bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Os princípios de Darwin na consolidação dos conteúdos de Evolução do Ensino Médio
Authors: Dell' Antonio Bruna Malavazi , Junior Vilacio Caldara 
Published: October 2018

O conceito de Evolução Biológica, baseado na Seleção Natural, é considerado um guia articulador dos conteúdos da Biologia, além de contribuir para a construção do pensamento crítico dos alunos, devido ao seu caráter controverso. Entretanto, o seu ensino em sala de aula enfrenta obstáculos, como a falta de tempo, escassez de recursos didáticos e o conhecimento prévio dos alunos. Tendo em vista minimizar as dificuldades em se trabalhar o tema em sala de aula, objetivou-se nesse trabalho avaliar a eficácia da intervenção utilizando um protocolo de ensino de Evolução Biológica no Ensino Médio baseado nos cinco princípios fundamentais de Charles Darwin, por meio de instrumentos para o ensino. O projeto foi aplicado no Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo – Campus Santa Teresa, com duas turmas da terceira série do Ensino Médio. As informações dos jogos, site e vídeo serviram de base para trabalhar as premissas do protocolo e como fundamento para os conceitos do livro didático. Para a obtenção de dados, os alunos desenvolveram relatórios ao final de cada etapa, que foram analisados a partir do método pedagógico de categorização de conteúdos, quadros e gráfico. Verificou-se que o uso de uma metodologia alternativa mais dinâmica, estruturada nas premissas de Darwin, permitiu maior entendimento sobre a Evolução e despertou maior atenção dos discentes, colaborando para o desenvolvimento das aulas. Portanto, conclui-se que a proposta metodológica surge como uma alternativa eficaz quanto à articulação dos conceitos da Biologia à luz da Evolução, facilitando o trabalho do professor e potencializando a aprendizagem do aluno.
O CONHECIMENTO DE ESTUDANTES SOBRE O HIV/AIDS E A IMPORTÂNCIA DE JOGOS E TEATRO NA RECONSTRUÇÃO DE CONCEITOS RELACIONADOS AO TEMA
Authors: Goulart Amanda , Silva Debora Valim da , Carnevali Andréa De Carvalho , Reis Eveliy De Fátima Pereira , Dias Raphael Antônio Prado , Carlos-Bender Jaqueline 
Published: October 2018

A Organização Mundial de Saúde relata que a grande maioria dos adolescentes inicia sua vida sexual entre 12 e 17 anos. Jovens caracterizam-se pela vulnerabilidade às Doenças Sexualmente Transmissíveis, como a Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Humana. Objetivamos avaliar o grau de conhecimento sobre AIDS/HIV entre adolescentes e adultos em comunidade escolar e, após a aplicação de recursos educativos, determinar a eficácia na aquisição de conhecimento sobre o assunto. O instrumento de coleta utilizado foram questionários que abordavam dados gerais do participante e perguntas a respeito do tema. Com base nos resultados obtidos na primeira etapa, os alunos do ensino fundamental o participaram do jogo “Zig ZAIDS”, desenvolvido pela Fiocruz, e assistiram a um teatro, representando o modo de atuação do vírus HIV nas células, assim como situações do cotidiano vividas por portadores. Em seguida, um segundo questionário foi aplicado, abrangendo o conteúdo apresentado no jogo e no teatro. Na primeira coleta, observou-se diferenças de conhecimento entre gênero e escolaridade. A partir destes dados, observa-se a influência da escolaridade no nível de informação dos estudantes. Concluímos também que o jogo e o teatro mostraram-se efetivos para o ensino desse tema, sendo uma importante ferramenta metodológica de apoio aos professores de Biologia.
The Differences of Mathematics Learning Outcomes between Think Pair Share (TPS) and Number Heads Together (NHT)
Authors: Kusuma Arie Purwa , Maskuroh Maskuroh 
Published: October 2018

The low learning outcomes of mathematics are not appropriate thought of learning models in the classroom. Therefore, the NHT and TPS learning models can be applied to improve the learning of outcomes of the student. This study aims to determine the differences in learning outcomes using the NHT learning model with the TPS learning model. The sampling technique is used as a random sampling cluster with 2 groups of experiments for the first experimental group (classroom view of TPS model) and the second experimental group (classes of NHT modeling). The instrument of this research uses the test of mathematics learning result. The hypothesis test is used T-Test. The conclusion of research that are differences in the outcomes of the two learning models (NHT and TPS) on learning outcomes, based on the marginal mean of the TPS learning model is better learning outcomes than the NHT learning model.
Experimental Study of the Analgesic Effect of the Antidepressant Escitalopram
Authors: Zlatanova Hristina I. , Kandilarov Ilin K. , Kostadinov Ilia D. , Delev Delian P. , Georgieva-Kotetarova Maria T. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Background: Antidepressants have been found to possess antinociceptive and analgesic properties and are prescribed in the treatment of chronic pain.
Aim: To evaluate the antinociceptive properties of escitalopram after a single administration.
Materials and methods: Forty Wistar rats were used in the study. They were divided into 5 groups (n=8) treated with saline solution (control group), metamizole (150 mg/kg b.w.), escitalopram (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg b.w.) intraperitoneally. The nociceptive tests we used employed thermal (hot plate and plantar test), mechanical (analgesimeter) and chemical (formalin test) stimuli. Criteria for analgesic effect were increased latency in hot plate, plantar test, analgesimeter and decreased paw licking time in formalin test.
Results: The reference analgesic metamizole showed significant analgesic effect in all tests excluding the first phase with formalin. Escitalopram in doses of 5 and 20 mg/kg b.w. increased paw withdrawal latency in analgesimeter at 2 hours compared to control. Escitalopram in a dose of 5 mg/kg b.w. increased the duration of the stay on the hot plate at 1 hour, while doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg b.w. significantly increased this indicator at 1 and 3 hours in comparison to the saline treated group. In the plantar test, escitalopram in all used doses significantly increased the nociceptive response latency compared to control. A dose of 5 mg/kg b.w. decreased hind paw licking time during phase 1 of the formalin test, whereas doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg b.w. decreased phase 2 licking time compared to the control group.
Conclusion: The antidepressant escitalopram has analgesic properties but they are not dose- or time-dependent.
Management of High and Very High-Risk Subjects with Familial Hypercholesterolemia: Results from an Observational Study in Bulgaria
Authors: Petrov Ivo S. , Postadzhiyan Arman Sh. , Tokmakova Mariya P. , Kitova Lyudmila G. , Tsonev Svetlin N. , Addison Janet , Petkova Reneta T. , Lachev Vasil I. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Background: Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is a genetic disorder causing accelerated atherosclerosis and premature cardiovascular disease (CVD). This retrospective observational study examined the clinical characteristics and management of FH subjects in Bulgaria over a 12-month period.
Materials and methods: Twelve cardiology sites participated in this study from May 2015 to May 2016. Eligible subjects had at least two routine low-density lipo-protein cholesterol (LDL C) measurements and a prescription for lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) at the start of the observation period. Mean values for gender, age and cardiovascular (CV) event history at baseline and LDL-C over time were estimated.
Results: Of the 220 eligible subjects, 196 fulfilled the criteria for FH diagnosis: 27 definite, 94 probable and 75 possible. Mean age at enrolment was 54.4 years and 64.1% of subjects were male. Mean CV risk classification at baseline was 26.8% high-risk (HR) and 73.2% very high-risk (VHR). Mean LDL-C was 5.6 mmol/L at enrolment and 4.1 mmol/L at last observation visit (12 months). The ESC/EAS Guideline LDL-C targets (applicable at the time of the study) were achieved by 14.5% of HR and 5.0% of VHR subjects. Most subjects (n=219) received statins. One subject was statin intolerant (ezetimibe therapy). Intensive statin treatment (atorvastatin 40–80 mg/daily and rosuvastatin 20–40 mg/daily) was used in 38.6% of individuals during the observation period and 10% of subjects received combination therapy (statin plus ezetimibe or other LLT).
Conclusions: Most subjects with FH do not reach the ESC/EAS defined LDL-C targets. Early identification and physician education may improve FH management.
Beneficial Effects of Olive Oil on the Rats’ Cerebellum: Functional and Structural Evidence
Authors: Noorafshan Ali , Asadi-Golshan Reza , Erfanizadeh Mahboobeh , Karbalay-Doust Saied 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Background: Olive oil is a food additive and used in many biological studies as a solvent for other chemicals, including drugs.
Aim: The present study aimed to investigate the effects of olive oil on rats’ cerebellum structure and motor function.
Materials and methods: Male rats were randomly divided into two groups orally receiving distilled water and olive oil (1 ml/kg/day). At the end of week 4, motor function was assessed in the rotarod test. The cerebellum was removed for stereo-logical assessment.
Data were analyzed using a two-way repeated measures ANOVA for rotarod test and Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U test for quantitative histological parameters.
Results: Performance of the olive oil-treated rats in fixed and accelerating speed rotarod was better and their riding time (endurance) was greater compared to the control group (p<0.05). However, no significant difference was found between the two groups regarding the total volume of the cerebellar hemisphere, its cortex, and deep cerebellar nuclei. The total number of the Purkinje, Bergman, and Golgi of the granular layer as well as neurons of the deep cerebellar nuclei was 26 - 36% higher in the olive oil-treated rats than in the distilled water treated group (p<0.03).
Conclusion: The study findings suggest that olive oil has neuroprotective effects on the cerebellum and induces better performance of the rats in the rotarod.
Pilot Study to Assess Outcomes of a Drug Allergy Clarification Service on a General Medicine Floor at a Local Community Hospital
Authors: Deas Crystal , White C. Whitney 
Published: October 2018

Purpose: Drug allergy documentation in the patient medical record varies in level of detail, and drug intolerances are often inappropriately documented as an allergy in the medical record. A pilot study was conducted to determine the impact of a pharmacy-led drug allergy clarification service.
Methods: The pilot quality improvement service was implemented in Fall 2016. General medicine patients were identified through daily census reporting and the electronic medical record (EMR) was reviewed within 72 hours of admission for documented drug allergies and/or intolerances. Patients were interviewed by a clinical pharmacist or a fourth year pharmacy student to determine a complete drug allergy and intolerance history.
Results: A total of 55 patients were interviewed and received the pilot service. A drug allergy/intolerance was documented in EMR for 54.5% (n=30) of patients interviewed. Of those 30 patients, 96.6% (n=29) were noted to have at least one discrepancy between EMR documentation and patient interview. The primary discrepancy noted was drug allergies or intolerances documented in the EMR without a description of the reaction.
Conclusion: A pharmacy-led drug allergy clarification service was effective in identifying and clarifying EMR documentation of patients’ drug allergies and intolerances. Patients with incorrect or incomplete allergy documentation may receive alternative therapy, which could increase costs and lead to unwanted adverse effects or less effective treatment. As a result of the pilot study, the program has remained in effect and is being expanded to other units within the institution.
Article Type: Original Research
A Journey to Understand Enjoyment in Academic Writing
Authors: Janke Kristin K , Von Hoff Bethany , Dy-Boarman Eliza 
Published: October 2018

To assist academic writers in finding enjoyment in writing, this paper draws a distinction between enjoying the process of writing and enjoying the nature of writing. Based on an examination of academic writing literature, analysis of personal experiences, and a review of the positive psychology literature, conditions that support writing enjoyment are posited. Readers are invited to examine their personal experience with writing enjoyment relative to these levers. Concrete actions for authors to improve enjoyment in writing are suggested based on the theories discussed, including actions to support flow, creativity, curiosity, courage, mindset, purpose, and humility.
Article Type: Commentary
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Inventaris Barang Pada Sekolah SMA Negeri 4 Pematangsiantar
Authors: Siregar Victor Marudut Mulia 
Published: October 2018

Perancangan Sistem informasi inventaris barang ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk mempermudah pencatatan data barang yang cukup banyak dan rumit serta masih dikelola secara manual pada SMA Negeri 4 kota Pematangsiantar. Sistem informasi yang dirancang terdiri dari beberapa bagian antara lain: pencatatan data tempat inventaris, pencatatan barang masuk, pencatatan barang keluar, mutasi barang serta pembuatan laporan barang masuk dan laporan barang keluar. Hasil implementasi dari Sistem informasi inventaris ini adalah pencatatan data inventaris serta pembuatan laporan inventaris lebih mudah untuk dilakukan. Dengan adanya sistem informasi inventaris barang ini, pekerjaan pendataan inventaris barang pada SMA Negeri 4 Pematangsiantar sudah dapat dilakukan dengan lebih cepat dan akurat.
O uso da internet como recurso para pesquisa
Authors: Souza Janice Zanon Piacentini , Gitahy Raquel Rosan Christino 
Published: October 2018

Este trabalho é o resultado de um estudo bibliográfico visando a refletir e conceituar o uso da internet como mais um recurso metodológico em sala de aula, para auxiliar e despertar no aluno o interesse pelas pesquisas educacionais. Esta nova alternativa apresenta uma série de pontos positivos, pois a internet disponibiliza uma gama de conteúdos diversificados e em tempo real na comunicação com o mundo. Porém, é necessária a conscientização dos perigos que internet pode oferecer em sala de aula pelo uso incorreto por profissionais não qualificados para esta nova tecnologia. Ela abre caminhos para a aquisição de novas experiências que podem conduzir à promoção da cidadania, já que a sociedade é produto de experiências adquiridas através dos tempos. Assim sendo, deve ser utilizada como mais uma ferramenta para resgatar no aluno o anseio pelo saber e, ao mesmo tempo, fazer com que professores repensem suas práticas metodológicas educacionais e reflitam que, por meio do computador, também alcançarão ensino e aprendizagem. A inclusão digital nas escolas é um espaço cujo objetivo é promover e assegurar ao aluno a exposição de suas ideias, e sua interação com o mundo de forma participativa e criativa. O uso do micro e de todos os demais recursos tecnológicos disponíveis, se colocados como auxiliares estimuladores do raciocínio lógico e da sede e busca de conhecimento e troca de experiências, levará certamente à superação de suas próprias limitações, provocando o desenvolvimento de capacidades cognitivas, ou seja, indiretamente ocorrerá a inclusão na sociedade do mundo digital. Palavras-chave: Tecnologia. Internet. Aluno. Pesquisa.
A representação da identidade do professor na discursivização da revista nova escola
Authors: Pereira Taciana Virgínia Ramalho , Steigenberger Fabiana Fernanda 
Published: October 2018

A linguagem não deve ser vista apenas como uma simbolização para gerar uma comunicação, ela é experiência cotidiana dos falantes situando-os no tempo e no espaço. Dessa forma, a Análise do Discurso busca estudar o homem na sua história para mostrar quais efeitos de sentidos podem ser produzidos no discurso. Embasada nessa linha teórica, a presente pesquisa se propõe a analisar as práticas linguageiras da Revista Nova Escola para averiguar o tipo de professor que o periódico endossa como bom profissional. Essa preocupação nos leva a analisar no fio discursivo as formas de representação da identidade do sujeito professor. E, consequentemente, o ethos construído para o docente. Para tanto, elegemos como corpus dois artigos de opinião publicados na coluna Pense Nisso do periódico aqui estudado. Palavras-chave: Análise do Discurso. Bom professor. Ethos. Identidade.
As formas de conhecimento e a construção de novos significados para os jovens das periferias de Manus: área compreendida entre monte das oliveiras, São José IV e Coroado
Authors: Oliveira André Vilhena 
Published: October 2018

Ao proporcionar à oportunidade do jovem a educação é torná-lo um cidadão crítico e pronto para atuar na sociedade, moldando uma identidade cultural, e deste princípio buscar os pontos positivos que sempre fazem parte da juventude, a fim de traçar metas de melhoria da qualidade de vida, no qual tornará marco inicial para uma ação social. Neste contexto propõem-se atividades reais e troca de experiências que possibilitaram a detecção dos problemas e a mostra de soluções viáveis para a melhoria de oportunidades, e de mudanças de perspectivas, desmistificar a periferia e demonstrar que a mesma não passa de pobreza engendrada pelo próprio processo de urbanização, tornando relevante um estudo da periferia de Manaus, enfatizando a vida dos jovens, aspirações, sonhos e a real possibilidade de realização, levando-se em conta o grande número de percalços, que estes enfrentam em sua realidade que vão desde problemas físicos, mentais, espirituais e morais. Palavras-chave: Periferia. Jovem. Pobreza. Conhecimento.
Inclusão na educação superior brasileira: análise da produção científica
Authors: Torres Josiane Pereira , Calheiros David dos Santos , Santos Vivian 
Published: October 2018

Dados censitários têm evidenciado o aumento no número de matrículas de alunos público-alvo da educação especial no ensino superior. Esse estudo teve como objetivo analisar, por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática, o processo de inclusão na educação superior brasileira. A coleta de dados ocorreu no Portal de Periódicos da CAPES e os descritores usados para as buscas foram extraídos do Thesaurus Brasileiro da Educação. Foram selecionados para análise, na íntegra, 13 artigos. O procedimento de análise dos artigos consistiu em realizar a leitura dos textos na íntegra e no registro dos dados obtidos em um roteiro de análise. Os resultados apontam a escassez de pesquisas científicas nessa temática, contudo um aparente interesse maior nos últimos anos. Assim, vê-se a necessidade de explorar essa temática para que as principais dificuldades sejam evidenciadas, de modo a buscar melhores condições para garantir a plena inclusão no ensino superior.
Aspect-ratio Dependence of Optical Nonlinearities on Resonance with Longitudinal Surface Plasmon in Au Nanorods: Unique Character versus Common Behavior
Authors: Nature Science 
Published: October 2018

Unique character and common behavior are two distinguished things. In frontier nanoscience and nanotechnology, unique characters were normally obtained in some novel exotics materials such as metal-metal core-shell materials, metallic-semiconducting hybrid nanomaterials, and organic-inorganics complex nano-compounds. On the other hand, normal behavior of natural phenomena including in nano-size objects were obviously predicted based on their exact size related to confinement effect, and capability to interact with another physical system in nature. Here, we report an example of unique character due to evolution nonlinear behavior observed in gold nanorod with their aspect-ratio dependence of optical nonlinearities investigated by femtosecond Z-scan measurements closed to resonance longitudinal surface plasmon peak in gold nanorods (Au NRs). Saturable absorption manifests itself at low excitation (laser irradiances < ~7.0 GW/cm2), while reverse saturable absorption dominates at higher excitation. Both the nonlinear processes are found to increase with the aspect ratio of Au NRs. Based on the discrete dipole approximation, qualitative explanations are presented for the observed nonlinear behavior. While common behavior in metallic quantum dots or other shapes of metallic nanomaterials was not the significant in our observation.
Role of Nurse as Care Giver and Advocator In The Ward, Era National Health Insurance (NHI) Program
Authors: Indriati Indriati , Hartoyo Mugi , Dwiningsih Sri Utami 
Published: October 2018

Background: There are many National Health Insurance (NHI) participants who do not yet understand the mechanism of NHI services, including clients who are hospitalized. The phenomena that exist on the field, that the client will enlist the help of health professionals who are always in the ward, especially nurses, to provide information on all matters, including NHI. On the other hand, nurses have a major role in caring for clients, based on their duties and functions.
Purpose : This study aims to determine if there is expansion of the role of nurses as care giver and advokator in the inpatient unit, era NHI program.
Methods : This research is a descriptive study of the role of nurses as care giver and advokator in inpatient era NHI program, employing triangulation method. Respondents were 64 inpatient clients registered as NHI participants in the Hospital Semarang assigned by proportional simple random sampling, and four nurses.
Result : The results showed that there are expanding the role of nurses as care giver and advocator in the inpatient unit, era NHI program.
Conclusion : With the implementation of NHI program, the roles of nurses as care giver and advokator has expanded in the inpatient unit. BPJS/NHI parties need to disseminate information relating to NHI to nurses, as well as the need to be given compensatory reward for nurses
Stress Levels And Physio-Psycho-Social Responses On Undergraduate Nursing Students Undertaking Their Thesis At Harapan Bangsa Institute Of Health Sciences, Purwokerto: A Correlation Study
Authors: Murniati Murniati , Triana Noor Yunida , Fitriana Adita Silvia 
Published: October 2018

Background: Senior nursing students possibly experience stress due to the difficulties encountered in the process of writing a thesis. The difficulties experienced are commonly making research background, looking for the related theory and proper methods, having pressure from supervisor, feeling saturated, and many more. The stress experienced by students can also cause various responses such as physical, psychological, and social.
Purpose : The aim of this study is to analyze the correlation among stress levels andphysio-psycho-social responses of nursing students undertaking thesis.
Methods : This analitic cross sectional study was conducted at Harapan Bangsa Institute of Health Sciences, Purwokerto on May-July 2018. A total of 117 senior nursing students undertaking a thesis were taken by simple random sampling. Research data were collected utilizing stress questionnaire and physio-psycho-social responses. The data analysis used was univariate analysis with frequencydistribution, and bivariate analysis used was Spearman Correlation.
Result : Findings of this research indicated that the senior nursing students undertaking a thesis experienced moderate level of stress (51,3%) and excellent physio-psycho-social responses (73,5%). In addition, this research showed a significant relationship between stress levels with physio-psycho-social responses (p value=0,000; r=0,508).
Conclusion : The results indicated that senior students undertaking thesis can experience stress varying from mildto moderate that potentially cause physio-psycho-social responses