bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automated Flow Cytometric MRD Assessment in Childhood Acute B‐ Lymphoblastic Leukemia Using Supervised Machine Learning
Authors: Reiter Michael , Diem Markus , Schumich Angela , Maurer‐Granofszky Margarita , Karawajew Leonid , Rossi Jorge G. , Ratei Richard , Groeneveld‐Krentz Stefanie , Sajaroff Elisa O. , Suhendra Susanne , Kampel Martin , Dworzak Michael N. ,   for the International Berlin‐Frankfurt‐Münster (iBFM)‐FLOW‐network and the AutoFLOW consortium
Published: July 2019

AbstractMinimal residual disease (MRD) as measured by multiparameter flow cytometry (FCM) is an independent and strong prognostic factor in B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B‐ALL). However, reliable flow cytometric detection of MRD strongly depends on operator skills and expert knowledge. Hence, an objective, automated tool for reliable FCM‐MRD quantification, able to overcome the technical diversity and analytical subjectivity, would be most helpful. We developed a supervised machine learning approach using a combination of multiple Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM) as a parametric density model. The approach was used for finding the weights of a linear combination of multiple GMMs to represent new, “unseen” samples by an interpolation of stored samples. The experimental data set contained FCM‐MRD data of 337 bone marrow samples collected at day 15 of induction therapy in three different laboratories from pediatric patients with B‐ALL for which accurate, expert‐set gates existed. We compared MRD quantification by our proposed GMM approach to operator assessments, its performance on data from different laboratories, as well as to other state‐of‐the‐art automated read‐out methods. Our proposed GMM‐combination approach proved superior over support vector machines, deep neural networks, and a single GMM approach in terms of precision and average F
1‐scores. A high correlation of expert operator‐based and automated MRD assessment was achieved with reliable automated MRD quantification (F
1‐scores >0.5 in more than 95% of samples) in the clinically relevant range. Although best performance was found, if test and training samples were from the same system (i.e., flow cytometer and staining panel; lowest median F
1‐score 0.92), cross‐system performance remained high with a median F
1‐score above 0.85 in all settings. In conclusion, our proposed automated approach could potentially be used to assess FCM‐MRD in B‐ALL in an objective and standardized manner across different laboratories. © 2019 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Hammer Mill Sieve Design Impacts Olive Oil Minor Component Composition
Authors: Polari Juan J. , Wang Selina C. 
Published: July 2019

Crushing of the olive fruit is the first operation for olive oil extraction. The hammer mill is one of the most popular devices used in modern facilities due to its easy maintenance and high product output. The effect of hammer mill rotor speed and sieve design, including screen size and screen open area on extraction yield, overall quality and minor component composition, is evaluated at the laboratory scale. Quality parameters such as free fatty acids (FFA), peroxide value (PV), and UV absorbances (K232, K270, and ΔK) are unaltered by crushing parameters. Extraction efficiency, chlorophylls content, total phenol content, 3,4‐DHPEA‐EDA, and p‐HPEA‐EDA increase with faster hammer mill rotor speed and smaller screen size. Volatiles (E)‐2‐hexenal, hexanal, 1,5‐hexadiene‐(3,4)‐diethyl, 3‐ethyl‐1,5‐octadiene, and (E)‐2‐hexenol are only affected by screen size. Screen open area is found to be a relevant factor regarding extraction efficiency, chlorophylls, total, and individual phenols as well as the volatile compounds 1,5‐hexadiene (3,4)‐diethyl, 3‐ethyl‐1,5‐octadiene, hexanal, and (E)‐2‐hexenal.Practical Application: It is found that screen open area is a relevant factor regarding extraction efficiency, chlorophylls, total and individual phenols and volatile compounds, in addition to the screen size and rotor speed. This is useful information for millers who are interested in optimizing extraction efficiency as well as the minor compounds of extra virgin olive oil.Hammer mill sieve design impacts extraction efficiency, chlorophylls, total and individual phenols, and the volatile compounds during laboratory‐scale extraction of olive oil.
PKIoT: A public key infrastructure for the Internet of Things
Authors: Marino Francesco , Moiso Corrado , Petracca Matteo 
Published: July 2019

AbstractInternet of Things (IoT) nodes participating in the implementation of next‐generation IoT applications will need standard methods to authenticate each other and secure their communications. However, the use of certificates and public key infrastructure (PKI) technologies, widely employed in the Internet, is not straightforward in this context because of the limitations of the involved entities. This paper presents the public key infrastructure for the Internet of Things (PKIoT) architecture, a solution which aims at enabling certificate‐based authentication in the forthcoming IoT scenarios by allowing the flexible outsourcing of the most demanding security‐related tasks and by introducing a new type of compact certificate. This paper also highlights the role that this architecture can play in the context of the oneM2 M security framework in enabling standard secure machine‐2‐machine interactions. In conclusion, this paper reports the results of the conducted experiments, which show the effectiveness of the proposed approach in reducing the execution time and the energy consumption of certificate‐based session establishment for Datagram Transport Layer Security up to 78% and 89% respectively, fostering this way standard and secure IoT transactions.
Nongenetic paternal effects via seminal fluid
Authors: Simmons Leigh W. , Lovegrove Maxine 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMounting evidence suggests that nongenetic paternal effects on offspring may be widespread among animal taxa, but the mechanisms underlying this form of nongenetic inheritance are not yet fully understood. Here, we show that seminal fluids underlie paternal effects on early offspring survival in an insect, the cricket Teleogryllus oceanicus, and quantify the contribution of this paternal effect to the inheritance of this important fitness trait. We used castrated males within a full-sib half-sib experimental design to show that seminal fluid donors were responsible for variation in the survival of developing embryos to hatching, and in their subsequent survival to adulthood. Increased expression of two seminal fluid protein genes, previously found to be positively associated with sperm quality, was found to be negatively associated with embryo survival. These nongenetic paternal effects hold important implications for the evolution of adaptive maternal responses to sperm competition, and more broadly for the interpretation of sire effects from classic quantitative genetic breeding designs.
Detection of mycobiota, aflatoxigenic and ochratoxigenic genes, and cytotoxic ability in spices
Authors: El‐Dawy Eman Gamal Abd Elnaser , Yassein Asmaa Sabry , El‐Said Ahmed Hussein 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSpices are portions of plants because their properties are used as colorants, preservatives, or medicine. The employments of spices have been known since long time, and the interest in the capability of spices is astounding because of the chemical compounds contained in spices. The molds grow on a variety of different crops and foodstuffs including spices often under warm and humid conditions. The mycobiota of five spice species were surveyed. Forty‐six fungal species were obtained. Aspergillus flavus and A. niger were the prevalent species recorded. The aflatoxins (AFs) and ochratoxins (OTs) were detected in some samples and isolates. Cumin had the highest concentration of AFs 8.2 ppb, while ginger had a considerable occurrence of OTs 6.7 ppb. A. flavus obtained from ginger recorded the maximum concentration of AFs 7.5 ppb, and A. niger from turmeric was the highest producer for OTs 3.6 ppb. omt‐A and Aopks genes were detected in all tested A. flavus isolates and two out of four A. niger isolates. One of the important properties of spices is cancer etiology and prevention. Ginger and sage were the highest cytotoxic against four human tumor cell lines.
Evaluation of Lethal Fish Sampling and the Nonlethal Alternative Under the Canadian Metal and Diamond Mining Environmental Effects Monitoring Program
Authors: Kambeitz Alyse , Wells Kelly , Rees Cassandra , Liber Karsten 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The Environmental Effects Monitoring (EEM) program, federally mandated to metal and diamond mines and mills in Canada, aims to ensure that fish, fish use, and their environment are sufficiently protected by the Metal and Diamond Mining Effluent Regulations (MDMER). Concerns have been raised regarding lethal fish sampling conducted for the program and the potential risk to fish populations. This study endeavored to calculate the extent of fish sacrificed during lethal EEM fish surveys to provide a more informed characterization for stakeholders. By extrapolating data from 28 studies conducted at 8 metal mines in Saskatchewan between 2004 and 2017, it was conservatively estimated that 60 060 ± 19 978 fish have been sacrificed for the program nationwide since its promulgation in 2002. This is almost 2 times greater than guidance recommendations due to numerous factors. Challenges faced when implementing the nonlethal fish population survey alternative were also evaluated, and some of these included data interpretation inconsistencies due to the lack of critical effect sizes (CES) included in the regulations for nonlethal effect endpoints, and reliance on capturing young of the year fish to assess the prescribed effect endpoints. Finally, a case study conducted to evaluate the congruity of lethal and nonlethal fish population survey results identified that the effect endpoints often produced conflicting conclusions for the same response variable. Ultimately, this study highlights that in order to strengthen and promote the use of nonlethal fish sampling as an alternate to the current standard of conducting lethal fish population surveys under the EEM program, the effect endpoints, study designs, and adoption of CES need to be thoroughly evaluated and included in the MDMER. If nonlethal sampling designs adequately provide the required data and meet program objectives, then there would be no need to continue sacrificing fish for the Canadian metal and diamond mining EEM program. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2019;00:1–10. © 2019 SETAC
Assessment of labor progression by intrapartum ultrasonography among term nulliparous women
Authors: Mohan Anubhuti , Mittal Pratima , Bharti Rekha , Grover Shabnam Bhandari , Suri Jyotsana , Mohan Usha 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo assess cervical dilation, fetal head station, and fetal head position by intrapartum ultrasonography and to compare the approach with digital vaginal examination (DVE).MethodsAn observational study conducted from October 2015 to January 2017 among term nulliparous women in active labor at a tertiary hospital in Delhi, India. Cervical dilation, head station, and head position were assessed by DVE, followed by ultrasonography within 10 minutes. The women's preference was also evaluated.ResultsOverall, 458 observations were obtained for 215 women. Cervical dilation measured by DVE was strongly correlated with ultrasonography findings (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.945; 95% confidence interval, 0.932–0.956; κ=0.837; P<0.001). Data for fetal head station and head position showed a fair correlation (κ=0.353 and κ=0.554, respectively; both P<0.001). The majority of women (186/215, 87%) reported a preference for ultrasonography over DVE for assessment of labor progression in a future pregnancy.ConclusionIntrapartum ultrasonography was preferred as an objective assessment tool for labor progression among term nulliparous women and therefore should be practiced in all labor rooms. Further studies on interobserver variation are recommended to establish the reproducibility of intrapartum assessment by ultrasonography.
Two‐dimensional heterostructure promoted infrared photodetection devices
Authors: Rao Gaofeng , Wang Xuepeng , Wang Yang , Wangyang Peihua , Yan Chaoyi , Chu Junwei , Xue Lanxin , Gong Chuanhui , Huang Jianwen , Xiong Jie , Li Yanrong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIt is a rapidly developed subject in expanding the fundamental properties and application of two‐dimensional (2D) materials. The weak van der Waals interaction in 2D materials inspired researchers to explore 2D heterostructures (2DHs) based broadband photodetectors in the far‐infrared (IR) and middle‐IR regions with high response and high detectivity. This review focuses on the strategy and motivation of designing 2DHs based high‐performance IR photodetectors, which provides a wide view of this field and new expectation for advanced photodetectors. First, the photocarriers' generation mechanism and frequently employed device structures are presented. Then, the 2DHs are divided into semimetal/semiconductor 2DHs, semiconductor/semiconductor 2DHs, and multidimensional semi‐2DHs; the advantages, motivation, mechanism, recent progress, and outlook are discussed. Finally, the challenges for next‐generation photodetectors are described for this rapidly developing field.
Management quality and acquisition performance: New evidence based on firm profitability
Authors: Liu Qingfeng , Sono Hui , Zhang Wei 
Published: July 2019

AbstractUsing corporate accounting profitability measures to proxy for management quality, we report evidence that acquisitions made by higher quality acquirers create greater shareholder value. More profitable acquirers earn better stock returns over the long term, although no consistent relationship is found between announcement‐period abnormal returns and firm profitability. More profitable acquirers also preserve shareholder value by reducing the likelihood of paying stock for acquisitions or overpaying the targets. Overall, our results provide new support for the hypothesis that better acquirers make better acquisitions. Our results also convey a clear message to corporate accounting and financial executives, outside investors, and other professionals. When firms with poor accounting profitability make acquisitions, it is usually not good news.
Impact of technology in financial reporting: The case of Amazon Go
Authors: Türegün Nida 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSince the beginning of the 21st century, there is no doubt that humanity has made a huge step forward in the field of robotics. In the next 20 years, financial reporting will see a stronger change thanks to machine learning, artificial intelligence, block chain, and big data usage. With the convergence of artificial intelligence and block chain, it is now clear that in the near future the work of the accounting profession will be supported by automation. Thus, the aim of the study to introduce the effects of technological changes and transformations on the future of financial reporting. The study first introduces technological tools and provides an overview of the advantages and threats of technological changes to financial reporting. Then, the study provides a case of Amazon Go to display the transformation of financial reporting with the technological changes.
Systemic immune‐inflammation index, neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio, platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio can predict clinical outcomes in patients with metastatic non‐small‐cell lung cancer treated with nivolumab
Authors: Liu Jingjing , Li Shuang , Zhang Shuang , Liu Ying , Ma Lixia , Zhu Jing , Xin Ying , Wang Ying , Yang Changliang , Cheng Ying 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundExplore markers to predict the clinical outcomes of checkpoint inhibitors have high unmet needs. The following study investigates whether hematologic parameter such as systemic immune‐inflammation index (SII), neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR) is associated with nivolumab efficacy in advanced non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsAdvanced/metastatic NSCLC patients treated with nivolumab monotherapy for second‐line or further‐line treatment at Jilin Cancer Hospital between March 2016 and July 2018 were enrolled in this retrospective study. The optimal cutoff values of SII, NLR, and PLR for predicting efficacy and prognosis were determined according to receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the areas under the ROC curve. Progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated and compared using Kaplan‐Meier method and log‐rank test. Prognostic values of each variable were evaluated with univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression (PHR) analyses.ResultsA total of 44 patients with advanced NSCLC were included; the median age was 60 (range: 43‐74). The optimal cutoff value of SII/NLR/PLR predicted PFS and OS was 603.5, 3.07, and 144. Low SII, NLR, and PLR were associated with longer PFS (HR for SII = 0.34, 95%CI 0.15‐0.76, P = 0.006; HR for NLR = 0.46, 95%CI 0.22‐0.99, P = 0.048; HR for PLR = 0.39, 95%CI 0.17‐0.94, P = 0.025) and OS (HR for SII = 0.16, 95%CI 0.05‐0.51, P = 0.005; HR for NLR = 0.20, 95%CI 0.06‐0.62, P = 0.002; HR for PLR = 0.20, 95%CI 0.06‐0.73, P = 0.008). NLR ≤ 3.07, PLR ≤ 144, SII ≤ 603.5 were independently associated with longer PFS and OS.ConclusionThe SII, NLR, and PLR are promising prognostic predictor for patients with metastatic NSCLC patients.
Retracted: EZH2 regulates H2B phosphorylation and elevates colon cancer cell autophagy
Authors: Liu Zhongyuan , Yang Le , Zhong Chongbai , Zhou Ling 
Published: July 2019

AbstractEpigenetic alterations, especially histone modification, play vital roles in the pathogenesis of colon cancer. Upregulation of the enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) has been reported to contribute to the initiation and progression of colon cancer. This study analyzed the association between EZH2 and phosphorylation of H2B at tyrosine 37 (H2BY37ph) in colon cancer tissues and cells, along with the influences of the EZH2‐H2BY37ph axis on colon cancer cell autophagy. Immunohistochemistry was utilized to assess EZH2 and H2BY37ph expressions in clinical samples of colon cancer. Cell transfection was carried out to alter EZH2 and H2BY37ph expressions in colon cancer cells. Co‐immunoprecipitation analysis and glutathione‐S‐transferase (GST) pull down assay were conducted to analyze the association between EZH2 and H2BY37ph. Western blotting was utilized to measure proteins expressions related to cell autophagy. We found that there was a positive association between EZH2 and H2BY37ph in colon cancer tissues and cells. EZH2 directly interacted with H2B and promoted H2BY37ph in colon cancer cells using ATP as a phosphate donor. Moreover, EZH2 levated colon cancer cell autophagy in starvation condition. H2BY37ph was required for EZH2‐elevated colon cancer cell autophagy under starvation condition. The EZH2‐H2BY37ph axis elevated colon cancer cell autophagy possibly via activating transcriptional regulation of ATG genes. In conclusion, EZH2‐elevated colon cancer initiation and progression at least in part via inducing colon cancer cell autophagy. EZH2 could phosphorylate H2BY37 and then induce transcription activation of ATG genes in colon cancer cells under starvation condition.
Microbial synthesis of graphene‐supported highly‐dispersed Pd‐Ag bimetallic nanoparticles and its catalytic activity
Authors: Han Ruishan , Song Xin , Wang Qianhua , Qi Yushun , Deng Guozhi , Zhang Aiyong , Wang Qinian , Chang Fangyuan , Wu Chao , Cheng Yuanyuan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDGraphene‐supported nanocomposites are promising catalysts for their unique properties. Biosynthesis of such hybrid catalysts possesses several advantages over other methods such as less pollution. The palladium nanoparticle has versatile catalytic activities and its stability and activities can be significantly improved through hybridization with other nanomaterials including graphene.RESULTSIn this study, bimetallic palladium‐silver nanoparticles supported on graphene (Pd‐Ag/rGO) was prepared through one‐step biosynthesis using a bacterium Shewanella oneidensis MR‐1. Shewanella oneidensis MR‐1 synthesized Pd‐Ag/rGO through simultaneous reduction of silver nitrate (AgNO3), palladium(II) nitrate (Pd(NO3)2) and graphene oxide (GO). The morphology and composition of the Pd‐Ag/rGO were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X‐ray, X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Furthermore, the hydrogenation activity of synthesized Pd‐Ag/rGO was tested using 4‐nitrophenol as a model chemical at room temperatures and pressure. The Pd‐Ag/rGO showed the best catalytic performance when Pd/Ag ratio was 1:1 and bacterial concentration was 1.0 of OD600 (optical density measured at a wavelength of 600 nm) for the preparation of Pd‐Ag/rGO. Therefore, the kinetic rate constant for 4‐NP reduction was 0.2413 min−1 catalyzed by as‐prepared Pd‐Ag/rGO, which is listed as one of the top level reported catalysts for 4‐NP reduction.CONCLUSIONTherefore, this study demonstrated a material and energy‐saving method to synthesize hybrid nanoparticles supported on graphene with high catalytic activity. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Longitudinal Effects of Acute Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears on Peri‐Articular Bone in Human Knees Within the First Year of Injury
Authors: Kroker Andres , Besler Bryce A. , Bhatla Jennifer L. , Shtil Mariya , Salat Peter , Mohtadi Nicholas , Walker Richard E. , Manske Sarah L. , Boyd Steven K. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTAnterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears are common sports‐related knee injuries that increase the risk of developing post‐traumatic osteoarthritis. ACL tears are rarely an isolated injury but are often associated with traumatic bone marrow lesions (BMLs). While early loss of bone mass following the ACL injury has been previously described, to date, microarchitectural information has not been reported due to the limited resolution of clinical imaging systems. In this study, we provide the first evidence of detailed bone mass and microarchitectural changes in the first 10 months following an acute ACL tear, and localized to traumatic BMLs. Fifteen participants with an acute unilateral ACL tear were assessed at four‐time points using dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry and high‐resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography, and traumatic BMLs were identified with magnetic resonance imaging. Loss of bone mass was localized to the injured knee (−4.6% to −15.8%, depending on bone and depth) and was accelerated immediately following the injury before suggesting a recovery phase. This loss of bone was accelerated even greater in traumatic BMLs (−18.2% to −20.6%, depending on bone). Bone loss was accompanied by microstructural degeneration of trabecular bone. For example, in the lateral femur of the injured knee, the subchondral bone plate decreased in thickness (−9.0%). This study confirmed loss of bone mass in the months following ACL tears and described the underlying bone microstructural changes. The presented bone changes were accelerated in regions of traumatic BMLs. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:2325–2336, 2019