bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hubungan pemberian imunisasi BCG dengan kejadian TB paru pada anak di Puskesmas Tuminting periode Januari 2012 – Juni 2012
Authors: Susanto Christian K. , Wahani Audrey . , Rompis Johnny . 
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Pulmonary Tuberculosis (Tb) is still a public health problem. The prevalence of pulmonary Tb from year to year in Manado is still high even though the management of strategy is relatively the same- prevention by immunization, case finding, and treatment strategy with supervision and with DOT directly. Prevention with immunization results in better body resistance. Immunization against Tb is required in some countries and is recommended in several other countries. Although the majority of toddlers are already BCG vaccinated there are still many pulmonary Tb cases among children in Manado. This study aimed to obtain the relationship between the BCG immunization and pulmonary TB occurence in children in Tuminting Primary Health Care, Manado. The results showed that at Tuminting Primary Health Care most of the toddlers had been BCG immunized. Tuberculosis was found among toddlers aged >3 years and there was a significant correlation between BCG immunization and the occurence of tuberculosis with an OR 0.804. Keywords: immunization BCG, occurence of TB Abstrak: Penyakit TB paru sampai saat ini masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat. Prevalensi TB paru dari tahun ke tahun di Kota Manado tetap tinggi meskipun strategi penanganan yang diterapkan relative sama, yaitu pencegahan dengan imunisasi. penemuan penderita, dan pengobatan dengan strategi DOT atau dengan pengawasan minum obat secara langsung. Pencegahan dengan imunisasi merupakan tindakan yang mengakibatkan seseorang mempunyai ketahanan tubuh yang lebih baik. Imunisasi terhadap penyakit TB telah diwajibkan di beberapa negara serta direkomendasikan di beberapa negara lainnya. Penyakit TB banyak terjadi pada anak di Kota Manado padahal anak balita tersebut sebagian besar sudah divaksinasi BCG. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pemberian imunisasi BCG dengan kejadian TB Paru pada anak di Puskesmas Tuminting Manado. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa sebagian besar anak balita yang berobat di Puskesmas Tuminting telah diberikan imunisasi BCG. Kejadian tuberkulosis ditemukan pada umur >3 tahun dan terdapat hubungan bermakna antara pemberian imunisasi BCG dengan kejadian tuberkulosis paru dengan nilai OR 0,804.Kata kunci: imunisasi BCG, kejadian TB paru
Hubungan tinggi kepala dengan tinggi badan untuk identifikasi forensik
Authors: Poluan Beatrice , Tomuka Djemi , Kristanto Erwin G. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Forensic identification is a method to provide assistance for investigators in fulfilling visum et repertum requests and to identify death bodies. Forensic anthropology assists the process of visum et repertum. Forensic anthropology is the application of physical anthropology science inter alia by using anthropometry; certain body parts are measured. Body height is one of the major point in identification and in forensic anthropology, body height is one of the main biological profiles. Head height can be used to determine body height because there is a significant correlation between these two biological profiles. This study aimed to obtain the relationship between head height and body height. This was an analytical study with a cross sectional design. Subjects were students of batch 2012 of Faculty of Medicine, University of Sam Ratulangi Manado, aged 21-22 years. The results showed a positive correlation r= 0.691 with a probablity value of 0.000. Conclusion: There was a significant correlation between head height and body height. Keywords: forensic identification, forensic anthropology, anthropometry. Abstrak: Identifikasi forensik merupakan upaya yang dilakukan dengan tujuan membantu penyidik dalam memenuhi permintaan visum et repertum untuk menentukan identitas seseorang. Antropologi forensik merupakan penerapan ilmu antropologi fisik dengan menggunakan antropometri yaitu salah satu metode pengukuran bagian tubuh. Tinggi badan merupakan salah satu ciri utama untuk proses identifikasi. Dalam antropologi forensik, tinggi badan merupakan salah satu profil biologis utama. Bagian tubuh yang dapat diukur untuk menentukan tinggi badan ialah antara lain tinggi kepala karena terdapat hubungan yang kuat antara keduanya. Tinggi badan dan tinggi kepala berbanding lurus karena setiap terjadi pertambahan tinggi badan, tinggi kepala juga bertambah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara tinggi kepala dan tinggi badan. Jenis penelitian ini analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Subyek penelitian ialah mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado angkatan 2012 yang berusia 21-22 tahun. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan terdapat korelasi positif yang signifikan antara tinggi kepala dan tinggi badan dengan nilai koefisien r = 0,691, dan nilai probabilitas 0,000. Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara tinggi kepala dan tinggi badan.Kata kunci: identifikasi forensik, antropologi forensik, antropometri
Hubungan kadar HbA1C dengan estimasi filtrasi glomerulus pada pasien DM tipe 2
Authors: Gahung Rixi , Pandelaki Karel , Moeis Emma Sy. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is still increasing in number in the future. Type 2 diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) often appears in adults and the cause is due to a shortage of the hormone insulin on a relative basis, generally appears slowly and gradually worsens. One of the parameters to control blood sugar level is HbA1c. The high HbA1c increases the risks and complications in T2DM patients. This study aimed to obtain the relationship between HbA1c level and GFR among T2DM patients. This was an analytical study using the patient's medical record data. This study was conducted at the Endocrine Clinic and Heart and Hypertension Clinic with a total samples of 65 patients. The results showed that of the 65 subjects, there were 40 male patients and 25 female patients. The Pearson correlation test showed that the relationship of the HbA1c level and GFR had a p value = 0.05 > 0.462 and the correlation r = 0.093. Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between HbA1c level and GFR in type 2 DM patients. Keywords: HbA1c, GFR, type 2 DM Abtsrak: Diabetes merupakan suatu penyakit tidak menular yang akan terus meningkat jumlahnya di masa datang. Diabetes Melitus tipe 2 (DMT2) sering muncul pada orang dewasa dan penyebabnya oleh karena kekurangan hormon insulin secara relatif , umumnya muncul perlahan dan secara bertahap akan bertambah berat. Salah satu parameter kontrol kadar gula darah ialah HbA1c. Jika HbA1c meningkat terjadi pula peningkatan resiko komplikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar HbA1c dengan eLFG pada pasien DMT2. Jenis penelitian ini analitik dengan mengevaluasi data rekam medik pasien. Penelitian dilakukan di Poliklinik Endokrin dan Poliklinik Jantung dan Hipertensi dengan jumlah subyek penelitian 65 pasien DMT2. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dari 65 orang subjek terdapat 40 laki-laki dan 25 perempuan. Untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan kadar HbA1c dengan LFG digunakan analisis bivariat Pearson correlation yang mendapatkan nilai p hitung = 0,462> 0,05 dengan kekuatan korelasi r = 0,093. Simpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara kadar HbA1c dengan eLFG pada pasien DM tipe 2.Kata kunci: HbA1c, eLFG, DM tipe 2
Gambaran klinis neuropati pada pasien diabetes melitus di Poliklinik Neurologi RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou periode Juli 2014 – Juni 2015
Authors: Hutapea Faisal S. , Kembuan Mieke A.H.N. , P.S. Junita Maja 
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Neuropathy is a sensory, motor or mixed disorder of peripheral nerves. This study aimed to describe the clinical picture of neuropathy in patients with diabetes mellitus at the Neurology Clinic of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado. This was a descriptive retrospective study using medical records of patients who came to the Neurology Clinic of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital from July 2014 to June 2015. The results showed that there were 140 diabetes mellitus cases that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria; 83 cases of diabetes mellitus were associated with neuropathy. Neuropathy were most numerous in female patients, age range of 45-65 years, retired profession, and had long-standing diabetes mellitus over 1-5 years. The most common clinical symptom that the patients complained was cramp. Keywords: neuropathy, diabetes mellitus Abstrak: Neuropati adalah suatu gangguan saraf perifer baik sensorik, motorik atau campuran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran klinis neuropati pada pasien diabetes melitus di Poliklinik Saraf RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Jenis penelitian ini ialah deskriptif retrospektif dengan menggunakan data rekam medik pasien diabetes melitus yang datang ke Poliklinik Saraf RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode Juli 2014 - Juni 2015. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan terdapat 140 kasus diabetes melitus yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi dan 83 kasus diantaranya yang mengalami neuropati. Neuropati paling banyak terdapat pada pasien berjenis kelamin wanita, rentang usia 45-65 tahun, pensiunan, dan telah lama menderita diabetes melitus 1-5 tahun. Gejala klinis yang paling banyak dikeluhkan ialah kram.Kata kunci: neuropati, diabetes melitus
Gambaran skala visual analog dan hemodinamik pada pasien yang diberikan kombinasi tramadol dan ketorolak pasca bedah laparotomi
Authors: Mufti Galuh R. , Tambajong Harold F. , Lalenoh Diana 
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Pain as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with tissue damage or potential tissue damage or a condition that indicates tissue damage. This study aimed to describe the visual analogue scale (VAS) and hemodynamic among patients given combination of tramadol and ketorolac post laparotomy. Evaluation of pain was assessed by using VAS. This was a descriptive prospective study and was carried out in the recovery room (RR) postoperation and in inpatient A and D instalations of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado from December 2015 to March 2016. There were 20 respondents that were handled with laparotomy and had met the inclusion criteria. The results showed that the average VAS score at the 2nd hour was 5, while the average VAS score at the 4th hour and the 6th hour were 6.4 and 8.5 respectively. The average systolic pressure at the 2nd hour was 124 mmHg, the 4th hour was 126 mmHg, and the 6th hour was 131.6 mmHg. The average diastolic pressure at the 2nd hour was 78 mmHg, at the 4th was 80 mmHg, and at the 6th was 85 mmHg. The average pulse rate at the 2nd hour was 85.4 per minute, at the 4th was 86.7 per minute, and at the 6th was 90.3 per minute. The average MAP at the 2nd hour was 91 mmHg, at the 4th was 91.3 mmHg, and at the 6th was 94 mmHg. Keywords: visual analog scale, haemodynamic, ketorolac, tramadol Abstrak: Nyeri adalah suatu pengalaman sensoris dan emosional yang tidak menyenangkan dihubungkan dengan adanya kerusakan jaringan atau potensial terjadinya kerusakan jaringan atau suatu keadaan yang menunjukan kerusakan jaringan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran skala analog visual dan hemodinamik pada pasien yang diberikan kombinasi tramadol dan ketorolak pascabedah laparotomi. Gambaran nyeri dinilai dengan menggunakan visual analog scale (VAS). Jenis penelitian ini deskriptif prospektif dan dilakukan di ruang pemulihan recovery room (RR) pascabedah dan di Instalasi Rawat Inap A dan D RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado pada bulan Desember 2015-Maret 2016. Jumlah sampel yaitu 20 orang yang dilakukan operasi laparotomi yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rerata skor VAS pada jam ke-2 ialah 5 sedangkan rerata skor VAS pada jam ke-4 dan jam ke-6 ialah 6,4 dan 8,5 secara berurutan. Rerata tekanan sistolik pada jam ke-2 ialah 124 mmHg, jam ke-4 ialah 126 mmHg dan jam ke-6 menjadi 131,6 mmHg. Rerata tekanan diastolik pada jam ke-2 ialah 78 mmHg, jam ke-4 ialah 80 mmHg, dan jam ke-6 menjadi 85 mmHg. Rerata laju nadi pada jam ke-2 ialah 85,4 x/menit, jam ke-4 ialah 86,7 x/menit, dan jam ke-6 menjadi 90,3 x/menit mmHg. Rerata MAP pada jam ke-2 ialah 91 mmHg, jam ke-4 ialah 91,3 mmHg, dan jam ke-6 menjadi 94 mmHg.Kata kunci: visual analog scale, hemodinamik, ketorolak, tramadol
Honey Bee Products Marketing Practices: Challenges and Opportunities in and around Maksegnit Town, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Chanie Demissie , Melese Getnet , Ayalew Habtamu 
Published: July 2019

The study was conducted in Amhara region Maksegnit town north Gondar Ethiopia with the objective of investigating honey bee products marketing practice; opportunities and constraints. The data was collected from 40 households from four PAs by using pretested semi structure questionnaire. The collected data revealed that the major products of honey bee are honey (67.5%) and the rest (32.5%) colony itself. The major reason of keeping bees in the study area is for income source. The value obtained by ranking index revealed that middlemen, tej (a mead or honey wine) houses and retailer are the three major honey buyers with the index values of 0.30, 0.24 and 0.21, respectively. The price of honey is majorly governed by quality and color of the honey with index values of 0.4 and 0.3, respectively. The highest and the lowest price of honey in the study area was found to be 133.50 ± 6.222 and 69.25 ± 12.483 Ethiopian birr (ETB) for white and black honey, respectively. Lack of road, lack of materials for measuring the quantity of honey and the variation in the color of the honey were found to be the three major constraints of honey marketing with the index value of 0.16 of 0.143 and 0.141, respectively. The major challenge for marketing of bee colony is unavailability of organized marketing place. The Increment in number of unemployed youth, increment in price of honey and colony and the high demand of honey and colony in the area are the three major opportunities available to be engaged in beekeeping sector in the study area. To alleviate challenges of bee product and colony marketing, the government should provide important inputs and awareness should be created for the farmers.
Antimicrobial Proteins: Key Components of Innate Immunity
Authors: Prasad Bishun Deo , Sahni Sangita , Ranjan Tushar , Kumari Diksha 
Published: July 2019

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are the small ubiquitous self-defence products which are extensively distributed in plants. They can be classified into several groups, including thionins, defensins, snakins, lipid transfer proteins, glycine-rich proteins, cyclotides, and hevein-type proteins. AMPs are important mediators of an innate host defence system, with antimicrobial activities against a broad spectrum of microorganisms. AMPs can be extracted and isolated from different plants and plant organs such as stems, roots, seeds, flowers and leaves. They perform various physiological defensive mechanisms to eliminate viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites, and so could be used as therapeutic and preservative agents.
Risk Assessment of Specific Strains of Lactobacillus rhamnosus Used as "Other Substances"
Authors: Yazdankhah Siamak , Grahek-Ogden Danica , Eckner Karl , Kapperud Georg , Lassen Jørgen , Narvhus Judith , Nesbakken Truls , Robertson Lucy , Rosnes Jan Thomas , Skjerdal Olaug Taran , Skjerve Eystein , Vold Line , Wasteson Yngvild 
Published: July 2019

The Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (Vitenskapskomiteen for mattrygghet, VKM) has, at the request of the Norwegian Food Safety Authority (Mattilsynet; NFSA), assessed the risk of "other substances" in food supplements sold in Norway. These risk assessments will provide NFSA with the scientific basis for regulation of the addition of “other substances” to food supplements and other foods.
"Other substances" are described in the food supplement directive 2002/46/EC as substances other than vitamins or minerals that have a nutritional and/or physiological effect. It is added mainly to food supplements, but also to other foods. VKM has not in this series of risk assessments of "other substances" evaluated any claimed beneficial effects from these substances, only possible adverse effects.
The present report is a risk assessment of Lactobacillus rhamnosus Rosell-11 ND, Lactobacillus rhamnosus W71, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Lactobacillus rhamnosus Lr-329 based on previous risk assessments and also publications retrieved from literature search.
The risk of the Lactobacillus strains listed above was assessed for the general population. However, in previous assessments of probiotics published by VKM, concerns have been identified for specific groups. Therefore, the risk was assessed for the age group with immature gastro-intestinal microbiota (age group 0-36 months), population with mature gastro-intestinal microbiota (>3 years) and vulnerable groups with mature gastro-intestinal tract. VKM has also assessed the risk of L. rhamnosus Rosell-11 ND, L. rhamnosus W71, L. rhamnosus GG and L. rhamnosus Lr-329 in food supplements and other foods independent of the dose and have assessed exposure in general terms.
VKM concludes that it is unlikely that L. rhamnosus Rosell-11 ND, L. rhamnosus W71, L. rhamnosus GG and L. rhamnosus Lr-329 would cause adverse health effects in the general healthy population with mature gastro-intestinal tract.
However, no data on long-term adverse effects on infants and young children were identified. As evidence is accruing that the early microbial composition of the neonatal gut is important for the development of the gut microbiota and the immune system of the growing child, it is not possible to exclude that a daily supply of a single particular bacterial strain over a prolonged period of time to an immature gastro-intestinal tract may have long-term, although still unknown, adverse effects on that development.
Risk Assessment of the Metabolite M44 of Bixafen, One of the Active Substancesin Aviator Xpro EC225
Authors: Lyche Jan Ludvig , Dirven Hubert , Låg Marit , Nilsen Asbjørn Magne , Borgå Katrine , Eklo Ole Martin , Grung Merete , Sverdrup Line Emilie , Källqvist Torsten 
Published: July 2019

Aviator Xpro EC 225 containing the active substance bixafen was assessed by VKM in spring 2013, and it was concluded that the metabolite M44 has potential for groundwater contamination. Furthermore, VKM assessed in late 2013 the relevance of this metabolite in accordance with the EU guidance document on metabolites in groundwater, and concluded that the malformations observed in rabbits exposed to the metabolite should be considered treatment related. VKM also concluded that the data presented to evaluate the possible genotoxic properties of the metabolite was insufficient to reach a conclusion. Based on this, the Norwegian Food Safety Authority rejected the approval of Aviator Xpro EC 225.
The applicant has now submitted results from an in vivo study to strengthen the basis for assessment of genotoxic properties, and also submitted new historical controls in relation to the experimental studies on foetal developmental effects in rabbits. The VKM Panel on Plant Protection Products has discussed the questions raised by The Norwegian Food Safety Authority on the basis of the new data, and has the following opinion:
On the assessment of genotoxic properties of the M44 metabolite of bixafen, one of the active ingredients of Aviator Xpro EC 225.
It is the view of VKM Panel on Plant Protection Products that the new in vivo mouse micronucleus study, supplemented together with a separate study demonstrating bioavailability, overrides the results of the in vitro clastogenicity studies. Taken together, it is the opinion of VKM that under the conditions studied, M44 should be considered as non-genotoxic.
On the assessment of the relevance of the foetal malformations in M44 exposed animals.
VKMs Panel on Plant Protection products has assessed the arguments and new historical control data presented by the applicant, intended to show that metabolite M44 is not teratogenic. It is however the opinion of the Panel that the arguments and the new historical data provided by the applicant do not alter the panel’s previous conclusion; that the malformations observed in rabbits exposed to the metabolite M44 should be considered treatment related.
Effect of Anti-tuberculosis Drugs on Patients with Multi-drug Resistance Tuberculosis in Mainland Hospital Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Okoroiwu Gideon I. A. , Onokpise Gloria I. 
Published: July 2019

Introduction: The occurrence of multi-drug resistance tuberculosis among tuberculosis patients has raised global public health concern, especially in Nigeria. The increase in the number of cases of resistance tuberculosis despite the effort and need to curb the menace in Nigeria led to this study.
Aim of the Study: The aim was to investigate the effect of anti-Tuberculosis drugs on patients with multi-drug resistance Tuberculosis in Mainland Hospital Yaba, Lagos.
Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study of the already confirmed multi-drug resistance tuberculosis patients at the Mainland Hospital Yaba, Lagos .One hundred self-structured interview questionnaires were randomly administered among already confirmed mult-drug resistance tuberculosis patients at the hospital to collect bio-data information, and thereafter, received second- line anti-Tuberculosis drugs in phases for 22 months.
Results and Discussion: The patients received the following regimen of treatments based on their weights and ages, the selected regimens administered for 22 months comprised of two phases; first, 8 months of intensive phase of Kanamycin, levofloxacin, cycloserine, prothionamide,and pyrazinamide and second, 12 months of Levofloxacin, cycloserine, prothionamide and pyrazinamide. Post laboratory analysis was used to monitor the effectiveness of the second-line anti-Tuberculosis drugs used. Out of the 92 patients that received the drugs, 89(96.7%) were confirmed negative to multi-drug resistance tuberculosis, while 3(3.3%) were still positive.
Conclusion: The anti-Tuberculosis drugs in the order used is highly recommended for the reduction if not total eradication of multi-drug resistance tuberculosis in Nigeria. Effort should be geared towards making sure that the multi-drug resistance tuberculosis patients are confined, proper regimen administered and monitored in order to reduce the rate of spread.