bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gene expression profiles of the meniscus avascular phenotype: A guide for meniscus tissue engineering
Authors: Grogan Shawn P. , Duffy Stuart F. , Pauli Chantal , Lotz Martin K. , D'Lima Darryl D. 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTAvascular (Avas) meniscus regeneration remains a challenge, which is partly a consequence of our limited knowledge of the cells that maintain this tissue region. In this study, we utilized microarrays to characterize gene expression profiles of intact human Avas meniscus tissue and of cells following culture expansion. Using these data, we examined various 3D culture conditions to redifferentiate Avas cells toward the tissue phenotype. RNA was isolated from either the tissue directly or following cell isolation and 2 weeks in monolayer culture. RNA was hybridized on human genome arrays. Differentially expressed (DE) genes were identified by ranking analysis. DAVID pathway analysis was performed and visualized using STRING analysis. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) on additional donor menisci (tissues and cells) were used to validate array data. Avas cells cultured in 3D were subjected to qPCR to compare with the array‐generated data. A total of 387 genes were DE based on differentiation state (>3‐fold change; p < 0.01). In Avas‐cultured cells, the upregulated pathways included focal adhesion, ECM‐receptor interaction, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, and PDGF Signaling. In 3D‐cultured Avas cells, TGFβ1 or combinations of TGFβ1 and BMP6 were most effective to promote an Avas tissue phenotype. THBS2 and THBS4 expression levels were identified as a means to denote meniscus cell phenotype status. We identified the key gene expression profiles, new markers and pathways involved in characterizing the Avas meniscus phenotype in the native state and during in vitro dedifferentiation and redifferentiation. These data served to screen 3D conditions to generate meniscus‐like neotissues. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:1947–1958, 2018.
Weakening the tight coupling between geometry and simulation in isogeometric analysis: From sub‐ and super‐geometric analysis to Geometry‐Independent Field approximaTion (GIFT)
Authors: Atroshchenko Elena , Tomar Satyendra , Xu Gang , Bordas Stéphane P.A. 
Published: February 2018

SummaryThis paper presents an approach to generalize the concept of isogeometric analysis by allowing different spaces for the parameterization of the computational domain and for the approximation of the solution field. The method inherits the main advantage of isogeometric analysis, ie, preserves the original exact computer‐aided design geometry (for example, given by nonuniform rational B‐splines), but allows pairing it with an approximation space, which is more suitable/flexible for analysis, for example, T‐splines, LR‐splines, (truncated) hierarchical B‐splines, and PHT‐splines. This generalization offers the advantage of adaptive local refinement without the need to reparameterize the domain, and therefore without weakening the link with the computer‐aided design model. We demonstrate the use of the method with different choices of geometry and field spaces and show that, despite the failure of the standard patch test, the optimum convergence rate is achieved for nonnested spaces.
Older people and their families’ perceptions about their experiences with interprofessional teams
Authors: Dahlke Sherry , Steil Kim , Freund‐Heritage Rosalie , Colborne Marnie , Labonte Susan , Wagg Adrian 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAimTo examine older people and their families’ perceptions about their experiences with interprofessional teams.DesignNaturalistic inquiry using qualitative descriptive methods to provide a comprehensive summary of older people and their families’ experiences with interprofessional teams.MethodsInterviews were conducted with 22 people from 11 families. The families had experiences with teams in a variety of settings, such as community, residential care and hospital. Data were analysed using inductive content analysis. NiVivo was used to record preliminary codes. Analysis included comparing and contrasting families’ experiences.ResultsOlder people and their families wanted communication about what was going on, regardless of whether the news was good, bad or unknown. They also wanted care that took the concerns of the older person into consideration. Communication was a necessary ingredient to ensuring that the older person's unique concerns were known to the interprofessional team. These percepectives were discussed in the themes of communication and patient‐centred care.
Nephrin as a biomarker of sickle cell glomerulopathy in Malawi
Authors: Heimlich J. Brett , Chipoka Godwin , Elsherif Laila , David Emeraghi , Ellis Graham , Kamthunzi Portia , Krysiak Robert , Mafunga Pilirani , Zhou Qingning , Cai Jianwen , Gopal Satish , Key Nigel S. , Ataga Kenneth I. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundGlomerulopathy is an increasingly identified complication in young patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). Hyperfiltration and albuminuria followed by declining glomerular filtration rates and eventual end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) is assumed to be the typical progression of glomerular disease. There are only a few reported biomarkers to identify early‐stage renal disease in SCD.ProceduresWe detail the renal profile of 101 children with SCD in Malawi and propose a novel urinary biomarker for the identification of early renal disease.ResultsAmong children with sickle cell anemia, 24.8% had a urine albumin–creatinine ratio of 30 mg/g or above. In univariate analysis, only patients with higher urinary nephrin, a urinary marker of glomerular injury, had significantly greater odds of having albuminuria. In multivariable analysis, nephrin remained significantly associated with albuminuria. A nephrin–creatinine ratio (NCR) cut‐point of 622 ng/mg, the 50th percentile, was associated with a 45.8 times greater odds of having albuminuria in children with nephrinuria above this value. Further analysis revealed this urinary NCR cut‐point to have 96% sensitivity, 64% specificity, 47% positive predictive value, and 98% negative predictive value for the presence of albuminuria.ConclusionsThese data suggest that a substantial number of children with SCD in Malawi have renal disease and could be at risk for worsening nephropathy and ESRD as they age. Our data suggest that urinary nephrin could be utilized as an early marker of glomerular disease in SCD.
A computational investigation of the sulphuric acid‐catalysed 1,4‐hydrogen transfer in higher Criegee intermediates
Authors: Sarrami Farzaneh , Mackenzie‐Rae Felix A. , Karton Amir 
Published: February 2018

AbstractCriegee intermediates (CIs) are formed during the ozonolysis of unsaturated hydrocarbons in the troposphere. The fate of CIs is of critical importance to tropospheric oxidation chemistry, particularly in the context of radical and secondary organic aerosol formation. Using the high‐level ab initio G4(MP2) method, we investigate the 1,4 hydrogen shift reaction in CIs formed from ozonolysis of two common biogenic hydrocarbons: isoprene and α‐pinene. We consider the uncatalysed reaction, as well as the reaction catalysed by a water molecule and by sulphuric acid. We show that sulphuric acid is a very effective catalyst, leading to a barrierless tautomerization relative to the free reactants and to very low reaction barrier heights relative to the reactant complexes. In particular, we obtain reaction barrier heights of Δ = 24.5 (isoprene CI) and 8.4 (α‐pinene CI) kJ mol−1relative to the reactant complexes. Given the reaction of OH radicals with SO2in the troposphere can ultimately yield sulphuric acid, these findings may have significant consequences for current atmospheric chemical models for regions of high sulphur concentrations.
Molecular Engineering of Photoacoustic Performance by Chalcogenide Variation in Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles for Brain Vascular Imaging
Authors: Liu Jie , Cai Xiaolei , Pan Han‐Chi , Bandla Aishwarya , Chuan Chan Kim , Wang Shaowei , Thakor Nitish , Liao Lun‐De , Liu Bin 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAs conjugated polymer nanoparticles (CPNs) have attracted growing interest as photoacoustic (PA) imaging contrast agents, revelation of the relationship between the molecular structure of conjugated polymers and PA property is highly in demand. Here, three donor–acceptor‐structured conjugated polymer analogs are designed, where only a single heteroatom of acceptor units changes from oxygen to sulfur to selenium, allowing for systematic investigation of the molecular structure–PA property relationship. The absorption and PA spectra of these CPNs can be facilely tuned by changing the heteroatoms of the acceptor units. Moreover, the absorption coefficient, and in turn the PA signal intensity, decreases when the heteroatom changes from oxygen to sulfur to selenium. As these CPNs exhibit weak fluorescence and similar photothermal conversion efficiency (≈70%), their PA intensities are approximately proportional to their absorption coefficients. The in vivo brain vasculature imaging in this study also demonstrates this trend. This study provides a simple but efficient strategy to manipulate the PA properties of CPNs through changing the heteroatom at key positions.
Micro‐ and Macrobioprinting: Current Trends in Tissue Modeling and Organ Fabrication
Authors: Santoro Marco , Navarro Javier , Fisher John P. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe recapitulation of human anatomy and physiology is critical for organ regeneration. Due to this fundamental requirement, bioprinting holds great promise in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine due to the possibility of fabricating complex scaffolds that host cells and biochemical cues in a physiologically relevant fashion. The ever‐growing research in this field has been proceeding along two different, yet complementary, routes: on the one hand, the development of bioprinting to fabricate large tissue surrogates for transplantation purposes in vivo (macrobioprinting), and on the other the spread of bioprinting‐based miniaturized systems to model the tissue microenvironment in vitro (microbioprinting). The latest advances in both macro‐ and microbioprinting are reviewed, emphasizing their impact on specific areas of tissue engineering. Additionally, a critical comparison of macro‐ versus microbioprinting is presented together with advantages and limitations of each approach. Ultimately, findings obtained both at the macro‐ and microscale are expected to provide a deeper insight in tissue biology and offer clinically relevant solutions for organ regeneration.
New records of the late Pliensbachian to early Toarcian (Early Jurassic) gladius‐bearing coleoid cephalopods from the Ya Ha Tinda Lagerstätte, Canada
Authors: Marroquín Selva M. , Martindale Rowan C. , Fuchs Dirk 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe Ya Ha Tinda Lagerstätte from Alberta, Canada, is the first Jurassic marine Konservat‐Lagerstätte from North America and hosts a substantial collection of exceptionally preserved fossil Vampyropoda specimens. Vampyropods are soft‐bodied cephalopods (coleoids) characterized by eight arms and an internalized chitinous shell (gladius). Due to their lack of hard parts, Vampyropoda have a fragmentary fossil record, largely limited to exceptional Lagerstätten deposits. Excavations at Ya Ha Tinda have uncovered 16 vampyropod fossils from Pliensbachian and Toarcian strata, making it the largest deposit of Vampyropoda found outside the Tethys Ocean (Europe and the Middle East) for the Jurassic. Here, we present a taxonomic analysis of the Ya Ha Tinda Vampyropoda specimens and the first comprehensive study of Jurassic vampyropods from North America. In total, 14 specimens have sufficient details preserved on the gladius for taxonomic description. Two specimens are identifiable only to the suborder Loligosepiina (one to the family Geopeltidae), while the remaining specimens are identified to the genus level: six Paraplesioteuthis, three Loligosepia, one Geopeltis, one Parabelopeltis and one Jeletzkyteuthis. The discovery of Loligosepia cf. aalensis within Pliensbachian strata pushes back the earliest occurrence of this taxon from the early Toarcian to the late Pliensbachian. With the exception of Paraplesioteuthis, this is the first time these genera have been found outside of Europe for the Jurassic; therefore, this study significantly expands their palaeogeographical range. Furthermore, with established high‐resolution bio‐ and chemostratigraphy, specimens can be assigned to ammonite zones and placed in the context of the global Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event.
Regulatory and biosynthetic effects of the bkd gene clusters on the production of daptomycin and its analogs A21978C1–3
Authors: Luo Shuai , Chen Xin-Ai , Mao Xu-Ming , Li Yong-Quan 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Daptomycin is a cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic produced by Streptomyces roseosporus in an acidic peptide complex A21978C. In this complex, A21978C1–3 is most abundant and contains branched-chain fatty acyl groups, while daptomycin has a straight decanoic acyl group. The branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase complex (BCDH complex), encoded by bkd gene clusters in Streptomyces, is responsible for the early step of converting branched-chain amino acids into branched-chain fatty acids. In a daptomycin industrial producer S. roseosporus L30, two alleles of bkd gene clusters, bkdA1B1C1/bkdA2B2C2, and a regulatory gene bkdR located upstream of bkdA2B2C2 are identified. We show that BkdR positively regulated bkdA2B2C2 expression and was negatively auto-regulated, but is not directly involved in regulation of daptomycin gene cluster expression. However, BkdR is required for both daptomycin and A21978C1–3 production. Furthermore, deletion of bkdA2B2C2 only led to partial reduction of A21978C1–3 production, while the ΔbkdA1B1C1 mutant shows very weak production of A21978C1–3, and the double bkd mutant has a similar production profile as the single ΔbkdA1B1C1 mutant, suggesting that bkdA1B1C1 gene cluster plays a dominant role in branched-chain fatty acid biosynthesis. So we reveal a unique regulatory function of BkdR and genetic engineered a bkd null strain for daptomycin production with reduced impurities.
Change in retinal structural anatomy during the preclinical stage of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Santos Cláudia Y. , Johnson Lenworth N. , Sinoff Stuart E. , Festa Elena K. , Heindel William C. , Snyder Peter J. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIntroductionWe conducted a 27‐month longitudinal study of mid‐life adults with preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD), using spectral domain optical coherence tomography to compare changes in volume and thickness in all retinal neuronal layers to those of age‐matched healthy control subjects.MethodsFifty‐six older adults (mean age = 65.36 years) with multiple risk factors for AD completed spectral domain optical coherence tomography retinal imaging and cognitive testing at baseline. Twenty‐seven months later, they completed the same examinations and an 18F‐florbetapir positron emission tomography imaging study.ResultsCompared to healthy control subjects, those in the preclinical stage of AD showed a significant decrease in macular retinal nerve fiber layer (mRNFL) volume, over a 27‐month follow‐up interval period, as well as a decrease in outer nuclear layer and inner plexiform layer volumes and thickness in the inferior quadrant. However, only the mRNFL volume was linearly related to neocortical positron emission tomography amyloid standardized uptake value ratio after controlling for any main effects of age (R2 = 0.103; ρ = 0.017). Furthermore, the magnitude of mRNFL volume reduction was significantly correlated with performance on a task of participants' abilities to efficiently integrate visual and auditory speech information (McGurk effect).DiscussionWe observed a decrease in mRNFL, outer nuclear layer, and inner plexiform layer volumes, in preclinical AD relative to controls. Moreover, the largely myelinated axonal loss in the RNFL is related to increased neocortical amyloid‐β accumulation after controlling for age. Volume loss in the RNFL, during the preclinical stage, is not related to performance on measures of episodic memory or problem solving. However, this retinal change does appear to be modestly related to relative decrements in performance on a measure of audiovisual integration efficiency that has been recently advanced as a possible early cognitive marker of mild cognitive impairment.
Elevated medial temporal lobe and pervasive brain tau‐PET signal in normal participants
Authors: Lowe Val J. , Bruinsma Tyler J. , Min Hoon‐Ki , Lundt Emily S. , Fang Ping , Senjem Matthew L. , Boeve Bradley F. , Josephs Keith A. , Pandey Mukesh K. , Murray Melissa E. , Kantarci Kejal , Jones David T. , Schwarz Christopher G. , Knopman David S. , Petersen Ronald C. , Jack Clifford R. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIntroductionMedial temporal lobe (MTL) uptake on tau–positron emission tomography (PET) is seen not only in Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia but also in the aging population. The relationship of these findings to the development of AD dementia needs to be better understood.MethodsTau‐PET with AV‐1451 was performed on 576 cognitively unimpaired (CU) participants aged 50–94 years. The number of CUs with and without abnormal MTL regions and those with or without extra‐MTL abnormalities was determined. Left and right regions were compared within each subject.ResultsOf CUs, 58% (334/576) had abnormal tau‐PET findings. MTL abnormalities were present in 41% (238/576) of subjects.DiscussionMTL tau‐PET signal is often associated with abnormal extra‐MTL tau‐PET signal in CU participants and may represent neurofibrillary tangle development that could identify participants most likely to develop AD dementia. Tau‐PET signal exclusively outside of the MTL is seen in 17% of CU participants and could be the initial findings in participants in different AD dementia pathways. Significant (P < .001) differences in tau–standardized uptake value ratio between sides were noted in 26 of 41 examined brain regions implicating further study of side‐specific deficits.
Cisto Ósseo Aneurismático de Patela: Relato de Caso
Authors: Gomes Alberto Ramos , Campos Felipe Neves , Becker Nadiane Maciel , Tamanini Jan Gabriel 
Published: February 2018

ResumoOs tumores patelares são uma condição rara. Comumente benignos, o tumor de células gigantes e o condroblastoma são os tipos mais frequentes. O tipo menos comum entre os tumores patelares é o cisto ósseo aneurismático, que corresponde a menos de 1% dos casos. Os autores relatam o caso de um paciente do sexo masculino, de 23 anos, com dor e aumento do volume da patela esquerda havia 2 anos. A radiologia sugeriu causas tumorais, e a biópsia foi negativa para neoplasia. A abordagem terapêutica escolhida foi uma patelectomia total, feita sem intercorrências. O acompanhamento com imagens não mostrou recorrência.
Temporal variation of fungal diversity in a mosaic landscape in Germany
Authors: Rudolph S. , Maciá-Vicente J.G. , Lotz-Winter H. , Schleuning M. , Piepenbring M. 
Published: February 2018

This study aims at characterizing the diversity and temporal changes of species richness and composition of fungi in an ecotone of a forest border and a meadow in the Taunus mountain range in Germany. All macroscopically visible, epigeous fungi and vascular plants were sampled monthly
over three years, together with climatic variables like humidity and temperature that influence fungal diversity and composition as shown by previous studies. In this mosaic landscape, a total of 855 fungal species were collected and identified based on morphological features, the majority
of which belonged to Ascomycota (51 %) and Basidiomycota (45 %). Records of fungal species and plant species (218) for this area yielded a fungus to plant species ratio of 4:1, with a plant species accumulation curve that reached saturation. The three years of monitoring,
however, were not sufficient to reveal the total fungal species richness and estimation factors showed that a fungus to plant species ratio of 6:1 may be reached by further sampling efforts. The effect of climatic conditions on fungal species richness differed depending on the taxonomic and
ecological group, with temporal patterns of occurrence of Basidiomycota and mycorrhizal fungi being strongly associated with temperature and humidity, whereas the other fungal groups were only weakly related to abiotic conditions. In conclusion, long-term, monthly surveys over several
years yield a higher diversity of macroscopically visible fungi than standard samplings of fungi in autumn. The association of environmental variables with the occurrence of specific fungal guilds may help to improve estimators of fungal richness in temperate regions.
EFFECTS OF THE 2014 FARM BILL POLICIES ON COTTON PRODUCTION
Authors: DEVADOSS STEPHEN , LUCKSTEAD JEFF 
Published: February 2018

AbstractWe develop a model for a representative risk-averse cotton farmer to analyze the impact of crop insurance policies (Revenue Protection [RP], Yield Protection, Stacked Income Protection Plan [STAX], and Supplemental Coverage Option [SCO]). The model is calibrated and numerically optimized to quantify the effects of different insurance policy combinations on input use (moral hazard), insurance coverage levels, premiums, and certainty equivalent. When the farmer elects only RP, the optimal coverage rate is 80%. Under RP and STAX, the optimal RP coverage rate is 70% and the STAX coverage rate is 90%. RP and STAX is the optimal policy combination based on certainty equivalents. The RP and SCO combination has the lowest impact of input use.
Daily air temperature estimation on glacier surfaces in the Tibetan Plateau using MODIS LST data
Authors: ZHANG HONGBO , ZHANG FAN , ZHANG GUOQING , MA YAOMING , YANG KUN , YE MING 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTThe MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) land surface temperature (LST) data have been widely used for air temperature estimation in mountainous regions where station observations are sparse. However, the performance of MODIS LST in high-elevation glacierized areas remains unclear. This study investigates air temperature estimation in glacierized areas based on ground observations at four glaciers across the Tibetan Plateau. Before being used to estimate the air temperature, MODIS LST data are evaluated at two of the glaciers, which indicates that MODIS night-time LST is more reliable than MODIS daytime LST data. Then, linear models based on each of the individual MODIS LST products from two platforms (Terra and Aqua) and two overpasses (night-time and daytime) are built to estimate daily mean, minimum and maximum air temperatures in glacierized areas. Regional glacier surface (RGS) models (mean /-mean-square differences: 3.3, 3.0 and 4.8°C for daily mean, minimum and maximum air temperatures, respectively) show higher accuracy than local non-glacier surface models (mean root-mean-square differences: 4.2, 4.7 and 5.7°C). In addition, the RGS models based on MODIS night-time LST perform better to estimate daily mean, minimum and maximum air temperatures than using temperature lapse rate derived from local stations.