bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunomodulation and Oxidative Stress in Denim Sandblasting Workers: Changes Caused by Silica Exposure
Authors: Palabiyik Saziye Sezin , Girgin Gözde , Tutkun Engin , Yilmaz Ömer Hinc , Baydar Terken 
Published: May 2018

Abstract Workers in denim sandblasting are at a high risk of developing silicosis, an occupational lung disease caused by inhaling crystalline silica dust. The development and progress of silicosis is associated with the activation of the immune system and oxidative stress. In the former, interferon-gamma induces both neopterin release and the enzyme indoleamine [2, 3]-dioxygenase (IDO) in various cells. The determination of the kynurenine-to-tryptophan ratio and neopterin concentration has proven to be an efficient method to monitor the activation status of IDO and cellular immunity. The present study aimed to investigate whether occupational silica exposure leads to any alterations in neopterin levels, tryptophan degradation, and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), agents in the antioxidant defense system. Fifty-five male denim sandblasting workers and twenty-two healthy men as controls were included. Mean neopterin and kynurenine levels, kynurenine-to-tryptophan ratio, and SOD activity were higher in subjects with silicosis compared to non-exposed controls (all, p<0.05). Neopterin levels and kynurenine-totryptophan ratios were positively correlated (p<0.05); however, no correlation was observed between length of employment and the measured parameters. Some of the measured parameters were significantly affected by the severity of the pathology. Our results suggest that silica exposure activates the cellular immune response. The increased neopterin levels and tryptophan degradation confirm the possibility of their use as an indicator of cellular immune response.
Side-by-Side Determination of Workers’ Exposure to Wood Dust with IOM And Openfaced Samplers
Authors: Čavlović Anka Ozana , Beljo Lučić Ružica , Jug Matija , Radmanović Kristijan , Bešlić Ivan 
Published: May 2018

Abstract Woodworkers’ exposure to airborne particles is measured with different sampling techniques throughout the world. Due to a great number of exposure data obtained with different samplers, European countries have aimed over the last ten years to find a conversion factor for mass concentrations that would render these measurements comparable. Following the accepted EU standards and regulations, we replaced a 25 mm open-faced (OF) filter holder with an IOM head to determine woodworkers’ exposure to inhalable dust and establish an IOM/OF sampler ratio that might serve as a reliable factor for converting the existing OF data to IOM dust mass concentration in the industrial environment. For this side-by-side sampling we used personal 25 mm OF (N=29) and IOM (N=29) sampling heads over eight working hours. The obtained IOM/OF ratios ranged between 0.7 and 2.3. However, mass concentrations obtained by IOM and OF samplers did not significantly differ. Our findings suggest that there is no need for conversion of the existing OF data for workers exposed to wood dust, provided that dust mass concentrations in the working environment range between 1 mg m-3 and 7 mg m-3. Future side-by-side measurements should also involve environments with low wood dust mass concentrations.
Cytogenetic Damage in Turkish Coke Oven Workers Exposed to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Association with CYP1A1, CYP1B1, EPHX1, GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 Gene Polymorphisms
Authors: Ada Ahmet Oguz , Demiroglu Canan , Yilmazer Meltem , Suzen Halit Sinan , Demirbag Ali Eba , Efe Sibel , Alemdar Yilmaz , Iscan Mumtaz , Burgaz Sema 
Published: May 2018

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the frequencies of chromosomal aberrations (CA) and cytochalasinblocked micronuclei (CBMN) in peripheral blood lymphocytes from Turkish coke oven workers and the influence of CYP1A1, CYP1B1, EPHX1, GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 gene polymorphisms on these biomarkers. Cytogenetic analysis showed that occupational exposure significantly increased the CA and CBMN frequencies. Gene polymorphisms, on the other hand, did not affect CA or CBMN in either exposed or control subjects. However, due to the limited sample size, our findings need to be verified in future studies with a larger sample
UČINKOVITOST BIOLOŠKI AKTIVNIH SASTAVNICA MATIČNE MLIJEČI: ANALIZA I STANDARDIZACIJA
Authors: Oršolić Nada 
Published: May 2018

SažetakFunkcionalna hrana postala je važan sektor u promicanju zdravstvenih prednosti hrane preko njenih funkcionalnih sastojaka sadržanih u ovim proizvodima. Posljednjih godina povećano je zanimanje potrošača i prehrambene industrije ne samo za funkcionalne sastojke hrane nego i za način na koji mogu pomoći u održavanju ljudskoga zdravlja. Mišljenje da prehrana ima važnu ulogu u sprečavanju i liječenju bolesti široko je prihvaćeno. Brojni literaturni podatci upućuju na to da pčelinji proizvodi, uključujući matičnu mliječ, mogu imati blagotvoran učinak na ljudsko zdravlje. Matična je mliječ pčelinji proizvod s brojnim biološki aktivnim sastojcima zdrave hrane. Izlučevina je posebnih žlijezda (hipofaringealnih i mandibularnih) koju pčele radilice (Apis mellifera L.) koriste za hranjenje matice i ličinki. Matična mliječ sadrži znatnu količinu proteina, slobodnih aminokiselina, lipida, vitamina i šećera. Njene su karakteristične sastavnice bioaktivne tvari, primjerice trans-10-hidroksi-2-decenska kiselina, antibakterijski proteini, i protein mase 350 kDa protein, nazvan apisin, koji stimulira proliferaciju ljudskih monocita. Matična mliječ pokazuje brojne fiziološke i farmakološke učinke u sisavaca, uključujući vazodilataciju i sniženje krvnog tlaka, sniženje vrijednosti kolesterola, usporavanje procesa starenja, antioksidativnu aktivnost, imunomodulacijski te protuupalni, antimikrobni, estrogenski, antiosteoporozni i protutumorski učinak. Ublažavanje simptoma menopauze također je jedan od povoljnih učinaka matične mliječi. Ovaj pregledni članak upućuje na molekularne mehanizme uključene u razvoj pojedinih poremećaja te na odnos između matične mliječi i raznovrsnih bolesti na temelju dosadašnjih rezultata različitih in vivo i in vitro istraživanja. Rad također opisuje tumačenja mogućih mehanizama višestrukih korisnih učinaka matične mliječi u borbi protiv starenja i komplikacija povezanih sa starenjem. Osim toga, navode se i preporuke o definiranju standarda kakvoće matične mliječi s obzirom na to da rezultati analize ovoga pčelinjega proizvoda upućuju na značajne razlike u sastavu i djelotvornosti svježih i dehidriranih uzoraka.
The Camouflage of the Sacred in the Short Fiction of Hemingway
Authors: Zaid Ali 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This essay examines the short fiction of Ernest Hemingway in the light of Mircea Eliade’s notion of the camouflage of the sacred and the larval survival of original spiritual meaning. A subterranean love pulsates beneath the terse dialogue of Hemingway’s characters whose inner life we glimpse only obliquely. In the short play (“Today Is Friday”) and four short stories (“The Killers,” “A Clean Well-Lighted Place,” “Old Man at the Bridge,” and “The Light of the World,” discussed here, light imagery, biblical allusions, and the figure of Christ, reveal a hidden imaginary universe. This sacral dimension has been largely overlooked by critics who dwell on the ostensible spiritual absence that characterizes Hemingway’s fiction.
The Prevalence of Coronary Heart Disease, Stroke and Selected Co-Morbidities in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Population - Based on Cohort Study of Outpatients
Authors: Bukova Linda , Galajda P. , Mokan M. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The prospective study analyses prevalence of coronary heart disease, stroke, elevated serum levels of ALT and GGT and prevalence of cancer diseases in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus, and usage of this epidemiological data in everyday clinical practice. Outpatients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus were monitoring during the period of August 2007 - August 2011. The patients with previously treated type 2 diabetes mellitus were eliminated from the monitoring. The population consists of 117 males and 83 females aged 30 to 92 years sent by GPs and various specialists.
The relatively low prevalence of known coronary artery disease was recorded in men (34%) and in women (19%). Prevalence of stroke history was confirmed in 12% of men and 7% of women. The elevated serum ALT levels > 0.55 μkat/l was recorded in 45% of men and 45% of women and elevated serum GGT levels > 0.45 μkat/l was recorded in 81% of men and 68% of women. Prevalence of cancer diseases was recorded 5% in women and 5.26% of men. In the studied group of patients there was recorded the occurrence of colon cancer in men over 64 years old and the occurrence of breast cancer, endometrial cancer and colon cancer in women over 62 years old.
Internet-Based Promotion of Safer Sex and Condom Use among Young People
Authors: Kocić Biljana , Kostić Marina , Cagulović Tatjana 
Published: May 2018

Summary
Sex education is aimed at equipping individuals with sex-related information, motivation, and behavioral skills that will enable them to avoid sex-related problems and to achieve sexual well-being. Safer sex promotion and condom promotion and distribution programmes have grown significantly since the beginning of the AIDS epidemic. Condom use among young people is especially important because the young are often at greatest risk of HIV infection and have the least access to condoms. In many countries, where the Internet is part of the media landscape, not-for-profit agencies, governments and commercial condom companies alike have started utilising the Internet to promote safer sex and condom use. Most young people have regular access to the internet, and there is some expectation that the Internet is helping to fill the sexual health information gap. The development of an Internet-based, theoretically-driven, innovative approach to sex education weds the special strengths of the Internet as a rich, interactive, individualized pedagogical tool in order to provide effective sex education to large numbers of individuals in a very cost-effective fashion. The proposed approach exploits the characteristics of anonymity, availability, affordability, acceptability, and aloneness of using the Internet. Within this approach, learners are first individually assessed in terms of information, motivation, and behavioral skills deficits that are relevant to the individual's sexual problems and sexual well-being.
Immune Response in Infections Caused by Helminthes
Authors: Zdravković Dragan , Kostić Jovana , Radović Jelena , Kostić Aleksandar , Potić Floranović Milena , Ristić Petrović Ana , Ignjatović Aleksandra , Tasić Aleksandar , Miladinović Tasić Nataša , Otašević Suzana 
Published: May 2018

Summary
The first line of defence in parasitic infection is the innate immune system. On the other hand, adaptive immune system posseses numerous mechanisams of hummoral and cellular immunity.
Cellular immunity in a helminth infection is characterised by Th2 immune response. Considering the fact that the aim of a parasite is not to kill its host, the majority of parasites are highly addapted to the life inside the host, and succesefully avoid or limit its deffences. A special signifficance of the parasite as a potential pathogen is its possibility to escape immunity. Numerous helminths are releasing different substances that are acting as lymphocyte suppressors and macrophage inactivators and they are capable of destroying antibodies. They have a possibility of camouflage, sequestration and surface shell peeling with the aim to avoid immune response. Latest research in the field of immunology has revealed the significance of CD40 co-stimumlating protein of antigen presenting cells in the immune response to parasitic infection.
Immune response in the course of parasitic infestion is important in pathogenesis of helminthioses.
Role of Vitamin D as an Anti-Proliferative Compound on Prostate Cancer
Authors: Kabir Ahmad Humayan , Khan Ferdhos , Sarkar Mamunur Rashid 
Published: May 2018

Summary
The reason of prostate cancer is the mutation in the prostate cell. The present study was aimed at determining the effects of different concentrations of vitamin D on the anti-proliferative action of 24,25(OH)2D3 applied on LNCaP (cell line of human prostate cancer) cells. It was evident from the results that vitamin D having concentrations of 10-9nM showed the best anti-proliferative action on prostate cancer cells (LNCaP cells) compared to other concentrations used. Most of the receptors were expressed at 10-9nM resulting clear band in agarose gel image. Results also revealed that both nVDR and AR receptors (androgen receptors) were expressed well when treated with 10-9nM and 10-10nM concentrations of 24,25(OH)2D3. These findings confirm the potential use of vitamin D as an anti-proliferative compound against prostate cancer cells.
Efficacy of English Language Programs as Judged by Nurses and Students of Nursing: Do Nurses in Iran Need to Know English?
Authors: Shomoossi Nematullah , Rad Mostafa , Rakhshani Mohammad Hasan 
Published: May 2018

Summary
Nurses among other medical professions are expected and need to communicate in English. The present study will report the views of nurses and students of nursing on the efficacy of English programs at Iranian medical universities in three major areas: general usage, medical usage, and research usage.
This descriptive study included 130 students of nursing and 167 nurses selected through randomized clustering sampling. It was conducted in Sabzevar, Iran. They were asked to fill out a questionnaire including demographic information and 31 Likert questions on the effectiveness of ELT programs in medical universities.
The participants judged the efficacy of EFL instruction in the General English section to be 25.7306±8.29288 (out of 50), the Medical English to be 21.1434± 7.40024 (out of 45), and the Research usage to be 24.6496±11.56735 (out of 60), showing a wide gap. However, the effectiveness of the current ELT programs was not so differently judged by male and female participants. Males considered the Research usage to be more affected by the current programs but females did not think so; however, the difference of views was not statistically significant (P=0.019).
In general, the results indicated a wide gap between the judgment of nurses and students of nursing about the efficacy of the ELT programs in Iranian medical universities. Therefore, a change is needed to cater for the expectations from the nursing job as far as the English language is concerned as a means of communication in the world today.
Treatment of War Trauma Fractures of the Proximal Humerus
Authors: Grubor Predrag , Mitković Milorad , Grubor Milan , Mitković Milan 
Published: May 2018

Summary
A war wound to the proximal humerus is characterised by profuse bleeding, multifragmentary fracture-dislocations, defects of the muscle tissue, capsule, skin and by primary contamination with polymorphic bacterial flora, and it is rarely isolated.
Out of 27 injured people, subluxation/dislocation of the humeral head occured in the first four patients who suffered a proximal humeral fracture resulting from a warrelated trauma stabilized with an external fixator. Two pins were inserted into the humeral head, and the other two into the diaphysis. In the other wounded people, there was no subluxation/dislocation of the humerus because the pins were placed into the clavicle, into the acromion or spinous process of the scapula.
Out of the 27 patients treated for proximal humeral injuries, the contact was established with 11. Out of these 11 patients, only in one patient we did not use the clavicle, the acromion or spinous process of the scapula to stabilize the fracture. The result of the treatment was poor due to avascular necrosis of the head and ankylosis of the shoulder. In the ten remaining patients we used 'temporary' placement of a pin into the clavicle or into the acromion or spinous process of the scapula. The final outcome of the treatment was satisfactory. The average Constant score was 59 points.
There is little data in professional literature about injuries to the proximal humerus caused by war-related trauma. The most commonly used system of classification of peacetime traumas is the Neer or AO classification system as there are balanced algorythms in the protocol for treating the trauma.
Proximal humeral fractures should be stabilized with an external fixator, inserting one pin into the clavicle or into the acromion or scapular spine. This prevents the subluxation/dislocation of the humeroscapular joint and facilitates early mobilisation, and thus improves the clinical result and reduces complications.
Gnss Signal Processing in Gpu
Authors: Roule Petr , Jakubov Ondřej , Kovář Pavel , Kařmařík Petr , Vejražka František 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT
Signal processing of the global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) is a computationally demanding task due to the wide bandwidth of the signals and their complicated modulation schemes. The classical GNSS receivers therefore utilize tailored digital signal processors (DSP) not being flexible in nature. Fortunately, the up-to-date parallel processors or graphical processing units (GPUs) dispose sufficient computational power for processing of not only relatively narrow band GPS L1 C/A signal but also the modernized GPS, GLONASS, Galileo and COMPASS signals.
The performance improvement of the modern processors is based on the constantly increasing number of cores. This trend is evident not only from the development of the central processing units (CPUs), but also from the development of GPUs that are nowadays equipped with up to several hundreds of cores optimized for video signals. GPUs include special vector instructions that support implementation of massive parallelism. The new GPUs, named as general-purpose computation on graphics processing units (GPGPU), are able to process both graphic and general data, thus making the GNSS signal processing possible.
Application programming interfaces (APIs) supporting GPU parallel processing have been developed and standardized. The most general one, Open Computing Language (Open CL), is now supported by most of the GPU vendors. Next, Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) language was developed for NVidia graphic cards. The CUDA language features optimized signal processing libraries including efficient implementation of the fast Fourier transform (FFT).
In this paper, we study the applicability of the GPU approach in GNSS signal acquisition. Two common parallel DSP methods, parallel code space search (PCSS) and double-block zero padding (DBZP), have been investigated.
Implementations in the C language for CPU and the CUDA language for GPU are discussed and compared with respect to the acquisition time. It is shown that for signals with long ranging codes (with 10230 number of chips - Galileo E5, GPS L5 etc.).
Paper presented at the "European Navigation Conference 2012", held in Gdansk, Poland
Rotor flux oriented control of induction machine based drives with compensation for the variation of all machine parameters
Authors: Extremiana G. , Abad G. , Arza J. , Chivite-Zabalza J. , Torre I. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The performance of rotor flux oriented induction motor drives, widely used these days, relies on the accurate knowledge of key machine parameters. In most industrial drives, the rotor resistance, subject to temperature variations, is estimated on-line due to its significant influence on the control behaviour. However, the rest of the model parameters are also subject to slow variations, determined mainly by the operating point of the machine, compromising the dynamic performance and the accuracy of the torque estimation.
This paper presents an improved rotor-resistance on-line estimation algorithm that contemplates the iron losses of the electrical machine, the iron saturation curve and the mechanical losses. In addition, the control also compensates the rest of the key machine parameters such as the leakage and magnetizing inductances and the iron losses. These parameters are measured by an off-line estimation procedure and stored in look up-tables used by the control. The paper begins by presenting the machine model and the proposed rotor flux oriented control strategy. Subsequently, the off-line parameter measurement procedure is described. Finally, the algorithm is extensively evaluated and validated experimentally on a 15 kW test bench
The digital function filters – algorithms and applications
Authors: Siwczyński M. , Drwal A. , Żaba S. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The simple digital filters are not sufficient for digital modeling of systems with distributed parameters. It is necessary to apply more complex digital filters. In this work, a set of filters, called the digital function filters, is proposed. It consists of digital filters, which are obtained from causal and stable filters through some function transformation. In this paper, for several basic functions: exponential, logarithm, square root and the real power of input filter, the recursive algorithms of the digital function filters have been determined The digital function filters of exponential type can be obtained from direct recursive formulas. Whereas, the other function filters, such as the logarithm, the square root and the real power, require using the implicit recursive formulas. Some applications of the digital function filters for the analysis and synthesis of systems with lumped and distributed parameters (a long line, phase shifters, infinite ladder circuits) are given as well.
Two theorems about Lorentz method for asymmetrical anisotropic regions
Authors: Spałek D. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The paper has dealt with two theoretical problems of calculation of electromagnetic force or torque. The first problem considers the magnetically anisotropic and conductive region. The theorem about equivalence of both Maxwell and Lorentz methods has been presented. The second problem deals with the independence from the integration surface of force or torque calculated by the Maxwell method. The second theorem which presents the sufficient condition for an independence problem in the anisotropic and nonconductive region has been formulated.
Unified summation equations and their applications in tribology wear process
Authors: Wierzcholski K. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This paper presents some applications of summation equations with regard to the calculation prognosis of micro-bearing wear parameters. Summation equations are presented in a new form of difference and recurrence equations where the unknown micro-bearing wear function occurs as the argument of the reciprocal unified operator of summation (UOS). In this paper the properties of the UOS and reciprocal UOS as well as the unitary translation operator (UTO) are defined and applied to a micro-bearing wear determination. The approach of both dual and interaction between summation and recurrence equations and micro-bearing wear determination, makes this paper unique.