bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two-Stage Exchange Protocol for Periprosthetic Joint Infection Following Total Knee Arthroplasty in 245 Knees without Prior Treatment for Infection
Authors: Petis Stephen M. , Perry Kevin I. , Mabry Tad M. , Hanssen Arlen D. , Berry Daniel J. , Abdel Matthew P. 
Published: February 2019

Background:
For patients undergoing 2-stage exchange for the treatment of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) following total knee arthroplasty, the long-term risk of reinfection and mechanical failure and long-term clinical outcomes are not well known. The purpose of our study was to determine the long-term clinical results of 2-stage exchange for PJI following total knee arthroplasty.

Methods:
We identified 245 knees that had undergone total knee arthroplasty and were subsequently treated with 2-stage exchange due to infection during the period of 1991 to 2006; the cohort had no prior treatment for PJI. Major, or 4 of 6 minor, Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) diagnostic criteria were fulfilled by 179 (73%) of the knees. The cumulative incidence of reinfection and of aseptic revision, accounting for the competing risk of death, were calculated. Risk factors for reinfection were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards regression. Knee Society Score (KSS) values were calculated. The mean age at spacer insertion was 68 years; 50% of the patients were female. The mean follow-up was 14 years (range, 2 to 25 years) following reimplantation.

Results:
The cumulative incidence of reinfection was 4% at 1 year, 14% at 5 years, 16% at 10 years, and 17% at 15 years. Factors that were predictive of reinfection included a body mass index of ≥30 kg/m2 (hazard ratio [HR], 3.1; p < 0.01), previous revision surgery (HR, 2.8; p < 0.01), and a McPherson host grade of C (HR, 2.5; p = 0.04). The cumulative incidence of aseptic revision for loosening was 2% at 5 years, 5% at 10 years, and 7% at 15 years. Femoral (HR, 5.0; p = 0.04) and tibial (HR, 6.7; p < 0.01) bone-grafting at reimplantation were predictive of aseptic failure. The most common complications were wound-healing issues, requiring reoperation in 12 (5%) of the knees. The rate of death at 2 years following reimplantation was 11%. The mean KSS improved from 45 at PJI diagnosis to 76 at 10 years following reimplantation (p < 0.01).

Conclusions:
Long-term reinfection rates following 2-stage exchange for PJI after total knee arthroplasty were similar to those of shorter-term reports and were maintained out to 15 years. Mechanical failure rates were low if bone loss was addressed at the time of reimplantation. Improvements in clinical outcomes were maintained at long-term follow-up.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Total and Active Soil Organic Carbon from Long‐term Agricultural Management Practices in West Tennessee
Authors: Jagadamma Sindhu , Essington Michael E. , Xu Sutie , Yin Xinhua 
Published: February 2019

Core Ideas
Soil management effects on depth distribution of SOC in southeastern US was studied.
Significant response of SOC to long‐term tillage was observed mostly in the surface 5 cm.
SOC accumulation was favored by corn and cotton systems than soybean systems down to 22.5 cm.
Long‐term cover cropping did not increase total and active SOC.
There was a strong and significant positive relationship between total SOC and POXC.
Soil organic carbon (SOC) content is strongly influenced by agricultural management practices. Leveraging three long‐term field experiments in Tennessee, this study analyzed the effect of crop rotation, tillage, and cover crops on SOC and permanganate‐oxidizable C (POXC) at various soil depth increments (0–2.5, 2.5–5, 5–7.5, 7.5–10, 10–15, 15–22.5, 22.5–30, 30–45, and 45–60 cm), as well as at the 0‐ to 15‐cm profile. Corn (Zea mays L.) and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)–based systems showed increased SOC from 0 to 22.5 cm compared with soybean [Glycine max (L.), Merr.]–based systems. Additionally, no‐till systems accumulated more SOC than tilled systems from 0 to 5 cm, but cover cropping showed no effects. Results also showed a significant positive relationship between SOC and POXC (P < 0.0001, r2 = 0.93). This study revealed that SOC and POXC are strongly influenced by management practices in the surface shallower depth increments of southeastern US croplands.
Comparison of Yield Components and Physiological Parameters of Drought Tolerant and Conventional Corn Hybrids
Authors: Bruns H. Arnold 
Published: February 2019

Core Ideas

Drought‐tolerant corn hybrids did not out‐yield conventional corn hybrids.
No yield components differed among hybrids.
Corn (Zea mays L.) consumes large quantities of water to produce yield. When sufficient hectares within an area are irrigated using deep wells, corn production can contribute to depleting underground aquafers. Hybrids genetically engineered for drought tolerance have recently become available to producers. Six hybrids, three sold as drought tolerant, were evaluated for yield, yield components, and physiological parameters of net assimilation rate (A), stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration rate (Em), intercellular CO2 (Ci), and intrinsic water use efficiency (IWUE) during early reproductive growth in 2014 through 2016 with irrigated and nonirrigated treatments applied after anthesis. Irrigation did not improve yields among hybrids in any year. Hybrid differences in yield occurred each year but with no consistency across years, and genetically drought‐tolerant hybrids were not always superior. Mean yields by year were 2016 (12,590 kg ha−1) > 2015 (10,214 kg ha−1) > 2014 (7843 kg ha−1). Low yields in 2014 are attributed to fewer kernels per plant due to possible Formesafen herbicide carryover applied to soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) the previous year. Of the physiological parameters measured (A, gs, Em, Ci, and IWUE), no hybrid differences were observed, only Em was found to be greater at anthesis (R1) than at kernel filling (R2), and irrigated treatments had greater Em than nonirrigated treatments. Data from this experiment and its environmental conditions showed no yield or physiological differences between drought‐tolerant and conventional corn hybrids. Only on nonirrigated fields during limited soil moisture would drought‐tolerant hybrids possibly be beneficial. Any reduction in irrigation by growing drought‐resistant hybrids could not be determined in this experiment.
Evaluation of the Desiccation of Campomanesia adamantium Seed Using Radiographic Analysis and the Relation with Physiological Potential
Authors: Leão‐Araújo Érica F. , Gomes Francisco G. , de Silva Anderson R. , Peixoto Nei , de Souza Eli Regina B. 
Published: February 2019

Core Ideas

Dehydration of C. adamantium seed is followed by a decrease in seed viability and vigor.
Physical injury damage and internal free space increase as the seed dehydrates.
X‐ray images can be used to evaluate the internal morphology of C. adamantium seed.
Internal morphology is related to germination and vigor.
Sensitivity to desiccation is a characteristic that hinders the ex situ conservation of seeds, which can result in reduction of viability and vigor as the water is lost. Dehydration is sometimes followed by the occurrence of injuries and retraction of tissues. In this study, radiographic images of Campomanesia adamantium (Cambess.) O. Berg. seed were used to evaluate changes caused by desiccation in the internal morphology and their relationships with germination and vigor. The initial water content of the seed was determined (48%) and adjustments were made to obtain samples with water content of 36, 30, 27, 24, and 21% (wet basis). Evaluations of germination, germination first count, speed germination index, mean germination time, and seedling length were performed. Individual radiographs of the seed were obtained using digital x‐ray equipment. The images were used to identify cracked seed (CS) and to determine the internal free space (IFS). Data were subjected to analysis of variance and the effect of desiccation studied through polynomial regression. Seed viability and vigor decreased linearly as the seed desiccated. The results indicated that IFS and CS are positively associated with the loss of water. The loss of germination and vigor of C. adamantium seed is related to changes in the internal morphology during desiccation, which can be identified by x‐ray imaging.
An Investigation of Degrees and Possible Biomarkers of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver (NAFL) Disease
Authors: Şenyiğit Abdulhalim , Yaprak Bülent , Orhanoğlu Timur 
Published: February 2019

Aim: In this study, we aimed to investigate the related biochemical markers and their correlations in non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) disease.Materials and Methods: Patient files of individuals who came to our hospital for routine controls without any complaints were reviewed retrospectively. One hundred and forty-eight individuals (94 females; 54 males) whose ultrasonographic examination revealed varying degrees of NAFL disease constituted the patients group and 149 individuals (76 females; 73 males) whose results were clear the healthy controls group. We reviewed the ultrasonographically determined NAFL disease grades and fasting blood glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, uric acid, C-reactive protein (CRP), triglyceride, LDL, HDL, TSH, vitamin D, AST, ALT, GGT and ALP values of a total of 297 patients.Results: With respect to sex, NAFL prevalence was significantly higher in the patients group than in the healthy controls for males (p=0.029). Similarly, fasting blood glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, uric acid, triglyceride, HDL, ALT, AST, GGT and CRP levels were also significantly higher in the patients group. No effect of low HDL and vitamin D levels on NAFL disease grade was observed. Analyses based on NAFL disease grade showed statistically significant difference between the subgroups of disease grade of the patients group in terms of fasting blood glucose, HOMA-IR, ALT, AST and GGT mean values. When the analyses were repeated after the grade 2 and 3 subgroups were combined, there was statistically significant difference between the new grade 1 and 2 subgroups in terms of fasting blood glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, ALT and GGT mean values. This time there was statistically significant difference in terms of mean insulin levels also, while the difference between the AST levels decreased.Discussion and Conclusion: Our study suggests that apparently healthy individuals also be examined for presence of NAFL disease because timely diagnosis and appropriate management could significantly help prevent complications such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
An evaluation of prognostic factors for tympanoplasty with titanium prostheses in chronic ear surgery
Authors: CALİM Omer Faruk , VERİM Aysegul , ÖZKUL Murat Haluk , KİLCİ Gamze Didem , BAŞER Engin , YAŞAR Hüsamettin , YENİGUN Alper 
Published: February 2019

Aim: This study aimed to assess the effects of preoperatively measured middle ear risk index (MERI) and intraoperative ossicular chain findings on postoperative hearing in patients who underwent ossiculoplasty performed by using universal titanium prostheses.Materials and Methods: Patients who underwent ear surgery using universal titanium prostheses due to malfunctioning in the incus were included. Preoperative ear examination results, surgical findings, and MERI scores were assessed. Preoperative and postoperative air-conduction and bone-conduction hearing thresholds and air-bone gap were assessed at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz frequencies.Results: We found that presence of the malleus and stapes suprastructure and prognostic MERI grading affected the reconstruction success rate. The air-bone gap results were found to be 100%, 87.5% and 12.5% in the mild, moderate, and severe MERI groups, respectively.Discussion and Conclusion: In line with the literature, we observed that preoperative MERI scoring might help surgeons develop a patient-specific operation strategy by providing guidance during ossiculoplasty
CARACTERÍSTICAS HOSPITALEIRAS DO ANFITRIÃO DE MEIOS DE HOSPEDAGEM MANIFESTADAS NOS DEPOIMENTOS DOS HÓSPEDES
Authors: Marques Roseane Barcellos 
Published: February 2019

A hospitalidade e competitividade em serviços mantem uma transformação constante em relação ao comportamento dos agentes econômicos e imprime a urgência de sua ressignificação possibilitada pela inovação na criação de valor. Nesse sentido a característica “bem receber”, inerente às atividades do setor hoteleiro, foi observada nessa pesquisa com a lente das características hospitaleiras (hospitableness) discutidas em Tasci & Semrad (2016). Os meios de hospedagem, analisados neste artigo são: Hotel Le Renard, Botanique Hotel e SPA, Carballho Hotel e SPA, Hotel Satélite Campos do Jordão, Hotel Vila Inglesa e L.A.H. Hostellerie os quais receberam o selo Traveler’s Choice-2017/TripAdvisor, em Campos do Jordão. A questão de pesquisa deste estudo consiste em: Quais as características hospitaleiras manifestadas nos depoimentos online dos anfitriões de meios de hospedagens em Campos do Jordão? A partir desta problemática tem-se como objetivo investigar e analisar os depoimentos disponíveis no site TripAdvisor a fim de identificar a existência de hospitalidade e de cocriação de valor na relação anfitrião e hóspede. A análise de conteúdo dos 138 depoimentos observados na pesquisa foi realizada com a utilização do software NVivo 10 for MAC. A pesquisa confirmou que o componente hospitaleiro (Heartwarming) recebeu destaque nos depoimentos analisados.
Autophagy and Apoptosis Specific Knowledgebases-guided Systems Pharmacology Drug Research
Authors: Fan Peihao , Wang Nanyi , Wang Lirong , Xie Xiang-Qun 
Published: February 2019

Background:Autophagy and apoptosis are the basic physiological processes in cells that clean up aged and mutant cellular components or even the entire cells. Both autophagy and apoptosis are disrupted in most major diseases such as cancer and neurological disorders. Recently, increasing attention has been paid to understand the crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis due to their tightly synergetic or opposite functions in several pathological processes.Objective:This study aims to assist autophagy and apoptosis-related drug research, clarify the intense and complicated connections between two processes, and provide a guide for novel drug development.Methods:We established two chemical-genomic databases which are specifically designed for autophagy and apoptosis, including autophagy- and apoptosis-related proteins, pathways and compounds. We then performed network analysis on the apoptosis- and autophagy-related proteins and investigated the full protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of these two closely connected processes for the first time.Results:The overlapping targets we discovered show a more intense connection with each other than other targets in the full network, indicating a better efficacy potential for drug modulation. We also found that Death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1) is a critical point linking autophagy- and apoptosis-related pathways beyond the overlapping part, and this finding may reveal some delicate signaling mechanism of the process. Finally, we demonstrated how to utilize our integrated computational chemogenomics tools on in silico target identification for small molecules capable of modulating autophagy- and apoptosis-related pathways.Conclusion:The knowledge-bases for apoptosis and autophagy and the integrated tools will accelerate our work in autophagy and apoptosis-related research and can be useful sources for information searching, target prediction, and new chemical discovery.
Prepubertal IGF-1 and Possible Relation with Physical Features of Growth and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Hamed Mohamed Saad , El-Sherbeny Alyaa Ahmed , El-din Ahmed Mohamed Bahaa 
Published: February 2019

Background:T1DM is considered as the most common chronic metabolic autoimmune disorder in childhood and adolescence as well as in the early adulthood. It appears frequently during 12- 13 years of age with distinctive features like immune-mediated chronic damage of pancreatic β-cells, leading eventually to partial, or mostly, absolute insulin deficiency. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is a polypeptide consisting of 70 amino acids with insulin-like chemical structure. In most cases, IGF-1 is a reliable growth marker and an anabolic one in adults. It plays an important role in the regulation of various physiological functions, e.g., glucose metabolism, cell survival and proliferation.Objective:To compare the levels of IGF-1 in children having type-1 diabetes with that of healthy controls and also to determine whether there is a relationship between IGF-1 and physical features in T1DM.Patients and Methods:The current study was conducted on 85 children of both sexes. Seventy patients were less than 12 years old with T1DMselected according to ADA 2014 criteria for diagnosis of diabetes from pediatric diabetes clinic at Ain Shams University hospital. All patients were divided into 2 groups based on the duration of diabetes to T1DM>1year duration and T1DM < 1year duration and they were compared with fifteen normal children, attending the pediatric general clinics as a control group. Measurements of height, weight, and arm span, upper body segment, lower body segment, and body mass index, parents’ height beside Fasting blood glucose, HbA1C, IGF-1, FSH, and LH were noted.Results:Height percentile significantly higher inT1DM less than 1 year median 50 (10 to 75) than T1DM more than one year (median10 (3 to 44) p-value 0.007). IGF-1 level in the group of T1DM less than 1year median 90 (70 to 110) (ng/ml) was significantly lower than other groups (p-value 0.0008). IGF1 has a significant positive relation with Aram span in group T1DM more than 1year (p-value 0.024), positive significant relationship between mother height and IGF-1 level in group T1DM less than 1 year (p-value 0.013).Conclusion:IGF-1 level is reduced by the recent onset of T1DM but still it has some effect on the somatic features even in the presence of longstanding diabetes.
Design, Synthesis, and Anti-bacterial Activity of Novel Deoxycholic Acid- Amino Alcohol Conjugates
Authors: Mishra Satyendra , Patel Sejal 
Published: February 2019

Background:
Numerous synthetic bile acid derivatives have been recognized for their
various biological activities. Among these, bile acid amides have emerged as an attractive antibacterial
agent. We herein illustrate the synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of deoxycholic acidamino
alcohols conjugates.

Objective:
Design and Synthesis of novel deoxycholic acid-amino alcohol conjugates to investigate
their antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus.

Methods:
Novel deoxycholic acid-amino alcohol conjugates were synthesized, from conjugation
of deoxycholic acid-NHS ester with amino alcohols. Various amino alcohols moieties were appended
to the C24 position of deoxycholic acid to yield deoxycholic acid-amino alcohol conjugates.
All the synthesized compounds were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR and massspectroscopy.
The entire synthesized deoxycholic acid-amino alcohol conjugates were evaluated
for their antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus using the broth dilution method.

Results:
The outcome illustrated that some of the novel deoxycholic acid-amino alcohol
conjugates exhibited enhanced anti-bacterial activities. Amongst them, deoxycholic acid-amino
alcohol conjugate containing (-R)-2-aminocyclohexanol (1) demonstrated promising efficacy
against both strains S. aureus ATCC 25923 (MIC 15 μg/mL) and E. coli ATCC 25922 (MIC 45
μg/mL) and was identified as a lead molecule.

Conclusion:
Numbers of novel deoxycholic acid-amino alcohol conjugates were synthesized and
their antimicrobial activities provided useful information that the potency was strongly depending
on the structures of deoxycholic acid-amino alcohol conjugates.
Evaluation of Chemotherapeutic Activity of the Selected Bases’ Analogues of Nucleic Acids Supported by ab initio Various Quantum Chemical Calculations
Authors: Kawczak Piotr , Bober Leszek , Bączek Tomasz 
Published: February 2019

Background:
Pharmacological and physicochemical classification of bases’ selected analogues
of nucleic acids is proposed in the study.

Objective:
Structural parameters received by the PCM (Polarizable Continuum Model) with several
types of calculation methods for the structures in vacuo and in the aquatic environment together
with the huge set of extra molecular descriptors obtained by the professional software and literature
values of biological activity were used to search the relationships.

Methods:
Principal Component Analysis (PCA) together with Factor Analysis (FA) and Multiple
Linear Regressions (MLR) as the types of the chemometric approach based on semi-empirical
ab initio molecular modeling studies were performed.

Results:
The equations with statistically significant descriptors were proposed to demonstrate both
the common and differentiating characteristics of the bases' analogues of nucleic acids based on the
quantum chemical calculations and biological activity data.

Conclusion:
The obtained QSAR models can be used for predicting and explaining the activity of
studied molecules.
Thymoquinone Effects on Cell Viability, Apoptosis and VEGF-A Gene Expression Level in AGS(CRL-1739) Cell Line
Authors: Rashid Mohsen , Sanjarin Forough , Sabouni Farzaneh 
Published: February 2019

Background:Cancer is one of the most fatal diseases across the world and it was reported that 90% of cancer fatality depends on its angiogenesis potential. Black seed or Nigella sativa L. is a medicinal plant native to southwest Asia. N. sativa has been used for medicinal purposes for centuries and predominantly has bioactive components like Thymoquinone, which is used as a candidate for anti-cancer and anti-angiogenesis drugs.Methods:Callus was induced from leaf tissue, after that alcoholic extracts were prepared from three-month-old calluses. Thymoquinone content was measured by HPLC methods. AGS cell line was cultured and treated with standard Thymoquinone and extracts from callus. Then, cell proliferation, expression of angiogenic factor (VEGF-A gene), and apoptosis test were done by MTT assay, real-time PCR and Annexin-v kit, respectively.Results:HPLC found the maximum amount of Thymoquinone in the extract of leaf calluses, which were grown in the dark. MTT assay revealed that particular doses of extracts reduced cell proliferation. Real-time and Fluorescence- Activated Cell Sorting (FACS) results demonstrated that standard Thymoquinone and callus extracts down-regulated the VEGF-A gene expression, and all three induced apoptosis in the AGS cell line.Conclusion:It has been shown that TQ has pro-apoptotic and anti-metastatic effects on stomach cancer cell line, and these properties can introduce it as an anti-cancer drug in the near future.