bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intermittent injection of Methylprednisolone Sodium Succinate in the treatment of Cervical Spinal Cord injury complicated with incomplete paraplegia
Authors: Wang Wei , Zuo Baoshu , Liu Haixia , Cui Limin 
Published: January 2019

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of intermittent injection of methylprednisolone sodium succinate in the treatment of cervical spinal cord injury complicated with incomplete paraplegia.
Methods: Seventy-eight patients with cervical spinal cord injury complicated with incomplete paraplegia who were admitted between August 2016 and December 2017 were enrolled and grouped into an observation group and a control group using random number table, 39 in each group. Patients in the control group were given vertebral body decompression and bone grafting and internal fixation according to the severity of spinal cord compression, while patients in the observation group were treated by methylprednisolone sodium succinate in addition to the same treatment as the control group. The clinical efficacy and medicine associated adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.
Results: The cure rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (46.2% (18/39) vs. 20.5% (8/39)). After the treatment, the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score and American Spinal Cord Injury Association (ASIA) score of the two groups after treatment were significantly higher compared to before treatment, and the scores of the observation group were much higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions of the observation and control groups was 15.4% and 17.9% respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Intermittent injection of methylprednisolone sodium succinate has definite efficacy in treating cervical spinal cord injury complicated with incomplete paraplegia, with a low incidence of adverse reactions; hence it is worth promotion.
How to cite this:Wang W, Zuo B, Liu H, Cui L. Intermittent injection of Methylprednisolone Sodium Succinate in the treatment of Cervical Spinal Cord injury complicated with incomplete paraplegia. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(1):141-145. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.1.211
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Analysis of the expression of BAX, BCL2, BIRC6, CASP3, CASP9 apoptosis genes during the first episode of schizophrenia
Authors: Szymona Kinga , Dudzińska Ewa , Karakuła-Juchnowicz Hanna , Gil-Kulik Paulina , Chomik Piotr , Świstowska Małgorzata , Gałaszkiewicz Joanna , Kocki Janusz 
Published: January 2019

Cel pracyCelem pracy było 1) porównanie poziomu ekspresji genów apoptozy BAX, BCL2, BIRC6, CASP3, CASP9 u pacjentów ze schizofrenią i w grupie kontrolnej oraz 2) określenie powiązań pomiędzy poziomem ekspresji genów a parametrami morfologicznymi krwi obwodowej oraz nasileniem objawów psychopatologicznych.MetodaDo badania włączono 21 pacjentów z rozpoznaniem schizofrenii wg ICD-10 oraz 26 zdrowych osób. Oceniano ekspresję genów w limfocytach krwi obwodowej, parametry laboratoryjne oraz nasilenie objawów psychopatologicznych za pomocą skali PANSS.WynikiEkspresja genu BCL2 i genu CASP3 była istotnie wyższa u pacjentów ze schizofrenią w porównaniu z grupą kontrolną. W grupie pacjentów ze schizofrenią wykazano istotną dodatnią korelację poziomu ekspresji genu BAX z liczbą neutrofili, limfocytów i monocytów oraz nasileniem objawów negatywnych (PANSS-N), zaś genu BCL2 i CASP9 z liczbą monocytów, natomist genu CASP3 z liczbą limfocytów.Wnioski1. Istotnie wyższa ekspresja genów BCL2 i CASP3 pacjentow ze schizofrenią w porównaniu do grupy kontrolnej dowodzi nasilenia procesu apoptozy, wpisując się w teorię zwiększonej apoptozy w patofizjologii schizofrenii.
2. Istotne korelacje pomiędzy ekspresją genu BAX a parametrami układu białokrwinkowego (liczbą leukocytów, neutrofili, limfocytów, monocytów) w grupie pacjentów ze schizofrenią, sugerują związek z dysregulacją immunologiczną i potwierdzają obecność apoptozy w limfocytach krwi obwodowej. 3. Ekspresja genu BAX może być wskaźnikiem nasilenia objawów negatywnych w schizofrenii. 4. Analiza interkorelacji ekspresji badanych genów wskazuje, że najaktywniejszymi genami w procesie apoptozy w badanej grupie były BAX i CASP3.
Use of platelet-rich plasma and platelet-derived patches to treat chronic wounds
Authors: Tsai Hsin-Chung , Lehman Caitlin W. , Chen Chuan-Mu 
Published: January 2019

Objective: To compare the healing results between platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet-derived patches versus traditional advanced wound dressings in patients with chronic wounds. Method: Patients with and without diabetes were divided into two groups, each of which received either PRP patch treatments or the advanced wound dressings. All wounds were cleaned, debrided and assessed by physicians. The data were analysed and represented as mean ± standard deviation (SD). Student's t-test was used to calculate the significance of differences between both groups. Values of p<0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Patients with and without diabetes receiving PRP patch treatments saw improvement in wound healing in two weeks (p=0.0083). Patients with diabetes who received platelet-derived patch treatment and PRP injection experienced wound size reduction to <25% of the original area by the fourth week of treatment, and >90% of the subjects had wounds of <10% their original size in the last three weeks of the trial. Conversely, the wound area in the control subjects receiving traditional advanced wound dressings remained at 25–50% of their original size from the fourth week of treatment to the end of the trial. The healing process of the PRP patch experimental group was statistically significant compared with the control group (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Combining treatments of PRP injections and platelet-derived patches significantly improved the healing outcomes of patients with chronic wounds, most notably in patients with diabetes, when compared with a traditional treatment of advanced wound dressings.
A Contribuição do Lúdico na Educação Infantil
Authors: Santos Naiara Stéfane Soares , Coutinho Marta Callou Barros , Sobral Maria do Socorro Cecilio 
Published: January 2019

O presente artigo tem como objetivo discutir e analisar as contribuições do lúdico na prática pedagógica dos professores da educação infantil. A metodologia utilizada foi à revisão bibliográfica, nas bases de dados da CAPES e Scielo dos últimos dez anos, em livros e publicações cientificas. Os resultados do estudo apontaram na direção de que o lúdico é utilizado pelos professores para auxiliar nas práticas pedagógicas e pode ajudar a facilitar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem dos alunos, para alcançar a qualidade desejada em sala de aula. A Contribuição da pesquisa foi como reflexão sobre como as atividades lúdicas ajudam na construção do conhecimento e podem revelar diferentes tipos de sentimentos, levando aos poucos a criança a aceitar a existência do outro e o quanto o educador deve usar e abusar dessa ferramenta na sua prática para melhor conduzir o processo de ensino aprendizagem do estudante.
ASUPAN VITAMIN D, KALSIUM DAN FOSFOR PADA ANAK STUNTING DAN TIDAK STUNTING USIA 12-24 BULAN DI KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Chairunnisa Estillyta , Kusumastuti Aryu Candra , Panunggal Binar 
Published: January 2019

Latar Belakang : Stunting merupakan masalah gizi yang banyak ditemukan pada anak di negara berkembang seperti di Indonesia. Stunting yaitu gangguan pertumbuhan disebabkan kekurangan gizi kronis berdasarkan nilai z-score panjang badan menurut umur kurang dari -2 SD. Kecukupan asupan zat gizi mikro yang tidak adekuat menjadi salah satu faktor penyebab terjadi stunting pada anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan asupan vitamin D, kalsium dan fosfor pada anak stunting dan tidak stunting usia 12-24 bulan. Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan desain case-control. Subjek adalah anak stunting dan tidak stunting usia 12-24 bulan di Kelurahan Rowosari dan Meteseh, Semarang. Total subjek pada masing-masing kelompok kasus dan kontrol sejumlah 40 orang. Pengambilan subjek menggunakan metode simple random sampling. Data asupan zat gizi diperoleh dengan menggunakan Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ). Analisis zat gizi menggunakan software NutriSurvey. Analisis data secara statistik menggunakan uji Chi Square, Fisher’s exact dan regresi logistik ganda.Hasil : Rerata asupan kalsium dan fosfor pada kelompok kasus sebesar 303,3±2,8 mg dan 440,1±1,9 mg sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol sebesar 606±3 mg dan 662±2,5 mg. Rerata asupan vitamin D pada kelompok kasus sebesar 2,2±3,3 mcg dan pada kelompok kontrol sebesar 4,8±4,1 mcg. Terdapat perbedaan antara asupan kalsium (p=0,003; OR=4,5) dan fosfor (p=0,001; OR=13,5) pada anak stunting dan tidak stunting usia 12-24 bulan. Tidak terdapat perbedaan asupan vitamin D antara anak stunting dan tidak stunting (p=0,615; OR=3,162).Simpulan: Terdapat perbedaan antara asupan kalsium dan fosfor pada anak stunting dan tidak stunting usia 12-24 bulan.
DAMPAK TRANSPORTASI BERBASIS APLIKASI TERHADAP PENYERAPAN TENAGA KERJA DI KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Rakhmatulloh Anita Ratnasari , Tyas Wido Prananing , Subianto Muhammad Hendardi 
Published: January 2019

Pesatnya perkembangan transportasi daring disebabkan oleh pelayanan transportasi publik yang belum mampu menjangkau seluruh wilayah di Kota Semarang. Selain itu, didukung dengan permintaan terhadap transportasi daring tinggi. Dalam beroperasi, transportasi daring ini membutuhkan operator sebagai pengemudi, kebutuhan pengemudi inilah yang memberikan peluang pekerjaan bagi masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis statistik deskriptif kuantitatif yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak dari kehadiran transportasi daring terhadap penyerapan tenaga kerja. Penyerapan tenaga kerja pada operator transportasi daring diharapkan dapat menyerap pengemudi ojek konvensional dan membuka lapangan kerja bagi yang belum mempunyai pekerjaan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dari total keseluruhan jumlah pengemudi transportasi daring dapat menyerap dan mempekerjakan sebesar 2% tenaga kerja yang sebelumnya tidak memiliki pekerjaan. Tenaga kerja yang terserap sebagian besar adalah penduduk yang telah memiliki pekerjaan kemudian beralih untuk menjadi pengemudi transportasi daring.
Calculus of variations: A differential form approach
Authors: Sil Swarnendu 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
We study integrals of the form

∫
Ω

f
⁢

(

d
⁢

ω
1

,
…
,

d
⁢

ω
m

)

{\int_{\Omega}f(d\omega_{1},\dots,d\omega_{m})}

, where

m
≥
1

{m\geq 1}

is a given integer,

1
≤

k
i

≤
n

{1\leq k_{i}\leq n}

are integers,

ω
i

{\omega_{i}}

is a

(

k
i

-
1

)

{(k_{i}-1)}

-form
for all

1
≤
i
≤
m

{1\leq i\leq m}

and

f
:

∏

i
=
1

m

Λ

k
i

⁢

(

ℝ
n

)

→
ℝ

{f:\prod_{i=1}^{m}\Lambda^{k_{i}}(\mathbb{R}^{n})\rightarrow\mathbb{R}}

is a continuous function. We introduce the appropriate notions of convexity, namely vectorial ext. one convexity, vectorial ext.
quasiconvexity and vectorial ext. polyconvexity. We prove weak lower semicontinuity theorems and weak continuity theorems and conclude with applications to minimization problems.
These results generalize the corresponding results in both classical vectorial calculus of variations and the calculus of variations for a single differential form.
Inhibitory activities of ethanolic extracts of two macrofungi against eggs and miracidia of Fasciola spp.
Authors: Nwofor Somtochukwu C. , Morenikeji Olajumoke A. , Morenike Adeoye-Isijola O. , Oyeyemi Oyetunde T. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractFascioliasis is a disease of livestock which is now recognized as an emerging disease in humans. Cantharellus cibarius and Ganoderma applanatum are known for their medicinal properties. The use of ethanolic extracts of these macrofungi against the eggs and miracidia of Fasciola spp. is a promising method to break the parasite transmission cycle. The aim of the study is to evaluate the inhibitory effects of ethanolic extracts of the mushrooms on eggs and miracidia of Fasciola spp. Concentrated eggs and miracidia of Fasciola spp. were exposed to different concentrations (1-8 mg/ml) of extracts of Ganoderma applanatum (GEE) and Cantharellus cibarius (CEE) at different time intervals. GEE showed superior antiparasitic activities when compared to CEE at all concentrations tested. Significant positive correlations were observed between the concentration of GEE and mortality in miracidia (r=0.980, P <0.05) and CEE and mortality in miracidia (r= 0.968, P <0.05). The study showed that ethanolic extracts of G. applanatum and C. cibarius have ovicidal and miracicidal activities. While G. applanatum showed excellent activities, activities in C. cibarius were moderate. Therefore, these mushroom extracts can be regarded as promising sources of bioactive compounds that could be developed into ovicides and miracicides.
Beyond Neoclassical Economics: The Impact of Religion on the Economic Disparity Between Georgia and Estonia
Authors: Mgaloblishvili Anastasia 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The aim of this article is to examine the impact religion has had on the post-Soviet economic development of Georgia and Estonia. The role of religion in economic development has been neglected in the field of social sciences, in which political and economic theories dominate. Considering the difference in the religiosity of the two countries—Georgia is one of the most religious countries in Europe while Estonia is the most atheist—religion will be incorporated as a factor that could have directly or indirectly impacted the post-Soviet development of the two countries. By studying the relationship of the church and the state in the two countries and the population’s economic attitudes that may have been influenced by their religiosity, this paper will conclude that religion can be considered a contributing factor in the economic divergence between Estonia and Georgia. The article’s overall findings will suggest that the practice of Eastern Orthodoxy in Georgia impedes the development of good governance and a free market economy, whereas the opposite holds for Protestantism or atheism in Estonia.
Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive features of Bryonia alba L.: As a possible alternative in treating rheumatism
Authors: Ilhan Mert , Dereli Fatma Tuğçe Gürağaç , Tümen Ibrahim , Akkol Esra Küpeli 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBryonia species have traditionally been used as a diuretic and laxative, to reduce edema and relieve joint pain. B. alba roots are used especially to treat rheumatic pain and applied to painful joints in Turkish folk medicine. B. alba roots were extracted with n-hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and methanol, successively. The carrageenan-induced hind paw edema model and the Whittle method were used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of the extracts in mice. The p-benzoquinone-induced abdominal constriction test and tail flick test were used to evaluate the antinociceptive activity of the extracts in mice. DPPH-radical-scavenging activity, ABTS radical–scavenging activity, total antioxidant activity, and hydroxyl radical– scavenging activity were assessed. Furthermore, the total phenolic and total flavonoid contents were calculated for all the extracts. The EtOAc extract prepared from B. alba roots had the most promising anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, and antioxidant activities. Moreover, it had high phenolic and flavonoid contents. Therefore, B. alba roots could be alternative treatment method for rheumatic disorders.
Olympic Gold
Authors: Rabinovich Daniel 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The International Chemistry Olympiad (IChO) is an annual worldwide competition for high school students in which their chemical knowledge and skills are tested through a series of theoretical and practical problems. The first IChO was held in Prague in 1968 with three teams of six students representing Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and Poland. Humble beginnings perhaps, but interest in the IChO rose quickly and, by 1980, a total of 52 competitors from 13 countries attended the 12th IChO, held for the first time outside Eastern Europe, in Linz, Austria. Participation expanded steadily in the ensuing years and 186 students from 47 countries were present at the 30th IChO in Melbourne, Australia, in 1998.
Measurement and Impact Factors of Speed of Reviews and Integration in Continuous Software Engineering
Authors: Staron Miroslaw , Meding Wilhelm , Söder Ola , Bäck Magnus 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Continuous integration and continuous software deployment depend on the mix of automated and manual activities. The automated build and test processes are often intertwined with manual reviews and bug-fixing activities. In this paper, we set o to study how these manual and automated activities influence the speed of reviews and integration. We conduct a case study of two companies developing embedded software, measure the time required for reviewing and integrating software code (alias speed), and conduct a workshop to identify factors which explain the quantitative results. Our results show that the measurement of speed is a good alias for calendar time and triggers improvements better than using measures for velocity. We have also found that the distribution of code repositories, frequent reminders and team proximity decrease the time needed to deploy the software. Our findings are that there is a difference in the structure of code repositories between the fast and slow integration cases, which contributes to the debate on the pros and cons of different repository structures in modern companies.
Comparative Analysis of Object-Oriented Software Maintainability Prediction Models
Authors: Zighed Narimane , Bounour Nora , Seriai Abdelhak-Djamel 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Software maintainability is one of the most important aspects when evaluating the quality of a software product. It is defined as the ease with which the existing software can be modified. In the literature, several researchers have proposed a large number of models to measure and predict maintainability throughout different phases of the Software Development Life Cycle. However, only a few attempts have been made for conducting a comparative study of the existent proposed prediction models. In this paper, we present a detailed classification and conduct a comparative analysis of Object-Oriented software maintainability prediction models. Furthermore, we considered the aforementioned proposed models from three perspectives, which are architecture, design and code levels. To the best of our knowledge, such an analysis that comprises the three levels has not been conducted in previous research. Moreover, this study hints at certain fundamental basics concerning the way of how measure the maintainability knowing that at each level the maintainability will be measured differently. In addition, we will focus on the strengths and weaknesses of these models. Consequently, the comparative study yields that several statistical and machine learning techniques have been employed for software maintainability prediction at code level during the last decade, and each technique possesses its specific characteristic to develop an accurate prediction model. At the design level, the majority of the prediction models measured maintainability according to the characteristics of the quality models. Whereas at the architectural level, the techniques adopted are still limited and only a few of studies have been conducted in this regard.
Changes in sorption and electrical properties of wood caused by fungal decay
Authors: Brischke Christian , Stricker Simon , Meyer-Veltrup Linda , Emmerich Lukas 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
As wet wood is prone to degradation by wood-destroying fungi, the monitoring of the moisture content (MC) of wood can be used to quantify the risk of fungal infestation. Fungal decay alters the sorption and electrical conductivity of wood, and thus the goal of the present study was to measure the electrical resistance (R) of wood after fungal decay as a function of MC. Scots pine sapwood (Pinus sylvestris L.) and European beech wood (Fagus sylvatica L.) were submitted to decay by Coniophora puteana (a brown rot fungus, BR) and Trametes versicolor (a white rot fungus, WR) and the mass loss (ML) due to the fungal metabolism was measured. The sorption isotherms were determined by dynamic vapor sorption (DVS), and comparative gravimetric- and R-based MC measurements were conducted. BR and WR reduced the sorption of wood and lowered its R in the hygroscopic range, where the decay led to an overestimation of wood MC, while wood MC was dramatically underestimated above fiber saturation (FS). Specimens showed an MC well above FS if measured directly after harvesting and an increased R compared to undecayed wood at a given MC. BR-decayed specimens were dried and rewetted, and such specimens showed an elevated R beyond FS. In the case of WR-decayed wood, the R was reduced at a given MC.
Monitoring of Chemical Changes in Red Lentil Seeds during The Germination Process
Authors: Szedljak Ildikó , Kovács Anikó , Kun-Farkas Gabriella , Bernhardt Botond , Králik Szabina , Szántai-Kőhegyi Katalin 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Red lentils are a very important raw material in the food industry due to their high protein content and high level of health-promoting components. The nutritive value of red lentils is the most important attribute from a research point of view; it can be increased by germination, soaking as well as physical and biochemical processes. The antinutritive materials are reduced or denatured by the germination process and indigestible components become available to the human body. Heat treatment was applied to achieve different temperatures and increase the microbiological stability of germinating samples. The effect of heat treatment on the amounts of certain components and the activity of oxidative enzymes was tested during our experiments; the nutritional characteristics (water-soluble total polyphenol content (WSTPC), water-soluble protein content (WSPC), water-soluble antioxidant capacity, in addition to peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase enzyme activities) of different treatments in red lentil samples were monitored. The WSTPC in our samples ranged from 0.726 mg Gallic Acid Equivalent GAE/g DW (DW being dry weight) to 1.089 mg GAE/g DW, and the WSPC varied from 19.078 g / 100g DW to 29.692 g / 100 g DW. Results showed that germination led to an increase in the WSTPC and WSPC. The peroxidase enzyme activity also exhibited an increase during germination which could result in deepening of the colour of the finished products. Germination resulted in the water-soluble antioxidant capacity of red lentil samples decreasing.
Recovery of Itaconic Acid by Electrodialysis
Authors: Varga Veronika , Bélafi-Bakó Katalin , Vozik Dávid , Nemestóthy Nándor 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Itaconic acid is an organic acid produced mainly for non-food purposes. It can be manufactured by biotechnological synthesis using various strains which results in the salt form of the acid. In this work, the separation of sodium itaconate by electrodialysis was studied. Homopolar cation- and anion-selective membranes were applied and the module was operated under a constant voltage. The transport of the acid was followed by on-line ultraviolet and visible absorption spectroscopy, where the detector was installed in the system. The experiments with models of aqueous solutions confirmed that the technique is suitable for the effective recovery of itaconic acid.