bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wolfberry‐Derived Zeaxanthin Dipalmitate Attenuates Ethanol‐Induced Hepatic Damage
Authors: Gao Hao , Lv Yi , Liu Yingxia , Li Jingjing , Wang Xiaogang , Zhou Zhengqun , Tipoe George L. , Ouyang Songying , Guo Yutong , Zhang Jinhong , Hao Xiangfeng , Li Wei , Koike Kazuo , So Kwok‐Fai , Xiao Jia 
Published: April 2019

ScopeBesides abstinence and nutritional support, there is no proven clinical treatment for patients with alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD). Here, the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of action of wolfberry‐derived zeaxanthin dipalmitate (ZD) on AFLD models are demonstrated.Methods and resultsThe hepatoprotective effects of ZD are evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Direct interacting receptors of ZD on cell membranes are identified by liver‐specific knockdown and biophysical measurements. Downstream signaling pathways are delineated using molecular and cellular biological methods. It is demonstrated that ZD attenuates hepatocyte and whole‐liver injury in ethanol‐treated cells (dose: 1 µm) and a chronic binge AFLD rat model (dose: 10 mg kg–1), respectively. The direct targets of ZD on the cell membrane include receptor P2X7 and adiponectin receptor 1 (adipoR1). Signals from P2X7 and adipoR1 modulate the phosphatidylinositide 3‐kinase‐Akt and/or AMP‐activated protein kinase‐FoxO3a pathways, to restore mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy) functions suppressed by ethanol intoxication. In addition, ZD alleviates hepatic inflammation partially via the inhibition of Nod‐like receptor 3 inflammasome, whose activation is a direct consequence of suppressed mitophagy. Liver‐specific inhibition of receptors or mitophagy significantly impairs the beneficial effects of ZD.ConclusionsZD is an effective and promising agent for the potential treatment of AFLD.
Technical Note: Imaging dose resulting from optimized procedures with limited‐angle intrafractional verification system during stereotactic body radiation therapy lung treatment
Authors: Ding George X. , Zhang Yawei , Ren Lei 
Published: April 2019

PurposeThe limited‐angle intrafractional verification (LIVE) system was developed to track tumor movement during stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). However, the four‐dimensional (4D) MV/kV imaging procedure results in additional radiation dose to patients. This study is to quantify imaging radiation dose from optimized MV/kV image acquisition in the LIVE system and to determine if it exceeds the American Association of Physicists in Medicine Task Group Report 180 image dose threshold.MethodsTrueBeam™ platform with a fully integrated system for image guidance was studied. Monte Carlo‐simulated kV and MV beams were calibrated and then used as incident sources in an EGSnrc Monte Carlo dose calculation in a CT image‐based patient model. In three representative lung SBRT treatments evaluated in this study, tumors were located in the patient's posterior left lung, mid‐left lung, and right upper lung. The optimized imaging sequence comprised of arcs ranging from 2 to 7, acquired between adjacent three‐dimensional (3D)/IMRT beams, with multiple simultaneous kV (125 kVp) and MV (6 MV) image projections in each arc, for different optimization scenarios. The MV imaging fields were generally confined to the treatment target while kV images were acquired with a normal open field size with a full bow‐tie filter.ResultsIn a seven‐arc acquisitions case (highest imaging dose scenario), the maximum kV imaging doses to 50% of the tissue volume (D50 from DVHs), for spinal cord, right lung, heart, left lung, and the target, were 0.4, 0.4, 0.6, 0.7, and 1.4 cGy, respectively. The corresponding MV imaging doses were 0.1 cGy to spinal cord, right lung, heart, and left lung, and 11 cGy to target. In contrast, the maximum radiation dose from two cases treated with two Volumetric‐Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) fields and two‐arc image acquisitions is approximately 30% of that of the seven‐arc acquisition.ConclusionsWe have evaluated the additional radiation dose resulting from optimized LIVE system MV/kV image acquisitions in two best (least imaging dose) and one worst (highest imaging dose) lung SBRT treatment scenarios. The results show that these MV/kV imaging doses are comparable to those resulting from current imaging procedures used in Image‐Guided Radiation Therapy (IGRT) and are within the dose threshold of 5% target dose as recommended by the AAPM TG‐180 report.
Surface load dynamic solution of saturated transversely isotropic multilayer half‐space
Authors: Jafarzadeh Ata , Eskandari‐Ghadi Morteza 
Published: April 2019

SummaryThis paper treats the dynamic response of a multilayered transversely isotropic fluid saturated poroelastic half‐space under surface time‐harmonic traction. The governing system of partial differential equations is uncoupled with the use of a set of physically meaningful and complete potential functions that decompose different body waves in a saturated poroelastic transversely isotropic medium. After expressing the equations in the Hankel‐Fourier domain, a proper algebraic factorization is applied to generate reflection and transmission matrices for decomposed waves. All responses including displacements, stresses, and pore fluid pressure for both general patch load and point load are presented in the form of semi‐infinite line integrals. The verification of the method is confirmed with the degeneration of the solutions presented here to the existing solutions for dried both homogeneous and multilayered elastic half‐spaces as well as poroelastic half‐space. Selected numerical results are depicted to investigate the effects of layering and pore pressure on responses of a transversely isotropic poroelastic medium. The load distribution effects are studied by comparison of the patch and point load responses. Also, resonance notion and effective parameters on this phenomenon such as layering system and anisotropy contrast are discussed. Significant influence of materials and layering configuration on number and amplitude of resonances depicted through the numerical evaluation.
Evaluating pelvic floor muscle contractility using two‐dimensional transperineal ultrasonography in patients with pelvic organ prolapse
Authors: Ouchi Mifuka , Kitta Takeya , Suzuki Shigeyuki , Shinohara Nobuo , Kato Kumiko 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimThe hiatal anterior‐posterior distance (APD), as measured by two‐dimensional (2D) transperineal ultrasonography, is an indicator of pelvic floor muscle (PFM) contractility. The function of the pelvic floor is independently related to pelvic organ prolapse (POP) severity. However, little evidence concerning the APD for patients with POP before and after PFM training (PFMT) has been published. Therefore, we analyzed 2D transperineal ultrasonography in women with POP.MethodsTwenty‐eight women with POP completed a physiotherapist‐led PFMT regimen that consisted of 4 months of one‐on‐one PFMT and lifestyle advice. The APD was measured using 2D transperineal ultrasonography immediately before and after the PFMT period and used to calculate ΔAPD (APD at rest—APD during contraction). Vaginal squeeze pressure during maximum voluntary contractions was also assessed using a manometer. We then analyzed the reliability and the correlation between ΔAPD as measured using 2D transperineal ultrasonography and vaginal squeeze pressure before and after PFMT.ResultsThe APD at rest and during PFM contractions demonstrated intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) of 0.89 and 0.88, respectively. The ICC of maximal vaginal squeeze pressure was 0.97 during PFM contractions. Both ΔAPD (P < 0.01) and PFM strength (P < 0.05) increased significantly after PFMT. PFM strength and ΔAPD were correlated before (R = 0.53) and after (R = 0.68) PFMT (P < 0.01).ConclusionsWe demonstrated that dynamic 2D transperineal ultrasonography could be used for studying functional changes in patients with POP. The ΔAPD of the levator hiatus has potential as an anatomical surrogate marker for evaluating PFM function in hospitals.
Relationship of cue‐induced urinary urges to nocturia in women ages 18 to 40 years
Authors: Singer Jonathan , O'Connell Kathleen A. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimsAlthough physiological factors have a role in nocturia, research suggests that behavioral processes, especially classical conditioning may also play an important role in nocturia and other lower urinary tract symptoms. The study aimed to assess the relationship of stimulus‐associated urges during the day to nocturia in a sample of women aged 18 to 40, after controlling for physiological symptoms (eg, overactive bladder [OAB]; daytime frequency).MethodsAn online study was conducted using a panel of 356 female participants between the ages of 18 to 40. One‐third of the participants self‐reported an OAB diagnosis as determined by their physician. Almost 80% of participants reported having at least one nocturnal voiding per night. Participants completed the Urinary Cues Questionnaire, which assessed the frequency with which respondents experienced the urge to urinate in the presence of a variety of cues and the Overactive Bladder Screening Scale (OABSS), which assesses symptoms of OAB syndrome.ResultsControlling for OABSS scores and daytime urinary frequency, the Situational Cues Subscale had a significant relationship with nocturia such that with each unit increase in the subscale, the probability of nocturia increased by 12% to 14% depending on the definition of nocturia.DiscussionBehavioral techniques, such as habituation to decrease the association between awakening at night and feeling an urge to urinate, may be an appropriate intervention to mitigate nocturnal urination. Theoretically, this would translate to decreasing this disorder throughout the lifespan, if behavioral techniques could be effectively utilized in early adulthood.
Systematic Comparison of Graphene Materials for Supercapacitor Electrodes
Authors: Le Fevre Lewis W. , Cao Jianyun , Kinloch Ian A. , Forsyth Andrew J. , Dryfe Robert A. W. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA comparison of the performance of graphene‐based supercapacitors is difficult, owing to the variety of production methods used to prepare the materials. To the best of our knowledge, there has been no systematic investigation into the effect of the graphene production method on the supercapacitor performance. In this work, we compare graphene produced through several routes. This includes anodic and cathodic electrochemically exfoliated graphene, liquid phase exfoliated graphene, graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, and graphene nanoribbons. Graphene oxide exhibited the highest capacitance of approximately 154 F g−1 in 6 M KOH at 0.5 A g−1 attributed to oxygen functional groups giving an additional pseudocapacitance and preventing significant restacking; however, the capacitance retention was poor, owing to the low conductivity. In comparison, the anodic electrochemically exfoliated graphene exhibited a capacitance of approximately 44 F g−1, the highest of the ‘pure’ graphene materials, which all exhibited superior capacitance retention, owing to their higher conductivity. The cyclability of all of the materials, with the exception of reduced graphene oxide (70 %), was found to be greater than 95 % after 10 000 cycles. These results highlight the importance of matching the graphene production method with a specific application; for example, graphene oxide and anodic electrochemically exfoliated graphene would be best suited for high energy and power applications, respectively.
Self‐Assembly of Copper Polypyridyl Supramolecular Metallopolymers to Achieve Enhanced Anticancer Efficacy
Authors: Lai Lanhai , Luo Dong , Liu Ting , Zheng Wenjie , Chen Tianfeng , Li Dan 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSelf‐assembled functional supramolecular metallopolymers have demonstrated application potential in cancer therapy. Herein, a copper polypyridyl complex was found able to self‐assemble into a supramolecular metallopolymer driven by the intermolecular interactions, which could enhance the uptake in cancer cells through endocytosis, and thus effectively inhibiting tumor growth in vivo without damaging to the major organs. This study provides a facile way to achieve enhanced anticancer efficacy by using self‐assembled metallopolymers.
Effects of process conditions on the chemistry of an Ar/C2H2 dust‐forming plasma
Authors: Denysenko Igor B. , von Wahl Erik , Labidi Safa , Mikikian Maxime , Kersten Holger , Gibert Titaϊna 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA volume‐averaged model and numerical simulations are used to clarify the effects of process conditions on the plasma chemistry and species initiating the formation of nanoparticles in an Ar/C2H2 plasma. It is shown that Ar/C2H2 plasmas with low electron density, moderate input flux of acetylene and an electron energy distribution function (EEDF) close to the Druyvesteyn EEDF are the most suitable for the production of carbonaceous nanoparticles. These results are verified by direct comparison with experimental data and enable to formulate recommendations for future experiments with a controlled growth of nanoparticles in chemically active plasmas.
Novel mutations and deletions in cystic fibrosis in a tertiary cystic fibrosis center in Istanbul
Authors: Atag Emine , Bas Ikizoglu Nilay , Ergenekon Almala Pinar , Gokdemir Yasemin , Eralp Ela Erdem , Ata Pinar , Ersu Refika , Karakoc Fazilet , Karadag Bulent 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundCystic fibrosis (CF) genotyping has garnered increased attention since the discovery of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene in 1989 led to the identification of over 1700 mutations on chromosome 7. Yet, little is known about the genetic profile of CF patients in Turkey. This study sought to determine the mutation distribution among CF patients seeking care at Marmara University.MethodsTwo hundred fifty previously diagnosed CF patients were included in the study. CFTR gene exons 1 to 27 were amplified by a polymerase chain reaction and whole DNA sequencing was performed. Duplications and deletions were investigated by the multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification (MLPA) technique in patients with one or two unidentified mutations in sequence analysis.ResultsCFTR mutation analysis revealed 80 mutations and five large deletions were present in our study population. The five most common mutations were (delta) F508 (c.1521‐1523delCTT) (28.4%), 1677delTA (c.1545‐1546delTA) (6.4%), 2789 + 5G‐ > A (c.2657 + 5G > A) (5.8%), N1303K (c.3909C > G) (2.4%), and c.2183AA‐ > G (c.2051‐2052delAAinsG) (4.0%). Large deletions were found in 16 patients. Four novel mutations and two novel deletions were detected in this study.ConclusionsWe have identified four novel mutations and two novel deletions using next‐generation DNA sequencing and the MLPA technique and obtained an overall mutation detection rate of 91.4%. Detection of novel variants in CF patients will assist in genetic counseling and in determining appropriate patients for new therapies.
Designation and Match of Non‐Fullerene Acceptors with X‐Shaped Donors toward Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Saeed Ushna , Bibi Shamsa , ur‐Rehman Shafiq , Rauf khan Shanza , Shoaib Muhammad , Iqbal Muhammad Adnan , Nawaz Faisal , Jia Ran 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn this work, a series of PDI derivatives by substituting different aromatic groups at bay position of PDI molecule (dipyrollo pyrrole as PDI‐I, dithieno pyrrole as PDI‐II, furopyrazine as PDI‐III, naptho thiadiazole as PDI‐IV and thiadiazolo pyridine as PDI‐V) were investigated for photovoltaic applications. Optoelectronic properties of investigated molecules were studied using DFT methods at B3LYP/6‐31G (d, p) level of theory. Among investigated molecules, PDI‐I showed the smallest Eg than those of reference (R) and PDI molecules. The absorption spectra of PDI‐I displayed bathochromic shift of 107 nm as compared to R. All investigated molecules PDI‐I, PDI‐II, PDI‐III, PDI‐IV and PDI‐V also resulted a significant bathochromic shift of 308, 151, 148, 75 and 61 nm, respectively than that of PDI molecule. The reorganization energy analysis indicated that PDI‐I and PDI‐II could act as excellent hole transporting materials while PDI‐III and PDI‐IV as excellent electron transporting materials. However, PDI‐V acted as ambipolar due to comparable λe and λh values. All investigated PDI‐I to PDI‐V molecules could act as suitable acceptors with previously designed X1 and X2 donors and their Voc ranged from 0.97‐1.51 V with X1 and from 0.80‐1.34 V with X2. In a nutshell, this computational analysis proved that investigated molecules have potential to be used in cost effective and efficient non‐fullerene organic solar cell devices.
NLO‐Phoric Emissive Quinoxaline Analog of Quinoline Yellow 54 and Z‐Scan Studies
Authors: Ayare Nitesh N. , Rajeshirke Manali , Sreenath Mavila C. , Chitrambalam Subramaniyan , Joe Isaac H. , Sekar Nagaiyan 
Published: April 2019

AbstractQuinoxaline derivative QY 54 A, an analog of commercially available C.I. (Colour index) Disperse Yellow 54 (quinoline derivative) is synthesized and confirmed by 1H, 13C NMR, LC–MS, and CHN analysis. It is emissive (512 nm) with a quantum yield (ϕF) =0.34. The electrochemical properties of both the dyes were investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV). The titled dyes are thermally stable (up to 350 °C). A comprehensive study of linear and nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of commercial dye (QY 54) and its analog (QY 54 A) are performed by Z‐scan and Density functional theory (DFT). The NLO (βo, γo) values obtained are compared with the NLO (βo, γo) values of urea. Ten different functionals are used to see the effect of %Hartree Fork (HF) exchange on computed NLO properties of both the dyes. The functional M06‐HF (100% HF) and ωB97 (0‐100% HF) perform better for evaluating NLO properties. The Z‐scan and DFT result reveal that QY 54 A and QY54 are excellent NLOphores. The stability and enhancement in NLO properties of QY 54 A are due to electrophilicity index (ω), the Intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) character is confirmed by HOMO‐LUMO study (2.19 eV), quinoid character (0.0230 A°) and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) plots.
Large‐Area 3D Hierarchical Superstructures Assembled from Colloidal Nanoparticles
Authors: Song Guofen , Li Jinghan , Yuan Yang , Yao Lulu , Gu Jiajun , Liu Qinglei , Zhang Wang , Su Yishi , Zhang Di 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAssembling nanosized building blocks into macroscopic 3D complex structures is challenging. Here, nanosized metal and semiconductor building blocks with a variety of sizes and shapes (spheres, stars, and rods) are successfully assembled into a broad range of hierarchical (nanometer to micrometer) assemblies of functional materials in centimeter size using butterfly wings as templates. This is achieved by the introduction of steric hindrance to the assembly process, which compensates for attraction from the environmentally sensitive hydrogen bonds and prevents the aggregation of nanosized building blocks. Of these materials, Au nanostar assemblies show a superior enhancement in surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) performance (rhodamine 6G, 1506 cm−1) under 532, 633, and 780 nm excitation—this is 3.1–4.4, 3.6–3.9, and 2.9–47.3 folds surpassing Au nanosphere assemblies and commercial SERS substrates (Q‐SERS), respectively. This method provides a versatile route for the assembly of various nanosized building blocks into different 3D superstructures and for the construction of hybrid nanomaterials and nanocomposites.
Abundant Ce3+ Ions in Au‐CeOx Nanosheets to Enhance CO2 Electroreduction Performance
Authors: Dong Hao , Zhang Lei , Li Lulu , Deng Wanyu , Hu Congling , Zhao Zhi‐Jian , Gong Jinlong 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe electroreduction of CO2 to CO provides a potential way to solve the environmental problems caused by excess fossil fuel utilization. Loading transition metals on metal oxides is an efficient strategy for CO2 electroreduction as well as for reducing metal usage. However, it needs a great potential to overcome the energy barrier to increase CO selectivity. This paper describes how 8.7 wt% gold nanoparticles (NPs) loaded on CeOx
nanosheets (NSs) with high Ce3+ concentration effectively decrease the overpotential for CO2 electroreduction. The 3.6 nm gold NPs on CeOx
NSs containing 47.3% Ce3+ achieve CO faradaic efficiency of 90.1% at −0.5 V in 0.1 m KHCO3 solution. Furthermore, the CO2 electroreduction activity shows a strong relationship with the fractions of Ce3+ on Au‐CeOx
NSs, which has never been reported. In situ surface‐enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy shows that Au‐CeOx
NSs with high Ce3+ concentration promote CO2 activation and *COOH formation. Theoretical calculations also indicate that the improved performance is attributed to the enhanced *COOH formation on Au‐CeOx
NSs with high Ce3+ fraction.
Polydopamine‐Capped Bimetallic AuPt Hydrogels Enable Robust Biosensor for Organophosphorus Pesticide Detection
Authors: Wu Yu , Jiao Lei , Xu Weiqing , Gu Wenling , Zhu Chengzhou , Du Dan , Lin Yuehe 
Published: April 2019

AbstractNoble metal hydrogels/aerogels with macroscopic nanoassemblies characterized by ultralow density, profuse continuous porosity, and extremely large surface area have gained abundant interest due to not only their tunable physicochemical properties, but also promising applications in catalysis and sensing. Coupling the increased reaction temperature with dopamine‐induced effect, herein, a one‐step synthetic approach with accelerated gelation kinetics is reported for the synthesis of polydopamine‐capped bimetallic AuPt hydrogels. 3D porous nanowire networks with surface functionalization of polydopamine make them a promising biocompatible microenvironment for immobilizing acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and constructing enzyme‐based biosensors for sensitive detection of organophosphorus compounds. Taking advantage of their favorable structure and composition, the optimized product exhibits superior electrochemical activity toward thiocholine produced by AChE‐catalyzed hydrolysis of acetylthiocholine. Based on the inhibition of organophosphorus pesticide on the enzymatic activity of AChE, the inhibition mode for the detection of paraoxon‐ethyl is established, displaying linear regions over the range of 0.5–1000 ng L−1 with a low detection limit of 0.185 ng L−1.