bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mass fabrication and superior microwave absorption property of multilayer graphene/hexagonal boron nitride nanoparticle hybrids
Authors: Bai Yongqing , Zhong Bo , Yu Yuanlie , Wang Meng , Zhang Jing , Zhang Bin , Gao Kaixiong , Liang Aimin , Wang Chunyu , Zhang Junyan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractGraphene has been regarded as a promising candidate in microwave absorption field but still faces some major challenges, including the limitation of mass production and poor impedance matching. Here, we demonstrate a simple approach to fabricate multilayer graphene in a kilo-mass/hour (≥2.5 kg/h) scale through an oxidation-thermal expansion-air convection shearing process. The subsequent incorporation of hexagonal boron nitride nanoparticles (h-BNNPs) can effectively tailor the dielectric and magnetic properties of the as-obtained multilayer graphene, which can significantly boost its microwave absorption performance. The as-obtained multilayer graphene/h-BNNP hybrid with 40 wt.% of h-BNNPs, exhibits extremely low reflection loss value of −67.35 dB at 8.04 GHz when the absorber thickness is 3.29 mm, ranking it as one of the most attractive absorbers reported to date. Moreover, the multilayer graphene/h-BNNP hybrids possess low densities less than 0.45 g/cm3, making them very attractive for practical microwave absorption application.
Dynamical modeling of multi-scale variability in neuronal competition
Authors: Cohen Benjamin P. , Chow Carson C. , Vattikuti Shashaank 
Published: August 2019

AbstractVariability is observed at multiple-scales in the brain and ubiquitous in perception. However, the nature of perceptual variability is an open question. We focus on variability during perceptual rivalry, a form of neuronal competition. Rivalry provides a window into neural processing since activity in many brain areas is correlated to the alternating perception rather than a constant ambiguous stimulus. It exhibits robust properties at multiple scales including conscious awareness and neuron dynamics. The prevalent theory for spiking variability is called the balanced state; whereas, the source of perceptual variability is unknown. Here we show that a single biophysical circuit model, satisfying certain mutual inhibition architectures, can explain spiking and perceptual variability during rivalry. These models adhere to a broad set of strict experimental constraints at multiple scales. As we show, the models predict how spiking and perceptual variability changes with stimulus conditions.
Determining the appropriate lane width at urban signalised intersections – a case study in Beijing
Authors: Chang Xin , Li Haijian , Rong Jian , Chen Xiaoxuan , Wang Yi 
Published: August 2019

Intersections are the key nodes in an urban traffic network that affect overall traffic efficiency. Lane width is a major element of an intersection that is affected by the saturation flow rate of the intersection. It is also influenced by a variety of other factors, such as road resource constraints, vehicle composition, traffic safety, and driving comfort. To determine the appropriate lane width, this study analysed relationships between lane widths and design‐related factors, including saturation flow rate, lateral safety distance, traffic crash rate, and driver comfort. First, screening and surveys were conducted using the design data of more than 3000 existing crossroads. Then, seven intersections with different lane widths were selected. To collect traffic flow data, video‐based surveys were conducted. Meanwhile, the traffic crash rate was collected to assess traffic safety. Moreover, surveys were conducted to assess the driving experience. Finally, the Delphi method was developed to evaluate the index weights of the design‐related factors. The case study revealed that the optimal lane width for four‐legged intersections is 3.1 m. A lane width of 2.8 m is an alternative for cases of limited road resources. The results could be supplementary guidance or reference for road designers and administrators.
WiFi‐based imaging for ground penetrating radar applications: fundamental study and experimental results
Authors: Feng Weike , Friedt Jean‐Michel , Hu Zhipeng , Cherniak Grigory , Sato Motoyuki 
Published: August 2019

As a fundamental research step for subsurface target imaging by passive ground penetrating radar, some simulation and experimental results of passive bistatic radar imaging for short‐range targets by using IEEE 802.11 Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) wave as the source of illumination have been presented. As the WiFi signal only penetrates shallow layers and yet lacks bandwidth for high resolution subsurface structure mapping, the interrogation of cooperative targets with the passive bistatic radar approach is demonstrated. This strategy is achieved by inserting surface acoustic wave (SAW) delay lines acting as dedicated reflectors allowing for subsurface tagging (identification) or sensing (temperature measurement) through the fine measurement of echo delays. Experimental results show that short‐range targets, such as cars and metallic plates located within 10 m, can effectively be detected and imaged. The response of the SAW delay lines can also be well probed.
Steroidinduzierter Diabetes mellitus: Wie erkennen – wie behandeln?
Authors: Jungmann Eckart 
Published: August 2019

ZusammenfassungGeschätzt werden in Deutschland etwa 1 Million Patienten mit Glukokortikoiden behandelt. Etwa jeder Zehnte entwickelt einen Steroiddiabetes, dessen Entstehung durch verschiedene Risikofaktoren begünstigt werden kann. Außerdem hängt das Risiko einer Diabetesentwicklung von der Glukokortikoiddosierung ab, bei systemischer Therapie ist das Risiko höher als bei lokaler. Auch die topische Glukokortikoidanwendung schließt eine Diabetesentwicklung als unerwünschte Arzneimittelwirkung jedoch nicht aus. Die Entwicklung eines Steroiddiabetes ist auch Symptom des seltenen Cushing-Syndroms. Besteht ein klinischer Verdacht auf das Vorliegen dieses endogenen Hyperkortisolismus, sollte die Diagnostik und Differenzialdiagnostik des Cushing-Syndroms durch laborchemische Screeningtests begonnen werden, unerkannt hat das Cushing-Syndrom eine hohe Morbidität und Mortalität. Bei der Glukokortikoidtherapie mit unphysiologischen Glukokortikoiddosierungen von über 5 mg Prednisolonäquivalent täglich resultiert daraus eine zunehmende Insulinresistenz mit der Folge der hyperglykämischen Entgleisung. Aktuelle Studien erlauben genauere Einblicke in die intrazellulären Kortisoleffekte. Die Diabetesdiagnose wird nach den üblichen Kriterien gestellt. Bei Patienten mit nachgewiesener Glukosetoleranzstörung ist ebenso wie bei Patienten ohne vorbestehenden Diabetes zunächst eine Schulung erforderlich, eine orale Diabetestherapie mit Metformin oder auch Dipeptidylpeptidase (DPP)-4-Hemmern kann hilfreich sein, unter Umständen wird eine Insulinbehandlung notwendig. Bei Patienten mit bekanntem und bereits behandeltem Diabetes ist die Therapie zu eskalieren. Eine zusätzliche Insulintherapie ist zumeist erforderlich, vorherige Insulinmengen müssen um bis zu 100 % gesteigert werden. Wegen der vordergründig postprandialen Hyperglykämie wird die Zugabe von prandialem Humaninsulin gegenüber einem Basalinsulin bevorzugt. Risikofaktoren für die Entwicklung einer Hypoglykämie sind ebenfalls zu berücksichtigen. Es kann nicht durchgängig davon ausgegangen werden, dass die Entwicklung eines steroidinduzierten Diabetes reversibel ist, eine entsprechende Aufklärung der Patienten ist erforderlich.
68Ga-RM2 PET in PSMA- positive and -negative prostate cancer patients
Authors: Hoberück Sebastian , Michler Enrico , Wunderlich Gerd , Löck Steffen , Hölscher Tobias , Froehner Michael , Braune Anja , Ivan Platzek , Seppelt Danilo , Zöphel Klaus , Kotzerke Jörg 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
﻿Aim 68Ga-PSMA-11 is the gold standard for molecular imaging of prostate cancer. However, recurrent tumor manifestations or metastases cannot be detected in every case. Therefore, we investigated if there is an additive value of the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRP-R) ligand 68Ga-RM2 compared to the well-established 68Ga-PSMA-11 in patients with (Group 1) and without (Group 2) pathologic PSMA-expression in different tumor stages.
Patients and Methods Sixteen men (median age: 74 years, range 50–80 years) with prostate cancer in different stages who had a recent negative (n = 8) or pathologic (n = 8) PSMA PET underwent a subsequent 68Ga-RM2 PET. Both examinations were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively and compared in terms of pathologic and physiologic tracer distribution.
Results None of the PSMA-negative patients showed any pathological RM2-accumulation. Pathologic PSMA-uptake was observed in 8 patients of whom 5 had pathologic RM2-uptake. The number of patients with a local recurrence was equal in both scans (n = 3). Bone metastases and lymph node metastases were detected in less patients in RM2 PET compared to PSMA PET (n = 4 vs. 7 and n = 2 vs. 5, respectively). In one patient, PSMA-positive liver metastases were not detected in RM2. RM2 PET revealed two additional lesions indicative for bone metastases in two patients with multiple PSMA-positive bone metastases, which had no therapeutic consequence.
Conclusion At least in our small and heterogeneous patient population, 68Ga-RM2 showed no clinically relevant, additional benefit compared to 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET.
Type VI Choledochal Cysts—Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Amarjothi J. M. V. , Ramasamy Villalan , Jesudasan Jeyasudhahar , NaganathBabu O. L. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCholedochal cysts (CDC), are rare congenital dilations involving the extra hepatic biliary apparatus with or without dilation of the intrahepatic bile ducts. They are conventionally classified into five types. A new type, type VI, causing dilation of the cystic duct between the neck of the gall bladder and the common hepatic duct (CHD) has been described in medical literature which is the rarest of all these subtypes. They are commonly observed in middle aged females and are mostly symptomatic. Most of these cysts need magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) for accurate diagnosis. Treatment options for these lesions are not well defined but range from simple cholecystectomy to complete excision of the entire bile duct and biliary reconstruction, as there is a concern of malignant transformation in these cysts. Hence, these rare cysts, though rare, must be borne in mind when dealing with suspicious cystic lesions in the biliary tract. Here, we present an interesting case of such a rare cyst and its management in a middle aged woman.
Preliminary Development of Solid Dispersion for an Insoluble Compound ZL006 by Miniaturized Hot Melt Extrusion
Authors: Zhang Lijun , Luan Hansen , Lu Weiyue , Wang Hao 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to develop a solid dispersion (SD) by miniaturized hot-melt extrusion (HME) for an insoluble molecule ZL006 which showed potency of increasing leukocytes. A preliminary formulation screening was conducted using solvent evaporation method. The selected SD formulation was further optimized and scaled up using a miniaturized twin-screw extruder. Solid-state characterizations of the scale-up SD and its corresponding physical mixture (PM) were performed by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), modulated differential scanning calorimetry (mDSC), and Fourier's transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). XRPD and mDSC results indicated the formation of amorphous SD. FTIR spectrum indicated the possible hydrogen bond formation between the compound and the excipient. A discriminating non-sink condition micro-dissolution of SD showed the fast release of ZL006 which was approximately two-fold and three-fold of dissolution of PM and pure crystalline compound, respectively. The preliminary in vivo pharmacokinetics (PK) study in rats showed 71% oral bioavailability from the SD, while the bioavailability of ZL006 conventional suspension was less than 1%. Thus, an SD formulation for ZL006 with improved solubility and bioavailability was developed by miniaturized HME with minimal amount of compound at early preclinical stage, which could enable the preclinical evaluation.
Framework for using modern devices in introductory physics courses
Authors: Planinsic Gorazd , Etkina Eugenia 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this paper we introduce a practical framework that guides teachers on how to integrate modern devices (MD) into an existing physics course without adding new topics. The framework has three components: using the device as a black box, using the device to learn the physics behind its operation and using the device to learn new physics. We used two devices (a laser distance meter and an LED) to illustrate how to apply this framework in instruction. We provide examples of learning activities and ideas that students bring in when they engage in these activities. We hope that the framework will encourage and help teachers to systematically use MD in their courses in suggested ways.
Experimental implementations of cavity-magnon systems: from ultra strong coupling to applications in precision measurement
Authors: Flower Graeme , Goryachev Maxim , Bourhill Jeremy , Tobar Michael E 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSeveral experimental implementations of cavity-magnon systems are presented. First an Yttrium Iron Garnet (YIG) block is placed inside a re-entrant cavity where the resulting hybrid mode is measured to be in the ultra strong coupling (USC) regime. When fully hybridised the ratio between the coupling rate and uncoupled mode frequencies is determined to beg/ω = 0.46. Next a thin YIG cylinder is placed inside a loop gap cavity. The bright mode of this cavity couples to the YIG sample and is similarly measured to be in the USC regime with ratio of coupling rate to uncoupled mode frequencies asg/ω = 0.34. A larger spin density medium such as lithium ferrite (LiFe) is expected to improve couplings by a factor of 1.46 in both systems as coupling strength is shown to be proportional to the square root of spin density and magnetic moment. Such strongly coupled systems are potentially useful for cavity QED, hybrid quantum systems and precision dark matter detection experiments. The YIG disc in the loop gap cavity, is, in particular, shown to be a strong candidate for dark matter detection. Finally, a LiFe sphere inside a two post re-entrant cavity is considered. In past work it was shown that the magnon mode in the sample has a turnover point in frequency (Goryachevet al2018Phys. Rev.B97155129). Additionally, it was predicted that if the system was engineered such that it fully hybridised at this turnover point the cavity-magnon polariton transition frequency would become insensitive to both first and second order magnetic bias field fluctuations, a result useful for precision frequency applications. This work implements such a system by engineering the cavity mode frequency to near this turnover point, with suppression in sensitivity to second order bias magnetic field fluctuations shown.
Mass transfer and possible third-body effect on the period variations of the near-contact binary CN And
Authors: Cai Jin-Ting , Yu Yun-Xia , Hu Ke , Xiang Fu-Yuan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe present a period analysis of the near-contact binary CN And using all available times of light minima. It is revealed that the orbital period exhibits a long-term decrease as well as a small-amplitude cyclic oscillation. This result suggests that the secular period decrease at the rate ofdP/dt= −1.4017 × 10−7d yr−1is caused by a combination of mass transfer and angular momentum loss due to magnetic braking. The periodic variation with an amplitude ofA= 0.0036 d and a period ofPmod= 28.3542 yr should be rooted in the light-time effect of a third body, rather than cyclic magnetic activity.
Intra-day variability of three Seyfert galaxies measured with XMM-Newton
Authors: Tripathi Ashutosh , Joseph Wiita Paul , Chandra Gupta Alok , Gu Min-Feng , Liao Mai 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
We present and analyze the variability of three Seyfert galaxies on intra-day timescales. We have analyzed in a uniform manner the 38 longest (>30 ks) observations made for NGC 4051, MCG-06–30–15 and NGC 4151 by XMM-Newton between 2000 and 2015. The nuclei were quite active during essentially all of these observations and the overall X-ray fluxes (0.3–10 keV) varied by an order of magnitude. Most of the observations do appear to show characteristic timescales, estimated through their auto-correlation functions, ranging between ∼2.9 ks and ∼45.3 ks. The hard (2–10 keV) and soft (0.3–2.0 keV) bands are very well correlated but consideration of their hardness ratios shows that the sources typically soften during flares. We also provide new estimates of the central black hole masses for these three AGNs that support the hypothesis that Narrow Line Seyfert 1 galaxies have relatively small central black holes.
Stellar spectral classification and feature evaluation based on a random forest
Authors: Li Xiang-Ru , Lin Yang-Tao , Qiu Kai-Bin 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
With the availability of multi-object spectrometers and the design and operation of some large scale sky surveys, the issue of how to deal with enormous quantities of spectral data efficiently and accurately is becoming more and more important. This work investigates the classification problem of stellar spectra under the assumption that there is no perfect absolute flux calibration, for example, when considering spectra from the Guo Shou Jing Telescope (the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope, LAMOST). The proposed scheme consists of the following two procedures: Firstly, a spectrum is normalized based on a 17th order polynomial fitting; secondly, a random forest (RF) is utilized to classify the stellar spectra. Experiments on four stellar spectral libraries show that the RF has good classification performance. This work also studied the spectral feature evaluation problem based on RF. The evaluation is helpful in understanding the results of the proposed stellar classification scheme and exploring its potential improvements in the future.
AstroSat observation of GX 5–1: spectral and timing evolution
Authors: Bhulla Yashpal , Misra Ranjeev , Yadav J S , A Jaaffrey S N 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
We report on the first analysis of an AstroSat observation of the Z-source GX 5–1 on 2017 February 26−27. The hardness-intensity plot reveals that the source traced out the horizontal and normal branches. The 0.8−20 keV spectra from simultaneous SXT and LAXPC data at different locations of the hardness-intensity plot can be described well by disk emission and a thermal Comptonized component. The ratio of the disk flux to the total flux, i.e., the disk flux ratio, increases monotonically along the horizontal branch to the normal one. Thus, the difference between the normal and horizontal branches is that in the normal branch, the disk dominates the flux while in the horizontal one it is the Comptonized component which dominates. The disk flux scales with the inner disk temperature as

T

in

5.5

and not as

T

in

4

, suggesting that either the inner radius changes dramatically or that the disk is irradiated by the thermal component changing its hardness factor. The power spectra reveal a quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) whose frequency changes from ∼30 Hz to 50 Hz. The frequency is found to correlate well with the disk flux ratio. In the 3−20 keV LAXPC band, the r.m.s. of the QPO increases with energy (r.m.s.

∝

E

0.8

), while the harder X-rays seem to lag the soft ones with a time-delay of milliseconds. The results suggest that the spectral properties of the source are characterized by the disk flux ratio and that the QPO has its origin in the corona producing the thermal Comptonized component.
The diurnal variation of polarization characteristics of the Earth treated as an exoplanet
Authors: Wang Shuang , Qu Zhong-Quan , Li Hao 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The diurnal polarization variation of the Earth, treated as an exoplanet with an unresolved disk but resolvable from its host star, is presented in three wavelength bands centered at 490 nm, 670 nm and 865 nm respectively according to French satellite-borne PARASOL data. We aim to estimate disk-integrated polarization of the Earth with a phase angle of 55°. It is shown that: (1) the linear polarization signal and its variation are ascribed to the combination of surface feature distribution and atmospheric conditions acting as a variable polarimetric modulator; and (2) the polarimetric wavelength dependence is strong due to the atmospheric wavelength sensitivity. During the period when the PARASOL data were acquired, the cloud coverage ranged from 44.0% to 57.7%, and the polarimetric diurnal variation amplitude was within 1.8% in the 490 nm band, 1.3% in the 670 nm band and 1.5% in the 865 nm band.
The local properties of supernova explosions and their host galaxies
Authors: Zhou Li , Liang Yan-Chun , Ge Jun-Qiang , Shao Xu , Chen Xiao-Yan , Deng Li-Cai 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
We aim to understand the properties at the locations of supernova (SN) explosions in their host galaxies and compare with the global properties of these host galaxies. We use the integral field spectrograph (IFS) of Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) to generate 2D maps of the parameter properties for 11 SN host galaxies. The sample galaxies are analyzed one by one in detail in terms of their properties of velocity field, star formation rate, oxygen abundance, stellar mass, etc. This sample of SN host galaxies has redshifts around

z
∼
0.03

, which is higher than those of previous related works. The higher redshift distribution allows us to obtain the properties of more distant SN host galaxies. Metallicity (gas-phase oxygen abundance) estimated from integrated spectra can represent the local metallicity at SN explosion sites with small bias. All the host galaxies in our sample are metal-rich galaxies (12+

log

(O/H)

>
8.5

) except for NGC 6387, which means SNe may be more inclined to explode in metallicity-rich galaxies. There is a positive relation between global gas-phase oxygen abundance and the stellar mass of host galaxies. We also try to compare the differences of the host galaxies between SNe Ia and SNe II. In our sample, both SNe Ia and SNe II can explode in normal galaxies, but SNe II can also explode in an interacting or a merging system, in which star formation is occurring in the galaxy.
Intelligent Control Approach for Fluid Power Transmission of a Wind Turbine System
Authors: Mungekar Abhishek , Venkatesan Kalaichelvi , Ramanujam Karthikeyan , Savio Lourence Jason 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Fluid power transmission has caught the eye in recent times, in the field of wind turbine technology. The turbine rotor blades tend to yield an aerodynamic torque, which is transformed into a high pressure fluid through a pump. This fluid is utilized to generate speed and torque yet again at the distant end of the circuit. The paramount objective of this research is to obtain a virtually operating dynamic model of a hydraulic powered transmission in a wind turbine, in order to understand its dynamic behaviour and also, to obtain knowledge about the influence of the prime parameters on the wind turbine. To accomplish this task, a virtual hydraulic powered wind turbine system is designed with a power rating of 23KW. The process is virtually simulated on the AUTOMATION STUDIO software (version 6.2). The intelligent control strategy used in the present work is based on fuzzy logic that uses human intelligence for a particular desired outcome. The effectiveness of the recommended controller is contrasted with that of a conventional PID controller in the following paper.