bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient Volumetric Absorption Solar Thermal Platforms Employing Thermally Stable - Solar Selective Nanofluids Engineered from Used Engine Oil
Authors: Singh Nirmal , Khullar Vikrant 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe report a low cost and scalable method to synthesize solar selective nanofluids from ‘used engine oil’. The as-prepared nanofluids exhibit excellent long-term stability (presently tested up to 6 months under undisturbed stagnant conditions at room temperature) and photo-thermal conversion efficiency. Moreover, these were found to retain their stability and functional characteristics even after extended periods (72 hours) of high temperature (300°C) heating, ultra violet light exposure and thermal cyclic loading. Building upon it, we have been able to successfully engineer an efficient volumetric absorption solar thermal platform that employs the as-prepared nanofluids and achieves higher steady state temperatures (approximately 5% higher) relative to the conventional surface absorption based solar thermal system under the sun. The developed volumetric absorption solar thermal platform could prove to be significant step in the evolution of efficient solar thermal systems which could potentially be deployed for host of applications ranging from solar driven heating, air-conditioning, and desalination units to solar energy electricity generation systems.
High-fat diet intake induces depressive-like behavior in ovariectomized rats
Authors: Boldarine Valter T. , Pedroso Amanda P. , Neto Nelson I. P. , Dornellas Ana P. S. , Nascimento Cláudia M. O. , Oyama Lila M. , Ribeiro Eliane B. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis study tested the effects of ovariectomy, allied or not to high-fat feeding and estradiol replacement, on hormonal, metabolic and behavioral parameters, to explore the connection of obesity and depression after menopause. Wistar rats were either ovariectomized or sham-operated and fed with either standard chow or lard-enriched diet for twelve weeks. Sub-groups of ovariectomized rats received estradiol replacement. Depressive-like behaviors were assessed by the forced swim test and locomotor activity was assessed by the elevated plus maze test. Ovariectomy alone increased body weight gain and feed efficiency and induced hyperleptinemia and glucose intolerance while it increased caloric intake and body adiposity only marginally. High-fat intake alone induced obesity and, in combination with ovariectomy, accentuated the ovariectomy-induced alterations. Estradiol replacement attenuated the hormonal alterations only in chow-fed rats. Ovariectomy combined with high-fat intake induced depressive-like behaviors, which were marginally attenuated by estradiol. Depressive-like behaviors were associated with metabolic and body composition parameters and with estrogen status. The data indicate that the vulnerability to develop depression after menopause is influenced by high-fat intake. It is suggested that weight management is a crucial issue in postmenopausal women, probably having a beneficial role in preventing the appearance of mental health problems.
Un-JAMming atherosclerotic arteries: JAM-L as a target to attenuate plaque development
Authors: Sokeechand B Sumayyah H , Trigatti Bernardo L 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease and a major driver of heart attack and stroke. Atherosclerosis development is driven by the infiltration of leukocytes, including monocytes and neutrophils, among other inflammatory cells into the artery wall, monocyte differentiation to macrophages and uptake of oxidized low density lipoprotein. Macrophage activation and inflammatory cytokine production are major factors which drive ongoing inflammation and plaque development. Identification of novel pathways driving this on-going inflammatory process may provide new opportunities for therapeutic intervention. In their article published in Clinical Science (2019) (vol 133, 1215–1228), Sun and colleagues demonstrate a novel role for the junction adhesion molecule-like (JAML) protein in driving on-going atherosclerotic plaque inflammation and plaque development. They report that JAML is expressed in macrophages and other cells in atherosclerotic plaques in both humans and mice, and that silencing JAML expression attenuates atherosclerotic plaque progression in mouse models of early and late stage plaque development. They demonstrate that JAML is required for oxidized-low density lipoprotein (OxLDL)-induced up-regulation of inflammatory cytokine production by macrophages, pointing to it as a potential therapeutic target for reducing ongoing plaque inflammation.
Speech-Language Disorders in 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome: Best Practices for Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Solot Cynthia B. , Sell Debbie , Mayne Anne , Baylis Adriane L. , Persson Christina , Jackson Oksana , McDonald-McGinn Donna M. 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
Speech and language disorders are hallmark features of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22qDS). Learning disabilities, cognitive deficits, palate abnormalities, velopharyngeal dysfunction, behavioral differences, and various medical and psychiatric conditions are also major features of this syndrome. The goal of this document is to summarize the state of the art of current clinical and scientific knowledge regarding 22qDS for speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and provide recommendations for clinical management.

Method
Best practices for management of individuals with 22qDS were developed by consensus of an expert international group of SLPs and researchers with expertise in 22qDS. These care recommendations are based on the authors' research, clinical experience, and literature review.

Results
This document describes the features of 22qDS as well as evaluation procedures, treatment protocols, and associated management recommendations for SLPs for the often complex communication disorders present in this population.

Conclusion
Early diagnosis and appropriate management of speech-language disorders in 22qDS is essential to optimize outcomes and to minimize the long-term effects of communication impairments. Knowledge of this diagnosis also allows anticipatory care and guidance regarding associated features for families, health care, and educational professionals.
X-ray extinction from interstellar dust
Authors: Costantini E. , Zeegers S. T. , Rogantini D. , de Vries C. P. , Tielens A. G. G. M. , Waters L. B. F. M. 
Published: July 2019

Aims. We present a study on the prospects of observing carbon, sulfur, and other lower abundance elements (namely Al, Ca, Ti, and Ni) present in the interstellar medium using future X-ray instruments. We focus in particular on the detection and characterization of interstellar dust along the lines of sight.
Methods. We compared the simulated data with different sets of dust aggregates, either obtained from past literature or measured by us using the SOLEIL-LUCIA synchrotron beamline. Extinction by interstellar grains induces modulations of a given photolelectric edge, which can be in principle traced back to the chemistry of the absorbing grains. We simulated data of instruments with characteristics of resolution and sensitivity of the current Athena, XRISM, and Arcus concepts.
Results. In the relatively near future, the depletion and abundances of the elements under study will be determined with confidence. In the case of carbon and sulfur, the characterization of the chemistry of the absorbing dust will be also determined, depending on the dominant compound. For aluminum and calcium, despite the large depletion in the interstellar medium and the prominent dust absorption, in many cases the edge feature may not be changing significantly with the change of chemistry in the Al- or Ca-bearing compounds. The exinction signature of large grains may be detected and modeled, allowing a test on different grain size distributions for these elements. The low cosmic abundance of Ti and Ni will not allow us a detailed study of the edge features.
The XMM-Newton wide field survey in the COSMOS field: Clustering dependence of X-ray selected AGN on host galaxy properties
Authors: Viitanen A. , Allevato V. , Finoguenov A. , Bongiorno A. , Cappelluti N. , Gilli R. , Miyaji T. , Salvato M. 
Published: July 2019

Aims. We study the spatial clustering of 632 (1130) XMM-COSMOS active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with known spectroscopic or photometric redshifts in the range z = [0.1–2.5] in order to measure the AGN bias and estimate the typical mass of the hosting dark matter (DM) halo as a function of AGN host galaxy properties.
Methods. We created AGN subsamples in terms of stellar mass, M*, and specific black hole accretion rate, LX/M*, to study how AGN environment depends on these quantities. Further, we derived the M*−Mhalo relation for our sample of XMM-COSMOS AGNs and compared it to results in literature for normal non-active galaxies. We measured the projected two-point correlation function wp(rp) using both the classic and the generalized clustering estimator, based on photometric redshifts, as probability distribution functions in addition to any available spectroscopic redshifts. We measured the large-scale (rp ≳ 1 h−1 Mpc) linear bias b by comparing the clustering signal to that expected of the underlying DM distribution. The bias was then related to the typical mass of the hosting halo Mhalo of our AGN subsamples. Since M* and LX/M* are correlated, we matched the distribution in terms of one quantity and we split the distribution in the other.
Results. For the full spectroscopic AGN sample, we measured a typical DM halo mass of log (Mhalo/h−1 M⊙) = 12.79−0.43+0.26, similar to galaxy group environments and in line with previous studies for moderate-luminosity X-ray selected AGN. We find no significant dependence on specific accretion rate LX/M*, with log (Mhalo/h−1 M⊙) = 13.06−0.38+0.23 and log (Mhalo/h−1 M⊙) = 12.97−1.26+0.39 for low and high LX/M* subsamples, respectively. We also find no difference in the hosting halos in terms of M* with log (Mhalo/h−1 M⊙) = 12.93−0.62+0.31 (low) and log (Mhalo/h−1 M⊙) = 12.90−0.62+0.30 (high). By comparing the M*−Mhalo relation derived for XMM-COSMOS AGN subsamples with what is expected for normal non-active galaxies by abundance matching and clustering results, we find that the typical DM halo mass of our high M* AGN subsample is similar to that of non-active galaxies. However, AGNs in our low M* subsample are found in more massive halos than non-active galaxies. By excluding AGNs in galaxy groups from the clustering analysis, we find evidence that the result for low M* may be due to larger fraction of AGNs as satellites in massive halos.
Möglichkeiten zur Verbesserung der Dosimetrie und Therapieplanung in der Molekularen Radiotherapie durch maschinelles Lernen
Authors: Jiménez-Franco Luis David , Kletting Peter , Glatting Gerhard 
Published: July 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Molekulare Strahlentherapie ist eine systemische oder lokoregionäre Therapie, bei der dem Patienten ein Radionuklid oder ein radioaktiv markiertes Arzneimittel verabreicht wird. Ziel ist es, die Tumorzellen abzutöten und gleichzeitig das Normalgewebe zu schonen. Die Therapieplanung umfasst deshalb die prätherapeutische Bestimmung der zu verabreichenden Aktivitätsmenge, der Substanzmenge und der zeitlichen Abfolge möglicher die Pharmakokinetik modulierender Interventionen/Injektionen.Der Einsatz der künstlichen Intelligenz und insbesondere des maschinellen Lernens (ML) sind in letzter Zeit immer mehr in den Fokus auch der Bildgebung und Therapie mit ionisierenden Strahlen gerückt.In dieser Übersichtsarbeit wird ein Verfahren der individualisierten Therapieplanung für die Molekulare Strahlentherapie anhand eines Ablaufplanes vorgestellt. Dabei werden die Möglichkeiten diskutiert, durch den Einsatz von maschinellem Lernen die Therapieplanung zu verbessern. Der Einsatz von ML besitzt ein großes Potenzial in der Dosimetrie und Behandlungsplanung in der Molekularen Strahlentherapie. Jedoch sind noch weitere Anstrengungen erforderlich, um genügend relevante Daten zu sammeln und diese mittels ML effizient zur Verbesserung der Dosimetrie und Behandlungsplanung in der Molekularen Strahlentherapie zu nutzen.
Entwicklungen in der Analyse von Tumorheterogenität in computertomografischen Aufnahmen
Authors: Steinacker Jochen 
Published: July 2019

ZusammenfassungLange beschränkte sich die bildmorphologische Beurteilung von Tumoren auf deren Größe einschließlich der Größendynamik, das Kontrastierungsmuster sowie deren visuell fassbaren Verhalten zum umliegenden Gewebe. In der letzten Dekade rückten zunehmend weitere Aspekte der Bildauswertung von in der klinischen Routine angefertigten Bilddatensätzen in den Fokus, welche dank stetig steigender Prozessorleistung und entsprechend neuer Anwendungsmöglichkeiten erstmals in größerem Umfang analysiert werden konnten. Begriffe wie Tumorheterogenität, „machine learning“ und „big data“ fanden sich immer häufiger in den Überschriften der Publikationen. Es ist gemeinhin anerkannt, dass Tumoren biologisch in der überwiegenden Zahl der Fälle keine homogene Masse darstellen, sondern sowohl auf makroskopischer als auch auf mikroskopischer und genetischer Ebene heterogene Gewebe darstellen. Diese histopathologischen und immunhistochemischen Erkenntnisse mit Tumorarealen unterschiedlicher Zelldichte, Angioneogenese und nekrotischen Anteilen sollten ein entsprechend quantifizierbares Korrelat in den bildgebenden Verfahren aufweisen. Die Heterogenitätsanalyse von Geweben in computertomografischen Datensätzen findet entsprechend in der Onkologie ein breites Anwendungsspektrum, aber auch nicht maligne Erkrankungen stellen einen möglichen Anwendungsbereich für diese Art der Bilddatenauswertung dar. Der nachfolgende Artikel soll eine Übersicht über bereits erfolgte Auswertungen von CT-Datensätzen bei verschiedenen Tumorentitäten und nicht-onkologischen Fragestellungen liefern und die Herausforderungen für die weitere Anwendung von Heterogenitätsanalysen aufzeigen. Ein wichtiges Ziel stellt hierbei die Identifikation von möglichen bildgebenden Biomarkern zur Therapieresponseevaluation dar, um mit entsprechenden Rückschlüssen die Fortführung oder Umstellung der therapeutischen Maßnahmen zu untermauern.
Outcomes of surgical resections for benign colon polyps: a systematic review
Authors: de Neree tot Babberich Michael P.M. , Bronzwaer Maxime E.S. , Andriessen Jurr O. , Bastiaansen Barbara A. J. , Mostafavi Nahid , Bemelman Willem A. , Fockens Paul , Tanis Pieter J. , Dekker Evelien 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background Not all benign colonic polyps are suitable for endoscopic resection, although criteria for endoscopic non-resectability vary worldwide. Clinical decision-making largely depends on endoscopic treatment options, as well as postoperative risks after surgical resection. This systematic review aimed to determine postoperative outcomes and the characteristics of surgically resected benign colonic polyps.
Methods MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were searched for studies investigating the outcomes of surgical resection for benign colonic polyps since 1980. Studies were considered eligible when at least one postoperative outcome (morbidity and/or mortality) was reported. Meta-analyses were conducted for the primary outcome measures (morbidity and mortality) for studies that included patients only after the year 2000.
Results Of the 4210 studies retrieved, 26 studies describing 139 897 patients were included. The most common indications for surgical resection were polyp location in the right-sided colon, non-pedunculated morphology, and large polyp size. The pooled 1-month complication and mortality rates of studies that included patients after the year 2000 were 24 % (95 % confidence interval [CI] 15 % – 36 %) and 0.7 % (95 %CI 0.6 % – 0.8 %), respectively.
Conclusion The postoperative morbidity and mortality after colonic resection for benign polyps are substantial. Referral to an advanced interventional endoscopist should be considered before referral for surgery to evaluate the possibilities for endoscopic treatment of large, non-pedunculated, and/or colonic polyps in difficult locations without suspicion of submucosal malignant invasion.
Hypogastric Artery Occlusion with Evoked Potentials Monitoring as Bailout Technique to Assess the Risk of Postoperative Spinal Cord Ischemia
Authors: D'Oria Mario , Calvagna Cristiano , Chiarandini Stefano , Ziani Barbara 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA 65-year-old man, with previous open surgical repair of an infrarenal abdominal aortic, presented with acute complicated (paraplegia) Type B aortic dissection. He successfully underwent endovascular repair of the descending thoracic and abdominal aorta. Following the procedure, the neurological manifestations resolved. As he had a concomitant aneurysm of the right hypogastric artery (HGA), we executed a 10-minute balloon occlusion of this artery with evoked potential measurements to assess the risk of spinal cord ischemia after exclusion of the right HGA. The examination was interpreted as negative, and we proceeded with coil embolization of the right HGA and subsequent placement of an endograft landing distally within the external iliac artery. The postoperative course was totally uneventful, and the patient was discharged home 4 days after the operation. Computed tomography angiography follow-up at 1, 6, 12 and 24 months showed patency of all endografts without any signs of endoleak and effective remodeling of the descending thoracic aorta with volume reduction of the false lumen.
Effects of Sex on Early Outcome following Repair of Acute Type A Aortic Dissection: Results from The Nordic Consortium for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection (NORCAAD)
Authors: Chemtob Raphaelle A. , Hjortdal Vibeke , Ahlsson Anders , Gunn Jarmo , Mennander Ari , Zindovic Igor , Olsson Christian , Pivodic Aldina , Hansson Emma C. , Jeppsson Anders , Geirsson Arnar , Gudbjartsson Tomas 
Published: July 2019

Background Female sex is known to have increased perioperative mortality in cardiac surgery. Studies reporting effects of sex on outcome following surgical repair for acute Type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) have been limited by small cohorts of heterogeneous patient populations and have shown diverging results. This study aimed to compare perioperative characteristics, operative management, and postoperative outcome between sexes in a large and well-defined cohort of patients operated for ATAAD.
Methods The Nordic Consortium for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection study included patients with surgical repair of ATAAD at eight Nordic centers between January 2005 and December 2014. Independent predictors of 30-day mortality were identified using multivariable logistic regression.
Results Females represented 373 (32%) out of 1,154 patients and were significantly older (65 ± 11 vs. 60 ± 12 years, p < 0.001), had lower body mass index (25.8 ± 5.4 vs. 27.2 ± 4.3 kg/m2, p < 0.001), and had more often a history of hypertension (59% vs. 48%, p = 0.001) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (8% vs. 4%, p = 0.033) compared with males. More females presented with DeBakey class II as compared with males with dissection of the ascending aorta alone (33.4% vs. 23.1%, p = 0.003). Hypothermic cardiac arrest time (28 ± 16 vs. 31 ± 19 minutes, p = 0.026) and operation time (345 ± 133 vs. 374 ± 135 minutes, p < 0.001) were shorter among females. There was no difference between the sexes in unadjusted intraoperative death (9.1% vs. 6.7%, p = 0.17) or 30-day mortality (17.7% vs. 17.4%, p = 0.99). In a multivariable analysis including perioperative factors influencing mortality, no difference was found between females and males in 30-day mortality (odds ratio: 0.92, 95% confidence interval: 0.62–1.38, p = 0.69).
Conclusions This study found no association between sex and early mortality following surgery for ATAAD, despite females being older and having more comorbidities, yet also presenting with a less widespread dissection than males.
Nineteenth-Century Homeopathic Repertories Predict Increased Urinary Excretion of Bile in Cholestasis but Not in Non-Cholestatic Infant Jaundice
Authors: Block Janice 
Published: July 2019

Introduction There are two types of bilirubin: conjugated bilirubin, prevalent in cholestatic jaundice, and unconjugated bilirubin, prevalent in hematologic jaundice. Conjugated bilirubin is water soluble and is excreted in urine, whereas unconjugated bilirubin is neither water soluble nor excreted in urine. Homeopathic repertories published prior to the discovery of the two types of bilirubin in 1913 present an opportunity to test the reliability of homeopathic repertories and associated materia medica. If procedures involved in the collecting of homeopathic observations are reliable, then in repertories published prior to 1913, medicines listed for cholestatic jaundice should exhibit a stronger association with urine bile than medicines listed for hematologic jaundice.
Materials and Methods In three repertories published prior to 1913, medicines associated with jaundice were further classified into groups labeled “Cholestatic” or “Infant, mostly hematologic”. Medicines were identified as “Cholestatic” if associated with both white/clay-colored stool and liver/gallbladder symptoms. Medicines were identified as “Infant, mostly hematologic” if associated with infant jaundice without meeting criteria for the “Cholestatic” group. Controls were medicines appearing in Hahnemann's Materia Medica Pura. Each category was assessed for green urine—usually reflective of bile in urine.
Results In Knerr's repertory, the “Cholestatic” group demonstrated a significantly greater association with green urine than controls (p < 0.05, Fisher's exact test), whereas the “Infant, mostly hematologic” group did not differ significantly from controls. For Lippe's and Boenninghausen's repertories, statistical significance was not demonstrated. Across repertories, the overall weighted pooled odds ratio (OR) demonstrated significance in the association between the “Cholestatic” group and green urine (OR, 2.384; 95% confidence interval, 1.234 to 4.607), whereas the “Infant, mostly hematologic” group was similar to that of controls (OR, 0.754; 95% confidence interval, 0.226 to 2.514).
Conclusions Based on the presence or absence of bile in the urine, homeopathic repertories from the 19th century can distinguish between disease processes involving conjugated bilirubin and disease processes involving unconjugated bilirubin.
Tumor Response Criteria in Oncoimaging: RECIST Criteria and beyond—Part 1
Authors: Rastogi Ashita , Baheti Akshay D. , Patra Anurima , Tirumani Sree Harsha 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe rapid recent advances in oncology have made the dream of precision oncology a reality, with targeted therapy available for various tumors depending on the molecular genotype. This has led to the corresponding development of personalized radiology as well, with various tumor response criteria used to characterize disease response/progression depending on chemotherapy used. In these two review articles, we review the various tumor response criteria widely applied in both research and clinical settings. These include the classic size-based criteria such as RECIST (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors) 1.1 and the WHO (World Health Organization) criteria, as also various other criteria such as Choi and modified Choi criteria for tumors treated by targeted therapy, EASL and modified RECIST (mRECIST) criteria for hepatocellular carcinomas, and immune-related response criteria (irRC) and immune RECIST (iRECIST) for patients on immunotherapy. Other clinically important criteria such as PERCIST (PET Response Criteria In Solid Tumors) for positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET-CT) and the MD Anderson criteria for evaluating bone metastases are also highlighted.