bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Children's Personality and Its Contribution to School Grades Inequality: Evidence From Mexico
Authors: Miranda Alfonso , Rodríguez‐Martínez Yahaira , Zhu Yu 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTWe explore the relationship between Big‐5 Personality Traits and school grades, using a novel survey of state primary school children in Mexico. Linear school fixed‐effects estimates controlling for household income, principal caregiver's education, IQ, and personality traits indicate that higher conscientiousness and agreeableness consistently and significantly correlate with high school performance in all subjects, net of child's IQ. A regression‐based inequality decomposition shows that a child's personality accounts for 5.1% and 6.5% of the inequality in mathematics for girls and boys, whereas for Spanish, it accounts for 3.9% and 8.0%, respectively. Results are robust to unobservable confounders using Oster bounds.
School Experiences in the Disease Management of Children With Celiac Disease: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Sahın Özlem Ozturk , Tasdelen Yeliz , Kutahyalıoglu Nesibe S. , Guney Emine Uzuntarla , Ozer Kadriye 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThis study was conducted to examine in depth the disease management experiences of school‐age children with celiac disease and the effects of family, friends, and teachers on disease management at school.MethodsThe study employed a qualitative research method using the phenomenology design. Face‐to‐face, semi‐structured, in‐depth interviews were conducted with children (n = 14) with celiac disease. The transcripts were analysed using a phenomenological approach and an inductive process.ResultsThree main themes were identified: Individual, Institutional, and Environmental. It was observed that children adapted better to the celiac diet as they got older, but they had difficulty adjusting to the diet in the school environment. In addition, it was found that school‐age children had challenges in diagnosing the disease and finding products suitable for the diet in a rural city with limited facilities. It was determined that the approaches of peers and teachers throughout the child's school life affected the disease management levels of children.ConclusionThe study reveals the emotional, cognitive, and behavioural difficulties that children face while adapting to celiac disease and diet, especially in the school environment. The results emphasize that school‐age children with celiac disease should not be ignored and that the school nurse plays an essential role in this process.
Imbalance of Myoinositol and D‐Chiro‐Inositol in Saliva of Children With Type‐1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Lima Pedro Henrique Moreira , Alves Cabral Karla Shangela da Silva , Costa E Forti Adriana , Nascimento Nilberto Robson Falcão do , Santos Claúdia Ferreira , Lima Aldo Angelo Moreira , Magalhães Lyvia Maria Vasconcelos Carneiro , Martins Ricardo Souza , Lima Vilma , Fonteles Manassés Claudino , Fonteles Cristiane Sá Roriz 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveEarlier work suggests Myoinositol (MI) and D‐chiro‐ inositol (DCI) imbalance in urine and plasma of diabetic patients, and their potential for monitoring insulin resistance. This study aimed to assess levels of Myoinositol (MI) and D‐chiro‐ inositol (DCI) in saliva of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM‐1) and controls, to verify if concentrations of MI and DCI are similarly altered in saliva, exploring their potential for monitoring DM‐1.Design, Patients and MeasurementsThis cross‐sectional clinical study enroled 45 patients (DM‐1, n = 25; Controls, n = 20). Children aged 3–12 years with fasting blood glucose levels > 126 mg/dL, and HbA1c levels > 7%. Saliva was collected, and salivary measurements included pH, flow rates and concentrations of MI, DCI and glucose, employing high‐performance liquid chromatography. Periodontal health was assessed using bleeding and plaque indices.ResultsChildren with DM‐1 showed elevated MI (p = 0.001), reduced DCI (p = 0.001), and increased MI‐DCI ratio (p = 0.001). The MI‐DCI ratio was elevated by 16‐fold among diabetic children. Plaque (p = 0.003) and gingival bleeding (p = 0.001) were higher in DM‐1 than controls. The MI increased the odds of an outcome of DM‐1 by 174%, while DCI reduced the odds by 63%, highlighting their strong and opposing effects on DM‐1.ConclusionsChildren with DM‐1 express higher MI and lower DCI levels, while non‐diabetic children show an inversion of these concentrations. Inositol imbalance in saliva of diabetic children resembles previous results in urine, and represents a possible venue for monitoring this disease, paving the way for future investigations into salivary inositols.
Olaparib Enhances the Efficacy of Third‐Generation Oncolytic Adenoviruses Against Glioblastoma by Modulating DNA Damage Response and p66shc‐Induced Apoptosis
Authors: Liu Yida , Fang Sheng , Wang Peiwen , Zhang Junwen , Liu Fusheng 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAimsPatients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) do not benefit from current cancer treatments, and their prognosis is dismal. This study aimed to investigate the potential synergistic effects of TS‐2021, a third‐generation oncolytic adenovirus, combined with the PARP inhibitor olaparib in GBM.MethodsTS‐2021’s impact on p66shc‐induced apoptosis, DNA damage response, and poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) activation was evaluated in GBM cells. The synergistic effect of TS‐2021 and olaparib was examined in GBM cell lines and an immunocompetent mouse model of GBM. Mechanistic studies focused on the role of p66shc phosphorylation in the observed effects.ResultsTS‐2021 triggered p66shc‐induced apoptosis, DNA damage response, and PARP activation. The combination of TS‐2021 and olaparib synergistically increased cell apoptosis and DNA damage and reduced PARP expression compared to monotherapy. Olaparib promoted TS‐2021 replication and release in GBM cells. Mechanistically, olaparib combined with TS‐2021 upregulated p66shc phosphorylation, enhancing tumor cell apoptosis. In vivo, the combination therapy inhibited tumor growth and prolonged survival, confirming the synergistic effect.ConclusionThis study is the first to suggest that TS‐2021 sensitizes GBM cells with wild‐type BRCA1/2 to olaparib. The combination of TS‐2021 and olaparib shows a synergistic therapeutic effect against GBM, providing a promising treatment strategy.
Distinct recurrence patterns according to disease manifestation in pilonidal sinus disease treated with cleft lift surgery at 5 years’ follow‐up in a large prospective Danish cohort
Authors: Pedersen Natashja , Faurschou Ida Kaad , Ankersen Julie Lykke , Sørensen Marlene Julia , Friis Mikkel Lønborg , Pedersen Allan Gorm , Doll Dietrich , Haas Susanne 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimPilonidal sinus disease (PSD) is a common condition particularly affecting the young population. The disease is incompletely understood, and optimal treatment is still debated. However, off‐midline closure techniques have become the standard of care in more advanced cases. The literature is, however, lacking disease stratification in evaluation of surgical results. The aim of this study was to evaluate the surgical outcomes in a prospective cohort following Bascom's cleft lift (BCL) in primary extensive disease, nonhealing wounds after previous surgery and recurrence on a large Danish cohort from a high‐volume centre.MethodThe study is based on a prospective database established at Randers Regional Hospital in 2016. All patients undergoing BCL surgery from June 2016 until June 2020 were included in this study.ResultsThree hundred and ninety two patients (326 men/66 women) underwent BCL surgery over a 4‐year period. Of these, 127 (32.4%) presented with primary extensive PSD, 136 (34.7%) with nonhealing wounds and 129 (33.9%) with recurrent PSD. Overall, 87% healed uneventfully within the first 3 months, and 17% had recurrence at a median follow‐up of 60 months (45–73 months). However, the risk of recurrence was higher among patients with nonhealing wounds (20%) and recurrence (17%) compared with primary extensive manifestation (13%).ConclusionTreatment of advanced PSD remains challenging with a high rate of wound complications and recurrences, stressing the need for dedicated care. Patients with either failed surgery or recurrence need particular attention.
Beyond the Positivity Bias: The Processing and Integration of Self‐Relevant Feedback Is Driven by Its Alignment With Pre‐Existing Self‐Views
Authors: García‐Arch Josué , Friedrich Solenn , Wu Xiongbo , Cucurell David , Fuentemilla Lluís 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOur self‐concept is constantly faced with self‐relevant information. Prevailing research suggests that information's valence plays a central role in shaping our self‐views. However, the need for stability within the self‐concept structure and the inherent alignment of positive feedback with the pre‐existing self‐views of healthy individuals might mask valence and congruence effects. In this study (N = 30, undergraduates), we orthogonalized feedback valence and self‐congruence effects to examine the behavioral and electrophysiological signatures of self‐relevant feedback processing and self‐concept updating. We found that participants had a preference for integrating self‐congruent and dismissing self‐incongruent feedback, regardless of its valence. Consistently, electroencephalography results revealed that feedback congruence, but not feedback valence, is rapidly detected during early processing stages. Our findings diverge from the accepted notion that self‐concept updating is based on the selective incorporation of positive information. These findings offer novel insights into self‐concept dynamics, with implications for the understanding of psychopathological conditions.
CIC‐DUX4 Sarcoma of the Skin: A Rare Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Faden Daniella F. , Rodriguez Olaf , Abdelmalek Mark , Kovarik Carrie 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
CIC::DUX4 fusion sarcoma represents a rare and aggressive subtype of undifferentiated small round blue cell tumors. We report on a 23‐year‐old African male who developed a rapidly enlarging inferolateral left buttock nodule with ulceration. After debulking excision of the lesion, histologic sections demonstrated sheets and lobules of atypical round blue cells with significant cytologic atypia. Prominent foci of atypical mitotic figures and tissue necrosis were present. Tumoral cells stained strongly and diffusely using MDM2, vimentin, WT1 and CD99 immunohistochemical (IHC) markers. Molecular testing was performed and highlighted CIC::DUX4 gene fusion positivity, making the diagnosis of a CIC::DUX4 sarcoma (CDS). Post‐surgical excision, the patient showed no disease on imaging and underwent five cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy with no recurrence observed at the eight‐month follow‐up. With fewer than 200 cases reported in the literature and somewhat nonspecific clinicopathologic characteristics, CIC::DUX4 sarcoma presents a diagnostic challenge. This case underlines the importance of molecular diagnostics in undifferentiated sarcomas and presents a rare primary cutaneous manifestation of CIC::DUX4 fusion sarcoma. Additionally, we provide a review of the literature to aid in recognition, diagnosis, and treatment of this rare entity.
New media, new connections: Building Reddit's MuseumPros
Authors: Moskowitz Blaire , Chamness Scott 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMuseum workers have been conducting informal professional discourse on the Web for decades. Today, Reddit's “MuseumPros” is one such place where twenty‐eight thousand individuals discuss the lived experiences of museum workers and develop collective actions, compare experiences in the sector, and strengthen professional networks by voicing their opinions, asking questions, seeking guidance, and sharing skills. As creators and moderators of MuseumPros, we have led this community from its inception by participating, mediating, and creating resources for the community. Broadly, this paper is an auto‐ethnographic review which enables us to reflect upon this community and the values we instilled and to understand its uniqueness through its anonymity, diversity of voices, and methods of knowledge construction.
Treatment of Critical Bleeds in Patients With Immune Thrombocytopenia: A Systematic Review
Authors: Chowdhury Saifur R. , Sirotich Emily , Guyatt Gordon , Gill Daya , Modi Dimpy , Venier Laura M. , Mahamad Syed , Chowdhury Mahmudur Rahman , Eisa Kerolos , Beck Carolyn E. , Breakey Vicky R. , de Wit Kerstin , Porter Stephen , Webert Kathryn E. , Cuker Adam , O'Connor Clare , ‐DiRaimo Jennifer MacWhirter , Yan Justin W. , Manski Charles , Kelton John G. , Kang Matthew , Strachan Gail , Hassan Ziauddin , Pruitt Barbara , Pai Menaka , Grace Rachael F. , Paynter Dale , Charness Jay , Cooper Nichola , Fein Steven , Agarwal Arnav , Nazaryan Hasmik , Siddiqui Ishaq , Leong Russell , Pallapothu Sushmitha , Wen Aaron , Xu Emily , Liu Bonnie , Shafiee Amirmohammad , Rathod Preksha , Kwon Henry , Dookie Jared , Zeraatkar Dena , Thabane Lehana , Couban Rachel , Arnold Donald M. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesEvidence‐based protocols for managing bleeding emergencies in patients with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) are lacking. We conducted a systematic review of treatments for critical bleeding in patients with ITP.MethodsWe included all study designs and extracted data in aggregate or individually for patients who received one or more interventions and for whom any of the following outcomes were reported: platelet count response, bleeding, disability, or death.ResultsWe identified 49 eligible studies reporting 112 critical bleed patients with ITP, including 66 children (median age, 10 years), 36 adults (median age, 41.5 years), and 10 patients with unreported age. Patients received corticosteroids (n = 67), IVIG (n = 49), platelet transfusions (n = 41), TPO‐RAs (n = 17), and splenectomy (n = 28) either alone or in combination. Studies reported 29 different treatment combinations, the 5 most common were corticosteroids, platelet transfusion and splenectomy (n = 13), corticosteroids and IVIG (n = 13), or splenectomy alone (n = 13); IVIG alone (n = 11); and corticosteroids, IVIG and TPO‐RA (n = 8). Mortality among patients with critical bleeds in ITP was 30.6% for adults and 19.7% for children.ConclusionsThe effects of individual treatments on patient outcomes were uncertain due to very low‐quality evidence. There is a need for a standardized approach to the treatment of ITP critical bleeds.Systematic Review RegistrationCRD42020161206.
The association between childhood adversity and hippocampal volumes is moderated by romantic relationship experiences
Authors: Acosta H. , Jansen A. , Kircher T. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractReduced hippocampal volumes are a feature of many mental disorders. Childhood maltreatment is a known risk factor for the development of psychopathology and has consistently been linked to hippocampal volume reductions in adults, but not in children and adolescents. We propose that maltreatment‐related difficulties in coping with developmental tasks in adolescence and young adulthood might underlie the delayed emergence of hippocampal volume reductions in maltreated individuals. In a study with 196 healthy young adults (mean age [years]: 24.0 ± 3.2, 50% female, 20.6% living with a partner (missings: n = 2)), we investigated the interaction between childhood maltreatment (Childhood Trauma Screener) and the breakup of a steady romantic relationship (List of Threatening Experiences Questionnaire) on hippocampal magnetic resonance imaging grey matter volumes. The experience of a romantic relationship breakup moderated the association between childhood maltreatment and bilateral hippocampal volumes, revealing more negative associations with hippocampal volumes in participants with at least one breakup compared to those with no breakup experience (right hippocampus: β = − 0.05 ± 0.02, p = 0.031, p (FDR) = 0.031; left hippocampus: β = −0.06 ± 0.02, p = 0.005, p (FDR) = 0.009). Moreover, our findings provide some evidence that childhood maltreatment is related to smaller bilateral hippocampal volumes only in those adults who suffered from a relationship breakup (right hippocampus: β = −0.23 ± 0.10, p = 0.018, p (FDR) = 0.018; left hippocampus: β = −0.24 ± 0.10, p = 0.016, p (FDR) = 0.018;). Our study highlights the interaction of adult social bonds with early adversity on vulnerability to psychopathology.
Association of cognitive and structural correlates of brain aging and incident epilepsy. The Framingham Heart Study
Authors: Stefanidou Maria , Himali Jayandra J. , Bernal Rebecca , Satizabal Claudia , Devinsky Orrin , Romero Jose R. , Beiser Alexa S. , Seshadri Sudha , Friedman Daniel 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectivesLate‐onset epilepsy has the highest incidence among all age groups affected by epilepsy and often occurs in the absence of known clinical risk factors such as stroke and dementia. There is increasing evidence that brain changes contributing to epileptogenesis likely start years before disease onset, and we aim to relate cognitive and imaging correlates of subclinical brain injury to incident late‐onset epilepsy in a large, community‐based cohort.MethodsWe studied Offspring Cohort of the Framingham Heart Study participants 45 years or older, who were free of prevalent stroke, dementia, or epilepsy, and had neuropsychological (NP) evaluation and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Cognitive measures included Visual Reproduction Delayed Recall, Logical Memory Delayed Recall, Similarities, Trail Making Test B minus A (TrTB–TrTA; attention and executive function), and a global measure of cognition derived from principal component analysis. MRI measures included total cerebral brain volume, cortical gray matter volume (CGMV), white matter hyperintensity volume (WMHV), and hippocampal volume. Incident epilepsy was identified through a review of administrative data and medical records. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used for the analyses. All analyses were adjusted for age, sex, and educational level (cognition only).ResultsAmong participants who underwent NP testing (n = 2349, 45.81% male), 31 incident epilepsy cases were identified during follow‐up. Better performance on the TrTB–TrTA was associated with a lower risk of developing epilepsy (hazard ratio [HR] .25, 95% confidence interval [CI] .08–.73; p = .011). In the subgroup of participants with MRI (n = 2056, 46.01% male), 27 developed epilepsy. Higher WMHV was associated with higher epilepsy risk (HR 1.5, 95%CI 1.01–2.20; p = .042), but higher CGMV (HR .73, 95% CI .57–.93; p = .001) was associated with lower incidence of epilepsy.SignificanceBetter performance on the (TrTB–TrTA), a measure of executive function and attention, and higher cortical volumes are associated with lower risk of developing epilepsy. Conversely, higher WMHV, a measure of occult vascular injury, increases the risk. Our study shows that non‐invasive tests performed in mid‐life may help identify people at risk for developing epilepsy later in life.
Rotating Bending Fatigue of Laser Powder Bed Fused 316L Stainless Steel at Various Stress Levels: Microstructural Evaluation and Predictive Modeling
Authors: Aghayar Yahya , Behvar Alireza , Haghshenas Meysam , Mohammadi Mohsen 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis research studies the effect of variable stress levels on the rotating bending fatigue (RBF) tests of 316L stainless steel fabricated by the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) method. The mechanical properties and fatigue behavior were evaluated to ascertain the correlation between the applied stress levels and microstructural changes that occurred during the fatigue experiments. These relationships were further investigated using a classical model developed on the Python platform. The microstructural analysis demonstrated that the face‐centered cubic structure was maintained throughout the application of stresses, varying from 255 to 402 MPa along with no phase changes. Nevertheless, the density of shear lines on the surface was substantially influenced by variations in stress levels as demonstrated by high‐stress areas in Kernel average misorientation maps. At lower stress levels, the model analysis exhibited a higher degree of reliability, with R2 values of 96.25% at lower stress rather than 89.30% at higher stress.
Nonuniformity of Fatigue Properties of Two‐Sided Electron Beam Welded Joint of Superthick Titanium Alloy
Authors: Long Jian , Zhang Lin‐Jie , Liu Yong‐Qiang , Deng De‐An , Zhuang Ming‐Xiang 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe TC4 titanium (Ti) alloy has been widely utilized in various industries such as aerospace and shipbuilding, owing to its numerous advantages. Its exceptional properties have made it a material of choice for applications requiring high performance and reliability. The total weld thickness was 140 mm, and microstructures and high‐cycle fatigue properties were investigated at three different layers within the 140‐mm section. Experimental results show that the overlap area at two weld roots has the highest microhardness and largest nonuniformity of the overall joints, so the area is found to have the poorest high‐cycle fatigue properties. The microstructures in every layer of the weld metal of the joints were analyzed to determine the causes of the poor fatigue properties in the overlapping area at the weld roots. Significant amounts of α′ acicular microstructure are present in the weld metal of joints, while the overlap area at weld roots contains more α′ acicular microstructure with a finer size. Compared with other layers, the weld metal and base metal in Layer 2 (overlap area) have the largest microhardness gradient, where the stress concentration is more serious in the fatigue experimental process. Heat dissipation conditions was a critical factor for the inhomogeneity of microstructure and mechanical properties along the thickness direction of 140‐mm double‐sided electron beam welding joint. Fatigue damage (micropore) is formed at β phases in priority, and fatigue cracks propagate via series connection of micropores, indicative of transgranular ductile cracks.