bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physico-chemical, textural, microbiological and sensory properties together with fatty acid profiles of presumptive probiotic yoghurts fortified with persimmon (Diospyros kaki) powder
Authors: Kanca Nazlı , Onaran Acar Bahar , Albayrak Delialioğlu Rabia 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This research paper focuses on enrichment of yoghurt containing probiotic Lactobacillus casei with persimmon (Diospyros kaki) powder in concentrations of 0 (Control) and then 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0% (A–D respectively) and determination of some characteristics of the product during refrigerated storage for 21 d. Powder addition affected the color characteristics, textural properties, titratable acidity and water-holding capacity values. The viability of both yoghurt bacteria (Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus) and L. casei increased proportionally to adding persimmon powder for all storage days. Furthermore, addition of fruit powder increased short-chain fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid contents. According to sensory analysis results, sample D had the lowest scores from the panelists, whereas the Control together with samples B and C were the most liked yoghurts in terms of flavor characteristics. In terms of overall acceptability, all of the samples received scores over three points on a five-point scale throughout storage. This study indicates that persimmon powder enriched yoghurt is a good vehicle for L. casei and yoghurt bacteria with improved fatty acid profile and acceptable sensory characteristics.
Type synthesis, analysis, and prototyping of 4R1H mechanisms
Authors: Fomin Alexey , Antonov Anton , Glazunov Victor 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The article introduces a novel class of 4R1H mechanisms, where 4R indicates four revolute joints and 1H indicates one helical joint. The paper starts with the type synthesis of these mechanisms, which involves combining two kinematic chains with planar and cylindrical motion types into a single closed-loop kinematic chain. If we fix any link in such a chain, we get a workable mechanism. The synthesis procedure considers two options for the relative arrangement of these two kinematic chains. Adding an H joint to the kinematic chain allows us to design mechanisms whose output link performs spatial motion. Using the proposed synthesis procedure, we develop a family of 4R1H mechanisms. Next, we choose one mechanism as a representative example and consider its mobility, singularity, kinematic, and dynamic analysis. Using screw theory, we confirm the mechanism has one degree of freedom and determine its singular configurations. Kinematic analysis provides closed-form expressions to calculate displacements, velocities, and accelerations of all the mechanism links. Dynamic analysis uses these results to compute the motor torque required for one motion cycle. To verify the suggested analytical algorithms and obtained results, we use computer-aided design tools, which allow us to develop virtual and physical prototypes.
Estimated reduction in human salmonellosis incidence in Canada from a new government requirement to reduce Salmonella in frozen breaded chicken products
Authors: Kanoatova Suman , Hurst Matt , Dougherty Brendan , Dumoulin Danielle , Silver Hailey M. , O’Neill Lisa , Nesbitt Andrea 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica infections are a leading cause of enteric disease in Canada, most commonly associated with foodborne exposures. Raw frozen breaded chicken products (FBCP) have been implicated in 16 Salmonella outbreaks between 2017 and 2019. This study quantified the impact of the 1 April 2019 requirement by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) for manufacturers to reduce Salmonella in raw FBCP. An intervention study approach utilizing the pre–post intervention data with a comparison group methodology was used to: (1) estimate the reduction in FBCP Salmonella prevalence using retail meat FoodNet Canada data; (2) estimate the reduction in the human salmonellosis incidence rate using data from the Canadian National Enteric Surveillance Program; and (3) estimate the proportion of reported cases attributed to FBCP if the human exposure to Salmonella through FBCP was completely eliminated. The FBCP Salmonella prevalence decreased from 28% observed before 1 April 2019 to 2.9% after the requirement implementation. The CFIA requirement was estimated to reduce the human salmonellosis incidence rate by 23%. An estimated 26% of cases during the pre-intervention period can be attributed to FBCP. The CFIA requirement was successful at significantly reducing Salmonella prevalence in retail FBCP, and at reducing salmonellosis burden.
Pflege von LGBTQ+-Personen
Authors: Traister Tyler 
Published: December 2024

Das aktuelle Fachbuch zur Pflege von LGBTQ+-Personen konzentriert sich auf die gesundheitlichen Bedürfnisse von LGBTQ+-Personen und erörtert, wie eine diversitätssensible, respektvolle und unvoreingenommene pflegerische Versorgung gelingen kann.Das Praxisbuch zur diversitätssensiblen Pflege von LGBTQ+-Personen	klärt Grundbegriffe zu LGBTQ+, erläutert die Bedeutung von Konzepten der sexuellen Orientierung und Geschlechteridentität für Praxis und Dokumentation und vermittelt kommunikative und kulturelle Kompetenzen	beschreibt auf LGBTQ+-Gesundheit bezogene Themen wie gesundheitliche Ungleichheit, Stigma und Diskriminierung, Substanzeinnahme und -missbrauch sowie Gesundheitsverhalten von LGBTQ+-Personen	beschreibt Aspekte der Pflege von LGBTQ+-Personen in den Bereichen Medizin, Chirurgie und psychosozialer Gesundheit bezüglich Kommunikation, Vorurteilsfreiheit, Anamnese und körperlicher Untersuchung sowie Gesundheit von transgender Personen und Hormontherapie	erläutert Besonderheiten der Pflege von LGBTQ+-Personen im Kindes- und Jugendalter sowie von Erwachsenen und älteren Menschen mit Praxisbeispielen	skizziert einen historischen Abriss und erläutert Hintergründe der LGBTQ+-Bewegung einschließlich der Verfolgung von LGBTQ-Personen im Nationalsozialismus und der Entwicklung des Paragraphen 175 in Deutschland	beleuchtet die Gesundheit von LGBTQ+-Personen in der Schweiz	bietet zusätzliche Ressourcen hinsichtlich Interessenvertretungen und Beratungsstellen, gibt Hinweise auf Richtlinien und Rechtsfragen, bietet Erläuterungen zu inklusiven Lebensumgebungen sowie der Integration von LGBTQ-Inhalten in Aus-, Weiterbildung und Studium.
Improved Computerized Ionospheric Tomography Based on GPS and PALSAR Data
Authors: Zhao Hai‐Sheng , Wang Li‐Ming , Xu Zheng‐Wen , Feng Jie , Zhang Yuan‐Yuan , Li Hai‐Ying , Wang Yong , Wang Cheng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDue to factors such as the uneven distribution of ground receiving stations and the lack of effective observation rays, Global Positioning System (GPS)‐based computerized ionospheric tomography (CIT) is typically of low quality and requires additional data sources. Recently, Faraday rotation angle (FRA) retrieval using the Phased Array L‐band Synthetic Aperture Radar (PALSAR) full‐pol data have emerged as a reliable technique for ionospheric detection. Similar to the total electron content (TEC), the FRA is the integral effect of the electron density and geomagnetic field, with the geomagnetic field being accurately estimated by the International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) model. Therefore, this paper proposes a 3‐D secondary CIT algorithm by integrating PALSAR and GPS data: first, the product of the electron density values obtained from GPS‐based CIT and the magnitude of geomagnetic field in corresponding voxel obtained from IGRF is used as the initial value. Then, the iterative algorithm is improved by using the FRA obtained from PALSAR data, rather than TEC, as the input for the second iteration, avoiding the approximation error caused by converting FRA into TEC. The geomagnetic field information is then separated by using the IGRF model, and the reconstructed spatial distribution is finally obtained. Experimental verification shows that the FRA can compensate for the lack of GPS observation rays to a certain extent and improve the accuracy of the reconstructed electron density. The results also indicate that the PALSAR can provide an effective and feasible data source for CIT.
The Significant Enhanced Quiet‐Time Equatorial Ionization Anomaly by the Intense Solar Flare on 06 September 2017
Authors: Zhang Kedeng , Wang Hui , Liu Jing , Song Huimin , Liu Xuanqing 
Published: December 2024

AbstractOn 06 September 2017, two X‐class intense solar flare cases (X2.2 and X9.3) are observed. The X2.2/X9.3 case starts at 0857/1153 UT and peaks at 0910/1202 UT. The latter one is the most powerful event in recent decades and the more “geoeffective.” Using the total electron content (TEC) from the Global Navigation Satellite System, the Thermosphere‐Ionosphere Electrodynamic General Circulation Model, the enhanced equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) during the intense “geoeffective” X9.3 solar flare are investigated in this work. The observed and modeled TEC indicate that the daytime plasma is obviously enhanced by the solar flares. The model results show that the significant enhancement in EIA due to solar flare has a maximum density of 6.63 × 1011 m−3 at pre‐noon sector. It has a maximum increase in the percentage of 26.59%. Four areas of enhanced and two areas of reduced electron density are found, forming a butterfly‐like structure. Based on the term analysis of ion continuity equation, the rate of chemical production during daytime is considerably strengthened, with an average magnitude of 7.37 cm−3s−1. The roles of ambipolar diffusion are positive at almost all local time (LT) of EIA, except for the post‐dusk sector. The daytime eastward electric field is weakened by an average intensity of 0.12 mV/m, preventing the formation of enhanced EIA. The effects of the disturbed horizontal winds (major: meridional winds) have an obvious hemispheric asymmetry.
Simulation of the Steady Mixing State of Black Carbon With a Two‐Dimensional Sectional Model
Authors: Lin Qihao , Wang Jiandong , Li Chenxi , Huang Xin , Wang Jiaping , Nie Wei , Liu Yuliang , Wang Jinbo , Tian Zeyuan , Liu Chao , Ding Aijun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBlack carbon (BC) strongly absorbs solar radiation and has a warming effect on the earth‐atmosphere system. BC experiences continuous aging, making its optical properties a great uncertainty due to the complex mixing state. To address this issue, we developed a sectional model which is capable of tracking both the aerosol size and the BC core size. This model was applied to simulate BC aging process. The atmospheric observational data from a slightly polluted case was employed to drive the model. It is shown that BC's characteristics tend to reach a steady state within 12 hr. Our analysis reveals that, in the steady state, the size distribution of BC‐containing particles demonstrates a notable characteristic: the particle size distribution decreases exponentially as the particle size increases. This exponential relationship provides a simplified yet accurate representation of the complex BC mixing state. This steady‐state size distribution of BC‐containing particles is validated across diverse atmospheric conditions.
Evolution of the ocular immune system
Authors: Forrester John V. , McMenamin Paul G. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The evolution of the ocular immune system should be viewed within the context of the evolution of the immune system, and indeed organisms, as a whole. Since the earliest time, the most primitive responses of single cell organisms involved molecules such as anti-microbial peptides and behaviours such as phagocytosis. Innate immunity took shape ~2.5 billion years ago while adaptive immunity and antigen specificity appeared with vertebrate evolution ~ 500 million years ago. The invention of the microscope and the germ theory of disease precipitated debate on cellular versus humoral immunity, resolved by the discovery of B and T cells. Most recently, our understanding of the microbiome and consideration of the host existing symbiotically with trillions of microbial genes (the holobiont), suggests that the immune system is a sensor of homoeostasis rather than simply a responder to pathogens. Each tissue type in multicellular organisms, such as vertebrates, has a customised response to immune challenge, with powerful reactions most evident in barrier tissues such as the skin and gut mucosa, while the eye and brain occupy the opposite extreme where responses are attenuated. The experimental background which historically led to the concept of immune privilege is discussed in this review; however, we propose that the ocular immune response should not be viewed as unique but simply an example of how the tissues variably respond in nature, more or less to the same challenge (or danger).
Cavity-mediated iSWAP oscillations between distant spins
Authors: Dijkema Jurgen , Xue Xiao , Harvey-Collard Patrick , Rimbach-Russ Maximilian , de Snoo Sander L. , Zheng Guoji , Sammak Amir , Scappucci Giordano , Vandersypen Lieven M. K. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Direct interactions between quantum particles naturally fall off with distance. However, future quantum computing architectures are likely to require interaction mechanisms between qubits across a range of length scales. In this work, we demonstrate a coherent interaction between two semiconductor spin qubits 250 μm apart using a superconducting resonator. This separation is several orders of magnitude larger than for the commonly used direct interaction mechanisms in this platform. We operate the system in a regime in which the resonator mediates a spin–spin coupling through virtual photons. We report the anti-phase oscillations of the populations of the two spins with controllable frequency. The observations are consistent with iSWAP oscillations of the spin qubits, and suggest that entangling operations are possible in 10 ns. These results hold promise for scalable networks of spin qubit modules on a chip.
SNARE mimicry by the CD225 domain of IFITM3 enables regulation of homotypic late endosome fusion
Authors: Rahman Kazi , Wilt Isaiah , Jolley Abigail A , Chowdhury Bhabadeb , Datta Siddhartha A K , Compton Alex A 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The CD225/Dispanin superfamily contains membrane proteins that regulate vesicular transport and membrane fusion events required for neurotransmission, glucose transport, and antiviral immunity. However, how the CD225 domain controls membrane trafficking has remained unknown. Here we show that the CD225 domain contains a SNARE-like motif that enables interaction with cellular SNARE fusogens. Proline-rich transmembrane protein 2 (PRRT2) encodes a SNARE-like motif that enables interaction with neuronal SNARE proteins; mutations in this region disrupt SNARE binding and are linked to neurological disease. Another CD225 member, interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3), protects cells against influenza A virus infection. IFITM3 interacts with SNARE proteins that mediate late endosome-late endosome (homotypic) fusion and late endosome-lysosome (heterotypic) fusion. IFITM3 binds to syntaxin 7 (STX7) in cells and in vitro, and mutations that abrogate STX7 binding cause loss of antiviral activity against influenza A virus. Mechanistically, IFITM3 disrupts assembly of the SNARE complex controlling homotypic fusion and accelerates the trafficking of endosomal cargo to lysosomes. Our results suggest that SNARE modulation plays a previously unrecognized role in the diverse functions performed by CD225 proteins.
Selective cargo and membrane recognition by SNX17 regulates its interaction with Retriever
Authors: Martín-González Aurora , Méndez-Guzmán Iván , Zabala-Zearreta Maialen , Quintanilla Andrea , García-López Arturo , Martínez-Lombardía Eva , Albesa-Jové David , Acosta Juan Carlos , Lucas María 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The Retriever complex recycles a wide range of transmembrane proteins from endosomes to the plasma membrane. The cargo adapter protein SNX17 has been implicated in recruiting the Retriever complex to endosomal membranes, yet the details of this interaction have remained elusive. Through biophysical and structural model-guided mutagenesis studies with recombinant proteins and liposomes, we have gained a deeper understanding of this process. Here, we demonstrate a direct interaction between SNX17 and Retriever, specifically between the C-terminal region of SNX17 and the interface of the Retriever subunits VPS35L and VPS26C. This interaction is enhanced upon the binding of SNX17 to its cargo in solution, due to the disruption of an intramolecular autoinhibitory interaction between the C-terminal region of SNX17 and the cargo binding pocket. In addition, SNX17 binding to membranes containing phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate also promotes Retriever recruitment in a cargo-independent manner. Therefore, this work provides evidence of the dual activation mechanisms by which SNX17 modulates Retriever recruitment to the proximity of cargo and membranes, offering significant insights into the regulatory mechanisms of protein recycling at endosomes.
Redesigning error control in cross-linking mass spectrometry enables more robust and sensitive protein-protein interaction studies
Authors: Bogdanow Boris , Ruwolt Max , Ruta Julia , Mühlberg Lars , Wang Cong , Zeng Wen-feng , Elofsson Arne , Liu Fan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCross-linking mass spectrometry (XL-MS) allows characterizing protein-protein interactions (PPIs) in native biological systems by capturing cross-links between different proteins (inter-links). However, inter-link identification remains challenging, requiring dedicated data filtering schemes and thorough error control. Here, we benchmark existing data filtering schemes combined with error rate estimation strategies utilizing concatenated target-decoy protein sequence databases. These workflows show shortcomings either in sensitivity (many false negatives) or specificity (many false positives). To ameliorate the limited sensitivity without compromising specificity, we develop an alternative target-decoy search strategy using fused target-decoy databases. Furthermore, we devise a different data filtering scheme that takes the inter-link context of the XL-MS dataset into account. Combining both approaches maintains low error rates and minimizes false negatives, as we show by mathematical simulations, analysis of experimental ground-truth data, and application to various biological datasets. In human cells, inter-link identifications increase by 75% and we confirm their structural accuracy through proteome-wide comparisons to AlphaFold2-derived models. Taken together, target-decoy fusion and context-sensitive data filtering deepen and fine-tune XL-MS-based interactomics.
A novel anti-epileptogenesis strategy of temporal lobe epilepsy based on nitric oxide donor
Authors: Zhu Xian-Hui , Zhou Ya-Ping , Zhang Qiao , Zhu Ming-Yi , Song Xiao-Wei , Li Jun , Chen Jiang , Shi Yun , Sun Kang-Jian , Zhang Yong-Jie , Zhang Jing , Xia Tian , Huang Bao-Sheng , Meng Fan , Zhou Qi-Gang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The molecular mechanism underlying the role of hippocampal hilar interneuron degeneration in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) remains unclear. Especially, very few studies have focused on the role of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS, encoded by Nos1) containing hilar interneurons in TLE. In the present study, Nos1 conditional knockout mice were constructed, and we found that selective deletion of Nos1 in hilar interneurons rather than dentate granular cells (DGCs) triggered epileptogenesis. The level of nNOS was downregulated in patients and mice with TLE. Nos1 deletion led to excessive epilepsy-like excitatory input circuit formation and hyperexcitation of DGCs. Replenishment of hilar nNOS protein blocked epileptogenic development and memory impairment in pilocarpine-induced TLE mice. Moreover, chronic treatment with DETA/NONOate, a slowly released exogenous nitric oxide (NO) donor, prevented aberrant neural circuits of DGCs and the consequent epileptogenesis without acute antiseizure effects. Therefore, we concluded that NO donor therapy may be a novel anti-epileptogenesis strategy, different from existing antiseizure medications (ASMs), for curing TLE.
A nonequilibrium kinetic model of high-resolution vibrational energy transfer in RDX from selective IR excitation
Authors: Liu Zhiyu , Batyrev Iskander G. , Byrd Edward F. C. , Chung Peter W. 
Published: December 2024

In this paper, we develop a model based on a second quantization—with anharmonic phonon scattering and the phonon Boltzmann transport equation—to study precise high-resolution nonequilibrium vibrational energy transfer (VET) under selective phonon excitation in cyclotrimethylene trinitramine. We simulate mid-infrared pump–probe spectroscopy and observe a prompt appearance (&lt;1 ps) of broad-spectrum intensity, which agrees well with experimental data in the literature. The selective excitation of phonons at different frequencies reveals distinct VET pathways and the kinetic evolution of mode occupations as the system reaches a new equilibrium temperature. Three types of transition mechanisms are found to play outsized roles in terms of the amount of energy transferred and the transfer rate: (1) vibrational modes close to the excited frequencies typically respond faster and reach higher temperatures regardless of the excitation frequency; (2) the overtone pathway connecting the modes near 550 and 1150 cm−1 is an important bridge between far- and mid-IR; and (3) fast aggregation of energy at 2800 cm−1 mediates transfer to/from high frequencies through a second overtone pathway involving modes near 1400 cm−1. In addition, by monitoring the temperature of the N–N/N–O stretching modes, strong coupling between those modes and the C–H stretching modes is found. The coupling likely draws the vibrational modes close to both the proton transfer transition state for HONO elimination and the N–N stretching for bond cleavage. The high-resolution understanding of the nonequilibrium kinetics of phonons provides important insight into the energy transfer and initiation mechanisms of molecular solids due to external stimuli.
Crystallographic symmetry increasing in the pressure-induced phase transition of the hydrogen-bonded organic crystal 1-methylhydantoin
Authors: Zhang Zhiheng , Zhang Xiaoxiang , Duan Ruijie , Zhao Yichen , Jia Wenpeng , Liu Yongli , Liu Wengang , Dai Yuxiang , He Ben-Guo 
Published: December 2024

In situ high-pressure Raman spectroscopy and synchrotron angular dispersive x-ray diffraction techniques, combined with first-principles calculations, have been performed to investigate the 1-methylhydantoin (C4H6N2O2, 1-MH) molecular crystal. High-pressure experiments have shown that phase I (monoclinic system) begins to transform into phase II (orthorhombic system) at pressures above 4.0 GPa, and the transformation range is from 4.0 to 14.2 GPa. It is proposed that the mechanism of phase transition is the interlayer contraction and rearrangement of the hydrogen-bonding network due to the enhanced strong hydrogen-bonded interactions at high pressures. This study provides some theoretical basis for this rare pressure-induced phase transition from low symmetry to high symmetry in organic supramolecular polymorphism.