bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sport- und Bewegungstherapie bei Burn-out und Fatigue – eine narrative Übersichtsarbeit
Authors: Gerland Lars , Baumann Freerk Theeagnus 
Published: October 2024

ZusammenfassungBurn-out und Fatigue weisen in ihren Symptomausprägungen Schnittmengen auf. Der gemeinsame Nenner ist Erschöpfung. Körperliche Aktivität konnte teils als risikomindernder Faktor für die Entstehung bzw. die Ausprägung der Symptome nachgewiesen werden. Auch in der Akutphase, der Rehabilitation und Nachsorge von Burn-out sowie bei Erkrankungen und deren Behandlungen, die mit dem Auftreten von Fatigue assoziiert werden, gibt es Belege für einen Effekt von körperlicher Aktivität.In der Burn-out-Forschung gilt physische Aktivität als risikomindernder Faktor und Coping-Strategie, konkrete Bewegungsempfehlungen in Bezug auf Symptomausprägungen existieren jedoch nicht. Im Bereich der Müdigkeit/Fatigue ist das Gesamtbild uneinheitlich: Für einzelne Krankheitsbilder gibt es bereits zielgerichtete Empfehlungen für die Bewegungstherapie im multimodalen Ansatz. So gibt es hohe Evidenzen für den Einsatz von angemessen dosierter körperlicher Aktivität bei Krebspatient:innen, die unter tumorassoziierter Fatigue (CrF) leiden, in der adjuvanten Therapie und Nachsorge. Andere mit dem Auftreten von Fatigue assoziierte Erkrankungen, beispielsweise Long und Post-Covid, sind diesbezüglich noch nicht ausreichend erforscht, um klare Aussagen zu einer Dosis-Wirkungs-Beziehung zu machen.Diese Arbeit soll einen Überblick über den Stand der Bewegungsforschung bei Burn-out und Fatigue geben und so einerseits Therapieempfehlungen für die Behandelnden und die Patient:innen aussprechen, andererseits die Evidenzlage in denjenigen Teilbereichen beleuchten, in denen es (noch) keine allgemeinen und individualisierten Bewegungsempfehlungen gibt.
The Current Phyto-Scape and Foodplants of Holley Shelter, KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa) and Its Potential for Past Foragers
Authors: Lombard Marlize , Bader Gregor D. , Will Manuel 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCurrent phyto-scapes (plant populations in their geo-spatial context) are not exact replicas of past foraging potential, yet they provide valuable data about the carrying capacity or potential of a foraging-scape. Knowledge about contemporary micro-ecologies and ethno-historical plant use can inform on behavioral aspects, should such plants be found in archaeological deposits. It is in this context that we explore existing information (data and literature) to establish the current vegetation types and micro-ecologies around Holley Shelter, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, that contains Middle and Later Stone Age occupations. We present the first plant species inventory consisting of > 1500 taxa growing approximately a day’s foraging distance from the site, compiled from records provided by the South African National Biodiversity Institute and other sources. From this list, we generated separate checklists for foodplants (n = 450) and plants that have other uses (n = 337), to gain insight into the site’s current phyto-fitness potential. The resulting database is intended as a modern proxy for future work on the site’s archaeo-botany and palaeo-climatic reconstructions. The data is also applicable to other sites on the Savanna/Grassland Biomes of southern Africa with records of the same species. Here we use the foodplant checklist and what is known about the edible plant parts, their seasonality and the distribution of some species to speculate about land-use patterns. These hypotheses can be tested for the past with future archaeo-botanical work. We demonstrate that, compared to archaeological sites in the Eastern and Western Cape for which comparable data exist, Holley Shelter is rich in foodplants, and especially so in plant foods that are known to buffer against famine during the periodical droughts of inland South Africa.
Adaptive quarklet tree approximation
Authors: Dahlke Stephan , Hovemann Marc , Raasch Thorsten , Vogel Dorian 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper is concerned with near-optimal approximation of a given univariate function with elements of a polynomially enriched wavelet frame, a so-called quarklet frame. Inspired by hp-approximation techniques of Binev, we use the underlying tree structure of the frame elements to derive an adaptive algorithm that, under standard assumptions concerning the local errors, can be used to create approximations with an error close to the best tree approximation error for a given cardinality. We support our findings by numerical experiments demonstrating that this approach can be used to achieve inverse-exponential convergence rates.
Discoveries or doubts: a qualitative study of the transformative potential of portfolio meetings
Authors: McDonald Jenny , Heeneman Sylvia , Hu Wendy 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTo adapt to medical school, students need to change their approaches to learning and study. Transformative learning through critical reflection on disorienting learning experiences supports perspective change to direct new activity. We explored how portfolio meetings support changes in students’ perspectives towards learning and study during the transition to studying medicine. This qualitative mixed methods study explored changes in medical students’ perspectives before and after two portfolio meetings with a mentor during the first year of medicine. Adopting a constructionist approach, we analyzed interview transcripts and written reflections from a diverse sample of students using reflexive thematic analysis. The findings were integrated during analysis. Transformative learning theory was our interpretive lens. Our analysis revealed five themes. Two themes represented students’ initial apprehension about portfolio meetings: The Disclosure Dilemma and A Question of Priorities. The theme “Seeing the Big Picture” described new perspectives from reflection on learning while preparing for meetings. Clarity from Dialogue described changed perspectives to learning and study after meetings. In the theme Dialogue Disappointment, meetings perceived as unhelpful led to persisting doubts about the value of portfolio meetings. Transformative learning was evident when students described new insights into their learning leading to goal-setting and new study strategies. When initial meetings were helpful, doubts about portfolio meetings were dispelled, enhancing student engagement in future meetings. Not all meetings were transformative, highlighting the importance of student and mentor preparation and training. Further research is needed to determine whether early portfolio experiences shape later engagement in clinical contexts.
The effect of data complexity on classifier performance
Authors: Eberlein Jonas , Rodriguez Daniel , Harrison Rachel 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe research area of Software Defect Prediction (SDP) is both extensive and popular, and is often treated as a classification problem. Improvements in classification, pre-processing and tuning techniques, (together with many factors which can influence model performance) have encouraged this trend. However, no matter the effort in these areas, it seems that there is a ceiling in the performance of the classification models used in SDP. In this paper, the issue of classifier performance is analysed from the perspective of data complexity. Specifically, data complexity metrics are calculated using the Unified Bug Dataset, a collection of well-known SDP datasets, and then checked for correlation with the defect prediction performance of machine learning classifiers (in particular, the classifiers C5.0, Naive Bayes, Artificial Neural Networks, Random Forests, and Support Vector Machines). In this work, different domains of competence and incompetence are identified for the classifiers. Similarities and differences between the classifiers and the performance metrics are found and the Unified Bug Dataset is analysed from the perspective of data complexity. We found that certain classifiers work best in certain situations and that all data complexity metrics can be problematic, although certain classifiers did excel in some situations.
Study on the damage characteristics of high-temperature superconducting cable insulation under air gap discharge
Authors: Pan Xin , Zhou Li , Wang Gang , Fallatah Ahmed M. , Yuan Miaoda , Zhang Xiangning , Tan Daqing , Ren Juanna , Almalki Abdulraheem S. A. , Ibrahim Mohamed M. , Dong Mengyao , Guo Zhanhu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study explores the impact of small air gaps in high-temperature superconducting cables on the insulating material polypropylene-laminated paper (PPLP), and the aging rules and mechanisms of the insulating material during practical uses. An air gap discharge test platform was built to simulate air gap fault defects of superconducting cables in the real operating environment. Hierarchical clustering method was used to divide the gap discharge process of defect model into four stages. Insulation damage assessment was conducted on the intermediate layer PP of the superconducting insulation material PPLP at different discharge stages, revealing surface changes and periodic alterations in dielectric properties. The morphological features, roughness, infrared spectra, dielectric loss, surface resistivity, and other phase characteristics of the superconducting insulation layer material were analyzed at different stages of air gap defects. Molecular group cracking in PP was attributed to the bond breakage on the main chain. These findings provide insights into high-temperature superconducting cable insulation under air gap discharge and provide a guideline for practical applications in semi-conductive industries.
Youth Climate Questions
Authors: Rushton Elizabeth A. C. , Dunlop Lynda 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAnthropogenic climate change and environmental crises are pressing challenges of our time, with changes to the climate system observed in every global region. Disastrous impacts on nature, including people, have already been observed in the form of drought, floods and extreme heat events across the planet. This study examines the role of an interdisciplinary approach to exploring different responses to climate-related disasters and potential disasters. The work we report takes place in the context of recent research on dialogue on climate interventions with youth. Climate interventions are large-scale interventions into the Earth’s climate system and include proposals such as solar radiation management, ocean liming, and carbon capture and storage technologies. Research and development of climate interventions as a response to one set of disasters (in the present and in-the-making), created as a result of anthropogenic climate change, are associated with much uncertainty and controversy. We explored these uncertainties and controversies with young people, scientists and policymakers, resulting in a set of illustrated climate conversation cards. In this paper, we analyse the questions produced by young people to find requests for data and knowledge from across disciplines, and for an exploration of ethics, feelings, positions and priorities. We also found problematisations of technofixes and desire for socio-political action. The implications for science and disaster education are discussed.
Effect of Melia azedarach seed mediated nano-ZnO on growth performance, protein utilisation efficiency, haematology and nutritional status in pigs
Authors: Dinga E. , Marume U. , Chelopo G. M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe current study was conducted to investigate the effect of Melia azedarach seed-mediated ZnO nanoparticles on growth performance, protein utilisation efficiency, haematology and nutritional status in pigs. A total of 48 pigs were allocated to the following six treatments replicated 8 times: Negative Control (NC, No antibiotic), Treatment 2: Positive control (PC) given a conventional antibiotic (Oxytetracycline, 40 mg/kg feed); Treatment 3: Nano-ZnO 300 mg/L (N300ZnO), Treatment 4: Group given 150 mg/L Melia azedarach seed mediated nano-ZnO (N150MA), Treatment 5: Group given 300 mg/L Melia azedarach seed mediated nano-ZnO (N300MA), Treatment 6: Group given 450 mg/L Melia azedarach seed mediated nano-ZnO (N450MA). The experiment was conducted over 7 weeks. Melia azedarach seed-mediated ZnO nanoparticles had no significant effect on growth performance apart from average daily feed intake (ADFI) with treatment 3 having the highest value. It significantly affected protein consumption and growth efficiency but not protein efficiency ratio and specific growth rate. Melia azedarach seed-mediated ZnO nanoparticles had no significant impact on nutritional parameters, serum minerals apart from phosphorus which can negatively affect renal functioning.
Creative performance in professional advertising development: The role of ideation templates, consumer insight, and intrinsic motivation
Authors: Tevi Alexander , Parker John , Koslow Scott , Ang Lawrence 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTo develop more creative advertising, scholars advocate ideation techniques and one of the most strongly supported is the Templates method. This research explores the efficacy of Templates, and evaluates its effectiveness compared to other creative ideation approaches. Two studies are presented. One directly asks professional advertising creatives to use specific Templates to develop advertisements. The other determines if the mere knowledge of the Templates method improves creative ideation. In both studies, industry-based judges assess the quality of respondents’ work. The Templates approach improves the originality of advertising, with no detrimental influence on strategy. Two alternative approaches to enhancing creativity were compared against Templates: 1) providing better domain knowledge through consumer insight and 2) improving the intrinsic motivation of creatives. The research shows these two alternatives both improve originality yet reduce how “on strategy” the advertising is—a trade-off effect. However, the Templates method does not suffer from this trade-off and performs well, by improving originality without any detriment on strategic focus.
Employees’ views on empathic behavior in the workplace: a bottom-up approach to understanding empathy
Authors: Hall Judith A. , Solomon Eric , Clark Malissa , Vicaria Isha 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAlthough the empathy concept is relevant across all domains of human relations, it is often used in a vague and poorly defined way that limits its utility both in science and in real-world applications. Research indeed suggests that behaviors considered “empathic” vary across individuals and according to context. This research looked at the organizational context, by (a) in two studies, asking employees in many different work settings to rate a diverse list of workplace behaviors for how much each is empathic to them, and (b) in a third study, analyzing employees’ messages describing instances of fellow employees’ empathic behavior posted to their companies’ rewards platform. In Study 1 (N = 318), employees in different companies responded to a list of 44 discrete behaviors, and in Study 2 (N = 234), employees responded to the same behaviors as well as 25 more. In both studies, two conceptually different, but empirically related, types of empathy emerged, which we labeled Emotional Sensitivity and Professionalism. In Study 3, we coded for these two dimensions in 1,497 messages sent by employees on a company rewards platform where they described “empathic” workplace behaviors by co-workers. Results of all three studies suggest that in the workplace, behavioral manifestations of “empathy” extend beyond conventional notions of personal responsiveness to include task functions, thus demonstrating that “empathy” in the real world covers surprisingly wide territory. The research shows that context matters in discussions of empathy and provides a concrete vocabulary for scholars and organizations to use in research on workplace culture.
Mitogenome of a new Ramazzottius species (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada: Ramazzottiidae) discovered in rock pools along with its temperature and desiccation-related proteins repertoire
Authors: Vecchi Matteo , Stec Daniel 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRamazzottius is a widespread genus of tardigrades with extreme cryptobiotic capabilities. Thanks to its ability to survive desiccation and freezing, this genus is usually recorded from harsh habitats such as exposed mosses and lichens and rock pools. In the last years, research focused on both describing Ramazzottius diversity and revealing the molecular mechanisms behind their cryptobiotic capabilities. Despite the research efforts in these fields, much still remains to be discovered. Here we describe a new Ramazzottius species from an Italian rock pool by means of integrative taxonomy (morphology, morphometry, and DNA sequencing) and sequenced its genome with Nanopore technology to provide an assembled mitogenome and annotate its Temperature and Desiccation Resistance Proteins (TDPR) repertoire. The new gonochoric species is phylogenetically close to the parthenogenetic R. varieornatus, a strain of which (YOKOZUNA-1) has been adopted as model organism for the study of cryptobiosis. The mitogenome of the new species shows perfect synteny with R. varieornatus and shares with it most of the TDPR genes. The relative genetic similarity of the new species to the model R. varieornatus, combined with unique biological traits (for example the difference in reproductive mode and the unique habitat it colonizes), makes the new species a potential new addition to the range of model tardigrade species.
Beneficial soil fungi enhance tomato crop productivity and resistance to the leaf-mining pest Tuta absoluta in agronomic conditions
Authors: Minchev Zhivko , Ramírez-Serrano Beatriz , Dejana Laura , Lee Díaz Ana S. , Zitlalpopoca-Hernandez Guadalupe , Orine Dimitri , Saha Haymanti , Papantoniou Dimitra , García Juan M. , González-Céspedes Alicia , Garbeva Paolina , van Dam Nicole M. , Soler Roxina , Giron David , Martínez-Medina Ainhoa , Biere Arjen , Hauser Thure , Meyling Nicolai V. , Rasmann Sergio , Pozo María J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractResearch has shown that soil-borne beneficial microorganisms can enhance plant growth, productivity, and resistance against pests and pathogens and could thus serve as a sustainable alternative to agrochemicals. To date, however, the effect of soil-beneficial microbes under commercial crop production has been little assessed. We here investigated the effect of root inoculation with nine well-characterized bacterial and fungal strains and two consortia on tomato performance under intensive tomato crop management practices. We measured the impact of these root inoculations on plant growth, fruit quality, yield, and pest and pathogen incidence. While most microbial strains showed weak effects, we found that the fungal strains Trichoderma afroharzianum T22 and Funneliformis mosseae significantly increased marketable tomato yield. Moreover, we found that inoculation with most of the fungal strains led to a significant reduction in the incidence of the devastating leaf-mining pest Tuta absoluta, while this effect was not observed for bacterial inoculants. In addition, we found that microbial inoculations did not impact the incidence of introduced natural pest enemies, supporting their compatibility with well-established integrated pest management strategies in horticulture. In summary, the observed general positive effects of soil microbes on tomato yield and resistance reinforce the move toward broader adoption of microbial inoculants in future crop production, ultimately improving agricultural sustainability.
Feasibility study on machine learning methods for prediction of process-related parameters during WAAM process using SS-316L filler material
Authors: Subadra Sharath P. , Mayer Eduard , Wachtel Philipp , Sheikhi Shahram 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe geometry of objects by means of wire arc additive manufacturing technology (WAAM) is a function of the quality of the deposited layers. The process parameters variation and heat flow affect the geometric precision of the parts, when compared to the actual dimensions. Therefore, in situ geometry monitoring which is integrated in such a way to enable a backward control model is essential in the WAAM process. In this article, an attempt is made to study the effect of four input variables, namely voltage (U), welding current (I), travel speed and wire feed rate on the output function in the form of two geometrical characteristics of a single weld bead. These output functions which are determinant of the weld quality are width of weld bead (BW) and height of weld bead (BH). A machine learning approach is utilised to predict the bead dimensions based on the input parameters and to predict the parameters by assigning suitable scores. For predicting the bead dimensions, two models, namely linear regression and random forest, shall be utilised, whereas for the purpose of classification based on weld parameters, k-nearest neighbours model shall be employed. Through this work, a wide dataset of parameters in the form of input variable and output in the form bead dimensions are generated for 316LSi filler material which shall be used as a training data for a machine learning algorithm. Subsequently, the predicted parameters shall be cross-checked with actual parameters.
Fatigue performance of repair-welded and HFMI-treated transverse stiffeners
Authors: Schubnell J. , Burdack M. , Hiltscher N. , Weidner P. , Ummenhofer T. , Farajian M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLarge portions of infrastructure buildings, for example, highway and railway bridges, are steel constructions and reach the end of their service life due to an increase of traffic volume. Repair welding can restore the current welded constructional detail with a similar fatigue strength. However, due to the increase of fatigue loading (traffic), an increase of fatigue strength is needed in such bridge structures. For this reason, the combination of repair welding and high-frequency mechanical impact (HFMI) treatment was investigated in this study in order to quantify the increase of fatigue life by combining both methods. For this, transverse stiffeners made of steel grade S355J2 + N were subjected to fatigue loading until a pre-determined crack depth was reached. The cracks were detected by non-destructive testing methods. Weld repair was realized by removing the material containing the crack and re-welded by a gas metal arc welding (GMAW) process, following that post weld treated was applied by HFMI-treatment and the specimens were subjected to fatigue loading again. Hardness profiles, weld geometries, and residual stress states were investigated for both the original and the repaired condition. In the repaired condition without additional HFMI treatment, a similar fatigue life than in the original condition is observed for the specimens. The repair-welded and HFMI-treated specimens reach a significant higher fatigue life compared to the repaired ones in the as-welded condition.