bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fiber Reinforced Cartilage ECM Functionalized Bioinks for Functional Cartilage Tissue Engineering
Authors: Rathan Swetha , Dejob Léa , Schipani Rossana , Haffner Benjamin , Möbius Matthias E. , Kelly Daniel J. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractFocal articular cartilage (AC) defects, if left untreated, can lead to debilitating diseases such as osteoarthritis. While several tissue engineering strategies have been developed to promote cartilage regeneration, it is still challenging to generate functional AC capable of sustaining high load‐bearing environments. Here, a new class of cartilage extracellular matrix (cECM)‐functionalized alginate bioink is developed for the bioprinting of cartilaginous tissues. The bioinks are 3D‐printable, support mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) viability postprinting and robust chondrogenesis in vitro, with the highest levels of COLLII and ACAN expression observed in bioinks containing the highest concentration of cECM. Enhanced chondrogenesis in cECM‐functionalized bioinks is also associated with progression along an endochondral‐like pathway, as evident by increases in RUNX2 expression and calcium deposition in vitro. The bioinks loaded with MSCs and TGF‐β3 are also found capable of supporting robust chondrogenesis, opening the possibility of using such bioinks for direct “print‐and‐implant” cartilage repair strategies. Finally, it is demonstrated that networks of 3D‐printed polycaprolactone fibers with compressive modulus comparable to native AC can be used to mechanically reinforce these bioinks, with no loss in cell viability. It is envisioned that combinations of such biomaterials can be used in multiple‐tool biofabrication strategies for the bioprinting of biomimetic cartilaginous implants.
Ion Electron–Coupled Functionality in Materials and Devices Based on Conjugated Polymers
Authors: Berggren Magnus , Crispin Xavier , Fabiano Simone , Jonsson Magnus P. , Simon Daniel T. , Stavrinidou Eleni , Tybrandt Klas , Zozoulenko Igor 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe coupling between charge accumulation in a conjugated polymer and the ionic charge compensation, provided from an electrolyte, defines the mode of operation in a vast array of different organic electrochemical devices. The most explored mixed organic ion–electron conductor, serving as the active electrode in these devices, is poly(3,4‐ethyelenedioxythiophene) doped with polystyrelensulfonate (PEDOT:PSS). In this progress report, scientists of the Laboratory of Organic Electronics at Linköping University review some of the achievements derived over the last two decades in the field of organic electrochemical devices, in particular including PEDOT:PSS as the active material. The recently established understanding of the volumetric capacitance and the mixed ion–electron charge transport properties of PEDOT are described along with examples of various devices and phenomena utilizing this ion–electron coupling, such as the organic electrochemical transistor, ionic–electronic thermodiffusion, electrochromic devices, surface switches, and more. One of the pioneers in this exciting research field is Prof. Olle Inganäs and the authors of this progress report wish to celebrate and acknowledge all the fantastic achievements and inspiration accomplished by Prof. Inganäs all since 1981.
The Design of Fused Amine/Carbonyl System for Efficient Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence: Novel Multiple Resonance Core and Electron Acceptor
Authors: Yuan Yi , Tang Xun , Du Xiao‐Yang , Hu Yun , Yu You‐Jun , Jiang Zuo‐Quan , Liao Liang‐Sheng , Lee Shuit‐Tong 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMultiple resonances induced thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR‐TADF) has great advantages in high color purity display. Up to now, current MR‐TADF emitters are only based on the boron‐nitrogen‐containing fragment. Reported herein is a novel class of MR‐TADF emitter, quinolino[3,2,1‐de]acridine‐5,9‐dione (QAO), realized by the opposite resonance effect of the carbonyl and the nitrogen atoms, which is also the smallest TADF emitter reported so far. The QAO‐based pure blue organic light‐emitting diode achieves a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQEmax) of 19.4% with a small full width at half maximum of 39 nm. Moreover, tert‐butyl modified QAO can be employed as an efficient electron acceptor to construct an efficient yellow‐green evaporation and solution process feasible TADF emitter, 7‐(tert‐butyl)‐3,11‐bis(9,9‐dimethylacridin‐10(9H)‐yl)quinolino[3,2,1‐de]acridine‐5,9‐dione (QAO‐DAd), with significantly improved performance as compared to the previous flexible diketone‐based emitters.
Alkynyl−B(dan)s in Various Palladium‐Catalyzed Carbon−Carbon Bond‐Forming Reactions Leading to Internal Alkynes, 1,4‐Enynes, Ynones, and Multiply Substituted Alkenes
Authors: Tani Tomohiro , Sawatsugawa Yuuki , Sano Yusuke , Hirataka Yo , Takahashi Naomi , Hashimoto Sadahiro , Sugiura Tetsuya , Tsuchimoto Teruhisa 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIt was found that the C(sp)−B(dan) bond of alkynyl−B(dan)s can be directly used for palladium‐catalyzed carbon−carbon bond‐forming reactions with aryl(alkenyl) halides and allylic carbonates as electrophiles, thus delivering unsymmetrical internal alkynes and unconjugated 1,4‐enynes, respectively. With acyl chlorides as electrophiles, ynone synthesis is also promoted by a palladium catalyst with the assistance of a copper co‐catalyst. These reactions can be achieved as more convenient one‐pot reactions, without isolating the alkynyl−B(dan) formed in situ by the zinc‐catalyzed dehydrogenative borylation of alkynes with HB(dan). In addition to direct C(sp)−B(dan) bond transformations, the C≡C bond in an alkynyl−B(dan) proved to be a promising scaffold for the construction of a multisubstituted alkene, which is synthesized by diboration of the C≡C−B(dan) moiety, leading to a triborylalkene followed by iterative regio‐ and stereoselective Suzuki−Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions. As one example, the synthesis of the ethene with four different aryl groups, p‐MeC6H4, p‐MeOC6H4, p‐NCC6H4, and p‐F3CC6H4, was attained in high overall yield of 64% in six steps starting from the terminal alkyne, p‐MeC6H4C≡CH. Besides these synthetic applications of the alkynyl−B(dan), the scope of the alkynyl substrate in the zinc‐catalyzed dehydrogenative borylation was expanded to enhance the reliability as a provider of the alkynyl−B(dan). Consequently, 42 alkynes were found to participate in the dehydrogenative borylation as substrates; these are alkyl‐, alkenyl‐, aryl‐, heteroaryl‐, ferrocenyl‐, silyl‐, and borylalkynes, with or without a variety of functional groups. Lastly, a new method for preparing HB(dan), as a sulfide‐free, cost‐saving, and reaction‐time‐saving route, is disclosed.magnified image
Strain‐Engineered Ultrahigh Mobility in Phosphorene for Terahertz Transistors
Authors: Fang Ruhao , Cui Xiangyuan , Khan Mansoor A. , Stampfl Catherine , Ringer Simon P. , Zheng Rongkun 
Published: January 2019

AbstractCarrier mobility is a key parameter for the operation of electronic devices as it determines the ON state current and switching speed/frequency response of transistors. 2D phosphorene is considered as a potential candidate for field‐effect transistors due to its high mobility. Here it is proposed to further enhance the carrier mobility of phosphorene and device performance via strain engineering. A systematic ab initio investigation on the anisotropic electronic structure of few‐layer phosphorene reveals that the monolayer under 7.5–10% strain along zigzag direction shows an exceptional carrier mobility of ≈106 cm2 V−1 s−1, which is 10 times higher than the strain‐free case. The simulated device performance shows that strain‐engineered phosphorene–based field‐effect transistors demonstrate a cut‐off frequency of ≈1.14 THz with a gate length of 1.0 micron and 112 THz with a sub‐10 nm gate length.
Controllable Chain‐Length for Covalent Sulfur–Carbon Materials Enabling Stable and High‐Capacity Sodium Storage
Authors: Wu Tianjing , Jing Mingjun , Yang Li , Zou Guoqiang , Hou Hongshuai , Zhang Yang , Zhang Yu , Cao Xiaoyu , Ji Xiaobo 
Published: January 2019

AbstractRoom temperature sodium–sulfur batteries have emerged as promising candidate for application in energy storage. However, the electrodes are usually obtained through infusing elemental sulfur into various carbon sources, and the precipitation of insoluble and irreversible sulfide species on the surface of carbon and sodium readily leads to continuous capacity degradation. Here, a novel strategy is demonstrated to prepare a covalent sulfur–carbon complex (SC‐BDSA) with high covalent‐sulfur concentration (40.1%) that relies on SO3H (Benzenedisulfonic acid, BDSA) and SO42− as the sulfur source rather than elemental sulfur. Most of the sulfur is exists in the form of OS/CS bridge‐bonds (short/long‐chain) whose features ensure sufficient interfacial contact and maintain high ionic/electronic conductivities of the sulfur–carbon cathode. Meanwhile, the carbon mesopores resulting from the thermal‐treated salt bath can confine a certain amount of sulfur and localize the diffluent polysulfides. Furthermore, the CSxC bridges can be electrochemically broken at lower potential (<0.6 V vs Na/Na+) and then function as a capacity sponsor. And the R‐SO units can anchor the initially generated Sx2− to form insoluble surface‐bound intermediates. Thus SC‐BDSA exhibits a specific capacity of 696 mAh g−1 at 2500 mA g−1 and excellent cycling stability for 1000 cycles with 0.035% capacity decay per cycle.
No evidence that seed predators constrain pollinator‐mediated trait evolution in a tropical vine
Authors: Opedal Øystein H. , Albertsen Elena , Pérez‐Barrales Rocío , Armbruster W. Scott , Pélabon Christophe 
Published: January 2019

Premise of the StudyTurnover in biotic communities across heterogeneous landscapes is expected to lead to variation in interactions among plants, their mutualists, and their antagonists. Across a fragmented landscape in northern Costa Rica, populations of the euphorb vine Dalechampia scandens vary widely in mating systems and associated blossom traits. Previous work suggested that populations are well adapted to the local reliability of pollination by apid and megachilid bees. We tested whether variation in the intensity of predispersal seed predation by seed weevils in the genus Nanobaris also contributes to the observed variation in blossom traits.MethodsWe studied spatiotemporal variation in the relationships between floral advertisement and the probability of seed predation within three focal populations. Then we assessed among‐population covariation of predation rate, pollination reliability, mating system, and blossom traits across 20 populations.Key ResultsThe probability of seed predation was largely unrelated to variation in floral advertisement both within focal populations and among the larger sample of populations. The rate of seed predation was only weakly associated with the rate of cross‐pollination (allogamy) in each population but tended to be proportionally greater in populations experiencing less reliable pollination.ConclusionsThese results suggest that geographic variation in the intensity of antagonistic interactions have had only minor modifying effects on the evolutionary trajectories of floral advertisement in plant populations in this system. Thus, pollinator‐driven floral trait evolution in D. scandens in the study area appears not to be influenced by conflicting seed‐predator‐mediated selection.
Nanocontainer in der Analytik
Authors: Hofmann Carola , Duerkop Axel , Baeumner Antje J. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractNanocontainer, wie mesoporöse Siliciumoxidpartikel und Polymersomen, sind vielseitige Strukturen, die Löcher oder Poren enthalten, die für den Einschluss von niedermolekularen Verbindungen und für die Einführung spezifischer Funktionalitäten verwendet werden. Sie finden weitreichende Anwendungen in Wirkstofftransportsystemen, in der Biomedizin, in Bioreaktoren und in der Analytik. Im letzten Fall fungieren die Nanocontainer normalerweise als Signalverstärker. Dafür werden sie so synthetisiert, dass sie Signalmoleküle einschließen und funktionelle Gruppen an ihrer Oberfläche tragen. Diese ermöglichen wiederum die spezifische Erkennung von Analyten und kontrollieren die Durchlässigkeit der Nanocontainerporen. Dieser Aufsatz gibt einen Überblick über die wichtigsten Nanocontainermaterialien und diskutiert deren Herstellung, die Oberflächenchemie und ‐modifizierungen sowie Strategien für den Einschluss von Molekülen. Außerdem werden die Vorteile, Herausforderungen und Grenzen in Bezug auf andere gängige Signalverstärkungsstrategien für verschiedene Assayformate und Detektionsmethoden in (bio)analytischen Anwendungen kritisch betrachtet.
Ultraschnelle Synthese multivalenter radikalischer Nanopartikel durch ringöffnende Metathesepolymerisations‐induzierte Selbstorganisation
Authors: Le Dao , Dilger Marco , Pertici Vincent , Diabaté Silvia , Gigmes Didier , Weiss Carsten , Delaittre Guillaume 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWir berichten über die einfache, zeiteffiziente Synthese radikalischer Kern‐Schale‐Nanopartikel (NPs) durch polymerisationsinduzierte Selbstorganisation. Eine Nitroxid‐haltige, hydrophile, makromolekulare Vorstufe wurde durch ringöffnende Metathesecopolymerisation von TEMPO‐ und Oligoethylenglycol‐Norbornenylderivaten hergestellt und in situ mit Norbornen in Ethanollösung kettenverlängert, was gleichzeitig zur Bildung von amphiphilem Blockcopolymer und Selbstorganisation führte. Ohne Zwischenreinigung von den Monomeren zu den Blockcopolymeren wurden innerhalb von Minuten bei Raumtemperatur Radikal‐NPs mit einstellbaren Durchmessern von 10 bis 110 nm erhalten. Die hohe Aktivität der radikalischen Nanopartikel als chemoselektive und homogene, jedoch leicht wiederverwertbare Katalysatoren wurde durch Oxidation verschiedener Alkohole und Rückgewinnung durch einfaches Zentrifugieren demonstriert. Darüber hinaus wurden die Biokompatibilität und antioxidative Aktivität der NPs in vitro nachgewiesen.
Bor‐Lewis‐Säure‐katalysierte Transferhydrocyanierung α‐ und α,β‐substituierter Styrole
Authors: Orecchia Patrizio , Yuan Weiming , Oestreich Martin 
Published: January 2019

AbstractEin praktikables Verfahren zur Synthese von Blausäuresurrogaten auf Basis von Cyclohexa‐1,4‐dienen wurde entwickelt. Diese sind lagerbeständig, setzen aber formal HCN frei und werden rearomatisiert, wenn sie mit einer Lewis‐Säure zur Reaktion gebracht werden. Die Bildung des Isocyanidaddukts [(CN)BCl3]− und des dazugehörigen Wheland‐Komplexes wurde für BCl3 massenspektrometrisch bestätigt. In Gegenwart von 1,1‐di‐ und trisubstituierten Alkenen findet die Übertragung von HCN vom Surrogat auf die C‐C‐Doppelbindung statt, wodurch hoch substituierte Nitrile mit Markownikow‐Selektivität gebildet werden. Der Erfolg dieser Transferhydrocyanierung hängt von der verwendeten Lewis‐Säure ab; katalytische Mengen an BCl3 und (C6F5)2BCl erweisen sich als wirkungsvoll, B(C6F5)3 und BF3⋅OEt2 hingegen nicht.
Drug Design Inspired by Nature: Crystallographic Detection of an Auto‐Tailored Protease Inhibitor Template
Authors: Gall Flavio M. , Hohl Deborah , Frasson David , Wermelinger Tobias , Mittl Peer R. E. , Sievers Martin , Riedl Rainer 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDe novo drug discovery is still a challenge in the search for potent and selective modulators of therapeutically relevant target proteins. Here, we disclose the unexpected discovery of a peptidic ligand 1 by X‐ray crystallography, which was auto‐tailored by the therapeutic target MMP‐13 through partial self‐degradation and subsequent structure‐based optimization to a highly potent and selective β‐sheet peptidomimetic inhibitor derived from the endogenous tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). The incorporation of non‐proteinogenic amino acids in combination with a cyclization strategy proved to be key for the de novo design of TIMP peptidomimetics. The optimized cyclic peptide 4 (ZHAWOC7726) is membrane permeable with an IC50 of 21 nm for MMP‐13 and an attractive selectivity profile with respect to a polypharmacology approach including the anticancer targets MMP‐2 (IC50: 170 nm) and MMP‐9 (IC50: 140 nm).
Interplay between H‐Bonding and Preorganization in the Evolution of Self‐Assembled Systems
Authors: Philips Divya S. , Kartha Kalathil K. , Politi Antiope T. , Krüger Timo , Albuquerque Rodrigo Q. , Fernández Gustavo 
Published: January 2019

AbstractCooperative π–π interactions and H‐bonding are frequently exploited in supramolecular polymerization; however, close scrutiny of their mutual interplay has been largely unexplored. Herein, we compare the self‐assembly behavior of a series of C2‐ and C3‐symmetrical oligophenyleneethynylenes differing in their amide topology (N‐ or C‐centered). This subtle structural modification brings about drastic changes in their photophysical and supramolecular properties, highlighting the reciprocal impact of H‐bonding vs. preorganization on the evolution and final outcome of supramolecular systems.
Low‐dielectric‐constant aromatic homopolyimide and copolyimide derived from pyromellitic dianhydride, 4,4′‐oxydianiline, 2,2‐bis[4‐(4‐aminephenoxy)phenyl]propane, 1,4‐bis(4‐aminophenoxy)benzene, or 1,3‐bis(4‐aminophenoxy)benzene
Authors: Qiu Guorong , Ma Wenshi , Jiao Yuanqi , Wu Li 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTLow‐dielectric‐constant aromatics, homopolyimide and copolyimide, were introduced. Homopolyimides were prepared by pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) as an anhydride monomer and 4,4′‐oxydianiline (ODA), 2,2‐bis[4‐(4‐aminephenoxy)phenyl]propane, 1,4‐bis(4‐aminophenoxy)benzene, or 1,3‐bis(4‐aminophenoxy)benzene as an amine monomer. The copolyimides were prepared with PMDA as an anhydride monomer, ODA as an amine monomer with the addition of 2,2‐bis[4‐(4‐aminephenoxy)phenyl]propane, 1,4‐bis(4‐aminophenoxy)benzene, or 1,3‐bis(4‐aminophenoxy)benzene as another amine monomer. The polyimides were well characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, thermomechanical analysis, dielectric measurements, and tensile testing. The homopolyimide and copolyimides showed lower dielectric constants than the homopolyimide formed by ODA and PMDA. The results also indicate that the interchain distance, the quantities of phenyl ether, and the position of the substitute are factors that not only affected the thermal performance of polyimide by improving the molecular flexibility but also reduced the dielectric constant of polyimide by increasing the free volume of the molecular chain and decreasing the polarization points per unit volume. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2019,136, 47405.
Preparation and characterization of wood‐fiber‐reinforced polyamide 6–polypropylene blend composites
Authors: Xu Shihua , Fang Yiqun , Yi Shunmin , Zhai Xianglin , He Ju , Song Yongming , Wang Qingwen 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTIn this study, we used lithium chloride (LiCl) as a modifier to decrease the melting temperature (T
m) of polyamide 6 (PA6), and then, we fabricated wood‐fiber‐reinforced PA6–polypropylene (PP) blend composites via hot pressing. From crystallization analysis, the composites exhibited a lower T
m and a lower processing temperature compared to PA6. Color and Fourier transform infrared analyses showed that severe thermal degradation and discoloration of the composites could be prevented by the incorporation of LiCl. LiCl had positive effects on the mechanical properties of the final product and the interfacial compatibility among PA6, PP, and wood fiber. The flexural strength increased by 8.5%. In addition, both maleic anhydride grafted PP and wood fiber improved the mechanical properties. The flexural strengths increased by 7.9 and 40%, respectively. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47413.
Green and feasible fabrication of loose nanofiltration membrane with high efficiency for fractionation of dye/NaCl mixture by taking advantage of membrane fouling
Authors: Shen Lingdi , Li Peiyun , Zhang Tonghui 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTLoose nanofiltration membrane emerges as required recently, since it is hard for conventional nanofiltration membrane to fractionate mixture of dyes and salts in textile wastewater treatment. However, the polymeric membranes unavoidably suffer from membrane fouling, which was caused by the adsorption of organic pollutants (like dyes). Normally, the dye fouling layer will shrink membrane pore size, thus resulting in flux decline and rejection increase. It is thought that membrane fouling may be a double‐edged sword and can be an advantage if properly utilized. Thereby, loose nanofiltration membranes were constructed here by a green yet effective method to fractionate dyes/salt mixture by taking advantage of membrane fouling without using poisonous ingredients. A commercially available polyacrylonitrile (PAN) ultrafiltration membrane with high permeability was chosen as the substrate, and dyes were used to contaminate PAN substrate and formed a stable barrier layer when adsorption of dyes reached dynamic equilibrium. The resultant PAN‐direct red 80 (DR80) composite membranes displayed superior permeability (~128.4 L m−2 h−1) and high rejection (~99.9%) to DR80 solutions at 0.4 MPa. Moreover, PAN‐DR80 membranes allowed fast fractionation of dyes/sodium chloride (NaCl) mixture, which maintained a negligible dye loss and a low NaCl rejection (~12.4%) with high flux of 113.6 L m−2 h−1 at 0.4 MPa. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47438.
Amine‐containing olefin copolymer with CO2‐switchable oil absorption and desorption
Authors: Guo Shanshan , Lv Yangbufan , Chen Yangwei , Cai Shaojun 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTGlobal decrease in crude oil resources and frequent crude oil leaks cause the energy crisis and ecological pollution. The absorption and release of leaked crude oil through absorption materials are a necessary process for environmental protection and recycling. In this article, a CO2‐responsive olefin copolymer was obtained by copolymerization of styrene and an amine‐containing olefin monomer. The structure of resultant copolymer was characterized by FTIR; thermal properties and CO2‐responsive morphology changes were determined by DSC/TGA and SEM, respectively. Copolymers had certain absorption capacity for toluene with absorption rate up to 180.0%. The absorbed toluene could be released upon CO2 stimulation with desorption rate up to 84.6%. The CO2‐responsive copolymer could be regenerated through a simple heating process and showed stable absorption–desorption performance even after being recycled for 4 times. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47439.