bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
USP14 as a novel prognostic marker promotes cisplatin resistance via Akt/ERK signaling pathways in gastric cancer
Authors: Fu Ying , Ma Gang , Liu Guolong , Li Bin , Li Hui , Hao Xishan , Liu Liren 
Published: September 2018

AbstractGastric cancer (GC) ranks the third leading cause of global cancer mortality. Despite recent progress in surgery combined with chemotherapy, the outcomes of GC patients have barely improved. Therefore, better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in chemoresistance of GC may help develop novel strategies to treat this deadly disease. Previous evidence has shown aberrant expressions of USP14 in multiple malignancies, suggesting an important role of USP14 in tumorigenesis. However, its role in modulating chemoresistance in GC still remains elusive. In this study, we observed that USP14 levels were significantly increased in GC tissues compared to the paired normal tissues. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that USP14 level was an independent prognostic factor for DFS in GC patients. Silencing of USP14 promoted proteasomal degradation of p‐ERK (T202/Y204) and p‐Akt (T308/S473), thus inactivating Akt and ERK signaling pathways. Interestingly, silencing of USP14 alone was not sufficient to cause overt effects on cell growth, proliferation, and apoptosis, while resulting in significant apoptosis in the presence of cisplatin in GC cells. Thus, knockdown of USP14 sensitized GC cells to cisplatin by triggering cisplatin‐induced apoptosis via impeding Akt and ERK signaling pathways. These results revealed a novel role of USP14 in modulating chemosensitivity of GC cells, suggesting USP14 may serve as not only a prognostic marker, but also a potential therapeutic target for GC patients.
Malignant transformation of a spiradenoma with blaschkoïd pattern
Authors: Salim Salma , Bounniyt Hafsae , El Amraoui Mohammed , Benzekri Asmae , Senouci Karima , Hassam Badredine 
Published: September 2018

Key Clinical MessageEccrine spiradenoma is a benign and rare adnexal tumor originating from cutaneous eccrine sweat glands. It usually presents as a solitary lesion. It can have different presentations, including a blaschkoid arrangement which is rare. Malignant transformation is possible and usually occurs after a long period of latency in multifocal types.
A serious case of primary Raynaud's phenomenon in an infant
Authors: Kobayashi Masaru , Takano Ken‐ichi , Kamizono Junji , Ichikawa Kotaro 
Published: September 2018

Key Clinical MessageWe present a case of severe Raynaud phenomenon (RP) in an infant. The current strategy of RP treatment is incomplete; excluding secondary Raynaud phenomenon is vital as well. This case aims to help those with similar symptoms in the future by gathering data on cases.
Nickel‐Nanoparticles on Doped Graphene: A Highly Active Electrocatalyst for Alcohol and Carbohydrate Electrooxidation for Energy Production
Authors: Shabnam Luba , Faisal Shaikh N. , Roy Anup K. , Gomes Vincent G. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractNickel nanoparticles supported on nitrogen doped graphene (Ni−NGr) as highly efficient electrocatalyst were synthesized via controlled thermal annealing using a mixture of graphene oxide, nickel nitrate and uric acid. The synthesized Ni−NGr catalyst presented excellent electrocatalytic performance for ethanol, glucose and glycerol oxidation, stemming from the synergistic effects of nickel and N‐graphene. The electrocatalytic activity was enhanced by the high surface area and nitrogen‐based active sites of pyridinic and graphitic N in doped graphene. These N‐moieties enhanced the accessibility of active sites while preventing agglomeration of nickel nanoparticles on the doped graphene surface. The hybrid electrocatalyst performances were significantly improved and are suited for electrooxidation application in fuel cells.
Electrochemical Conversion of CO2 to HCOOH at Tin Cathode: Development of a Theoretical Model and Comparison with Experimental Results
Authors: Proietto Federica , Galia Alessandro , Scialdone Onofrio 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe electrochemical reduction of pressurized carbon dioxide at tin cathode is considered a very promising process for the production of formic acid. Here, the process was studied in an undivided cell with the aim of developing a simple theoretical model. First, a large series of polarization and electrolyses was performed in order to evaluate the kinetic of the process. According to the literature, experimental results can be described by a simple reaction mechanism, which involves the following key stages: (i) mass transfer of CO2 to the cathode; (i) its adsorption described by a Langmuir equation; (iii) the reduction of adsorbed CO2. A simple model was developed based on the cathodic conversion of pressurized CO2 to HCOOH and on its anodic oxidation. The theoretical model was in a good agreement with experimental results collected in this work and in previous ones and well described the effect of several operative parameters, including current density, pressure and kind of reactor.
Entrapment of THF‐Stabilized Iridacyclic IrIII Silylenes from Double H−Si Bond Activation and H2 Elimination
Authors: Binh Dang Ho , Hamdaoui Mustapha , Fischer‐Krauser Diane , Karmazin Lydia , Bailly Corinne , Djukic Jean‐Pierre 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe reaction of H3SiR (R=Ph, nBu) with cationic η5‐C5Me5‐ (Cp*) and benzo[h]quinolinyl‐based iridacycle [1 b]+ gives rise to new [(IrH)→SiRH2]+ adducts. In the presence of THF these adducts readily undergo elimination of H2 gas at subambient temperature to form THF‐stabilized metallacyclic IrIII silylene complexes, which were characterized in situ by NMR spectroscopy, trapped in minute amounts by reactive crystallization, and structurally characterized by XRD. Theoretical investigations (static DFT‐D reaction‐energy profiling, ETS‐NOCV) support the promoting role of THF in the H2 elimination step and the consolidation of the Ir‐to‐Si interaction in the spontaneous (ΔG<0) formation of Ir silylenes in the presence of THF. Mechanistic insights indicate that the Ir silylene species arising from the [1 b]+/phenylsilane system are relevant catalytic species in the hydrodefluorination of fluoroalkanes.
Experimental methods in chemical engineering: Preface
Authors: Patience Gregory S. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractChemical engineering research encompasses a plethora of subjects ranging from nanoscale to climate change, from medicine to hazardous waste management, and from electronics and photonics to process intensification, manufacturing, and modelling. The 2017 AIChE meeting included 8000 oral presentations and posters with all these diverse topics. Here we identify experimental methods and instrumentation that straddle these subjects based on Can. J. Chem. Eng. articles published from 2016–2017. Temperature, pH, pressure, and flow rate are the physical properties most researchers report. We identified over 50 experimental techniques, reactor types, and modelling methodologies and show that articles with an experimental focus are more strongly linked than those that concentrate on hydrodynamic modelling and numerical simulation. Spectroscopy dominates instrumental techniques to characterize solids and catalyst properties and we classify 36 instruments according to what property they measure and the scale, nature of the phase, composition, and morphology. A bibliometric analysis grouped the physicochemical properties into three major research clusters centered around solid properties, liquid phase properties, and gas phase and aqueous phase properties. Articles in this special series describe the basic principles of one experimental method or instrument that appears frequently in the journal. Together with a short background, the articles highlight fields of application, assess the sources of error, detection thresholds, and uncertainty. This series provides chemical engineers with a concise, accessible reference guide to help identify and choose appropriate experimental techniques and instruments.
Injectable Hydrogel of Vitamin B9 for the Controlled Release of Both Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Anticancer Drugs
Authors: Panja Aditi , Das Sujoy , Chakraborty Atanu , Chakraborty Priyadarshi , Pal Suman , Nandi Arun K. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractFolic acid (FA), vitamin B9, is a good receptor of drugs triggering cellular uptake via endocytosis. FA is sparingly soluble in water. Herein, a new approach for the formation of FA hydrogel by the hydrolysis of glucono‐δ‐lactone in PBS buffer under physiological conditions has been reported. The gel has a fibrillar network morphology attributable to intermolecular H‐bonding and π‐stacking interactions. The thixotropic property of the gel is used for the encapsulation of both hydrophilic [doxorubicin (DOX)] and hydrophobic [camptothecin (CPT)] drugs. The loading of DOX and CPT into the gel is attributed to the H‐bonding interaction between FA and drugs. The release of DOX is sustainable at pH 4 and 7, and the Peppas model indicates that at pH 7 the diffusion of the drug is Fickian but it is non‐Fickian at pH 4. The release of CPT is monitored by fluorescence spectroscopy, which also corroborates the combined release of both drugs. The metylthiazolyldiphenyltetrazolium bromide assay of FA hydrogel demonstrates nontoxic behavior and that the cytotoxicity of the DOX‐loaded FA hydrogel is higher than that of pure DOX, with a minimal effect on normal cells.
Alternative data processing techniques for serial NMR experiments
Authors: Shchukina Alexandra , Urbańczyk Mateusz , Kasprzak Paweł , Kazimierczuk Krzysztof 
Published: September 2018

AbstractNMR measurements are often performed in a serial manner, that is, the acquisition of an FID signal is repeated under various conditions, either controlled (as temperature or pH changes) or uncontrolled (as reaction progress). The traditional approach to process “serial” data is to perform the Fourier transform of each FID in a series. However, it suffers from several problems, in particular, from the need to sample full Nyquist grid and reach a sufficient signal‐to‐noise ratio in each separate spectrum. The problems become particularly cumbersome in the case of multidimensional signals, where sampling is costly and sensitivity is an issue. Over the years, several methods of alternative, “joint” processing of FID series have been proposed. In this paper, we discuss the principles of some of them: Accordion Spectroscopy, Multidimensional Decomposition, Radon transform, a combination of Compressed Sensing and the Laplace transform. According to our knowledge, this is the first review on serial NMR data processing approaches. The reader is provided with MATLAB scripts allowing to perform simulations and processing using these algorithms.
Covariance nuclear magnetic resonance methods for obtaining protein assignments and novel correlations
Authors: Kancherla Aswani K. , Frueh Dominique P. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractProtein nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) assignment can be a tedious and error‐prone process, and it is often a limiting factor in biomolecular NMR studies. Challenges are exacerbated in larger proteins, disordered proteins, and often alpha‐helical proteins, owing to an increase in spectral complexity and frequency degeneracies. Here, several multidimensional spectra must be inspected and compared in an iterative manner before resonances can be assigned with confidence. Over the last 2 decades, covariance NMR has evolved to become applicable to protein multidimensional spectra. The method, previously used to generate new correlations from spectra of small organic molecules, can now be used to recast assignment procedures as mathematical operations on NMR spectra. These operations result in multidimensional correlation maps combining all information from input spectra and providing direct correlations between moieties that would otherwise be compared indirectly through reporter nuclei. Thus, resonances of sequential residues can be identified and side‐chain signals can be assigned by visual inspection of 4D arrays. This review highlights advances in covariance NMR that permitted to generate reliable 4D arrays and describes how these arrays can be obtained from conventional NMR spectra.
Triel‐Bonded Complexes between TrR3 (Tr=B, Al, Ga; R=H, F, Cl, Br, CH3) and Pyrazine
Authors: Michalczyk Mariusz , Zierkiewicz Wiktor , Scheiner Steve 
Published: September 2018

AbstractComplexes between TrR3 (Tr=B, Al, Ga; R=H, F, Cl, Br, CH3) molecules and pyrazine have been characterized at the MP2 and CCSD(T) levels of theory. The adducts can be grouped according to the type of molecular arrangement. The first situation places the Tr atom in the plane of the pyrazine ring and contains a triel bond to the N lone pair. For the boron complexes the orbital interaction energy is almost equal to the electrostatic component, while the former is only half the latter for Tr=Al and Ga. The two monomers are stacked above one another in the second configuration, which depends to a greater degree upon orbital interaction and dispersion. The former complexes are more strongly bonded than the latter. Interaction energies (Eint) for the stronger complexes vary between −50 and −20 kcal/mol for BBr3 and Ga(CH3)3 paired respectively with pyrazine. Eint is much smaller for the stacked configurations, ranging from −8 for GaF3 to −1.4 kcal/mol for BF3. The value of the maximum of the electrostatic potential correlates poorly with Eint, attributed in part to monomer distortions upon complexation.
Probing Polymer Chain Conformation and Fibril Formation of Peptide Conjugates
Authors: Evgrafova Zhanna , Voigt Bruno , Baumann Monika , Stephani Madlen , Binder Wolfgang H. , Balbach Jochen 
Published: September 2018

AbstractCovalent conjugates between a synthetic polymer and a peptide hormone were used to probe the molecular extension of these macromolecules and how the polymer modifies the fibril formation of the hormone. NMR spectroscopy of 15N labeled parathyroid hormone (PTH) was employed to visualize the conformation of the conjugated synthetic polymer, triggered by small temperature changes via its lower critical solution temperature. A shroud‐like polymer conformation dominated the molecular architecture of the conjugated chimeras. PTH readily forms amyloid fibrils, which is probably the physiological storage form of the hormone. The polyacrylate based polymers stimulated the nucleation processes of the peptide.
Bone Marrow Chimeras to Study Neuroinflammation
Authors: Laflamme Nathalie , Préfontaine Paul , Lampron Antoine , Rivest Serge 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBone marrow transplantation is the standard of care for a host of diseases such as leukemia and multiple myeloma, as well as genetically inherited metabolic diseases affecting the central nervous system. In mouse models, bone marrow transplantation has proven a valuable tool for understanding the hematopoietic system and the homing of hematopoietic cells to their target organs. Many techniques have been developed to create chimeric mice, animals with a hematopoietic system derived from a genetic background that differs from the rest of the body. Current genetic tools allow for virtually limitless possibilities in the choice of donor mice. This protocol describes methods of bone marrow transplantation in mouse models for studies of the brain under basal and pathological conditions. Specific points to be addressed include the preparation of recipient mice by irradiation or chemotherapy; the choice, isolation, and injection of donor cells; and analytical methods such as fluorescence‐activated cell sorting and immunostaining. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Action‐selection perseveration in young children: Advances of a dynamic model
Authors: Cox Ralf F. A. , Smitsman Ad W. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis study presents an empirical test and dynamic model of perseverative limb selection in children of 14‐, 24‐, and 36‐months old (N = 66 in total). In the experiment, children repeatedly grasped a spoon with a single hand. In two separate conditions, the spoon was presented either four times on their right side or four times on their left side. In both conditions, following this training, the spoon was presented on midline for two more trials. This setup enabled us to determine whether children's limb selection was influenced by their prior choices in the task (i.e., perseveration). Individual children's handedness was determined in a third condition consisting of nine object presentations (laterally or on midline). A dynamic model for limb selection is presented combining external input, motor memory, and preferences. The model was used to simulate the experiment and reproduced the results, including the age‐related changes.
Transferability of biotic interactions: Temporal consistency of arctic plant–rodent relationships is poor
Authors: Soininen Eeva M. , Henden John‐Andre , Ravolainen Virve T. , Yoccoz Nigel G. , Bråthen Kari Anne , Killengreen Siw T. , Ims Rolf A. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractVariability in biotic interaction strength is an integral part of food web functioning. However, the consequences of the spatial and temporal variability of biotic interactions are poorly known, in particular for predicting species abundance and distribution. The amplitude of rodent population cycles (i.e., peak‐phase abundances) has been hypothesized to be determined by vegetation properties in tundra ecosystems. We assessed the spatial and temporal predictability of food and shelter plants effects on peak‐phase small rodent abundance during two consecutive rodent population peaks. Rodent abundance was related to both food and shelter biomass during the first peak, and spatial transferability was mostly good. Yet, the temporal transferability of our models to the next population peak was poorer. Plant–rodent interactions are thus temporally variable and likely more complex than simple one‐directional (bottom‐up) relationships or variably overruled by other biotic interactions and abiotic factors. We propose that parametrizing a more complete set of functional links within food webs across abiotic and biotic contexts would improve transferability of biotic interaction models. Such attempts are currently constrained by the lack of data with replicated estimates of key players in food webs. Enhanced collaboration between researchers whose main research interests lay in different parts of the food web could ameliorate this.
Detection of bed position for automation of patient‐monitoring function
Authors: Inoue Madoka , Yasui Toshiyuki , Taguchi Ryo , Umezaki Taizo 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn hospitals, in order to prevent a patient from falling and fall accidents, there is an increasing demand to detect a lifting movement and a leaving‐off movement of a patient with a camera installed in a hospital room. As a measure for efficiently detecting these operations, a process of specifying a bed position which is an occurrence position of an action is effective. We propose a method to detect bed position from image of monocular camera, using image features and framework of machine learning. By generating a viewpoint conversion image for an input image, a uniform bed shape is acquired even for images at different camera positions. Evaluation was made with 2160 still images and 3888 scene moving images to confirm the usefulness of the method.
Water primrose invasion changes successional pathways in an estuarine ecosystem
Authors: Khanna Shruti , Santos Maria J. , Boyer Jennifer D. , Shapiro Kristen D. , Bellvert Joaquim , Ustin Susan L. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractInvasive species fundamentally change the bio‐physical and ecological characteristics of the ecosystems they invade. Rapidly expanding invasive species may facilitate the spread of other invasive species, and successive invasion events may lead to novel species interactions that may push the system beyond its equilibrium state and change successional pathways. Knowing the direction of the invasion front may be useful to predict impacts of invasive species. Water primrose (Ludwigia spp.), one of the invasive floating macrophytes in the Sacramento‐San Joaquin River Delta (hereafter, Delta), has increased in cover rapidly over the past three decades likely outcompeting native and non‐native species, changing their functional relationships, with cascading effects in the macrophyte communities of the aquatic ecosystem. In this study, we analyze the directionality of water primrose invasion and assess which spaces it occupies, whether it has overcrowded or outcompeted other vegetation communities, and its implications for succession in the Delta. We used imaging spectroscopy data acquired in June of 2004, June of 2008, November of 2014, and October of 2016 for the 2500 km2 of the Delta to map the communities of submerged macrophytes, floating macrophytes, and emergent marsh. We found that water primrose cover increased fourfold in the Delta over the past 13 yr, changing significantly in the central Delta and Liberty Island region from 122 ha in 2004 to 471 ha in 2016. Water primrose expanded first by spreading over open water and submerged macrophytes and, when that habitat was exhausted, primrose invasion switched direction and encroached into emergent marsh. This bilateral expansion to both open water and the marsh is likely to change rates of succession and affect the restoration of the native Delta marshes. Understanding the mechanisms behind the expansion dynamics of this invasive will allow managers to counter its impact on newly established vulnerable marshes.