bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hot Subdwarf Stars Observed in Gaia DR2 and LAMOST DR5
Authors: Luo Yangping , Németh Péter , Deng Licai , Han Zhanwen 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Combing Gaia DR2 with LAMOST DR5, we spectroscopically identified 924 hot subdwarf stars, among which 32 stars exhibit strong double-lined composite spectra. We measured the effective temperature T
eff, surface gravity

, helium abundance y = nHe/nH, and radial velocities (RVs) of 892 non-composite spectra hot subdwarf stars by fitting LAMOST observations with Tlusty/Synspec non-LTE synthetic spectra. We outlined four different groups in the

diagram with our helium abundance classification scheme and two nearly parallel sequences in the

diagram. 3D Galactic space motions and orbits of 747 hot subdwarf stars with (G
BP − G
RP)0 < −0.36 mag were computed using LAMOST RVs and Gaia parallaxes and proper motions. Based on the U − V velocity diagram, J

z
−eccentricity diagram, and Galactic orbits, we derived Galactic population classifications and the fractional distributions of the four hot subdwarf helium groups in the halo, thin disk, and thick disk. Comparisons with the predictions of binary population synthesis calculations suggest that He-rich hot subdwarf stars with

are from the double helium white dwarfs (HeWDs) merger, He-deficient hot subdwarf stars with

from the common envelope ejection, and He-deficient hot subdwarf stars with

from the stable Roche lobe overflow channels. The relative number of He-rich hot subdwarf stars with

and

in the halo is more than twice the prediction of Zhang et al. by more than six times in the thin disk, which implies that the mergers of HeWDs with low-mass main-sequence stars may not be the main formation channel for He-rich hot subdwarf stars with

, especially in younger environments.
How to Find Variable Active Galactic Nuclei with Machine Learning
Authors: Faisst Andreas L. , Prakash Abhishek , Capak Peter L. , Lee Bomee 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Machine-learning (ML) algorithms will play a crucial role in studying the large data sets delivered by new facilities over the next decade and beyond. Here, we investigate the capabilities and limits of such methods in finding galaxies with brightness-variable active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Specifically, we focus on an unsupervised method based on self-organizing maps (SOM) that we apply to a set of nonparametric variability estimators. This technique allows us to maintain domain knowledge and systematics control while using all the advantages of ML. Using simulated light curves that match the noise properties of observations, we verify the potential of this algorithm in identifying variable light curves. We then apply our method to a sample of ∼8300 WISE color-selected AGN candidates in Stripe 82, in which we have identified variable light curves by visual inspection. We find that with ML we can identify these variable classified AGN with a purity of 86% and a completeness of 66%, a performance that is comparable to that of more commonly used supervised deep-learning neural networks. The advantage of the SOM framework is that it enables not only a robust identification of variable light curves in a given data set, but it is also a tool to investigate correlations between physical parameters in multidimensional space—such as the link between AGN variability and the properties of their host galaxies. Finally, we note that our method can be applied to any time-sampled light curve (e.g., supernovae, exoplanets, pulsars, and other transient events).
Exploring the convergence between international accreditation strategy and ethics, corporate social responsibility & sustainability commitment. A case study from a French business school
Authors: Bruna Maria Giuseppina , Smith Jamie , Ben Lahouel Béchir 
Published: August 2019

Cet article se propose d’étudier les dynamiques de convergence entre les stratégies d’accréditation internationale des Business Schools (induites par les pressions institutionnelles), d’une part et les démarches engagées par les Grandes Ecoles en matière d’Ethique, de Responsabilité Sociétale et de Développement Durable (ERD), d’autre part. En mobilisant la théorie de la légitimité suchmanienne au moyen de ses trois dynamiques (i.e. morale, pragmatique et cognitive), cette recherche explore la manière dont les normes d’accréditation et les politiques ERD s’influencent mutuellement. Pour ce faire, elle adopte deux perspectives : téléologique et axiologique. Fondé sur un cas d’étude, le présent article propose, en outre, une illustration empirique du chevauchement, de l’enchâssement et de l’entrecroisement entre les stratégies d’accréditation et les politiques ERD d’une Grande Ecole française. Il présente, in fine, un agenda de recherche et propose un modèle théorique, enrichi par des tableaux de bord opérationnels, pour piloter, accompagner et évaluer le rôle de l’ERD dans les accréditations internationales des Ecoles de commerce.
Leadership existentialiste sartrien revisité : pour une approche originale
Authors: Cherré Benoît , Lemieux Nathalie 
Published: August 2019

Le leadership au fil des années a adopté plusieurs formes et appellations. Autocratique, démocratique, charismatique, transformationnel et transactionnel en sont quelques exemples. Plus récemment, le leadership authentique a gagné en reconnaissance auprès des chercheurs, des consultants et des praticiens. En contrepartie, de nombreuses réflexions de la part de certains chercheurs remettent en question le sens profond du leadership authentique. Cet article s’inscrit dans ce débat qui met au défi l’hypothèse de base du vrai soi où les leaders sont invités à être authentiques, réels et vrais avec eux-mêmes. Dans cet article le concept d’authenticité en leadership est abordé à partir des théories existentialistes et plus particulièrement la perspective existentialiste sartrienne. L’intention est de donner une idée plus approfondie de la façon dont les idées et les principes existentialistes peuvent être utilisés pour revigorer et réorienter la recherche sur le leadership. Nous proposons ainsi une compréhension originale de la vision de Sartre sur les notions de liberté, d’authenticité et de bienveillance. Pour Sartre (1943), la réalité humaine prend la forme de prise de conscience de sa liberté et une manière d’être. Cette liberté est la manifestation d’une conscience qui se projette dans le futur. Ce projet d’existence a pour but de surmonter l’ambiguïté ou l’angoisse de notre état face à une situation. C’est en assumant notre liberté et ses responsabilités associées que nous nous pro-jettons dans un avenir qui fait du sens à notre existence et qui déterminera nos actions et nos décisions, et ce en fonction de nos valeurs (Sartre, 1943 et 1946). Nous transposons ces concepts sur la notion de leadership et proposons – à la suite d’autres travaux – une approche de leadership de type sartrien où éthique, projet, authenticité, liberté et bienveillance en sont les composantes. Un schéma intégrateur de notre conception du leadership existentialiste est alors proposé ; conception qui se bâtit également autour de l’interprétation de notre passé, mais surtout de notre interprétation de notre futur.
Entrepreneuriat inclusif et handicap : une exploration critique de la littérature internationale
Authors: Csanyi-Virag Veronique 
Published: August 2019

La démarche inclusive préconise de nouvelles approches et postures tant au niveau sociétal qu’organisationnel pour permettre un meilleur management de la diversité. Une littérature française et anglo-saxonne a commencé à définir les contours du paradigme de l’inclusion et du management inclusif mais peu de travaux ont tenté à ce jour de réunir la notion d’entrepreneuriat et d’inclusion. En effet, comme nous avons pu le constater dans les articles anglo-saxons notamment, l’inclusion a été étudiée sous l’angle des pratiques au sein des organisations et non sous l’angle de l’entrepreneurship, du dirigeant entrepreneur développant des actions entrepreneuriales inclusives. L’inclusion représente un véritable défi organisationnel dans la continuité de la mise en œuvre des politiques de diversité. Les recherches consacrées au management de la diversité et à l’inclusion posent les difficultés liées aux pratiques et à l’opérationnalisation dans l’entreprise révélant ainsi les enjeux organisationnels et sociétaux sous-jacents. Notre recherche vise à démontrer, à partir du contexte spécifique du handicap, en quoi il devient indispensable de réinterroger et de repenser les pratiques courantes de l’entrepreneuriat. Nous poserons ce questionnement à travers une revue de la littérature francophone et anglo-saxonne. Pour cela, nous préciserons la genèse du concept d’inclusion dans le monde du handicap et ses liens étroits avec le management de la diversité avant d’appréhender le nouveau paradigme de l’entrepreneuriat inclusif proposé en matière de déterminants entrepreneuriaux : nouveaux comportements et pratiques entrepreneuriales.
L’art du patrimoine comme pont entre le centre pénitentiaire et l’école rurale : un regard interculturel
Authors: Pino-Alonso David , Sandoval Rodolfo , Cortés Natalia , Roca Ramón 
Published: August 2019

Cet article porte sur les implications éducatives d’un projet de mise en valeur du patrimoine artistique dont l’objectif est de relever les principales expressions artistiques du patrimoine de la région du Maule au Chili. Celles-ci sont cultivées par des détenus et des anciens détenus d’un centre pénitentiaire de la même localité. Depuis une approche interculturelle, il est possible de comprendre ces expressions comme un mécanisme efficace de réinsertion sociale et comme un moyen de communication entre la réalité de centres pénitentiaires et des écoles placées en zones rurales : deux espaces caricaturés comme étant marginaux et, généralement, peu visibles dans des centres régionaux d’information et de culture. De cette façon, on cherche également à explorer les idées (pré) conçues des élèves autour de l’espace social pénitentiaire et le niveau de mise en valeur de leur propre patrimoine tangible à partir du regard d’un autre, situé en dehors de son espace de proximité.
Core-Muscle Training and Neuromuscular Control of the Lower Limb and Trunk
Authors: Sasaki Shizuka , Tsuda Eiichi , Yamamoto Yuji , Maeda Shugo , Kimura Yuka , Fujita Yuki , Ishibashi Yasuyuki 
Published: August 2019

ContextComprehensive injury-prevention training (plyometric, agility, balance, and core-stability exercises) has been shown to decrease sport-related injury. The relationship between trunk control and sport-related injury has been emphasized; however, the isolated effects of core-muscle training are unclear.ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of a simple 8-week core-muscle–training program on the neuromuscular control of the lower limb and trunk during jump landing and single-legged squatting.DesignControlled laboratory study.SettingLaboratory.Patients or Other ParticipantsSeventeen female collegiate basketball players were randomly divided into training (n = 9; age = 19.7 ± 0.9 years) and control (n = 8; age = 20.3 ± 2.5 years) groups.Intervention(s)The training group completed the core-muscle–training program in addition to daily practice, and the control group performed only daily practice. Kinematic and kinetic data during a drop-jump test and single-legged squat were acquired using a 3-dimensional motion-analysis system.Main Outcome Measure(s)Three-dimensional hip, knee, and trunk kinematics; knee kinetics; and isokinetic muscle strength were measured at the pretraining and posttraining phases.ResultsFor the drop-jump test, the maximal trunk-flexion angle increased (P = .008), and peak knee-valgus moment (P = .008) decreased in the training group. For the single-legged squat, the peak trunk-flexion angle increased (P = .04), and the total amount of trunk lateral-inclination angle (P = .02) and peak knee-valgus moment (P = .008) decreased in the training group. We observed no changes in the control group.ConclusionsA consecutive 8-week core-muscle–training program improved lower limb and trunk biomechanics. These altered biomechanical patterns could be favorable to preventing sport-related injuries.
Devising a development test of auditory perception: Problems and prospects
Authors: Abramovitz Arnold 
Published: August 2019

It is certain that many children whose auditory perception is queried by audiologists, speech therapists, educationists and psychologists elude the diagnostic screens presently available in each of these disciplines. The need for a qualitative and quantitative psychological assessment of the child's auditory abilities and disabilities led to the development of a test which was intended to evaluate the following functions:(a) Recognition of environmental sounds, (b) Auditory figure-ground discrimination, (c) Speech-sound discrimination (phonemic and intonational) and (d) Tonal pattern discrimination (pitch, loudness, duration and interval). It was not intended to investigate threshold phenomena as such but rather to supplement and complement pure-tone and speech audiometry. The test was applied to 205 children, aged five to ten years, drawn from a normal school population, and 232 children with difficulties and handicaps varying both in degree and kind. Only the first two sub-tests were found to be clinically and experimentally viable, and data for the curtailed test are presented. The following results are noteworthy: (1) The test measures functions which are positively related to both age and intelligence. (2) Brain-injured, retarded and emotionally disturbed children generally test low on auditory figure-ground discrimination; this vulnerability is most likely due to perseveration. (3) Previously unsuspected peripheral hearing losses may sometimes be detected by the use of the test. On the other hand, some children said to have high degrees of hearing loss test at or above their age-level. (4) Many deaf and hard-of-hearing children test higher without their hearing-aids; this is probably due to amplification being achieved at the cost of distortion. (5) Children of average intelligence with reading and/or spelling difficulties often test low on auditory figure-ground discrimination. (6) Blind children who have received auditory training are equal to sighted children in recognition of environmental sounds, but superior in auditory figure-ground discrimination. This does not, however, necessarily signify superior auditory perception as such on the part of the blind. In general it is concluded that the development of tests of auditory perception could add significantly to the psycho-educational assessment of both "normal" and handicapped children.
Die gebruik van die akoestiese refleks vir bepaling van die gehoorapparaat winsinstelling
Authors: Basson Marina 
Published: August 2019

Spraakdiskriminasieinstellings is van twaalf gehoorapparaatdraers met sensories-neurale gehoorverliese verkry. Die toetsstimuli was Afrikaanse eenlettergrepige woorde wat in die teenwoordigheid van agtergrondsgeraas van aaneenlopende spraak met 'n sein-tot-ruis verhouding van +10dB aangebied is. Spraakdiskriminasieinstellings is by vier winsinstellings vir elke proefpersoon gemaak, naamlik: 'n winsinstelling wat die akoestiese refleksdrempel vir spraakgeraas ontlok in die oor kontralateraal tot die oor met die gehoorapparaat; twee winsinstellings by +/- 10dB relatief tot die refleks drempel winsinstelling; en 'n winsinstelling waar aaneenlopende spraak teen 50dB gehoorpeil vir die pasiënt mees gemaklik klink. Die hoogste gemiddelde spraakdiskriminasietelling is by die refleksdrempel winsinstelling verkry.
Associations of visceral fat thickness and anthropometric measurements with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease development in male patients mono-infected with human immunodeficiency virus
Authors: Vujanović Miloš , Brkić-Jovanović Nina , Ilić Dalibor , Drvendžija Zorka , Srdić-Galić Biljana , Turkulov Vesna , Brkić Snežana , Marić Daniela 
Published: August 2019

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents the most common form of chronic liver disease in mono-infected (without concomitant hepatitis B and/or C virus infection) people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The proper and on time identification of at-risk HIV-positive individuals would be relevant in order to reduce the rate of progression from NAFLD into non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore visceral fat thickness (VFT) and anthropometric measurements associated with the development of NAFLD in patients mono-infected with HIV and on long-standing combination antiretroviral therapy (cART).Method: Eighty-eight (n = 88) HIV-positive male patients, average age 39.94 ± 9.91 years, and stable on cART, were included in this prospective study. VFT was measured using ultrasonography. Anthropometric measurements included body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (W/H), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist and hip circumference (WC, HC). Differences between variables were determined using the chi-square test. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the Youden index were used to determine optimal cut-off values of VFT and hepatic steatosis. The area under the curve (AUC), 95% confidence intervals, sensitivity and specificity are reported for the complete sample. Significance was set at p < 0.05.Results: Patients with steatosis had significantly higher values of BMI, HC, WC, W/H and WHtR. The VFT was higher in patients with steatosis (p < 0.001). Specifically, VFT values above 31.98 mm and age > 38.5 years correlated with steatosis in HIV-positive patients, namely sensitivity 89%, specificity 72%, AUC 0.84 (95% CI, 0.76–0.93, p < 0.001), with the highest Youden index = 0.61. The sensitivity of the age determinant above this cut-off point was 84%, specificity 73% and AUC 0.83 (95% CI, 0.75–0.92, p < 0.001), with the highest Youden index of 0.57.Conclusion: In the absence of more advanced radiographic and histological tools, simple anthropometric measurements and VFT could assist in the early identification of persons at risk of hepatic steatosis in low- and middle-income regions.
The accuracy of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase detection in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in South African laboratories using the Vitek 2 Gram-negative susceptibility card AST-N255
Authors: Young Andrea L. , Nicol Mark P. , Moodley Clinton , Bamford Colleen M. 
Published: August 2019

Background: Phenotypic detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) is based on the inhibition of ESBL enzymes by β-lactamase inhibitors and on the comparison of cephalosporin activity with or without a β-lactamase inhibitor. Many South African diagnostic laboratories rely on the Vitek 2 for automated susceptibility testing and for ESBL detection. However, the Gram-negative susceptibility card currently used locally (AST-N255) has been modified and its accuracy for ESBL detection is not known.Methods: We randomly selected 50 isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli from a collection of clinical bloodstream isolates from Groote Schuur Hospital from 2015 to 2016, including ESBL-producing and non-ESBL-producing strains. We used standardised phenotypic (disc diffusion and broth microdilution) and genotypic (conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for blaCTX-M, blaSHV and blaTEM) methods for detection of ESBLs. We compared ESBL detection by Vitek 2 to a composite reference standard comprising ESBL detection either by both phenotypic methods or by one phenotypic method together with genotypic detection.Results: The sensitivity of Vitek 2 system for detection of ESBLs was 33/36 or 92% (78% – 97%) for E. coli, and 40/40 or 100% (91% – 100%) for K. pneumoniae, whilst specificity was 10/10 or 100% (72% – 100%) and 9/10 or 90% (60% – 98%), respectively. This is comparable with previous studies.Conclusion: Using a composite reference standard of the phenotypic and genotypic methods employed in this study, no Vitek-categorised ESBL E. coli or K. pneumoniae was found to be a non-ESBL with the exception of possible misinterpretation with K. pneumoniae SHV-hyper-producing isolates.
Is routine abdominal radiography of any value prior to an abdominal ultrasound investigation?
Authors: Nel B. , Scher A. T. 
Published: August 2019

It is common practice to do a routine abdominal X-ray prior to doing an abdominal ultrasound investigation. This study questioned the value of the abdominal film to determine whether it should be mandatory. In this prospective, descriptive clinical study at Tygerberg Hospital, a tertiary referral hospital, we included 100 consecutive patients referred to the Ultrasound Department for an abdominal ultrasound, for a variety of indications.An ultrasound of the abdomen was performed and the abdominal film evaluated for each patient. The examinations were performed within 24 hours of each other. The abnormalities were observed and the ultrasound and X-ray diagnoses recorded. The abdominal film played a vital role in ultrasound diagnosis in only 2% of patients, while in 8% it played a positive role.
Analysis algorithm for sky type and ice halo recognition in all-sky images
Authors: Boyd Sylke , Sorenson Stephen , Richard Shelby , King Michelle , Greenslit Morton 
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Halo displays, in particular the 22∘ halo, have
been captured in long time series of images obtained from total sky imagers
(TSIs) at various Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) sites. Halo
displays form if smooth-faced hexagonal ice crystals are present in the
optical path. We describe an image analysis algorithm for long time series
of TSI images which scores images with respect to the presence of
22∘ halos. Each image is assigned an ice halo score (IHS) for
22∘ halos, as well as a photographic sky type (PST), which
differentiates cirrostratus (PST-CS), partially cloudy (PST-PCL), cloudy
(PST-CLD), or clear (PST-CLR) within a near-solar image analysis area. The
color-resolved radial brightness behavior of the near-solar region is used
to define the discriminant properties used to classify photographic sky type
and assign an ice halo score. The scoring is based on the tools of
multivariate Gaussian analysis applied to a standardized sun-centered image
produced from the raw TSI image, following a series of calibrations,
rotation, and coordinate transformation. The algorithm is trained based on a training set for each class of images. We present test results on halo
observations and photographic sky type for the first 4 months of the year
2018, for TSI images obtained at the Southern Great Plains (SGP) ARM site. A
detailed comparison of visual and algorithm scores for the month of March 2018 shows that the algorithm is about 90 % reliable in discriminating the
four photographic sky types and identifies 86 % of all visual halos
correctly. Numerous instances of halo appearances were identified for the
period January through April 2018, with persistence times between 5 and 220 min. Varying by month, we found that between 9 % and 22 % of
cirrostratus skies exhibited a full or partial 22∘ halo.