bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mobile Palliative Care Consultation Service (PCCS): Overview of Hospice and Palliative Care Evaluation (HOPE) Data on In-Patients With End-Stage Cancer, Multiple Sclerosis, and Noncancer, Nonneurological Disease From 4 PCCS Centers in Germany in 2013
Authors: Basedow-Rajwich Birgit , Montag Thomas , Duckert Andreas , Schulz Christian , Rajwich Gennadij , Kleiter Ingo , Koehler Jürgen , Lindena Gabriele 
Published: July 2018

Context: During the last decade, numerous in-patient Palliative Care Consultation Service (PCCS) units were established throughout Germany. Objective: To provide an epidemiological overview on a whole year cohort of palliative patients in terms of demography, complaints, and therapy on admission to PCCS and the impact of PCCS treatment, and identify differences and similarities in different palliative patient subgroups. Methods: Chi-square, analysis of variance (ANOVA), Kruskal-Wallis followed by Games-Howell analysis of HOspice and Palliative care Evaluation (HOPE 2013) data on 4 PCCS centers and in total 919 patients, with solid tumors (237), metastatic cancer (397), leukemia and lymphoma (99), neurological (109, mostly multiple sclerosis [MS]), and noncancer, nonneurological disease (NCNND, 77). Results: A mostly uniform block of 3 cancer subgroups in terms of demographics, admission complaints, and initial pharmacological treatment diverged from the neurologic/MS disease subgroup. The “intermediate,” NCNND subgroup coalesced with the cancer or the neurologic/MS subgroups in part of the demographics, complaint, and drug parameters. Tetraparesis, requirement for nursing, and help with daily living were more, and pain, dyspnea, weakness, appetite loss, and fatigue were less frequent in neurologic patients compared with the cancer subgroups. Neurologic patients also showed more common use of coanalgetics and antidepressives, less opiates and nonopiate analgetics, corticosteroids, and antiemetics and antacids. NCNND patients had a particularly high rate of disorientation (48%) and death during PCCS (39%). In the 3 cancer subgroups, dyspnea, weakness, appetite loss, and anxiolytic use were less frequent in solid tumor patients. Palliative Care Consultation Service treatment was associated with reduction in symptom severity independent of subgroup entity. All listed differences were significant at P < .05 level. Conclusion: Despite divergence in demographics, symptoms, and medication, the data underline general usefulness of PCCS care in all end-stage patients and not only the cancer subgroups. Nevertheless, the strong differences revealed in the current study also underscore the need for a carefully tuned, disease-specific therapeutic approach to these subgroups of palliative patients.
Biologics in Chronic Rhinosinusitis: An Update and Thoughts for Future Directions
Authors: Smith Kristine A. , Pulsipher Abigail , Gabrielsen David A. , Alt Jeremiah A. 
Published: July 2018

Background Potential biologic therapies for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a growing field of interest and research. Biologics target specific immune cells or inflammatory pathways within a disease process, increasing drug efficacy while reducing complications. The success of biologics in other inflammatory conditions such as asthma and atopic dermatitis has spurred much of the corresponding research in CRS. A rapid expansion in the volume of research concerning biologic therapies with potential crossover to treating CRS has made it difficult to stay current. Furthermore, much of the literature has been focused on allergy, asthma, and immunology subspecialties. As the role for biologic therapies in CRS continues to expand, it is increasingly important for otolaryngologists to remain up to date on their progression. Objective The objectives of this review are to provide an update on the growing field of biologics for otolaryngologists who treat CRS and discuss potential future areas of research. Methods A literature review of biologic therapies studied in CRS was performed. In addition, a detailed review of all biologic therapies targeting inflammatory markers involved in Th1-, Th2-, and Th17-mediated inflammation was performed to identify potential areas for future research. The role for biologic therapies in CRS, endotypes of CRS, current biologic therapies studies in CRS, and future areas for research were reviewed. Results Sixty-nine unique biologic therapies have been developed for Th1-, Th2-, and Th17-mediated inflammation. Five biologics are currently being investigated for use in patients with CRS with nasal polyposis. Conclusions As the field of biologics continues to expand, remaining up to date on the current literature may help clinicians identify patients who may benefit from biologic therapies. In addition, ongoing research in other inflammatory disorders with shared pathophysiology to CRS may reveal other potential therapies for CRS that have not previously been investigated.
Optic nerve sonographic examination to predict raised intracranial pressure in idiopathic intracranial hypertension: The cut-off points
Authors: Kishk Nirmeen A , Ebraheim Asmaa M , Ashour Amal S , Badr Nashwa M , Eshra Mohamed A 
Published: July 2018

Purpose Monitoring of raised intracranial pressure (ICP) in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is required to prevent secondary optic nerve damage. Sonographic measurement of the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) is a noninvasive method to evaluate intracranial hypertension. Different ONSD cut-off values have been reported probably due to ethnic variations. Our aim was to determine optic nerve sonographic examination cut-off points to predict raised ICP in IIH patients. Methods This case-control study was conducted on 99 IIH post-pubertal female patients (both probable and definite) and 35 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers. Sonographic ONSD and optic nerve diameter (OND) were obtained 3 mm behind the posterior edge of the globe in a horizontal plane via a 7–13 MHz linear probe. Lumbar puncture was then carried out on the patients. Results The opening cerebrospinal fluid pressure documented in the patient group was 279.64 ± 65.97 mm H2O. A statistically significant difference was found between IIH patients and controls regarding ONSD. The best ONSD cut-off value indicating raised ICP was 6.05 mm with an area under the curve of 0.850 (95% confidence interval 0.805 to 0.894, 73.2% sensitivity and 91.4% specificity). Regarding OND/ONSD ratio, there was an insignificant difference between both groups. Conclusion Sonographic ONSD but not OND/ONSD ratio could offer a bedside adjunct or alternative indicator of elevated ICP in IIH patients. Ethnic differences, however, should be noted when using this parameter.
Maximising access to thrombectomy services for stroke in England: A modelling study
Authors: Allen Michael , Pearn Kerry , James Martin , Ford Gary A , White Phil , Rudd Anthony G , McMeekin Peter , Stein Ken 
Published: July 2018

Purpose Both intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and intra-arterial endovascular thrombectomy (ET) improve the outcome of patients with acute ischaemic stroke, with endovascular thrombectomy being an option for those patients with large vessel occlusions. We sought to understand how organisation of services affects time to treatment for both intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular thrombectomy. Method A multi-objective optimisation approach was used to explore the relationship between the number of intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular thrombectomy centres and times to treatment. The analysis is based on 238,887 emergency stroke admissions in England over 3 years (2013–2015). Results Providing hyper-acute care only in comprehensive stroke centres (CSC, providing both intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular thrombectomy, and performing >150 endovascular thrombectomy per year, maximum 40 centres) in England would lead to 15% of patients being more than 45 min away from care, and would create centres with up to 4300 stroke admissions/year. Mixing hyper-acute stroke units (providing intravenous thrombolysis only) with comprehensive stroke centres speeds time to intravenous thrombolysis and mitigates admission numbers to comprehensive stroke centres, but at the expense of increasing time to endovascular thrombectomy. With 24 comprehensive stroke centres and all remaining current acute stroke units as hyper-acute stroke units, redirecting patients directly to attend a comprehensive stroke centre by accepting a small delay (15-min maximum) in intravenous thrombolysis reduces time to endovascular thrombectomy: 25% of all patients would be redirected from hyper-acute stroke units to a comprehensive stroke centre, with an average delay in intravenous thrombolysis of 8 min, and an average improvement in time to endovascular thrombectomy of 80 min. The balance of comprehensive stroke centre:hyper-acute stroke unit admissions would change from 24:76 to 49:51. Conclusion Planning of hyper-acute stroke services is best achieved when considering all forms of acute care and ambulance protocol together. Times to treatment need to be considered alongside manageable and sustainable admission numbers.
Stigmatization in Psoriasis
Authors: Chen Ashley , Beck Kristen M. , Tan Eugene , Koo John 
Published: July 2018

Background: Psoriasis is a highly visible chronic disease with a substantial impact on quality of life. Objective: The purpose of this review is to understand how psoriasis experience stigmatization. A greater understanding of this may help dermatologists improve treatment strategies for their patients. Methods: A MEDLINE search was performed for the terms stigmatization and psoriasis. Results: Stigmatization is common in psoriasis and has a much greater social and psychological impact than even the extent and severity of skin involvement. Patients with psoriasis may experience stigma in different ways. Psoriasis is more highly stigmatized than most other skin diseases. Lack of knowledge about psoriasis on part of the general public is a significant contributor to how patients with psoriasis are stigmatized by others. Conclusion: Stigma is a significant contributor to negative quality of life in patients with psoriasis. Stigma is an important aspect of disease to consider when formulating optimal psoriasis treatment strategy.
Fault gouge dating: history and evolution
Authors: Vrolijk Peter , Pevear David , Covey Michael , LaRiviere Allan 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTRadiometric dating of fault gouges has become a useful tool for regional tectonics studies and for exploring and understanding fault and earthquake processes. Methods to define the absolute age of faults achieved a solid scientific foundation almost 25 years ago when the development and application of illite age analysis for investigating sedimentary burial and thermal histories found a new potential application – defining the age of fold-and-thrust development. Since then, the methods have benefitted from further development and incorporation of the 40Ar/39Ar micro-encapsulation method and quantitative clay mineral evaluation to distinguish polytypes (Wildfire). These refinements to the methods have improved their application in fold-and-thrust terrains and have opened up applications in normal and strike-slip fault environments. Another important development is the use of absolute dating methods in retrograde clay gouges in which clays in a fault develop from igneous or metamorphic wall rocks that contain no clays. In addition, the method has also been shown to be useful at dating folds in fold-and-thrust belts. We think the method is now an established part of the geological toolkit, look forward to future fault structural and tectonic studies that incorporate fault ages and hope that researchers continue to probe and discover ways that the method can assist fault process studies, including earthquake fault studies.
Alprazolam-induced dose-dependent anorgasmia: case analysis
Authors: Kaufman Kenneth R. , Coluccio Melissa , Linke Michelle , Noonan Elizabeth , Babalola Ronke , Aziz Rehan 
Published: July 2018

BackgroundSexual dysfunctions are associated with multiple medical and psychiatric disorders, as well as pharmacotherapies used to treat these disorders. Although sexual dysfunctions negatively affect both quality of life and treatment adherence, patients infrequently volunteer these symptoms and clinicians do not pose directed questions to determine their presence or severity. This issue is especially important in psychiatric patients, for whom most common psychotropics may cause sexual dysfunctions (antidepressants, antipsychotics, anxiolytics and mood-stabilising agents). There is limited literature addressing benzodiazepines, and alprazolam in particular.AimsTo report dose-dependent alprazolam anorgasmia.MethodCase analysis with PubMed literature review.ResultsA 30-year-old male psychiatric patient presented with new-onset anorgasmia in the context of asymptomatic generalised anxiety disorder, social anxiety, panic disorder with agoraphobia, obsessive–compulsive disorder, major depression in remission, and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder treated with escitalopram 10 mg q.a.m., gabapentin 1000 mg total daily dose, lisdexamfetamine dimesylate 70 mg q.a.m., nortriptyline 60 mg q.h.s. and alprazolam extended-release 2.5 mg total daily dose. All psychotropic doses had been constant for >6 months excluding alprazolam, which was titrated from 1 mg to 2.5 mg total daily dose. The patient denied any sexual dysfunction with alprazolam at 1 mg q.d. and 1 mg b.i.d. Within 1 week of increasing alprazolam to 2.5 mg total daily dose, the patient reported anorgasmia. Anorgasmia was alprazolam dose-dependent, as anorgasmia resolved with reduced weekend dosing (1 mg b.i.d. Saturday/1.5 mg total daily dose Sunday).ConclusionsSexual dysfunction is an important adverse effect negatively influencing therapeutic outcome. This case reports alprazolam-induced dose-dependent anorgasmia. Clinicians/patients should be aware of this adverse effect. Routine sexual histories are indicated.Declaration of interestNone.
Comparing individually tailored to disorder-specific internet-based cognitive–behavioural therapy: benchmarking study
Authors: Kraepelien Martin , Forsell Erik , Karin Eyal , Johansson Robert , Lindefors Nils , Kaldo Viktor 
Published: July 2018

SummaryDisorder-specific internet-based cognitive–behavioural therapy (ICBT) is effective for depression, panic disorder and social anxiety. In this benchmarking study, a new, individually tailored, ICBT programme (TAIL) showed effects on depression (n = 284, d = 1.33) that were non-inferior to disorder-specific ICBT for depression in routine care (n = 2358, d = 1.35). However, the hypotheses that TAIL for individuals with social anxiety or panic disorder is inferior to disorder-specific ICBT could not be rejected (social anxiety: TAIL d = 0.74 versus disorder-specific d = 0.81; panic: TAIL d = 1.11 versus disorder-specific d = 1.47). Our findings strengthen the empirical base for TAIL as an alternative to disorder-specific ICBT for depression.Declaration of interestNone.
Do Epidural Catheter Size and Flow Rate Affect Bolus Injection Pressure in Different Programmed Intermittent Epidural Bolus Regimens? An In Vitro Study
Authors: Krawczyk Paweł , Piwowar Piotr , Sałapa Kinga , Lonc Tomasz , Andres Janusz 
Published: July 2018

BACKGROUND:
The optimal programmed intermittent epidural bolus regimen for labor analgesia remains unknown. Some studies indicate that better drug spread in the epidural space results from greater injection pressure; however, there is a lack of data regarding the maximum pressure generated by epidural bolus injection using different catheters and flow rates.

METHODS:
We evaluated the flow and pressure characteristics of 11 commonly used epidural catheters combined with 3 different infusion pumps that deliver epidural infusions according to the programmed intermittent epidural bolus regimen. Pressure changes were measured over time at flow rates of 100, 250, and 400 mL·hour−1 and with a bolus volume of 10 mL. To account for repeated measures, linear mixed models were used. Features were selected with a backward stepwise procedure continued until only statistically significant variables were left in the model.

RESULTS:
We performed 660 measurements. The mean maximal pressure generated during bolus injection ranged from 86 to 863 mm Hg for different flow rates and catheter designs. The interaction between flow rate and catheter gauge resulted in 1.31, 1.65, and 2.00 mm Hg of pressure increase for 18G, 19G, and 20G catheters, respectively, per 1 mL·hour−1 of increased flow rate (P< .001). Analyses including wire-reinforced catheters revealed a 1.16, 1.76, and 2.36 mm Hg pressure increase for 18G, 19G, and 20G catheters, respectively, per 1 mL·hour−1 of increased flow rate (P< .001). In some cases, it triggered the occlusion pump alarm.

CONCLUSIONS:
Significant differences were observed in the in vitro maximum pressure value among the various catheter and flow rate combinations with a higher pressure value for wire-reinforced catheters used in the study. The optimal flow rate and epidural catheter combination may allow for delivery of the bolus with high flow rate without triggering the occlusion alarm.
Creating and implementing local health and wellbeing policy: networks, interactions and collective knowledge creation amongst public sector managers
Authors: Ward Vicky , Smith Simon , Keen Justin , West Robert , House Allan 
Published: July 2018

Background
In the UK managers from multiple organisations are commonly tasked with collectively devising and implementing local health and wellbeing policies as a way of addressing increasing demand for healthcare. This requires them to create knowledge together but relatively little is known about how this occurs. This paper reports the results of research into how managers collectively create knowledge in order to address local health and wellbeing challenges.

Methods
We undertook a case study in three sites in England. Using statistical network modelling we identified clusters of actors and interviewed managers from heterogeneous clusters about their collective activities. We used interview and documentary data to construct accounts of collective knowledge creation.

Findings
Managers simultaneously work across stable bureaucratic networks and temporary taskforces in order to create and implement local health and wellbeing policy. They collectively create knowledge by enacting networks of relationships which enable them to share and build on routines and discourses and to reach out for new evidence, perspectives and skills. When creating knowledge, managers’ ability to draw on and harmonise alternative programmes of action and their willingness to collectively negotiate is more important than their managerial status or position.

Conclusions
Managers should be encouraged to examine and discuss their alternative programmes of action and to see these as a catalyst for rather than barrier to collectively creating and implementing local health and wellbeing policies, and should be supported and valued for their ability to harmonise conflicting programmes of action.
Caracterización eléctrica del sistema Co3O4 + PVOH mediante el uso de la técnica de espectroscopia de impedancia compleja (IS) en altas temperaturas
Authors: Saldarriaga Agudelo Wilmer De Jesus , Buendia Melisa , Zapata Sanchez Victor Hugo 
Published: July 2018

Resultados en espectroscopia de impedancia muestran valores altos en conductividad eléctrica (10-3–10-4 S/cm) en muestras de Co3O4 + PVOH con barridos en temperatura entre los 80 y 200 °C, indicando un fuerte enlace estructural entre los iones de Co3+Co2+ y su entorno con el sistema encontrando energías de activación para el ion cobalto de ~ 1.13 eV y ajustando mediante el modelo Arrhenius. Los barridos en frecuencia muestran un comportamiento dinámico reflejado en los gráficos de la parte imaginaria del módulo eléctrico y la impedancia entre 42 Hz y 5 MHz permitiendo el ajuste y análisis de datos a un circuito RC, con valores de capacitancia del orden de 10-9 nF. Los resultados de la conductancia con frecuencia muestran un comportamiento que obedece la ley universal de relajación de Jonscher (s = sdc+α ωn) con valores obtenidos para el exponente n (0,7< n < 1), también los gráficos de la frecuencia pico de relajación wp vs. Temperatura nos muestran un proceso activado térmicamente con la misma energía de activación del ion.
Sistem Sosial Ekologi Masyarakat pada Kawasan Kota Baru Mandiri Bukit Semarang Baru (BSB)
Authors: Ariani Nofa Martina , Hadi Sudharto P 
Published: July 2018

The spatial pattern of Semarang illustrate how the pattern that separates the production zone with consumption zone. Consumption zone is where we live, while the production zone is where we work, shop, school prayer, and recreation. The condition causes the townspeople have to commute (nglajo) every day from the residence to the production zone. Patterns of community life of the city brought in a mechanical rhythm of having to use a motor vehicle. Be they as a community-based automobile (Hadi, 2001: 100-101). The existence of these problems lead to the birth of the Self-reliant New Town BSB Semarang. Bukit Semarang Baru (BSB) as an Self-reliant New Town is an integrated spatial planning, where the provision of shelter is equipped with facilities meeting the needs which are within the scope of one area or also called mixed use zoning. To examine changes in activity and mobility of people in urban space integrated pattern which in this case is the Self-reliant New Town BSB then used a socio-ecological systems approach. Socio-ecological systems see the extent of the interaction between different systems. The link between humans and the environment is realized through a variety of physiological processes, psychological and cultural (Lawrence, 2003). The method used in this study is a mix methods with quantitative and qualitative approaches. A quantitative approach is used to analyze the activity and mobility patterns, and a qualitative approach to explain the socio-ecological system of the community. Results from this study that of the five regular activity performed, shopping activities and religious activities have high interaction, because most people have been doing the activity in the region, while for other activities such as the activity of work, school and activity in leisure time is still done in BSB outside the region. The use of public transport modes BSB still choose a long private vehicle.
Structural Control in Weighted Voting Games
Authors: Rey Anja , Rothe Jörg 
Published: July 2018

AbstractInspired by the study of control scenarios in elections and complementing manipulation and bribery settings in cooperative games with transferable utility, we introduce the notion of structural control in weighted voting games. We model two types of influence, adding players to and deleting players from a game, with goals such as increasing a given player’s Shapley–Shubik or probabilistic Penrose–Banzhaf index in relation to the original game. We study the computational complexity of the problems of whether such structural changes can achieve the desired effect.