bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Split‐thickness skin grafts obtained from adjacent hairy skin for reconstructing auricular concave surfaces after Mohs surgery
Authors: Querol E. , García‐Martínez F.J. , Redondo P. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundReconstruction of large auricular defects with full‐thickness skin grafts (FTSG) is a commonly reported option, but less attention has focused on the advantages and indications of using split‐thickness skin grafts (STSG) in the ear.ObjectiveWe sought to report our experience using STSG for repair of defects located on the auricular concave surfaces, highlighting the utility of choosing the adjacent hairy skin as donor site.MethodsWe performed a retrospective review of all Mohs micrographic defects on the auricular concave surfaces repaired with STSG obtained from the adjacent hairy skin, between January 2017 and July 2018 at our institution.ResultsA total of 16 patients with defects on the auricular concavities resulting from removal of non‐melanoma skin cancer were reconstructed with STSG taken from the adjacent hairy skin. Only one patient experienced partial graft failure and no other complications were observed after 6‐month follow‐up.ConclusionSplit‐thickness skin grafts are suitable for reconstructing concave areas in the ear, providing good cosmetic results with a simple, cost‐effective and easily reproducible technique. Choosing the adjacent hairy skin as a donor area shortens the operative and postoperative time, and allows the procedure to be performed in a single surgical field.
Triggering factors in sensitive skin from the worldwide patients’ point of view: a systematic literature review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Brenaut E. , Barnetche T. , Le Gall‐Ianotto C. , Roudot A.‐C. , Misery L. , Ficheux A.‐S. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSensitive skin (SS) is a syndrome defined by the occurrence of unpleasant sensations in response to stimuli that normally should not provoke such sensations. In most patients, symptoms occur within 1 h following exposure to trigger factors and may persist for minutes or even hours. Numerous triggering factors (physical, chemical or psychological) are suspected and described in articles. The aim of this article was to perform a systematic literature review to collect data on the triggering factors involved in SS and to then perform a meta‐analysis. Thirteen studies were included in the systematic literature review. Subjects were classified into groups, SS or no sensitive skin (NSS), and triggering factors were researched through responses to different questions. SS could be triggered by numerous factors. The most important triggering factor was cosmetics, with an odds ratio (OR) equal to 7.12 [3.98–12.72]. Other triggering factors were physical (variations in temperature, cold, heat, wind, sun, air conditioning, wet air and dry air), chemical (water and pollution) or psychological (emotional) factors. After cosmetics, the most important factors were wet air, OR 3.83 [2.48–5.91]; air conditioning, OR 3.60 [2.11–6.14]; heat, OR 3.5 [2.69–4.63]; and water, OR 3.46 [2.56–4.77].
Cross‐reactivity in beta‐lactams after a non‐immediate cutaneous adverse reaction: experience of a reference centre for toxic bullous diseases and severe cutaneous adverse reactions
Authors: Bérot V. , Gener G. , Ingen‐Housz‐Oro S. , Gaudin O. , Paul M. , Chosidow O. , Wolkenstein P. , Assier H. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundCross‐reactivity among beta‐lactam antibiotics (BL) is essentially reported in immediate hypersensitivity.ObjectivesTo evaluate cross‐reactivity beyond BLs in patients with non‐immediate cutaneous adverse drug reaction (non‐immediate CADR) managed in a dermatology reference centre of toxic bullous and severe CADRs.Patients/Materials/MethodsWe conducted a retrospective single‐centre study in consecutive patients consulting between 2010 and 2018 with an active BL‐suspected non‐immediate CADR and explored by cutaneous tests [patch tests (PT) and intradermal tests (P‐IDR)] for at least three penicillin's subclasses and amino‐ and non‐amino‐cephalosporins (at least one aminocephalosporin). Cross‐reactivity among subclasses was investigated for patients with positive tests.ResultsWe included 56 patients, among whom 46 amoxicillin‐suspected were and seven cephalosporin‐suspected. Twenty‐nine had severe CADR, and 27 had non‐immediate maculopapular exanthema (MPE). Twenty‐two had positive tests (18 for AS and four for CS). Among the 18 positive amoxicillin‐suspected, 10 (55.6%) showed cross‐reactivity with one or more other BL: 9 (50%) with another penicillin and 3 (16.5%) with a non‐aminocephalosporin. No amoxicillin‐ or cephalosporin‐suspected patient showed cross‐reactivity with aztreonam or carbapenems. P‐IDR showed cross‐reactivity only once.ConclusionAfter a suspected BL‐induced non‐immediate CADR, a large allergologic exploration is needed to confirm the diagnosis and evaluate cross‐reactivity. In our population including cases of severe CADRs and MPE with late delay of onset, cross‐reactivity was frequent and PT was sufficient to this purpose. The frequent cross‐reactivity among penicillins encourages stopping this whole family and to test cephalosporins, aztreonam and carbapenems for which cross‐allergies are rarer.
Greater opportunities for sexual selection in male than in female obligate brood parasitic birds
Authors: Louder Matthew I. M. , Hauber Mark E. , Louder Amber N. A. , Hoover Jeffrey P. , Schelsky Wendy M. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractFemales are expected to have evolved to be more discriminatory in mate choice than males as a result of greater reproductive investment into larger gametes (eggs vs. sperm). In turn, males are predicted to be more promiscuous than females, showing both a larger variance in the number of mates and a greater increase in reproductive success with more mates, yielding more intense sexual selection on males vs. females (Bateman's Paradigm). However, sex differences in costly parental care strategies can either reinforce or counteract the initial asymmetry in reproductive investment, which may be one cause for some studies failing to conform with predictions of Bateman's Paradigm. For example, in many bird species with small female‐biased initial investment but extensive biparental care, both sexes should be subject to similar strengths of sexual selection because males and females are similarly restricted in their ability to pursue additional mates. Unlike 99% of avian species, however, obligate brood parasitic birds lack any parental care in either sex, predicting a conformation to Bateman's Paradigm. Here we use microsatellite genotyping to demonstrate that in brood parasitic brown‐headed cowbirds (Molothrus ater), per capita annual reproductive success increases with the number of mates in males, but not in females. Furthermore, also as predicted, the variance of the number of mates and offspring is greater in males than in females. Thus, contrary to previous findings in this species, our results conform to predictions of the Bateman's Paradigm for taxa without parental care.
Clinical performance of chairside monolithic lithium disilicate glass‐ceramic CAD‐CAM crowns
Authors: Aziz Ahmed , El‐Mowafy Omar , Tenenbaum Howard C. , Lawrence Herenia P. , Shokati Babak 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the clinical performance and the effect of various patient and provider‐related factors on the longevity of chairside monolithic posterior lithium disilicate glass‐ceramic (LDGC) computer‐aided design (CAD)‐computer‐aided manufacturing (CAM) crowns provided by predoctoral students.Materials and MethodsA sample of posterior LDGC CAD‐CAM crowns was evaluated. Crown preparations were milled chairside using the CEREC Omnicam system and cemented with Rely‐X Unicem or Calibra Universal resin cements. Clinical assessment of the crowns and supporting periodontal structures was performed using the modified California Dental Association (CDA) criteria. Intraoral photographs as well as radiographs were taken for further assessment by two evaluators. Kaplan‐Meier survival analysis was performed.ResultsA total of 40 crowns were inserted in 32 patients and evaluated for 4 years. Three complications were observed (two‐technical and one‐biological). No chipping or fracture of crowns was observed. No significant association was found between age, sex, periodontal condition, tooth type, tooth vitality, cement type, and longevity. The 4‐year cumulative survival and success rates were 95.0 and 92.3%, respectively.ConclusionChairside LDGC CAD‐CAM crowns exhibited a high survival rate after 4 years in function and were shown to be a viable and reliable treatment option for posterior teeth.Clinical significanceThe high survival rate of chairside CAD‐CAM crowns observed in this study suggests the likelihood of predictable performance in the predoctoral setup.
Effects of Asparagopsis taxiformis metabolites on the feeding behaviour of post‐larval Acanthurus triostegus
Authors: Gache Camille , Bertucci Frédéric , Guerra Ana Sofía , Calandra Maelle , Berr Tristan , Lafaye Julie , Jorissen Hendrikje , Nugues Maggy , Cossy Janine , Lecchini David 
Published: October 2019

AbstractOur study highlights the effect of the macroalgae Asparagopsis taxiformis on the feeding behaviour of the tropical surgeonfish Acanthurus triostegus. The presence of A. taxiformis chemical cues reduced A. triostegus feeding, suggesting that the presence of this algae could affect not only the survival of fish in the post‐larval stage, but also alter the grazing pressure on coral reefs.
Sexually selected traits are larger and more variable in male than female beach‐spawning capelin, Mallotus villosus
Authors: Orbach Dara N. , Donovan Meghan , Purchase Craig F. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe evaluated whether morphological traits in capelin, Mallotus villosus, that appear to be sexually selected (pectoral fin, pelvic fin, anal fin, lateral ridge) were larger and more variable in males than females compared with naturally selected morphological traits (eyes, dorsal fin). Photographs were obtained of 136 capelin captured at two spawning sites and standardised measurements were taken of six morphological traits. Males had larger traits than females for a given body size and this was most pronounced in the traits thought to be sexually selected. Body size explained much of the variation in female traits but less variation in male traits, suggesting alternative selection pressures are involved. We suggest that larger male body size aids in endurance rivalry and sexually dimorphic traits help males to remain in physical contact with females while spawning on the beach.
Geriatric Elements and Oral Anticoagulant Prescribing in Older Atrial Fibrillation Patients: SAGE‐AF
Authors: Saczynski Jane S. , Sanghai Saket R. , Kiefe Catarina I. , Lessard Darleen , Marino Francesca , Waring Molly E. , Parish David , Helm Robert , Sogade Felix , Goldberg Robert , Gurwitz Jerry , Wang Weijia , Mailhot Tanya , Bamgbade Benita , Barton Bruce , McManus David D. 
Published: October 2019

OBJECTIVESOral anticoagulants are the cornerstone of stroke prevention in high‐risk patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Geriatric elements, such as cognitive impairment and frailty, commonly occur in these patients and are often cited as reasons for not prescribing oral anticoagulants. We sought to systematically assess geriatric impairments in patients with AF and determine whether they were associated with oral anticoagulant prescribing.DESIGNCross‐sectional analysis of baseline data from the ongoing Systematic Assessment of Geriatric Elements in Atrial Fibrillation (SAGE‐AF) prospective cohort study.SETTINGMulticenter study with site locations in Massachusetts and Georgia that recruited participants from cardiology, electrophysiology, and primary care clinics from 2016 to 2018.PARTICIPANTSParticipants with AF age 65 years or older, CHA2DS2‐VASc (congestive heart failure; hypertension; aged ≥75 y [doubled]; diabetes mellitus; prior stroke, transient ischemic attack, or thromboembolism [doubled]; vascular disease; age 65‐74; female sex) score of 2 or higher, and no oral anticoagulant contraindications (n = 1244).MEASUREMENTSA six‐component geriatric assessment included validated measures of frailty, cognitive function, social support, depressive symptoms, vision, and hearing. Oral anticoagulant use was abstracted from the medical record.RESULTSA total of 1244 participants (mean age = 76 y; 49% female; 85% white) were enrolled; 42% were cognitively impaired, 14% frail, 53% pre‐frail, 12% socially isolated, and 29% had depressive symptoms. Oral anticoagulants were prescribed to 86% of the cohort. Oral anticoagulant prescribing did not vary according to any of the geriatric elements (adjusted odds ratios [ORs] for oral anticoagulant prescribing and cognitive impairment: OR = .75; 95% confidence interval [CI] = .51‐1.09; frail OR = .69; 95% CI = .35‐1.36; social isolation OR = .90; 95% CI = .52‐1.54; depression OR = .79; 95% CI = .49‐1.27; visual impairment OR = .98; 95% CI = .65‐1.48; and hearing impairment OR = 1.05; 95% CI = .71‐1.54).CONCLUSIONGeriatric impairments, particularly cognitive impairment and frailty, were common in our cohort, but treatment with oral anticoagulants did not differ by impairment status. These geriatric impairments are commonly cited as reasons for not prescribing oral anticoagulants, suggesting that prescribers may either be unaware or deliberately ignoring the presence of these factors in clinical settings. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:147–154, 2019
Review of impact categories and environmental indicators for life cycle assessment of geotechnical systems
Authors: Raymond Alena J. , Tipton James R. , Kendall Alissa , DeJong Jason T. 
Published: October 2019

SummaryLife cycle assessment (LCA) has only had limited application in the geotechnical engineering discipline, though it has been widely applied to civil engineering systems such as pavements and roadways. A review of previous geotechnical LCAs showed that most studies have tracked a small set of impact categories, such as energy and global warming potential. Accordingly, currently reported environmental indicators may not effectively or fully capture important environmental impacts and tradeoffs associated with geotechnical systems, including those associated with land and soil resources. This research reviewed previous studies, methods, and models for assessment of land use and soil‐related impacts to understand their applicability to geotechnical LCA. The results of this review show that critical gaps remain in current knowledge and practice. In particular, further development or refinement of environmental indicators, impact categories, and cause–effect pathways is needed as they pertain to geotechnical applications—specifically those related to soil quality, soil functions, and the ecosystem services soils provide. In addition, many existing methods emerge from research on land use and land use change related to other disciplines (e.g., agriculture). For applicability to geotechnical projects, the resolution of many of these methods and resulting indicators need to be downscaled from the landscape/macro scale to the project scale. In the near term, practitioners of geotechnical LCA should begin tracking changes to soil properties and report impacts to land and soil resources qualitatively.
Endogenous cannabinoid modulation of restraint stress‐induced analgesia in thermal nociception
Authors: Atwal Nicholas , Winters Bryony L. , Vaughan Christopher W. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIt is thought that endogenous cannabinoids have a role in the analgesia induced by specific forms of stress. We examined if the role of endogenous cannabinoids is also dependent upon the mode of nociception, and whether this could be altered by drugs which block their enzymatic degradation. In C57BL/6 mice, restraint stress produced analgesia in the hot‐plate and plantar tests, two thermal pain assays that engage distinct supraspinal and spinal nociceptive pathways. Stress‐induced analgesia in the hot‐plate test was abolished by pre‐treatment with the opioid receptor antagonist naltrexone but was unaffected by the cannabinoid receptor antagonist 1‐(2,4‐Dichlorophenyl)‐5‐(4‐iodophenyl)‐4‐methyl‐N‐4‐morpholinyl‐1H‐pyrazole‐3‐carboxamide (AM281). By contrast, stress‐induced analgesia in the plantar test was abolished by pre‐treatment with naltrexone plus AM281, but not by either antagonist individually. Remarkably, inhibiting the breakdown of endocannabinoids, with the dual fatty acid amide hydrolase and monoacylglycerol lipase inhibitor JZL195, rescued stress‐induced analgesia in the hotplate test when endogenous opioid signalling was blocked by naltrexone. Furthermore, JZL195 recruited analgesia induced by sub‐threshold restraint stress in both thermal pain assays. These findings indicate the role of endocannabinoids in stress‐induced analgesia differs with the type of thermal pain behaviour. However, by inhibiting their breakdown, endocannabinoids can be recruited to substitute for endogenous opioid signalling when their activity is blocked, indicating a degree of redundancy between opioid and cannabinoid systems. Together these data suggest targeting endocannabinoid breakdown could provide an alternative, or adjuvant to mainstream analgesics such as opioids.
image
Association between serum melatonin and skin aging in an urban population of Mongolia
Authors: Nanzadsuren Tuya , Myatav Tuul , Dorjkhuu Amgalanbaatar , Byamba Khandsuren 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundMelatonin has been implicated in skin functions such as hair growth cycling and skin pigmentation. Furthermore, melatonin receptors are expressed in several skin cells.AimsTo study the association between serum melatonin levels and skin aging grades among people aged 20‐69 years in Ulaanbaatar city.Patients/MethodsWe performed an analytical cross‐sectional study that used parametric testing through analyses to test the relationship between melatonin levels and skin aging grades. A total of 946 people were assessed for skin aging using a moisture checker, sebum tape, and a digital camera. Blood samples were collected between 8:00 am and 10:00 am, and melatonin was measured using an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay analyzer.ResultsThere was a statistically significant association between age and skin aging grade (P < .001). A multiple factor analysis revealed that lower levels of melatonin in the serum increased with skin aging grade 4 (odds ratio [OR], 1.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.4‐8.0), (OR, 2.4; 95% CI, 0.5‐9.5), grade 5 (OR, 3.8; 95% CI, 0.8‐15.7), and grade 6. There were weak associations between melatonin levels and potential covariates (skin pigmentation and skin hydration) taken from the correlation matrix. There was a weak positive correlation between skin pigmentation and age (r = .28), a weak negative correlation between skin pigmentation and sleep status (r = −.20), and a weak negative correlation between skin hydration and age (r = −.27).ConclusionsSerum melatonin decreases with age, indicating that its loss may stimulate the process of earlier skin aging.
Intersubject Variability and Normalization Strategies for Spinal Cord Total Cross‐Sectional and Gray Matter Areas
Authors: Papinutto Nico , Asteggiano Carlo , Bischof Antje , Gundel Tristan J. , Caverzasi Eduardo , Stern William A. , Bastianello Stefano , Hauser Stephen L. , Henry Roland G. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEThe quantification of spinal cord (SC) atrophy by MRI has assumed an important role in assessment of neuroinflammatory/neurodegenerative diseases and traumatic SC injury. Recent technical advances make possible the quantification of gray matter (GM) and white matter tissues in clinical settings. However, the goal of a reliable diagnostic, prognostic or predictive marker is still elusive, in part due to large intersubject variability of SC areas. Here, we investigated the sources of this variability and explored effective strategies to reduce it.METHODSOne hundred twenty‐nine healthy subjects (mean age: 41.0 ± 15.9) underwent MRI on a Siemens 3T Skyra scanner. Two‐dimensional PSIR at the C2‐C3 vertebral level and a sagittal 1 mm3 3D T1‐weighted brain acquisition extended to the upper cervical cord were acquired. Total cross‐sectional area and GM area were measured at C2‐C3, as well as measures of the vertebra, spinal canal and the skull. Correlations between the different metrics were explored using Pearson product‐moment coefficients. The most promising metrics were used to normalize cord areas using multiple regression analyses.RESULTSThe most effective normalization metrics were the V‐scale (from SienaX) and the product of the C2‐C3 spinal canal diameters. Normalization methods based on these metrics reduced the intersubject variability of cord areas of up to 17.74%. The measured cord areas had a statistically significant sex difference, while the effect of age was moderate.CONCLUSIONSThe present work explored in a large cohort of healthy subjects the source of intersubject variability of SC areas and proposes effective normalization methods for its reduction.
Subsidy competition and imperfect labor markets
Authors: Morita Tadashi , Sawada Yukiko , Yamamoto Kazuhiro 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis study presents a two‐country model of subsidy competition for manufacturing firms under labor market imperfections. Because subsidies affect the distribution of firms, subsidies influence unemployment rates and welfare in both countries. We show that when labor market frictions are high, subsidy competition is beneficial, although subsidies under subsidy competition are inefficiently high. In the coordinated equilibrium, the supranational authority provides a subsidy to firms that equal the expected total search costs, which increases the number of firms relative to laissez‐faire and improves welfare relative to laissez‐faire and subsidy competition. Finally, we find that a rise in a country's labor market frictions raises the equilibrium subsidy rate, affects unemployment rates, and lowers welfare.
In-vitro–in-silico investigation of the negative food effect of zolpidem when administered as immediate-release tablets
Authors: Paraiso Rafael Leal Monteiro , Watanabe Ayahisa , Andreas Cord J , Turner David , Zane Patricia , Dressman Jennifer 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Objectives
The main objective of the present work was to combine in-vitro and in-silico tools to better understand the in-vivo behavior of the immediate release (IR) formulation of zolpidem in the fasted and fed states.

Methods
The dissolution of zolpidem was evaluated using biorelevant media simulating the gastric and intestinal environment in the fasted and fed states. Additionally, the influence of high viscosity and high fat content on the release of zolpidem under fed state conditions was investigated. The in-vitro results were combined with a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model constructed with Simcyp® to simulate the zolpidem pharmacokinetic profile in both prandial states.

Key findings
In vitro biorelevant dissolution experiments representing the fasted and fed states, combinedwith PBPKmodelling, were able to simulate the plasma profiles from the clinical food effect studies well. Experiments reflecting the pH and fat content of themeal led to a good prediction of the zolpidem plasma profile in the fed state, whereas increasing the viscosity of the gastricmedia led to an under-prediction.

Conclusions
This work demonstrates that the combination of biorelevant dissolution testing and PBPK modelling is very useful for understanding the in-vivo behavior of zolpidem in the fasted and fed states. This approach could be implemented in the development of other drugs exhibiting negative food effects, saving resources and bringing new drug products to the market faster.