bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functionalized boron nitride membranes with ultrafast solvent transport performance for molecular separation
Authors: Chen Cheng , Wang Jiemin , Liu Dan , Yang Chen , Liu Yuchen , Ruoff Rodney S. , Lei Weiwei 
Published: May 2018

AbstractPressure-driven, superfast organic solvent filtration membranes have significant practical applications. An excellent filtration membrane should exhibit high selectivity and permeation in aqueous and organic solvents to meet increasing industrial demand. Here, we report an amino functionalized boron nitride (FBN) based filtration membrane with a nanochannel network for molecular separation and permeation. This membrane is highly stable in water and in several organic solvents and shows high transport performance for solvents depending on the membranes’ thickness. In addition, the FBN membrane is applicable for solute screening in water as well as in organic solvents. More importantly, the FBN membranes are very stable in acidic, alkaline and oxidative media for up to one month. The fast-flow rate and good separation performance of the FBN membranes can be attributed to their stable networks of nanochannels and thin laminar structure, which provide the membranes with beneficial properties for practical separation and purification processes.
Highly sensitive integrated flexible tactile sensors with piezoresistive Ge
2
Sb2Te5 thin films
Authors: Wang Zhiguang , Dong Cunzheng , Wang Xinjun , Li Menghui , Nan Tianxiang , Liang Xianfeng , Chen Huaihao , Wei Yuyi , Zhou Haomiao , Zaeimbashi Mohsen , Cash Syd , Sun Nian-Xiang 
Published: May 2018

AbstractFlexible tactile sensor has been extensively investigated as a key component for emerging electronics applications such as robotics, wearable devices, computer hardware, and security systems. Tactile sensors based on various one-dimensional materials have been widely explored. However, precise control of the direction and distribution of these nanomaterials remains a great challenge, and it has been difficult to scale down the device. Here, we introduce highly sensitive integrated flexible tactile sensors based on uniform phase-change Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) thin films that can scale device size down, at least, to micrometer range. Significant piezoresistive effect has been observed in GST-based sensors, showing a giant gauge factor of 338. A proof of concept 5 × 5 sensor array functioning as a touch panel has been demonstrated. Also, the flexible GST tactile sensor has been utilized for monitoring of radial artery pulse. In addition to the well-known tunable electrical and optical properties, the piezoresistive GST films provide a versatile platform for the integration of sensing, recording, and displaying functions.
Stable isotopes in water vapor and rainwater over Indian sector of Southern Ocean and estimation of fraction of recycled moisture
Authors: Rahul P. , Prasanna K. , Ghosh Prosenjit , Anilkumar N. , Yoshimura Kei 
Published: May 2018

AbstractStable Hydrogen and Oxygen isotopic composition of water vapor, rainwater and surface seawater show a distinct trend across the latitude over the Southern Indian Ocean. Our observations on isotopic composition of surface seawater, water vapor and rainwater across a transect covering the tropical Indian Ocean to the regions of the Southern Ocean showed a strong latitudinal dependency; characterized by the zonal process of evaporation and precipitation. The sampling points were spread across diverse zones of SST, wind speed and rainfall regimes. The observed physical parameters such as sea surface temperature, wind speed and relative humidity over the oceanic regions were used in a box model calculation across the latitudes to predict the isotopic composition of water vapor under equilibrium and kinetic conditions, and compared with results from isotope enabled global spectral model. Further, we obtained the average fraction of recycled moisture across the oceanic transect latitudes as 13.4 ± 7.7%. The values of recycled fraction were maximum at the vicinity of the Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), while the minimum values were recorded over the region of subsidence and evaporation, at the Northern and Southern latitudes of the ITCZ. These estimates are consistent with the earlier reported recyling values.
Resveratrol significantly improves the fertilisation capacity of bovine sex-sorted semen by inhibiting apoptosis and lipid peroxidation
Authors: Li Chong-Yang , Zhao Ya-Han , Hao Hai-Sheng , Wang Hao-Yu , Huang Jin-Ming , Yan Chang-Liang , Du Wei-Hua , Pang Yun-Wei , Zhang Pei-Pei , Liu Yan , Zhu Hua-Bin , Zhao Xue-Ming 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe aim of this study was to test the effects of five different concentrations (0, 10−3, 10−4, 10−5, and 10−6 M) of resveratrol (Res) supplementation in bull sperm washing and fertilisation medium on levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), phosphatidylserine (PS) externalisation, mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm), ATP and malondialdehyde (MDA), acrosomal integrity, blastocyst rate, and blastocyst quality after in vitro fertilisation (IVF). The results for sex-sorted sperm from three bulls showed: (1) ROS and MDA levels in 10−3 M and 10−4 M Res groups were significantly lower than those of controls (P < 0.05); (2) the percentage of viable sperm, percentage of sperm with high Δψm, and the ATP content in 10−3 M and 10−4 M Res groups were significantly higher than those of controls (P < 0.05); (3) the percentage of viable sperm with acrosomal integrity, and the blastocyst percentage and quality of the 10−4 M Res group were significantly higher than those of controls (P < 0.05). In conclusion, 10−4 M Res supplementation in washing and fertilisation medium of sex-sorted bull sperm significantly decreased ROS, PS externalisation, and MDA, and protected mitochondrial function and acrosomal integrity, thereby increasing blastocyst percentage and quality following IVF.
Submarine canyons represent an essential habitat network for krill hotspots in a Large Marine Ecosystem
Authors: Santora Jarrod A. , Zeno Ramona , Dorman Jeffrey G. , Sydeman William J. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractSubmarine canyon systems are ubiquitous features of marine ecosystems, known to support high levels of biodiversity. Canyons may be important to benthic-pelagic ecosystem coupling, but their role in concentrating plankton and structuring pelagic communities is not well known. We hypothesize that at the scale of a large marine ecosystem, canyons provide a critical habitat network, which maintain energy flow and trophic interactions. We evaluate canyon characteristics relative to the distribution and abundance of krill, critically important prey in the California Current Ecosystem. Using a geological database, we conducted a census of canyon locations, evaluated their dimensions, and quantified functional relationships with krill hotspots (i.e., sites of persistently elevated abundance) derived from hydro-acoustic surveys. We found that 76% of krill hotspots occurred within and adjacent to canyons. Most krill hotspots were associated with large shelf-incising canyons. Krill hotspots and canyon dimensions displayed similar coherence as a function of latitude and indicate a potential regional habitat network. The latitudinal migration of many fish, seabirds and mammals may be enhanced by using this canyon-krill network to maintain foraging opportunities. Biogeographic assessments and predictions of krill and krill-predator distributions under climate change may be improved by accounting for canyons in habitat models.
Space-Wave Routing via Surface Waves Using a Metasurface System
Authors: Achouri Karim , Caloz Christophe 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWe introduce the concept of a metasurface system able to route space waves via surface waves. This concept may be used to laterally shift or modulate the beam width of scattered waves. The system is synthesized based on a momentum transfer approach using phase-gradient metasurfaces. The concept is experimentally verified in an “electromagnetic periscope”. Additionally, we propose two other potential applications namely a beam expander and a multi-wave refractor.
Identification of a flagellar protein implicated in the gravitaxis in the flagellate Euglena gracilis
Authors: Nasir Adeel , Le Bail Aude , Daiker Viktor , Klima Janine , Richter Peter , Lebert Michael 
Published: May 2018

AbstractFlagellated cells are of great evolutionary importance across animal and plant species. Unlike higher plants, flagellated cells are involved in reproduction of macro-algae as well as in early diverging land plants. Euglena gracilis is an emerging flagellated model organism. The current study reports that a specific calmodulin (CaM2) involved in gravitaxis of E. gracilis interacts with an evolutionary conserved flagellar protein, EgPCDUF4201. The subsequent molecular analysis showed clearly that EgPCDUF4201 is also involved in gravitaxis. We performed subcellular localization of CaM2 using immunoblotting and indirect immunofluorescence. By employing yeast two-hybrid screen, EgPCDUF4201 was identified as an interaction partner of CaM2. The C-terminus of EgPCDUF4201 is responsible for the interaction with CaM2. Silencing of N- and C-terminus of EgPCDUF4201 using RNAi resulted in an impaired gravitaxis. Moreover, indirect immunofluorescence assay showed that EgPCDUF4201 is a flagella associated protein. The current study specifically addressed some important questions regarding the signal transduction chain of gravitaxis in E. gracilis. Besides the fact that it improved the current understanding of gravity sensing mechanisms in E. gracilis, it also gave rise to several interesting research questions regarding the function of the domain of unknown function 4201 in flagellated cells.
Direct synthesis of benzylic amines by palladium-catalyzed carbonylative aminohomologation of aryl halides
Authors: Peng Jin-Bao , Wu Fu-Peng , Xu Cong , Qi Xinxin , Ying Jun , Wu Xiao-Feng 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBenzylic amines are valuable compounds with important applications in areas including pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. The known procedures for their synthesis are limited by difficulties in functionalizing the parent aminomethyl groups. On the other hand, carbonylation reactions offer a potent method to introduce carbonyl groups and homologate carbon chains. However, carbonylative aminohomologation of aryl halides is challenging due to competing reactions and the need to balance multiple sequential steps. Here we report a palladium-catalyzed carbonylative aminohomologation reaction for the direct aminomethylation of aryl halides. The reaction proceeds via a tandem palladium-catalyzed formylation, followed by imine formation and formic acid-mediated reduction. Useful functional groups including chloride, bromide, ester, ketone, nitro, and cyano are compatible with this reaction. Both aryl iodides and bromides are suitable substrates and a wide range of synthetically useful amines are efficiently obtained in moderate to excellent yields.
Production of Spanish Grammatical Forms in U.S. Bilingual Children
Authors: Baron Alisa , Bedore Lisa M. , Peña Elizabeth D. , Lovgren-Uribe Samantha D. , López Amanda A. , Villagran Elizabeth 
Published: May 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this analysis was to understand how grammatical morpheme production in Spanish for typically developing Spanish–English bilingual children relates to mean length of utterance in words (MLUw) and the extent to which different bilingual profiles influence order of grammatical morpheme acquisition.

Method
Participants included 228 Spanish–English bilingual children ages 4;0–7;6 (years;months). Grammatical morpheme accuracy was evaluated using an experimental version of the Bilingual English–Spanish Assessment (Peña, Gutiérrez-Clellen, Iglesias, Goldstein, & Bedore, 2014). MLUw data were calculated from children's narrative samples. Production accuracy of plural nouns, singular and plural definite articles, preterite tense, imperfect aspect, direct object clitics, prepositions, subjunctive, and conjunctions was calculated and analyzed as a function of MLUw in Spanish. Level of accuracy on these forms was compared for Spanish-dominant and English-dominant groups.

Results
Accuracy was significantly associated with MLUw. The relative difficulty of Spanish grammatical morphemes is highly similar across different bilingual profiles.

Conclusions
There are common elements of Spanish that are easy (imperfect, plural nouns, singular articles, conjunctions), medium (plural articles, preterite), or hard (prepositions, direct object clitics, subjunctive), regardless of whether a child is a Spanish-dominant or English-dominant bilingual.
A great space weather event in February 1730
Authors: Hayakawa Hisashi , Ebihara Yusuke , Vaquero José M. , Hattori Kentaro , Carrasco Víctor M. S. , de la Cruz Gallego María , Hayakawa Satoshi , Watanabe Yoshikazu , Iwahashi Kiyomi , Tamazawa Harufumi , Kawamura Akito D. , Isobe Hiroaki 
Published: May 2018

Aims. Historical records provide evidence of extreme magnetic storms with equatorward auroral extensions before the epoch of systematic magnetic observations. One significant magnetic storm occurred on February 15, 1730. We scale this magnetic storm with auroral extension and contextualise it based on contemporary solar activity.Methods. We examined historical records in East Asia and computed the magnetic latitude (MLAT) of observational sites to scale magnetic storms. We also compared them with auroral records in Southern Europe. We examined contemporary sunspot observations to reconstruct detailed solar activity between 1729 and 1731.Results. We show 29 auroral records in East Asian historical documents and 37 sunspot observations.Conclusions. These records show that the auroral displays were visible at least down to 25.8° MLAT throughout East Asia. In comparison with contemporary European records, we show that the boundary of the auroral display closest to the equator surpassed 45.1° MLAT and possibly came down to 31.5° MLAT in its maximum phase, with considerable brightness. Contemporary sunspot records show an active phase in the first half of 1730 during the declining phase of the solar cycle. This magnetic storm was at least as intense as the magnetic storm in 1989, but less intense than the Carrington event.
Editorial
Authors: Dörgeloh Beate , Dutzmann Christina 
Published: May 2018

Liebe Leserinnen und Leser,das Beckwith-Wiedemann-Syndrom (BWS) ist eine meist epigenetisch bedingte Multisystemerkrankung aus der Gruppe der Krebsprädispositionssyndrome (KPS). Der klinisch sehr heterogene Phänotyp des BWS umfasst Bauchwanddefekte (Omphalocele), Makroglossie, die zu einer typischen Fazies und Ernährungsproblemen führen kann, Organomegalie, Großwuchs (Gigantismus), der sich auch einseitig präsentieren kann, neonatale Hypoglykämien und eine Prädisposition zu der Entwicklung embryonaler Tumore, überwiegend Nephroblastome und Hepatoblastome. Bedingt wird das BWS häufig durch einen molekularen Imprinting-Defekt in der chromosomalen Region 11p15.5. Dank der bemerkenswerten Fortschritte in der Humangenetik können durch neue Erkenntnisse genetischer und epigenetischer Veränderungen bei BWS regelhaft vorliegende Mosaikkonstellationen die variablen Phänotypen erklären. Damit war die Grundlage dafür geschaffen, einen Konsensus über Diagnosekriterien trotz des heterogenen Krankheitsbildes zu finden. Es war das Ziel des im März 2017 in Paris erarbeiteten ersten internationalen Konsensus-Meetings, klinische und molekulare Diagnose- und Managementempfehlungen für Patienten aus dem Kreis des neu definierten BWS Spektrums in einem gemeinsamen Statement zu formulieren 1. Anders als wir es aus anderen Bereichen des Lebens kennen, gelang den Experten die Konsensusfindung!
Perspektiven der Atherothrombosetherapie nach der COMPASS-Studie
Authors: Dürschmied Daniel , Bode Christoph 
Published: May 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Verhinderung atherothrombotischer Ereignisse ist ein wesentliches Therapieziel in der Behandlung von Patienten mit arteriosklerotischen Erkrankungen. Nach
Plaqueruptur kann ein rasch wachsender Thrombus zum akuten Gefäßverschluss und damit Herzinfarkt, Schlaganfall oder Extremitätenischämie führen. Die
Akuttherapie kombiniert dabei selbstverständlich Antikoagulation und Plättchenhemmung. In der Primär- und Sekundärprophylaxe stabiler Patienten stehen hingegen
bislang lediglich die Plättchenhemmer Aspirin und Clopidogrel zur Verfügung. Die COMPASS-Studie untersuchte nun erstmals eine niedrigdosierte Antikoagulation
bei stabiler KHK oder pAVK. Die Hinzunahme von 2 x 2,5 mg Rivaroxaban zur Dauertherapie mit Aspirin verhinderte nicht nur kardiovaskulären Tod, Myokardinfarkt
und Schlaganfall. Nach 3 Jahren war selbst die Gesamtmortalität um relative 18 % reduziert. Erkauft wurde dieser Benefit mit einer Zunahme gastrointestinaler
Blutungen auf mehr als das Doppelte. Weil die Ergänzung eines Protonenpumpenhemmers diesen Nachteil reduzieren könnte (Untersuchungen hierzu dauern an) und
weder tödliche noch intrakranielle Blutungen zunahmen, steht vermutlich bald ein neuer Therapiestandard für Hochrisikopatienten mit arteriosklerotischer
Grunderkrankung zur Verfügung.
Neurologisches Defizit nach intraoperativem anaphylaktischen Schock
Authors: Hachenberg Thomas , Kols Kerstin 
Published: May 2018

ZusammenfassungSchlichtungsstellen für Arzthaftpflichtfragen bieten Patienten, Ärzten und Versicherern eine Möglichkeit, Arzthaftungsstreitigkeiten außergerichtlich zu klären. In der Rubrik „Fälle der Schlichtungsstelle“ stellen wir abgeschlossene Fälle aus der Schlichtungsstelle für Arzthaftpflichtfragen der norddeutschen Ärztekammern vor.
Schlaganfallprävention in der klinischen Praxis
Authors: Hartung Johannes Jakob , Skurk Carsten , Leistner David Manuel , Landmesser Ulf 
Published: May 2018

ZusammenfassungZur Prophylaxe kardioembolischer Schlaganfälle und Thromboembolien hat die Implantation intrakardialer Okkluder sowohl bei Patienten mit Vorhofflimmern als auch
bei Patienten mit persistierendem Foramen ovale (PFO) im Vergleich zu einer lebenslangen antithrombotisch-medikamentösen Therapie in den letzten Jahren
zunehmend an Bedeutung in der klinischen Praxis gewonnen. Neue Daten aus großen Studien, die die Katheter-basierten Systeme zum Verschluss des linken
Vorhofohres (left atrial appendage, kurz: LAA) bei Patienten mit Vorhofflimmern und relevantem Schlaganfallrisiko hinsichtlich Ihrer Effektivität und Sicherheit
randomisiert im Vergleich zu einer medikamentösen Therapie mit Vitamin-K-Antagonisten untersucht haben, zeigen vielversprechende Ergebnisse. Darüber hinaus
konnte in 3 randomisierten Studien, die im vergangenen Jahr im New England Journal of Medicine publiziert wurden, eine signifikante Überlegenheit des
interventionellen PFO-Verschlusses im Vergleich zu einer alleinigen medikamentösen Therapie bei Patienten < 60 Jahre mit kryptogenem Schlaganfall
nachgewiesen werden. Bislang nicht untersucht ist der randomisierte Vergleich der LAA-Verschlusssysteme mit einer NOAK-Therapie. Auch zur Beantwortung der Frage
nach der optimalen, risikoadaptieren, medikamentösen post-LAA-Okkluder-Implantationstherapie müssen die Ergebnisse aktuell rekrutierender Studien abgewartet
werden.
Kognitive Verluste bei Herzinsuffizienz
Authors: Petutschnigg Johannes , Edelmann Frank 
Published: May 2018

ZusammenfassungDer kürzlich erschienene Herzbericht der Deutschen Herzstiftung weist die Herzinsuffizienz (ICD I50) unverändert als die häufigste Einzeldiagnose von
vollstationär behandelten Patienten in der Bundesrepublik aus 1. Das komplexe klinische Syndrom mit multiplen Interaktionen
zu anderen Organsystemen stellt die behandelten Ärzte oft vor schwer zu lösende Aufgaben. Das Zusammenspiel zwischen Versagen des Myokards und zerebraler
(Dys)Funktion wird im klinischen Alltag leider (zu) oft nicht beachtet oder vergessen.Dieser Artikel soll einen Überblick (patho-)physiologischer Mechanismen als Grundlage dieser gegenseitigen Beeinflussung liefern. Kardiale Dysfunktion und eine
Abnahme der kognitiven Leistungsfähigkeiten treten in einer alternden Gesellschaft zunehmend häufiger auf und der Leidensdruck belastet die Betroffenen, ihre
Angehörigen und unser Gesundheitssystem. Dennoch findet ein symbiotischer Austausch der Fachrichtungen nur selten statt und die Krankheiten werden
fachspezifisch und damit isoliert erhoben und behandelt. Kardio-neurologische Kolloquien sind an einigen Kliniken bereits fest implementiert und sollten einen
Aufschwung erleben, denn nicht umsonst wusste bereits Theodor Fontane (1819–1898): „Wenn das Herz gesund ist, ist der Kopf nie ganz schlecht.“ 2.
A Divergent Approach to β-Pyrazine-Fused meso-Tetraphenyl­diporphyrins
Authors: Tiwari Raju , Nath Mahendra 
Published: May 2018

We describe an alternative methodology for the synthesis of β-pyrazine-fused diporphyrins in high yields from 2-amino-5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin nickel(II) derivatives by using p-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid as an efficient Brønsted acid catalyst in 1,4-dioxane at 90 °C. The structural characterization, material morphology and electronic properties of the products are reported.
Ralstonia insidiosa Neonatal Sepsis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Akduman Alaşehir Elçin , Öngen İpek Belkız , Thomas David Terence , Sitar Mustafa Erinç , Erener Ercan Tuğba 
Published: May 2018

Introduction Ralstonia spp. are nonfermenting gram-negative bacteria that have recently emerged as opportunistic pathogens. Previously, two case series of infection associated with Ralstonia insidiosa have been published. In this case report, R. insidiosa infection of a neonate in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is presented.
Case Presentation A term male infant developed respiratory distress 2 hours after birth and was admitted to the NICU with the presumptive diagnosis of transient tachypnea of the newborn. A left apical pneumothorax was detected, requiring chest tube insertion. An umbilical catheter was placed due to poor peripheral vascular access. On the second day, blood cultures were sent from the umbilical artery and umbilical venous catheters, which showed growth of R. insidiosa. The antibiotics were changed from ampicillin and gentamicin to ampicillin–sulbactam and cefotaxime according to the antibiotic susceptibility test results. Respiratory distress symptoms resolved and the patient was extubated. The infant's clinical condition improved steadily and was discharged with breast feeding and stable vital findings, negative follow-up cultures, and C-reactive protein.
Conclusion Ralstonia insidiosa is an emerging pathogen in hospital infections due to its ability to survive in water supplies and sterilized water-based solutions. There is need for vigilance of R. insidiosa, especially in intensive care units. Awareness of rare pathogens, early detection of the bacteria, and antibiotic susceptibility test results are important in the success of treatment.