bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-directed therapy programmes for arm rehabilitation after stroke: a systematic review
Authors: Da-Silva Ruth H , Moore Sarah A , Price Christopher I 
Published: May 2018

Aim: To investigate the effectiveness of self-directed arm interventions in adult stroke survivors. Methods: A systematic review of Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, SCOPUS and IEEE Xplore up to February 2018 was carried out. Studies of stroke arm interventions were included where more than 50% of the time spent in therapy was initiated and carried out by the participant. Quality of the evidence was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Results: A total of 40 studies ( n = 1172 participants) were included (19 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 21 before–after studies). Studies were grouped according to no technology or the main additional technology used (no technology n = 5; interactive gaming n = 6; electrical stimulation n = 11; constraint-induced movement therapy n = 6; robotic and dynamic orthotic devices n = 8; mirror therapy n = 1; telerehabilitation n = 2; wearable devices n = 1). A beneficial effect on arm function was found for self-directed interventions using constraint-induced movement therapy ( n = 105; standardized mean difference (SMD) 0.39, 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.00 to 0.78) and electrical stimulation ( n = 94; SMD 0.50, 95% CI 0.08–0.91). Constraint-induced movement therapy and therapy programmes without technology improved independence in activities of daily living. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated arm function benefit for patients >12 months poststroke ( n = 145; SMD 0.52, 95% CI 0.21–0.82) but not at 0–3, 3–6 or 6–12 months. Conclusion: Self-directed interventions can enhance arm recovery after stroke but the effect varies according to the approach used and timing. There were benefits identified from self-directed delivery of constraint-induced movement therapy, electrical stimulation and therapy programmes that increase practice without using additional technology.
Evaluation of the relationship between loneliness and medication adherence in patients with diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Kusaslan Avci Dilek 
Published: May 2018

Objective The emotional status of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) is important in the course of treatment. The present study aimed to determine the level of loneliness among patients with DM and to evaluate the relationship between the patients’ level of loneliness and medication adherence. Method This cross-sectional study used a semi-structured questionnaire and the University of California, Los Angeles Loneliness Scale to collect data from 325 patients who were diagnosed with DM. Results We found that loneliness scores were significantly elevated in individuals with a low level of education, unmarried individuals, and students. Furthermore, these scores were elevated in patients diagnosed with type 1 DM, patients on insulin therapy, patients diagnosed with diabetic foot syndrome, patients who did not exercise regularly, and patients who reported being disturbed by reminders from their families or spouses to take their medications or they did not feel anything after such reminders. Conclusions Individuals with DM may encounter various problems in their daily lives. Evaluating the emotional status in these individuals, including loneliness and treatment adherence, is important in ensuring that their needs are being met.
Sevoflurane exerts brain-protective effects against sepsis-associated encephalopathy and memory impairment through caspase 3/9 and Bax/Bcl signaling pathway in a rat model of sepsis
Authors: Bedirli Nurdan , Bagriacik Emin Umit , Yilmaz Guldal , Ozkose Zerrin , Kavutçu Mustafa , Cavunt Bayraktar Aslı , Bedirli Abdulkadir 
Published: May 2018

Objective We compared the effects of sevoflurane and isoflurane on systemic inflammation, sepsis-associated encephalopathy, and memory impairment in a rat sepsis model of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced polymicrobial peritonitis. Methods Twenty-four rats were assigned to sham, CLP, CLP + sevoflurane, and CLP + isoflurane groups. At 72 hours after CLP, the rats underwent behavior tests. Serum cytokines were evaluated. Brain tissue samples were collected for determination of glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase; the wet/dry weight ratio; myeloperoxidase (MPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA); apoptotic gene release; and histologic examinations. Results The MPO level, wet/dry weight ratio, and histopathology scores were lower and the Bcl2a1 and Bcl2l2 expressions were upregulated in both the CLP + sevoflurane and CLP + isoflurane groups compared with the CLP group. The interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, MDA, and caspase 3, 8, and 9 levels were lower; the GPX, SOD, Bax, Bcl2, and Bclx levels were higher; and non-associative and aversive memory were improved in the CLP + sevoflurane group compared with the CLP + isoflurane group. Conclusion Sevoflurane decreased apoptosis and oxidative injury and improved memory in this experimental rat model of CLP. Sevoflurane sedation may protect against brain injury and memory impairment in septic patients.
L’approche vidéographique dans la recherche en marketing : Quel protocole méthodologique ?
Authors: Cléret Baptiste , Dehling Aurélie , Leroy Julie , Rokka Joonas , Sohier Alice , Herbert Maud 
Published: May 2018

Résumé Cet article propose un protocole de la méthode vidéographique en recherche marketing. Sa finalité est de contribuer à enrichir la boîte à outils du chercheur en présentant comment la vidéographie académique peut être mise en œuvre et en identifiant les challenges et les opportunités d’une telle démarche. Offrir un guide concret aux chercheurs permet aussi de répondre aux appels pour une plus large diffusion de la méthode au sein de la communauté académique. L’article présente à la fois l’application et l’évaluation de la méthode vidéographique via quatre phases successives : pré-production, production, post-production et diffusion. Ce protocole se fonde sur l’analyse de la genèse des recherches vidéographiques, majoritairement nord-américaines, fertilisée par l’analyse du corpus de productions francophones présentées lors de conférences nationales et internationales. L’objectif est d’apporter une vision élargie et non ethnocentrique qui permet de rendre explicite le processus méthodologique et les divers choix inhérents pour aider au développement de travaux créatifs et innovants.
Comparison of Human Milk Fatty Acid Composition of Women From Cambodia and Australia
Authors: Gao Chang , Liu Ge , Whitfield Kyly C. , Kroeun Hou , Green Timothy J. , Gibson Robert A. , Makrides Maria , Zhou Shao J. 
Published: May 2018

Background: Human milk is a rich source of omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are postulated to be important for brain development. There is a lack of data on the human milk fatty acid composition of Cambodian women compared with data from Western women. Research Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the human milk fatty acid composition of women living in Cambodia and compare it with that of women living in Australia. Method: Human milk samples from Cambodian ( n = 67) and Australian ( n = 200) mothers were collected at 3 to 4 months postpartum. Fatty acid composition was analyzed using capillary gas chromatography followed by Folch extraction with chloroform/methanol (2:1 v/v), and fat content was measured gravimetrically. Result: Compared with Australian participants, human milk from Cambodian participants contained a significantly lower level of total fat (2.90 vs. 3.45 g/dL, p = .028), lower percentages of linoleic acid (9.30% vs. 10.66%, p < .0001) and α-linolenic acid (0.42% vs. 0.95%, p < .0001), but higher percentages of arachidonic acid (0.68% vs. 0.38%, p < .0001) and docosahexaenoic acid (0.40% vs. 0.23%, p < .0001). Conclusion: Differences in human milk fatty acid composition between Cambodian and Australian participants may be explained by differences in the dietary patterns between the two populations.
Dislocation rate increases with bariatric surgery before total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Nickel Brian T , Klement Mitchell R , Penrose Colin , Green Cynthia L , Bolognesi Michael P , Seyler Thorsten M 
Published: May 2018

Introduction: Annually in the USA, 113,000 patients with refractory obesity undergo bariatric surgery (BS), and a subset does so in order to lower body mass index to become a more desirable total hip arthroplasty (THA) candidate. This study aims to evaluate THA risk with and without bariatric surgery. Methods: 12,160 patients were identified in a claim-based review of the entire Medicare database with ICD-9 codes to identify patients in three groups. Patients who underwent BS prior to THA (Group I: 1,545 experimental group) and two control groups that did not undergo BS but had either a body mass index >40 (Group II: 6,918 bariatric control) or <25 (Group III: 3,697 normal weight control). Preoperative demographics/comorbidities and short-term medical (30 day) and long-term surgical (90-day and 2-year) complications were evaluated. Results: Group I had female predominance, youngest age, and highest incidence of: deficiency anaemia, cardiovascular disease, liver disease, diabetes, polysubstance abuse, psychiatric disorders and smoking. At 2 years, Group I had approximately twice the dislocation and revision risk compared to both Groups II and III; Groups I and II had over four times the risk of infection and wound complications compared to Group III. Conclusion: In the Medicare population, these patients continue to have complication rates similar to and sometimes greater than obese patients with no prior bariatric surgery. Greater dislocation risk is possibly due to ligamentous laxity related to decreased collagen/elastin and/or component malposition due to intraoperative visualisation challenges.
Unrecoverable bi-products of drilling titanium alloy and tantalum metal implants: a pilot study
Authors: Skowronek Paweł , Olszewski Paweł , Święszkowski Wojciech , Synder Marek , Sibiński Marcin , Mazek Jacek 
Published: May 2018

Background: Trabecular metal implants with a porous architecture that allows for the incorporation of bone into the implant during healing are gaining popularity in alloplastic revision procedures. The bi-products of drilling titanium alloy (Ti) and tantalum (Ta) implants have not been previously assessed. Methods: Four holes were drilled in each of 2 spatially porous trabecular implants, one Ta and the other Ti alloy (Ti-6Al-7Nb), for this pilot in vitro study. The particles were flushed out with a continuous flow of saline. The particles’ weight and the volume were then measured using a Radwag XA 110/2X (USA) laboratory balance. The total volume of the obtained metal fines was measured by titration using a 10 mm3 measurement system. Results: A cobalt carbide bit was used since the holes could not be made with a standard bone drill. Each Ti and Ta implant lost 1.26 g and 2.48 g of mass, respectively. The volume of free particles recovered after each stage was 280 mm3 and 149 mm3, respectively. Approximately 0.6% of the total implant mass was not recovered after drilling (roughly 2% of the mass of the particles created by drilling), despite the use of 5 µm filters. Conclusions: It is technically difficult to drill holes in Ti and Ta implants using standard surgical tools. The drilling process creates a considerable amount of metal particles, which cannot be recovered despite intensive flushing. This may have an adverse influence on the bio-functionality (survival) of the endoprosthesis and present deleterious systemic consequences.
Canadian Patients’ Preferences in Topical Psoriasis Care: Insights From the PROPEL Surveys
Authors: Vender Ronald , Gooderham Melinda J. , Guenther Lyn C. , Kyritsis Dimitrios , Rao Jaggi , Kowalczyk Alice , Ashkenas John 
Published: May 2018

Background: Patients with psoriasis of all severities employ topical treatment, either alone or in combination. Promoting Patient Engagement at the Leading Edge of Topical Psoriasis Treatment (PROPEL) surveyed Canadian dermatologists and their patients about their attitudes toward topical care. Objectives: To identify gaps between patients and dermatologists regarding the burden of psoriasis, the burden of treatment, and priorities for topical care to Canadian patients with psoriasis. Methods: Two parallel surveys explored patient attitudes toward psoriasis and their experience with topical care, as expressed by patients or as perceived by their dermatologists. A third survey, addressed to patients, included additional questions regarding treatment adherence to current topical treatment regimens. Results: PROPEL dermatologists underestimated the burden associated with psoriatic itch. Otherwise, they were well aligned with patients’ views, including their preference for maintaining topical care of their psoriasis over other treatment modalities, the nature of good psoriasis control, and desirable features of topical medications. Despite holding generally positive views of topical therapy, many patients self-identified as poorly adherent. Conclusions: Long-term adherence to psoriasis topical care remains a challenge. Formulations with improved acceptability might help patients maintain good adherence.
Recurrent and Fixed Neutrophilic Dermatosis Associated With Dasatinib
Authors: Bergman Joel C. , Ly Thai Yen , Keating Margaret-Mary , Hull Peter R. 
Published: May 2018

Background: Dasatinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor indicated for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Skin rashes are common, occurring in about a quarter of patients treated, and are generally mild. The commonest rash is a keratosis pilaris-like eruption. A neutrophilic dermatosis has rarely been reported. Objective: We report a patient whose CML was successfully treated with dasatinib and who several years later developed episodes of a neutrophilic dermatosis recurring at the same sites. Conclusion: This report extends the clinical spectrum of neutrophilic dermatoses to include dasatinib-induced recurrent and fixed erythematous plaques.
Sustainability of an Enhanced Recovery Program for Pancreaticoduodenectomy with Pancreaticogastrostomy
Authors: Williamsson C. , Karlsson T. , Westrin M. , Ansari D. , Andersson R. , Tingstedt B. 
Published: May 2018

Background: Enhanced recovery program for pancreaticoduodenectomy have become standard care. Little is known about adherence rates and sustainability of the program, especially when pancreaticogastrostomy is used in reconstruction. The aim of this study was, therefore, to evaluate adherence rates and continued outcome, after implementation of an enhanced recovery program. Methods: Consecutive patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy at the Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden were followed, after implementation of enhanced recovery program, October 2012. In April 2015, some items in the enhanced recovery program were modified, namely earlier removal of nasogastric tubes and abdominal drain. The patients were analyzed in three groups, the implementation group (control) and two post-implementation groups; intermediate and modified group. Sustainability was assessed according to length of stay and adherence rate. Results: In total, 160 patients were identified. The overall protocol adherence rate increased from 65% to 72%, p = 0.035. While the pre- and intraoperative protocol items were fulfilled to more than >90%, the postoperative were lower, but increasing over time; 48%, 50%, and 58%, p = 0.033. Postoperative complications and hospital length of stay did not change significantly. Conclusion: The positive outcome of an enhanced recovery program for pancreaticoduodenectomy was reasonably well sustained. Compliance with the protocol has increased, but strict adherence remains a challenge, especially with the postoperative items.
The use of functional electrical stimulation to improve upper limb function in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy: A feasibility study
Authors: Garzon Luisa C , Switzer Lauren , Musselman Kristin E , Fehlings Darcy 
Published: May 2018

Background Grasping and manipulating objects are common problems for children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Multichannel-functional electrical stimulation may help facilitate upper limb movements and improve function. Objective To evaluate the feasibility of multichannel-functional electrical stimulation to improve grasp and upper limb function in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy to inform the development of a clinical trial. Methods A prospective pre-/post-test/follow-up (six months) design with three children, aged 6–13 years, was used. Multichannel-functional electrical stimulation (mFES) was applied to the hemiplegic upper limb for up to 48 sessions over 16 weeks. Feasibility indicators included recruitment of participants and adherence rates, safety, and discomfort/pain. Effectiveness was assessed using the grasp domain of the Quality of Upper Extremity Skills Test, and other secondary clinical outcome measures with “success” criteria set a priori. Results Participant recruitment target was not met but adherence was high, and multichannel-functional electrical stimulation was found to be safe and comfortable. Of the three participants, two improved in grasp at post-test, whereas one child’s ability deteriorated. Only one child met success criteria on most outcomes at post-test. Conclusions Feasibility indicators met success criteria, except for participant recruitment. Treatment effectiveness was mixed. A future case comparison investigation with a larger but more selected sample is suggested.
Diabetes Control: Is Vinegar a Promising Candidate to Help Achieve Targets?
Authors: Siddiqui Fahad Javaid , Assam Pryseley Nkouibert , de Souza Nurun Nisa , Sultana Rehena , Dalan Rinkoo , Chan Edwin Shih-Yen 
Published: May 2018

Background. Renewed interest in vinegar as a glucose-lowering agent led to several small trials in the recent past. However, none of the trials could independently provide sufficient evidence. Objectives. Our review aimed to obtain reliable estimates of effects of vinegar on short-term and long-term blood glucose control. Methods. Large bibliographic databases were searched from inception to date of search without language and publication date restrictions. All clinical trials evaluating effect of vinegar on diabetes mellitus patients were eligible. Two authors independently extracted data on fasting and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose, insulin, and HbA1c levels at the various time points. MS Excel, SAS® v9.3, and RevMan v5.3 were used for data analysis. Results. Small significant reduction in mean HbA1c was observed after 8 to 12 weeks of vinegar administration: −0.39% (95% confidence interval = −0.59, −0.18; I2 = 0%). Other long-term outcomes favored vinegar but were not significant. Short-term outcomes showed significantly lower pooled mean difference in glucose levels at 30 minutes in the vinegar group. Readings at 60, 90, and 120 minutes were lower in the vinegar group but not statistically significant. Adverse effects profile also favored the vinegar group. Conclusions. It is worthwhile to carry out carefully planned large trails to determine the efficacy and effectiveness of vinegar as an adjunct treatment modality.
Henna (Lawsonia inermis) as an Inexpensive Method to Prevent Decubitus Ulcers in Critical Care Units: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Hekmatpou Davood , Ahmadian Fatemeh , Eghbali Maryam , Farsaei Shadi 
Published: May 2018

Background. Henna has been used to combat various diseases and pathological conditions of the skin. This study aimed to determine the cooling and protecting effects of henna on prevention of decubitus ulcers in critical care units. Method. This is a randomized clinical trial. It was conducted on 80 patients hospitalized in intensive care units. Patients were randomly allocated into 2 groups of control and intervention (n = 40) by blocking method. For the intervention group, along with the standard prevention cares for decubitus ulcers, henna was applied with 15 cm extent on the patients’ sacrum. Results. At the end of the study, 1 patient in the intervention group (2.7% male) and 6 patients in the control group (14.29% male, 2.85% female) had developed decubitus ulcers; this difference was significant ( P = .001). Conclusion. For every patient at risk of developing decubitus ulcers, application of henna as a preventive measure is recommended.
Unrelated cord blood transplantation in patients with idiopathic refractory severe aplastic anemia: a nationwide phase 2 study
Authors: Peffault de Latour Regis , Chevret Sylvie , Jubert Charlotte , Sirvent Anne , Galambrun Claire , Ruggeri Annalisa , Gandemer Virginie , Cornillon Jérôme , Rialland Fanny , Dalle Jean-Hugues , Forcade Edouard , Bruno Benedicte , Paillard Catherine , Rorlich Pierre S. , Salmon Alexandra , Fürst Sabine , Sicre de Fontbrune Flore , Rubio Marie Therese , Bay Jacques-Olivier , Mohty Mohamad , Larghero Jerome , Gluckman Eliane , Socié Gerard 
Published: May 2018

Key Points
CBT after FLU-CY-ATG-2-Gy TBI with at least 4 × 107 frozen NCs per kilogram leads to satisfactory OS in refractory SAA. CBT is a valuable curative option in young patients with refractory idiopathic SAA and no available matched unrelated donors.
Abnormal plasma clot formation and fibrinolysis reveal bleeding tendency in patients with partial factor XI deficiency
Authors: Gidley Gillian N. , Holle Lori A. , Burthem John , Bolton-Maggs Paula H. B. , Lin Feng-Chang , Wolberg Alisa S. 
Published: May 2018

Key Points
Platelet-poor plasma clotting and fibrinolysis assays detect bleeding tendency in patients with factor XI deficiency. Contact pathway inhibition with corn trypsin inhibitor increases sensitivity of these assays to bleeding tendency.
Homeostatic plasticity in neural development
Authors: Tien Nai-Wen , Kerschensteiner Daniel 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThroughout life, neural circuits change their connectivity, especially during development, when neurons frequently extend and retract dendrites and axons, and form and eliminate synapses. In spite of their changing connectivity, neural circuits maintain relatively constant activity levels. Neural circuits achieve functional stability by homeostatic plasticity, which equipoises intrinsic excitability and synaptic strength, balances network excitation and inhibition, and coordinates changes in circuit connectivity. Here, we review how diverse mechanisms of homeostatic plasticity stabilize activity in developing neural circuits.
Development, functional organization, and evolution of vertebrate axial motor circuits
Authors: D’Elia Kristen P. , Dasen Jeremy S. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractNeuronal control of muscles associated with the central body axis is an ancient and essential function of the nervous systems of most animal species. Throughout the course of vertebrate evolution, motor circuits dedicated to control of axial muscle have undergone significant changes in their roles within the motor system. In most fish species, axial circuits are critical for coordinating muscle activation sequences essential for locomotion and play important roles in postural correction. In tetrapods, axial circuits have evolved unique functions essential to terrestrial life, including maintaining spinal alignment and breathing. Despite the diverse roles of axial neural circuits in motor behaviors, the genetic programs underlying their assembly are poorly understood. In this review, we describe recent studies that have shed light on the development of axial motor circuits and compare and contrast the strategies used to wire these neural networks in aquatic and terrestrial vertebrate species.