bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tubular Ectasia in Renal Allograft Biopsy: Associations With Occult Obstructive Urological Complications
Authors: Bojić Marija , Regele Heinz , Herkner Harald , Berlakovich Gabriela , Kläger Johannes , Bauer Clemens , Seitz Christian , Kikić Željko 
Published: July 2019

Background.
Urological obstructive complications (UOC) affect up to 15% of kidney transplants (KTX). Most cases are excluded by ultrasonography (US); however, accuracy may be limited in the early transplant phase. Features of acute tubular injury (ATI) in KTX biopsy may be informative but histological features indicating UOC are ill defined. Tubular ectasia (TE) was shown to be associated with UOC in experimental data. We evaluated the association of histomorphological features, particularly TE, with occult (=without relevant hydronephrosis in US) UOC and renal outcomes.

Methods.
We included all recipients with an early indication biopsy (976 of 1537 consecutive KTX). The biopsy finding of TE classified as “suspicious of UOC” was compared with the following endpoints: delayed graft function, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and occult UOC. Additionally, histopathological features of ATI were reevaluated by a single pathologist to increase diagnostic accuracy.

Results.
Fifty-eight (5.9%) patients presented with TE, which was not related to delayed graft function or estimated glomerular filtration rate. Forty percent of patients had a UOC (most frequently ureteral stenosis) close to biopsy. Comparing these biopsies to matched controls, TE was significantly associated with UOC (odds ratio 2.69; P = 0.018). After histopathological reevaluation of these biopsies including additional features of ATI, we developed a final multivariate model with a highly significant relationship to UOC (Receiver operating characteristic–area under the curve: 0.77; P = 0.001). The model provides a specificity of 78% and negative predictive value of 73%.

Conclusions.
TE together with additional signs of ATI indicates occult UOC. This histological phenotype should trigger more detailed evaluation for UOC when there is no evidence of relevant hydronephrosis in the ultrasonography.
IFITMs Inhibit Cell Fusion Mediated by Trophoblast Syncytins
Authors: Zani Ashley , Zhang Lizhi , Kenney Adam , McMichael Temet M. , Kwiek Jesse J. , Liu Shan-Lu , Yount Jacob S. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractType I interferon (IFN) induced by virus infections during pregnancy causes placental damage, though the mechanisms and identities of IFN-stimulated genes that are involved remain under investigation. The IFN-induced transmembrane proteins (IFITMs) inhibit virus infections by preventing virus membrane fusion with cells and by inhibiting fusion of infected cells (syncytialization). Fusion of placental trophoblasts via expression of endogenous retroviral fusogens known as Syncytins forms the syncytiotrophoblast, a multinucleated cell structure essential for fetal development. We found that IFN blocks fusion of BeWo human placental trophoblasts. Stably-expressed IFITMs 1, 2, and 3 also blocked fusion of these trophoblasts, while making them more resistant to virus infections. Conversely, stable knockdown of IFITMs in BeWo trophoblasts increased their spontaneous fusion and allowed fusion in the presence of IFN, while also making the cells more susceptible to virus infection. Overall, our data demonstrate that IFITMs are anti-viral and anti-fusogenic in trophoblasts.
The small and efficient language network of polyglots and hyper-polyglots
Authors: Jouravlev Olessia , Mineroff Zachary , Blank Idan A. , Fedorenko Evelina 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAcquiring a foreign language is challenging for many adults. Yet certain individuals choose to acquire sometimes dozens of languages, and often just for fun. Is there something special about the minds and brains of such polyglots? Using robust individual-level markers of language activity, measured with fMRI, we compared native language processing in polyglots versus matched controls. Polyglots (n=17, including 9 “hyper-polyglots” with proficiency in 10-55 languages) used fewer neural resources to process language: their activations were smaller in both magnitude and extent. This difference was spatially and functionally selective: the groups were similar in their activation of two other brain networks – the multiple demand network and the default mode network. We hypothesize that the activation reduction in the language network is experientially driven, such that the acquisition and use of multiple languages makes language processing generally more efficient. However, genetic and longitudinal studies will be critical to distinguish this hypothesis from the one whereby polyglots’ brains already differ at birth or early in development. This initial characterization of polyglots’ language network opens the door to future investigations of the cognitive and neural architecture of individuals who gain mastery of multiple languages, including changes in this architecture with linguistic experiences.
Temporal Chunking as a Mechanism for Unsupervised Learning of Task-Sets
Authors: Bouchacourt Flora , Palminteri Stefano , Koechlin Etienne , Ostojic Srdjan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDepending on environmental demands, humans can learn and exploit multiple concurrent sets of stimulus-response associations. Mechanisms underlying the learning of such task-sets remain unknown. Here we investigate the hypothesis that task-set learning relies on unsupervised chunking of stimulus-response associations that occur in temporal proximity. We examine behavioral and neural data from a task-set learning experiment using a network model. We first show that task-set learning can be achieved provided the timescale of chunking is slower than the timescale of stimulus-response learning. Fitting the model to behavioral data confirmed this expectation and led to specific predictions linking chunking and task-set retrieval that were borne out by behavioral performance and reaction times. Comparing the model activity with BOLD signal allowed us to identify neural correlates of task-set retrieval in a functional network involving ventral and dorsal prefrontal cortex, with the dorsal system preferentially engaged when retrievals are used to improve performance.
Substrate Transport is Mediated not only by P-glycoprotein but also by Lipid Penetration
Authors: Yu Yuqi , Wang Jinan , Chen Zhaoqiang , Wang Guimin , Xu Zhijian , Shao Qiang , Shi Jiye , Zhu Weiliang 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTIn association with large-scale conformational changes, the members of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp) pump endogenous cytotoxic substances and exogenous drugs out of cells. Here, a series of nonequilibrium-driven molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are sophisticatedly combined to provide a generally effective access to quantitatively investigate such a complex biological process that has been posing a great challenge for experiments and computational simulations. Both common features and unique characteristics of multiple ligands (substrates or inhibitors) that are recognized by P-gps from mouse and human species are quantitatively explored, providing additional insights into experimentally suggested ligand transport pathways and summarizing the important roles of not only different P-gps but also lipids in regulating ligand transport. These findings reveal the molecular mechanism underlying the transport of ligands by P-gps from different species and emphasize the consideration of lipid effects on the future design of effective P-gp inhibitors.
Development of food products with addition of rapeseed presscake fermented by Rhizopus
Authors: Lücke Friedrich-Karl , Tannhäuser Kathrin , Sharma Amrita , Fritz Viktoria 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the prospects and limitations of consumer acceptance towards food products that have been enriched with rapeseed protein in the form of fermented rapeseed presscake.

Design/methodology/approach
In total, 16 different food products with up to 18 per cent fermented rapeseed presscake were developed. Three types of vegetarian spreads and one type of bread were formulated, and consumer acceptance was assessed by sensory evaluation, questionnaires and in a focus group.

Findings
The fermentation of the rapeseed presscake by using the tempeh mould, Rhizopus oligosporus, had little if any effect on the bitterness of the presscake, and the bitter taste and aftertaste of the fermented presscake limited its use in food products. However, promising results were obtained when the breads and vegetarian spreads that were prepared with 5–6 per cent dried fermented rapeseed presscake were presented to sensory panels and to consumers, provided that the bitterness was masked, to some degree, by appropriate formulations and processes.

Research limitations/implications
Responders consisted mainly of younger people open to sustainable, plant-based nutrition, and may not represent the general population. Nevertheless, the results have implications for further research on utilization of rapeseed proteins.

Practical implications
It is possible to use the fermented rapeseed presscake to enrich various foods with protein or to replace other proteins, e.g. from animals or soybeans, provided that the degree of degradation of undesired compounds can be better standardized.

Originality/value
This study provides useful information for how to increase the use of underutilized plant proteins for human nutrition.
From Ossau and Iraty to PDO Ossau-Iraty
Authors: Millet Morgane 
Published: July 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to understand how a geographical indication (GI) is built through time and how its (non)appropriation by local producers shapes it. The reciprocity of such process is also considered: how the creation of a GI changes local relationships between producers, within the GI and out of it? The case of Ossau-Iraty is relevant: in south-west of France, this protected designation of origin (PDO) has been based on two distinct regions: Bearn (Ossau) and Pays Basque (Iraty). Since then, most producers of Bearn have rejected this PDO.Design/methodology/approachThe author adopts a diachronic perspective: the trajectory of the local dairy ewe sector is described, focusing on the trajectory of on-farm cheese makers from Bearn and Pays Basque and the trajectory of Ossau-Iraty. Based on different methods (qualitative interviews and archive research), this paper aims at analyzing the interactions within such heterogeneous networks.FindingsWhen the PDO was created (1980), the opposition between producers of Bearn and Pays Basque was based on strong senses of place, which would be translated in a different perception of tradition: to Bearn producers, PDO Ossau-Iraty would be an industrial cheese, in which they did not recognize their product and themselves. With time, the producers who have been involved in the PDO worked on its specifications. The recognition of symbolic practices such as on-farm production or Summer pasture production, the recognition of differences between Basque cheese and Bearn cheese are changes that contribute to the evolution of perceptions within the local producers’ community. The author observes a recent convergence between Basque producers and Bearn producers, as their distinct products share common and strong qualifications within PDO Ossau-Iraty that contribute to their respective valorization. However, it seems to occur at an institutional level and the adhesion of the local producers might still be at stakes.Research limitations/implicationsA statistical study could reinforce the author’s exploratory and historical research. Furthermore, it would have been relevant to take local inhabitants and local consumers into account, as they have participated in the products’ qualifications as well.Originality/valueA long-term analysis (40 years) contributes to better understand how cheeses are valorized and how such process is based on controversial processes. It contributes to root GIs into local histories, which are nor as consensual neither as uniform as we would primarily think, and to identity levers for sustainable local development.
A novel memristive true random number generator design
Authors: Cam Taskiran Zehra Gulru , Taşkıran Murat , Kıllıoğlu Mehmet , Kahraman Nihan , Sedef Herman 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
In this work, a true random number generator is designed by sampling the double-scroll analog continuous-time chaotic circuit signals.

Methodology
A Chua circuit based on memristance simulator is designed to obtain a non-linear term for a chaotic dynamic system. It is implemented on the board by using commercially available integrated circuits and passive elements. A low precision ADC which is commonly found in the market is used to sample the chaotic signals. The mathematical analysis of the chaotic circuit is verified by experimental results.

Originality
It is aimed to be one of the pioneering studies (including low precision ADC) in the literature on the implementation of memristive chaotic random number generators.

Findings
Two new methods are proposed for post-processing and creating random bit array using XOR operator and J-K flip flop. The bit stream obtained by a full-hardware implementation successfully passed the NIST-800-22 test. In this respect, the availability of the memristance simulator circuit, memristive chaotic double-scroll attractor, proposed random bit algorithm and the randomness of the memristive analog continuous-time chaotic true number generator were also verified.
Lattice Boltzmann modeling of convective flows in a large-scale cavity heated from below by two imposed temperature profiles
Authors: Abouricha Noureddine , El Alami Mustapha , Souhar Khalid 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to model the convective flows in a room equipped by a glass door and a heated floor of length l = 0.8 × H and submitted to a sinusoidal temperature profile and mono alternative temperature profile.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper opts for a numerical study of convective flows in a large scale cavity using the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) by considering a two dimensions (2D) square cavity of side H and filled by air (Pr = 0.71). All the vertical walls, the ceiling and the rest of the floor are thermally insulated, the hot portion of length l = 0.8×H is heated with two imposed temperature profiles of amplitude values 0.2 ≤  a  ≤ 0.6 and for two different periods ζ = ζ0 and ζ = 0.4×ζ0. One of the vertical walls has a cold portion θc = 0 that represents the glass door.

Findings
A systematic study of the flow structure and heat transfer is carried out considering principal control parameters: amplitude “a” and period ζ for Rayleigh number Ra = 108. Effects of these parameters on results are presented in terms of isotherms, streamlines, profiles of velocities, temperature in the cavity, global and local Nusselt number. It has been found that an increase in amplitude or period increases the amplitude of the temperature in the core of cavity. The Nusselt number increases when the amplitude “a” of the imposed temperature increases, but this later is not affected by variation of the period.

Originality/value
The authors used LBM to simulate the convective flows in a cavity at high Ra, heated from below by tow imposed temperature profiles. Indeed, they simulate a local equipped by a solar water heater (SWH). The floor is subjected to a periodic heating: Sinusoidal heating (Case 1) for which the temperature varies sinusoidally (SWH without a supplement), and mono alternation heating (Case 2), the temperature evolves like a redressed signal (SWH with a supplement). The considered method has been successfully validated and compared with the previous work. The study has been conducted using several control parameters such as the signal amplitude and period in the case of turbulent convection. This allowed us to obtain a considerable set of results that can be used for engineering.
Drivers of continuance intention with mobile banking apps
Authors: Poromatikul Chayawan , De Maeyer Peter , Leelapanyalert Kannika , Zaby Simon 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the drivers of continuance intention with mobile banking apps, in a Thai context. The secondary objective is to examine if there are underlying segments that differ meaningfully in this regard.

Design/methodology/approach
A structural equation model based on the European Customer Satisfaction Index is estimated. The data were obtained by conducting an online survey of mobile banking users in Thailand (n=399).

Findings
The top 3 factors directly affecting continuance intention toward mobile banking are satisfaction, trust and expectancy confirmation. Image and perceived risk also have an impact, although studies have reported that the latter is less impactful than the prior. One latent segment is more influenced by observable performance characteristics like confirmation and perceived quality, the other more by credence factors like trust and image.

Practical implications
The study confirms the important role of satisfaction and expectancy confirmation in driving continuance. Somewhat unexpected is the high relative prominence of trust as a driver, at least in the Thai context. This is a “soft” variable managers should not dismiss. The identification of segments also points to potentially different treatment and actionable advice for managers.

Originality/value
This paper adds to the scant body of empirical work on continuance intention with mobile banking. In light of the large investments in mobile banking capabilities being made, this is an under-researched area. This paper to the authors’ knowledge is the first to study consumer heterogeneity in this context.
Adoption of agroforestry practices and climate change mitigation strategies in North West province of South Africa
Authors: Oduniyi Oluwaseun Samuel , Tekana Sibongile Sylvia 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
It is globally accepted that climate change is presently the greatest threat to the sustainability of human livelihood and biodiversity. Most farmers in the study area are highly aware of climate change and its consequences on the farming system; however, mitigation strategies are clearly lacking. Among the mitigation, mechanism to reduce the threat is achieved by increasing the amount of carbon sinks and reducing greenhouse gas emission through the adoption of agroforestry practices. The purpose of this study is to determine if awareness on climate change leads to the adoption of agroforestry practices, and to examine the determinants.

Design/methodology/approach
A total number of 117 questionnaires were administered to the farmers in the district using stratified random sampling technique. Data were captured and analysed using STATA and XLSTAT software. Descriptive statistics and Heckprobit sample selection model were used to determine the objectives of the study.

Findings
The result established that climate change awareness does not lead to the adoption of agroforestry in the study area in which information source and member’s association were statistically significant at (p < 0.1) and (p < 0.05), respectively, and determine the adoption of agroforestry practices, while farming experience (p < 0.1), age (p < 0.05), extension visit (p < 0.05) and education (p < 0.1), were the determining factors that influence the awareness of climate change in the study area.

Practical implications
Regular number of extensions visit, information and training on agroforestry should be provided to the farmers in the study area.

Social implications
Farmers’ association should be strengthened among the rural farmers.

Originality/value
The causal effect or relationship of climate change awareness on mitigation through the practice of agroforestry in South Africa, especially in the study area, has not been measured. This research set a pace in the area of climate change awareness leading to mitigation strategies through the use of agroforestry practices as an option to be used in the rural farming area of South Africa.
Organizational commitment, rewards and education in the Philippines
Authors: Kokubun Keisuke 
Published: July 2019

PurposeThe theory of organizational commitment (OC) was originally developed in the context of Western societies. Therefore, its application to a non-Western country may be easier and more successful if that country’s society has been historically influenced by Western cultures. Based on this understanding, this paper aims to investigate the relationship between OC and rewards among employees in one of East Asia’s developing countries most significantly influenced by Western cultures.Design/methodology/approachHierarchical regression analysis was conducted using survey data obtained from 2,363 employees working for 11 Japanese manufacturing companies in the Philippines.FindingsThe paper revealed that the variables measuring intrinsic rewards were strongly related to OC than extrinsic and social rewards, suggesting that the antecedents of OC in the Philippines resemble more closely those found in the west than in the east. This tendency was found to be stronger for university graduates, whose OC is influenced more significantly by intrinsic rewards and less by social rewards, compared to that of non-graduates.Research limitations/implicationsThe major limitation concerns reliability. This study used self-report data from individual respondents; this may result in common method bias relationships between variables being inflated.Practical implicationsThe results of this study could support the revision of human resource management practices, enabling workers to contribute to their companies on a long-term basis in countries where Western cultures have influenced employees’ mindsets and attitudes.Originality/valueIntrinsic rewards impact OC more than other rewards in the Philippines due to its history of Westernization and recent industrialization. This research is the first, to the best of the author’s knowledge, to verify this assumption, and should assist managers of companies in the Philippines, and perhaps, in other developing countries influenced by Western cultures, in formulating strategies to foster high levels of OC among their employees.
Study of the tribological properties of rolling element bearings under the effect of magnetic field
Authors: Kadıoğlu Mustafa , Durak Ertuğrul 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the magnetic field to the friction coefficient in the rolling element bearings which exists in electric motors.

Design/methodology/approach
To achieve this, the test rig was modified to adjust the density of the magnetic flux applied to the rolling ball element bearing. Experiments were carried out in the magnetic field from 0 to 7.5 mTesla at magnetic flux density range from 15, 40 and 65 N constant loads. Also, its rotary speed selected as 100, 200, 400, 800 to 1200 rpm, respectively.

Findings
In the majority of the experiments, it was observed that the magnetic field affected the friction coefficient. This influence reduced the friction coefficient in some experimental conditions and increased in some of them.

Originality/value
In the literature, there are very few studies on the effect of magnetic flux density to the friction coefficient in these rolling element bearings. It has become clear that more studies have been conducted on the effects of the magnetic field and/or electrical current on bearing damages and failures. This aspect is a study with specificity.