bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Access to Evidence Orders in EU Procedural Law
Authors: Felicetti Angela M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article explores the complexities of liability disputes arising from ai-related damages and examines the procedural challenges they pose, along with some solutions that EU law aims to implement. Section i introduces the nature of these disputes and their growing relevance in an ai-driven society. Section ii explores the concept of vertical harmonization of procedural laws in Europe through the case of court-ordered disclosure, discussing the fragmented legal landscape, the current harmonized rules, and the potential unifying role of the eli/unidroit Model Rules. Section iii delves into upcoming EU procedural rules for ai-related litigation, focusing on access to evidence as proposed in two upcoming Directives. The final section offers conclusive remarks on the pursuit of truth in the context of litigation on damages caused by ai, emphasizing the need for robust regulatory approaches to address the unique challenges posed by advanced technologies.
Rule of Law Violations in the EU as a Challenge for Civil Procedure Law
Authors: Wilke Felix M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Judicial cooperation in civil and commercial matters in the EU is based on mutual trust. Rule of law violations, in particular restrictions of judicial independence and impartiality, in some Member States call into question this trust, thereby casting doubt on the functionality of judicial cooperation. Indeed, one must even wonder whether the courts of the respective Member States can still be considered as ‘courts’ for these purposes. This contribution addresses the nature of the current rule of law violations as well as their effects on international civil procedure. It draws on cjeu decisions on mutual trust in other areas of law. Due to the special features of civil procedure, the effects of rule of law violations in practice turn out to be smaller than in theory.
“What’s Manzanar?”: Excavating Stories of Racism, of the Erased, and of Family
Authors: Kim Esther June 
Published: November 2024

Background/Research Design: This ethnographic study explores how secondary students engaged with the history of Japanese American incarceration while participating in an archaeological dig at one of the prison camps used by the U.S. government during World War II, the Manzanar War Relocation Center in California. Purpose/Research Question: Using two tenets from Asian(Crit), (re)constructive history, and story, theory, and praxis as a theoretical frame, this study explores the question: How does participation in an archeological dig at Manzanar prison camp reveal and shape how students perceive the history of Japanese American incarceration? Conclusions: Four findings emerged from this study. First, students’ dominant understanding justified incarceration as a wartime necessity. Second, students were exposed to narratives at Manzanar that emphasized racism, countering classroom curriculum. The third finding explores how the family history of one Japanese American student informed her conceptualization of the U.S. history curriculum as purposefully whitewashed. Finally, once they had returned to school, students of color doubted whether their work at Manzanar or their sharing of counterstories would impact their white classmates.
Cinnamon Polyphenols Ameliorate the Dysregulation of Cardiac Energy and Autophagic Homeostasis in Rats with Diabetic Cardiomyopathy via the mTOR/PGC1α Pathway
Authors: Zhang Xu , Zhang Xiao-Ting , Wu Shi-Yu , Hu Ming-Qiao , Xu Xu , Gao Jian-Ping 
Published: November 2024

Background Inflammation mediated by hyperglycemia, lipid metabolism disorders, abnormal myocardial energy metabolism, myocardial cell damage, and changes in ventricular structure are important mechanisms in the occurrence and development of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Cinnamon polyphenols (CP) are extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine cinnamon, which is believed to have cardioprotective effects and has been used in China for hundreds of years. Purpose This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of CP on DCM and its possible mechanisms. Methods The DCM model was established by a single intraperitoneal injection of 85 mg/kg 1% streptozotocin in rats. The treatment group was orally administered 135 mg/kg CP for 28 consecutive days, a dosage verified by experiments on AC16 myocardial cells and detecting liver and kidney injury markers. Results CP could reduce high blood sugar, high blood lipids, left ventricular mass index, levels of myocardial injury markers, adenosine diphosphate (ADP), and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the model group. It also improved weight loss, and increased myocardial adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine monophosphate (AMP), phosphocreatine (PCr), and ATP/ADP, AMP/ATP, and PCr/ATP ratios. The expression of p-mTOR/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), p62, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) in the myocardium of the CP group was enhanced, while the expression of LC3II/LC3I was inhibited. Conclusion CPs can alleviate myocardial damage by reducing blood sugar, blood lipids, and abnormal autophagy levels while promoting the restoration of myocardial energy metabolism homeostasis.
Role of Prebiotics in Preventing Phototherapy-range Hyperbilirubinemia in Preterm Neonates: An Open-labelled Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Mankar Aniket , Joshi Trupti , Sawlani Pooja , Khaire Prabha , Joshi Amol , Deshmukh Laxmikant 
Published: November 2024

Introduction Prebiotics help develop early microbiota and increase stool frequency, reducing enterohepatic circulation, a vital mechanism in managing neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate role of prebiotics in preventing phototherapy-range hyperbilirubinemia in preterm neonates. Secondary objectives were to assess 24-hour transcutaneous bilirubin (TCB) levels, peak TCB levels, stool frequency and side effects of prebiotics. This study also assessed 24-hour serum bilirubin levels and duration of phototherapy in all those requiring phototherapy. Materials and Methods An open-label randomised controlled trial conducted at a tertiary-care centre from Nov-2019 to Oct-2021 in exclusively breastfed/expressed breast milk-fed preterm (32-37 weeks) neonates. Babies having respiratory distress, perinatal asphyxia, formula-fed, haemodynamically unstable, inborn errors of metabolism, gastrointestinal congenital anomalies, severe neonatal sepsis and those whose mothers could not express at least 10 mL of breast milk were excluded from the trial. Those randomised to the prebiotic group received 0.5 gm/kg/day of fructo-oligosaccharide powder mixed in expressed breast milk in three divided doses for seven days or omission of phototherapy (if required), whichever later and standard preterm care was provided to control group. The primary outcome measure was to assess whether prebiotic administration prevents phototherapy-range hyperbilirubinemia in preterm neonates. Results Baseline characteristics were comparable between prebiotic and control groups. In prebiotic group, 23.25% (10 out of 43) required phototherapy, and 35.7% (15 out of 42) required phototherapy in control group ( P = .30). Twenty-four-hour TCB and peak TCB levels were significantly lower in the prebiotic group than in the control group after 24 hours of enrolment. Moreover, frequency of stools was substantially higher in the prebiotic group than in control group after 24 hours of enrolment with no adverse effects. Though 12-hour serum bilirubin levels amongst those who required phototherapy were comparable between the groups, the duration of phototherapy in the prebiotic group was less. Conclusion Enteral supplementation with prebiotics at a dose of 0.5 gm/kg/day in preterm (32-37 weeks) neonates leads to increased stool frequency and lower TCB levels but does not prevent phototherapy-range hyperbilirubinemia. Prebiotic supplementation may help reduce the phototherapy duration in preterm neonates with phototherapy-range hyperbilirubinemia.
Comparison of Cemented and Cementless Fixation in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of RCTs
Authors: Liu Zirui , Wen Lei , Zhou Libo , Liu Zhongcheng , Chen Yi , Geng Bin , Xia Yayi 
Published: November 2024

Objective This study aimed to compare infection, aseptic loosening, revision, operation time, function scores, and the radiographic radiolucent line (RLL) between cementless and cemented fixation in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods Articles reporting the outcomes of cemented and cementless TKA were searched in Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. The search was conducted from articles published from January 1996 to May 2024. Odds Ratios (OR) and confidence intervals (CI) were used to measure the results. Cochrane Collaboration’s Review Manager software was used to perform the meta-analysis. Results Sixteen randomized controlled trials containing 2358 participants were included in this meta-analysis. Pooled data found that, in TKA, there were no significant differences between cemented fixation and cementless fixation for a prosthesis in infection, aseptic loosening and revision. The subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis results of the knee society score (KSS) showed a significant difference favoring cementless fixation in a follow-up of less than 5 years (MD = −2.30, 95%CI –3.85 -0.74, p = .001) while favoring cemented fixation in a follow-up over 5 years (MD = 2.79, 95%CI 0.95 4.63, p = .003). The operation time of cementless was less than that of cemented (MD = 12.03, 95%CI 8.30 15.77, p < .00001). No significant difference was detected in knee society function score, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index, and RLL. There was no heterogeneity across studies ( p > .1), and most studies have a low risk of bias. Conclusions Within a follow-up period of less than 5 years, cementless TKA had better KSS, while over 5 years, KSS was better in cemented TKA, and cementless TKA required less operation time.
Work needs of long-term mental health care users: Is vocational rehabilitation enough?
Authors: Tsatsi Itumeleng , Bosman Lienke , de Wet Shine , du Preez Sandra , Kruger Veronique , van Dyk Klarise , Voogt Anri , Truter Kariena 
Published: November 2024

Background Mental health care users (MHCUs) have needs resulting from their participation in work-related-interventions. In long-term institutions, however, work interventions are neglected due to insufficient resources and knowledge needed to respond to these work needs. Objective To identify and describe the work needs of long-term MHCUs. Method A descriptive, qualitative inquiry study was conducted with 18 participants using semi-structured interviews. Results The need to improve quality of life and the need to fulfil contextual and societal demands emerged. Conclusion MHCUs not only appreciate work to earn a living, but also to achieve a sense of health and well-being, fulfil life-roles, and possibility for community reintegration.
Healthcare Trajectories of Adolescent Patients With Cleft Lip and/or Palate According to Health Insurance Coverage in Medellin, Colombia
Authors: Cerón-Zapata Ana María , Segura-Cardona Ángela María , González-Robledo María Cecilia 
Published: November 2024

To describe and compare the healthcare trajectories of patients with CL/P under two different income-based programs for health coverage in Colombia, known in Colombia as a health insurance regime (contributory and subsidized), in Medellín, 2021. Non-experimental, cross-sectional questionnaire-based study. Primary level of clinical care in Medellín, Colombia. Twenty-eight 15- to 21-year-olds with CL/P and primary caregivers. Individuals with CL/P answered the survey. Patients with syndromic CL/P and patients with cognitive disabilities were excluded. The calculation of the probabilistic sample was performed based on the formula for finite populations using databases from 2 health insurance companies. The analysis was descriptive and bivariate. Chi-square and Fisher tests were used to analyze the variables of interest. Continuity of the care pathway was measured with proxy indicators: (1) access to comprehensive CL/P treatment; (2) timeliness of access to comprehensive CL/P treatment; (3) differences in access to and timeliness of comprehensive CL/P treatment between patients under both health insurance coverage. No differences were found when comparing the healthcare trajectories of young patients with CL/P who were in both health coverage. Differences were observed in the timeliness of care for patients with CL/P under the subsidized coverage who were more economically vulnerable. Delays in care were mainly linked to administrative procedures required for orthodontic procedures, bone grafts, and maxillofacial surgeries. Despite the health system's guarantee of equal care across income levels, differences in the timeliness of care persist for patients from lower-income families.
Occupational Noise Exposure in Foot and Ankle Surgery and the Risk of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss
Authors: Kohring Adam S. , McCahon Joseph A.S. , Bridges Tiffany N. , Buchan Levi , Kwan Stephanie , Sherman Matthew , Biasotti Lori , Parekh Selene G. , Daniel Joseph N. 
Published: November 2024

Background: Occupational exposure to high levels of noise increases the risk of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), resulting in significant long-term quality of life implications. Hearing protection is recommended if occupational noise exposure routinely exceeds 85 decibels (dB). The purpose of this study was to determine if foot and ankle surgeons are exposed to excessive levels of noise, thus putting them at an increased risk for NIHL. Methods: A prospective review was conducted of intraoperative recordings during a variety of foot and ankle procedures. Recordings were categorized into 3 subgroups: trauma, deformity correction and degenerative conditions, and soft tissue procedures. Noise levels were reported as maximum dB level (MDL) and time-weighted average (TWA), defined as the average dB level projected over an 8-hour period. Dose was reported as the percentage of allowable daily noise, with projected dose reported as the measured dose projected over an 8-hour period. Results: A total of 147 operative recordings consisting of 64 (44%) deformity correction and degenerative conditions, 40 (27%) soft tissue procedures, and 43 (29%) trauma cases were collected. Maximal and average noise exposures were similar for all procedures ( P = .077; P = .090), with an average MDL of 98.9 dB (range, 87.9-109.2) and TWA of 60.5 dB. Procedures also did not significantly differ in dose ( P = .273), even when projected over an 8-hour period ( P = .362). The average MDL of total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) and hindfoot arthrodesis procedures was 101.5 dB (range, 93.9-109.2), with 52% of all deformity correction and degenerative procedures having an MDL over 100.0 dB. Conclusion: Foot and ankle surgeons are typically not exposed to dangerous levels of occupational noise as per National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health recommendation; however, specific procedures, such as arthrodesis and TAA, routinely achieve noise levels that are above the recommended limits.
Prevalence and risk factors of anxiety and depression in diabetic retinopathy patients: A cross-sectional study using multiple scales
Authors: Qiu Hui 
Published: November 2024

Objective To investigate the prevalence of anxiety and depression, and explore their related factors in all types of diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients more precisely and accurately by multiple scales. Methods Beck anxiety inventory (BAI), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), beck depression inventory (BDI), and self-rating depression scale (SDS) scores were assessed in 247 DR patients and 250 non-retinopathic diabetes mellitus (NRDM) patients. Results In DR patients, there were 32 patients with proliferative DR and 115 patients with impaired visual acuity. The prevalences (95% confidence interval) of anxiety were 38.5% (32.4%–44.6%) and 32.0% (26.2%–37.8%) by BAI and SAS, while those for depression were 31.6% (25.8%–37.4%) and 25.1% (19.7%–30.5%) by BDI and SDS in DR patients. BAI score ( P = 0.003), BAI-defined anxiety rate ( P = 0.010), SAS score ( P = 0.001), SAS-defined anxiety rate ( P = 0.006), BDI score ( P = 0.005), BDI-defined depression rate ( P = 0.028), and SDS score ( P = 0.001) were increased in DR patients versus NRDM patients. In DR patients, proliferative DR independently related to BAI-defined anxiety ( P < 0.001) and SAS-defined anxiety ( P < 0.001). Female ( P = 0.016) and proliferative DR ( P < 0.001) independently associated with BDI-defined depression; female ( P = 0.007), DM duration ( P = 0.025), triglyceride (TG) ( P = 0.026), and proliferative DR ( P = 0.014) independently associated with SDS-defined depression. The combination of these independent factors showed acceptable abilities in predicting BAI-defined anxiety, SAS-defined anxiety, BDI-defined depression, or SDS-defined depression in DR patients, with area under curves of 0.626, 0.656, 0.696, and 0.741, respectively (all P < 0.001). Conclusion Anxiety and depression are prevalent; meanwhile, proliferative DR, female, DM duration, and TG independently relate to anxiety or depression in DR patients.
Relationship between resilience, social support and psychological well-being in nursing students
Authors: Naz Afshan Mehwish , Khan Shaier , Manzoor Samina , Rehman Khubaid Ur , Aslam Zeenaf , Noor Nazi 
Published: November 2024

Background: Nursing students face significant academic stress, often surpassing that of other disciplines, due to exposure to diverse clinical settings and challenging patient conditions. This stress can lead to psychological issues like anxiety and depression, impacting their well-being. Aim and Methods: This study aimed to assess resilience and social support levels among 160 Generic BS Nursing students in five Public and Private nursing education institutions of Lahore, Pakistan and explore their relationship with psychological well-being by using a cross-sectional correlational study. A p-value of 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Results showed 47.5% of participants were aged 17–21, and 52.55% were older than 22. Most (88.8%) were female. Resilience scores were low-to-moderate (mean: 66.50 ± 14.7), psychological well-being was moderate (mean: 56.35 ± 18.98) and social support was low (mean: 5.07 ± 1.21). Notably, no significant differences were found between third and fourth-year students. Conclusion: This study highlighted the positive relationship between resilience, social support and psychological well-being among nursing students. Resilience plays a vital role in mitigating stress’s adverse effects, and strong support from family and friends contributes to positive psychological health.
Bowel preparation efficacy and discomfort of 2 L polyethylene glycol combined with linaclotide versus 3 L polyethylene glycol: a noninferiority, prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wu Jiandi , Liu Song , Li Shuyu , Li Gangping , Wang Erchuan , Bai Tao , Hou Xiaohua , Song Jun 
Published: November 2024

Background: Three liters of polyethylene glycol administered in a split dose is a commonly recommended regimen for bowel preparation before colonoscopy. Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the quality and tolerability of low-dose (2 L) polyethylene glycol combined with linaclotide (2 L+L) versus the 3 L polyethylene glycol (PEG) bowel preparation regimen. Design: A noninferiority, prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled trial. Methods: In this noninferiority, prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled study, patients scheduled for colonoscopy were enrolled and randomized to receive a 3 L PEG or 2L PEG+L regimen. The quality of bowel preparation and patients’ discomfort was assessed. Results: Over 12 months, 458 patients were randomized into 3 L PEG and 2 L+L groups. The primary endpoints showed that the 2 L+L regimen was superior to the 3L PEG regimen in overall bowel cleansing scores (Ottawa Bowel Preparation Scale: 3.3 ± 2.1 vs 3.7 ± 2.1, p = 0.021), but no significant difference in adequate bowel preparation rate between the two groups according to the OBPS score (97% vs 97.4%, p = 0.791). Before colonoscopy, patients in the 2 L +L regimen group had lower bloating scores (0.5 (0, 2) vs 1 (0, 3), p = 0.013), discomfort scores (1 (0, 2) vs 1 (0, 3), p = 0.006), and intolerability scores (1 (0, 3) vs 2 (0, 4), p = 0.016) than did those in the 3L PEG group. Conclusion: Two liters of polyethylene glycol combined with linaclotide may be an alternative regimen to 3 L of PEG taken in split doses for bowel preparation before colonoscopy. Trial registration: ChiCTR2100041992.
EUROVISCO Consensus Guidelines for the Use of Hyaluronic Acid Viscosupplementation in Knee Osteoarthritis Based on Patient Characteristics
Authors: Conrozier Thierry , Raman Raghu , Diraçoglu Demirhan , Montfort Jordi , Bard Hervé , Baron Dominique , Goncalves Belarmino , Richette Pascal , Migliore Alberto , Chevalier Xavier , Brittberg Mats , Henrotin Yves 
Published: November 2024

Objectives Viscosupplementation with hyaluronic acid (HA) is a commonly used intra-articular treatment for osteoarthritis (OA). We performed a Delphi consensus process to formulate guidelines for the use of intra-articular hyaluronic acid (IAHA) knee injection according to the patient’s characteristics. Methods The EUROVISCO group consists of 12 members who had expertise in clinical and/or research in the field of OA and IAHA treatment. This group drafted issues through an iterative process and subsequently voted according to a Delphi process on their level of agreement (LoA) on these recommendations. The scores were pooled to generate a median agreement score for each recommendation. The strength of the recommendation (SOR) was classified as strong if the median agreement score was ≥8. The level of consensus (LOC) was also obtained. The level of evidence was given for each recommendation. Results: A total of 34 statements were evaluated by the expert group. A unanimous or high LoA was obtained in 16. IAHA can be considered irrespective of the age in patients with symptomatic knee OA. It can be used in patients with diabetes and/or moderate to severe obesity. It can also be used in knee OA patients with a history of gout, meniscocalcinosis and with mild-to-moderate varus/valgus malalignment. The group recommended against the use of VS in pregnant women and in OA flare. Conclusion In summary, the working group provided strong recommendations for the use of IAHA injection that will facilitate individualized treatment decision algorithms in the management of knee OA.