bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Age‐related changes in the gut microbiota influence systemic inflammation and stroke outcome
Authors: Spychala Monica S. , Venna Venugopal Reddy , Jandzinski Michal , Doran Sarah J. , Durgan David J. , Ganesh Bhanu Priya , Ajami Nadim J. , Putluri Nagireddy , Graf Joerg , Bryan Robert M. , McCullough Louise D. 
Published: May 2018

ObjectiveChronic systemic inflammation contributes to the pathogenesis of many age‐related diseases. Although not well understood, alterations in the gut microbiota, or dysbiosis, may be responsible for age‐related inflammation.MethodsUsing stroke as a disease model, we tested the hypothesis that a youthful microbiota, when established in aged mice, produces positive outcomes following ischemic stroke. Conversely, an aged microbiota, when established in young mice, produces negative outcomes after stroke. Young and aged male mice had either a young or an aged microbiota established by fecal transplant gavage (FTG). Mice were subjected to ischemic stroke (middle cerebral artery occlusion; MCAO) or sham surgery. During the subsequent weeks, mice underwent behavioral testing and fecal samples were collected for 16S ribosomal RNA analysis of bacterial content.ResultsWe found that the microbiota is altered after experimental stroke in young mice and resembles the biome of uninjured aged mice. In aged mice, the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (F:B), two main bacterial phyla in gut microbiota, increased ∼9‐fold (p < 0.001) compared to young. This increased F:B ratio in aged mice is indicative of dysbiosis. Altering the microbiota in young by fecal gavage to resemble that of aged mice (∼6‐fold increase in F:B ratio, p < 0.001) increased mortality following MCAO, decreased performance in behavioral testing, and increased cytokine levels. Conversely, altering the microbiota in aged to resemble that of young (∼9‐fold decrease in F:B ratio, p < 0.001) increased survival and improved recovery following MCAO.InterpretationAged biome increased the levels of systemic proinflammatory cytokines. We conclude that the gut microbiota can be modified to positively impact outcomes from age‐related diseases. Ann Neurol 2018;83:23–36
Metal‐ and Base‐Free Room‐Temperature Amination of Organoboronic Acids with N‐Alkyl Hydroxylamines
Authors: Sun Hong‐Bao , Gong Liang , Tian Yu‐Biao , Wu Jin‐Gui , Zhang Xia , Liu Jie , Fu Zhengyan , Niu Dawen 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWe have found that readily available N‐alkyl hydroxylamines are effective reagents for the amination of organoboronic acids in the presence of trichloroacetonitrile. This amination reaction proceeds rapidly at room temperature and in the absence of added metal or base, it tolerates a remarkable range of functional groups, and it can be used in the late‐stage assembly of two complex units.
Acylstannane: Spaltbare und hochreaktive Photoinitiatoren für radikalische Photopolymerisationen bei Wellenlängen über 500 nm mit exzellentem Photobleaching
Authors: Mitterbauer Moritz , Knaack Patrick , Naumov Sergej , Markovic Marica , Ovsianikov Alexandr , Moszner Norbert , Liska Robert 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn der vorliegenden Arbeit wird ein neuer Acylstannan‐basierter Photoinitiator (PI) präsentiert. Im Vergleich mit Acylgerman‐Initiatoren zeigt Tetrakis(2,4,6‐trimethylbenzoyl)stannan (1) herausragende Eigenschaften. Vor allem zeigt dieser Initiator Absorption bis 550 nm, was höhere Eindringtiefen in gefüllten Systemen ermöglicht. Zusätzlich zeigt Acylstannan 1 extrem hohe Aktivität bei der Initiierung von (Meth)acrylaten sowie sehr schnelles Photobleaching. Im Gegensatz zu vielen anderen Zinnorganylen zeigt 1 außerdem überraschend niedrige Zytotoxizität.
Designing Efficient and Ultralong Pure Organic Room‐Temperature Phosphorescent Materials by Structural Isomerism
Authors: Xiong Yu , Zhao Zheng , Zhao Weijun , Ma Huili , Peng Qian , He Zikai , Zhang Xuepeng , Chen Yuncong , He Xuewen , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: May 2018

AbstractPure organic materials with ultralong room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) are attractive alternatives to inorganic phosphors. However, they generally show inefficient intersystem crossing (ISC) owing to weak spin–orbit coupling (SOC). A design principle based on the realization of small energy gap between the lowest singlet and triplet states (ΔEST) and pure ππ* configuration of the lowest triplet state (T1) via structural isomerism was used to obtain efficient and ultralong RTP materials. The meta isomer of carbazole‐substituted methyl benzoate exhibits an ultralong lifetime of 795.0 ms with a quantum yield of 2.1 %. Study of the structure–property relationship shows that the varied steric and conjugation effects imposed by ester substituent at different positions are responsible for the small ΔEST and pure ππ* configuration of T1.
Investigation of Large Polychloride Anions: [Cl11]−, [Cl12]2−, and [Cl13]−
Authors: Sonnenberg Karsten , Pröhm Patrick , Schwarze Nico , Müller Carsten , Beckers Helmut , Riedel Sebastian 
Published: May 2018

AbstractFor decades the chemistry of polyhalides was dominated by polyiodides and more recently also by an increasing number of polybromides. However, apart from a few structures containing trichloride anions and a single report on an octachloride dianion, [Cl8]2−, polychlorine compounds such as polychloride anions are unknown. Herein, we report on the synthesis and investigation of large polychloride monoanions such as [Cl11]− found in [AsPh4][Cl11], [PPh4][Cl11], and [PNP][Cl11]⋅Cl2, and [Cl13]− obtained in [PNP][Cl13]. The polychloride dianion [Cl12]2− has been obtained in [NMe3Ph]2[Cl12]. The novel compounds have been thoroughly characterized by NMR spectroscopy, single‐crystal Raman spectroscopy, and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The assignment of their spectra is supported by molecular and periodic solid‐state quantum‐chemical calculations.
Development of 15 nuclear microsatellite markers in Deuterocohnia (Pitcairnioideae; Bromeliaceae) using 454 pyrosequencing
Authors: Zenk Fides Lea , Firmer Cynthia , Wöhrmann Tina , Silva Luciana Vicente da , Weising Kurt , Huettel Bruno , Paggi Gecele Matos 
Published: May 2018

Premise of the StudyMicrosatellite markers were developed in Deuterocohnia longipetala (Bromeliaceae) to investigate species and subspecies boundaries within the genus and the genetic diversity of natural populations.Methods and ResultsWe used 454 pyrosequencing to isolate 835 microsatellite loci in D. longipetala. Of 64 loci selected for primer design, 15 were polymorphic among 23 individuals of D. longipetala and 76 individuals of the heterologous subspecies D. meziana subsp. meziana and D. meziana subsp. carmineo‐viridiflora. Twelve and 13 of these loci were also polymorphic in one population each of D. brevispicata and D. seramisiana, respectively. Numbers of alleles per locus varied from two to 14 in D. longipetala, two to 12 in D. meziana, one to nine in D. brevispicata, and one to 10 in D. seramisiana. STRUCTURE analyses clearly separated the taxa from each other.ConclusionsThe 15 new microsatellite markers are promising tools for studying population genetics in Deuterocohnia species.
Brief Report: Whole‐Exome Sequencing to Identify Rare Variants and Gene Networks That Increase Susceptibility to Scleroderma in African Americans
Authors: Gourh Pravitt , Remmers Elaine F. , Boyden Steven E. , Alexander Theresa , Morgan Nadia D. , Shah Ami A. , Mayes Maureen D. , Doumatey Ayo , Bentley Amy R. , Shriner Daniel , Domsic Robyn T. , Medsger Thomas A. , Steen Virginia D. , Ramos Paula S. , Silver Richard M. , Korman Benjamin , Varga John , Schiopu Elena , Khanna Dinesh , Hsu Vivien , Gordon Jessica K. , Saketkoo Lesley Ann , Gladue Heather , Kron Brynn , Criswell Lindsey A. , Derk Chris T. , Bridges S. Louis , Shanmugam Victoria K. , Kolstad Kathleen D. , Chung Lorinda , Jan Reem , Bernstein Elana J. , Goldberg Avram , Trojanowski Marcin , Kafaja Suzanne , Maksimowicz‐McKinnon Kathleen M. , Mullikin James C. , Adeyemo Adebowale , Rotimi Charles , Boin Francesco , Kastner Daniel L. , Wigley Fredrick M. 
Published: May 2018

ObjectiveWhole‐exome sequencing (WES) studies in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients of European American (EA) ancestry have identified variants in the ATP8B4 gene and enrichment of variants in genes in the extracellular matrix (ECM)–related pathway that increase SSc susceptibility. This study was undertaken to evaluate the association of the ATP8B4 gene and the ECM‐related pathway with SSc in a cohort of African American (AA) patients.MethodsSSc patients of AA ancestry were enrolled from 23 academic centers across the US under the Genome Research in African American Scleroderma Patients consortium. Unrelated AA individuals without serologic evidence of autoimmunity who were enrolled in the Howard University Family Study were used as unaffected controls. Functional variants in genes reported in the 2 WES studies in EA patients with SSc were selected for gene association testing using the optimized sequence kernel association test (SKAT‐O) and pathway analysis by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis in 379 patients and 411 controls.ResultsPrincipal components analysis demonstrated that the patients and controls had similar ancestral backgrounds, with roughly equal proportions of mean European admixture. Using SKAT‐O, we examined the association of individual genes that were previously reported in EA patients and none remained significant, including ATP8B4 (P = 0.98). However, we confirmed the previously reported association of the ECM‐related pathway with enrichment of variants within the COL13A1, COL18A1, COL22A1, COL4A3, COL4A4, COL5A2, PROK1, and SERPINE1 genes (corrected P = 1.95 × 10−4).ConclusionIn the largest genetic study in AA patients with SSc to date, our findings corroborate the role of functional variants that aggregate in a fibrotic pathway and increase SSc susceptibility.
Pemphigoid gestationis
Authors: Papapanagiotou Ioannis K. , Tsagouri Sotiria , Liakou Chrysa G. , Besharat Alexandros , Vogiatzis Nikistratos , Ntzeros Konstantinos , Petrakis Evangelos , Koutroumanis Pelopidas , Thomakos Nikolaos , Loutradis Dimitrios 
Published: May 2018

Key Clinical MessagePemphigoid gestationis is a rare autoimmune skin disorder emerging exclusively during pregnancy. Topical and oral glucocorticoids as well as oral antihistamines are the standard medications administered during pregnancy, aiming to relieve pruritus and to suppress extensive blister formation. Obstetricians should be able to recognize and treat this rare clinical condition accordingly.
Electrochemical and Morphological Characterization of Zn−Al−Cu Layered Double Hydroxides as a Negative Electrode in Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Bani Hashemi A. , Kasiri G. , Glenneberg J. , Langer F. , Kun R. , La Mantia F. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractLayered double hydroxides (LDH) have shown to improve the zinc electrodeposition efficiency at the negative electrode of aqueous zinc‐ion batteries. In this work, a copper‐doped Zn−Al−CO3 layered double hydroxide (LDH) has been synthesized by co‐precipitation method under constant pH, and investigated as suitable solid‐state additive in zinc‐based negative electrodes. X‐ray diffraction patterns in combination with scanning electron microscope images show that the as‐synthesized LDHs are well crystalline and hexagonal platelet‐like. LDH was mixed with zinc powder in different ratios and the electrochemical performances of the mixtures were characterized by galvanostatic cycling with potential limitation (GCPL) at different current rates. The results show that an appropriate combination of zinc and LDH can be used to reach electrodeposition efficiency equal to 98 %. Thereafter, the performance of this electrode in a full cell is studied. In such configuration, the electrode shows that the electrodeposition efficiency remains high even at high current rates, which is an important characteristic for grid‐scale energy storage.
Cu2S@ N, S Dual‐Doped Carbon Matrix Hybrid as Superior Anode Materials for Lithium/Sodium ion Batteries
Authors: Chen Qianwu , Ren Manman , Xu Hong , Liu Weiliang , Hei Jinpei , Su Liwei , Wang Lianzhou 
Published: May 2018

AbstractCu2S is considered as a promising electrode material for lithium‐ion and sodium‐ion batteries owing to its flat charge‐discharge plateau as well as the abundant reserves. However, serious capacity fading and formation of polysulfides during electrochemical process restrict its practical application. In this work, a new type of Cu2S@N, S dual‐doped carbon matrix (Cu2S@NSCm) hybrid is synthesized through a simple in‐situ polymerization process and subsequent carbonization process. Due to the N, S dual‐doped carbon matrix, which can buffer the volume change, restrain the dissolution of polysulfide and enhance the electron conductivity during electrochemical process, the hybrid demonstrates excellent electrochemical performance. The Cu2S@NSCm hybrid exhibits a reversible capacity of 560.1 mAh g−1 at a current density of 1000 mA g−1 after 550 cycles when used in lithium‐ion batteries, which is among the best performance for Cu2S based anode materials. Moreover, a capacity of 182.3 mAh g−1 is obtained after 50 cycles when used as an anode material in sodium ion batteries, which is much better than the pure Cu2S.
Ultrafine Sn Nanoparticles Anchored on Nitrogen‐ and Phosphorus‐Doped Hollow Carbon Frameworks for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Oh Jiseop , Lee Jeongyeon , Jeon Youngmoo , Kim Jong Min , Seong Kwang‐dong , Hwang Taejin , Park Seungman , Piao Yuanzhe 
Published: May 2018

AbstractNanosized Sn‐based materials as anodes in lithium‐ion batteries suffer from capacity fading because of aggregation and severe volume change (∼300 %) during the charge/discharge process. We developed ultrafine Sn nanoparticles anchored on a graphene‐hollow carbon framework as anode material. Graphene‐hollow carbon framework (G‐HCF) anchors ultrafine Sn nanoparticles on its surface to prevent aggregation. The hollow structure can provide a buffer space to accommodate the volume expansion of the Sn particles and prevents electrode pulverization during the charge/discharge process. Furthermore, the interconnected hollow carbon structure enables rapid lithium‐ion and electron transport to give the enhanced rate performance. Also, the G‐HCF was doped with nitrogen and phosphorus to stabilize its electrochemical performance. Consequently, the as‐prepared G‐HCF‐Sn composite exhibited a highly stable cycling performance, even at a current density of 1.0 A/g (specific capacity of 1048 mA h/g after 1000 cycles).
Biomimetic Synthesis of Drug Metabolites in Batch and Continuous‐Flow Reactors
Authors: Fődi Tamás , Ignácz Gergő , Decsi Balázs , Béni Zoltán , Túrós György I. , Kupai József , Weiser Diána Balogh , Greiner István , Huszthy Péter , Balogh György T. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA medium‐throughput screening (MTS) of biomimetic drug metabolite synthesis is developed by using an iron porphyrin catalyst. The microplate method, in combination with HPLC‐MS analysis, was shown to be a useful tool for process development and parameter optimization in the production of targeted metabolites and/or oxidation products of forty‐three different drug substances. In the case of the biomimetic oxidation of amiodarone, the high quantity and purity of the isolated products enabled detailed HRMS and NMR spectroscopic studies. In addition to identification of known metabolites, several new oxidation products of the drug that was studied were characterized. Fast degradation and poor recovery of the catalyst under batch conditions was overcome by immobilization of 5,10,15,20‐tetrakis(4‐sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin iron(III) chloride (FeTSPP) on the surface of 3‐aminopropyl‐functionalized silica by electrostatic interaction. The supported catalyst was successfully applied in a packed‐bed reactor under continuous‐flow reaction conditions for the large‐scale synthesis of amiodarone metabolites.
Thecloso‐Dodecaborate Dianion Fused with Oxazoles Provides 3D Diboraheterocycles with Selective Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Sun Yuji , Zhang Jianglin , Zhang Yuanbin , Liu Jiyong , van der Veen Stijn , Duttwyler Simon 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe synthesis and application of icosahedral boron cluster compounds has been studied extensively since their discovery several decades ago; however, two aspects of their chemistry have received little attention: The possibility to form inorganic/organic fused boraheterocycles and their potential to act as antimicrobial agents. This work comprises the preparation of a class of 3D diborabenzoxazole analogues with thecloso‐dodecaborate in place of the benzene moiety. The presented synthetic procedures provide access to a wide range of diboraheterocycles under mild conditions. These 3D heterocycles exhibit strong and selective antimicrobial activity againstNeisseria gonorrhoeae, a widespread bacterial pathogen that has shown increasing incidences of multidrug resistance and for which the development of new antimicrobial compounds is urgently needed.
Pressure‐Induced Dissolution and Reentrant Formation of Condensed, Liquid–Liquid Phase‐Separated Elastomeric α‐Elastin
Authors: Cinar Hasan , Cinar Süleyman , Chan Hue Sun , Winter Roland 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWe investigated the combined effects of temperature and pressure on liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) phenomena of α‐elastin up to the multi‐kbar regime. FT‐IR spectroscopy, CD, UV/Vis absorption, phase‐contrast light and fluorescence microscopy techniques were employed to reveal structural changes and mesoscopic phase states of the system. A novel pressure‐induced reentrant LLPS was observed in the intermediate temperature range. A molecular‐level picture, in particular on the role of hydrophobic interactions, hydration, and void volume in controlling LLPS phenomena is presented. The potential role of the LLPS phenomena in the development of early cellular compartmentalization is discussed, which might have started in the deep sea, where pressures up to the kbar level are encountered.
Dehydrogenation, Methyl Elimination and Insertion Reactions of the Agostic Methyl‐Bridged Complex [Mo2Cp2(μ‐κ1:η2‐CH3)(μ‐PtBu2)(μ‐CO)]
Authors: Alvarez M. Angeles , Casado‐Ruano Melodie , García M. Esther , García‐Vivó Daniel , Ruiz Miguel A. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe high unsaturation of the title complex enabled it to react with a wide variety of molecules under mild conditions, whereby the agostic methyl ligand underwent unusual or unprecedented processes. Methane elimination occurred in the reactions with PPh2H and SiPh2H2, this being followed in the latter case by Si−H bond oxidative addition to give the hydride silylene derivative [Mo2Cp2H(μ‐PtBu2)(μ‐SiPh2)(CO)]. Dehydrogenation, however, was the dominant process in the room temperature reaction with [Fe2(CO)9], to give the unsaturated methylidyne cluster [Mo2FeCp2(μ3‐CH)(μ‐PtBu2)(CO)5] (Mo−Mo=2.6770(8) Å). In contrast, PMe elimination took place in the reaction with P4, to give the unsaturated triphosphorus complex [Mo2Cp2(μ‐η3:η3‐P3)(μ‐PtBu2)] (Mo−Mo=2.6221(3) Å). Yet a most remarkable reaction occurred with BH3⋅THF, involving insertion of two BH3 units and dehydrogenation to yield [Mo2Cp2(μ‐B2H4Me)(μ‐PtBu2)(CO)], with the novel methyldiboranyl ligand acting as a 5‐electron donor due to the presence of two 3‐centre, 2‐electron B‐H‐Mo interactions, according to spectroscopic data and DFT calculations (Mo−Mo ca. 2.65 Å).
Stereoselective Photooxidations by the Schenck Ene Reaction
Authors: Bayer Patrick , Pérez‐Ruiz Raúl , Jacobi von Wangelin Axel 
Published: May 2018

Abstract150 years after the first report of an organic reaction with singlet oxygen (1O2) and 70 years after the discovery of the singlet oxygen‐ene reaction (Schenck reaction) with alkenes, this allylic photooxidation has matured to a powerful transformation that enables access to diverse sets of allyl alcohol derivatives from ubiquitous starting materials. The reaction exhibits high sustainability (100 % atom economy, use of simple alkenes, air, metal‐free catalyst and visible light). Good levels of chemo‐, regio‐, and stereocontrol were observed in the synthesis of various fine chemical building blocks and biologically active molecules. This Minireview provides an overview of the key strategies that enable stereoselective oxygen‐ene reactions in the context of complex molecule syntheses including photo‐oxygenations of functionalized alkenes, cycloalkenes, and auxiliary‐based methods.
The diagnostic and cellularity yield of reverse bevel versus fork‐tip fine needle biopsy
Authors: Abdelfatah Mohamed M , Hamed Ahmed , Koutlas Nicholas J. , Aly F. Zahra 
Published: May 2018

IntroductionTwo new systems with a novel tip (Procore™ and SharkCore™) have been introduced for ultrasound‐guided fine needle biopsy (US‐FNB). Direct comparison of the diagnostic yield of these needles in the evaluation of pancreatic lesions is currently under investigation. This study aims to compare the diagnostic and cellular yields of the two needle systems.MethodsConsecutive patients with upper gastrointestinal lesions undergoing EUS‐FNB using 22 gauge Procore™ (reverse bevel) or SharkCore™ (fork‐tip) needles were included in the study. Cytological rapid on‐site evaluation (ROSE) slides were scored on a numerical scale of diagnostic yield relative to the number of passes. Similarly, histology of biopsy material was assessed on diagnostic quality using a numeric score. The final diagnosis was based on resection specimens and/or follow‐up of clinical and imaging data of the subject.ResultsThe diagnostic yield was similar between the fork‐tip and reverse bevel needles (125/163; 77% vs 103/139;74% with P = .60). Sub‐analysis for solid pancreatic masses demonstrated similar results (69/88; 78% vs. 83/107; 78% with P = .88). The fork‐tip needle had a lower mean number of passes (2.5 vs 3.1; P = .04) and ROSE was utilized in significantly less cases than in the reverse bevel needle group (77% versus 98.3%).ConclusionsAlthough we observed no difference in the diagnostic yield using either the fork‐tip or the reverse bevel needle, the fork‐tip needle had significantly better performance with regards to achieving more adequate cytologic specimen in fewer number of passes while at the same time requiring fewer episodes of ROSE.
Neuronal Intrinsic Regenerative Capacity: The Impact of Microtubule Organization and Axonal Transport
Authors: Murillo Blanca , Mendes Sousa Mónica 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTIn the adult vertebrate central nervous system, axons generally fail to regenerate. In contrast, peripheral nervous system axons are able to form a growth cone and regenerate upon lesion. Among the multiple intrinsic mechanisms leading to the formation of a new growth cone and to successful axon regrowth, cytoskeleton organization and dynamics is central. Here we discuss how multiple pathways that define the regenerative capacity converge into the regulation of the axonal microtubule cytoskeleton and transport. We further explore the use of dorsal root ganglion neurons as a model to study the neuronal regenerative ability. Finally, we address some of the unanswered questions in the field, including the mechanisms by which axonal transport might be modulated by injury, and the relationship between microtubule organization, dynamics, and axonal transport. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 00: 000–000, 2018