bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HIIT Improves Left Ventricular Exercise Response in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: WILSON GENEVIEVE A. , WILKINS GERARD T. , COTTER JIM D. , LAMBERTS REGIS R. , LAL SUDISH , BALDI JAMES C. 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
Type 2 diabetes is associated with reduced left ventricular reserve. It is unclear whether exercise training improves left ventricular function in people with type 2 diabetes.

Purpose
This study aimed to determine whether 3 months of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) improves left ventricular function during exercise in adults with type 2 diabetes.

Methods
Participants performed a V˙O2peak test and received a DXA scan and total blood volume measurement at baseline. Left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV), and left ventricular stroke volume (LVSV) were then measured at rest and during low- and moderate-intensity semirecumbent exercise in adults with type 2 diabetes before and after 3 months of HIIT (n = 11) or no training (control) (n = 5). The effects of HIIT were determined using repeated-measures ANOVA.

Results
HIIT increased V˙O2peak by approximately 15% (P < 0.002) but did not change body composition or total blood volume. LVESV decreased and LVEDV and LVSV increased from rest to moderate-intensity exercise in both groups at baseline (all P < 0.01). Three months of HIIT increased LVEDV (P = 0.008) and LVSV (P = 0.02) at all conditions, but there was no difference in controls (all P > 0.05). HIIT augmented the reduction in LVESV from rest to moderate-intensity exercise (P < 0.04), but LVESV was unchanged in controls. Increased LVEDV explained 51% of the change in LVSV after HIIT intervention. Mitral inflow parameters and mitral annular velocities were unaffected by HIIT (all P > 0.05).

Conclusions
HIIT training increased the LVSV response to exercise in adults with type 2 diabetes. These data suggest that HIIT can improve LV filling and emptying during exercise and reverse early cardiac consequences of type 2 diabetes.
Downhill Running Acutely Elicits Mitophagy in Rat Soleus Muscle
Authors: SHANG HUAYU , XIA ZHI , BAI SHENGCHAO , ZHANG HE , GU BOYA , WANG RUIYUAN 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the effects of downhill treadmill running on mitochondrial structure/function and expression levels of mitophagy-related proteins in rat skeletal muscle.

Methods
A total of 48 male adult Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group (C, n = 8) and an exercise group (E, n = 40). Rats in the E group were exercised on a treadmill down a 16° decline at 16 m·min−1 for 90 min and were further divided into 0 h (E0), 12 h (E12), 24 h (E24), 48 h (E48), and 72 h (E72) postexercise subgroups (n = 8 each). At each time point, the soleus muscle was collected under full anesthesia. Mitochondrial ultrastructural changes in skeletal muscle were observed by a transmission electron microscope. The content of quantitative enzyme citrate synthase and the activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex II and complex IV were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Protein expressions of skeletal muscle cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COX1), PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1), and mitochondrial Parkin microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) were determined by Western blot. Mitochondrial colocalizations with Parkin, ubiquitin (Ub), p62/sequestosome 1 (p62), and LC3 were measured by the immunofluorescence double labeling technique.

Results
After downhill treadmill running, the skeletal muscle mitochondrial structure changed dramatically, and a large amount of mitophagosomes were observed; the citrate synthase content and complex II activity were significantly lower (P < 0.05), whereas complex IV activity and COX1 protein level remained unchanged; the expression levels of PINK1, Parkin, Ub, p62, and LC3 were significantly higher than those in the C group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).

Conclusion
A session of downhill treadmill running activated the PINK1/Parkin pathway and facilitated mitochondrial colocalizations with Ub, p62, and LC3, causing mitophagy and mitochondrial damage within the skeletal muscle.
Issues of Sukuk Ijarah
Authors: Nahar Faiza Husnayeni , Adha Mufti Alam , Wardani Dyah Titis Kusuma 
Published: January 2019

Sukuk Ijarah is the most popular sukuk that increase in over the world since its start to introduce in 2001. Not only Muslim country who issued this sukuk, so do Non-Muslim Country such as Germany, Japan and China. However, there is issue that come up due to the non-existence of Shariah compliance in this structure such as the requirement of sukuk doesn’t meet Maqasid Shari’ah perspective. Therefore, the aims of this paper to discuss some issue in sukuk Ijarah and give solution in order to develop Islamic capital market.
Analisis Votalitas Saham di Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) periode Januari 2015-Januari 2018
Authors: Tanjung Hendri , Martua Siregar Taufik Akbar 
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat volatilitas Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) pada Jakarta Stock Exchange. Adapun teknik analisis yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH) dan Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (ARCH). Kenormalan distribusi tingkat return pada JII dianalisis untuk menjawab apakah returnnya tersebar secara normal atau tidak. Dengan menggunakan data JII dari januari 2015 sampai dengan januari 2018 (724 data harian), ditemukan bahwa distribusi dari return JII tidak menyebar normal. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa return dari Jakarta Islamic Indeks sangat berfluktuasi. Adapun implikasinya adalah akan diperoleh keuntungan yang sangat tinggi dan kerugian yang sangat besar pada satu hari.
Políticas familiares. Una revisión crítica a partir de la singularidad de las experiencias de familia | Family policies: a critical review based on the uniqueness of family experiences
Authors: Krmpotic Claudia Sandra 
Published: January 2019

Resumen – Se problematiza el campo de las políticas familiares desde un análisis microsocial, tomando como punto de partida la experiencia de familia. A través de un estudio de caso, se analizan tramos narrativos seleccionados obtenidos en entrevistas en profundidad, destacando las singularidades como las limitaciones de las intervenciones institucionales. Se evidencia el fracaso de las intervenciones públicas, incluso en lo que respecta a la institucionalización de la marginación. En la tensión entre lo impuesto y lo disponible resalta la capacidad de agencia para conseguir sobrellevar la pobreza y construir identidad.Palabras clave: estado de bienestar; modelización; experiencia de familia; significatividad; Argentina Resumo – O campo das políticas familiares é problematizado a partir de uma análise microssocial, tomando como ponto de partida a experiência familiar. Por meio de um estudo de caso, são analisadas seções narrativas selecionadas, obtidas em entrevistas feitas em profundidade, destacando as singularidades como limitações das intervenções institucionais. O fracasso das intervenções públicas é evidente, mesmo no que diz respeito à institucionalização da marginalização. Na tensão entre o que é imposto e o que está disponível, destaca-se a capacidade de agência para superar a pobreza e construir uma identidade.Palavras-Chave: Estado de Bem-Estar Social; modelagem; experiência familiar; significancia; Argentina. Abstract – The field of family policies is problematized from a microsocial analysis, taking as a starting point the family experience. Through a case study, selected narrative sections obtained in in-depth interviews are analyzed, highlighting singularities as limitations of institutional interventions. The failure of public interventions is evidenced, even about the institutionalization of marginalization. In the tension between what is imposed and what is available, the agency to overcome poverty and build identity stands out.Keywords: welfare state; modeling; family experience; significance; Argentina.
Famílias e assistência social: reflexões sobre o BPC e o PBF | Families and social assistance: reflections on the Continued Payment Benefit (BPC) and the Bolsa Família (PBF) programs
Authors: Senna Mônica De Castro Maia , Costa Brenda Luanda Silva 
Published: January 2019

Este artigo pretende contribuir para o debate em torno do trabalho com famílias na política de assistência social, a partir da análise de alguns elementos que circunscrevem a centralidade da família nas políticas e programas sociais brasileiros nos anos recentes, mais especificamente no âmbito do Programa Bolsa Família e do Benefício de Prestação Continuada. Tomando por base estudos e experiências concretas, abordamos algumas inflexões produzidas nos sistemas nacionais de proteção social nas últimas décadas, com destaque para o caso brasileiro. Enfatizamos alguns aspectos contraditórios presentes nas relações estabelecidas entre Estado e família forjadas a partir da constituição dessas duas modalidades de provisão da assistência social.Palavras-Chave: política social; assistência social; família; bolsa família; benefício de prestação continuada. Abstract – This article intends to contribute to the debate about the work with families in social assistance policy, from the analysis of some elements that circumscribe the centrality of family in Brazilian social policies and programs in recent years, specifically within the scope of the Bolsa Família and the Continued Payment Benefit programs. Based on studies and concrete experiences, we have approached some inflections produced in national social protection systems in the last decades, focusing on the Brazilian case. We emphasize some contradictory aspects present in the relations established between state and family forged from the constitution of these two modalities of provision of social assistance.Keywords: social policy; social assistance; family; Bolsa Família; Continued Payment Benefits.
Conciliação nos Juizados Especiais Cíveis e acesso a justiça em Montes Claros
Authors: Dias Beatriz Ferreira , Veloso Cynara Silde Mesquita , Gabrich Lara Maia Silva 
Published: January 2019

O acesso à justiça é um direito fundamental que garante ao cidadão pleno acesso a um sistema jurídico no qual se possa reivindicar direitos e resolver litígios, produzindo resultados justos e igualitários. A pesquisa objetiva investigar a contribuição da conciliação nos Juizados Especiais de Montes Claros para o efetivo acesso à justiça. Utilizar-se-á o método quantitativo de cunho descritivo, com procedimento bibliográfico e documental na base de dados do Conselho Nacional de Justiça, do Tribunal de Justiça de Minas Gerias e na legislação pertinente. A conciliação, por meio da celeridade e baixo custo às partes, objetiva a promoção eficaz do acesso à justiça a todos os cidadãos, é realizada como uma etapa do procedimento judicial dos Juizados Especiais Cíveis nas demandas de menor complexidade e causas de menor valor pecuniário. Para tanto, a conciliação prima pela informalidade, simplicidade, economia processual e celeridade para que atenda a todas as camadas da população de modo a ampliar o acesso à justiça e desafogar a demanda da justiça comum. Concluiu-se que os Juizados Especiais ampliam o acesso a uma ordem jurídica justa por meio da conciliação, que possibilita a resolução dos conflitos de sua competência de modo adequado, simples, célere e eficaz.
Beberapa Faktor Risiko Kejadian Penyakit Ginjal Kronik (PGK) Stadium V pada Kelompok Usia Kurang dari 50 Tahun (Studi di RSUD dr.H.Soewondo Kendal dan RSUD dr.Adhyatma,MPH Semarang)
Authors: Ariyanto Ariyanto , Hadisaputro Suharyo , Lestariningsih Lestariningsih , Adi Mateus Sakundarno 
Published: January 2019

Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) stage V is an end-stage chronic kidney disease characterized by glomerular filtration rate less than 15 mL /min /1.73 m2 and require dialysis therapy. The purpose of this study to prove risk factors the occurrence of CKD Vin the age group of less than 50 years. Method: This study was a mixed method, case-control studies design were inforced with indepht interview. Total respondents were 124 (62 cases and 62 controls) that taken by consecutive sampling. Research instrument was a questionnaire interview. Data analysis using univariate, bivariate (chi-square) and multivariate (logistic regression). Result: The variables that proved to be a risk factor for CKD V in the age group of less than 50 years were supplement energy drink consumption > 4 times/week (p=0.038; 95%CI = 1.063-7.944; OR=2.905), smoking ≥ 10 ciggarets/day (p=0.011; 95%CI=1.384-11.920; OR=4.061), and herbal medicine consumption > 4 times/week (p=0.007; 95%CI=1.431-9.949; OR=3.773). Variables that not proved were the consumption of coffee, supplements of vitamin C, soft drinks, alcohol, and NSAIDs. Qualitative results stated that the respondents consumed energy drink supplements to increase their stamina, smoke because it has become a habit, and consume herbal medicines because seen more natural and cure the sciatica fastly.Conclusion: Risk factors for the occurrence of CKD V in the age group of less than 50 years were the supplement energy drink consumption> 4 times/week, smoking ≥ 10 ciggarets/day, and the consumption of herbal medicine> 4 times/week.
Ein Blick zum Nachbarn: die polnischen Bibliotheksgesetze und ihre Bedeutung für das polnische Bibliothekswesen
Authors: Bödecker Ursula 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Polen blickt auf eine lange Tradition von Bibliotheksgesetzen zurück. Am 17. April 1946 wurde das Dekret über Bibliotheken und die Betreuung von Bibliotheksbeständen erlassen. Die Verabschiedung des Gesetzes über Bibliotheken vom 9. April 1968 und das derzeit geltende Gesetz über Bibliotheken vom 27. Juni 1997 sind weitere zeitliche Meilensteine. Die Entstehung der Bibliotheksgesetze ist mit der wechselvollen politischen Geschichte Polens eng verknüpft und weitgehend dem Engagement der polnischen Bibliothekare zu verdanken. Ein Bibliotheksgesetz ist für polnische Bibliothekare wichtig und unverzichtbar. Sie sind von den Möglichkeiten und Funktionen eines Bibliotheksgesetzes überzeugt und sehen diverse Chancen, die es für die Entwicklung des Bibliothekswesens bietet.
Hazard Ratio Estimators after Terminating Observation within Matched Pairs in Sibling and Propensity Score Matched Designs
Authors: Shinozaki Tomohiro , Mansournia Mohammad Ali 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Similar to unmatched cohort studies, matched cohort studies may suffer from the censoring of events prior to the end of follow-up. Moreover, in some matched-pair cohort studies, observation time is prematurely terminated immediately after the follow-up of his/her matched member is completed by an event or censoring. Although the follow-up termination within matched pairs may or may not change the hazard ratio estimators, when and how the change occurs has not been clarified. We study the change in the estimates of the hazard ratio conditional on matched pairs and/or covariates by considering two types of matched-pair designs in cohort studies—sibling pair matching and propensity score matching—in which termination can be naturally considered. If all possible confounders are shared within the matched pairs, after termination, a wide range of hazard ratio estimators coincides with that obtained from a stratified Cox model. If unshared confounders should be adjusted for in the analysis, however, such coincidence is not observed. Simulation studies on sibling designs with unshared confounders suggested that the pair-stratified covariate-adjusted Cox model for the hazard ratio conditional on matched pairs and covariates is generally preferred, for which termination does not deteriorate the estimation. Conversely, the comparison between stratifying or not stratifying on pair is a more subtle issue in propensity score matching which targets a marginal or covariate-conditional hazard ratio. Based on simulation studies considering Cox models after matching based on estimated propensity scores, we discourage pair-stratified analysis and termination, particularly after data collection.
Representation of Auditory Motion Directions and Sound Source Locations in the Human Planum Temporale
Authors: Battal Ceren , Rezk Mohamed , Mattioni Stefania , Vadlamudi Jyothirmayi , Collignon Olivier 
Published: January 2019

The ability to compute the location and direction of sounds is a crucial perceptual skill to efficiently interact with dynamic environments. How the human brain implements spatial hearing is, however, poorly understood. In our study, we used fMRI to characterize the brain activity of male and female humans listening to sounds moving left, right, up, and down as well as static sounds. Whole-brain univariate results contrasting moving and static sounds varying in their location revealed a robust functional preference for auditory motion in bilateral human planum temporale (hPT). Using independently localized hPT, we show that this region contains information about auditory motion directions and, to a lesser extent, sound source locations. Moreover, hPT showed an axis of motion organization reminiscent of the functional organization of the middle-temporal cortex (hMT+/V5) for vision. Importantly, whereas motion direction and location rely on partially shared pattern geometries in hPT, as demonstrated by successful cross-condition decoding, the responses elicited by static and moving sounds were, however, significantly distinct. Altogether, our results demonstrate that the hPT codes for auditory motion and location but that the underlying neural computation linked to motion processing is more reliable and partially distinct from the one supporting sound source location.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTCompared with what we know about visual motion, little is known about how the brain implements spatial hearing. Our study reveals that motion directions and sound source locations can be reliably decoded in the human planum temporale (hPT) and that they rely on partially shared pattern geometries. Our study, therefore, sheds important new light on how computing the location or direction of sounds is implemented in the human auditory cortex by showing that those two computations rely on partially shared neural codes. Furthermore, our results show that the neural representation of moving sounds in hPT follows a “preferred axis of motion” organization, reminiscent of the coding mechanisms typically observed in the occipital middle-temporal cortex (hMT+/V5) region for computing visual motion.
Plasticity in the Link between Pain-Transmitting and Pain-Modulating Systems in Acute and Persistent Inflammation
Authors: Chen QiLiang , Heinricher Mary M. 
Published: January 2019

There is strong evidence that spinoparabrachial neurons in the superficial dorsal horn contribute to persistent pain states, and that the lateral parabrachial complex (PB) conveys relevant nociceptive information to higher structures. The role of PB itself in hyperalgesia and how it recruits descending facilitation has nevertheless received significantly less attention. The current study is a first step toward delineating the functional dynamics of PB and its link to descending control in acute and persistent inflammatory pain. In lightly anesthetized rats, we recorded behavioral withdrawal evoked by mechanical stimulation of the hindpaw and, simultaneously, the activity of identified pain-modulating neurons, “ON-cells” and “OFF-cells,” in the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM). This was done before and after the inactivation of PB, contralateral or ipsilateral to an inflamed paw [1 h, 1 d, or 5–6 d after intraplantar injection of Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA)]. The inactivation of contralateral, but not ipsilateral, PB interfered with nociceptive input to RVM under basal conditions, as well as in acute inflammation. By contrast, blocking ipsilateral, but not contralateral, PB in established inflammation interfered with behavioral hyperalgesia and ON-cell and OFF-cell responses. The lesioning of contralateral PB before CFA injection prevented this recruitment of ipsilateral PB in persistent inflammation. These experiments show that contralateral PB is required to initiate hyperalgesia, which is then maintained by ipsilateral PB, most likely in both cases via the engagement of pain-modulating neurons of the RVM.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe lateral parabrachial complex (PB) relays nociceptive information to brain circuits that are important for the transmission and modulation of pain, but its specific role in persistent pain and engagement of descending control mechanisms has received relatively little attention. We show here that PB contralateral and ipsilateral to an inflammatory insult demonstrate different functions as inflammation persists, likely by engaging pain-facilitating neurons of the rostral ventromedial medulla. While the contralateral PB, the target of the major spinoparabrachial pathway, relays acute nociceptive information, the ipsilateral PB is recruited or unmasked in persistent inflammation to maintain hyperalgesia. These data point to plasticity in the PB itself or its direct and indirect connections with pain-modulating systems as central to the development and maintenance of persistent pain.
Amplification and Suppression of Traveling Waves along the Mouse Organ of Corti: Evidence for Spatial Variation in the Longitudinal Coupling of Outer Hair Cell-Generated Forces
Authors: Dewey James B. , Applegate Brian E. , Oghalai John S. 
Published: January 2019

Mammalian hearing sensitivity and frequency selectivity depend on a mechanical amplification process mediated by outer hair cells (OHCs). OHCs are situated within the organ of Corti atop the basilar membrane (BM), which supports sound-evoked traveling waves. It is well established that OHCs generate force to selectively amplify BM traveling waves where they peak, and that amplification accumulates from one location to the next over this narrow cochlear region. However, recent measurements demonstrate that traveling waves along the apical surface of the organ of Corti, the reticular lamina (RL), are amplified over a much broader region. Whether OHC forces accumulate along the length of the RL traveling wave to provide a form of “global” cochlear amplification is unclear. Here we examined the spatial accumulation of RL amplification. In mice of either sex, we used tones to suppress amplification from different cochlear regions and examined the effect on RL vibrations near and far from the traveling-wave peak. We found that although OHC forces amplify the entire RL traveling wave, amplification only accumulates near the peak, over the same region where BM motion is amplified. This contradicts the notion that RL motion is involved in a global amplification mechanism and reveals that the mechanical properties of the BM and organ of Corti tune how OHC forces accumulate spatially. Restricting the spatial buildup of amplification enhances frequency selectivity by sharpening the peaks of cochlear traveling waves and constrains the number of OHCs responsible for mechanical sensitivity at each location.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTOuter hair cells generate force to amplify traveling waves within the mammalian cochlea. This force generation is critical to the ability to detect and discriminate sounds. Nevertheless, how these forces couple to the motions of the surrounding structures and integrate along the cochlear length remains poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that outer hair cell-generated forces amplify traveling-wave motion on the organ of Corti throughout the wave's extent, but that these forces only accumulate longitudinally over a region near the wave's peak. The longitudinal coupling of outer hair cell-generated forces is therefore spatially tuned, likely by the mechanical properties of the basilar membrane and organ of Corti. Our findings provide new insight into the mechanical processes that underlie sensitive hearing.