bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microvesicles: ROS scavengers and ROS producers
Authors: Bodega G. , Alique M. , Puebla L. , Carracedo J. , Ramírez R. M. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTThis review analyzes the relationship between microvesicles and reactive oxygen species (ROS). This relationship is bidirectional; on the one hand, the number and content of microvesicles produced by the cells are affected by oxidative stress conditions; on the other hand, microvesicles can directly and/or indirectly modify the ROS content in the extra‐ as well as the intracellular compartments. In this regard, microvesicles contain a pro‐oxidant or antioxidant machinery that may produce or scavenge ROS: direct effect. This mechanism is especially suitable for eliminating ROS in the extracellular compartment. Endothelial microvesicles, in particular, contain a specific and well‐developed antioxidant machinery. On the other hand, the molecules included in microvesicles can modify (activate or inhibit) ROS metabolism in their target cells: indirect effect. This can be achieved by the incorporation into the cells of ROS metabolic enzymes included in the microvesicles, or by the regulation of signaling pathways involved in ROS metabolism. Proteins, as well as miRNAs, are involved in this last effect.
Lump Solutions for Two Mixed Calogero-Bogoyavlenskii-Schiff and Bogoyavlensky-Konopelchenko Equations*
Authors: Ren Bo , Ma Wen-Xiu , Yu Jun 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Based on the Hirota bilinear operators and their generalized bilinear derivatives, we formulate two new (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear partial differential equations, which possess lumps. One of the new nonlinear differential equations includes the generalized Calogero-Bogoyavlenskii-Schiff equation and the generalized Bogoyavlensky-Konopelchenko equation as particular examples, and the other has the same bilinear form with different Dp
-operators. A class explicit lump solutions of the new nonlinear differential equation is constructed by using the Hirota bilinear approaches. A specific case of the presented lump solution is plotted to shed light on the charateristics of the lump.
A Consistency Check for the Free Scalar Field Theory Realization of the Doubly Spacial Relativity*
Authors: Khodadi Mohsen , Nozari Kourosh 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We study a free scalar field theory in the framework of the Magueijo-Smolin model of the “Doubly Special Relativity” (DSR) which is a non-linear realization of the action of the Lorentz group on momentum space admitting an invariant energy cutoff. We show that unlike the standard quantum field theory, the Klein-Gordon equation obtained via Euler-Lagrange field equation and Heisenberg picture equation of motion of the field are not equivalent in this framework, at least up to the first order of the Planck length scale.
Dipole and Combo Optical Solitons in Birefringent Fibers in the Presence of Four-Wave Mixing
Authors: Raza Nauman , Zubair Asad 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

The ultimate theme of this study is to develop dipole and combo optical solitons in birefringent fibers (BF) along with the effect of four-wave mixing (4WM). Two types of rough mediums are used which are Kerr law and parabolic law. Ansatz method of Choudhuri is applied to obtain dark in the bright (dipole) soliton solutions providing bright background for the propagation of optical dark pulse. Ansatz method of Li is applied to obtain combo soliton solutions providing bright solitary wave and dark solitary wave solutions. These results also exist to hold in non-Kerr media with higher order dispersion.
Study on the Perturbation Characteristics of Two-Channel Laser Propagation in Atmospheric Turbulence
Authors: Yang Xiao-Dong , Gao Ming 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

In order to study the influence factors of acquisition detection target information by lidar and understand the influence degree of each factor, the two-channel phase perturbation model and the two-channel eikonal variance model are derived in detail by using the geometrical optics method in this paper, and each factor is discussed in detail. The results show that the transmission distance is the main factor to affect the two-channel perturbation. With the increase of the transmission distance, the disturbing degree will gradually weaken. With the increase of transverse coordinates, the disturbing of two channels will also be weakened. In order to further weaken the disturbing degree, the feature dimension should be far larger than the wavelength, but far less than the transmission distance.
Controlling Airy-Bessel Light Bullets in an Optically Induced Potential*
Authors: Wu Zhen-Kun , Gu Yu-Zong 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

We investigate numerically the curious evolution of self-decelerating Airy-Bessel light bullets carrying different topological charges (TC), launched in the three-dimensional (3D) Schrödinger equation with an induced parabolic potential. We present their spatiotemporal profile during propagation. In our paper, the number of TC, the modulation depth, and the induced potential are considered simultaneously. The propagation properties of light bullets result from a combination of these effects. Our scheme is distinctly different from the linear light bullets in free space, in which the localized wave packets propagate in a self-consistent trapping potential.
Effects of Inhibitory Signal on Criticality in Excitatory-Inhibitory Networks*
Authors: Wang Fan , Wang Sheng-Jun 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

We study the criticality in excitatory-inhibitory networks consisting of excitable elements. We investigate the effects of the inhibitory strength using both numerical simulations and theoretical analysis. We show that the inhibitory strength cannot affect the critical point. The dynamic range is decreased as the inhibitory strength increases. To simulate of decreasing the efficacy of excitation and inhibition which was studied in experiments, we remove excitatory or inhibitory nodes, delete excitatory or inhibitory links, and weaken excitatory or inhibitory coupling strength in critical excitatory-inhibitory network. Decreasing the excitation, the change of the dynamic range is most dramatic as the same as previous experimental results. However, decreasing inhibition has no effect on the criticality in excitatory-inhibitory network.
Insights into the Discrepancy between Single Molecule Experiments*
Authors: Zhou Qian , Zhang Min , Fan Yang-Tao , Wang Yu-Kang , Bao Lin , Zhao Guang-Ju , Chen Hu , Liu Yan-Hui 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Sharp bending as one of the mechanical properties of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) on the nanoscale is essential for biological functions and processes. Force sensors with optical readout have been designed to measure the forces inside short, strained loops composed of both dsDNA and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). Recent FRET single-molecule experiments were carried out based on the same force sensor design, but provided totally contrary results. In the current work, Monte Carlo simulations were performed under three conditions to clarify the discrepancy between the two experiments. The criterion that the work done by the force exerted on dsDNA by ssDNA should be larger than the nearest-neighbor (NN) stacking interaction energy is used to identify the generation of the fork at the junction of dsDNA and ssDNA. When the contour length of dsDNA in the sensor is larger than its critical length, the fork begins to generate at the junction of dsDNA and ssDNA, even with a kink in dsDNA. The forces inferred from simulations under three conditions are consistent with the ones inferred from experiments, including extra large force and can be grouped into two different states, namely, fork states and kink states. The phase diagrams constructed in the phase space of the NN stacking interaction energy and excited energy indicate that the transition between the fork state and kink state is difficult to identify in the phase space with an ultra small or large number of forks, but it can be detected in the phase space with a medium number of forks and kinks.
Synchronization to extreme events in moving agents
Authors: Chowdhury Sayantan Nag , Majhi Soumen , Ozer Mahmut , Ghosh Dibakar , Perc Matjaž 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Interactions amongst agents frequently exist only at particular moments in time, depending on their closeness in space and movement parameters. Here we propose a minimal model of moving agents where the network of contacts changes over time due to their motion. In particular, agents interact based on their proximity in a two-dimensional space, but only if they belong to the same fixed interaction zones. Our research reveals the emergence of global synchronization if all the interaction zones are attractive. However, if some of the interaction zones are repulsive, they deflect synchrony and lead to short-lasting but recurrent deviations that constitute extreme events in the network. We use two paradigmatic oscillators for the description of the agent dynamics to demonstrate our findings numerically, and we also provide an analytical formulation to describe the emergence of complete synchrony and the thresholds that distinguish extreme events from other intermittent states based on the peak-over-threshold approach.
Universality classes of topological phase transitions with higher-order band crossing
Authors: Chen Wei , Schnyder Andreas P 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In topological insulators and topological superconductors, the discrete jump of the topological invariant upon tuning a certain system parameter defines a topological phase transition. A unified framework is employed to address the quantum criticality of the topological phase transitions in one to three spatial dimensions, which simultaneously incorporates the symmetry classification, order of band crossing, m-fold rotational symmetry, correlation functions, critical exponents, scaling laws, and renormalization group approach. We first classify higher-order Dirac models according to the time-reversal, particle-hole, and chiral symmetries, and determine the even–oddness of the order of band crossing in each symmetry class. The even–oddness further constrains the rotational symmetry m permitted in a symmetry class. Expressing the topological invariant in terms of a momentum space integration over a curvature function, the order of band crossing determines the critical exponent of the curvature function, as well as that of the Wannier state correlation function introduced through the Fourier transform of the curvature function. The conservation of topological invariant further yields a scaling law between critical exponents. In addition, a renormalization group approach based on deforming the curvature function is demonstrated for all dimensions and symmetry classes. Through clarification of how the critical quantities, including the jump of the topological invariant and critical exponents, depend on the nonspatial and the rotational symmetry, our work introduces the notion of universality class into the description of topological phase transitions.
Quantum repeaters based on two species trapped ions
Authors: Santra Siddhartha , Muralidharan Sreraman , Lichtman Martin , Jiang Liang , Monroe Christopher , Malinovsky Vladimir S 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We examine the viability of quantum repeaters based on two-species trapped ion modules for long-distance quantum key distribution. Repeater nodes comprised of ion-trap modules of co-trapped ions of distinct species are considered. The species used for communication qubits has excellent optical properties while the other longer lived species serves as a memory qubit in the modules. Each module interacts with the network only via single photons emitted by the communication ions. Coherent Coulomb interaction between ions is utilized to transfer quantum information between the communication and memory ions and to achieve entanglement swapping between two memory ions. We describe simple modular quantum repeater architectures realizable with the ion-trap modules and numerically study the dependence of the quantum key distribution rate on various experimental parameters, including coupling efficiency, gate infidelity, operation time and length of the elementary links. Our analysis suggests crucial improvements necessary in a physical implementation for co-trapped two-species ions to be a competitive platform in long-distance quantum communication.
Landau damping in cilyndrical inhomogeneous plasmas
Authors: Hoyos Jaime H , Valencia Jose A , Ramirez Sebastian 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We study the Landau damping for electromagnetic waves in a inhomogeneous cylindrical plasma in the presence of a strong axial magnetic field. For this task we use the kinetic theory for plasmas. This kind of phenomena can not be studied using only macroscopic fluid models. The results of our work can be relevant to identify the behavior of different electromagnetic normal modes propagating through the system, in particular, the energy of the damped modes can be transferred to the plasma particles through resonant interactions and according to the mode polarization can be used in modern particle accelerators based in plasmas.
Modeling, simulation and test of the heat flow in a liquid nitrogen cryostat for Mössbauer spectroscopy
Authors: Gutiérrez N A , Velásquez A A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this work, we present a heat flow analysis for a conceptual design of an open cycle liquid nitrogen cryostat with application in Mössbauer spectroscopy. Initially, we made a study of the different configurations of Dewar type cryostats reported in the literature. These configurations are based on existing designs and the Mössbauer spectrometer requirements of the Instrumentation and Spectroscopy Laboratory at Universidad EAFIT in Medellín. From this study, we establish our own conceptual design. A first heat flow analysis in stationary state was calculated to obtain the dimensions of the reservoir vessel. The heat flow model obtained predicted an adequate evaporation time of the liquid nitrogen for the acquisition of Mössbauer spectra. For this model we employed the Fourier’s law, the heat flow by radiation in grey bodies and the properties of 304 stainless steel, 6061 aluminium alloy and OFHC copper. In consequence, the mechanical design of the cryostat was defined and the new heat loads associated with it were added to the initial model. Finally, the prototype was built, the model was tested and some final corrections were made.
Characterization of the corrosion products of one of the pedestrian paths of the bridge “Punto Cero” in the city of Medellin, Colombia
Authors: Velásquez A. A. , Jaramillo Raquejo D. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this work, we present the structural and magnetic characterization of the rust products formed on one of the pedestrian paths of the bridge “Punto Cero” of the city of Medellín, Colombia. The rust products were obtained by scraping three zones of the surface of the pedestrian path, namely: a surface that faces the sky, a surface that faces the floor of the path and a surface with a crack, where a high corrosion state was observed. The rusts were characterized by X-ray Diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, room temperature Mössbauer Spectroscopy and Vibrating Sample Magnetometry. The analyses made by these techniques show that the rust products formed on the surfaces facing the sky and floor are composed mainly by goethite, lepidocrocite and maghemite, in percentages of 74%, 24% and 2% respectively, while the rust taken from the more corroded substrate presented 55% of goethite, 28% of lepidocrocite and 17% maghemite. Mössbauer and X-ray measurements were highly consistent with the percentages of each phase found in all rusts. The results suggest that in addition to the type of steel and the atmospheric conditions which the structure is exposed, the specific location of some surfaces plays an important role in the type and percentage of phase formed on them, being higher the presence of spinel phase in the zones more prone to moisture accumulation. On the other hand, the formation of maghemite could be an indication of an important state of corrosion of some surfaces, which could serve as a guide to start preventive maintenance actions on the structure.
Nanocomposite rGO@TiO2 Supported on Fique Fibers for Photocatalytic Degradation of Dyes
Authors: Lorena Barajas-Rueda Yeimi , Lizeth Pinzón-Martínez Martha , Gutierrez Nelson , Díaz German , Marina Ballesteros-Rueda Luz , Cabanzo Rafael , Mejía-Ospino Enrique 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
By means of ultrasonic and cationic treatment, the surface of the fiber was adapted to maximize the support of the nanocomposite rGO@TiO2; which had a previous preparation and subsequent anchoring to the fibers by chemical reduction in times of immersion. The fibers were subjected to characterization by FTIR spectroscopy, while in the nanomaterial obtained was verified the deposition of the nanocomposite by means of scanning electron microscopy SEM, as well as the change in the value of the bandgap for TiO2 by UV-spectroscopy. In order to evaluate the photo-degradative activity of the rGO@TiO2 / Fique catalyst, we used Methylene Blue (MB). The experiments were carried out using sunlight that allowed obtain a degradation efficiency of approximately 99 % in two hours.
Comparison of Bi
2
S
3 and Ta
2
O
5 as alternative materials to gold in nanoparticles used as agents to increase the dose in radiotherapy
Authors: Alejo-Martinez Harley , Sevilla-Moreno Andrés C. , Ondo-Mendéz Alejandro , Quintero Jorge H. , Páez Carlos J. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Radiotherapy is an essential component in the treatment of all types of cancer. Radiotherapy uses ionizing radiation to destroy tumor tissue while reducing the damage to normal tissue as much as possible. In this work we study the effects of the spherical Bi
2
S
3 and Ta
2
O
5 nanoparticles (NPs) used as a radio-sensitization agent to increase local doses around the nanoparticle in a water medium. For low energy X-rays the dominant interaction is the photoelectric effect, which involves the absorption of a photon and the subsequent production of photoelectrons, characteristic X-rays and Auger electrons. Using a GEANT4 based simulation was determined the kinetic energy spectra of secondary electrons produced by the interaction of X-ray beam and Au, Bi
2
S
3 and Ta
2
O
5 NPs, after that was calculated the interaction processes, energy deposited, absorbed dose and the effective range distributions for the secondary electrons generated by the interaction of 100 million incident photons in the nanoparticles. The size of the nanoparticles was 20 nm and the energy distribution of the photons corresponds to the spectrum of a tube of x-rays with Tungsten anode and a peak voltage applied of 40 kV. This study demonstrates that Bi
2
S
3 and Ta
2
O
5 NPs are a viable alternative to Au NPs as a dose enhancing agent in radiotherapy.
The mind-mapping learning model in the robotics course
Authors: Ismara KI , Asmara A , H Sigit P , Asnawi R 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This paper aims to describe the mind-mapping learning model employed in the Robotics course and the results of its learning process. Used the classroom action research, the study was conducted in four meetings in the Electrical Engineering Education Department of the Faculty of Engineering Yogyakarta State University (YSU). The research participants were 21 students of the Robotics course. The data were collected by questionnaires and tests, the pre-and post-test, and analyzed descriptively. The results stated that the mind-mapping learning model, which was delivered in form of videos, could increase students’ understanding of the Robotics course with an average score of 3.6 out of the 4.0-Likert scale. The average post-test score indicating the students’ mastery learning of Robotics was 92.
Driving control module for low cost industrial automated guided vehicle
Authors: Maarif ES , Moyo T 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Automatic Guided Vehicles (AGVs) are computer-controlled “driverless” mobile vehicles equipped with optical, magnetic or laser guidance systems for automated functionality, categorized as either load carrying or load towing. AGV consists of several parts, such as the frame for pulling or lifting weights, movement balancer wheels, battery housing, collision avoidance sensors, driving module and others. But, the most important part of AGV is the driving module which is a module that functions as a movement guide, consisting of path detection sensors, driving motors and controllers. This Paper presents low cost a driving control module for low cost AGV that used in automotive manufacture industry. The AGV uses Raspberry Pi instead of PLC as controller, infrared sensor to detect line and industrial standard brushless DC (BLDC) motor as main actuator. PID control applied in the movement of the BLDC motor speed so that the AGV can follow the path smoothly and precisely. As a result, the AGV can follow the path with speed 30 m/min on a straight road and 30 m/m at a turn with a deviation 5 mm off the track.
The implementation of resource-based learning to improve creativity in developing Yogyakarta batik motif
Authors: Asiatun K , Widarwati S , Sugiyem  , Bestari AG 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This study aims to 1) investigate the implementation of Resource-Based Learning (RBL) in Batiking Course, and 2) identify RBL’s impacts on students’ creativity in developing the motifs of Yogyakartan batik. The method employed in this study was Classroom Action Research proposed by Kemmis and McTaggart, involving a cycle of planning, observing, and reflecting. This research was carried out in Fashion Design and Hospitality Education Department, Faculty of Engineering, Yogyakarta State University in the 2017/2018 academic year, from January to June 2018, with 36 students from Fashion Design Study Program participating as the research subjects. The instruments were tested for content validity and the items proved properly designed, while the reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha, resulting in an alpha value of 0.525, showing that the instrument items could be used. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results of this study show that 1) the implementation of RBL in Batiking Course has been carried out in 2 cycles, consisting of Introduction, Main Activities, and Closing, and 2) in the Pre-Cycle, Cycle I, and Cycle II phases, the mean scores of the students’ creativity are 29 (less creative), 37 (creative), and 47 (very creative) respectively. Therefore, the number of creative students in this implementation has increased from only 28% to 94%.