bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peer coaching in a school in Cairo, Egypt
Authors: Sider Steve 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine how peer coaching was introduced in one school in Egypt and to identify barriers and opportunities for successful implementation.

Design/methodology/approach
The methodology included semi-structured interviews with eight teachers, participant observation of their classes and meetings, and three focus group meetings with teachers and school administrators.

Findings
Ladyshewsky’s (2017) five key aspects of peer coaching are considered in the findings: establishing peer partners, building trust between the partners, identifying specific areas to target for learning, training on non-evaluative questions and feedback, and supporting each other as new ideas are attempted. Each aspect of these is reviewed in light of the implementation process in the school.

Practical implications
The study provides practical suggestions for teachers and school administrators that include considerations for implementation. Numerous connections are made to research on peer coaching that is relevant to the implementation of peer coaching in schools in Egypt and other countries in the Global South.

Originality/value
The study provides an examination of the implementation of peer coaching in a school in Egypt. Thus, it contributes to the limited literature on peer coaching in the Global South. The discussion and conclusion sections consider further questions and research opportunities for effective practices in peer coaching in international contexts.
Temperature analysis of CFG pile composite foundation in high latitudes and low altitude island permafrost
Authors: Liu Jinliang , Jia Yanmin 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
Cement fly ash gravel (CFG) pile composite foundation is an effective and economic foundation treatment approach, which is significant to build foundation, subgrade construction, and so forth. The purpose of this paper is to present a research on the temperature behaviours of high-latitude and low-altitude island permafrost under CFG pile composite foundation treatment.

Design/methodology/approach
In the process of CFG pile construction, the temperature of permafrost and pile body was monitored using the temperature sensors. The influence of subgrade height and atmospheric temperature cycle on permafrost temperature was analysed by finite element simulation.

Findings
In the process of CFG pile construction, the change curve of pile temperature and the temperature of permafrost beside pile following time can be divided into six stages, and the duration of these stages is at least one month. The temperature variation of permafrost while constructing subgrade in FEM has a good agreement with the results of field temperature monitoring. The height of subgrade not only affects the maximum temperature increase of permafrost and the re-frozen time of permafrost after the construction of CFG pile composite foundation, but also affects the temperature variation amplitude of permafrost during atmospheric temperature cycle.

Originality/value
The research will provide a reference for the design on the CFG pile composite foundation used for island permafrost and guarantee the stability of the structure; thus, it has an important significance.
Diversity management at the tertiary level: an attempt to extend existing paradigms
Authors: Gaisch Martina , Preymann Silke , Aichinger Regina 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to adopt a holistic diversity lens with the aim to enhance the understanding of the multifaceted paradigms for diversity management at the tertiary level.

Design/methodology/approach
This contribution takes the inspiration of existing diversity paradigms used in business settings and relates them to higher education. It then articulates them in greater depths in line with the diversity segments of the so-called higher education awareness for diversity wheel and seeks a common denominator that may be shared across disciplines by adding an eclectic and context-specific approach.

Findings
It was identified that the underlying assumptions which constitute the commonly known diversity paradigms are only partially applicable for the tertiary level. It is further suggested that in view of the highly dynamic kaleidoscope of higher education institutions, multiple, at times conflicting rationales for diversity management need to be addressed.

Originality/value
This paper seeks to address the paucity of studies with regard to diversity management at the tertiary level. By drawing on relevant paradigms and relating them to specific diversity segments, this study intends to make a meaningful scholarly contribution to the existing body of knowledge.
Determinants of housing prices from an urban economic point of view: evidence from Hungary
Authors: Czinkan Norbert , Horváth Áron 
Published: January 2019

PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to investigate a cross section of Hungarian settlement-level unit housing prices with a special emphasis on measuring the effect of population and its growth, along with accessibility to the centre of an aggregated spatial unit such as a micro-region, county or region, for the period of 2001-2011.Design/methodology/approachThe analysis uses cross-sectional ordinary least squares techniques with Moulton-corrected standard errors. The estimation is guided by the implications of a simplified monocentric urbanized area framework following the model of DiPasquale and Wheaton (1996), and the econometric model is augmented with population growth rate at the settlement level to bridge the theory explaining rents and data base containing prices instead.FindingsThe location is a key factor in determining housing prices: living 10 min further from the centre results in 11 per cent cheaper housing. When estimating bid-rent curves, results show that it is crucial to control for city size and the income effect. The elasticity of housing price with respect to city size is 0.09 according to our preferred model. Population growth has an asymmetric impact on housing prices: municipalities with positive expected population growth have higher prices today.Practical implicationsEstimating the quantitative relationship between commuting time and housing price is crucial for a cautious infrastructure development. The benefits of improved roads and faster access could be capitalized in appreciating the housing stock. Estimating the slope of the bid-rent curve is one possible ex ante quantification of the benefits of a public development.Originality/valueOne contribution of this research is providing empirical evidence to surprisingly limited applied work in the field of (monocentric) urban models using data from the CEE region. Second, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to investigate Hungarian settlement-level unit prices from an urban economic point of view.
Religiosity scale development
Authors: Mohd Dali Nuradli Ridzwan Shah , Yousafzai Shumaila , Abdul Hamid Hanifah 
Published: January 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop an Islamic religiosity measurement which can be applied in many various sectors and fields.Design/methodology/approachThe religiosity measurement developed by the authors had undergone systematic qualitative and quantitative approaches taking into consideration the expert opinion survey in ensuring the measurement content validity and reliability.FindingsThe study found that Islamic religiosity measurement is multi-dimensional. The dimensions found were beliefs and commitment or practice.Research limitations/implicationsThe research limitation of the study is that the research is in its exploratory stages and needs to be replicated and to be tested in different contextual settings.Originality/valueThe instrument was developed through a rigorous systematic database search, qualitative and quantitative scale development stages which can be used as the basis in measuring Islamic religiosity.
Disturbance analysis and performance test of the polarization sensor based on polarizing beam splitter
Authors: Yang Jian , Niu Ben , Du Tao , Liu Xin , Wang Shanpeng , Guo Lei 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
Multiple-source disturbances exist in the polarization sensor, which severely affect the sensor accuracy and stability. Hence, the disturbance analysis plays a vital role in improving the sensor orientation performance. This paper aims to present a novel sensor error model, a disturbances quantitative analysis, a calibration and performance test of polarization sensor based on a polarizing beam splitter.

Design/methodology/approach
By combining with the sensor coefficient errors, the Azimuth of Polarization (AoP) error model and the Degree of Polarization (DoP) error model are established, respectively. In addition, the multiple-source disturbances are classified, while the influence on the orientation accuracy is quantitative analyzed. Moreover, the least square optimization algorithm is employed to calibrate the sensor coefficients. Finally, an outdoor test is carried out to test the sensor long-term accuracy.

Findings
The theoretical analysis and numerical simulations illustrate that the sensor accuracy is closely related to the disturbances. To eliminate the influence of the disturbances, the least square optimization algorithm, which can minimize the sum of squares of the residual difference of AoP and DoP, is used to calibrate the sensor coefficients. The outdoor test indicates that the sensor can maintain long-term accuracy and stability.

Originality/value
The main contribution of this paper is to establish a novel sensor error model, where the sensor coefficient errors are introduced. In addition, the disturbances are classified and analyzed to evaluate the orientation accuracy of the sensor.
Assessing the effect of predator control on an endangered goose population subjected to predator‐mediated food web dynamics
Authors: Marolla Filippo , Aarvak Tomas , Øien Ingar J. , Mellard Jarad P. , Henden John‐André , Hamel Sandra , Stien Audun , Tveraa Torkild , Yoccoz Nigel G. , Ims Rolf A. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAssessing the effectiveness of conservation actions to halt population declines is challenging when confounded by other factors. We assessed whether culling of red fox, a predator currently increasing in number in the sub‐Arctic, contributed to recent recovery of the critically endangered Fennoscandian population of Lesser White‐fronted GooseAnser erythropus, while controlling for potentially confounding food web dynamics.Using 19 years of data, 10 before and 9 after the implementation of annual red fox culling, we estimated the effect of this action on annual performance of the goose population. We corrected for the potentially confounding effects of cyclic rodent dynamics and semi‐domestic reindeer carrion abundance, both of which are expected to trigger predator functional and numerical responses, as well as for annual variation in spring phenology.Goose reproductive success fluctuated in synchrony with the rodent cycle and was negatively related to abundant carrion. When accounting for these aspects of food web dynamics, there was no evidence for an effect of red fox culling on reproductive success. There was, however, a tendency for fox culling to increase adult survival.Our analysis suggests that goose performance in their breeding area is influenced by fluctuating offspring predation, mediated by mainly natural (rodents) and partly anthropogenic (semi‐domestic reindeer) dynamic components of the food web.Synthesis and applications. The effect of a decade‐long red fox culling on goose reproductive success and survival is currently uncertain, despite predation driving reproductive success through changes in rodent and reindeer carrion abundance. New management actions may consist of regulation of reindeer herd sizes and/or removal of carcasses to reduce the subsidizing effect of reindeer carrion on mesopredators. Getting robust evidence regarding the impact of red fox culling on population recovery depends on continuing research to disentangle food web dynamics and efficiency of management actions.
Novice occupational therapists: Navigating complex practice contexts in South Africa
Authors: van Stormbroek Kirsty , Buchanan Helen 
Published: January 2019

Background/aimThe transition from student to occupational therapy practitioner is challenging. In South Africa, this transition is undertaken in rural and underserved areas, as graduate health professionals are deployed by the government for a year of compulsory Community Service. This study set out to establish the characteristics of these practice settings, the resources available for occupational therapy services, the availability and quality of supervision, and participants’ perceived ability to communicate with their patients and negotiate cultural differences.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey design was utilised and a questionnaire was sent to all occupational therapists completing Community Service in 2013 (N = 240). Data were analysed using Stata 12 and IBM SPSS Statistics 21.0. Frequencies and percentages were calculated for categorical variables and associations tested with Odds Ratios and the Pearson's Chi square test. Responses to open‐ended questions were post‐coded.ResultsA 44.3% (n = 103) response rate was achieved. Practice settings often provided few resources. Although most participants had supervisors (89.6%), many did not find supervision satisfactory (65.9%). Communication difficulties featured strongly (73.9%), but the majority of participants felt they possessed basic cultural competence.ConclusionParticipants worked within complex practice settings that were frequently resource‐restricted with less than satisfactory supervision. Practice required cultural competence and an ability to work across language barriers. Undergraduate curricula need to be tailored to equip new graduates to navigate these contextual realities. Furthermore, human resourcing strategies need to be evaluated and effective supervision and support structures need to be developed.
Dormancy and germination strategies of a desert winter annual Echinops gmelini Turcz. in a temperate desert of China
Authors: Wang YanLi , Li XinRong , Liu LiChao , Zhao JieCai , Song Guang , Zhou YuanYuan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractEchinops gmelini Turcz. is an annual Asteraceae species widely distributed in the desert habitats of northern China. However, little is known about how this species adapts to harsh desert habitats. In this study, E. gmelini germination behaviors were observed in a natural population at the southeastern edge of the Tengger Desert. In addition, the effects of temperature, light, hydration–dehydration (H–D) cycles and different storage conditions on seed germination were tested in the laboratory. E. gmelini behaves as a winter annual, and its seeds germinate during the summer and early autumn in the field. Fresh seeds have non‐deep physiological dormancy (PD). A 15‐day dry storage treatment under laboratory conditions was required to break PD. Non‐dormant seeds can germinate rapidly and at a high rate in light at 30/20°C. Dry storage with seasonal temperature changes had little effect on seed germination and dormancy. However, under natural field conditions, greater and faster germination at a wide range of temperatures was observed after seeds were stored for 1–2 months, which allows seeds to germinate during short periods of moisture availability; seeds were induced into secondary dormancy after storage for 3 months which may prevent germination in autumn. Furthermore, seed germination was reduced and became faster after exposure to four or more H–D cycles. Our results suggest that precipitation is the key factor in determining E. gmelini seed germination time in natural habitats, and they provide information about the strategies that annual plants need to adapt to climatically unpredictable environments in temperate deserts.
Real‐time polymerase chain reaction assays for environmental DNA detection of three salmonid fish in Hokkaido, Japan: Application to winter surveys
Authors: Minamoto Toshifumi , Hayami Kana , Sakata Masayuki K. , Imamura Akio 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDolly Varden (Salvelinus malma) and Whitespotted Char (Salvelinus leucomaenis) are representative native fish of the family Salmonidae that inhabit the upper reaches of rivers on Hokkaido Island, Japan. They are threatened by the invasive Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). In this study, environmental DNA (eDNA) real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays to detect these three salmonids were developed and used to clarify the distribution pattern of these fish. A specificity test for each assay was conducted using DNA extracted from both target and closely related fish, and the specificity of each assay was confirmed. Then, we carried out eDNA surveys in two mountainous rivers around Mt. Daisetsu in winter, when snow depth was maximized. In the winter surveys, eDNA of all three species were successfully detected from river water samples, including under‐ice water samples. The results of eDNA detection corresponded with the results of an earlier distribution survey performed with Japanese‐style fly‐fishing and lure‐fishing. These results suggested that the eDNA assays developed in this study are applicable for inter‐seasonal surveys for these species.
Acid rain decelerates the decomposition of Cunninghamia lanceolata needle and Cinnamomum camphora leaf litters in a karst region in China
Authors: Tang Li , Lin Yonghui , He Xingbing , Han Guomin 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAcid rain is generally believed to inhibit litter decomposition, but this inhibition effect often depends on local soil environmental factors such as nutrient and physicochemical property. Karst ecosystem is typically characterized by rich CaCO3, which can potentially react with H+ from acid rain. However, it is unknown whether the effect of acid rain on litter decomposition will be mitigated by this potential reaction. To investigate the effect of acid rain on decomposition, we undertook a field experiment on the decomposition of litters of Cunninghamia lanceolata needle and Cinnamomum camphora leaf during 1 year in a karst region in subtropical China. Contrary to hypothesis, litter decomposition was significantly decelerated by acid rain for the two litter types. For C. lanceolata litter, at the end of incubation, we noted that moderate acid rain resulted in the highest loss in mass (43%), while severe one showed the lowest loss (39%); for C. camphora litter, the mass loss was as follows: ambient treatment (66%) > moderate treatment (56%) > severe treatment (42%). Also microbial activities (including CO2 flux, fungal biomass and microbial degrading enzymes) showed similar variation patterns among acid rain treatments to mass loss. These responses indicated that the deceleration effect of acid rain on litter decomposition did not depend on calcareous soil as well as litter quality. Together, these results suggest that acid rain had a predominant controlling of litter decomposition over soil and litter qualities, and this information may be useful for predicting functional responses of karst ecosystem to environmental factors.
Relationship between soil properties and leaf functional traits in early secondary succession of tropical montane cloud forest
Authors: Hernández‐Vargas Guadalupe , Sánchez‐Velásquez Lázaro R. , López‐Acosta Juan C. , Noa‐Carrazana Juan C. , Perroni Yareni 
Published: January 2019

AbstractRecognizing soil properties associated with the plant strategy in relation to use and acquisition of resources during early secondary succession (ESS) is an important issue in plant ecology. We analyzed the relationship between 10 leaf functional traits (LFTs) and 17 soil properties including soil nutrients, transformation flows and pH along a plant chronosequence spanning first 40 years of ESS in a tropical mountain cloud forest. To recognize the multivariate variation of soil properties, a principal component analysis (PCA) was performed. The first axis of PCA was mainly associated with soil pH, P, Ca, Mg, K, C:N and N transformation flow, and this first axis was tightly associated with vegetation ages. The community weighted mean of the LFTs was also associated with vegetation ages. In particular, leaf P declined while leaf density, C, C:P and N:P increased with vegetation ages. Our analyses suggest associations between soil properties (the first axis of the PCA) and the LFTs (leaf area, leaf thickness, leaf density, leaf C, leaf C:P and leaf N:P) over the plant chronosequence. A fast acquisition strategy was observed in the younger sites and a resource conservation strategy in the older sites. Our results highlight the possible importance of changes in soil properties along secondary succession on plant functional traits in tropical cloud forest.
Either or? Reconciling Findings on Mental Health and Extremism using a Dimensional Rather than Categorical Paradigm
Authors: Gøtzsche‐Astrup Oluf , Lindekilde Lasse 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe background for this paper is the debate over what role mental illness plays in radicalization to violent extremism. While one camp points to cases of abnormal functioning of perpetrators, another argues that normal psychological mechanisms are central. Through a review of these perspectives, it becomes clear that mental illness cannot be ruled out as an epi‐phenomenon, but is not a necessary condition either. The paper draws on work in psychiatric nosology on dimensional and categorical conceptions of illness and argues that the perspectives in this literature reflect a categorical approach to normal and abnormal functioning. Under a dimensional perspective, findings converge. The paper concludes by showing how this new dimensional approach to the role of mental illness in radicalization has implications for the design of risk assessment tools and leads to the recommendation for stronger inter‐agency cooperation between mental health professionals, social services, and police and intelligence services.
How Quickly Do Firms Adjust to Optimal Levels of Tax Avoidance?
Authors: Kim Jaewoo , McGuire Sean T. , Savoy Steven , Wilson Ryan , Caskey Judson 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTThe trade‐off literature asserts that managers weigh the direct benefits of tax avoidance against the associated nontax costs. This literature implies each firm has a unique optimal level of tax avoidance that balances these costs and benefits. Our study is the first to document how quickly the average firm moves toward its optimal level of tax avoidance. We find that the typical firm converges toward its optimum at a rate that ranges from approximately 69 to 84 percent over a three‐year period, depending upon model specifications. Consistent with asymmetric levels of frictions across the tax avoidance distribution, we find the speed of adjustment is greater for firms below their optimal level of tax avoidance than for firms above. We perform additional cross‐sectional analyses to provide insight into some of the frictions that prevent firms from adjusting completely to their optimal level of tax avoidance. We generally find growth firms exhibit slower adjustment speeds and provide limited evidence that both multinational firms and income‐mobile firms exhibit faster adjustment speeds.