bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Mesh Size in Model Polymer Networks Consisting of Tetra-Arm and Linear Poly(ethylene glycol)s
Authors: Tsuji Yui , Li Xiang , Shibayama Mitsuhiro 
Published: May 2018

The structure and mechanical properties of model polymer networks consisting of alternating tetra-functional poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEGs) and bis-functional linear PEGs were investigated by dynamic light scattering and rheological measurements. The sizes of the correlation blob ( ξ c ) and the elastic blob ( ξ e l ) were obtained from these measurements and compared to the theoretical mesh size, the geometric blob ( ξ g ), calculated by using the tree-like approximation. By fixing the concentration of tetra-PEGs and tuning the molecular weight of linear-PEGs, we systematically compared these blob sizes in two cases: complete network (Case A) and incomplete network (Case B). The correlation blob, ξ c , obtained by dynamic light scattering (DLS) was found to obey the well-known concentration dependence for polymer solutions in semidilute regime ( ξ c ~ ϕ − 3 / 4 ) irrespective of the Cases. On the other hand, the G ′ was strongly dependent on the Cases: For Case A, G ′ was weakly dependent on the molecular weight of linear-PEGs ( G ′ ~ M c 0.69 ) while G ′ for Case B was a strong increasing function of M c ( G ′ ~ M c 1.2 ). However, both of them are different from the geometric blob (theoretical mesh) of the gel networks. In addition, interesting relationships between G ′ and ξ c , G ′ ~ ξ c , G ′ ~ ξ C − 2 , were obtained for Cases A and B, respectively.
A Unified Model for Tidal Disruption Events
Authors: Dai Lixin , McKinney Jonathan C. , Roth Nathaniel , Ramirez-Ruiz Enrico , Miller M. Coleman 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
In the past few years wide-field optical and UV transient surveys and X-ray telescopes have allowed us to identify a few dozen candidate tidal disruption events (TDEs). While in theory the physical processes in TDEs are ubiquitous, a few distinct classes of TDEs have been observed. Some TDEs radiate mainly in NUV/optical, while others produce prominent X-rays. Moreover, relativistic jets have been observed in only a handful of TDEs. This diversity might be related to the details of the super-Eddington accretion and emission physics relevant to TDE disks. In this Letter, we utilize novel three-dimensional general relativistic radiation magnetohydrodynamics simulations to study the super-Eddington compact disk phase expected in TDEs. Consistent with previous studies, geometrically thick disks, wide-angle optically thick fast outflows, and relativistic jets are produced. The outflow density and velocity depend sensitively on the inclination angle, and hence so does the reprocessing of emission produced from the inner disk. We then use Monte Carlo radiative transfer to calculate the reprocessed spectra and find that that the observed ratio of optical to X-ray fluxes increases with increasing inclination angle. This naturally leads to a unified model for different classes of TDEs in which the spectral properties of the TDE depend mainly on the viewing angle of the observer with respect to the orientation of the disk.
Project-Based Approach in a First-Year Engineering Course to Promote Project Management and Sustainability
Authors: Taheri Pooya 
Published: May 2018

To safeguard the environment and satisfy the energy needs of the present, without compromising the ability of future generations to do the same, sustainable energy development is urgently needed. This complex task is riddled with social, political, scientific, technical, and environmental challenges. Education is essential if we are to meet the energy demands of the world in the most sustainable manner available to us.
Langara College offers a first-year engineering course that is meant to introduce students to engineering design and case studies, in addition to providing a brief glance on the history, ethics, and the different disciplines of engineering (APSC 1010). Using a project-based learning approach that promotes teamwork and research, this course uses a variety of instructional methods including lectures, class discussions, and guest appearances by experts in their fields. Introductions to technical concepts, such as soldering, 3D printing, and microcontroller, are also addressed in this course.
This paper demonstrates how this, or similar courses, are optimized to raise awareness of the sustainability issues this planet is facing. Learning outcomes are evaluated using an anonymous student survey which demonstrates how the students’ project-management and presentation skills have improved.
Une pratique hospitalière des médecines non conventionnelles à l’essai
Authors: Candelise Lucia , Remillet Gilles 
Published: May 2018

L’hôpital de Pitigliano (Toscane), sur le point d’être fermé il y a quelques années pour des raisons relatives à des politiques de centralisation des hôpitaux italiens, se trouve depuis 2011 être au cœur d’un projet de réorganisation structurelle à travers la création d’un service de « médecine intégrée », associant médecines non conventionnelles (acupuncture et homéopathie) et biomédecine. À partir d’une ethnographie des pratiques de soin en situations cliniques, l’étude montre comment s’articulent entre elles les contraintes normatives du travail hospitalier (insertion de thérapeutiques autres dans une structure biomédicale, organisation du travail d’équipe, interrelations des approches disciplinaires au chevet du malade) et les aspirations humanistes de ces professionnels de santé (discours, valeurs, motivations, parcours professionnels) pour saisir les logiques politiques et idéologiques qui les sous-tendent, tant sur le plan individuel que collectif. En d’autres termes, il s’agit de penser, à partir de cette expérience de pluralisme médical, la transformation contemporaine des pratiques cliniques hospitalières en cours en Italie comme dans les autres pays européens.
Placing the Common Era in a Holocene context: millennial to centennial patterns and trends in the hydroclimate of North America over the past 2000 years
Authors: Shuman Bryan N. , Routson Cody , McKay Nicholas , Fritz Sherilyn , Kaufman Darrell , Kirby Matthew E. , Nolan Connor , Pederson Gregory T. , St-Jacques Jeannine-Marie 
Published: May 2018

Abstract. A synthesis of 93 hydrologic records from across North and Central America, and adjacent tropical and Arctic islands, reveals centennial to millennial trends in the regional hydroclimates of the Common Era (CE; past 2000 years). The hydrological records derive from materials stored in lakes, bogs, caves, and ice from extant glaciers, which have the continuity through time to preserve low-frequency ( > 100 year) climate signals that may extend deeper into the Holocene. The most common pattern, represented in 46 (49 %) of the records, indicates that the centuries before 1000 CE were drier than the centuries since that time. Principal component analysis indicates that millennial-scale trends represent the dominant pattern of variance in the southwestern US, northeastern US, mid-continent, Pacific Northwest, Arctic, and tropics, although not all records within a region show the same direction of change. The Pacific Northwest and the southernmost tier of the tropical sites tended to dry toward present, as many other areas became wetter than before. In 22 records (24 %), the Medieval Climate Anomaly period (800–1300 CE) was drier than the Little Ice Age (1400–1900 CE), but in many cases the difference was part of the longer millennial-scale trend, and, in 25 records (27 %), the Medieval Climate Anomaly period represented a pluvial (wet) phase. Where quantitative records permitted a comparison, we found that centennial-scale fluctuations over the Common Era represented changes of 3–7 % in the modern interannual range of variability in precipitation, but the accumulation of these long-term trends over the entirety of the Holocene caused recent centuries to be significantly wetter, on average, than most of the past 11 000 years.
The morphological and antioxidant characteristics of inflorescences within wild-growing genotypes of elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.)
Authors: Horčinová Sedláčková Vladimí­ra , Grygorieva Olga , Fatrcová-Šramková Katarí­na , Vergun Olena , Vinogradova Yulia , Ivanišová Eva , Brindza Ján 
Published: May 2018

The aim of this study was to determine the basic morphological characteristics (weight, length) and antioxidant activity (using DPPH method) of elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) inflorescences as well as some elderberry-derived food products prepared from fresh (honey, alcoholic extract, tea infusions) and dried inflorescences (syrup). For the study of problematic, it was used 113 wild-growing genotypes of elderberry from 56 locations in Slovakia growing at an altitude of 98.15 - 712.32 m. The weight of fresh inflorescences ranged from 0.45 to 57.59 g (75.65% coefficient of variation value), the total length of inflorescences ranged from 19.0 to 282.0 mm (22.42%), the length of inflorescence´s stems from 9.0 to 197.0 mm (31.51%), a number of petals predominated pentanumerous petals. Variability in primary and secondary branching reported a low to high degree of variability among as well as within the genotypes. Results showed significant differences in the shape of inflorescences and the colour of flowers among each genotype. Antioxidant activity by DPPH method in elderberry inflorescence water extract was between 85.12 and 89.29%. Activation of tea infusions and beverages was ensured using a mechanism Kalyxx based on galvanic effect. In beverages made from 10% diluted honey prepared from fresh inflorescences in the carbohydrate-based extract, anti-radical activity was determined in the range of 16.81 - 24.16%. In an alcoholic extract from fresh inflorescences, anti-radical activity was between 90.99 and 93.16%. In beverages acquired from the syrup of flowers, we identified antioxidant activity ranging from 37.92 (10%) to 62.82% (40%). Results indicated that elderberry inflorescences and elderberry-derived food products can be attractive to consumers and in future can increase the assortments of healthy products.
Encontrabilidade da informação e videoativismo: uma análise do atributo folksonomia no YouTube
Authors: Nascimento Jéssica Amorim do , Carvalho Angela Maria Grossi de 
Published: May 2018

Introdução: As tecnologias digitais associadas à mobilidade e à web social transformaram as relações sociais em diversas esferas. Os ambientes têm se tornado cada dia mais cooperativos e a massa de informação depositada e compartilhada diariamente cresce de acordo com o número de usuários – o que modificou a relação que temos com a forma de compartilhar as informações na web, bem como a forma que produzimos ou realizamos qualquer tipo de manifestação social. Objetivo: De acordo com essa premissa, este artigo apresenta um estudo que buscou analisar a folksonomia – atributo da Encontrabilidade da Informação de Vechiato e Vidotti (2014), que analisa a etiquetagem social – partindo dos usuários. Metodologia: A análise foi realizada no ambiente YouTube, coletando as informações sobre os protestos do dia 17 de julho de 2013 e identificando o conteúdo de videoativismo para compreender de que forma o atributo presta contribuição para a aplicação da Encontrabilidade da Informação. Resultado: No YouTube, são apresentados aproximadamente 145 mil resultados com a busca “17 de junho de 2013”, e em sua maioria, não pertencem à mídia tradicional – são propostas videoativistas. Destes, após análise de acordo com a metodologia de observação, o número foi reduzido para 8 páginas de conteúdo relevantes.Conclusão: Foi possível utilizar a folksonomia no momento da publicação do vídeo. Com a busca “17 de junho de 2013”, e o resultado foi 145 mil vídeos. Após utilização da informação, este número mudou para 159 vídeos que possuem real ligação com o tema proposto – que classifica o atributo folksonomia como bastante relevante para a Encontrabilidade no ambiente estudado. Palavras-Chave: Encontrabilidade da Informação, Folksonomia, Videoativismo.
Over de grenzen van de criminologie
Authors: Weerdesteijn Maartje 
Published: May 2018

Beyond the Borders of Criminology: International Relations and International Criminology
Criminologists decided over the last few decades that it is important to study international crimes, meaning genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes, from a criminological perspective. With the international community taking up the responsibility to protect populations from these crimes and the prominence of international criminal justice on the world stage, it is argued that international criminology should embrace international relations more as an important sub-discipline.
Estimation of different data compositions for early-season crop type classification
Authors: Hao Pengyu , Wu Mingquan , Niu Zheng , Wang Li , Zhan Yulin 
Published: May 2018

Timely and accurate crop type distribution maps are an important inputs for crop yield estimation and production forecasting as multi-temporal images can observe phenological differences among crops. Therefore, time series remote sensing data are essential for crop type mapping, and image composition has commonly been used to improve the quality of the image time series. However, the optimal composition period is unclear as long composition periods (such as compositions lasting half a year) are less informative and short composition periods lead to information redundancy and missing pixels. In this study, we initially acquired daily 30 m Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) time series by fusing MODIS, Landsat, Gaofen and Huanjing (HJ) NDVI, and then composited the NDVI time series using four strategies (daily, 8-day, 16-day, and 32-day). We used Random Forest to identify crop types and evaluated the classification performances of the NDVI time series generated from four composition strategies in two studies regions from Xinjiang, China. Results indicated that crop classification performance improved as crop separabilities and classification accuracies increased, and classification uncertainties dropped in the green-up stage of the crops. When using daily NDVI time series, overall accuracies saturated at 113-day and 116-day in Bole and Luntai, and the saturated overall accuracies (OAs) were 86.13% and 91.89%, respectively. Cotton could be identified 40∼60 days and 35∼45 days earlier than the harvest in Bole and Luntai when using daily, 8-day and 16-day composition NDVI time series since both producer’s accuracies (PAs) and user’s accuracies (UAs) were higher than 85%. Among the four compositions, the daily NDVI time series generated the highest classification accuracies. Although the 8-day, 16-day and 32-day compositions had similar saturated overall accuracies (around 85% in Bole and 83% in Luntai), the 8-day and 16-day compositions achieved these accuracies around 155-day in Bole and 133-day in Luntai, which were earlier than the 32-day composition (170-day in both Bole and Luntai). Therefore, when the daily NDVI time series cannot be acquired, the 16-day composition is recommended in this study.
LinearLepidopteran ambidensovirus1 sequences drive random integration of a reporter gene in transfectedSpodoptera frugiperdacells
Authors: Rizk Francine , Laverdure Sylvain , d’Alençon Emmanuelle , Bossin Hervé , Dupressoir Thierry 
Published: May 2018

BackgroundTheLepidopteran ambidensovirus1 isolated fromJunonia coenia(hereafter JcDV) is an invertebrate parvovirus considered as a viral transduction vector as well as a potential tool for the biological control of insect pests. Previous works showed that JcDV-based circular plasmids experimentally integrate into insect cells genomic DNA.MethodsIn order to approach the natural conditions of infection and possible integration, we generated linear JcDV-gfpbased molecules which were transfected into non permissiveSpodoptera frugiperda(Sf9) cultured cells. Cells were monitored for the expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) and DNA was analyzed for integration of transduced viral sequences. Non-structural protein modulation of the VP-gene cassette promoter activity was additionally assayed.ResultsWe show that linear JcDV-derived molecules are capable of long term genomic integration and sustained transgene expression inSf9cells. As expected, only the deletion of both inverted terminal repeats (ITR) or the polyadenylation signals ofNSandVPgenes dramatically impairs the global transduction/expression efficiency. However, all the integrated viral sequences we characterized appear “scrambled” whatever the viral content of the transfected vector. Despite a strong GFP expression, we were unable to recover any full sequence of the original constructs and found rearranged viral and non-viral sequences as well. Cellular flanking sequences were identified as non-coding ones. On the other hand, the kinetics of GFP expression over time led us to investigate the apparent down-regulation by non-structural proteins of the VP-gene cassette promoter.ConclusionAltogether, our results show that JcDV-derived sequences included in linear DNA molecules are able to drive efficiently the integration and expression of a foreign gene into the genome of insect cells, whatever their composition, provided that at least one ITR is present. However, the transfected sequences were extensively rearranged with cellular DNA during or after random integration in the host cell genome. Lastly, the non-structural proteins seem to participate in the regulation of p9 promoter activity rather than to the integration of viral sequences.
Transcranial direct current stimulation over the right DLPFC selectively modulates subprocesses in working memory
Authors: Wang Jiarui , Tian Jinhua , Hao Renning , Tian Lili , Liu Qiang 
Published: May 2018

Background
Working memory, as a complex system, consists of two independent components: manipulation and maintenance process, which are defined as executive control and storage process. Previous studies mainly focused on the overall effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on working memory. However, little has been known about the segregative effects of tDCS on the sub-processes within working memory.

Method
Transcranial direct current stimulation, as one of the non-invasive brain stimulation techniques, is being widely used to modulate the cortical activation of local brain areas. This study modified a spatial n-back experiment with anodal and cathodal tDCS exertion on the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), aiming to investigate the effects of tDCS on the two sub-processes of working memory: manipulation (updating) and maintenance. Meanwhile, considering the separability of tDCS effects, we further reconfirmed the causal relationship between the right DLPFC and the sub-processes of working memory with different tDCS conditions.

Results
The present study showed that cathodal tDCS on the right DLPFC selectively improved the performance of the modified 2-back task in the difficult condition, whereas anodal tDCS significantly reduced the performance of subjects and showed an speeding-up tendency of response time. More precisely, the results of discriminability index and criterion showed that only cathodal tDCS enhanced the performance of maintenance in the difficult condition. Neither of the two tDCS conditions affected the performance of manipulation (updating).

Conclusion
These findings provide evidence that cathodal tDCS of the right DLPFC selectively affects maintenance capacity. Besides, cathodal tDCS also serves as an interference suppressor to reduce the irrelevant interference, thereby indirectly improving the working memory capacity. Moreover, the right DLPFC is not the unique brain regions for working memory manipulation (updating).
The relationship between body mass index and pain, disease activity, depression and anxiety in women with fibromyalgia
Authors: Koçyiğit Burhan Fatih , Okyay Ramazan Azim 
Published: May 2018

Background
Obesity is a possible factor which affects severity of symptoms and disease activity in fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). The aim of our study was to determine the association between body mass index (BMI) and pain, tender point count (TPC), disease activity, anxiety and depression in patients with FMS.

Methods
This was a descriptive study. A total of 124 female FMS patients between 18 and 55 years of age were enrolled. FMS patients were evaluated with visual analog scale (VAS), fibromyalgia impact questionnaire (FIQ), Hamilton anxiety scale (HAM-A) and Hamilton depression scale (HAM-D). Patients were divided into three groups according to BMI levels: normal weight, overweight and obese. Normal weight was defined as BMI 18.5–24.9, overweight as BMI 25.0–29.9 and obesity as BMI ≥ 30. We assessed the BMI status and its association with symptom severity in patients with FMS.

Results
Significant differences were detected in VAS, TPC, FIQ and HAM-D among the groups (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the groups in HAM-A (p = 0.328). The highest scores were found in the obese group. Significant positive correlations were determined between BMI levels and VAS, TPC, FIQ and HAM-D (r = 0.277, p = 0.002; r = 0.384, p < 0.001; r = 0.292, p = 0.001; r = 0.357, p < 0.001).

Discussion
Obese female FMS patients had higher levels of pain, TPC, disease activity and depression. BMI was significantly and positively correlated with clinical manifestations of FMS. Therefore, FMS treatment programs should include weight loss strategies.
МОНИТОРИНГ СООТВЕТСТВИЯ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ ПОТРЕБНОСТЯМ РЫНКА ТРУДА, "Общественные науки и современность"
Authors: ВАЛЕНТЕЙ Сергей Дмитриевич , ЗРЕЛОВ Петр Валентинович , КОРЕНЬКОВ Владимир Васильевич , БЕЛОВ Сергей Дмитриевич , КАДОЧНИКОВ Иван Сергеевич 
Published: May 2018

В последние годы активно обсуждаются перспективы “цифровизации” экономических процессов. Это предельно сложная задача, не имеющая решения в рамках традиционных методов. Перспективы их качественного развития в статье проиллюстрированы на примере использования аналитики Больших данных и интеллектуального анализа текстов для оценки потребностей региональных рынков труда в рабочей силе. Задача решена с использованием разработанной авторами автоматизированной информационной системы мониторинга соответствия кадровых потребностей работодателей уровню подготовки специалистов. Информационной базой для сбора информации служили открытые источники. Представляемая система формирует дополнительные возможности для выявления качественных и количественных связей между сферой образования и рынком труда. Она ориентирована на широкий круг пользователей: органы власти и управления регионов и муниципалитетов; руководство университетов, компаний, кадровых агентств; выпускников и абитуриентов ВУЗов.