bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of 15 nuclear EST microsatellite markers for the paleoendemic conifer Pherosphaera hookeriana (Podocarpaceae)
Authors: Worth James R. P. , Marthick James R. , Rossetto Maurizio , Cohen Joel , Bourke Greg , Jordan Gregory J. 
Published: June 2018

Premise of the StudyNuclear microsatellite markers were developed for population genetic analysis of the threatened paleoendemic conifer Pherosphaera hookeriana (Podocarpaceae).Methods and ResultsFifteen variable loci were identified showing one to 13 alleles per population, with seven loci displaying at least four alleles in all populations, and the average number of alleles per locus ranging from 4.80 to 5.93 per population. Levels of observed heterozygosity per locus varied from 0.00 to 0.91, while average heterozygosity across all loci varied from 0.54 to 0.63 between populations. All loci also amplified in the endangered congener P. fitzgeraldii, but only five of the loci had more than one allele.ConclusionsThese 15 loci are the first microsatellite markers developed in the genus Pherosphaera. These loci will be useful for investigating the species' extant genetic diversity and structure, the impact of past environmental change, and the significance of asexual reproduction.
Gingival augmentation by combination of laser and Acellular Dermal Matrix allograft in a patient with dystrophic form of epidermolysis bullosa: A case report
Authors: Gholami Leila , Taherpour Omid 
Published: June 2018

Key Clinical MessageA patient suffering from epidermolysis bullosa with gingival recession and lack of attached gingiva of the mandibular anterior teeth. Treatment was performed to increase the amount of attached gingiva. An erbium laser was used and the site augmented with Acellular Dermal Matrix allograft to reduce the donor site surgical complications.
Normocalcemia but still elevated parathyroid hormone levels after parathyroidectomy
Authors: van der Doelen Rick H. A. , Nijhuis Paul , van der Velde Robert , Janssen Marcel J. W. 
Published: June 2018

Key Clinical MessageEven when laboratory results at first match with clinical assessment, assay interference should still be on a clinician's mind when later results no longer fit with the patient.
Micro/Nanostructure‐Dependent Electrochemical Performances of Sb2O3 Micro‐Bundles as Anode Materials for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Yang Leping , Huang Yuli , Li Xiaoyun , Sheng Jian , Li Feng , Xie Zhaojun , Zhou Zhen 
Published: June 2018

AbstractSodium ion batteries (SIBs) are regarded as promising next‐generation energy storage devices due to their decent theoretical energy density and especially low cost. Here, micro/nanostructured Sb2O3 micro‐bundles consisting of many abreast nanoribbons were prepared via a simple hydrothermal route. In this unique structure, both ends of Sb2O3 nanoribbons with the thickness of ∼50 nm scatter with each other and extend radially from the center point, which not only reserves more space between nanoribbons to accommodate volume changes, but also provides plenty of open channels to facilitate the intimate contact of active species, conductive agents and electrolytes, thus efficiently shortening diffusion paths of Na+/e−. Evaluated as anode materials for SIBs, Sb2O3 micro‐bundles delivered outstanding electrochemical performance: high reversible capacity, superb rate capability, and stable cyclic ability. To get more insight, both the morphology evolution and the effect on electrochemical performance were explored as well, which further verified the significance of designing micro/nanostructured electrode materials in advanced energy storage fields.
Phosphorus Dual‐Doped MoO2 Nanosheet/Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Hybrid as Efficient Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Hu Haiguo , Tian Ming , Li Feng , Gao Lili , Xu Na , Hu Yiping , Long Xuefeng , Ma Jiantai , Jin Jun 
Published: June 2018

AbstractHighly efficient and precious metal free catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) are of vital importance for renewable energy technologies. Nevertheless, developing simple methods for the synthesis of highly active and super‐durable electrocatalysts at low cost for HER still remains a major challenge. In this work, high temperature pyrolysis of (NH4)6Mo7O24 ⋅ 4H2O, NaH2PO4 and multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in Ar atmosphere is carried out to obtain phosphorus dually doped MoO2 nanosheets (MoO2 NSs) and MWCNTs hybrids (MoO2Px NSs/P‐MWCNTs), which can serve as excellent electrocatalyst for HER. In 0.5 M H2SO4, the hybrid material catalyzes HER with an onset potential of −27 mV (vs. reversible hydrogen electrode, RHE), Tafel slope of 45 mV dec−1, and an overpotential at 10 mA cm−2 of only 57 mV. Additionally, it displays favorable stability over 50 h in acidic media.
Multiphoton Intravital Calcium Imaging
Authors: Cheetham Claire E. J. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMultiphoton intravital calcium imaging is a powerful technique that enables high‐resolution longitudinal monitoring of cellular and subcellular activity hundreds of microns deep in the living organism. This unit addresses the application of 2‐photon microscopy to imaging of genetically encoded calcium indicators (GECIs) in the mouse brain. The protocols in this unit enable real‐time intravital imaging of intracellular calcium concentration simultaneously in hundreds of neurons, or at the resolution of single synapses, as mice respond to sensory stimuli or perform behavioral tasks. Protocols are presented for implantation of a cranial imaging window to provide optical access to the brain and for 2‐photon image acquisition. Protocols for implantation of both open skull and thinned skull windows for single or multi‐session imaging are described. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
BindMe: A thread binding library with advanced mapping algorithms
Authors: Soomro Pirah Noor , Sasongko Muhammad Aditya , Unat Didem 
Published: June 2018

SummaryBinding parallel tasks to cores according to a placement policy is one of the key aspects to achieve good performance in multicore machines because it can reduce on‐chip communication among parallel threads. Binding also prevents operating system from migrating threads, which improves data locality. However, there is no single mapping policy that works best among all different kinds of applications and platforms because each machine has a different topology and each application exhibits different communication pattern. Determining the best policy for a given application and machine requires extra programming effort. To relieve the programmer from that burden, we introduce BindMe, a thread binding library that assists programmer to bind threads to underlying hardware. BindMe incorporates state‐of‐the‐art mapping algorithms, which use communication pattern in an application to formulate an efficient task placement policy. We also introduce ChoiceMap, a communication aware mapping algorithm that respects mutual priorities of parallel tasks and performs a fair mapping by reducing communication volume among cores. We have tested BindMe and ChoiceMap with various applications from NAS parallel benchmark and Rodinia bechmark. Our results show that choosing a mapping policy that best suits the application behavior can increase its performance and no single policy gives the best performance across different applications.
Low‐cost LED‐based Photo‐CIDNP Enables Biocompatible Hyperpolarization of 19F for NMR and MRI at 7 T and 4.7 T
Authors: Bernarding Johannes , Euchner Frederike , Bruns Christian , Ringleb Rainer , Müller Darius , Trantzschel Thomas , Bargon Joachim , Bommerich Ute , Plaumann Markus 
Published: June 2018

AbstractSubstrates containing 19F can serve as background‐free reporter molecules for NMR and MRI. However, in vivo applications are still limited due to the lower signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) when compared with 1H NMR. Although hyperpolarization can increase the SNR, to date, only photo‐chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization (photo‐CIDNP) allows for hyperpolarization without harmful metal catalysts. Photo‐CIDNP was shown to significantly enhance 19F NMR signals of 3‐fluoro‐DL‐tyrosine in aqueous solution using flavins as photosensitizers. However, lasers were used for photoexcitation, which is expensive and requires appropriate protection procedures in a medical or lab environment. Herein, we report 19F MR hyperpolarization at 4.7 T and 7 T with a biocompatible system using a low‐cost and easy‐to‐handle LED‐based set‐up. First hyperpolarized 19F MR images could be acquired, because photo‐CIDNP enabled repetitive hyperpolarization without adding new substrates.
A Method for Parasagittal Sectioning for Neuroanatomical Quantification of Brain Structures in the Adult Mouse
Authors: Collins Stephan C. , Wagner Christel , Gagliardi Léo , Kretz Perrine F. , Fischer Marie‐Christine , Kessler Pascal , Kannan Meghna , Yalcin Binnaz 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn this article, we present a standardized protocol for fast and robust neuroanatomical phenotyping of the adult mouse brain, which complements a previously published article (doi: 10.1002/cpmo.12) in Current Protocols in Mouse Biology. It is aimed at providing an experimental pipeline within an academic research setting from experimental work to data analysis. Our analysis focuses on one single parasagittal plane, covering the majority of brain regions involved in higher order cognitions such as the cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum, for a total of 166 parameters of area, length, and cell‐level measurements in contrast to 78 parameters in our previously published coronal screen. Benefits of using parasagittal analysis for large‐scale neuroanatomic screens are discussed. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Assessing Individual Neuronal Activity Across the Intact Brain: Using Hybridization Chain Reaction (HCR) to DetectArcmRNA Localized to the Nucleus in Volumes of Cleared Brain Tissue
Authors: Kramer Emily E. , Steadman Patrick E. , Epp Jonathan R. , Frankland Paul W. , Josselyn Sheena A. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractArc(activity‐regulated cytoskeleton‐associated protein) is an immediate early gene that may be used to label recently active neurons.Arcis transcribed following neuronal activity, and its mRNA is then rapidly transported to dendrites. This feature allows nuclear‐localizedArcmRNA to define ensembles of recently active neurons in systems or circuit neuroscience. However, typical in situ hybridization techniques severely constrain the thickness of the tissue specimen (typically 20‐µm brain slices). Here, we describe a protocol for visualizing intranuclearArcmRNA in large (4 × 4 × 3 mm) volumes of intact mouse brain tissue. We combined a tissue clearing protocol (iDISCO+) with an advanced in situ hybridization technique (hybridization chain reaction [HCR]) to detect nuclear‐localizedArcmRNA in whole, intact brain regions without the need for brain sectioning or reconstruction. We successfully applied this protocol to image ensembles of neurons of the basolateral amygdala in mice that are active following the recall of a conditioned fear memory. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Solvothermally Controlled Synthesis of Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Nanosheets as Efficient pH‐Universal Hydrogen‐Evolution Electrocatalysts
Authors: Zhou Qiusheng , Chen Zhongxin , Zhong Linxin , Li Xuehui , Sun Runcang , Feng Jianrui , Wang Gui‐chang , Peng Xinwen 
Published: June 2018

AbstractElectrocatalysts with a high efficiency and durability for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) hold tremendous promise for next‐generation energy conversion. Among the state‐of‐art catalysts for HER, organic–inorganic hybrid nanosheets exhibit a great potential with the merits of high activity, good durability, and low cost. Nevertheless, there is no general method for the synthesis of binary metal phosphide hybrid nanosheet HER catalysts with a tunable morphology and composition. Herein, we report a facile approach for the synthesis of nanosheets consisting of a binary cobalt nickel phosphide hybrid with a hierarchically porous nanostructures using an oxidation– phosphorization process. The as‐optimized hybrid nanosheets annealed at 350 °C yield the highest pH‐universal activity with overpotentials of 148, 111, and 173 mV in acidic, alkaline, and neutral media, respectively. Besides the promoted mass diffusion in the hierarchically porous structure, the extraordinary performance can be also attributed to the weakened adsorption of hydrogen as a result of the tunable composition of Co and Ni, which was revealed by first‐principles calculations.
Do autochthonous resources enhance trophic transfer of allochthonous organic matter to aquatic consumers, or vice versa?
Authors: Grieve Adrian , Lau Danny C. P. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAutochthonous and allochthonous resources are known to differ in nutritional quality and trophic support for aquatic food webs, but it is less clear how these high‐ and low‐quality resources interact to affect trophic transfer and consumer production. We conducted 30‐d feeding trials to investigate the resource assimilation, somatic growth, and fatty‐acid (FA) composition of the widespread benthic generalist isopod Asellus aquaticus, in response to different ratios of low‐quality allochthonous (leaf litter) to high‐quality autochthonous diets (algae). Wet mass growth of Asellus was lowest when fed 100% leaf litter or algae (0.53 ± 0.46 and 0.55 ± 0.57 mg·g−1·d−1, respectively; mean ± SE) and highest (4.95 ± 0.51 mg·g−1·d−1) with a diet of 90:10 leaf litter:algae ratio. Asellus tended to grow slower with increasing dietary algal proportions (10–100%), yet stable isotopes and Bayesian mixing models revealed consistently high algal assimilation (≥94%) by Asellus. Therefore, among the mixed‐diet treatments, Asellus biomass production using algal resources was optimized when terrestrial organic matter (OM) dominated over algae. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA):total FA, EPA:omega‐3 FA, and arachidonic acid:total FA declined, but docosahexaenoic acid (DHA):omega‐3 FA increased, with increasing growth of Asellus. Tissue EPA concentrations of Asellus were similar among treatments, so reductions in EPA:omega‐3 and EPA:total FA were due to increases in DHA concentration. Overall, our results suggest synergistic effects between autochthonous and allochthonous resources on Asellus growth and that allochthonous OM particularly facilitates the trophic transfer of autochthonous resources. Asellus preferentially retains DHA at low algal availability. This may improve its neural tissue development and so its success in accessing algae. The growth and FA responses of the widespread Asellus can enhance resource and DHA transfer to visual predators that have greater DHA demands, particularly when brownification of boreal freshwaters likely intensifies upon global climate change.
Biotic disturbance mitigates effects of multiple stressors in a marine benthic community
Authors: Lenihan Hunter S. , Peterson Charles H. , Miller Robert J. , Kayal Mohsen , Potoski Matthew 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPredicting how communities respond to multiple stressors is challenging because community dynamics, stressors, and animal–stressor interactions can vary with environmental conditions, including the intensity of natural disturbance. Nevertheless, environmental laws stipulate that we predict, measure, and mitigate the ecological effects of some human‐induced stressors in the environment, including chemical contaminants in aquatic ecosystems. We conducted an experiment in Antarctica to test how a marine soft‐sediment benthic community responded to multiple chemical contaminants and biotic disturbance by manipulating organic carbon enrichment, copper metal contamination, access by large epibenthic animals, and their interaction. Biotic disturbance caused mainly by large echinoderms was manipulated with exclusion cages and cage‐control treatments. Colonization patterns in sediment trays revealed that total infaunal abundance and arthropods decreased with toxic Cu (0, 100, and 500 ppm) and total organic carbon (TOC; 0%, 1%, and 2% by wt), as enrichment produced increasing levels of sediment hypoxia/anoxia. Annelids and echinoderms decreased with Cu but increased with TOC because many colonizing polychaete worms, seastars, and epifaunal sea urchins were deposit feeders. Bioturbation by echinoderms disturbed sediments, leading to a substantial decline in total infaunal abundance in uncontaminated sediments, but also an increase in the relative abundance in contaminated sediments, as bioturbation mitigated the effect of both chemical stressors. Biotic disturbance also caused substantial shifts in the species composition of the invertebrate assemblages and an overall increase in species diversity. Prior predictions about the response of benthic marine phyla to the separate and combined effects of Cu and carbon enrichment appear robust to variation in natural biotic disturbance.
Beyond body size: consistent decrease of traits within orthopteran assemblages with elevation
Authors: Tiede Yvonne , Hemp Claudia , Schmidt Antje , Nauss Thomas , Farwig Nina , Brandl Roland 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMorphological traits provide the interface between species and their environment. For example, body size affects the fitness of individuals in various ways. Yet especially for ectotherms, the applicability of general rules of interspecific clines of body size and even more so of other morphological traits is still under debate. Here we tested relationships between elevation (as a proxy for temperature) and productivity with four ecologically relevant morphological traits of orthopteran assemblages that are related to fecundity (body size), dispersal (wing length), jumping ability (hind femur length), and predator detection (eye size). We measured traits of 160 orthopteran species that were sampled along an extensive environmental gradient at Mt. Kilimanjaro (Tanzania), spanning elevations from 790 to 4,410 m above sea level (a.s.l.) with different levels of plant productivity. For traits other than body size, we calculated the residuals from a regression on body length to estimate the variation of traits irrespective of body size. Bayesian analyses revealed that mean body size of assemblages, as well as the means of relative wing length, hind femur length, and eye size, decreased with increasing elevation. Body size and relative eye size also decreased with increasing productivity. Both phylogenetic relationships, as well as species‐specific adaptations, contributed to these patterns. Our results suggest that orthopteran assemblages had higher fecundity and better dispersal and escape abilities, as well as better predator detection at higher temperatures (low elevations) than at low temperatures (high elevations). Large body sizes might be advantageous in habitats with low productivity because of a reduced risk of starvation. Likewise, large eye size might be advantageous because of the ability to detect predators in habitats with low vegetation cover, where hiding possibilities are scarce. Our study highlights that changes in temperature and productivity not only lead to interspecific changes in body size but are also related to independent changes of other morphological traits that influence the ecological fit of organisms in their environment.
The importance of accounting for imperfect detection when estimating functional and phylogenetic community structure
Authors: Si Xingfeng , Cadotte Marc W. , Zhao Yuhao , Zhou Haonan , Zeng Di , Li Jiaqi , Jin Tinghao , Ren Peng , Wang Yanping , Ding Ping , Tingley Morgan W. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIncorporating imperfect detection when estimating species richness has become commonplace in the past decade. However, the question of how imperfect detection of species affects estimates of functional and phylogenetic community structure remains untested. We used long‐term counts of breeding bird species that were detected at least once on islands in a land‐bridge island system, and employed multi‐species occupancy models to assess the effects of imperfect detection of species on estimates of bird diversity and community structure by incorporating species traits and phylogenies. Our results showed that taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity were all underestimated significantly as a result of species’ imperfect detection, with taxonomic diversity showing the greatest bias. The functional and phylogenetic structure calculated from observed communities were both more clustered than those from the detection‐corrected communities due to missed distinct species. The discrepancy between observed and estimated diversity differed according to the measure of biodiversity employed. Our study demonstrates the importance of accounting for species’ imperfect detection in biodiversity studies, especially for functional and phylogenetic community ecology, and when attempting to infer community assembly processes. With datasets that allow for detection‐corrected community structure, we can better estimate diversity and infer the underlying mechanisms that structure community assembly, and thus make reliable management decisions for the conservation of biodiversity.
The clinical outcome of LMNA missense mutations can be associated with the amount of mutated protein in the nuclear envelope
Authors: Al‐Saaidi Rasha A. , Rasmussen Torsten B. , Birkler Rune I.D. , Palmfeldt Johan , Beqqali Abdelaziz , Pinto Yigal M. , Nissen Peter H. , Baandrup Ulrik , Mølgaard Henning , Hey Thomas M. , Eiskjær Hans , Bross Peter , Mogensen Jens 
Published: June 2018

AimsLamin A/C mutations are generally believed to be associated with a severe prognosis. The aim of this study was to investigate disease expression in three affected families carrying different LMNA missense mutations. Furthermore, the potential molecular disease mechanisms of the mutations were investigated in fibroblasts obtained from mutation carriers.Methods and resultsA LMNA‐p.Arg216Cys missense mutation was identified in a large family with 36 mutation carriers. Disease expression was unusual with a late onset and a favourable prognosis. Two smaller families with severe disease expression were shown to carry a LMNA‐p.Arg471Cys and LMNA‐p.Arg471His mutation, respectively. LMNA gene and protein expression was investigated in eight different mutation carriers by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and protein mass spectrometry. The results showed that all mutation carriers incorporated mutated lamin protein into the nuclear envelope. Interestingly, the ratio of mutated to wild‐type protein was only 30:70 in LMNA‐p.Arg216Cys carriers with a favourable prognosis while LMNA‐p.Arg471Cys and LMNA‐p.Arg471His carriers with a more severe outcome expressed significantly more of the mutated protein by a ratio of 50:50.ConclusionThe clinical findings indicated that some LMNA mutations may be associated with a favourable prognosis and a low risk of sudden death. Protein expression studies suggested that a severe outcome was associated with the expression of high amounts of mutated protein. These findings may prove to be helpful in counselling and risk assessment of LMNA families.