bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanism of free electron concentration saturation phenomenon in Te-GaSb single crystal*
Authors: Yu Ding , Shen Guiying , Xie Hui , Liu Jingming , Sun Jing , Zhao Youwen 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Te-doped GaSb single crystal grown by the liquid encapsulated Czochralski (LEC) method exhibits a lag of compensating progress and a maximum carrier concentration around 8×1017 cm−3. The reason for this phenomenon has been investigated by a quantity concentration evaluation of the Te donor and native acceptor. The results of glow discharge mass spectrometry (GDMS) and Hall measurement suggest that the acceptor concentration increases with the increase of Te doping concentration, resulting in the enhancement of electrical compensation and free electron concentration reduction. The acceptor concentration variation is further demonstrated by photoluminescence spectra and explained by the principle of Fermi level dependent defect formation energy.
Effects of interface bound states on the shot noise in normal metal–low-dimensional Rashba semiconductor tunnel junctions with induced s-wave pairing potential
Authors: Chen Wen-Xiang , Wang Rui-Qiang , Hu Liang-Bin 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We consider the effects of interface bound states on the electrical shot noise in tunnel junctions formed between normal metals and one-dimensional (1D) or two-dimensional (2D) Rashba semiconductors with proximity-induced s-wave pairing potential. We investigate how the shot noise properties vary as the interface bound state is evolved from a non-zero energy bound state to a zero-energy bound state. We show that in both 1D and 2D tunnel junctions, the ratio of the noise power to the charge current in the vicinity of zero bias voltage may be enhanced significantly due to the induction of the midgap interface bound state. But as the interface bound state evolves from a non-zero energy bound state to a zero-energy bound state, this ratio tends to vanish completely at zero bias voltage in 1D tunnel junctions, while in 2D tunnel junctions it decreases smoothly to the usual classical Schottky value for the normal state. Some other important aspects of the shot noise properties in such tunnel junctions are also clarified.
Tunable superconductivity in parent cuprate Pr2CuO4±δ thin films*
Authors: Wei Xinjian , He Ge , Hu Wei , Zhang Xu , Qin Mingyang , Yuan Jie , Zhu Beiyi , Lin Yuan , Jin Kui 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We studied the role of oxygen in Pr2CuO4±δ
thin films fabricated by the polymer assisted deposition method. The magnetoresistance and Hall resistivity of Pr2CuO4±δ
samples were systematically investigated. It was found that with decreasing oxygen content, the low-temperature Hall coefficient (R
H) and magnetoresistance changed from negative to positive, similar to those with the increase of Ce-doped concentration in

R

2
−
x

Ce
x
CuO4 (R=La, Nd, Pr, Sm, Eu). In addition, we observed that the dependence of the superconducting critical temperature T
c with R
H for the Pr2−x
Ce
x
CuO4 perfectly overlapped with that of Pr2CuO4±δ
. These findings point to the fact that the doped electrons induced by the oxygen removal are responsible for the superconductivity of the

T

′

-phase parent compounds.
Particle–hole fluctuations and possible superconductivity in doped α-RuCl3*
Authors: Wang Bin-Bin , Wang Wei , Yu Shun-Li , Li Jian-Xin 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We study various particle–hole excitations and possible superconducting pairings mediated by these fluctuations in doped α-RuCl3 by using multi-band Hubbard model with all t2g orbitals. By performing a random-phase-approximation (RPA) analysis, we find that among all particle–hole excitations, the j
eff = 1/2 pseudospin fluctuations are dominant, suggesting the robustness of j
eff = 1/2 picture even in the doped systems. We also find that the most favorable superconducting state has a d-wave pairing symmetry.
Enhanced soft magnetic properties of iron powders through coating MnZn ferrite by one-step sol–gel synthesis*
Authors: Liu Dong , Gao Shanmin , Jin Rencheng , Wang Feng , Chu Xiaoxiao , Gao Taiping , Wang Yubao 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The MnZn ferrite coating formed on the surface of iron-based soft magnetic powders via facile and modified sol–gel process has been fabricated to obtain better magnetic performance due to its higher permeability compared with traditional nonmagnetic insulation coatings. The influence of the MnZn ferrite contents on the magnetic performance of the soft magnetic composites (SMCs) has been studied. As the MnZn insulation content increases, the core loss first experiences a decreasing trend that is followed by progressive increase, while the permeability follows an increasing trend and subsequently degrades. The optimized magnetic performance is achieved with 2.0 wt% MnZn ferrite, which results from the decrement of inter-particle eddy current losses based on loss separation. A uniform and compact coating layer composed of MnZn ferrite and oxides with an average thickness of

0.38
±
0.08

μ
m

is obtained by utilizing ion beam technology, and the interface between the powders and the coating shows satisfied adhesiveness compared with the sample directly prepared by mechanical mixing. The evolution of the coating layers during the calcination process has been presented based on careful analysis of the composition and microstructure.
Influence of additives on the magnetic damping constant of CoIr soft magnetic thin films with negative magnetocrystalline anisotropy*
Authors: Ma Tianyong , Luo Zhi , Li Zhiwei , Qiao Liang , Wang Tao , Li Fashen 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The oriented

(
CoIr
)

100
−
x

P

x

(P=B, Ni, and SiO2) soft magnetic films are prepared. Their morphology is measured using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and reveals that these films exhibit good crystallinity and high degree of the c-axis orientation. The magnetic properties are thoroughly investigated as a function of doping x. Our results show that all of these films possess negative magnetocrystalline anisotropy as required by possible applications. Both the intrinsic and extrinsic contributions are considered to interpret the broadening of the ferromagnetic resonance spectral linewidth. The intrinsic Gilbert damping is identified as the main cause of the linewidth broadening, while the extrinsic part originating from inhomogeneities only plays a minor role. More interestingly, our results show that the damping constant can be controlled by using the doping method.
The c-axis complex permittivity and electrical impedance in BaFe2As2: Experimental examination on transformation validity*
Authors: Li Yongqiang , Du Xinzhe , Gong Dongliang , Yang Qirui , Zhang Wenliang , Xie Tao , Feng Bo , Chen Kai , Luo Huiqian , Liu Junming , Zhu Jinsong 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Complex permittivity and electrical impedance have been measured along the c-axis in single crystals BaFe2As2, which are the conductors known as the parent compound of 122-type iron superconductor. The resultant relative errors defined in the study indicate the existence of the transformation between complex permittivity and electrical impedance in the conductors, and these two physics quantities possibly reveal different aspects of the consistent superconductivity-relevant physics picture.
Temperature and excitation dependence of stimulated emission and spontaneous emission in InGaN epilayer*
Authors: An Xuee , Shang Zhengjun , Ma Chuanhe , Zheng Xinhe , Zhang Cuiling , Sun Lin , Yue Fangyu , Li Bo , Chen Ye 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Temperature and excitation dependent photoluminescence (PL) of InGaN epilayer grown on c-plane GaN/sapphire template by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) has been systematically investigated. The emission spectra of the sample consisted of strong multiple peaks associated with one stimulated emission (SE) located at 430 nm and two spontaneous emissions (SPE) centered at about 450 nm and 480 nm, indicating the co-existence of shallow and deep localized states. The peak energy of SE exhibiting weak s-shaped variation with increasing temperature revealed the localization effect of excitons. Moreover, an abnormal increase of the SPE intensity with increasing temperature was also observed, which indicated that the carrier transfer between the shallow and deeper localized states exists. Temperature dependent time-resolved PL (TRPL) demonstrated the carrier transfer processes among the localized states. In addition, a slow thermalization of hot carriers was observed in InGaN film by using TRPL and transient differential reflectivity, which is attributed to the phonon bottleneck effect induced by indium aggregation.
Large-scale control of enhancement and quenching of photoluminescence for ZnSe/ZnS quantum dots and Ag nanoparticles in aqueous solution*
Authors: Yin Shaoyi , Liao Liming , Luo Song , Zhang Zhe , Zhang Xiaoyu , Lu Jian , Chen Zhanghai 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We investigated the optical properties of hybrid exciton–plasmon coupling ensembles composed of ZnSe/ZnS quantum dots and Ag nanoparticles in aqueous solution. We modulated their average interval by changing the ratio of quantum dots and Ag nanoparticles. The transition from dramatic PL enhancement to PL quenching state was experimentally observed, according to the continuous decrease of the PL lifetime. The PL enhancement rate exceeded 10, with the Purcell factor of 3.5. Meanwhile, the proportion of fast decay increased from 0.3 to 0.6, corresponding to the proportion of slow decay decreased from 0.7 to 0.4. Our experiment is important for the hybrid exciton–plasmon coupling system to be practicable in optoelectronic application.
Two-step growth of VSe2 films and their photoelectric properties*
Authors: Zeng Yu , Zhang Shengli , Li Xiuling , Ao Jianping , Sun Yun , Liu Wei , Liu Fangfang , Gao Peng , Zhang Yi 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We put forward a two-step route to synthesize vanadium diselenide (VSe2), a typical transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD). To obtain the VSe2 film, we first prepare a vanadium film by electron beam evaporation and we then perform selenization in a vacuum chamber. This method has the advantages of low temperature, is less time-consuming, has a large area, and has a stable performance. At 400 °C selenization temperature, we successfully prepare VSe2 films on both glass and Mo substrates. The prepared VSe2 has the characteristic of preferential growth along the c-axis, with low transmittance. It is found that the contact between Al and VSe2/Mo is ohmic contact. Compared to Mo substrate, lower square resistance and higher carrier concentration of the VSe2/Mo sample reveal that the VSe2 film may be a potential material for thin film solar cells or other semiconductor devices. The new synthetic strategy that is developed here paves a sustainable way to the application of VSe2 in photovoltaic devices.
Activation of Mn, Li2O and LiF in the JSI TRIGA reactor to study potential tritium production monitors for fusion applications
Authors: Kodeli I. , Radulović V. , Veniger G. , Kavšek D. , Kuc T. , Ciechanowski M. , Pohorecki W. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Two series of measurements were performed in the JSI TRIGA research reactor in 2014 and 2017 to validate the 55Mn(n,γ)56Mn cross-sections and experimentally investigate the relationship between the 55Mn(n,γ)56Mn reaction and the rate of tritium production through the 6Li(n,t)4He reaction. Indeed, previously observed similarities between the sensitivity profiles of the neutron reaction of tritium production on lithium, 6Li(n,t)4He, and those of the 55Mn(n,γ)56Mn reaction in tritium breeder modules indicated that the latter reaction could be used as an effective monitor of tritium production, at least for short-term monitoring (the half-life of 56Mn being 2.579 h). However, experimental verification, improvements and validation of the 55Mn(n,γ)56Mn cross-sections are needed in order to meet the required accuracy. Foils of certified reference material Al–1%Mn, as well as LiF thermoluminescent detectors and Li2O samples were irradiated, both bare and under cadmium, to study the potential use of the 55Mn(n,γ)56Mn reaction for monitoring tritium production in fusion devices. Additionally, Al–0.1%Au was also irradiated for comparison, the 197Au(n,γ)198Au reaction cross-section being a standard. In order to obtain complementary information for data validation purposes, the irradiations were performed in positions within the JSI TRIGA reactor with different neutron spectra, i.e. in the central channel, the pneumatic tube and the F19 position, both in the outer ‘F’ ring of the reactor core and in the IC-40 irradiation channel located in the graphite reflector surrounding the reactor core. Bare and cadmium-covered irradiations were needed to subtract the contribution of epithermal neutrons to the 55Mn(n,γ)56Mn reaction. Calculations of the reaction rates were performed using the Monte Carlo code MCNP6.1 with a detailed model of the JSI TRIGA reactor, with the samples, the irradiation capsules and covers being modelled explicitly. The uncertainties involved in the measurements and the calculations were carefully evaluated. The principal objective was to study the energy response and correlations between the 55Mn(n,γ)56Mn reaction in irradiated Al–1%Mn and the 6Li(n,t)4He reaction in irradiated LiF and Li2O. Good consistency between the measured and calculated 55Mn(n,γ)56Mn and 197Au(n,γ)198Au reaction rates, in most cases within the uncertainty bars, was observed.
Anomalous optical saturation of low-energy Dirac states in graphene and its implication for nonlinear optics
Authors: Semnani Behrooz , Jago Roland , Safavi-Naeini Safieddin , Majedi Hamed , Malic Ermin , Tassin Philippe 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We reveal that optical saturation of the low-energy states takes place in graphene for arbitrarily weak electromagnetic fields. This effect originates from the diverging field-induced interband coupling at the Dirac point. Using semiconductor Bloch equations to model the electronic dynamics of graphene, we argue that the charge carriers undergo ultrafast Rabi oscillations leading to the anomalous saturation effect. The theory is complemented by a many-body study of the carrier relaxations dynamics in graphene. It will be demonstrated that the carrier relaxation dynamics is slow around the Dirac point, which in turn leads to a more pronounced saturation. The implications of this effect for the nonlinear optics of graphene are then discussed. Our analysis shows that the conventional perturbative treatment of the nonlinear optics, i.e. expanding the polarization field in a Taylor series of the electric field, is problematic for graphene, in particular at small Fermi levels and large field amplitudes.
Risk Factors for Bites and Diseases Associated With Black-Legged Ticks: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Fischhoff Ilya R , Keesing Felicia , Ostfeld Richard S 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe emergence and spread of Lyme disease and other infections associated with black-legged ticks is causing a public health crisis. No human vaccines are currently available, and both diagnosis and treatment are sometimes ineffectual, leading to advocacy for self-directed preventative measures. These recommendations are widely communicated to the public, but there is limited evidence for their efficacy. We undertook a systematic review and mixed-effects meta-regression analysis of factors purported to increase or decrease risk of black-legged tick bites and tick-borne disease. Published articles used in the study spanned the years 1984–2018. Variables associated with increased probability of tick-borne disease, with odds ratios significantly greater than 1, included deer abundance, high density of nymph-stage black-legged ticks, landscapes with interspersed herbaceous and forested habitat, low human population density, gardens, cat ownership, and race. Contrary to recommendations, use of landscape-related tick control measures, such as clearing brush, trimming branches, and having a dry barrier between lawn and woods, tended to increase risk. Pet ownership increased bite risk. Bite risk was highest for children aged 5 years or less, with a secondary peak in persons aged 50–70 years. Although some widely disseminated recommendations are supported by the research analyzed, others require further evaluation. Additional research is also needed to understand the mechanisms underlying significant relationships.
Pharmacy students’ attitudes and perceptions toward pharmacogenomics education
Authors: Coriolan Shanice , Arikawe Nimota , Moscati Arden , Zhou Lisheng , Dym Stephanie , Donmez Seda , Garba Adinoyi , Falbaum Sasha , Loewy Zvi , Lull Melinda , Saad Maha , Shtaynberg Jane , Obeng Aniwaa Owusu 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate final-year pharmacy students’ perceptions toward pharmacogenomics education, their attitudes on its clinical relevance, and their readiness to use such knowledge in practice.MethodsA 19-question survey was developed and modified from prior studies and was pretested on a small group of pharmacogenomics faculty and pharmacy students. The final survey was administered to 978 final-year pharmacy students in 8 school/colleges of pharmacy in New York and New Jersey between January and May 2017. The survey targeted 3 main themes: perceptions toward pharmacogenomics education, attitudes toward the clinical relevance of this education, and the students’ readiness to use knowledge of pharmacogenomics in practice.ResultsWith a 35% response rate, the majority (81%) of the 339 student participants believed that pharmacogenomics was a useful clinical tool for pharmacists, yet only 40% felt that it had been a relevant part of their training. Almost half (46%) received only 1–3 lectures on pharmacogenomics and the majority were not ready to use it in practice. Survey results pointed toward practice-based trainings such as pharmacogenomics rotations as the most helpful in preparing students for practice.ConclusionsFinal-year student pharmacists reported varying exposure to pharmacogenomics content in their pharmacy training and had positive attitudes toward the clinical relevance of the discipline, yet they expressed low confidence in their readiness to use this information in practice.
The US Supreme Court does Kompetenz-Kompetenz
Authors: Samuel Adam 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
In Henry Schein and New Prime, the US Supreme Court reached two unanimous decisions on arbitration. Both cases in quite different ways gave rise to questions about the original German doctrine or version of Kompetenz-Kompetenz, the ability of the parties to submit by agreement their jurisdictional disputes to arbitration. Each decision, though, contains so much more. In Henry Schein, the court rejected the view that the court could effectively terminate an arbitration by concluding that the right to arbitrate was clearly not there. It required a proper enquiry including an investigation as to whether the AAA Commercial Rules constitute a Kompetenz-Kompetenz agreement. The facts presented suggested a more complex enquiry than that about the arbitrator's jurisdiction and powers. In New Prime, the Court applied the exclusion from the Federal Arbitration Act for employees engaged in interstate commerce to a self-employed lorry driver. It refused to save the clause on the basis on a Kompetenz-Kompetenz agreement or an inherent jurisdiction.
The relationship of body condition, superoxide dismutase, and superoxide with sperm performance
Authors: Friesen Christopher R , de Graaf Simon P , Olsson Mats 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSperm competition theory predicts a negative correlation between somatic investment and traits that aid in pre- and postcopulatory sexual selection. Sperm performance is critical for postcopulatory success but sperm are susceptible to damage by free radicals such as superoxide radicals generated during mitochondrial respiration (mtSOx). Males can ameliorate damage to spermatozoa by investing in the production of antioxidants, like superoxide dismutase (SOD), which may act as a mechanistic link to pre- and postcopulatory trade-offs. Some male Australian, color-polymorphic painted dragon lizards (Ctenophorus pictus) possess a yellow throat patch (bib) that females prefer over nonbibbed males and are also more likely to win male–male contests indicating that males with bibs may be better at monopolizing females. We tested whether the sperm performance in nonbibbed males was superior to that of bibbed males. We show that overall sperm performance was not different between the bib-morphs, however, higher mtSOx levels were negatively correlated with sperm performance in bibbed males, but not of nonbibbed males. Blood cell mtSOx levels are negatively correlated with SOD activity in the plasma in all males early in the breeding season but SOD was lower in bibbed males. Nonbibbed males maintain a positive correlation between body condition and SOD activity over time while bibbed males do not. Together, these data suggest physiological associations between body condition, SOD activity, and sperm performance are linked to the expression of a yellow gular patch, which may be related to intrinsic differences in the metabolism of bibbed versus nonbibbed males.
A critical review of five machine learning-based algorithms for predicting protein stability changes upon mutation
Authors: Fang Jianwen 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA number of machine learning (ML)-based algorithms have been proposed for predicting mutation-induced stability changes in proteins. In this critical review, we used hypothetical reverse mutations to evaluate the performance of five representative algorithms and found all of them suffer from the problem of overfitting. This approach is based on the fact that if a wild-type protein is more stable than a mutant protein, then the same mutant is less stable than the wild-type protein. We analyzed the underlying issues and suggest that the main causes of the overfitting problem include that the numbers of training cases were too small, and the features used in the models were not sufficiently informative for the task. We make recommendations on how to avoid overfitting in this important research area and improve the reliability and robustness of ML-based algorithms in general.
Mutations in C1orf194, encoding a calcium regulator, cause dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
Authors: Sun Shun-Chang , Ma Di , Li Mei-Yi , Zhang Ru-Xu , Huang Cheng , Huang Hua-Jie , Xie Yong-zhi , Wang Zhong-Ju , Liu Jun , Cai De-Cheng , Liu Cui-Xian , Yang Qi , Bao Fei-Xiang , Gong Xiao-Li , Li Jie-Ru , Hui Zheng , Wei Xiao-feng , Zhong Jian-Mei , Zhou Wan-jun , Shang Xuan , Zhang Cheng , Liu Xing-Guo , Tang Bei-Sha , Xiong Fu , Xu Xiang-Min 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease is a hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy exhibiting great clinical and genetic heterogeneity. Here, the identification of two heterozygous missense mutations in the C1orf194 gene at 1p21.2-p13.2 with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease are reported. Specifically, the p.I122N mutation was the cause of an intermediate form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, and the p.K28I missense mutation predominately led to the demyelinating form. Functional studies demonstrated that the p.K28I variant significantly reduced expression of the protein, but the p.I122N variant increased. In addition, the p.I122N mutant protein exhibited the aggregation in neuroblastoma cell lines and the patient’s peroneal nerve. Either gain-of-function or partial loss-of-function mutations to C1ORF194 can specify different causal mechanisms responsible for Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease with a wide range of clinical severity. Moreover, a knock-in mouse model confirmed that the C1orf194 missense mutation p.I121N led to impairments in motor and neuromuscular functions, and aberrant myelination and axonal phenotypes. The loss of normal C1ORF194 protein altered intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis and upregulated Ca2+ handling regulatory proteins. These findings describe a novel protein with vital functions in peripheral nervous systems and broaden the causes of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, which open new avenues for the diagnosis and treatment of related neuropathies.