bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Close relationships and health: The interactive effect of positive and negative aspects
Authors: Ross Kharah M. , Rook Karen , Winczewski Lauren , Collins Nancy , Dunkel Schetter Christine 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMost health research focuses on the independent associations of positive or negative aspects of close relationships with health outcomes. A small but growing literature has begun to examine interactive effects of positive and negative aspects. These interactive effects frequently predict health independently or above‐and‐beyond main effects of either the positive or the negative aspects, suggesting unique relationship processes or emergent features of these close relationship patterns. Our goal in this review is to lay out the existing approaches to studying the interactive effects of positive and negative aspects of close relationships and to review available evidence linking these interactive effects to health outcomes. We conclude by discussing important unresolved issues and highlighting critical directions for future research.
On Matrix‐Clause Intervention in Accusative‐and‐Infinitive Constructions
Authors: Neeleman Ad , Payne Amanda 
Published: May 2019

AbstractOne of the strongest arguments for a raising‐to‐object analysis of English accusative‐and‐infinitive constructions comes from the fact that adverbials and particles belonging to the matrix clause can intervene between the embedded subject and the embedded predicate. We reevaluate this argument in the light of a neglected alternative analysis, namely that matrix‐clause intervention is the result of extraposition of the embedded predicate. We show that this analysis gives a better account of matrix‐clause intervention than raising to object. Our arguments are based on the scopal properties of the embedded subject and on the order among multiple intervening elements. We also consider various mixed analyses that feature both raising to object and extraposition. These turn out to be conceptually awkward and empirically flawed.
Size, composition and distribution of human resource for health in India: new estimates using National Sample Survey and Registry data
Authors: Karan Anup , Negandhi Himanshu , Nair Rajesh , Sharma Anjali , Tiwari Ritika , Zodpey Sanjay 
Published: May 2019

ObjectivesWe provide new estimates on size, composition and distribution of human resource for health in India and compare with the health workers population ratio as recommended by the WHO. We also estimate size of non-health workers engaged in health sector and the size of technically qualified health professionals who are not a part of the health workforce.DesignNationally representative cross-section household survey and review of published documents by the Central Bureau of Health Intelligence.SettingNational.ParticipantsHead of household/key informant in a sample of 101 724 households.InterventionsNot applicable.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome was the number and density of health workers,and the secondary outcome was the percentage of health workers who are technically qualified and the percentage of individuals technically qualified and not in workforce.ResultsThe total size of health workforce estimated from the National Sample Survey (NSS) data is 3.8 million as of January 2016, which is about 1.2 million less than the total number of health professionals registered with different councils and associations. The density of doctors and nurses and midwives per 10 000 population is 20.6 according to the NSS and 26.7 based on the registry data. Health workforce density in rural India and states in eastern India is lower than the WHO minimum threshold of 22.8 per 10 000 population. More than 80% of doctors and 70% of nurses and midwives are employed in the private sector. Approximately 25% of the currently working health professionals do not have the required qualifications as laid down by professional councils, while 20% of adequately qualified doctors are not in the current workforce.ConclusionsDistribution and qualification of health professionals are serious problems in India when compared with the overall size of the health workers. Policy should focus on enhancing the quality of health workers and mainstreaming professionally qualified persons into the health workforce.
Parental occupational exposure to benzene and the risk of childhood and adolescent acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: a population-based study
Authors: Heck Julia E , He Di , Contreras Zuelma Arellano , Ritz Beate , Olsen Jørn , Hansen Johnni 
Published: May 2019

ObjectivesOnly a small number of studies have reported on the association of parental occupational exposure to benzene and risk of childhood and adolescent leukaemias. We examined associations with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) in this population-based study in Denmark.MethodsBenzene was largely banned from Danish workplaces after 1975, thus this case-control study focused on the immediately prior years. Paediatric cancer cases (<age 20) were ascertained from the Danish Cancer Registry among children born 1968–1974, and controls were selected from population records. Paternal occupation within the 3 months preconception and maternal pregnancy occupation were identified from nationwide pension fund records. Blinded, we assigned benzene exposure using a job-exposure matrix that had been developed for the Danish population. Risk for ALL was estimated using conditional logistic regression. In an exploratory analysis, we also examined other cancers with at least five case parents exposed.ResultsWe identified 217 employed case fathers and 169 employed case mothers, of which 22 (10.1%) and 11 (6.5%), respectively, were exposed to benzene (vs 6.7% and 2.9% of control fathers and mothers). Most exposed parents worked as machine or engine mechanics, or in the shoe industry. Maternal occupational exposure to benzene in pregnancy was related to increased risk of ALL in offspring (adjusted OR=2.28, 95% CI 1.17 to 4.41), while paternal preconceptional benzene exposure was not as strongly associated (adjusted OR=1.40, 95% CI 0.88 to 2.22).ConclusionsOur study supports an increased risk for ALL with parental occupational benzene exposure.
Paradoxical arthritis occurring during anti-TNF in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: histological and immunological features of a complex synovitis
Authors: Alivernini Stefano , Pugliese Daniela , Tolusso Barbara , Bui Laura , Petricca Luca , Guidi Luisa , Mirone Luisa , Rapaccini Gian Ludovico , Federico Francesco , Ferraccioli Gianfranco , Armuzzi Alessandro , Gremese Elisa 
Published: May 2019

ObjectiveParadoxical arthritis under tumour necrosis factor inhibitor (TNF-i) for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been described. This study aims to evaluate the histological features of paired synovial tissue (ST) and colonic mucosa (CM) tissue in patients with IBD developing paradoxical arthritis under TNF-i.MethodsPatients with IBD without history of coexisting joint involvement who developed arthritis under TNF-i were enrolled. Each patient underwent ST biopsy and ileocolonoscopy with CM biopsies. ST and CM paired samples were stained through immunohistochemistry (IHC) for CD68, CD21, CD20, CD3 and CD117. Clinical and immunological parameters (anticitrullinated peptides antibodies (ACPA)-immunoglobulin (Ig)M/IgA rheumatoid factor (RF)) were collected. Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and ACPA/IgM-RF/IgA-RF negative rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were enrolled as comparison.Results10 patients with IBD (age 46.0±9.7 years, 13.2±9.9 years of disease duration, 2.5±1.6 years of TNF-i exposure, six with Crohn’s disease and four with ulcerative colitis, respectively) were studied. At ST level, IHC revealed that patients with IBD with paradoxical arthritis showed more similar histological findings in terms of synovial CD68+, CD21+, CD20+, CD3+and CD117+cells compared with PsA than ACPA/IgM-RF/IgA-RF negative RA. Analysing the CM specimens, patients with IBD showed the presence of CD68+, CD3+, CD117+and CD20+cells in 100%, 70%, 60% and 50% of cases, respectively, despite endoscopic remission. Finally, addition of conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and switch to ustekinumab were more effective than swapping into different TNF-i in patients with IBD with paradoxical arthritis.ConclusionPatients with IBD may develop histologically proven synovitis during TNF-i, comparable to PsA. The inhibition of inflammatory pathways alternative to TNF (IL12/1L23) may be an effective therapeutic option for severe paradoxical articular manifestations.
Use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and photogrammetric image analysis to quantify spatial proximity in beef cattle
Authors: Mufford Justin T. , Hill David J. , Flood Nancy J. , Church John S. 
Published: May 2019

Spatial proximity is an important metric in cattle behaviour, which is used to study social structure, dyadic relationships, as well as grazing and maternal behaviours. We developed an efficient, novel, non-invasive method to quantify the spatial proximity of beef cattle by using UAV-based image acquisition and photogrammetric analysis. Orthomosaics constructed by images obtained from UAVs were used to measure, with an accuracy of ±1.96 m (95% likelihood), the inter-individual distances between cows and calves. Aerial videos of the calves and their dams, held in a 5 ha pasture, were made over four days using UAVs. We used two UAVs to video-capture the following: (i) the location of all individuals (UAV flown at 100 m) and (ii) the identity of cow–calf pairs (UAV flown at 15–30 m). Still-images extracted from the UAV-acquired video screenshots were used to produce orthomosaics. The orthomosaics captured all the cows and calves in a single image, from which we measured the distance between related and non-related cow–calf pairs. This UAV-based orthomosaic method clearly showed that members of related pairs were closer than non-related ones, and that the distance was greater in the evening, demonstrating the utility of UAVs to accurately measure cattle spatial proximity.
Electroweak physics at CEPC
Authors: Liang Zhijun 
Published: May 2019

The Circular Electron–Positron Collider (CEPC) project aims to build a Circular Electron–Positron Collider capable of precision physics measurements at center-of-mass energies ranging from 90 GeV to 240 GeV. The CEPC will have a total circumference of at least one hundred kilometers and at least two interaction points. In its 10 years operation at 240 GeV, it will collect more than one million Higgs events. CEPC will also run at the [Formula: see text] pole for two years, producing more than 300 billion [Formula: see text] bosons in two years. It will also collect data around the [Formula: see text] threshold for one year, in order to perform the [Formula: see text] boson mass measurement with high precision. These datasets will boost the precision of electroweak measurements by orders of magnitude. An overview is presented of the potential of CEPC to advance precision studies of electroweak physics with an emphasis on the opportunities in [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] physics.
The Hsp27-Mediated IkBα-NFκB Signaling Axis Promotes Radiation-Induced Lung Fibrosis
Authors: Kim Jee-Youn , Jeon Seulgi , Yoo Young Jo , Jin Hee , Won Hee Yeon , Yoon Kyeonghee , Hwang Eun Sook , Lee Yoon-Jin , Na Younghwa , Cho Jaeho , Lee Yun-Sil 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPurpose:Lung fibrosis is a major side effect experienced by patients after lung cancer radiotherapy. However, effective protection strategies and underlying treatment targets remain unclear. In an effort to improve clinical outcomes, pharmacologic treatment of fibrosis is becoming increasingly popular; however, no ideal therapeutic strategy is yet available.Experimental Design:We used a mouse model to irradiate high focal (90 or 75 Gy) to 3-mm volume of the left lung. Lung tissues of mice were subjected to microarray, mRNA expression, and immunohistochemical analysis. Correlations of radiation (IR)-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were validated in lung cell lines using appropriate treatments to activate or inhibit selected pathways.Results:The expression of Hsp27 was increased during IR-induced lung fibrosis in a mouse model. Inhibition of functional Hsp27 using shRNA and a synthetic small molecule inhibitor (J2) in lung cells alleviated IR-mediated EMT. The activation of NFkB pathways via direct interaction between Hsp27 and IkBα resulted in increased expressions of Twist, IL-1β, and IL-6 and facilitated IR-mediated EMT, which was identified as an underlying mechanism of Hsp27-mediated fibrosis after IR. J2 also inhibited IR-induced lung fibrosis in an orthotopic lung cancer model, and IR-induced lung fibrotic tissues from patients showed higher expression of Hsp27 than unirradiated lungs.Conclusions:Collectively, IkBα-NFkB signaling activation by Hsp27, which resulted in the facilitation of Twist, IL1β, and IL6 expression, is involved in the EMT process that is tightly connected to the development of IR-induced lung fibrosis. Our findings also suggest that inhibition of Hsp27 has the potential to become a valuable therapeutic strategy for IR-induced lung fibrosis.
Associations Between Age at Arterial Switch Operation, Brain Growth, and Development in Infants With Transposition of the Great Arteries
Authors: Lim Jessie Mei , Porayette Prashob , Marini Davide , Chau Vann , Au-Young Stephanie H. , Saini Amandeep , Ly Linh G. , Blaser Susan , Shroff Manohar , Branson Helen M. , Sananes Renee , Hickey Edward J. , Gaynor J. William , Van Arsdell Glen , Miller Steven P. , Seed Mike 
Published: May 2019

Background:
Brain injury, impaired brain growth, and long-term neurodevelopmental problems are common in children with transposition of the great arteries. We sought to identify clinical risk factors for brain injury and poor brain growth in infants with transposition of the great arteries undergoing the arterial switch operation, and to examine their relationship with neurodevelopmental outcome.

Methods:

The brains of 45 infants with transposition of the great arteries undergoing surgical repair were imaged pre- and postoperatively using magnetic resonance imaging. Brain weight
z
scores were calculated based on brain volume and autopsy reference data. Brain injury scores were determined as previously described. Neurodevelopment was assessed at 18 months using the Bayley-III scores of infant development. The relationships between clinical variables, brain injury, perioperative brain growth, and 18-month Bayley-III scores were analyzed.

Results:

On preoperative imaging, moderate or severe white matter injury was present in 10 of 45 patients, whereas stroke was seen in 4 of 45. A similar prevalence of injury was seen on postoperative imaging, and we were unable to identify any clinical risk factors for brain injury. Brain weight
z
scores decreased perioperatively in 35 of 45 patients. The presence of a ventricular septal defect (
P
=0.009) and older age at surgery (
P
=0.007) were associated with impaired perioperative brain growth. When patients were divided into those undergoing surgery during the first 2 weeks of life (32/45) versus those being repaired later (13/45), infants repaired later had significantly worse perioperative brain growth (late repair postoperative brain weight
z
= –1.0±0.90 versus early repair
z
= –0.33±0.64;
P
=0.008). Bayley-III testing scores fell within the normal range for all patients, although age at repair (
P
=0.03) and days of open chest (
P
=0.03) were associated with a lower composite language score, and length of stay was associated with a lower composite cognitive score (
P
=0.02).

Conclusions:
Surgery beyond 2 weeks of age is associated with impaired brain growth and slower language development in infants with transposition of the great arteries cared for at our center. Although the mechanisms underlying this association are still unclear, extended periods of cyanosis and pulmonary overcirculation may adversely impact brain growth and subsequent neurodevelopment.
Two Notes on Xie He’s 謝赫 “Six Criteria” (liufa 六法), Aided by Digital Databases
Authors: Goldin Paul R. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis article uses evidence from digital databases to re-examine two controversial issues regarding the “Six Criteria” (liufa 六法) of painting listed by Xie He 謝赫 (d. after 532) in the preface to his Gu huapin lu 古畫品錄: (1) their syntax and phrasing, and (2) the origin and connotations of qiyun 氣韻, the most famous of the six. Despite recent claims to the contrary, the series of six numbered clauses taking the form “X, Y shi ye 是也” is unremarkable for the language of the time; moreover, the application of the Six Criteria in the subsequent biographies discloses that they are listed in decreasing order of importance. While the meaning and connotations of qiyun are impossible to state succinctly because they vary from one source to another, it is used (like similar phrases, such as yayun 雅韻 and shenyun 神韻) both to praise people’s character and as an aesthetic quality pertaining to music, literature, and art.
Yuan Hong’s 袁宏 Evaluation of the Han-Wei Transition
Authors: Eicher Sebastian 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe early depictions of the transition from the Han 漢 (25-220) to the Wei dynasty 魏 (220-265) are surprisingly diverse. Within a span of less than two hundred years, several historians arrived at different views on the event’s legitimacy and as a result described it in widely varying tones. This is still visible in the dynastic histories: while Chen Shou’s 陳壽 (233-297) Sanguo zhi 三國志 paints the picture of the establishment of a legitimate dynasty, Fan Ye 范曄 (398-446) in his Hou Han shu 後漢書 describes a ruthless overthrow of the Han court by Cao Cao 曹操 (155-220) and his son Cao Pi 曹丕 (187-226).
The Tang Poet in Song Poetics, Song Poetics in the Tang Poet: The Construction of Du Fu’s Image as Verbal Master
Authors: Chen Jue 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe image of Du Fu as a poet who excels at using the most appropriate words in his poetry was, to a large extent, constructed by the poets and critics of the Song dynasty. When reading, transcribing, editing, and commenting on Du Fu’s poetic texts, the Song literati prioritized textual variants in Du Fu’s poetry that could in their opinion better demonstrate Du Fu’s poetic craftsmanship; by doing so, they defined Du Fu as a verbal master who was able to use the finest words in poetic composition. The Song literati’s interest in word usage in Du Fu’s poetry was essentially a projection of their own desire to pursue expressional effect in poetic composition, which drove them to learn from Du Fu.
The Varieties of Ecological Piety
Authors: SZERSZYNSKI Bronislaw 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe idea of nature's sacrality, contrasting starkly with industrial modernity's overwhelmingly instrumental valuation of non-human nature, visibly inform philosophical positions such as deep ecology and Gaia theory. But at a more unspoken level they can also be seen as suffusing a wider societal sensibility, evident not least in popular values regarding nature. But, granted that many people would ascribe such a value to nature, how are such beliefs embodied in their lives? An attention to the theological or cosmological level can only take us so far in understanding the dynamics of culture; we need also to attend to questions of practice, ritual, community and relationship, for it is through such elements that more abstract ideas about humanity's place in the universe are given both support and expression. It is in this spirit of inquiry that this paper proceeds, arguing that religious forms of action and corporateness characteristic of monastic, sectarian, churchly, and folk religiosity have shaped the way that contemporary environmental values are embodied in the practices and experience of everyday life.
In Defence of Earth's Insights
Authors: Callicott J. Baird 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe foregoing criticisms of Earth's Insights notwithstanding: there is an environmental crisis; reconstructed postmodern science provides a privileged discourse, more particularly, an evolutionary-ecological master narrative; in which a globally credible environmental ethic may be grounded; and by comparison with which, in turn, the several local environmental ethics grounded in traditional and indigenous worldviews may be validated.
Reality and Possibility: A Defense of Kant against New Realisms
Authors: Chiurazzi Gaetano 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The movement of New Realism, which in Italy has been launched by Maurizio Ferraris, is conceived explicitly in opposition to Kant. In his defense of the distinction between ontology and epistemology, Ferraris starts from the presupposition that it is Kant himself who is responsible for their confusion because of his transcendental philosophy and its consequent constructionism. In this paper I will defend Kant’s perspective, explaining his reasons (or his concept of reason), even against Meillasoux’s “speculative realism.” The basic idea is that Kant’s transcendental philosophy requires a new philosophical attitude, which implies a shift from reality to possibility as the fundamental philosophical category, since only possibility enables a critical perspective on reality.
ʻSpeaking for Islamʼ and Religious Authority in Zongos in Asante, Ghana
Authors: Pontzen Benedikt 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
In presenting and comparing three different endeavors of ʻspeaking for Islamʼ in the Muslim communities of zongos in Asante, this essay analyzes what renders this act into a felicitous performance. Accordingly, I delineate and discuss the grounds on which one is accorded or denied the authority to make consequential pronouncements on Islamic matters within the discursive tradition of this religion. As I argue, this authority does not solely hinge on one’s erudite Islamic learning and one’s abilities to implement it in one’s rhetoric; it also depends on one’s personal demeanor and reputation in the community. In order to have the actual chance to make consequential pronouncements on Islamic matters, which include religious as well as moral issues, one’s authority has to be accorded by those over whom it is exercised, and can neither be claimed nor enforced as such.
Singing “The Song of Chief Iipumbu”
Authors: Crews Emily D. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This essay addresses “The Song of Chief Iipumbu,” an oral poem performed by a woman named Nekwaya Loide Shikongo in North-Central Namibia in 1953. It argues that “The Song of Chief Iipumbu” acted as an astute analysis of local power relations, employing scornful commentary on a deposed native chief as a cover for subtle but profound criticisms of European colonial institutions to which Shikongo, as a African Christian woman, was subject. Through a brief history of colonialism in Namibia and detailed attention to the linguistic and discursive webs woven by the poem’s author, this essay shows that Shikongo’s censure of oppressive authorities was not an attempt to undermine the networks of power operating in colonial Namibia. Rather, it was an effort to affect acceptance of (or at least resignation to) her subordination in order to achieve the renewal of psychological and social equilibrium.
A Question (Still) Worth Asking about The Religions of Man
Authors: McCutcheon Russell T. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Based on a lecture first presented at the 2017 annual meeting of the American Academy of Religion (AAR), this paper explores the possible reasons for the continued popularity of the work of the late Huston Smith – carried out in what could be characterized as the pre-history of the North American field’s rebirth in public universities throughout the late 1960s and early 1970s. For unlike other works dating from the 1950s, which are now read, if at all, only as primary sources and thus as evidence of an earlier time in the field, his book (originally entitled The Religions of Man [1958]) presents a dated example worth considering, inasmuch as it is, for many, still the preferred classroom resource for training newcomers to the field.