bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Productivity and Stability of Multi‐Species Cover Crop Mixtures in the Northern Great Plains
Authors: Khan Qasim A. , McVay Kent A. 
Published: May 2019

Core Ideas
Multi species cover crops provided more stable biomass yield than single species.Grass components of cover crop mixtures were more productive than legume components.Cover crop mixtures did not use water or nitrogen differently than single species cover crops.Warm and cool season species within a functional group complemented each other.Relative LER was useful criteria to select cover crops for mixture construction.
Mixed species cover crops are a relatively recent crop management method for improving soil health and cropping system sustainability. This 2‐yr study assessed the productivity and stability of cover crop mixtures with multi‐species functional groups compared with single species cover crops. Selection criteria were developed to identify suitable cover crops for a semiarid region. The study was conducted in south‐central Montana and evaluated 11 cover crop treatments which consisted of six individual species, four mixtures of these species, and a chemical‐fallow check. Biomass of cover crop mixtures was greater than single species cover crops in 2014 (p = 0.04). However, land equivalent ratio (LER) showed that cover crop mixtures did not over‐yield single species cover crops (LER ≤ 1). Cover crop mixture productivity increased where grass and taproot species were included. In contrast mixtures with legumes resulted in low overall productivity. Coefficient of variability (CV) of the functional groups was in the order of 62% > 51% > 33% for grass, taproot, and legume, respectively. Spring soil NO3–N and soil water content following cover crop mixtures were not different from single species cover crops (p > 0.05) in both years. Cover crops that produced greater biomass generally consumed more nitrogen and water. Identifying single species or mixtures with stable but acceptable biomass yield that leave greater water and soil nitrogen for the following crop is more important than maximizing biomass productivity. Species with relative LER ≥ 1 performed well within a mixture and provided a useful criterion for mixture construction.
Biomass Production and Soil Carbon Analysis of Switchgrass under Rainfed or Minimal Irrigation in a Semiarid Environment
Authors: Wang Limei , Qian Y.L. , Brummer Joe , Wilhelm S.J. , Leach Jan E. 
Published: May 2019

Core Ideas
In this study, switchgrass grew well on marginally saline soil with limited irrigation.The southern‐origin cultivars had greater biomass yield than the northern cultivars.Irrigation increased above and below ground biomass, but not soil C and N content.Switchgrass had the potential to sequester C into the soil.
Limited information is available on switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) productivity in semiarid environments. A field experiment was conducted in semiarid Colorado, with the objectives were to determine: 1) aboveground biomass production of six upland switchgrass cultivars, and 2) soil organic carbon content of two switchgrass cultivars grown on a marginally saline soil under rainfed and minimal irrigation conditions. The experiment was a split plot design with rainfed vs. minimal irrigation treatment as the main plot and six cultivars [three southern cultivars (Blackwell, Pathfinder, and Trailblazer) and three northern cultivars (Sunburst, Forestburg, and Dacotah)] as subplot with three replications. Aboveground biomass for the six cultivars ranged from 1.1 to 7.8 Mg ha−1yr−1 in the establishment year, and 3.2–9.3 and 3.3–11.7 Mg ha−1yr−1 under rainfed and minimally irrigated conditions, respectively, during the following three stand years. Minimal irrigation (mean annual irrigation water of 21 cm) increased biomass yield compared to the rainfed control. Southern‐origin cultivars produced more biomass than the northern lines under both rainfed and minimal irrigation. Four years after establishment, within the top 0.6 m of soil, irrigation increased root biomass, with averages of 9.9 and 5.2 Mg ha−1 yr−1 for irrigation and rainfed treatments, respectively. Soil organic carbon accumulated rapidly at 0–20 cm soil depth in Blackwell and Pathfinder plots, at the rates of 1.07–1.36 Mg C ha−1 yr−1. Switchgrass growth in the semiarid environment was improved with limited supplemental irrigation and had the potential to sequester C into soil.
Agronomic Management of Malting Barley and Research Needs to Meet Demand by the Craft Brew Industry
Authors: Shrestha Raj K. , Lindsey Laura E. 
Published: May 2019

Core Ideas
Agronomic management and environment affect malting barley yield and quality.Most agronomic guidelines are from the Northwest and Northern Rockies and Plains.Breweries in the Upper Midwest, Ohio Valley, and Northeast want local grain.Research on cropping sequence, seeding date and rate, and N management is needed.
Malting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) requires agronomic management that maximizes grain yield while meeting quality standards. The majority of published literature on agronomic management of malting barley is from the US Northwest and Northern Rockies and Plains where barley is traditionally grown. However, the majority of craft breweries are located in the Upper Midwest, Ohio Valley, and Northeast, creating a demand for locally sourced grain. The objectives of this review were to: (i) summarize the current body of knowledge regarding agronomic management of malting barley, and (ii) identify research needs in the Upper Midwest, Ohio Valley, and Northeast. Across all regions, planting date and N management were major factors influencing grain yield and quality. Timely planting of malting barley generally improved yield and quality. Barley yield tended to increase with N application rate while quality decreased due to increased protein concentration. Planting malting barley following corn (Zea mays L.) or small grains resulted in disease problems that could affect grain quality and yield. In the Upper Midwest, Ohio Valley, and Northeast regions, the prospect of double crop soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] production after winter malting barley should be investigated, in addition to typical cropping sequences. Agronomic strategies to mitigate the negative effects of late‐planting situations are also needed as these regions often have delayed planting due to wet soil conditions. Furthermore, N fertilizer management is much different in humid regions compared with the Northwest and Northern Rockies and Plains, and warrants future research on developing in‐season N management strategies.
Characterizing Organic Carbon Storage in Experimental Agricultural Ditch Systems in Northeast Arkansas
Authors: Iseyemi Oluwayinka , Farris Jerry L. , Moore Matthew T. , Green V. Steven , Locke Martin A. , Choi Seo-eun 
Published: May 2019

Core Ideas
Agricultural drainage ditches can be considered as carbon sinks.
Agricultural ditches can provide an optimum environment for carbon sequestration.
Soil topography influences spatial carbon storage within wetlands.
Soil bulk densities influence carbon storage in wetlands.
Agricultural ditches are capable of many ecological functions, including flood control and edge of field nutrient filtration. This study investigated the potential for carbon sequestration within mowed and unmowed experimental conventional and controlled (with weirs) agricultural drainage ditches. The study analyzed and compared spatial and temporal variation in soil organic carbon (OC) concentration (g C kg–1) and OC pool (kg C m–2) within a 3‐cm soil depth between treatments. Soil OC concentrations were quantified through combustion of organic matter (OM) at 400°C in a muffle furnace for 16 h using the loss on ignition (LOI) method. Soil bulk density was also determined for each ditch treatment. In both summer and winter, mean soil C concentration in ditches with weirs was similar to mean soil C concentration in ditches with no weirs (16.68 ± 0.49 vs. 16.47 ± 0.46 g C kg–1 in summer; 14.47 ± 0.75 vs. 16.27 ± 0.72 g C kg–1 in winter). Similar bulk densities (0.67 Mg m–3, on average) and OC contents in ditches furnished comparable C pools in ditches with weirs and no weirs respectively (28.08 ± 0.75 vs. 27.88 ± 0.68 kg C m–2 in summer; 26.44 ± 1.56 vs. 30.24 ± 1.40 g C kg–1 in winter). The studied drainage ditches can therefore be considered for their contributions to the C sink, given the high values of C pool observed in the ditch treatments. This suggests agricultural drainage ditches can offer a suitable environment for C sequestration.
Plant Species and Hydrology as Controls on Constructed Wetland Methane Fluxes
Authors: Silvey Cain , Jarecke Karla M. , Hopfensperger Kristine , Loecke Terrance D. , Burgin Amy J. 
Published: May 2019

Core IdeasWetland plant species and site hydrology affect methane fluxes.Plant species effects were clearer under stable hydrology in mesocosm experiments.Species was not as important as the long‐term saturation pattern under variable field hydrologic conditions.Plants which emit methane under isolated mesocosm conditions do not necessarily do so under field conditions.Water table height and fluctuation may be a more dominant control over methane fluxes in wetland soils.Wetlands are the largest natural source of atmospheric methane (CH4), a potent greenhouse gas. Hydrology and species composition are important controls on wetland CH4emissions. Few studies target interactive effects on CH4fluxes, but rather study variables in isolation. Therefore, we asked: How do hydrology and plant species interact to affect CH4fluxes from wetland soils? We measured CH4fluxes under stable water tables in mesocosms planted withAsclepias incarnataL. and mesocosms planted withAlisma trivialePursh. We then tested the interactive effects in saturated and unsaturated restored field locations by measuring CH4fluxes from the plants and the surrounding soil. In mesocosms, CH4fluxes fromA. incarnatawere 8‐fold greater than fluxes from control (no plant) orA. trivialemesocosms.Alisma trivialemesocosms had higher CO2to CH4ratio (less methanogenic dominance) than control mesocosms but did not differ significantly fromA. incarnatamesocosms. In the field, hydrology was the dominant control of CH4flux; both plant species produced approximately 10‐fold more CH4in saturated plots than in unsaturated plots. Incorporating hydrology and species composition into modeling will better predict CH4fluxes from wetland soils, which in turn could aid in designing restored wetlands that offset greenhouse gas emissions.
Early Glomerular Hyperfiltration and Long-Term Kidney Outcomes in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Molitch Mark E. , Gao Xiaoyu , Bebu Ionut , de Boer Ian H. , Lachin John , Paterson Andrew , Perkins Bruce , Saenger Amy K. , Steffes Michael , Zinman Bernard ,   for the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (DCCT/EDIC) Research Group
Published: May 2019

Background and objectives
Glomerular hyperfiltration has been considered to be a contributing factor to the development of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). To address this issue, we analyzed GFR follow-up data on participants with type 1 diabetes undergoing 125I-iothalamate clearance on entry into the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT)/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications study.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
This was a cohort study of DCCT participants with type 1 diabetes who underwent an 125I-iothalamate clearance (iGFR) at DCCT baseline. Presence of hyperfiltration was defined as iGFR levels ≥140 ml/min per 1.73 m2, with secondary thresholds of 130 or 150 ml/min per 1.73 m2. Cox proportional hazards models assessed the association between the baseline hyperfiltration status and the subsequent risk of reaching an eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2.

Results
Of the 446 participants, 106 (24%) had hyperfiltration (iGFR levels ≥140 ml/min per 1.73 m2) at baseline. Over a median follow-up of 28 (interquartile range, 23, 33) years, 53 developed an eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2. The cumulative incidence of eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 at 28 years of follow-up was 11.0% among participants with hyperfiltration at baseline, compared with 12.8% among participants with baseline GFR <140 ml/min per 1.73 m2. Hyperfiltration was not significantly associated with subsequent risk of developing an eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 in an unadjusted Cox proportional hazards model (hazard ratio, 0.83; 95% confidence interval, 0.43 to 1.62) nor in an adjusted model (hazard ratio, 0.77; 95% confidence interval, 0.38 to 1.54). Application of alternate thresholds to define hyperfiltration (130 or 150 ml/min per 1.73 m2) showed similar findings.

Conclusions
Early hyperfiltration in patients with type 1 diabetes was not associated with a higher long-term risk of decreased GFR. Although glomerular hypertension may be a mechanism of kidney injury in DKD, higher total GFR does not appear to be a risk factor for advanced DKD.
Pengaruh curah hujan, kelembaban, dan temperatur terhadap prevalensi Malaria di Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Sulasmi Sri , Setyaningtyas Dian Eka , Rosanji Akhmad , Rahayu Nita 
Published: May 2019

Malaria is one of contagious disease which is still a crucial matter in Indonesia. Malaria disease control is being done by decreasing the number of malaria case gradually. South Kalimantan is one of high malaria prevalence province. Malaria cases occur nearly every month with significant raise of malaria occurence on May, October to July. This research intend to know the effect of rainfall, temperature and humidity on to occurence of Malaria case. This is a descriptive research, using secondary data of rainfall, temperature and humidity from Meteorology and Geophysics Board of Banjarbaru and Malaria case of Tanah Bumbu District data within 10 years term. This research shows that rainfall does effect the occurence of Malaria. Temperatur and humidity does effect the occurence of Malaria.
This result showed that rainfall does effect raise of mosquito density. Temperature does effect on mosquito density at 26,5 – 27 degree celcius. Humidity does effect on mosquito density at 85-87 percent. This research concludes that climate variable change does not directly effect raise of case.
Prevalensi Antibodi IgG dan DNA Cytomegalovirus pada darah donor di unit transfusi darah Provinsi DKI Jakarta
Authors: Noviar Ganjar , Ritchie Ni Ken , Bela Budiman , Soedarmono Yuyun SM 
Published: May 2019

Indonesia has not conduct regular screening test of CMV infection due to the lack of seropositive prevelance data information. However, seronegative CMV results is not an indicator of safe blood for transfusion, so that another test that serves as confirmation test for CMV DNA is required. The aim of this study is to obtain prevalence data of CMV IgG antibody positive, the prevalence of CMV DNA positive and to determine the effect of CMV IgG titers against CMV DNA in blood donors in UTD PMI DKI Jakarta. Cross-sectional method was used to test 113 blood donor samples which have met inclusion criteria. Screening for CMV IgG antibody was held using indirect method chemiluminescence immunoassay (ChLIA) by Liason® XL 10050 Chemiluminescence Analyzer and CMV DNA analysis using qPCR method for the detection of CMV UL 54 with a tool Roche Light Cycler 480 II. Results indicate positive prevalence of IgG CMV in 111 samples (98.23%), and negative CMV IgG in 2 samples (1.77%). Prevalence of CMV DNA positive donors is one sample (0.88%), 112 negative CMV DNA samples (99.12%) and Fisher's test results {P (0.982)> α (0.05)} showed no significant association between CMV IgG status with CMV DNA. CONCLUSIONS: UTD DKI Jakarta has a high prevalence of CMV IgG with low prevalence of CMV DNA.
AKTIFITAS RAMUAN JAMU CABE JAWA, DAUN SENDOK DAN SELEDRI TERHADAP TIKUS HIPERURISEMIA
Authors: Fitriani Ulfa , Wijayanti Enggar , Zulkarnain Zuraida 
Published: May 2019

Hiperurisemia merupakan suatu keadaan dimana terjadi peningkatan kadar asam urat darah melebihi nilai normal. Cabe jawa (Piper retrofractum), daun sendok (Plantago major), dan seledri (Avium graveolens) diketahui memiliki khasiat sebagai penurun asam urat darah. Penggunaan kombinasi ketiga tanaman obat tersebut sebagai anti hiperurisemia belum pernah dilakukan sebelumnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan khasiat ketiga tanaman tersebut dalam satu ramuan jamu. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimental murni dengan pre and post test controlled design. Hasil intervensi selama 7 hari pada 30 ekor tikus putih jantan yang terbagi dalam 5 kelompok yakni kelompok kontrol (tanpa perlakuan), kelompok kontrol positif (allopurinol), kelompok ramuan jamu dengan 3 macam dosis masing-masing 0,2 g, 0,4 g dan 0,8 g, menunjukan bahwa kadar asam urat darah pada kelompok perlakuan mengalami penurunan. Pemberian ramuan jamu anti hiperurisemia dengan dosis 0,4 g mampu menurunkan kadar asam urat darah dengan rerata paling tinggi. Ramuan jamu yang terdiri dari cabe jawa, daun sendok dan seledri mampu menurunkan kadar asam urat darah pada tikus.

Kata kunci: Cabe jawa, daun sendok, seledri, hiperurisemia
EL ESTUDIO DE CASOS COMO METODOLOGÍA DE INVESTIGACIÓN Y SU IMPORTANCIA EN LA DIRECCIÓN Y ADMINISTRACIÓN DE EMPRESAS
Authors: Castro Monge Edgar 
Published: May 2019

Son diversos los estudios realizados por diferentes autores que han señalado la gran importancia que tiene la investigación basada en estudios de casos en la Administración y Dirección de Empresas, ya que esta herramienta es una de las más utilizadas en la metodología de investigación cualitativa. El ensayo trata de dar las bases para justificar la importancia y el uso de esta metodología de investigación, y pretende a la vez realizar una comparación entre el estudio de casos (investigación cualitativa) y la investigación cuantitativa tratando de refutar algunos prejuicios y cuestionamientos que varios autores realizan al estudio de casos. Asimismo, se pretende dar las bases teóricas para desarrollar eficientemente un estudio de casos.
LA INNOVACIÓN QUE POTENCIA EL DESARROLLO
Authors: ULATE SOTO ILEANA 
Published: May 2019

En este artículo se muestra cómo los países y organizaciones que han dado un salto hacia el desarrollo tienen un alto ligamen con la investigación y desarrollo que ofrece como resultado innovaciones en diferentes ámbitos. La innovación actualmente tiene un horizonte amplio que contempla diferentes fuentes, por tanto promover una equilibrada relación entre educación, tecnología, generación de oportunidades y explotación del conocimiento como activo productivo es indispensable para incentivar la creatividad y la innovación social. Invertir en investigación y desarrollo permite obtener mejores resultados en los procesos de innovación, es esencial establecer una vinculación entre la gestión academia y la gestión empresarial con el objeto de identificar las diferentes fuentes de conocimiento, en la creación y mejoramiento de productos y servicios ofrecidos que coadyuven a su vez a mejor la calidad de vida de las personas.
Pengaruh Tingkat Suku Bunga, Tingkat Bagi Hasil, Likuiditas, Inflasi, Ukuran Bank, dan Pertumbuhan Produk Domestik Bruto terhadap Deposito Mudharabah Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia
Authors: Sholikha Akhris Fuadatis 
Published: May 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of interest rates, the level of profit sharing, liquidity, inflation, the size of the company, and the growth of gross domestic product simultaneously and partially on mudaraba deposits at Islamic Commercial Banking in Indonesia. This study conduct quantitative research with hypothesis testing on secondary data in term of time series on the quartely financial statements starting from the first quarter of 2011 to fourth quarter of 2014. The reserach sample is six Islamic Commercial Banking in Indonesia. The data analysis technique in this study are descriptive analysis, classical assumption test, multiple regression analysis, hypothesis test uses F test, and t test. The result showed that variable of interest rates, the level of profit sharing, liquidity, inflation, the size of the company, and the growth of gross domestic product simultaneously significant influence on mudaraba deposits at Islamic Commercial Banking in Indonesia. while partially variable of the level of profit sharing, and the size of the company positivelly significant influence on mudaraba deposits at Islamic Commercial Banking in Indonesia, but interest rates, liquidity, inflation, and the growth of gross domestic product does not significant influence on mudaraba deposits at Islamic Commercial Banking in Indonesia.
PENGARUH MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING BERBANTU PETA KONSEP TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA SMA
Authors: Simatupang Mardiana Afriany , Simatupang Sehat 
Published: May 2019

This study aims to determine the effect of the use of problem-based learning model-assisted learning concept maps on learning outcomes of students in the subject matter of dynamic power in the second half of class X SMA Negeri Medan FY 14 2013/2014. This research is a quasi-experiment with the entire population of students in grade 14 class X SMA Negeri Medan, amounting to 9 classes. The study sample consisted of two classes defined by cluster random sampling technique, which is a class X IPA-3 by using a model-assisted learning problem based learning concept maps and IPA-2 class X using conventional learning models. The instrument used in this study was twofold: 1) achievement test in the form of multiple choice with 5 possible answers of 20 questions that have been declared valid by the validator. 2) observation sheet student learning activities. The average value of student activities for learning problem-based learning model with the concept of classified active-assisted map. Based on the t test at significance level α = 0.05 level, we could say that there is an influence model of learning problem-based learning-assisted concept mapping on learning outcomes of students in the subject matter of dynamic electric field in SMA 14 TA 2013/2014. Keywords : problem based learning, concept maps, learning outcomes, activities.
PENGEMBANGAN PROGRAM PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS PENDEKATAN PEMBELAJARAN SAINTIFIK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN GENERIK SAINS CALON GURU FISIKA
Authors: Wahyuni Ida , Amdani Khairul , Harahap Mukti Hamjah 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRAK Sesuai tujuan utama penelitian telah disusun perangkat pembelajaran untuk beberapa komptensi dasar mata kuliah Fisika Umum dengan model-model pembelajaran berbasis karakter untuk meningkatkan karakter dan hasil belajar mahasiswa (yang meliputi: pembelajaran berdasarkan masalah, pembelajaran kooperatif dengan berbagai type, dan inquiry training. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian pengembangan. Perangkat pembelajaran yang disusun meliputi (1) silabus, (2) rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran (RPP), (3) bahan ajar, (4) lembar kerja mahasiswa (LKM), dan (5) pedoman/alat evaluasi. Target khusus yang ingin dicapai adalah (1) peningkatan hasil belajar mahasiswa, dan (2) mengembangkan karakter mahasiswa antara lain sikap jujur, tanggung jawab, disiplin, berlaku hormat, kerjasama, kemampuan berkomunikasi dan kreativitas. Kata Kunci : Program Pembelajaran Berbasis Pendekatan Saintifik (P2BPS), keterampilan generik sains