bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KADAR CTX PEREMPUAN OSTEOPOROSIS LEBIH TINGGI DARIPADA PEREMPUAN NORMAL DAN OSTEOPENIA
Authors: Puspitawati Ira , Windarwati Windarwati , Sukorini Usi , Erlina Erlina , Herowati Pratiwi , Prabowo Arlan , Kusuma Riswan Hadi 
Published: October 2018

Regarding to the ageing population in most countries, degenerative and metabolism diseases included osteoporosis are becoming increasingly and need special attention in all country especially in the developing country such as Indonesia. Current WHO recommendation of using a gold standard for establishing osteoporosis is by Dual X-Ray Absorptiometry (DEXA), but it is expensive and not yet widely available. There are some alternatives of biochemical markers that can reflect the bone turn over. One of them is Cterminal cross-linking telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) or betacrosslabs, a marker of bone resorbtion. There are still limited studies on correlation of CTX and osteoporosis in peri menopausal and post menopausal women. The aim of this study is to know whether there are any differences of CTX level among peri menopausal and post menopausal women with different bone density. This research was a cross sectional study and aimed to know whether there is any correlation between CTX level and Bone Mineral Density Score measured with DEXA. The study was conducted in June-August 2010. The included subjects were women with age more than 45 years old, without apparent history of neoplasm, impaired renal function, bone metabolic diseases, and not currently pregnant. CTX level were measured using immunochemiluminescent. Their data were analysed using One Way ANOVA. This study showed that there are differences of CTX levels among women with osteoporosis, osteopenia, and normal (0.633±0.25 ng/mL vs 0.514±0.21 ng/mL vs 0.406±0.21 ng/mL p=0.02). Osteoporosis women have higher CTX level compared to Osteopenia and Normal women.
KEKURANGAN ZAT BESI DI PEREMPUAN HAMIL MENGGUNAKAN HEMOGLOBIN RETIKULOSIT (RET-HE)
Authors: Primiastanti Petriana , Sukartini Ninik 
Published: October 2018

Iron deficiency is the most common nutrional deficiency in the world, mostly in developing and industrial countries. Population with highest risk of iron deficiency generally are reproductive-age women. In Indonesia, the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women is about 50.5%. Anemia due to iron deficiency in pregnancy can affect both mother as well as the foetus. In order to prevent permanent systemic complication, it is important to do early detection before iron deficiency anaemia developes. In the early phase of iron deficiency prior to anaemia, additional tests of ferritin, serum iron and saturation index are needed besides the complete blood count. A new parameter named reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent (RET-He) has been developed to detect the level of hemoglobin in an immature erythrocyte or reticulocyte. Reticulocytes will be present in the peripheral circulation for only 24âˆ’48 hours, so the RET-He will give more appropriate information about the condition of bone marrow iron. When the bone marrow iron is depleted, the RET-He will show a decrease. In several hematology analyzers, for example Advia 2120 and Sysmex XE 2100, this parameter can be tested together with CBC, so no additional blood sample is needed. The aim of this study is to know iron deficiency in healthy first and second trimester pregnant women by screening using RET-He and compare the result to other parameters that are now available, such as: hemoglobin, ferritin, transferrin saturation. Those parameters can develop RET-He cut-off with optimal sensitivity and specificity. The study comprised 100 healthy pregnant women from I and II trimester who did not develop anemia yet during their last pregnancy. The subjects were divided into three (3) groups based on ferritin and transferrin saturation: 67 women (67%) without iron deficiency, 17 women (17%) with iron deficiency stage I, and 16 women (16%) with iron deficiency stage II. Hemoglobin, RET-He, and transferrin saturation showed a mean±SD of 12.35±1.02 g/dL, 33.60±1.88 pg and 28.63±1.07%, respectively. Median ferritin (min-max) was 40.10 (6.24–191.30)ng/mL. By using receiver operating curve (ROC) in this study RET-He point was found at 33.65 pg as an optimal cut-off point to differentiate iron deficiency with sensitivity and specificity of 67% and 64.18% respectively. From cross tabs table of RET-He with ferritin as the gold standard and 33.65 pg as the cut-off point results were 47.8% positive predictive value (PPV), 79.6% negative predictive value (NPV), positive likelihood ratio (LR) 1.86 and negative likelihood ratio (LR) 0.52. In this study, significant differences between non iron deficiency and the iron deficiency stage II groups and between iron deficiency stage I and iron deficiency stage II groups were found. There was no difference between the non iron deficiency and iron deficiency stage I groups.
LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE (LDH) SELAMA PENYIMPANAN
Authors: Triyono Teguh , Intansari Umi Solekhah , Bimoseno Caesar Haryo 
Published: October 2018

During storage, erythrocytes suffered from biomechanical alterations called the "storage lesion”, which may caused hemolysis. The hemolysis released LDH into the plasma. The LDH that was released during hemolysis made it an adequate instrument to assess the quality of in vitro blood products. The aims of this study were to analyse the alteration of LDH level at day 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28 in the WB and PRC, to analyse the correlation between LDH level with storage duration, and also to analyse enhancement differences of LDH level between WB and PRC.This research was an observational study with a cross-sectional design. As the samples there were 11 bags of WB and 10 bags of PRC. Blood products were kept in bloodbank with the temperature range of 2–6° C. The LDH level was measured with the Beckman Chemistry Analyzer. There were statistically significant alterations of LDH level started from day 7 of storage in both blood products (p<0.05). The significant strong correlation between LDH level with the storage duration were found r=0.772; r=0.835 (p<0.05) in WB and PRC respectively. The enhancement differences were found to be higher and significant in the PRC than in the WB started from day 7 of storage (p<0.05). As conclusion, LDH in WB and PRC were signifantly increased during storage, and correlate with storage duration.
AKTIVITAS CKMB DAN MASA CKMB TERKAIT KARDIAK TROPONIN-I DALAM GEJALA KORONER AKUT
Authors: Ardyanto Tonang Dwi , Tahono Tahono 
Published: October 2018

Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death recently, including in Indonesia which is raised to 25%. Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is its common clinical manifestation. Therefore, the necessity for a sensitive as well as specific diagnostic biomarker for ACS should be addressed in discriminating the ACS patient and its related risks. The diagnostic sensitivity of characteristic electrocardiography pattern in ACS cases were reported to be variatively between 55–75%. In laboratory diagnostic, ACS markers among others are CKMB activity, CKMB mass as well as Cardiac Troponin-T and Troponin-I (cTnT and cTnI). Currently, cTnI is the gold standard. The present study is to know the analysing of the CKMB activity as well as the mass diagnostic performance in the detectionof ACS in the patient presenting with chest-pain at RSDM, by using cTnI as the standard of reference. As many 30 samples, 18âˆ’65 years old, were selected trough incidental sampling method from the subjects presenting with chest-pain no longer than 6 hrs before admission. The blood samples were drawn at admission and 6 hrs afterward. The CKMB activity (immunoinhibition assay), CKMB mass (ELFA) and cTnI (ELFA) measurement were performed on each sample. The analysis showed that cTnI cut-off on 0.1 Î¼g/L (ESC/ACC 2000) was most optimal in the laboratory diagnostic of ACS compared to that of 0.01 Î¼g/L (ESC/ACC 2007 update) and 1.0 Î¼g/L (WHO). Using the cTnI cut-off on 0.1 Î¼g/L, on admission (0 hr) the diagnostic efficiency of CKMB mass was 56.7% while that of CKMB activity was 60.0%. While on the serial measurement (6 hrs), the diagnostic efficiency of CKMB mass was 76.6% while that of CKMB activity was 56.7%. The results showed that by serial measurements, CKMB mass is superior than CKMB activity in the diagnosis of ACS in patient presenting with chest-pain. Further researches are necessary to elaborate the comparison elucidatively. The results of the study considered that in designing the protocol for laboratory examination should carried out in patient presenting with chest pain.
ANGKA BANDING APO B/APO A-I PADA GEJALA KORONER AKUT
Authors: Linawaty Sienny , Suparyatmo JB. , Tahono Tahono 
Published: October 2018

Coronary Artery Disease has a high prevalence and is frequently occurred and associated with the high mortality and morbidity. Dyslipidemia is one of the risk factors of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). ApoB contained in very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDL), LDL and small dense LDL (sd-LDL), with one molecule of apoB in each particle. Apo A-I is the major apolipoprotein in HDL particles. The ratio of apoB/apoA-I is a balance between apoB-containing particles and potentially atherogenic apoA-I that is antiaterogenik. This study is carried to know the determination whether there are differences between apoB/ apoA-I ratio in patients dyslipidemia with ACS and non ACS. The research used a cross-sectional study design with patients dyslipidemia subjects suffering Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) and non ACS who enter to the Laboratory of Pathology Clinic at Dr. Moewardi Hospital between July and November 2011. To determine the pattern of data distribution, the researchers used Kolmogorov Smirnov test. For the analysis of differences in mean apoB/apoA-I ratio in the two population groups is used the T test, using a computer program, with the significance level p<0.05, 95% confidence interval. From 74 samples examined the mean age is 56.42 year old. This patients consisted of 33 males (44.6%) and 41 women (55.4%). All subjects are grouped into two groups, dyslipidemia ACS and non dyslipidemia ACS. The results showed apoB/apoA-I ratio significantly different in patients with dyslipidemia with ACS and non ACS. The mean apoB/apoA-I ratio of women and men subjects in both groups, including groups at high risk of myocardial myokard and higher than the cut-off ratio of apoB/ apoA-I (men 0.9 and women 0.8). It can be concluded that the apoB/apoA-I ratio of women and men subjects in both groups, included the high risk category for infarct myokard although lipid abnormalities are still not demonstrated to the risk of infarct myokard.
ASAM HIDROKSIINDOLASETIK 5 (5-HIAA) AIR KEMIH DI KANKER KOLOREKTAL
Authors: Arif Mansyur , Tallulembang Yosep F. , Bahar Burhanuddin , Samad Ibrahim Abd. , Labeda Ibrahim 
Published: October 2018

Colorectal cancer, in fact is one of the three most malignant tumour types found in the world. Early detection is recommended to find out the problem and will affect better life expectancy. Various study have been conducted looking for a test that can be easily, non invasive, inexpensive, no special equipment and skills required such as by detecting 5-hidroxyindolacetic acid that can be found in the urine. The aim of this study was to analyze 5-HIAA in the urine of colorectal cancer patients. The study was conducted at the Clinic and Surgical Ward, and Clinical Pathology Laboratory, at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital in Makassar during the period May–August 2011. The study was conducted on 42 patients and 45 controls ranging from 35âˆ’74 years old and 20âˆ’52 years old, respectively. The diagnosis is based on the histopathological and most were in stage III of adenocarcinoma profile. Rated of 5-HIAA colorectal cancer the highest is in the value of 4–6 and all normal control had value of 1–3. There is a significant association between 5-HIAA and colorectal cancer, that shown the highest stadium of colorectal cancer, and the highest value of urine 5-HIAA. The ideal cut-off point for screening is two (2) with its sensitivity and specificity values are 100% and 88. 9%, respectively. 5-HIAA urine test can be used as a tumor marker for colorectal cancer in conjunction with other supporting tests. Further study is needed to determine the cut-off point with a various clinical stage.
CARCInoeMBRYonIC AnTIGen (CEA) DI KANKER KOLOREKTAL
Authors: Raehaan Nur Rahmi , Nurulita Asvin , Arif Mansyur 
Published: October 2018

Colorectal cancer is a common gastrointestinal malignancy of the colon and rectum. According to the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) in 2006, preoperative CEA level is useful in dtermining the tumour stage, plan of action and monitoring therapeutic response during the active treatment. Several factors which influence CEA level in patients with colorectal cancer is the staging and the degree of tumour, liver function, and as well as its location. This retrospective study is aimed to know the preoperative CEA levels in 51 patients with colorectal cancer and to compare the levels of CEA based on tumour stage, degree of tumour based on histopathology and tumour location.. This study was carried out at the Dr.Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital (RSWS), Makassar during January 2009âˆ’December of 2011. The researchers found a significant difference between the levels of CEA with the tumour stage (p=0.000) and its relation with the degree of the tumour (p=0.002), however, based on the tumour location (p=0.585) there was no significant difference between the levels of CEA. In conclusion, it was found that the higher the tumour stage, the higher the levels of the produced CEA. A well differentiated tumour of colorectal cancer produced a higher level of CEA compared to the moderate or poor-differentiated tumours.
HoSPITAL ACQuIReD PneuMonIA onSeT DAN BAKTEREMIA
Authors: Roes Bellya Affan , Kartika Dewi , Andriyoko Basti 
Published: October 2018

Hospital acquired pneumonia (HAP) is significantly impact the patient morbidity and mortality that cause etiologic identification becomes a microbiological emergency in HAP. The etiologic identification based on the onset of pneumonia is important to determine the specific pathogens, that impact patient prognosis and prevent bacteremia. The aim of the study is to know the bacterial profile and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of early onset HAP by determination, late onset HAP and HAP with bacteriaemia in the intensive care setting. The design of this study was retrospective descriptive. The data was collected from the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Pathology and the medical record from Dr. Hasan Sadikin hospital Bandung, from April 2013–March 2013. From the 61 episodes of HAP, 18 were early onset HAP and 43 were late onset HAP, including five (5) related to (8.2%) HAP with bacteriaemia. Klebsiella pneumoniae is the most common etiology of the early onset HAP (22.2%), with the highest susceptibility (75%) to amikacin, meropenem, and tigecyclin. Acinetobacter baumannii is the most common etiology of the late onset HAP (27.9%), with the highest susceptibility (75%) to amikacin and cotrymoxazole. The most common etiology of HAP with bacteriaemia is Klebsiella pneumoniae confirmed ESBL (40%) with the highest susceptibility to amikacin and meropenem (100%). Based on this study, it can be concluded that the most common bacterial profile of the early onset HAP is K. pneumoniae, while for the late onset HAP is A. baumannii, and HAP with bacteriaemia is K. pneumoniae confirmed ESBL. All of them have the highest susceptibility to amikacin.
KADAR ASAM URAT SERUM DAN KOMPONEN SINDROM METABOLIK
Authors: P MI Diah , Rachmawati Banundari , AP Purwanto 
Published: October 2018

The incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is significantly increasing. The elevated serum uric acid (SUA) level is correlated with the metabolic risk of cardiovascular. The relationship between SUA levels and components of MetS has been inconsistent. The aim of this study was to know the correlation between SUA level and component of MetS by analyzng. This study was a cross-sectional design conducted on healthy people at the Medical Check Up (MCU) Clinic, Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta from June 2012 until February 2013. MetS was defined according to the 2005 International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria. The statistical analysis was done by Student's T test, Pearson or Spearman correlation coefficients. The researchers considered p<0.05 as statistically significant with a 95% confidence interval. A total of 80 healthy subjects, (range 19–57 years) were enrolled into this study. MetS was diagnosed in 40 persons where men (62.5%) were more than women and the non-MetS in women (62.5%) were more than men. In this study, a positive correlation was found between SUA and systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and waist circumference (Pearson r=0.354, 0.495, 0.399, respectively, p<0.05) in women, but not in men. The SUA was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and waist circumference, particularly in women. A long term study is needed to investigate the consequence of increasing the SUA level in metabolic disorders and hormonal influences as well.
KADAR TSH DI MuLTIDRuG ReSISTAnCe TuBeRCuLoSIS TERKAIT ETIONAMID
Authors: Suparyatmo Suparyatmo , A.S B. Rina , Harsini Harsini , Musayadah Musayadah 
Published: October 2018

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and health problem and cause of death worldwide. MDR-TB occurs in patients who are inadequate and irregular in treatment. WHO strategy for MDR-TB is taking anti-tuberculosis (OAT) which has the effect of second-line heavier. Ethionamide one second-line OAT is administered orally and has a side effect of hypothyroidism. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 18 patients with MDR-TB from July 2012–March 2013. One patient has been excluded due to hypothyroidism. Increased TSH levels exceeded the cut-off occurred in 2 of 4 people after 1 month of treatment, 3 of 3 people after the 5th month of treatment, 1 of 4 people after 6 months of treatment and 1 of 3 people after month 9 treatment. Only 1 person who had increased levels of TSH>10 Î¼IU/ mL. Conclusion: in patients with MDR-TB evaluation is required to determine the levels of TSH hypothyroidism.
PERBEDAAN GOLONGAN DARAH ABO DI ANEMIA HEMOLITIK AUTOIMUN
Authors: Yuniar Hilma , Muhiddin Rachmawati , Arif Mansyur 
Published: October 2018

Discrepancy of blood type is the difference result between cell grouping and serum grouping. The technical errors and various conditions are the common cause of their discrepancy, one of the conditions is mentioned as Auto Immune Haemolytic Anaemia (AIHA). Auto immune haemolytic anemia cold type can cause discrepancy due to cold autoantibody reaction. In this study the researchers conducted further testing to determine the actual blood type so the right blood transfusion can be given. A 41 years old woman with weakness and pale since a month before her admission to the present hospital, has been treated in a district hospital with the same condition. On the physical examination, the researchers found hepatomegaly. The complete blood count showed hemoglobin level was 2.1 g/dL and leukocyte count was 21.54í—103/uL. The clinical diagnosis made by the emergency department was anemia pro evaluation and planned blood transfusion with 500 cc of PRC. The peripheral blood smear shown hemolytic anemia. The result of the initial blood type test on forward grouping were AB positive agglutination and on reverse grouping O positive, then followed by washing erythrocyte and the researchers found the similar result. Because of the extra antibody found in both examination, the examination was carried out at 37°C of the patient's temperature. The researchers found that the blood type of AB rhesus positive with cold autoantibody. The indirect coombs test was positive. The patient is had been reported with ABO discrepancy cold type autoantibody (group IV) in autoimmune hemolytic anemia cold type. Further screening antibody tests are needed to confirm the specific antibody.
SARI CenTeLLA ASIATICA ASLI BALI MENINGKATKAN SEKRESI TuMouR neCRoSIS FACToR ALPHA (TNF-a) PADA MENCIT YANG DIINFEKSIKAN SALMoneLLA TYPHI
Authors: Wande I Nyoman , Herawati Sianny , Widhiartini Ida Ayu Alit , Sutirta Yasa I Wayan Putu , Oka Tjokorda Gede , Linawati Ni Made 
Published: October 2018

Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-Î±) is a cytokine produced by macrophages and other mononuclear cells, is a good antibacterial agent against Salmonella spp, especially Salmonella typhi. Centella asiatica is an alternative drug that is expected as an immunostimulant in patients with typhoid fever. Comparing the effectiveness of Centella asiatica extract the original Bali as an immunostimulant and without stimulants in mice infected Salmonella typhi in terms of TNF-Î± secretion. This study is an experimental study with a post test only with control group design. A total of 20 mice were divided into 4 groups. The first and second groups each given Centella asiatica extract 75 mg/20 g bw (0.5 cc) and without a given extract for 4 weeks. Both groups were inoculated orally Salmonella typhi 106 per mL of bacteria in the second week. The third and fourth groups were given thiamphenicol with Centella asiatica extract 75 mg/20 g bw (0.5 cc) and thiamphenicol without any extract for 4 weeks respectively. Both groups were inoculated orally Salmonella typhi 106 per mL of bacteria in the first day. All groups terminated on fourth week and examination levels of TNF-Î± by ELISA and gall culture. The mean levels of TNF-Î± in groups (1–4) is 86.10±2.67 pg/mL, 32.81±11.33 pg/mL, 35.87±3.90 pg/mL and 19.21±2.19 pg/mL respectively. Based on the examination of the gall cultures this study showed positive results in the first and second groups, while a negative result on the third and fourth groups. Based on the One way ANOVA analysis on levels of TNF-Î±, there are significant differences between the first group with the second group (p<0.05), and between the third and fourth groups also found significant differences (p<0.05) increased levels of TNF-Î± in mice with Salmonella typhi infection given Centella asiatica extract.
PERUBAHAN BENTUK ERITROSIT DI GLOMERULONEFRITIS
Authors: Dwiyana Yosepha , Astrawinata Dalima AW 
Published: October 2018

In glomerulonephritis there are intraglomerular inflammation, cell proliferation, and hematuria. Hematuria is characterized by more than 3 (three) erythrocytes per high-power field in the urine, which indicates the pathological processes in kidney or urinary tract. The combination of mechanical damage of erythrocyte membrane through the damaged glomerular basement membrane followed by the osmotic damage when it passes through the tubular system in the hypotonic osmotic solutions causes dysmorphic morphology. Erythrocytes trapped in the Tamm-Horsfall protein will form erythrocyte casts. Dysmorphic erythrocytes and or erythrocyte casts in the urine indicate glomerular hematuria. Various forms of dysmorphic erythrocytes in the urine can be found. Acanthocytes (G1-cells) are specific for glomerular hematury. The examination of these urinary sediments can be done natively or by using automated urinalysis analyzers.
Prática pedagógica e o conhecimento declarativo de alunos do Ensino Fundamental II sobre a Educação Física
Authors: Souza Maurício Teodoro de , Saitsu Andréa Cristina , Gimenez Roberto 
Published: October 2018

O presente estudo teve por objetivo analisar o conhecimento declarativo de alunos do Ensino Fundamental II sobre a Educação Física. Participaram desta pesquisa 52 jovens do Ensino Fundamental II de uma escola da grande São Paulo. A técnica de survey foi utilizada para o levantamento e agrupamento das informações. Os resultados encontrados sugerem uma ampliação da visão sobre o componente curricular Educação Física. Esta constatação é reforçada pela menção de temas como pessoas com deficiência, questões étnico-raciais e pela visão de apropriação de espaços públicos para práticas corporais, o que sugere um impacto da proposta do estado de São Paulo.