bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic performance of artificial intelligence in detecting oral potentially malignant disorders and oral cancer using medical diagnostic imaging: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sahoo Rakesh Kumar , Sahoo Krushna Chandra , Dash Girish Chandra , Kumar Gunjan , Baliarsingh Santos Kumar , Panda Bhuputra , Pati Sanghamitra 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveOral cancer is a widespread global health problem characterised by high mortality rates, wherein early detection is critical for better survival outcomes and quality of life. While visual examination is the primary method for detecting oral cancer, it may not be practical in remote areas. AI algorithms have shown some promise in detecting cancer from medical images, but their effectiveness in oral cancer detection remains Naïve. This systematic review aims to provide an extensive assessment of the existing evidence about the diagnostic accuracy of AI-driven approaches for detecting oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) and oral cancer using medical diagnostic imaging.MethodsAdhering to PRISMA guidelines, the review scrutinised literature from PubMed, Scopus, and IEEE databases, with a specific focus on evaluating the performance of AI architectures across diverse imaging modalities for the detection of these conditions.ResultsThe performance of AI models, measured by sensitivity and specificity, was assessed using a hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve, with heterogeneity quantified through I2 statistic. To account for inter-study variability, a random effects model was utilized. We screened 296 articles, included 55 studies for qualitative synthesis, and selected 18 studies for meta-analysis. Studies evaluating the diagnostic efficacy of AI-based methods reveal a high sensitivity of 0.87 and specificity of 0.81. The diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of 131.63 indicates a high likelihood of accurate diagnosis of oral cancer and OPMDs. The SROC curve (AUC) of 0.9758 indicates the exceptional diagnostic performance of such models. The research showed that deep learning (DL) architectures, especially CNNs (convolutional neural networks), were the best at finding OPMDs and oral cancer. Histopathological images exhibited the greatest sensitivity and specificity in these detections.ConclusionThese findings suggest that AI algorithms have the potential to function as reliable tools for the early diagnosis of OPMDs and oral cancer, offering significant advantages, particularly in resource-constrained settings.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/, PROSPERO (CRD42023476706).
From plate to waste: a cross-sectional study of food waste trends in Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al Khatib Alissar , Hassanein Salwa , Abdrbo Amany , Almari Mohammed , AL-Turaiki Sommanah M. , Alkhunaizi May , Antar Ahmad 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundFood waste is a global concern that needs special attention and urgent actions to reduce the amount of wasted food. This study aims to investigate the trend of food waste in Al Ahsa.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study designed to analyze the factors associated with the generation of wasted food within Al Ahsa community.ResultsThe results showed that out of 257 participants, 82.9% were of Saudi nationality, 83.3% were females, 69.6% below 34 years and the family sizes mean was around 6. The majority of study participants were unemployed (62.3%), the employed ones were in healthcare field (56.4%). No significant gender differences was found in terms of other food waste-related variables. No significant association was found with age and occupation. Non-Saudi participants significantly report a lower frequency of wasting food and a higher rate of attitudes toward food waste sorting with p = 0.02 and p = 0.02, respectively. Working participants showed significant differences in terms of attitudes toward food waste sorting (p = 0.002), attitudes toward reducing food waste (p = 0.042), and the amount of food wasted per day (p = 0.010) when compared to those who are not working. Doctorate level of education exhibited significant (p = 0.002) attitudes toward food waste sorting and those who are in the commerce field of education had higher mean scores (M = 2.81, SD = 0.84) to reduce food waste. The cause of food waste was related to expiry date (61.1%). The common cause of wasting food when eating out or ordering online, was related to participants’ preference for trying a variety of dishes (40.1%). The participants adherent to home-cooked food during pandemic (mean 3.85, SD 1.40). Males reported a slightly higher impact of COVID-19 on their dietary habits when compared to females (p = 0.04). The majority of participants agreed that sharing food with neighbors decreases food waste (Mean = 3.96, SD = 1.32). Moreover, they do not throw food due to religious and cultural beliefs (Mean = 3.36, SD = 1.60).ConclusionCreating educational campaigns, promoting sustainable waste management and integrating technology to reduce food waste are recommended to achieve Saudi vision 2030.
CSF flow measurement in the mesencephalic aqueduct using 2D cine phase-contrast MRI in dogs with communicating internal hydrocephalus, ventriculomegaly, and physiologic ventricular spaces
Authors: Farke Daniela , Dörn Francesca , Schaub Sebastian , Wenz Ella , Büttner Katharina , Schmidt Martin J. 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundBrachycephalic dogs are overrepresented with ventricular enlargement. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow dynamics are not completely understood. MRI techniques have been used for the visualization of CSF dynamics including phase-contrast imaging.ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine a causality between CSF flow and ventriculomegaly or hydrocephalus and to compare CSF flow dynamics among dogs with ventriculomegaly, internal hydrocephalus, and physiologic ventricles.AnimalsA total of 51 client-owned dogs were included in the study.MethodsMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based FLASH sequences and phase-contrast images of the brain were obtained, and the ROI was placed at the level of the mesencephalic aqueduct. ECG monitoring was performed parallel to MRI acquisition. Evaluation of flow diagrams and processing of phase-contrast images were performed using commercially available software (Argus VA80A, Siemens AG Healthcare Sector, Erlangen, Germany). Dogs were divided into three groups: Group 1 consisted of brachycephalic dogs with ventriculomegaly (group 1A) or internal hydrocephalus (group 1B), group 2 consisted of brachycephalic dogs with normal ventricles, and group 3 consisted of meso- to dolichocephalic dogs with normal ventricles.ResultsGroup 1 had a higher median Vrost (4.32 cm/s; CI: 2.94–6.33 cm/s) and Vcaud (−6.1 cm/s, CI: 3.99–9.33 cm/s) than group 2 (Vrost: 1.99 cm/s; CI 1.43–2.78 cm/s; Vcaud: 2.91 cm/s, CI: 2.01–4.21 cm/s; p = 0.008; p = 0.03) and group 3 (Vrost:1.85 cm/s, CI: 1.31–2.60 cm/s; Vcaud − 2.46 cm/s, CI 1.68–3.58 cm/s; p = 0.01; p = 0.02). The median Volcaud of group 1 (−0.23 mL/min, CI: 0.13–0.42 mL/min) was higher than that of group 2 (−0.09 mL/min, CI: 0.05 mL/min and 0.15 mL/min) (p = 0.03). Groups 1A and 1B did not differ in Vcaud, Vrost, Volcaud, and Volrost. Group 1A and 1B showed a higher median Vrost (4.01 cm/s, CI: 2.30–7.05 cm/s; 5.94 cm/s, CI: 2.16–7.88 cm/s) than group 2 (1.85 cm/s, CI: 1.24–2.80 cm/s.) (p = 0.03; p = 0.004).Conclusion and clinical importanceIncreased CSF flow velocities in rostral and caudal directions are present in dogs with ventriculomegaly and internal hydrocephalus compared to normal controls.
Peran Teknologi Dalam Pendidikan Agama Islam Pada Globalisasi Untuk Kaum Milenial (Pelajar)
Authors: Mardiana  , Nur Aisyah Euis Siti , Hardini Marvioila , Riadi Bagus 
Published: November 2024

Teknologi merupakan suatu sarana yang dapat dimanfaatkan dalam mengenalkan pendidikan agama islam dengan modern kepada kaum milenial. Karena perkembangan teknologi yang sering digunakan sebagai media informasi dan komunikasi yang dapat dinikmati oleh semua kalangan tanpa terkecuali. Dimana dapat dilihat kaum milenial menganggap bahwa pendidikan agama islam sangat sulit untuk dapat dipelajari dan media yang digunakan hanya dapat diakses secara manual dan monoton. Oleh sebab itu penelitian ini bertujuan ingin mengetahui peran apa saja yang dapat dilakukan teknologi dalam mengenalkan agama islam pada globalisasi terhadap kaum milenial. Pada melakukan penelitian menggunakan metode studi pustaka dengan mereview paper-paper sebelumnya. Seiring berjalannya penelitian tersebut dapat memberikan dampak positif terhadap kaum milenial dalam menggunakan teknologi dengan baik dan mengenalkan media berupa aplikasi untuk dapat diakses dengan mudah dan proses pembelajaran lebih kekinian serta sesuai dengan perkembangan zaman yang sangat cepat berubah-ubah. Peran orang tua dalam memahami teknologi untuk dapat menggunakan media yang baik dalam memberikan edukasi kepada anak dalam mengajarkan agama menjadi mudah dan tidak ada kata biaya mahal serta akses yang dituju jauh. Hasil dari penelitian tersebut dapat dilihat bahwa kaum milenial yang dapat memanfaatkan teknologi dengan baik membawa dirinya lebih baik dengan mengetahui larangan-larangan yang harus dijauhi, mendapatkan pahala dan menambah relasi baru dalam menambah pengetahuan.
Transformasi Hukum Islam dan Dampak Sosial bagi Generasi Z
Authors: Hariguna Taqwa , Supriyanti Dedeh , Yusup Muhammad , Nabila Efa Ayu 
Published: November 2024

Produk baru banyak dihasilkan oleh perkembangan zaman juga teknologi, baik yang seperti kedokteran, telekomunikasi, berbagai teknologi dalam bidang pangan serta kosmetik, sehingga berbagai interaksi sosial hadir di dalam masyarakat, dan memerlukan isi dalam hukum Islam untuk menghadapi perubahan pada berbagai zaman serta pengalihan kehidupan sosial tersebut. Keterkaitan melakukan perubahan dimiliki oleh hukum islam serta dinamika sosial. Keberadaan hukum Islam yang dibawa oleh Nabi kita Muhammad SAW. dengan jelas dari masyarakat zaman dahulu yang masih jahiliyyah dan sangat mengedepankan kepada adat kebiasaan mereka lalu maju menjadi masyarakat Islam yang berpegang teguh akan hukum yang diturunkan oleh Allah yaitu Hukum Islam yang terjadi di masyarakat pada waktu itu. Selain itu, dilakukan juga perubahan oleh hukum Islam dikaernakan banyak perubahan hukum sosial. Fuqaha memberitahukan kaidah fiqih: “berubahnya fatwa dengan sebab berubahnya masa, tempat, keadaan (niat) dan adat kebiasaan.” Islam memiliki hukum yang dinamis, Dengan melakukan perubahan hukum, kita mampu menyesuaikan, maka hukum Islam itu dapat sesuai dan masuk melalui perkembangan zaman dan perubahan sosial yang ada pada zaman sekarang. Metode yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini merupakan literature review mengenai perubahan sosial dan hukum Islam zaman sekarang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk pemeliharaan bentuk hukum yang masih dipandang masuk dengan nilai-nilai dalam kehidupan kemanusiaan. Pembaruan ini merupakan perubahan hukum pada masa lalu untuk disempurnakan.
Analisis Kelayakan Usaha dan Nilai Tambah Olahan Kedelai Menjadi Tempe pada UMKM Super Murni Kecamatan Bekasi Selatan Kota Bekasi
Authors: Rahmadinanti Dwi Utami , Muharam Muharam , Yusiana Ekalia 
Published: November 2024

Agriculture plays an important role in providing food sources that support the survival of society. The growth of the agro-industrial sector not only provides economic benefits for businesses but also contributes to improving the welfare of farmers and the sustainability of the agricultural sector as a whole. Soybean as a multifunctional crop can be utilised to make various culinary delights including tempeh, a traditional Indonesian food. The main objective of this study, conducted by Super Murni MSME, is to evaluate the added value contributed in one production and the business feasibility of tempe production at Super Murni MSME. By considering prices, inputs, and outputs, a value-added analysis approach using the Hayami method and R/C ratio is needed to determine the feasibility of the company. The results showed that the added value required by Super Murni MSMEs in one production of tempe geblekan reached IDR 23,072 or around 61%, using the value-added ratio, the margin obtained reached IDR 21,348 for tempe geblekan. As for tempe lonjoran, the added value is IDR 35,372 or around 71%, with a profit of IDR 31,205. The calculation of business feasibility using the R/C ratio shows a figure of 1.25 for tempe geblekan which indicates that the Company can develop based on the R/C ratio criteria and an R/C ratio of 1.00 for tempe lonjoran which indicates that this business can be developed because it does not experience losses or profits (break-even) to be operated.
Pengaruh Aplikasi Edible Coating Gel Lidah Buaya dan Kitosan terhadap Mutu Buah Stroberi pada Penyimpanan Suhu Ruang dan Suhu Rendah
Authors: Astutiningsih Astutiningsih , Noertjahyani Noertjahyani , Mulya Hudaya , Aisyah Iis 
Published: November 2024

Strawberries are nonclimateric fruits harvested in the final stages of ripening, so they are highly damaged due to cellular fragility, high respiration rate, and susceptibility to fungal growth. This study aims to test the effectiveness of edible coating of aloe vera gel and chitosan to maintain the quality and shelf life of strawberries. The study was carried out by experimental method with split plot by group random design. Storage temperature treatment as the main plot consists of two treatment levels, namely 25±2o C and 4±1o C, while the concentration of edible coating combination as a plot consists of five treatment levels, namely control without edible coating, aloe vera gel 40%, chitosan 2%, aloe vera gel 40% + chitosan 2%, and aloe vera gel 20% + chitosan 1%. Quality attributes including weight loss, fruit hardness, total dissolved solids, decay index, and shelf life are observed until total deterioration occurs. The results showed that at a storage temperature of 25±2° C, chitosan 2% treatment was more able to maintain the quality attributes of strawberries compared to other treatments. Meanwhile, at a storage temperature of 4±1°C, edible coating treatment of 40% aloe vera gel and 40% aloe vera gel + 2% chitosan which more effectively maintains the quality attributes of strawberries. However, for shelf life parameters, only the temperature factor of the storage room affects the length of shelf life of strawberries. The longest shelf life is achieved at low temperature storage (4±1°C) with edible coating treatment of 40% aloe vera gel + 2% chitosan (13.33 days). However, according to the LSD test at a real level of 5%, this value was not significantly different from other edible coating treatments stored at low temperatures, including the lowest shelf life that occurred in controls without edible coatings (10.67 days).
Pengaruh Dosis Pupuk Kandang Kambing terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil pada Dua Varietas Kacang Panjang (Vigna unguiculata L.)
Authors: Rusmana Azhar Indra , Budiasih Rade , Widodo R. Wahyono 
Published: November 2024

Poor choice of varieties and the decrease in soil fertility are among the few variables that can affect long peanut productivity. The aim of this research is to study how the dose of goat fertilizer and long bean varieties affects the growth and yield of long beans. The research was a factorial experiment with two factors and three replications using the Randomized Blok Design (RBD) method. The first factor, the dose of goat manure 0 ton ha-1(k0), 10 ton ha-1(k1), 20 ton ha-1(k2), 30 ton ha-1(k3), and 40 ton ha-1(k4). The second factor was long bean varieties Kanton Tavi (v1) and Katrina (v2). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) at the 5% level. The results of the experiment showed an interaction in the parameters of plant height 7 DAP and 14 DAP, number of leaves 14 DAP, 21 DAP, 28 DAP, number of pods per plant, and pod weight per plot. A dose of 30-ton ha-1 (k3) goat pen fertilizer produced a healthy amount of beans on the cantonese Kanton Tavi variety (v1) with X optimum (v1) = 29,08 ton ha-1 and Y maximum (v1) = 21,86 ton ha-1 and on Katrina variety (v2) X optimum (v2) = 25,15 ton ha-1 and maximum y (v2) = 20,56 ton ha-1.
Identifikasi Perubahan Iklim dan Korelasinya terhadap Produksi Tanaman Padi (Oryza sativa L.) di Kabupaten Karawang
Authors: Gunawan Gia Putra , Ruminta Ruminta , Wicaksono Fiky Yulianto 
Published: November 2024

Rice is a food crop that is widely consumed by Indonesian people. Water availability and environmental conditions greatly influence the growth of rice plants, so that climate change can affect the production and productivity of rice plants. Efforts to anticipate a decline in rice production and productivity due to climate change require a study by identifying climate variabels, analyzing the correlation between climate and rice plants, and identifying solutions to adapt to climate change. The research was conducted in Karawang Regency using quantitative-descriptive methods, with the data analyzed being climate variabels including rainfall, temperature, humidity from 1991-2022 and rice plant variabels including rice production and productivity from 1991-2022. The analysis was carried out using trend analysis, correlation, regression, auto-regressive integrated moving average methods, and farmer interviews as analyses of adaptation strategies. The results of the research show that climate change has occurred in Karawang Regency as indicated by a decrease in rainfall intensity of 41.84 mm, a decrease in humidity percentage of 4.69%, and an increase in temperature of 〖0,92 〗^o C, and the climate type according to Oldeman is type D2, or there is no change in Oldeman’s Agroclimate zone. The results of interviews for adaptations include rotating crop planting, managing planting time, using seeds that are resistant to pest attacks, paying attention to the type of fertilizer used, controlling pests using insecticides or natural predators, and pumping water for irrigation channels.
Analisis Pendapatan dan Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pendapatan Usaha Emping Melinjo
Authors: Suminar Yuyum , Dwirayani Dina , Trisnaningsih Umi 
Published: November 2024

This study aims to find out: (1) The cost of emping melinjo business. (2) Business income emping melinjo. (3) What factors affect the business income of emping melinjo. The method used in this study is quantitative research method. The population in this study is emping melinjo business actors in Tuk Village, Kedawung District, Cirebon Regency. The sampling technique in this study was to use a simple random sampling technique as many as 52 business actors were sampled. The data analysis technique used are classical assumption test and multiple linear regression using SPSS 22 aplication. The results showed that: (1) The costs incurred for fixed costs and variable costs were RP 85,531/month and RP 16.302.433/month respectively with total costs of Rp 16.387.964/month and average receipts of Rp 19.119.519/month. (2) Average income of Rp 2.731.556/month and worth working on with an R/C ratio of 1.18. (3) Factors that affect emping melinjo business income are selling price, raw material price, and length of business. The results of this study are useful for emping melinjo business actors in order to increase business income.
الموقف الأمريكي من حالة حقوق الإنسان في قطر ما بين (2011-2021)
Authors: Al-Majali Radwan Mahmoud , Bani Salameh Mohammed Torki 
Published: November 2024

الأهداف: هدفت الدراسة إلى تبيان موقف الولايات المتحدة من حالة حقوق الإنسان في دولة قطر للسنوات (2011-2021).
المنهجية: استخدمت الدراسة منهج صنع القرار لتتبع الموقف الأمريكي تجاه حالة حقوق الإنسان في قطر ومنهج تحليل النظم لبيان طبيعة النظام السياسي القطري من حيث المدخلات والمخرجات وموقع حقوق الإنسان وتأثيراته في البيئة الداخلية والخارجية للنظام.
النتائج: وبينت الدراسة أن دولة قطر قامت بتحصين حقوق الإنسان في الدستور والتشريعات والقوانين القطرية. إلا انه على مستوى الممارسة قيدت الحريات المدنية وحرية الرأي والتعبير وحرية الصحافة ودور النشر، ومحدودية المشاركة وضعفها في مؤشر المشاركة السياسية فقوانين الدولة تضمن حق تشكيل التنظيمات السياسية، والعمل السياسي، وسلامة الممارسين للعمل السياسي.
وفيما يتعلق بموقف الولايات المتحدة من حقوق الإنسان في دولة قطر فقد خلصت الدراسة أن التقارير الأمريكية هي تقارير تقوم بالدرجة رئيسية على الحالات الفردية لانتهاكات حقوق الإنسان، والمتعلقة بحرية التعبير وسجناء الرأي والاحتجاز التعسفي وحق التظاهر السلمي والعراقيل التي تواجه أنشطة منظمات المجتمع المدني، وذلك بدرجة تفوق الاهتمام بحالات الانتهاكات الجسيمة لحقوق الإنسان المتعلقة بالعدوان والاحتلال وتمويل الإرهاب واستخدام المرتزقة ومجمل انتهاكات القانون الدولي العام والإنساني.
التوصيات: خلصت الدراسة إلى أن التقارير المرتبطة بانتهاك الحريات الدينية، ترتبط بجزء كبير منه بمعايير أمريكية-غربية علمانية (الفصل بين الدين والدولة)، وتعني إشاعة القيم الغربية وإحلالها محل الثقافة العربية الإسلامية، وأن الولايات المتحدة تحاول وعلى نحو متواصل توظيف قضايا حقوق الإنسان سياسيا على الساحة الدولية بما يتيح لها التدخل في الدول الأخرى، وتحويلها إلى أداة للابتزاز والضغط على بعض الدول دون غيرها لتبرير فكرة التدخل الإنساني، وتُسخر عوامل قوتها ونفوذها للتأثير على منظمة الأمم المتحدة وتوظيفها وتكييف قراراتها بما يخدم مصالحها ومصالح حلفائها الغربيين.
RESPON PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI CABAI MERAH (Capsicum annum L) DALAM BUDIDAYA ORGANIK DENGAN MEMANFAATKAN CAMPURAN PUPUK ORGANIK PELEPAH DAN TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT
Authors: Sunarti Sunarti , Pratama Sipatri , Nurlianti Nurlianti 
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon pertumbuhan dan produksi cabai merah (Capsicum annum L.) pada budidaya organik dengan menggunakan pupuk organik campuran pelepah dan tandan kosong kelapa sawit. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2022 sampai bulan April 2023, di Desa Lubuk Sini, Kecamatan Taba Penanjung, Kabupaten Bengkulu Tengah, Propinsi Bengkulu. Percobaan mengunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Faktorial, dengan 2 faktor dan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah komposisi pupuk (K) yaitu : K1 = pelepah sawit + tandan kosong kelapa sawit (1:1), K2 = pelepah sawit + tandan kosong kelapa sawit (1:2) dan K3 = pelepah sawit + tandan kosong kelapa sawit (2:1). Faktor kedua adalah dosis pupuk (D): D1 = 15 ton/ha, D2 = 20 ton/ha dan D3 = 25 ton/ha. Didapat 27 satuan percobaan, setiap satuan percobaan terdiri dari 5 tanaman sehingga ada 135 tanaman percobaan yang diamati. Hasil sidik ragam yang bebeda nyata akan diuji lanjut dengan menggunakan Ducan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) dengan taraf uji 0,05.
Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa perlakuan komposisi pupuk berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap jumlah cabang, jumlah buah dan bobot buah. Perlakuan dosis memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah buah umur 14 MST.
Perlakuan komposisi pupuk terbaik didapatkan pada perlakuan K2 (perbandingan Pelepah sawit dan tandan kosong kelapa sawit, 1:2). Perlakuan dosis terbaik didapat pada perlakuan D3 (dosis 25 ton/ha).
Kata kunci: Cabai merah (Capsicum annum L), pupuk organic, pelepah sawit, tandan kosong kelapa sawit.