bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Key Quality Factors of Highly Argillaceous and Naturally Fractured Paleozoic Carbonate Deposits with Complex Tectonic Setting South Turgai Basin, Kazakhstan
Authors: Mukanov Adil , Zhang Chenkai , Sagynbayev Almat , Kuvanyshev Amir , Shaikhina Dana , Akashev Yernur 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
With decreasing potential of more common Mesozoic reservoirs, Paleozoic formations within the South Torgai basin are becoming more attractive explorational targets. However, complexity of the internal structure, variation of depositional environments and rock types of these formations makes the process of reservoir characterization extremely difficult for exploration, further well placement and field development planning. Natural fractures complicate the reservoir dynamic behavior even more, resulting in very diverse well performance and high watercut across the field.
In this study, we try to reveal the reservoir nature, distribution and properties by integrating seismic, wellbore and regional geological data. The study is based on the data of Bulak oil field. Operated by PetroKazakhstan Kumkol Resources JSC, this is a unique oil field producing from Carboniferous reservoirs within the Aksay horst of the Aryskum trough. Considering well penetration intervals are limited to pay zones, the complex internal reservoir structure and properties were characterized by integration of methods such as seismic chromatic geology extraction, seismic inversion, volumetric petrophysical modeling, regional stress analysis, 3D static and dynamic modeling (DPDP) and others.
As a result of the study, different conclusions were made regarding the structure, distribution and properties of the main reservoirs, development of different fracture types and resulting dynamic field behavior. Compressional regime in the Late Paleozoic - Early Mesozoic eras and associated structures were identified and mapped; two main trends defining the reservoir architecture were identified: uplift of the whole section towards the North and the tectonic forces that created and overturned fault blocks to the Southwest; general decrease of carbonate content and increase of shaliness from Early to Late Carboniferous were observed; abundance of near-vertical open fractures in the Northern part of the field (as opposed to lower dips and possible mineralization of fractures in the Southern part) was identified and modelled; main hydrocarbon bearing rock types were described and attempts to identify them across the field were made.
Being one of the first fields commercially producing from Paleozoic rocks of the Torgai basin, Bulak revealed a lot of information that is being used for further exploration in the area. Different field feature trends can be extended to neighbor blocks and existing data can be used as analogues, especially based on seismic features where no wells are drilled yet.
Productive Reservoirs Discovery in Basement Rocks Using Geophysical and Geological Data
Authors: Sharipov Zhandos 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Nowadays, more attention is paid to the search for oil and gas deposits of the basement reservoirs. Deep wells are being drilled onshore, offshore and in the deeper parts of the seas, methods for interpreting the well logging data of unconventional reservoirs have been developed. The search for oil and gas reservoirs in the basement rocks continuously provides progress in the processing of exploration data (seismic, gravimetric, magnetic surveys), as well as in interpreting these data, drilling deep wells in high-temperature zones providing a detailed study of the well space, for example, fractures according to the formation microimager.
According to the world statistics, the distribution of the explored reserves of oil and gas in the fields with basement reservoirs is 80% for granitoids, 11% for metamorphic rocks, 6% for igneous rocks and 3% for others. In total, more than 450 basin deposits are known with commercial reserves of oil, gas and condensate in 54 petroleum basins of the world (Gavrilov et.al., 2010). Most of the oil and gas deposits in the basement rocks belongs to the granitoid type of the reservoir such as the oilfields of Vietnam (Bach Ho, Dragon, Ruby, Bavi), oilfields of the Gulf of Suez, USA (Panhandle-Hugoton), Venezuela (La Paz) etc. The only example in Kazakhstan is the Oimasha Field.
In the framework of this article, the author analyzed the formation and methods of detection of granitoid prospects based on the study of world basement oilfields.
Managing Wells with Flow Assurance in the Karachaganak Field for Sustainable Production: Transient Simulation Modelling, a Viable Tool
Authors: Burmantsev Ruslan , Gabdullin Daniyar , Kushkumbayeva Gulmira , Adeleke Justus , Saada Tamer , Burrafato Giovanni , Brancolini Alberto , Sirenova Gulzat 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The flow assurance issues that will be subject of this paper are hydrates and wax. The primary objective and scope of this paper is to present the application of transient multiphase flow simulator as an aid to predicting production system performance associated with solids deposition in tubing and flow line in the Karachaganak field. The secondary objective is to be able to provide proactive solutions using modelling for results to prevent production losses.
Hydrates and wax deposition are key flow assurance challenges encountered in the Karachaganak field. The methodology employed in this study covers building up the complete model in dynamic multiphase flow simulator – Transient Simulation Model®, which includes wells and flow line. Multiflash PVT package's application includes the capability to build the fluid models and calculate hydrate/wax, precipitation curves. The well performance is matched to production liquid flowrate, wellhead temperature and plugging time to understand solids deposition rate and deposition envelope.
The simulation results show that no hydrate deposition occurred in tubing but fluid temperature drops below the hydrate formation temperature some ~ 400m from the wellhead into flow line without the application of thermodynamic inhibition. The differential temperature between hydrate formation temperature and fluid temperature (DTHYD) must be above zero for hydrate to form. The effects of methanol pumping in batch and continuous mode at different ambient temperatures provided information on the frequency and volume of proactive treatment. This paper presents the impact of seasonal weather variation on hydrate deposition.
The simulation results of wax deposition model show that wax deposition occurs inside the flow line as well as inside the tubing. Wax deposition in flow line occurs at an ambient temperature from -25°C to 0°C, while wax deposition in tubing occurs at an ambient temperature of -30° C and below. Proactive intervention by pumping mixture of organic solvent and methanol to remove wax and hydrate plugs, following observation of a drop in the slot/manifold temperature or increase in flow line pressure, has increased uptime in wells by 70%.
The scenario of heater installation with an outlet temperature of 65° C at the wellhead showed significant wax deposition reduction. Transient dynamic multiphase flow simulator is a useful tool in reproducing plugging behaviour observed in a well and flow line. The results of simulation enabled a proactive scheduling of chemical injection treatment. This is the first application of modelling approach used within management of flow assurance issues in the Karachaganak field.
Astrocytic α7 Nicotinic Receptor Activation Inhibits Amyloid-β Aggregation by Upregulating Endogenous αB-crystallin through the PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway
Authors: Ren Zhenkui , Yang Mei , Guan Zhizhong , Yu Wenfeng 
Published: October 2018

Background:
β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s
disease (AD), and astrocytes can significantly inhibit Aβ aggregation. Astrocytic α7 Neuronal
Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor (nAChR) upregulation detected in the AD brains is closely associated
with Aβ deposits. However, the relationships between the astrocytic α7 nAChRs and Aβ aggregation
remain unclear.

Methods:

The Aβ oligomers levels in astrocytic cell lysates and culture medium were measured after
treatment with nicotine or co-treatment with a Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B
(Akt) inhibitor. The level of αB-Crystallin (Cryab) in astrocytes treated with nicotine for different times
or co-treated with α7 nAChR antagonists as well as co-incubated with a PI3K or mitogen-activated protein
kinase kinase 1/2 (MEK1/2) inhibitor was determined by western blotting.

Results:

In this study, nicotine pre-treatment in primary astrocytes markedly inhibited Aβ aggregation
and upregulated endogenous astrocytic Cryab, while the nicotine-mediated neuroprotective effect was
reversed by pre-treatment with a selective α7 nAChR antagonist. Furthermore, this neuroprotection
against Aβ aggregation was suppressed by LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor. Pre-treatment with nicotine significantly
increased the levels of phosphorylated Akt, an effector of PI3K in astrocytes.

Conclusion:

α7 nAChR activation and PI3K/Akt signaling transduction contributed to nicotinemediated
neuroprotection against Aβ aggregation by modulating endogenous astrocytic Cryab.
Current State of Saliva Biomarkers for Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: François Maxime , Bull Caroline F. , Fenech Michael F. , Leifert Wayne R. 
Published: October 2018

Introduction: Aging is the primary risk factor for major human pathologies, including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). AD is a progressive degenerative disorder of the brain and is the most common form of dementia.Methods:To-date no simple, inexpensive and minimally invasive procedure is available to confirm with certainty the early diagnosis of AD prior to the manifestations of symptoms characteristic of the disease. Therefore, if population screening of individuals is to be performed, easily accessible tissues would need to be used for a diagnostic test that would identify those who exhibit altered or aberrant aging profiles that may be indicative of AD risk, so that they can be prioritized for primary prevention. This need for minimally invasive tests could be achieved by targeting saliva, since it is now well recognized that many aging diseases including AD are associated with peripheral biomarkers that are not only restricted to pathology and biomarkers within the brain.Results:Therefore, the aim of this review is to summarize some of the main findings of salivary biomarkers of aging and AD; including various proteins, metabolites, and alterations to DNA and miRNA. The future of healthy aging resides in innovative platforms, biosensors and point-of-care devices that can extract real time information on the health status of an individual. Those platforms may be achieved through the development and validation of novel biomarkers of health using saliva which, although being the least explored for biomedical purposes, has the distinct advantage that it can be self-collected in a non-invasive manner.
Visual Event-Related Potentials in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Literature Review
Authors: Morrison Cassandra , Rabipour Sheida , Taler Vanessa , Sheppard Christine , Knoefel Frank 
Published: October 2018

Background:Cognitive deficits are correlated with increasing age and become more pronounced for people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia caused by Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Conventional methods to diagnose cognitive decline (i.e., neuropsychological testing and clinical judgment) can lead to false positives. Tools such as electroencephalography (EEG) offer more refined, objective measures that index electrophysiological changes associated with healthy aging, MCI, and AD.Objective:We sought to review the EEG literature to determine whether visual event-related potentials (ERPs) can distinguish between healthy aging, MCI, and AD.Method: We searched Medline and PyscInfo for articles published between January 2005 and April 2018. Articles were considered for review if they included participants aged 60+ who were healthy older adults or people with MCI and AD, and examined at least one visually elicited ERP component.Results:Our search revealed 880 records, of which 34 satisfied the inclusion criteria. All studies compared cognitive function between at least two of the three groups (healthy older adults, MCI, and AD). The most consistent findings related to the P100 and the P3b; while the P100 showed no differences between groups, the P3b showed declines in amplitude in MCI and AD.Conclusion:Visually elicited ERPs can offer insight into the cognitive processes that decline in MCI and AD. The P3b may be useful in identifying older adults who may develop MCI and AD, and more research should examine the sensitivity and specificity of this component when diagnosing MCI and AD.
Microbial Translocation and Immune Activation in HIV-1 Infected Pregnant Women
Authors: Mitchell Charles D. , Dominguez Sady , Roach Margaret , George Varghese , Rinaldi Stefano , Fischl Margaret , Potter Jonell , Tyson Brittany , Pahwa Savita 
Published: October 2018

Background:
Immune Activation (IA) has been previously documented in both pregnant
(PG) and non-PG HIV-1 infected (HIV+) women as well as in HIV- uninfected PG women; the latter
as a result of the fetal allograft. To determine whether the combined effects of HIV and pregnancy
result in increased IA and whether IA is associated with Microbial Translocation (MT), we
performed a prospective, longitudinal, controlled study during pregnancy and the postpartum (PP)
period.

Methods:
HIV+ PG women had biomarkers of IA and MT tested at 12-20 weeks (T1), and 24-36
weeks (T2) of pregnancy and at 6-8 weeks Postpartum (T3). HIV+, non-PG women were tested at
comparable time points. HIV- PG women were tested at T1 only. HIV+ women were not started on
antiretroviral therapy (ART) until T1. Biomarkers of IA assessed included: CD4DR+, CD4CD38+,
CD4DR+CD38+, CD8DR+, CD8CD38+, and CD8DR+CD38+. Biomarkers of MT included LPS,
sCD14, and 16SrDNA.

Results:

30 HIV+PG women, 18 HIV+ non-PG and 10 HIV-PG were enrolled. In the HIV+
women, there were no differences in median age, viral load, % or absolute CD4 at entry. Significant
differences between T1 and T2 and between T1 and T3 were noted in CD8DR+CD38+ in HIV+PG
women after ART. CD4DR+, CD4DR+CD38+, and CD8DR+ decreased post ART in HIV+PG
women but a decline in IA was less evident in HIV+ non-PG. LPS decreased post ART by T3 in
both HIV+PG and HIV+ non-PG groups; 16SrDNA was elevated at all time points in both groups
when compared to control values, and declined post ART in the HIV+PG group. A subgroup of
HIV-PG at T1 had IA and MT as evidenced by several IA markers and increased LPS.

Conclusion:
The degree of IA and MT was similar among HIV+PG and HIV+ non-PG women followed
longitudinally. There was no incremental increase due to the combined effects of HIV and
pregnancy. Several markers of IA and MT (LPS, 16SrDNA) decreased post ART. IA and MT occurred
in a subgroup of HIV-PG women during the 1st trimester. Further study must be done to confirm
whether MT consistently occurs in some healthy women during PG.
Buckwheat Journey to Functional Food Sector
Authors: Pirzadah Tanveer Bilal , Malik Bisma , Tahir Inayatullah , Ul Rehman Reiaz 
Published: October 2018

Background::
Buckwheat (Fagopyrum spp.), a dicot pseudocereal, has an immense potential
in the functional food sector pertinently due to high nutritional profile. It is a rich source of phenolic
compounds, phytosterols, fagopyrins, dietary fibre, lignans, vitamins, minerals, antioxidants
and unsaturated fatty acids. The buckwheat products include tea, honey, cakes, pancakes, cookies
and soba noodles are gluten-free and are thus important for coeliac disease patients.

Objective:
The current review discusses the comparative metadata analysis of amino acids, bioactive
constituents and livelihood framework of buckwheat.

Conclusion:
The biological value of buckwheat proteins is considerably high possessing the aminoacid
score of 100 and the comparative metadata analysis revealed that it is richer in lysine, histidine
and tryptophan than wheat, corn, barley and egg. Buckwheat seeds contain many fagopyritols
amongst which fagopyritols A1 is an active constituent in insulin signaling and thus helps to treat diabetes
and polycystic ovarian syndrome. The buckwheat crop is on decline which needs attention for
its conservation, cultivation and improvement thus we present its livelihood framework for human
welfare.
In silico Molecular Docking Study to Search New SGLT2 Inhibitor based on Dioxabicyclo[3.2.1] Octane Scaffold
Authors: Kumar Shubham , Khatik Gopal L. , Mittal Amit 
Published: October 2018

Background:Diabetes is a leading cause of high mortality rate in the world. Recently, SGLT2 inhibitors showed the promising result to treat diabetes and therefore several molecules are approved by the US FDA.Objective:SGLT2 inhibitors were designed based on dioxabicyclo[3.2.1] octane with the aim to search new lead molecule.Methods:The molecular structures were drawn in ChemBiodraw ultra and molecular docking study was performed by AutoDock Vina 1.5.6 software. The LogP and toxicity were predicted online using AlogP and Lazar in-silico respectively.Results:Among all the designed molecules, SK306 showed the maximum binding affinity against the 3dh4 SGLT2 protein of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. LogP values were also calculated in order to determine the lipophilic property of the best binding molecules which show LogP 2.82-3.79 in the range for good absorption and elimination, also predicted to be non-toxic.Conclusion:SGLT2 inhibitors were designed based on the dioxabicyclo [3.2.1] octane resulting in a new lead molecule with high binding affinity; also these molecules were predicted to be noncarcinogenic with low LogP.
Effects of Hydroxyl Group on the Interaction of Carboxylated Flavonoid Derivatives with S. Cerevisiae α-Glucosidase
Authors: Lu Huining , Qi Yanjiao , Zhao Yaming , Jin Nengzhi 
Published: October 2018

Introduction:Carboxyalkyl flavonoids derivatives are considered as effective inhibitors in reducing post-prandial hyperglycaemia.Methods:Combined with Density Functional Theory (DFT) and the theory of Atoms in Molecules (AIM), molecular docking and charge density analysis are carried out to understand the molecular flexibility, charge density distribution and the electrostatic properties of these carboxyalkyl derivatives.Results:Results show that the electron density of the chemical bond C14-O17 on B ring of molecule II increases while O17-H18 decreases at the active site, suggesting the existence of weak noncovalent interactions, most prominent of which are H-bonding and electrostatic interaction. When hydroxyl groups are introduced, the highest positive electrostatic potentials are distributed near the B ring hydroxyl hydrogen atom and the carboxyl hydrogen atom on the A ring. It was reported that quercetin has a considerably inhibitory activity to S. cerevisiae α-glucosidase, from the binding affinities, it is suggested that the position and number of hydroxyl groups on the B and C rings are also pivotal to the hypoglycemic activity when the long carboxyalkyl group is introduced into the A ring.Conclusion:It is concluded that the presence of three well-defined zones in the structure, both hydrophobicity alkyl, hydrophilicity carboxyl and hydroxyl groups are necessary.
Faktor determinan pemanfaatan tik dan pengaruhnya terhadap kinerja guru SMK di Kabupaten Gunungkidul
Authors: Destiana Bonita , Soenarto Soenarto 
Published: October 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) pengaruh faktor sosial terhadap pemanfaatan TIK; (2) pengaruh kemudahan penggunaan terhadap pemanfaatan TIK; (3) pengaruh kesesuaian tugas terhadap pemanfaatan TIK; (4) pengaruh harapan hasil terhadap pemanfaatan TIK; dan (5) pengaruh pemanfaatan TIK terhadap kinerja guru. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian ex-post facto, dilaksanakan pada empat SMK yang sudah menerapkan Kurikulum 2013 di Kabupaten Gunungkidul. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan proportionale random sampling. Penentuan jumlah sampel menggunakan tabel Krejcie dan Morgan, untuk populasi sebanyak 377 maka sampel yang diambil sebanyak 191 guru. Validitas instrumen diketahui berdasarkan penilaian pakar dan analisis butir. Reliabilitas diketahui dengan menghitung koefisien Cronbach Alpha. Teknik analisis data dengan Partial Least Square (PLS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) faktor sosial berpengaruh terhadap pemanfaatan TIK; (2) kemudahan penggunaan berpengaruh terhadap pemanfaatan TIK; (3) kesesuaian tugas berpengaruh terhadap pemanfaatan TIK; (4) harapan hasil tidak berpengaruh terhadap pemanfaatan TIK; dan (5) pemanfaatan TIK berpengaruh terhadap kinerja guru. DETERMINANT FACTORS OF ICT UTILIZATION AND THE EFFECT ON TEACHER PERFORMANCE OF SMK IN GUNUNGKIDUL DISTRICTAbstractThis study aimed to determine: (1) the effect of social factor on the ICT utilization; (2) the effect of ease of use on the ICT utilization; (3) the effect of job fit on the ICT utilization; (4) the effect of outcome expectancy on the ICT utilization; and (5) the effect of ICT utilization on the teachers performance. This study was an ex-post facto research, conducted in four SMKs that have implemented ‘Kurikulum 2013’ in Gunungkidul district. The sampling technique was proportionale random sampling. Based on Krejcie and Morgan’s table for determining sample size, for a population of 377 the sample could be taken as many as 191 teachers. The validity of the instrument was known based on expert judgment and item analysis. Reliability coefficient was determined by calculating Cronbach’s Alpha. The data analysis technique used was Partial Least Square (PLS). The results of this research show that: (1) the social factor affects the ICT utilization; (2) the ease of use affects the ICT utilization; (3) the job fit affects the ICT utilization; (4) the outcome expectancy doesn’t affect the ICT utilization; and (5)the ICT utilization affects the teachers performance.
Use of a Biofeedback Breathing App to Augment Poststress Physiological Recovery: Randomized Pilot Study
Authors: Plans David , Morelli Davide , Sütterlin Stefan , Ollis Lucie , Derbyshire Georgia , Cropley Mark 
Published: October 2018

Background
The speed of physiological recovery from stress may be a marker for cardiovascular disease risk. Stress management programs that incorporate guided breathing have been shown to moderate the stress response and augment recovery.

Objective
The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of an app-based brief relaxation intervention (BioBase) for facilitating physiological recovery in individuals exposed to a brief psychological stressor.

Methods
A total of 75 participants (44 women) completed a stressor speech task and were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: control, rumination, or an app-based relaxation breathing (BioBase) conditions. Heart rate variability (HRV) was assessed as a measure of autonomic function at baseline (6 min), during stress (6 min), and during recovery (6 min).

Results
There was a significant increase in subjective stress following stress exposure, but the ratings returned to baseline after recovery in all three groups. In addition, there was a significant decrease in vagally mediated HRV in the poststress period. During recovery, the root mean square of successive differences (P<.001), the percentage of successive interbeat (RR) intervals that differ by >50 ms (pNN50; P<.001), and high-frequency (P<.02) HRV were significantly higher in the BioBase breathing condition than the rumination and control conditions. There was no difference in HRV values between the rumination and control conditions during recovery.

Conclusions
App-based relaxed breathing interventions could be effective in reducing cardiovascular disease risk. These results provide additional utility of biofeedback breathing in augmenting physiological recovery from psychological stress.