bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Duodenal Stenosis with Diaphragmatic Hernia—A Rare Combination—Delayed Diagnoses with Barium Study
Authors: Ananthasivan Rupa , Rawat Sudarshan , Reddy Pramesh , Patil Pooja G. , Radhakrishnan Chittur Narendra 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDuodenal stenosis is part of a spectrum of disorders due to non-cannulization of the fetal gut lumen occurring in 11 to 13 weeks of fetal life. The diagnosis is often made in the neonatal period owing to bilious vomiting. The authors present a case of a 9-year-old boy who was diagnosed by an upper gastrointestinal study that showed a hugely dilated stomach filled with food residue and a dilated first part of the duodenum with an abrupt narrowing in the second part of the duodenum in keeping with duodenal stenosis. There was no associated malrotation (a known association), but the delayed images showed a surprising finding of herniation of large bowel loops into the thorax suggestive of a congenital diaphragmatic hernia (Bochdalek type). Both these findings were confirmed on surgery, and the patient underwent duodenoduodenostomy and diaphragmatic hernia repair and is doing well on follow-up. This case is unusual due to the rare association of duodenal stenosis with congenital diaphragmatic hernia and delayed diagnosis. Both these pathologies most often present in the neonatal period, and delayed diagnosis is most often seen with associated trisomy 21 that was not the case in our patient.
I did not say that the government should be plundering anybody’s savings
Authors: Renardel de Lavalette Kiki Yvonne , Andone Corina , Steen Gerard J. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This paper examines how politicians employ metaphors to express starting points in British parliamentary debates. Because these metaphors are conceptual tools that may have presuppositions and entailments that are not in line with the ideas and values of all discussion parties, political opponents can resist them by advancing argumentative criticisms. This paper aims to explore how different types of metaphor can be used to express starting points, and how various types of responses can be instrumental to achieving diverging outcomes in the discussion stage at which starting points are commonly decided. To this end, we present a number of case studies of resistance to metaphorically expressed starting points found in British Public Bill Committee debates. Our analysis reveals that metaphors can be important strategies in parliamentary debates when starting points are established between parties, and that resisting them seems to be a pertinent skill.
Changes in lactate kinetics underpin soccer performance adaptations to cycling‐based sprint interval training
Authors: Thom Graham , Kavaliauskas Mykolas , Babraj John 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn adolescent soccer, 23% of the distance covers happens at speeds above onset of blood lactate accumulation which suggests that lactate kinetics may be important for soccer performance. We sought to determine the effectiveness of sprint interval training (SIT) on changing performance and lactate kinetics in adolescent soccer players. Thirteen elite soccer academy players (age 15 ± 0.5y) underwent baseline testing (0–10 m and 10–20 m sprint performance, Wingate anaerobic Test (WaNT) with blood lactate measurements and incremental VO2 peak test) before being allocated to control or SIT group. The control group maintained training whilst the HIT group carried out twice‐weekly all‐out effort cycle sprints consisting of 6 × 10 s sprint with 80 s recovery. There were significant time x group interactions for 10–20 m sprint time (Control pre: 1.32 ± 0.07 s post: 1.35 ± 0.08 s; SIT pre: 1.29 ± 0.04 s post: 1.25 ± 0.04 s; p = 0.01), Peak Power (Control pre: 13.1 ± 1.3 W.kg−1 post: 13.2 ± 1.47 W.kg−1; SIT pre: 12.4 ± 1.3 W.kg−1 post: 15.3 ± 0.7 W.kg−1; p = 0.01) and time to exhaustion (Control pre: 596 ± 62 s post: 562 ± 85 s; SIT pre: 655 ± 54 s post: 688 ± 55 s; p = 0.001). The changes in performance were significantly correlated to changes in lactate kinetics (power: r = 0.55; 10–20 m speed: r = −0.54; time to exhaustion: r = 0.55). Therefore, cycle based SIT is an effective training paradigm for elite adolescent soccer players and the improvements in performance are associated with changes in lactate kinetics.
Electronic, local atomic structure of lutetium tetraphenylporfyrin: XPS and XAFS spectroscopy stadies
Authors: Mozhchil R N , Ionov A M , Bozhko S I , Bozhko V S , Rumyantseva V D , Trigub A L , Menushenkov A P 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The electronic and local atomic structure of lutetium metalloporphyrins Lu(acac)TPP and precursor tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) have been studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and absorption spectroscopy (XAFS). The XPS spectroscopy data show changes in the electronic structure of tetraphenylporphyrins under incorporation of the lutetium atom: a redistribution of the electron density between the nitrogen atoms of the pyrrole- and aza- group and appearance of one broadened peak of the N1s state. The integer trivalent state of the rare-earth metal (Lu3+) in metalloporphyrins has been confirmed by both XPS and XAFS methods.
Impact wear-resistance of Ti-Cr-B-N coatings produced by pulsed CAE of ceramic target
Authors: Kiryukhantsev-Korneev Ph V , Kuptsov K A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Ti–Cr–B–N coatings were successfully deposited using reactive pulsed cathodic arc evaporation (CAE) of ceramic TiCrB target. The influence of the substrate negative bias voltage on the coating impact wear resistance and mechanical properties has been studied. Structural investigations have been carried out using X-ray diffraction analysis, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, glow-discharge optical-emission spectroscopy, and optical profilometry. The coating properties have been estimated by impact tests, scratch-test, and nanoindentation. The obtained results show that the coatings consist of Ti(Cr)N fcc phase with crystallites 1–2 nm in size and amorphous BNx tissure. The coatings obtained at Ubias=-250 V demonstrated highest hardness of 24 GPa, whereas samples deposited at Ubias=-500V exhibited minimal wear rate (worn area of 12 μm2) in impact conditions. Coatings obtained by pulsed CAE with intensive ion-bombardment possess high adhesion strength higher than 120 N.
Comparison of levitation forces of the cc-tapes stacks from different manufacturers
Authors: Osipov M A , Starikovskii A S , Rudnev I A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
High-temperature superconductors (HTSC) have a significant potential for application in systems based on magnetic levitation. The wide spread of second-generation HTSC tapes (CC- tape from coated conductors) allows the use of stacks of CC-tapes as an alternative to bulk superconductors, particularly in levitation systems. The paper presents the results of research of CC-tapes of various manufacturers - SuNAM, THEVA and SuperOx. The tapes were cut into square 12 mm × 12 mm fragments and stacked in stacks, the number of tapes varying from 10 to 100. The measured dependences of the levitation force on the distance between the magnet and the stack have similar patterns for tapes of all manufacturers - the force of interaction increases with increasing thickness of stacks. However, the influence of the thickness of the stack on the levitation force for different CC-tapes is of a different nature.
Influence of synthesis conditions on the crystal and local structures of WO3 powders
Authors: Popov V V , Menushenkov A P , Pisarev A A , Berdnikova M M , Zubavichus Ya V , Svetogorov R D , Shchetinin I V , Zheleznyi M V , Tsarenko N A , Arzhatkina L A , Yastrebtsev A A , Gaynanov B R , Ponkratov K V 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Influence of synthesis conditions on the crystal and local structures of WO3 powders prepared by thermal decomposition of ammonium paratungstate and precipitation of tungstates aqueous solutions in strong acid conditions has been investigated. Combination of X-ray powder diffraction, X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, IR- and Raman-spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy was used. The calcination of all initial compounds at temperatures ≥ 500°C led to formation of the monoclinic γ-WO3 single phase. It was concluded that the neutral octahedral complex [W=0(0H)4(H20)] can be a structural unit of the precursors prepared in acidic suspensions. The local structure of synthesized tungsten oxides consists of edge-shared and corner-shared distorted octahedral WO6 species linked together.
Spectroscopic methods of investigation and the thermal stability of detonation nanodiamonds
Authors: Efremov V P , Zakatilova E I 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The behavior of detonation nano- and microdiamonds at increased temperatures is studied by synchronous thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The X-ray analysis of survived samples shows that a part of the nanodiamond is stable under heating to 1500°C. At the heating to 600°C, we see the decreasing of nanodiamond phase. Appearance of graphite phase isn’t observed in the sample up to 1500°C. However, in the range Bragg angle 20-32° after heating to 1500°C, the x-ray amorphous graphite-like phase is observed. The analysis of microphotographs of samples before and after heating showed the influence of heating rate on the parameters of powder particles. A high thermal stability of detonation microdiamonds (above 1500°C) is established. Literature data on the radiation stability of diamond are analyzed. It is established that the character of the diamond damage depends on the type and dose of the irradiation.
Influence of antidots on the critical current density of HTSC in a magnetic field
Authors: Moroz A N , Maksimova A N , Kashurnikov V A , Rudnev I A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
By using the Monte Carlo method, a numerical study has been conducted to calculate the current-voltage characteristics of a high-temperature superconductor with intrinsic pinning sites and the additional ones in the form of antidots in different magnetic fields. Varioustypes of antidot distribution among the sample such as a random distribution, triangular and square lattice and their conformal transformations, have been considered. Descending critical current density dependencies on the magnetic field for different samples have been acquired. Averaged vortex configurations of samples for different antidot distributions at the same magnetic field and transport current have been acquired. The most effective antidot distribution has been determined.
The engraftment dynamics evaluation of skin grafts via aluminium phthalocyanine nanoparticles using spectroscopic methods
Authors: Farrakhova D S , Makarov V I , Loschenov V B 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The research and comparison of spectroscopic methods for assessment of skin grafts engraftment/rejection after the back cross skin transplantation of laboratory mice were carried out. The spectral analysis was performed via inflammatory reaction evaluation of the studied area. The inflammatory reaction intensity correlates with the fluorescence intensity of the aluminum phthalocyanine nanoparticles. The photodynamic therapy was carried out to improve the skin engraftment and reduce the inflammatory reaction.
Iterants and the Dirac Equation
Authors: Kauffman Louis H. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This paper introduces the concept of iterant algebra and applies it to the formation of basic Clifford algebras including a reconstruction of the complex numbers in terms of a formalization of temporal process. Iterant algebra is shown to include all of matrix algebra and applications are given to a representation of the su(3) Lie algebra for the Standard Model and to the construction of the Dirac Equation. This construction of the Dirac Equation makes it clear how solutions arise from nilpotent elements in the Clifford algebra and how Fermion algebra and the algebra of Majorana Fermions emerges in this context. The paper ends with a formulation of the original Majorana Dirac Equation in terms of Clifford algebra in the context of iterants.
Calculating the redshifts of distant galaxies from first principles by the new tired light theory (NTL)
Authors: Ashmore Lyndon E 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Contrary to popular belief it now appears that the intergalactic medium is filled electrons oscillating about fixed positions in a BCC Wigner crystal lattice. In NTL the photons of light are absorbed and re-emitted by these electrons which recoil leading to a photon energy loss and an increase in wavelength ie redshift. Since the electrons are spatially coherent, the photons will continue in a straight line and images will not ‘blur.’ FRB 121102 is a repeating FRB of known DM along with the distance and redshift of the host galaxy and enables us to test the NTL theory. The DM and distance give a mean electron number density of the IGM as n ≈ 0.498 m
–3 and we use this along with the distance to predict a value for the redshift of the host galaxy from first principles of z = 0.143 and a Hubble constant of H
0 = 64 km/s per Mpc This compares well with the measured value of 0.19273 and the optically measured H
0 = 72 ± 8 km/s per Mpc In NTL, the energy transferred to the recoiling electron is re-emitted as a secondary photons which form the CMBR and it is shown that a UV photon of wavelength λ = 5×10−8
m gives out a secondary photon of wavelength 2.06×10–3
m which is not only in the microwave region but is the wavelength at which the CMBR peaks. A review of the evidence once said to support expansion is carried out and it is seen that this evidence now either supports a static universe or is not as robust as once thought. Indeed, many of the SNe Ia’s used to show ‘time dilation’ have since failed ‘usability’ test and are no longer listed in the SNe Ia catalogue.
Introduction to cognitive action theory
Authors: Baer Wolfgang 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Incorporating a conscious 1st person observer in scientific theories has been hampered by the lack of physically viable mind/body models. I will present a Cognitive Action Theory (CAT) model of an integrated mind/body system and identify the process of creating conscious experience as the basic building block of reality. This building block is a cyclic process in time, connecting the 1st-person experience with its 3rd-person physical models so that conscious phenomena are possible. We therefore propose a fundamental shift to consider what we do to be conscious as an a-priory activity that must be happening for us to be able to ask the question, “How can conscious beings exist in our physical world?” This activity contains both qualia and an explanation to produce what Archibald Wheeler described as a self measuring explanatory cycle. At this level of definition such a cycle of activity can accommodate any belief system defining physical reality as an explanation for personal experience and therefore provides a framework which accommodates most scientific and spiritual traditions. However visualizing abstract activity as the motion of masses and charges that together compose matter allows us to couple what we do to the formalism of classic physics thus describing a Reality of interacting events. Such a theory integrates the subjective and objective aspect of our experience in a single physical framework, reducing to the linear quantum formalism when the motions involved are small enough to be reversible.
Quantum hyper-computing by means of evanescent photons
Authors: Caligiuri Luigi Maxmilian , Musha Takaaki 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Nowadays quantum computation is probably considered as the most promising way to achieve superfast calculation performances to be implemented in the next generation of hyper-computers. Nevertheless, the realization of an hypercomputer, namely a system able to perform countable infinite computational steps within a finite time, is usually considered not allowed due to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle that limits the energy required by such steps. This limitation affects quantum algorithms as well as conventional computation. In this paper we show it is possible to bypass such limitation by considering a quantum system making use of evanescent photons produced by some physical processes such, for example, that occurring inside optical components made of metamaterials. This proposal opens very interesting prospects towards a deeper understanding of quantum information and computation as well as to the realization of an actual hypercomputer system and its applications to frontier fields such as Artificial Intelligence.
Reanalysis of the Michelson’s interferometric experiment in relation to the two swimmers problem
Authors: Has Ioan , Miclaus Simona , Has Aurelian 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Theoretical basis of Michelson’s interferometer experiment is reanalyzed. Initially we reanalyzed the illustrative model, represented by two swimmers race traversing a river which revealed that the correct transversal trajectory is not an isosceles triangle, but a right triangle and the race ends in a tie. Also, in the interferometer device, the transversal double light path, considering the ether presence and classical geometrical optics together with Huygens principle of light, we found to be too a right triangle instead isosceles one considered by Michelson, which thus is an error. But this new path necessitates zero-time difference, for which fringes displacements are not expected, unlike Michelson’s analysis. So, we found that the light’s double travel times don’t depend on the interferometer arms directions and so the expected by Michelson fringes displacements, must not appear. The above findings are applicable to other similar experiments with ray double travel, including light, lasers, masers, γ-rays, etc. We demonstrated that Michelson’s experiment correct interpretation does not confirm the relativity of the light speed. Consequently, Michelson’s experiment should not be considered negative concerning the presence of ether which must remain the bearer of the E-M phenomena. Consequently, the Special Relativity Theory (SRT) must be reconsidered, based on Lorentz electromagnetic theory from 1895 and the quanta entanglement and E-M field can be physically explained by the ether presence.
Thinking inside the box opens the universe, gravity and cosmology in the light of the SMPP and general relativity
Authors: James Arthur N 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
An experimentalist considers how the Standard Model of Particle Physics (SMPP) defines the real space-time of nature in the light of Einstein’s General Relativity (EGR). In the discussion observation is preferred over mathematics and care is taken not to introduce other ideas which can only be demonstrated by arguments dependent on those ideas. The main conclusion reached is that the universe has a high probability of being open, a conclusion quite different from current fashionable models, denying both dark energy and the need for inflation. Because an inappropriate mathematical procedure has been followed in formulating dark energy models they should be rejected as unsound. A new procedure is proposed which leads to a simple open cosmology for the present era, one of the two eras suggested in a new “Two Era Cosmology” (TEC). Other parts of the discussion throw light on several aspects of gravity which cause confusion in more mathematical treatments. The paper can be thought of as providing the basis of many research proposals which the author is unable to follow through.
Is it time for a new paradigm in physics?
Authors: Klinaku Shukri 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The fact that the two main pillars of modern Physics are incompatible with each other; the fact that some unsolved problems have accumulated in Physics; and, in particular, the fact that Physics has been invaded by weird concepts (as if we were in the Middle Ages); these facts are quite sufficient to confirm the need for a new paradigm in Physics. But the conclusion that a new paradigm is needed is not sufficient, without an answer to the question: is there sufficient sources and resources to construct a new paradigm in Physics? I consider that the answer to this question is also yes. Today, Physics has sufficient material in experimental facts, theoretical achievements and human and technological potential. So, there is the need and opportunity for a new paradigm in Physics. The core of the new paradigm of Physics would be the nature of matter. According to this new paradigm, Physics should give up on wave-particle dualism, should redefine waves, and should end the mystery about light and its privilege in Physics. The consequences of this would make Physics more understandable, and - more importantly - would make it capable of solving current problems and opening up new perspectives in exploring nature and the universe.
Λ - Toy – Universe model constructed playing with universal constants recognized as fundamental in contemporary physics
Authors: Kostro L 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Λ - natural units determined by the three Einstein’s constants: c, K and Λ will be introduced. Some of them are used since long time in GR and Relativistic Cosmology e.g. Λ - centrifugal pressure. Since several years the author of the paper try to introduce the whole set of Λ - units They will be called Λ - units because they are determined, for the first time, also by the cosmological constant. Among them there is the Mega Quantum of Λ - Action HΛ
that perhaps can be considered as quantization parameter in mega scale: On the occasion of the introduction of Λ - units some human operational ingredients in the technology of creating “natural units” will be stressed out. It will be also indicated that the crucial date in the evolution of our Universe i.e. its expansion acceleration about the 9 billion years after the Big Bang, coincides with the lambda time tΛ
. Since some of Λ-units can be interpreted in de Broglie-like manner it will be asked if there can be introduced a mega scale de Broglie wave mechanics and therefore whether in the Nature there are Λ - mega waves and Λ - mega fluctuations. We can ask also the question whether the unification of the Relativistic Cosmology with QM has to be done rather in the Large Scale (with Mega Heisenberg uncertainty relations) than in the Small Scale. There will be also indicated a possible future mathematical singularity when the percentage of DE will approach 100%.
Presumable applications of cellular automates with strong anticipation in quantum physics
Authors: Makarenko A. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The paper discusses the use of models with discrete geometry in field theory problems. Approaches of cellular automata in problems of quantum field theory are considered. The equations of the model of cellular automata are given taking into account the property of strong anticipation (according Daniel M. Dubois) for such objects and the possible consequences in the interpretation of such solutions are discussed. The illustrations of the behavior of such systems and the possible directions of subsequent research are given.