bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Translating transcription: proteomics in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps reveals significant discordance with messenger RNA expression
Authors: Workman Alan D. , Nocera Angela L. , Mueller Sarina K. , Otu Hasan H. , Libermann Towia A. , Bleier Benjamin S. 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundMuch of the literature examining chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) immunopathology has been predicated on messenger RNA (mRNA) analysis with the assumption that transcriptional changes would reflect end‐effector protein expression. The purpose of this study was to test this hypothesis using matched transcriptomic and proteomic data sets.MethodsMatched tissue proteomic and transcriptomic arrays were quantified in CRSwNP polyp tissue and control inferior turbinate tissue (n = 10/group). Mucus samples were additionally collected in 6 subjects from each group. Proteins were grouped into functional categories by bioinformatics and differential expression analyses. Log‐log regression and Pearson correlations were performed to determine the level of agreement between data sets.ResultsOf the 1310 proteins examined, 393 were significantly differentially expressed in CRSwNP. On regression analysis, differences in protein expression were poorly predicted by differences in mRNA expression (R2 = 0.020, p < 0.05). Several genes canonically thought to be overexpressed in CRSwNP, including IL‐5, IL‐13, TSLP, CCL13, and CCL26, showed substantial increases in mRNA transcription, but had minimally or unchanged protein expression. Others, including IgE, periostin, CCL18, and CST1/2, were increased at both the transcriptomic and proteomic levels. Among differentially regulated proteins, tissue and mucus protein levels showed weak correlation (r = 0.26, p < 0.0001).ConclusionProteomic analysis in CRSwNP has revealed novel disease‐associated proteins and pathways, yet correlates poorly with transcriptomic data. The increasing availability of proteomic arrays opens the door to new potential explanatory mechanisms in CRSwNP and suggests that mRNA based studies should be validated with protein analysis.
Dynamics of the Bulk Hydrated Electron from Many‐Body Wave‐Function Theory
Authors: Wilhelm Jan , VandeVondele Joost , Rybkin Vladimir V. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe structure of the hydrated electron is a matter of debate as it evades direct experimental observation owing to the short life time and low concentrations of the species. Herein, the first molecular dynamics simulation of the bulk hydrated electron based on correlated wave‐function theory provides conclusive evidence in favor of a persistent tetrahedral cavity made up by four water molecules, and against the existence of stable non‐cavity structures. Such a cavity is formed within less than a picosecond after the addition of an excess electron to neat liquid water, with less regular cavities appearing as intermediates. The cavities are bound together by weak H−H bonds, the number of which correlates well with the number of coordinated water molecules, each type of cavity leaving a distinct spectroscopic signature. Simulations predict regions of negative spin density and a gyration radius that are both in agreement with experimental data.
Fuel efficiency‐oriented platooning control of connected nonlinear vehicles: A distributed economic MPC approach
Authors: He Defeng , Qiu Tianxiang , Luo Renshi 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis paper considers the fuel efficiency‐oriented platooning control problem of connected vehicles. We present a novel distributed economic model predictive control (EMPC) approach to solve the problem of the vehicle platoon subject to nonlinear dynamics and safety constraints. In order to improve fuel economy of the whole vehicle platoon, the fuel consumption criterion is used to design the distributed EMPC strategy for the platoon. Meanwhile, the car‐tracking performance is exploited to guarantee stability and string stability of the platoon. Then the fuel efficiency control problem of the platoon is formulated as a distributed dual‐layer economic optimal control problem, which is solved in a fashion of receding horizon. It is proved that the proposed strategy guarantees asymptotic stability and predecessor‐follower string stability as well as fuel economy of the whole platoon by minimizing the fuel consumption cost. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed strategy is highlighted by comparing its performance with that of the traditional distributed MPC strategy in numerical simulations.
Techno‐economic analysis of a novel hydrothermal liquefaction implementation with electrofuels for high carbon efficiency
Authors: Hansen Nick H. , Pedersen Thomas H. , Rosendahl Lasse A. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis study describes a techno‐economic analysis (TEA) to evaluate the feasibility of developing an electrofuel (eFUEL) system based on hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL). The system is developed to make use of the carbon in the aqueous and gas phases of an HTL process as inputs for the production of renewable transportation fuels, supplementing those from the ‘traditional’ HTL pathway. An Aspen Plus® model of the eFUEL system is developed containing a partial oxidation gasifier (POX), a reverse water gas shift (RWGS) reactor, and a Fischer–Tropsch (FT) process. The combined HTL, upgrading, and eFUEL (Electro‐HTL) system is designed with a capacity of 1000 tonne of organic matter per day as input. The electro‐HTL system increases carbon efficiency to 84.81% and the plant's fuel mass yield by 69.2% (from a yield of 27.8 to 47.0%) compared to a stand‐alone HTL and upgrading system. The TEA of the electro‐HTL system shows a minimum fuel‐selling price (MFSP) of 26.06 USD GJ−1, with a carbon efficiency of 84.91%. A sensitivity analysis is performed identifying hydrogen as the key cost influence on the MFSP. The study shows that the incorporation of the eFUEL system decreases the MFSP by 8.9% compared to the standalone HTL and upgrading system. The price generated by the electro‐HTL system is 1.5–2.2 times higher than the price of fossil gasoline. In conclusion, the study shows that the production of renewable drop‐in fuels using the electro‐HTL system is not only cost competitive with other alternative fuel processes, but also with fossil fuels. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
A comparison of human mesenchymal stem cell osteogenesis in poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels as a function of MMP‐sensitive crosslinker and crosslink density in chemically defined medium
Authors: Aziz Aaron H. , Bryant Stephanie J. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis study investigated osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells encapsulated in matrix‐metalloproteinase (MMP)‐sensitive poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels in chemically defined medium (10 ng/ml bone morphogenic factor‐2). Thiol‐norbornene photoclick hydrogels were formed with CRGDS and crosslinkers of PEG dithiol (nondegradable), CVPLS‐LYSGC (P1) or CRGRIGF‐LRTDC (P2; dash indicates cleavage site) at two crosslink densities. Exogenous MMP‐2 degraded P1 and P2 hydrogels similarly. MMP‐14 degraded P1 hydrogels more rapidly than P2 hydrogels. Cell spreading was greatest in P1 low crosslinked hydrogels and to a lesser degree in P2 low crosslinked hydrogels, but not evident in nondegradable and high crosslinked MMP‐sensitive hydrogels. Early osteogenesis (Alkaline phosphatase [ALP] activity) was accelerated in hydrogels that facilitated cell spreading. Contrarily, late osteogenesis (mineralization) was independent of cell spreading. Mineralized matrix was present in P1 hydrogels, but only present in P2 high crosslinked hydrogels and not yet present in nondegradable hydrogels. Overall, the low crosslinked P1 hydrogels exhibited an accelerated early and late osteogenesis with the highest ALP activity (Day 7), greatest calcium content (Day 14), and greatest collagen content (Day 28), concomitant with increased compressive modulus over time. Collectively, this study demonstrates that in chemically defined medium, hydrogel degradability is critical to accelerating early osteogenesis, but other factors are important in late osteogenesis.
Beyond win–win: A syncretic theory on corporate stakeholder engagement in sustainable development
Authors: Martinez Fabien , Peattie Ken , Vazquez‐Brust Diego 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis article explores the concept of syncretism to articulate the construct of a novel theoretical approach that may help to accelerate progress in developing substantively more sustainable business activities. One reason why the integration of environmental and social responsibility in business has been so difficult to achieve in practice is that it is not just a battle of competing business logics but a battle of faiths. The concept of syncretism, with its roots in religious synthesis, may be far more relevant and useful than conventional approaches to combining the two, which rarely seem to rise above a “win–win” appeal to logic. The connectionist logic of syncretism may show us a way beyond paradigmatic conformity in business sustainability research so that scholars with diverse theoretical backgrounds might have a common ground for discussion, find constructive connections, and engage in potentially more insightful and creative interactions to develop our understanding of corporate sustainability.
Nucleolipids of the Nucleoside Antibiotics Formycins A and B: Synthesis and Biomedical Characterization Particularly Using Glioblastoma Cells
Authors: Rosemeyer Helmut , Knies Christine , Hammerbacher Katharina , Bender Eugenia , Bonaterra Gabriel A. , Hannen Ricarda , Bartsch Jörg W. , Nimsky Christopher , Kinscherf Ralf 
Published: February 2019

AbstractTwo lipophilic derivatives of formycin A (1) and formycin B (5) carrying an O‐2′,3′‐(ethyl levulinate) ketal group have been prepared. These were base‐alkylated at N(1) (for 1) and N(1) and N(6) (for 5) with both isopentenyl and all‐trans‐farnesyl residues. Upon the prenylation, side reactions were observed, resulting in the formation of nucleolipids with a novel tricyclic nucleobase (→4a, 4b). In the case of formycin B, O‐2′,3′‐(ethyl levulinate) (6) farnesylation gave the double prenylated nucleolipid 7. All new compounds were characterized by 1H‐, 13C‐, UV/VIS and fluorescence spectroscopy, by ESI‐MS spectrometry and/or by elemental analysis. Log P determinations between water and octanol as well as water and cyclohexane of a selection of compounds allowed qualitative conclusions concerning their potential blood‐brain barrier passage efficiency. All compounds were investigated in vitro with respect to their cytotoxic activity toward rat malignant neuroectodermal BT4Ca as well as against a series of human glioblastoma cell lines (GOS 3, U‐87 MG and GBM 2014/42). In order to differentiate between anticancer and side effects of the novel nucleolipids, we also studied their activity on PMA‐differentiated human THP‐1 macrophages. Here, we show that particularly the formycin A derivative 3b possesses promising antitumor properties in several cancer cell lines with profound cytotoxic effects partly on human glioblastoma cells, with a higher efficacy than the chemotherapeutic drug 5‐fluorouridine.
Transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation after aortic valve repair with HAART 300 device
Authors: Takayuki Gyoten , Volker Herwig , Axel Harnath , Dirk Fritzsche 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe report the first successful case, to our knowledge, of CoreValve Evolut R (Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN) implantation into a failed HAART 300 aortic annuloplasty device (BioStable Science & Engineering, TX). An 81‐year‐old man presented with severe symptomatic aortic regurgitation secondary to failure of the 21 mm HAART 300 device, which had been implanted 45 days previously. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) revealed grade 3 aortic regurgitation with central jet, without aortic valve stenosis. Because of the high risk for redo surgery, the heart team proceeded with femoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation. The 26 mm CoreValve Evolut R was deployed into the 21 mm HAART 300 device without difficulty or complications. There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications. The patient was discharged after 5 days. TTE showed a mean aortic valve gradient of 18 mmHg, with minimal paravalvular leak. Our experience suggests that CoreValve Evolut R implantation may be an attractive option in patients with failed HAART 300 aortic annuloplasty.
Ultra‐Low Loading of Ru Clusters over Graphitic Carbon Nitride: A Drastic Enhancement in Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Activity
Authors: Mori Kohsuke , Osaka Ryo , Naka Kohei , Tatsumi Daisuke , Yamashita Hiromi 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe photocatalytic activity of graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) was dramatically enhanced by ultra‐low loading of Ru6 clusters (0.01 wt %). This was accomplished via the equilibrium adsorption of a Ru(NO)(NO3)3 precursor followed by annealing at 550 °C under an inert atmosphere. Varying both the type of Ru precursor and the annealing temperature permitted tuning of the local structure of the Ru centers between single site and nanoparticle morphologies. These variations in structure played a crucial role in determining the H2 evolution activity of the material in aqueous media under visible light irradiation (λ >420 nm) in the presence of Pt cocatalyst. The ultra‐low loading of Ru6 clusters led to a more than twenty‐fold increase in activity compared to that for bare g‐C3N4 owing to synergic effects. These effects included increases in the surface area by exfoliation as well as suppression of the recombination of electron‐hole pairs and improved charge migration, as demonstrated by analyses of the photoluminescence and photo‐electrochemical properties of the catalyst.
Assembling Two‐Phase Enzymatic Cascade Pathways in Pickering Emulsion
Authors: Pan Yongchun , Qiu Wu , Li Qin , Zhu Shuihong , Lin Changxu , Zeng Wenbin , Xiong Xueqing , Liu Xiang Yang , Lin Youhui 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe design of enzymatic cascade pathways in biphasic systems with high efficiency is still a big challenge. Herein, we report a simple and efficient strategy for one‐pot biphasic tandem reactions by positioning distinct biocatalysts in spatially separate domains of Pickering emulsion. Due to the large interfacial area and the stability of Pickering interfacial biocatalysts, the as‐obtained Pickering emulsion system was confirmed as a nice microreactor with highly enhanced catalytic performance. Furthermore, in this hybrid catalytic system, unconventional computing relied on enzymatic cascade reactions can be performed. Such Pickering emulsion‐based logic system offers several distinctive advantages, including less “cross‐talk” and signal amplification. We believe that our result will have critical applications in future biocatalysis, nanomachines, smart diagnostics, intelligent drug delivery, nanomechanical, and electronics.
Hydrogen‐Bonded Polyrotaxane Cation Structure in Nickel Dithiolate Anion Radical Salts: Ferromagnetic and Semiconducting Behavior Associated with Structural Phase Transition
Authors: Shirakawa Yuki , Takahashi Kiyonori , Sato Hiroyasu , Hoshino Norihisa , Anetai Hayato , Noro Shin‐ichiro , Akutagawa Tomoyuki , Nakamura Takayoshi 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe pseudo‐polyrotaxane structure of [(H‐bpy+)‐ (DB‐24‐crown‐8)]∞ (H‐bpy+ = monoprotonated 4,4‐bipyridinium; DB‐24‐crown‐8 = dibenzo‐24‐crown‐8) has been incorporated into the anion radical salt [Ni(dmit)2]− (dmit2− = 1,3‐dithiole‐2‐thione‐4,5‐dithiolate). (H‐bpy+)(DB‐24‐crown‐8)[Ni(dmit)2]− crystallized as two polymorphs, crystals 1 and 2. Crystal 1 was found to have a lower density and looser packing structure in which H‐bpy+ forms a one‐dimensional hydrogen‐bonding chain that passes though the crown ether ring of DB‐24‐crown‐8. DB‐24‐crown‐8 adopts a U‐shaped conformation in which two phenylene rings sandwich one of the pyridyl rings of H‐bpy+ to stabilize the structure. The [Ni(dmit)2]− anions are arranged in a layer parallel to the (10) plane with uniform side‐by‐side interactions. A structural phase transition was observed at 235 K, accompanied by ordering of the polyrotaxane structure. In crystal 1, at 173 K, H‐bpy+ is twisted around the central C−C bond, which perturbs the arrangement of [Ni(dmit)2]− through short C−H⋅⋅⋅S contacts. As a result, the semiconducting behavior, with an activation energy of 0.21 eV, becomes insulating below 235 K. The crystal exhibits ferromagnetic interactions because of the weak side‐by‐side interactions between [Ni(dmit)2]− anions. Crystal 2 has a similar pseudo‐polyrotaxane structure but showed no phase transition. This suggests that the looser crystal packing in crystal 1 induces the structural change of the pseudo‐polyrotaxane, perturbing the electron system of [Ni(dmit)2]−.
Multiple C−H Bond Activations in Corannulene by a Dirhenium Complex
Authors: Adams Richard D. , Dhull Poonam , Pennachio Matthew , Petrukhina Marina A. , Smith Mark D. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe reaction of Re2(CO)8(μ‐C6H5)(μ‐H), 1 with corannulene (C20H10) yielded the product Re2(CO)8(μ‐H)(μ‐η2‐1,2‐C20H9), 2 (65 % yield) containing a Re2 metalated corannulene ligand formed by loss of benzene from 1 and the activation of one of the CH bonds of the nonplanar corannulene molecule by an oxidative‐addition to 1. The corannulenyl ligand has adopted a bridging η2‐σ+π coordination to the Re2(CO)8 grouping. Compound 2 reacts with a second equivalent of 1 to yield three isomeric doubly metalated corannulene products: Re2(CO)8(μ‐H)(μ‐η2‐1,2‐μ‐η2‐10,11‐C20H8)Re2(CO)8(μ‐H), 3 (35 % yield), Re2(CO)8(μ‐H)(μ‐η2‐2,1‐μ‐η2‐10,11‐C20H8)Re2(CO)8(μ‐H), 4 (12 % yield), and Re2(CO)8(μ‐H)(μ‐η2‐1,2‐μ‐η2‐11,10‐C20H8)Re2(CO)8(μ‐H), 5 (12 % yield), by a second CH activation on a second rim double bond on the corannulene molecule. The isomers differ by the relative orientations of the coordinated Re2(CO)8(μ‐H) groupings. All new products were characterized structurally by single crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis.
Synthesis of Functionalized Ketones from Acid Chlorides and Organolithiums by Extremely Fast Micromixing
Authors: Nagaki Aiichiro , Sasatsuki Kengo , Ishiuchi Satoshi , Miuchi Nobuyuki , Takumi Masahiro , Yoshida Jun‐ichi 
Published: February 2019

AbstractSynthesis of ketones containing various functional groups from acid chlorides bearing electrophilic functional groups and functionalized organolithiums was achieved using a flow microreactor system. Extremely fast mixing is important for high chemoselectivity.
Radiation Matters in Fixed‐Bed CFD Simulations
Authors: Wehinger Gregor D. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractFixed‐bed reactors often operate at elevated temperatures, where radiation can be a significant heat‐transfer mechanism. Particle‐resolved CFD models fixed‐bed reactors on a very detailed macroscopic level. In this study, the contribution of radiative heat transfer is investigated in a 500‐mm bed of 7‐hole pellets. At industrially relevant temperatures (250 – 800 °C) and with a steam‐reforming gas‐phase mixture, the S2S and DOM radiation models were applied. Neglecting radiation results in temperatures being up to 6 % lower. In this case, the main driver is surface‐to‐surface (S2S) radiation. Additional modeling recommendations are given.
SDS‐modified Nanoporous Silver as an Efficient Electrocatalyst for Selectively Converting CO2 to CO in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Shi Lei , Zhang Yuning , Han Xiaofei , Niu Dongfang , Sun Jinlong , Yang Jenny Y. , Hu Shuozhen , Zhang Xinsheng 
Published: February 2019

Summary of main observation and conclusionSelectively electrochemical conversion of CO2 into organic fuel using renewable electricity is one of the most sought‐after processes. In this paper, we report the electrochemical reduction of CO2 (CO2RR) on the nanoporous Ag electrodes made of compacted Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs), which were prepared by one‐step reduction in the water phase with or without the surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The scanning electron microscope (SEM) characterizations show that the compacted Ag electrodes have the nanoporous morphology formed by stacking AgNPs. Compared with the nanoporous Ag electrode without SDS modification (C‐AgNPs), the SDS‐modified AgNPs electrode (C‐AgNPs‐SDS) is highly effective in improving selective CO production in a wide range of potentials (–0.69 V — –1.19 V, vs. RHE), with a Faradaic efficiency of 92.2% and a current density of –8.23 mA·cm–2 for CO production at –0.79 V (vs. RHE). C‐AgNPs‐SDS is also catalytically stable with only less than 7% deactivation after 8 h of continuous electrolysis.
Measuring the impact of data center failures on a cloud‐based emergency medical call system
Authors: Gomes Demis , Santos Guto Leoni , Rosendo Daniel , Gonçalves Glauco , Moreira Andre , Kelner Judith , Sadok Djamel , Endo Patricia Takako 
Published: February 2019

SummaryEmergency call services are expected to be highly available in order to minimize the loss of urgent calls and, as a consequence, minimize loss of life due to lack of timely medical response. This service availability depends heavily on the cloud data center on which it is hosted. However, availability information alone cannot provide sufficient understanding of how failures impact the service and users' perception. In this paper, we evaluate the impact of failures on an emergency call system, considering service‐level metrics such as the number of affected calls per failure and the time an emergency service takes until it recovers from a failure. We analyze a real data set from an emergency call center for a large Brazilian city. From stochastic models that represent a cloud data center, we evaluate different data center architectures to observe the impact of failures on the emergency call service. Results show that changing data center's architecture in order to improve availability from two to three nines cannot decrease the average number of affected calls per failure. On the other hand, it can decrease the probability to affect a considerable number of calls at the same time.
Appraisement of Crystal Expansion in CH3NH3PbI3 on Doping: Improved Photovoltaic Properties
Authors: Salado Manuel , Kazim Samrana , Nazeeruddin Mohammad Khaja , Ahmad Shahzada 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThree‐dimensional hybrid perovskite materials (CH3NH3PbI3) suffer from intrinsic instability owing to organic cation evaporation and ion migration. The inclusion of a large organic cation such as guanidinium has been probed to stabilize the structure. This work proposes the inclusion of imidazolium iodide (C3N2H5I) as an organic cation inside the CH3NH3PbI3 matrix, as a reservoir to control the spontaneous loss of iodide. The introduction of imidazolium iodide in amounts below 20 % has an impact on the crystallization process but not on the optical properties. It also positively controls non‐radiative recombination and improves the open‐circuit voltage of the solar cells. The present study paves way for a deeper insight into the limit of multi‐dimensional perovskite to further push the performance.