bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Perioperative Pain Management
Authors: Pepper Andrew M. , Mercuri John J. , Behery Omar A. , Vigdorchik Jonathan M. 
Published: December 2018

* There are multiple available agents and modalities for controlling pain perioperatively during total joint arthroplasty to improve the patient experience, and their unique mechanisms and applications should be considered for use preoperatively, intraoperatively, and postoperatively, keeping in mind that each has differing efficacy and side-effect profiles.* Preoperative pain control or preemptive analgesia using anti-inflammatory drugs and opioid analgesics appears to be effective in reducing postoperative pain, although the recommended timing and type of agents are unclear.* With regard to intraoperative anesthetic choice and pain control, spinal anesthesia appears to have fewer systemic risks than general anesthesia, and periarticular injections of local anesthetic agents, regardless of technique, and with or without the addition of sympathetic modulators, opioids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or corticosteroids, have been shown to improve pain scores postoperatively and to overall carry a low risk profile.* When considering postoperative pain control, there are several modalities including cryotherapy, peripheral nerve blockade, and parenteral and enteral medication options including acetaminophen, cyclooxygenase inhibitors, neuromodulators, tramadol, ketamine, and opioid patches, but there is no clearly preferred medication regimen and individual patient risk profiles must be considered when choosing appropriate pain management agents.* Multimodal pain management can decrease opioid usage, improve pain scores, increase patient satisfaction, and enhance early recovery. The ideal preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative pain medication regimen remains unclear, and an individualized approach to perioperative pain management is recommended. Despite this, good results are demonstrated with the existing variations in pain management protocols in the literature.* Treatment of severe postoperative pain in a multimodal fashion carries the risk for serious side effects, including respiratory depression, mental status changes influencing safe gait mechanics, hypotension, renal and hepatic dysfunction, hematologic variations, gastrointestinal considerations including gastric ulcers, constipation or ileus, nausea or vomiting, infection at injection sites, and peripheral nerve injury with peripheral blockade.
DISPOSIÇÃO DOS RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS URBANOS E IMPACTOS NA SAÚDE EM MANAUS-AM
Authors: Pereira Ulliane de Amorim , Aleixo Natacha Cíntia Regina 
Published: December 2018

Este estudo analisou a fragilidade da disposição dos resíduos sólidos na cidade de Manaus e seus respectivos desdobramentos no processo saúde-doença da leptospirose. Para isso, analisaram-se as práticas administrativas realizadas na disposição dos resíduos na cidade. Este estudo foi desenvolvido com base na bibliografia especializada sobre o tema e a realização de trabalho de campo. Os resultados demonstraram que Manaus, apesar de ser a capital do estado do Amazonas, encontra dificuldades em se adequar as normas e diretrizes instituídas na Política Nacional dos Resíduos Sólidos, entretanto, é o primeiro município da região metropolitana de Manaus a implantar o programa de coleta seletiva em seu território e dispor de um aterro controlado. No contexto da atual legislação a problemática dos resíduos sólidos urbanos é um desafio às municipalidades brasileiras em geral e pode impactar negativamente no processo saúde-doença da população.
DINAMICA DO USO DA TERRA NA PAISAGEM NA MICROBACIA DO IGARAPÉ DO QUARENTA, MANAUS-AM/ Dynamics of the land’s use in the landscape of Igarapé of Quarenta’s Microbasin, Manaus-AM
Authors: Silva Gabriela Mendonça da 
Published: December 2018

Este trabalho tem por objetivo a analisar a dinâmica da paisagem entorno do PROSAMIM da microbacia do igarapé do Quarenta através do uso das ferramentas Google Earth Pro e fotografias. A cidade de Manaus exibe uma intensa concentração de palafitas associadas a condições precárias e o ambiente aquático em degradação da qualidade da água por meio dos esgotos domésticos e industriais. A cidade busca soluções ou amenizar esses problemas de forma imediata, uma dessas é a mais importante solução veio por meio do Programa Social e Ambiental dos Igarapés de Manaus (Prosamim). O programa tem como objetivo de promover o saneamento, desassoreamento e utilização racional do uso do solo às margens dos igarapés, associada tanto à manutenção do desenvolvimento socialmente integrado e do crescimento econômico ambientalmente sustentável.
Da gramática aos gêneros textuais nos livros de espanhol como língua estrangeira: ensinabilidades
Authors: Nascimento Izabel Souza 
Published: December 2018

Esta pesquisa atentou para o fato de que apesar das intenções interativas e dos apelos da modernidade linguística e pedagógica, a presença de gêneros textuais como componente principal nos materiais didáticos não garante a efetivação do ensino de uma língua estrangeira. Seguindo os princípios teóricos das teorias cognitivas, especificamente da aprendizagem significativa de David Ausubel(1968),vamos da gramática como símbolo de uma concepção de ensino que tinha a linguagem formal lapidada pela literatura clássica como objetivo a ser conquistado ao uso dos gêneros textuais que marca a concepção interativa da linguagem. Analisamos cinco livros de grande demanda, entre eles os manuais selecionados no PNLEM-2018, e concluímos que o professor, além de seguir um planejamento didático elaborado, deve fazer agregações e descartes nesses e em qualquer tipo de material para que os ajustes interativos que a língua necessita sejam efetivados em aprendizagem.
Integration of Bioinformatics and in vitro Analysis Reveal Anti-leishmanial Effects of Azithromycin and Nystatin
Authors: Jehangir Irum , Ahmad Syed Farhan , Jehangir Maryam , Jamal Anwar , Khan Momin 
Published: December 2018

Background:
Leishmaniasis is the major cause of mortality in under-developed countries.
One of the main problems in leishmaniasis is the limited number of drug options, resistance
and side effects. Such a situation requires to study the new chemical series with anti-leishmanial
activity.

Objective:
To assess the anti-leishmanial activity of antibacterial and antifungal drugs.

Methods:
We have applied an integrative approach based on computational and in vitro methods
to elucidate the efficacy of different antibacterial and antifungal drugs against Leishmania tropica
(KWH23). Firstly these compounds were analyzed using in silico molecular docking. This analysis
showed that the nystatin and azithromycin interacted with the active site amino acids of the target
protein leishmanolysin. The nystatin, followed by azithromycin, produced the lowest binding energies
indicating their inhibitive activity against the target. The efficacy of the docked drugs was
further validated in vitro which showed that our bioinformatics based predictions completely
agreed with experimental results. Stock solutions of drugs, media preparation and parasites cultures
were performed according to the standard in-vitro protocol.

Results:
We found that the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of dosage form of
nystatin (10,000,00 U) and pure nystatin was 0.05701 µM and 0.00324 µM respectively. The IC50
value of combined azithromycin and nystatin (dosage and pure form) was 0.156 µg/ml and 0.0023
µg /ml (0.00248 µM) respectively. It was observed that IC50 value of nystatin is better than
azithromycin and pure form of drugs had significant activity than the dosage form of drugs.

Conclusion:
From these results, it was also proven that pure drugs combination result is much better
than all tested drugs results. The results of both in vitro and in silico studies clearly indicated
that comparatively, nystatin is the potential candidate drug in combat against Leishmania tropica.
Advances in the Prediction of Protein Subcellular Locations with Machine Learning
Authors: Zhang Ting-He , Zhang Shao-Wu 
Published: December 2018

Background:Revealing the subcellular location of a newly discovered protein can bring insight into their function and guide research at the cellular level. The experimental methods currently used to identify the protein subcellular locations are both time-consuming and expensive. Thus, it is highly desired to develop computational methods for efficiently and effectively identifying the protein subcellular locations. Especially, the rapidly increasing number of protein sequences entering the genome databases has called for the development of automated analysis methods.Methods:In this review, we will describe the recent advances in predicting the protein subcellular locations with machine learning from the following aspects: i) Protein subcellular location benchmark dataset construction, ii) Protein feature representation and feature descriptors, iii) Common machine learning algorithms, iv) Cross-validation test methods and assessment metrics, v) Web servers.Result & Conclusion:Concomitant with a large number of protein sequences generated by highthroughput technologies, four future directions for predicting protein subcellular locations with machine learning should be paid attention. One direction is the selection of novel and effective features (e.g., statistics, physical-chemical, evolutional) from the sequences and structures of proteins. Another is the feature fusion strategy. The third is the design of a powerful predictor and the fourth one is the protein multiple location sites prediction.
Investigation of the Biological Activities of Different Extracts from Dipsacus laciniatus Aerial Parts
Authors: Taşkın Turgut , Akkılıç Yeliz , Çelik Berna Özbek , Şenkardeş İsmail , Özakpınar Özlem B. 
Published: December 2018

Background:
The aerial parts of Dipsacus laciniatus are traditionally used in the
treatment of colds as cold tea; decoction prepared from its roots and aerial parts are used for the
treatment of diabetes and cancer, respectively. The extraction procedures and solvents are important
steps in the processing of bioactive constituents from the plant materials.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticholinesterase
and cytotoxic activities for the first time in plant’s different extracts.

Methods:
The antioxidant activities of extracts were examined using FRAP and CUPRAC methods,
including total phenolic and flavonoids contents. In addition, the antimicrobial, anticholinesterase
and cytotoxic activities of extracts were investigated using microdilution, Ellman and MTT methods,
respectively.

Results:
In the present study, methanol extract showed stronger iron (III) ion reduction (FRAP) and
copper (II) ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) than other extracts and also contained
higher total phenolic and flavonoid compounds. It was also found that there was a linear relationship
between antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds in this study. It was demonstrated that the
chloroform and methanol extracts showed moderate antimicrobial activity against S. epidermidis and
C. albicans strains. The chloroform extract had a strong and selective cytotoxic activity for the
MCF-7 and HT-29 cell lines, while the methanol extract showed low cytotoxic activity on the same
cell lines. In addition, according to the obtained data, chloroform extract showed a toxic effect on
normal cell line (NIH/3T3), but other extracts showed no toxic effect.

Conclusion:
Since methanol extract has no toxic effect on normal cell line and has strong
antioxidant, anticholinesterase and antimicrobial activity, it is thought that this extract may be useful
as an antioxidant, anticholinesterase and antimicrobial agents in the future.
Decision-Making Model to Evaluate Cloud Computing Service Model Using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Benefits, Costs, Opportunities, and Risks (BCOR) Analysis
Authors: Chawla Nitin , Kumar Deepak 
Published: December 2018

Background & Objective:
Organizations have started evaluating business applications
which are on hosted model. Organizations need not to focus on choosing the deployment model or
buying the hardware or setup infrastructure instead they are choosing business application which are
easily available on SaaS model or platform model. Organizations are analyzing the adoption of
Cloud Computing service models due to reduced the load of IT overheads and to bring agility in deploying
applications. An organization should have the scientific way to choose and identify the right
service model to fulfill its IT and business needs.

Methods:
This research paper focuses on proposing a decision model with the help of Analytic Hierarchy
Process (AHP) and benefit-cost- opportunity-risk (BCOR) analysis to select the appropriate
service models i.e. SaaS or PaaS or IaaS to fulfill the business needs. It suggests a range of key attributes
which act as building blocks of the model based on Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The
model will provide the benefits, cost, opportunity and risks of cloud computing services for the three
service models of cloud computing.

Conclusion:
This study results will be useful for organizations to adopt cloud computing service
model which suites the requirements as well as rapid deployment of the applications.
Recent Patents on Electromachining of Microelectrodes
Authors: Ni Xiaowei , Xie Baocheng , Chen Yongqiu , Wang Yangwei 
Published: December 2018

Background:
Electromachining technology is widely used in micro manufacturing of microshafts,
micro-holes, micro-grooves and other micro three-dimensional structures, which contributes to
the giant demands for tool electrode. More and more attention has been paid on the electromachining of
microelectrodes.

Objective:
To meet the increasing requirement of machining quality and machining efficiency of
electromachining of microelectrodes, the processing devices and processing methods of
electromachining of microelectrodes are continuously improved.

Methods:

This paper reviews various current representative patents related to the processing devices
and processing methods of electromachining of microelectrodes.

Results:
Through comparing different kinds of processing devices and processing methods of electromachining
of microelectrodes, the main problems in the current development such as machining efficiency
and machining quality of electromachining of micro electrode are concluded and analyzed, and
the future development trends of processing devices and processing methods of electromachining of
microelectrodes are discussed.

Conclusion:
The optimization of processing devices and processing methods of electromachining of
microelectrodes is advantageous for solving the problems of machining efficiency and machining quality,
and more relevant patents will be invented in the future.
A Novel Simplified AES Algorithm for Lightweight Real-Time Applications: Testing and Discussion
Authors: Qasaimeh Malik , Al-Qassas Raad S. , Mohammad Fida , Aljawarneh Shadi 
Published: December 2018

Background:
Lightweight cryptographic algorithms have been the focus of many researchers
in the past few years. This has been inspired by the potential developments of lightweight
constrained devices and their applications. These algorithms are intended to overcome the limitations
of traditional cryptographic algorithms in terms of exaction time, complex computation and energy
requirements.

Methods:
This paper proposes LAES, a lightweight and simplified cryptographic algorithm for constricted
environments. It operates on GF(24), with a block size of 64 bits and a key size of 80-bit. While
this simplified AES algorithm is impressive in terms of processing time and randomness levels. The
fundamental architecture of LAES is expounded using mathematical proofs to compare and contrast it
with a variant lightweight algorithm, PRESENT, in terms of efficiency and randomness level.

Results:
Three metrics were used for evaluating LAES according to the NIST cryptographic applications
statistical test suite. The testing indicated competitive processing time and randomness level of
LAES compared to PRESENT.

Conclusion:
The study demonstrates that LAES achieves comparable results to PRESENT in terms
of randomness levels and generally outperform PRESENT in terms of processing time.
A Model for Entrepreneurial Intention in University Students of Mexico
Authors: Ríos-Manríquez Martha , Pérez-Rendón Lizbeth , González-Martínez Rocío 
Published: December 2018

Background:
Universities have shown to directly influence entrepreneurial activity in students [4-6], since they are concerned for the students to develop their entrepreneurial spirit [1-3], promoting Entrepreneurial Intention in University Students (EIUS).

Objective:
Therefore, the objective of this research is to determine a model of entrepreneurial intention of Mexican university students (EIUS), performing a multiple regression analysis, by the method of Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), on a sample of 538, with 4 independent variables (Personal and social features, innovative features, performance features and creativity) to determine the influence on the EIUS.

Results and Conclusion:
The results indicate that the four variables proposed in the model are relevant to explain the level of the EIUS, without problems of multicollinearity and discarding the presence of heteroskedasticity with the Breusch-Pagan test; and with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normal distribution test it is determined that the predictor variable of the model does not require more independent variables; the contribution made with this research is of explanatory type, offering an elucidation of the empirical observations that characterize the university system in which the study was conducted.
THE USE OF NEURAL NETWORKS FOR THE AUTOMATIC ANALYSIS OF ELECTROCARDIOGRAMS IN DIAGNOSIS OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
Authors: Kachayeva G. I. , Mustafayev A. G. 
Published: December 2018

ObjectivesThe aim of the work is to use neural networks to detect characteristic ECG signals that determine heart rhythm abnormalities and detect the corresponding heart disease. One of the most important factors for the timely provision of medical care is the rapid and accurate obtaining of information about the patient's state of health. The timeliness of diagnosis is often the main factor determining the patient's prognosis. While the accuracy of cardiological diagnosis has significantly increased in recent years due to the wide application of both instrumental and laboratory research methods, the percentage of diagnostic errors in cardiology remains high. Electrocardiography (ECG) consists ina non-invasive process of interpreting the electrical activity of the heart, allowing the speed and regularity of the heartbeat to be assessed. These data are then used to determine any heart defects or pathologies. However, automatic ECG analysis remains a challenging theoretical and practical task.MethodsA MATLAB 8.6 (R2015b) Neural Network Toolbox was used to simulate artificial neural networksduring the design. A backpropagation algorithm was used for trainingthe neural network. The efficiency of the developed neural network model for ECG analysis was investigated using the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database.ResultsThe accuracy of detection and extraction of the components of the ECG signal shows that the developed neural network model can be successfully used to detect heart diseases among patients. The sensitivity of the model was 71%, with a specificity of 89%. The elaboration of existing and development of new methods for processing electrocardiographic data allow the problem of timely diagnosis and prevention of cardiovascular diseases to be solvedat early stages of their detection.ConclusionThe accuracy of detection and extraction of the ECG signal components shows that the developed neural network model can be used to detect heart diseases among patients.
METHODOLOGY FOR ACCOUNTING THE INFLUENCE OF METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS ON THE EFFICIENCY OF APPLICATION OF UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES ON THE BASIS OF SYSTEM ANALYSIS
Authors: Kuznetsov I. E. , Melnikov A. V. , Rogozin E. A. , Strashko O. V. 
Published: December 2018

ObjectivesThe aim of the study is to increase the effectiveness of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in the context of destabilising meteorological factors on the basis of an identification of links and patterns of unmanned aerial vehicles operating in difficult weather conditions.MethodsIn this work, in order to account for the effect of meteorological factors on the effectiveness of unmanned aerial vehicles, the methods of system analysis, mathematical modelling of atmospheric phenomena and processes, as well as probability theory and statistical assessment, were applied.ResultAn analysis of open literature sources devoted to the issues of operation and practical application of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) under the influence of environmental factors was carried out. A classification of destabilising influences (DI) affecting the performance of a UAV flight mission is developed and presented. The dynamic probabilistic indicator, which, in characterising the dynamics of UAV functions as a complex technical system is referred to as “time efficiency of the UAV flight mission”, is substantiated. A methodology for estimating the dynamic efficiency indicator of the UAV’s functionality during the performance of a flight mission (FM) underDI conditions is developed on the basisof a probabilistic model of the conflicting interaction between UAV and DI. Strategies for selecting the trajectories of flights around local zones in which UAVs can be influenced by DI are given. To estimate the DI intensity and determine the size of the local disturbance zone, a mathematical model is proposed, whose application makes it possible to improve the UAV functioning under complex meteorological conditions (CMC) by taking into account the information on the space-time variability of dangerous for UAV weather-related phenomena (DWP). In the process of constructing the UAV functioning model, the use of conflict theory methods permitted adequate models for the analysis and evaluation of the dynamic efficiency indicator of the UAV functioning during the performance of FM in DI conditions to be developed, as well as the patterns of meteorological factors influencing the effectiveness of the UAV application to be revealed.ConclusionThe methodology proposed in the article makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) under complex meteorological conditions by a time index of 20-30% as compared with traditional approaches.