bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toxic leadership: emotional distress and coping strategy
Authors: Bhandarker Asha , Rai Snigdha 
Published: January 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to elucidate the distressing impact of toxic leadership on the mental state of the subordinates and examine the unique coping mechanisms used by them to deal with such leaders. The paper also examined the relationship between psychological distress and coping strategy used by subordinates to deal with the toxic leader.Design/methodology/approachThis study presents a validity testing of two scales. The first scale was designed to measure experienced psychological distress emanating from exposure to toxic leaders, and the second scale aims to assess the coping strategies utilized by subordinates to deal with the toxic leaders. Data were collected from 570 employees working in public as well as private organizations in India.FindingsThe results of this paper supported the theorized two three-dimensional tools to measure: psychological distress (loss of self-worth, withdrawal and agitated) and coping strategies to deal with toxic leaders (assertive coping, avoidance coping and adaptive coping). Reliability estimates and construct validity of both the tools were established. The results also suggest that the loss of self-worth was negatively related with assertive coping, avoidance coping and adaptive coping. However, withdrawal was positively related with assertive coping and avoidance coping. Finally, agitation was positively related with avoidance and adaptive coping.Originality/valueTo the authors’ knowledge, this is one of the rare studies to examine together the phenomenon of both psychological distress experienced by subordinates and the coping strategies utilized by them to deal with toxic leaders.
Test of the job demand resources model in Thailand
Authors: Kunte Manjiri , Rungruang Parisa 
Published: January 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to test the hypothesized relationships between job demands, job resources and personal resources toward work engagement, by utilizing a cross section of Thai employees.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, a group of employees (n=416) responded to a set of self-report surveys on job demands, job resources, personal resources and work engagement.FindingsThe results of the hierarchical regression analysis supported the relationships between job demands (i.e. workload and role conflict), job resources, personal resources (self-efficacy) and work engagement. In addition, the results supported the role of (positive) self-esteem as moderator in the role ambiguity and work engagement relationship, and the role of self-efficacy in buffering the effect of role conflict and workload on work engagement. The final model explained 43 percent of the variance in the dependent variable.Research limitations/implicationsThis study will help managers in understanding employee expectations and providing appropriate feedback. Devising effective jobs, which lead to perceptions of meaningfulness, safety and availability leading to improved engagement.Originality/valueThis is the first study employing the job demands resources model in a cross-sectional study in Thailand.
Assessment of Lean Six Sigma Readiness (LESIRE) for manufacturing industries using fuzzy logic
Authors: Sreedharan V. Raja , Raju R. , Sunder M. Vijaya , Antony Jiju 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
Many organizations have reported significant benefits after the implementation of Lean Six Sigma (LSS). Embracing LSS requires asking some important questions: How Lean Six Sigma Readiness (LESIRE) can be measured? How can an organization identify the barriers for LESIRE? Answers to these questions are critical to both academicians and practitioners. The paper aims to discuss this issue.

Design/methodology/approach
This study illustrates the development process of a Lean Six Sigma Readiness (LESIRE) evaluation model to assess an organization’s readiness for LSS deployment using the fuzzy approach. The model was developed from 4 enablers, 16 criteria and 46 attributes of LSS, identified through a literature review.

Findings
To demonstrate the efficiency of the model, this study testing the LESIRE evaluation model in three Indian SMEs. Using experts’ ratings and weight, the researchers calculated the Fuzzy Lean Six Sigma index (FLSS) which indicates the LESIRE level of an organization and the Fuzzy Performance Importance Index (FPII) that helps to identify the barriers for LESIRE.

Research limitations/implications
The main limitations of this study are that it did not consider the failure factors of LSS for model development and the LESIRE was only tested in manufacturing industries. Thus, future researchers could focus on developing a model with failure factors. The results obtained from the SMEs show that LESIRE is capable of assessing LESIRE in an industrial scenario and helps practitioners to measure LESIRE for the future decision making process.

Practical implications
The LESIRE model is easy to understand and use without much computation complexity. This simplicity makes the LESIRE evaluation model unique from other LSS models. Further, LESIRE was tested in three different SMEs, and it aided them to identify and improve their weak areas, thereby readying them for LSS deployment.

Originality/value
The main contribution of this study it proposes a LESIRE model that evaluates the organization for FLSS and FPII for LESIRE, which is essential for the organization embarking on an LSS journey. Further, it improves the readiness of the organization that is already practicing LSS.
Bayesian networks for statistical process control with attribute data
Authors: Cobb Barry , Li Linda 
Published: January 2019

PurposeBayesian networks (BNs) are implemented for monitoring a process via statistical process control (SPC) where attribute data are available on output from the system. The paper aims to discuss this issue.Design/methodology/approachThe BN provides a graphical and numerical tool to help a manager understand the effect of sample observations on the probability that the process is out-of-control and requires investigation. The parameters for the BN SPC model are statistically designed to minimize the out-of-control average run length (ARL) of the process at a specified in-control ARL and sample size.FindingsThe BN model outperforms adaptivenpcontrol charts in all experiments, except for some cases where only a large change in the proportion of sample defects is relevant. The BN is particularly useful when small sample sizes are available and when managers need to detect small changes in the proportion of defects produced by the process.Research limitations/implicationsThe BN model is statistically designed and parameters are chosen to minimize out-of-control ARL. Future advancements will address the economic design of BNs for SPC with attribute data.Originality/valueThe BNs allow qualitative knowledge to be combined with sample data, and the average percentage of defects can be modeled as a continuous random variable. The framework of the BN easily permits classification of the system operation into two or more states, so diagnostic analysis can be performed simultaneously with statistical inference.
Antecedents of indebtedness for low-income consumers: the mediating role of materialism
Authors: Matos Celso Augusto de , Vieira Valter , Bonfanti Katia , Mette Frederike Monika Budiner 
Published: January 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this is to propose a model in which materialism is a mediator of the effects of self-esteem, impulsiveness, attitude toward debt, attitude toward credit card and economic vulnerability on consumer indebtedness. The effects of financial knowledge, financial ability, credit card use and demographic variables are also taken into account.Design/methodology/approachSurvey data from a sample of 1,245 low-income consumers from Brazil were used to test the hypotheses using structural equation modeling.FindingsFirst, materialism has a significant effect on consumer indebtedness; at the same time, it is influenced by self-esteem, impulsiveness and attitude toward debt. Second, materialism acts as a mediator, e.g. higher impulsiveness triggers materialism, which influences debt level. Third, indebtedness is higher for women and those who use a higher number of credit cards and are more educated.Social implicationsFinancial education programs should work to increase individual’s perceived ability to manage money, as the individuals who feel less able to manage their personal finances alone (i.e. lower financial ability) presented higher indebtedness.Originality/valueThis study investigates consumer indebtedness by addressing factors that have been analyzed independently in the literature. The research combines psychological, financial and economic factors with credit card use and demographic variables to explain consumer indebtedness. Moreover, the study supports the mediating role of materialism for the antecedents of consumer indebtedness, e.g. impulsiveness and attitude toward debt.
Managing resource dependencies in electric vehicle supply chains: a multi-tier case study
Authors: Kalaitzi Dimitra , Matopoulos Aristides , Clegg Ben 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate dependencies that arise between companies during the ramp-up of production volume in the electric vehicle (EV) supply chain.

Design/methodology/approach
An inter-company case study method has been used. Data were collected via tours of manufacturing plants, workshops and interviews from multiple tiers in a supply chain, namely, a niche EV manufacturer, as well as two of its tier-one suppliers and five of its tier-two suppliers.

Findings
As production volumes increased, a more relational approach was found to be necessary in inter-company relationships. The authors’ research showed that key suppliers, in addition to providing the parts, pursued a supply chain orchestrator’s role by offering direct support and guidance to the niche EV manufacturer in designing and executing its development plans.

Research limitations/implications
The resource dependence theory (RDT) is used to analyse and explain the changing dependencies throughout the planning and execution of production ramp-up.

Practical implications
This study will help supply chain managers to better manage resource dependencies during production ramp-up.

Originality/value
This study explores dependencies during the early stages of the production ramp-up process in the EV sector, which is in itself in the early stages of evolution. RDT is used for the first time in this context. This study has moved beyond a simple dyadic context, by providing empirical insights into the actions taken by an EV manufacturer and its suppliers, towards a multi-tier supply chain context, to better manage resource dependencies.
Quantifying niche availability, niche overlap and competition for recruitment sites in plant populations without explicit knowledge of niche axes
Authors: Wandrag Elizabeth M. , Catford Jane A. , Duncan Richard P. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Niche availability, niche overlap and competitive ability are key determinants of the distribution and abundance of species. However, quantifying each of these components is difficult because it is not always possible to identify or measure relevant environmental gradients (niche axes) along which species might partition or compete for niche space.

We describe a method that uses seed addition experiments to quantify the number of ‘safe‐sites’ (microsites suitable for a species to recruit from seed) at a location and show how this method can be used to quantify niche availability, niche overlap and competitive ability. We illustrate our approach using two seed addition experiments in grassland.

In the first experiment, we added seeds of one native and two exotic grass species, alone and in mixture, to plots that were arrayed along a gradient of soil moisture availability. We show that the three species partitioned safe‐sites, implying that all three species could locally co‐occur through niche partitioning, in part due to different responses to moisture availability.

In the second experiment, we added seeds of three commonly co‐occurring native grass species, alone and in mixture, to plots with no obvious environmental gradients. One species out‐competed two others for site occupancy, allowing us to quantify both the degree of niche overlap and the relative ability of each species to compete for safe‐site occupancy without a priori knowledge of the niche axes. Results from both experiments demonstrate the fine‐scales at which species can partition niches to facilitate co‐occurrence.

Synthesis. By conceptualising a plot of ground as containing a limited number of microsites that are safe for the recruitment of a given species, and using seed addition experiments to measure both the number of safe‐sites and degree of safe‐site overlap among species, we show how niche availability, niche overlap and competitive ability can be quantified at fine‐scales without a priori knowledge of niche axes. Our approach allows questions about niche availability and competition for shared niche space to be empirically tested, and to examine how these processes vary along environmental gradients to shape species distributions and patterns of co‐occurrence.
Women receiving massive transfusion due to postpartum hemorrhage: A comparison over time between two nationwide cohort studies
Authors: Ramler Paul I. , van den Akker Thomas , Henriquez Dacia D. C. A. , Zwart Joost J. , van Roosmalen Jos , van Lith Jan M. M. , van der Bom Johanna G. ,   the TeMpOH‐1 study group
Published: January 2019

AbstractIntroductionIncidence of massive transfusion after birth was high in the Netherlands between 2004 and 2006 compared with other high‐income countries. This study investigated incidence, causes, management and outcome of women receiving massive transfusion due to postpartum hemorrhage in the Netherlands in more recent years.Material and methodsData for all pregnant women who received eight or more units of packed red blood cells from a gestational age of 20 weeks and within the first 24 hours after childbirth, during 2011 and 2012, were obtained from a nationwide retrospective cohort study, including 61 hospitals with a maternity unit in the Netherlands.ResultsIncidence of massive transfusion due to postpartum hemorrhage decreased to 65 per 100 000 births (95% CI 56‐75) between 2011 and 2012, from 91 per 100 000 births (95% CI 81‐101) between 2004 and 2006, while median blood loss increased from 4500 mL (interquartile range 3250‐6000) to 6000 mL (interquartile range 4500‐8000). Uterine atony remained the leading cause of hemorrhage. Thirty percent (53/176) underwent peripartum hysterectomy between 2011 and 2012, compared with 25% (83/327) between 2004 and 2006. Case fatality rate for women who received massive transfusion due to postpartum hemorrhage was 2.3% (4/176) between 2011 and 2012, compared with 0.9% (3/327) between 2004 and 2006.ConclusionsThe incidence of postpartum hemorrhage with massive transfusion decreased in the Netherlands between both time frames, but remained an important cause of maternal mortality and morbidity, including peripartum hysterectomy. National surveillance of maternal morbidity and mortality due to postpartum hemorrhage through an improved and continuous registration with confidential enquiries may lead to the identification of clear improvements of maternal care.
Adjusting the focus: A public health ethics approach to data research
Authors: Ballantyne Angela 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis paper contends that a research ethics approach to the regulation of health data research is unhelpful in the era of population‐level research and big data because it results in a primary focus on consent (meta‐, broad, dynamic and/or specific consent). Two recent guidelines – the 2016 WMA Declaration of Taipei on ethical considerations regarding health databases and biobanks and the revised CIOMS International ethical guidelines for health‐related research involving humans – both focus on the growing reliance on health data for research. But as research ethics documents, they remain (to varying degrees) focused on consent and individual control of data use. Many current and future uses of health data make individual consent impractical, if not impossible. Many of the risks of secondary data use apply to communities and stakeholders rather than individual data subjects. Shifting from a research ethics perspective to a public health lens brings a different set of issues into view: how are the benefits and burdens of data use distributed, how can data research empower communities, who has legitimate decision‐making capacity? I propose that a public health ethics framework – based on public benefit, proportionality, equity, trust and accountability – provides more appropriate tools for assessing the ethical uses of health data. The main advantage of a public health approach for data research is that it is more likely to foster debate about power, justice and equity and to highlight the complexity of deciding when data use is in the public interest.
A Statistical Method for Joint Estimation of Cis-eQTLs and Parent-of-Origin Effects Under Family Trio Design
Authors: Zhabotynsky Vasyl , Inoue Kaoru , Magnuson Terry , Mauro Calabrese J. , Sun Wei 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
RNA sequencing allows one to study allelic imbalance of gene expression, which may be due to genetic factors or genomic imprinting (i.e., higher expression of maternal or paternal allele). It is desirable to model both genetic and parent-of-origin effects simultaneously to avoid confounding and to improve the power to detect either effect. In studies of genetically tractable model organisms, separation of genetic and parent-of-origin effects can be achieved by studying reciprocal cross of two inbred strains. In contrast, this task is much more challenging in outbred populations such as humans. To address this challenge, we propose a new framework to combine experimental strategies and novel statistical methods. Specifically, we propose to study genetic and imprinting effects in family trios with RNA-seq data from the children and genotype data from both parents and children, and quantify genetic effects by cis-eQTLs. Towards this end, we have extended our method that studies the eQTLs of RNA-seq data (Sun, Biometrics 2012, 68(1): 1–11) to model both cis-eQTL and parent-of-origin effects, and evaluated its performance using extensive simulations. Since sample size may be limited in family trios, we have developed a data analysis pipeline that borrows information from external data of unrelated individuals for cis-eQTL mapping. We have also collected RNA-seq data from the children of 30 family trios, applied our method to analyze this dataset, and identified some previously reported imprinted genes as well as some new candidates of imprinted genes.
A Sensitivity Analysis Approach for Informative Dropout Using Shared Parameter Models
Authors: Su Li , Li Qiuju , Barrett Jessica K. , Daniels Michael J. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Shared parameter models (SPMs) are a useful approach to addressing bias from informative dropout in longitudinal studies. In SPMs it is typically assumed that the longitudinal outcome process and the dropout time are independent, given random effects and observed covariates. However, this conditional independence assumption is unverifiable. Currently, sensitivity analysis strategies for this unverifiable assumption of SPMs are underdeveloped. In principle, parameters that can and cannot be identified by the observed data should be clearly separated in sensitivity analyses, and sensitivity parameters should not influence the model fit to the observed data. For SPMs this is difficult because it is not clear how to separate the observed data likelihood from the distribution of the missing data given the observed data (i.e., ‘extrapolation distribution’). In this article, we propose a new approach for transparent sensitivity analyses for informative dropout that separates the observed data likelihood and the extrapolation distribution, using a typical SPM as a working model for the complete data generating mechanism. For this model, the default extrapolation distribution is a skew-normal distribution (i.e., it is available in a closed form). We propose anchoring the sensitivity analysis on the default extrapolation distribution under the specified SPM and calibrate the sensitivity parameters using the observed data for subjects who drop out. The proposed approach is used to address informative dropout in the HIV Epidemiology Research Study.
Chemotherapy regimen is associated with venous thromboembolism risk in patients with urothelial tract cancer
Authors: Ramos Jorge D. , Holt Sarah K. , Schade George R. , Galsky Matthew D. , Wright Jonathan L. , Gore John L. , Yu Evan Y. 
Published: January 2019

ObjectiveTo assess the association of venous thromboembolism (VTE) with different chemotherapy regimens in patients with urothelial tract cancer.Patients and MethodsWe identified patients aged ≥66 years, diagnosed with urothelial tract cancer in the period 1998 to 2011 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Medicare‐linked database. The chemotherapy regimens analysed were gemcitabine/cisplatin (GC), methotrexate/vinblastine/doxorubicin/cisplatin (MVAC), or gemcitabine/carboplatin (CarboG). Propensity scores for treatment regimen based on comorbidities, tumour characteristics, age, and year of diagnosis were calculated. VTE rates within 120 days of chemotherapy initiation were calculated. VTE risk stratified by chemotherapy regimen was modelled using multivariable logistic regression, adjusting for treatment propensity scores and additional demographic characteristics. Overall survival stratified by VTE and chemotherapy regimen was estimated using Kaplan–Meier methods and the log‐rank test.ResultsOf 5594 identified patients, a VTE occurred in 13.0%. The VTE rates within 120 days of chemotherapy initiation were 15.3% for GC, 8.7% for MVAC, and 12.0% for CarboG. On multivariable analysis, MVAC (odds ratio [OR] 0.60, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.39–0.94) and CarboG (OR 0.71, 95% CI: 0.59–0.85) were associated with lower VTE risk compared with GC. VTE was associated with worse overall survival (P < 0.001).ConclusionsCompared with GC, MVAC and CarboG were associated with a lower rate of VTE. This finding suggests that gemcitabine may add to the increased thrombosis risk from cisplatin. Additionally, patients with a VTE had worse survival outcomes than those without a VTE. Analysis of the risk of blood clots with different chemotherapy regimens in patients with urothelial tract cancer showed that GC was associated with the highest rate. We also found that blood clots were associated with worse patient outcomes.