bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endothelial cell‐specific progerin expression does not cause cardiovascular alterations and premature death
Authors: Benedicto Ignacio , Hamczyk Magda R. , Nevado Rosa M. , Barettino Ana , Carmona Rosa M. , Espinós‐Estévez Carla , Gonzalo Pilar , de la Fuente‐Pérez Miguel , Andrés‐Manzano María J. , González‐Gómez Cristina , Dorado Beatriz , Andrés Vicente 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHutchinson‐Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare genetic disorder caused by a mutation in the LMNA gene that provokes the synthesis of progerin, a mutant version of the nuclear protein lamin A that accelerates aging and precipitates death. The most clinically relevant feature of HGPS is the development of cardiac anomalies and severe vascular alterations, including massive loss of vascular smooth muscle cells, increased fibrosis, and generalized atherosclerosis. However, it is unclear if progerin expression in endothelial cells (ECs) causes the cardiovascular manifestations of HGPS. To tackle this question, we generated atherosclerosis‐free mice (LmnaLCS/LCSCdh5‐CreERT2) and atheroprone mice (Apoe−/−LmnaLCS/LCSCdh5‐CreERT2) with EC‐specific progerin expression. Like progerin‐free controls, LmnaLCS/LCSCdh5‐CreERT2 mice did not develop heart fibrosis or cardiac electrical and functional alterations, and had normal vascular structure, body weight, and lifespan. Similarly, atheroprone Apoe−/−LmnaLCS/LCSCdh5‐CreERT2 mice showed no alteration in body weight or lifespan versus Apoe−/−LmnaLCS/LCS controls and did not develop vascular alterations or aggravated atherosclerosis. Our results indicate that progerin expression in ECs is not sufficient to cause the cardiovascular phenotype and premature death associated with progeria.
The impact of cysteine on lifespan in three model organisms: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Ma Yue , Chen Mengqi , Huang Kaiyao , Chang Wakam 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCysteine is an amino acid present in thiol proteins and often dictates their secondary structures. Although considered nonessential, cysteine may be essential for patients with certain metabolic diseases and can reduce the requirement for dietary methionine. Cysteine and some of its derivatives, such as N‐acetylcysteine, are considered antioxidants and widely used in animal aging studies. To provide insights into the potential anti‐aging effects of cysteine, we systematically reviewed and performed a meta‐analysis to investigate the impact of cysteine supplementation on lifespan using three model organisms: mice, nematodes, and fruit flies. A total of 13 mouse studies, 13 C. elegans studies, and 5 Drosophila studies were included in the analysis. The findings revealed that cysteine supplementation significantly reduced the risk of mortality in mice and C. elegans. Subgroup analysis showed consistent results across different starting times and administration methods and revealed adverse effects of high doses on worms and a lack of effect in nondisease mouse models. Similar to mice, the effects of cysteine supplementation on Drosophila were not statistically significant, except in transgenic flies. The study identified certain limitations, including the quality of the included studies and the potential for publication bias. We also discussed uncertainties in the underlying molecular mechanisms and the clinical application of dietary cysteine.
Determinants of quality of life and emotional well‐being in a bariatric surgery seeking cohort of 1501 multi‐ethnic Asian patients
Authors: Chua Wei Yu , Chia Daryl Kai Ann , Chan Yiong Huak , Leong Eugene Kwong Fei , Chen Ashley , Asif Sharen , Wong Yu An , Fung Javis , Johnson Rachel Patricia , Poojari Shefali Jay , Gani Qamaruzaman Syed , Lin Wen , Wai Shu Ning , Kayambu Geetha , Lim Serene Peiying , Neo Wen Joo , Wee Candice Xin Yi , Lomanto Davide , Kim Guowei , So Jimmy Bok Yan , Shabbir Asim 
Published: October 2024

SummaryObjectiveThe relationship between ethnicity, obesity and health‐related quality of life outcomes in a multi‐ethnic population remains poorly understood. We aim to investigate the relationship between ethnicity, body mass index (BMI), obesity‐associated diseases, as well as determinants of quality of life (QoL) in Southeast Asian patients with obesity. We aim to develop and validate a simple objective score to identify patients with obesity at high risk for major depression.MethodsAssociations between ethnicity, obesity‐associated diseases, BMI and determinants of QoL (Patient Health Questionnaire‐9 and 36‐Item Short Form Survey) were analysed using multivariate logistic regression in a prospective cohort of 1501 patients with obesity. Multivariate regression and receiver operating characteristics curves were used to develop and validate a novel scoring system to identify patients at risk of major depression.ResultsPatients of Chinese, Malay and Indian ethnicity had increased risk of hypertension (odds ratio [OR]: 1.51 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19–1.92, p < .001]), BMI Class 4 (OR: 17.89 [95% CI: 9.53–33.60, p < .001]) and major depression (OR: 1.71 [95% CI: 1.23–2.39, p = .002]), respectively. Factors associated with major depression (gender, ethnicity, age, obstructive sleep apnoea, Physical Component Score and Mental Component Score scores) were used to create and validate a novel scoring system with an area under curve of 0.812 (95% CI: 0.787–0.837). A cutoff of 4 of 7 points was identified with a sensitivity of 70%, specificity of 81%, positive predictive of 53% and negative predictive value of 90%.ConclusionThe prevalence of metabolic complications from obesity significantly varies with ethnicity. We developed a novel and simple scoring tool combining objective demographic and patient‐reported outcomes to screen and triage patients at risk of major depression.
The role of GRB2 in diabetes, diabetes complications and related disorders
Authors: Ma Jing , Dong Yuyan , Liu Juxiang , Gao Shuo , Quan Jinxing 
Published: October 2024

AbstractGrowth factor receptor‐bound protein 2 (GRB2) is a key adaptor protein involved in multiple signalling pathways, and its dysregulation is associated with various diseases. Type 2 diabetes is a systemic condition characterized by insulin resistance and impaired β‐cell function. The complications of diabetes significantly reduce life expectancy and quality of life, imposing a substantial burden on society. However, the role of GRB2 in diabetes and associated complications is largely unknown. Emerging evidence suggests that GRB2 plays a crucial role in insulin resistance, inflammation, immune activation and the regulation of cellular processes such as cell proliferation, growth, metabolism, angiogenesis, apoptosis and differentiation. Dysregulation of GRB2‐mediated pathways contributes to the progression of diabetic neuropathy, cognitive dysfunction, nephropathy, retinopathy and related disorders. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of the role of GRB2 in diabetes, diabetes complications and related disorders, alongside recent advances in the development of GRB2‐targeted therapies. Elucidating the complex role of GRB2 in these disorders provides valuable insights into potential therapeutic strategies targeting GRB2‐mediated pathways.
Differences in sampling efficiency of each insect order in yellow pan traps with installation of flight interception windows
Authors: Uemori Kazushige , Hishi Takuo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTo monitor insect diversity and community changes, it is necessary to select traps with a high sampling efficiency. We examined the effects of a flight interception window on a small yellow pan trap (flight interception pan; FIP). Our results showed that fewer Hymenoptera individuals were captured by the FIP than by the non‐FIP (NFIP) traps. Fewer Aculeata, Diptera and Hemiptera individuals were captured by the FIP than by the NFIP traps, whereas more Coleoptera individuals were captured by the FIP than by the NFIP traps. The flight interception window did not affect the Aculeata species composition. Considering the labor involved in attaching windows and the reduced ease of trap transport and setting, the NFIP traps are better for sampling Hymenoptera, Diptera and Hemiptera, whereas the FIP traps are better for sampling Coleoptera.
Immunotherapy‐induced reprogramming of cancer‐associated fibroblasts can promote tumor progression
Authors: Yamashita Tomoya , Horiguchi Haruki , Kadomatsu Tsuyoshi , Sato Michio , Moroishi Toshiro , Oike Yuichi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractUse of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) as cancer immunotherapy has advanced rapidly in the clinic; however, ICI initiation can also cause an unexpectedly rapid acceleration of cancer progression in some patients. Here, we used a murine syngeneic melanoma model to conduct mechanistic analysis of cancer‐associated fibroblast (CAF) function in cancer progression in the context of immunotherapy. We found that after ICI treatment CAFs acquire inflammatory properties, which can promote tumor progression. Mechanistically, we show that T‐cell‐derived interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) stimulates production of tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) by macrophages, facilitating CAF conversion to inflammatory CAFs. Our findings suggest that CAF/immune cell crosstalk plays an essential role in ICI‐associated tumor progression.
Establishment of Evidence‐Based Nursing Indices for Dysphagia After Anterior Cervical Spine Surgery
Authors: Yu Chen , Luo Chunmei , Song Caiping 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAimTo select and obtain relevant evidence for the management of dysphagia after anterior cervical spine surgery both domestically and internationally, clinical quality evaluation indicators were developed based on evidence‐based nursing practices, and obstacles and promoting factors in evidence‐based nursing practices were analysed. This research was aimed to provide a basis for evidence‐based nursing practices to promote standardized management of dysphagia after anterior cervical surgery.BackgroundDysphagia is the most common complication following anterior cervical surgery, but there is a lack of standard protocols and guidelines to direct clinical practice.DesignMixed methods were employed for the translational research to support evidence‐based practice.Data SourcesThis study was based on the JBI evidence‐based health care model. According to the ‘6S Evidence Resource Pyramid Model’, we searched from top to bottom.MethodsThis study is guided by the knowledge to action (KTA) evidence‐based practice model. Utilizing a comprehensive evidence‐based approach and following the 6S evidence resource pyramid model, relevant evidence on the management of swallowing disorders after cervical anterior surgery was selected from both domestic and international sources. Based on the best available evidence, the Delphi expert consultation method was used to establish a management plan for swallowing disorders post‐cervical anterior surgery. Semi‐structured interviews were then conducted to identify barriers to clinical implementation, and clinical quality evaluation indicators, as well as promoting factors, were subsequently developed.ResultsBased on the 31 best evidence points, 12 evaluation indicators were developed. The baseline results of these indicators reveal that, apart from evaluation indicator 8, which has a compliance rate of 72.2%, the compliance rates for most of the other indicators are relatively low. Based on the results of the clinical quality review, the following main obstacles were analysed: negative behaviours and attributes, lack of professional knowledge, and lack of standardized management.ConclusionsEffective management of swallowing disorders after cervical spine surgery is crucial for enhancing treatment outcomes, reducing complications, shortening hospital stays and improving patient quality of life. This study identified the best evidence for managing dysphagia post‐anterior cervical surgery and developed corresponding solutions. The next step involves applying these measures in clinical practice to improve patient prognosis and elevate the quality of care.
Severe Acute Respiratory Infection (SARI) due to Influenza in Post‐COVID Resurgence: Disproportionate Impact on Older Māori and Pacific Peoples
Authors: Cheung Isabella M. Y. , Paynter Janine , Broderick David , Trenholme Adrian , Byrnes Cass A. , Grant Cameron C. , Huang S. Qiu , Turner Nikki , McIntyre Peter 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveInfluenza reemerged after a 2020–2021 hiatus in 2022, but understanding the resurgence needs pre‐COVID era surveillance. We compared age‐ and ethnicity‐specific incidence of severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) from a hospital network in Auckland, New Zealand, in 2022 against a baseline, 2012–2019.MethodsAnnual and monthly influenza SARI incidence per 1000 persons by age and ethnic group between 2012 and 2022 was calculated using resident population as the denominator. The hospitals capture most severe illness of the resident population.ResultsInfluenza SARI incidence was highest among <1 year olds (2.62; 95% CI: 1.84–3.61) during 2012–2019, lowest at 6–14 years, and did not significantly increase until 50–64 years (0.35; 95% CI: 0.27–0.45), reaching 1.19 (95% CI: 0.57–1.55) in those ≥75 years. In all age groups, incidence was at least threefold higher in Māori and Pacific Peoples. No influenza SARI was identified in 2020–2021. In 2022, despite an early peak, annual incidence (<65 years) was lower than baseline in all ethnic groups, but incidence (≥65 years) in Māori (2.06; 95% CI: 1.22–3.26) and Pacific (3.94; 95% CI: 2.97–5.13) peoples was higher in 2022 than most baseline years, whereas incidence in NMNP (0.22; 95% CI: 0.14–0.32) was lower than any baseline year.ConclusionAfter no influenza 2020–2021, Auckland had an early, high, narrow peak in 2022. Stratification by age and ethnicity revealed striking discrepancies in incidence among Māori and Pacific adults over 65 years compared with NMNP adults, with implications for targeted vaccination strategies.
Identifying cognitive, affective, and developmental mechanisms linking threat and deprivation with adolescent psychopathology
Authors: Sadikova Ekaterina , Weissman David G. , Rosen Maya L. , Robinson Elise , Lengua Liliana J. , Sheridan Margaret A. , Tiemeier Henning , McLaughlin Katie A. 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundThe mechanisms linking early‐life adversity with psychopathology over the life‐course are complex. In this prospective study, we collectively examined cognitive, affective, and developmental mediators previously found to individually link childhood threat and deprivation experiences to adolescent psychopathology to identify the most potent mechanisms.MethodsData came from a community sample of 227 children (mean child age 11.5 ± 0.5 years, 48.5% female) from the Seattle metro area with recruitment designed to reflect diversity in family income. Candidate mechanisms included self‐rated pubertal development and task‐measured attention bias to threat, emotion regulation, theory of mind, fear learning, inhibitory control, language ability, reasoning, and reward sensitivity. Using a high‐dimensional mediation approach, we determined which mediating pathways linking threat and deprivation to psychopathology persisted after controlling for all candidate mechanisms associated with psychopathology. Models additionally controlled for the child's age, sex, early‐childhood emotional and behavioral symptoms, poverty, and maternal depression.ResultsBlunted reward sensitivity mediated the prospective relationship between threat and internalizing psychopathology, explaining 17.25% (95% CI 1.08%, 69.96%) of this association. Advanced pubertal development was associated with increases in internalizing and externalizing symptoms (standardized associations of 0.16 (95% CI 0.03, 0.29) and 0.17 (95% CI 0.05, 0.29), respectively), but not with adversity. Although deprivation was strongly related to psychopathology, no mechanisms were empirically identified.ConclusionsIn a well‐characterized community sample, we isolated reward sensitivity as a robust mediator of the prospective association between early‐life threat and adolescent internalizing psychopathology. Interventions aimed at bolstering reward sensitivity may mitigate the impact of early‐life threat experiences on internalizing problems.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Self‐Reported Sarcopenia and Its Association With Multimorbidity in Community‐Dwelling Older Adults: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Son Youn‐Jung , Lee Yun Mi , Kim Da‐Young , Kim Eun‐Jung , Ahn Jeong‐Ah 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis cross‐sectional study aimed to identify the impact of multimorbidity on self‐reported sarcopenia and compare the differences in the prevalence and associated factors of sarcopenia in community‐dwelling older adults with and without multimorbidity. We enrolled 876 community‐dwelling older adults in South Korea. Multimorbidity was defined as the coexistence of two or more chronic diseases, and sarcopenia was evaluated using the Strength, Assistance in walking, Rising from a chair, Climbing stairs, and Falling Questionnaire. Binomial logistic regression analyses were performed. Our study revealed that the prevalence of sarcopenia was significantly higher (43.5%) in older adults with multimorbidity than in those without multimorbidity (20.8%). This finding underscores the significant impact of multimorbidity on sarcopenia. We also found that poor perceived health status was the strongest predictor of sarcopenia in older adults with multimorbidity, while oldest‐old age (≥ 85 years) was the strongest predictor of sarcopenia in those without multimorbidity. Large prospective cohort studies using objective sarcopenia screening tools are needed to demonstrate the synergistic effects of multimorbidity and sarcopenia on health outcomes among community‐dwelling older adults.
African Horned Melon (Cucumis metuliferus): Climate‐Resilient Crop and Gene Donor in the Breeding of Major Cucurbits
Authors: Sebati Olga , Shimelis Hussein , Mashilo Jacob 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAfrican horned melon (Cucumis metuliferus E. Meyer ex Naudin, 2n = 2x = 24) is an under‐researched and under‐utilised cucurbit crop primarily grown for its nutritious fruit. In its centre of diversity, the crop is valued for its relatively high tolerance to insect pests, diseases, drought and heat stress. It is a potential opportunity crop and a valuable source of genes to major Cucumis species, including cucumber (Cucumis sativas L.) and melon (C. melo L.). Its climate resilience and nutrient‐rich fruit provide niche market opportunities. Hence, production and value‐adding will make African horned melon a crop of choice globally. There is a need for an in‐depth investigation into the genetic diversity, breeding and food composition of the crop. Therefore, the objective of this review was to provide perspectives on the production and breeding status of African horned melon to appraise its genetic value for human welfare, strategic production, genetic conservation and breeding of market‐preferred varieties, including closely related Cucumis species. The first section described the botany, production status, germplasm resources and characterisation based on phenotypic and genetic markers. This is followed by breeding progress for biotic and abiotic stress tolerance, utilities and challenges of gene transfer and potential rootstock to Cucumis species, especially cucumber and melon. The review summarised the main breeding goals and approaches, including mutation breeding to fast‐track the development of new varieties. Information presented in the review will guide cultivar design in African horned melon or related cucurbits, aiming for superior agronomic and nutritional quality traits and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses.
Towards minilateral climate governance? Analysing climate club design options through the lens of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities
Authors: Hall Catherine 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn response to the limitations of the United Nations climate change regime, a range of dynamic climate governance arrangements have emerged, including minilateral ‘climate clubs’. Although proposed as a solution to move international climate policy forward, depending on their specific design, climate clubs could raise implications from the perspective of the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities (CBDR‐RC). Accordingly, this article aims to analyse different climate club design options through the lens of CBDR‐RC. First, it explains the general rationale for climate clubs and presents a spectrum of key club design features. Second, this article describes how CBDR‐RC has been operationalised under the climate regime. Third, drawing on current club‐like arrangements—namely, the Climate Club, the Clean Energy Ministerial and the proposed Global Arrangement on Sustainable Steel and Aluminium—it critically examines whether different design options are (likely to be) compatible with CBDR‐RC.
Securing commitment and control for the supply of plasma derivatives for public health systems. II: A survey of national pathways
Authors: von Bonsdorff Leni , Farrugia Albert , Candura Fabio , O'Leary Peter , Vesga Miguel A. , De Angelis Vincenzo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesPressures on the supply of plasma‐derived medicinal products (PDMPs) have led to the efforts to increase the level of plasma collected by public health authorities.Materials and MethodsPublic blood collectors were assessed regarding their routes towards domestically sourced plasma and PDMPs.ResultsThe collectors' operations were specified and analysed. Models were classified according to the type of plasma collection system and contract fractionation arrangements.ConclusionCommitment and control to a public plasma collection system are the key features that need to underpin plasma collection.
The safety of pathogen‐reduced platelet transfusions in critically ill term and preterm neonates
Authors: D'hont Alexia , Ecury‐Goossen Ginette M. , Overduin Ruben J. , Manshande Meindert E. , Duits Ashley J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesPlatelet transfusions carry an important risk of infection transmission. The Mirasol Pathogen Reduction Technology system for platelets uses riboflavin and UV light to introduce irreparable lesions into nucleic acids, thereby inhibiting pathogen replication and inactivating white blood cells. The objective of this study is to evaluate the safety of pathogen‐reduced platelet transfusions (PRPTs) in critically ill infants in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in the Caribbean.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a descriptive retrospective study of the use of Mirasol PRPTs in patients admitted to the NICU of the general hospital in Curaçao from February 2016 to April 2023.ResultsA total of 208 PRPTs were administered to 46 patients (median [range] transfusions per patient: 3 [1–24]). Three patients were born term, and 43 were born preterm (median [range] gestational age: 27 4/7 weeks [24 6/7–36 6/7]). PRPTs were well‐tolerated and no complications occurred, especially no signs of haemolysis nor any signs of new infection within 24 h after transfusion. Twenty‐one of 46 patients (46%) died during their admittance. None of the deaths were deemed related to PRPT.ConclusionMirasol PRPT appears to be safe for use in critically ill neonates, including extremely preterm neonates.