bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spectrophotometric Analytical method for Determination the Drug Compound Salbutamol by using Prussian blue Complex
Authors: Journal Baghdad Science 
Published: March 2019

This research aims to develop new spectrophotometric analytical method to determine drug compound Salbutamol by reaction it with ferric chloride in presence potassium ferricyanide in acid median to formation of Prussian blue complex to determine it by uv-vis spectrophotmetric at wavelengths rang(700-750)nm .
Study the optimal experimental condition for determination drug and found the follows:
1-	Volume of(10M) H2SO4 to determine of drug is 1.5 ml .
2-	Volume and concentration of K3Fe(CN)6 is 1.5 ml ,0.2% .
3-	Volume and concentration of FeCl3 is 2.5ml , 0.2%.
4-	Temperature has been found 80 .
5-	Reaction time is 15 minute .
6-	Order of addition is (drug + K3Fe(CN)6+ FeCl3 + acid) .
Concentration rang (0.025-5 ppm) , limit detection(0.02)ppm . The method was applied successfully to determine the drug in tablet pharmaceutical preparation by use direct calibration curve and standard addition curve the recovery was 98.5% .
Qualitative and Quantitative study of Epipelic algae in Tigris River within Baghdad City, Iraq
Authors: Journal Baghdad Science 
Published: March 2019

The present study conducted to study epipelic algae in the Tigris River within Baghdad city for one year from September 2011 to August 2012 due to the importance role of benthic algae in lotic ecosystems. Five sites have been chosen along the river. A total of 154 species of epipelic algae was recorded belongs to 45 genera, where Bacillariophyceae (Diatoms) was the dominant groups followed by Cyanophyceae and Chlorophyceae. The numbers of common types in three sites were 47 species. Bacillariophyceae accounted 88.31% of the total number of epipelic algae, followed by Cyanophyceae 7.14 % and Chlorophyceae 4.55%. A 85 species (29 genera) recorded in site 1, 103 species (34 genera) in site2, 112 species (35 genera) in site3, 96 species (32 genera) in site4, and 85 species (29 genera) in site5.	Spatial and temporal distributions of epipelic algae were noticed in this study. The higher total number of epipelic algae (91504.01cell cm-2) was recorded at site 5 in spring 2012, while the lower was (37017.98cell cm-2) in summer 2012 at site1. Some genera have recorded higher number species during the study period; these genera were Nitzschia, Navicula, Cymbella, Gomphonema, Synedra, Achnanthes, Oscillatoria, and Lyngbya. The study revealed that Bacillariophyceae were more prominent within all study sites and followed by Cyanophyceae, while a few numbers of Chlorophyceae was appeared.
Expression of Recombinant Human Glucocerebrosidase Protein in Sunflowers
Authors: Et al. Al-Dallee 
Published: March 2019

Molecular farming has become one of the most significant implementations of modern biotechnology to generate modified plant crops to produce medicinal proteins. Agrobacterium is one plant genetic engineering tool that integrates genes of interest inside a host plant. In recent years, the need to produce recombinant proteins as therapeutics has growing rapidly, and human glucocerebrosidase is one of the proteins that is need to treat disease. In this study, specific primers were designed to amplify Hu-GBA1 gene from constructed pGEM-GBA plasmid which was cloned into the plant expression vector pCAMBIA1304. The generated recombinant pCAMBIA1304-GBA plasmid was used to transform A. tumefaciens LBA4404 and applied for transformation of sunflower cotyledon explants. Colony PCR technique was used to confirm the presence of Hu-GBA1 gene in transformed A. tumefaciens. Agrobacterium containing pCAMBIA1304-GBA was suspended in Infection Medium (IM) supplement with 200 mM acetosyringone. A bacterial suspension was used to transform sunflower cotyledons. After infection, cotyledons were co-cultivated in Co-cultivation medium (CCM), supplied with 200 mM acetosyringone without antibiotics. The cotyledons were then transferred to selection media containing 7.5 mg/L Hygromycin and 250 mg/L Cefotaxime and grown for additional 14 days at 25℃ in photoperiod of 16h L/8h D. The transformed sunflower cotyledons were successfully generated complete plant with used 6-Benzylaminopurine and Naphthalene acetic acid as growth hormones. The presence of the Hu-GBA1 gene in the genomic DNA of transgenic sunflower plant was proven by PCR as a band of 1561bp size. The GBA mRNA expression in modified sunflowers was detected by qRT-PCR compared with control GBA mRNA. Enzyme Linked Immunoassay was done on crude recombinant protein that extracted from transformed sunflower using Human Glucosylceramide ELISA Kit, the Elisa test results confirmed the production of recombinant glucocerebrosidase and the concentration of crude recombinant enzyme extracted from transformed sunflower with GBA1 gene was 0.45 ng/µl
Evaluation the efficiency of Trichomonas vaginalis depending on clinical sings , direct examination ,culturing and serological test
Authors: Journal Baghdad Science 
Published: March 2019

The adequacy of diagnostic tests, together with trichomoniasis associated clinical symptoms, were investigated in females suffering vaginitis, and they were referred to the Gynecology Department, Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital during the period December 2004 – June 2005. The total number of patients was 250 cases (age range: 18 - 52 years), and each patient was examined using a sterile speculum to obtain vaginal swabs for examination. The diagnosis with T. vaginalis was done in many methods. The direct methods included wet and stained (Leishman's stain) examinations and cultivation in different culture media (Kupferberg Trichomonas Broth Base;, Trichomonas Agar Base; TAB and Trichomonas Modified CPLM), while the indirect methods were serological detections of anti-trichomonas antibodies in the sera of patients by using of indirect haemagglutination test (IHAT) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results of this profile were as the following:
1.	Out of 250 females with abnormal vaginal discharges, 15 patients (6%) were infected with T. vaginalis.
2.	The sensitivity of testing methods was different. It was 66.7 and 13.3% for wet and stained examinations, respectively. In culture examinations, the sensitivity was 60, 80 and 100% for Kupferberg, TAB and CPLM media, respectively, while the sensitivity IHAT and ELISA were 40 and 73.3%, respectively.
3.	The clinical sings of infection in women were discharge and itching (46.7%), discharge with itching and dysuria (20.0%), discharge only (13.3%), itching only (13.3%) and discharge with dysuria (6.7%).
Therefore we can conclude that impossible to the clinical signs in diagnose of Trichomonasis because of the variation and the laboratory diagnosis is necessary especially the cultivation method.
Synthesis of New Mannich Bases from Indole Derivatives
Authors: Journal Baghdad Science 
Published: March 2019

This work includes two steps of synthesis, the first one is the synthesis of indole which was prepared according to literature of the reaction of phenyl hydrazine with acetaldehyde in glacial acetic acid afforded phenyl hydrazone of acetaldehyde , this product was fused with zinc chloride to give the indole.Reaction of cyclohexanone with phenyl hydrazine using the same procedure for the preparing giving 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydrocarbazole.Second step involved synthesis of a series of (17) of mannich bases derivatives of indole and 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydrocarbazle. Mannich reaction involves the condensation of aldehyde usually formaldehyde with different secondary amine and with compound containing an activated hydrogen.The reaction illustrated by the following equation :R2NH+HCHO+RH?R2N-CH2-R+H2O	These compounds were characterized by U.V , FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectra for two compounds. The secondary amines that used to prepare mannich bases are:N-methyl –N-phenyl amine, N,N-dimethyl amine, N,N- diphenyl amine, N-ethyl –N- phenyl amine, N,N-di-n-propyl amine, pyrrolidine, morpholine, N- methyl pipyridine, N,N-dibenzyl amine, N,N-di –n-butyl amine and N,N-di ethyl amine.
Electrochemically Fabricated Solid Phase Microextraction Fibers and Their Applications in Food, Environmental and Clinical Analysis
Authors: Pelit Levent , Pelit Füsun , Ertaş Hasan , Ertaş Fatma Nil 
Published: March 2019

Background:Designing an analytical methodology for complicated matrices, such as biological and environmental samples, is difficult since the sample preparation procedure is the most demanding step affecting the whole analytical process. Nowadays, this step has become more challenging by the legislations and environmental concerns since it is a prerequisite to eliminate or minimize the use of hazardous substances in traditional procedures by replacing with green techniques suitable for the sample matrix.Methods:In addition to the matrix, the nature of the analyte also influence the ease of creating green analytical techniques. Recent developments in the chemical analysis provide us new methodologies introducing microextraction techniques and among them, solid phase microextraction (SPME) has emerged as a simple, fast, low cost, reliable and portable sample preparation technique that minimizes solvent consumption.Results:The use of home-made fibers is popular in the last two decades since the selectivity can be tuned by changing the surface characteristics through chemical and electrochemical modifications. Latter technique is preferred since the electroactive polymers can be coated onto the fiber under controlled electrochemical conditions and the film thicknesses can be adjusted by simply changing the deposition parameters. Thermal resistance and mechanical strength can be readily increased by incorporating different dopant ions into the polymeric structure and selectivity can be tuned by inserting functional groups and nanostructures. A vast number of analytes with wide range of polarities extracted by this means can be determined with a suitable chromatographic detector coupled to the system. Therefore, the main task is to improve the physicochemical properties of the fiber along with the extraction efficiency and selectivity towards the various analytes by adjusting the electrochemical preparation conditions.Conclusion:This review covers the fine tuning conditions practiced in electrochemical preparation of SPME fibers and in-tube systems and their applications in environmental, food and clinical analysis.
Pengembangan multimedia permainan interaktif pembelajaran berhitung bagi anak diskalkulia usia prasekolah
Authors: Fathimah Nusuki Syariati , Ishartiwi Ishartiwi 
Published: March 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan multimedia permainan interaktif pembelajaran berhitung yang layak bagi anak diskalkulia usia prasekolah. Penelitian pengembangan ini mengacu pada langkah pengembangan multimedia Alessi & Trollip mencakup tiga fase pengembangan yang meliputi perencanaan, perancangan, dan pengembangan. Subjek uji coba dalam penelitian ini yaitu dua orang ahli media, dua orang ahli matematika, dan sembilan anak diskalkulia usia prasekolah. Hasil penelitian berupa produk multimedia permainan interaktif pembelajaran berhitung bagi anak diskalkulia usia prasekolah berupa permainan puzzle dan logika yang dikemas dalam bentuk compact disc (CD) dengan menggunakan software Adobe Flash CS3. Multimedia permainan interaktif terdiri dari dua area permainan, yaitu area visual-spasial yang mencakup permainan geometri, klasifikasi, dan simbolisasi dan area sekuensial yang mencakup permainan prosedur, korespondensi, dan bilangan. Multimedia permainan interaktif dinilai sangat layak berdasarkan hasil penilaian ahli media 88,33% dan ahli materi 91,6% serta berdasarkan hasil penilaian respon pengguna 85,18%.Kata kunci: multimedia permainan, berhitung, diskalkulia, prasekolah DEVELOPING INTERACTIVE MULTIMEDIA GAMES OF MATHEMATICS TEACHING TO PRESCHOOL DYSCALCULIC CHILDRENAbstractThis research aimed to develop interactive multimedia games of mathematics learning that was eligible for preschool dyscalculic children. This developmental study refered to the multimedia development phase suggested by Alessi & Trollip consisting of: planning, design, and development. The testing subjects consisted of two media experts, two mathematics experts, and nine preschool dyscalculia children. The results of the study was interactive multimedia games of mathematics learning for preschool dyscalculic children in the form of puzzles and logic games packaged in a compact disc (CD) form using the Adobe Flash CS3 software. The interactive multimedia games had two game areas, consisting of visual-spatial area that consisted of geometry, classification, and symbolization games and sequential area that consisted of procedure, correspondence, and number games. The interactive multimedia games were considered very eligible based on the results from the media experts 88.33% and from the subject matter experts 91.6% and based on the results from user’s responses 85.18%.Keywords: multimedia games, mathematics, dyscalculia, preschool
Pengendalian Temperatur dan Kelembaban dalam Kumbung Jamur Tiram (Pleurotus sp) Secara Otomatis Berbasis Mikrokontroler
Authors: Waluyo Sri , Wahyono Ribut Eko , Lanya Budianto , Telaumbanua Mareli 
Published: March 2019

Oyster mushroom can grow properly at temperatures of 16–30 °C and relative humidity of 80–95%. Environment conditioning by spraying of water in mushroom house manually in the morning and evening as the temperature and humidity controling is less effective and highly bothersome. Using of technology can controlling temperature and humidity in a mushroom house automatically. This research aims to design an automatic control system to control temperature and humidity in oyster mushroom house. Research is located at an altitude of 125 meters above sea level. Automatic control system with a setting point temperature of 25 – 30 °C and humidity of 80 – 95% was tested at mushroom house with dimensions of 4 × 2 × 2 m with a capacity of 600 baglog mushrooms. The results show that the performance of daily temperature and humidity without control is respectively 24.10 to 35.19 °C and 64.28 to 99.90%. While the temperature and humidity with the control system are 25.10 to 30.09 °C and 80.84 to 99.90%, respectively.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN VIDEO TUTORIAL MENGGUNAKAN CAMTASIA STUDIO 8.5 PADA MATAKULIAH SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFI (SIG)
Authors: Rahmad Riki , Yuniastuti Eni , Wirda Mona Adria 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan media pembelajaran dalam bentuk video tutorial menggunakan aplikasi Camtasia Studio 8.5 pada mata kuliah Sistem Informasi Geografi (SIG) di Jurusan Pendidikan Geografi Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Universitas Negeri Medan. Langkah-langkah dalam penelitian pengembangan ini adalah: (1)tahap pendahuluan, (2) tahap perancangan media video tutorial, (3) tahap pembuatan media video tutorial, (4) tahap validasi media, (5) tahap pengujian media video tutorial, dan (6)tahap evaluasi media. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Hasil uji kelayakan dari segi materi pada pengembangan video tutorial menggunakan Camtasia Studio 8.5 pada matakuliah Sistem Informasi Geografi (SIG) dikategorikan sangat layak untuk digunakan dengan catatan perlu dilakukan revisi. Sedangkan hasil uji kelayakan dari segi media dikategorikan cukup layak digunakan dengan beberapa revisi, diantaranya: penambahan teks dan tulisan, musik, detail petunjuk tombol, dan lain sebagainya. Hasil respon mahasiswa mengenai pengembangan video tutorial menggunakan Camtasia Studio 8.5 pada matakuliah Sistem Informasi Geografi (SIG) masuk dalam kategori baik. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan video sudah bagus dan mendapatkan respon positif dari mahasiswa. Kata kunci: pembelajaran, media , Camtasia Studio, SIG ABSTRACT This study aims to produce instructional media in the form of video tutorial using Camtasia Studio 8.5 application in Geography Information System (GIS) course in Geography Education Department Faculty of Social Sciences, Universitas Negeri Medan. The steps in this development research are: (1) preliminary stage, (2) video tutorial design stage, (3) video media tutorial development stage, (4) media validation stage, (5) video media tutorial testing stage, and (6) stage of media evaluation. The results showed that the results of the material feasibility test on the development of video tutorials using Camtasia Studio 8.5 in the Geography Information System (GIS) course are considered very appropriate to be used with the need to revise. While the feasibility test results in terms of media categorized quite feasible to use with some revisions, including: the addition of text and writing, music, detail buttons, and so forth. The result of student's response about video tutorial development using Camtasia Studio 8.5 on Geography Information System (GIS) course in good category. This shows that video development is good and get positive response from students. Keywords: learning, media, Camtasia Studio, GIS
PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN DISCOVERY LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK PADA KOMPETENSI DINAMIKA LITOSFER
Authors: Edeltrudis Maria 
Published: March 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Discovery Learning. Subyek penelitian adalah peserta didik semester II tahun pembelajaran 2017/2018 yang berjumlah 34 orang,terdiri dari peserta didik laki-laki orang dan peserta didik perempuan.Penelitian ini berlangsung dalam 2 siklus yang masing-masing siklus terdiri atas perencanaan,tindakan,observasi dan refleksi. Data yang diperoleh diambil dari hasil observasi,dan data tentang refleksi peserta didik yang diambil dari angket setiap akhir pertemuan. Diukur dari hasil pengamatan berdasarkan lembar observasi,maka peserta didik dinyatakan aktif mengikuti kegiatan pembelajaran. Hasil penelitian pada siklus I menunjukkan rata-rata hasil belajar peserta didik sebesar 79 dan presentase ketuntasan belajar sebesar 66,77%,dan aktivitas belajar peserta didik dalam pembelajaran 82,35%. Pada hasil tes siklus II rata-rata hasil belajar peserta didik adalah 82,ketuntasan belajar 88,24%,serta aktivitas belajar peserta didik 91,18%. Berdasarkan penelitian ini diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Discovery learning pada kompetensi Dinamika litosfer dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik semester II IPS tahun pembelajaran 2017/2018.
PENERAPAN METODE TUTOR SEBAYA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK PADA PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA KONSEP PERKALIAN SKALAR DUA VEKTOR
Authors: Purwantati Yustina Rini 
Published: March 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatankan kompetensi professional pendidik dan meningkatkan prestasi hasil belajar peserta didik pada mata pelajaran matematika dengan menggunakan metode pembelajaran tutor sebaya. Subjek penelitian ini adalah peserta didik Semester 2 MIPA 2 SMAS Katolik Bhaktyarsa Maumere. Data dalam penelitian ini diperoleh melalui pengamatan, ketrampilan berdiskusi peserta didik dengan tutorial, dan tes hasil akhir peserta didik. Data dianalisis secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif diskriptif. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh yaitu persentase keaktifan peserta didik, ketelitian dalm penyelesaian soal dan ketuntasan belajar dan produk mengalami peneingkatan pada setiap siklus. Kemampuan rata-rata peserta didik sebelum adanya implementasi tindakan berkategori kurang. Namun, setelah implementasi tindakan selama dua siklus, kemampuan rata-rata peserta didik menjadi berkategori baik. Hasil penelitian menunjukan (1) secara proses, pembelajaranmatematika konsep perkalian scalar dua vector mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan. Sebelum implementasi tindakan, peserta didik masih belum aktif melakukan diskusi dan belum mampu bekerjasama dengan baik pada saat berdiskusi. Setelah implementasi tindakan, peserta didik menjadi aktif dan mampu bekerjasama dengan baik pada saat berdiskusi; (2) secara produk, dalam menyeleseiakan soal perkalian scalar dua vector memperoleh skor rata-rata 86,67 untuk siklus I dan 89,92 untuk siklus II. Peningkatan prestasi belajar antar siklus yang diperoleh adalah 8,67% untuk ketuntasan klasikal dan 3,25 untuk rata-rata kelas
IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TEAM ASSISTED INDIVIDUALIZATION (TAI) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN AKTIFITAS DAN HASIL BELAJAR MATERI POKOK PASTA
Authors: Sari Luh 
Published: March 2019

Tujuan dari diadakannya penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa kelas XIA5 di SMK N 2 Singaraja Tahun Pelajaran 2016/2017 pada materi pelajaran menganalisis, mengolah dan menyajikan hidangan pasta dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Team Assisted Individualization (TAI). Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI A5 di SMK Negeri 2 Singaraja tahun pelajaran 2016/2017 dengan jumlah siswa sebanyak 39 orang ( 18 ) orang siswa perempuan dan ( 21 ) orang siswa laki-laki ). Sedangkan objek penelitian ini adalah aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa setelah diterapkannya model pembelajaran TAI. Data aktivitas belajar siswa dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan lembar observasi aktivitas belajar siswa yang telah dipersiapkan, sedangkan data hasil belajar siswa yaitu menggunakan tes esay. Analisis data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini menggunakan analisis data deskriptif. Berdasarkan analisis data yang dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa implementasi model kooperatif tipe TAI dapat meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Pengolahan dan Penyajian Makanan Kontinental kelas XI A5 SMK Negeri 2 Singaraja Tahun Pelajaran 2016/2017. Kata kunci: model pembelajaran TAI, aktivitas belajar, hasil belajar siswa
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE STUDENT TEAM ACHIEVEMENT DIVISION UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI DAN PRESTASI BELAJAR ILMU GIZI SISWA
Authors: Muliartini Ni Made 
Published: March 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peningkatan motivasi dan prestasi belajar ilmu gizi siswa kelas X Tata Boga 3 SMK Negeri 2 Singaraja tahun pelajaran 2016/2017 setelah diterapkannya model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Student Team Achievement Division. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X tata boga 3 SMK N 2 Singaraja tahun pelajaran 2016/2017 yang berjumlah 40 orang. Sedangkan objeknya adalah motivasi dan prestasi belajar siswa. Data motivasi belajar siswa dikumpulkan dengan lembar kuesioner, sedangkan data prestasi belajar siswa dikumpulkan dengan tes pilihan ganda. Analisis data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini menggunakan analisis data deskriptif. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model kooperatif tipe Student Team Achievement Division dapat meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa kelas X tata boga 3 SMK Negeri 2 Singaraja tahun pelajaran 2016/2017. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari nilai rata-rata motivasi belajar siklus I sebesar 52.62 dan 58.5 yang berkatagori positif pada siklus II. Untuk rata- rata hasil belajarpada siklus I sebesar 72.25, Pada siklus II menjadi sebesar 80.12. Kata kunci: prestasi belajar, model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe student team achievement division, motivasi belajar