bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sodium orthovanadate overcomes sorafenib resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by inhibiting Na+/K+-ATPase activity and hypoxia-inducible pathways
Authors: Jiang Wenjing , Li Guangxin , Li Weidong , Wang Ping , Xiu Peng , Jiang Xian , Liu Bing , Sun Xueying , Jiang Hongchi 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe resistance to sorafenib highly affects its clinical benefits for treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Sodium orthovanadate (SOV) is a phosphate analog that displays anti-cancer activities against various types of malignancies including HCC. The present study has demonstrated that SOV is able to overcome sorafenib resistance and strengthens sorafenib in suppressing sorafenib-resistant HCC cells in vitro and in animal models. Similar to its action on parental HCC cells, SOV induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phases by regulating cyclin B1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 1, and apoptosis by reducing mitochondrial membrane potential, in sorafenib-resistant HCC cells. More importantly, SOV inhibited ATPase activity, which was significantly elevated in sorafenib-resistant HCC cells. SOV also reduced the expression of HIF-1α and HIF-2α and their nuclear translocation, resulting in downregulation of their downstream factors including vascular endothelial growth factor, lactate dehydrogenase-A and glucose transporter 1. Its ability to inhibit ATPase activity and hypoxia-inducible pathways enabled SOV to efficiently suppress both normoxic and hypoxic cells, which compose cancer cell populations inside sorafenib-resistant HCC tumors. The present results indicate that SOV may be a potent candidate drug for overcoming the resistance to sorafenib in treating HCC.
Neuroprotective effects of Magnoliae Flos extract in mouse hippocampal neuronal cells
Authors: Jung Youn Sik , Weon Jin Bae , Yang Woo Seung , Ryu Gahee , Ma Choong Je 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMagnoliae Flos (MF) is a traditional medicinal herb used for managing rhinitis, sinusitis and headache. The purpose of the present study was to determine the neuroprotective effect of MF against glutamate-induced oxidative stress and to assess the underlying mechanism. Glutamate is a major endogenous excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain and contributes to the development of neurodegenerative diseases by excessive activation. MF extract was subjected to a neuroprotective effect assay in HT22 mouse hippocampal cells. The mechanism underlying the neuroprotective effect of MF extract was evaluated by assaying reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, intracellular Ca2+ levels, mitochondrial membrane potential, glutathione level and antioxidant enzyme activity in HT22 cells. MF extract significantly decreased glutamate-induced death of HT22 cells (80.83 ± 7.34% relative neuroprotection). MF extract reduced the intracellular ROS and Ca2+ levels and increased the glutathione level and glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxide activities. Moreover, MF extract attenuated the mitochondrial membrane potential in HT22 cells. These results suggested that MF extract exerts a neuroprotective effect against oxidative stress HT22 cells, which was mediated by its antioxidant activity.
Efficacy of commercial vaccines against newly emerging avian influenza H5N8 virus in Egypt
Authors: Kandeil Ahmed , Sabir Jamal S. M. , Abdelaal Ahmed , Mattar Ehab H. , El-Taweel Ahmed N. , Sabir Mumdooh J. , Khalil Ahmed Aly , Webby Richard , Kayali Ghazi , Ali Mohamed A. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe newly emerging, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N8 virus of clade 2.3.4.4 was recently detected in wild birds and domestic poultry in Egypt in the 2016/2017 winter season. Vaccination based on commercial H5 vaccines is used as an essential control strategy in Egyptian poultry. Here, we studied the efficacy of the eight most common commercial H5 poultry vaccines in the Egyptian market and compared them with an experimental vaccine based on the Egyptian LPAI H5N8 virus that was prepared by using reverse genetics. The experimental vaccine and Re-5 commercial vaccine were able to completely protect chickens and significantly reduce virus shedding. Our results indicate that most of the commercial poultry H5 vaccines used in the present study were ineffective because the seed viruses in these vaccines are genetically distinct from the H5N8 viruses currently circulating in Egypt. Although some of the commercial vaccines protected chickens from mortality, they failed to prevent chickens from shedding the virus. Accordingly, we recommend updating and reinforcing the H5N8 prevention and control strategies in Egypt. The vaccination strategy should be reconsidered based on currently circulating viruses.
Granzyme B is elevated in autoimmune blistering diseases and cleaves key anchoring proteins of the dermal-epidermal junction
Authors: Russo Valerio , Klein Theo , Lim Darielle J. , Solis Nestor , Machado Yoan , Hiroyasu Sho , Nabai Layla , Shen Yue , Zeglinski Matthew R. , Zhao Hongyan , Oram Cameron P. , Lennox Peter A. , Van Laeken Nancy , Carr Nick J. , Crawford Richard I. , Franzke Claus-Werner , Overall Christopher M. , Granville David J. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn healthy skin, epidermis and dermis are anchored together at the dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ), a specialized basement membrane pivotal for skin integrity and function. However, increased inflammation in the DEJ is associated with the disruption and separation of this junction and sub-epidermal blistering. Granzyme B (GzmB) is a serine protease secreted by immune cells. Dysregulated inflammation may lead to increased GzmB accumulation and proteolysis in the extracellular milieu. Although elevated GzmB is observed at the level of the DEJ in inflammatory and blistering skin conditions, the present study is the first to explore GzmB in the context of DEJ degradation in autoimmune sub-epidermal blistering. In the present study, GzmB induced separation of the DEJ in healthy human skin. Subsequently, α6/β4 integrin, collagen VII, and collagen XVII were identified as extracellular substrates for GzmB through western blot, and specific cleavage sites were identified by mass spectrometry. In human bullous pemphigoid, dermatitis herpetiformis, and epidermolysis bullosa acquisita, GzmB was elevated at the DEJ when compared to healthy samples, while α6/β4 integrin, collagen VII, and collagen XVII were reduced or absent in the area of blistering. In summary, our results suggest that regardless of the initial causation of sub-epidermal blistering, GzmB activity is a common final pathway that could be amenable to a single targeted treatment approach.
Return to Work und Stay at Work – Die Frage nach einem gelingenden betrieblichen Eingliederungsmanagement
Authors: Ohlbrecht Heike , Detka Carsten , Kuczyk Susanne , Lange Bianca 
Published: June 2018

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Im Mittelpunkt der Studie steht die Frage danach, wie die Ausgestaltung des betrieblichen Eingliederungsmanagements (BEM), insbesondere in kleineren und mittleren Unternehmen (KMU), optimiert werden kann und wie bisherige Erfahrungen mit dem BEM zur Entwicklung früher ansetzender präventiver Maßnahmen zur Sicherung der Beschäftigungsfähigkeit genutzt werden können.
Methodik Die Studie folgt einem multiperspektivischen, qualitativen Forschungsdesign. Im Fokus stand dabei die Erhebung von 40 retrospektiven Interviews mit Arbeitnehmenden, die unterschiedliche Varianten des BEM durchlaufen haben. Zudem wurden betriebliche sowie überbetriebliche Akteure durch Expertenbefragungen in den Blick genommen. Die Auswertung der Interviews folgte der Heuristik der Fallrekonstruktion und der Forschungsstrategie der Grounded Theory.
Ergebnisse Es lassen sich verschiedene Einflussfaktoren für die Ausgestaltung eines betrieblichen Eingliederungsmanagements identifizieren – die biografisch verankerten Haltungen der Arbeitgebenden und Arbeitnehmenden, die Unternehmenskultur sowie (betriebsspezifische) strukturelle Faktoren, die zu Gelingensbedingungen und Hemmfaktoren für BEM-Prozesse in KMU werden können. Ebenso zeigen sich Dilemmata, die BEM-Prozesse behindern können. BEM-Prozesse können auch Wirkungen entfalten, die über die BEM-Ziele im engeren Sinne hinausgehen.
Schlussfolgerung Gelingen können die Wiedereingliederung und der Erhalt der Beschäftigungsfähigkeit der Arbeitnehmenden v. a. dann, wenn eine auf Vertrauen beruhende Betriebskultur der Achtsamkeit, Wertschätzung und Offenheit besteht. Dies hängt insbesondere von den Haltungen aller Beteiligten ab. Doch auch in einer solchen Betriebskultur haben Dilemmata und Konfliktpotenziale einen Einfluss auf das Gelingen des BEM-Prozesses. Jedes Unternehmen benötigt zudem interne und/oder externe Akteure, die über ausreichend Wissen und Kompetenzen zur Durchführung eines BEMs verfügen.
High-intensity Interval Training in Different Exercise Modes: Lessons from Time to Exhaustion
Authors: Sousa Ana , Fernandes Ricardo , Boas Joao , Figueiredo Pedro 
Published: June 2018

AbstractTo provide information for high-intensity interval training (HIIT) load, we compared the temporal variables of VO2 response at, and after, a time sustained at the exercise intensity corresponding to VO2max (Tlim) in different exercise modes. Forty-five trained male swimmers (11), rowers (13), runners (10) and cyclists (11) completed an incremental protocol to determine the velocity (vVO2max) or power (wVO2max) at VO2max and a square wave exercise from rest to 100% of vVO2max/wVO2max. The temporal variables of VO2 response were examined using a breath-by-breath gas analyzer. VO2 responses were not different between exercise modes, except for the percentage of VO2max at 50% of Tlim, which was ~6% higher in rowing compared to cycling (97.70±2.90 vs 92.40±5.69%, p=0.013). During the recovery period, both swimmers and rowers evidenced higher percentages of VO2max compared to cyclists at 30 s (65.1±10.4 and 65.7±5.6 vs 52.7±5.6%) and 60 s (41.7±10.8 and 38.4±5.4 vs 30.4±1.8%) time periods, all for p<0.01. Furthermore, swimmers presented higher time values to reach 50% VO2max compared to runners and cyclists (51.1±15.6 vs 38.1±6.7 and 33.8±4.7%; p<0.001). When training at 100% of VO2max intensity, fixed intervals for HIIT could be set freely. However, recovery periods based on time or intensity are exercise-mode dependent.
The Effect of Increasing Jump Steps on Stance Leg Joint Kinetics in Bounding
Authors: Kariyama Yasushi , Hobara Hiroaki , Zushi Koji 
Published: June 2018

AbstractJump distance per step in bounding exercises from the standing position increases with increasing number of steps. We examined the hypothesis that the joint kinetic variables of the stance leg would also increase accordingly. Eleven male athletes (sprinters and jumpers) performed bounding exercise, starting from the double-leg standing posture, and covered the longest distance possible by performing a series of seven forward alternating single-leg jumps. Kinematic and kinetic data were calculated using the data by a motion capture system and force platforms. Hip extension joint work were decreased at third step (1st: 1.07±0.22, 3rd: 0.45±0.15, 5th: 0.47±0.14 J•kg−1; partial η2: 0.86), and hip abduction joint power were increased (1st: 7.53±3.29, 3rd: 13.50±4.44, 5th: 21.37±9.93 W•kg−1; partial η2: 0.58); the knee extension joint power were increased until the third step (1st: 14.43±4.94, 3rd: 17.13±3.59, 5th: 14.28±2.86 W•kg−1; partial η2: 0.29), and ankle plantar flexion joint power increased (1st: 34.14±5.33, 3rd: 37.46±4.45, 5th: 40.11±5.66 W•kg−1; partial η2: 0.53). These results contrast with our hypothesis, and indicate that increasing the jump distance during bounding exercises is not necessarily accompanied by increases in joint kinetics of stance leg. Moreover, changes in joint kinetics vary at different joints and anatomical axes.
Safety and Toxicology of Magnolol and Honokiol
Authors: Sarrica Andrea , Kirika Natalja , Romeo Margherita , Salmona Mario , Diomede Luisa 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Magnolia officinalis and Magnolia obovata bark extracts have been used for thousands of years in Chinese and Japanese traditional medicines and are still widely employed as herbal preparations for their sedative, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibiotic, and antispastic effects. Neolignans, particularly magnolol and honokiol, are the main substances responsible for the beneficial properties of the magnolia bark extract (MBE). The content of magnolol and honokiol in MBE depends on different factors, including the Magnolia plant species, the area of origin, the part of the plant employed, and the method used to prepare the extract. The biological and pharmacological activities of magnolol and honokiol have been extensively investigated. Here we review the safety and toxicological properties of magnolol and honokiol as pure substances or as components of concentrated MBE, including the potential side-effects in humans after oral intake. In vitro and in vivo genotoxicity studies indicated that concentrated MBE has no mutagenic and genotoxic potential, while a subchronic study performed according to OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) guidelines established a no adverse effect level for concentrated MBE > 240 mg/kg b.w/d. Similar to other dietary polyphenols, magnolol and honokiol are subject to glucuronidation, and despite a relatively quick clearance, an interaction with pharmaceutical active principles or other herbal constituents cannot be excluded. However, intervention trials employing concentrated MBE for up to 1 y did not report adverse effects. In conclusion, over the recent years different food safety authorities evaluated magnolol and honokiol and considered them safe.
Transition-Metal-Free Enantioselective Reactions of Organo­magnesium Reagents Mediated by Chiral Ligands
Authors: Boussonnière Anne , Castanet Anne-Sophie , Guyon Hélène 
Published: June 2018

Organomagnesium reagents are among the most important reagents in organic chemistry because of their great utility in forming carbon–carbon bonds. Although most enantioselective reactions using these organometallics involve transmetalation, the past decade has witnessed impressive advances in direct chiral-ligand-mediated reactions of organomagnesiums­. This short review presents an overview of these achievements in enantioselective nucleophilic additions and substitutions.1	Introduction2	Enantioselective Nucleophilic Additions2.1	Addition to C=O Bonds2.2	Addition to C=N Bonds2.3	Addition to C=C Bonds3	Enantioselective Substitution Reactions3.1	Sulfoxide–Magnesium Exchange3.2	Desymmetrization via Anhydride Opening3.3	Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation (AAA)4	Conclusion
6 and 14 Hz Positive Spikes on Scalp Electroencephalogram
Authors: Sanariya Kalpesh , Garg Arun , More Aniruddha , Bansal Atma 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBenign epileptiform variants (BEVs) are often noted in routine electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring and are sometimes misinterpreted as epileptiform discharges. Six and 14 Hz positive spikes are one of such BEVs seen especially in children. However, these variants can also be seen in intensive care unit EEG recordings. Here, we have reviewed the history and electrical details of these 6 and 14 Hz variants with their clinical significance.
Febrile Neutropenia following Parvovirus B19 Infection and Cross Anti-Kell Reaction to E. Coli in Pregnancy
Authors: Brandão Pedro , Freixo Marília , Soares Elisa , Estevinho Catarina , Carvalho Ana Sofia Portela , Melo Anabela 
Published: June 2018

AbstractParvovirus B19 has tropism for red line blood cells, causing immune hydrops during pregnancy. A positive anti-Kell Coombs reaction usually happens during pregnancy when there is production of antibodies that target Kell antigens, but cross reactions to other antigens may occur. A 24-year-old Gypsy primigravida, 0 Rhesus positive, presented with persistent isolated hyperthermia for 2 weeks and a positive indirect Coombs test result with anti-Kell antibodies at routine tests. She had a 19-week live fetus. The blood tests revealed bicytopenia with iron deficiency anemia, leucopoenia with neutropenia, and elevated C-reactive protein. She was medicated with imipenem, and had a slow clinical recovery. Blood, urine and sputum samples were taken to perform cultures and to exclude other systemic infections. Escherichia coli was isolated in the urine, which most probably caused a transient cross anti-Kell reaction. Haemophilus influenza in the sputum and seroconversion to parvovirus B19 was confirmed, causing unusual deficits in the white cells, culminating in febrile neutropenia. Despite the patient's lack of compliance to the medical care, both maternal and fetal/neonatal outcomes were good. This a rare case report of 2 rare phenomena, a cross anti-Kell reaction to E. coli and parvovirus B19 infection with tropism for white cells causing febrile neutropenia, both events occurring simultaneously during pregnancy.
Design and Testing of a Smartphone Application for Real-Time Self-Tracking Diabetes Self-Management Behaviors
Authors: Groat Danielle , Soni Hiral , Grando Maria , Thompson Bithika , Kaufman David , Cook Curtiss 
Published: June 2018

Background Type 1 diabetes (T1D) care requires multiple daily self-management behaviors (SMBs). Preliminary studies on SMBs rely mainly on self-reported survey and interview data. There is little information on adult T1D SMBs, along with corresponding compensation techniques (CTs), gathered in real-time.
Objective The article aims to use a patient-centered approach to design iDECIDE, a smartphone application that gathers daily diabetes SMBs and CTs related to meal and alcohol intake and exercise in real-time, and contrast patients' actual behaviors against those self-reported with the app.
Methods Two usability studies were used to improve iDECIDE's functionality. These were followed by a 30-day pilot test of the redesigned app. A survey designed to capture diabetes SMBs and CTs was administered prior to the 30-day pilot test. Survey results were compared against iDECIDE logs.
Results Usability studies revealed that participants desired advanced features for self-tracking meals and alcohol intake. Thirteen participants recorded over 1,200 CTs for carbohydrates during the 30-day study. Participants also recorded 76 alcohol and 166 exercise CTs. Comparisons of survey responses and iDECIDE logs showed mean% (standard deviation) concordance of 77% (25) for SMBs related to meals, where concordance of 100% indicates a perfect match. There was low concordance of 35% (35) and 46% (41) for alcohol and exercise events, respectively.
Conclusion The high variability found in SMBs and CTs highlights the need for real-time diabetes self-tracking mechanisms to better understand SMBs and CTs. Future work will use the developed app to collect SMBs and CTs and identify patient-specific diabetes adherence barriers that could be addressed with individualized education interventions.
A Systematic Review on Promoting Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-infected Patients Using Mobile Phone Technology
Authors: Quintana Yuri , Gonzalez Martorell Eduardo , Fahy Darren , Safran Charles 
Published: June 2018

Objective Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is paramount to successful long-term suppression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). For poorly adherent patients with HIV, barriers to remaining adherent may be overcome by the implementation of targeted interventions delivered via mobile devices. This systematic review is focused specifically on mobile phone technologies to deliver adherence interventions in HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) populations.
Methods This review (PROSPERO #CRD42017065131) systematically extracted data from published literature from five databases on mobile phone interventions to improve adherence to ART for HIV. The reported studies had been conducted between 2007 and 2017. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane method ranking each criterion as low, high, or unclear risk of bias.
Results Of the 835 articles returned, we identified 26 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), retrospective and prospective cohort trials, or mixed method studies with a comparison group that fit criteria for inclusion. No standard measure of adherence was consistent throughout the examined studies, and assessments by self-report, pill counting, and medication event monitoring system (MEMS) were utilized. The studies reported mixed results, with 17 reporting significant improvements to adherence, 3 reporting improvements without supplying p-values, and 6 reporting no significant change or a reduction in adherence.
Conclusion The mixed nature of the results exemplifies the need for more comprehensive approaches and larger scale trials to confirm results observed in limited cohort sizes. To better retain satisfactory adherence within the HIV population, and especially in low-resource settings, we recommend that future interventions incorporate multiple strategies: mobile-based reminders, social support structures, and personalized content.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Arthrography in Detecting Intra-articular Pathology Associated with Femoroacetabular Impingement
Authors: Carulli Christian , Tonelli Filippo , Melani Tommaso , Pietragalla Michele , De Renzis Alioscia , Caracchini Giuseppe , Innocenti Massimo 
Published: June 2018

Purpose The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA) in the detection of intra-articular lesions of the hip in patients affected by femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) by using arthroscopy as reference standard.
Methods Twenty-nine consecutive hip arthroscopies performed in 24 patients were considered for the study. Patients had a mean age of 38.3 years. Ultrasound-guided 1.5-T MRA was performed with precontrast short tau inversion recovery, T1-weighted and PD coronal, T1-weighted, and T2-weighted axial with 3-mm-thick slice sequences, and postcontrast T1-weighted fat saturation MRA (Fat-SAT) axial, coronal and oblique sagittal, and T1-weighted Vibe 3D coronal sequences with MPR sagittal, axial, and radial reconstructions with 2-mm-thick slice and coronal density protonil (DP) Fat-SAT. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of MRA were evaluated by comparison arthroscopy for the following intra-articular findings: acetabular and femoral chondral lesions, labral degeneration, labral tears, synovitis, ligamentum teres (LT) tears, CAM lesions, pincer lesions, loose bodies, and osteophytes.
Results An absolute per cent agreement (100%) was observed for all the variables in the assessment of CAM lesions. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of MRA were 100, 68.4, 72.7, and 100%, respectively, for acetabular chondral lesions; 100, 50, 47.3, and 100%, respectively, for femoral chondral lesions; 33, 85, 20, and 91.6%, respectively, for labral tears; 95, 71, 91.3, and 83.3%, respectively, for labral degeneration; 100, 88, 57.1, and 100%, respectively, for LT tears; 33.3, 85, 50, and 73.9%, respectively, for pincer lesions; 50, 96, 66.6, and 92.3%, respectively, for intra-articular loose bodies; and 100, 73.9, 50, and 100%, respectively, for osteophytes.
Conclusion MRA may play an important role in detecting intra-articular lesions associated with FAI. This might be helpful for the preoperative planning before hip arthroscopy.
Level of Evidence This is a Level 2, diagnostic accuracy study compared with gold standard.