bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Constraints on Early-type Galaxy Assembly from Spectroscopic Metallicities of Globular Clusters in M87
Authors: Villaume Alexa , Romanowsky Aaron J. , Brodie Jean , Strader Jay 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The observed characteristics of globular cluster (GC) systems, such as metallicity distributions, are commonly used to place constraints on galaxy formation models. However, obtaining reliable metallicity values is particularly difficult because of our limited means to obtain high quality spectroscopy of extragalactic GCs. Often, “color–metallicity relations” are invoked to convert easier-to-obtain photometric measurements into metallicities, but there is no consensus on what form these relations should take. In this paper we make use of multiple photometric data sets and iron metallicity values derived from applying full-spectrum stellar population synthesis models to deep Keck/LRIS spectra of 177 GCs centrally located around M87 to obtain a new color–metallicity relation. Our new relation differs substantially from previous relations in the blue, and we present evidence that the M87 relation differs from that of the Milky Way GCs, suggesting environmental dependence of GC properties. We use our color–metallicity relation to derive a new GC metallicity-host galaxy luminosity relation for red and blue GCs and find a shallower relation for the blue GCs than what previous work has found and that the metal-poor GCs are more enriched than what was previously found. This could indicate that the progenitor satellite galaxies that now make up the stellar halos of early-type galaxies are more massive and formed later than previously thought, or that the properties of metal-poor GCs are less dependent on their present-day host, indicating a common origin.
Electron Energy Partition across Interplanetary Shocks. I.
Methodology and Data Product
Authors: Wilson III Lynn B. , Chen Li-Jen , Wang Shan , Schwartz Steven J. , Turner Drew L. , Stevens Michael L. , Kasper Justin C. , Osmane Adnane , Caprioli Damiano , Bale Stuart D. , Pulupa Marc P. , Salem Chadi S. , Goodrich Katherine A. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Analyses of 15,314 electron velocity distribution functions (VDFs) within ±2 hr
of 52 interplanetary (IP) shocks observed by the Wind
spacecraft near 1 au are introduced. The electron VDFs are fit to the sum of
three model functions for the cold dense core, hot tenuous halo, and
field-aligned beam/strahl component. The best results were found by modeling the
core as either a bi-kappa or a symmetric (or asymmetric) bi-self-similar VDF,
while both the halo and beam/strahl components were best fit to bi-kappa VDF.
This is the first statistical study to show that the core electron distribution
is better fit to a self-similar VDF than a bi-Maxwellian under all conditions.
The self-similar distribution deviation from a Maxwellian is a measure of
inelasticity in particle scattering from waves and/or turbulence. The ranges of
values defined by the lower and upper quartiles for the kappa exponents are
κ

ec
∼ 5.40–10.2 for the core,
κ

eh
∼ 3.58–5.34 for the halo,
and κ

eb
∼ 3.40–5.16 for the
beam/strahl. The lower-to-upper quartile range of symmetric bi-self-similar core
exponents is s

ec
∼ 2.00–2.04, and
those of asymmetric bi-self-similar core exponents are
p

ec
∼ 2.20–4.00 for the
parallel exponent and
q

ec
∼ 2.00–2.46 for the
perpendicular exponent. The nuanced details of the fit procedure and description
of resulting data product are also presented. The statistics and detailed
analysis of the results are presented in Paper II and Paper III of this
three-part study.
Peut-il y avoir un socialisme après le communisme ?
Authors: Roemer John , Andréani Tony 
Published: July 2019

Socialism is based on equality, not public ownership. In the present period, in order to be efficient, it must rely to a considerable extent on the market. The main reason for the failure of communism was the incapacity to solve the problem of incentives. From these three premisses, we can sketch a model of market socialism. Only the structure and level of investment need be decided on by planning - the plan operates through various forms of incentive, such as differential interest rates. A market for shares is preserved in order to compel managers to manage efficiently - but is is a market of « bonds », shared between al1 adult citizens, which may be bartered for other bonds, but not for money. The bond system, by spreading ownership, reduces the level of public nuisances like pollution. Such a model gets rid of poverty and increases political democracy ; it might be tried out in Eastem Europe.
Pour une philosophie de la libération du point de vue cosmopolitique
Authors: Jervolino Domenico , Renault Didier 
Published: July 2019

The philosophy of liberation in Latin America, primarly grounded in the popular struggles against repressions and linked with the theories of « dependancy » and « transition », finds further inspiration in the major european philosophical trends (marxisms, hermeneutics, phenomenologies). D. Jervolino shows the way to its cosmopolitical development.
Du patient individuel à la thérapie de famille. De l’équipe réfléchissante au thérapeute individuel
Authors: Nussbaumer Nicolas Louis Marie , Grandgirard Marc , Garcia Cristina , Boisset Sonia Baziz , Monnet Caroline 
Published: July 2019

À partir de l’histoire d’une thérapie individuelle devenue progressivement thérapie de famille, ayant impliqué un thérapeute-formateur et une équipe réfléchissante en formation, les quatre thérapeutes qui ont traversé cette aventure thérapeutique évoquent quelques facettes de leur évolution personnelle dans cet atelier qui se veut à son tour expérientiel. Des fragments des évolutions personnelles des quatre jeunes thérapeutes sont racontés à quatre volontaires qui forment l’équipe réfléchissante de l’équipe réfléchissante dans un cercle confidentiel sous la houlette du thérapeute-formateur ; les quatre volontaires sont invités ensuite à échanger leurs propres résonances avec la première équipe réfléchissante. Enfin, dans un troisième temps, le public s’exprime. L’enrichissement de l’atelier par ces divers apports narratifs conduit à une discussion comparative de l’expérience de formation vécue par l’équipe réfléchissante dans cet atelier et dans un autre cadre, celui de l’intervention systémique brève ainsi qu’une comparaison théorique avec le modèle de l’équipe de Ian Frank directement issu de celui de Tom Andersen. La conclusion parlera de sérendipité et d’échange de cadeaux.
24 heures chrono
Authors: Delvigne Frédéric 
Published: July 2019

L’auteur témoigne de son expérience d’enseignement de la systémique. Dans le cadre d’un cours de vingt-quatre heures, il tente de sensibiliser de futurs professionnels psychosociaux à la « pensée systémique ». La pédagogie est résolument centrée sur la « formation » (mobilisation du « vécu » des apprenants) plutôt que sur l’« apprentissage » (mémorisation de concepts). L’auteur explique comment il fait « sentir » le paradigme systémique au départ de quatre principes : 1) Nous n’agissons pas toujours en notre nom propre mais au nom d’un réseau d’appartenance ; 2) Ce que nous appelons un « problème » peut être vu comme une « solution » ; 3) Avant d’engager une aide psychosociale, il y a lieu de questionner le contexte et 4) La collaboration avec la famille ne se décrète pas, elle se construit . Des exemples concrets et des analyses de situation viennent illustrer le propos.
La realidad aumentada en la enseñanza universitaria
Authors: Cabero J. , Barroso J. , Llorente C. 
Published: June 2019

<p>El aumento del uso, así como de las posibilidades que ofrecen los dispositivos móviles, tablets o los smartphones en nuestra vida diaria, conlleva que dichas herramientas puedan ser incorporadas, sin costes adicionales, y con grandes posibilidades didácticas, en los contextos de formación universitaria. Este aspecto contribuye, sin lugar a duda, a la proliferación de tecnologías como la Realidad Aumentada (RA), que permite, apoyándose en los dispositivos anteriormente comentados, facilitar la combinación de información digital e información física en tiempo real. En el presente artículo no se presentará la problemática de la conceptualización de la RA, sino que se pretende ofrecer una visión a través del análisis de dos de las variables que pueden ser consideradas como limitantes en el uso de ésta tecnología en los contextos universitarios: la falta de investigaciones, y los pocos objetos de aprendizaje generados en formato RA (todo ello sin olvidar la necesidad de contar con marcos teóricos para facilitar su incorporación educativa). Asimismo, es necesario partir de hecho de que, si se pretende que dicha tecnología se incorpore a la formación universitaria, es imprescincible que las Universidades creen y potencien centros de producción que faciliten y/o ayuden al docente para su producción. Y ello, no porque algunos objetos no puedan ser producidos por los propios docentes, sino porque objetos complejos requieren el manejo de programas complejos, así como de la elaboración de recursos de cierta, mucha, dificultad.</p>
Los retos de la alfabetización de las personas adultas. Creencias de docentes peruanos y propuestas metodológicas
Authors: Bataller Català A. , Ballester Roca J. 
Published: June 2019

<p>Abordamos los retos de la alfabetización de personas adultas en un contexto americano desde una mirada europea. Nos centramos en el contexto de la educación de adultos en Perú, un país con una gran diversidad cultural y lingüística, a partir de la interacción producida con un centenar de docentes peruanos vinculados a los centros CEBA (Educación Básica Alternativa). El contexto escolar de los jóvenes y adultos en situación de analfabetismo adscritos al Programa de Alfabetización y Educación Básica de Jóvenes y Adultos (PAEBA) presenta situaciones de extrema pobreza y desigualdad, que precisan de acciones y metodologías específicas. Desde la experiencia de los centros de alfabetización de adultos y de la realidad sociolingüística de la enseñanza en la lengua propia experimentada en la Comunidad Valenciana, abordamos los conceptos de alfabetización en la lengua propia, las competencias y metodologías basadas en el uso de la lengua oral y escrita, el valor identitario de la tradición oral, etc. Consideramos algunos aspectos esenciales: la preparación de los docentes en el conocimiento de las lenguas, la atención a la diversidad cultural, el desarrollo de prácticas docentes motivadoras y la creación de ambientes alfabetizadores.</p>
Factor erosividad de la lluvia en la subcuenca sur del lago Xolotlán, Managua
Authors: Blanco Chávez M.E. 
Published: July 2019

En el presente artículo se aborda el estudio del índice de erosividad de la lluvia en la subcuenca sur del Lago Xolotlán que pertenece a la cuenca 9525 de Nicaragua. El objetivo del estudio fue la determinación del índice de erosividad R de la Ecuación Universal Revisada de Pérdida de Suelo (RUSLE), a partir de los datos pluviográficos diarios de la estación 69027 (Aeropuerto de Managua) y datos pluviométricos mensuales de 7 estaciones distribuidas en la subcuenca y sus cercanías. Se analizaron los pluviogramas diarios del año 2007 al 2016, con los cuales se obtuvo los valores de R mensual y anual. Se realizó una regresión lineal simple entre el valor de R mensual y la precipitación mensual, con un coeficiente de correlación de r2 = 0.86. Dado que en la subcuenca de estudio sólo hay una estación pluviográfica, se utiliza el índice modificado de Fournier para estimar los valores de R en las estaciones pluviométricas. El estudio sugiere que el índice promedio anual de la erosividad varía de 5,000 Mj mm / (ha-h-año) en la parte baja de la subcuenca a 7,250 en la parte alta, representando la lluvia un poder erosivo moderado.
Learning Habits and Attitudes in the Revivalist Old-Time Community of Practice
Authors: Morgan-Ellis Esther M. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The revivalist musicians who participate in the old-time music scene constitute what Lave and Wenger (1991) term a “community of practice. ” This study seeks to analyze the learning habits of revivalist old-time musicians from the perspective of Lave and Wenger and to explain how their approaches to and attitudes toward learning can serve to position cohort members within this community of practice. To do so, the study provides a framework for positioning individuals in the revivalist community of practice, establishes the criteria for “full” and “peripheral” participation in that community, examines the learning approaches and attitudes reported by revivalist old-time players, and demonstrates that approaches to learning are tied to community position. The data for this mixed-methods study was collected in 2017 at 5 old-time music festivals and camps in the Southeast United States, where 100 adult musicians completed a questionnaire containing demographic items, Likert-type items, and open-ended questions. This study concludes that the most significant marker of full participant status in the community of practice is a strong aversion to the use of notation and tablature, while a preference for learning from field and historical recordings, a tendency to learn tunes at jams, the possession of historical knowledge about tunes, and the ability to identify regional playing styles are also markers of full participant status.
Student Perceptions of a Choral-Dialoguing Social Justice Course
Authors: Perkins John 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Social justice education has focused on empathic engagement (Broome, 1991; Meier, 1996; Nagda, 2006) and critical dialogue to counter the human tendency to “other” out-group members. Choral singing has great potential to foster empathy (Kreutz, 2014) and fast-bonding social relationships (Pearce, Launay, & Dunbar, 2015). The purpose of this qualitative case study was to investigate student perceptions of a choral-dialoguing social justice course. Semistructured student interviews revealed that students experienced increased intrinsic motivation in the rehearsal process, a desire to be in dialogue during choir rehearsals in order to enhance critical thinking, personal paradigm shifts regarding social justice topics, and skepticism about the priorities of their undergraduate music curriculum. Conclusions from this study suggest that empathic and critical modes of learning may foster transformative social justice education and may broaden the goals of music education.
Motivic Transformation in the Dark Knight Trilogy (2005–2012)
Authors: Rahn Steven 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This article examines how the minor third motive in the Dark Knight trilogy (2005–2012) transforms in meaning across the three films through rehar-monization, and how its narrative associations eventually expand beyond the role of signifier for Batman. The films’ departure from the more traditional thematic approach of previous Batman films describes a stylistic trend in contemporary film scoring that Nicholas Reyland (2015) has dubbed “corporate classicism,” which, according to Reyland, “[privileges] affect and style topical connotation over musical structures developing thematic or harmonic symbolism.” By focusing on a single motive’s array of harmonic underpinnings, this analysis demonstrates how minimalistic musical materials within the contemporary model of corporate classicism can not only undergo subtle transformations across a film or film franchise, but can also host rich symbolic resonances that emerge from such transformations. Hans Zimmer and James Newton Howard thus allow the music to function beyond an affective role and engage with themes of identity and moral ambivalence in the Dark Knight trilogy.
Development of Instant Ox Tail Soup Supplemented with Mushroom and Moringa Leaves
Authors: Makhungu M. L. , Njue L. G. 
Published: July 2019

Background: Food consumption has been changing during the past decade and need for instant formulation is being increased. The potential of growth of convenience foods in Kenya is vastly untapped.
Objective: This study was to develop a dehydrated instant ox tail soup mix supplemented with mushroom and Moringa leaves and other vegetables to enhance its protein quality and reduce the difficulty in preparation of the soup inorder to minimize the problem of protein-energy malnutrition in Kenya.
Methods: After destalking, washing was done. The whole leaves were boiled with 0.1% (v/v) sodium metabi-sulphite for 10 minutes.. The leaves were then spread out on the racks for 15 min. The leaves were then spread thinly on mesh and allowed to dry in the oven dryer for four 4 hours. The dried leaves were ground into powder and packaged in a plastic container and stored at room temperature. Fresh oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostearus (Jacq.) P. Kumm. were cleaned, chopped into small pieces of about 5-7 mm thickness, then pretreated by blanching in water at 60ºC for about 2 minutes, cooked and dried to a moisture content of 5-7%, then dried, sieved and stored in airtight containers. The oxtail was cut into small pieces and soaked in vinegar for 10 minutes this is because vinegar tends to kill salmonella, E coli and other gram-negative bacteria. It was then taken to an oven to dry it further at 70ºC for 48 hours, then ground and packed in airtight container at room temperatures. Tomatoes were cut into slices, cooked, cooled, and the pulp was dried in an oven drier for 3 hours at 60ºC. The dried pulp was ground and packaged in airtight glass containers. Proximate analysis was done according to AOAC methods (2005).
Results: Proximate analysis were as follows: Oyster mushroom powder the fat, ash, protein, , moisture and total carbohydrates were as follows 2.5%, 8.1%, 31.5% 3, 73% and 40.8% respectively on dry weight basis. In the case of Moringa powder the fat, ash, protein, and total carbohydrate results were as follows: 6.3%, 9.5%, 33.4%, and 57.63%.
Ox tail powder the results were as follows fat was 14.6%, ash 5.1%, protein 23.7%, total carbohydrates 36.2% and moisture content 4.72%.
Conclusion: Instant oxtail soup supplemented with mushroom and Moringa Leaves can be developed using Oyster mushroom.
Métodos para detectar a doença cárie em populações: uma revisão da literatura
Authors: Castro Ana Luiza Sarno , Mendes Carlos Mauricio Cardeal , Vianna Maria Isabel Pereira 
Published: July 2019

<p><strong>Introdução:</strong> Não existe um consenso quanto ao método mais adequado para a detecção da cárie em populações. Esses métodos são essenciais na produção do conhecimento sobre a doença, na observação da sua distribuição nos diferentes lugares e populações, na investigação dos fatores de risco, bem como no adequado planejamento em saúde bucal.<strong> </strong><strong>Objetivo:</strong> realizar uma revisão de literatura no intuito de atualizar o conhecimento científico produzido sobre este tema nos últimos dez anos de forma a contribuir para a escolha do melhor método para mensurar cárie em populações. <strong>Metodologia:</strong> Foram pesquisados nas bases de dados SciELO e PubMed os descritores, cárie dentária, índice CPO, inquérito epidemiológico de cárie. Dentre os artigos pesquisados, foram selecionados 14 por abordarem diferentes métodos para mensurar a cárie. <strong>Conclusão:</strong> É necessário realizar mais estudos para estabelecer quais métodos devem ser utilizados para mensurar a doença cárie em populações.</p>
Seroepidemiology of hepatitis B in individuals born between1945-1985 on a brazilian regional metropolis
Authors: Simoes Jucara Magalhaes , Schaer Robert Eduard , Bastos Fernanda Anjos , Silva Juvenal Da Encarnação , Trindade Soraya Castro , Meyer Roberto , Paraná Raymundo , Schinoni Maria Isabel , Freire Songeli Menezes 
Published: July 2019

<strong>Introdução:</strong> A prevalência de hepatite B pode ser influenciada pelo comportamento sócio-cultural e a geração Baby Boomer (BB) (1945-1964) pode ter sido mais suscetível a esta infecção. <strong>Objetivos:</strong> Investigar a soroprevalência de marcadores para a infecção pelo VHB e resposta vacinal e associação com fatores de risco. <strong>Metodologia:</strong> Soro de indivíduos de 30 a 70 anos randomicamente selecionados em um laboratório publico de análises clínicas na área metropolitana do Brasil foram testados para AgHBs/ Anti-HBc Total /Anti-HBs/Anti-HBc-IgM. Todos responderam questionário sociodemografico contendo perguntas sobre fatores de risco para hepatite B. <strong>Resultados: </strong>Dos 650 participantes, 349 eram BB (51-70 anos) e 301 eram não-BB (30-50 anos). As prevalências estimadas foram: HBsAg (2,3%), Anti-HBs (27,4%). Entre os Anti-HBc Total (17,1%) apenas 2,7% foram Anti-HBc IgM. Os perfis laboratoriais foram caracterizados como suscetibilidade (68%), resposta vacinal (14,8%) e contato com VHB (17,2%). Na distribuição por idade, os BB foram mais susceptíveis, menos vacinados e apresentaram maior frequência de contato/infecção que os não-BB. Diferenças estatisticamente significantes foram encontradas no status contato/infecção e as seguintes variáveis: sexo masculino, uso de drogas ilícitas, compartilhamento de seringas de vidro/agulhas e transfusão de sangue. Não-BB com status contato/infecção relataram ter mais tatuagem/piercing e BB relataram maior uso de seringas de vidro. <strong>Conclusão:</strong> A maioria da população estudada era suscetível ao VHB, mas os participantes com mais de 50 anos apresentaram tanto uma maior frequência desse status quanto do status contato/infecção, sugerindo a necessidade de maior atenção à saúde para indivíduos desta faixa etária.
Synthesis of β2,2‐Amino Esters via Rh‐Catalysed Regioselective Hydroaminomethylation
Authors: Cunillera Anton , Ruiz Aurora , Godard Cyril 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe synthesis of β2,2‐amino esters was successfully achieved via Rh‐catalysed regioselective hydroaminomethylation of methyl methacrylate with secondary amines using the neutral precursor [Rh(acac)(CO)2]. In this process, the presence of molecular sieves revealed crucial in order to access the final amino ester. For the synthesis of products containing aniline derivatives, the use of the cationic precursor [Rh(COD)2]BF4 and MeCgPPh phosphine as ligand was necessary in a mixture of toluene/DCE as solvent. Effects of the steric and electronic properties of the amines were observed during this study. Interestingly, poisoning effect of CO in the hydrogenation of the imine intermediate was observed when benzyl amine was used.magnified image
Organocatalytic Asymmetric Inverse‐Electron‐Demand Diels‐Alder Reaction of Pyrrolidone‐Dienes with Enals
Authors: Wu Shu‐Xiao , Gu Bo‐Qi , Xu Hui , Zheng Xing , Luo Xiaoyan , Deng Wei‐Ping 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA new pyrrolidone‐diene synthon was devised, and the inverse‐electron‐demand Diels‐Alder reaction of pyrrolidone‐dienes with enals catalyzed by chiral secondary amines has been disclosed. A variety of enantioenriched, multifunctionalized hexahydro‐isoindol‐1‐one derivatives were obtained in good yields (up to 75%) with excellent stereoselectivities (up to >20:1 dr and >99% ee).magnified image