bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between the number of teeth and hypertension in a study based on 13,561 participants
Authors: Shin Hye‐Sun 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundNo studies have reported the association between the number of teeth and hypertension in the Korean national data. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the number of teeth is associated with blood pressure and hypertension in a representative sample of the Korean population.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted on 13,561 participants aged ≥19 years using the 2012 to 2014 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. The number of teeth was divided into four groups: 0, 1 to 19, 20 to ‐27, and 28. The definition of hypertension was systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg or being medicated for hypertension. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed after controlling for age, sex, income, education, smoking, drinking, diabetes mellitus, obesity, and hypercholesterolemia. Age‐ and sex‐stratified analyses were performed.ResultsThe fully adjusted odds ratios (AOR) of the number of teeth group for hypertension were as follows: AOR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.11 to 1.43 for 20 to 27 teeth; AOR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.22 to 1.76; 1 to 19 teeth; and AOR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.22 to 2.18 for edentulism. The strength of the association was highest in women aged ≥60 years across all age and sex groups (OR = 1.81, 95% CI = 1.15 to 2.86).ConclusionFindings suggest that a decrease in the number of teeth may be independently associated with hypertension in the Korean population.
Determination of 15 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in aquatic products by solid‐phase extraction and GC–MS
Authors: Liu Qiying , Guo Yuanming , Sun Xiumei , Hao Qing , Cheng Xin , Zhang Lu 
Published: February 2018

AbstractWe propose a method for the simultaneous determination of 15 kinds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in marine samples (muscle) employing gas chromatography with mass spectrometry after saponification with ultrasound‐assisted extraction and solid‐phase extraction. The experimental conditions were optimized by the response surface method. In addition, the effects of different lyes and extractants on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons extraction were discussed, and saturated sodium carbonate was first used as the primary saponification reaction and extracted with 10 mL of ethyl acetate and secondly 1 mol/L of sodium hydroxide and 10 mL of n‐hexane were used to achieve better results. The average recovery was 67–112%. Satisfactory data showed that the method has good reproducibility with a relative standard deviation of <13%. The detection limits of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were 0.02–0.13 ng/g. Compared with other methods, this method has the advantages of simple pretreatment, low solvent consumption, maximum polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons extraction, the fast separation speed, and the high extraction efficiency. It is concluded that this method meets the batch processing requirements of the sample and can also be used to determine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in other high‐fat (fish, shrimp, crab, shellfish) biological samples.
Impact of scratch depth on vacuum tightness of diffusion bonded parts
Authors: Gietzelt T. , Hüll A. , Toth V. , Messerschmidt F. , Thelen R. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe surface roughness or solitary grooves decides about success or failure of diffusion bonding and vacuum tightness of the parts to be welded. Since surfaces have to be mated at atomic level to enable diffusion of atoms across bonding planes, also single deep scratches must be avoided to achieve vacuum tightness. Up to now there are no criteria which grooves can be tolerated. In fact, personal experience of the operator is essential to evaluate the surface before diffusion bonding. In this paper different load on top of a spike made of hard metal and sliding across the surface of austenitic stainless steel sheets of 1.4301 are employed to prepare grooves of different depth. A scanning electron microscope is used to visualize the dimension of the grooves. By white light interferometry, the depths according the load of the spice is evaluated. Diffusion bonding is performed at T = 1075 °C, t = 4 h, p = 12 MPa as well as with additional short peak loads. It turns out that the depth of grooves corresponds very well with the degree of leakage rate. Hence, by measuring the depth of grooves, prediction of leak rate can be predicted.
Phycoerythrin‐Derived Tryptic Peptide of a Red Alga Pyropia yezoensis Attenuates Glutamate‐Induced ER Stress and Neuronal Senescence in Primary Rat Hippocampal Neurons
Authors: Oh Jeong Hwan , Kim Eun‐Young , Nam Taek‐Jeong 
Published: February 2018

ScopeGlutamate excitotoxicity has been observed in association with neurodegenerative disorders. This study aimed to investigate whether a phycoerythrin‐derived tryptic peptide of Pyropia yezoensis (PYP) reduces glutamate‐induced excitotoxicity and neuronal senescence in primary rat hippocampal neurons.Methods and resultsGlutamate exposure (100 μm) decreased cell viability and increased expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response protein glucose‐regulated protein 78 (GRP78) starting at 60 min following glutamate exposure, which was prevented by pretreating the neurons with PYP (1 μg mL−1). The glutamate‐induced increase in GRP78 expression was downregulated by blocking N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor with MK801 (10 μm) and inhibiting c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation with SP600125 (10 μm). Moreover, phosphorylation of JNK was decreased by blockade of NMDA receptor. The PYP pretreatment downregulated glutamate‐induced increase in GRP78 expression and JNK phosphorylation, and this effect was abolished by inhibiting tropomyosin‐related kinase B (TrkB) receptor, phosphatidylinositiol 3‐kinase, and extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 using cyclotraxin B (200 nm), LY294002 (20 μm), and SL327 (10 μm), respectively. In addition, PYP downregulated increase in GRP78 expression, senescence‐associated β‐galactosidase activity, and neurite degeneration in aging hippocampal neurons.ConclusionThese findings indicate that activation of TrkB receptor‐mediated ERK1/2 by PYP attenuates glutamate‐induced ER stress, which may improve the survival of hippocampal neurons with age.
Comparing supply and demand models for future photovoltaic power generation in the USA
Authors: Basore Paul A. , Cole Wesley J. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractWe explore the plausible range of future deployment of photovoltaic generation capacity in the USA using a supply‐focused model based on supply‐chain growth constraints and a demand‐focused model based on minimizing the overall cost of the electricity system. Both approaches require assumptions based on previous experience and anticipated trends. For each of the models, we assign plausible ranges for the key assumptions and then compare the resulting PV deployment over time. Each model was applied to 2 different future scenarios: one in which PV market penetration is ultimately constrained by the uncontrolled variability of solar power and one in which low‐cost energy storage or some equivalent measure largely alleviates this constraint. The supply‐focused and demand‐focused models are in substantial agreement, not just in the long term, where deployment is largely determined by the assumed market penetration constraints, but also in the interim years. For the future scenario without low‐cost energy storage or equivalent measures, the 2 models give an average plausible range of PV generation capacity in the USA of 150 to 530 GWdc in 2030 and 260 to 810 GWdc in 2040. With low‐cost energy storage or equivalent measures, the corresponding ranges are 160 to 630 GWdc in 2030 and 280 to 1200 GWdc in 2040. The latter range is enough to supply 10% to 40% of US electricity demand in 2040, based on current demand growth.
Thin poly(ionic liquid) and poly(vinylidene fluoride) blend films with ferro‐ and piezo‐electric polar γ‐crystals
Authors: Tiwari Vimal K. , Lee Yujeong , Song Giyoung , Lib Kim Kang , Jung Park Youn , Park Cheolmin 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTFerro‐ and piezo‐electric poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) thin film is reported to be obtained by using a poly(ionic liquid) (PIL) [poly(2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) methyl chloride quaternary salt] through solution route. The short range interactions between localized cationic ions of PIL and polar >CF2 of PVDF are responsible for modified polar γ‐PVDF (T3GT3Ḡ) formation. Modification in chain conformation of PVDF is confirmed by FTIR, XRD, and DSC studies suggesting the miscible PVDF–PIL (PPIL) blend. Up to 40 wt % loading of PIL in PVDF matrix enhances relative intensity of γ‐phase up to 50% in the entire crystalline phase. The P‐E hysteresis loop of PVDF‐PIL blends at 25 wt % PIL loading (PPIL‐25) thin film at sweep voltage of ±50 V shows excellent ferroelectric property with nearly saturated high remnant polarization ∼6.0 µC cm−2 owing to large proportion of γ‐PVDF. However, non‐polar pure PVDF thin film shows unsaturated hysteresis loop with 1.4 µC cm−2 remnant polarization. The operation voltage decreases effectively because of the polar γ‐phase formation in PPIL blended film. High‐sensitivity piezo‐response force microscopy shows electromechanical switching property at low voltages in PPIL‐25 thin films through local switching measurements, making them potentially suitable as ferroelectric tunnel barriers. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2018, 56, 795–802
Differential Metabolic Pathway Analysis of the Proteomes of Leishmania donovani and Leptomonas seymouri
Authors: Singh Neeloo , Goel Renu , Jain Ekta 
Published: February 2018

PurposeAlthough in trypanosomatids, monoxeny (Leptomonas) is ancestral to dixeny (Leishmania), however clinical cases of visceral leishmanisis with Leptomonas co‐infection are increasingly being reported from India. Using a proteogenomic approach, a detailed proteome analysis of these two kinetoplastid parasites viz., Leishmania and its sister Leptomonas, to catalog the key proteins associated with and therefore possibly responsible for phenotype changes in Leptomonas evolution and domestication as co‐infection with Leishmania is carried out.Experimental designLC–MS/MS is utilized for this proteomic purpose. One Leishmania donovani WHO reference strain and two Leptomonas seymouri isolates, which are originally isolated from clinical cases of kala azar patients with different inherent drug sensitivity viz., responsive and unresponsive, are used in this study.ResultsA network analysis, leveraging protein–protein interaction data helped to find the roles of the proteins in carbon metabolism and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites which is seen to be altered under stress conditions like drug resistance.Conclusions and Clinical relevanceThe information provided about the metabolic pathways modulated when contrasting these two phenotypes may lead to the development of new strategies to block parasite differentiation within the host and to also circumvent the problem of drug resistance. This proteomic study also offers new grounds for the investigation of novel hypothetical proteins potentially playing a role in evolutionary biology the knowledge of which is essential for treatment of patients co‐infected with these two kinetoplastid parasites.
Antidepressant effects of dammarane sapogenins in chronic unpredictable mild stress‐induced depressive mice
Authors: Jiang Ning , Zhang Bei‐Yue , Dong Li‐Ming , Lv Jing‐Wei , Lu Cong , Wang Qiong , Fan Lin‐Xi , Zhang Hong‐Xia , Pan Rui‐Le , Liu Xin‐Min 
Published: February 2018

Depression is a common, dysthymic, and psychiatric disorder, resulting in enormous social and economic burden. Dammarane sapogenins (DS), an active fraction from oriental ginseng, has shown antidepressant‐like effects in chronic restraint rats and sleep interruption‐induced mice, and the present study aimed to further confirm the antidepressant effects of DS in a model of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) and to explore the underlying mechanism. Oral administration of DS (20, 40, and 80 mg/kg) markedly improved depressant‐like behaviors, increasing the sucrose intake in the sucrose preference test and reducing the latency in the novelty‐suppressed feeding test, and decreasing the immobility time in both the tail suspension and forced swimming tests, compared with the CUMS mice. Biochemical analysis of brain tissue and serum showed that DS treatment restored the decreased hippocampal neurotransmitter concentrations of serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine (noradrenaline), and gamma‐aminobutyric acid, and decreased the elevated of serum hormone levels (corticotrophin releasing factor, adrenocorticotrophic hormone, and corticosterone) induced by CUMS. Our findings confirm that DS exerts an antidepressant‐like effect in the CUMS model of depression in mice, and suggest it may be mediated by regulation of neurotransmitters and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis.
Polyprenols mitigate cognitive dysfunction and neuropathology in the APP/PS1 mouse
Authors: Zhuang Xu‐Xu , Zang Xuan , Zheng Guang‐Yao , Hua Nan , Sun Yi , Hu Yu‐Hui , He Ling 
Published: February 2018

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a very common neurodegenerative disorder in the elderly and brings considerable financial and social problems worldwide. In this study, polyprenols were firstly evaluated the effects on the cognitive deficits and neuropathology in APP/PS1 mice model of AD. At 3 months old, the APP/PS1 mice were divided into model group; polyprenols low, middle, and high dosage group; and positive drug group. Age‐matched wild‐type mice were chosen in control group. The administration by oral gavage lasted 6 months. Polyprenols treatment significantly improved cognitive impairment of double transgenic mice compared with vehicle control treatment in behavioral tests. In addition, immunohistochemistry and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay showed that there were significantly reductions in neuritic plaques and the level of hyperphosphorylated tau in brain of polyprenols‐treated mice. Furthermore, we found that polyprenols treatment reduced the apoptotic cells in brain sections of 9‐month‐old APP/PS1 mice. These results reveal that polyprenols exert neuroprotective effects in APP/PS1 mice and could represent an effective treatment for AD.
Isolates from Alpinia officinarum Hance attenuate LPS‐induced inflammation in HepG2: Evidence from in silico and in vitro studies
Authors: Elgazar Abdullah A. , Selim Nabil M. , Abdel‐Hamid Nabil M. , El‐Magd Mohammed A. , El Hefnawy Hala M. 
Published: February 2018

In an attempt to connect the legacy of centuries of invaluable knowledge from traditional medicine and the current understanding to the molecular mechanism of diseases, we took the advantage of the emergence of in silico screening as a promising tool for identification of potential leads from libraries of natural products. Traditional Chinese Medicine database was subjected to structure based virtual screening for identification of anti‐inflammatory compounds using the 3D crystal structure of p38 alpha mitogen activated protein kinase. The molecular docking studies revealed the potential activity of several classes of compounds known to be the constituents of the rhizomes of Alpinia officinarum Hance (Lesser galangal). Five compounds, galangin, kaempferide, isorhamnetin, and two diarylheptanoids, were isolated from the rhizomes of the plant using vacuum liquid chromatography and flash chromatography techniques. The anti‐inflammatory activity of these compounds was investigated on HepG2 cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide. The latter induced the gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines; interleukin‐1β, interleukin‐6, tumor necrosis factor alpha. Addition of the 5 isolated compounds downregulated this increased gene expression in a dose dependent manner. Thus, these results indicate that the isolated compounds from A. officinarum could be used as a beneficial source for preventing and treating inflammatory diseases.
Cytotoxic alkaloids from Pogonopus tubulosus: G2/M cell cycle arrest and inhibition of DNA topoisomerase IIα by isotubulosine
Authors: Filippin Kelly Juliana , Portela Aymee , Rodrigues Edilene Delphino , Matos Maria de Fátima Cepa , da Silva Gil Valdo José , Garcez Walmir Silva , Garcez Fernanda Rodrigues , Perdomo Renata Trentin 
Published: February 2018

Phytochemical investigation of Pogonopus tubulosus trunk led to the isolation of isotubulosine and alangiside, tetrahydroisoquinoline indolic monoterpene alkaloids reported here for the first time for the family Rubiaceae and the genus Pogonopus, respectively. Isotubulosine proved cytotoxic against MCF‐7, PC‐3, 786‐0, HT‐29, and HL‐60 human cancer cell lines, with GI50 values ranging from 5.26 to 20.61 μM, in addition to causing G2/M arrest, possibly by inhibiting DNA topoisomerase IIα. Alangiside showed weak cytotoxicity against MCF‐7 and HL‐60 and proved inactive against PC‐3, HT‐29, and 786‐0 cell lines, with no sign of apoptosis. The alkaloid structures were established on the basis of 1D‐ and/or 2D‐NMR, optical rotation, and HR ESIMS data. Complete 1H NMR assignments of isotubulosine were also performed, using 1H‐1H COSY, HSQC, HMBC, NOESY, and 1H J‐resolved techniques and employing experimental and calculated values of homonuclear coupling constants based on the lowest energy conformations. The foregoing results provide new information on the cytotoxicity and mechanism of action of tetrahydroisoquinoline indole monoterpene‐type alkaloids and reveal isotubulosine to merit further studies as a potential anticancer agent.
NMR spin–spin coupling constants in hydrogen‐bonded glycine clusters
Authors: Chaudhuri Puspitapallab , Canuto Sylvio , Provasi Patricio F. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe influence of the hydrogen bond formation on the NMR spin–spin coupling constants (SSCC), including the Fermi contact (FC), the diamagnetic spin‐orbit, the paramagnetic spin‐orbit, and the spin dipole term, has been investigated systematically for the homogeneous glycine cluster, in gas phase, containing up to three monomers. The one‐bond and two‐bond SSCCs for several intramolecular (through covalent bond) and intermolecular (across the hydrogen‐bond) atomic pairs are calculated employing the density functional theory with B3LYP and KT3 functionals and different types of extended basis sets. The ab initio SOPPA(CCSD) is used as benchmark for the SSCCs of the glycine monomer. The hydrogen bonding is found to cause significant variations in the one‐bond SSCCs, mostly due to contribution from electronic interactions. However, the nature of variation depends on the type of oxygen atom (proton‐acceptor or proton‐donor) present in the interaction. Two‐bond intermolecular coupling constants vary more than the corresponding one‐bond constants when the size of the cluster increases. Among the four Ramsey terms that constitute the total SSCC, the FC term is the most dominant contributor followed by the paramagnetic spin‐orbit term in all one‐bond interaction.
Screening of the Structure of Americium Extractants Based on a 2,2’‐Bipyridyl Scaffold: a Simple Way to a N2,O2‐Tetradentate Ligands Library for Rational Design of An/Ln Extractants
Authors: Borisova Nataliya E. , Ivanov Alexey V. , Matveev Petr I. , Smirnova Anastasiya A. , Belova Elena V. , Kalmykov Stepan N. , Myasoedov Boris F. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractA library of N‐ethylanilides of 2,2′‐bipyridine‐6,6′‐dicarboxylic acids were synthesized to evaluate the influence of the side chains on the extraction properties. The structure of the various diamides is studied in solid state by X‐ray and in solution by 2D NMR. In the solid‐state, the diamides featured flat Cs geometry irrespective of the nature and position of the substituents. Carboxylic groups in the crystals shifted from the residing planes of both pyridine and aromatic anilide rings indicating disruption of the conjugated system. The solution behaviour is substituent dependent. Only three types of relative orientations of amidic fragments and pyridine rings were found in solutions of diamides depending on the nature of the amidic side chain substituents. The conformations of the diamides mostly depended on the size of the substituent and less on their electronic properties. Solubility of the diamides and their metal extraction properties in relation to americium and europium ions were studied the diamides, bearing substituents in pyridine rings and in phenyl ring of diamide moiety (one or two alkyl‐, alkoxy‐, fluorine‐, carboxylic‐groups). The symmetrical substitution in the pyridine moiety critically diminished both solubility and metal extraction. Metal ions recovery strongly depended on the substitution in the anilidic moiety; distribution coefficients depended more on the spatial arrangement of the substituents and to a lesser extent on their electronic properties.
A Unique Blend of Water, DES and Ultrasound for One‐Pot Knorr Pyrazole Synthesis and Knoevenagel‐Michael Addition Reaction
Authors: Kamble Sujit S. , Shankarling Ganapati S. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractA simple and convenient method for the tandem synthesis of 4, 4‐(arylmethylene)‐bis‐(3‐methyl‐1‐phenyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐5‐ol)s via 3‐methyl‐1‐phenyl‐5‐pyrazolone from aldehyde, phenyl hydrazine and ethyl acetoacetate using combination of Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) and ultrasound in water is described. Shorter reaction time, easy work up and comparably good yield of desired product are crucial features. One pot Knorr synthesis and Knovenagel‐Michael reaction and use of water as solvent make this methodology an alternative to the other approaches. The advantage of applying ultrasound is, it reduces required time and temperature for reaction with improved yield. The DES and water used here recycled five times without considerable loss of activity.
Allocation of Expenditures in Elderly Households and the Cost of Widowhood
Authors: Burkhard Daniel 
Published: February 2018

Summary
Widowhood and retirement change the economie environment of elderly households. While retirement changes income and expenditure patterns, widowhood fundamentally changes the structure of the household. Besides high non-monetary cost of losing the partner, resources are no longer shared and economies of scale arising from joint consumption are lost. This paper applies a collective household model to expenditure data on elderly households in Switzerland. The findings suggest that 44% of household resources are assigned to wives and both spouses save roughly 27% or, on average, 800 Swiss Francs on monthly expenditures relative to living apart. Estimates of indifference scales indicate that men suffer a financial loss after losing their wife, while widowed women do not.