bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Creation of trout farms on the basis of power plant water cooler reservoirs
Authors: Kalayda M L , Dementiev D S 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Increase of production of fish by traditional methods, based primarily on the extensive use of natural resources, has certain natural limitations.The limiting factors are land, water and the environment. Considering this fact, the perspective expansion of industrial farms, provided with superintensive technologies, is actual. The role of abiotic environmental factors in the life of fish is enormous. For example, the water temperature determines the intensity of metabolism and is a natural stimulus determining the begining of spawning migration of fish. Water temperature has a very important influence on the life of the organism, particularly on the metabolic processes, the behavior and dispersion of organisms. Water quality is one of the most important factors stimulating the development of water biotechnology. In this regard, we explored the physical and-chemical features of the Volga water from the viewpoint of the trout-breeding. The analysis revealed that the water does not fully meet the required water quality for trout ponds. Characteristics as pH, absence of hydrogen sulfide meet the requirements; such indicators as permanganate and bichromate oxidation, BPK5, ammonium ion, nitrates and nitrites, oxygen content are noted exceeding the standard values for trout farms. Power engineering and fish farming are connected closely – power plants contribute to the creation of favorable conditions for the cultivation of commercial fish, including valuable and fish-breeding complexes based on water coolers help to improve their environmental condition. At the same time in Russia in recent years, this industry is beginning to receive attention it deserves. The experience of Western countries shows a new direction of the industry development: in the previous period the favorable conditions for growing and breeding fish were created on the basis of the warm water for increasing production capacity of energy enterprises due to energy production and fish production, nowadays the power plants are built at fish-breeding enterprises in order to optimize costs and increase profitability of fish production.
Pasture and industrial aquaculture as actual elements of the use of hydro and heat power facilities
Authors: Kalayda M L , Khamitova M F , Kalayda A A 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Aquaculture products provide about 58% of the total production of aquatic ecosystems. The global trend of population growth, increasing the press on the environment, the requirements for improving the quality of life and consuming products make the trend of growth in aquaculture products sustainable both in the world and in Russia. The role of abiotic environmental factors in the life of fish is enormous. Thus, the water temperature determines the intensity of metabolism and is a natural stimulus determining the onset of spawning migration of fish. The water temperature has a very important effect on the vital activity of the organism, in particular, on metabolic processes, on the behavior and distribution of organisms. Since the beginning of the 20th century, aquaculture has been closely linked to the development of energy. At the first stage - with hydropower, and then with thermal power. If the use of water reservoirs - hydropower facilities is based on extensive technologies that are related to pasture aquaculture, aquaculture farms - live fish farms - highly intensive industrial farms. These areas of aquaculture development coexist and complement each other. Modern pasture fish farming today is not possible without the release of valuable species of fish to form a species composition of ichthyocenoses. At the same time, the development of highly industrial commodity farms implies the use as a brood of individuals of valuable species of fish seized from the natural environment to improve the genetic characteristics of juveniles. At the present time, there is an increase in the range of fish grown due to the use of warm waste waters of energy facilities.
Features of the physicochemical water state of reservoirs of energy facilities
Authors: Kalayda M L , Gordeeva M E 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In a time when increasing anthropogenic impact on the environment, particularly on the water ecosystems, determine the water status of reservoirs (by physicochemical and biotic indicators) in order to highlight priorities at the field of water protection and management is the urgent question. In this case, the particular significance has lakes located within megalopolis and which is multiple-use objects. The article discusses in detail how to change temperature condition of basin-cooler of heating plant: vertical and horizontal. As a result of analysis of physicochemical indicators the water quality index is displayed. Index allows you to estimate the water quality by the rate of pollution through the use of perspective an integrated indicator-total antioxidant activity. Special attention is given to such physicochemical indicator as redox potential.
Biochemical effects of molecular hydrogen in aqueous systems
Authors: Lapin A A , Kalayda A A , Filippov S D , Zelenkov V N 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Activated water - such water, in which the structural network of hydrogen bonds loosens, water molecules acquire additional degrees of freedom, which facilitates the assimilation of such activated water by the cells of living organisms and accelerates the removal of biological slags. The essence of water activation is the destruction of cluster structures to saturate water with monomolecules. The cluster of activated water contains 5-6 molecules (ordinary water 13-16 molecules). Such water is considered more active in terms of biophysical and biological indicators. Water, activated in any way, has a high fluidity (has a low surface tension) and a dissolving power. Water with micronized clusters has higher reactive properties, better penetrates through biological membranes, is quickly excreted from the body. Effectively replaces and supplements all kinds of cleansing food supplements and physiotherapeutic procedures. Used for complex purification of the body: neutralization and excretion of slags, toxins, carcinogens and radionuclides. The paper considers experimental data on the determination of the total antioxidant activity of water systems saturated with hydrogen using the coulometric method of analysis, with the water having the highest increase in activity up to 20 times. We studied the functional drink “Arkhyz + Antioxidant = Zhivitsa”, all the ingredients that make up it have a natural origin. Saturation of the drink with hydrogen leads to an insignificant increase in the total antioxidant activity (by 16.5% rel.). The presence of active organic compounds in water leads to a decrease in the effect of hydrogen on the total antioxidant activity, probably due to a change in the structure of its aggregates consisting of a different number of molecules.
Influence of IR radiation on the process of phytoremediation of copper by eichhornia
Authors: Politaeva N.A. , Olshanskaya L.N. , Ovchinnikov F.A. , Sverguzova S.V. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The effect of infrared irradiation on the process of higher water plants phytoremediation of heavy metal ions is in the focus of this study. The influence of various factors (initial concentration of the solution, duration of the irradiation) on the extraction of copper by eichhornia is discussed.
Application of fuzzy neural network for estimating the intensity of insulation aging of cable lines
Authors: Biryulin V.I. , Gorlov A.N. , Larin O.M. , Kudelina D.V. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The article considers the issues of forecasting the state of insulation of cable lines. It is shown that the insulation state is influenced by a large number of factors, some of which are indeterminate and can not be expressed in the quantitative form. It was proposed to use a fuzzy neural network for predicting the state of insulation, which ensures processing both quantitative and qualitative information, which makes it possible to obtain more valid results, in comparison with the use of only quantitative information.
Analysis of the change impact in the share of generation from HPPs in the structure of the unified power system energy balance to residential tariff
Authors: Novikova O V , Grushkin A N , Khrebtenko I S , Yudina N A 
Published: July 2019

Annotation
The paper analyzes the structure of the energy balance of the Russian Federation for power systems, draws conclusions on the impact of HPPs in the structure of electricity generation on the price of electricity for ultimate customers. The influence of the construction of new hydropower stations on the development of waterways is considered.
Prospects for the rational use of the resource potential of the Russian hydropower engineering
Authors: Novikova O.V. , Kamenik L.L. , Furtatova A.S. , Denisova P.I. , Dunaeva T.Y. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The following aspects of development have been identified based on the introspective approach: conditions for the sustainable development of hydropower, hydropower and ecology, hydropower and scientific and technical development, development of the social environment and human capital. On this basis, the conditions and principles of sustainable long-term development of the industry are determined. The analysis made it possible to formulate recommendations on targeted long-term proposals for the development of the industry in the areas analyzed.
Determination of additional factors in assessing the reliability of heat supply systems
Authors: Akhmetova I G , Kalyutik A A , Fedukhin A V , Derevianko O V , Mukhametova L R 
Published: July 2019

AnnotationAs a result of the research, additional factors that significantly influenced the reliability of the consumers’ heat supply were assessed, an assessment of the influence of these factors on the reliability of the operation of the heat network was made. The influence of additional factors is taken into account when developing a new methodology and algorithm for calculating the reliability of consumers’ heat supply; a program for calculating the reliability of consumers’ heat supply was developed.
Experimental and numerical studies in elaboration the multi-cyclone with filter cells to processing of flue-gases of coal-fired and incineration power plants
Authors: Belyaeva G I , Ziganshin M G , Sukhov R D 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Currently, in various industries for both sanitary and technological treatment of heterogeneous flows, as a rule, several devices are used that consistently provide the coarse and fine stages of gas clean up. For example, to prevent the penetration of mechanical (solid and liquid) impurities to the measurement instruments, regulation, control and automation at compressor stations of gas transmission systems the gas cleaning units are setup. They consist of two types of apparatus - cyclone dust collectors and filters. Similar gas cleaning devices are at booster compressor stations of TPPs. In this paper, we consider the effectiveness of using a multi-cyclone apparatus for such purposes, the elements of which combine both stages of cleanup. The problem of finding the optimal arrangement in the apparatus of cyclone elements with tangential inlet branch pipe is solved. A numerical model of the multi-cyclone is created and several variants of the arrangement of elements are considered. The most effective arrangement was determined taking into account the total hydraulic resistance of the apparatus and the trajectories of the motion of suspended particles.
Heat transfer in coiled type superheater of moisture separator-reheater of turbines at the nuclear power plant
Authors: Egorov Mikle , Kalyutik A.A. , Akhmetova I. G. , Makoev S.O. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The reheating part of the moisture separator-reheater (MSR) of nuclear power plant (NPP) steam turbine occupies a significant part of MSR volume and requires large consumption of metal. The superheating of low pressure steam provides by the high pressure steam condensation. This steam supplies partly from turbine inlet and partly from turbine stage bleeding because of two superheater stages. The significantly less heat transfer intensity at the single-phase side of reheater comparatively with condensation side requires intensification of heat transfer from the heated-steam. For such goal the different methods can be used: for instance the cross flow of the coiled tubes and finning of straight tubes bundles. Also is perspective the usage of artificial roughness in form of small “moons” and other types of artificial roughnesses.
Analysis of the Stirling engine to identify the impact of various design parameters on the efficiency of its operation as part of an autonomous power complex based on renewable energy sources
Authors: Gaponenko A M , Kagramanova A A 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The opportunity of application of Stirling engine with non-conventional and renewable sources of energy. The advantage of such use. It has been established that the four input parameters, the only parameter which can be easily changed during operation, and which effectively affects the operation of the engine is the phase difference. Dependence of work per cycle of the phase difference, called the phase characteristic, visually illustrates mode of operation of Stirling engine. The mathematical model of the cycle of Schmidt and the analysis of operation of Stirling engine in the approach of Schmidt with the aid of numerical analysis. To conduct numerical experiments designed program feature in the language MathLab. The results of numerical experiments are illustrated by graphical charts.
Dynamic packing for heat and mass exchange processes
Authors: Golovanchikov A.B. , Merentsov N.A. , Topilin M.V. , Persidskiy A.V. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Data of experimental study of hydrodynamics, heat and mass transfer of dynamic packing and some comparative characteristics of the packed device with packing, which have wide industrial application, are given in the article.
Increasing the energy efficiency of the cycle of heat treatment of aluminum ingots
Authors: Gorshenin A S , Rakhimova J I , Krasnova N P 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Heat treatment of aluminum ingots is a fairly energy-intensive production. Therefore, increasing energy efficiency in such processes plays an important role in reducing economic costs. The mathematical model of heat exchange occurring in the cooling chamber of aluminum ingots after homogenization annealing is considered. The model obtained made it possible to study the heat transfer in the cooling chamber. To improve energy efficiency and reduce economic costs, options for recycling hot air from the cooling chamber are offered. The estimation of economic efficiency from use of each of variants carried out.
Reduction of the technological minimum by bypass method with environmental impact estimation on the example of energy blocks with T-100 and T-250/300-240 turbines
Authors: Kalyutik A.A. , Grigorieva D.V. , Fedyukhin A.V. , Derevianko O.V. , Akhmetova I. G. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The article describes existing methods of reducing the technological minimum with a quantitative assessment of reducing emissions of pollutants at the CHP using the method of bypass. With the help of specialized program complex the efficiency of the method has been analysed on the example of the power units at Yuzhnaya CHP-22 and CHP-21 JSC “TGC-1” with turbines T-250/300-240 and T-100-130. The article provides guidelines for the range of application of this method as well.
Selection of optimum inclination angle of a nozzle at circulatory heating of fuel oil in the RVS-3000 tank
Authors: Kamalov R.F. , Karaeva J.V. , Vildanov R.R. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The paper presents the mathematical model and the numerical studies results of heat transfer and hydrodynamics at circulatory heating of the M100 fuel oil in the RVS-3000 tank. Calculations for various inclination angles of the nozzle in the range of 40° to -40° in increments of 10° were made. The winter storage period of fuel oil in the fuel tank is considered. Comparison of the tank heating time up to the hot storage temperature (60°C) and up to the fuel temperature before feeding to the nozzles for combustion (90°C) is performed.
Granulated biofuels combustion efficiency
Authors: Lyubov V K , Popova E I , Popov A N 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The article presents the results of experimental studies of the thermal and ecological performance of the Firematic 60 boiler manufactured by Herz Energietechnik GmbH. Wood pellets with diameter of 6 and 8 mm and biochar from hydrolytic lignin were used for combustion. The components of the boiler’s heat balance and the emission of harmful substances were determined during the burning of the biofuels. In the course of experimental work high energy and environmental performance of the Firematic 60 boiler was reached while working on granulated fuel which gives a reason to recommend this boiler for heat supply of low-rise buildings in the conditions of the Arctic region. Organized in Onega City production of biocahar from hydrolytic lignin allowed to obtain high-quality fuel from biomass that has remained in dumps for 40-60 years. Experimental data on the change in the apparent and bulk density, mechanical durability of wood pellets thermally pretreated for 90 minutes in an electric furnace without oxygen at temperatures of 200, 250, 275 and 300 °C was obtained. It has shown that with an increase in the temperature of wood pellet torrefaction all these parameters decrease. The influence of the torrefaction process parameters of the hydrolytic lignin on the sorption properties of the biochar has been studied; sorption properties have been compared for the granules produced from the hydrolytic lignin and coniferous wood.
Effect of ultrasonic treatment on the sorption properties of the pyrolysis product of sludge
Authors: Nasyrov I A , Mavrin G V , Shaikhiev I G , Terentyeva V V 
Published: July 2019

AnnotationIn the article, the object of the study is a sorption material obtained by low-temperature pyrolysis from a sludge of a biological sewage treatment, and processed by ultrasound. Ultrasonic treatment is one of the methods for improving sorption characteristics by increasing the specific surface area. The adsorption capacity of pyrolysis products by methylene blue on a UNICO 2800 spectrophotometer and iodine by the titrimetric method was studied. An increase in sorption activity after ultrasonic treatment on the sorption material was found: by 2.3 times for methylene blue, 2.5 times for iodine. Sorption properties with respect to iron, copper, nickel, and zinc ions under static conditions using the atomic-emission spectrometry method with inductively coupled plasma on the Agilent 720-OES spectrometer were studied. The degree of extraction of heavy metal ions using the pyrolysis product of sludge after ultrasonic treatment reaches: for Fe – 98.7%, Ni – 84.4%, Cu – 90.5%, and Zn – 95.2%. Ultrasonic treatment with a frequency of 35 kHz for 30 minutes allows to increase the sorption capacity of the product of pyrolysis of mud sediments by Ni ions by 2.4 times, Cu - 1.2 times, Zn - 1.7 times.
Degassing of water with exhaust gases of the boiler
Authors: Sharapov V I , Kamalova R I 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
A method for degassing the make-up water is described, the feature of which is the use of the exhaust gases of the boiler after the smoke exhauster as a desorbing agent. In the exhaust gases of the boiler, there is a small portion of corrosive oxygen, due to the fact that all oxygen is consumed in the combustion process in the furnace. The problem of the possible saturation of the deaerated water with carbon dioxide due to its increased content in the boiler waste gases is solved by dispensing the alkaline agent into the make-up water. The mass exchange efficiency of the make-up water degassing by the proposed method is estimated, the required specific consumption of the exhaust gases for deaeration is theoretically calculated. It is shown that the consumption of the desorbing agent, which is the exhaust gas, is sufficient for degassing practically any quantities of nutrient and make-up water.
About the intensification of convective heat transfer from combustion products to the walls of a cylindrical shaped pulsing combustion chamber
Authors: Sitnikov O.R. , Pavlov G.I. , Khakimzyanova Y.I. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Franke’s critical dependence determines the theoretical relationship for the numbers Nu for pulsating and stationary flow regimes. It is based on the heat exchange intensification hypothesis due to the interaction of the pulsating velocity profile and the boundary layer near the heating surface. The article presents the results of studies to test the efficiency of the Franke’s ratio for a given range of pulsed combustion chamber diameters, as well as to determine the influence of the geometric parameters of the chamber on the convective heat transfer from the combustion products to the walls of the chamber
The study of the temperature field in pebble beds with volumetric heating and radial flow of coolant
Authors: Smorchkova Yu V , Varava A N , Dedov A V , Zakharenkov A V , Komov A T 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The paper presents the results of an experimental and numerical study of hydrodynamics and heat transfer in a pebble bed with internal volumetric heat release. An experimental setup was designed to investigate the hydrodynamics and heat transfer at the radial flow of a single-phase coolant. The pebble bed was set from 2.0 mm diameter sphere made of AISI 420 steel. The internal heat release model in the pebble bed is provided by high-frequency induction heating, whereby the thermal power of the high-frequency installation is 20 kW. The experiments were carried out in the range of mass flow rates of 0.1 - 0.6 kg/s. The test section simulates the fuel assembly of a nuclear reactor with microfuel. Pebbles are placed between the inner and outer perforated covers. Radial coolant flow is achieved to minimize pressure losses. The inner cover is cone-shaped and is the dispensing manifold for the coolant. The conical shape of the cover provides a uniform flow rate of the cooling liquid along the length of the test section. The temperature distribution in the pebbles were recorded.
Optimization of combined heat and power plant operating mode by means of underutilized equipment mothball
Authors: Sukhareva Evgeniya , Fedyukhin Alexander , Derevianko Oleg , Egorov Mikle , Mukhametova Liliya , Akhmetova Irina 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis work makes it possible to link ground rules for thermal and electrical energy markets with generation plant operating. Here we consider various procedures for optimization of combined heat and power plant operating mode by means of underutilized equipment mothball. This work results in process flow diagrams for turbine hall and relative increment charts, which can be used for plant loading in the optimal way.
Increasing the efficiency of energy use in the thermal scheme of a steam boiler house
Authors: Valiev R N , Ziganshin Sh G , Maryashev A V 
Published: July 2019

Annotation
This article discusses the issues of increasing the efficiency of energy use in the thermal scheme steamed boiler house. A positive effect is achieved by transforming the excess energy of water vapor into electricity and avoiding the use of steam at the stage of heating the raw water.
Scheme of joint operation of an absorption heat pump and combined-cycle plant
Authors: Valiev R N , Ziganshin Sh G , Maryashev A V 
Published: July 2019

Annotation
In this paper, we propose and consider a scheme for the combined operation of an absorption heat pump and a combined-cycle plant. A computational study was carried out and the results confirming the effectiveness of the scheme were obtained. The heat power of the gas heater of the network water due to the inclusion of an absorption heat pump is increased by 12-14% from its previous value.