bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conservation and divergence of ancestral AGAMOUS/SEEDSTICK subfamily genes from the basal angiosperm Magnolia wufengensis
Authors: Ma Jiang , Deng Shixin , Jia Zhongkui , Sang Ziyang , Zhu Zhonglong , Zhou Chao , Ma Lvyi , Chen Faju 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAGAMOUS/SEEDSTICK (AG/STK) subfamily genes play crucial roles in the reproductive development of plants. However, most of our current knowledge of AG/STK subfamily genes is restricted to core eudicots and grasses, and the knowledge of ancestral exon–intron structures, expression patterns, protein–protein interaction patterns and functions of AG/STK subfamily genes remains unclear. To determine these, we isolated AG/STK subfamily genes (MawuAG1, MawuAG2 and MawuSTK) from a woody basal angiosperm Magnolia wufengensis (Magnoliaceae). MawuSTK arose from the gene duplication event occurring before the diversification of extant angiosperms, and MawuAG1 and MawuAG2 may result from a gene duplication event occurring before the divergence of Magnoliaceae and Lauraceae. Gene duplication led to apparent diversification in their expression and interaction patterns. It revealed that expression in both stamens and carpels likely represents the ancestral expression profiles of AG lineage genes, and expression of STK-like genes in stamens may have been lost soon after the appearance of the STK lineage. Moreover, AG/STK subfamily proteins may have immediately established interactions with the SEPALLATA (SEP) subfamily proteins following the emergence of the SEP subfamily; however, their interactions with the APETALA1/FRUITFULL subfamily proteins or themselves differ from those found in monocots and basal and core eudicots. MawuAG1 plays highly conserved roles in the determinacy of stamen, carpel and ovule identity, while gene duplication contributed to the functional diversification of MawuAG2 and MawuSTK. In addition, we investigated the evolutionary history of exon–intron structural changes of the AG/STK subfamily, and a novel splice-acceptor mode (GUU-AU) and the convergent evolution of N-terminal extension in the euAG and PLE subclades were revealed for the first time. These results further advance our understanding of ancestral AG/STK subfamily genes in terms of phylogeny, exon–intron structures, expression and interaction patterns, and functions, and provide strong evidence for the significance of gene duplication in the expansion and evolution of the AG/STK subfamily.
The Use of Tai-Chi to Reduce Anxiety Among Nursing Students Undergoing Simulation
Authors: Mulcahy Angela , Holland Brian , Gosselin Kevin , Pittman Alison 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This study sought to examine tai-chi as an anxiety-reducing method to increase self-efficacy and improve performance among baccalaureate nursing students experiencing a patient care simulation. The sample included 63 nursing students enrolled in a traditional or second-degree nursing program. The study used a randomized control group pretest-posttest design. Students in the experimental group experienced significant reductions in cognitive and somatic anxiety, along with an increase in self-efficacy and improved performance. Tai-chi can be an effective technique to reduce anxiety and improve self-efficacy and performance among nursing students in simulations.
Partnering for Success: Development and Implementation of an Interprofessional Community-Academic Navigation Program
Authors: Testut Tammy A. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Sacred Heart University College of Nursing and Western Connecticut Healthcare Network developed an innovative community/academic partnership program known as iCAN (Interprofessional Community-Academic Navigation). The goal was to navigate services for some of the most vulnerable clients in the community. Challenges are inevitable within any partnership, but the team combated challenges and created a successful collaborative student program. Increased awareness into social determinants of health as well as improved client navigation to community services are among the powerful outcomes of this productive partnership.
High Readmission Rates and Mental Distress 1 yr After Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation or Atrial Flutter
Authors: Risom Signe Stelling , Zwisler Ann-Dorthe , Thygesen Lau Caspar , Svendsen Jesper Hastrup , Berg Selina Kikkenborg 
Published: August 2019

Purpose:
Today, catheter ablation is a widely used treatment for atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial flutter (AFL). Knowledge on long-term patient-reported outcomes and readmissions is lacking and is warranted to plan optimal follow-up care. Objectives were to describe patient-reported outcomes including perceived health, quality of life, anxiety, depression, and physical activity compared with an age- and sex-matched reference population without longstanding disease; readmissions and mortality; and factors associated with suboptimal patient-reported outcomes.

Methods:
A nationwide cross-sectional survey mailed to 627 adults 6 to 12 mo after ablation for AF or AFL including; Short Form-36 (SF-36), HeartQoL, Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale, and questions about physical activity. Readmission rates and mortality were obtained and regression analyses were performed.

Results:
Comparing the patient group (response rate: 74%, n = 462) with an age- and sex-matched reference population with no long-lasting disease, differences were found in all subscales of SF-36 and leisure-time physical activity in favor of the reference group (P < .001). Within 1 yr, 411 patients (59%) were readmitted and the total number of readmissions was 1167. Altogether, 227 (33%) patients were electively readmitted and 330 (48%) were acutely readmitted. Ten patients (1.4%) died. Age > 59 yr, female sex, high comorbidity, and readmission were associated with low physical health, low perceived health, and low quality of life.

Conclusions:
Patients treated for AF or AFL experienced decreased mental and physical health and high readmission rates 6 to 12 mo following catheter ablation. Closer multidisciplinary follow-up or cardiac rehabilitation after ablation for AF or AFL may be needed.
Imaging Biomarkers for Dry Eye Disease
Authors: Villani Edoardo , Bonsignore Francesco , Cantalamessa Elisa , Serafino Massimiliano , Nucci Paolo 
Published: August 2019

Abstract:
The clinical, scientific, economic, and regulatory impact of validated biomarkers and surrogate endpoints has the potential to revolutionize the approach to ocular surface diseases. At present, there is a growing interest in developing biomarkers for dry eye disease, and other ocular surface disorders and imaging are of the most promising approaches to this issue. Among the several and constantly evolving imaging technologies, some tools that are aimed to assess tear film stability and volume, meibomian gland morphology and function, and ocular surface microanatomy are now supported by a good body of evidence. To date, clinical trials on ocular surface diseases have slowly started incorporating imaging biomarkers for disease diagnosis and stratification and as surrogate endpoints. Major efforts are still needed, mainly aimed to improve automatic acquisition and quantitative analysis, standardization (standard operating procedures, normative databases etc.), and validation of imaging biomarkers.
Intrasession Repeatability of the Contact Angle Measured Using the Captive Bubble Method and Agreement Assessed Between Different Analysis Software Programs
Authors: Sanchez Irene , Carmona Francisco Javier , Gonzalez-Puertas Sara , Valiente Angela , Martin Raul 
Published: August 2019

Objectives:The material biocompatibility of hydrogel and silicone hydrogel (SiHy) contact lens (CL) is of paramount importance in CL wear because a decrease in CL wettability reduces wearer comfort and increases wearer dropout. The aim of this study is to report on the repeatability and agreement between two different software programs that measure the contact angle with the captive bubble method in marketed CLs, which will help to translate this information into clinical practice.Methods:The contact angle of 23 different CLs was measured with the captive bubble method using 2 software programs: FTÅ200 and ImageJ. Three consecutive measurements were conducted for each CL. Reproducibility, repeatability, and agreement values were calculated according to the British Standards Institute and the International Organization for Standardization.Results:All methods showed good repeatability values in both CL materials (coefficient of variation <1.51%, Sw <2.26°, intraclass correlation coefficient >0.89, and the range of limits of agreement was between 7.22° and 7.57°). Higher concordance was achieved between the spherical and nonspherical options when using FTÅ200 software than when using ImageJ software. Statistically significant differences (P<0.05) between the 2 software programs were found, and they ranged between 5° and 10°.Conclusions:The captive bubble method showed great repeatability in measuring the contact angle in marketed CLs with both software programs (FTÅ200 and ImageJ) assessed in this study. However, differences in the measured contact angles suggest that these techniques are not interchangeable. Therefore, standardization is recommended for contact angle measurement in hydrogel CL materials to facilitate comparisons, to improve clinical use of this information, and to analyze their impact in CL user comfort.
A Comparison of Dressing Techniques for Presurgical Closure of Myelomeningocele in the Neonate
Authors: Cartwright Cathy C. , Igbaseimokumo Usiakimi , Olsen Steven 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Myelomeningoceles are routinely closed surgically within 24 to 48 hours after birth; the defect and exposed placode must be protected from further damage from excoriation and contamination until surgery. PURPOSE: Two methods to keep the defect moist and clean are used at our large Midwestern children's hospital: the occlusive and the drip. There was no agreement between the neonatal and neurosurgical teams as to which technique was superior, hence the need for a formal evaluation. METHODS: A prospective, randomized trial was conducted to compare the ease of nursing care, cost of supplies, neonatal temperature, and moisture of the placode at the time of closure in neonates with a myelomeningocele. RESULTS: Nurses categorized the occlusive group as easy care (100%) compared with 60% for the drip group, although the difference was not statistically significant (P = .18). The mean temperatures of the 2 groups before surgery were identical (36.9°C) in both groups. The cost of the drip was 6 times higher than that of the occlusive technique. The placode was assessed as moist in all 13 cases (100%). CONCLUSION: The occlusive technique was easier to care for by all the nurses and was 6 times more cost effective. Both methods kept the placode moist and did not affect the temperature of the baby.
Lithium-Induced Neurotoxicity: A Case Study
Authors: Schneider Melissa A. , Smith Sonya S. 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND
In patients presenting with neurological deficits, identifying the cause can be challenging.

METHODS
This case study discusses a condition that is not commonly seen.

DISCUSSION
Although lithium toxicity syndrome is not as familiar as other causes of neurological issues, this should be considered for any patient who presents with unexplained neurological deficits and a history of taking this medication.

CONCLUSION
If toxicity is not recognized early, the patient can be left with irreversible neurological symptoms, also known as syndrome of irreversible lithium-effectuated neurotoxicity, which impacts quality of life or can even cause death.
Mothers' Experiences Interacting with Infants after Traumatic Childbirth
Authors: Beck Cheryl Tatano , Watson Sue 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Purpose:
The purpose of this study is to describe experiences of mothers interacting with their infants after traumatic childbirth.

Study Design and Methods:
A descriptive phenomenological method guided by Dahlberg, Dahlberg, and Nystrom's reflective lifeworld research was used. Women were recruited through Trauma and Birth Stress (TABS), a charitable trust in New Zealand, whose mission is to provide support for women who have experienced traumatic childbirth. Data were collected via an electronic survey. Women were asked to describe how their traumatic births affected their caring for and interactions with their infants and any other children they may have.

Results:
Eighteen women representing six countries across the globe participated. Four constituents of mothers' experiences interacting with their infants after traumatic births were identified: feelings of numbness and detachment, crying and anger, distressing cognitive changes, and limited outside social interactions.

Clinical Implications:
To help women struggling with the aftermath of their traumatic birth, nurses first need to identify them. Clinicians need to be attentive to symptoms such as a withdrawn, dazed look, and appearing distanced from their infants. Prior to hospital discharge after childbirth, women should be given opportunities to share their perceptions of their birth to determine if they view it as traumatic. Interventions should be started as soon as possible in this fragile mother–infant dyad to prevent long-term consequences.
Monitoring Procedural Pain and Distress in a Child With Rett Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Swiggum Mary , Grant Lisa 
Published: August 2019

Background and Purpose:Whole body vibration training is a viable option for children with Rett syndrome; however, the positioning requirements and intense vibration may be interpreted as pain.Case:A 13-year-old girl with a diagnosis of Rett syndrome, Stage IV, participated. The Individualized Numeric Rating Scale was developed in collaboration with the caregiver and scored by a physical therapist and student physical therapists during 16 sessions of whole body vibration training.Outcomes:The therapist and students reached 100% agreement on the Individualized Numeric Rating Scale ratings and successfully provided distractions to prevent pain and distress from reaching a level 5 out of 10 for 139 of 144 sessions.Conclusion:This is the first case in the literature to demonstrate use of the Individualized Numeric Rating Scale with a child who is nonverbal during a potentially painful physical therapy procedure.
Comprehensive Three-Dimensional Technology Strategies for Autologous Free Fat Graft in Parry-Romberg Syndrome
Authors: Kim Min Ji , Jeong Woo Shik , Jeon Dong Nyuk , Choi Jong Woo , Kim Don Han 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Autologous free fat graft is a widely accepted method of facial contour restoration in Parry-Romberg syndrome (PRS); however, complex and unpredictable facial anatomy can render this surgery extremely challenging. The integration of 3-dimensional (3D) technology strategies as a method to enhance surgical aesthetic outcomes has been demonstrated.
A retrospective chart review was performed for PRS with autologous, free fat graft between 2016 and 2017. Based on 3D volumetric facial analysis and presurgical simulation, a 3D printed fat graft guide was produced. Surgical outcomes were analyzed by volumetric measurements of the upper, middle, and lower face segments.
A total of 9 patients were included in the study. Their upper and middle facial volumes before and after the procedures showed statistically significant volume augmentation (upper face, P = 0.004; middle face, P = 0.002) 6 months postoperatively (T1). Facial asymmetry was also statistically significantly corrected (middle face P = 0.012; lower face P = 0.025) at 1 year after the procedure (T2).
The advantageous application of 3D comprehensive technology for aesthetic improvements in patients with PRS with autologous, free fat graft treatment has been demonstrated. Precise preoperative planning based on simulations and postoperative 3D volumetric analyses can help adequately predict fat graft strategies.
Optimal Fixation Location in Intraoral Reduction Malarplasty Using an L-Shaped Osteotomy
Authors: Kim Jin Woo , Hwang Woosuk 
Published: August 2019

Background:
Reduction malarplasty, popular among Asians, is currently performed preferably via the intraoral approach. However, to prevent complications such as malunion and cheek drooping, a rigid fixation is essential to compensate for the action of the masseter. Accordingly, the authors aimed to perform an experimental study on the optimal fixation location during intraoral reduction malarplasty using an L-shaped osteotomy.

Methods:
Fixation points that are not difficult to access during an L-shaped osteotomy were selected as 1 point in the freed zygomaticomaxillary complex and 3 points in the medial part of the malar complex (low, middle, and high levels).
After setting the fixation points in the medial malar complex and lateral segment of skull replicates, resistance to traction was measured at each level, and maxillary bone thickness was also measured at each level at the fixation points of the medial malar complex in a cadaveric head.

Results:
In the medial malar complex, resistance to traction increased at higher levels, while the maxillary bone was much thicker at the high level than at the low-middle level.

Conclusion:
This study demonstrated that it is better to locate the fixation point at a higher level in the medial part of the malar complex, closer to the lateral orbital rim.
Adjuvant Chemotherapy Versus Observation Following Resection for Patients With Nonmetastatic Poorly Differentiated Colorectal Neuroendocrine Carcinomas
Authors: Mao Rui , Li Kan , Cai Jian-Qiang , Luo Sheng , Turner Megan , Blazer Dan , Zhao Hong 
Published: August 2019

Objective:
The aim of this study was to determine whether adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) provides a survival benefit in patients with nonmetastatic poorly differentiated colorectal neuroendocrine carcinomas (CRNECs) following resection.

Background:
There is little evidence to support the association between use of AC and improved overall survival (OS) in patients with CRNECs.

Methods:
Patients with resected non-metastatic CRNECs were identified in the National Cancer Database (2004–2014). Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) method was used to reduce the selection bias. IPTW-adjusted Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models were used to compare OS of patients in different treatment groups.

Results:
A total of 806 patients diagnosed between 2004 and 2014 met the study entry criteria. Of these, 394 patients (48.9%) received AC. IPTW-adjusted Kaplan-Meier curves showed that median OS was significantly longer for AC versus observation [57.4 (interquartile range, IQR, 14.8–153.8) vs 38.2 (IQR, 10.4–125.4) months; P = 0.007]. In IPTW-adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, AC was associated with a significant OS benefit [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.73, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.64–0.84; P < 0.001]. The results were consistent across subgroups stratified by pathologic T stage, pathologic N stage, and surgical margin status. Subgroup analysis according to tumor location demonstrated improved OS in the adjuvant therapy cohort among patients with left-sided neuroendocrine carcinomas (HR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.44–0.68), but not in those with right-sided disease (HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.74–1.07).

Conclusions:
Patients with nonmetastatic CRNECs may derive survival benefit from AC. These findings support current guidelines recommending AC in patients with poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas in the colon and rectum. Efforts in education and adherence to national guidelines for NECs are needed.
Cell motion as a stochastic process controlled by focal contacts dynamics
Authors: Lo Vecchio Simon , Thiagarajan Raghavan , Caballero David , Vigon Vincent , Navoret Laurent , Voituriez Raphaël , Riveline Daniel 
Published: August 2019

SUMMARYDirected cell motion is essential in physiological and pathological processes such as morphogenesis, wound healing and cancer spreading. Chemotaxis has often been proposed as the driving mechanism, even though evidence of long-range gradients is often lacking in vivo. By patterning adhesive regions in space, we control cell shape and the associated potential to move along one direction in another mode of migration coined ratchetaxis. We report that focal contacts distributions collectively dictate cell directionality, and bias is non-linearly increased by gap distance between adhesive regions. Focal contact dynamics on micro-patterns allow to integrate these phenomena in a consistent model where each focal contact can be translated into a force with known amplitude and direction, leading to quantitative predictions for cell motion in every condition. Altogether, our study shows how local and minutes timescale dynamics of focal adhesions and their distribution lead to long term cellular motion with simple geometric rules.
Rampant loss of social traits during domestication of aBacillus subtilisnatural isolate
Authors: Barreto Hugo C. , Cordeiro Tiago N. , Henriques Adriano O. , Gordo Isabel 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMost well-studied bacteria have been domesticated to some extent. How fast can a natural isolate diverge from its ancestral phenotypes under domestication to a novel laboratory environment is poorly known. Yet such information is key to understand rates of evolution, the time scale at which a natural isolate can be propagated without loss of its natural adaptive traits and the reliability of experimental results across labs. Using experimental evolution, phenotypic assays and whole-genome sequencing, we show that within a week of propagation in a common laboratory environment, a natural isolate ofBacillus subtilisacquires mutations that cause changes in a multitude of traits. A single adaptive mutational step, in the gene coding for the transcriptional regulator DegU, impairs a DegU-dependent positive autoregulatory loop and leads to loss of robust biofilm architecture, impaired swarming motility, reduced secretion of exoproteases and changes in the dynamics of sporulation across environments. Importantly, domestication also resulted in improved survival when the bacteria face pressure from cells of the innate immune system. These results show thatdegUis a key target for mutations during domestication and also underscore the importance of performing careful and extremely short-term propagations of natural isolates to conserve the traits encoded in their original genomes.SummaryDomestication is the process by which organisms are selected to live in specific conditions and an important phenomenon that shapes the evolution and variation in many animals and plants. In microbes, domestication is also a key driver of adaptation. It can be beneficial, when improving microbes abilities that are important for biotechnology, but also problematic, especially when studying microbe-host interactions and the microbe’s natural behavior. Using a natural isolate ofBacillus subtilis, we determined the speed and genetic basis of microbial domestication using experimental evolution. Within one week of growth in the common laboratory media, mutations in the pleiotropic transcriptional regulator, DegU, emerge and spread in the populations. These lead to loss of social traits, increased resistance to bacteriophages and increased survival in the presence of macrophages. The data highlights the extreme caution that is needed when culturing natural microbial isolates and may help explain why some key microbial social traits and behaviors may differ between different laboratories, even when studying the same strains.