bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility of newly designed rotatable sphincterotome for endoscopic sphincterotomy (with video)
Authors: Hori Yasuki , Hayashi Kazuki , Naitoh Itaru , Okumura Fumihiro , Anbe Kaiki , Miyabe Katsuyuki , Hirano Atsuyuki , Takada Hiroki , Jinno Naruomi , Yoshida Michihiro , Kato Akihisa , Kachi Kenta , Sahashi Hidenori , Adachi Akihisa , Toyohara Tadashi , Kuno Kayoko , Kito Yusuke , Kataoka Hiromi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background and study aims Endoscopic sphincterotomy can be challenging especially in patients with surgically altered anatomy. Although a rotatable sphincterotome (r-sphincterotome) may be useful, its rotational function is often inadequate. We evaluated the feasibility of a newly designed r-sphincterotome equipped with a well-conceived cutting wire.
Methods We measured the movement and dynamics of both the newly designed r-sphincterotome and two existing r-sphincterotomes using in-house equipment. Ideally, the rotational force exerted at the proximal end should transmit directly to the distal end. But it is often challenging, particularly within the constraints of a bent endoscope and working channel. We collected data regarding deviation from the ideal value 10 times for each sphincterotome.
Results The deviation from the ideal value was significantly lower with the newly designed r-sphincterotome than with the conventional r-sphincterotomes (44.9 ± 27.8 vs. 73.7 ± 44.6 and 130.1 ± 71.4 degrees, respectively; P < 0.001). The newly designed r-sphincterotome rotated smoothly and consistently at a constant speed, mirroring the input rotation.
Conclusions We evaluated the feasibility of the newly designed r-sphincterotome using an experimental model. We believe that the findings from these experiments may contribute to easier and more precise sphincterotomies.
Dye-based chromoendoscopy versus i-scan virtual chromoendoscopy in long-standing ulcerative colitis: Multicenter prospective RCT
Authors: Jans Alexander , Sinonquel Pieter , Seerden Tom C.J. , De Bodelier Alexander , de Ridder Rogier , Pierik Marieke J , Karstensen John Gásdal , Sloth Stine , De Hertogh Gert , Demedts Ingrid , Willekens Hilde , Vermeire Severine , Bisschops Raf 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background and study aims Long-standing ulcerative colitis (UC) is associated with an increased risk of developing colorectal neoplasia. Both dye-based chromoendoscopy (DCE) and virtual chromoendoscopy (VCE) increase detection of neoplastic lesions. In this prospective randomized controlled trial (RCT), we compared the neoplasia detection rate between DCE and i-scan VCE in patients with long-standing UC.
Patient and methods In four European hospitals, 131 patients with long-standing UC (disease duration > 8 years) were randomized to either DCE with methylene blue 0.1% (n = 66) or i-scan VCE (n = 65). All procedures were performed by trained endoscopists. Biopsies were taken from all visible lesions and the surrounding mucosa.
Results The mean number of neoplastic lesions detected per colonoscopy was not significantly different between DCE (0.27) and i-scan VCE (0.37) (P = 0.41). Similarly, there was no significant difference in neoplasia detection rate between DCE (19.7%) and VCE (27.7%) (odds ratio0.64, 95% confidence interval 0.28–1.50, P = 0.31). However, the per lesion neoplasia detection rate was significantly higher with i-scan VCE compared to DCE (27.6% vs 15.3%, P = 0.036). Both withdrawal and total procedure time were on average 10.0 and 9.9 minutes shorter using i-scan VCE (both P < 0.001).
Conclusions This multicenter, prospective RCT showed no significant difference in neoplasia detection between DCE and i-scan VCE in long-standing UC. However, use of i-scan VCE was associated with a lower false-positive rate and a significantly shorter procedure time compared with DCE. I-scan VCE, therefore, could be a valid replacement for DCE in UC surveillance colonoscopies.
Ethical Issues and the Role of Palliative Care for Patients with Aspiration Pneumonia
Authors: Rosen Amanda , Hayward Bradley 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAspiration pneumonia is a clinical entity with important ethical considerations. It is imperative for clinicians to understand these considerations to best provide counsel to patients and their families, allowing them to make fully informed decisions. Given that aspiration pneumonia is frequently associated with end of life, there are palliative medicine principles that may help in the treatment of this disease.
Protests on Campus: The Political Economy of Universities and Social Movements
Authors: Kaur Harnoor , Yuchtman Noam 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn the 2023–24 academic year, protests swept across US university campuses, then campuses in Britain and elsewhere, demanding a ceasefire in the Israeli–Hamas conflict and specific university administrative responses to the conflict. This paper puts this recent wave of protests into historical perspective. It first argues that the university must be understood not only as an economic institution that produces human capital, but also as a political institution that produces a society’s elites. As such, a fundamental institutional role is to endow entering cohorts of elites with an “ideological bundle”, which is also, at times, contested in the university environment. We present new patterns of such contestation, collecting information from multiple sources on protests involving university students across time and space. We argue that the current wave of ceasefire protests is best understood as a demand by young elites to modify the elite ideological bundle. Historical evidence suggests that such modifications have regularly been made following campus protests.
Code green: ethical leadership’s role in reconciling AI-induced job insecurity with pro-environmental behavior in the digital workplace
Authors: Kim Byung-Jik , Kim Min-Jik , Lee Julak 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe current research investigates the complex interplay between artificial intelligence (AI)-induced job insecurity, psychological contract breach (PCB), pro-environmental behavior at work (PEBW), and ethical leadership in the context of organizational sustainability. As AI technologies increasingly permeate the workplace, understanding their impact on employee attitudes and behaviors becomes crucial for maintaining organizational effectiveness and environmental responsibility. Drawing on several theories, we developed and tested a moderated mediation model using a three-wave time-lagged design with 391 employees from various South Korean corporations. Our findings reveal that AI-induced job insecurity does not directly affect PEBW, but rather operates through the mediating mechanism of PCB. Specifically, AI-induced job insecurity positively influences PCB, which in turn negatively affects PEBW. Moreover, ethical leadership emerges as a significant moderator, mitigating the positive association between AI-induced job insecurity and PCB. This study uniquely contributes to the literature by integrating AI-induced job insecurity into the organizational sustainability framework, offering novel insights into how technological advancements influence employee pro-environmental behaviors. Our findings extend the understanding of the Context-Attitudes-Behavior framework in the digital age, bridging the gap between technological disruption literature and environmental sustainability research. These results provide practical implications for organizations striving to balance technological innovation with employee well-being and environmental responsibility, offering strategies for maintaining pro-environmental behaviors amidst AI-induced uncertainties. This paper contributes to the growing literature on AI at work and offers insights for organizations navigating the challenges of technological advancement while promoting environmental sustainability.
Qualitative research on language learning strategies and self-regulation
Authors: Thomas Nathan , Schneider Jason , Zhou Sihan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Scholarship on language learning strategies has evolved from small-scale, practitioner-oriented studies to
predominantly large-scale, questionnaire-driven research. This general shift has been instrumental in contributing to the field’s
increased popularity. Robust quantitative studies are valuable. However, many scholars have called for more qualitative research
to understand learners’ strategic behaviors in greater depth. Similarly, research on self-regulated learning can also benefit from
qualitative inquiry. While self-regulated learning was once considered a replacement for language learning strategies, it is now
commonly researched as a complementary construct within the same domain. As such, this special issue showcases recent qualitative
studies that explore the complex “why” and “how” of language learning strategies and self-regulated learning. Originating from a
symposium at the 2023 AILA World Congress, this collection brings together a range of methodologies, illustrating diversity within
qualitative approaches and providing empirical insights that advance both theory and practice. In this introduction, we explain
our rationale for proposing this special issue, discuss key issues it addresses, and conclude by providing future directions for
research.
Linearized boundary control method for density reconstruction in acoustic wave equations
Authors: Oksanen Lauri , Yang Tianyu , Yang Yang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We develop a linearized boundary control method for the inverse boundary value problem of determining a density in the acoustic wave equation. The objective is to reconstruct an unknown perturbation in a known background density from the linearized Neumann-to-Dirichlet map. A key ingredient in the derivation is a linearized Blagoves̆c̆enskiĭ’s identity with a free parameter. When the linearization is at a constant background density, we derive two reconstructive algorithms with stability estimates based on the boundary control method. When the linearization is at a non-constant background density, we establish an increasing stability estimate for the recovery of the density perturbation. The proposed reconstruction algorithms are implemented and validated with several numerical experiments to demonstrate the feasibility.
Role of thermal and electric fields in the failure mechanism of metallized film capacitors: insights from molecular chain dynamics within polymer dielectrics
Authors: Zhang Jie , Wang Feipeng , Zhou Jian , Zhang Zhicheng , Li Jian , Chen Weigen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The seamless integration of modern power systems and renewable energy sources heavily relies on advanced power electronics technologies, with metallized film capacitors (MFCs) playing a pivotal role in this ecosystem. Ensuring the operational efficiency and safety of these systems necessitates a thorough understanding of MFC failure mechanisms. In this study, molecular dynamics and density functional theory are employed to analyze the microscopic parameters governing MFC failure characteristics across a temperature spectrum of 25 °C–105 °C. The investigation is geared toward theoretically assessing MFC failure mechanisms under varying voltage ramp rates. Our findings highlight temperature as the primary influencer of failure characteristics at slower ramp rates (50 and 75 V s−1), where the interplay between carrier transport and intermolecular interaction energy dictates the trend of capacitor failure voltage—a pattern of initial increase followed by decrease with temperature. Conversely, higher voltage ramp rates accentuate the significance of the electric field. At a rapid ramp rate of 900 V s−1, the dominance of the electric field mitigates the impact of temperature, resulting in minimal variation in failure voltage across temperatures. Moreover, under intense electric fields, the reduction in free volume within the polypropylene unit exhibits a rapid decline, significantly constraining the mobility of molecular chains. Consequently, certain segments of these molecular chains exhibit localized alignment and directional movement. The rise in molecular polarity and reduction in energy gap contribute to substantially lower failure voltages compared to slower ramp rates. This study offers robust theoretical insights into comprehending MFC failure characteristics, thereby ensuring their reliable operation in demanding environments.
Why hyperdensity functionals describe any equilibrium observable
Authors: Sammüller Florian , Schmidt Matthias 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We give an introductory account of the recent hyperdensity functional theory for the equilibrium statistical mechanics of soft matter systems (Sammüller et al 2024 Phys. Rev. Lett.
133 098201). Hyperdensity functionals give access to the behaviour of arbitrary thermal observables in spatially inhomogeneous equilibrium many-body systems. The approach is based on classical density functional theory applied to an extended ensemble using standard functional techniques. The associated formally exact generalized Mermin-Evans functional relationships can be represented accurately by neural functionals. These neural networks are trained via simulation-based supervised machine learning and they allow one to carry out efficient functional calculus using automatic differentiation and numerical functional line integration. Exact sum rules, including hard wall contact theorems and hyperfluctuation Ornstein–Zernike equations, interrelate the different correlation functions. We lay out close connections to hyperforce correlation sum rules (Robitschko et al 2024 Commun. Phys.
7 103) that arise from statistical mechanical gauge invariance (Müller et al 2024 Phys. Rev. Lett.
133 217101). Further quantitative measures of collective self-organization are provided by hyperdirect correlation functionals and spatially resolved hyperfluctuation profiles. The theory facilitates to gain deep insight into the inherent structuring mechanisms that govern the behaviour of both simple and complex order parameters in coupled many-body systems.
Intensity-varied interferometric autocorrelations for characterisations of optical nonlinearity
Authors: Jenne Matthias F , Holzman Jonathan F 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this work, we present the theoretical framework and experimental setup for intensity-varied interferometric autocorrelations. This is done to resolve the manifestations of multiphoton absorption and saturation, while avoiding the complexities of analogous techniques. Our system is demonstrated with the standardised wavelength of 1550 nm, at the centre of the optical communication band, and a conventional silicon photodiode, whose bandstructure allows for multiple pathways for multiphoton absorption. With this system, we see the silicon exhibit negligible one-photon absorption, strong two-photon absorption for intensities up to 160 GW cm−2, strong three-photon absorption for intensities between 160 and 350 GW cm−2, and saturation for intensities above 350 GW cm−2. Ultimately, such results suggest that the proposed theoretical framework and experimental setup are effective tools for nonlinear characterisations of multiphoton absorption and saturation.
Local damage-sensing method for structural members based on stress correlation characteristics
Authors: Lu Wei , Cui Yan , Tan Xinyi , Teng Jun , Hu Weihua 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Structures are subjected to various external factors during the service life, the structure may have potential safety hazards caused by local damage. In order to accurately perceive the structural safety and identify issues in real-time, it is essential to develop local damage-sensing method for structural members using monitoring data. Therefore, this study proposes a local damage-sensing method for structural components based on stress correlation characteristics. This method relies on stress monitoring data, takes temperature influence into account, and achieves high accuracy in identifying local damage sensitivity. First, a strain response expression method is proposed based on the unit impulse response function and the external excitation function. The strain correlation function for any two measurement points on the structure is derived, and the correlation function between the strain at the measurement point and the strain at a reference point is calculated. The correlation function magnitude vector is constructed from its absolute values, and a component-state perception index is proposed based on the residuals of the magnitude vector of the stress correlation function. The monitoring data of Zhuhai Grand Theatre for 30 d within 5 months are analysed. By applying the proposed method to the Zhuhai Grand Theatre, the slowly varying temperature effects are effectively separated, the local damage identification result is in accordance with the presupposed situation, where the feasibility and accuracy of the proposed method is confirmed.
An adaptive acoustic signal reconstruction and fault diagnosis method for rolling bearings based on SSDAE–MobileViT
Authors: Gu Yingkui , Wang Puzhou , Li Yin , You Keshun , Qiu Guangqi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The Stack denoising autoencoder (SDAE) is suitable for acoustic signal denoising because of its ability to learn high-level features automatically, but the reconstruction effect is unstable with high-intensity noise. The reason is that the noise, which is emitted by neighboring equipment, easily disguises the acoustic signals of the target equipment. This reduces the smoothness of the signal and has an impact on the accuracy of the fault diagnosis. Accordingly, this paper presents a supervised SDAE (SSDAE)–mobile vision transformer (MobileViT) model, aiming to identify the fault location and fault degree accurately and efficiently in the presence of substantial background noise interference. First, an SSDAE is established to reduce the high-intensity noise present in the fault acoustic signals; the Huber loss between the reconstructed signal and the theoretical signal is employed to guide the fine-tuning of the model. Subsequently, the mel-frequency cepstral coefficient was used to extract the acoustic features of the reconstructed signal, and it was converted into a mel-frequency spectrogram. Finally, the MobileViT model is utilized for fault classification. Ultimately, an acoustic fault diagnosis model of rolling bearings under high-intensity noise is obtained. According to comparative experiments, the noise reduction method proposed in this paper achieved the highest level of signal-to-noise ratio increment, waveform similarity coefficient, and mean square deviation in real signals when compared with the three traditional noise reduction methods. Furthermore, the average fault diagnosis accuracy of the fault diagnosis model was found to be 99.2%, which was determined to be optimal in comparison with other fault diagnosis models.
Performance of Cu-doped V2O5 thin film as a hole transport layer in perovskite-based solar cells
Authors: Ongul Fatih 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Herein, the performance of Cu-doped V2O5 thin film as a hole transport layer (HTL) in inverted planar (p-i-n) perovskite solar cells was reported. The structural, optical, morphological, and electrical properties of Cu-doped V2O5 thin films, with varying Cu concentrations, were analyzed using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectrophotometry, atomic force microscopy, Kelvin probe force microscopy, and a four-point probe system. The sheet resistance of the V2O5 HTLs decreased significantly with Cu doping, leading to an increase in the devices’ short-circuit current, which depended on the Cu concentration in the V2O5 thin films. It was demonstrated that V2O5 thin films produced using a low-temperature process can serve as a HTL in p-i-n perovskite solar cells. Furthermore, Cu doping in V2O5 thin films was shown to enhance the power conversion efficiency of the devices.
Determining the hydrogen production potential of ConMo6Se8 chevrel phases
Authors: Gencer Aysenur , Surucu Ozge , Sahin Murat , Ozel Faruk , Surucu Gokhan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this study, the Co

n

Mo
6
Se
8 (n = 1, 2, 3, and 4) Chevrel phases are investigated by using Density Functional Theory (DFT) to reveal their potential for photocatalytic hydrogen production. The stability conditions of these phases reveal that CoMo
6
Se
8, Co
2
Mo
6
Se
8, and Co
3
Mo
6
Se
8 satisfy the thermodynamic and mechanic stability properties, while Co
4
Mo
6
Se
8 does not satisfy any of these properties. Furthermore, the formation enthalpy of these phases shows that CoMo
6
Se
8, Co
2
Mo
6
Se
8, and Co
3
Mo
6
Se
8 can be synthesized experimentally due to having negative formation enthalpy values. Furthermore, the thermal stabilities of the machine-learning (ML) force fields are investigated by ab-initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) calculations. The electronic properties of these phases are also investigated in detail, and it is found that Co
3
Mo
6
Se
8 has a suitable band gap for photocatalytic water splitting. Concerning the investigation of the valence band and conduction band levels, it is shown that Co
3
Mo
6
Se
8 has a conduction band minimum level suitable for producing hydrogen. This study is the first attempt to reveal the hydrogen production performance of the Co

n

Mo
6
Se
8 (n = 1, 2, 3, and 4) Chevrel phases as far as the literature is concerned, paving the ground for future investigations in this field.
Close correlations among thermodynamic, structural and mechanical properties in Mg-Cu-Y metallic glasses
Authors: Feng Haonan , Zhang Xingguang , Pan Shaopeng , Niu Xiaofeng , Qiao Junwei , Song Kaikai , Wang Weimin , Qin Jingyu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Utilizing classical molecular dynamics simulations, this paper delves into close correlations among thermodynamic, structural and mechanical properties of Mg90-x
Cu
x
Y10 metallic glasses. The investigation reveals a peak in the glass transition temperature when the concentration of Cu (c
Cu) reaches about 0.6, indicating an optimal composition for enhanced glass-forming ability within this alloy system. Additionally, the thermodynamic parameters and some atomic structures of MgCuY metallic glasses, characterized by pair distribution function, coordination number and Warren-Cowley parameters, also change at c
Cu = 0.6. Moreover, a quadratic relationship is uncovered between the glass transition temperature and enthalpy of mixing, and a linear relationship between strength and c
Cu is observed for c
Cu < 0.6, which might be correlated with the atomic structure around Y atoms. These results have effectively verified that there is a close correlation among thermodynamic, structural and mechanical properties of metallic glass.