bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MEASUREMENT OF THE CONSISTENCY OF PATELLA-TENDON-BEARING MODIFICATION USING CAD
Authors: O'Byrne Marie , McFadyen Angus K , Hannett Dominic , McGarry Anthony 
Published: January 2019

Study design: Pilot studyBackground: Computer aided design (CAD) is now commonly used in prosthetic clinical practice. To create a patellar tendon bearing (PTB) socket, further modification of the transtibial shape is required. Objectives: To investigate the consistency of transtibial shape modification for a PTB socket design using CAD.Methods: 13 transtibial models with marked anatomical landmarks were made, each linked to a fictitious patient history. Three clinicians were asked to complete modification for a PTB socket with suspension sleeve at weekly intervals over the course of three weeks. Measurements were recorded at landmarks and compared for intra and inter reliability.Results: Clinicians showed high intraclass and interclass correlation (ICC) values with narrow confidence intervals for the tibial tubercle, medial and lateral flares and distal end of the tibia. One clinician demonstrated moderate intra rater reliability for modification over the patellar tendon. All other ICC values for the patellar tendon and fibular head modification were low. Inter rater reliability was not calculated for fibular head and patellar tendon as intra ICC values should be above 0.6.Conclusions: All clinicians showed good consistency at tibial tubercle, distal tibia, medial and lateral flares. Patellar tendon (0.345< ICC < 0.641) and fibular head (0.165< ICC < 0.513) showed poorer consistency and require improvement.
LAYMAN’S ABSTRACT Computer aided design (CAD) is now commonly used to create artificial limbs. However, the shape of the amputated limb is captured when the patient is sitting down and therefore requires further adjustment. Modification of the shape is carried out by clinicians using a range on on-screen tools to remove and add material to the virtual model.This study aims to investigate the consistency of clinicians when making these modifications. A range of 13 below the knee amputation models were made, each linked to a made-up patient history. Three clinicians were asked to randomly complete modification three times on each model at weekly intervals over the course of three weeks. Measurements were recorded at landmarks and compared.Clinicians showed high reliability values for most landmark positions. However, modification was less reliable over important areas such as the patellar tendon and fibular head. Errors in such areas could potentially cause discomfort to the artificial limb wearer and greater consistency is required. This is only an initial study and further work is required to confirm results.
ARTICLE PDF LINK: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/cpoj/article/view/30006/22878
How to cite: O'Byrne M, McFadyen A K, Hannett D, McGarry A. Measurement of The Consistency of Patella-Tendon-Bearing Modification Using CAD. Canadian Prosthetics & Orthotics Journal, Volume 1, Issue 1, No 2, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33137/cpoj.v1i1.30006
The Changing Society And The Role of Indonesia Defense University As Country Defense Axis
Authors: Mundayat Aris Arif 
Published: January 2019

<p><br />This study discusses the concept of defending the country in by considering the context of the development of Indonesian society in the global era and democracy. The diversity of consciousness that arise therefore, are challenge for Indonesia. This qualitative research-based study found that the various phenomena mentioned above are essentially challenge to the interests of the state because they de territorialize the logic of state territorialism, through the form of postnationalist logical thinking. This study is an attempt to define the role of the Indonesian Defense University to form the Axis of State Defense as a strategic network to respond the dynamic of socio-political consciousness constructively. This study contributes a number of important academic concepts to be discussed and further developed.</p><p><span>Keywords: Defense the country; Ideology; Globalization, Faithology; Post-nationalist </span></p>
The Implementation of State Defense Values to Strengthen Border Community in Dealing with The Threat of Proxy War: Case Study of Sungai Limau Village, Central Sebatik Sub-District, Nunukan District, North Kalimantan Province
Authors: Wahyudi Wahyudi 
Published: January 2019

<p>Conditions of border area village of Sungai Limau, District Central Sebatik Nunukan Regency, North Kalimantan province was geographically adjacent to the neighbour country Malaysia and the existence of two community groups who are different, both ethnically and religiously, have become challenges in the social life in Borderland area. From the aspect of Defense Studies, the dynamics could be potential targets of the Proxy War through the Border Region. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the implementation of Bela Negara (state defense) values to address it. This study aims to analyze the form in implementing the state defense values of the state defense in the border village of Sungai Limau in facing various challenges such as the susceptible threat of proxy war, using an analysis tool of the Bela Negara conception (State Defense) and Proxy War and Conception of Frontier Society. This study uses a qualitative method by collecting data obtains from interviews, observation, and literature. The result shows that the implementation of the state defense values among the frontier communities in Sungai Limau has the potential to be developed into power in the form of attitudes and practices of national and state awareness and place Pancasila as the state ideology and means of unifying societies that is reflected in the daily life. This can be a social capital to address the threats of proxy war in the border area.</p><p><span>Keywords: State defense; Proxy War; Frontier Community. </span><br /><span> </span><br /><span> </span></p>
CONVERTING THEORY AND WAR DOCTRINE TO REALISTIC TRAINING FOR ENSURING THE SUCCESS OF MILITARY CAMPAIGN PLANNING
Authors: Ahlawat Alok , B. Mohd Bakar Bahaizil Nazim , Barter Steven , Al Subaie Fahad B. , O’Hara Steven , Slayton Caleb 
Published: January 2019

<p><span lang="EN-GB">Military campaigns in the 21<sup>st</sup> Century are extremely complex multi-dimensional undertakings. In today’s globalized reality, influence of wars will go beyond the theatre of operations into issues of international economy, human migration, airspace and sea lanes, thus adding new dimensions to campaign planning.<span> </span>Converting theory and doctrine to practice is never easy.<span> </span>Realistic training may be the best bridge to ensure that classroom knowledge is correctly applied to the real battlefield.<span> </span>This paper looks at this challenge through the combined experience of six foreign exchange students who graduated from Indonesia’s Air Command and Staff College, 2018.<span> </span>The purpose of this paper is to highlight some of the challenges to campaign planning, especially in light of multinational influences, extract lessons learned from recent military campaigns and then provide feedback for Indonesia’s wargaming training methodology as practiced in the air command and staff college.<span> </span>The foundation to Indonesia’s wargaming exercises is the 14-step Military Decision Making Process (MDMP).<span> </span>MDMP in its general form is part of the campaign planning processes for the authors’ respective countries too, varying only in the sequence and emphasis on steps and tasks within the process and strategies for exercising the process.<span> </span>This paper will conclude that even the most theoretically sound campaign planning process would lead to operational failure, unless critical thinking &amp; planning abilities are developed in upcoming military leaders through a sound understanding of theory, realistic wargaming, and deep analysis. This requires realistic training in an open learning environment, and a willingness to analyse one’s own country-specific mistakes and successes.</span></p>
THE ROLE OF THE TNI NAVY’S HYDRO-OCEANOGRAPHIC CENTRE IN MANAGING SUSTAINABLE FISHERIES (A STUDY ON PROVIDING HYDROGRAPHIC DATA FOR MANAGING SUSTAINABLE FISHERY)
Authors: Nasution Anta Maulana 
Published: January 2019

<p><span><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Indonesia is a rich country who has many natural resources, especially marine resource. To achieve<span> </span>good and sustainable marine resource management will need marine science as a tool such as hydrography. Nowaday, hydrography is often looked only for creating sea map or nautical chart for navigation. Whereas, if we look deeper about hydrography, it has a key role in fisheries resources management especially for fishermen which is hydrography can be a main support for sustainable fisheries and enhancing economic value. This paper explains about the role of hydrography in supporting economic value for fishermen and sustainable fisheries resource in installation fish aggregating devices (FADs), solving fishermen conflicts, and fisheries port. First, key role in installation FADs, effective and efficient of FADs is depend on the where FADs is installed. There are some criterias that must be considered for installing FADs such as sea depth, distance between FADs, seabed contour, free from shipping lanes, and oceanographic parameters. Those criterias needs data from Hidrography survey. Second, role of hydrography in conflict resolution by creating special map with clear coordinate points to show the boundary of fishing area that often occuring the conflict of fishermen. Third, role of hydrography to determine appropriate place for establishing fishing port. By doing hydrography survey to collect the field data in building jetty, cruise lanes, and break water port.<span> </span></span></span></span></p>
KONFERENSI JOGJA 1955: SUATU MOMENTUM MENUJU KEBANGKITAN MILITER PRETORIAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Noor, Ph.D Firman 
Published: January 2019

<p><em>Today, Indonesia has enjoyed a limited role of military in politics. But not long time ago, during the New Order Era, the role of military was strong and even omnipresents. This paper wants to trace back the moment that indicates the early stage of the Indonesia military to be independent power, which was also implying the very characteristic of praetorian. From the discussion, we can see that the TNI outlook as one of the powerful body in Indonesia political system evolves gradually. The position of military was in fact at a nadir point when the civilian politicians took control in every aspect of national politics, particularly in the early years of “Liberal Democracy” era. The Jogja conference in 1955 indicates the important shift from professional to be praetorian in Indonesia military history.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords :</em></strong><em> praetorian, civil supremacy, military politics,TNI</em></p>
PERAIRAN BERMASALAH : TANTANGAN MARITIM DI ASIA PASIFIK
Authors: Marsetio Marsetio 
Published: January 2019

<p><em>Asia Pacific is a region with great attractions and also highly dynamic, with its growth and economic pulse that affects economy of the world. High economic growth coupled with regionalism and globalization generates implications the emergence of issues related to maritime security, national borders, disputes on territory rich in resources, environmental issues, transnational organized crimes, natural disasters, and energy and food security. Globalization itself creates new interactions among regional countries as a precondition to solve and face common problems in maritime domain awareness network. Regional Maritime Partnership is a smart choice when regional stability is becoming the goal of all states to maintain regional resilience. Indonesia’s position is unique as the link between two regions (Pacific and Indian Ocean) dependent on each other. Indonesia never recedes in providing the drive for regional stability through balancing strategies without becoming entangled in alliances. Indonesian Navy as a component of national strength participates in the application of national strategy into naval strategy and operationalizing it in diplomacy and multilateral exercises to enhance interoperability among navies in Asia Pacific, especially among ASEAN nations.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><em> Maritime Challenges, Maritime Security, Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA), Regional Maritime Partnership. </em></p>
DAMPAK PEMBERLAKUAN AIR DEFENSE IDENTIFICATION ZONE (ADIZ) CINA TERHADAP KEAMANAN ASIA PASIFIK
Authors: Hidayat Safril 
Published: January 2019

<p><em>Air Defense Identification Zone (ADIZ) atas </em>Pulau Diaoyu/Senkaku oleh Cina pada tanggal 23 November 2013 menimbulkan persoalan tumpang tindih kedaulatan dan mengakibatkan multilateralisasi isu keamanan di Laut Cina Timur. Sebagai konsekuensi atas tindakan Cina tersebut, maka Jepang meningkatkan nasionalisme dan remiliterisasi pasukan bela dirinya. Keputusan dan kebijakan politik luar negeri Cina tersebut dipengaruhi oleh lingkungan internal dan eksternalnya. Kebijakan politik luar negeri memiliki sumber daya internal sebagai input bagi pembuat keputusan yang meliputi determinan internal dan determinan eksternal. Kebijakan Cina ini akan diekplorasi melalui model pembuatan keputusan dalam rangka memahami para pembuat keputusan dan determinan luar negeri yang mempengaruhi dalam proses pengambilan keputusan. Sebagai hasilnya, maka konflik ADIZ yang dilakukan oleh Cina akan menjadi suatu isu <em>‘gun race’ </em>(perlombaan senjata) atau<em>‘tit-for-tat’</em> (gayung bersambut) antara kekuatan-kekuatan dominan dalam sistem internasional. Kebijakan Cina ini juga akan mewujudkan suatu perimbangan kekuatan <em>(balance of power)</em> yang baru dan dilema keamanan <em>(security dilemma) </em>di Laut Cina Timur. Lebih lanjut bila kompromi tidak dapat dicapai di kawasan tersebut, maka Laut Cina Selatan dan Asia Pasifik akan menjadi lapangan konflik yang baru di masa mendatang.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><strong>Kata Kunci - </strong>Kebijakan Luar Negeri, ADIZ Cina, keseimbangan kekuatan, keamanan Asia Pasifik.
PERUBAHAN CORAK TERORISME DI INDONESIA TAHUN 2000 HINGGA TAHUN 2013
Authors: Prasetyo Prasetyo 
Published: January 2019

<p>Kejadian terorisme di Indonesia, terutama di sepanjang 2013, telah mengalami penurunan yang signifikan. Bahkan, hampir tidak ada kejadian teror yang signifikan selama periode waktu ini. Namun, ini tidak berarti bahwa serangan teroris telah berakhir, melainkan diperlukan peningkatan kesadaran karena kegiatan teroris ternyata masih berlangsung, meskipun tersembunyi. Hasil studi perilaku terorisme dengan mengunakan pendekatan sejarah kejadiannya menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan teroris di Indonesia selama periode 2000-an telah mengalami situasi naik turun dan perubahan corak, utamanya dalam bidang pengorganisasian maupun cara perekrutan kadernya, sehingga masyarakat dan para pemangku kepentingan tidak boleh berpuas diri dan lebih meningkatkan upaya kesadaran, pencegahan dan penanggulanganya.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><strong>Kata Kunci</strong>: terorisme, aksi terorisme, Jamaah Islamiyah, penanggulangan terorisme
ANALISIS DAN UPAYA PENYELESAIAN KONFLIK ANTARA WARGA PERBATASAN TIMOR TENGAH UTARA, INDONESIA DENGAN WARGA DISTRIK OECUSSI, TIMOR LESTE PADA 2012-2013
Authors: Raharjo Sandy Nur Ikfal 
Published: January 2019

<p>Konflik antarwarga perbatasan Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara, Indonesia, dengan warga Distrik Oecussi, Timor Leste terjadi lagi pada tahun 2012 dan 2013 dan mengancam keamanan nasional. Jenis konflik antarwarga ini menarik karena tidak terjadi di kawasan perbatasan darat Indonesia lainnya, baik di Pulau Kalimantan maupun Papua. Fokus penelitian terdiri atas dua pertanyaan, yaitu bagaimana analisis terhadap konflik antarwarga tersebut dan bagaimana upaya penyelesaian konflik yang sudah dilakukan. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif yang deskriptif analitis, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa isu belum selesainya delimitasi dan rendahnya tingkat kesejahteraan menjadi faktor struktural penyebab konflik, dimana aktor-aktor yang bermain pun tidak hanya melibatkan unsur pemerintah dan aparat militer, tetapi juga masyarakat sipil. Dalam penyelesaian konflik, upaya pemeliharaan perdamaian<em> </em>berupa penghentian kekerasan dan penciptaan perdamaian<em> </em>berupa negosiasi delimitasi perbatasan sudah dilakukan, sementara pembangunan perdamaian masih belum terlihat. Selain itu, berbagai kebijakan pengelolaan batas wilayah dan pembangunan kawasan perbatasan juga berpotensi berperan mencegah kembali pecahnya konflik.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Kata kunci:</strong> konflik antarwarga, penciptaan perdamaian<em>, </em>penjagaan perdamaian<em>, </em>pembangunan perdamaian, dan perbatasan Indonesia-Timor Leste.</p>
DIPLOMASI PERTAHANAN INDONESIA: AMALGAM MILITER-SIPIL
Authors: Hidayat Safril 
Published: January 2019

<p>Kondisi global dan regional berpengaruh dalam melaksanakan kebijakan luar negeri. Selain itu, situasi dinamika domestik juga menjadi faktor penting dalam membuat kebijakan luar negeri. Kebijakan luar negeri diwujudkan melalui kerja sama dengan negara lain dalam wujud diplomasi pertahanan yang bertujuan untuk mencapai kepentingan nasional.<strong> </strong>Kepentingan nasional melalui diplomasi pertahanan secara global, regional dan bilateral dalam mewujudkan saling percaya guna mencegah konflik dan resolusi konflik<em>.</em> Sekalipun belum ada defenisi yang baku tentang diplomasi pertahanan, namun beberapa negara ada yang secara eksplisit maupun implisit menjelaskan diplomasi pertahanan. Aktor pelaku diplomasi pertahanan juga tidak semata-mata militer, namun dari kalangan sipil yang berbeda latar belakang. Sebagai negara yang demikian besar dengan sumber daya alam yang melimpah, maka diplomasi pertahanan Indonesia tidak dapat berjalan sektoral oleh kementerian pertahanan atau oleh personel militer saja. Kerja sama pertahanan perlu melibatkan aktor non negara dan pejabat sipil yang dilakukan antar lembaga baik aktor negara maupun aktor non negara. Dengan demikian, kebijakan diplomasi pertahanan memiliki interdependensi dan perlu diselaraskan dengan kebijakan luar negeri lainnya sehingga tujuan dan kepentingan nasional dapat terwujud.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Kata kunci : </strong>pertahanan, diplomasi, kepentingan, aktivitas, aktor</p>
DIPLOMASI PERTAHANAN SEBAGAI BAGIAN DARI DIPLOMASI TOTAL RI
Authors: Prasetyo Triyoga Budi , Berantas Sugeng 
Published: January 2019

<p>Diplomasi pertahanan merupakan bagian dari diplomasi total RI. Dalam konteks ini, dimaknai sebagai sistem pertahanan negara yang dilakukan secara dini oleh pemerintah dan diselenggarakan secara total, terpadu, terarah, dan berlanjut. Kekurangoptimalan soal diplomasi ini, mengakibatkan komponen pertahanannya belum lengkap dan unsur utamanya kurang memiliki komitmen. Boleh jadi, pembangunan pertahanan yang cakupannya banyak akan beresiko untuk mewujudkan efek penggentar yang disegani dalam mendukung posisi tawar di ajang diplomasi. Tanpa mengabaikan peran diplomasi pertahanan nirmiliter dalam konteks pertahanan integratif dan/atau diplomasi total. Diplomasi pertahanan militer yang diperankan TNI/komponen utama atau militer merupakan bagian dari diplomasi pertahanan yang dalam konteks historis, analogis dengan dwi fungsi ABRI. Khususnya jika terkait dengan sasaran strategis hubungan bilateral (Indonesia-Amerika), kerja sama multilateral, penugasan TNI dalam misi perdamaian dunia dan/atau kemanusiaan. Untuk mendukung hal itu, diplomasi militer dalam konteks pertahanan merupakan salah satu bagian kekuatan negara dalam mewujudkan kepentingan nasionalnya. Bahkan, dengan diplomasi militer menjadikan alat negara di bidang pertahanan, dengan tiadanya dukungan komponen cadangan dan komponen pendukung, terus melakukan penyesuaian manajemen hubungan internasionalnya guna menjawab tuntutan nasional/reformasi dan tantangan global. </p><p> </p><p><strong>Kata Kunci :</strong><strong> </strong>diplomasi, pertahanan negara; militer/TNI, kepentingan nasional</p>
KOMUNITAS EKONOMI ASEAN DAN MENINGKATNYA ARTI PENTING ADMM: SEBUAH ANALISIS EKONOMI POLITIK KEAMANAN
Authors: Armandha Semmy Tyar 
Published: January 2019

<p>Pembentukan ASEAN <em>Defense Ministers’ Meeting </em>(ADMM) dapat dikatakan merupakan sinergi antara penciptaan mekanisme pasar bebas ASEAN <em>Economic Community</em> di kawasan Asia Tenggara, dengan adanya komunitas keamanan guna mewujudkan visi ASEAN 2020. Sinergi antara pasar bebas dan komunitas keamanan menjadi prakondisi bagi visi ASEAN 2020 semenjak Asia Tenggara merupakan kawasan yang sangat strategis baik secara ekonomi maupun politik global negara-negara hegemoni. Dengan menggunakan kerangka teori <em>security community</em>,<em> </em>yang digunakan Amitav Acharya <em>via</em> Karl Deutsch –yang menjelaskan kecenderungan negara-negara berkembang untuk mengelola anarki internasional sebagai alternatif dilema keamanan dan interdependensi (neorealisme dan neoliberal-institusional) yang dinilai terlalu linier dalam memandang interaksi antar negara-- penulis menekankan aspek keterhubungan antara ekonomi dan pertahanan dengan menggunakan teori <em>governmentality Foucauldian </em>yang dioperasionalisasikan dalam<em> state of exceptional </em>Michael Hardt-Antonio Negri dan aparatus oikonomia Girogio Agamben, sebagai bentuk prakondisi yang memungkinkan <em>security community </em>terjadi. Sederhananya, ADMM merupakan perangkat yang tak terelakkan jika ASEAN ingin serius menciptakan ekonomi pasar bebas di kawasan Asia Tenggara. Pembentukkan ADMM dengan demikian adalah realita yang niscaya di saat suatu kawasan ingin membentuk perjanjian pasar bebas.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Kata kunci</strong>: ASEAN <em>Defense Ministers’ Meeting</em>, ASEAN <em>Economic Community 2015</em>, komunitas keamanan, <em>state of exception, </em>aparatus oikonomia</p>
AGENDA MARITIME MAINSTREAMING MENYONGSONG MASYARAKAT EKONOMI ASEAN 2015 : AGENDA TEKNOLOGI RENDAH-ENERGI
Authors: Rosyid Daniel Mohammad , Ekowanti Masroro Lilik 
Published: January 2019

<p>Di tengah kebangkitan Cina dan India, serta konsolidasi pasar ASEAN, Visi Indonesia Poros Maritim Dunia yang diajukan Joko Widodo memerlukan agenda <em>maritime mainstreaming</em> yang sesuai untuk mewujudkan kedaulatan berpolitik, kemandirian berekonomi dan kepribadian berbudaya. Sebagai koreksi atas model pembangunan yang berorientasi kontinental yang tinggi-energi, eksploitatif dan eksklusif, serta mendegradasikan desa dan keluarga, kita harus bergeser pada pembangunan masyarakat maritim yang rendah-energi, berkelanjutan dan inklusif, sekaligus menguatkan desa dan keluarga. Keluarga komunitas pesisir akan menjadi basis pembentukan <em>technopreneur</em> baru yang mengembangkan inovasi teknologi biru yang <em>appropriate</em> sekaligus <em>convivial </em>yang mengembangkan kreativitas manusia dalam upaya menciptakan nilai-tambah dan lapangan kerja.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Kata Kunci: </strong>poros maritim dunia, masyarakat rendah-energi, <em>appropriate and convivial techno</em><em>-</em><em>logies.</em></p>