bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potassic-jeanlouisite from Leucite Hill, Wyoming, USA, ideally K(NaCa)(Mg4Ti)Si8O22O2: the first species of oxo amphibole in the sodium–calcium subgroup
Authors: Oberti Roberta , Boiocchi Massimo , Hawthorne Frank C. , Della Ventura Giancarlo , Färber Gunnar 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPotassic-jeanlouisite, ideally K(NaCa)(Mg4Ti)Si8O22O2, is the first characterised species of oxo amphibole related to the sodium–calcium group, and derives from potassic richterite via the coupled exchange CMg–1W${\rm OH}_{{\rm \ndash 2}}^{\ndash}{} ^{\rm C}{\rm Ti}_1^{{\rm 4 +}} {} ^{\rm W}\!{\rm O}_2^{2\ndash} $. The mineral and the mineral name were approved by the International Mineralogical Association Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification, IMA2018-050. Potassic-jeanlouisite was found in a specimen of leucite which is found in the lava layers, collected in the active gravel quarry on Zirkle Mesa, Leucite Hills, Wyoming, USA. It occurs as pale yellow to colourless acicular crystals in small vugs. The empirical formula derived from electron microprobe analysis and single-crystal structure refinement is: A(K0.84Na0.16)Σ1.00B(Ca0.93Na1.02Mg0.04${\rm Mn}_{{\rm 0}{\rm. 01}}^{2 +} $)Σ2.00C(Mg3.85${\rm Fe}_{{\rm 0}{\rm. 16}}^{2 +} $Ni0.01${\rm Fe}_{{\rm 0}{\rm. 33}}^{3 +} {\rm V}_{{\rm 0}{\rm. 01}}^{3 +} $Ti0.65)Σ5.01T(Si7.76Al0.09Ti0.15)Σ8.00O22W[O1.53F0.47]Σ2.00. The holotype crystal is biaxial (–), with α = 1.674(2), β = 1.688(2), γ = 1.698(2), 2Vmeas. = 79(1)° and 2Vcalc. = 79.8°. The unit-cell parameters are a = 9.9372(10), b = 18.010(2), c = 5.2808(5) Å, β = 104.955(2)°, V = 913.1(2) Å3, Z = 2 and space group C2/m. The strongest eight reflections in the powder X-ray pattern [d values (in Å) (I) (hkl)] are: 2.703 (100) (151); 3.380 (87) (131); 2.541 (80) ($\bar 2$02); 3.151 (70) (310); 3.284 (68) (240); 8.472 (59) (110); 2.587 (52) (061); 2.945 (50) (221,$\bar 1$51).
The occupations at increased risk of COPD: analysis of lifetime job-histories in the population-based UK Biobank Cohort
Authors: De Matteis Sara , Jarvis Deborah , Darnton Andrew , Hutchings Sally , Sadhra Steven , Fishwick David , Rushton Lesley , Cullinan Paul 
Published: June 2019

Occupational exposures are important, preventable causes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Identification of COPD high-risk jobs is key to focus preventive strategies, but a definitive job-list is unavailable.We addressed this issue by evaluating the association of lifetime job-histories and lung function data in the population-based UK Biobank cohort, whose unprecedented sample size allowed analyses restricted to never-smokers to rule out the most important confounder, tobacco smoking. COPD was spirometrically defined as forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity ratio below the lower limit of normal. Lifetime job-histories were collectedviaOSCAR (Occupations Self-Coding Automatic Recording), a new validated online tool that automatically codes jobs into the UK Standard Occupational Classification v.2000. Prevalence ratios for COPD by employment duration in each job compared to lifetime office workers were estimated using robust Poisson regression adjusted for age, sex, centre and smoking. Only associations confirmed among never-smokers and never-asthmatics were considered reliable.From the 116 375 participants with complete job-histories, 94 551 had acceptable/repeatable spirometry data and smoking information and were included in the analysis. Six occupations showed an increased COPD risk among never-smokers and never-asthmatics; most of these also with positive exposure-response trends. Interesting new findings included sculptors, gardeners and warehouse workers.COPD patients, especially never-smokers, should be asked about their job-history for better disease management. Focussed preventive strategies in COPD high-risk jobs are warranted.
ERS statement on chest imaging in acute respiratory failure
Authors: Chiumello Davide , Sferrazza Papa Giuseppe Francesco , Artigas Antonio , Bouhemad Belaid , Grgic Aleksandar , Heunks Leo , Markstaller Klaus , Pellegrino Giulia M. , Pisani Lara , Rigau David , Schultz Marcus J. , Sotgiu Giovanni , Spieth Peter , Zompatori Maurizio , Navalesi Paolo 
Published: June 2019

Chest imaging in patients with acute respiratory failure plays an important role in diagnosing, monitoring and assessing the underlying disease. The available modalities range from plain chest X-ray to computed tomography, lung ultrasound, electrical impedance tomography and positron emission tomography. Surprisingly, there are presently no clear-cut recommendations for critical care physicians regarding indications for and limitations of these different techniques.The purpose of the present European Respiratory Society (ERS) statement is to provide physicians with a comprehensive clinical review of chest imaging techniques for the assessment of patients with acute respiratory failure, based on the scientific evidence as identified by systematic searches. For each of these imaging techniques, the panel evaluated the following items: possible indications, technical aspects, qualitative and quantitative analysis of lung morphology and the potential interplay with mechanical ventilation. A systematic search of the literature was performed from inception to September 2018. A first search provided 1833 references. After evaluating the full text and discussion among the committee, 135 references were used to prepare the current statement.These chest imaging techniques allow a better assessment and understanding of the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of patients with acute respiratory failure, but have different indications and can provide additional information to each other.
Spinal cord injury due to fall from electricity poles after electrocution
Authors: Zeb Amir , Arsh Aatik , Bahadur Sher , Ilyas Syed Muhammad 
Published: June 2019

Objective: The objective of this study was to report epidemiology, complications and rehabilitation outcomes of patients who sustained spinal cord injury (SCI) due to fall from electricity poles after electrocution.
Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in which patients admitted to Paraplegic Centre Peshawar from July 2016 to July 2018 who sustained SCI due to fall from electricity poles after electrocution were included. Of total 852 patients, 39 (4.58%) sustained SCI due to fall from electricity poles after electrocution. Two patients were excluded and data of 37 patients was analyzed.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 35.03±13.47 years. Twenty-two (59.4%) patients had associated burns on different parts of body. Twenty-seven (72.9%) had pressure ulcers, 31 (83.8%) had spasticity, 18 (48.6%) had neuropathic pain and 2 (5.4%) had limb amputations due to injury. Mean Spinal cord injury independence measure score at the time of discharge was 53.4±5.7.
Conclusion: SCI due to fall from electricity poles after electrocution is rare however combined effect of injury by electricity along with fall from electricity poles are associated with severe complications. Rehabilitation outcomes in these patients are also minimal.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.4.241
How to cite this:Zeb A, Arsh A, Bahadur S, Ilyas SM. Spinal cord injury due to fall from electricity poles after electrocution. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(4):1036-1039. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.4.241
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
KIF5A and KLC1 expression in Alzheimer’s disease: relationship and genetic influences
Authors: Hares Kelly , Miners Scott , Scolding Neil , Love Seth , Wilkins Alastair 
Published: June 2019

Background: Early disturbances in axonal transport, before the onset of gross neuropathology, occur in a spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease. Kinesin superfamily motor proteins (KIFs) are responsible for anterograde protein transport within the axon of various cellular cargoes, including synaptic and structural proteins. Dysregulated KIF expression has been associated with AD pathology and genetic polymorphisms within kinesin-light chain-1 (KLC1) have been linked to AD susceptibility. We examined the expression of KLC1 in AD, in relation to that of the KLC1 motor complex (KIF5A) and to susceptibility genotypes. Methods: We analysed KLC1 and KIF5A gene and protein expression in midfrontal cortex from 47 AD and 39 control brains. Results: We found that gene expression of both KIF5A and KLC1 increased with Braak tangle stage (0-II vs III-IV and V-VI) but was not associated with significant change at the protein level. We found no effect of KLC1 SNPs on KIF5A or KLC1 expression but KIF5A SNPs that had previously been linked to susceptibility in multiple sclerosis were associated with reduced KIF5A mRNA expression in AD cortex. Conclusions: Future in vitro and in vivo studies are required to understand the cause of upregulated KIF5A and KLC-1 gene expression in AD and any potential downstream consequences on pathogenesis, including any contribution of genetic polymorphisms within the KIF5A gene locus.
Case Report: Purple urine bag syndrome in woman with neurogenic bladder
Authors: Boentoro Senohadi , Utomo Nugroho Budi 
Published: June 2019

Purple urine bag syndrome (PUBS) is a rare phenomenon in patients that is associated with the use of a long-term/indwelling urinary catheter. The purple color results from indigo and indirubin, accumulated from bacteria-mediated tryptophan conversion. High risk patients include: the elderly; women; immobilized patients; patients with an indwelling catheter, chronic constipation, alkaline urine or poor hygiene; and those with catheter bags and tubes made of certain types of plastic. We reported PUBS in an elderly woman with an indwelling catheter and chronic constipation which, to our knowledge, was the first case in our hospital. The patient underwent urinary catheter change and received intravenous ciprofloxacin, following which the urine returned to a yellow color and the patient was discharged. This case report describes the diagnosis, management and also strategies for the prevention of PUBS in Gatot Soebroto Army Hospital, Indonesia.
Attitude of nurses towards euthanasia: a cross-sectional study in Iran
Authors: Safarpour Hamid , Keykha Roghayeh , Varasteh Saeideh , Sargazi Venus , Mirmortazavi Mahan , Tavakolian Najmeh 
Published: June 2019

Background: Nurses play a major role in providing end-of-life care, and euthanasia is considered to be one of the most important ethical challenges that care providers can face. Aim: To assess the nurses' attitude towards euthanasia in Iran. Methods: The cross-sectional study included nurses who worked in intensive and critical care, as well as dialysis units of a teaching hospital affiliated to Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, who were selected by the census sampling technique. Data were collected using a two-part questionnaire encompassing the demographic characteristics of nurses and the 20-item Euthanasia Attitude Scale. Results: The overall score of nurses' attitudes towards euthanasia, ranging from one to five, was 2.71±0.45, indicating a negative attitude and opposition towards euthanasia. Alongside this, the results demonstrated that there was no significant relationship between demographic characteristics and nurses' attitudes toward euthanasia. Conclusion: In general, nurses in Iran oppose euthanasia. This can be attributed to the context of religious beliefs and culture in Iran as an Islamic country.
Tobacco and bone fractures
Authors: Hernigou J. , Schuind F. 
Published: June 2019

Objectives The aim of this study was to review the impact of smoking tobacco on the musculoskeletal system, and on bone fractures in particular. Methods English-language publications of human and animal studies categorizing subjects into smokers and nonsmokers were sourced from MEDLINE, The Cochrane Library, and SCOPUS. This review specifically focused on the risk, surgical treatment, and prevention of fracture complications in smokers. Results Smokers have an increased risk of fracture and experience more complications with delayed bone healing, even if they have already stopped smoking, because some adverse effects persist for a prolonged period. Some risks can be reduced during and after surgery by local and general prevention, and smoking cessation is an important factor in lessening this risk. However, if a patient wants to stop smoking at the time of a fracture, the cessation strategies in reducing tobacco use are not easy to implement. The patient should also be warned that using e-cigarettes or other tobaccos does not appear to reduce adverse effects on health. Conclusion The evidence reviewed in this study shows that smoking has a negative effect in terms of the risk and treatment of fractures. Cite this article: J. Hernigou, F. Schuind. Tobacco and bone fractures: A review of the facts and issues that every orthopaedic surgeon should know. Bone Joint Res 2019;8:255–265. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.86.BJR-2018-0344.R1.
O CONCEITO DE TEORIA EM MARX
Authors: Müller Leonardo André Paes 
Published: June 2019

O presente artigo visa explorar a revolução na relação entre teoria e práticapromovida por Marx. Isso é feito a partir da reconstituição de sua crítica à filosofia de Hegel, onde já se encontra uma concepção crítica dessa relação em que a necessidade de se focar no processo de constituição do objeto do conhecimento é enfatizada, mas que ainda o apreende de modo abstrato. Os textos de juventude de Marx demonstram as várias tentativas dele em encontrar um modo de abarcar esse objeto de forma mais consistente, o que será alcançado com a formulação do conceito de modo de produção, em A ideologia alemã, e plenamente desenvolvido com sua crítica ao fetichismo da mercadoria, em O Capital.
LIBERDADE COMO ESSÊNCIA HUMANA: O PROBLEMA DO SUJEITO NO JOVEM MARX
Authors: Arão Cristian 
Published: June 2019

Este artigo possui como objetivo analisar a questão da essência humana na obra do jovem Marx. Apresentando uma perspectiva contrária à ideia da existência de um corte epistemológico que cria duas fases absolutamente distintas na filosofia de Marx, pretende-se argumentar que o conceito de essência desenvolvido nos manuscritos de 1844 constitui-se como um importante fundamento para o materialismo histórico. Dessa forma, é oferecida também uma perspectiva diferente do argumento que defende a existência de um antimaterialismorelacionado ao conceito “essência”. A interpretação da essência humana como liberdade permite compreender que não há nada de extra-material na definição do ser humano, pois a única característica que sempre acompanhará o homem é a capacidade de se autotransformar através da atividade prática.
A yield stability index and its application for crop production
Authors: Bacsi Zsuzsanna , Hollósy Zsolt 
Published: June 2019

A good crop production technology should provide high yields under varying environmental conditions, i.e. keep yield fluctuations small. The magnitude of fluctuations is usually measured by statistical indicators of average dispersion, e.g. the standard deviation. However, while many small fluctuations are usually well tolerated by the farmer, an extreme yield may be a serious risk factor. The present research introduces a yield stability index developed which measures the frequency of extremely high and extremely low yields. The index is tested for 10 countries and 18 crops for 2004-2016, comparing it to 1961-2000, pointing out possible agricultural policy implications.
Cultural differences in food consumption: The experiences of international students
Authors: Németh Nikolett 
Published: June 2019

There is a great variety of foods eaten. It is obvious that foods play a very important role in the daily lives of individual nations. Foods and meals, however, serve not only the living, but also fulfil other functions in the given society. For example, food expression may be part of a social class, reveal income conditions, and express identity. The investigation was carried out on the topic by a qualitative method, in the form of an in-depth interview. The interviews were conducted by master students of the Szent István University in the framework of Multicultural Management subject, with non-Hungarian origin. A total of 65 in-depth interviews were conducted between 2017 and 2018. Interviewees were members of 22 nationalities. During the investigations, the main questions were: What type of food do you consume the most? What factors do you take into consideration when choosing foods? What differences do you find in the habits of the different ethnic groups, especially with regard to their eating habits? Most of the interviewees are interested in compare their diet and cultural traditions to other nations’ and prefer local foods. The study proved that eating habits in Hungary have an impact on the eating habits of foreign students, and they change them in several elements. The study found that dietary choices are a complex decision that has a significant environmental and social impact but need to say, thanks to the strong cultural background the students can keep their sustainable eating values in abroad. Keywords: culture, food choice, consumption
Celâleddîn ed-Devvânî ve Fatiha Sûresi Tefsiri
Authors: ÇİÇEK Mehmet , YILMAZ Esat 
Published: June 2019

Kur’an’ın tarih sahnesine inmesiyle başlayan tefsir faaliyeti, kıyamete kadar devam edecek bir eyleme işaret eder. İşte biz bu makalede Kur’an’a dair yorumlarını işârî tefsir başlığı altında değerlendirebileceğimiz bir simayı, Celâleddîn ed-Devvânî’yi ele alacağız. Makalede Devvânî’nin tefsire dair çalışmalarını öncelikle sunacağız. Devamında Fatiha suresine dair yaptığı tefsiri tespit ettiğimiz yazmalar arasından 6 tanesi ışığında tahkik edeceğiz. Ayrıca Fatiha suresi risalesini değerlendirmeye çalışacağız. Devvânî’nin tefsir çalışmalarına baktığımızda belli bir meseleyi kendisine konu edindiğini söyleyebiliriz. İnceleyeceğimiz Fatiha suresi tefsiri çalışması da bundan âzâde değildir. Şöyle ki sûre iki kısımdan oluşmaktadır. İlk kısmında Allah’ın varlıkla ilişkisine işaret edilirken ikinci kısımda varlığın Allah’la ilişkisi ele alınmaktadır. Devvânî de surenin ilk kısmında Allah’ın zâtı ile sıfatlarını ayırarak sıfatların varlıkla ilişkisinin nasıllığını incelemektedir. İkinci kısımda ise çokluk âleminden Allah’a ulaşmanın imkânını irdelemektedir. Bu meyanda o; ariflere, seyr-i sülûk sahiplerine ve isabet eden istidlal ehline nimet verildiğini söylerken çokluk perdesini aşamayanları Allah’ın yolundan uzaklaşanlar ve sapanlar olarak nitelemektedir.
Fârâbî Felsefesinde Toplum Teması
Authors: Okumuş Ejder 
Published: June 2019

Muallim-i Sânî Ebû Nasr el-Fârâbî (872-951), felsefesinde toplum konusuna ayrı bir önem verir. Eserlerinden de anlaşılabileceği gibi, onun bir toplum teorisyeni olduğu söylenebilir. Zira onun felsefesinde insan ve insanın mutluluğu her şeyin başında gelir. İnsan, tabiatı gereği toplumsal bir varlıktır. Bundan dolayı insanın mutluluğu doğrudan toplum ile ilgilidir. Başka bir ifadeyle toplum hayatının insan için zorunlu olması, insanın mutluluğu konusuyla doğrudan bağlantılıdır. Bu çalışmada araştırmacı, İslam düşünürü Fârâbî’nin felsefesi içinde toplum temasını, topluma bakışını, insan için toplumun anlamına dair yaklaşımını, toplumu tipolojik açıdan ele alışını vd. ana hatlarıyla ele almayı, anlamayı ve anlamlandırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu bağlamda Fârâbî’nin kitaplarına bir bütünlük içinde bakıldığında, onun, insan, mutluluk, medîne, medeniyet, cemaat, ictimâ’, ictimâ’ât, ma’mûra, ihtiyaç, teâvun, riyaset, kavm, ümmet, din ve mille gibi temel kavramlar çerçevesinde bir toplum teorisi ortaya koyduğu görülür.
Atıf ve Şart Delilleri ve Ehl-i Sünnet Kelâm Ekollerinin Gelişim Sürecindeki İzdüşümü
Authors: AYKAÇ Mustafa 
Published: June 2019

Hz. Peygamber’in vefatından sonra halifelik mücadelesinin tetiklediği siyasi olayların inançla ilgili sorunları yaratması nedeniyle iman ve küfrün tanımı, kapsamı, iman-amel ilişkisi gibi sorunlar tartışılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu yüzden Müslüman toplumun kendi içinde aşmaya çalıştığı ilk sorunlardan biri hiç kuşkusuz iman-küfür meselesi olmuştur. Bu itibarla geleneksel fırkaların iman-amel münasebetleri bakımından farklı yaklaşım modelleri geliştirmiş olduğu görülmektedir. Bu ekolleri ‘ameli imana dâhil eden’ ve ‘amel ile imanı birbirinden ayıran’ mezhepler olmak üzere ikiye ayırmak mümkündür. Amel-iman ilişkisine yönelik ileri sürülen fikirler akli ve nakli delillerle temellendirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Amellerin imandan bir parça olmadığı görüşünü kanıtlamak amacıyla kullanılan en kuvvetli deliller dil mantığına dayalı olarak oluşturulan ‘atıf’ ve ‘şart’ delilleridir. Atıf delili, matûf ile matûfun aleyhin; şart delili ise şart ile meşrûtun dil kaideleri gereği birbirinden farklı olduğu esasına dayanan iki delildir. Bu iki delil, zaman bakımından farklılıklarla beraber Ehl-i Sünnet ekolü tarafından kullanılmış delillerdir. Biz makalemizde hem iman meselesinin temellendirilmesinde belirleyici rol oynayan atıf ve şart delillerinin tarihi sürecini hem de bu delillerin Ehl-i Sünnet’in iki kelam ekolünün iman görüşü üzerindeki etkilerini ele almayı ve analiz etmeyi hedefledik. Çalışmamızın sonunda ise bu iki delilin kaynağının Mürcie mezhebi olduğu, tüm Mâturîdîlerin de bu delili kullandığı, ancak ilk Eş’arîlerin bu delilleri kullanmayıp sonraki Eş’arîlerin kullandığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu delillerin kullanılması ile imanın artıp eksilmesi meselesi arasında bağlantı olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Mürcî ve Mâturîdîlerin bu delilleri her zaman kullanmaları onların imanda artma ve eksilmeyi reddettiklerini göstermektedir. Önceki Eş’arîlerin bu delilleri kullanmayıp sonrakilerin kullanmaları ise, Eş’arîlik’te imanın artma ve eksilmesi meselesinde farklı görüşlerin varlığını ve bu konuda bir tekâmül süreci yaşandığını göstermiştir.
Uniwersal Simulation Method for Determining the Maneuverability of Ferry Based on the Example of Ystad Port
Authors: Gucma Lucjan , Gralak Rafał , Muczyński Bartosz , Przywarty Marcin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe paper describes a universal simulation method used by the authors to determine the conditions of safe operation of sea ferries, in terms of marine traffic engineering. The assumptions, simulation experiment and results are described on the example of the m/f Mazovia manoeuvring in the Port of Ystad. Carried out and described in the article simulation study using the present method was aimed to determine the possibility of adapting the propulsion and steering systems of the ferry including:• determination of the wind limits in the Port of Ystad in terms of Mazovia ferry operation;• assessment of the maneuvering safety in a port area and determination of conditions of safe operation with present propulsion and steering systems;• determination of the possibility of adapting the propulsion and steering systems to meet the requirements of the shipowner for the economically efficient and safe operation of the ferry.
The Analysis of Maritime Accidents in 2017
Authors: Mrozowska Alicja , Mrozowski Piotr 
Published: June 2019

AbstractStudy presents the analysis of accidents that took place in marine areas and on board of the sea units in 2017, including: vessel carrying passengers, cargo vessels and offshore drilling and production installations, as well as offshore support vessels. The aim of the article is to indicate a wide spectrum of events related to: total losses of vessels, accidents on boards of the vessels and other accidents which happened in marine areas. The study presents numerous data, which were presented in the form of graphs and tables, based on international reports and own experience gained during work experiences. The analysis also referred to data from previous years to show better spectrum of the present situation.