bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A prospective study of efficacy of ultrasound guided transversus abdominis plane block for postcesarean analgesia
Authors: Manam Sravani , Swetha R. N. V. , Rao A. S. Kameswara , Murthy S. G. K. 
Published: April 2019

Background: The ultrasound guided transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block which provides effective analgesia after lower abdominal surgeries including caesarean section. It is a simple and reliable technique. In this prospective, randomized double-blind study, we determined the efficacy of TAP block using 0.25% Bupivacaine and 0.9N Saline with respect to VAS for pain, postoperative Tramadol consumption and post-operative ondansetron usage.Methods: This study was conducted on 100 adult patients of ASA physical status I and II in the age group of 18 to 40 years undergoing elective lower segment cesarean section under spinal anaesthesia. Study group received TAP block with 0.25% Bupivacaine and control group received 10 ml of 0.9N saline on each side. Patients were analyzed for postoperative pain by pain score (at rest, on movement, on cough) using VAS was recorded at 0, ½, 1, 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24 hours postoperatively. Need for rescue analgesia was assessed by time to first dose of Tramadol requirement and total dose of Tramadol over 24 hours of postoperative period. Ondansetron (4 mg i.v.) was administered whenever nausea score was more than 2 or the patient vomited. All the data was noted using uniform performs.Results: Patients received TAP block with 0.25% Bupivacaine had better pain scores at first hour of postoperative period during rest, cough and movement which was statistically significant (p<0.0010) in comparison to group B. There was a statistically significant difference (p <0.001) in the requirement of total dose of Tramadol as a rescue analgesia in patients who received transversus abdominis block with 0.25% Bupivacaine (138.77 mg) in comparison with other group(240 mg).The mean time to first request for Tramadol was significantly longer in group A (5.8 hrs) in comparison to group B (1.93 hrs) with p value <0.001. Patients received TAP block with 0.9N saline needed more dose of Ondansetron, however, the difference was not statistically significant (p >0.001).Conclusions: TAP block using ultrasound provides substantial reduction in Tramadol consumption, time to first dose of rescue tramadol when compared with control group. This study reinforces the recommendation for TAP as a part of multimodal post-operative analgesic regimen.
Laparoscopic versus open complete mesocolic excision with central vascular ligation in right colon cancer
Authors: El-Fol Hossam Abdelkader , Ammar Mohamed Sabry , Abdelaziz Tamer Fakhry , Elbalshy Mohammed A. , Elabassy Mahmoud M. 
Published: April 2019

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare between laparoscopic and open complete mesocolic excision (CME) with central vascular ligation (CVL) in right colon cancer.Methods: From January 2016 to December 2018, a prospective cohort study of 60 patients who diagnosed as operable right sided colon cancer was performed. The patients were classified into laparoscopic CME with CVL and open CME with CVL groups. Demographic variables, comorbidities, tumor location, intraoperative parameters, duration of hospital study, histopathological findings, postoperative complications and follow up data were compared between the two groups. Demographic variables included age and sex distribution. Intraoperative parameters included incision length, operative time and operative blood loss.Results: 60 patients were selected in this study. Both groups were the same in the age and sex distribution, potential comorbidities and tumor location. Patients in the Laparoscopic CME with CVL group had shorter incision lengths, longer operative times, less operative blood loss, shorter hospital stay, less number of retrieved lymph nodes , the same TNM (tumor nodes metastasis) classifications, similar histopathological findings and comparable incidence of postoperative complications.Conclusions: Laparoscopic CME with CVL procedure is a safe, valid and feasible surgical method for right colon cancers.
Resorción Condilar Idiopática después de Cirugía Ortognática Bimaxilar
Authors: Olalla López Evelyn , Unda Jaramillo Patricio 
Published: April 2019

La Resorción Condilar Idiopática (RCI) es una alteración de la Articulación Temporo Mandibular que ocasiona la resorción lenta y progresiva del cóndilo mandibular sin una casusa aparente. Se observa sobre todo después de tratamiento ortodontico o cirugía ortognática. Clínicamente la resorción condilar idiopática se manifiesta con un desarrollo progresivo de una mordida abierta anterior, una rotación posterior de la mandíbula con una relación Clase II molar y canina, retrognatia y dolor o disfunción de la ATM. El tratamiento para esta alteración puede ser no invasiva como: ortodoncia, férulas oclusales y analgésicos; o quirúrgico como: cirugía ortognática con o sin reconstrucción condilar con injerto costo-condral o aloplástico total una vez que la actividad condilar haya cesado. Se presenta el caso clínico de una paciente femenina de 24 años con diagnóstico de resorción condilar idiopática. Clínicamente presentaba mordida abierta, laterognasia y refiere dolor ATM y cirugía ortognática bimaxilar previa hace dos años. Se realizaron exámenes complementarios y se concluyó que la resorción condilar había cesado, por lo que la paciente fue sometida a ortodoncia para cirugía ortognática unimaxilar (Osteotomía Intraoral Vertical de Rama).
TÜRKİYE’DE ÇERKES DİASPORASI: KİMLİK İNŞASI VE REFERANSLARI
Authors: OKÇUOĞLU Bahar Ayça 
Published: April 2019

Diasporalar
kültürel öğeleri, dernekleri, aktiviteleri, politik alandaki etkileri ve
gelecekteki rolleri açısından, bulundukları ülkeler için önem arz etmektedir.
Türkiye’deki Çerkes diasporası da, aynı zamanda Çerkeslerin en büyük diasporik
nüfus olduğu ülke olması bakımından, çeşitli özellikleri ele alınarak
incelenmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’deki diasporaların kimlik oluşum,
dönüşüm ve değişim süreçlerine bir örnek olarak Çerkes diasporası incelenmiştir.
Türkiye’deki Çerkeslerin varlığı, kurulan dernekler ve kapsamları, verilen
referansların bağlamlarını kaybetmemeleri açısından ele alınmıştır. Çerkeslerin
kendilerini ifade ediş süreçlerinde Kürt halkına ne tür referanslar verdiği, bu
referansların diasporik bir topluluğun kendini tanımlaması açısından ne anlam ifade
ettiği analiz edilmiştir. Bu analizler, Türkiye’nin çeşitli illerinde yapılan
görüşmelerden elde edilmiş ve iki ana başlıkta incelenerek örnekler verilmiştir:
“farklılıklar” ve “benzerlikler”. Böylece, Türkiye’de bir diaspora halkının varlığını
ifade ediş biçimlerindeki farklılıklara bir örnek oluşturulmuştur.
Pluralitas Agama Menurut Tokoh-Tokoh Agama Dayak
Authors: Hamid Abdul 
Published: April 2019

Religious plurality is condition that no rejected by human. One thing that need is haow respond plurality that. So far recorded attitude that used by adherents religion in respond other religions in between exclusivism, inclusivism, and plurality. Exclusivism that known which claim absolute truth looked at no corresponding by current condition, thereby also which inclusivism that although no claim ownership absolute but tend see other religions as shadows from one religion, based weakness that owned by two attitude. Mode plurality appear as attitude that looked at corresponding for respond religious plurality. Like that there in village Kapul districts Halong regency Balangan. In this village there various kind of religion like religion of Islam, Kreisten Katolik, Hindu, Budha, and local religion.This research aim for known religion pluraly according to view religion figures Dayak in village Kapul districs Halong regency Balangan. This research is research qualitative by approach sociology use theory charismatic Max Weber. As for method this research is methd observation, directly plunge to field in Village Kapul districs Halong regency Balangan, interview, and documentation.This reaserch concluded that influence charismatic religions figures in Dayak religion when lead ritual event or in life daily has give harmonios life for people Dayak in districs Halong regency Balangan. So religion plurality in this village no make adherents religion Dayak other religion as people that intolerance.
Pendidikan Kejiwaan Dr.Abdullah Nashih ‘Ulwan: Konsep Dan Implementasinya
Authors: Hani Umi 
Published: April 2019

Psychological education is the process of educating children from an early age to be brave and frank, not afraid, independent, like to help others, controlling emotions, and adorn themselves with all of self-glory even psychologically and morally in absolute terms. In the concept of psychological education of Dr Abdullah Nashih 'Ulwan in “Tarbiyatul Aulad Fi Al-Islam”, explained there are four factors of the problem in children that must be prevented and treated by educators. The four factors are feeling inferior, fainthearted, unconfidence, and envy. PM Asy-Syifa perform psychiatric development based on the concept of Nashih Ulwan but not directly, but integrated into daily activities and other routines.
FUÂDÌ VE RİSÂLE-İ ŞEVKİYYE FÎ DEVERÂN-I SÛFÎYYE’Sİ
Authors: ZAVOTÇU Gencay , YORGANCI Duygupınarı 
Published: April 2019

Şa‘bâniyye
Tarîkatinin beşinci (bazı araştırmacılara göre altıncı) şeyhi olan Ömer Fuâdî
Efendi söylem, eylem ve eserleriyle Türk tasavvuf tarihinde iz bırakmış bir
şahsiyettir. Şeyhinin vaziyeti üzerine tarîkatin kurucusu Şeyh Şa‘bân-ı
Velí’nin kabrine yaptırdığı türbe, bu türbenin yapılış öyküsünü anlatan
Türbe-nâme ve tarîkat şeylerinin menkabelerinden oluşan menâkıbnâme onun öne
çıkan eserleridir. Farklı boyutlarda yirmiyi aşkın eser ve risâle sâhibi olan
Ömer Fuâdî Efendi’nin dinî-tasavvufî karakterli Risâle-i Şevkiyye fî Devrân-ı Sûfiyye”si onun açıklama (şerh) alanındaki bilgi ve
yeteneğini ortaya koyan bir eserdir. Yazarın deyimiyle Şeyhülislâm Alî Çelebi,
meşhûr adıyla Zenbilli Ali Efendi’ye ait olan, başka araştırmacıların ise ona
ait olmadığı yolunda görüş bildirdiği “Risâle-i Şevkiyye fî Deverân-ı Sûfiyye” Fu’âdî’nin Arapça bilgisi ile dinî-tasavvufî
yetkinliğinin belgesi olması bakımından da dikkate değer bir eserdir.
Kur’ân’dan muhtelif âyetlerle farklı konularda
hadîslere de yer verilen eser, sûfîlerin âyinlerde icra ettikleri devr
ve rakslarının muhtevâ ve manalarını irdeleleyip açıklaması yönüyle eğitici ve
bilgilendirici bir eser hüviyetindedir. Bu yazıda Ömer Fuâdî’nin “Risâle-i
Şevkiyye fî Deverân-ı Sûfiyye” adlı
eseri incelenecektir.
PENGARUH PENDEKATAN KETERAMPILAN PROSES DAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM (IPA) TERPADU
Authors: Arif Khairan Muhammad 
Published: April 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengaruh dari variable-variabel bebas, yaitu keterampilan Proses dan tingkat motivasi belajar (motivasi tinggi dan motivasi rendah) terhadap variable terikat yaitu hasil Belajar IPA Terpadu. Disamping itu, ingin diketahui ada tidaknya interaksi antara kedua variable tersebut terhadap hasil belajar IPA Terpadu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan populasi adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 2 Tegalwaru Purwakarta. Sampel diambil dengan simple randon sampling berdasarkan factorial group desain. Sehingga siswa terpilih 76 siswa. Untuk pengujian hipotesis digunakan teknik Analisis Varians 2 jalur (Anava 2 x 2) dengan taraf signifikansi Î±=0,05 dengan terlebih dahulu uji normalitas dengan liliefors dan homogenitas data dengan levene. Hasil pengujian statistic menunjukan bahwa data ketiga variable normal dan homogen. Hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa belajar melalui pendekatan pembelajaran keterampilan proses, lebih tinggi daripada siswa yang dibelajarkan dengan tidak melalui pendekatan keterampilan proses, dan hasil belajar IPA terpadu kelompok siswa yang memiliki motivasi tinggi lebih tinggi dibanding siswa yang memiliki motivasi rendah, juga terdapat interaksi yang nyata antara pendekatan keterampilan proses dengan motivasi terhadap hasil belajar IPA terpadu, kemudian bagi siswa yang mempunyai motivasi rendah harus dilaksanakan pembelajaran dengan pendekatan keterampilan proses.
IMPLEMENTASI TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT (TQM) DI PENDIDIKAN DASAR
Authors: Marmoah Sri - 
Published: April 2019

Total Quality Management merupakan cara prosedural yang digunakan dalam peningkatan mutu pendidikan di sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi Total Quality Management di pendidikan dasar. Penelitian ini dilakukan di lima gugus Kecamatan Girimarto pada tahun 2018. Sampel penelitiannya sebanyak lima sekolah dasar yang terbagi dalam lima gugus. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik non tes yaitu menggunakan angket atau kuesionar untuk mengetahui kriteria keberhasilan penerapan TQM dalam pendidikan pada kepala sekolah dan guru. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hasil yang telah maksimal. Rata-rata perolehan perhitungan angket pada kepala sekolah sebesar 97,00 dengan kategori sangat baik, sedangkan perhitungan angket pada guru sebesar 94,00 dengan kategori sangat baik. Rata-rata secara keseluruhan yang diperoleh sebesar 95,50 dengan kategori sangat baik. Jika dilihat dari rata-rata keseluruhan yang diperoleh, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan TQM dalam pendidikan di Kecamatan Girimarto adalah pada kriteria sangat baik. Dengan demikian, pihak sekolah beserta aparatur pemerintah lebih memahami kebutuhan primer dalam pelaksanaan manajemen mutu pendidikan, terutama agar sekolah menghasilkan output yang berkualitas.
Anti-α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor GluR2 encephalitis in a myasthenia gravis patient with complete thymectomy: a case report
Authors: Luo Qingyang , Wu Xianghong , huang wen 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Background
Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is a newly recognized autoimmune disorders in which the targets are proteins or receptors involved in synaptic transmission and neuronal excitability. α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) is a subtype of glutamate receptor that mediates most of the fast excitatory neurotransmission in the brain.
Case presentation
A 50-year-old woman presented with subacute onset of memory loss and behavioral changes. High levels of serum (1:1000) and CSF (1:32) antibodies against the AMPAR GluR2 were detected. A wide range of abnormalities in 6-8 Hz low to middle slow waves was found by electroencephalographs, and high-intensity signals on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery in both the medial temporal lobe and hippocampus were identified on brain magnetic resonance images. This patient presented with myasthenia gravis and type B2 thymoma (World Health Organization Thymoma Classification) at age 48. This case was unique in that the patient initiated with the symptom of myasthenia gravis and thymoma two years prior to encephalitis, and a complete thymectomy was performed before AE onset without recurrence of the thymoma when encephalitis occurred.
Conclusions
Thymoma was reported to be associated with paraneoplastic neurological disease. This is the first time a thymectomy has been applied in a myasthenia gravis patient with thymoma two years prior to the onset of anti-AMPAR2 encephalitis. This case highlights the complexity of autoimmune encephalitis associated with thymoma.
Midmorning Point Sampling May Not Accurately Represent Nitrous Oxide Emissions Following Fertilizer Applications
Authors: Thies Samuel , Bruggeman Stephanie , Clay Sharon A. , Mishra Umakant , Hatfield Gary , Kumar Sandeep , Clay David E. 
Published: April 2019

Core Ideas
Midmorning N2O flux estimates were not consistent with near‐continual data for spring and fall applied urea.
Local N2O sampling protocols must account for temporal changes in management and climatic conditions.
Non‐alignment in soil temperature and N2O patterns in annual‐crop soils is consistent with Fick's Law.
Non‐alignment between temperatuer and N2O emissions can occur when the soil is saturated with water.
Near‐continuous automated data collection at anticipated max and min emissions may improve the accuracy of N2O estimates.
A common approach for measuring N2O emissions is to collect midmorning or early evening gas samples from experiments utilizing the chamber‐based flux methodology. However, due to high spatial and temporal variability, N2O estimates based on midmorning or early evening sampling may not provide accurate estimates of total emissions. This study determined the impact of sampling collection timing on the precision and accuracy of N2O emissions estimates. Nitrous oxide emissions, air and soil temperatures, and soil moisture were measured for 21 d following the application of 224 kg urea‐N ha–1 on 20 Sept. 2017, 11 Oct. 2017, and 1 May 2018, at six time intervals (0130–0230, 0530–0630, 0930–1030, 1330–1430, 1730–1830, and 2130–2230 h) over a 24‐h period. Based on multiple daily measurements, point samples collected between 0930 and 1030 h (midmorning) were inconsistent in their ability to predict N2O emissions. However, samples collected between 2130 and 2230 h (early evening) were similar to average emissions. The number of randomly collected point samples to be within 20% of the mean 80% of the time over a 21‐d period ranged from 13 samples for fertilizer applied on 20 Sept. 2017 to 48 samples for fertilizer applied on 11 Oct. 2017. This research indicates that management and climatic variability affect N2O emissions, and that accurate sampling protocols vary across management and climates. To reduce uncertainty, N2O sampling protocol should be tested under conditions likely to occur and where possible, near‐continuous measurement systems should be adopted.
Soil Carbon Accumulation and Nutrient Availability in Managed and Unmanaged Ecosystems of East Tennessee
Authors: Singh Shikha , Yan Sheng , Sorochan John , Stier John , Mayes Melanie A. , Zhuang Jie , Jagadamma Sindhu 
Published: April 2019

Core Ideas
Native woodlot and grassland systems have been converted to a managed turfgrass system with urbanization.
Turfgrass systems increased carbon sequestration and nitrogen availability compared with row crop systems.
Cool‐season (C3) turfgrasses improved soil physical and chemical properties more than warm‐season (C4) grasses.
In the last two decades, urban and suburban lands grew by 34% in the United States, with 16 to 20 million ha maintained under turfgrass systems. Side‐by‐side comparison of turfgrass systems with other managed and unmanaged ecosystems have not been comprehensively conducted in the climate transition zone of the United States, despite the environmental significance of land use changes. Our objective was to determine the relative effects of C3 and C4 turfgrasses on soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation and nutrient availability, in comparison with managed row crop and unmanaged woodlot and grassland systems. Soil samples from depths of 0 to 5, 5 to 15, and 15 to 30 cm were collected during March 2017 at the University of Tennessee's East Tennessee Research and Education Center from seven ecosystems: (i) corn (Zea mays L.)–soybean (Glycine max L.) rotation, (ii) continuous soybean, (iii) tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea L.), (iv) Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.), (v) bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L.), (vi) unmanaged grassland, and (vii) unmanaged woodlot. All turfgrass species were established in 2012 and were managed like low‐input residential lawns. Within the 30‐cm soil profile, turfgrass systems contained 4.2 kg m−2 SOC at the time of sampling, which was 33% more than croplands and 34% less than unmanaged systems, and the C4 turfgrass system contained 2.3 kg m−2 SOC and 0.4 mg kg−1 inorganic N, which were 56 and 57% lower than C3 systems, respectively. Results from this study highlight that low‐input lawns with suitable grass species can offer higher SOC stock and nutrient availability than conventional cropland systems.
Potassium Requirements for Corn in North Dakota: Influence of Clay Mineralogy
Authors: Breker J. S. , DeSutter T. , Rakkar M.K. , Chatterjee A. , Sharma L. , Franzen D.W. 
Published: April 2019

Core Ideas
Use of dry soil K soil test was most predictive of corn response in North Dakota.
Consideration of clay chemistry increased the prediction of yield response by the K soil test.
A smectite/illite ratio of 3.5 separated the sites into one requiring a higher critical K soil test value and one with a lower critical K value.
Due to initially high soil test K values, K soil test correlation and calibration for corn in North Dakota has previously not been intensely investigated. Potassium fertilizer rate experiments were conducted on 25 sites from 2014 to 2016. The previously published soil test K critical value of 150 mg kg−1 predicted crop response correctly at 16 of the sites. Alternative soil test methods, including a resin‐based extraction at two timings, sodium tetraphenylboron extractions at two timings, and 1 mol L−1 NH4OAc extraction using moist soil were conducted; however, the currently used 1 mol L−1 ammonium acetate extraction using dry soil was most predictive. Mineral analysis of soil from all sites was determined for potassium feldspar content of whole soil, and clay species, particularly smectite, illite, and kaolinite, were determined on the clay fraction. Cluster analysis revealed that a smectite/illite ratio of 3.5 separated the sites into two unique K response data sets. Sites with a smectite/illite ratio >3.5 had a K critical level of ∼200 mg kg−1, whereas sites with a smectite/illite ratio <3.5 had a K critical level of ∼130 mg kg–1. For soils with K soil tests between 130 and 200 mg kg−1, consideration of clay chemistry improves the predictability of crop yield response with K fertilization.