bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Search for Optical Emission from Binary Black Hole Merger GW170814 with the Dark Energy Camera
Authors: Doctor Z. , Kessler R. , Herner K. , Palmese A. , Soares-Santos M. , Annis J. , Brout D. , Holz D. E. , Sako M. , Rest A. , Cowperthwaite P. , Berger E. , Foley R. J. , Conselice C. J. , Gill M. S. S. , Allam S. , Balbinot E. , Butler R. E. , Chen H.-Y. , Chornock R. , Cook E. , Diehl H. T. , Farr B. , Fong W. , Frieman J. , Fryer C. , García-Bellido J. , Margutti R. , Marshall J. L. , Matheson T. , Metzger B. D. , Nicholl M. , Paz-Chinchón F. , Salim S. , Sauseda M. , Secco L. F. , Smith R. C. , Smith N. , Vivas A. K. , Tucker D. L. , Abbott T. M. C. , Avila S. , Bechtol K. , Bertin E. , Brooks D. , Buckley-Geer E. , Burke D. L. , Rosell A. Carnero , Carrasco Kind M. , Carretero J. , Castander F. J. , D’Andrea C. B. , da Costa L. N. , De Vicente J. , Desai S. , Doel P. , Flaugher B. , Fosalba P. , Gaztanaga E. , Gerdes D. W. , Goldstein D. A. , Gruen D. , Gruendl R. A. , Gutierrez G. , Hartley W. G. , Hollowood D. L. , Honscheid K. , Hoyle B. , James D. J. , Jeltema T. , Kent S. , Kuehn K. , Kuropatkin N. , Lahav O. , Lima M. , Maia M. A. G. , March M. , Menanteau F. , Miller C. J. , Miquel R. , Neilsen E. , Nord B. , Ogando R. L. C. , Plazas A. A. , Roodman A. , Sanchez E. , Scarpine V. , Schindler R. , Schubnell M. , Serrano S. , Sevilla-Noarbe I. , Smith M. , Sobreira F. , Suchyta E. , Swanson M. E. C. , Tarle G. , Thomas D. , Walker A. R. , Wester W. ,   (DES Collaboration)
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Binary black hole (BBH) mergers found by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) and Virgo detectors are of immense scientific interest to the astrophysics community, but are considered unlikely to be sources of electromagnetic emission. To test whether they have rapidly fading optical counterparts, we used the Dark Energy Camera to perform an i-band search for the BBH merger GW170814, the first gravitational wave (GW) detected by three interferometers. The 87 deg2 localization region (at 90% confidence) centered in the Dark Energy Survey (DES) footprint enabled us to image 86% of the probable sky area to a depth of i ∼ 23 mag and provide the most comprehensive data set to search for electromagnetic (EM) emission from BBH mergers. To identify candidates, we perform difference imaging with our search images and with templates from pre-existing Dark Energy Survey (DES) images. The analysis strategy and selection requirements were designed to remove supernovae and to identify transients that decline in the first two epochs. We find two candidates, each of which is spatially coincident with a star or a high-redshift galaxy in the DES catalogs, and they are thus unlikely to be associated with GW170814. Our search finds no candidates associated with GW170814, disfavoring rapidly declining optical emission from BBH mergers brighter than i ∼ 23 mag (L
optical ∼ 5 × 1041 erg s−1) 1–2 days after coalescence. In terms of GW sky map coverage, this is the most complete search for optical counterparts to BBH mergers to date.
Pairwise Transverse Velocity Measurement with the Rees–Sciama Effect
Authors: Yasini Siavash , Mirzatuny Nareg , Pierpaoli Elena 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
We introduce a new estimator for the mean pairwise velocities of galaxy clusters, which is based on the measurement of the clusters’ transverse velocity components. The Rees–Sciama (RS) effect offers an opportunity to measure transverse peculiar velocities through its distinct dipolar signature around the halo centers in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature map. We exploit this dipolar structure to extract the magnitude and direction of the transverse velocity vectors from CMB maps simulated with the expected characteristics of future surveys like CMB-S4. Although in the presence of lensed CMB and instrumental noise individual velocities are not reliably reconstructed, we demonstrate that the mean pairwise velocity measurement obtained using the estimator yields a signal-to-noise ratio of 5.2 for ∼21,000 halos with M > 7 × 1013
M
⊙ in a 40 × 40 [deg2] patch at z = 0.5. While the proposed estimator carries promising prospects for measuring pairwise velocities through the RS effect in CMB stage IV experiments, its applications extend to any other potential probe of transverse velocities.
Ultrasonographic and Clinical Assessment of Peripheral Enthesitis in Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis, Psoriasis, and Fibromyalgia Syndrome: The ULISSE Study
Authors: Macchioni Pierluigi , Salvarani Carlo , Possemato Niccolò , Gutierrez Marwin , Grassi Walter , Gasparini Stefania , Perricone Carlo , Perrotta Fabio Massimo , Grembiale Rosa Daniela , Bruno Caterina , Tripolino Cesare , Govoni Marcello , Ciancio Giovanni , Farina Ilaria , Ramonda Roberta , Frallonardo Paola , Desiati Francesca , Scarpa Raffaele , Costa Luisa , Zabotti Alen , De Vita Salvatore , D’Attino Rita Maria , Gualberti Giuliana , Merolla Rocco , di Luzio Paparatti Umberto , Aldigeri Raffaella , Marchesoni Antonio 
Published: March 2019

Objective.The purpose of the ULISSE study was to evaluate the prevalence of clinical and ultrasonographic (US) entheseal involvement in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA), psoriasis, and fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS).Methods.In this cross-sectional multicenter study, patients with PsA and psoriasis (not taking systemic therapy) and FMS underwent a clinical evaluation of the entheses, and a B-mode and power Doppler examination of 6 pairs of entheses.Results.The study analyzed 140 patients with PsA, 51 with psoriasis, and 51 with FMS. Clinical and US examinations were performed in 1960 and 1680 entheses in the PsA group, and 714 and 612 entheses both in the psoriasis group and in the FMS group. In both per-patient and per-enthesis evaluation, the frequency of entheseal tenderness was higher in patients with FMS (92% of the patients and 46% of the entheses, compared with 66%/23% in the PsA group and 59%/18% in the psoriasis group). With US examination, signs of entheseal involvement were more frequent in both the per-patient and per-enthesis evaluation in PsA and psoriasis (about 90% of patients in both the PsA and psoriasis groups and 75% of patients in the FMS group had at least 1 site affected, and 54%, 41%, and 27% of the pairs of entheses in, respectively, PsA, psoriasis, and FMS patients showed at least 1 enthesis involved).Conclusion.The ULISSE study indicated that enthesitis is a common feature in patients with PsA, those with psoriasis, and in those with FMS if only clinical examination is used. US entheseal assessment showed findings more consistent with the 3 disorders.
Clinical Outcomes and Clinico-pathological Correlations in Lupus Nephritis with Kidney Biopsy Showing Thrombotic Microangiopathy
Authors: Li Chao , Yap Desmond Y.H. , Chan Gavin , Wen Yu-bing , Li Hang , Tang Colin , Li Xue-mei , Li Xue-wang , Chan Tak Mao 
Published: March 2019

Objective.Renal thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is an uncommon pathological finding in lupus nephritis (LN), and its clinical significance remains to be defined.Methods.Twenty-four patients with lupus nephritis (LN) and renal TMA were selected from a retrospective review of 677 biopsy-proven LN patients, and compared with 48 LN controls without TMA (1:2 ratio) matched according to demographics and treatments.Results.Renal TMA was noted in 3.5% of kidney biopsies of LN. TMA was associated with a higher prevalence of anti-Ro (45.8% vs 18.8%; p = 0.016), higher Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index scores (21.4 ± 8.5 vs 10.8 ± 2.3; p < 0.001), lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR; 16.8 ± 11.7 ml/min vs 77.8 ± 28.6 ml/min; p < 0.001), and a higher percentage of patients who required dialysis (37.5% vs 2.1%; p < 0.001) at the time of kidney biopsy. Activity and chronicity indices [median (range)] were higher in the TMA group [11 (2–19) and 3 (1–8), respectively, compared with 7 (0–15) and 1 (0–3) in controls; p = 0.004 and p < 0.001; respectively]. Patients with TMA showed inferior 5-year renal survival and higher incidence of chronic kidney disease at last followup (70% and 66.6%, respectively, compared with 95% and 29.2% in controls; p = 0.023 and 0.002, respectively). The TMA group also showed lower median eGFR compared with controls [50.1 (IQR 7–132) ml/min vs 85.0 (IQR 12–147) ml/min; p = 0.003]. Five-year patient survival rate was similar between the 2 groups (87% and 98% in TMA and control group, respectively; p = 0.127).Conclusion.TMA in kidney biopsy was associated with more severe clinical and histological activity, and significantly inferior longterm renal outcome in LN.
Identification of Axial Spondyloarthritis Patients in a Large Dataset: The Development and Validation of Novel Methods
Authors: Walsh Jessica A. , Pei Shaobo , Penmetsa Gopi , Hansen Jared Lareno , Cannon Grant W. , Clegg Daniel O. , Sauer Brian C. 
Published: March 2019

Objective.Observational axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) research in large datasets has been limited by a lack of adequate methods for identifying patients with axSpA, because there are no billing codes in the United States for most subtypes of axSpA. The objective of this study was to develop methods to accurately identify patients with axSpA in a large dataset.Methods.The study population included 600 chart-reviewed veterans, with and without axSpA, in the Veterans Health Administration between January 1, 2005, and June 30, 2015. AxSpA identification algorithms were developed with variables anticipated by clinical experts to be predictive of an axSpA diagnosis [demographics, billing codes, healthcare use, medications, laboratory results, and natural language processing (NLP) for key SpA features]. Random Forest and 5-fold cross validation were used for algorithm development and testing in the training subset (n = 451). The algorithms were additionally tested in an independent testing subset (n = 149).Results.Three algorithms were developed: Full algorithm, High Feasibility algorithm, and Spond NLP algorithm. In the testing subset, the areas under the curve with the receiver-operating characteristic analysis were 0.96, 0.94, and 0.86, for the Full algorithm, High Feasibility algorithm, and Spond NLP algorithm, respectively. Algorithm sensitivities ranged from 85.0% to 95.0%, specificities from 78.0% to 93.6%, and accuracies from 82.6% to 91.3%.Conclusion.Novel axSpA identification algorithms performed well in classifying patients with axSpA. These algorithms offer a range of performance and feasibility attributes that may be appropriate for a broad array of axSpA studies. Additional research is required to validate the algorithms in other cohorts.
Monoclonal Gammopathy, Arthralgias, and Recurrent Fever Syndrome: A New Autoinflammatory Syndrome?
Authors: Terré Alexandre , Talbot Alexis , Louvrier Camille , Picque Jean Baptiste , Mahévas Matthieu , Boutboul David , Amselem Serge , Giurgea Irina , Grateau Gilles , Georgin-Lavialle Sophie 
Published: March 2019

Objective.To describe a new autoinflammatory syndrome with recurrent fever and monoclonal gammopathy that differs from Schnitzler syndrome.Methods.We conducted a retrospective study of patients with monoclonal gammopathy and recurrent fever of unknown origin.Results.Five patients were studied; median age at onset of symptoms was 44 years. Median frequency of fever attacks was 6 episodes per year. In the absence of treatment, the median duration of fevers was 3 days.Conclusion.This new autoinflammatory syndrome is defined by an association among monoclonal gammopathy, arthralgias, and recurrent fever.
Effect of Treatment on Imaging, Clinical, and Serologic Assessments of Disease Activity in Large-vessel Vasculitis
Authors: Banerjee Shubhasree , Quinn Kaitlin A. , Gribbons K. Bates , Rosenblum Joel S. , Civelek Ali Cahid , Novakovich Elaine , Merkel Peter A. , Ahlman Mark A. , Grayson Peter C. 
Published: March 2019

Objective.Disease activity in large-vessel vasculitis (LVV) is traditionally assessed by clinical and serological variables rather than vascular imaging. This study determined the effect of treatment on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) vascular activity in relation to clinical- and serologic-based assessments.Methods.Patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA) or Takayasu arteritis (TA) were prospectively evaluated at 6-month intervals in an observational cohort. Treatment changes were made at least 3 months before the followup visit and categorized as increased, decreased, or unchanged. Imaging (FDG-PET qualitative analysis), clinical, and serologic (erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein) assessments were determined at each visit and compared over interval visits.Results.Serial assessments were performed in 52 patients with LVV (GCA = 31; TA = 21) over 156 visits. Increased, decreased, or unchanged therapy was recorded for 36-, 23-, and 32-visit intervals, respectively. When treatment was increased, there was significant reduction in disease activity by imaging, clinical, and inflammatory markers (p ≤ 0.01 for each). When treatment was unchanged, all 3 assessments of disease activity remained similarly unchanged over 6-month intervals. When treatment was reduced, PET activity significantly worsened (p = 0.02) but clinical and serologic activity did not significantly change. Treatment of GCA with tocilizumab and of TA with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors resulted in significant improvement in imaging and clinical assessments of disease activity, but only rarely did the assessments both become normal.Conclusion.In addition to clinical and serologic assessments, vascular imaging has potential to monitor disease activity in LVV and should be tested as an outcome measure in randomized clinical trials.
Increased Risk of Ischemic Stroke in Systemic Sclerosis: A National Cohort Study of US Veterans
Authors: Ying David , Gianfrancesco Milena A. , Trupin Laura , Yazdany Jinoos , Greidinger Eric L. , Schmajuk Gabriela 
Published: March 2019

Objective.Previously thought to involve primarily the microvasculature, systemic sclerosis (SSc) has been increasingly linked to macrovascular disease. Cardiovascular (CV) and cerebrovascular disease are responsible for 20–30% of mortality in SSc, but few studies have shown an independent association between SSc and stroke. We assessed whether SSc was an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke.Methods.We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the national Veterans Affairs (VA) administrative database containing records from 1999 to 2014. We obtained data for all patients with a diagnosis of SSc as well as 2 controls per SSc patient matched on sex, race, smoking status, and VA site. All patients were followed until development of ischemic stroke, death, or last encounter. We used a Cox proportional hazard regression model to estimate risk of ischemic stroke, with adjustments for CV comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes, atrial fibrillation, non-cerebrovascular atherosclerotic disease, hyperlipidemia), baseline medication use (aspirin, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs), and Medicare enrollment.Results.Among 4545 individuals with SSc (83% male, mean age 60.9 yrs), the incidence rate of ischemic stroke was 15.3 per 1000 person-years (vs 12.2 in the control cohort), with an unadjusted HR 1.28 (95% CI 1.11–1.47). The adjusted HR was 1.21 (95% CI 1.05–1.40) after adjusting for baseline CV risk factors, medications, and Medicare enrollment.Conclusion.SSc is independently associated with a higher risk of ischemic stroke among US veterans. Patients with SSc represent a population likely to benefit from targeted stroke screening or prevention therapies.
Incidence of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Nematoda: Parasitaphelenchidae) in Nova Scotia, Canada Christmas tree (Pinaceae) plantations
Authors: Blatt Suzanne , Bishop Charlane , Burgher-MacLellan Karen 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe occurrence of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner and Buhrer) (Nematoda: Aphelenchida: Parasitaphelenchidae) (pinewood nematode) in Canada prevents export of wood products, including Christmas trees (Pinaceae), to Europe. A nationwide survey in 1992 extracted B. xylophilus from mature, dead, or dying balsam fir (Abies balsamea (Linnaeus) Miller; Pinaceae), but not young, healthy Christmas trees. Three species known to harbour B. xylophilus are found in Nova Scotia, but incidence of B. xylophilus within these species is unknown. Monochamus Dejean (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) species were collected from nine and 20 sites, in 2014 and 2015, respectively, using panel traps baited with a Monochamus lure and evaluated for the presence of pinewood nematode using molecular methods after DNA isolation. Beetles were processed for DNA isolation individually in 2014 and in batches (same species and sex from same collection site and date) in 2015. Bursaphelenchus xylophilus was recovered from all three Monochamus species (M. marmorator Kirby, M. notatus (Drury), and M. scutellatus (Say)) captured in Nova Scotia Christmas tree plantations. Percentage of beetles harbouring B. xylophilus varied with species and sex. Fourteen beetle samples were selected and sent for polymerase chain reaction sequencing. Sequencing results indicated that Bursaphelenchus xylophilus found in Nova Scotia are most similar to isolates from Canada (New Brunswick and Québec), the United States of America, and China.
Testing for trade-offs between flight and reproduction in the mountain pine beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on two pine (Pinaceae) hosts
Authors: Wijerathna Asha , Whitehouse Caroline , Proctor Heather , Evenden Maya 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMountain pine beetle,Dendroctonus ponderosaeHopkins (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), adults fly to disperse before host colonisation. The effect of flight on reproduction was tested by comparing the number and quality of offspring from beetles flown on flight mills to that of unflown control beetles. Beetles reproduced in bolts of their native host, lodgepole pine (Pinus contortavar.latifoliaEngelmann (Pinaceae)), or a novel host, jack pine (Pinus banksianaLambert (Pinaceae)). Bolts infested by control beetles produced more offspring overall than bolts with flown beetles. The effect of pine species on the number of offspring produced per bolt varied by individual tree. Flown adults produced fewer offspring compared to control parents in all bolts in jack pine regardless of the tree, but tree-level variation was visible in lodgepole pine. An interaction between flight treatment and tree host affected beetle body condition. More offspring emerged from jack pine, but higher quality offspring emerged from lodgepole pine. The offspring sex ratio was female-biased regardless of parental flight treatment. This study reveals trade-offs between flight and reproduction in mountain pine beetle as measured at the level of the bolt.
Gender diversity, ethnic diversity and employee performance in a South African higher education institution
Authors: Zhuwao Simbarashe , Ngirande Hlanganipai , Ndlovu Wiseman , Setati Sam T. 
Published: March 2019

Orientation: Although there has been an improvement in workforce diversity in South Africa, gender and ethnicity issues such as discrimination, prejudice and sexual harassment prevail within organisations. This is because organisational leaders view diversity as a matter of legal compliance instead of as a value addition to organisational growth and profitability. Based on this, it is important for organisations to understand the economic side of diversity and not just be content with having such a workforce.Research purpose: This study investigated the effects of gender and ethnic diversity on the performance of employees in a selected higher education institution in South Africa.Motivation of the study: The study was conducted to determine whether gender and ethnic diversity influences the performance of employees in a higher education institution in South Africa. It is believed that by doing so, the study may assist organisational leaders to determine strategies and best practices that will create culture that is inclusive rather than exclusive.Research approach/design and method: A cross-sectional research design was used. A stratified random sample (n = 258) was chosen by dividing employees into homogeneous strata of academic and non-academic employees. A self-administered questionnaire was used to gather data. Pearson product moment correlation and multiple regression analysis were performed.Main findings: The results show that gender diversity and ethnic diversity are positively and significantly related to employee performance. The study recommends that higher education institutions implement effective diversity management policies and strategies to improve the effectiveness of gender and ethnic diversity towards the performance of employees.Practical/managerial implications: The study recommends organisations to embrace diversity and not just abide by the affirmative action policies and be satisfied with having such a workforce. To achieve this, effective diversity management programmes such as diversity training and mentoring programmes should be implemented to ensure that all employees are properly trained on diversity issues.Contribution/value add: First of all, the findings of this study will add to existing knowledge that will aid in the understanding of gender and ethnic diversity in general and its relevance to employee performance, which in turn leads to organisational performance. Furthermore, this study will be an eye opener to organisational leaders and employees as it will help them to begin to see that diversity is a blessing rather than a matter of legal compliance. It will help organisations to see the need for having diversity and confirm that employees can work together despite their differences.
The Multivocal Monody: Milton and the Poetics of Justa Edouardo King
Authors: Ladd John R. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT
Milton's Lycidas is often placed in the context of Milton's career, but scholars have put less emphasis on its original print setting: the 1638 university miscellany Justa Edouardo King. By attending to the ways the poem may have been received by readers of the 1638 volume, this essay reads Lycidas as a response and counter to the other poems in the volume—the work of a poet attuned to his immediate social circumstances and reception. In Lycidas Milton is simultaneously engaged and at odds with his fellow contributors, and the poem expresses a tension between individual and collective impulses that would come to characterize much of Milton's future writing.
Milton's Manuring: Paradise Lost, Husbandry, and the Possibilities of Waste
Authors: Cornes Saskia 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT
Reading with a rich knowledge of agricultural praxis and the ways in which early modern readers understood the highly specific and uniquely Miltonic forms of labor that Adam and Eve perform in Paradise Lost, I argue that prelapsarian agrarian tasks, previously read as acts of diminution or (spiritual) discipline, are instead acts of material and spiritual increase. Adam and Eve knowingly and willingly set themselves an infinite, if pleasurable, task in their efforts to steward Eden through their lopping, pruning, and manuring. A closer examination of the material substance and the extent of Adam and Eve's efforts reveals new depth to their faith, a new form of georgic, and most importantly, a new vision of Milton's paradise as a place with the possibility, and the means, of expansion, change, and improvement. This more dynamic vision of prelapsarian life adds new poignancy to the Fall, and situates Milton's Eden within a constellation of experiments in rightful occupation without ownership, including those of Gerrard Winstanley, and countless writers of practical handbooks on agriculture.