Haider Imran Ijaz , Tiwana Farah , Zohra Noor , Rehman Khaleeq ur 
Published: June 2019

Background and Objective: Psycho-education of carers is a part of good mental health practice. Our objective was to translate and validate the English questionnaire “Assessment of Psycho-Education of Carers” (APEC) into Urdu (APEC-U), for use in Pakistan.
Methods: Following development and validation of APEC, it was translated into Urdu after consultation with experts and translators. After pretesting, one hundred and twenty bilingual male 67(55.8%) and female 53(44.2%) primary carers, who could understand both Urdu and English, and were carers for more than three months, were asked to fill in the self reporting Urdu questionnaire at the Fatima Memorial Hospital Psychiatry Out-Patient Department. The data were collected over a period of three months from September, 2018 to November, 2018.
Main outcome measures: Responses were analyzed for internal consistency, reliability, Intraclass correlation coefficients and kappa statistics.
Results: APEC-U was understandable and capable of assessing psycho-education in Urdu. High internal consistency was demonstrated on the full scale as 0.859. Degree of agreement (<0.001) between the Urdu and the originally developed English version was evaluated by Cohen’s Kappa, and a high degree of agreement was demonstrated.
Conclusion: The Urdu questionnaire can adequately assess psycho-education of carers in psychiatric settings.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.4.661
How to cite this:Haider II, Tiwana F, Zohra N, Khaleeq Ur Rehman. Assessment of Psycho-Education of Carers Questionnaire: APEC-U” translation and cross cultural adaptation of an Urdu Version. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(4):1045-1049. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.4.661
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Pattern of peer review proforma of medical journals of Pakistan
Authors: Shah Faaiz Ali , Ali Mian Amjad , Nazar Zahid , Rasheed Haroon Ur 
Published: June 2019

Objective: To analyze the contents and format of peer review proforma of Medical journals of Pakistan.
Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in the Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology Lady reading Hospital Peshawar Pakistan from 3rd August 2018 to 9th February 2019. An email was sent to the chief editors of all the medical journals listed on the official website (www.pmdc.org.pk) of Pakistan Medical and Dental Council (PM&DC). They were requested to send peer review proformas of their journals. The received proformas were analyzed for major contents and format or style. The proforma had a structured format when each portion of the manuscript i.e, title, abstract, key words, methodology, results, discussion, conclusion and references were individually sectioned for evaluation. Whereas in the unstructured proformas the reviewer was asked to assess the manuscript as a whole.
Results: We received 41 proformas via emails. Majority (82.9%) of the proformas were structured while 17% were unstructured. A scoring or rating system for the manuscript was present in 31.7% of the proformas while 43.9% of the proformas were without any scoring system. Guidelines for the peer reviewers were given in 58.5% of the proformas. The peer review policy (closed or open) was mentioned in only 7.3%. About 9.7% of the proformas asked the reviewers to disclose conflict of interests.
Conclusion: A spectrum of contents and format of peer review proformas of medical journals were observed. We found structured peer review proforma with a scoring scale comprehensive and more appropriate for peer review.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.4.713
How to cite this:Shah FA, Ali MA, Nazar Z, Haroon Ur Rasheed. Pattern of peer review proforma of medical journals of Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(4):1013-1017. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.4.713
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Rice plants reduce methane emissions in high-emitting paddies
Authors: Oda Masato , Chiem Nguyen Huu 
Published: June 2019

Background: Rice is understood to enhance methane emissions from paddy fields in IPCC guidelines. However, rice actually has two separate functions related to methane: i) emission enhancement, such as by providing emission pathways (aerenchyma) and methanogenetic substrates; and ii) emission suppression by providing oxygen pathways, which suppress methanogenesis or enhance methane oxidation. The overall role of rice is thus determined by the balance between its enhancing and suppressing functions. Although previous studies have suggested that rice enhances total methane emissions, we aimed to demonstrate in high-emitting paddy fields that the overall methane emission is decreased by rice plants. Methods: We compared methane emissions of with and without rice plants in triple cropping rice paddies in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. The gas samples are collected using chamber method and ware analyzed by gas chromatography. Results: We found that rice, in fact, suppressed overall methane emissions in high-emitting paddies. The emission reductions increased with the growth of rice to the maximum tillering stage, then decreased after the heading stage, and finally recovered. Discussion: Our result indicates that the overall methane emission by ebullition is larger than the overall emission of rice planted area. In addition, although many studies in standard-emitting paddies have found that the contribution of soil organic matter to methanogenesis is small, our results in high-emitting paddies suggest that methanogenesis depended mainly on soil organic matter accumulated from past crops. The higher the methane emission level, the lower the contribution of the rice-derived substrate; therefore, the role of rice in high-emitting paddies is the opposite to in that of standard-emitting paddies. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates that during the growing season, rice is suppressing methane emissions in high-emitting paddies. This means the significance of using the rice variety which has high suppressing performance in high-emitting paddies.
Large-scale analysis of B-cell epitopes of envelope: Implications for Zika vaccine and immunotherapeutic development
Authors: Almansour Iman , Alfares Rahaf , Aljofi Halah 
Published: June 2019

Background:Cases of the re-emergence of Zika virus in 2015 were associated with severe neurologic complications, including Gillien-Barre syndrome in adults and congenital Zika syndrome in newborns. The major structural determinant of immunity to the Zika virus is the E protein. Although B-cell epitopes of Zika E protein were recently identified, data regarding epitope variations among Zika strains in pre-epidemic and epidemic periods are lacking.Methods:Here, we conducted systematic bioinformatics analyses of Zika strains isolated between 1968 and 2017. Multiple sequence alignment of E protein as well as B-cell epitopes annotations were performed. In addition, homology-based approach was utilized to construct three-dimensional structures of monomeric E glycoproteins to annotate epitope variations. Lastly, prediction of ofN-glycosylation patterns and prediction of protein stability upon mutations were also investigated.Results:Our analyses indicates that epitopes recognized by human mAbs ZIKV-117, ZIKV-15, and ZIKV-19 were highly conserved, suggesting as attractive targets for the development of vaccines and immunotherapeutics directed against diverse Zika strains. In addition, the epitope recognized by ZIKV-E-2A10G6 mAb derived from immunized mice was mostly conserved across Zika strains.Conclusions:Our data provide new insights regarding antigenic similarities between Zika strains circulating worldwide. These data are essential for understanding the impact of evolution on antigenic cross-reactivity between Zika lineages and strains. Furtherin-vitroanalyses are needed to determine how mutationsat predefined epitopes could impact the development of vaccines that can effectively neutralize Zika viruses.
Climate change-induced species distribution modeling in hyper-arid ecosystems
Authors: Ksiksi Taoufik Saleh , K. Remya , Mousa Mohamed T. , Al-Badi Shima K. , Al Kaabi Salama K. , Alameemi Shamsa M. , Fereaa Sanad M. , Hassan Fatima E. 
Published: June 2019

Background: The impact of climate change on selected plant species from the hyper-arid landscape of United Arab Emirates (UAE) was assessed through modeling of their habitat suitability and distribution. Calotropis procera, Prosopis cineraria and Ziziphus spina-christi were used for this study. The specific objectives of this study were to identify the current and future (for 2050s and 2070s) suitable habitats distribution using MaxEnt, an Ecological Envelope Model. Methods: The adopted method consists of extraction of current and future bioclimatic variables together with their land use cover and elevation for the study area. MaxEnt species distribution model was then used to simulate the distribution of the selected species. The projections are simulated for the current date, the 2050s and 2070s using Community Climate System Model version 4 with representative concentration pathway RCP4.5. Results: The current distribution model of all three species evolved with a high suitable habitat towards the north eastern part of the country. For C. procera, an area of 1775 km2 is modeled under highly suitable habitat for the current year, while it is expected to increase for both 2050s and 2070s. The current high suitability of P. cinararia was around an area of 1335 km2 and the future projection revealed an increase of high suitability habitats. Z. spina-christi showed a potential area of 5083 km2 under high suitability and it might increase in the future. Conclusions: Precipitation of coldest quarter (BIO19) had the maximum contribution for all the three species under investigation.
Pricing Ancillary Service Subscriptions
Authors: Wang Ruxian , Dada Maqbool , Sahin Ozge 
Published: June 2019

We investigate heterogeneous customer choice behavior in the presence of main products—ancillary services with options of pay-per-use and subscription—and outside option. The willingness to pay for a service subscription is derived as a closed-form expression, which enables us to characterize the optimal pricing strategy and the impact of service subscriptions on customer surplus. Analytical results and numerical experiments show that offering service subscriptions may result in “win-win,” “win-win-win,” “win-win-lose,” or “lose-lose-win” scenarios or in other situations for the firm, competitors, and customers in a variety of monopolistic and duopolistic scenarios. The advantages of service subscription still remain with heterogeneous customers differing on multiple dimensions including the nominal utility, uncertainty in the need of ancillary service, and purchase frequency. We find that if the product quality for both firms, measured by nominal utility, is not significantly different, more fierce price competition by offering a service subscription may result in a higher customer surplus, compared with that without a service subscription. Ancillary service subscription can help firms to better price-discriminate heterogeneous customers through different subscription decisions and subsequent purchase behavior. This paper was accepted by Gad Allon, operations management.
A CRÍTICA DA ECONOMIA POLÍTICA EM ÉTIENNE BALIBAR
Authors: Pimenta Alexandre Marinho 
Published: June 2019

Esse artigo analisa a contribuição de Étienne Balibar à crítica da economia política.Focando em sua obra de 1974, Cinq études du matérialisme historique, colocaremos em evidência como o autor relaciona o processo de produção-valorização do capital e as classes sociais (em luta), sob o marxismo, e seus impactos na teoria social. Trata-se de uma singular apropriação do pensamento de Marx que tem como base as teses da chamada escola althusseriana.
HOSPITAL COLÔNIA DE BARBACENA: UM PASSADO QUE INSISTE EM SE REPETIR
Authors: Manzi Filho Ronaldo 
Published: June 2019

primeiramente, esse texto busca trazer à tona uma barbárie acontecida no Brasil hápoucos anos: o que aconteceu em “O hospital colônia de Barbacena”. Podemos hoje ter acesso ao ocorrido devido a alguns relatos, como da pesquisa realizada pela jornalista Daniela Arbex. Com esse material em mãos, é possível analisar o que se passava nesse “hospital” à luz do acontecimento Auschwitz. A proposta desse artigo é mostrar que ainda ressoa a desumanização ocorrida em Auschwitz na atualidade (de forma legal e sob os olhos da sociedade), tal como em Barbacena. Minha proposta é analisar esse fato a partir do autoritarismo brasileiro.
A. en el País de las maravillas (normalizadas)
Authors: Fernando Magarzo Ana 
Published: June 2019

Imaginar el reciente hallazgo de un ejemplar de la primera edición del Arte de Proyectar en Arquitectura, repleto de asombrosas anotaciones al margen, y no tan al margen, arrojaría un nuevo interés, y completamente inesperado, sobre el que ha sido durante mucho tiempo el manual de la normalización y el estandarte de la funcionalidad por excelencia.El gran vademécum habría sido encontrado en la última casa de Ernst Neufert, en Bugneaux-sur-Rolle, Suiza. Se descartarían que las anotaciones fueran del propio Ernst, y se barajaría la posibilidad de que hubiesen sido realizadas, bien por la pintora Alice Vollmer, mujer de Ernst, y discípula de Georg Munche y Paul Klee, o por un tal Andreas Vollmer, del que apenas quedaría rastro, y que habría sido, al parecer, durante años, ayudante (¿secretario?, ¿chofer?, ¿arquitecto?) del arquitecto. Este descubrimiento supondría, no sólo una nueva perspectiva respecto a ese Arte de Proyectar en Arquitectura (con todas las contradicciones que ello implica), sino respecto a lo que hasta ahora hemos entendido (que entendían) por función, o por medida.
Assessment of GNSS Position Integrity with the Use of Post-Processed EGNOS Data in the Area of Szczecin -Świnoujście Waterway
Authors: Bilewski Mateusz , Zalewski Paweł 
Published: June 2019

AbstractGNSS measurements can be supplemented by the information available in EGNOS system even if one has only GNSS receiver that is not processing Satellite-Based Augmentation Systems data. The article describes how to obtain the variances of ranges to the satellites used for positioning when the final antenna position and satellites’ elevation and azimuths values are recorded. To verify how the resultant estimates of position error correspond to real errors the research based on GPS receiver was conducted.
The Shell Ocean Discovery Xprize Competition Impact on the Development of Ocean Mapping Possibilities
Authors: Zwolak Karolina , Zarayskaya Yulia , Wigley Rochelle Ann , Lacerda Christina , Ketter Tomer , Anderson Robert , Bazhenova Evgenia , Bohan Aileen , Dorshow Wetherbee , Elsaied Mohamed , Fitzcarrald Andres , Falconer Robin , Kearns Timothy , Proctor Alison , Roperez Jaya , Ryzhov Ivan , Sade Hadar , Sattiabaruth Seeboruth , Simpson Benjamin , Sumiyoshi Masanao , Tinmouth Neil 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe paper presents the impact that the XPRIZE Foundation competition, the Shell Ocean Discovery XPRIZE, has had on the development of current ocean mapping possibilities. A race for the prize has accelerated the development of innovative seabed mapping approaches that concentrated on new systems engineering or cutting-edge and innovative methods of existing equipment exploitation. The GEBCO - Nippon Foundation (NF) Alumni Team’s entry is presented in details as a state of the art example of mature and robust oceanmapping solution utilizing a high degree of autonomy and providing the possibilities of deepocean mapping that were unattainable before.