bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Occupational noise induced hearing loss among local industrial population in Kashmir: a lifestyle study
Authors: Sheikh Imran , Ali Ihsan , Makhdoomi Owais , Wani Rabbanie Tariq 
Published: June 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The purpose of this observational study was to evaluate the incidence of occupational noise induced hearing loss (ONIHL) among the local industrial population of Kashmir who are involved in occupations exposed to noise.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This prospective observational study was conducted in the department of ENT&amp;HNS of government medical college Srinagar and SMHS Hospital. Total of 508 patients were screened and 158 patients were found have ONIHL patients were included in this study. The study population was evaluated for any significant history and were subjected thorough ENT assessment which included history, clinical examination, Otoscopic examination and then a pure tone audiometry. All these patients were further evaluated with a questionnaire in addition to clinical examination. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Around 31% (158) participants were found to have occupational noise induced hearing loss. The highest incidence of hearing loss was found in 50-59 years age group, which was 0.61. The industrial distribution of occupational noise induced hearing loss (ONIHL) in the screened population in the community was found maximum among Bandsaws workers with ONIHL, contributing 30.37% to the total. ONIHL was found to be most common (64.28%) in individuals exposed to loud noise for maximum duration of time (&gt;20 yrs), while it was least common (20.34%) in individuals exposed to loud noise for least duration of time (&lt;5 yrs).</p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Our study concluded that people who are exposed to noise more than 90db for more than 8 hours day working in local industries of Kashmir have high frequency sensorineural hearing loss.
Study the etiopathogenesis and management of epistaxis
Authors: Rao J. Sreenivasa , Rao U. Srinivasa , Chandra T. Sateesh 
Published: June 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The aim of the study was to study the etiopathogenesis, age and sex distribution and management, chemical cautery, anterior and posterior nasal packing, nasal septal surgery, blood transfusion and arterial ligation.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> It is simple random sampling study undertaken to know the etiopathogenesis and management of epistaxis at government general hospital for 2 years. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The incidence of epistaxis was 1.5%. It was more in males with a male to female ratio of 1:9:1. The age incidence was more in the first and second decades and then increased from the fourth onwards with almost 60% cases belonging to this category. The seasonal incidence was more during cold, dry, winter months (70%). The commonest etiological factor was trauma (42%), followed by the hypertension (24%). 72% of patients had anterior nasal bleeding. The treatment options were divided onto non- surgical and surgical modalities. 86% of the patients were managed by conservative measures like medical treatment (42%) cautery (6%), anterior nasal packing (30%) and posterior nasal packing (4%). 14% of the patients required surgical intervention like septoplasty (2%), excision of bleeding nasal polypus (2%), nasal bone fracture reduction (2%), excision of adenoid cystic carcinoma of nose (2%), removal of rhinolith (92%), excision of angiofibroma of nose (4%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Anterior bleeding is more common and trauma is an important etiological factor. Majority cases of epistaxis are managable by conservative measures and only few require surgical intervention. </p>
Effect of canalplasty in tympanoplasty
Authors: Prakash M. D. , Badkar Priya 
Published: June 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Objective of the study was to analyse the role of canalplasty in tympanoplasty in terms of intra operative ease, complete visualisation of tympanic membrane, graft uptake rates and hearing improvement.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 100 patients with chronic otitis media presenting to our institution from August 2016 to July 2017 were included in this study. Group I consisted of 50 patients who underwent tympanoplasty with canalplasty and Group II had 50 patients who underwent tympanoplasty without canalplasty. Both groups were followed up for 3 months, compared and analysed for hearing improvement and graft uptake. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Our results showed that Group I achieved 98% graft uptake rates compared to group II which achieved 92%. In Group II gain in air bone gap was 11.26 dB where as in Group I was about 13.48 dB. Group I had significant hearing improvement compared to Group II.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> It is advisable to combine canalplasty with tympanoplasty as it gives better visualisation of tympanic membrane facilitating the placement of graft and prevents lateralization of the graft. </p>
Prevalence of self probing, clinical presentation and the causative organism among the patients presented with otitis externa in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Rameshkumar Edakkattil , Ajitha Salini 
Published: June 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Otitis externa, an inflammatory condition commonly reported in almost all age groups. But the prevalence and etiology are varying on different region. This study was aimed to find out the prevalence of self probing, clinical presentation and the causative organism among the patients presented with otitis externa in a tertiary care hospital.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> All the patients presented with otitis externa in the outpatient department of ENT were included in the retrospective study. The history of self probing was identified using a questionnaire. The clinical presentation was noticed and organism was isolated from the swab taken from the external ear canal. The non-parametric data was expressed in numbers and percentage. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Total 49 patients were included in the study. The average age of patient was 39.5±14.3 years with 24 males and remaining females. Among them, 85.7% (42/49) had a history of self probing (p&lt;0.05). The most prevalent age group for the self probing associated otitis externa was 31 to 40 years. The discharge was the major clinical presentation (40/49) and the common organism isolated was <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> in 38% of incidence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Self probing was major etiological factor for otitis externa in the age group of 31-40 years. Discharge was the major clinical presentation and the common organism isolated was <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>. This emphasized the need for a proper awareness programme in the society against self probing to reduce the incidence.</p>
Invasive fungal sinusitis-analysis of management scenario
Authors: Dutta Prishni Devi , Belaldvar B. P. , Patil R. N. 
Published: June 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The objective of the study was to analyse the outcomes after therapeutic treatment of invasive fungal sinusitis.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A<strong> </strong>cross-sectional study consisting of 30 patients from<strong> </strong>January 2015-December 2005 in<strong> </strong>Jawaharlal<strong> </strong>Nehru<strong> </strong>medical<strong> </strong>college, department<strong> </strong>of<strong> </strong>ENT, Belagavi. Antifungal drugs were used like Amphotericin B-both non-liposomal &amp; liposomal variety, and analysis of various parameters like its duration, efficacy and dosage was done in determining the prognosis. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The liposomal type of amphotericin B (AmBisone), which was used in 23 patients (76.6%) had a response rate of 65% and failure rate of 26%, with minimum dose of 50 mg/day to maximum dose of 200 mg/day. The maximum number of days used was for 46 days in 18 cases, which showed the effectiveness in controlling the infection. Amphotericin B deoxycholate (Fungizone) was used in 6 patients (20%) with response rate of 50% and failure rate of 33.3% and maximum dose given was 25 mg/day keeping a track of the renal profile. The total duration of treatment with Fungizone was for 14 days.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Along with surgical intervention, we were able to combat this fatal disease in 56% patients which was the overall survival rate and liposomal variety was preferred as majority of the patients had deranged renal parameters on presentation. But certain constraints like non-affordability by poor patients, cost-effectiveness on long term usage, were there. So further studies about the availability of more safer and affordable antifungals should be done. </p>
The correlation of the severity of polysomnography with clinical assessment in cases of adult OSA in a tertiary hospital
Authors: V. Suresh , M. Gowri Shankar , D. Prabhu , S. Natarajan 
Published: June 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Now days increasing number of people with sleep related breathing disorders especially obstructive sleep apnea are reporting every day in our institute, which is a tertiary referral centre. The objective was to correlate between clinical assessment andpolysomnographic features in an obstructive sleep apnea patient.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A total number of 60 cases were analyzed retrospectively and those who were already clinically assessed and diagnosed as OSA by AHI&gt;5/h in overnight PSG study. The clinical history, body mass index, Epworth sleepiness scale score and full night polysomnograpic data were obtained for all 60 cases. The age and gender differences in OSA cases were analyzed. The correlations between the BMI, ESS score, AHI, oxygen saturation sleep apnea, Epworth sleeps scale and apnea hypopnea index were explored. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Of the 60 cases OSA were analyzed, the mean (SD) age was 36.62 (±11.90) years and the men was mostly affected 96.7% than women only 3.3%. Of 60 cases, 30% of patients having mild form, 25% of patients moderate form, 45% of patients having severe form. The obese patients affected more 83.3% (50/60) than normal only 10% (6/60). The clinical symptom were analyzed by ESS score the normal 18.3%, mild 18.3%, moderate 28.3% and severe 35%. The mean oxygen saturation and heart rate of OSA patients were 72.35 (±11.47) and 69.90 (±15.26) respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The BMI and ESS score were positively correlated with severity of OSA. The oxygen saturation and heart rate were negatively correlated with OSA. </p>
Endoscopic DCR with and without prolene stent in rural area: a prospective randomized study
Authors: Kumar Abhay , Porwal Prateek Kumar , Dubey Kailash Prasad , Singh Harshita 
Published: June 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The objective of the study was<strong> </strong>to compare the results of endoscopic DCR with and without prolene stenting and to assess subjective and anatomical success in patients undergoing prolene stenting.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The surgical outcomes of endoscopic endonasal DCR was compared in 100 patients of chronic dacryocystitis with nasolacrimal duct obstruction from June 2013 to May 2018. The successful outcome of surgery was defined by subjective improvement of symptoms and anatomical patency of the neo-ostium on syringing by nasal endoscopy. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In our study females were predominant in both groups with around 60% being females in group with stenting and 64% in group without stenting. Male to female ratio was 1:1.5 and 1:1.77 in group with stenting and without stenting. The symptomatic success rate of the surgery at the end of 3 months was 92% in group without stenting and 88% in group with stenting. There was no statistical difference in the results of two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> We recommend that stenting is not routinely required for endoscopic DCR surgeries. A selective stenting approach may be advocated using prolene 3-0, using stenting for specific indications. With proper surgical technique and good follow up, endoscopic DCR without stenting is treatment of choice for chronic nasolacrimal duct obstruction.</p>
Nicorandil ulcer: a frequent diagnosis, a rare etiology
Authors: Monteiro Francisco C. , Oliveira Pedro J. , Domingues Bruno F. , Condé Artur 
Published: June 2018

Oral ulcers are a relatively frequent diagnosis in otolaryngology practice. They may have a vast etiology, the iatrogenic medication one of them nicorandil is an anti-ischemic drug used in coronary artery disease and is frequently used in combination with other anti-anginal drugs. There are reports of the association between nicorandil and the appearance of painful oral ulcers, with repercussion on patients' quality of life. The authors describe a case of a 76-year-old man man with ischemic heart disease past that presented to the emergency department complaining of ulcers on the tongue with 1 week of evolution. He had been medicated with long-standing nicorandil, however he had increased the dose one month before the urge of lesions. He was treated with topical corticosteroid and anti-fungal, with no response. The objective examination showed three ulcerated lesions in the tongue. Given the characteristics of the lesions and absence of response to therapy previously instituted, biopsies were performed. The histopathological results showed nonspecific ulceration aspects. Discussed the case with his Cardiologist and, given the temporal association between increased nicorandil dose and the appearance of the lesions, we decided for the drug suspension. In the revaluation after two weeks, there was favorable evolution, and 45 days after, the lesions had completely disappeared. For the diagnosis of oral ulcers, being of extremely importance to exclude neoplastic causes, it is relevant not to forget also the rarest etiologies, which although difficult to identify, may lead to a better quality of life and less use of medical care. <p> </p>
Osteoma of mastoid temporal bone
Authors: M. Gowri Sankar , B. M. Somanath , Gadag Raveendra P. , C. B. Manu , M. Nagaraj 
Published: June 2018

<p>Osteoma is a benign slow growing bone tumour with predominance in long bones, and is rare in the skull. They are a rare occurrence in the mastoid temporal bone, being usually asymptomatic and treated mainly for cosmetic reasons. We report a case of a young female who presented with a history of swelling in the left post aural region since 10 years. Swelling was gradually increasing in size and was painless. Patient underwent excision of the tumour without any significant complication. As per our knowledge this appears to be the largest tumour reported in literature. The clinical presentation and radiological features of osteoma are characteristic but differential diagnosis should include eosinophilic granuloma, giant cell tumour, monostotic fibrous dysplasia, solitary variant of multiple osteoma, and osteoblastic metastasis. Osteomas present on the mastoid or squamous portion of the temporal bone need to be dealt for cosmetic purposes or if they are causing symptoms, while surgery should include careful removal of periosteal cover and safe margin of the mastoid cortex around it. </p>
Mycotic pseudoaneurysm mimicking carotid body tumor
Authors: Solav Shrikant V. , Patil Abhijit M. , Savale Shailendra V. , Shinde Suresh N. 
Published: June 2018

<p>Masses in carotid space can be of varied etiology. These usually displace the parapharyngeal space anteriorly. They can arise from various structures and may be cystic or solid. Carotid body tumors are neural crest in origin and usually cause splaying of carotid vessels resulting is “Lyre sign”. Presented in this case report is a hypermetabolic mass resulting from mycotic aneurysm mimicking carotid body tumor. </p>
Retrieval of foreign body bronchus in paediatric age group: a challenge
Authors: Dwivedi Gunjan , Gupta Vikas , Dwivedi Deepak , Sood Amit , Upadhyay Madhukar , Kumar Manoj 
Published: June 2018

<p>Foreign body (FB) aspiration can be a cause of serious morbidity and occasional mortality in pediatric population. Sometimes the diagnosis is delayed when the history of FB aspiration is not forthcoming, not witnessed or when parents fail to appreciate the symptoms. Unless there is a high degree of suspicion these cases may easily be missed and may be treated for a prolonged duration as upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) or pneumonia. A careful history plus a high degree of clinical suspicion is crucial. Involvement of other specialties is the key to diagnose and remove a FB from airway successfully. We present a case series of three cases of FB bronchus and challenges faced during their retrieval. The aim of this report is to highlight the importance of history taking, meticulous preparation, and precision required to remove a foreign body bronchus.</p>
Comparative study between functional outcome of lumbar canal stenosis treated with surgical decompression by laminectomy and unilateral partial hemi laminectomy approaches
Authors: Ramesh K. , Vimalan G. 
Published: June 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Lumbar spinal canal stenosis may eventually cause signs of intermittent neurogenic claudication<strong>. </strong>The surgical options include procedures such as midline decompression by laminectomy and different kinds of unilateral and bilateral fenestrations and partial or full hemi laminectomies. The aim of the study is to unilateral decompressive approach provides the sufficient decompression; less invasive unilateral procedure, which preserves posterior musculoligamentous complex and bony structures reduce associated morbidity.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 41 patients underwent preoperative assessment of Japanese orthopaedic association score (JOA Score), Neurogenic claudication outcome scores (NCOS), visual analogy scale for back pain and neurogenic claudication. Patients were randomized to undergo either unilateral decompression by partial hemi laminectomy or CMD (CMD) by laminectomy. 20 patients was randomized into unilateral decompression by partial hemi laminectomy group and 21 patients into CMD (CMD) by laminectomy group.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The mean JOA recovery rate was 50.61% for the unilateral decompression group and 52.12% for the CMD group. Notably, 62% of CMD group had good or excellent outcome while 70% of unilateral decompression group had a good or excellent outcome.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> In our study, unilateral decompression by a partial hemi laminectomy provides minimal exposure for decompression in lumbar canal stenosis while preserving musculoligamentous attachments of the posterior elements of the spine and good postoperative results after one year with favorable outcomes of at least 70%. </p>
Autologous whole blood injection in chronic plantar fasciitis: a prospective clinical study
Authors: Kirmani Tabish Tahir , Gul Irfan Andleeb , Manzoor Qazi Waris , Kangoo Khurshid Ahmad 
Published: June 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Plantar fasciitis represents painful inflammatory process of plantar fascia with pain beneath the heel. The disease is frustrating for both the patient and the physician as the etiology is unknown. Conservative management is the mainstay of treatment. Patients with resistant pain can be treated with local injections. In this study we evaluated the effectiveness of autologous whole blood injection for treatment of chronic plantar fasciitis.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The study was conducted on 55 patients (males=25, females=30) with chronic heel pain for more than 6 months and failed conservative treatment. After proper clinical evaluation and diagnosis, autologous whole blood was injected on medial aspect of heel at the most tender point. Visual analog score was noted before injection and at 3 and 6 months of follow-up.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Mean preprocedure visual analog score was 8.2 (range=4-10), which reduced to a mean of 4.5 (range=0-9) at 3 month follow-up and 3.3 (range 0-9) at 6 month follow-up. The reduction in VAS score was statistically significant (p&lt;0.001). No complications occurred in our series.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Autologous whole blood injections appear to be cost-effective for treatment of resistant plantar fasciitis with no serious side effects. </p>
Functional outcome of JESS fixation and bone grafting in distal tibial plafond-pilon fracture: a prospective study
Authors: Varghese Reji , Samuel Shajimon 
Published: June 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The Pilon fractures are one of the most difficult to treat. Fracture known as “orthopedicians nightmare”. The incidence of complications following ORIF of pilon ranges from 10-55% and other complication are infection, loss of reduction, secondary arthrosis. In these circumstances JESS and Bone grafting is cost effective and less hospitalization. Our aim was to evaluate in the functional outcome of JESS fixation and bone grafting in distal tibial plafond- pilon fracture using Olerud and Molander score.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The JESS fixation and bone grafting was used for pilon fracture in 30 patients, 24 male and 6 female. Mean age 44 years range (18-60 years). Fractures caused by fall and RTA. All were treated with JESS fixation and bone grafting. the patients were assessed clinically and radiographically at regular interval of 1 month and later 2 months interval. Outcome was assessed using Olerud and Molander score. Complications were recorded.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> 12 patients had Ruedi and Allgower type II fracture and 18 patients had type III fracture. After 9 month of follow up midterm OMAS score- 11.766 was achieved. Outcomes were good in 71.25% and fair results in 50.83% respectively. The complication seen was residual ankle pain in 6.66% patients and implant failure in 13.33%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Fixation of pilon fracture with JESS and bone grafting is associated with good functional outcome in type II and fair in type III pilon fracture. The incidence of complications high in type III pilon fracture. </p>