bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Horizontal acquisition of a patchwork Calvin cycle by symbiotic and free-living Campylobacterota (formerly Epsilonproteobacteria)
Authors: Assié Adrien , Leisch Nikolaus , Meier Dimitri V. , Gruber-Vodicka Harald , Tegetmeyer Halina E. , Meyerdirks Anke , Kleiner Manuel , Hinzke Tjorven , Joye Samantha , Saxton Matthew , Dubilier Nicole , Petersen Jillian M. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAlthough the majority of known autotrophs use the Calvin-Benson-Bassham (CBB) cycle for carbon fixation, all currently described autotrophs from the Campylobacterota (previously Epsilonproteobacteria) use the reductive tricarboxylic acid cycle (rTCA) instead. We discovered campylobacterotal epibionts (“CandidatusThiobarba”) of deep-sea mussels that have acquired a complete CBB cycle and lost key genes of the rTCA cycle. Intriguingly, the phylogenies of campylobacterotal CBB genes suggest they were acquired in multiple transfers from Gammaproteobacteria closely related to sulfur-oxidizing endosymbionts associated with the mussels, as well as from Betaproteobacteria. We hypothesize that “Ca.Thiobarba” switched from the rTCA to a fully functional CBB cycle during its evolution, by acquiring genes from multiple sources, including co-occurring symbionts. We also found key CBB cycle genes in free-living Campylobacterota, suggesting that the CBB cycle may be more widespread in this phylum than previously known. Metatranscriptomics and metaproteomics confirmed high expression of CBB cycle genes in mussel-associated “Ca.Thiobarba”. Direct stable isotope fingerprinting showed that “Ca.Thiobarba” has typical CBB signatures, additional evidence that it uses this cycle for carbon fixation. Our discovery calls into question current assumptions about the distribution of carbon fixation pathways across the tree of life, and the interpretation of stable isotope measurements in the environment.
Exploring the Correlation between the Cognitive Benefits of Drug Combinations in a Clinical Alzheimer Disease Database and the Efficacies of the Same Drug Combinations Predicted from a Computational Model
Authors: Anastasio Thomas J. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractINTRODUCTIONIdentification of drug combinations that could be effective in Alzheimer’s treatment is made difficult by the number of possible combinations. This analysis identifies as potentially therapeutic those drug combinations that rank highest when their efficacy is determined jointly from two independent data sources.METHODSEstimates of the efficacy of the same drug combinations were derived from a clinical dataset and from pre-clinical data, in the form of a computational model of neuroinflammation. Standard linear regression was used to show that the two sets of estimates were correlated, and to rule out possible confounds.RESULTSThe ten highest ranking, jointly determined drug combinations most frequently consisted of COX2 inhibitors and aspirin, along with various antihypertensive medications.DISCUSSIONTen combinations of from five to nine drugs, and the three-drug combination of a COX2 inhibitor, aspirin, and a calcium-channel blocker, are discussed as candidates for consideration in future clinical and pre-clinical studies.
Differential effects of corticosteroids and anti-TNF on tumor-specific immune responses - implications for the management of irAEs
Authors: Draghi Arianna , Borch Troels Holz , Radic Haja Dominike , Chamberlain Christopher Aled , Gokuldass Aishwarya , Svane Inge Marie , Donia Marco 
Published: October 2018

AbstractUp to 60% of patients treated with cancer immunotherapy develop severe or life threatening immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Immunosuppression with high doses of corticosteroids or, in refractory cases, with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonists, are the mainstay of treatment for irAEs. It is currently unknown what is the impact of corticosteroids and anti-TNF on the activity of antitumor T cells. In this study, the influences of clinically relevant doses of dexamethasone (corresponding to an oral dose of 10 to 125 mg prednisolone) and infliximab (anti-TNF) on the activation and killing ability of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) was tested in vitro. Overall, dexamethasone at low or intermediate/high dose impaired the activation (respectively −46% and −62%) and tumor-killing ability (respectively −48% and −53%) of tumor-specific TILs. In contrast, a standard clinical dose of infliximab only had a minor effect on T cell activation (−20%) and tumor killing (−10%). A brief resting following exposure to dexamethasone was sufficient to rescue the in vitro activity of TILs. In conclusion, clinically-relevant doses of infliximab only influenced to a lesser extent the activity of tumor-specific TILs in vitro, whereas even low doses of corticosteroids markedly impaired the antitumor activity of TILs. These data support steroid-sparing strategies and early initiation of anti-TNF for the treatment of irAEs in immuno-oncology.
Examining Academic Leader’s work in implementing Competency-based Medical Education using Organizational Learning Theory
Authors: Fernandez Nicolas , Leduc Nicole , Caire Fon Nathalie , Ste-Marie Louis-Georges , Nguyen-Dinh Dat , Boucher Andrée 
Published: October 2018

ContextCompetency-based medical education (CBME) implementation is being carried out in many medical schools worldwide. Academic Leadership is a strategy where selected Faculty act to influence peers to adopt change. The Université de Montréal medical school, has adopted this strategy to implement CBME.PurposeThis paper aims to describe the work of Academic Leaders in the process of CBME implementation and to explore relevance of the Nonaka and Toyama organizational learning theory to map implementation progress.MethodBecause knowledge creation model focuses on the relationships between leaders and social structures, embedded case study was selected. Diverse sampling method was used to select three departments: internal medicine, surgery and psychiatry, based on the number of CBME training activities. Data collection was at two intervals, two years apart. Semi-structured interviews (individual and group) were conducted with Department Heads and Academic Leaders. Thematic analysis was conducted on the 15 interview transcriptions.ResultsAs implementation begins, Leaders critically revisit accepted teaching routines and develop a common conception of CBME. This enables leaders to communicate with a wider audience and work within existing committees and working groups where they “break down” CBME into practical concepts. This practical understanding, disseminated through Entrustable Professional Activities, enables observable change.ConclusionLeaders’ roles evolved from an “expert” that disseminates knowledge about CBME through lectures, to a responsive and pragmatic supporting role by developing and writing practical tools in collaboration with peers and program directors.
SmbHLH37 functions antagonistically with SmMYC2 in regulating jasmonate-mediated biosynthesis of phenolic acids in Salvia miltiorrhiza
Authors: Du Tang-Zhi , Niu Jun-Feng , Su Jiao , Li Sha-Sha , Guo Xiao-Rong , Li Lin , Cao Xiao-Yan , Kang Jie-Fang 
Published: October 2018

AbstractJasmonates (JAs) are integral to various defense responses and induce biosynthesis of many secondary metabolites. MYC2, a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor (TF), acts as a transcriptional activator of JA signaling. MYC2 is repressed by the JASMONATE ZIM-domain (JAZ) proteins in the absence of JA, but de-repressed by the protein complex SCFCOI1 on perception of JA. We previously reported that overexpression of SmMYC2 promotes the production of salvianolic acid B (Sal B) in Salvia miltiorrhiza. However, the responsible molecular mechanism is unclear. Here, we showed that SmMYC2 binds to and activates the promoters of its target genes SmTAT1, SmPAL1, and SmCYP98A14 to activate Sal B accumulations. SmbHLH37, a novel bHLH gene significantly up-regulated by constitutive expression of SmMYC2, was isolated from S. miltiorrhiza for detailed functional characterization. SmbHLH37 forms a homodimer and interacts with SmJAZ3/8. Overexpression of SmbHLH37 substantially decreased yields of Sal B. SmbHLH37 binds to the promoters of its target genes SmTAT1 and SmPAL1 and blocks their expression to suppress the pathway for Sal B biosynthesis. These results indicate that SmbHLH37 negatively regulates JA signaling and functions antagonistically with SmMYC2 in regulating Sal B biosynthesis in S. miltiorrhiza.
A novel optimal method of robotic weld assembly line balancing problems with changeover times: a case study
Authors: Zhou Binghai , Wu Qiong 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
The balancing of robotic weld assembly lines has a significant influence on achievable production efficiency. This paper aims to investigate the most suitable way to assign both assembly tasks and type of robots to every workstation, and present an optimal method of robotic weld assembly line balancing (ALB) problems with the additional concern of changeover times. An industrial case of a robotic weld assembly line problem is investigated with an objective of minimizing cycle time of workstations.

Design/methodology/approach
This research proposes an optimal method for balancing robotic weld assembly lines. To solve the problem, a low bound of cycle time of workstations is built, and on account of the non-deterministic polynomial-time (NP)-hard nature of ALB problem (ALBP), a genetic algorithm (GA) with the mechanism of simulated annealing (SA), as well as self-adaption procedure, was proposed to overcome the inferior capability of GA in aspect of local search.

Findings
Theory analysis and simulation experiments on an industrial case of a car body welding assembly line are conducted in this paper. Satisfactory results show that the performance of GA is enhanced owing to the mechanism of SA, and the proposed method can efficiently solve the real-world size case of robotic weld ALBPs with changeover times.

Research limitations/implications
The additional consideration of tool changing has very realistic significance in manufacturing. Furthermore, this research work could be modified and applied to other ALBPs, such as worker ALBPs considering tool-changeover times.

Originality/value
For the first time in the robotic weld ALBPs, the fixtures’ (tools’) changeover times are considered. Furthermore, a mathematical model with an objective function of minimizing cycle time of workstations was developed. To solve the proposed problem, a GA with the mechanism of SA was put forth to overcome the inferior capability of GA in the aspect of local search.
UAV application for precision agriculture
Authors: Perz Rafal , Wronowski Kacper 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to show the potentials of a cost-effective unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) system for agriculture industry. The current population growth rate is so vast that farming industry must be highly efficient and optimized. As a response for high quality food demands, the new branch of the agriculture industry has been formed – the precision agriculture. It supports farming process with sensors, automation and innovative technologies. The UAV advantages over regular aviation are withering. Not only they can fly at lower altitude and are more precise but also offer same high quality and are much cheaper.

Design/methodology/approach
The main objective of this project was to implement an exemplary cost-effective UAV system with electronic camera stabilizer for gaining useful data for agriculture. The system was based on small, unmanned flying wing able to perform fully autonomous missions, a commercially available camera and an own-design camera stabilizer. The research plan was to integrate the platform and run numerous experimental flights over farms, fields and woods collecting aerial pictures. All the missions have been planned to serve for local farming and forest industries and cooperated with local business authorities.

Findings
In preliminary flight tests, the variety of geodetic, forest and agriculture data have been acquired, placed for post processing and applied for the farming processes. The results of the research were high quality orthophoto maps, 3D maps, digital surface models and images mosaics with normalized difference vegetation index. The end users were astonished with the high-quality results and claimed the high importance for their business.

Originality/value
The case study results proved that this kind of a small UAV system is exceptional to manage and optimize processes at innovative farms. So far only professional, high-cost UAV platforms or traditional airships have been applied for agriculture industry. This paper shows that even simple, commercially available equipment could be used for professional applications.
Topology optimization of a novel fuselage structure in the conceptual design phase
Authors: Liu Dianzi , Zhang Chuanwei , Wan Z. , Du Z. 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
In recent years, innovative aircraft designs have been investigated by researchers to address the environmental and economic issues for the purpose of green aviation. To keep air transport competitive and safe, it is necessary to maximize design efficiencies of the aircrafts in terms of weight and cost. The purpose of this paper is to focus on the research which has led to the development of a novel lattice fuselage design of a forward-swept wing aircraft in the conceptual phase by topology optimization technique.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, the fuselage structure is modelled with two different types of elements – 1D beam and 2D shell – for the validation purpose. Then, the finite element analysis coupled with topology optimization is performed to determine the structural layouts indicating the efficient distributed reinforcements. Following that, the optimal fuselage designs are obtained by comparison of the results of 1D and 2D models.

Findings
The topological results reveal the need for horizontal stiffeners to be concentrated near the upper and lower extremities of the fuselage cross section and a lattice pattern of criss-cross stiffeners should be well-placed along the sides of the fuselage and near the regions of window locations. The slight influence of windows on the optimal reinforcement layout is observed. To form clear criss-cross stiffeners, modelling the fuselage with 1D beam elements is suggested, whereas the less computational time is required for the optimization of the fuselage modelled using 2D shell elements.

Originality/value
The authors propose a novel lattice fuselage design in use of topology optimization technique as a powerful design tool. Two types of structural elements are examined to obtain the clear reinforcement detailing, which is also in agreement with the design of the DLR (German Aerospace Center) demonstrator. The optimal lattice layout of the stiffeners is distinctive to the conventional semi-monocoque fuselage design and this definitely provides valuable insights into the more efficient utilization of composite materials for novel aircraft designs.
The quicker, the better? The antecedents and consequences of response timing strategy in the aftermath of a corporate crisis
Authors: Yao Nengzhi (Chris) , Wei Jiuchang , Zhu Weiwei , Bondar Alexander 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThe conclusions on the importance of corporate response timing to a crisis have remained inconsistent. Some studies suggest that active response may reduce negative impacts, whereas managers argue that issuing official response frustrates stakeholders and thus decreases the firm value. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of external media in the response timing strategy and the consequent stock market reaction.Design/methodology/approachBased on 130 corporate crises that befell publicly listed firms in China from 2007 to 2014, this paper uses the Baidu News Search Engine and Chinese Lexical Analysis System to construct the variables of the media characteristics. A structural equation model is established to test the hypotheses.FindingsThe results of this paper suggest that media coverage drives response timing after a crisis. Although an official response is a burden for firms, the timing strategy has multidimensional benefits including effectively alleviating negative effects (defined as buffering effects) and repairing the market (defined as restoring effects). Moreover, the buffering effects of response timing are stronger when completeness of response is low.Originality/valueThis study mainly contributes to crisis communication literature by introducing the role of media in prompting managers to make timing decisions. The findings of this study provide empirical support for the importance of timing response strategy.
Ownership structure, board of directors and firm performance: evidence from Taiwan
Authors: Kao Mao-Feng , Hodgkinson Lynn , Jaafar Aziz 
Published: October 2018

PurposeUsing a data set of listed firms domiciled in Taiwan, this paper aims to empirically assess the effects of ownership structure and board of directors on firm value.Design/methodology/approachUsing a sample of Taiwanese listed firms from 1997 to 2015, this study uses a panel estimation to exploit both the cross-section and time–series nature of the data. Furthermore, two stage least squares (2SLS) regression model is used as robustness test to mitigate the endogeneity issue.FindingsThe main results show that the higher the proportion of independent directors, the smaller the board size, together with a two-tier board system and no chief executive officer duality, the stronger the firm’s performance. With respect to ownership structure, block-holders’ ownership, institutional ownership, foreign ownership and family ownership are all positively related to firm value.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough the Taiwanese corporate governance reform concerning the independent director system which is mandatory only for newly-listed companies is successful, the regulatory authority should require all listed companies to appoint independent directors to further enhance the Taiwanese corporate governance.Originality/valueFirst, unlike most of the previous literature on Western developed countries, this study examines the effects of corporate governance mechanisms on firm performance in a newly industrialised country, Taiwan. Second, while a number of studies used a single indicator of firm performance, this study examines both accounting-based and market-based firm performance. Third, this study addresses the endogeneity issue between corporate governance factors and firm performance by using 2SLS estimation, and details the econometric tests for justifying the appropriateness of using 2SLS estimation.
Family influences in the internationalization of the top 1,000 Taiwanese enterprises
Authors: Wei Yu-Chen , Tsao Chiung-Wen 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the moderating effects of employee commitment, customer loyalty and corporate reputation on the relationship between family influence and international expansion.Design/methodology/approachA cross-national research design was conducted using both survey and secondary data of 119 firms taken from the top 1,000 Taiwanese enterprises.FindingsThis study found moderating effects in the positive impact of family influence on international expansion. Specifically, the study found the relationship between family influence and international expansion stronger for companies with greater relational support from employees, customers and the public.Research limitations/implicationsMulti-level data collection and a longitudinal research design in future research could help in further understanding the relationships between the variables in this study.Practical implicationsThis paper suggests that family business should establish enduring relationship with their employees and customers and have a plan to improve family reputation that will benefit international market expansion.Originality/valueThis study draws on the relational perspective to investigate how family influence results in different international expansion.
Permanent magnet linear induction heating device: new topology enhancing performances
Authors: Abdi Ammar , Ouazir Youcef , Barakat Georges , Amara Yacine 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
This work aims to study a new design of linear permanent magnet transverse flux induction heating devices of nonmagnetic parallelepipedic workpiece. In these topologies, the permanent magnet inductor produces a static magnetic field, and the workpiece to be heated is subjected to a linear movement. To study the magnetothermal process, a new analytical coupling method between the magnetic and thermal phenomena is developed. This analytical model described in this study takes into account the variation of the physical properties of the heated workpiece. The analytical results are compared with good agreement to those issued from finite elements simulations, as well as those issued from measurements on an actual prototype.

Design/methodology/approach
The research methodology is based on analytical development of coupled problem, including the electromagnetic and thermal boundary problems. A strongly coupled magneto-thermal analytical model is developed; the time dependent magnetic problem is first solved by using the separation of variables method to evaluate the induced currents in the nonmagnetic plate and the resulting power density loss distribution. The plate temperature profile is then obtained, thanks to strong involvement of this magnetic model in a new analytical thermal model based on a synergy of separation of variables method and Green’s function transient regime analysis method.

Findings
The results show that an efficient transient magneto-thermal analytical model was developed allowing fast analysis of permanent magnet induction heater for deep heating of parallelepipedic workpieces. Developed model allows also fast and precise simulations of nonlinear and transient magneto-thermal phenomena for different types of permanent magnet induction heating devices.

Practical implications
The developed magneto-thermal analytical model can be used for fast designing of permanent magnet linear induction heating devices for moving parallelepipedic nonmagnetic workpiece.

Originality/value
A new analytical coupled model, including the electromagnetic and transient thermal boundary problem with additional algebraic equations and taking into account the nonlinearity, has been developed. The developed model accuracy was validated with a permanent magnet linear induction heating device. Developed coupled analytical model allows fast analysis and designing of such permanent magnet linear induction heating devices.