bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
APLICAÇÃO FOLIAR DE NITROGÊNIO NA SOJA EM DIFERENTES FASES FENOLÓGICAS E INOCULAÇÃO COM Bradyrhizobium japonicum
Authors: Buratto Willian , Buratto Weslley , Oliveira Amanda Martins de , Oliveira Reginaldo de , Caione Gustavo , Seben Junior Getúlio de Freitas 
Published: July 2018

A adubação nitrogenada na cultura da soja, associada a inoculação com a bactéria Bradyrhizobium japonicum é uma prática comum na agricultura, no entanto, muito contestada. Objetivou-se neste estudo avaliar a resposta da soja à aplicação foliar de N em diferentes estádios fenológicos e à aplicação de inoculante com Bradyrhizobium japonicum. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação da Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Alta Floresta-MT. Foi utilizado o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado em arranjo fatorial 4x2, sendo quatro épocas de aplicação de nitrogênio (R1 - Início de floração, R3 - Final da floração, R5.1 - Grãos perceptíveis ao tato e R5.3 - Maioria das vagens entre 25-50% de granação) e presença ou ausência de Bradyrhizobium japonicum, com quatro repetições. Conclui-se que a aplicação de nitrogênio foliar na cultura da soja no estágio R1 proporcionou aumento no acúmulo de nitrogênio na parte aérea, no número de vagens e de grãos por planta. A presença do inoculante proporcionou maior número de vagens quando aplicou se N nas épocas R1 e R3, já para a matéria seca de parte aérea, o melhor resultado foi obtido, quando o N foi aplicado em R 5.3, na ausência do inoculante.Palavras-chave: adubação nitrogenada, fixação biológica, inoculante. LEAF APPLICATION OF NITROGEN IN DIFFERENT PHENOLOGICAL STAGES IN SOYBEAN AND INOCULATION WITH Bradyrhizobium japonicum ABSTRACT:Nitrogen fertilization in soybean crop, associated with inoculation with a bacterium Bradyrhizobium japonicum is a common practice in agriculture, however, much contested. The objective of this study was to evaluate the response of soybeans to foliar application of N in different stages of phenology and the application of inoculant with the diazotrophic bacterium Bradyrhizobium japonicum. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse at the State University of Mato Grosso, Alta Floresta-MT. The completely randomized experimental design was used in a 4x2 factorial arrangement, with 4 nitrogen application times (R1 - Beginning of flowering, R3 - Final flowering, R5.1 - Grains perceptible to touch and R5.3 - Most pods between 25 -50% granulation) and presence or absence of Bradyrhizobium japonicum, with 4 replicates. It was concluded that the application of leaf nitrogen in the non-stage soybean crop provided an increase in the accumulation of nitrogen in the aerial part, there is no number of pods and grains per plant. The presence of the inoculant provided a larger number of pods when applicable. N in the periods R1 and R3, and for the aerial part dry matter, the best result obtained when it was obtained in R 5.3, in the absence of the inoculant.Keywords: nitrogen fertilization, biological fixation, inoculant.
SEGMENTATION OF RGB IMAGES USING DIFFERENT VEGETATION INDICES AND THRESHOLDING METHODS
Authors: Aureliano Netto Abdon Francisco , Nogueira Martins Rodrigo , Aquino de Souza Guilherme Silverio , Araújo Guilherme de Moura , Hatum de Almeida Samira Luns , Agnolette Capelini Vinicius 
Published: July 2018

SEGMENTAÇÃO DE IMAGENS RGB USANDO DIFERENTES ÍNDICES DE VEGETAÇÃO E MÉTODOS DE LIMIARIZAÇÃO A segmentação é um dos aspectos fundamentais envolvidos no processamento de imagens, que geralmente consiste na discriminação de objetos de interesse e fundo da imagem. O presente estudo objetivou avaliar o efeito de diferentes índices de vegetação (IV) (ExG, ExGR e NDI) no desempenho de três métodos de limiarização (Otsu, Ridler e Triângulo) em termos de precisão e tempo de processamento na segmentação de imagens. Para tal, foram utilizadas 30 imagens advindas de área cultivada com milho sob diferentes tipos de cobertura do solo (plantio convencional, casca de café e palhada). O processamento das imagens foi realizado através de algoritmos desenvolvidos com base nos IV e métodos de limiarização. A acurácia das imagens resultantes foi avaliada com a verdade de campo obtida pelo algoritmo K-means. Os resultados demonstraram desempenho superior para o método do triângulo quando precedido dos índices NDI (90,7%) e ExGR (90,23%) e dos métodos de Otsu e Ridler quando precedidos pelo NDI com 89,06% e 89,03% de acurácia, respectivamente. O tempo de processamento foi estatisticamente igual entre os métodos avaliados. De modo geral, a abordagem combinada de IV e métodos de limiarização foram capazes de separar com alta acurácia a cultura do milho do objeto de fundo.Palavras-chave: processamento de imagens, imagens digitais, método do triângulo.ABSTRACT:Image Segmentation is one of the fundamental aspects involved in image processing, which generally consists of discriminating objects of interest from its background. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of vegetation indices (VI) (ExG, ExGR, and NDI) on the performance of three automated thresholding methods (Otsu, Ridler, and Triangle) in terms of accuracy and processing time on image segmentation. A set of 30 images from an area cultivated with maize under different types of soil cover (conventional planting, no-tillage with coffee husk, and straw residue) were selected and processed. The images were processed through algorithms developed based on VI and thresholding methods. Then, the accuracy of the resulting images was evaluated through the ground truth image obtained by the K-means algorithm. The results demonstrated superior performance for the triangle method when preceded by the NDI (90.7%) and ExGR (90.23%) indices and the Otsu and Ridler methods when preceded by the NDI with 89.06% and 89.03% accuracy, respectively. The processing time was statistically equal among the evaluated methods. In general, the combined approach of VI and thresholding based methods were capable of separating with high accuracy the maize crop from the background.Keywords: image processing, digital images, triangle method.
BROMATOLOGIA DE GRAMÍNEAS TROPICAIS SOB DIFERENTES TENSÕES DE ÁGUA NO SOLO EM AMBIENTE PROTEGIDO
Authors: Gonçalves Morgana Scaramussa , Ribeiro Wilian Rodrigues , Dos Reis Edvaldo Fialho , Cóser Antônio Carlos 
Published: July 2018

A irrigação é usada para conter os efeitos da sazonalidade de produção garantindo maior intensificação dos sistemas de produção a pasto, assim, contribuindo para o aumento da produção e do valor bromatológico das gramíneas. Dessa forma, objetivou-se com esse trabalho avaliar o valor bromatológico de gramíneas tropicais cultivadas em condições de ambiente protegido, submetidas a diferentes tensões de água no solo. Foram realizados três experimentos com as gramíneas Mombaça, Marandu e Tifton 85, onde cada qual, foi conduzida em um esquema de parcelas subdivididas, tendo nas parcelas os níveis do fator tensão de água no solo (20, 40, 50, 60 e 70 kPa) e nas subparcelas níveis 1º, 2º e 3º do fator corte, em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco repetições. Nas tensões de água no solo de 20 (Mombaça) e 50 kPa (Marandu e Tifton 85) as gramíneas expressaram seu máximo de valor nutritivo. Os maiores teores de PB foram obtidos nas gramíneas Mombaça e Tifton 85. Para as variáveis FDN e FDA o fator tensão de água no solo não foi significativo.Palavras-chave: proteína bruta, fibra, irrigação, forrageiras. BROMATOLOGY OF TROPICAL GRASSES UNDER DIFFERENT SOIL WATER TENSIONS IN PROTECTED ENVIRONMENT ABSTRACT:The irrigation is used to contain the effects of seasonality of production, ensuring a greater intensification of pasture production systems, thus contributing to the increase of production and the bromatological value of grasses. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the nutritive value of tropical grasses grown under protected environment conditions, subject to different soil water stresses. Three experiments, using Mombasa, Marandu and Tifton 85 grasses under a protected environment were carried out and each one was conducted in a subdivided plots scheme, with the levels of soil water tension factor (20, 40, 50, 60 and 70 kPa) and in the subplots levels 1, 2 and 3 of the cut factor, in a completely randomized design with five replicationss. At soil water stresses of 20 (Mombasa) and 50 kPa (Marandu and Tifton 85) the grasses expressed their maximum nutritive value. The highest CP levels were obtained in the Mombasa and Tifton 85 grasses. For the NDF and ADF variables, the soil water stress factor was not significant.Keywords: crude protein, fiber, irrigation, forages.
Tracking dinosaurs in BLM canyon country, Utah
Authors: Hunt-Foster ReBecca K. , Lockley Martin G. , Milner Andrew R.C. , Foster John R. , Matthews Neffra A. , Breithaupt Brent H. , Smith Joshua A. 
Published: July 2018

Although only recognized as a discrete stratigraphic unit since 1944, the Cedar Mountain Formation represents tens of millions of years of geological and biological history on the central Colorado Plateau. This field guide represents an attempt to pull together the results of recent research on the lithostratigraphy, chronostratigraphy, sequence stratigraphy, chemostratigraphy, and biostratigraphy of these medial Mesozoic strata that document the dynamic and complex geological history of this region. Additionally, these data provide a framework by which to examine the history of terrestrial faunas during the final breakup of Pangaea. In fact, the medial Mesozoic faunal record of eastern Utah should be considered a keystone in understanding the history of life across the northern hemisphere.
Following a period of erosion and sediment bypass spanning the Jurassic–Cretaceous boundary, sedimentation across the quiescent Colorado Plateau began during the Early Cretaceous. Thickening of these basal Cretaceous strata across the northern Paradox Basin indicate that salt tectonics may have been the predominant control on deposition in this region leading to the local preservation of fossiliferous strata, while sediment bypass continued elsewhere. Thickening of overlying Aptian strata west across the San Rafael Swell provides direct evidence of the earliest development of a foreland basin with Sevier thrusting that postdates geochemical evidence for the initial development of a rain shadow.
Optical Dimming of RW Aur Associated with an Iron-rich Corona and Exceptionally High Absorbing Column Density
Authors: Günther Hans Moritz , Birnstiel T. , Huenemoerder D. P. , Principe D. A. , Schneider P. C. , Wolk S. J. , Dubois Franky , Logie Ludwig , Rau Steve , Vanaverbeke Sigfried 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
RW Aur is a binary system composed of two young, low-mass stars. The primary, RW Aur A, has undergone visual dimming events (ΔV = 2–3 mag) in 2011, 2014–16, and 2017–2018. Visual and IR observations indicate a gray absorber that moved into the line of sight. This dimming is also associated with changes in the outflow. In 2017, when the optical brightness was almost 2 mag below the long-term average, we triggered a Chandra observation to measure the absorbing column density N
H and to constrain dust properties and the gas-to-dust ratio of the absorber. In 2017, the X-ray spectrum is more absorbed than it was in the optically bright state (

) and shows significantly more hot plasma than in X-ray observations taken before. Furthermore, a new emission feature at 6.63 ± 0.02 keV (statistic) ±0.02 keV (systematic) appeared, indicating an Fe abundance an order of magnitude above solar, in contrast with previous sub-solar Fe abundance measurements. Comparing X-ray absorbing column density N
H and optical extinction A

V
, we find that either the gas-to-dust ratio in the absorber is orders of magnitude higher than in the ISM, or the absorber has undergone significant dust evolution. Given the high column density coupled with changes in the X-ray spectral shape, this absorber is probably located in the inner disk. We speculate that a breakup of planetesimals or a terrestrial planet could supply large grains, causing gray absorption; some of these grains would be accreted and enrich the stellar corona with iron, which could explain the inferred high abundance.
SETI with Gaia: The Observational Signatures of Nearly Complete Dyson Spheres
Authors: Zackrisson Erik , Korn Andreas J. , Wehrhahn Ansgar , Reiter Johannes 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
A star enshrouded in a Dyson sphere with a high covering fraction may manifest itself as an optically subluminous object with a spectrophotometric distance estimate significantly in excess of its parallax distance. Using this criterion, the Gaia mission will in coming years allow for Dyson sphere searches that are complementary to searches based on waste-heat signatures at infrared wavelengths. A limited search of this type is also possible at the current time, by combining Gaia parallax distances with spectrophotometric distances from ground-based surveys. Here, we discuss the merits and shortcomings of this technique and carry out a limited search for Dyson sphere candidates in the sample of stars common to Gaia Data Release 1 and Radial Velocity Experiment (RAVE) Data Release 5. We find that a small fraction of stars indeed display distance discrepancies of the type expected for nearly complete Dyson spheres. To shed light on the properties of objects in this outlier population, we present follow-up high-resolution spectroscopy for one of these stars, the late F-type dwarf TYC 6111-1162-1. The spectrophotometric distance of this object is about twice that derived from its Gaia parallax, and there is no detectable infrared excess. While our analysis largely confirms the stellar parameters and the spectrophotometric distance inferred by RAVE, a plausible explanation for the discrepant distance estimates of this object is that the astrometric solution has been compromised by an unseen binary companion, possibly a rather massive white dwarf (≈1 M
⊙). This scenario can be further tested through upcoming Gaia data releases.
New Evidence for the Dusty Wind Model: Polar Dust and a Hot Core in the Type-1 Seyfert ESO 323-G77*
Authors: Leftley James H. , Tristram Konrad R. W. , Hönig Sebastian F. , Kishimoto Makoto , Asmus Daniel , Gandhi Poshak 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Infrared interferometry of Seyfert galaxies has revealed that their warm (300–400 K) dust emission originates primarily from polar regions instead of from an equatorial dust torus as predicted by the classic AGN unification scheme. We present new data for the type 1.2 object ESO 323-G77 obtained with the MID-infrared interferometric Instrument and a new detailed morphological study of its warm dust. The partially resolved emission on scales between 5 and 50 mas (1.6–16 pc) is decomposed into a resolved and an unresolved source. Approximately 65% of the correlated flux between 8 and 13 μm is unresolved at all available baseline lengths. The remaining 35% is partially resolved and shows angular structure. From geometric modeling, we find that the emission is elongated along a position angle of 155° ± 14° with an axis ratio (major/minor) of 2.9 ± 0.3. Because the system axis is oriented in the position angle 174° ± 2°, we conclude that the dust emission of this object is also polar extended. A CAT3D-WIND radiative transfer model of a dusty disk and a dusty wind with a half opening angle of 30° can reproduce both the interferometric data and the SED, while a classical torus model is unable to fit the interferometric data. We interpret this as further evidence that a polar dust component is required even for low-inclination type 1 sources.
Comparison of the Extraplanar Hα and UV Emissions in the Halos of Nearby Edge-on Spiral Galaxies
Authors: Jo Young-Soo , Seon Kwang-il , Shinn Jong-Ho , Yang Yujin , Lee Dukhang , Min Kyoung-Wook 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
We compare vertical profiles of the extraplanar Hα emission to those of the UV emission for 38 nearby edge-on late-type galaxies. It is found that detection of the “diffuse” extraplanar dust (eDust), traced by the vertically extended, scattered UV starlight, always coincides with the presence of the extraplanar Hα emission. A strong correlation between the scale heights of the extraplanar Hα and UV emissions is also found; the scale height at Hα is found to be ∼0.74 of the scale height at FUV. Our results may indicate the multiphase nature of the diffuse ionized gas and dust in the galactic halos. The existence of eDust in galaxies where the extraplanar Hα emission is detected suggests that a larger portion of the extraplanar Hα emission than that predicted in previous studies may be caused by Hα photons that originate from H ii regions in the galactic plane and are subsequently scattered by the eDust. This possibility raise an advantage in studying the extraplanar diffuse ionized gas. We also find that the scale heights of the extraplanar emissions normalized to the galaxy size correlate well with the star formation rate surface density of the galaxies. The properties of eDust in our galaxies is on a continuation line of that found through previous observations of the extraplanar polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons emission in more active galaxies known to have galactic winds.
The Mass and Absorption Column Densities of Galactic Gaseous Halos. II. The High Ionization State Ions
Authors: Qu Zhijie , Bregman Joel N. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The high ionization state ions trace the hot gases in the universe, of which gaseous halos around galaxies are a major contributor. Following Qu & Bregman, we calculate the gaseous halo contribution to the observed column density distributions for these ions by convolving the gaseous halo model with the observed stellar mass function. The predicted column density distribution reproduces the general shape of the observed column density distribution—a broken power law with the break point at

for O vi. Our modeling suggests that the high column density systems originate from galaxies for which the virial temperature matches the temperature of the ionization fraction peak. Specifically, this mass range is

for O vi,

for Ne viii, and higher for higher ionization state ions (assuming

). A comparison with the observed O vi column density distribution prefers a large radius model, where the maximum radius is twice the virial radius. This model may be in conflict with the more poorly defined Ne viii column density distribution, suggesting that further observations are warranted. The redshift evolution of the high column density systems is dominated by the change of the cosmic star formation rate, which decreases from z = 1.0 to the local universe. Some differences at lower column densities between our models and observations indicate that absorption by the intragroup (cluster) medium and intergalactic medium is also a contributor to the total column density distributions.
Signatures of Solar Cycle 25 in Subsurface Zonal Flows
Authors: Howe R. , Hill F. , Komm R. , Chaplin W. J. , Elsworth Y. , Davies G. R. , Schou J. , Thompson M. J. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The pattern of migrating zonal flow bands associated with the solar cycle, known as the torsional oscillation, has been monitored with continuous global helioseismic observations by the Global Oscillations Network Group (GONG), together with those made by the Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI) on board the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) and its successor, the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), since 1995, giving us nearly two full solar cycles of observations. We report that the flows now show traces of the mid-latitude acceleration that is expected to become the main equatorward-moving branch of the zonal flow pattern for Cycle 25. Based on the current position of this branch, we speculate that the onset of widespread activity for Cycle 25 is unlikely to be earlier than the middle of 2019.
Collaboration interprofessionnelle jeune infirmière diplômée-assistante sociale : appels téléphoniques de préparation de la sortie de l’hôpital
Authors: González-Martínez Esther , Bulliard Corinne 
Published: July 2018

Introduction : à l’hôpital, la sortie de patients ayant besoin d’une prise en charge à domicile ou en structure d’accueil s’organise en interprofessionnalité, notamment par des appels téléphoniques entre infirmières et assistantes sociales. Contexte : la collaboration infirmière-assistante sociale lors de la préparation de la sortie est traversée par des tensions susceptibles de s’accentuer lors d’appels avec de jeunes infirmières diplômées. Méthode : étude sociologique dans un hôpital de soins aigus en Suisse francophone, basée sur l’analyse de conversations téléphoniques jeune infirmière diplômée-assistante sociale, ainsi que sur des observations, des entretiens et du recueil de documentation. Résultats : la préparation de la sortie est traversée par des tensions en rapport avec la temporalité de la préparation et la prise en charge demandée. Les appels téléphoniques sont des espaces d’apprentissage pour la jeune infirmière au sujet de la manière de présenter les cas, les procédures à suivre et les logiques des acteurs concernés. Discussion : l’étude confirme la nécessité de préparer les jeunes infirmières à la collaboration avec les assistantes sociales au sujet de la préparation des sorties, à l’école ainsi que sur les lieux de travail. Conclusion : des recherches documentant des pratiques réelles de travail apportent des clés pour les perfectionner.
Les obstacles et les facilitateurs à l’utilisation de l’évaluation du risque de violence auprès des personnes ayant des troubles mentaux : perceptions du personnel soignant
Authors: Souli Intissar , Vandyk Amanda , Versailles Dania , Marcoux Isabelle , Salvador Ann , Peterson Wendy E. , Hu Jiale , Stacey Dawn 
Published: July 2018

L’évaluation quotidienne du risque de violence a été définie comme étant une intervention efficace pour la gestion de la violence dans les services de santé mentale. But de la recherche : évaluer l’utilisation d’un outil d’évaluation du risque de violence par le personnel soignant dans une unité de santé mentale ainsi que les facilitateurs et des obstacles à l’utilisation de ce dernier. Méthodes : une étude descriptive s’inspirant de l’approche de Dillman et guidée par le modèle de transfert des connaissances à la pratique a été réalisée. Résultats : vingt-six professionnels de santé ont répondu au questionnaire ; 62 % ont affirmé qu’ils avaient déjà utilisé l’outil d’évaluation disponible dans leur unité, mais non de façon quotidienne. Des obstacles liés au manque de connaissances de l’outil, au manque de ressources et de temps, ainsi qu’aux attitudes négatives envers les patients ont été décelés. Quarante-deux pour cent des participants ont exprimé le désir d’avoir une formation sur l’évaluation du risque de violence. Conclusion : malgré la forte exposition à la violence, les professionnels de la santé n’effectuaient pas l’évaluation quotidienne de risque. L’identification des barrières et des facilitateurs assure une direction pour les interventions nécessaires pour accroître l’utilisation quotidienne des outils d’évaluation des risques.