bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ASSESSMENT OF CLINICAL PRESENTATION OF ABDOMINAL AORTIC ANEURISM
Authors: Boiko V. , Buchneva O. , Shafer Ya. , Pisklova Yu. , Krylova A. 
Published: June 2019

Boyko V., Buchneva O. Shafer Ya., Pisklova Yu., Krylova O.To date, vascular disease rank first (more than 50%) among the causes of mortality in Ukraine. Atherosclerotic vascular involvement, being the most frequent etiological factor of abdominal aortic aneurysm, in the absence of timely diagnosis and treatment, causes severe complications, early disability and death. Clinical and functional diversity of abdominal aortic aneurysm causes difficulties in diagnosing, defining different therapeutic approaches, methods of operation and protection of visceral organs and spinal cord. The article analyzes various clinical manifestations of abdominal aortic aneurysms in 264 patients who underwent surgical treatment at the State Facility V.T Zaytsev Institute of General and Urgent Surgery from 2010 to 2018.Key words:a bdominal aortic aneurysm, rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysm РезюмеАНАЛІЗ КЛІНІЧНОГО ПЕРЕБІГУ АНЕВРИЗМ ЧЕРЕВНОГО ВІДДІЛУ АОРТИБойко В., Бучнєва О., Шафер Я., Пісклова Ю., Крилова О.На сьогоднішній деньзахворювання судин займають перше місце (більше 50%) серед причин смертності в Україні. Атеросклеротичнеураженнясудин, будучи найбільш частим етіологічним фактороманевризм черевного відділу аорти, за відсутності своєчасної діагностики і лікування викликає важкі ускладнення, ранню інвалідизацію і смерть. Клінічне і функціональне різноманіття аневризм черевної аорти викликає труднощі в діагностиці, визначає різну тактику лікування, способи операції тазахисту внутрішніх органів і спинного мозку. У статті проаналізовані різноманітні клінічні презентації аневризм черевного відділу аорти у 264 пацієнтів, яким було проведено хірургічне лікування на базі ДУ "ІЗНХ ім.В. Т.Зайцева" з 2010 по 2018 рік. Ключові слова: аневризма черевної аорти, розрив аневризми черевної аорти РезюмеАНАЛИЗ КЛИНИЧЕСКОГО ТЕЧЕНИЯ АНЕВРИЗМ БРЮШНОГО ОТДЕЛА АОРТЫБойко В., Бучнева О., Шафер Я., Писклова Ю., Крылова А.На сегодняшний день заболевания сосудов занимают первое место (более 50%) среди причин смертности в Украине. Атеросклеротическом поражении сосудов, являясь наиболее частым этиологическим фактором аневризм брюшного отдела аорты, при отсутствии своевременной диагностики и лечения вызывает тяжелые осложнения, раннюю инвалидизацию и смерть. Клиническое и функциональное многообразие аневризм брюшной аорты вызывает трудности в диагностике, определяет разную тактику лечения, способы операции и защиты внутренних органов и спинного мозга. В статье проанализированы разнообразные клинические презентации аневризм брюшного отдела аорты у 264 пациентов, которым было проведено хирургическое лечение на базе ДУ "ІЗНХ ім.В. Т.Зайцева" с 2010 по 2018 год.Ключевые слова: аневризма брюшной аорты, разрыв аневризмы брюшной аорты
Effects of a Clinical Practicum Using Flipped Learning Among Undergraduate Nursing Students
Authors: Im Sookbin , Jang Sun Joo 
Published: June 2019

Background:
The need for student-centered teaching methods is increasing. Therefore, this study aimed to verify the effectiveness of the flipped learning method when applied to a mental health nursing practicum using a retrospective research design.

Method:
The effectiveness of these teaching methods was assessed by collecting and comparing data on the core competencies and academic progress of two groups of 70 undergraduate nursing students in South Korea. The flipped learning group watched lecture modules before a conference and then engaged in in-conference activities such as debates, simulations, and role-plays. The traditional learning group was instructed through conventional methods and then participated in similar activities.

Results:
The flipped learning group demonstrated greater academic progress and showed a significant increase in core competencies.

Conclusion:

The flipped learning method was more effective for improving academic progress and core competencies in a practicum for undergraduate nursing students.

[
J Nurs Educ.
2019;58(6):354–356.]
Antimicrobial resistance, virulence & plasmid profiles among clinical isolates of Shigella serogroups
Authors: Sethuvel Dhiviya Prabaa Muthuirulandi , Perumalla Susmitha , Anandan Shalini , Michael Joy Sarojini , Ragupathi Naveen Kumar Devanga , Gajendran Revathi , Walia Kamini , Veeraraghavan Balaji 
Published: June 2019

Background & objectives:
Bacillary dysentery caused by Shigella spp. remains an important cause of the crisis in low-income countries. It has been observed that Shigella species have become increasingly resistant to most widely used antimicrobials. In this study, the antimicrobial resistance, virulence and plasmid profile of clinical isolates of Shigella species were determined.

Methods:
Sixty clinical Shigella isolates were subjected to whole-genome sequencing using Ion Torrent platform and the genome sequences were analyzed for the presence of acquired resistance genes, virulence genes and plasmids using web-based software tools.

Results:
Genome analysis revealed more resistance genes in Shigella flexneri than in other serogroups. Among β-lactamases, bla
OXA-1 was predominantly seen followed by the bla
TEM-1B and bla
EC genes. For quinolone resistance, the qnrS gene was widely seen. Novel mutations in gyrB, parC and parE genes were observed. Cephalosporins resistance gene, bla
CTX-M-15 was identified and plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamases genes were found among the isolates. Further, a co-trimoxazole resistance gene was identified in most of the isolates studied. Virulence genes such as ipaD, ipaH, virF, senB, iha, capU, lpfA, sigA, pic, sepA, celb and gad were identified. Plasmid analysis revealed that the IncFII was the most commonly seen plasmid type in the isolates.

Interpretation & conclusions:
The presence of quinolone and cephalosporin resistance genes in Shigella serogroups has serious implications for the further spread of this resistance to other enteric pathogens or commensal organisms. This suggests the need for continuous surveillance to understand the epidemiology of the resistance.
Antibiotic-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in healthy gut flora
Authors: Gupta Madhu , Didwal Gunjan , Bansal Shruti , Kaushal Kanica , Batra Nitya , Gautam Vikas , Ray Pallab 
Published: June 2019

Background & objectives:
Rampant use of β-lactam antibiotics in both community and hospitals has transformed the human healthy intestinal gut flora into a reservoir of antibiotic-resistant organisms. This study was conducted to find the faecal presence of antibiotic-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in faecal samples in the community in north India.

Methods:
In this prospective study, 207 stool samples were collected from apparently healthy individuals residing in a semiurban community in Chandigarh, India, from August to October, 2015. Isolates belonging to family Enterobacteriaceae were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), and antibiotic susceptibility was determined using Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute disc diffusion method. Detection of extended spectrum β-lactamases (TEM, SHV, OXA-1, CTXM 1, CTXM 2, CTXM 9 and CTXM 8/25), carbapenemases (IMP, VIM and KPC) and New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase was done by multiplex PCR.

Results:
Of the population studied, 55.5 per cent were females and 60 per cent were illiterate or had only primary education; 43.4 per cent individuals were aged <20 yr. Overall, 70.5 per cent of stool samples had antibiotic-resistant isolates. Maximum resistance was seen for cephalosporins (60.4%) followed by fluoroquinolones (41.5%). The multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates were 2.4 per cent. The most commonly detected genes were TEM, SHV, OXA-1, CTXM-1, CTXM-2, CTXM-9 and CTXM-8/25 β-lactamases. Escherichia coli was the most common resistant isolate, and TEM was the most common gene detected.

Interpretation & conclusions:
Overall, 70.5 per cent members of Enterobacteriaceae had antibiotic resistance in the community and 2.4 per cent were MDR. Higher resistance rates were observed for most commonly used drugs such as cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones. High rate of antibiotic-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in gut of healthy individuals points towards the need for active screening and prevention of dissemination.
Susceptibility profile, resistance mechanisms & efficacy ratios of fosfomycin, nitrofurantoin & colistin for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae causing urinary tract infections
Authors: Amladi Anushree Ulhas , Abirami Baby , Devi S. Manjula , Sudarsanam Thambu David , Kandasamy Subramani , Kekre Nitin , Veeraraghavan Balaji , Sahni Rani Diana 
Published: June 2019

Background & objectives:
The escalation in carbapenem resistance among Enterobacteriaceae has resulted in a lack of effective therapeutic alternatives. Older antimicrobials, fosfomycin, nitrofurantoin and colistin for urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) may be effective treatment options. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the utility of fosfomycin, nitrofurantoin and colistin in treating UTI caused by CRE and molecular characterization of the plasmid-mediated carbapenem resistance mechanisms.

Methods:
Consecutive, non-duplicate isolates of CR Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. from urine cultures were included (n=150). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were determined by E-test (fosfomycin and nitrofurantoin) and broth microdilution (colistin). Efficacy ratios were derived by dividing susceptibility breakpoints by observed MIC values of the drugs for the isolates. Isolates were screened for genes coding for carbapenemases using multiplex PCR. Fosfomycin, nitrofurantoin and colistin-resistant isolates were screened for plasmid-borne resistance genes fosA3, oqxAB and mcr-1, respectively using PCR.

Results:
Among E. coli, 98.9, 56 and 95 per cent isolates were susceptible to fosfomycin, nitrofurantoin and colistin, respectively, while 94 and 85 per cent of Klebsiella spp. were susceptible to fosfomycin and colistin, respectively. The efficacy ratios indicated fosfomycin as the drug of choice for UTI caused by CR E. coli and Klebsiella spp., followed by colistin. The bla
NDM gene was most common, followed by bla
OXA48-like. Plasmid-borne genes encoding resistance to fosfomycin, nitrofurantoin and colistin were absent.

Interpretation & conclusions:
With increasing resistance against the current treatment options, older drugs may emerge as effective options. Molecular screening of resistant isolates is essential to prevent the spread of plasmid-borne resistance against these drugs.
Molecular characterization of colistin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae & its clonal relationship among Indian isolates
Authors: Shankar Chaitra , Venkatesan Manigandan , Rajan Ranjani , Mani Deepa , Lal Binesh , Prakash John Antony Jude , Anandan Shalini , Pragasam Agila Kumari , Walia Kamini , Ohri V.C. , Veeraraghavan Balaji 
Published: June 2019

Background & objectives:

Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP), a common cause of invasive infections, is often extensively drug resistant in India. At present, studies on resistance mechanism and clonal relationship of KP from India are limited. The present study was undertaken to determine the resistance mechanism and clonal relationship of colistin-resistant isolates obtained from various specimens. Carbapenemases were also determined since the isolates were carbapenem resistant.

Methods:
Sixty five isolates from blood, exudates and respiratory specimens collected between 2016 and 2017 were studied. Colistin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was performed by broth-micro dilution method. Multiplex PCR was carried out to determine carbapenemases. Targeted sequencing was performed to determine mutations in mgrB, phoP, phoQ and multilocus sequence typing was performed to determine the prevalent clones.

Results:
Colistin MIC ranged from 4 to 256 μg/ml. SHV, TEM and CTX-M were co-produced in 60 per cent and OXA48-like in 71 per cent. Thirteen isolates had mutations in mgrB. Mutations included a premature stop codon at 21st amino acid, the presence of insertion sequences such as IS903, ISKpn14 and ISKpn26; and elongation of mgrB. Novel mutations were also observed among phoP and phoQ genes. Colistin resistance due to mcr genes was absent. Fifteen clonal types were seen with ST231, ST14 and ST2096 being predominant.

Interpretation & conclusions:
This study revealed the changing trend of carbapenem resistance mechanism predominantly to OXA48-like from NDM. Known mgrB mutations and novel mutations in phoP and phoQ were detected. There was no plasmid-mediated colistin resistance. ST14 and ST231 were international clones associated with carbapenem resistance. Colistin-resistant KP was of diverse clones with predominantly ST231, ST14 and ST2096.
Investigating on the effect of freezing in different time periods on the chemical and qualitative changes of fish (Giant trevally)
Authors: Aberoumand Ali , Ayoubi Saladin 
Published: June 2019

Changes in proximate composition of the Giant trevally were carried out for 0 days, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, 28 days and 35 days at a freezing temperature. The moisture, ash, protein and fat contents were measured using standard methods. Based on obtained results, moisture content was decreased during different periods of freezing and its amount in fresh fish before freezing was (74.72%) that were decreased to 73.5%, 71.74%, 70.4%, 69.06% and 67.72%, respectively for 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days of freezing. The fat content in the fresh fish before freezing was (8.13%) that were decreased to 7.02% and 5.93%, and 5.33%, and 4.73%, and 4.13%, respectively, at 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 days of freezing, respectively. The amount of protein in the fresh fish before freezing was (20.02%) that were decreased to 18.23% and 16.99%, and 15.75%, 14.51% and 13.27%, at 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days of freezing, respectively. Ash content in fresh fish before freezing was (1.21%) that decreased to 1%, 0.82% and 0.70%, and 0.58% and 0.46%, during 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days of freezing, respectively. it can be concluded that the best quality of frozen fish was obtained between 14 to 7 days of freezing.
n. 18 - FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES NO PLANO NACIONAL E ESTADUAL DE EDUCAÇÃO: REFLEXÕES NECESSÁRIAS
Authors: Vassoler Márcia Cecília 
Published: June 2019

A formação de professores, no Brasil, têm sido um dos principais temas de discussão no âmbito educacional, sendo esta temática vista como um dos desafios a serem superados, pois a formação torna-se um elemento fundante de uma educação de qualidade. Frente a importância da formação de professores, destaca-se o Plano Nacional de Educação - PNE, Lei Nº 13.005/2014, o qual apresenta diretrizes, metas e estratégias que abrangem todos os níveis, etapas e modalidades da educação nacional. Estas, tornam-se um instrumento balizador do sistema educacional, sinalizando a possibilidade de qualidade na educação. A partir do sinalizado o presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar as metas do PNE (2014-2024), a qual trata da formação de professores. Alinhado à este movimento apresenta-se levantamento prévio de como se encontra a materialização da meta 15 no estado de Santa Catarina. De abordagem qualitativa, foi utilizada a análise documental, tendo como corpus de análise o Plano Nacional de Educação- PNE (2014-2024), o Plano Estadual de Educação de Santa Catarina (2015-2024), os quais foram relacionados com trabalhos desenvolvidos por Freitas (2014); Saviani (2011), dentre outros. Por meio das reflexões realizadas compreende-se que a inconsistência entre os planos educacionais e o que realmente ocorre na prática põem-se em cheque o cumprimento das Metas do Plano Nacional de Educação(2014-2024), no que tange a formação docente, emergindo os velhos e conhecidos problemas do cumprimento das políticas públicas educacionais.
Finger and stylus discrimination scheme based on capacitive touch screen panel and support vector machine classifier
Authors: Seol Ki-Hyuk , Park Seungjun , Song Seok-Jeong , Nam Hyoungsik 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This paper demonstrates a support vector machine (SVM) based capacitive touch screen scheme that can discriminate stylus and finger at the same time. The tip of a stylus provides pulses at the higher frequency than the transmitting (Tx) pulse of a touch screen. Then the digital value acquired from an analog-to-digital converter is transferred to an SVM classifier to make the decision of which touch is applied among no-touch, finger-touch, and stylus-touch. Three types of touches are processed on the SVM algorithm. The proposed method is evaluated by means of an 8 inch capacitive touch panel, connector board, Tx/Rx driver board, and host processor board. While Tx pulses are applied at 5 V and 32 kHz that lead to the 200 Hz reporting rate, stylus pulses are produced at 3 V and 315 kHz. The resultant bit error rate is measured as less than 10−6 for all types of touches.
Adult Work Ability Following Diagnosis of Bacterial Meningitis in Childhood
Authors: Mohanty Salini , Johansson Kostenniemi Urban , Silfverdal Sven Arne , Salomonsson Stina , Iovino Federico , Bencina Goran , Tsoumani Eleana , Bruze Gustaf 
Published: December 2024

ImportanceA diagnosis of bacterial meningitis in childhood can lead to permanent neurological disabilities. Few studies have examined long-term consequences for work ability in adulthood.ObjectiveTo compare earnings, work loss, and educational attainment between adults diagnosed with bacterial meningitis in childhood and population comparators.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis nationwide registry-based matched cohort study included individuals in Sweden diagnosed with bacterial meningitis in childhood (aged &amp;lt;18 years) from January 1, 1987, to December 31, 2019, and general population comparators matched 1:9 on age, sex, and place of residence. Follow-up was completed December 31, 2020. Data were analyzed from February 7 to September 12, 2023.ExposureA diagnosis of bacterial meningitis in childhood recorded in the National Patient Register.Main Outcomes and MeasuresAnnual taxable earnings (in 2020 US dollars), work loss (sum of sick leave and disability insurance), and educational attainment.ResultsThe cohort included 2534 individuals diagnosed with bacterial meningitis in childhood (mean [SD] age at diagnosis, 4.7 [5.3] years) and 22 806 comparators (13 510 [53.3%] male). Among those with childhood bacterial meningitis, 812 (32.0%) were diagnosed at younger than 1 year and 1351 (53.3%) were male. From 18 to 34 years of age, those with childhood meningitis had lower adjusted earnings relative to comparators and higher adjusted work loss. When pooling observations for individuals 28 years or older, the annual mean reduction in earnings was −$1295 (95% CI, −$2587 to −$4), representing a 4.0% (95% CI, 0%-8.0%) reduction relative to comparators, and the annual increase in work loss was 13.5 (95% CI, 8.6-18.5) days. There was a larger reduction in earnings for those with childhood meningitis relative to comparators with pneumococcal (Streptococcus pneumoniae) vs meningococcal (Neisseria meningitidis) meningitis. For work loss, there was a difference among all 3 major causes of meningitis, with the largest increase for pneumococcal meningitis. Individuals diagnosed at a younger age (below the median) had lower earnings relative to comparators and higher work loss than individuals diagnosed at an older age (above the median). Fewer individuals with childhood meningitis relative to comparators had obtained a high school degree at age 30 years (adjusted odds ratio, 0.68 [95% CI, 0.56-0.81]).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of adults diagnosed with bacterial meningitis in childhood, findings suggest that work ability decreases relative to population comparators, with lower earnings and higher work loss, especially among adults diagnosed with pneumococcal meningitis or diagnosed at a young age, with long-lasting costs for the individual patient and society at large.
Age at First Fracture and Later Fracture Risk in Older Adults Undergoing Osteoporosis Assessment
Authors: Ye Carrie , Morin Suzanne N. , Lix Lisa M. , McCloskey Eugene V. , Johansson Helena , Harvey Nicholas C. , Kanis John A. , Leslie William D. 
Published: December 2024

ImportanceFragility fractures are often defined as those that occur after a certain age (eg, 40-50 years). Whether fractures occurring in early adulthood are equally associated with future fractures is unclear.ObjectiveTo examine whether the age at which a prior fracture occurred is associated with future fracture risk.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis observational, population-based cohort study included individuals from the Manitoba Bone Mineral Density Registry with a first bone mineral density (BMD) measurement between January 1, 1996, and March 31, 2018, with and without prior fracture in adulthood. Data analysis was completed between April 1, and May 31, 2023.ExposureIndividuals with fractures before their first dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry were stratified by the age at first fracture (10-year intervals from 20-29 to ≥80 years of age).Main Outcomes and MeasuresIncident fractures occurring after dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (index date) and before March 31, 2021, were identified using linked provincial administrative health data.ResultsThe cohort included 88 696 individuals (80 066 [90.3%] female; mean [SD] age, 64.6 [11.0] years) with a mean (SD) femoral neck T score of −1.4 (1.0). A total of 21 105 individuals (23.8%) had sustained a prior fracture at a mean (SD) age of 57.7 (13.6) years (range, 20.0-102.4 years) at the time of first prior fracture. During a mean (SD) of 9.0 (5.5) years of follow-up, incident fractures occurred in 13 239 individuals (14.6%), including 12 425 osteoporotic fractures (14.0%), 9440 major osteoporotic fractures (MOFs) (10.6%), and 3068 hip fractures (3.5%). The sex- and age-adjusted hazard ratios for all incident fractures, osteoporotic fractures, and MOFs, according to age at first fracture, were all significantly elevated, with point estimates ranging from 1.55 (95% CI, 1.28-1.88) to 4.07 (95% CI, 2.99-5.52). After adjusting for the additional covariates, the effect estimates were similar and remained significantly elevated, with point estimates ranging from fully adjusted hazard ratios of 1.51 (95% CI, 1.42-1.60) to 2.12 (95% CI, 1.67-2.71) across age categories. Sensitivity analyses examining age at last prior fracture and in those with multiple prior fractures showed similar results.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study, fractures in adulthood were associated with future fractures regardless of the age at which they occurred. Thus, fractures in early adulthood should not be excluded when assessing an individual’s ongoing fracture risk.