bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Severe hemorrhagic cystitis caused by the BK polyomavirus is associated with decreased survival post‐allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Kerbauy Lucila Nassif , Kerbauy Mariana Nassif , Bautzer Vivien , Chapchap Eduardo Cerello , de Mattos Vinicius Renan Pinto , da Rocha Juliana Dall’ Agnol , Esteves Iracema , Kutner Jose Mauro , Kerbauy Fabio Rodrigues , Ribeiro Andreza Alice Feitosa , Machado Clarisse Martins , Hamerschlak Nelson , Santos Fabio Pires de Souza 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundBK polyomavirus reactivation can occur following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) and may lead to hemorrhagic cystitis (BKPyV‐HC). We hypothesized that development of BKPyV‐HC is associated with increased mortality post allo‐HSCT.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed data on 133 adult patients (≥18 years old) who underwent allo‐HSCT from 2007 until 2014 at Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein in São Paulo, Brazil.ResultsThirty‐six patients presented with BKPyV‐HC after a median time of 42 days, with a 1‐year cumulative incidence probability of 28.9% (95% CI 21.5%‐36.7%). In a multivariate Cox model, risk factors for development of BKPyV‐HC included younger age, male sex, development of grade 2‐4 acute graft‐versus‐host disease and recipients of umbilical cord blood grafts. Development of grade 3‐4 BKPyV‐HC (but not grade 1‐2) was associated with a decreased overall survival (OS) in a multivariate Cox model (hazard ratio [HR] 7.51, P < 0.0001) and an increased risk of TRM (HR 3.66, P < 0.0001). Grade 3‐4 BKPyV‐HC was also associated with an increased risk of relapse that did not reach statistical significance (HR 3.01, P = 0.07). Median overall survival (OS) post‐BKPyV‐HC was 4.7 months, and cidofovir had no impact on survival.ConclusionDevelopment of BKPyV‐HC appears to be associated with decreased survival following allo‐HSCT.
Functional interrelation of MYC2 and HY5 plays an important role in Arabidopsis seedling development
Authors: Chakraborty Moumita , Gangappa Sreeramaiah N. , Maurya Jay P. , Sethi Vishmita , Srivastava Archana K. , Singh Aparna , Dutta Siddhartha , Ojha Madhusmita , Gupta Nisha , Sengupta Mandar , Ram Hasthi , Chattopadhyay Sudip 
Published: May 2019

SummaryArabidopsis MYC2 bHLH transcription factor plays a negative regulatory role in blue light (BL)‐mediated seedling development. HY5 bZIP protein works as a positive regulator of multiple wavelengths of light and promotes photomorphogenesis. Both MYC2 and HY5, belonging to two different classes of transcription factors, are the integrators of multiple signaling pathways. However, the functional interrelations of these two transcription factors in seedling development remain unknown. Additionally, whereas HY5‐mediated regulation of gene expression has been investigated in detail, the transcriptional regulation of HY5 itself is yet to be understood. Here, we show that HY5 and MYC2 work in an antagonistic manner in Arabidopsis seedling development. Our results reveal that HY5 expression is negatively regulated by MYC2 predominantly in BL, and at various stages of development. On the other hand, HY5 negatively regulates the expression of MYC2 at various wavelengths of light. In vitro and in vivo DNA–protein interaction studies suggest that MYC2 binds to the E‐box cis‐acting element of HY5 promoter. Collectively, this study demonstrates a coordinated regulation of MYC2 and HY5 in blue‐light‐mediated Arabidopsis seedling development.
One‐unit compared to two‐unit platelet transfusions for adult oncology outpatients
Authors: Gehrie Eric A. , Frank Steven M. , Visagie Mereze , Grabowski Mary K. , Tobian Aaron A. R. , Strockbine Valerie L. , DeMario Vincent M. , Lawrence Courtney E. , Hambley Bryan C. , Uglik Kristin , Ness Paul M. , DeZern Amy E. , Bloch Evan M. 
Published: May 2019

Background and ObjectivesPlatelet dosing has been studied in adult oncology inpatients, but there is almost no published evidence to guide platelet dosing for adult outpatients. We evaluated transfusion indices after 1 unit and 2 unit apheresis platelet transfusions at our hospital to determine whether a benefit to 2‐unit transfusions could be detected.Materials and MethodsA retrospective chart review was conducted of all adult oncology patients who received an outpatient platelet transfusion over a 16‐month period (July 2016–November 2017). Pre‐ and post‐transfusion platelet count, and chronology of subsequent platelet transfusions were compared.ResultsA total of 8467 platelet transfusions were administered to 602 patients during the study period. 59·8% of patients (n = 360) were transfused interchangeably with one or two platelets throughout the study period. The primary study population were comprised of these patients. On average, a 2‐unit platelet transfusions resulted in a higher immediate post‐transfusion platelet count (43 vs. 37 x 103/μl, P < 0·001) and a lower corrected count increment (9707 vs. 14 060, P < 0·001). Transfusion with 2 platelets did not increase the number of days between outpatient transfusions (median; 4 vs. 4, P = 0·959) or the platelet count at the time of next transfusion (11 vs. 11 x 103/μl, P = 0·147).ConclusionAmong adult, oncology outpatients that were transfused interchangeably with one or two units of platelets, transfusion with two platelets did not offer a durable improvement in platelet count or impact the subsequent transfusion schedule.
Hyperoxia speeds pulmonary oxygen uptake kinetics and increases critical power during supine cycling
Authors: Goulding Richie P. , Roche Denise M. , Marwood Simon 
Published: May 2019

New Findings
What is the central question of this study?
Critical power is a fundamental parameter defining high‐intensity exercise tolerance and is related to the phase II time constant of pulmonary oxygen uptake kinetics (). To test whether this relationship is causal, we assessed the impact of hyperoxia on and critical power during supine cycle exercise.

What is the main finding and its importance?
The results demonstrate that hyperoxia increased muscle oxygenation, reduced (i.e. sped up the oxygen uptake kinetics) and, subsequently, increased critical power when compared with normoxia. These results therefore suggest that is a determinant of the upper limit for steady‐state exercise, i.e. critical power.

AbstractThe present study determined the impact of hyperoxia on the phase II time constant of pulmonary oxygen uptake kinetics () and critical power (CP) during supine cycle exercise. Eight healthy men completed an incremental test to determine maximal oxygen uptake and the gas exchange threshold. Eight separate visits followed, whereby CP, and absolute concentrations of oxyhaemoglobin ([HbO2]; via near‐infrared spectroscopy) were determined via four constant‐power tests to exhaustion, each repeated once in normoxia and once in hyperoxia (fraction of inspired O2 = 0.5). A 6 min bout of moderate‐intensity exercise (70% of gas exchange threshold) was also undertaken before each severe‐intensity bout, in both conditions. Critical power was greater (hyperoxia, 148 ± 29 W versus normoxia, 134 ± 27 W; P = 0.006) and the reduced (hyperoxia, 33 ± 12 s versus normoxia, 52 ± 22 s, P = 0.007) during severe exercise in hyperoxia when compared with normoxia. Furthermore, [HbO2] was enhanced in hyperoxia compared with normoxia (hyperoxia, 67 ± 10 μm versus normoxia, 63 ± 11 μm; P = 0.020). The was significantly related to CP in hyperoxia (R2 = 0.89, P < 0.001), but no relationship was observed in normoxia (r = 0.07, P = 0.68). Muscle oxygenation was increased, reduced and CP increased in hyperoxia compared with normoxia, suggesting that is an independent determinant of CP. The finding that was related to CP in hyperoxia but not normoxia also supports this notion.
Geometric Design With Multiple Realizable Motion Tasks in the Vicinity of a Planar Mechanism–Environment Contact
Authors: Robson Nina , Chen Binyun 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This paper applies geometric design principles to planar mechanical systems, attempting to explain complex motion in mechanism–object/environment interaction for realizing multiple kinematic tasks in the vicinity of a contact location. The latter is a critical feature not fully captured in existing design methodologies. This is achieved through the development of a general planar geometric model that allows the derivation of multiple velocity and acceleration specifications compatible with mechanism–object curvature constraints in the vicinity of the contact. By incorporating these higher-order kinematic specifications into the design task formulation, contemporary planar kinematic synthesis is generalized allowing robust designs. The results are illustrated by the kinematic synthesis of two planar revolute–revolute (RR) linkages that are able to push and roll-slide along the object’s curvature in the vicinity of a contact location, a hybrid hand that incorporates a four-bar prosthetic finger that is able to grasp objects in two different modes, and a six-bar orthotic wheelchair for disabled canines that integrates body tilt and climbing motions.
Risk factors for disease progression in low-teens normal-tension glaucoma
Authors: Baek Sung Uk , Ha Ahnul , Kim Dai Woo , Jeoung Jin Wook , Park Ki Ho , Kim Young Kook 
Published: May 2019

Background/AimsTo investigate the risk factors for disease progression of normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) with pretreatment intraocular pressure (IOP) in the low-teens.MethodsOne-hundred and two (102) eyes of 102 patients with NTG with pretreatment IOP≤12 mm Hg who had been followed up for more than 60 months were retrospectively enrolled. Patients were divided into progressor and non-progressor groups according to visual field (VF) progression as correlated with change of optic disc or retinal nerve fibre layer defect. Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics including diurnal IOP and 24 hours blood pressure (BP) were compared between the two groups. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify the risk factors for disease progression.ResultsThirty-six patients (35.3%) were classified as progressors and 66 (64.7%) as non-progressors. Between the two groups, no significant differences were found in the follow-up periods (8.7±3.4 vs 7.7±3.2 years; p=0.138), baseline VF mean deviation (−4.50±5.65 vs −3.56±4.30 dB; p=0.348) or pretreatment IOP (11.34±1.21 vs 11.17±1.06 mm Hg; p=0.121). The multivariate Cox proportional hazards model indicated that greater diurnal IOP at baseline (HR=1.609; p=0.004), greater fluctuation of diastolic BP (DBP; HR=1.058; p=0.002) and presence of optic disc haemorrhage during follow-up (DH; HR=3.664; p=0.001) were risk factors for glaucoma progression.ConclusionIn the low-teens NTG eyes, 35.3% showed glaucoma progression during the average 8.7 years of follow-up. Fluctuation of DBP and diurnal IOP as well as DH were significantly associated with greater probability of disease progression.
Targeted, structured text messaging to improve dietary and lifestyle behaviours for people on maintenance haemodialysis (KIDNEYTEXT): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Stevenson Jessica , Campbell Katrina L , Brown Mark , Craig Jonathan , Howard Kirsten , Howell Martin , Khalid Rabia , Sud Kamal , Teixeira-Pinto Armando , Thiagalingam Aravinda , Tong Allison , Chow Clara , Lee Vincent W 
Published: May 2019

IntroductionManaging nutrition is critical for reducing morbidity and mortality in patients on haemodialysis but adherence to the complex dietary restrictions remains problematic. Innovative interventions to enhance the delivery of nutritional care are needed. The aim of this phase II trial is to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of a targeted mobile phone text messaging system to improve dietary and lifestyle behaviours in patients on long-term haemodialysis.Methods and analysisSingle-blinded randomised controlled trial with 6 months of follow-up in 130 patients on haemodialysis who will be randomised to either standard care or KIDNEYTEXT. The KIDNEYTEXT intervention group will receive three text messages per week for 6 months. The text messages provide customised dietary information and advice based on renal dietary guidelines and general healthy eating dietary guidelines, and motivation and support to improve behaviours. The primary outcome is feasibility including recruitment rate, drop-out rate, adherence to renal dietary recommendations, participant satisfaction and a process evaluation using semistructured interviews with a subset of purposively sampled participants. Secondary and exploratory outcomes include a range of clinical and behavioural outcomes and a healthcare utilisation cost analysis will be undertaken.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by the Western Sydney Local Health District Human Research Ethics Committee—Westmead. Results will be presented at scientific meetings and published in peer-reviewed publications.Trial registration numberACTRN12617001084370; Pre-results.
Public health impact model estimating the impact of introducing an adjuvanted recombinant zoster vaccine into the UK universal mass vaccination programme
Authors: van Oorschot Desirée A M , Hunjan Manjit , Bracke Benjamin , Lorenc Stéphane , Curran Desmond , Starkie-Camejo Helen 
Published: May 2019

ObjectivesIn 2013, the herpes zoster (HZ) immunisation programme was introduced in the UK, recommending vaccination of adults 70 years of age (YOA) with the zoster vaccine live (ZVL), the only vaccine available at the time. The recently approved adjuvanted recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV) has a substantially different clinical profile that may offer additional benefits.This study aimed to 1) assess the public health impact (PHI) of introducing RZV in the UK compared with the current vaccination strategy and 2) explore via scenario analyses the optimal age group of vaccination in terms of PHI.DesignA previously developed health economic model was adapted to the UK setting.SettingCalculations were based on efficacy data from pivotal clinical trials, HZ incidence and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) probability from a UK study and HZ-associated complication rates from published literature.PopulationThe base-case population considered a 2018-projected UK vaccination cohort of individuals 70 YOA.InterventionsVaccination with ZVL or RZV, assuming a first-dose coverage of 48.3% for both vaccines and 70% compliance for the second dose of RZV.Outcome measuresOutcomes included reduction of HZ and PHN cases, complications and the use of healthcare resources over a life-time horizon. The impact of coverage and second-dose compliance was also explored.ResultsCompared with no vaccination, RZV would lead to a reduction of 30 262 HZ and 5409 PHN cases while ZVL would lead to a reduction of 7909 HZ and 3567 PHN cases. The number needed to vaccinate to prevent 1 HZ case is 12 with RZV and 45 with ZVL. The highest PHI with RZV could be achieved in individuals 60 or 65 YOA.ConclusionUnder the model assumptions, RZV is predicted to avert more HZ and PHN cases compared with ZVL. Results were robust under different scenario and sensitivity analyses.
Online health information in a rural residential population in Zhejiang Province, China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Qiu Yan , Ren Wen , Liu Ying , Yin Pei , Ren Jingjing 
Published: May 2019

ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence, degree of trust and usefulness of the online health information seeking source and identify associated factors in the adult population from the rural region of China.DesignA cross-sectional population-based study.SettingA self-designed questionnaire study was conducted between May and June 2015 in four districts of Zhejiang Province.Participants652 adults aged ≥18 years (response rate: 82.8%).Primary outcome measuresThe prevalence, degree of trust and usefulness of online health information was the primary outcome. The associated factors were investigated by χ2test.ResultsOnly 34.8% of participants had faith in online health information; they still tended to select and trust a doctor which is the first choice for sources of health information. 36.7% of participants, being called ‘Internet users’, indicated that they had ever used the internet during the last 1 year. Among 239 internet users, 40.6% of them reported having sought health information via the internet. And 103 internet users responded that online health information was useful. Inferential analysis demonstrated that younger adults, individuals with higher education, people with a service-based tertiary industry career and excellent health status used online health information more often and had more faith in it (p<0.001).ConclusionsUsing the internet to access health information is uncommon in the rural residential adult population in Zhejiang, China. They still tend to seek and trust health information from a doctor. Internet as a source of health information should be encouraged.
Does binge drinking between the age of 18 and 25 years predict alcohol dependence in adulthood? A retrospective case–control study in France
Authors: Tavolacci Marie-Pierre , Berthon Quentin , Cerasuolo Damiano , Dechelotte Pierre , Ladner Joel , Baguet Alexandre 
Published: May 2019

ObjectiveA retrospective case–control study was conducted to evaluate whether frequent binge drinking between the age of 18 and 25 years was a risk factor for alcohol dependence in adulthood.SettingThe Department of Addictive Medicine and the Clinical Investigation Center of a university hospital in France.ParticipantsCases were alcohol-dependent patients between 25 and 45 years and diagnosed by a psychiatrist. Consecutive patients referred to the Department of Addictive Medicine of a university hospital between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2017 for alcohol dependence were included in the study. Controls were non-alcohol-dependent adults, defined according to an Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test score of less than 8, and were matched on age and sex with cases. Data on sociodemographics, behaviour and alcohol consumption were retrospectively collected for three life periods: before the age of 18 years; between the age of 18 and 25 years; and between the age of 25 and 45 years. Frequency of binge drinking between 18 and 25 years was categorised as frequent if more than twice a month, occasional if once a month and never if no binge drinking.Results166 adults between 25 and 45 years were included: 83 were alcohol-dependent and 83 were non-alcohol-dependent. The mean age was 34.6 years (SD: 5.1). Frequent binge drinking between 18 and 25 years occurred in 75.9% of cases and 41.0% of controls (p<0.0001). After multivariate analysis, frequent binge drinking between 18 and 25 years was a risk factor for alcohol dependence between 25 and 45 years: adjusted OR=2.83, 95% CI 1.10 to 7.25.ConclusionsFrequent binge drinking between 18 and 25 years appears to be a risk factor for alcohol dependence in adulthood. Prevention measures for binge drinking during preadulthood, especially frequent binge drinking, should be implemented to prevent acute consequences as injury and death and long-term consequences as alcohol dependence.Trial registration numberNCT03204214; Results.
Counterintuitive results from observational data: a case study and discussion
Authors: Doty Erik , Stone David J , McCague Ned , Celi Leo Anthony 
Published: May 2019

ObjectiveTo explore the issue of counterintuitive data via analysis of a representative case in which the data obtained was unexpected and inconsistent with current knowledge. We then discuss the issue of counterintuitive data while developing a framework for approaching such findings.DesignThe case study is a retrospective analysis of a cohort of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) patients. Regression was used to examine the association between perceived pain in the intensive care unit (ICU) and selected outcomes.SettingMedical Information Mart for Intensive Care-III, a publicly available, de-identified critical care patient database.Participants844 adult patients from the database who underwent CABG surgery and were extubated within 24 hours after ICU admission.Outcomes30 day mortality, 1 year mortality and hospital length of stay (LOS).ResultsIncreased pain levels were found to be significantly associated with reduced mortality at 30 days and 1 year, and shorter hospital LOS. A one-point increase in mean pain level was found to be associated with a reduction in the odds of 30 day and 1 year mortality by a factor of 0.457 (95% CI 0.304 to 0.687, p<0.01) and 0.710 (95% CI 0.571 to 0.881, p<0.01) respectively, and a 0.916 (95% CI −1.159 to –0.673, p<0.01) day decrease in hospital LOS.ConclusionThe finding of an association between increased pain and improved outcomes was unexpected and clinically counterintuitive. In an increasingly digitised age of medical big data, such results are likely to become more common. The reliability of such counterintuitive results must be carefully examined. We suggest several issues to consider in this analytic process. If the data is determined to be valid, consideration must then be made towards alternative explanations for the counterintuitive results observed. Such results may in fact indicate that current clinical knowledge is incomplete or not have been firmly based on empirical evidence and function to inspire further research into the factors involved.
Comparative effectiveness and safety of low-strength and high-strength direct oral anticoagulants compared with warfarin: a sequential cohort study
Authors: Pratt Nicole L , Ramsay Emmae , Kalisch Ellett Lisa M , Duszynski Katherine , Shakib Sepehr , Kerr Mhairi , Caughey Gillian , Roughead Elizabeth Ellen 
Published: May 2019

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to compare effectiveness and safety of low-strength and high-strength direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) with warfarin in the Australian Veteran population.DesignSequential cohort study using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) and propensity score matching. Initiators of high-strength (apixaban 5 mg, dabigatran 150 mg, rivaroxaban 20 mg) and low-strength DOACS (apixaban 2.5 mg, dabigatran 110 mg, rivaroxaban 15 mg) were compared with warfarin initiators.SettingAustralian Government Department of Veterans’ Affairs claims database.Participants4836 patients who initiated oral anticoagulants (45.8%, 26.0% and 28.2% on low-strength, high-strength DOACs and warfarin, respectively) between August 2013 and March 2015. Mean age was 85, 75 and 83 years for low-strength, high-strength DOACs and warfarin initiators, respectively.Main outcome measuresOne-year risk of hospitalisation for ischaemic stroke, any bleeding event or haemorrhagic stroke. Secondary outcomes were 1-year risk of hospitalisation for myocardial infarction and death.ResultsUsing the IPTW method, no difference in risk of ischaemic stroke or bleeding was found with low-strength DOACs compared with warfarin. As a class, no increased risk of myocardial infarction was found for low-strength DOACs, however, risk was elevated for apixaban (HR 2.25, 95% CI 1.23 to 4.13). For high-strength DOACs, no difference was found for ischaemic stroke compared with warfarin, however, there was a significant reduction in risk of bleeding events (HR 0.63, 95% CI 0.44 to 0.89) and death (HR 0.40, 95% CI 0.28 to 0.58). Propensity score matching showed no difference in risk of ischaemic stroke or bleeding.ConclusionWe found that in the practice setting both DOAC formulations were similar to warfarin with regard to effectiveness and had no increased risk of bleeding.