bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gradient variability in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: New insights from computer‐assisted, high fidelity, rest and exercise hemodynamic analysis
Authors: Bauch Terry D. , Smith Alexandra J. , Murgo Joseph P. , Watts James A. , Rubal Bernard J. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectivesThis study examines the intrapatient variability in peak instantaneous left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) gradients and aortic pulse pressures during rest, exercise, and after ventricular ectopy.BackgroundAlthough the variability in LVOT gradients in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is well known, the predictors of such variation are not. We hypothesized that quantitative invasive analysis of gradient variation could identify useful predictors of maximal gradients.MethodsVariability in continuously recorded, high‐fidelity left ventricular and aortic pressure waveforms were evaluated by computer‐assisted analysis in the resting state (N = 659 beats) and during supine exercise (N = 379 beats) in a symptomatic patient with a resting LVOT gradient >30 mmHg and frequent ventricular ectopy.ResultsAt rest, the peak left ventricular and aortic pressures at the time of the peak instantaneous LVOT gradient for all sinus and postectopic beats followed consistent regression slopes characterizing the potential energy loss between the LV cavity and aorta. During exercise, similar regression slopes were identified, and these converged with the resting slopes at the point of the maximal measured LVOT gradient. Component analysis of the LVOT gradient suggests that resting beat‐to‐beat variability provides information similar to post‐ectopic pressures for predicting maximal gradients in obstructive‐variant HCM.ConclusionsOur study suggests that computer‐assisted analysis of hemodynamic variability in HCM may prove useful in characterizing the severity of obstruction. Further study is warranted to confirm the reproducibility and utility of this finding in a population with clinically significant exercise‐induced gradients.
Recurrent hydrothorax in a child on peritoneal dialysis: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Alhasan Khalid A. 
Published: November 2018

Key Clinical MessageHydrothorax is a serious complication of peritoneal dialysis, and it may be resolved by deferring dialysis or decreasing dialysate volumes. Repeat thoracentesis is not well tolerated in children. Therefore, if conservative measures fail, thoracotomy or thoracoscopy with endoscopic repair of associated diaphragmatic eventration should be considered before reinstating peritoneal dialysis.
Mesoporous CoS/N‐doped Carbon as HER and ORR Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Water Electrolyzers and Zinc‐Air Batteries
Authors: Ding Jieting , Ji Shan , Wang Hui , Pollet Bruno G. , Wang Rongfang 
Published: November 2018

AbstractHydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) are two critical electrocatalytic reactions, involved in many sustainable and green electrochemical energy conversion and storage technologies. Transition metal‐based compound combined with carbon materials have been found to be effective catalysts toward the HER and ORR with great potential to replace conventional precious metal‐based catalysts. Herein, a low‐cost method is described for the fabrication and testing of sulfide (CoS)/carbon compound with high specific surface area and mesoporous structure by using peptone as raw material and NaCl as template. The obtained materials showed open structures composed of interconnected thin carbon nanosheets with transition metal‐based nanoparticles wrapped inside the carbon matrix. These as‐prepared materials were used as HER and ORR bifunctional catalysts for water electrolysis and Zn‐air battery. In the alkaline media, the optimized catalysts exhibited highly efficient electrocatalysis toward the HER. They also showed an outstanding ORR activity and durability which was found to be superior to commercial Pt/C catalysts. In an assembled primary Zn‐air cell containing the optimized sample, the open circuit voltage (OCV) was 1.44 V, higher than the value for Zn‐air cell containing Pt/C. The assembled Zn‐air cell delivered a power density of 119 mW cm−2 at 150 mA cm−2, higher than the Pt/C cell (97 mW cm−2 at 150 mA cm−2).
Ti (IV) Complexes with Bidentate O‐Chelating N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes for Use in the Homopolymerization of Ethylene and Its Copolymerization with Cyclic Olefins
Authors: van der Ende Melita , Hauser Philipp M. , Lienert Christina , Wang Dongren , Frey Wolfgang , Buchmeiser Michael R. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe synthesis of titanium (IV) complexes bearing bidentate O‐chelating N‐heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) is reported. Double deprotonation of the respective NHC precursor ligand and further reaction with one equivalent of TiCl4⋅THF2 leads to the formation of complexes Ti‐1–Ti‐3 of the general formula TiCl3(NHC‐R‐O)(THF), (NHC‐R‐O=1‐(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)‐3‐(2‐O‐phenyl)‐4,5‐dihydroimidazol‐2‐ylidene, 1‐(mesityl)‐3‐(2‐O‐phenyl)‐4,5‐dihydroimidazol‐2‐ylidene, 1‐(2,6‐dimethylphenyl)‐3‐(2‐O‐phenyl)‐4,5‐dihydroimidazol‐2‐ylidene). Furthermore, these Ti‐(NHC‐R‐O) trichloride complexes can be reacted with the bulky aryloxo ligands 2,6‐ditBu‐4‐methylphenolate and 2,2’,4,4’,6,6’‐hexa‐iPr‐terphenoxide, respectively, to form the mixed titanium (aryloxo)(NHC‐R‐O) dichloride pre‐catalysts Ti‐4–Ti‐6. Single‐crystal X‐ray structures of complexes Ti‐1, Ti‐5 and Ti‐6 are presented. Depending on the aryloxo ligand used, the complexes possess either a trigonal bipyramidal or square pyramidal ligand sphere. The propensity of Ti‐1, Ti‐4–Ti‐6 to homopolymerize ethylene and to copolymerize ethylene with norborn‐2‐ene (NBE) and cyclopentene (CPE), respectively, was investigated and access to high‐molecular weight (co‐)polymers with such complexes is disclosed.
H2 Activation in [FeFe]‐Hydrogenase Cofactor Versus Diiron Dithiolate Models: Factors Underlying the Catalytic Success of Nature and Implications for an Improved Biomimicry
Authors: Arrigoni Federica , Bertini Luca , Bruschi Maurizio , Greco Claudio , De Gioia Luca , Zampella Giuseppe 
Published: November 2018

AbstractCatalytic H2 oxidation has been dissected by means of DFT into the key steps common to the Fe2 unit of both the [FeFe]‐hydrogenase cofactor and selected biomimics. The aim was to elucidate the molecular details underlying the very different performances of the two systems. We found that the better enzyme performance is based on a single iron atom that is maintained electron‐poor, favoring H2 binding, although embedded within a highly electron‐rich cofactor, ensuring a facile oxidation of the Fe2–H2 adduct. This is due to 1) CN− coordinating to both iron atoms, due to their amphipathic Lewis acid/base properties, and 2) the 4Fe4S subunit further withdrawing electrons from the Fe2 core. Preserving a moderate electron deficiency at a single iron also helps the cofactor preserve hydride affinity, which favors H2 cleavage. Such valuable characteristics allow the biocatalyst to turnover close to equilibrium conditions. All previous biomimicry has shown, in contrast, the impossibility to properly balance the two apparently contrasting aforementioned requisites, although evident progress has been made by the H2‐ase community. Disclosure of the differences identified could inspire the design of novel biomimics, for instance, reconsidering the use of CN− in the catalyst architecture. Indeed, in the presence of bases normally employed in oxidative catalysis, undesired stable protonation at coordinated CN−, which affects the opposite process (proton reduction), could be overcome.
Tetra‐Aza‐Pentacenes by means of a One‐Pot Friedländer Synthesis
Authors: Ukwitegetse Narcisse , Saris Patrick J. G. , Sommer Jonathan R. , Haiges Ralf M. , Djurovich Peter I. , Thompson Mark E. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractTetra‐aza‐pentacenes are attractive n‐type small molecules for optoelectronic device applications, yet their syntheses are often laborious. Disclosed here is a one‐pot Friedländer synthesis of 1,7,8,14‐tetraazapentacece (tAP) derivatives (linear and/or bent), fully aromatized in situ despite the absence of an exogenous oxidant. The photophysics of linear tAPs resembles that of regular pentacene though their crystal structures differ. A LUMO energy of −3.71 eV for di‐tert‐butylanisole‐substituted linear tAP is similar to that of the well‐known acceptor, C60.
Cognitive performance in survivors of breast cancer and markers of biological aging
Authors: Carroll Judith E. , Van Dyk Kathleen , Bower Julienne E. , Scuric Zorica , Petersen Laura , Schiestl Robert , Irwin Michael R. , Ganz Patricia A. 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundBiological aging pathways accelerated by cancer treatments may be a mechanism for cognitive impairment in cancer survivors. The goal of the current study was to examine whether indicators of biological aging, namely elevated levels of DNA damage, reduced telomerase enzymatic activity, and shorter peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) telomere length (TL) would be related to cognitive function in a cohort of survivors of breast cancer.MethodsThe authors evaluated a cross‐sectional sample of 94 women aged 36 to 69 years who were treated for early‐stage breast cancer 3 to 6 years previously. Leukocyte DNA damage, PBMC telomerase enzymatic activity, PBMC TL, and the inflammatory marker soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor II (sTNF‐RII) were determined from blood samples. Cognitive function was assessed using a neuropsychological test battery and self‐report. Linear regression models examined the relationship between biological aging predictors and cognitive outcomes.ResultsBoth higher DNA damage and lower telomerase were found to be statistically significantly related to lower executive function scores adjusting for age, body mass index, race, years from treatment, and intelligence score (standardized coefficients [B], ‐0.23 and 0.30; all P values <.05). In addition, lower telomerase activity was associated with worse attention and motor speed scores (B values, 0.30 and 0.24; P &lt;.05). sTNF‐RII and TL were found to be unrelated to any of the neurocognitive domains.ConclusionsThe results of the current study suggest a significant association between measures of biological aging and objective measures of cognitive performance in survivors of breast cancer. Future prospective studies are needed to confirm a causal role of biological aging as a driver of declines in cognitive function after cancer treatment.
Constructing designated server public key encryption with keyword search schemes withstanding keyword guessing attacks
Authors: Lu Yang , Li Jiguo 
Published: November 2018

SummaryDesignated server public key encryption with keyword search (dPEKS) removes the secure channel requirement in public key encryption with keyword search (PEKS). With the dPEKS mechanism, a user is able to delegate the search tasks on the ciphertexts sent to him/her to a designated storage server without leaking the corresponding plaintexts. However, the current dPEKS framework inherently suffers from the security vulnerability caused by the keyword guessing (KG) attack. How to build the dPEKS schemes withstanding the KG attacks is still an unsolved problem up to now. In this work, we introduce an enhanced dPEKS (edPEKS) framework to remedy the security vulnerability in the current dPEKS framework. The edPEKS framework provides resistance to the KG attack by either the outside attacker or the malicious designated server. We provide a semi‐generic edPEKS construction that exploits the existing dPEKS schemes. Our security proofs demonstrate that the derived edPEKS scheme achieves the keyword ciphertext indistinguishability, the keyword ciphertext unforgeability, and the keyword trapdoor indistinguishability if the underlying dPEKS scheme satisfies the keyword ciphertext indistinguishability and the hash Diffie‐Hellman problem is intractable. In addition, a concrete edPEKS scheme is presented to show the instantiation of the proposed semi‐generic construction.
Synthesis, anticonvulsant screening, and molecular modeling studies of new arylalkylimidazole oxime ether derivatives
Authors: Özdemir Zeynep , Sari Suat , Karakurt Arzu , Dalkara Sevim 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn this study, 15 new oxime ether derivatives were synthesized and their anticonvulsant activities were screened in vivo. The compounds were synthesized by the reaction of various alkyl halides with 1‐(2‐naphthyl)‐2‐(1H‐imidazol‐1‐yl)ethanone oxime. Their anticonvulsant activities were determined using acute (maximal electroshock, subcutaneous metrazol [SCM], and 6 Hz seizure test) and chronic (corneal‐kindled mouse) seizure models, their neurotoxic effects were evaluated by models of behavioral toxicity according to the Epilepsy Therapy Screening Program protocol of the NIH. All our compounds were protective in at least one of the tests. Quantification studies were applied to some of the active compounds and the intraperitoneal ED50 values in mice were found between 25.48 and 99.56 mg/kg. Some pharmacokinetic properties of the compounds were predicted in silico and molecular docking studies were performed to provide insights into their possible anticonvulsant mechanism regarding their SCM activity.
Exercise training in patients with ventricular assist devices: a review of the evidence and practical advice. A position paper from the Committee on Exercise Physiology and Training and the Committee of Advanced Heart Failure of the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology
Authors: Adamopoulos Stamatis , Corrà Ugo , Laoutaris Ioannis D. , Pistono Massimo , Agostoni Pier Giuseppe , Coats Andrew J.S. , Crespo Leiro Maria G. , Cornelis Justien , Davos Constantinos H. , Filippatos Gerasimos , Lund Lars H. , Jaarsma Tiny , Ruschitzka Frank , Seferovic Petar M. , Schmid Jean‐Paul , Volterrani Maurizio , Piepoli Massimo F. 
Published: November 2018

Exercise training (ET) and secondary prevention measures in cardiovascular disease aim to stimulate early physical activity and to facilitate recovery and improve health behaviours. ET has also been proposed for heart failure patients with a ventricular assist device (VAD), to help recovery in the patient's functional capacity. However, the existing evidence in support of ET in these patients remains limited.After a review of current knowledge on the causes of the persistence of limitation in exercise capacity in VAD recipients, and concerning the benefit of ET in VAD patients, the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology has developed the present document to provide practical advice on implementing ET. This includes appropriate screening to avoid complications and then starting with early mobilisation, ET prescription is individualised to meet the patient's needs. Finally, gaps in our knowledge are discussed.
Point‐of‐Care Smartphone‐based Electrochemical Biosensing
Authors: Sun Alexander C. , Hall Drew A. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPoint‐of‐care (PoC) biosensors offer promising solutions to today's adverse and costly healthcare issues by moving diagnostic tools closer to the patient. The ubiquity of smartphones has brought about an emergence of PoC devices, which leverage the smartphone's capabilities, enabling the creation of low‐cost and portable biosensors. Electrochemical biosensors are well suited for PoC testing since the transducers can be miniaturized and inexpensively fabricated. This review paper discusses recent developments in smartphone‐based electrochemical biosensors for PoC diagnostics. These peripherals utilize the various connectivity options (for example proprietary ports, audio headphone‐jack, or wireless radio) to offload functionality to the smartphone. The smartphone‐based implementations of various electrochemical techniques, such as amperometry, potentiometry, and impedance spectroscopy are explored. Major challenges include reducing power, area, and cost of measurement circuitry, while maintaining adequate performance for PoC diagnostic applications.
A moving discontinuous Galerkin finite element method for flows with interfaces
Authors: Corrigan Andrew , Kercher Andrew D. , Kessler David A. 
Published: November 2018

SummaryA moving discontinuous Galerkin finite element method with interface condition enforcement is formulated for flows with discontinuous interfaces. The underlying weak formulation enforces the interface condition separately from the conservation law, so that the residual only vanishes upon satisfaction of both. In this formulation, the discrete grid geometry is treated as a variable, so that, in contrast to the standard discontinuous Galerkin method, this method has both the means to detect interfaces, via interface condition enforcement, and to satisfy, via grid movement, the conservation law and its associated interface condition. The method therefore directly fits interfaces, including shocks, preserving a high‐order representation up to the interface without requiring shock capturing or an upwind numerical flux to achieve stability. It can be generalized to flows with a priori unknown interfaces with nontrivial topology and curved interface geometry as well as to an arbitrary number of spatial dimensions. Unsteady flows are represented in a manner similar to steady flows using a space‐time formulation. In addition to computing flows with interfaces, the method can represent point singularities in a flow field by degenerating cuboid elements. In general, the method works in conjunction with standard local grid operations, including edge collapse, to ensure that degenerate cells are removed. Test cases are presented for up to three‐dimensional flows that provide an initial assessment of the stability and accuracy of the method.
Air Flow Real‐time Optimization Strategy for Fuel Cell Hybrid Power Sources with Fuel Flow Based on Load‐following
Authors: Bizon N. , Iana G. , Kurt E. , Thounthong P. , Oproescu M. , Culcer M. , Iliescu M. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe Fuel_LF‐RTO strategy is real‐time optimization (RTO) strategy proposed here to find the optimal values of fueling for the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell hybrid power sources under unknown load profile, which is the case of fuel cell vehicle. The proposed optimization strategy is based on global extremum seeking (GES) algorithm and load‐following (LF) control for air and fuel flows. The results show the performance obtained with Fuel_LF‐RTO strategy in comparison with the Static Feed‐Forward strategy. The performance was estimated for constant and variable load. The FC system efficiency and the fuel consumption efficiency for maximum load of 8 kW can increase with up to 1.88% and 11.26 W lpm−1 in comparison with the sFF RTO strategy. Also, the fuel economy is 27.36 L during the 8 kW/12 s constant load cycle, which means an economy of 136.8 lpm. This performance is highlighted for constant load in range 2 to 8 kW, which represents 0.33% and 1.25% from nominal power of the 6 kW FC stack used in this study. Also, the performance was estimate for variable load considering the fuel economy, which can be up to 21.86 l during the 6.25 kW/12 s pulsed load cycle.
Cost‐effectiveness analysis of English memory assessment services 2 years after first consultation for patients with dementia
Authors: Gomes Manuel , Pennington Mark , Black Nick , Smith Sarah 
Published: November 2018

ObjectivesThis paper aims to compare changes over 2 years in patients' health‐related quality of life (HRQL) with the health and social care costs of diagnosis and treatment of people newly referred to memory assessment services (MAS).MethodsWe analysed observational data from 1318 patients referred to 69 MAS who completed resource use and HRQL questionnaires at baseline 3, 6, 12, and 24 months. We reported mean differences in HRQL (disease‐specific DEMQOL and generic EQ‐5D‐3 L), quality‐adjusted life years (QALYs), costs and cost‐effectiveness between baseline, and 2‐year follow‐up.ResultsTwo years after referral to MAS, patients reported a higher DEMQOL score (mean gain 4.47, 95% confidence interval, 3.08‐5.90) and EQ‐5D‐3 L (0.014, −0.011 to 0.039). Mean total costs and QALYs over 24 months was £2411 (£1721‐£2873) and 0.027 (0.003‐0.051), respectively. Assuming that patients' HRQL would not have altered over the 2 years had they not attended MAS, these outcomes suggest an incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio of £89 546 (£38 123‐£145 864) based on changes in EQ‐5D‐3 L. If we assumed that patients' HRQL would have declined by about 10% over this period had they not attended MAS, the cost‐effectiveness ratio would be £25 056. The largest MAS (N = 32; 46%) with over 50 new patients a month were more likely to be cost‐effective than smaller ones (P < 0.01).ConclusionsMAS are effective and can be cost‐effective for diagnosing and treating people with suspected dementia. Large variations in costs between clinics suggest that many MAS could improve their cost‐effectiveness.
Associations between testosterone and metabolic syndrome in depressed and non‐depressed older men and women
Authors: de Wit Anouk E. , Giltay Erik J. , de Boer Marrit K. , Bosker Fokko J. , van der Mast Roos C. , Comijs Hannie C. , Oude Voshaar Richard C. , Schoevers Robert A. 
Published: November 2018

ObjectivesOlder age and major depressive disorder (MDD) are both risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases. Testosterone has been associated with MDD and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in men, although associations in women are less clear. Therefore, we investigated whether testosterone is associated with MetS and whether this association is different for depressed and non‐depressed older men and women.MethodsIn this prospective cohort study, 478 participants (349 patients with MDD and 129 controls) aged between 60 and 93 years from the Netherlands Study of Depression in Older Persons were included. Total testosterone (TT) and sex‐hormone binding globulin levels were measured using a second‐generation radioimmune assay. Free testosterone (FT) was calculated based on TT. MetS was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria.ResultsA higher risk for MetS was found in men with low FT and TT (odds ratio [OR]: 0.67, 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 0.47‐0.95 and OR: 0.51, 95%CI: 0.34‐0.75), and in women with high FT (OR: 1.41, 95%CI: 1.08‐1.82). Strong associations in the same direction were found with adiposity, glucose, and plasma lipid MetS components at baseline, but not with changes in these components at 2‐year follow‐up. The associations did not significantly differ between MDD patients and controls.ConclusionsIndependently of having MDD, low testosterone levels in men and, in contrast, high testosterone levels in women were significantly associated with MetS and its components.