bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancement of the Plant‐Accessible Phosphate Fraction in Sewage Sludge Ashes by Na+ or K+ Addition Prior to Combustion
Authors: Bier‐Schorr Lorenz , Gräser Viktoria , Scherer‐Lorenzen Michael , Hajek Peter , Kurz Philipp 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWith the aim of transforming sewage sludge into a P‐fertiliser material in a single combustion step, the chemical processes underlying sewage sludge combustion were analysed using powder X‐ray diffraction (P‐XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR), thermogravimetric (TGA) as well as elemental analyses (EA). In addition to the combustion of sewage sludge on its own (“mono‐combustion”), additions of different additives prior to the combustion step were also carried out. Based on the very positive effects of the additives sodium and potassium carbonate on the obtained ashes concerning their phosphate solubilities in neutral ammonium citrate (NAC) solution, sewage sludge combustions after additions of Na2CO3 or K2CO3 were investigated in detail. We found that these additions altered the main phosphate‐containing product found in the ashes from whitlockite (Ca9(Mg,Fe)(PO3OH)(PO4)6), a hardly plant‐accessible species, to other phosphate containing compounds such as buchwaldite (CaNaPO4), which is known for a long time as a very good P–source for plants. Consecutive greenhouse experiments with maize (Zea mays L.) as test plant confirmed the results of the chemical analyses and demonstrated that Na‐ or K‐ashes obtained from a “co‐combustion” of sewage sludge mixed with alkali carbonates exhibit relative P‐fertilising efficiencies of up to ~80 % in comparison to commercial superphosphate, making these materials promising surrogate phosphate mineral sources for agricultural production.
Synergistic Interplay between Fe‐Based Perovskite Oxides and Co in Electrolyte for Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Inoue Yuta , Miyahara Yuto , Miyazaki Kohei , Lee Changhee , Sakamoto Ryo , Abe Takeshi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPerovskite oxides have been extensively investigated as active electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline solution. While the OER activity of some perovskite oxides is positively influenced by Fe ions in the electrolyte, the impact of other transition metal ions in the electrolyte remains unclear. In this study, we compared the influence of Co ions intentionally added to the electrolyte on the OER activities of two Fe‐based perovskite oxides (Ba0.5Sr0.5FeO3−δ and LaFeO3). While the OER activity of Ba0.5Sr0.5FeO3−δ is significantly enhanced by adding Co ions to the electrolyte, LaFeO3 showed little difference in the OER behavior between the Co‐free and Co‐containing electrolytes. In the case of Ba0.5Sr0.5FeO3−δ, an amorphous layer was formed, and the Co ions from the electrolyte were incorporated on the surface as a result of OER cycling. On the other hand, Co ions were also detected on the surface of LaFeO3, but its crystalline structure remains unchanged during the OER. Our study suggests that synergistic interplay between the perovskite oxides undergoing a structural transformation at the surface and transition metal ions in the electrolyte can improve the OER activity.
Optimized Design of Full‐Bridge LLC Planar Transformer Based on Variable‐Width Windings
Authors: Yi Mingjian , Yang Ru , Zhou Lebao , Yang Hong , Chen Dongli 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTTo address the issue of significant loss increase in planar transformers at high frequencies in LLC resonant converters, the winding width of the transformer was optimized. This design minimizes losses due to eddy currents and skin effects, thereby optimizing the transmission efficiency of the LLC resonant converter. This paper developed a mathematical model of the transformer windings, analyzed the losses in the windings and the core of the planar transformer, and summarized the design rules for three commonly used winding geometries. By determining the optimal winding width, the transformer losses were optimized. Using the finite element simulation software Maxwell3D, a 3D simulation model of the transformer was constructed. The simulation results were compared, and a 500‐W full‐bridge LLC prototype was built to validate the principles summarized in the paper.
Monolithically Integrated Quantum Dots in a 22‐nm Fully Depleted Silicon‐on‐Insulator Process Operating at 3 K
Authors: Bashir Imran , Sokolov Andrii , Wu Xutong , Giounanlis Panagiotis , Petropoulos Nikolaos , Leipold Dirk , Asker Mike , Esmailiyan Ali , Andrade‐Miceli Dennis , Haenlein Hans‐Christoph , McGeough Conor , Bogdan Staszewski Robert , Blokhina Elena 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTQuantum computers comprising large‐scale arrays of qubits will enable complex algorithms to be executed to provide a quantum advantage for practical applications. A prerequisite for this milestone is a power‐efficient qubit control and detection system operating at cryogenic temperatures. Implementing such systems in complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (CMOS) technology offers clear advantages in terms of scalability. Here, we present a fully integrated quantum dot array in which silicon quantum wells are co‐located with control and detection circuitry on the same die in a commercial 22‐nm fully depleted silicon‐on‐insulator (FDSOI) process. Our system comprises a two‐dimensional quantum dot array, integrated with 8 detectors and 32 injectors, operating at 3 K inside a cryo‐cooler. The power consumption of the control and detection circuitry is 2.5 mW per qubit without body biasing. The design utilizes 0.8‐V nominal devices. The setup allows us to verify discrete charge injection control and detection at the quantum dot array and demonstrate the feasibility of this architecture for scaling up the existing quantum core to hundreds and thousands of physical qubits.
Assessment of Serum FABP‐4 Levels in Hypothyroidism Patients: A Comparative Analysis With a Control Group and Their Correlation With Liver Function Tests and Biochemical Factors
Authors: Aldulaimi Mundher Mohammad Hamzeh , Shafiei Afsaneh , Ghorbani Somayeh , Mohammadzadeh Fatima , Khajeniazi Safoura 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe association of serum FABP4 and other biochemical‐related parameters is important to determine complications of hypothyroidism. This study aimed to evaluate serum FABP‐4 levels in hypothyroidism patients in comparison with a control group.Materials and MethodsForty‐five patients with hypothyroidism and 45 healthy volunteers were included in this study. Liver function tests, thyroid hormones panel, lipid profile and serum FABP‐4 levels were measured and compared in both groups, and their correlations were analysed.ResultsSerum FABP‐4 levels were significantly higher in patients with hypothyroidism compared to the control group (p = 0.002), and serum FABP‐4 level in males was higher than it in females (p = 0.022). There was a significant difference between patients with hypothyroidism and the control group in the levels of AST (p = 0.012). Moreover, serum FABP‐4 levels were negatively correlated with age (p = 0.016) and positively correlated with weight (p = 0.044).ConclusionIn our study, there was a notable increase in serum FABP‐4 concentration among hypothyroidism subjects. The data suggest that FABP‐4 could potentially be a superior diagnostic indicator for hypothyroidism when contrasted with a control cohort in future studies.
Dapagliflozin alleviates high‐fat‐induced obesity cardiomyopathy by inhibiting ferroptosis
Authors: Chen Di , Shi Jiahao , Wu Yue , Miao Lizhu , Wang Zilin , Wang Yixuan , Xu Siwei , Lou Yu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAim: Dapagliflozin (Dapa) is a novel hypoglycaemic agent with multiple cardiovascular protective effects, and it is widely used in treatment of heart failure patients, but whether it can improve obese phenotype of heart failure and its mechanism is still unclear. Ferroptosis is an iron dependent form of cell death and has been proved to be an important role in heart failure. The aim of this study is to determine whether Dapa improves obesity‐related heart failure by regulating ferroptosis in high‐fat diet rats. Methods and results: Male SD rats were fed a high‐fat diet for 12 weeks and confirmed of obese heart failure by metabolic parameters and cardiac ultrasound. Being overweight by 20% compared with the normal group, with elevated systolic blood pressure and abnormal levels of insulin and blood lipid (TG and LDL‐c), is recognized as obesity. The obese rats with reduced EF, FS, and E/A shown on ultrasound are defined as the obese heart failure (OHF) group. Histological tests confirmed the more pronounced cardiac fibrosis, mitochondrial volume and collagen deposition in OHF group. Dapa treatment effectively reduced body weight, INS, ISI/IRI index, TG and HDL‐C levels (P < 0.05). Also, Dapa administration can slightly decrease the SBP and DBP levels; however, there was no statistical difference among those four groups. Furthermore, Dapa treatment can significantly improve high‐fat induced systolic and diastolic dysfunction via regulating cardiac histological abnormalities, including less obvious mitochondrial swelling, muscle fibre dissolution and collagen deposition. Additionally, genes from the OHF group were used by GO enrichment analysis, and it shows that ferroptosis metabolic pathway participated in the development of obese phenotype of heart failure. More importantly, Dapa significantly inhibited Fe2+ and MDA levels (P < 0.05), but augmented GSH content (P < 0.05). In addition, the mRNAs and protein expression of some important regulators of ferroptosis, like GPX4, SLC7A11, FTH1 and FPN1, were all decreased after Dapa intervention. Conclusion: Dapa improved high‐fat induced obese cardiac dysfunction via regulating ferroptosis pathway.
A Micro‐Flow Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Method for the Quantification of Oxylipins in Volume‐Limited Human Plasma
Authors: He Bingshu , Ramautar Rawi , Beekman Marian , Slagboom P. Eline , Harms Amy , Hankemeier Thomas 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTOxylipins are well‐known lipid mediators in various inflammatory conditions. Their endogenous concentrations range from low picomolar to nanomolar, and there are growing demands to determine their concentrations in low‐volume matrices for pathological studies, including blood, cerebrospinal fluids from animal disease models, infants, and microsampling devices. Most of the published quantification methods for comprehensive profiling of oxylipins still require more than 50 µL plasma as a starting volume to detect these low levels. The aim of our study is to develop a sensitive and reliable method for the quantification of oxylipins in volume‐limited human plasma samples. We established and validated a micro–liquid chromatography (LC)–mass spectrometry (MS)/MS method that requires only 5 µL of human plasma for the determination of 66 oxylipins. The optimized micro‐LC–MS/MS method utilized a flow rate of 4 µL/min with a 0.3‐mm inner diameter column. With an injection volume of 3 µL, our method provides limits of detection in the range from 0.1 to 91.9 pM, and limits of quantification range from 0.3 to 306.2 pM. The sensitivity enhancement compared to conventional flow ranged from 1.4 to 180.7 times for 51 compounds depending on their physical–chemical properties. After validation, the method was applied to analyze 40 plasma samples from a healthy aging study to demonstrate robustness and sensitivity.
(Im)mobile intimacies: Commodities and marriage at the crossroads of Asia
Authors: Zhou Grace H. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis article follows traders and entrepreneurs that live and work between Kyrgyzstan and China's northwestern region of Xinjiang. Looking specifically at Islamic marriage and business partnerships forged between persecuted Uyghurs and their Uzbek partners, it argues that commodity‐mediated forms of transnational intimacy create spaces of safety and possibility in the face of political oppression, carceral violence, and gendered limitations. These transnational mobilities are forged in spite of structural immobilities. Taking seriously the imbrications of objects and people, it advances a view of intimacy as a multi‐scalar, trans‐subjective, and multiply entangled field of relationality.
Family Care Partner's Preparedness in Caring for Hospitalized Persons With Dementia
Authors: Paudel Anju , Al Harrasi Azza Mubarak , Kuzmik Ashley , Berish Diane , Yahaya Ahmed‐Rufai , Boltz Marie 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo examine care partner preparedness in caring for recently hospitalized persons with dementia and care partner characteristics associated with preparedness at discharge, 2 months, and 6 months post discharge.MethodsStepwise regression in a sample of 461 care partners of hospitalized persons with dementia who participated in the Fam‐FFC clinical trial.ResultsOn average, care partners were 61.81 years old (SD = 14.19) and primarily female (n = 334, 72.5%). Care partners reported having some preparedness in general and it increased from discharge (23.75, SD = 6.78) to 2 months (24.5, SD = 6.49) and 6 months (26.35, SD = 6.73). Multiple care partner characteristics were associated with preparedness at discharge [age (b = −0.071; p < 0.001), burden (b = −0.283; p < 0.001), and depression (b = −0.284; p < 0.01)], 2 months [burden (b = −0.226; p < 0.001), strain (b = −0.144; p < 0.05), depression (b = −0.185; p < 0.05)] and 6 months [burden (b = −0.164; p < 0.01), strain (b = −0.183; p < 0.05), depression (b = −0.279; p < 0.01)] post discharge. While care partners' feelings of greater burden and depression were associated with lower preparedness at all time points, care partners' higher age was associated with lower preparedness at discharge only and care partners' feelings of higher strain was associated with lower preparedness at two and 6 months post discharge.ConclusionFindings suggest the need to address care partners' feelings of burden, strain, and depression with tailored interventions and programs to optimize their preparedness in meeting unique care needs of hospitalized persons with dementia. Resilience‐based interventions and programs can be useful to manage feelings of burden, strain, and depression and optimize preparedness.
America's Health at a Crossroads: What Trump's Second Term Means for the Future
Authors: Correia Tiago , Novotny Thomas E. , McKee Martin 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIn this editorial, we explore the profound implications of Donald Trump’s re‐election on the U.S. health policy landscape. Recalling the lessons of his first term, marked by a contentious response to COVID‐19 and challenges in reducing healthcare costs, we assess the potential trajectories of his administration's health agenda. With a focus on deregulation, market‐based approaches, and possible shifts in public health infrastructure, the stakes are high not only for American citizens but also for global health. As Trump's policies unfold, both national and international audiences must confront a complex future that tests resilience, equity, and public trust in health governance.
Patterns of professional identity in school counselors: A latent profile analysis
Authors: Um Byeolbee , Li Dan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractUnderstanding school counselors’ professional identity development is important to promote positive work‐related outcomes and provide appropriate support for more quality school counseling services. The purpose of this study was to examine the patterns of professional identity in school counselors. As a result of latent profile analysis using a sample of school counselors (N = 343), we found five types of professional identity, including (1) Well‐Developed (n = 99; 28.9%), (2) High Competence (n = 53; 15.5%), (3) Moderate (n = 156; 45.5%), (4) Professionally Disconnected (n = 18; 5.2%), and (5) Vulnerable (n = 17; 5.0%). Based on the profiles, we identified significant differences in their work‐related attitudes and experiences (i.e., burnout, stress, job satisfaction, and years of school counseling experience), but there were no significant differences in demographics except for the American School Counselor Association membership. Implications and recommendations for counseling professionals are suggested.
Undergraduate general medicine education in Japan: A nationwide cross‐sectional survey of medical trainees' perspectives
Authors: Fujikawa Hirohisa , Tamune Hidetaka , Nishizaki Yuji , Shikino Kiyoshi , Shimizu Taro , Yamamoto Yu , Tokuda Yasuharu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe 2022 revised version of the Model Core Curriculum (MCC) for Medical Education in Japan includes “generalism” as a new expertise quality and ability, based on the results of surveys of experts in health professions education. However, the perspectives of medical trainees under the pre‐2022 MCC revision were under‐examined. Here, we investigated what these trainees felt they had learned about general medicine (GM)‐related topics.MethodsWe performed a nationwide cross‐sectional study using an anonymous online questionnaire, which was developed with reference to the 2022 revised MCC. The questionnaire consisted of 14 items. For all items, we asked, “Did you learn enough during medical school?” Respondents were asked to respond on a 5‐point Likert scale (from 1 = strongly disagree to 5 = strongly agree).ResultsThree hundred and eighty‐six participants (response rate 55.4%) were included in the analysis. For the item “Behavioral science,” the number of participants who chose “3 = neither agree nor disagree” was highest, at 171 (44.3%) and with an average of 3.28, indicating that this item was perceived as insufficiently studied. Approximately half of the participants chose “4 = agree” for all items other than “Behavioral science.”ConclusionsThe study suggested that behavioral science may be underlearned among medical trainees of the pre‐2022 MCC generation. Medical educators in Japan should formulate curricula in accordance with the 2022 revision MCC and improve curricula regarding behavioral science. Future research should survey the generation of trainees who receive 2022 revision MCC‐compliant medical education; comparison of results with those of this study would be valuable in examining the effects of the revised guideline and inform international medical educators.
Single Ended Read Decoupled High Stable 9T CNTFET SRAM for Low Power Applications
Authors: Elangovan M. , Akash E. , El‐Meligy Mohammed , Sharaf Mohamed 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIn wireless sensor networks, conserving power is vital for prolonging battery life. This research introduces a groundbreaking solution: a 9T carbon nanotube‐field effect transistor (CNTFET) based SRAM cell (9T SRAM) designed to optimize power consumption and stability. Through meticulous analysis, the performance of this 9T SRAM cell is quantified. Power consumption metrics reveal impressive figures: the write, hold, read, and dynamic power are measured at 0.21 nW, 0.32 nW, 15.28 μW, and 8.09 μW, respectively. Furthermore, the Write SNM (WSNM), Hold SNM (HSNM), and Read SNM (RSNM) are found to be 380.11, 390.22, and 390.31 mV, respectively, indicating robust stability. The proposed bit cell has a write and read delay of 95.1 and 39.6 pS, respectively. Incorporating stacked transistors diminishes power consumption, while the decoupled read technique boosts the stability of the proposed bit cell. By comparing these results with existing SRAM cells, the superiority of the proposed 9T SRAM cell in terms of power efficiency becomes evident. Notably, it outperforms earlier models, making it an ideal candidate for integration into wireless sensor networks. These findings are supported by simulations conducted using HSPICE, alongside a 32 nm CNTFET model sourced from Stanford University.
Investigating the role of electroanatomical mapping in single‐shot pulsed field catheter ablation
Authors: Kariki Ourania , Mililis Panagiotis , Saplaouras Athanasios , Efremidis Theodoros , Chatziantoniou Anastasios , Panagiotopoulos Ioannis , Dragasis Stylianos , Letsas Konstantinos P. , Efremidis Michael 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntroductionPulsed field ablation (PFA) is a form of nonthermal energy that has been recently introduced for pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). A multi‐electrode pentaspline catheter for delivery of PFA guided by fluoroscopy has become widely available for clinical use.Methods and ResultsIn this study, we aimed to assess whether the addition of electroanatomical mapping (EAM) for confirmation of PVI in the acute phase can increase the efficacy of the procedure in terms of arrhythmia recurrences. A total of 51 patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) scheduled for first time PVI were included in the study. Participants were assigned to receive PVI using fluoroscopy guidance only (Fluoro‐only group: 31 patients) or additional validation with EAM (EAM group: 20 patients). Endpoints included arrhythmia recurrence and procedural characteristics. During a 11.2 ± 1.3 months follow‐up period, arrhythmia recurrences did not statistically differ between groups (16.1% vs. 20%, p .72). Procedure time was longer in the EAM group (86.5 ± 11.4 vs. 78.4 ± 9.3 min, p .008). EAM revealed 5 nonisolated PVs that were re‐ablated using the same catheter. Four patients of the cohort underwent a redo‐procedure during the follow‐up period. In all 4 cases, at least one reconnected PV was identified.ConclusionIn a cohort of patients with AF undergoing first time PVI using a pentaspline PFA catheter, PVI validation with EAM did not lead to significantly different arrhythmia recurrence rates compared to PVI without EAM. In the acute phase, the rate of nonisolated PVs was low.
Harnessing Biocontrol Potential of Streptomyces rochei Against Pythium aphanidermatum: Efficacy and Mechanisms
Authors: Johnson Iruthayasamy , Kavitha Rangasamy , Karthikeyan Muthusamy , Paramasivan Mookkan , Priya Dhanabalan Shanmuga , Anandham Rangasamy , Nakkeeran Sevugapperumal 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTTomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and chilli (Capsicum annuum) are globally significant vegetable crops susceptible to damping‐off disease caused by Pythium aphanidermatum, leading to substantial yield losses. The study aimed to document the biocontrol and plant growth promotion potential of Streptomyces rochei against damping‐off disease in tomato and chilli. The actinobacterial isolates ACS18 followed by ACT30, and AOE12 were accomplished as the most effective antagonists against P. aphanidermatum in vitro. Molecular characterization confirmed these isolates as members of Streptomyces genus, with ASH 18 the top performer identified as S. rochei isolate. Analysis of biomolecule through GC‐MS during ditrophic interaction between pathogen and S. rochei showed the presence of various antifungal metabolites which were directly related to suppression of the pathogen. Subsequently, S. rochei was formulated into a talc‐based preparation and used as seed treatment and soil application against damping‐off. In greenhouse trials, significant reductions in damping‐off incidence were observed, Furthermore, seedlings treated with S. rochei displayed enhanced root and shoot lengths compared to the uninoculated controls. These benefits potentiate S. rochei as a promising biocontrol agent and demonstrating its dual benefits of disease suppression and promotion of seedling growth.