bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical analysis of U-shaped hysterisis steel damper with energy absorber for seismic areas
Authors: Satria E , Son L , Bur M , Akbar M D , Haris S 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This paper investigates one type of metallic dampers used in many large buildings in seismic areas. The previous studies have shown a possibility of the introduced damper to act as a damper as well as energy absorber through yielding on some parts of the damper. However, the occurred yielding caused a plastic deformation after unloading. The study aims to substitute the previous critical area to another part which is considerably uncritical during loading. Therefore, an additional part in the form of a slender column is inserted into the damper. The bottom part of the column is clamped to the base plate of the damper. There is a restoring moment acting on the column which was able to restore a large displacement of the damper to at least a small residual plastic displacement after unloading. A stiffness, strength and energy dissipation of the modified damper is determined by a nonlinear finite element technique which involves both geometrically and materially nonlinearities. The model was subjected by a monotonic increasing load which is applied horizontally through the method of displacement control until one cycle of hysteresis is formed. The final result is in a term of comparison of hysteresis curves between a full model of hysteresis damper with and without a slender column.
Characterization on particle size distribution of reduced lateritic nickel ore using biomass carbon reduction
Authors: Abidin F , Harjanto S , Kawigraha A , Permatasari N V 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The use of biomass carbon as a reducing agent in lateritic nickel ore reduction is one alternative to substitute dependence on conventional reducing agents such as coal and cokes. The difference in particle size distribution from reduced ore shows differences in characteristics that can be used as a reference in the next step extraction process of lateritic nickel ore. In this study, characterization of lateritic nickel ore reduction at high temperatures using coconut shell charcoal as a biomass carbon reducing agent. Reduction process was carried out at 1200°C and holding for 90 minutes, heating continued until 1500°C and held for 15 minutes. Effect of particle size distribution from lateritic ores reduction was investigated by chemical composition, especially changes in the composition of iron and nickel. Also, mineralogy analysis and microstructure characterization were performed to analyze compounds, morphology and elemental mapping analysis after reduction in each particle size distribution.
The experimental performance of the semi-cylindrical type of solar concentrator collector on the addition of heat storage material
Authors: Harun D , Zulfadhli  , Akhyar  
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The heat absorbability and the efficiency of water heaters are increased by adding phase change material as heat storage in solar water heaters known as cylindrical through collectors type. It used to absorb heat from solar energy and will concentrate towards an absorber pipe containing water, so it can increase the water temperature that flows through the tube. In this study, two absorber copper pipes used with Ø 2.54 and Ø 1.91 cm, respectively. The copper pipes arranged parallel and placed the heat storage materials with different conditions. A drum with a diameter of 55.5 cm and a length of 10 cm is split vertically into two parts which will be used as a cylindrical type of solar collector — the solar intensity measured during the experiment. Results show the highest water out temperature is 65 °C at 13:00 WIB that the position of paraffin inside pipe 2 with a solar intensity is 1195 W/m2 and the efficiency is 13.5%. The water inside of pipe 2 found the water out temperature is 62 °C and the efficiency is 12.31%. The position of air inside of pipe 2 recorded the water out temperature is 60 °C, and the efficiency is 10.21%. It can be concluded that the effect of adding paraffin inside of pipe 2 is better than water and air.
The effect of particle compositions on the activation energy of the pa6/bagasse composite
Authors: Thalib S , Huzni S , Fonna S , Azhari C H , Zakaria S 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The Activation energy of PA6/Bagasse particles blends was evaluated as a function of particle compositions. The composite was prepared in compositions of weight %PA 6%/weight Bagasse particles, that is 95/5, 90/10 and 87.5/12.5 respectively using a twin screw extruder at 40 rpm and 220 °C blending temperature. The Activation energy is determined based on rheological testing with using a capillary rheometer on constant heating method. In this test, it is obtained the relationship of viscosity and temperature of melting composite. Arrhenius linear plot between viscosity to 1/T. can be obtained the activation energy.
Hardness and impact energy absorbed produced by Q&T steel and DQ&T teel
Authors: Yurianto  , Pratikto  , Rudy S , Wahyono S , Eflita Y , Agus S , Yusuf U 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Hot rolled plate steel is heat treatable steel made in Indonesia for commercially developed to Quenched and Tempered Steel. This steels made by PT. Krakatau Steel (Persero) Cilegon, Banten, Indonesia. The aim of this study to improve the hardness and energy impact through heat treatment of double quench + temper. The method used is heating up to 900°C (maintained for 30 minutes and cooled by water) for fives specimen hot rolled plate steel and produce the quenched 900 steel (Q900 Steel). Four Q900 steel specimens were heated at 750°C, 800°C, 850°C, and 900°C (maintained for 30 minutes) each. Then five specimens (include Q900 Steel) are tempered at 150°C (maintained for 30 minutes) and produced Q900 & T Steel, Q900+750 & T Steel, Q900+800 & T Steel, Q900+850 & T Steel, Q900+900 & T Steel. Results of the study were changes in microstructure, hardness and impact energy. Hardness and impact energy absorbed of Q900+750&T Steel higher than Q900 &T Steel.
Determining the priority criteria and ranking of provincial bridge maintenance in West Sumatra using a combination of the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process and VIKOR-Modification methods
Authors: Yossyafra  , Angelia N , Yosritzal  , Meyadtri  , Mazni D I 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
There are many bridges that need to be maintained in a provincial road network, with limited funds for bridge maintenance, many bridge criteria (average daily traffic, economic benefits, fund budget, technical conditions, bridge hierarchy, spatial planning, flood potential, type of damage, erosion potential, age and surface concrete, etc.), and various levels of conditions, are a number of criteria that are taken into account in the decision making by the government as an institution responsible for the functioning of roads and bridges. The selection of bridge maintenance priorities in West Sumatra Province was decided through a coordination meeting between agencies, and sometimes relatively without going through sufficient technical analysis. This research initiated, the selected criteria to be taken into consideration, the order of the important criteria in the selected network segment. This study involved a number of road and bridge maintenance experts at the Ministry of Public Works, Road and Bridge Research and Development Institutions, as well as the Department of Public Works and Spatial Planning of West Sumatra Province. A combination of Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (to determine weighted criteria) and VIKOR-Modification methods (to determine the order of choice of bridges to be handled) are selected. There are eight criteria that can be used in determining the priority of bridge maintenance, and the priority sequence of the most important are: bridge technical conditions, aging of the bridge, average daily traffic, economic benefits, road function, budget, disaster risk (Flood, Landslides, Tsunamis) and Spatial Plans.
Analysis of water balance on Lake Maninjau, West Sumatera
Authors: Sunaryo  , Nola Y D , Istijono B , Junaidi  
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Lake Maninjau is located in Tanjung Raya sub-district, Agam Regency, West Sumatra Province. Geographically, it’s located at 100 ° 32’46.33 “and 0 ° 50’84.2”. The research was to analyze the water balance of Lake Maninjau in accordance with the rainfall data. The data used in this study was a land use map in order to determine the progress of its land cover, rainfall data, and outlet data of Lake Maninjau. The rainfall value was the value of the debit calculation input using FJ Mock, and ETo from the calculation of annual air temperature climatology data. Outflow data was obtained from a summary of the measurements of Lake Maninjau hydropower from the year of 2007 to 2017. From the analysis of water availability of Lake Maninjau, an analysis of water needs and its availability was considered sufficient to meet the water needs around the lake. It was occured when the average lake water inflow was 174,935 m3/sec per year with 5,593 m3/sec per year on the need for (outflow) lake water, and the difference between the two was 169,342 m3/sec per year according to data from 2007 to 2017. Therefore, the capacity of Lake Maninjau’s water is still requisite in number.
Seismic retrofitting analysis using concrete jacketing and shear wall on dental hospital building of Andalas University
Authors: Fauzan  , Ismail F A , Jauhari Z A 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDue to some damage to the structural elements of Andalas University Dental Hospital building, an evaluation of the building structure was carried out. Based on the structural evaluation using Indonesian standard code, SNI 03-1726-2012, it was found that the building is not strong enough to resist the combination loads acting on the structure, especially seismic load. Therefore, the structure should be seismically improved. In this study, there are two retrofitting methods are proposed and analysed: adding concrete jacketing and shear wall. The concrete jacketing method was conducted by enlarging the cross-sectional dimensions and adding reinforcement bar to the structural elements (beam and column) that are unable to resist the working loads. By using the concrete jacketing method, there are many structural components must be strengthened. Therefore, another retrofitting method is proposed, by adding the concrete shear wall. Shear wall is specially designed structural walls include in the buildings to resist the horizontal forces that induced in the plane of the wall due to earthquake forces. From the analysis, it is concluded that the two retrofitting methods are effective enough to reduce the internal forces and displacement of the building. Considering the more effective and efficient work, retrofitting method using shear wall was recommended for strengthening the Dental Hospital building.
Invited Commentary: What Social Epidemiology Brings to the Table—Reconciling Social Epidemiology and Causal Inference
Authors: Robinson Whitney R , Bailey Zinzi D 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In response to the Galea and Hernán article, “Win-Win: Reconciling Social Epidemiology and Causal Inference” (Am J Epidemiol. 2020;189(XX):XXXX–XXXX), we offer a definition of social epidemiology. We then argue that methodological challenges most salient to social epidemiology have not been adequately addressed in quantitative causal inference, that identifying causes is a worthy scientific goal, and that quantitative causal inference can learn from social epidemiology’s methodological innovations. Finally, we make 3 recommendations for quantitative causal inference.
Choosing Axioms of Correlativity
Authors: Halpin Andrew 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This article explores an axiomatic approach to distinguishing different usages of correlativity and investigates Hurd and Moore’s disagreement with Hohfeldian correlativity, in terms of a choice of axioms. Detailed critical consideration is provided of three negative steps, ascribing theoretical positions to Hohfeld that Hurd and Moore wish to amend or depart from; and three positive steps taken towards vindicating their stated objectives of avoiding moral combat and providing recognition to active rights. The conclusion is reached that the actual state of any normative system, moral or legal, can best be captured by the finer-grained analysis of correlativity found within Hohfeld’s scheme of analysis. Supplementary discussion is provided on the role of Hurd’s “Correspondence Thesis” within a correlativity axiom for permission (liberty/privilege); the relationship between the correspondence thesis and a set of compossible rights; the compatibility between a logic of correlativity and deontic logic; and, the relationship between moral and legal normative systems, or, our perceptions of them.
Females prefer the calls of better fathers in a Neotropical frog with biparental care
Authors: Pettitt Beth A , Bourne Godfrey R , Bee Mark A 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMale secondary sexual traits potentially function as indicators of direct or indirect fitness benefits to females. Direct benefits, such as paternal care, may be especially important to females in species with biparental care. In an experimental field study of the golden rocket frog (Anomaloglossus beebei), a Neotropical species with biparental care, we tested predictions from four hypotheses proposed to explain the evolutionary relationship between male secondary sexual traits and paternal care quality (the “good parent,” “differential allocation,” “trade-off,” and “essential male care” hypotheses). We examined: 1) the influence of paternal care on offspring survival, 2) the relationships between male calls and paternal care, maternal care, and opportunities for males to acquire multiple mates, and 3) female preferences for three acoustic properties of male advertisement calls. Our results reveal that paternal care positively impacts offspring survival, that males producing longer calls also provide higher-quality paternal care in the form of greater egg attendance and territory defense, and that females prefer longer calls. Females did not discriminate among potential mates based on differences in dominant frequency or call rate. These findings, which suggest male advertisement calls are indicators of potential direct benefits to females in the form of paternal care, are consistent with the good parent hypothesis and inconsistent with the trade-off, differential allocation, and essential male care hypotheses.
Analysis of grouped data using conjugate generalized linear mixed models
Authors: Lee Jarod Y L , Green Peter J , Ryan Louise M 
Published: September 2019

SummaryThis article concerns a class of generalized linear mixed models for two-level grouped data, where the random effects are uniquely indexed by groups and are independent. We derive necessary and sufficient conditions for the marginal likelihood to be expressed in explicit form. These models are unified under the conjugate generalized linear mixed models framework, where conjugate refers to the fact that the marginal likelihood can be expressed in closed form, rather than implying inference via the Bayesian paradigm. The proposed framework allows simultaneous conjugacy for Gaussian, Poisson and gamma responses, and thus can accommodate both unit- and group-level covariates. Only group-level covariates can be incorporated for the binomial distribution. In a simulation of Poisson data, our framework outperformed its competitors in terms of computational time, and was competitive in terms of robustness against misspecification of the random effects distributions.
Polygenic burden in focal and generalized epilepsies
Authors: Leu Costin , Stevelink Remi , Smith Alexander W , Goleva Slavina B , Kanai Masahiro , Ferguson Lisa , Campbell Ciaran , Kamatani Yoichiro , Okada Yukinori , Sisodiya Sanjay M , Cavalleri Gianpiero L , Koeleman Bobby P C , Lerche Holger , Jehi Lara , Davis Lea K , Najm Imad M , Palotie Aarno , Daly Mark J , Busch Robyn M ,   Epi25 Consortium, Lal Dennis 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Rare genetic variants can cause epilepsy, and genetic testing has been widely adopted for severe, paediatric-onset epilepsies. The phenotypic consequences of common genetic risk burden for epilepsies and their potential future clinical applications have not yet been determined. Using polygenic risk scores (PRS) from a European-ancestry genome-wide association study in generalized and focal epilepsy, we quantified common genetic burden in patients with generalized epilepsy (GE-PRS) or focal epilepsy (FE-PRS) from two independent non-Finnish European cohorts (Epi25 Consortium, n = 5705; Cleveland Clinic Epilepsy Center, n = 620; both compared to 20 435 controls). One Finnish-ancestry population isolate (Finnish-ancestry Epi25, n = 449; compared to 1559 controls), two European-ancestry biobanks (UK Biobank, n = 383 656; Vanderbilt biorepository, n = 49 494), and one Japanese-ancestry biobank (BioBank Japan, n = 168 680) were used for additional replications. Across 8386 patients with epilepsy and 622 212 population controls, we found and replicated significantly higher GE-PRS in patients with generalized epilepsy of European-ancestry compared to patients with focal epilepsy (Epi25: P = 1.64×10−15; Cleveland: P = 2.85×10−4; Finnish-ancestry Epi25: P = 1.80×10−4) or population controls (Epi25: P = 2.35×10−70; Cleveland: P = 1.43×10−7; Finnish-ancestry Epi25: P = 3.11×10−4; UK Biobank and Vanderbilt biorepository meta-analysis: P = 7.99×10−4). FE-PRS were significantly higher in patients with focal epilepsy compared to controls in the non-Finnish, non-biobank cohorts (Epi25: P = 5.74×10−19; Cleveland: P = 1.69×10−6). European ancestry-derived PRS did not predict generalized epilepsy or focal epilepsy in Japanese-ancestry individuals. Finally, we observed a significant 4.6-fold and a 4.5-fold enrichment of patients with generalized epilepsy compared to controls in the top 0.5% highest GE-PRS of the two non-Finnish European cohorts (Epi25: P = 2.60×10−15; Cleveland: P = 1.39×10−2). We conclude that common variant risk associated with epilepsy is significantly enriched in multiple cohorts of patients with epilepsy compared to controls—in particular for generalized epilepsy. As sample sizes and PRS accuracy continue to increase with further common variant discovery, PRS could complement established clinical biomarkers and augment genetic testing for patient classification, comorbidity research, and potentially targeted treatment.
Protective Immunity and New Vaccines for Lyme Disease
Authors: Gomes-Solecki Maria , Arnaboldi Paul M , Backenson P Bryon , Benach Jorge L , Cooper Christopher L , Dattwyler Raymond J , Diuk-Wasser Maria , Fikrig Erol , Hovius J W , Laegreid Will , Lundberg Urban , Marconi Richard T , Marques Adriana R , Molloy Philip , Narasimhan Sukanya , Pal Utpal , Pedra Joao H F , Plotkin Stanley , Rock Daniel L , Rosa Patricia , Telford Sam R , Tsao Jean , Yang X Frank , Schutzer Steven E 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Lyme disease, caused by some Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, is the most common tick-borne illness in the Northern Hemisphere and the number of cases, and geographic spread, continue to grow. Previously identified B. burgdorferi proteins, lipid immunogens, and live mutants lead the design of canonical vaccines aimed at disrupting infection in the host. Discovery of the mechanism of action of the first vaccine catalyzed the development of new strategies to control Lyme disease that bypassed direct vaccination of the human host. Thus, novel prevention concepts center on proteins produced by B. burgdorferi during tick transit and on tick proteins that mediate feeding and pathogen transmission. A burgeoning area of research is tick immunity as it can unlock mechanistic pathways that could be targeted for disruption. Studies that shed light on the mammalian immune pathways engaged during tick-transmitted B. burgdorferi infection would further development of vaccination strategies against Lyme disease.
Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Uptake and Discontinuation Among Young Black Men Who Have Sex With Men in Atlanta, Georgia: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Serota David P , Rosenberg Eli S , Sullivan Patrick S , Thorne Annie L , Rolle Charlotte-Paige M , Del Rio Carlos , Cutro Scott , Luisi Nicole , Siegler Aaron J , Sanchez Travis H , Kelley Colleen F 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has great potential to reduce HIV incidence among young black men who have sex with men (YBMSM); however, initiation and persistence for this group remain low. We sought to understand the patterns and predictors of PrEP uptake and discontinuation among YBMSM in Atlanta, Georgia.MethodsPrEP was offered to all participants in a prospective cohort of YBMSM aged 18–29 years not living with HIV. Time to PrEP uptake, first discontinuation, and final discontinuation were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox proportional hazard models were used to identify predictors of uptake and discontinuation.ResultsAfter 440 person-years of follow-up, 44% of YBMSM initiated PrEP through the study after a median of 122 days. Of PrEP initiators, 69% had a first discontinuation and 40% had a final discontinuation during the study period. The median time to first PrEP discontinuation was 159 days. Factors associated with PrEP uptake included higher self-efficacy, sexually transmitted infection (STI), and condomless anal intercourse. Factors associated with discontinuation included younger age, cannabis use, STI, and fewer sex partners. HIV incidence was 5.23/100 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.40–7.23), with a lower rate among those who started PrEP (incidence rate ratio, 0.39; 95% CI, .16–.92).ConclusionsPersistent PrEP coverage in this cohort of YBMSM was suboptimal, and discontinuations were common despite additional support services available through the study. Interventions to support PrEP uptake and persistence, especially for younger and substance-using YBMSM, are necessary to achieve full PrEP effectiveness.Clinical Trials RegistrationNCT02503618.
Validation of the San Diego Early Test Score for Early Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Among Amsterdam Men Who Have Sex With Men
Authors: Dijkstra Maartje , Lin Timothy C , de Bree Godelieve J , Hoenigl Martin , Schim van der Loeff Maarten F 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The San Diego Early Test score is a simple risk-assessment tool for acute, and early human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Validation in a prospective cohort of Amsterdam men who have sex with men showed fair prediction of HIV seroconversion (AUC, 0.701). This score can help prioritize and target HIV-prevention strategies.