bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of base slab mass and number of rubber layers on base isolation system performance in enhancing building dynamic response
Authors: Abid Mohamed Amine , El Janous Soumaya , El Ghoulbzouri Abdelouafi 
Published: December 2024

Purpose
Traditional designs might not withstand earthquake forces adequately, potentially leading to structural damage. This paper aims to examine the impact of varying the base slab mass and the number of rubber layers in isolators on the performance of isolation systems to improve the seismic performance of buildings.

Design/methodology/approach
The isolated structure is modeled as a two-degree of freedom system, and its corresponding equation of motion is established. Displacement expressions for the base slab and roof are derived using the mode superposition method.

Findings
A base isolation system improves the buildings’ behavior, particularly when higher rubber layer numbers and a heavier base slab are assumed. At an excitation frequency of 8 rad/s, an increase in the rubber layer numbers from 9 to 11 led to a 30% reduction in relative displacement. At an excitation frequency of 6 rad/s, a 40% reduction in relative displacement was observed passing from a base slab mass (mb) of 7.5 tons with damping ratios of 12% and 10% in the first and second modes to a mass (mb) of 30 tons with lower damping ratios of 9.5% and 4.2%.

Originality/value
The high damping ratio in the isolation mode significantly increases the damping ratio of the fixed-base building. However, higher damping ratios in the first and second modes do not necessarily lead to better seismic performance. Besides, an increase in the base slab mass and the number of rubber layers enhances the dynamic response of the isolated structure by shifting its fundamental frequency away from the excitation frequency.
Unraveling the Genetic Basis of Congenital Limb Anomalies in Eight Families
Authors: Khan Inam Ullah , Abdullah  , Khan Hammal , Ali Amjad , Sani Ayesha , Khan Fati Ullah , Ullah Muhammad Tahir , Ahmed Sohail , Liaqat Romana , Haider Awais , Ullah Kifayat , Ullah Naseeb , Khan Muhammad Sajid , Hussain Shabir , Ullah Imran , Ullah Asmat , Anees Mariam , Makitie Outi , Ahmad Wasim 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTLimb abnormalities are the second most frequent birth defects seen in infants, after congenital heart disease. Over the past 150 years, more than 50 classifications for limb malformations based on morphology and osseous anatomy have been presented. The goal of the current study is to investigate the genetic basis of congenital limb abnormalities in the Pakistani population. Eight families, presenting different forms of limb anomalies, including syndactyly, polydactyly, synpolydactyly, and ectrodactyly in an autosomal dominant manner, were genetically and clinically investigated. Whole exome sequencing followed by Sanger sequencing was used to search for the disease‐causing variants. Sequence analysis revealed five novel variants in LMBR1, GJA1, HOXD13, and TP63 and three previously reported variants in GJA1 and HOXD13. This study expanded the mutation spectrum in the identified genes and will also help in improved diagnosis of the limb anomalies in the local population.
Embryonic Lethality, Juvenile Growth Variation, and Adult Sterility Correlate With Phylogenetic Distance of Danionin Hybrids
Authors: Trevena Ryan L. , Veire Benton M. , Chamberlain Trevor J. , Moravec Cara E. , Pelegri Francisco 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTHybrid incompatibility, which plays a pivotal role in speciation, is expected to correlate with greater phylogenetic distance. Here, we investigate the fitness of interspecies hybrids within the Danionin subfamily, which includes the model species, Danio rerio, and its relatives ‐ Danio kyathit, Danio albolineatus, Danio margaritatus, and Devario aequipinnatus. We generated hybrids through in vitro fertilization, using Danio rerio as the maternal species, with normal fertilization rates showing no incompatibilities in sperm‐egg interactions within these two genera. Generally, all hybrids exhibit normal patterns and timelines in early developmental transitions, from cleavage stages to the initiation of epiboly, although inter‐genera Danio‐Devario hybrids subsequently exhibit fully penetrant embryonic lethality. Intra‐genus Danio hybrids, on the other hand, can survive through embryogenesis and into adulthood. However, rates of survival during these stages diminish according to phylogenetic distance, with increasing early lethality in hybrids from more distantly related species. Additionally, Danio hybrids exhibit increased growth rate variability during juvenile stages. All Danio hybrids have reduced testes sizes, sperm counts, and sperm viabilities, with sperm displaying defects in flagellum formation and integrity. Adult male intra‐genus hybrids are invariably sterile, except in the case of Danio rerio hybrids with the closely related Danio kyathit, which produced a backcrossed F2 generation that did not survive juvenile stages. Our studies highlight a loss of hybrid compatibility at various life stages in the Danio and Devario genera, based on deleterious effects and reduced developmental robustness, emphasizing a correlation between the severity of incompatibility outcomes and the degree of phylogenetic relatedness.
Professional Isolation: Impact on Rural Nurses Resuscitation Practices and Experiences
Authors: Riley Katherine , Wilson Valerie , Middleton Rebekkah , Molloy Luke 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAimThe aim of this discussion paper is twofold: (1) To critically examine the challenges related to resuscitations among rural nurses and how these contribute to a sense of professional isolation and (2) To discuss practical solutions and strategies that could be implemented to mitigate the effects of professional isolation.BackgroundProfessional isolation is not unique to rural nursing practice. It is a complex issue often observed in low‐resourced environments that are geographically distant from larger hospitals, such as small rural emergency departments. With a greater research focus placed on the recruitment and retention challenges associated with professional isolation, studies often overlook the intermediary factors contributing to this issue, such as the effect of resuscitations on rural nurses. In addition, there are few studies that have evaluated interventions or strategies to address professional isolation.DesignA critical discussion paper.MethodsThis discussion paper is based on data drawn from current evidence and is guided by the authors research experience as part of a doctoral study.ResultsProfessional isolation negatively affects rural nurses' experiences of resuscitation by creating barriers to skill acquisition and professional growth and reducing career intent in rural areas. Strategies such as leadership training, rural mentorship, debriefing and cognitive aids are possible strategies that could address these challenges.ConclusionsThe trajectory of professional isolation is contingent upon the capacity of rural nurses to have access to professional avenues that enhance connection, sharing of knowledge, skills and experiences. Addressing professional isolation is crucial for the well‐being of rural nurses and the overall sustainability and growth of the rural healthcare workforce.
Leader Humility and Affective Commitment: A Cross‐Sectional Study Among Hospital Nursing Teams
Authors: Mertens Shana , Meyfroodt Kenn , Schollaert Eveline 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAimTo examine in hospitals whether head nurses’ humility impacts nurses’ affective commitment and explore the role of safety, trust and participative communication.DesignA cross‐sectional survey design.MethodsIn 2023, we assessed the perceptions of 536 nurses, nested in 103 wards of 12 hospitals. The data were analysed using multilevel structural equation modelling.ResultsIn line with our conceptual model, head nurses’ humble leadership is positively associated with a psychological safety climate at the ward. Both humble leadership and a psychological safety climate are positively associated with nurses’ trust in the head nurse, which, in turn, is positively associated with nurses’ voice behaviour and their feeling of being heard (i.e., participative communication). Finally, nurses’ feelings of being heard is positively associated with nurses’ affective commitment, while—in contrast to our hypotheses—nurses’ voice behaviour is not.ConclusionThis study highlights the importance of a leadership approach that contrasts with traditional power‐oriented leadership styles. Head nurses in hospitals demonstrating humble leadership behaviours (e.g., appreciating others, acknowledging weaknesses), and fostering a psychologically safe environment, can build trust, encourage open communication and make nurses feel heard. This, in turn, can enhance nurses’ affective commitment to their hospital. Feeling genuinely heard when speaking up is significantly more impactful than merely voicing concerns.Implications for the ProfessionNurses are confronted with increasing work pressure weighing in on their affective commitment. The findings indicate that when head nurses acknowledge their limitations, ask for feedback and empower nurses in their ward, it can help build nurses’ affective commitment through safety, trust and participative communication.Reporting MethodThis study adhered to the cross‐sectional Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines.Patient or Public ContributionNo Patient or Public Contribution.
Schwann Cell‐Mediated M2‐Like Macrophage Polarization in Rhabdomyosarcoma
Authors: Feng Guanying , Guo Yibo , Chen Mingtao , Zhang Yu , Liu Zheqi , Sun Chen , Hu Xin , Lin Chengzhong , Liu Yu , Wu Yue , Wu Hao , Yang Xi , Wang Yang , Ye Jinhai , Liu Jiannan , Wang Xu , Ji Tong , Zhang Chenping 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo investigate the cellular components and immunological characteristics of the head and neck rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) microenvironment.MethodsWe conducted single‐cell transcriptomics to analyze the cellular components of the RMS microenvironment. CellChat was utilized for analyzing intercellular interactions. The cancer genome atlas database was used for validation. CIBERSORT was applied for immune infiltration profiling. Functional enrichment analyses were performed using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. Gene set scores were calculated using single‐sample gene set enrichment analysis. Subcutaneous allograft models and bulk RNA sequencing were used for validation. Flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry were used to identify M2‐like macrophages.ResultsOur findings revealed an extremely low presence of neutrophils in RMS samples compared with normal sample. RMS sample with high Schwann cell infiltration exhibited an increase in M2‐like macrophage infiltration. Receptor‐ligand pairs, specifically MIF‐CD74 and PTN‐SDC3, were identified between Schwann cells and M2‐like macrophages. In the RMS sample characterized by significant Schwann cell infiltration, M2‐like macrophages demonstrate robust expression of axon guidance factors and are enriched in the axon guidance pathway.ConclusionsOur study provides valuable insights into the microenvironment and immunological characteristics of RMS, offering crucial information for further research and potential therapeutic strategies.
Transseptal Sheath Perfused with High Concentration Heparinized Saline for Reducing Sheath‐associated Thrombus
Authors: Xu Juan , Peng Shi , Sun Yuanjun , Nie Zhenning , Zhen Ya , Yin Xiaomeng , Lu Xiaofeng , Liu Yan , Zhang Xiaoyu , Huang Dayang , Guo Shuai , Wei Yong , Zhou Genqing , Xia Yunlong , Li Jun , Liu Shaowen , Chen Songwen 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundTransseptal catheterization is critical for atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation but risks thromboembolism. Transseptal sheaths (TSS) were suggested for continuous heparinized saline solution flush. The safety and effectiveness of a simple TSS management to reduce sheath‐associated thrombus development risk was investigated.MethodsAF patients who underwent radiofrequency ablation with the simple TSS management were studied under a retrospective multi‐center observation study and a prospective single‐center observation study. TSS and dilators were washed and perfused with high concentration heparinized saline (20 u/mL). Immediately after two successful transseptal punctures, activated clotting time ≥300 s was maintained by heparin infusion. TSS aspiration with negative suction and re‐perfusion with high concentration heparinized saline (20 u/mL) was performed for the remaining procedure before and after catheter withdrawal.ResultsA total of 4765 AF patients underwent 5367 ablation procedures were enrolled in the retrospective study, involving 156 (2.9% per procedure) complications. No acute stroke occurred during all the procedures. Perioperative thromboembolic complications occurred in 10 (0.21%) patients and in 10 (0.19%) procedures. Thromboembolic complications occurred within 24 h, between 24–48 h, and after 48 h post‐procedure in six, two, and two patients, respectively. In the prospective observation study, neither sheath‐ nor catheter‐associated thrombus were detected by the intracardiac echocardiography during all 127 procedures, without any perioperative thromboembolic complications. No hemorrhagic cerebrovascular complication was encountered in both observational studies.ConclusionFor AF radiofrequency ablation, it was safe and effective for TSS high concentration heparinized saline infusion only. This approach could avoid sheath‐associated thrombus for interventional procedures.
Mutation Breeding on Medicinal Solanum Species: Advances, Applicability and Challenges
Authors: Pathakakula Srinivasu , Lakshmanan Nalina , Thiruvenkatasamy Saraswathi , Subramaniam Geethanjali , Boopathi Narayanan Manikanda , Kalichamy Chandrakumar 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTMedicinal Solanum species, belonging to the Solanaceae family, are extensively utilized in traditional medicine because of their therapeutic properties, including anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant and anticancer activities. Enhancing these species through the integration of conventional breeding techniques with modern biotechnological tools presents promising strategies for developing improved varieties with higher yields, better quality and reduced thorniness. Induced mutagenesis has emerged as a highly effective approach for improving specific traits in these cultivars while preserving their well‐adapted genetic backgrounds. This review explores various mutagenesis methods, including physical, chemical and insertional methods, highlighting their efficacy in the enhancement of medicinal Solanum species. It also addresses the challenges and potential risks associated with mutation breeding. Recent advancements in sequencing technologies, such as MutMap, MutChromeSeq and whole‐genome sequencing‐based mapping, offer unprecedented opportunities for accurately detecting large‐scale mutagenesis‐induced variations in other solanaceous crops, including tomato, brinjal and chilli. The combination of well‐characterized mutant resources with innovative mapping techniques holds significant potential for rapidly improving the quality and yield of medicinal Solanum species. Overall, this comprehensive analysis provides valuable insights for researchers and practitioners involved in the cultivation and enhancement of medicinal Solanum species through mutation breeding techniques.
Where is
Delftia
? Implementing citizen science into the biotechnology and environmental science curriculum
Authors: Spence Porché L. , Goller Carlos , Riley Noah , Norman Daiza , Leggett Zakiya 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

The
Delftia acidovorans
citizen science project integrates participatory science and community engagement into three courses (ES100—Introduction to Environmental Science, BIOL2700—Environmental Problems, and BIT479/579—High-Throughput Discovery course). Undergraduate students enrolled in ES100 and BIOL2700 collected samples from various locations as part of a class assignment. Students in the BIT479/579 course analyzed the samples using automation and high-throughput molecular biology approaches to reveal the genetic diversity in a portion of a key gene (“gold gene”) needed to produce the peptide delftibactin with gold detoxification properties. The project emphasizes the abundance of microbes such as
Delftia acidovorans
with potentially useful genes. The ES100 and BIOL2700 students were assessed using a pre- and post-survey and
Delftia
assignment. This study describes an approach to actively engage undergraduate students in interdisciplinary explorations of public science, further explores the presence and genetic diversity of a key delftibactin gene of
Delftia acidovorans
, and seeks to understand the environments in which
Delftia acidovorans
reside while contributing to the discovery of new knowledge.
An Intricated pas de deux of Addicted Brain and Body Is Orchestrated by Stress and Neuroplasticity
Authors: Gulyaeva Natalia V. , Peregud Danil I. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Dependence on psychoactive substances is a phenomenon that is based on the alterations of common molecular and cellular mechanisms, structures and neuronal networks underlying normal brain functioning and realizing stress response, reinforcement and aversion, learning and memory. As a result, aberrant neuroplasticity states associated with somatic changes are formed, which determine the pathogenesis and symptoms of dependence and at the same time can be considered as targets for the development of therapies for such addictions. An integrative scheme of stress and neuroplastic changes participation in the formation of the vicious circle of substance use disorders based on a holistic approach is presented. This special issue of the journal focuses on the molecular mechanisms of psychoactive substance use disorders.
Contribution of Visceral Systems to the Development of Substance Use Disorders: Translational Aspects of Interaction between Central and Peripheral Mechanisms
Authors: Peregud Danil I. , Gulyaeva Natalia V. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Substance use disorders are associated with structural and functional changes in the neuroendocrine, neuromediator, and neuromodulator systems in brain areas involved in the reward and stress response circuits. Chronic intoxication provokes emergence of somatic diseases and aggravates existing pathologies. Substance use disorders and somatic diseases often exacerbate the clinical courses of each other. Elucidation of biochemical pathways common for comorbidities may serve as a basis for the development of new effective pharmacotherapy agents, as well as drug repurposing. Here, we discussed molecular mechanisms underlying integration of visceral systems into the central mechanisms of drug dependence.
Alcohol-Induced Activation of Chemokine System and Neuroinflammation Development
Authors: Mikhalitskaya Ekaterina V. , Vyalova Natalya M. , Bokhan Nikolay A. , Ivanova Svetlana A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Chemokines are immunoregulatory proteins with pleiotropic functions involved in neuromodulation, neurogenesis, and neurotransmission. The way chemokines affect the CNS plays an important role in modulating various conditions that could have negative impact on CNS functions, including development of alcohol use disorders. In this review, we analyzed the literature data available on the problem of chemokine participation in pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and remission of alcohol use disorders both in animal models and in the study of patients with alcoholism. The presented information confirms the hypothesis that the alcohol-induced chemokine production could modulate chronic neuroinflammation. Thus, the data summarized and shown in this review are focused on the relevant direction of research in the field of psychiatry, which is in demand by both scientists and clinical specialists.
The Practice of Managed Visibility: Insights into China’s Frontline Diplomacy from Two European Capitals
Authors: Schnitzer-Skjønsberg Astrid 
Published: December 2024

Summary
The People’s Republic of China has the world’s largest diplomatic network with a total of 274 missions. Yet little is known about how Chinese diplomats engage in bilateral diplomatic communities. The often-alleged reserve of Chinese diplomats towards their diplomatic peers is particularly curious. This article adds two case studies to our understanding of China’s frontline diplomacy. Based on semi-structured interviews and observation, the article explores in-person interactions between Chinese and foreign diplomats in two European capitals. It finds remarkably different degrees of social engagement in Ankara and Oslo. I therefore propose the term ‘managed visibility’ as a carefully implemented practice driven by contextual bilateral factors. My findings suggest that (i) the diplomatic repertoire of Chinese diplomats is larger and more adaptive than generally assumed; (ii) the practices of Chinese diplomats profoundly influence foreign diplomats’ perceptions of China; and (iii) sociable interactions among diplomats are becoming increasingly securitized.
A Difficult Path, but the One We Must Take Together: Forming International Norms through Historical Dialogue between Korea and Japan
Authors: Lee Seokwoo 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper discusses the importance of historical dialogue between Korea and Japan in the context of international law. The author emphasizes the complex relationship between Korea and Japan, rooted in historical issues such as Japan’s colonization of Korea. He highlights the importance of international law in shaping diplomacy and managing bilateral relations, especially for countries like South Korea.
The paper also explores Japan’s approach to international law, which has been influenced by its imperialistic past and its position as a “latecomer” among imperialist countries. The author argues that Japan’s current practice of international law often adheres to minimum standards of legality without fully reflecting moral considerations.
A key point in the paper is the question of whether an “Asian international law” exists and whether Korea and Japan should support such a concept. The author suggests that instead of focusing on a distinct Asian international law, both countries should work towards establishing universal international norms that go beyond Asia.
The paper emphasizes the importance of historical dialogue between Korea and Japan, comparing it to similar efforts between European countries. While acknowledging the difficulties in this process, the author expresses hope for narrowing gaps and building consensus through continued dialogue.
In conclusion, the author argues that resuming and continuing the historical dialogue between Korea and Japan is crucial for both countries to play a leading role in forming future-oriented international norms. This path is described as difficult but necessary for both nations to move forward together in the international community.
China
Authors: Chang Yen-Chiang , Sun Jie 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
South Korea, a key player in the construction of the global international legal system, with the aim to be a “global hub contributing to freedom, peace, and prosperity”, has always been an active participant in the international legal system. Using “rule of law” as a key concept, across various fields, including economics, environment, and human rights, South Korea has actively engaged in international exchanges, participating in discussions on international standards, implementing international legal norms, and continuously strengthening the alignment of its domestic laws with international law. Emphasizing cooperation, South Korea seeks diverse partnerships with States and international organizations, fostering pragmatic collaborations to promote global freedom, peace, and prosperity. With a focus on synergy, South Korea also prioritizes building its international legal capacity and enhancing the training of domestic legal professionals, thereby creating a robust talent pool for the advancement of international law.