bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pertanggungjawaban Mutlak Korporasi sebab Kebakaran Lahan Mengakibatkan Pencemaran/Kerusakan Lingkungan HidupPertanggungjawaban Mutlak Korporasi sebab Kebakaran Lahan Mengakibatkan Pencemaran/Kerusakan Lingkungan Hidup
Authors: Naldo Rony Andre Christian , Purba Mesdiana 
Published: January 2019

<p class="1judul"><em>Absolute Accountability Corporations because Land Fire Causes Pollution / Environmental Damage. </em></p><h1><span lang="EN-US">As a legal subject, in carrying out business activities, each corporation is obliged to maintain the sustainability of environmental functions, by preventing pollution / damage from exceeding the quality standards / standard criteria for environmental damage. In fact, there are various corporations whose land is burned, resulting in pollution / damage exceeding the quality standards / standard criteria for environmental damage. This study discusses the absolute responsibility of corporations because land fires result in pollution / damage exceeding the quality standards / standard criteria for environmental damage. In connection with this, this study discusses further about the application, constraints, and solutions to the application of absolute responsibility to corporations because land fires result in pollution / damage exceeding the quality standards / standard criteria for environmental damage. This study uses a type of normative legal research, with a holistic normative juridical method, and is descriptive analytical. The results of the study concluded that not all Judges of the public justice institutions applied absolute responsibility to corporations because land fires resulted in pollution / damage exceeding the quality standards / standard criteria for environmental damage. There are 4 (four) constraints and 7 (seven) solutions to the application of absolute responsibility to corporations because land fires result in pollution / damage exceeding the quality standards / standard criteria for environmental damage.<strong></strong></span></h1>
Armenian Apostolic Church and Spiritual Values of Two Generations in the Modern Armenian Societ
Authors: Mkoyan Gohar Sergeyi 
Published: January 2019

This article discusses the level of preservation of religious beliefs in modern Armenian society. The Church is carrying out targeted activities to increase its ranks, which it could not do during the Soviet era. The Armenians have always maintained their faith without the mediation of the church.
This article examines the role of the Armenian Apostolic Church in the formation of moral and spiritual values in our society between two generations.
The government used to take care of all social groups and created conditions enabling Armenian society to function within its country, to develop their culture and values, and to refrain from other ideas and values.
Sposoby pozyskiwania i utrzymania klienta przy pomocy nowych mediów
Authors: Muszyński Wojciech , Muszyński Szymon 
Published: January 2019

Artykuł prezentuje sposoby pozyskiwania klienta i działania na rzecz jego utrzymania przy pomocy nowych technologii i nowych mediów. Wykazano, iż zarządzanie relacjami z klientem jest pojęciem obszernym ze względu na różnorodność sytuacji, w których kontaktuje się on z przedsiębiorstwem. Zaprezentowano, iż zmiany technologiczne, a zwłaszcza dokonujące się w dynamicznym tempie umasowienie Internetu, przeobrażają oblicza firm i standardy obsługi klienta w stopniu niespotykanym we wcześniejszych pokoleniach. Przedstawiono również, że utrzymanie klienta jest ważniejsze niż pozyskanie nowego – zgodnie z zasadą V. Pareto.
Artykuł składa się z czterech rozdziałów. Pierwszy z nich opisuje rozwój metod komunikacji z klientem, które otworzyły się przed przedsiębiorstwami w związku z rozwojem Internetu. Drugi stanowi przegląd metod działań marketingowych polepszających statystyki pozyskiwania i utrzymywania klientów. W trzecim rozdziale opisano strategię zarządzania relacjami z klientami oraz scharakteryzowano typową budowę systemu informatycznego, wspomagającego realizację tejże strategii. Czwarty rozdział stanowi próbę uzasadnienia celowości nakładów ponoszonych na utrzymanie klientów.
Valuasi Ekonomi Hutan Mangrove di Wilayah Pesisir Desa Boroko Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Utara Provinsi Sulawesi Utara
Authors: Hairunnisa Stelah Kharina , Gai Ardiyanto Maksimilianus , Soewarni Ida 
Published: January 2019

Ekosistem hutan mangrove merupakan salah satu sumberdaya alam wilayah pesisir yang mempunyai fungsi dan manfaat sangat besar, antara lain secara fisik, biologis, dan ekonomi, dengan fungsi utama sebagai penyeimbang ekosistem dan penyedia berbagai kebutuhan hidup bagi manusia dan mahluk hidup lainnya. Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Utara merupakan salah satu wilayah pesisir yang memiliki ekosistem mangrove di mana ekosistem hutan mangrove yang ada memiliki luas 1.670,81 Ha luas keseluruhan, di mana Desa Boroko merupakan salah satu desa potensi hutan mangrove dengan jumlah luas persebaran sebesar 101 Ha, yang mengalami degradasi antara lain di beberapa titik telah dialih fungsikan untuk kegiatan perkebunan cengkeh, penebangan yang dijadikan kayu bakar, pembukaan jalan, tambak, dan permukiman dengan luas indikatif kerusakan sebesar 4 Ha. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai ekonomi total hutan mangrove setelah dipetakan tingkat kerusakan dan memperhitungkan nilai pemulihannya. Dengan metode analisis yang digunakan antara lain analisis tingkat kerusakan menggunakan metode NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), dan analisis nilai ekonomi total kawasan menggunakan metode analisis kuantitatif dengan pendekatan valuasi ekonomi. Hasil penelitian menunujukan nilai manfaat total hutan mangrove di Desa Boroko sebesar Rp.261.210.638.132.-/Tahun.
The Incremental Diagnostic Value of [18F]Florbetaben PET and the Pivotal Role of the Neuropsychological Assessment in Clinical Practice
Authors: Spallazzi Marco , Barocco Federica , Michelini Giovanni , Morelli Nicola , Scarlattei Maura , Baldari Giorgio , Ruffini Livia , Caffarra Paolo 
Published: January 2019

Background: Amyloid pathology is a key feature of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and can be assessed in vivo with amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the incremental value of a PET scan with [18F]florbetaben, in terms of changes of diagnosis, diagnostic confidence, and treatment plan when added to a standardized diagnostic workup for cognitive disorders, with particular focus on the role of the neuropsychological assessment, including the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT). Methods: A total of 104 patients (69 mild cognitive impairment, 35 dementia), with diagnostic uncertainty after diagnostic workup, were recruited from our memory clinic. [18F]florbetaben PET scans were interpreted as amyloid negative or positive on the basis of a semi-quantitative visual rating. Clinical diagnosis and diagnostic confidence for AD or non-AD dementia were rated before and after PET result disclosure, as was the impact of PET on the patient management plan. Results: There were 69/104 (66%) [18F]florbetaben positive scans, 51/62 (82%) patients were suspected as having AD before the PET scan and 18/42 (43%) were not. Overall, the data obtained at PET changed 18/104 diagnoses (17%) and increased diagnostic confidence from 69.1±8.1% to 83.5±9.1 ( p < 0.001), with the greatest impact on diagnosis and confidence in PET negative patients with an initial diagnosis of AD ( p < 0.01) and in early-onset patients ( p = 0.01). Conclusion: Amyloid PET represents a source of added value in dementia diagnosis, with a significant effect on diagnosis and diagnostic confidence. However, the use of a complete neuropsychological assessment has an add-on value on limiting the amyloid PET influence on change of diagnosis, and the real impact of amyloid PET should always be weighed up together with an accurate standardized diagnostic workup.
Elevated Fasting Blood Glucose Level Increases the Risk of Cognitive Decline Among Older Adults with Diabetes Mellitus: The Shanghai Aging Study
Authors: Wang Fei , Luo Jianfeng , Ding Ding , Zhao Qianhua , Guo Qihao , Liang Xiaoniu , Zhou Fen , Deng Wei , Hong Zhen 
Published: January 2019

Background: Several studies have demonstrated that the elevated fasting blood glucose (FBG) may increase the risk of incident dementia in older adults with or without diabetes mellitus (DM). However, similar results are rarely reported in Chinese population. Objective: This study aimed to demonstrate the association between FBG and risk of incident cognitive decline in older Chinese adults. Methods: We prospectively followed up 1,555 dementia-free participants with baseline FBG measurement in the Shanghai Aging Study. Results: We identified 126 incident dementia cases across a mean of 5.2 years. Cumulative dementia incidence in type II DM participants with higher FBG (>6.1 mmol/L) increased most dramatically, second with that of non-DM participants with higher FBG, than that of participants with lower FBG (≤6.1 mmol/L). DM participants had a significant higher risk of incident dementia (adjusted HR 1.51, 95% CI 1.25–1.82) by every 1 mmol/L increment of FBG. Among DM participants, baseline FBG was positively related to the rate of annual decline of MMSE (β= 0.10, p = 0.0018). Conclusions: Our results suggest that especially in people with type II DM, effective blood glucose control may help to prevent cognitive impairment in later life.
Evaluation of Medicare Claims Data as a Tool to Identify Dementia
Authors: Lee Eunjung , Gatz Margaret , Tseng Chiuchen , Schneider Lon S. , Pawluczyk Sonia , Wu Anna H. , Deapen Dennis 
Published: January 2019

Background: Medicare claims record linkage has been used to identify diagnosed dementia cases in order to estimate dementia prevalence and cost of care. Claims records in the 1990 s and early 2000 s have been found to provide 85% – ∼90% sensitivity and specificity. Objective: Considering that dementia awareness has improved over time, we sought to examine sensitivity and specificity of more recent Medicare claims records against a standard criterion, clinical diagnosis of dementia. Methods: For a sample of patients evaluated at the University of Southern California Alzheimer Disease Research Center (ADRC), we performed database linkage with Medicare claims files for a six-year period, 2007–2012. We used clinical diagnosis at the ADRC as the criterion diagnosis in order to calculate sensitivity and specificity. Results: Medicare claims correctly identified 85% of dementia patients and 77% of individuals with normal cognition. About half of patients clinically diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment had dementia diagnoses in Medicare claims. Misclassified dementia patients (i.e., missed diagnosis by Medicare claims) had more favorable Mini-Mental State Examination and Clinical Dementia Rating scores and were less likely to present behavioral symptoms than correctly-classified dementia patients. Conclusions: Database linkage to Medicare claims records is an efficient and reasonably accurate tool to identify dementia cases in a population-based cohort. However, possibilities of obtaining biased results due to misclassification of dementia status need to be carefully considered to use Medicare claims diagnosis for etiologic research studies. Additional confirmation of dementia diagnosis may also be considered. A larger study is warranted to confirm our findings.
Emotional eating in relation to anthropometric indices and dietary energy intake based on gender
Authors: Rasouli Ahmadreza , Moludi Jalal , Foroumandi Elaheh , Shahsavari Saeed , Ebrahimi Behzad 
Published: January 2019

BACKGROUND: Emotional eating is one of the important factors in etiology of obesity and eating disorders. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare gender differences in response to emotional eating and to identify the anthropometric indices and dietary intake factors correlation with emotional eating. METHODS: A sample of 247 subjects from three schools in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in Iran was participated in the study. Each participant filled out a general ten-item and an emotional eating fourteen-item questionnaire. Statistical analyses of the study were conducted by an independent t-test, a chi-square, Pearson correlations and logistic regression using the SPSS version 19. RESULTS: The findings of this investigation indicated that body mass index (BMI) ( r = – 0.759, p <  0.0001 and r = – 0.818, p <  0.0001), waist circumference (WC) ( r = – 0.217, p = 0.014 and r = – 0.182, p = 0.048) and dietary energy intake ( r = – 0.221, p = 0.012 and r = – 0.186, p = 0.024) correlated significantly with emotional eating in female and male groups, respectively. The female had higher emotional eating score versus the male (6.56±1.56 and 6.47±1.21, respectively). Marital status, smoking, recent weight loss, and weight gain, were the strong predictors of the emotional eating. CONCLUSIONS: Knowing predicting factors of emotional eating and understanding the fact that gender differences could affect chances of being emotional eater can help us provide appropriate nutritional and psychological educational programs in the community. This can in turn control the emotional eating status and consequently lead to beneficial outcomes on the level of individuals’ health in the society.
KORUYUCU AİLE DERNEKLERİNE ÜYE OLAN KORUYUCU AİLELERİN BU MODELE İLİŞKİN DENEYİM VE DEĞERLENDİRMELER
Authors: Certel Nurgül 
Published: January 2019

Bu araştırmanın
amacı, koruyucu ailelerin koruyucu aile sistemi ve sürecine ilişkin
değerlendirmelerinden yola çıkarak bu modelde yaşanan sorunları ve sürecin tüm
yönlerini koruyucu aile sistemi içerisindeki unsurları göz önünde bulundurarak
anlamaktır. Bu bilgiler ışığında koruyucu aile modelinin geliştirilmesi için
sosyal politika ve sosyal hizmetlerin geliştirilmesine yönelik önerilerde
bulunulmaktadır. Niteliksel araştırma
modeliyle tasarlanan araştırmada, yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu
aracılığıyla Denizli ve İstanbul Koruyucu Aile Derneklerine bağlı 26 koruyucu
ebeveyn ile görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Denizli Koruyucu Aile Derneğine üye olan 13
koruyucu ebeveyn, İstanbul Koruyucu Aile Derneğine üye olan 13 koruyucu ebeveyn
ile yapılan görüşmeler kuramsal bilgiler temelinde analiz edilerek
yorumlanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları;
koruyucu aile olma motivasyonu, bilgilendirme ve eğitim, uyum süreci, biyolojik
aile ve koruyucu ailelerin sisteme ve sürece ilişkin genel değerlendirmeleri
temaları altında yorumlanmıştır.
Early-stage Solar Energetic Particle Acceleration by Coronal Mass Ejection-driven Shocks with Realistic Seed Spectra. I. Low Corona
Authors: Kozarev Kamen A. , Dayeh Maher A. , Farahat Ashraf 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
An outstanding problem in heliospheric physics is understanding the acceleration of solar energetic particles (SEPs) in coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and flares. A fundamental question is whether the acceleration occurs in interplanetary space or near the Sun. Recent work has shown that CME-driven shocks may produce SEPs while still below five solar radii. In this work we explore SEP acceleration during the onset of CMEs and shocks even lower in the corona, using realistic suprathermal spectra, for a selection of events. We have calculated quiet-time, pre-event suprathermal particle spectra from 1 au observations, and scaled them back to the low corona to serve as seed spectra. For each event, AIA observations and the CASHeW framework were used to model the compressive/shock wave kinematics and its interaction with the corona. The proton acceleration was then modeled using an analytic diffusive shock acceleration model as the shock waves propagate between ∼1.05 and ∼1.3 solar radii. We demonstrate the capability of low coronal shock-related extreme ultraviolet waves to accelerate protons to multi-MeV energies in a matter of minutes, in the very early stages of the associated solar eruptions. We find that strong proton energization occurs for high values of the density jump, Alfvén Mach number, and shock speed. In future work the results of this early-stage shock acceleration will be used to model the continued acceleration higher in the corona.
Measurement of the Core-collapse Progenitor Mass Distribution of the Small Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Auchettl Katie , Lopez Laura A. , Badenes Carles , Ramirez-Ruiz Enrico , Beacom John F. , Holland-Ashford Tyler 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The physics of core-collapse (CC) supernovae (SNe) and how the explosions depend on progenitor properties are central questions in astronomy. For only a handful of SNe, the progenitor star has been identified in pre-explosion images. Supernova remnants (SNRs), which are observed long after the original SN event, provide a unique opportunity to increase the number of progenitor measurements. Here we systematically examine the stellar populations in the vicinities of 23 known SNRs in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) using the star formation history (SFH) maps of Harris & Zaritsky. We combine the results with constraints on the SNR metal abundances and environment from X-ray and optical observations. We find that 22 SNRs in the SMC have local SFHs and properties consistent with a CC explosion, several of which are likely to have been high-mass progenitors. This result supports recent theoretical findings that high-mass progenitors can produce successful explosions. We estimate the mass distribution of the CC progenitors and find that this distribution is similar to a Salpeter IMF (within the uncertainties), while this result is shallower than the mass distribution found in M31 and M33 by Jennings et al. and Díaz-Rodríguez et al. using a similar approach. Additionally, we find that a number of the SMC SNRs exhibit a burst of star formation between 50 and 200 Myr ago. As these sources are likely CC, this signature may be indicative of massive stars undergoing delayed CC as a consequence of binary interaction, rapid rotation, or low metallicity. In addition, the lack of Type Ia SNRs in the SMC is possibly a result of the short visibility times of these sources, as they may fall below the sensitivity limits of current radio observations.
How to Constrain Your M Dwarf. II. The Mass–Luminosity–Metallicity Relation from 0.075 to 0.70 Solar Masses
Authors: Mann Andrew W. , Dupuy Trent , Kraus Adam L. , Gaidos Eric , Ansdell Megan , Ireland Michael , Rizzuto Aaron C. , Hung Chao-Ling , Dittmann Jason , Factor Samuel , Feiden Gregory , Martinez Raquel A. , Ruíz-Rodríguez Dary , Chia Thao Pa 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The mass–luminosity relation for late-type stars has long been a critical tool for estimating stellar masses. However, there is growing need for both a higher-precision relation and a better understanding of systematic effects (e.g., metallicity). Here we present an empirical relationship between

and M
* spanning 0.075 M
⊙ < M
* < 0.70 M
⊙. The relation is derived from 62 nearby binaries, whose orbits we determine using a combination of Keck/NIRC2 imaging, archival adaptive optics data, and literature astrometry. From their orbital parameters, we determine the total mass of each system, with a precision better than 1% in the best cases. We use these total masses, in combination with resolved K

S
magnitudes and system parallaxes, to calibrate the

–M
* relation. The resulting posteriors can be used to determine masses of single stars with a precision of 2%–3%, which we confirm by testing the relation on stars with individual dynamical masses from the literature. The precision is limited by scatter around the best-fit relation beyond measured M
* uncertainties, perhaps driven by intrinsic variation in the

–M
* relation or underestimated uncertainties in the input parallaxes. We find that the effect of [Fe/H] on the

–M
* relation is likely negligible for metallicities in the solar neighborhood (0.0% ± 2.2% change in mass per dex change in [Fe/H]). This weak effect is consistent with predictions from the Dartmouth Stellar Evolution Database, but inconsistent with those from MESA Isochrones and Stellar Tracks (at 5σ). A sample of binaries with a wider range of abundances will be required to discern the importance of metallicity in extreme populations (e.g., in the Galactic halo or thick disk).
Delayed Circumstellar Interaction for Type Ia SN 2015cp Revealed by an HST Ultraviolet Imaging Survey
Authors: Graham M. L. , Harris C. E. , Nugent P. E. , Maguire K. , Sullivan M. , Smith M. , Valenti S. , Goobar A. , Fox O. D. , Shen K. J. , Kelly P. L. , McCully C. , Brink T. G. , Filippenko A. V. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The nature and role of the binary companion of carbon–oxygen white dwarf stars that explode as Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) are not yet fully understood. Past detections of circumstellar material (CSM) that contain hydrogen for a small number of SN Ia progenitor systems suggest that at least some have a nondegenerate companion. In order to constrain the prevalence, location, and quantity of CSM in SN Ia systems, we performed a near-ultraviolet (NUV) survey with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) to look for the high-energy signature of SN Ia ejecta interacting with the CSM. Our survey revealed that SN 2015cp, an SN 1991T-like overluminous SN Ia, was experiencing late-onset interaction between its ejecta and the surrounding CSM 664 days after its light-curve peak. We present ground- and space-based follow-up observations of SN 2015cp that reveal optical emission lines of H and Ca, typical signatures of ejecta–CSM interaction. We show how SN 2015cp was likely similar to the well-studied SN Ia–CSM event PTF11kx, making it the second case in which an unambiguously classified SN Ia was observed to interact with a distant shell of CSM that contains hydrogen (R
CSM ≳ 1016 cm). The remainder of our HST NUV images of SNe Ia were nondetections that we use to constrain the occurrence rate of observable late-onset CSM interaction. We apply theoretical models for the emission from ejecta–CSM interaction to our NUV nondetections and place upper limits on the mass and radial extent of CSM in SN Ia progenitor systems.
The Dimming of RW Auriga: Is Dust Accretion Preceding an Outburst?
Authors: Gárate Matías , Birnstiel Til , Stammler Sebastian Markus , Günther Hans Moritz 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
RW Aur A has experienced various dimming events in recent years, decreasing its brightness by ∼2 mag for periods of months to years. Multiple observations indicate that a high concentration of dust grains, from the protoplanetary disk’s inner regions, is blocking the starlight during these events. We propose a new mechanism that can send large amounts of dust close to the star on short timescales, through the reactivation of a dead zone in the protoplanetary disk. Using numerical simulations, we model the accretion of gas and dust, along with the growth and fragmentation of particles in this scenario. We find that after the reactivation of the dead zone, the accumulated dust is rapidly accreted toward the star in around 15 yr, at rates of

and reaching dust-to-gas ratios of ϵ ≈ 5, preceding an increase in the gas accretion by a few years. This sudden rise of dust accretion can provide the material required for the dimmings, although the question of how to put the dust into the line of sight remains open to speculation.