bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Lister AirSeal® port closure technique – Initial patient outcomes
Authors: Mirmilstein G , Noel J , Gbolahan O , Vasdev N , Lane T , Adshead J 
Published: September 2019

Introduction The 12-mm AirSeal® port is widely used in robotically assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy due to its ability to maintain stable pneumoperitoneal pressures and smoke evacuation. However, it creates a potential risk of port site hernia. We have traditionally used EndoClose™ to perform full thickness closure of this port, but noted that patients experienced increased pain related to this procedure, which sometimes persisted for several months. Using the Da Vinci Si we performed peritoneal closure with 2-0 vicryl by switching the fourth arm to the right master controller. The external oblique sheath was closed outside with 1 Ethibond. Materials and methods We performed this closure in 20 consecutive patients (group 1). Postoperative day 1, 2 and post-discharge telephone consultation pain scores (1–10) were recorded and compared with the previous 20 consecutive patients who had the EndoClose closure (group 2). Results We recorded an instructional video to enable reproduction of the new technique. The mean length of stay was 1.5 days for patients in group 1 and 1.9 days for those in group 2 (P = 0.04). There was no difference in operating time or average day 1 pain scores. Post-discharge follow-up call revealed 1 of 20 patients who had AirSeal port site pain in group 1 and 5 of 17 in group 2 (P = 0.04). Pain scores also tended to be higher for group 2. Conclusions Our preliminary analysis of this novel technique to close the AirSeal port in two separate layers improves postoperative pain related to this port site.
Laparoscopic management of a migrated intragastric balloon causing mechanical small bowel obstruction: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Hay D , Ryan G , Somasundaram M , Yip V , Navaratne L 
Published: September 2019

Intragastric balloons have been used as an invasive non-surgical treatment for obesity for over 30 years. Within the last 37 years, we have found only 27 cases reported in the literature of intestinal obstruction caused by a migrated intragastric balloon. We report the laparoscopic management of such a case and make observations from similar case presentations published in the literature. A 26-year-old woman had an intragastric balloon placed endoscopically for weight control 13 months previously. She presented to the emergency department with a four-day history of intermittent abdominal cramps and vomiting. Contrast enhanced computed tomography confirmed the presence of the intragastric balloon within the small bowel. At laparoscopic retrieval, the deflated intragastric balloon was found impacted in the terminal ileum approximately 15 cm from the ileocaecal valve. The balloon was retrieved by enterotomy and primary closure of the ileum without event. The risk of balloon deflation and subsequent migration increases over time but several published cases demonstrate that this complication can occur within six months of insertion. The initial approach to the treatment of migrated intragastric balloons causing small bowel obstruction should be determined by the location of impaction, severity of obstruction and the available skill set of the attending radiologist, endoscopist and/or surgeon. Balloons causing obstruction in the duodenum are likely amenable to endoscopic retrieval whereas impaction within the jejunum or ileum could be managed by percutaneous needle aspiration (in selected cases), endoscopy (double-balloon enteroscopy), laparoscopy or open surgery.
Can preimplantation genetic diagnosis be used for monogenic endocrine diseases?
Authors: Yeager Stephanie , Mehta Shilpa , Sodhi Misha , Shah Bina 
Published: September 2019

AbstractContextPreimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) is currently used for over 400 monogenic diseases. Some endocrine conditions that occur due to monogenic defects are either life-threatening or can cause severe morbidities; thus, PGD may be an option to avoid the occurrence of such diseases.Evidence acquisitionAn initial search in PubMed/Medline search was done to identify monogenic endocrine conditions using appropriate search terms. Eleven articles (1999–2018) reported 15 cases using PGD for monogenic endocrine diseases performed at major reproductive centers. Clinical and outcome data of these cases were reviewed with respect to the number of PGD cycles, successful pregnancy rates, live births and their genetic status.Evidence synthesisFifteen couples underwent 32 PGD cycles (one to nine per couple), of which 17 resulted in a pregnancy. Seven couples underwent a single PGD cycle. Four couples had successful pregnancies each resulting in live births, one couple had an unsuccessful pregnancy, one needed medical termination of pregnancy and the outcome data were not reported in one. The remaining eight couples underwent multiple PGD cycles (two to nine per couple) and all had successful pregnancies in at least one cycle resulting in 16 live births. Of the total live births, 60% were genetically unaffected and 40% were carriers of the autosomal recessive gene mutation.ConclusionsPGD may be a potential tool for preventing the inheritance of severe monogenic endocrine diseases in future generations. Currently, the use of PGD in endocrine disorders is rare but provides a promising option on a case-by-case basis, provided the optimal resources are available.
Severe arterial hypertension and hyperandrogenism in a boy: a rare case of catecholamine- and β-HCG-secreting pheochromocytoma
Authors: Chiale Federica , Abrigo Enrica , Lonati Luca , Di Rosa Gianpaolo , Morra Isabella , Peruzzi Licia , Einaudi Silvia 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Pheochromocytomas (PCCs) and paragangliomas (PGLs) are known to physicians as the “great mimickers” because of their variable presentation, especially in the pediatric population. Rarely, they co-secrete other hormones.

Case presentation
An 11-year-old boy presented with severe hypertension (HTN) with cardiac target organ damage. Signs of genital and cutaneous androgenization were observed, but the gonadal volume was prepubertal (2 mL). Urine normetanephrine and norepinephrine levels were elevated. Increased beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG) and pubertal testosterone values with suppressed values of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) suggested an androgenization secondary to HCG hyperproduction. Imaging revealed a right adrenal mass, suggestive for PCC. Histopathology confirmed a PCC with positive staining for β-HCG. Postoperative resolution of symptoms of β-HCG and catecholamine excess and normalization of hormonal levels confirmed the diagnosis.

Conclusions
Ectopic hormone secretion from PCC is possible, even if rare. Signs and symptoms attributable to ectopic hormones should be investigated in PCC patients. To date, this is the first case of a β-HCG-secreting PCC.
Ag nanoparticle-enhanced alkyl radical generation in photopolymerization for holographic recording
Authors: Guo Jinxin , Jian Jialing , Wang Meng , Tomita Yasuo , Cao Lin , Wang Dayong , Zhang Xinping 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We report a new Ag nanoparticle-dispersed polymer nanocomposite for volume holographic recording through acrylic photopolymerization. The initial grating buildup dynamics at the inhibition stage are measured at various Ag nanoparticle concentrations. The refractive index modulation amplitude as large as 0.0069 at 633 nm is seen at the optimum Ag nanoparticle concentration of 1 wt.% with respect to the monomer. Electron paramagnetic resonance measurements show that Ag nanoparticles influence both the generation of alkyl radicals and the scavenging of oxygen in free radical photopolymerization. This mechanism intrinsically determines the molecular weight of polymer being formed and, thereby, affects the refractive index modulation amplitude of the formed grating as a function of Ag nanoparticle concentrations. Moreover, we confirm that two-beam holographic exposure leads to a periodic assembly of dispersed Ag nanoparticles using a dark-field microscopy. Our results suggest a simple way to control the photopolymerization and, therefore, to tailor polymers for practical uses.
Why Preserve? An Analysis of Preservation Discourses
Authors: Schüller-Zwierlein André 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe greatest risk in preservation is lack of motivation. Why we should be in need of preservation at all, why we should need the enduring access to information, is far from agreed upon. Correspondingly, preservation institutions are continually in danger. Thus one of the most important functions of institutions is to survive. The public motivation of preservation is one of the foremost tasks of preservation institutions. It is important to analyze the pros and cons of some of the most popular current motivational discourses – those based on the termscultural treasures,cultural heritage, andcultural memory– and examine the lesser known but more effective alternatives such asintergenerational justice,tradition as an ongoing conversation, andkeeping the present accessible.In doing that, the article addresses fundamental questions concerning the function, theraison d’ȇtre, of libraries and archives. The paper concludes with a proposition for further research.
Ellipsometric inline inspection of dielectric substrates with nonplanar surfaces
Authors: Hartrumpf Matthias , Chen Chia-Wei , Längle Thomas , Beyerer Jürgen 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
An analytical solution for the determination of either angle of incidence (AOI) and the refractive index from combined ellipsometric and reflectometric measurements at dielectric substrates is presented. The solution is of special importance for retroreflex ellipsometry (but not limited to this application). Overcoming the geometric restrictions of conventional ellipsometers, the patented retroreflex ellipsometry can detect changes of intensity and the state of polarization in or at test objects even with curved surfaces. In contrast to conventional ellipsometers where the AOI is set by the adjustment procedure, the AOI is usually unknown in retroreflex ellipsometry. For quantitative analysis, the knowledge of the AOI is nevertheless essential. The proposed combination of retroreflex-reflectometry and retroreflex-ellipsometry opens the path to precise measurements of either surface geometry and index of refraction of nonplanar dielectric substrates (e. g. surfaces of freeform optics).
A selective fluorescence probe for copper(II) ion in aqueous solution based on a 1,8-naphthalimide Schiff base derivative
Authors: Qu Yao , Wu Yancong , Wang Cong , Zhao Kun , Wu Huilu 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In order to realize real-time monitoring of Cu2+, a new fluorescent probe HL, a Schiff base derivative of N-n-butyl-4-[2]-1,8-naphthalimide, has been designed and synthesized. In methanol-HEPES [2-(4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl)-ethanesulfonic acid] solution (1:1, v/v, pH = 7.4) HL showed excellent selectivity towards Cu2+ over other common coexisting metal ions. The fluorescence intensity for HL showed a good linearity with the concentration of Cu2+ ions in the range of 0.5–5.0 μm. Based on combined fluorescence titration, Job’s plot analysis, and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry results, Cu2+ forms a 1:2 complex with L. The fluorescence intensity of HL exhibits significant quenching after binding with Cu2+, owing to the strong, intrinsic paramagnetic behavior of Cu2+. Ultimately, in order to test the performance of the synthesized probe, HL was preliminarily applied to the determination of Cu2+ in the Yellow River and in tap water with satisfying results.
Structure elucidation and antimicrobial activities of five compounds from Artemisia integrifolia L
Authors: Wang Qing-Hu , Xu Yan-Hua , Bao Wen-Qiang , Pa Bi-Le-Ge-Tu , Hao Jun-Sheng 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
A new compound, integracid (1), together with four known compounds were isolated from the dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) extract from Artemisia integrifolia L. The structures of compounds (1–5) were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including ultraviolet, infrared (IR), high resolution-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS) and extensive one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques, and by comparison with data reported in the references. Antibacterial activities of the compounds were evaluated against various bacteria.
Chemogenetic Inhibition Reveals That Processing Relative But Not Absolute Threat Requires Basal Amygdala
Authors: Campese Vincent D. , Kim Ian T. , Hou Mian , Gupta Saurav , Draus Cassandra , Kurpas Botagoz , Burke Kelsey , LeDoux Joseph E. 
Published: September 2019

While our understanding of appetitive motivation has benefited immensely from the use of selective outcome devaluation tools, the same cannot be said about aversive motivation. Findings from appetitive conditioning studies have shown that basal amygdala is required for behaviors that are sensitive to updates in outcome value, but similar results in aversive motivation are difficult to interpret due to a lack of outcome specificity. The studies reported here sought to develop procedures to isolate sensory-specific processes in aversive learning and behavior and to assess the possible contribution of the basal amygdala. Post-training changes to outcome value produced commensurate changes to subsequently tested conditioned responding in male rodents. Specifically, increases in shock intensity (i.e., inflation) augmented, while repeated exposure to (i.e., habituation of) an aversive sound (klaxon-horn) reduced freezing to conditioned stimuli previously paired with these outcomes. This was extended to a discriminative procedure, in which following revaluation of one event, but not the other, responding was found to be dependent on outcome value signaled by each cue. Chemogenetic inactivation of basal amygdala impaired this discrimination between stimuli signaling differently valued outcomes, but did not affect the revaluation process itself. These findings demonstrate a contribution of the basal amygdala to aversive outcome-dependent motivational processes.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe specific content of pavlovian associative learning has been well studied in appetitive motivation, where the value of different foods can be easily manipulated. This has facilitated our understanding of the neural circuits that generate different forms of motivation (i.e., sensory specific vs general). Studies of aversive learning have not produced the same degree of understanding with regard to sensory specificity due to a lack of tools for evaluating sensory-specific processes. Here we use a variant of outcome devaluation procedures with aversive stimuli to study the role of basal amygdala in discriminating between aversive stimuli conveying different degrees of threat. These findings have implications for how we study generalized threat to identify dysregulation that can contribute to generalized anxiety.
Brown adipose tissue activity is reduced in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Flávia R Oliveira , Mamede Marcelo , Bizzi Mariana F , Ana Luiza L Rocha , Ferreira Cláudia N , Gomes Karina B , Cândido Ana L , Reis Fernando M 
Published: September 2019

Objective
To evaluate whether brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity is altered in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and whether BAT activity correlates with plasma levels of irisin, a myokine that can induce BAT formation.

Design
We performed a cross-sectional study including women with PCOS (n = 45) and a healthy control group (n = 25) matched by age and body mass index (BMI).

Methods
BAT activity was measured using 18F-FDG positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) and plasma irisin levels were measured by a validated enzyme immunoassay.

Results
Total BAT activity was significantly reduced in women with PCOS (maximal standardized uptake value (SUVmax): median 7.4 g/mL, interquartile range 0.9–15.4) compared to controls (median 13.0 g/mL, interquartile range 4.7–18.4, P = 0.047). However, this difference was no longer significant after adjustment for waist circumference, a surrogate marker of central adiposity. In the PCOS group, BAT activity correlated negatively with BMI (Spearman’s r = −0.630, P = 0.000) and waist circumference (r = −0.592, P = 0.000) but not with plasma irisin levels.

Conclusions
BAT activity was reduced in women with PCOS possibly due to increased central adiposity. In PCOS women, BAT activity did not correlate with plasma irisin levels.
Wettbewerb und Privatautonomie: Gegenseitige Gefährdungen im digitalen Zeitalter
Authors: Guski Roman 
Published: September 2019

Zusammenfassung
Die Aufgabe des Kartellrechts ist es, eine Selbstsabotage der Privatautonomie zu verhindern. Diese systemimmanente Antinomie nimmt unter Bedingungen digitalisierter Kommunikation neue Formen an. So steuern Intermediäre wie Suchmaschinen und Plattformen den Zugriff auf Informationen und die Bedingungen des Wettbewerbs, und durch datenbezogene Geschäftsbedingungen lassen sich Wirkungen erzielen, die aus Sicht der Privatautonomie problematisch sind. Das Kartellrecht reagiert hierauf durch Erweiterung des Marktbegriffs und Anpassung der Missbrauchstatbestände. Inwiefern das Kartellrecht über den Schutz der Wettbewerbsordnung hinaus eine gesamtgesellschaftliche Ordnungsfunktion hat, ist fraglich. Dies hängt unter anderem davon ab, inwiefern sich systemexterne Voraussetzungen für unternehmerischen Wettbewerb in die kartellrechtliche Bewertung einbeziehen lassen.
A Toolbox to Characterize Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell–Derived Kidney Cell Types and Organoids
Authors: Vanslambrouck Jessica M. , Wilson Sean B. , Tan Ker Sin , Soo Joanne Y.-C. , Scurr Michelle , Spijker H. Siebe , Starks Lakshi T. , Neilson Amber , Cui Xiaoxia , Jain Sanjay , Little Melissa Helen , Howden Sara E. 
Published: September 2019

Significance Statement
Kidney organoids generated from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) show great potential for modeling kidney diseases and studying disease pathogenesis. However, the relative accuracy with which kidney organoids model normal morphogenesis, as well as the maturity and identity of the renal cell types they comprise, remain to be fully investigated. The authors describe the generation and validation of ten fluorescent CRISPR/Cas9 gene-edited iPSC reporter lines specifically designed for the visualization, isolation, and characterization of cell types and states within kidney organoids, and demonstrate the use of these lines for cellular isolation, time-lapse imaging, protocol optimization, and lineage-tracing applications. These tools offer promise for better understanding this model system and its congruence with human kidney morphogenesis.

Background
The generation of reporter lines for cell identity, lineage, and physiologic state has provided a powerful tool in advancing the dissection of mouse kidney morphogenesis at a molecular level. Although use of this approach is not an option for studying human development in vivo, its application in human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is now feasible.

Methods
We used CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing to generate ten fluorescence reporter iPSC lines designed to identify nephron progenitors, podocytes, proximal and distal nephron, and ureteric epithelium. Directed differentiation to kidney organoids was performed according to published protocols. Using immunofluorescence and live confocal microscopy, flow cytometry, and cell sorting techniques, we investigated organoid patterning and reporter expression characteristics.

Results
Each iPSC reporter line formed well patterned kidney organoids. All reporter lines showed congruence of endogenous gene and protein expression, enabling isolation and characterization of kidney cell types of interest. We also demonstrated successful application of reporter lines for time-lapse imaging and mouse transplantation experiments.

Conclusions
We generated, validated, and applied a suite of fluorescence iPSC reporter lines for the study of morphogenesis within human kidney organoids. This fluorescent iPSC reporter toolbox enables the visualization and isolation of key populations in forming kidney organoids, facilitating a range of applications, including cellular isolation, time-lapse imaging, protocol optimization, and lineage-tracing approaches. These tools offer promise for enhancing our understanding of this model system and its correspondence with human kidney morphogenesis.
Biological rationale for a patient-specific approach in the treatment of breast cancer. Clinical value of novel biomarkers of breast cancer
Authors: Paltuev R. M. 
Published: September 2019

Breast cancer, being the most common type of malignant diseases, remains a significant challenge for both clinicians and fundamental researchers. The implementation of screening mammography, as well as adjuvant and neoadjuvant systemic therapy has made a significant progress in tackling the disease. The studies aimed at the assessment of novel biomarkers of breast cancer, alternative to standard ones, are becoming increasingly relevant. A number of new markers, such as p53, CK5/6, SMA, p63, PHH3, E-cadherin, EGFR, FOXA1, androgen receptors, TILs etc., have demonstrated their high predictive and/or prognostic value in multiple studies. New findings suggest that evaluation of novel biomarkers in breast cancer requires further thorough analysis.Recent studies have identified the role of biomarkers in choosing an optimal treatment strategy for breast cancer, estimated the prognostic value of biomarkers associated with tumor proliferative activity (including cyclin D1, G1-cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6, and cyclin-dependent kinases 8/19), specified the role of phospho-histone H3 (which is a proliferation marker that can be used to determine tumor grade), and evaluated the prognostic value of androgen receptors and other biomarkers. Multiple studies have also analyzed the expression of various biomarkers and their impact on overall and relapse-free survival.
Research and Verification of Blackbody Radiation Law
Authors: Lu Xiaoming , Tang Qishan , Kang Wendong 
Published: September 2019

<p>Blackbody radiation theory is one of the important origins of light quantum theory in the twentieth century. It is not only an important basis for quantum mechanics and photonics theory, but also an important conclusion of blackbody radiation, and an important foundation of modern measurement. In the early nineteenth century, the study of thermal radiation was supported by thermodynamics and spectroscopy, and the rapid development of electromagnetism and optics was used. By the end of the 19th century, it was recognized that both the thermal radiation and the optical radiation were electromagnetic waves, and began to study the distribution of radiant energy in different frequency ranges, especially the study of blackbody radiation in theory and practice. Blackbody radiation experiment is one of the contents of modern physics experiment in colleges and universities. This paper mainly studies and validates the law of blackbody radiation by the WGH-10 blackbody experimental device. There is already a calibrated bromine tungsten lamp energy curve at 2940k. At the beginning of the experiment, we should scan at 2940k color temperature to get the baseline, and then calculate the transfer function. Again, the energy curve obtained by scanning at different color temperatures is divided by the transfer function to obtain the correct energy radiation curve. The experimental study of blackbody radiation by computer scanning grating spectrometer and bromine tungsten lamp was carried out. By means of scrolling grating and sine mechanism, the data were recorded by computer scanning to verify the three laws of blackbody radiation directly, and the radiation, transmission and reception of blackbody were analyzed Error correction. </p>