bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Joint radio resource and power allocation using Nash bargaining game for H‐CRAN with nonideal fronthaul links
Authors: Esmat H.H. , Elmesalawy Mahmoud M. , Abdelhakam Mostafa M. , Elhattab M.K. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractHeterogeneous cloud radio access network (H‐CRAN) is introduced as a novel network architecture that takes the full rewards of both heterogeneous cellular network (HCNs) and cloud radio access network (CRAN). In H‐CRAN architecture, the remote radio heads of small cells (SCs) are overlaid within the coverage of macro cell and linked to the baseband unit pool through nonideal fronthaul connections. To improve the spectral efficiency of this network, the SCs are developed to reuse the same resources used by the macro cell. However, this will introduce inter‐tier interference between macro cell and SCs and intra‐tier interference among SCs that need to be efficiently managed. In this paper, the joint problem of radio resource and power allocation in H‐CRAN is formulated using cooperative Nash bargaining game. This optimization problem is designed to maximize the total throughput of SCs, while considering the fairness between user equipments (UEs) in each SC, interference protection requirements for macro UEs, outage probability requirements, and the capacity limitation of nonideal fronthaul connections. Then, by using Lagrangian dual decomposition, the near‐optimal bargaining allocation strategy for radio resources and power of each SC UE is determined. Simulation results illustrate that the performance of the suggested algorithm outperforms the other comparable algorithm in terms of the SCs' achieved throughput and fairness. Moreover, the effect of nonideal fronthaul capacity constraint and the interference protection limit of macro UEs on the performance of the suggested scheme are examined.
Throughput maximization in poisson aerial base station–based networks with coverage probability and power density constraints
Authors: Saeedi Arvin , Azizi Arman , Mokari Nader 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a new scheme called dynamic power‐dynamic density at which our goal is to maximize the throughput of aerial base station–based networks with coverage probability and power density constraints. The corresponding optimization problem is nonconvex and intractable. To tackle this issue, we propose an iterative algorithm based on the well‐known alternative method. In this method, we decompose the optimization problem into two nonconvex subproblems, namely, power allocation and density finding. Then, in order to provide a low complex and high speed algorithm, these subproblems are transformed into geometric programming forms, which can be solved by existing convex tools. Moreover, the convergence of the proposed iterative scheme is proved and it is studied from the computational complexity perspective. To investigate the performance of the proposed algorithm with existing schemes, we consider two other schemes, namely, dynamic power‐fixed density and dynamic density‐fixed power. Based on simulation results, the throughput of aerial base stations in our scheme is approximately 27% more than that of the two existing schemes. Furthermore, the trade‐off between power and density for different network parameters is studied.
Recent admixture between species of the fungal pathogenHistoplasma
Authors: Maxwell Colin S. , Sepulveda Victoria E. , Turissini David A. , Goldman William E. , Matute Daniel R. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractHybridization between species of pathogens has the potential to speed evolution of virulence by providing the raw material for adaptation through introgression or by assembling new combinations of virulence traits. Fungal diseases are a source high morbidity, and remain difficult to treat. Yet the frequency of hybridization between fungal species has rarely been explored, and the functional role of introgressed alleles remains largely unknown. Histoplasma mississippiense and H. ohiense are sympatric throughout their range in North America and have distinct virulence strategies, making them an ideal system to examine the role introgression may play in fungal pathogens. We identified introgressed tracts in the genomes of a sample of H. mississippiense and H. ohiense isolates. We found strong evidence in each species for recent admixture, but introgressed alleles were present at low frequencies, suggesting that they were deleterious. Consistent with this, coding and regulatory sequences were strongly depleted within introgressed regions, whereas intergenic regions were enriched, indicating that functional introgressed alleles were frequently deleterious in their new genomic context. Surprisingly, we found only two isolates with substantial admixture: the H. mississippiense and H. ohiense genomic reference strains, WU24 and G217B, respectively. Our results show that recent admixture has occurred, that it is frequently deleterious and that conclusions based on studies of the H. mississippiense and H. ohiense type strains should be revisited with more representative samples from the genus.
Extinguishment of hydrocarbon pool fires by ultrafine water mist with ammonium/amidogen compound in an improved cup burner
Authors: Liang Tianshui , Li Runwan , Li Jing , Xu Yanyan , Zhong Wei , Zhao Jun , Lo Siuming 
Published: June 2018

SummaryUltrafine water mist (UFWM) (<10 μm), as a total flooding agent, has been proven to overcome obstructions in extinguishing fire. To examine the efficacy of UFWM extinguishing pool fires and reveal the primary fire extinguishing mechanisms of heat adsorption, a predictive model of minimum extinguishing concentration (MEC) is developed based on heat extraction, and the experimental data of MECs were obtained with an improved cup burner. The contribution of heat adsorption is about 25% to 50%, and turbulence effect also plays an important role in extinguishing fire. To improve fire inhibition effectiveness of UFWM by turbulence effect, CO (NH2)2, NH4HCO3, and (NH4)2HPO4 were selected as additives; KCl and KH2PO4 were also chosen for comparison purpose. It is discovered that CO (NH2)2 and (NH4)2HPO4 in the low concentrations can improve the fire extinction effectiveness except NH4HCO3. CO (NH2)2 has the most contribution to fire extinction at the optimum concentration (about 0.01 mol L−1 for n‐heptane fire and 0.03 mol L−1 for ethanol fire). Moreover, CO (NH2)2 (at 0.03 mol L−1) was dramatically better than KH2PO4 in extinguishing ethanol fire, and its effect is very close to that of KCl (at 0.067 mol L−1) for ethanol fire.
Ancestry and Adaptation of Rainbow Trout in Yosemite National Park
Authors: Pearse Devon E , Campbell Matthew A 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
California's Central Valley contains an abundance of rivers with historical and potential productivity for anadromous salmonids, which are currently limited by impacts such as dams, water diversions, and high temperatures. We surveyed genetic variation in Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss within the upper Tuolumne and Merced rivers in and around Yosemite National Park to evaluate both population origins (ancestry) and the evolutionary response to natural and artificial barriers to migration (adaptation). This analysis revealed that despite extensive stocking with hatchery Rainbow Trout strains throughout the study area, most populations retained largely indigenous ancestry. Adaptive genomic variation associated with anadromy was distributed throughout the study area, with higher frequencies observed in populations connected to reservoirs that are known to support adfluvial life history variants. Fish in southern Central Valley rivers experience temperatures near the upper thermal limit for salmonids and represent an important reservoir of genomic diversity for adaptation to climate change. These results highlight the importance of local adaptation as well as the potential for resident Rainbow Trout populations above barrier dams to contribute to the recovery of steelhead (anadromous Rainbow Trout) once migratory connectivity is restored between upstream spawning and rearing habitats and the ocean.
A subregion‐based burden test for simultaneous identification of susceptibility loci and subregions within
Authors: Zhu Bin , Mirabello Lisa , Chatterjee Nilanjan 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn rare variant association studies, aggregating rare and/or low frequency variants, may increase statistical power for detection of the underlying susceptibility gene or region. However, it is unclear which variants, or class of them, in a gene contribute most to the association. We proposed a subregion‐based burden test (REBET) to simultaneously select susceptibility genes and identify important underlying subregions. The subregions are predefined by shared common biologic characteristics, such as the protein domain or functional impact. Based on a subset‐based approach considering local correlations between combinations of test statistics of subregions, REBET is able to properly control the type I error rate while adjusting for multiple comparisons in a computationally efficient manner. Simulation studies show that REBET can achieve power competitive to alternative methods when rare variants cluster within subregions. In two case studies, REBET is able to identify known disease susceptibility genes, and more importantly pinpoint the unreported most susceptible subregions, which represent protein domains essential for gene function. R package REBET is available at https://dceg.cancer.gov/tools/analysis/rebet.
Rs4759314 polymorphism located in HOTAIR is associated with the risk of congenital heart disease by alternating downstream signaling via reducing its expression
Authors: Li Yunyun , Zhao Wenrong , Shi Ri , Jia Jun , Li Xiaona , Cheng Jingxin 
Published: June 2018

AbstractOur study was aimed to investigate the mechanism of rs4759314 located in HOTAIR involved in congenital heart disease. Luciferase assay was performed to evaluate whether rs4759314 affected the transcription efficiency of HOTAIR promoter, and confirm miR‐545 target gene. Real‐time PCR, Western‐blot and IHC were carried out to investigate the relationship among HOTAIR, EGFR, p‐ERK, P‐P38 MAPK. MTT assay and flow cytometry analysis were performed to detect the effect of HOTAIR on cell viability and apoptosis. The presence of G allele of the polymorphism located in HOTAIR promoted transcription activity of HOTAIR promoter. Furthermore, HOTAIR inhibited miR‐545 expression. EGFR was identified as a virtual target gene of miR‐545 using bioinformatics analysis, and miR‐545 apparently decreased luciferase activity of wild‐type EGFR 3′UTR, while miR‐545 had no effect on luciferase activity of mutant EGFR 3′UTR. HOTAIR and EGFR were lowly expressed, while miR‐545 was highly expressed in VSD group. Higher levels of HOTAIR and ECFR, while a lower level of miR‐545 were observed in AG than AA groups. Regulatory relationships between HOTAIR and miR‐545, as well as EGFR and miR‐545 were found to be negatively correlated, with the negative correlation coefficient being −0.49 and −0.46, respectively. HOTAIR evidently increased EGFR p‐ERK and P‐P38 MAPK expression levels, moreover HOTAIR substantially promoted cell viability, and inhibited cell apoptosis. In this study, we suggested the possible relation between the rs4759314 polymorphism and the risk of congenital heart disease, and explored the deregulation of HOTAIR/miR‐545/EGFR/MAPK signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of congenital heart disease.
IL‐1β promotes the nuclear translocaiton of S100A4 protein in gastric cancer cells MGC803 and the cell's stem‐like properties through PI3K pathway
Authors: Yu Aiwen , Wang Yu , Bian Yue , Chen Lisha , Guo Junfu , Shen Wei , Chen Danqi , Liu Shanshan , Sun Xiuju 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIt has been shown that nuclear expression of S100A4 is significantly correlated with increased metastasis and reduced survival in patients with gastric cancer and many other cancers. However, the factors which could influence the nuclear contents of S100A4 in cancer cells are not clear. It has also been reported that Interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) promotes the nuclear translocation of S100A4 in chondrocytes. Previous studies have shown that IL‐1β promotes the stemness of colon cancer cells, and S100A4 is also involved in maintaining cancer‐initiating cells in head and neck cancers. We speculate that IL‐1β might promote the nuclear translocation of S100A4 protein in MGC803 gastric cancer cells and therefore enhance their stem‐like properties. The results from Western‐blot and qRT‐PCR analysis showed that IL‐1β increased the nuclear and total cellular content of S100A4 protein and S100A4 mRNA level in MGC803 cells. LY294002, a pharmacological inhibitor of Phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K) reversed the above effects. Functional studies indicated that IL‐1β promoted the colony‐forming and spheroid‐forming capabilities of the cells and the expression of SOX2 and NANOG gene. PI3K or S100A4 inhibition reversed the IL‐1β‐mediated increase in colony and spheroid‐forming capabilities of the cells. LY294002 also reversed the elevated SOX2 and NANOG expression induced by IL‐1β. Our study demonstrated that IL‐1β promote the nuclear translocation of S100A4 protein in gastric cancer cells MGC803, which are PI3K dependent, suggesting the existence of IL‐1β‐PI3K‐S100A4 pathway for the first time. The study also showed that IL‐1β promoted stem‐like properties of the cells through the new pathway.
Bone mesenchymal stem cells pretreated with erythropoietin enhance the effect to ameliorate cyclosporine A‐induced nephrotoxicity in rats
Authors: Zhou Song , Liu Yong‐guang , Zhang Ya , Hu Jian‐min , Liu Ding , Chen Hua , Li Min , Guo Ying , Fan Li‐pei , Li Liu‐Yang , Zhao Ming 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAn increasing number of experiments and clinical trials have demonstrated the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)‐based therapies for the treatment of various diseases. The main drawbacks of MSC therapy are the lack of specific homing after systemic infusion and early death of injected cells because of the injury micro‐environment. We pretreated bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) with erythropoietin (EPO) to investigate their positive effect on cyclosporine A (CsA)‐induced nephrotoxicity. BMSCs were incubated with different concentrations of EPO (10, 100, 500, and 1000 IU/mL) for 24 and 48 h, and their proliferation rate, cytoskeletal morphology, migration ability, and the expression of CXCR4 were evaluated to determine the optimal pretreatment conditions. To investigate the therapeutic effects of BMSCs pretreated with EPO in CsA‐induced nephrotoxicity, we established CsA‐induced in vitro and in vivo toxicity models. In our in vitro study, preconditioning of BMSCs with 500 IU/mL EPO for 48 h induced a marked increase in their proliferation rate, cytoskeletal rearrangement, migration in the scrape‐healing assay, and migration toward injured HK2 cells. In vivo, EPO‐BMSCs showed higher ability to improve renal function than BMSCs, and in CsA‐induced rats treated with EPO‐BMSCs, interstitial lymphocyte infiltration, tubular swelling, necrosis, and interstitial fibrosis decreased. We demonstrated that pretreatment with 500 IU/mL EPO before infusion markedly increased the homing ability of BMSCs, and obviously ameliorate CsA‐induced nephrotoxicity in rats.
Protein phenotype diagnosis of autosomal dominant calmodulin mutations causing irregular heart rhythms
Authors: Shaik Noor A. , Awan Zuhier A. , Verma Prashant K. , Elango Ramu , Banaganapalli Babajan 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe life‐threatening group of irregular cardiac rhythmic disorders also known as Cardiac Arrhythmias (CA) are caused by mutations in highly conserved Calmodulin (CALM/CaM) genes. Herein, we present a multidimensional approach to diagnose changes in phenotypic, stability, and Ca2+ ion binding properties of CA‐causing mutations. Mutation pathogenicity was determined by diverse computational machine learning approaches. We further modeled the mutations in 3D protein structure and analyzed residue level phenotype plasticity. We have also examined the influence of torsion angles, number of H‐bonds, and free energy dynamics on the stability, near‐native simulation dynamic potential of residue fluctuations in protein structures, Ca2+ ion binding potentials, of CaM mutants. Our study recomends to use M‐CAP method for measuring the pathogenicity of CA causing CaM variants. Interestingly, most CA‐causing variants we analyzed, exists in either third (V/H‐96, S/I‐98, V‐103) or fourth (G/V‐130, V/E/H‐132, H‐134, P‐136, G‐141, and L‐142) EF‐hands located in carboxyl domains of the CaM molecule. We observed that the minor structural fluctuations caused by these variants are likely tolerable owing to the highly flexible nature of calmodulin's globular domains. However, our molecular docking results supports that these variants disturb the affinity of CaM toward Ca2+ ions and corroborate previous findings from functional studies. Taken together, these computational findings can explain the molecular reasons for subtle changes in structure, flexibility, and stability aspects of mutant CaM molecule. Our comprehensive molecular scanning approach demonstrates the utility of computational methods in quick preliminary screening of CA‐ CaM mutations before undertaking time consuming and complicated functional laboratory assays.
Retracted: Efficacy of different drugs in the treatment of minimal hepatic encephalopathy: A network meta‐analysis involving 826 patients based on 10 randomized controlled trials
Authors: Cai Xiao‐Jun , Wang Lei , Hu Chun‐Mei 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMinimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE), a complex neuropsychological complication of cirrhosis, is characterized by delayed reaction time and the inhibition of abnormal response. This network meta‐analysis (NMA) was adopted to compare the efficacy of five drugs including lactulose, probiotics, rifaximin, acetyl‐L‐carnitine (ALC), and L‐Ornithine L‐aspartate (LOLA) in the treatment of MHE. The Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase databases were searched for any existing entail on these five drugs from the inception to February 2018, including Randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The NMA of the five drugs, accounting for both direct and indirect comparisons to assess WMD (weighted mean difference) and SUCRA (surface under the cumulative ranking curves) was conducted. In total, 10 RTCS with 826 MHE patients met the inclusion criteria and were included in the NMA. The meta‐analysis revealed that compared with placebo, lactulose, and probiotics had better efficacy in reducing ammonia serum levels and total SIP (Sickness Impact Profil) score; ALC had better efficacy in lowering serum level of ammonia and increasing the serum level of albumin; rifaximin and LOLA had better efficacy in reducing total SIP score. The results from SUCRA revealed that in terms of ammonia and albumin serums, ALC presented with the highest rankings when it comes to efficacy (serum ammonia: 87.2%; serum albumin: 92.25%). Hence, the key findings from the present study highly suggested that ALC had the best efficacy in the treatment of MHE patients.
Long noncoding RNA lung cancer associated transcript 1 promotes proliferation and invasion of clear cell renal cell carcinoma cells by negatively regulating miR‐495‐3p
Authors: Wang Li‐Na , Zhu Xin‐Qing , Song Xi‐Shuang , Xu Yong 
Published: June 2018

AbstractRecently, long noncoding RNAs have emerged as new gene regulators and prognostic markers in several cancers, including renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Here, we focused on the long noncoding RNA lung cancer associated transcript 1 (LUCAT1) based on clear cell RCC (ccRCC) the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) data. However, whether aberrant expression of LUCAT1 in ccRCC is correlated with malignancy, metastasis or prognosis has not been elucidated. In the current study, we found that the expression of LUCAT1 was upregulated in ccRCC tissues and cancer cell lines. Upregulated LUCAT1 was positively correlated with larger tumor size, advanced tumor‐node‐metastasis (TNM) stage, higher smoking frequency, nodal metastasis and shorter overall survival in patients with ccRCC. Inhibition of LUCAT1 by small interfering RNA reduced cell proliferation and invasion of ccRCC cells in vitro. In vivo assay showed that the tumor volume and weight were lower in the group of LUCAT1 inhibition than that in the control group. We then found that LUCAT1 directly bound and inhibited the expression of micoRNA‐495‐3p (miR‐495‐3p), which subsequently regulated the expression of special adenine‐thymine (AT)‐rich DNA‐binding protein 1 (SATB1). Collectively, LUCAT1 was critical for proliferation and invasion of ccRCC cells by regulating miR‐495‐3p and SATB1. Our findings indicated that LUCAT1 and miR‐495‐3p may offer potential novel therapeutic targets of treatment of ccRCC.
Understanding the social context of adolescent nonsuicidal self‐injury
Authors: Victor Sarah E. , Klonsky Elisha David 
Published: June 2018

AbstractObjectiveResearch investigating the social context of adolescent nonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI) has been limited. We therefore examined social characteristics of NSSI, such as knowledge of friends’ NSSI and the role friends play in continuing NSSI, and their relationships to other known NSSI correlates, such as suicidality.MethodWe assessed NSSI characteristics, including social features, in a community sample of 89 self‐injuring adolescents. We also assessed psychosocial correlates of NSSI, including impulsivity, self‐concept, and psychiatric symptoms.ResultsKnowledge of friends’ NSSI was relatively common among self‐injurers. In addition, knowledge of friends’ NSSI was associated with use of more NSSI methods, cutting behaviors, and suicidal ideation, but not with other NSSI correlates. However, teaching or encouragement of NSSI by friends was rare.ConclusionsKnowledge of friends’ NSSI may serve as marker of increased severity among adolescent self‐injurers. These findings have implications for identifying and intervening with high‐risk self‐injuring youth.
Strategies for directed and adapted evolution as part of microbial strain engineering
Authors: Zhou Shenghu , Alper Hal S 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe industrial production of chemicals by microorganisms usually requires improvements to the enzymes, pathways, and strain that go beyond the capacity of innate enzymes. To achieve these phenotypes and overcome our limited capacity to de novo design these parts, directed and adaptive evolutionary approaches are used to explore new functions. This review highlights the recent advances in both sequence diversity generation and selection strategies from traditional in vitro mutagenesis to novel in vivo continuous evolution applications. The focus here is on comparison of the different gene diversity methods in an attempt to distinguish the best strategy for protein or strain engineering for a given goal. Furthermore, the important role that screening and selection can play in advancing directed and adapted evolution is discussed. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Transient lightning response of grounding grids in a horizontal, multilayered soil model that considers soil ionization effects with time‐domain quasi‐static complex images
Authors: Li Zhong‐Xin , Rao Shao‐Wei 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA novel mathematical model is proposed that can accurately calculate the lightning current distribution and lightning impulse response of a grounding horizontal grid with a vertical rod embedded in a horizontal, multilayered earth model, under the consideration of soil‐ionization effects. To improve the computational efficiency, a quasi‐static complex image method and the closed form of the time‐domain Green's function were introduced into the model.