bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development Insights of Surface Modified Lipid Nanoemulsions of Dihydroartemisinin for Malaria Chemotherapy: Characterization, and in vivo Antimalarial Evaluation
Authors: Umeyor Chukwuebuka E. , Obachie Onyedikachi , Chukwuka Rozeeta , Attama Anthony 
Published: December 2018

<P>Background: The use of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) for effective malaria treatment is
challenged by its poor aqueous solubility and inadequate bioavailability leading to treatment
failures and emergence of resistant strains. A review of some novel drug delivery systems developed
to address these challenges and their patents revealed that no study has reported the application
of surface modified lipid nanoemulsions for improved antimalarial activity of DHA.

Objective:
The main thrust of this study is to develop oral dihydroartemisinin formulations solubilized
in surface modified lipid nanoemulsions, characterize, and evaluate their activity against
murine malaria.

Method:
Lipid nanoemulsions containing dihydroartemisinin were formulated by high pressure
homogenization using soybean oil, and polyethylene glycol 4000 was employed for surface
modification. The formulations were characterized for droplet size, surface charge, pH, fouriertransform
infrared spectroscopy, and surface morphology, viscosity and drug content efficiency.
In vitro haemolytic study as a function of cytotoxicity using red blood cells as well as in vivo
anti-malarial study using murine malaria model was also investigated.
</P><P>
Results: Nanoemulsions recorded droplet sizes ranging from 26 – 56 nm, and zeta potential in
the range of -28 to -35 mV. The formulations were slightly acidic (pH 4.4 – 5.8) with the drug
molecularly dispersed as seen using infrared spectroscopy. The formulations showed non-
Newtonian flow with significant drug content efficiency in the range of 77-96%. The formulations
did not induce haemolysis of cells and showed good clearance of parasitaemia.

Conclusion:
Surface-modified lipid nanoemulsion is a perfect carrier system for improving the
anti-malarial activity of dihydroartemisinin.</P>
Comparison of Anticancer Properties of Annona muricata L. Acetonic and Methanolic Leaf Extracts
Authors: de Castro Nascimento Jéssica , do Vale Bosso Rosa Maria , Anholeti Maria Carolina , da Silva Castro Elaine , Junior Maximino Alencar Bezerra , do Nascimento Thais Affonso , de Paiva Selma Ribeiro , Fonte de Amorim Lidia Maria da 
Published: December 2018

Background:
Phytochemical studies of Annona muricata showed the presence of bioactive
components with anticancer activity. We compared the anticancer properties of crude acetonic
and methanolic A. muricata leaf extracts.

Methods:
The viabilities of different cell lines (A549, U87, U251, K562 and VERO) treated with A.
muricata acetonic or methanolic leaf extracts were measured using the MTT assay. Apoptosis induction,
cell cycle and cytoskeleton rearrangements were evaluated in K562 by flow cytometry or
fluorescence microscopy.

Results:
Chemical analyses of the A. muricata extracts showed differences in their composition. The
K562 cell line was the most sensitive to the treatment with the acetonic and methanolic extracts, and
the IC50 values, respectively were 28.82 (24.41 - 34.69) and 32.49 (27.21 - 40.16) μg/mL. Both extracts
induced apoptotic cell death and G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest. For the first time, cytoskeleton
rearrangements were observed in the K562 cell line treated with methanolic extract.

Conclusion:
These findings suggest that both A. muricata extracts exhibit antileukemic potential
and represent a promising source of novel compounds with anticancer activity.
Assessing Personality Disorders in Adolescence: A Validation Study of the IPOP-A
Authors: Leal Isabel , Silva Sara Bailote , Ramos Maria Meireles , Pedreira Marta , Ramos Vera Santos , Pires Pedro 
Published: December 2018

Background:
The need to develop clinical and empirically-based tools for
assessing personality development in adolescence led to the proposal of the IPOP-A
(Ammaniti, Fontana, Kernberg, Clarkin, & Clarkin, 2011), a semi-structured interview for
adolescents that aims to differentiate personality organization processes from characteristics
that may reflect a personality disorder.

Objective and Methods:
This research aimed to evaluate the adaptation of the IPOP-A to the
Portuguese population, attending to its diagnostic properties and its discriminant validity by
comparing a clinical group with a nonclinical one. A total sample of 44 adolescents from 13
to 18 years old has taken part in this study, 22 of whom had a previous personality disorder
diagnosis. The content of the interviews was transcribed and codified according to the
coding manual.

Results:
Acceptable internal consistency values across the dimensions of the IPOP-A are
found and statistically significant differences are revealed between the clinical group and
nonclinical group, with the clinical group revealing values that suggest higher impairment in
the dimensions of the personality functioning in comparison with the nonclinical one.

Conclusion:
Our study supports that the Portuguese version of the IPOP-A can be
considered a valid instrument to identify adolescents with a personality disorder.
Penguasaan civic skills aktivis badan eksekutif mahasiswa (studi di Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta)
Authors: Hidayah Yayuk , Sunarso Sunarso 
Published: December 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan mesndeskripsikan peranan, program, hambatan, upaya BEM UNY dalam meningkatkan civic skills aktivisnya. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan kualitatif. Penentuan subjek dengan purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data observasi, dokumentasi, wawancara. Teknik keabsahan data teknik triangulasi. Teknik analisis dengan reduksi data, sajian data, dan penarikan simpulan. Hasil penelitian (1) peranan BEM UNY dalam meningkatan civic skills adalah Partner kampus, fasilitator, pengabdian, selain itu BEM UNY mengalami dilema terkait kaderisasi dan diversifikasi gerakan. (2) program BEM UNY yang dapat meningkatkan civic skills, forum sekretaris kementerian, lembar pemantauan, sekolah kader bangsa, sosialisasi 100 hari kinerja BEM, dialog kebangsaan. (3) hambatan internal upaya meningkatkan civic skills, keterbatasan sumber daya manusia, banyaknya program kerja, keuangan. Hambatan eksternal, hal teknis dan perubahan kondisi sosial politik. (4) Upaya internal mengatasi hambatan peningkatan civic skill, perekrutan kader secara sistematik, mengutamakan program kerja, menjalin kemitraan. Upaya eksternal pengaktifan papan pengumuman, rapat kementerian secara rutin, pembacaan situasi sosial.Kata kunci: civic skills, BEM UNY THE MASTERY OF CIVIC SKILLS OF STUDENT EXECUTIVE BOARD ACTIVISTS (A STUDY IN STATE UNIVERSITY OF YOGYAKARTA),AbstractThis study aims to describe the role, program, obstacles, BEM UNY efforts in improving the skills of civic activists. Using qualitative research approaches. Determining the subject with purposive sampling. Data collection techniques of observation, documentation, interviews. Technique authenticity of data triangulation technique. Mechanical analysis with data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study (1) UNY BEM role in improving the civic skills are Partner campus, facilitator, devotion, besides UNY BEM has a dilemma related to the regeneration and diversification of movement. (2) UNY BEM program to improve civic skills, forum secretary ministry, monitoring sheets, school cadre nation, socialization 100 days performance of BEM, national dialogue. (3) internal barriers efforts to improve civic skills, limited human resources, the number of work programs, finances. External barriers, technical issues and changes in political and social conditions. (4) Efforts to overcome internal barriers to increase civic skills, recruitment of cadres systematically, prioritize work program, a partnership. Efforts to external activation bulletin boards, regular ministerial meetings, reading social situations.Keywords: civic skills, BEM UNY
Evaluasi pelaksanaan Peraturan Walikota Yogyakarta No 53 Tahun 2011 tentang Gerakan Segoro Amarto dalam penanggulangan kemiskinan
Authors: Tuasikal Patma , Sunarso Sunarso 
Published: December 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi kesesuain Program Gerakan Segoro Amarto (PGSA) dengan kebutuhan masyarakat,mengungkapkan implementasi PGSA berdasarkan dampak sosial ekonomi untuk mengetahui kendala implementasi PGSA di Kota Yogyakarta. Jenis penetian deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan evaluasi program model CIPP. Penentuan subjek teknik purposive. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, dokumentasi, dan observasi. Analisis data interaktif model . Hasil penelitian menunjukan: (1) PGSA dilaksanakan karena kepadatan penduduk masih tinggi, tingkat kemiskinan relatif besar, pergeseran nilai gotong royong, (2) Implementasi PGSA meliputi; sosialisasi, pendataan/pemetaan, penyaluran dana, pengambilan dana, penggunaan dana, monitoring/evaluasi, pelaporan, 3) Dampak sosial ekonomi cukup baik pada hubungan lingkungan sosial budaya, berkembangnya usaha ekonomi, memberantas kemiskinan, peningkatan pendidikan, peningkatan kesehatan, 4) Kendalanya, kurang adanya komunikasi yang baik, sosialisasi program terlalu cepat, bertumpuknya program masyarakat, usulan tanah program sulit terealisasi, kurang adanya pemanfaatan dana, kurang meratanya daya dukung masyarakat.Kata kunci: gerakan segoro amarto, penanggulangan kemiskinan AN EVALUATION OF YOGYAKARTA MAYOR REGULATION NO.53 OF 2011 CONCERNING THE MOVEMENT OF SEGORO PROGRAM IN POVERTY REDUCTIONAbstractThis study aims to evaluate the suitability SAMP with the community needs, as well as revealing SAMP implementation based on socio-economic impacts to determine SAMP implementation constraints in the city of Yogyakarta. The study used a model of CIPP program evaluation approach developed. The subjects purposive technique. The data collected using interview, documentation, and observation. analyzed using the interactive model. The results showed: (1) implemented SAMP because the population density is still high, poverty rate is still relatively large, the value of mutual cooperation. (2) The implementation SAMP include; dissemination, data collection / mapping, disbursement of funds, the withdrawal of funds, use of funds, monitoring / evaluation, reporting, (3) socio-economic effects quite well on the relationship socio-cultural environment, development of the economy, eradicate poverty, education health, improving health, (4) the constraints, lack of good communication, socialization program too quickly, the accumulation of the public program, the proposed program of land difficult to be realized, lack of utilization of the funds, uneven community supports.Keywords: segoro amarto movement program, poverty reduction,
Avoiding War: How Should Northern Europe Respond to the US-Russian Rivalry?
Authors: Heier Tormod 
Published: December 2018

Since Russia’s annexation of Crimea in 2014, Northern Europe has increasingly aligned its national defence arrangements with the United States and NATO. This contrasts with the Cold War period, when Sweden and Finland were neutral, and Norway and Denmark put self-imposed restraints on their NATO memberships. Providing Northern Europe with a stable “buffer” between East and West, this so-called Nordic balance kept the United States and Soviet Union at an arm’s length. Since 2014 however, Northern Europe has de facto slid from “buffer” to “springboard” for US forces. This slide may counter Russian assertiveness, but there is also reason to argue that it may increase regional tension and unpredictability. If so, this may leave the entire region with less rather than more security. Using the case of Norway, it is argued that too close an alignment with NATO may have accelerated Norway’s role as a “springboard” for US forces. This is because cost-intensive reforms needed to accommodate US expectations abroad have also exacerbated critical vulnerabilities at home. Increased dependency on US forces thereby makes difficult the balance between deterrence and restraint vis-à-vis Russia.
ANTALYA BÖLGESİNDE OTEL ODA FİYATLARININ TAHMİNİ
Authors: Üstündağ Hatice , Işık Sayım 
Published: December 2018

Bu çalışmanın
amacı 5 yıldızlı otel ve tatil köylerinin otel oda fiyatlarını etkileyen
değişkenlerin etkisini belirlemektir. Çalışmada
kullanılan veriler Antalya bölgesinde bulunan 230 adet 5 yıldızlı otel ve tatil
köyleri için derlenmiştir. Bu veriler hedonik fiyat modeli ile analiz
edilmiştir. Analiz sonucu anlamlı çıkan değişkenler adımsal regresyon ile
tahmin edilmiştir. Adımsal regresyon sonuçlarına göre zincir otel, müşteri
puanları, sertifika sayısı, denize sıfır olması, oda sayısı ulaşım araçlarına
uzaklık, merkeze uzaklık ve otelin yaşı otel oda fiyatlarını istatistiksel
olarak anlamlı etkilemektedir. Ayrıca standartlaştırılmış katsayılar analizine
göre müşteri puanları ve oda sayısı otel oda fiyatlarını diğer değişkenlerden
daha fazla etkilemektedir.
Evaluación in vitro de las actividades antimicrobiana, antioxidante y protectora del ADN, de un extracto etanólico de romero (Rosmarinus officinalis L.)
Authors: Cecchini Maria Eugenia , Roma Dardo Andrés , Pussetto Lucía , Iglesias Delvis , Basualdo María Claudia , Aiassa Delia Elba , Mañas Torres Fernando Javier 
Published: December 2018

El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar in vitro algunos potenciales efectos terapéuticos del extracto etanólico de romero (Rosmarinus officinalis L.), incluyendo sus actividades inhibitoria sobre la formación de biopelícula, antimicrobiana, antioxidante y protectora del ADN. La evaluación de la actividad antimicrobiana se llevó a cabo mediante la técnica de difusión en pocillo y determinaciones de concentración inhibitoria mínima (CIM) y concentración bactericida mínima (CBM), empleando dos bacterias gram (+) y tres gram (-). La determinación de la actividad inhibitoria sobre la formación de biopelícula se realizó con el microorganismo que presentó mayor sensibilidad a la actividad antimicrobiana del romero, empleando una técnica en placa de 96 pocillos. La cuantificación de las actividades antioxidante y antigenotóxica se llevó a cabo sobre leucocitos caprinos, expuestos al extracto y a H2O2, mediante cuantificación de lipoperoxidación y daño en el ADN (ensayo cometa), respectivamente. Los resultados obtenidos indican mayor sensibilidad de los microorganismos gram (+) al extracto de romero (CIM/CBM 312,5/1250 y 312,5/2500 μg/ml para S. aureus y S. epidermidis, respectivamente), en tanto no se halló sensibilidad en los gram (-). Se encontró actividad inhibitoria sobre la formación de biopelícula aun a concentraciones subinhibitorias para S. aureus en placa de 96 pocillos. Finalmente, se demostró que el extracto de romero presenta actividad protectora del ADN en células caprinas que podría estar vinculada con un efecto antioxidante. Resulta necesario continuar investigando la capacidad antimicrobiana del extracto de romero para evaluar la posibilidad de emplearlo in vivo para el tratamiento de infecciones crónicas relacionadas con la presencia de biopelícula.
Paracoccidioidomicosis en caninos y felinos: hallazgos clínicos, diagnóstico y tratamiento
Authors: Martínez Cepeda Galo Ernesto , Revelo-Ruales Paola 
Published: December 2018

La paracoccidioidomicosis es una micosis profunda endémica de América Latina. Se ha identificado
Paracoccidioides spp. en diferentes especies animales. En caninos y felinos, se presenta con una
signología inespecífica con alteraciones de los sistemas respiratorio y nervioso y, menos frecuentemente, con alteraciones cutáneas. La presentación leve y de resolución espontánea de la enfermedad depende del estado inmunológico del animal; una respuesta inmune deficiente permite que se disemine y pueda llegar hasta la muerte. Existen varias técnicas disponibles para su diagnóstico. El diagnóstico definitivo se realiza identificando a Paracoccidioides spp. mediante cultivo, aislamiento y posterior identificación molecular. La realización de esta revisión bibliográfica tuvo la finalidad de recopilar información sobre esta enfermedad de interés en caninos y felinos.
Evaluation of Cost Estimation Techniques in Drc Valuation: A Comparative Assessment of Valuers and Quantity Surveyors in Lagos State
Authors: Aihie Vincent Uwaifiokun , Ikuabe Matthew 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The aim of the research is to comparatively assess the knowledge and competency levels among valuers and quantity surveyors of cost estimation techniques used in DRC valuation. The study investigates the need for estate surveyors and valuers in Nigeria to improve their current knowledge of cost estimation techniques when valuing non-rent yielding and specialized properties using the DRC method of valuation. More importantly, it evaluates the need for valuers to engage in the services of quantity surveyors in order to ensure that accurate cost estimates are provided for use in the valuation process. The research methodology adopted in actualizing the aim of the present study made use of primary and secondary sources of data, which included texts, published research work and semi-structured questionnaire. Identical questionnaire was distributed to both valuers and quantity surveyors in Lagos and their responses were measured using statistical tables and simple percentages. A proficiency scale of the National Institute of Health was adopted to test the level of competence of cost estimation techniques amongst valuers and quantity surveyors and their responses were ranked. Furthermore, a two-sample t-test was used to compare the means of random samples drawn from the responses of these two populations. The findings showed that there was a lack of awareness more on the part of valuers than quantity surveyors when it came to the knowledge and use of current cost estimating methods when valuing properties using the DRC method of valuation. These findings also gave credence to the fact that the services of quantity surveyors most times were not commissioned when these cost estimates were to be determined for valuation, hence leading to properties being undervalued or overvalued. In a nutshell, the recommendations postulated dwelt on improving the cost estimating knowledge of estate surveyors and valuers through seminars, symposiums and workshops organised by NIESV and NIQS, awareness of the need for valuers to work with quantity surveyors to perfect valuation briefs involving the use of the DRC method and slight changes made to the curriculum of the study course “Estate Management” in tertiary institutions so as to accommodate taking courses in quantity surveying.
State of the art in magnetic resonance imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Horvat Natally , Monti Serena , Oliveira Brunna Clemente , Rocha Camila Carlos Tavares , Giancipoli Romina Grazia , Mannelli Lorenzo 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Background
Liver cancer is the sixth most common cancer worldwide and the second leading cause of cancer mortality. Chronic liver disease caused by viral infection, alcohol abuse, or other factors can lead to cirrhosis. Cirrhosis is the most important clinical risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) whereby the normal hepatic architecture is replaced by fibrous septa and a spectrum of nodules ranging from benign regenerative nodules to HCC, each one of them with different imaging features.

Conclusions
Furthermore, advanced techniques including the quantification of hepatic and intralesional fat and iron, magnetic resonance elastography, radiomics, radiogenomics, and positron emission tomography (PET)-MRI are highly promising for the extraction of new imaging biomarkers that reflect the tumor microenvironment and, in the future, may add decision-making value in the management of patients with HCC.
Dendritic cell profiles in the inflamed colonic mucosa predict the responses to tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Smrekar Natasa , Drobne David , Smid Lojze M. , Ferkolj Ivan , Stabuc Borut , Ihan Alojz , Kopitar Andreja Natasa 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Background
Dendritic cells play crucial roles in the control of inflammation and immune tolerance in the gut. We aimed to investigate the effects of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFa) inhibitors on intestinal dendritic cells in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and the potential role of intestinal dendritic cells in predicting the response to treatment.

Patients and methods
Intestinal biopsies were obtained from 30 patients with inflammatory bowel disease before and after treatment with TNFa inhibitors. The proportions of lamina propria dendritic cell phenotypes were analysed using flow cytometry. Disease activity was endoscopically assessed at baseline and after the induction treatment.

Results
At baseline, the proportion of conventional dendritic cells was higher in the inflamed mucosa (7.8%) compared to the uninflamed mucosa (4.5%) (p = 0.003), and the proportion of CD103+ dendritic cells was lower in the inflamed mucosa (47.1%) versus the uninflamed mucosa (57.3%) (p = 0.03). After 12 weeks of treatment, the proportion of conventional dendritic cells in the inflamed mucosa decreased from 7.8% to 4.5% (p = 0.014), whereas the proportion of CD103+ dendritic cells remained unchanged. Eighteen out of 30 (60%) patients responded to their treatment by week 12. Responders had a significantly higher proportion of conventional dendritic cells (9.16% vs 4.4%, p < 0.01) with higher expression of HLA-DR (median fluorescent intensity [MFI] 12152 vs 8837, p = 0.038) in the inflamed mucosa before treatment compared to nonresponders.

Conclusions
A proportion of conventional dendritic cells above 7% in the inflamed inflammatory bowel disease mucosa before treatment predicts an endoscopic response to TNFa inhibitors.
Clayton Copula as an Alternative Perspective of Multi-Reaction Model
Authors: Dhaundiyal Alok , Singh Suraj B. , Hanon Muammel M. , Schrempf Norbert 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This study proposes to assess the effect of some relevant parameters of biomass pyrolysis on the numerical solutions of nthorder distributed activation energy model (DAEM) or multi reaction model (MRM). The two-step process mechanisms of pyrolysis is described by replacing the initial distribution function of f (E) with the Clayton copula. The upper limit (E∞) of ‘dE’ integral, activation energy (A), heating rate (m), and the shape and scale parameters of bivariate distribution function. Temperature ramp rate is assumed to vary linearly with time. Thermo-analytical data is obtained with the help of thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. Asymptotic technique is adopted to approximate double exponential and bivariate distribution function f (E1, E2), where E1and E2are the activation energies for bivariate scheme.
Integrate CAATS Technologies into Data Selection and Data Analysis
Authors: Coman Dan Marius , Coman Mihaela Denisa , Munteanu Ciprian Costel 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This research paper is a study of the application of selection techniques in financial audit, with particular attention to the sampling selection technique, as well as an attempt to find out how to improve them, especially in the current informational context.
Computer assisted auditing techniques (CAATS) are able to analyze enlarge data volumes to distinguish errors by taking all activities of the economic entity in the audit period.