bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Warring on the Economy
Authors: Gerzon Mark 
Published: September 2018

War and peace. Jimmy Carter's aides called it “the Tolstoi issue.” The incumbent hammered at it endlessly. The differences between the candidates were “stark,“ he said: Trigger-happy Ronald Reagan would lead America into war; he, the president, would be prudent and safeguard the peace.The economy. Ronald Reagan blamed the Carter administration for rising unemployment and recordsetting inflation. The free-spending Democrats would lead us into a depression, Reagan warned; the thrifty Republicans would stop inflation and “put America back to work.”Yet not once during the long campaign did either of the main candidates mention the link between the two. Not once did they discuss how the military budget affects the civilian economy. The American electorate was offered a choice between spending a little more on the arms race or spending a lot more. Carter and Reagan were as one, though, in assuming that military arms equal national security and that arms spending equals a strong economy. In fact, both assumptions are wrong.
Looking Back to '68
Authors: Finn James 
Published: September 2018

There is in this land a certain restlessness, a questioning,” said President Lyndon Johnson when he delivered his State of the Union message at the beginning of 1968. How right he was. And to his own question of “why, why this restlessness?” he responded: “Because when a great ship cuts through the seas, the waters are stirred and troubled. And our ship is moving….“What Lyndon Johnson overlooked in his neat metaphor was that a lot of passengers on that ship were stirred and troubled, fearing that they were on a new Titanic setting due course for a large iceberg that was highly visible to them but apparently not to Captain Johnson and his crew.
Faith and Disorder in Bangalore
Authors: Pannenberg Wolfhart 
Published: September 2018

The Faith and Order Commission of the World Council of Churches met for two weeks last August in Bangalore, India. Future historians may conclude that Bangalore marked the end of what is called secular ecumenism. But first, a little of what led up to these developments.After the Commission's meeting in Montreal (1963) it seemed to many that the direct path to ecclesial unity had been blocked. The goal of the World Council of Churches (WCC), to bring about a greater unity among the churches, seemed to some no longer possible and to others no longer desirable. But the majority hoped that both unity and effective witness could be better advanced if the WCC took a detour, focusing on the urgent political and social problems facing all the churches.
The Other China Hunger: Part II
Authors: London Miriam , London Ivan D. 
Published: September 2018

It's nothing new in Chinese history to impress the foreigner for the sake of the country's face,” said a young escaper last year in Hong Kong, who by no means intended to denigrate his country. “When people from other countries came to the ancient capital of Ch'ang An in the Tang Dynasty, it was so gorgeously decorated, those foreigners were astounded….If the rulers today desire not to let foreigners see anyone wearing patched clothes, that can easily be arranged. And if they want to show foreigners trees in Peking with silk hanging from the branches, that is also possible.”Visitors from afar viewing today what B. Michael Frolic describes as “the peaceful blues and grays and whites of Chinese cities” would certainly smile at the thought of brocades waving in the breeze.
True Objects: Camus and the American Peace Effort
Authors: Pickus Robert 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWe can count on injustice in human affairs; on privilege, exploitation, and violence. Violence, which in its ability to turn a human being into a thing, inflicts the final injustice.But we can count, too, on men and social movements to challenge and so to limit this grim reality. In one era a revived religious or political tradition, in another a movement of the oppressed, but in every time some men will affirm dignity and brotherhood and the possibility of community across national, racial, and ideological barriers.It is a tragic moment in history when such people lose their bearings; when the ideas and goals that inspired them fundamentally alter; when an accurate assessment of their spiritual health is Nietzsche's “1 have forgotten why ever I began.”
Ethiopia's Great Terror
Authors: Magstadt Thomas M. 
Published: September 2018

Last fall the United States ambassador to the United Nations, Jeane Kirkpatrick, attempted to draw worldwide attention to the “savagery” of Ethiopia's Marxist regime. “It is estimated that some 30,000 persons in Ethiopia were summarily executed for political reasons between 1974 and 1978,” she told the U.N. General Assembly on October 2, 1981. “Twelve-year-old children were among those immersed in hot oil. sexually tortured, or flung out of windows and left to die in the street.”At about the same time Ambassador Kirkpatrick was detailing the horrors of the Mengistu government, the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service was busy preparing a review of the residency status of Ethiopians living in the United Stales.
The Politics of Pesticides
Authors: Roosevelt Edith Kermit 
Published: September 2018

America's foreign policy establishment is bracing itself for a pesticide time bomb: the explosive revelations of how developing countries are being turned into dumping grounds for dangerous pesticides that are banned in the United States. A House subcommittee on international economic policy and trade, which is conducting hearings on a bill introduced by Representative Michael D. Barnes (D-Md.) to control the export of hazardous materials, has information from the World Health Organization that 500,000 people are poisoned each year in the Third World as a result of direct exposure to pesticides, about 5,000 fatally.“The nations of the developing world are most vulnerable and often lack the capability to monitor and regulate dangerous imports,” says Jacob Scherr, staff attorney for the Washington-based Natural Resources Defense Council, a group that monitors global environmental matters. In his testimony to Congress Scherr warned of “the potential negative foreign policy consequences of the export of hazardous wastes to developing nations.”
The Philippines: Prospects for Democracy
Authors: Manglapus Raul S. 
Published: September 2018

The ill-again/well-again image of Ferdinand Marcos is attributed by doctors to a kidney ailment similar to the one that did not succeed in killing Anastasio Somoza of Nicaragua. Still, Marcos has already had a “piggy-back” kidney transplant (the donor reportedly one of his children) and may be in much more, danger of dying from the ailment than Somoza ever was—a prospect that has prodded some of the opposition to produce a new “fast-track” scenario to take effect upon his demise.The heightened expectations of Marco's imminent death have reduced interest in an earlier scenario drawn up last April in Hong Kong by six opposition figures: former Senators Lorenzo Tanada, Jose Diokno, and Jovito Salonga, former President Diosdado Macapagal (represented by Abraham Sarmiento, Constitutional Convention vice-president in 1971), Agapito Aquino (brother of the martyred Senator Benigno Aquino), and this writer.
The Age of Papandreou
Authors: Rousseas Stephen 
Published: September 2018

Once upon a time there were two Papandreous—Papandreou plre and Papandreou fils—and one Caramanlis. Now there is only a Papandreou fils, Andreas.The last of these to depart the political scene, President Constantine Caramanlis, was the man who Queen Frederica and the United States had chosen over many more senior heads of the conservative Right for the premiership of Greece in 1955. Then a mere forty-eight, he reigned over an ultraconservative government that was at times severely repressive and not above rigging elections or making use of political thugs. Forced out by Frederica in 1963 amidst the scandal of the Lambrakis case—the subject of the highly successful film Z—Caramanlis went into selfimposed exile in Paris.
Hungary Remembered: 1956-81
Authors: Matthews John P. C. 
Published: September 2018

It was on October 23, twenty-five years ago, that Hungarian students first tobk to the streets of Budapest shouting slogans and addressing demands to the regime The unexpectedly harsh reaction to those demands touched off what is called the Hungarian Revolution of 1956—the two weeks of patriotic struggle, revolution, and heady freedom that came to an end with the brutal predawn drive of the Soviet military machine.Actually, fierce fighting continued for another ten days and was carried on sporadically for weeks. “Free dom radios” transmitted regularly through November 9, and the last did not fall silent for many days beyond that Workers' and revolutionary councils, though out lawed by decree, functioned throughout much of the country until well into the next year. Compulsory Rus sian was abolished in the universities in late November (not to be reinstituted until February, 19S7) and a general strike paralyzed the country for months.
The Bipartisan Trap
Authors: Baker Ross K. 
Published: September 2018

The Democratic party is like an estranged married couple that tries to make a go of it again. However great its resolve to play up the things held in common and to minimize those causing strife, it soon finds that the matters that tear at the relationship are of equal or greater importance than those that cement it. One might say that on many issues the Democratic party is divided between those who squeeze the toothpaste tube in the middle and those who roll it up from the end.For openers, there are elements in the party who are distinctly uncomfortable with many of the constituencies that traditionally have lent it support. For another thing, the party itself is divided between vintage free-traders and born-again protectionists. Although Democrats want government to have more than the limited role Ronald Reagan would consign to it, many in the party fear that the voters are unsympathetic to its statist proclivities.
The Bishop & South Africa: An Interview With Desmond Tutu
Authors: Suarez Rafael 
Published: September 2018

Rafael Suarez: The subject most in the news lately concerning South Africa is the drafting of a new constitution. As many Americans know, the constitution includes the socalled coloured and Asian populations in the new political process, but not the blacks. What is your position on the new constitution?Bishop Tutu: We have no doubt at all that it is something to be rejected out of hand because it is totally undemocratic, excluding as it does 70 per cent of the population.
Politician and Farm Hand: A Tale of Two Paraguayan Prisoners
Authors: Bridges Sydney 
Published: September 2018

From February to July, 1978, no one would confirm to Gumercindo Britez's mother that he was a prisoner in the Department of Investigations, but she knew. She returned to Paraguay from northern Argentina as soon as she heard; every day she sat in the Investigations waiting room, hoping some policeman would finally tell her, or that some other prisoner's relatives might have seen or heard of her son.In contrast, it took Rafaela Laino only a few hours to obtain confirmation that her husband was at Investigations. Like every other wife and mother whose family members have been arrested, she went from one police station to another with a package of clothing, hoping that somewhere a policeman would accept it and thus formally acknowledge her husband's detention. But Rafaela's quest was different: Diplomats from three countries were also inquiring after Domingo Laino, a leader of Paraguay's largest opposition party.
An Intellectual Portrait of Pope John Paul II
Authors: Williams George Huntston 
Published: September 2018

Appearing on the balcony of St. Peter's, his first words as supreme pontiff were: “May Jesus Christ be praised!” At the close of the installation eucharist John Paul II lifted high the papal crozier, redesigned by Pope Paul as a staff surmounted by the crucified Christ. In all his utterances to date the new pope has emphasized Christ as the hope of the world but has also lifted up the mankind Christ came to save. He has illuminated the variousness of this mankind, from the individual in all his loneliness, even his alienation, to persons in collectivities of family, class, race, and nation. He has described many Christians too as people often filled with doubt about their ultimate meaning to themselves or for others, both on the level of social relations of all kinds and in the redemptive community of the Church. John Paul closed his installation homily: “I appeal to all men—to every man (and with what veneration the apostle of Christ must utter this word, ‘man’)—pray for me.“Some days later John Paul visited Santa Maria Sopra Minerva and declared that he dedicated his pontificate to the Dominican tertiary St. Catherine of Siena (d. 1380). This was one further gesture of his identification with the Italian people as their national primate, for St. Catherine and St. Francis of Assisi are the two patron saints of Italy. But he was also signaling his intention, in his choice of a lay woman, a reformer, a crusader, a mystic, and a doctor of the Church (so proclaimed in 1970), to assign high positions of decisionmaking to lay women and to female religious of all orders in recognition of the prominent role women have played in the past and of the much greater role, short of the priesthood, they would be playing under his pontificate.
The Sad Case of Argentina
Authors: O'Mara Richard 
Published: September 2018

She's an airline hostess, with the conventional beauty of the type. Above an open and smiling face the copy reads: “Lindsay MacGowan's grandfather came from Glasgow. Her grandmother came from Dublin. She wants to fly you home with her to Argentina.”Lindsay and two of her compatriots were featured in an advertising campaign for Aerolineas Argentinas late last year. Their purpose was to persuade American readers of Business Week that Argentina and its national airline are European, which presumably suggests efficiency and, as the ad puts it, customer treatment that is “Stylish and rather grand,” not South American, which suggests the opposite.
Volunteers of Conscience
Authors: Rhor Mónica 
Published: September 2018

A group of New Yorkers meet in a spacious apartment off Central Park West to discuss the welfare of Paulus Kenop, an Indonesian arrested for raising a separatist flag outside a government building in his country. None of the thirteen people present has ever met Kenop and probably never will. None shares his political beliefs, yet all are willing to do their best to free him.These educated, affluent professionals form one of Amnesty International's most effective New York "adoption groups"–Group 26. They are all volunteers who meet once a month to work on particular cases involving political prisoners.
Enacting agency: exploring how older adults shape their neighbourhoods
Authors: Hand Carri , Laliberte Rudman Debbie , Huot Suzanne , Pack Rachael , Gilliland Jason 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWithin research on ageing in neighbourhoods, older adults are often positioned as impacted by neighbourhood features; their impact on neighbourhoods is less often considered. Drawing on a study exploring how person and place transact to shape older adults’ social connectedness, inclusion and engagement in neighbourhoods, this paper explores how older adults take action in efforts to create neighbourhoods that meet individual and collective needs and wants. We drew on ethnographic and community-based participatory approaches and employed qualitative and geospatial methods with 14 older adults in two neighbourhoods. Analysis identified three themes that described the ways that older adults enact agency at the neighbourhood level: being present and inviting casual social interaction, helping others and taking community action. The participants appeared to contribute to a collective sense of connectedness and creation of social spaces doing everyday neighbourhood activities and interacting with others. Shared territories in which others were present seemed to support such interactions. Participants also helped others in a variety of ways, often relating to gaps in services and support, becoming neighbourhood-based supports for other seniors. Finally, participants contributed to change at the community level, such as engaging politically, patronising local businesses and making improvements in public places. Study findings suggest the potential benefits of collaborating with older adults to create and maintain liveable neighbourhoods.
Purulent pericarditis secondary to influenza and community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus co-infection
Authors: Morparia Kavita , Peshkovsky Courtney , Kalyanaraman Meena 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPurulent pericarditis occurs rarely in the current antibiotic era. We describe clinical and echocardiographic features of purulent pericarditis in a previously healthy child with influenza and community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus co-infection. The child was already on appropriate antibiotics and had a very subtle clinical presentation, with prominent abdominal symptoms. Timely surgical drainage led to complete recovery.
Coronary artery occlusion secondary to graft versus host disease after bone marrow transplant in a 21-year-old
Authors: Huang Sihong , Martin Paul , Campbell M. Jay 
Published: September 2018

AbstractCoronary artery disease after bone marrow transplantation is rare in children and young adults. We report the case of a 21-year-old who developed coronary artery disease and acute myocardial infarction secondary to graft versus host disease following bone marrow transplantation. Physicians caring for young patients after bone marrow transplantation should be aware of the potential for coronary artery disease and evaluate appropriately.
A diffusion model approach to analyzing performance on the Flanker task: The role of the DLPFC
Authors: SOARES SERGIO MIGUEL PEREIRA , ONG GABRIEL , ABUTALEBI JUBIN , DEL MASCHIO NICOLA , SEWELL DAVID , WEEKES BRENDAN 
Published: September 2018

The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) are involved in conflict detection and conflict resolution, respectively. Here, we investigate how lifelong bilingualism induces neuroplasticity to these structures by employing a novel analysis of behavioural performance. We correlated grey matter volume (GMV) in seniors reported by Abutalebi et al. (2015) with behavioral Flanker task performance fitted using the diffusion model (Ratcliff, 1978). As predicted, we observed significant correlations between GMV in the DLPFC and Flanker performance. However, for monolinguals the non-decision time parameter was significantly correlated with GMV in the left DLPFC, whereas for bilinguals the correlation was significant in the right DLPFC. We also found a significant correlation between age and GMV in left DLPFC and the non-decision time parameter for the conflict effect for monolinguals only.We submit that this is due to cumulative demands on cognitive control over a lifetime of bilingual language processing.
How Accurately Can We Measure the Reconnection Rate EM for the MMS Diffusion Region Event of 11 July 2017?
Authors: Genestreti K. J. , Nakamura T. K. M. , Nakamura R. , Denton R. E. , Torbert R. B. , Burch J. L. , Plaschke F. , Fuselier S. A. , Ergun R. E. , Giles B. L. , Russell C. T. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWe investigate the accuracy with which the reconnection electric field EM can be determined from in situ plasma data. We study the magnetotail electron diffusion region observed by National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) on 11 July 2017 at 22:34 UT and focus on the very large errors in EM that result from errors in an LMN boundary normal coordinate system. We determine several LMN coordinates for this MMS event using several different methods. We use these M axes to estimate EM. We find some consensus that the reconnection rate was roughly EM = 3.2 ± 0.6 mV/m, which corresponds to a normalized reconnection rate of 0.18 ± 0.035. Minimum variance analysis of the electron velocity (MVA‐ve), MVA of E, minimization of Faraday residue, and an adjusted version of the maximum directional derivative of the magnetic field (MDD‐B) technique all produce reasonably similar coordinate axes. We use virtual MMS data from a particle‐in‐cell simulation of this event to estimate the errors in the coordinate axes and reconnection rate associated with MVA‐ve and MDD‐B. The L and M directions are most reliably determined by MVA‐ve when the spacecraft observes a clear electron jet reversal. When the magnetic field data have errors as small as 0.5% of the background field strength, the M direction obtained by MDD‐B technique may be off by as much as 35°. The normal direction is most accurately obtained by MDD‐B. Overall, we find that these techniques were able to identify EM from the virtual data within error bars ≥20%.
Energization of the Ring Current by Substorms
Authors: Sandhu J. K. , Rae I. J. , Freeman M. P. , Forsyth C. , Gkioulidou M. , Reeves G. D. , Spence H. E. , Jackman C. M. , Lam M. M. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe substorm process releases large amounts of energy into the magnetospheric system, although where the energy is transferred to and how it is partitioned remains an open question. In this study, we address whether the substorm process contributes a significant amount of energy to the ring current. The ring current is a highly variable region, and understanding the energization processes provides valuable insight into how substorm‐ring current coupling may contribute to the generation of storm conditions and provide a source of energy for wave driving. In order to quantify the energy input into the ring current during the substorm process, we analyze Radiation Belt Storm Probes Ion Composition Experiment and Helium Oxygen Proton Electron ion flux measurements for H+, O+, and He+. The energy content of the ring current is estimated and binned spatially for L and magnetic local time. The results are combined with an independently derived substorm event list to perform a statistical analysis of variations in the ring current energy content with substorm phase. We show that the ring current energy is significantly higher in the expansion phase compared to the growth phase, with the energy enhancement persisting into the substorm recovery phase. The characteristics of the energy enhancement suggest the injection of energized ions from the tail plasma sheet following substorm onset. The local time variations indicate a loss of energetic H+ ions in the afternoon sector, likely due to wave‐particle interactions. Overall, we find that the average energy input into the ring current is ∼9% of the previously reported energy released during substorms.