bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Spectrum of Cutaneous Granulomatous Inflammation and Detection of Rubella Virus in Skin Biopsies of Patients With Common Variable Immune Deficiency
Authors: King Anne L. , Johnson Emma F. , Alavi Afsaneh , Agrawal Shruti , Sokumbi Olayemi , Perelygina Ludmila , Yorke Laura , Beard Suzanne , Wieland Carilyn N. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThere is a known association between common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) and granulomas in multiple organ systems, including the skin, lung, liver, and spleen. Rubella virus has also been detected within cutaneous granulomas in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts. We present a retrospective case series of patients with CVID and granulomatous skin disease and describe the spectrum of clinical and histopathologic features, including the status of rubella virus in the cutaneous granulomas.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the clinical and histopathological characteristics of patients diagnosed with CVID at our institution, with cutaneous findings and skin biopsies available for review between 1990 and 2023, demonstrating granulomatous inflammation.ResultsEight patients met the inclusion criteria. The most common histopathologic pattern was palisaded granulomatous inflammation, seen in five of eight cases. Three cases showed strictly sarcoidal granulomas. Background inflammation was peri‐granulomatous (8/8) and the predominant background inflammatory cell type was lymphocytic (6/8). Rubella virus testing was performed for seven of eight cases and found to be positive in one case.ConclusionCutaneous granulomatous disease in CVID can present with a spectrum of clinical morphologies, granulomatous patterns, and variable rubella virus persistence. Dermatopathologists should be aware of the spectrum of findings when considering cutaneous CVID–related granulomatous disease in the differential diagnosis.
Does mobile banking matter for the adoption of modern agricultural technology? Evidence from Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: Kouandou Arouna , Laajimi Rawaa 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMotivationThe adoption of yield‐enhancing agricultural inputs can improve rural livelihoods. Lack of savings is widely believed to be one of the main barriers to the adoption of agricultural technology in sub‐Saharan Africa. That may be changing, as the spread of mobile phones in many African countries has facilitated access to new financial technologies, such as mobile money and mobile banking.PurposeHow does access to mobile banking affect the adoption of yield‐enhancing inputs in Côte d'Ivoire? In particular, how does mobile banking affect the uptake of inorganic fertilizers and phytosanitary products to protect crops against weeds, pests, and diseases?Approach and methodsDrawing on data from the Harmonized Survey on Household Living Conditions (Enquête Harmonisée sur les Conditions de Vie des Ménages, EHCVM 2018–2019) for Côte d'Ivoire, we use regression analysis to estimate the factors affecting adoption.The decision to have a mobile bank account may be endogenous, so we use instrumental variables to address potential bias.FindingsHaving a mobile bank account is associated with a 14% greater likelihood of investing in modern agricultural inputs. The impact is particularly high for investments in chemical or inorganic fertilizers, where having a mobile account makes adoption 30% more likely.Policy implicationsMany governments in sub‐Saharan Africa rely heavily on costly subsidies to encourage the adoption of improved farm technologies. Access to mobile banking offers a cheaper way to promote the adoption of technology.The potential of mobile banking to serve as an effective savings tool and transform the lives of smallholder farmers will depend on government policy. While the government of Côte d'Ivoire has made greater efforts than its neighbours to increase the availability of mobile banking technology, much remains to be done.
White‐Light Imaging and Image‐Enhanced Endoscopy With Magnifying Endoscopy for the Optical Diagnosis of Superficial Nonampullary Duodenal Epithelial Tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Yoshida Masao , Toya Yosuke , Notsu Akifumi , Kakushima Naomi , Kato Motohiko , Yahagi Naohisa ,   on the behalf of Endoscopic Clinical Practice Guideline Committee of the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society for Non‐ampullary Duodenal Epithelial Tumors
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and AimOptical diagnosis of superficial nonampullary duodenal epithelial tumors using white‐light imaging (WLI) and/or narrow‐band imaging with magnifying endoscopy (NBI‐ME) is used to guide the treatment strategy and avoid biopsy‐induced fibrosis. However, the effectiveness of this approach has not been elucidated. We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis aiming to investigate the diagnostic yield between Vienna classification category 3 (VCL C3) and categories 4 or 5 (VCL C4/C5) using biopsy, WLI, NBI‐ME, and WLI + NBI‐ME.MethodsA literature search identified studies on the diagnosis of superficial nonampullary duodenal epithelial tumors using biopsy, WLI, or NBI‐ME. A bivariate random‐effects model was utilized to analyze the summary estimates of sensitivity and specificity, as well as the area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curves for diagnosing VCL C4/C5.ResultsUltimately, 13 studies were included in the meta‐analysis. For the diagnosis of VCL C4/C5, summary estimates of sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve were for biopsy 47% (95% confidence interval: 37–58), 86% (79–91), and 0.745; for WLI 80% (65–89), 80% (70–87), and 0.859; for NBI‐ME were 72% (61–81), 76% (68–85), and 0.811; and for WLI + NBI‐ME 88% (67–96), 87% (51–98), and 0.929, respectively.ConclusionsWLI, NBI‐ME, and WLI + NBI‐ME showed high values for sensitivity and area under the curve. Biopsies can be replaced by WLI, NBI‐ME, and WLI + NBI‐ME for the preoperative diagnosis of superficial nonampullary duodenal epithelial tumors. However, further accumulation of research findings is needed.
Structural Aesthetic Treatment With the Hyaluronic Acid Filler VYC‐25L: Global Expert Considerations for Safe and Effective Long‐Term Outcomes
Authors: Bertossi Dario , Denkova Radina , Hoo Anna Jen Shi , Loh David , Murdoch Marshall , Shturman Sirota Isaac , Urdiales‐Gálvez Fernando , de Aguiar Menezes Marcel Vinícius , de la Guardia Carola 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundVYC‐25L is a robust, structural hyaluronic acid (HA) filler designed for facial volumizing, lifting, and contouring. It was first approved in 2019.MethodsA group of doctors with various specialties, who have used VYC‐25L extensively since it first became available in their countries (3–5 years), share clinical experience and guidance on optimal use.ResultsVYC‐25L has a unique rheological and physicochemical profile that provides elevated lift capacity and enhanced projection, significant moldability immediately after injection, high levels of tissue integration, reversibility with hyaluronidase, and a long duration of clinical effects—typically lasting at least 24 months. The properties of VYC‐25L have created new possibilities for nonsurgical facial medical aesthetics. However, as with any novel product, it is important that injectors recognize how best to use it for the benefit of patients. When first utilizing VYC‐25L, it is advisable to start with the chin and jawline to gain familiarity with the gel characteristics before moving into other facial areas, and to consider splitting treatment over two or more sessions. Attention must also be given to injection volume, with less product typically required with VYC‐25L compared to other fillers with similar indications. Key principles of good practice should be followed, including appropriate patient selection and pretreatment education, suitable choice of injection device and plane, aseptic technique, slow and careful administration method, and sufficient posttreatment follow‐up.ConclusionsBy adhering to these principles, VYC‐25L can produce natural‐looking and highly durable outcomes without substantial safety concerns.
Impact of Maternal Hepatitis B Virus Infection on Congenital Heart Disease Risk in Offspring: A National Cohort Study
Authors: Park Yewan , Heo Jihye , Kang Danbee , Gwak Geum‐Youn 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTMaternal hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection influence both maternal and fetal health. Recent studies reported increased congenital anomalies in offspring of HBV‐infected mothers. This study investigated whether maternal HBV infection was associated with higher risk of congenital heart disease (CHD) in children. With the Korean National Health Insurance Service (K‐NHIS) database, this retrospective cohort study included live births from 2005 to 2019, born to women under 40. Propensity score matching with a 1:3 ratio was conducted to compare HBV‐infected mother's children with HBV‐uninfected mother's children while adjusting for various maternal and pregnancy‐related factors. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the risk. Of 2,673,059 eligible participants, 263,904 children were born to HBV‐infected mothers. Risk estimation in this group showed a modestly increased risk of CHD (OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.02, 1.09). Notably, when pregnant mothers were treated with antiviral medication, there was an indication of reduced CHD risk, although this result was not statistically significant. The highest risk of CHD was observed in children who were themselves infected with HBV. The study indicates an association between maternal HBV infection and an increased CHD risk in offspring. The findings suggest the need to re‐evaluate the timing of antiviral treatment during pregnancy to align more closely with early stages of fetal cardiac development. Further research is needed to understand the biological mechanisms of this association and to redefine clinical guidelines for managing HBV infection in pregnancy.
Challenges and Opportunities for Treating Hepatitis C Amongst People Who Use Drugs: Experience of an Integrated Mobile Clinic in Baltimore City
Authors: Rosecrans Amanda , Harris Robert , Clair Anne St , Rice Molly , Zoltick Meredith , Willman Catherine , King Anne , Kerr Meredith , Page Kathleen R. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTProgress in treating chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has been slow amongst people who use drugs (PWUD). This study describes the HCV treatment cascade amongst people accessing a mobile clinic offering integrated low‐threshold buprenorphine and infectious disease services in Baltimore City. From May 1, 2021, to December 31, 2022, 560 people had a rapid HCV antibody test, of whom 201 (36%) had a positive result and amongst those, 117 (58%) had an HCV RNA test performed, 81 (40%) had a documented positive RNA, 45 (22%) were prescribed medication, 42 (21%) started medication, 32 (16%) completed medication, 22 (11%) had blood work to assess for sustained virologic response and 20 (10%) had a documented cure. Challenges including housing instability, insurance barriers and lack of venous access limit progress in this cascade. Providing integrated care models to meet the needs of PWUD in the community is necessary but not sufficient to make progress in improving HCV treatment. Removal of insurance restrictions, availability of point‐of‐care HCV RNA testing, development of rapid HCV treatment guidelines and development of long‐acting injectable HCV treatment are needed to move towards a same‐day, one‐time test and treat model of care.
Cucumber Green Mottle Mosaic Virus Coat Protein Hijacks Mitochondrial ATPδ to Promote Viral Infection
Authors: Yang Xue , Jiang Xing‐Lin , Fu Han , Yu Lian‐Wei , Ai Niu , Shi Ya‐Juan , Lu Yu‐Wen , Xia Zi‐Hao , Li Hong‐Lian , Shi Yan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe production and scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are critical for plants to adapt to biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, we investigated the interaction between the coat protein (CP) of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) and ATP synthase subunit δ (ATPδ) in mitochondria. Silencing of ATPδ by tobacco rattle virus‐based virus‐induced gene silencing impeded CGMMV accumulation in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. Both the overexpression of ATPδ in transgenic plants and transient expression promoted CGMMV infection. Nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) and 3,3′‐diaminobenzidine (DAB) staining revealed that ATPδ inhibited O2− production but not H2O2 production. The treatment of CGMMV‐infected leaves with the ROS inhibitor diphenylene iodonium (DPI) induced a ROS burst that inhibited CGMMV infection. Reverse transcription‐quantitative PCR and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity assays showed that ATPδ, CGMMV infection, and CP expression specifically induced NbFeSOD3/4 expression and SOD activity, and silencing NbFeSOD3/4 inhibited CGMMV infection. We speculate that CGMMV CP interacts with ATPδ and hijacks it, thereby enhancing O2− quenching by upregulating NbFeSOD expression and, in turn, SOD activity.
Profile of Inflammatory Cytokines in Gingival Crevicular Fluid and Plasma in Patients With Grade C Periodontitis During Orthodontic Treatment: A Longitudinal Case Series Report
Authors: Xin Tian‐yi , Zhu Zi‐lu , Chen Liu‐jing , Han Bin , Yang Rui‐li , Shi Jie 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAimTo examine the immune responses in patients diagnosed as grade C periodontitis during orthodontic treatment.Materials and MethodsOur study included seven orthodontic patients with grade C periodontitis and measured their levels of inflammatory cytokines in gingival crevicular fluid and plasma before orthodontic treatment, during the alignment and levelling phase, and during the detailing and finishing phase. The key signal pathways in the orthodontic process of patients with periodontitis were detected by KEGG analysis.ResultsStudies have shown that orthodontic treatment brings great improvement to patients with grade C periodontitis, and most of the local/systemic inflammatory cytokines can be reduced after orthodontic treatment. Simultaneously, orthodontic treatment can reduce the percentage of IFN‐γ+ Th1 cells in patients with grade C periodontitis. Through KEGG analysis, the IL‐17 signalling pathway and TNF signalling pathway are closely interrelated in the orthodontic treatment of patients diagnosed with grade C periodontitis (p‐value < 0.001).ConclusionOrthodontic treatment can effectively control the local and system levels of inflammation in patients with grade C periodontitis, with IL‐17A and TNF‐α as potential distinctive inflammatory markers for orthodontic‐periodontal combined treatment in individuals with periodontitis.
Disciplined Comparison in the Undergraduate Theory and Method Classroom
Authors: Jensen Christopher 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis article details the author's reimagining of the undergraduate theory and method course, in which intentional, disciplined comparison is employed to challenge and problematize traditional narratives about Religious Studies as an academic discipline. Doing so helps to answer calls to decolonize our curricula, not only by critiquing historical theorists, but also by including non‐Western perspectives as sources of theory (as opposed to mere data to be studied). Such an approach is additionally pertinent in the author's Canadian institutional context, where traditional definitions of “religion” have been used to oppress Canada's Indigenous populations: a useful case study for explaining why such theorization matters.
Risk factors for vasovagal reactions in blood donors: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Wu Yaning , Qi Hongchao , Di Angelantonio Emanuele , Kaptoge Stephen , Wood Angela M. , Kim Lois G. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundWhile blood donation is generally safe, some donors experience vasovagal reactions (VVRs) that may lead to injury and reduce likelihood of future donation. Several risk factors for VVRs have been identified, but the consistency, magnitude, and validity of their associations have not been systematically evaluated. Therefore, this systematic review and meta‐analysis synthesized evidence for VVR risk factors.MethodsDatabase searches identified English‐language studies published before February 2024 describing VVR risk factors in voluntary whole blood donors. Study characteristics, VVR and risk factor assessment methods, and effect sizes were extracted. Random‐effects models pooled estimates across all studies and subgroups of geographical context, study quality, donation experience, and outcome severity. Inconsistently and infrequently reported risk factors were narratively synthesized.ResultsTotally 71 studies reporting a total of 19 million total donations were included. Female sex, new donor status, younger age, smaller blood volume, and lower blood pressure were positively associated with higher VVR risk. Donation‐related fear, anxiety, and disgust were associated with higher VVR risk in narrative syntheses. Substantial between‐study heterogeneity (I2 > 90%) was observed for the majority of risk factors, while there was no clear evidence of subgroup variability and small study effects.ConclusionThis systematic review and meta‐analysis provides a comprehensive synthesis of risk factors for VVRs across wide‐ranging blood service contexts and symptom severities, reinforcing evidence for previously identified factors. The heterogeneous associations of several risk factors motivate large‐scale studies that enable comprehensive multivariable adjustment to evidence donor selection criteria and preventative intervention allocation.
Inner Race Dynamics of a High-Speed Ball Bearing With Elastic Ring Squeeze Film Damper
Authors: Jiang Bingzhen , Yang Xiaomin , Xu Bensheng , Geng Ruiguang , Li Baochen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper aims at the inner race dynamics of a high-speed ball bearing incorporated with Elastic Ring Squeeze Film Damper (ERSFD). A dynamic model of the inner race with three degrees-of-freedom (DOFs) is established in an ERSFD-integrated ball bearing. The ball contact force and operating contact angle are characterized using an improved quasi-static model, which includes the motion of the outer race when establishing the geometric relationship between bearing displacement and contact elastic deformation. Numerical simulations were performed for bearings with or without ERSFD. The model was validated using Campbell diagram and measured displacement response and center trajectory of the inner race at different rotor speeds. The results show that the ERSFD provides adequate stable traction on the ball and limits excessive increase in the inner race contact angle. Such load-carrying condition benefits for decrease in ball orbital revolution skid at high rotor speeds. The ERSFD enables rotor's unbalance force to dominate bearing motion, resulting in stable periodic motion of the inner race at high rotor speeds. For ball bearings without ERSFD, the inner race possesses stable motion at low and moderate rotor speeds, but is more prone to instability at high rotor speeds.
Insights into antibiotic resistance promoted by quinolone exposure
Authors: Bush Natassja G. , Diez-Santos Isabel , Sankara Krishna Pilla , Clavijo Bernardo , Maxwell Anthony 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Quinolone-induced antibiotic resistance (QIAR) refers to the phenomenon by which bacteria exposed to sublethal levels of quinolones acquire resistance to non-quinolone antibiotics. We have explored this in
Escherichia coli
MG1655 using a variety of compounds and bacteria carrying a quinolone-resistance mutation in gyrase, mutations affecting the SOS response, and mutations in error-prone polymerases. The nature of the antibiotic-resistance mutations was determined by whole-genome sequencing. Exposure to low levels of most quinolones tested led to mutations conferring resistance to chloramphenicol, ampicillin, kanamycin, and tetracycline. The mutations included point mutations and deletions and could mostly be correlated with the resistance phenotype. QIAR depended upon DNA gyrase and involved the SOS response but was not dependent on error-prone polymerases. Only moxifloxacin, among the quinolones tested, did not display a significant QIAR effect. We speculate that the lack of QIAR with moxifloxacin may be attributable to it acting via a different mechanism. In addition to the concerns about antimicrobial resistance to quinolones and other compounds, QIAR presents an additional challenge in relation to the usage of quinolone antibacterials.
Identification of determinants that allow maintenance of high-level fluoroquinolone resistance in
Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Hamami Efrat , Huo Wenwen , Hernandez-Bird Juan , Castaneda Arnold , Bai Jinna , Syal Sapna , Ortiz-Marquez Juan C. , van Opijnen Tim , Geisinger Edward , Isberg Ralph R. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Acinetobacter baumannii
is associated with multidrug-resistant infections in healthcare settings, with fluoroquinolones such as ciprofloxacin being currently ineffective. Clinical isolates largely harbor mutations in the GyrA and TopoIV fluoroquinolone targets, as well as mutations that increase expression of drug resistance-nodulation-division (RND) efflux pumps. Factors critical for maintaining fitness levels of pump overproducers are uncharacterized despite their prevalence in clinical isolates. We, here, identify proteins that contribute to the fitness of fluoroquinolone-resistant (FQR) strains overexpressing three known RND systems using high-density insertion mutagenesis. Overexpression of the AdeFGH efflux pump caused hypersensitization to defects in outer membrane homeostatic regulation, including lesions that reduced lipooligosaccharide (LOS) biosynthesis and blocked production of the major
A. baumannii
porin. In contrast, AdeAB pump hyperexpression, in the absence of elevated
adeC
expression (the outer membrane component of the pump), was relatively tolerant to loss of these functions, consistent with the outer membrane protein being the primary disruptive component. Surprisingly, overexpression of proton-transporting efflux pumps had little impact on cytosolic pH, consistent with a compensatory response to pump activity. The most striking transcriptional changes were associated with AdeFGH pump overexpression, including the activation of the phenylacetate (PAA) degradation regulon. Disruption of the PAA pathway resulted in cytosolic acidification and defective expression of genes involved in protection from oxidative stress. These results indicate that RND efflux pump overproduction is compensated by maintenance of outer membrane integrity in
A. baumannii
to facilitate fitness of FQR isolates.

IMPORTANCE

Acinetobacter baumannii
is a pathogen that often causes multidrug-resistant infections in healthcare settings, presenting a threat to the efficacy of known therapeutic interventions. Fluoroquinolones such as ciprofloxacin are currently ineffective against a majority of clinical
A. baumannii
isolates, many of which express pumps that remove this antibiotic class from within the bacterium. Three of these pumps can be found in most clinical isolates, with one of the three often hyperproduced at all times. In this study, we identify proteins that are necessary for the fitness of pump hyperproducers. The identified proteins are necessary to stabilize the outer membrane and allow the cytoplasm to tolerate the accumulation of ions as a consequence of excess pump activity. These results point to strategies for developing therapies that combine known antibiotics with drugs that target proteins important for survival of strains hyper-expressing efflux pumps.