bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tomato GLR3.3 and GLR3.5 mediate cold acclimation‐induced chilling tolerance by regulating apoplastic H2O2 production and redox homeostasis
Authors: Li Huizi , Jiang Xiaochun , Lv Xiangzhang , Ahammed Golam Jalal , Guo Zhixin , Qi Zhenyu , Yu Jingquan , Zhou Yanhong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPlant glutamate receptor‐like (GLR) genes play important roles in plant development and immune response. However, the functions of GLRs in abiotic stress response remain unclear. Here we show that cold acclimation at 12°C induced the transcripts of GLR3.3 and GLR3.5 with increased tolerance against a subsequent chilling at 4 °C. Silencing of GLR3.3 or/and GLR3.5 or application of the antagonist of ionotropic glutamate receptor 6,7‐dinitroquinoxaline‐2,3‐dione (DNQX), all compromised the acclimation‐induced increases in the transcripts of respiratory burst oxidase homolog1 (RBOH1), activity of NADPH oxidase, the accumulation of apoplastic H2O2 and the ratio of reduced glutathione (GSH) to oxidized glutathione (GSSG), resulting in an attenuated chilling tolerance; the effect, however, was rescued by foliar application of H2O2 or GSH. Both RBOH1‐silenced and glutathione biosynthesis genes, γ‐ glutamylcysteine synthetase (GSH1)‐ and glutathione synthetase (GSH2)‐cosilenced plants had decreased chilling tolerance with reduced GSH/GSSG ratio. Moreover, application of DNQX had little effects on the GSH/GSSG ratio and the tolerance in RBOH1‐silenced plants and GSH1‐ and GSH2‐cosilenced plants. These findings unmasked the functional hierarchy of GLR‐H2O2‐glutathione cascade and shed new light on cold response pathway in tomato plants.
What makes a volatile organic compound a reliable indicator of insect herbivory?
Authors: Douma Jacob C. , Ganzeveld Laurens N. , Unsicker Sybille B. , Boeckler G. Andreas , Dicke Marcel 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPlants that are subject to insect herbivory emit a blend of so‐called herbivore‐induced plant volatiles (HIPVs), of which only a few serve as cues for the carnivorous enemies to locate their host. We lack understanding which HIPVs are reliable indicators of insect herbivory. Here, we take a modelling approach to elucidate which physicochemical and physiological properties contribute to the information value of a HIPV. A leaf‐level HIPV synthesis and emission model is developed and parameterized to poplar. Next, HIPV concentrations within the canopy are inferred as a function of dispersion, transport and chemical degradation of the compounds. We show that the ability of HIPVs to reveal herbivory varies from almost perfect to no better than chance and interacts with canopy conditions. Model predictions matched well with leaf‐emission measurements and field and laboratory assays. The chemical class a compound belongs to predicted the signalling ability of a compound only to a minor extent, whereas compound characteristics such as its reaction rate with atmospheric oxidants, biosynthesis rate upon herbivory and volatility were much more important predictors. This study shows the power of merging fields of plant–insect interactions and atmospheric chemistry research to increase our understanding of the ecological significance of HIPVs.
Behavior problems and dysfunctional parenting: Cross‐sectional study in Japan
Authors: Suzuki Hiromi , Yoda Takeshi , Kanda Kanae , Nishimoto Naoki , Miyatake Nobuyuki , Konishi Yukihiko , Nishida Tomoko , Yokoyama Katsunori , Kusaka Takashi , Hirao Tomohiro 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe Japanese government has established a law encouraging early detection and treatment of developmental disorders in children. Child behavior problems (CBP) tend to be recognized at school as a result of developmental disorders. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with CBP in Japan. We hypothesized that factors other than developmental disorders are important in explaining CBP.MethodsThe study was conducted between February and March 2015. Parents of 3,515 children aged 2–5 years attending one of 34 public nursery schools in Takamatsu, Kagawa, Japan received self‐administered questionnaires addressing parental socioeconomic factors, mental health, parenting style (i.e. hostile, overreactive, or lax), developmental disorders in children, and CBP. A multiple regression analysis was applied to explore associations between CBP and possible factors.ResultsOverall, 1,410 mothers were eligible to participate in the study. Children diagnosed with developmental disorders accounted for 7.8% of the sample, while on the Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory 17% of children had behavior problems needing clinical intervention. After adjustment for confounding factors, as well as for the diagnosis of developmental disorders, poor mental status and all three dysfunctional parenting styles had strong associations with CBP, and hostile, overreactive, and lax parenting had standardized β‐values (β) of 0.29, 0.28, and 0.15, respectively (P < 0.01). A problematic relationship between the parents was also significantly associated with CBP (β = −0.29, P < 0.01).ConclusionWhen CBP are identified, parenting skills, mental health status and parental relationships should be considered along with the possibility of developmental disorders in the development of interventions.
A learning health network for pediatric liver transplantation: Inaugural meeting report from the Starzl Network for Excellence in Pediatric Transplantation
Authors: Squires James E. , Logan Beth , Lorts Angela , Haskell Henrisa , Sisaithong Kristen , Pillari Tony , Szolna Jonathan , Dodd Darcy , Gonzalez‐Peralta Regino P. , Hsu Evelyn , Kelly Beau , Kosmach‐Park Beverly , Lobritto Steven , Ng Vicky L. , Perito Emily , Rasmussen Sara , Romero Rene , Shemesh Eyal , Karolak Hannah , Mazariegos George V. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractLearning Health Networks (LHN) improve the well‐being of populations by aligning clinical care specialists, technology experts, patients and patient advocates, and other thought leaders for continuous improvement and seamless care delivery. A novel LHN focused on pediatric transplantation, the Starzl Network for Excellence in Pediatric Transplantation (SNEPT), convened its inaugural meeting in September 2018. Clinical care team representatives, patients, and patient families/advocates partnered to take part in educational sessions, pain point exercises, and project identification workshops. Participants discussed the global impact of transplant from both a population and individual perspective, identifying challenges and opportunities where the Starzl Network could work to improve outcomes at scale across a variety of transplant‐related conditions.
Unusual venous collateral pathways allow for reperfusion of the intrahepatic portal venous system in children with portal vein thrombosis after split liver transplantation: Clinical relevance and management implications
Authors: Mamone Giuseppe , Caruso Settimo , di Francesco Fabrizio , Miraglia Roberto , de Ville de Goyet Jean 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPVT is the most frequent vascular complication after LT in small children, and a higher incidence has been observed in those transplanted for biliary atresia or with a LLSG. Thrombosis of the PV causes extrahepatic portal hypertension and is associated with splenomegaly and the development of venous neo‐collaterals, including gastro‐oesophageal varices and splenorenal shunts. It has also been incidentally suggested in the literature that patients who have had a Roux‐en‐Y loop for a biliary reconstruction may present with a cavernomatous transformation of the distal portion of the loop. In this study, 13 children with CEPH caused by thrombosis of the PV after LT were analysed. The study evidenced the development of two types of hepatopetal venous networks: (a) a large cavernoma along the Roux loop and around the biliary anastomosis, and (b) a network of neo‐collaterals in the gastro‐duodeno‐pancreatic area that connected to the intrahepatic portal branches directly through the liver capsule. These hepatopetal venous networks between the venous system of the surrounding organs or the omentum and the intrahepatic portal branches can be identified by radiologists. The relevance for the transplanting physician and the transplant surgeon is discussed.
Current challenges and opportunities to providing sexually transmitted disease services in STD clinics: A public health leadership perspective
Authors: Kovar Cheryl L. , Fazzone Patricia , Bynum Susan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo assess leaders’ perceptions of challenges and opportunities to providing sexually transmitted disease (STD) services in public health departments.Design and SampleSemi‐structured interviews were conducted in 2017 with health directors and other designated leaders in 19 public health departments who have an STD clinic. Purposive sampling accounted for geographical differences, providing balanced representation of urban, suburban, and rural agencies in North Carolina.MeasurementAudiotaped interviews were transcribed verbatim. All transcripts were independently coded, with cross comparison and agreement between researchers. Rigorous thematic and content analyses were performed.ResultsPerceived stigma, funding constraints, and client‐centered issues were identified as the greatest challenges to providing services. Opportunities to improve these services were offering comprehensive screening methods, quality improvement, and public health accreditation. Focused training on revenue and billing practices for staff was acknowledged as the most needed technical assistance. A “culture of free services”, perceived by clients and staff, was revealed throughout several themes.ConclusionsLeaders in publicly funded STD clinics face many challenges and opportunities to providing clinical services. Health directors often serve as change agents and improving the sexual health of communities remains a priority. Results of this study will assist in crafting future policy and practice for STD clinics in the public health sector.
Feeling Religion (As a Matter of Method): Historical Meaning and Affective Engagement in the Study of Religion
Authors: Trein Lorenz 
Published: July 2019

AbstractContemporary debates about the renewed significance of emotions and affects in the study of religion perpetuate the disciplinary work of analyzing religion vis‐à‐vis contested approaches to the history of religions. The article takes a comparative and historio‐theoretical approach to the burgeoning field of religious emotions and affects in order to ask how specific arguments about methodology resonate with contested scholarly ideas and narratives of history. Furthermore, the article aims to bring different areas of contemporary scholarship on religious emotions and affects into conversation which have not been treated as interdependent. The materials under consideration are taken from sub‐fields in the discipline such as history of religions, affect theory, and material religion, as well as from closely related debates about theory of practice, presence, and the impact of hermeneutics on the field of religion.
Four Decades of Transformation in Decision Analytic Practice for Societal Risk Management
Authors: McDaniels Timothy 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe formal mathematical structure for decision making under uncertainty was first expressed in Savage's axioms over 60 years ago. But while the underlyingnormativeconcepts for decision making under uncertainty remain constant, thepracticeof applying these concepts in real‐world settings, as conducted by decision analysis (DA) specialists working with agencies and interested parties, has seen a major transformation in recent decades. The purpose of this article is to provide perspectives that characterize and interpret how DA practice for societal risk management questions has grown and is being transformed over the last 40 years. It addresses a series of themes for parsing changes in how DA has evolved toward more flexible approaches, moving beyond strict theoretical assumptions and constrained settings, and addresses multiple interested parties to provide insights rather than a single correct answer. The article clarifies the path from the initial DA formulation as a set of normative axioms, through gradual change into what is now the most flexible and least restrictive form of policy analysis. The article shows how the practice of DA for societal risks has become more attuned to a wide array of interests and perspectives, more behaviorally informed, more creative, and more informative for governance process. It addresses the following themes: the evolution in the basic orientation of DA, the increasingly important role of stakeholders in DA practice, the importance and value of key problem‐structuring techniques, and evolution in approaches for eliciting values and technical judgments.
Directions for surgical capacity developments in Nepal: a population‐based assessment
Authors: Knulst Arjan J. , Gupta Shailvi , Groen Reinou S. , Maharjan Dipak , Kapendra Amatya S. , Dankelman Jenny , Kushner Adam L. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectivesLack of access to safe surgery is seen as a major issue that needs to be addressed. The aim of this study was to understand which combinations of factors relate to high occurrences of unmet needs and disability in Nepal, and consequently, how to focus future work to maximise impact in this country.MethodsA large population‐based survey was conducted in Nepal in 2014 to evaluate the unmet surgical needs that result in disability. Recorded factors included diseased anatomical areas, disease specifics, disease locations, injury types, reasons for having an unmet need and the types of disability.ResultsIncluded in the study were 2695 individuals. The anatomical areas facing the highest disabling unmet surgical need were Head (3.9% of population), Groin/Genitalia (2.2% of population) and Extremities (3.6% of population). Four focus areas could be defined. Increase affordability, availability and acceptability of surgical care to non‐traumatic disabling conditions of (i) the eye, and (ii) extremities, and (iii) to traumatic disabling conditions of extremities and finally (iv) increase acceptability of having surgical care for non‐traumatic conditions in the groin and genital area. For the latter, fear/no trust was the main reason for receiving no surgical care despite the resulting shame.ConclusionsThis study defined four focus areas that showed the largest unmet needs that resulted in a perceived disability. For those areas, affordability, availability and acceptability of surgical need to be addressed through technical developments, capacity building and raising awareness.
Epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition and keratinocyte differentiation in equine experimental body and limb wounds healing by second intention
Authors: Jørgensen Elin , Pirone Andrea , Jacobsen Stine , Miragliotta Vincenzo 
Published: July 2019

BackgroundThe re‐epithelialization process in equine wound healing is incompletely described. For epithelial cells to migrate during embryogenesis they undergo epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT); this phenotypic transition occurs during wound healing in humans and rodents, but it has not been investigated in horses.Hypothesis/objectivesTo investigate keratinocyte differentiation and EMT in equine experimental excisional limb and body wounds healing by second intention.AnimalsSix adult research horses.Methods and materialsImmunohistochemical analysis was used to detect expression of the differentiation markers cytokeratin (CK)10, CK14, loricrin and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor alpha (PPAR‐α), and of the EMT markers E‐cadherin and N‐cadherin in normal limb and body skin, and biopsies from limb and body wounds.ResultsLoricrin and CK10 were expressed in normal skin and periwound skin but not in migrating epithelium of body and limb wounds. However, they reappeared at the migrating epithelial tip of body wounds only. CK14 and PPAR‐α had uniform distribution throughout the migrating epithelium. N‐cadherin was not expressed in normal unwounded skin but was detected in periwound skin adjacent to the wound margin. E‐cadherin expression decreased at the wound margin.Conclusions and clinical importancePresence of N‐cadherin suggests that cadherin switching occurred during wound healing, this may be an indication that EMT occurs in horses. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this has never been described in horses before and warrants further investigation to assess the clinical implications. The tip of the migrating epithelium in body wounds appeared more differentiated than limb wounds, which could be part of the explanation for the superior healing of body wounds.
Change‐of‐Shift Nursing Handoff Interruptions: Implications for Evidence‐Based Practice
Authors: Rhudy Lori M. , Johnson Maren R. , Krecke Catherine A. , Keigley Danielle S. , Schnell Sarah J. , Maxson Pamela M. , McGill Sharon M. , Warfield Karen T. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe importance of change‐of‐shift handoffs in maintaining patient safety has been well demonstrated. Change‐of‐shift handoff is an important source of data used in surveillance, a nursing intervention aimed at identifying and preventing complications. Surveillance requires the nurse to acquire, process, and synthesize information (cues) encountered during patient care. Interruptions in handoff have been observed but there is a gap in the evidence concerning how interruptions during nurse‐to‐nurse handoff impact the change‐of‐shift handoff process.AimsTo describe registered nurses’ perceptions of interruptions experienced during change‐of‐shift handoff at the bedside in critical care units and analyze the number, type, and source of interruptions during change‐of‐shift handoff at the bedside.MethodsAn exploratory descriptive design was used. One hundred nurse‐to‐nurse handoffs were observed, and four focus groups were conducted. Observation data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and quantitative content analysis. Focus group data were analyzed with qualitative content analysis.Results and FindingsOf the 1,196 interruptions observed, 800 occurred in the communication between the two nurses involved in the handoff. Over 80% (645) of these interruptions were from the nurse receiving handoff and included questions or clarification of information received. About half of the nurses reported that interruptions occurred during handoff. Focus group findings revealed that whether or not something is an interruption is determined by the individual nurse’s appraisal of value added to their knowledge of the patient and/or plan of care at the time of handoff.Linking Evidence to ActionInterruptions during handoff are evaluated as useful or disruptive based on the value to the nurse at the time. Strict structuring or mandating of handoff elements may limit nurses’ ability to communicate information deemed most relevant to the care of a specific unique patient.
The discovery of NeotropicalLepidosira(Collembola, Entomobryidae) and its systematic position
Authors: Nunes Rudy C. , Godeiro Nerivânia N. , Pacheco George , Liu Shanlin , Gilbert Marcus Thomas P. , Alvarez‐Valin Fernando , Zhang Feng , Bellini Bruno C. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe herein present the first reliable record ofLepidosirafrom Neotropical Region.Lepidosira neotropicalissp. n. from Brazil is described and illustrated in detail, including its complete mitochondrial genome. We perform a Bayesian phylogenetic analysis to place the new species within the Entomobryidae, and at the same time to test previous contrasting hypotheses onLepidosiraposition within the Entomobryinae versus Seirinae for the first time. Phylogenetic analyses were based on one mitochondrial and two nuclear genes, Cytochrome Oxidase subunit I, 18S ribosomal RNA and 28S ribosomal RNA, respectively.Lepidosira neotropicalissp. n. resemblesL. sundanaYoshii and Suhardjono andL. nigropunctata(Nguyen) in dorsal chaetotaxy of abdominal segments I and II, but differs from all other species by the combination of head (dorsally and ventrally) and dorsal trunk chaetotaxy, plus empodial complex morphology. Our phylogenetic analyses support the placement ofLepidosirawithin Entomobryinae, as the sister group ofLepidocyrtoides. Overall, our revision enables a more objective diagnosis toLepidosiraand suggests that the genus is in need of a full revision due to its variable morphology, and lack of data needed to evaluate its monophyly. Finally, we provide an identification key for Neotropical genera of Entomobryinae.
Validation of a Numerical Quasi-One-Dimensional Model for Wave Rotor Turbines With Curved Channels
Authors: Tüchler Stefan , Copeland Colin D. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
A wave rotor is a shock-driven pressure exchange device that, while relatively rarely studied or indeed, employed, offers significant potential efficiency gains in a variety of applications including refrigeration and gas turbine topping cycles. This paper introduces a quasi-one-dimensional (Q1D) wave action model implemented in matlab for the computation of the unsteady flow field and performance characteristics of wave rotors of straight or cambered channel profiles. The purpose here is to introduce and validate a rapid but reliable method of modeling the performance of a power-generating wave rotor where little such insight exists in open literature. The model numerically solves the laminar one-dimensional (1D) Navier–Stokes equations using a two-step Richtmyer time variation diminishing (TVD) scheme with minmod flux limiter. Additional source terms account for viscous losses, wall heat transfer, flow leakage between rotor and stator endplates as well as torque generation through momentum change. Model validation was conducted in two steps. First of all, unsteady and steady predictive capabilities were tested on three-port pressure divider rotors from open literature. The results show that both steady port flow conditions as well as the wave action within the rotor can be predicted with good agreement. Further validation was done on an in-house developed and experimentally tested four-port, three-cycle, throughflow microwave rotor turbine featuring symmetrically cambered passage walls aimed at delivering approximately 500 W of shaft power. The numerical results depict trends for pressure ratio, shaft power, and outlet temperature reasonably well. However, the results also highlight the need to accurately measure leakage gaps when the machine is running in thermal equilibrium.
Quenching Vibration by Imposing Nodes on a Plate Subjected to Multiple Harmonics With Distinct Excitation Frequencies
Authors: Shen Yichang , Cha Philip D. , Zhou Xiang 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In this paper, a simple and efficient method to enforce nodes, or points of zero vibration, on an arbitrarily supported rectangular plate subjected to multiple harmonics with distinct excitation frequencies is developed. This vibration suppression is achieved by attaching a chain of properly tuned oscillators, configured in series, to the host plate. The governing equations of the combined system are first obtained using the assumed-modes method. Enforcing the node conditions for the given excitation frequencies, a set of constraint equations are formulated, from which the sprung mass parameters can be determined. Two special cases are considered: when the attachment and node locations coincide (or collocated) and when they do not (or non-collocated). For the former case, determining the required oscillator parameters requires one to solve an inverse eigenvalue problem, and for the latter case, it requires one to use a generic optimization algorithm. Procedures to tune the parameters of the oscillator chains are outlined in detail, and numerical experiments validate the proposed method of enforcing nodes to mitigate excess vibration when the plate is subjected to multiple harmonic excitations.