bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving Supplier Compliance Through Joint and Shared Audits with Collective Penalty
Authors: Caro Felipe , Chintapalli Prashant , Rajaram Kumar , Tang Chris S. 
Published: April 2018

When suppliers (i.e., contract manufacturers) fail to comply with health and safety regulations, buyers (retailers) are compelled to improve supplier compliance by conducting audits and imposing penalties. As a benchmark, we first consider the independent audit-penalty mechanism in which the buyers conduct their respective audits and impose penalties independently. We then examine the implications of two new audit-penalty mechanisms that entail a collective penalty. The first is the joint mechanism under which buyers conduct audits jointly, share the total audit cost incurred, and impose a collective penalty if the supplier fails their joint audit. The second is the shared mechanism in which each buyer conducts audits independently, shares its audit reports with the other buyers, and imposes a collective penalty if the supplier fails any one of the audits. Using a simultaneous-move game-theoretic model with two buyers and one supplier, our analysis reveals that both the joint and the shared mechanisms are beneficial in several ways. First, when the wholesale price is exogenously given, we establish the following analytical results for the joint mechanism in comparison with the independent mechanism: (a) the supplier’s compliance level is higher; (b) the supplier’s profit is lower while the buyers’ profits are higher; and (c) when the buyers’ damage cost is high, the joint audit mechanism creates supply chain value so the buyers can offer an appropriate transfer payment to make the supplier better off. Second, for the shared audit mechanism, we establish similar results but under more restrictive conditions. Finally, when the wholesale price is endogenously determined by the buyers, our numerical analysis shows that the key results continue to hold. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2017.0653 .
Automated Teller Machine Replenishment Policies with Submodular Costs
Authors: Zhang Yu , Kulkarni Vidyadhar 
Published: April 2018

We develop an automated teller machine (ATM) replenishment policy for a bank that operates multiple ATMs. The aim is to minimize the cost of replenishments and stockouts, taking into account the economies of scale involved in replenishing multiple ATMs simultaneously. When the replenishment is outsourced to an outside vendor, the replenishment cost is typically additive. However, when it is done by in-house operations, the replenishment cost is a submodular function of the set of ATMs being replenished. The additive replenishment cost function yields a tractable and separable inventory management problem. However, the submodular cost function creates a much harder problem. We construct a Markov decision process model and study the structure of the optimal strategy that minimizes the long-run average cost. Since the optimal policy is analytically and computationally intractable for the case of a large number of ATMs, we study a heuristic policy (called the index policy) in the case of submodular replenishment costs. We find that the index policy performs close to the optimal policy (when it can be computed) and performs much better than the benchmark (namely, an (s, M) policy) in general. We demonstrate similar findings in a real-world data set with 139 ATMs and 20 months of historical demand data. Finally, we recommend that the bank managers use the index policy to design a replenishment schedule. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2017.0656 .
Assortment Optimization and Pricing Under a Nonparametric Tree Choice Model
Authors: Paul Alice , Feldman Jacob , Davis James Mario 
Published: April 2018

We consider assortment and pricing problems when customers purchase products according to a nonparametric choice model. Each customer arrives with a preference list and will purchase the highest-ranking offered product in her preference list. We assume the set of customer classes is derived from paths in a tree, in which the order of nodes visited along each path gives the corresponding preference list. First, we study assortment problems, in which the goal is to find which products to offer to maximize expected revenue. We give a dynamic programming solution, which can be extended to versions of the assortment problem in which there are fixed costs for offering a product, shelf constraints, or substitution costs. Second, we study the joint assortment and pricing problem, in which the goal is to simultaneously select the set of offered products as well as their prices. We solve the pricing problem optimally when customers have some universal ranking of the products, and hence the tree takes the form of a single path. We also solve the problem optimally on the general tree when the prices are restricted to be quality consistent; higher-quality products must be priced above lower-quality products. Finally, we present computational experiments on both synthetic data and real hotel purchase data. Our estimation procedure shows both how to build the tree of products and how to estimate the underlying arrival probabilities of each customer type from historical sales data. These experiments show that the tree choice model captures customer purchasing behavior more accurately than the multinomial logit choice model in the majority of test cases. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2017.0662 .
Reliability and validity of the five-repetition sit-to-stand test in adult kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Huang Katherin S , O'Connor Ellen , Tuffnell Rachel , Lindup Herolin , Macdougall Iain C , Greenwood Sharlene A 
Published: April 2018

Background/Aims: To investigate the reliability and validity of the five-repetition sit-to-stand test (FRSTST) to assess lower-limb muscle strength and physical function in adult kidney transplant recipients. Methods: A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted in a secondary care centre. A convenience sample of 56 adult kidney transplant recipients were recruited following a 6-week post-transplantation recovery period. The participants were within their first 18 months of kidney transplantation. The measurements included FRSTST times, myometer measurements of isometric quadriceps muscle strength, 60-second sit-to-stand test (STS60) scores, and Duke Activity Status Index (DASI) scores. Findings: Inter- and intratester reliability of the FRSTST were excellent (intraclass correlation coefficients 0.997 and 0.970, respectively). The standard error of measurement and the minimal detectable change at 95% confidence level were 0.9 and 2.5 seconds, respectively. The best FRSTST scores by the two testers had non-significant, weak correlations with the isometric quadriceps muscle force (Spearman's rho, rs=-0.04, p=0.76), and quadriceps muscle torque (rs=0.04, p=0.76). The FRSTST correlated significantly with the STS60 (rs=-0.90, p=0.001) and DASI scores (rs=-0.49, p=0.001). Conclusions: The FRSTST can be considered to be a reliable test of physical function for adult kidney transplant recipients, but may not be used as a surrogate measure of lower limb muscle strength in this population.
Searching for stillness in the flux of the electric world: Vorticular media theory from Wyndham Lewis to Marshall McLuhan
Authors: Sutherland Thomas 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Exploring the philosophical influence exercised by the works of Wyndham Lewis over Marshall McLuhan, this article contends that these two figures both sought to capture a momentary stillness through the figure of the vortex, first established in Lewis’s early contributions to the Vorticist art movement, a stillness that necessarily endures within the tumult of a world of electric media. What Lewis hoped to achieve through painting, McLuhan sought likewise in the study of media, foregrounding the need to identify what remains fixed within the seemingly ever-accelerating tempo of modern life, viewing this task as crucial for resisting the determinative powers of media technologies.
How Aristotle Changes Anaxagoras’s Mind
Authors: Carter Jason W. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
I argue that a common interpretation of DA 3.4, which sees Aristotle as there rejecting Anaxagoras’s account of mind, is mistaken. Instead, I claim that, in providing his solution to the main puzzles of this chapter, Aristotle takes special care to preserve the essential features that he thinks Anaxagoras ascribes to mind, namely, its ability to know all things, its being unmixed, and its inability to be affected by mixed objects.
Microaggressions as speech acts: Using pragmatics to define and develop a research agenda for microaggressions
Authors: di Gennaro Kristen , Brewer Meaghan 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
In an effort to explain why we found certain exchanges among colleagues troubling, the current study draws on Sue’s (2010a) microaggressions framework to reveal hidden hierarchies within an academic speech community. We complement Sue’s theoretical framework with empirical, pragmatic approaches to analyzing every-day, unrecorded interactions to both strengthen and refine the microaggressions construct and research agenda. Based on our analyses, which highlight the hierarchical relationships between participants, we propose revising the microaggressions construct to attribute their existence to revelations of (overt and covert) hierarchies, and not marginalization. Where Sue attributes microaggressions to an individual’s or group’s marginalization, our analyses suggest, in fact, that marginalization is the result (rather than the cause) of microaggressions. The analysis and discussion focus on hierarchical relationships common to many university English departments, but parallels can be drawn with other fields, such as language and linguistics programs within larger departments, and thus are relevant beyond a single discipline. We also propose restricting the microaggressions construct to unintentional slights and snubs (rather than both intentional and unintentional as in Sue’s framework), since part of what makes microaggressions so troubling is their unexpected appearance in conversations and friendly discussions among colleagues.
Escaping National Tags and Embracing Diversity: Third Culture Kid Songwriters
Authors: Sanfilippo-Schulz Jessica 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Nowadays, more and more writers cannot be classified according to one single nation. Whereas in Imagined Communities Anderson describes the development of nations and national belongings, in Third Culture Kid (TCK) discourse a central theme is the concept of not belonging to one specific nation or culture (“NatioNILism”). TCKs are individuals who were raised moving from one country to the next due to their parents’ career choices. Not having had a fixed home while growing up, rather than accepting classifications according to nations and cultures, many TCKs prefer to embrace diversity. Antje Rauwerda argues that the fiction of adult TCKs comprises typical features that reflect the consequences of a displaced international childhood and accordingly coins the new literary classification Third Culture Literature. Whereas Rauwerda exclusively analyses novels written by TCKs, this article examines whether the effects of hypermobile international childhoods can be detected in the works of TCK songwriters. By analysing not only the song lyrics of contemporary musicians such as Haikaa, Sinkane and Tanita Tikaram but also the artists’ views regarding issues such as belonging, identity and transience, it will be shown that in the scholarly realm the TCK lens can be expanded to song texts too.
Ergodic and fixed point theorems for sequences and nonlinear mappings in a Hilbert space
Authors: Rouhani Behzad Djafari 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
In this paper, we introduce the notion of 2-generalized hybrid sequences, extending the notion of nonexpansive and hybrid sequences introduced and studied in our previous work [Djafari Rouhani B., Ergodic theorems for nonexpansive sequences in Hilbert spaces and related problems, Ph.D. thesis, YaleUniversity, 1981; and other published in J. Math. Anal. Appl., 1990, 2002, and 2014; Nonlinear Anal., 1997, 2002, and 2004], and prove ergodic and convergence theorems for such sequences in a Hilbert space H. Subsequently, we apply our results to prove new fixed point theorems for 2-generalized hybrid mappings, first introduced in [Maruyama T., Takahashi W., Yao M., Fixed point and mean ergodic theorems for new nonlinear mappings in Hilbert spaces, J. Nonlinear Convex Anal., 2011, 12, 185-197] and further studied in [Lin L.-J., Takahashi W., Attractive point theorems and ergodic theorems for nonlinear mappings in Hilbert spaces, Taiwanese J. Math., 2012, 16, 1763-1779], defined on arbitrary nonempty subsets of H.
Helianthus porteri, a Granite Outcrop Endemic, Does Not Have More Drought Resistant Traits Than Congeners
Authors: Bartelme Elise , Bowsher Alan , Donovan Lisa A. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractHelianthus porteri, a sunflower endemic to drought prone granite outcrops, has been hypothesized to be drought resistant. We compared H. porteri to three Helianthus species (H. annuus, H. agrestis, H. carnosus) from less drought prone habitats for traits associated with drought avoidance and tolerance in greenhouse experiments. Under well-watered conditions, H. porteri had high specific root length suggestive of high capacity for water uptake, but intermediate root mass ratio (RMR) and shallow rooting inconsistent with enhanced capacity for drought avoidance. In response to mild drought, none of the species exhibited osmotic adjustment, and H. porteri had no change in RMR and no greater capacity to increase water-use efficiency, again, inconsistent with greater drought avoidance. In response to cessation of watering, H. porteri wilted at a leaf water potential similar to a wet habitat species, inconsistent with greater drought tolerance. Overall, under the conditions assessed, we found no evidence that H. porteri possesses traits that confer a unique ability to avoid or tolerate drought as compared to congeners.
Ironic implicature strength and the test of explicit cancellability
Authors: Kapogianni Eleni 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
In this paper, the Gricean notion of explicit cancellability
Grice’s original spelling is “cancelability”. is used as a testable characteristic, able to indicate different degrees of strength for different types of (ironic) implicatures. According to the definition adopted for this analysis, implicature strength is determined by the likelihood of retrieval of an implicature in a specific context and, essentially, by the degree of certainty that the hearer maintains about the correctness of the inferred interpretation. Ironic implicature strength is considered the product of various factors (“factors of implicature strength”), some of which are always present (such as the type and strength of assumptions on which a derivation is based), while others are optional and appear in tandem with specific irony strategies. Irony strategies are categorized into two general types (meaning reversal and meaning replacement), which are expected to show different degrees of implicature strength, being influenced by different factors. For the experimental testing of the hypotheses, subjects were presented with the task of judging the acceptability of the explicit cancellation of various implicated (ironic, as well as non-ironic) meanings. Findings show significant differences between irony types in terms of cancellability (measured as acceptability of cancellation – AC), under the influence of (i) type of syllogism and associated assumptions, (ii) co-textual cues, and (iii) humorous framing.
Greetings as social action in Finland Swedish and Sweden Swedish service encounters – a pluricentric perspective
Authors: Nilsson Jenny , Norrthon Stefan , Lindström Jan , Wide Camilla 
Published: April 2018

AbstractWhile greetings are performed in all cultures and open most conversations, previous studies suggest that there are cross-cultural differences between different languages in greeting behavior. But do speakers of different national varieties of the same language organize and perform their greeting behavior in similar ways? In this study, we investigate the sequential organization of greetings in relation to gaze behavior in the two national varieties of Swedish: Sweden Swedish spoken in Sweden and Finland Swedish spoken in Finland. In recent years, the importance of studying pluricentric languages from a pragmatic perspective has been foregrounded, not least within the framework of variational pragmatics. To date, most studies have focused on structural differences between national varieties of pluricentric languages. With this study, we extend the scope of variational pragmatics through adding an interactional, micro perspective to the broader macro analysis typical of this field. For this study, we have analyzed patterns for greetings in 297 video-recorded service encounters, where staff and customers interact at theatre box offices and event booking venues in Sweden and Finland. The study shows that there are similarities and differences in greeting behavior between varieties. There is a strong preference for exchanging reciprocal verbal greetings, one at a time, in both. There is also a similar organization of the greeting sequence, where customer and staff establish mutual gaze prior to the verbal greetings, thus signaling availability for interaction. The duration of mutual gaze and the timing of the greeting, however, differ between the two varieties. We have also conducted a multi modal analysis of gaze behavior in correlation to the greeting. We found that the customers and staff in the Finland Swedish data share mutual gaze before and during the verbal greeting, and often avert gazeafterthe verbal greetings. However, in the Sweden Swedish data, the participants often avert gazebeforethe verbal greetings. Our results thus indicate that both similarities and differences in pragmatic routines and bodily behavior exist between the two national varieties of Swedish. The present study on greeting practices in Finland Swedish and Sweden Swedish should contribute to the field of variational pragmatics and to the development of pluricentric theory.
Statistical evaluation of grain boundaries of varistors with modified bismuth oxide
Authors: Warycha J. , Mielcarek W. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractOxide varistors are made of inhomogeneous material whose properties are determined by active grain boundaries. It is essential that in the microstructure of a varistor only active grain boundaries are present as only such boundaries are involved in the process of conduction. Commercial varistors are characterized by a microstructure with a large amount of electrically inactive areas which include zinc-antimony spinel, bismuth oxide, and pores. Studies on elimination of inactive grain boundaries, which are the intergranular areas rich in reaction products of varistor components and pores, lead to an improvement in the microstructure, thereby improving the electrical properties of the varistor. The results were evaluated using statistical methods, defining the percentage of active grain boundaries in the varistor. Statistical analysis showed that the best results were obtained for a bismuth oxide varistor doped with antimony oxide, containing nearly 100 % conductive grain boundaries in its body.
Global Questions About Rent and the Longue Durée of Urban Power, 1848 to the Present
Authors: Guldi Jo 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
This article examines the forces, public and private, that have exerted political power over the longue durée of the modern city since 1848. The article identifies three major turning points that contextualize the modern moment: the rise of democratic movements of 1848 and their gradual targeting of city governments; the rise of an expert-managed, urban reform state beginning in 1870; and the birth of neoliberal state, from 1974 to the present. The article positions the knowledge of urban history within the rise of democratic, participatory movements concerned with opening, replicating, and publicly analyzing governmental data.
Studies on the drying kinetics and rehydration capacities of cardaba banana compared to plantain slices
Authors: Taiwo K. A. , Babalola R. T. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The utilization of Cardaba banana as food or functional food requires knowledge about its preservation (drying), and physical and functional characteristics of the crop. The study is aimed at determining the drying kinetics of Cardaba slices as well as to determine the physio-chemical and rehydration properties. Unripe Cardaba banana and plantain bunches were produced into flour separately. The drying kinetics of the slices (sun, 50°C and 70°C) with and without blanching were monitored. The rehydration capacities of the slices at room temperature, 45°C, 75°C and 95°C were determined. The functional and proximate properties of the flour samples were determined. Results showed that the higher the drying temperature, the faster the drying and the shorter the drying time. Furthermore, the greater the rehydration capacity and the greater the shrinkage of the Cardaba banana and plantain slices. Cardaba banana flour samples were higher in bulk density (0.52 to 0.65 g/ ml), oil absorption capacity (76.47 to 98.83%), swelling power (4.42 to 6.36 g/g) and protein content (4.73 to 9.92%) than plantain flour samples in bulk density (0.56 g/ml to 0.73 g/ml), oil absorption capacity (66.20 to 90.67%), swelling power (4.15 to 5.65 g/g) and protein content (3.66 to 8.43%). The result obtained in this study proved that Cardaba banana compares favorably with plantain and can be used as a substituted for plantain.
“When I feel the worst pain, I look like shit” – body image concerns in persistent pain
Authors: Sündermann Oliver , Rydberg Karin , Linder Ludwig , Linton Steven James 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Background and aims
Persistent pain is a pervasive condition that is often associated with a distorted body image. Most research into pain and body image investigated neural or physiological correlates (e.g. phantom limb pain), and much less is known about the psychological experience of body image changes in response to pain such as appearance concerns. The aim was to examine body image concerns in people with persistent pain, in particular appearance concerns and related coping behaviours and appearance-related emotions such as anger and shame.

Methods
Design was cross-sectional and data was collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews with people suffering from persistent musculoskeletal pain (n=7; six females; age=19–56), and analysed with inductive thematic analysis (TA).

Results
Two main themes were identified: “Relationship to the painful body” and “Dissatisfaction with the body”, each containing three subthemes, along with the side-theme “Appearance concerns affected by pain and mood”. All participants reported appearance concerns, predominantly about their weight and related coping behaviours such as avoidance of mirrors, exercising or dieting and pain-induced mood changes that were associated with a negative body image.

Conclusions
People with persistent pain report appearance concerns, often related to pain-induced negative mood changes, and reduced functioning. It remains unclear to what extent attitudes towards the body change over time in accordance with pain. A wider concept of body image is required, including the perception of reduced functioning, related appraisals (e.g. “I look weak and old”) and appearance investment.