bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What Are Predictors for Persistence in Childhood Stuttering?
Authors: Usler Evan , Bostian Anna , Mohan Ranjini , Gerwin Katelyn , Brown Barbara , Weber Christine , Smith Anne , Walsh Bridget 
Published: August 2018

AbstractOver the past 10 years, we (the Purdue Stuttering Project) have implemented longitudinal studies to examine factors related to persistence and recovery in early childhood stuttering. Stuttering develops essentially as an impairment in speech sensorimotor processes that is strongly influenced by dynamic interactions among motor, language, and emotional domains. Our work has assessed physiological, behavioral, and clinical features of stuttering within the motor, linguistic, and emotional domains. We describe the results of studies in which measures collected when the child was 4 to 5 years old are related to eventual stuttering status. We provide supplemental evidence of the role of known predictive factors (e.g., sex and family history of persistent stuttering). In addition, we present new evidence that early delays in basic speech motor processes (especially in boys), poor performance on a nonword repetition test, stuttering severity at the age of 4 to 5 years, and delayed or atypical functioning in central nervous system language processing networks are predictive of persistent stuttering.
My Client Knows That He's About to Stutter: How Can We Address Stuttering Anticipation during Therapy with Young People Who Stutter?
Authors: Gerlach Hope , Rodgers Naomi , Zebrowski Patricia , Jackson Eric 
Published: August 2018

AbstractStuttering anticipation is endorsed by many people who stutter as a core aspect of the stuttering experience. Anticipation is primarily a covert phenomenon and people who stutter respond to anticipation in a variety of ways. At the same time as anticipation occurs and develops internally, for many individuals the “knowing” or “feeling” that they are about to stutter is a primary contributor to the chronicity of the disorder. In this article, we offer a roadmap for both understanding the phenomenon of anticipation and its relevance to stuttering development. We introduce the Stuttering Anticipation Scale (SAS)—a 25-item clinical tool that can be used to explore a client's internal experience of anticipation to drive goal development and clinical decision making. We ground this discussion in a hypothetical case study of “Ryan,” a 14-year-old who stutters, to demonstrate how clinicians might use the SAS to address anticipation in therapy with young people who stutter.
How Can We Overcome the Challenges of Providing School-Based Fluency Services?
Authors: Johnson Laura , Chmela Kristin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractProviding speech and language services in the school setting can be challenging, especially for complex problems such as stuttering and other fluency disorders. Speech–language pathologists (SLPs) feel less comfortable working with students who have fluency disorders, which makes problem solving around delivering these services even more difficult. The purpose of this article is to identify three categories of challenges school-based therapists may face when evaluating and treating this population. The challenges discussed in this article are drawn from our literature, interviews with several practicing therapists, and the authors' experiences providing assessment and therapy to school-age children, as well as consultations and in-services for school-based SLPs. We provide suggestions for facilitating positive change across these challenges.
Surgical Treatment for Stress Urinary Incontinence in Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Oliveira Letícia Maria de , Dias Marcia Maria , Martins Sérgio Brasileiro , Haddad Jorge Milhem , Girão Manoel João Batista Castello , Castro Rodrigo de Aquino 
Published: August 2018

Objective To compare surgical treatments for stress urinary incontinence in terms of efficiency and complications.
Data Sources We searched the MEDLINE and COCHRANE databases using the terms stress urinary incontinence, surgical treatment for stress urinary incontinence and sling.
Selection of Studies Forty-eight studies were selected, which amounted to a total of 6,881 patients with scores equal to or higher than 3 in the Jadad scale.
Data Collection Each study was read by one of the authors, added to a standardized table and checked by a second author. We extracted data on intervention details, follow-up time, the results of treatment and adverse events.
Data Synthesis Comparing retropubic versus transobturator slings, the former was superior for both objective (odds ratio [OR], 1.27; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05–1.54) and subjective (OR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.02–1.48) cures. Between minislings versus other slings, there was a difference favoring other slings for subjective cure (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.39–0.86). Between pubovaginal sling versus Burch surgery, there was a difference for both objective (OR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.50–2.77) and subjective (OR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.10–2.44) cures, favoring pubovaginal sling. There was no difference in the groups: midurethral slings versus Burch, pubovaginal sling versus midurethral slings, transobturator slings, minislings versus other slings (objective cure). Retropubic and pubovaginal slings are more retentionist. Retropubic slings have more bladder perforation, and transobturator slings, more leg and groin pain, neurological lesion and vaginal perforation.
Conclusion Pubovaginal slings are superior to Burch colposuspension surgery but exhibit more retention. Retropubic slings are superior to transobturator slings, with more adverse events. Other slings are superior to minislings in the subjective aspect. There was no difference in the comparisons between midurethral slings versus Burch colposuspension surgery, pubovaginal versus midurethral slings, and inside-out versus outside-in transobturator slings.
Age Distribution and Concomitant Injuries in Pulmonary Contusion: An Analysis Based on Routine Data
Authors: Finkbeiner Rebekka , Krinner Sebastian , Langenbach Andreas , Besendörfer Manuel , Schulz-Drost Stefan 
Published: August 2018

Background As the population ages, low-energy thoracic injuries are becoming increasingly relevant in individual injuries, particularly pulmonary contusions (PCs) and their common concomitant injuries. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and age distribution of thoracic trauma, especially PC, to make conclusions about common secondary diagnoses and developments in management.
Methods A retrospective analysis of 209,820 cases, based on German routine data from the years 2009 to 2015, with a main diagnosis (MD) or secondary diagnosis (SD) of thoracic trauma (S27 according to ICD-10) was performed. The entire patient collective with a MD of S27 was examined as well as those with PCs (S27.31).
Results In all 61,016 patients with a MD of S27, 7,558 (12.4%) had a MD of PC and among the 148,804 patients with a SD of S27, 58,247 patients (39.1%) had a SD of PC. PC occurs mostly in the age groups of 20 to 25, 45 to 50, and 70 to 75 years. The proportion of older people tends to be increasing. The most concomitant thoracic injuries were serial rib fractures (27.1%), pneumothorax (11.9%), and sternum fractures (6.2%). Computed tomography scan is the most common diagnostic tool in PC (MD >80%, SD >60%). Therapeutically, intensive care (>50%) and chest drainage are most important (MD: 12.5%, SD: 60.1%), while operative measures are rare (≤ 4%).
Conclusion PC shows a marked increase in the incidence, especially in older patients and as a companion diagnosis in thoracic injuries. It should be diagnosed early as well as its concomitant injuries to avoid complications.
Factors Affecting the Outcome of Multiple Intracranial Aneurysm Surgery
Authors: Abdallah Anas , Asiltürk Murad , Emel Erhan , Güler Abdallah Betül 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Objectives Multiple intracranial aneurysms (MIAs) are fairly common entities. Unless MIAs are incidentally diagnosed, they remain asymptomatic until they rupture. In this study, the authors investigated factors affecting the surgical outcomes in patients with MIA by evaluating the surgical outcomes of 90 consecutive cases.
Material and Methods Medical records were retrospectively reviewed for 409 consecutive cerebral aneurysm cases that underwent surgery in the hospital from 2011 to 2013. The patients’ data were prospectively collected. All MIA patients (n = 90) constituted the core sample for this study.
Results The authors detected 221 aneurysms in 90 patients (49 females and 41 males; mean age: 50.8 ± 11.9 years; range: 25–82 years). Of the patients, 67 presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage, whereas 23 were incidentally diagnosed with unruptured aneurysms. The mortality rate was 13.3% (n = 12). The morbidity rate was 18.8% (n = 17). Of the patients, 67.8% (n = 61) had returned to their jobs and normal daily activities by their last follow-up (average: 52.3 months). History of coronary artery diseases (CADs) and low neurologic grade at presentation (Hunt-Hess grade 4/5) are independent risk factors for increasing morbidity and mortality in patients with MIA (odds ratio [OR]: 18.46; p = 0.007); (OR: 30.0; p = 0.002) and (OR: 0.06; p = 0.0001); (OR: 0.07; p = 0.002), respectively.
Conclusion History of CADs and high Hunt-Hess grade are independent risk factors for poor surgical outcomes of patients with MIA.
Miniaturized Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy for Split-Thickness Skin Graft Donor Sites
Authors: Mitchell Stuart , Ray Edward , Cordeiro Peter 
Published: August 2018

Background Multiple therapeutic options exist for the treatment of split-thickness skin graft (STSG) donor sites, but there is no clear consensus among surgeons about the best option. Negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has rapidly gained in popularity since its invention. Recently, several miniaturized, single-patient NPWT (SP-NPWT) devices have become available. Compared with traditional NPWT devices, SP-NPWT devices are associated with equal wound healing capability and reliability, but offer several advantages. We present a series of 10 consecutive patients whose STSG donor sites were treated with a commercially available SP-NPWT device.
Methods We performed a retrospective review for 10 consecutive patients who underwent STSG procedures and were treated with SP-NPWT devices.
Results From 2015 to 2017, 10 consecutive patients underwent oncologic reconstruction using STSG and had their donor sites treated with SP-NPWT devices. The SP-NPWT dressing had been left in place for 2 weeks after surgery. The average donor site area measured 80 cm2 (range: 76–106 cm2). In all 10 patients, the donor sites healed uneventfully and with no complications.
Conclusion Off-the-shelf, miniaturized, SP-NPWT systems appear to be at least as effective as traditional dressings for STSG donor sites and require no maintenance (skilled nursing or dressing changes). Compared with larger and less portable standard NPWT devices, SP-NPWT dressing systems provide a potential cost benefit as well as enhanced convenience and portability.
Forward-looking
Authors: Stukenbrock Anja 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
This chapter deals with the concepts of projection and conditional relevance by examining the temporal and sequential relationship between speech, gesture and gaze in deictic practices. It makes the following claims: Verbal deictics combined with embodied practices that direct the addressee’s attention to visible phenomena form a multimodal, intercorporeal gestalt. They constitute a request for the addressee’s gaze. This means that within the deictic referencing act, a multimodal summons-answer sequence unfolds that comprises recurrent gaze patterns both of the pointing and the gazing participant. These gaze practices are context-sensitive and temporally fine-tuned to the emerging verbal and kinetic practices, they occupy specific positions within the deictic act which in turn can be embedded within other actions such as instructions, requests etc.
Suspending talk
Authors: Iwasaki Shimako 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
This chapter investigates ways in which multiple participants coordinate actions within a temporally unfolding “turn-constructional unit (TCU)” in Japanese conversation. Utterances are shaped by ongoing processes of participation and speakers modulate the structure of their emerging TCU with recipients’ dynamic stance-displays. Building on Iwasaki (2011, 2013), the paper examines ways in which speakers delay the further realization of an unfolding unit by suspending its progressivity, and incorporate recipients’ actions into the design of the turn. The speaker creates interstitial spaces right after or immediately before producing a component conveying speaker’s stance and affiliation, and invites recipient’s actions toward the particular component before completing the turn. This chapter illustrates systematic multimodal practices within unit construction that enable emergent forms of participation.
The temporal organization of conversation while mucking out a sheep stable
Authors: Keevallik Leelo 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Based on talk-oriented activities, there seems to be a consensus that turn-taking is organized to minimize gaps between turns. This study looks at a conversational sequence that evolved in a multi-party setting during a joint cleaning of a sheep stable, and analyzes how nextness is accomplished in an unproblematic manner after extensive silences. It argues that due to the non-cognitive but physically straining nature of the activity in a confined space, chatting is almost constant but response relevance is reduced. It discusses the moral orders of talk and work in this multiactivity setting, where urgency is not an issue, and suggests that data collection for sequence analysis be more attentive to the systematic differences between talk-oriented and other settings.
Revisiting delayed completions
Authors: Oloff Florence 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Since Lerner coined the notion of delayed completion in 1989, this recurrent social practice of continuing one’s speaking turn while disregarding an intermediate co-participant’s utterance has not been investigated with regard to embodied displays and actions. A sequential approach to videotaped mundane conversations in German will explain the occurrence and use of delayed completions. First, especially in multi-party and multi-activity settings, delayed completions can result from reduced monitoring and coordinating activities. Second, recipients can use intra-turn response slots for more extended responsive actions than the current speaker initially projected, leading to delayed completion sequences. Finally, delayed completions are used for blocking possibly misaligned co-participant actions. The investigation of visible action illustrates that delayed completions are a basic practice for retrospectively managing co-participant response slots.
Questions on the move
Authors: Mondada Lorenza 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The paper contributes to the study of complex multimodal Gestalts involving mobile bodies in interaction and to an approach of action formation considering embodiment and the local ecology of the activity. The analyses deal with question-answer sequences in guided visits and provide for a systematic analysis of the interactional space in which they are produced. More specifically, it deals with questions asked when the guide is about to move vs. while the guide is walking ahead, showing different mobile practices making them possible – such as stopping, intercepting, catching up, joining, queuing. It then deals with answers, showing the mobile responsive practices implementing them – such as stopping, moving forward, body-torqueing, walking backwards. These embodied practices are consequential for the type of action accomplished and their participation framework: they configure the question as a public vs. a personal one, recipient oriented to an individual vs. to a group.
Bodily shadowing
Authors: Sunakawa Chiho 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
In this chapter, I examine synchronous body movements made by an orchestral conducting teacher and students while engaging one another in an instructional interaction. This behavioral synchrony, which I refer to as bodily shadowing, provides participants with effective ways to learn and teach orchestral conducting skills. It is important for students to move their bodies as the teacher moves his because students learn forms of body movement that are situated in a specific temporal context. By analyzing the elements of the teacher’s behavior that are chosen for shadowing and how shadowing is initiated, I demonstrate the process by which participants communicate the correction. Additionally, I explain how bodily shadowing becomes a means to display understanding and a way of participating in an apprenticeship interaction.
Prefiguring the future
Authors: Schmidt Axel 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Theater rehearsals have a characteristic temporal organization: They rely on fleeting (talk/embodied conduct) and endurable resources (e.g. manipulation of objects) to accomplish a stage play which has a defined shape. In doing this, participants have to bridge time gaps and they are therefore dependent on practices which are able to prefigure the future in a more sustainable way. Based on video recordings from theater rehearsals I will show the basic operation of these practices: While projections-by-arrangements anticipate the play world verbally, preparations produce material parts of the play world (e.g. attaching props). Finally, I consider more general implications of the differences between “verbalizing” (projections) and “materializing” (preparations) for the temporalities of interactional organization.
Changes in turn-design over interactional histories – the case of instructions in driving school lessons
Authors: Deppermann Arnulf 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
This paper studies how the turn-design of a highly recurrent type of action changes over time. Based on a corpus of video-recordings of German driving lessons, we consider one type of instructions and analyze how the same instructional action is produced by the same speaker (the instructor) for the same addressee (the student) in consecutive trials of a learning task. We found that instructions become increasingly shorter, indexical and syntactically less complex; interactional sequences become more condensed and activities designed to secure mutual understanding become rarer. This study shows how larger temporal frameworks of interpersonal interactional histories which range beyond the interactional sequence impinge on the recipient-design of turns and the deployment of multimodal resources in situ.
Pragmatics vs rhetoric
Authors: Ilie Cornelia 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Pragmatics and rhetoric display a range of commonalities and convergences in that both are concerned with discursive and extra-discursive strategies that enable the negotiation and re-negotiation of context-situated meaning, and the co-performance of interpersonal and institutional relationships in terms of intentions and expectations. At the same time, while pragmatics and rhetoric display differences in analytical focus, they complement each other, through specific insights into, e.g., interactive uses of addressing forms and goal-oriented speech acts (pragmatics) and figurative language use and argumentation processes (rhetoric). The aim of this chapter is to explore the interface between pragmatics and rhetoric, arguing that a pragma-rhetorical approach provides systematic tools for a multi-level analysis of discursive contextualisation of political power struggle and of metadiscursive framing of question-answer political confrontation.
Translation studies and pragmatics
Authors: House Juliane 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
My chapter highlights the role of context in the interface between translation studies and pragmatics. Translated texts are doubly contextually bound: to their originals and the new recipients’ contextual conditions. This double linkage underlies the equivalence relation – the conceptual heart of translation. Translation involves re-contextualisation, and a distinction is often made between overt and covert translation as qualitatively different ways of re-contextualisation. Overt translations are embedded in new contexts co-activating original contexts for their new recipients. Covert translations have the status of originals in new contexts being of equal concern for old and new addressees. Here the new addressees’ communicative preferences are accounted for via a cultural filter resulting from relevant contrastive pragmatic studies. Examples of such filtering are provided.
Pragmatics and anthropology
Authors: Senft Gunter 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Bronislaw Malinowski – based on his experience during his field research on the Trobriand Islands – pointed out that language is first and foremost a tool for creating social bonds. It is a mode of behavior and the meaning of an utterance is constituted by its pragmatic function. Malinowski’s ideas finally led to the formation of the subdiscipline “anthropological linguistics”. This paper presents three observations of the Trobrianders’ attitude to their language Kilivila and their language use in social interactions. They illustrate that whoever wants to successfully research the role of language, culture and cognition in social interaction must be on ‘common ground’ with the researched community.
Corpus linguistics and pragmatics
Authors: Rühlemann Christoph , Clancy Brian 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Pragmatics and corpus linguistics were long considered mutually exclusive. In recent years, however, common ground has been discovered thus paving the way for the new field of corpus pragmatics. This chapter shows that corpus pragmatics integrates the qualitative methodology typical of pragmatics with the quantitative methodology predominant in corpus linguistics. To illustrate, we examine the choice between indicative was and subjunctive were in as-if clauses in the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA). The findings suggest that the choice is co-determined by the factuality of the comparison expressed in the as-if clause and the syntactic functions of the as-if clause in the matrix clause. We finally discuss the was/were alternation as a form of negative empathetic deixis.
The interface between pragmatics and internet-mediated communication
Authors: Yus Francisco 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The aim of this chapter is to apply pragmatics to internet-mediated communication. On paper, two broad and apparently incompatible premises constitute the foundation of these distinct applications: (1) internet-mediated communication “makes no difference” for a pragmatic analysis (we do not have specific cognitive mechanisms to interpret online discourses that differ from the ones used offline); and (2) internet “makes all the difference” (the inferential gap-filling made by internet users, intended to turn online texts into valid interpretations, is influenced by the interfaces used for interactions and the range of contextual support that users can access in the interpretation of these online discourses). This chapter will review pragmatic analyses of internet-mediated communication with an emphasis on a cyberpragmatic framework (Yus 2011a).
Pragmatics, humor studies, and the study of interaction
Authors: Bell Nancy D. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
In this chapter, I examine the interface between pragmatics and humor studies, first by outlining the contributions pragmatics has made to our understanding of what humor is and how it functions in everyday interaction. I review research that draws on a range of empirical methods, to illustrate the diverse ways in which the interface has been approached and what these approaches have demonstrated about non-serious talk. I then examine how humor scholarship can inform our understanding of language use, and close by considering ways in which the pragmatics-humor interface might continue to develop. Here, I argue specifically for further integration of humor research into pragmatics.