bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
K2S2O8‐Mediated Dioxygenation of Aryl Alkenes Using N‐Hydroxylamines and Air
Authors: Bag Raghunath , Punniyamurthy Tharmalingam 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe vicinal dioxygenation of aryl alkenes is reported using N‐hydroxylamines and air in the presence of potassium persulfate (K2S2O8). The alkene is first oxidized to β‐aminoxy alkyl hydroperoxide, which is in situ reduced to the diol using molybdenum hexacarbonyl [Mo(CO)6] and base. Metal‐free, aerobic conditions and the substrate scope are the important practical features.
Numerical simulation of arterial remodeling in pulmonary autografts
Authors: Famaey Nele , Vastmans Julie , Fehervary Heleen , Maes Lauranne , Vanderveken Emma , Rega Filip , Mousavi S. Jamaleddin , Avril Stéphane 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe Ross procedure is a surgical procedure where a diseased aortic valve is replaced by the person's own pulmonary valve. The proximal segment of the pulmonary artery is thereby placed in aortic position and therefore suddenly exposed to a sevenfold increase in blood pressure. Excessive dilatation of this pulmonary autograft is a common complication and has excited interest about mechanobiological adaptation in such situations. Mathematical modelling of growth and remodelling is a relevant approach to improve insights into this phenomenon.We introduced an algorithm that models the continuous degradation and deposition of extracellular matrix in an artery according to the constrained mixture theory. To compute temporal variations of collagen and elastin mass and to deduce related mechanical properties of the remodelled artery, we discretized time and defined a finite number of cohorts for each collagen fiber family. The degradation and production rates of each cohort were mediated by the difference between ambient and homeostatic stress within each fiber cohort.We applied the algorithm to predict the adaptation of a pulmonary autograft over an extended period and compared the results to experimental data obtained in sheep. We were able to consistently reproduce the experimentally observed remodeling effects such as dilatation and delayed collagen fiber recruitment. Our simulations revealed how elastin takes up the excessive stress in overstretched regions of the tissue.In conclusion, the algorithm yields very promising results regarding autograft adaptation in overstretched conditions. Future work will focus on other situations of vascular adaptation where growth‐related deformations will be considered.
How testing helps to diagnose proof failures
Authors: Petiot Guillaume , Kosmatov Nikolai , Botella Bernard , Giorgetti Alain , Julliand Jacques 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Applying deductive verification to formally prove that a program respects its formal specification is a very complex and time-consuming task due in particular to the lack of feedback in case of proof failures. Along with a non-compliance between the code and its specification (due to an error in at least one of them), possible reasons of a proof failure include a missing or too weak specification for a called function or a loop, and lack of time or simply incapacity of the prover to finish a particular proof. This work proposes a methodology where test generation helps to identify the reason of a proof failure and to exhibit a counterexample clearly illustrating the issue. We define the categories of proof failures, introduce two subcategories of contract weaknesses (single and global ones), and examine their properties. We describe how to transform a C program formally specified in an executable specification language into C code suitable for testing, and illustrate the benefits of the method on comprehensive examples. The method has been implemented in
StaDy
, a plugin of the software analysis platform
Frama
-C. Initial experiments show that detecting non-compliances and contract weaknesses allows to precisely diagnose most proof failures.
Effects of Solid Solution Strengthening Elements Mo, Re, Ru, and W on Transition Temperatures in Nickel-Based Superalloys with High γ′-Volume Fraction: Comparison of Experiment and CALPHAD Calculations
Authors: Ritter Nils C. , Sowa Roman , Schauer Jan C. , Gruber Daniel , Goehler Thomas , Rettig Ralf , Povoden-Karadeniz Erwin , Koerner Carolin , Singer Robert F. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
We prepared 41 different superalloy compositions by an arc melting, casting, and heat treatment process. Alloy solid solution strengthening elements were added in graded amounts, and we measured the solidus, liquidus, and γ′-solvus temperatures of the samples by DSC. The γ′-phase fraction increased as the W, Mo, and Re contents were increased, and W showed the most pronounced effect. Ru decreased the γ′-phase fraction. Melting temperatures (i.e., solidus and liquidus) were increased by addition of Re, W, and Ru (the effect increased in that order). Addition of Mo decreased the melting temperature. W was effective as a strengthening element because it acted as a solid solution strengthener and increased the fraction of fine γ′-precipitates, thus improving precipitation strengthening. Experimentally determined values were compared with calculated values based on the CALPHAD software tools Thermo-Calc (databases: TTNI8 and TCNI6) and MatCalc (database ME-NI). The ME-NI database, which was specially adapted to the present investigation, showed good agreement. TTNI8 also showed good results. The TCNI6 database is suitable for computational design of complex nickel-based superalloys. However, a large deviation remained between the experiment results and calculations based on this database. It also erroneously predicted γ′-phase separations and failed to describe the Ru-effect on transition temperatures.
#MedEd: exploring the relationship between altmetrics and traditional measures of dissemination in health professions education
Authors: Maggio Lauren A. , Leroux Todd C. , Meyer Holly S. , Artino Jr. Anthony R. 
Published: June 2018

Introduction Researchers, funders, and institutions are interested in understanding and quantifying research dissemination and impact, particularly related to communicating with the public. Traditionally, citations have been a primary impact measure; however, citations can be slow to accrue and focus on academic use. Recently altmetrics, which track alternate dissemination forms (e. g., social media), have been suggested as a complement to citation-based metrics. This study examines the relationship between altmetrics and traditional measures: journal article citations and access counts.
Methods The researchers queried Web of Science and Altmetric Explorer for articles published in HPE journals between 2013–2015. They identified 2,486 articles with altmetrics. Data were analyzed using negative binomial and linear regression models.
Results Blogging was associated with the greatest increase in citations (13% increase), whereas Tweets (1.2%) and Mendeley (1%) were associated with smaller increases. Journal impact factor (JIF) was associated with a 21% increase in citations. Publicly accessible articles were associated with a 19% decrease, but the interactive effect between accessible articles and JIF was associated with a 12% increase. When examining access counts, publicly accessible articles had an increase of 170 access counts whereas blogging was associated with a decrease of 87 accesses.
Discussion This study suggests that several altmetrics outlets are positively associated with citations, and that public accessibility, holding all other independent variables constant, is positively related to article access.
Lentiviral‐mediated microRNA‐26b up‐regulation inhibits proliferation and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells
Authors: Lin Chun‐Zhong , Ou Rong‐Wen , Hu Yu‐Hai 
Published: June 2018

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a frequently occurred malignancy worldwide with a high mortality. The treatment for HCC is still controversial. Emerging evidences have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRs) play a role in HCC. This study aims to investigate the effects of lentiviral‐mediated miRNA‐26b (miR‐26b) on the proliferation and metastasis of HCC cells. The normal hepatic cell line HL‐7702 and HCC cell lines HepG2 (without metastatic potential), SMMC‐7721 (with low metastatic potential) and MHCC97H (with high metastatic potential) were purchased for our experiment. The lentiviral‐mediated miR‐26b overexpression (miR‐26b‐LV) and low expression (sh‐miR‐26b) were constructed to transfect the cells. The miR‐26b expression and expressions of Karyopherin α‐2 (KPNA2), matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP‐1), MMP‐7 and MMP‐14 were determined by RT‐qPCR and western blot analysis. The proliferation and metastasis of transfected HCC cells were detected by MTT and Transwell assay respectively. The miR‐26b expressions were decreased significantly in MHCC97H cells. With lentiviral‐mediated miR‐26b overexpression, the proliferation and migration of HepG2, MHCC97H and SMMC‐7721 cells were decreased significantly. The RT‐qPCR and western blot analysis results revealed that the mRNA and protein expressions of KPNA2, MMP‐1, MMP‐7 and MMP‐14 were decreased by lentiviral‐mediated miR‐26b overexpression. All the above indexes in the HepG2, MHCC97H and SMMC‐7721 cells treated by sh‐miR‐26b exhibited opposite trends. These results show that overexpressed miR‐26b could inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of HCC cells significantly, which provides a novel target and theoretical foundation for the treatment of HCC.
WANTON GODDESSES TO UNSPOKEN WORTHIES: GENDERED HERMENEUTICS IN THECHU CI ZHANGJU
Authors: Zikpi Monica E. M. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe influentialChu ci zhangju楚辭章句, the earliest received edition of the foundational poetry anthologyChuci楚辭, performs a distinct gender bias in its exegesis of deities, and this bias accords with the Eastern Han ideology of the editor Wang Yi 王逸 (2nd c. CE) more than with immanent features of the original Warring States texts. The gender bias is an essential feature of Wang Yi’s canonization of theChuci, and it lays the groundwork of the allegorical tradition of interpreting theChuci. This paper analyzes thezhangjupresentation of archetypalChucitexts to elucidate the hermeneutic transformation of gender and religion in early China, comparing the Eastern Han exegeses with earlier and later interpretations, immanent textual features, and fresh perspectives on Warring States and Han culture that have emerged from archeological evidence. The analysis demonstrates that theChuci zhangjutreats the male deities more literally than the female deities, reflecting the reduction in status of goddesses in late Han discourse. The history of gender ideology is an essential critical lens for understanding theChuciand the tradition that emerged from it.
Rate of positive cultures necessitating definitive treatment in patients receiving empiric vancomycin therapy
Authors: Waters C. Dustin , Caraccio Joshua 
Published: June 2018

AbstractVancomycin is a commonly prescribed empiric antibiotic used when methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection is suspected. In this study, we aimed to determine the rate of culture-positive infection requiring vancomycin therapy.
The impact of political unrest in Ireland on Irish soldiers in the British army, 1914–18: a re-evaluation
Authors: Destenay Emmanuel 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn order better to understand the impact of political unrest in Ireland on Irish troops fighting in the First World War, it is necessary to acknowledge that the role of the 1916 Rising has been significantly overestimated, while the influence of the 1914 home rule crisis and the repercussions of the anti-conscription movement have been underestimated. The 1914 home rule crisis significantly impacted on the Germans’ view of the Irish and conditioned the treatment of Irish P.O.W.s from December 1914 onwards. In addition, the post-1916 Rising executions and the conscription crisis had a severe impact on Irish front-line units, while also sapping the morale of other British combatants. The 1916 Rising might have been dismissed as a military operation conceived by a handful of republicans, with little support from the wider population, but the conscription crisis brought about widespread defiance towards British rule throughout the whole of nationalist Ireland. In line with British public opinion, British front-line officers and men strongly resented Ireland’s refusal to support the war effort at such a crucial moment. The consequence was the widespread targeting and stigmatisation of their Irish comrades-in-arms. Some British officers and men resorted to a form of psychological pressure, aimed at the public shaming of Irish troops. This article draws on new primary sources available at The National Archives in London, Dublin City Archives and University of Leeds Library to argue that the 1916 Rising was not the only political event in Ireland to have repercussions for Irish battalions fighting in the First World War.
Select document: W. E. Gladstone, ‘Parliamentary Doings with the Irish Church’
Authors: Kanter Douglas , Powell John 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis article introduces a newly discovered essay by W. E. Gladstone, ‘Parliamentary Doings with the Irish Church’, originally published in the Dublin University Magazine in 1834. The introduction examines the context of the essay’s composition, relating it to the young Gladstone’s commitment to the confessional state, as well as to the contemporary debate over the appropriation of the revenues of the Church of Ireland. It then attempts to explain how – through a combination of political circumstances, Gladstone’s subtle reshaping of the historical record, and editorial confusion – a significant article, published in a major Irish journal, went virtually unnoticed for more than 180 years. ‘Parliamentary Doings with the Irish Church’, the text of which is reproduced here in full, constituted Gladstone’s first attempt to use the quarterly press to influence public opinion, anticipating his first book by four years, and what had previously been considered his first journal article by nine years.
‘Out in the cold’?: The children of the Irish Parliamentary Party and the Irish Free State
Authors: McConnel James 
Published: June 2018

AbstractDrawing on the recent scholarly interest in ‘generationism’ and the revolutionary period, this article examines the life chances of the 247 children born to the last cohort of Irish Parliamentary Party M.P.s elected to Westminster between 1910 and 1918. It employs a prosopographical approach to reconstruct their lives at specific points (1910 and 1948) in order to assess the impact that independence had on their fortunes longitudinally. While it problematises the idea that the Edwardian children of nationalist M.P.s formed part of a privileged elite in waiting, it does conclude that they enjoyed a degree of cultural and political capital that positioned them advantageously in advance of home rule. The analysis advanced here suggests that despite experiencing some political disorientation, those scions of the old I.P.P. who lived through the revolutionary years reoriented themselves relatively quickly, regrouped, and experienced considerable political and professional success during the following decades. As for those children who were born or achieved adulthood after 1922, there is little evidence to suggest that they were socially or politically ostracised, or that, in turn, they felt a sense of fundamental alienation from the new state. Ultimately, unlike those who had fought for the republic but ended up feeling as if they were among the losers, what the children of the I.P.P lost after 1918 should not obscure the fact that many of them were among the winners in the new Ireland.
Associations between obesity candidate gene polymorphisms (fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO), melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R), leptin (LEP) and leptin receptor (LEPR)) and dietary intake in pregnant women
Authors: Martins Maisa C. , Trujillo Janet , Freitas-Vilela Ana Amélia , Farias Dayana R. , Rosado Eliane L. , Struchiner Cláudio J. , Kac Gilberto 
Published: June 2018

AbstractGenetic variants associated with dietary intake may be important as factors underlying the development of obesity. We investigated the associations between the obesity candidate genes (fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO), melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R), leptin (LEP) and leptin receptor) and total energy intake and percentage of energy from macronutrients and ultra-processed foods before and during pregnancy. A sample of 149 pregnant women was followed up in a prospective cohort in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. A FFQ was administered at 5–13 and 30–36 weeks of gestation. Genotyping was performed using real-time PCR. Associations between polymorphisms and the outcomes were investigated through multiple linear regression and ANCOVA having pre-pregnancy dietary intake as a covariate. The A-allele of FTO-rs9939609 was associated with a −6·5 % (95 % CI −12·3, −0·4) decrease in the percentage of energy from protein and positively associated with the percentage of energy from carbohydrates before pregnancy (β=2·6; 95 % CI 0·5, 4·8) and with a 13·3 % (95 % CI 0·7, 27·5) increase in the total energy intake during pregnancy. The C-allele of MC4R-rs17782313 was associated with a −7·6 % (95 % CI −13·8, −1·0) decrease in the percentage of energy from protein, and positively associated with the percentage of energy from ultra-processed foods (β=5·4; 95 % CI 1·1, 9·8) during pregnancy. ANCOVA results revealed changes in dietary intake from pre-pregnancy to pregnancy for FTO-rs9939609 (percentage of energy from ultra-processed foods, P=0·03), MC4R-rs17782313 (total energy intake, P=0·02) and LEP-rs7799039 (total energy intake, P=0·04; percentage of energy from protein, P=0·04). These findings suggest significant associations between FTO-rs9939609, MC4R-rs17782313 and LEP-rs7799039 genes and the components of dietary intake in pregnant women.
An alternative approach to mixed hearing loss in otosclerosis: stapes surgery combined with an active middle-ear implant
Authors: Powell H R F , Pai I , Ghulam H , Jiang D 
Published: June 2018

AbstractObjective:To report a novel management strategy for mixed hearing loss in advanced otosclerosis.Methods:A 50-year-old male was referred to St Thomas’ Hearing Implant Centre with otosclerosis; he was no longer able to wear conventional hearing aids because of recurrent otitis externa. The patient underwent short process incus vibroplasty (using the Med-El Vibrant Soundbridge device), followed at a suitable interval (six weeks) by stapes surgery. The main outcome measures were: pure tone audiometry, functional gain and monosyllabic word recognition scores.Results:Post-operative pure tone audiometry showed a reduction of the mean air–bone gap from 55 dB HL to 20 dB HL. The residual mixed hearing loss was rehabilitated with the Vibrant Soundbridge, with an average device gain of 32 dB. The monosyllabic word recognition scores in quiet at 65 dB improved from 37 to 100 per cent when using the Vibrant Soundbridge at six months after switch-on of the device.Conclusion:Stapedotomy in conjunction with incus short process vibroplasty (i.e. inner-ear vibroplasty) is a safe and promising procedure for managing advanced otosclerosis with mixed hearing loss in selected patients.
Fronto-septal rostrum: prevalence, classification and clinical implications
Authors: Eviatar E , Golan Y , Gavriel H 
Published: June 2018

AbstractObjective:To describe a newly observed frontal sinus anatomical variant, the fronto-septal rostrum.Methods:Consecutive sinus computed tomography scans performed during 2013 were reviewed. The fronto-septal rostrum was defined as a mucosa-lined air space formed in the attachment of the most upper bony nasal septum and the central floor of the frontal sinuses.Results:The study included 400 computed tomography scans from 189 women (47.3 per cent) and 211 men (52.8 per cent), with a mean age of 46.8 years. A fronto-septal rostrum was observed in 122 patients (30.5 per cent), with a mean length of 10.63 mm, width of 4.52 mm, height of 2.18 mm and volume of 63.52 mm3. There was no statistically significant difference related to gender (p = 0.343), and no association between the side of the fronto-septal rostrum and age (p = 0.811) or volume (p = 0.203).Conclusion:The newly described fronto-septal rostrum has possible clinical and surgical implications. It is suggested that this aerated space is used in specific surgical indications and its presence evaluated in cases of septal infection.
Determination of Cardinal Temperatures of Flax-leaf Alyssum (Alyssum linifolium) in Response to Salinity, pH, and Drought Stress
Authors: Mobli Ahmadreza , Ghanbari Ali , Rastgoo Mehdi 
Published: June 2018

AbstractFlax-leaf alyssum (Alyssum linifoliumSteph. ex. Willd.) is a winter weed species in irrigated and dryland farming systems of Iran. Experiments were conducted to compare the cardinal temperatures ofA. linifoliumat different levels of drought, salt concentration, and pH. In all experiments, the dent-like model showed a better fit than the quadratic polynomial model.Alyssum linifoliumproduced the highest germination rates at pH 7 and a temperature of 20C in nonstress treatment. Minimum, optimum, and ceiling temperatures in the dent-like model were 4.1 (upper=26.8, lower=10.0) and 35C, and in the quadratic polynomial model were 3.3, 19.1, and 35.0C, respectively. At increased salinity and drought potential levels, the minimum temperature increased, while optimum and ceiling temperatures decreased. Seeds could germinate at up to 20 dS m−1and −1 MPa, respectively, but germination rate and percentage significantly decreased. The seeds of this weed germinated across a wide range of pH values (4≤pH≥8), but the temperature range at which seeds could germinate was reduced. These data serve as guidelines for species-specific propagation protocols and agricultural decision support systems.
Reconstruction of Plasmaspheric Density Distributions by Applying a Tomography Technique to Jason‐1 Plasmaspheric TEC Measurements
Authors: Kim E. , Kim Y. H. , Jee G. , Ssessanga N. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWe have developed a tomography algorithm and applied it to a plasmaspheric total electron content data set from Jason‐1 satellite (~1,336 km), which has a Global Positioning System receiver onboard. To invert the measured plasmaspheric total electron content into vertical distribution of electron density, we adopted a multiplicative algebraic reconstruction technique with an assumed initial density distribution. The reconstruction of the plasmaspheric density distribution was performed on Indian (70°E − 90°E), Pacific (200°E − 220°E), and Atlantic (320°E − 340°E) longitudinal planes during the periods of high solar activity (F10.7 > 100) and low geomagnetic activity (Ap < 12) from 2002 to 2005. The reconstructed density distribution displays general climatological characteristics of the plasmasphere. For all three longitudinal sectors, the reconstructed density distributions show weak diurnal variations being greater during daytime (09–15 LT) than nighttime (21–03 LT). In Atlantic sector, the reconstructed plasmaspheric density exhibits an annual anomaly (higher density in December than in June), which was not apparent in other longitude sectors. By fitting the reconstructed density profiles, we derived empirical functions of equatorial plasmaspheric density profiles for 4 months (March, June, September, and December) in the three longitude sectors. The parameters associated with these functions were found to exhibit diurnal variation and annual anomaly characteristics.