bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Marinobufagenin and left ventricular mass in young adults: The African-PREDICT study
Authors: Strauss Michél , Smith Wayne , Kruger Ruan , Wei Wen , Fedorova Olga V , Schutte Aletta E 
Published: July 2018

Background The endogenous steroidal inhibitor of sodium–potassium-dependent adenosine triphosphate and natriuretic hormone, marinobufagenin, plays a physiological role in ionic homeostasis. Animal models suggest that elevated marinobufagenin adversely associates with cardiac and renal, structural and functional alterations. It remains uncertain whether marinobufagenin relates to the early stages of target organ damage development, especially in young adults without cardiovascular disease. We therefore explored whether elevated 24-hour urinary marinobufagenin excretion was related to indices of subclinical target organ damage in young healthy adults. Design This cross-sectional study included 711 participants from the African-PREDICT study (black 51%, men 42%, 24.8 ± 3.02 years). Methods We assessed cardiac geometry and function by two-dimensional echocardiography and pulse wave Doppler imaging. 24-Hour urinary marinobufagenin and sodium excretion were measured, and the estimated glomerular filtration rate determined. Results Across marinobufagenin excretion quartiles, left ventricular mass ( P < 0.001), end diastolic volume ( P < 0.001), stroke volume ( P = 0.004) and sodium excretion ( P < 0.001) were higher within the fourth compared with the first quartile. Partial regression analyses indicated that left ventricular mass ( r = 0.08, P = 0.043), end diastolic volume ( r = 0.10, P = 0.010) and stroke volume ( r = 0.09, P = 0.022) were positively related to marinobufagenin excretion. In multivariate-adjusted regression analysis, left ventricular mass associated positively with marinobufagenin excretion only in the highest marinobufagenin excretion quartile (adjusted R2 = 0.20; β = 0.15; P = 0.043). This relationship between left ventricular mass and marinobufagenin excretion was evident in women (adjusted R2 = 0.06; β = 0.127; P = 0.015) but not in men (adjusted R2 = 0.06; β = 0.007; P = 0.92). Conclusions Left ventricular mass positively and independently associates with marinobufagenin excretion in young healthy adults with excessively high marinobufagenin excretion. Women may be more sensitive to the effects of marinobufagenin on early structural cardiac changes.
Human adult HSCs can be discriminated from lineage-committed HPCs by the expression of endomucin
Authors: Reckzeh Kristian , Kizilkaya Hüsün , Helbo Alexandra Søgaard , Alrich Montserrat Estruch , Deslauriers André Gundersen , Grover Amit , Rapin Nicolas , Asmar Fazila , Grønbæk Kirsten , Porse Bo , Borregaard Niels , Vestweber Dietmar , Nerlov Claus , Theilgaard-Mönch Kim 
Published: July 2018

Key Points
EMCN is a novel marker of human HSCs. EMCN is a more specific marker of HSCs than CD34 as it can discriminate HSCs from lineage-committed HPCs.
Adaptation and testing of an assessment for mental health and alcohol use problems among conflict-affected adults in Ukraine
Authors: Doty Benjamin , Haroz Emily E. , Singh Namrita S. , Bogdanov Sergiy , Bass Judith K. , Murray Laura K. , Callaway Karis L. , Bolton Paul A. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Background
In Ukraine, a large number of internally displaced persons (IDPs) and veterans experience social and psychological problems as a result of the ongoing conflict between Ukraine and Russia. Our purpose was to develop reliable and valid instruments to screen for common mental health and alcohol use problems in these populations.

Methods
We used a three-step process of instrument adaptation and testing. The instrument—the Mental Health Assessment Inventory (MHAI)—combines adapted standard screeners with items derived locally in Ukraine. A validity study was conducted using a sample of 153 adults (54% male) ages 18 years and older. All participants in the sample were IDPs or veterans living in or near the major urban areas of Kyiv and Zaporizhia. Reliability testing (internal consistency, test-retest) and validity testing (construct, criterion) of the MHAI were conducted using classical test theory. After initial testing, we used Item Response Theory (IRT) to shorten and further refine the instrument.

Results
The MHAI showed good internal consistency and test-retest reliability for the main outcomes: depression (α = 0.94; r = .84), post-traumatic stress (PTS; α = 0.97; r = 0.87), anxiety (α = 0.90; r = 0.80), and alcohol use (α = 0.86; r = 0.91). There was good evidence of convergent construct validity among the scales for depression, PTS, and anxiety, but not for alcohol use. Item Response Theory (IRT) analysis supported use of shortened versions of the scales for depression, PTS, and anxiety, as they retained comparable psychometric properties to the full scales of the MHAI.

Conclusion
The findings support the reliability and validity of the assessment—the MHAI—for screening of common mental health problems among Ukrainian IDPs and veterans. Use of IRT shortened the instrument to improve practicality and potential sustainability.
Clinical and Genomic Characterization of Treatment-Emergent Small-Cell Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer: A Multi-institutional Prospective Study
Authors: Aggarwal Rahul , Huang Jiaoti , Alumkal Joshi J. , Zhang Li , Feng Felix Y. , Thomas George V. , Weinstein Alana S. , Friedl Verena , Zhang Can , Witte Owen N. , Lloyd Paul , Gleave Martin , Evans Christopher P. , Youngren Jack , Beer Tomasz M. , Rettig Matthew , Wong Christopher K. , True Lawrence , Foye Adam , Playdle Denise , Ryan Charles J. , Lara Primo , Chi Kim N. , Uzunangelov Vlado , Sokolov Artem , Newton Yulia , Beltran Himisha , Demichelis Francesca , Rubin Mark A. , Stuart Joshua M. , Small Eric J. 
Published: July 2018

Purpose The prevalence and features of treatment-emergent small-cell neuroendocrine prostate cancer (t-SCNC) are not well characterized in the era of modern androgen receptor (AR)–targeting therapy. We sought to characterize the clinical and genomic features of t-SCNC in a multi-institutional prospective study. Methods Patients with progressive, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) underwent metastatic tumor biopsy and were followed for survival. Metastatic biopsy specimens underwent independent, blinded pathology review along with RNA/DNA sequencing. Results A total of 202 consecutive patients were enrolled. One hundred forty-eight (73%) had prior disease progression on abiraterone and/or enzalutamide. The biopsy evaluable rate was 79%. The overall incidence of t-SCNC detection was 17%. AR amplification and protein expression were present in 67% and 75%, respectively, of t-SCNC biopsy specimens. t-SCNC was detected at similar proportions in bone, node, and visceral organ biopsy specimens. Genomic alterations in the DNA repair pathway were nearly mutually exclusive with t-SCNC differentiation ( P = .035). Detection of t-SCNC was associated with shortened overall survival among patients with prior AR-targeting therapy for mCRPC (hazard ratio, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.07 to 3.82). Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of the transcriptome identified a small-cell–like cluster that further enriched for adverse survival outcomes (hazard ratio, 3.00; 95% CI, 1.25 to 7.19). A t-SCNC transcriptional signature was developed and validated in multiple external data sets with > 90% accuracy. Multiple transcriptional regulators of t-SCNC were identified, including the pancreatic neuroendocrine marker PDX1. Conclusion t-SCNC is present in nearly one fifth of patients with mCRPC and is associated with shortened survival. The near-mutual exclusivity with DNA repair alterations suggests t-SCNC may be a distinct subset of mCRPC. Transcriptional profiling facilitates the identification of t-SCNC and novel therapeutic targets.
TOR signaling in plants: conservation and innovation
Authors: Shi Lin , Wu Yue , Sheen Jen 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT
Target of rapamycin (TOR) is an evolutionarily conserved protein kinase that plays a central role in both plants and animals, despite their distinct developmental programs and survival strategies. Indeed, TOR integrates nutrient, energy, hormone, growth factor and environmental inputs to control proliferation, growth and metabolism in diverse multicellular organisms. Here, we compare the molecular composition, upstream regulators and downstream signaling relays of TOR complexes in plants and animals. We also explore and discuss the pivotal functions of TOR signaling in basic cellular processes, such as translation, cell division and stem/progenitor cell regulation during plant development.
The effects of obesity on skeletal muscle contractile function
Authors: Tallis Jason , James Rob S. , Seebacher Frank 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTObesity can cause a decline in contractile function of skeletal muscle, thereby reducing mobility and promoting obesity-associated health risks. We reviewed the literature to establish the current state-of-knowledge of how obesity affects skeletal muscle contraction and relaxation. At a cellular level, the dominant effects of obesity are disrupted calcium signalling and 5′-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity. As a result, there is a shift from slow to fast muscle fibre types. Decreased AMPK activity promotes the class II histone deacetylase (HDAC)-mediated inhibition of the myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2). MEF2 promotes slow fibre type expression, and its activity is stimulated by the calcium-dependent phosphatase calcineurin. Obesity-induced attenuation of calcium signalling via its effects on calcineurin, as well as on adiponectin and actinin affects excitation–contraction coupling and excitation–transcription coupling in the myocyte. These molecular changes affect muscle contractile function and phenotype, and thereby in vivo and in vitro muscle performance. In vivo, obesity can increase the absolute force and power produced by increasing the demand on weight-supporting muscle. However, when normalised to body mass, muscle performance of obese individuals is reduced. Isolated muscle preparations show that obesity often leads to a decrease in force produced per muscle cross-sectional area, and power produced per muscle mass. Obesity and ageing have similar physiological consequences. The synergistic effects of obesity and ageing on muscle function may exacerbate morbidity and mortality. Important future research directions include determining: the relationship between time course of weight gain and changes in muscle function; the relative effects of weight gain and high-fat diet feeding per se; the effects of obesity on muscle function during ageing; and if the effects of obesity on muscle function are reversible.
Phenotypic plasticity of Drosophila suzukii wing to developmental temperature: implications for flight
Authors: Fraimout Antoine , Jacquemart Pauline , Villarroel Bruno , Aponte David J. , Decamps Thierry , Herrel Anthony , Cornette Raphaël , Debat Vincent 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT
Phenotypic plasticity has been proposed as a mechanism that facilitates the success of biological invasions. In order to test the hypothesis of an adaptive role for plasticity in invasions, particular attention should be paid to the relationship between the focal plastic trait, the environmental stimulus and the functional importance of the trait. The Drosophila wing is particularly amenable to experimental studies of phenotypic plasticity. Wing morphology is known for its plastic variation under different experimental temperatures, but this plasticity has rarely been investigated in a functional context of flight. Here, we investigate the effect of temperature on wing morphology and flight in the invasive pest species Drosophila suzukii. Although the rapid invasion of both Europe and North America was most likely facilitated by human activities, D. suzukii is also expected to disperse actively. By quantifying wing morphology and individual flight trajectories of flies raised under different temperatures, we tested whether (1) invasive populations of D. suzukii show higher phenotypic plasticity than their native counterparts, and (2) wing plasticity affects flight parameters. Developmental temperature was found to affect both wing morphology and flight parameters (in particular speed and acceleration), leaving open the possibility of an adaptive value for wing plasticity. Our results show no difference in phenotypic plasticity between invasive and native populations, rejecting a role for wing plasticity in the invasion success.
Crowdsourced Delivery—A Dynamic Pickup and Delivery Problem with Ad Hoc Drivers
Authors: Arslan Alp M. , Agatz Niels , Kroon Leo , Zuidwijk Rob 
Published: July 2018

The trend toward shorter delivery lead times reduces operational efficiency and increases transportation costs for Internet retailers. However, mobile technology creates new opportunities to organize the last mile. In this paper, we study the concept of crowdsourced delivery that aims to use excess capacity on journeys that already take place. We consider a service platform that automatically creates matches between parcel delivery tasks and ad hoc drivers. The platform also operates a fleet of dedicated vehicles to serve the tasks that cannot be served by the ad hoc drivers. The matching of tasks, drivers, and dedicated vehicles in real time gives rise to a new variant of the dynamic pickup and delivery problem. We propose a rolling horizon framework and develop an exact solution approach to solve the matching problem each time new information becomes available. To investigate the potential benefit of crowdsourced delivery, we conduct a wide range of computational experiments. The experiments provide insights into the viability of crowdsourced delivery under various assumptions about the behavior of the ad hoc drivers. The results suggest that the use of ad hoc drivers has the potential to make the last mile more cost-efficient and can provide system-wide vehicle-mile savings up to 37% compared to a traditional delivery system with dedicated vehicles. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2017.0803 .
The endophytic bacteria producing IAA (Indole Acetic Acid) in Arachis hypogaea
Authors: HERLINA LINA , PUKAN KRISPINUS KEDATI , MUSTIKANINGTYAS DEWI 
Published: July 2018

Herlina L, Pukan KK, Mustikaningtyas D. 2017. The endophytic bacteria producing IAA (Indole Acetic Acid) in Arachis hypogaea. Cell Bio Dev 1: 31-35. Endophytic bacteria are bacteria living in plant tissue and forming colony without harms the host. Every cormophyte, plants that have a stem and root, may contain some endophytic bacteria which can produce biological compounds or secondary metabolites. The objective of the study was to obtain endophytic bacteria isolates from peanut plants (Arachis hypogaea) at three locations, and to test in vitro the ability of endophytic bacteria isolates for producing IAA, and also to analyze IAA on the growth and development of mungbean plants. The study was carried out in three stages; the first was the isolation of endophytic bacteria from the leaves, stems, and roots; the second was the test of in vitro endophytic bacteria isolates to know the ability of IAA production. IAA assay was measured by using a spectrophotometer with a wavelength of 535 nm, and the third was the introduction of IAA-producing endophytic bacteria in mungbean. The parameters observed were the length of sprouts and the number of lateral roots. The results showed that 16 isolates were selected based on IAA-producing ability. The isolates could produce different IAA with different morphological characteristics. After the fourth day of incubation, the highest and the lowest of IAA amount were 69.68 (mg L-1) and 8.50 (mg L-1) respectively. Isolates that produce high IAA levels are applied to mungbeans, it affects the number of lateral roots but it does not have effect on the length of the sprouts. DM and K1K1 isolates have the effect of increasing lateral root formation and are expected to be potential sources of bioactive metabolites.
Clarification of the term “normal material” used for standard atomic weights (IUPAC Technical Report)
Authors: Coplen Tyler B. , Holden Norman E. , Wieser Michael E. , Böhlke John Karl 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The standard atomic weights of the elements apply to normal materials. Since 1984, the Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights (Commission) has defined a normal material as:
“The material is a reasonably possible source for this element or its compounds in commerce, for industry or science; the material is not itself studied for some extraordinary anomaly and its isotopic composition has not been modified significantly in a geologically brief period.”

The term “a geologically brief period” in this definition is confusing, and confusion can be reduced by revising this definition to the following, which was accepted by the Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights at its meeting in Groningen, Netherlands in September 2017:
“Normal materials include all substances, except (1) those subjected to substantial deliberate, undisclosed, or inadvertent artificial isotopic modification, (2) extraterrestrial materials, and (3) isotopically anomalous specimens, such as natural nuclear reactor products from Oklo (Gabon) or other unique occurrences.”
Genetic Determination of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Formation: Pros and Cons
Authors: Pozharishchenskaya V. K. , Davydova I. V. , Savostianov K. V. , Namazova-Baranova L. S. , Pavlinova E. B. , Pushkov A. V. 
Published: July 2018

Currently, researches are being actively carried out to identify genetic risk factors for the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in premature infants, including genetic polymorphism encoding surfactants, matrix metalloproteinases, cytokines, growth factors, and components of the body’s antioxidant defence. The review presents the results of foreign and domestic genetic trials in this field aimed at predicting the possible formation of BLD in premature infants and providing a personalized approach to the management of such patients.
Efectos en el afrontamiento y soporte social ante la revelación de la homosexualidad a la familia: estudio comparativo en gais y lesbianas
Authors: Silva Luévanos Benjamín Emanuel 
Published: July 2018

Objetivo: El presente trabajo es resultado de una investigación que se realizó en las ciudades de Monclova y Saltillo en el estado de Coahuila, México, con el objetivo de indagar acerca de la autopercepción que tienen gais y lesbianas respecto de los efectos en su afrontamiento y del soporte social después de haber revelado su homosexualidad a la familia.
Método: Para medir las variables de estudio se empleó la Batería de Evaluación Psicosocial de Sucesos Vital (Cantú y Álvarez, 2009; 2013), la cual se aplicó a 30 sujetos: 15 gais y 15 lesbianas. Los datos se analizaron de forma descriptiva y comparando ambos grupos respecto a cada variable, a través de la prueba T de Student.
Resultados: Respecto al afrontamiento y al soporte social no se encuentra diferencia significativa, mostrando ambos grupos estrategias de afrontamiento para resolver problemas. En cuanto al soporte social se encontraron diferencias significativas en dos ítems: “obtuve apoyo emocional de familiares que no viven en casa”, y “tuve ayuda económica o de información de mi pareja en relación a la situación”, y tanto lesbianas como gais encuentran mayor soporte social en amistades.
Conclusiones: Hombres y mujeres tienen una consideración negativa de la homosexualidad, incluso aquellos que se reconocen como homosexuales; además, tanto gais como lesbianas encuentran mayor soporte fuera de la familia y concretamente en amistades. Por ello, en un inicio la revelación de la propia homosexualidad no suelen hacerla a la familia. Resulta necesario un proceso de reorganización del individuo, así como de la familia y del grupo social a fin de modificar la consideración negativa a priori dominante acerca de la homosexualidad.
La importancia de las estrategias de afrontamiento en el bienestar psicológico en una muestra escolarizada de adolescentes
Authors: Uribe Urzola Alicia , Ramos Vidal Ignacio , Villamil Benítez Ilse , Palacio Sañudo Jorge Enrique 
Published: July 2018

Objetivo: Esta investigación tuvo como propósito identificar la relación entre las estrategias de afrontamiento y el bienestar psicológico.
Método: Se empleó un diseño transversal correlacional en una muestra de 104 adolescentes que estudian en colegios públicos de la ciudad de Montería (Córdoba, Colombia). Se aplicó la Escala de Afrontamiento para Adolescentes y el cuestionario de Bienestar Psicológico.
Resultados: Se identificó una asociación significativa entre las variables de afrontamiento y bienestar psicológico.
Conclusión: Los adolescentes que utilizan de forma recurrente estrategias de afrontamiento dirigidas a la resolución de problemas y a la búsqueda de apoyo social presentan mayores niveles de bienestar psicológico.
Anomalías congénitas de los riñones y de las vías urinarias, una revisión de la literatura*
Authors: Ordoñez Bastidas Manuel Santiago , Molina Urbina Nadia Ximena , Ortiz Roberth Alirio , Restrepo Jaime Manuel , Acosta Aragón Maria Amparo 
Published: July 2018

Proporcionar a los profesionales de la salud, conocimientos básicos en la detección, abordaje y seguimiento de las anomalías congénitas del riñón y de la vía urinaria. Materiales y métodos: Revisión no sistemática de la literatura, se accedió a las bases de datos PubMed, LILACS, Science Direct, Tripdatabase, Cochrane Library, Biblioteca Virtual en Salud y revistas de nefrología pediá- trica. Se incluyeron publicaciones de los últimos 25 años. Se utilizaron los términos MeSH “Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract, Hydronephrosis, risk factors, prenatal diagnosis, congenital abnormalities”. Resultados: Se han identificado dos importantes factores de riesgo para desarrollar estas patologías, el primero la Diabetes pregestacional, es decir“, aquella diabetes conocida previamente a la gestación, bien diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (DM1), diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) o intolerancia a los carbohidratos”, en segundo lugar el bajo o tardío consumo de micronutrientes de la gestación. Conclusiones: La diabetes mellitus pregestacional y el bajo consumo de micronutrientes antes o durante la gestación, se ven relacionado con el desarrollo de las anomalías renales y de la vía urinaria en el feto, aunque no las explican en la mayoría de casos.
KOMPETENSI TENAGA PENDIDIK PENDIDIKAN NONFORMAL DALAM MEMBANGUN KEMANDIRIAN WARGA BELAJAR
Authors: Kamil Mustafa 
Published: July 2018

Non-formal education quality will be reached if it is developed by professional and competent nonformal education personnel. Two factors needed by non-formal education personnel in strengthening their professionalism and competencies are the skills and abilities in developing and improving learnersâ€™ autonomy. This article discusses (1) the definitions of non-formal learnersâ€™ autonomy, (2 ) the roles and tasks of non-formal education personel in performing non-formal learnersâ€™ autonomy, and (3) a set of competencies and skill of non-formal education personnel in performing non-formal learnersâ€™ autonomy. In conclusion some suggestions to improve the quality of non-formal education personnel presented.
PEMBERDAYAAN PERAN IBU DALAM PAUD INFORMAL BERBASIS KELUARGA MELALUI PENDAMPINGAN AKTIVITAS IBU DAN ANAK DI RUMAH DENGAN METODE BERMAIN PERAN
Authors: Suryani Lilis 
Published: July 2018

Informal early child education has not been well developed and there are many mothers who do not understand how to educate a child properly, suitable for the child development and characteristics. Educating the child in the family is rarely done by mother and it becomes more difficult when it has to face motherâ€™s domestic daily routine activities which consume a lot of time. This article puts forward a number of reasons why early child education is neglected in the family and purposes how a mother should educate a child properly.