bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of nonce words, frequency, contextual richness, and L2 vocabulary knowledge on the incidental acquisition of vocabulary through reading: more than a replication of Zahar et al. (2001) & Tekmen and Daloğlu (2006)
Authors: Reynolds Barry Lee 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Researchers investigating the incidental acquisition of vocabulary through reading must select either real or nonce words as targets. To determine whether this decision affects acquisition, English as a foreign language classes (English experimental n=80; nonce experimental n=89) were given a 2,381-token short story containing either 26 target English or nonce words. Analysis of the gain scores on an unexpected meaning recognition assessment for the two experimental and two control groups (English control n=73; nonce control n=114) found a statistically significant difference in acquisition. The large effect size found indicates the choice to use nonce targets has a clear effect on acquisition outcomes. Additional analysis also indicated the contextual richness of the words surrounding targets was subordinate to frequency of exposure in terms of encouraging incidental acquisition. Furthermore, learners’ L2 vocabulary size had only a negligible effect on acquisition outcomes. Further analyses, implications, and consequences in regard to research practices are discussed.
The Influence of Explicit, Implicit, and Contrastive Lexical Approaches on Pragmatic Competence: The Case of Iranian EFL Learners
Authors: Ziafar Meisam 
Published: June 2018

AbstractResearch literature suggests the positive role of lexical chunks and translation in teaching and learning pragmatics (Ketko, H. 2000. Importance of multi-word chunks in facilitating communicative competence and its pedagogic implications.The Language Teacher 24(12). 5–11; Rose, K. R. 1999. Teachers and students learning about requests in Hong Kong. In E. Hinkel (Ed.),Culture in second language teaching and learning, 167–180. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.). Accordingly, the present study aimed at investigating the influence of contrastive lexical approach (CLA), in comparison with explicit and implicit approaches, on Iranian EFL learners’ pragmatic competence. Sixty-three participants were randomly assigned to three treatment groups and received dissimilar instructional treatments for ten 30-minute sessions. A pretest-posttest equivalent-groups research design was carried out and pretest scores were used as the covariate in a one-way ANCOVA data analysis. CLA showed no significant advantage over the other two methods. Previous studies have often combined a contrastive method with explicit teaching. Confounding variables in this way may have made interpretation of results problematic. In the present research explicit and contrastive instructions were kept separate and no significant difference was found between the three treatments, although all instruction types enhanced the language learners’ pragmatic competence. As a result, a pragmatic teaching course is recommended which incorporates the useful teaching techniques and practices of these three approaches to teaching pragmatic competence.
The Rise and Fall of the German IPO Market, 1870-1938
Authors: Burhop Carsten , Chambers David , Cheffins Brian 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This study of over 1,000 initial public offerings (IPOs) on the Berlin stock exchange from German unification to the eve of World War II draws attention to the importance of regulation and deepens our understanding of German stock market development. An increasingly exacting regulatory environment from the early 1880s to 1914 made a vital contribution to the higher likelihood of firms going public surviving. In the inhospitable regulatory setting of the 1930s, IPO activity drew to a halt and the development in the German stock market over the preceding decades reversed. As a complement to our analysis of the impact of regulation, we document the increased involvement of leading universal banks (D-banks) in the IPO market over the whole period.
The crystal structure ofN-butylpyridinium bis(μ2-dichlorido)-tetrachloridodicopper(II), C18H28N2Cu2Cl6
Authors: Abouserie A. , Schilde U. , Taubert A. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractC9H14Cl3CuN, monoclinic,P21/n (no. 14),a= 9.6625(6) Å,b= 9.3486(3) Å,c= 14.1168(8) Å,β= 102.288(5)°,V= 1245.97(11) Å3,Z= 4,Rgt(F) = 0.0182,wRref(F2) = 0.0499,T= 210(2) K.
Analysis of a long-term Forest Accountancy Network to Support Management and Controlling
Authors: Dög Markus , Wildberg Johannes , Möhring Bernhard 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Multifunctional forestry in Germany is characterized by long production periods and complex biological-technical processes. Private forest enterprises are complex systems which are closely interwoven with the economic environment. To ensure their economic success, forest landowners need to take the economic development into consideration and adapt their management strategies. Management accounting is an important source for information needed to fulfil main tasks of accounting that help to manage forest enterprises: ‘description’, ‘explanation’ and ‘decision making’. To get general data, long time series data, taken from Forest Accountancy Networks (FAN), can be analysed. For more than 45 years, data from the FAN Westfalen-Lippe in Germany has been collected and analysed by the department of Forest Economics and Forest Management at the University of Göttingen. The long-term development and adaptation strategies of defined groups of private forest enterprises can be illustrated using this data. These valuable time series can support decision-making processes for private forest landowners and provide tools for forest policy. The data shows that private forest enterprises, with spruce as the dominating tree species, have performed above average in terms of operating revenues and profit margins, but are also more susceptible to calamities resulting in higher involuntary timber harvests.
Inhibiting foodborne pathogens Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Listeria monocytogenes using extracts from traditional medicine: Chinese gallnut, pomegranate peel, Baikal skullcap root and forsythia fruit
Authors: Wu Jian , Goodrich Katheryn M. , Eifert Joseph D. , Jahncke Michael L. , O’Keefe Sean F. , Welbaum Gregory E. , Neilson Andrew P. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Foodborne illnesses have been a heavy burden in the United States and globally. Many medicinal herbs have been cultivated in the US and many of which contain antimicrobial compounds with the potential to be used for food preservation. Methanol/water extracts of pomegranate peel (“PP”, Punica Granatum L.), Chinese gallnut (“CG”, Galla chinensis), Forsythia fruit (“FF”, Forsythia suspensa) and Baikal skullcap root (“BS”, Scutellaria baicalensis) were tested for antimicrobial activity using the agar diffusion assay on tryptic soy agar (TSA) and microdilution assay in tryptic soy broth (TSB). CG and PP extracts showed good to excellent inhibitory effect against Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Listeria monocytogenes in both assays, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) range from 0.04 to 5 mg/mL. BS had moderate inhibitory effects against V. parahaemolyticus with an MIC of 5 mg/mL in TSB, and against L. monocytogenes with an MIC of 20 mg/mL on TSA. CG was analyzed using LC-MS and fractionated using HPLC. The major components were identified as gallic acid, digallic acid, methyl gallate, and gallotannins (oligo-galloyl-D-glucose, nGG, n = 1~10). Six fractions (I - VI) were collected and their antibacterial activities were tested against L. monocytogenes, and V. parahaemolyticus both on TSA and in TSB. On TSA, fraction III, IV and V inhibited V. parahaemolyticus but no fraction inhibited L. monocytogenes. In TSB, all fractions inhibited V. parahaemolyticus and fractions II - V inhibited L. monocytogenes. Future studies are needed to investigate the effects of medicinal plants on food products.
The Complexities of Metal Detecting Policy and Practice: A Response to Samuel Hardy, ‘Quantitative Analysis of Open-Source Data on Metal Detecting for Cultural Property’ (Cogent Social Sciences 3, 2017)
Authors: Deckers Pieterjan , Dobat Andres , Ferguson Natasha , Heeren Stijn , Lewis Michael , Thomas Suzie 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
In his paper ‘Quantitative analysis of open-source data on metal detecting for cultural property’, Samuel Hardy suggested that permissive policy is ineffective in minimizing the damage done to cultural heritage by non-professional metal detecting. This response paper contests the basic assumptions upon which this analysis is based. While Hardy‘s comparative, quantitative approach is laudable, it is founded in a biased and simplistic outlook on the metal detecting phenomenon.
Frequency independent AC electrical conductivity and dielectric properties of polyaniline-based conductive thermosetting composite
Authors: Kumar Vipin , Das Sukanta , Yokozeki Tomohiro 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Electrical impedance characteristics of polyaniline (PANI)-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBSA)/divinylbenzene (DVB) composite were evaluated as a function of PANI content in the frequency range of 102–108 Hz. Polymer composites were prepared by a one-step thermal process where doping of the PANI and curing of the polymer matrix DVB have occurred simultaneously in the presence of a strong protonic acid, i.e. DBSA. The alternating current (AC) conductivity value with respect to frequency of the PANI-DBSA/DVB composite shows a direct current (DC) plateau up to an extensive frequency range. Almost metal-like behavior is obtained with such highly conductive plastic material. In all frequency regions, composites with higher PANI concentration showed a frequency independent behavior, while in the case of neat composites without PANI, a frequency dependent behavior is observed. A plot of the real part of complex impedance vs. frequency and a plot of AC conductivity of the composites indicate that the high electrical conductivity in high PANI concentration composites is because of the direct contacts between filler PANI particles. In this work, AC conductivity behavior and dielectric properties of very highly conductive thermoset composites are presented, and it is shown that conductivity is frequency independent for a very high frequency range (up to 108 Hz).
Optimal co-catalytic effect of NiFe2O4/ZnO nanocomposites toward enhanced photodegradation for dye MB
Authors: He Zuming , Xia Yongmei , Tang Bin , Su Jiangbin , Jiang Xingfang 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
A series of magnetically recyclable NiFe2O4/ZnO nanocomposites have been successfully fabricated by a facile two-step route. The as-prepared NiFe2O4/ZnO nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometer, ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The results demonstrate that the NiFe2O4/ZnO nanocomposites are composed of ZnO particles (50–120 nm) integrated with NiFe2O4 particles (30–80 nm). Compared with bare ZnO, the NiFe2O4/ZnO nanocomposites exhibit evidently enhanced visible light absorption and decreased recombination of photo-generated electron-hole pairs. Moreover, the nanocomposites exhibit enhanced photocatalytic performance for the degradation of methylene blue under simulated solar light irradiation when compared with bare ZnO, and the 20%-NiFe2O4/ZnO nanocomposite is observed as the optimal composite. This is ascribed to the more efficient separation of photo-generated electron-hole pairs and generation of hydroxyl (˙OH) radicals in the 20%-NiFe2O4/ZnO nanocomposite. Furthermore, the NiFe2O4/ZnO nanocomposites have a high saturation magnetization, indicating that they can be magnetically separated and recycled from organic dye wastewater.
L’alitta dal γυμνάσιον alla spezieria
Authors: Zamuner Ilaria 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn Italian language there are two words, alitta and alipta, derived from the same latin etymon alipta, shaped on gr. ἀλείπτης ‘who anoint’; however, the two terms have different categories and meanings: alitta (f.) ‘mixture of aromatic substances’ and alipta (m.) ‘who anoint’. The story of ‘alipta’ is traced from ancient Greece until contemporary age – through the middle ages – to clarify the passages that have determined the independent origin of the two terms in the Italian language.
Autonomic Cardiac Activity Among Novice Archers During Baseline, Shooting, and Recovery
Authors: Tok Serdar , Dal Nİhal , Zekioğlu Aylİn , Çatıkkaş Fatİh , Balıkçı İlker , Doğan Erman 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Tok, S, Dal, N, Zekioğlu, A, Çatıkkaş, F, Balıkçı, İ, and Doğan, E. Autonomic cardiac activity among novice archers during baseline, shooting and recovery. J Strength Cond Res 34(9): 2627–2635, 2020—In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether heart rate variability (HRV) of novice archers may vary during baseline, shooting, and recovery periods. In addition, we aimed to explore whether HRV may have different patterns between successful and less successful archers and man and woman archers. The sample consisted of 39 (12 woman) novice archers ranging in age from 21 to 27. Baseline HRV activity was measured in the first stage of the experiment. Then, participants shot 10 arrows, from 18 m to an 80 cm diameter target, whereas their HRV was measured. Lastly, HRV recovery response was measured immediately after shooting. HRV was represented as low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF), and LF/HF ratio. When considering the entire sample, repeated measures of analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that only HF power differed among baseline, shooting, and recovery periods [F(2, 76) = 6.90, p = 0.002, ω2 = 0.15]. When the data partitioned, based on the median split of the shooting scores, repeated measures of ANOVA demonstrated that none of the HRV components differed in the less successful group from baseline to recovery. However, in the successful group, both LF [F(1.47, 30.98) = 4.75, p = 0.024, ω2 = 0.18] and HF [F(1.54, 32.37) = 6.61, p = 0.007, ω2 = 0.24] power significantly differed among baseline, shooting, and recovery. No differences were found between man and woman archers in terms of HRV indices. The results of the present study indicated that physical activities requiring the use of perceptual motor skills, in addition to physical qualities, may lead to different HRV responses. Moreover, coaches aiming to develop archers' shooting accuracy may take into account LF power measured during an arrow shooting session.
Effects of Active and Passive Warm-ups on Range of Motion, Strength, and Muscle Passive Properties in Ankle Plantarflexor Muscles
Authors: Takeuchi Kosuke , Takemura Masahiro , Nakamura Masatoshi , Tsukuda Fumiko , Miyakawa Shumpei 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Takeuchi, K, Takemura, M, Nakamura, M, Tsukuda, F, and Miyakawa, S. Effects of active and passive warm-ups on range of motion, strength, and muscle passive properties in ankle plantarflexor muscles. J Strength Cond Res 35(1): 141–146, 2021—The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of active and passive warm-ups on flexibility and strength of calf muscles. Fourteen healthy males (age: 23.1 ± 2.6 years, height: 172.7 ± 5.6 cm, and body mass: 64.5 ± 7.0 kg) performed 3 types of warm-ups respectively for 10 minutes in a random order: an active warm-up by pedaling a cycling ergometer, an active warm-up doing repeated isometric contractions, and a passive warm-up in a hot water bath. To assess flexibility, range of motion (ROM) of ankle dorsiflexion, passive torque of ankle plantarflexion, and muscle tendon junction (MTJ) displacement were measured and then muscle tendon unit (MTU) stiffness was calculated. After the flexibility assessment, peak torque during maximum voluntary isometric contraction was measured to assess the isometric strength. These data were compared before and after each warm-up. As a result, all 3 types of warm-ups increased ROM (p < 0.05) and passive torque at terminal ROM (p < 0.01), but there were no significant changes in MTU stiffness or MTJ displacement. The active warm-up by pedaling a cycling ergometer increased peak torque during isometric contraction (p < 0.05), whereas the other warm-ups did not show significant alterations. In conclusion, the active warm-up with aerobic exercise increased flexibility and strength of the calf muscles.
Characterization of Heart Rate Responses, Duration, and Distances Traveled in Youth Participating in Recreational Skateboarding at Community Skateparks
Authors: Furr Heather N. , Nessler Jeff A. , Newcomer Sean C. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Furr, HN, Nessler, JA, and Newcomer, SC. Characterization of heart rate responses, duration, and distances traveled in youth participating in recreational skateboarding at community skateparks. J Strength Cond Res 35(2): 542–548, 2021—Recreational skateboarding continues to gain popularity in youth within the United States and abroad. Surprisingly, there is a paucity of research regarding the cardiovascular responses of youth participating in recreational skateboarding. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that skateboarding would elicit heart rates and durations consistent with the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) and Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommendations for cardiovascular fitness in youth. Seventy-one recreational skateboarders (boys: 63 and girls: 8) between the ages of 6 and 17 years participated in this study. Data were acquired at 9 skateparks in the local community. After parental consent, subjects completed a questionnaire and were instrumented with a heart rate monitor (Polar V800 GPS Sports Watch), which recorded heart rate, duration, and distance traveled. Subjects were instructed to engage in typical skateboarding activities, with the duration and intensity of activity determined by the individual. Subjects were 10.6 ± 2.9 years old and had participated in skateboarding for 3.1 ± 2.4 years. On average, subjects skateboarded 55.5 ± 28.4 minutes, at an average heart rate of 140.4 ± 16.1 b·min−1, and traveled an average distance of 2.65 ± 1.87 km. Results from this study suggest that youth participating in recreational skateboarding at community skateparks attain exercise intensities and durations that are comparable with the ACSM's and CDC's exercise recommendations for cardiovascular fitness in youth. These findings may hold implications for city planners considering the impact of community skateparks on physical activity in youth and overall public health.
Reliability, Sensitivity, and Minimal Detectable Change of a New Specific Climbing Test for Assessing Asymmetry in Reach Technique
Authors: Čular Dražen , Dhahbi Wissem , Kolak Ivo , Dello Iacono Antonio , Bešlija Tea , Laffaye Guillaume , Padulo Johnny 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Čular, D, Dhahbi, W, Kolak, I, Iacono, AD, Bešlija, T, Laffaye, G, and Padulo, J. Reliability, sensitivity, and minimal detectable change of a new specific climbing test for assessing asymmetry in reach technique. J Strength Cond Res 35(2): 527–534, 2021—The aims of this study were to establish intertrial and intersession reliability, sensitivity, and minimal detectable change of a new climbing test specifically for assessing asymmetry in reach technique (TEST). Twenty-four young climbers (16 males and 8 females) participated in this study. The protocol consisted of performing, in counterbalanced random order, 3 tests; TEST, maximum handgrip force, and squat on the bench, in 2 sessions (with 3 trials for each session). TEST performance was expressed as: TEST performance for left hand (TESTL), TEST performance for right hand (TESTR), and absolute symmetry index (ASI). For intertrial and intersession reliability assessment, TESTL and TESTR showed excellent reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients ranged: 0.96–1.00; SEM% ranged: 0.07–1.23; and coefficient of variation—CV%: 1.28–2.53). In addition, SEMs were smaller than the smallest worthwhile change (SWC) values (SWC% = 1.07 and 0.99 for TESTL and TESTR, respectively), and the minimal detectable change (MDC95) for both sides was small (<4.36 cm). An exception was ASI, which showed low absolute reliability and marginal sensitivity (SEM% = 15.13 > SWC% = 8.40 and CV% = 41.98). Pairwise test comparisons revealed no difference between sides. Considering the high reliability and the satisfactory sensitivity, TEST can be used to define individual asymmetry in the performance of the reach technique to the left or the right body side in climbers. However, interpreting data using the ASI index requires caution because it had poor absolute reliability and marginal sensitivity.
Validity of Heart Rate-Based Models for Estimating Oxygen Uptake During Tennis Play
Authors: Baiget Ernest , Iglesias Xavier , Rodríguez Ferran A. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Baiget, E, Iglesias, X, and Rodríguez, FA. Validity of heart rate-based models for estimating oxygen uptake during tennis play. J Strength Cond Res 34(11): 3208–3216, 2020—This study aimed to assess the validity of an on-court tennis test (specific endurance tennis test [SET-Test]) and 2 heart rate (HR)-based methods for estimating oxygen uptake (V̇o
2) in competitive tennis players. Thirty-five male players performed a SET-Test to relate test duration (minutes) and V̇o
2. Two weeks later, 16 players performed a simulated match play set where HR and V̇o
2 (V̇o
2-PLAY, criterion value) were measured and then compared with V̇o
2 values predicted from the HR/V̇o
2 linear regression equations derived from the SET-Test (pV̇o
2-TEST) and from the one set match play (pV̇o
2-PLAY). Test duration and V̇o
2-TEST were strongly correlated (r
2 = 0.821, p < 0.001, SE
E = 5.6 ml·kg−1·min−1), indicating that SET-Test outcome is a somewhat good indicator of aerobic fitness in tennis players, likely to be useful for training purposes. pV̇o
2-PLAY and V̇o
2-PLAY (criterion value) were strongly correlated (r
2 = 0.832, p < 0.001) and SE
E was moderate (3.5 ml·kg−1·min−1 = 11.5%). pV̇o
2-TEST differed from the criterion (32.4 ± 10.7 vs. 30.8 ± 8.6 ml·kg−1·min−1, p < 0.001) and, although strongly correlated (r
2 = 0.689, p < 0.001), an overestimation occurred (mean Δ = 1.6 ml·kg−1·min−1 = 4.9%), yielding a high SE
E (4.8 ml·kg−1·min−1 = 15.6%). We conclude that (a) SET-Test performance is a valid and moderately accurate predictor of V̇o
2; and (b) the individual HR-V̇o
2 regression equation generated during tennis match play predicts V̇o
2 with greater accuracy than the regression derived from the SET-Test.