bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uniform blue emitting carbon nanodots synthesized from fig fruit using reverse diffusion purification
Authors: Alassafi Jamaan E. , Al-Hadeethi Yas , Aida Mohammed S. , Roqan Iman S. , Al-Shehri Samar F. , Ansari Mohammad S. , Alamodi Samer , Chen Mingguang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this investigation, blue-emitting carbon nanodots (B.CNDs) with exceptional color purity were successfully synthesized from fresh fig fruit using a one-step pyrolysis method. These B.CNDs are small and spherical (3.7 nm) with an amorphous carbon core encapsulated inside a passivated layer primarily composed of oxygen-related functional groups. They demonstrated an emission property that is independent of excitation, showing the highest emission intensity in the deep blue region at 450 nm with a narrow full-width at half maximum (FWHM) at 44 nm and a quantum yield of 15.5%. This exceptional value of FWHM is attributed to the remarkable uniformity in both morphological and chemical composition that was achieved through the utilization of the reverse diffusion technique combined with the dialysis method for purification and separation of B.CNDs. This work not only contributes to the expanding field of carbon nanomaterials but also introduces a novel and sustainable approach to fabricate CDs with unparalleled color purity and optical performance.
Enhancing the solubility and antibacterial activity of novel molecular salts of enrofloxacin drug with isomeric pyridinedicarboxylic acids
Authors: Hushcha Valeryia , Ben Anna , Felczak Aleksandra , Lisowska Katarzyna , Kinart Zdzisław , Gacki Michał , Chęcińska Lilianna 
Published: November 2024

AbstractEnrofloxacin (EFX) is a third-generation synthetic fluoroquinolone with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity but suffers from low water solubility, affecting its bioavailability. This study attempts to enhance the physicochemical and biological properties of enrofloxacin by converting it into multicomponent forms using crystal engineering concepts. Cocrystallization of enrofloxacin with isomeric pyridine-2,n-dicarboxylic acids (n = 3,4,5,6) resulted in four new crystalline salts (1:1): EFX·Py2,3DCA, EFX·Py2,4DCA, EFX·Py2,5DCA·H2O and EFX·Py2,6DCA·H2O; two of these are monohydrates. The protonation of the nitrogen atom of the piperazine moiety and the presence of crystallization water molecules were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Thermogravimetric analysis provided information on the thermal behaviour of multicomponent forms. The biological studies showed that the obtained salts are characterized by high antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and their haemolytic activity is low. The new salts demonstrate significantly greater solubility in water compared to the parent drug, along with enhanced antibacterial activity; hence, pyridinedicarboxylic acids appear to be efficient cocrystallizing agents for improving the efficacy of pharmaceutical ingredients.
Bone Tumors of the Jaw – the “Blind Spot” for Radiologists Experienced with Tumors? – Part II
Authors: Grieser Thomas , Hirsch Edgar , Tödtmann Ninette 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPrimary bone tumours of the jaw are rare tumoral entities and do substantially differ from other bone tumours of the human body with respect of their frequently encountered unusual radiological appearances. The reason for that may be confined to the co-existence of two closely neighbored but different anatomical structures (i.e., tooth-forming apparatus and jaw bones with adjacent gingiva) and some tumour pathologies which are nearly excusively encountered in the jaw bones only (e.g., ameloblastoma, ossifying fibroma, ghost cell carcinoma).This paper would like to highlight some basic principles of the diagnostic approach and possibilities of radiological differentiation of such tumour-suspicious changes within the gnathic system are elucidated and discussed.The paper presented here is substantially based on the most recent classification of odontogenic and maxillofacial tumours (5th edition, 2022) which serves as a scaffold for the selection of typical tumour entities. Due to the educational character of this paper, only important jaw tumours worth mentioning and their characteristics are subject to be extracted from the literature and further discussed.The main focus was put onto both the description of radiological tumoral appearance and the rational selection of a radiological diagnostic work-up. In order to better visualize this difficult field of tumour entities, much attention has been paid on a comprehensive pictorial essay.For radiologists, it is their foremast task to detect, describe, and to classify bone tumours of the jaw when they are found intentionally or accidentally, resp. A close co-operation with their clinical partners is of upmost importance to gain information about patient´s history and clinical presentation. It is readily reasonable that radiologists are mostly able to provide only a suggestion of the presented tumour entity but this expert opinion would be very helpful to further narrow down the list of potential differential diagnoses (e.g., differentiation of a cyst vs. solid tumour osteolysis, identification of jaw osteomyelitis vs. tumoral infiltration, recognizing of secondary tumour involvement of the jaw).
BAPID: Bildungsarchitektur Pflege in Deutschland
Authors: Genz Katharina , von Gahlen-Hoops Wolfgang 
Published: November 2024

ZusammenfassungAngesichts zahlreicher fordernder Aufgaben in der Zukunft muss die Pflege hierzulande neu gedacht werden.
Einen Vorschlag, dem zu begegnen, bietet das vom DPR in Auftrag gegebene Projekt „BAPID“
(Bildungsarchitektur Pflege in Deutschland).
50 Jahre Bundesverband Pflegemanagement
Authors: Lukuc Sarah 
Published: November 2024

ZusammenfassungDer Verband feiert seine Vergangenheit und seine Zukunft – und hat allen Grund dazu: Der Abend war
gefüllt mit Blicken auf wichtige Meilensteine, regem Austausch und endete mit einer tollen Party samt
guter Stimmung.
Der kleine große Unterschied
Authors: Koch Peter 
Published: November 2024

ZusammenfassungDas Thema Führung in der Langzeitpflege unterscheidet sich wesentlich von weiteren Bereichen des
Gesundheitswesens. Gleichwohl gibt es Führungsansätze, die auch in diesem Setting immer mehr Beachtung
finden, wie etwa das Thema New Work.
Effect of Bacteroides on Crohn’s disease
Authors: Wei Xuanyu , Tang Dong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCrohn’s disease (CD), also known as cicatrizing enteritis, is an inflammatory bowel disease that occurs in the distal ileum and right colon of unknown cause and is also called inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with ulcerative colitis (UC). In recent years, intestinal biota have been confirmed to play a significant role in various gastrointestinal diseases. Studies have found that intestinal microbiota disorders are closely associated with the onset and progression of Crohn’s disease. Bacteroidetes, the second largest microbiota in the intestine, are crucial for equilibrium in the microbiota and intestinal environment. Certain Bacteroides can induce the development of Crohn’s disease and aggravate intestinal inflammation directly or through their metabolites. Conversely, certain Bacteroides can reduce intestinal inflammation and symptoms of Crohn’s disease. This article reviews the effect of several intestinal Bacteroides in the onset and progression of Crohn’s disease and their impact on its treatment.
Interferential Current Stimulation Enhances Rectal Motor Activity: Insights from an Isolated Perfused Porcine Model
Authors: Martel Richard , Boettcher Michael , Klinke Petrowsky Michaela , Hoyos Nicolas Andres , Herrmann Irmgard , Magerl Walter , Herrmann Martin 
Published: November 2024

Introduction Interferential current (IFC) has been studied in several clinical trials for the treatment of bowel motility disorders, most often in children. However, only moderate effects are reported, and in contrast to IFC, the so-called placebo application is indiscernible. The mechanisms and neuroanatomic points of action remain elusive. Therefore, this therapy remains being questioned.
Methods To gain objective experimental data about IFC stimulation, we examined this method ex vivo in an isolated perfused porcine rectum including the mesorectum. To elucidate the role of plexus nerve fibers and enteric ganglia, we performed IFC stimulation also in the presence of tetrodotoxin (TTX) or hexamethonium (HXN). We applied the commonly used stimulation modes with a beat frequency sweeping between 5 and 25 Hz (IFCd5–25) and 80 and 150 Hz (IFCd80–150). We monitored intraluminal pressure and motility by online barometry and video recording, respectively. Motor activity, reflected by changes in the intraluminal pressure (cm H2O·s−1) and longitudinal movements (pixels·s−1), was quantified over time as root mean squares (RMSs).
Results After IFCd5–25, we observed a 30% increase in the rectal motility in the pressure changes which was sustained over 30 minutes post-stimulation (p < 0.02); only a minor effect was detected for IFCd80–150. Both TTX and HTX abolished the stimulation. This suggests neuronal modulation.
Conclusion IFCd5–25 stimulates rectal motor activity in the isolated perfused porcine rectum. Ganglia in the enteric nervous system are modulated to allow increased activity for at least 30 minutes. Therefore, the isolated porcine rectum is a suitable tool to study the effectiveness of various IFC settings in the rectum.
Fetal Growth Restriction: A Pragmatic Approach
Authors: Nadel Allan , Prabhu Malavika , Kaimal Anjali 
Published: November 2024

An accurate diagnosis of fetal growth restriction relies on a precise estimation of gestational age based on a carefully obtained history as well as early ultrasound, since a difference of just a few days can lead to a significant error. There is a continuum of risk for adverse outcome that depends on the certainty of dates and presence or absence of comorbidities, in addition to the estimated fetal weight percentile and the umbilical artery waveform. The results of several studies, most notably the TRUFFLE trial, demonstrate that optimal management of fetal growth restriction with an abnormal umbilical artery waveform requires daily electronic fetal heart rate monitoring, and this monitoring does not require computerized interpretation. The role of ductus venosus waveform, biophysical profile, and middle cerebral artery waveform is less clear, and the results of these three modalities should be interpreted with caution.
Key Points
The Vascular Anatomy and Harvesting of the Lateral Femoral Condyle Flap in Pigs
Authors: Zuo Yanhai , Xiao Shouyun , Zhou Xinchu , Yi Lei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background Clinically, there has been increasing employment of the lateral femoral condyle flap. The objective of this study was to explore the vascular anatomy of the lateral femoral condyle in pigs and to explore the feasibility of using pigs as an animal model of the lateral femoral condyle flap.
Methods A total of 20 fresh cadaveric hindlimbs of 4-week-old hybrid pigs were used in this study. The origination, course, and branches of the nourishing vessels of the lateral femoral condyle were observed in 15 specimens. The primary parameters included the variability in the anatomy of the vessels and the length and outer diameter of the vessels. Surgical procedures for the lateral femoral condyle flap were conducted on five specimens.
Results The primary nourishing arteries of the lateral femoral condyle in pigs were the first superolateral geniculate artery, which was observed in all 15 specimens and had a diameter and length of 1.99 ± 0.44 mm and 2.27 ± 0.46 cm, respectively, as measured at their origination. The operation was performed in the lateral position. A 10-cm skin incision was made from the lower edge of the patella to the posterior lateral side of the distal femur. After blunt dissection of the intermuscular septum between the biceps femoris and vastus lateralis, the whole course of the first superolateral geniculate artery was exposed.
Conclusion The vascular anatomy of the lateral femoral condyle in pigs and that of humans exhibited great similarities. The harvesting of the lateral femoral condyle flap in pigs was as easy as that in humans. Pigs could serve as a suitable animal model for the lateral femoral condyle flap.
Two-Carbon Homologation of Aldehydes: An Efficient Route to Difluoromethyl Alkynes
Authors: Zhu Shengqing , Chu Lingling , Shao Liang , Ren Shuaikang , Li Jing , Tang Chuqian 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe report a simple and efficient two-carbon homologation method to directly convert aldehydes into difluoromethyl alkynes by using readily accessible and stable diphenyl(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)phosphine oxide [Ph2P(=O)CH2CF3]. The conditions for this reaction are compatible with a broad range of aldehydes. Deuterium-labeling experiments suggest that the reaction probably involves a key rearrangement of aryl difluoroallenes generated in situ.
How to Use Simple Guidelines to Improve Both Beef Cattle Welfare and Sustainability: Lessons from the USA
Authors: Grandin Temple 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Twenty-five years ago, a simple scoring system that used five outcome measures was used successfully in large slaughter plants to improve animal welfare. The outcome measures were insensibility, stunning efficacy, vocalization during handling, falling, and electric prod use. Two factors enabled this program to still be successful today. It was simple and easy to understand, and it was applied and enforced by large meat buyers. If a plant did not pass the audit, it could be removed from the approved supplier list. This provided a huge economic incentive to improve practices. For a commercial program to be effective, it must be simple so that auditors employed by buyers can be quickly trained. To make a simplified scoring system effective, the most important key indicators need to be determined. An effective key indicator will identify multiple problems that would severely compromise welfare. Two new problems have emerged relatively recently: Increased lameness in fed beef cattle and congestive heart failure. Both conditions severely compromise both welfare and sustainability. Congestive heart failure can cause the death of fed market-weight cattle shortly before slaughter. Both conditions can be easily assessed at the slaughter plant.

Information
© The Author 2024
Soil health under forage and grazing lands in the humid United States
Authors: Franzluebbers Alan J. , Zentella Rodolfo , Kafle Arjun 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Soil health describes critical functions that can be influenced by land management. Some key soil characteristics are inherent and not altered appreciably, such as texture, mineralogy, and landscape position. Other soil properties and processes can be changed by land management, such as soil organic matter, nutrient concentrations, and the capacity to infiltrate and store water. How and when forage and grazing lands are harvested can modify photosynthesis and allocation of carbon to roots and exudates in soil. Grazing intensity, characterized primarily by stocking rate, is a key management strategy that alters cycling of carbon (C) and associated plant nutrients. Stocking method, nutrient amendment (source, timing, and rate), forage utilization strategy, season of grazing/deferment, type and class of livestock, and livestock distribution on the landscape are other important management strategies that can either negatively affect compaction, nutrient concentration, and greenhouse gas emissions or stimulate greater water holding capacity, slow and steady cycling of nutrients, and soil C and nitrogen (N) sequestration. Responses of soil health to pasture management can be effectively characterized by its essential functions: (i) producing plants for food and fiber, (ii) cycling nutrients, (iii) storing organically bound elements like C and N, (iv) protecting water quality, (v) supplying water and plant growth–promoting compounds, (vi) enabling animal habitat, (vii) harboring biodiversity, and (viii) buffering against toxic accumulation of trace metals and xenobiotic compounds. This review focused on soil health responses to forage and grazing land management in the humid region of the eastern United States. Areas for further research were also identified.
Feeding the cities: Urban agriculture for food security and sustainability of urban areas
Authors: Khan Muhammad Mumtaz , Younis Adnan , Akram Muhammad Tahir , Ijaz M. Muzzamil , Al-Sadi Abdullah M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

With the increasing migration of people to urban areas, the demand for extra, fresh, and healthy food in cities has escalated manyfold. Further, anthropogenic activities, high rise buildings, and unplanned construction in urban areas are increasing urban heat. Therefore, the objective of this study is to review the salient features and constraints of urban agriculture, in addition to illustrating traditional and modern approaches, and policies used worldwide to promote the urban agriculture (UA). Urban agriculture is a key component of sustainable urban development that plays a pivotal role in combating food security and malnutrition in peri-urban and urban areas by growing different fruits, vegetables, mushrooms, herbs, flowering and ornamental plants in urban dwellings for food and aesthetic purposes. UA often combines with other functions like urban greening, biodiversity, waste recycling, environmental disaster reduction, CO
2
absorption, urban heat island reduction, recreational benefits, contributing to the circular economy and UN sustainable development goals (SDGs). Plants in UA are grown in vacant open spaces, rooftops, balconies and containers, resulting in urban organic harvest by fostering income and health improvement. The concept of UA is being utilized efficiently in many countries. However, there is still a need to promote UA by arranging community gatherings and school students, creating awareness and capacity building through education and training. Growers need to be connected to land and open spaces, enhancing value addition in UA and formulating supportive policies to foster Agri-tourism in urban farms to making it a successful initiative. Recent innovative research ideas and new technological developments such as artificial intelligence (AI), internet of things (IoT), automation and mechanization in UA are opening new avenues for quality food production in urban areas for sustainable cities.
Livestock-Associated Anthrax Outbreaks in Wild Herbivores in Mago National Park (MNP), Ethiopia: One Health Perspective
Authors: Shiferaw Fekadu , Kock Richard 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

In Ethiopia, anthrax is a relatively common livestock disease, with individual wildlife cases occurring occasionally but rarely reported. It is an endemic, prioritized and immediately notifiable disease. Between 1999 and 2019, anthrax outbreaks were documented, affecting thousands of livestock and humans, with two epidemic events in wildlife, in the month of September in 1999 associated with livestock and in 2000 without cases in livestock or humans. Over a period of two months in 1999, a total of 1617 deaths were recorded in 21 species of wild animals and 95% of these were in lesser kudu (
Tragelaphus imberbis
). A number of livestock mortalities in 1999 were reported adjacent to, but outside, MNP. During the second outbreak in 2000 over the same period of the year, there were a total of 563 deaths of 8 wildlife species with lesser kudu again mostly affected (94%). In 1999, twenty people from pastoral communities in the local area, who ate and handled livestock and wildlife carcasses, including one scout, became sick with severe skin lesions, but all recovered after treatment. Laboratory investigation confirmed the cause of animal death was from fulminating infection with
Bacillus anthracis
. The disease events in MNP triggered multi-stakeholder participation in the outbreak investigation and diagnosis and in the control measures that were applied. This case study briefly reviews the background of anthrax in Ethiopia and available data from these two anthrax outbreaks in humans and domestic and wild animals and discusses the challenges, costs, and benefits of applying a One Health approach in and around MNP.

Information
© The Authors 2024
A heterogeneous patient-specific model of glioblastoma multiforme tumor through an inverse problem
Authors: Fotouhi Morteza , Yousefnezhad Mohsen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper presents a mathematical framework for the prognosis of glioblastoma brain tumor growth on a patient-specific basis, employing a heterogeneous image-driven methodology. The approach utilizes a reaction–diffusion model to capture the diffusion and proliferation dynamics of tumor cell density, integrated with an inverse problem based on partial differential equation-constrained formulation that links the model to medical images. We establish a theoretical framework that forms a robust foundation for our proposed methodology. Then a numerical algorithm is introduced to implement the framework effectively. We also validate the efficacy of our approach using synthetic tumors on a real brain magnetic resonance image. This work significantly contributes to advancing our understanding of glioma dynamics and offers a promising avenue for personalized treatments through the estimation of spatially varying parameters.
Kerr nonlinearity-induced nonreciprocal Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen steering in a cavity magnonic system
Authors: Hu Shuqi , Liu Jiajun , Cheng Guangling , Zhong Wenxue , Zhang Jiansong , Chen Aixi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We propose to utilize magnon Kerr nonlinearity to generate and control microwave–microwave Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) steering in a cavity magnonic system consisting of two microwave cavities and an yttrium iron garnet (YIG) sphere, where the magnon mode in the YIG sphere is driven by an electromagnetic field. The results show that Kerr nonlinearity of the magnon could not only sensibly induce enhanced entanglement of two microwave fields but also produce asymmetric EPR steering with different ratios of two damping rates and coupling constants. Moreover, it is found that the nonreciprocity of the steady-state EPR steering is obtainable by controlling the sign of the magnon Kerr parameter, which could be tuned from positive to negative by changing the direction of the static magnetic field. The demonstrated nonreciprocal EPR steering is of fundamental interest for the manipulation of quantum states, and may provide potential applications in quantum information tasks.
Current fluctuations in the symmetric exclusion process beyond the one-dimensional geometry
Authors: Berlioz Théotim , Venturelli Davide , Grabsch Aurélien , Bénichou Olivier 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The symmetric simple exclusion process (SEP) is a paradigmatic model of transport, both in and out of equilibrium. In this model, the study of currents and their fluctuations has attracted a lot of attention. In finite systems of arbitrary dimension, both the integrated current through a bond (or a fixed surface), and its fluctuations, grow linearly with time. Conversely, for infinite systems, the integrated current displays different behaviours with time, depending on the geometry of the lattice. For instance, in 1D the integrated current fluctuations are known to grow sublinearly with time, as

t

. Here we study the fluctuations of the integrated current through a given lattice bond beyond the 1D case by considering a SEP on higher-dimensional lattices, and on a comb lattice which describes an intermediate situation between 1D and 2D. We show that the different behaviours of the current originate from qualitatively and quantitatively different current-density correlations in the systems, which we compute explicitly.