bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Le rôle du chemin de fer dans la mise en valeur touristique : Le cas d'une moyenne montagne française, le Massif Central
Authors: Fererol Marie-Eve 
Published: July 2019

Depuis le XIXe siècle, le chemin de fer a contribué à la mise en valeur des territoires, a élargi les espaces. En prenant l'exemple du Massif Central, la problématique de cette communication est de s 'interroger sur la pérennité et l'intensité du rôle du chemin de fer dans le développement touristique au cours des deux derniers siècles. A ses débuts, le chemin de fer a surtout favorisé l'essor des stations thermales et de sports d'hiver. Il a également été un bon moyen, local, pour développer les sites touristiques. En effet, nombre de funiculaires se sont créés pour faire découvrir les sites pittoresques. Mais, dès les années 30, alors qu 'il avait été jusque là le principal moyen d'accès d'une grande masse de touristes, le chemin de fer est concurrencé par la voiture. Cette concurrence, sans pitié, va conduire à l'abandon de lignes ferroviaires, d'où des interrogations sur la qualité des dessertes des régions touristiques. Paradoxalement, de nos jours, ce sont les engins du système interne aux stations et aux sites, qui retrouvent un regain d'intérêt.
Dans le cas des régions subissant fortement la déprise ferroviaire, la question est de savoir que faire de ces lignes abandonnées. La solution la plus connue est celle de la réhabilitation via les petits trains touristiques. De moyen de transport, le chemin de fer devient alors objet touristique ! Cependant, malgré une fréquentation totale en hausse, le maintien de ces trains est entravé par de nombreux handicaps : absence de produits originaux, non-professionnalisme des associations, trop forte concurrence...
SUGAR CONSUMPTION AMONG PRIVATE SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN DUTSIN-MA TOWNSHIP, KATSINA STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Mamman Hamisu , Ezenkiri Nwanko Justin 
Published: July 2019

This study assessed sugar consumption among private secondary school students in Dutsin-Ma Township Katsina State, Nigeria. Three hypotheses were tested in the study. Descriptive survey research design was used. The population of this study comprised 175 (junior and senior) students of the three existing private secondary schools in Dutsin-Ma. The entire student population was studied. A self-constructed questionnaire with a four-point Likert scale was used to collect data. The instrument was validated by four health experts. Split-half method was used to determine the reliability of the questionnaire and a reliability coefficient of 0.67 was obtained. Data collected were analysed using frequency counts and percentage for rendering the demographic profile of the respondents and answering the first research question. The t-Test was used to test the stated hypotheses at level of 0.05. The study found that most of the students (58.29%) consume more artificial sugar than sugar obtained from natural sources. The study also found significant differences in sugar consumption between students in junior secondary classes and those in senior secondary in their consumption of sugar (p< 0.05). However, the study found no significant gender difference in the consumption of sugar among the students. Based on these findings, the study recommended a reduction in consumption of sugar by students particularly unwholesome foods such as biscuits and soft drinks rich in sugar.
The Effectiveness Of Education Types And Methods In the Improvement Of Orthopedic Surgical Patients’ Knowledge And Capability: A Literature Review
Authors: Purwanty Eni 
Published: July 2019

Introduction: The success orthopedic surgery patients’ education depends on many factors, including the accuracy in choosing methods and the educational media used. This selection is based on consideration of the appropriateness of the material provided for the patient's needs and the learning objectives to achieve. The purpose of this literature review is to identify the types of methods and educational media employed to improve self-knowledge and abilities of orthopedic surgery patients. Method: The references employed in this literature review were four experimental research articles published in 2010 to2018. The keywords appropriateness in the search were "orthopedic patient", "patient education", "patient knowledge", "education method", and "patient outcome "through the ProQuest database, EBSCO, Sage, and Clinical Key. Results: This review shows that the media and educational methods vary widely, including face-to-face education, web-based or internet-based education, education with DVD videos, and structured education. Statistical analysis shows that all of these methods can improve the knowledge and skills of orthopedic surgery patients in undergoing the perioperative phase. Conclusion: Using structured educational methods with media combined with web-based or internet education and DVD video education with direct education (face to face) is considered good for education established for patients. Meanwhile, using education with DVD videos is considered good skill enhancement education.
Optimizing the Implementation of Nursing Round and Nursing Handover in Fatmawati Hospital Jakarta
Authors: Dewi Nani Asna 
Published: July 2019

Nursing is an integral part of medical services in a hospital, and its mission is to provide the continuum of care based services throughout the life cycle. Nursing round and nursing handover are substantial elements in providing nursing services and ensure patients’ safety. Optimizing the implementation of the nursing round and nursing handover aims to refresh, renew, and optimize required instruments. Therefore, renewing nurses’ knowledge and commitment is required to adopt a better change as mentioned in the hospital’s vision and mission, i.e. continuum of care. This research employed an analysis study with Fishbone analysis. The results reveal that the nurses’ knowledge of nursing round management increases by 49.25%, and their experience of conducting nursing round increases by 39.13%. It indicates a fine enhancement and proves that the implementation of nursing round and handover is effective to enhance the nurses’ knowledge of nursing round management because, in this round, nursing handover is directed and monitored. The commitment of top management plays a significant role in optimizing this program. Therefore, the current issue of patient centre care is well accommodated.
Keywords: Optimization, service management, care management, handover, round
PENGGUNAAN VARIASI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI DAN MINAT BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS XI IPS 3 SMA NEGERI 2 MERAUKE
Authors: Suryani Dessy Rizki , Lestari Nurindah 
Published: July 2019

Abstract: This Classroom Action Research (CAR) aims to increase motivation and interest in learning mathematics in class XI IPS 3 of SMA Negeri 2 Merauke by using a variety of learning media. The subjects in this study were 30 students of class XI IPS 3, 17 male students and 13 female students. The cycleof CAR uses the Kemmis & Mc Taggart model with stages of planning, implementation, observation, and observation. Pre-cycle data shows that students' motivation and interest in learning mathematics are in the low category. The study was conducted in 2 cycles with 4 meeting for each cycles. Based on the results of student observation activities indicate that student activities have increased in learning process of cycle I and cycle II. The average percentage of student learning activity in the first cycle reached 57%, and increased in the second cycle, amount 83%. Increased percentage of student’s learning activity in cycle I and cycle II by 26%. Student learning motivation in the good category experienced an increase from pre-cycle with a percentage of 37.16%, 62.72% in the first cycle, and 90.12% in the second cycle. Student’s interest in the good category also increased from pre-cycle with a percentage of 35.34%, in the first cycle 58.55%, and in the second cycle increased to 93.55%. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that by using a variety of learning media can increase motivation and interest in learning mathematics in class XI IPS 3 of SMA Negeri 2 Merauke. With the motivation and interest in learning students towards mathematics, it is expected that students themselves will be able to more easily understand mathematics and mathematics no longer be a frightening subject for students.
Keywords: variations in learning media, motivation, interests.
PENGARUH PERENCANAAN ANGGARAN TERHADAP PENYERAPAN ANGGARAN DI LINGKUNGAN INIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI
Authors: Ratag Wieske Anneleen , Kumenaung Anderson G. , Engka Daisy S.M. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRAK Penganggaran merupakan suatu unsur atau bagian penting dalam sebuah perencanaan yang dibuat suatu entitas melalui tahap formulasi strategis terhadap alokasi sumber daya sebagai upaya pencapaian tujuan yang tergambar dalam visi dan misi suatu organisasi atau perusahaan. Anggaran dapat digunakan sebagai alat perencanaan biaya dan pendapatan, komunikasi, motivasi, serta sebagai alat pengendali bagi atasan (superior) kepada bawahannya (subordinates). Perencanaan menjadi faktor yang mempengaruhi serapan anggaran karena masih adanya anggapan bahwa tidak semua anggaran yang diusulkan akan disetujui, sehingga anggaran yang diusulkan lebih besar dari yang dibutuhkan tanpa memperhatikan kebutuhan riil di lapangan dan kemudahan dalam implementasinya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis bagaimana pengaruh belanja pegawai, belanja barang dan belanja modal terhadap penyerapan anggaran DIPA. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitan menunjukan bahwa anggaran belanja pegawai berpengaruh positif dan signifikan secara statistik terhadap penyerapan anggaran DIPA. Begitu juga dengan belanja barang yang berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap penyerapan anggaran DIPA. Belanja modal berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap penyerapan anggaran DIPA Kata Kunci: Belanja Pegawai, Belanja Barang, Belanja Modal dan Anggaran DIPA ABSTRACT Budgeting is an important element or part of a plan made by an entity through the stage of strategic formulation of the allocation of resources as an effort to achieve the goals reflected in the vision and mission of an organization or company. The budget can be used as a cost and income planning tool, communication, motivation, and as a controlling tool for superiors (superior) to subordinates (subordinates). Planning is a factor that influences budget absorption because there is still an assumption that not all proposed budgets will be approved, so that the proposed budget is bigger than needed without regard to real needs in the field and ease of implementation. The purpose of this study is to analyze how the influence of employee spending, goods expenditure and capital expenditure on the absorption of the DIPA budget. The analysis technique used is multiple regression analysis. The research results show that the employee budget has a positive and statistically significant effect on the absorption of the DIPA budget. Likewise, the expenditure of goods has a positive and significant effect on the absorption of the DIPA budget. Capital expenditure has a positive and significant effect on the absorption of the DIPA budget Keywords: Employee Expenditures, Goods Expenditures, Capital Expenditures and DIPA Budget
Köpeklerde Burun Boşluğundan Pseudomonas aeruginosa’nın İzolasyonu ve Antibiyotik Duyarlılıkları
Authors: ZEYREK Seyfullah , ERBAŞ Göksel 
Published: July 2019

Pseudomonas aeruginosa inatçı bir patojendir ve antibiyotik dirençliliği nedeniyle de mücadelesi zordur. Araştırmamızda Aydın’ın Kuşadası ilçesinde bulunan özel bir Veteriner kliniğine 2017 yılı Ekim - Kasım - Aralık ay-larında gelen köpeklerin burun boşluğundan alınan 100 adet sürüntü örneği P. aeruginosa yönünden incelenmiştir. Örnekler alındıktan sonra soğuk zincir altında Aydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Mikrobiyoloji Rutin Teşhis laboratuarına getirilmişlerdir. Yapılan mikrobiyoloji analizler neticesinde 11 adet P. aureginosa izole ve identifiye edilmiş ve izolatların Kirby Bauer disk difüzyon yöntemi ile antibiyotik duyarlılıkları belirlenmiştir. P. ae-ruginosa izolatlarının tamamı Amoksisilin klavulonik asit, Ampisilin/sulbaktam, İmipemen , Kloksasilin ve Penisilin/Novobiosin’e karşı dirençli oldukları tespit edilmiştir. Kanamisin/Cephaleksin’e karşı izolatlardan 7’sinin dirençli (%64), 4’ünün ise duyarlı (%36) olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte 5 izolatın Oksitetrasiklin’e orta düzey duyarlı (%45), 6 izolatın ise duyarlı (%55) olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada elde edilen 11 izolatın tümünün Enrofloksasin ve Gentamisin’e karşı duyarlı olduğu saptanmıştır. Köpeklerde solunum yolunu etkileyen bakteriyel hastalıklarda etkenin identifikasyonu ve doğru antibiyotik seçimi oldukça önemlidir. Çalışma sonuçları P. aureginosa izolatlarının çoklu antibiyotik direncine sahip olduklarını göstermiştir. Bununla birlikte klinik olarak karşılaşılabilecek vakalarda tedavide Enrofloksasin ve/veya Gentamisin etken maddeleri tavsiye edilmektedir
The Dust and Molecular Gas in the Brightest Cluster Galaxy in MACS 1931.8-2635
Authors: Fogarty Kevin , Postman Marc , Li Yuan , Dannerbauer Helmut , Liu Hauyu Baobab , Donahue Megan , Ziegler Bodo , Koekemoer Anton , Frye Brenda 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We present new Atacama Large Millimeter Array observations of the molecular gas and far-infrared continuum around the brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) in the cool-core cluster MACS 1931.8-2635. Our observations reveal (1.9 ± 0.3) × 1010
M
⊙ of molecular gas, on par with the largest known reservoirs of cold gas in a cluster core. We detect CO(1−0), CO(3−2), and CO(4−3) emission from both diffuse and compact molecular gas components that extend from the BCG center out to ∼30 kpc to the northwest, tracing the UV knots and Hα filaments observed by the Hubble Space Telescope. Due to the lack of morphological symmetry, we hypothesize that the ∼300 km s−1 velocity of the CO in the tail is not due to concurrent uplift by active galactic nucleus (AGN) jets; rather, we may be observing the aftermath of a recent AGN outburst. The CO spectral line energy distribution suggests that molecular gas excitation is influenced by processes related to both star formation and recent AGN feedback. Continuum emission in Bands 6 and 7 arises from dust and is spatially coincident with young stars and nebular emission observed in the UV and optical. We constrain the temperature of several dust clumps to be ≲10 K, which is too cold to be directly interacting with the surrounding ∼4.8 keV intracluster medium (ICM). The cold dust population extends beyond the observed CO emission and must either be protected from interacting with the ICM or be surrounded by local volumes of ICM that are several keV colder than observed by Chandra.
Direct Observation of the Broad Line Region in X-Rays during the Low State of NGC 4051
Authors: Peretz Uria , Miller Jon M. , Behar Ehud 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
NGC 4051 is one of the most variable and X-ray bright Seyfert galaxies. During 2009, NGC 4051 was caught at its lowest state ever observed by XMM-Newton. The low source continuum emission allows a clear measurement of the He-like emission lines of

and O+6. The exceptionally high intercombination line flux is a direct measurement of either a high density or a UV irradiated photoionized plasma. Either way, this provides an unambiguous distance diagnostic. We find that the line emitting region has a density of ∼3 × 1010 cm−3 and a distance of a few 1015 cm from the continuum source, placing it within the UV-optical broad line region of NGC 4051. Both N+5 and O+6 independently result in similar measurements for density and distance. In addition, we find the kinematics of the broad O+7 Lyα match those of the He+1
λ4686 Å line, which is associated with the NGC 4051 broad line region. This is the first direct X-ray measurement of a Seyfert broad line region.
A Pseudodisk Threaded with a Toroidal and Pinched Poloidal Magnetic Field Morphology in the HH 211 Protostellar System
Authors: Lee Chin-Fei , Kwon Woojin , Jhan Kai-Syun , Hirano Naomi , Hwang Hsiang-Chih , Lai Shih-Ping , Ching Tao-Chung , Rao Ramprasad , Ho Paul T. P. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The HH 211 protostellar system is currently the youngest Class 0 system found with a rotating disk. We have mapped it at ∼50 au (0.″16) resolution, studying its magnetic field morphology with dust polarization in continuum at 232 and 358 GHz and its kinematics in C18O J = 2–1 line. A flattened envelope extending out to ∼400 au from the disk is detected in the continuum and C18O, slightly misaligned with the disk by ∼8°. It is spiraling inwards and expected to transform into a rotating disk at ∼20 au, consistent with the disk radius estimated before. It appears to have a constant specific angular momentum and it can result from an inside–out collapse of an extended envelope detected before in NH3. In the flattened envelope, the polarization is mainly due to the magnetically aligned dust grains, inferring a highly pinched poloidal field morphology there. Thus, both the kinematics and field morphology support that the flattened envelope is a pseudodisk formed as the infalling gas is guided by the field lines to the equatorial plane. Interestingly, a point-symmetric polarization distribution is also seen in the flattened envelope, implying that the pinched field lines also have a significant toroidal component generated by the rotation. No significant loss of angular momentum and thus no clear magnetic braking are detected in the flattened envelope around the disk probably because of the large misalignment between the axis of the rotation and the axis of the magnetic field in the cloud core.
Col-OSSOS: The Colors of the Outer Solar System Origins Survey
Authors: Schwamb Megan E. , Fraser Wesley C. , Bannister Michele T. , Marsset Michaël , Pike Rosemary E. , Kavelaars J. J. , Benecchi Susan D. , Lehner Matthew J. , Wang 王祥 Shiang-Yu 宇 , Thirouin Audrey , Delsanti Audrey , Peixinho Nuno , Volk Kathryn , Alexandersen Mike , Chen 陳英 Ying-Tung 同 , Gladman Brett , Gwyn Stephen D. J. , Petit Jean-Marc 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The Colours of the Outer Solar System Origins Survey is acquiring near-simultaneous g, r, and J photometry of unprecedented precision with the Gemini North Telescope, targeting nearly 100 trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) brighter than m

r
= 23.6 mag discovered in the Outer Solar System Origins Survey. Combining the optical and near-infrared photometry with the well-characterized detection efficiency of the Colours of the Outer Solar System Origins Survey target sample will provide the first flux-limited compositional dynamical map of the outer solar system. In this paper, we describe our observing strategy and detail the data reduction processes we employ, including techniques to mitigate the impact of rotational variability. We present optical and near-infrared colors for 35 TNOs. We find two taxonomic groups for the dynamically excited TNOs, the neutral and red classes, which divide at g − r ≃ 0.75. Based on simple albedo and orbital distribution assumptions, we find that the neutral class outnumbers the red class, with a ratio of 4:1 and potentially as high as 11:1. Including in our analysis constraints from the cold classical objects, which are known to exhibit unique albedos and r − z colors, we find that within our measurement uncertainty our observations are consistent with the primordial solar system protoplanetesimal disk being neutral class dominated, with two major compositional divisions in grJ color space.
Yearly microbial cycle of human exposed surfaces in show caves
Authors: Bercea Silviu , Năstase-Bucur Ruxandra , Moldovan Oana Teodora , Kenesz Marius , Constantin Silviu 
Published: July 2019

The human impact upon the subterranean microbiomes is not only a peril to the cave environment but might also affect future visitors. We focused on the changes that humans induced on the surfaces they came in direct or indirect contact with inside two intensely visited Romanian show caves, by means of commercially available microbial rapid test kits and molecular identification.
Overall culturable bacteria abundance in the caves maintained high levels year-round while Enterobacteriaceae, coliform bacteria and Escherichiacoli levels peaked during the touristic season, reaching levels that could pose a threat to the health of the visitors. Culturable fungi abundance usually peaked in the spring, remained at a high level in the summer and started to slowly decrease towards the winter months. Differences were observed between the direct and indirect exposed surfaces, as the later had lower overall levels of bacteria and fungi, with increased Enterobacteriaceae loads. Most of the taxa identified are known biodeteriorants of subterranean surfaces and were previously associated with human altered caves. A Dothideomycete sp. previously unknown to the cave environments was detected.
This was the first study to analyse the dynamics of the microbial communities of delicate subterranean surfaces in show caves through the use of commercially available test kits. We revealed that exposed surfaces in show caves, in direct or indirect contact with tourists, are host to high concentrations of cultivable microbes. The touristic activity was shown to influence the abundance and dynamics of the microbial communities inhabiting surfaces of show caves.
La société industrielle d’Aron et Galbraith : des regards croisés pour une vision convergente ?
Authors: Chirat Alexandre 
Published: July 2019

L’article propose une confrontation des analyses de deux grands intellectuels du XX e siècle aux destinées croisées, Raymond Aron et John Kenneth Galbraith, eu égard au thème de la société industrielle. Le but de cette contribution est de montrer qu’en dépit de différences contextuelles, disciplinaires et méthodologiques, ces deux auteurs proposent une vision convergente de la société d’après-guerre. L’étude comparative permet alors non seulement de spécifier les traits caractéristiques de leurs pensées à propos d’une époque qui connaît des transformations radicales, mais également de saisir l’esprit intellectuel qui l’anime. Dans cette perspective, nous démontrons qu’il existe des liens électifs puissants entre les thèses dites de la révolution managériale, de la fin des idéologies, de l’institutionnalisation des conflits ainsi que les théories de la convergence. L’article se termine par une présentation de l’étude du pouvoir dans l’œuvre des deux auteurs, lequel apparaît comme un concept nécessaire pour quiconque entend mener une analyse critique et dynamique de la société industrielle.
Marketing et communication politique
Authors: Dosquet Frédéric 
Published: July 2019

Ce chapitre présente les systèmes politiques au sens général de plusieurs pays démocratiques. Le choix de ces démocraties s’est fait sur un critère « objectif » qui est le classement donné par The Economist Group depuis 2006. Huit pays ont ainsi été sélectionnés pour leur intérêt et leur appartenance à la catégorie démocratique. Ces huit nations ont en commun un long passé et vécu de la démocratie et présentent également des similitudes en termes de complexité dans leur management démocratique. La France n’a pas été retenue dans cette présentation, non qu’elle ne puisse s’abstenir des remarques précédentes, mais nous sommes partis du principe que le lecteur avait de la connaissance en la matière et donc que l’ouvrage n’allait que peu lui apporter, en cas de sa sélection. Pour chacun des pays, trois éléments sont présentés. Le premier concerne les institutions. Le deuxième est relatif au système électoral. Et, enfin, le troisième aborde le système partisan.