bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Building Bridges From Classrooms to Networked Publics: Helping Students Write for the Audience They Want
Authors: Lammers Jayne C. , Van Alstyne Judith H. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractResearch about adolescents sharing creative writing in interest‐driven online communities has suggested that teachers can play important roles in helping young writers realize the potential of online spaces. Framed by sociocultural notions of new literacies and a conceptual framework theorizing the rhetorical situation when sharing writing in networked publics, this instrumental case study examined the design and implementation of a high school elective course supporting students to critically analyze and participate in online creative writing spaces. The authors collected observation, interview, and artifactual data and then analyzed them inductively to generate testable assertions about how bringing together the potential audiences in classrooms and networked publics affected writing instruction and the writing act. Findings revealed how controlling the makeup of audiences raised privacy issues, cultivating interactions with audiences required persistence, and conceptualizing audiences affected these students’ writing. Suggestions for designing writing instruction to include networked publics and recommendations for classroom‐based research are shared.
Gene polymorphisms and serum levels of TL1A in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Yuan Zhi‐Chao , Wang Jia‐Min , Su Lin‐Chong , Xu Wang‐Dong , Huang An‐Fang 
Published: November 2018

AbstractRecent findings showed elevated expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐like ligand 1A (TL1A) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and arthritis mice. However, whether TL1A gene polymorphisms may correlate with RA susceptibility needs to be discussed. This case‐control study was performed on 350 RA patients and 556 healthy subjects to identify TL1A genetic variants (rs3810936, rs6478109, and rs7848647) and their possible association with TL1A levels, susceptibility to and severity of RA. Odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were calculated to represent the correlation between TL1A polymorphisms and RA. The TL1A serum levels were evaluated. Results showed that frequencies of TC, TT + TC genotypes of rs3810936, rs7848647 in RA patients were significantly lower in RA patients compared with controls. Patients with C allele showed more severe disease course (disease activity index: erythrocyte sedimentation rate, rheumatoid factor) than in carriers of T allele. However, the allele or genotype frequencies of rs6478109 were not associated with RA. In addition, TL1A genetic variants conferred higher TL1A levels in RA patients compared with controls. In conclusion, these findings indicated an association between TL1A rs3810936, rs7848647 variation and the susceptibility of RA in a sample of Chinese individuals, and TL1A may correlate with severity of RA.
The average degree of a subcubic edge‐chromatic critical graph
Authors: Woodall Douglas R. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA graph is here called 3‐
critical if , and for every edge of . The 3‐critical graphs include (the Petersen graph with a vertex deleted), and subcubic graphs that are Hajós joins of copies of . Building on a recent paper of Cranston and Rabern, it is proved here that if is 3‐critical and not nor a Hajós join of two copies of , then has average degree at least ; this bound is sharp, as it is the average degree of a Hajós join of three copies of .
Altered brain iron content and deposition rate in Huntington’s disease as indicated by quantitative susceptibility MRI
Authors: Chen Lin , Hua Jun , Ross Christopher A. , Cai Shuhui , van Zijl Peter C.M. , Li Xu 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAltered brain iron content in the striatum of premanifest and manifest Huntington’s disease (HD) has been reported. However, its natural history remains unclear. This study aims to investigate altered brain iron content in premanifest and early HD, and the iron deposition rate in these patients through a longitudinal one‐year follow‐up test, with quantitative magnetic susceptibility as an iron imaging marker. Twenty‐four gene mutation carriers divided into three groups (further‐from‐onset, closer‐to‐onset and early HD) and 16 age‐matched healthy controls were recruited at baseline, and of these, 14 carriers and 7 controls completed the one‐year follow‐up. Quantitative magnetic susceptibility and effective transverse relaxation rate () were measured at 7.0 Tesla and correlated with atrophy and available clinical and cognitive measurements. Higher susceptibility values indicating higher iron content in the striatum and globus pallidus were only observed in closer‐to‐onset (N = 6, p < 0.05 in caudate and p < 0.01 in putamen) and early HD (N = 9, p < 0.05 in caudate and globus pallidus and p < 0.01 in putamen). Similar results were found by measurement. Such increases directly correlated with HD CAG–age product score and brain atrophy, but not with motor or cognitive scores. More importantly, a significantly higher iron deposition rate (11.9%/years in caudate and 6.1%/years in globus pallidus) was firstly observed in closer‐to‐onset premanifest HD and early HD as compared to the controls. These results suggest that monitoring brain iron may provide further insights into the pathophysiology of HD disease progression, and may provide a biomarker for clinical trials.
Comparison between quantitative descriptive analysis and flash profile in profiling the sensory properties of commercial red sufu (Chinese fermented soybean curd)
Authors: He Wenmeng , Chung Hau Yin 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDRed sufu is a type of sufu produced by solid‐state fermentation of soybean curd and coloration with red mold rice. The purposes of this study were: (i) to characterize commercial red sufu samples using the quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) and flash profile (FP) by ten trained and ten untrained panelists, respectively; (ii) to compare the differences in panel performance, descriptive abilities and sensory maps between the two methodologies; and (iii) to compare the efficiency between QDA and FP using red sufu as the matrix. Techniques in multivariate analysis were utilized to explore the data.RESULTSResults from generalized procrustes analysis (GPA) showed that panel performance by QDA was more repeatable and reached higher homogeneity than that by FP. Despite the confidence ellipse results of the 12 red sufus being better discriminated by QDA, the RV coefficient was high (RV = 0.852) between the configurations of the two‐dimensional model (F1 and F2) of the two methodologies, indicating that the two methods are similar and closely related. Overall, QDA provided more accurate and detailed information, while FP provided a similar sensory map on product location and descriptive results.CONCLUSIONThe FP technique appeared to be an efficient alternative approach to quickly evaluate sensory properties, including appearance, flavor, aroma and textural properties of an array of red sufu products. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Comprehensive two‐dimensional monolithic liquid chromatography of polar compounds
Authors: Jandera Pavel , Hájek Tomáš , Šromová Zuzana 
Published: November 2018

AbstractTwo‐dimensional liquid chromatography largely increases the number of separated compounds in a single run, theoretically up to the product of the peaks separated in each dimension on the columns with different selectivities. On‐line coupling of a reversed‐phase column with an aqueous normal‐phase (hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography) column yields orthogonal systems with high peak capacities. Fast on‐line two‐dimensional liquid chromatography needs a capillary or micro‐bore column providing low‐volume effluent fractions transferred to a short efficient second‐dimension column for separation at a high mobile phase flow rate. We prepared polymethacrylate zwitterionic monolithic micro‐columns in fused silica capillaries with structurally different dimethacrylate cross‐linkers. The columns provide dual retention mechanism (hydrophilic interaction and reversed‐phase). Setting the mobile phase composition allows adjusting the separation selectivity for various polar substance classes. Coupling on‐line an organic polymer monolithic capillary column in the first dimension with a short silica‐based monolithic column in the second dimension provides two‐dimensional liquid chromatography systems with high peak capacities. The silica monolithic C18 columns provide higher separation efficiency than the particle‐packed columns at the flow rates as high as 5 mL/min used in the second dimension. Decreasing the diameter of the silica monolithic columns allows using a higher flow rate at the maximum operation pressure and lower fraction volumes transferred from the first, hydrophilic interaction dimension, into the second, reversed‐phase mode, avoiding the mobile phase compatibility issues, improving the resolution, increasing the peak capacity, and the peak production rate.
Comparison of spontaneous sensory recovery of noninnervated anteromedial thigh flap, latissimus dorsi flap, and gracilis muscle flap in lower extremity reconstruction: A prospective comparative study
Authors: Rothenberger Jens , Ramms Eva Maria , Medved Fabian , Kolbenschlag Jonas , Daigeler Adrien , Held Manuel 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundWe evaluated the time course and differences in the sensory recovery of three commonly used free flaps for lower extremity reconstruction. Furthermore, the sensory recovery of skin‐grafted muscle and skin paddle in latissimus dorsi flaps (LDMF) were differentiated.MethodsIn a prospective study, 26 patients who had undergone free flap lower extremity reconstruction were enrolled. Among them, 9 received LDMF, 9 received gracilis muscle flaps (GMF), and 8 received anterior lateral thigh flaps (ALTF). The sensory recovery was investigated by using the Semmes–Weinstein test (SWT) at 6 and 12 months after the surgery.ResultsAll flaps recorded spontaneous sensory recovery. The GMF showed the smallest anesthetic area after 12 months as compared with the ALTF and LDMF (1 ± 3% vs. 18 ± 39% (p < .05) vs. 35 ± 35% (p < .05), respectively). Qualitatively, ALTF exhibited the best sensory recovery with the lowest SWT values (ALTF 4.57 ± 1.12 vs. GMF 5.01 ± 0.81 8 [p < .05], vs. LDMF 5.84 ± 0.52 [p < .05]). The sensory recovery of skin‐grafted muscle was superior to that of the skin paddle in the LDMF (anesthetic area 29 ± 36% vs. 54 ± 33% [p < .05], SWT 5.85 ± 0.60 vs. 6.30 ± 0.18 [p < .05], respectively).ConclusionAll flaps displayed spontaneous sensory recovery potential over the investigation period, which appeared to be influenced by the flap type and size. The LDMF skin paddle showed lower potential for sensory recovery as compared with the skin‐grafted muscle area of the same flap. The GMF demonstrated a near‐complete sensory recovery after 12 months.
Technical Note: Manufacturing of a realistic mouse phantom for dosimetry of radiobiology experiments
Authors: Esplen Nolan , Alyaqoub Eisa , Bazalova‐Carter Magdalena 
Published: November 2018

PurposeThe goal of this work was to design a realistic mouse phantom as a useful tool for accurate dosimetry in radiobiology experiments.MethodsA subcutaneous tumor‐bearing mouse was scanned in a microCT scanner, its organs manually segmented and contoured. The resulting geometries were converted into a stereolithographic file format (STL) and sent to a multimaterial 3D printer. The phantom was split into two parts to allow for lung excavation and 3D‐printed with an acrylic‐like material and consisted of the main body (mass density ρ=1.18 g/cm3) and bone (ρ=1.20 g/cm3). The excavated lungs were filled with polystyrene (ρ=0.32 g/cm3). Three cavities were excavated to allow the placement of a 1‐mm diameter plastic scintillator dosimeter (PSD) in the brain, the center of the body and a subcutaneous tumor. Additionally, a laser‐cut Gafchromic film can be placed in between the two phantom parts for 2D dosimetric evaluation. The expected differences in dose deposition between mouse tissues and the mouse phantom for a 220‐kVp beam delivered by the small animal radiation research platform (SARRP) were calculated by Monte Carlo (MC).ResultsMicroCT scans of the phantom showed excellent material uniformity and confirmed the material densities given by the manufacturer. MC dose calculations revealed that the dose measured by tissue‐equivalent dosimeters inserted into the phantom in the brain, abdomen, and subcutaneous tumor would be underestimated by 3–5%, which is deemed to be an acceptable error assuming the proposed 5% accuracy of radiobiological experiments.ConclusionsThe low‐cost mouse phantom can be easily manufactured and, after a careful dosimetric characterization, may serve as a useful tool for dose verification in a range of radiobiology experiments.
Repetitive nerve stimulation test in myasthenic crisis
Authors: Oh Shin J. , Jeong Dushin , Lee Ikjae , Alsharabati Mohammad 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTIntroductionHerein we report our experience with the repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS) test in myasthenia gravis (MG) crisis.MethodsThe various parameters of the RNS tests in 26 patients with MG crisis were analyzed.ResultsIn 18 (69%) patients, MG crisis is the first manifestation of MG. RNS tests were abnormal in 24 (92%) patients by decrement at low‐rate stimulation in any of 4 tested muscles. Three patterns of abnormality were found: MG pattern (decrement at low‐rate stimulation) in 23 patients; Lambert–Eaton myasthenic syndrome pattern in 1 patient; and cholinergic crisis pattern in 1 patient.DiscussionDuring MG crisis, the RNS test can serve as a rapid and sensitive diagnostic tool for MG in a majority of patients. Muscle Nerve 59:544–544, 2019
A modified multiple point stimulation method for motor unit number estimation of the hypothenar muscles
Authors: Hachisuka Akiko , Ming Chan K. 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTIntroduction: The goal of this study is to test the hypothesis that single motor unit action potentials (SMUPs) originating from other ulnar nerve–innervated intrinsic hand muscles can inflate the motor unit number estimation (MUNE) of the hypothenar muscles. Methods: Using the multiple point stimulation method, SMUPs recorded over the hypothenar muscles from distant origins were characterized through multichannel recordings. The MUNE calculated using only the hypothenar SMUPs was compared with estimations based on the whole ensemble. Results: Of the 41 studies performed, distant SMUPs represented 17 ± 9.5% (mean ± SD) of the overall sample. MUNE calculated using only hypothenar SMUPs was 423 ± 204, compared with 537 ± 290 if all SMUPs were included (P < 0.05). The extent of increase in MUNE was highly correlated with the proportion of distant SMUPs found (r = 0.89, P < 0.05). Discussion: Erroneous inclusion of SMUPs from distant muscles can significantly distort the MUNE results. Muscle Nerve 59:337–341, 2019
The impact of Nursing and Midwifery Council revalidation on the professional identity of academic staff in a higher education institution: A qualitative study
Authors: Attenborough Julie , Abbott Stephen 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAimsTo explore Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) revalidation as a process experienced by nursing and midwifery academics and its impact on their sense of professional identity.BackgroundThe introduction of revalidation nurses and midwives in the UK in 2016 caused some anxiety amongst registrants in higher education.DesignA qualitative study using a purposeful sample involving thematic analysis of semi‐structured interviews with academic staff.MethodsTen registrants completed a semi‐structured interview in a higher education institution.Results/FindingsClinical credibility: participants were self‐conscious about time away from practice but retained strong links with clinical settings reviewing evidence and reports of current practice. The revalidation process: staff were generally positive about NMC revalidation. Professional identity: participants identified as nurses and midwives first and academics second.ConclusionsThe findings replicate previous studies about professional identity among healthcare professionals in higher education; this study reports the contribution of revalidation amongst nurses and midwives in higher education institutions.
Social representations and social marketing: Effectiveness of awareness campaigns on the representation of public policies?
Authors: Bordarie Jimmy 
Published: November 2018

The research fits into the theory of the central core within the social representations theory. The approach argues the existence of two components: the core and the periphery. Each one has its own characteristics and a role to play. Within this framework, transformation of social representations can be the consequence of practices modification. However, in this study, we are interested in the effect of communication. We focus on the social representation of the public policy of the 30 kmh speed limit developed in Europe since the 1990's. And we test the impact of two awareness campaigns: the first one aims at reinforcing one aspect of the central core of the representation, the second one aims at contradicting one aspect of the core. Three groups of participants answer a questionnaire of representation related to the 30 kmh speed limit: two experimental groups (each one receiving a campaign) and one control group. Results confirm the relevance of using communication and social marketing methods in order to transform social representations. According to the type information, results are different. Discussion highlights the interest of using social representations in order to build social marketing campaigns.
A Rare Case of Levetiracetam and Drug‐Induced Idiopathic Aseptic Meningitis in a Pediatric Patient
Authors: McDonald Danielle , Sultan Richard , Viswanathan Anusha , Siu Anita 
Published: November 2018

Levetiracetam (LEV) is a pyrrolidine derivative antiepileptic medication used for the treatment of seizures in pediatric and adult patients. We report a case of probable LEV‐induced aseptic meningitis in a 13‐year‐old girl. The patient received LEV for a generalized seizure disorder and presented with symptoms 5 days after medication initiation. Ten days after LEV initiation, the patient presented to the hospital for further management. During her hospital course, infectious etiologies were ruled out with clinical and diagnostic testing. Upon discontinuation of LEV, the patient's symptoms resolved. Although select antiepileptic medications have been associated with drug‐induced aseptic meningitis (DIAM), to date, no reports have been published about DIAM following the administration of LEV. We describe and categorize the probability of DIAM in association with LEV, as observed in a patient case.
Interpenetrating thermophobic and thermophilic dual responsive networks
Authors: Käfer Florian , Hu Yunfeng , Wang Yan Jie , Wu Zi Liang , Agarwal Seema 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTPoly(N‐acryloyl glycinamide) (PNAGA)/poly(N‐isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAAm) interpenetrating network (IPN) hydrogels were made by UV‐light initiated radical polymerization in two‐steps. The IPN hydrogels showed a double thermoresponsive behavior due to the combination of PNIPAAm (thermophobic) and PNAGA (thermophilic) networks. Increasing the content of the thermophobic PNIPAAm network leads to a change from a broad thermophilic volume phase transition temperature of PNAGA to a thermophilic–thermophobic‐type dual transition for the prepared IPN. Due to the double thermoresponsive character of the IPN gels, the mechanical properties are dependent upon temperature as demonstrated by performing tensile tests in water at 15 and 50 °C. Furthermore, the IPN hydrogels were characterized using turbidity measurements, SEM, and the determination of the equilibrium swelling ratio. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem.2019,57, 539–544
Impact of financial support and focussed group counselling on treatment abandonment in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Experience over 22 years from North India
Authors: Alam Areesha , Kumar Archana 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectivesEfforts are being made worldwide to prevent abandonment in children with leukaemia. The study aimed to determine changes in treatment refusal, treatment abandonment rates, and its reasons in response to financial support and focussed group counselling.MethodsA retrospective cohort study conducted at paediatric haematology‐oncology unit, King George's Medical University, Lucknow among children <18 years admitted with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia from 1995 to 2017. Study divided into three periods: Phase 1 (1995‐March 2003): Basic support, Phase 2 (April 2003‐June 2009): Financial support and Phase 3 (July 2009‐2017): Financial, social support with group counselling. Phase 3‐ subdivided into 3a: group counselling and 3b: intensified group counselling.ResultsNumber of children registered for treatment during phase 1, 2, 3a, 3b: 176, 200, 360, and 305. Treatment refusal decreased significantly over time: 21% vs 14.5% vs 12.5% vs 5.9% (P < 0.001), especially during phase 3b. Although no change was found in treatment abandonment during phase 2, abandonment significantly reduced in phase 3a (20.3%) as compared with phase 1 (30.2%), with the proportion of children abandoning, due to financial constraints, declining. Abandonment further reduced in phase 3b vs phase 3a (11.1% vs 20.3%) (P = 0.001). After adjusting for other variables, abandonment was found to decrease independently in phase3 (a, b) as compared with phase 1 (P1 = 0.017, P2 = 0.007).ConclusionsAlthough helpful, financial assistance unaccompanied by counselling may be insufficient to bring a radical change. Hence, parental counselling, emphasising on treatment adherence and the aftermaths of treatment abandonment, is indispensable for preventing abandonment in semi‐literate populations.
Determination of the isotopic composition of single sub‐micrometer‐sized uranium particles by laser ablation coupled with multi‐collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Authors: Ronzani Anne‐Laure , Hubert Amélie , Pointurier Fabien , Marie Olivier , Clavier Nicolas , Humbert Anne‐Claire , Aupiais Jean , Dacheux Nicolas 
Published: November 2018

RationaleA multi‐collector inductively coupled plasma (MC‐ICP) mass spectrometer coupled to a UV ns‐laser ablation (LA) system was used to measure uranium isotopic ratios (234U/238U, 235U/238U and 236U/238U) in single uranium particles of various sizes and isotopic compositions, including home‐made sub‐micrometric natural uranium particles of narrow size distribution (415 ± 60 nm).MethodsThe LA‐ICP mass spectrometer was operated in wet plasma conditions thanks to simultaneous injection of the laser aerosol and water vapor through a desolvating nebulizer. The isotopic ratios were corrected for mass bias and gain factors between detectors. The 236U/238U ratios were also corrected for the presence of 235U hydrides and tailing of the 238U+ peak.Results236U/238U ratios were successfully measured in micrometer‐sized particles from the NBS U050 certified standard material with a 236U/238U ratio of ~5 × 10−4. The analysis of 77 natural uranium sub‐μm‐sized particles yielded a very good trueness with respect to the expected 234U/238U and 235U/238U ratios, while the measurement errors for single particles ranged from −2.7% to +2.1% for 235U/238U and from −17% to +33% for the 234U/238U ratios. Their relative combined standard uncertainties ranged from 3.3% to 32.8% and from 0.4% to 4.0% for 234U/238U and 235U/238U ratios, respectively. In addition, extremely low detection limits, in the attogram range, were achieved.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that coupling of a ns‐laser ablation system with a MC‐ICP mass spectrometer allows measurements of the isotopic composition in natural uranium particles of a few hundreds of nm with very good trueness, average combined standard uncertainties of ~1% for 235U/238U ratios and 12% for 234U/238U ratios, and detections limits of a few ag for minor isotopes.