bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hubungan Lingkungan Pengasuhan dan Pekerjaan Ibu terhadap Perkembangan Bayi 6-12 Bulan
Authors: Herlina Sara 
Published: July 2018

Indonesia Health Demographic Survey (SDKI) Survey in 2012 shows the number of children aged (0 to 6 years) as much as 26.1 million, about 14.1 percent of the number of children experiencing developmental delays. There are several factors that influence the babys development such as parents curvature and mothers work. The purpose of this research is to know the relation of mothering environment and mothers work to baby development. The design of this study was cross sectional with a large sample of 151 people. Sampling method used systematically random sampling. The data were analyzed by univariate, bivariate and multivariate. The results of the study were given by the majority of good parenting environment as much as 39.7 percent, mothers did not work as much as 60.9 percent, and the baby had normal development as much as 52.3 percent. The result of chi square test of relationship between parenting environment to infant development obtained value of Pvalue less than 0,005 that is less than 0,000 relation between mother job to infant development obtained value of Pvalue less than 0,005 that is 0,003. So it can be concluded that there is a relationship between the parenting environment and the mother's work on infant development.
Keywords: parenting environment, mothers work, development
Immunogenic Properties of Cell Wall Preparations of Francisella tularensis Different Subspecies in Experimental Tularemia
Authors: Korneva A. V. , Nikolaev V. B. , Ivanova T. A. , Dubrovina V. I. , Mukhturgin G. B. , Markov E. Yu. , Starovoitova T. P. , Mazepa A. V. , Shkaruba T. T. , Balakhonov S. V. 
Published: July 2018

Immunogenic properties of cell wall (CW) preparations of Francisella tularensis four subspecies are investigated. It is shown that the preparations from F. tularensis urea lysates are not toxic for experimental animals. Besides, CW of F. tularensis А-61 subsp. mediasiatica and F. tularensis B-399 A-Cole subsp. tularensis possess immunogenic activity in experimental tularemia caused by F. tularensis 306 subsp. holarctica.
Assessment of Safety, Immunogenicity and Preventive Efficacy of Prevenar-13 in Children with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
Authors: Zubova E. S. , Semerikov V. V. , Sofronova L. V. , Kostinov M. P. 
Published: July 2018

Relevance. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most frequent chronic pathology of the lungs in children of the first year of life, especially among children born with extremely low and very low birth weight.Goal. The safety, immunogenicity and preventive efficacy of Prevenar 13 in preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia were assessedMaterials and methods.There were 29 children under observation, as well as 29 non-vaccinated children as a comparison group. Oxygen support was not needed by any child with BPD. Children in both groups had consequences of perinatal involvement of the central nervous system. Prevenar 13 vaccine was used for immunization.Results. The level vaccine adverse event following immunization in the group of vaccinated children was 16.7 ± 0.07%. One child had a high body temperature up to 39.5 °C, it was required to prescribe antipyretic drugs in the age-related dosage. All vaccine adverse event following immunization disappeared on 2 day. Local reactions were not recorded.Conclusions.The use of the Prevenar13 vaccine has established high preventive efficacy among preterm infants with BPD, a decrease in the incidence of otitis media by 3.5 times. Evaluation of the immunogenicity of the Prevenar 13 vaccine among children with BPD showed good immunological efficacy (a 4-fold increase in the mean geometric titer of antibodies at 28 days after vaccination).
MRS shimming: An imMRS Shimming: An Important Point Which Should not be Ignoredportant point which should not be ignored
Authors: Zeinali-Rafsanjani B , Faghihi R , Mosleh-Shirazi M A , Saeedi-Moghadam M , Lotfi M , Jalli R , Sina S , Mina L 
Published: July 2018

Introduction: Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a well-known device for analyzing the biological fluids metabolically. Obtaining accurate and reliable information via MRS needs a homogeneous magnetic field in order to provide well-defined peaks and uniform water suppression. There are lots of reasons which can disturb the magnetic field homogeneity which can be corrected by a process known as shimming. This study is intended to recall the importance of shimming and also the significant role of quality control (QC) in achieving an accurate quantification.Material and Method: An acrylic cylindrical quality control phantom was designed as an analog of brain MRS test phantoms in order to control the accuracy of the obtained signal of a 1.5 T Siemens MRI system which belonged to one of Shiraz hospitals. The signal of NAA, Cho, Cr, the combination of these metabolites and also the distilled water, which was used in this study, was evaluated using separate phantoms. A QC test was performed using Siemens QC phantom and a standard test phantom.Results: The spectrum of our home- made phantom had a significant difference with the expected spectrum. The results of checking the spectrum of metabolites separately also confirmed that there was a systemic problem that affects all the signals originated from all metabolites and even the pure distilled water. The MRS system could not pass QC tests, and peak broadening was common in all spectra. The complex spectrum of standard test phantom was not produced successfully by the MRS system.Discussion: By a simple check of the water peak characteristics, lots of information can be obtained, one of which is the status of shimming that has a considerable effect on the accuracy of the spectrum. Thus, performing an automatic or manual shimming is not a criterion of the spectrum accuracy, and performing a periodic quality control using a test phantom by a specialist is necessary.Conclusion: Briefly, the quality control of MRS and all the other clinical device must be taken seriously. Sometimes QC can be the boundary of a right or a wrong decision for the patient.
OKULÖNCESİ VE SINIF ÖĞRETMENİ ADAYLARININ MESLEKİ DEĞERLERİ
Authors: DEMİRTAŞ Vesile Yıldız , ÇUBUKÇU Feryal 
Published: July 2018

19. yüzyılın sonu ve 20. yüzyılın başı dünyada
sosyal ve eğitim alanında önemli değişikliklere sahne olmuştur. Dewey ve
Durkheim, farklı kıtalarda eğitim ve okulun rolü ile ilgili benzer görüşleri
savunmuşlardır. Hem bireyselciliğin artması hem de sanayileşmenin üst noktalara
ulaşması ile birlikte bireyin toplumdaki rollerinde değişiklikler meydana
gelmiştir. Bu nedenle toplamsal yaşamda bir bütünlük oluşturabilmek için
okullarda sadece akademik konular yanında hak ve özgürlüklerin eğitimi ile
birlikte değerlerin de yer alması gerektiğini ileri sürmüşlerdir. Dewey (1997),
değerlerin sosyal hayatın bir parçası olduğunu dolayısıyla değerlerin toplum
içinde yaşayarak kazanılacağını belirtir. Değerler toplumdaki bireylerin
birbirleriyle etkileşimi sonucunda oluşur ve birbirleriyle olan iletişimini
belirler. Kısacası davranışın sosyal ve ahlaki yanı aynıdır, arada herhangi bir
fark yoktur. Bu nedenle okul, sosyal
yapı içerinde değerlerin oluşup kazanıldığı yerdir. Okulun en önemli sorumluluğu
bireyleri değer yargıları kazandırarak onları topluma hazırlamaktır. Durkheim
(1961) ise herhangi bir yaşantı olmadan toplumla bir hareket etmek için
gözlemlerine dayanarak değerlerin özümsendiğini savunur. Eğer kişi ahlaklı
olmak istiyorsa kendi çıkarları dışında hareket etmelidir. Kültürlerarası
yaptığı araştırmalarla tanınan Schwartz ise değeri, davranışların ve eylemlerin
açıklanmasında sosyal bir aktör olarak görmektedir. Her insanın hayatta farklı
değerlere sahip olabileceğini söyleyen Schwartz, kimi insanlar için önemli olan
değerlerin bir başkası için önemli olmayacağını belirtmektedir. Değerler
hayatımızda bizim için neyin önemli olduğunu ifade etmektedir. Schwartz,
kültürler arasındaki farkları göz önüne alarak bireysel değerleri 10 grupta
incelemiştir. Bunlar: Güç, başarı, hazcılık (hedonizm), özyönelim, evrensellik,
iyilikseverlik, geleneksellik, uyarılma, uygunluk ve güvenliktir.Öğretmen adaylarının
mesleki değerlerini incelemek amacıyla yapılan bu çalışmada Schwartz'ın
kategorileri kullanılmıştır. Bu araştırmada okulöncesi ve sınıf öğretmeni
adaylarının sahip olduğu mesleki değerler incelenmiştir. Veriler okulöncesi ve
sınıf öğretmenliği bölümlerinde okuyan toplam 60 öğrenciden toplanmıştır.
Araştırmada veriler yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile toplanmıştır.
Görüşme formunun içeriği, değer verme, hoşgörülü, sevgi dolu, adaletli, alçakgönüllü,
güvenilir, empatik, huzurlu, cesaretli ve kararlı olmayı içeren mesleki
değerlerle ilgili örnek olay ve durumlardan oluşmaktadır. Araştırma sonucunda
öğretmen adaylarının mesleki değerlere farklı oranlarda sahip olduğu ortaya
çıkmıştır. Öğretmen adaylarının cesaretli olma, öğrenciye değer verme,
öğrencilere karşı sevgi dolu, hoşgörülü, adaletli olmaları gibi mesleki
değerleri yüksektir. Buna karşın öğretmen adayları empatik olma yönünde herhangi
olumlu bir görüş bildirmemişlerdir.
Öğretmen adaylarının sahip olduğu en yüksek değerler ile Schwartz (1992,
1994)’ın bireysel değerlerine göre eşleşenler evrensellik, uyarılma ve
iyilikseverliktir.
ELEŞTİREL DÜŞÜNMEYE DAYALI ÖĞRETİM İLKE VE YÖNTEMLERİ DERSİ PROGRAM TASARISININ ÖĞRENME ÜRÜNLERİNE ETKİSİ
Authors: Saylan Nevin , Gültekin Selcen 
Published: July 2018

Bu
çalışmanın amacı, eleştirel
düşünmeye dayalı geliştirilen
öğretim ilke ve yöntemleri dersinin; öğrencilerin öğrenme düzeylerine, üstbiliş farkındalık
düzeylerine, epistemolojik inançlarına ve eleştirel düşünme eğilimlerine etkisinin incelenmektir. Araştırmada veri toplama amacıyla karma yöntem
kullanılmıştır. Nicel aşamada ön-test son-test kontrol gruplu yarı deneysel
desen, nitel aşaması için öğrenci günlükleri kullanılmıştır. Çalışma “Öğretim İlke ve Yöntemleri” dersi
kapsamında yürütülmüştür. Denel işlem 14 hafta sürmüştür. 2011- 2012 öğretim
yılında bu dersi alan ilköğretim matematik öğretmenliği anabilim dalı
öğrencileri çalışmanın denekleri olarak belirlenmiştir. Dersi alan iki şubeden
biri yansız atama ile deney grubu (n= 37), diğeri kontrol grubu (n=38) olarak atanmıştır. Deney grubunda eleştirel düşünmeye dayalı
öğretim uygulanırken, kontrol grubunda aynı derste geleneksel eğitim durumları
sürdürülmüştür. Araştırmada, nicel verilerin toplanması sürecinde iki gruba da
öğrenme düzeyini belirleme testi (ÖDBT), eleştirel düşünme ölçeği (ED),
üstbiliş farkındalık ölçeği (ÜBFÖ) ve epistemolojik inanç ölçeği (EİÖ) ön-test, son-test olarak uygulanmıştır. Nitel
verilerin toplanma sürecinde deney grubundan elde edilen günlükler
kullanılmıştır.
Valeurs et contre-valeurs dans un discours utopiste : l'exemple de Jules Verne (Les cinq cents millions de la Begum)
Authors: Grave Frédéric 
Published: July 2018

L’article analyse le court roman de Jules Verne, Les cinq cents millions de la Begum,
comme un récit utopiste, fortement marqué par une dichotomie axiologique, qu’il s’agisse des programmes narratifs ou des enjeux de valeurs qui s’inscrivent dans les villes futures projetées par les deux protagonistes. Au programme utopien, hygiéniste et social de l’un répond la revanche belliciste et antisociale du second, dystopie qui nécessite pour être bien comprise d’être réinscrite dans le contexte franco-prussien de la fin du XIXe siècle. Dans le prolongement du roman, on analyse succinctement un extrait de J.-M. Pelt qui prône, dans un discours figuré, les valeurs de protection de l’environnement et dénonce l’anti-civisme des actes de pollution. Les deux textes donnent lieu à des prolongements didactiques et l’article se referme d’une part sur l’analyse des valeurs dans un échantillon de textes d’élèves de troisième, et d’autre part sur quelques propositions d’activités qui s’efforcent d’articuler pratiques de lecture et d’écriture sur l’utopie de Jules Verne.
Situation, contexte et valeur référentielle
Authors: Franckel Jean-Jacques 
Published: July 2018

Il s’agit dans cet article de problématiser une partie des questions liées aux notions de situation et de contexte, en particulier dans leurs relations avec celles de référent
et de valeurs référentielles. Chaque énoncé s’ancre dans une situation qu’en même temps il contribue à déterminer et qui peut être entendue comme condition de possibilité de son interprétation. Le contexte (comme la situation) n’est pas dans une simple extériorité par rapport à l’énoncé qui s’y inscrit, elle en est aussi une construction, dépendant étroitement de la forme même de l’énoncé dans ses moindres détails (y compris prosodiques) et en fait donc aussi partie intégrante. Il relève d’un côté d’une régularité (pour un énoncé, on a systématiquement le ou les mêmes types
de contexte) et d’une singularité (le contexte effectif n’est jamais que celui auquel on a effectivement affaire). On montre ainsi que ce contexte effectif relève d’une actualisation donnée d’un potentiel reconstructible à partir de la forme précise de l’énoncé. Cette problématique, illustrée par de nombreux exemples ouvre sur une analyse visant à dégager des principes réguliers dans ce qui ne se présente jamais que dans une singularité.
Discovery of a 3 s Spinning Neutron Star in a 4.15 hr Orbit in the Brightest Hard X-Ray Source in M31
Authors: Rodríguez Castillo Guillermo A. , Israel Gian Luca , Esposito Paolo , Papitto Alessandro , Stella Luigi , Tiengo Andrea , Luca Andrea De , Marelli Martino 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
We report the discovery with XMM-Newton of 3 s X-ray pulsations from 3XMM J004232.1+411314, a dipping source that dominates the hard X-ray emission of M31. This finding unambiguously assesses the neutron star (NS) nature of the compact object. We also measured an orbital period of 4.15 hr and a projected semi-axis at aX sin i = 0.6 lt-s, which implies a low-mass companion of about 0.2–0.3 M
⊙ assuming an NS of 1.5 M
⊙ and an orbital inclination i = 60°–80°. The barycentric orbit-corrected pulse period decreased by ∼28 ms in about 16 year, corresponding to an average spin-up rate of

s s−1; pulse period variations, probably caused by X-ray luminosity changes, were observed on shorter timescales. We identify two possible extreme scenarios for the source: a mildly magnetic NS with B
p ≃ few × 1010 G if the pulsar is far from its equilibrium period P
eq and the disk is truncated at the value of the Alfvén radius corresponding to the observed luminosity, and a relatively young, highly magnetic NS with B
eq ≃ 2 × 1013 G if spinning close to P
eq and the disk is truncated close to the co-rotation surface.
Observational Implications of Lowering the LIGO-Virgo Alert Threshold
Authors: Lynch Ryan , Coughlin Michael , Vitale Salvatore , Stubbs Christopher W. , Katsavounidis Erik 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The recent detection of the binary-neutron-star merger associated with GW170817 by both the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) and Virgo and the network of electromagnetic-spectrum observing facilities around the world has made the multi-messenger detection of gravitational-wave (GW) events a reality. These joint detections allow us to probe GW sources in greater detail and provide us with the possibility of confidently establishing events that would not have been detected in GW data alone. In this Letter, we explore the prospects of using the electromagnetic (EM) follow-up of low-significance GW event candidates to increase the sample of confident detections with EM counterparts. We find that the GW-alert threshold change that would roughly double the number of detectable astrophysical events would increase the false-alarm rate (FAR) by more than five orders of magnitude from 1 per 100 years to more than 1000 per year. We find that the localization costs of following up low-significance candidates are marginal, as the same changes to FAR only increase distance/area localizations by less than a factor of 2 and increase volume localization by less than a factor of 4. We argue that EM follow-up thresholds for low-significance candidates should be set on the basis of alert purity (P
astro) and not FAR. Ideally, such estimates of P
astro would be provided by LIGO-Virgo, but in their absence we provide estimates of the average purity of the GW candidate alerts issued by LIGO-Virgo as a function of FAR for various LIGO-Virgo observing epochs.
2B4 Mediates Inhibition of CD8+ T Cell Responses via Attenuation of Glycolysis and Cell Division
Authors: Laurie Sonia J. , Liu Danya , Wagener Maylene E. , Stark Phoebe C. , Terhorst Cox , Ford Mandy L. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
We recently showed that 2B4 expression on memory T cells in human renal transplant recipients was associated with reduced rates of rejection. To investigate whether 2B4 functionally underlies graft acceptance during transplantation, we established an experimental model in which 2B4 was retrogenically expressed on donor-reactive murine CD8+ T cells (2B4rg), which were then transferred into naive recipients prior to skin transplantation. We found that constitutive 2B4 expression resulted in significantly reduced accumulation of donor-reactive CD8+ T cells following transplantation and significantly prolonged graft survival following transplantation. This marked reduction in alloreactivity was due to reduced proliferation of CD8+ Thy1.1+ 2B4rg cells as compared with control cells, underpinned by extracellular flux analyses demonstrating that 2B4-deficient (2B4KO) CD8+ cells activated in vitro exhibited increased glycolytic capacity and upregulation of gene expression profiles consistent with enhanced glycolytic machinery as compared with wild type controls. Furthermore, 2B4KO CD8+ T cells primed in vivo exhibited significantly enhanced ex vivo uptake of a fluorescent glucose analogue. Finally, the proliferative advantage associated with 2B4 deficiency was only observed in the setting of glucose sufficiency; in glucose-poor conditions, 2B4KO CD8+ T cells lost their proliferative advantage. Together, these data indicate that 2B4 signals function to alter T cell glucose metabolism, thereby limiting the proliferation and accumulation of CD8+ T cells. Targeting 2B4 may therefore represent a novel therapeutic strategy to attenuate unwanted CD8+ T cell responses.
Employee engagement in Nigeria: The role of leaders and boundary variables
Authors: Amah Okechukwu E. 
Published: July 2018

Orientation: Engaged employees make a valuable contribution to organisational agility and productivity in challenging business environments. Hence, identifying factors that enhance employee engagement is important in the Nigerian context.Research purpose: The objectives of this study were to show that various leadership styles have different effects on employee engagement, and that the employee voice and the perception of organisational support are boundary variables through which leadership style affects employee engagement.Motivation for the study: High unemployment rate and job insecurity in Nigeria make it necessary to determine leadership styles and other factors that enhance employee engagement.Research design, approach and method: Cross-sectional survey design was used with samples taken from organisations located in Lagos, Nigeria (n = 300). Existing measures of study variables that have been validated were used for the study. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and structural equation modelling techniques were used for data analysis.Main findings: The relationship between leadership style and employee engagement is not direct but mediated through boundary variables, employee voice and perception of organisational support. Servant leadership style has the highest total effect on employee engagement. Autocratic style is detrimental to the engagement of employees. Encouraging employee voice enhances the employee’s perception of the organisation as supportive.Practical/managerial implications: Though leadership is known to be the main driver of employee engagement, not all leadership styles enhance employee engagement. The effect of leadership on employee engagement is influenced by the favourable environment created by the leader’s behaviour. Organisations must use the determination of potential leadership style as recruitment tool for new managers and those to be promoted. The performance evaluation of leaders must include behavioural factors that capture leaders’ ability to create a favourable environment that encourages the employee voice and perception of organisation as supportive.Contribution/value-add: Leadership styles are not equally effective in enhancing employee engagement. There are boundary variables arising from the environment created by leadership behaviour that enhance the effect of leadership style on employee engagement. The study was performed in Nigeria where high unemployment rate and job insecurity created a unique challenge in getting employees engaged.
Adult Burkitt lymphoma: An institutional experience with a uniform chemotherapy protocol
Authors: Patekar Mukesh , Gogia Ajay , Tiwari Akash , Kumar Lalit , Sharma Atul , Mallick Soumya Ranjan , Sharma Mehar Chand , Thulkar Sanjay , Gupta Ritu 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Background: Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is treated with short, intensive, noncross resistant multidrug chemotherapy regimens. The management of this aggressive lymphoma is a challenge in our resource-limited setting, and the published data from India is scarce. Aim: This retrospective study aims to evaluate the clinical features and treatment outcomes in adult patients with BL treated with uniform chemotherapy, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, methotrexate, ifosfamide, etoposide, cytarabine (CODOX-M/IVAC) protocol (± Rituximab). Materials and Methods: The hospital records between 2011 and 2017 were reviewed to identify adult patients (age ≥18 years) who were treated with CODOX-M/IVAC protocol (± Rituximab). The demographic and clinical details, treatment, outcomes, and toxicity were recorded from the patient's prospectively maintained case records. Results: Eighteen patients were included in this study. The median age was 38 years with male:female ratio 3.5:1. The majority of patients were high risk (14/18). All patients had extranodal site of involvement. The treatment completion rate was 83.3%. The overall response rate = 77.8% including complete response rate = 66.7%. Five patients (27%) had progressive disease on therapy. The estimated 2-year overall survival and event-free survival were 73% and 68.4%, respectively. The most common toxicity was myelosuppression (grade v3/4 neutropenia = 88.8%, grade 3/4 thrombocytopenia = 77.7%, and grade 3/4 anemia = 66.6%), febrile neutropenia was seen in 66.6% cases. Most common nonhematological toxicity was mucositis (grd3/4 = 33.3%). No toxic death was seen. Conclusion: This one of the first retrospective analyses of treatment outcomes from India suggests that our patients are demographically and clinically similar to the western counterpart. The treatment completion rate is high despite significant toxicity. BL has a good outcome if treated adequately.
Learning IS-A relations from specialized-domain texts with co-occurrence measures
Authors: Urena Pedro 
Published: July 2018

<p>Ontology enrichment is a classification problem in which an algorithm categorizes an input conceptual unit in the corresponding node in a target ontology. Conceptual enrichment is of great importance both to Knowledge Engineering and Natural Language Processing, because it helps maximize the efficacy of intelligent systems, making them more adaptable to scenarios where information is produced by means of language. Following previous research on distributional semantics, this paper presents a case study of ontology enrichment using a feature-extraction method which relies on collocational information from corpora. The major advantage of this method is that it can help locate an input unit within its corresponding superordinate node in a taxonomy using a relatively small number of lexical features. In order to evaluate the proposed framework, this paper presents an experiment consisting of the automatic classification of a chemical substance in a taxonomy of toxicology.</p>