bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DIRECCIONAMIENTO ESTRATÉGICO EN PEQUEÑAS UNIDADES PRODUCTIVAS DEL SECTOR LÁCTEO EN EL DEPARTAMENTO DEL ATLÁNTICO, COLOMBIA
Authors: Estrada L Hilda Helena , Saumett Espa Hern Guillermo 
Published: April 2018

Este artículo es resultado de una investigación, que tuvo como objetivo explicar los comportamientos de las unidades productivas agroindustriales del sector lácteo, con respecto a la aplicación del enfoque de direccionamiento estratégico utilizado por los propietarios de estos negocios en el municipio de Sabanalarga (Atlántico). Es por tanto un estudio que permite interpretar y comprender estos procesos direccionales en empresas pequeñas. Bajo un enfoque cualitativo en su desarrollo se utilizaron como técnicas de investigación: la observación participante, la entrevista y los grupos focales. Como resultados se observó la inserción exitosa de estas unidades en mercados de centros urbanos, empleo de planes y programas, recuperación de conocimientos tácitos y una visión de tipo empresarial. Se concluyó que es posible llevar el direccionamiento estratégico a pequeñas unidades del sector rural siempre y cuando se respeten las tradiciones y conocimientos de los propietarios, superando así sus prejuicios con respecto a la administración moderna. ABSTRACTThe article is the result of an investigation, which aimed to explain the behaviour of agroindustrial production units of the dairy sector with regard to the implementation of the approach of strategic direction used by the owners of these businesses in the municipality of Sabanalarga. It is a study that allows you to interpret and understand these processes even when they come from the great company, can be used successfully in small businesses. The research presents a qualitative approach, with the use of participant observation, interview, and focus group techniques. As a result, the inclusion of these units in urban centers with globalized character, use of plans and programmers, recovery of tacit knowledge and insight into enterprise-class could be observed. It was concluded that it is possible to wear the strategic direction to small units of the rural sector provided that respect for the traditions and knowledge that bring homeowners, overcoming their prejudices with respect to modern management.
EMPOWERMENT, EL LIDERAZGO E INNOVACIÓN EN EMPRESAS DE SERVICIOS, COMO VENTAJA COMPETITIVA EN MEDIANAS EMPRESAS DEL MUNICIPIO DE TECOMÁN, COLIMA, MÉXICO
Authors: Moreno Meza Roc De Jesús , Esp Roberto 
Published: April 2018

El presente artículo de investigación se realizó para analizar si el empowerment, el liderazgo y la innovación influyen significativamente en el logro de ventajas competitivas de las medianas empresas de servicios en Tecomán, Colima, México. La metodología utilizada fue de tipo descriptivo correlacional, a través de un análisis de regresión, y la técnica de investigación que se aplicó fue la encuesta y, en concreto, el cuestionario. Los resultados demostraron una relación significativa entre las variables independientes: empowerment, innovación, liderazgo, con la variable dependiente: ventaja competitiva. Esto aporta información importante para los empresarios de la región, quienes deben considerar el empowerment, la innovación y el liderazgo entre los factores relevantes y de impacto para lograr una posición competitiva en el mercado. ABSTRACTThis research article was performed to analyze whether the empowerment, leadership and innovation, significantly influence the achievement of competitive advantages of midsize utilities in Tecomán, Colima, Mexico. The methodology used was descriptive correlational through a regression analysis technique was applied research and the survey instrument used, the questionnaire. The results demonstrated a significant relationship between the independent variables empowerment, innovation, leadership with the dependent variable competitive advantage, it provides important information for entrepreneurs in the region, who must consider the empowerment, innovation, leadership among the relevant factors and impact in the achievement of a competitive market position.
Effectiveness of kinesiotaping on diaphragm thickness, diaphragmatic thickening fraction, and intercostal muscle thickness in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation: a pilot study
Authors: METİN ÖKMEN Burcu , ÖKMEN Korgün 
Published: April 2018

Objective: We aimed to
evaluate the effects of kinesiotaping applied on the chest wall on the
diaphragmatic muscle and intercostal muscles in patients receiving mechanical
ventilation. Methods: In this
prospective, randomized, controlled, double-blind study, 24 patients who underwent mechanical
ventilation in the intensive care
unit were included the study.
Randomization was used to identify the side of patients that the kinesiotaping was applied to. Group 1: side that kinesiotaping was applied (n = 24) and Group 2 (control group): side that
kinesiotaping was not applied (n = 24). Kinesiotaping was changed in every 3 day. Thicknesses of diaphragmatic
muscle, seventh intercostal muscle and ninth intercostal muscle were evaluated
by using ultrasound in pretreatment, third day,
sixth day and ninth day. Results: In both groups; a statistically significant
decrease was found in all the evaluation parameters at all the measurement
times when compared to the pretreatment values (p
&lt; 0.05). On the third day and sixth
day; a statistically significant
difference was found in favor of group 1 in all the evaluation parameters
except thickness of seventh intercostal muscle (p &lt; 0.05).
On the ninth day; there was
no statistically significant difference between the two groups (p &gt; 0.05).Conclusion: In conclusion, our study results
showed that kinesiotaping decelerated the decrease in the diaphragmatic muscle
and the intercostal muscles thickness until sixth day.
Effect of Sodium Chloride and Manganese in Irrigation Water on Cotton Growth
Authors: Chen Wenling , Wang Zaimin , Jin Menggui , Ferré Ty P.A. , Wang Jiale , Huang Jinou , Wang Xiao 
Published: April 2018

Core Ideas
Cotton vegetative growth tends to be highest when both NaCl and Mn concentrations in irrigation water were low. In contrast, the cotton reproductive growth parameters were higher for elevated NaCl and Mn concentrations in irrigation water.There was an antagonistic relationship for the combined effect of NaCl and Mn on cotton growth and yield.Na content in cotton leaves generally increased as NaCl concentration in irrigation water increased. However, the excess Mn concentration in irrigation water inhibited the absorption of Na.The ratios of K/Na and Ca/Na in the cotton plant generally decreased as NaCl concentration in irrigation water increased.Using saline water for irrigation carefully may produce adequate cotton yield as the micronutrients in saline water can alleviate the salt damage.
Brackish water is used widely for agriculture around the world. The elevated NaCl and Mn content in brackish water can impose toxicity stress on crops, including cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). However, there have been no previous studies of the combined effects of NaCl and Mn on cotton growth. This study presents greenhouse pot experiments with 30 different NaCl and Mn conditions. The results show that the cotton vegetative growth tends to be highest when both NaCl and Mn concentrations in irrigation water were low. In contrast, the cotton reproductive growth parameters were higher for elevated NaCl and Mn concentrations in irrigation water. There was an antagonistic relationship for the combined effect of NaCl and Mn on cotton growth and yield. The Mn content in cotton leaves increased with increasing Mn concentration in the 4.5–72 µmmol L−1 range when the NaCl concentration was low. Na content in cotton leaves generally increased as NaCl concentration in irrigation water increased. However, the excess Mn concentration in irrigation water inhibited the absorption of Na. The ratios of K/Na and Ca/Na in the cotton plant generally decreased as NaCl concentration in irrigation water increased. This led to lower tolerance of cotton plants to NaCl stress. The antagonistic characteristics between NaCl and specific trace elements for cotton growth and yield indicated that the micronutrients in saline water can alleviate salt damage. This suggests that using saline water for irrigation carefully may produce adequate cotton yield with lower quality water while minimizing soil salinization.
Lowland Rice Nutrient Responses for the Guinea and Sudan Savannas of Nigeria
Authors: Daudu Christogonus K. , Ugbaje Enemona M. , Oyinlola Eunice Y. , Tarfa Bitrus D. , Yakubu Adamu A. , Amapu Ishaku Y. , Wortmann Charles S. 
Published: April 2018

Core IdeasLowland irrigated rice is increasing in importance in West Africa.The irrigated lowland rice response to N was curvilinear to plateau.Irrigated lowland rice was inconsistently affected by applied P.A profitable rice response to K, Mg, S, Zn and B is not likely.Yield response of irrigated lowland rice (Oryza sativaL.) to nutrient application was determined to improve the information base for fertilizer use in the Sudan and Southern Guinea Savannas of Nigeria. Economically optimal rates (EOR) and agronomic efficiency (AE) were determined. Five N levels and four levels each P, K, and Zn were evaluated with two varieties at two locations. Nitrogen effects varied by variety and location but mean paddy yield with 0 kg ha−1N was 3.4 Mg ha−1and was increased by 1.3 Mg ha−1with 40 kg ha−1N. The mean EOR of N with fertilizer use cost to paddy price ratios (CP) of 2 to 6 were 56 to 38 kg ha−1N, respectively. Yield increases with P, K and Zn application were infrequent. Paddy yield was increased in one of four cases with up to 1.5 kg ha−1Zn. There were no paddy yield increases but some decreases with application of Mg‐S‐B in addition to N‐P‐K‐Zn. The overall AE of N at EOR with a CP of 4 was 25.3 kg kg−1. The profit potential of N application was greater for Faro 44 compared with Faro 52 at both locations. Financially constrained farmers who opt to apply N at 50 compared with 100% EOR when CP was 4 can expect 16% less yield increase but 67% higher AE and value to cost ratio. Application of fertilizer N, maybe with P at Kadawa, can be highly profitable for irrigated lowland rice in these agro‐ecological zones.
Agronomic and Economic Effects of Two Enhanced‐Efficiency Urea Fertilizer Technologies on Southern Great Plains Winter Wheat
Authors: Adams Curtis B. , Thapa Santanu B. , Fan Yubing , Park Seong 
Published: April 2018

Core Ideas
Stabilized urea improved wheat grain yield and protein in the Southern Plains.Stabilized urea at a higher rate brought higher net profits than untreated urea at all price points.A safe seed‐placed rate for polymer‐coated urea in regional wheat is lower than 30 kg N ha–1.No benefit was observed in splitting nitrogen application in this study.
In no‐till wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cropping systems of the US Southern Great Plains, urea fertilizer is commonly surface broadcast and producers rely on unpredictable precipitation in dryland conditions for incorporation into the soil. Several enhanced‐efficiency fertilizer technologies are designed to reduce N loss in this scenario, though there are not published reports on evaluations of these in regional wheat systems. Here we report on an evaluation of two enhanced‐efficiency fertilizer technologies, polymer‐coated urea (PCU) and urease/nitrification inhibitor‐stabilized urea (SU), which were compared to untreated urea at different application rates (0, 31.5, and 70 kg N ha−1) and timings (at‐planting and split) in two locations differing in soil type (clay loam and loamy fine sand). The fertilizer was broadcast, except for PCU, which was drilled in‐row. The greatest yield was observed with a high at‐planting rate of SU, where yield was 26% greater than with untreated urea and 34% greater than with no fertilizer. Yield improvement with SU was associated with greater grain N uptake efficiency and protein content. The high SU rate brought higher net profits than untreated urea at all price points analyzed and surpassed the no‐fertilizer control as price increased. As might be expected with seed placement, there was substantial crop damage at the high rate of PCU, but even minor damage at the lower rate. The results suggest that a safe seed‐placed rate for PCU in wheat in this environment is somewhat lower than 30 kg N ha−1. No benefit was observed in splitting the N application.
A Global Meta‐Analysis of Grazing Impacts on Soil Health Indicators
Authors: Byrnes Ryan C. , Eastburn Danny J. , Tate Kenneth W. , Roche Leslie M. 
Published: April 2018

Grazing lands support the livelihoods of millions of people across nearly one‐half of the globe. Soils are the backbone of stability and resilience in these systems. To determine livestock grazing impacts on soil health, we conducted a global meta‐analysis of soil organic carbon (SOC), total N, C/N ratio, and bulk density responses to grazing strategies (continuous, rotational, and no grazing) and intensities (heavy, moderate, and light grazing) from 64 studies around the world. Across all studies and grazing intensities, continuous grazing significantly reduced SOC, C/N, and total N compared with no grazing. Soil compaction (i.e., increased bulk density) was greater under both continuous and rotational grazing compared with no grazing; however, rotational grazing had lower bulk density than continuous grazing. Rotational grazing had greater SOC than continuous grazing and was not different from no grazing. The positive responses of SOC to rotational grazing could create climate change mitigation opportunities. Grazing strategy comparisons were minimally conditioned by aridity class (i.e., arid, subhumid, and humid); however, complete observations were notably limited or missing for many rotational grazing comparisons. For continuous and no grazing strategy comparisons, we found that grazing management can significantly influence soil function and health outcomes; however, site‐specific environmental factors play important moderating roles. Greater coordination across regional, national, and global efforts, as well as consistent guidelines for soil health evaluation, would help overcome these knowledge gaps and vastly improve our collective understanding of grazing impacts on soil health, providing greater management and policy impacts.Core Ideas
Grazing increases soil compaction relative to no grazing.
Rotation improves soil bulk density and organic carbon over continuous grazing.
Reduced grazing intensity improves soil bulk density and organic carbon.
Site‐specific environmental factors play important moderating roles.
Rotational grazing strategies could create climate change mitigation opportunities.
Regulation of deep groundwater based on MODFLOW in the water intake area of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project in Tianjin, China
Authors: Deng Xiyuan , Li Fawen , Zhao Yong , Li Shaofei 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
With the development of economy and society, deep groundwater exploitation has intensified, even to the point of over-exploitation, resulting in multiple geological disasters. Thus, it is essential to regulate the deep groundwater table to a reasonable range. This paper selected the water intake area of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project in Tianjin as a case study. First, the groundwater flow and land subsidence model with MODFLOW-2005 and SUB Package were constructed. Second, the regulation schemes were designed based on the corresponding regulation principles. Lastly, the established groundwater model was adopted to forecast and simulate deep water table and land subsidence under different exploitation scenarios, and regulation effects were analyzed from the viewpoints of exploitation total amount, exploitation distribution, and exploited horizon. The results showed that groundwater tables of different layers and land subsidence were effectively controlled and improved under the three exploitation schemes for different planning level years. The exploitation total amount of groundwater, exploitation distribution, and exploited horizon had a direct impact on water table and land subsidence. From the perspective of regulating deep groundwater, all three schemes could achieve this goal, hence the three schemes were reasonable and feasible. The results are of great significance for rational utilization of deep groundwater.
Curcumin: A Natural Pan-HDAC Inhibitor in Cancer
Authors: Soflaei Sara Saffar , Momtazi-Borojeni Amir Abbas , Majeed Muhammed , Derosa Giuseppe , Maffioli Pamela , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: April 2018

Background:
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are a group of histone modification enzymes with pivotal
role in disease pathogenesis especially in cancer development. Increased activity of certain types of HDACs and
positive effects of HDAC inhibition has been shown in several types of cancers. Furthermore, few HDAC inhibitors
have been approved by the FDA for cancer treatment, and this has generated interest in finding new HDAC
inhibitors as potential anti-cancer agents. Curcumin, a natural polyphenol extracted from turmeric, is a safe and
bioactive phytochemical with a wide range of molecular targets and pharmacological activities including promising
anti-cancer properties.

Methods:
A systematic literature search using appropriate keywords was made to identify articles reporting the
modulatory effect of curcumin on HDACs in different types of cancer in vitro and in vivo.

Results:
HDACs have emerged as novel targets of curcumin that their modulation may contribute to the putative
anti-cancer effects of curcumin. Curcumin inhibits HDAC activity, and down-regulates the expression of HDAC
types 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 11 in different cancer cell lines and mice, while the activity and expression of HDAC2
have been reported to be up-regulated by curcumin in COPD and heart failure models.

Conclusion:
Available in vitro and in vivo data are encouraging and in favor of the HDAC inhibitory activity of
curcumin but clinical evidence on the efficacy of curcumin as an adjunct treatment in cancer patients is lacking.
Polyphenols, Antioxidants and the Sympathetic Nervous System
Authors: Bruno Rosa Maria , Ghiadoni Lorenzo 
Published: April 2018

Background:
A high dietary intake of polyphenols has been associated with a reduced cardiovascular
mortality, due to their antioxidant properties. However, growing evidence suggests that counteracting oxidative
stress in cardiovascular disease might also reduce sympathetic nervous system overactivity.

Methods:
This article reviews the most commonly used techniques to measure sympathetic activity in humans;
the role of sympathetic activation in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases; current evidence demonstrating
that oxidative stress is involved in the regulation of sympathetic activity and how antioxidants and polyphenols
might counteract sympathetic overactivity, particularly focusing on preliminary data from human studies.

Results:
The main mechanisms by which polyphenols are cardioprotective are related to the improvement of
vascular function and their anti-atherogenic effect. Furthermore, a blood pressure-lowering effect was consistently
demonstrated in randomized controlled trials in humans, when the effect of flavonoid-rich foods, such as
tea and chocolate, was tested. More recent studies suggest that inhibition of sympathetic overactivity might be
one of the mechanisms by which these substances exert their cardioprotective effects. Indeed, an increased adrenergic
traffic to the vasculature is a major mechanism of disease in a number of cardiovascular and extra-cardiac
diseases, including hypertension, obesity, metabolic syndrome and heart failure. A considerable body of evidence,
mostly from experimental studies, support the hypothesis that reactive oxygen species might exert sympathoexcitatory
effects both at the central and at the peripheral level. Accordingly, supplementation with antioxidants
might reduce adrenergic overdrive to the vasculature and blunt cardiovascular reactivity to stress.

Conclusions:
While supplementation with “classical” antioxidants such as ROS-scavengers has many limitations,
increasing the intake of polyphenol-rich foods seems to be a promising novel therapeutic strategy to reduce the
deleterious effects of increased adrenergic tone, particularly in essential hypertension.
Ellagic Acid: A Logical Lead for Drug Development?
Authors: Shakeri Abolfazl , Zirak Mohammad Reza , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: April 2018

Background:
Naturally occurring polyphenols are the subject of increasing attention due to their potent
antioxidant activity and their marked effects on the prevention of various oxidative stress-associated diseases
such as cancer. Ellagic acid (EA) is an herbal polyphenol that is structurally a condensed dimer of gallic acid.

Methods:
This review aims to provide a comprehensive and updated overview on the biological activities of EA
and potential therapeutic applications.

Results:
EA is found in fruits and nuts, either in the combined form with hexahydroxydiphenic acid or in the
bound form (ellagitannins). EA exhibits many biological properties such as antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anticancer
and apoptosis-inducing activities. These biological and pharmacological properties are relevant to the treatment of
several human diseases.

Conclusion:
Owing to its multiple mechanisms of action, EA represents a potential therapeutic agent against
human diseases particularly cancer.
Polyphenols Effect on Circulating Lipids and Lipoproteins: From Biochemistry to Clinical Evidence
Authors: Cicero Arrigo F.G. , Colletti Alessandro 
Published: April 2018

Background:
Polyphenols are a family of natural antioxidants that in recent years have been studied
and tested for their potential benefits towards cardiovascular diseases.

Objective:
The aim of this review is to focus the attention on the presumed lipid-lowering and atheroprotective
effects of polyphenols, administered either as individual molecules (nutritional supplements) and as functional
foods, on the basis of the evidence coming from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and their meta-analyses.

Method:
A search strategy was conducted to identify studies in PubMed (January 1980 to September 2016); in
particular, we have included human clinical trials, reviews and meta-analyses when they offered suitable insights
and elucidations regarding the action of polyphenols on lipid profile and cardiovascular disease risk.

Results:
Literature data on polyphenols suggest that they potentially could exert an effect on lipid profile, especially
by reducing the oxidation of LDL-C. Polyphenols from cocoa, grape, green tea, berries and soy are the ones
that have shown more clinically relevant effect. However, quantitative data on cholesterol reduction are still unclear
and often conflicting.

Conclusion:
Polyphenols, if taken in adequate dosages, can exert in some cases a positive effect on the prevention
of cardiovascular risk and lipid oxidation, despite an unclear effect on lipid levels.