bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cuatro estrategias didácticas basadas en arte contemporáneo: El proceso educativo como obra de arte a través de Metodologías Artísticas de Enseñanza-Aprendizaje
Authors: Rubio Fernández Andrea 
Published: September 2018

<p>A través de estas cuatro estrategias didácticas realizamos, en primer lugar, una propuesta de investigación educativa basada en las artes visuales utilizando la estrategia didáctica como método de investigación, como medio expresivo y como lenguaje. En segundo lugar aportamos una propuesta de enseñanza a través de metodologías artísticas desde las estrategias de las formas discursivas del arte, como forma de aprendizaje y enseñanza. Las Metodologías Artísticas de Enseñanza, son la base de esta investigación y con ella realizamos propuestas concretas dentro de sus desarrollos didácticos. Proponemos una reflexión sobre cuestiones educativas y artísticas a partir de estructuras conceptuales pedagógicas que se plantean con la intención de dar lugar al desarrollo y a la creación de nuevas estrategias educativas, nuevas reflexiones y formas metodológicas de enseñanza del arte y basadas en arte. Así, en éste artículo proponemos una serie de estrategias didácticas en torno a la educación artística, que proponen una revisión de nuestra experiencia educativa y dan cuenta de ella. Estas estrategias han sido llevadas a cabo dentro del proyecto de Educación Artística "Lainopia" que se desarrolla en distintos espacios de Asturias.</p>
Nuevos estudios de infancia, política de infancia y derechos de los niños y niñas
Authors: Sünker Heinz , Moran-Ellis Jo 
Published: September 2018

En un momento en que el futuro de la democracia está en juego, es necesario reconocer la importancia de la contribución que los "nuevos" estudios de la infancia pueden hacer para asegurar ese futuro, particularmente con respecto a establecer la importancia de la agencia y la competencia social de los niños (en diferentes ámbitos de la vida cotidiana) como actores sociales políticos. La combinación de estos reconocimientos con la tarea de conceptualizar las políticas de infancia (en forma de políticas con niños) y un desarrollo emancipador en el campo de los derechos del niño es vital para unos debates socio-teóricos y socio-políticos más completos sobre las soluciones al problema de un futuro humano positivo para todas las generaciones. En este artículo mostramos cómo las conceptualizaciones y el trabajo empírico de los estudios de infancia realzan el papel que los derechos de los niños pueden desempeñar en la mejora de los procesos democráticos en el nivel de la sociedad, es decir, en la participación real. Esto va más allá de la tendencia a tratar los derechos de los niños como una cuestión de interés individual, en su lugar se aboga por una consideración de los derechos y de la agencia de los niños como una condición social para la democracia.
Electrochemical Anodizing Treatment to Enhance Localized Corrosion Resistance of Pure Titanium
Authors: Prando Davide , Brenna Andrea , Bolzoni Fabio M. , Diamanti Maria V. , Pedeferri Mariapia , Ormellese Marco 
Published: September 2018

Background Titanium has outstanding corrosion resistance due to the thin protective oxide layer that is formed on its surface. Nevertheless, in harsh and severe environments, pure titanium may suffer localized corrosion. In those conditions, costly titanium alloys containing palladium, nickel and molybdenum are used. This purpose investigated how it is possible to control corrosion, at lower cost, by electrochemical surface treatment on pure titanium, increasing the thickness of the natural oxide layer. Methods Anodic oxidation was performed on titanium by immersion in H2SO4 solution and applying voltages ranging from 10 to 80 V. Different anodic current densities were considered. Potentiodynamic tests in chloride- and fluoride-containing solutions were carried out on anodized titanium to determine the pitting potential. Results All tested anodizing treatments increased corrosion resistance of pure titanium, but never reached the performance of titanium alloys. The best corrosion behavior was obtained on titanium anodized at voltages lower than 40 V at 20 mA/cm2. Conclusions Titanium samples anodized at low cell voltage were seen to give high corrosion resistance in chloride- and fluoride-containing solutions. Electrolyte bath and anodic current density have little effect on the corrosion behavior.
Avaliação da digestibilidade do extrato de levedura em cães
Authors: Kaelle Gislaine Cristina Bill , Dos Santos Carolina Dallagassa , Machado Melisa Frucutoso , De Barros Emily Matsunaga , Zattoni Dorie Fernanda De Moraes , Félix Ananda Portella 
Published: September 2018

Objetivou-se determinar, isoladamente, por meio do método de regressão, os coeficientes de digestibilidade aparente (CDA) e energia metabolizável (EM) do extrato de levedura em cães. Foram avaliadas quatro dietas: Controle (0%), 4%, 8% e 12% de levedura em substituição à dieta controle. Foram utilizados 12 cães adultos da raça Beagle, distribuídos em blocos ao acaso, totalizando 6 repetições por tratamento. Não houve diferença para os CDA dos nutrientes e EM das dietas (P>0,05). Com exceção do CDA da proteína bruta, que reduziu linearmente (P<0,05) com a inclusão do extrato de leveduras. O extrato de levedura apresentou CDA da matéria seca de 77,4%, da matéria orgânica de 81,7%, da proteína bruta de 55,7% e EM de 4947,3 kcal/kg.
Análise de rótulos de rações secas denominadas light para cães
Authors: Rodrigues Gabriel Dutra , Buhr Gabriele , Castilho Ana Cláudia , Hauptli Lucélia , Moraes Priscila Oliveira 
Published: September 2018

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a composição nutricional declarada e os alimentos que constam no rótulo de rações denominadas light para cães. Foram analisados 17 rótulos de rações secas lights para cães, quanto ao nível de proteína bruta (PB), extrato etéreo (EE), fibra bruta (FB), matéria mineral (MM) e calculou-se a energia metabolizável (EM). Para porte pequeno observou-se em média 26,43% PB, 7,83% EE, 6,07% FB, 7,57 % MM e 3452 Kcal/kg EM e, respectivamente, para todos os portes: 24,44 %, 8,00%, 7,30%, 8,25 %, 3292 Kcal/kg. Os alimentos frequentemente encontrados foram ovo desidratado (47,06%), levedura de cerveja (64,71%), milho (70,59%), polpa de beterraba (82,35%), farinha de vísceras (88,24%) e arroz e subprodutos (100%).Apenas 47,06% das rações apresentaram L-carnitina em sua composição variando de 0,035% a 0,30% seu nível de inclusão. Há uma grande variação na composição nutricional declarada nas rações lightspara cães.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for World Journal of English Language, Vol. 8, No. 2
Authors: Nelson Joe 
Published: September 2018

World Journal of English Language (WJEL) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether WJEL publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 8, Number 2Amelia Maria CavaJessica Aliaga LavrijsenKenan YerliMaría Luisa CarrióRoberto Martínez Mateo Joe NelsonEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of World Journal of English LanguageSciedu Press-----------------------------------------1120 Finch Avenue West, Suite 701-309, Toronto, ON., M3J 3H7, CanadaTel: 1-416-479-0028 ext. 218Fax: 1-416-642-8548Email: wjel@sciedupress.comWeb: http://wjel.sciedupress.com
Importance of Measuring Hand and Foot Function Over the Disease Course in Rheumatoid Arthritis: An Eight‐Year Follow‐Up Study
Authors: Bremander Ann , Forslind Kristina , Eberhardt Kerstin , Andersson Maria L. E. 
Published: September 2018

ObjectiveTo assess function using the Signals of Functional Impairment (SOFI) instrument over 8 years, to study clinical variables associated with the change, and to study change over time of the SOFI items.MethodsIn total, 1,223 patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) from the Better Anti‐Rheumatic Farmacotherapy (BARFOT) cohort (mean ± SD age 56.9 ± 15.4 years, 67% women) were included in the analysis. Data from baseline and from 1 and 8 years were studied. The SOFI instrument includes measures of range of motion in the hand, shoulder/arm, and lower extremity (range 0–44, best to worst). The effects of baseline variables (sociodemographic, disease activity, joint destruction, and function) on change in SOFI scores were studied by linear regression analysis.ResultsDuring the first year, the improvement in mean ± SD SOFI scores was 2.7 ± 5.7 (P < 0.001). Worse scores in the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints and Health Assessment Questionnaire score at baseline were associated with this improvement (r2 ≤ 0.11). During the next 7 years, the deterioration in SOFI scores was mean ± SD 1.5 ± 4.9 (P < 0.001). Based on change scores, we found that finger flexion, pincer grip, and toe‐standing were the most important items to measure, explaining 58–61% of the total SOFI score, and these items were also associated with radiographic changes at the 8‐year follow‐up.ConclusionFunction as assessed with SOFI scores improved during the first year in patients with early RA, but it deteriorated slowly thereafter. Impaired hand and foot function was associated with joint destruction at the 8‐year follow‐up. Measures of hand and foot function will complement self‐reported and medical data, both in clinical work and in long‐term research studies.
Dipole Formation at the MoO3/Conjugated Polymer Interface
Authors: Yin Yanting , Sibley Alex , Quinton Jamie S. , Lewis David A. , Andersson Gunther G. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractMoO3 is known as high work function (WF) transparent metal oxides. It is used as anode buffer layer in organic based solar cells because of its capability to extract electrons and inject holes from the active layer due to its high WF. Here a broad range of techniques is used to determine the energy levels of the bulk heterojunction (BHJ) and MoO3 to determine that the minimum deposition thickness to achieve a closed layer is 1 nm due to penetration of the evaporated MoO3 into the BHJ. The investigation shows that upon evaporation of the MoO3, a strong dipole is formed at the extended interface between the active layer and the MoO3 and that the strength of the dipole increases with increasing thickness of the MoO3 layer and saturates at 2.2 eV at a thickness around 3 nm.
Supramolecular Carbon Monoxide‐Releasing Peptide Hydrogel Patch
Authors: Kim Inhye , Han Eun Hee , Bang Woo‐Young , Ryu Jooyeon , Min Jin‐Young , Nam Hyeong Chan , Park Won Ho , Chung Young‐Ho , Lee Eunji 
Published: September 2018

AbstractCarbon monoxide (CO) is recently accepted as a therapeutic molecule that exhibits remarkable biological actions, including anti‐inflammation, antiapoptosis, and cytoprotection, at a physiological level. For clinical use without the side effect of tissue hypoxia, which arises from the uncontrolled administration of CO in the human body, CO‐releasing molecules (CORMs) are developed to ensure safe and efficient CO‐delivery. Herein, a syringe‐injectable CO‐releasing peptide hydrogel (COH) and a corresponding bioadhesive hydrogel patch (COHP), developed by rational supramolecular chemistry, to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of CO with controllable CO‐release to a specific tissue is report. The injectable COH is prepared by self‐assembly of the CORM‐attached peptides with a gel‐forming diphenylalanine‐derivative, resulting in fibrillar networks and exhibiting prolonged CO‐release compared with CORMs. Furthermore, Ca2+‐chelating and mussel‐derived catechol‐functionalized peptides are introduced to afford a mechanically rigid, bioadhesive COHP that elicits cytoprotective and anti‐inflammatory activities. The supramolecular COHP can be utilized in the efficient CO‐delivery to the site of interest by conformal contacts, making it a promising scaffold for biomedical applications.
Novel Defense Mechanisms in the Armor of the Scales of the “Living Fossil” Coelacanth Fish
Authors: Quan Haocheng , Yang Wen , Schaible Eric , Ritchie Robert O. , Meyers Marc A. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractHere, experiments and analysis revealing the unique defense mechanisms of the coelacanth, a lobe‐finned fish termed a “living fossil”, are reported, as it was considered to be extinct until 1938, but extant for 400 million years. This defense is provided by primitive elasmoid scales having a rare double‐twisted Bouligand structure of lamellae which provides extraordinary resistance to deformation without failure. Distinct from other elasmoid scales, the collagen fibrils in the coelacanth fish scales form bundles which are embedded in a matrix comprising fibers arranged perpendicular to the layered (double‐twisted Bouligand) structure that provide added rigidity and resistance to deformation. Using in situ synchrotron small‐angle X‐ray scattering during uniaxial tensile testing, the deformation mechanisms of the collagen are identified in terms of fibril stretching, reorientation, sliding, bending, and delamination. The unique structure of the coelacanth scales, distinct from modern elasmoid scales such as the carp, provides a variety of mechanisms to arrest cracking, making it an outstanding damage‐tolerant material to resist predator attacks.
Planar Alignment of Graphene Sheets by a Rotating Magnetic Field for Full Exploitation of Graphene as a 2D Material
Authors: Lin Feng , Yang Guang , Niu Chao , Wang Yanan , Zhu Zhuan , Luo Haokun , Dai Chong , Mayerich David , Hu Yandi , Hu Jonathan , Zhou Xufeng , Liu Zhaoping , Wang Zhiming M. , Bao Jiming 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPlanar alignment of disc‐like nanomaterials is required to transfer their superior anisotropic properties from microscopic individual structures to macroscopic collective assemblies. However, such alignment by electrical or magnetic field is challenging due to their additional degrees of orientational freedom compared to that of rod‐like nanostructures. Here, the realization of planar alignment of suspended graphene sheets using a rotating magnetic field produced by a pair of small NdFeB magnets and subsequent demonstration of high optical anisotropy and potential novel device applications is reported. Compared to partially aligned sheets with a static magnetic field, planar aligned graphene suspensions exhibit a near‐perfect order parameter, much higher birefringence and anisotropic absorption/transmission. A unique feature of discotic nanomaterial assemblies is that the observed order parameter and optical property can vary from isotropic to partial and complete alignment depending on the experimental configuration. By immobilizing and patterning aligned graphene in a UV‐curable polymer resin, we further demonstrated an all‐graphene permanent display, which exhibits wide‐angle, high dark‐bright contrast in either transmission or reflection mode without any polarizing optics. The ability to control and pattern graphene orientation in all three dimensions opens up new exploration and broad device applications of graphene.
T‐Cell‐Mimicking Nanoparticles Can Neutralize HIV Infectivity
Authors: Wei Xiaoli , Zhang Gang , Ran Danni , Krishnan Nishta , Fang Ronnie H. , Gao Weiwei , Spector Stephen A. , Zhang Liangfang 
Published: September 2018

AbstractTo improve human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treatment and prevention, therapeutic strategies that can provide effective and broad‐spectrum neutralization against viral infection are highly desirable. Inspired by recent advances of cell‐membrane coating technology, herein, plasma membranes of CD4+ T cells are collected and coated onto polymeric cores. The resulting T‐cell‐membrane‐coated nanoparticles (denoted as “TNPs”) inherit T cell surface antigens critical for HIV binding, such as CD4 receptor and CCR5 or CXCR4 coreceptors. The TNPs act as decoys for viral attack and neutralize HIV by diverting the viruses away from their intended host targets. This decoy strategy, which simulates host cell functions for viral neutralization rather than directly suppressing viral replication machinery, has the potential to overcome HIV genetic diversity while not eliciting high selective pressure. In this study, it is demonstrated that TNPs selectively bind with gp120, a key envelope glycoprotein of HIV, and inhibit gp120‐induced killing of bystander CD4+ T cells. Furthermore, when added to HIV viruses, TNPs effectively neutralize the viral infection of peripheral mononuclear blood cells and human‐monocyte‐derived macrophages in a dose‐dependent manner. Overall, by leveraging natural T cell functions, TNPs show great potential as a new therapeutic agent against HIV infection.
Microalga‐Powered Microswimmers toward Active Cargo Delivery
Authors: Yasa Oncay , Erkoc Pelin , Alapan Yunus , Sitti Metin 
Published: September 2018

AbstractNature presents intriguing biological swimmers with innate energy harvesting abilities from their local environments. Use of natural swimmers as cargo delivery agents presents an alternative strategy to transport therapeutics inside the body to locations otherwise difficult to access by traditional delivery strategies. Herein, a biocompatible biohybrid microswimmer powered by a unicellular freshwater green microalga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, is reported. Polyelectrolyte‐functionalized magnetic spherical cargoes (1 µm in diameter) are attached to surface of the microalgae via noncovalent interactions without the requirement for any chemical reaction. The 3D swimming motility of the constructed biohybrid algal microswimmers is characterized in the presence and absence of a uniform magnetic fields. In addition, motility of both microalgae and biohybrid algal microswimmers is investigated in various physiologically relevant conditions, including cell culture medium, human tubal fluid, plasma, and blood. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the algal microswimmers are cytocompatible when co‐cultured with healthy and cancerous cells. Finally, fluorescent isothiocyanate‐dextran (a water‐soluble polysaccharide) molecules are effectively delivered to mammalian cells using the biohybrid algal microswimmers as a proof‐of‐concept active cargo delivery demonstration. The microswimmer design described here presents a new class of biohybrid microswimmers with greater biocompatibility and motility for targeted delivery applications in medicine.
Self‐Adapting Wettability of ReS2 under a Constant Stimulus
Authors: Wang Wenjie , Zhang Jiaqian , Zhang Qin , Wan Siyu , Zhu Xiaohui , Zhang Qiqi , Wang Wanying , Zhang Yujing , Liu Yongjun , Fu Lei 
Published: September 2018

AbstractResponsive materials (RMs) are attracting intense interest for their critical roles in intelligent designs. So far, only by means of applying complicated and multiple stimuli can physical properties of the solid surface realize a transition, limiting their practical applications. Here, the smart self‐adapting wettability (SAW) of ReS2 under sustaining light irradiation, which breaks the stereotype that a single stimulus leads to a monotonic change in properties or structures, is presented. The additional valence electron and defects ensure ReS2 has a stronger gas adsorption and better hydrolysis capability. Combining theoretical calculations and experimental results, its mechanism, including three stages, namely, hydroxyl substitution, formation of hydrogen bonds, and water desorption, is confirmed. Notably, other transition metal dichalcogenides covering MoS2 and WS2 exhibit a similar automatic transition of hydrophobic–hydrophilic–hydrophobic state. This unique SAW provides a brand‐new insight to broaden the applications of RMs, which will undoubtedly pave a novel way in RMs design and further devices optimization.
Flexible Nitrogen‐Doped 2D Titanium Carbides (MXene) Films Constructed by an Ex Situ Solvothermal Method with Extraordinary Volumetric Capacitance
Authors: Yang Chenhui , Tang Yi , Tian Yapeng , Luo Yangyang , Faraz Ud Din Muhammad , Yin Xingtian , Que Wenxiu 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA facile and controllable strategy, which combines solvothermal treatment with ex situ nitrogen doping by using urea saturated alcohol solution or monoethanolamine as nitrogen source, is used to prepare flexible, freestanding, and compact nitrogen‐doped delaminated Ti3C2 (abbreviated N‐Ti3C2) film electrodes for symmetric electrochemical capacitors (ECs). Compared with the N sites from in situ N solid solution doping, those of ex situ N solvothermal doping enable larger contributions to the capacitance through regulating nitrogen species and content. As a result, the urea‐assisted N‐Ti3C2 (UN‐Ti3C2) film exhibits an ultrahigh volumetric capacitance of 2836 F cm−3 (927 F g−1) at 5 mV s−1 in 3 m H2SO4 solution. This value surpasses the all previously reported volumetric performance of MXenes. A large capacitance of 2643 F cm−3 (786 F g−1) is also obtained for the monoethanolamine‐assisted N‐Ti3C2 film. In addition, the symmetric electrochemical capacitor fabricated from the binder‐free UN‐Ti3C2 film exhibits a high volumetric energy density of 76 Wh L−1, which is the highest value achieved compared to those of MXenes so far. This work presents the effects of nitrogen species and solvothermal treatment on the electrochemical performance of MXene, and opens up an exciting opportunity for fabricating highly flexible and integrated ECs.
Benzodithiazole‐Based Hole‐Transporting Material for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Swetha T. , Akhtaruzzaman Md. , Chowdhury Towhid H. , Amin Nowshad , Islam Ashraful , Noda Takeshi , Upadhyaya Hari M. , Singh Surya Prakash 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWe have designed and synthesized a family of three novel benzodithiazole‐based hole‐transporting materials (HTMs) named as BTT‐TPA, BTT‐OMe and BTT‐Me. These new HTMs are characterized by using 1H, 13C NMR, FTIR, elemental analysis, UV‐Vis spectrophotometer, and cyclic voltammetry. The photovoltaic performances of these HTMs were successfully evaluated in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Consequently, the PSCs based on BTT‐TPA, BTT‐Me and BTT‐OMe HTMs showed Jsc of 12.81 mA cm−2, 11.87 mA cm−2, 13.85 mA cm−2, Voc of 0.88 V, 0.83 V, 0.87 V, a FF of 0.62, 0.63, 0.63 and the overall power conversion efficiency of (η) 6.99%, 6.20% and 7.44%, respectively. The easy synthetic route and purification technique provides the viability of these HTMs as future PSCs development.
Organocatalytic Enantioselective α‐Amination of Thiazol‐4‐one‐5‐carboxylates with Azodicarboxylates
Authors: Cui Liying , Wang Youming , Fan Zhijin , Li Zhengming , Zhou Zhenghong 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAn effective method for the asymmetric synthesis of 5‐hydrazinothiazol‐4‐one‐5‐carboxylates was developed. The tetrasubstituted chiral carbon center was generated by asymmetric amination of thiazol‐4‐one‐5‐carboxylate with azodicarboxylate catalyzed by a bifunctional squaramide‐based (1R,2R)‐cyclohexane‐1,2‐diamine backbone in good to excellent yields (40–96%) with high levels of enantioselectivity (92–98% ee). A representative transformation of the amination product to a biologically important 1,3,4‐oxadiazol‐2(3H)‐one is achieved without any appreciable loss in enantioselectivity. Additionally, upon treatment with NaBH3CN, the amination product could also be converted into a biologically important thiazolidin‐4‐one derivative in good yield without any loss of stereochemical integrity.
The intestinal microbiome and Alzheimer's disease: A review
Authors: Li Zhuo , Zhu Hua , Zhang Ling , Qin Chuan 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is an increasingly common neurodegenerative disease. Since the intestinal microbiome is closely related to nervous system diseases, alterations in the composition of intestinal microbiota could potentially contribute to the pathophysiology of AD. However, how the initial interactions with intestinal microbes alter events later in life, such as during neurodegenerative diseases, is still unclear. This review summarizes what is known about the relationship between the intestinal microbiome and AD.