bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pan-genome wide identification and analysis of the SAMS gene family in sunflowers (Helianthus annuus L.) revealed their intraspecies diversity and potential roles in abiotic stress tolerance
Authors: Zhang Chun , Li Haoyu , Yin Jiamin , Han Zhibin , Liu Xinqi , Chen Yang 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionS-adenosylmethionine (SAM), a key molecule in plant biology, plays an essential role in stress response and growth regulation. Despite its importance, the SAM synthetase (SAMS) gene family in sunflowers (Helianthus annuus L.) remains poorly understood.MethodsIn this study, the SAMS genes were identified from the sunflower genome. Subsequently, the protein properties, gene structure, chromosomal location, cis-acting elements, collinearity, and phylogeny of the SAMS gene family were analyzed by bioinformatic methods. Finally, the expression patterns of SAMS genes in different tissues, under different hormonal treatment and abiotic stress were analyzed based on transcriptome data and qRT-PCR.ResultsThis study identified 58 SAMS genes across nine cultivated sunflower species, which were phylogenetically classified into seven distinct subgroups. Physicochemical properties and gene structure analysis showed that the SAMS genes are tightly conserved between cultivars. Collinearity analysis revealed segmental duplications as the primary driver of gene family expansion. The codon usage bias analysis suggested that natural selection substantially shapes the codon usage patterns of sunflower SAMS genes, with a bias for G/C-ending high-frequency codons, particularly encoding glycine, leucine, and arginine. Analysis of the cis-regulatory elements in promoter regions, implied their potential roles in stress responsiveness. Differential expression patterns for HanSAMS genes were observed in different tissues as well as under hormone treatment or abiotic stress conditions by analyzing RNA-seq data from previous studies and qRT-PCR data in our current study. The majority of genes demonstrated a robust response to BRA and IAA treatments in leaf tissues, with no significant expression change observed in roots, suggesting the response of HanSAMS genes to hormones is tissue-specific. Expression analyses under abiotic stresses demonstrated diverse expression profiles of HanSAMS genes, with HanSAMS5 showing significant upregulation in response to both drought and salt stresses.DiscussionThis comprehensive genomic and expression analysis provides valuable insights into the SAMS gene family in sunflowers, laying a robust foundation for future functional studies and applications in crop improvement for stress resilience.
The moderating role of the late positive potential in the link between attachment anxiety and emotion regulation difficulties
Authors: Ramos-Henderson Miguel , Guzmán-González Mónica , Bahamondes Joaquín , Domic-Siede Marcos 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionUnderstanding how adults experience and regulate their emotions is strongly linked to attachment orientations. Numerous studies indicate emotional regulation difficulties in both attachment avoidance and anxiety. Additionally, emotional Event-Related Potentials (ERPs), such as the Late Positive Potential (LPP), reveal the process of emotional information at the cerebral level, and thus, LPP is commonly used in studies examining emotion regulation processes. For instance, when individuals are asked to use cognitive strategies to increase, maintain, or decrease their emotional responses to stimuli, changes in LPP amplitude can reflect the effectiveness of these regulation strategies. However, little is known about the potential moderating effect of the LPP during the implementation of emotional regulation strategies in the relationship between attachment dimensions and emotional dysregulation. To address this oversight, the purpose of the present study was to examine the association between both dimensions of attachment, anxiety and avoidance, and emotional dysregulation, as well as the moderating role of the LPP during the induced implementation of cognitive reappraisal.MethodsBrain activity was recorded using EEG from n = 63 adults while they performed a task in which they were instructed to either reappraise or suppress emotions elicited by unpleasant images. To assess the associations between LPP, emotional dysregulation, and attachment orientations, the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale Spanish version (DERS-E) and the Experiences in Close Relationships questionnaire (ECR-12) were used.ResultsInterestingly, we found that greater LPP amplitudes during reappraisal implementation intensified the association between attachment anxiety and emotional regulation difficulties. Conversely, this relationship was non-significant under lower levels of LPP amplitude—Providing supporting evidence for the moderating role of LPP.DiscussionOur results highlight how attachment anxiety can influence the ability to regulate emotions. This study provides new insights into how variations in LPP contribute to the effectiveness of emotion regulation strategies.
Investigating resilience in patients with IBD: preliminary insights for understanding disease-specific resilience skills
Authors: Mendiolaza Michelle , Ogundipe Tonia , Arroyave-Villada Juan , Adeonigbagbe Olusola , Gorbenko Ksenia , Keefer Laurie 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionInflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) significantly impact patients’ quality of life. While research highlights the potential role of psychological resilience to enhance overall health and well-being in patients with chronic conditions, its specific role in the context of IBD remains underexplored. This study aimed to identify key components of resilience, while serving as a precursor to the development of a disease-specific Resilience Scale for IBD (RISE-IBD).MethodsIn semi-structured focus groups and individual interviews, fifteen patients with IBD discussed their perspectives on the construct of resilience, particularly in terms of the diverse strategies they employed to overcome IBD-related challenges. Patients also deliberated on the relevance of themes identified in two widely used and validated resilience measures. Four analysts coded the transcripts using MAXQDA. Selected items for the drafted measure were refined based on constructive feedback from an additional focus group with study participants and six multidisciplinary IBD professionals, thus establishing face and content validity.ResultsThe qualitative analysis revealed critical themes of resilience for IBD including: (1) seeking physical and emotional support from others, (2) developing personal coping mechanisms to manage stress, and (3) employing strategic disease-management techniques. These themes led to the identification of 17 items, which were categorized into three domains: interpersonal fortitude, individual character strengths, and logistical strategies.DiscussionThis study highlights the critical role of resilience, a core concept in positive psychology, in the effective self-management of IBD. The findings underscore the importance of building upon resilience strategies to help patients bolster the psychological potencies needed to manage their condition more effectively. Future research will focus on the psychometric validation of items identified for the scale. By incorporating resilience-building strategies into IBD care, we can support patients in developing a more positive outlook and improved life satisfaction.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding tuberculosis in a labor-intensive industrial district
Authors: Li Jin , Lu Liping , Zou Jinyan , Li Yong , Fu Lijuan , Zhao Qi 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundIn China, tuberculosis (TB) is a major contributor to deaths caused by infectious diseases, with a significant number of cases remaining undetected. Lack of knowledge could heighten the chances of infecting TB. Due to the lack of information on the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to TB among labor-intensive businesses, the study aimed to evaluate the TB KAP within this demographic.MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1,007 participants from March 1 to 28, 2023. A survey was created for assessing knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to tuberculosis, and was sent to employees within the company. We utilize t-tests, ANOVA, and multiple linear regression to investigate the relationship between TB knowledge, attitudes, and practices and various influencing factors.ResultsThe mean good scores rate for TB KAP were 43.5, 23.5, and 75.3%, respectively. Native, female, and workers living in their own houses had a higher score in TB knowledge. Native, non-operators, and workers with a history of TB contact had higher scores in TB practice. Regarding the multivariable linear regression analysis, sex, seniority, birthplace, marital status, and sources of information were associated with greater knowledge; monthly income categories were associated with greater attitude; and position, birthplace, and contact history were associated with greater practice.ConclusionThe survey results lead to the assumption that the level of KAP toward TB is not high among manufacturing workers in Songjiang district. Therefore, it is crucial to enhance tuberculosis knowledge, attitudes, and practices within this demographic.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices in adult patients and parents of pediatric atopic dermatitis patients: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Nie Zhifeng , Fan Pengyang , Zhou Yuting , Han Sheng 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveTo investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of adult Atopic Dermatitis patients and parents of pediatric atopic dermatitis patients toward the disease.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted from January to February 2022, involving 1,193 Asian Atopic Dermatitis patients from the Atopic Dermatitis patient organization “Atopic Dermatitis Home.” The study included 594 adult patients and 599 parents of pediatric atopic dermatitis patients, with self-designed questionnaires assessing general demographics and continuous variables KAP.ResultsAdult patients demonstrated higher knowledge scores, particularly in areas of bathing and skincare (3.64 ± 0.68 vs. 3.35 ± 0.93, p &lt; 0.01), and treatment precautions (3.35 ± 0.93 vs. 3.81 ± 0.51, p &lt; 0.01), compared to parents of pediatric patients. In terms of practices, adult patients scored higher in treatment adherence (0.69 ± 0.96 vs. 3.33 ± 1.19, p &lt; 0.01) and lifestyle management (1.85 ± 0.39 vs. 1.69 ± 0.59, p &lt; 0.01), while parents scored higher in risk avoidance (1.58 ± 0.79 vs. 1.62 ± 0.88, p &lt; 0.01). Regression analysis revealed that knowledge and attitudes significantly positively affected practices. Treatment adherence was positively associated with knowledge of treatment precautions (B = 0.323, 95% CI 0.175, 0.471, p &lt; 0.001) and negatively with disease characteristics (B = -0.112, 95% CI -0.216, −0.008, p = 0.035). Self-treatment was positively associated with knowledge of disease characteristics (B = 0.154, 95% CI 0.036, 0.272, p = 0.011) and medication attitudes (B = 0.282, 95% CI 0.208, 0.356, p &lt; 0.001). Lifestyle management was positively associated with knowledge of skincare (B = 0.071, 95% CI 0.036, 0.106, p &lt; 0.001) and treatment precautions (B = 0.160, 95% CI 0.096, 0.224, p &lt; 0.001), but negatively with patient type (B = -0.127, 95% CI -0.184, −0.070, p &lt; 0.001). Risk avoidance was positively associated with knowledge of skincare (B = 0.128, 95% CI 0.067, 0.189, p &lt; 0.001) and treatment precautions (B = 0.163, 95% CI 0.053, 0.273, p = 0.004).ConclusionThe study concluded that knowledge and attitudes significantly affect health practices among Atopic Dermatitis patients. Enhancing patient education on treatment precautions and skincare can improve adherence and management behaviors, highlighting the need for targeted educational interventions.
Global burden of low back pain and its attributable risk factors from 1990 to 2021: a comprehensive analysis from the global burden of disease study 2021
Authors: Li Yue , Zou Congying , Guo Weidong , Han Feng , Fan Tao , Zang Lei , Huang Guoshun 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundThis study aimed to examine the evolving trends in the global burden of low back pain (LBP) from 1990 to 2021 and predicted disease burden until 2035.Materials and methodsLBP-related data were obtained from the Global Health Data Exchange (GHDx) query tool. All estimates and their 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) were generated using DisMod-MR 2.1, a Bayesian meta-regression tool in Global Burden of Disease, Injury, and Risk Factor Study (GBD) 2021. Data processing and visualization were conducted using The R Programming Language software version 4.3.2 and Joinpoint 4.7.ResultsIn 2021, approximately 628.8 million people worldwide were affected by LBP, with approximately 266.9 million new incident cases and age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of 3176.6 per 100,000. Compared with 1990, although the ASIR and age-standardized disability-adjusted life years rate (ASDALYsR) decreased, absolute numbers increased significantly. Projections for 2035 reveal a continued decline in ASIR and ASDALYsR for LBP. The LBP burden varied by the sociodemographic index quintile and GBD region, with the highest ASIR and ASDALYsR observed in Central Europe and the greatest decrease in East Asia. Globally, women bear a higher burden of LBP than men, with middle-aged populations experiencing the heaviest burden. Occupational ergonomic factors, high body mass index, and smoking remain the primary risk factors for LBP, with occupational ergonomic factors contributing the most to the overall burden.ConclusionDespite a projected decline in incidence, the global burden of LBP persists, exhibiting significant regional and gender disparities. To mitigate its future burden, precise and effective prevention and control strategies targeting high-risk factors are imperative.
The impact of AI on education and careers: What do students think?
Authors: Thomson Sarah R. , Pickard-Jones Beverley Ann , Baines Stephanie , Otermans Pauldy C. J. 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionProviding one-on-one support to large cohorts is challenging, yet emerging AI technologies show promise in bridging the gap between the support students want and what educators can provide. They offer students a way to engage with their course material in a way that feels fluent and instinctive. Whilst educators may have views on the appropriates for AI, the tools themselves, as well as the novel ways in which they can be used, are continually changing.MethodsThe aim of this study was to probe students' familiarity with AI tools, their views on its current uses, their understanding of universities' AI policies, and finally their impressions of its importance, both to their degree and their future careers. We surveyed 453 psychology and sport science students across two institutions in the UK, predominantly those in the first and second year of undergraduate study, and conducted a series of five focus groups to explore the emerging themes of the survey in more detail.ResultsOur results showed a wide range of responses in terms of students' familiarity with the tools and what they believe AI tools could and should not be used for. Most students emphasized the importance of understanding how AI tools function and their potential applications in both their academic studies and future careers. The results indicated a strong desire among students to learn more about AI technologies. Furthermore, there was a significant interest in receiving dedicated support for integrating these tools into their coursework, driven by the belief that such skills will be sought after by future employers. However, most students were not familiar with their university's published AI policies.DiscussionThis research on pedagogical methods supports a broader long-term ambition to better understand and improve our teaching, learning, and student engagement through the adoption of AI and the effective use of technology and suggests a need for a more comprehensive approach to communicating these important guidelines on an on-going basis, especially as the tools and guidelines evolve.
Wetland restoration, household income, and livelihood structure of farmers
Authors: Feng Ji , Wen Yali , Zhang Huiyuan , Duan Wei , Hao Haiguang 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundWetland restoration is an important measure for restoring wetland ecosystems and their ecological benefits, with the goal of restoring their ecological functions and resources. However, wetland restoration affects farmers' incomes and livelihoods. Although existing research has contributed to a deeper understanding of the relationship between wetland restoration and farmers' household incomes, some issues require further consideration. Therefore, here, we aimed to analyse the impact of wetland restoration on farmers' incomes and provide empirical evidence for the coordination mechanism of protection and development in the Poyang Lake Wetland in Jiangxi Province.MethodsBased on 2 years of balanced panel data of 365 households around the Poyang Lake wetland, this study analysed the influence of policies related to wetland restoration and how variables such as the cultivated land area, labour force transfer, and location of nature reserves impact farmers' income. To this end, we used a two-way fixed-effect model to test the robustness by using propensity score matching, and the influence mechanisms of wetland protection policies, such as wetland restoration, wetland ecological compensation, and the Yangtze River fishing ban, on farmers' income interactions were explored.Results and discussionThe results showed that, due to the policy of wetland restoration was implemented a long time ago, the negative impact of the policy on reducing farmers' household income is not significant now. Further, farmers' family livelihood strategies have changed, and choosing other types of agricultural production and off farm employment are currently the main choices for farmers. Wetland restoration has changed their income structures. Additionally, the two wetland restoration policies and banning of fishing have had synergistic effects. The findings of this study are helpful in understanding how wetland restoration around nature reserves influences farmers' household incomes. Further, they can provide policy insights for promoting an increase in income and the optimization of the income structure of communities around lake wetland nature reserves.
Use of dehydrated carrot (Daucus carota) pomace and almond (Prunus dulcis) powder for partial replacement of wheat flour in cake: effect on product quality and acceptability
Authors: Kausar Tusneem , Laaraj Salah , Hussain Ashiq , Noutfia Younes , Bouhrim Mohamed , Mothana Ramzi A. , Noman Omar M. , Mubashar Aymen , Firdous Nida , Ali Shafiqa , Yaqub Shazia , Elfazazi Kaoutar 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionCarrot (Daucus carota) is a nutrient-dense root vegetable, and carrot pomace is a by-product of the juice extraction procedure, which is recognized a source of phytochemicals and functional components. Almonds (Prunus dulcis) are packed with a decent amount of nutrients and bioactives.MethodsThis study investigates the utilization of carrot pomace powder (CPP) and almond powder (AP) as partial substitutes for straight grade white flour (SGWF) in cakes to enhance their nutritional value and sensory appeal, while reducing waste from carrot processing. The aim is to assess the effects of incorporating CPP (at 5%, 10%, and 15%) and AP (at 5%) on the chemical composition and properties of cakes.Results and discussionComparative analysis reveals that AP is rich in fat (13.8 ± 0.6%) and protein (31 ± 0.6%), while CPP excels in ash (5.0 ± 0.5%) and fiber (43.3 ± 3.3%) content. Furthermore, SGWF exhibits the highest moisture content. Water holding capacities for CPP and AP are 5.2 ± 0.2% and 5.0±0.1%, respectively, and oil holding capacities are 1.3 ± 0.1% and 1.8 ± 0.2%, respectively. Additionally, CPP contains higher levels of sodium, potassium, and calcium, while AP contains higher levels of magnesium, iron, and zinc compared to SGWF. The addition of CPP and AP increases the ash, fat, fiber, and protein contents of the cakes. Notably, cakes containing 80% SGWF, 15% CPP, and 5% AP show significantly higher total phenolic content (TPC) (125.5 ± 3.8 mg GAE/100 g), total flavonoid content (TFC) (58.4 ± 1.4 mg QE/100 g), and DPPH activity (17.6 ± 2.7%) compared to control cakes. Furthermore, a significant increment in mineral content is observed in cakes with high levels of CPP and AP. Sensory evaluations reveal high acceptance of cakes containing 15% CPP and 5% AP. In conclusion, this study suggests that the incorporation of CPP and AP into cakes can improve their nutritional profile, antioxidant activity, and sensory characteristics, offering a sustainable approach to bakery product development.
Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of peste des petits ruminants in sheep and goats in three districts of the Central Oromia Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Wendimu Tilahun Guday , Dinbiso Tegegn Dilbato , Lobago Demeke Sibhatu , Marami Lencho Megersa 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundPeste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a viral disease that affects domestic and wild small ruminants and camels in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. Following the successful eradication of rinderpest, the World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH) and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) have undertaken to eradicate PPR by 2030. Regular surveillance and monitoring of the disease in various regions of Ethiopia are crucial to achieving this goal. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of PPR, assess community awareness of PPR infection, and examine the associated risk factors of the disease in selected districts of the Central Oromia Region, Ethiopia.MethodThe study collected 384 serum samples from 73 flocks containing 217 sheep and 167 goats using a multi-stage sampling technique. A competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA) was used to detect antibodies against the PPR virus. Additionally, a pre-tested questionnaire was used to gather information on community awareness and potential risk factors for PPRV infection in the study area.ResultsThe study found that the overall prevalence of PPR in flocks was 71.2% [95% confidence interval (CI): 59.4%−81.2%]. The prevalence of PPR at the animal level was 50% (95% CI: 44.9%−55.1%), with sheep having a prevalence of 54.4% (95% CI: 47.0%−60.6%) and goats having a prevalence of 44.3% (95% CI: 36.6%−52.2%). The study also found that districts, flock size, and agroecology were independent predictors of PPRV seropositivity in sheep, whereas districts, origin, and mixed species were independent predictors of PPRV seropositivity in goats.ConclusionThe study revealed a high prevalence of PPR in sheep and goats in the study area. To prevent the spread of the disease, the study suggests quarantining animals before introducing them to districts, regular PPR vaccination, and isolation and molecular characterization of the PPR virus circulating in the study area.