bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hochfluss‐Hochselektivitäts‐MOF‐Membran: Geträgerte MIL‐160‐Schicht für die Trennung der Xylolisomere durch Pervaporation
Authors: Wu Xiaocao , Wei Wan , Jiang Jianwen , Caro Jürgen , Huang Aisheng 
Published: September 2018

AbstractDie Abtrennung von p‐Xylol (kinetischer Durchmesser ∼0.58 nm) von seinen sperrigeren Isomeren o‐ und m‐Xylol (∼0.68 nm) ist ein hochaktuelles Trennproblem der petrolchemischen Industrie. Wir entwickelten eine hochselektive und langzeitstabile geträgerte Molekularsiebmembran auf Basis der metall‐organischen Gerüststruktur MIL‐160 für die selektive Abtrennung von p‐Xylol von seinen Isomeren durch Pervaporation. Die Porenweite von MIL‐160 beträgt etwa 0.5∼0.6 nm. Damit kann p‐Xylol die Molekularsiebmembran ungehindert passieren, die sperrigeren Isomere jedoch nicht. Für die Trennung eines binären äquimolaren flüssigen p‐/o‐Xylol‐Gemisches wurde bei 75 °C der relativ hohe p‐Xylolfluss von 467 g m−2 h−1 mit einer p‐/o‐Xylol‐Selektivität von 38.5 gemessen. Aufgrund der vergleichsweise hohen Stabilität von MIL‐160 blieb diese Trennleistung während einer 24‐h‐Langzeitmessung erhalten. Diese Kombination von guter Trennleistung und hoher Stabilität machen geträgerte MIL‐160‐Membranen für eine technische Xylol‐Trennung interessant.
Polymerizing Like Mussels Do: Toward Synthetic Mussel Foot Proteins and Resistant Glues
Authors: Horsch Justus , Wilke Patrick , Pretzler Matthias , Seuss Maximilian , Melnyk Inga , Remmler Dario , Fery Andreas , Rompel Annette , Börner Hans G. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA novel strategy to generate adhesive protein analogues by enzyme‐induced polymerization of peptides is reported. Peptide polymerization relies on tyrosinase oxidation of tyrosine residues to Dopaquinones, which rapidly form cysteinyldopa‐moieties with free thiols from cysteine residues, thereby linking unimers and generating adhesive polymers. The resulting artificial protein analogues show strong adsorption to different surfaces, even resisting hypersaline conditions. Remarkable adhesion energies of up to 10.9 mJ m−2 are found in single adhesion events and average values are superior to those reported for mussel foot proteins that constitute the gluing interfaces.
Construction of Heterostructured Fe2O3‐TiO2 Microdumbbells for Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation
Authors: Zhang Peng , Yu Le , Lou Xiong Wen (David) 
Published: September 2018

AbstractDesigning advanced structures for heterojunction photocatalysts is an effective approach to enhance their performance toward solar‐energy conversion. Herein we develop a facile synthetic strategy for the fabrication of Fe2O3‐TiO2 microdumbbells. With the assistance of preferentially adsorbed hexadecylamine molecules, amorphous TiO2 nanospheres with tunable size are grown at the two ends of Fe‐based metal–organic compound microrods. Subsequent annealing of the hybrid obtained leads to the formation of a novel heterostructured Fe2O3‐TiO2 microdumbbell photocatalyst. Owing to the heterojunction formed and the unique structure, Fe2O3‐TiO2 microdumbbells with optimized composition and morphology show enhanced performance for photoelectrochemical water oxidation, compared to monophasic Fe2O3 and TiO2 materials as well as physical mixtures thereof.
Purification of the Ester Phase by Water Extraction in Biodiesel Production
Authors: Zlatar Vuk , Obranović Marko 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWater extraction is an effective method for removal of impurities from the post‐transesterification reaction product in biodiesel production. It is commonly used in downstream processing alongside evaporation/distillation and filtration. The effects of process parameters on biodiesel purity, biodiesel loss, and capacity of water extraction were investigated. Soaps were found to be key impurities, which significantly influenced the process and are the only emulsifier species that have an impact on the process. The acid value of biodiesel after water extraction was dependent on the initial soap content. Difficulties with soaps can be solved by adding an adequate amount of citric acid (0.01–0.10%) in wash water. The effects of temperature, pH of water extract, and mixing were investigated. Higher temperature (>25 °C) and higher pH (>7.0) increased biodiesel loss during the extraction. Higher pH and lower temperature increased the ester content. With an optimal amount of citric acid in the wash water, high intensity mixing (>1.0 kW m−3) is desired for the most effective purification. Correlation for calculation of an optimal amount of citric acid based on the desired pH of extract, the ratio of wash water to ester, and the initial soap content in ester was found. Excess hydrolysis of biodiesel during extraction was not observed. For the first time, engineering aspects of process‐settling time, and mixing parameters and their influence on removal of impurities and subsequent separation were determined. Optimal mixing power per unit of volume was 2.25 kW m−3, mixing time 2.5 min, and settling time 30 min. From the results and data obtained, an optimal system for water extraction of crude biodiesel was also proposed.
Heat‐activated pressure sensitive adhesives for linerless labels
Authors: Einsla Melinda , Griffith William , Himmelberger Daniel , Zolynski Sarah , Zhang Sipei , Powell Terri , Malotky David 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTPressure‐sensitive adhesives (PSAs) suitable for use in label applications without a silicone‐coated release liner (so‐called “linerless” labels) were developed utilizing heat‐activated adhesive formulations comprised of dispersed styrenic block copolymers (SIS), dispersed plasticizers, and dispersed tackifiers. Various grades of SIS were investigated, as well as several different dispersants. The best results were obtained with an SIS polymer with 19% diblock dispersed with a long‐chain primary carboxylic acid. Of the four plasticizers studied, sucrose benzoate resulted in the best combination of high peel and low blocking in the end‐use application. Peel forces upwards of 10 N/25 cm were obtained for the heat‐activated adhesive, indicating their applicability for many label applications. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47048.
Regeneration of highland papaya (Vasconcellea pubescens) from anther culture
Authors: Chong‐Pérez Borys , Carrasco Basilio , Silva Herman , Herrera Francisca , Quiroz Karla , Garcia‐Gonzales Rolando 
Published: September 2018

Premise of the StudyVasconcellea pubescens is an important Caricaceae species cultivated in several countries of South America. The objective of this study was to investigate different media compositions and plant growth regulators to induce plant regeneration.MethodsAnthers were cultured in Murashige and Skoog medium with varying concentrations of naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4‐D) plus a cytokinin (N‐(2‐chloro‐4‐pyridyl)‐N′‐phenylurea). The effect of the basal medium supplemented with auxins and cytokinins on shoot regeneration from the induced calli was also evaluated. Addition of maltose to the basal medium was also tested.ResultsThe combination of 0.54 μM NAA and 22.66 μM 2,4‐D induced the highest rate of calli formation. Regeneration via organogenesis was obtained in Murashige and Skoog and Woody Plant Medium supplemented with maltose and containing 8.88 μM 6‐benzylaminopurine, 5.71 μM indoleacetic acid, and 2.28 μM zeatin.DiscussionThe plant regeneration protocol reported here permits the development of haploid and double haploid plants that can be useful for propagation purposes, allow a better molecular understanding of the species, and facilitate the production of new cultivars.
Elucidation of the Sodium–Copper Extrusion Mechanism in CuCrS2: A High Capacity, Long‐Life Anode Material for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Krengel Markus , Hansen Anna‐Lena , Hartmann Felix , van Dinter Jonas , Bensch Wolfgang 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by the group of Prof. Bensch at the inorganic chemistry department of Christian‐Albrechts‐University Kiel (Germany). The image illustrates the copper – sodium extrusion mechanism in CuCrS2 during the first step of sodium uptake. Additionally, the results of ex‐situ X‐ray diffraction measurements and pair distribution function measurements are displayed. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/batt.201800039.
Engineering Artificial Fusion Proteins for Enhanced Methanol Bioconversion
Authors: Fan Liwen , Wang Yu , Tuyishime Philibert , Gao Ning , Li Qinggang , Zheng Ping , Sun Jibin , Ma Yanhe 
Published: September 2018

AbstractMethanol is a low‐cost and abundantly available feedstock derived from natural gas and syngas. Although bioconversion holds promise for producing desired chemicals from methanol under economically viable operating conditions, the efficiency is limited by unfavorable kinetics of methanol oxidation and assimilation. Herein, artificial fusion proteins were engineered to enhance methanol bioconversion. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)‐dependent methanol dehydrogenase (Mdh), 3‐hexulose‐6‐phosphate synthase (Hps) and 6‐phospho‐3‐hexuloisomerase (Phi) from different sources were first screened for catalytic activity. Next, we designed six fusion proteins using the best enzyme candidates and flexible linkers. Fusing Mdh with Hps or Hps‐Phi increased the Vmax of methanol oxidation up to 5.8‐fold, and enhanced methanol conversion to fructose‐6‐phosphate up to 1.3‐fold. Interestingly, fusion engineering changed the polymerization states of proteins and produced larger multimers, which may be responsible for the changed catalytic characteristics. This fusion engineering approach can be coupled with other metabolic engineering strategies for enhanced methanol bioconversion to valuable chemicals.
Bioorthogonal Metalloporphyrin‐Catalyzed Selective Methionine Alkylation in the Lanthipeptide Nisin
Authors: Maaskant Ruben V. , Roelfes Gerard 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBioorthogonal catalytic modification of ribosomally synthesized and post‐translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) is a promising approach to obtaining novel antimicrobial peptides with improved properties and/or activities. Here, we present the serendipitous discovery of a selective and rapid method for the alkylation of methionines in the lanthipeptide nisin. Using carbenes, formed from water‐soluble metalloporphyrins and diazoacetates, methionines are alkylated to obtain sulfonium ions. The formed sulfonium ions are stable, but can be further reacted to obtain functionalized methionine analogues, expanding the toolbox of chemical posttranslational modification even further.
Chemical Strategies for Activating PINK1, a Protein Kinase Mutated in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Lambourne Olivia A. , Mehellou Youcef 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPINK1 is a ubiquitously expressed mitochondrial serine/threonine protein kinase that has emerged as a key player in mitochondrial quality control. This protein kinase came to prominence in the mid‐2000s, when PINK1 mutations were found to cause early onset Parkinson's disease (PD). As most of the PD‐related mutations occurred in the kinase domain and impaired PINK1′s catalytic activity, it was suggested that small molecules that activated PINK1 would maintain mitochondrial quality control and, as a result, have neuroprotective effects. Working on this hypothesis, a few small‐molecule PINK1 activators that offer critical insights and distinct approaches for activating PINK1 have been discovered. Herein, we briefly highlight the discovery of these small molecules and offer insight into the future development of small‐molecule PINK1 activators as potential treatments for PD.
Dosimetric advantages of stereotactic radiosurgery as a boost to adjuvant conventional radiotherapy in the setting of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the parotid with skull base invasion
Authors: Phan Jae L. , Pollard Courtney , Wang He , Ng Sweet Ping , Sheu Tommy , Ginsberg Lawrence E. , Hessel Amy C. , Gidley Paul W. , Rosenthal David I. , Phan Jack 
Published: September 2018

Key Clinical MessageThis study highlights gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery (GK‐SRS) as boost therapy in a patient with adenoid cystic carcinoma of the parotid involving the skull base and invasion of the facial nerve. Using GK‐SRS, dose to the brainstem and temporal lobe were reduced when compared to less conformal radiotherapy techniques.
A case of rabies in a Kano brown doe
Authors: Kaltungo Bilkisu Yunusa , Audu Solomon Wuyah , Salisu Ibrahim , Okaiyeto Solomon Olu , Jahun Balarabe Magaji 
Published: September 2018

Key Clinical MessageThis manuscript aims at creating awareness especially to livestock farmers and veterinarians/clinicians that rabies occurs in livestock species. Furthermore, clinicians should note that the viral load in dog bite cases by rabid dog can be reduced by vigorous washing and disinfection which may ultimately delay the clinical manifestation of rabies.
Not all inflammation in a renal allograft is rejection
Authors: Alquadan Kawther F. , Womer Karl L. , Santos Alfonso H. , Zeng Xu , Koratala Abhilash 
Published: September 2018

Key Clinical MessageHigh index of suspicion for adenovirus infection is required in renal graft dysfunction, especially in the setting of hematuria. Histology can mimic acute rejection, which creates a diagnostic dilemma. Tissue adenovirus immunostains, though usually reliable, may not be always positive like in our case.
Porous Nickel Nano‐Foam by Femtosecond Laser Structuring for Supercapacitor Application
Authors: Lange Karsten , Hördemann Christian , Schulz‐Ruhtenberg Malte , Caro Jürgen 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA focused femtosecond laser beam was scanned across a nickel electrode in a line pattern with different line distances to generate a large electrochemical surface area for charge storage. During the laser structuring process, small metal particles were generated and sintered to a porous foam‐like structure, the so‐called laser‐induced nano‐foam (LINF), which strongly adheres to the substrate surface. The structuring was carried out in argon atmosphere, in order to prevent oxidation of the LINF structure during the structuring process. The topography of the LINF was investigated by scanning electron microscopy and laser scanning microscopy. The electrochemical surface area of the electrodes was determined by cyclic voltammetry based on the charging of the double‐layer. The total capacity of the nickel LINF electrodes was measured by galvanostatic charge‐discharge to test their capability for supercapacitor applications. The surface area enlargement and therefore the total capacity increases with decreasing line distance. The LINF structure provides a surface area enlargement up to a factor of 1600 and a total capacity up to 2 C cm−2.
An Iron‐Based Long‐Lived Catalyst for Direct C−H Arylation of Arenes and Heteroarenes
Authors: Chakraborty Soumi , Ahmed Jasimuddin , Shaw Bikash Kumar , Jose Anex , Mandal Swadhin K. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractDirect C−H arylation of arenes and heteroarenes to biaryls at ambient temperature has been accomplished using a phenalenyl‐supported iron(III) catalyst. The present catalyst requires a chemical reductant such as potassium and functions without any light stimulation. C−H arylation of various heteroarenes including pyridine as well as unactivated arene such as benzene delivered good to excellent yield (28 examples, up to 92 %) at room temperature. A combined effort based on experiments and theoretical calculations established that a phenalenyl‐based radical species (generated by chemical reduction of the iron(III) coordinated phenalenyl complex) plays key role during the catalysis. Furthermore, this catalyst displayed remarkable stability during the catalysis, as evident from the fact that it was still usable over ten consecutive catalytic runs without losing its catalytic efficiency.
A Complex Zeolite Containing Multiple Ring Sizes in a Single Channel: One‐Dimensional Zeolite UZM‐55
Authors: Mowat John P. S. , Miller Mark A. , Galey Melissa M. , Sinkler Wharton , Prabhakar Sesh , Xu Lijun , Nicholas Collette L. , Nicholas Christopher P. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractZeolites are porous aluminosilicate materials utilized in a variety of sorption, separation, and catalytic applications. The oil refining industry in particular has seen a number of significant advances due to the introduction of new technologies enabled by new zeolites. Of particular importance are zeolites with 10‐ or 12‐membered ring pores, resulting in pore shapes and sizes appropriate for the interaction with small hydrocarbon molecules. Here, the synthesis of a new zeolite UZM‐55 is reported and the idealized structure thereof is presented. The most complex structure solved to date, UZM‐55 possesses a large triclinic unit cell containing 52 T‐sites. The material uniquely contains both 10‐ and 12‐membered ring pores in a single, undulating one‐dimensional channel, the first example in a zeolitic material of multiple delimiting rings in a single channel. This discovery opens new opportunities in shape‐selective adsorption and catalysis. Demonstrated here is the unique adsorption behavior of UZM‐55, shown both experimentally and computationally to adsorb one nonane molecule per unit cell in a linear conformation.
Measuring Pain Avoidance‐Like Behavior in Drug‐Dependent Rats
Authors: Pahng Amanda R. , Edwards Scott 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn contrast to their analgesic properties, excessive use of either opioids or alcohol produces a paradoxical emergence of heightened pain sensitivity to noxious stimuli, termed hyperalgesia, which may promote increased use of opioids or alcohol drinking to manage worsening pain symptoms. Hyperalgesia has traditionally been measured in rodents via reflex‐based assays, including the von Frey method. To better model the motivational and affective dimensions of pain in a state of opioid/alcohol dependence and withdrawal, this unit describes the use of a non‐reflex‐based method for measuring pain avoidance‐like behavior in dependent rats. In the mechanical conflict‐avoidance task, rats run across probes of varying heights to avoid a bright aversive light and to reach a dark goal chamber. A longer latency to exit onto the nociceptive probes reflects increased pain avoidance‐like behavior during withdrawal. Mechanical conflict‐avoidance testing can be repeated to provide both baseline assessment of pain avoidance behavior and pain avoidance measures after the induction of dependence.© 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
How to Agree on a CTC: Evaluating the Consensus in Circulating Tumor Cell Scoring
Authors: Zeune Leonie L. , de Wit Sanne , Berghuis A.M. Sofie , IJzerman Maarten J. , Terstappen Leon W.M.M. , Brune Christoph 
Published: September 2018

AbstractFor using counts of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the clinic to aid a physician's decision, its reported values will need to be accurate and comparable between institutions. Many technologies have become available to enumerate and characterize CTCs, thereby showing a large range of reported values. Here we introduce an Open Source CTC scoring tool to enable comparison of different reviewers and facilitate the reach of a consensus on assigning objects as CTCs. One hundred images generated from two different platforms were used to assess concordance between 15 reviewers and an expert panel. Large differences were observed between reviewers in assigning objects as CTCs urging the need for computer recognition of CTCs. A demonstration of a deep learning approach on the 100 images showed the promise of this technique for future CTC enumeration. © 2018 The Authors. Cytometry Part A published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
A precise time synchronization method for real‐time schedulers
Authors: Kikutani Tatsushi , Yakoh Takahiro 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis paper proposed a precise time synchronization method between schedulers of real‐time operating systems by communicating time stamps over a network. An NTP‐based communication protocol was used to measure the time offset between nodes. To minimize the measurement error, a light‐weight network stack called RT‐Messenger was used instead of common transmission control protocol/Internet protocol (TCP/IP) stack. Also, a Kalman filter was introduced to eliminate such error and to estimate time offset and drift. Furthermore, a real‐time scheduler in RTAI/Linux (where RTAI is real‐time application interface) was modified to compensate the time difference using the estimated offset and drift. The time compensation of a scheduler clock affects the next resume times for real‐time tasks. Therefore, a recalculation process of next resume times for all real‐time tasks and a reordering process of real‐time task queue were added to the real‐time scheduler. To validate the proposed method, time differences of resume times for two real‐time tasks on different nodes were measured under various experimental conditions. The results confirm that the resume time differences were successfully kept lower than 400 ns with 300 ns standard deviation under the condition of observation period at 1 s and correction period at 10 s.
Intraoperative S‐ketamine for the reduction of opioid consumption and pain one year after spine surgery: A randomized clinical trial of opioid‐dependent patients
Authors: Nielsen Rikke Vibeke , Fomsgaard Jonna Storm , Nikolajsen Lone , Dahl Jørgen Berg , Mathiesen Ole 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to explore the effect of intraoperative S‐ketamine on analgesic consumption and pain one year after spine surgery in chronic opioid‐dependent patients undergoing spinal fusion surgery.MethodsSingle‐centre, randomized, blinded trial of 147 patients. Intervention: Perioperative S‐ketamine bolus 0.5 mg/kg followed by S‐ketamine 0.25 mg kg−1 hr−1 infusion or placebo. Main outcomes: Analgesic use, pain (visual analogue scale 0–100 mm [VAS]) and labour market attachment one year after surgery assessed by written questionnaires.ResultsResponse rate was 67%. One year after surgery, the daily use of oral morphine equivalents was lower in the ketamine group versus the placebo group: 0 (0–20) mg versus 20 (0–62) mg, (p = 0.02), and fewer patients had a daily use of any analgesics in the ketamine group versus placebo group, 42% (95% CI 23–61) versus 74% (95% CI 58–87), (p = 0.04). Mobilization pain was lower in the ketamine group compared to the placebo group: Median difference 17 mm (95% CI −30 to −3), (p = 0.02). Pain at rest was lower in the ketamine group compared to the placebo group with median difference: 13 mm (95% CI −23 to −3), (p = 0.01). Further, labour market attachment was better in the ketamine group, (p = 0.02).ConclusionIntraoperative ketamine may reduce analgesic use, pain, and improve labour market attachment one year after spine surgery in a chronic opioid‐dependent population.SignificanceThis randomized clinical trial shows that intraoperative ketamine may reduce opioid use and pain and improve labour market attachment one year after spine surgery in an opioid‐dependent population.
Continuous enzymatic production and adsorption of laminaribiose in packed bed reactors
Authors: Abi Akram , Hartig Dave , Vorländer Karl , Wang Anqi , Scholl Stephan , Jördening Hans‐Joachim 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBienzymatic production of laminaribiose from sucrose and glucose was combined with adsorption on zeolite BEA to introduce a first capture and purification step. Downstream processing including washing and desorption steps was characterized and optimized on a milliliter scale in batch mode. Results were then transferred to a packed bed system for enzymatic production and adsorption where the influence of adsorbent particle diameter on purity and productivity was evaluated. Finally, a continuous enzymatic production of laminaribiose was conducted over 10 days. The subsequent downstream processing of the loaded zeolites led to purities of over 0.5 gLaminaribiose gsugar−1 in the desorbate with a total productivity of 5.6 mgLaminaribiose Lenzyme bed−1 h−1 without the use of recycles.