bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dibutyltin dilaurate catalysed guar gum and toluene diisocyanate polyurethane foam for the removal of malachite green from wastewater
Authors: Chauhan Kavita , Chauhan Sandeep , Kumar Kiran , Kumari Babita , Gupta Nitika , Chauhan Ghanshyam S. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn view of the huge potential in various applications, biopolymer‐based polyurethane foams (PUF) are attracting researchers. In the present study, we report the modification of guar gum (GG) via polyaddition reaction with toluene diisocyanate (TDI) using dibutyltin dilaurate as catalyst, silicone oil as surfactant and calcium carbonate as filler to form GG‐PUF. The as‐synthesized GG‐PUF was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), XRD, field emission SEM, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, and surface charge analysis. In the FTIR spectrum of GG‐PUF, peaks at 3290, 1705, 1595, and 1510 cm−1 are attributed to stretching vibrations of –NH, –C=O, –C=C– of the benzene ring of TDI, and the –NH bending vibration of the urethane group, respectively. The XRD patterns of GG and GG‐PUF indicate their semicrystalline and amorphous nature, respectively. The field emission SEM of GG‐PUF exhibits high porosity compared to the smooth surface of GG due to the evolution of CO2 gas during the foaming reaction. The GG‐PUF was evaluated as an adsorbent for cationic dyes from wastewater. The preliminary adsorption studies showed maximum adsorption for malachite green with 93.54% removal at 40 °C and pH 6.0 in 60 min. The adsorption mechanism was studied by various nonlinear kinetic models, namely the pseudo‐first order, pseudo‐second order and Elovich, and nonlinear isotherm models, such as Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin. The adsorption followed pseudo‐secondorder kinetics and a Langmuir isotherm with a maximum adsorption capacity of 156.44 mg g−1. The small value of the error function (χ2) and normalized standard deviation (Δq%) from nonlinear models indicated the better fitting of the data into nonlinear kinetics and isotherm models. Furthermore, GG‐PUF showed substantial degradability under simulated wastewater conditions at acidic and alkaline pH and reusability up to 10 adsorption–desorption cycles. Hence, GG‐PUF has tremendous potential as a sustainable, economical and environmentally friendly adsorbent for eliminating cationic dyes from wastewater. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Evaluation of Cold Atmospheric‐Pressure Plasma Effects on DNA Endoreplication in Callosobruchus maculatus: A Rapid Flow Cytometry‐Based Study
Authors: Kirk‐Bradley Nahndi , Burciaga Megan , Zhu‐Salzman Keyan , Renchie Don L. , Moore Janie M. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the chromosomal changes in Callosobruchus maculatus utilizing flow cytometry analysis following treatment with high‐voltage modified air‐based cold atmospheric‐pressure plasma (CAP) generated in a contained dielectric barrier discharge reactor. C. maculatus, a significant bio‐contaminant in cowpea legumes with potential infestation in other legumes such as chickpeas and lentils, was the focus of this study. CAP treatment has garnered attention as a potential control method for stored product pests, demonstrating high mortalities in various insect species. However, the underlying mechanism of action remains elusive. Our investigation, using a flow cytometry‐based approach, reveals the absence of increased DNA ploidy in CAP‐treated C. maculatus. This finding contributes to the ongoing exploration of the efficacy and mechanisms underlying cold plasma treatment in pest management strategies.
Tailoring Synergistic Polylactic Acid–Based Nanocomposites for Sustainable Antimicrobial Fruit Packaging
Authors: Abdul Malek Nur Syazwani , Omar Hafsa , Rosman Nurfarhana , Hajar Nadya , Aizamddin Muhammad Faiz , Bonnia Noor Najmi , Khusaimi Zuraida , Mahmood Mohamad Rusop , Asli Noor Asnida 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe rising demand for sustainable and antimicrobial packaging materials has fuelled innovations in polymer‐based solutions, especially in the preservation of fresh fruit to reduce food waste and enhance food safety. This review delves into the advancement and refinement of nanocomposites based on polylactic acid (PLA) for sustainable antimicrobial fruit packaging, emphasising the synergistic effects of combining PLA with nanofillers and antimicrobial agents, such as metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, plant extracts and essential oils (EOs) and carbon nanomaterial. By elucidating the synergistic effects that emerge from these combinations, this review examines the ability to enhance mechanical and antibacterial properties of PLA, followed by a review of the recent changes in sustainable fruit packaging solutions that integrate technological features and environmental considerations. Ultimately, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the advancements in PLA‐based antimicrobial packaging, offering insights on the environmental benefits of integrating antimicrobial functionality into PLA‐based materials and the future of sustainable packaging for fruit preservation.
Potential Biomarkers for Neurobrucellosis Diagnosis and Treatment Based on Cerebrospinal Fluid Metabolomics Analysis
Authors: Liu Meiling , Shi Shujun , Guo Yuzhou , Lv Menghan , Feng Xuan , Liu Ting , Yang Hao , Zhang Zhelin 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundZhenzhu Tongluo pills (ZZTL) have been utilized for the treatment of neurobrucellosis (NB) in the Inner Mongolia region of China. However, the specific mechanism underlying the neuroprotective effects of ZZTL in NB remains insufficiently explored. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the metabolite profiles across different groups to identify potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of NB.MethodsLC–MS analysis was used to screen differential metabolites in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from control subjects, NB patients, and NB patients undergoing ZZTL therapy.ResultsWe identified 225 common metabolites across two comparison groups (NB vs. control group and NB + ZZTL vs. NB group). Among these metabolites, 138 were downregulated, and 87 were upregulated in the NB group compared to the control group, while the levels of these metabolites were reversed by ZZTL therapy. Creatinine exhibited the highest VIP score in both comparison groups, with elevated levels observed in CSF samples from NB patients compared to controls; however, its levels were reduced following ZZTL therapy. Additionally, hypoxanthine and uric acids levels were also increased in CSF samples from NB patients, indicating dysregulation of purine metabolism in NB; however, these changes were reversed by ZZTL. Furthermore, pantothenic acid (vitamin B5) and niacinamide (vitamin B3) levels were decreased in CSF samples from NB patients, suggesting a potential link between NB and vitamin B3 and B5 deficiency; however, these changes were reversed by ZZTL.ConclusionCollectively, CSF metabolomics may effectively differentiate NB patients from control subjects, providing valuable insights for NB diagnosis and treatment.
Aridity Structures the Microbial Potential for Carbon Cycling and Mediates the Impact of Mammal Bioturbation at the Continental Scale
Authors: Egidi Eleonora , Decker Orsi , Coleine Claudia , Albanese Davide , Gibb Heloise 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionIn Australia, the historical loss of native digging mammals has profoundly changed ecosystems and their functioning. However, little is known about how the decline in digging mammal presence alters microbes and their functional potential and how aridity affects these relationships.Materials and MethodsWe used metagenomic sequencing to explore changes in genes encoding enzymes for carbon cycling (CAZymes) in five sites along a continent‐wide aridity gradient, with and without digging mammals.ResultsThe diversity of CAZy genes was reduced with increases in aridity, which also affected their structure and reduced the abundance of genes involved in both plant (cellulose and starch) and microbial (glucans, peptidoglycan and chitin) biomass degradation. Conversely, digging mammals had a limited effect on the structure and diversity of CAZy genes, indicating an overall resistance of the microbial carbon cycling potential to mammal disturbance at the whole community level. However, when considering individual functional groups, digging activity increased the abundance of genes involved in microbial biomass decomposition (i.e., glucanases), while reducing the abundance of genes associated with recalcitrant plant biomass degradation (i.e., cellulases). Notably, these effects were observed only in the most arid sites and was mostly mediated by increases in SOM content linked to mammal activity.ConclusionsOverall, our study shows that aridity shapes the diversity and structure of CAZy genes, while also modulating the effect of mammal bioturbation on the microbial potential for carbon cycling. This suggests that the loss of digging mammals throughout much of Australia's arid zone, in particular, is likely to have important repercussions on the microbial capacity to carry decomposition processes and the turnover of organic matter in soils.
Role of biochar made from low‐value woody forest residues in ecological sustainability and carbon neutrality
Authors: Ghosh Dipita , Page‐Dumroese Deborah S. , Han Han‐Sup , Anderson Nathaniel 
Published: November 2024

AbstractForest management activities that are intended to improve forest health and reduce the risk of catastrophic fire generate low‐value woody biomass, which is often piled and open‐burned for disposal. This leads to greenhouse gas emissions, long‐lasting burn scars, air pollution, and increased risk of escaped prescribed fire. Converting low‐value biomass into biochar can be a promising avenue for advancing forest sustainability and carbon neutrality. Biochar can be produced either in a centralized facility or by using place‐based techniques that mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and generate a high‐carbon product with diverse applications. This review explores the multifaceted roles of biochar produced from low‐value biomass during forest restoration activities in the context of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and carbon sequestration for climate change mitigation. First, the ecological benefits are evaluated, including soil restoration, nutrient cycling, and vegetation enhancement, which are pivotal for restoring post‐disturbance forest health and enhancing resilience to future disturbance. Second, we evaluate the role of biochar in carbon sequestration and carbon neutrality objectives, which also foster sustainable soil practices and sustainable forest management. In addition, we highlight biochar markets, commercialization, and carbon credit interactions as emerging mechanisms to incentivize biomass utilization for biochar. The integration of biochar made from low‐value woody residues from forest restoration can enhance restoration strategies, engage stakeholders in sustainable land management practices, and mitigate environmental problems while enhancing the resilience of forest ecosystems to future disturbances. The findings underscore the importance of leveraging low‐value woody biomass for biochar production as a strategic resource for achieving comprehensive forest restoration goals and fostering sustainable development in forested landscapes.
Multiplex Biomimetic SLIPS With Super‐Lubricity to Multiphase Matters
Authors: Song Xiaorui , Hou Yuanyuan , Zhang Xiuli , Zhao Yuanliang , Wu Yongling , Liu Mingming , Guo Zhiguang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn recent years, slippery liquid infused porous surfaces (SLIPS) renowned for their exceptional liquid repellency and anti‐fouling properties, have garnered considerable attention. However, the instability of both structural integrity and the oil film severely restricts their practical applications. This study is inspired by superwetting biological surfaces, such as fish scales, seashells, and Nepenthes, to design and fabricate a multiplex biomimetic and robust lubricant‐infused textured surface (LITMS) using laser‐coating composite processing technology. The influence of morphological structure and chemical composition on oil stability, wettability, and lubricating properties are systematically investigated. The LITMS exhibits remarkable repellency toward multiphase materials, including liquids, ice crystals, and solids, demonstrating exceptional omniphobicity, anti‐icing, and anti‐friction properties. Thus, this preparation strategy and construction methodology for SLIPS provide new insights into interfacial phenomena and promote advancements in applications for engineering material protection and machinery lubrication.
Artificial Intelligence‐Empowered Spectroscopic Single Molecule Localization Microscopy
Authors: Hyun Yoonsuk , Kim Doory 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSpectroscopic single‐molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) has revolutionized the visualization and analysis of molecular structures and dynamics at the nanoscale level. The technique of combining high spatial resolution of SMLM with spectral information, enables multicolor super‐resolution imaging and provides insights into the local chemical environment of individual molecules. However, spectroscopic SMLM faces significant challenges, including limited spectral resolution and compromised localization precision because of signal splitting and the difficulties in analyzing complex, multidimensional datasets, that limit its application in studying intricate biological systems and materials. The recent integration of artificial intelligence (AI) with spectroscopic SMLM has emerged as a powerful approach for addressing these challenges. Here, it is reviewed how AI‐based methods applied to spectroscopic SMLM enhance and expand the capabilities of these applications. Recent advancements in AI‐driven data analysis for spectroscopic SMLM, including improved spectral classification, localization precision, and extraction of rich spectral information from unmodified point‐spread functions are discussed, further examining their applications in biological studies, materials science, and single‐molecule reaction analysis, which highlight how AI provides new insights into molecular behavior and interactions. The AI‐empowered approach adds new dimensions of information and provides new opportunities and insights into the nanoscale world of rapidly evolving field of spectroscopic SMLM.
Recent Advances in Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Materials in Type II Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Berbigier Jônatas F. , da Luz Lilian C. , Rodembusch Fabiano S. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) represents a novel, dual‐stage cancer treatment approach that combines light energy and photosensitizers to destroy cancerous and precancerous cells through the generation of radicals (Type I) or singlet oxygen (Type II). Since the early 2010s, PDT has advanced significantly, with the focus shifting toward the exploration of molecules capable of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) as viable alternatives to traditional metallic complexes and organometallic compounds for producing the necessary active species. TADF molecules exhibit higher energy conversion efficiency, long‐lived triplet excitons, tunable photophysical properties, and a small singlet‐triplet energy gap, facilitating efficient intersystem crossing and enhanced singlet oxygen generation. As metal‐free luminophores, they offer benefits such as reduced health risks, high structural flexibility, and biocompatibility, which can significantly enhance PDT treatment efficacy. Notably, in 2019, a pivotal shift occurred, with researchers concentrating their efforts on identifying and investing in potential molecules specifically for Type II PDT applications. This review presents the innovative use of materials characterized by closely spaced S1 and T1 orbitals, crucial for the efficient generation of singlet oxygen in PDT. Exploring these materials opens new avenues for enhancing the efficacy and specificity of PDT, offering promising for future cancer treatments.
Long‐Term Body Weight Trends in Gobra Zebu Cattle Reared at the ‘Centre de Recherches Zootechniques’ of Dahra (Senegal): A Historical Perspective (1952–2018)
Authors: Sambe Babacar Souleymane , Diouf Mame Nahé , Ciss Mamadou , Diop Mamadou , Sembene Mbacké 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe socio‐economic impact of rearing Gobra zebu cattle in rural areas has yet to be demonstrated in Senegal. This impact was evident in the 1950s when a genetic breeding programme for this breed was initiated by the ‘Centre de Recherches Zootechniques’ of Dahra. The management of animals in this programme has evolved considerably, particularly due to the constraints encountered and the progressive acquisition of knowledge about the animals. This study aims to describe the evolution over time of the weight performance of Gobra zebu cattle reared at the Dahra station. The study utilizes all body weight monitoring data of the animals maintained at the centre from 1952 to 2018. The data were analysed based on age, sex, year of birth and the selection scheme in force at the time of the animal's birth. The average body weights observed in this study are as follows: 23.3 kg at birth, 69.3 kg at 3 months, 106.08 kg at 6 months, 145.9 kg at 1 year, 225.1 kg at 2 years, 294.9 kg at 3 years, 327.06 kg at 4 years and about 350 kg at ages over 4 years. Significant differences in average body weights were noted depending on sex and the selection scheme in place. These results are supported by various research studies conducted at the Dahra station.
Progress in Profitable Fe‐Based Flow Batteries for Broad‐Scale Energy Storage
Authors: Huan Zhang , Sun Chuanyu , Ge Mingming 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe development of an affordable, environmentally acceptable alternative energy storage devices are required to address the present energy problem and offer a viable solution for renewable energy sources with intermittency. As a broad‐scale energy storage technology, redox flow battery (RFB) has broad application prospects. However, commercializing mainstream all‐vanadium RFBs is slow due to the high cost. Owing to the environmental friendliness and affordable iron‐based raw materials the interest on iron‐based RFBs are increasing. The aim of the perspective is to offer a quick overview on research progress of iron‐based RFBs, including their research status, history, and development of essential components. Influencing factors such as conductivity, solubility, hydrogen evolution, reaction kinetics, etc. are summarized comprehensively. Further research was identified on reducing the hydrogen evolution on the electrodes, exploring economical and easy‐to‐recycle solutions for active materials, improving the stability of electrodes, and developing new electrode structures.
Scalar tidal response of a rotating BTZ black hole
Authors: Bhatt Rajendra Prasad , Singha Chiranjeeb 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We study the response of a rotating BTZ black hole to the scalar tidal perturbation. We show that the real component of the tidal response function isn’t zero, indicating that a rotating BTZ black hole possesses non-zero tidal Love numbers. Additionally, we observe scale-dependent behaviour, known as log-running, in the tidal response function. We also conduct a separate analysis on an extremal rotating BTZ black hole, finding qualitative similarities with its non-extremal counterpart. In addition, we present a procedure to calculate the tidal response function of a charged rotating BTZ black hole as well.
Is there a case for or against patents to incentivize green technologies?: A critical evaluation of innovation incentives for the global north and global south
Authors: Schultz Felix Carl , Czyrnik Vincent , Pies Ingo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The world society is in urgent need for new ecological problem solutions on a global scale. However, the current system to incentivize invention and innovation for green technologies is only limitedly able to provide effective solutions—particularly in the “global south”. Since patents that exert distortionary effects remain the dominant mechanisms for incentivizing innovation, the debate about alternative incentivization instruments for fostering green invention and innovation has recently been renewed. Yet, some of these instruments run the danger of a so-called “projectitis”, an obsession with static small-scale projects. Instead, this article argues that we need scalable experiments for a better institutional support of systemic invention and innovation activities by improving the global governance regime that moves beyond individual organizations, industries, sectors, states, and geopolitical blocks. From a sustainability nexus perspective, required scalable innovation ecosystems must therefore account for the interconnections between technological, economic, political, social, and environmental issues. A reformed order that combines patents and alternative incentivization instruments may help to redirect resources towards fostering a more systemic, market-based, and consumer-oriented path of legitimate sustainable global development, as proposed by the 2030 Agenda and its sustainable development goals (SDGs), without leaving particular countries behind, while at the same time maintaining companies’ systemic dynamism in the long run.
Typ-A-Aortendissektion: Management in der Notaufnahme nach Ablehnung von Blutprodukten – ein Fallbericht
Authors: Wiedenhofer Karl , Hetjans Lisa-Marie 
Published: November 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Behandlung von Patienten mit Typ-A-Aortendissektion in der Notaufnahme stellt eine komplexe, zeitkritische Herausforderung dar. In der vorliegenden Kasuistik wird ein durch ethische Aspekte besonders herausfordernder Fall beschrieben, in dem ein Patient aus religiösen Gründen Blutprodukte ablehnte und bis zur Verlegung aufwendig in der Notaufnahme gemanagt werden musste. Wir diskutieren den ethischen Konflikt, der sich aus dieser Situation ergab, sowie die organisatorischen und kommunikativen Schwierigkeiten bei der Verlegung des Patienten in ein spezialisiertes Zentrum.
Strategies for data supply in high-granularity data trade in smart cities
Authors: Palviainen Marko , Kotovirta Ville 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe smart city infrastructures, such as digital platforms, edge computing, and fast 5G/6G networks, bring new possibilities to use near-real-time sensor data in digital twins, AR applications, and Machine-to-Machine applications. In addition, AI offers new capabilities for data analytics, data adaptation, event/anomaly detection, and prediction. However, novel data supply and use strategies are needed when going toward higher-granularity data trade, in which a high volume of short-term data products is traded automatically in dynamic environments. This paper presents offering-driven data supply (ODS), demand-driven data supply (DDS), event and offering-driven data supply (EODS), and event and demand-driven data supply (EDDS) strategies for high-granularity data trade. Computer simulation was used as a method to evaluate the use of these strategies in supply of air quality data for four user groups with different requirements for the data quality, freshness, and price. The simulation results were stored as CSV files and analyzed and visualized in Excel. The simulation results and SWOT-analysis of the suggested strategies show that the choice between the strategies is case-specific. DDS increased efficiency in data supply in the simulated scenarios. There was higher profit and revenues and lower costs in DDS than in ODS. However, there are use cases that require the use of ODS, as DDS does not offer ready prepared data for instant use of data. EDDS increased efficiency in data supply in the simulated scenarios. The costs were lower in EODS, but EDDS produced clearly higher revenues and profits.