bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial efficacy of Novel Ethanolic Extract of Morinda Citrifolia Against Enterococcus Feacalis by Agar Well Diffusion Method and Minimal Inhibitory Concentration- An Invitro Study.
Authors: Gummuluri Sriram , Kavalipurapu Venkata Teja , Kaligotla Apoorva Vasundhara 
Published: August 2019

Introduction: the long term success of root canal treatment is ultimately related to the effective debridement and disinfection of the root canal system. Hence, the irrigants play an important role in achieving the good penetrability and bactericidal activity. The present study was mainly aimed at evaluating the invitro antimicrobial efficacy of Novel Ethanolic Extract of Morinda Citrifolia by agar well diffusion and minimal inhibitory concentration. Materials and Methods:the antimicrobial efficacy of the Novel Ethanolic Extract of Morinda Citrifolia was tested using agar well diffusion and minimal inhibitory concentration was assessed. The zone of inhibitions were determined at 10 mg/ml concentration of Ethanolic Extract of Morinda Citrifolia on agar well plate and Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) against tested microorganism. Results: results obtained in the present study by both qualitative and quantitative experiments revieled that the tested Ethanolic Extract of Morinda Citrifolia possesses potential antibacterial activity against Enterococcus Feacalis when compared with standard antibiotic tetracycline. the highest zone of inhibition of 15mm was showed at 1000micrograms by agar well diffusion assay. The optimal antimicrobial activity was seen at 250micrograms for Morinda Citrifolia against Enterococcus Feacalis.Conclusion: novel Ethanolic extract of Morinda Citrifolia has shown an optimal antimicrobial activity against E.Feaclais. But still, future studies are still needed.
Behavioural perspective of tobacco use among youth of Vidarbha region of Maharashtra state in central part of India
Authors: Gaikwad Rahul Narayan 
Published: August 2019

Objective: This study was conducted to find out the youth perspective about the use of tobacco and its ill effects. The survey was conducted at a private Engineering college of Nagpur, Maharashtra India. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study with self-administered modified Global youth tobacco survey (GYTS) questionnaire was used for data collection. Eight hundred nine college students of age group between 17 year-24years were included in this study. The questionnaire comprised of information on socio-demographic characteristics and questionnaire was used to gather data on knowledge, attitude and practices of participants about tobacco use. Data analysis was performed by using chi-square test and Statistical significance was measured at a level of 0.05. Result: Out of 806 total participants, 136 (16.8) were current tobacco consumers, significantly high prevalence of tobacco use was observed among boys 106 (13.1) than girls 30 (3.7). Moreover, a higher number of boys 106 (13.1) started smoking at young adolescent age (13- 20 years) than girls30 (3.7). Conclusion: The findings in the study suggest that tobacco use is still an important risk behavior amongst students. Tobacco use was comparatively higher amongst boys though its use is not restricted to them only. There is a need to plan to gather nationwide baseline data on the use of tobacco by young adolescents and the factors associated with initiation of tobacco habit.KeywordsGlobal youth tobacco survey (GYTS); Tobacco prevalence; Tobacco use among youth.
Biological Restorations: A foreseeable possibility in the junction between dentistry and technology
Authors: Saavedra Guilherme de Siqueira F. Anzaloni , Viegas Diogo Miguel da Costa Cabecinha Pacheco , Costa Fabio , Kano Paulo 
Published: August 2019

Prosthetic rehabilitation can generate doubts among professionals regarding the type of material to choose when planning rehabilitation treatments. The establishment of reliable criteria for material selection raises frequent questions. This work presents a concept and an alternative and simplified proposal to paradigm shift in therapeutic approaches based on three trends in restorative dentistry: Biomimetics, the use of natural tissue as a restorative material, which offers potential for the recovery of the mechanical, aesthetic and biological properties of teeth; digital dentistry and CAD/CAM systems; and adhesive technology, which has undergone exponential and impressive advances. However, further studies are needed to evaluate the long-term performance of restorations in this variable field. KeywordsAdhesion; Ceramics; Natural tooth; CAD/CAM; Oral rehabilitation; Biomimetics.
Die ökumenischen Potentiale der Theologie Karl Barths. Facetten einer eigenen Konzeptualisierung
Authors: Weinrich Michael 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The ecumenical potential of Barth’s theology goes far beyond his direct participation in the ecumenical movement. The denominational character of his theology is always transcended by the act of confession which the church again and again has to formulate anew in its respective time and space. The denominational tradition remains welcome as assistance but can never take the place of the act of confessing. The contextuality of theology is essentially connected to its catholicity. Focusing on the first commandment, Barth reminds us that even the Church itself can succumb to the temptation of filling the place of God with self-imagined gods. The most promising ecumenical potential of Barth’s theology can be found in his Covenant theology according to which - based on his doctrine of election - Israel and the church are inextricably entwined with each other in the one congregation of God. The consequences this implies for ecumenism have yet to be drawn.
Oszillieren zwischen Struktur und Communitas. Ein Modell ökumenischer Theorie und Praxis in Anschluss an Victor Turner
Authors: Teuchert Lisanne 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Thirty years ago, the first German translation of Victor Turner’s »The Ritual Process: Structure and Anti-Structure« was published. Since then, it has had a wide influence, amongst others, in Practical Theology. But also for interpreting the current ecumenical situation, Turner’s theory of ritual has great potential. In this essay, this situation is interpreted with Turner’s concept of liminality which oscillates between structure and anti-structure or communitas. From this point of view, there is no unfortunate gap between the ecumenism of doctrinal consensus and the ecumenism of experience. Rather, both are part of a necessary dialectical process oscillating between structure (denomination, doctrine, office) and communitas (experienced community of unity). Within this »phase change«, ecumenism remains both stable and innovative.
Über Grenzen hinweg
Authors: Kennel Gunter 
Published: August 2019

Überblick
Der Beitrag zeigt, wie die Tätigkeiten von Kirchenmusikerinnen und Kirchenmusikern an den grundlegenden Dimensionen kirchlichen Handelns Anteil haben und wie sich die Kirchenmusik als solche in ihnen wiederfindet. Mit Bezug auf neuere Tendenzen der pastoraltheologischen Diskussion plädiert der Verfasser für ein multiprofessionell abgestimmtes Agieren und hebt die Chancen hervor, die ein begleiteter Berufseinstieg für Kirchenmusikerinnen wie für andere kirchliche Berufsgruppen eröffnet.
Construction, validation and reliability of an instrument for evaluation and evolution of chronic wounds
Authors: Melo Adriana Feliciana , Dantas Verônica de Mendonça , Chavaglia Suzel Regina Ribeiro , Barbosa Maria Helena , Júnior Marcos Antônio Ferreira , Barichello Elizabeth 
Published: August 2019

construct and validate an instrument for evaluation and evolution of chronic wounds. The content and apparent validities were appreciated by experts, the reliability by the analysis of concordance between evaluators using the interclass correlation coefficient and to verify the construct validity was used the instrument Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing. the analysis of the scores of the instrument by the ICC showed an excellent and significant correlation (K = 0.914) and to verify the construct validity of the instrument, the Pearson correlation coefficient, whose result was 0.573, showed a statistically significant and strong correlation between the scores instrument and the Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing. Most of the concordances of the items were classified as moderate or substantial. The instrument is valid and reliable. It is suggest longitudinal studies in larger populations, semantic validation in a sample of nurses, and an illustrative guide to standardize concepts in order to improve the evaluation of metric properties.
The Impact of Climate Change in the Valuation of Production Assets via the IFRS Framework
Authors: Scholten Rebecca , Lambooy Tineke , Renes Remko , Bartels Wim 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
An interesting relatively new development in the field of corporate climate change disclosures is the Task force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD). The TCFD aims to help identify the information needed by financial stakeholders to appropriately assess and price climate change related risks and opportunities. In its first Report (2016), the TCFD recommends that companies provide climate change related disclosures specifying the impact thereof on their financial performance through mainstream (i. e. public) financial filings.
In this paper, we look at the financial accounting standards as an institutional framework, and in particular pose the question to what extent this framework supports companies to disclose how climate change impacts their operations and the value of the production assets. To test to what extent companies make disclosures in relation to climate change, we selected four energy companies and conducted a comparative case study analysis. Our focus is on the valuation of production assets, more specifically, drilling platforms, windmill platforms, heavy equipment and transport means used to support the production, and pipes and cables to transport the energy units produced.
Interesting findings were: (i) in all four cases, potential future changes (caused by climate change) concerning the valuation of the production assets are not (yet) accounted for in their Balance Sheet Annex. This is remarkable because climate change is likely to have an effect on the future value of the production assets employed in the two types of industries, among others caused by the development that renewable energy demand increases at the expense of non-renewable energy demand; and (ii) the current financial reporting system does not support renewable energy companies to provide meaningful and quantitative insights in expected increases of their future cash inflows and their financial and innovation potential. This impedes financiers and investors to accurately and meaningfully assess the value of a renewable energy company’s business compared with a non-renewable company’s business.
Types and annotation of reply relations in computer-mediated communication
Authors: Herzberg Laura , Lüngen Harald 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis paper presents types and annotation layers of reply relations in computer- mediated communication (CMC). Reply relations hold between post units in CMC interactions and describe references from one given post to a previous post. We classify three types of reply relations in CMC interactions: first, technical replies, i. e. the possibility to reply directly to a previous post by clicking a ‘reply’ button; second, indentations, e. g. in wiki talk pages in which users insert their contributions in the existing talk page by indenting them and third, interpretative reply relations, i. e. the reply action is not realised formally but signalled by other structural or linguistics means such as address markers ‘@’, greetings, citations and/or Q-A structures. We take a look at existing practices in the description and representation of such relations in corpora and examples of chat, Wikipedia talk pages, Twitter and blogs. We then provide an annotation proposal that combines the different levels of description and representation of reply relations and which adheres to the schemas and practices for encoding CMC corpus documents within the TEI framework as defined by the TEI CMC SIG. It constitutes a prerequisite for correctly identifying higher levels of interactional relations such as dialogue acts or discussion trees.
Higher differentiability of solutions to a class of obstacle problems under non-standard growth conditions
Authors: Gavioli Chiara 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
We establish the higher differentiability of integer order of solutions to a class of obstacle problems assuming that the gradient of the obstacle possesses an extra integer differentiability property.
We deal with the case in which the solutions to the obstacle problems satisfy a variational inequality of the form

∫
Ω

〈

𝒜
⁢

(
x
,

D
⁢
u

)

,

D
⁢

(

φ
-
u

)

〉

⁢

𝑑
x

≥
0

for all
⁢
φ

∈

𝒦
ψ

⁢

(
Ω
)

.

\int_{\Omega}\langle\mathcal{A}(x,Du),D(\varphi-u)\rangle\,dx\geq 0\quad\text{%
for all }\varphi\in\mathcal{K}_{\psi}(\Omega).

The main novelty is that the operator

𝒜

{\mathcal{A}}

satisfies the so-called

p
,
q

{p,q}

-growth conditions with p and q linked by the relation

q
p

<

1
+

1
n

-

1
r

,

\frac{q}{p}<1+\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{r},

for

r
>
n

{r>n}

.
Here

ψ
∈

W

1
,
p

⁢

(
Ω
)

{\psi\in W^{1,p}(\Omega)}

is a fixed function, called obstacle, for which we assume

D
⁢
ψ

∈

W
loc

1
,

2
⁢
q

-
p

⁢

(
Ω
)

{D\psi\in W^{1,2q-p}_{\mathrm{loc}}(\Omega)}

, and

𝒦
ψ

=

{

w
∈

W

1
,
p

⁢

(
Ω
)

:

w
≥

ψ
⁢
a.e. in
⁢
Ω

}

{\mathcal{K}_{\psi}=\{w\in W^{1,p}(\Omega):w\geq\psi\text{ a.e. in }\Omega\}}

is the class of admissible functions.
We require for the partial map

x
↦

𝒜
⁢

(
x
,
ξ
)

{x\mapsto\mathcal{A}(x,\xi\/)}

a higher differentiability of Sobolev order in the space

W

1
,
r

{W^{1,r}}

, with

r
>
n

{r>n}

satisfying the condition above.
On the Gitik–Shelah theorem
Authors: Frankiewicz Ryszard , Jureczko Joanna 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The well-known Gitik–Shelah theorem (1989) touches the problem of existence isomorphisms between some quotient algebras.
In this paper, we study a relation between the existence of such isomorphisms and the existence of so-called Kuratowski partitions of adequate Baire spaces.
For this purpose, we give strictly combinatorial methods.
Determinants of smoking behavior among young males in rural Indonesia
Authors: Efendi Ferry , Aidah Fitriana Nur , Has Eka Mishbahatul M. , Lindayani Linlin , Reisenhofer Sonia 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Introduction
A high prevalence of tobacco smoking has been reported among adolescents and young adults, especially men, in lower-middle-income countries such Indonesia. Understanding the extent and determinants of smoking within this population, particularly those living in rural areas where smoking rates are anecdotally higher than in city areas, is essential to inform development of targeted smoking prevention and reduction programs. This study analyzes the prevalence and determinants of smoking behavior among young men in rural Indonesia.

Methods
Secondary data analysis of the 2012 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey: Adolescent Reproductive Health (IDHS ARH) were used. Data from 4811 rural males (15–24 years of age) were selected through two-stage stratified cluster sampling techniques. The chi-square (χ2) test and binary logistic regression were used to determine significant factors associated with tobacco smoking.

Results
More than half of this population in rural Indonesia were smokers. Significant factors associated with smoking were: age 20–24 years (odds ratio (OR) 2.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.4–3.2), working status (OR = 2.24, 95% CI: 1.95–2.57), low education level (OR = 1.93, 95% CI: 1.52–2.45), access to magazines (OR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.68–0.89) and access to the radio (OR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.12–1.48) at least once a week.

Conclusions
A significant proportion of adolescents and young men in rural Indonesia smoke tobacco. Exposure to media with likely cigarette advertising (radio and magazines) and access to money via employment in the context of lower socio-economic and education levels elevate the risk of smoking. While Indonesian government campaigns targeting smoking are in place, further work is required to decrease smoking rates and prevent a future smoking-related health crisis for rural Indonesia’s young men.
Modeling and Testing of a Milli-Structured Reactor for Carbon Dioxide Methanation
Authors: Pérez S. , Del Molino E. , Barrio V. L. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The methanation of carbon dioxide (CO2) via the Sabatier reaction is an exothermic process that needs the continuous removal of the heat produced for avoiding the sintering of the catalyst. A novel milli-channel reactor with internal diameter of each channel in the millimeter size has been designed, manufactured and tested for the Sabatier reaction. Thanks to its configuration, this reactor could control effectively the heat generated by the reaction, attaining an intensification of the process. A CFD model was used to study the reaction phenomena occurring inside the reactor and the corresponding heat transfers. The kinetic parameters of the reaction have been obtained, and employing different process condition (different temperatures, pressures and gas flow rates) the results obtained have been studied. At the evaluated parameters, the CFD model fits the experimental results in the developed reactor.
Pricing under dynamic risk measures
Authors: Zhao Jun , Lépinette Emmanuel , Zhao Peibiao 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we study the discrete-time super-replication problem of contingent claims with respect to an acceptable terminal discounted cash flow. Based on the concept of Immediate Profit, i.e., a negative price which super-replicates the zero contingent claim, we establish a weak version of the fundamental theorem of asset pricing. Moreover, time consistency is discussed and we obtain a representation formula for the minimal super-hedging prices of bounded contingent claims.
Finite groups with star-free noncyclic graphs
Authors: Ma Xuanlong , Walls Gary L. , Wang Kaishun 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
For a finite noncyclic group G, let Cyc(G) be the set of elements a of G such that 〈a, b〉 is cyclic for each b of G. The noncyclic graph of G is a graph with the vertex set G ∖ Cyc(G), having an edge between two distinct vertices x and y if 〈x, y〉 is not cyclic. In this paper, we classify all finite noncyclic groups whose noncyclic graphs are K1,n-free, where K1,n is a star and 3 ≤ n ≤ 6.
Prediction of recurrence-associated death from localized prostate cancer with a charlson comorbidity index–reinforced machine learning model
Authors: Lin Yi-Ting , Lee Michael Tian-Shyug , Huang Yen-Chun , Liu Chih-Kuang , Li Yi-Tien , Chen Mingchih 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Research has failed to resolve the dilemma experienced by localized prostate cancer patients who must choose between radical prostatectomy (RP) and external beam radiotherapy (RT). Because the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) is a measurable factor that affects survival events, this research seeks to validate the potential of the CCI to improve the accuracy of various prediction models. Thus, we employed the Cox proportional hazard model and machine learning methods, including random forest (RF) and support vector machine (SVM), to model the data of medical records in the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). In total, 8581 individuals were enrolled, of whom 4879 had received RP and 3702 had received RT. Patients in the RT group were older and exhibited higher CCI scores and higher incidences of some CCI items. Moderate-to-severe liver disease, dementia, congestive heart failure, chronic pulmonary disease, and cerebrovascular disease all increase the risk of overall death in the Cox hazard model. The CCI-reinforced SVM and RF models are 85.18% and 81.76% accurate, respectively, whereas the SVM and RF models without the use of the CCI are relatively less accurate, at 75.81% and 74.83%, respectively. Therefore, CCI and some of its items are useful predictors of overall and prostate-cancer-specific survival and could constitute valuable features for machine-learning modeling.
Color generation from self-organized metalo-dielectric nanopillar arrays
Authors: Ravishankar Ajith P. , van Tilburg Marvin A.J. , Vennberg Felix , Visser Dennis , Anand Srinivasan 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Nanostructures composed of dielectric, metallic or metalo-dielectric structures are receiving significant attention due to their unique capabilities to manipulate light for a wide range of functions such as spectral colors, anti-reflection and enhanced light-matter interaction. The optical properties of such nanostructures are determined not only by the shape and dimensions of the structures but also by their spatial arrangement. Here, we demonstrate the generation of vivid colors from nanostructures composed of spatially disordered metalo-dielectric (In/InP) nanopillar arrays. The nanopillars are formed by a single-step, ion-sputtering-assisted, self-assembly process that is inherently scalable and avoids complex patterning and deposition procedures. The In/InP nanopillar dimensions can be changed in a controlled manner by varying the sputter duration, resulting in reflective colors from pale blue to dark red. The fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis of the distribution of the formed nanopillars shows that they are spatially disordered. The electromagnetic simulations combined with the optical measurements show that the reflectance spectra are strongly influenced by the pillar dimensions. While the specular and diffuse reflectance components are appreciable in all the nanopillar samples, the specular part dominates for the shorter nanopillars, thereby leading to a glossy effect. The simulation results show that the characteristic features in the observed specular and diffused reflectance spectra are determined by the modal and light-scattering properties of single pillars. While the work focuses on the In/InP system, the findings are relevant in a wider context of structural color generation from other types of metalo-dielectric nanopillar arrays.
Armut als Ordnungsfrage – Vom Wert des ordnungsökonomischen Denkens
Authors: Schüller Alfred 
Published: August 2019

Zusammenfassung
Die Armutsfrage wird heute bevorzugt als staatliches Verteilungs- und Lenkungsproblem, kaum noch als umfassende Ordnungsaufgabe mit dem Ziel der allgemeinen Wohlstandsmehrung aufgefasst, wie dies vor 70 Jahren mit einer erfolgreichen Währungs- und Wirtschaftsreform im Verständnis der Sozialen Marktwirtschaft geschah. Inzwischen sind die Grundsätze dieses Wirtschaftssystems weithin brach liegend. Was lernen wir davon und welche Perspektiven ergeben sich daraus – vor allem auch für Europa?
Monetary Policy, Privileges and Economic Development: Ordoliberal Lessons for the EMU
Authors: Duarte Pablo 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The currency and economic reform of West Germany in 1948 created institutional conditions that permitted a rapid postwar recovery. The reforms were based on the idea of privilege-free competition as a means towards a functioning economic order which is acceptable to participants. The crisis-management policies in the EMU after 2009 go in the opposite direction. Based on technocratic arguments, European institutions have granted privileges in form of bailouts. Indirectly, the ECB has granted further privileges through its ultra-loose monetary policy. The expected consequences are less competition, higher concentration of economic and political power, “zombification” of firms and banks as well as lower productivity and output growth. The lesson from West Germany’s reform for the EMU is the importance of privilege-free competition for economic development.