bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reliability of deceased‐donor procurement kidney biopsy images uploaded in United Network for Organ Sharing
Authors: Mansour Sherry G. , Hall Isaac E. , Reese Peter P. , Jia Yaqi , Thiessen‐Philbrook Heather , Moeckel Gilbert , Weng Francis L. , Revelo Monica P. , Khalighi Mazdak A. , Trivedi Anshu , Doshi Mona D. , Schröppel Bernd , Parikh Chirag R. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPrior studies demonstrate poor agreement among pathologists’ interpretation of kidney biopsy slides. Reliability of representative images of these slides uploaded to the United Network of Organ Sharing (UNOS) web portal for clinician review has not been studied. We hypothesized high agreement among pathologists’ image interpretation, since static images eliminate variation induced by viewing different areas of movable slides. To test our hypothesis, we compared the assessments of UNOS‐uploaded images recorded in standardized forms by three pathologists. We selected 100 image sets, each having at least two images from kidneys of deceased donors. Weighted Cohen's kappa was used for inter‐rater agreement. Mean (SD) donor age was 50 (13). Acute tubular injury had kappas of 0.12, 0.14, and 0.19; arteriolar hyalinosis 0.16, 0.27, and 0.38; interstitial inflammation 0.30, 0.33, and 0.49; interstitial fibrosis 0.28, 0.32, and 0.67; arterial intimal fibrosis 0.34, 0.42, and 0.59; tubular atrophy 0.35, 0.41, and 0.52; glomeruli thrombi 0.32, 0.53, and 0.85; and global glomerulosclerosis 0.68, 0.70, and 0.77. Pathologists’ agreement demonstrated kappas of 0.12 to 0.77. The lower values raise concern about the reliability of using images. Although further research is needed to understand how uploaded images are used clinically, the field may consider higher‐quality standards for biopsy photomicrographs.
Renal dysfunction in Takotsubo syndrome—role of segmental left ventricle strain analysis
Authors: Dias Andre , Franco Emiliana , Agrawal Akanksha , Hebert Kathy , Ladron de Guevara Felix , Rangaswami Janina , Figueredo Vincent M. 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundTakotsubo syndrome (TTS) is a peculiar clinical condition often resembling an acute coronary syndrome and mostly affecting postmenopausal women. We sought to describe the prevalence of acute kidney injury and acute renal failure in TTS patients during index event and assess the usefulness of speckle tracking echocardiography in predicting subjects at risk of developing acute kidney insult.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective descriptive study reviewing study with the discharge diagnosis of TTS between 2003‐2016 at our Institution. One hundred and two patients met the Modified Mayo Clinic. Acute kidney injury (AKI) was defined as an increment of serum creatinine 2 times greater than baseline and/or at least 50% reduction in baseline eGFR. Acute renal failure (ARF) was defined as an increment of serum creatinine 3 times greater than baseline and/or at least 75% reduction in baseline eGFR as per RIFLE Classification.ResultsAKI/ARF patients had longer length of stay (24 vs 10 days, P = 0.02), had higher mean peak troponin (16.7 ng/mL vs 3.2, P < 0.05) and later peak creatinine day (10 vs 3, P < 0.05). LV Longitudinal strain in the basal segment and apex upon admission was significantly worse in the AKI/ARF group (−4.7 and −6.5, respectively, vs −8.6 and −9.1 in the non‐AKI/ARF group, P < 0.05).ConclusionsOne in every 10 TTS patients may develop AKI/ARF during the acute episode. Segmental longitudinal strain by speckle tracking may have important prognostic value in identifying TTS patients at risk of developing AKI/ARF.
Soil microbial moisture dependences and responses to drying–rewetting: The legacy of 18 years drought
Authors: de Nijs Evy A. , Hicks Lettice C. , Leizeaga Ainara , Tietema Albert , Rousk Johannes 
Published: November 2018

AbstractClimate change will alter precipitation patterns with consequences for soil C cycling. An understanding of how fluctuating soil moisture affects microbial processes is therefore critical to predict responses to future global change. We investigated how long‐term experimental field drought influences microbial tolerance to lower moisture levels (“resistance”) and ability to recover when rewetted after drought (“resilience”), using soils from a heathland which had been subjected to experimental precipitation reduction during the summer for 18 years. We tested whether drought could induce increased resistance, resilience, and changes in the balance between respiration and bacterial growth during perturbation events, by following a two‐tiered approach. We first evaluated the effects of the long‐term summer drought on microbial community functioning to drought and drying–rewetting (D/RW), and second tested the ability to alter resistance and resilience through additional perturbation cycles. A history of summer drought in the field selected for increased resilience but not resistance, suggesting that rewetting after drought, rather than low moisture levels during drought, was the selective pressure shaping the microbial community functions. Laboratory D/RW cycles also selected for communities with a higher resilience rather than increased resistance. The ratio of respiration to bacterial growth during D/RW perturbation was lower for the field drought‐exposed communities and decreased for both field treatments during the D/RW cycles. This suggests that cycles of D/RW also structure microbial communities to respond quickly and efficiently to rewetting after drought. Our findings imply that microbial communities can adapt to changing climatic conditions and that this might slow the rate of soil C loss predicted to be induced by future cyclic drought.
GHR1 Zircon – A New Eocene Natural Reference Material for Microbeam U‐Pb Geochronology and Hf Isotopic Analysis of Zircon
Authors: Eddy Michael P. , Ibañez‐Mejia Mauricio , Burgess Seth D. , Coble Matthew A. , Cordani Umberto G. , DesOrmeau Joel , Gehrels George E. , Li Xianhua , MacLennan Scott , Pecha Mark , Sato Kei , Schoene Blair , Valencia Victor A. , Vervoort Jeffrey D. , Wang Tiantian 
Published: November 2018

We present multitechnique U‐Pb geochronology and Hf isotopic data from zircon separated from rapakivi biotite granite within the Eocene Golden Horn batholith in Washington, USA. A weighted mean of twenty‐five Th‐corrected 206Pb/238U zircon dates produced at two independent laboratories using chemical abrasion‐isotope dilution‐thermal ionisation mass spectrometry (CA‐ID‐TIMS) is 48.106 ± 0.023 Ma (2s analytical including tracer uncertainties, MSWD = 1.53) and is our recommended date for GHR1 zircon. Microbeam 206Pb/238U dates from laser ablation‐inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (LA‐ICP‐MS) and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) laboratories are reproducible and in agreement with the CA‐ID‐TIMS date to within < 1.5%. Solution multi‐collector ICP‐MS (MC‐ICP‐MS) measurements of Hf isotopes from chemically purified aliquots of GHR1 yield a mean 176Hf/177Hf of 0.283050 ± 17 (2s, n = 10), corresponding to a εHf0 of +9.3. Hafnium isotopic measurements from two LA‐ICP‐MS laboratories are in agreement with the solution MC‐ICP‐MS value. The reproducibility of 206Pb/238U and 176Hf/177Hf ratios from GHR1 zircon across a variety of measurement techniques demonstrates their homogeneity in most grains. Additionally, the effectively limitless reserves of GHR1 material from an accessible exposure suggest that GHR1 can provide a useful reference material for U‐Pb geochronology of Cenozoic zircon and Hf isotopic measurements of zircon with radiogenic 176Hf/177Hf.
Current and future directions in Belgian medical and health sciences librarianship: a user‐tailored approach
Authors: De Meulemeester Ann , Schietse Bérengère , Vermeeren Bruno , Ghesquière Elke , Declève Ghislaine , Buysse Heidi , Discart Inge , Alewaeters Katrien , Durieux Nancy , Peleman Renaat , Pauwels Nele 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis article is part of a new series in this regular feature. The series intend to serve as a road map by sharing expertise and drawing together trends that are relevant to both health science librarians and health informatics professionals. The present article is a collaboration of six medical and health sciences libraries in Belgium and the Flemish library and archive association (VVBAD, n.d., https://www.vvbad.be/). It aims to elucidate the extended, user‐tailored approach provided by medical and health sciences libraries in Belgium motivated by the recent changes in user expectations and behaviour.
On terminal crack velocities in glasses
Authors: Quinn George D. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA review of the literature shows that terminal crack velocity, vct, should be correlated with the longitudinal elastic wave velocity, and the structure and density of glasses. Theoretical predictions of vct by the Mott‐Roberts‐Wells model match experimental measurements for some key glasses, including fused silica and low‐density borosilicates. It is suggested that the slower vct results obtained for many other glasses are due to structural variations that cause crack front perturbations. The conclusions of this paper are most likely applicable to ceramics as well.
Evaluation of various salt contents on quality characteristics with or without curdlan of pork myofibrillar protein gels and the development of low‐salt pork sausages
Authors: Lee Chang Hoon , Chin Koo Bok 
Published: November 2018

SummaryThe objective of this study was to evaluate the gelling properties of pork myofibrillar protein (MP) gels at various salt concentrations with or without curdlan, and its application to model sausages with reduced salt levels. When curdlan was incorporated into MP mixtures, cooking yield (CY) at 0.15 m salt was similar to that of 0.45 m salt (P > 0.05). Gel strength of MPs at 0.45 m salt was highest among other salt concentrations. Increased salt concentration tended to be high shear stress values, regardless of the presence of curdlan (P < 0.05). MP gels with increasing salt concentration showed fewer pores and swollen structures. Addition of curdlan improved CY and expressible moisture of low‐fat model sausage with increased salt levels. The addition of curdlan at 1.0% salt reduced the hardness and gumminess, and similar to those at 1.5% without curdlan. These results indicated that curdlan improved the water‐holding capacity and textural properties of low‐fat and low‐salt sausage.
Endogenous rice endosperm hemicellulose slows in vitro starch digestibility
Authors: Sun Jian , Fu Ji , Wang Yin , Ye Hongxia , Wu Dianxing , Shu Xiaoli 
Published: November 2018

SummaryHemicellulose, the primary non‐starch polysaccharide originating from cell walls of rice endosperm, greatly influences the digestibility of starch in food matrix. Three rice varieties differing in total dietary fibre content were treated with hemicellulose and in vitro starch digestion with α‐amylase was conducted. Removing the hemicellulase significantly promoted starch digestion, and the magnitude of the impact was dependent on rice variety. The impact was more pronounced in variety cw high in apparent amylose and total dietary fibre content, while was negligible on the japonica rice Nipponbare. Endogenous hemicellulose slowed in vitro starch digestibility in rice by interacting with amylose and amylopectin, particularly with the long chain amylopectins, inherent existing and during the cooking process. Non‐starch polysaccharides, including hemicellulose, can be tailored in rice to modify the digestible carbohydrate content; however, more research is required to fully understand the interactions between non‐starch polysaccharides and starch and their influences on grain quality.
Appearance of Do‐It‐Yourself closed‐loop systems to manage type 1 diabetes
Authors: Hng Tien‐Ming , Burren David 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAccess to proprietary closed‐loop insulin pump systems is limited. The use of Do‐It‐Yourself closed‐loop systems in Australia is growing. A 2017 Facebook group survey indicated that 20 individuals were actively looping with another 38 yet to commence despite the lack of regulatory body approval. Improved glycaemic control with less hypoglycaemia and better sleep were the main benefits. Local health professionals need to be aware of this technology.
Aldehyde dehydrogenase in regulatory T‐cell development, immunity and cancer
Authors: Bazewicz Christopher G. , Dinavahi Saketh S. , Schell Todd D. , Robertson Gavin P. 
Published: November 2018

SummaryThe role of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) in carcinogenesis and resistance to cancer therapies is well known. Mounting evidence also suggests a potentially important role for ALDH in the induction and function of regulatory T (Treg) cells. Treg cells are important cells of the immune system involved in promoting immune tolerance and preventing aberrant immune responses to beneficial or non‐harmful antigens. However, Treg cells also impair tumor immunity, leading to the progression of various carcinomas. ALDH expression and the subsequent production of retinoic acid by numerous cells, including dendritic cells, macrophages, eosinophils and epithelial cells, seems important in Treg induction and function in multiple organ systems. This is particularly evident in the gastrointestinal tract, pulmonary tract and skin, which are exposed to a myriad of environmental antigens and represent interfaces between the human body and the outside world. Expression of ALDH in Treg cells themselves may also be involved in the proliferation of these cells and resistance to certain cytotoxic therapies. Hence, inhibition of ALDH expression may be useful to treat cancer. Besides the direct effect of ALDH inhibition on carcinogenesis and resistance to cancer therapies, inhibition of ALDH could potentially augment the immune response to tumor antigens by inhibiting Treg induction, function and ability to promote immune tolerance to tumor cells in multiple cancer types.
Emergency department nurse's attitudes towards patients who self‐harm: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Rayner Gillian , Blackburn Joanna , Edward Karen‐leigh , Stephenson John , Ousey Karen 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSelf‐harm is a major challenge to public health. Emergency department (ED) nurses treat significant proportions of patients with self‐harm injuries, and positive therapeutic patient–nurse interactions are imperative to the physical and psychological outcome of this vulnerable patient group. Research, both nationally and internationally, suggests that treating those with self‐harm injuries is emotionally challenging, and ambivalence, powerlessness, and ineffectiveness are commonly manifested in negative attitudes towards these patients. Following the PRISMA guidelines, this systematic review with meta‐analyses examined the attitudes of ED nurses towards patients who self‐harm, based on currently available evidence. The following databases were searched: CINAHL complete; Medline complete; PsycARTICLES; PsycINFO; The Allied and Complementary Medicine Database; Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition; PsycEXTRA; and Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Collection. Clinical trials registries for ongoing and unpublished studies, and scanned reference lists of relevant reports to identify additional studies, were also searched. Five studies were included in the meta‐analysis. The Self‐Harm Antipathy Scale (SHAS) was used as an outcome in two studies appropriate for meta‐analysis. The Attitudes Towards Deliberate Self‐Harm Questionnaire (ADSHQ) scale was used as an outcome in three studies appropriate for meta‐analysis. Results demonstrated limited empathy and negativity towards patients who self‐harm, indicating a requirement for education and supervision of ED staff, where the SHAS or the ADSHQ can be used to monitor attitude change. Self‐harm educational content for ED staff should include areas of knowledge building including explanations and causes of self‐harm; range, forms, and functions of self‐harm; staff responses to self‐harm; assessment, management, and interventions; professional practice issues.
Histologic validation of ICDAS‐II and polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography to detect smooth surface early carious lesions
Authors: Vaswani Sneha , Sharma Divya S , Mishra Shikha , Sharma Sanjay 
Published: November 2018

AimThis in vitro study aimed to histologically validate and compare the methods for detection of smooth surface early carious lesions (ECLs) that is, International caries detection and assessment system for the smooth surface (ICDAS‐II‐SSC), Polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS‐OCT), and radiography.MethodologyPS‐OCT images for scores 0‐3 of ICDAS‐II‐SSC were standardized according to ECLs’ depth. Preliminary PS‐OCT images for ICDAS‐II‐SSC score‐2 of pigmented ECLs showed reduced lesion depth and therefore were dichotomized into scores 2 and 2p for white and pigmented lesions (ICDAS‐II‐SSCm). ECLs on one hundred freshly extracted teeth were scored by three examiners for ICDAS‐II‐SSCm, PS‐OCT, radiography, and histology.ResultsCompared to histology, ICDAS‐II‐SSCm showed a strong positive correlation followed by PS‐OCT and radiographic evaluation. ICDAS‐II‐SSCm had a strong positive correlation with PS‐OCT, while both variables had a weak positive correlation with radiography. PS‐OCT detected the activity of ECLs by directly relating the image depth of ECLs to their mineral volume content.ConclusionThe current scope of ICDAS‐II should be reviewed since the pigmentation can be misinterpreted as an active lesion. Till then, ICDAS‐II‐SSC is an effective visual method for early caries detection. PS‐OCT has the potential to become a probe with the proper algorithm for diagnostic purposes.
Toward temperature‐dependent Bi3+‐related tunable emission in the YVO4:Bi3+ phosphor
Authors: Xie Wei , Tian Canxin , Lyu Fucong , Wang Zesong , Zou Changwei , Kang Fengwen , Dong Huafeng , Sun Guohuan 
Published: November 2018

AbstractUp until now, many previous works have indicated us that the photoluminescence (PL) properties of phosphors sometimes can be changed with the change in the external temperature, resulting in the anomalous PL phenomena and correlated new applications that are difficult to achieve at room temperature. In this work, we report the temperature‐dependent Bi3+‐related PL properties in the YVO4:Bi3+ phosphor. Our findings show that increasing the temperature from 10 to 300 K enables manipulating the energy interaction from groups to Bi3+, thereby leading to the temperature‐induced color tuning from blue (0.183, 0.212) to yellow (0.418, 0.490). Upon this heating process, we further reveal that the dynamic Bi3+ luminescence has experienced a regular transition from double‐exponential to single‐exponential decay, which results in the decrease in the average Bi3+ lifetime from 122.606 to 0.376 μs. Discussions on the PL results imply that the tunable PL observations are due to the interplay of temperature‐dependent energy transfer from groups to Bi3+ and redistribution of the excited 3P0 and 3P1 states of Bi3+ upon the thermal stimulation. This work not only presents the temperature‐triggered Bi3+ tunable properties in the well‐studied YVO4 host lattice but also can provide new insights into revealing Bi3+‐related PL mechanism in other Bi3+‐doped photonic materials in the future and, in the meanwhile, gives some directive ideas for us to explore previously unnoticed applications for rare‐earth (RE; eg, Eu3+, Pr3+, Tb3+, Eu2+, Er3+, etc) and other non‐RE (eg, Bi3+, Mn4+, Mn2+, Cr3+, etc) doped phosphors.
Solid‐state synthesis and characterization of cobalt blue core‐shell pigment particles
Authors: Yoneda Mika , Gotoh Kuniaki , Nakanishi Makoto , Fujii Tatsuo , Konishi Yasuhiro , Nomura Toshiyuki 
Published: November 2018

AbstractCobalt blue is one of the most chemically and thermally stable blue pigments. However, cobalt is scarce and expensive. To minimize the use of cobalt and reduce production costs and toxicity, cobalt blue core‐shell pigments were synthesized by a solid‐state method, which is cheaper than a liquid‐phase reaction. Small cobalt hydroxide particles and large α‐alumina particles, in various ratios, were used as the starting materials. The dry mixed powders were calcined at 1200°C for 2 hours. Elemental mappings of the surfaces and cross sections of the synthesized particles showed that the cobalt blue had a core‐shell structure. X‐ray diffraction patterns showed that the synthesized cobalt blue consisted of an α‐alumina core and a cobalt aluminate shell. The color tone of the synthesized cobalt blue was evaluated from the lightness (L*) and chroma (C*) values. The color tone of the cobalt blue synthesized in this study was almost same as those of commercially available samples although the cobalt molar fraction was lower than the stoichiometric ratio (Co/(Co + Al) = 0.33, Co/Al = 0.5) which was calculated from the chemical reaction formula.
No empirical evidence to support the hypothesis that daily climate variation has an effect on species’ elevational range size: Reply to Chan et al.
Authors: Field Richard , Qian Hong 
Published: November 2018

AbstractFollowing our critique, Chan et al. defend the approach used in their original paper. They reveal their “iterative strategy of SEM” (structural equation modelling), which they claim is “standard” (we show otherwise) and “required for the proper and most effective use of SEM” for hypothesis testing. However, publishing their detailed procedure exposes fundamental flaws: capitalizing on chance and violating important assumptions and principles of SEM. They used the same data to first explore numerous correlations, then fit 29 candidate models (all failed) using the best correlates, then fix model parameters to gain degrees of freedom, then evaluate the “best” model. In producing the “best” model, they fixed five parameters using estimates from regression on the same dataset. They further argue that their stationary bootstrap cures the problems of bias and pseudoreplication; we disagree. At best, Chan et al. developed a hypothesis; they did not perform a valid test of one.