bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parallel Multigrid for Nonlinear Cloth Simulation
Authors: Wang Zhendong , Wu Longhua , Fratarcangeli Marco , Tang Min , Wang Huamin 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAccurate high‐resolution simulation of cloth is a highly desired computational tool in graphics applications. As single‐resolution simulation starts to reach the limit of computational power, we believe the future of cloth simulation is in multi‐resolution simulation. In this paper, we explore nonlinearity, adaptive smoothing, and parallelization under a full multigrid (FMG) framework. The foundation of this research is a novel nonlinear FMG method for unstructured meshes. To introduce nonlinearity into FMG, we propose to formulate the smoothing process at each resolution level as the computation of a search direction for the original high‐resolution nonlinear optimization problem. We prove that our nonlinear FMG is guaranteed to converge under various conditions and we investigate the improvements to its performance. We present an adaptive smoother which is used to reduce the computational cost in the regions with low residuals already. Compared to normal iterative solvers, our nonlinear FMG method provides faster convergence and better performance for both Newton's method and Projective Dynamics. Our experiment shows our method is efficient, accurate, stable against large time steps, and friendly with GPU parallelization. The performance of the method has a good scalability to the mesh resolution, and the method has good potential to be combined with multi‐resolution collision handling for real‐time simulation in the future.
Few‐shot Learning of Homogeneous Human Locomotion Styles
Authors: Mason I. , Starke S. , Zhang H. , Bilen H. , Komura T. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractUsing neural networks for learning motion controllers from motion capture data is becoming popular due to the natural and smooth motions they can produce, the wide range of movements they can learn and their compactness once they are trained. Despite these advantages, these systems require large amounts of motion capture data for each new character or style of motion to be generated, and systems have to undergo lengthy retraining, and often reengineering, to get acceptable results. This can make the use of these systems impractical for animators and designers and solving this issue is an open and rather unexplored problem in computer graphics. In this paper we propose a transfer learning approach for adapting a learned neural network to characters that move in different styles from those on which the original neural network is trained. Given a pretrained character controller in the form of a Phase‐Functioned Neural Network for locomotion, our system can quickly adapt the locomotion to novel styles using only a short motion clip as an example. We introduce a canonical polyadic tensor decomposition to reduce the amount of parameters required for learning from each new style, which both reduces the memory burden at runtime and facilitates learning from smaller quantities of data. We show that our system is suitable for learning stylized motions with few clips of motion data and synthesizing smooth motions in real‐time.
Reconstructing Flowers from Sketches
Authors: Bobenrieth Cédric , Seo Hyewon , Cordier Frédéric , Habibi Arash 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAs the symbol of beauty, floral objects have been one of the most popular subjects of artistic drawing. However, designing 3D floral models is generally time‐ and resource‐consuming, because of their structural and geometrical complexity. In this paper, we address the problem of reconstructing floral objects from sketch input. The user draws a relatively clean sketch of a flower and a few additional guide markings from an arbitrary view to rapidly create quality geometric models of flowers. Our system offers a novel modeling scheme compared to several existing flower modelers accepting sketch as input, where the user is required to work with different views, providing step‐by‐step sketch input. Given the silhouette and the guide strokes, an assumed, common botanical structure is estimated, i.e. a cone for each ring of petals. The cones and the silhouette sketch that we segment into elementary curves are used to retrieve model elements from the pre‐constructed shape database. These elements are then placed together around the cone, where an additional, per‐element deformation is performed so as to maximize the silhouette similarity between the user sketch and the 3D flower model from the chosen view. Our system has shown to robustly create a variety of flowers in various configurations, including flower models with several petal layers and various blooming degrees, drawn from different views.
Uncut Aerial Video via a Single Sketch
Authors: Yang Hao , Xie Ke , Huang Shengqiu , Huang Hui 
Published: October 2018

AbstractNowadays UAV filming is getting popular, more and more stunning aerial videos appearing online. Nonetheless, making a good uncut aerial video with only one‐long‐shot for the large‐scale outdoor scenes is still quite challenging, no many eye‐catching pieces available yet. It requires users to have both consummate drone controlling skill and good perception of filming aesthetics. If totally manual, the user has to simultaneously adjust the drone position and the mounted camera orientation during the whole flyby while trying to keep all operation changes executed smoothly. Recent research has proposed a number of planning tools for automatic or semi‐automatic aerial videography, however, most requires rather complex user inputs and heavy computations.In this paper, we propose a user‐friendly system designed to simplify the input and automatically generate continuous camera moves to capture compelling aerial videos that users prefer to see without any post cutting or editing. Assume a rough 2.5D scene model that includes all the regions of interest are available, users are only required to casually draw a single sketch on the 2D map. Our system will analyze this rough sketch input, compute the corresponding quality views in 3D safe flying zone, and then create a globally optimal camera trajectory passing through regions of user interest via solving a combinatorial problem. At end, we optimize the drone flying speed locally to make the resulting aerial videos more visually pleasing.
A Practical Approach to Physically‐Based Reproduction of Diffusive Cosmetics
Authors: Kim Goanghun , Ko Hyeong‐Seok 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn this paPer, we introduce so‐called the bSX method as a new way to utilize the Kubelka‐Munk (K‐M) model. Assuming the material is completely diffusive, the K‐M model gives the reflectance and transmittance of the material from the observation of the material applied on a backing, where the observation includes the thickness of the material application. By rearranging the original K‐M equation, we propose that the reflectance and transmittance can be calculated without knowing the thickness. This is a practically useful contribution. Based on the above finding, we develop the bSX method which can (1) capture the material specific parameters from the two photos – taken before and after the material application, and (2) reproduce its effect on a novel backing. We exPerimented the proposed method in various cases related to virtual cosmetic try‐on, which include (1) capture from a single color backing, (2) capture from human skin backing, (3) reproduction of varying thickness effect, (4) reproduction of multi‐layer cosmetic application effect, (5) applying the proposed method to makeup transfer. Compared to previous image‐based makeup transfer methods, the bSX method reproduces the feel of the cosmetics more accurately.
Piecewise linear mapping optimization based on the complex view
Authors: Golla Björn , Seidel Hans‐Peter , Chen Renjie 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWe present an efficient modified Newton iteration for the optimization of nonlinear energies on triangle meshes. Noting that the linear mapping between any pair of triangles is a special case of harmonic mapping, we build upon the results of Chen and Weber [CW17]. Based on the complex view of the linear mapping, we show that the Hessian of the isometric energies has a simple and compact analytic expression. This allows us to analytically project the per‐element Hessians to positive semidefinite matrices for efficient Newton iteration. We show that our method outperforms state‐of‐the‐art methods on 2D deformation and parameterization. Further, we inspect the spectra of the per triangle energy Hessians and show that given an initial mapping, simple global scaling can shift the energy towards a more convex state. This allows Newton iteration to converge faster than starting from the given initial state. Additionally, our formulations support adding an energy smoothness term to the optimization with little additional effort, which improves the mapping results such that concentrated distortions are reduced.
Generative Adversarial Image Super‐Resolution Through Deep Dense Skip Connections
Authors: Zhu Xiaobin , Li Zhuangzi , Zhang Xiaoyu , Li Haisheng , Xue Ziyu , Wang Lei 
Published: October 2018

AbstractRecently, image super‐resolution works based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Generative Adversarial Nets (GANs) have shown promising performance. However, these methods tend to generate blurry and over‐smoothed super‐resolved (SR) images, due to the incomplete loss function and powerless architectures of networks. In this paper, a novel generative adversarial image super‐resolution through deep dense skip connections (GSR‐DDNet), is proposed to solve the above‐mentioned problems. It aims to take advantage of GAN's ability of modeling data distributions, so that GSR‐DDNet can select informative feature representation and model the mapping across the low‐quality and high‐quality images in an adversarial way. The pipeline of the proposed method consists of three main components: 1) The generator of a novel dense skip connection network with the deep structure for learning robust mapping function is proposed to generate SR images from low‐resolution images; 2) The feature extraction network based on VGG‐19 is adopted to capture high frequency feature maps for content loss; and 3) The discriminator with Wasserstein distance is adopted to identify the overall style of SR and ground‐truth images. Experiments conducted on four publicly available datasets demonstrate the superiority against the state‐of‐the‐art methods.
DMAT: Deformable Medial Axis Transform for Animated Mesh Approximation
Authors: Yang Baorong , Yao Junfeng , Guo Xiaohu 
Published: October 2018

AbstractExtracting a faithful and compact representation of an animated surface mesh is an important problem for computer graphics. However, the surface‐based methods have limited approximation power for volume preservation when the animated sequences are extremely simplified. In this paper, we introduce Deformable Medial Axis Transform (DMAT), which is deformable medial mesh composed of a set of animated spheres. Starting from extracting an accurate and compact representation of a static MAT as the template and partitioning the vertices on the input surface as the correspondences for each medial primitive, we present a correspondence‐based approximation method equipped with an As‐Rigid‐As‐Possible (ARAP) deformation energy defined on medial primitives. As a result, our algorithm produces DMAT with consistent connectivity across the whole sequence, accurately approximating the input animated surfaces.
Improved Use of LOP for Curve Skeleton Extraction
Authors: Li Lei , Wang Wencheng 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIt remains a challenge to robustly and rapidly extract high quality curve skeletons from 3D models of closed surfaces, especially when there are nearby surface sheets. In this paper, we address this challenge by improving the use of LOP (Locally Optimal Projection) to adaptively contract medial surfaces of 3D models. LOP was originally designed to optimize a raw scanned point cloud to its corresponding geometry surface. It has the effect of contraction, and the contraction amplitude is controlled by a support radius. Our improvements are twofold. First, we constrain the LOP operator applied in the 2D medial surface instead of in the 3D space and take a local region growing strategy to find neighborhoods for implementing LOP. Thus, we avoid interference between disconnected surface parts and accelerate the process due to the reduced search space. Second, we adaptively adjust the support radii to have different parts of the medial surface contracted adaptively and synchronously for generating connected skeletal curves. In this paper, we demonstrate that our method allows for each part of the medial surface to be contracted symmetrically to its center line and is insensitive to surface noises. Thus, with our method, centered and connected high quality curve skeletons can be extracted robustly and rapidly, even for models with nearby surface sheets. Experimental results highlight the effectiveness and high efficiency of the method, even for noisy and topologically complex models, making it superior to other state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Sit & Relax: Interactive Design of Body‐Supporting Surfaces
Authors: Leimer Kurt , Birsak Michael , Rist Florian , Musialski Przemyslaw 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWe propose a novel method for interactive design of well‐fitting body‐supporting surfaces that is driven by the pressure distribution on the body's surface. Our main contribution is an interactive modeling system that utilizes captured body poses and computes an importance field that is proportional to the pressure distribution on the body for a given pose. This distribution indicates where the body should be supported in order to easily hold a particular pose, which is one of the measures of comfortable sitting. Using our approximation, we propose the entire workflow for interactive design of C2 smooth surfaces which serve as seats, or generally, as body supporting furniture for comfortable sitting. Finally, we also provide a design tool for Rhinoceros/Grasshopper that allows for interactive creation of single designs or entire multi‐person sitting scenarios. We also test the tool with design students and present several results. Our method aims at interactive design in order to help designers to create appropriate surfaces digitally without additional empirical design passes.
Modeling Fonts in Context: Font Prediction on Web Designs
Authors: Zhao Nanxuan , Cao Ying , Lau Rynson W.H. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWeb designers often carefully select fonts to fit the context of a web design to make the design look aesthetically pleasing and effective in communication. However, selecting proper fonts for a web design is a tedious and time‐consuming task, as each font has many properties, such as font face, color, and size, resulting in a very large search space. In this paper, we aim to model fonts in context, by studying a novel and challenging problem of predicting fonts that match a given web design. To this end, we propose a novel, multi‐task deep neural network to jointly predict font face, color and size for each text element on a web design, by considering multi‐scale visual features and semantic tags of the web design. To train our model, we have collected a CTXFont dataset, which consists of 1k professional web designs, with labeled font properties. Experiments show that our model outperforms the baseline methods, achieving promising qualitative and quantitative results on the font selection task. We also demonstrate the usefulness of our method in a font selection task via a user study.
Binocular Tone Mapping with Improved Overall Contrast and Local Details
Authors: Zhang Zhuming , Hu Xinghong , Liu Xueting , Wong Tien‐Tsin 
Published: October 2018

AbstractTone mapping is a commonly used technique that maps the set of colors in high‐dynamic‐range (HDR) images to another set of colors in low‐dynamic‐range (LDR) images, to fit the need for print‐outs, LCD monitors and projectors. Unfortunately, during the compression of dynamic range, the overall contrast and local details generally cannot be preserved simultaneously. Recently, with the increased use of stereoscopic devices, the notion of binocular tone mapping has been proposed in the existing research study. However, the existing research lacks the binocular perception study and is unable to generate the optimal binocular pair that presents the most visual content. In this paper, we propose a novel perception‐based binocular tone mapping method, that can generate an optimal binocular image pair (generating left and right images simultaneously) from an HDR image that presents the most visual content by designing a binocular perception metric. Our method outperforms the existing method in terms of both visual and time performance.
Single‐sided deafness and cochlear implantation in congenital and acquired hearing loss in children
Authors: Ramos Macías Ángel , Borkoski‐Barreiro Silvia A. , Falcón González Juan C. , de Miguel Martínez Isabel , Ramos de Miguel Ángel 
Published: October 2018

ObjectiveTo determine the audiological and clinical results of cochlear implantation in children below the age of 12 years old with congenital and acquired single‐sided deafness.DesignObservational, descriptive, transversal study.Main outcome measuresSpeech reception thresholds, Cortical responses, Auditory Lateralization Test and SSQ questionnaire.ParticipantsChildren < 12 implanted for congenital or acquired SSD.ResultsAll the children with congenital SSD showed positive cortical responses. Positive results were obtained in the Auditory Lateralization Test for the following modalities: 0º, 45º and 90º.With respect to the Speech Test, the children with acquired SSD showed the following results: 92% and 100% in recognition and 48% and 68% (Azimuth modalities), Signal CI side 52% and 68% and Signal normal hearing side 44% ‐ 60% (p < 0.05).In both group the processor was used for 6‐12 hours.With respect to the SSQ questionnaire results, the parents were more satisfied within the post‐operative period than within the pre‐operative period (P<0.001).ConclusionsCochlear implant provides children with congenital SSD with significant audiological and subjective benefits. Children with congenital SSD and implanted after a longer period may not have an important benefit (binaural) although other bilateral effects can be achieved. Children with post‐lingual unilateral deafness and after a short period of hearing deprivation probably integrated the normal acoustic hearing with the cochlear implant electrical signal and showed binaural benefits.
Laryngeal stroboscopy—Normative values for amplitude, open quotient, asymmetry and phase difference in young adults
Authors: Sielska‐Badurek Ewelina M. , Jędra Katarzyna , Sobol Maria , Niemczyk Kazimierz , Osuch‐Wójcikiewicz Ewa 
Published: October 2018

ObjectiveTo provide the normative values for laryngeal stroboscopy (LS) concerning amplitude, open quotient, asymmetry and phase difference in healthy, young subjects.Study designProspective case‐control study.SettingPatients treated at a single institute.MethodsA total of 68 healthy subjects were included in the study (35 women, 33 men), aged 18‐35 years. After obtaining LS recordings, image processing was performed to attain parameters of vocal fold vibration.ResultsIn women, the location of the maximum vibration amplitude is approximately in the 1/3 posterior part of the glottis, while in men, the location is moved to the glottis centre. In males, the relative amplitude vibration of the vocal folds in the 1/3 anterior part of the glottis was significantly higher than in females (P = 0.029). Women showed significantly higher open quotients (OQ) at the posterior part of the glottis than the male subjects (P < 0.001) and men presented significantly higher OQ at the anterior part of the glottis than the females (P < 0.001). The average OQ values for both sexes were almost the same. Females showed significantly higher relative glottal gap area (P = 0.044). Women presented a significantly lower amplitude asymmetry than men (P = 0.002). The weighted absolute left‐right phase difference reached up to 24° and remained insignificantly higher in the men than the women (P = 0.142).ConclusionsThe study provides normative values for LS in young adults for the measurement of therapy outcomes in patients with voice disorders and realisation of evidence‐based medicine. The LS parametrisation is easy to perform in clinical practice.
The Candy Container Competition: Reinforcing Gross Weight, Balance, and Stowage in Intermodal Transportation
Authors: Rossetti Christian L. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTThe described exercise uses competition and the promise of a sugar‐high to motivate students to appreciate the importance load management in an intermodal setting. Using material available from a local supermarket or general merchandise store, student teams load their "container" for two customers. One customer requires palletized square candy, and the second customer requires barrels (Dixie cups) of smaller odd‐shaped candy. Students receive a worksheet that contains the weights of each type of candy in their customer kit packs, the tare weight of the container, and the approximate weight of their cardboard pallets. Students secure the contents of their pallets with shrink‐wrap (household plastic wrap) and ensure that their cargo doesn't shift using dunnage (bubble wrap). Students compete to approach but not exceed the 500‐gram maximum gross weight of their container while meeting two constraints: withstanding a 30° tilt and no more than a 20% weight differential between the ends of the container. A debrief reinforces the importance of our responsibility as supply chain professionals for the safety of transportation and material handling workers. The winning team is awarded extra credit points, and all participants are allowed to eat their customers’ shipments.
Scale‐dependent effects of isolation on seasonal patch colonisation by two Neotropical freshwater fishes
Authors: Penha Jerry , Hakamada Karlo Y. P. , Hines James E. , Nichols James D. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe metapopulation paradigm has been central to improve the conservation and management of natural populations. However, despite the large number of studies on metapopulation dynamics, the overall support for the relationships on which the paradigm is based has not been strong. Here, we studied the occupancy dynamics of two Neotropical fishes (i.e.,Pimelodella gracilisandLeporinus friderici) to investigate two fundamental premises of the metapopulation paradigm, that is, that isolation and area/habitat quality affect colonisation and extinction probabilities in predictable ways. In order to do this, we used a modification of occupancy models that allows modelling the probability of a site's occupancy as a function of the occupancy of its neighbourhood. We found a weak positive effect of neighbourhood occupancy onP. graciliscolonisation, which is consistent with the propagule rain metapopulation, that is, colonists arriving from outside the studied system. However, we found a strong negative neighbourhood effect on extinction probability, suggesting that declining populations from stream sections are rescued from extinction by neighbouring patches. In contrast, the effect of neighbourhood occupancy on the metapopulation dynamics ofL. fridericiwas in the opposite direction, affecting positively colonisation but not affecting extinction rates, which is consistent with the classical metapopulation model. In addition, the occupancy dynamics of both species were affected by water velocity. To our knowledge, this is the first study to link directly dispersal to local population dynamics in Neotropical fishes, and one of the few studies doing inferences on spatial population dynamics based on direct estimates of neighbourhood occupancy.