bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Liver Failure and Conjugated Hyperbilirubinemia in a Preterm Neonate: Role of Early IVIG and Exchange Transfusion
Authors: Nair Jayasree , Kumar Vasantha 
Published: May 2018

AbstractNeonatal liver failure (NLF) is a rare diagnosis but carries with it significant risks of mortality and morbidity. Common etiologies for NLF include metabolic causes, gestational alloimmune liver disease (GALD or neonatal hemochromatosis), and viral infections. We report a case of liver failure in a premature infant with abnormal iron profile within 48 hours of birth. Lack of accepted guidelines for the initial management of severe jaundice with a high direct component in the first week after birth made treatment challenging. The infant underwent intensive phototherapy along with four exchange transfusions (ET) and two courses of intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG). The clinical goals were to keep total bilirubin values ≤ 20 mg/dL in this premature neonate and to minimize the risk of bilirubin-induced neurologic dysfunction and decompensated liver failure. Abnormal iron studies and later magnetic resonance imaging were suggestive of GALD. Liver functions improved over time with normal neurodevelopmental assessment at 3 years of age. To conclude, in infants with NLF soon after birth, earlier consideration of IVIG/ET in the first few days may be beneficial. Larger multicenter data analyses are required to formulate treatment guidelines and indications for phototherapy, ET, and IVIG in sick neonates with NLF.
Regulation of myeloid cell phagocytosis by LRRK2 via WAVE2 complex stabilization is altered in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Kim Kwang Soo , Marcogliese Paul C. , Yang Jungwoo , Callaghan Steve M. , Resende Virginia , Abdel-Messih Elizabeth , Marras Connie , Visanji Naomi P. , Huang Jana , Schlossmacher Michael G. , Trinkle-Mulcahy Laura , Slack Ruth S. , Lang Anthony E. ,   Canadian Lrrk2 in Inflammation Team (CLINT), Park David S. , Brown Earl , Gibbings Derrick , Hayley Shawn , Park David , Philpott Dana C. , Rioux John D. , Schlossmacher Michael , Schurr Erwin 
Published: May 2018

Significance
Determining the role for LRRK2, the most common Parkinson’s disease (PD) gene in neurons has been a challenge for the field. Combining interaction data from an unbiased screen in flies and a conserved physical relationship, we show that LRRK2 binds and phosphorylates the actin remodeling protein WAVE2 specifically in myeloid cells. Furthermore, we demonstrate that this relationship is important for WAVE2 stability and the dynamics of the phagocytic response. Finally, we provide evidence that in both mammalian cocultures, flies, and a murine model of PD that LRRK2s action on WAVE2 may be important for neuronal survival. This work supports the role for LRRK2 in immune-signaling and the role for the immune system in the pathogenesis and progression of PD.
Sequentially bridged graphene sheets with high strength, toughness, and electrical conductivity
Authors: Wan Sijie , Li Yuchen , Mu Jiuke , Aliev Ali E. , Fang Shaoli , Kotov Nicholas A. , Jiang Lei , Cheng Qunfeng , Baughman Ray H. 
Published: May 2018

Significance
There is a continuing search for manufacturable sheets having high strength and toughness in all sheet directions for diverse applications, from airplanes to windmills. Cross-plied carbon fibers in a polymer resin requiring high-temperature cure presently provide the common solution. We demonstrate cross-linked graphene sheets that are manufacturable from graphene platelets, which are resin-free, processable at low temperature, contain less than 10 wt % additives, and provide high strength and record toughness in all in-plane directions. This advance results from successive use of π–π and covalent cross-linking agents. Simultaneous enhancement of strength, durability, and electrical conductivity are demonstrated. Spectroscopic measurements, including Raman studies of interplatelet stress transfer, elucidate the chemical nature and physical consequences of these dual cross-linking agents.
Approach to classify, separate, and enrich objects in groups using ensemble sorting
Authors: Turk-MacLeod Rebecca , Henson Alon , Rodriguez-Garcia Marc , Gibson Graham M. , Aragon Camarasa Gerardo , Caramelli Dario , Padgett Miles J. , Cronin Leroy 
Published: May 2018

Significance
The sorting and separation of objects, from single cells, droplets, or macromolecules, to materials, is an important operation central to many scientific investigations. Indeed, it is central to the fabrication of machines and detection technologies; however, most methods focus on separating individual components which can be costly and time-consuming, and it is difficult to achieve high throughput at low error rates. Here, we propose a simple method applicable over a large size and material range to sort objects in groups or ensembles using a set of registers, which are themselves sorted again, and then re-sorted iteratively. The result is a lossless enrichment process that leads to a very high purity and can cope with errors and highly dynamic populations.
Insulin suppresses the production of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23)
Authors: Bär Ludmilla , Feger Martina , Fajol Abul , Klotz Lars-Oliver , Zeng Shufei , Lang Florian , Hocher Berthold , Föller Michael 
Published: May 2018

SignificanceFibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) regulates phosphate and vitamin D metabolism and induces left heart hypertrophy. The importance of FGF23 is supported by the consequences of FGF23 deficiency: FGF23-deficient mice have a significantly reduced life span and recapitulate human age-associated diseases. Moreover, FGF23 has gained attention as a potential disease biomarker due to its positive correlation with disease activity, progression, and outcome in chronic kidney disease or cardiovascular disorders. It is, however, not entirely clear whether FGF23 merely indicates disease or actively contributes to disease progression. Therefore, it is important to explore the regulation of FGF23 production, which is similarly incompletely understood. Our paper identifies fundamental insulin/IGF1-dependent PI3K/Akt/FOXO1 signaling as a key suppressor of FGF23 formation.
Effects of the hippopotamus on the chemistry and ecology of a changing watershed
Authors: Stears Keenan , McCauley Douglas J. , Finlay Jacques C. , Mpemba James , Warrington Ian T. , Mutayoba Benezeth M. , Power Mary E. , Dawson Todd E. , Brashares Justin S. 
Published: May 2018

Significance
Hippopotami exert a strong influence on the biogeochemistry and ecology of freshwater ecosystems by excreting terrestrially derived organic matter into these systems. These impacts are likely to be strongly controlled by hydrology. In sub-Saharan Africa, anthropogenic water abstraction and climate change are significantly altering water cycles, often reducing dry-season flow. In this study, we report how hippopotami shape water chemistry and biodiversity patterns in a human-altered river. Importantly, we note that during recently prolonged low-flow periods the influence of the hippopotamus was greatly altered such that its nutrient contributions promoted eutrophication and affected biodiversity. These results highlight the extent to which human modification of environmental systems may unexpectedly alter the impacts of ecologically influential species at multiple scales.
Salicylic acid-independent role of NPR1 is required for protection from proteotoxic stress in the plant endoplasmic reticulum
Authors: Lai Ya-Shiuan , Renna Luciana , Yarema John , Ruberti Cristina , He Sheng Yang , Brandizzi Federica 
Published: May 2018

Significance
The biosynthetic ability of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is essential to eukaryotic life. Disruption of such ability ignites ER stress, a potentially lethal condition. Known sensors perceive and respond to ER stress, but how their signaling is modulated is largely unknown, especially in plants. We demonstrate that the transcriptional cofactor NPR1, previously involved in salicylic acid (SA)-mediated immune defense, is translocated to the nucleus upon ER stress-induced reduction of the cytosolic redox potential, which is generally induced by SA. We also show that NPR1 interacts with the unfolded protein response (UPR) regulators bZIP28 and bZIP60 and suppresses the UPR independently from SA. This work identifies NPR1 as a critical modulator of the plant UPR and demonstrates convergence of signal decoding in ER stress and SA-mediated defense.
Effect of quartz-powder on the properties of conventional cementitious materials and geopolymers
Authors: Rashad Alaa M. 
Published: May 2018

In the recent years, grinding technology has been brought a new product with prospective properties. If quartz sand is ground, a new product is obtained with superior properties than its original. The literature contains some studies focused on employing quartz powder (QP) in traditional cementitious materials and geopolymers as additives to obtain modified matrices. This article presents a brief of the past studies fixated on adding QP into different matrices. Fresh and hardened properties have been briefed. This review was submitted as part of the 2018 Materials Literature Review Prize of the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining run by the Editorial Board of MST. Sponsorship of the prize by TWI Ltd is gratefully acknowledged.
Numerical investigation of porous materials composites reinforced with natural fibers
Authors: Chikhi M , Metidji N , Mokhtari F , Merzouk N k 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The present article tends to predict the effective thermal properties of porous biocomposites materials. The composites matrix consists on porous materials namely gypsum and the reinforcement is a natural fiber as date palm fibers. The numerical study is done using Comsol software resolving the heat transfer equation. The results are fitted with theoretical model and experimental results. The results of this study indicate that the porosity has an effect on the Effective thermal conductivity biocompoites.
Hypertension Induced Morphological and Physiological Changes in Cells of the Arterial Wall
Authors: Martinez-Quinones Patricia , McCarthy Cameron G , Watts Stephanie W , Klee Nicole S , Komic Amel , Calmasini Fabiano B , Priviero Fernanda , Warner Alexander , Chenghao Yu , Wenceslau Camilla F 
Published: May 2018

AbstractMorphological and physiological changes in the vasculature have been described in the evolution and maintenance of hypertension. Hypertension-induced vascular dysfunction may present itself as a contributing, or consequential factor, to vascular remodeling caused by chronically elevated systemic arterial blood pressure. Changes in all vessel layers, from the endothelium to the perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), have been described. This mini-review focuses on the current knowledge of the structure and function of the vessel layers, specifically muscular arteries: intima, media, adventitia, PVAT, and the cell types harbored within each vessel layer. The contributions of each cell type to vessel homeostasis and pathophysiological development of hypertension will be highlighted.
Identification and characterization of moonlighting long non-coding RNAs based on RNA and protein interactome
Authors: Cheng Lixin , Leung Kwong-Sak 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Motivation
Moonlighting proteins are a class of proteins having multiple distinct functions, which play essential roles in a variety of cellular and enzymatic functioning systems. Although there have long been calls for computational algorithms for the identification of moonlighting proteins, research on approaches to identify moonlighting long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has never been undertaken. Here, we introduce a novel methodology, MoonFinder, for the identification of moonlighting lncRNAs. MoonFinder is a statistical algorithm identifying moonlighting lncRNAs without a priori knowledge through the integration of protein interactome, RNA–protein interactions and functional annotation of proteins.

Results
We identify 155 moonlighting lncRNA candidates and uncover that they are a distinct class of lncRNAs characterized by specific sequence and cellular localization features. The non-coding genes that transcript moonlighting lncRNAs tend to have shorter but more exons and the moonlighting lncRNAs have a variable localization pattern with a high chance of residing in the cytoplasmic compartment in comparison to the other lncRNAs. Moreover, moonlighting lncRNAs and moonlighting proteins are rather mutually exclusive in terms of both their direct interactions and interacting partners. Our results also shed light on how the moonlighting candidates and their interacting proteins implicated in the formation and development of cancers and other diseases.

Availability and implementation
The code implementing MoonFinder is supplied as an R package in the supplementary material.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Discovery and Validation of Methylation Biomarkers for Ulcerative Colitis Associated Neoplasia
Authors: Beggs Andrew D , James Jonathan , Caldwell Germaine , Prout Toby , Dilworth Mark P , Taniere Phillipe , Iqbal Tariq , Morton Dion G , Matthews Glenn 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Background and aims
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is associated with a higher background risk of dysplasia and/or neoplasia due to chronic inflammation. There exist few biomarkers for identification of patients with dysplasia, and targeted biopsies in this group of patients are inaccurate in reliably identifying dysplasia. We aimed to examine the epigenome of UC dysplasia and to identify and validate potential biomarkers

Methods
Colonic samples from patients with UC-associated dysplasia or neoplasia underwent epigenome-wide analysis on the Illumina 450K methylation array. Markers were validated by bisulphite pyrosequencing on a secondary validation cohort and accuracy calculated using logistic regression and receiver-operator curves.

Results
Twelve samples from 4 patients underwent methylation array analysis and 6 markers (GNG7, VAV3, KIF5C, PIK3R5, TUBB6, and ZNF583) were taken forward for secondary validation on a cohort of 71 colonic biopsy samples consisting of normal uninflamed mucosa from control patients, acute and chronic colitis, “field” mucosa in patients with dysplasia/neoplasia, dysplasia, and neoplasia. Methylation in the beta-tubulin TUBB6 correlated with the presence of dysplasia (P &lt; 0.0001) and accurately discriminated between dysplasia and nondysplastic tissue, even in the apparently normal field mucosa downstream from dysplastic lesions (AUC 0.84, 95% CI 0.81–0.87).

Conclusions
Methylation in TUBB6 is a potential biomarker for UC- associated dysplasia. Further validation is needed and is ongoing as part of the ENDCAP-C study.
Quality over Quantity: Assessing the Impact of Frequent Public Interaction Compared to Problem-Solving Activities on Police Officer Job Satisfaction
Authors: Sytsma Victoria A , Piza Eric L 
Published: May 2018

AbstractResearch outside the field of policing has shown that job satisfaction predicts job performance. While policing research has demonstrated performing community-oriented policing (COP) activities generally improves police officer job satisfaction, the mechanism through which it occurs remains unclear. This study contributes to the community-policing literature through a survey of 178 police officers at the Toronto Police Service. The survey instrument measures the mechanism through which job satisfaction is impacted. Results indicate that primary response officers are more likely to be somewhat or very unsatisfied with their current job assignment compared with officers with a COP assignment—confirming what previous research has found. Further, those who interact with the public primarily for the purpose of engaging in problem-solving are more likely to be very satisfied with their current job assignment compared with those who do so primarily for the purpose of responding to calls for service. Engaging in problem-solving increases the odds of being very satisfied in one’s job assignment, and the combination of frequent contacts with the public and problem-solving is less important than problem-solving alone. The implications of the study findings for COP strategies are discussed.
Elucidating the potential of crude cell extracts for producing pyruvate from glucose
Authors: Garcia David C , Mohr Benjamin P , Dovgan Jakob T , Hurst Gregory B , Standaert Robert F , Doktycz Mitchel J 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Living systems possess a rich biochemistry that can be harnessed through metabolic engineering to produce valuable therapeutics, fuels and fine chemicals. In spite of the tools created for this purpose, many organisms tend to be recalcitrant to modification or difficult to optimize. Crude cellular extracts, made by lysis of cells, possess much of the same biochemical capability, but in an easier to manipulate context. Metabolic engineering in crude extracts, or cell-free metabolic engineering, can harness these capabilities to feed heterologous pathways for metabolite production and serve as a platform for pathway optimization. However, the inherent biochemical potential of a crude extract remains ill-defined, and consequently, the use of such extracts can result in inefficient processes and unintended side products. Herein, we show that changes in cell growth conditions lead to changes in the enzymatic activity of crude cell extracts and result in different abilities to produce the central biochemical precursor pyruvate when fed glucose. Proteomic analyses coupled with metabolite measurements uncover the diverse biochemical capabilities of these different crude extract preparations and provide a framework for how analytical measurements can be used to inform and improve crude extract performance. Such informed developments can allow enrichment of crude extracts with pathways that promote or deplete particular metabolic processes and aid in the metabolic engineering of defined products.
Describing Nurse Leaders’ and Direct Care Nurses’ Perceptions of a Healthy Work Environment in Acute Care Settings, Part 2
Authors: Huddleston Penny , Gray Jennifer 
Published: May 2018

BACKGROUND:
The American Association of Critical-Care Nurses (AACN) Healthy Work Environment Assessment Tool was developed as a simple screening tool to assess the characteristics of a healthy work environment (HWE) in critical care environments.

PURPOSES:
The purposes of these 2 qualitative research studies are to explore the nurse leaders’ and direct care nurses’ perceptions of the meaning of a HWE, to describe the nurse leaders’ and direct care nurses’ perceptions of a HWE, and to define the characteristics of a HWE in acute care settings.

METHODS:
Exploratory descriptive designs using focus groups and guided questions with tape-recorded interviews were used to define the characteristics of an HWE.

RESULTS:
The 6 original themes from AACN HWE standards and 2 new themes emerged as a result of the nurse leaders and direct care nurses defining the characteristics of a HWE, which included appropriate staffing, authentic leadership, effective decision making, meaningful recognition, skilled communication, true collaboration genuine teamwork, and physical and psychological safety. The qualitative statements from these 2 studies will be used in future studies to describe and develop HWE scales for nurse leaders and direct care nurses and to assess the psychometric properties of these new tools.
Nurses’ Perception of Shared Decision-Making Processes
Authors: Gerard Sally O. , Owens Deborah L. , Oliver Patricia 
Published: May 2018

OBJECTIVE:
The aim of this study is to describe how measuring the perceived and desired decision-making capacity of nurses in a model of shared governance (SG) can be beneficial.

BACKGROUND:
Shared governance (SG) increases nurse’s control over professional practice. Engagement in SG can be impacted by how much decision-making power nurses desire. This concept related to decision making has been termed decisional involvement (DI). Few studies exist that examine the concept of DI.

METHODS:
Using the Decisional Involvement Scale, acute care nurses were sampled concerning desired and perceived decision making on 21 topics related to nursing practice.

RESULTS:
Analysis of the data identified different governance priorities for several areas. Of particular interest was that those nurses on SG councils for more than 5 years did not report higher satisfaction with decision involvement.

CONCLUSIONS:
A comprehensive evaluation of shared decision making was a valuable tool to establish a baseline of data and seek opportunities for improvement. A well-integrated model of SG requires continuous improvement and analysis to be sustained. Measuring and evaluating staff nurses desire to control varied aspects of DI can allow organizations to make focused efforts to strengthen SG.
Shelf–ocean exchange and hydrography west of the Antarctic Peninsula: a review
Authors: Moffat C. , Meredith M. 
Published: May 2018

The West Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) is a highly productive marine ecosystem where extended periods of change have been observed in the form of glacier retreat, reduction of sea-ice cover and shifts in marine populations, among others. The physical environment on the shelf is known to be strongly influenced by the Antarctic Circumpolar Current flowing along the shelf slope and carrying warm, nutrient-rich water, by cold waters flooding into the northern Bransfield Strait from the Weddell Sea, by an extensive network of glaciers and ice shelves, and by strong seasonal to inter-annual variability in sea-ice formation and air–sea interactions, with significant modulation by climate modes like El Niño–Southern Oscillation and the Southern Annular Mode. However, significant gaps have remained in understanding the exchange processes between the open ocean and the shelf, the pathways and fate of oceanic water intrusions, the shelf heat and salt budgets, and the long-term evolution of the shelf properties and circulation. Here, we review how recent advances in long-term monitoring programmes, process studies and newly developed numerical models have helped bridge these gaps and set future research challenges for the WAP system.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘The marine system of the West Antarctic Peninsula: status and strategy for progress in a region of rapid change’.
A ‘shallow bathtub ring’ of local sedimentary iron input maintains the Palmer Deep biological hotspot on the West Antarctic Peninsula shelf
Authors: Sherrell Robert M. , Annett Amber L. , Fitzsimmons Jessica N. , Roccanova Vincent J. , Meredith Michael P. 
Published: May 2018

Palmer Deep (PD) is one of several regional hotspots of biological productivity along the inner shelf of the West Antarctic Peninsula. The proximity of hotspots to shelf-crossing deep troughs has led to the ‘canyon hypothesis’, which proposes that circumpolar deep water flowing shoreward along the canyons is upwelled on the inner shelf, carrying nutrients including iron (Fe) to surface waters, maintaining phytoplankton blooms. We present here full-depth profiles of dissolved and particulate Fe and manganese (Mn) from eight stations around PD, sampled in January and early February of 2015 and 2016, allowing the first detailed evaluation of Fe sources to the area's euphotic zone. We show that upwelling of deep water does not control Fe flux to the surface; instead, shallow sediment-sourced Fe inputs are transported horizontally from surrounding coastlines, creating strong vertical gradients of dissolved Fe within the upper 100 m that supply this limiting nutrient to the local ecosystem. The supply of bioavailable Fe is, therefore, not significantly related to the canyon transport of deep water. Near shore time-series samples reveal that local glacial meltwater appears to be an important Mn source but, surprisingly, is not a large direct Fe input to this biological hotspot.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘The marine system of the West Antarctic Peninsula: status and strategy for progress in a region of rapid change’.