bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Personality Measurement and Profile in a European Sample of Civil	Airline Pilots
Authors: Mesarosova Karina , Siegling Alex B. , Plouffe Rachel A. , Saklofske Donald H. , Smith Martin M. , Tremblay Paul F. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract. The study examined the psychometric properties of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R, UK edition) in a large European sample of civil airline pilots. The NEO PI-R is a comprehensive and robust measure of personality that has been validated across cultures and contexts. Furthermore, the personality profile of the pilot sample was examined and compared to a normative sample representing the UK working population. Data from 591 pilots (95.1% male) were collected. Analyses include the internal reliability and factorial validity (precisely, Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling) to examine the measurement equivalence of the NEO PI-R with reference to UK norms ( N = 1,301). Internal reliability estimates of the NEO PI-R scores were good at the domain level, but generally weak at the facet level. The structural model in the pilot sample was congruent with the general working population sample. Furthermore, there was convincing evidence for a distinct personality profile of civil pilots, although the stability of this profile will require further validation. The NEO PI-R’s validity in the assessment of general personality in civil airline pilots is discussed, along with implications of the results for the utility of personality assessment in civil aviation contexts.
The September 2017 SEP Event in Context With the Current Solar Cycle: Mars Express ASPERA‐3/IMA and MAVEN/SEP Observations
Authors: Ramstad Robin , Holmström Mats , Futaana Yoshifumi , Lee Christina O. , Rahmati Ali , Dunn Patrick , Lillis Robert J. , Larson Davin 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWe use Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution/Solar Energetic Particle (MAVEN/SEP) data to estimate the ranges of particle energies that generate background noise in the Analyzer of Space Plasmas and Energetic Atoms‐3/Ion Mass Analyzer (IMA) instrument on Mars Express. The particles that generate IMA background counts are estimated to be electrons with energies >1 MeV and protons >20 MeV. The September 2017 event at Mars resulted in the strongest flux of energetic particles measured by MAVEN/SEP. We correspondingly use the IMA background data to compare this event with the rest of the last solar cycle and back to 2004, finding the event to be the fourth strongest solar energetic particle event detected by Mars Express.
WWOX controls hepatic HIF1α to suppress hepatocyte proliferation and neoplasia
Authors: Abu-Remaileh Muhannad , Khalaileh Abed , Pikarsky Eli , Aqeilan Rami I. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractLiver cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies with very poor prognosis once diagnosed. The most common form of liver cancer is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The WW domain-containing oxidoreductase (WWOX) is a large gene that is often perturbed in a wide variety of tumors, including HCC. WWOX has been shown to act as a tumor suppressor modulating cellular metabolism via regulating hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) levels and function. Given that WWOX is commonly inactivated in HCC, we set to determine whether specific targeted deletion of murine Wwox affects liver biology and HCC development. WWOX liver-specific knockout mice (WwoxΔHep) showed more potent liver regeneration potential and enhanced proliferation as compared with their control littermates. Moreover, WWOX deficiency in hepatocytes combined with diethylnitrosamine treatment increased the tumor burden, which was associated with increased HIF1α levels and target gene transactivation. Inhibition of HIF1α by systemic treatment with digoxin significantly delayed HCC formation. Our work suggests that WWOX inactivation has a central role in promoting HCC through rewiring of cellular metabolism and modulating proliferation.
Author Correction: Floats with bio-optical sensors reveal what processes trigger the North Atlantic bloom
Authors: Mignot A. , Ferrari R. , Claustre H. 
Published: May 2018

In the original version of this Article, the data accession https://doi.org/10.17882/42182 was omitted from the Data Availability statement.In the first paragraph of the Methods subsection entitled ‘Float data processing’, the WET Labs ECO-triplet fluorometer was incorrectly referred to as ‘WETLabs ECO PUK’. In the final paragraph of this subsection, the WET Labs ECO-series fluorometer was incorrectly referred to as ‘WETLabs 413 ECO-series’.In the Methods subsection ‘Float estimates of phytoplankton carbon biomass’, the average particulate organic carbon–bbp ratio of 37,537 mgC m−2 was incorrectly given as 37,357 mgC m−2.In the second paragraph of the Methods subsection ‘Float estimates of population division rates’, the symbol for Celsius (C) was omitted from the phrase ‘a 10°C increase in temperature’.These errors have now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.
A behavioral task with more opportunities for memory acquisition promotes the survival of new neurons in the adult dentate gyrus
Authors: Aasebø Ida E. J. , Kasture Ameya Sanjay , Passeggeri Marzia , Tashiro Ayumu 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIt has been suggested that the dentate gyrus, particularly its new neurons generated via adult neurogenesis, is involved in memory acquisition and recall. Here, we trained rats in two types of Morris water maze tasks that are differentially associated with these two memory processes, and examined whether new neurons are differently affected by the two tasks performed during the second week of neuronal birth. Our results indicate that the task involving more opportunities to acquire new information better supports the survival of new neurons. Further, we assessed whether the two tasks differentially induce the expression of an immediate early gene, Zif268, which is known to be induced by neuronal activation. While the two tasks differentially induce Zif268 expression in the dentate gyrus, the proportions of new neurons activated were similar between the two tasks. Thus, we conclude that while the two tasks differentially activate the dentate gyrus, the task involving more opportunities for memory acquisition during the second week of the birth of new neurons better promotes the survival of the new neurons.
Neural network control of focal position during time-lapse microscopy of cells
Authors: Wei Ling , Roberts Elijah 
Published: May 2018

AbstractLive-cell microscopy is quickly becoming an indispensable technique for studying the dynamics of cellular processes. Maintaining the specimen in focus during image acquisition is crucial for high-throughput applications, especially for long experiments or when a large sample is being continuously scanned. Automated focus control methods are often expensive, imperfect, or ill-adapted to a specific application and are a bottleneck for widespread adoption of high-throughput, live-cell imaging. Here, we demonstrate a neural network approach for automatically maintaining focus during bright-field microscopy. Z-stacks of yeast cells growing in a microfluidic device were collected and used to train a convolutional neural network to classify images according to their z-position. We studied the effect on prediction accuracy of the various hyperparameters of the neural network, including downsampling, batch size, and z-bin resolution. The network was able to predict the z-position of an image with ±1 μm accuracy, outperforming human annotators. Finally, we used our neural network to control microscope focus in real-time during a 24 hour growth experiment. The method robustly maintained the correct focal position compensating for 40 μm of focal drift and was insensitive to changes in the field of view. About ~100 annotated z-stacks were required to train the network making our method quite practical for custom autofocus applications.
Carotenoid distribution in wild Japanese tree frogs (Hyla japonica) exposed to ionizing radiation in Fukushima
Authors: Giraudeau Mathieu , Bonzom Jean-Marc , Ducatez Simon , Beaugelin-Seiller Karine , Deviche Pierre , Lengagne Thierry , Cavalie Isabelle , Camilleri Virginie , Adam-Guillermin Christelle , McGraw Kevin J. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe nuclear accident in the Fukushima prefecture released a large amount of artificial radionuclides that might have short- and long-term biological effects on wildlife. Ionizing radiation can be a harmful source of reactive oxygen species, and previous studies have already shown reduced fitness effects in exposed animals in Chernobyl. Due to their potential health benefits, carotenoid pigments might be used by animals to limit detrimental effects of ionizing radiation exposure. Here, we examined concentrations of carotenoids in blood (i.e. a snapshot of levels in circulation), liver (endogenous carotenoid reserves), and the vocal sac skin (sexual signal) in relation to the total radiation dose rates absorbed by individual (TDR from 0.2 to 34 µGy/h) Japanese tree frogs (Hyla japonica). We found high within-site variability of TDRs, but no significant effects of the TDR on tissue carotenoid levels, suggesting that carotenoid distribution in amphibians might be less sensitive to ionizing radiation exposure than in other organisms or that the potential deleterious effects of radiation exposure might be less significant or more difficult to detect in Fukushima than in Chernobyl due to, among other things, differences in the abundance and mixture of each radionuclide.
Pretreatment of Huaiqihuang extractum protects against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity
Authors: Guo Yujiao , Wang Meng , Mou Jingyi , Zhao Zhi , Yang Juan , Zhu Fengming , Pei Guangchang , Zhu Han , Wang Yuxi , Xu Gang , Zeng Rui , Yao Ying 
Published: May 2018

AbstractCisplatin is a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of different types of malignant tumors, but nephrotoxicity limits its usage. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to determine the possible protective effect of Huaiqihuang (HQH) extractum, a kind of Chinese herbal complex that consists of Trametes robiniophila Murr., Lycium barbarum and Polygonatum sibiricum, against nephrotoxicity induced by cisplatin in mice. We found that pretreatment with HQH significantly attenuated the cisplatin-induced increase in blood urea nitrogen (BUN), interstitial congestion, acute renal tubular injury and tubular cell apoptosis and necroptosis. It was further shown that HQH administration reduced cisplatin-induced release and nuclear-cytoplasmic translocation of HMGB1 and inactivated its downstream signaling molecules, TLR4 and NFκB, in renal tubular cells; as a result, HQH repressed cisplatin-induced TNF-α production. As dexamethasone (Dex) exerts renoprotective effects in severe Acute kidney injury (AKI), we compared it with HQH and found that HQH showed similar renoprotective effects to dexamethasone via similar mechanisms. Considering the potential side effects of corticosteroids, reducing the effectiveness of treatment and shortening survival in solid tumor patients, we suggest administration of HQH as a potential adjuvant for cisplatin therapy in solid tumor patients to preserve renal function.
Development and assessment of a predictive nomogram for the progression of IgA nephropathy
Authors: Liu Lin-lin , Zhu Lin-bo , Zheng Jian-nan , Bi Tong-dan , Ma Jian-fei , Wang Li-ning , Yao Li 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe present study is to establish a nomogram for predicting the prognosis of IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Of the 869 IgAN patients, four-fifths were randomly assigned to the development cohort and one-fifth to the validation cohort. The primary outcome was a composite event of either a ≥ 50% reduction in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), end-stage renal disease or death. The mean follow-up time was 44 months. The Cox regression model identified urinary protein excretion (1–3.5 g/d, HR 11.639, 95% CI 3.601–37.625; ≥ 3.5 g/d, HR 32.435, 95% CI 10.079–104.380), eGFR (G2, HR 5.293, 95% CI 2.011–13.932; G3, HR 15.797, 95% CI 6.584–37.905; G4, HR 34.619, 95% CI 13.887–86.301; G5, HR 217.651, 95% CI 83.807–565.248), hyperuricaemia (HR 7.031, 95% CI 4.126–11.980), mesangial proliferation (HR 36.667, 95% CI 5.098–263.711), segmental glomerulosclerosis (HR 5.122, 95% CI 3.114–8.425), tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis (T1, HR 33.351, 95% CI 7.831–142.044; T2, HR 213.888, 95% CI 51.048–896.182), crescents (C1, HR 3.123, 95% CI 1.771–5.510; C2, HR 7.353, 95% CI 3.590–15.062) and glomerulosclerosis (25–49%, HR 3.123, 95% CI 1.771–5.510; ≥ 50%, HR 14.384, 95% CI 8.813–23.479) for developing the nomogram. The C-index was 0.945 (95% CI 0.914–0.976) in both the development and validation cohorts, showing good agreement between the nomogram-predicted probability and actual free-of-progression probability. Thus, our nomogram could accurately predict the progression of IgAN patients.
Dramatic dysbalancing of the Wnt pathway in breast cancers
Authors: Koval Alexey , Katanaev Vladimir L. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWnt signaling is important for breast development and remodeling during pregnancy and lactation. Epigenetic modifications change expression levels of components of the Wnt pathway, underlying oncogenic transformation. However, no clear Wnt component increasing expression universally across breast cancer (BC) or its most Wnt-dependent triple-negative BC (TNBC) subgroup has been identified, delaying development of targeted therapies. Here we perform network correlation analysis of expression of >100 Wnt pathway components in hundreds of healthy and cancerous breast tissues. Varying in expression levels among people, Wnt components remarkably coordinate their production; this coordination is dramatically decreased in BC. Clusters with coordinated gene expression exist within the healthy cohort, highlighting Wnt signaling subtypes. Different BC subgroups are identified, characterized by different remaining Wnt signaling signatures, providing the rational for patient stratification for personalizing the therapeutic applications. Key pairwise interactions within the Wnt pathway (some inherited and some established de novo) emerge as targets for future drug discovery against BC.
Thymektomie bei Myasthenia gravis
Authors: Rückert Jens , Swierzy Marc , Kohler Siegfried , Meisel Andreas , Ismail Mahmoud 
Published: May 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Myasthenia gravis (MG) hat in den letzten Jahren zahlreiche Fortschritte in der Erforschung der Pathophysiologie, der Charakterisierung von Subgruppen sowie der Erweiterung der multimodalen Therapie erfahren. Insbesondere gilt das auch für die Rolle der Thymektomie (Thx). Für die Thymom-assoziierte MG ist die Thx streng indiziert. Auf Basis großer Kohortenstudien über die letzten Jahrzehnte wurde die Thx aber auch zentraler Bestandteil der immunmodulierenden MG-Therapie bei MG-Patienten ohne Thymom-Nachweis. Da randomisierte Studien fehlten, blieb jedoch eine Restunsicherheit zum Stellenwert der Thx. In der MGTX-Studie konnte die Wirksamkeit der Thx nun zweifelsfrei nachgewiesen werden 1. Eine signifikante Verbesserung der myasthenen Beschwerden und die Reduktion der immunsuppressiven Medikamente zeigten sich vor allem für die im jungen Erwachsenenalter erworbene MG (EOMG) bei Durchführung einer kompletten Resektion des Thymusgewebes. Da die MGTX-Studie nur Patienten mit generalisiertem Verlauf und Acetylcholinrezeptor-Antikörpernachweis eingeschlossen hatte, die jünger als 65 Jahre waren, wird derzeit die Bedeutung der Thx bei den anderen relevanten Subgruppen, wie der juvenilen MG, der Altersmyasthenie, der okulären MG sowie den Patienten mit fehlendem Autoantikörper-Nachweis untersucht. Auch die derzeit vorherrschende Auffassung, dass Patienten mit MuSK-Antikörpernachweis nicht von einer Thx profitieren, wird auf Basis der widersprüchlichen Daten neu geprüft werden müssen. Aus chirurgischer Sicht wird auf Basis des in der MGTX-Studie eingesetzten Thx-Verfahrens der komplett-erweiterten medianen Sternotomie momentan der Stellenwert der minimalinvasiven thorakoskopischen Verfahren als schonende Alternative geprüft. Für die weitere Ausdifferenzierung der Thx-Verfahren wären aus klinisch-wissenschaftlicher Sicht randomisiert-kontrollierte Studien im Vergleich zum offenen Thx-Verfahren wünschenswert. Schon jetzt gelingt es jedoch unter Anwendung der Roboterassistenz, alle Ansprüche an die Thx aus chirurgischer, klinisch-neurologischer sowie Patientensicht optimal zu erfüllen. Aufgrund ethischer Aspekte werden daher andere Wege des wissenschaftlichen Vergleichs der verschiedenen Operationsverfahren in den Mittelpunkt rücken.
Der Einfluss der Narkoseart auf die Häufigkeit revisionsbedürftiger postoperativer Nachblutungen nach Entfernung der Silikonölendotamponade
Authors: Stang Marius Manfred , Bartz-Schmidt Karl Ulrich 
Published: May 2018

ZusammenfassungIn der retrospektiven Datenanalyse wurde untersucht, ob bei Patienten, bei denen 2002, 2005, 2010, 2014 – 2016 in unserer Klinik mittels Vitrektomie erstmalig das im Glaskörperraum befindliche Silikonöl komplett entfernt wurde, eine Abhängigkeit der Nachblutungswahrscheinlichkeit von der Narkoseart festzustellen ist, und ob sich die Häufigkeit der Nachblutung im untersuchten Zeitverlauf veränderte. Als Nachblutung wurde dabei eine Blutung gewertet, wenn diese postoperativ innerhalb von 2 Wochen neu aufgetreten war und eine Revision mittels erneuter Vitrektomie zur Konsequenz hatte. Insgesamt traten über alle untersuchten Jahre bei 939 Operationen 9 revisionsbedürftige Nachblutungen auf. Obwohl die Anzahl an Intubationsnarkosen (355) geringer als die Anzahl an Operationen in lokaler Anästhesie (584) war, trat die Mehrzahl der Nachblutungen (6) unter Intubationsnarkose auf. Dieser Unterschied entsprach einem Trend (p = 0,089) zu einer geringeren Nachblutungsrate bei lokaler Betäubung, was den Operateur darin bestärken kann, die Silikonölentfernung in Lokalanästhesie durchzuführen. Im Zeitverlauf kam es zu einem Rückgang der Nachblutungen. In den Jahren 2002, 2005 und 2010 traten insgesamt 7 Nachblutungen auf, in den Jahren 2014 – 2016 lediglich 2 Nachblutungen. Neben einem höheren Anteil an Operationen in Lokalanästhesie könnte der Rückgang der Nachblutungshäufigkeit auf eine „sanftere Extubation“, das Aufkommen der trokargeführten Operationstechnik zur Silikonölentfernung und den Einsatz der Anti-VEGF-Therapie und damit einer Veränderung des Spektrums der mit Silikonöltamponade behandelten Grunderkrankungen zurückzuführen sein.
Cp2Ti(III)Cl and Analogues as Sustainable Templates in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Collado Isidro , Botubol-Ares José , Durán-Peña María , Hanson James , Hernández-Galán Rosario 
Published: May 2018

This short review aims to provide an overview of the use of Cp2Ti(III)Cl and other related titanocene(III) species as coordinating reagents­ in template reactions in the selective preparation of C–C and C–O bonds. These complexes are able to assemble two components to produce powerful reactions possessing high regio-, chemo-, diastereo-, and enantioselectivity. The titanocene templates are divided into five structural types. The chemical transformations by these valuable templates, the substrate scope and mechanistic insights will also be described.1	Introduction2	Precedents for the Coordination of Ti(III) Species to Heteroatoms2.1	Coordination of Compounds with Hydrogen–Heteroatom Bonds to Ti(III) Species2.2	Coordination of Halogens to Ti(III) Species3	Types of Titanocene Templates4	Template Type I Mediated Organic Reactions4.1	Methylenecyclopropanation of Allylic Alcohols4.2	Base-Free O-Acylation of Alcohols and Phenol4.3	Epoxidation of Allylic Alcohols5	Template Type II Mediated Organic Reactions5.1	Ketone–Nitrile Cross-Coupling Reactions5.2	Imine–Nitrile Cross-Coupling Reactions5.3	Reductive Alkylation of Enones with Activated Alkenes6	Template Type III Mediated Organic Reactions6.1	Pinacol Coupling of Ketones7	Template Type IV Mediated Organic Reactions7.1	Michael-Type Addition of Aldehydes to Conjugated Enals7.2	Allylation, Crotylation, and Prenylation7.3	Barbier-Type Progargylation and Allenylation8	Template Type V Mediated Organic Reactions8.1	Protection of Alcohols as 2-O-THF and 2-O-THP Ethers8.2	Pinacol Coupling of Aldehydes8.3	McMurry Couplings9	Conclusions and Perspectives
Metal-Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling of Ketones and Ketone Enolates
Authors: Murarka Sandip , Antonchick Andrey 
Published: May 2018

Recent years have witnessed a significant advancement in the field of radical oxidative coupling of ketones towards the synthesis of highly useful synthetic building blocks, such as 1,4-dicarbonyl compounds, and biologically important heterocyclic and carbocyclic compounds. Besides oxidative homo- and cross-coupling of enolates, other powerful methods involving direct C(sp3)–H functionalizations of ketones­ have emerged towards the synthesis of 1,4-dicarbonyl compounds. Moreover, direct α-C–H functionalization of ketones has also allowed an efficient access to carbocycles and heterocycles. This review summarizes all these developments made since 2008 in the field of metal-catalyzed/promoted radical-mediated functionalization of ketones at the α-position.1	Introduction2	Synthesis of 1,4-Dicarbonyl Compounds3	Synthesis of Heterocyclic Scaffolds4	Synthesis of Carbocyclic Scaffolds5	Conclusion
Successful Endovascular Management of Intra-meatal Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery–Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery Variant Aneurysm
Authors: Bohra Vikram , DeSouza Romnesh , Huded Vikram 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAnterior inferior cerebellar artery–posterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA-PICA) variant or common trunk is seen frequently in vertebral angiograms as PICA is found to be hypoplastic or absent in approximately 20 to 25% of patients. There have been very few case reports of aneurysm arising in AICA-PICA variant. Intrameatal AICA aneurysms are also rare, with no reports involving AICA-PICA variant till date. Neurosurgical approach and clipping have been proposed as first-line treatment option for intrameatal AICA aneurysms. The authors report a case of a young woman presenting with subarachnoid hemorrhage, found to have a right AICA-PICA variant aneurysm in intrameatal location. The patient underwent coiling with parent vessel occlusion after an unsuccessful attempt at surgical management of the same. She recovered without any postprocedure complication. This case report highlights the fact that endovascular approach can be used to manage distal AICA/AICA-PICA variant or intrameatal aneurysm with added advantage of avoiding the postprocedure complications associated with surgical management of the same.
The S&T Lecture: An Introduction to the 9th Congress of WSRM
Authors: Hallock Geoffrey 
Published: May 2018

AbstractJust what is the S&T lecture? In the beginning it appeared to be a dubious distinction, another task thrust upon me but different in that I had absolutely no idea what was wanted or would be appropriate. At the least, it seemed reasonable to recite a simple introductory story for what would be an extraordinary conclave. First, an appreciation was due to our dedicated leaders of World Society of Reconstructive Microsurgery (WSRM), who this year (2017) have put together the most extravagant meeting ever, intended to include not just the glamorous but the entire scope of rudimentary reconstructive microsurgery. We know we must acquire all this knowledge to succeed today and tomorrow, but also need not to overlook the struggles and sacrifices our predecessors had to overcome. Too often the past is forgotten, only to then inefficiently be repeated. Today then, this will be a short story, a story of our past that must never be cast aside. The WSRM here today is a great international forum where we can then mingle with all of our colleagues to help dictate the present, but also define the future role of all specialities here where the ultimate goal is to help those most in need. This S&T lecture will just be a history story, subject to your interpretation. Enjoy!