bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterisation and Clinical Relevance of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Primary Biliary Cholangitis
Authors: Chu Hongyu , Li Yanni , Yang Hui , Liu Yuhang , Zheng Rongrong , Zhang Xue , Wang Xiaoyi , Zhao Jingwen , Zhang Yujie , Wang Quan , Ran Ying , Guo Liping , Zhou Simin , Liu Man , Song Wenjing , Wang Bangmao , Li Long , Zhou Lu 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsThe pathological characteristics of lymphocyte infiltration in the hepatic portal tracts of patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) remain unclear. Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are ectopic lymphoid tissues associated with the exacerbation of autoimmune reactions. Here, we evaluate the role of TLSs in PBC and investigate their potential therapeutic value.MethodsWe recruited 75 patients with PBC and 53 control patients with liver biopsies who were followed more than 2 years. TLSs and their maturity were identified by the amount and spatial distribution of immune cells. Bulk RNA sequencing of liver was performed in PBC patients with different TLS maturity. The sphingosine‐1‐phosphate receptor (S1PRs) modulator FTY720 was administered to dnTGFβRII mice to assess the role of TLSs on cholangitis.ResultsTLSs presented in 61.3% (46/75) of liver tissues from patients with PBC, including 26 patients with mature TLS (mTLS) and 20 patients with immature TLS (imTLS). The proportion of mTLS was higher in PBC compared with chronic hepatitis B and autoimmune hepatitis. PBC patients with mTLS exhibited the highest serum levels of biochemical indicators, immune globulin and proportions of liver cirrhosis. Gene sets for lymphocyte migration and chemokine signalling pathways were enriched in patients with PBC presenting with TLS. FTY720 inhibited TLS formation and relieved cholangitis and fibrosis in dnTGFβRII mice.ConclusionTLSs are characteristics of lymphocyte accumulation in the portal tracts of PBC, of which the maturity of TLSs correlates with the inflammation and fibrosis of PBC. Targeting TLSs formation is a potential treatment of PBC.
The role of individual learner differences in explicit language instruction
Authors: Roehr‐Brackin Karen , Baranowska Karolina , Pavlekovic Renato , Scheffler Paweł 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAptitude–treatment interaction (ATI) research is of both theoretical and practical interest to second language (L2) learning, since it provides insights into the processes linking learner‐internal individual difference factors and learner‐external contextual variables including instructional approach—variables that jointly determine L2 outcomes. The present study employed a full range of aptitude measures mapped onto four explicit instructional conditions: auditory inductive, written inductive, mixed inductive, and mixed deductive. International volunteers (N = 136) completed online language lessons in beginners’ Polish targeting two morphological features. Participants’ phonetic and language‐analytic abilities, level of multilingualism, and age predicted L2 achievement. A cluster analysis identified four learner profiles: high aptitude, low aptitude, memory oriented, and analytically oriented. Deductive instruction seemed to neutralise individual differences in aptitude, while ATI effects were observed in the single‐modality conditions, with auditory input favouring high‐aptitude learners and written input favouring high‐aptitude, analytically oriented, and memory‐oriented learners. We discuss the theoretical and practical import of these findings by highlighting the “capital” afforded by prior language learning experience, over and above the role of cognitive ability. In addition to the inductive–deductive contrast in explicit instruction, we emphasise the importance of input modality, which has hitherto been neglected in the field.
Efficacy and safety of laparoscopic bariatric surgery in patients of 70 years and older: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Kapała Jan , Maroszczuk Tomasz , Dowgiałło‐Gornowicz Natalia 
Published: November 2024

SummaryIntroductionAging population and growing obesity prevalence are two major public health issues. Bariatric surgery has been shown to be both safe and effective, but its role in the treatment of the elderly remains controversial.ObjectivesTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of laparoscopic bariatric surgery in patients over 70 years of age.MethodsA systematic review and assessment of the literature was performed in November–December 2023. Inclusion criteria gathered studies of elderly (age ≥70 years old) who underwent laparoscopic bariatric surgery. The data extraction focused on weight loss, obesity‐related diseases, and complications.ResultsFourteen retrospective studies were included, involving 3923 septuagenarians (female, 69.70%). One year after the surgery, the mean excess weight loss was 54.66%. At last follow‐up, the improvement in obesity‐related diseases was regarded as 50% diagnosed with diabetes, 36% with hypertension, 50% with reflux, 36% with sleep apnea, and 25% with hyperlipidemia. The overall postoperative major morbidity and mortality were about 2% and 1%, respectively.ConclusionsThis systematic review suggests that laparoscopic bariatric surgery is an effective and safe treatment for patients over 70 years of age.
Visual hallucinations in psychosis: What do people actually see?
Authors: Aynsworth Charlotte , Waite Felicity , Sargeant Samuel , Humpston Clara , Dudley Robert 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundOne in three people with psychosis experience visions. However, little is known about what people see, and current treatments have limited benefits.ObjectivesTo improve the understanding and treatment of visions, this study explored the phenomenology of visions in people with psychosis.MethodsTwelve people with psychosis participated in semi‐structured interviews. Reflective thematic analysis was used.ResultsThree main themes were generated covering important aspects of phenomenology: ‘Content’, ‘Coherence’ and ‘Quality’. The first theme ‘Content: People see people’, demonstrated that the most distressing visions were of people. The second theme ‘Coherence: Visions of people who behave like people’, captured how visions were coherent with real human behaviour, often by being multimodal experiences that spoke to and touched the observer. The third theme, ‘Quality: They look too real’ highlighted the compelling sense of authenticity of the visions, making them indistinguishable from reality.ConclusionVisions represent what we expect to see in everyday life: people, who act and look real. This powerful combination provides insight into the absorbing and all‐encompassing nature of visions and their impact on participant's lives. The framework of ‘Content’, ‘Coherence’ and ‘Quality’ provides guidance to support clinicians and researchers to better explore the phenomenology of visions in psychosis.
A qualitative study exploring children and young people's experiences of cognitive therapy for PTSD delivered within the context of a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Allen Leila , Fox Andrew , Copello Alexandre , Meiser‐Stedman Richard , Morant Nicola 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectives and DesignThis qualitative study aimed to explore the treatment experiences of children and young people with Post‐traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms, participating in a randomised controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of Cognitive‐Therapy for PTSD (CT‐PTSD).MethodsThirteen participants aged between 12 and 18 years old, who had all experienced multiple trauma and had undertaken CT‐PTSD, were interviewed.ResultsUsing thematic analysis, three key themes were identified: ‘Desire for difference’, ‘Journey of becoming able to talk about trauma’ and ‘Positive changes and increased ability to cope’. Prior to the study, participants described experiencing difficult emotions and avoided talking about their traumatic experiences. Participants reported wanting to get the right help and valued the opportunity to help others. Talking about trauma during treatment was perceived as difficult and emotionally draining, however participants reported a sense of relief and that it became easier over time, helping them to make sense of their traumatic experiences. This was facilitated by the therapeutic relationship, their involvement in decision making and the use of written tasks. All participants reported positive changes, both in themselves and in their ability to talk to others about their traumatic experiences.ConclusionEngaging in CT‐PTSD and talking about traumatic experiences can be empowering for young people and allows them the opportunity to process their trauma leading to increased ability to cope.
Genome‐Wide Association Study Identifies the Serine/Threonine Kinase ClSIK1 for Low Nitrogen Tolerance in Watermelon Species
Authors: Zhang Kejia , Yang Qinrong , Bo Yongming , Zhou Yimei , Liao Nanqiao , Lyu Xiaolong , Yang Jinghua , Hu Zhongyuan , Zhang Mingfang 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTPlants have evolved multiple complex mechanisms enabling them to adapt to low nitrogen (LN) stress via increased nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) as nitrogen deficiency in soil is a major factor limiting plant growth and development. However, the adaptive process and evolutionary roles of LN tolerance‐related genes in plants remain largely unknown. In this study, we resequenced 191 watermelon accessions and examined their phenotypic differences related to LN tolerance. A major gene ClSIK1 encoding a serine/threonine protein kinase involved in the response to LN stress was identified on chromosome 11 using genome‐wide association study and RNA‐Seq analysis. According to a functional analysis, ClSIK1 overexpression can increase the root area, total biomass, NUE and LN tolerance by manipulating multiple nitrogen‐metabolized genes. Interestingly, the desirable LN‐tolerant haplotype ClSIK1HapC was detected in only one wild relative (Citrullus mucosospermus) and likely gradually lost during watermelon domestication and improvement. This study clarified the regulatory effects of ClSIK1 on NUE and adaptations to LN stress, which also identifying valuable haplotypes‐resolved gene variants for molecular design breeding of ‘green’ watermelon varieties highly tolerant to LN stress.
The relationship between personal networks of parents and children's behavioral and school‐related problems in family interventions
Authors: Fellmann Lukas 
Published: November 2024

AbstractStudies in the field of child welfare services have shown that children's externalizing problems are linked to the immediate social relationships in which they are embedded. However, most studies that examined this association focused on specific dyads or general social support, ignoring more diverse and complex patterns of relationships in which children are embedded. Therefore, this study used Social Network Analysis to analyze how compositional and structural properties of parents' personal networks predict externalizing problems of children in vulnerable family contexts. The sample consists of 70 parents who were enrolled in a home‐based family intervention in Switzerland. A hierarchical cluster analysis revealed three clusters based on the network composition: mixed, child‐oriented, and family of orientation. Child behavior problems were associated with the network clusters; school‐related problems, on the other hand, were additionally linked with support density in the personal networks of parents. The results show that children in vulnerable families are embedded in diverse network compositions and relational structures, which influence their externalizing problems in different ways.
Permeability of postzygotic barriers: embryology of a partially fertile Epidendrum (Orchidaceae) hybrid
Authors: Alves M. F. , Pinheiro F. , da Silva Graciano D. , De Toni K. L. G. , Baumgratz J. F. A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Hybrid zones offer unique insight into reproductive barriers and plant speciation mechanisms. This study investigated postzygotic reproductive isolation in the natural hybrid Epidendrum × purpureum, which occurs in sympatry with its parent species, Epidendrum denticulatum and E. orchidiflorum.
We examined the development of male and female gametophytes and the events leading to seed formation in this hybrid zone. Floral buds and flowers from E. × purpureum individuals were collected at various stages of development. Both self‐pollination and backcrosses between hybrids and parental species were performed to follow ovule and seed development up to 60 days after pollination. The material was analysed using optical and confocal microscopy.
In most hybrids, microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis occur regularly, forming viable male gametophytes. Non‐viable male gametophytes were also observed and are the result of symmetrical mitotic division. The development of the female gametophyte occurs after self‐pollination, and proceeds regularly, resulting in a reduced female gametophyte. Embryo development in the parental species occurs without abnormalities, while in backcrosses between hybrids and parental species, most embryos degenerate.
Embryo degeneration in the crosses between hybrids can be explained by genetic incompatibilities. The co‐occurrence of viable embryos and degenerating embryos in backcrosses between hybrids and parental species point to incomplete postzygotic reproductive barriers between the hybrid and the progenitors. Our findings suggest that E. × purpureum could facilitate gene flow between parental species, as much of its embryological development occurs without abnormalities.
Opioid analgesic and antidepressant use during pregnancy and the risk of spontaneous preterm birth: A nested case–control study
Authors: Padilla‐Azain Maria C. , Osmundson Sarah S. , Bosworth Olivia , Wiese Andrew , Pham Amelie , Leech Ashley A. , Spieker Andrew J. , Grijalva Carlos G. , Adgent Margaret A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundGiven the high prevalence of both mental health and acute pain conditions during pregnancy, use of antidepressants and analgesic opioids in this period is widespread. Whether single and combined use of these medications is associated with spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) remains unclear.ObjectivesTo investigate the association between maternal prescription opioid and antidepressant medication exposures for co‐occurring mental health and acute pain management, either alone or in combination, and sPTB.MethodsWe used Tennessee Medicaid data (2007–2019) linked to birth certificates to conduct a nested case–control study among 15‐ to 44‐year‐old pregnant patients with singleton live births. Cases were identified as spontaneous live births between 24 and <37 gestational weeks using a validated birth certificate‐based algorithm. We selected up to 10 controls per case, matched on estimated pregnancy start date and other factors. We identified analgesic opioid and antidepressant pharmacy fills to define medication exposures in the 60 days before index date (case delivery date) and categorised them as unexposed, opioid‐only, antidepressant‐only and combined exposure. We estimated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using conditional logistic regression, adjusting for confounders. We assessed the additive interaction between opioids and antidepressants by estimating relative excess risk due to interaction.ResultsWe identified 25,406 eligible cases of sPTB and 225,771 matched controls. Opioid‐only and combined exposures were associated with higher odds of sPTB relative to unexposed (adjusted OR 1.29, 95% CI 1.23, 1.35 and 1.22, 95% CI 1.06, 1.40, respectively), while antidepressant‐only exposure was not (1.04, 95% CI 0.96, 1.12). No additive interaction was identified for combined exposure.ConclusionsExposure to prescription opioids during pregnancy, but not antidepressants, was associated with increased relative odds of sPTB. Co‐exposure to opioids and antidepressants did not elevate the odds of sPTB above what we observed for opioid‐only exposure.
The oilseed rape R2R3‐type BnaMYB78 transcription factor regulates leaf senescence by modulating PCD and chlorophyll degradation
Authors: Sun Mengting , Yan Yunru , Han Feng , Zhao Yuxin , Chen Bisi , Cui Xing , Li Chun , Yang Bo , Zhao Yiting , Jiang Yuan‐Qing 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLeaf senescence is the final stage of plant growth and development, characterized by chlorophyll degradation, organelle disintegration, and nutrient redistribution and utilization. This stage involves a complex and precise regulatory network, and the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) is one of the most important oil crops in China and globally. Therefore, mining and studying the key factors modulating leaf senescence and abscission in oilseed rape is of great importance to improve its yielding and nutrient use efficiency. In this study, we report that BnaMYB78 positively regulates leaf senescence in oilseed rape. As a transcriptional activator located in the nucleus, BnaMYB78 can bind to the SMRE7 (A/G)CC(T/A)AA(C/T) cis‐element in vitro and positively regulate the expression of BnaPBS3, BnaMC9, and BnaNYC1 in oilseed rape. Overexpression of BnaMYB78 leads to chlorophyll degradation and premature leaf senescence in both Arabidopsis thaliana and oilseed rape. During this process, the expression of several genes associated with salicylic acid (SA) synthesis, chlorophyll metabolism, and senescence‐associated genes (SAGs) was upregulated, including BnaPPH, BnaSAG14, BnaMC9, BnaPBS3, BnaNYC1, and BnaICS1, which facilitate the progression of programmed cell death (PCD). Further analyses demonstrated that BnaMYB78 activates the promoter activities of BnaMC9, BnaPBS3, and BnaNYC1 in a dual‐luciferase reporter assay. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) and chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with quantitative PCR (ChIP‐qPCR) assays revealed that BnaMYB78 directly binds to the promoter regions of these downstream target genes. In summary, our data demonstrate that BnaMYB78 modulates cell death and leaf senescence.
After the Graded Sermon: “Ungrading” as Theo‐Ethical Practice for Homiletics
Authors: Voelz Richard William 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis article considers how the practice of “ungrading” in the homiletics classroom can function not merely as a pedagogical technique, but as a theo‐ethical practice. Grounding ungrading in theological ethics in addition to critical pedagogical theory can lead us toward a pedagogical practice that builds anti‐racist and decolonial spaces in theological education. Drawing on Willie James Jennings' After Whiteness and Keri Day's Notes of a Native Daughter, the article seeks to name how ungrading in the homiletics classroom can operate as a small measure by which we might move theological education into that which “follow[s] God in building toward life” and “opens the joy of not knowing inside the joy of learning together”.
LcASR enhances tolerance to abiotic stress in Leymus chinensis and Arabidopsis thaliana by improving photosynthetic performance
Authors: An Wenjing , Zhao Mengjie , Chen Lei , Li Qiuxin , Yu Longjiang , Chen Shuangyan , Ma Jinfang , Cao Xiaofeng , Zhang Shuaibin , Chi Wei , Ji Daili 
Published: November 2024

SUMMARYAs a crucial forage grass, Leymus chinensis plays significant roles in soil and water conservation owing to its robust stress resistance. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of its stress tolerance remain unclear. In this study, a novel gene, designated as LcASR (Abiotic Stress Resistance in Leymus chinensis), imparting resilience to both high light and drought, was identified. Under normal growth conditions, heterologous overexpression of LcASR in Arabidopsis (HO lines) showed no significant difference in appearance compared to wild‐type. Nevertheless, HO lines accumulate significantly higher chlorophyll content during the dark‐to‐light transition compared to the wild‐type, indicating that the LcASR protein participates in chlorophyll synthesis during chloroplast development. Meanwhile, transgenic Arabidopsis and L. chinensis plants exhibited resistance to abiotic stresses such as high light and drought. Photosystem complexes analysis revealed that LHCII proteins remained stable within their respective complexes during high light stress. We hypothesize that LcASR may play a role in fine tuning of chlorophyll synthesis to enable plant adaptation to diverse stress conditions. Moreover, overexpression of LcASR in L. chinensis led to agronomically valuable traits such as deeper green color, higher biomass accumulation, prolonged withering period, and extended grazing durations. This study uncovers a novel gene in L. chinensis that enhances forage yield and provides valuable genetic resources for sheepgrass breeding.
ECG Features in Orthotopic Cardiac Xenotransplantation: Comparisons With Published Literature
Authors: Mitchell Chace B. , Simmons Joe , Neal Sarah J. , Cleveland David C. , Bar‐Cohen Yaniv , Cleveland John D. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionAlthough there is a plethora of literature on electrocardiographic changes following cardiac allotransplantation, there is little in the field of cardiac xenotransplantation. The only published literature to date is that of the first pig‐to‐human cardiac xenotransplantation. Here we take a close look at the electrocardiographic parameters in four non‐human primate recipients of orthotopic cardiac xenotransplantation to develop baseline metrics for comparison.MethodsOrthotopic cardiac xenotransplantion was carried out in four non‐human primate recipients. Electrocardiographic parameters were followed at various intervals using an internal hemodynamic monitoring system (DSI) as well as a standard 12‐lead electrocardiogram (ECG). ECG intervals were then compared to published literature on porcine ECG intervals and pig‐to‐human cardiac xenotransplantation.ResultsThere were no significant differences observed between timepoints for HR, PR, QRS, QT, or QTc after cardiac xenotransplantation for each animal subject. ECG parameters were statistically similar to those of in situ mini‐pig hearts in the literature. ECG parameters from the DSI on average were shorter than those from a traditional ECG, however, DSI parameters were consistent over time.ConclusionThese results demonstrate the possibility of conduction health for genetically engineered porcine donor hearts following cardiac xenotransplantation. Ongoing work to compare the results of an ECG in a porcine donor heart before and after implantation into a NHP is necessary to better characterize variables that may be at play in the function of the conduction system.
On the Performance of a Data-Driven Backward Compatible Physics-Informed Neural Network for Prediction of Flow Past a Cylinder
Authors: Malineni Vamsi Sai Krishna , Rajendran Suresh 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper discusses a physics-informed surrogate model aimed at reconstructing the flow field from sparse datasets under a limited computational budget. A benchmark problem of 2D unsteady laminar flow past a cylinder is chosen to evaluate the performance of the surrogate model. Earlier studies were focused on forward problems with well-defined data. The present study attempts to develop models capable of reconstructing the flow-field data from sparse datasets mirroring real-world scenarios. We demonstrated the performance of data-driven models in reconstructing the flow field and compared the effectiveness of various training methodologies. The proposed surrogate model successfully reconstructed the flow field while also extracting pressure as a latent variable. The proposed surrogate model significantly outperformed data-driven models in accuracy, even under a limited computational budget. Furthermore, transfer learning of parameters of a pretrained model for different Reynolds numbers has reduced training time.