bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between electrodiagnostic findings and sleep disturbance in carpal tunnel syndrome: A controlled objective and subjective study
Authors: Rubin Guy , Orbach Hagay , Rinott Micha , Rozen Nimrod 
Published: July 2019

Objective This controlled objective and subjective study aimed to evaluate the relationship between insomnia severity and electrodiagnostic findings in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Methods Twenty-one patients with an established clinical and electrodiagnostic diagnosis of CTS before surgery were included. Sleep characteristics were monitored objectively over 4 to 9 nights by means of actigraphy. On the following morning, participants completed a sleep log that conveyed their subjective impressions of how they had slept. All patients also completed the Insomnia Severity Index questionnaire. The correlation of these findings with patients’ motor latency and sensory latency was evaluated using Spearman correlation analysis. Results We found no correlation between sensory or motor latencies and all sleep measures. Conclusion Electrodiagnostic findings and sleep severity in patients with CTS appear to be independent measures, and they do not correlate with each other.
Does Revascularization Prior to Foot and Ankle Surgery Reduce the Incidence of Surgical Site Infection (SSI)?
Authors: Heidari Nima , Charalambous Alexander , Kwok Iris , Vris Alexandros , Li Yueyang 
Published: July 2019

Recommendation: Several studies support the effect of peripheral vascular disease (PVD) on wound healing and surgical site infection (SSI). Despite this, there have been no specific studies proving the beneficial effect of revascularization on SSI prior to operative intervention in the setting of traumatic or elective foot and ankle surgery. The majority of studies on revascularization are in the setting of diabetic foot infection or established ischemia. We recommend that in the presence of an inadequate vascularization in the foot and ankle, vascular optimization should be undertaken prior to elective surgery. Level of Evidence: Limited. Delegate Vote: Agree: 100%, Disagree: 0%, Abstain: 0% (Unanimous, Strongest Consensus)
What Are the Indications for One-Stage Versus Two-Stage Exchange Arthroplasty in Management of the Infected Total Ankle Arthroplasty (TAA)?
Authors: Ellington Kent , Bemenderfer Thomas B. 
Published: July 2019

Recommendation: Two-stage exchange arthroplasty is recommended in the majority of cases following infected TAA. One-stage arthroplasty is only indicated in a limited patient population with acute infection, preoperatively identified low-virulence organisms, and low-risk patient factors. Level of Evidence: Consensus. Delegate Vote: Agree: 92%, Disagree: 8%, Abstain: 0% (Super Majority, Strong Consensus).
What Are the Predictors of Treatment Failure in Patients Who Have Undergone Two-Stage Exchange for Infected Total Ankle Arthroplasty (TAA)?
Authors: McDonald Elizabeth 
Published: July 2019

Recommendation: Predictors for treatment failure in patients undergoing 2-stage exchange for infected total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) include compromised soft tissues (eg, sinus tract and exposed hardware), significant bone involvement/osteomyelitis, and insufficient timing of antibiotic course before reimplantation. Level of Evidence: Moderate. Delegate Vote: Agree: 100%, Disagree: 0%, Abstain: 0% (Unanimous, Strongest Consensus).
Unravelling heart failure nurses’ education: Content comparison of heart failure nurses’ education in three European Society of Cardiology states and the Heart Failure Association heart failure curriculum
Authors: Baldewijns Karolien , Brunner-La Rocca Hans-Peter , de Maesschalck Lieven , Devillé Aleidis , Boyne Josiane 
Published: July 2019

Aims: The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines state that heart failure nurse specialists (heart-failure nurses) with specific competences are essential for a successful heart-failure-management programme. Thus, the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC developed the heart failure nurse curriculum (HFA curriculum). Several ESC member states developed cardiovascular education programmes to enable nurses to deliver high specialist care, but little is known of whether these curricula are in line with the HFA curriculum. Therefore, this paper describes the extent to which cardiovascular education programmes in Belgium, The Netherlands and Germany correspond to the HFA curriculum. Methods and results: A case study approach was adopted to obtain an in-depth understanding of the programme contents in relation to the HFA curriculum. For this purpose, representatives of the educational programmes and/or delegates of the national cardiovascular nursing organization shared their educational curricula. All of the studied cardiovascular education programmes aim to provide heart failure and/or cardiovascular nurses with essential competences for implementation of evidence based and guideline derived care. However, every cardiovascular education programme has a different focus/area of attention. Cardiovascular education in Belgium discusses aspects of all core-learning objectives of the HFA curriculum and emphasizes mostly knowledge aspects of these. Learning objectives in cardiovascular education in The Netherlands focus on chronic diseases in general and on learning objectives concerning patient education, support in self-care and management of device and pharmacological therapy. Cardiovascular education in Germany discusses most learning objectives; however, not all learning objectives receive equal attention. Conclusions: Although local cardiovascular education programmes adopt certain aspects of the HF curriculum, the curriculum as a whole is not adopted.
Gdf15 regulates murine stress erythroid progenitor proliferation and the development of the stress erythropoiesis niche
Authors: Hao Siyang , Xiang Jie , Wu Dai-Chen , Fraser James W. , Ruan Baiye , Cai Jingwei , Patterson Andrew D. , Lai Zhi-Chun , Paulson Robert F. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Anemic stress induces the proliferation of stress erythroid progenitors in the murine spleen that subsequently differentiate to generate erythrocytes to maintain homeostasis. This process relies on the interaction between stress erythroid progenitors and the signals generated in the splenic erythroid niche. In this study, we demonstrate that although growth-differentiation factor 15 (Gdf15) is not required for steady-state erythropoiesis, it plays an essential role in stress erythropoiesis. Gdf15 acts at 2 levels. In the splenic niche, Gdf15−/− mice exhibit defects in the monocyte-derived expansion of the splenic niche, resulting in impaired proliferation of stress erythroid progenitors and production of stress burst forming unit-erythroid cells. Furthermore, Gdf15 signaling maintains the hypoxia-dependent expression of the niche signal, Bmp4, whereas in stress erythroid progenitors, Gdf15 signaling regulates the expression of metabolic enzymes, which contribute to the rapid proliferation of stress erythroid progenitors. Thus, Gdf15 functions as a comprehensive regulator that coordinates the stress erythroid microenvironment with the metabolic status of progenitors to promote stress erythropoiesis.
Opioid Utilization and Perception of Pain Control in Hospitalized Patients: A Cross‐Sectional Study of 11 Sites in 8 Countries
Authors: Burden Marisha , Keniston Angela , Wallace Mary Anderson , Busse Jason W , Casademont Jordi , Chadaga Smitha R , Chandrasekaran Sumitra , Cicardi Marco , Cunningham John M , Filella David , Hoody Daniel , Hilden David , Hsieh Ming‐Ju , Lee Yoon‐Seon , Melley Daniel D , Munoa Anna , Perego Francesca , Shu Chin‐Chung , Sohn Chang Hwan , Spence Jeffrey , Thurman Lindsay , Towns Cindy R , You John , Zocchi Luca , Albert Richard K 
Published: July 2019

BACKGROUNDHospitalized patients are frequently treated with opioids for pain control, and receipt of opioids at hospital discharge may increase the risk of future chronic opioid use.OBJECTIVETo compare inpatient analgesic prescribing patterns and patients' perception of pain control in the United States and non‐US hospitals.DESIGNCross‐sectional observational study.SETTINGFour hospitals in the US and seven in seven other countries.PARTICIPANTSMedical inpatients reporting pain.MEASUREMENTSOpioid analgesics dispensed during the first 24‐36 hours of hospitalization and at discharge; assessments and beliefs about pain.RESULTSWe acquired completed surveys for 981 patients, 503 of 719 patients in the US and 478 of 590 patients in other countries. After adjusting for confounding factors, we found that more US patients were given opioids during their hospitalization compared with patients in other countries, regardless of whether they did or did not report taking opioids prior to admission (92% vs 70% and 71% vs 41%, respectively; P < .05), and similar trends were seen for opioids prescribed at discharge. Patient satisfaction, beliefs, and expectations about pain control differed between patients in the US and other sites.LIMITATIONSLimited number of sites and patients/country.CONCLUSIONSIn the hospitals we sampled, our data suggest that physicians in the US may prescribe opioids more frequently during patients' hospitalizations and at discharge than their colleagues in other countries, and patients have different beliefs and expectations about pain control. Efforts to curb the opioid epidemic likely need to include addressing inpatient analgesic prescribing practices and patients' expectations regarding pain control.
Analisis Metode Pembelajaran Ilmu Nahwu Pada Majelis Taklim al-Amanah Kebon Jeruk Jakarta Barat
Authors: Syarif Fajar 
Published: July 2019

This article will discuss the learning method of Nahwu at Majelis Taklim al Amanah. It shows a method that is applied by KH. Muhammad Zein in Nahwu learning by combining some methods in Nahwu learning. Poligamy that is applied by KH. Muhammad Zein can help students to get the language skill. The writer has chosen this object research at Majelis Taklim al Amanah due to it uses Nahwu as a prime lesson and obligatory material for students, so the Nahwu position is so important and it is intensively learned. For the sources of this research are from collaboration of library research and field research. It uses etnografy method (descriptive qualitative research) which focuses on Nahwu learning process at the Majlis Taklim. Learning with the poligamy system is a role model of learning for other educational institutions, so the learning purpose of Nahwu can be reached.
Penerapan Pembelajaran Shorof Bagi Pembelajar Tingkat Pemula Menggunakan Metode Pemerolehan Bahasa
Authors: Najah Muhajirun 
Published: July 2019

Learning in a simple way is an effort to influence emotional, intellectual and spiritual to learn at their own volition. There are many elements can influence some of these things and become the obligation to the teacher as facilitators in learning, he has to prepare and apply them. Language learning is related to applied linguistics that discusses language acquisition. one of the materials in learning Arabic related to linguistics is shorof. The research aims to find out how shorof learning with language acquisition models. This study uses descriptive qualitative methods, and the conclusions in this study are in the form of various kinds of shorof learning difficulties experienced by teachers and students and need the development of shorof learning with language acquisition models so learning process not become difficult material for students to learn.
Abstrak
Pembelajaran secara sederhana adalah sebuah usaha mempengaruhi emosi, intelektual dan spritual seseorang agar mau belajar dengan kehendaknya sendiri. Terdapat banyak unsur yang dapat mempempengaruhi beberapa hal tersebut dan menjadi kewajiban dari pendidik sebagai fasilitator dalam pembelajaran untuk menyiapkan dan mengaplikasikannya. Pembelajaran bahasa sangat erat kaitannya dengan linguistik terapan yang membahas bagaimana sebuah bahasa tersebut dapat diperoleh. salah satu materi materi dalam pembelajaran bahasa Arab yang erat kaitannya dengan linguistik adalah pemebalajran shorof. Adapun penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pembelajaran shorof dengan model pemerolehan bahasa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif, dan kesimpulan yang didapat dalam penelitian ini berupa berbagai macam kesulitan pembelajaran shorof yang dialami oleh pendidik dan peserta didik, dan diperlukan pengembangan pembelajaran shorof dengan model pemerolehan bahasa sehingga pembelajaran shorof tidak lagi menjadi materi yang susah dikuasai oleh peserta didik.
Kata kunci: Pembelajaran, Bahasa Arab, Shorof, Pemerolehan Bahasa
Manajer Pendidik Profetik dalam Konstruksi Kesalehan Makrifat
Authors: Mulkhan Abdul Munir 
Published: July 2019

Similar to other graduates of the Faculty of Islamic Education and Teaching, those graduated from the Islamic Education Management study program are also educators, prophetic super-leader based on cognizance intelligence (ma’rifat)- which is an empirical form of the sense of God presence when the God Spot – an analysis by Zohar and Marshall- works. Prophetic super-leaders are professional managers encouraging learning motivation and organizing education in more civilized way within national framework. Whereas, the Islamic Education Management learning process is based on the Islamic Education Management Technique and built upon Islamic Education Management Science, that is derived from the Islamic Education Management Philosophy. Meanwhile, this philosophical aspect is rooted on the philosophy of Tarbiya which in fact is an applied Islamic philosophy. Therefore, the Faculty of Islamic Education and Teaching urgently needs to arrange Tarbiya philosophy as vision accomplishment of being “Excellent and Outstanding in Integrating and Developing Islamic Education and Science for Civilization” since the Tarbiya philosophy and its derivation are foundation of the mission implementation of “Developing Education Based on Islamic, Sciencetific, Tehcnological, Art, and Indonesian context.” Without such an independent theory, the practice of Islamic Education will only be a kind of follower instead of leader or superleader. At least, there shuld be an obvious statement that the adopted theory is not against the concept of Ma’rifah in Islam.
Cruzar fronteras em espaços acadêmicos: Transgressing “the limits of translanguaging”
Authors: O’Connor Brendan H. , Mortimer Katherine S. , Bartlett Lesley , de la Piedra María Teresa , Rabelo Gomes Ana Maria , Mangual Figueroa Ariana , Novaro Gabriela , Faulstich Orellana Marjorie , Ullman Char 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Scholarship on translanguaging and related concepts has challenged traditional assumptions about how people use their multiple languages, urging us to move beyond the boundaries of named linguistic codes and toward conceptualizations of multilingual language use as flexible use of a speaker’s whole linguistic repertoire. Critiques of this theoretical shift have included assertions of translanguaging’s conceptual and practical limits—limits to its transformative potential as well as limits to its practical use. This paper takes up, in particular, the question of why we academics may assert the value of translanguaging in schools and communities while still largely failing to move beyond monoglossic English norms in our own academic spaces of professional practice (Jaspers, 2018), especially in the dissemination of research. Acknowledging this hegemony as well as its potential disruption, we present a counterexample of an academic research conference that developed as a trilingual, translingual space unlike most other spaces of research dissemination. In this polyvocal, translingual reflection, we describe and analyze the event from the perspectives of conference organizers, keynote speakers, and attendees. We explore the factors that constituted the transformative nature of the conference’s translanguaging space and offer some preliminary principles of language planning for translingual academic spaces.
“That spelling tho”: A sociolinguistic study of the nonstandard form of though in a corpus of Reddit comments
Authors: Flesch Marie 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTho, the nonstandard spelling of though which was proposed by American spelling reformers in the 19th century, is making a comeback. In 2013, internet memes such as that backflip tho gave a boost to the shortened form. This sociolinguistic study investigates the use of tho in RedditGender, a 19 million-word corpus of comments posted by 1044 Reddit users. First, concordance lines generated from the whole corpus were analyzed in order to compare the use of tho with the meme and the standard spelling. Then, regression analysis was conducted with a sample of the corpus, containing only complete cases. Results show that tho is rarely used in the meme construction that contributed to popularize it, and that it appears more often as an adverb than as a conjunction. They also seem to indicate that the use of tho is correlated with gender and race. Most frequent users are black males. This suggests that the shortened spelling is not simply a way to save time when typing, and that it is not semantically equivalent to though. It seems to be a marker of affiliation with a social group and of familiarity with internet subcultures.
The Inflation Technique for Causal Inference with Latent Variables
Authors: Wolfe Elie , Spekkens Robert W. , Fritz Tobias 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The problem of causal inference is to determine if a given probability distribution on observed variables is compatible with some causal structure. The difficult case is when the causal structure includes latent variables. We here introduce the inflation technique for tackling this problem. An inflation of a causal structure is a new causal structure that can contain multiple copies of each of the original variables, but where the ancestry of each copy mirrors that of the original. To every distribution of the observed variables that is compatible with the original causal structure, we assign a family of marginal distributions on certain subsets of the copies that are compatible with the inflated causal structure. It follows that compatibility constraints for the inflation can be translated into compatibility constraints for the original causal structure. Even if the constraints at the level of inflation are weak, such as observable statistical independences implied by disjoint causal ancestry, the translated constraints can be strong. We apply this method to derive new inequalities whose violation by a distribution witnesses that distribution’s incompatibility with the causal structure (of which Bell inequalities and Pearl’s instrumental inequality are prominent examples). We describe an algorithm for deriving all such inequalities for the original causal structure that follow from ancestral independences in the inflation. For three observed binary variables with pairwise common causes, it yields inequalities that are stronger in at least some aspects than those obtainable by existing methods. We also describe an algorithm that derives a weaker set of inequalities but is more efficient. Finally, we discuss which inflations are such that the inequalities one obtains from them remain valid even for quantum (and post-quantum) generalizations of the notion of a causal model.
Two closed novel formulas for the generalized inverse A

T,S

(2) of a complex matrix with given rank
Authors: Sheng Xingping 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In this paper, two novel closed formulas for the generalized inverse

A

T
,
S

(
2
)

{A_{T,S}^{(2)}}

of a complex matrix A are established based on the expression

A

T
,
S

(
2
)

=

G
⁢

(

A
⁢
G

)

g

=

(

G
⁢
A

)

g

⁢
G

{A_{T,S}^{(2)}=G(AG)_{g}=(GA)_{g}G}

, according to the matrix G with given different ranks, where G is a matrix such that

R
⁢

(
G
)

=
T

{R(G)=T}

and

N
⁢

(
G
)

=
S

{N(G)=S}

.
The two formula express each component of

A

T
,
S

(
2
)

{A_{T,S}^{(2)}}

as a
rational function of the components of the matrices A and G, the efficiency of which is shown by some numerical examples.
Endocrine manifestations of PHACE syndrome
Authors: Bongsebandhu-phubhakdi Chansuda , Tempark Therdpong , Supornsilpchai Vichit 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
PHACE syndrome is an uncommon disorder of posterior fossa anomalies, cervicofacial infantile hemangiomas, arterial anomalies, cardiac defects, eye anomalies, and midline/ventral defects. Endocrine abnormalities including hypopituitarism and ectopic thyroid were rarely described. In this article we review occurrence, onset, presenting symptoms, hormonal treatments and outcomes of all endocrine abnormalities in PHACE syndrome. Eleven of 20 (55%) had hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction and 10 of 20 (50%) had thyroid dysgenesis. A thorough understanding of the endocrine manifestations is important for clinicians to early identify endocrine involvement in PHACE and develop plans for monitoring and treatment of its complications.
Formalisation sémiotique de la traduction : Le modèle transformationnel d’Alexandre Ljudskanov
Authors: Kristeva Irena 
Published: July 2019

Résumé
Cet article examine la formalisation sémiotique de la traduction, proposée par Alexandre Ljudskanov, à travers la confrontation de son modèle avec celui de l’École de Leipzig. Alors que les allemands Kade et Neubert ne quittent pas le champ de la Translationslinguistik, le traductologue bulgare s’applique à mettre en œuvre une sémiotique du processus traductif. En partant de la prémisse que toute information n’existe que sous forme de code, il définit la traduction comme un échange communicatif entre deux systèmes sémiotiques, qui demande forcément une médiation sémiotique de nature cognitive. Le modèle de Ljudskanov implique le décodage et l’encodage. Ces deux phases supposent la transformation des signes d’un code à l’autre de sorte à préserver l’information portée par le message. L’information invariante est transmise par des équivalents fonctionnels dont la pertinence et le principe de fonctionnement seront illustrés par des exemples de proverbes, d’aphorismes, d’expressions idiomatiques et leur traduction en plusieurs langues.
Constrained interest rates and changing dynamics at the zero lower bound
Authors: Bäurle Gregor , Kaufmann Daniel , Kaufmann Sylvia , Strachan Rodney 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The interaction of macroeconomic variables may change as nominal short-term interest rates approach zero. In this paper, we propose to capture these changing dynamics with a state-switching parameter model which explicitly takes into account that the interest rate might be constrained near the zero lower bound by using a Tobit model. The probability of state transitions is affected by the lagged level of the interest rate. The endogenous specification of the state indicator permits dynamic conditional forecasts of the state and the system variables. We use Bayesian methods to estimate the model and to derive the forecast densities. In an application to Swiss data, we evaluate state-dependent impulse-responses to a risk premium shock identified with sign-restrictions. We provide an estimate of the latent rate, i.e. the rate lower than the constraint on the interest rate level which would be state- and model-consistent. Additionally, we discuss scenario-based forecasts and evaluate the probability of exiting the ZLB region. In terms of log predictive scores and the Bayesian information criterion, the model outperforms a model substituting switching with stochastic volatility and another including intercept switching only combined with stochastic volatility.