bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SQ31f is a potent non-tuberculous mycobacteria antibiotic by specifically targeting the mycobacterial F-ATP synthase
Authors: Ragunathan Priya , Sae-Lao Patcharaporn , Harikishore Amaravadhi , Daher Wassim , Roquet-Banères Françoise , Kremer Laurent , Bates Roderick W , Grüber Gerhard 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection presents a growing global health problem and requires new antibiotics targeting enzymes that are essential for the pathogens under various metabolic conditions, with high target specificity, good solubility and with attractive combinatory potency.

Methods
SQ31f was synthesized by a simplified synthesis protocol, and its effect on growth inhibition of fast- and slow-growing NTM and clinical isolates, whole-cell ATP depletion, ex vivo macrophages and its potency in combination with other antibiotics were evaluated. Molecular docking studies were employed to assess SQ31f’s binding mode.

Results
We present- squaramide SQ31f as a novel anti-NTM inhibitor targeting the NTM F1FO-ATP synthase, essential for ATP formation, regulation of ATP homeostasis and proton motive force under multiple growth conditions. The potency of SQ31f in growth inhibition of fast- and slow-growing NTM and clinical isolates correlates with whole-cell ATP depletion, which is not caused by altered oxygen consumption. SQ31f’s high aqueous solubility enables binding to the waterfilled cytosolic proton half channel in the subunits a–c interface of the FO domain. As presented for the fast-growing Mycobacterium abscessus, the compound is active against intracellular-residing M. abscessus. Importantly, SQ31f shows an additive effect of the anti-M. abscessus drugs clofazimine, rifabutin or amikacin, and an attractive potentiation of linezolid, clarithromycin, or the oral pair tebipenem and avibactam.

Conclusions
SQ31f represents an attractive inhibitor to tackle the issues associated with NTM drug tolerance and toxicity. Its combinatory potency with anti-M. abscessus drugs holds potential for overcoming resistance, while also reducing intensive compound synthesis and associated costs.
β-Hydroxybutyrate ameliorates osteoarthritis through activation of the ERBB3 signaling pathway in mice
Authors: Cai Zhiqing , Zhang Zhimin , Leng Jiarong , Xie Mengyun , Zhang Kang , Zhang Jingyi , Zhang Haiyan , Hu Hongling , Deng Yinghu , Bai Xiaochun , Song Qiancheng , Lai Pinglin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The ketogenic diet (KD) has demonstrated efficacy in ameliorating inflammation in rats with osteoarthritis (OA). However, the long-term safety of the KD and the underlying mechanism by which it delays OA remain unclear. We found that while long-term KD could ameliorate OA, it induced severe hepatic steatosis in mice. Consequently, we developed 2 versions of ketogenic-based diets: KD supplemented with vitamin D and intermittent KD. Both KD supplemented with vitamin D and intermittent KD effectively alleviated OA by significantly reducing the levels of inflammatory cytokines, cartilage loss, sensory nerve sprouting, and knee hyperalgesia without inducing hepatic steatosis. Furthermore, β-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB), a convenient energy carrier produced by adipocytes, could ameliorate OA without causing liver lesions. Mechanistically, β-HB enhanced chondrocyte autophagy and reduced apoptosis through the activation of Erb-B2 receptor tyrosine kinase 3 (ERBB3) signaling pathway; a pathway which was down-regulated in the articular chondrocytes from both OA patients and mice. Collectively, our findings highlighted the potential therapeutic value of β-HB and KD supplemented with vitamin D and intermittent KD approaches for managing OA.
A different approach to identifying thermal parameters for invasive species
Authors: Neven Lisa G 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The brown marmorated stinkbug, Halyomorpha halys Stål (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is a polyphagous invasive insect found in the eastern United States in 1998 but became a major agricultural pest in 2010. Environmental temperatures regulate the location of invasive species establishment in new locations. To determine those areas where an invasive species might establish it is essential to understand the metabolic response of all life stages to temperature. Differential scanning calorimetry is a useful tool to monitor living organisms’ metabolism at different temperatures, providing vital information related to the ability of the species to survive in new environments. The information obtained from isothermal and scanning calorimetric experiments on all the life stages of H. halys indicates that the third instar is the most thermoresponsive stage and eggs and fifth instar are the least thermoresponsive, whereas the third instars exhibit a broad range of thermoresponsiveness as compared to all other developmental stages. The recorded values for lower, optimal, and upper developmental temperatures in this study were similar to those reported by other researchers using laboratory and field data to develop degree-day models. This method can help in the rapid development of degree day models to improve and synchronize control efforts for newly invasive species.
Radiative transfer of Lyman-α photons at cosmic dawn with realistic gas physics
Authors: Mittal Shikhar , Kulkarni Girish , Garel Thibault 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Lyman-$\alpha$ photons enable the cosmic dawn 21-cm signal through a process called the Wouthuysen–Field effect. An accurate model of the signal in this epoch hinges on the accuracy of the computation of the Ly$\alpha$ coupling, which requires one to calculate the specific intensity of Ly$\alpha$ photons emitted from the first stars. Most traditional calculations of the Ly$\alpha$ coupling assume a delta-function scattering cross-section, as the resonant nature of the Ly$\alpha$ scattering makes an accurate radiative transfer (RT) solution computationally expensive. Attempts to improve upon this traditional approach using numerical RT have recently emerged. However, some of these treatments suffer from assumptions such as a uniform gas distribution, coherent scattering in the gas frame, and isotropic scattering. While others which do not account for these only do so through certain schemes along with core-skipping algorithms. We present results from a self-consistent Monte Carlo RT simulations devoid of any of the assumptions in the previous work for the first time. We find that gas bulk motion is the most important effect to account for in RT resulting in an RMS difference of 38 per cent in the 21-cm signal and anisotropic scattering being the least important effect contributing to less than 3 per cent RMS difference in 21-cm signal. We also evaluate the 21-cm power spectrum and compare that with the traditional results at cosmic dawn. This work points the way towards higher-accuracy models to enable better inferences from future measurements.
Unveiling the effects of coupling extended Proca-Nuevo gravity on cosmic expansion with recent observations
Authors: Sudharani L , Kavya N S , Venkatesha V 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
We study Coupling Extended Proca-Nuevo gravity, a non-linear theory extending from dRGT massive gravity with a spin-1 field. This theory is shown to yield reliable, ghost-free cosmological solutions, modelling both the Universe’s thermal history and late-time acceleration. By analysing data from dark energy spectroscopic instruments (DESI), cosmic chronometer (CCh), gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), and Type Ia Supernova (SNeIa), we derive parameter constraints with up to 3$\sigma$ confidence, demonstrating good agreement with observations. Our comparison of BAO data from WiggleZ and DESI highlights its constraining power on the Hubble constant. The analysis of the cosmographic parameter, q shows the statistical compatibility with the recent data. Further, this indicates that Universe’s current accelerated expansion aligns with quintessential behaviour.
The atomic gas sequence and mass–metallicity relation from dwarfs to massive galaxies
Authors: Scholte Dirk , Saintonge Amélie , Moustakas John , Catinella Barbara , Zou Hu , Dey Biprateep , Aguilar J , Ahlen S , Anand A , Blum R , Brooks D , Circosta C , Claybaugh T , de la Macorra A , Doel P , Font-Ribera A , Förster P U , Forero-Romero J E , Gaztañaga E , Gontcho A Gontcho S , Juneau S , Kehoe R , Kisner T , Koposov S E , Kremin A , Lambert A , Landriau M , Maraston C , Martini P , Meisner A , Mighty A S , Miquel R , Myers A D , Nie J , Poppett C , Prada F , Rezaie M , Rossi G , Sanchez E , Schubnell M , Silber J , Sprayberry D , Siudek M , Speranza F , Tarlé G , Tojeiro R , Weaver B A 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Galaxy scaling relations provide insights into the processes that drive galaxy evolution. The extension of these scaling relations into the dwarf galaxy regime is of particular interest. This is because dwarf galaxies represent a crucial stage in galaxy evolution, and understanding them could also shed light on their role in reionizing the early Universe. There is currently no consensus on the processes that dominate the evolution of dwarfs. In this work, we constrain the atomic gas sequence (stellar mass versus atomic gas fraction) and mass–metallicity relation (stellar mass versus gas-phase metallicity) from dwarf ($10^{6.5} \, {\rm M}_{\odot }$) to massive ($10^{11.5} \, {\rm M}_{\odot }$) galaxies in the local Universe. The combined optical and 21-cm spectroscopic observations of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument and Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA surveys allow us to constrain both scaling relations simultaneously. We find a slope change of the atomic gas sequence at a stellar mass of ${\sim} 10^{9} \, \textrm{M}_{\odot }$. We also find that the shape and scatter of the atomic gas sequence and mass–metallicity relation are strongly linked for both dwarfs and more massive galaxies. Consequently, the low-mass slope change of the atomic gas sequence is imprinted onto the mass–metallicity relation of dwarf galaxies. The mass scale of the measured slope change is consistent with a predicted escape velocity threshold below which low-mass galaxies experience significant supernova-driven gas loss, as well as with a reduction in cold gas accretion onto more massive galaxies.
Unveiling gas kinematics and stellar populations in H ii regions inside the low-metallicity dwarf nearby galaxy SDSSJ0859 + 3923 with MEGARA at the GTC
Authors: García-Vargas M L , Carrasco E , Mollá M , de Paz A Gil , Gallego J , Iglesias-Páramo J , Cardiel N , Castillo-Morales A , Pascual S , Gómez-Alvarez P , Pérez-Calpena A 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
In this study, we present Integral Field Unit observations of the galaxy SDSSJ0859 + 3923, utilizing the MEGARA (Multi Espectrógrafo en GTC de Alta Resolución para Astronomía) instrument on the GTC (Gran Telescopio Canarias) 10.4m telescope. These observations were conducted in two distinct spectral ranges: 4332–5222 Å and 6097–7345 Å, with a high resolving power (R$_\mathrm{FWHM}$$\sim 6\, 000$), and spatial resolution of 25 pc, considering the galaxy’s distance of 8.5 Mpc. Our observations have identified five H ii regions, whose precise positions were determined using data from the Wide Field Camera 3 (ultraviolet and visible) of the Hubble Space Telescope, WFC3-UVIS/HST, archive images, where we also detected the associated blue underlying continuum linked to the ionized knots. A detailed kinematic analysis of these regions revealed low-velocity dispersion values (around 10 km s$^{-1}$) in four H ii regions, indicating a lack of significant turbulent events. In the fifth region, we observed a peak in velocity dispersion reaching 40 km s$^{-1}$, which we interpret as the result of hot star winds and/or a recent type-II supernova explosion. We have conducted a comprehensive spectral analysis of the H ii regions, obtaining emission-line fluxes that enabled us to confirm the oxygen abundance (12  +  log(O/H)  =  7.41 $\pm$  0.15) and, using popstar models, to constrain the age and mass of the ionizing young clusters.
Multifractality signatures in lensed quasars
Authors: Assis Souza R A , Bewketu Belete A , Canto Martins B L , de Azevedo L M C , Campelo J P S , Leão I C , De Medeiros J R 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Variations in scaling behaviour in the flux and emissions of gravitational lensed quasars can provide valuable information about the dynamics within the sources and their cosmological evolution with time. Here, we study the multifractal behaviour of the light curves (LCs) of 14 lensed quasars with multiple images in the r band, with redshift ranging from 0.657 to 2.730, in the search for potential differences in non-linearity between the signals of the quasar multiple images. Among these lensed systems, nine present two images, two present three images, and three present four images. To this end, we apply the wavelet transform-based multifractal analysis formalism called wavelet transform modulus maxima. We identify strong multifractal signatures in the LCs of the images of all analysed lensed quasar systems, independently of the number of images, with a significant difference between the degree of multifractality of all the images and combinations. We have also searched for a possible connection between the degree of multifractality and the characteristic parameters related to the quasar source and the lensing galaxy. These parameters include the Einstein ring radius and the accretion disc size and the characteristic time-scales related to microlensing variability. The analysis reveals some apparent trends, pointing to a decrease in the degree of multifractality with the increase of the quasar’s source size and time-scale. Using a larger sample and following a similar approach, this study confirms a previous finding for the quasar Q0957 + 561.
Placental gene therapy in nonhuman primates: a pilot study of maternal, placental, and fetal response to non-viral, polymeric nanoparticle delivery of IGF1
Authors: Wilson Rebecca L , Schmidt Jenna Kropp , Davenport Baylea N , Ren Emily , Keding Logan T , Shaw Sarah A , Schotzko Michele L , Antony Kathleen M , Simmons Heather A , Golos Thaddeus G , Jones Helen N 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Currently, there are no placenta-targeted treatments to alter the in utero environment for administration to pregnant women who receive a diagnosis of fetal growth restriction (FGR). Water-soluble polymers have a distinguished record of clinical relevance outside of pregnancy. We have demonstrated the effective delivery of polymer-based nanoparticles containing a non-viral human insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) transgene to correct placental insufficiency in small animal models of FGR. Our goals were to extend these studies to a proof-of-concept study in the pregnant macaque, establish feasibility of nanoparticle-mediated gene therapy delivery to trophoblasts, and investigate the acute maternal, placental, and fetal responses to treatment. Pregnant macaques underwent ultrasound-guided intraplacental injections of nanoparticles (GFP- or IGF1-expressing plasmid under the control of the trophoblast-specific PLAC1 promoter complexed with a HPMA–DMEAMA co-polymer) at approximately gestational day 100 (term = 165 days). Fetectomy was performed 24 h (GFP; n = 1), 48 h (IGF1; n = 3) or 10 days (IGF1; n = 3) after nanoparticle delivery. Routine pathological assessment was performed on biopsied maternal tissues and placental and fetal tissues. Maternal blood was analyzed for complete blood count (CBC), immunomodulatory proteins and growth factors, progesterone (P4), and estradiol (E2). Placental ERK/AKT/mTOR signaling was assessed using Western blot and qPCR. Fluorescent microscopy and in situ hybridization confirmed placental uptake and transient transgene expression in villous syncytiotrophoblast. No off-target expression was observed in either maternal or fetal tissues. Histopathological assessment of the placenta recorded observations not necessarily related to the IGF1 nanoparticle treatment. In maternal blood, CBCs, P4, and E2 remained within the normal range for pregnant macaques across the treatment period. Changes to placental ERK and AKT signaling at 48 h and 10 days after IGF1 nanoparticle treatment indicated an upregulation in placental homeostatic mechanisms to prevent overactivity in the normal pregnancy environment. The lack of adverse maternal reaction to nanoparticle-mediated IGF1 treatment, combined with changes in placental signaling to maintain homeostasis, indicates no deleterious impact of treatment during the acute phase of study.
Genomes OnLine Database (GOLD) v.10: new features and updates
Authors: Mukherjee Supratim , Stamatis Dimitri , Li Cindy Tianqing , Ovchinnikova Galina , Kandimalla Mahathi , Handke Van , Reddy Anuha , Ivanova Natalia , Woyke Tanja , Eloe-Fardosh Emiley A , Chen I-Min A , Kyrpides Nikos C , Reddy T B K 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The Genomes OnLine Database (GOLD; https://gold.jgi.doe.gov/) at the Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute is a comprehensive online metadata repository designed to catalog and manage information related to (meta)genomic sequence projects. GOLD provides a centralized platform where researchers can access a wide array of metadata from its four organization levels namely Study, Organism/Biosample, Sequencing Project and Analysis Project. GOLD continues to serve as a valuable resource and has seen significant growth and expansion since its inception in 1997. With its expanded role as a collaborative platform, it not only actively imports data from other primary repositories like National Center for Biotechnology Information but also supports contributions from researchers worldwide. This collaborative approach has enriched the database with diverse datasets, creating a more integrated resource to enhance scientific insights. As genomic research becomes increasingly integral to various scientific disciplines, more researchers and institutions are turning to GOLD for their metadata needs. To meet this growing demand, GOLD has expanded by adding diverse metadata fields, intuitive features, advanced search capabilities and enhanced data visualization tools, making it easier for users to find and interpret relevant information. This manuscript provides an update and highlights the new features introduced over the last 2 years.
Legislative Authority
Authors: Khalaf-Allah Muhammad 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Muhammad Khalaf-Allah (Egypt, 1916-1997) first gained notoriety in the early 1950s for his literary analysis of the Qur’an. The purpose of the Qur’an, he argued, was not to record historical facts but to exhort listeners to Islam. A number of Qur’anic scholars took offense at the implication that the Qur’an was not factually complete, and Khalaf Allah was subjected to scathing criticism in the Egyptian press. His work in the 1970s continued to upset traditionalists and revivalists. In The Qur’an and the State, excerpted here, Khalaf-Allah goes beyond ‘Abd al-Raziq’s argument that Islam is compatible with democracy; instead, writes Khalaf-Allah, it lays out the basic tenets of democracy and requires Muslims to work out the implementation. In short, divine revelation does not simply allow democracy; it requires democracy. ‘‘This is a new and novel idea, which can not be found outside of Khalaf-Allah’s thought,” according to one commentator. Chapter 3, “Legislative Authority,” excerpted here, discusses the revelation of the shura (consultation) system of governance and its importance for secular, parliamentary authority. Khalaf-Allah is not an easy author to follow, in Arabic or English, as he tries to build his argument on sound Qur’anic reasoning. His conclusions, however, are straightforward and bold.
Unveiling and Veiling
Authors: Zein-ed-Din Nazira 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Nazira Zein-ed-Din (Ottoman Lebanon, born circa 1905), the daughter of a high-ranking Lebanese judge, was a theological prodigy. In the summer of 1927, as a young woman, she began to research Islamic teachings on the subject of hijab, the modest clothing required of Muslim women. She was motivated by the contrast between recent incidents in Syria, where women were prevented from leaving their homes without the veil, and Turkey, where secular reformers encouraged women to remove the veil. Zein-ed-Din published her findings-excerpted here-in 1928, arguing that veiling was anachronistic and that Islam, properly understood, treats women as the equals of men, perhaps even their betters. The book was immediately controversial. Within a year, she had published a follow-up volume containing letters of support and vehement criticism, including the accusation that a young woman could not have written such a work.2 Zein-ed-Din’s subsequent career has been difficult to trace. veil that they had previously worn. I have noticed that the nations that have given up the veil are the nations that have advanced in intellectual and material life. Such advancement is not equaled in the veiled nations. The unveiled nations are the ones that have discovered through research and study the secrets of nature and have brought the physical elements under their control, as you see and know.
The Principle of Movement in the Structure of Islam
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Muhammad Iqbal (India, 1877-1938)-poet, philosopher, lawyer-is widely considered the spiritual father of Pakistan. His presidential address to the Muslim League in 1930 helped to launch the movement toward the partition of British South Asia into two nations, the predominantly Muslim Pakistan and the predominantly Hindu lndia. As important as his political legacy is Iqbal’s position as “a driving force for Islamic modernism in South Asia.” Iqbal leveled sharp criticism against the rigidity of traditional religious exegesis and called for a renewed emphasis on “movement” in the interpretation of Islam.
The Second Message of Islam
Authors: Taha Mahmoud Mohamed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Mahmoud Mohamed Taha (Sudan, circa 1910-1985) received his university degree in Khartoum, Sudan, and worked for many years as a civil engineer, specializing in irrigation. At the same time, he was active in the Sudanese independence movement. In 1945, he helped to found the Republican Party and then spent several years in jail as a result of his activism. After independence, his followers founded the Republican Brothers, which Taha led until his execution in 1985. The founding document of this organization, first drafted in the early 1950s and published in 1967-excerpted here-presents Taha’s unorthodox view that the earlier Qur’anic revelations (revealed in Mecca before the Prophet gained political power) should be granted greater importance than the later revelations, which refer more narrowly to the conditions of the Prophet’s rule in Medina. This view brought Taha into conflict with the Sudanese government’s implementation of more orthodox Islamic laws in the 1980s. His protest against these policies led to his arrest and execution.