bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The salivary microbiome of diabetic and non‐diabetic adults with periodontal disease
Authors: Sabharwal Amarpreet , Ganley Kevin , Miecznikowski Jeffrey C. , Haase Elaine M. , Barnes Virginia , Scannapieco Frank A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundA comparison of the salivary microbiome of non‐diabetic and diabetic cohorts having periodontal health, gingivitis and periodontitis could reveal microbial signatures unique to each group that will increase understanding of the role of oral microbiota in the pathogenesis of disease, and assist with diagnosis and risk assessment for both periodontal disease and diabetes.MethodsA group of individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2D) was compared with a group without T2D. For both the diabetic and non‐diabetic cohorts, three subgroups were established: periodontal health, gingivitis, and periodontitis. Salivary DNA was extracted (n = 146), polymerase chain reaction was performed to amplify 16S rRNA hypervariable region V3‐V4, and constructed libraries were sequenced and subjected to bioinformatic and statistical analyses.ResultsMicrobiome analysis resulted in 88 different genus level operational taxonomic units (OTUs) for differential abundance testing. Results were largely described by two trends. Trend 1 showed OTUs that increased in abundance with increasing periodontal disease, and in diabetics relative to non‐diabetics. Trend 1 OTUs comprised a mix of primarily anaerobic commensals and potential periodontopathogens. Trend 2 was driven primarily by genera that decreased in abundance in those with diabetes relative to those without diabetes, which included other anaerobes associated with periodontal disease. Overall, oral microbial diversity decreased in diabetics and increased with progression of periodontal disease compared with periodontally healthy controls.ConclusionAlthough select microbiota increased in both diabetes and periodontal disease progression, these genera decreased in co‐existing diabetes and periodontal disease. These findings suggest that the genera abundance continues to change with additional stress imposed by co‐existing conditions.
Effects of biochar application on soil potassium dynamics and crop uptake
Authors: Wang Li , Xue Cheng , Nie Xinxing , Liu Yi , Chen Fang 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBiochar has been suggested as a possible means for enhancing soil fertility, including soil potassium (K). However, understanding of the effects of biochar on soil K dynamics remains limited. In this study, a pot trial was conducted to investigate the influence of biochar application (0, 5, 10, and 25 g kg−1soil) on soil K dynamics and crop K uptake under a winter wheat–maize rotation in two types of soil (an Alfisol, which contained a high initial available K and an Entisol, which contained a high abundance of 2 : 1 K‐bearing minerals). Changes in soil K in various forms following biochar application and cropping were determined, and their contributions to plant K uptake were evaluated. Soil microbial activity, especially the development of K‐dissolving bacteria (KDB), was evaluated to obtain insights into its effects on the weathering of K‐bearing minerals in the soils. During the wheat growth period, crop K uptake was more enhanced (13.6–40.5% higher) in the Alfisol than in the Entisol due to the higher availability of water‐soluble and exchangeable K, while K fixation occurred in the Entisol because of the higher content of 2 : 1 K‐bearing minerals. During the maize period, crop K uptake was generally higher in the Entisol soil due to the release of non‐exchangeable K. In addition, biochar application enhanced the growth of KDB in both soils, which was associated with changes in soil pH and water‐soluble K. However, improved mineral K release was observed only in the Entisol. It is concluded that biochar application could be a feasible soil amendment to improve soil K availability, but crop K uptake responses may vary depending on soil types. Soils abundant in 2 : 1 K‐bearing minerals tend to prolong biochar effects on crop K uptake. Biochar application enhanced the growth of KDB, which may facilitate mineral K weathering in soils with abundant K‐bearing minerals.
Hyper‐spectral Raman imaging correlating chemical substitution and crystallinity in biogenic hydroxyapatite: Dentin and enamel in normal and hypoplastic human teeth
Authors: Wang Ping , Anderson Evan J.D. , Muller Eric A. , Gao Fuhua , Zhong Yisi , Raschke Markus B. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractMicro‐Raman imaging and spectroscopy has become an established technique for the characterization of biogenic hydroxyapatite as, for example, the primary constituent of human teeth. However, few studies have yet gone beyond a qualitative analysis of the Raman response providing only limited insight into spatial heterogeneity of composition, structure, and degree of crystallinity. Here, we show how correlative electron microprobe and extended hyperspectral Raman imaging with high spatial and spectral resolution, with peak position and linewidth analysis, and from the μm to mm scale, provides insight into structural characteristics in dentin and enamel. From comparison of healthy and hypoplastic teeth as a representative tooth disease example, we determine variations in degree of crystallinity, both locally across the dentin–enamel junction, and with distinct long‐range spatial variations. We identify a correlation of spectral peak position and linewidth as a measure of crystal lattice disorder across tubules, dentin, dentin–enamel junction, and enamel. This correlative Raman imaging and analysis approach may help to provide a better understanding of apatite geochemistry and biomineralization.
Cover Image, Volume 98, Issue 11
Authors: Duffy Ciara , O'Riordan Dolores , O'Sullivan Michael , Jacquier Jean‐Christophe 
Published: July 2018

The cover image, by Ciara Duffy et al., is based on the Research Article In vitro evaluation of chitosan copper chelate gels as a multimicronutrient feed additive for cattle, DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8939.
image
A sensitive, high‐throughput, and eco‐friendly analysis of daidzein and its valine carbamate prodrug in rat plasma by supercritical fluid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Li Yingchao , Zhang Xingxing , Bai Xiaochen , Li Xiaoting , Jiang Qikun , Zhang Tianhong 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA valine carbamate prodrug of daidzein was synthesized to improve its bioavailability because of the poor solubility and low permeability of daidzein. To evaluate the pharmacokinetic behavior of the prodrug, a sensitive and high‐throughput method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of daidzein and its prodrug in rat plasma. The samples were extracted by ethyl acetate and then analyzed by a supercritical fluid chromatography with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry method. The separation was achieved by an ACQUITY UPC2™ BEH 2‐EP column maintained at 40°C using carbon dioxide (≥99.99%) and methanol within 3.0 min by gradient elution. The mass transition ion pairs were m/z 254.8→136.7, 398.0→254.9, and 271.0→91.07 for daidzein, the prodrug, and genistein, respectively. The calibration curves were linear over the concentration ranges of 2–500 (r > 0.997) and 10.0–5000.0 ng/mL (r > 0.996) with lower limits of quantification of 2 and 10 ng/mL for daidzein and the prodrug, respectively. The intra‐ and interday accuracy and precision were within ±15% for all quality control samples. This developed method enabled high specificity, low cost, low solvent consumption, and a brief analysis time and was successfully applied to a bioavailability evaluation of daidzein and its carbamate prodrug.
Influence of acid hydrolysis, saponification and sample clean‐up on the measurement of phytosterols in dairy cattle feed using GC–MS and GC with flame ionization detection
Authors: Duong Samantha , Strobel Norbert , Buddhadasa Saman , Stockham Katherine , Auldist Martin J. , Wales William J. , Moate Peter J. , Orbell John D. , Cran Marlene J. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe fortification of processed foods including dairy products is increasingly commonplace with phytosterols among many compounds used to improve the nutritional value of food products. It is also increasingly common practice for some dairy cattle feeds to be fortified for their potential to increase phytosterol levels in milk. In this study, a combined, streamlined protocol using acid hydrolysis, saponification and sample clean‐up was developed to enable the rapid and reliable measurement of phytosterols. The method was developed with focus on streamlining the overall technique to make it suitable for commercial laboratories, to reduce labor and consumable costs, while maintaining accuracy. A total of 12 different feed types commonly used in the dairy industry were analyzed with the highest and lowest sterol contents found in cotton seed oil and tannin with average phytosterol contents of 256 and <30 mg per 100 g, respectively. With a limit of reporting of 30 mg/kg for individual sterols and a correlation coefficient > 0.99, the method was validated for milk to enable feed comparison studies with respect to the total phytosterol content in raw milk.
The sensory perception item set (SPI): An exploratory effort to develop a holistic scale for sensory marketing
Authors: Haase Janina , Wiedmann Klaus‐Peter 
Published: July 2018

AbstractSensory marketing is increasingly gaining importance as a promising approach to effectively appeal to consumers. To predict and monitor the success of sensory marketing activities, it is necessary to assess consumers’ perception of sensory cues. For this purpose, the authors present an exploratory effort to develop a holistic scale to measure consumers’ sensory perception along the five dimensions of visual, acoustic, haptic, olfactory, and gustatory perception—the sensory perception item set (SPI). The SPI consists of 20 adjectives (four per sense) and is the first measurement tool that includes, and thus enables a consistent measurement with regard to, all five senses. In addition, the SPI is simple to employ and is applicable to diverse products and industries. Based on three studies, the authors provide evidence of the reliability and validity of the SPI. Further, the results show that the SPI is significantly correlated with three essential marketing‐related outcome variables (attitude, word‐of‐mouth recommendation, and buying intention). Consequently, this paper presents an approach that marketing managers may employ to better understand the consumer and, hence, to receive valuable information for product design or brand communication.
Heparin‐Mimicking Sulfonated Polymer Nanoparticles via RAFT Polymerization‐Induced Self‐Assembly
Authors: Gurnani Pratik , Bray Caroline P. , Richardson Robert A. E. , Peltier Raoul , Perrier Sébastien 
Published: July 2018

AbstractHeparin plays a significant role in wound healing and tissue regeneration applications, through stabilization of fibroblast growth factors (FGF). Risks associated with batch‐to‐batch variability and contamination from its biological sources have led to the development of synthetic, highly sulfonated polymers as promising heparin mimics. In this work, a systematic study of an aqueous polymerization‐induced self‐assembly (PISA) of styrene from poly(2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropane sodium sulfonate) (P(AMPS)) macro reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (macro‐RAFT) agents produced a variety of spherical heparin‐mimicking nanoparticles, which were further characterized with light scattering and electron microscopy techniques. None of the nanoparticles tested showed toxicity against mammalian cells; however, significant hemolytic activity was observed. Nonetheless, the heparin‐mimicking nanoparticles outperformed both heparin and linear P(AMPS) in cellular proliferation assays, suggesting increased bFGF stabilization efficiencies, possibly due to the high density of sulfonated moieties at the particle surface.
Constitutive Activation of the Nutrient Sensor mTORC1 in Myeloid Cells Induced by Tsc1 Deletion Protects Mice from Diet‐Induced Obesity
Authors: Paschoal Vivian A. , Belchior Thiago , Amano Mariane T. , Burgos‐Silva Marina , Peixoto Albert S. , Magdalon Juliana , Vieira Thayna S. , Andrade Maynara L. , Moreno Mayara F. , Chimin Patricia , Câmara Niels O. , Festuccia William T. 
Published: July 2018

ScopeTo test whether myeloid cells Tsc1 deletion and therefore constitutive activation of the nutrient sensor mTORC1 protects from high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced obesity, glucose intolerance, and adipose tissue inflammation.Methods and resultsMice with Tsc1 deletion in myeloid cells (MTsc1KO) and littermate controls (MTsc1WT) were fed with HFD for 8 weeks and evaluated for body weight, glucose homeostasis, and adipose tissue inflammation. MTsc1KO mice were protected from HFD‐induced obesity and glucose intolerance. MTsc1KO, however, displayed, independently of the diet, abnormal behavior, episodes of intense movement, and muscle spasms followed by temporary paralysis. To investigate whether obesity protection was due to myeloid cells Tsc1 deletion, bone marrow was transplanted from MTsc1WT and MTsc1KO into irradiated C57BL6/J mice. Mice transplanted with MTsc1KO bone marrow displayed reduced body weight gain, adiposity, and inflammation, and enhanced energy expenditure, glucose tolerance and adipose tissue M2 macrophage content upon HFD feeding, in the absence of abnormal behavior. In vitro, Tsc1 deletion increased in a mTORC1‐dependent manner macrophage polarization to M2 profile and mRNA levels of fatty acid binding protein 4 and PPARγ.ConclusionConstitutive mTORC1 activation in myeloid cells protects mice from HFD‐induced obesity, adipose tissue inflammation, and glucose intolerance by promoting macrophage polarization to M2 pro‐resolution profile and increasing energy expenditure.
The Asymptotic Expansion Load Decomposition elastoplastic beam model
Authors: Corre Grégoire , Lebée Arthur , Sab Karam , Ferradi Mohammed Khalil , Cespedes Xavier 
Published: July 2018

SummaryA new higher‐order elastoplastic beam model is derived and implemented in this paper. The reduced kinematic approximation is based on a higher‐order elastic beam model using the asymptotic expansion method. This model introduces new degrees of freedom associated to arbitrary loads as well as eigenstrains applied to the beam. In order to capture the effect of plasticity on the structure, the present elastoplastic model considers the plastic strain as an eigenstrain imposed on the structure, and new degrees of freedom are added on the fly into the kinematics during the incremental‐iterative process. The radial return algorithm of J2 plastic flow is used. Because of the constant evolution of beam kinematics, the Newton‐Raphson algorithm for satisfying the global equilibrium is modified. An application to a cantilever beam loaded at its free extremity is presented and compared to a three‐dimensional reference solution. The beam model shows satisfying results even at a local scale and for a significantly reduced computation time.
Solving chance constrained optimal control problems in aerospace via kernel density estimation
Authors: Caillau J.‐B. , Cerf M. , Sassi A. , Trélat E. , Zidani H. 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThe goal of this paper is to show how nonparametric statistics can be used to solve some chance constrained optimization and optimal control problems. We use the kernel density estimation method to approximate the probability density function of a random variable with unknown distribution from a relatively small sample. We then show how this technique can be applied and implemented for a class of problems including the Goddard problem and the trajectory optimization of an Ariane five‐like launcher.
Thermoplastic starch and glutaraldehyde modified thermoplastic starch foams prepared using supercritical carbon dioxide fluid as a blowing agent
Authors: Peng Jia‐li , Peng Xuan‐long , Runt James , Huang Chao‐ming , Huang Kuo‐shien , Yeh Jen‐taut 
Published: July 2018

Supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) processed thermoplastic starch (scCO2aTPS), cellulose nanofiber (CNF) modified scCO2aTPS (scCO2aTPS100CNF0.02) and glutaraldehyde (GA) modified scCO2aTPS100CNF0.02 (scCO2aTPS100CNF0.02GAx) foams were prepared for the first time using scCO2 as a blowing agent during their foaming processes. The expansion ratio, cell density, moisture resistance, and compressive strength (σc) retention properties of each foam series were considerably improved with increasing scCO2 pressure during the foaming processes. The expansion ratios and cell densities of each scCO2aTPS100CNF0.02GAx foam series were increased considerably to a maximum value, as the GA content approached an optimum value. The optimal scCO211TPS100CNF0.02GA1.6 foam material exhibited a high expansion ratio and cell density at approximately 50 and approximately 8 × 108 cells/cm3, respectively. Compared with corresponding aged scCO2aTPS and scCO2aTPS100CNF0.02 foam specimens, considerably better moisture resistance and σc retention properties were observed for scCO2aTPS100CNF0.02GAx foam specimens, when they were modified with the corresponding optimum GA content. The moisture resistance and σc retention for optimal prepared scCO27TPS100CNF0.02GA0.4, scCO29TPS100CNF0.02GA0.8 and scCO211TPS100CNF0.02GA1.6 foam materials improved further with increasing scCO2 pressure. Possible reasons accounting for the highly expansion ratio, moisture resistance, and σc retention properties for scCO2aTPS100CNF0.02GAx foams are presented.
Sulfonated poly (styrene‐co‐ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) with attractive ion exchange capacity
Authors: Theodoro Thiago R. , Dias Joslaine R. , Penariol Júlia L. , Moura Juliana O.V. , Aguiar Leandro G. 
Published: July 2018

Sulfonated resins are applied as catalysts in different reactions such as esterification, etherification, and transesterification. Poly (styrene‐co‐divinylbenzene) particles are the most used material for this kind of application. However, the development of copolymer resins with a longer crosslinker and more flexible chains could improve diffusion, mechanical, and chemical properties allowing the development of customized materials. In the present study, the use of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, as crosslinker, was assessed in order to find optimal conditions to produce particles with high ion exchange capacity. The experimental study provided sulfonated styrene‐co‐(ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) with ion exchange capacities up to 5.98 meq/g. The present formulations provided resins with similar properties when compared with ion exchange capacity of commercially available products, such as Amberlyst® and Lewatit® resins. Furthermore, the present sulfonation process is energetically attractive because the reactions can be carried out at relatively low temperatures (approximately 58°C) and less reagent amounts in comparison with well‐known synthesis processes.
An overview of internationalization and its relevance for school and educational psychology
Authors: Begeny John C. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis paper serves as the introductory article for the special issue titled, Internationalization in School and Educational Psychology. The paper begins with a summary of the existing literature about internationalization and describes how there are both similarities and differences in the many proposed descriptions and definitions of internationalization. Possible reasons for advancing internationalization within psychology are described next, including those that are applicable for the subdiscipline of school and educational psychology. The paper also describes the scope of this special issue, why it may be timely for the subdiscipline, and its overall goals (i.e., to promote increased understanding and discussion about internationalization, particularly in the context of school and educational psychology).
Stereoselectivity in a series of 7‐alkylbicyclo[3.2.0]hept‐2‐enes: Experimental and computational perspectives
Authors: Leber Phyllis , Kidder Katherine , Viray Don , Dietrich‐Peterson Eric , Fang Yuan , Davis Alexander 
Published: July 2018

AbstractRate constants for overall decomposition (kd) for a series of exo‐7‐alkylbicyclo[3.2.0]hept‐2‐enes are relatively invariant. For the alkyl substituents ethyl, propyl, butyl, isopropyl, and t‐butyl, the ratio of the rate constant for [1,3] sigmatropic rearrangement to the rate constant for fragmentation, k13/kf, is significantly lower than k13/kf = 150 observed for exo‐7‐methylbicyclo[3.2.0]hept‐2‐ene. Regardless of the size and mass of the alkyl group, the stereoselectivity of the [1,3] carbon migration appears to be quite stable at 80% to 89% suprafacial inversion (si), an observation consistent with conservation of angular momentum but not conservation of orbital symmetry. This global result comports with the phenomenon of “dynamic matching” espoused by Carpenter and collaborators for [1,3] sigmatropic rearrangements in general.
Processing optimization: A way to improve the ionic conductivity and dielectric loss of electroactive polymers
Authors: Pedroli Francesco , Marrani Alessio , Le Minh‐Quyen , Froidefond Cédric , Cottinet Pierre‐Jean , Capsal Jean‐Fabien 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTElectro‐active polymers (EAPs) such as P(VDF‐TrFE‐CTFE) are greatly promising in the field of flexible sensors and actuators, but their low dielectric strength driven by ionic conductivity is a main concern for achieving high electrostrictive performance. It is well known that there is a quadratic dependence of the strain response and mechanical energy density on the applied electric field. This dependence highlights the importance of improving the electrical breakdown EAPs while reducing the dielectric losses. This article demonstrates that it is possible to dramatically increase the electrical breakdown and decrease the dielectric losses by controlling processing parameters of the polymer synthesis and fabrication procedure. As a result, an enhancement of around 70% is achieved in both the strain and blocking force. The effects on the dielectric losses of the polymer crystallinity, molecular weight, solvent purity, and crystallization temperature are also investigated. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2018, 56, 1164–1173
Induction of NAD (P)H: Quinone reductase 1 (QR1) and antioxidant activities in vitro of ‘Toranja Burarama’ (Citrus maxima [Burm.] Merr.)
Authors: da Silva Elysiane S. , Oliveira Bruno G. , Pereira Ana Claudia H. , Pimentel Elisângela F. , Pezzuto John M. , Lenz Dominik , Kondratyuk Tamara P. , Andrade Tadeu U. , Fronza Marcio , Scherer Rodrigo , Maia June F. , Romão Wanderson , Alves Flávio de L. , Ventura José A. , Endringer Denise C. 
Published: July 2018

Toranja ‘Burarama’, Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr. (Citrus grandis), is a new citrus discovered in the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil. As several varieties of citrus are known to possess antioxidant and cancer chemopreventive properties, the aim of the study was to evaluate in vitro if this Toranja possess these properties. The antioxidant activity, the potential to induce quinone reductase 1, and the influence on cell viability were measured. ESI(‐)FT‐ICR MS analysis was also performed and identified flavonoids, coumarins, and fatty acids in the extract. The ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts of the peels presented the highest antioxidant activity in vitro by DPPH (IC50 = 298.3 ± 2.6 μg/ml and 303.8 ± 0.4 μg/ml), ABTS assay (IC50 = 298.2 ± 6.4 μg/ml and 296.4 ± 2.5 μg/ml), and FRAP (IC50 = 234.6 ± 1.8 μg/ml and 398.1 ± 3.8 μg/ml). The ethyl acetate extract of the peel induced quinone reductase 1 activity in Hepa1c1c7 cells, indicating that C. maxima exhibited cancer chemopreventive properties.