bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Population‐level evaluation of complications after catheter ablation in patients with atrial fibrillation and heart failure
Authors: Samuel Michelle , Abrahamowicz Michal , Joza Jacqueline , Pilote Louise , Essebag Vidal 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIntroductionCatheter ablation (CA) has been increasingly used to treat atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with heart failure (HF), however, its safety at the population‐level has not yet been evaluated. To assess the safety of CA in AF‐HF patients, the frequency and potential risk factors for adverse events (AEs) within 30 days post‐CA were determined.MethodsA population‐based cohort of AF‐HF patients who underwent CA in Quebec, Canada (2000‐2017) was constructed using administrative databases. Major AEs included all‐cause mortality, cerebrovascular accident (CVA), pericardial effusion requiring drainage (PERD), vascular AEs, hemorrhage/hematoma, and pulmonary embolism. Univariate logistic regression models were employed to assess potential risk factors for major AEs.ResultsOf 700 AF‐HF patients who underwent CA (median age 64.5 years [interquartile range, IQR, 56.2‐71.0], 22.0% female, and median CHA2DS2‐Vasc 3 [IQR, 2‐4]), 14 (2.0%) patients developed 16 major AEs within 30 days of CA. Hemorrhage/hematoma was the most frequent major AE (four patients; 0.6%) followed by all‐cause mortality, CVA/TIA, PERD, and vascular AEs (three patients each; 0.4%). Coronary artery disease (odds ratio [OR], 3.9 [95% confidence interval, CI, 1.2‐12.3]) and age ≥65 years (OR, 3.1 [95% CI, 1.1‐9.8]) were identified predictors for the composite outcome of major AEs. More than half of the patients (57.2%) underwent a second CA within a median of 0.8 (IQR, 0.2‐2.2) years from the date of first CA.ConclusionCA performed in the AF‐HF population portends a relatively low incidence of major AEs. A larger study is required to determine whether certain patient factors are independently associated with a higher risk of post‐CA AEs.
Our approach to persistent atrial fibrillation in the setting of pulmonary vein isolation
Authors: Richardson Travis , Michaud Gregory F. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn patients with persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) despite durable pulmonary vein isolation, there are a variety of approaches to further ablation. Here we summarize our strategy in this population. In brief, our approach is to isolate the posterior wall, ablate the coronary sinus musculature and left lateral ridge, complete a lateral mitral line, and achieve cavotricuspid isthmus block. Subsequently, we target organized atrial flutters and if AF persists, we ablate areas of long, fractionated electrograms within scarred regions. We administer isuprel in patients with a presentation consistent with triggered atrial fibrillation (low scar burden, paroxysms of AF).
SARI suppresses colitis‐associated cancer development by maintaining MCP‐1‐mediated tumour‐associated macrophage recruitment
Authors: Dai Lei , Liu Yi , Yin Yuan , Li Junshu , Dong Zhexu , Chen Na , Cheng Lin , Wang Huiling , Fang Chao , Lin Yi , Shi Gang , Zhang Hantao , Fan Ping , Su Xiaolan , Zhang Shuang , Yang Yang , Yang Lie , Huang Wei , Zhou Zongguang , Yu Dechao , Deng Hongxin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSARI (suppressor of AP‐1, regulated by IFN) impaired tumour growth by promoting apoptosis and inhibiting cell proliferation and tumour angiogenesis in various cancers. However, the role of SARI in regulating tumour‐associated inflammation microenvironment is still elusive. In our study, the colitis‐dependent and ‐independent primary model were established in SARI deficiency mice and immuno‐reconstructive mice to investigate the functional role of SARI in regulating tumour‐associated inflammation microenvironment and primary colon cancer formation. The results have shown that SARI deficiency promotes colitis‐associated cancer (CAC) development only in the presence of colon inflammation. SARI inhibited tumour‐associated macrophages (TAM) infiltration in colon tissues, and SARI deficiency in bone marrow cells has no observed role in the promotion of intestinal tumorigenesis. Mechanism investigations indicated that SARI down‐regulates p‐STAT1 and STAT1 expression in colon cancer cells, following inhibition of MCP‐1/CCR2 axis activation during CAC development. Inverse correlations between SARI expression and macrophage infiltration, MCP‐1 expression and p‐STAT1 expression were also demonstrated in colon malignant tissues. Collectively, our results prove the inhibition role of SARI in colon cancer formation through regulating TAM infiltration.
Foraging niche separation of social wasps in an invaded area: Implications for their management
Authors: Masciocchi Maité , Unelius Carl Rikard , Buteler Micaela 
Published: October 2019

AbstractForaging niche separation may be a mechanism to promote coexistence of two competing species by concentrating intraspecific competition relative to interspecific competition. The present study investigated foraging behaviour and microhabitat use of two coexisting species of invasive social wasps,Vespula germanicaandVespula vulgaris,when foraging for two different food resources. Also, we tested the attractiveness of traps baited with a synthetic lure for those two species. We found thatV. germanicawasps prefer to forage at ground level regardless of the resource, whileV. vulgarisprefers protein resources at the shrubland level given a choice between a protein bait at ground or at shrubland level. However, when baited with the synthetic lure, the species caught was not affected by the height at which traps were placed. That is, in a no choice scenario, the traps were sufficiently attractive to lure both species of wasps to both microhabitats (ground and shrubland levels). Thus, our results support the existence of spatial niche differentiation at least in protein foraging and suggest that the synthetic lure evaluated could be used to trap both species ofVespulawasps present in Argentina. These results could help to improve management strategies of these social wasps in an invaded area.
Predictors of Hip Fracture Despite Treatment with Bisphosphonates among Frail Older Adults
Authors: Zullo Andrew R. , Sorial Mark N. , Lee Yoojin , Lary Christine W. , Kiel Douglas P. , Berry Sarah D. 
Published: October 2019

OBJECTIVESBisphosphonates are effective at preventing hip fractures among older adults, yet many patients still fracture while on treatment and may benefit from additional preventive interventions. Little data are specifically available to target such efforts among bisphosphonate users. We aimed to identify predictors of hip fracture unique to frail older adults initiating pharmacologic treatment for osteoporosis.DESIGNRetrospective cohort using 2008‐2013 linked national Minimum Data Set assessments, Medicare claims, and nursing home (NH) facility data.SETTINGNHs in the United States.PARTICIPANTSLong‐stay NH residents 65 years or older who initiated treatment with a bisphosphonate (N = 17 753). Estimates for bisphosphonate initiators were contrasted with those for calcitonin initiators (control group; N = 5348).MEASUREMENTSHospitalized hip fracture outcomes were measured using Part A claims. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated for 36 a priori selected potential predictors.RESULTSThe mean (SD) age of the study population was 84 (8) years, 85% were women, and 51% had moderate to severe cognitive impairment. Predictors associated with a higher risk of hip fracture despite bisphosphonate use included age 75 years or older to 85 years (vs ≥65 to <75 y; HR = 1.25; 95% CI = 1.02‐1.55), female sex (HR = 1.33; 95% CI = 1.06‐1.67), white race (vs black race (HR = 1.87; 95% CI = 1.36‐2.58), and body mass index = 18.5‐24.9 (vs ≥30; HR = 1.93; 95% CI = 1.53‐2.42). Independent ability to transfer (vs total dependence; HR = 3.11; 95% CI = 1.83‐5.30) and occasional urinary incontinence (vs frequent; HR = 1.45; 95% CI = 1.18‐1.78) were also important predictors. Dementia, diabetes, psychoactive drug use, and other characteristics were not associated with post‐prescribing hip fracture. Predictors did not differ between bisphosphonate and calcitonin users.CONCLUSIONPredictors of hip fracture among frail older adults did not differ between those who were new users of bisphosphonates vs calcitonin. Given the absence of risk factors unique to bisphosphonate users, targeting of fracture prevention efforts should extend beyond pharmacologic therapy to include existing nonpharmacologic therapies, particularly fall prevention strategies. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:256–260, 2020
Visualization of ultraviolet absorption distribution beyond the diffraction limit of light by electron‐beam excitation‐assisted optical microscope
Authors: INAMI W. , FUKUTA M. , KAWATA Y. , TERAKAWA S. 
Published: October 2019

SummaryWe demonstrated that the high spatial resolution absorption contrast imaging of the crystal of vitamin B9 has absorption at ultraviolet wavelengths. The absorption wavelength matches with the wavelength of the emission of the fluorescent thin film of an electron‐beam excitation‐assisted (EXA) optical microscope. The fine crystal structure was imaged beyond the optical diffraction limit. The image contrast corresponded with the thickness of the crystal. The illumination light is absorbed with the vitamin B9 crystal and the intensity of the transmitted light depends on the thickness of the vitamin B9 crystal. The EXA optical microscope is useful for analysis of growth of a crystal, bioimaging and so on.
Another sleepless night: Does a leader's poor sleep lead to subordinate's poor sleep? A spillover/crossover perspective
Authors: Tariq Hussain , Weng Qingxiong (Derek) , Garavan Thomas Noel , Obaid Asfia , Hassan Waseem 
Published: October 2019

AbstractGiven the importance of sleep to an individual's health and well‐being, relatively little research has been conducted in the management and organizational behaviour literature on the relationship between sleep and work behaviour. Using spillover/crossover theory, we extended the current literature by investigating the possible supervisor–subordinate sleep relationship and introduced a serial mediation mechanism to answer how a supervisor's poor night's sleep translates into his/her subordinate's poor night's sleep. We conducted an experience sampling study involving 101 supervisors and subordinates over five consecutive working days (N = 505 occasions). Results verified that the spillover effect of supervisors’ poor sleep on their next‐day abusive supervisory behaviour has a crossover effect on their subordinates’ poor sleep. Finally, results indicated that subordinate's physical exercise has the capacity to mitigate the influence of abusive supervision on subordinate’ poor sleep. Future research should continue to examine the supervisor–subordinate sleep relationship and identify interventions in both the work and non‐work domains of supervisor and subordinates as avenues for improving sleep health.
Slow‐wave activity preceding the onset of 10–15‐Hz sleep spindles and 5–9‐Hz oscillations in electroencephalograms in rats with and without absence seizures
Authors: Sitnikova Evgenia , Grubov Vadim , Hramov Alexander E. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCortico‐thalamocortical networks generate sleep spindles and slow waves during non‐rapid eye movement sleep, as well as paroxysmal spike‐wave discharges (i.e. electroencephalogram manifestation of absence epilepsy) and 5–9‐Hz oscillations in genetic rat models (i.e. pro‐epileptic activity). Absence epilepsy is a disorder of the thalamocortical network. We tested a hypothesis that absence epilepsy associates with changes in the slow‐wave activity before the onset of sleep spindles and pro‐epileptic 5–9‐Hz oscillations. The study was performed in the WAG/Rij genetic rat model of absence epilepsy and Wistar rats at the age of 9–12 months. Electroencephalograms were recorded with epidural electrodes from the anterior cortex. Sleep spindles (10–15 Hz), 5–9‐Hz oscillations and their slow‐wave (2–7 Hz) precursors were automatically detected and analysed using continuous wavelet transform. Subjects with electroencephalogram seizures (the “epileptic” phenotype) and without seizure activity (the “non‐epileptic” phenotype) were identified in both strains. It was found that time–amplitude features of sleep spindles and 5–9‐Hz oscillations were similar in both rat strains and in both phenotypes. Sleep spindles in “epileptic” rats were more often preceded by the slow‐wave (~4 Hz) activity than in “non‐epileptic” rats. The intrinsic frequency of slow‐wave precursors of sleep spindles and 5–9‐Hz oscillations in “epileptic” rats was 1–1.5 Hz higher than in “non‐epileptic” rats. In general, our results indicated that absence epilepsy associated with: (a) the reinforcement of slow waves immediately prior to normal sleep spindles; and (b) weakening of amplitude growth in transition “slow wave → spindle/5–9‐Hz oscillation”.
Effect of probiotic Enterococcus faecium SF68 on liver function in healthy dogs
Authors: Lucena Rosario , Novales Manuel , Blanco Beatriz , Hernández Eduardo , Ginel Pedro José 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundProbiotics are widely used in dogs but can be associated with alterations in some serum biochemistry test results.ObjectiveTo assess the effect of Enterococcus faecium SF68 administration for 14 days on serum alanine transferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in healthy dogs.AnimalsThirty‐six healthy privately owned neutered dogs were randomly allocated, stratified by sex, to control or probiotic groups. Dogs were clinically healthy, with normal physical examination findings, blood, urine, and fecal analyses and ultrasonographic examinations.MethodIn this blinded, controlled study E. faecium SF68 was administered to the probiotic group for 14 days. Blood samples were taken from all dogs at days 0, 14, and 28. Serum ALT and ALP activity and total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were determined on these 3 days.ResultsThe probiotic induced no significant changes in mean ALT and ALP activity. Mean cholesterol concentration did not change during probiotic administration but a significant decrease was seen on day 28 (P < .01). Mean triglyceride concentration increased progressively, becoming significant at day 28 (P < .05), with 1 dog developing hypertriglyceridemia.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceE. faecium SF68 would not create confusion when monitoring dogs with hepatobiliary disease because ALT and ALP activity did not change significantly. A significant decrease in cholesterol and significant increase in triglyceride concentrations were seen at day 28 but were not clinically relevant, with 1 dog showing hypertriglyceridemia. A longer trial is warranted to assess if the probiotic effects could be clinically relevant and to assess its potential use in hypertriglyceridemic dogs.
Pathways of hepatic and renal damage through non‐classical activation of the renin‐angiotensin system in chronic liver disease
Authors: Sansoè Giovanni , Aragno Manuela , Wong Florence 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn liver cirrhosis, renin‐angiotensin system (RAS) activation sustains renal sodium retention and hepatic fibrogenesis. New information has recently enlivened the traditional concept of RAS. For instance, renin and prorenin bind their ubiquitous receptors, resulting in the local production of angiotensin (Ang) II; increased serum calcium and calcimimetic agents, through stimulation of extracellular calcium‐sensing receptors (CaSR), blunt renin production and lead to natriuretic effects in human and experimental cirrhosis. Alongside systemic production, there is Ang II tissue production within various organs through RAS enzymes different from angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE), that is chymase, tissue plasminogen activator and several cathepsins. In experimental cirrhosis, inhibition of chymase leads to natriuretic and hepatic antifibrotic effects, without changes in systemic haemodynamics. In the kidney, local RAS coordinates proximal and distal tubular sodium reabsorption. However, renalase, whose plasma and tissue levels are severely altered in experimental cirrhosis, degrades systemic and renal tubule catecholamines, antagonizing the effects of renal RAS. Angiotensinogen‐derived natriuretic and vasodilating peptides (Ang1‐9, Ang1‐7, Ang3‐8) and their receptors have been described. Receptor agonists or antagonists are available to affect portal hypertension and sodium retention in cirrhosis. ACE2‐dependent generation of Ang1‐7 may inhibit experimental liver fibrosis. inhibition of Ang1‐7 clearance by means of neprilysin blockade has portal hypotensive and natriuretic effects. Ang1‐12, whose production renin does not regulate, is converted to several different angiotensin peptides via chymase. Finally, Ang II behaves as either an antinatriuretic or a natriuretic agent, based on the tissue content of AT1R and AT2R receptors, their ratio being prone to pharmacological modulation.
Concrete bridge surface damage detection using a single‐stage detector
Authors: Zhang Chaobo , Chang Chih‐chen , Jamshidi Maziar 
Published: October 2019

AbstractEarly and timely detection of surface damages is important for maintaining the functionality, reliability, and safety of concrete bridges. Recent advancement in convolution neural network has enabled the development of deep learning‐based visual inspection techniques for detecting multiple structural damages. However, most deep learning‐based techniques are built on two‐stage, proposal‐driven detectors using less complex image data, which could be restricted for practical applications and possible integration within intelligent autonomous inspection systems. In this study, a faster, simpler single‐stage detector is proposed based on a real‐time object detection technique, You Only Look Once (YOLOv3), for detecting multiple concrete bridge damages. A field inspection images dataset labeled with four types of concrete damages (crack, pop‐out, spalling, and exposed rebar) is used for training and testing of YOLOv3. To enhance the detection accuracy, the original YOLOv3 is further improved by introducing a novel transfer learning method with fully pretrained weights from a geometrically similar dataset. Batch renormalization and focal loss are also incorporated to increase the accuracy. Testing results show that the improved YOLOv3 has a detection accuracy of up to 80% and 47% at the Intersection‐over‐Union (IoU) metrics of 0.5 and 0.75, respectively. It outperforms the original YOLOv3 and the two‐stage detector Faster Region‐based Convolutional Neural Network (Faster R‐CNN) with ResNet‐101, especially for the IoU metric of 0.75.
Clinical application of Aspergillus lateral flow device in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with classic risk factors for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis
Authors: Linder Kathleen A. , Kauffman Carol A. , Zhou Shiwei , Miceli Marisa H. 
Published: October 2019

SummaryBackgroundThe diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) remains challenging. We evaluated the performance characteristics of a newly formatted Aspergillus lateral flow test, AspLFD, in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid from patients with classic risk factors for IPA.MethodsProspectively banked BAL samples from 14 patients with proven or probable IPA defined by EORTC/MSG criteria and 28 BAL samples from age‐matched high‐risk patients without IPA were tested with AspLFD according to manufacturer's directions. Results were read by two independent observers, and test performance was calculated.ResultsAge, gender and underlying risk factors, except for neutropenia and haematological malignancy, were similar between IPA cases and controls. Seven patients (50%) in the IPA group received a mould‐active agent within 5 days prior to bronchoscopy compared with only three patients (11%) in the control group, P = .004. Of 14 patients with proven/probable IPA, AspLFD was positive in 3 and negative in 9; two tests yielded invalid results. All 28 control patients had a negative AspLFD test. AspLFD showed low sensitivity (25%, 95% CI: 5.5% to 57.2%), but high specificity (100%. (95% CI: 87.7% to 100%).ConclusionsA positive AspLFD test in BAL fluid of patients with classic risk factors for IPA could be useful to support the diagnosis of proven/probable IPA because of its high specificity. However, as a stand‐alone test for IPA, the use of AspLFD is limited by low sensitivity.
Interplay between REVEILLE1 and RGA‐LIKE2 regulates seed dormancy and germination in Arabidopsis
Authors: Yang Liwen , Jiang Zhimin , Liu Shuangrong , Lin Rongcheng 
Published: October 2019

Summary

Environmental light signal and GAs synergistically regulate seed dormancy and germination. The phytochrome B (phyB) photoreceptor regulates expression of the REVEILLE1 (RVE1) transcription factor, which directly inhibits GIBBERELLIN 3‐OXIDASE2 transcription, suppressing GA biosynthesis. However, whether phyB‐RVE1 coordinates with GA signaling in controlling seed dormancy and germination remains unknown.

Here, we demonstrate that RVE1 regulation of seed dormancy and germination requires a DELLA repressor, REPRESSOR OF GA‐LIKE2 (RGL2), in Arabidopsis thaliana.

RVE1 interacts with both RGL2 and its E3 ubiquitin ligase SLEEPY1 (SLY1) and promotes RGL2 stability by restraining the RGL2–SLY1 interaction. Furthermore, RVE1 and RGL2 synergistically regulate global transcriptome changes; RGL2 enhances the DNA‐binding capacity and transcriptional activity of RVE1 in regulating downstream gene expression. Moreover, RGL2 expression is repressed by phyB.

Our study reveals a novel regulatory mechanism in which the RVE1–RGL2 module coordinately controls seed dormancy and germination by integrating light perception, GA metabolism and GA signaling pathways.
Feedback processing in the context of social comparison
Authors: Valt Christian , Sprengeler Mona Katharina , Stürmer Birgit 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn many situations, social comparison calls for the evaluation of one´s own performance in relative terms by taking into account the performances of other people. Here, we investigated the effects of social comparison on performance monitoring with the help of ERPs. Two participants performed two identical experiments at the same time and in the same room. Instructions created a social context of cooperation by suggesting that participants were performing the same task for the maximization of a shared bonus. The experiment was a response‐choice task with two feedback signals presented in sequence after each response: one feedback described the personal performance (personal feedback) and one reflected the other participant's performance (nonpersonal feedback). In the present experiment, social comparison should induce interpretations of the second feedback in relative terms (e.g., “I performed better”) according to the quality of the first feedback. ERP results showed that the first nonpersonal feedback affected the fronto‐central P3 component (P3a) evoked by the second personal feedback but did not modulate the feedback‐related negativity (FRN). The P3a component evoked by the personal feedback was larger when the comparison against the preceding nonpersonal feedback signaled that the personal performance was worse than the other participant's performance. Interestingly, the effect was prominent over bilateral fronto‐central electrodes (FC3, FC4). The observed P3a effect might indicate the recruitment of attentional resources when the comparison between personal and nonpersonal performance shows that the personal performance was not as good as the performance of others.