bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peri‐transplant lactate levels and delayed lactate clearance as predictive factors for poor outcomes after liver transplantation: A propensity score–matched study
Authors: Takahashi Kazuhiro , Jafri Syed‐Mohammed R. , Safwan Mohamed , Abouljoud Marwan S. , Nagai Shunji 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate risk factors for early allograft dysfunction (EAD) and outcomes after liver transplantation (LT), focusing on peri‐transplant lactate clearance. We reviewed patients who underwent deceased donor LTs between 2011 and 2014. Lactate levels were checked at reperfusion and at the time of intensive care unit admission. Early lactate clearance was defined as reduction rate of lactate between the times of reperfusion and immediately after LT. Patients were categorized into the normal and delayed clearance groups. We used propensity score matching (PSM) between these two groups to estimate an impact of lactate clearance on incidence of EAD and graft survival. A total of 256 recipients were eligible for this study. Cut‐off value of lactate clearance to predict occurrence of EAD was determined at 0.2 mmol/L/h. After PSM, 120 patients in the normal clearance and 36 patients in the delayed clearance group were matched. Delayed lactate clearance was considered as an independent risk factor for EAD (Odds ratio 3.49, P = 0.002). The adjusted hazard of one‐year graft loss was significantly increased in the delayed clearance group (hazard ratio 6.69, P = 0.001). In conclusion, peri‐transplant delayed lactate clearance may be a strong predictor for EAD and poor liver graft outcomes.
Adenopathy and extensive skin patch overlying a plasmacytoma with unusual histologic findings in a patient with polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal protein and skin changes syndrome and Castleman disease
Authors: Dagrosa Alicia T. , Cowdrey Molly C. E. , LeBlanc Robert E. , Lansigan Frederick , Kaur Prabhjot , Carter Joi B. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA 56‐year‐old previously healthy man presented to the dermatology clinic with a 2‐year history of an expanding, violaceous, infiltrated plaque on the right flank. Biopsy revealed a diffuse dermal vascular proliferation of bland, capillary‐sized vessels admixed with conspicuous fibrohistiocytic cells including scattered multinucleated floret cells. Further workup revealed a monoclonal gammopathy, an osteolytic chest wall plasmacytoma underlying the plaque, and regional lymphadenopathy leading to a diagnosis of adenopathy and extensive skin patch overlying a plasmacytoma (AESOP). Biopsy of an enlarged lymph node revealed Castleman disease. The patient subsequently developed polyneuropathy and peripheral edema, which supported an additional diagnosis of polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal protein, and skin changes (POEMS) syndrome. Herein, we discuss the unique findings of our patient, the potential pathogenesis of AESOP, and the link between these three rare paraneoplastic entities along with review of the literature.
Pulp aspects of traumatic dental injuries in primary incisors: Dark coronal discoloration
Authors: Holan Gideon 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDark coronal discoloration is a common outcome of traumatic dental injuries in primary incisors. However, there are only a few research studies on the mechanism that causes dark discoloration, the condition of the pulp, and the preferred treatment of such teeth. This article is a summary of the author's research studies and personal experience regarding dark coronal discoloration of traumatized primary incisors.
Timing of implant placement after traumatic dental injury
Authors: Storgård Jensen Simon 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDental implants are reliable to replace teeth lost because of traumatic dental injury. However, dental implants behave like ankylosed teeth and should not be placed in growing individuals because of the risk of infraposition. This risk may be reduced by ensuring arrested skeletal growth and ideal incisal support. The timing of implant placement may be immediate, early, conventional, or late and is determined by the extent of the trauma, remaining growth, and conditions of the hard and soft tissues. Timing should allow an observation period to properly evaluate the prognosis of concomitantly traumatized neighboring teeth. Orthodontic alignment is often necessary after traumatic dental injury in young individuals to provide symmetric dental conditions around the facial midline, to allow implant placement in the correct 3‐dimensional position for the later prosthetic reconstruction, and to ensure sufficient mesiodistal space that leaves a minimum of 1.5 mm of healthy alveolar bone between the future implant and neighboring teeth. Space and stable occlusion should be maintained by bonded retainers and a splint used during the night. A partial prosthesis is usually recommended as a temporary replacement. If a fixed provisional prosthesis is required, it is crucial that it does not interfere with the remaining growth and incisal support and allows proper oral hygiene.
Allogeneic vs. autologous intra‐articular mesenchymal stem cell injection within normal horses: Clinical and cytological comparisons suggest safety
Authors: Colbath A. C. , Dow S. W. , Hopkins L. S. , Phillips J. N. , McIlwraith C. W. , Goodrich L. R. 
Published: May 2019

SummaryBackgroundAllogeneic bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMDMSCs) could provide multiple advantages over autologous BMDMSCs, including creating an ‘off‐the‐shelf’ treatment together with the ability to control for donor variation.ObjectivesThe objective of the study was to compare the clinical and synovial fluid response of the normal equine joint to autologous and pooled‐allogeneic BMDMSCs while controlling for individual variation and joint variations in response to intra‐articular injections. We hypothesised that, by controlling for individual animal and joint variation, we could identify differences between allogeneic vs. autologous BMDMSCs in noninflamed joints.Study designRandomised‐controlled experiment.MethodsBone marrow was harvested from eight horses. Autologous BMDMSCs were culture expanded, cryopreserved and thawed immediately prior to administration. For allogeneic BMDMSC treatments, four horses' BMDMSCs were culture expanded, pooled, cryopreserved and thawed immediately prior to use. Ten million (autologous or pooled‐allogeneic) BMDMSCs were administered into contralateral forelimb metacarpophalangeal joints so that every autologous and allogeneic injection could be compared within the same animal. Clinical parameters included subjective lameness, objective lameness (Lameness Locator™), response to flexion, joint circumference and joint effusion. Arthrocentesis was performed for assessment of the nucleated cell count, differential cell count, total protein, and synovial concentrations of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and c‐reactive protein (CRP). All parameters were measured at baseline, 6, 12, 24, 72, 168 and 336 h post‐injection.ResultsNo difference was detected in any parameters between forelimb metacarpophalangeal joints administered autologous or pooled‐allogeneic BMDMSCs.Main limitationsThis study did not attempt to measure efficacy of BMDMSCs for musculoskeletal disease and should be followed by properly controlled efficacy trials.ConclusionsThe study did not identify any clinical or cytological differences in the normal joint response to allogeneic or autologous BMDMSCs. A larger study to prove equivalence is warranted as allogeneic BMDMSCs may be a feasible alternative to autologous BMDMSCs.
Taking metformin and cognitive function change in older patients with diabetes
Authors: Koo Bo Kyung , Kim Lee‐Kyung , Lee Jun‐Young , Moon Min Kyong 
Published: May 2019

AimWe investigated the effects of metformin on cognitive function in a prospective cohort of older adults.MethodsParticipants aged ≥60 years were selected, and their Korean version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Diseases Assessment, including the Mini‐Mental State Examination, and activities of daily living were evaluated prospectively. Rapid deterioration of cognitive function was defined as annual change of test scores in the lowest quartile.ResultsA total of 732 participants (mean age 76.7 ± 6.6 years) were followed up for 2.9 years (interquartile range 1.0–5.7 years). A linear mixed model showed that diabetes was associated with significant deterioration of Verbal Delayed Free Recall and Recognition scores (P = 0.007 and 0.022, respectively). Among diabetes patients, metformin treatment was not associated with changes of any Korean version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Diseases Assessment component or activities of daily living index. However, rapid deterioration of Mini‐Mental State Examination and Verbal Immediate Recall scores was more frequently found in the metformin‐taking group, even after adjustment for age, sex, education level, baseline cognitive function, baseline glycated hemoglobin levels, renal and liver function, body mass index, hypertension, dyslipidemia, antidiabetic agents other than metformin, and baseline brain imaging abnormality (odds ratio 4.47, 95% confidence interval 1.24–16.05 and odds ratio 7.37, 95% confidence interval 1.19–45.56).ConclusionsMetformin treatment was not associated with changes of any of Korean version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Diseases Assessment component scores or activities of daily living index. However, rapid deterioration of Mini‐Mental State Examination and Verbal Immediate Recall scores was more frequently found in the metformin‐treated group. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 755–761.
Bismuth, rabeprazole, amoxicillin, and doxycycline as first‐line Helicobacter pylori therapy in clinical practice: A pilot study
Authors: Gu Lei , Li Shenglan , He Ying , Chen Yi , Jiang Yanzhi , Peng Yu , Liu Xiaowei , Yang Huixiang 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundBismuth‐containing quadruple therapy (BQT) is a recommended alternative first‐line therapy for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. We aim to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a new BQT with amoxicillin and doxycycline as a first‐line treatment for H. pylori infection in clinical practice.MethodsAn open, prospective pilot clinical study including H. pylori‐positive outpatients who had never received eradication treatment was carried out. An RADB regimen (10 mg rabeprazole, 1000 mg amoxicillin, 100 mg doxycycline, and 220 mg colloidal bismuth tartrate, all given bid for 14 days) was prescribed by gastroenterologists. H. pylori eradication was confirmed by a 13C‐urea breath test performed at least 6 weeks after the end of treatment. Regimen efficacy was evaluated by per‐protocol (PP) and intention‐to‐treat (ITT) analyses.ResultsOne hundred eighteen patients were included in the study. The eradication rate of RADB was 93.8% (105/112; 95% CI 89.2%‐98.3%) in PP analysis and 89.8% (106/118; 95% CI 84.3%‐95.4%) in ITT analysis. The patient compliance rate was 97.5% (115/118). The adverse event rate was 6.8% (8/118). Adverse events included asthenia, loss of appetite, dry mouth, heartburn, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. All adverse events disappeared after completion of therapy.ConclusionOur results suggest that 14‐day BQT with amoxicillin and doxycycline can be an effective and safe eradication regimen for first‐line therapy against H. pylori infection in clinical practice.
The relationship between Algebra Nation usage and high‐stakes test performance for struggling students
Authors: Leite Walter L. , Cetin‐Berber Dee D. , Huggins‐Manley Anne C. , Collier Zachary K. , Beal Carole R. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAlthough the use of technology in the K12 classroom has been shown to have a positive impact, research on the use of open education resources (OER) is relatively limited, especially research focusing on low‐achieving students. The present study examines the relationship between usage of Algebra Nation, a self‐guided system that provided instructional videos and practice problems, and the performance of students who had failed the state‐administered Algebra I end‐of‐course (EOC) assessment the previous year. Indicators of usage of Algebra Nation consisted of logins, video views, and practice questions answered. Path analyses and logistic regressions were used to evaluate relationships between usage indicators and algebra scores, controlling for number of absences, free/reduced lunch eligibility, Hispanic/Latino origin, race, and gender. The results indicate that higher levels of logins, video views, and practice questions answered were related to higher scores when the students re‐took the assessment. Logins and practice questions were also related to increases in odds of passing the Algebra I EOC assessment, but not video views. The results suggest that there may be benefits to technology use in the form of an OER adopted by students and teachers on an informal basis and link self‐regulated learning strategies to student achievement.
Leptonotus vincentae, a new pipefish species (Syngnathidae: Syngnathinae) from the south‐west Atlantic Ocean near northern Patagonia
Authors: Luzzatto Diego C. , Estalles María L. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA new species of pipefish Leptonotus vincentae sp. nov. (Syngnathidae) is described on the basis of 12 specimens found in shallow waters (<2 m depth) of San Antonio Bay, Patagonia, Argentina, in the south‐west Atlantic Ocean. The species is distinguished from congeners by the combination of: dorsal‐fin rays 30–33, pectoral‐fin rays 12–13, trunk rings 18–19, tail rings 43–46, subdorsal rings (2–4) + (5.5–8) = (8.5–10), head length 13–14% standard length, snout length 35–55% head length and snout depth 21–30% in snout length. Although this species has often been mistaken for Leptonotus blainvilleanus, most diagnostic characters of the two species differ. Both species are clearly distinguished by their snout length. L. blainvilleanus has a relatively longer snout than L. vincentae sp. nov. The new species is similar to a south‐west Pacific species, Leptonotus elevatus. However, L. vincentae sp. nov. differs from this species in that it exhibits a lower number of dorsal‐fin rays and a relatively longer head.
In situ molecular characterization of endoneurial microvessels that form the blood‐nerve barrier in normal human adult peripheral nerves
Authors: Ouyang Xuan , Dong Chaoling , Ubogu Eroboghene E. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe blood‐nerve barrier (BNB) formed by tight junction‐forming endoneurial microvessels located in the innermost compartment of peripheral nerves, and the perineurium serve to maintain the internal microenvironment required for normal signal transduction. The specific molecular components that define the normal adult human BNB are not fully known. Guided by data derived from the adult human BNB transcriptome, we evaluated the in situ expression of 25 junctional complex, transporter, cell membrane, and cytoskeletal proteins in four histologically normal adult sural nerves by indirect fluorescent immunohistochemistry to determine proteins specifically expressed by restrictive endoneurial microvascular endothelium. Using Ulex Europaeus Agglutinin‐1 expression to detect endothelial cells, we ascertained that the selected proteins were uniformly expressed in ≥90% of endoneurial microvessels. P‐glycoprotein (also known as adenosine triphosphate‐binding cassette subfamily B member 1) and solute carrier family 1 member 1 demonstrated restricted expression by endoneurial endothelium only, with classic tight junction protein claudin‐5 also expressed on fenestrated epineurial macrovessels, and vascular‐specific adherens junction protein cadherin‐5 also expressed by the perineurium. The expression profiles of the selected proteins provide significant insight into the molecular composition of normal adult peripheral nerves. Further work is required to elucidate the human adult BNB molecular signature in order to better understand its development and devise strategies to restore function in peripheral neuropathies.
Chitosan combined with sodium silicate treatment induces resistance against rot caused by Alternaria alternata in postharvest jujube fruit
Authors: Guo Yijing , Zhou Jiexin , Zhang Jingru , Zhang Shaoying 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe effect of chitosan (0.1 mol/L) combined with sodium silicate (100 mmol/L) treatment on Alternaria rot caused by Alternaria alternata in postharvest jujube fruit (Ziziphus jujuba Mill. cv. Dongzao) was studied. The results showed that chitosan combined with sodium silicate treatment significantly reduced the lesion diameter, decay incidence, red index and weight loss of jujube fruit compared with control samples. Combining treatment increased the ascorbic acid, flavonoids, total phenolic compounds and lignin content. The level of superoxide anion () and hydrogen peroxide of treated samples was also increased compared with the control samples. Meanwhile, the activities of phenylalanine ammonia lyase, polyphenol oxidase, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, chitinase and β‐1,3‐glucanase were also accumulated in treated jujube samples, while the activity of catalase markedly decreased. These results indicated that chitosan combined with sodium silicate treatment could induce the disease resistance of postharvest jujube. Therefore, coating postharvest jujube using chitosan combined with sodium silicate could promise as a novel method for preventing the disease infection of postharvest jujube.
Risk factors and select cardiac characteristics in dogs naturally infected withTrypanosoma cruzipresenting to a teaching hospital in Texas
Authors: Meyers Alyssa C. , Hamer Sarah A. , Matthews Derek , Gordon Sonya G. , Saunders Ashley B. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundChagas disease, caused by the protozoan parasiteTrypanosoma cruzi, causes sudden death and chronic heart disease with no currently approved treatment.ObjectiveTo report epidemiologic and select cardiac characteristics associated withT. cruziinfection in dogs presenting to a teaching hospital in Texas.AnimalsThree hundred seventy‐five client‐owned dogs.MethodsA retrospective search of medical records identified dogs tested forT. cruziantibodies or with histologicT. cruziparasites. Data retrieved included signalment, location of residence, reported reason for testing, cardiac troponin I (cTnI) concentration, and ECG abnormalities.ResultsTrypanosoma cruzi‐infected dogs (N = 63, 16.8%) were significantly younger than negative dogs (N = 312) (mean, 5.9 ± 3.8 versus 7.4 ± 4.0 years;P = .007) with no difference by sex or breed. Ninety‐one breeds were tested; the highest percent infected were non‐sporting (10/35; 29%) and toy breed (10/42; 24%) groups. The odds of infection were 13 times greater among dogs with an infected housemate or littermate (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.94‐50.45;P< .001). Infected dogs were more likely to have ventricular arrhythmias (odds ratio [OR], 2.19; 95% CI, 1.15‐4.33,P = .02), combinations of ECG abnormalities (OR, 2.91; 95% CI, 1.37‐5.99;P = .004), and cTnI >0.129 ng/mL (ADVIA; OR, 10.71; 95% CI, 1.60‐212.21;P = .035).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceDogs infected withT. cruziwere identified in Texas in many breed groups including breeds affected by well‐described heart diseases that mimic Chagas disease suggesting a need for increased awareness, including knowledge of when to consider testing.
Conventional and functional magnetic resonance imaging features of late subacute cortical laminar necrosis in a dog
Authors: Alisauskaite Neringa , Wang‐Leandro Adriano , Dennler Matthias , Kantyka Marta , Ringer Simone K. , Steffen Frank , Beckmann Katrin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCerebral cortical laminar necrosis (CLN) is a consequence of severe hypoxic, ischemic, or hypoglycemic events. In humans, these cortical lesions show characteristic linear T1‐weighted (T1W) hyperintensity in the late subacute stage. Limited information reporting magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in dogs affected by CLN is available. A 3‐year‐old Belgian Shepherd dog was referred 8 days after sudden onset of blindness after general anesthesia. Neurological examination showed central blindness and mild ataxia. Three‐Tesla MRI examination of the brain revealed bilateral asymmetrical areas of T2‐weighted hyperintensity within the occipital, parietal, temporal, and frontal cortex, involving gray and white matter. Furthermore, linear T1W‐hyperintense lesions were found in the cerebral cortex of the same areas and showed heterogeneous contrast enhancement. Perfusion‐weighted images revealed hyperperfusion in the affected regions. Lesions were compatible with subacute CLN with corresponding edema suspected to be secondary to anesthesia‐related brain hypoxia. Three‐Tesla MRI enabled identification of the laminar pattern of the cortical lesions.
Wolbachia strain wAlbA blocks Zika virus transmission in Aedes aegypti
Authors: Chouin‐Carneiro T. , Ant T. H. , Herd C. , Louis F. , Failloux A. B. , Sinkins S. P. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractTransinfections of the maternally transmitted endosymbiont Wolbachia pipientis can reduce RNA virus replication and prevent transmission by Aedes aegypti, and also have the capacity to invade wild‐type populations, potentially reaching and maintaining high infection frequencies. Levels of virus transmission blocking are positively correlated with Wolbachia intracellular density. Despite reaching high densities in Ae. aegypti, transinfections of wAlbA, a strain native to Aedes albopictus, showed no blocking of Semliki Forest Virus in previous intrathoracic injection challenges. To further characterize wAlbA blocking in Ae. aegypti, adult females were intrathoracically challenged with Zika (ZIKV) and dengue viruses, and then fed a ZIKV‐containing bloodmeal. No blocking was observed with either virus when challenged by intrathoracic injection. However, when ZIKV was delivered orally, wAlbA‐infected females showed a significant reduction in viral replication and dissemination compared with uninfected controls, as well as a complete absence of virus in saliva. Although other Wolbachia strains have been shown to cause more robust viral blocking in Ae. aegypti, these findings demonstrate that, in principle, wAlbA could be used to reduce virus transmission in this species. Moreover, the results highlight the potential for underestimation of the strength of virus‐blocking when based on intrathoracic injection compared with more natural oral challenges.
A case of probable cerebral amyloid angiopathy preceded by symmetrical diffusion‐weighted imaging lesions
Authors: Nishida Takashi , Hattori Takaaki , Yuasa Tatsuhiko 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPatients who initially have Alzheimer’s disease dementia with no or mild cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) might later develop CAA‐related inflammation. We described a 76‐year‐old man with possible Alzheimer’s disease dementia and steroid‐responsive probable CAA‐related inflammation. Initial diffusion‐weighted imaging demonstrated symmetrical high signal intensities in the bilateral posterior region, which might suggest ischemia and predilection of CAA pathology for posterior brain regions. Magnetic resonance images thereafter demonstrated asymmetrical cortical swelling in the left temporo‐parieto‐occipital region with leptomeningeal enhancement, which might show subtle cerebrovascular immunological response may influence the subsequent distinct differences.