bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nfix Promotes Survival of Immature Hematopoietic Cells via Regulation of c-Mpl
Authors: Hall Trent , Walker Megan , Ganuza Miguel , Holmfeldt Per , Bordas Marie , Kang Guolian , Bi Wenjian , Palmer Lance E. , Finkelstein David , McKinney-Freeman Shannon 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are necessary for life-long blood production and replenishment of the hematopoietic system during stress. We recently reported that nuclear factor I/X (Nfix) promotes HSPC survival post-transplant. Here, we report that ectopic expression of Nfix in primary mouse HSPCs extends their ex vivo culture from about 20 to 40 days. HSPCs overexpressing Nfix display hypersensitivity to supportive cytokines and reduced apoptosis when subjected to cytokine deprivation relative to controls. Ectopic Nfix resulted in elevated levels of c-Mpl transcripts and cell surface protein on primary murine HSPCs as well as increased phosphorylation of STAT5, which is known to be activated down-stream of c-MPL. Blocking c-MPL signaling by removal of thrombopoietin or addition of a c-MPL neutralizing antibody negated the antiapoptotic effect of Nfix overexpression on cultured HSPCs. Furthermore, NFIX was capable of binding to and transcriptionally activating a proximal c-Mpl promoter fragment. In sum, these data suggest that NFIX-mediated upregulation of c-Mpl transcription can protect primitive hematopoietic cells from stress ex vivo.
Wide Surgical Margin Improves the Outcome for Patients with Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GISTs)
Authors: Åhlén Jan , Karlsson Fredrik , Wejde Johan , Nilsson Inga‐Lena , Larsson Catharina , Bränström Robert 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundSurgical resection is still the main treatment for gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), and R0 excision, regardless of surgical margins, is considered sufficient.MethodsA cohort of 79 consecutive GIST cases treated at the Karolinska University Hospital, who were without metastasis at diagnosis and who had not received any pre‐or postoperative treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, was included. Surgical margins were evaluated at the time of surgery and classified as wide, marginal or intralesional. Time to local/peritoneal recurrence, distant metastasis, and survival were recorded. Cox regression analysis was used to investigate the association between surgical margin, and recurrence and survival.ResultsLocal/peritoneal recurrence was diagnosed in 2/39 cases with wide margins, in 7/22 cases with marginal margins, and in 13/18 cases with intralesional surgery. Compared to wide margins this gives a hazard ratio of 6.8 (confidence interval 1.4–32.7) for marginal margins and 13.5 (3–61) for intralesional margins. In multivariate analysis, adjusting for size, site, and mitotic index, surgical margin remained an independent significant predictor of risk for recurrence. When classifying patients according to R0/R1 surgery, patients with R0 surgery showed longer time to peritoneal recurrence and better recurrence‐free and disease‐specific survival as compared to those with R1 resection. However, when excluding patients operated with wide surgical margin, no significant difference was observed.ConclusionWide surgical margins are of significant prognostic importance, supporting the strategy of en bloc resection with good margin and careful handling of the tumor to avoid damaging the peritoneal surface in surgical resection of GIST.
Advances in nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations of lubricants and additives
Authors: Ewen J. P. , Heyes D. M. , Dini D. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractNonequilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) simulations have provided unique insights into the nanoscale behaviour of lubricants under shear. This review discusses the early history of NEMD and its progression from a tool to corroborate theories of the liquid state, to an instrument that can directly evaluate important fluid properties, towards a potential design tool in tribology. The key methodological advances which have allowed this evolution are also highlighted. This is followed by a summary of bulk and confined NEMD simulations of liquid lubricants and lubricant additives, as they have progressed from simple atomic fluids to ever more complex, realistic molecules. The future outlook of NEMD in tribology, including the inclusion of chemical reactivity for additives, and coupling to continuum methods for large systems, is also briefly discussed.
A case study of ileal metaplasia and neoplasia in a patient with an ileal-rectal anatomosis
Authors: Campbell Beth M. , Clark David , Harvey James , Reid Andrew 
Published: February 2018

AbstractA clear link between ulcerative colitis and the formation of dysplasia and neoplasia has been described. This increased risk remains even after subtotal colectomy and ileo-rectal anastomosis, necessitating life-long surveillance of the remaining ano-rectum. This case study highlights the importance in long-term follow up in this population, including proximal to the anastomosis as dysplastic changes can occur in the distal ileum.
Enxerto espesso versus técnica de duplo feixe na reconstrução do ligamento cruzado posterior: Estudo experimental biomecânico com cadáveres
Authors: Maradei-Pereira João Alberto Ramos , Kokron Alexandre Estevão Vamos , Pereira César Augusto Martins , Amatuzzi Marco Martins 
Published: February 2018

Resumo
Objetivo Avaliar o efeito biomecânico da espessura do enxerto em comparação com a técnica do duplo feixe na reconstrução do ligamento cruzado posterior (LCP) em joelhos de cadáveres humanos.
Métodos Um total de 9 joelhos de cadáveres humanos foram testados em 5 condições: joelho intacto (INT); reconstrução com um único feixe com tendão de quadríceps de 10 mm (Rec 1); reconstrução com duplo feixe com um tendão de quadríceps de 10 mm para o feixe anterolateral e um tendão duplo do semitendíneo de 7 mm para o feixe póstero-medial (Rec 2); reconstrução com um único feixe mais espesso, usando um tendão de quadríceps de 10 mm mais o tendão duplo do semitendíneo de 7 mm (Rec M); e joelho com lesão isolada do LCP (Lesionado). O limite do deslocamento posterior da tíbia (LDPT) foi medido em resposta a uma carga tibial posterior de 134 N a 0∘, 30∘, 60∘ e 90∘ de flexão do joelho.
Resultados O LDPT das técnicas Rec 2 e Rec M foi sempre significativamente menor (melhor estabilidade) do que o LDPT da Rec 1. O LDPT da Rec M foi significativamente menor do que o LDPT da Rec 2 a 60∘ (p = 0,005) e a 90∘ (p = 0,001).
Conclusões O aumento da espessura do enxerto na reconstrução das lesões isoladas do LCP melhora significativamente a estabilidade, enquanto a divisão do enxerto para reconstruir os dois feixes piora a estabilidade da reconstrução a 60∘ e 90∘ de flexão do joelho. As descobertas do presente estudo sugerem que a estabilidade da reconstrução do LCP pode ser melhorada com o uso de enxertos mais espessos em uma técnica de feixe único, em lugar da reconstrução de duplo feixe.
Contracts and Hierarchies: A Moral Examination of Economic Theories of the Firm
Authors: Lee Jooho 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT:An influential set of economic theories argue that the firm is a nexus of contracts that institute a hierarchy to overcome the problems of incomplete contracting in the market. However, the economic theory of the firm as a hierarchy violates the moral requirement to respect the autonomy of those who contract into the firm. The internal logic of the theory depends on a morally unacceptable abdication of a part of the employee’s capacity to set her own ends in the future. So a different theory is needed to understand the nature and purpose of the firm. The development of such a theory can benefit from business ethicists engaging with existing economic theories of the firm to explore concepts like contracts, agency, and property.
On the existence of non-hyperbolic ergodic measures as the limit of periodic measures
Authors: BONATTI CHRISTIAN , ZHANG JINHUA 
Published: February 2018

Gorodetski et al. [Nonremovability of zero Lyapunov exponents. Funktsional. Anal. i Prilozhen.
39(1) (2005), 27–38 (in Russian); Engl. Transl. Funct. Anal. Appl.
39(1) (2005), 21–30] and Bochi et al. [Robust criterion for the existence of nonhyperbolic ergodic measures. Comm. Math. Phys.
344(3) (2016), 751–795] propose two very different ways for building non-hyperbolic measures, Gorodetski et al. (2005) building such a measure as the limit of periodic measures and Bochi et al. (2016) as the
$\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}$
-limit set of a single orbit, with a uniformly vanishing Lyapunov exponent. The technique in Gorodetski et al. (2005) has been used in a generic setting in Bonatti et al. [Non-hyperbolic ergodic measures with large support. Nonlinearity
23(3) (2010), 687–705] and Díaz and Gorodetski [Non-hyperbolic ergodic measures for non-hyperbolic homoclinic classes. Ergod. Th. &amp; Dynam. Sys.
29(5) (2009), 1479–1513], as the periodic orbits were built by small perturbations. It is not known if the measures obtained by the technique in Bochi et al. (2016) are accumulated by periodic measures. In this paper we use a shadowing lemma from Gan [A generalized shadowing lemma. Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst.
8(3) (2002), 527–632]:
∙for getting the periodic orbits in Gorodetski et al. (2005) without perturbing the dynamics;∙for recovering the compact set in Bochi et al. (2016) with a uniformly vanishing Lyapunov exponent by considering the limit of periodic orbits.
As a consequence, we prove that there exists an open and dense subset
${\mathcal{U}}$
of the set of robustly transitive non-hyperbolic diffeomorphisms far from homoclinic tangencies, such that for any
$f\in {\mathcal{U}}$
, there exists a non-hyperbolic ergodic measure with full support and approximated by hyperbolic periodic measures. We also prove that there exists an open and dense subset
${\mathcal{V}}$
of the set of diffeomorphisms exhibiting a robust cycle, such that for any
$f\in {\mathcal{V}}$
, there exists a non-hyperbolic ergodic measure approximated by hyperbolic periodic measures.
Hospital-Onset Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia Is A Better Measure Than MRSA Bacteremia for Assessing Infection Prevention: Evaluation of 50 US Hospitals
Authors: Fakih Mohamad G. , Battjes Rebecca , Sturm Lisa , Jones Lindsey , Groves Clariecia , Bufalino Angelo , Hendrich Ann 
Published: February 2018

Of 500 hospital-onset Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia events (58% methicillin-susceptible S. aureus [MSSA]; 42% methicillin-resistant S. aureus [MRSA]), we found no significant differences in S. aureus bacteremia rates between medium-sized and large hospitals. However, the proportion of S. aureus bacteremia caused by MSSA was greater in medium-sized hospitals and did not correlate with MRSA bacteremia.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2018;39:476–478
Host availability affects the interaction between pupal parasitoidCoptera haywardi(Hymenoptera: Diiapridae) and larval–pupal parasitoidDiachasmimorpha longicaudata(Hymenoptera: Braconidae)
Authors: Montoya P. , Gálvez C. , Díaz-Fleischer F. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe use of multiple species in biological control programmes is controversial when interactions among them are not fully understood. We determined the response of the pupal parasitoidCoptera haywardi(Oglobin) to different availability ofAnastrepha ludens(Loew) pupae previously parasitized or not by larval–pupalDiachasmimorpha longicaudata(Ashmead). The two types of pupae were exposed at different ages and proportions to different numbers ofC. haywardifemales for 48 h. The performance ofC. haywardiadults emerging from parasitized and unparasitized pupae was measured.Coptera haywardiprefers to attack unparasitizedA. ludenspupae rather than pupae parasitized byD. longicaudata. However, when the availability of unparasitized pupae was low or the number of foraging females was high,C. haywardicompeted against early immature stages of theD. longicaudata, or hyperparasitized, feeding directly on the advanced-immature developmental stages of the early acting species. Adults ofC. haywardiemerging as hyperparasitoids were no different in size, fecundity and longevity from those emerging as primary parasitoids. Our data suggest that simultaneous use of these species in augmentative biological control projects may be feasible but should be carefully planned in order to avoid any detrimental effect of its interaction.
A new species ofPlatysiagumfrom the Luoping Biota (Anisian, Middle Triassic, Yunnan, South China) reveals the relationship between Platysiagidae and Neopterygii
Authors: WEN W. , HU S. X. , ZHANG Q. Y. , BENTON M. J. , KRIWET J. , CHEN Z. Q. , ZHOU C. Y. , XIE T. , HUANG J. Y. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractFour complete platysiagid fish specimens are described from the Luoping Biota, Anisian (Middle Triassic), Yunnan Province, southwest China. They are small fishes with bones and scales covered with ganoine. All characters observed, such as nasals meeting in the midline, a keystone-like dermosphenotic, absence of post-rostral bone, two infraorbitals between dermosphenotic and jugal, large antorbital, and two postcleithra, suggest that the new materials belong to a single, newPlatysiagumspecies,P. sinensissp. nov. Three genera are ascribed to Platysiagidae:Platysiagum,HelmolepisandCaelatichthys. However, most specimens of the first two genera are imprints or fragmentary. The new, well-preserved specimens from the Luoping Biota provide more detailed anatomical information than before, and thus help amend the concept of the Platysiagidae. The Family Platysiagidae was previously classed in the Perleidiformes. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that the Platysiagidae is a member of basal Neopterygii, and its origin seems to predate that of Perleidiformes. Moreover, platysiagid fishes are known from the Middle Triassic of the western Tethys region. The newly found specimens of platysiagids from Luoping provide additional evidence that both eastern and western sides of the Tethys Ocean were biogeographically more connected than previously thought.
Fonctions Certaines Admettant des Répartitions Asymptotiques et Fonctions Aléatoires Stationnaires
Authors: Blanc-Lapierre A. 
Published: February 2018

In the article below, we consider sets of non-random functions of time t admitting certain asymptotic distributions. Purely temporal and deterministic considerations lead us to associate to a set , say, of functions H(t) of this type, a space Ω of samples ω.To each function H(t) ⊂ , there corresponds a random variable h (ω). To the set of translated functions H(t + λ) of a function H(t) ⊂ , there corresponds a stationary random function of the translation parameter λ, say, h(λ, ω). We study the transposition to the set of non-random functions H(t) of such properties as moments, gaussian character, independence, harmonic analysis, and others, of the random variables h (ω) and of the random functions h (λ, ω).Some remarks are made concerning the links between ergodicity and the above problems.
Moderation of prior exposure to trauma on the inverse relationship between callous-unemotional traits and amygdala responses to fearful expressions: an exploratory study
Authors: Meffert Harma , Thornton Laura C. , Tyler Patrick M. , Botkin Mary L. , Erway Anna K. , Kolli Venkata , Pope Kayla , White Stuart F. , Blair R. James R. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundPrevious work has shown that amygdala responsiveness to fearful expressions is inversely related to level of callous-unemotional (CU) traits (i.e. reduced guilt and empathy) in youth with conduct problems. However, some research has suggested that the relationship between pathophysiology and CU traits may be different in those youth with significant prior trauma exposure.MethodsIn experiment 1, 72 youth with varying levels of disruptive behavior and trauma exposure performed a gender discrimination task while viewing morphed fear expressions (0, 50, 100, 150 fear) and Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent responses were recorded. In experiment 2, 66 of these youth performed the Social Goals Task, which measures self-reports of the importance of specific social goals to the participant in provoking social situations.ResultsIn experiment 1, a significant CU traits-by-trauma exposure interaction was observed within right amygdala; fear intensity-modulated amygdala responsesnegativelypredicted CU traits for those youth with low levels of trauma butpositivelypredicted CU traits for those with high levels of trauma. In experiment 2, a bootstrapped model revealed that the indirect effect of fear intensity amygdala response on social goal importance through CU traits is moderated by prior trauma exposure.ConclusionsThis study, while exploratory, indicates that the pathophysiology associated with CU traits differs in youth as a function of prior trauma exposure. These data suggest that prior trauma exposure should be considered when evaluating potential interventions for youth with high CU traits.
Chauvet and Anglican Sacramentology
Authors: Niebauer Michael 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis essay demonstrates how Louis-Marie Chauvet’s sacramental theology both coheres with the sacramentology of the Anglican divines and challenges the multitude of sacramental expressions within Anglicanism today. After giving a brief background to the sacramental controversies inherited by both Chauvet and Richard Hooker, the first section of this essay argues that key similarities exist between unitive Anglican sacramental concepts and core components of Louis-Marie Chauvet’s fundamental theology as outlined in his monograph Symbol and Sacrament. After demonstrating that, through these similarities, Chauvet’s theology should be seen as a fruitful conversation partner with Anglican sacramentology, the second section of the essay will focus on two concepts within Symbol and Sacrament (the Eucharist as stumbling block and ritual as symbolic rupture) that hold the potential to enrich sacramentology within Anglicanism today.
Local or global: A biophysical analysis of a regional food system
Authors: Kissinger Meidad , Sussmann Cornelia , Dorward Caitlin , Mullinix Kent 
Published: February 2018

AbstractGrowing concern regarding environmental, social, economic and food quality outcomes of the modern global industrial food system as well as the implications of climate change on food security and food system sustainability have fomented interest in, and action to advance localized food systems. Environmental stewardship is an oft-touted benefit of food system localization. However, few studies have comparatively examined actual environmental benefits of local versus global supply systems and most focus on only one aspect (e.g., GHG emissions). The study reported here comparatively analyzes land, water, carbon and ecological footprints of a localized food supply and contemporary global food supply for the South-West British Columbia (Canada), bioregion (SWBC). The footprint family approach utilized allows measuring overall biophysical loads for the studied region. We quantified regional rates of reliance on imported biophysical services; measured the performances of specific food products grown locally in comparison with their imported counterparts; and identified those commodities that have better and worse local biophysical performances. For the SWBC bioregion, only 35% of the food consumed in the region is locally produced. Supplying the region's food demands requires 2 million hectares of land and 3 billion m3 of water, generating approximately 2.8 million tons of CO2e, with an eco-footprint of 2.5 million gha. Examining a large number of commodities grown and consumed in the bioregion revealed that only some commodities grown locally have absolute or significant biophysical advantages, while the rest have very little to no local advantage. Our analysis challenges the notion that local food systems are necessarily more environmentally sustainable from a biophysical resource use perspective and therefore may not represent the most compelling argument(s) for food system localization. We call for better and more comprehensive comparative analysis of existing and desired food systems as a mean to advance sustainability.
A 52-to-67 GHz dual-core push–push VCO in 40-nm CMOS
Authors: Issakov Vadim , Rimmelspacher Johannes , Trotta Saverio , Tiebout Marc , Hagelauer Amelie , Weigel Robert 
Published: February 2018

AbstractWe present a continuously tunable 52-to-67 GHz push–push dual-core voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) in a 40 nm bulk complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) technology. The circuit is suitable for 60 GHz frequency-modulated-continuous-wave radar applications requiring a continuously tunable ultra-wide modulation bandwidth. The LC-tank inductor is used to couple the two VCO cores. The fundamental frequency of the VCO can be tuned from 26 to 33.5 GHz, which corresponds to a frequency tuning range of 25%. The second harmonic is extracted in a non-invasive way using a transformer. The primary side acts simultaneously as a second harmonic filter. The VCO achieves in measurement a low phase noise of −91.8 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset at 62 GHz and an output power of −20 dBm. The VCO including buffers dissipates in the dual-core operation mode 60 mA from a single 1.1 V supply and consumes a chip area of 0.58 mm2.
Overcrowding in the Peruvian prison system
Authors: Zevallos Julio César Magán 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIn this contribution the author examines overcrowding, one of the chronic problems that affect the prison system in Peru. First, the topic of the growth of the prison population during a determined period of years is addressed. Then, the author discusses three options for avoiding or controlling overcrowding in prisons: sending fewer people to prison, increasing the release of prisoners, and expanding existing prisons or building new ones. Finally, the article presents alternative measures of limiting freedom other than sending people to prison, and proposes a long-term solution which includes the participation of different sectors of the Peruvian government.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor regulates endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis and the associated inflammatory response in chondrocytes and the progression of osteoarthritis in rat
Authors: Chen Jian , Xie Jun-Jun , Shi Ke-Si , Gu Yun-Tao , Wu Cong-Cong , Xuan Jun , Ren Yue , Chen Long , Wu Yao-Sen , Zhang Xiao-Lei , Xiao Jian , Wang De-Zhong , Wang Xiang-Yang 
Published: February 2018

AbstractTreatments for osteoarthritis (OA) are designed to restore chondrocyte function and inhibit cell apoptosis. Previous studies have shown that activation of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) leads to anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects. However, the role of GLP-1R in the pathological process of OA is unclear. In present work, we aimed to demonstrate the potential effect of GLP-1R on chondrocytes and elucidate its underlying mechanisms. We found that activation of GLP-1R with liraglutide could protect chondrocytes against endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis induced by interleukin (IL)-1β or triglycerides (TGs). These effects were partially attenuated by GLP-1R small interfering RNA treatment. Moreover, inhibiting PI3K/Akt signaling abolished the protective effects of GLP-1R by increase the apoptosis activity and ER stress. Activating GLP-1R suppressed the nuclear factor kappa-B pathway, decreased the release of inflammatory mediators (IL-6, tumor necrosis factor α), and reduced matrix catabolism in TG-treated chondrocytes; these effects were abolished by GLP-1R knockdown. In the end, liraglutide attenuated rat cartilage degeneration in an OA model of knee joints in vivo. Our results indicate that GLP-1R is a therapeutic target for the treatment of OA, and that liraglutide could be a therapeutic candidate for this clinical application.