bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
(C6H13NH3)2(NH2CHNH2)Pb2I7: A Two‐dimensional Bilayer Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Perovskite Showing Photodetecting Behavior
Authors: Wang Yuyin , Liu Xitao , Li Lina , Ji Chengmin , Sun Zhihua , Han Shiguo , Tao Kewen , Luo Junhua 
Published: March 2019

AbstractInorganic–organic hybrid perovskites, especially two‐dimensional (2D) layered halide perovskites, have attracted significant attention due to their unique structures and attractive optoelectronic properties, which open up a great opportunity for next‐generation photosensitive devices. Herein, we report a new 2D bilayered inorganic–organic hybrid perovskite, (C6H13NH3)2(NH2CHNH2)Pb2I7 (HFA, where C6H13NH3+ is hexylaminium and NH2CHNH2+ is formamidinium), which exhibits a remarkable photoresponse under broadband light illumination. Structural characterizations demonstrate that the 2D perovskite structure of HFA is constructed by alternant stacking of inorganic lead iodide bilayered sheets and organic hexylaminium layers. Optical absorbance measurements combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations suggest that HFA is a direct band gap semiconductor with a narrow band gap (Eg) of ≈2.02 eV. Based on these findings, photodetectors based on HFA crystal wafer are fabricated, which exhibit fascinating optoelectronic properties including large on/off current ratios (over 103), fast response speeds (τrise=310 μs and τdecay=520 μs) and high responsivity (≈0.95 mA W−1). This work will contribute to the design and development of new two‐dimensional bilayer inorganic–organic hybrid perovskites for high‐performance photosensitive devices.
Querkrafttragfähigkeit von Stahlbetonplatten ohne Querkraftbewehrung unter konzentrierten Einzellasten
Authors: Henze Lukas , Harter Maike , Rombach Günter Axel 
Published: March 2019

AbstractDie Querkrafttragfähigkeit von Stahlbetonplatten ohne Schubbewehrung ist trotz der intensiven nationalen und internationalen Forschungsaktivität bislang nicht zufriedenstellend geklärt. Probleme bereiten insbesondere ältere Fahrbahnplatten von Betonbrücken, welche oftmals rechnerische Tragdefizite in Querrichtung aufweisen. Eine Ertüchtigung ist kaum möglich. In diesem Beitrag wird auf der Grundlage von Versuchen und statistischen Untersuchungen ein praxisnahes Bemessungsmodell vorgestellt, welches ca. 50 % größere Tragfähigkeiten liefert als die Modelle der derzeitigen Regelungen.
Unconstrained peptoid tetramer exhibits a predominant conformation in aqueous solution
Authors: Roe Leah T. , Pelton Jeffrey G. , Edison John R. , Butterfoss Glenn L. , Tresca Blakely W. , LaFaye Bridgette A. , Whitelam Stephen , Wemmer David E. , Zuckermann Ronald N. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractConformational control in peptoids, N‐substituted glycines, is crucial for the design and synthesis of biologically‐active compounds and atomically‐defined nanomaterials. While there are a growing number of structural studies in solution, most have been performed with conformationally‐constrained short sequences (e.g., sterically‐hindered sidechains or macrocyclization). Thus, the inherent degree of heterogeneity of unconstrained peptoids in solution remains largely unstudied. Here, we explored the folding landscape of a series of simple peptoid tetramers in aqueous solution by NMR spectroscopy. By incorporating specific 13C‐probes into the backbone using bromoacetic acid‐2‐13C as a submonomer, we developed a new technique for sequential backbone assignment of peptoids based on the 1,n‐Adequate pulse sequence. Unexpectedly, two of the tetramers, containing an N‐(2‐aminoethyl)glycine residue (Nae), had preferred conformations. NMR and molecular dynamics studies on one of the tetramers showed that the preferred conformer (52%) had a trans‐cis‐trans configuration about the three amide bonds. Moreover, >80% of the ensemble contained a cis amide bond at the central amide. The backbone dihedral angles observed fall directly within the expected minima in the peptoid Ramachandran plot. Analysis of this compound against similar peptoid analogs suggests that the commonly used Nae monomer plays a key role in the stabilization of peptoid structure via a side‐chain‐to‐main‐chain interaction. This discovery may offer a simple, synthetically high‐yielding approach to control peptoid structure, and suggests that peptoids have strong intrinsic conformational preferences in solution. These findings should facilitate the predictive design of folded peptoid structures, and accelerate application in areas ranging from drug discovery to biomimetic nanoscience.
Stability of mycophenolate mofetil in polypropylene 5% dextrose infusion bags and chemical compatibility associated with the use of the Equashield® closed‐system transfer device
Authors: Ezquer‐Garin Carlos , Ferriols‐Lisart Rafael , Alós‐Almiñana Manuel 
Published: March 2019

AbstractStability studies are necessary in healthcare settings as they facilitate fast, cost‐effective and efficient work related to batch manufacturing and availability of supplies. We studied the stability of 1–10 mg/mL mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in polypropylene 5% dextrose infusion bags prepared from Cellcept® and with a generic brand name (Micofenolato de Mofetilo Accord) at different storage temperatures. To ensure chemical compatibility during preparation, we also tested MMF sorption to the Equashield® closed‐system drug transfer device used in this step. For this, a validated stability‐indicating high‐performance liquid chromatography method was developed for the quantification and identification of MMF in the infusion bags. The analytical selectivity of the assay was determined by subjecting an MMF sample to extreme values of pH, oxidative stress and heat conditions to force degradation. Protected from light, 1–10 mg/mL MMF in infusion polypropylene bags prepared from reconstituted Cellcept® 500 mg or Accord 500 mg in 5% dextrose was stable for at least 35 days when stored at 2–8°C or between −15 and −25°C, and for 14 days when stored at 25°C. MMF loss owing to chemical sorption to the Equashield® closed‐system drug transfer device set was negligible.
Novel shunt modification with an adjustable stent‐embedded “fenestrated” septal occluder in a patient with pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Yadlapati Ajay , Wax David , Rich Stuart , Ricciardi Mark J. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA 60‐year‐old woman with progressive dyspnea and cyanosis, O2‐dependent pulmonary hypertension despite optimal medical therapy and remote atrial septostomy presented with worsening cyanosis and right‐to‐left shunting. The creation of a “fenestrated” ASD closure device with the insertion of a peripheral stent through an AMPLATZER™ ASD closure device was deployed to minimize right to left shunting and allow for enlargement of the shunt if needed. This case demonstrates the benefit of diminishing a right to left shunt with a self‐fabricated fenestrated AMPLATZER device to improve symptoms in pulmonary hypertension patients with a pre‐existing ASD.
Solvent retention capacity application to assess soft wheat flour quality for making white‐salted noodles
Authors: Jeon Soojeong , Baik Byung‐Kee , Kweon Meera 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackground and objectivesGluten development of wheat flour under a limited amount of water is essential for dough sheeting and cutting in preparation of noodle, and for cooking and textural properties of noodles. Soft wheat flour of relatively high gluten strength, low damaged starch content, and low water absorption could be suitable for the requirement. The study was aimed at exploring the potential uses of solvent retention capacity (SRC) test for evaluation of soft wheat flour quality for making white‐salted noodles.FindingsTen soft wheat varieties exhibited large differences in SRC values. Lactic acid SRC and gluten performance index (GPI) showed significant correlations with weight gain and firmness of the cooked noodles. Among the flour characteristics, GPI appeared to be the best predictor of cooked noodle firmness, with the highest correlation coefficient (r = 0.96, p < 0.010).ConclusionsFlour SDS sedimentation volume, lactic acid SRC, and GPI were significantly correlated with weight gain and texture of cooked noodle. Soft wheat flours with GPI >0.60 were found to be suitable for making white‐salted noodles.Significance and noveltySolvent retention capacity analysis could be successfully applied for selecting soft wheat cultivars suitable for white‐salted noodles. For this sample set, among the flour quality parameters, GPI was the most reliable predictor for firmness of cooked noodles and could be effectively used for identification of noodle wheat varieties and grains by wheat breeding programs and noodle manufacturers.
Prolonged sinus arrest on electrocardiogram recording during apheresis donation in young female donor with convulsive syncope
Authors: Nakai Kenji , Itoh Manabu , Fusazaki Tetsuya , Morino Yoshihiro 
Published: March 2019

Key Clinical MessageAn 18‐year‐old young female with a convulsive syncope during apheresis donation demonstrated a prolonged sudden sinus arrest continued for approximately 30‐second on monitor ECG. This prolonged sinus arrest may relate accidental serious complications in ordinal apheresis donation. Continuous electrocardiogram monitor and correspondence are indispensable.
Spontaneous chorioamniotic membrane separation discovered by preterm prelabor rupture of membranes
Authors: Govaerts Jolien , Cryns Patricia , Jacquemyn Yves 
Published: March 2019

Key Clinical MessageChorioamniotic membrane separation (CMS) is a rare finding in ultrasound examination during pregnancy. It is mostly seen as a complication after invasive prenatal procedures but also can present spontaneously. Extensive CMS is found to be associated with adverse perinatal fetal outcomes.
Synthesis of a Cu2O/Carbon Film/NiCoB‐Grpahene Oxide Heterostructure as Photocathode for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting
Authors: Yu Chunlin , Zhang Xingwang 
Published: March 2019

AbstractInvited for this month's cover picture are Chunlin Yu and Xingwang Zhang from Zhejiang University (China). The cover picture shows a creative Cu2O/carbon film/NiCoB–graphene oxide heterostructure photocathode for enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/celc.201801701.
[Ge2S5(S2)]4−, A NLO‐Active Unit Leading to an Asymmetric Structure Discovered in Li2Cs4Ge2S5(S2)Cl2: An Experimental and Theoretical study
Authors: Li Guangmao , Wu Kui , Huang Yi , Yang Zhihua , Pan Shilie 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMetal‐centered MS4 tetrahedra are fundamentally important building blocks for the structural construction of infrared (IR) nonlinear optical (NLO) mateirals, because they have a large effect on properties like second‐harmonic generation, birefringence, band gap, etc. Therefore, rational design and selection of these tetrahedra could effectively help synthesize new materials and give satisfactory properties. In this work, we reported a new NLO‐active [Ge2S5(S2)]4− unit composed of two corner‐shared GeS4 tetrahedra with a nonpolar covalent S−S bond, discovered in a new compound of Li2Cs4Ge2S5(S2)Cl2. To the best of our knowledge, this [Ge2S5(S2)]4− unit has never been discovered. [Ge2S5(S2)]4− units have intrinsic asymmetric features and lead to the whole structure being noncentrosymmetric (NCS). Further, real‐space atom‐cutting methods reveal that they make almost all the contribution to the second‐harmonic generation response (SHG) for Li2Cs4Ge2S5(S2)Cl2. All of the above indicate that the [Ge2S5(S2)]4− unit is a new functional unit and a good choice for designing new IR NLO materials.
Optimization schemes for endovascular repair with parallel technique based on hemodynamic analyses
Authors: Xu Huanming , Mei Yuqian , Han Xiaofeng , Wei Jianyong , Watton Paul N. , Jia Wan , Li Anqiang , Chen Duanduan , Xiong Jiang 
Published: March 2019

AbstractEndovascular repair with parallel stent‐grafts (SG) is a challenging technique that reconstructs the luminal flow pathways by implanting parallel‐placed SGs into the vessel. After treatment, occlusion and shifting of the parallel SGs are sometimes reported, which could be fatal and difficult to be re‐operated. These issues are highly related to the local hemodynamic conditions in the stented region. In this study, a patient case treated by the octopus endograft technique (a head‐SG with three limb‐SGs) and experienced limb‐SG occlusion is studied. 3‐D models are established based on computed tomography (CT) angiography datasets pretreatment and posttreatment as well as during follow‐ups. Hemodynamic quantities such as pressure drop, wall shear stress‐related parameters, and flow division in limb‐SGs and visceral arteries are quantitatively investigated. Optimizations on the length of the head‐SG and diameter of the limb‐SGs are analyzed based on various scenarios. The results indicate that when reconstructing the flow pathways via octopus stenting, it is important to ensure the flow distribution as physiologically required with this new morphology. Position (or length) of the head‐SG and diameter of the limb‐SGs play an important role in controlling flow division, and high time average wall shear stress (TAWSS) around the head‐SG acts as a main factor for graft immigration. This study, by proposing optimization suggestions with hemodynamic analyses for a specific case, implicates that pretreatment SG scenarios may assist in wise selection and placement of the device and thus may improve long‐term effectiveness of this kind of challenging endovascular repair techniques.
Suitability of lattice Boltzmann inlet and outlet boundary conditions for simulating flow in image‐derived vasculature
Authors: Feiger Bradley , Vardhan Madhurima , Gounley John , Mortensen Matthew , Nair Priya , Chaudhury Rafeed , Frakes David , Randles Amanda 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is a popular alternative to solving the Navier‐Stokes equations for modeling blood flow. When simulating flow using the LBM, several choices for inlet and outlet boundary conditions exist. While boundary conditions in the LBM have been evaluated in idealized geometries, there have been no extensive comparisons in image‐derived vasculature, where the geometries are highly complex. In this study, the Zou‐He (ZH) and finite difference (FD) boundary conditions were evaluated in image‐derived vascular geometries by comparing their stability, accuracy, and run times. The boundary conditions were compared in four arteries: a coarctation of the aorta, dissected aorta, femoral artery, and left coronary artery. The FD boundary condition was more stable than ZH in all four geometries. In general, simulations using the ZH and FD method showed similar convergence rates within each geometry. However, the ZH method proved to be slightly more accurate compared with experimental flow using three‐dimensional printed vasculature. The total run times necessary for simulations using the ZH boundary condition were significantly higher as the ZH method required a larger relaxation time, grid resolution, and number of time steps for a simulation representing the same physiological time. Finally, a new inlet velocity profile algorithm is presented for complex inlet geometries. Overall, results indicated that the FD method should generally be used for large‐scale blood flow simulations in image‐derived vasculature geometries. This study can serve as a guide to researchers interested in using the LBM to simulate blood flow.
PPEM: Privacy‐preserving EM learning for mixture models
Authors: Lee Sharon X. , Leemaqz Kaleb L. , McLachlan Geoffrey J. 
Published: March 2019

SummaryPrivacy is becoming increasingly important in collaborative data analysis, especially those involving personal or sensitive information commonly arising from health and commercial settings. The aim of privacy preserving statistical algorithms is to allow inference to be drawn on the joint data without disclosing private data held by each party. This paper presents a privacy‐preserving expectation–maximization (PPEM) algorithm for carrying out maximum likelihood estimation of the parameters of mixture models. We address the scenario of horizontally partitioned data distributed among three or more parties. The PPEM algorithm is a two‐cycle iterative distributed algorithm for fitting mixture models under privacy‐preserving requirements. A distinct advantage of PPEM is that it does not require a trusted third party for cooperative learning, unlike most existing schemes that implement a master/slave hierarchy. By adopting a ring topology and adding random noises to messages before encryption, PPEM helps prevent information leakage in the case of corrupted parties. Furthermore, in contrast to existing works, which typically assume a Honest‐but‐Curious adversary, we consider the much stronger case of a Malicious adversary. For illustration, PPEM is applied to two of the most popular mixture models, namely, the normal mixture model (NMM) andt‐mixture model (tMM), and their effectiveness is analyzed through a security analysis. A real data example is also presented to evaluate the computational complexity and accuracy of PPEM relative to its non‐privacy‐preserving version.
Wireless Coupling of Conducting Polymer Actuators with Light Emission
Authors: Gupta Bhavana , Afonso Mariana C. , Zhang Lin , Ayela Cedric , Garrigue Patrick , Goudeau Bertrand , Kuhn Alexander 
Published: March 2019

AbstractCombining the actuation of conducting polymers with additional functionalities is an interesting fundamental scientific challenge and increases their application potential. Herein we demonstrate the possibility of direct integration of a miniaturized light emitting diode (LED) in a polypyrrole (PPy) matrix in order to achieve simultaneous wireless actuation and light emission. A light emitting diode is used as a part of an electroactive surface on which electrochemical polymerization allows direct incorporation of the electronic device into the polymer. The resulting free‐standing polymer/LED hybrid can be addressed by bipolar electrochemistry to trigger simultaneously oxidation and reduction reactions at its opposite extremities, leading to a controlled deformation and an electron flow through the integrated LED. Such a dual response in the form of actuation and light emission opens up interesting perspectives in the field of microrobotics.
Institutional bricolage as an antecedent of social value creation in a developing country's tourism and hospitality industry
Authors: Mzembe Andrew Ngawenja , Novakovic Yvonne , Melissen Frans , Kamanga Grace 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWhereas social entrepreneurs in developed economies operate in the predictable and supportive institutional environment, their counterparts in the developing world often face hostile institutional conditions. This paper sheds some light on how social ventures that operate within the Malawian tourism and hospitality industry use institutional bricolage in order to address institutional constraints they face in pursuit of social value. Using qualitative‐based case study approach involving four social founders/ventures, our study highlights the three specific institutional bricolage processes that serve as antecedents of social value creation in a developing country context. It further illuminates the significance of engendering a multilevel analysis of institutional voids. The paper finally provides implications for practice and research.
Snubberless boost full‐bridge converters: Analysis of soft switching performance and limitations
Authors: Blinov Andrei , Kosenko Roman , Chub Andrii , Vinnikov Dmitri 
Published: March 2019

SummaryThis paper analyses current‐fed (current source) isolated dc‐dc converters that are proposed for various renewable energy and dc microgrid applications, such as photovoltaic, fuel cell, or energy storage systems. The analysis addresses current‐fed (boost) full‐bridge converters that achieve clamping and soft switching without dedicated external auxiliary circuits, such as snubbers or clamps. Such converters have certain limitations that can lead to degraded performance and feasibility due to high circulating energy or low silicone utilization at some operating points. The current study reveals these limitations, highlighting advantages and drawbacks of selected snubberless converters at different operating conditions. The relation between the rms input current and the isolation transformer primary current as well as the cumulative rms current of primary semiconductors is used as figure of merit for converter characterization. This approach can be extended and applied to other topology types and used as a universal tool for performance assessment of snubberless converters without auxiliary circuits for particular operating conditions in various systems.
Beta2‐adrenergic ligand racemic formoterol exhibits enantioselective disposition in blood and skeletal muscle of humans, and elicits myocellular PKA signaling at therapeutic inhaled doses
Authors: Hostrup Morten , Narkowicz Christian K. , Habib Sajad , Nichols David S. , Jacobson Glenn A. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWhile studies have demonstrated substantial differences in beta2‐adrenergic agonist enantiomer pharmacology, enantioselective disposition of long‐acting beta2‐adrenergic ligand racemic (rac)‐formoterol in blood is inadequately explored after inhaled therapy given analytical challenges. Furthermore, information on enantioselective disposition and partitioning of beta2‐adrenergic agonist in skeletal muscle is absent despite its promising data on muscle anabolism in humans. Using a sensitive ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography−mass spectrometry (UPLC−MS/MS) assay, we determined disposition of (R,R)‐formoterol and (S,S)‐formoterol in plasma and skeletal muscle samples from 11 non‐asthmatic men who had inhaled rac‐formoterol at therapeutic doses (2 × 27 μg). Mean (SD) concentrations of (R,R)‐ and (S,S)‐formoterol in plasma and in muscle biopsies of the vastus lateralis 1 hour after inhalation of formoterol were 31 (15) and 45 (18) pg × mL−1 for (R,R)‐formoterol and (S,S)‐formoterol, respectively, in plasma, and 0.56 (0.32) and 0.51 (0.29) pg × mgwet wt−1, respectively, in muscle. Formoterol exhibited different enantioselective disposition in plasma and muscle (p < 0.0001). In plasma, mean log (R,R):(S,S)‐formoterol ratio was lower than 0 [−0.17(0.07), p < 0.0001], whereas in muscle, mean log (R,R):(S,S)‐formoterol ratio was slightly higher than 0 [0.04(0.07), p < 0.05]. Log (R,R):(S,S)‐formoterol ratio in muscle was related to muscle fiber‐type composition. Furthermore, formoterol induced an approximately two‐fold increase in muscle p‐PKASer/thr phosphorylation (p < 0.01), indicating a substantial beta2‐adrenergic response. Collectively, these findings suggest that formoterol exhibits modest enantioselective disposition in plasma after inhaled therapy in humans, which appear related to a greater (R,R)‐enantiomer disposition in skeletal muscle that may be dependent on fiber‐type composition.