bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kick Scooter Injuries in Children and Adolescents: Minor Fractures and Bruise
Authors: Unkuri J. H. , Salminen P. , Kallio P. , Kosola S. 
Published: April 2018

Background: Kick scooters are popular among children in both transportation and recreational activities. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the incidence of and injury patterns associated with kick scooter accidents in school-aged children and adolescents. Methods: All 171 patients at the age of 7–15 years who were treated for kick scooter–related injuries in the metropolitan Helsinki area, Southern Finland from January 2008 to December 2013 were included. Electronic medical records were reviewed and Pediatric Trauma Scores and Injury Severity Scores were utilized to assess the injuries. Results: The annual number of patients increased from 7 in 2008 to 55 in 2013. Almost all patients (94%, n = 161) were injured after a fall from their own height. Most patients (n = 118; 69%) were diagnosed with a fracture but only 26 patients (15%) required surgical procedures under general anesthesia. Pediatric Trauma Scores were low and only one patient had an Injury Severity Score > 15 which can be considered major trauma. Conclusion: Most injuries acquired from kick scooter injuries were easily treatable fractures and bruises. Considering the background population of 105,000 in the respective age group and the 6-year period of data collection from tertiary care, scooting seems a safe means of increasing the physical activity levels of school-aged children and adolescents.
Classifying Judicial Selection Institutions
Authors: Goelzhauser Greg 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe judicial selection classification problem is widely recognized but poorly understood. In this note, I identify the classification problem's three interrelated sources: ambiguous theoretical arguments, varying decision rules for categorizing merit selection states, and not accounting for interim selections in mixed systems. To demonstrate threats to inference posed by the classification problem, I replicate a study on opinion writing productivity in state supreme courts. I also offer straightforward suggestions for resolving the classification problem. Eliminating the classification problem will help ensure that inferences are comparable across studies with respect to the consequences of institutional design choices concerning state judicial selection mechanisms.
Isolated hydatid cyst of thyroid: An unusual case
Authors: Aydin Sonay , Tek Cihat , Dilek Gokharman Fatma , Fatihoglu Erdem , Nercis Kosar Pinar 
Published: April 2018

Introduction Hydatid cystic disease is a parasitic infestation that is mostly caused by Echinococcus granulosus, which is common in sheep-rearing areas of the Mediterranean, Middle East, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, and South America. Canines are the definitive hosts, and herbivores (e.g. sheep, horses, deer) or humans are intermediate hosts. Ingested eggs from animal feces hatch in the gut and release oncospheres (immature forms of the parasite enclosed in an embryonic envelope). Case report A very rare case of isolated, thyroidal, hydatic cyst is presented. Conclusion Non-vascular cysts may be seen on ultrasonographic examination that are not specific for hydatid disease. Clinical and laboratory findings are therefore important. Definitive diagnosis is based on histopathological findings. Treatment is surgical and antiparasitic drugs are required after surgery.
Relationship Between Quantitative MRI Biomarkers and Patient-Reported Outcome Measures After Cartilage Repair Surgery: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lansdown Drew A. , Wang Kevin , Cotter Eric , Davey Annabelle , Cole Brian J. 
Published: April 2018

Background: Treatment of articular cartilage injuries remains a clinical challenge, and the optimal tools to monitor and predict clinical outcomes are unclear. Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (qMRI) allows for a noninvasive biochemical evaluation of cartilage and may offer advantages in monitoring outcomes after cartilage repair surgery. Hypothesis: qMRI sequences will correlate with early pain and functional measures. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A PubMed search was performed with the following search terms: knee AND (cartilage repair OR cartilage restoration OR cartilage surgery) AND (delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI OR t1-rho OR T2 mapping OR dgemric OR sodium imaging OR quantitative imaging). Studies were included if correlation data were included on quantitative imaging results and patient outcome scores. Results: Fourteen articles were included in the analysis. Eight studies showed a significant relationship between quantitative cartilage imaging and patient outcome scores, while 6 showed no relationship. T2 mapping was examined in 11 studies, delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI of cartilage (dGEMRIC) in 4 studies, sodium imaging in 2 studies, glycosaminoglycan chemical exchange saturation transfer (gagCEST) in 1 study, and diffusion-weighted imaging in 1 study. Five studies on T2 mapping showed a correlation between T2 relaxation times and clinical outcome scores. Two dGEMRIC studies found a correlation between T1 relaxation times and clinical outcome scores. Conclusion: Multiple studies on T2 mapping, dGEMRIC, and diffusion-weighted imaging showed significant correlations with patient-reported outcome measures after cartilage repair surgery, although other studies showed no significant relationship. qMRI sequences may offer a noninvasive method to monitor cartilage repair tissue in a clinically meaningful way, but further refinements in imaging protocols and clinical interpretation are necessary to improve utility.
Ovulatory Induction of SCG2 in Human, Nonhuman Primate, and Rodent Granulosa Cells Stimulates Ovarian Angiogenesis
Authors: Hannon Patrick R , Duffy Diane M , Rosewell Katherine L , Brännström Mats , Akin James W , Curry Thomas E 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe luteinizing hormone (LH) surge is essential for ovulation, but the intrafollicular factors induced by LH that mediate ovulatory processes (e.g., angiogenesis) are poorly understood, especially in women. The role of secretogranin II (SCG2) and its cleaved bioactive peptide, secretoneurin (SN), were investigated as potential mediators of ovulation by testing the hypothesis that SCG2/SN is induced in granulosa cells by human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), via a downstream LH receptor signaling mechanism, and stimulates ovarian angiogenesis. Humans, nonhuman primates, and rodents were treated with hCG in vivo resulting in a significant increase in the messenger RNA and protein levels of SCG2 in granulosa cells collected early during the periovulatory period and just prior to ovulation (humans: 12 to 34 hours; monkeys: 12 to 36 hours; rodents: 4 to 12 hours post-hCG). This induction by hCG was recapitulated in an in vitro culture system utilizing granulosa-lutein cells from in vitro fertilization patients. Using this system, inhibition of downstream LH receptor signaling pathways revealed that the initial induction of SCG2 is regulated, in part, by epidermal growth factor receptor signaling. Further, human ovarian microvascular endothelial cells were treated with SN (1 to 100 ng/mL) and subjected to angiogenesis assays. SN significantly increased endothelial cell migration and new sprout formation, suggesting induction of ovarian angiogenesis. These results establish that SCG2 is increased in granulosa cells across species during the periovulatory period and that SN may mediate ovulatory angiogenesis in the human ovary. These findings provide insight into the regulation of human ovulation and fertility.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Is Associated With Adverse Mental Health and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes
Authors: Berni Thomas R , Morgan Christopher L , Berni Ellen R , Rees D Aled 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Context
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by hyperandrogenism and subfertility, but the effects on mental health and child neurodevelopment are unclear.

Objectives
To determine if (1) there is an association between PCOS and psychiatric outcomes and (2) whether rates of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are higher in children of mothers with PCOS.

Design
Data were extracted from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink. Patients with PCOS were matched to two control sets (1:1) by age, body mass index, and primary care practice. Control set 2 was additionally matched on prior mental health status. Primary outcomes were the incidence of depression, anxiety, and bipolar disorder. Secondary outcomes were the prevalence of ADHD or ASD in the children.

Results
Eligible patients (16,986) were identified; 16,938 and 16,355 were matched to control sets 1 and 2, respectively. Compared with control set 1, baseline prevalence was 23.1% vs 19.3% for depression, 11.5% vs 9.3% for anxiety, and 3.2% vs 1.5% for bipolar disorder (P &lt; 0.001). The hazard ratio for time to each endpoint was 1.26 (95% confidence interval 1.19 to 1.32), 1.20 (1.11 to 1.29), and 1.21 (1.03 to 1.42) for set 1 and 1.38 (1.30 to 1.45), 1.39 (1.29 to 1.51), and 1.44 (1.21 to 1.71) for set 2. The odds ratios for ASD and ADHD in children were 1.54 (1.12 to 2.11) and 1.64 (1.16 to 2.33) for set 1 and 1.76 (1.27 to 2.46) and 1.34 (0.96 to 1.89) for set 2.

Conclusions
PCOS is associated with psychiatric morbidity and increased risk of ADHD and ASD in their children. Screening for mental health disorders should be considered during assessment.
Temporal Changes in Cardiovascular Remodeling Associated with Football Participation
Authors: KIM JONATHAN H. , HOLLOWED CASEY , PATEL KEYUR , HOSNY KAREEM , AIDA HIROSHI , GOWANI ZAINA , SHER SALMAN , SHOOP JAMES L. , GALANTE ANGELO , CLARK CRAIG , MARSHALL THOMAS , PATTERSON GENE , SCHMITT GARY , KO YI-AN , QUYYUMI ARSHED A. , BAGGISH AARON L. 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT

Purpose
American-style football (ASF) participation rates in the United States are highest among high school (HS) athletes. This study sought to compare the cardiovascular response to HS versus collegiate ASF participation.

Methods
The ASF participants (HS, n = 61; collegiate, n = 87) were studied at preseason and postseason time points with echocardiography and applanation tonometry. Primary outcome variables included: left ventricular (LV) mass index, LV diastolic function (early relaxation velocity [E′]), and arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity [PWV]).

Results
High school (17.1 ± 0.4 yr) and collegiate ASF participants (18 ± 0.4 yr) experienced similar LV hypertrophy (ΔLV mass HS = 10.5 ± 10 vs collegiate = 11.2 ± 13.6 g·m−2, P = 0.97). Among HS participants, increases in LV mass were associated with stable diastolic tissue velocities (ΔE′ = −0.3 ± 2.9 cm·s−1, P = 0.40) and vascular function (ΔPWV = −0.1 ± 0.6 m·s−1, P = 0.13). In contrast, collegiate participants demonstrated a higher burden of concentric LV hypertrophy (21/87, 24% vs 7/61, 11%, P = 0.026) with concomitant reductions in diastolic tissue velocities (ΔE′: −2.0 ± 2.7 cm·s−1, P < 0.001) and increased arterial stiffness (ΔPWV: Δ0.2 ± 0.6 m·s−1, P = 0.003), changes that were influenced by linemen who had the highest post-season weight (124 ± 10 kg) and systolic blood pressure ([SBP], 138.8 ± 11 mm Hg). In multivariable analyses adjusting for age and ethnicity, body mass was an independent predictor of post-season PWV (β estimate = 0.01, P = 0.04) and E′ (β estimate = −0.04, P = 0.05), whereas SBP was an independent predictor of postseason LV mass index (β estimate = 0.18, P = 0.01) and PWV (β estimate = 0.01, P = 0.007).

Conclusions
The transition from HS to college represents an important physiologic temporal data point after which differential ASF cardiovascular phenotypes manifest. Future work aimed to clarify underlying mechanisms, and the long-term clinical implications of these findings is warranted.
Fragger: a protein fragment picker for structural queries
Authors: Berenger Francois , Simoncini David , Voet Arnout , Shrestha Rojan , Zhang Kam Y.J. 
Published: April 2018

Protein modeling and design activities often require querying the Protein Data Bank (PDB) with a structural fragment, possibly containing gaps. For some applications, it is preferable to work on a specific subset of the PDB or with unpublished structures. These requirements, along with specific user needs, motivated the creation of a new software to manage and query 3D protein fragments. Fragger is a protein fragment picker that allows protein fragment databases to be created and queried. All fragment lengths are supported and any set of PDB files can be used to create a database. Fragger can efficiently search a fragment database with a query fragment and a distance threshold. Matching fragments are ranked by distance to the query. The query fragment can have structural gaps and the allowed amino acid sequences matching a query can be constrained via a regular expression of one-letter amino acid codes. Fragger also incorporates a tool to compute the backbone RMSD of one versus many fragments in high throughput. Fragger should be useful for protein design, loop grafting and related structural bioinformatics tasks.
A Simple Snap Oscillator with Coexisting Attractors, Its Time-Delayed Form, Physical Realization, and Communication Designs
Authors: Rajagopal Karthikeyan , Jafari Sajad , Akgul Akif , Karthikeyan Anitha , Çiçek Serdar , Shekofteh Yasser 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
In this paper, we report a novel chaotic snap oscillator with one nonlinear function. Dynamic analysis of the system shows the existence of bistability. To study the time delay effects on the proposed snap oscillator, we introduce multiple time delay in the fourth state equation. Investigation of dynamical properties of the time-delayed system shows that the snap oscillator exhibits the same multistable properties as the nondelayed system. The new multistable hyperjerk chaotic system has been tested in chaos shift keying and symmetric choc shift keying modulated communication designs for engineering applications. It has been determined that the symmetric chaos shift keying modulated communication system implemented with the new chaotic system is more successful than the chaos shift keying modulation for secure communication. Also, circuit implementation of the chaotic snap oscillator with tangent function is carried out showing its feasibility.
A korai/praefibroticus primer myelofibrosis kivizsgálása és kezelése egy eset kapcsán
Authors: Magyari Ferenc , Bedekovics Judit , Décsy Judit , Ilonczai Péter , Illés Árpád , Simon Zsófia 
Published: April 2018

Abstract: Moderate thrombocytosis can accompany several diseases (bleeding, inflammation, iron deficiency, or autoimmune diseases), but hematologic examination is strongly recommended in a patient with persistent platelet count above 450 G/L unless reactive origin can be confirmed. The 47-year-old woman’s medical history included hypertonia, asthma bronchiale, and endometriosis. In March 2015, she underwent laboratory examination due to weight loss and lack of appetite. Her results showed elevated thrombocyte count (617 G/L), but no iron deficiency. She presented in our clinic on 07. 04. 2015 with acute pain below her left hypochondrial region, but simple imaging examinations showed no difference to explain it. Abdominal CT revealed a 4.5 cm thrombus which protruded into the left renal artery, blocking it. We started APTI- (activated partial thromboplastin time) monitored continuous intravenous treatment with unfractionated heparin. The JAK2V617F mutation analysis came back positive. Subsequent bone marrow examination revealed prefibrotic/early stage myelofibrosis, prompting treatment with hydroxyurea. The applied treatments led to the disappearance of the patient’s symptoms accompanied by the gradual normalisation of the thrombocyte count. Moderate thrombocytosis is often secondary, but if it persists and is accompanied by mainly thromboembolic events, the risk of diseases of the haematopoietic system, primarily Philadelphia chromosome negative chronic myeloproliferative disease should also be considered. Clinically, essential thrombocythaemia and the prefibrotic/early stage of myelofibrosis can be very similar. Differential diagnosis is only possible through the histological examination of the bone marrow, which becomes indispensible due to the difference in prognosis and treatment options. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(15): 603–609.
Intervenciók az orvosi gyakorlatban a serdülőkori dohányzás visszaszorítására
Authors: Pócs Dávid , Barabás Katalin , Kelemen Oguz 
Published: April 2018

Abstract: Interventions to facilitate prevention of tobacco use and smoking cessation are the most cost-effective health care measures. They are invaluable among adolescents, since adult smokers start smoking in adolescence. There is evidence that early smoking initiation makes cessation difficult and it is associated with lifelong health risks. Our study aims at reviewing current approaches and interventions that can help health care professionals involved in paediatric care to reduce tobacco use in adolescence. International guidelines include short, practical interventions that are easy to apply by health care professionals in the primary and paediatric care. In tobacco use prevention, the role of health care professionals is of special importance. They have social respect, therefore they can provide credible information on tobacco use and cessation. Studies have found that short, goal-oriented counselling can further reduce the prevalence of smoking among adolescents presenting to their health care professional. Reduction of tobacco use is one of the primary health care goals in the 21st century, which should be started as early as childhood and adolescence. There have been several evidence-based approaches, which are essential for health care professionals involved in adolescent care. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(15): 593–602.
COĞRAFİ İŞARET OLARAK DİYARBAKIR BAZALT TAŞI VE TESCİLİ
Authors: Ekinci Dağtekin Emine 
Published: April 2018

Güneydoğu
Anadolu Bölgesi’nde yer alan Diyarbakır kenti, Hurriler’den bugüne pek çok
medeniyete ev sahipliği yapmıştır. Surlarla kuşatılan kentin mimarlık ve yapı
sanatının önemli bir parçası olan bazalt taşı kentin tümüne hakimdir. Kentin
surları, burçları, dar ve uzun sokakları, cami, hamam, kilise ve han gibi
anıtsal yapıları, avlulu ve eyvanlı evlerinden oluşan geleneksel dokusu bazalt
taşından yapılmıştır. Kent ile özdeşleşen bazaltın yöresel malzeme olarak
coğrafi işaret alması ve tescili için 2017 yılında Diyarbakır Ticaret ve Sanayi Odası, Kalkınma
Ajansı ve Dicle Üniversitesi’nin dahil olduğu “Yöresel Ürünler Coğrafi İşaret
ve Tescil Alma Projesi[1]”
kapsamında başvuru süreci başlatılmıştır. Bazalt taşı Türkiye’de pek çok yerde
kullanılan bir taş olmasına rağmen Diyarbakır’da kentin bir bazalt plato
üzerinde yer alması, kentte var olan tüm medeniyetlerin mimari mirasının bu
platonun bazaltından yapılmış olması malzemeye özgünlük ve farklılık
kazandırmaktadır. Bu bağlamda Diyarbakır’da geleneksel kent dokusunun tamamında
kullanılan, kentin merkezinde üretilen “Diyarbakır Bazaltı’nın” yerel bir
malzeme olarak coğrafi işaretle tescillenmesi /patentinin alınması, kentte mal
olan bir ürünün üretim ve kullanım zinciri içinde korunmasını ve
sürdürülebilirliğini sağlayacaktır.

Bu
çalışma, coğrafi işaret başvuru süreci başlatılan bazalt taşının, Türkiye
Patent Enstitüsüne sunulan ve yazar tarafından yazılan “Kentsel Yerleşimde
Bazalt Taşının Yeri” adlı alt başlığı kapsayacak şekilde, yazılı ve görsel
belgelerin eklenmesi ile geliştirilerek hazırlanmıştır. Çalışma süreci
içerisinde geçmişte kenti ziyaret eden araştırmacıların yazılı ve görsel
kaynaklarından, Yüksek Öğrenim Kurumu bünyesinde yer alan lisansüstü tezlerden
ve bilimsel makalelerden yararlanılmıştır.

[1] Bu makale
yazarın içinde yer aldığı Diyarbakır Ticaret ve Sanayi Odası, Karacadağ
Kalkınma Ajansı ve Dicle Üniversitesi işbirliğinde, “Yöresel Ürünler Coğrafi
İşaret Teknik Destek Projesi” kapsamında, “Diyarbakır Bazalt Taşının
Tescillenmesi” amacı ile yapılan çalışmanın “Kentsel Yerleşimde Bazalt Taşının
Yeri” alt başlığı geliştirilerek hazırlanmıştır. “Diyarbakır Bazaltı” Türk
Patent Enstitüsü tarafından C2017/239 sayılı başvuru numarası ile “Başvuru
Aşamasındaki Coğrafi İşaret” listesine alınmıştır.
A study of complications and outcome of hypospadias repair at a tertiary care hospital of south Gujarat, India
Authors: Nema Archana A. , Varia Dilip J. 
Published: April 2018

Background: In clinical practice, many factors influence the choice of surgical technique for hypospadias repair. With this background, we evaluated various methods of surgical repairs of hypospadias with their complications and outcomes. Methods: This prospective study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital of South Gujarat, India including 32 patients of hypospadias. All patents were followed after an interval of one week, one month, three months and six months after discharge and complications were recorded.Results: Out of 32, 20 (62%) of patients were having distal hypospadias while 11 (35%) had proximal hypospadias. Eleven patients were operated with TPIF repair and Snodgrass repair each while 4 patients were operated with stage 1 and stage 2 repair each. In TPIF group, 7(60%) patients developed superficial skin necrosis which in Snodgrass group, 5 (45%) patients developed wound infection & oedema. Delayed complications were seen in only 2 cases of surgical repair. Out of 32, 31(96%) patients had satisfactory shape of penis while 1 (4%) patient had sub-optimal cosmetic result.Conclusions: Most common type of hypospadias was distal type in our study. Approximately one third patients were had their hypospadias repaired by TPIF Repair and same percent by Snodgrass Repair. Skin necrosis and wound infection were the most common early complication of the hypospadias repair. Urethral fistula remains the most worrying complication of surgery. TPIF Repair is one of the method which reduces rate of complications.