bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Camanchacaite, chinchorroite, espadaite, magnesiofluckite, picaite and ríosecoite: six new hydrogen-arsenate minerals from the Torrecillas mine, Iquique Province, Chile
Authors: Kampf Anthony R. , Nash Barbara P. , Celestian Aaron J. , Dini Maurizio , Molina Donoso Arturo A. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe new minerals camanchacaite, NaCaMg2[AsO4]2[AsO3(OH)2], chinchorroite, Na2Mg5(As2O7)2(AsO3OH)2(H2O)10, espadaite, Na4Ca3Mg2[AsO3(OH)]2[AsO2(OH)2]10(H2O)6·H2O, magnesiofluckite, CaMg(AsO3OH)2(H2O)2, picaite, NaCa[AsO3OH][AsO2(OH)2] and ríosecoite, Ca2Mg(AsO3OH)3(H2O)2, were discovered on two closely related specimens collected from the Torrecillas mine, Iquique Province, Chile. These minerals occur as secondary phases on massive quartz–hematite also in association with anhydrite, gypsum, halite and talmessite. Camanchacaite is monoclinic,C2/c,a= 12.470(9),b= 12.554(9),c= 6.848(9) Å, β = 113.75(2)°,V= 981.3(16) Å3andZ= 4. It has a protonated alluaudite-type structure. Chinchorroite is triclinic,P$\bar{1}$,a= 8.7777(2),b= 8.8570(3),c= 9.7981(7) Å, α = 91.097(6), β = 110.544(8), γ = 103.167(7)°,V= 690.43(7) Å3andZ= 1. The structure contains abbreviated chains of five edge-sharing Mg octahedra that are linked by pyroarsenate and hydrogen-arsenate groups. Espadaite is orthorhombic,Ccca,a= 12.3649(10),b= 22.181(2),c= 18.3292(13) Å,V= 5027.1(7) Å3andZ= 4. The structure is based on heteropolyhedral sheets of formula {Ca3Mg2[AsO3(OH)]2[AsO2(OH)2]10}4−that contain large voids; NaO6polyhedra occupy the interlayer region. Magnesiofluckite is triclinic,P$\bar{1}$,a= 8.4143(6),b= 7.5321(5),c= 6.8917(4) Å, α = 82.477(6), β = 97.682(6), γ = 95.379(6)°,V= 427.84(5) Å3andZ= 2. It is isostructural with fluckite. Picaite is monoclinic,P21/c,a= 7.2474(4),b= 14.6547(7),c= 7.2624(5) Å, β = 99.520(7)°,V= 760.70(8) Å3andZ= 4. The structure contains chains of edge-sharing Na− and Ca octahedra with bridging AsO3(OH) and AsO2(OH)2tetrahedra. Ríosecoite is triclinic,P$\bar{1}$,a= 6.8110(9),b= 7.3156(12),c= 11.7773(17) Å, α = 83.466(6), β = 84.394(6), γ = 79.779(6)°,V= 571.95(15) Å3andZ= 2. The structure contains tetramers of edge-sharing CaO7and CaO8polyhedra linked by MgO6octahedra and bridging AsO3(OH) groups to form chains.
Mental health services for war-affected children
Authors: Jones Lynne , Rrustemi Alban , Shahini Mimoza , Uka Aferdita 
Published: May 2019

BackgroundIn war-affected societies it is assumed that the major mental health problem facing the population will be stress reactions.AimsTo describe the creation of a child and adolescent mental health service (CAMHS) in Kosovo after the military conflict ended in 1999, and to establish the range of problems and diagnoses that presented.MethodData were collected on 559 patients over 2 years, including their referring problems and diagnoses.ResultsStress-related disorders constituted only a fifth of the case-load in year 1. A substantial number of patients were symptom-free but attended because they had been exposed to atraumatic event, and believed it might make them ill. Non-organic enuresis and learning disability were the most common diagnoses in year 2. Many patients had a complex mix of social and psychological difficulties that did not fit conventional diagnostic categories.ConclusionsMental health services that only address traumatic stress may fail to meet the needs of war-affected children. A comprehensive, culturally appropriate CAMHS is needed to address a wide range of problems including learning disability. It should be developed through local actors, and build on existing local infrastructure. Services can also have an educational role in ‘depathologising’ normative responses.
Validity of Natural Language Processing for Ascertainment of EGFR and ALK Test Results in SEER Cases of Stage IV Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Goulart Bernardo Haddock Lobo , Silgard Emily T. , Baik Christina S. , Bansal Aasthaa , Sun Qin , Durbin Eric B. , Hands Isaac , Shah Darshil , Arnold Susanne M. , Ramsey Scott D. , Kavuluru Ramakanth , Schwartz Stephen M. 
Published: May 2019

PURPOSE SEER registries do not report results of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase ( ALK) mutation tests. To facilitate population-based research in molecularly defined subgroups of non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we assessed the validity of natural language processing (NLP) for the ascertainment of EGFR and ALK testing from electronic pathology (e-path) reports of NSCLC cases included in two SEER registries: the Cancer Surveillance System (CSS) and the Kentucky Cancer Registry (KCR). METHODS We obtained 4,278 e-path reports from 1,634 patients who were diagnosed with stage IV nonsquamous NSCLC from September 1, 2011, to December 31, 2013, included in CSS. We used 855 CSS reports to train NLP systems for the ascertainment of EGFR and ALK test status (reported v not reported) and test results (positive v negative). We assessed sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values in an internal validation sample of 3,423 CSS e-path reports and repeated the analysis in an external sample of 1,041 e-path reports from 565 KCR patients. Two oncologists manually reviewed all e-path reports to generate gold-standard data sets. RESULTS NLP systems yielded internal validity metrics that ranged from 0.95 to 1.00 for EGFR and ALK test status and results in CSS e-path reports. NLP showed high internal accuracy for the ascertainment of EGFR and ALK in CSS patients—F scores of 0.95 and 0.96, respectively. In the external validation analysis, NLP yielded metrics that ranged from 0.02 to 0.96 in KCR reports and F scores of 0.70 and 0.72, respectively, in KCR patients. CONCLUSION NLP is an internally valid method for the ascertainment of EGFR and ALK test information from e-path reports available in SEER registries, but future work is necessary to increase NLP external validity.
Early Detection of Metastatic Relapse and Monitoring of Therapeutic Efficacy by Ultra-Deep Sequencing of Plasma Cell-Free DNA in Patients With Urothelial Bladder Carcinoma
Authors: Christensen Emil , Birkenkamp-Demtröder Karin , Sethi Himanshu , Shchegrova Svetlana , Salari Raheleh , Nordentoft Iver , Wu Hsin-Ta , Knudsen Michael , Lamy Philippe , Lindskrog Sia Viborg , Taber Ann , Balcioglu Mustafa , Vang Søren , Assaf Zoe , Sharma Shruti , Tin Antony S. , Srinivasan Ramya , Hafez Dina , Reinert Thomas , Navarro Samantha , Olson Alexander , Ram Rosalyn , Dashner Scott , Rabinowitz Matthew , Billings Paul , Sigurjonsson Styrmir , Andersen Claus Lindbjerg , Swenerton Ryan , Aleshin Alexey , Zimmermann Bernhard , Agerbæk Mads , Lin Cheng-Ho Jimmy , Jensen Jørgen Bjerggaard , Dyrskjøt Lars 
Published: May 2019

PURPOSE Novel sensitive methods for early detection of relapse and for monitoring therapeutic efficacy may have a huge impact on risk stratification, treatment, and ultimately outcome for patients with bladder cancer. We addressed the prognostic and predictive impact of ultra-deep sequencing of cell-free DNA in patients before and after cystectomy and during chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS We included 68 patients with localized advanced bladder cancer. Patient-specific somatic mutations, identified by whole-exome sequencing, were used to assess circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) by ultra-deep sequencing (median, 105,000×) of plasma DNA. Plasma samples (n = 656) were procured at diagnosis, during chemotherapy, before cystectomy, and during surveillance. Expression profiling was performed for tumor subtype and immune signature analyses. RESULTS Presence of ctDNA was highly prognostic at diagnosis before chemotherapy (hazard ratio, 29.1; P = .001). After cystectomy, ctDNA analysis correctly identified all patients with metastatic relapse during disease monitoring (100% sensitivity, 98% specificity). A median lead time over radiographic imaging of 96 days was observed. In addition, for high-risk patients (ctDNA positive before or during treatment), the dynamics of ctDNA during chemotherapy was associated with disease recurrence ( P = .023), whereas pathologic downstaging was not. Analysis of tumor-centric biomarkers showed that mutational processes (signature 5) were associated with pathologic downstaging ( P = .024); however, no significant correlation for tumor subtypes, DNA damage response mutations, and other biomarkers was observed. Our results suggest that ctDNA analysis is better associated with treatment efficacy compared with other available methods. CONCLUSION ctDNA assessment for early risk stratification, therapy monitoring, and early relapse detection in bladder cancer is feasible and provides a basis for clinical studies that evaluate early therapeutic interventions.
Treatment Compliance as a Major Barrier to Optimal Cervical Cancer Treatment in Guatemala
Authors: Zamorano Abigail S. , Barnoya Joaquin , Gharzouzi Eduardo , Chrisman Robbins Camaryn , Orozco Emperatriz , Polo Guerra Sarita , Mutch David G. 
Published: May 2019

PURPOSE Despite being the only hospital to provide comprehensive cervical cancer treatment to many medically underserved Guatemalan women, no assessment of the cervical cancer patient population at the Guatemala Cancer Institute has been performed. To understand the demographics of the patient population, their treatment outcomes, and access to care, we sought to assess treatment compliance of patients with cervical cancer at the Guatemala Cancer Institute and its effects on patient outcomes. METHODS A retrospective chart review was conducted of patients with cervical cancer between 2005 and 2007 and assessed for follow-up through December 2015. Demographics and clinical characteristics were tabulated. A Kaplan-Meier curve to model compliance was generated. RESULTS Ninety-two patients with invasive cancer were analyzed. Most presented with squamous cell carcinoma (73%) and at locally advanced stages (IIB, 51%; IIIB, 33%). Most (75 of 92, 81.5%) initiated treatment after diagnosis, but 18.5% (17 of 92) were lost to follow-up before treatment initiation. For treatment, 97% received external beam radiation, 84% brachytherapy, and 4% concomitant chemotherapy. Nearly 20% of patients were lost to follow-up in the first 6 months and 65% in the first 5 years. Of the 67 patients who completed treatment, only 15 (16% of the initial cohort) were diagnosed with a recurrence. No deaths were recorded. CONCLUSION The low recurrence rate and no documented deaths suggest a correlation with the low compliance rate and poor follow-up. This finding highlights the need to examine more fully the barriers to compliance and access to care among this population to optimize the treatment of cervical cancer.
The Triaxial Physical Activity Signature Associated with Metabolic Health in Children
Authors: AADLAND EIVIND , KVALHEIM OLAV MARTIN , ANDERSSEN SIGMUND ALFRED , RESALAND GEIR KÅRE , ANDERSEN LARS BO 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose
The use of uniaxial summary measures from accelerometry (i.e., counts per minute or minutes spent in moderate-to-vigorous intensity) substantially restricts information about physical activity (PA), and is probably a result of reliance on analytic approaches that cannot handle collinear variables. In the present study, we aimed to determine the multivariate triaxial PA intensity signature related to metabolic health in children, by investigating associations of the whole spectra of PA intensities from all axes using multivariate pattern analysis.

Methods
We included 841 children (age, 10.2 ± 0.3 yr; body mass index, 18.0 ± 3.0; 50% boys) from the Active Smarter Kids study conducted in Norway 2014 to 2015 providing valid data on accelerometry (ActiGraph GT3X+) and several indices of metabolic health (aerobic fitness, abdominal fatness, insulin sensitivity, lipid metabolism, blood pressure) that were used to create a composite metabolic health score. We created intensity spectra from 0 to 100 to ≥10,000 counts per minute for separate axes and used multivariate pattern analysis to analyze the data.

Results
The explained variance of metabolic health was 3.2% for counts per minute from the vertical axis, 17.0% for the vertical axis intensity spectrum, and 29.5% for the full model including all axes. Thus, including full triaxial intensity spectra improved the model for metabolic health tenfold compared with using overall PA (counts per minute) from the vertical axis only. The intensity signature associated with metabolic health differed across the axes.

Conclusions
Our findings show that the three different axes carry distinct information about children’s PA and the relation of PA to their health and demonstrate a great potential for triaxial accelerometry and a multivariate analytic approach to advance the field of PA epidemiology.
Foot Angle and Loading Rate during Running Demonstrate a Nonlinear Relationship
Authors: STIFFLER-JOACHIM MIKEL R. , WILLE CHRISTA M. , KLIETHERMES STEPHANIE A. , JOHNSTON WILLIAM , HEIDERSCHEIT BRYAN C. 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT
Vertical loading rates are typically found to be lower in forefoot compared to rearfoot strikers, promoting the idea that forefoot striking is desirable and may reduce running injury risk. However, prior work using linear models has shown that foot inclination angle (FIA) at initial contact is a poor predictor of vertical loading rate, suggesting a more complex association exists.

Purpose
To determine if a nonlinear model superiorly describes the relationship between FIA and average vertical loading rate (AVLR). Secondary analyses assessed the influence of sex and sport on the association between FIA and AVLR.

Methods
Whole body kinematics and vertical ground reaction forces were collected for 170 healthy National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I athletes (97 males; 81 cross-country runners) during treadmill running at 2.68, 3.35, and 4.47 m·s−1. Foot inclination angle and AVLR were calculated for 15 strides and averaged across strides for each limb. Polynomial mixed effects models assessed linear and nonlinear trends in the relationship between FIA and AVLR across the entire sample and accounting for sex and sport participation.

Results
Average vertical loading rate was lowest at the extremes of FIA (i.e., −15°, 20°), whereas greater AVLR were observed between 5° and 10°. The cubic model resulted in a significantly better fit than the linear model (P < 0.001). Average vertical loading rate was also more variable among FIA associated with rearfoot and midfoot strike than forefoot strike. Adding sex to the model did not influence model fit; though, controlling for sport minimally improved model fit.

Conclusions
The relationship between FIA and AVLR is best represented by a cubic model. Consequently, FIA should be treated as a continuous variable. Reducing FIA into categories may misrepresent the relationship between FIA and other gait variables.
Physiological motion of the optic chiasm and its impact on stereotactic radiosurgery dose
Authors: Xiang Michael , Chan Cynthia , Wang Lei , Jani Khushboo , Holdsworth Samantha J. , Iv Michael , Pollom Erqi L. , Soltys Scott G. 
Published: May 2019

Objective:
Avoidance of radiation-induced optic neuropathy (RION) from stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) requires precise anatomical localization; however, no prior studies have characterized the physiologic motion of the optic chiasm. We measured the extent of chiasm motion and its impact on SRS dose.

Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, serial MRI was performed in multiple planes in 11 human subjects without optic pathway abnormalities to determine chiasm motion across time. Subsequently, the measured displacement was applied to the hypothetical chiasm dose received in 11 patients treated with SRS to a perichiasmatic lesion.

Results:
On sagittal images, the average anteroposterior chiasm displacement was 0.51 mm [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.27 – 0.75 mm], and the average superior-inferior displacement was 0.48 mm (95% CI 0.22 – 0.74 mm). On coronal images, the average superior–inferior displacement was 0.42 mm (95% CI 0.13 – 0.71 mm), and the average lateral displacement was 0.75 mm (95% CI 0.42 – 1.08 mm). In 11 patients who underwent SRS to a perichiasmatic lesion, the average displacements increased the maximum chiasm dose (Dmax) by a mean of 14 % (range 6–23 %; p &lt; 0.001).

Conclusion:
Average motion of the optic chiasm was approximately 0.50–0.75 mm, which increased chiasm Dmax by a mean of 14%. In the occasional patient with higher-than-average chiasm motion in a region of steep dose gradient, the increase in chiasm Dmax and risk of RION could be even larger. Similarly, previously reported chiasm dose constraints may underestimate the true dose received during radiosurgery.

Advances in knowledge:
To limit the risk of RION, clinicians may consider adding a 0.50–0.75 mm expansion to the chiasm avoidance structure.
Optimal Risk-Based Group Testing
Authors: Aprahamian Hrayer , Bish Douglas R. , Bish Ebru K. 
Published: May 2019

Group testing (i.e., testing multiple subjects simultaneously with a single test) is essential for classifying a large population of subjects as positive or negative for a binary characteristic (e.g., presence of a disease). We study optimal group testing designs under subject-specific risk characteristics and imperfect tests, considering classification accuracy-, efficiency- and equity-based objectives, and characterize important structural properties of optimal testing designs. These properties allow us to model the testing design problems as partitioning problems, develop efficient algorithms, and derive insights on equity versus accuracy trade-off. One of our models reduces to a constrained shortest path problem, for a special case of which we develop a polynomial-time algorithm. We also show that determining an optimal risk-based Dorfman testing scheme that minimizes the expected number of tests is tractable, resolving an open conjecture. We demonstrate the value of optimal risk-based testing schemes with a case study of public health screening. This paper was accepted by Yinyu Ye, optimization.
Illiquidity and Price Informativeness
Authors: Kerr Jon , Sadka Gil , Sadka Ronnie 
Published: May 2019

This paper shows that liquidity conditions are important determinants of the predictability of earnings. Liquid stock prices are more informative about future firm earnings growth than illiquid stock prices. Because information-related illiquidity can arise when uncertainty is high, we focus our analysis on evidence that noninformational liquidity affects price informativeness. Endogeneity is further addressed using controls for market uncertainty and several exogenous shocks as natural experiments. Thus, our results lend support for the impact of liquidity on price discovery.This paper was accepted by Lauren Cohen, finance.
Hydrosurgical debridement as an approach to wound healing: an animal thermal burn model
Authors: Hirokawa Eiko , Sato Tomoya , Fujino Takashi , Gotoh Yoshiya , Yokogawa Hideki , Ichioka Shigeru 
Published: May 2019

Objective: This study investigates the advantages of hydrosurgical debridement compared with surgical debridement. Method: Thermal skin burns were created on the backs of male Wistar rats. Surgical debridement was used to treat one wound and hydrosurgical debridement (Versajet Hydrosurgery System, Smith&Nephew, UK) used to treat the second wound. Debridement time, blood loss volume, time-to-heal and histologic changes in the wound areas were compared. Results: A total of 23 rats were used in the study. Debridement time and time-to-heal were significantly shorter with hydrosurgical debridement than with surgical debridement (p<0.01 and p<0.05, respectively). Blood loss volume was significantly less with hydrosurgical debridement (p<0.01), and the wound surface area was significantly smaller on days two (p<0.01), four (p<0.05) and seven (p<0.05). Dense inflammatory cell infiltration into dermal muscle was deeper after surgical debridement (p=0.017). Reactive fibrotic tissue at the wound surface was significantly thinner (p<0.001) and the vascular endothelial cell count was significantly higher (p<0.001) after hydrosurgical debridement. Conclusion: The hydrosurgical system used appears to provide for minimally invasive debridement that can be performed in a relatively short period of time. Use of the device appears to minimise injury to healthy tissue and ameliorate inflammation, which in turn promotes early wound healing and reduces scar contracture. Hydrosurgical debridement appears to cause less damage to normal tissues. Furthermore, it is easier and requires less time.
Ultrasonic debridement management of lower extremity wounds: retrospective analysis of clinical outcomes and cost
Authors: Messa Charles A , Chatman Brett C , Rhemtulla Irfan A , Broach Robyn B , Mauch Jaclyn T , D'Angelantonio Albert M , Fischer John P 
Published: May 2019

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess wound healing outcomes following direct, low-frequency, high-intensity, ultrasonic debridement as a surgical adjunct for non-healing lower extremity wounds. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted for patients undergoing lower extremity wound treatment with direct, low-frequency (22.5 kHz), high-intensity (~60 W/cm2) ultrasonic debridement between January 2010 and January 2016. Clinical outcomes were assessed up to 180-days post-ultrasonic debridement. Descriptive statistics, cost and univariate analysis were performed. Results: Overall, 82 wounds in 51 patients were included. Mean age was 57.0 years (range: 32–69), and average body mass index (BMI) was 30.8 kg/m². Patient comorbidities consisted of smoking (47%; n=24), hypertension (75%; n=38), diabetes (45%; n=23), and peripheral vascular disease (51%, n=26). Average wound age at initial presentation was 1013 days (range: 2–5475 days) with an average wound size of 9.0cm x 7.4cm. At 180-days post-debridement, 60% (n=49) of wounds had completely healed. Readmission (47%; n=24) and reoperation (45%; n=23) rates were characterised by the reason for readmission and reoperation respectively. Readmission for wound healing (70%, n=39) was primarily for further debridements (41%; n=16). Wound infection (30%; n=7) was the most common readmission for wound complications (30%; n=17). Reoperations primarily consisted of treatments for further wound healing 96% (n=51). Cost analysis showed a lower total treatment cost for patients with improved healing ($78,698), compared with non-improved wounds ($137,707). Conclusion: In a complex, heterogeneous cohort of chronic extremity wounds, the use of direct, low-frequency, high-intensity, ultrasonic debridement is a safe and reliable adjunctive therapy for the management of these wounds.
An evaluation of dehydrated human amnion/chorion membrane allografts for pressure ulcer treatment: a case series
Authors: Berhane Chi Chi , Brantley Kimberly , Williams Sandra , Sutton Erica , Kappy Carlyn 
Published: May 2019

Objective: Pressure ulcers (PU; also known as pressure injuries) affect about three million adults in the US and cost an estimated $11 billion dollars annually to treat. Prevention is most desirable, however, once a patient develops a PU, the focus shifts to effective treatment and rapid closure to improve health outcomes. We sought to evaluate outcomes in 10 patients with category II and III PUs treated with dehydrated human amnion/chorion membrane (dHACM) allografts. Method: All patients were treated with weekly application of dHACM plus standard wound care (SoC) and followed for eight weeks. Results: Of the PUs, two were category II and eight were category III. The average PU size at dHACM initiation was 3.42±1.76cm2. After the first application of dHACM 7/10 (70%) of PUs responded to treatment with a reduction in wound size. Within two weeks of dHACM initiation into the plan of care, 4/10 (40%) of PUs had reduced in size by >50%. By week four, 60% of PUs (6/10) had reduced in size by >50%. Overall, during the eight week evaluation period, 9/10 PUs reduced in size, three of which healed completely. Conclusion: dHACM allografts appear to be a viable treatment option for category II and III PUs.