bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor a Inhibition Remodels the Transcriptional Signature of Lipid Metabolism in Psoriasis Non-Lesional Skin in 12 H Ex Vivo Culture
Authors: Luengas-Martinez Andrea , Ismail Dina , Paus Ralf , Young Helen S. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A)-mediated angiogenesis is involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. VEGF-A inhibitors are widely used to treat oncological and ophthalmological diseases but have not been used in psoriasis management. The molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of VEGF-A inhibition in psoriatic skin remain unknown.

Objectives
To identify the genes and canonical pathways affected by VEGF-A inhibition in non-lesional and plaque skin ex vivo.

Methods
Total RNA sequencing was performed on skin biopsies from patients with psoriasis (n = 6; plaque and non-lesional skin) and healthy controls (n = 6) incubated with anti-VEGF-A monoclonal antibody (bevacizumab, Avastin®) or human IgG1 isotype control for 12 h in serum-free organ culture. Differentially expressed genes between paired control and treated samples with adjusted p-values &lt;0.1 were considered significant. Gene ontology and ingenuity pathway analysis was used to identify enriched biological processes, canonical pathways and upstream regulators.

Results
VEGF-A inhibition upregulated the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism. Pathway enrichment analysis identified the activation of pathways involved in fatty acids and lipid biosynthesis and degradation in non-lesional skin and ferroptosis in plaque skin. VEGF-A inhibition downregulated endothelial cell apoptosis in non-lesional psoriasis skin and members of the interferon family were identified as potential regulators of the effects of VEGF-A inhibition in non-lesional skin.

Conclusion
Early response to VEGF-A inhibition is associated with changes in lipid metabolism in non-lesional psoriasis skin and cellular stress in psoriasis plaque. More investigation is needed to validate these findings.
Rapid Thermal‐Driven Crystal Growth and Defect Suppression in Antimony Selenide Thin Film for Efficient Solar Cells
Authors: Luo Yandi , Ma Hongli , Ahmad Nafees , Shah Usman Ali , Zheng Zhuanghao , Chen Shuo , Su Zhenghua , Zhao Jun , Zhang Xianghua , Liang Guangxing 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAntimony selenide (Sb2Se3) has demonstrated considerable potential and advancement as a light‐absorbing material for thin‐film solar cells owing to its exceptional optoelectronic characteristics. However, challenges persist in the crystal growth, particularly regarding the nucleation mechanism during pre‐selenization process for Sb2Se3. The defects originating from this process significantly impact the quality of the absorber layer, leading to the degradation in the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the device. Herein, the evolution of pre‐selenization using rapid thermal processing (RTP) on the crystallization quality of Sb2Se3 film is systematically investigated. By optimizing the initial nucleation process during pre‐selenization, resulting in a reduction of grain boundaries and nucleation centers, the Sb2Se3 thin films demonstrate enhanced crystallinity and pinholes‐free morphology. It is found that the improved quality of the grain interior and interfaces of the Sb2Se3 absorber can mitigate intrinsic defects within the bulk layer, and passivate interfacial defect recombination. As a result, the short circuit current density (JSC) is elevated to 28.97 mA cm−2, and a competitive efficiency of 9.03% is achieved in Sb2Se3 device. This study provides comprehensive insight into the process of crystal growth and the mechanism for defect suppression, which holds guiding significance for advancing photovoltaic performance.
Strong Metal‐Support Interactions in Heterogeneous Oxygen Electrocatalysis
Authors: Hou Zhiqian , Cui Chenghao , Yang Yanan , Huang Zhikun , Zhuang Yu , Zeng Ye , Gong Xi , Zhang Tao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMolecular oxygen redox electrocatalysis involves oxygen reduction and evolution as core reactions in various energy conversion and environmental technology fields. Strong metal‐support interactions (SMSIs) based nanomaterials are regarded as desirable and state‐of‐the‐art heterogeneous electrocatalysts due to their exceptional physicochemical properties. Over the past decades, considerable advancements in theory and experiment have been achieved in related studies, especially in modulating the electronic structure and geometrical configuration of SMSIs to enable activity, selectivity, and stability. In this focuses on the concept of SMSI, explore their various manifestations and mechanisms of action, and summarizes recent advances in SMSIs for efficient energy conversion in oxygen redox electrocatalysis applications. Additionally, the correlation between the physicochemical properties of different metals and supports is systematically elucidated, and the potential mechanisms of the structure–activity relationships between SMSIs and catalytic performance are outlined through theoretical models. Finally, the obstacles confronting this burgeoning field are comprehensively concluded, targeted recommendations and coping strategies are proposed, and future research perspectives are outlined.
Effect of Nanostructure and Crosslinks on Impact Resistance of Carbon Nanotube Films Under Micro‐Ballistic Impact
Authors: Du Zechen , Xiao Kailu , Bai Yunxiang , Huang Chenguang , Wu Xianqian 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCarbon nanotube (CNT) films show great promise as an advanced bulletproof materials due to their excellent energy dissipation ability under impact loadings. However, it is challenging to determine the optimized architecture structure of CNTs to enhance the impact resistance of CNT films. In this study, the impact behavior of CNT films with various architecture structures were studied by micro‐ballistic impact experiments and coarse‐grained molecular dynamics (CGMD) simulations. The micro‐ballistic impact experimental results showed that the cross‐ply laminated (CPL) structure enhances significantly the specific energy absorption (SEA) of CNT films compared to that with disordered structure due to the synergistic interactions between covalent bonds in CNT chains. On this basis, four CPL‐CNT (CCNT) films with the same areal density (ρ2D) but different single‐layer areal density () and one disordered CNT (DCNT) film with the same ρ2D as the CCNT films were constructed in CGMD models. The simulation results showed that the SEAs of all the four CCNT films are higher than DCNT film, which is consistent with experiments. In addition, the SEAs of CCNT films increase with decreasing . However, too small can lead to local plugging failure of the CNT film and therefore decrease SEA of the CNT film. Moreover, adding crosslinks could further increase the SEAs of both the DCNT and the CCNT films due to the strengthened interactions of adjacent CNTs. The crosslinked CCNT films with appropriate ρ2D is still much higher than the crosslinked DCNT films. Furthermore, it was further found that when the strength of the crosslinks aligns with that of the CNT beads, the CNT film achieves preeminent impact resistance. This study provides a pathway for enhancing the impact resistance of CNT films by optimizing the microstructure and introducing crosslinks between CNTs.
d‐Band Center Engineering of Nickel Nanoparticles Accelerates Water Dissociation for Hydrogen Evolution in Neutral NaCl Solution
Authors: Gong Haiming , Zhang Dianzhi , Liu Tao , Kuang Panyong , Yu Jiaguo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWhile Pt is highly efficient for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), its widespread use is limited by scarcity and high cost. Herein, a vertically aligned electrocatalyst is present comprising Ni3S2 nanotube arrays (NTAs) and Ni nanoparticles (NPs) (Ni3S2/Ni NTAs) for neutral HER. In a neutral 4 wt.% NaCl solution (pH = 7), the Ni3S2/Ni NTAs achieves a current density of 100 mA cm−2 at a low overpotential of 540 mV, outperforming both Ni3S2 NTAs and Ni NTAs and even the commercial Pt plate. The hollow tubular structure offers ample mass transfer channels, and strong electronic interaction between Ni3S2 and Ni is observed. Theoretical studies reveal that the lowered d‐band center (ɛd) of Ni 3d orbital significantly reduces the activation energy for H2O dissociation and facilitates the movement of an H atom in H2O away from OH to form a transition state, consequently promoting H2 evolution. When Ni3S2/Ni NTAs is used as the cathode in a two‐electrode diaphragm‐free electrolyzer with a RuSnTi anode, efficient H2 production and energy‐saving Cl2 evolution are achieved. This work highlights the potential of uniquely structured electrocatalysts for HER in neutral NaCl solutions.
Paintable, Fast Gelation, Highly Adhesive Hydrogels for High‐fidelity Electrophysiological Monitoring Wirelessly
Authors: Li Leqi , Ye Xinyuan , Ji Zichong , Zheng Meiqiong , Lin Shihong , Wang Mingzhe , Yang Jiawei , Zhou Pengcheng , Zhang Zongman , Wang Binghao , Wang Haoyang , Wang Yan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHigh‐fidelity wireless electrophysiological monitoring is essential for ambulatory healthcare applications. Soft solid‐like hydrogels have received significant attention as epidermal electrodes because of their tissue‐like mechanical properties and high biocompatibility. However, it is challenging to develop a hydrogel electrode that provides robust contact and high adhesiveness with glabrous skin and hairy scalp for high‐fidelity, continuous electrophysiological signal detection. Here, a paintable, fast gelation, highly adhesive, and conductive hydrogel is engineered for high‐fidelity wireless electrophysiological monitoring. The hydrogel, consisting of gelatin, gallic acid, sodium citrate, lithium chloride, glycerol, and Tris‐HCl buffer solution exhibits a reversible thermal phase transition capability, which endows it with the attributes of on‐skin applicability and fast in situ gelation with 15 s, thereby addressing the aforementioned limitations. The introduction of gallic acid enhances the adhesive properties of the hydrogel, facilitating secure electrode attachment to the skin or hairy scalp. To accentuate the potential applications in at‐home electrophysiological health monitoring, the hydrogel electrodes are demonstrated for high‐fidelity electrocardiogram recording for one hour during various daily activities, as well as in simultaneous electroencephalogram and electrocardiogram recording during a 30 min nap.
Bimolecular Passivation‐Dipole Bridge for Highly Efficient Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells with Low Nonradiative Recombination Loss
Authors: Sun Chao , Xiong Shaobing , Jiang Sheng , Wu Hongbo , Chen Jiyuan , Li Di , Ma Zaifei , Wang Xuelu , Yao Yefeng , Chu Junhao , Bao Qinye 
Published: October 2024

AbstractConstructing charge‐selective heterointerface with minimized defect state and matched energy level alignment is essential to reduce nonradiative recombination for achieving high‐performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, a bimolecular passivation‐dipole bridge comprised of sodium phenylmethanesulfonate (SPM) and 2‐phenylethylammonium iodide (PEAI) is carefully developed to regulate perovskite heterointerface. SPM passivates defect states and upshifts Fermi level (EF) of perovskite surface, and subsequent PEAI further induces additional negative dipole and causes the surface EF of perovskite pinning to negative polaron transport state of electron transport layer PCBM, which significantly promotes electron extraction at the perovskite electron‐selective contact. These advantages are confirmed by a remarkably improved efficiency from 21.74% for control to 25.12% for treated PSC with excellent stability. Moreover, corresponding nonradiative recombination loss impressively diminishes from 123 to 70 meV, and charge transport‐induced fill factor loss is only 3.00%. This work provides a promising approach via passivation‐energetic synergy for engineering perovskite heterointerface toward highly efficient and stable PSCs.
Normalizing Basis Functions: Approximate Stationary Models for Large Spatial Data
Authors: Sikorski Antony , McKenzie Daniel , Nychka Douglas 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIn geostatistics, traditional spatial models often rely on the Gaussian process (GP) to fit stationary covariances to data. It is well known that this approach becomes computationally infeasible when dealing with large data volumes, necessitating the use of approximate methods. A powerful class of methods approximate the GP as a sum of basis functions with random coefficients. Although this technique offers computational efficiency, it does not inherently guarantee a stationary covariance. To mitigate this issue, the basis functions can be ‘normalized’ to maintain a constant marginal variance, avoiding unwanted artefacts and edge effects. This allows for the fitting of nearly stationary models to large, potentially non‐stationary datasets, providing a rigorous base to extend to more complex problems. Unfortunately, the process of normalizing these basis functions is computationally demanding. To address this, we introduce two fast and accurate algorithms to the normalization step, allowing for efficient prediction on fine grids. The practical value of these algorithms is showcased in the context of a spatial analysis on a large dataset, where significant computational speedups are achieved. While implementation and testing are done specifically within the LatticeKrig framework, these algorithms can be adapted to other basis function methods operating on regular grids.
Simulation and Deformation Analysis of Construction Process of Large Eccentric Frame‐Core Tube Structure
Authors: Yin Guanghua , Zhang Dekai , Ma Xinxu , Wang Kang , Wang Xuyi , Lin Xiaohua 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe large eccentric frame‐core tube structure may generate nonnegligible horizontal deformation in the eccentric direction during the construction process, which should be given due attention. The construction process of a 388‐m‐high super high‐rise structure was simulated with the effects of concrete properties and construction processes. The reinforcement effect of steel bar in reinforced concrete shear wall and the hoop effect of steel tube in concrete filled steel tube (CFST) columns were considered by using the two‐cell simulation method, respectively. The accuracy of the finite element model was effectively verified based on the measured data under different construction process. The results show that the construction process has a large influence on both the vertical and horizontal deformation. The measures of construction leveling effectively reduce the vertical and horizontal deformation of super high‐rise structures, which is important for controlling the structural deformation. The proportion of creep‐shrinkage deformation in the total deformation is large. In this case, the proportion of creep‐shrinkage deformation in the shear wall is 45% to 50%, whereas it is about 30% in the frame columns. The eccentricity caused by floor slab gravity will be mitigated if the construction of the frame slab lags behind the construction of the steel frame, which is beneficial to the control of the horizontal structural deformation. After construction completion, the deformation caused by nonload factors is limited compared to the deformation caused by live loads.
Recent Progress in Non‐Noble Metal Catalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reaction: A Focus on Transition and Rare‐Earth Elements
Authors: Bib Khan Jala , Liang Yuan‐Chang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe demand for renewable energy sources has become more urgent due to climate change and environmental pollution. The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) plays a crucial role in green energy sources. This article primarily explores the potential of using non‐noble metals, such as transition and rare earth metals, to enhance the efficiency of the OER process. Due to their cost‐effectiveness and unique electronic structure, these non‐noble metals could be a game‐changer in the field. ′Doping,′ which is the process of adding a small amount of impurity to a material to alter its properties, and ′synergistic effects,′ which refer to the combined effect of two or more elements that is greater than the sum of their individual effects, are two key concepts in this field. Transition and rare earth metals can reduce the overpotential, a measure of the excess potential required to drive a reaction, thus enhancing the OER process by engineering the electronic and surface molecular structure. This article summarizes the roles of various non‐noble metals in the OER process and highlights opportunities for researchers to propose innovative ways to optimize the OER process.
Stability of Sodium Pentobarbital 5w/v% Aqueous Solution During Short‐Term Chilled and Ambient‐Temperature Storage
Authors: Dohi Masakazu , Ueda Kayoko , Yamagiwa Yoshinori , Yamashita Atsuko , Sakamoto Yuji 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe COVID‐19 pandemic made it difficult to obtain pharmaceutical‐grade injectable anaesthetics used in animal experiments in Japan. To address this problem, it is worth the effort to evaluate whether the use of non‐pharmaceutical‐grade sodium pentobarbital (PBNa) water solution can be an alternative one from the perspective of stability, physicochemical properties, bioavailability and so on. In this article, as a first step, we examined the stability of PBNa 5w/v% aqueous solution (PBNa 5% AS). PBNa 5% AS sample was prepared simply by dissolving non‐pharmaceutical‐grade PBNa into water and was stored at 25°C and 5°C for 15 days. Visual appearance, pH, osmolality and assay (contents of PBNa and related substances) were tested. The stability test results indicated that there was no profound change in these test items of the PBNa 5% AS under either storage condition, suggesting that the formulation was sufficiently stable in such a short term. The only observable change was an increase of an impurity under 25°C storage; however, it was at a negligible level. Moreover, as the pH of the formulation remained <10.0 throughout the storage period in both conditions, the irritant level of the pH is considered to be acceptable. Therefore, from the viewpoint of the stability and physicochemical properties, PBNa 5% AS can be an alternative injectable anaesthetic when access to pharmaceutical‐grade anaesthetics is limited, as long as used in short‐term from its preparation.
Chronic rhinosinusitis with osteomyelitis in a geriatric snow leopard (Panthera uncia)
Authors: Payne Imogen L. , Archer Karen R. , Wood Kim , Rich Andrew F. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA geriatric, 16‐year‐9‐month‐old, male snow leopard (Panthera uncia) under human care was necropsied after euthanasia over concerns for worsening chronic kidney disease and bilateral blindness. Gross and histological examinations revealed necrotising frontal sinusitis and osteomyelitis with mixed‐cellular rhinotracheitis, affecting the right frontal sinus, right nasal cavity and trachea, respectively, with intralesional and cilia‐associated Gram‐negative bacilli detected. Microbiological cultures were inconclusive, although Bordetella bronchiseptica and feline herpesvirus 1 were positive on PCR analysis. Immunohistochemistry, however, refuted active feline herpesvirus 1 involvement. Marked, chronic, bilateral, renal degeneration and fibrosis (chronic kidney disease), mild hepatic cirrhosis, bilateral chronic degenerative stifle joint disease and testicular intratubular seminoma were also detected on postmortem examination. No gross ocular or optic nerve lesions were identified; however, histology indicated bilateral diffuse outer retinal atrophy and retinal detachment, supportive of clinical blindness at time of death. This case represents the first report of chronic rhinosinusitis and osteomyelitis in a snow leopard.
Examining the impact of water scarcity on agricultural output in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region
Authors: Abdou Doaa Salman , Othman Abdelrahman Kamel , Moussa Mona Naguib 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis research paper examines the impact of water scarcity on agricultural output in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region. It highlights the increasing global water scarcity and its consequences, including the prevalence of water‐stressed areas and the adverse effects on human health and economic sectors. The paper focuses on the GCC region, known for its water scarcity and desertification, exacerbated by climate change and pollution. The study aims to investigate the relationship between water stress levels and agricultural productivity, evaluating the effects of freshwater withdrawals, fertilizer consumption, and agricultural methane emissions on crop production. Additionally, it explores the connection between agricultural output and net national income per capita. By addressing these research questions, the study contributes to the understanding of agricultural water scarcity and its implications for global food security and sustainability. The paper utilizes data from the World Bank to analyze crop production in the GCC countries from 2001 to 2020, shedding light on the influence of water scarcity on agricultural landscapes. The research highlights the efforts made by GCC countries to enhance food security, including strategic investments in agricultural lands and bilateral agreements. It also discusses the challenges faced by specific countries within the region, such as Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), and Kuwait, in terms of agricultural production and water constraints. Overall, the paper provides insights into the complexities of agricultural water scarcity and its effects on the GCC region, emphasizing the need for sustainable solutions to ensure food security and economic stability.
Analytical Framework
Authors: Born Marius 
Published: October 2024

AbstractChapter 3 explores the interplay between storytelling and argumentation at contextual, macro, and micro levels. While this analytical framework can be applied to various contexts of strategic persuasion, the book focuses on its use in the startup environment. The comparative analysis begins by examining the transparency of persuasive intent. It contrasts the strengths of narration versus argumentation and the factors influencing each. Emphasis is placed on the role of facts in documentary storytelling and the conditions under which stories gain evidential value. This approach leads to a conceptual sequence outlining upstream and downstream evaluations of story acceptance, serving as a crucial intermediate step towards developing the analytical framework presented in the concluding section.
Case Introduction
Authors: Born Marius 
Published: October 2024

AbstractUsing the Nikola Corporation as a case study, Part II of this book aims to enhance the understanding of how entrepreneurs employ techniques to promote trust through the interplay of arguments and stories. Despite the limited historical track records inherent to startups, entrepreneurs must navigate shaping an uncertain future to their advantage. This introduction outlines the case study, detailing pivotal events of the crucial year 2020 that are essential for subsequent analysis. It then transitions into a series of research questions that will be addressed in the following chapters using the previously developed analytical framework.
The Hindenburg Report as a Turning Point
Authors: Born Marius 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis chapter examines the transformative dynamics of Nikola’s strategic communication during the crisis episode from a perceptual perspective. Utilizing Google Analytics and corpus linguistic methods, it investigates changes in public perception following the short seller attack compared to the period before. By analyzing keywords, keywords in context, and co-occurrence, the study identifies clusters of interrelated topics that penetrated the media filter, demonstrating that the short seller attack was indeed a pivotal moment.