bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in Creative Problem‐Solving Preferences Across Occupations
Authors: Puccio Gerard J. , Miller Blair , Acar Selcuk 
Published: April 2018

AbstractFourSight theory contends that individuals show preferences for the mental operations rooted in the creative process. The four fundamental preferences measured by FourSight are Clarifiers, Ideators, Developers, and Implementers. The present study examined the extent to which certain occupations reflect a proclivity for these four creative‐process preferences. Guided by Holland's theory of vocational choice, hypothesized relationships were formulated for the link between FourSight theory and 17 occupations. For example, it was predicted that those who work in finance would show a significant bias toward the Clarifier preference. Of the 17 hypothesized relationships between FourSight and occupation, statistical analysis of the FourSight preferences for 20,784 individuals showed support for 12 predictions and partial support for two of the hypothesized relationships. These findings clearly demonstrate that particular occupations engage specific creative‐process preferences. Future investigations might wish to examine the degree to which the interaction between work and creative‐thinking preferences predicts creative performance, satisfaction, stress, and turnover.
Effects of methyl jasmonate on plant growth and leaf properties
Authors: Li Cui , Wang Peng , Menzies Neal W. , Lombi Enzo , Kopittke Peter M. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractExogenous application of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) can induce anatomical and chemical changes that are components of defence responses in plants. Particularly, MeJA is well‐known to increase leaf trichome density to protect against insect herbivory, but surprisingly little is known about the effects of MeJA on other leaf properties and plant growth. Using sunflower (Helianthus annuus), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), and soybean (Glycine max) treated with 0.0, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.5 mM MeJA, we examined changes in leaf trichome density, stomatal density, cuticle thickness, cuticle composition, plant height, and biomass production. For all three plant species, MeJA (especially at the higher concentrations) caused significant decreases in plant height (up to 39%) and biomass (up to 79%). MeJA caused substantial increases in leaf trichome density (being 1.3–3.5‐times higher) in all three species, with the magnitude of these effects increasing with MeJA concentration. However, we also observed that MeJA resulted in significant changes in cuticle composition and thickness, and stomatal density, although the magnitude of these changes was smaller relative to changes in trichome density. Specifically, high concentrations of MeJA increased the relative content of phenolic compounds and cutin in leaf cuticle while decreasing the relative content of polysaccharide. The changes in stomatal density varied with plant species and MeJA concentration. Also, MeJA increased cuticle thickness in tomato but decreased that in sunflower and soybean. Thus, studies investigating MeJA should also consider the importance of changes in other leaf properties and plant growth.
Seasonal variation of macro and micronutrients in blades and petioles of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Mencía and Sousón
Authors: Cancela Javier J. , Fandiño María , González Xesús P. , Rey Benjamín J. , Mirás-Avalos José M. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn the case of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), leaf blade and petioles at different sampling times are used for nutritional diagnosis and planning fertilization practices. However, reference values for each nutrient depend on the scion‐rootstock combination. In this sense, the current study aimed at determining the reliability of leaf blade and petiole for diagnosis at different phenological stages and, also, of the period of validity, around flowering and veraison, in which the nutrient concentrations obtained could be compared with reference values. The study was carried out in three vineyards (two planted with cv. Mencía and one with cv. Sousón) within the Ribeira Sacra Designation of Origin (NW Spain). Blades and petioles were collected throughout a growth season (2014) and total concentrations of ten essential elements were determined in both tissues. In general, petioles showed greater variability between replicates for P, K, Ca, Mg, and Zn, while N, Fe, Mn, Cu, and B presented greater variability in blades. Differences between consecutive sampling dates suggest that references for flowering were valid until fruit‐set. Furthermore, blade and petiole references at the beginning of veraison were valid until the advanced ripening stage for most nutrients, with the exception of N, P, and Zn. The seasonal variation of the concentrations in both tissues confirmed the need for reference values for each phenological stage and tissue.
Isolation and identification of rapeseed (Brassica napus) cultivars for potential higher and lower Cd accumulation
Authors: Zhang Xian Duo , Wang Ye , Li Hai Bo , Yang Zhi Min 
Published: April 2018

AbstractCadmium (Cd) as a non‐essential toxic metal has become one of the seriously environmental problems. Overload of Cd into plant shoots, particularly the addible parts (i.e., grains), jeopardizes crop production and food safety. Isolating and identifying genotypic variations in Cd accumulation of rapeseed (Brassica napus) cultivars is an efficient approach for phytoremediation and developing lower Cd‐accumulating plants. In this study, a trial was conducted under natural condition in Nanjing, China, from 2014 to 2017, and identified 64 rapeseed cultivars collected from the areas of Gui Zhou province. Rapeseed grew under moderate Cd exposure (5 mg kg−1) for 5 months, and shoots were harvested for Cd quantification. A great variation of total Cd concentrations in shoots, ranking from 0.16 to 17.03 mg Cd kg−1, was found. Following the initial examination of all cultivars, two sets of plants with high (#138 and #177) and low (#208 and #244) Cd concentrations were further investigated. Throughout the growth period, cultivars #138 and #177 accumulated more Cd during vegetative (30, 60, and 120 d) and late developmental (180 d) stages than cultivars #208 and #244. The higher Cd concentration in shoots of #138 and #177 was associated with the higher Cd concentration in xylem sap, suggesting the greater capability of Cd translocation from roots to shoots. Compared to #208 and #244, Cd exposure moderately reduced zinc and iron concentrations in some tissues of #138 and #177, whereas the manganese and magnesium concentrations showed no change. Although #138 and #177 cultivars accumulated more Cd in their shoots, no Cd toxicity was detected. Moreover, both #138 and #177 cultivars had a similar biomass to #208 or #244. These results suggest that #138 and #177 rapeseeds are tolerant to Cd stress.
Soil salt and NaCl have different effects on seed germination of the halophyte Suaeda salsa
Authors: Gao Ruiru , Wei Xiaoya , He Zhan , Zhao Ruihua , Wang Kai , Yang Xuejun , Walck Jeffrey L. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractSeed germination is a key life‐history stage of halophytes. Most studies on seed germination of halophytes have focused on the effects of a single salt, while little information is available on the effects of mixed salt in the natural habitat. Due to the contribution of multiple ions in saline soil, we hypothesized that the effect of mixed salt on seed germination will differ from that of a single salt and the mechanism of how germination is affected will differ as well. The effects of mixed salt and NaCl on germination, water imbibition, and ionic concentrations of seeds of Suaeda salsa (L.) Pall. were compared at various salinity levels. Germination percentage (GP) and rate (GR) decreased with increasing salinity level, regardless of salt type. There was no difference in GP or GR between mixed salt and NaCl when the salinity level was below 20 dS m−1. Above 20 dS m−1, GP and GR in NaCl were lower than those in mixed salt. At the same salinity level, Na+ concentration in seeds was higher in NaCl than that in mixed salt, but the reverse was true for Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentrations. Imbibition rate for seeds in NaCl was lower than that in mixed salt at the same salinity level. Addition of Ca2+ and Mg2+ alleviated the inhibition of NaCl on seed germination. In conclusion, our results suggest that the effects of soil salts and NaCl on seed germination are different, and using NaCl instead of soil salt might not be realistic to show the effect of saline stress on seed germination of halophytes in the natural habitat.
Physics and hydraulics of the rhizosphere network
Authors: Benard Pascal , Zarebanadkouki Mohsen , Carminati Andrea 
Published: April 2018

AbstractTake home messageMucilage secreted by roots and EPS produced by microorganisms alter the physical properties of the soil solution and impact the water dynamics in the rhizosphere. The high viscosity of mucilage and EPS is responsible for the formation of thin filaments and interconnected thin lamellae that span throughout the soil matrix maintaining the continuity of the liquid phase across the pore space even during severe drying. The impact of these mechanisms on plant and microorganisms needs to be explored.
Synthesis, Characterization, Solution Behavior, and Density Functional Theory Analysis of Some Pyridinium‐Based Ionic Liquids
Authors: Tiwari Ashish , Sahoo Mira , Soreng Pratima , Mishra Bijay K. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractSome picolinium ionic liquids (IL) [α/γ‐PicC
n][Br/NO3] (n = 3, 5, 7) were synthesized and characterized by 1H NMR data. The surface tension and density of all the IL were determined. The aggregation behavior of these IL in aqueous medium and in dichloromethane was assessed from the variation of electrical conductivity in these media. The critical aggregation concentrations of these IL in aqueous medium were found to decrease significantly by the addition of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. The structural features and the conformation of these IL were further investigated by using density functional theory calculations. The bromide ion was found to be inclined asymmetrically to one side of the pyridinium nucleus, while the nitrogen of the nitrate group lies close to the nitronium ion of the pyridinium nucleus.
Improving the lipid profile of ready‐to‐cook meat products by addition of omega‐3 microcapsules: effect on oxidation and sensory analysis
Authors: Pérez‐Palacios Trinidad , Ruiz‐Carrascal Jorge , Jiménez‐Martín Estefanía , Solomando Juan Carlos , Antequera Teresa 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe omega‐3 enrichment of ready‐to‐cook meat products by microencapsulated fish oil (MFO) addition was analyzed. Accordingly, three batches of chicken nuggets were prepared: (i) control (C); (ii) enriched in bulk fish oil (BFO); and (iii) with added MFO. Sensory features, acceptability, oxidative stability and volatile compounds were analyzed.RESULTSMFO nuggets did not differ from C ones with respect to any sensory trait. BFO showed increased juiciness and saltiness but decreased meat flavor. Acceptability was not affected by enrichment. Consumers were not able to differentiate between C and MFO in a triangle test, although they could clearly identify BFO nuggets. Higher levels of lipid and protein oxidation indicators and of volatile compounds from fatty acid oxidation were found in BFO nuggets compared to C and MFO nuggets.CONCLUSIONEnrichment of ready‐to‐cook meat products in omega‐3 fatty acids with MFO provides both lipid and protein oxidative protection without changes in sensory quality. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Influence of thermal treatment on the characteristics of major oyster allergen Cra g 1 (tropomyosin)
Authors: Fang Lei , Li Guoming , Gu Ruizeng , Cai Muyi , Lu Jun 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDShellfish, including oysters, often cause allergic reactions in adults. Thermal treatment is one of the most common technologies for dealing with seafood, which may affect biological properties. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of heating on the conformation and potential allergenicity of oyster‐derived tropomyosin (Cra g 1).RESULTSSodium dodecylsulphate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that there was an apparent band at 35 kDa of raw tropomyosin after purification and more significant polymers appeared in the heated protein. Interestingly, obvious changes in the intensity of the circular dichroism signal and 1‐anilino‐8‐naphthalene sulfonate‐binding fluorescence were observed especially in the case of the roasted form, which was associated with an increase in antibody reactivity. The degree of immunoglobulin (Ig)E binding of this treatment was demonstrated in the order roasted > boiled > raw. Furthermore, sequence alignment and amino acid composition revealed that Cra g 1 shared relatively high homology to tropomyosins from other shellfish and was also abundant in lysine that was apt to be modified by reducing sugars during heating.CONCLUSIONHeated Cra g 1 produces higher IgE reactivity than the raw form as a result of the denaturation and formation of polymers. These findings will benefit the diagnosis and management of potential allergenicity as a result of shellfish. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Residue transfer and risk assessment of carbendazim in tea
Authors: Zhou Li , Jiang Yaping , Lin Qin , Wang Xuan , Zhang Xinzhong , Xu Jie , Chen Zongmao 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDCarbendazim (methyl 1H‐benzimidazol‐2‐ylcarbamate) residue in tea is a public concern. The large gap in the maximum residue limits (MRLs) for carbendazim in tea makes it difficult to conduct pesticide management. Therefore, a systemic evaluation of the residue and the health risk of carbendazim from the tea garden to brewed tea was investigated.RESULTSThe dissipation of carbendazim in tea shoots followed first‐order rate kinetics, with a half‐life (t1/2) of 2.6 days. In green tea manufacturing, the carbendazim decrease of 2.81–26.74% was concentration‐positive. The infusion factor of carbendazim was > 0.8 from dry tea to brewed tea and this was related to the brewing temperature and the size of the dry tea. All of the risk quotient values were significantly less than 1 in the evaluation of carbendazim residue in real tea samples and MRL.CONCLUSIONResidue transfer and risk assessment were evaluated for carbendazim in green tea. Carbendazim revealed a less persistent nature in tea plants. Green tea processing played a small role in decreasing carbendazim residue. Almost all of the carbendazim in dry tea leached into the brewed tea. However, the possible health risk induced by residual carbendazim in green tea was not significant. These findings are helpful when reconsidering the MRLs of carbendazim in tea. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Aggregation and conformational changes of silver carp myosin as affected by the ultrasound–calcium combination system
Authors: An Yueqi , Liu Qing , Xie Yaru , Xiong Shanbai , Yin Tao , Liu Ru 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDUltrasound and Ca2+ have been used separately to increase myosin properties in fish processing. However, little is know about how myosin changes are affected by Ca2+ and ultrasound in combination. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of the ultrasound–calcium combination system on aggregation and conformational changes of silver carp myosin.RESULTSUltrasound facilitated a Ca2+‐induced increase in turbidity. As the Ca2+ concentration increased from 0 to 100 mmol L−1, there was an obvious increase in the turbidity, solubility and mean hydrated particle size of myosin after ultrasound treatment compared to without treatment. Moreover, changes of total and reactive SH contents depended on the ultrasound–calcium combination conditions. Under this combination system, myosin surface hydrophobicity significantly increased for the synergistic effect of ultrasound and Ca2+. Furthermore, the ultrasound–calcium combination conditions could affect myosin gelation, with better gelation properties being observed for myosin treated with a combination of 60 mmol L−1 Ca2+ and 9 min of ultrasound.CONCLUSIONThe combination system reported in the present study was beneficial for myosin unfolding, facilitating intermolecular interactions between Ca2+ and myosin. Ultrasound treatment promoted myosin aggregation via the induction of Ca2+ and reduced the critical concentration of Ca2+ required to aggregate myosin. In the fish processing industry, this combination system can enhance the gelation properties of surimi‐based products. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Protein oxidation and proteolysis during roasting and in vitro digestion of fish (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii)
Authors: Hu Lyulin , Ren Sijie , Shen Qing , Ye Xingqian , Chen Jianchu , Ling Jiangang 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDRoasted fish enjoys great popularity in Asia, but how roasting and subsequent digestion influence the oxidation and proteolysis of fish meat is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effect of roasting time on lipid and protein oxidation and their evolution and consequence on proteolysis during simulated digestion of fish fillets.RESULTSSeveral oxidation markers (thiobarbituric acid‐reactive substances (TBARS), free thiols, total carbonyls and Schiff bases) were employed to assess the oxidation of fish. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) and the 2,4,6‐trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) assay for free amino groups were used to study the proteolysis during gastrointestinal digestion. The results showed that significant lipid and protein oxidative changes occurring in roasted fish fillets were reinforced after gastric digestion and were much more intense after intestinal digestion. Throughout roasting and digestion, a close interconnection between lipid and protein was also manifested as the levels of total carbonyls and Schiff bases rose while TBARS fell. Furthermore, free amino groups decreased with prolonged roasting time, signifying that protein oxidation before digestion resulted in impaired proteolysis during digestion.CONCLUSIONThis study indicated that the lipid and protein oxidation of fish fillets could be dependent on time of roasting, and the oxidation continued to develop and have an impact on proteolysis during in vitro digestion. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Agritourism and local development: Evidence from two case studies in Greece
Authors: Karampela Sofia , Kizos Thanasis 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis paper attempts to fill a gap in the international literature by assessing the impacts of agritourism at local level combining different aspects. The primary data were obtained through personal in‐depth interviews with the use of semi‐structured questionnaires. Two destinations in Greece were selected due to their diverse characteristics: an island, Lesvos, and a continental locality, Plastiras Lake. Findings suggest that the differences can be summarized in structure: of agritourism supply; scale: by providing their owners with additional income in pluriactive farm households; and networks: affected by their different geographic characteristics, but are not reflected to the overall results of local development.
Preliminary Results of Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse Imaging by Combined Qualitative and Quantitative Analyses for Evaluation of Breast Lesions
Authors: Wang Lin , Wan Cai‐Feng , Du Jing , Li Feng‐Hua 
Published: April 2018

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the application of a new elastographic technique, acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) imaging, and its diagnostic performance for characterizing breast lesions.MethodsOne hundred consecutive female patients with 126 breast lesions were enrolled in our study. After routine breast ultrasound examinations, the patients underwent ARFI elasticity imaging. Virtual Touch tissue imaging (VTI) and Virtual Touch tissue quantification (Siemens Medical Solutions, Mountain View, CA) were used to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the elasticity and hardness of tumors. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of ARFI for discrimination between benign and malignant breast lesions.ResultsPathologic analysis revealed 40 lesions in the malignant group and 86 lesions in the benign group. Different VTI patterns were observed in benign and malignant breast lesions. Eighty lesions (93.0%) of benign group had pattern 1, 2, or 3, whereas all pattern 4b lesions (n = 20 [50.0%]) were malignant. Regarding the quantitative analysis, the mean VTI‐to‐B‐mode area ratio, internal shear wave velocity, and marginal shear wave velocity of benign lesions were statistically significantly lower than those of malignant lesions (all P < .001). The cutoff point for a scoring system constructed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of ARFI was estimated to be between 3 and 4 points for malignancy, with sensitivity of 77.5%, specificity of 96.5%, accuracy of 90.5%, and an area under the curve of 0.933.ConclusionsThe application of ARFI technology has shown promising results by noninvasively providing substantial complementary information and could potentially serve as an effective diagnostic tool for differentiation between benign and malignant breast lesions.
Liver Doppler Findings in Pediatric Patients After Total Pancreatectomy and Islet Autotransplantation
Authors: Holm Tara L. , Murati Michael A. , Hoggard Eric , Zhang Lei , Dietz Kelly R. 
Published: April 2018

ObjectivesThis study was intended to establish normal values for velocities in the hepatic artery and portal veins in pediatric patients after total pancreatectomy and islet autotransplantation (TPIAT).MethodsA retrospective review was performed of liver Doppler studies in pediatric patients after TPIAT over 6 years at an academic children's hospital. Doppler velocities in the liver vasculature and the hepatic artery resistive index were recorded.ResultsSixty‐five pediatric patients were evaluated. There were no cases of portal vein thrombosis or other hepatic vascular complications. The mean hepatic artery peak systolic velocity was 157.6 cm/s (SE, 60.9 cm/s), with a mean resistive index of 0.57 (SE, 0.09). The mean main portal vein velocity was 31.9 cm/s (SE, 12.9 cm/s).ConclusionsPortal vein thrombosis is rare in pediatric patients after TPIAT. A wide range of hepatic artery and portal vein velocities are encountered in children immediately after TPIAT without hepatic vascular complications and can be considered normal.