bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fractal motor activity during wakefulness and sleep: a window into depression recency and symptom recurrence
Authors: Minaeva O. , Riese H. , Booij S. H. , Lamers F. , Giltay E. J. , Scheer F. A. J. L. , Hu K. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundMotor activity fluctuations in healthy adults exhibit fractal patterns characterized by consistent temporal correlations across wide-ranging time scales. However, these patterns are disrupted by aging and psychiatric conditions. This study aims to investigate how fractal patterns vary across the sleep–wake cycle, differ based on individuals' recency of depression diagnosis, and change before and after a depressive episode.MethodsUsing actigraphy from two cohorts (n = 378), we examined fractal motor activity patterns both between individuals without depression and with varying recencies of depression and within individuals before and after depressive symptom recurrence. To evaluate fractal patterns, we quantified temporal correlations in motor activity fluctuations across different time scales using a scaling exponent, α. Linear mixed models were utilized to assess the influence of the sleep–wake cycle, (recency of) depression, and their interaction on α.ResultsFractal activity patterns in all individuals varied across the sleep–wake cycle, showing stronger temporal correlations during wakefulness (larger α = 1.035 ± 0.003) and more random activity fluctuations during sleep (smaller α = 0.784 ± 0.004, p < 0.001). This sleep–wake difference was reduced in recently depressed individuals (1–6 months), leading to larger α during sleep (0.836 ± 0.017), compared to currently depressed (0.781 ± 0.018, p = 0.006), remitted (0.776 ± 0.014, p < 0.001), and never-depressed individuals (0.773 ± 0.016, p < 0.001). Moreover, remitted individuals who experienced depressive symptom recurrence during antidepressant tapering exhibited a larger α during sleep after the symptom onset as compared to before (after: α = 0.703 ± 0.022; before: α = 0.680 ± 0.022; p < 0.001).ConclusionsThese findings suggest a link between fractal motor activity patterns during sleep and depressive symptom recurrence in remitted individuals and those with recent depression.
Artificial intelligence for collective intelligence: a national-scale research strategy
Authors: Bullock Seth , Ajmeri Nirav , Batty Mike , Black Michaela , Cartlidge John , Challen Robert , Chen Cangxiong , Chen Jing , Condell Joan , Danon Leon , Dennett Adam , Heppenstall Alison , Marshall Paul , Morgan Phil , O’Kane Aisling , Smith Laura G. E. , Smith Theresa , Williams Hywel T. P. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have great potential to help address societal challenges that are both collective in nature and present at national or transnational scale. Pressing challenges in healthcare, finance, infrastructure and sustainability, for instance, might all be productively addressed by leveraging and amplifying AI for national-scale collective intelligence. The development and deployment of this kind of AI faces distinctive challenges, both technical and socio-technical. Here, a research strategy for mobilising inter-disciplinary research to address these challenges is detailed and some of the key issues that must be faced are outlined.
Identification of risk areas for avian influenza outbreaks in domestic poultry in Mali using the GIS-MCDA approach
Authors: Sanogo Idrissa Nonmon , Fusade-Boyer Maxime , Molia Sophie , Koita Ousmane A. , Camus Christelle , Ducatez Mariette F. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Mali is a country where little information is known about the circulation of avian influenza viruses (AIVs) in poultry. Implementing risk-based surveillance strategies would allow early detection and rapid control of AIVs outbreaks in the country. In this study, we implemented a multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) method coupled with geographic information systems (GIS) to identify risk areas for AIVs occurrence in domestic poultry in Mali. Five risk factors associated with AIVs occurrence were identified from the literature, and their relative weights were determined using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Spatial data were collected for each risk factor and processed to produce risk maps for AIVs outbreaks using a weighted linear combination (WLC). We identified the southeast regions (Bamako and Sikasso) and the central region (Mopti) as areas with the highest risk of AIVs occurrence. Conversely, northern regions were considered low-risk areas. The risk areas agree with the location of HPAI outbreaks in Mali. This study provides the first risk map using the GIS-MCDA approach to identify risk areas for AIVs occurrence in Mali. It should provide a basis for designing risk-based and more cost-effective surveillance strategies for the early detection of avian influenza outbreaks in Mali.
Sixty-year trends in sulphur dioxide emissions from anthropogenic ground-based sources in Antarctica
Authors: Kakareka Sergey 
Published: December 2024

AbstractKnowledge of trends of pollutants released into the environment is very important for interpreting the observed trends in pollution of natural environments and forecasting their development. This article reconstructs for the first time a series of sulphur dioxide emissions from the main categories of land-based sources of emissions in Antarctica (diesel generators, heating systems, vehicles and waste incineration) over 60 years: from the beginning of the intensive construction of scientific stations in 1960 until 2019. The trends in the sulphur content of fuels and the dynamics of fuel consumption by the main categories of emission sources are taken into account. According to the estimates obtained, total emissions of sulphur dioxide in Antarctica varied in the range of 28.6–161.3 tons. This paper establishes that the greatest levels of sulphur dioxide emissions occurred in the late 1980s–beginning of the 1990s. In subsequent years, there was a rapid reduction in emissions, primarily due to a reduction of the sulphur content of fuels. The rates of reduction of sulphur dioxide emissions for different areas of Antarctica are also shown.
Bilinguals’ sensitivity to specificity and genericity: evidence from implicit and explicit knowledge
Authors: Hervé Coralie , Lawyer Laurel 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The present paper investigates whether school-aged French-English bilingual children’s implicit and explicit knowledge of article use is affected by cross-linguistic influence (CLI) during online and offline sentence comprehension. The studies focus on the encoding of plural and mass nouns in specific and generic contexts. We also explore whether individual measures of oral proficiency, language exposure and age play a role in the children’s performance. Forty-three 8-to-10-year-old French-English bilingual children took part in a Self-Paced Reading task, a Grammaticality Judgement task and a Cloze test in their two languages. Overall, CLI was observed across tasks in English and French. These findings suggest that CLI can be bi-directional and tap into school-aged bilinguals’ implicit and explicit representations during sentence comprehension and production. The data also makes a new contribution to our understanding of the relative amount of language exposure, oral proficiency and age on CLI.
Equality and Non-Discrimination in Armed Conflict: Humanitarian and Human Rights Law in Practice
Authors: Dvaladze George 
Published: December 2024

In this edition of the Review's “Beyond the Literature” series, we have invited George Dvaladze to introduce his recent book Equality and Non-Discrimination in Armed Conflict, before then posing a series of questions to Nelly Kamunde, Mona Rishmawi, Vanessa Murphy and Alexander Breitegger.Nelly Kamunde is a lawyer in Kenya and has been working as an independent researcher, lecturer, and trainer with various institutions in international humanitarian law (IHL). Mona Rishmawi is the former Chief of the Rule of Law, Equality and Non-Discrimination Branch of the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights. Vanessa Murphy is the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) Legal Adviser responsible for conflict-related legal issues regarding gender, the protection of children and the protection of the environment. Alexander Breitegger is a Senior Legal Adviser at the ICRC's Thematic Legal Advice Unit; he focuses on IHL and persons with disabilities as part of his thematic files and provides support for the implementation of the ICRC Vision 2030 on Disability.The Review team is grateful to all four discussants, and to George, for taking part in this engaging conversation.
Sleep value and sleep resilience are important dimensions of sleep health and we measured them: Methods for the Sleep Resilience and Variance in Sleep Valuation (SRVIV) study
Authors: Sherriff Dustin , Ward Levi , Calvin Danika , Klingonsmith Bryce , Kay Daniel B. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Sleep health is a multidimensional construct that is essential for general health and well-being. Sleep value, the amount of worth an individual places on their sleep, and sleep resilience, the ability to function emotionally, cognitively, and physically in the presence of sleep disturbances, are overlooked dimensions of sleep health. To study these sleep health dimensions, we developed the Sleep Valuation Item Bank 2.0, Values Inventory, Monetary Sleep Value Questionnaire, and Sleep Resilience Questionnaire. This paper describes the methods for the Sleep Resilience and Variance in Sleep Valuation (SRVIV) Study. The SRVIV study was conducted to explore the factor structure of sleep value and sleep resilience and determine how they relate to demographic, sleep, and psychological variables. This study resulted in an analysis sample of 455 participants who were recruited by a Qualtrics team and completed a Qualtrics survey consisting of demographic, anxiety, depression, and sleep-related questionnaires, in addition to sleep value and sleep resilience questionnaires. Adult participants were recruited throughout the continental United States and were predominately female (53%), white (82%), married (50%), and had an average age of 45.4 years. The data resulting from this study can be used to address important questions in the field of sleep psychology.
Connecting Global Water Agendas: From Wicked Problematization to Opportunities for Action
Authors: Howard B. C. , Buytaert W. , Krause S. , Hannah D. M. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractGlobal water security is one of humanity's greatest challenges, yet it also represents an opportunity to catalyze transformative change. The very properties of water security that make it difficult to address also introduce potential for it to connect global agendas like climate change mitigation and adaptation planning and the sustainable development goals. We show that intergovernmental and scientific global agendas on water already embody this sentiment and highlight opportunities to better connect these agendas to accelerate action on water.
Flow and Deformation in Earth's Deepest Mantle: Insights From Geodynamic Modeling and Comparisons With Seismic Observations
Authors: Li Mingming , Wolf Jonathan , Garnero Edward , Long Maureen D. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe dynamics of Earth's D″ layer at the base of the mantle plays an essential role in Earth's thermal and chemical evolution. Mantle convection in D″ is thought to result in seismic anisotropy; therefore, observations of anisotropy may be used to infer lowermost mantle flow. However, the connections between mantle flow and seismic anisotropy in D″ remain ambiguous. Here, we calculate the present‐day mantle flow field in D″ using 3D global geodynamic models. We then compute strain, a measure of deformation, outside the two large‐low velocity provinces (LLVPs) and compare the distribution of strain with previous observations of anisotropy. We find that, on a global scale, D″ materials are advected toward the LLVPs. The strains of D″ materials generally increase with time along their paths toward the LLVPs and toward deeper depths, but regions far from LLVPs may develop relative high strain as well. Materials in D″ outside the LLVPs mostly undergo lateral stretching, with the stretching direction often aligning with mantle flow direction, especially in fast flow regions. In most models, the depth‐averaged strain in D″ is >0.5 outside the LLVPs, consistent with widespread observations of seismic anisotropy. Flow directions inferred from anisotropy observations often (but not always) align with predictions from geodynamic modeling calculations.
Simultaneous achieving negative photoconductivity response and volatile resistive switching in Cs2CoCl4 single crystals towards artificial optoelectronic synapse
Authors: Jiang Huifang , Ji Huifang , Ma Zhuangzhuang , Yang Dongwen , Ma Jingli , Zhang Mengyao , Li Xu , Wang Meng , Li Ying , Chen Xu , Wu Di , Li Xinjian , Shan Chongxin , Shi Zhifeng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe development of negative photoconductivity (NPC)-related devices is of great significance for numerous applications, such as optoelectronic detection, neuromorphic computing, and optoelectronic synapses. Here, an unusual but interesting NPC phenomenon in the novel cesium cobalt chlorine (Cs2CoCl4) single crystal-based optoelectronic devices is reported, which simultaneously possess volatile resistive switching (RS) memory behavior. Joint experiment−theory characterizations reveal that the NPC behavior is derived from the intrinsic vacancy defects of Cs2CoCl4, which could trap photogenerated charge carriers and produce an internal electric field opposite to the applied electric field. Such NPC effect enables an abnormal photodetection performance with a decrease in electrical conductivity to illumination. Also, a large specific detectivity of 2.7 × 1012 Jones and broadband NPC detection wavelength from 265 to 780 nm were achieved. In addition to the NPC response, the resulting devices demonstrate a volatile RS performance with a record-low electric field of 5 × 104 V m−1. By integrating the characteristics of electric-pulse enhancement from RS and light-pulse depression from NPC, an artificial optoelectronic synapse was successfully demonstrated, and based on the simulation of artificial neural network algorithm, the recognition application of handwritten digital images was realized. These pioneer findings are anticipated to contribute significantly to the practical advancement of metal halides in the fields of in-memory technologies and artificial intelligence.
Ocean warming drives immediate mass loss from calving glaciers in the high Arctic
Authors: Foss Ø. , Maton J. , Moholdt G. , Schmidt L. S. , Sutherland D. A. , Fer I. , Nilsen F. , Kohler J. , Sundfjord A. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractGlaciers in the Arctic have lost considerable mass during the last two decades. About a third of the glaciers by area drains into the ocean, yet the mechanisms and drivers governing mass loss at glacier calving fronts are poorly constrained in part due to few long-term glacier-ocean observations. Here, we combine a detailed satellite-based record of calving front ablation for Austfonna, the largest ice cap on Svalbard, with in-situ ocean records from an offshore mooring and modelled freshwater runoff for the period 2018-2022. We show that submarine melting and calving occur almost exclusively in autumn for all types of outlet glaciers, even for the surging and fast-flowing glacier Storisstraumen. Ocean temperature controls the observed frontal ablation, whereas subglacial runoff of surface meltwater appears to have little direct impact on the total ablation. The seasonal warming of the offshore waters varies both in magnitude, depth and timing, suggesting a complex interplay between inflowing Atlantic-influenced water at depth and seasonally warmed surface water in the Barents Sea. The immediate response of frontal ablation to seasonal ocean warming suggests that marine-terminating glaciers in high Arctic regions exposed to Atlantification are prone to rapid changes that should be accounted for in future glacier projections.
Associations between pesticide use and rheumatoid arthritis among older farmers in the Agricultural Health Study
Authors: Parks Christine G. , Leyzarovich Darya , Hamra Ghassan B. , Costenbader Karen H. , Chen Dazhe , Hofmann Jonathan N. , Freeman Laura E. Beane , Sandler Dale P. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPesticides and farming have been associated with increased rheumatoid arthritis (RA) risk, but the role of specific pesticides remains unknown. We examined RA risk among licensed pesticide applicators (97% white male farmers), from North Carolina and Iowa, in the Agricultural Health Study, in relation to lifetime use of 45 pesticides reported at enrollment (1993–1997, updated 1999–2003). In 22,642 applicators ages ≥ 67 years with ≥ 24 months Fee for Service Medicare data (1999–2016), we identified 161 (0.7%) incident cases with ≥ 2 RA claims (including ≥ 1 by a rheumatologist), ≥ 30 days apart, after ≥ 12 months without RA claims. Relative risks (RR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) were calculated using log-binomial models adjusted for age, state, education, smoking, and correlated pesticides. Risk was elevated (RR > 1.5 or lower CI > 0.95) for use of nine pesticides: four insecticides [malathion (RR = 1.77;95%CI = 1.14–2.73), phorate (1.40;0.96–2.04), carbaryl (1.65;1.10–2.46), carbofuran (1.41;0.99–2.01)], four herbicides [alachlor (RR = 1.40;95%CI 0.99–1.98), metolachlor (1.57;1.11–2.23), S-Ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate (1.57;1.00-2.44), metribuzin (1.45; 1.01, 2.08)], and one fungicide [benomyl (1.56;0.99–2.44)]. Exposure-response was seen for greater intensity-weighted lifetime days use of malathion and carbofuran (p-trends = 0.03 and 0.05). Some specific pesticides, including several currently approved and commonly used in agricultural, public health, or residential settings may increase RA risk among older adults.
Comprehensive copy number analysis of spinal muscular atrophy among the Iranian population
Authors: Khanbazi Ali , Beheshtian Maryam , Azad Maryam , Akbari Kelishomi Masoumeh , Afroozan Fariba , Fatehi Fatemeh , Noudehi Khadijeh , Zamanian Najafabadi Shima , Omrani Mohammadamin , Habibi Haleh , Taghdiri Maryam , Abdi Rad Isa , Nafissi Shahriar , Jankhah Aria , Yazdan Hilda , Daneshmand Parvaneh , Saberi Seyed Hosseinali , Kahrizi Kimia , Kariminejad Ariana , Najmabadi Hossein 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCopy number variations in the SMN1 gene on chromosome 5 are the primary cause of Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) disease, characterized by muscle weakness and degeneration due to impaired alpha motor neurons in the spinal cord. To obtain a comprehensive molecular understanding of the SMA, including carriers, silent carriers, and patients in the Iranian population, we analyzed data from 5224 individuals referred to Kariminejad - Najmabadi Pathology & Genetics Center, Tehran, Iran, between 2006 and 2023 using MLPA and quantitative RT-PCR methods. The carrier frequency of SMA was estimated to be 5.55%. Furthermore, 3.06% of SMA parents (n = 24) had two copies of the SMN1 gene. Among 725 patients, those with an earlier onset of SMA were more likely to have two copies of the SMN2 gene (46.45%) and no copies of the NAIP gene (49.36%). Among the 654 fetal samples screened for SMA, 22.33% were found to be affected, while 3.46% of their parents tested normal. These findings are valuable for genetic counseling, carrier screening, and prenatal diagnosis of SMA in Iran. Furthermore, they underscore the importance of CNV analysis of SMN1, SMN2, and NAIP genes for accurate diagnosis and prognosis of SMA.
Photon-counting in dual-contrast-enhanced computed tomography: a proof-of-concept quantitative biomechanical assessment of articular cartilage
Authors: Paakkari Petri , Inkinen Satu I. , Mohammadi Ali , Nieminen Miika T. , Joenathan Anisha , Grinstaff Mark W. , Töyräs Juha , Mäkelä Janne T. A. , Honkanen Juuso T. J. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis proof-of-concept study explores quantitative imaging of articular cartilage using photon-counting detector computed tomography (PCD-CT) with a dual-contrast agent approach, comparing it to clinical dual-energy CT (DECT). The diffusion of cationic iodinated CA4 + and non-ionic gadolinium-based gadoteridol contrast agents into ex vivo bovine medial tibial plateau cartilage was tracked over 72 h. Continuous maps of the contrast agents’ diffusion were created, and correlations with biomechanical indentation parameters (equilibrium and instantaneous moduli, and relaxation time constants) were examined at 28 specific locations. Cartilage at each location was analyzed as full-thickness to ensure a fair comparison, and calibration-based material decomposition was employed for concentration estimation. Both DECT and PCD-CT exhibit strong correlations between CA4 + content and biomechanical parameters, with PCD-CT showing superior significance, especially at later time points. DECT lacks significant correlations with gadoteridol-related parameters, while PCD-CT identifies noteworthy correlations between gadoteridol diffusion and biomechanical parameters. In summary, the experimental PCD-CT setup demonstrates superior accuracy and sensitivity in concentration estimation, suggesting its potential as a more effective tool for quantitatively assessing articular cartilage condition compared to a conventional clinical DECT scanner.
A novel deep unsupervised approach for super-resolution of remote sensing hyperspectral image using gompertz-function convergence war accelerometric-optimization generative adversarial network (GF-CWAO-GAN)
Authors: Deepthi K. , Shastry Aditya K. , Naresh E. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHyperspectral remote sensing images obtained from cameras are characterized by high-dimensions and low quality, which makes them unfavorable for various analytics purposes. This is due to the presence of visible and invisible frequencies of the reflected light making it poorly reveal the spectral signatures of the image. Visual communication advancement has paved the need for Image Super-Resolution (SR) which recovers high-resolution images from low-resolution images. Several works were carried out earlier on image SR using variants of supervised and unsupervised models that still lack accuracy. In this paper, we propose an unsupervised learning model titled Gompertz Function–based Convergence War Accelerometric Optimization–GAN framework for generating of High-Resolution (HR) images. The framework comprises a pre-processing stage, where the incoming Low-Resolution (LR) image is preprocessed for noise removal by applying Shannon-Gaussian Filter (S-GF). Following is the Gradient Domain Approach based Tone-Mapping (TM). Skew correction is done to remove distortion and maintain original resolution that may change during TM stage. The next stage comprises the boundary and edge enhancement of the resulting preprocessed image generated by the method of Inverse Gradient Mapping (IGM) followed by patch extraction to extract minute low-frequency information from the resulting boundary and edge-enhanced image. The contrast of the enhanced patches is improved by removing blurriness effect. The preprocessed image patches are then fed into the Gompertz Function-based Convergence War Accelerometric Optimization – GAN for feature mapping on the trained SR Image features that are clustered using Krzanowski and Li- Kantorovich Metric-K-Means clustering Algorithm (KL-KM-KMA) for effective generation of SR image. The developed model is validated for both qualitative and quantitative measurements. Comparisons are made with several other state-of -the-art methods for accuracy of 98.05%, precision of 97.98%, inception score of 8.71, Fréchet Inception Distance of 36.4 with reduced clustering and training time proving the efficiency of the proposed model.