bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using Smart Nanochannels as a Power Switch in Salinity Gradient Batteries
Authors: Fu Lulu , Jiang Jiaqiao , Lu Bingxin , Xu Yanglei , Zhai Jin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAlthough biomimetic smart gating nanochannels have been explored extensively, research on practical applications of these systems is scarce. Here, we demonstrated an engineered track‐etched asymmetric porous polyethylene terephthalate (PET) membrane modified with redox‐active Cytochrome C (Cyt C), which served as a gatekeeper due to its redox‐responsive character and excellent anion selectivity. Due to the anion‐selectivity of the membrane, we further applied it in an energy conversion device to capture the electric power from a salinity gradient. In addition, its redox‐responsive property was utilized to realize the function of power switch in concentration cell, which is capable of out‐power density conversion from 0.24 W/m2 to 0.86 W/m2 reversibly. In addition, a theoretical model based on the Poisson and Nernst‐Planck equations has been employed to simulate and explain the experimental data and illustrate the mechanism of the ionic transport process. This work presents an important paradigm for the application of stimuli‐responsive nanochannels in salinity gradient energy conversion areas and opens new and promising routes in the fields of drug delivery and bioscience.
Unprecedented Halide‐Ion Binding and Catalytic Activity of Nanoscale Anionic Metal Oxide Clusters
Authors: She Shan , Li Mu , Li Qi , Huang Zehuan , Wei Yongge , Yin Panchao 
Published: July 2019

AbstractOne halide ion (X−) can bind on the surface of nanoscale Anderson‐type polyoxometalate (POMs) clusters [(n‐C4H9)4N]3{AlMo6O18(OH)3[(OCH2)3CCH3]}, and form stable complexes in solution with binding constant K=1.53×103. Single‐crystal structural analysis showed that this binding behavior occurs through multiple hydrogen bonding between X− and three hydroxy groups on the uncapped side of the cluster. This supramolecular interaction in the cluster systems means that their catalytic activities, evaluated from the oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes, can be switched upon the introduction of halide ions and water molecules. The halide ions work as inhibitors by blocking the active sites of the clusters while they can be re‐activated by the addition of water.
A Chiral Bis‐Naphthylated Tetrandrine Dibromide: Synthesis, Self‐Assembly into an Organic Framework Based On Nanosized Spherical Cages, and Inclusion Studies
Authors: Escobar‐Picos Raymundo , Vasquez‐Ríos María G. , Sotelo‐Mundo Rogerio R. , Jancik Vojtech , Martínez‐Otero Diego , Calvillo‐Páez Viviana , Höpfl Herbert , Ochoa Lara Karen 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCrystalline framework materials have gained interest because of their many potential applications. A novel chiral tetrandrine salt (DNT) has been synthesized and characterized by conventional analytical techniques and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis, and its self‐assembly behavior studied. In the solid state, 48 molecules of the compound self‐assemble into an organic framework based on nanospherical aggregates formed exclusively through weak noncovalent interactions. Additionally, it was demonstrated by UV‐vis spectroscopy and TGA that assembled DNT can include the Nile Red dye, giving a fluorescent material. To the best of our knowledge, these spherical assemblies are the largest among the purely synthetic organic self‐assembled molecular crystals reported to date.
Fused Pyrazine‐ and Carbazole‐Containing Azaacenes: Synthesis and Properties
Authors: Liao Hailiang , Xiao Chengyi , Ravva Mahesh Kumar , Yao Liping , Yu Yaping , Yang Yinghe , Zhang Weimin , Zhang Lei , Li Zhengke , McCulloch Iain , Yue Wan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA new family of azaacenes has been designed and synthesized by incorporating the electron‐withdrawing sp2‐hybridized nitrogen of pyrazine and electron‐donating nitrogen of carbazole in a molecular skeleton. Two different conjugated lengths of 8‐ring aza‐nonacene and 10‐ring aza‐undecene have been achieved by an efficient condensation reaction. The unique optoelectronic properties of these molecules were investigated using both experimental and theoretical techniques. The azaacenes show visible‐region absorption and near‐infrared (NIR) fluorescence. These compounds can serve as hole‐transport semiconductors for solution‐processed organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs). Single‐crystal transistor devices of one of the aza‐nonacenes exhibit hole charge transport behavior with a hole mobility of 0.07 cm2/Vs and an on/off current ratio of 1.3x106.
Variability of slot size in orthodontic brackets
Authors: Lefebvre Clémentine , Saadaoui Hassan , Olive Jean‐Marc , Renaudin Stéphane , Jordana Fabienne 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe accuracy of the information incorporated into brackets is a determining factor for the efficacy of torque applied to teeth. The aim of this study was to compare the dimensions of a bracket's slots with the nominal values announced by the manufacturer.Materials and methodsA total of 730 maxillary right central brackets manufactured by seven companies (Dentsply Gac, American Orthodontics, Rocky Mountain Orthodontics, GC Orthodontics, 3M Unitek, and Dentaurum) were studied. The sample included 0.018 × 0.025 and 0.022 × 0.028 in., metal and ceramic, conventional and self‐ligating brackets. Images were obtained with an Olympus BX51 optical microscope. Slot dimensions were measured at the base and at the face on both mesial and distal sides using ImageJ software. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon, sign tests, two‐ and three‐way ANOVA, and Tukey's tests. Intraclass correlation coefficient was employed to assess the intraobserver and interobserver variability. The threshold for statistical significance wasp≤ .05.ResultsStatistical analysis showed that the slot dimensions of 90% to 97% of studied brackets were significantly different from nominal values. In general, slot size was oversized, with a face size larger than the base size. Comparison between mesial and distal sides showed that up to 45% of the brackets were significantly asymmetrical. The manufacturer had a significant effect for base and face widths (p= .0001) and for length (p= .003).ConclusionThis study shows that a large proportion of measured brackets displays dimensional inaccuracies when compared with stated values. Clinically, the slot oversize and the divergence of slot walls cause an increase of wire‐slot play, inducing a loss of torque control. Practitioners cannot fully trust the precision of used appliances and should be aware that adjustments could be needed in the finishing stages of the treatment.
Casting a broader net: Using microfluidic metagenomics to capture aquatic biodiversity data from diverse taxonomic targets
Authors: Hauck Laura L. , Weitemier Kevin A. , Penaluna Brooke E. , Garcia Tiffany S. , Cronn Richard 
Published: July 2019

AbstractEnvironmental DNA (eDNA) assays for single‐ and multi‐species detection show promise for providing standardized assessment methods for diverse taxa, but techniques for evaluating multiple taxonomically divergent assemblages are in their infancy. We evaluated whether microfluidic multiplex metabarcoding on the Fluidigm Access Array™ platform and high‐throughput sequencing could identify diverse stream and riparian assemblages from 48 taxon‐general and taxon‐specific metabarcode primers. eDNA screening was paired with electrofishing along a stream continuum to evaluate congruence between methods. A fish hatchery located midway along the stream continuum provided a dispersal barrier, and a point source for non‐native White Sturgeon (Acipencer transmontanus). Microfluidic metabarcoding had 87% accuracy with respect to electrofishing and detected all 13 species electrofishing observed. Taxon‐specific barcoding primers were more successful than taxon‐general universal metabarcoding primers at classifying sequences to species. Both types of markers detected a transition from downstream sites dominated by multiple fish species, to upstream sites dominated by a single species; however, we failed to detect a complementary transition in amphibian occupancy. White Sturgeon was only detected at the hatchery outflow, indicating eDNA transport was not detectable ~2.4 km from its source. Overall, we identified 878 predicted taxa. Most sequences (50.1%) derived from fish (Actinopteri, Petromyzontidae), oomycetes (21.3%), arthropoda (classes Insecta, Decapoda; 16.5%), and apicomplexan parasites (3.8%). Taxa accounting for ~1% or less of sequences included freshwater red algae, diatoms, amphibians, and beaver. Our work shows that microfluidic metabarcoding can survey multiple phyla per assay, providing fine discrimination required to resolve closely related species, and enable data‐driven prioritization for multiple forest health objectives.
Hyperspectral imaging of common foodborne pathogens for rapid identification and differentiation
Authors: Michael Minto , Phebus Randall K. , Amamcharla Jayendra 
Published: July 2019

AbstractHyperspectral imaging (HSI) provides both spatial and spectral information of a sample by combining imaging with spectroscopy. The objective of this study was to generate hyperspectral graphs of common foodborne pathogens and to develop and validate prediction models for the classification of these pathogens. Four strains of Cronobacter sakazakii, five strains of Salmonella spp., eight strains of Escherichia coli, and one strain each of Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus were used in the study. Principal component analysis and kNN (k‐nearest neighbor) classifier model were used for the classification of hyperspectra of various bacterial cells, which were then validated using the cross‐validation technique. Classification accuracy of various strains within genera including C. sakazakii, Salmonella spp., and E. coli, respectively, was 100%; except within C. sakazakii, strain BAA‐894, and E. coli, strains O26, O45, and O121 had 66.67% accuracy. When all strains were studied together (irrespective of their genus) for the classification, only C. sakazakii P1, E. coli O104, O111, and O145, S. Montevideo, and L. monocytogenes had 100% classification accuracy, whereas E. coli O45 and S. Tennessee were not classified (classification accuracy of 0%). Lauric arginate treatment of C. sakazakii BAA‐894, E. coli O157, S. Senftenberg, L. monocytogenes, and S. aureus significantly affected their hyperspectral signatures, and treated cells could be differentiated from the healthy, nontreated cells.
Timing of surgery and adjuvant radiation therapy for sinonasal malignancies: Effect of surgical approach
Authors: Xiao Roy , Joshi Rohan R. , Husain Qasim , Cracchiolo Jennifer R. , Lee Nancy , Tsai Jillian , Yu Yao , Chen Linda , Kang Jung J. , McBride Sean , Riaz Nadeem , Roman Benjamin R. , Ganly Ian , Tabar Viviane , Gray Stacey T. , Cohen Marc A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundTimely postoperative radiation therapy (RT) within 50 days of surgery for head and neck cancers provides a survival advantage.MethodsUsing the National Cancer Database, we performed a propensity score‐matched analysis comparing patients undergoing open or endoscopic surgery for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses from 2010 to 2015.ResultsAmong 168 pairs, patients undergoing endoscopic surgery had shorter time to surgery (24.2 vs 36.7 days, P < .001) and shorter postoperative time to RT (PTTR, 51.2 vs 58.4 days, P = .02). On multivariable linear regression, endoscopic surgery predicted shorter PTTR (β = −7.6, P = .01). Using the Kaplan‐Meier method, patients in the longest PTTR quartile had decreased overall survival (OS; Q1 vs Q4, 3‐year OS 76.5% vs 53.3%, P = .007), a durable finding when adjusted for covariates (Q1 vs Q4, HR 0.50, P = .008).ConclusionsPatients undergoing endoscopic surgery for sinonasal SCC experience shorter PTTR. Shorter PTTR is associated with extended OS.
Diabetes, its risk factors and readiness to change lifestyle behaviours among Australian Samoans living in Sydney: Baseline data for church‐wide interventions
Authors: Ndwiga Dorothy W. , McBride Kate A. , Simmons David , MacMillan Freya 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo describe the current prevalence of type 2 diabetes (diabetes) and readiness to change diet and physical activity among Samoans associated with churches in Sydney.MethodsResidents aged ≥18 years attending four Samoan churches in Sydney were invited to participate in a church‐wide lifestyle intervention. Participants completed questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, provided a non‐fasting blood sample for HbA1c and random blood glucose (RBG) measurement, and performed a 6‐minute walk test. Obesity was defined using a Pacific body mass index (BMI) threshold ≥32 kg/m2 and diabetes if HbA1c was ≥6.5%.ResultsIn total, 131/187 (70%) of Samoans (mean age of 44.1 ± 15 years; Female 52%) participated. Diabetes was present in 33% of the population which included 20% previously diagnosed diabetes, duration 13.4 ± 6.7 years, (HbA1c 8.3 ± 2.5% and RBG 10.2 ± 4.1 mmol/L) and 13% had undiagnosed diabetes (HbA1c 8.1 ± 2.7% and RBG 10.3 ± 4.7 mmol/L). The overall baseline prevalence of obesity, high blood pressure and meeting the physical activity recommendation of ≥150 min/wk were 77%, 44% and 38% respectively. Over 90% of participants were contemplating, if not already taking action towards healthier diet choices and increasing physical activity.ConclusionsPrevalence of diabetes and its risk factors were high among Samoans in Sydney with a high proportion with undiagnosed diabetes.So what?These findings highlight the need to prioritise the delivery of culturally appropriate interventions tailored to the needs of the Samoan community. The high level of healthy lifestyle contemplation suggests that the community would be receptive to such interventions.
Biomarkers of metal toxicity in embryos in the general population
Authors: Jie Ou , Peng Ping , Qiu Lin , Teng Lirong , Li Chunying , Han Jianhua , Liu Xinyan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundWith the development of industrialization, public exposure to toxic metals could occur everywhere, eventually affecting individuals’ reproductive systems and even embryos and leading to early pregnancy loss. The aim of the study was to determine the profile of toxic metal levels in pregnant women in the general population and to identify biomarkers for metal toxicity in embryos.MethodsA case‐control study with pregnant women was conducted at Peking Union Medical College Hospital in 2016‐2018. Women who experienced spontaneous abortion within 12 weeks of gestation comprised the case group, and women with pregnancies showing fetal cardiac activity who requested an induced abortion almost simultaneously were included in the control group. Blood and urine specimen were tested for concentrations of cadmium, chromium, selenium, arsenic, and mercury.ResultsA total of 195 patients were enrolled, with 95 in the case group and 100 in the control group. Significant differences in gravidity, parity, history of miscarriage, mean blood cadmium levels, and mean urine chromium levels were present between the two groups (P1 = 0.013, P2 = 0.000, P3 = 0.000, P4 = 0.002, P5 = 0.046); the odds ratios in the spontaneous abortion with blood cadmium >0.4 µg/L, urine chromium >2 µg/L, gravity <3, parity <2, and history of miscarriage >1 compared with the induced abortion group were 1.26 (1.09, 1.85), 1.56 (1.23, 2.53), 1.39 (1.17, 1.98), 1.72 (1.21, 4.62), and 1.18 (1.06, 1.65), with P‐values of 0.003, 0.031, 0.003, 0.247, and 0.001, respectively.ConclusionBlood cadmium and urine chromium levels are two possible biomarkers of toxic metal embryotoxicity in the general population, which means that in the general population, blood cadmium >0.4 µg/L or urine chromium >2 µg/L might indicate an increased risk of spontaneous abortion.
MEG3 interacted with miR‐494 to repress bladder cancer progression through targeting PTEN
Authors: Shan Guang , Tang Tian , Xia Yue , Qian Hui‐Jun 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe long noncoding RNA MEG3 is a significant tumor‐suppressive gene in various tumors. But its biological role in bladder cancer remains uninvestigated. Herein, the biological mechanism of MEG3 in bladder cancer pathogenesis was explored. First, the expression of MEG3 in bladder cancer cells was examined, and we found that it was significantly reduced. In addition, in bladder cancer cells, we observed htat miR‐494 was increased. Then, MEG3 was overexpressed in UMUC3 and SW780 cells and it could negatively modulate miR‐494 expression. Bladder cancer cell proliferation was repressed, cell apoptosis was triggered and meanwhile, the cell cycle was remarkably arrested by the overexpression of MEG3. Moreover, the increase of MEG3 suppressed bladder cancer cell migration and invasion capacity. MEG3 can sponge miR‐494 and the binding sites between them were confirmed by carrying out a series of functional assays. Furthermore, PTEN was speculated as a putative target of miR‐494. Meanwhile, we found that miR‐494 inhibitors induced PTEN. Finally, in vivo assays were conducted to prove that MEG3 can restrain bladder tumor growth by modulating miR‐494 and PTEN. In conclusion, it was suggested MEG3 can interact with miR‐494 to regulate PTEN in bladder cancer development.
Resveratrol and HIV‐protease inhibitors control UCP1 expression through opposite effects on p38 MAPK phosphorylation in human adipocytes
Authors: Ravaud Christophe , Paré Martin , Yao Xi , Azoulay Stéphane , Mazure Nathalie M. , Dani Christian , Ladoux Annie 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBrown and brown‐like adipocytes (BBAs) control thermogenesis and are detected in adult humans. They express UCP1, which transforms energy into heat. They appear as promising cells to fight obesity. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms leading to the browning of human white adipocytes or the whitening of BBAs represents a goal to properly and safely control the pathways involved in these processes.Here, we analyzed how drugs endowed with therapeutic potential affect the differentiation of human adipose progenitor‐cells into BBAs and/or their phenotype.We showed that HIV‐protease inhibitors (PI) reduced UCP1 expression in BBAs modifying their metabolic profile and the mitochondria functionality. Lopinavir (LPV) was more potent than darunavir (DRV), a last PI generation. PPARγ and PGC‐1α were decreased in a PI or cell‐specific manner, thus altering UCP1's constitutive expression. In addition, LPV altered p38 MAPK phosphorylation, blunting then the β‐adrenergic responses. In contrast, low doses of resveratrol stimulated the activatable expression of UCP1 in a p38 MAPK‐dependent manner and counteracted the LPV induced loss of UCP1. This effect was independent of the resveratrol‐induced sirtuin‐1 expression.Altogether our results uncover how drugs impact crucial components of the networks regulating the expression of the thermogenic signature. They provide important information to control the relevant pathways involved in energy expenditure.
Intraoperative bile spillage is associated with worse survival in gallbladder adenocarcinoma
Authors: Blakely Andrew M. , Wong Paul , Chu Peiguo , Warner Susanne G. , Raoof Mustafa , Singh Gagandeep , Fong Yuman , Melstrom Laleh G. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundGallbladder adenocarcinoma is often incidentally identified following cholecystectomy. We hypothesized that intraoperative bile spillage would be a negative prognostic factor.MethodsA retrospective review of patients treated at a cancer center with histologically confirmed gallbladder adenocarcinoma, 2009‐2017, was performed. Patient, disease, and treatment factors were analyzed in terms of progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).ResultsSixty‐six patients were identified. Tumor stage was T1 (n = 8, 12%), T2 (n = 23, 35%), T3 (n = 35, 53%). Node stage was N0 (n = 22, 33%), N1+ (n = 26, 39%), Nx (n = 18, 27%). Operations included cholecystectomy alone (n = 27, 36%), cholecystectomy and partial hepatectomy (n = 30, 45%), or hepaticojejunostomy (n = 9, 14%). Median PFS was 7 months (interquartile range [IQR], 2‐19); median OS was 16 months (IQR, 10‐31). Subset multivariate proportional hazards regression of 41 patients who underwent initial cholecystectomy showed decreased PFS was associated with intraoperative spillage (n = 12, 29%; hazard ratio [HR], 5.5; P = .0014); decreased OS was associated with drain placement (n = 21, 51%; HR, 8.1; P = .006).ConclusionsIntraoperative bile spillage and surgical drain placement at initial cholecystectomy are negatively associated with PFS and OS in gallbladder adenocarcinoma. Explicit documentation of spillage and drain placement rationale is critical, possibly indicating locally advanced disease and prompting stronger consideration of systemic therapy before definitive resection.
The value of P2PA to travelers: Evidence from the Hong Kong market
Authors: Lau Chloe K.H. , Chui Raymond C.F. , Lin Pearl M.C. , Chan Ray T.M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe investigated potential peer‐to‐peer accommodation (P2PA) rental customers with an online survey with 254 Hong Kong residents. The results indicated a different user spectrum covering relatively young, unmarried people in civilian posts, with high levels of education and low levels of income. Prospects preferred to use considered unsafe P2PA in safe destinations. We examined the factors affecting the respondents' willingness to use P2PA rentals with multifactor binary logistic regression analysis. We developed a model on how P2PA, destination, and personal attributes affect decision making to provide a useful point of reference for future researchers and industry practitioners.
Rare electrosurgical complications in tonsillectomy: Analysis of national adverse event reporting
Authors: Yamasaki Alisa , Bhattacharyya Neil 
Published: July 2019

ObjectivesTo identify U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)‐reported adverse events related to electrosurgical devices during tonsillectomy and characterize the most common devices and patient/provider sequelae.Study DesignRetrospective analysis of FDA database of device‐related adverse events.MethodsData were extracted from the OpenFDA database for all adverse events reported for electrosurgical devices used in tonsillectomies from January 2008 to December 2017. Adverse events were classified by device, event type, etiology, complication severity, and patient disposition.ResultsSix hundred fifty‐two adverse events were identified, with 195 events (30%) leading to known bodily injury to patient/provider. Device failure was the most common adverse event (202 events, 31%), followed by burns in 187 patient (98% of burns) and three provider events (2%). Burn injuries occurred most frequently with coblation devices (78 events, 42% of burns), monopolar electrocautery (48 events, 25%), and electrosurgical generators (23 events, 13%). Burn injuries most commonly occurred in the oral cavity (144 events, 76% of burn events) and were most commonly first‐degree (28 events, 15%). Complications related to burns were managed conservatively for 36% of burn events (68 events), and secondary surgery was rarely required (8 events, 4%). Postoperative bleeding (173 events, 26%; 3 deaths) and intraoperative fire (73 events, 11%) were also reported. Device failures caused significant OR delay or cancellation in 17% of occurrences (35 events).ConclusionNumerous complications may occur with various devices used during tonsillectomy and can result in significant patient/provider harm and sequelae. Surgeons must understand the nature of such complications to facilitate safe perioperative care and inform preoperative patient discussions.Level of EvidenceNALaryngoscope, 130:1138–1143, 2020