bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real-Time Middleware for Cyber-Physical Event Processing
Authors: Wang Chao , Gill Christopher , Lu Chenyang 
Published: August 2019

Cyber-physical systems (CPS) involve tight integration of cyber (computation) and physical domains, and both the effectiveness and correctness of a cyber-physical system application may rely on successful enforcement of constraints such as bounded latency and temporal validity subject to physical conditions. For many such systems (e.g., edge computing in the Industrial Internet of Things), it is desirable to enforce such constraints within a common middleware service (e.g., during event processing). In this article, we introduce CPEP, a new real-time middleware for <underline>c</underline>yber-<underline>p</underline>hysical <underline>e</underline>vent <underline>p</underline>rocessing, with (1) extensible support for complex event processing operations, (2) execution prioritization and sharing, (3) enforcement of time consistency with load shedding, and (4) efficient memory management and concurrent data processing. We present the design, implementation, and empirical evaluation of CPEP and show that it can (1) support complex operations needed by many applications, (2) schedule data processing according to consumers’ priority levels, (3) enforce temporal validity, and (4) reduce processing delay and improve throughput of time-consistent events.
Risk versus Benefit of Chemoprevention among Raloxifene and Tamoxifen Users with a Family History of Breast Cancer
Authors: Anderson Chelsea , Nichols Hazel B. , House Melissa , Sandler Dale P. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Tamoxifen and raloxifene have been approved for the primary prevention of breast cancer in high-risk women, but are associated with an increased risk of serious side effects. Few studies have characterized risk–benefit profiles for chemoprevention among women who initiate tamoxifen or raloxifene outside of a clinical trial setting. Use of raloxifene and tamoxifen for chemoprevention was self-reported in 2014 to 2016 by participants in The Sister Study, a prospective cohort of women with a sister who had been diagnosed with breast cancer. After exclusions, 432 current raloxifene users and 96 current tamoxifen users were matched to 4,307 and 953 nonusers, respectively, on age and year of cohort enrollment. Conditional logistic regression was used to evaluate characteristics associated with chemoprevention use. Risk–benefit profiles were examined using published indices that assess the level of evidence (none, moderate, strong) that the benefits of chemoprevention outweigh the risk of serious side effects. Among current chemoprevention users, 44% of tamoxifen users and 5% of raloxifene users had no evidence of a net benefit. In analyses of factors associated with chemoprevention use, having strong evidence of benefit was a significant predictor of raloxifene use, but not of tamoxifen use. In our sample of women with a first-degree family history of breast cancer, raloxifene was more commonly used for breast cancer prevention than tamoxifen. Most raloxifene users, but &lt;60% of tamoxifen users, were likely to benefit. Use of risk–benefit tables can help women and their healthcare providers make an informed decision about breast cancer chemoprevention.
Le symbolisme de l’analogie proustienne
Authors: Adham Mouad 
Published: August 2019

Les figures d’analogie dans À la recherche du temps perdu de Marcel Proust sont un support du symbolisme implicite et de ce qui n’est pas exprimé au sens propre. En effet, la plume proustienne recourt à des métaphores qui se réfèrent au règne animal pour décrire la médiocrité et l’absurdité du mode de vie des aristocrates et de la haute société européenne. Lorsque le thème de la métaphore représente un aristocrate, le phore de la même figure désigne un animal et invite le lecteur par conséquent à déchiffrer les intentions implicites du texte. Grâce au classement des figures animales recensées, nous avons constaté que la critique implicite des aristocrates et des grands bourgeois se fait par une identification aux corps des animaux, à des parties de leur corps ou à leur geste. Le symbolisme de ces figures permet d’insinuer une pensée cachée dans le texte et qui peut être celle de Proust lui-même qui vivait et admirait jadis les grandes réceptions aristocratiques avant de se retirer de ce monde et se consacrer à la réalisation de son œuvre.
Three new species of Ochyrocera (Araneae, Ochyroceratidae) from Southeastern Brazil
Authors: CASTANHEIRA PEDRO DE SOUZA , PÉREZ-GONZÁLEZ ABEL , PRADO ANDRÉ WANDERLEY DO , BAPTISTA RENNER LUIZ CERQUEIRA 
Published: August 2019

Three new species of the six-eyed haplogyne and ecribellate spiders from the genus Ochyrocera Simon, 1891 are illustrated and described based on males and females from southeastern Brazil: Ochyrocera tinocoi new species (Sooretama, Espírito Santo state), Ochyrocera garayae new species (Linhares and Sooretama, Espírito Santo state) and Ochyrocera itatinga new species (Rio de Janeiro city, Rio de Janeiro state). The new species expand the distribution range of Ochyrocera in Brazil and increase to 50 the total number of species described, from which hitherto 33 species occur in South America, acknowledging the high diversity of the genus for the region.
Revision of the species-group of Mischocyttarus (Omega) filiformis (de Saussure 1854), with description of three new species (Hymenoptera, Vespidae)
Authors: BORGES RAFAEL CABRAL , SILVEIRA ORLANDO TOBIAS 
Published: August 2019

A taxonomic revision of the species-group related to M. filiformis (Saussure 1854) is presented along with an identification key to species. After Richards (1978) and following the rearrangement of the subgenus Omega de Saussure by Silveira (2008), the species-group considered herein included three species in addition to M. filiformis; i.e. M. buyssoni (Ducke 1906), M. napoensis Richards 1978 and M. omicron Richards 1978. In the present work, three new species are added: M. nazgul sp. nov.; M. asahi sp. nov.; M. kallindusfloren sp. nov.; the male of M. filiformis is also described here in detail for the first time, and new distributional records are provided for the included species.
Reduction in postoperative hypoparathyroidism following carbon nanoparticle suspension injection combined with parathyroid gland vasculature preservation
Authors: Yin Chuanchang , Wang Xiaoyan , Sun Shengrong 
Published: August 2019

Objective We evaluated the effectiveness of carbon nanoparticle suspension injection combined with parathyroid gland vasculature preservation to identify and preserve the parathyroid gland to reduce postoperative hypoparathyroidism following thyroidectomy. Material and Methods Fifty patients with thyroid tumors received carbon nanoparticle suspension injection combined with parathyroid gland vasculature preservation (group A). Serum calcium and PTH levels were recorded and compared with those of 50 control patients who underwent a standard thyroidectomy procedure (group B). Results The serum calcium level in group A was significantly higher than that in group B at day 1 (2.20 ± 0.02 vs 2.11 ± 0.03 mmol/L) and day 30 (2.27 ± 0.01 vs 2.21 ± 0.02 mmol/L) after surgery. The PTH level in group A was also significantly higher than that in group B at day 1 (33.5 ± 2.36 vs. 25.31 ± 2.98 pg/mL) after surgery. The incidence of hypoparathyroidism was significantly higher in group B than in group A at day 1 after surgery (19 vs. 7 patients). Conclusion When combined with parathyroid gland vasculature preservation, carbon nanoparticle suspension injection can effectively reduce the incidence of temporary parathyroidism following thyroid surgery.
Why Do Indian Companies Repurchase Their Shares?
Authors: Arora Ravinder Kumar 
Published: August 2019

The study explores the share repurchase behaviour of Indian firms in the context of many hypotheses propounded in the existing literature related to share repurchases. The sample consists of non-financial firms comprised in the S&P BSE-500 Index for the period 2003–2017. The repurchase sample consists of 115 repurchases. A Tobit regression model is used to identify firm characteristics associated with repurchasing firms. Unlike prior studies in India, this study finds strong evidence of share undervaluation as the main motive for the Indian companies to repurchase shares. The share repurchasing companies in the sample (excluding those that have repurchased shares in the year 2017) have provided an average return of nearly 60 per cent during the year after the repurchase. The findings of the study can be used by fund managers and investors for stock picking.
Challenges to and strategies for recruiting chronic care dyads into intervention research
Authors: Whitlatch Carol J , Orsulic-Jeras Silvia , Johnson Justin 
Published: August 2019

Objectives Recruiting and enrolling appropriate participants into research trials for chronic illness populations can be challenging and time intensive. Successful recruitment requires a variety of strategies that may change as the study progresses. This paper reports on the challenges of and actions taken for recruiting and enrolling into research families living with chronic illnesses. Methods We draw on our experiences from over 20 years of research enrolling older adults and their family caregivers (care dyads) into psychosocial research trials. Barriers and actions taken to challenges of recruiting care dyads are presented that can help future investigators meet their recruitment goals in a timely and efficient manner. Results Despite efforts of an Advisory Committee, numerous community partnerships, and other attempts to boost enrollment, our recruitment goals were not met. Barriers to meeting these goals are described (e.g. partner site staff turnover, lack of site “champion”) and potential actions taken. Discussion This paper examines the challenges experienced recruiting appropriate chronic illness dyads into a psychosocial intervention as well as the various recruitment strategies that were used in an attempt to reach recruitment goals.
Patient Feedback on a Warfarin Action Plan Used in a Local Australian Physician Practice Setting
Authors: Yiu Angela W.P. , Lee Vincent W. , Ng Kingsley K. , Bajorek Beata V. 
Published: August 2019

Background:Warfarin is a high-risk medicine, and older persons (those aged 65 years and older)1,2who take this therapy need medicines information about it that is at a level which is both understandable and comprehensive to improve their knowledge about the risks and benefits of warfarin therapy.3,4Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to report patient feedback on a Warfarin Action Plan (WAP) (leaflet) and identify patients’ preferences regarding its content and format. The secondary objective was to canvass in-depth feedback regarding the participants’ information needs and current information-seeking practices with respect to warfarin therapy.Method:In an Australian General Practice medical centre setting, a qualitative study comprising 34 individual interviews was conducted. Emergent themes were elicited via a qualitative analysis using manual inductive coding.Results:The majority of participants gave very positive feedback on the WAP leaflet, stating that it was a useful and concise resource. In canvasing this feedback, 4 themes emerged: (1) the need for information about warfarin therapy, (2) reliance on doctors and/or pharmacists for information, (3) the need for information to normalize their daily life, and (4) patients and carers acting on the new information.Conclusion:The WAP is a simple and well-received tool that meets the knowledge and education needs about warfarin therapy for older people and their carers.
Primary prophylaxis of hepatic encephalopathy in decompensated cirrhosis: Low dose vs. full dose rifaximin
Authors: Sarwar Shahid , Muhyuddin Bushra , Aleem Abdul , Nadeem Muhammad Arif 
Published: August 2019

Objective: To compare efficacy of high vs low dose rifaximin for primary prophylaxis of portosystemic encephalopathy (PSE) in decompensated liver cirrhosis.
Methods: In a quasi-experimental double blind randomized study at Services Institute of Medical Sciences (SIMS), Lahore from August 2017 to August 2018, patients of decompensated cirrhosis with no previous PSE were randomized to receive twice daily rifaximin 200mg in Group-A and 550mg in Group-B. Patients were followed for 6 months for development of PSE.
Results: In 75 included patients, mean age was 53.8(±10.7) years and male/female ratio was 0.97/1(37/38). After randomization, 34 (45.3%) patients were included in Group-A and 41 (54.7%) patients in Group-B. During 6 month follow up 24 (32%) patients developed PSE, 12 (35.2%) in Group-A and 12 (29.2%) in Group-B, difference was not significant (p value 0.57). In 6 months, 13 (17.3%) patient died, 6 (17.6%) in Group-A and 7 (17.07%) patients in Group-B, difference not significant (p value 0.94). Patients who died had higher bilirubin (p < 0.00), higher serum creatinine (p 0.05), high CTP score (p 0.04) and worse MELD score (p 0.004).
Conclusion: Rifaximin is not effective for primary prophylaxis of overt hepatic encephalopathy in decompensated cirrhosis patients.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.549
How to cite this:Sarwar S, Muhyuddin B, Aleem A, Nadeem MA. Primary prophylaxis of hepatic encephalopathy in decompensated cirrhosis: Low dose vs. full dose rifaximin. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(5):1446-1450. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.549
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
An interactive data visualisation application to investigate nosocomial transmission of infections
Authors: Smith Catherine M. , Allen David J. , Nawaz Sameena , Kozlakidis Zisis , Nastouli Eleni , Hayward Andrew , Ward Katherine N. 
Published: August 2019

Background: Healthcare-associated infections represent a major threat to patient, staff and visitor safety. Identification of episodes that are likely to have resulted from nosocomial transmission has important implications for infection control. Routinely collected data on ward admissions and sample dates, combined with pathogen genomic information could provide useful insights. We describe a novel, open-source, application for visualising these data, and demonstrate its utility for investigating nosocomial transmission using a case study of a large outbreak of norovirus infection. Methods: We developed the application using Shiny, a web application framework for R. For the norovirus case study, cases were defined as patients who had a faecal sample collected at the hospital in a winter season that tested positive for norovirus. Patient demographics and ward admission dates were extracted from hospital systems. Detected norovirus strains were genotyped and further characterised through sequencing of the hypervariable P2 domain. The most commonly detected sub-strain was visualised using the interactive application. Results: There were 156 norovirus-positive specimens collected from 107 patients. The most commonly detected sub-strain affected 30 patients in five wards. We used the interactive application to produce three visualisations: a bar chart, a timeline, and a schematic ward plan highlighting plausible transmission links. Visualisations showed credible links between cases on the elderly care ward. Conclusions: Use of the interactive application provided insights into transmission in this large nosocomial outbreak of norovirus, highlighting where infection control practices worked well or could be improved. This is a flexible tool that could be used for investigation of any infection in any hospital by interactively changing parameters. Challenges include integration with hospital systems for extracting data. Prospective use of this application could inform better infection control in real time.
C57BL/6 and 129 inbred mouse strains differ in Gbp2 and Gbp2b expression in response to inflammatory stimuli in vivo
Authors: Clough Barbara , Finethy Ryan , Khan Rabia T. , Fisch Daniel , Jordan Sarah , Patel Harshil , Coers Jörn , Frickel Eva-Maria 
Published: August 2019

Background: Infections cause the production of inflammatory cytokines such as Interferon gamma (IFNγ). IFNγ in turn prompts the upregulation of a range of host defence proteins including members of the family of guanylate binding proteins (Gbps). In humans and mice alike, GBPs restrict the intracellular replication of invasive microbes and promote inflammation. To study the physiological functions of Gbp family members, the most commonly chosen in vivo models are mice harbouring loss-of-function mutations in either individual Gbp genes or the entire Gbp gene cluster on mouse chromosome 3. Individual Gbp deletion strains differ in their design, as some strains exist on a pure C57BL/6 genetic background, while other strains contain a 129-derived genetic interval encompassing the Gbp gene cluster on an otherwise C57BL/6 genetic background. Methods: To determine whether the presence of 129 alleles of paralogous Gbps could influence the phenotypes of 129-congenic Gbp-deficient strains, we studied the expression of Gbps in both C57BL/6J and 129/Sv mice following in vivo stimulation with adjuvants and after infection with either Toxoplasma gondii or Shigella flexneri. Results: We show that C57BL/6J relative to 129/Sv mice display moderately elevated expression of Gbp2, but more prominently, are also defective for Gbp2b (formerly Gbp1) mRNA induction upon immune priming. Notably, Toxoplasma infections induce robust Gbp2b protein expression in both strains of mice, suggestive of a Toxoplasma-activated mechanism driving Gbp2b protein translation. We further find that the higher expression of Gbp2b mRNA in 129/Sv mice correlates with a gene duplication event at the Gbp2b locus resulting in two copies of the Gbp2b gene on the haploid genome of the 129/Sv strain. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate functional differences between 129 and C57BL/6 Gbp alleles which need to be considered in the design and interpretation of studies utilizing mouse models, particularly for phenotypes influenced by Gbp2 or Gbp2b expression.
The efficacy of <i>Chondrostereum purpureum</i> against sprouting of deciduous species after mechanized pre-commercial thinning
Authors: Laine Tiina , Hamberg Leena , Saarinen Veli-Matti , Saksa Timo 
Published: August 2019

The use of a white-rot fungus, (Pers. Ex Fr.) Pouzar, as a biocontrol agent against sprouting has been studied with good results. The aim of the study was to investigate the efficacy of two pre-commercial thinning machines, TehojÃ¤tkÃ¤ and Mense, to spread an inoculum of as a biocontrol agent on freshly cut birch ( Roth and Ehrh.), European aspen ( L.), rowan ( L.), and goat willow ( L.) stumps (the fungal treatment) and compare that to the control (cutting only, done by TehojÃ¤tkÃ¤). Efficacy was investigated in terms of stump mortality and the number of sprouts per stump. This study was conducted in one stand and sprouting was investigated for three years after treatment. The fungal treatment resulted in higher mortality of stumps (34.0% for TehojÃ¤tkÃ¤ and 41.5% for Mense after three years), compared to the control (13.4%). However, the fungal treatment did not decrease the number of sprouts per stump compared to the control. The low occurrence of basidiomata indicates that the accuracy of the spreading mechanism was not satisfactory, causing low mortality figures for the fungal treatment compared to previous studies. In the future, this mechanized method may provide a promising alternative in sprout control if the spreading mechanisms, the accuracy of the treatment, and consequently the efficacy could be improved.Chondrostereum purpureumC. purpureumBetula pendulaB. pubescensPopulus tremulaSorbus aucupariaSalix caprea
Organizational climate, organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and employee performance
Authors: Sugiarto Irwan 
Published: August 2019

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between organizational climate, organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and employee performance. Particularly, we examine the effect of organizational climate and organizational commitmenton job satisfaction. Furthermore, we also test the effect of job satisfaction on employee performance.Results of path analysis on 90 respondents showsopports for all hypotheses. Partially, organizational climate and organizational commitment have positive effect on job satisfaction. Simultaneously, organizational climate and organizational commitment positivelyaffect job satisfaction. In addition, job satisfaction has positive effect on employee performance.
Design and analysis of the flange-bolted joint with respect to required tightness and strength
Authors: Jaszak Przemysław , Adamek Konrad 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The paper presents the method of design and strength analysis of the flange-gasketed-bolted joint. In the first part, analytical calculations were carried out. Their purpose was to determine the assembly torque of nuts to achieve the desired tightness. The flanged joint designated as DN100 PN40 with two different gaskets was taken into consideration. The analytical calculations were performed in accordance with the algorithm included in PN EN 1591-1. In the further step, the numerical calculations were carried out to support the analytical results. The outcome of these calculations were maps of the contact stress distribution on the gasket surface, estimation of safety factors of individual joint elements as well as determination of the flange rotation. Data from the numerical calculations were compared with the analytical results, which confirmed their satisfactory compliance. In the last stage, the experimental tests of the joint were carried out. The main results of the test were the measured values of the leakage level, tightening force of the bolt and estimated safety factors. An indirect result of the experimental measurements were maps of the stress distribution on the contact surface of the gasket, which were determined by means of the measuring film. Ultimately, based on the experimental results, it was found that the proposed analytical method of calculation and simulation of the joint by means of the finite element method was a very good tool for the design of the joint at the required tightness level.
New speakers, new language: on being a legitimate speaker of a minority language in Provence
Authors: Costa James 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This article looks at the “new speaker” concept and the questions it raises in terms of legitimacy from the point of view of several types of social actors, namely language advocates, academics and school pupils (that is to say, “new speakers” themselves). The aim of this article is to show that this notion is not a purely descriptive one, but also carries a strong prescriptive loading – which in turns requires that minority language learners negotiate their participation in linguistic markets. Based on fieldwork in Provence, I look at how “new speakers” are often construed as speakers of “new languages”, “standard” or “artificial” languages that tend to index youth, urbanity, modernity and middle class membership – all qualities which may be seen as undesirable in parts of minority language movements. I then turn to pupils of an Occitan bilingual primary school in Provence and analyse how they reframe the new speaker debate in order for themselves to fit in the broader picture of Occitan speakers. All the viewpoints I analyse tend to emphasise the weight that the traditional, monolingual speaker still holds among speakers of minority languages in southern France.