bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Análise da taxa de queda de temperatura antes e durante eventos de neve em Santa Catarina
Authors: Mintegui Jéssica Melo , Puhales Franciano Scremin , Peliçário Luisa Vitória 
Published: December 2018

In this work the average behavior of minimum and maximum temperatures for the state of Santa Catarina, before and during snowfall events, from 1979 to 2015, was analysed. To accomplish this study, have been employed minima and maxima temperature data from conventional meteorological stations which were provided by the Centro de Informações de Recursos Ambientais eHidrológicos de Santa Catarina (Ciram), linked to the Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária e Extensão Rural de Santa Catarina (Epagri). In general, a sharp decreses in temperatures from day D - 1 (the day before the snow event) to day D + 0 (day of snowfall) is observed.
A virus-packageable CRISPR screen identifies host factors mediating interferon inhibition of HIV
Authors: OhAinle Molly , Helms Louisa , Vermeire Jolien , Roesch Ferdinand , Humes Daryl , Basom Ryan , Delrow Jeffrey J , Overbaugh Julie , Emerman Michael 
Published: December 2018

Interferon (IFN) inhibits HIV replication by inducing antiviral effectors. To comprehensively identify IFN-induced HIV restriction factors, we assembled a CRISPR sgRNA library of Interferon Stimulated Genes (ISGs) into a modified lentiviral vector that allows for packaging of sgRNA-encoding genomes in trans into budding HIV-1 particles. We observed that knockout of Zinc Antiviral Protein (ZAP) improved the performance of the screen due to ZAP-mediated inhibition of the vector. A small panel of IFN-induced HIV restriction factors, including MxB, IFITM1, Tetherin/BST2 and TRIM5alpha together explain the inhibitory effects of IFN on the CXCR4-tropic HIV-1 strain, HIV-1LAI, in THP-1 cells. A second screen with a CCR5-tropic primary strain, HIV-1Q23.BG505, described an overlapping, but non-identical, panel of restriction factors. Further, this screen also identifies HIV dependency factors. The ability of IFN-induced restriction factors to inhibit HIV strains to replicate in human cells suggests that these human restriction factors are incompletely antagonized.Editorial note: This article has been through an editorial process in which the authors decide how to respond to the issues raised during peer review. The Reviewing Editor's assessment is that all the issues have been addressed (see <xref ref-type="decision-letter" rid="SA1">decision letter</xref>).
Prøvestikking ved Melkefoss, Sør-Varanger, Finnmark, 2006
Authors: Skandfer Marianne 
Published: December 2018

Report (in Norwegian) on test-pitting at Melkefoss, Pasvik, Sør-Varanger municipality, Finnmark in 2006. Includes background, methods, observations, interpretations and AMS dates. Illustrated and with references. Related publications:Skandfer, M. 2012 "House Structures and Social Identification in Finnmark, Arctic Norway 2400 BC - AD 300." In Damm, Charlotte and Saarikiivi, Janne (eds.): Networks, Interaction and Emerging Identities in Fennoscandia and Beyond. Papers from the Conference held in Tromsø, Norway, October 13-16 2009. Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura / Finno-Ugrian Society 2012 pp. 155-176 (2017-06-12) Related reports: http://doi.org/10.7557/7.4334http://doi.org/10.7557/7.4311http://doi.org/10.7557/7.4313
Rapport fra registreringer i Karasjok og Kautokeino kommuner, Finnmark, 2012
Authors: Skandfer Marianne 
Published: December 2018

Archaeological survey report. Related publications:Skandfer, M., Blankholm, H. P. and Hood, B. (eds) Archaeological Perspectives on Hunter-Gatherer Landscapes and Resource Management in Interior North Norway. Equinox Publishing, Sheffield. Related reports:http://doi.org/10.7557/7.4335http://doi.org/10.7557/7.4333http://doi.org/10.7557/7.4331http://doi.org/10.7557/7.4324http://doi.org/10.7557/7.4325http://doi.org/10.7557/7.4328
Registreringer Kautokeino, Karasjok og Tana kommuner i forbindelse med post-doktorprosjekt i arkeologi 2006–2007
Authors: Skandfer Marianne 
Published: December 2018

Archaeological survey report. Surveys conducted in Kautokeino, Karasjok and Tana municipalities, aiming at identifying semi-subterranean house-pits. Related publication: Blankholm, H. P. and Skandfer, M. (in press) House Pits in the Northern Interior. In: Skandfer, M., Blankholm, H. P. and Hood, B. (eds) Archaeological Perspectives on Hunter-Gatherer Landscapes and Resource Management in Interior North Norway. Equinox Publishing, Sheffield. (Chapter 12)Related reports:http://doi.org/10.7557/7.4332http://doi.org/10.7557/7.4334http://doi.org/10.7557/7.4335http://doi.org/10.7557/7.4311http://doi.org/10.7557/7.4312http://doi.org/10.7557/7.4313http://doi.org/10.7557/7.4314
Density-dependent changes in the distribution of Southern Right Whales (Eubalaena australis) in the breeding ground Peninsula Valdés
Authors: Sueyro Nicolas , Crespo Enrique Alberto , Arias Magdalena , Coscarella Mariano Alberto 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundThe Southern Right Whale (Eubalaena australis) population of the South–western Atlantic Ocean is recovering. In the breeding ground of Peninsula Valdés, as a consequence of the population growth, expansion to new areas by some types of groups and a change in the habitat use patterns at the coastal area were recorded.MethodsWe analysed information gathered from aerial surveys conducted along the coast of Peninsula Valdés in 15 years of effective sampling in a 19-year span. These surveys were divided into four periods (1999–2000; 2004–2007; 2008–2012 and 2013–2016) and estimated the density of whales in a 620 km of coast divided into segments of five km.ResultsThe density of the whales increased to near three whales per km2(averaged over each period) in the high-density areas. When this mean number was reached, the significant changes in density in the adjacent areas were detected in the following period. These changes were a decrease in density in the high-density areas and an increase of density in the low-density areas.DiscussionWe propose that a threshold in density elicits a response in habitat use, with theMother-calfpairs remaining in the area, while theothergroups are displaced to new areas.
Genetic analysis reveals FinnishFormica fennicapopulations do not form a separate genetic entity fromF. exsecta
Authors: Hakala Sanja Maria , Seppä Perttu , Heikkilä Maria , Punttila Pekka , Sorvari Jouni , Helanterä Heikki 
Published: December 2018

CoptoformicaMüller, 1923 is a subgenus ofFormicaLinnaeus, 1758 that consists of c. a dozen species of ants that typically inhabit open grassy habitats and build small nest mounds. The most recent addition to the group isFormica fennicaSeifert, 2000. The description was based on morphological characters, but the species status has not been confirmed by molecular methods. In this study, we use thirteen DNA microsatellite markers and a partial mitochondrial COI gene sequence to assess the species status ofF. fennica, by comparing the genetic variation among samples identified asF. fennicaand six other borealFormica (Coptoformica)species. Most of the species studied form separate, discontinuous clusters in phylogenetic and spatial analyses with only little intraspecific genetic variation. However, both nuclear and mitochondrial markers fail to separate the species pairF. exsectaNylander, 1846 andF. fennicadespite established morphological differences. The genetic variation within theF. exsecta/fennicagroup is extensive, but reflects spatial rather than morphological differences. FinnishF. fennicapopulations studied so far should not be considered a separate species, but merely a morph ofF. exsecta.
Urbanization, environmental stabilization and temporal persistence of bird species: a view from Latin America
Authors: Leveau Lucas Matías 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundA scarcely studied consequence of urbanization is the effect of temporal stabilization of the environment on bird communities. This alteration is thought to dampen environmental variations between day and night, seasons and years, promoting a temporal persistence of bird composition in urban areas. The aim of this study was to review current evidence of temporal stabilization of biotic and abiotic factors in urban environments and the potential effects of such stabilization on temporal variation of bird species presence at different temporal scales.MethodsI selected the literature by searching published articles and book chapters using Scopus and Google scholar. I only included articles that compared the temporal variation of bird composition or resources between different levels of urbanization.ResultsIn general, there is evidence of temporal stabilization of abiotic and biotic factors at the three time scales considered. At the diurnal scale, the main factor considered was artificial light in the context of light pollution. At the seasonal and interannual scales, several case studies found a smaller temporal variation of primary productivity in urban than in natural and rural areas. Bird species composition showed more stabilization in urban environments at the three temporal scales: (1) several case studies reported bird activity at night, associated with artificial light; (2) studies in urban parks and along urbanization gradients showed smaller seasonal variation of bird composition in the more urbanized areas; and (3) in general, case studies along urbanization gradients showed smaller interannual variation of bird composition in the more urbanized areas, although some studies showed no relationships or opposite trends than expected.DiscussionThe published evidence suggests that urban areas dampen the natural cycles at several temporal scales. The stabilization of biotic and abiotic factors, such as light, temperature, food and habitat structure, is desynchronized from natural diurnal, seasonal and interannual cycles. However, there is a dearth of long-term comparisons of bird composition and studies that simultaneously analyze the relationship between resources and bird composition stabilization at the seasonal and interannual scales. More research is needed in the Southern hemisphere, where there is a lack of studies dealing with the seasonal and interannual variations of primary productivity along urbanization gradients and nocturnal activity of bird species. A future research agenda should include differentiation of spatial and temporal homogenization of avifaunas.
Modelling of the SDF-1/CXCR4 regulated in vivo homing of therapeutic mesenchymal stem/stromal cells in mice
Authors: Jin Wang , Liang Xiaowen , Brooks Anastasia , Futrega Kathryn , Liu Xin , Doran Michael R. , Simpson Matthew J. , Roberts Michael S. , Wang Haolu 
Published: December 2018

Background
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are a promising tool for cell-based therapies in the treatment of tissue injury. The stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1)/CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) axis plays a significant role in directing MSC homing to sites of injury. However in vivo MSC distribution following intravenous transplantation remains poorly understood, potentially hampering the precise prediction and evaluation of therapeutic efficacy.

Methods
A murine model of partial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is used to induce liver injury, increase the hepatic levels of SDF-1, and study in vivo MSC distribution. Hypoxia-preconditioning increases the expression of CXCR4 in human bone marrow-derived MSCs. Quantitative assays for human DNA using droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) allow us to examine the in vivo kinetics of intravenously infused human MSCs in mouse blood and liver. A mathematical model-based system is developed to characterize in vivo homing of human MSCs in mouse models with SDF-1 levels in liver and CXCR4 expression on the transfused MSCs. The model is calibrated to experimental data to provide novel estimates of relevant parameter values.

Results
Images of immunohistochemistry for SDF-1 in the mouse liver with I/R injury show a significantly higher SDF-1 level in the I/R injured liver than that in the control. Correspondingly, the ddPCR results illustrate a higher MSC concentration in the I/R injured liver than the normal liver. CXCR4 is overexpressed in hypoxia-preconditioned MSCs. An increased number of hypoxia-preconditioned MSCs in the I/R injured liver is observed from the ddPCR results. The model simulations align with the experimental data of control and hypoxia-preconditioned human MSC distribution in normal and injured mouse livers, and accurately predict the experimental outcomes with different MSC doses.

Discussion
The modelling results suggest that SDF-1 in organs is an effective in vivo attractant for MSCs through the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis and reveal the significance of the SDF-1/CXCR4 chemotaxis on in vivo homing of MSCs. This in vivo modelling approach allows qualitative characterization and prediction of the MSC homing to normal and injured organs on the basis of clinically accessible variables, such as the MSC dose and SDF-1 concentration in blood. This model could also be adapted to abnormal conditions and/or other types of circulating cells to predict in vivo homing patterns.
Early‐onset colorectal cancer in young individuals
Authors: Mauri Gianluca , Sartore‐Bianchi Andrea , Russo Antonio‐Giampiero , Marsoni Silvia , Bardelli Alberto , Siena Salvatore 
Published: December 2018

Treatment of young adults with colorectal cancer (CRC) represents an unmet clinical need, especially as diagnosis in this population might lead to the greatest loss of years of life. Since 1994, CRC incidence in individuals younger than 50 years has been increasing by 2% per year. The surge in CRC incidence in young adults is particularly alarming as the overall CRC frequency has been decreasing. Early‐onset CRC are characterized by a more advanced stage at diagnosis, poorer cell differentiation, higher prevalence of signet ring cell histology, and left colon‐sided location of the primary tumor. Among EO‐CRC, approximately 30% of patients are affected by tumors harboring mutations causing hereditary cancer predisposing syndromes, and 20% have familial CRC. Most notably, the remaining 50% of EO‐CRC patients have neither hereditary syndromes nor familial CRC, thus representing a formidable challenge for research. In this review article we summarize epidemiology, clinical and molecular features, heredity and outcome of treatments of EO‐CRC, and provide considerations for future perspectives.
Printable Fabrication of a Fully Integrated and Self‐Powered Sensor System on Plastic Substrates
Authors: Lin Yuanjing , Chen Jiaqi , Tavakoli Mohammad Mahdi , Gao Yuan , Zhu Yudong , Zhang Daquan , Kam Matthew , He Zhubing , Fan Zhiyong 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWearable and portable devices with desirable flexibility, operational safety, and long cruising time, are in urgent demand for applications in wireless communications, multifunctional entertainments, personal healthcare monitoring, etc. Herein, a monolithically integrated self‐powered smart sensor system with printed interconnects, printed gas sensor for ethanol and acetone detection, and printable supercapacitors and embedded solar cells as energy sources, is successfully demonstrated in a wearable wristband fashion by utilizing inkjet printing as a proof‐of‐concept. In such a “wearable wristband”, the harvested solar energy can either directly drive the sensor and power up a light‐emitting diode as a warning signal, or can be stored in the supercapacitors in a standby mode, and the energy released from supercapacitors can compensate the intermittency of light illumination. To the best of our knowledge, the demonstration of such a self‐powered sensor system integrated onto a single piece of flexible substrate in a printable and additive manner has not previously been reported. Particularly, the printable supercapacitors deliver an areal capacitance of 12.9 mF cm−2 and the printed SnO2 gas sensor shows remarkable detection sensitivity under room temperature. The printable strategies for device fabrication and system integration developed here show great potency for scalable and facile fabrication of a variety of wearable devices.
Laser‐Scribed Graphene Oxide Electrodes for Soft Electroactive Devices
Authors: Kuhnel Djen T. , Rossiter Jonathan M. , Faul Charl F. J. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractInherently soft electroactive devices will enable a range of novel applications in biomedical, wearable, and robotics technology. In this area, dielectric elastomers (DEs) are particularly promising electromechanical transducers. One major challenge for DEs and other soft devices is the fabrication and precise patterning of thin stretchable conductors. Conventional methods such as pad printing and spray deposition require prefabricated molds or stencils, and inkjet printing relies on organic solvents to tune the rheology of inks. Here, laser‐scribed graphene oxide (LSGO) is proposed to fabricate patterned, stretchable electrodes for DE actuators (DEAs). The method uses a low‐cost laser engraver that can produce arbitrary patterns with 0.1 mm resolution. The process is green (free of organic solvents) and does not require molds or stencils. DEAs with regular and complex LSGO electrodes are fabricated and characterized. In a direct comparison with DEAs made using conductive carbon grease as electrode material, LSGO DEAs show higher maximum actuation strain. Areal strain of 8.8% is observed in a planar LSGO DEA with patterned electrodes.
Directed Evolution Empowered Redesign of Natural Proteins for the Sustainable Production of Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals
Authors: Bornscheuer Uwe T. , Hauer Bernhard , Jaeger Karl Erich , Schwaneberg Ulrich 
Published: December 2018

AbstractDirected evolution has advanced into a standard industrial “tool” to tailor naturally occurring proteins for a variety of biotechnological applications, thus enabling product valorization and bringing societal benefits across industrial sectors. Examples are sustainable enzymatic production processes for chemicals, pharmaceuticals, or applications in the food, feed, and laundry industries. In essence, directed evolution has contributed to sustainable industrial processes that fuel the transition from a fossil‐based economy to a biobased economy utilizing renewable resources. Phage display technologies represent a comparable breakthrough that allow for the directed evolution of binding proteins by physical coupling between a phenotype and the respective genotype, thus enabling the identification of highly selective antibodies for a broad variety of applications in diagnostics and therapy.
Chondroitin sulfate inhibits secretion of TNF and CXCL8 from human mast cells stimulated by IL‐33
Authors: Gross Amanda R. , Theoharides Theoharis C. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractGlycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are linear, highly negatively charged carbohydrate chains present in connective tissues. Chondroitin sulfate (CS) and heparin (Hep) are also found in the numerous secretory granules of mast cells (MC), tissue immune cells involved in allergic and inflammatory reactions. CS and Hep may inhibit secretion of histamine from rat connective tissue MC, but their effect on human MC remains unknown. Human LAD2 MC were pre‐incubated with CS, Hep, or dermatan sulfate (DS) before being stimulated by either the peptide substance P (SP, 2 μM) or the cytokine IL‐33 (10 ng/mL). Preincubation with CS had no effect on MC degranulation stimulated by SP, but inhibited TNF (60%) and CXCL8 (45%) secretion from LAD2 cells stimulated by IL‐33. Fluorescein‐conjugated CS (CS‐F) was internalized by LAD2 cells only at 37 °C, but not 4 °C, indicating it occurred by endocytosis. DS and Hep inhibited IL‐33‐stimulated secretion of TNF and CXCL8 to a similar extent as CS. None of the GAGs tested inhibited IL‐33‐stimulated gene expression of either TNF or CXCL8. There was no effect of CS on ionomycin‐stimulated calcium influx. There was also no effect of CS on surface expression of the IL‐33 receptor, ST2. Neutralization of the hyaluronan receptor CD44 did not affect the internalization of CS‐F. The findings in this article show that CS inhibits secretion of TNF and CXCL8 from human cultured MC stimulated by IL‐33. CS could be formulated for systemic or topical treatment of allergic or inflammatory diseases, such as atopic dermatitis, cutaneous mastocytosis, and psoriasis. © 2018 BioFactors, 45(1):49–61, 2019
Effect of high fat diet on NF‐кB microRNA146a negative feedback loop in ovalbumin‐sensitized rats
Authors: Akhavanakbari Godrat , Babapour Behzad , Alipour Mohammad Reza , Keyhanmanesh Rana , Ahmadi Mahdi , Aslani Mohammad Reza 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe present study aimed to investigate the role of microRNA‐146a and its adapter proteins [interleukin‐1 receptor‐associated kinase 1 (IRAK1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor‐associated factor 6 (TRAF6)] in the pathogenesis of ovalbumin (OVA)‐sensitized rats in association with the diet‐induced obesity condition. Twenty male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control with normal diet (ND), OVA‐sensitized with normal diet (S + ND), high‐fat diet (HFD), and OVA‐sensitized with high‐fat diet (S + HFD). All the animals were fed for 8 weeks with standard pelts or high‐fat diet, and were then sensitized and challenged with OVA or saline for another 4 weeks. The tracheal responsiveness to methacholine, serum protein levels, and lipid profile levels was measured by the ELISA method. Moreover, the gene expression level of microRNA‐146a (miR‐146a) was measured in the lung tissue of the rats using the real‐time PCR method. Maximum response to methacholin increased in the S + HFD group in compared with ND, S + ND, and HFD groups (P < 0.05 to P < 0.001). Moreover, in the S + HFD group the mRNA expression levels of miRNA‐146a increased in the lung tissue (P < 0.001). In addition, the protein analysis results showed that IRAK1, TRAF6, NF‐kB, and IL‐1β protein levels were high in the S + HFD group compared to the ND and HFD groups; however, in compared with the S + ND group, only the IL‐1β protein level was higher in the S + HFD group (P < 0.05). These results suggest that a defect in the NF‐kB–miR‐146a negative feedback loop may be involved in the pathogenesis of obesity associated with OVA‐sensitized condition. © 2018 BioFactors, 45(1):75–84, 2019
Development and validation of a rapid and sensitive UPLC–MS/MS assay for the quantification of tofacitinib in human plasma
Authors: Bharwad Kirtikumar D. , Shah Priyanka A. , Shrivastav Pranav S. , Singhal Puran 
Published: December 2018

AbstractA highly sensitive, selective and rapid ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method has been developed for the quantification of a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, tofacitinib (TOF). The assay employed liquid–liquid extraction with methyl‐tert butyl ether to extract tofacitinib and tofacitinib‐13C3 15 N (as internal standard) from human plasma. The samples were analyzed on a UPLC BEH C18 (50 × 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm) column using acetonitrile and 10.0 mm ammonium acetate, pH 4.5 (75:25, v/v) as the mobile phase within 1.4 min. The precursor/product ion transitions were monitored at m/z 313.3/149.2 and 317.4/149.2 for tofacitinib and tofacitinib‐13C3 15 N, respectively, in the positive electrospray ionization mode. The calibration curves were linear (r2 ≥ 0.9978) across the concentration range of 0.05–100 ng/mL. The mean extraction recovery of tofacitinib across quality controls was 98.6%. The intra‐ and inter‐batch precision (CV) and accuracy ranged from 2.1–5.1 and 96.2–103.1%, respectively. All validation results complied well with the current guidelines. The method is amenable to high sample throughput and was applied to determine TOF plasma concentration in a pharmacokinetic study with 12 healthy Indian subjects after oral administration of 5 mg tablets.