bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gene relevance based on multiple evidences in complex networks
Authors: Di Nanni Noemi , Gnocchi Matteo , Moscatelli Marco , Milanesi Luciano , Mosca Ettore 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMotivationMulti-omics approaches offer the opportunity to reconstruct a more complete picture of the molecular events associated with human diseases, but pose challenges in data analysis. Network-based methods for the analysis of multi-omics leverage the complex web of macromolecular interactions occurring within cells to extract significant patterns of molecular alterations. Existing network-based approaches typically address specific combinations of omics and are limited in terms of the number of layers that can be jointly analysed. In this study, we investigate the application of network diffusion to quantify gene relevance on the basis of multiple evidences (layers).ResultsWe introduce a gene score (mND) that quantifies the relevance of a gene in a biological process taking into account the network proximity of the gene and its first neighbours to other altered genes. We show that mND has a better performance over existing methods in finding altered genes in network proximity in one or more layers. We also report good performances in recovering known cancer genes. The pipeline described in this article is broadly applicable, because it can handle different types of inputs: in addition to multi-omics datasets, datasets that are stratified in many classes (e.g., cell clusters emerging from single cell analyses) or a combination of the two scenarios.Availability and implementationThe R package ‘mND’ is available at URL: https://www.itb.cnr.it/mnd.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Network dependence testing via diffusion maps and distance-based correlations
Authors: Lee Youjin , Shen Cencheng , Priebe Carey E , Vogelstein Joshua T 
Published: August 2019

Summary
Deciphering the associations between network connectivity and nodal attributes is one of the core problems in network science. The dependency structure and high dimensionality of networks pose unique challenges to traditional dependency tests in terms of theoretical guarantees and empirical performance. We propose an approach to test network dependence via diffusion maps and distance-based correlations. We prove that the new method yields a consistent test statistic under mild distributional assumptions on the graph structure, and demonstrate that it is able to efficiently identify the most informative graph embedding with respect to the diffusion time. The methodology is illustrated on both simulated and real data.
New Security Risk Value Estimate Method for Android Applications
Authors: Er-rajy Latifa , El Kiram My Ahmed , El Ghazouani Mohamed 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Nowadays, mobile applications are the devices’ core, so their security is essential for the platform on which are installed. Therefore, to make this security strong, Android implements permission system and sandboxing mechanism to reduce the attacks contingency. Also, antivirus software is used to detect the already known malware based on their signature, but unfortunately, this kind of program cannot detect cloned or repackaged malware. Thus, using authorizations to estimate the security vulnerability will surely be very useful for avoiding applications that are more susceptible to be dangerous according to the risk values obtained. Consequently, this will provide systematic support that will make it easier for users to make appropriate decisions and therefore greatly improve the Android devices’ security. In this article, additionally to the risk measures that have been already proposed in previous studies based on functionalities such as permissions and function calls, we add a set of mathematical metrics describing the case of susceptible and innocent applications already known. Our risk assessment exploits applications already known as malware and safe samples without any threat.
Air pollution and cardiovascular disease: car sick
Authors: Miller Mark R , Newby David E 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The cardiovascular effects of inhaled particle matter (PM) are responsible for a substantial morbidity and mortality attributed to air pollution. Ultrafine particles, like those in diesel exhaust emissions, are a major source of nanoparticles in urban environments, and it is these particles that have the capacity to induce the most significant health effects. Research has shown that diesel exhaust exposure can have many detrimental effects on the cardiovascular system both acutely and chronically. This review provides an overview of the cardiovascular effects on PM in air pollution, with an emphasis on ultrafine particles in vehicle exhaust. We consider the biological mechanisms underlying these cardiovascular effects of PM and postulate that cardiovascular dysfunction may be implicated in the effects of PM in other organ systems. The employment of multiple strategies to tackle air pollution, and especially ultrafine particles from vehicles, is likely to be accompanied by improvements in cardiovascular health.
Validation of reported dentoalveolar relationships in the Swedish Quality Registry for Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Pegelow Marie , Klintö Kristina , Stålhand Gudrun , Lemberger Mathias , Vesterbacka Malin , Rizell Sara , Chalien Midia Najar , Björnström Lena , Becker Magnus , Lindberg Marianne , Marcusson Agneta , Karsten Agneta 
Published: August 2019

Summary

Objectives
The present study validated data that had been reported to the Swedish Quality Registry for Cleft Lip and Palate (CLP) under new requirements from 2016, when use of the 5-year-old (5YO) and the Modified Huddart and Bodenham (MHB) indices for rating occlusion in children born with unilateral CLP (UCLP) was introduced.

Materials and methods
The sample included blinded study casts (n = 97) and photos (n = 4) of 5-year-old children who had been born with UCLP in 2009−2011 and were enrolled at one of six cleft centres in Sweden. Fourteen orthodontists from the centres assessed the patients (n = 101) using the 5YO and the MHB indices. Median 5YO and MHB scores of the 14 assessments were compared with original registry data (n = 61). Each centre devised code keys to protect the identities of their patients in the registry.

Results
Interrater agreement among the 14 orthodontists was good for the 5YO index (quadratic-weighted kappa: 0.72−0.92) and the MHB index (intraclass correlation coefficient: 0.991−0.994). Comparisons of median 5YOs for each identifiable child with their registry data (n = 61) found total agreement for 70.5 per cent. Comparisons between median MHBs and registry data showed very good or good agreement in 93.4 per cent of the cases.

Limitations
Two teams lost their code keys, which reduced the sample to 61 patients.

Conclusions
The dentoalveolar outcome data in the CLP registry was trustworthy. There was good agreement among the Swedish cleft teams assessing the 5YO and MHB indices in children born with UCLP at age 5 years.
Monetary Power Reconsidered: The Struggle between the Bundesbank and the Fed over Monetary Leadership
Authors: Krampf Arie 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis article reexamines the theory of monetary power to explain the role of the Bundesbank (and Germany) in the emergence of the rules-based low-inflation regime in the late1980s and early 1990s. Our theory of monetary power draws on the notion of institutional power and the concept of monetary leadership, understood as the capacity to attract foreign investment, and thereby explains how domestic institutional features and contingent historical events affect countries’ external monetary power. This theory is employed to trace how the Bundesbank go-it-alone strategy in 1989 triggered a cross-national sequence of events that changed the international monetary order in a way that was consistent with the German interests. The transition was marked by a shift from the US-led pragmatist approach of international macroeconomic coordination to a rules-based approach founded on the principle of low-inflation–targeting. The article argues that this change took place despite the opposition of the Federal Reserve System (Fed) and the US Treasury. The article contributes to the literature on the decline of US hegemonic power as well as the literature on the mechanism of institutional change at the international level. It also sheds new light on current debates about the putative decline of the rules-based world order.
Differential Susceptibility of Bagrada hilaris (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) to Different Species of Fungal Pathogens
Authors: Barrera-López Anahi A , Guzmán-Franco Ariel W , Santillán-Galicia Materesa , Tamayo-Mejía Fernando , Bujanos-Muñiz Rafael , García-Ávila Clemente J , López-Buenfil Jose A 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Bagrada hilaris Burmeister (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is a pest of Palearctic origin. Its presence in the United States was first reported in 2008 and in Mexico in 2014; it affects brassica crops. There are practically no reports of natural enemies of B. hilaris in America. Entomopathogenic fungi are strong candidates for microbial control of this pest. Evaluating the susceptibility of this pest to fungi that are native to the region where they will be used is a sensible first step to finding candidate biological control agents. The aim of our research was to select potential microbial agents to control B. hilaris. Eleven isolates of Beauveria bassiana, Beauveria pseudobassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, and Isaria fumosorosea were evaluated to determine the susceptibility of B. hilaris. Isolates of B. bassiana caused the highest mortality due to infection (100%) compared with the other isolates. The I. fumosorosea isolate caused the lowest percent mortality (56%). The two B. bassiana isolates Bb88 and AP3 were more virulent than M. anisopliae isolate Ma129. The sex of the insect had no effect on infection levels achieved by B. bassiana isolates Bb88 and AP3. The results of our study contribute valuable information for the development of fungal species with potential to manage B. hilaris populations. Field studies are the next step in order to develop these isolates as biological control agents of B. hilaris.
Pastoralist activities affect the movement patterns of a large African carnivore, the spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta)
Authors: Green David S , Holekamp Kay E 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Populations of large carnivores are declining in many parts of the world due to anthropogenic activity. Some species of large carnivores, however, are able to coexist with people by altering their behavior. Altered behaviors may be challenging to identify in large carnivores because these animals are typically cryptic, nocturnal, live at low densities, and because changes in their behavior may be subtle or emerge slowly over many years. We studied the effects of livestock presence on the movements of one large carnivore, the spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta). We fit 22 adult female spotted hyenas with GPS collars to quantify their movements in areas with and without livestock or herders present, in and around a protected area in southwestern Kenya. We investigated anthropogenic, social, and ecological effects on the speed of movement, distances traveled, long-distance movements, and extraterritorial excursions by spotted hyenas. Hyenas living primarily within the protected area, but in the presence of livestock and herders, moved faster, traveled over longer distances, and were more likely to be within their territories than did conspecifics living in areas without livestock and herders. Hyenas of low social rank were more likely than hyenas of high social rank to engage in long-distance travel events, and these were more likely to occur when prey were scarce. The movement patterns of this large African carnivore indicate a flexibility that may allow them to persist in landscapes that are becoming increasingly defined by people.
Temperature, rainfall, and moonlight intensity effects on activity of tropical insectivorous bats
Authors: Appel Giulliana , López-Baucells Adrià , Magnusson William Ernest , Bobrowiec Paulo Estefano D 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe extrinsic factors that most influence animal activity are weather and light conditions, which can be assessed at hourly, monthly, and even lunar-cycle timescales. We evaluated the responses of tropical aerial-insectivorous bats to temperature, rainfall, and moonlight intensity within and among nights. Temperature positively affected the activity of two species (Cormura brevirostris and Saccopteryx bilineata). Moonlight reduced Myotis riparius activity and increased the activity of Pteronotus rubiginosus and S. leptura. Rainfall can promote an irregular activity peak during the night compared to nights without rainfall, but the bats in our study were not active for a longer time after a rainfall event. Our findings indicate that moonlight and temperature are the variables with the highest impact on the activity of tropical insectivorous bat species and that some species are sensitive to small variations in rainfall among and within nights.
A comparison of explosion energies for simulated and observed core-collapse supernovae
Authors: Murphy Jeremiah W , Mabanta Quintin , Dolence Joshua C 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT
There are now 20 multidimensional core-collapse supernova (CCSN) simulations that explode. However, these simulations have explosion energies that are a few times 1050 erg, not 1051 erg. In this manuscript, we compare the inferred explosion energies of these simulations and observations of 40 SN IIP. Assuming a lognormal distribution, the mean explosion energy for these observations is $\mu _{\rm obs} = -0.23^{+0.08}_{-0.12}$ ($\log _{10}(E/10^{51}\, {\rm erg})$) and the width is $\sigma _{\rm obs} = 0.52^{+0.09}_{-0.08}$. Only three CCSN codes have sufficient simulations to compare with observations: CHIMERA, CoCoNuT-FMT, and FORNAX. Currently, FORNAX has the largest sample of simulations. The two-dimensional FORNAX simulations show a correlation between explosion energy and progenitor mass, ranging from linear to quadratic, Esim ∝ M1 − 2; this correlation is consistent with inferences from observations. In addition, we infer the ratio of the observed-to-simulated explosion energies, Δ = log10(Eobs/Esim). For the CHIMERA set, Δ = 0.25 ± 0.07; for CoCoNuT-FMT, Δ = 0.49 ± 0.07; for FORNAX2D, Δ = 0.62 ± 0.06, and for FORNAX3D, Δ = 0.85 ± 0.07. On average, the simulations are less energetic than inferred energies from observations (Δ ≈ 0.6), but we also note that the variation among the simulations [max(Δ) − min(Δ) ≈ 0.6] is as large as this average offset. This suggests that further improvements to the simulations could resolve the discrepancy. Furthermore, both the simulations and observations are heavily biased. In this preliminary comparison, we model these biases, but to more reliably compare the explosion energies, we recommend strategies to unbias both the simulations and observations.
Low-mass nitrogen-, oxygen-bearing, and aromatic compounds in Enceladean ice grains
Authors: Khawaja N , Postberg F , Hillier J , Klenner F , Kempf S , Nölle L , Reviol R , Zou Z , Srama R 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT
Saturn’s moon Enceladus is erupting a plume of gas and ice grains from its south pole. Linked directly to the moon’s subsurface global ocean, plume material travels through cracks in the icy crust and is ejected into space. The subsurface ocean is believed to be in contact with the rocky core, with ongoing hydrothermal activity present. The Cassini spacecraft’s Ion and Neutral Mass Spectrometer (INMS) detected volatile, gas phase, organic species in the plume and the Cosmic Dust Analyser (CDA) discovered high-mass, complex organic material in a small fraction of ice grains. Here, we present a broader compositional analysis of CDA mass spectra from organic-bearing ice grains. Through analogue experiments, we find spectral characteristics attributable to low-mass organic compounds in the Enceladean ice grains: nitrogen-bearing, oxygen-bearing, and aromatic. By comparison with INMS results, we identify low-mass amines [particularly (di)methylamine and/or ethylamine] and carbonyls (with acetic acid and/or acetaldehyde most suitable) as the best candidates for the N- and O-bearing compounds, respectively. Inferred organic concentrations in individual ice particles vary but may reach tens of mmol levels. The low-mass nitrogen- and oxygen-bearing compounds are dissolved in the ocean, evaporating efficiently at its surface and entering the ice grains via vapour adsorption. The potentially partially water soluble, low-mass aromatic compounds may alternatively enter ice grains via aerosolization. These amines, carbonyls, and aromatic compounds could be ideal precursors for mineral-catalysed Friedel–Crafts hydrothermal synthesis of biologically relevant organic compounds in the warm depths of Enceladus’ ocean.
Cross-correlation between the 21-cm signal and [O iii] emitters during early cosmic reionization
Authors: Moriwaki Kana , Yoshida Naoki , Eide Marius B , Ciardi Benedetta 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT
We study statistics of the 21-cm signal from the epoch of reionization. We propose to use [O iii] line emitting galaxies to cross-correlate with the 21-cm signal from z = 7–10. To this aim, we employ simulations of reionization obtained post-processing the high-resolution cosmological hydrodynamic simulation Massive Black-II with the three-dimensional (3D) radiative transfer code crash to follow the propagation of ionizing photons from a variety of sources. We show that, during the early phases of reionization, the 21-cm signal is positively correlated with the spatial distribution of the [O iii] emitters on large scales $(k \lt 1\, h~\rm cMpc^{-1})$. This positive correlation is generated by the temperature–galaxy correlation and it is a few times larger than when we assume that the heating is saturated. As the reionized regions expand, the correlation changes its sign to negative from z = 10 to 8. The signals at this epoch can be detected by combining the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) and a wide-field [O iii] emitter survey. We also calculate the cross-power spectrum with a 3D [O iii] intensity field, aiming at exploiting future intensity mapping observations. We conclude that high-redshift [O iii] line emitters can be used to probe the reionization process when the intergalactic medium is largely neutral.
BAT AGN Spectroscopic Survey – XIII. The nature of the most luminous obscured AGN in the low-redshift universe
Authors: Bär Rudolf E , Trakhtenbrot Benny , Oh Kyuseok , Koss Michael J , Wong O Ivy , Ricci Claudio , Schawinski Kevin , Weigel Anna K , Sartori Lia F , Ichikawa Kohei , Secrest Nathan J , Stern Daniel , Pacucci Fabio , Mushotzky Richard , Powell Meredith C , Ricci Federica , Sani Eleonora , Smith Krista L , Harrison Fiona A , Lamperti Isabella , Urry C Megan 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT
We present a multiwavelength analysis of 28 of the most luminous low-redshift narrow-line, ultra-hard X-ray-selected active galactic nuclei (AGN) drawn from the 70-month Swift/BAT all-sky survey, with bolometric luminosities of $\log (L_{\rm bol} /{\rm erg\, s}^{-1}) \gtrsim 45.25$. The broad goal of our study is to determine whether these objects have any distinctive properties, potentially setting them aside from lower luminosity obscured AGN in the local Universe. Our analysis relies on the first data release of the BAT AGN Spectroscopic Survey (BASS/DR1) and on dedicated observations with the VLT, Palomar, and Keck observatories. We find that the vast majority of our sources agree with commonly used AGN selection criteria which are based on emission line ratios and on mid-infrared colours. Our AGN are pre-dominantly hosted in massive galaxies (9.8 ≲ log (M*/M⊙) ≲ 11.7); based on visual inspection of archival optical images, they appear to be mostly ellipticals. Otherwise, they do not have distinctive properties. Their radio luminosities, determined from publicly available survey data, show a large spread of almost four orders of magnitude – much broader than what is found for lower X-ray luminosity obscured AGN in BASS. Moreover, our sample shows no preferred combination of black hole masses (MBH) and/or Eddington ratio (λEdd), covering 7.5 ≲ log (MBH/M⊙) ≲ 10.3 and 0.01 ≲ λEdd ≲ 1. Based on the distribution of our sources in the λEdd−NH plane, we conclude that our sample is consistent with a scenario where the amount of obscuring material along the line of sight is determined by radiation pressure exerted by the AGN on the dusty circumnuclear gas.
JINGLE V: Dust properties of nearby galaxies derived from hierarchical Bayesian SED fitting
Authors: Lamperti Isabella , Saintonge Amélie , De Looze Ilse , Accurso Gioacchino , Clark Christopher J R , Smith Matthew W L , Wilson Christine D , Brinks Elias , Brown Toby , Bureau Martin , Clements David L , Eales Stephen , Glass David H W , Hwang Ho Seong , Lee Jong Chul , Lin Lihwai , Michalowski Michal J , Sargent Mark , Williams Thomas G , Xiao Ting , Yang Chentao 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
We study the dust properties of 192 nearby galaxies from the JINGLE survey using photometric data in the 22-850$\mu$m range. We derive the total dust mass, temperature T and emissivity index β of the galaxies through the fitting of their spectral energy distribution (SED) using a single modified black-body model (SMBB). We apply a hierarchical Bayesian approach that reduces the known degeneracy between T and β. Applying the hierarchical approach, the strength of the T-β anti-correlation is reduced from a Pearson correlation coefficient R = −0.79 to R = −0.52. For the JINGLE galaxies we measure dust temperatures in the range 17 − 30 K and dust emissivity indices β in the range 0.6 − 2.2. We compare the SMBB model with the broken emissivity modified black-body (BMBB) and the two modified black-bodies (TMBB) models. The results derived with the SMBB and TMBB are in good agreement, thus applying the SMBB, which comes with fewer free parameters, does not penalize the measurement of the cold dust properties in the JINGLE sample. We investigate the relation between T and β and other global galaxy properties in the JINGLE and Herschel Reference Survey (HRS) sample. We find that β correlates with the stellar mass surface density (R = 0.62) and anti-correlates with the HI mass fraction (MHI/M*, R = −0.65), whereas the dust temperature correlates strongly with the SFR normalized by the dust mass (R = 0.73). These relations can be used to estimate T and β in galaxies with insufficient photometric data available to measure them directly through SED fitting.
Gaia parallax of Milky Way globular clusters – A solution of mixture model
Authors: Shao Zhengyi , Li Lu 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
We have established a mixture model approach to derive the parallax of the Milky Way globular clusters. It avoids the problem of cluster membership determination and provides a completely independent astrometrical solution by purely using the parallax data. This method is validated with simulated clusters of Pancino et al.. We have resolved 120 real globular clusters by the mixture model using parallaxes of the second data release of Gaia . They construct the largest direct parallax sample up to now. In comparison with other direct parallax results based on cluster members, including 75 clusters of Gaia Collaboration, our method presents its accuracy, especially for some particular clusters. A systematic offset of −27.6 ± 1.7 μas, together with a scatter of 22.8 ± 1.3 μas is found in comparison with other indirect parallax measurements. They are consistent with the global value and the variation of the zero-point of current Gaia parallaxes. Distances of several specific nearby globular clusters are discussed while the closest ones can reach high precisions, even taking the systematic error into account.