bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pharmacokinetics of tranexamic acid in healthy dogs and assessment of its antifibrinolytic properties in canine blood
Authors: Osekavage Katie E. , Brainard Benjamin M. , Lane Selena L. , Almoslem Mohammed , Arnold Robert D. , Koenig Amie 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess pharmacokinetics of tranexamic acid (TXA) in dogs and assess antifibrinolytic properties of TXA in canine blood by use of a thromboelastography-based in vitro model of hyperfibrinolysis.
ANIMALS 6 healthy adult dogs.
PROCEDURES Dogs received each of 4 TXA treatments (10 mg/kg, IV; 20 mg/kg, IV; approx 15 mg/kg, PO; and approx 20 mg/kg, PO) in a randomized crossover-design study. Blood samples were collected at baseline (time 0; immediately prior to drug administration) and predetermined time points afterward for pharmacokinetic analysis and pharmacodynamic (thromboelastography) analysis by use of an in vitro hyperfibrinolysis model.
RESULTS Maximum amplitude (MA [representing maximum clot strength]) significantly increased from baseline at all time points for all treatments. The MA was lower at 360 minutes for the 10-mg/kg IV treatment than for other treatments. Percentage of clot lysis 30 minutes after MA was detected was significantly decreased from baseline at all time points for all treatments; at 360 minutes, this value was higher for the 10-mg/kg IV treatment than for other treatments and higher for the 20-mg/kg IV treatment than for the 20-mg/kg PO treatment. Maximum plasma TXA concentrations were dose dependent. At 20 mg/kg, IV, plasma TXA concentrations briefly exceeded concentrations suggested for complete inhibition of fibrinolysis. Oral drug administration resulted in a later peak antifibrinolytic effect than did IV administration.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Administration of TXA improved clot strength and decreased fibrinolysis in blood samples from healthy dogs in an in vitro hyperfibrinolysis model. Further research is needed to determine clinical effects of TXA in dogs with hyperfibrinolysis.
Effects of calcitriol on phagocytic function, toll-like receptor 4 expression, and cytokine production of canine leukocytes
Authors: Jaffey Jared A. , Amorim Juliana , DeClue Amy E. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the in vitro effects of calcitriol on indicators of immune system function in blood samples collected from healthy dogs.
SAMPLE Blood samples from 8 healthy adult dogs.
PROCEDURES Blood samples were incubated with calcitriol (10−7M) or control substance for 24 hours. Afterward, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-, lipoteichoic acid (LTA)-, and N-acetylmuramyl-l-alanyl-d-isoglutamine hydrate (MDP)-stimulated leukocyte production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin-10 (IL10) were measured with a canine-specific multiplex assay. Phagocytosis of opsonized Escherichia coli and leukocyte expression of constitutive toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) were evaluated via flow cytometry. Blood samples from 3 dogs were used to create a concentration-response curve to evaluate whether the observed cytokine modulation was concentration dependent.
RESULTS Incubation of canine blood samples with calcitriol resulted in significant decreases in LPS-, LTA-, and MDP-stimulated leukocyte production of TNF but not IL10. Blunting of TNF production was concentration dependent. Leukocyte calcitriol exposure had no significant effect on phagocytosis and TLR4 expression.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE These data indicated that calcitriol induced an anti-inflammatory shift in canine leukocytes exposed to LPS, LTA, and MDP in vitro, without altering phagocytosis or TLR4 expression. Thus, calcitriol could represent a novel candidate immunomodulatory treatment for dogs.
Effects of calcitriol on apoptosis, toll-like receptor 4 expression, and cytokine production of endotoxin-primed canine leukocytes
Authors: Jaffey Jared A. , Amorim Juliana , DeClue Amy E. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the in vitro effect of calcitriol on indicators of immune system function in endotoxin-primed blood samples from healthy dogs.
SAMPLE Blood samples from 6 healthy adult dogs.
PROCEDURES Leukocytes were primed by incubation of blood samples with lipopolysaccharide (LPS; endotoxin) or PBS solution (unprimed control group) for 1 hour. Following priming, blood samples were incubated with calcitriol (2 × 10−7M) or ethanol (control substance) for 24 hours. After sample incubation, LPS-stimulated leukocyte production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin-10 (IL10) was measured with a canine-specific multiplex assay, and apoptosis and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression were evaluated via flow cytometry.
RESULTS LPS stimulation of unprimed leukocytes but not endotoxin-primed leukocytes resulted in a significant increase in TNF and IL10 production, confirming the presence of endotoxin tolerance in dogs in vitro. Endotoxin priming significantly increased neutrophil viability with no effect on lymphocyte viability or TLR4 expression by neutrophils and monocytes. Calcitriol exposure significantly decreased LPS-stimulated production of TNF by unprimed and endotoxin-primed leukocytes. Conversely, calcitriol exposure had no effect on IL10 production by unprimed leukocytes but did significantly increase IL10 production by endotoxin-primed leukocytes. Calcitriol had no significant effect on the degree of neutrophil or lymphocyte apoptosis, nor was neutrophil and monocyte TLR4 expression affected in unprimed or endotoxin-primed leukocytes.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE These data indicated that calcitriol induced an anti-inflammatory shift in unprimed and endotoxin-primed canine leukocytes in vitro, without compromising neutrophil and monocyte TLR4 expression or altering the viability of neutrophils and lymphocytes in canine blood samples.
Corneal thickness, endothelial cell density, and morphological and morphometric features of corneal endothelial cells in goats
Authors: Coyo Natalia , Leiva Marta , Costa Daniel , Rios José , Peña Teresa 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine corneal thickness (CT), endothelial cell density (ECD), and morphological and morphometric features of caprine eyes and to assess effects of aging on these variables.
SAMPLE 27 healthy eyes of 19 Murciano-Granadina goats.
PROCEDURES Goats were classified into 2 age groups (kids, 14 months old [14 eyes]; and adults, 7 to 10 years old [13 eyes]). The ECD and CT were calculated in the central cornea and 4 peripheral quadrants. Mean cell area (MCA), pleomorphism (percentage of hexagonal cells), and polymegathism were evaluated in the central cornea.
RESULTS Median values for kids were determined for ECD (3,831 cells/mm2; inter-quartile [25th to 75th percentile] range [IQR], 3,669 to 4,011 cells/mm2), CT (608 μm; IQR, 573 to 655 μm), MCA (255 μm2; IQR, 243 to 272 μm2), pleomorphism (80.53%; IQR, 78.83% to 83.30%), and polymegathism (19; IQR, 18 to 22). Median values for adults were determined for ECD (2,101 cells/mm2; IQR, 1,966 to 2,251 cells/mm2), CT (706 μm; IQR, 670 to 730 μm), MCA (466 μm2; IQR, 425 to 507 μm2), pleomorphism (67.80%; IQR, 65.50% to 70.00%), and polymegathism (21; IQR, 15 to 26). Values differed significantly between the 2 groups for all variables, except polymegathism. For both groups, the dorsal and temporal quadrants were the thickest and thinnest, respectively. Ventral ECD was the lowest for both groups.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE ECD decreased with age, whereas MCA, pleomorphism, and CT increased. Moreover, differences among regions of the cornea indicated that the central cornea should not be considered as representative of the entire cornea.
Effects of enzyme and cryoprotectant concentrations on yield of equine adipose-derived multipotent stromal cells
Authors: Duan Wei , Lopez Mandi J. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate effects of various concentrations of collagenase and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) on yield of equine adipose-derived multipotent stromal cells (ASCs) before and after cryopreservation.
SAMPLE Supragluteal subcutaneous adipose tissue from 7 Thoroughbreds.
PROCEDURES Tissues were incubated with digests containing 0.1%, 0.05%, or 0.025% type I collagenase. Part of each resulting stromal vascular fraction was cryopreserved in 80% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 10% DMSO, and 10% Dulbecco modified Eagle medium F-12 and in 95% FBS and 5% DMSO. Half of each fresh and cryopreserved heterogeneous cell population was not immunophenotyped (unsorted) or was immunophenotyped for CD44+, CD105+, and major histocompatability complex class II (MHCII; CD44+-CD105+-MHCII+ cells and CD44+-CD105+-MHCII− cells). Cell proliferation (cell viability assay), plasticity (CFU frequency), and lineage-specific target gene and oncogene expression (reverse transcriptase PCR assays) were determined in passage 1 cells before and after culture in induction media.
RESULTS Digestion with 0.1% collagenase yielded the highest number of nucleated cells. Cell surface marker expression and proliferation rate were not affected by collagenase concentration. Cryopreservation reduced cell expansion rate and CD44+-CD105+-MHCII− CFUs; it also reduced osteogenic plasticity of unsorted cells. However, effects appeared to be unrelated to DMSO concentrations. There were also variable effects on primordial gene expression among cell isolates.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results supported the use of 0.1% collagenase in an adipose tissue digest and 5% DMSO in cryopreservation medium for isolation and cryopreservation, respectively, of equine ASCs. These results may be used as guidelines for standardization of isolation and cryopreservation procedures for equine ASCs.
Helminths infecting Dryadosaura nordestina (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) from Atlantic Forest, northeastern Brazil
Authors: Teixeira A. A. M. , Silva R. J. , Brito S. V. , Teles D. A. , Araujo-Filho J. A. , Franzini L. D. , Santana D. O. , Almeida W. O. , Mesquita D. O. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
We analyzed the patterns of infection by helminths in populations of the Gymnophthalmidae lizard Dryadosaura nordestina from three Atlantic Forest fragments in Northeast Brazil. Prevalence and mean intensity of infection by location showed the following results: ARIE Mata de Goiamunduba (60.8 % and 10.4 ± 8), RPPN Engenho Gargaú (83.3 % and 20.8 ± 19.7) and Benjamim Maranhão Botanical Garden (70.4 % and 7.78 ± 5.8). We provide the first records of helminth infection for the lizard D. nordestina, in which three species of nematodes, Aplectana sp., Cosmocerca sp. and Physaloptera lutzi and one trematode Haplometroides odhneri were recovered. Trematodes of the genus Haplometroides were previously known as parasites only in snake and amphisbaenian hosts in South America. Now, our study provides the first record of a species belonging to this genus parasitizing lizards. In conclusion, our study shows that D. nordestina have a depleted helminth fauna (three species at maximum), similar to other studies with lizards of this family in Brazil and that its parasite abundance is related to host snout-vent length, but not to the sex.
Statistical and hydrogeochemical characteristics of the M’Daourouch-Drea Plain’s groundwater, North-East of Algeria
Authors: Brahmia Ali , Brinis Nafaa , Nouar Tahar 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis work was conducted on 23 samples distributed between springs, wells and boreholes tapping the shallow and deep aquifer in the M’Daourouch-Drea area located in extreme northeast of Algeria. Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl−, SO42−, HCO3−and NO3− were analysed. The interpretation of the geological-geophysical data allowed us to highlight two aquifers. The first consists of conglomerates, sandstones, gravels, sands, marls, limestones, lacustrine and alluvial deposits varying in thickness from a few tens to a few hundred meters, representing Neogene-Quaternary filling of the studied basin. The second is more important localized in the cracked and karstified limestones of upper Cretaceous age; these limestones are outcropped on the flanks of the syncline and the borders of the basin. The first aquifer sometimes rests directly on the second which allows hydraulic communication between them. The hydogeochemical and statistical study, with the combination of numerous tools, indicates that the chemistry of groundwater in the M’Daourouch-Drea Plain is controlled both by the dissolution of the minerals of the evaporite formations and those of the carbonate formations.
Perspectives on offshore wind farms development in chosen countries of European Union
Authors: Dawid Leszek 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAt the end of 2016 there were 84 wind farms under construction in 11 European countries. Investments in this sector are enormous. The average cost of a wind farm construction amounts to approx. 4 mln EUR per 1 MW of installed power. Offshore wind energy production also plays a significant role in the process of ensuring energy security in Europe, and in reduction of greenhouse gases. The objective of this paper is to present prospects of offshore wind energy farms development in the leading member states of the European Union as regards this problem. In this paper offshore wind farms in Germany and Denmark have been studied. In the paper the power of wind farms, the support systems as well as criteria related to location of wind farm offshore have been analysed. German and Danish sectors of offshore wind energy are strongly supported by respective governments. Both countries aim at yearly increase of wind energy share in total energy production. The research has been conducted based on the analysis of acts, regulations, the subject’s literature and information from websites.
Contribution to flood risk management by the IRIP method at the level of Gareat El Taref catchment, Constantine’s highlands, North-East of Algeria
Authors: Naouel Dali , Zouini Derradji , Breil Pascal 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe term flooding is often associated with a stream overflow or a marine flood, runoff-floods is rarely considered, and today suffers from a lack of knowledge and control of the phenomenon. This paper, presents a geographic information system iRIP@ – Flooding by Intense Pluvial Runoff (French acronym), which is a new tool to mapping flooding by runoff as a tool for decision-making by mapping runoff flooding in Gareat El Taref catchment (Northeast Algeria), with identifying the area of production, transfer and accumulation of flood.Us results, we have cards represent the potential of a territory to generate the various hydraulic dynamics of runoff: the runoff production card, the runoff transfer, the runoff accumulation card, the runoff-flooding card.A visual simulation on the flood risk card indicates that the areas with an important runoff flood risk are the communes of Khenchela Oum El Bouaghi Ain El Beida and F’kirina. Moreover, the roads that join Khenchela with Ain El Beida and with Oum El Bouaghi.Khenchela city is exposed to a great risk of flooding by runoff, the solution proposed by the authorities and that summarizes by the construction of a canal is not sufficient, because on the one hand the north of the city remains exposed to this risk. On the other hand, a large area of runoff production is located between the canal and the city.It is probably operating to encourage farmers to introduce certain agricultural practices that are part of a sustainable management of flood risk by runoff.
Hydrological drought index based on reservoir capacity – Case study of Batujai dam in Lombok Island, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: Yasa I Wayan , Bisri Mohammad , Sholichin Moch , Andawayanti Ussy 
Published: September 2018

AbstractHydrological drought index analysis has been widely developed and applied for the development of water resources. The island of Lombok, which is largely a dry land, requires a significant hydrological drought index to be sourced from measurable data analysis. This research focused aims to obtain hydrological drought index in Lombok Island using the capacity change of reservoir. The analysis includes reservoir data especially in the event of El-Nino. The main parameters analysed in this work are data homogeneity, decrease line of reservoir volume, increase in the line of reservoir volume, reservoir volume deficit, and hydrological drought index (RDI). The basic equation uses the water balance in the reservoir, which is the inflow–outflow and change of reservoir. The results of the analysis show that in the event of El-Nino, the drought hydrological index indicates different levels depending upon the water level of the reservoir. The criteria for the drought level are as follows: weak RDI = from −0.46 to −0.01 at an reservoir elevation of 90.88 to 92.33 m a.s.l, moderate RDI: from −0.59 to −0.46 at water level of reservoir from 90.27 to 90.88 m a.s.l, sever RDI: from −0.80 to −0.59 at water level of reservoir from 88.83 to 90.27 m a.s.l. and very severe RDI: from −0.89 to −0.80 at water level of water reservoir 87.78–88.83 m a.s.l. The duration of drought was 9 months, i.e., from February to November.
ANALISIS DATA KUISIONER KEPUASAN PENGGUNA APLIKASI PEMBELAJARAN BEBANTENAN
Authors: AYU R.P. LUH ARIDA , ASTAWA I GEDE SANTI 
Published: September 2018

Kepuasan pengguna sebuah aplikasi dapat diartikan sebagai tingkat perasaan seseorang setelah membandingkan kinerja (hasil) yang ia rasakan, dibandingkan dengan harapannya. Terdapat dua cara dalam membangun aplikasi pembelajaran bebantenan, yaitu pembelajaran dengan menggunakan konsep peta pikiran, dan pembelajaran tanpa menggunakan konsep peta pikiran. Dalam penelitian ini metode kuisioner dipergunakan untuk mendapatkan data kepuasan pengguna terhadal kedua aplikasi pembelajaran bebantenan yang telah dibangun. Terdapat tiga faktor untuk mengukur kepuasan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, yaitu faktor kinerja internal dari aplikasi, faktor dukungan perangkat eksternal yang dibutuhkan aplikasi, dan faktor tampilan umum saat pengguna berinteraksi dengan aplikasi. Selanjutnya ketiga faktor tersebut dijabarkan ke dalam sepuluh pertanyaan yang berhubungan dengan kepuasan pengguna. Dari empat puluh pengguna aplikasi yang digunakan sebagai responden penelitian didapatkan data bahwa aplikasi pembelajaran menggunakan peta pikiran mempunyaipersentase tingkatkepuasan lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan sistem yang tidak menggunakan metode peta pikiran dalam pemberian materinya.namun secara keseluruhan aplikasi memiliki tingkat kepuasan pengguna yang kuat yaitu sebesar 80,3%
AN EXPERIENCE IN PROVIDING SPECIALIZED MEDICAL CARE IN CLOSED COMBINED INJURIES AND INJURIES AT THE LEVEL I TRAUMA CENTER OF SAINT-PETERSBURG RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE N.A. I.I. DZHANELIDZE
Authors: Tulupov A. N. , Manukovskiy V. A. , Kazhanov I. V. , Besaev G. M. 
Published: September 2018

Relevance.Mortality and unsatisfactory results of treatment with polytrauma are high, which is explained by the lack of an effective system of organizing specialized medical care for this category of victims.Intention.To study the effectiveness of organizing specialized medical care for polytrauma in the Level I Trauma Center of St. Petersburg Research Institute of Emergency Medicine n.a. I.I. Dzhanelidze.Methods.The 5-year (2013–2017) experience in the provision of specialized medical care in closed co-traumatic injuries in the trauma center of the St. Petersburg Research Institute of Emergency Care n.a. I.I. Dzhanelidze was analyzed. Of 3852 patients, 2970 had closed combined injuries, 882 – various wounds. 44.7 % of the victims with closed and 33.1 % with other injuries had signs of traumatic shock on admission.Results and Discussion.Owing to the up-to-date methods of examination and treatment of patients, treatment and tactical prognosis by “T”-criterion and Damage Control approach, mortality in severe closed co-trauma was reduced from 18.1 % in 2013 to 9.9 % in 2017, and in other injuries – from 7.4 to 2.3 %, respectively. An advanced effective system of specialized medical assistance to victims of polytrauma has been created at the present time in St. Petersburg.Conclusion.Аn experience of the Level I Trauma Center of Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Emergency Medicine n.a. I.I. Dzhanelidze as the oldest in the city and the country convincingly confirms the correctness of the modern concept of medical care in case of severe closed combined injuries. Our Trauma Centers uses the whole arsenal of diagnostic and treatment facilities of multi-profile hospitals with the involvement of various specialists, which results in reducing mortality and complications in polytrauma.
FIRST RESULTS OF THE RADIOECOLOGICAL RESEARCH OF THE BELOYARSK NPP COOLING POND AFTER THE 4TH UNIT BN-800 COMMISSIONING
Authors: Korzhavin A. V. , Trapeznikova V. N. , Trapeznikov A. V. , Nikolkin V. N. , Plataev A. P. 
Published: September 2018

Relevance. New units commissioning at the operating nuclear power plants may be associated with an increase in the radiation load on environment and human beings. The 4th Unit BN-800 was commissioned at the Beloyarsk nuclear power plant (BNPP) in 2016. The Beloyarsk artificial lake created in 1959–1963 serves as a cooling pond. A radioecological study of the cooling pond was performed in 2014 before the BN-800 Unit commissioning. Its results were published in the issue No. 2 of the present journal in 2016.Intention. The objective of the work is to show (comparing with the results of the previous research) the effect of the BN-800 Unit commissioning on the cooling pond radioecological state.Methodology. The samples of water and macrophytes (Potamogeton pectinatus, Ceratophyllum demersum, Spirogyra, Cladophora) were examined at the reference points of the cooling pond.Results and Discussion. It was found that 137Cs decreased in the water by 1.4–5.9 times in all reference points (including the 4th NPP Unit discharge channel) compared to 2014. Potamogeton pectinatus (from the 4th NPP Unit discharge channel) had 3.1 times less 137Cs and 1.4 times less 90Sr than macrophytes from the Pyshma river area below the dam.Conclusion. The BN-800 Unit commissioning was not associated with additional radiation load on the artificial lake. It does not deleteriously affect the natural purification processes after the 1st and 2nd BNPP Units decommissioning. The further preservation of the Beloyarsk artificial lake natural resources assumes a systematic radioecological monitoring to determine the level of long-lived radionuclides in main natural components of the cooling pond.Sampling from the cooling pond, sample preparation, 137Cs and 90Sr concentration measurement in water and aquatic plants as well as interpretation of results are performed in the framework of the State Task of the Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
APORIAS DE EDUCAÇÃO POPULAR NAS ENTRELINHAS DA PRÁXIS EDUCATIVA DE PE. CLAUDIO PERANI
Authors: Castro Ricardo G. 
Published: September 2018

<p align="left">Fazendo memória da vida de Cláudio Perani, relevância é dada, a sua metodologia de trabalho fundamentada nos princípios da Educação Popular. Esta prática de Perani está presente em toda a organização do SARES como fundamento de sua ação e reflexão. Neste artigo busca-se uma interação da metodologia peraniana com a perspectiva das teorias da Interculturalidade e dos estudos pós-coloniais. Nossas aporias se estendem sobre os processos de elaborações de políticas públicas, valorização da sabedoria popular e história dos movimentos sociais da Amazônia que foram temáticas tão importantes na militância e vida intelectual de Claudio Perani.</p><p> </p>