bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantifying and Visualizing Severe Thunderstorm Motion Uncertainty for Improved Decision Support
Authors: Ash Kevin D. , Williams Christopher L. , Feemster Caley M. , Bunkers Matthew J. , Demuth Julie L. , Morss Rebecca E. , Bowser Felecia , Karstens Christopher D. , Nietfeld Daniel 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Forecasts and observations of thunderstorm motion are key components of severe thunderstorm communication and decision support for preparedness and protective behaviors, as all National Weather Service (NWS) Storm Prediction Center (SPC) convective watches and NWS warnings contain information about storm translational speed and direction of motion. The goal of this research was to quantify uncertainty in thunderstorm motion using the information contained in NWS watch and warning products. Analyzing severe thunderstorm and tornado watches and warnings from 2008 to 2020, we matched and compared forecasted storm motions given in NWS warnings with those given in SPC watches. Translational speed deviations between watches and warnings exhibited symmetry, with about one-third of warning speeds falling within ±2.5 m s−1 of forecasts. Directional deviations were also symmetrical, with one-third of warning directions within ±9° of forecasts. However, when stratified to account for translational speed, the comparisons revealed greater directional uncertainty for slower-moving storms. Temporal analysis revealed faster and rightward translations in warnings during the latter half of watch durations. Using the distributions of speed and directional deviations, we developed new visualizations to represent both mean storm motion vectors and associated uncertainty sectors, aiding the interpretation of motion uncertainties. Quantifiable storm motion uncertainty also can inform estimated ranges of storm arrival times, potentially enhancing NWS communication and decision support with key partners and a range of publics for safer outcomes during severe weather events.

Significance Statement
Severe thunderstorms are a frequent phenomenon in the United States, threatening lives and property. The goal of this research was to expand on deterministic forecasts of thunderstorm motion by quantifying uncertainty for translational speed and direction of movement. Using the results of the uncertainty analyses, we visualized a forecast motion vector together with a motion sector that showed how much variability in motion is likely based on past forecasts in NWS watch and warning products. The results demonstrated how the motion uncertainty sectors varied according to the forecasted speed, with greater directional uncertainty at slower speeds and reduced directional uncertainty at faster speeds. Findings from this study can improve forecast communication and decision support for stakeholders who use NWS convective watch and warning products.
Paranasal Sinus Mucoceles With Intraorbital and Intracranial Involvement: A Case Series Analysis and Surgical Outcomes Assessment
Authors: Chowdhury Raisa , Aldajani Ahmad , Almhanedi Hamad , Al Majid Dana , Tewfik Marc A. , Himdi Lamiae 
Published: November 2024

Background: Paranasal sinus mucoceles, by virtue of extension into the orbit or cranial vault, can lead to significant ocular, nasal, or neural complications. There is limited comprehensive data on the presentation, management, and outcomes of cases with intraorbital or intracranial extension. A thorough analysis is essential to enhance clinical practices and improve patient outcomes. Objective: This retrospective case series investigates the clinical presentations, radiological features, and surgical outcomes of 10 patients with paranasal sinus mucoceles exhibiting intraorbital or intracranial extensions. Methods: Ten diagnosed cases of paranasal sinus mucoceles with intraorbital or intracranial extensions, as identified on CT or MRI imaging, were selected and retrieved from the electronic database of an academic-affiliated hospital from July 2013 to December 2023. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics with IBM SPSS version 23.0 software. Results: The study revealed a mean patient age of 65 years, with females (60%) affected more than males (40%). The ethmoidal and frontal sinuses were predominantly involved, with varied clinical symptoms ranging from periorbital pain to visual disturbances. Radiologically, CT and MRI scans depicted extensive sinus involvement, often with intraorbital (50%), intracranial (20%), or combined (30%) extensions. Surgical interventions, primarily endoscopic sinus surgery, resulted in favorable outcomes, including symptom resolution, minimal complications, and no recurrence. Conclusion: This case series emphasizes the importance of thorough preoperative evaluation, individualized surgical approaches, and vigilant postoperative care in managing mucoceles with orbital and cranial involvement. Further research with larger cohorts and extended follow-up periods is essential to refine treatment strategies and enhance patient outcomes for this complex pathology.
The Macroeconomic Determinants of Exchange Rate Volatility and the Impact of Currency Volatility on the Performance of the Nigerian Economy
Authors: Oyadeyi Olajide O. 
Published: November 2024

This article explored the determinants of exchange rate volatility in Nigeria and the effects of exchange rate volatility in influencing macroeconomic performance in Nigeria using quarterly data from Q1 1986 to Q4 2023. This article achieved its objectives using a battery of statistical and econometric techniques including autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (ARCH), non-linear generalised ARCH and the novel dynamic autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) techniques. The findings revealed that ARCH and nonlinear generalised autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity effects influenced exchange rate volatility. Furthermore, the findings showed that the monetary policy rate, average lending rate, oil prices, government expenditure and financial development are all significant determinants of exchange rate volatility in Nigeria. In addition, the findings revealed that exchange rate volatility had significant effects on Nigeria’s macroeconomy. Finally, this article recommended that the monetary authorities institute policies that will ensure a limit within which the exchange rate can fluctuate to better predict economic outcomes and control the general price level in Nigeria. Therefore, the priority lies in ensuring that exchange rates are stable and predictable due to the import-dependence nature of its economy. JEL Codes: E31, E58, F31, F32, F33, F43, F62
Optimization of low-velocity impact behavior of FML structures at different environmental temperatures using taguchi method and grey relational analysis
Authors: Dündar Mustafa , Uygur İlyas , Ekici Ergün 
Published: November 2024

Carbon fiber-reinforced Aluminum Laminate (CARALL) is a new generation of Fibre Metal Laminate (FML) material. This study investigates the low-velocity impact behavior of CARALL structures at different environmental temperatures (−40°C, 23°C, and 80°C). Two different groups of CARALL composite structures with varying fiber orientations were produced by hot pressing in a 3/2 arrangement: C1 (Al/0°90°/Al/90°0°/Al) and C2 (Al/0°0°/Al/0°0°/Al). Low-velocity impact tests were conducted at 23 J, 33 J, and 48 J energy levels using a Ø20 mm spherical impactor tip. The area of damage was detected by ultrasonic C-Scan. In addition, analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to reveal the influential parameters and their effect levels. After conducting experiments using the Taguchi L18 test set, it was observed that the C2-coded specimen yielded better results in terms of maximum peak load, maximum displacement, and damage area. While the decrease in temperature increased the damage and maximum peak load, the increase in temperature did not cause a significant change in the maximum peak load. The primary damage mechanisms observed in damage investigations were matrix cracks and delamination between composite layers. Although delamination is present between the Al/CFRP layer, it is not significant. According to ANOVA results, impact energy was the most effective parameter for maximum impact force, maximum displacement, and damage area, with contribution rates of 81%, 74%, and 76%, respectively. The optimal experimental conditions (23°C temperature and 23 J impact energy with the C1-coded sample) were determined using grey relational analysis based on principal component analysis.
Unit-Based Correlates of Marginal Food Insecurity Among US Soldiers
Authors: Krattiger Alison D. , Bliese Paul D. , Adler Amy B. 
Published: November 2024

Objectives: Although studies have addressed food insecurity among veterans, few have focused on active-duty soldiers or on variables associated with the military occupational context. We examined the link between marginal food insecurity (defined as anxiety over food sufficiency or shortage of food in the house) among US soldiers and demographic, behavioral health, and unit-related factors. Methods: We analyzed survey data from 6343 active-duty soldiers using χ2 tests, generalized linear mixed-effect models, and adjusted odds ratios (AORs) to identify significant differences between soldiers categorized as marginally food insecure versus those who were not. Results: In a fully adjusted model taking unit into account, marginal food insecurity was associated with preferring not to report gender (vs reporting being male) (AOR = 1.39; 95% CI, 1.08-1.78), being married/in a relationship (vs being single) (AOR = 1.22; 95% CI, 1.06-1.40), junior enlisted rank (vs noncommissioned officer: AOR = 0.45; 95% CI, 0.37-0.54; and vs officer: AOR = 0.13; 95% CI, 0.09-0.19), less time in unit (vs more time) (AOR = 0.99; 95% CI, 0.99-1.00), screening positive for depression (vs not) (AOR = 2.67; 95% CI, 2.30-3.11), screening positive for hazardous drinking (vs not) (AOR = 1.34; 95% CI, 1.11-1.63), and lack of reported unit-related social support (vs support) (AOR = 0.52; 95% CI, 0.45-0.59). Conclusions: In this sample, more than 1 in 5 US soldiers reported marginal food insecurity. In addition to supporting households with financial and food assistance and targeting junior enlisted personnel, policy makers and leaders should prioritize soldiers who are married or in a relationship, who are new to their unit, and who screen positive for depression and hazardous drinking, and they should encourage units to take care of unit members who need support. Policy makers and leaders can use these study results to direct prevention and early intervention initiatives.
Internet Devices and Internet Access Among Migrant and Seasonal Farmworkers, North Carolina, 2023
Authors: Lee Joseph G.L. , Roby Mary , Cofie Leslie E. , LePrevost Catherine E. , Harwell Emery L. , Reed Elisabeth C. , Nieuwsma Julianna , Bloss Jamie E. , Anderson Griffin C. , Santillán-Deras Jocelyn R. , Moore Modjulie A. , Ketterman Elizabeth , Russell Roger G. 
Published: November 2024

Objectives: Migrant and seasonal farmworkers work in rural areas where internet access may be limited. We assessed internet access, cost of access, and devices available to farmworkers through a statewide survey in North Carolina. Methods: During the 2023 agricultural season, we surveyed 1034 migrant and seasonal farmworkers during routine outreach visits in partnership with community health workers employed by 8 community health centers or by nonprofit health service agencies serving farmworkers in North Carolina. We surveyed participants aged ≥18 years by using time–venue sampling and surveyed up to 5 farmworkers at migrant housing locations. We weighted participants to the total population of farmworkers living in surveyed housing and calculated frequencies and percentages of internet access, internet speed, internet cost, available internet devices, and awareness and use of the Affordable Connectivity Program—a program that was run from 2021 through May 31, 2024, by the Federal Communications Commission to make internet access more affordable in the United States. We assessed predictors of internet access and ability to use online videos by using regression models. Results: Participants were predominantly Spanish-speaking men who lived in housing provided by farm owners. Among participants, 9.8% had internet connections with a cable or digital subscriber line, and 23.5% did not have consistent internet access. Most participants used cellular network internet (84.9%) and mobile phone devices (93.9%). Even among farmworkers who lived in their housing year-round, few had heard of (34.4%), applied to (4.8%), or used (2.0%) the Affordable Connectivity Program. Conclusions: Interventions are needed to increase internet access and digital inclusion for migrant and seasonal farmworkers in North Carolina. Development of state and county broadband infrastructure should consider farmworker housing.
Adaptation, Validation, and Feasibility Evaluation of Mindful Standing Yoga Combined with Baduanjin for Older Patients with Primary Osteoporosis
Authors: Lyu Fang Fei , Ramoo Vimala , Chui Ping Lei , Ng Chong Guan 
Published: November 2024

Objective: This study aimed to adapt, validate, and evaluate the feasibility of a mindful exercise program (Mindful Standing Yoga combined with Baduanjin) for older patients with primary osteoporosis. Methods: The study was conducted in 3 stages. Stage 1 involved a qualitative focus group discussion with 6 experts to gather perspectives on modifying the exercise program. Stage 2 used a Delphi approach with another 6 experts to validate the program. In Stage 3, a feasibility study was conducted with 20 eligible patients (out of 23 initially enrolled) at a traditional Chinese medicine hospital, using a single-group pre- and posttest design. The strenuousness of the adapted exercise was assessed through heart rate (HR) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Its effects were measured using the Global Pain Scale (GPS), the Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire—Short Form (FFMQ-SF), the Tampa Kinesiophobia-11 Scale, and the Timed Up and Go test. Patient satisfaction and feedback were also collected. Results: The modified program, consisting of 9 movements and taking 30 min to complete, was validated by experts as suitable, safe, and effective for practice. HR and RPE measurements confirmed it as a low-intensity exercise and not strenuous for the study population. The program significantly improved back pain and mindfulness in the feasibility study, with most participants expressing satisfaction with the protocol. Conclusion: Experts and participants affirmed that the program was appropriate and satisfactory for older patients with primary osteoporosis, particularly those with back pain. Further high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to validate its effectiveness.
The Statue of Minnakht, the God’s Father of Mut in the Egyptian Museum, Cairo (CG 624 - JE 27585)
Authors: El Gabry Dina 
Published: November 2024

This article discusses the private statue of Minnakht, which is currently preserved in the Egyptian Museum in Cairo. The statue owner holds the title of ‘the god’s father of Mut’ ỉt-nṯr n Mwt. The statue likely dates to the mid-18th Dynasty based on its stylistic and iconographic features, the inscriptions on the kilt, and the decorations on the sides. The provenance of the statue is debated, but it is generally believed to have originated from the broader area of Thebes. The inscriptions on the sides of the seat and the back pillar are unique based on their exclusively funerary nature and their reference to the well-known Book of the Twelve Caverns. Although there have been many scholarly discussions surrounding this composition and multiple published translations of the texts inscribed on CG 624 by Piankoff and Allen, this paper marks the first time the statue is closely examined as a whole despite its importance. [Formula: see text]
Benefit-risk assessment based on number needed to treat and number needed to harm: Atogepant vs. calcitonin gene–related peptide monoclonal antibodies
Authors: Ailani Jessica , Lalla Anjana , Halker Singh Rashmi B , Holle-Lee Dagny , Nagy Krisztian , Kelton Kari , Piron Cristiano , Gandhi Pranav , Pozo-Rosich Patricia 
Published: November 2024

Background To evaluate the benefit-risk assessment of atogepant and calcitonin gene–related peptide (CGRP) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) vs. placebo based on the number needed to treat (NNT) and the number needed to harm (NNH) in a blended episodic migraine and chronic migraine (EM + CM) population. Methods The NNT was calculated based on achievement of a ≥ 50% reduction in mean monthly migraine days (MMDs) from baseline across 12 weeks. The NNH was calculated using the proportion of participants reporting a discontinuation due to adverse events (AEs). The primary analysis included data from studies of atogepant, erenumab, galcanezumab, eptinezumab and fremanezumab. Results In the primary analysis, the calculated NNT for atogepant 60 mg vs. placebo was 4.2 (95% credible interval (CrI) = 3.1–6.7), which was the lowest relative to the CGRP mAbs in the blended EM + CM population. Participants who received atogepant 60 mg or fremanezumab showed the most favorable NNH values (−1010 (95% Crl = 44 to ∞ to number needed to benefit 80) for atogepant) resulting from lower rates of discontinuation due to AEs compared with those receiving placebo. Conclusions Atogepant demonstrated a favorable benefit-risk profile, with NNT and NNH values comparable (not statistically significant) with those of CGRP mAbs across all analyses.
Electroencephalographic (EEG) Stages in Patients With Cerebral Edema Following Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Horvat David E. , Keenan Julia S. , Conley Caroline , Staso Katelyn , Harrar Dana B. , Sansevere Arnold J. 
Published: November 2024

Objective To describe electroencephalographic (EEG) changes in pediatric patients with cerebral edema after cardiac arrest. Methods A retrospective study of patients admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit from July 2021 to January 2023. We included patients with cardiac arrest and changes in EEG background with clinical changes and/or neuroimaging consistent with cerebral edema. We excluded patients with electrographic seizures. We applied American Clinical Neurophysiology Society standardized critical care EEG terminology to classify EEG background, noting timing of the change in background classification. Clinical variables included age, sex, and neuroimaging findings and were described with descriptive statistics. Results Nine patients met inclusion criteria, with median age 24 months (interquartile range 21-49), and 89% were male. There were 5 common EEG stages: stage 1, burst suppression/burst attenuation; stage 2, continuous/discontinuous ± multifocal sporadic epileptiform discharges ± rhythmic or periodic patterns; stage 3, discontinuous/burst suppression/burst attenuation ± rhythmic or periodic patterns; stage 4, gradual voltage suppression; and stage 5, diffuse suppression. The ranges for each stage were as follows: stage 1, 2-10 hours; stage 2, 2.5-15.5 hours; stage 3, 0.5-6.24 hours; and stage 4, 0.5-11 hours. We could not calculate the duration of stage 5 given no uniform time to EEG discontinuation. One patient had a clinical change in stage 3. Remaining patients presented with fixed and dilated pupils with global anoxic injury. Conclusions EEG stages of cerebral edema have not been described after pediatric cardiac arrest. These stages may be relevant to other patient populations. Early stages may be a therapeutic target for intracranial pressure–lowering medications and/or neuroprotective strategies to minimize sequalae of cerebral edema.
Duration of kissing in different intimate positions among men who have sex with men: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Tran Julien , Fairley Christopher K , Ong Jason J , Bradshaw Catriona S , Aung Ei T , Maddaford Kate , Chen Marcus Y , Hocking Jane S , Chow Eric PF 
Published: November 2024

Background Despite mounting evidence showing that kissing (tongue-kissing) may transmit gonorrhoea between men who have sex with men (MSM), little data exists on factors influencing the duration of kissing while they are above and/or lying underneath a partner for this population group. Methods Between May 2019 and March 2020, we invited MSM aged ≥18 years who attended the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre (MSHC) to participate in a survey about the duration of their kissing (minutes) and intimate position while kissing (i.e., kissing while above, or while lying underneath) their most recent partner. Univariable and multivariable negative binomial regressions were performed to examine the associations between the duration of kissing in different intimate positions, and demographic and behavioural characteristics (including age, region of birth, HIV status or PrEP use, and role in anal sex). Results Of the 965 men with a recent male kissing partner, 89.0% ( n = 859) also had sex with that partner. Of the 166 men with a recent female kissing partner, 71.7% ( n = 119) also had sex with that partner. Our adjusted analyses showed that, on average, men born in Asia (mean 8.52 vs 11.69 min, p < .001) and South America or the Caribbean (mean 8.61 vs 11.69 min, p = .022) spent less time kissing compared to men born in Oceania, and the same was also observed for kissing while above or lying underneath. Men who had only receptive anal sex spent less time kissing while above than those who only had insertive anal sex (mean 3.04 vs 5.86 min, p < .001). Conclusion Our study is the first to examine factors that influence duration of kissing in different intimate positions. These factors could be associated with oropharyngeal gonorrhoea if saliva transmitted gonorrhoea and if gravity played a role.
Mental health service utilization among patients followed up in tertiary HIV/AIDS clinics in Turkey: A need for integrated care
Authors: Ince Guliyev Ezgi , Yıldız Sevgi Dilek , Gündüz Alper , Mete Bilgül , Büyükgök Deniz , Kumbasar Karaosmanoğlu Hayat , Altuntaş Aydın Ozlem , Ceyhan Fatma , Bilge Bilge Nur , Polat Irmak , Tabak Fehmi 
Published: November 2024

Objectives Mental health (MH) care for people living with HIV (PLWH) emerges as an important unmet need, yet there are no integrated HIV-MH clinics in Turkey. Our aim is to determine MH service use and its associated factors in PLWH followed up in the HIV/AIDS outpatient clinics in Istanbul/Turkey. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted at the HIV/AIDS outpatient clinics of the Infectious Diseases (ID) departments in hospitals affiliated with the ACTHIV-IST Study Group. Structured interviews were performed using questionnaires that covered psychiatric state, medical history, and help-seeking behavior. Results Out of 172 outpatients, 121 (70.3%) reported MH complaints after infection, and 65.6% felt a need to see MH professionals. Among those, 59% shared their MH distress with the ID team. However, only 20.7% applied to an MH service, and 16.5% received psychiatric treatment. Previous MH diagnoses (AOR = 4.11; 95%CI = 1.26–13.39), sharing the disease with the ID team (AOR = 4.18; 95%CI = 1.24–14.11), and being hospitalized due to HIV (AOR = 6.54; 95%CI = 1.21–35.39) emerged as the predictors of MH service use among those who would like to see an MH professional in logistic regression. Conclusions Closer contact with the healthcare system may increase the chances of PLWH receiving MH care. Thus, integrating MH services in HIV/AIDS care would help reach more PLWH who are distressed.