bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Factors in Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer with Bone-Only Metastases
Authors: Parkes Amanda , Warneke Carla L. , Clifton Katherine , Al-Awadhi Aydah , Oke Oluchi , Pestana Roberto Carmagnani , Alhalabi Omar , Litton Jennifer K. , Hortobagyi Gabriel N. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Background
Patients with metastatic breast cancer with bone-only metastases (BOM) are a unique patient population without consensus regarding high-risk characteristics, which we sought to establish.

Methods
We identified 1,445 patients with BOM followed for at least 6 months at MD Anderson Cancer Center from January 1, 1997, to December 31, 2015.

Results
Seventy-one percent (n = 936) of the 1,325 patients with BOM with available pain characterization were symptomatic at time of BOM diagnosis. Pain was more common in patients with lytic compared with blastic or sclerotic metastases (odds ratio [OR], 1.79; 95% confidence interval [CI,] 1.26–2.53) and multiple versus single bone metastases (OR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.03–1.83). Poorer overall survival (OS) was also noted in patients with multiple bone metastases (median OS, 4.80 years; 95% CI, 4.49–5.07) compared with single bone metastasis (median OS, 7.54 years; 95% CI, 6.28–10.10) and in patients with metastases in both the axial and appendicular skeleton (median OS, 4.58 years; 95% CI, 4.23–4.96) compared with appendicular-only (median OS, 6.78 years; 95% CI, 5.26–7.96) or axial-only metastases (median OS, 5.62 years; 95% CI, 4.81–6.69). Black/non-Hispanic patients had poorer outcomes, and patients aged 40–49 years at time of breast cancer diagnosis had significantly better OS compared with both younger and older patient groups.

Conclusion
Overall, several risk features for decreased OS were identified, including multiple bone metastases and both axial and appendicular skeleton involvement. Multiple bone metastases and lytic bone metastases were associated with increased pain.

Implications for Practice
Patients with metastatic breast cancer and bone-only metastases (BOM) represent a poorly characterized patient subset. The ability to identify unique patient characteristics at time of BOM diagnosis associated with increased morbidity or mortality would allow for recognition of patients who would benefit from more aggressive therapy. In this study, the largest sample of patients with BOM thus far reported is characterized, highlighting several higher-risk BOM groups, including those with multiple bone metastases and bone metastases in both the axial and appendicular skeleton at time of BOM diagnosis. In addition to tailoring current practices for these high-risk patients, ongoing studies of these patients are indicated.
Variaciones en el campo visual del espacio de trabajo del artista forense, durante la realización de retratos hablados mediante video llamadas: proyecciones para Chile y América Latina
Authors: Faúndez-Salinas Gustavo 
Published: August 2018

Introducción: este artículo expone los resultados de un estudio ya finalizado, cuyo objetivo consistió en determinar si, durante la realización de retratos hablados a través de videollamadas, es posible evidenciar una correlación entre la amplitud del campo visual que tiene el testigo o víctima respecto del espacio de trabajo del artista forense, y el parecido resultante entre el retrato y el rostro de la persona a identificar.
Enfoque: el énfasis está puesto en la aplicabilidad de estos nuevos medios tecnológicos en el contexto latinoamericano, particularmente hacia la superación de las distancias físicas existentes entre las víctimas y autoridades judiciales de algunos países de la región.
Metodología: un primer grupo de 24 personas voluntarias situadas en Santiago de Chile tomó parte de entrevistas cognitivas individuales con un artista forense instalado en Dundee (Reino Unido) mediante videollamadas, 24 horas después de haber observado brevemente la fotografía de uno de los personajes de una serie de TV británica no transmitida en Chile. Durante las entrevistas, 12 de ellas tuvieron acceso visual a la imagen del tronco superior del artista y su espacio de trabajo, mientras que las otras 12 solo observaron en la pantalla una muralla blanca. Posteriormente, un segundo grupo de 24 personas, también ubicadas en Chile, evaluó el parecido de los retratos con respecto a las imágenes originales mediante una escala Likert.
Resultados: los datos obtenidos sugieren que no existe correlación directa entre las variables consideradas, lo cual implica que los cambios en el entorno de realización de las entrevistas no tendrían un efecto significativo en la composición de los retratos.
Conclusión: la ilusión de copresencia parece no ser imperativa para la creación de rapport entre el entrevistado y el artista forense.
A magyarországi határkutatás három évtizede. Szakirodalmi áttekintés
Authors: Pete Márton 
Published: August 2018

Az 1980-as évek végétől a határok kutatása mind a magyar, mind a nyugati (nyugat-európai és észak-amerikai) területi kutatások jelentős vizsgálati területe lett. Ugyanakkor magyar szempontból számos térségi sajátosság emelhető ki, amely megkülönbözteti az itteni tudományos termést az angolszász dominanciájú nyugati szakirodalomtól.
A tanulmány célja annak feltárása, milyen sajátosságok jellemezték a határkutatások magyar nyelvű szakirodalmát a 19. század végétől napjainkig, különös tekintettel a rendszerváltozás utáni időszakra. Ennek keretében bemutatom, hogyan vált az országhatár a társadalomföldrajz, illetve más rokon diszciplínák számára releváns kutatási problémává. A határt olyan társadalmi konstrukcióként azonosítom, ahol a külső, földrajzi térbeli közelség a belső, társadalmi térben bizonyos mértékű eltávolodottsággal párosul. Ezen alapproblémán túlmenően más, aktuális szempontok is meghatározók voltak a határkutatás egyes korszakaiban. A tanulmány áttekinti a határkutatás kezdetei óta a különböző korszakok főbb kérdéseit, problémáit, összekötve mindezt a tematikai és módszertani hangsúlyokkal.
A tanulmány ezután a közelmúlt nemzetközi és magyar tudományos eredményeinek összehasonlíthatóvá tétele érdekében főbb irányzatok szerint csoportosítja a szakirodalmat. Henk van Houtum hármas felosztásának a magyar nyelvű szakirodalomra alkalmazásával, valamint egyéb források feldolgozásával a tanulmány következtetése, hogy a magyar határkutatás alapvetően a nyugatit követi, ám mindezt jelentős időbeli késéssel teszi. Ugyanakkor a legújabb időszakok hazai kutatásai mögül hiányzik a politikai földrajz elméleti háttere, s a vizsgálatok sok esetben nem is a határt kutatják, hanem bizonyos tematikákat a határ mentén. Ezért a jövőben jobban kellene támaszkodni a múlt magyar, valamint napjaink nemzetközi politikai földrajzi tudáskészletére.
A telephelyválasztás lehetőségei a szállodaiparban
Authors: Albert Tóth Attila , Rechnitzer János 
Published: August 2018

A szálláshelyek telepítési helyének megválasztása a kezdetektől fogva tudatos döntések következménye volt, még akkor is, ha sokáig ez spontán módon ment végbe. Később, a szállodaipar fejlődése során létrejöttek azok a legfontosabb szállodatípusok, amelyek már nagymértékben meg is határozták a telepítési helyüket.
A tanulmány bemutatja a telephelyválasztás modelljeit, a monocentrikus, az agglomerációs és az empirikus modellek, valamint a szállodai gyakorlathoz közel álló működési modellek sajátosságait, abból a célból, hogy elemzési módszereket nyújtson új szállodák létesítéséhez. A budapesti esettanulmány felvázolja a fővárosi szállodaipar 2016-ra kialakult térbeli koncentrációját, valamint vizsgálja a 2008 és 2016 között megnyílt új szállodák telephelyválasztását. Az elemzés kerületi bontásban értékeli a közelmúlt legsikeresebb szállodai beruházásait. A telephelyválasztást és a befektetési döntést befolyásoló tényezők értékelése a gyakorlatban is segítséget nyújthat a szállodai beruházások során. Kockázatos döntéseket kell hozni, amelyek később már nehezen vagy egyáltalán nem korrigálhatók. Nem kétséges, hogy a jó telehelyválasztás a szálloda jövőbeni sikerességét alapvetően meghatározza.
Methods for detection of crises in the economy in the early stages
Authors: Ivaniuk V. A. , Abdikeev N. M. 
Published: August 2018

The article presents the results of a research of the principles, methods and models for discovery of crises in the economy in the early stages. The increase in the intensity of interaction of economic agents and increase the speed of information exchange and transactions frequency create preconditions not only for accelerating growth but also for the overheating of the economy with subsequent state of crisis. The relevance and importance of the work justifies increasing frequency, as global economic crises and crises of assets, and in opportunities of a statistically sound forecasting of development of crisis processes in the securities market. The object of the study was the crisis situation of the individual assets, as well as methods of detecting the crisis at an early stage.
New tariff regulation for natural monopolies: what should it be?
Authors: Dolmatov I. A. , Zolotova I. YU. , Maskaev I. V. 
Published: August 2018

For the last several years, the Russian Federation has been artificially restraining the growth of tariffs for the services of natural monopolies. A simple decision, which is taken hastily a few years ago as a short-term anti-crisis measure, has every chance of becoming a "solution" for many years to come. The authors attempt to analyze the short-term and long-term effects of the tariff regulation and present the results obtained in the framework of the basic research program of the Higher School of Economics on the impact of tariffs in the energy sector on the main macroeconomic indicators, most often used as arguments in favor of tariff restraint. It is shown that tariffs, including the ones for electricity networks, should cover all efficient costs of regulated companies in full which enables reliable and safe power supply for sustainable and efficient development of industries and wellbeing of the population. The authors present for the first time the results of the estimations of the efficiency of the operational costs of electric networks in Russia obtained on the models developed by the Institute of Pricing and Regulation of Natural Monopolies. The models are based on the data envelopment analysis (DEA) technique, one of the most advanced and most common methods in contemporary tariff setting.
EXTERNAL MANAGEMENT AS A WAY OUT OF CRISIS
Authors: Samodurov A. A. , Vyazankina E. A. 
Published: August 2018

The reasons for the increase in the number of bankrupt firms are investigated. The role of external management for the firm is analyzed. Positive and negative aspects of external management are considered, as well as ways to get the firm out of a crisis situation. Statistics of external management in the Russian Federation is given in articl.
THE MOTIVATION FOR IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF PERFORMANCE STATE CONTROL FUNCTIONS IN CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION
Authors: Proshkina A. S. , Yakovlev M. M. 
Published: August 2018

Тhe article is devoted to motivational aspects of the quality of services in the sphere of state control. The lack of the proper system of evaluation complicates the implementation an effective system of quality management. Problems of quality management in organizations are inextricably linked to issues of motivation. Nonfinancial methods of motivation proposed as the most perspective.
MODEL OF OBTAINING KEY COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES THE COMPANIES OF THE FUR AND FUR INDUSTRY IN THE RUSSIAN MARKET
Authors: Lukyanova A. V. 
Published: August 2018

The market of products from natural fur and skin takes a special place in the Russian market of clothes, first of all it is connected with that fact that this production is one of the most expensive of all type of goods of light industry, and also in connection with severe climatic conditions of the Russian Federation demand for products from natural fur and skin is high during an autumn and winter season. In article an attempt to analyse competitive strategy of players of the market pushno – the fur industry is made. Conclusions became results of research that for the companies of the fur and fur industry a key role play: 1) The known brand which causes positive associations in the client and installs confidence in the quality, offered production; 2) The wide model range offered on a choice of the client; 3) The qualified personnel which not only adjusts the consumer on purchase, but also can answer all questions concerning quality of production, the cut, actual trends, ruled socks, cleanings, storages, etc.; 4) Planning and registration of trade space (window dressing and effective zoning of space of shop).
IMPROVEMENT OF THE INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL MANAGEMENT AS A FACTOR OF INNOVATION DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Arenkov I. A. , Yaburova D. V. 
Published: August 2018

Intellectual capital becomes a factor, which is the core competitiveness of economic systems, and it is a key resource for the growth and development of not only individual companies, but also the country as a whole. The elements of intellectual capital set the pace of technology, form the basis of innovation. This article focuses on the dependence between innovation development of companies and countries on the formation of intellectual capital management strategy. We consider innovation as a competitive advantage achieved through the development of certain elements of the intellectual capital. The importance of intellectual capital management in order to increase the level of innovativeness of the country is proved on the example of the Global Innovation Index. We consider the innovation development at the company level through intellectual resource management, and provide financial and non-financial methods of evaluation of intellectual capital.
Green technology awareness: A case of Malaysia
Authors: Rahim Fadhlur , Musa Haslinda 
Published: August 2018

In the context of technology, the organization should be well fitted to implement green practice. Environmental practices have been well studied but only a few studies have presented the green innovation practices of corporate firms in Malaysia. This study focused on the awareness of green practices which were concerted upon organizational (Training Program), environment (Government Regulation & Policies) and individual context (Knowledge). A total of 108 questionnaires were returned out of 200. Reliability analyses were applied to test reliability of the instrument. Meanwhile, regression analysis was applied to determine the predicted factors for green practices towards the awareness of green practices. The results of the analysis indicated knowledge of employees as the most influencing factors to the awareness of green practices. For the practicality of this study, green technology is anticipated to be well implemented when these practices are understood.
Chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma: clinical presentation and surgical management
Authors: . Shwetha 
Published: August 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Cholesteatoma has long been a formidable adversary to the otologic surgeon. There is no single surgical treatment of choice for aural cholesteatoma. The extent of cholesteatoma, the amount of preoperative destruction, and mastoid pneumatization, guides the surgeon in choosing the type of operation for a particular ear. Intra-operative findings guide the surgeon to perform the required surgery despite thorough pre-operative work-up.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Prospective study on 42 patients who underwent surgery for cholesteatoma. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Cholesteatoma most commonly affected males aged between 10-20 years. Also, the disease was noted to be more aggressive in the paediatric age group. Foul smelling ear discharge was the most common presenting symptom followed by hearing loss. 21% of patients presented with complications. Canal wall down mastoidectomy was done in patients with complications and in cases where adequate disease clearance could not be accomplished with the posterior canal wall intact. All patients in the study underwent ossicular reconstruction. This was owing to either the destruction of ossicles by the disease process or to achieve adequate disease clearance.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Disease eradication is still the main aim of the surgery, but, when it can be achieved keeping the posterior canal wall intact, the canal wall should always be left intact. With advances in technology and availability of angled endoscopes this should be given more consideration. However, in a patient with complications and patients who are not available for regular follow-up the canal wall down surgery is preferred.</p>
The human body on Exhibit: promoting socio-cultural mediations in a science museum
Authors: Sousa do Nascimento Silvania 
Published: August 2018

This paper discusses three mediation concept approaches and, consequently, three facets of mediator action. The approaches presented start with a bibliographical review of the concept of mediation present in education and scientific communication studies. These approaches serve as a basis for interpreting a semi-directive interview with the director of the Museum of Morphological Sciences of the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG). They also help us reflect on the complexity of organizing the objectives of a museum action that takes into account the transformational role of the meaning of objects in interaction with different socio-cultural subjects. In conclusion, the museum's purpose in organizing a museum action using socio-cultural mediation approach and with the mediator as a passeur libre among exhibit objects and visitors is highlighted.
NanoŠmano Lab in Ljubljana: disruptive prototypes and experimental governance of nanotechnologies in the hackerspaces
Authors: Kera Denisa 
Published: August 2018

New forms of co-working spaces and community labs, such as Hackerspaces and Fablabs, but also open science and citizen science initiatives, by involving new actors often described as makers, tinkerers, and hackers enable innovation and research outside the walls of academia and industry. These alternative and global innovation networks are test beds for studying new forms of public engagement and participation in emergent scientific fields, such as nanotechnology. The article shows how these grassroots and Do-It-Yourself (DIY) or Do-It-With- Others (DIWO) research subcultures connect politics with design, community building with prototype testing, and how they establish an experimental approach for policy deliberation. We will consider a case study of a temporary, ad hoc and mobile NanoŠmano Lab in Ljubljana, Slovenia, which specializes in nanoscale materials and designs, to demonstrate the potential of prototypes and collective tinkering to become models for public involvement in emergent science and technology fields. This Hackerspace model of governance offers an alternative to the usual route of disruptive innovation, which starts in the R&D laboratory where it waits to be scrutinized by some government or regulatory body and be utilized by a start-up or mega corporation, and only then be safely taken up by the public. Hackerspaces operate through “disruptive prototypes” that create decentralized and nonlinear value chains and interactions between research, design and policy. Adoption of technology goes hand in hand with collective tinkering, and deliberation and assessment are happening simultaneously while prototyping. In this sense, disruptive prototypes can be said to support experimental governance. This policy closely follows some recent calls for “greater reflexiveness in the R&D process” via anticipatory policy and real-time assessment approaches, rather than more common, timeworn precautionary principles.
Moving beyond the seductive siren of reach: planning for the social and economic impacts emerging from school-university engagement with research
Authors: Holliman Richard , Davies Gareth 
Published: August 2018

In the past 25 years school-university partnerships have undergone a transition from ad hoc to strategic partnerships. Over the previous two-and-a-half-years we have worked in partnership with teachers and pupils from the Denbigh Teaching School Alliance in Milton Keynes, UK.
Our aims have been to encourage the Open University and local schools in Milton Keynes to value, recognise and support school-university engagement with research, and to create a culture of reflective practice.
Through our work we have noted a lack of suitable planning tools that work for researchers, teachers and pupils. Here we propose a flexible and adaptable metric to support stakeholders as they plan for, enact and evaluate direct and meaningful engagement between researchers, teachers and pupils. The objective of the metric is to make transparent the level of activity required of the stakeholders involved — teachers, pupils and researchers — whilst also providing a measure for institutions and funders to assess the relative depth of engagement; in effect, to move beyond the seductive siren of reach.
The Swedish mass experiments — a way of encouraging scientific citizenship?
Authors: Kasperowski Dick , Brounéus Fredrik 
Published: August 2018

Since 2009 Vetenskap & Allmänhet (Public & Science, VA) coordinates an annual mass experiment as part of ForskarFredag — the Swedish events on the European Researchers' Night. Through the experiments, thousands of Swedish students from preschool to upper secondary school have contributed to the development of scientific knowledge on, for example, the acoustic environment in classrooms, children's and adolescents' perception of hazardous environments and the development of autumn leaves in deciduous trees. The aim is to stimulate scientific literacy and an interest in science while generating scientific output. The essay discusses how the mass experiments can contribute to encouraging scientific citizenship.
Realigning Auditors' Accountability: Experimental Evidence
Authors: Hurley Patrick J. , Mayhew Brian W. , Obermire Kara M. 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT
We use experimental economic markets to examine the impact of changing institutional design features on audit quality. Specifically, we manipulate auditors' economic accountability to managers by altering who hires the auditor—a manager or an independent third party—and auditors' psychological accountability to investors by explicitly stating that the auditor is hired on the investors' behalf. Our design shifts auditors' accountability from managers, who have directional goal preferences, to investors, who prefer judgment accuracy. We find that removing auditors' economic accountability to managers and replacing it with psychological accountability to investors significantly increases audit quality. This increase in audit quality occurs despite the independent third party randomly hiring auditors. In an additional treatment, we incorporate auditor accuracy into the third-party hiring algorithm and find even higher audit quality. Our results suggest that altering auditors' accountability relationships can significantly enhance audit quality.
Data Availability: The laboratory market data used in this study are available from the authors upon request.