bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Notes sur la part d’imitation dans l’innovation en architecture
Authors: Laporte Rémi 
Published: February 2018

Un architecte n’innove-t-il que lorsqu’il produit un travail de création esthétique, qu’il utilise des matériaux nouveaux, ou qu’il recourt à des méthodes inhabituelles ? Dans cet article, nous posons l’hypothèse qu’un processus d’innovation auquel participe la conception d’une architecture peut emprunter les voies moins manifestes de l’imitation, telles que Quatremère de Quincy les a définies au XIXe siècle. En confrontant ce postulat, d’une part à des définitions récentes de ces notions, et d’autre part aux fenêtres conçues par sept architectes dans des opérations de logement collectif depuis l’entrée en vigueur des dernières réglementations thermiques, nous cherchons à identifier comment innovation et imitation peuvent s’articuler en architecture, et les façons dont elles peuvent agir dans le travail de conception.
Coherencia entre animación e “imagen real” (registro basado en realismo fotográfico): recursos presentes en el universo gráfico de Gumball
Authors: Rodríguez González Manuela Elizabeth 
Published: February 2018

<div class="WordSection1"><p>El presente artículo centrará su atención en un ejemplo de animación híbrida, <em>El asombroso mundo de Gumball<span style="font-size: 6.94444px;"><strong> </strong></span></em>(2011), serie de animación televisiva creada por Ben Bocquelet (1983), tras proponer a Cartoon Network reunir en una única producción a todos los personajes que él había creado y que fueron rechazados por estudios de animación a lo largo de los años. Partiendo de esta unión de elementos diferentes (cuya explicación está presente en la idea que sirve como base, pero no en el argumento de la serie), se analizarán los recursos que se utilizan para unir a personajes de estética dispar en un “universo gráfico” coherente. Este concepto de universo aparece definido por Raúl García en <em>Actores del Lápiz</em> (2000), como la unidad de estilo (y movimiento) en la que coexisten los personajes y elementos de diseño dentro de una serie de televisión, regidos por unas reglas que hay que mantener durante toda la creación, para hacerla verosímil ante el espectador. Teniendo en cuenta este concepto, se completará el análisis de dichos recursos estudiando producciones en las cuales la mezcla de estilos va acorde con el argumento, o se realiza con fines de experimentación estética: desde los <em>Lightning Sketches</em> de Blackton (1908) o <em>Gertie, the Good Dinosaur,</em> de<em> </em>McCay<em> </em>(1914); pasando por los personajes animados que conviven con humanos en <em>Mary Poppins</em> (1964), <em>¿Quién engañó a Roger Rabbit?</em> (1988), o <em>Space Jam</em> (1996); hasta los fondos de imagen real inmersos en la animación experimental del director Masaaki Yuasa en <em>The Tatami Galaxy</em>(2010).</p></div>
Updated emission inventories of power plants in simulating air quality during haze periods over East China
Authors: Zhang Lei , Zhao Tianliang , Gong Sunling , Kong Shaofei , Tang Lili , Liu Duanyang , Wang Yongwei , Jin Lianji , Shan Yunpeng , Tan Chenghao , Zhang Yingjie , Guo Xiaomei 
Published: February 2018

Abstract. Air pollutant emissions play a determinant role in deteriorating air quality. However, an uncertainty in emission inventories is still the key problem for modeling air pollution. In this study, an updated emission inventory of coal-fired power plants (UEIPP) based on online monitoring data in Jiangsu Province of East China for the year of 2012 was implemented in the widely used Multi-resolution Emission Inventory for China (MEIC). By employing the Weather Research and Forecasting model with Chemistry (WRF-Chem), two simulation experiments were executed to assess the atmospheric environment change by using the original MEIC emission inventory and the MEIC inventory with the UEIPP. A synthetic analysis shows that power plant emissions of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, and NOx were lower, and CO, black carbon (BC), organic carbon (OC) and NMVOCs (non-methane volatile organic compounds) were higher in UEIPP relative to those in MEIC, reflecting a large discrepancy in the power plant emissions over East China. In accordance with the changes in UEIPP, the modeled concentrations were reduced for SO2 and NO2, and increased for most areas of primary OC, BC, and CO. Interestingly, when the UEIPP was used, the atmospheric oxidizing capacity significantly reinforced. This was reflected by increased oxidizing agents, e.g., O3 and OH, thus directly strengthening the chemical production from SO2 and NOx to sulfate and nitrate, respectively, which offset the reduction of primary PM2.5 emissions especially on haze days. This study indicates the importance of updating air pollutant emission inventories in simulating the complex atmospheric environment changes with implications on air quality and environmental changes.
MODIFICATION AND APPLICATION OF STARCH IN NATURAL RUBBER LATEX COMPOSITES
Authors: Misman M. A. , Rashid Azura A. , Yahya Siti Rohana 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTThis study presents a review of recent studies on starch-filled NR latex composites. Starch is a renewable source of material for fillers in NR latex compounding to obtain composites with multifunctional properties for selected applications. However, starch is a non-reinforcing filler due to its large particle size. The compatibility of NR and starch is another significant issue during the processing of starch-filled NR latex composites due to the nature of both materials. However, based on our research work, a fine dispersion of starch in the rubber matrix can improve the properties of NR latex composites. A good starch dispersion can be achieved through modifications, such as physical or chemical treatments. These treatments include the ball-milling process, ultrasonic process, use of coupling agents, esterification, etherification, and graft copolymerization. The various processing methods of these composites are discussed, specifically pre-vulcanization, latex co-coagulation, and in situ polymerization process. The successful modifications of either micro- or nano-starch will improve the compatibility with hydrophobic NR matrix, thereby increasing the mechanical properties of the resulting composites. The potential of starch as a biodegradable filler for NR latex and the interparticle interaction of starch-filled NR latex composites are also discussed.
VULCANIZATION SYSTEMS FOR RUBBER COMPOUNDS BASED ON IIR AND HALOGENATED IIR: AN OVERVIEW
Authors: Kruželák Ján , Hudec Ivan 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT
The properties of IIR and halogenated IIRs, such as excellent steam and gas impermeability, heat aging stability, and oxygen and ozone resistance and increased chemical resistance, meet the demands of various industrial applications. However, due to the low level of unsaturation of IIR, the vulcanization rate is rather low and the degree of cross-linking is usually insufficient, causing IIR to be minimally co-vulcanized with unsaturated general-purpose rubbers. The low reactivity of IIR requires the consideration of a special composition of curing systems to provide the best possible rate and state of vulcanization. The type of curing system selected must also be a function of the composition of rubber formulations in which the IIR is used, and with respect to the final product's performance requirements. Therefore, the curing systems for IIR differ and can include standard sulfur systems, phenol-formaldehyde resins, or quinones. The incorporation of halogen (chlorine or bromine) atoms into the structure of IIR significantly increases the chemical reactivity, which can be subsequently reflected in a higher curing rate and the possibility to use some additional vulcanization systems such as metal oxides, diamines, or peroxide with co-agent. This study reviews the types and selection of applicable curing systems for IIR and its halogenated derivates.
Conflict Management Strategies and Their Relationships with Employees’ Achievement Motivation at Al-Hussein Bin Talal University (AHU)
Authors: Waswas Dima , Abu-Darwish Muna 
Published: February 2018

This study aimed at identifying the level to which the administration at Al-Hussein Bin Tala(AHU) uses conflict management strategies and its relation to achievement motivation among its employees. To achieve the purposes of this study the researchers developed a scale that includes three parts: demographic information, (27) items measuring conflict management strategies and (20) items measuring achievement motivation. Validity and reliability were accredited the scale was applied to a sample of (149) academic administrative employees and only administrative employees who were randomly assigned.The results revealed that the means of conflict management strategies scale range from (2.634) to (3.369) at moderate level. Result also showed that there are no statistically significant differences at conflict management scale related to gender, job type and the number of years in administrative experience. However, the result revealed higher levels of achievement motivation means range from (4.651) to (4.013). Finally it was indicated that there was a significant positive but low relation between avoiding strategy and the achievement motivation while there was no significant relation between the use of the other strategies and achievement motivation. The study sample consisted from 149 employees at AHU. The sample consisted form academic/administrative employees and administrative employees, where academic/administrative have joint responsibilities: academic and administrative. The participants were selected using simple random sampling from the study population of 290 employees based on statistics personnel affair department for the academic year 2016/2017. The results showed that the means of the participants’ perceptions of the levels of utilization of the four conflict management strategies were moderate, ranged between (M = 2.63, SD=.72) and (M = 3.37, SD=.58). In addition, the results showed that there were no statistically significant differences at (α <0.05) in the participants’ means of perceptions of the levels of utilization of the four conflict management strategies based on their gender, job type, and number of years of administrative experience. The results showed that the means of the participants’ responses to the items of achievement motivation scale were high, ranged between (M = 4.01, SD=.84) and (M = 4.65, SD=.64). Furthermore, the results showed that there was positive and weak correlation between means of the participants’ perceptions of their level of achievement motivation and participants’ means of perceptions of the levels of utilization of the avoiding strategy to resolve conflicts and the overall levels of utilization of the management strategies at AHU.
Developing work placements in a discipline-oriented education
Authors: Velle Gaute , Hole Torstein Nielsen , Førland Oddfrid Kårstad , Simonelli Anne-Laure , Vandvik Vigdis 
Published: February 2018

Education within higher education is often divided into discipline-oriented and professional programs. Professional programs prepare students for a specific profession and include relevant theoretical- and practical knowledge. Discipline-oriented programs emphasize theoretical knowledge and research within a specific discipline or field. Except for a career within research and higher education, discipline-oriented programs provide less obvious links to future careers. The transition from student life to working life may therefore be challenging. In this paper, we present and discuss the development and implementation of a work placement course as part of the disciplinary programs in biology at the University of Bergen. The course was developed to provide students with practical- and work- related skills and competences, inform about future careers and to foster motivation and learning. We have revised the course according to feedback from students, workplace hosts and our experience during the six semesters the course has been running. The work placement course is at the bachelor (BSc) level and consists of two main components; the work placement itself and the student’s own reporting of placement outcomes. For the placement, the students work 140 hours at a workplace as a biologist. The reporting consists of four open blog-posts, one written reflective essay and a final oral presentation. The course teachers also meet with the students and convey information on the roles of biology and biologists in today’s society through a Facebook group. Feedback from the students, hosts and course teachers point to a range of benefits from work practice courses in discipline- oriented study programs. Based on our experience, we provide guidance for developing such courses as part of discipline-oriented curricula.
Chemical compositions of essential oils from two Artemisia species used in Mongolian traditional medicine
Authors: N Javzmaa , Sh Altantsetseg , S Shatar , A Amarjargal 
Published: February 2018

Essential oils of aromatic and medicinal plants generally have a diverse range of activities because they possess many active constituents that work through a several modes of action. Artemisia, the largest genus of the family Asteraceae, has a number of effects against human and plant diseases. The main purpose of the present study was to investigate chemical compositions of essential oils of two Artemisia species, Artemisia palustris L and Artemisia sericea Weber ex Stechm from the Mongolian steppe zone using gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The essential oil of A.palustris was characterized by the presence of monoterpene hydrocarbons such as trans-β-ocimene (59.1%), cis-β-ocimene (11.6%) and myrcene (7.1%), while the oil of A.sericea was dominated by the presence of three oxygenated monoterpenoids as 1,8-cineole (25.8%), borneol (22.5%) and camphor (18.8%) which are used for preparation of a fragrance and medicinal products.
Algorithms for selecting parameters of combination of acyclic adjacency graphs in the problem of texture image processing
Authors: Sang Dinh 
Published: February 2018

Nowadays the great interest of researchers in the problem of processing the interrelated data arrays including images is retained. In the modern theory of machine learning, the problem of image processing is often viewed as a problem in the field of graph models. Image pixels constitute a unique array of interrelated elements. The interrelations between array elements are represented by an adjacency graph. The problem of image processing is often solved by minimizing Gibbs energy associated with corresponding adjacency graphs. The crucial disadvantage of Gibbs approach is that it requires empirical specifying of appropriate energy functions on cliques. In the present work, we investigate a simpler, but not less effective model, which is an expansion of the Markov chain theory. Our approach to image processing is based on the idea of replacing the arbitrary adjacency graphs by tree-like (acyclic in general) ones and linearly combining of acyclic Markov models in order to get the best quality of restoration of hidden classes. In this work, we propose algorithms for tuning combination of acyclic adjacency graphs.
Analýza plantárního tlaku při chůzi
Authors: Lutonská Kateřina , Zvonař Martin 
Published: February 2018

The article is focused on issues of plantar pressure values and its distribution during walking. It contains information on characteristics and functions of human feet, and especially on a method of measurement with pedographic platform emed-at, demonstrated on a case study – analytical comparison of plantar pressures in obese woman and student with normal body weight.
Integrace žáků s tělesným postižením do hodin školní tělesné výchovy
Authors: Rybová Lucie , Kudláček Martin 
Published: February 2018

The presented paper is concerned with the analysis of the current state of inclusion in general physical education (PE). Even though, students with physical disabilities form a majority and permanently growing group of individually included students, this topic is not yet well described. Th e survey took place in 2007 in elementary schools. A research sample consisted of 164 PE teachers who taught students with physical disabilities (164 boys, 90 girls). Out of the whole research sample 160 students were included to PE classes. Th e other students were released from PE based on a recommendation from their physicians. It is evident that the inclusion within the frame of PE represents a unique phenomenon enabling a complex development of the student’s personality. However, there are a number of important factors infl uencing success of inclusion, e.g. lack of fi nancial means, low family support, and lack of knowledgeable PE teachers in the fi eld of adapted physical education. Th ose crucial factors signifi cantly infl uence the process. An essential factor in the successful inclusion of students with disabilities to the system is the creation of appropriate conditions by the school (material, personal, spatial). Also the family has to undertake certain steps leading to a more eff ective cooperation. Inclusive PE should be based on a complex assessment of students. It should suit their individual needs and should be highly planned and systematic.
Porovnání úrovně motorických schopností romských a neromských žáků
Authors: Ješina Ondřej , Matochová Michaela , Růžičková Klára 
Published: February 2018

Physical activity represents such actions, in which people more or less freely participate, express themselves, learn and verify their knowledge, skills and ideas. Th e aim is to analyse and describe mobility skills selected pupils of Romany ethnicity at age 9-13 years. We utilize a combination of two standardised test battery EUROFIT and UNIFIT (Měkota & Kovář, 1996) to test other capabilities. Research investigation involving a total of 263 obtained from basic schools from Přerov, Břeclav, Vsetín and Ostrava. 118 of them can be classifi ed among the pupils of Romany ethnicity, of which 28 were boys and 90 girls. Th e pupils attended the 145-Nonromanies. Th is sample is 99 boys and 46 girls.. Especially in the front band, the results of non-Romany boys are qualitatively at the better level than for boys of Romany ethnicity. For girls were fi nd diff erences already pronounced. Clearly we have had a better result for non-Romany girls in pull-up stamina and standing long jump. Romany girls achieved a better result than non-Romany girls especially in runtime. No diff erences in the established parameters, however, was not statistically signifi cant on the level p<0,05.
Kdo nejvíce přivádí mládež ke sportu?
Authors: Valjent Zdeněk , Flemr Libor 
Published: February 2018

The implementation of regular physical activity and sport of youth depends on genetic predisposition infl uenced by many factors. Th e study examines on sample of 1221 students of ČVUT, including 947 boys and 274 girls in age 20-28 years. Th e results confi rm that the selected indicators are involved in education of youth within the meaning of positive infl uence to sports activities by diff erent degrees. Friends and schoolmates do one’s best (average of 7-point Likert scale 5,37) about it at boys, closely watched by family (5,15) and teachers of physical education at university (4,79). Th e family of girls have the largest positive infl uence (5,34), friends and schoolmates (5,26) and also their boyfriends (5,16). Teachers of physical education from high schools have the least infl uence (4,31 at boys, respectively 4,04 at girls), our national representative sport teams (4,30, respectively 4,21) and teachers of physical education at elementary schools (4,10, respectively even 3,90 at girls – the only negative value of all indicators).
Zjišťování průběhu změn teploty sněhu v běžecké stopě
Authors: Ondráček Jan , Novotný ml. Jan , Novotný Jan , Paugschová Božena 
Published: February 2018

Friction of pair of skis increases the temperature of the snow in the skiing track.Th is temperature is connected with the use of specifi c wax in rising tube in the ski for classic. Th e main aim of our thesis is to fi nd out with a help of infrared thermography if the change of this temperature of skiing track before and aft er passage of the team of skiers is so important that it can infl uence service of skies for competition reasons. To fi nd out the changes of snow temperature in the skiing track we have used thermographical system FLIR SC 620 with frequency sampling of 30Hz.Th is system was used aft er passage of a group of 11 skiers. Signifi cant continual increase of snow temperature has been indicated when group of skiiers passed (0,87±0,153 °C) and decrease to original level 10 - 30 seconds aft er passage of skiers. Flat dynamic thermography could help, on given conditions, for ”correction” of tactic in classical competition with collective start and also when choosing correct wax. In order to be able to get more signifi cant fi ndings it is neccessary to make repeated observations on conditions that are similar to real competition or right during classical competition with the skiing track on plain or ascending surface.
Ověření účinnosti nového hudebně-pohybového programu pro střední školy
Authors: Brtníková Michaela , Novotná Viléma , Voříšková Martina 
Published: February 2018

Due to decreasing interest of adolescent girls in any physical activity, a new dance program was created on three DVDs with samples of diff erent dance styles and directions how to teach them. Th e program follows the interest of the teenage generation and is based on modern methods from abroad. An experiement was conducted to verify the effi ciency of the new dance program. Th e aim of the experiment was to compare the level of dance skills improvement. 4-way ANCOVA was used to evaluate the experiment. Th e covariates were dance program, aft erschool activities, age, teacher, pre-test performance. Th e results of the research enriched the fi eld of dance education, especially the process of learning new dance skills. Th e new dance program improved the results of all music and motor skills and from the view point of development of specifi c dance skills it was considered very effi cient. Th e level of music skills varied according to the age of research subjects, which shows the importance of creating programs with adequate contents according to the students age. Our research showed the dance skills as three-dimensional with three latent factors: rhythmic, memory and motor. Th e results also pointed out the fact that aft er school activities focus on improvement of dance motor skills (dance technique) but neglect the music and rhythmic perception, which is the initiator of dance movement. Our results also confi rmed that dance skills can be improved by a short term dance program within the school P.E. lessons. Th e results of the research also showed unsignifi cant eff ectivity of recent dance motor programs at schools in development of dance skills. Th e results contributed to the scientifi c fi eld of dance education, especially the factor structure of dance skills. All the results were formulated from a pilot study and need to be confi rmed by additional research.