bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification and gene cloning of a male‐sterile mutant Oswbc11 in rice
Authors: Xuan Changqing , Liu Yaping , Liu Chengjie , Lusuwi Lewis Bongani‐Tafadzwa , Fu Xiaojin , Chen Xifeng , Ma Bojun 
Published: February 2019

AbstractCommercial application of nuclear genetic male sterility has been improved recently by a novel technique, Seed Production Technology (SPT), which incorporates transgenic maintainer lines capable of propagating non‐transgenic nuclear male‐sterile lines for use as female parents in hybrid production. Here, we identified a rice nuclear male‐sterile mutant, Oswbc11, with abnormal pollen development and lipid transport. We finely mapped the Oswbc11 gene into a 12.5‐kb region on chromosome 10 and found one candidate gene, which had a base substitution (C to T) resulting in a premature stop codon and was functionally confirmed by CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Gene OsWBC11 encodes a sub‐family member of adenosine triphosphate‐binding cassette transporter, which participates in the active transport of a wide range of molecules across membranes. Moreover, the agronomic traits of Oswbc11 mutants showed no significant differences compared to the wild‐type control except for the seed setting rate. These results indicated that Oswbc11 gene could be used in rice hybrid breeding as a recessive nuclear male‐sterile gene combined with CRISPR/Cas9 and the SPT technology and applied in different rice varieties.
Age‐typical changes in neural reward response are moderated by maternal anhedonia
Authors: Luking Katherine R. , Infantolino Zachary P. , Nelson Brady D. , Hajcak Greg 
Published: February 2019

AbstractReward response and mood disorders both increase during adolescence. Here, we investigate whether age and gonadal hormone levels relate to neural response to win and loss feedback in 9‐ to 14‐year‐old girls and whether such relations are moderated by maternal anhedonia, a factor linked to psychopathology risk and reward response. Psychiatrically healthy daughters of mothers who did not meet criteria for any current DSM‐5 disorder or past anxiety/depression diagnosis (N = 69) completed a monetary fMRI guessing task and provided saliva samples for gonadal hormone assay. Voxelwise regressions revealed unique quadratic effects of age and linear effects of gonadal hormones; neither effect was explained by reported puberty. Striatal/insular responses to win/loss feedback peaked between 12 and 13 years, whereas estradiol predicted greater response to wins versus losses within the medial prefrontal cortex, concurrently. Maternal anhedonia specifically moderated the quadratic effect of age within dorsolateral striatum and insula. Daughters of mothers reporting greater anhedonia showed an earlier peak in striatal/insular response to reward and loss feedback. As such, maternal anhedonia predicted blunted striatal/insular response to feedback only in older daughters. A similar pattern was observed for daughters of mothers with lifetime depression in exploratory analyses. These cross‐sectional findings suggest that familial anhedonia may relate to altered trajectories of reward responding during adolescence and that these effects are specific to age.
How Structural Variations in Collaborative Governance Networks Influence Advocacy Involvement and Outcomes
Authors: Mosley Jennifer E. , Jarpe Meghan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractCollaborative governance is intended to solve complex problems and promote democratic outcomes by connecting ground‐level stakeholders with government. In order for these goals to be met, however, participants must have meaningful influence and opportunities for voice. Using national survey data from Continuums of Care (CoCs) mandated by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, this article investigates what structural characteristics of collaborative governance networks are related to promoting stakeholder inclusion and voice through policy advocacy involvement. Specifically, it investigates which network characteristics are associated with (1) the frequency of advocacy involvement by the network, (2) providers' engagement in and influence over that advocacy, and (3) the CoC having stronger relationships with policy makers. Findings show significant relationships between greater network capacity and network advocacy, and between network governance structure and provider engagement and influence in that advocacy. Networks have stronger relationships with policy makers when providers are more engaged, providers have more influence, network capacity is higher, and direct advocacy tactics are used.
In vivo probe‐based confocal laser endomicroscopy in chronic interstitial lung diseases: Specific descriptors and correlation with chest CT
Authors: Salaün Mathieu , Guisier Florian , Dominique Stéphane , Genevois Anne , Jounieaux Vincent , Bergot Emmanuel , Thill Caroline , Piton Nicolas , Thiberville Luc 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTBackground and objectiveProbe‐based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE) enables in vivo microimaging of the distal lung, during bronchoscopy. This study aims at identifying pCLE descriptors of chronic interstitial lung diseases (ILD), their correlations with chest HRCT and assessing inter‐observer agreement.MethodspCLE was performed in 21 healthy volunteers (HV) and 59 non‐smoking ILD patients, including 19 patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) or asbestosis, 15 with connective tissue disease‐associated ILD (CTD‐ILD), 17 with sarcoidosis and 8 with hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP). pCLE descriptors were identified in ILD on the basis of comparison with HV.ResultsNine pCLE descriptors were more frequent in ILD compared to HV, with good inter‐observer agreement, including fluorescent bronchiolar cells (sarcoidosis, CTD‐ILD and HP), fluorescent alveolar cells (CTD‐ILD and HP), small alveolar entrance rings (IPF or asbestosis and CTD‐ILD), enlarged axial elastic fibres (IPF or asbestosis), septal fibres (IPF or asbestosis, CTD‐ILD and HP), disorganized acinar network and rigid acinar network (IPF or asbestosis and CTD‐ILD), dense elastic network (IPF or asbestosis) and alveolar fluorescent nodular structures (in sarcoidosis) (P < 0.01, Fisher's exact test, all comparisons). The distribution of nodules on computed tomography (CT) appeared to correlate with pCLE alveolar nodular structures, rigid acinar network and septal fibres, while reticulations were associated with septal fibres and disorganized or dense acinar network; ground‐glass opacities on CT with small alveolar entrances, rigid elastic network and septal fibres; and honeycombing with septal fibres.ConclusionIn the four groups of ILD studied, 9 pCLE descriptors are described, which appear specific and reproducible, and correlate with chest HRCT patterns.
20 Years of Indian Gaming: Reassessing and Still Winning
Authors: Conner Thaddieus W. , Franklin Aimee L. 
Published: February 2019

ObjectiveIn this article, we establish the most recent 10‐year and 20‐year impacts of Indian gaming related to income and employment for persons living on tribal lands.MethodsWe use 1990, 2000, and 2010 U.S. Census data for 361 native nations in the 48 contiguous states.ResultsWe find that Indian gaming continues to have a meaningful impact on income, labor force participation, and unemployment between 1990 and 2010 in tribal areas, both for American Indians as well as persons of all races. A second finding is that gaming tribes with per capita payment plans account for the greatest share of improvements. Finally, the decadal impacts between 2000 and 2010 reveal a diminished trajectory suggesting effects related to increased competition and the effects of the Great Recession.ConclusionIndian gaming has improved living conditions for Indians and all persons residing on tribal lands. When comparing the experience between the first decade and the second decade since Indian gaming was introduced, Class III gaming improvements in the living conditions on Indian lands persisted, but on a flatter trajectory than in the prior decade. Future research is needed to disentangle the endogenous and exogenous effects that may signal a shifting landscape in the Indian gaming industry.
Caregiver socioemotional health as a determinant of child well‐being in school‐aged and adolescent Ugandan children with and without perinatal HIV exposure
Authors: Webster Kyle D. , de Bruyn Miko M. , Zalwango Sarah K. , Sikorskii Alla , Barkin Jennifer L. , Familiar‐Lopez Itziar , Musoke Philippa , Giordani Bruno , Boivin Michael J. , Ezeamama Amara E. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveCaregiver socio‐emotional attributes are major determinants of child well‐being. This investigation in vulnerable school‐aged Ugandan children estimates relationships between children's well‐being and their caregiver's anxiety, depression and social support.MethodsPerinatally HIV‐infected, HIV‐exposed uninfected and HIV‐unexposed Ugandan children and their caregivers were enrolled. Perinatal HIV status was determined by 18 months of age using DNA‐polymerase chain‐reaction test; status was confirmed via HIV rapid diagnostic test when children were 6–18 years old. Five indicators of child well‐being (distress, hopelessness, positive future orientation, esteem and quality of life (QOL)) and caregivers’ socioemotional status (depressive symptoms, anxiety and social support) were measured using validated, culturally adapted and translated instruments. Categories based on tertiles of each caregiver psychosocial indicator were defined. Linear regression analyses estimated percent differences (β) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) for child well‐being in relation to caregiver's psychosocial status.ResultsAs per tertile increment, caregiver anxiety was associated with 2.7% higher distress (95%CI:0.2%, 5.3%) and lower self‐esteem/QOL (β = −1.3%/−2.6%; 95%CI: −5.0%,‐0.2%) in their children. Child distress/hopelessness increased (β = 3.3%/7.6%; 95%CI:0.4%, 14.7%) and self‐esteem/QOL decreased 2.3% (β = −2.3%/−4.4%; 95%CI: −7.2%, −1.3%) as per tertile increment in caregiver depression. Higher caregiver social support was associated with lower distress and higher positive outlook (β = 3%; 95%CI:1.4%, 4.5%) in their children. HIV‐infected/exposed children had most caregiver depression‐related QOL deficit (β = −5.2%/−6.8%; 95%CI: −12.4%, −0.2%) and HIV‐unexposed children had most caregiver social support‐related enhancements in positive outlook (β=4.5%; 95%CI:1.9%, 7.1%).ConclusionsCaregiver anxiety, depressive symptoms and low social support were associated with worse well‐being in school‐aged and adolescent children. Improvement of caregiver mental health and strengthening caregiver social support systems may be a viable strategy for improving well‐being of vulnerable children and adolescents in this setting.
Functional analysis of novel RHD variants: splicing disruption is likely to be a common mechanism of variant D phenotype
Authors: Raud Loann , Ka Chandran , Gourlaouen Isabelle , Callebaut Isabelle , Férec Claude , Le Gac Gérald , Fichou Yann 
Published: February 2019

BACKGROUNDWe previously showed that several variations in the RHD gene, including synonymous changes, can be classified as splice site variants and may play a direct role in D variant phenotype expression. We sought to extend our study to additional candidates, notably in the first and last exons of the gene, by engineering a novel universal splice reporting vector, i.e., minigene.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSOur previous plasmid construct was modified to allow subcloning of any exon(s) of interest for assessing effect of variations on splicing. Seventeen novel and/or uncharacterized variations of the RHD gene were selected for the study and tested in our novel model.RESULTSWe engineered and validated a novel universal minigene for assessing virtually any variations of interest for splicing defect. Of the 17 variants tested in the novel model, 11 were shown to alter splicing either totally or partially, including the silent c.1065C>T variation, which induces major skipping of exon 7, and may therefore be responsible for reducing D antigen expression. We also showed that while all three missense variations c.1154G>C, c.1154G>T, and c.1154G>A in exon 9 are splice site variants, splicing is differentially altered and D‐negative phenotype observed in the presence of the latter substitution is likely due to a defect in RhD protein folding.CONCLUSIONOverall, we hypothesize that splicing alteration is likely to be a common mechanism of D phenotype variation that has been underestimated so far. Further large‐scale studies are necessary to demonstrate this statement definitely.
A case of hemophagocytic syndrome progressing into large granular lymphoma in a dog
Authors: Akiyoshi Makoto , Hisasue Masaharu , Neo Sakurako , Akiyoshi Masami , Goto‐Koshino Yuko 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA 12‐year‐old castrated male mixed breed dog was presented with anorexia, lethargy, intermittent vomiting, diarrhea, and weight loss. Clinicopathologic and imaging abnormalities included pancytopenia, icterus, and splenomegaly with multiple minute hypoechogenic nodules. Bone marrow (BM) smears revealed 2.5% hemophagocytic macrophages. In addition, an increased number of small to intermediate lymphocytes (16.3%) and plasma cells (3.2%) were recognized in the BM smears. More than 80% of the lymphocytes contained multiple small intracytoplasmic magenta granules. Histopathologic findings of the spleen revealed hemophagocytosis. Large granular lymphocytes (LGLs) were not found on the liver cytology or splenic histopathology at this time. PCR for antigen receptor rearrangement (PARR) analysis showed a clonal reaction in the T‐cell receptor ɤ (TCRɤ) gene in the BM sample. The dog was diagnosed with hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS). The dog was maintained in good condition with immunosuppressive therapy. However, the dog developed hepatic LGL lymphoma 7 months later. At this time, PARR analysis showed a clonal TCRɤ gene rearrangement in the hepatic LGL lymphoma samples. The BM and liver sample clonal rearrangements showed 100% homology, indicating that the small to intermediate granular lymphocytes in the BM at the HPS stage had progressed to hepatic LGL lymphoma. To our knowledge, this is the first report of canine secondary HPS caused by the occurrence of a BM LGL lymphoma clone that progressed to hepatic LGL lymphoma.
Reconstruction of water balance components using tree‐ring proxy records
Authors: Sane Iman , Saghafian Bahram , Hassanjabbar Amin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractLong‐term hydrological data are important elements in water resource planning and management. The hydrometric data record period in Iran varies from a few years to about 60 years; generally inadequate for long‐term planning. Reconstruction of meteorological data using tree‐ring proxy records is a viable technique in extending meteorological data in the past (i.e. backcasting). This study reconstructed the precipitation and temperature data based on the tree‐ring proxy records over the 1710–2000 period in Kermanshah Province, Iran. Furthermore, using WASMOD water balance model, streamflow and other hydrological water balance components were reconstructed. In the study basin, the average monthly streamflows were determined as 6.25, 5.56 and 5.50 mm for the eighteenth, nineteenth and twentieth centuries, respectively. While the eighteenth century was the wettest, in nineteenth and twentieth centuries the streamflow reduced by an average of 14% compared to that of the eighteenth century.
Characteristics of coconut frond as a potential feedstock for biochar via slow pyrolysis
Authors: Mohamad Aziz Nur Syairah , Shariff Adilah , Abdullah Nurhayati , Mohamed Noor Nurhidayah 
Published: February 2019

The aim of this study is to investigate the potential of coconut frond as a feedstock for biochar production via slow pyrolysis process. Proximate, elemental and thermogravimetric analysis were performed to evaluate the chemical and thermal properties of the coconut frond. The percentage of its lignocellulosic component and high heating value were determined. Surface morphology of coconut frond was examined using field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). Coconut frond (CF) contains 78.03±3.91 d.b. wt% of volatile matter, 4.96±0.07 d.b. wt% of ash content and 17.01±3.86 d.b. wt% of fixed carbon. Elemental analysis revealed a sulfur content of 0.94±0.12 %, while the percentage of nitrogen is 0.46±0.33%. The composition of carbon and hydrogen are 34.0±6.22 % and 7.71±0.34 % respectively. The high heating value of CF is 17.77±0.40 MJ/kg. CF consists of 43.91±1.80 % cellulose, 31.58±1.20 % hemicellulose, and 18.15±0.60 % lignin. From thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, it is apparent that the weight loss of CF occurred prominently in the temperature range 200°C - 400°C. The peaks of the DTG curve at 281.75±0.35 °C and 334.08±0.35°C indicate the weight loss of coconut frond sample due to the degradation of hemicellulose and cellulose, respectively. The FESEM images of CF show its fibrous strands are compact with a few large pores with diameters around 42.5 - 48.1 μm large pores in the center of the CF sample. The results of the analysis show that CF has a potential as a feedstock for biochar production via slow pyrolysis. CF also can be used in other application such as syngas and bio-oil production due to the low lignin percentage and high volatile percentage.
Health services utilisation and responsiveness profiles in Iran: a provincial household study
Authors: Farahbakhsh Mostafa , Sadeghi Bazargani Homayoun , Saadati Mohammad , Tabrizi Jafar Sadegh , Golestani Mina , Zakery Akram 
Published: February 2019

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to describe health services utilisation and responsiveness in East Azerbaijan province, Iran.DesignA cross-sectional household study as part of a larger research on primary healthcare system.SettingWe carried out the study in East Azerbaijan Province, northwest Iran from July to September 2015.ParticipantsA total of 1318 households were included.ResultsMost of the participating households had social security health insurance. Heart failure or hypertension care, general outpatient care and arthritis care were the most used services. High services cost and inadequate medicine and medical equipment were introduced to be the main barriers to health services utilisation in Tabriz and province representative sample (PRS), respectively. Health system responsiveness mean score (the maximum is 100) was 33.71±16.15 (95% CI 32.45 to 34.97) in Tabriz and 32.02±14.3 (95% CI 30.9 to 33.13) in PRS, which showed significant difference (p≤0.02).ConclusionsDifferences in the utilisation and responsiveness of health services and distribution of health resources were observed between Tabriz and PRS. Evidently, health system responsiveness in both Tabriz and PRS was at low level. The results demonstrate the need for changing resource distribution policies and employing reactive health policies to response the public health.
Real-time automatic detection system increases colonoscopic polyp and adenoma detection rates: a prospective randomised controlled study
Authors: Wang Pu , Berzin Tyler M , Glissen Brown Jeremy Romek , Bharadwaj Shishira , Becq Aymeric , Xiao Xun , Liu Peixi , Li Liangping , Song Yan , Zhang Di , Li Yi , Xu Guangre , Tu Mengtian , Liu Xiaogang 
Published: February 2019

ObjectiveThe effect of colonoscopy on colorectal cancer mortality is limited by several factors, among them a certain miss rate, leading to limited adenoma detection rates (ADRs). We investigated the effect of an automatic polyp detection system based on deep learning on polyp detection rate and ADR.DesignIn an open, non-blinded trial, consecutive patients were prospectively randomised to undergo diagnostic colonoscopy with or without assistance of a real-time automatic polyp detection system providing a simultaneous visual notice and sound alarm on polyp detection. The primary outcome was ADR.ResultsOf 1058 patients included, 536 were randomised to standard colonoscopy, and 522 were randomised to colonoscopy with computer-aided diagnosis. The artificial intelligence (AI) system significantly increased ADR (29.1%vs20.3%, p<0.001) and the mean number of adenomas per patient (0.53vs0.31, p<0.001). This was due to a higher number of diminutive adenomas found (185vs102; p<0.001), while there was no statistical difference in larger adenomas (77vs58, p=0.075). In addition, the number of hyperplastic polyps was also significantly increased (114vs52, p<0.001).ConclusionsIn a low prevalent ADR population, an automatic polyp detection system during colonoscopy resulted in a significant increase in the number of diminutive adenomas detected, as well as an increase in the rate of hyperplastic polyps. The cost–benefit ratio of such effects has to be determined further.Trial registration numberChiCTR-DDD-17012221; Results.
Matricidal cavernous aneurysms: a multicenter case series
Authors: Dacus Mallory R , Nickele Chris , Welch Babu G , Ban Vin Shen , Ringer Andrew J , Kim Louis J , Levitt Michael R , Lanzino Giuseppe , Kan Peter , Arthur Adam S 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundCavernous carotid artery aneurysms (CCAs) represent a unique subset of intracranial aneurysms due to their distinct natural history and the anatomy of the cavernous sinus. Enlarging CCAs can cause elastic compression of the parent internal carotid artery (ICA). We suggest defining aneurysms that cause luminal stenosis of their parent vessels as ‘matricidal aneurysms.’Though many patients are asymptomatic, presenting symptoms of CCAs include ophthalmoplegia with resulting diplopia, vision changes, pain, ptosis, facial numbness, and cavernous-carotid fistula. Less commonly, patients with CCAs can present with epistaxis, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and—in cases of matricidal aneurysms—ischemia due to stenosis. The proper management of stenosis caused by a matricidal CCA is not well established and may not be intuitive.MethodsWe present a multicenter retrospective case series of patients with matricidal CCAs.ResultsForty patients with matricidal aneurysms presented with both asymptomatic and symptomatic stenosis. These patients were either treated with conservative medical management, coiling, flow diversion, or endovascular sacrifice of the parent artery. Planned treatment modalities were not executed in 11 cases (28% treatment failure rate). Presenting symptoms, patient outcomes, and follow-up data are presented for all cases.ConclusionMatricidal aneurysms require careful consideration and planning. The restricted anatomy of the cavernous sinus can make successful execution of endovascular interventions more difficult. Direct elastic compression of the parent artery does not respond to angioplasty and stenting in the same way atherosclerotic stenosis does. Because of this, planning for the possibility of parent vessel sacrifice is important.