bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnetoencephalography for epileptic focus localization in a series of 1000 cases
Authors: Rampp Stefan , Stefan Hermann , Wu Xintong , Kaltenhäuser Martin , Maess Burkhard , Schmitt Friedhelm C , Wolters Carsten H , Hamer Hajo , Kasper Burkhard S , Schwab Stefan , Doerfler Arndt , Blümcke Ingmar , Rössler Karl , Buchfelder Michael 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The aim of epilepsy surgery in patients with focal, pharmacoresistant epilepsies is to remove the complete epileptogenic zone to achieve long-term seizure freedom. In addition to a spectrum of diagnostic methods, magnetoencephalography focus localization is used for planning of epilepsy surgery. We present results from a retrospective observational cohort study of 1000 patients, evaluated using magnetoencephalography at the University Hospital Erlangen over the time span of 28 years. One thousand consecutive cases were included in the study, evaluated at the University Hospital Erlangen between 1990 and 2018. All patients underwent magnetoencephalography as part of clinical workup for epilepsy surgery. Of these, 405 underwent epilepsy surgery after magnetoencephalography, with postsurgical follow-ups of up to 20 years. Sensitivity for interictal epileptic activity was evaluated, in addition to concordance of localization with the consensus of presurgical workup on a lobar level. We evaluate magnetoencephalography characteristics of patients who underwent epilepsy surgery versus patients who did not proceed to surgery. In operated patients, resection of magnetoencephalography localizations were related to postsurgical seizure outcomes, including long-term results after several years. In comparison, association of lesionectomy with seizure outcomes was analysed. Measures of diagnostic accuracy were calculated for magnetoencephalography resection and lesionectomy. Sensitivity for interictal epileptic activity was 72% with significant differences between temporal and extra-temporal lobe epilepsy. Magnetoencephalography was concordant with the presurgical consensus in 51% and showed additional or more focal involvement in an additional 32%. Patients who proceeded to surgery showed a significantly higher percentage of monofocal magnetoencephalography results. Complete magnetoencephalography resection was associated with significantly higher chances to achieve seizure freedom in the short and long-term. Diagnostic accuracy was significant in temporal and extra-temporal lobe cases, but was significantly higher in extra-temporal lobe epilepsy (diagnostic odds ratios of 4.4 and 41.6). Odds ratios were also higher in non-lesional versus lesional cases (42.0 versus 6.2). The results show that magnetoencephalography provides non-redundant information, which significantly contributes to patient selection, focus localization and ultimately long-term seizure freedom after epilepsy surgery. Specifically in extra-temporal lobe epilepsy and non-lesional cases, magnetoencephalography provides excellent accuracy.
‘Reader, I married him/her’: Ali Smith, Ovid, and queer translation
Authors: Ranger Holly 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis essay frames Ali Smith’s novel Girl meets boy (2007) as a ‘queer translation’ of Ovid, Metamorphoses 9.666-797. I argue that Smith’s presentation of a contemporary genderqueer Iphis and Ianthe not only fictionalizes the critical argument proposed by Judith Butler’s Gender Trouble, but uses Gender Trouble as a queer translation manifesto. Reading Girl meets boy through this Butlerian lens, which foregrounds multiplicity and insists on the politically subversive potential of repetition, I show how Smith translates, re-translates, and re-writes Ovid’s text, to make queer identities that are made to disappear in the Latin ‘loosed’ in translation. I also propose a new reading of the conclusion of Ovid’s episode informed by Smith’s queer translation. I discuss Smith’s politicized use of repetition throughout the novel to produce queer translations which disrupt the surface homophobic discourse of the original text; and I situate the novel’s publication within its historical political context — before the legalization of same-sex marriage in England, Wales, and Scotland. In conclusion, I argue that a queer translation practice, as evidenced by Smith’s novel, is an activist project which combats homophobic discourse (ancient and modern) and allows ancient queer bodies and identities to retain their multiplicity in translation.
Surgical Fires and Burns: A 5-Year Analysis of Medico-legal Cases
Authors: Calder Lisa A , Héroux Diane L , Bernard Catherine A , Liu Richard , Neilson Heather K , Gilchrist Andrew D , Fish Joel S 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSurgical fires and unintended intraoperative burns cause serious patient harm, yet surveillance data are lacking in Canada. Medico-legal data provide unique descriptions of these events which can inform burn prevention strategies. We extracted 5 years of data on closed (2012–2016) medico-legal cases involving surgical fires and burns from the database of our organization which, in 2016, provided medico-legal support to >93,000 Canadian physicians. We performed a retrospective descriptive analysis of contributing factors using an in-house coding system and case reviews. We identified 53 eligible burn cases: 26 from thermal sources (49.1%), 16 from fires (30.2%), 5 from chemical sources (9.4%), and 6 from undetermined sources (11.3%). Common burn sources were electrosurgical equipment, lasers, lighting, and improper temperatures (causing thermal burns), cautery or lasers combined with supplemental oxygen and/or a flammable fuel source (causing fire), and improperly applied solutions including antiseptics (causing chemical burns). Nontechnical factors also contributed to patient outcomes, such as nonadherence to protocols (15 cases, 28.3%), failures in surgical team communication (3 cases, 5.7%), and lost situational awareness leading to delays in recognizing and treating burns (7 cases, 13.2%). This retrospective study highlights a need for improved surgical safety interventions to address surgical fires and burns. These interventions could include: effectively implemented surgical safety protocols, surgical team communication strategies, and raising awareness about preventing, diagnosing, and managing surgical burns.
Using Intra-arterial tPA for Severe Frostbite Cases. An Observational Comparative Retrospective Study
Authors: Al Yafi Mohamed Nazhat , Danino Michel Alain , Izadpanah Ali , Coeugniet Edouard 
Published: July 2019

AbstractFrostbite causes tissue damage through five major mechanisms, out of which two are amenable to treatment. The first-line treatment is rapid rewarming therapy using water at 40°C to 42°C, which addresses the formation of ice crystals in the intra and extra cellular compartments. The second mechanism is progressive tissue ischemia after rewarming and is only accessible to a second-line therapy represented by thrombolysis. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of thrombolysis. This is a single-center retrospective cohort study, where it was aimed to evaluate two groups of patients. A total of 18 patients were included in this study. Mean times between injury to thrombolytic therapy and admission to thrombolytic therapy was 26.04 hours (SD 13.6) and 9.65 hours (SD 9.89), respectively. All patients suffered injuries ranging from second-degree deep to third degree. The rate of patients having complete, partial, and no angiographic responses were 55.6%, 11.1%, and 33.3%, respectively. The main outcome of interest showed that 11 (61.1%) patients in total had amputations at different levels. Results showed that in the intervention group, five (55.6%) of the patients had amputations compared with six (66.7%) from the control group (P = .6) at comparable levels of amputation. The literature supports that the use of intra-arterial tissue plasminogen activator might be beneficial for severe cases of frostbites; however, it lacks of studies of major significance and results are often controversial. Our study has not shown statistically significant results on amputation levels and cannot support the hypothesis of efficacy of thrombolytic therapy.
Human Rights Enforcement at the Borders
Authors: Wheeler Caleb H 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In September 2018, Pre-Trial Chamber I of the International Criminal Court (ICC) reached a decision that could profoundly impact accountability for transnational human rights violations. In its decision, the Pre-Trial Chamber found that it has jurisdiction over the crime against humanity of deportation as it relates to the government of Myanmar’s treatment of the Rohingya ethnic group. This decision is remarkable for the fact that Myanmar is not a state party to the Rome Statute and therefore not directly subject to the ICC Statute. The Court circumvented this problem by ruling that a portion of the crime was committed in Bangladesh permitting the exercise of jurisdiction in this matter. This article endeavours to accomplish two goals. First, it analyses the Pre-Trial Chamber’s ruling to determine whether it is in compliance with the Rome Statute and international law. Secondly, it will discuss the ramifications of the decision and consider whether it can act as a partial solution for addressing transnational human rights violations being committed in the territory of non-states parties. The article concludes that the decision itself is open to question, creating a danger that it will be susceptible to challenge. The ICC needs to ensure that these sorts of controversial decisions have a firm legal foundation to better deliver justice to the victims of atrocity crimes, and protect the Court from criticism that it is failing victims.
Allocation of Treatment Responsibility and Adherence to Hydroxyurea Among Adolescents With Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Creary Susan E , Modi Avani C , Stanek Joseph R , Chisolm Deena J , O’Brien Sarah H , Nwankwo Cara , Crosby Lori E 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveAdolescents with sickle cell disease (SCD) are at increased risk for complications. Hydroxyurea is a medication that can ameliorate risk but to benefit, adolescents must adhere to treatment. Study aims were to describe how adolescents and their caregivers decided who was responsible for treatment tasks, to describe adolescents’ and caregivers’ responsibility for these tasks, and to examine if hydroxyurea adherence was associated with younger adolescent age, less discrepancy between adolescents’ and caregivers’ reports of adolescent responsibility, and higher caregiver involvement.MethodsTwenty-nine dyads completed treatment responsibility measures. A combination of laboratory and electronic prescription data were used to determine hydroxyurea adherence and electronic medical records were used to determine appointment adherence.ResultsFew dyads agreed or planned how to complete treatment tasks. Adolescents shared responsibility with caregivers for medication-taking tasks. Adolescents perceived caregivers and caregivers perceived adolescents were overall responsible for treatment, especially for appointment tasks. Half of adolescents were adherent to hydroxyurea and half were adherent to appointments but medication adherence was not associated with age, discrepancy between adolescents’ and caregivers’ responses, or caregiver involvement.ConclusionsDespite frequent hydroxyurea and appointment nonadherence, few adolescents and caregivers plan how to manage adolescents’ SCD treatment or perceive they are overall responsible. Future studies are needed to determine the factors that influence these perceptions and if increasing adolescent and caregiver treatment planning improves adherence and clinical outcomes.
High-dose or multi-day praziquantel for imported schistosomiasis? A systematic review
Authors: Cucchetto Giulia , Buonfrate Dora , Marchese Valentina , Rodari Paola , Ferrari Anna , Zanotti Paola , Bottieau Emmanuel , Silva Ronaldo , Bisoffi Zeno , Gobbi Federico 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
Schistosomiasis affects more than 260 million people worldwide, mostly in sub-Saharan Africa, where more than 280 000 deaths per year are estimated. In the past few years, the increasing flow of migrants from endemic areas and the upward number of international travels have caused the emergence of the disease also in non-endemic areas. A single course of praziquantel (PZQ) 40 mg/kg is the first-line treatment recommended by the World Health Organization, mainly based on clinical trials conducted in endemic countries. No trials have been performed in non-endemic areas.

Methods
We carried out a systematic review of case reports and case series published between 1956 and August 2017 on cases of chronic schistosomiasis (infection acquired >3 months before) diagnosed in non-endemic areas and treated with PZQ. Primary outcome was to assess the number of different therapeutic regimens deployed and their frequency of use, calculated as the number of reports for each regimen over the total number of included cases.

Results
The final database included 99 case reports and 51 case series, for a total of 1433 patients. In 57 of the 150 records (38%) the administered treatment was different from the one recommended by the World Health Organization. The proportion of ‘alternative’ regimens included increased doses of PZQ (up to 80 mg/kg) and/or prolonged duration of treatment and/or doses repeated some days/weeks apart. About 50% of the records regarding Western short-term travellers reported a non-standard treatment.

Conclusion
This is the first complete catalogue of the published experience with PZQ outside of endemic areas in the situation where reinfection is not an issue. We found a wide heterogeneity of the therapeutic regimens reported. Multicenter clinical trials conducted in non-endemic areas and guidelines specifically addressing the treatment of imported cases of chronic schistosomiasis are needed.
Of Faith and Faithlessness: Adaptive Fidelity in Shusaku Endo’s and Martin Scorsese’s Silence
Authors: Ng Teng-Kuan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Adapted from the 1966 novel by the Japanese Catholic writer Shusaku Endo, Martin Scorsese’s Silence offers a timely occasion for expanding the critical discourse on adaptive fidelity. This article explores the ways that both texts draw from historical and scriptural sources within the Christian tradition—most notably the biblical tale of Judas—to clarify the meaning of faith in their respective contexts. Employing Andre Bazin’s theory of adaptation, I argue that alongside their source texts, both novel and film compose an intertextual ‘ideal construct’ of religious fidelity as dynamically lived across time and place, a fidelity paradoxically performed via various modes and tropes of adaptive infidelity.
Factors Associated with Cigarette Use During Airmen’s First Year of Service in the United States Air Force
Authors: Little Melissa , Ebbert Jon O , Krukowski Rebecca A , Halbert Jennifer , Kalpinski Maj Ryan , Patten Christi A , Talcott Gerald W , Klesges Robert C 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Despite declines of cigarette use in the civilian population, military personnel report alarmingly high rates of cigarette use. Enlisted Air Force recruits are required to remain tobacco-free for the first 12 weeks of training, and the majority express confidence they will not use tobacco after the ban; however, most previous smokers return to smoking and many nonsmokers initiate. Understanding the factors associated with cigarette-smoking initiation among non-users and re-initiation among former users is critical for the development of successful tobacco control efforts.

Materials and Methods
The current study examines predictors of cigarette smoking among a sample of 2,188 USAF personnel after their first year of service. Logistic regression analyses examined associations between baseline predictors and initiation and re-initiation of cigarette smoking at a one-year follow-up.

Results
Compared to never smokers at both time points, the strongest predictor of smoking initiation over the past 12 months was having owned cigarette-branded merchandise (OR 3.81, 95% CI 1.67, 8.71). Compared to former smokers who remained abstinent, the strongest predictor of re-initiation was intention to use tobacco (OR 2.08, 95% CI 1.53, 2.83). Compared to individuals who initiate, the strongest predictors of re-initiation were prior use of other tobacco products and tobacco use intentions (ORs range 1.85 to 4.63).

Conclusions
Multiple risk factors are associated with tobacco use. Given that Airmen are tobacco-free for the first 12 weeks of training, tobacco interventions during this period might be more effective. Our findings can be used to tailor interventions to prevent tobacco use in the U.S. military.
Expression Patterns of Genes Encoding Sugar and Potassium Transport Proteins Are Simultaneously Upregulated or Downregulated When Carbon and Potassium Availability Is Modified in Shiraz (Vitis vinifera L.) Berries
Authors: Coetzee Zelmari A , Walker Rob R , Liao Siyang , Barril Celia , Deloire Alain J , Clarke Simon J , Tyerman Stephen D , Rogiers Suzy Y 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA link between the accumulation of sugar and potassium has previously been described for ripening grape berries. The functional basis of this link has, as of yet, not been elucidated but could potentially be associated with the integral role that potassium has in phloem transport. An experiment was conducted on Shiraz grapevines in a controlled environment. The accumulation of berry sugar was curtailed by reducing the leaf photoassimilation rate, and the availability of potassium was increased through soil fertilization. The study characterizes the relationship between the accumulation of sugar and potassium into the grape berry and describes how their accumulation patterns are related to the expression patterns of their transporter proteins. A strong connection was observed between the accumulation of sugar and potassium in the grape berry pericarp, irrespective of the treatment. The relative expression of proteins associated with sugar and potassium transport across the tonoplast and plasma membrane was closely correlated, suggesting transcriptional coregulation leading to the simultaneous translocation and storage of potassium and sugar in the grape berry cell.
Excessive daytime sleepiness with snoring or witnessed apnea is associated with handgrip strength: a population-based study
Authors: Cao X , Gu Y , Fu J , Vu T Q C , Zhang Q , Liu L , Meng G , Yao Z , Wu H , Bao X , Zhang S , Wang X , Sun S , Zhou M , Jia Q , Song K , Wu Y , Niu K 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundSarcopenia is emerging as an important public health problem, and evidences have determined that poor sleep is associated with muscle strength, but the potential effects of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), snoring and witnessed apnea on handgrip strength have not been evaluated.AimWe aimed to examine the association between EDS, snoring, witnessed apnea and muscle strength in an adult population.DesignCross-sectional study.MethodsThis cross-sectional study comprised 19 434 adults. Handgrip strength was measured using a handheld digital dynamometer. EDS was assessed by Epworth Sleepiness Scale, snoring and witnessed apnea during sleep were reported through simple yes/no questions. Analysis of covariance was carried out to determine the association between EDS with snoring or witnessed apnea and muscle strength.ResultsThe means (95% confidence interval) for average handgrip strength/body weight (kg/kg) across symptoms categories were 0.396 (0.333–0.472), 0.393 (0.330–0.467), 0.396 (0.333–0.471) and 0.386 (0.325–0.460) (P < 0.0001), respectively. Similar results were observed with maximal handgrip strength/body weight (kg/kg).ConclusionsSelf-reported EDS accompanied with snoring or apnea is associated with lowest handgrip strength, independently of confounding factors. Whether improvement of EDS, snoring and apnea, can ameliorate age-associated decline in muscle strength warrants further studies.
PROPOSAL FOR LOCAL DIAGNOSTIC REFERENCE LEVELS IN GENERAL RADIOGRAPHY IN JAPAN
Authors: Asada Yasuki , Ono Koji , Kondo Yuya , Sugita Kazuma , Ichikawa Takuma , Shibata Hideki 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The present study aimed to propose local diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) formulated by calculating entrance surface doses for general radiography at 20 facilities of Aichi prefecture in Japan, by comparing these values with DRLs established in Japan in 2015 (DRLs 2015) and assessing radiation dose differences among facilities. X-ray outputs (half-value layer and air kerma) of each facility were measured with a non-invasive type of detector. The results were employed to formulate local DRLs based on the 75th percentiles of dose distributions. These local DRLs were lower than the DRLs 2015 for all examinations. If proposed local DRLs from other 46 prefectures can be collected, this paper can be used to benefit the next effort to draft better DRL for Japan.
DOES THE USE OF CONTEMPORARY CT SCANNERS ALTER THE RADIATION DOSE DEBATE IN THE IMAGING WORK UP FOR PULMONARY EMBOLISM?
Authors: Tonkopi Elena , Manos Daria , Ross Andrew 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare patient doses from ventilation perfusion single photon emission computed tomography (V/Q SPECT) and computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) performed on contemporary scanners. Effective dose (ED) for V/Q SPECT was calculated using organ doses per unit administered activity of the radiopharmaceuticals. Organ doses in CT were measured using nanoDot aluminium oxide optically stimulated dosemeters placed within a female adult anthropomorphic phantom. To simulate a larger patient, the phantom was wrapped in three layers of Superflab sheets. The V/Q SPECT resulted in ED of 2.82 mSv and a breast dose of 1.12 mGy. The CTPA dose was 1.82 ± 0.42 and 3.43 ± 0.91 mSv, whilst dose to the breast tissue was 2.86 ± 0.86 and 5.95 ± 0.44 mGy for small- and medium-sized patients, respectively.
A New and Innovative Method of Preoperatively Planning and Projecting Vascular Anatomy in DIEP Flap Breast Reconstruction: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Hummelink Stefan , Hoogeveen Yvonne L. , Schultze Kool Leo J. , Ulrich Dietmar J. O. 
Published: July 2019

Background:
In deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap breast reconstructions, a free tissue flap from the abdomen is shaped into a breast and transferred to the thorax. Survival of this free flap relies on minuscule blood vessels, so-called perforators, providing blood supply to this newly molded breast. Preoperative mapping of these randomly distributed blood vessels is essential to avoid complications. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the preoperative projection of a virtual three-dimensional plan based on computed tomographic angiography onto the abdomen leads to more correctly identified perforator locations and less operative time spent on dissecting the free flap compared to the commonly used Doppler ultrasound planning method.

Methods:
The authors conducted a randomized, open, single-center, superiority trial in patients undergoing DIEP flap breast reconstruction with 1-week follow-up. Randomized participants were 60 adults (projection method, n = 33; Doppler method, n = 27) undergoing DIEP flap breast reconstruction without lymph node transfer.

Results:
Sixty patients provided 69 DIEP flaps for analysis. The projection method is capable preoperatively of displaying significantly more perforators compared to the Doppler method (61.7 ± 7.3 percent versus 41.2 ± 8.2 percent, respectively; p = 0.020)). During the procedure, flap harvest time is decreased by 19 minutes (136 ± 7 minutes versus 155 ± 7 minutes; p = 0.012). Complications were comparable across both groups.

Conclusion:
Not only can more perforators be identified intraoperatively using the projection method compared with Doppler ultrasound, there is also a significant time reduction in harvesting the DIEP flap.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, II.