bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping of Quantitative Trait Loci for Traits linked to Fusarium Head Blight Symptoms Evaluation In Barley RILs
Authors: Ogrodowicz Piotr , Kuczyńska Anetta , Mikołajczak Krzysztof , Adamski Tadeusz , Surma Maria , Krajewski Paweł , Ćwiek-Kupczyńska Hanna , Kempa Michał , Rokicki Michał , Jasińska Dorota 
Published: August 2019

AbstractFusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating disease in small grain cereals worldwide. The disease results in the reduction of grain yield and affects its quality. In addition, mycotoxins accumulated in grain are harmful to both humans and animals. It has been reported that response to pathogen infection may be associated with the morphological and developmental characteristics of the host plant, e.g. the earliness and plant height. Despite the many studies the effective markers for the selection of barley genotypes with increased resistance to FHB have not thus far been developed. Therefore, exploring the genetic relationship between agronomic traits (e.g. heading date or stem height) and disease resistance is of importance to the understanding of plant resistance via “diesease escape” or dwarf stature. The studied plant material consisted of 100 recombinant inbred lines (RIL) of spring barley. Plants were examined in field conditions (three locations) in a completely randomized design with three replications. Barley genotypes were artificially infected with spores of Fusarium before heading. Apart from the main phenotypic traits (plant height, spike characteristic, grain yield) the infected kernels were visually scored and the content of deoxynivalenol (DON) mycotoxin was investigated. A set of 70 Quantitative Trait Loci (QTLs) were detected through phenotyping of the mapping population in field condition and genotyping using a barley Ilumina iSelect platform with 9K markers. Six loci were detected for FHB index on chromosomes 2H, 3H, 5H and 7H. The region on the short arm of the 2H chromosome was detected in the current study, in which many QTLs associated with FHB- and yield-related characters were found. This study confirms that agromorphological traits are tightly related to the FHB and should be taken into consideration when breeding barley plants for FHB resistance.
Alcohol causes lasting differential transcription inDrosophilamushroom body neurons
Authors: Petruccelli Emily , Ledru Nicolas , Kaun Karla R. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractRepeated alcohol experiences can produce long-lasting memories for sensory cues associated with intoxication. These memories can ultimately trigger relapse in individuals recovering from alcohol use disorder (AUD). The molecular mechanisms by which alcohol changes memories to become long-lasting and inflexible remain unclear. New methods to analyze gene expression within precise neuronal cell-types can provide further insight towards AUD prevention and treatment. Here, we employed genetic tools inDrosophila melanogasterto investigate the lasting consequences of ethanol on transcription in memory-encoding neurons.Drosophilarely on mushroom body (MB) neurons to make associative memories, including memories of ethanol-associated sensory cues. Differential expression analyses found that distinct transcripts, but not genes, in the MB were associated with experiencing ethanol alone compared to forming a memory of an odor cue associated with ethanol. These findings reveal the dynamic and highly context-specific regulation of splicing associated with encoding behavioral experiences. Our data thus demonstrate that alcohol can have lasting effects on transcription and RNA processing during memory formation, and identify new transcript targets for future AUD and addiction investigation.
PDK1 has a pleiotropic PINOID-independent role in Arabidopsis development
Authors: Xiao Yao , Offringa Remko 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe 3-Phosphoinositide-Dependent Protein Kinase 1 (PDK1) is a conserved and important master regulator of AGC kinases in eukaryotic organisms.pdk1loss-of-function causes a lethal phenotype in animals and yeast. In contrast, only very mild phenotypic defects have been reported for thepdk1loss-of-function mutant of the model plantArabidopsis thaliana(Arabidopsis). The Arabidopsis genome contains twoPDK1genes, hereafter calledPDK1 and PDK2.Here we show that the previously reported Arabidopsispdk1T-DNA insertion alleles are not true loss-of-function mutants. By using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, we created true loss-of-functionpdk1alleles, andpdk1 pdk2double mutants carrying these alleles showed multiple growth and development defect, including fused cotyledons, a short primary root, dwarf stature, late flowering, and reduced seed production caused by defects in male fertility. Surprisingly,pdk1 pdk2mutants did not phenocopypidmutants, and together with the observations thatPDK1overexpression does not phenocopy the effect ofPIDoverexpression, and thatpdk1 pdk2loss-of-function does not change PID subcellular localization, we conclude that PDK1 is not essential for PID membrane localization or functionalityin planta. Nonetheless, mostpdk1 pdk2phenotypes could be correlated with impaired auxin transport.PDK1is highly expressed in vascular tissues and YFP:PDK1 is relatively abundant at the basal/rootward side of root stele cells, where it colocalizes with PIN auxin efflux carriers, and the AGC1 kinases PAX and D6PK/D6PKLs. Our genetic and phenotypic analysis suggests that PDK1 is likely to control auxin transport as master regulator of these AGC1 kinases in Arabidopsis.
Modelling the Effects of Ongoing Alpha Activity on Visual Perception: The Oscillation-Based Probability of Response
Authors: Zazio Agnese , Schreiber Marco , Miniussi Carlo , Bortoletto Marta 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTSubstantial evidence has shown that ongoing neural activity significantly contributes to how the brain responds to upcoming stimuli. In visual perception, a considerable portion of trial-to-trial variability can be accounted for by prestimulus magneto/electroencephalographic (M/EEG) alpha oscillations, which play an inhibitory function by means of cross-frequency interactions with gamma-band oscillations. Despite the fundamental theories on the role of oscillations in perception and cognition, a clear theorization of the neural mechanisms underlying prestimulus activity effects that includes electrophysiological phenomena at different scales (e.g., local field potentials and macro-scale M/EEG) is still missing. Here, we present a model called the oscillation-based probability of response (OPR), which directly assesses the link between meso-scale neural mechanisms, macro-scale M/EEG, and behavioural outcome. The OPR model includes distinct meso-scale mechanisms through which alpha oscillations modulate M/EEG gamma activity, namely, by decreasing a) the amplitude and/or b) the degree of neural synchronization of gamma oscillations. Crucially, the OPR model makes specific predictions on the effects of these mechanisms on visual perception, as assessed through the psychometric function.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe oscillation-based probability of response (OPR) is grounded on a psychophysical approach focusing on the psychometric function estimation and may be highly informative in the study of ongoing brain activity because it provides a tool for distinguishing different neural mechanisms of alpha-driven modulation of sensory processing.
What did the 2015 earthquake tell us about what the state of earthquake resilience in Kathmandu metropolitan city was?
Authors: Karki Tej Kumar 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
This paper asks what was the state of building-code enforcement and citizen – government collaboration in disaster preparedness when an earthquake hit Kathmandu metropolitan city (KMC) in 2015? It reviewed government documents, analyzed media reports, interviewed building-code monitoring officers and carried out a detailed case study of the earthquake-damaged Park View Horizon Housing Apartment (PVHA) Complex. The research found several earthquake-resilience issues. They were enforcement-vulnerability (Building bylaws, planning permit and building code); institutional-coordination vulnerability; Apartment-regulation vulnerability; technological vulnerability; and citizen-government-collaboration vulnerability.

Design/methodology/approach
The study area of this research is KMC, and this research is based on content analysis, field observation and interview. It has reviewed all the newspapers and media reports that had covered earthquake issues during and after the 2015 disaster, as well as the articles published in Nepal, South Asia, the USA, New Zealand and Haiti. The literature on Nepal’s building code, seismic history and institutional arrangements for governing earthquake-related issues were reviewed. After field observation of some of the damaged apartments, a detailed case study of PVHA Complex was carried out.

Findings
The research found several earthquake-resilience issues. They were enforcement-vulnerability (Building bylaws, planning permit and building code); institutional-coordination vulnerability; Apartment-regulation vulnerability; technological vulnerability; and citizen-government-collaboration vulnerability

Research limitations/implications
A limitation of this study was its heavy reliance on content analysis, one case study and a few interviews and discussions with affected residents, local governments and developers.

Practical implications
This study would help enhance disaster governance in developing nations.

Social implications
The citizen–government collaborative approach to earthquake resilience would enhance human resilience to disaster at individual and community levels.

Originality/value
Since this is the first research carried out on the state of building code and institutional resilience at the time of the 2015 earthquake in Nepal, it is original and provides policy insights for earthquake resilience in Nepal.
Multinational corporations and sustainable development goals
Authors: Bello Ismail , Othman Muhammad Fuad 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
There are over 263m out-of-school children in the world, and Nigeria is not an exception to the problem facing basic education. Education provides the necessary skills and knowledge needed by people in other to live a better life. The purpose of this paper is to explore the role of multinational corporations (MNC) towards basic education development in Nigeria using Etisalat Telecommunication as a case study.

Design/methodology/approach
A qualitative method of data collection and analysis was used for the study. Interviews were conducted with 15 participants. NVivo software was utilized in transcription, coding and analysis of data from the interview conducted.

Findings
Findings from the research revealed that Etisalat has made a significant contribution towards the development of the education sector in Nigeria, particularly basic education. This is evident in “adopt a school” initiative across the country. Etisalat intervention is in line with Sustainable Development Goal 4: quality education, which has led to improved infrastructure, school enrolment and most importantly improved quality of learning.

Practical implications
This study will help educational institutions, government and international organization explore ways of utilizing private funds to develop basic education, not only in Nigeria but other climes around the world.

Originality/value
This study adds to the literature on the role of non-state actors, especially MNC, towards developing the education sector in Nigeria. Previous studies have focussed on MNCs in other sectors; the use of Etisalat Telecommunication opens a new frontier in understanding the role of telecommunications MNCs in developing basic education in Nigeria.
The Two Million Housing Drive in Korea
Authors: Feather Christopher 
Published: August 2019

PurposeEmerging states confront staggering shortages in adequate housing stock. In response, governments have sought various supply-based solutions to mitigate growing housing deficits. While many of these mass housing efforts have not produced the desired outcome, the Republic of Korea’s Two Million Housing Drive (TMHD) was a comparatively successful intervention with its implementation from 1988 to 1992. The five-year initiative exceeded its objective with the construction of over 2.1 million units – of which two-thirds were built by the private sector. The purpose of this study is to analyse Korea’s relatively effective supply-based affordable housing approach and then extrapolate best practices and lessons learned with applications for real estate markets in the developing world. Comparative understanding of the TMHD can help promote greater access to adequate housing in the developing world, especially for the many who continue to live in impoverished conditions.Design/methodology/approachThe research uses content-based and quantitative methods to analyze the case of the TMHD in Korea toward informing improvements in corresponding supply-based housing policies and programs in developing states.FindingsWhile there were challenges with the TMHD, the program repositioned Korea’s urban housing market with greater access to affordable housing in cities for the lower-income and vulnerable. The TMHD enabled the subsequent effectiveness of demand-based housing policies.Research limitations/implicationsThere are research limitations in fully understanding the complex relationships between mass housing programs, economic growth and government policies. The abductive reasoning used in this case study enables in-depth analysis of the TMHD with generalizable inferences for middle-range theories with applications for emerging markets.Practical implicationsThe experience of the TMHD can promote policy harmonization by helping optimize corresponding mass housing efforts in the developing world with the potential to similarly close quantitative housing deficits and expand access to adequate housing for lower-income and vulnerable households.Social implicationsDeeper understanding of the TMHD can lead to reforms of other mass housing initiatives in emerging markets to make adequate housing more accessible and economical for the benefit of underserved segments of society.Originality/valueThe Korean experience with the TMHD can inform the optimization of other similar large-scale policies and programs seeking to sustainably overcome shortfalls in adequate housing that have become all too common in the developing world.
Are regional house prices stationary in Iran? New evidence using Fourier quantile unit root test
Authors: Hadizadeh Arash 
Published: August 2019

PurposeIn the Iranian economy, investing in the housing market has been very important and beneficial for investors and households, because of inflationary environment, low real interest rates, underdeveloped financial and tax systems and economic sanctions. Hence, prediction of house prices is the main concern of housing market agents in the economy. The purpose of this paper is to test the stationary properties of Iran's provinces to improve the prediction of future housing prices.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, the authors have tested the stationary properties of 20 Iran’s province centers over the period from 1993 to 2017 using a novel Fourier quantile unit root test and conventional ordinary/generalized least squares (O/GLS) linear unit root/stationary tests.FindingsAccording to conventional O/GLS linear unit root/stationary tests, most of the house prices series exhibit random walk behavior, whereas by applying the Fourier quantile unit root test, the null hypothesis of unit root is rejected for 15 out of 20 series. Other results indicated that house prices of cities responded differently to positive and negative shocks.Originality/valuePrevious studies only addressed conventional OLS or GLS linear unit root or stationary tests, but novel Fourier quantile unit root test was not used. New results were obtained based on this unit root test, that, as a priori knowledge, will help benefiting from the positive effects, or avoiding being victimized by the negative effects.
Implementation of SDGs at the University of South Africa
Authors: Mawonde Albert , Togo Muchaiteyi 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how universities can play a pivotal role in implementing sustainable development goals (SDGs). It recognises the advantage that universities have in responding to social challenges through their functions and operations, mainly through research and innovation and academic prowess. Not much guidance is available on how they can contribute to SDG implementation. The research is a case study of the University of South Africa, a distance education institution. It showcases how its science campus in Johannesburg has incorporated SDGs in its operations.

Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected through interviews with campus operations managers and sustainability office managers, a survey with environmental science honours students was conducted and observations of the Unisa Florida campus environment were undertaken to establish practices that contribute towards SDG implementation. Document analysis assisted in complementing the data collection process. Data were analysed by aligning practices with SDG indicators.

Findings
The research revealed a number of practices that align with SDGs in teaching, research, community engagement and campus operations management. Unisa is however challenged by financial limitations and as an open distance education and learning (ODeL) institution, it struggles to involve students in these projects. The paper concludes that while the most obvious contribution of universities to SDGs is towards quality education (SDG 4), higher education, including distance education institutions, can play an active role in implementing other SDGs as well.

Research limitations/implications
This research was limited to one institution, Unisa, owing to time limitations. While this might seem like the research was too selective, it was intentional, as the aim was to research a distance education institution. The research targeted staff involved in campus operations at Unisa’s Florida Campus, which is located in Johannesburg. Interviews were limited to students pursuing BSc Honours in Environmental Management. This was a methodological decision to contain the research, but making sure that the targeted respondents were the most informed. Individual case studies are often critiqued for being insufficiently representative to allow generalisations to other contexts (Jupp, 2006). This applies to this research in terms of “populations and universes” (Yin, 2003, p. 10), but generalisations to “theoretical propositions” (ibid) are possible.

Originality/value
There are few studies in Africa which researched implementation of SDGs in universities, let alone in ODeL institutions. The research revealed the challenge of involving students in sustainability practices in distance education institutions and serves as a testimony that such institutions can still have successful projects on and off campus. It suggests involving students in applied research based on the current sustainability projects on and off campus.
The impact of setting on wine tasting experiments
Authors: Lewis Geoffrey , Charters Steve , Lecat Benoît , Zalan Tatiana , Wolf Marianna McGarry 
Published: August 2019

PurposeTasting experiments involving willingness to pay (WTP) have grown over the past few years; however, most of them occur in formal wine-tasting conditions, removed from real-world experience. This study aims to conduct experiments on wine appreciation and willingness to pay in both settings, to allow a comparison of how tasters reached conclusions in different situations.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted two sets of experiments in Dijon, France, with knowledgeable wine drinkers, in 2014 and in 2016, to explore the relationship between wine ratings, WTP and objective characteristics (appellation, labelling and price). The first was in a formal wine-tasting setting (n = 58), and the second in the social setting of a restaurant (n = 52). The experiments involved deception: the tasters were presented with five wines, but in fact only three wines were involved, two of the wines being presented twice.FindingsThe results from the 2014 study showed that even with a group of experienced tasters, objective characteristics overwhelmed subjective assessment (taste, sensory perception) of the wine. Ratings and WTP were driven by the appellation or brand, labelling and price of the wines. The authors replicated the experiment in a social setting in 2016 which, contrary to their expectations, produced very similar results. In neither experiment did the experienced tasters detect the deception.Research limitations/implicationsThe social setting was a lunch in a restaurant with a group of students who were graduating together. The tasting was conducted by some of their professors, which may have influenced the results and raises questions about whether the setting was truly ‘social’. The sample size for the experiments was comparatively small and further research, including novice and expert tasters, might contradict these findings, or at least add nuances to them.Originality/valueThe study finds that, contrary to expectations, in the social wine consumption setting of a restaurant meal enjoyed with colleagues, objective wine characteristics over-rode subjective appreciation of the wine.
Two decades of research on nation branding: a review and future research agenda
Authors: Hao Andy W. , Paul Justin , Trott Sangeeta , Guo Chiquan , Wu Heng-Hui 
Published: August 2019

PurposeDespite the growing interest by scholars, practitioners and public policymakers, there are still divergent and fragmented conceptualizations of nation branding as the field is still developing. In response, the purpose of this paper is to review and synthesize nation branding research and to provide directions for future research.Design/methodology/approachThe authors review peer-reviewed theoretical and empirical journal articles published during the last two decades – from 1998 to 2018. Selected journal articles on nation branding were subsequently synthesized for further insights.FindingsThe field of nation branding is fragmented and has developed in the course of the last two decades in different directions. This paper identifies key publication outlets and articles, major theoretical and methodological approaches and primary variables of interest that exist in the nation branding literature. The findings also highlight several research themes for future research.Originality/valueThis research fills a need to summaries the current state of the nation branding literature and identifies research issues that need to be addressed in the future.