bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robust estimation of risk‐neutral moments
Authors: Ammann Manuel , Feser Alexander 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis study provides an in‐depth analysis of how to estimate risk‐neutral moments robustly. A simulation and an empirical study show that estimating risk‐neutral moments presents a trade‐off between (a) the bias of estimates caused by a limited strike price domain and (b) the variance of estimates induced by microstructural noise. The best trade‐off is offered by option‐implied quantile moments estimated from a volatility surface interpolated with a local‐linear kernel regression and extrapolated linearly. A similarly good trade‐off is achieved by estimating regular central option‐implied moments from a volatility surface interpolated with a cubic smoothing spline and flat extrapolation.
Illiquidity transmission from spot to futures markets
Authors: Korn Olaf , Krischak Paolo , Theissen Erik 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe develop a model of illiquidity transmission from spot to futures markets that formalizes the derivative hedge theory of Cho and Engle (1999). The model shows that spot market illiquidity does not translate one to one to the futures market but, rather, interacts with price risk, liquidity risk, and the risk aversion of the market maker. The model's predictions are tested empirically with data from the stock market and markets for single‐stock futures and index futures. The results support our model and show that the derivative hedge theory provides an explanation for the liquidity link between spot and futures markets.
Mutations in spliceosome genes and therapeutic opportunities in myeloid malignancies
Authors: Taylor Justin , Lee Stanley C. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSince the discovery of RNA splicing more than 40 years ago, our comprehension of the molecular events orchestrating constitutive and alternative splicing has greatly improved. Dysregulation of pre‐mRNA splicing has been observed in many human diseases including neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. The recent identification of frequent somatic mutations in core components of the spliceosome in myeloid malignancies and functional analysis using model systems has advanced our knowledge of how splicing alterations contribute to disease pathogenesis. In this review, we summarize our current understanding on the mechanisms of how mutant splicing factors impact splicing and the resulting functional and pathophysiological consequences. We also review recent advances to develop novel therapeutic approaches targeting splicing catalysis and splicing regulatory proteins, and discuss emerging technologies using oligonucleotide‐based therapies to modulate pathogenically spliced isoforms.
Primary malignant epithelioid and rhabdoid tumor of bone harboring ZNF532‐NUTM1 fusion: the expanding NUT cancer family
Authors: Chien Yen‐Wei , Hsieh Tsung‐Han , Chu Ping‐Yuan , Hsieh Shu‐Min , Liu Mei‐Ling , Lee Jen‐Chieh , Liu Yun‐Ru , Ku Jan‐Wen , Kao Yu‐Chien 
Published: July 2019

AbstractNUTM1 gene rearrangement is the genetic hallmark of NUT carcinoma, an aggressive tumor that most commonly affects the thoracic and head and neck regions and often exhibits squamous differentiation. The most common fusion partner gene is BRD4, followed by BRD3 and NSD3. Recently, NUTM1 gene rearrangement has been identified in rare tumors from soft tissues, intracranial locations, and other visceral organs. These tumors often show high grade malignant epithelioid to round cell histomorphology and lack evidence of squamous and/or epithelial differentiation. Therefore, their relationship with classic NUT carcinoma is still uncertain. Here, we present a primary mandible bone tumor of a 21‐year‐old female exhibiting monotonous epithelioid and rhabdoid cytomorphology, vesicular chromatin, and prominent nucleoli. The initial immunohistochemical workup was non‐specific, showing only CD34 positivity while being negative for cytokeratin (AE1/AE3), EMA, p63, etc. INI‐1 expression was retained. RNA sequencing was performed and identified a rare ZNF532‐NUTM1 gene fusion, which had only been reported in a single case of pulmonary NUT carcinoma. The fusion was confirmed by FISH for NUTM1 gene rearrangement and supported by diffuse and strong NUT immunoreactivity. MYC mRNA up‐regulation and immunoreactivity, a common finding in NUT carcinoma, was also observed in this tumor, suggesting a possible common pathogenetic mechanism and potential treatment target. The patient presented with a non‐metastatic disease status and received hemimandibulectomy, selective neck dissection (level Ib), and post‐operative radiation therapy. She remained disease free 3.6 years after the initial diagnosis.
Genetic analyses supporting colorectal, gastric, and prostate cancer syndromes
Authors: Wallander Karin , Liu Wen , von Holst Susanna , Thutkawkorapin Jessada , Kontham Vinaykumar , Forsberg Anna , Lindblom Annika , Lagerstedt‐Robinson Kristina 
Published: July 2019

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC), prostate cancer (PrC), and gastric cancer (GC) are common worldwide, and the incidence is to a certain extent dependent on genetics. We have recently shown that in families with more than one case of CRC, the risk of other malignancies is increased. We therefore suggested the presence of not yet described CRC syndromes. In this study, we have searched for genetic susceptibility loci for potential cancer syndromes involving CRC combined with PrC and/or GC. We have performed SNP (single‐nucleotide polymorphism)‐based linkage analyses in 45 families with CRC, PrC, and GC. In the regions with suggested linkage, we performed exome and association haplotype analyses. Five loci generated a high logarithm of odds (HLOD) score >2, suggestive of linkage, in chromosome bands 1q31‐32, 1q24‐25, 6q25‐26, 18p11‐q11, and Xp11. Exome analysis detected no potential pathogenic sequence variants. The haplotype association study showed that one of the top five haplotypes with the lowest P value in the chromosome band 6q25 interestingly was found in the family which contributed the most to the increased HLOD at that locus. This study supports a suggested hereditary cancer syndrome involving CRC and PrC and indicates a location at 6q25. The impact of this locus needs to be confirmed in additional studies.
Analytical strategies to include the X‐chromosome in variance heterogeneity analyses: Evidence for trait‐specific polygenic variance structure
Authors: Deng Wei Q. , Mao Shihong , Kalnapenkis Anette , Esko Tõnu , Mägi Reedik , Paré Guillaume , Sun Lei 
Published: July 2019

AbstractGenotype‐stratified variance of a quantitative trait could differ in the presence of gene–gene or gene–environment interactions. Genetic markers associated with phenotypic variance are thus considered promising candidates for follow‐up interaction or joint location‐scale analyses. However, as in studies of main effects, the X‐chromosome is routinely excluded from “whole‐genome” scans due to analytical challenges. Specifically, as males carry only one copy of the X‐chromosome, the inherent sex‐genotype dependency could bias the trait‐genotype association, through sexual dimorphism in quantitative traits with sex‐specific means or variances. Here we investigate phenotypic variance heterogeneity associated with X‐chromosome single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and propose valid and powerful strategies. Among those, a generalized Levene's test has adequate power and remains robust to sexual dimorphism. An alternative approach is a sex‐stratified analysis but at the cost of slightly reduced power and modeling flexibility. We applied both methods to an Estonian study of gene expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL; n = 841), and two complex trait studies of height, hip, and waist circumferences, and body mass index from Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA; n = 2,073) and UK Biobank (UKB; n = 327,393). Consistent with previous eQTL findings on mean, we found some but no conclusive evidence for cis regulators being enriched for variance association. SNP rs2681646 is associated with variance of waist circumference (p = 9.5E‐07) at X‐chromosome‐wide significance in UKB, with a suggestive female‐specific effect in MESA (p = 0.048). Collectively, an enrichment analysis using permutated UKB (p < 0.1) and MESA (p < 0.01) datasets, suggests a possible polygenic structure for the variance of human height.
Cortical network dynamics are coupled with cognitive aging in rats
Authors: Myrum Craig , Rossi Sharyn L. , Perez Evelyn J. , Rapp Peter R. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTChanges in neuronal network activity and increased interindividual variability in memory are among the most consistent features of growing older. Here, we examined the relationship between these hallmarks of aging. Young and aged rats were trained on a water maze task where aged individuals reliably display an increased range of spatial memory capacities relative to young. Two weeks later, neuronal activity was induced pharmacologically with a low dose of pilocarpine and control animals received vehicle. Activity levels were proxied by quantifying the immediate early gene products Arc and c‐Fos. While no relationship was observed between basal, resting activity, and individual differences in spatial memory in any brain region, pilocarpine‐induced marker expression was tightly coupled with memory in all areas of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus examined. The nature of this association, however, differed across regions and in relation to age‐related cognitive outcome. Specifically, in the medial PFC, induced activity was greatest in aged rats with cognitive impairment and correlated with water maze performance across all subjects. In the hippocampus, the range of induced marker expression was comparable between groups and similarly coupled with memory in both impaired and unimpaired aged rats. Together the findings highlight that the dynamic range of neural network activity across multiple brain regions is a critical component of neurocognitive aging.
Validating the theoretical bases of sleep reactivation during sharp‐wave ripples and their association with emotional valence
Authors: Laventure Samuel , Benchenane Karim 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSleep is important for memory consolidation, and an abundant literature suggests that reactivation in the hippocampus during sleep is instrumental to this process. Yet, the current interpretation of activity during sharp‐waves ripples (SWRs), as replay of wake experiences, relies on hypotheses that, while widely accepted, have only recently begun to be tested directly. Moreover, this theory has been mainly studied in the context of pure spatial learning, and it is still not clear how emotional valence can fit into this conceptual framework when considering reward‐ or punishment‐based learning. In this review, we will present recent experimental arguments validating the interpretation of sleep replay as reactivation of awake experiences and examine the evidence showing that the emotional valence is also replayed during sleep in a coordinated fashion with hippocampal SWRs. Finally, we will detail recent experiments showing that brain–computer interfaces can be used to modify the emotional valence associated with sleep replay.
Linking employer branding orientation and firm performance: Testing a dual mediation route of recruitment efficiency and positive affective climate
Authors: Tumasjan Andranik , Kunze Florian , Bruch Heike , Welpe Isabell M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractFaced with competitive labor markets, firms increasingly use employer branding to build a qualified workforce and engage their employees. However, our understanding of the impact of employer branding orientation on firm performance and the theoretical firm‐level mechanisms underlying this potential impact is very limited. To address this gap, we integrate brand marketing theory with human resource management (HRM) research to develop a model explicating how employer branding orientation is linked to firm performance through a dual route by enhancing both recruitment efficiency (i.e., external route: applicants) and positive affective climate (i.e., internal route: incumbent employees). The results of a multisource study (i.e., top management, human resource managers, employees) with 93 firms show employer branding orientation is positively related to firm performance through positive affective climate but not recruitment efficiency. Using a brand equity approach to HRM, our results advance the literature by demonstrating the generalizability of employer branding effects independent of concrete brand attributes and explaining the firm‐level mediating mechanisms linking it to firm performance.
Metformin in contrast to berberine reversed arsenic‐induced oxidative stress in mitochondria from rat pancreas probably via Sirt3‐dependent pathway
Authors: Javadipour Mansoureh , Rezaei Mohsen , Keshtzar Elham , Khodayar Mohammad Javad 
Published: July 2019

AbstractExposure to arsenic has been linked to the development of type 2 diabetes though its mechanism of toxicity remains unresolved. In this study berberine (BBR) effects on arsenic‐induced sirtuin 3 (Sirt3) modifications in isolated mitochondria from rat pancreas were evaluated and compared with metformin (MET). With arsenic, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxidative stress, and insulin resistance were obtained higher than control. From our results and in the presence of arsenic trioxide, insulin resistance and Sirt3 levels were found to be predominantly elevated that could be the result of compensating mechanisms. Apparently, BBR and MET recruit both direct (as an antioxidant) and indirect mechanisms (Sirt3 content) to deal with arsenic trioxide toxicity. Metformin compared with BBR exhibited a less significant effect on ROS levels and since its direct antioxidant property is minor, depressed the ROS level mainly through the Sirt3 modification.
Quercetin protected against isoniazide‐induced HepG2 cell apoptosis by activating the SIRT1/ERK pathway
Authors: Zhang Yueming , Zhang Wenrui , Tao Lina , Zhai Jinghui , Gao Huan , Song Yanqing , Qu Xiaoyu 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIsoniazid (INH) is one of the most commonly used antituberculosis drugs, but its clinical applications have been limited by severe hepatic toxicity. Quercetin (Que), a natural flavonoid, has been proved to have many medicinal properties. This study aimed to clarify the possible protective effects of Que against INH‐induced hepatotoxicity using HepG2 cells. Our results indicated that Que significantly increased cell viability, superoxide dismutase, and GSH levels, while decreased alanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase levels. Besides, Que significantly abrogated INH‐induced cell apoptosis by upregulating the expression levels of Bcl‐2 and decreasing the levels of Bax, cleaved caspase‐3, and cleaved caspase‐9. Furthermore, Que obviously reversed the inhibition of INH on Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression and extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation. Next, the SIRT1 inhibitor EX527 blocked the enhancement of Que upon ERK phosphorylation. Notably, EX527 partially abolished the beneficial effects of Que. In brief, our results provided the first evidence that Que protected against INH‐induced HepG2 cells by regulating the SIRT1/ERK pathway.
Is there any potential anticancer effect of raloxifene and fluoxetine on DMBA‐induced rat breast cancer?
Authors: Tatar Oguzhan , Ilhan Necip , Ilhan Nevin , Susam Solmaz , Ozercan Ibrahim Hanifi 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBreast cancer is the most common cancer among women in the world and the incidence is increasing alarmingly. It was aimed to determine the effect of raloxifene (RAL) and fluoxetine (FLX) on selected parameters in 7,12‐dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)‐induced mammary carcinoma. Thirty‐two female Wistar albino rats were assorted into four groups: DMBA (group I), DMBA+RAL (group II), DMBA+FLX (group III), and DMBA+RAL+FLX (group IV). Mammary tissue vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (M‐CSF), matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9), and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase‐1 (TIMP‐1) levels were determined by the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay method. The tissue VEGF levels were lower in group IV compared with DMBA group. Decreased M‐CSF levels were observed in all therapeutic groups rather than the DMBA group, but the most effective decrease was found in group IV. Compared with the DMBA group, MMP‐9 levels were statistically significantly decreased in group II and group IV. However, TIMP‐1 levels were higher in the whole therapeutic groups rather than the DMBA group and the most effective increase was observed in group IV. Results of the present study suggest that combined therapy of RAL with FLX might lead to a better outcome targeting breast tumor.
Organic dyes containing nonsubstituted aryl amino moieties and azobenzene units for dye‐sensitized solar cells
Authors: Toan Nguyen Duc , Chiu Kuo Yuan , Tran Thai Thi Ha , Yang Te‐Fang , Su Yuhlong Oliver 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA series of novel sensitizers were successfully synthesized utilizing azobenzene as a π‐linkage unit for the D–π–A structure. A slight red shift on the absorption spectra and λonset of the sensitizers could be observed when the thienyl group was introduced to the acceptor moiety (A). In addition, replacing the donor moiety (D) from carbazole to diarylamino could lead to a negative shift (approximately 0.3 V) in the first oxidation potential. DFT calculation was also carried out and the trend of calculated HOMO–LUMO gaps was consistent to the experimental data obtained from the CV results (DT1 < DT2 < DT3 < DT4). These sensitizers were then employed in dye‐sensitized solar cells to investigate their photovoltaic performances. Highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 0.84% was achieved for DT1‐based DSSC according to its most bathochromic absorption spectrum.
Expressive suppression mediates the relation between disordered eating and suicidal ideation
Authors: Ortiz Shelby , Knauft Katherine , Smith April , Kalia Vrinda 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveAlthough disordered eating is robustly associated with suicidal thoughts, it is not well understood why these conditions relate to each other. Emotion dysregulation is a shared risk factor for disordered eating and suicidal thoughts. Individuals with dysregulated emotions struggle to select appropriate strategies to modulate emotions and the strategies they use might explain some of the shared variances. Thus, we examined whether emotion regulation strategies mediated the relationship between disordered eating and suicidal ideation.MethodAdult participants (N = 230) completed questionnaires on current disordered eating symptoms, emotion regulation strategies, and current suicidal ideation.ResultsDisordered eating symptoms positively associated with suicidal ideation. In addition, expressive suppression mediated the relation between disordered eating symptoms and current suicidal ideation. No relation was found for cognitive reappraisal.ConclusionsThe use of expressive suppression as an emotion regulation strategy may be related to increased suicidal ideation in individuals who express concerns about eating.
Improving self‐esteem through integrative group therapy for personality dysfunction: Investigating the role of the therapeutic alliance and quality of object relations
Authors: Aafjes‐van Doorn Katie , Kealy David , Ehrenthal Johannes C. , Ogrodniczuk John S. , Joyce Anthony S. , Weber Rainer 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to investigate change in self‐esteem through intensive group treatment for personality dysfunction, by exploring: (a) the relationship between patients’ experience of therapeutic alliance and improvement in self‐esteem during treatment, including patients’ quality of object‐relations (QOR) as a possible moderator; and (b) the association between improvement in self‐esteem during treatment, and depressive symptoms 9 months later.MethodEighty patients with personality dysfunction, consecutively enrolled in a group‐oriented treatment program, were assessed at pretreatment, posttreatment, and 9 months follow‐up.ResultsEspecially for patients with lower QOR, alliance predicted self‐esteem change during treatment. In addition, change in self‐esteem during treatment predicted follow‐up depression severity, even when controlling for within‐treatment symptom change.ConclusionsPatients with impoverished inner relational representations may benefit more from a secure alliance in terms of improving their self‐esteem. Change in self‐esteem may also be important in preventing relapse of depressive symptoms in people with personality dysfunction.
PTSD from a suicide attempt: An empirical investigation among suicide attempt survivors
Authors: Stanley Ian H. , Hom Melanie A. , Boffa Joseph W. , Stage Dese'Rae L. , Joiner Thomas E. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectivesSuicide attempts (SAs), by definition, represent a risk for serious injury or death; thus, one's SA may contribute to the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Yet, empirical data on this topic are lacking. This study aimed to characterize the phenomenology, rate, and associated features of PTSD following one's SA.MethodA total of 386 adult SA survivors recruited from web‐based sources participated.ResultsOverall, 27.5% (95% confidence interval = 23.1–31.9%) of SA survivors screened positive for a probable SA‐related PTSD diagnosis. Individuals with a probable SA‐related PTSD diagnosis reported greater current suicidal intent than those without this probable diagnosis; this association was significant at low, but not high, levels of depression symptoms.ConclusionsA substantial proportion of SA survivors may experience SA‐related PTSD. SA‐related PTSD may be a viable assessment and intervention target to improve the quality of life and to reduce future suicide risk among SA survivors.
Understanding self‐injury recovery: Views from individuals with lived experience
Authors: Lewis Stephen P. , Kenny Therese E. , Whitfield Kristen , Gomez Jennifer 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveNonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI) recovery has typically been conceptualized through the lens of formal frameworks or as the cessation of NSSI. These understandings, however, have been developed largely devoid of views from those with lived NSSI experience, who may offer novel and critical insights. To advance the conception of NSSI recovery, the current study elicited such views.MethodsTwo hundred and thirty‐three emerging adults with a history of NSSI (77% female, mean age = 18.9 years), responded to open‐ended questions regarding recovery. Results were thematically analyzed using an inductive approach.ResultsResponses yielded seven themes: (a) recovery is complete NSSI cessation; (b) recovery is more than cessation; (c) recovery involves lingering NSSI features; (d) recovery involves developing resilience; (e) recovery is a process; (f) evolution in understanding recovery; and (g) recovery is a subjective experience.ConclusionRecovery seems to be multifarious, nonlinear, and subjective. Conceptual and clinical implications are discussed.