bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Titania‐containing bioactive bone cement for total hip arthroplasty in dogs
Authors: Imamura Masashi , Goto Koji , Kawata Tomotoshi , Kataoka Masanao , Fukuda Chisako , Fujibayashi Shunsuke , Matsuda Shuichi 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWe developed a composite cement containing low‐content bioactive titania fillers dispersed among specific polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) polymers and investigated the mechanical properties and bioactivity of this titania bone cement (TBC) under load‐bearing conditions in cemented total hip arthroplasty (THA) in adult female beagles. TBC and PMMA bone cement (PBC) were compared using custom‐made prostheses. The dogs were killed 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. The acetabulum was harvested to evaluate the osteoconductivity of the cement, whereas the femur was harvested for the push‐out test and histological analyses. The compressive strength of TBC was significantly higher than that of PBC (p < 0.001), whereas the flexural and tensile strengths, as well as fracture toughness, were equivalent. The bonding strength values for TBC and PBC were 72.9 and 58.0 N/mm at 1 month, 69.4 and 57.2 N/mm at 3 months, 106.1 and 85.0 N/mm at 6 months, and 114.3 and 100.7 N/mm at 12 months, respectively. Histologically, TBC was in direct contact with bone without intervening with fibrous tissue over larger areas and newly formed bone was observed along the cement. The excellent mechanical properties and apparent bioactivity of this novel bone cement indicate its potential utility in clinical practice. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 1238–1245, 2019.
The study of the serum level of IL‐4, TGF‐β, IFN‐γ, and IL‐6 in overweight patients with and without diabetes mellitus and hypertension
Authors: Asadikaram Gholamreza , Ram Maryam , Izadi Alireza , Sheikh Fathollahi Mahmood , Nematollahi Mohammad Hadi , Najafipour Hamid , Shahoozehi Bidollah , Mirhoseini Mahboobeh , Masoumi Mohammad , Shahrokhi Nader , Arababadi Mohammad Kazemi 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundObesity increases the risk of diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension. We aimed to analyze the serum levels of cytokines that have relevance to the pathologies including, interleukin‐4 (IL‐4), transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β), interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ), and IL‐6 cytokines of overweight men with DM and/or hypertension.MethodsThe study collected serum from 164 men. The sample population contained, 54 overweight men without DM or hypertension (control [CTL] group), 36 men with both DM and hypertension (DH group), 20 men with DM but no hypertension (D group), and 54 had hypertension without DM (H).ResultsThe main results showed that the concentration of IFN‐γ in the DH group was significantly higher than the D, H, and CTL groups, IL‐6 in DH and D groups was significantly lower than the CTL group. The serum level of TGF‐β and IL‐4 cytokines did not show any significant differences across the four groups. Serum levels of IL‐6 were also significantly lower in untreated patients in D group than controls and in DH when compared with H groups.ConclusionIn conclusion, it appears that the proinflammatory and anti‐inflammatory cytokines either play a significant role in the pathogenesis of hypertension and DM or serve as markers for these pathologies. Accordingly, increased serum levels of IFN‐γ may participate in the pathogenesis of hypertension in the diabetic patients and decreased IL‐6 is associated with type 2 DM.
Cancer‐associated fibroblasts: Secretions, interactions, and therapy
Authors: Farhood Bagher , Najafi Masoud , Mortezaee Keywan 
Published: September 2018

AbstractTumor microenvironment (TME) could impose a great challenge for cancer targeted therapies. Immunosuppression within the TME creates a barrier between cancer cells and therapeutic approaches. A number of cells are hosted within this milieu, among them cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the most abundant cell populations playing major roles in mediating an immunosuppressive TME. CAFs have cross‐talks with almost all cells within the TME for reprogramming them into being tumorigenic. This reprogramming reduces the pre‐existing tumor immunity and dampens the efficacy of chemotherapeutic approaches. CAFs would do this through releasing a myriad of factors to the TME making it an appropriate nest for tumor growth. The cells degrade and deposit extracellular matrix components, both of which are tumorigenic. Therefore, disruption of cross‐talks between CAFs with other cells within the TME would be a promising approach in cancer targeted therapies. This approach is applicable through dampening dominant signals mediated by CAFs. Another interesting approach would be reprogramming of CAFs toward their normal counterpart. This would need identification of different subtypes for these cells and their functions. More knowledge is also required about selective markers for each CAF subtype.
Therapeutic potency of oncolytic virotherapy in breast cancer targeting, current status and perspective
Authors: Ebrahimi Safieh , Ghorbani Elnaz , Shafiee Mojtaba , Ryzhikov Mikhail , Hassanian Seyed M , Azadmanesh Kayhan 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBreast cancer is the most common cause of cancer death in women and presents a serious therapeutic challenge worldwide. Traditional treatments are less successful at targeting cancer tumors, leading to recurrent treatment‐resistant secondary malignancies. Oncolytic virotherapy (OV) is a novel anticancer strategy with therapeutic implications at targeting cancer cells by using mechanisms that differ from conventional therapies. Administration of OVs either alone or in combination with standard therapies provide new insights regarding the effectiveness and improvement of treatment responses for breast cancer patients. This review summarizes cellular, animal and clinical studies investigating therapeutic potency of oncolytic virotherapy in breast cancer treatment for a better understanding and hence a better management of this disease.
Identification of differentially expressed genes in synovial tissue of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis in patients
Authors: Li Wen Chao , Bai De Lei , Xu Yang , Chen Hui , Ma Rui , Hou Wen Bo , Xu Rui Jiang 
Published: September 2018

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) are the common joints disorder in the world. Although they have showed the analogous clinical manifestation and overlapping cellular and molecular foundation, the pathogenesis of RA and OA were different. The pathophysiologic mechanisms of arthritis in RA and OA have not been investigated thoroughly. Thus, the aim of study is to identify the potential crucial genes and pathways associated with RA and OA and further analyze the molecular mechanisms implicated in genesis. First, we compared gene expression profiles in synovial tissue between RA and OA from the National Center of Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Gene Expression Series (GSE) 1919, GSE55235, and GSE36700 were downloaded from the GEO database, including 20 patients of OA and 21 patients of RA. Diﬀerentially expressed genes (DEGs) including “CXCL13,” “CD247,” “CCL5,” “GZMB,” “IGKC,” “IL7R,” “UBD///GABBR1,” “ADAMDEC1,” “BTC,” “AIM2,” “SHANK2,” “CCL18,” “LAMP3,” “CR1,” and “IL32.” Second, Gene Ontology analyses revealed that DEGs were signiﬁcantly enriched in integral component of extracellular space, extracellular region, and plasma membrane in the molecular function group. Signaling pathway analyses indicated that DEGs had common pathways in chemokine signaling pathway, cytokine‐cytokine receptor interaction, and cytosolic DNA‐sensing pathway. Third, DEGs showed the complex DEGs protein‐protein interaction network with the Coexpression of 83.22%, Shared protein domains of 8.40%, Colocalization of 4.76%, Predicted of 2.87%, and Genetic interactions of 0.75%. In conclusion, the novel DEGs and pathways between RA and OA identified in this study may provide new insight into the underlying molecular mechanisms of RA.
Epigenetic modifications in chronic myeloid leukemia cells through ruxolitinib treatment
Authors: Biray Avci Cigir , Goker Bagca Bakiye , Tetik Vardarli Asli , Saydam Guray , Gunduz Cumhur 
Published: September 2018

AbstractChronic myeloid leukemia is a clonal malignancy of hematopoietic stem cell that is characterized by the occurrence of t(9;22)(q34;q11.2) translocation, named Philadelphia chromosome. Ruxolitinib is a powerful Janus tyrosine kinase 1 and 2 inhibitor that is used for myelofibrosis treatment. DNA‐histone connection mediates a wide range of genes that code methylation, demethylation, acetylation, deacetylation, ubiquitination, and phosphorylation enzymes. Epigenetic modifications regulate chromatin compactness, which plays pivotal roles in critical biological processes including the transcriptional activity and cell proliferation as well as various pathological mechanisms, including CML. This study is aimed to determine the alterations of the expression levels of epigenetic modification–related genes after ruxolitinib treatment. Total RNA was isolated from K‐562 cells treated with the IC50 value of ruxolitinib and untreated K‐562 control cells. A reverse transcription procedure was performed for complementary DNA synthesis, and gene expressions were detected by real‐time polymerase chain reaction compared with the untreated cells. Ruxolitinib treatment caused a significant alteration in the expression levels of epigenetic regulation‐related genes in K‐562 cells. Our novel results suggested that ruxolitinib has inhibitor effects on epigenetic modification–regulator genes.
Tangeretin protects human brain microvascular endothelial cells against oxygen‐glucose deprivation‐induced injury
Authors: Wu Chunfang , Zhao Jun , Chen Yong , Li Ting , Zhu Ruiming , Zhu Baihui , Zhang Youran 
Published: September 2018

AbstractTangeretin, a citrus flavonoid extracted from the peel of citrus fruits, was reported to possess antiasthmatic, antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. However, the effect of tangeretin on human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) has not been examined. This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of tangeretin on oxygen‐glucose deprivation (OGD)‐induced injury of HBMECs, and explore the underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that tangeretin improved HBMECs viability in response to OGD. In addition, tangeretin was able to increase the activity of superoxide dismutase and decrease the levels of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as ameliorate cell apoptosis in OGD‐stimulated HBMECs. Mechanistic studies showed that tangeretin prevented the activation of JNK signaling pathway in OGD‐stimulated HBMECs. Taken together, our current study demonstrated that tangeretin could ameliorate OGD‐induced HBMECs injury through the JNK signaling pathway. Thus, tangeretin might be used as a therapeutic strategy for ischemia‐reperfusion brain injury and related diseases.
An analytical enrichment‐based review of structural genetic studies on keratoconus
Authors: Panahi Yunes , Azimi Ali , Naderi Mostafa , Jadidi Khosrow , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: September 2018

AbstractKeratoconus is a progressive bilateral corneal protrusion that leads to irregular astigmatism and impairment of vision. Keratoconus is an etiologically heterogeneous corneal dystrophy and both environmental and genetic factors play a role in its etiopathogenesis. In this analytical review, we have studied all the genes that are structurally associated with keratoconus and have tried to explain the function of each gene and its association with other eye disorders in a concise way. In addition, using gene set enrichment analysis, it was attempted to find the most important impaired metabolic pathways in keratoconus. Several genetic studies have been carried out on keratoconus and several genes have been identified as risk factors involved in the etiology of the disease. In the current study, 16 studies, including nine association studies, five genome‐wide association studies, one linkage study, and one meta‐analysis, were reviewed and based on the 19 genes found, enrichment was performed and the most important metabolic pathways involved in the disease were identified. The enrichment results indicated that the two pathways, interleukin 1 processing and assembly of collagen fibrils, are significantly associated with the disease. Obviously, the results of this study, in addition to providing information about the genes involved in the disease, can provide an integrated insight into the gene‐based etiology of keratoconus and therapeutic opportunities thereof.
Building strength, endurance, and mobility using an astaxanthin formulation with functional training in elderly
Authors: Liu Sophia Z. , Ali Amir S. , Campbell Matthew D. , Kilroy Kevin , Shankland Eric G. , Roshanravan Baback , Marcinek David J. , Conley Kevin E. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundBuilding both strength and endurance has been a challenge in exercise training in the elderly, but dietary supplements hold promise as agents for improving muscle adaptation. Here, we test a formulation of natural products (AX: astaxanthin, 12 mg and tocotrienol, 10 mg and zinc, 6 mg) with both anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant properties in combination with exercise. We conducted a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study of elderly subjects (65–82 years) on a daily oral dose with interval walking exercise on an incline treadmill.MethodsForty‐two subjects were fed AX or placebo for 4 months and trained 3 months (3×/week for 40–60 min) with increasing intervals of incline walking. Strength was measured as maximal voluntary force (MVC) in ankle dorsiflexion exercise, and tibialis anterior muscle size (cross‐sectional area, CSA) was determined from magnetic resonance imaging.ResultsGreater endurance (exercise time in incline walking, >50%) and distance in 6 min walk (>8%) accompanied training in both treatments. Increases in MVC by 14.4% (±6.2%, mean ± SEM, P < 0.02, paired t‐test), CSA by 2.7% (±1.0%, P < 0.01), and specific force by 11.6% (MVC/CSA, ±6.0%, P = 0.05) were found with AX treatment, but no change was evident in these properties with placebo treatment (MVC, 2.9% ± 5.6%; CSA, 0.6% ± 1.2%; MVC/CSA, 2.4 ± 5.7%; P > 0.6 for all).ConclusionsThe AX formulation improved muscle strength and CSA in healthy elderly in addition to the elevation in endurance and walking distance found with exercise training alone. Thus, the AX formulation in combination with a functional training programme uniquely improved muscle strength, endurance, and mobility in the elderly.
Differences in EMG–moment relationships between ACL‐injured and uninjured adults during a weight‐bearing multidirectional force control task
Authors: Flaxman Teresa E. , Alkjær Tine , Smale Kenneth B. , Simonsen Erik B. , Krogsgaard Michael R. , Benoit Daniel L. 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTAnterior cruciate ligament injury (ACLi) reduces mechanical knee joint stability. Differences in muscle activation patterns are commonly identified between ACLi individuals and uninjured controls (CON); however, how and which of these differences are adaptations to protect the knee or adversely increase risk of joint instability remain unclear. Since the neuromuscular system integrates activity of all muscles crossing the knee to create a moment‐of‐force that opposes an external load, this study sought to quantify differences in individual muscle electromyography (EMG)–moment relationships between ACLi and CON. Participants isometrically modulated ground reaction forces during a standing force matching protocol to elicit combinations of sagittal, frontal and transverse plane moments. Partial least squares regressions determined which internal joint moment(s) predicted activation of 10 leg muscles for each group. Compared to CON, ACLi demonstrated greater contribution of rectus femoris to knee extension, semitendinosus and gastrocnemii to knee flexion, and lateral gastrocnemii to knee external rotation moments. ACLi also showed lower contributions of biceps femoris to knee flexion, medial gastrocnemius to internal rotation, and varied hip muscle contributions to frontal plane hip moments. Between group differences in EMG–moment relationships during static conditions suggest neuromuscular contributions to sagittal plane stability increases after ACL injury, while knee stability during knee abduction and external rotation is reduced. Clinical Significance: Clinical assessments of ACLi should account for deficits in frontal and rotational plane stability by including tasks that elicit such loads. Improving hamstring muscle balance, hip abductor and gastrocnemius function may benefit ACLi rehabilitation interventions and should be studied further. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res
A model for predicting low probability of nonsentinel lymph node positivity in melanoma patients with a single positive sentinel lymph node
Authors: Bhutiani Neal , Egger Michael E. , Stromberg Arnold J. , Gershenwald Jeffrey E. , Ross Merrick I. ,  Philips Prejesh , Martin Robert C. G. , Scoggins Charles R. , McMasters Kelly M. 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundIdentifying factors associated with nonsentinel lymph node (NSN) metastases in melanoma patients with a single positive sentinel lymph node (SLN) could aid decision making regarding adjuvant therapy. We describe a model for identifying patients with a single positive SLN at low risk for NSN metastasis.MethodsFactors associated with NSN metastasis in patients with a primary cutaneous melanoma and a single positive SLN who underwent completion lymph node dissection (CLND) were identified. These factors were used to construct a model for predicting the NSN status. The model was validated using a separate data set from another tertiary referral cancer center.ResultsIn the training data set, 111 patients had a single positive SLN. Of these, 27 had positive NSN. SLN tumor deposit diameter ≥0.75 mm (OR, 3.43; P = 0.047), age ≥40 (OR, 12.14; P = 0.024), and multifocal SLN tumor deposit location (OR, 4.16; P = 0.0096) were independently associated with NSN positivity. Patients with 0 to 1 of these risk factors had a low risk of NSN metastasis in both the training (7.5%) and validation (4.6%) data sets.ConclusionsA combination of patient and SLN tumor burden characteristics can help to identify patients with a single positive SLN who are at a low risk of NSN metastasis.
The prognosis of colorectal cancer liver metastases associated with inflammatory bowel disease: An exploratory analysis
Authors: Margonis Georgios Antonios , Buettner Stefan , Andreatos Nikolaos , Wagner Doris , Sasaki Kazunari , Galjart Boris , Kamphues Carsten , Pawlik Timothy M , Poultsides George , Kaczirek Klaus , Lønning Per Eystein , Verhoef Cornelis , Kreis Martin E , Wolfgang Christopher L , Weiss Matthew J. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesIn contrast with sporadic colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)‐related CRLM have not been studied to date.MethodsPatients who underwent resection for IBD‐related and sporadic CRLM from 2000 to 2015 were identified from an international registry and matched for pertinent prognostic variables. Overall survival (OS) and recurrence‐free survival (RFS) were subsequently assessed.ResultsTwenty‐eight patients had IBD‐related CRLM. Synchronous extrahepatic disease was more common in IBD‐related CRLM patients than patients with sporadic CRLM (28.6% vs 8.3%; P < 0.001), most commonly located in the lungs. In multivariable analysis, IBD did not have a significant influence on OS (
P = 0.835), and had a hazard ratio (HR) close to 1 (HR, 0.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.57‐1.57). IBD was also not associated with inferior RFS (HR, 1.07; 95%CI, 0.68‐1.68;
P = 0.780). Among patients with IBD‐related CRLM, 9(50%) had isolated intrahepatic recurrence and 8(44.4%) isolated extrahepatic recurrence, while only 1(5.6%) developed combined recurrence. Of those who experienced recurrence after resection of IBD‐related CRLM, 10 had their recurrence treated with curative intent.ConclusionsPatients with IBD‐related CRLM had similar survival compared with patients with sporadic CRLM, even though they more often present with extrahepatic disease. In addition, patients with IBD‐related CRLM may experience patterns of recurrence different from patients with sporadic CRLM.
A catalyst based on 3,3′,5,5′‐tetra‐tert‐butyl‐4,4′‐stilbenequinone used in the liquid‐phase oxidation of sodium sulfide
Authors: Hoang H. Y. , Akhmadullin R. M. , Akhmadullina F. Y. , Zakirov R. K. , Akhmadullina A. G. , Dao M. U. , Sirotkin A. A. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis paper aims to investigate the liquid‐phase oxidation reaction mechanism of inorganic sulfide in the presence of a catalyst based on 3,3′,5,5′‐tetra‐tert‐butyl‐4,4′‐stilbenequinone dissolved in the kerosene fraction. The formation of intermediate and final products is also examined, pointing out that the products of catalytic sulfides oxidation are thiosulfate and sulfate. The study also looks at selective thiosulfate formation in the sulfide oxidation with stilbenequinone in an oxygen‐free environment. The research results show that the regeneration of a catalyst based on 3,3′,5,5′‐tetra‐tert‐butyl‐4,4′‐stilbenequinone is the rate‐limiting step of the reaction, and a considerable amount of hydrogen peroxide is formed during catalyst regeneration. Using wastewater industrial pyrolysis processes, the proposed catalytic system is also tested under laboratory conditions.
Krill motion in the Southern Ocean: quantifying in situ krill movement behaviors and distributions during the late austral autumn and spring
Authors: Kane Mary K. , Yopak Regina , Roman Christopher , Menden‐Deuer Susanne 
Published: September 2018

AbstractKrill movement behaviors and vertical distributions were measured in spring and autumn using a profiling stereo‐camera and environmental sensor system to quantify seasonal changes in the role of krill in Southern Ocean food webs. Krill were observed in May–June 2013 and December 2014 in 3 bays in the Western Antarctic Peninsula. Krill abundances and movement behaviors were determined from in situ image sequences collected for up to 10 min throughout the water column, up to 625 m deep; 3,345 individual krill tracks were collected. Seasonal changes in individual krill behaviors coincided with seasonal shifts in krill vertical distributions. During late spring, net upward swimming direction (0.9 ± 2.1° from horizontal) and vertical velocity (0.3 ± 0.2 body lengths [BL] s−1) resulted in shallower maximum abundances of krill within the water column proximate to near‐surface phytoplankton distributions. During late autumn, krill swimming patterns tended downward, including swimming direction (−5.2 ± 0.8° from horizontal) and vertical velocity (−0.1 ± 0.0 BL s−1), leading to deeper distributions proximate to the benthos. Individual krill motility was greater in spring than autumn, as evidenced by an increase in swimming speeds (5.4 ± 0.2 vs. 2.8 ± 0.0 BL s−1) and turning rates (120 ± 5 vs. 107 ± 2° s−1). Remarkably, krill in autumn were capable of swimming as quickly as krill in spring. These results suggest seasonal shifts in krill movement behaviors have direct ramifications for krill distributions, proximity to food sources, and impacts on biogeochemical cycling in coastal Antarctic waters.