bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expansion of sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis) in east Asia during the non-breeding period
Authors: Gao Linqiang , Mi Chunrong , Guo Yumin 
Published: August 2019

AimHistorically, the distribution of Sandhill Cranes included much of North America and extending in summer into northeast Russia. In recent years, observations of sandhill cranes in Asia during the non-breeding period have been frequently reported. However, the distribution and abundance of sandhill cranes during the non-breeding period in Asia have rarely been summarized and studied. Our study aimed to analyze the status of sandhill cranes that have spread south into East Asia during the non-breeding period and to assess the possible impacts of their potential spread.MethodsBased on opportunistic data collected in the field and occurrence data collected online over the past half century, we used Geographic Information System to visualize the spatial distribution changes and regression analysis to analyze and visualize the changes in the amount of individuals over time.ResultsIn the last 50 years, the distribution of sandhill cranes during the non-breeding season in Asia spanned 31 degrees in longitude to the west and 15 degrees in latitude to the south. Their distribution in Asia has expanded to 17 provinces and municipalities in China, Japan and South Korea. The amount of cranes in the non-breeding period in Asia increased significantly from 1963 to 2017. According to the historical records in East Asia, sandhill cranes were mixed with five other species of crane groups.Main conclusionsThese results indicate that the range and amount of sandhill cranes have expanded. Sandhill cranes were mixed with five other crane species, which indicate their adaptability to a range of habitat types and food resources. The implications of these trends in sandhill cranes in East Asia for this and other crane species warrants further research.
Non-surgical Management of Large Periapical Lesions with the Agreement Evaluation of the Methods
Authors: Lakmali B. G. M. , Nawarathna Lakshika S. , Fonseka M. C. N. 
Published: August 2019

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the agreement between three routinely used non-surgical management techniques for large periapical lesions namely the treatments with Calcium hydroxide, Mineralo-Trioxide Aggregate and Bio-dentine.
Methods: Data was collected from 60 patients at the Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya. The variables age, gender and area of the infected region before and after the treatment and the treatment type were considered. Two homoscedastic and heteroscedastic Mixed-effects models were fitted and the agreement between three treatments were assessed using Concordance Correlation Coefficient (CCC) and Total Deviation Index (TDI).
Results: CCC value calculated for treatment types 1 & 2, 1 & 3 and 2 & 3 are (0.905, 0.909, 0.874) for homoscedastic model and (0.989, 0.990, 0.975) for heteroscedastic model. Further, corresponding TDI values for homoscedastic and heteroscedastic models are (3.148, 4.390, 1.647) and (2.963, 4.388, 1.457) respectively.
Conclusions: Since all the CCC values are close to 1 and TDI values are low, there is a strong agreement between all three treatments and hence they be used interchangeably. Moreover, the agreement between Treatments with Calcium hydroxide and Bio-dentine is higher compared to the agreements between the other treatments. (i.e., Calcium hydroxide with Mineralo-Trioxide Aggregate and Biodentine with Mineralo-Trioxide Aggregate).
Physico-chemical Characterization of Wastewaters Discharged into Songolo River at Pointe-Noire, Republic of Congo
Authors: Mbemba K. M. , Koutouma B. D. , Ouamba J. M. 
Published: August 2019

Songolo River receives daily domestic and industrial wastewaters from households, laboratories, small and medium size industries (SMEs) and the Loandjili hospital, which are discharged directly into it without prior treatment. The objective of this study is to evaluate the physico- chemical quality of wastewaters discharged into the Songolo River at Pointe-Noire in Republic of Congo. To do this, 56 wastewater samples were taken. Physicochemical analyzes as temperature, pH, electronical conductivity, total dissolved solids, chloride ions, nitrate ions and total hydrocarbons, were carried out on wastewaters. These analyzes showed that in terms of time, during wet periods (April to June), the values of the physico-chemical parameters (conductivity, total dissolved solids, chlorides ions, nitrates ions and total hydrocarbons) are the lowest due to the dilution phenomenon brought by the rains. On the other hand, the beginning of the dry season (July) is marked by much higher levels. The results of physico-chemical analyzes of these effluents also revealed that conductivity, total dissolved solids and total hydrocarbons often have values higher than those recommended by the WHO standard for wastewaters intended for release into the natural environment.
Household Food Insecurity and Associated Dietary and Socio-economic Factors among Pregnant Women of Mid-west Bangladesh
Authors: Jahan Israt , Mahbub Fardib , Ahmed Eyad 
Published: August 2019

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of household food insecurity and to determine the dietary and non-dietary factors associated with household food insecurity among pregnant women of mid-west Bangladesh.
Methodology: The study was conducted in four sub-districts of Rajshahi district: Rajshahi Sadar, Godagari, Tanor and Shardah. It was a cross-sectional study which randomly enrolled 150 pregnant women. Household food insecurity among the respondents was calculated with the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS).
Results: The mean age of the pregnant women was 29±3 years. About 76% of respondents were food secure, 23% of respondents were mildly food insecure, and only 1% of respondents were moderately food insecure. Severe food insecurity was not observed among the respondents in Rajshahi. About 17% of respondents were anxious and uncertain about their household food supply, about 23% of respondents said that they had to eat foods of insufficient quality and only 1% of respondents replied that they had eaten an insufficient amount of food during the month prior to the study. It was observed that the mean Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) and mean Food Consumption Score (FCS) significantly differed (P < .05) between food secure and food insecure respondents. Meat, fish and poultry consumption were found higher among the food secure respondents but vegetable consumption was higher among the food insecure group. Some socio-economic factors such as household size, respondents’ educational status, husbands’ educational status, husbands’ occupation and monthly household income were significantly associated (P < .05) with household food insecurity of the respondents.
Trends in Epidemiology, Susceptibility Pattern and Serotypes of Salmonellae at a Tertiary Care Hospital, India: An Eight-Year Study (2011 – 2018)
Authors: Mudshingkar Swati , Palewar Meghna , Kongre Vaishali , Kagal Anju , Bhardwaj Renu , Karyakarte Rajesh 
Published: August 2019

Background: Enteric fever is a global disease. In India, Enteric fever is endemic with Salmonella enterica serovar typhi being the predominant etiological agent. Due to changing antimicrobial resistance patterns, knowledge of local epidemiology, antimicrobial resistance pattern helps in the initiation of appropriate empiric therapy.
Methodology: A prospective study on Salmonellae isolated from blood and stool specimens over an 8 year period was conducted. Antimicrobial susceptibility was done as per The Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Serotyping was done by using commercial antisera and later confirmed at Central Research Institute, Kasauli.
Results: Out of 52 salmonellae, 43 (82.6%) were from blood and 8 (15.3%) from stool and 1 (1.9%) from pus specimen. We observed a change in spectrum and susceptibility pattern of salmonellae the 8 year study period. In 2011, 2013, 2016 and 2018, Salmonella typhi (serotype-9,12,vi:d:-) was the predominant etiological agent accounting for 81.8% , 66.6%, 51% and 80% of the total cases of salmonella respectively. Salmonella Paratyphi B (4,12:b:1,2) was predominant in 2012 (100% of cases). Salmonella Serotype Typhimurium (4,12;i:1,2) was predominant in 2014 (50%) while Salmonella typhi and S. paratyphi B contributed equally to infections in 2015 (40% each). From 2011, Non-typhoidal salmonellae (NTS) steadily increased. 19 (36.6%).The most effective antimicrobials against typhoidal salmonellae were chloramphenicol, ceftriaxone and co-trimoxazole with all most 100% sensitivity from 2011 to 2018. Ciprofloxacin maintained good sensitivity in 2013, 2014 and 2015, 2016 and 2018 but ampicillin was ineffective in our set-up.
Conclusions: Due to changing trends in spectrum and sensitivity of salmonellae, continuous monitoring is essential.
Proteins required for vacuolar function are targets of lysine polyphosphorylation in yeast
Authors: McCarthy Liam , Bentley‐DeSousa Amanda , Denoncourt Alix , Tseng Yi‐Chieh , Gabriel Matthew , Downey Michael 
Published: August 2019

Polyphosphates (polyP) are long chains of inorganic phosphates that can be attached to lysine residues of target proteins as a nonenzymatic post‐translational modification. This modification, termed polyphosphorylation, may be particularly prevalent in bacterial and fungal species that synthesize large quantities of polyP. In this study, we evaluated the polyphosphorylation status of over 200 candidate targets in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We report eight new polyphosphorylated proteins that interact genetically and physically with previous targets implicated in ribosome biogenesis. The expanded target network includes vacuolar proteins Prb1 and Apl5, whose modification with polyP suggests a model for feedback regulation of polyP synthesis, while raising questions regarding the location of polyphosphorylation in vivo.
Origin of Current‐Controlled Negative Differential Resistance Modes and the Emergence of Composite Characteristics with High Complexity
Authors: Li Shuai , Liu Xinjun , Nandi Sanjoy Kumar , Nath Shimul Kanti , Elliman Robert Glen 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCurrent‐controlled negative differential resistance has significant potential as a fundamental building block in brain‐inspired neuromorphic computing. However, achieving the desired negative differential resistance characteristics, which is crucial for practical implementation, remains challenging due to a lack of consensus on the underlying mechanism and design criteria. Here, a material‐independent model of current‐controlled negative differential resistance is reported to explain a broad range of characteristics, including the origin of the discontinuous snap‐back response observed in many transition metal oxides. This is achieved by explicitly accounting for a non‐uniform current distribution in the oxide film and its impact on the effective circuit of the device rather than a material‐specific phase transition. The predictions of the model are then compared with experimental observations to show that the continuous S‐type and discontinuous snap‐back characteristics serve as fundamental building blocks for composite behavior with higher complexity. Finally, the potential of our approach is demonstrated for predicting and engineering unconventional compound behavior with novel functionality for emerging electronic and neuromorphic computing applications.
Biocatalytic Metal‐Organic Framework‐Based Artificial Cells
Authors: Liu Jian , Guo Ziyi , Liang Kang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractArtificial cells or cell mimics have drawn significant attention in cell biology and material science in the last decade and its development will provide a powerful toolbox for studying the origin of life and pave the way for novel biomedical applications. Artificial cells and their subcompartments are typically constructed from a semipermeable membrane composed of liposomes, polymersomes, hydrogels, or simply aqueous droplets enclosing bioactive molecules to perform cellular‐mimicking activities such as compartmentalization, communication, metabolism, or reproduction. Despite the rapid progress, concerns regarding their physical stability (e.g., thermal or mechanical) and tunability in membrane permeability have significantly hindered artificial cells systems in real‐life applications. In addition, developing a facile and versatile system that can mimic multiple cellular tasks is advantageous. Here, an ultrastable, multifunctional and stimulus‐responsive artificial cell system is reported. Constructed from metal‐phenolic network membranes enclosing enzyme‐containing metal‐organic frameworks as organelles, the bionic cell system can mimic multiple cellular tasks including molecular transport regulation, cell metabolism, communication and programmed degradation, and significantly extends its stability range across various chemical and physical conditions. It is believed that the development of such responsive cell mimics will have significant potentials for studying cellular reactions and have future applications in biosensing and drug delivery.
Functional Soft Composites As Thermal Protecting Substrates for Wearable Electronics
Authors: Shi Yingli , Wang Chengjun , Yin Yafei , Li Yuhang , Xing Yufeng , Song Jizhou 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThermal management of wearable electronics integrated with biological tissues remains one of the critical challenges for their practical applications. The undesired heating can cause thermal discomfort or even thermal damage to biological tissues. Here, a novel thermal protecting substrate design is proposed for wearable electronics with abilities to manipulate the heat flow and efficiently absorb the excessive heat energy without the compromise of substrate flexibility. The thermal protecting substrate features a functional soft composite, which incorporates the embedded phase change material with a thin metal film on the top in a soft polymer. Compared with conventional substrate, the proposed thermal protecting substrate can reduce the peak temperature increase by over 85% with appropriate parameters. Experimental and numerical studies reveal the fundamental aspects of the design and operation of functional soft composite to effectively avoid excessive heating of biological tissues. Influences of geometrical parameters on temperature reduction are investigated. Device demonstration of thermal protecting substrate in a wearable heater on pig skin illustrates the unusual capability to reduce the maximum skin temperature, thereby enabling practical applications of wearable electronics and creating engineering opportunities in biointegrated applications requiring thermal protection of biological tissues.
Proliferating Oxygen Reduction Reaction by High Volume of Mesopores in Regular Nickel–Nitrogen Codoped Carbon Nanocubes
Authors: Mao Jianxin , Liu Peng , Li Jiawen , Liang Dongxue , Yan Jianyue , Song Wenbo 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTheoretically, nickel–nitrogen codoped carbon (Ni–N/C) is a promising oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalyst. However, precisely controllable synthesis of Ni–N/C nanostructures with large surface area and high volume of mesopores remains insurmountable challenge. In this work, a mesoporous nickel–nitrogen codoped carbon nanocube (denoted as Ni–N/C‐NCs) catalyst with high specific surface area of 1085 m2 g−1 is illustrated. The high volume of mesopores is confirmed to not only allow the great exposure of highly active C‐N site, but also facilitates the mass transfer and gas diffusion, resulting in promotion of ORR activity and kinetics. In 0.1 m KOH, a diffusion‐limited current density of 6.61 mA cm−2 is achieved, which is 20% higher than that of commercial 20 wt% Pt/C and superior to most catalysts reported to date. The Ni–N/C‐NCs prepared by the new synthetic route not only show excellent ORR performance, but also exhibit high structural thermostability, which makes it a promising catalyst for industrial applications.
Lewis Acid‐Mediated Cyanation of Phenols Using N‐Cyano‐N‐phenyl‐p‐toluenesulfonamide
Authors: Zhang Wu , Li Tao , Wang Qingli , Zhao Wanxiang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLewis acid‐mediated cyanation of phenol derivatives with N‐cyano‐N‐phenyl‐p‐toluenesulfonamide (NCTS) has been developed. The reaction proceeded efficiently with high regioselectivity to produce aromatic nitriles in moderate to excellent yields, which provides a direct and practical access to valuable products.magnified image
Estimating potential beggar‐thy‐neighbor effects of state labeling programs
Authors: Neill Clinton L. , Holcomb Rodney B. , Lusk Jayson L. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn the past 40 years, federal and state policies have financially and philosophically supported the establishment of state‐branded food marketing programs in each state. The intention of the programs is to increase consumer demand for locally grown foods. However, the benefits of such programs are likely to be reduced when multiple states simultaneously market their own local foods. To investigate this issue, we conducted a survey of 6,900 consumers residing in an eight‐state contiguous region. We find that preferences are heterogeneous when neighboring state‐branded products are available, and some consumers will instead buy products from other states. The results suggest caution in estimating the policy impacts of state branding programs without considering how neighboring states react.
Place of Strength: Indigenous Artists and Indigenous Knowledge is Prevention Science
Authors: Straits Kee J.E. , deMaría Jaelyn , Tafoya Nadine 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe Place of Strength (PoS) project represents an effort to Indigenize program evaluation with Indigenous communities by melding art with prevention science. We propose that Native artists as evaluators: (a) opens avenues of communication for Indigenous perspectives; (b) provides opportunities to capture spiritual, relational, and emotional impacts of prevention programming; and (c) maintains Indigenous processes, language, and values at the center of knowledge production. The New Mexico Tribal Prevention Project (NMTPP) funded seven Southwestern tribes to develop substance abuse prevention programs. In response to their expressed negative experiences with evaluation of prevention strategies, NMTPP piloted PoS. PoS shifted systematic knowledge paradigms to Tribal thought, values, and perspectives embodied in art. Art exists in Native communities as a way of documenting lifeways and historical experiences through various cultural forms. We share the process of collaborating with Native artists to document the impact of substance abuse prevention initiatives through their art within a community context. We offer concepts derived from this project as a community psychology model for re‐conceptualizing evaluation utilizing Indigenous knowledge.
A Polymer Solution To Prevent Nanoclustering and Improve the Selectivity of Metal Nanoparticles for Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction
Authors: Zhang Lei , Wei Zichao , Thanneeru Srinivas , Meng Michael , Kruzyk Megan , Ung Gaël , Liu Ben , He Jie 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe stability of metal nanocatalysts for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction is of key importance for practical application. We report the use of two polymeric N‐heterocyclic carbenes (NHC) (polydentate and monodentate) to stabilize metal nanocatalysts (Au and Pd) for efficient CO2 electroreduction. Compared with other conventional ligands including thiols and amines, metal–carbene bonds that are stable under reductive potentials prevent the nanoclustering of nanoparticles. Au nanocatalysts modified by polymeric NHC ligands show an activity retention of 86 % after CO2 reduction at −0.9 V for 11 h, while it is less than 10 % for unmodified Au. We demonstrate that the hydrophobicity of polymer ligands and the enriched surface electron density of metal NPs through σ‐donation of NHCs substantially improve the selectivity for CO2 reduction over proton.
Fabrication of uvioresistant poly(p‐phenylene benzobisoxazole) fibers based on hydrogen bond
Authors: Li Zhenfen , Lu Fei , Lu Shanshan , Liu He , An Boyuan , Wang Yanhong , Huang Yudong , Hu Zhen 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTThe poly(p‐phenylene benzobisoxazole) (PBO) fiber with excellent performance is vulnerable to the irradiation of UV light, which significantly limits their application in advanced composites. Therefore, finding feasible and efficient ways to improve the uvioresistant properties of PBO fiber is of significance. In this work, a facile one‐pot method is developed for continuously preparing the PBO/poly(2,5‐dihydroxy‐1, 4‐phenylpyridimidazole) (PIPD) copolymer fiber to greatly enhance the anti‐UV properties of PBO fibers. The experimental results demonstrate that the fabricated PBO/PIPD copolymer fiber (molar ratio of 7:1) with greatly improved surface wetting properties (the maximum increase can reach about 179%) possesses satisfactory and desired uvioresistant performance, which is 30.8% higher than that of pure PBO fibers after 480 h UV aging irradiation. The fabricated PBO/PIPD copolymer fiber with improved UV stability has the potential to be applied to many important application areas even in a severe and harsh environment. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48432.
Preparation of waterborne elastic polyesters by chain extension with isophorone diisocyanate as a chain extender
Authors: Zheng Yanping , Zhu Puxin , Cheng Fei , Zhou Mi , Zhang Kang , Wang Tianping 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTIsophorone diisocyanate was used as a chain extender to coupling the soft segment water‐borne polyester with the hard segment water‐borne polyester, to overcome the disadvantages of low molar mass and poor mechanical properties of waterborne sulfonate‐containing polyesters. The molecular structure of the extended polyester was confirmed by FTIR and 1H NMR, and the increased molar mass of the resultant was characterized by SEC. The extended products could be dispersed in water with the emulsion particle size less than 50 nm in diameter, slightly larger than that of precursors of soft‐ and hard‐segment polyesters. The emulsion viscosity of polyesters after the chain extension was lower when the emulsion concentration was not larger than 25 wt%, which is conducive to the spraying application of the polyester for coating. DSC analysis indicated that the polyester after chain extension had two different glass temperatures, suggesting that the polyester bulk had a microphase separation structure. The mechanical performance of the coupled polyester manifested an obviously improved elongation at break and had a feature of higher elastic recovery rate. The results of this study indicate that the chain extension is an effective method to increase the molar mass and improve mechanical properties of waterborne polyesters. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48453.