bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A NICER Discovery of a Low-frequency Quasi-periodic Oscillation in the Soft-intermediate State of MAXI J1535–571
Authors: Stevens A. L. , Uttley P. , Altamirano D. , Arzoumanian Z. , Bult P. , Cackett E. M. , Fabian A. C. , Gendreau K. C. , Ha K. Q. , Homan J. , Ingram A. R. , Kara E. , Kellogg J. , Ludlam R. M. , Miller J. M. , Neilsen J. , Pasham D. R. , Remillard R. A. , Steiner J. F. , Eijnden J. van den 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
We present the discovery of a low-frequency ≈5.7 Hz quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) feature in observations of the black hole X-ray binary MAXI J1535–571 in its soft-intermediate state, obtained in 2017 September–October by the Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer. The feature is relatively broad (compared to other low-frequency QPOs; quality factor Q ≈ 2) and weak (1.9% rms in 3–10 keV), and is accompanied by a weak harmonic and low-amplitude broadband noise. These characteristics identify it as a weak Type A/B QPO, similar to ones previously identified in the soft-intermediate state of the transient black hole X-ray binary XTE J1550–564. The lag-energy spectrum of the QPO shows increasing soft lags toward lower energies, approaching 50 ms at 1 keV (with respect to a 3–10 keV continuum). This large phase shift has similar amplitude but opposite sign to that seen in Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer data for a Type B QPO from the transient black hole X-ray binary GX 339–4. Previous phase-resolved spectroscopy analysis of the Type B QPO in GX 339–4 pointed toward a precessing jet-like corona illuminating the accretion disk as the origin of the QPO signal. We suggest that this QPO in MAXI J1535–571 may have the same origin, with the different lag sign depending on the scale height of the emitting region and the observer inclination angle.
Comparative acute toxicity of the pharmaceutical compound Diclofenac on groundwater and surface water crustaceans
Authors: Castaño Sánchez Andrea , Pereira Joana , Gonçalves Fernando , Reboleira Ana Sofia 
Published: September 2018

Pharmaceutical compounds have been extensively used in medicine and currently detected in trace concentrations (ranging from ng/L to mg/L) in both surface and groundwater bodies worldwide in the last decades. Despite being mostly found in low concentrations, these are persistent compounds that are continuously discharged into aquatic ecosystems. Pharmaceutical compounds are also present in complex mixtures and the actual absence of appropriate wastewater treatment specifically targeting their elimination, renders them emerging contaminants with high risk for surface and groundwater ecosystems. None of these compounds is included in the European Water Framework Directive as a priority substance and comprehensive data are still being built regarding pharmaceuticals toxicity on standard surface aquatic taxa and almost none concerning groundwater-dweller species. However, the current Directive 2008/105/EC has included some antibiotics, steroids, phenolic-antioxidants and the anti-inflammatory diclofenac in the established watch list for monitoring substances regarding water quality policy.
Assessing the toxicity of pharmaceutical compounds in a large spectrum of aquatic environments is needed to assist a realistic environmental risk assessment. Hence, including subterranean species is a priority for establishing conservation measures in groundwater ecosystems. Copepod crustaceans are widely represented in freshwater bodies and dominant in groundwater ecosystems. We have selected the cosmopolitan (freshwater and groundwater) crustacean species Diacyclops crassicaudis crassicaudis Sars, 1863 and the freshwater model species Daphnia magna Müller, 1785 to estimate their response to acute exposures to the pharmaceutical compound diclofenac. Our preliminary results indicate that diclofenac was more toxic to the copepodites C1-C2 than to the neonates of D. magna (half maximal effective concentration: 63 mg/L and 111.3 mg/L at 48 h respectively) (See Suppl. material 1). However, further long-term toxicity testing at more environmentally relevant concentrations and the use of species with similar ecological features and more closely related are required for a better understanding of the potential of pharmaceutical compounds to harm the groundwater biota.
Cafebr - Citation Amender/Formatter for Biological Research
Authors: Tsugama Daisuke 
Published: September 2018

A reference list is an essential part of a manuscript for an academic article. It is often necessary to reformat (i.e., change orders of pieces of article information such as authors, article title, publication year, and journal where the article was published) of a preformatted reference list when a manuscript is declined by one journal and submitted to another. EndNote, Zotero and Mendeley are examples of sophisticated reference management programs that help generate a reference list with less errors. However, their multifunctionality seems to have complicated the process of generating a reference list: they require many selection steps to obtain a final output, and also require to manually edit a file outside the execuiton program even to make small changes in the output.
The author developed a program, Cafebr (Citation Amender/Formatter for Biological Research), to more simply generate a reference list for an article of biological research. It is written in HTML/JavaScript, and as such works on a web browser on any platform. On Cafebr, articles for a final reference list can be either given by a user or collected from PubMed. Pieces of article information are then extracted according to the format of these articles or to the delimiters designated by a user. Preset formats for output are currently only four, but all of them can be directly edited on the user interface, allowing to change output formats quickly and flexibly. All of the functions of Cafebr is available on its website (either http://stdtgm.itigo.jp/cafebr/cafebr.html (main) or http://studtsugama.s1006.xrea.com/cafebr/cafebr.xhtm (backup)) with aids of a CGI program. A stand-alone version of Cafebr is available at these websites or Zenodo (10.5281/zenodo.1404887).
Standardizing the Bedside Report to Promote Nurse Accountability and Work Effectiveness
Authors: Walsh Janis , Messmer Patricia R. , Hetzler Kathleen , O'Brien David J. , Winningham Barbara A. 
Published: September 2018

Background:
This study evaluated bedside reporting from the nurse's perspective regarding accountability, empowerment, work effectiveness, satisfaction, and communication. The aim was to examine the effects of an educational learning activity on bedside handoff reporting related to accountability and work effectiveness. The communication was used at change of shift between frontline nurses, with future interprofessional implementation.

Method:
A demographic questionnaire, the Specht and Ramler Accountability Index-Individual Referent and the Conditions for Workplace Effectiveness Questionnaire-II were administered pre–posteducational (learning activity) intervention. Of 184 RNs, 104 completed the pretest, with only 73 of those completing the posttest.

Results:

Statistically significant differences were seen with empowerment, work effectiveness, communication, and nurse job satisfaction posttest; no statistically significant difference was found with accountability. The sample was ethnically diverse, with the majority being Latino pretest (
n
= 63, 55.8%) and posttest (
n
= 44, 60.3%).

Conclusion:
For medical–surgical units, incorporating bedside reporting can increase nurse satisfaction, accountability, and positive outcomes.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2018;49(10):460–466.
Factors Influencing Organizational Commitment and Turnover in Nurse Residents
Authors: Church Cory D. , He Zhaomin , Yarbrough Susan 
Published: September 2018

Background:
Newly licensed RNs (NLRNs) are at risk for leaving employment in the first year. Nurse residency programs have demonstrated success for NLRN retention, yet other variables remain to be explored.

Method:
A retrospective correlational approach was used to determine the effect of autonomy, competence, group cohesion, structural empowerment, and job satisfaction on organizational commitment, turnover intent, and actual job turnover using secondary data of 1,498 nurse residents.

Results:

At 1 year post-residency, turnover intent was low. The turnover rate at year 2 was 8.3% (
n
= 125). Group cohesion, job satisfaction, and structural empowerment had a significant effect on organizational commitment. Organizational commitment had a significant effect on turnover intent.

Conclusion:
As part of the global NLRN population, findings based on the U.S. residency programs provide nursing professional development with information to foster the needs of NLRNs and nursing administrators with information to support the development and effectiveness of nurse residency programs in the organization.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2018;49(10):482–488.
HIV-1 Nef Disrupts CD4+ T Lymphocyte Polarity, Extravasation, and Homing to Lymph Nodes via Its Nef-Associated Kinase Complex Interface
Authors: Lamas-Murua Miguel , Stolp Bettina , Kaw Sheetal , Thoma Judith , Tsopoulidis Nikolaos , Trautz Birthe , Ambiel Ina , Reif Tatjana , Arora Sakshi , Imle Andrea , Tibroni Nadine , Wu Jingxia , Cui Guoliang , Stein Jens V. , Tanaka Motomu , Lyck Ruth , Fackler Oliver T. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
HIV-1 Nef is a multifunctional protein that optimizes virus spread and promotes immune evasion of infected cells to accelerate disease progression in AIDS patients. As one of its activities, Nef reduces the motility of infected CD4+ T lymphocytes in confined space. In vivo, Nef restricts T lymphocyte homing to lymph nodes as it reduces the ability for extravasation at the diapedesis step. Effects of Nef on T lymphocyte motility are typically mediated by its ability to reduce actin remodeling. However, interference with diapedesis does not depend on residues in Nef required for inhibition of host cell actin dynamics. In search for an alternative mechanism by which Nef could alter T lymphocyte extravasation, we noted that the viral protein interferes with the polarization of primary human CD4+ T lymphocytes upon infection with HIV-1. Expression of Nef alone is sufficient to disrupt T cell polarization, and this effect is conserved among lentiviral Nef proteins. Nef acts by arresting the oscillation of CD4+ T cells between polarized and nonpolarized morphologies. Mapping studies identified the binding site for the Nef-associated kinase complex (NAKC) as critical determinant of this Nef activity and a NAKC-binding–deficient Nef variant fails to impair CD4+ T lymphocyte extravasation and homing to lymph nodes. These results thus imply the disruption of T lymphocyte polarity via its NAKC binding site as a novel mechanism by which lentiviral Nef proteins alter T lymphocyte migration in vivo.
Cardiotoxicity of FDA-approved immune checkpoint inhibitors: A rare but serious adverse event
Authors: Zarifa Abdulrazzak , Salih Mohammed , Lopez-Mattei Juan , Lee Hun Ju , Iliescu Cezar , Hassan Saamir , Palaskas Nicolas , Durand Jean-Bernard , Mouhayar Elie , Kim Joseph , Kim Peter 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Refractory cancer represents a challenge for oncologists in providing treatment options without excessive toxicity and has led to the investigation of immune mechanisms. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) directly interfere with the tumor cells' ability to evade the innate and adaptive immune system by targeting specific proteins such as cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4), programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1), and programmed cell death protein-ligand 1 (PD-L1), which are involved as negative regulators of T-cell function. Their growing success has led to the investigation for frontline treatment in several types of cancers. Even though these ICIs have demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of a variety of cancers, their use has been associated with the development of rare but severe adverse events. These events are the result of targeting specific checkpoint proteins on normal cells of the body as well as secondary downstream off-target effects on normal tissue. Similar to combined conventional cancer treatment, treating with combined ICIs are also associated with a higher risk of adverse events. Although cardiotoxicities related to immunotherapy are reportedly rare, they can be severe and associated with life-threatening conditions such as fulminant heart failure, hemodynamic instability, and cardiac arrest. Oncologists must carefully weigh the risk versus the therapeutic benefit of these agents in determining the best option for improving overall survival and minimizing morbidity and mortality of their patients. Our review focuses on the approved ICIs, their mechanism of action, their oncologic efficacy, and the associated potential for cardiovascular toxicity.
A Profile of the “Hit Maker”: Recording the Life of Berliner, Shanghailander, and Philadelphian Gunter Hauer
Authors: Ostoyich Kevin 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT
This article chronicles the life of retired Atlantic Records executive, Gunter Hauer. Hauer fled with his family from Nazi persecution in Berlin, Germany to Shanghai, China. There Gunter found haven with approximately 18,000 to 20,000 Jewish refugees. In 1943 he was forced by the occupying Japanese to live in a restricted zone known as the Designated Area until the end of the war. He married in Shanghai and moved with his wife to the United States. Here, he lived the proverbial “rags to riches” story as he went from being a phonograph record shipper at King Records to a distributor at Gotham Records and eventually an executive at Atlantic Records. With a can-do attitude, a gregarious demeanor, and a knack for calling the hits, Gunter put his mark on the recording industry of the Mid-Atlantic Region and beyond. He is now a sixty-year resident of Philadelphia entering his centennial year.
A AUSÊNCIA DE POLÍTICAS PARA O ENSINO DE LÍNGUA ESTRANGEIRA NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL I: REFLEXÕES ACERCA DA OBRIGATORIEDADE DA OFERTA NOS CURRÍCULOS DAS ESCOLAS MUNICIPAIS PÚBLICAS
Authors: Avila Paula Aparecida , Tonelli Juliana Reichert Assunção 
Published: September 2018

Objetiva-se com este artigo investigar, considerando o contexto da legislação educacional brasileira, a viabilidade de uma Língua Estrangeira (LE) ser obrigatória no Ensino Fundamental I (1º ao 5º ano). Os objetivos específicos são: 1) verificar as disposições legais sobre a oferta da LE no Ensino Fundamental I; e 2) analisar quais são os profissionais que devem atuar neste nível de ensino por meio da legislação educacional e teorias sobre a formação de professores em LE. Pelo fato de a LE ser obrigatória a partir do sexto ano, esta pesquisa tem por intuito elucidar a hipótese de que o contato com a Língua Inglesa (LI) nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental contribui para um melhor desenvolvimento da aprendizagem dos alunos quando estes ingressam no Ensino Fundamental dos anos finais. Para geração de dados foi realizada pesquisa documental a partir de documentos oficiais tais como: Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação (BRASIL, 2007), Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais - terceiro e quarto ciclos do ensino fundamental (BRASIL, 1998), Plano Nacional de Educação (BRASIL, 2014), Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para o Ensino Fundamental de 9 (nove) anos (BRASIL, 2010) e Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BRASIL, 2017).
Using Patient-reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Measures to Understand the Relationship Between Improvement in Physical Function and Depressive Symptoms
Authors: Beleckas Casey M. , Guattery Jason , Chamberlain Aaron M. , Khan Taleef , Kelly Michael P. , Calfee Ryan P. 
Published: September 2018

Introduction:This investigation determined whether improved physical function and decreased pain would reduce depressive symptoms using the Patient-reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS).Methods:This cohort study analyzed PROMIS Depression, Physical Function, and Pain Interference CAT scores from 3,339 patients presenting to a tertiary orthopaedic center. Patients demonstrating at least a-five point (effect size, 0.5) improvement in PROMIS Physical Function between consecutive visits were eligible for inclusion.Results:Patients presented, on average, with Physical Function and Pain Interference scores nearly one SD worse than population averages and Depression scores that approximated the normal population. Improved Physical Function and Pain Interference scores demonstrated no correlation with change in Depression scores (r = −0.13; r = 0.25).Conclusion:Substantial early improvement in PROMIS Physical Function scores is not associated with change in PROMIS Depression scores. PROMIS Depression scores likely reflect underlying mental health rather than situational depressive symptoms.Level of Evidence:Prognostic, level III
Patient Outcomes After Revision of Anatomic Total Shoulder Arthroplasty to Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty for Rotator Cuff Failure or Component Loosening: A Matched Cohort Study
Authors: Shields Edward , Wiater J. Michael 
Published: September 2018

Purpose:
To compare outcomes after conversion of anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (aTSA) to reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) and a matched cohort.

Methods:
Patients converted from aTSA to RTSA for rotator cuff failure or component loosening and a primary RTSA matched cohort were retrospectively identified from a prospective database. Demographics and preoperative and postoperative outcomes were obtained and compared.

Results:
Age, sex, body mass index, follow-up length, and preoperative function were similar between revision (n = 35) and primary (n = 70) groups. At final follow-up, visual analog scale pain (2.4 ± 2.8 versus 1.7 ± 2.8; P = 0.24) and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (68 ± 26 versus 76 ± 24; P = 0.14) scores were similar. The revision group had worse subjective shoulder value scores (63 ± 30 versus 79 ± 21; P = 0.002), satisfaction (74% versus 90%; P = 0.03), and more complications (31% versus 13%; P = 0.02).

Conclusion:
Revision of aTSA to RTSA for component loosening or rotator cuff failure results in function comparable to primary RTSA; however, more complications, worse subjective shoulder value scores, and lower patient satisfaction should be expected.

Level of Evidence:
Level III, retrospective comparative
Hemolysis Is a Diagnostic Adjuvant for Propionibacterium acnes Orthopaedic Shoulder Infections
Authors: Boyle K. Keely , Nodzo Scott R. , Wright Travis E. , Crane John K. , Duquin Thomas R. 
Published: September 2018

Introduction:
The purpose of this study was to further evaluate the pathogenicity of hemolytic and nonhemolytic phenotypes of Propionibacterium acnes (P acnes) isolates from shoulders of orthopaedic patients.

Methods:
Thirty-one patient records were reviewed, which had a positive P acnes shoulder culture from joint aspiration fluid and/or intraoperative tissues for demographics, clinical course, culture, and laboratory data. Patients were categorized as definite infection, probable infection, or probable contaminant. Antibiotic resistance patterns and hemolysis characteristics were subsequently analyzed.

Results:
Hemolysis demonstrated 100% specificity with a positive predictive value of 100% and 80% sensitivity with a negative predictive value of 73% for determining definite and probable infections. Hundred percent of the patients in the hemolytic group and only 27% of patients in the nonhemolytic group were classified as infected. Presenting inflammatory markers were markedly higher in the hemolytic group. Clindamycin resistance was found in 31% of the hemolytic strains, whereas no antibiotic resistance was observed in the nonhemolytic group.

Conclusion:
Hemolytic strains of P acnes exhibit enhanced pathogenicity to their host by eliciting a more prominent systemic inflammatory response, increased antibiotic resistance, and a more challenging clinical course. Hemolysis may serve as a specific marker for assisting in diagnosing true infection with P acnes.

Level of Evidence:
Level III retrospective comparative study.
Objective Predictors of Grit, Self-Control, and Conscientiousness in Orthopaedic Surgery Residency Applicants
Authors: Camp Christopher L. , Wang Dean , Turner Norman S. , Grawe Brian M. , Kogan Monica , Kelly Anne M. 
Published: September 2018

Introduction:
The purpose of this study was to identify objective predictors of grit, self-control, and conscientiousness in orthopaedic surgery residency applicants.

Methods:
The following attributes were assessed in 455 applicants: grit, self-control, conscientiousness, consistency of interest, perseverance of effort, and ambition. These measures were correlated with standard, objective demographics obtained during the application process.

Results:
Alpha Omega Alpha status, additional degrees, and number of publications did not predict any of the studied attributes. Grit increased with age (P < 0.001) but decreased with increasing board scores (P = 0.004). Former collegiate athletes demonstrated greater grit (P < 0.001), consistency of interest (P = 0.007), perseverance (P = 0.006), and self-control (P = 0.019). Female applicants demonstrated more grit (P = 0.044), consistency of interest (P = 0.003), and conscientiousness (P = 0.029) than males. Applicants with military experience had increased ambition (P = 0.033) and conscientiousness (P = 0.001).

Conclusion:
Overall, orthopaedics applicants possess increased grit compared with the general public, and a number of objective variables reliably predicted the studied attributes.

Level of Evidence:
Level III, Cross-sectional study
A Comparison of Geriatric Hip Fracture Databases
Authors: Shelton Trevor , Hecht Garin , Slee Christina , Wolinsky Philip 
Published: September 2018

Introduction:
The National Surgical Quality Improvement Project (NSQIP) and the Trauma Quality Improvement Project (TQIP) collect data on geriatric hip fractures (GHFs) that could be used to generate risk-adjusted metrics for care of these patients. We examined differences between GHFs reported by our own trauma center to the NSQIP and TQIP and those vetted through an internal GHF list.

Methods:
We reviewed charts of GHFs treated between January 1 and December 31, 2015, and compared patients in an internal GHF database and/or reported to the NSQIP and/or TQIP and determined differences between databases.

Results:
We identified 89 “true” GHFs, of which 96% were identified by our institutional database, 70% by NSQIP, and 9% by the TQIP. No differences were found in outcomes and total costs. The net revenue/patient in the NSQIP database was $24,373 more than those in the institutional database.

Conclusion:
Caution should be taken when using NSQIP/TQIP databases to evaluate the care of GHFs.

Level of Evidence:
Level III