bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimating the probability of freedom from bovine brucellosis in the Galapagos Islands
Authors: Gioia G. , Vinueza R. L. , Cruz M. , Jay M. , Corde Y. , Marsot M. , Zanella G. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBovine brucellosis is a worldwide zoonotic disease that still burdens several countries in the Mediterranean, Asia, Africa and Latin America. Although the disease is present in Ecuador, the Galapagos Islands seem to be free from the disease based on a survey conducted in 1997 where all tested animals showed negative results. This study aimed at estimating the probability of freedom from brucellosis in this Ecuadorian province in 2014. A survey was implemented on the three main cattle-producing islands of the province: Santa Cruz, Isabela and San Cristóbal. Thirty-three cattle farms and 410 cattle were tested for brucellosis using the Rose Bengal test and indirect ELISA. All animals showed negative results for both tests. Probability of freedom was estimated at 98%, 91% and 88% for Santa Cruz, Isabela and San Cristóbal, respectively, considering a herd-level design seroprevalence of 20% and animal-level design seroprevalence of 15%, and assuming a perfect specificity of the survey. The negative results found in 1997 and present surveys suggest that the Galapagos Islands are free from bovine brucellosis.
Alcoholic family marital heterogeneity aggregates different child behavior problems both pre- and postseparation
Authors: Ip Ka I , Jester Jennifer M. , Puttler Leon I. , Zucker Robert A. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractChildren of alcoholics (COAs) are at risk for elevated internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Yet, little is known about the familial and behavioral adjustments of COAs following parental separation. Using an ecological–transactional framework, we examined how multiple risk factors contributed to the formation of different alcoholic family structures and how living in heterogeneous family structures affected COAs’ behavioral problems. The Michigan Longitudinal Study, a multiwave study on initially intact alcoholic and control families with preschool-age children (n= 503), was used to evaluate outcomes of offspring, when families either remained intact or were separated when the child was aged 12–14. Alcoholic families who later transitioned into stepfamilies were characterized with higher paternal antisociality, marital aggression, and serious family crises than alcoholic families that remained intact. COAs in stepfamilies (but not in single-parent families) exhibited higher levels of internalizing and externalizing symptoms in preadolescence compared with those in alcoholic intact families, in part because of elevated behavioral risk at age 3. Structural equation modeling indicated that the aggregated risk of stepfamily residence directly related to COAs’ internalizing and indirectly related to COAs’ externalizing problems, partially mediated by family stressors. Findings suggest targeting COAs in separated families for early intervention.
Reexamining the Factorial Validity of the 16-Item Scale Measuring	Need for Cognition
Authors: Zhang Ying , Klopp Eric , Dietrich Heike , Brünken Roland , Krause Ulrike-Marie , Spinath Birgit , Stark Robin , Spinath Frank M. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract. A growing body of studies has emphasized the need to consider method effects due to positively and negatively worded items for a better understanding of the factorial structure of psychological constructs. In particular, several researchers identified such method factors besides the content factor for various scales measuring Need for Cognition (NFC). However, regarding the factorial validity of the 16-item NFC scale developed by Bless, Wänke, Bohner, Fellhauer, and Schwartz (1994) , only a one-factor structure without the inclusion of possible method factors has been examined so far. Therefore, we considered such method factors in a broader reexamination of the factorial validity of this measure by investigating a range of structural models in two samples ( n = 830, n = 500). We found that a one-factor solution as proposed by Bertrams and Dickhäuser (2010) and Bless et al. (1994) did not fit the data, whereas the inclusion of method factors improved the model fit significantly. According to our results, the model including both the content factor and two uncorrelated method factors yielded the best model fit. In sum, our results provide an extended view of the factorial validity of the 16-item scale of NFC.
Using Tsunami Waves Reflected at the Coast to Improve Offshore Earthquake Source Parameters: Application to the 2016 Mw 7.1 Te Araroa Earthquake, New Zealand
Authors: Kubota Tatsuya , Saito Tatsuhiko , Ito Yoshihiro , Kaneko Yoshihiro , Wallace Laura M. , Suzuki Syuichi , Hino Ryota , Henrys Stuart 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe Te Araroa earthquake occurred on 2 September 2016 (local time) offshore of the northeastern coast of New Zealand's North Island (Mw 7.1). When this event occurred, ocean bottom pressure gauges (OBPs), installed ~170 km south of the source area, clearly recorded direct tsunami from the source to OBPs (~ −1.5 cm), and tsunami from coastal reflections (~2 cm). We estimate the centroid location that best reproduces the OBP waveforms. When using the direct wave alone, the centroid location is poorly constrained, with a horizontal uncertainty of ~100 km. By combining both direct and reflected tsunami waveforms, we obtain a centroid location near the Global Centroid Moment Tensor centroid (~80 km northeast from the coast) with smaller uncertainty (~40 km). We also estimate the earthquake source dimension (length and width) and found that the models using coastal reflections require a source dimension larger than ~30 km long. Based on the slip distribution obtained by the finite fault inversion, we obtain an energy‐based stress drop ΔσEof 1.0 MPa, consistent with typical earthquake stress drop values. This study shows that the information added by coastal reflected tsunami provides much tighter constraints on the centroid location, source dimension, and stress drop of offshore earthquakes, which is difficult to obtain from the onshore seismic data alone. Future studies should utilize the information provided by coastal reflected waves to improve earthquake source modeling using ocean bottom pressure data.
A Polar‐Cap Patch Detection Algorithm for the Advanced Modular Incoherent Scatter Radar System
Authors: Perry G. W. , St.‐Maurice J.‐P. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWe introduce an algorithm to detect polar‐cap patches in an Advanced Modular Incoherent Scatter Radar data set, using the Resolute Bay Incoherent Scatter Radar—North. Patches are detected by comparing plasma density (ne) measurements along each radar beam to a 30‐min running average of the median ne within the field‐of‐view. The algorithm is tested and shown to be an effective tool for polar‐cap patch studies. It is then used to conduct a survey of patches over Resolute Bay for two separate periods of time centered on March and December of 2010. The survey shows that polar‐cap patches are almost always present in both sunlit and nighttime conditions. However, the population is subdued during the day. The patch densities are found to vary by as much as an order of magnitude throughout the day. Their ion temperature is relatively constant, only varying by 100 K between the sunlit and nighttime conditions. By contrast, their electron temperature is very sensitive to the solar zenith angle and changes dramatically around sunrise.
Integrated Bayesian Estimation of Intensity‐Duration‐Frequency Curves: Consolidation and Extensive Testing of a Method
Authors: Boukhelifa M. , Meddi M. , Gaume E. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIntensity‐duration‐frequency (IDF) curves are one of the most common rainfall statistical models used in hydrologic design and analysis projects. The uncertainties related to the elaboration of these IDF curves have nevertheless seldom been evaluated in the past. The article will recall the existing link between the IDF formulation and some properties of the rainfall series such as simple scaling and multifractal structure. Assuming that these properties are valid, the IDF curves formulation is then the product of a dimensionless (i.e., reduced) distribution function for the annual maximum rainfall intensities/depths and a duration‐dependent scaling factor. Its parameters can be evaluated in an integrated way (i.e., based on a unique pooled sample of peak intensities over a range of durations: from 15 min to 24 hr). The use of likelihood‐based Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo statistical inference methods for this evaluation provides consistent uncertainties for all the parameters of the IDF relation and for the corresponding rainfall quantiles. This methodology has been tested, via a local analysis, on a large data set of 48 rain gauge records, spread over the north central part of Algeria (25,000 km2), under various climatic regimes. The integrated approach is undoubtedly consistent with estimates from annual maximum rainfall fitted to single durations. Furthermore, credibility intervals are significantly reduced. Also, this integrated approach appears to be robust: Unlike the traditional method based single durations, it generally provides rational quantile estimates, even when short observed series are available. This is a significant advantage for engineering applications.
Urinary biomarker panel for diagnosing patients with depression and anxiety disorders
Authors: Chen Jian-jun , Bai Shun-Jie , Li Wen-wen , Zhou Chan-juan , Zheng Peng , Fang Liang , Wang Hai-yang , Liu Yi-yun , Xie Peng 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAvailable data indicate that patients with depression and anxiety disorders are likely to be at greater risk for suicide. Therefore, it is important to correctly diagnose patients with depression and anxiety disorders. However, there are still no empirical laboratory methods to objectively diagnose these patients. In this study, the multiple metabolomics platforms were used to profile the urine samples from 32 healthy controls and 32 patients with depression and anxiety disorders for identifying differential metabolites and potential biomarkers. Then, 16 healthy controls and 16 patients with depression and anxiety disorders were used to independently validate the diagnostic performance of the identified biomarkers. Finally, a panel consisting of four biomarkers—N-methylnicotinamide, aminomalonic acid, azelaic acid and hippuric acid—was identified. This panel was capable of distinguishing patients with depression and anxiety disorders from healthy controls with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.977 in the training set and 0.934 in the testing set. Meanwhile, we found that these identified differential metabolites were mainly involved in three metabolic pathways and five molecular and cellular functions. Our results could lay the groundwork for future developing a urine-based diagnostic method for patients with depression and anxiety disorders.
LUBAC prevents lethal dermatitis by inhibiting cell death induced by TNF, TRAIL and CD95L
Authors: Taraborrelli Lucia , Peltzer Nieves , Montinaro Antonella , Kupka Sebastian , Rieser Eva , Hartwig Torsten , Sarr Aida , Darding Maurice , Draber Peter , Haas Tobias L. , Akarca Ayse , Marafioti Teresa , Pasparakis Manolis , Bertin John , Gough Peter J. , Bouillet Philippe , Strasser Andreas , Leverkus Martin , Silke John , Walczak Henning 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC), composed of HOIP, HOIL-1 and SHARPIN, is required for optimal TNF-mediated gene activation and to prevent cell death induced by TNF. Here, we demonstrate that keratinocyte-specific deletion of HOIP or HOIL-1 (E-KO) results in severe dermatitis causing postnatal lethality. We provide genetic and pharmacological evidence that the postnatal lethal dermatitis inHoipE-KOandHoil-1E-KOmice is caused by TNFR1-induced, caspase-8-mediated apoptosis that occurs independently of the kinase activity of RIPK1. In the absence of TNFR1, however, dermatitis develops in adulthood, triggered by RIPK1-kinase-activity-dependent apoptosis and necroptosis. Strikingly, TRAIL or CD95L can redundantly induce this disease-causing cell death, as combined loss of their respective receptors is required to prevent TNFR1-independent dermatitis. These findings may have implications for the treatment of patients with mutations that perturb linear ubiquitination and potentially also for patients with inflammation-associated disorders that are refractory to inhibition of TNF alone.
Lineage dynamics of murine pancreatic development at single-cell resolution
Authors: Byrnes Lauren E. , Wong Daniel M. , Subramaniam Meena , Meyer Nathaniel P. , Gilchrist Caroline L. , Knox Sarah M. , Tward Aaron D. , Ye Chun J. , Sneddon Julie B. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractOrganogenesis requires the complex interactions of multiple cell lineages that coordinate their expansion, differentiation, and maturation over time. Here, we profile the cell types within the epithelial and mesenchymal compartments of the murine pancreas across developmental time using a combination of single-cell RNA sequencing, immunofluorescence, in situ hybridization, and genetic lineage tracing. We identify previously underappreciated cellular heterogeneity of the developing mesenchyme and reconstruct potential lineage relationships among the pancreatic mesothelium and mesenchymal cell types. Within the epithelium, we find a previously undescribed endocrine progenitor population, as well as an analogous population in both human fetal tissue and human embryonic stem cells differentiating toward a pancreatic beta cell fate. Further, we identify candidate transcriptional regulators along the differentiation trajectory of this population toward the alpha or beta cell lineages. This work establishes a roadmap of pancreatic development and demonstrates the broad utility of this approach for understanding lineage dynamics in developing organs.
Single cell molecular alterations reveal target cells and pathways of concussive brain injury
Authors: Arneson Douglas , Zhang Guanglin , Ying Zhe , Zhuang Yumei , Byun Hyae Ran , Ahn In Sook , Gomez-Pinilla Fernando , Yang Xia 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe complex neuropathology of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is difficult to dissect, given the convoluted cytoarchitecture of affected brain regions such as the hippocampus. Hippocampal dysfunction during TBI results in cognitive decline that may escalate to other neurological disorders, the molecular basis of which is hidden in the genomic programs of individual cells. Using the unbiased single cell sequencing method Drop-seq, we report that concussive TBI affects previously undefined cell populations, in addition to classical hippocampal cell types. TBI also impacts cell type-specific genes and pathways and alters gene co-expression across cell types, suggesting hidden pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic target pathways. Modulating the thyroid hormone pathway as informed by the T4 transporter transthyretin Ttr mitigates TBI-associated genomic and behavioral abnormalities. Thus, single cell genomics provides unique information about how TBI impacts diverse hippocampal cell types, adding new insights into the pathogenic pathways amenable to therapeutics in TBI and related disorders.
The evolution of multiple active site configurations in a designed enzyme
Authors: Hong Nan-Sook , Petrović Dušan , Lee Richmond , Gryn’ova Ganna , Purg Miha , Saunders Jake , Bauer Paul , Carr Paul D. , Lin Ching-Yeh , Mabbitt Peter D. , Zhang William , Altamore Timothy , Easton Chris , Coote Michelle L. , Kamerlin Shina C. L. , Jackson Colin J. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractDevelopments in computational chemistry, bioinformatics, and laboratory evolution have facilitated the de novo design and catalytic optimization of enzymes. Besides creating useful catalysts, the generation and iterative improvement of designed enzymes can provide valuable insight into the interplay between the many phenomena that have been suggested to contribute to catalysis. In this work, we follow changes in conformational sampling, electrostatic preorganization, and quantum tunneling along the evolutionary trajectory of a designed Kemp eliminase. We observe that in the Kemp Eliminase KE07, instability of the designed active site leads to the emergence of two additional active site configurations. Evolutionary conformational selection then gradually stabilizes the most efficient configuration, leading to an improved enzyme. This work exemplifies the link between conformational plasticity and evolvability and demonstrates that residues remote from the active sites of enzymes play crucial roles in controlling and shaping the active site for efficient catalysis.
Sex and species specific hearing mechanisms in mosquito flagellar ears
Authors: Su Matthew P. , Andrés Marta , Boyd-Gibbins Nicholas , Somers Jason , Albert Joerg T. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractHearing is essential for the courtship of one of the major carriers of human disease, the mosquito. Males locate females through flight-tone recognition and both sexes engage in mid-air acoustic communications, which can take place within swarms containing thousands of individuals. Despite the importance of hearing for mosquitoes, its mechanisms are still largely unclear. We here report a multilevel analysis of auditory function across three disease-transmitting mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti, Anopheles gambiae and Culex quinquefasciatus). All ears tested display transduction-dependent power gain. Quantitative analyses of mechanotransducer function reveal sex-specific and species-specific variations, including male-specific, highly sensitive transducer populations. Systemic blocks of neurotransmission result in large-amplitude oscillations only in male flagellar receivers, indicating sexually dimorphic auditory gain control mechanisms. Our findings identify modifications of auditory function as a key feature in mosquito evolution. We propose that intra-swarm communication has been a driving force behind the observed sex-specific and species-specific diversity.
Unraveling connectivity changes due to dopaminergic therapy in chronically treated Parkinson’s disease patients
Authors: Ballarini Tommaso , Růžička Filip , Bezdicek Ondrej , Růžička Evžen , Roth Jan , Villringer Arno , Vymazal Josef , Mueller Karsten , Schroeter Matthias L. , Jech Robert 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe effects of dopaminergic therapy for Parkinson’s disease (PD) on the brain functional architecture are still unclear. We investigated this topic in 31 PD patients (disease duration: 11.2 ± (SD) 3.6 years) who underwent clinical and MRI assessments under chronic dopaminergic treatment (duration: 8.3 ± (SD) 4.4 years) and after its withdrawal. Thirty healthy controls were also included. Functional and morphological changes were studied, respectively, with eigenvector centrality mapping and seed-based connectivity, and voxel-based morphometry. Patients off medication, compared to controls, showed increased connectivity in cortical sensorimotor areas extending to the cerebello-thalamo-cortical pathway and parietal and frontal brain structures. Dopaminergic therapy normalized this increased connectivity. Notably, patients showed decreased interconnectedness in the medicated compared to the unmedicated condition, encompassing putamen, precuneus, supplementary motor and sensorimotor areas bilaterally. Similarly, lower connectivity was found comparing medicated patients to controls, overlapping with the within-group comparison in the putamen. Seed-based analyses revealed that dopaminergic therapy reduced connectivity in motor and default mode networks. Lower connectivity in the putamen correlated with longer disease duration, medication dose, and motor symptom improvement. Notably, atrophy and connectivity changes were topographically dissociated. After chronic treatment, dopaminergic therapy decreases connectivity of key motor and default mode network structures that are abnormally elevated in PD off condition.
Brain Connectivity Exposed by Anisotropic X-ray Dark-field Tomography
Authors: Wieczorek Matthias , Schaff Florian , Jud Christoph , Pfeiffer Daniela , Pfeiffer Franz , Lasser Tobias 
Published: September 2018

AbstractTo understand the interaction of different parts of the human brain it is essential to know how they are connected. Such connections are predominantly related to the brain’s white matter, which forms the neuronal pathways, the axons. These axons, also referred to as nerve fibers, have a size on the micrometer scale and are therefore too small to be imaged by standard X-ray systems. In this paper, we use a grating interferometer and a method based on Anisotropic X-ray Dark-field Tomography (AXDT) with the goal to generate a three-dimensional tomographic reconstruction of these functional structures. A first preclinical survey shows that we successfully reconstruct the orientations of the brain fibers connectivity with our approach.
Prediagnostic detection of mesothelioma by circulating calretinin and mesothelin – a case-control comparison nested into a prospective cohort of asbestos-exposed workers
Authors: Johnen Georg , Burek Katarzyna , Raiko Irina , Wichert Katharina , Pesch Beate , Weber Daniel G. , Lehnert Martin , Casjens Swaantje , Hagemeyer Olaf , Taeger Dirk , Brüning Thomas ,   MoMar Study Group, Brik Alexander , Delbanco Judith , Dumont Bettina , Gleichenhagen Jan , Gross Ulrike , Heimann Heike , Heinze Evelyn , Kobek Monika , Lechtenfeld Claudia , Meier Swetlana , Meinig Carmen , Naumann Simone , Putzke Simone , Rihs Hans-Peter , Rozynek Peter , Schonefeld Sandra , Schreiber Jens , Szafranski Katja , Wiethege Thorsten , Zilch-Schöneweis Sandra 
Published: September 2018

AbstractMalignant mesothelioma (MM) is strongly associated with a previous asbestos exposure. To improve timely detection of MM in asbestos workers, better screening tools – like minimally-invasive biomarkers – are desirable. Between 2008 and 2018 2,769 patients with benign asbestos-related diseases were recruited to participate in annual screens. Using a nested case-control design the protein markers calretinin and mesothelin were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in prediagnostic plasma samples of 34 MM cases as well as 136 matched controls from the cohort. Conditional on a pre-defined specificity of 98% for calretinin and 99% for mesothelin the markers reached individual sensitivities of 31% and 23%, respectively, when including the incident cases with samples taken between one and 15 months before diagnosis. The combination of both markers increased the sensitivity to 46% at 98% specificity. Marker complementation increased with earlier sampling. The marker combination improves the sensitivity of the individual markers, indicating a useful complementation and suggesting that additional markers may further improve the performance. This is the first prospective cohort study to evaluate a detection of MM by calretinin and its combination with mesothelin up to about a year before clinical diagnosis. Whether an earlier diagnosis will result in reduced mortality has yet to be demonstrated.