bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cerebrospinal Fluid Presepsin as a Marker of Nosocomial Infections of Central Nervous System
Authors: Abudeyev S. A. , Kiselyov K. V. , Parinov O. V. , Udalov Yu. D. , Zabelin M. A. , Samoylov A. S. , Popugayev K. A. 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT Introduction Nosocomial infection of the central nervous system (NI-CNS) is a serious complication in neurocritical patients that leads to deterioration of patient’s condition, worsening of outcomes and increased cost of treatment. The timely diagnosis of NI-CNS is a relevant problem and the search for new reliable markers of NI-CNS is an important issue.MATERIAL AND METHODS The prospective observational study consisted of two parts. The aim of the frst part was to defne normal ranges of cerebral spinal presepsin (CSF PSP). The aim of the second part was investigation of CSF PSP in neurocritical patients. We studied CSF sampling obtained during spinal anesthesia for elective urologic surgery in order to defne the normal CSF PSP. The following data was collected in neurocritical patients: CSF cell count, glucose, lactate, PSP, microbiological tests, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), when it was possible. Blood tests included complete blood count, C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), PSP. IBM SPSS Statistics (version 23.0) was used for statistical analysis.RESULTS Fifteen CSF samplings were obtained for investigation of normal CSF PSP ranges, which was 50–100 pg/ml. Nineteen neurocritical patients were included. Sixty-three pairs of CSF and blood samplings were obtained. All pairs were divided into the 4 groups in accordance with presence/absence of NI-CNS or systemic infection. In cases without both NI-CNS and systemic infection (group 4) CSF PSP was 406±203.1 pg/ml. In cases without NI-CNS and with systemic infection (group 2) CSF PSP was 614.9±315 pg/ml. In cases with NI-CNS and without systemic infection (group 3) CSF PSP was 547.8±264.3 pg/ml. In cases with both NI-CNS and systemic infection (group 1) CSF PSP was 731.1±389.7 pg/ml. The ROC analysis showed that in neurocritical patients without systemic infection CSF PSP 537 pg/ml meant NI-CNS with sensitivity 68.8% and specifcity 85.7%.CONCLUSION The normal value of the CSF PSP is 50-100 pg/ml. CSF PSP more than 537 pg/ml in neurocritical patients without systemic infection meant NI-CNS with 688% sensitivity and 857% specifcity. CSF PSP may be used for diagnosing NI-CNS in neurocritical patients as an additional marker only. CSF may be used as an additional diagnostic criterion, but further research is needed.
Evaluation of recovery of limb function by use of force plate gait analysis after tibial plateau leveling osteotomy for management of dogs with unilateral cranial cruciate ligament rupture
Authors: Amimoto Hirokazu , Koreeda Tetsuaki , Wada Naomi 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate recovery of limb function by use of gait force analysis after tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) in dogs with unilateral cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) rupture.

ANIMALS
19 dogs with unilateral CrCL rupture treated with TPLO.

PROCEDURES
Force plate gait analysis was performed before and 1, 2, 4, and 7 months after TPLO. Ground reaction forces (GRFs; which comprised peak vertical force [PVF], vertical impulse [VI], peak braking force, braking impulse, peak propulsion force [PPF], and propulsion impulse), time to switching from braking to propulsion, and vector magnitude at PVF in the forelimbs and hind limbs were evaluated.

RESULTS
GRFs in the affected hind limb were significantly lower than in the contralateral hind limb before TPLO. These variables, except for PPF, were not significantly different 7 months after TPLO. Time to the switching point in the affected hind limb was significantly less from before to 2 months after TPLO. Vector magnitude at PVF had a similar pattern as PVF and VI during the recovery process. The PVF in the ipsilateral forelimb was significantly higher than in the contralateral forelimb before TPLO.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
A similar pattern was detected between PVF or VI and craniocaudal force during recovery of dogs that underwent TPLO. Rupture of he CrCl resulted in a decrease in GRFs in the affected hind limb as well as in the switching point and PVF of limbs. However, weight distribution for the craniocaudal force was normalized before PVF or VI. Vector magnitude at PVF might be effectively evaluated by combining vertical force and craniocaudal force.
Åland churches as archives of tree-ring records sensitive to fluctuating climate
Authors: Helama Samuli , Bartholin Thomas S. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Tree-ring chronologies provide high-resolution late Quaternary palaeoclimatic data. An important aim of tree-ring research is to extend the chronologies back in time, before the period covered by old living trees. Tree-ring material from historic buildings offers an opportunity to develop long chronologies that, in some regions, may cover the period of the past millennium. Such materials have remained in conditions favourable to preservation and can be used to date the construction timber by means of dendrochronology. Apart from dating, tree-ring data may prove valuable in interpreting past climatic conditions. Here we analyse the data of 111 Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) tree-ring series from the Åland Islands in south-western Finland. In so doing, we illustrate the variation of wetness and drought in the region over a historical time frame (1057–1826). Non-climatic trends were removed from these series using alternative types of detrending procedures. Tree-ring chronologies constructed from the same raw data but using different types of detrending methods agreed on annual to subcentennial scales. The chronologies produced using regional curve standardization (RCS), preferably combined with implementation of a signal-free approach, were comparable with previously published sedimentary and tree-ring evidence from the same region. While non-RCS methods are effective in removing non-climatic information from the chronology, they also resulted in removal of the long-term variation (low-frequency), which did, at least in our data, represent the palaeoclimatic signal common to different types of proxy records. These records, including our data and those of gridded reconstructions developed previously as the Old World Drought Atlas, agreed in indicating dry conditions over the pre-1250 period and around the mid-15th century. The Åland chronology is characterized by notable fluctuations in the availability of tree-ring samples; the periods with low sample replication probably pinpoint years when large construction projects were suspended on these islands.
The conceptual structure of evolutionary biology: A framework from phenotypic plasticity
Authors: Martins Rogério Parentoni 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
In this review, I approach the role of phenotypic plasticity as a key aspect of the conceptual framework of evolutionary biology. The concept of phenotypic plasticity is related to other relevant concepts of contemporary research in evolutionary biology, such as assimilation, genetic accommodation and canalization, evolutionary robustness, evolvability, evolutionary capacitance and niche construction. Although not always adaptive, phenotypic plasticity can promote the integration of these concepts to represent some of the dynamics of evolution, which can be visualized through the use of a conceptual map. Although the use of conceptual maps is common in areas of knowledge such as psychology and education, their application in evolutionary biology can lead to a better understanding of the processes and conceptual interactions of the complex dynamics of evolution. The conceptual map I present here includes environmental variability and variation, phenotypic plasticity and natural selection as key concepts in evolutionary biology. The evolution of phenotypic plasticity is important to ecology at all levels of organization, from morphological, physiological and behavioral adaptations that influence the distribution and abundance of populations to the structuring of assemblages and communities and the flow of energy through trophic levels. Consequently, phenotypic plasticity is important for maintaining ecological processes and interactions that influence the complexity of biological diversity. In addition, because it is a typical occurrence and manifests itself through environmental variation in conditions and resources, plasticity must be taken into account in the development of management and conservation strategies at local and global levels.
Indonesian Students' Reasons for Choosing to Study Nursing: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Gunawan Joko , Aungsuroch Yupin , Sukarna Ade , Nazliansyah Nazliansyah , Efendi Ferry 
Published: April 2019

Many Indonesian nurses face uncertain placement owing to the low absorptive capacity of the public and private sector health facilities, which may influence new students to choose nursing as a career. Thus, determining studentsâ€™ reasons for choosing to study nursing remains important to help nursing educators develop programmes to retain them in the nursing profession. This study aimed to determine why new students choose to enter the nursing profession. This was a phenomenological study using focus group discussions with twenty nursing diploma students who were selected to participate in this study at the beginning of their first year of study. VanÂ Manenâ€™s thematic analysis method was used for the data analysis. The findings revealed five themes associated with the reasons to study nursing among Indonesian students, namely (i)Â conscience to help family and others, (ii)Â inspiration by nurses, (iii)Â desire to improve the nursing image, (iv)Â parental and family influence, and (v)Â opportunities to work and study abroad. These findings help nursing educators to further understand what drives students, which can be used to improve retention strategies for upcoming and future nursing generations in Indonesia.
Wszystkie Kościoły poznają, że „JA JESTEM” jest sprawiedliwym sędzią czynów człowieka (Ap 2,18-29)
Authors: Daniła Tomasz 
Published: April 2019

Przedmiotem niniejszego artykułu jest uzasadnienie postawionej tezy: JA JESTEM jest sprawiedliwym sędzią czynów człowieka na podstawie Listu do Kościoła w Tiatyrze (Ap 2,18-29). W analizowanym tekście pojawia się temat dobrych i złych uczynków człowieka oraz odpłaty za nie ze strony Boga w postaci kary lub nagrody. To właśnie temat sądu nad człowiekiem stał się inspiracją do postawienia takiej tezy. Do wykazania prawdziwości powyższej tezy zastosowano metodę właściwą dla hebrajskiej retoryki semickiej. Posłużono się również współczesnymi komentarzami egzegetycznymi.W tym celu dokonano w punkcie pierwszym podziału tekstu na mniejsze jednostki wraz z uzasadnieniem tego podziału, wykazując strukturalne zależności wewnątrz każdej z nich.Drugi punkt zawiera opis każdej z części, a także zależności, jakie występują pomiędzy nimi w całym tekście z uwzględnieniem kompozycyjnym figur retorycznych. Dzięki temu możliwe było dostrzeżenie, iż poszczególne części odpowiadają sobie wzajemnie. To pozwoliło wysunąć wniosek, że tekst posiada budowę symetryczno-koncentryczną i możliwe było wskazanie części centralnej, w której jest wprost mowa o odpłacie za popełniane uczynki.W trzecim punkcie zostały podjęte wysiłki dotyczące interpretacji treści Listu. Ukazano w nim kontekst biblijny i kulturowy badanego tekstu, dokonano jego egzegezy, a następnie wyprowadzono teologię. W ten sposób możliwe jest odczytanie na nowo Listu do Kościoła w Tiatyrze – z większym zrozumieniem symboli w nim zawartych, jak też całym jego przesłaniem.
Biblijne podstawy katolickiego nauczania na temat nowej ewangelizacji w wymiarze prorockim
Authors: Sepioło Artur 
Published: April 2019

Nowa ewangelizacja u swoich początków związana jest ściśle z duchową intuicją Jana Pawła II. Dziś stanowi potężny nurt w praktyce pastoralnej wielu diecezji i rozpoznaje się w niej tchnienie Ducha Świętego odnawiające Kościół XXI w. (Mt 28,20b). Jest mocno osadzona w tradycji i w każdym aspekcie ma głębokie biblijne uzasadnienie. Ciągle aktualne wezwanie misyjne (Mt 28,19-20) nabiera nowego kształtu. Zmieniły się bowiem warunki zarówno wewnątrz, jak i na zewnątrz Kościoła. Dobra Nowina, niezmienna co do treści (Ga 1,7a), jest głoszona z nową gorliwością (2 Kor 5,14), metodą (1 Tes 1,5a) i nowym sposobem wyrazu (Hbr 1,1-2a). Nowa ewangelizacja jest naglącym wezwaniem naszych czasów i nikomu nie godzi się trwać w bezczynności. Potrzeba więc przepełnionych pasją nowych ewangelizatorów, którzy jako uczniowie-misjonarze nigdy nie działają w pojedynkę i zdobywają nową wspólnotową mentalność. Naśladując św. Pawła, szukają oni coraz to nowych areopagów (Dz 17,22), napełnieni mocą Ducha Świętego posługują charyzmatami (Mk 16,20), a wierni metodzie Jezusa, jak apostołowie, stawiają słuchaczy przed decyzją wiary (Dz 2,37-38). Kościół katolicki czuje, że jego obowiązkiem jest znaleźć nowe narzędzia i nowy, dostosowany do współczesności, język, dzięki którym na „pustyniach świata” będzie można usłyszeć i zrozumieć słowa kerygmatu. Motywacją nowej ewangelizacji nie jest zło tego świata, lecz pielęgnowana w chrześcijańskim sercu nadzieja (1 P 3,15).
LAS IDEAS PEDAGÓGICAS DE JOSÉ MARTÍ. APORTES PARA UNA CRÍTICA DE LA ENSEÑANZA DE LA FILOSOFÍA.
Authors: Arpini Adriana 
Published: April 2019

Não se encontra nas Obras Completas de José Marti nenhum escrito sistemático sobre suas concepções de educação e filosofia, contudo e possível encontrá-las espalhadas em diversos textos: ensaios, crônicas, notas de jornais, discursos, cartas. Apesar disto, formam um conjunto coerente e articulado no qual se abordam os principais problemas pedagógicos com um olhar crítico e sustentado na realidade da America Latina e do Caribe. Este trabalho pretende esboçar uma sistematização dos principais problemas pedagógicos trabalhados pelo cubano com o propósito de contribuir com um olhar crítico sobre o ensino de filosofia na nossa América. Enfatizamos os seguintes pontos: a) a caracterização da concepção martiniana de educação, b) a distinção entre educação a partir da experiência prática e verbalismo, c) diferença entre o ensino do que foi a filosofia e a "experiência" filosófica, d) a importância do pensamento reflexivo e crítico e e) o valor do diálogo intercultural ou a importância de "avançar com todos".
EL COMPLEJO MUNDO DE LAS VALORACIONES Y EL PROBLEMA DE “EDUCAR EN VALORES”
Authors: Molina S. Leticia 
Published: April 2019

“¿Valoramos porque existen los valores o existen los valores porque valoramos?” En la búsqueda de respuesta para esta controversia, se aborda el problema axiológico sin descuidar el nexo entre el campo cognitivo y el desiderativo. Uno de los pensadores que guían la reflexión, Salazar Bondy, deja en claro que una cosa es el orden de lo deseado, cuestión que atañe al campo psicológico y otra es el orden de lo deseable correspondiente, éste sí, al ámbito de las valoraciones.
POR UMA HISTÓRIA DA FILOSOFIA DA EDUCAÇÃO DE JACQUES MARITAIN
Authors: Campos Névio De 
Published: April 2019

O problema deste artigo é discutir a origem dos escritos pedagógicos e alguns elementos da filosofia da educação de Jacques Maritain, privilegiando uma análise de natureza histórica (contextos de produção) e filosófica (análise das ideias pedagógicas). Apoia-se na discussão da História Intelectual para reconstituir os contextos da intervenção de Maritain, assim como a sua produção pedagógica – cuja síntese encontra-se na obra Rumos da Educação.
Sociology of Poverty and Sociological Assessment of the Poverty Alleviation Program
Authors: Bolshunov A. Ya. , Tyuriko A. G. 
Published: April 2019

Officially, the poverty line in Russia is tied to the subsistence minimum but from the sociological point of view, its linkage to the subsistence minimum is arbitrary. The subject of the research is social boundaries, social space of poverty. The purpose of the research was to formulate the principles of an approach to overcoming poverty as a social phenomenon. The paper attempts to outline the social space of poverty as an attribute (stigma) by which a person is placed in a specific exclusion space that forms the specific ethos of poverty and the poor man’s habitus preventing any attempts to climb out of poverty. Belonging to this space institutionalizes the poor as a “kind of people”, which is reflected in specific mechanisms of referencing and self-referencing of poverty expressed in the life-purpose deficits. “Combating poverty” implies the creation of participation institutions through which relations and processes of social differentiation, social participation and reference are withdrawn from the dictate of economic factors. It is concluded that the poverty alleviation program should take into account the social limology of poverty and include the development of participation practices and institutions that exclude the stigmatization of poverty and the transformation of the poor into the “kind of people”. Such institutions should provide the poor with ample opportunities to participate in the formation of elites (professional, intellectual, and political). It is particularly important that children, teenagers and young people have access to such practices and institutions because each generation produces and reproduces the “social topology” in which poverty forms a specific “exclusion space”.
The Russian Socio-Demographic Outlook: Problems and Solutions
Authors: Tkachenko A. A. 
Published: April 2019

The subject of the research is the goals and targets of the Demography national project and related national and federal projects aiming to resolve the problems of the socio-demographic development of Russia, primarily, elimination or at least reduction of poverty of a significant part of the country’s population. The purposes of the research were to identify and substantiate ways to solve socio-demographic problems defined in the national project, and estimate the scope of its financing planned by the Russian Federation Government. The paper proves that until now the lack of sufficient livelihood is monitored in Russia only by the absolute income poverty index, which makes it impossible to compare the poverty dynamics correctly in both time and space. The paper focuses on national projects aimed at increasing the human capital based on long-term forecasts of indicators to be achieved. It might happen that the planned significant contribution of the Russian Federation regions to the Healthcare national project will hamper the effective implementation of the Demography national project due to the lack of regional funds. It is proposed that reports on poverty reduction are submitted annually to the UNICEF to inform this international organization on measures taken to achieve the goal of twofold poverty reduction, particularly measures to ensure safe, healthy and happy childhood, in order to be aware of the poverty reduction progress. The issue of increasing life expectancy cannot be solved without taking measures specific for the male and female population. Therefore, the target statistics indicator ignoring the gender differences cannot be correct in respect of the entire population. It is concluded that if the national projects aimed at the human capital development have been implemented successfully the Russian socio-demographic policy will contribute to the growth of the economy.
The Ideal Family Model in the Eyes of Russians and a Strategy of Enhancing the Value of the Family Lifestyle
Authors: Kuchmaeva O. V. 
Published: April 2019

The relevance of the research work is due to the fact that the ideal family model strategy is becoming an integral component of the family and demographic policies. The need to revive the traditional family model and family values forms the conceptual basis for the government family strategy in Russia. However, in most cases, the measures taken by legislative and executive authorities to support the institution of the family do not rely on evidence-based results of empirical research. The subject of the research is the establishment of the value of family and family life in the system of life values of Russians. The purpose of the research was to identify the specific features of the attitude towards the family and the ideal family model in different population groups in Russia using the methods of multivariate statistical analysis. The results of the sample study conducted in the framework of the RFBR grant 15–02–00203 “Development of a methodology for statistical evaluation of demographic security in the context of globalization” covering 728 people constitute the information base of the paper. Data of demographic statistics and population censuses testify to the transformation of the family model and the demographic behavior of Russians. Families are differentiated by the number of children; nuclear families dominate in the family structure; with the growth of marriage birth rates in recent years, a significant proportion of children are born out of wedlock. The age of mothers giving birth tends to increase. The results of the study demonstrate the diversity of the views of Russians on a desired family model and suggest that the traditional family with clearly defined patriarchal intra-family roles does not gather majority support among Russians. The use of statistical analysis methods (factor analysis, two-stage cluster analysis, an objectives tree) made it possible to identify groups of characteristics reflecting traditional and modern family values. It is concluded that the choice of a desired family model is determined by the life strategy accepted by Russians. For a large part of Russians, the family is primarily a psychological haven. Meanwhile, in society there is a variety of opinions on the model of family life, and an effective family policy must take into account this diversity.
ANALISIS KOMUNIKASI INTERPERSONAL PETUGAS LAPANGAN KELUARGA BERENCANA (PLKB) DALAM KEIKUTSERTAAN AKSEPTOR KB MEDIS OPERATIF PRIA (MOP)
Authors: Yuliastuti Tita , Sidharta Yohanes Yulanda Trisula , Waru Tenri 
Published: April 2019

The low participation of man/husbands in Family Planning and Reproductive Health is basically caused by men's lack of understanding on the importance of ways to play a role in Family Planning and Reproductive Health, as well as the lack of knowledge and information on KB types of Men especially Vasectomy or Male Operative Medical (MOP) . This is reflected in the habit of the people who still tend to surrender the responsibility to the wife. With this situation the Government through PLKB socialize Family Planning program to the community in every region. Interpersonal Communication Method is considered the most effective to influence and invite the community to follow KB MOP. The purpose of this research is to know how the interpersonal communication done by Family Planning Extension Officer (PLKB) in the participation of KB MOP acceptors in Kumbi Hamlet of Pakuan Village, Narmada District, West Lombok regency. This research uses qualitative approach with descriptive method. Data collection is done by in-depth interview technique. In-depth interviews were conducted on one PLKB man, five people using KB MOP and five people who did not use KB MOP. The conclusions and results of this study indicate that the Interpersonal Communication conducted by PLKB in the participation of KB MOP acceptors in Kumbi Hamlet of Pakuan Village, Narmada District is by making home visits, using understandable language, using brochure or leaflet media, and approaching community leaders local. Keywords: Interpersonal Communication, PLKB, KB MOP