bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceptions about preconception care among health care providers in Ibadan, southwest Nigeria - A qualitative study
Authors: Ojifinni Oludoyinmola Omobolade , Ibisomi Latifat 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Preconception care (PCC) is a recognised strategy for optimising maternal health and improving maternal and neonatal outcomes. Research has however shown that preconception care services are not routinely provided as part of maternal health services in Nigeria. This study explored the perceptions about preconception care services among health care workers in Ibadan, Nigeria.Methods This was a qualitative descriptive study involving 25 in-depth interviews among 16 specialist physicians and nine nurses covering 10 specialties: Obstetrics/Gynaecology, Cardiology, Endocrinology among others at the primary, secondary and tertiary health care levels. Interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed on MAXQDA using thematic analysis.Results Six main themes were identified from the data – what PCC is, people who require PCC, where PCC services can be provided, acceptability of PCC services, the relevance of PCC to different specialties including gynaecologists, cardiologists, nephrologists, psychiatrists and the possible benefits of PCC. PCC was viewed as care for women, men and couples before pregnancy to optimise health status and ensure positive pregnancy outcomes. Almost all the participants stated that PCC services should be offered at all three levels of health care with referral when needed from the lower to higher levels. The prevailing opinion on the circumstances when PCC is required was that although all people of reproductive age would benefit, those who had medical problems such as hypertension, sickle cell disease, diabetes and infertility would benefit more. Acceptance and use of PCC services could however be hindered by the attitude of potential clients especially for those without any known pre-existing condition who may not use the service even if they were aware of its existence. All specialist physicians identified the relevance of PCC to their practice and identified potential benefits of PCC. The potential benefits outlined included opportunity to plan and prepare for pregnancy to ensure positive pregnancy outcomes.Conclusion Preconception care is important for positive pregnancy outcomes in people with known medical problems and is relevant to different specialities of medical practice. Its uptake will however depend on its acceptability to the people who will benefit from the service.
UTILIZAÇÃO DE MODELOS DIDÁTICOS TATEÁVEIS COMO METODOLOGIA PARA O ENSINO DE BIOLOGIA CELULAR EM TURMAS INCLUSIVAS COM DEFICIENTES VISUAIS
Authors: Michelotti Angela , Loreto Elgion Lucio da Silva 
Published: September 2019

O entendimento de estruturas celulares, pela natureza microscópica, exige elevado nível de abstração, e se torna um desafio aos alunos com e sem limitação visual. Metodologias alternativas podem proporcionar aos alunos visualizarem, manipularem, tocarem em modelos que represente as verdadeiras estruturas celulares, auxiliando assim o aprendizado. Neste estudo testamos a hipótese de que modelos tridimensionais de diversos tipos celulares, assim como de processo envolvendo células (multiplicação celular e a cicatrização), utilizados inicialmente de forma tátil pode ser uma ferramenta eficiente para o ensino de Biologia Celular em uma perspectiva de inclusão de alunos com NEE. Participaram da atividade 23 aluno videntes e 5 com deficiência visual, de 8º e 9ª anos do ensino fundamental, de duas escolas públicas do Rio Grande do Sul. Os resultados mostraram que a utilização de modelos didáticos tridimensionais, construídos de forma que fossem possíveis tateá-los, manipula-los, pode contribuir para a inclusão de alunos com deficiência visual na classe regular de ensino, assim como tornar o ensino de Biologia Celular mais atrativo e dinâmico. Os alunos tiveram um bom aproveitamento em relação ao aprendizado relativo a diversidade das formas celulares e do papel das células nos processos de crescimento e cicatrização.
PROVA EMPRESTADA NO PROCESSO CIVIL BRASILEIRO: UMA ANÁLISE PRELIMINAR
Authors: De Campos Yuri Daibert Salomão 
Published: September 2019

O presente estudo aborda o instituto da prova emprestada no processo civil brasileiro. Apesar de não haver previsão legal, examina-se a possibilidade de sua produção, as condições e pressupostos para que seja admitida, evidenciando-se a excepcionalidade de sua produção. São investigadas, na doutrina e na jurisprudência, o melhor entendimento acerca do instituto, não somente no âmbito do processo civil, como também do penal. Analisam-se também os requisitos para sua produção. Finalmente, aborda-se a previsão do novo Código de Processo Civil sobre o empréstimo de prova.
TREX1 As a Potential Therapeutic Target for Autoimmune and Inflammatory Diseases
Authors: Tao Sha-Sha , Wu Guo-Cui , Zhang Qin , Zhang Tian-Ping , Leng Rui-Xue , Pan Hai-Feng , Ye Dong-Qing 
Published: September 2019

Background and Objectives:
The 3’ repair exonuclease 1 (TREX1) gene is the major DNA-specific
3’–5 ’exonuclease of mammalian cells which reduces single- and double-stranded DNA (ssDNA and dsDNA) to
prevent undue immune activation mediated by the nucleic acid. TREX1 is also a crucial suppressor of selfrecognition
that protects the host from inappropriate autoimmune activations. It has been revealed that TREX1
function is necessary to prevent host DNA accumulating after cell death which could actuate an autoimmune
response. In the manuscript, we will discuss in detail the latest advancement to study the role of TREX1 in autoimmune
disease.

Methods:
As a pivotal cytoprotective, antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, immunosuppressive, as well as an antiinflammatory
molecule, the functional mechanisms of TREX1 were multifactorial. In this review, we will briefly
summarize the latest advancement in studying the role of TREX1 in autoimmune disease, and discuss its potential
as a therapeutic target for these diseases.

Results:
Deficiency of TREX1 in human patients and murine models is characterized by systemic inflammation
and the disorder of TREX1 functions drives inflammatory responses leading to autoimmune disease. Moreover,
much more studies revealed that mutations in TREX1 have been associated with a range of autoimmune disorders.
But it is also unclear whether the mutations of TREX1 play a causal role in the disease progression, and
whether manipulation of TREX1 has a beneficial effect in the treatment of autoimmune diseases.

Conclusion:
Integration of functional TREX1 biology into autoimmune diseases may further deepen our understanding
of the development and pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and provide new clues and evidence for
the treatment of autoimmune diseases.
In silico Insights on IL-6: A Potential Target for Multicentric Castleman Disease
Authors: Aher Abhishek , Udhwani Trishang , Khandelwal Ravina , Limaye Akanksha , Hussain Tajamul , Nayarisseri Anuraj , Singh Sanjeev Kumar 
Published: September 2019

Background:
Multicentric Castleman Disease (MCD) is a confrontational lymphoproliferative
disorder described by symptoms such as lymph node proliferation, unwarranted secretion of
inflammatory cytokines, hyperactive immune system, and in severe cases, multiple organ dysfunction.
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine which is involved in a large range of physiological
processes in our body such as pro-inflammation, anti-inflammation, differentiation of T-cells
and is reported to be a key pathological factor in MCD. In the case of MCD, it was observed that
IL-6 is overproduced from T-cells and macrophages which disturb Hepcidin, a vital regulator of
iron trafficking in macrophage. The present study endeavour to expound the inhibitor which binds
to IL-6 protein receptor with high affinity.

Methods:
MolegroVirtual Docker software was employed to find the best-established drug from
the list of selected inhibitors of IL-6. This compound was subjected to virtual screening against
PubChem database to get inhibitors with a very similar structure. These inhibitors were docked to
obtain a compound binding with high affinity to the target protein. The established compound and
the virtual screened compound were subjected to relative analysis of interactivity energy variables
and ADMET profile studies.

Results:
Among all the selected inhibitors, the virtual screened compound PubChem CID:
101119084 is seen to possess the highest affinity with the target protein. Comparative studies and
ADMET analysis further implicate this compound as a better inhibitor of the IL-6 protein.

Conclusion:
Hence, this compound recognized in the study possesses high potential as an IL-6 inhibitor
which might assist in the treatment of Multicentric Castleman Disease and should be examined
for its efficiency by in vivo studies.
Synthesis, SAR, Molecular Docking and Anti-Microbial Study of Substituted N-bromoamido-2-aminobenzothiazoles
Authors: Anuse Devidas G. , Thorat Bapu R. , Sawant Sudhir , Yamgar Ramesh S. , Chaudhari Hemchandra K. , Mali Suraj N. 
Published: September 2019

Background:
Benzothiazoles are reported to have bioorganic and pharmaceutical chemistry
applications.

Introduction:
A series of substituted N-bromoamido-2-aminobenzothiazoles was synthesized from substituted
anilines via 2-aminobenzothiazoles and it was further evaluated for its antimicrobial activity.

Methods:
All the newly synthesized compounds were characterized by FT-IR, NMR and mass
spectra and purity profiles were studied by HPLC analysis. The antimicrobial testing (MIC determination)
was newly performed with agar micro-broth dilution method for these analogs.

Results:
Among the synthesized compound 3b showed the highest activity with MIC value of 3.12
μg/mL against Bacillus, E. coli, S. aureus and Klebsiella and 6.25 μg/mL against C. albicans. The
ADME properties as calculated by using Qikprop were found within acceptable range. Derivatives
shows a good-moderate binding affinity towards target Cytochrome P450 14 alpha-sterol demethylase
(CYP51) (PDB ID: 1EA1).

Conclusion:
Our in-silico and in-vitro studies on a series of substituted aminobenzothiazoles may
be helpful for further designing of more potent antimicrobials in future.
Effect of Terebinthus atlanticus on Glucose Metabolism in Diabetic Rats
Authors: El-Ouady Fadwa , Hajji Lhoussaine , Eddouks Mohamed 
Published: September 2019

Background:
Terebinthus atlanticus (Anacardiaceae) is an important source of essential
oil and phenolic compounds justifying its use in traditional medicine.

Objective:
The present work aimed to evaluate the antidiabetic and the antioxidant activities of the
aqueous extract of the leaves of Terebinthus atlanticus (T. atlanticus).

Methods:
The current study evaluated the effect of a single and repeated (15 days of treatment) oral
administration of the aqueous extract of the leaves of T. atlanticus (PALAE) on blood glucose levels
in normal and streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Furthermore, the effect of PALAE on
glucose tolerance and histopathological examination of the liver was carried out.

Results:
A single oral administration of PALAE reduced blood glucose levels in normal (p<0.05),
and STZ diabetic rats (p<0.0001), 6 and 4 hours after administration, respectively. Furthermore, this
extract had an optimal effect (p<0.0001) in both normal and STZ diabetic rats at the 15th and 7th day
of treatment. This extract was also shown to prevent significantly the increase on blood glucose
levels 120 min after glucose administration, in both normal (p<0.05), and diabetic (p<0.01) treated
rats when compared to the control group. In addition, the histopathological analysis highlighted the
positive effect of T. atlanticus on pancreas and liver.

Conclusion:
The study demonstrates the antihyperglycemic effect of the aqueous T. atlanticus extracts
in diabetic rats which should be mediated through the amelioration of the oxidative stress as
well as an improvement in liver histology.
Development of a Web-Based Monitoring System for Power Tilt-in-Space Wheelchairs: Formative Evaluation
Authors: Campeau-Vallerand Charles , Michaud François , Routhier François , Archambault Philippe S , Létourneau Dominic , Gélinas-Bronsard Dominique , Auger Claudine 
Published: September 2019

Background
In order to prevent pressure ulcers, wheelchair users are advised to regularly change position to redistribute or eliminate pressure between the buttocks region and the seat of the wheelchair. A power tilt-in-space wheelchair (allowing simultaneous pivoting of the seat and the backrest of the wheelchair toward the back or front) meets many clinical purposes, including pressure management, increased postural control, and pain management. However, there is a significant gap between the use of tilt as recommended by clinicians and its actual usage. A Web-based electronic health (eHealth) intervention, including a goal setting, monitoring, reminder, and feedback system of the use of power tilt-in-space wheelchairs was developed. The intervention incorporates behavior change principles to promote optimal use of tilt and to improve clinical postprocurement follow-up.

Objective
This study aimed to conduct a formative evaluation of the intervention prototype to pinpoint the functionalities needed by end users, namely, power wheelchair users and clinicians.

Methods
On the basis of an evaluation framework for Web-based eHealth interventions, semistructured interviews were conducted with power wheelchair users and clinicians. A content analysis was performed with a mix of emerging and a priori concepts.

Results
A total of 5 users of power tilt-in-space wheelchairs and 5 clinicians who had experience in the field of mobility aids aged 23 to 55 years were recruited. Participants found the Web interface and the physical components easy to use. They also appreciated the reminder feature that encourages the use of the tilt-in-space and the customization of performance goals. Participants requested improvements to the visual design and learnability of the Web interface, the customization of reminders, feedback about specific tilt parameters, and the bidirectionality of the interaction between the user and the clinician. They thought the current version of the intervention prototype could promote optimal use of the tilt and improve clinical postprocurement follow-up.

Conclusions
On the basis of the needs identified by power wheelchair users and clinicians regarding the prototype of a power tilt-in-space wheelchair monitoring system, 3 main directions were defined for future development of the intervention. Further research with new wheelchair users, manual tilt-in-space wheelchairs, various age groups, and family caregivers is recommended to continue the formative evaluation of the prototype.
Rights from the Other Side of the Line
Authors: Brown Owen 
Published: September 2019

This paper discusses the theorising of human rights from a postcolonial perspective, a process that entails placing the dominant human rights discourse in its social and historical context, in order to highlight the ways in which human rights are discursively constructed and become naturalised. The definition of human rights is problematised through an examination of both the more traditional European viewpoints as voiced by such theorists as Hannah Arendt and Giorgio Agamben, and from the postcolonial perspectives of such writers as Boaventura de Sousa Santos, Vivienne Jabri as well as Siba N. Grovogui. While readjusting the conception of human rights to one that expands beyond the borders of Western tradition and legalism to a recognition of how human rights are embedded in culture, it is hoped that such an analysis will broaden our understanding of the various definitions of human rights.
FORMULATION AND COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF ONDANSETRON HYDROCHLORIDE MOUTH DISSOLVING TABLETS IN INDIA
Authors: RAHEEM T. ABDUL , SINGH RANJEET , HIREMATH AISHWARYA , NAYAK N. SHASHANK , KAMATH K. S. SHWETHA 
Published: September 2019

Objective: The aim of the present study was to prepare the ondansetron hydrochloride Mouth Dissolving Tablets (MDTs) followed by its comparison with ethical and non-ethical (generic) marketed tablets.
Methods: Prior to the formulation, drug excipient compatibility study was carried out by FTIR spectroscopy. The λmax was determined by UV spectroscopy. The ondansetron hydrochloride MDTs were prepared by direct compression method using Sodium Starch Glycolate (SSG) as super disintegrant and camphor as a sublimating agent. Then the prepared MDTs were subjected to evaluation of post compression parameters such as thickness and diameter, weight variation, wetting time, hardness, friability, disintegration and dissolution. The results obtained were compared with that of ethical and non-ethical marketed ondansetron hydrochloride 4 mg tablets.
Results: The λmax was found at 310 nm. FTIR study revealed that excipients used in the prepared formulations are compatible with the drug. The thickness and diameter was in the range of 2.646 to 3.27 mm and 6.0 to 8.12 mm, respectively. Friability was in the range of 0.43 to 0.88 % and had a slightly higher friability (1.27%) for sublimated tablets. Wetting time and disintegration time were in the range of 15 to 40 sec and 23 to 50 sec, respectively. The 100 % drug release was found within 180 sec for all the codes. These results were then compared with non-ethical film coated ondansetron marketed tablets.
Conclusion: Ondansetron hydrochloride MDT 4 mg tablets prepared in the laboratory were under specified IP limits. The experimental findings demonstrated that any of these ethical and non-ethical tablets of ondansetron hydrochloride can be selected, advised by the physician or pharmacist, as per the patient’s need and economical status.
FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF ORALLY DISINTEGRATING TABLET OF CHLORPHENERAMINE MALEATE BY SUBLIMATION TECHNIQUE
Authors: BHOSALE NILESH R. , KOLTE NIKITA S. 
Published: September 2019

Objective: Chlorpheneramine maleate is a first-generation antihistamine drug used in the treatment of allergic conditions like rhinitis, urticaria, and cough cold, etc. In present work, the challenge has been made to develop an orally disintegrating tablet of chlorpheneramine maleate with an increase in bioavailability and patient compliance.
Methods: The sublimation technique was used to prepare orally disintegrating tablets. Porous tablet prepared after sublimation of camphor at 60 °C in a hot air oven for 60 min. In the research work, 32full factorial design used to find out the effect of two variables like the amount of Crospovidone and Croscarmellose sodium.
Results: All prepared formulations were analyzed for various parameters. DSC of pure drug and optimized formulation A (9) showed purity of sample and compatibility of all ingredients with each other. In FTIR study of pure drug and optimized formulation A (9) no major shifts were seen. An optimized formulation (A9) was found to have good hardness (3.2 kg/cm2), friability (<1%), disintegration time (26 s), % drug release (99.77 %) within 6 min.
Conclusion: The result obtained showed that orally disintegrating tablet of chlorpheneramine maleate enhances dissolution rate, improves bioavailability which will improve patient compliance.
COMPARATIVE IN VITRO DISSOLUTION STUDY ON METFORMIN MARKET PRODUCTS USING DIFFERENT DISSOLUTION APPARATUSES
Authors: HASHEM HANAN M. , ABDOU AYA R. , MURSI NADIA M. , EMARA LAILA H. 
Published: September 2019

Objective: This study was proposed to evaluate and compare the in vitro dissolution profiles of six Metformin Hydrochloride (MH) market products.
Methods: Different dissolution apparatuses (USP apparatus II, IV and beaker method) were used to evaluate the dissolution profiles (in phosphate buffer, pH 6.8) of two immediate release (IR) generic products of Metformin Hydrochloride (MH): Cidophage® 1000 mg (G1, Egyptian market) and Metformin arrow® 1000 mg (G2, French market) with respect to the reference products named Glucophage® 850 mg (R1, Egyptian market and R2, French market). In addition to a generic controlled-release (CR) product; Cidophage Retard® 850 mg (G3) versus the reference product; Glucophage XR® 1000 mg (R3) (both from Egyptian market). Dissolution efficiency (D. E.) and the similarity factor (f2) were calculated. Weight uniformity, hardness, tablet dimensions and MH content were measured.
Results: Results of the three apparatuses showed that MH IR products studied (reference and generics) did not meet the 75% USP 30 specifications for MH dissolved at 30 min. For MH CR products, Glucophage XR® did not fulfill the USP release criteria, while Cidophage Retard® did. USP apparatus IV revealed the highest sensitivity and discriminative capability.
Conclusion: Generally, MH IR generics (G1 and G2) might be interchangeable with the innovator product (Glucophage®). However, Cidophage Retard® might not be interchangeable with Glucophage XR®.
O cárcere como instrumento de gestão penal da pobreza
Authors: Oliveira Victória Maria Américo de , Paulo Alexandre Ribas de 
Published: September 2019

RESUMOO presente artigo propõe uma análise crítica acerca do cárcere e seus efeitos no tratamento estatal dado à população socialmente vulnerável, traçando uma relação entre o Estado Social e o Estado Penal. Questionando o interesse que norteia a (in)eficácia do sistema prisional e como ele se legitima socialmente através de um discurso político de segurança pública amparado pelo pânico propagado pelos meios de comunicação, pretende-se expor a seletividade tanto da normal penal quanto do sistema criminal, que, somadas, resultam na construção do perfil do delinquente e no encarceramento em massa dos pobres. A partir de uma exposição crítica, almeja-se fomentar o debate do papel da criminalização da pobreza na gestão das ilegalidades pelos interessados nos produtos do cárcere.PALAVRAS-CHAVEDireito Penal. Criminologia. Sistema Penal. Seletividade. Pobreza. ABSTRACTThis article proposes a critical analysis about the prison and its effects on the state treatment given to the socially vulnerable population, drawing a relationship between the Social State and the Criminal State. Questioning the interest that governs the (in) effectiveness of the prison system and how it legitimizes itself socially through a political discourse of public security supported by the panic propagated by the mass media, it is intended to expose the selectivity of both the normal criminal and the criminal system, which, together, result in the construction of the delinquent profile and the mass incarceration of the poor. From a critical exposition, it is hoped to foment the debate of the role of the criminalization of poverty in the management of illegalities by those interested in the products of prisonKEYWORDSCriminal law. Criminology. Penal system. Selectivity. Poverty.