bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ruthenium coordination preferences in imidazole‐containing systems revealed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and molecular modeling: Possible cues for the surprising stability of the Ru (III)/tris (hydroxymethyl)‐aminomethane/imidazole complexes
Authors: Kaltashov Igor A. , El Khoury Anton , Ren Chengfeng , Savinov Sergey N. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractRuthenium is a platinoid that exhibits a range of unique chemical properties in solution, which are exploited in a variety of applications, including luminescent probes, anticancer therapies, and artificial photosynthesis. This paper focuses on a recently demonstrated ability of this metal in its +3 oxidation state to form highly stable complexes with tris (hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (H2NC(CH2OH)3, Tris‐base or T) and imidazole (Im) ligands, where a single RuIII cation is coordinated by two molecules of each T and Im. High‐resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI MS) is used to characterize RuIII complexes formed by placing a RuII complex [(NH3)5RuIICl]Cl in a Tris buffer under aerobic conditions. The most abundant ionic species in ESI MS represent mononuclear complexes containing an oxidized form of the metal, ie, [XnRuIIIT2 – 2H]+, where X could be an additional T (n = 1) or NH3 (n = 0‐2). Di‐ and tri‐metal complexes also give rise to a series of abundant ions, with the highest mass ion representing a metal complex with an empirical formula Ru3C24O21N6H66 (interpreted as cyclo(T2RuO)3, a cyclic oxo‐bridged structure, where the coordination sphere of each metal is completed by two T ligands). The empirical formulae of the binuclear species are consistent with the structures representing acyclic fragments of cyclo(T2RuO)3 with addition of various combinations of ammonia and dioxygen as ligands. Addition of histidine in large molar excess to this solution results in complete disassembly of poly‐nuclear complexes and gives rise to a variety of ionic species in the ESI mass spectrum with a general formula [RuIIIHiskTm (NH3)n − 2H]+, where k = 0 to 2, m = 0 to 3, and n = 0 to 4. Ammonia adducts are present for all observed combinations of k and m, except k = m = 2, suggesting that [His2RuIIIT2 − 2H]+ represents a complex with a fully completed coordination sphere. The observed cornucopia of RuIII complexes formed in the presence of histidine is in stark contrast to the previously reported selective reactivity of imidazole, which interacts with the metal by preserving the RuT2 core and giving rise to a single abundant ruthenium complex (represented by [Im2RuIIIT2 − 2H]+ in ESI mass spectra). Surprisingly, the behavior of a hexa‐histidine peptide (HHHHHH) is similar to that of a single imidazole, rather than a single histidine amino acid: The RuT2 core is preserved, with the following ionic species observed in ESI mass spectra: [HHHHHH·(RuIIIT2)m − (3m‐1)H]+ (m = 1‐3). The remarkable selectivity of the imidazole interaction with the RuIIIT2 core is rationalized using energetic considerations at the quantum mechanical level of theory.
In situ conversion monitoring of styrene emulsion polymerization by deconvolution of a single reference band near 1,000 cm−1
Authors: Dropsit E. , Hoppe S. , Chapron D. , Durand A. , Bourson P. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractStyrene emulsion polymerization was performed in batch reactor using Raman spectroscopy for in situ monitoring of styrene conversion. The variation of the band of trigonal aromatic ring breathing at 1,000 cm−1 was analyzed in detail as a function of monomer conversion (wavenumber, integrated intensity, and half‐width at half‐maximum). The observed variation was described both qualitatively and quantitatively by a model assuming that the overall signal resulted from the addition of two close and distinct Gaussian signals, one originating from the monomer and the other one from the polymer repeat units. A reliable estimation of monomer conversion was obtained using the relative contributions of both components. The results were comparable to those obtained using the ratio of integrated intensities of the band at 1,000 cm−1 (overlapping signals of monomer and polymer) and the band at 1,631 cm−1 (signal specific to monomer). It was shown experimentally that information about monomer conversion could be obtained by applying linear model mixture to a single band of Raman spectrum, which provided an alternative method to the use of a ratio of integrated intensities.
Drag Reduction by Wormlike Micelles of a Biodegradable and Non‐Biodegradable Surfactants
Authors: Rodrigues Roberta K. , Silva Lucas A. S. , Vargas Gabriel G. , Loureiro Bruno V. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis study describes the effects of wormlike micelles formed by the commercial surfactants tallowalkylamidopropyl dimethylamine oxide (Aromox APA‐TW) and oleyl methyl bis(2‐hydroxyethyl) ammonium chloride (Ethoquad O/12) as drag reducers. Ethoquad O/12 is immune to degradation by heat and microorganisms. Conversely, Aromox APA‐TW is biodegradable in the environment, and its susceptibility to heat‐induced degradation was previously assessed. This work considers the effects of temperature, salt, and time on the drag‐reduction capacity (in different Reynolds number) of wormlike micelles of these two surfactants. Wormlike micelles formed by Aromox APA‐TW are able to reduce drag at higher temperatures compared to wormlike micelles formed by Ethoquad O/12. However, Aromox APA‐TW can degrade after being heated to 80 °C and also after storage of the wormlike micelle solutions. Ethoquad O/12 does not undergo degradation after being heated or stored. These surfactants have the potential to be used as additives in industrial operations, as the wormlike micelles formed are able to reduce drag in systems with long pumping distances or recirculation, even in solutions with high salt concentrations (brine) and high temperatures.
Nitrogen fertilization rates in a subtropical peach orchard: effects on tree vigor and fruit quality
Authors: Rubio Ames Zilfina , Brecht Jeffrey K , Olmstead Mercy A 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDNitrogen is a key component of crop production and is commonly related to increases in yield and fruit size. The N fertilization rates used for low‐chill peach cultivars were adapted from other peach production regions, where environmental and soil conditions are different. The growth and production as well as the effect on fruit physical and compositional attributes of two low‐chill peach cultivars – ‘TropicBeauty’ (TB) and ‘UFSharp’ (UFS) – with five different N fertilization rates (0 (N0), 45 (N1), 90 (N2), 179 (N3) and 269 (N4) kg ha−1 applied each year from 2011 to 2017) were examined.RESULTSPeach trees under higher N rates had higher pruning weights compared to the lower N0 or N1 rates. Yield was only affected in 2017 for the two cultivars tested. Physical attributes were inconsistently affected by N. Fruit from the higher N rates had lower a* value (more green) than fruit from the trees under low or zero N. While fruit firmness was not affected by N, fruit from trees under zero/low N had higher total soluble solids in some years.CONCLUSIONConsidering that N is recycled in the trees, being retained and reused each season to resume growth, it is important to address peach orchard fertilization based on peach tree N status. The results of this experiment show that an increase in N beyond what is required for tree maintenance does not increase yield. In addition, reducing N does not strongly affect fruit quality, although the color and soluble solids results suggest that lower N rates may advance fruit maturation. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Z Score Reference Ranges of Fetal Cardiac Output From 12 to 40 Weeks of Pregnancy
Authors: Luewan Suchaya , Srisupundit Kasemsri , Tongprasert Fuanglada , Traisrisilp Kuntharee , Jatavan Phudit , Tongsong Theera 
Published: September 2019

ObjectivesTo develop the Z score reference ranges of fetal cardiac output (CO) in healthy fetuses from 12 to 40 weeks of pregnancy.MethodsA cross‐sectional descriptive study was undertaken among low‐risk singleton pregnancies with healthy fetuses between 12 and 40 weeks. The right ventricular cardiac output (RCO), left ventricular cardiac output (LCO), and combined cardiac output (CCO) were measured by 2‐dimensional ultrasound with the Doppler velocity of the aorta and pulmonary arteries. The pregnancies were followed until deliveryResultsThe RCO, LCO, and CCO were determined in 700 fetuses. The predictive models of the CO as a function of gestational age (GA) and biparietal diameter were identified, and the Z score reference ranges were constructed. The means and standard deviations of CO on both sides were increased with GA and biparietal diameter as power models. Nomograms for the LCO, RCO, and CCO were established (ie, RCO = 0.000148 × GA4.283034; SD = 0.000131 × GA4.026209; LCO = 0.000514 × GA3.790944; SD = 0.000169 × GA3.815546). The RCO was much more increased than the LCO with advancing GA.ConclusionsThe Z score reference ranges and percentile charts of fetal CO were constructed throughout gestation with a large sample size. This may be helpful in detection of cardiac disorders, especially cardiomyopathy, cardiac anomalies, fetal anemia, and fetal growth restriction.
Kinetics analysis of the isothermal crystallization of Cu55Zr45 metallic glass by differential scanning calorimetry
Authors: Gao Qian , Jian Zengyun 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe crystallization kinetics of Cu55Zr45 (at%) glassy alloy is studied under isothermal condition using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The plot of correlation between the crystallized volume fraction α and annealing time t shows a sigmoid‐type curve, which is steeper with higher annealing temperature. Furthermore, in isothermal crystallization condition, local activation energy Eα values, determined using the Arrhenius equation, range from 181.1 to 187.8 kJ/mol, which is nearly a constant. The local Avrami exponent n(α) values, obtained by the Johnson‐Mehl‐Avrami equation, which range from 2.2 to 4.0 at different annealing temeperatures, which indicates that the crystallization mechanism is diffusion‐controlled transformation. Moreover, n(α) becomes greater with increasing annealing temperature, which indicates that annealing temperature can affect nucleation rate and growth type.
Drain placement in thyroidectomy is associated with longer hospital stay without preventing hematoma
Authors: Maroun Christopher A. , El Asmar Margueritta , Park So‐Jin , El Asmar Marie Line , Zhu Gangcai , Gourin Christine G. , Fakhry Carole , Dhillon Vaninder , Tufano Ralph P. , Russell Jonathon O. , Mandal Rajarsi 
Published: September 2019

ObjectiveTo analyze the effect of drain placement on postoperative hematoma formation and other associated outcomes post–thyroid surgery in a large national cohort.MethodsThis was a retrospective study that analyzed data from the 2016–2017 National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) public use files. Baseline characteristics and perioperative outcomes were compared between drain and no drain cohorts.ResultsA total of 11,626 patients were included; 3281 had a drain placed intraoperatively and 8345 did not. Otolaryngologists were 6.98 times more likely to place a drain after thyroidectomy than general surgeons (P < .001), and patients undergoing subtotal or total thyroidectomy were 2.17 times more likely to have a drain placed than if undergoing partial thyroidectomy (P < .001). Drain placement did not reduce hematoma formation on both univariate and multivariate analyses (adjusted OR = 0.93, P = .696). A slightly larger proportion of patients underwent unplanned intubation postoperatively among those who had a drain placed (0.76% vs. 0.29%, P < .001). Patients who received a drain were on average 4.63 times as likely to remain in the hospital for 2 or more days compared to those who did not receive a drain.ConclusionDrain placement did not significantly affect postoperative hematoma formation following thyroidectomy. Drain placement should not be routinely employed in these patients. However, surgeon judgement and intraoperative considerations should be taken into account, as to when to place a drain.Level of EvidenceN/ALaryngoscope, 130:1349–1356, 2020
Trauma‐informed care improves management of paradoxical vocal fold movement patients
Authors: Cristel Robert T. , Russell Parker T. , Sims H. Steven 
Published: September 2019

ObjectivesVocal cord dysfunction (VCD) has been used by clinicians, primarily pulmonologists, to describe a variety of conditions in which the regulation and coordination of vocal fold movements are part of the explanation of cough or difficulty breathing, mainly paradoxical vocal fold motion disorder (PVFM). Prior studies show an intersection of mental health issues, primarily anxiety, and PVFM. We began incorporating mental health screening tools using the Life Events Checklist‐5 (LEC‐5) and the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Checklist for Civilians (PCL‐C) to assess symptomatology that may be related to traumatic life events. We seek to review the utility of these questionnaires for identifying patients who have experienced emotional trauma and use the principles of trauma‐informed care currently lacking for PVFM.MethodsWe incorporated mental health screening tools using the PCL‐C and LEC‐5 for anyone referred to the Chicago Institute for Voice Care for VCD from the pulmonology clinic at our institution. Each patient underwent a comprehensive strobovideolaryngoscopy including provocative maneuvers to provoke paradoxical movements.ResultsA total of 16 subjects were analyzed; of those, seven (43.8%) screened positive for PTSD with the PCL‐C. Overall, 58 traumatic events occurred among the 16 patients, with 31 (61.7%) of the traumatic events occurring in the seven positively screened for PTSD.ConclusionsUsing the PCL‐C and LEC‐5, the principles of trauma‐informed care principles were applied to patients initially referred for VCD who were found to have prior traumatic events. We recommend early mental health screening to establish a multidisciplinary team in PVFM.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 130:1508–1513, 2020
Intracellular Delivery of Glucose Oxidase for Enhanced Cytotoxicity toward PSMA‐Expressing Prostate Cancer Cells
Authors: Flynn Nicholas , Ranjan Ashish , Ramsey Joshua D. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractReactive oxygen species (ROS) forming enzymes are of significant interest as anticancer agents due to their potent cytotoxicity. A key challenge in their clinical translation is attaining site‐specific delivery and minimizing biodistribution to healthy tissues. Here, complexes composed of the ROS enzyme glucose oxidase (GOX), poly‐l‐lysine‐grafted‐polyethylene glycol (PLL‐g‐PEG), and anti‐prostate specific membrane antigen (anti‐PSMA) monoclonal antibody are synthesized for localized delivery and uptake in prostate cancer cells. Formation of anti‐PSMA‐PLL‐g‐PEG/GOX results in nanoscale complexes ≈30 nm in diameter with a ζ‐potential of 6 mV. The anti‐PSMA‐PLL‐g‐PEG/GOX complexes show significant cytotoxicity (≈60% reduction in cell viability) against PSMA‐expressing LNCaP cells compared to unmodified GOX. Importantly, cytotoxicity in LNCaP cells occurrs concurrently with anti‐PSMA‐PLL‐g‐PEG/GOX uptake and increases in intracellular generation of ROS. These results demonstrate that cytotoxicity of ROS inducing enzymes can be enhanced by intracellular delivery compared to equivalent concentrations of free enzyme, providing a novel means for cancer therapy.
Wavelength‐Selective Folding of Single Polymer Chains with Different Colors of Visible Light
Authors: Frisch Hendrik , Kodura Daniel , Bloesser Fabian R. , Michalek Lukas , Barner‐Kowollik Christopher 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPhotochemistry allows chemists to exert control over chemical reactions with spatiotemporal precision. Furthermore, light holds the potential to not only gate when and where but also which reaction takes place. Herein, two photocycloaddition reactions—initiated by different colors of visible light—are utilized to control the intramolecular crosslinking of single polymer chains. Irradiation with blue light (λmax = 470 nm) triggers a [2 + 2] photocycloaddition inducing an initial intramolecular crosslinking reaction, whereas subsequent irradiation with violet light (λmax = 415 nm) induces a [4 + 4] photocycloaddition, fully compacting the dual photoreactive polymer into a single‐chain nanoparticle. Importantly, both crosslinked states are accessible under ultra‐mild conditions requiring nothing but two different colors of visible light. The reported strategy of wavelength‐selective crosslinking degrees provides key potential to be translated into materials applications for the remote control of mechanical properties on the molecular level.
The genetic polymorphisms of ZC3HC1 and SMARCA4 are associated with hypertension risk
Authors: Ma Huijun , He Yongjun , Bai Mei , Zhu Linhao , He Xue , Wang Li , Jin Tianbo 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAimIn this study, we aimed to evaluate the association between genetic variants of ZC3HC1 and SMARCA4 and hypertension risk in the Chinese Han population.MethodsThe Agena MassAssary platform was used to determine the genotypes of eight SNPs in ZC3HC1 and SMARCA4 from 350 hypertension patients and 483 healthy controls. Chi‐squared tests and genetic model were used to evaluate the associations. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using unconditional logistic regression. The statistical power of this study was estimated through the Power and Sample Size Calculation online software.ResultIn the genetic model analysis, we identified that the SNP of rs1464890 in ZC3HC1 was associated with a 0.68‐fold decreased risk of hypertension in the codominant model and 0.65‐fold decreased risk in the dominant model. Rs4507692 in ZC3HC1 was associated with a 0.69‐fold decreased risk of hypertension in the codominant model and 0.66‐fold decreased risk in the dominant model. The genotype “G/A‐A/A” of rs11879293 and the genotype “G/T‐T/T” of rs1122608 in SMARCA4 were significantly associated with decreasing the hypertension risk. In addition, the “Ars2242487 Trs1464890 Trs4507692” ZC3HC1 haplotype was associated with a decreased risk of hypertension.ConclusionThe present study suggested that ZC3HC1 and SMARCA4 polymorphism may conducive to play a protective role against the hypertension risk.
Endurance exercise leads to beneficial molecular and physiological effects in a mouse model of myotonic dystrophy type 1
Authors: Sharp Lydia , Cox Diana C. , Cooper Thomas A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIntroductionMyotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a multisystemic disease caused by expansion of a CTG repeat in the 3' UTR of the Dystrophia Myotonica‐Protein Kinase (DMPK) gene. While multiple organs are affected, more than half of mortality is due to muscle wasting.MethodsIt is unclear whether endurance exercise provides beneficial effects in DM1. Here, we show that a 10‐week treadmill endurance exercise program leads to beneficial effects in the HSALR mouse model of DM1.ResultsAnimals that performed treadmill training displayed reduced CUGexp RNA levels, improved splicing abnormalities, an increase in skeletal muscle weight and improved endurance capacity.DiscussionThese results indicate that endurance exercise does not have adverse effects in HSALR animals and contributes to beneficial molecular and physiological outcomes.
Inhibition of tissue‐nonspecific alkaline phosphatase protects against medial arterial calcification and improves survival probability in the CKD‐MBD mouse model
Authors: Tani Takashi , Fujiwara Megumi , Orimo Hideo , Shimizu Akira , Narisawa Sonoko , Pinkerton Anthony B , Millán José Luis , Tsuruoka Shuichi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMedial arterial calcification (MAC) is a major complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and an indicator of poor prognosis. Aortic overexpression of tissue‐nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) accelerates MAC formation. The present study aimed to assess whether a TNAP inhibitor, SBI‐425, protects against MAC and improves survival probability in a CKD‐mineral and bone disorder (MBD) mouse model. CKD‐MBD mice were divided in three groups: vehicle, SBI‐10, and SBI‐30. They were fed a 0.2% adenine and 0.8% phosphorus diet from 14 to 20 weeks of age to induce CKD, followed by a high‐phosphorus (0.2% adenine and 1.8% phosphorus) diet for another 6 weeks. At 14–20 weeks of age, mice in the SBI‐10 and SBI‐30 groups were given 10 and 30 mg/kg SBI‐425 by gavage once a day, respectively, while vehicle‐group mice were given distilled water as vehicle. Control mice were fed a standard chow (0.8% phosphorus) between the ages of 8 and 20 weeks. Computed tomography imaging, histology, and aortic tissue calcium content revealed that, compared to vehicle animals, SBI‐425 nearly halted the formation of MAC. Mice in the control, SBI‐10 and SBI‐30 groups exhibited 100% survival, which was significantly better than vehicle‐treated mice (57.1%). Aortic mRNA expression of Alpl, encoding TNAP, as well as plasma and aortic tissue TNAP activity, were suppressed by SBI‐425 administration, whereas plasma pyrophosphate increased. We conclude that a TNAP inhibitor successfully protected the vasculature from MAC and improved survival rate in a mouse CKD‐MBD model, without causing any adverse effects on normal skeletal formation and residual renal function. © 2019 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cationic polymerization of n‐hexyloxyallene by using halogen‐bonding organocatalysts
Authors: Takagi Koji , Okamura Kanami 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTThe cationic polymerization of n‐hexyloxyallene was investigated by using halogen‐bonding organocatalysts (Cat A–Cat D). Although the neutral catalyst Cat C showed a poor polymerization activity, iodine‐carrying bidentate cationic catalyst Cat A brought about the smooth polymerization giving rise to a polymer with Mn of 2710 under [Cat A]:[IBVE‐HCl]:[monomer] = 10:10:500 in mM concentrations. Judging from the color change of polymerization system and electrospray ionization mass spectra of recovered catalyst, the decomposition of organocatalyst was suggested. When α‐bromodiphenylmethane was used as an initiator, the relatively controlled polymerization proceeded at the low monomer conversion likely due to the weak halogen‐bonding interaction of Cat A with the bromide anion. On the other hand, bromine‐carrying bidentate catalyst Cat D gave low‐molecular‐weight polymers (Mn < 1550) to be less suitable for polymerization. From the 1H‐NMR spectrum, it was found that the 1,2‐polymerization unit and 2,3‐polymerization unit are included in 75:25. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 2436–2441