bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pelaksanaan tugas dan fungsi kepala sekolah pendidikan menengah negeri
Authors: Nai Hendrikus , Wijayanti Wiwik 
Published: December 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan tugas dan fungsi kepala sekolah dalam hal pengarahan, pengambilan keputusan, dan pendelegasian wewenang serta pengembangan sekolah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis fenomenologi.Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara dan studi dokumen. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah model analisis interaktif Milles & Huberman untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis empat aspek pelaksanaan tugas dan fungsi kepala sekolah yang dijalankan pada kedua sekolah tersebut. Penelitian ini menghasilkan empat temuan utama. Pertama,pengarahan dan pemberian motivasi oleh kepala sekolah pada umumnya dilakukan pada saat upacara bendera dan rapat bersama dewan guru. Kedua, pengambilan keputusan oleh kepala sekolah dilakukan melalui rapat dewan guru dan karyawan sekolah. Ketiga, Pendelegasian wewenang kepala sekolah menengah negeri di Tanah Merah Kabupaten Boven Digoel Papua dilakukan secara formal, non formal dan pendelegasian otomatis.. Keempat, program pengembangan sekolah belum dilakukan secara maksimal oleh kepala sekolah.Kata kunci:tugas dan fungsi, kepala sekolah, sekolah menengah negeri THE IMPLEMENTATION OF DUTIES AND FUNCTIONS OF STATE HIGH SCHOOL PRINCIPALSAbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the school principal implementation of duties and functions: directing done by the principal, the decision made by the principal, the delegation of authority made by the principal, and the development of schools. This was a qualitative study using phenomenology approach.. Data collection technique used observation, interview and document study. Analysis of the data used was an interactive model Miles & Huberman to describe and analyze four aspects of leadership that run on two schools. This research results in four major findings. First, guidance and motivation by principals are generally performed at a flag raising ceremony and meeting with the teachers. Second, the decision made by the school’s principal was done through meetings by teachers and school employees. Third, the delegation of authority from school principal in the state high schools in Tanah Merah District Digoel Papua is done formally, non formally and automatically. Fourth, school development has not been done maximally yet by the school’s principal.Keywords: Duties and function, school principal, high school
Pengaruh kultur sekolah, konsep diri, dan status sosial ekonomi orang tua terhadap perilaku konsumtif siswa
Authors: Zahrawati Fawziah , Faraz Nahiyah Jaidi 
Published: December 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kultur sekolah, konsep diri, dan status sosial ekonomi orang tua secara parsial dan secara bersama-sama terhadap perilaku konsumtif siswa SMA Negeri di Kota Yogyakarta. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian ex-post facto. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri di Kota Yogyakarta yang berjumlah 2.706 siswa. Sampel penelitian sebesar 366 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah kuesioner. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif, analisis regresi sederhana, dan analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian ini adalah: (1) kultur sekolah berpengaruh terhadap perilaku konsumtif siswa SMA Negeri di Kota Yogyakarta dengan sumbangan sebesar 23,3%, (2) konsep diri berpengaruh terhadap perilaku konsumtif siswa SMA Negeri di Kota Yogyakarta dengan sumbangan sebesar 22,1%, (3) status sosial ekonomi orang tua berpengaruh terhadap perilaku konsumtif siswa SMA Negeri di Kota Yogyakarta dengan sumbangan sebesar 12,5%, dan (4) kultur sekolah, konsep diri, dan status sosial ekonomi orang tua secara bersama-sama berpengaruh terhadap perilaku konsumtif siswa SMA Negeri di Kota Yogyakarta dengan sumbangan sebesar 36,2%.Kata kunci: kultur sekolah, konsep diri, status sosial ekonomi orang tua, perilaku konsumtif THE EFFECT OF SCHOOL CULTURE, SELF-CONCEPT, AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS OF PARENTS ON CONSUMPTIVE BEHAVIOR STUDENTSAbstractThis study aims to investigate the effect of school culture, self-concept, and socio-economic status of parents partially and simultaneously on consumptive behavior of state senior high school students in the city of Yogyakarta. This was an ex post facto study. The research population was all eleventh grade students in state senior high school in the city of Yogyakarta with total of 2,706 students. The research sample was 366 students. The data were collected through a questionnaire. The data were analyzed by means of the descriptive analysis, simple regression analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The results of the study are: (1) school culture has an effect on consumptive behavior of state senior high school students in the city of Yogyakarta with a contribution of 23.3%, (2) self-concept has an effect on consumptive behavior of state senior high school students in the city of Yogyakarta with a contribution of 22.1%, (3) socio-economic status of parents has an effect on consumptive behavior of state senior high school students in the city of Yogyakarta with a contribution of 12.5%, and (4) school culture, self-concept, and socio-economic status have effects on consumptive behavior of state senior high school students in the city of Yogyakarta with a contribution of 36.2%.Keywords: school culture, self-concept, socio-economic status of parents, consumptive behavior
Readability and Quality of Online Information on Osteoarthritis: An Objective Analysis With Historic Comparison (Preprint)
Authors: Murray Kieran Edward , Murray Timothy Eanna , O'Rourke Anna Caroline , Low Candice , Veale Douglas James 
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common cause of disability in people older than 65 years. Readability of online OA information has never been assessed. A 2003 study found the quality of online OA information to be poor.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to review the readability and quality of current online information regarding OA.

METHODS

The term osteoarthritis was searched across the three most popular English language search engines. The first 25 pages from each search engine were analyzed. Duplicate pages, websites featuring paid advertisements, inaccessible pages (behind a pay wall, not available for geographical reasons), and nontext pages were excluded. Readability was measured using Flesch Reading Ease Score, Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level, and Gunning-Fog Index. Website quality was scored using the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmark criteria and the DISCERN criteria. Presence or absence of the Health On the Net Foundation Code of Conduct (HONcode) certification, age of content, content producer, and author characteristics were noted.

RESULTS

A total of 37 unique websites were found suitable for analysis. Readability varied by assessment tool from 8th to 12th grade level. This compares with the recommended 7th to 8th grade level. Of the 37, 1 (2.7%) website met all 4 JAMA criteria. Mean DISCERN quality of information for OA websites was “fair,” compared with the “poor” grading of a 2003 study. HONcode-endorsed websites (43%, 16/37) were of a statistically significant higher quality.

CONCLUSIONS

Readability of online health information for OA was either equal to or more difficult than the recommended level.
LANNEA BARTERI ENGL. (ANACARDIACEAE) PLANT USED IN THE TREATMENT OF URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS IN IVORY COAST: BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL STUDIES OF THE AQUEOUS EXTRACT
Authors: Brice Bredou Jean , Benson Boua Boua , Fernique Konan Kouadio , Mida Kabran Guy Roger , Christian Kouassi Kouadio , Nathalie Guessennd Kouadio , Akhanovna Mamyrbekova -bekro Janat , Yves-alain Bekro 
Published: December 2018

Objective: This research aims to evaluate the antibacterial activity and determine the chemical composition of the aqueous extract of the bark of Lannea barteri Engl. (DA) used in the traditional treatment of urinary tract infections in the Ivory Coast.Methods: The material is composed of DA, the bacterial strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii, isolated from the urine of patients from different hospitals and subsequently stored. The qualitative analysis was performed using color-based detection tests and thin layer chromatography (TLC) reactions and the quantification of total phenols, flavonoids, flavone aglycones and anthocyanins using the method of Folin Ciocalteu. The method of diffusion on Mueller Hinton (MH) agar medium has been used for sensitivity tests. Results: The phytochemical screening of DA has revealed the presence of polyphenols, terpenes, and derivatives, coumarins, tannins, flavonoids, and alkaloids. Furthermore, the quantification of some polyphenols such as flavonoids, flavone aglycones, and anthocyanins was determined. The total polyphenols found was 0.757±0.003 mg/g MS representing respectively; 0.230±0.01 for flavonoids; 0.028±0.02 for flavone aglycones and 0.016±0.02 mg/g MS for anthocyanins. DA is bactericidal against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii, which are mainly responsible for urinary tract infections.Conclusion: The bark of Lannea barteri Engl. (DA) is rich in flavonoids, flavone aglycones, and anthocyanins which are probably responsible for its antibacterial properties on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. This research thereby supports the use of this plant in the treatment of urinary tract infections.
KONTRIBUSI PEMIKIRAN DR. ABDUL RAHMAN AL-SUMAIT DALAM AKTIVITAS DAKWAH
Authors: Imran Muhammad Ali 
Published: December 2018

Dr. Abdul Rahman al-Sumait merupakan tokoh pendakwah kotemporer abad ini. Kontribusi pemikirannya pada bidang dakwah di pandang vital, khususnya untuk membina kemajuan umat yang bernuansa khairul ummah. Adapun tujuan penulisan ini adalah: Pertama, untuk mengetahui konsep pemikiran Dr. Abdul Rahman al-Sumait dalam aktivitas dakwah. Kedua, untuk mengetahui strategi dan metode pendekatan yang digunakan Dr. Abdul Rahman al-Sumait dalam menjalankan aktivitas dakwah. Ketiga, untuk mengetahui kontribusi pemikiran Dr. Abdul Rahman al-Sumait dalam aktivitas dakwah. Keempat, untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor pendukung dan penghambat yang dihadapi Dr. Abdul Rahman al-Sumait dalam bidang dakwah. Penelitian ini, merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui studi literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa konsep pemikiran Dr. Abdul Rahman al-Sumait dalam aktivitas dakwah merupakan sebuah sistem yang saling berhubungan antara keahlian dalam ilmu kedokteran, kemanusiaan dan ilmu agamanya. Ini yang membedakan Dr. Abdul Rahman al-Sumait dengan pendakwah lain. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan, bahwa Dr. Abdul Rahman al-Sumait merupakan tokoh pendakwah yang fleksibel karena strategi dan metode pendekatan dakwah yang digunakan sesuai dengan posisi dan kondisi dakwah. Kontribusi Dr. Abdul Rahman al-Sumait adalah mengislamkan non-Muslim yang dirintis dengan kelelahan dan pengorbanan dari setiap hambatan ketika menjalankan aktivitas dakwah di Afrika.
Adolescents’ perceived cost of attending physical education
Authors: Østerlie Ove 
Published: December 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of flipped learning (FL) on adolescents’ motivation to participate in physical education (PE) lessons in secondary and upper secondary schools based on adolescents’ perceived costs of attending PE.
Methods: The students (N=338; 45.3% girls) were recruited from six secondary and upper secondary schools from three different counties in Norway during the spring of 2016. The data were collected using open-ended questions.
Results: The data analysis revealed that FL positively affected the adolescents’ motivation to participate in PE, as their perceived costs of attending PE significantly reduced, and their intention to participate in PE significantly increased. All the significant changes within the intervention group were explained by gender. The adolescents who reported perceived costs in attending PE were more likely to be unmotivated to attend PE. The perceived costs of attending PE increased with age, and the intention to participate in turn declined.
Conclusion: Depending on adolescents’ perceived costs of attending PE, FL has a positive effect on their motivation to participate in PE, especially among girls. Thus, FL can be used to enhance adolescents’ motivation to participate in PE in secondary and upper secondary schools.
Transport Infrastructure in Ethiopia
Authors: Barinov A. K. 
Published: December 2018

The development of transport infrastructure is a priority objective for many African countries. This process has significant impact on the efficiency of continental and world trade corridors, and also influence on the costs of economic activity. In this case, the transformation in the transport sector of Ethiopia must be noted. The government of the country has taken a decision to create national railway network and develop aviation and road lines of communication. After The Eritrean War of Independence Eritrean separation was announced and Ethiopia lost its maritime infrastructure and became a landlocked country. This situation provides great difficulties in process of international trade and economic activity for the region. Now the development of transport corridors which connect economic centers with large ports of the region is a priority task for Ethiopian government. In this case Ethiopia is actively attracting foreign investors and world financial organizations to create stable, efficient and economically profitable ways of transport communication with the port infrastructure of neighboring countries. This year, Chinese companies finished to rebuilt the railway line Addis Ababa-Djibouti, in the coming years, governments of Kenya and Ethiopia, will launch new Mombasa-Nairobi-Addis Ababa motorway. This infrastructure projects are essential for enhancing Ethiopian competitiveness and economic activity and provide opportunity to reduce transport costs. Moreover, the Ethiopian authorities are making great progress in developing the internal transport infrastructure, first of all, in terms of increased paved road and development of railway infrastructure, which promotes more efficient use of natural,economic and human resources. Foreign companies are actively involved in realization of this transport projects and it can be a perspective area for cooperation between Russian Federation and Ethiopia. The article provides a detailed overview of Ethiopian transport sector and describes the key infrastructureprojects which can be interesting for Russian companies.
International Economic Strategy of Small African Countries in a Globalizing World
Authors: Volodina M. A. 
Published: December 2018

The author has developed new criteria for the inclusion of African countries in the group of small countries. It is noted that the criteria for assignment to small countries in the developed world cannot fully meet the criteria applicable to the African continent. On the basis of a comparison of the population of Africa with some countries of Europe, small states of the African continent are singled out. Emphasize the fact that a single criterion for attributing to small countries has not yet been developed. In the author’s opinion, it is incorrect to evaluate African countries using only economic indicators, since economic growth rates do not always coincide with demographic indicators, sociocultural transformations, and ethnic and tribal characteristics in Africa. The main types of foreign economic strategies of small African countries are identified and considered. It is shown that the states of the African continent often use several strategies for the development of their countries. The small countries of the African continent are actively involved in integration processes that fit into the overall concept of African modernization and development. An important role in the processesof modernization in Africa is played by international financial, educational, innovative and technical programs. Often, it is precisely small countries that become a kind of transport hub at the regional level, which contributes to the strengthening of foreign economic relations between the countries of the regions of the African continent, attracts considerable financial, resource, and innovative capital to African countries. The historical and ethno-tribal characteristics of some African states, especially the long and bloody wars, hinder the progressive development of these countries. A vivid example of such tragic events is Rwanda (attributed to the small states by the author of the article), where incessant civil wars have undermined the economic and political stability in the region. In such cases, substantial international assistance will be required with the involvement of Rwanda’s neighboring countries for the implementation of possible major regional programs and investment projects. Since innovative infrastructure projects in African countries are possible only with the involvement of all countries of the region, in this regard, Russia will need new management approaches and interesting projects for the integrated development of the African continent to actively participate in ambitious African projects.
Factors of Economic Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa: Current Trends
Authors: Podbiralina G. V. , Asiagba J. C. 
Published: December 2018

Despite the fact that the African continent is positioned as one of the fastest growing economies in the world (especially the sub-region of sub-Saharan Africa), the lack of industrialization and the use of modern technologies continues to be a brake on the development of the economies of African countries, which largely depend on agriculture and exports of raw goods that have a relatively low added value and account for more than 80% of their exports. This has a negative impact not only on the economic development of the region, but also on per capita incomes of the population. This article assesses the existing economic potential of African countries, which is one of the most important factors for overcoming economic backwardness, achieving the goals of sustainable development, raising the standard of living of the population and changing the status of SSA countries in the world economic system. It is shown that it is important for African states to attract new technologies and innovative products to the industrial and agricultural sectors, since knowledge and innovations are the locomotive of economic growth and are one of the most important factors in the reconstruction and modernization of their economies.
Africa in the Modern Model of the World Order: a Powerful Player or an Outsider?
Authors: Abramova I. O. 
Published: December 2018

The article analyses the transfiguration of Africa’s position in the emerging new model of world economic development. The author emphasizes that until recently Africa was assigned the role of an “outsider” of the world economy. The transition of developed countries to a postindustrial and innovative development model has further exacerbated the lagging behind of the countries of the region from the advanced directions of the economy. Other negative factors that affected the development of African economies in the second decade of the 21st century include the high dependence of the African economy on commodity exports, the slowdown in China’s growth, the socio-economic consequences of the so-called “Arab spring”, primarily the destruction of Libya, and the continuation of old and the emergence of new conflicts in a number of African states. Despite numerous and often successful attempts by external forces to keep Africa as an object within the world economy and politics, the continent is increasingly becoming an active “subject” in international relations, and its development in the coming decades may, in our view, change its position in a new model of world development. Beginning in the 2030s, Africa, according to the forecasts, including those made at the Institute of African Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, will turn into the most important and almost unique global strategic reserve of sources of raw materials within the framework of the “Coming (New) Production Revolution” – NPR, Next (in other documents New) Production Revolution. The African continent today occupies the leading positions in the world precisely for those commodities that have no analogues and are vital for the development of defense and innovative technologies of the 21st century. Other important factors in the accelerated development of Africa are the quantitative and qualitative growth of the continent’s labor potential, the expansion of consumption in the African domestic markets, the economic diversification in a number countries of the continent by means of increasing the share of services and industry in GDP, and a significant improvement in the business climate as a result of improved investment legislation and the gradual stabilization of domestic political of the situation. Besides the increase in financial revenues in various forms, regional integration, (including a continental free trade zone), will be a key to accelerating economic growth in the African continent, whichwill allow for joint and more effective use of the potentials of individual African states. Modern Africa is a dynamically growing market of labor force, consumer goods, investment, modern technologies, high technology machinery products. The author anticipates in the foreseeable future the realization of a scenario of gradual evolvement of a joined pan-African pole of global significance.
Algeria: a Regional Leader or a Potentially Unstable State?
Authors: Vasiliev A. M. , Zherlitsina N. A. 
Published: December 2018

The article analyzes the opportunities and threats facing the People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria at the moment. Algeria has the potential to become a regional leader in one of the most strategically important regions of the world in a number of parameters. These are natural and human resources, stable economic and diplomatic ties with the Arab world, Europe and America. Both the major powers and the neighbours in the region have placed their hopes in Algeria as a key partner in the efforts to ensure security and combat terrorism. The Algerian authorities seek to present their country as a strong regional leader, free from the internal divisions and extremism that have plagued other Arab States. However, in reality the situation is more complicated, Algeria is a potentially unstable state. At the moment, Algeria is in a difficult situation, given both the internal situation and the danger posed from the outside. The main reason for the political and economic uncertainty in the country is the expectations and fears associated with the upcoming change of power, the presidential elections are scheduled for spring 2019. Algeria’s socio-economic sphere was another vulnerable place that could, in case of unfavourable developments, create instability. The Berber issue, which threatens the unity of the country, is one of the long-standing major problems of the Algeria. The confrontation between Algeria and Morocco on the Western Sahara issue has led to keep on the zone of instability in the region and has contributed to the terrorist threats. Over the past decade, Algeria has had to pay increasing attention and resources to regional security issues. In this area, Algeria has demonstrated its commitment to peaceful diplomacy, non-interference in the internal affairs of other states and rejection of any external role of its armed forces. This position has brought the Republic international recognition as a regional leader and a reliable partner in the fight against terrorism.