bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fazendo gênero no candomblé: entre o feminismo internacional e a retórica salvacionista. Por um enunciado epistemológico desde os terreiros.
Authors: Ferreira J. Flávio 
Published: June 2019

Inspirado no conceito de ‘colonialidade do poder’, tal como proposto por Quijano, viso neste ensaio refletir sobre a relação entre o ‘feminismo’ e o universo candomblecista. Através de um resgate de fragmentos da história dos terreiros no Brasil, questiono o quanto poderá ser a leitura do candomblé enquanto um ‘matriarcado’ uma imposição da agenda feminista acadêmica. E, assim o sendo, uma relação regulatória entre a academia e o ‘mundo das práticas’ que, em última análise, acaba por suprimir uma alternativa ‘feminista negra candomblecista’ em detrimento de um modelo internacionalista de ‘ser-se feminista’. Abrindo mão do universo estritamente ritualístico desta religião de terreiro, apoio-me nos debates feministas e pós-coloniais contra o eurocentrismo para reforçar, claramente, a necessidade de promover-se uma reflexão epistemológica em prol de um feminismo negro situado: localizado e enunciado filosoficamente desde os terreiros. Palavras-chave: Candomblé; Descolonialidade; Pós-colonialismo; Feminismo; Subjetivação
Early Acid Suppression Therapy Exposure and Fracture in Young Children
Authors: Malchodi Laura , Wagner Kari , Susi Apryl , Gorman Gregory , Hisle-Gorman Elizabeth 
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND:
Acid suppression therapy (AST), including proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and histamine H2-receptor antagonists (H2RAs), is frequently prescribed to treat symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux in otherwise healthy infants. PPI use has been associated with increased fracture risk in older adults; 2 preliminary studies in children have conflicting results.

METHODS:
A retrospective cohort of children born 2001 to 2013 who were followed for ≥2 years was formed. Those with osteogenesis imperfecta, cholestasis, or child maltreatment were excluded. Prescription data were used to identify AST prescription before age 1 year. International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes identified fractures after age 1 year. A Cox proportional hazard analysis assessed fracture hazard and was adjusted for sex, prematurity, low birth weight, previous fracture, anti-epileptics, and overweight or obesity.

RESULTS:
Of 851 631 included children, 97 286 (11%) were prescribed AST in the first year of life; 7998 (0.9%) children were prescribed PPI, 71 578 (8%) were prescribed H2RA, and 17 710 (2%) were prescribed both a PPI and H2RA. Infants prescribed AST had an earlier median first fracture age (3.9 vs 4.5 years). After adjustment, increased fracture hazard was associated with PPI use (21%) and PPI and H2RA use (30%), but not H2RA use alone. Longer duration of AST treatment and earlier age of first AST use was associated with increased fracture hazard.

CONCLUSIONS:
Infant PPI use alone and together with H2RAs is associated with an increased childhood fracture hazard, which appears amplified by days of use and earlier initiation of ASTs. Use of AST in infants should be weighed carefully against possible fracture.
Factors Affecting Participation in Mentoring Research in Academia
Authors: Qureshi Henna A. 
Published: June 2019

Higher Education is focused on research, yet not many postdoctoral researchers participate in academic research regarding their experiences during mentoring. This lack of participation is creating a gap in research on mentoring. The study found sharing experiences with an interviewer not only works as cathartic instrument for postdoctoral researcher but also provides them with new perspective on their mentoring experience. Meanwhile, participating in research about their experiences in mentoring adds valuable information for mentoring programs, mentors and mentees. Despite postdoctoral researchers’ scientific background lack of interest in participating in academic research is of serious concern. The study was conducted using Grounded Theory as a tool. The data was collected in 25 semi-structured in-depth interviews with professors and postdoctoral researchers participating in mentoring programs across Germany. The paper aims to propose initiating a dialogue for participating in academic research in higher education especially at postdoctoral researchers' level to increase awareness.
Distribution Channel Management and the Control of Fake/Counterfeit Products in Selected Pharmaceuticals Companies in Benue State.
Authors: Tyopine Dr. Hanmaikyur 
Published: June 2019

This study evaluated distribution channel management and control of counterfeit products in Nigeria with specific reference to selected pharmaceutical industries in Benue State. The study used mainly primary data obtained by the use of a well-structured questionnaire. The study used multiple regression analysis to test the two hypotheses of the study. The result shows that a negative relationship exist between distribution management and its effect on consumer's accessibility and it is statistically significant (p<0.05) and in line with a priori expectation. Also, the study found that the source of fake and counterfeit product is positively related to distribution channel management but it is not statistically significant (p>0.05). It was concluded therefore that efficient distribution channel management could help to greatly reduce the proliferation of counterfeit products in the health sector. In view of this, it was recommended that laws guiding the regulation of imported and manufactured products should be strengthened to ensure effectiveness by regulatory authorities. Hence, the distribution channels management policies should be an approach to control counterfeit products by instituting on a clear post market surveillance system that will aid the fast identification of counterfeit and other substandard drugs while consumer's access to counterfeit product should be restricted through an efficient distribution channel management.
Synthesis and Compositional Control of Size Monodisperse SixGe1-x Nanocrystals for Optoelectronic Applications
Authors: Linehan Keith , Carolan Darragh , Sé Daithi Ó , Doyle Hugh 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTAlkyl-terminated SixG1-x nanocrystals are prepared at room temperature by co-reduction of Si and Ge precursors by hydride reducing agents within inverse micelles. Compositional control of the alloy silicon-germanium NCs (ca. 3.6 nm) is achieved by varying the relative amounts of each precursor used in the synthesis. Transmission electron microscopy imaging confirmed that the NCs are highly crystalline with a narrow size distribution; optical spectroscopy shows strong quantum confinement effects, with moderate absorption in the UV spectral range, and a strong blue emission with a marked dependency on excitation wavelength.
Gold Nanoparticles Supported on SrTiO3 by Solution Plasma Sputter Deposition for Enhancing UV- and Visible-light Photocatalytic Efficiency
Authors: Panomsuwan Gasidit , Zettsu Nobuyuki , Saito Nagahiro 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTGold (Au) nanoparticles were synthesized and deposited on the perovskite SrTiO3 (STO) via a one-step solution plasma sputter deposition (SPSD) without any reducing reagents at ambient condition. Good dispersion of the Au nanoparticles deposited on the STO surface was clearly observed. The synthesized Au nanoparticles were well-crystallized with a spherical shape and preferably exhibited multiply twinned structure. An average diameter of Au nanoparicles was estimated to be 6.1 ± 1.4 nm by transmission electron microscopy. Enhanced photocatalytic activity was found for the Au-STO when compared to the pure STO, as investigated from the degradation of methylene blue solution under ultraviolet and visible light irradiation. The SPSD seems to be a rapid and facile approach to prepare the Au nanoparticles supported on the metal oxide for photocatalytic applications.
SiC-based 1D Nanostructures
Authors: Ollivier Maelig , Latu-Romain Laurence , Martin Mickaël , Mantoux Arnaud , Bano Edwige 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTThanks to an original approach based on the carburization of silicon nanowires, silicon carbide-based one dimensional nanostructures – SiC nanotubes, Si-SiC core-shell nanowires and SiC nanowires – have been synthesized. The original process, which relies on controlling the out-diffusion of Si atoms through SiC, can be monitored by the temperature, the pressure and the time of carburization. These SiC-based 1D nanostructures have been characterized by SEM, FIB-SEM and TEM microscopies and also Raman spectroscopy. Bio-nano-sensors, nano-Field-Effect-Transistors (nano-FETs) or gas sensors may be some applications for these nanostructures.
Proton infiltration of phosphosilicate glass-electrolytes for intermediate temperature fuel cell
Authors: Daiko Yusuke , Yamada Takeshi , Mineshige Atsushi , Yazawa Tetsuo 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTA fast proton conducting glass with proton transport number tH = 1 was successfully prepared by using conventional melting method. In-situ FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) measurements under hydrogen atmosphere, temperature of 300°C and applying 1 V between Pt electrodes were carried out in order to monitor the proton concentration. The electrode reaction on Pt in these conditions is similar to that under intermediate-temperature fuel cell operation. It was found from the in-situ FTIR measurements that the absorbance around 2900 cm-1 increases clearly after applying 1 V, whereas no significant change was observed around 3400 cm-1. Proton infiltration into the glass is discussed based on the in-situ FTIR and impedance results.
Thermoelectric Properties of Doped Iron Disilicide
Authors: Tani Jun-ichi , Kido Hiroyasu 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTIn order to investigate the thermoelectric properties of Re-doped β-FeSi2 (Fe1-xRexSi2), Ir-doped β-FeSi2 (Fe1-xIrxSi2), and Pt-doped β-FeSi2 (Fe1-xPtxSi2), the electrical resistivity, the Seebeck coefficient, and the thermal conductivity of these samples have been measured in the temperature range between 300 and 1150 K. Fe1-xRexSi2 is p-type, while Fe1-xIrxSi2 and Fe1-xPt xSi2 are n-type over the measured temperature range. The solubility limits of dopant are estimated to be 0.2at% for Fe1-xRexSi2, 0.5at% for Fe1-xIrxSi2, and 1.9at% for Fe1-xPtxSi2. A maximum ZT value of 0.14 was obtained for Fe1-xPt xSi2 (x=0.03) at the temperature 847 K.
Processing, Characterization, and Measurement of the Seebeck Coefficient of Bismuth Microwire Array Composites
Authors: Huber T.E. , Constant P. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTWe have fabricated Bi microwire array composites ranging in diameter from 10 to 50 micrometer using the method of high-pressure-injection (HPI) of the Bi melt into microchannel arrays (MCA) templates. The composites are dense, with Bi volume fraction in excess of 70 %. The parallel Bi nanowires, whose length appears to be limited only by the thickness of the host template (up to 2 mm), terminate at both sides of the composite in the Bi bulk. The individual Bi microwire crystal structure is rhombohedral, with the same lattice parameters as that of bulk Bi; the wires crystalline orientation is predominantly perpendicular to the (113) lattice plane. The transversal magnetoresistance and Seebeck effect of the wires has been measured in magnetic fields up to 0.8 Tesla and for temperatures ranging between 77 K and room temperature.
Material Instability in Rapid Granular Shear Flow
Authors: Goddard J. D. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTThis is a survey of recent theoretical work on shear flow instabilities of dry granular media in the Bagnold or “grain-inertia” régime. Attention is devoted to steady homogeneous unbounded simple shear, with the goal of identifying material (constitutive) instabilities arising from the coupling of stress to granular concentration and temperature fields. Such instabilities, the dissipative analogs of thermodynamic phase transitions, are familiar in numerous branches of the mechanics of materials.The current interest is motivated in part by the “dissipative clustering” found in various particle-dynamics (“DEM”) simulations of granular systems. Since particle clustering may invalidate standard gas kinetic theory, it is pertinent to ask whether hydrodynamic models based on such theories may themselves exhibit clustering instability.The present article is based largely on a recent review (Goddard and Alam 1999), which provides a unified linear-stability treatment for rapid granular flow, as well for slow flow of mobile particles immersed in viscous liquids. The analysis is based on a “short-memory” response of various fluxes to perturbations on steady uniform states, a feature characteristic of the most popular constitutive models for granular flow. In the absence of gravity, previous theoretical analyses reveal transverse “layering” and spanwise “corrugations” as possible forms of material instability (Alam and Nott 1998)Based on current theoretical findings, further work is recommended, including the exploration of the effects of gravity and of stress relaxation, both of which are likely to be important in real granular flows.
Dynamics and Patterning of Screw Dislocations in Two Dimensions
Authors: Selinger Robin L. B. , Smith Brian B. , Luo Wei-Dong 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTo understand how dislocations form ordered structures during the deformation of metals, we perform computer simulation studies of the dynamics and patterning of screw dislocations in two dimensions. The simulation is carried out using an idealized atomistic model with anti-plane displacements only; we show that this system is an analog of the two-dimensional XY rotor model. Simulation studies show that under a constant applied shear strain rate, the flow of dislocations spontaneously coalesces to form narrow dislocation-rich channels separated by wide dislocation-free regions, so that the applied strain is localized into slip bands. We argue that this pattern formation represents a phase separation into low/high defect density phases associated with the XY model, and conjecture that thermodynamic forces drive strain localization.
Experimental Assessment of Strain Gradient Plasticity
Authors: Barney Monica M. , Campbell Geoffrey H. , Stölken James S. , Schwartz Adam J. , Plitzko Jürgen M. , King Wayne E. , Morris John W. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractClassical plasticity theories generally assume that the stress at a point is a function of strain at that point only. However, when gradients in strain become significant, this localization assumption is no longer valid. These conventional models fail to display a ‘size effect’. This effect is seen experimentally when the scale of the phenomenon of interest is on the order of several microns. Under these conditions, strain gradients are of a significant magnitude as compared to the overall strain and must be considered for models to accurately capture observed phenomena.The mechanics community has been actively involved in the development of strain gradient theories for many years. Recently, interest in this area has been rekindled and several new approaches have appeared in the literature. Two different approaches are currently being evaluated. One approach considers strain gradients as internal variables that do not introduce work conjugate higher order stresses. Another approach considers the strain gradients as internal degrees of freedom that requires work conjugate higher order stresses. Experiments are being performed to determine which approach models material behavior accurately with the least amount of complexity. A key difference between the two models considered here is the nature of the assumed boundary conditions at material interfaces. Therefore, we are investigating the deformation behavior of aluminum/sapphire interfaces loaded under simple shear. Samples are fabricated using ultra-high vacuum diffusion bonding. To determine the lattice rotations near the boundary, we are examining the samples with both electron backscatter diffraction methods (EBSD) in the scanning electron microscope and with a variety of diffraction techniques in the transmission electron microscope. The experimentally found boundary conditions shall be subsequently used to determine whether the simpler internal variable model is adequately descriptive or if the greater complexity associated with the internal degree of freedom approach is warranted.
STM Nanospectroscopic Study of Defects in Semiconductors
Authors: Maeda Koji , Hida Akira , Mera Yutaka 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCoupling of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) with various schemes of optical spectroscopy was found to provide powerful tools for study of crystalline defects in bulk semiconducting solids. The simplest method was applied to a subsurface defect in a bulk GaAs crystal in which the signal was acquired by detecting the change in the tunneling current reflecting a local surface swelling that occurs when the wavelength of the chopped light used for spectroscopic measurements coincides with a photoabsorption spectral peak of the defect. Another scheme using a continuous light of variable wavelength was applied to midgap centers, assigned as arsenic antisite defects, densely populated in low-temperature-grown GaAs epifilms. Experiments at 90K revealed that light illumination causes reversible transformation of the individual defects to a metastable state with an excitation spectrum very close to one observed for the photo-quenching effect of EL2 centers in bulk GaAs.
Characterization of Deep Levels in 3C-SiC by Optical-Capacitance-Transient Spectroscopy
Authors: Nakakura Y. , Kato M. , Ichimura M. , Arai E. , Tokuda Y. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAn optical-capacitance-transient spectroscopy (O-CTS) method was used to characterize the defects in 3C-SiC on Si. The O-CTS measurement enables us to estimate optical threshold energy and optical cross section for the defects. In the O-CTS spectrum, a peak was observed for photon energy hv larger than 0.5 eV. This peak was thought to be due to the ND1 center, which was also observed by deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) and found to have a thermal activation energy of 0.37 eV. The optical cross section for the center increased with hv for hv<0.6 eV and then decreased with increasing hv. The apparent optical threshold energy was about 0.47 eV. Another deep levels which have optical threshold energy of around 1.4 eV were also observed.
Carrier dynamics in spatially ordered InAs quantum dots
Authors: Siegert Jörg , Marcinkevièius Saulius , Gaarder Andreas , Leon Rosa , Chaparro Sergio , Johnson Shane R. , Navarro Carlos , Jin Xu , Zhang Yong-Hang 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSpatial ordering of InAs quantum dots was attained by using misfit dislocations generated in a metastable InGaAs layer by means of thermal annealing. Influence of quantum dot positional ordering and dot proximity to dislocation arrays on carrier dynamics was studied by timeresolved photoluminescence. Substantially narrower inhomogeneous broadening from the ordered quantum dots was observed. Excitation intensity dependence of the photoluminescence intensity and carrier lifetime indicates stronger influence of nonradiative recombination for the ordered quantum dot structures. Numerical simulations allow estimating electron and hole capture rates from the quantum dots to traps located either at the quantum dot interfaces or in the vicinity of the quantum dots.
Effects of Hydrogen on the Deep Levels in Si, ZnO and Diamond Studied by Cathodoluminescence
Authors: Sekiguchi Takashi 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe effects of hydrogen on the deep level luminescence in Si, ZnO and diamond were studied by means of cathodoluminescence. It is well known that most of the deep levels in Si are passivated by hydrogen. Scratch lines on Si surface, which do not show any characteristic luminescence, obtain so-called D-line luminescence by hydrogen plasma treatment. It indicates that only nonradiative defects are passivated but D-line luminescence is not passivated by hydrogenation. Contrarily, typical ZnO crystal shows the green emission, which is attributed to the point defects or impurities. Hydrogen completely passivates this green emission, and in turn, enhances the band edge emission. The effect of hydrogen passivation disappeared by the annealing at temperatures higher than 600 °C. Hydrogen behaves more peculiarly in diamond. The hydrogenated diamond film shows the characteristic emission around 2.3 eV in photon energy. Since it disappears by oxidization treatment, this emission is attributed to hydrogen at the subsurface region. The detailed study indicated that hydrogen in diamond has bistable states.
Behavior of LiMn2O4 Single Crystals as Battery Cathodes
Authors: Monge María Ángeles , Amarilla José Manuel , Gutiérrez-Puebla Enrique , Campa Juan Antonio , Rasines Isidoro 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis paper deals with: i) the growth of LiMn2O4 crystals by electrocrystallisation; ii) the response of these crystals in lithium cells; and iii) a method to follow their structural and morphological changes while working as electrodes. The defects present in LiMn2O4 crystals are determined after refining the occupation at every site of the spinel structure by single-crystal Xray diffraction analyses, which lead to define two possible paths for the process of Li deinsertion-insertion. It is shown how the crystals studied follow one of these paths during cycling of the battery by virtue of a dynamic mechanism consisting in Mn migrations cooperatively induced by Li insertion and extraction.
Thermoelectric Properties of the Semiconducting Antimonide-Telluride Mo3Sb5-xTe2+x
Authors: Dashjav Enkhtsetseg , Kleinke Holger 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTypically, useful thermoelectrics are small-gap semiconductors. Mo3Sb7 would be an interesting candidate, if it were not metallic. Electronic structure calculations reveal that metallic Mo3Sb7 can be made semiconducting by heavy doping, e.g., by replacing Sb in part with Te. We succeeded in the preparation of semiconducting Mo3Sb5-xTe2+x with enhanced thermoelectric properties. Furthermore, we incorporated small M atoms into the cubic Sb/Te cage in an attempt to create the rattling effect as found in the filled skutterudites that have attracted wide interest for their outstanding thermoelectric properties.
Charge density in disordered boron carbide:B12C3. An experimental and ab-initio study.
Authors: Baldinozzi Gianguido , Dutheil Michaël , Simeone David , Leithe-Jasper Andreas 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA charge density study of boron carbide B12C3 single crystals at different temperatures allows a quantitative description of the electron density responsible for chemical bonding. These results, based on direct observations, are compared to previous models of bonding. This description points out that structural features are more complex than suggested by simple qualitative models. The effects of chemical substitution, the characteristics of the interatomic bonding, the charge transfer and the bond strength are discussed and compared to the information obtained from previous conventional refinements and ab-initio calculations in disordered B12C3.