bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Assessment of Determinants of Electoral Integrity: A Case of Independent National Electoral Commission in Nigeria
Authors: Muslim OMOLEKE, 
Published: September 2018

The paper examined determinants of Electoral integrity in Nigeria with a view to amongst others identifying the ingredients of credible elections and underlying factors that could drive the integrity of election. It is also aimed at comparing the integrity of election in Nigeria prior to 2011 and beyond. The paper relied on primary and secondary sources of data which include administration of questionnaire on relevant stakeholders, consultation of books, journals and internet surfing. The study revealed that Electoral integrity is a term that cannot be underestimated in transitional and developed democracies. The paper also discovered that transparency, capacity building and independence of the commission are the major variables that could improve the integrity of election in Nigeria. Furthermore, the 2015 election was empirically adjudged to be the freest and most acceptable election in Nigeria, while 2003 and 2007 elections were declared to be the most unacceptable elections in the country. It also revealed that unless some of the identified factors or variables shaping the integrity of electoral process are addressed, the outcome of not paying attention to these factors may result to violence at worst.
TÜRKİYE’DE 15 TEMMUZ’UN TOPLUMSAL ETKİLERİ VE ONA YOL AÇAN FAKTÖRLER ÜZERİNE DÜŞÜNCELER
Authors: ÇAKI Fahri 
Published: September 2018

Darbeler son yüzyılın en önemli sosyal/siyasal fenomenlerinden birisidir. Bazı sosyal bilimciler az-gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerde darbelerin “değişim ve ilerleme işaretleri olduğunu” ve “modernleştirici” rolleri bulunduğunu ileri sürseler de bunların aksine birçok sosyal bilimci haklı olarak askeri darbe liderlerinin ekonomik ve politik becerilerinin sınırlılığına, şiddet kullanımlarına, insan hakları ihlallerine, ülke refahını geliştirmedeki ve üretimi arttırmadaki yetersizliklerine vurgu yapar. Türkiye birçok darbe deneyimi olan bir ülkedir. Ancak öncekilerden farklı olarak Türkiye, 15 Temmuz 2016’da ilk kez bir “dini cemaat” tarafından ve onun adına girişilen bir darbe teşebbüsüne tanık olmuştur. Bu, birçok yönden kendine özgü ve derin etkileri olan bir deneyimdir. Bu deneyimin anlamını ve sosyal boyutlarını anlama çabası içinde bu makalede üç amaç güdülmektedir: a) 15 Temmuz gecesinin (ilk gece) nasıl bir öneme haiz olduğunu tartışmak, b) bu darbe girişimi deneyiminin toplumumuz üzerindeki etkilerini belirlemek, c) toplumumuzu bu deneyime sürükleyen toplumsal dinamiklerin tartışmasını yapmak. Bu amaçlar doğrultusunda yararlanılan veriler, öncelikle herkes gibi yazarın de bizzat şahidi olduğu veya medyadan takip ettiği olaylara ilişkin arşiv bilgileridir. İlaveten, konuyla ilgili mevcut literatür birikiminden elde edilen ikincil verilerden kritik bir gözle yararlanılmaya çalışılmıştır. Makalede ilk gecenin önemini ortaya koyan 5 hususu belirttikten sonra bu darbe girişiminin toplum üzerindeki en önemli etkisi olarak görülen bireylerarası güven kaybının karmaşık boyutlarını irdelemeye çalışmaktadır. Son olarak, bu darbe girişiminin arkasındaki FETÖ örgütünün doğası ve toplumsal dinamiklerine ilişkin mevcut argümanların güçlü ve zayıf yanları tartışılmakta ve sosyal sınıfsal analize ve beleşçilik kültürüne vurgu yapan argüman sunulmaktadır. Bu inceleme ve tartışmalar sonrasında 15 Temmuz darbe girişiminin arkasındaki terör örgütüyle etkili mücadele kadar toplumdaki beleşçilik kültürüyle de mücadelenin zorunlu olduğu sonucuna varılmakta ve bu mücadeleye ilişkin öneriler sunulmaktadır.
Soybean Canopy Cover Measured with Canopeo Compared with Light Interception
Authors: Shepherd Michelle J. , Lindsey Laura E. , Lindsey Alexander J. 
Published: September 2018

Core Ideas
The mobile device application Canopeo can be used to measure soybean canopy cover.
Canopeo and light interception measurements of canopy cover were linearly related.
Canopeo was faster than measuring light interception with the line quantum sensor.
Canopy cover is a useful way of monitoring crop productivity, but it can be time‐consuming to measure using light interception. The objective of this research was to evaluate soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] canopy cover measured with Canopeo, a new mobile device application, compared with the light interception method. Data were collected from a soybean planting date by relative maturity study established at three locations. Canopy cover was measured every other week throughout the growing season using pictures and videos analyzed by Canopeo and was compared with light interception measurements using a line quantum sensor. There was a linear relationship between canopy cover measured with pictures (R2 = 0.94) and videos (R2 = 0.92) in Canopeo and light interception. These results suggest Canopeo can be used to take pictures or videos to determine canopy cover as a viable alternative to measuring canopy cover in soybean.
Biochar Phosphorus Release Is Limited by High pH and Excess Calcium
Authors: Buss Wolfram , Assavavittayanon Kamonchanard , Shepherd Jessica G. , Heal Kate V. , Sohi Saran 
Published: September 2018

Aside from its use for improving soil properties, biochar is increasingly promoted as a direct nutrient provider for sustainable recycling of waste materials. However, incomplete understanding of the interacting factors that determine P release from biochar may limit the efficiency of P recycling from biochar to soil. In particular, the contrasting pH of biochar and soil need to be considered. In this study, soil‐free biochar (rice [Oryza sativa L.] husk, 700°C) extractions were performed under different pH (4.6–9.9) and extractant conditions to test how solution composition affects biochar P release. When solution pH was in the range of 7.6 to 8.6 and excess Ca was present in the solution or in biochar, P release was low—only 1 to 7% of the total P was released compared with ∼20% under most other conditions. Importantly, we demonstrate that biochar total Ca concentration is closely related to P availability (R2 = 0.76) and could be used to predict biochar P release. The results suggest that for maximum P release, low Ca concentrations in biochar and (soil) solution are needed and/or a pH <7.5 at the soil‐biochar interface. This novel understanding will help engineer sustainable biochar fertilizers optimized for P provision.Core Ideas
Phosphorus release from rice husk biochar was investigated.
Soil‐free extractions were performed at different pH and solution compositions.
The lowest P release occurred at pH 7.6 to 8.6 and in the presence of excess Ca.
A conceptual model was developed of biochar P release in different soil conditions.
Biochars with Ca <1% and/or pH <7.5 are optimal for maximum P release to soil.
Expert Views on Strategies in Ensuring Effectiveness of Housing Planning and Control Activities
Authors: Yakob Hamizah , Yusof Fatimah , Hamdan Hazlina 
Published: September 2018

The weaknesses and ineffectiveness of the planning mechanism involved in the preparation of development plans and its implementation through development control have significantly given impact to the housing production process. The objective of this paper is to explore strategies for facilitating the effectiveness of the implementation of housing planning and control among decision makers and implementers in housing development. This in-depth interview is aimed to explore their strategies or plan of actions for ensuring the effectiveness of planning activities. It was found that the strategies can be classified into two stages; the preparation stage and implementation stage.Keywords: Development Plan; Planning Control; Urban Housing Development eISSN 2398-4295 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v3i13.144
Rethinking Preschool Physical Design: Enhancing environmental stewardship among children
Authors: Shaari Mariam Felani , Sh Ahmad Sabarinah , Ismail Izaham Shah 
Published: September 2018

Children are the future guardian of the Earth. Environmental Education (EE) at preschool level is crucial for instilling environmental stewardship. This paper discusses how preschool designs can be manipulated to facilitate and enhance the EE implementation. In summary, it is suggested that preschool settings should be designed to maximise children’s interaction with nature. It not only helps to optimise children’s development and literacy but also contributes to the prediction of their intentions to appreciate and to protect the environment. Findings are useful for Malaysian policy makers and designers in designing preschools that are sustainable and support EE.Keywords: Malaysian preschool; green preschool design; children environmental behavior; environmental education.eISSN 2398-4295 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v3i13.150
Social Interaction in the Back Lanes of China Town
Authors: Wan Ismail Wan Hashimah , Ching Low Hui 
Published: September 2018

The back lane is often associated with annoying, disgusting, narrow and dark. This paper concerns the use of the back lanes of the old shop houses in China Town, Kuala Lumpur. The instruments used in collecting data include observation, unstructured interview and literature review. The use and physical characteristics of back lanes were identified. It was found that the back lanes of China Town in Kuala Lumpur showed the success of turning back streets into lively alleys. Thus, the back lane could be considered as part of urban design strategies and not as leftover spaces.Keywords: back lane; social place; pedestrian; urban eISSN 2398-4295 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v3i13.151
Traditional Streetscape Adaptability: Gentrification and endurance of business
Authors: Sholihah Arif Budi , Heath Tim 
Published: September 2018

This paper attempts to assess the adaptability quality of Malioboro Street and district related to the physical and functional transformation as part of the urban negotiation and response to the ever changing environment of Indonesian cities. The street was qualitatively measured utilising field observations including physical mapping, behavioural mapping and in-depth interviews. The finding shows urban gentrification may lead to the transformation of physical and building use, which results in the changes of Kampong plot pattern and character of a traditional streetscape, people displacement and the sustenance of the local economy. Keywords: traditional street; adaptability; gentrification; Indonesia.eISSN 2398-4295 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v3i13.155
Understanding a Specific Walkable Space via the Phenomenon of Chinese Street Vending: An actor-network theory analysis
Authors: Sun Ziwen , Bell Simon , Scott Iain 
Published: September 2018

In contemporary Chinese cities, the pervasive phenomenon of street vending often emerges in a predictable space where numerous people frequently walk or stay. Using actor-network theory as a conceptual tool, this study initially elaborates a set of physical and social processes of configuration regarding Chinese street vending in walkable spaces. The network analysis involves heterogeneous actors and multiple associations regarding two groups of people, livelihoods and demands, mobile amenities, dietary habits, urban micro-economy, and collective participation. The results illustrate additional knowledge to why walkability, and how a specific walkable space is configured in the Chinese context.Keywords: Street vendors; Walkable spaces; Actor-network theory; Specificity.eISSN 2398-4295 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v3i13.156
Utilization of Shop House Corridor in Medan
Authors: Zahrah Wahyuni , Lie Shella 
Published: September 2018

The paper means to explore how people use and perceive the shop house corridor as the most built environment found in Medan, Indonesia. The research observed the adaptation and or adjustment pattern of people in their built environment through behavioral mapping. The study did an interview with users of the space to get people perception of the built environment quality. The result indicates that people used space mostly for market activities, in particular for the movable street vendor, besides the circulation path function. The users make some adaptation to fit their needs. They “divided” urban space and mark their territory based on the “unwritten agreement” and tolerance.Keywords: Urban corridor; built environment; environment behavior; Medan.eISSN 2398-4295 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v3i13.157
Real-World Technology Use Among People With Mental Illnesses: Qualitative Study
Authors: Carpenter-Song Elizabeth , Noel Valerie A , Acquilano Stephanie C , Drake Robert E 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundThere is growing interest in using technology-based tools to support mental health recovery. Yet, despite evidence suggesting widespread access to technology among people with mental illnesses, interest in using technology to support mental health, and effectiveness of technology-based tools developed by researchers, such tools have not been widely adopted within mental health settings. Little is currently known about how mental health consumers are using technology to address mental health needs in real-world settings outside of controlled research studies.ObjectiveThis qualitative study examined current practices and orientations toward technology among consumers in 3 mental health settings in the United States.MethodsEthnographic observations and semistructured interviews were conducted. Observations focused on if and how technology was salient within the setting and documented relevant behaviors, interactions, and dialogue in fieldnotes. Ethnographic data informed the development of a semistructured interview that inquired into technology use and interest among consumers (n=15) in a community mental health setting. Fieldnotes and interview transcripts were reviewed and coded by multiple researchers. Key concepts and patterns identified were refined by the research team to develop the main findings.ResultsOwnership of technology, although common, was not ubiquitous and was varied across the sites. Participants had varying levels of awareness regarding the key capabilities of modern technologies. Participants used technology for many purposes, but there was limited evidence of technology use to support mental health. Technology-based tools specific to mental health were not routinely used, although some participants found widely available mobile apps to be helpful in recovery.ConclusionsQualitative findings suggest that many, but not all, clients will be interested in using technology to support mental health needs. The variability in type and quality of technology owned by participants suggests the need to design for a range of functionality in the development of mental health tools. Findings also suggest thinking broadly about using existing platforms and widely available tools to support consumers in mental health recovery.
Student Usage of Assessment-Based and Self-Study Online Learning Resources in Introductory Accounting
Authors: Lento Camillo 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT
This study analyzes data from online learning platforms in introductory financial accounting, and highlights three key findings. First, online learning resources linked to course assessment are more negatively associated with cramming study habits and more positively associated with final exam performance than are resources made available for self-study. Second, dynamic online learning resources (i.e., utilization of auditory and visual channels for processing information) made available for self-study are more positively associated with final exam performance than are static resources (i.e., visual channel only). Third, in-class attendance displays a strong positive correlation with online time on task in a blended learning environment. Based on these findings, this study offers some pedagogical strategies that accounting educators can adopt to adjust their blended learning environment.
JEL Classifications: A20; A22.
On Proto-Modernist Traits in Early Modern Art Theory
Authors: Milosavljević Angelina 
Published: September 2018

Early modern art and art theory are still considered by historians and theorists of art mainly in terms of aesthetic principles in the service of the representation of political and ideological concepts. However, the body of early modern art and especially theory abounds with notions, which anticipate the modernist tendencies of self-criticism. In this paper, we would like to suggest that self-criticism also characterized pre-Modernist art, complemented by advanced art criticism, especially during the Mannerist era. We would like to point out that the notion of self-criticism equally applies to both early modern art and art theory in which the specific concentration on problems of construction and composition of painting based its foundations on abstract mathematical rules, serving to justify and dignify the medium itself. Furthermore, this tendency divorced the art of painting, specifically, from the illusion of reality, thus entrenching it more firmly in its own area competence, to use Clement Greenberg’s phrase. We would also like to demonstrate that late 16th-century art theory pushed well beyond its time, especially the theory written by artists. Their programmatic reliance on pre-existing pictorial models allowed these artists-theorists to abandon the question of realism and naturalism for pure speculation, which could not have been achieved in contemporary practice. We would like to suggest that ideas of abstraction and speculation, so characteristic of Modernist art, featured well before Modernism in the writings of Mannerist artists and theorists Giorgio Vasari, Giovanni Paolo Lomazzo, and Federico Zuccari.

Article received: March 26, 2018; Article accepted: April 10, 2018; Published online: September 15, 2018; Original scholarly paper
How to cite this article: Milosavljević, Angelina. "On Proto-Modernist Traits in Early Modern Art Theory." AM Journal of Art and Media Studies 16 (2018): 19−28. doi: 10.25038/am.v0i16.251
SAÚDE NO CONTEXTO DA INTER-RELAÇÃO PÚBLICO-PRIVADO: UM BEM PÚBLICO, UM BEM DE CONSUMO OU UM DIREITO HUMANO FUNDAMENTAL COM VISTAS À UNIVERSALIDADE?
Authors: Bussinguer Elda Coelho de Azevedo , Salles Shayene Machado 
Published: September 2018

A partir de uma análise de conjuntura da saúde no contexto da relação público-privado, a pesquisa se propõe a adentrar o processo, em contínuo movimento, do desenvolvimento das políticas públicas de saúde. Buscamos promover uma análise a partir do que consideramos uma das condições determinantes para apreensão de sua transformação, a saber: a concepção que sustenta sua práxis. Nesse sentido, apresentamos três categorias juridicamente construídas – “saúde como bem público”, “saúde como bem de consumo” e “saúde como Direito Humano Fundamental” – visando a esclarecer a concepção de saúde suscitada por cada uma delas, a partir da construção teórica de suas premissas e características fundantes. Pretendemos identificar os elementos constitutivos da categorização da concepção de saúde que alicerça o desenvolvimento de políticas tipicamente neoliberais, uma vez que o alinhamento da política de saúde à proeminência do privado sobre o público tem alertado quanto a um possível retrocesso no âmbito dos direitos sociais, impondo-nos, especialmente, quanto ao setor saúde, questionar os rumos a que temos sido direcionados, em flagrante fragilização de fundamentos erigidos na Reforma Sanitária, tais como o princípio da Universalidade que alicerça o Sistema Único de Saúde.
Isolation, identification and molecular characterization of Ralstonia solanacerum isolates collected from Southern Karnataka
Authors: Teli Kalavati , Shweta H. M. , Kumar M. K. Prasanna , Kunduru Bharath , Shekar B. S. Chandra 
Published: September 2018

Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, is the major threat to tomato cultivation in all tomato growing areas of Karnataka. R. solanacearum was isolated from the infected host plants collected from different locations of southern Karnataka. The identity of the isolates was established using morphological, biochemical, and molecular analysis using species specific PCR primers. The race and biovar specificity of pathogen was determined through pathogenicity test on different host plants and the ability of isolates to use carbohydrates, respectively. Phylotype classification was done by phylotype specific multiplex PCR using phylotype specific primers. All the bacterial isolates showed the characteristic creamy white fluidal growth with pink centre on the Tetrazolium chloride medium. Further, the isolates amplified at 280 bp, which confirmed the identity of pathogen as Ralstonia solanacearum. Our results showed that all isolates belonged to Race 1 of the pathogen. Among different isolates obtained, four isolates each were identified to be Biovar III and Biovar IIIA, repectively, while two isolates were identified as Biovar IIIB. All the ten isolates were affiliated to Phylotype I of Ralstonia solanaceraum species complex. These findings may help in devising the management practices for bacterial wilt of tomato in southern Karnataka.