bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combining Liposomal Photocatalysts with Whole‐Cell Catalysts for One‐pot Photobiocatalysis
Authors: Zhang Jiaheng , Batista Vasco F. , Hübner René , Vogel Stefan , Wu Changzhu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCooperative photobiocatalytic processes have seen extensive potentials for the synthesis of both bulk and fine chemicals owing to their versatility, eco‐friendliness, and cost‐effectiveness. Nevertheless, developing a universal and effective synthetic strategy compatible with both catalytic systems remains challenging. In this study, we explored cationic liposomes as biocompatible photocatalyst encapsulation systems and combined them with bacteria overexpressing enzymes for two‐step and three‐step cascade reactions. Specifically, the water‐soluble photocatalyst anthraquinone‐2‐sulfonate (AQS), which can oxidize benzyl alcohol, is encapsulated within the core of cationic liposomes composed of dioleoyl‐3‐trimethylammonium propane (DOTAP) and the helper lipid cholesterol. The positive charge on the liposome surface enabled electrostatic interactions with the negative charges on the membrane of Escherichia coli cells. Bacterial cells overexpressing various enzymes, such as Candida antarctica lipase B (CalB) and benzaldehyde lyase (BAL), and coated with liposomes enabled the production of added value compounds through cascade reactions with excellent production. These cascades involve CalB‐catalyzed hydrolysis, BAL‐catalyzed condensation, and AQS‐driven photo‐oxidation reactions. Therefore, the strategy offers more possibilities of combining photocatalysis with biocatalysis for recoverability, enhanced mass transfer, and enhanced compatibility in both industrial biotechnology and synthetic chemistry.
Defect Engineering Enhancing Piezoelectric Catalytic Activity of Covalent Organic Framework Matrix Composites for Uranium Removal
Authors: Qi Jia‐Xin , Gong Jing‐Wen , Peng Zhi‐Hai , Zhang Cheng‐Rong , Liu Jin‐Lan , Cai Yuan‐Jun , Chen Xiao‐Juan , Wang Xiao‐Xing , Liang Ru‐Ping , Qiu Jian‐Ding 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPiezoelectric catalysis is an emerging green strategy, but the existing piezoelectric heterostructures are not sufficient in performance for catalytic reduction of low‐reduction potential uranium under harsh conditions. This study innovatively employs a defect heterogeneous engineering strategy, wherein covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are grown in situ on the surface of zinc oxide (ZnO) via Schiff base reactions, and defects are introduced into the COF shell layer via imine exchange reactions to construct D‐COF@ZnO for piezoelectric catalytic uranium removal. The comprehensive study shows that defect heterogeneous engineering increases the asymmetry induced polarization of the material to promote charge redistribution, and thus significantly improves the activity of piezoelectric catalysis. In addition, defect engineering optimizes the nanosize of D‐COF@ZnO to expose a richer array of active sites, resulting in ultra‐fast U(VI) removal kinetics and ultra‐high removal capacity. In the actual nuclear wastewater settings, D‐COF@ZnO demonstrates outstanding selective removal efficacy for uranium, manifesting its considerable application potential and efficiency superiority. This strategy holds profound implications for facilitating the application of piezoelectric catalytic technology in environmental protection domains such as uranium removal, manifesting its considerable potential and value.
Differential use of tidal delta, shoreline, and neritic habitats by natural- and hatchery-origin juvenile Chinook Salmon
Authors: Beamer Eric M. , Rice Casimir A. , Chamberlin Joshua , Henderson Rich A. , Lomax Daniel P. , Greene Correigh M. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective
Conservation and recovery efforts for depressed populations of wild Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha are improved by detailed classifications of basic natural history traits for juveniles across habitats. The Skagit River system in northern Puget Sound provides a unique opportunity to study the estuarine ecology of Chinook Salmon since it is home to the healthiest remaining natural-origin Puget Sound Chinook Salmon spawning populations, and despite major anthropogenic habitat changes, the system still has extensive areas of estuarine habitat.

Methods
We evaluated density and length of juvenile natural- and hatchery-origin Chinook Salmon across tidal delta, shallow intertidal, intertidal–subtidal, and neritic habitats in the Skagit River estuary from February to November 2002.

Result
Juvenile Chinook Salmon were captured in all habitats and months sampled, and clear seasonal transitions through habitats were observed, as were habitat and seasonal differences in fish density, length, and relative abundance of hatchery-origin versus natural-origin fish. Natural-origin fish showed a protracted seasonal distribution across all habitats, and the relative abundance of hatchery-origin fish was lowest in the tidal delta and highest in the neritic zone. Mean fork length increased as fish moved downstream and offshore, and hatchery-origin fish were consistently larger than natural-origin fish in all habitats and months. Hatchery-origin fish from multiple source populations were recovered in Skagit Bay, but only individuals from the Skagit River were captured in tidal delta and shallow intertidal habitats, and the likelihood of capture in Skagit Bay was inversely related to the distance from the basin of origin.

Conclusion
These results confirm that an extensive and diverse range of estuarine habitats is used by juvenile Chinook Salmon through much of the year. Contrasts between hatchery- and natural-origin fish suggest that estuaries—especially shallow fringing habitats in the tidal delta and along marine shorelines—are differentially important for natural-origin fish and that the potential for interactions between hatchery- and natural-origin fish differs depending on the habitat and time of year.
Seasonal variability in condition and spatial distribution of Chinook Salmon: Implications for ecosystem-based management
Authors: Freshwater Cameron , King Jackie 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective
Although many Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha populations overlap in nearshore areas prior to spawning migrations, it is unclear how life history diversity influences physical condition and habitat use. Here, we explored multiple dimensions of Chinook Salmon marine ecology. First, does condition differ between immature and mature fish, among stocks, and between wild and hatchery individuals? Second, is abundance correlated with abiotic variables? Third, does habitat use consistently covary with life history stage, stock, and wild versus hatchery rearing history?

Methods
We collected data on Chinook Salmon stock identity, condition, and abundance using a fisheries-independent troll survey along the west coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia. We then fitted generalized additive models and geostatistical generalized linear models to quantify variability in condition, abundance, and spatial distribution.

Result
Fork length and lipid content varied seasonally, with maturation stage, and among stocks but did not differ with rearing history. Although immature fish were initially less lipid rich than mature fish, the lipid content of immature individuals ultimately exceeded that of mature individuals. Chinook Salmon abundance covaried with bottom depth, slope, and sampling date, while diel and tidal effects were weak. Abundance varied among ecological groups by up to an order of magnitude. Chinook Salmon habitat use differed among size-classes and stocks but did not differ with rearing history. The spatial distributions of each size-class changed over summer, consistent with ontogenetic dispersal and variation in the migration timing of spawners.

Conclusion
Seasonal changes in Chinook Salmon condition suggested that immature individuals transition from growth to lipid storage, emphasizing that prey availability may impact overwinter survival. Stock-specific patterns in size, lipid content, and abundance highlighted ecological diversity during marine residence. Although distributions varied seasonally, abundance was greatest in high-relief areas. Finally, our estimated spatial distributions suggest that responses to environmental conditions vary with ontogeny and among populations but not with rearing history.
Critical learner autonomy in the digital language learning context
Authors: Chen Li‐Mei , Liu Chunlei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe conventional perspective of learner autonomy aims to cultivate second and foreign language (L2) learners with self‐regulated learning strategies they can use to achieve native‐like communicative competence. While the perspective can equip L2 learners with certain linguistic coding and decoding skills to take charge of their own learning, it ignores “language as a mode of social action” (Keneman, 2016, p. 87). This article argues to expand the narrow, conventional view of learner autonomy to a broader, critical version, which aims to empower L2 learners to be self‐reliant in using the target language as a constructive tool to impact their society instead of simply acquiring native‐like pronunciation and superficial understanding of the target culture. Finally, the article includes pedagogical suggestions for how to promote critical learner autonomy step by step via various digital technologies in the L2 writing classroom. Even though the activities and suggestions seem to fit in the college context, with some adaption these practices can be applied to non‐tertiary contexts as students in the 21st century are increasingly tech‐literate.
Efficacy of Plant Extract‐Based Solutions Compared to Chlorhexidine and Miconazole Shampoo for the Treatment of Superficial Pyoderma in Dogs
Authors: Sheinberg Waisburd Galia , Romero Núñez Camilo , Martin Cordero Alberto , Heredia Cárdenas Rafael , Flores Ortega Ariadna 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundCanine superficial pyoderma (CSP) is common. Antibiotic and potential antiseptic resistance is a rising concern; natural topicals may provide valuable alternative options.ObjectivesCompare natural topicals containing essential oils, plant‐extracted essential fatty acids and N‐acetylcysteine to a medicated shampoo with chlorhexidine, miconazole and micronized silver in treating CSP.AnimalsThirty dogs diagnosed with CSP, divided into three groups as outlined below.MaterialsGroup 1 bathed using a shampoo (PYOclean Shampoo) twice weekly and application of a rinse‐free mousse (PYOclean Mousse) once daily, Group 2 bathed using the same shampoo as above twice weekly and application of a spray (PYOclean Spray) once daily, and Group 3 bathed using a medicated shampoo (Biohex Shampoo) twice weekly.MethodsCytology, lesion and pruritus visual analogue (PVAS) scores were evaluated on Days (D) 0, 7 and 15.ResultsAll three groups showed decreased polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) on D15. The reduction was significant, and more significant in Groups 1 and 2 (90.48% and 98.93%) compared to Group 3 (85.96%); extracellular cocci (cocci EC) significantly decreased by 92.8% and 93.38% in Groups 1 and 2, whereas decreased by 81% in Group 3 on D15. The number of yeasts on D15 decreased by 90% in Group 3 and 82% and 92%, respectively, in Groups 1 and 2. Lesion scores decreased on D15 by 90.61% and 87.95% in Groups 1 and 2 and by 62.94% in Group 3. PVAS decreased on D15 by 95.78% and 96.75%, respectively, in Groups 1 and 2 and by 69.88% in Group 3.Conclusion and clinical importanceEfficacy of three natural topicals in treating dogs with superficial pyoderma without adding any systemic antimicrobial drugs was demonstrated. Such solutions can be complementary to medications such as chlorhexidine and miconazole in addressing CSP.
Cerebral Hydatidosis in a Lamb
Authors: Abbasi Javad , Shokrpoor Sara , Abdollahi Mostafa , Ziafati Kafi Zahra , Anoushepour Amin , Dehghan Rahimabadi Peyman , Ashrafi Tamai Iraj 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTA 6‐month‐old Afshari male lamb was examined on a semi‐intensive farm due to anorexia and neurologic signs, including head tilt, circling, bilateral positive menace response and stupor. The sheep was slaughtered and necropsied. After routine parasitology and histopathology procedures, the occurrence of cerebral hydatidosis was confirmed. This study represents the first report of cerebral hydatidosis in sheep and suggests that cerebral hydatid cysts should be considered possible etiological agents for neurological syndromes in sheep. The studied hydatid cyst was sequenced for the COX1 partial gene and submitted as a new strain to the NCBI GenBank with the accession number OR984434.1 and name Jabbasi1. The sequence of this isolate was also compared with other sequences in GenBank using a phylogenetic tree. On the basis of phylogenetic analysis, our strain was classified as a G1 strain and showed high homology to other G1 strains reported from Iran, Iraq and so forth.
First case of mucormycosis (Rhizopus nigricans) in a cat
Authors: Marinelly Riata , Matiasek Kaspar , Groth Anna , Greijdanus‐van der Putten S. , Rosati Marco , Tintelnot Kathrin , Cappello Rodolfo 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRhizopus nigricans is a species of fungus responsible for opportunistic mucormycotic infections in immunosuppressed subjects. Sparse reports of mucormycosis exist in veterinary literature; however, central nervous system involvement, resulting from R. nigricans infection has not been discussed. This report describes an 8‐year‐old, male, neutered Ragdoll with fungal meningoencephalitis secondary to intracranial colonisation of R. nigricans. Clinical signs were indicative of multifocal disease affecting the forebrain/cerebellum, and were characterised by abnormal mentation, compulsive circling, menace deficits and hypermetria. Fungal encephalitis was suspected based on magnetic resonance imaging findings and brain histology, with the diagnosis reached following postmortem examination, subsequent culture and polymerase chain reaction sequencing. This is the first report of cerebral mucormycosis in a feline patient that discusses the clinical, diagnostic and histopathological test findings.
Stability scrutinization of a non‐Newtonian (Williamson) ternary hybrid nanofluid past a stretching/shrinking sheet
Authors: Jamrus Farah Nadzirah , Ishak Anuar , Waini Iskandar , Khan Umair , Hussain Syed Modassir , Madhukesh J. K. , Abed Ahmed M. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe thermal superiority of ternary hybrid nanofluids (THNFs) over conventional heat transfer fluid has led to growing interest in their applications. This new type of nanofluid can be customized for cooling systems, heat exchangers, and electronic cooling by carefully selecting nanoparticle types and their volume fraction. Hence, this study seeks to investigate the Heimenz flow in a Williamson THNF over a sheet that stretches or shrinks. The fundamental objective is to assess the effect of the stretching/shrinking parameter, the Weissenberg number, and the nanoparticle volume fraction on the physical quantities and flow profiles. Besides, attention is also given to the occurrences of multiple solutions in this fluid flow situation. By employing a similarity transformation, the governing equations are modified as a simpler form of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Next, the numerical method is put to use to solve the resulting ODEs system, specifically the bvp4c solver in MATLAB. Significant changes in heat transmission occur due to variations in the Weissenberg number and volume fractions of nanoparticles, particularly when the sheet starts to shrink. The escalating Weissenberg number correlates with growing critical values of the stretching/shrinking parameter, suggesting that both parameters help to hold off the detachment of the boundary layer. These findings emphasize the capacity of THNFs to improve heat transfer performance in numerous applications. This study also reveals that while stretching sheets often have unique solutions, a shrinking sheet has multiple solutions when the shrinking parameter falls within a certain range. By scrutinizing the robustness of these solutions, it was concluded that only one of them maintains stability over an extended period. It is essential to highlight that these present discoveries apply exclusively to the mixture of copper, alumina, and titania. Various mixtures of nanoparticles can demonstrate distinct characteristics of THNFs concerning both flow dynamics and thermal transfer.
Symbolic representations of infinity: the impact of notation and numerical syntax
Authors: Feder Ami , Graithzer Yair , Pinhas Michal 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPast research indicates that concepts of infinity are not fully understood. In countably infinite sets, infinity is presumed to be perceived as larger than any finite natural number. This study explored whether symbolic representations of infinity are processed as such through contrasts with Arabic and verbal written numbers. Comparisons between the infinity word and number words were responded to faster than comparisons of two number words, but not when the infinity symbol was solely compared to Arabic numbers. Moreover, infinity comparisons yielded distance-like effects, suggesting that infinity (both word and symbol) can be misconceived as a “natural number” closer to larger numbers than small ones. These findings demonstrate difficulty perceiving the physically smallest stimulus (∞) as the upper end-value and seem to reflect a limited understanding of symbolic forms of infinity among adults. They further highlight the impact of notation and numerical syntax on how we process symbolic numerical information.
Efficient Removal of Cr (VI) and As (V) from Aqueous Solution Using Magnetically Separable Nickel Ferrite Nanoparticles
Authors: Hassan Ahmed Anwar , Fahim Yosri A. , Ali Mohamed Eid M. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
A promising nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) NPs with excellent magnetic characteristics was synthesized using an aqueous-based reflux approach that eliminates the need for calcination temperature. The magnetic nanoparticles obtained were analysed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The analysis showed that synthesized nickel ferrite had a spherical shape with an average size ranging from 18 to 29 nm. The synthesized nickel ferrite is utilized for the removal of hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) and pentavalent arsenic (As (V)) ions from aqueous solution through adsorption method. The removal of Cr (VI) ions achieved a maximum efficiency of 65% after 120 minutes at a pH of 5, with a ferrite dose of 2 g/L and a concentration of Cr (VI) ions of 25 mg/L. while the removal of As (V) at a pH of 5, with a dose of 1 g/L of ferrite and an initial concentration of 25 mg/L of As (V) ions was 77% after 120 minutes. In addition, the data obtained from the isotherms of Langmuir (R2 = 0.99, 0.98), Freundlich (R2 = 0.86, 0.97) and Temkin (R2 = 0.83, 0.97). The adsorption of Cr (VI) ions is governed by a pseudo first-order kinetics process, whereas the adsorption of As (V) ions is governed by a pseudo second-order kinetics reaction. After five adsorption–desorption cycles at the same optimal operating condition, Cr (VI) and As (V) removal efficiency dropped from 65%, 77% to 25%, 30%, respectively.
Partially inverted and degloved penile skin mimicking the appearance of female genitalia in cases of deaths caused by trains
Authors: Zarattin Margaux , Braham Mohamed Yassine , Gassend Jean-Loup 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDeath by collision with an incoming train is common in countries where a railroad network exists. In such cases, when there is severe pelvic trauma, the penis may be partially degloved and turned inside out. The inverted penile skin may then resemble a vulva and the scrotum may mimic labia majora, causing the injured male genitalia to strongly resemble female genitalia. Forensic pathologists should be aware of this possibility when they are called to such a scene of death and are asked by the police to immediately determine the sex of the victim. In the challenging circumstances of a chaotic on-site railway death investigation, an inexperienced doctor might easily mistake male genitals for female genitals and thus delay correct identification of the victim by the police.
A randomized controlled trial on single-session mindfulness self-compassion interventions for Fibromyalgia Syndrome: evaluating interoceptive awareness, anxiety, and pain
Authors: Arey Dalit Lev , Gerbi Agam , Sagi Adi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Objectives: This randomized controlled trial evaluates a single-session Mindfulness Self-Compassion (MSC) intervention for enhancing interoceptive awareness (AI) and alleviating anxiety and reducing pain in Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS) patients. The study also examines the intervention’s feasibility and the mediating role of IA in improving clinical outcomes, incorporating nature visuals to address treatment accessibility and adherence. Methods/analysis: Sixty-four FMS patients were randomized into three groups: MSC with audio-only, MSC with audio and nature visuals, or a waitlist control. Validated scales measured interoceptive awareness, anxiety, and pain pre- and post-intervention. ANOVA examined primary outcomes, and mediation analysis explored interoceptive awareness as a mediator. A 7-minute intervention duration was chosen for its balance of effectiveness and feasibility, with nature visuals selected for their calming effects. Findings: Both MSC groups showed significant improvements in IA, anxiety, and pain compared to the control group, with the audio-visual group showing the strongest effects. Enhanced interoceptive awareness significantly mediated anxiety reduction but not pain relief. Nature visuals further reduced anxiety and pain compared to audio-only. Novelty/improvement: This study validates the efficacy of a single-session MSC intervention for FMS, highlighting IA as a crucial mediator of anxiety improvement. Incorporating sensory-rich visual elements enhances therapeutic effects, offering a promising approach for MSC interventions in clinical settings. Future research should explore long-term benefits and optimal dosage of this innovative intervention, addressing the need for accessible, cost-effective FMS treatments.
Histaminergic Innervation of the Ventral Anterior Thalamic Nucleus Alleviates Motor Deficits in a 6-OHDA-Induced Rat Model of Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Xu Han-Ting , Xi Xiao-Ya , Zhou Shuang , Xie Yun-Yong , Cui Zhi-San , Zhang Bei-Bei , Xie Shu-Tao , Li Hong-Zhao , Zhang Qi-Peng , Pan Yang , Zhang Xiao-Yang , Zhu Jing-Ning 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe ventral anterior (VA) nucleus of the thalamus is a major target of the basal ganglia and is closely associated with the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Notably, the VA receives direct innervation from the hypothalamic histaminergic system. However, its role in PD remains unknown. Here, we assessed the contribution of histamine to VA neuronal activity and PD motor deficits. Functional magnetic resonance imaging showed reduced VA activity in PD patients. Optogenetic activation of VA neurons or histaminergic afferents significantly alleviated motor deficits in 6-OHDA-induced PD rats. Furthermore, histamine excited VA neurons via H1 and H2 receptors and their coupled hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channels, inward-rectifier K+ channels, or Ca2+-activated K+ channels. These results demonstrate that histaminergic afferents actively compensate for Parkinsonian motor deficits by biasing VA activity. These findings suggest that targeting VA histamine receptors and downstream ion channels may be a potential therapeutic strategy for PD motor dysfunction.