bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Common Urologic Complications on the Risk of a Periprosthetic Joint Infection
Authors: Punjani Nahid , Lanting Brent , McClure J. Andrew , Winick-Ng Jennifer , Welk Blayne 
Published: September 2018

Background:
Periprosthetic infections after total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are substantial complications, and there are conflicting reports of their association with urologic complications. Our objective was to determine whether urinary tract infection (UTI) and acute urinary retention (AUR) are significant risk factors for joint infections after THA or TKA.

Methods:
We performed a population-based, retrospective cohort study of patients who were ≥66 years old when they underwent an initial THA or TKA between April 2003 and March 2013. Investigated exposures included a UTI presenting for treatment within 2 years after joint replacement, as well as AUR within 30 days after THA or TKA. The primary outcome was joint infection requiring hospital admission following THA or TKA (which had to occur within 2.25 years after THA or TKA for the UTI exposure or 120 days for the AUR exposure).

Results:
A total of 113,061 patients met the inclusion criteria and had arthroplasties (44,495 THAs and 68,566 TKAs) during the study period. The median age was 74 years (interquartile range [IQR], 70 to 79 years). Of those patients, 28,256 (25.0%) had at least 1 UTI and they were more likely to be older and female; to have had previous antibiotic exposure, cystoscopy, or urinary retention; and to have atrial fibrillation. Most of those UTIs were coded as nonspecific UTI, and the patient was seen for outpatient treatment in a non-emergency department setting. A total of 2,516 patients (2.2%) had AUR within 30 days of the procedure. Those patients were more likely to be older and male, to have medical comorbidities, to have had previous transurethral procedures or cystoscopy and previous urology visits, and to have received a general anesthetic during their procedure. A total of 1,262 patients (1.1%) had joint infection requiring hospital admission. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, UTI was associated with an increased risk of joint infection (hazard ratio [HR], 1.21 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.14 to 1.28]; p < 0.01). However multivariate analysis did not demonstrate an association between AUR and joint infection (HR, 0.99 [95% CI, 0.60 to 1.64]; p = 0.98).

Conclusions:
UTI was associated with increased risk of hip or knee periprosthetic joint infection, whereas AUR was not a significant risk factor. Timely and appropriate treatment of symptomatic UTIs in this patient population may be important to prevent periprosthetic joint infection.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
The Effect of Local Versus Intravenous Corticosteroids on the Likelihood of Dysphagia and Dysphonia Following Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion
Authors: Jenkins Tyler James , Nair Rueben , Bhatt Surabhi , Rosenthal Brett David , Savage Jason W. , Hsu Wellington K. , Patel Alpesh A. 
Published: September 2018

Background:
Dysphagia and dysphonia are the most common postoperative complications following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). Although most postoperative dysphagia is mild and transient, severe dysphagia can have profound effects on overall patient health and on surgical outcomes. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of local to intravenous (IV) steroid administration during ACDF on postoperative dysphagia and dysphonia.

Methods:
This was a single-blinded, prospective, randomized clinical trial. Seventy-five patients undergoing ACDF with cervical plating were randomized into 3 groups: control (no steroid), IV steroid (10 mg of IV dexamethasone at the time of closure), or local steroid (40 mg of local triamcinolone). Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) were collected for dysphagia, dysphonia, and neck pain postoperatively for 1 year.

Results:
Patient demographics were similar. Postoperative day 1 PROMs showed significantly lower scores for dysphonia (p = 0.015) and neck pain (p = 0.034) in the local steroid group. At 2 weeks postoperatively, the local steroid cohort showed significantly decreased prevalence of severe dysphagia (Eating Assessment Tool-10 [EAT-10], severe dysphagia, p = 0.027) compared with the control and IV steroid groups. Both steroid groups had significantly less severe dysphagia when compared with the control group at the 6-week and 3-month time points. At 1 year postoperatively, both steroid groups had significantly reduced dysphagia rates (p = 0.014) compared with the control group.

Conclusions:
Both local and IV steroid administration after cervical plating in ACDF yielded better PROMs for dysphagia compared with a control group. This finding is particularly evident in the reduced number of patients who reported severe dysphagia symptoms following ACDF with local steroid application within the first 2 postoperative weeks. Future studies should attempt to stratify dysphagia severity when reporting outcomes related to anterior cervical spine surgery.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Fixation Strategy Using Sequential Intraoperative Examination Under Anesthesia for Unstable Lateral Compression Pelvic Ring Injuries Reliably Predicts Union with Minimal Displacement
Authors: Avilucea Frank R. , Archdeacon Michael T. , Collinge Cory A. , Sciadini Marcus , Sagi H. Claude , Mir Hassan R. 
Published: September 2018

Background:
Examination under anesthesia (EUA) has been used to identify pelvic instability. Surgeons may utilize percutaneous methods for posterior and anterior pelvic ring stabilization. We developed an intraoperative strategy whereby posterior fixation is performed, with reassessment using sequential EUA to determine the need for anterior fixation. Our aim in the current study was to evaluate whether this strategy reliably results in union with minimal displacement.

Methods:
This was a multicenter retrospective study involving adult patients with closed lateral compression (LC) pelvic ring injuries treated during the period of 2013 to 2016. Included were patients who underwent percutaneous pelvic fixation based on sequential EUA. Data points included patient demographics, injury and fixation details, and displacement as observed on follow-up radiographs.

Results:
Complete documentation was available for 74 patients (mean age, 41 years). The mean duration of follow was 11 months. Fifty-three of the patients had LC-1 injuries, 19 had LC-2 injuries, and 2 had LC-3 injuries. Twenty-five (47.2%) of the 53 patients with LC-1 and 11 (57.9%) of the 19 patients with LC-2 injuries did not undergo anterior fixation on the basis of the algorithm. The 36 LC-1 or LC-2 patients who underwent combined anterior and posterior fixation had no measurable displacement at union. Of the 36 LC-1 or LC-2 patients with no anterior fixation, 27 with unilateral rami fractures had no measurable displacement at union. The remaining 9 LC-1 or LC-2 cases with no anterior fixation had bilateral superior and inferior rami fractures; each of these patients demonstrated displacement (mean, 7.5 mm; range, 5 to 12 mm) within 6 weeks of fixation that remained until union. All patients had protected weight-bearing for 12 weeks.

Conclusions:
A fixation strategy based on sequential intraoperative EUA reliably results in union with minimal displacement for unstable LC pelvic ring injuries. Injuries requiring combined anterior and posterior fixation healed with no displacement. Those without anterior fixation and a unilateral ramus fracture healed with no displacement. In the presence of bilateral rami fractures, even with a negative finding on sequential EUA, the pelvis healed with 7.5 mm average displacement. Surgeons may consider anterior fixation to prevent this displacement.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Sustainability Marketing Tourism pada Kampung Wisata
Authors: Cahyanti Mega Mirasaputri , Iliyawati Wachidatuz Zuhria 
Published: September 2018

This study aims to determine the effect of the concept of green marketing to influence tourists' intentions to avoid future damage for new rural tourism. Meanwhile, quantitative research method used in this research, and also this research type was descriptive research, sampling technique used was incidental purposive sampling that was tourists on rural tourism like “Kampung Wisata in Malang” as much as 200 tourists. Analysis technique using regression analysis. The result of this research was green product, green promotion, people, price, and physical evidence had significant effect to intention to maintain the sustainability of rural tourism. But procedure and place had no significant effect to intention to maintain the sustainability of rural tourism. Research implications was that the managers of “Kampung Wisata” add the tourism agenda related to environmental sustainability, the use of promotional media that was eco-green, increasing the involvement of local residents and adding facilities related to environmental sustainability.
Statistical evaluation of the quality of working life of employees in the russian federation
Authors: Zholudeva Vera V. , Melnichenko Nadezhda F. 
Published: September 2018

Quality of life is one of the most important characteristics that reflects a comprehensive description of the level and living conditions. Nowadays quality of working life is an integral feature of “Quality of Life”. Quality of working life identifies working conditions and labor management. The quality of working life allows us to determine the working conditions, its organization from the perspective of the optimal realization of the abilities of employees.The article analyzes the domestic approaches to the definition and evaluation of the quality of working life. The conducted research allowed the authors to draw the following conclusions: the quality of working life is characterized by a multitude of indicators, and the required condition for studying the quality of working life is the development of techniques that allow the evaluation of the studied category.The goal is to evaluate the quality of working life in Russia.Methods. A number of indicators are presented to estimate the quality of working life of employees in the Russian Federation. According to the authors, those indicators are employment, labor safety, work safety, salary, and competence level and workforce productivity. The analysis that is based on data from Federal State Statistics Service has been done in view of gender factors and federal district differences. According to this analysis, the general part of workforce has jobs with harmful or dangerous working conditions. Extractive and process industries are considered the most hazardous.The article describes the method of integrated assessment of working life quality, based on the study of social and labor sphere of the Federal districts of Russia. Based on this author’s method, the integral indicators of the quality of working life of the population of the Russian Federation in the context of Federal districts are calculated and analyzed and the rating of each of them is determined.Results. The article notes that the quality of working life reflects not only the working conditions and its payment, but also the relations in the working collective, the motivation of the personnel to work. The most important motivational factors and characteristics of the socio-psychological climate of the enterprise are determined. The set of indicators, proposed by the authors and the methods of assessing the quality of the working life of the population can be useful to local governments for determining the rating of the quality of working life of officers in municipalities, and thus for making various managerial decisions.
Evaluación de la sustentabilidad del sistema milpa en el estado de Tlaxcala, México
Authors: Sánchez Morales Primo , Romero Arenas Omar 
Published: September 2018

El objetivo del estudio es efectuar una evaluación comparativa de la sustentabilidad de dos sistema de producción: a) sistema milpa tradicional y b) sistema de maíz en monocultivo. Para conocer las fortalezas y las debilidades se calculó el tamaño de la muestra (n=380) a partir de la población de productores de maíz, N=29 828. La metodología fue construida desde una perspectiva agroecológica: se aplicó el Marco para la Evaluación de Sistemas de Manejo de Recursos Naturales incorporando indicadores de sustentabilidad y se consideró la escala temporal transversal en el ciclo primavera-verano 2014 en el estado de Tlaxcala, México. Se establecieron 15 indicadores, en los que se abarcaron las dimensiones social, económica y ambiental. Los resultados muestran que solo en un indicador económico, el sistema monocultivo obtuvo el valor más alto; en dos indicadores los valores son similares (balance oferta/demanda de grano y zacate e impacto de políticas agrícolas); en el resto, los resultados favorecieron al sistema milpa. En tres de estos, la diferencia es mayor a 35 puntos porcentuales: relación beneficio/costo, eficiencia en uso de energía fósil y agrodiversidad. Se concluye que en el sistema milpa es favorable la asociación de cultivos, se aprovecha de mejor manera el espacio y los energéticos fósiles empleados y se produce mayor diversidad de alimento humano. Sin embargo, hace falta integrar otros cultivos y prácticas que hagan más sustentables ambos sistemas de producción.
AS REGRAS VIGENTES DE PROTEÇÃO INTELECTUAL COMO ÓBICE AO DESENVOLVIMENTO NACIONAL
Authors: Escobar Marcelo Ricardo 
Published: September 2018

As regras vigentes de proteção da propriedade intelectual, da maneira como se encontram, são um óbice a um desenvolvimento mais acelerado, motivo pelo qual se propõe um modelo alternativo, de remuneração piramidal, que independe da autorização do detentor dos direitos, visando a melhoria do desenvolvimento regional, tanto da economia, quanto na qualidade de vida ante a velocidade com que produtos mais modernos e eficazes estariam disponíveis à sociedade.
O CARÁTER COMUNITÁRIO DA CONSTITUIÇÃO FEDERAL DE 1988 SOB A PERSPECTIVA DOS INSTRUMENTOS DE CONCRETIZAÇÃO DAS NORMAS CONSTITUCIONAIS: MANDADO DE INJUNÇÃO E AÇÃO DIRETA DE INCONSTITUCIONALIDADE POR OMISSÃO
Authors: Mello Luciana Ferreira 
Published: September 2018

A proposta do presente artigo é apresentar as quatro principais correntes acerca da justiça presentes no debate teórico no âmbito da filosofia política, sendo elas: os liberais contratualistas por meio da análise da obra “Uma teoria de Justiça” de John Rawls, na sequencia, os demais autores que apresentam críticas a esta obra e desenvolvem suas teorias a partir dela; os libertários através da análise de Robert Nozick; apresentar os ensinamentos de Jürgen Habermas a respeito da corrente crítica deliberativa, e, por último, mediante a análise da obra de Michael Sandel apresentar em síntese a doutrina comunitarista. Na sequência, busca-se, lançando mão dos estudos de Gisele Guimarães Cittadino apresentar a doutrina comunitarista brasileira apontando alguns aspectos que demonstram o caráter comunitarista da Constituição Federal de 1988, principalmente, com ênfase na preocupação com a concretização dos direitos fundamentais previstos no texto constitucional. Por fim, será realizada uma breve dos instrumentos de concretização constitucional, desde a análise das propostas constituintes referentes ao Mandado de Injunção e à ADIN por omissão, instrumentos que identificam o caráter comunitarista da Carta Magna vigente.
Competencia clínica de médicos mexicanos de atención primaria para manejar osteoporosis
Authors: Cabrera-Pivaral Carlos Enrique , Orozco-Valerio María De Jesús , Báez-Báez María Guadalupe Laura , Covarrubias-Bermúdez María De los Angeles , Zavala-González Marco Antonio 
Published: September 2018

Introducción: Al menos 21 millones de personas tienen osteoporosis en México, donde se ha evidenciado desconocimiento de los médicos de atención primaria sobre esta enfermedad, pero no se han evaluado mediante instrumentos apropiados las competencias clínicas para el manejo de esta.
Objetivo: Evaluar la competencia clínica de una muestra de médicos mexicanos de atención primaria para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la osteoporosis.
Método: Estudio transversal en una muestra de 5 de 23 unidades médicas familiares del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social en Jalisco, México. Se diseñó y validó un instrumento que evalúa la competencia clínica en cinco dimensiones: identificación de factores de riesgo, identificación de datos clínicos, interpretación de pruebas diagnósticas, integración diagnóstica y utilización de recursos terapéuticos; que clasifica el nivel de competencia en cinco estratos: definido por el azar, muy bajo, bajo, regular y alto; con una fiabilidad de 91%. Se obtuvieron estadísticas descriptivas e inferenciales.
Resultados: 144 médicos, 53.5% (n= 76) masculinos y 46.5% (n = 68) femeninos. Nivel de competencia definido por el azar 16.7% (n = 24), muy bajo 20.8% (n = 30), bajo 28.5% (n = 41), regular 20.8% (n = 30) y alto 13.2% (n = 19). No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas al comparar las medianas entre unidades médicas (p = 0.53).
Conclusiones: Es necesario mejorar el nivel de competencia clínica de los médicos de atención primaria para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la osteoporosis. Se requieren estudios de intervención.
Donación voluntaria de cadáveres en India: percepciones de estudiantes de primer año de medicina
Authors: Kumar Ghosh Sanjib , Chakraborty Soumya 
Published: September 2018

Introducción: La donación corporal ha surgido como la fuente preferida de cadáveres humanos en todo el mundo para la educación anatómica como las escuelas de medicina de todo el mundo están haciendo hincapié en la adquisición de ética de cadáveres humanos porque un neo-modelo de educación anatómica está evolucionando en todo el mundo. En algunos países, hay un regalo desinteresado de un cuerpo humano, para el beneficio de la educación médica y de la sociedad. En contraste, hay países, como la India, donde la donación de cadáver programas tienen un montón de problemas y las escuelas de medicina siguen utilizando cadáveres no reclamados por los estudios anatómicos, planteando preocupaciones éticas.
Objetivo: El presente estudio se emprendió para descubrir los factores prevalentes en la sociedad india que afectan adversamente a la salud de los programas de legado en el país.
Método: Se realizó un estudio basado en un cuestionario que incluía una muestra representativa de estudiantes de primer año de medicina.
Resultados: Aunque se observó que el 74,5% de los encuestados eran conscientes de la escasez de órganos humanos para la enseñanza de la anatomía en las facultades de medicina india y el 52% respondió a favor de la donación de sus órganos en el futuro, sin embargo, sólo el 6,1% de sus parientes habían tomado la misma decisión.
Conclusiones: El análisis de las observaciones del estudio ayudó a identificar los factores específicos que afectan negativamente a los resultados de los programas de donación de órganos en el país y los autores formularon algunas recomendaciones para mejorar la situación. La percepción de esta realidad religiosa, en un escenario de educación médica, debe considerarse.
Disección virtual en la enseñanza de anatomía: percepción de los estudiantes en una universidad peruana
Authors: Paredes-Orue Richar , Coaquira-Mamani Juan , Sierra-Delgado Magnolia , Moreno-Loaiza Oscar 
Published: September 2018

La enseñanza de la anatomía humana ha sido siempre un pilar en la formación médica. Desde sus origenes el método de enseñanza de la anatomía estaba basado en la disección cadavérica.
Resolvendo Problemas de Juros Compostos utilizando a Regra da Falsa Posição Dupla
Authors: Martins de Assis Carlos Alberto 
Published: September 2018

[PT] No presente artigo, será apresentado um breve histórico sobre onde e como surgiram os juros. Será comentado sobre o surgimento do número e e sobre a criação dos logaritmos, pois, ambos estão “entrelaçados”. Finalmente, será mostrado que o resgate do método da regra da falsa posição dupla pode ser útil na resolução de problemas de juros compostos.
[EN] In this paper, a brief history will be presented on where and how the interest emerged. Will be discussed on the rise in the number and the creation of logarithms, because both are “intertwined”. Finally, it will be shown that the rescue of the method of rule of double false position can be helpful in solving compound interest problems.[ES] En este artículo, una breve história se presentará en dónde y cómo surgió el interés. Se discutirá sobre el aumento en el número y la creación de los logaritmos, porque ambos están “entrelazados”. Por último, se muestra que el rescate del método de la regla de doble posición falsa puede ser útil en la solución de problemas de interés compuesto.
SOFTWARE LIVRE
Authors: Andrade da Silva Evandro 
Published: September 2018

Com a popularização do computador e o acesso à internet através do computador pessoal, cada vez mais se tem acesso a um enorme conteúdo de sites, nos quais a cultura e a informação estão ás vistas de todos.
Existem os Partidários, que devem ser elogiados, que ao mencionarem dispositivo constitucional no qual explicita que a informação é um direito de todo brasileiro, portanto o direito autoral, segundo alguns doutrinadores ficaria prejudicado diante daquele preceito constitucional de que todos têm direito à informação e à cultura na grande rede.
Recentemente até vimos novas regras com relação à propaganda eleitoral quebrando paradigmas e extrapolando o que dantes a lei colocava numa coleira ou numa redoma, agora poderão ser livremente tratados através de propaganda eleitoral, mas, na grande rede. Fala-se tanto em software livre, opensource, freeware, shareware e várias outras definições, mas a grande maioria não sabe de seu direito e quais são os direitos de seus originadores, programadores e o que estes imputam aos usuários.
PERANAN PEREMPUAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN KESEJAHTERAAN EKONOMI KELUARGA (STUDI TENTANG PERANAN PETUGAS K3L PEREMPUAN UNIVERSITAS PADJADJARAN JATINANGOR (ZONA: REKTORAT))
Authors: Bunsaman Shafila Mardiana , Taftazani Budi Muhammad 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peranan perempuan dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan keluarga para petugas K3L (Kebersihan, Kenyamanan, Keindahan Lingkungan) Universitas Padjadjaran Jatinangor dan juga untuk mengetahui motivasi apa saja yang membuat perempuan memiliki keinginan untuk bekerja. Metode yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif serta metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan melalui wawancara mendalam, buku referensi dan juga penelitian-penelitian terhadulu. Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan menyatakan bahwa peranan perempuan dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan ekonomi keluarga K3L terbagi menjadi dua peran, yang pertama adalah peran perempuan di dalam keluarga, diantaranya adalah peranan sebagai seorang ibu dan juga peranan sebagai pendamping suami. Yang kedua adalah peranan perempuan di luar keluarga yaitu sebagai pencari nafkah. Para perempuan ini bekerja untuk dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan ekonomi keluarga. ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the role of women in improving the family welfare of the K3L officers of Universitas Padjadjaran Jatinangor and also to find out what motivation makes women have the desire to work. The method used in this research is qualitative descriptive and data collection methods used through in-depth interviews, reference books and also research studies. The result of the research shows that the role of women in improving the economic welfare of K3L family is divided into two roles, the first is the role of women in the family, such as the role of a mother and also the role of the husband's companion. The second is the role of women outside the family as the breadwinner. These women work to improve the economic welfare of the family.