bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between sleep characteristics and antihypertensive treatment in older adults
Authors: Hernández‐Aceituno Ana , Guallar‐Castillón Pilar , García‐Esquinas Esther , Rodríguez‐Artalejo Fernando , Banegas José R 
Published: March 2019

AimThe relationship between sleeping characteristics and antihypertensive medication is little known. We examined the association of sleep quality or duration and the use of sleeping pills with the number of antihypertensive drugs used in older adults.MethodsThis was a prospective cohort study of treated hypertensive patients aged ≥60 years participating in a seniors cohort, followed from 2008 to 2010 through 2012 to 2013. Self‐reported sleep duration, sleep quality (usually having difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep) and sleeping pills use were ascertained at baseline, and the change in the number of antihypertensive drugs (active agents) between 2008–2010 and 2012–2013 was calculated. Analyses were carried out with logistic regression, and adjusted for demographics, lifestyle, comorbidity, baseline number of antihypertensive drugs and hypertension control.ResultsAmong the 752 participants at baseline (mean age 69.9 years, 49.2% men), the mean sleep duration was 6.9 h/day, 37% had poor sleep quality, 16.5% usually consumed sleeping pills and the mean number of antihypertensive drugs was 1.8. During the follow‐up period, 156 (20.7%) patients increased the number of antihypertensive drugs. No association was found between sleep duration or quality and the change in antihypertensive drug use. Usual sleeping pills consumption was associated with a higher risk of increasing (vs decreasing/maintaining) the number of antihypertensive drugs (odds ratio 1.85; 95% confidence interval 1.12–3.07, P‐value 0.02).ConclusionsConsumption of sleeping pills was prospectively linked to an increased number of antihypertensive drugs. “Sleeping pill use” might be an indicator of future needs of antihypertensive treatment, and a warning indicator to investigate underlying sleep disorders or unhealthy lifestyles. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 537–540.
Improved sinterability and microwave dielectric properties of [Zn0.5Ti0.5]3+‐doped ZnAl2O4 spinel solid solution
Authors: Lan Xue‐Kai , Li Jie , Zou Zheng‐Yu , Xie Meng‐Qi , Fan Gui‐Fen , Lu Wen‐Zhong , Lei Wen 
Published: March 2019

AbstractLow‐permittivity ZnAl2‐x(Zn0.5Ti0.5)xO4 ceramics were synthesized via conventional solid‐state reaction method. A pure ZnAl2O4 solid‐state solution with an Fd‐3m space group was achieved at x ≤ 0.1. Results showed that partial substitution of [Zn0.5Ti0.5]3+ for Al3+ effectively lowered the sintering temperature of the ZnAl2O4 ceramics and remarkably increased the quality factor (Q × f) values. Optimum microwave dielectric properties (εr = 9.1, Q × f = 115,800 GHz and τf = −78 ppm/°C) were obtained in the sample with x = 0.1 sintered at 1400°C in oxygen atmosphere for 10 h. The temperature used for the sample was approximately 250°C lower than the sintering temperature of conventional ZnAl2O4 ceramics.
5‐Hydroxymethylcytosine profiling from genomic and cell‐free DNA for colorectal cancers patients
Authors: Gao Pingting , Lin Shengli , Cai Mingyan , Zhu Yan , Song Yanqun , Sui Yi , Lin Jing , Liu Jiaxiuyu , Lu Xingyu , Zhong Yunshi , Cui Yuehong , Zhou Pinghong 
Published: March 2019

Abstract5‐Hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) is a DNA modification that is generated by the oxidation of 5‐methylcytosine (5mC) in a reaction catalyzed by the ten‐eleven translocation (TET) family enzymes. It tends to mark gene activation and affects a spectrum of developmental and disease‐related biological processes. In this manuscript, we present a 5hmC selective chemical labelling technology (hmC‐Seal) to capture and sequence 5hmC‐containing DNA fragments with low input. We tested 10 tumour/adjacent colon cancer tissues and 10 tumour/healthy plasma samples. Furthermore, we tested if this methodology could generate the 5hmC differential genes among cancer patients, healthy controls and precancerous adenoma patients from plasma. Robust cancer‐specific epigenetic signatures were identified for colon cancers. The results show that 5hmC is mainly distributed in gene active regions. The results also indicate the potential application of 5hmC change signals in early stage of colon cancer, even show potential in the diagnosis of precancerous adenoma. We demonstrated the robustness of the 5hmC‐Seal method in tissue and cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) as potential biomarkers. Moreover, this study provides the potential value and feasibility of 5hmC‐Seal approach on colorectal cancer (CRC) early detection. We believe this strategy could be an effective liquid biopsy‐based diagnosis and a potential prognosis method for colon cancer using cfDNA.
Protocol for semi‐automatic identification of whiteflies Bemisia tabaci and Trialeurodes vaporariorum on yellow sticky traps
Authors: Moerkens Rob , Brenard Nathalie , Bosmans Lien , Reybroeck Eva , Janssen Dirk , Hemming Jochen , Sluydts Vincent 
Published: March 2019

AbstractYellow sticky traps (YSTs) are commonly used in greenhouse crops to monitor flying pest species. Whiteflies like Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) are typically monitored using YSTs in tomato and sweet pepper crops. By counting the whiteflies on a YST, growers get an idea of the pests density in space and time in the greenhouse and can take pest control measurements accordingly. The downside is that manual counting of whiteflies on a YST is very time‐consuming and thus costly. A protocol to semi‐automate counting and identification of whiteflies on YSTs using image analysis software was developed to speed up the monitoring process. Bemisia tabaci is on average smaller than T. vaporariorum and by discriminating by size based on the amount of pixels in digital images, ratios of both species in a mixed population on YSTs could be estimated accurately. At low densities, the countings of different YSTs should be pooled till a 200 density threshold is reached in order to get accurate ratio estimates of both species. This study provides a protocol to reliably count and identify whiteflies semi‐automatically on standardized pictures. More research is required to develop alternative techniques to make standardized pictures in the field (e.g., with smartphone).
Chipping of veneering ceramic on a lithium disilicate anterior single crown: Description of repair method and a fractographic failure analysis
Authors: Garbelotto Luis G. D. , Fukushima Karen A. , Özcan Mutlu , Cesar Paulo F. , Volpato Claudia A. M. 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveThis article presents a retrospective analysis of an anterior single crown that showed chipping of the veneering ceramic, the clinical stages of intraoral repair made in composite resin, and fractographic analysis of the causes of failure.Clinical considerationsThe ceramic chipping occurred in the incisal and labial surfaces of the crown, 1 year after installation. Clinical examination revealed the presence of occlusal interference, which was probably responsible for chipping. Vinyl‐polysiloxane impression was made from the patient, and epoxy replica was produced. The replica was gold coated and inspected under the optical microscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM) for descriptive fractography. Optical microscopy and SEM images showed that chipping initiated at the incisal edge, where it is possible to note an area of damage accumulation. At the labial surface, multiple arrest lines with their convex sides facing the incisal edge were observed. The fractured area was repaired intraorally with composite resin, and the patient's occlusion was checked and monitored.ConclusionAccording to the fractographic analysis, occlusal interference was related to ceramic chipping in the incisal edge. Intraoral repair technique with composite resin was indicated for this moderate chipping.Clinical significanceRetrieval analysis of chipping ceramic delivers better understanding of the failure origin and could prevent future failures. Intraoral repair is a practical and conservative technique and may be performed in a single clinical session without requiring the removal of prosthesis.
Effects of tillage managements and maize straw returning on soil microbiome using 16S rDNA sequencing
Authors: Xia Xinyao , Zhang Piaopiao , He Linlin , Gao Xingxing , Li Weijun , Zhou Yuanyuan , Li Zongxin , Li Hui , Yang Long 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAgricultural practices could affect bacterial diversity and community structure by altering soil physical and chemical properties. Straw returning and tillage practices are widely used in agriculture, however, the effects of these agricultural practices on microbiomes are still unclear. In the present study, we compared the 18 bacterial communities of soil with different straw returning and tillage treatment combinations. The V3–V4 regions of the 16S ribosomal RNA were amplified and analyzed by high‐throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that the bacterial communities were consistently dominated by Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Chloroflexi. Short‐term straw returning and tillage practices significantly altered the diversity, relative abundance and functions of the soil microbiome. Soil subjected to rotary tillage and straw returning (RTS) combination possessed the highest bacterial diversity and lowest ratio of G+/G‐ bacteria, indicating that RTS could be an efficient integrated management system to improve microbiome in the short term. Double verifications based on relative abundance and network analysis, revealed close relationships of Mycobacterium and Methylibium with RTS, indicating they could serve as biomarkers for RTS. Investigating microbial changes under different agricultural practices will provide valuable foundations for land sustainable utilization and increase crop yields.
The Role of Durables Replacement and Second‐Hand Markets in a Business‐Cycle Model
Authors: OH HYUNSEUNG 
Published: March 2019

AbstractTransactions of used durables are large and cyclical, but their interaction with purchases of new durables has been neglected in business‐cycle studies. I fill this gap by introducing a new business‐cycle model of consumer durables where households resell their goods on the second‐hand market and the production of new durables is affected by the supply of used goods. The model delivers three conclusions: Markups are smaller for goods that are more durable and more frequently replaced; markups are countercyclical for durables, resolving the comovement puzzle of Barsky, House, and Kimball (2007); and procyclical replacement demand amplifies durables spending.
Effect of Bonding Agent on Metal‐Ceramic Bond Strength between Co‐Cr Fabricated with Selective Laser Melting and Dental Feldspathic Porcelain
Authors: Dimitriadis Konstantinos , Papadopoulos Triantafillos , Agathopoulos Simeon 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the effect of bonding agent on the bonding strength between Co‐Cr dental alloy, prepared by selective laser melting (SLM), and feldspathic porcelain.Materials and MethodsThe experiments were conducted according to ISO 9693 and the conventional protocols for the production of metal‐ceramic dental restorations. After Al2O3 air‐particle abrasion, metal substrates of Co‐Cr dental alloy specimens were bonded, using bonding agent (25 specimens), with dental porcelain positioned in layers (opaque, dentin, enamel). Control specimens (25) were also produced without bonding agent. Bonding strength was measured using 3‐point bending tests, and the results were statistically analyzed using the t‐test and Weibull statistics. Elemental (by SEM/EDS) and crystallographic analyses (by XRD) were conducted on the bonding agent, along cross sections of alloy‐porcelain interfaces, and on fracture surfaces.ResultsCohesive fracture occurred (on the porcelain side). The application of the bonding agent decreased the average bonding strength (from 42.27 ± 5.85 to 36.25 ± 3.26 MPa, P = 0.00006), attributed to the nonexisting reaction between the TiO2‐rich bonding agent and the Co‐Cr alloy, but it increased the Weibull modulus (from 7.84 to 12.16), which reflects the reliability of the bond in the tested metal‐ceramic specimens.ConclusionsAlthough the application of bonding agent slightly decreased the bonding strength, all the measured values of the metal‐ceramic specimens produced by the SLM technique, with or without the bonding agent, are markedly higher than the minimum value required by ISO 9693 (25 MPa). Moreover, the use of bonding agent favors the increase of the Weibull modulus.
Comparative plastid genomics of Pinus species: Insights into sequence variations and phylogenetic relationships
Authors: Zeb Umar , Dong Wan‐Lin , Zhang Ting‐Ting , Wang Ruo‐Nan , Shahzad Khurram , Ma Xiong‐Feng , Li Zhong‐Hu 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPinus L. is the largest genus of conifers and provides a classical model for studying species divergence and phylogenetic evolution by gymnosperms. However, our poor understanding of sequence divergence in the whole plastid genomes of Pinus species severely hinders studies of their evolution and phylogeny. Thus, we analyzed the sequences of 97 Pinus plastid genomes, including four newly sequenced genomes and 93 previously published plastomes, to explore the evolution and phylogenetic relationships in the genus Pinus. The complete chloroplast genomes of Pinus species ranged in size from 109 640 bp (P. cembra L.) to 121 976 bp (P. glabra Walter), and these genomes comprised circular DNA molecules in a similar manner to those of most gymnosperms. We identified 9108 repeats where most of the repeats comprised the dispersed type with 3983 (44%), followed by tandem repeats with 2999 (33%), and then palindromic repeats with 2126 (23%). Sixteen divergence hotspot regions were identified in Pinus plastid genomes, which could be useful molecular markers for future population genetics studies. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Pinus species could be divided into two diverged clades comprising the subgenera Strobus (single needle section) and Pinus (double needles section). Molecular dating suggested that the genus Pinus originated approximately 130.38 Mya during the late Cretaceous. The two subgenera subsequently split 85.86 Mya, which was largely consistent with the other molecular results based on partial DNA markers. These findings provide important insights into the sequence variations and phylogenetic evolution of Pinus plastid genomes.
Endocranial shape variation in the squirrel‐related clade and their fossil relatives using 3D geometric morphometrics: contributions of locomotion and phylogeny to brain shape
Authors: Bertrand O. C. , San Martin‐Flores G. , Silcox M. T. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractLandmark‐based 3D geometric morphometrics has rarely been employed to understand the relationship between endocranial shape, phylogeny and ecology. The goal of this study is to examine the endocranial morphology of members of the squirrel‐related clade by using these methods, and to develop a multi‐faceted framework for studying brain evolution applicable to other groups. The squirrel‐related clade is taxonomically and ecologically diverse, and includes tree squirrels, the mountain beaver and dormice. Virtual endocasts for Ischyromyidae, a primitive group of rodents likely to be related to the squirrel‐related clade, were also included. Thirty landmarks were taken on virtual endocasts derived from 32 extant and extinct species. The results show that endocranial shape and size are significantly correlated in that smaller endocasts are relatively wider laterally than larger endocasts. The principal components analysis (PCA) reveals that endocranial shape is clearly distinct for Sciuridae, Aplodontidae, Gliridae and Ischyromyidae. Endocranial shape variation is associated with changes in the development of the neocortex, cerebellum (including the paraflocculi) and olfactory bulbs. The Kmult test shows that endocranial shape reflects phylogenetic relationships among the four families and within Sciuridae. In the PCA analysis, flying squirrels show the most distinct endocranial morphology among squirrels, overlapping the least with other tribes and subfamilies. This result suggests that gliding may have imposed specific constraints on cranial shape. The endocasts of fossil and modern fossorial Aplodontidae have a shape similar to those of Ischyromyidae. This similarity could be the result of homoplasy related to fossorial specialization in later occurring Aplodontidae. The fossil Sciurini Protosciurus is outside the range of variation for modern squirrels, suggesting that the emergence of the modern squirrel endocranial bauplan may have not been established until after the early Miocene. From the data gathered, phylogeny and locomotion both impacted endocranial shape in our rodent sample.
Parallel signatures of selection at genomic islands of divergence and the major histocompatibility complex in ecotypes of sockeye salmon across Alaska
Authors: Larson Wesley A. , Dann Tyler H. , Limborg Morten T. , McKinney Garrett J. , Seeb James E. , Seeb Lisa W. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractUnderstanding the genetic mechanisms that facilitate adaptive radiation is an important component of evolutionary biology. Here, we genotyped 82 neutral SNPs, seven SNPs in islands of divergence identified in a previous study (island SNPs), and a region of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in 32 populations of sockeye salmon to investigate whether conserved genes and genomic regions are involved in adaptive radiation. Populations representing three ecotypes were sampled from seven drainages with differing habitats and colonization histories spanning a range of 2,000 km. We found strong signatures of parallel selection across drainages at the island SNPs and MHC, suggesting that the same loci undergo divergent selection during adaptive radiation. However, patterns of differentiation at most island SNPs and the MHC were not associated with ecotypes, suggesting that these loci are responding differently to a mosaic of selective pressures. Our study provides some of the first evidence that conserved genomic islands may be involved in adaptive divergence of salmon populations. Additionally, our data provide further support for the hypothesis that sockeye salmon inhabiting rivers unconnected to lakes harbour similar genetic diversity across large distances, are likely the ancestral form of the species, and have repeatedly recolonized lake systems as they have become available after glacial recession. Finally, our results highlight the value and importance of validating outlier loci by screening additional populations and regions, a practice that will hopefully become more common in the future.
Population assignment reveals low migratory connectivity in a weakly structured songbird
Authors: DeSaix Matthew G. , Bulluck Lesley P. , Eckert Andrew J. , Viverette Catherine B. , Boves Than J. , Reese Jessica A. , Tonra Christopher M. , Dyer Rodney J. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractUnderstanding migratory connectivity is essential for determining the drivers behind population dynamics and for implementing effective conservation strategies for migratory species. Genetic markers provide a means to describe migratory connectivity; however, they can be uninformative for species with weak population genetic structure, which has limited their application. Here, we demonstrated a genomic approach to describing migratory connectivity in the prothonotary warbler, Protonotaria citrea, a Neotropical songbird of conservation concern. Using 26,189 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), we revealed regional genetic structure between the Mississippi River Valley and the Atlantic Seaboard with overall weak genetic differentiation among populations (FST = 0.0055; 95% CI: 0.0051–0.0059). Genetic variation had a stronger association with geographic rather than environmental factors, with each explaining 14.5% and 8.2% of genetic variation, respectively. By varying the numbers of genomic markers used in population assignment models with individuals of known provenance, we identified a maximum assignment accuracy (89.7% to site, 94.3% to region) using a subset of 600 highly differentiated SNPs. We then assigned samples from nonbreeding sites to breeding region and found low migratory connectivity. Our results highlight the importance of filtering markers for informative loci in models of population assignment. Quantifying migratory connectivity for weakly structured species will be useful for expanding studies to a wider range of migratory species across taxonomic groups and may contribute to a deeper understanding of the evolution of migratory strategies.
Abscisic acid is a substrate of the ABC transporter encoded by the durable wheat disease resistance gene Lr34
Authors: Krattinger Simon G. , Kang Joohyun , Bräunlich Stephanie , Boni Rainer , Chauhan Harsh , Selter Liselotte L. , Robinson Mark D. , Schmid Marc W. , Wiederhold Elena , Hensel Goetz , Kumlehn Jochen , Sucher Justine , Martinoia Enrico , Keller Beat 
Published: March 2019

Summary

The wheat Lr34res allele, coding for an ATP‐binding cassette transporter, confers durable resistance against multiple fungal pathogens. The Lr34sus allele, differing from Lr34res by two critical nucleotide polymorphisms, is found in susceptible wheat cultivars. Lr34res is functionally transferrable as a transgene into all major cereals, including rice, barley, maize, and sorghum.

Here, we used transcriptomics, physiology, genetics, and in vitro and in vivo transport assays to study the molecular function of Lr34.

We report that Lr34res results in a constitutive induction of transcripts reminiscent of an abscisic acid (ABA)‐regulated response in transgenic rice. Lr34‐expressing rice was altered in biological processes that are controlled by this phytohormone, including dehydration tolerance, transpiration and seedling growth. In planta seedling and in vitro yeast accumulation assays revealed that both LR34res and LR34sus act as ABA transporters. However, whereas the LR34res protein was detected in planta the LR34sus version was not, suggesting a post‐transcriptional regulatory mechanism.

Our results identify ABA as a substrate of the LR34 ABC transporter. We conclude that LR34res‐mediated ABA redistribution has a major effect on the transcriptional response and physiology of Lr34res‐expressing plants and that ABA is a candidate molecule that contributes to Lr34res‐mediated disease resistance.