bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Green Extracts of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. (Lotus): Promising Alternatives for Spodoptera litura (Fab.) Management through Chemical Profiling and Insecticidal Evaluation
Authors: Sriniv P. , Krishnamurthy Natesan , Revathi Kannan , Obaid Sami Al , Aljawdah Hossam M. , Chandrasekaran Prasath Ramasamy 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This study delves into the potential insecticidal properties of Nelumbo nucifera (Lotus) against the cutworm Spodoptera litura L., a significant agricultural pest. Analysis of the chemical profile of N. nucifera revealed that the peak area was highest for 6a-. beta. -Aporphine, 1,2-dimethoxy- (33.79%), followed by n-Hexadecanoic acid (21.14%). Notably, larval mortality was most pronounced at the peak dosage of N. nucifera (2.5 mg/L) on the second (96%), third (87%), and fourth (85%) instars. Additionally, sub-lethal dosages of N. nucifera (1.5 milligrams per liter) significantly hindered the growth of S. litura by extending the larval and pupal durations while also reducing fecundity and Oviposition rates in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, exposure to sub-lethal dosages of N. nucifera led to both inhibition and upregulation of major enzymes (esterases, CYP450 and GST). Severe damage as well as dysregulation of midgut tissues were observed in fourth instars of S. litura exposed to N. nucifera (2.5 milligrams per liter). Moreover, our results indicate that N. nucifera extracts pose no harm to soil earthworms and beneficial honey bees, as confirmed through in vitro assays and in silico predictions, respectively. Overall, these findings offer promising prospects for the development of new bio-based agents for targeting and managing the lepidopteran pest S. litura.
Research on Rock Strength Prediction Model Based on Machine Learning Algorithm
Authors: Ding Xiang , Dong Mengyun , Shen Wanqing 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The compressive strength of rocks is one of its mechanical characteristics. It has been a difficult problem to predict rock compressive strength conveniently and efficiently, and to solve the limitations of traditional rock compressive strength tests such as high cost, long time consumption, and reliability assurance. In this study, a data set containing 1774 groups of rock compressive strength test data was constructed through file retrieval, including 9 input parameters: rock type, temperature, confining pressure, dimension of specimen, shape of specimen, and experimental method. Eight supervised learning algorithms were used to learn the rock compressive strength test data, and eight rock compressive strength prediction models considering multiple factors were established to obtain a better method of predicting rock compressive strength. By selecting different features, the optimal feature combination for predicting rock compressive strength was obtained, and the optimal parameters for different models were obtained through the Sparrow Search Algorithm (SSA). Finally, four regression evaluation indicators, including mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), and coefficient of determination (R²), were used to evaluate the predictive performance of the established regression models. The results showed that the best-trained model had a MAPE as low as 3.61%, MAE as low as 9.19 MPa, and R² as high as 0.995. It is noteworthy that AdaBoost was found to be the best model for predicting rock compressive strength. This study presents a significant advancement in the field by demonstrating the effectiveness of machine learning algorithms in this context, which have not been extensively applied to rock compressive strength predictions. The findings suggest that these models can offer substantial improvements over traditional methods, not only in accuracy but also in operational efficiency. This research is important for geotechnical engineering, as accurate rock strength predictions are critical for the design and stability assessments of construction projects, ultimately contributing to safer and more cost-effective engineering solutions.
IDO1 Inhibitor Enhances the Effectiveness of PD-1 Blockade in Microsatellite Stable Colorectal Cancer by Promoting Macrophage Pro-Inflammatory Phenotype Polarization
Authors: Guangzhao Lv , Xin Wang , Miaoqing Wu , Wenjuan Ma , Ranyi Liu , Zhizhong Pan , Rongxin Zhang , Gong Chen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Microsatellite stable (MSS) colorectal cancer (CRC) is a subtype of CRC that generally exhibits resistance to immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors such as PD-1 blockade. This study investigates the effects and underlying mechanisms of combining PD-1 blockade with IDO1 inhibition in MSS CRC. Bioinformatics analyses of TCGA-COAD and TCGA-READ cohorts revealed significantly elevated IDO1 expression in CRC tumors, correlating with tumor mutation burden across TCGA datasets. In vivo experiments demonstrated that the combination of IDO1 inhibition and PD-1 blockade significantly reduced tumor growth and increased immune cell infiltration, particularly pro-inflammatory macrophages and CD8 + T cells. IDO1 knockdown in CRC cell lines impaired tolerance to interferon-γ and increased apoptosis in vitro, while IDO1 knockdown in MSS CRC enhanced the effectiveness of PD-1 blockade therapy in vivo. IDO1-knockdown CRC cells promoted pro-inflammatory macrophage polarization and enhanced phagocytic activity via the JAK2-STAT3-IL6 signaling pathway. These findings highlight the role of IDO1 in modulating the tumor immune microenvironment in MSS CRC and suggest that combining PD-1 blockade with IDO1 inhibition could enhance therapeutic efficacy by promoting macrophage pro-inflammatory polarization and infiltration through the JAK2-STAT3-IL6 pathway.
Evaluation of fatigue performance of asphalt materials based on their relaxation behavior
Authors: Zhang Beibei , Jing Mengqi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Although the fatigue properties of asphalt materials have been extensively studied, the relationship between the rheological properties and road performance of asphalt mixtures remains underexplored. In this study, we have examined the relaxation properties of asphalt binders through relaxation tests conducted on asphalt and its mastic under different conditions. A repeated stress relaxation-recovery test is designed for assessing both the relaxation and elastic properties, and a set of reasonable test parameters is recommended, thereby establishing a novel test method for measuring the relaxation and elastic behaviors of asphalt. In addition, we have proposed evaluation indexes, such as relaxation time, relaxation rate, and strain recovery rate, to assess the stress relaxation performance and strain recovery ability. It is observed that the relaxation rate and strain recovery rate of the material can be used to characterize the material’s relaxation and elasticity properties, respectively. Thus, the proposed indexes can be used to comprehensively evaluate the viscoelastic performance of the material. The fatigue performance of the selected materials is further examined using the linear amplitude sweep (LAS) test, and the correlation between the relaxation properties and fatigue performance (as indicated by fatigue parameters) is explored. Furthermore, a fatigue performance prediction equation based on the repetitive stress relaxation-recovery test is established. The findings reveal a strong correlation between the relaxation properties and fatigue performance, suggesting that the stress relaxation test can accurately assess the fatigue performance of asphalt materials.
Cognitive performance classification of older patients using machine learning and electronic medical records
Authors: Richter-Laskowska Monika , Sobotnicka Ewelina , Bednorz Adam 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Dementia is anticipated to rise significantly by 2050, posing a huge challenge to the care and health services. Consequently, it is crucial to develop tools that can speed up the process to obtain the right diagnosis. One promising approach is the use of machine learning (ML) algorithms, which show great potential in improving diagnostic accuracy and identifying risk factors for cognitive decline. This study (n = 283) aims to assess various ML techniques in correctly identifying the level of cognitive performance of older patients using data derived from electronic medical records (EMRs). The most influential factors distinguishing healthy controls from those with MCI are history of myocardial infarction, vitamin D3 levels, IADL, age, and sodium levels, while for distinguishing controls from dementia patients, the key factors are IADL, ADL, years of education,vitamin D3 levels, and age. The obtained results indicate that the nonlinear Support vector machine (SVM) is the most effective in discriminating between control subjects and patients with MCI (ACC= 70%; AUC=0.79) and dementia (ACC=87%;AUC=0.94), outperforming other ML models such as Random Forest, K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) and neural networks. It is expected that these results may significantly improve the diagnosis process.
Fecal Microbiome Alterations of Mice Following Immunization with Gold Nanoparticle Vaccines Against Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli
Authors: Bowser Sarah , Chapartegui-González Itziar , Torres Alfredo G. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background. Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC), a group of enteric pathogenic bacteria that is a major cause of human diarrheal disease, must interact with the diverse intestinal microbiome during colonization and subsequently overcome the environmental challenges to survive and cause disease. While this relationship, and how the microbiome modulates infection of EHEC, has been studied, it is less understood how the microbiome is impacted during treatment for an EHEC infection. One area that is notably lacking in knowledge is how vaccination can impact the intestinal microbiome composition, and therefore, influence vaccine efficacy. We previously developed vaccine formulations consisting of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) conjugated to various EHEC antigens and tested them in small animal infection models using both EHEC and its murine counterpart Citrobacter rodentium. The goal of this study was to evaluate the relationship between these EHEC vaccines and their effects on the gut microbiome.
Results. We found that immunization with the vaccines or adjuvant-only control did not lead to major alterations in the composition of the fecal microbiome; however, there were measurable variations in individual mice within the same vaccine group housed in separate cages. Finally, immunization with one vaccine (AuNP-EscC) did prevent a decrease in the diversity of the fecal microbiome and an increase in detectable C. rodentium following infection compared to the control animals.
Conclusions. Overall, our small study argues in favor of evaluating the intestinal microbiome during vaccine development not just for EHEC, but for other enteric pathogens as well.
Mindin orchestrates the macrophage-mediated resolution of liver fibrosis in mice
Authors: Huang Yong dong , Zhao Xian ling , yang Xiao mei Ou , Lin Ying , Cheng Xiao shen , liang Lai ying , Huo Ya ni , Xie Gui jing , Lin Jun hui , Jazag Amarsanaa , Guleng Bayasi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background & Aims:
Liver disease that progresses to cirrhosis is an enormous health problem worldwide. The extracellular matrix protein Mindin is known to have immune functions, but its role in liver homeostasis remains largely unexplored. We aimed to characterize the role of Mindin in the regulation of liver fibrosis.
Approach & Results:
Mindin was upregulated in mice with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) or thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver fibrosis, and was primarily expressed in hepatocytes. Global Mindin knockout mice were generated, which were susceptible to liver fibrosis. Notably, Mindin failed to activate hepatic stellate cells directly; however, it played a role in promoting the recruitment and phagocytosis of macrophages, and caused a phenotypic switch toward restorative macrophages during liver fibrosis. Furthermore, Mindin was found to bind to the αM-I domain of CD11b/CD18 heterodimeric receptors. To further explore this mechanism, we created Mindin and CD11b double-knockout (DKO) mice. In DKO mice, phagocytosis was further reduced, and liver fibrosis was markedly exacerbated.
Conclusions
Mindin promotes the resolution of liver fibrosis and the Mindin/CD11b axis might represent a novel target for the macrophage-mediated regression of liver fibrosis.
Graphical abstract:
New autoimmune disorders after Immune Reconstitution Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Giedraitiene Natasa , Kizlaitiene Rasa , Kaubrys Gintaras 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Immune reconstitution therapy (IRT) is relatively new and highly effective treatment option in Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Uncertainty regarding the autoimmune disorders (AD) after some of the therapies remains. The aim of the study was to assess new AD after IRT in MS patients and to describe the nature of AD and time to it onset. 179 patients with Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis, 37 with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT), 19 with alemtuzumab (ALE) and 123 with cladribine (CLA), over the ten years period were included in the study. AD were observed in 6 patients (16.2%) after AHSCT, in 8 patients (42.1%) after ALE and in 2 patients (1.6%) after CLA treatment. AD develops earliest after CLA tablets, while it develops later after AHSCT. Neurologists should be attentive to the development of secondary AD after IRT in MS patients. The lowest incidence of AD is after CLA and the latest manifestation of AD is after AHSCT except the cytopenias.
Social isolation and loneliness moderate the association between uncorrected hearing impairment and cognitive aging across 18 years
Authors: Lampraki Charikleia , Zuber Sascha , Turoman Nora , Joly-Burra Emilie , Mack Melanie , Laera Gianvito , Scarampi Chiara , Rostekova Adriana , Kliegel Matthias , Ihle Andreas 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Hearing impairment affects a growing number of older adults and is associated with worse cognitive aging outcomes. However, the mechanisms linking hearing impairment and cognition are complex, and the role of potential moderating factors remains underexplored. This study examined whether social isolation and loneliness profiles (e.g., non-isolated but lonely) help explain why some older individuals experience faster cognitive decline as their hearing worsens, while others do not. Using longitudinal data from waves 1 to 9 of the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), we analysed 33,741 individuals (Mage = 61.4, SD = 8.6). Multilevel modelling revealed that both levels and linear and quadratic changes in hearing impairment predicted lower cognitive performance and steeper cognitive decline. Additionally, compared to those who were non-isolated and less lonely, those in the non-isolated but lonelier profile exhibited steeper declines in episodic memory, but not executive functions, with worsening hearing. These findings highlight key psychosocial factors contributing to cognitive decline in the context of hearing impairment, underscoring the importance of targeted social and health interventions to support cognitive health in older adults.
Resilience factors associated with mental health of adolescent learners living with mild and moderate intellectual difficulties
Authors: Warnick Johan Erlank , Munongi Lucia 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Globally, around 14% of adolescents between the ages of 10 and 19 are reported to face mental health issues. However, mild to moderate intellectual disabilities (MMID) are very prevalent among young people affecting between 1–2% of this population. Most research has focused on risk factors associated with MMID in the Global North. There is a dearth of literature on resilience factors among adolescents diagnosed with MMID from the Global South, including South Africa. This study aims to address this gap.
Methods
A descriptive quantitative study investigating the resilience factors among adolescent learners diagnosed with MMID was conducted with 414 learners. The Child and Youth Resilience Measure (CYRM-28) was used to assess the prevailing resilience factors. Participants were conveniently selected from three schools that enrolled learners who had been diagnosed with MMID. The CYRM-28 questionnaire was administered with the support of qualified and trained school psychologists and teachers between August and September 2022.
Results
Caregivers Physical Care (4.27) and Context Education (4.21) factors had the highest mean scores, with the mean scores of Context Cultural (3.97), Individual Social Skills (3.96) and Contextual Spiritual (3.87) in the middle, and Individual Peer Support (3.43), Individual Personal Skills (3,45) and Caregivers Psychological Care (3.69) with lower mean scores than the other factors.
Conclusion
The results show that in most of the CYRM-28 factors, the mean scores indicated that the items were ‘somewhat’ descriptive of the participants indicating no statistically significant differences in all analyses done. These results suggest the need for more attention in those areas to enable them to facilitate resilience for adolescents with MMID.
Characterization and interactions between piperine and ezetimibe in their Anti-hyperlipidemic efficacy using Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics
Authors: Marati Kavitha , Palatheeya Sujatha , Chettupalli Ananda Kumar , Bukke Sarad Pawar Naik 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The antihyperlipidemic action of Ezetimibe (EZ) is influenced by its secondary metabolite, piperine. Independent risk factors for cardiovascular illnesses, including atherosclerosis, include hyperlipidaemia. Preventing cardiovascular events and death in patients requires the use of antihyperlipidemic medications. We set out to find a way to make the BCS II lipid-lowering medication EZ more water-soluble. EZ is now very poorly soluble. Increasing the bioavailability of other medications is possible using piperine, a bioenhancer, without changing their base properties or improving their effectiveness.
Method
At dosages of 10 and 5–20 mg/kg b.w., the antihyperlipidemic efficacy of EZ with piperine was evaluated in vivo. Hyperlipidaemia in rats was tested using rats induced with propylthiouracil and rats administered Triton X-100. Propylthiouracil with piperine, 400 mg/kg body weight, should be administered together. Notably, there were notable increases in the blood concentrations of all three types of cholesterol (lipid levels, LDL, total cholesterol, and very low-density lipoprotein ) (p < 0.01). It resulted in HDL production (p < 0.01). One intraperitoneal Triton X-100 dosage increased lipids.
Results
Lower levels of high-density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) were significantly reduced by EZ at 100 mg/kg b.w. and piperine at 200 mg/kg b.w., respectively (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05). Liver histology studies provided further evidence supporting the present findings. Areas of concentrated periportal lymphocytes and hepatocytes formed a cord pattern in rats with hyperlipidaemia. It seemed like the hepatocytes, periportal area, and centrilobular part of the liver were all normal in the group who had the treatment. An analysis of the EZ plasma drug concentration with time was carried out in a research. The medication's most effective concentration (Cmax) was determined to be within 4 hours after delivery, and The quantified concentration of the active medication was detectable in the bloodstream for 24 hours.
Conclusion
The antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic properties of EZ when combined with piperine are particularly noteworthy. This suggests that EZ may have further applications in the treatment of hyperlipidaemia and atherosclerosis as a result of its capacity to increase the drug's oral absorption and availability.
Optimizing E-voting model based on blockchain technology to enhance privacy and transparency
Authors: Galal Mohamed , Reheem Eman Abd El , Guirguis Shawkat 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Elections are the most effective democratic mechanism for encouraging people to choose their representatives, which significantly impacts a nation's future and the lives of its residents. The election can be organized as traditional paper-based or electronic voting (e-voting). Traditional elections have challenges with privacy, security, transparency, and efficiency. Furthermore, it takes too long to count the votes, and in e-voting, the validity and integrity of the votes cast cannot be trusted by a sizable number of people. Therefore, security and privacy concerns persist. This paper presents e-voting based on blockchain, which provides a decentralized ledger that is distributed, secure, and immutable. Additionally, the proposed system adds layers of encryption to the votes by using AES as a symmetric key and RSA as an asymmetric key to prevent administrators or users who have access to system data from hacking voter privacy or influencing the transparency of the election. The result of the model is the protection of voter privacy and increased transparency in the election process. In several experiments, the transaction timing performance is evaluated and compared with other research results, confirming that the model performs better.
The risk factors of bleeding after endoscopic ultrasonography -guided transmural drainage of peripancreatic fluid collections: A single-center experience in China
Authors: Li Yaoting , Li Yue , Yu Tingting , Hou Senlin , zhang Wei , Du Haiming , Hou Yankun , Tian Jiao , Zhang Lichao 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS) guided transmural drainage has become a first-line treatment for peripancreatic fluid collections(PFCs). Postoperative bleeding may lead to severe clinical outcomes. The purpose of this study was to explore thepatient-related and surgery-related factors associtated with postoperative bleeding.
Methods
This is an observational cohort study. A total of 181 patients who underwent EUS drainage at our center between June 2019 and May 2023 were enrolled analyzed in the study. Postoperative bleeding complications were observed, and patient and operation-related data were collected. Univariate and multifactorial logistics regression were performed for the risk factors that may affect postoperative bleeding. Determine the risk factors affecting postoperative bleeding.
Results
We achieved a 100% technical success rate. A total of 14 cases(7.7%) of bleeding occurred. All bleeding patients were successfully treated by conservative, endoscopic, interventional and other treatments. Logistic regression analysis showed that cyst size was an independent risk factor for bleeding after EUS-guided transmural drainage (P = 0.006; OR,2.722; 95%CI,1.327–5.587).
conclusion
The cyst size was an independent risk factor for bleeding after PFC drainage. Slowing the rate of decline in intracystic pressure may reduce the risk of bleeding.