bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial peptide Hs02 with rapid bactericidal, anti-biofilm, and anti-inflammatory activity against carbapenem-resistant
Klebsiella pneumoniae
and
Escherichia coli
Authors: Zhao Deyi , Tang Miran , Hu Panjie , Hu Xiaowei , Chen Weijun , Ma Zhexiao , Chen Huanchang , Liu Haifeng , Cao Jianming , Zhou Tieli 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Carbapenem-resistant
Klebsiella pneumoniae
(CRKP) and
Escherichia coli
(CREC) are frequently detected in clinical settings, restricting the use of carbapenems. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new antimicrobial strategies to address infections caused by CRKP and CREC. This study investigated the antibacterial, anti-biofilm, and anti-inflammatory effects of the cationic antimicrobial peptide Hs02, along with its potential antimicrobial mechanisms against CRKP and CREC. The results revealed that Hs02 had a low minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) against CRKP and CREC, effectively eliminating the bacteria within 30 min. Moreover, Hs02 significantly prevents biofilm formation and disrupts the established biofilms. Further mechanistic studies demonstrated that Hs02 specifically targeted and bound to bacterial outer membrane lipopolysaccharides (LPS), disrupted membrane permeability and integrity, which led to intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Furthermore, Hs02 neutralized LPS, thereby suppressing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells.
In vitro
, hemolysis and cytotoxicity assays confirmed Hs02’s safety at the tested concentrations and proved that Hs02 improved the survival rate of
Galleria mellonella
larvae. In conclusion, the findings suggest that Hs02’s interaction with LPS and the resulting disruption of membrane integrity may be key factors driving its rapid bactericidal and anti-inflammatory effects.

IMPORTANCE
Eukaryotic antimicrobial peptides are typically amphipathic peptides consisting of approximately 50 amino acids. Many macromolecular proteins in our body contain polypeptide sequences that show characteristics similar to those of antimicrobial peptides. The present research highlights a gap in the current literature regarding the mechanisms by which the intragenic antimicrobial peptide Hs02, derived from human proteins, exerts its rapid bactericidal and anti-inflammatory effects. The findings demonstrate that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a key target of Hs02’s antimicrobial activity and that its ability to neutralize LPS is crucial for its anti-inflammatory effects.
Poor housing conditions in adolescence and adult health outcomes: an outcome-wide longitudinal approach
Authors: Kim Jinho , Park Gum-Ryeong , Jang Hayun , Son Hyewon 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundWhile prior literature has documented the impact of housing quality on health, the long-lasting effects of poor housing conditions in adolescence on adult health remain understudied. This study employs an outcome-wide longitudinal approach to estimate the association between poor housing conditions in adolescence and a set of health outcomes in adulthood.MethodsData from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), a large-scale, nationally representative sample of US adolescents, were used. This study analysed 15 health outcomes encompassing physical and mental/cognitive health, and health behaviours. The Bonferroni correction was applied to adjust the significance level of multiple testing of the associations.ResultsAfter applying the Bonferroni correction, poor housing conditions in adolescence were associated with seven adult health outcomes. These conditions were particularly strongly and robustly linked to mental health issues, including depression, suicidal ideation and perceived stress. Additionally, poor housing conditions were related to physical health outcomes such as cardiovascular disease risk and self-rated health, as well as health behaviours such as smoking and unhealthy eating behaviour.ConclusionPoor housing conditions during adolescence can act as an early risk factor for adult health, particularly mental health. These findings support the adoption of a life course approach and strengthen the case for housing interventions aimed at improving health outcomes.
Explore the properties of $$\Lambda (1670)$$ in the Cabibbo-favored process $$\Lambda ^+_c \rightarrow p K^- \pi ^+$$
Authors: Zhang Sheng-Chao , Duan Man-Yu , Lyu Wen-Tao , Wang Guan-Ying , Zhu Jing-Yu , Wang En 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Recently, the Belle and LHCb Collaborations have measured the

$$\Lambda ^+_c \rightarrow p K^- \pi ^+$$

Λ
c
+

→
p

K
-

π
+

decay and reported the

$$K^- p$$

K
-

p

invariant mass distribution, which shows a clear cusp structure around the

$$\eta \Lambda $$

η
Λ

threshold. In this work, we have analyzed this process by considering the triangle mechanism and the S-wave pseudoscalar meson-octet baryon interactions within the chiral unitary approach, which dynamically generates the

$$\Lambda (1670)$$

Λ
(
1670
)

. Our results are in good agreement with the Belle measurements, which implies that the cusp structure around

$$\eta \Lambda $$

η
Λ

threshold could be associated with the

$$\Lambda (1670)$$

Λ
(
1670
)

with the molecular nature.
Muon $$g-2$$ anomaly from vector-like leptons in a 2-Higgs-doublet + scalar singlet model
Authors: Brune Tim , Kephart Thomas W. , Päs Heinrich 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We revisit an economical model for the

$$g-2$$

g
-
2

anomaly featuring a vector-like charged fermion, a scalar doublet and a scalar singlet in the light of new results from Fermilab. The phenomenological implications for lepton-flavor universality, Higgs decays, and charged lepton-flavor violating decays are discussed in detail.
Complexity and isotropization based extended models in the context of electromagnetic field: an implication of minimal gravitational decoupling
Authors: Naseer Tayyab 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper formulates three different analytical solutions to the gravitational field equations in the framework of Rastall theory by taking into account the gravitational decoupling approach. For this, the anisotropic spherical interior fluid distribution is assumed as a seed source characterized by the corresponding Lagrangian. The field equations are then modified by introducing an additional source which is gravitationally coupled with the former fluid setup. Since this approach makes the Rastall equations more complex, the MGD scheme is used to tackle this, dividing these equations into two systems. Some particular ansatz are taken into account to solve the first system, describing initial anisotropic fluid. These metric potentials contain multiple constants which are determined with the help of boundary conditions. On the other hand, the solution for the second set is calculated through different well-known constraints. Afterwards, the estimated data of a pulsar 4U 1820-30 is considered so that the feasibility of the developed models can be checked graphically. It is concluded that all resulting models show physically acceptable behavior under certain choices of Rastall and decoupling parameters.
Effect of the Physicochemical Properties of PVdF on Dry-Sprayed Graphite Electrodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries for Electric Vehicle Applications
Authors: Barreras-Uruchurtu J. Alberto , Besnard Nicolas , Paul Clément , Marchal Lauréline , Devisme Samuel , Lestriez Bernard 
Published: December 2024

We investigated the fabrication of graphite/PVdF anodes using electrostatic dry spray-coating, employing two different PVdF binders with different physicochemical properties such as primary particle size, crystallinity, melting temperature, and viscosity. We examine and compare the morphological, mechanical, electrical, and electrochemical properties of the dry-sprayed electrodes (DSEs). Significant differences were observed, particularly in terms of adhesion/cohesion, electrical resistivity, tortuosity, and electrochemical performance, with the PVdF binder characterized by a smaller particle size (178 nm) and a slightly higher melting temperature range (165 °C–172 °C), demonstrating superior long-term cycling stability. Specifically, the best electrode made with this binder achieved 188.3 mAh g−1 with over 94.9% capacity retention after 200 cycles. In contrast, the best electrode made with the PVdF binder with a larger particle size (270 nm) and a lower melting temperature range (155 °C–172 °C), showed a performance of 173.9 mAh g−1 with 88.3% capacity retention under the same conditions. Our findings highlight the necessity of adjusting fabrication conditions according to the specific characteristics of each PVdF binder to optimize the overall performance of the DSEs.
Duvelisib with Docetaxel for Patients with Anti–PD-1 Refractory, Recurrent, or Metastatic Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Hanna Glenn J. , Oakley L. B. , Shi R. , ONeill A. , Shin K. Y. , Scarfo N. , Sehgal K. , Dennis M. J. , Quinn N. , Jo V. Y. , Wong K. , Shvyrkova A. , Kushnarev V. , Shanthappa B. U. , Tkachuk A. , Kryukov K. , Sarachakov A. , Svekolkin V. , Lennerz J. , Waters S. , Haddad R. I. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
Treatments after anti–PD-1 therapy for patients with recurrent, metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are limited. Blocking PI3K signaling may lead to tumor immunomodulation and enhanced taxane sensitivity. This phase 2 trial evaluated dual, selective PI3Kδ/γ inhibition with docetaxel in patients with anti–PD-1 refractory recurrent, metastatic HNSCC.

Patients and Methods:
Patients received duvelisib (25 mg orally twice daily) with docetaxel (75 mg/m2 IV) every 21 days. The primary endpoint was overall response rate (RECIST v1.1), using a Simon two-stage design. Secondary endpoints were safety, progression-free survival, and overall survival, and exploratory endpoints were correlating immunologic and genomic parameters with outcomes.

Results:
From 11/1/21 to 10/10/23, 26 patients were enrolled (median age: 64, 96% men, 54% with human papillomavirus+ disease; primary site: 12 oropharynx, 11 oral cavity, and 3 larynx/hypopharynx. The best overall response rate was 19% [5/26; 95% confidence interval (CI), 6.8%–40.7%]. All were partial responses [median duration: 5.1 months (0.7–15.5)]; 46% (12/26) exhibited stable disease, and 32% (8/26) exhibited progression (1 unevaluable). Two patients remain on-treatment at data cutoff; 25% (6/24) came off for toxicity. Grade 3+ treatment-related adverse events were observed in 50% (13/26), most often elevated liver function tests (6, 23%). No deaths were treatment-related. At median follow-up of 6.5 months (0.7–26), median progression-free survival was 2.8 months (95% CI, 1.9–7.0); 17/26 patients had died. Median overall survival was 10.2 months (95% CI, 6.7–15.9), favoring human papillomavirus–negative patients. Greater tumor CD3+/CD8+ T-cell infiltration trended with improved outcomes.

Conclusions:
We report a favorable response rate when combining a selective PI3K pathway inhibitor and taxane in patients with anti–PD-1 refractory HNSCC.
Supplementary Figure S6 from Separable Cell Cycle Arrest and Immune Response Elicited through Pharmacological CDK4/6 and MEK Inhibition in RAS<sup>mut</sup> Disease Models
Authors: Wu Jin , Wang Jianxin , O’Connor Thomas N. , Tzetzo Stephanie L. , Gurova Katerina V. , Knudsen Erik S. , Witkiewicz Agnieszka K. 
Published: December 2024

<p>Supplementary Figure S6. A. Immunoblot analysis for TBK1 and cell cycle-related proteins in HT1080 and 519 cells treated with CDK4/6i (palbociclib, 100 nmol/L) and MEKi (trametinib, 25 nmol/L) with and without siTBK1 for 48 h. B. qPCR analysis of <i>STAT2</i> and <i>IRF9</i> IFN-related gene expression in HT1080 and 519 cells treated with DMSO or CDK4/6i (palbociclib, 100 nmol/L) and MEKi (trametinib, 25 nmol/L) with and without siTBK1. Data displayed as mean ± SD in triplicate. ****p < 0.0001 as determined by one-way ANOVA. C. Heatmap displaying expression as log<sub>2</sub> fold change of immune-related genes independent of TBK1 pathway in 519 cells treated with CDK4/6i (palbociclib, 100 nmol/L) and MEKi (trametinib, 25 nmol/L) ± TBK1i (GSK8612, 5 μmol/L). D. Schematic representation of potential working model for IFN pathway activation mediated by CDK4/6 and MEK inhibitor treatment.</p>
Figure S11 from CD91 and Its Ligand gp96 Confer Cross-Priming Capabilities to Multiple APCs during Immune Responses to Nascent, Emerging Tumors
Authors: Nayak Devanshi A. , Sedlacek Abigail L. , Cillo Anthony R. , Watkins Simon C. , Binder Robert J. 
Published: December 2024

<p>Supplementary Figure 11. Quantification of CD91 expression on APCs in the skin and draining lymph nodes. </p>
Pre-stimulus activity mediates event-related theta synchronization and alpha desynchronization during memory formation in healthy aging
Authors: Strzelczyk Dawid , Langer Nicolas 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The capacity to learn is a key determinant for the quality of life, but is known to decline to varying degrees with age. However, despite mounting evidence of memory deficits in older age, the neural mechanisms contributing to successful or impeded memory remain unclear. Previous research has primarily focused on memory formation through remembered versus forgotten comparisons, lacking the ability to capture the incremental nature of learning. Moreover, previous electroencephalography (EEG) studies have primarily examined oscillatory brain activity during the encoding phase, such as event-related synchronization (ERS) of mid-frontal theta and desynchronization (ERD) of parietal alpha, while neglecting the potential influence of pre-stimulus activity. To address these limitations, we employed a sequence learning paradigm, where 113 young and 117 older participants learned a fixed sequence of visual locations through repeated observations (6,423 sequence repetitions, 55 '944 stimuli). This paradigm enabled us to investigate mid-frontal theta ERS, parietal alpha ERD, and how they are affected by pre-stimulus activity during the incremental learning process. Behavioral results revealed that young subjects learned significantly faster than older subjects, in line with expected age-related cognitive decline. Successful incremental learning was directly linked to decreases of mid-frontal theta ERS and increases of parietal alpha ERD. Notably, these neurophysiological changes were less pronounced in older individuals, reflecting a slower rate of learning. Importantly, the mediation analysis revealed that in both age groups, mid-frontal pre-stimulus theta partially mediated the relationship between learning and mid-frontal theta ERS. Furthermore, the overall impact of learning on parietal alpha ERD was primarily driven by its positive influence on pre-stimulus alpha activity. Our findings offer new insights into the age-related differences in memory formation and highlight the importance of pre-stimulus activity in explaining post-stimulus responses during learning.
Trial-by-trial detection of cognitive events in neural time-series
Authors: Weindel Gabriel , van Maanen Leendert , Borst Jelmer P. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Measuring the time-course of neural events that make up cognitive processing is crucial to understand the relationship between brain and behavior. To this aim, we formulated a method to discover a trial-wise sequence of events in multivariate neural signals such as electro- or magneto-encephalograpic (E/MEG) recordings. This sequence of events is assumed to be represented by multivariate patterns in neural time-series, with the by-trial inter-event intervals following probability distributions. By estimating event-specific multivariate patterns, and between-event time interval distributions, the method allows to recover the by-trial location of brain responses. We demonstrate the properties and robustness of this hidden multivariate pattern (HMP) method through simulations, including robustness to low signal-to-noise ratio, as typically observed in electro-encephalography (EEG) recordings. The applicability of HMP is illustrated using three previously published datasets. We show how HMP provides, for any experiment or condition, an estimate of the number of events, the sensors contributing to each event (e.g., EEG scalp topography), and the intervals between each event. Traditional exploration of tasks’ cognitive structures and electrophysiological analyses can thus be enhanced by HMP estimates.
Do bolder parents make better parents in anthropogenically disturbed environments?
Authors: Silverlake Arisha F. , Katsis Andrew C. , Colombelli-Négrel Diane 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Urban developments and human activities are encroaching on our natural habitats at a rapidly increasing rate, placing many species under stress from anthropogenic disturbance. Animal personality can influence how individuals tolerate disturbance in their environment. We examined the relationships between boldness and breeding success in a highly anthropogenically disturbed population of little penguins (Eudyptula novaehollandiae) on Granite Island, South Australia. We measured boldness in individual penguins both at the nest (in response to a simulated nest intrusion; nest defence scores) and away from the nest (in response to a human approach; alert and flight initiation distances). We first assessed the repeatability of boldness across time and contexts, and then determined the relationships among boldness, parental care behaviours (return rate to the nest, feed rate to chicks, and number of overnight stays) and breeding success (number of chicks fledged). Nest defence scores were highly repeatable across months and years. Responses to a human approach (alert and flight initiation distances) were not repeatable, with penguins increasing their flight initiation distance across repeated trials. Mean nest defence scores positively correlated with the first flight initiation distance recorded, supporting the idea that both responses may be mediated by the same underlying personality trait (boldness). Neither nest defence score nor response to human approach predicted parental care or breeding success. Our results suggest that constant exposure to anthropogenic disturbance may have negative effects on little penguins and highlight the importance of limiting interactions between human visitors and penguins.
Parting the Waters: the Anagogical Sense in Maximus’ Ambiguum 10
Authors: Hottinger David L. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Those who wish to see an example of anagogical interpretation of the Bible will find abundant examples of it in the tenth of Maximus the Confessor’s Ambigua to John. This article explores Maximus’ approach to the spiritual sense of Scripture as exemplified in Ambiguum 10, particularly as it adumbrates a biblical basis for the elements of his theological anthropology. It begins with an overview of Maximus’ approach to biblical interpretation and pertinent elements of his anthropology. After presenting examples of Maximus’ anagogical exegesis, the article concludes by evaluating these interpretations by the inner logic of the spiritual senses (called here “formal continuity”) to show how an anagogical interpretation can be authentically understood to reveal a major element of that anthropology, namely the fall of man.
A Comparison of Extreme and Ordinary Freezing Rain Events of Long Duration and High Integrated Vapor Transport in Eastern North America
Authors: Miller Douglas K. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Freezing rain events of long duration (LD; at least 12 h) in two study domains of eastern North America gleaned from the database of McCray et al. are examined using ERA5 reanalysis-based integrated water vapor transport (IVT) to investigate how parent cyclones with high IVT (HIVT; surrogate for atmospheric rivers) contribute to severe freezing rain events. Although not necessary for an LD freezing rain event to occur, HIVT-influenced parent cyclones are associated with most (70%) events occurring in the southeastern Canada/northeastern U.S. (CAUS) study domain and with the majority (78%) of very long (at least 24 h) LD events in the region over a 38-yr period (1979–2016). Comparing extreme and ordinary LD events involving HIVT-influenced parent cyclones over the CAUS and southeastern U.S. study domains shows the importance in extreme events of slow movement and phasing between the continental parent cyclone located over eastern North America and a corresponding midlatitude anticyclone to the northeast of the CAUS domain that provides cold dry air needed in the near-surface cold layer to offset opposing diabatic effects. A corresponding subtropical anticyclone assists the parent cyclone in supplying warm and humid air at midlevels of freezing rain events to the northern reaches of the study domain, extending spatial and temporal scales of extreme events. Most ordinary LD event parent cyclones are progressive and impact the study domain only briefly. An abrupt end of ordinary LD events having a slow-moving parent cyclone occurs either when its center moves over the study domain or a second, newly dominant cyclone emerges.
Hemoadsorption during cardiopulmonary bypass to absorb plasma-free hemoglobin in patients with acute type a aortic dissection: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Bao Yu , Wang XiaoJun , Zi YunFeng , Qian Xu , Li YongBo , Li ShuXi , Wang Zhao 
Published: December 2024

Aims This study aimed to investigate the effect of hemoadsorption (HA) on plasma-free hemoglobin (pfHb) levels during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and the clinical outcomes in patients with acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD). Methods In this single-center randomized trial, patients were assigned to either a group using the HA380 device or a control group without it. The primary outcome was changes in pfHb levels during CPB and within the first 48 hours after surgery. The study concentrated on comparing compared the data between the two groups using analysis of variance for repeated measures. Concurrently, both correlation and linear regression analyses were employed to identify the factors influencing pfHb levels. Results The mean pfHb concentration was lower in the HA380 group than in the control group,but there were no significant differences between the two groups ( F = 2.883, 95% confidence interval CI: −0.006 to 0.072, p = .093) using a repeated measures analysis of covariance model. Linear regression analysis identified body mass index (BMI) as the primary factor influencing the adsorption effect ( B = 0.01, 95% CI: 0.36–1.24, p = .001). Additionally, the major postoperative complications within the first 48 hours did not show significant differences between the groups, including acute kidney injury (AKI) (25% HA380 group vs 36% control group, p = .261) and postoperative liver dysfunction (PLD) (5% HA380 group vs 16% control group, p = .106). Conclusion The use of the HA380 device in CPB during cardiac operations may contribute to reduced pfHb levels. However, the difference was statistically non-significant because pfHb adsorption was notably influenced by the patient’s BMI. Consequently, BMI should be considered when deploying HA380 in prolonged CPB procedures, including ATADD repair. Enhancing either the number of devices or the duration of HA in patients with overweight or obesity may potentially improve postoperative clinical outcomes.