bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accuracy of Doppler blood pressure measurement in continuous‐flow left ventricular assist device patients
Authors: Li Song , Beckman Jennifer A. , Welch Nathan G. , Bjelkengren Jason , Masri Sofia Carolina , Minami Elina , Stempien‐Otero April , Levy Wayne C. , O'Brien Kevin D. , Lin Shin , Farris Stephen D. , Cheng Richard K. , Wood Gregory , Koomalsingh Kevin , Kirkpatrick James , McCabe James , Leary Peter J. , Chassagne Fanette , Chivukula Venkat Keshav , Aliseda Alberto , Mahr Claudius 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAimsAccurate blood pressure (BP) measurement in continuous‐flow ventricular assist device (CF‐VAD) patients is imperative to reduce stroke risk. This study assesses the accuracy of the Doppler opening pressure method compared with the gold standard arterial line method in CF‐VAD patients.Methods and resultsIn a longitudinal cohort of HeartMate II and HVAD patients, arterial line BP and simultaneously measured Doppler opening pressure were obtained. Overall correlation, agreement between Doppler opening pressure and arterial line mean vs. systolic pressure, and the effect of arterial pulsatility on the accuracy of Doppler opening pressure were analysed. A total of 1933 pairs of Doppler opening pressure and arterial line pressure readings within 1 min of each other were identified in 154 patients (20% women, mean age 55 ± 15, 50% HeartMate II and 50% HVAD). Doppler opening pressure had good correlation with invasive mean arterial pressure (r = 0.742, P < 0.0001) and more closely approximated mean than systolic BP (mean error 2.4 vs. −8.4 mmHg). Arterial pulsatility did not have a clinically significant effect on the accuracy of the Doppler opening pressure method.ConclusionsDoppler opening pressure should be the standard non‐invasive method of BP measurement in CF‐VAD patients.
Type I interferons provide additive signals for murine regulatory B cell induction by Schistosoma mansoni eggs
Authors: Obieglo Katja , Costain Alice , Webb Lauren M. , Ozir‐Fazalalikhan Arifa , Brown Shelia L. , MacDonald Andrew S. , Smits Hermelijn H. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe helminth Schistosoma mansoni (S. mansoni) induces a network of regulatory immune cells, including interleukin (IL)‐10‐producing regulatory B cells (Bregs). However, the signals required for the development and activation of Bregs are not well characterized. Recent reports suggest that helminths induce type I interferons (IFN‐I), and that IFN‐I drive the development of Bregs in humans. We therefore assessed the role of IFN‐I in the induction of Bregs by S. mansoni. Mice chronically infected with S. mansoni or i.v. injected with S. mansoni soluble egg antigen (SEA) developed a systemic IFN‐I signature. Recombinant IFN‐α enhanced IL‐10 production by Bregs stimulated with S. mansoni SEA in vitro, while not activating Bregs by itself. IFN‐I signaling also supported ex vivo IL‐10 production by SEA‐primed Bregs but was dispensable for activation of S. mansoni egg‐induced Bregs in vivo. These data indicate that although IFN‐I can serve as a coactivator for Breg IL‐10 production, they are unlikely to participate in the development of Bregs in response to S. mansoni eggs.
Effect of Roasting and Grinding on the Processing Characteristics and Organoleptic Properties of Sesame Butter
Authors: Zhang Wenbin , Xu Tao , Yang Ruijin 
Published: May 2019

Sesame butter is widely consumed in Asian and Middle Eastern countries and can also be further processed for oil extraction. Roasting and grinding processes affect both the organoleptic properties and the processing characteristics of the butter. The effects of microwave‐heating and roll‐grinding on the sesame‐milling properties and the paste texture of sesame butter are studied. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and particle size analysis (PSA) are combined to analyze the microstructure and particle size distribution of sesame butter. When both oil leakage and the mouthfeel requirement are concerned, the R3 (milling by a roll crusher at 3 circles) sample is found to be the one with the least oil exuded on the surface (33.49%), which has mean particle size of 25.62 µm and particles larger than 50 µm constituted only 36.13% in the butter. Compared with sesame butter from microwave oven heating, oven roasting samples is likely to produce more flavors, and the flavors are marked with a strong nut‐like aroma. Oven‐roasting could effectively increase the quantity and intensity of volatiles of sesame butter. However, the microwave treatment enhances the sesame lignan content. In addition, the study also investigates how color values (L*, a*, and b*) of sesame butter change with the roasting process.Practical Applications: Sesame butter production processes are mainly handled in a traditional method and the technological operations and parameters are carried out by experienced operators. The main quality problem facing the sesame butter industry is the tendency of the oil to release. It leads to negative effects on consumer acceptability and rancidity. Thus, in order to obtain the product with consumer acceptability on the market, it is necessary to analyze the effect of roasting and grinding on processing characteristics and organoleptic properties of sesame butter.The effects of microwave‐heating and roll‐grinding on the sesame‐milling properties and the paste texture of sesame butter are studied. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and the particle size analysis (PSA) are combined to analyze the microstructure and particle size distribution of sesame butter.
Method Development for Determining the Removal of Metals from the Water Column under Transformation/Dissolution Conditions for Chronic Hazard Classification
Authors: Huntsman Philippa , Beaudoin Robert , Rader Kevin J. , Carbonaro Richard F. , Allen Burton G. , Hudson Michelle , Baken Stijn , Garman Emily , Waeterschoot Hugo 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
An extension of the transformation/dissolution protocol (T/DP) was developed and evaluated as a tool to measure the removal of metals from the water column for chronic aquatic hazard classification. The T/DP extension (T/DP-E) consists of 2 parts: T/DP-E part 1, to measure metal removal from the water column via binding of metals to a substrate and subsequent settling, and T/DP-E part 2, to assess the potential for remobilization of metals following resuspension. The T/DP-E methodology (672-h [28-d] removal period, 1-h resuspension event, and 96-h resettling period) was tested using Cu, Co, and Sr solutions in the presence of a substrate. The metal removal rates varied from rapid removal for Cu to slower rates of removal for Co and Sr. The resuspension event did not trigger any increase in dissolved Cu, Co, or Sr. Additional 96-h experiments were conducted using dissolved Ni, Pb, Zn, and Ag and supported the conclusion that the T/DP-E is sufficiently robust to distinguish removal rates between metals with a wide range of reactivities. The proposed method provides a means to quantify the rate of metal removal from the water column and evaluate remobilization potential in a standardized and reliable way. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:2032–2042. © 2019 SETAC.
Growth and Physiological Responses in Myriophyllum spicatum L. Exposed to Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate
Authors: Liu Yilin , Liu Nian , Zhou Yuhong , Wang Feng , Zhang Yizhe , Wu Zhonghua 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The exogenous organic pollutant linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) is frequently detected in water. Myriophyllum spicatum L., a submerged aquatic plant, is a popular choice for phytoremediation. The present study investigated the growth and physiological responses of M. spicatum to different concentrations of LAS (0, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 10, 50, 100, and 500 mg/L) after 14 and 28 d of treatment. After 14 d, higher LAS doses (50–100 mg/L) significantly reduced the growth of M. spicatum compared with controls. Plants died at 500 mg/L LAS. Chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll contents were markedly increased at higher doses of LAS (10–100 mg/L). Significantly enhanced peroxidase (POD) activity was found at 50 mg/L of LAS, and decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity at 100 mg/L of LAS; other indices showed no significant changes under LAS stress. After 28 d, no significant effect was observed on the growth of plants exposed to LAS doses of 0.1 to 100 mg/L, whereas plants died at 500 mg/L LAS. Compared with controls. SOD activity increased significantly at 0.1 mg/L LAS and maintained the same level as controls at higher concentrations. At all LAS exposures, POD activity was higher than that of controls. Other indices for M. spicatum were not remarkably changed at 28 d. Our results indicate that the oxidative damage to M. spicatum caused by LAS stress after 28 d is clearly less than such damage at 14 d. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:2073–2081. © 2019 SETAC.
Joint resource allocation, 3D placement, and user association in ABS‐supported IoT networks considering adaptive modulation technique
Authors: Azizi Arman , Mokari Nader 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn this paper, a novel method for joint resource allocation, three‐dimensional placement, and user association as a predominant problem in the internet of things (IoTs) networks is proposed. We consider two kinds of channel models for the links between users and aerial base stations (ABSs), namely (a) line of sight (LoS) model and (b) generalized model. In the LoS case, all the ABSs should establish LoS communications path toward IoT users. In the generalized case, the ABSs channels toward the IoT users could be LoS or nonline of sight. We propose four different scenarios, namely interference‐free (IF)‐LoS, IF‐Generalized, interference‐included (II)‐LoS, and II‐Generalized. The IF‐LoS and IF‐Generalized cases consider subcarrier and modulation order as the resources while the II‐LoS and II‐Generalized cases consider transmit power, subcarrier, and modulation order as the resources. Our objective function is minimizing the overall transmit power of the IoT users while satisfying some quality of service constraints in the uplink. To solve the resulting nonconvex optimization problem, we convert the main problem with high complexity into the subproblems with low complexities. We compare the performance of our joint proposed scenario with other joint and disjoint cases for the IF‐LoS, IF‐Generalized, II‐LoS, and II‐Generalized cases. Moreover, we evaluate the performance of the proposed schemes for different numbers of ABSs, environment types, target areas, and numbers of IoT users.
A twofold group key agreement protocol for NoC‐based MPSoCs
Authors: Sharma Gaurav , Kuchta Veronika , Anand Sahu Rajeev , Ellinidou Soultana , Bala Suman , Markowitch Olivier , Dricot Jean‐Michel 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA symmetric group key agreement protocol enables the group members to derive a shared session key for secure communication among them, whereas an asymmetric one facilitates security to any communication from outside, without adding outsiders into the group. In order to combine both the functionalities, a hybrid key agreement protocol is needed, which can output a shared symmetric key for inside communication and an asymmetric key pair for any unrestricted sender. The application mentioned in this paper pushes the need of secure on‐chip communication for intersecure and intrasecure zones simultaneously. In particular, we look forward for a solution to ensure communication security among multiple processing clusters actively running on an integrated circuit. The proposed protocol offers a lightweight symmetric encryption for intrazone communication and a public key encryption for interzone communication taking most advanced security issues into account.
A privacy‐preserving framework for smart context‐aware healthcare applications
Authors: Azad Muhammad Ajmal , Arshad Junaid , Mahmoud Shazia , Salah Khaled , Imran Muhammad 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSmart connected devices are widely used in healthcare to achieve improved well‐being, quality of life, and security of citizens. While improving quality of healthcare, such devices generate data containing sensitive patient information where unauthorized access constitutes breach of privacy leading to catastrophic outcomes for an individual as well as financial loss to the governing body via regulations such as the General Data Protection Regulation. Furthermore, while mobility afforded by smart devices enables ease of monitoring, portability, and pervasive processing, it introduces challenges with respect to scalability, reliability, and context awareness. This paper is focused on privacy preservation within smart context‐aware healthcare emphasizing privacy assurance challenges within Electronic Transfer of Prescription. We present a case for a comprehensive, coherent, and dynamic privacy‐preserving system for smart healthcare to protect sensitive user data. Based on a thorough analysis of existing privacy preservation models, we propose an enhancement to the widely used Salford model to achieve privacy preservation against masquerading and impersonation threats. The proposed model therefore improves privacy assurance for smart healthcare while addressing unique challenges with respect to context‐aware mobility of such applications.
Physical‐layer security for cellular multiuser two‐way relaying networks with single and multiple decode‐and‐forward relays
Authors: Pandey Anshul , Yadav Suneel 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe investigate the secrecy performance of cellular multiuser two‐way relay networks, where the bidirectional information exchange between a multiantenna base station (BS), and several users can be accomplished with the assistance of decode‐and‐forward relay(s) in the presence of a multiantenna passive eavesdropper. We employ low‐complexity antenna selection strategy at the BS coupled with user scheduling for maximizing the end‐to‐end signal‐to‐noise ratios (SNRs). To enhance the wiretap probability, the eavesdropper applies a maximal ratio combining technique to combine the received signals. Under such considerations, in the single‐relay scenario, we deduce the exact closed‐form secrecy outage probability (SOP) expression under Rayleigh fading channels. For more insights into the system secrecy diversity order, we derive the closed‐form asymptotic SOP expressions at high SNR based on the quality of the main and wiretap links. In the multirelay scenario, we formulate an opportunistic relay selection strategy, followed by its impact on the SOP performance in the presence of Rayleigh channels. To show the impact of multiple relays on the secrecy diversity order, we derive the asymptotic SOP expressions in the high SNR regime depending on the quality of the main and wiretap links. It is shown from the asymptotic SOP expressions under both single‐relay and multirelay scenarios that the secrecy diversity order reduces to zero in the high SNR regime, regardless of number of antennas, number of users, and number of relays. Our results also reveal that the SOP performance diminishes with an increased number of eavesdropper antennas. Numerical and simulation results verify our derived analytical findings.
Breeding second‐generation biofortified bean varieties for Africa
Authors: Kimani Paul M. , Warsame AHMED 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMicronutrient malnutrition is one of the most serious health challenges facing vast sectors of Africa's population, particularly resource‐poor women and children. Development and utilization of drought‐tolerant, biofortified varieties is probably the most effective, sustainable, and potentially long‐lasting strategy for reducing micronutrient deficiencies and coping with frequent droughts. Our objective was to develop second‐generation biofortified bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) varieties combining drought tolerance, multiple disease resistance, and higher concentrations of iron and zinc in grain than the first‐generation varieties currently grown by farmers in east, central, and west Africa. Forty‐seven F2 populations segregating for mineral density, resistance to biotic and abiotic stress factors, marketable grain types, and yield potential were developed at Kabete Field Station, and advanced to F4 as population bulks. During the 2010 long rain season, 6,612 F4 single plants were selected and used to establish F4.5 progeny rows during the 2011 short rain season at Kabete. These progenies were evaluated for resistance to angular leaf spot, anthracnose, root rots, and agronomic traits. In 2012, 102 F4.6 lines were evaluated under drought stress and no‐stress conditions at Kabete and Thika. During the 2012 short rain season, selected disease and drought‐tolerant F4.7 lines were evaluated for mineral density and for their agronomic potential at four locations representing major bean production environments. Results showed significant (p < 0.01) variation for mineral density, drought tolerance, disease resistance, growth habit, grain type, and maturity among the populations and their progenies. Iron concentration varied from 30 to 130 ppm. Zinc concentration varied from 10 to 60 ppm. Superior lines were selected from BF01, BF07, BF16, and BF36 populations. Eighty‐four lines had 50% more yield under stress and no‐stress conditions compared with the parental lines, suggesting transgressive segregation. Results indicate that varieties combining high micronutrient density, resistance to diseases and drought, and marketable grain types can be developed from these populations.
A likelihood ratio and Markov chain‐based method to evaluate density forecasting
Authors: Li Yushu , Andersson Jonas 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a likelihood ratio‐based method to evaluate density forecasts, which can jointly evaluate the unconditional forecasted distribution and dependence of the outcomes. Unlike the well‐known Berkowitz test, the proposed method does not require a parametric specification of time dynamics. We compare our method with the method proposed by several other tests and show that our methodology has very high power against both dependence and incorrect forecasting distributions. Moreover, the loss of power, caused by the nonparametric nature of the specification of the dynamics, is shown to be small compared to the Berkowitz test, even when the parametric form of dynamics is correctly specified in the latter method.
Functional properties and adipogenesis inhibitory activity of protein hydrolysates from quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)
Authors: Shi Zhenxing , Hao Yuqiong , Teng Cong , Yao Yang , Ren Guixing 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe functional properties and adipogenesis inhibitory activity of quinoa protein hydrolysates, prepared using papain, pepsin, and pancreatin for 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min, were studied. For these three kinds of proteases, the solubility of the hydrolysates significantly increased with the increasing DH in pH range of 3–8, while the EAI and ESI of these hydrolysates significantly decreased during hydrolysis. The anti‐inflammatory activity of these protein hydrolysates was measured. All of these protein hydrolysates showed high anti‐inflammatory activity. However, there was no significant difference in anti‐inflammatory activity between protein hydrolysates and total protein from quinoa. These protein hydrolysates also inhibited lipid accumulation during differentiation within the range of concentrations of 0–1,600 μg/ml, which exerted no cytotoxicity toward 3T3‐L1 cells. The protein hydrolysates from quinoa prepared using pepsin for 120 min (PEP‐120) had the highest activity with an IC50 value of 786.58 μg/ml. Moreover, LC‐MS/MS analysis of PEP‐120 showed that five main bioactive peptides, which have been demonstrated to have ACE inhibitor, antioxidant, and antithrombotic activities, were present in PEP‐120. In addition, gene expression and Western blot analysis revealed that PEP‐120 suppressed the 3T3‐L1 cell differentiation through the peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ (PPARγ) pathway.
Clarifying the relationships between institutions and global strategy
Authors: Cuervo‐Cazurra Alvaro , Mudambi Ram , Pedersen Torben 
Published: May 2019

AbstractResearch summaryWe review the relationships between institutions and global strategy and explain several clarifications for future research. First, studies need to clarify the standard used to assess quality in institutional dimensions they research rather than let readers assess them from the measures. Second, analyses need to specify the theoretical approach used, which may be based on the paradigm from a single discipline (economics, sociology, politics, psychology) or the integration of underlying disciplines, as often seen in management. This must form the basis of a consistent set of assumptions rather than a potpourri of arguments from incompatible logics. Third, investigations need to clarify the direction of relationship and mechanisms. On the one hand, studies on the impact of institutions on strategy should clarify the institutional influences used (adapt, appeal, avoid). On the other hand, research on the effect of strategy on institutional change should clarify the institutional strategies (inform, influence, incentivize) and institutional spillovers (compete, command, copy) by which firms change institutions.Managerial summaryThe study of institutions (controls of the behavior of individuals and firms) has become a popular topic analyzed in global strategy. Unfortunately, there is some confusion on how institutions affect the global strategy of firms because of differences in the viewpoints used to explain the relationships. We clarify past arguments by explaining the need to identify the standards used to assess quality in institutions, and the assumptions of approaches based on underlying disciplines (economics, sociology, politics, or psychology) as well as those that integrate these disciplines like in management. We also explain the mechanisms by which institutions affect the global strategy of firms (adapt, appeal, avoid), as well as the mechanisms by which global strategies influence the transformation of institutions via institutional strategies (inform, influence, incentivize) and institutional spillovers (compete, command, copy).