bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immune activation by DNA damage predicts response to chemotherapy and survival in oesophageal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Turkington Richard C , Knight Laura A , Blayney Jaine K , Secrier Maria , Douglas Rosalie , Parkes Eileen E , Sutton Eilis K , Stevenson Leanne , McManus Damian , Halliday Sophia , McCavigan Andrena M , Logan Gemma E , Walker Steven M , Steele Christopher J , Perner Juliane , Bornschein Jan , MacRae Shona , Miremadi Ahmad , McCarron Eamon , McQuaid Stephen , Arthur Kenneth , James Jacqueline A , Eatock Martin M , O’Neill Robert , Noble Fergus , Underwood Timothy J , Harkin D Paul , Salto-Tellez Manuel , Fitzgerald Rebecca C , Kennedy Richard D 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveCurrent strategies to guide selection of neoadjuvant therapy in oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) are inadequate. We assessed the ability of a DNA damage immune response (DDIR) assay to predict response following neoadjuvant chemotherapy in OAC.DesignTranscriptional profiling of 273 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded prechemotherapy endoscopic OAC biopsies was performed. All patients were treated with platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy and resection between 2003 and 2014 at four centres in the Oesophageal Cancer Clinical and Molecular Stratification consortium. CD8 and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) immunohistochemical staining was assessed in matched resection specimens from 126 cases. Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis were applied according to DDIR status for recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS).ResultsA total of 66 OAC samples (24%) were DDIR positive with the remaining 207 samples (76%) being DDIR negative. DDIR assay positivity was associated with improved RFS (HR: 0.61; 95% CI 0.38 to 0.98; p=0.042) and OS (HR: 0.52; 95% CI 0.31 to 0.88; p=0.015) following multivariate analysis. DDIR-positive patients had a higher pathological response rate (p=0.033), lower nodal burden (p=0.026) and reduced circumferential margin involvement (p=0.007). No difference in OS was observed according to DDIR status in an independent surgery-alone dataset.DDIR-positive OAC tumours were also associated with the presence of CD8+ lymphocytes (intratumoural: p<0.001; stromal: p=0.026) as well as PD-L1 expression (intratumoural: p=0.047; stromal: p=0.025).ConclusionThe DDIR assay is strongly predictive of benefit from DNA-damaging neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgical resection and is associated with a proinflammatory microenvironment in OAC.
Periprocedural safety and technical outcomes of the new Silk Vista Baby flow diverter for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms: results from a multicenter experience
Authors: Martínez-Galdámez Mario , Biondi Alessandra , Kalousek Vladimir , Pereira Vitor M , Ianucci Giuseppe , Gentric Jean-Christophe , Mosimann Pascal J , Brisbois Denis , Schob Stefan , Quäschling Ulf , Kaesmacher Johannes , Ognard Julien , Escartín Jorge , Tsang Chun On Anderson , Čulo Branimir , Chabert Emmanuel , Turjman Francis , Barbier Charlotte , Mihalea Cristian , Spelle Laurent , Chapot René 
Published: March 2019

PurposeThe aim of our study was to assess the technical success and the safety of this new low-profile flow diverter Silk Vista Baby (SVB) by evaluating the intraprocedural and periprocedural complication rate.Material/methodsClinical, procedural, and angiographic data were analyzed.Results: 41 consecutive patients (28 women; age average 50.5 years) with 43 aneurysms were treated with SVB. Aneurysm sizes were classified by their maximum diameter, with an average size of 9.5 mm (range 2–30 mm). Thirty-four cases were unruptured. five aneurysms previously ruptured, had recurrence after the initial coiling. There were two ruptured cases. Aneurysms' locations were: M1 segment (five cases), M2 segment (three cases), M3 segment (one case), middle cerebral artery (MCA) bifurcation (six cases), carotid-T (two cases), anterior communicating artery/A1/A2 (11 cases), pericallosal artery (four cases), supraclinoid ICA (two cases), PCom (one case), V4 segment (three cases), PCA (three cases), SCA (one case), and PICA (one case). We had five intraprocedural complications which resolved without clinical consequences and three events postprocedural events. Initial occlusion rates were: eight aneurysms (18.6%) were completely occluded, five aneurysms (11.6%) showed near-complete occlusion, four cases (9.3%) showed incomplete filling, and 26 cases (60.4%) showed persisting filling. The mRS score at discharge from the hospital did not change from the admission mRS score.ConclusionOur study demonstrated that the use of the new low-profile flow diverter, SVB device, for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms is feasible and technically safe.
OMERACT agreement and reliability study of ultrasonographic elementary lesions in osteoarthritis of the foot
Authors: Zabotti Alen , Filippou Georgios , Canzoni Marco , Adinolfi Antonella , Picerno Valentina , Carrara Greta , Balint Peter , Bruyn George A , D'Agostino Maria Antonietta , Damjanov Nemanja , Delle Sedie Andrea , Filippucci Emilio , Gonzalez Fernandez Maria Luz , Hammer Hilde Berner , Karim Zunaid , Mandl Peter , Moller Ingrid , Morales Lozano Maria Rosario , Naredo Esperanza , Porta Francesco , Sakellariou Garifallia , Terslev Lene , Scirè Carlo Alberto , Iagnocco Annamaria 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveTo evaluate the level of agreement on ultrasonographic (US) lesions among highly experienced sonographers as well as the intraobserver and interobserver reliability of inflammatory and structural US lesions in patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of the foot.MethodsAfter a systematic literature review, a Delphi survey was performed to test definitions of US lesions in OA of the foot, including inflammatory lesions (ie, synovial hypertrophy [SH], joint effusion [JE], power Doppler signal [PD]), and structural abnormalities (ie, cartilage damage [CD] and osteophytes). Subsequently, the reliability of US in assessing the aforementioned lesions was tested on static images as well as during a live exercise. Reliability was assessed by kappa analyses and prevalence-adjusted bias-adjusted kappa (PABAK) on a dichotomous and an ordinal scale.ResultsIntraobserver and interobserver reliability for SH and JE evaluated by binary scoring was good for both components, while the intraobserver reliability for semiquantitative scoring of SH ranged from moderate in the web-based exercise (PABAK 0.49) to good (PABAK 0.8) in the live exercise. Reliability for CD and PD assessments were respectively good and excellent in all exercises (ranged from PABAK 0.61 to 0.79 for CD and 0.88 to 0.95 for PD). The interobserver reliability for the semiquantitative scoring of osteophytes was fair in the live exercise (PABAK 0.36) and moderate in the static exercise (PABAK 0.60).ConclusionsConsensual US definitions were found to be reliable for assessing inflammatory lesions in OA of the foot, while the use of US to assess structural damage requires further studies.
Leishmaniosis causing chronic diarrhoea in a dog
Authors: Ward Patricia Maeve , McLauchlan Gerard , Millins Caroline , Mullen Dermot , McBrearty Alix Rebecca 
Published: March 2019

A 10‐year‐old, male, neutered Podenco Canario was presented for investigation of chronic mixed intestinal diarrhoea and weight loss. The dog was imported from Spain seven years earlier and had not subsequently travelled outside of the UK. Clinical investigations also revealed a lingual mass, right hindlimb lameness, splenomegaly, a non‐regenerative anaemia and hyperglobulinaemia. Histopathology of endoscopic gastrointestinal biopsies revealed neutrophilic and histiocytic enteritis and colitis with high numbers of intracytoplasmic organisms suggestive ofLeishmania. Similar organisms were identified on cytology from the spleen, bone marrow aspirate and lingual mass.LeishmaniaPCR was positive on a bone marrow aspirate. Clinical signs resolved with miltefosine and allopurinol treatment. This case describes an atypical presentation of leishmaniosis with chronic diarrhoea which presented for veterinary investigation and treatment, seven years after moving from aLeishmaniaendemic area to the UK.
Overlapping and distinct contributions of stimulus location and of spatial context to nonspatial visual short-term memory
Authors: Cai Ying , Sheldon Andrew D. , Yu Qing , Postle Bradley R. 
Published: March 2019

Stimulus location is not always informative during visual short-term memory (VSTM) for nonspatial features. Nevertheless, there is considerable evidence for the automatic encoding and retention of location information, regardless of its task relevance. To explore the functional and neural bases of the representation of spatial context in VSTM for nonspatial information, functional magnetic resonance imaging was performed while subjects performed delayed recall for the orientation of individual stimuli. Stimulus location varied across trials, and although this information was irrelevant for task performance, multivariate pattern analysis decoding of stimulus location sustained across trials, and also the decoding strength, predicted the precision of the recall of orientation. The influence of spatial context on the representation of orientation was operationalized by comparing the orientation reconstructions with multivariate inverted encoding models (IEM) trained in location context-dependent vs. -independent data. Although orientation reconstructions were robust for both location-dependent and location-independent IEMs, they were markedly stronger for the former. Furthermore, the functional relevance of location context was demonstrated by the fact that only the location-dependent neural representations of stimulus orientation predicted recall precision. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Neural representation strength of stimulus location predicts the precision of visual short-term memory (VSTM) recall of nonspatial stimulus, even when this information is task irrelevant. Neural representations of nonspatial stimuli that incorporate location context are stronger than those that do not, and only the former representations are strongly linked to behavior. The contributions to nonspatial VSTM performance of the representation of location context are at least partly distinct from those of the representation of stimulus content.
Cerebral Ischemia in Patients on Direct Oral Anticoagulants
Authors: Macha Kosmas , Marsch Armin , Siedler Gabriela , Breuer Lorenz , Strasser Erwin F. , Engelhorn Tobias , Schwab Stefan , Kallmünzer Bernd 
Published: March 2019

Background and Purpose—
In patients with ischemic stroke on therapy with vitamin K antagonists, stroke severity and clinical course are affected by the quality of anticoagulation at the time of stroke onset, but clinical data for patients using direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are limited.

Methods—
Data from our registry including all patients admitted with acute cerebral ischemia while taking oral anticoagulants for atrial fibrillation between November 2014 and October 2017 were investigated. The activity of vitamin K antagonists was assessed using the international normalized ratio on admission and categorized according to a threshold of 1.7. DOAC plasma levels were measured using the calibrated Xa-activity (apixaban, rivaroxaban, and edoxaban) or the Hemoclot-assay (dabigatran) and categorized into low (<50 ng/mL), intermediate (50–100 ng/mL), or high (>100 ng/mL). Primary objective was the association between anticoagulant activity and clinical and imaging characteristics.

Results—

Four hundred sixty patients were included (49% on vitamin K antagonists and 51% on DOAC). Patients on vitamin K antagonists with low international normalized ratio values had higher scores on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and a higher risk of large vessel occlusion on admission. For patients on DOAC, plasma levels were available in 75.6% and found to be low in 49 (27.7%), intermediate in 41 (23.2%), and high in 87 patients (49.2%). Low plasma levels were associated with higher National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores on admission (low: 8 [interquartile range, 3–15] versus intermediate: 4 [1–11] versus high: 3 [0–8];
P
<0.001) and higher risk of persisting neurological deficits or cerebral infarction on imaging (85.7% versus 75.6% versus 54.0%;
P
<0.001). Low DOAC plasma levels were an independent predictor of large vessel occlusion (odds ratio, 3.84 [95% CI, 1.80–8.20];
P
=0.001).

Conclusions—
The activity of anticoagulation measured by specific DOAC plasma levels on admission is associated with stroke severity and presence of large vessel occlusion.
Pacification, Capital Accumulation, and Resistance in Settler Colonial Cities: The Cases of Jerusalem and Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Huberman Bruno , Nasser Reginaldo Mattar 
Published: March 2019

Approaching urban social conflicts in Brazil and in Palestine/Israel in terms of settler colonial theory allows the identification of the historical racist structures involved in the violent pacification of racialized native populations. Settler colonialism does not end with the declaration of independence but persists in the postcolonial context through the constant expropriation, extermination, confinement, and assimilation of racialized populations in the service of capitalist accumulation by settler elites. The cases of Jerusalem and Rio de Janeiro exemplify this process. Analisando conflitos urbanos sociais no Brasil e na Palestina com respeito à teoria de colonização permite a identificação das estruturas racistas históricas envolvidas na pacificação violenta de populações nativas. O colonialismo não termina com a declaração de independência. Ele persiste no contexto pós-colonial por meio de constantes expropriações, extermínio, encarceramento e assimilação das populações nativas. Tudo a serviço da acumulação capitalista das elites colonizadoras. Os casos de Jerusalém e Rio de Janeiro ilustram esse processo.
Developing vocational rehabilitation services for people with long-term neurological conditions: Identifying facilitators and barriers to service provision
Authors: Hayward Kate , Mateen Bilal A , Playford E Diane , Eva Gail 
Published: March 2019

Introduction This study aimed to understand existing vocational rehabilitation service provision in one locality in London (population 3.74 million), identify any gaps and explore reasons for this, to support service development. Method Using soft systems methodology to guide the research process, semi-structured interviews were completed with nine participants, who were clinicians and managers providing vocational rehabilitation within a National Health Service context. Data were analysed thematically to build a ‘rich picture’ and develop a conceptual model of vocational rehabilitation service delivery. Findings were then ratified with participants at an engagement event. Results The findings indicate a spectrum of vocational rehabilitation service provision for long-term neurological conditions with differing levels of funding in place. Vocational rehabilitation often takes place ‘under the radar’ and therefore the true vocational rehabilitation needs of this population, and the extent of service provision, is not known. There is inconsistency of understanding across the services as to what constitutes vocational rehabilitation and outcomes are not routinely measured. Conclusion For vocational rehabilitation services to develop they require appropriate funding, driven by government policy to commissioners. Clear definitions of vocational rehabilitation, collecting and sharing outcome data and effective communication across services are needed at a local level. This is expressed in a conceptual model of vocational rehabilitation service delivery.
Development of a claims-based algorithm to identify potentially undiagnosed chronic migraine patients
Authors: Pavlovic Jelena M , Yu Justin S , Silberstein Stephen D , Reed Michael L , Kawahara Steve H , Cowan Robert P , Dabbous Firas , Campbell Karen L , Shewale Anand R , Pulicharam Riya , Kowalski Jonathan W , Viswanathan Hema N , Lipton Richard B 
Published: March 2019

Objective To develop a claims-based algorithm to identify undiagnosed chronic migraine among patients enrolled in a healthcare system. Methods An observational study using claims and patient survey data was conducted in a large medical group. Eligible patients had an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth/Tenth Revision (ICD-9/10) migraine diagnosis, without a chronic migraine diagnosis, in the 12 months before screening and did not have a migraine-related onabotulinumtoxinA claim in the 12 months before enrollment. Trained clinicians administered a semi-structured diagnostic interview, which served as the gold standard to diagnose chronic migraine, to enrolled patients. Potential claims-based predictors of chronic migraine that differentiated semi-structured diagnostic interview-positive (chronic migraine) and semi-structured diagnostic interview-negative (non-chronic migraine) patients were identified in bivariate analyses for inclusion in a logistic regression model. Results The final sample included 108 patients (chronic migraine = 64; non-chronic migraine = 44). Four significant predictors for chronic migraine were identified using claims in the 12 months before enrollment: ≥15 versus <15 claims for acute treatment of migraine, including opioids (odds ratio = 5.87 [95% confidence interval: 1.34–25.63]); ≥24 versus <24 healthcare visits (odds ratio = 2.80 [confidence interval: 1.08–7.25]); female versus male sex (odds ratio = 9.17 [confidence interval: 1.26–66.50); claims for ≥2 versus 0 unique migraine preventive classes (odds ratio = 4.39 [confidence interval: 1.19–16.22]). Model sensitivity was 78.1%; specificity was 72.7%. Conclusions The claims-based algorithm identified undiagnosed chronic migraine with sufficient sensitivity and specificity to have potential utility as a chronic migraine case-finding tool using health claims data. Research to further validate the algorithm is recommended.
3D Biometrics for Hindfoot Alignment Using Weightbearing Computed Tomography
Authors: Zhang Jian Zhong , Lintz François , Bernasconi Alessio ,   the Weight Bearing CT International Study Group, Zhang Shu 
Published: March 2019

Background: Weightbearing computed tomography (WBCT) is a useful tool for the assessment of hindfoot alignment (HA). Foot ankle offset (FAO) is a recently introduced parameter, determined from WBCT images using semiautomatic software. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical relevance and reproducibility of FAO for the evaluation of HA. Methods: A prospective comparative study was performed on consecutive patients requiring bilateral WBCT between September 2017 and April 2018. Based on the clinical assessment of HA, patients were divided into 3 groups: (1) normal alignment group (G1), (2) valgus (G2), and (3) varus (G3). FAO and long axial view (HACT) were measured on WBCT images, and the groups were compared. The reproducibility of FAO and HACT was determined through intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Regression analysis was performed to investigate the correlation between the 2 methods. Overall, 249 feet (126 patients) were included (G1 = 115, G2 = 78, and G3 = 56 feet). Results: The mean values for FAO and HACT were 1.2% ± 2.8% and 3.9 ± 3.1, respectively, in G1; 8.1% ± 3.7% and 9.7 ± 4.9 in G2; and −6.6% ± 4.8% and −8.2 ± 6.6 in G3. Intra- and interobserver reliability was 0.987 and 0.988 for FAO and 0.949 and 0.949 for HACT, respectively. There was a good linear correlation between HACT and FAO ( R2 = 0.744), with a regression slope of 1.064. Conclusions: WBCT was a useful method for the characterization of HA. FAO was reproducible and correlated well with physical examination. Level of Evidence: Level II, prospective comparative study.
Late fracture of Groshong ports: A report of the three cases
Authors: Saijo Fumito , Mutoh Mitsuhisa , Tokumine Joho , Yoshinobu Odaka , Hama Hikaru , Namima Takashige , Shibahara Mii , Tokumura Hiromi 
Published: March 2019

Background: Totally implantable venous access devices are valuable tools for total parenteral nutrition, chemotherapy, and long-term intravenous therapy. However, late catheter fracture is a well-known complication of totally implantable venous access device, particularly in Groshong silicone catheter. Recently, a specific type of totally implantable venous access device made with Groshong silicone has been introduced to facilitate power injection of contrast medium for enhanced computed tomography. Cases description: We reported three cases of catheter fracture in power-injectable Groshong silicone totally implantable venous access device. From May 2012 to August 2014, 66 patients underwent power-injectable Groshong silicone totally implantable venous access device implantation at our institution, with a median follow-up of 20.1 (range 0.2–58.1) months. The catheters in all patients were inserted into the internal jugular vein under ultrasound guidance and were connected to the port implanted in the upper chest through the subcutaneous tunnel. Chemotherapy was administered using these routes. Fractures of all three cases specifically showed a torn catheter section: smooth surface on one side, and a rough edge on the other side of the catheter, suggesting that long-term repeated stretch force may be related with the mechanism of fracture. Conclusion: Totally implantable venous access devices with Groshong silicone catheters, if inserted via the internal jugular vein, have a potential risk for late catheter fracture.
Identification of CD37, cystatin A, and IL-23A gene expression in association with brain metastasis: analysis of a prospective trial
Authors: Dohm Ammoren , Su Jing , McTyre Emory R. , Taylor James M. , Miller Lance D. , Petty W. Jeffrey , Xing Fei , Lo Hui-Wen , Metheny-Barlow Linda J. , O’Neill Stacey , Bellinger Christina , Dotson Travis , Pasche Boris , Watabe Kounosuke , Chan Michael D. , Ruiz Jimmy 
Published: March 2019

Purpose/Objectives: We aimed to assess the predictive value of a lung cancer gene panel for the development of brain metastases. Materials/Methods: Between 2011 and 2015, 102 patients with lung cancer were prospectively enrolled in a clinical trial in which a diagnostic fine-needle aspirate was obtained. Gene expression was conducted on all samples that rendered a diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Subsequent retrospective analysis of brain metastases-related outcomes was performed by reviewing patient electronic medical records. A competing risk multivariable regression was performed to estimate the adjusted hazard ratio for the development of brain metastases and non-brain metastases from NSCLC. Results: A total of 49 of 102 patients had died by the last follow-up. Median time of follow-up was 13 months (range 0.23–67 months). A total of 17 patients developed brain metastases. Median survival time after diagnosis of brain metastases was 3.58 months (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.17, not available). A total of 30 patients developed metastases without any evidence of brain metastases until the time of death or last follow-up. Competing risk analysis identified three genes that were downregulated differentially in the patients with brain metastases versus non-brain metastatic disease: CD37 (0.017), cystatin A (0.022), and IL-23A (0.027). Other factors associated with brain metastases include: stage T ( P ⩽ 8.3e-6) and stage N ( P= 6.8e-4). Conclusions: We have identified three genes, CD37, cystatin A, and IL-23A, for which downregulation of gene expression was associated with a greater propensity for developing brain metastases. Validation of these biomarkers could have implications on surveillance patterns in patients with brain metastases from NSCLC.