bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perbedaan pH Saliva Setelah Mengonsumsi Susu Sapi Murni dan Susu Sapi Bubuk
Authors: Seralurin Iriana T. , Wowor Vonny N.S. , Ticoalu Shane H.R. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Saliva is a complex oral fluid consisting of a mixture of secretion of the major and minor salivary glands in the oral mucosa with a normal pH of 5.6-7.0. There are several factors that can cause changes in the salivary pH, as follows: average saliva flow rate, oral microorganisms, salivary buffer capacity, and food and beverages oftenly consumed inter alia milk. Milk contains a lot of nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, minerals, and vitamins. This study was aimed to determine the difference of salivary pH after consuming pure cow milk and powdered cow milk, and to obtain the salivary pH after consuming pure cow milk or powdered cow milk. This was an experimental study using pretest-posttest study design. There were 38 respondents. Each respondent consumed pure cow milk or powdered cow milk. Decreased salivary pH was more dominant in respondents who consumed powdered cow milk. The Mann-Whitney test showed that there was a difference of salivary pH between after consuming pure cow milk and powdered cow milk (P=0.000). Conclusion: There was a significant difference in salivary pH between after consuming pure cow milk and powdered cow milk. Salivary pH showed bigger dicrease after consuming powdered cow milk than consuming pure cow milk.Keywords: salivary pH, pure cow milk, powdered cow milk Abstrak: Saliva merupakan cairan rongga mulut yang kompleks, terdiri atas campuran sekresi kelenjar saliva mayor dan minor yang terdapat dalam mukosa mulut dengan pH saliva berkisar 5,6-7,0. Beberapa faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan pada pH saliva antara lain rerata kecepatan aliran saliva, mikroorganisme rongga mulut, kapasitas bufer saliva, serta makanan dan minuman yang sering di konsumsi; salah satunya ialah susu. Susu mengandung banyak zat-zat makanan seperti karbohidrat, protein, mineral, dan vitamin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pH saliva setelah mengonsumsi susu sapi murni dan susu sapi bubuk, dan untuk mengetahui pH saliva setelah mengonsumsi susu sapi murni dan susu sapi bubuk. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental dengan pretest-posttest study design. Terdapat total 38 responden penelitian. Setiap responden mengonsumsi susu sapi murni atau susu sapi bubuk sebanyak 250ml. Pengukuran pH saliva dilakukan pada menit ke-5 setelah mengonsumsi susu sapi murni atau susu sapi bubuk. Uji Mann-Whitney menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan pH saliva setelah mengonsumsi susu sapi murni dan susu sapi bubuk (P=0,000). Penurunan pH saliva terbanyak terdapat pada responden yang meminum susu sapi bubuk. Simpulan: Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara pH saliva setelah mengonsumsi susu sapi murni dan susu sapi bubuk. Penurunan pH saliva setelah mengonsumsi susu sapi bubuk lebih besar dibandingkan setelah mengonsumsi susu sapi murni.Kata kunci: pH saliva, susu sapi murni, susu sapi bubuk
Xerostomia pada Usia Lanjut di Kelurahan Malalayang Satu Timur
Authors: Tawas Stevany A.D. , Mintjelungan Christy N. , Pangemanan Damajanty H.C. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Generally, in elderly there is a change in saliva composition due to the decreased production of saliva which leads to dry mouth or xersotomia. Clinically, a patient with dry mouth will feel dry on his/her lips and the mouth corners become irritated. This study was aimed to obtain the profile of xerostomia in the elderly at Kelurahan Malalayang Satu Timur. This was a descriptive study using a cross sectional design. This study was conducted in Kelurahan Malalayang Satu Timur. Samples of this study were obtained by using total sampling method. The study was performed on 35 peoples aged 60 to 75 years (according to WHO standard) as subjects. Salivary flow rate was measured with a measuring cup. The results showed that xerostomia was found in 87.5% of the subjects, more dominant in females (96.7%), and more frequent in the age group 65-69 years (66.7%). Conclusion: At Kelurahan Malalayang Satu Timur, xerostomia was more common in female elderly and age group 65-69 yearsKeywords: xerostomia, elderly Abstrak: Umumnya seseorang yang sudah memasuki usia lanjut akan mengalami perubahan dalam komposisi saliva akibat produksi saliva berkurang yang bermanifestasi sebagai xerostomia. Secara klinis pasien dengan xerostomia akan merasa kering pada bibir dan bagian sudut mulut mengalami iritasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran xerostomia pada kelompok usia lanjut di Kelurahan Malalayang Satu Timur. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode total sampling. Penelitian dilakukan di Kelurahan Malalayang Satu Timur. Terdapat 35 subyek usia lanjut dengan usia 60-75 tahun (menurut standar WHO). Pengukuran laju aliran saliva dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode spitting. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa xerostomia ditemukan pada 85,7% dari subyek. Jenis kelamin perempuan lebih dominan (96,7%) dan tersering pada rentang usia 65-69 tahun (66,7%). Simpulan: Pada kelompok usia lanjut di Kelurahan Malalayang Satu Timur xerostomia lebih sering terjadi pada yang berjenis kelamin perempuan dan usia 65-69 tahun.Kata kunci: xerostomia, usia lanjut
Nilai pH Saliva pada Buruh Perokok di Pelabuhan Bitung
Authors: Syukri Dwi M. , Suling Pieter L. , Mintjelungan Christy N. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Saliva is a complex fluid composed of a mixture of major and minor salivary glands in the oral cavity. The role of saliva is as a protective base between the lining of the oral cavity and toxins. Smoking can affect the physiological function of saliva because smoking destroys molecules in saliva that are useful in protecting the oral cavity, therefore, lack of sensitivity and changes in the sense receptor of taste occur. Saliva acidity setting includes protein, bicarbonate, and phosphate systems. This study was aimed to determine the salivary pH of the habitual smokers among the laborers at Bitung Port. This was an observational descriptive study using a cross sectional design. Respondents were 30 laborers (males and females) who were habitual smokers, aged 18-45 years old obtained by using purposive sampling technique. The results showed that 13 respondents (43.3%) had normal salivary pH (pH 6.4-7) and 17 respondents (56.7%) had basic salivary pH (pH >7). The average pH of all respondents was 7.18. Conclusion: Laborers who were habitual smokers at Bitung port had normal or basic salivary pH.Keywords: salivary pH, laborers, habitual smokers Abstrak: Saliva merupakan cairan mulut yang kompleks terdiri dari campuran sekresi kelenjar saliva mayor dan minor di dalam rongga mulut dan berperan sebagai pelindung basa antara lapisan mulut dan toksin. Saliva memiliki kemampuan dalam pengaturan derajat keasaman yang berperan penting dalam menjaga nilai pH di lingkungan mulut seseorang. Merokok dapat memengaruhi fisiologi saliva karena merokok dapat menghancurkan molekul dalam saliva yang berguna dalam melindungi rongga mulut sehingga akan menyebabkan kurangnya sensitivitas dan perubahan reseptor dari indra perasa. Pengaturan keasaman saliva meliputi sistem protein, bikarbonat, dan fosfat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pH saliva pada buruh perokok di pelabuhan Bitung. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif observasional dengan menggunakan desain potong lintang. Subjek penelitian ini ialah buruh perokok di pelabuhan Bitung dengan jenis kelamin laki-laki dan perempuan berusia 18-45 tahun. Terdapat 30 responden yang diperoleh dengan mengunakan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa 13 responden (43,3%) dengan pH saliva normal (pH berkisar 6,4-7), dan 17 responden (56,7%) dengan pH basa (pH >7). Nilai rerata pH responden sebesar 7,18. Simpulan: Buruh perokok di pelabuhan Bitung memiliki pH saliva normal atau basa.Kata kunci: pH saliva, buruh, perokok
Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Infeksi Silang pada Tindakan Ekstraksi Gigi di Poli Gigi Puskesmas Kakaskasen Tomohon
Authors: Lumunon Novita P. , Wowor Vonny N. S. , Pangemanan Damajanty H. C. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Prevention and control of infection are needed in dentistry treatment. Tooth extraction is an invasive treatment, therefore, it plays an important role in the transmission of infection. This study was aimed to determine the prevention and control of cross infection in dental extractions at the Dental Clinic of Kakaskasen Tomohon Health Center. This was a descriptive observational study with a cross sectional design. There were 40 patients as subjects, obtained by using purposive sampling method. Data were obtained by using the checklist sheet. The results showed that the prevention of cross infection before tooth extraction achieved 56,87%; during tooth extractions 78%; and after tooth extraction 66,7%. In general, the prevention and control of cross-infection in dental extractions at the health center achieved 67.19%. Conclusion: The prevention and control of cross infection in dental extractions at the Dental Clinic of Kakaskasen Tomohon Health Center was still below maximum level.Keywords: prevention and control of cross-infection, tooth extraction action Abstrak: Pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi dibutuhkan dalam setiap tindakan perawatan di bidang kedokteran gigi. Tindakan ekstraksi gigi merupakan salah satu jenis tindakan invasif sehingga berisiko tinggi dalam penularan infeksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi silang pada tindakan ekstraksi gigi di Poliklinik Gigi Puskesmas Kakaskasen Tomohon. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif observasional dengan menggunakan desain potong lintang. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Terdapat 40 pasien sebagai subyek penelitian. Data diperoleh dengan menggunakan lembar checklist. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa tindakan pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi silang sebelum ekstraksi gigi dilakukan sebesar 56,87%; selama ekstraksi gigi sebesar 78%; dan setelah ekstraksi gigi sebesar 66,7%. Tindakan pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi silang secara umum sebesar 67,19%. Simpulan: Pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi silang pada tindakan ekstraksi gigi baik sebelum, selama, dan sesudah tindakan di Poliklinik Gigi Puskesmas Kakaskasen Tomohon belum maksimal.Kata kunci: Pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi silang, tindakan ekstraksi gigi
KONTRIBUSI TERNAK SAPI SEBAGAI ALAT TRANSPORTASI OLEH PETANI KEBUN KELAPA DI KECAMATAN JAILOLO KABUPATEN HALMAHERA BARAT
Authors: Panawa Albert , Lainawa J , Lenzun G D , Elly F H 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT CONTRIBUTION OF CATTLE AS THE TRANSPORTATION INSTRUMENT OF FARMERS ON COCONUT PLANTATION AT JAILOLO DISTRICT, WEST HALMAHERA REGENCY. Total of cattle at Jailolo district in year of 2013 were 3,410 heads and bred traditionally by household farmers. Cattle at Jailolo district were used by household farmer as transportation instrument around plantation areas. The problem was that cattle contribution on farmer income as transportation instrument had not been evaluated. The objective of this study was to evaluate cattle contribution on farmer income as transportation instrument in coconut plantation. Research was done using survey method. Data were found from household farmers and found from related offices. Samples of villages were taken using purposive sampling. Household farmers were defined using simple random sampling involving 30 samples. Results showed that cattle as transportation instrument contributed work time period of 1,284 hours per period of plantation including coconut, banana and nutmeg production. Transportation instrument involving cattle contributed household income of Rp. 23,095,000 or 8,21 percents of the total household income per production period of coconut plantation. Key words: Transportation instrument, Cattle, Household farmers, Income contribution, Jailolo district, West Halmahera Regency.
DESKRIPSI TINGKAH LAKU TANGKASI ( Tarsius Spectrum ) SAAT MEMASUKI DI LUBANG SARANG POHON DI CAGAR ALAM TANGKOKO
Authors: Urulamo Jemi , Kiroh H. J. , Hendrik Manopo , Buyung J. R. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT DESCRIPTION OF TANGKASI BEHAVIOR (Tarsius Spectrum) WHEN ENTERING THE HOLE NEST TREE IN TANGKOKO NATURE RESERVE. Tarsier in Tangkoko Nature Reserve Batuangus many inhabit cavities in trees or root piles. Tarsier nest is a place that is safe from predators. This study aims to obtain data regarding some behavior that appears when Tarsier Tarsius activity around the nest tree at Tangkoko Nature Reserve. To determine the percentage of respective behavior that tarsiers in the show in the morning, afternoon and evening. The variables measured were some behaviors that arise between them. Grooming behavior, resting behavior, seeking shelter behavior, play behavior, data were analyzed and presented in a descriptive, which describes and explains the general description of the results of direct observations, the results showed that more Tangkasi doing grooming on morning with a percentage of 37.15%. during the day with a percentage of 31.19% early evening with a percentage of 31.19%. Tangkasi resting behavior is most prevalent during the day ie 38.70%. At night with a percentage of 32.25%, in the afternoon with 29.03% percentage. Sheltering behavior more activity in the morning with a percentage of 38.07% and the time of day with the percentage of 33.02%. While in the afternoon with a percentage of 28.89% behavior played almost evenly in each time. On the morning after finished foraging Tangkasi playing with percentage of 30, 18%, and the percentage of time during the day with 32.88% and a maximum in the late afternoon with a percentage of 37.38%. Keywords: Behavior Tangkasi (Tarsius spectrum)
SEXING BERDASARKAN MORFOLOGI BURUNG PUYUH (Coturnix coturnix japonica)
Authors: Tumbilung Winda , Lambey L. , Pudjihastuti E. , Tangkere E. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT JAPANESE QUAIL (Coturnix coturnix japonica) SEXING BASED ON MORPHOLOGY. The purpose of this research was to determine the success of sexing if done earlier. This research was conducted in the cages of a quail farm from April 1st 2014 until May 18th 2014. The materials used were 110 male and female day old quails for the first repetition and 100 male and female day old quails for the second repetition, commercial feed CP 11, vitastress. The equipments used in this research were 60 watt light bulb, brooder, digital scale, and a digital camera.The observation was conducted from the first day when the quails just hatched until the quails were 3 weeks of age. The data were analayzed in a descriptive way. The results showed that sexing morphologically can be done in day one with a success rate of 92,72%. Keywords : Quails, sexing, morphology
KECERNAAN ENERGI, PROTEIN, DAN MINERAL KALSIUM DAN FOSFOR KUDA PACU MINAHASA YANG DIBERI PAKAN LOKAL DAN IMPOR
Authors: Mende Inggrit Shinta , Tulung Y. L.R. , Umboh J. F. , Kaunang W. B. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT ENERGY, PROTEIN, AND MINERAL CALCIUM AND PHOSPHORUS DIGESTIBILITY OF RACE HORSES CONSUMED LOCAL AND IMPORTED FEEDSTUFFS. An experiment was conducted to determine the ability of race horse in digesting either local or imported feedstuffs used mostly by race horse owner in Minahasa. The digestibility of nutrients is a determinant factor in feedstuffs or diet quality consumed by horses. Therefore, a study on determining the digestibility of feedstuffs is really needed because the rate of digestibility can be used as an indicator of how much nutrients in feedstuffs can be digested in the gastrointestinal tract. The present study was conducted using survey method. Data was collected using interview and direct observation on the race horses farmer’s location. Data collected was: type and amount of diets (forage and concentrate) given to the horses, and amount of faeces (g.head-1.day-1), and 30 samples, 15 horses each using local feedstuffs, and 15 samples (horses) using imported feedstuffs. Data was statistically analyzed using t test. Research results showed that energy, protein, calcium, and phosphorus digestibility of imported feedstuffs significantly higher (P < 0,05) than local feedstuffs. It can be concluded that digestibility of imported feedstuffs is still better than local feedstuffs. Keywords: Digestibility, Energy, Protein, Calcium (Ca), Phosphorus (P), Race Horses, Imported Feedstuffs, Local Feedstuffs.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN BEBERAPA JENIS FILLER TERHADAP SIFAT FISIK CHICKEN NUGGET AYAM PETELUR AFKIR
Authors: Komansilan Sylvia 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT THE INFLUENCE OF THE USE OF VARIOUS FILLERS TOWARDS THE PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OFCHICKEN NUGGET. The objectives in this research is to observe and study the fillers that vary in producing the formulation of chicken nugget which were received by the consumers observed from the physical. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Animal Science Sam Ratulangi University Manado, The Laboratory of Nutrient College Manado and The Laboratory of Agliculture Sam Ratulangi University Manado. The material used in this research was meat and fat of non-productive layer (culled) as much as 6400 gram, devided into 16 samples, each sample weighed 100 gram fat and 300 gram meat. The research was carried out through an experient, a completely randomized design with four replications . The fillers Used in this treatment are; T1 (Sago), T2 (Tapioka) T3 (Maizena), T4 (Glutten Rice). The Quality ofchicken nugget according to the parameter ini this research was as follows; the phsycal characteristic (Water Holding Capasity, Tenderness and cooking loss). From the result of this research it was concluded that the filler which used tapioca (T2) and Sago (T1), had produced chicken nugget which was much better, compared to the use of maizena (T3), glutten rice flour (T4), and generally accepted by the consumers, supported by their characteristics. Keyword: Influence, Filler, Chicken Nugget, Laboratory
ANALISIS KEUNTUNGAN USAHA PUPUK ORGANIK DI PERUSAHAN CV. ARGONIAGA MANDIRI KECAMATAN BINTAUNA
Authors: Lantapa Rivaldi , Manese M. A.V , Wantasen E. , Oroh F. N.S 
Published: July 2019

PROFIT ANALYSIS OF ORGANIC FERTILIZER BUSINESS IN CV AGRONIAGA MANDIRI SUB-DISTRICT BINTAUNA. The purpose of this study was to determine the company profits per year. This research was done at CV Agroniaga Mandiri as the only company that produces organic fertilizer in the Bintauna Sub-district, North Bolaang Mongondow Regency. Data collected consist of primary data and secondary data. The primary data were collected by interview with questions list or quetionnaire, while secondary data were obtained from government agency that related with this research such as Department of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry of North Bolaang Mongondow. Data were analyzed with profit function method. The results showed that the total cost of production, revenue and profit of organic fertilizer business that obtained by CV Agroniaga Mandiri sequentially Rp. 259, 294,100 / year, Rp.405,000,000/year and Rp.145,705,900/year. Key words: Profit, organic fertilizer
PENGARUH LAMA PERENDAMAN MENGGUNAKAN CUKA SAGUER TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KUALITAS FISIK DAGING ENTOK (Chairina moschata)
Authors: Jengel Erlita N. , Sondakh E. H.B. , Ratulangi F. S. , Palar C. K.M. 
Published: July 2019

THE EFFECT OF MARINATING TIME USING CUKA SAGUER ON PHYSICAL QUALITY INCREASING OF ENTOK MEAT (Chairina Moschata). This study aims to determine of physical quality of entok meat after marinating with cuka saguer. Cuka saguer using to soak meat in this research was obtained from fermentated yield of fluid from enau tree. The marinated meat in this research was entok meat. This experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design consisted of five treatments as followed R0 entok meat was without marinated , R1 entok meat was marinated for 20 minutes, R2 entok meat was marinated for 40 minutes, R3 entok meat was marinated for 60 minutes, R4 entok meat was marinated for 80 minutes and each treatment was conducted four times replication. If occur significant in analysis of variance so the average comparing was followed by DMRT test. The result showed The marinated entok meat using cuka saguer was significantly on pH and water holding capacity (WHC), while texture of meat no significant. In conclusion, the soaking time for 20 minutes with cuka saguer can be used to soak entok meat because able to maintain texture of meat and to increase WHC at the condition of pH normal. Keywords: entok meat, cuka saguer, physical quality of meat
PENGARUH PENDAPATAN TERHADAP KONSUMSI DAGING BABI DI KECAMATAN WANEA KELURAHAN RANOTANA WERU
Authors: Keintjem Ridel . , Oley F. S. , Lensun G. D. , Pandey J 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT INCOME EFFECT ON CONSUMPTION OF PORK IN WANEA DISTRCT RANOTANA WERU VILLAGE This study aims to determine the effect of family income to the consumption of pork and substitutes, in Wanea district, Ranotana Weru village. The survey method used to obtain secondary data and primary data. Samples were obtained by purposive sampling, and to get answers from the purpose of this study, the formula of multiple regression analysis is used: C = b0 + b1 x1 + b2 x2 + b3 x3, and obtained the analysis of the influence of family income on the consumption of pork in Ranotana Weru village as the following: C = 59.44 + 1.38 (x1) + 0,018 (x2) + 4.97 (x3) R2 = 0.95. From the results of the equation, the value of the intercept of 59.44 indicates that no change in the price of pork, the price of substitutes and without changes in income, then the people in Ranotana Weru village keep eating pork amounted to 59.44 grams (per person?). See the regression coefficient value of the price of pork of 1.38, meaning in any increase in the price of pork Rp 1.000, the consumption of pork decreased by 1.38 grams (per person?), Seethe price regression coefficient value of substitutes0.018, means any increase in the price of substitutes Rp 1.000, the substitution of consumption goods rose by 0,018 grams. See the earnings darai regression coefficient 4.97, meaning any increase in revenue to Rp 1.000, the consumption of pork will rise by 4.97 grams and R2 value of 0.95 indicates that variations in rise and fall of the consumption of pork and substitutes at 95 % influenced by factors family income and sisnya 5% influenced by other factors not included in the model equations. Family income significantly affect the consumption of pork and substitutes in the village ranotana Weru. This is evidenced by the results of the t test of 0.786 is smaller than Ttabel 2,000. Keywords: Income, consumption of pork, substitutes