bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of early adalimumab serum levels on immunogenicity and long‐term outcome of anti‐TNF naive Crohn's disease patients: the usefulness of rapid testing
Authors: Verstockt Bram , Moors Gitte , Bian Sumin , Van Stappen Thomas , Van Assche Gert , Vermeire Séverine , Gils Ann , Ferrante Marc 
Published: August 2018

SummaryBackgroundProactive testing of adalimumab serum levels is debated.AimTo study the association between adalimumab serum levels at week 4 and the development of anti‐adalimumab drug antibodies and long‐term outcome in anti‐TNF naive Crohn's disease patients.MethodsSerum samples from 116 biologically naive Crohn's disease patients with active disease were prospectively collected at baseline, and weeks 4 and 12. Adalimumab serum levels were measured using the RIDA®QUICK adalimumab lateral flow assay and anti‐adalimumab drug antibodies were determined using a drug‐resistant assay. Pharmacokinetic data were studied in relation to clinical outcome. Patients who stopped adalimumab by week 12 due to persisting symptoms were considered primary non‐responders, whereas initial improvement with increasing symptoms after week 12 was considered loss of response. Adalimumab continuation until the end of follow‐up was considered sustained clinical benefit.ResultsPatients with low serum levels at week 4 (<8.3 μg/mL) were at significantly higher risk of being anti‐adalimumab positive by week 12 (46.7% vs 13.0%, P = 0.009). After a median follow‐up of 89 weeks, dose‐escalation and sustained clinical benefit were observed in 37.1% and 48.3% of patients. The 21.4% of patients who were anti‐adalimumab drug antibody positive by week 12, had a significantly higher need of dose escalation (P < 0.001), and experienced sustained clinical benefit less frequently due to primary non‐response or secondary loss of response (P = 0.02).ConclusionsOur findings support early monitoring of adalimumab serum levels to guide dose optimisation, which may prevent immunogenicity and influence long‐term outcome. We validated a novel lateral flow assay for quantitative determination of adalimumab levels, facilitating physicians to optimise therapy immediately at the outpatient clinic.
Compound Words Reflect Cross‐Culturally Shared Bodily Metaphors
Authors: Holmes Kevin J. , Flusberg Stephen J. , Thibodeau Paul H. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractParts of the body are often embedded in the structure of compound words, such asheartbreakandbrainchild. We explored the relationships between the semantics of compounds and their constituent body parts, asking whether these relationships are largely arbitrary or instead reflect deeper metaphorical mappings shared across languages and cultures. In three studies, we found that U.S. English speakers associated the English translation equivalents of Chinese compounds with their constituent body parts at rates well above chance, even for compounds with highly abstract meanings and even when accounting for the semantic relatedness of the compounds and body parts. English speakers in India and Chinese speakers in Hong Kong showed similar intuitions about these associations. Our results suggest that the structure of compound words can provide insight into cross‐culturally shared ways of connecting meaning to the body.
Individualization process of the standardized care plan in acute care hospitalization units: Study protocol
Authors: Castellà‐Creus Mònica , Delgado‐Hito Pilar , Andrés‐Martínez Isabel , Juvé‐Udina Maria‐Eulàlia 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAimTo understand the individualization process of the standardized care plan (SCP) that nurses design for hospitalized patients.BackgroundTo apply the nursing process, it is advisable to use SCP to standardize the diagnosis, planning and evaluation stages. However, the fundamental element of this methodology is the individualization of the care plan.DesignA qualitative study, framed within the constructivist paradigm and applying the Grounded Theory method, in accordance with Strauss and Corbin's approach.MethodsMulticentre study. Theoretical sampling with maximum variation will be used. The data collection will consist of: in‐depth individual interviews, participant observation, document analysis, focus group, and the questionnaires for Critical Thinking Assessment in relation to clinical practice and Nursing Competency Assessment for hospital nurses. The qualitative data will be analysed according to the constant comparative method of Strauss and Corbin's Grounded Theory, which involves performing open, axial and selective coding. The questionnaire results will be used to make a qualitative analysis that will consist of a triangulation between the level of critical thinking, level of expertise and record of the individualization process performed by the nurses. This protocol was approved in July 2015.DiscussionBy knowing the possible stages used in the individualization of a SCP, together with the elements that facilitate or hinder said individualization and nurses’ attitudes and experiences regarding this phenomenon, it could help direct improvement strategies in the standardization and individualization process. In addition to recommendations for teaching and research.
A cross‐sectional study of show English bulldogs in the United States: evaluating paw lesions, cytological findings, pruritic behaviours and gastrointestinal signs
Authors: Webb Milum Alicia N. , Griffin Craig E. , Blessing Kacie S. 
Published: August 2018

BackgroundEnglish bulldogs (EBDs) are considered to commonly show signs of pododermatitis and gastrointestinal (GI) disease.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo describe a population of presumed healthy EBDs: (i) evaluate dogs according to published criteria for health, (ii) describe paw lesions, if present, (iii) report pruritic behaviours and GI signs and compare to normal values, (iv) report pedal cytological findings, and (v) determine correlation between lesions, cytological results and pruritic behaviours.AnimalsThirty four EBDs participating in a dog show.Methods and materialsDogs were examined, and pedal cytological samples were collected. Pruritic behaviours, GI signs and medical history were assessed. Owners completed questionnaires regarding history and assessed pruritus.ResultsNo dog met criteria for being healthy. All dogs had an abnormal dermatological examination, 22 of 34 had a history of recent drug administration and 16 of 34 had a history of dermatological disease. Every dog had at least one erythematous paw. Compared to values for a healthy dog population, facial rubbing was the only increased pruritic behaviour, and GI signs differed in belching, flatulence and regurgitation. Mean cytological evaluation values were within normal ranges except for inflammation. Lesions did not correlate with cytological findings or pruritic behaviours, with the exception of white coloured exudation with inflammation and cocci.Conclusions and clinical importanceThis study supports that show EBDs have frequent pedal lesions and history of dermatological disease, with over half receiving medication, as well as increased frequency of belching, flatulence and facial rubbing. Pedal cytological findings were not predictive of lesions, with the exception of white coloured exudation.
Optical coherence tomography and molecular analysis of sudden acquired retinal degeneration syndrome (SARDS) eyes suggests the immune‐mediated nature of retinal damage
Authors: Grozdanic Sinisa D. , Lazic Tatjana , Kecova Helga , Mohan Kabhilan , Kuehn Markus H. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo perform detailed analysis of retinal changes in dogs withSARDSusing optical coherence tomography (OCT), funduscopy, and molecular analysis.AnimalsSubjects were 29 dogs from 12USstates and Canada diagnosed withSARDSby 8 ophthalmologists. An additional 7 eyes from 5 deceasedSARDSdogs were used for molecular and histological analysis.ProceduresDogs were evaluated using chromatic pupil light reflex testing (cPLR), and electroretinography (ERG); subjects underwent complete ophthalmic examination, including funduscopy, retinal photography, andOCT, in addition to complete laboratory analysis, blood pressure evaluation, abdominal and thoracic radiographs, and computerized tomography (CT) imaging to assess possible systemic abnormalities. Histology and immunohistochemistry analysis was performed in 2SARDSeyes. Microarray analysis was performed in 5SARDSretinas.ResultsThirty‐eight percent of patients had <1‐mm wide retinal detachments (RD) onOCTanalysis, which could not be detected by funduscopy or retinal photographs. Systemic hypertension did not seem to be a contributing factor (RD22.2%;ND20%, Odds ratio = 1.1). No dogs showed neoplastic changes by thoracic or abdominal radiography, orCTimaging. There was no statistically significant difference in age (RD7.9 ± 1.9 years (mean ±SD);ND7.6 ± 1.7 years,p = 0.69) or duration of blindness prior to presentation (RD18 ± 7 days (mean±SD);ND21 ± 12 days,p = 0.28). Microarray and histology analysis ofSARDSeyes revealed molecular changes suggestive of immune‐mediated damage.ConclusionsObserved histological, molecular, andOCTchanges are highly suggestive of immune‐mediated damage inSARDSeyes.
MicroPulse™transscleral cyclophotocoagulation in the treatment of canine glaucoma: Preliminary results (12 dogs)
Authors: Sebbag Lionel , Allbaugh Rachel A , Strauss Rachel A , Strong Travis D , Wehrman Rita F , Foote Braidee C , Ben‐Shlomo Gil 
Published: August 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the clinical application and effect of MicroPulse™ transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (MP‐TSCPC) in dogs with glaucoma.Animals studiedTwelve dogs with primary (n = 8) or secondary (n = 4) glaucoma, aged 2‐13 years (mean ±SD, 7.2 ± 3.8 years).ProceduresMP‐TSCPCwas performed under sedation or general anesthesia. Laser duty cycle was 31.3%, laser power varied from 2000‐2800mW, and each hemisphere was treated for 90‐180 seconds. The probe was applied to each quadrant in a “sweeping motion,” sparing the 3 and 9 o'clock positions.ResultsThe number ofMP‐TSCPCprocedures per eye varied from 1 to 3 (1.4 ± 0.7). Intraocular pressure (IOP) was controlled (<25 mm Hg) in 11/12 dogs (92%) within 1‐15 days post‐operatively. TheIOPcontrol at 1 month and the duration between repeated procedures were significantly greater in eyes treated with high energy laser (2800mW) compared to 2000‐2500mW. Long‐term follow‐up (315.3 ± 100.7 days) showed controlledIOPin 5/12 (42%) and vision retention in 4/8 (50%) dogs. In unsuccessful cases, loss ofIOPcontrol or vision loss occurred within 3‐245 days (109.1 ± 93.7 days) and 28‐261 days (114 ± 101.6 days), respectively, resulting in a salvage procedure in 6 dogs. Complications were as follows: corneal hypoesthesia (92%), anterior uveitis (67%), post‐operative ocular hypertension (50%), neurotrophic corneal ulcer (25%), keratoconjunctivitis sicca (8%), and rubeosis iridis (8%).ConclusionsMP‐TSCPCis a viable tool for managing canine glaucoma, although further studies are required to improve the long‐term effect and reduce the complication rate.
The use of sulfur hexafluoride microbubbles for contrast‐enhanced ocular ultrasonography of the pecten oculi in birds
Authors: Ferreira Thiago Alegre Coelho , Fornazari Gabrielle , Saldanha André , Lunardeli Bruno , Moore Bret A. , Montiani‐Ferreira Fabiano 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe pecten oculi is a vascular and pigmented structure localized within the posterior segment of all avian eyes. Its primary function is not fully understood yet.ObjectiveAs ultrasonography (US) is a useful imaging modality for evaluation of the pecten oculi, the objective of this study was to investigate the utility of an intravenous contrast solution of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) microbubbles as a means of enhancing visualization of the pecten oculi in normal birds.Animals studiedTen adult individuals of the following avian species were evaluated: 1 roadside hawk (Rupornis magnirostris), 1 stygian owl (Asio stygius), 2 striped owls (Asio clamator), 2 burrowing owls (Athene cunicularia), 2 ring‐necked parakeet (Psittacula krameri), and 2 domestic chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus).Procedure(s)After baseline ocular sonograms were obtained in sedated animals, 4.5 μg/kg of a contrast solution containing SF6 microbubbles was administered intravenously and US of the right eye was immediately performed. US was continued during injection to provide real‐time imaging of the pecten oculi during vascular perfusion of contrast material. Results: Within 2‐3 seconds following intravenous contrast administration, microbubbles reached the pecten oculi of all birds investigated and provided significant ultrasonographic contrast enhancement.ConclusionsSF6 microbubble contrast ultrasonography in birds is a safe and easy procedure that provides increased contrast and enhanced visualization of the pecten oculi. Future use may enable further discovery of its physiologic functions and aid in the development of therapeutic plans for avian intraocular disease.
Brief periods of inactivity reduce leg microvascular, but not macrovascular, function in healthy young men
Authors: Vranish Jennifer R. , Young Benjamin E. , Stephens Brandi Y. , Kaur Jasdeep , Padilla Jaume , Fadel Paul J. 
Published: August 2018

New Findings
What is the central question of this study?
We aimed to examine leg vascular responses to brief periods of inactivity.

What is the main finding and its importance?
We demonstrate that a mere 10 min of sitting is sufficient to impair leg microvascular function (reactive hyperaemia). However, conduit artery vasodilatation (flow‐mediated dilatation) was unaffected, indicating maintained macrovascular function. Interestingly, immobile supine rest also resulted in a reduction in microvascular function alone that was prevented when calf muscle contractions were performed. Collectively, these data highlight the susceptibility of the microcirculation to short periods of inactivity and the beneficial role of skeletal muscle contraction for vascular health.

AbstractProlonged sitting for 1–6 h has been shown to impair leg macrovascular [i.e. reduced flow‐mediated dilatation (FMD)] and microvascular (i.e. reduced reactive hyperaemia) function. These impairments appear to be mediated through reductions in shear stress. Interestingly, a reduction in shear rate has been observed as early as 10 min into sitting. However, it is unknown whether this acute reduction in shear stress is sufficient to affect vascular function. Accordingly, we studied 18 young men and assessed popliteal artery FMD and reactive hyperaemia before (Baseline) and after (PostSit) a 10 min sitting period. Popliteal artery shear rate was significantly reduced during sitting (Baseline, 62 ± 35 s−1; 10 min sitting, 27 ± 13 s−1; P < 0.001). Macrovascular function was unaffected by 10 min of sitting (Baseline, 4.4 ± 2.1%; PostSit, 4.3 ± 2.3%; P = 0.97), but microvascular function was reduced (Baseline, 4852 ± 2261 a.u.; PostSit, 3522 ± 1872 a.u.; P = 0.02). In a subset of individuals, we extended the recovery period after sitting and demonstrated that resting shear rate and reactive hyperaemia responses remained low up to 1 h post‐sitting (P < 0.001), whereas FMD was unchanged throughout (P = 0.99). Additionally, time control experiments were performed with participants in an immobile supine position, which demonstrated no change in macrovascular function (P = 0.94) but, unexpectedly, a reduction in microvascular function (P = 0.008). Importantly, when calf muscle contractions were performed during supine rest, reactive hyperaemia responses were maintained (P = 0.76), along with FMD (P = 0.88). These findings suggest that the leg microcirculation might be more vulnerable to short periods of inactivity, whereas conduit artery vasodilatation appears well maintained. Moreover, intermittent skeletal muscle contractions are beneficial for microvascular function.
Quantum mechanics on (anti)-de Sitter background II: Ramsauer–Townsend effect and WKB method
Authors: Chung Won Sang , Hassanabadi Hassan 
Published: August 2018

Based on the one-dimensional quantum mechanics on (anti)-de Sitter background [W. S. Chung and H. Hassanabadi, Mod. Phys. Lett. A 32, 26 (2107)], we discuss the Ramsauer–Townsend effect. We also formulate the WKB method for the quantum mechanics on (anti)-de Sitter background to discuss the energy level of the quantum harmonic oscillator and quantum bouncer.
Law and TV Series
Authors: Andrzejewski Adam , Salwa Mateusz 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe aim of the article is to analyse seriality from the point of view of philosophical aesthetics. Such an approach reveals that seriality has a normative character that is often overlooked by other disciplines. Seriality is unanimously considered to be one of the most characteristic traits of contemporary popular culture, but the field where it currently comes to the foreground is TV series. They have been studied within media theory and cultural studies for quite a long time, but they have been analysed mainly in terms of their production, distribution, and consumption across various and changing social contexts. Aiming to show how philosophy may contribute to “seriality studies”, the authors follow the agenda of philosophical aesthetics and conceive of seriality as a factor which defines the structure of TV series, their aesthetic properties, as well as their modes of reception. They claim that seriality is normative as it is possible to indicate what features a television show has to have in order to be a serial show as well as the manner in which it should be watched if it is to be experienced as a serial work.
Community Global Observing System Simulation Experiment (OSSE) Package (CGOP): Assessment and Validation of the OSSE System Using an OSSE–OSE Intercomparison of Summary Assessment Metrics
Authors: Boukabara Sid-Ahmed , Ide Kayo , Zhou Yan , Shahroudi Narges , Hoffman Ross N. , Garrett Kevin , Kumar V. Krishna , Zhu Tong , Atlas Robert 
Published: August 2018

AbstractObserving system simulation experiments (OSSEs) are used to simulate and assess the impacts of new observing systems planned for the future or the impacts of adopting new techniques for exploiting data or for forecasting. This study focuses on the impacts of satellite data on global numerical weather prediction (NWP) systems. Since OSSEs are based on simulations of nature and observations, reliable results require that the OSSE system be validated. This validation involves cycles of assessment and calibration of the individual system components, as well as the complete system, with the end goal of reproducing the behavior of real-data observing system experiments (OSEs). This study investigates the accuracy of the calibration of an OSSE system—here, the Community Global OSSE Package (CGOP) system—before any explicit tuning has been performed by performing an intercomparison of the OSSE summary assessment metrics (SAMs) with those obtained from parallel real-data OSEs. The main conclusion reached in this study is that, based on the SAMs, the CGOP is able to reproduce aspects of the analysis and forecast performance of parallel OSEs despite the simplifications employed in the OSSEs. This conclusion holds even when the SAMs are stratified by various subsets (the tropics only, temperature only, etc.).
Using Rapid Cycle Improvement (Plan, Do, Study, Act) to Design a Scalable Appointment Scheduling System for Complex Oncology Clinical Trials at an Academic Cancer Center
Authors: Dang Avantika H. , Gjolaj Lauren N. , Peck Helen 
Published: August 2018

Purpose: This study’s purpose was to optimize the efficiency of and to design a scalable research scheduling team to meet the growing demands of an academic cancer center with increasing clinical trial accruals. Methods: The Plan, Do, Study, Act improvement methodology was deployed to increase the efficiency of research scheduling, to reduce non–value-added (NVA) activities, and to reduce cycle time to meet takt time. In the Plan phase, voice-of-the-customer interviews were conducted. In the Do phase, the baseline workflow was mapped and billing data were analyzed. In the Study phase, cycle time, takt time, and capacity analysis metrics were calculated at baseline. In the Act phase, interventions were implemented to increase efficiency by reducing NVA activities and increasing value-added activities, and metrics were reassessed after intervention. Results: An 8% increase in appointment requests was noted from baseline to after intervention, and the cycle time for appointment scheduling decreased by 11%, demonstrating increased efficiency. Process steps decreased from 15 to 10, eliminating NVA activities and rework and waiting, two types of waste. Conclusion: Although efficiency increased, the number of total appointments scheduled weekly increased by 4%, resulting in a reduced takt time, or a shorter time to schedule each appointment to meet demand. A capacity analysis demonstrated that even after interventions, an additional 0.5 full-time employee is required to reduce cycle time to equal takt time. Capacity analysis creates a scalable framework for the scheduling team and facilitates movement from reactive to proactive staffing, which can be applied throughout the research enterprise.
Patient- and Hospital-Level Factors Associated With Readmission for Malignant Pleural Effusion
Authors: Yang Theresa S. , Hsia David W. , Chang Dong W. 
Published: August 2018

Purpose: Readmission after hospitalization for malignant pleural effusion (MPE) may represent gaps in the quality of health care delivery. The goal of this study was to determine the frequency of 30-day readmission for MPE and identify clinical factors associated with rehospitalization. Patients and Methods: A retrospective cohort of adults hospitalized for MPE from 2009 to 2011 was analyzed using an administrative database. The primary outcome was all-cause 30-day readmission rate. Hierarchic mixed-effects logistic regression models were used to examine associations between patient- and hospital-level factors and 30-day readmission and assess variation in readmission rates across hospitals. Results: The 7-, 14-, 30-, 60-, and 90-day readmission rates for MPE were 16.1%, 25.9%, 38.3%, 52.5%, and 63.8%, respectively. The most common primary diagnoses for 30-day readmission were MPE (69.5%) and other clinical issues related to malignancy (21.1%). Clinical factors associated with 30-day readmission were female sex (odds ratio [OR], 0.78; 95% CI, 0.63 to 0.95), greater number of medical comorbidities (OR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.15 to 1.99), and having a do-not-resuscitate order (OR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.84). Hospitals in the 90th percentile were only 1.1 times more likely to have a 30-day readmission for MPE than those in the lowest 10th percentile (40.9% v 37%). Conclusion: Readmission for MPE is common and frequently results from progression of malignancy. Readmission rates were similar across all hospitals, suggesting they are unlikely to be mutable using conventional approaches to reduce rehospitalizations. Instead, interventions may need to focus on addressing care planning at the end of life.