bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synergy within the West African Triple Helix innovation systems as measured with game theory
Authors: Mêgnigbêto Eustache 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
University, industry and government relationships, known under the Triple Helix, have been studied under various aspects. The West African region and countries have been analysed with mutual information and transmission power, two information theory-based indicators. The purpose of this paper is to portray the landscape of West African Triple Helix innovation systems using three main game theory indicators (core, Shapley value and nucleolus) with the objective to measure the synergy within the selected innovation systems.

Design/methodology/approach
The collaboration between university, industry and government is modelled as a three-person coalitional game. Bibliographical data of selected countries were collected from Web of Science and organised according to collaboration patterns between the three actors. The characteristic functions of the games were computed, the cores plotted, the Shapley values and the nucleoli computed.

Findings
Either university or government has more power to create and lead to synergy; government shows solidarity towards university and industry in most of countries; and they are joined in their efforts by industry in two countries. The core exists in all the countries meaning that all the selected innovation systems present synergy; however, the extent is limited and varies over countries.

Research limitations/implications
Innovation includes all research products; however, this study focuses on publications only.

Originality/value
Synergy within a Triple Helix innovation system is studied up to now with information theory indicators. The paper portrays the landscape of West African Triple Helix innovation systems using three main game theory indicators: the core, the Shapley value and the nucleolus and gives a new way to study university, industry and government relationships.
Is love really blind? The effect of emotional brand attachment on the perceived risk of really new products
Authors: Aboulnasr Khaled , Tran Gina A. 
Published: July 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of emotional brand attachment in consumers’ evaluation of new products that represent technological innovation.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative study was conducted using survey data from a nationally representative probability sample of US consumers (n= 624) to understand the role of emotional brand attachment in the context of consumers’ evaluation of really new products (RNPs). A framework was developed and tested using structural equation modeling that included emotional brand attachment, brand trust, product incongruity, product familiarity, perceived risk, willingness to try, product evaluation and word-of-mouth intentions.FindingsThe results support the role of emotional brand attachment in the diffusion of RNPs. Specifically, results indicated that increased brand attachment reduces consumers’ perceived risk associated with a RNP and increases brand trust. Both constructs played a key role in shaping willingness to try the innovation, word-of-mouth intentions and product evaluation. Findings of this paper add explanatory power to demand-prediction models that more accurately describe the mechanism of the innovation adoption process. For marketing managers, the results emphasize the importance of consumer–brand emotional connections.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper used a cross-sectional design; it would be interesting to use a longitudinal design to examine if the role of emotional brand attachment changes over time and how the changes might impact consumers’ perceptions and behaviors in the context of RNPs.Originality/valueThis is the first paper to explore the role of emotional brand attachment in the context of RNPs and consumers’ potential behavioral outcomes.
Multiple slip effects on MHD non-Newtonian nanofluid flow over a nonlinear permeable elongated sheet
Authors: Raza Jawad , Farooq Mushayydha , Mebarek-Oudina Fateh , Mahanthesh B. 
Published: July 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the interaction effects of a transverse magnetic field and slip effects of Casson fluid with suspended nanoparticles over a nonlinear stretching surface. Mathematical modeling for the law of conservation of mass, momentum, heat and concentration of nanoparticles is executed.Design/methodology/approachGoverning nonlinear partial differential equations are reduced into nonlinear ordinary differential equations and then shooting method is employed for its solution. The slope of the linear regression line of the data points is calculated to measure the rate of increase/decrease in the reduced Nusselt number.FindingsThe effects of magnetic parameter (0=M=4), Casson parameter (0.1=β<8), nonlinear stretching parameter (0=n=3) and porosity parameter (0=P=6) on axial velocity are shown graphically. Numerical results were compared with another numerical approach and an excellent agreement was observed. This study reveals the fact that the Brownian motion parameter and boundary layer thickness have a direct relationship with temperature. Also, Brownian motion and thermophoresis contribute to an increase in the thermal boundary layer thickness.Originality/valueDespite the immense significance and repeated employment of non-Newtonian fluids in industry and science, no attempt has been made up till now to inspect the Casson nanofluid flow with a permeable nonlinear stretching surface.
Antioxidative effect of drumstick (Moringa oleifera L.) flower on the quality and stability of goat meat nuggets
Authors: Verma Arun Kumar , Rajkumar Vincentraju , Kumar M. Suman , Jayant Shiv Kumar 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to explore the application of drumstick (Moringa oleifera) flower (DF) as a functional antioxidative ingredient in goat meat product.

Design/methodology/approach
Dried DF was included in the product formulation at 1% (Treatment I) and 2% (Treatment II) levels. The physicochemical, colour, textural and sensory quality as well as storage stability of nuggets with DF were determined against control.

Findings
The dried DF was found to be rich source of protein and dietary fibre, possessing good antioxidant potential. Chromatographic analysis of DF extract showed presence of 14 active principles known to have antioxidative properties. Inclusion of dried DF decreased pH values of emulsion (p = 0.005) as well as nuggets (p < 0.001) and increased (p < 0.001) the ash, dietary fibre and phenolic contents. The added DF affected the product’s lightness (p = 0.017), yellowness (p < 0.001, hardness (p < 0.001), adhesiveness (p = 0.032), cohesiveness (p = 0.006), gumminess and chewiness (p < 0.001). Sensory characteristics of control and product with DF were statistically similar except low (p = 0.002) flavour score for Treatment II. DF inclusion lowered (p < 0.001) thiobarbituric acid reactive substances number and total plate count.

Research limitations/implications
DF can be used as a source of antioxidants and dietary fibre in goat meat nuggets to enhance their health value, functionality and storage stability.

Originality/value
Foods including goat meat nuggets enriched with goodness of functional ingredients like dietary fibre and natural antioxidants are gaining consumer’s preference globally. Inclusion of drumstick flower in goat meat nuggets significantly increases the dietary fibre and antioxidants making such products healthier and more stable. Consumption of goat meat nuggets added with drumstick flower is expected to improve consumer’s well-being as well.
The presence of citizen science in sustainability reporting
Authors: Millar Edward , Searcy Cory 
Published: July 2019

PurposeOngoing environmental threats have intensified the need for firms to take big leaps forward to operate in a manner that is both ecologically sustainable and socially responsible. This paper aims to assess the degree to which firms are adopting citizen science as a tool to achieve sustainability and social responsibility targets.Design/methodology/approachThis study applies a qualitative content analysis approach to assess the current presence of citizen science in sustainability and social responsibility reports issued by Globescan sustainability leaders and by firms ranked by the Fortune 500 and Fortune Global 500.FindingsWhile the term itself is mostly absent from reports, firms are reporting on a range of activities that could be classified as a form of “citizen science.”Practical implicationsCitizen science can help firms achieve their corporate sustainability and corporate social responsibility goals and targets. Linking sustainability and social responsibility efforts to this existing framework can help triangulate corporate efforts to engage with stakeholders, collect data about the state of the environment and promote better stewardship of natural resources.Social implicationsSupporting citizen science can help firms work toward meeting UN Sustainable Development Goals, which have highlighted the importance of collaborative efforts that can engage a broad range of stakeholders in the transition to more sustainable business models.Originality/valueThis paper is the first to examine citizen science in a corporate sustainability and social responsibility context. The findings present information to support improvements to the development of locally relevant science-based indicators; real-time monitoring of natural resources and supply chain sustainability; and participatory forums for stakeholders including suppliers, end users and the broader community.
Executive Environmental Law
Authors: Fisher Elizabeth 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe Draft Environment (Principles and Governance) Bill published by DEFRA in late 2018 is part of a process of reimagining environmental law in light of Brexit. The Draft Bill creates frameworks for policy statements on environmental principles and environmental implementation plans, as well as creating a new enforcement body – the Office for Environmental Protection. This Draft Bill is, at the very least, an ineffectual response to the challenges of environmental law post‐Brexit. More alarmingly, it raises the possibility of a legal future in which the executive dominates how the norms, ambitions, and accountabilities of environmental law are defined. These are matters of concern for environmental and public lawyers alike.
Reason‐Giving in Administrative Law: Where are We and Why have the Courts not Embraced the ‘General Common Law Duty to Give Reasons’?
Authors: Bell Joanna 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis article has two aims. Firstly, it explores a body of modern challenges to administrative reason‐giving, decided in the five‐year period 2014–2018. Three main themes are drawn out: outright failures to give reasons now seem to be a rare occurrence; a number of considerations help to ensure that at least an outline of reasons is usually offered by decision‐makers; common law fairness plays a limited role in testing the adequacy of reasons. Secondly, it addresses the question of why the courts have not embraced a ‘general common law duty to give reasons.’ Four factors are discussed: doubts that introducing a general duty would add something of substance to the law; difficulties inherent in developing a general formulation of the reasons required; weaknesses in the ‘hortatory’ case for a general duty and weaker commitment on the part of judges than academics to generality as a central feature of administrative law doctrine.
Efficacy of uric acid‐lowering therapy on hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia in gouty patients
Authors: Wu Jing , Zhang Yu‐Ping , Qu Yuan , Jie Li‐Gang , Deng Jia‐Xin , Yu Qing‐Hong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimTo investigate the effects on hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia in gouty patients receiving uric acid‐lowering therapy (UALT).MethodsA retrospective study was performed from January 2015 to December 2017 in gouty patients receiving UALT. A total of 124 gouty patients with hypercholesterolemia or hypertriglyceridemia who were administered UALT were monitored. Of the 124 patients with gout, 52 were treated with febuxostat, 29 were treated with allopurinol, and 43 were treated with benzbromarone. Cholesterol and triglyceride levels were recorded and analyzed following treatment for 8‐10 weeks.ResultsWe compared the efficacy of febuxostat, allopurinol, and benzbromarone. All therapies mildly influenced serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Febuxostat significantly decreased cholesterol and triglyceride levels in patients who did not receive lipid‐lowering therapy. Allopurinol and benzbromarone modestly decreased triglyceride levels, but cholesterol levels were unaffected.ConclusionUric acid‐lowering therapy benefits hyperlipidemia in gouty patients. Febuxostat effectively improved serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels compared to allopurinol and benzbromarone in patients with gout.
Teaching medical students digital rectal examination: a randomized study of simulated model vs rectal examination volunteers
Authors: Patel Manish I. , Kakala Benedict , Beattie Kieran 
Published: July 2019

ObjectivesTo determine if using a digital rectal examination (DRE) human volunteer improves medical students’ confidence in performing DRE in comparison to using a simulated model alone.Participants and MethodsMedical students underwent randomization into one of two groups: a control group who underwent standard teaching and an intervention group who underwent standard teaching plus further tuition involving a DRE volunteer. Standard teaching involved a 30‐min lecture and a practice DRE on a simulation model. The intervention group additionally observed a tutor demonstrating DRE on a volunteer, then conducted a DRE themselves under supervision. Before and after teaching, both groups completed a survey comprised of three questions. The primary endpoint was confidence in performing a DRE, which was assessed according to the sum of the scores from the three questions.ResultsIn total, 48 students were randomized, 22 to the control group and 26 to the intervention group. The groups were well matched prior to teaching DRE (P = 0.76) After the DRE tutorial, students in the intervention group were more confident in knowing the indications for DRE (P = 0.001), more confident in their technique for performing DRE (P < 0.001) and more confident in their ability to assess findings accurately at DRE (P < 0.001). The primary outcome measure, overall confidence (sum of the scores from all three questions) in performing DRE, was significantly better in the intervention group (score 10/15 vs 14/15; P < 0.001).ConclusionThis study showed that teaching DRE with the assistance of volunteer patients improves inexperienced students’ confidence in performing DRE, and the incorporation of such training should be considered in the DRE education programme.
Discrimination and Sleep Mediate Ethnic/Racial Identity and Adolescent Adjustment: Uncovering Change Processes With Slope‐as‐Mediator Mediation
Authors: Yip Tiffany , Cham Heining , Wang Yijie , El‐Sheikh Mona 
Published: July 2019

This study employs slope‐as‐mediator techniques to explore how the daily association between ethnic/racial discrimination and sleep disturbances serves as an intermediary link between ethnic/racial identity (ERI) and psychological adjustment. In a diverse sample of 264 adolescents (Mage = 14.3 years old, 70% female, 76% United States born, 25% African American, 32% Asian American, 43% Latinx), discrimination was associated with sleep disturbance. Furthermore, ERI commitment buffered the impact of discrimination on sleep, whereas ERI exploration exacerbated the impact of discrimination. Finally, the daily level association between discrimination and sleep (i.e., daily slope) mediated the association between ERI and adolescent adjustment. Substantive links between discrimination and sleep are discussed as well as broader applications of slope‐as‐mediator techniques.
Elevated levels of hsa_circ_006100 in gastric cancer promote cell growth and metastasis via miR‐195/GPRC5A signalling
Authors: Liang Min , Huang Guanqun , Liu Zhaoyu , Wang Qi , Yu Zhongjian , Liu Zhile , Lin Hai , Li Ming , Zhou Xinke , Zheng Yanfang 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectivesCircular RNAs (circRNAs) are non‐coding RNAs, some of which are thought to be involved in gastric cancer development. Here, we examined the functions of circRNA hsa_circ_006100 in gastric cancer cells and an animal model of gastric cancer.Materials and MethodsThe expression of hsa_circ_006100, miR‐195 and various functional genes was determined by quantitative RT‐PCR. Cell viability, clone formation, apoptosis and cell migration/invasion abilities were analysed by the CCK‐8 assay, crystal violet staining, Hoechst staining and Transwell assay, respectively. A tumour model was established by subcutaneously injecting tumour cells into nude mice. Levels of protein expression were analysed by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry.ResultsA bioinformatics analysis showed that miR‐195 was negatively co‐expressed with hsa_circ_006100. Patients with a high hsa_circ_006100 level or low miR‐195 level had tumours with a high TNM stage, poor cellular differentiation and lymph node metastasis. miR‐195 was targeted and inhibited by hsa_circ_006100. Overexpression of hsa_circ_006100 enhanced cellular viability and proliferation, while miR‐195 suppressed hsa_circ_006100‐enhanced cell growth and induced apoptosis in MGC‐803 and AGS cells. Forced hsa_circ_006100 expression promoted the migration and invasion of MGC‐803 and AGS cells, while those activities were inhibited by miR‐195. Mechanistically, GPRC5A was predicted as a target of miR‐195 and was upregulated in gastric cancer. A miR‐195 inhibitor restored cell viability, proliferation, migration and invasion, and repressed apoptosis via GPRC5A. In vivo studies showed that knockdown of hsa_circ_006100 delayed tumour growth, reduced PCNA expression and upregulated miR‐195 and BCL‐2 expression which was restored by miR‐195 inhibition due to GPRC5A/EGFR signalling, and changed the EMT phenotype in vivo.ConclusionsHsa_circ_006100 functions as an oncogene in gastric cancer and exerts its effects via miR‐195/GPRC5A signalling.
Prescription drug monitoring programs and drug overdose deaths involving benzodiazepines and prescription opioids
Authors: Liang Di , Shi Yuyan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackground and AimsIn the US, benzodiazepine overdose deaths increased at an alarming rate in the past two decades. Benzodiazepines were also the most common drugs involved in prescription opioid overdose deaths. Benzodiazepine prescribing has been monitored by Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs (PDMPs), but little was known about whether PDMPs reduced drug overdose deaths involving benzodiazepines.Design and MethodsThis study used a difference‐in‐difference design with state‐quarter aggregate data on drug overdose deaths. The primary data source was Mortality Multiple Cause Files in 1999–2016. Three age‐adjusted rates of drug overdose deaths were examined, including those involving benzodiazepines, those involving prescription opioids, and those involving both benzodiazepines and prescription opioids. The policy variables included PDMP data access for benzodiazepines and mandatory use of PDMP data for benzodiazepines. Linear multivariable regressions were used to assess the associations of PDMP policies specific to benzodiazepines with drug overdose death rates, controlling for other state‐level policy and socioeconomic factors, state and time fixed effects, and state‐specific time trends.ResultsNo significant associations were found between PDMP data access for benzodiazepines and changes in drug overdose death rates involving benzodiazepines and/or prescription opioids. Similarly, no significant associations were found between mandatory use of PDMP data for benzodiazepines and changes in drug overdose death outcomes.Discussion and ConclusionsThis study suggested no evidence that PDMP policies specific to benzodiazepines were associated with reduction in benzodiazepine overdose death rates. Future research is warranted to examine detailed features of PDMPs and continuously monitor the impacts of PDMP policies on benzodiazepine‐related consequences.
Missing in action: Insights from an exploratory ethnographic observation study of alcohol in everyday UK community pharmacy practice
Authors: Morris Stephanie , Madden Mary , Gough Brendan , Atkin Karl , Mccambridge Jim 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIntroduction and AimsThis paper reports on an exploratory ethnographic observation study which aimed to understand how alcohol fits into routine service provision in the New Medicine Service (NMS), Medication Use Reviews (MUR) and pharmacists’ everyday practices in UK community pharmacies.Design and MethodsObservations were undertaken in five community pharmacies featuring nine community pharmacists. This involved observation of 16 MURs and 15 NMS consultations and informal interviews with pharmacists as they conducted their work. Fieldnotes were subjected to a constructionist thematic analysis.ResultsPharmacists were underprepared and unconfident in discussing alcohol in medicine consultations. Most pharmacists raised alcohol consumption in the MUR and NMS as part of a ‘lifestyle check’. They reported that alcohol was difficult to raise, and to discuss and that people were reluctant to talk about their drinking. Their main concern was that raising the topic would alienate customers.Discussion and ConclusionsThese findings raise questions regarding a range of issues about how pharmacists discuss alcohol in medicines consultations, why they lack a clear sense of purpose in doing so and therefore where alcohol fits into UK community pharmacy practice.