bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The DREAM Initiative: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial testing an integrated electronic health record and community health worker intervention to promote weight loss among South Asian patients at risk for diabetes
Authors: Lim Sahnah , Wyatt Laura C , Mammen Shinu , Zanowiak Jennifer M , Mohaimin Sadia , Goldfeld Keith S , Shelley Donna , Gold Heather T , Islam Nadia S 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Background

Electronic health record (EHR)-based interventions that use registries and alerts can improve chronic disease care in primary care settings. Community health worker (CHW) interventions also have been shown to improve chronic disease outcomes, especially in minority communities. Despite their potential, these two approaches have not been tested together, including in small primary care practice (PCP) settings. This paper presents the protocol of Diabetes Research, Education, and Action for Minorities (DREAM) Initiative, a 5-year randomized controlled trial integrating both EHR and CHW approaches into a network of PCPs in New York City (NYC) in order to support weight loss efforts among South Asian patients at risk for diabetes.

Methods

The DREAM Initiative was funded by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (National Institutes of Health). A total of 480 individuals at risk for type 2 diabetes will be enrolled into the intervention group, and an equal number will be included in a control group based on EHR records. The EHR intervention components include the provision of technical assistance to participating PCPs regarding prediabetes-related registry reports, alerts, and order sets. The CHW intervention components entail group education sessions on diabetes prevention, including weight loss and nutrition. A mixed-methods approach will be used to evaluate the feasibility, adoption, and impact (≥5% weight loss) of the integrated study components. Additionally, a cost effectiveness analysis will be conducted using outcomes, implementation costs, and healthcare claims data to determine the incremental cost per person achieving 5% weight loss.

Discussion

This study will be the first to test the efficacy of an integrated EHR-CHW intervention within an underserved, minority population and in a practical setting via a network of small PCPs in NYC. The study’s implementation is enhanced through cross-sector partnerships, including the local health department, a healthcare payer, and EHR vendors. Through use of a software platform, the study will also systematically track and monitor CHW referrals to social service organizations. Study findings, including those resulting from cost-effectiveness analyses, will have important implications for translating similar strategies to other minority communities in sustainable ways.
Recruitment Effort and Costs from a Multi-Center Randomized Controlled Trial for Treating Depression in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Myers Barbara A , Pillay Yegan , Hornsby Guy , Shubrook Jay , Saha Chandan , Mather Kieren J. , Fitzpatrick Karen , de Groot Mary 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Background

Participant recruitment for clinical trials is a significant challenge for the scientific research community. Federal funding agencies have made continuation of funding of clinical trials contingent on meeting recruitment targets. It is incumbent on investigators to carefully set study recruitment timelines and resource needs to meet those goals as required under current funding mechanisms. This paper highlights the cost, labor, and barriers to recruitment for Program ACTVE II, a successful multi-site randomized controlled trial of behavioral treatments for depression in adults with type 2 diabetes, conducted in rural and urban settings in three states.

Methods

Quantitative and qualitative data on recruitment were gathered from study staff throughout the study recruitment period and were used to calculate costs and effort. The study utilized two main approaches to recruitment: 1.) relying on potential participants to see ads in the community and call a toll-free number, and 2.) direct phone calls to potential participants by study staff.

Results

Contact was attempted with 18,925 people to obtain the enrolled sample of 140. The cost of recruitment activities during the 4.5-year recruitment period totaled $190,056, an average cost of $1,358 per enrolled participant. Qualitative evaluations identified multiple barriers to recruitment.

Conclusions

Recruitment for Program ACTIVE II exemplifies the magnitude of resources needed to reach recruitment targets in the current era. Continuous evaluation, flexibility, and adaptation are required on the part of investigators, community partners, and funding agencies to successfully reach high risk populations in rural and urban areas.
Corneal wavefront guided versus aberration free transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy in myopic patients with high pre-existing corneal higher order aberrations
Authors: Ellakwa Amin Faisal , Zaki Marwa Ali , Ashour Rana Mohammed 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Objectives

to compare the efficacy, safety and predictability of corneal wavefront guided (WFG) and aberration free ablation in single-step transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (TransPRK) in myopic patients with high pre-existing corneal higher order aberrations (HOAs).

Background

Corneal WFG and aberration free treatments have been proposed as methods to achieve better visual, refractive, and optical outcomes.

Methods

Non-randomized controlled trailwas conducted in El-HekmaEye-LASIK center, Menoufia governorate, Egypt during the period from January 2017 to December 2017. TransPRK was performed to eligible myopic patients with or without astigmatism with corneal HOAs ≥ 0.35 µ utilizing either aberration free or corneal WFG patterns provided by ORKCAM software (SCHWIND eye-tech-solutions, Kleinostheim, Germany). Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), manifest and cycloplegic refractions, best spectacle corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), thorough slit lamp examination and corneal topography were assessed and repeated six months postoperatively.

Results

Six months postoperatively, 97.6% and 100% of patients achieved MRSE within ± 1D with 76.2% and 66.67% of patients achieved UDVA of ≥20/20 in aberration free and corneal WFG groups respectively. Both groups showed increase in spherical and total corneal HOAs, with no significant difference in corneal WFG (p=0.08, p=0.28 respectively) while significantly higher postoperatively in aberration free group (p<0.001, p=0.001 respectively). Coma and trefoil aberrations declined after corneal WFG technique, yet increased after aberration free one.

Conclusions

both aberration free and corneal WFG TransPRK were safe, effective and predictable in treatment of myopia in patients with high pre-existing corneal HOAs with better aberrometric outcomes in corneal WFG group.
Efekt abskopalny – mechanizm i znaczenie we współczesnej radioterapii.
Authors: Deja Adam 
Published: March 2019

Choroba oligometastatyczna pozostaje istotnym problemem klinicznym współczesnej radioterapii. Wyzwaniem dla onkologa radioterapeuty jest zarówno kwalifikacja chorych do leczenia, jak i odpowiedni dobór leczenia. Nadzieją na poprawę wyników leczenia tej specyficznej grupy pacjentów niesie, jak się wydaje, wykorzystanie efektu abskopalnego. Niniejsza praca poglądowa przybliża mechanizm zjawiska oraz jego zastosowanie w klinice. Oligometastatic disease remains an essential clinical issue in modern radiotherapy. Both proper patients selection and optimal therapy approach are a chalange for radiation oncologist. It seems that abscopal effect may improve treatment outcome. This review paper presents the mechanism of the phenomenon and its application in the clinic.
Zastosowanie brachyterapii HDR u chorych z rakiem jelita grubego w leczeniu choroby oligometastatycznej w wątrobie – przegląd technik i wskazań.
Authors: Burchardt Wojciech , Burchardt Ewa 
Published: March 2019

Wprowadzenie: W leczeniu rak jelita grubego (RJG), mimo zdiagnozowania stadium IV ( przerzuty nowotworu np. do wątroby) podejmuje się próby leczenia radykalnego, co może dawać długoletnie przeżycia , a nawet wyleczenia. W ostatnich latach rozróżniono w stopniu IV choroby nowotworowej chorobę oligometastatyczną (OLM). Choroba OLM oznacza etap w przebiegu choroby nowotworowej , kiedy liczba i objętość ognisk przerzutowych jest policzalna.Metoda: Przeanalizowano obecny stan w wiedzy w oparciu o dostępne publikacje i doniesienia z onkologicznych konferencji międzynarodowych , dotyczących leczenia zmian przerzutowych raka jelita grubego (RJG) w wątrobie. Przedstawiono techniki przezskórnej brachyterapii HDR zmian w wątrobie i przedstawiono jej zastosowanie.Wyniki: RJG daje przerzuty do wątroby w ok. 50 % przypadków. W opublikowanych badaniach wykazano, że połączenie leczenia miejscowego z leczeniem systemowym daje lepsze wyniki leczenia oraz wydłuża przeżycie u chorych z nieresekcyjnymi przerzutami do wątroby w porównaniu do samodzielnego leczenia systemowego . Przezskórna brachyterapia zmian w wątrobie to bezpieczna i skuteczną metodą leczenia, której zastosowanie ciągle wzrasta. Ma szczególne zastosowanie w guzach wątroby , które są nieoperacyjne i nie mogą być poddane leczeniu termicznym lub teleradioterapii. W odróżnieniu od technik termicznych brachyterapia cechuje się wysoką kontrolą miejscową zmian nawet > 5 cm, w guzach położonych blisko narządów krytycznych i dużych naczyń. Jest to metoda, która uzupełnia możliwości leczenia zmian w wątrobie RJG.Wnioski: Brachyterapia choroby oligometastatycznej RJG w odróżnieniu od technik termicznych cechuje się wysoką precyzją leczenia z niską toksycznością w narządach krytycznych. Jednakże to postępowanie nie jest odpowiednie dla chorych z mnogimi przerzutami.
Herpes Zoster Onset 9 Years After First Varicella Zoster Vaccination in an 11-year-old Child - A Case Report
Authors: Plachouri Kerasia-Maria , Gkentzi Despoina , Varvarigou Anastasia , Georgiou Sophia , Dimitriou Gabriel 
Published: March 2019

Background:
Herpes zoster (HZ) tends to affect the elderly population and immunocompromised
younger patients. However, HZ cases in healthy children have also been reported.

Objective:
This paper is a reminder to physicians, that Herpes Zoster can still be present in children,
even in the era after the development of the varicella vaccine and its introduction in the national
immunization programs globally.

Methods:
We present the case of an immunocompetent 11-year old vaccinated male patient, who
developed a HZ infection. The child had received two doses of the VZV vaccination (Varivax®),
nine years (first dose) and six years (second dose) prior to the infection.

Results:
Together with the case presentation, we summarize in this report the most recent published
data, concerning the HZ prevalence in healthy varicella zoster vaccinated children.

Conclusion:
Vaccinated pediatric patients are not completely free of risk concerning HZ. Physicians,
especially pediatricians and dermatologists, should be alert in order to recognize and treat
HZ early, so as to avoid further complications.
Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 2-Aminobenzimidazole Derivatives as DPP4 Inhibitors
Authors: Sunil Sreeja , Smith Arul G.D.A. , S. Mathan 
Published: March 2019

Background:The objective of the research was to examine the DPPIV inhibitor activity of synthetic derivatives of 2-aminobenzimidazole derivatives by the in-vivo method.Methods:Molecular docking was performed using homology model of receptors to identify the binding sites for the inhibitory activity of diabetes by means of- CDocker energy using the Discovery Studio (DS) 4.5 Novel 2-amino benzimidazole derivatives were synthesized from orthophenylene diamine with cyanogens bromide. The synthesized compounds were identified by IR,1HNMR,13CNMR, and MASS spectroscopic techniques. The products were analyzed for their DPPIV inhibitory effects on Wistar Albino rat.Results:The results revealed that benzimidazole with para-aminobenzoic acid possesses best DPPIV inhibitor activity. 2- amino benzimidazole incorporated with aromatic compounds were synthesized and assessed for their DPP-IV inhibitor activity.Conclusion:2- amino benzimidazole with para-aminobenzoic acid can be used as a lead compound for the development of a new class of DPP-IV inhibitor.
Biosynthesis of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Using Lactobacillus casei Subsp. Casei and its Anticancer and Antibacterial Activities
Authors: Kouhkan Mehri , Ahangar Parinaz , Babaganjeh Leila Ashrafi , Allahyari-Devin Maryam 
Published: March 2019

Background:The present study reveals the synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) by probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus casei subsp. casei) and demonstrates the cytotoxic effects of these nanoparticles against gram negative and positive bacteria and cancer cell lines.Methods:The CuO NPs are biosynthesized from Lactobacillus casei subsp. casei (L. casei) in an eco-friendly and cost-effective process. These nanoparticles are characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and transmittance electron microscope (TEM) analysis. The antibacterial activity is examined by Well-diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) assays using Broth microdilution. Anticancer effects of these nanoparticles are evaluated by methyl thiazolyl diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and Griess test.Results:Our results confirm the biosynthesis of CuO NPs from L. casei. Antibacterial assays demonstrate that treatment of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria with CuO NPs inhibits the growth of these bacteria. Furthermore, the cell viability of human cancer cells decreases while treated by nanoparticles. These nanoparticles increase nitric oxide (NO) secretion determined by NO production measurement.Conclusion:These results suggest that CuO NPs may exert antibacterial effects as well as cytotoxic effects on cancer cells by suppressing their growth, increasing the oxidative stress and inducing apoptosis.
The Relationship Between Organizational Climate, Organizational Commitment and Job Burnout: Case Study Among Employees of the University of Medical Sciences
Authors: Seyyedmoharrami Iman , Dehaghi Behzad Fouladi , Abbaspour Sedigheh , Zandi Anahita , Tatari Maryam , Teimori Gholamheidar , Torbati Abbas Ghodrati 
Published: March 2019

Background and Objective:Organizational climate and organizational commitment have a tangible effect on organizational performance. This study aims to investigate organizational climate in a university of medical sciences along with organizational commitment and job burnout in the university staff.Methods:This cross-sectional study is carried outviadescriptive-analytical method on 250 employees of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Iran in 2016. Data collection tools include standard questionnaires of organizational climate, organizational commitment, and Maslach burnout inventory. Data analysis was carried out with SPSS software version 21 and Man-Whitney statistical tests, Kruskal-Wallis analysis, ANOVA, Chi-2, and Spearman’s correlation tests.Results:Average age of the participants was 34.52 ± 7.70 including 55.6% men and 44.4% women. In the present study, organizational climate of employees was medium and high, and also, mean score of the organizational commitment of subjects was 66.11 ± 16.35. The highest amount of employees job burnout was related to low level (66%). Organizational climate among the employees lead to higher organizational commitment (r=0.472, P<0.001), and greater organizational climate and commitment contributes significantly towards a decrease in job burnout (r=-0.227, P<0.001; r=-0.335, P<0.001).Conclusion:If the managers of these deputies pay more attention to the importance of the services of the health staff and manpower employed in this organization, they can improve the organizational commitment of healthcare workers and prevent their burnout, in order to maximize the quality of service delivery.
Forced-eruption time for palatally impacted canines treated with and without ostectomy-decortication technique
Authors: Ferguson Donald J. , Rossais Dalal Al , Wilcko M. Thomas , Makki Laith , Stapelberg Roelien 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTObjectives:To compare forced-eruption times for palatally impacted canines treated with and without the ostectomy-decortication technique and to assess the influence of palatally impacted canine pretreatment position and angle on forced-eruption time.Materials and Methods:The sample was composed of 118 patient-subjects with 151 palatally impacted canines treated with the ostectomy-decortication technique (n = 72) and without (n = 79). The orthopantomogram radiographs (OPGs) were analyzed for palatally impacted canine angle and horizontal and vertical position. Recovery time was measured from the start of forced eruption until the canine was within ±1 mm of final dental arch position.Results:The time of forced canine eruption with ostectomy-decortication technique was significantly shorter than without (6.6 vs 21.0 months). Pretreatment canine position significantly increased forced-eruption time in the ostectomy-decortication group but not in the control sample.Conclusions:Forced-eruption time of palatally impacted canines using the ostectomy-decortication technique was 3.2 times more rapid than without. Forced-eruption time increased significantly as a function of pretreatment palatally impacted canine position severity in the ostectomy-decortication group but not in the control.
Tooth Sensitivity After Dental Bleaching With a Desensitizer-containing and a Desensitizer-free Bleaching Gel: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Rezende M , Coppla FM , Chemin K , Chibinski AC , Loguercio AD , Reis A 
Published: March 2019

SUMMARYObjectives:A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to evaluate the risk and intensity of tooth sensitivity (TS) after dental bleaching with a desensitizer-containing and a desensitizer-free bleaching gel in adult patients. Color change and risk of gingival sensitivity was also evaluated.Methods:A comprehensive search was performed MEDLINE via PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature database (LILACS), Brazilian Library in Dentistry (BBO), EMBASE and Cochrane Library, and System for Information on Grey Literature in Europe (SIGLE) without restrictions to identify randomized clinical trials. Abstracts from the annual conference of the International Association for Dental Research (1990–2016), unpublished and ongoing trials registries, dissertations, and theses were also searched. The quality of the evidence was rated using the Grading of Recommendations: Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.Data:After duplicates were removed, 1352 articles were identified. After title and abstract screening, only 47 studies remained for qualitative evaluation. Most of the studies had unclear risk of bias. No difference between groups were observed for the risk ratio of TS (risk ratio = 0.99; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.74–1.33); intensity of TS (standardized difference in means [SMD] = 0.04; 95% CI = 0.79–0.70); color change in shade guide units (SMD – 0.04; 95% CI = 0.50–0.42); color change in ΔE* (SMD = 0.41 (95% CI = 0.07–0.89); and risk ratio of gingival irritation (SMD = 1.05; 95% CI = 0.81–1.36). Except for the risk of TS, graded as moderate quality of evidence, all other outcomes were rated as low and very low quality.Conclusions:Incorporating desensitizers in the bleaching gel did not reduce the risk of TS, and the quality of this evidence was considered moderate. On the other hand, the intensity of TS, color change, and risk of gingival irritation was similar between groups, but the quality of the evidence for these outcomes was graded as low or very low, thus reducing the level of confidence in these outcomes.
Delayed Photoactivation of Dual-cure Composites: Effect on Cuspal Flexure, Depth-of-cure, and Mechanical Properties
Authors: Hughes KO , Powell KJ , Hill AE , Tantbirojn D , Versluis A 
Published: March 2019

SUMMARY

Objectives:
This study tested whether delayed photoactivation could reduce shrinkage stresses in dual-cure composites and how it affected the depth-of-cure and mechanical properties.

Methods and Materials:
Two dual-cure composites (ACTIVA and Bulk EZ) were subjected to two polymerization protocols: photoactivation at 45 seconds (immediate) or 165 seconds (2 minutes delayed) after extrusion. Typodont premolars with standardized preparations were restored with the composites, and cuspal flexure caused by polymerization shrinkage was determined with three-dimensional scanning of the external tooth surfaces before restoration (baseline) and at 10 minutes and one hour after photoactivation. Bond integrity (intact interface) was verified with dye penetration. Depth-of-cure was determined by measuring Vickers hardness through the depth at 1-mm increments. Elastic modulus and maximum stress were determined by four-point bending tests (n=10). Results were analyzed with two- or three-way analysis of variance and pairwise comparisons (Bonferroni; α=0.05).

Results:
Delayed photoactivation significantly reduced cuspal flexure for both composites at 10 minutes and one hour (p≤0.003). Interface was &gt;99% intact in every group. Depth-of-cure, elastic modulus, and flexural strength were not significantly different between the immediate and delayed photoactivation (p&gt;0.05). The hardness of ACTIVA reduced significantly with depth (p&lt;0.001), whereas the hardness of Bulk EZ was constant throughout the depth (p=0.942).

Conclusions:
Delayed photoactivation of dual-cure restorative composites can reduce shrinkage stresses without negatively affecting the degree-of-cure or mechanical properties (elastic modulus and flexural strength).