bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rifampin resistance-associated mutations in the RIF resistance-determining region (RRDR) of the rpoB gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates in Shanghai, China
Authors: Guo Yinjuan , Cao Xingwei , Yang Jinghui , Wu Xiaocui , Liu Yin , Wan Baoshan , Hu Longhua , Yu Fangyou 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background: Resistance to rifampin (RIF) in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is associated with mutations in the rpoB gene coding for the beta-subunit of RNA polymerase. The contribution of many individual rpoB mutations to the development and level of RIF resistance remains elusive. Our objective for this study was to investigate the relationship between specific rpoB mutations and the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of RIF and rifabutin (RFB) against M.tuberculosis.
Methods: We collected 195 clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis including 105 RIF-resistant and 90 RIF-susceptible isolates from Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital in China. The MICs of antituberculosis drugs in 7H10 Middlebrook medium for clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis were determined. Strains were screened for rpoB mutations by DNA extraction, rpoB gene amplification, and DNA sequencing analysis.
Results: Twenty different types of mutations were identified in the rpoB gene. One hundred isolates (95.24%) were found to have mutations in the RIF resistance-determining region (RRDR) of the rpoB gene. Three rpoB mutations were identified in 90 RIF-susceptible isolates. Out of 105 isolates, 86 (81.90%) were cross-resistant to both RIF and RFB. The most frequent mutation occurred at codon 531 (65.71%), followed by 526 (8.57%). We also found a novel nine-nucleotide (ATCATGCAT) deletion (between positions 1543 and 1551) in the rpoB gene among two strains (1.90%) with resistance to RIF, but susceptibility to RFB. In addition, the mutation frequency at codon 531 was significantly higher in RIF-resistant/RFB-resistant (RIFR/RFBR) strains than in RIFR/RFBS strains (75.58% versus 21.05%), whereas the mutation frequency at codon 516 was significantly lower in RIFR/RFBR strains than in RIFR/RFBS strains (1.16% versus 26.32%). The MICs of RIF against 87.62% (92/105) of the M.tuberculosis isolates were ≥ 16 µg/mL.
Conclusions: Our data supported previous findings that various rpoB mutations are associated with differential levels of resistance to RIF. The specific mutations of the rpoB gene in RIFR/RFBR isolates differed from those in RIFR/RFBS isolates. A novel deletion mutation in the RRDR might be associated with resistance to RIF, but not to RFB. Further clinical studies are required to investigate the efficacy of RFB in the treatment of M. tuberculosis infections, which harbor the mutations.
Early upregulation of AR and steroidogenesis enzyme expressions after 3 months of androgen-deprivation therapy.
Authors: Hamid Agus Rizal A.H. , Putra Harun Kusuma , Sari Ningrum Paramita , Diana Putri , Sesari Saras Serani , Novita Eka , Gultom Fajar Lamhot , Saraswati Meilania , Tanurahardja Budiana , Asmarinah Asmarinah , Umbas Rainy , Mochtar Chaidir Arief 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Purpose

This study would like to evaluate the early response of intraprostatic androgen receptor (AR) and steroidogenic enzyme gene expressions in ADT.

Methods

Prostate tissue samples were taken from PCa patients with urinary retention, who had ADT (ADT- PCa; n=10), and further grouped into ≤12 months (n=4) and ADT >12 months (n=6). ADT-PCa group were then compared with BPH (n=12) and primary (no treatment) PCa tissues (n=16). AR and steroidogenic enzyme genes were extracted from Formalin Fixed Paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissues and analysed using rtPCR. Protein expressions were evaluated by immunohistochemistry of specific antibodies.

Results

AR gene expression was found higher in ADT-PCa group compared to BPH and primary PCa. Both ADT ≤12 and > 12 months subgroups had significantly higher relative gene expression of AR (p 0.01 and 0.03) compared to primary PCa. AR protein expression in ADT-PCa group showed an increase trend in ADT ≤12 months subgroup and a significantly elevated expression AR protein in ADT >12 months subgroup compared with PCa (100%; p <0.01). Half (50%) of ADT ≤12 months patients were found to have upregulation of AR, and one undergone upregulation from only 3 months of ADT. A trend of elevating relative gene expression and protein expression of SRD5A1 and SRD5A3 were also found in one patient with 3 months of ADT.

Conclusion

There are upregulation of AR and steroidogenic enzymes in ADT-PCa patients, as early as 3 months without showing PSA elevation. Steroidogenic enzyme, especially SRD5A, expression was also upregulated before PSA rises.
CHARACTERIZATION OF PROPERTIES OF PVDF/POLY(DIMETHYLSILOXANE) COMPOSITES SEPARATOR WITH BLENDING MEMBRANE METHOD
Authors: Arifin Devi Eka Septiyani 
Published: July 2019

The aims of this research to make poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and poly(dimetilsiloksan) (PDMS) composites separator with blending membrane method. Synthesized of PVDF/PDMS composites separator used various ratio were 10/0, 9/1, 8/2, and 7/3. The purpose of increasing concentration of PDMS/PVDF to improve the performance of the composites separator which includes a dimensions of porosity, a pore density, and a electrical conductivity. Based on crystallographic analysis using XRD, the increasing concentration number of PDMS to make compositess was influence decreasing of crystallinity until 29.26% in a ratio 7/3.The analysing of FTIR have sound the wavenumber of each phase can distinguish, which this material includes in the criteria of the composites. The result using XRD and FTIR to material PVDF/PDMS composites in all of the ratio constituens have shown the identification of the structure α-phase of PVDF. The increase of concentration number PDMS influenced decreasing of pore dimension and increasing of pore density with the small of pore dimension 1.71 µm and pore density 4.07x1011 count/m2 inthe ratio 7/3. In a ratio 7/3, the value of the electrical conductivity was 3.45x10-4S/cm and the resistance increased up to 80%.
Analisis Efektivitas Biji dan Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera) Untuk Penjernihan Air
Authors: Ariyatun Ariyatun , Ningrum Puji , Musyarofah Musyarofah , Inayah Nurul 
Published: July 2019

<em>Penelitian ini untuk menganalisis keefektifan bahan dari biji dan daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) yang digunakan sebagai koagulan. Pada penelitian ini mengambil sampel satu liter air sungai yang keruh untuk setiap percobaan. Sebelumnya air diukur dahulu dengan turbidimeter. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian penjernihan Air sungai dengan bubuk biji kelor didapatkan hasil 8,67 NTU untuk bubuk biji kelor 0.5 gram , 4.29 NTU untuk biji kelor 0.2 gram dan 3.07 NTU dengan biji kelor 0.1 gram. Hal ini artinya dalam praktikum penjernihan air dengan bubuk biji kelor yang telah dilakukan kualitas air bertambah jernih dan masih memenuhi persyaratan air bersih yang diperbolehkan. Dapat disimpulkan pula bahwa dalam penjernihan air 1 liter lebih efektif / idealnya dengan 0.1 gram bubuk biji kelor.</em>
Water–energy nexus of the Eastern Route of China's South-to-North Water Transfer Project
Authors: Chen Dan , Zhang Di , Luo Zhaohui , Webber Michael , Rogers Sarah 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis article investigates the energy intensity and related impacts of the Eastern Route of China's South-North Water Transfer Project, based on the concept of the water–energy nexus. It finds that from November 2013 to May 2017 a total of 2.35 billion kWh of energy was consumed to transfer 15.5 billion m3 water driven by a large-scale system of pumping stations. This energy production required 7.4 million m3 of virtual water and emitted 1.93 MtCO2e of carbon. An average water–energy nexus ratio of 0.05% indicates that transferring 100 m3 of water consumes 0.05 m3 of virtual water due to the electricity consumption of the Eastern Route's pumping stations. It is estimated that to transfer 7.3 billion m3 water by 2030, this mega project will consume 1.35 billion kWh of energy, 4.6 million m3 of virtual water and emit 0.94 MtCO2e of carbon. These findings and scenario analysis demonstrate that strategies are needed for mitigating the energy intensity of the Eastern Route, such as improved pumping efficiency, reduced water loss during water delivery, decreased water quotas, and promotion of other, less carbon-intensive water sources in destination provinces.
Defluoridation of calcium-rich groundwater using iron oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Sudasinghe Madhusha , Jayaweera Mahesh , Gunawardana Buddhika , Manatunge Jagath , Madhusanka Gayan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
It has been suggested that moderate to high fluoride ion concentrations in the presence of calcium in groundwater can represent human health hazards resulting in possible lesions in tubular cells, leading to chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CKDu). This study focuses on fluoride removal in the presence of calcium using iron oxide nanoparticles (FeONs) as an effective adsorbent in single- and multi-solute batch-studies. Fluoride and calcium removal by FeONs in single-solute batch-studies occurred only by adsorption. Both species followed the Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo second-order kinetics, indicating monolayer adsorption and chemisorption, respectively. In multi-solute batch-studies, fluoride removal was attributed to adsorption and chemical precipitation forming CaF2 in almost similar magnitude. For calcium removal in multi-solute studies, adsorption, co-precipitation, and precipitation were the prominent mechanisms, with co-precipitation dominant. Thus, FeONs are effective in fluoride removal by adsorption in both the presence and absence of calcium. FeONs could also be used successfully year-round in tropical climates, where calcium levels vary substantially, to lessen the risk of CKDu.
Microbial wash water quality on dairy farms from Galicia (NW Spain)
Authors: Saavedra F. J. , Yus E. , Diéguez F. J. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This study evaluated the microbiological quality of wash water used in dairy farms from Galicia (NW Spain) based on the total coliform, faecal coliform and faecal streptococci counts. The paper aimed to identify geographical areas that are at a high risk for bacterial contamination of wash water and to study the temporal distribution of positive samples. Water samples from 120 farms, whose water supply came from a private well, were tested for the presence of the three mentioned bacterial groups by the membrane filtration method. To investigate whether the presence of positive herds for a particular bacterial group in water samples was higher in some areas or during a specific time period, data were tested using the Bernoulli model. In farms without a purification system, the prevalence of positive samples for total coliform, faecal coliform and faecal streptococci was 36.7%, 13.3% and 24.5%, respectively. In farms using hydrogen peroxide, these figures were 15.4%, 7.7% and 7.7%, respectively. In farms using chlorine or ultraviolet radiation all the samples were negative for the three bacterial groups. The spatial analysis identified one statistically significant spatial cluster of herds with positive samples of faecal streptococci in an area characterized by a high cattle density. Moreover, one most likely temporal cluster was identified for each of the three groups between July and August 2017, which were the driest months in the studied area.
Diet and Nutritional Interventions with the Special Role of Myo-Inositol in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Management. An Evidence-Based Critical Appraisal
Authors: Reyes-Muñoz Enrique , Guardo Federica Di , Ciebiera Michal , Kahramanoglu Ilker , Sathyapalan Thozhukat , Lin Li-Te , Shah Mohsin , Karaman Erbil , Fan Shangrong , Zito Gabriella , Noventa Marco 
Published: July 2019

Background:
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), defined as glucose intolerance with onset or first
recognition during pregnancy, represents one of the most common maternal-fetal complications during pregnancy
and it is associated with poor perinatal outcomes. To date, GDM is a rising condition over the last decades coinciding
with the ongoing epidemic of obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).

Objective:
The aim of this review is to discuss the role of diet and nutritional interventions in preventing GDM
with the explanation of the special role of myo-inositol (MI) in this matter.

Methods:
We performed an overview of the most recent literature data on the subject with particular attention to
the effectiveness of diet and nutritional interventions in the prevention of GDM with the special role of MI.

Results:
Nutritional intervention and physical activity before and during pregnancy are mandatory in women
affected by GDM. Moreover, the availability of insulin-sensitizers such as different forms of inositol has dramatically
changed the scenario, allowing the treatment of several metabolic diseases, such as those related to glucose
dysbalance. Although the optimal dose, frequency, and form of MI administration need to be further investigated,
diet supplementation with MI appears to be an attractive alternative for the GDM prevention as well as for the
reduction of GDM-related complications.

Conclusion:
More studies should be conducted to prove the most effective nutritional intervention in GDM.
Regarding the potential effectiveness of MI, further evidence in multicenter, randomized controlled trials is
needed to draw firm conclusions.
New Derivatization Methodology of 4-aminobenzoic Acid from its Dietary Supplements: Kinetic Spectrophotometric Methods for Determination
Authors: Naser Naser A. , Alasedi Kasim M. , Khan Zainab A. 
Published: July 2019

Background:A new approach describing the validation and development of an easy, new spectrophotometric and kinetic method for identification of para-aminobenzoic acid in dietary supplement has been performed. In this study, para-aminobenzoic acid was derived in a pH-controlled environment, as a new organic compound 4(4-Benzophenylazo)pyrogallol, by incorporating diazotized para-aminobenzoic acid with pyrogallol.Objective:The determination of para-aminobenzoic acid was conducted by the fixed time and initial rate techniques. These approaches were based on the reaction of the compound containing paraaminobenzoic acid, 4(4-Benzophenylazo)pyrogallol, with Ag(I) to form colored product with a maximum absorbance at 468nm. Both of these techniques were adopted for constructing the calibration curves and examined for their suitability for the quantitation of para-aminobenzoic acid in dietary supplement.Methods:The determination process was established, using initial rate and fixed time kinetic spectrophotometric methods.Results:4(4-Benzophenylazo)pyrogallol was characterized using proton-nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier-transform infrared, differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric thermal methods, gas chromatography–mass techniques, and solvatochromic behavior in solvents with different polarities was also examined.Conclusion:For the first time, para-aminobenzoic acid was well determined by incorporating it as an organic solid compound, 4(4-Benzophenylazo)pyrogallol, through coupling pyrogallol with diazotized para-aminobenzoic acid in regulated pH medium, ranging between 5.0 to 6.0. The existence of common excipients in the dietary supplement did not produce any significant interference. F- and ttest data analysis were used for statistical comparison of the suggested techniques with that of reference method, demonstrating excellent agreement with no significant difference in the associated precision and accuracy.
In Silico Design of a Single Protein Molecular Photoreaction Center
Authors: Mishra Nibedita , Mohapatra Pranab K. , Raval Mukesh K. 
Published: July 2019

Background:
Research on harvesting solar energy through an artificial photosynthetic device
is gaining momentum in the present era. The device is a promising solution to the energy crisis by
overcoming the crunch in fossil fuel and low efficiency of heat engine. Reports are available on design
of isolated parts of the photosynthetic device, for example, only sensitizer or only redox unit containing
metallo-peptides.

Objective:
An attempt has been made to design an in silico photoreaction center in a single chain protein
matrix containing all the three basic units: sensitizer, electron donor, and acceptor mimicking the
photosynthetic reaction center II.

Methods:
A single chain of a protein containing a closely packed transmembrane four-helix bundle (PDB
ID 2bl2 A) is selected for the purpose. The protein is suitably mutated in silico to accommodate the basic
elements of a reaction center: Mn-Ca binding site as water oxidizing moiety, Fe-binding site as quinine
reducing moiety, and MgDPP as photosensitizer to achieve the desired function of photoredox reaction.

Results:
A photoelectron transport protein has been designed, which may incorporate into the bilayer
membrane system. It has the potential to photo-oxidize water to oxygen on one side and reduce quinone
on the other side of the membrane. The stability and transmembrane orientation of the molecular
device in an artificial membrane system has been validated theoretically by molecular dynamics study.

Conclusion:
An attempt to incorporate in silico all the elements essential for a photoelectron transport
device into a single chain transmembrane protein model is the first of its kind. Donor and acceptor
moieties are separated on the inner and outer side of a membrane bilayer. These features make the
model unique and novel. The design of the model is the first step towards the study of experimental
viability of the model, which remains to be validated in future.
Субмонослойные квантовые точки InGaAs/GaAs, выращенные методом МОС-гидридной эпитаксии
Authors: Алешкин В.Я. , Байдусь Н.В. , Дубинов А.А. , Кудрявцев К.Е. , Некоркин С.М. , Круглов А.В. , Реунов Д.Г. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe mode of the growth of InGaAs quantum dots by MOS-hydride epitaxy on GaAs substrates without a deviation and with a deviation of 2° is selected for laser structures emitting at wavelengths above 1.2 μm at room temperature. As a result, a quantum-dot density of 4 × 10^10 cm^–2 is achieved. Stimulated emission is observed in laser structures with seven layers of quantum dots at a wavelength of 1.06 μm at liquid-nitrogen temperature. The threshold power density of optical pumping is about 5 kW/cm^2.
Излучение света гетероструктурой CdMnTe/CdMgTe с узкими квантовыми ямами
Authors: Агекян В.Ф. , Борисов Е.В. , Серов А.Ю. , Философов Н.Г. , Karczewski G. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe optical properties of the Cd_0.4Mn_0.4Te/Cd_0.5Mg_0.5Te heterostructure with quantum wells of 7 monolayers in thickness are studied. The temperature dependences of the integral intensity of luminescence of the barrier layer and quantum well and intracenter luminescence of manganese ions are determined, and the luminescence excitation spectra are measured. Numerous components corresponding to LO phonons of the CdTe, MgTe, and MnTe types are observed in the Raman scattering spectra.
Исследование состава остаточного газа в вакуумной системе циклотрона ФТИ им. А.Ф. Иоффе
Authors: Аруев Н.Н. , Козловский М.А. , Кудояров М.Ф. , Патрова М.Я. , Романов П.А. , Тюкальцев Р.В. , Федичкин И.Л. , Филиппов С.В. 
Published: July 2019

4.	Using the FT-200 compact-size time-of-flight mass spectrometer developed at the Ioffe Institute, the mass spectra of the residual gas molecules in the vacuum system of the Ioffe Institute cyclotron have been obtained under various experimental conditions. The measurements were carried out in the cyclotron vacuum chamber and the end part of the ion guide near the sample irradiation chamber. It was found that the main contribution to the residual gas composition in the cyclotron chamber is made by the molecules of pump oil used (up to 82%) and water molecules (up to 15-17%), and in the ion guide near the irradiation chamber with a polymer film - water molecules (up to 63%). The data obtained are the basis for the modernization of the Ioffe cyclotron complex.
Comparison of the Effects of Coaching and Receipt of App Recommendations on Depression, Anxiety, and Engagement in the IntelliCare Platform: Factorial Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Mohr David C , Schueller Stephen M , Tomasino Kathryn Noth , Kaiser Susan M , Alam Nameyeh , Karr Chris , Vergara Jessica L , Gray Elizabeth L , Kwasny Mary J , Lattie Emily G 
Published: July 2019

Background
IntelliCare is a modular platform that includes 12 simple apps targeting specific psychological strategies for common mental health problems.

Objective
This study aimed to examine the effect of 2 methods of maintaining engagement with the IntelliCare platform, coaching, and receipt of weekly recommendations to try different apps on depression, anxiety, and app use.

Methods
A total of 301 participants with depression or anxiety were randomized to 1 of 4 treatments lasting 8 weeks and were followed for 6 months posttreatment. The trial used a 2X2 factorial design (coached vs self-guided treatment and weekly app recommendations vs no recommendations) to compare engagement metrics.

Results
The median time to last use of any app during treatment was 56 days (interquartile range 54-57), with 253 participants (84.0%, 253/301) continuing to use the apps over a median of 92 days posttreatment. Receipt of weekly recommendations resulted in a significantly higher number of app use sessions during treatment (overall median=216; P=.04) but only marginal effects for time to last use (P=.06) and number of app downloads (P=.08). Coaching resulted in significantly more app downloads (P<.001), but there were no significant effects for time to last download or number of app sessions (P=.36) or time to last download (P=.08). Participants showed significant reductions in the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) across all treatment arms (P s<.001). Coached treatment led to larger GAD-7 reductions than those observed for self-guided treatment (P=.03), but the effects for the PHQ-9 did not reach significance (P=.06). Significant interaction was observed between receiving recommendations and time for the PHQ-9 (P=.04), but there were no significant effects for GAD-7 (P=.58).

Conclusions
IntelliCare produced strong engagement with apps across all treatment arms. Coaching was associated with stronger anxiety outcomes, and receipt of recommendations enhanced depression outcomes.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02801877; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02801877
Hubungan Antara Keterlibatan Pengasuhan Orang tua Laki-Laki dengan Efikasi Menjadi Ayah yang Empatik
Authors: Nabila ‘Afifa Rifda , Andayani Budi 
Published: July 2019

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between father’s involvement and his efficacy to an empathic father. Efficacy to an empathic father was measured using fathering efficacy scale developed by researcher. Father’s involvement was measured using Inventory of Father Involvement which modified by researcher with alpha coefficient 0.992. The subject of this study were 80 fathers of the first children at elementary age. The data were analyzed using product moment correlation. The analysis showed correlation coefficient of 0.442 (p<0.01). That means there was a significant relationship between efficacy on an empathic father and his father’s involvement. Father’s involvement explained 19.5 % of the variance in efficacy on an empathic father. The study showed that father involvement increased efficacy to be an empathic father.