bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Leadership Style and Welfare on The Performance of Manado Religious and Education Training Center
Authors: Rusli  , Wibowo  , Tola Burhanuddin 
Published: October 2019

The aim of this study is to observe and analyze the influence of Leadership Styles and Welfare on the Performance of Employees in Manado Religious Education and Training Center. This study used Partial Last Square (PLS) method. The population of this study was 60 employees (N = 60), and all of these employees were sampled (n = 60) with an error rate of 5% (0.05). Data was collected based on questionnaire with Likert scale. The results of this study showed that there are direct contributions between Leadership style and welfare variables on employee performance. Overall, Leadership style and Welfare have a positive and very strong influence on Employee Performance.These results showed the importance of improving the quality of Leadership Styles and Welfare to improve the Performance of Employees in Manado Religious Education and Training Center.
Do Islamic Microfinance Practise Descrease the Level of Three Aspects of Poverty
Authors: Wulandari Ries , Dzakiroh Husna 
Published: October 2019

<p><em>Islamic microfinance institutions such as Baitu Tamkin is one of Koperasi Syariah at Lombok Timur practising islamic value. In practising islamic value, Baitu Tamkin insert this value in line with three aspect including commercial finance, social aspect, and spiritual awareness. But the evaluation of this islamic microfinance practise has not been conducted yet. Therefor we conducted a research to evaluate the curent impact of this program wheter</em><em> there was improvement and how the conditions of poverty in the member self before and after taking part in empowerment programs on Baitut Tamkin</em><em>. Poverty condition that we observed not only financial aspect but also social and spiritual aspect. This research used parametric including </em><em>Multiple Linear regression, a simple Linear Regression, t-test </em><em>and non parametric test using Wilcoxon test. We conclude that the level of poverty at local region decreased at three aspects but with various condition. First, t</em><em>he </em><em>islamic commercial financing significantly increasing their member’s montly liquidity but </em><em>do not significantly increase the</em><em>ir member’s</em><em> </em><em>housing condition</em><em>. Second, the social condition of </em><em>member showed that after being a member they create more friendly environment and helping each other. But there is no impact at “become islamic role model’ or and </em><em>uswah al-hasanah. Third, </em><em>spiritual awareness of member increased after they could practising some muamalah based on verses and hadith at muamalah. Number of member that moving from poor condition to empowered condition showed positive trend. </em><em></em></p>
Understanding Fluid Flow Behavior in Fractured Reservoir using Dual Porosity Dual Permeability and Discretized Fracture Model
Authors: Kumar Sarwesh , Rey Alvaro , Dufour Gaelle , Ogunyomi Babafemi 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Fractured reservoirs, be it naturally fractured ones or hydraulically fractured, are an important asset class of hydrocarbons. In naturally fractured reservoirs (NFRs) and unconventional reservoirs (UCRs) with hydraulic fractures, the rock matrix and fractures exhibit a large contrast in their conductivity to fluid transport limiting the ability to enhance recovery by traditional viscous forces mechanisms. During IOR processes such as gas or water injection, NFRs may also contain different fluid phases with different densities making the gravity and capillary forces relatively significant to impact the incremental production. The oil recovery mechanisms from Naturally Fractured Reservoirs (NFRs) and Unconventional Reservoirs (UCRs) - oil expansion, imbibition and gravity drainage, can be modeled using the Dual Porosity Dual Permeability (DPDK) or Embedded Discrete Fracture Model (EDFM) options in reservoir simulation. The main differences in the dual porosity and discrete fracture models are in the early time flow behavior as the saturation changes is modeled with different levels of efficiency and accuracy. NFRs represented as Dual media models (either dual or single permeability) use pseudo functions to represent gravity drainage. These models are limited by the assumptions used while deriving these coupling models between the different media. The higher-level resolution of Discrete Fracture-Matrix (DFM) has been previously reported to better represent the physics of these processes (water or gas injection). EDFM models simulate gravity drainage explicitly. Capillary forces driving imbibition in matrix is modeled using capillary pressure curve in both EDFM and DPDK models. In this paper we benchmark the behavior of both the DPDK and EDFM approaches and their results are compared to provide recommendations for fractured reservoir simulation modeling. For the unconventional reservoirs (UCRs), due to very large permeability and porosity variation between reservoir rock and hydraulic fractures, dual porosity representation is not suitable to capture phase transitions and near well-bore effects. The paper highlights the limitations of DPDK modeling methods and comparison is presented with DFM methods for such reservoirs.
Experimental Investigation of Multi-Phase Flow in an Annulus Using Electric Resistance Tomography
Authors: Qureshi M Fahed , Ali Moustafa , Rahman Mohammad Azizur , Hassan Ibrahim , Rasul Golam , Hassan Rashid 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The hole cleaning is considered a key element of drilling operation as it impacts the economics of drilling operations, operational time of operations and the safety of operations. Inadequate hole cleaning can lead to blockages resulting in loss of circulation and premature wear out of the drill pipe. The transport of solids cuttings as a multiphase flow offers a solution to the hole cleaning issue, as it can aid to lower operational cost, reduce operation time, and enhance the quality of overall drilling operations.
Electrical resistance tomography (ERT) is a promising technology to visualize the 3D flow conditions involved in the hole cleaning process. ERT system is utilized to study and analyze the multiphase flow behavior and to provide in situ volume fraction distribution quantitatively through the drilling annulus. The motive of this work is to investigate the effect of different eccentricities (0-50 %), inner pipe rotation speed (0-120 RPM) and liquid flow rates (160-190 Kg/min) on the secondary phase (solids + air) transport across the annulus using the ERT system. The three-phase flow conditions (water, air, and solids) experiments were conducted in the horizontal flow loop with annulus at Texas A&M University at Qatar (TAMUQ) using ERT system. The flow loop annulus line consists of 6.16 m horizontal/inclined line. The inner diameter of the outer acrylic pipe and the outer diameter of the inner stainless steel pipe were 114.3 mm (4.5 in) and 63.5 mm (2.5 in), respectively. The glass beads (2-3 mm) were injected at a concentration of 5 wt%. The experimental results indicate that the ERT sensors have the capability of providing real-time quantitative images of annular multiphase flow regimes and it can be utilized effectively to observe the secondary phase (solids + air) transport across the opaque region of the annulus. It was also observed that the concentration of secondary phase (solids + air) tends to increase with an increase in the eccentricity of the inner pipe and the inner pipe rotation does not have a significant effect on the concentration of secondary phase (solids + air) at selected experimental conditions.
Enhancing, Safeguarding & Optimizing Non-Operated Joint Venture Asset Operations through Operational Excellence and Performance Assessments
Authors: Al-Shoriaian Al-Mutairi Abdullah , Younes Hanafi 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Joint ventures have become the norm in today's oil and gas industry. Whether its dictated by host countries or partnerships to reduce liability and benefit from cost reductions, it presents the non-operators of the joint venture a unique situation especially in the post Macondo era. This paper aims to deliver an approach for NOJV companies to safeguard their assets as well as maximize their value by actively collaborating with the Operator to enhance and optimize asset management through operational excellence and performance assessments.
Based on KUFPEC's vision and strategy we designed an NOJV process to conduct specific and/or comprehensive focused operational excellence & performance assessments on select assets in order to optimize and enhance asset operations, ensure stable production, with the end goal of maximizing the value of the asset in our NOJV portfolio. The selection of the asset is based on a variety of factors not limited to working interest, risk, size, production output, OPEX, and geographical location. The focus areas targeted were Facilities Integrity Management, Drilling Activities & Well Interventions, Health, Safety, Security and Environment (HSSE), Process Safety Management, and Reservoir Management. These assessments required reviewing the Operator's management system, asset specific technical, production, and incident data, along with any other pertinent documentation. Following the review, a site visit is conducted to witness firsthand all operations related to the asset, both onshore and offshore including drilling and logistical operations and visits to fabrication yards. At the conclusion of the assessment and visit, a closeout session would be held with the Operator's Management Team to go over the findings.
Kuwait Foreign Petroleum Exploration Company (KUFPEC) has conducted major assessments across its assets offshore Indonesia and Malaysia and onshore Pakistan. The assessments varied in scope as well as findings. A summary of the findings is shared later to provide value adding observations pertaining to each focus area. In addition, we have provided case studies to illustrate how our efforts and influencing strategy paved the way for the Operator to willfully accept and address our areas of concern specifically integrity management, which in turn supported our mutual objectives of ensuring safe and reliable production operations, while maximizing the value of the asset.
This paper will provide an innovative value adding approach, successes and lessons learned to enhance and optimize NOJV assets through effective engagement of the Operator utilizing an influence strategy to achieve a win-win result. By doing so, KUFPEC became a value adding NOJV partner, enhancing its overall asset management performance, controlling costs and becoming actively involved as part of its strategy of being a partner of choice recognized for its contributions to the NOJV.
The Global LNG Price Trend and the Role of LNG in Balancing the Gas Demand in MENA Region
Authors: Shahati Mohamed El , Khadadeh Haidar , Al-Aradah Fajer 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This paper analyses the role of LNG in balancing the natural gas demand in the MENA region. Natural gas is increasingly becoming a main energy source in the region due to several factors. The global LNG pricing mechanism is changing towards flexible market related methods that might encourage some countries in MENA to switch to LNG supplies. The growing requirements for natural gas as a fuel for electricity generation is estimated to be the driving force behind the growth in consumption of the hydrocarbon. Contrary to wide held belief several countries in the region could fall into deficit regarding their self-supply of gas which would require them to import it. The options of supply are either through pipeline networks or LNG. The study estimates the future demand of natural gas by country using multivariate regression and then compares it to the availability of gas as estimated by GEFC. Deficit is derived for each country and the study indicate how the deficit could be filled through pipeline or LNG.
Coiled-Tubing Gas Lift System Doubled Oil Production from Al-Wafa Field
Authors: Sherik Ayoub , Ben Abdalla Mohamed , Abdoalqader Abdoallah , Abusninah Gumah , Abdaldaem Abdaldaem Ateya , Ben Ayad Ahmed Nagim 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Recompleting the wells with an artificial lift system requires a large capital investment in addition to rig intervention, a capital which was not made available due to worsening security condition in Libya in the period between 2014 − 2017, therefore, rig-less gas lift system via Coiled Tubing was chosen as the most efficient, reliable and cost-effective technique to revive oil production from 12 dead wells. The results of this pilot project were very satisfactory.
The technique involves running coiled tubing inside the production tubing of a dead oil well, the coiled tubing is then hung over an additional special tubing hanger, made specifically for this project, fixed on the Xmas Tree. The gas is injected down continuously through a single point at the end of coiled tubing which is mixed with the oil in the production tubing annulus and helps lifting the liquid to the surface. Since compression system was not made available, due to cost cutting procedures implemented by MOG, the injection rate and injection pressure were supplied through a 2″ pipe connected to a gas well which had high wellhead pressure.
Since the wells had been dead for a couple of years, there was a high uncertainty in the design due to the lack of fresh data, therefore, N2 lifting with downhole slickline gauges and surface testing were utilized to obtain reliable and fresh data for the final design. Since, the Coiled Tubing Gas Lift System CTGL technique was implemented in Libya for the first time, two wells among 12 dead wells only were selected for the Pilot project. The results of the two wells were satisfactory. Oil production from the first two wells increased significantly from 0 BOPD to 4500 BOPD, which increased the overall total field oil production by 100% from 4500 BOPD to 11,000 BOPD. Since the reservoir communication is extremely high, nearby wells’ production was positively impacted as well, and overall field production increased from 4500 BOPD to nearly 11000 BOPD in two months.
The novelty of the technique comes from the utilization of the wellhead pressure of nearby gas wells as a source of injection pressure and injection rate which made reviving dead wells possible without investing in compression systems, seen as uneconomic for a pilot project.
A Novel Approach to Propagate MHz EM Signals and Map Reservoir Saturation Hundreds of Meters away from the Wellbore
Authors: Felix Servin Jesus Manuel , Deffenbaugh Max , Adams Robert , Riachentsev Valeri 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This study describes a novel approach to propagate high-frequency (MHz) electromagnetic (EM) signals through the subsurface. Our technique relies on the presence of highly-resistive evaporite seals bounded by hydrocarbon reservoirs acting as planar transmission lines to achieve greatly increased EM propagation. As the signal propagates through the seal, variations in the fluid saturation of the bounding reservoirs modulates the signal amplitude and velocity. This technique will enable improved EM surveys for reservoir characterization.
The concept, known as Proximity Sensing, has been previously demonstrated via numerical simulations and laboratory experiments. In this work, we present quantitative 3D numerical simulations in the frequency domain to estimate the maximum depth of investigation (DOI) under multiple reservoir saturation scenarios. The models consist of: three layers representing an evaporite seal bounded by hydrocarbon reservoirs, and two fluid-filled cased wellbores with dipole antennas representing the transmitter and receiver. Multiple parameters were evaluated to quantify their impact on maximum DOI, including: antenna location, wellbore fluid properties, reservoir saturation and seal conductivity.
The results show that EM signals are detectable beyond half a kilometer separation between transmitter and receiver wells if the evaporite seal is highly resistive. This method can be used to map reservoir saturation based on the relationship between bounding reservoir conductivity and signal propagation. Formation conductivities and antenna depth were found to have the most significant effect on the maximum DOI. Wellbore fluid conductivity has a negligible effect on the DOI. Overall, the more conductive the bounding reservoirs are, the more efficient they are at containing the signal within the channel. However, more conductive reservoirs translate in higher signal attenuation before it enters the channel. Therefore, there is a tradeoff between reservoir conductivity and maximum DOI.
The results presented confirm the viability of Proximity Sensing to enhance propagation of high-frequency EM signals and provide valuable reservoir saturation information. This study provides additional insight as to the viability and ideal configuration for field testing and paves the way for a new research direction in EM surveys.
Alleviation of Scaling Concerns and Controlling of Chemical EOR Under-Performance Risk for a Giant Sandstone Reservoir in North Kuwait
Authors: Al-Murayri Mohammed T. , Kamal Dawood S. , Khan Mohammad Y. , Al-Mayyan Haya E. , Abu Shiekah Issa , Shahin Gordon T. , Shukla Shunahshep R. , Bouwmeester Ron , de Kruijf Sander 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
An inverted 5-spot Alkaline Surfactant Polymer (ASP) pilot is planned for a giant sandstone reservoir in North Kuwait. Despite the development of a robust lab-optimized ASP formulation at reservoir temperature (90°C) and the execution of a successful Single Well Chemical Tracer Test (SWCTT), the combination of high temperature and divalent ion concentration (∼20,000 ppm) makes the implementation of a successful multi-well ASP pilot very difficult mainly due to the challenge of inorganic carbonate scale. This paper presents some unique challenges in connection with the design of an inverted 5-spot ASP pilot and discusses practical strategies to mitigate them.
Due to the high divalent ion concentration in the formation brine, the design basis for the planned chemical EOR pilot requires pre-flushing the reservoir using softened seawater prior to ASP injection. In the base-case scenario for the pilot, injection and production within the pattern were balanced to target a Voidage Replacement Ratio (VRR) of 1. However, it was realized that such a pre-flush strategy would still present significant carbonate scaling risk at the producers. In view of that, an extended softened-water pre-flush strategy (over-flush) was considered to alleviate the anticipated scaling concerns.
Simulations were carried out to explore various scenarios to work out the optimal over-flush strategy for the pilot to mitigate the potential for scale formation at the producers. It was realized that over-flushing the hot reservoir brine by large volumes of cooler surface water could result in significant cooling of the reservoir prior to ASP injection. This change in reservoir temperature compromises the performance the original lab-optimized formulation that was designed considering a reservoir temperature of 90°C. In view of that, careful re-tuning of the chemical formulation was necessary to make it robust for pilot conditions post softened water over-flushing.
HIV-1 Drug Resistance and Genetic Diversity among Vertically Infected Cameroonian Children
Authors: Dambaya Beatrice , Fokam Joseph , Ngoufack Ezechiel 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: HIV-1 vertically infected children stand a high risk of HIV-1 drug resistance (HIVDR), especially after failure to prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) and pediatric antiretroviral therapy (ART). Thus, surveillance of HIVDR might contribute in delineating optimal pediatric regimens. Objective: To evaluate HIVDR and subtype distribution among ART-naïve and ART-failing children. Methods: A study was conducted throughout 2017 amongst 102 children/adolescents at the “Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre” (CIRCB) in Cameroon. HIVDR testing was performed in protease-reverse transcriptase (RT) region and interpreted using the Stanford HIVdbv8.5; subtyping was performed using MEGA v7.0.26; and data were analysed using Epi-info v7.1.3.3, with p<0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: Sequences were generated from 63 participants (19 ART-naïve, 44 ART-failure); the median-age was respectively 6[IQR:3.5–11] and 144[IQR:116.25–185] months for ART-naïve and ART-failing (median ART-duration: 23.55 [IQR:7.61–60.91] months, 63.6% receiving non-nucleoside RT inhibitors [NNRTI]-based regimens). Among ART-naïve children, overall-HIVDR was 52.6%(10/19), with 31.6%(6/19) to NNRTI, 26.3%(5/19) to NRTI and 15.8%(3/19) to PI/r. Among ART-failing children, overall-HIVDR was 97.7%(43/44), with 95.4%(42/44) to NNRTI, 90.9%(40/44) to NRTI and 18.2%(8/44) to PI/r. Multi-drug resistance was found in 21.05%(4/19) ART-naïve versus 85.7%(24/28) on NNRTI-based and 50%(8/16) on PI-based regimens; OR=4.36, p=0.045. CRF02_AG was prevalent (68.2%), without any effect on HIVDR (p=0.99). Conclusion: The high rates of HIVDR, in both ART-naïve and ART-failing children, suggest using GRT for selecting optimal pediatric ART-regimens. Multi-drug resistance is concerning among children failing ART and prompts the need of new drugs (integrase inhibitors, darunavir/ritonavir) for optimal pediatric ART management.
Detection Of Kpc And Oxa-48 Gene In Clinical Isolates Of Carbapenem Resistant Klebsiella Pneumoniae
Authors: Shrestha Bhanu , Sah Anil Kumar , Thakuri Laxmi Sen , Pradhan Roshani Nhuchhen , Nath Dharmendra Kumar , Mainali Sameekshya , Aryal Sagar 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Objectives: The emergence of carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae has been problematic in health sectors. It has been increasing widely in both hospital and community settings. The resistance acquired due to presence of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) and Oxacillinase-48 carbapenemase (OXA-48) is of great concern. This cross-sectional study was designed to detect the carbapenem resistant gene namely blaKPC and blaOXA-48 in K. pneumoniae obtained from different clinical specimens. Results: Among the clinical isolates tested, culture positivity was 51.31% with K. pneumoniae as predominant isolates with 28.20%. AST revealed 38 (69.09%) carbapenemase producing K. pneumoniae while MHT confirmed 31 (56.36%) isolates as carbapenemase producer phenotypically. Similarly, highest percentage of carbapenemase production was seen in sputum (45.16%), in male (67.74%), in age group 51-60 (25.80%) and in OPD (45.16%). PCR screening was done for 31 carbapenemase producing isolates to detect blaKPC and blaOXA-48 genes. Two (6.45%) isolates were positive for blaKPC gene and 9 (29.03%) for blaOXA-48 genes. Significant numbers of blaKPC and blaOXA-48 genes were detected in carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae from clinical isolates.Keywords: Klebsiella pneumoniae, blaKPC, blaOXA-48, Carbapenem