bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid onset of action of calcipotriol/betamethasone dipropionate cutaneous foam in psoriasis, even in patients with more severe disease
Authors: Pink A.E. , Jalili A. , Berg P. , Calzavara‐Pinton P.G. , de la Cueva Dobao P. , Thaçi D. , Torpet M. , Jensen K.L. , Segaert S. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe effectiveness of topical therapies in psoriasis is dependent on, amongst other factors, patient adherence. Together with treatment effectiveness and reduction of symptoms, speed of onset and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) are important influencers of adherence.MethodsThis pooled analysis of three Phase II/III trials evaluated the efficacy of topical fixed‐dose combination calcipotriol 50 μg/g plus betamethasone dipropionate 0.5 mg/g cutaneous foam (Cal/BD foam) vs. foam vehicle at early timepoints in mild‐to‐severe psoriasis using clinically meaningful modified Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (mPASI) and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) targets.ResultsA greater proportion of Cal/BD‐foam‐ vs. foam‐vehicle‐treated patients achieved absolute mPASI targets 0 (15.1% vs. 1.0%), ≤1 (41.4% vs. 5.2%), ≤3 (78.5% vs. 29.2%) and ≤5 (90.2% vs. 62.5%) at week 4 (P < 0.001; all targets). Significant differences between Cal/BD‐foam‐ vs. foam‐vehicle‐treated patients were observed as early as week 1 in those achieving mPASI ≤1 (6.8% vs. 1.5%; P < 0.01), ≤3 (40.4% vs. 22.8%; P < 0.001) and ≤5 (69.7% vs. 50.8%; P < 0.001). In patients with more severe psoriasis (baseline mPASI >10), a greater proportion of Cal/BD‐foam‐ vs. foam‐vehicle‐treated patients achieved mPASI ≤1 (20.2% vs. 5.9%; P < 0.05), ≤3 (49.2% vs. 8.8%; P < 0.001) and ≤5 (63.7% vs. 26.5%; P < 0.001) at week 4. In patients with severely impaired HRQoL (baseline DLQI >10), a greater proportion of Cal/BD‐foam‐ vs. foam‐vehicle‐treated patients achieved target DLQI ≤1 or 0 (week 4: DLQI ≤1, 25.0% vs. 4%; P = 0.001; DLQI 0, 17.4% vs. 2.0%; P = 0.006).ConclusionWe report rapid onset of action and greater efficacy with Cal/BD foam vs. foam vehicle, even in patients with more severe psoriasis, manageable with topical treatments. This may support physician management of patient expectations and improve patient adherence, translating into overall topical treatment effectiveness.
Trading places: An experimental comparison of reallocation mechanisms for priority queuing
Authors: El Haji Anouar , Onderstal Sander 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn a laboratory experiment, we compare two auction mechanisms that are designed to improve a queue's efficiency by allowing customers to trade places. In the server‐initiated auction, the server, when idle, sells the right to be served next to the highest bidding customer in the queue and distributes the proceeds among the remaining customers. In the customer‐initiated auction, new arrivals can sequentially trade places with queued customers. We use two novel experimental protocols to examine the behavioral properties of both auction mechanisms. We find that both auction mechanisms improve a queue's efficiency on average and that both perform equally well in terms of efficiency gain. We also find evidence of the sunk‐cost effect but not of the endowment effect. Participants indicated that they found the server‐initiated auction a fairer mechanism than the customer‐initiated auction. When voting between the two auctions, the participants tended to favor the server‐initiated auction.
Cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and mutagenicity potential of ethanolic extract of Heracleum persicum Desf. ex Fischer
Authors: Amani Zahra , Gandomi Hassan , Akhondzadeh Basti Afshin , Derakhshandeh Abdollah , Noori Negin 
Published: March 2019

AbstractHeracleum persicum is a traditional medicinal plant with several pharmaceutical and food applications. There is no well‐documented information regarding the safety profile of this plant. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genotoxic, mutagenic, and cytotoxic potential of ethanolic extract of H. persicum (EEHP). The EEHP induced DNA damage at concentrations higher than 0.25 mg/mL. DNA damage index of the EEHP at dose of 10 mg/mL was 25 times greater than that in negative control. A dose dependent increase was found in tail moment by increasing the concentration of the extract. No statistically significant difference was seen in revertant Salmonella typhimurium colonies, with or without S9, between sub‐inhibitory concentrations of EEHP and negative control (p < 0.05). The results of the MTT assay revealed that treatment by different concentrations of EEHP caused 60 to 100% reduction in cell viability. The survival of the lymphocytes was negatively affected by EEHP concentrations higher than 1 mg/mL as evaluated by trypan blue assay. The results of this study showed genotoxicity and cytotoxicity potential of EEHP on human lymphocytes, effect of the EEHP exhibited in this work, further studies are needed to decide about the mutagenicity hazard of this medicinal plant.Practical applicationsHeracleum persicum is used as flavoring agent and for miscellaneous remedial purposes in Iranian traditional medicine. These widespread applications are based on the public belief that this plant is efficient and safe due to its traditional usage for long centuries. Besides many pharmacological properties, there is low information about the safety profile of this plant. The results of this study showed that ethanolic extract of H. persicum (EEHP) caused DNA damage on human lymphocytes. Furthermore, cytotoxicity of the EEHP on human lymphocytes was seen. According to these results, it is worthwhile to raise consumer awareness that excessive consumption of food and pharmaceutical preparations containing high concentrations of this plant may pose a health risk.
Accelerometry‐based method for assessing energy expenditure in patients with diabetes during walking
Authors: Caron N. , Peyrot N. , Caderby T. , Verkindt C. , Dalleau G. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundMonitoring activity‐related energy expenditure (EE) is essential in the management of daily activity and the dietary programme in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and must be estimated accurately. Accelerometry‐based equations have frequently used to estimate EE, although the validity of these methods has not been confirmed in patients with T2D. The present study aimed to test the validity of an accelerometry‐based method (Bouten's method) to assess EE during walking in patients with T2D.MethodsThe study included 20 patients with controlled T2D [mean (SD) duration: 10.6 (6.1) years; age: 57.5 (8.4) years; body mass index: 26.4 (2.6) kg m−²]. All participants performed five 6‐min periods of walking at different speeds (0.5–1.5 m s−1) on a treadmill. Mechanical data were recorded using an inertial measurement unit placed on the lower back with gas exchange being simultaneously monitored.ResultsValues of EE during walking estimated by the accelerometer method did not differ significantly from those measured by indirect calorimetry. Bias and root mean square error were −1.17 and 2.93 kJ min−1, respectively, on average across speeds.ConclusionsOur results suggest that EE during walking may be accurately estimated in patients with diabetes mellitus using an accelerometer.
Retrospective analysis of South Australian pediatric oral and maxillofacial pathology over a 16‐year period
Authors: Huang Gwendolyn , Moore Lynette , Logan Richard M. , Gue Sumant 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAimThe epidemiological features and distribution of pediatric oral and maxillofacial pathology in South Australia, Australia, is unknown. The medical and dental specialties involved in the management of oral and maxillofacial pathology is also unknown. The aim of the present study was to audit oral and maxillofacial pathology specimens submitted for diagnosis in a pediatric tertiary‐referral hospital setting.MethodsHistopathology records were retrieved from the Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide over a 16‐year period. Age, sex, histopathological diagnosis, location of the lesion, and department involved were recorded. Lesions were classified into 12 categories.ResultsA total of 676 lesions involving the oral and maxillofacial region were collected from patients aged 0‐18 years. The mean age was 8.71 years. Diagnosis was not significantly associated with sex (P = 0.123). A total of 97.37% of cases were benign, with connective tissue and salivary gland lesions most frequently biopsied and more frequently biopsied by medical departments. Mucoceles (19.23%) were most commonly diagnosed, followed by dentigerous cysts (5.62%). The Department of Paediatric Dentistry submitted most specimens, followed by the Department of Otolaryngology, the Australian Craniofacial Unit, and the Departments of Paediatric Surgery and Plastics.ConclusionThe present study provides valuable understanding into the epidemiological features of, and the specialties involved in, oral and maxillofacial histopathology in an Australian pediatric population.
Clinical evidence of the efficacy and safety of a new 3‐in‐1 anti‐aging topical night serum‐in‐oil containing melatonin, bakuchiol, and ascorbyl tetraisopalmitate: 103 females treated from 28 to 84 days
Authors: Goldberg David J , Robinson Deanne Mraz , Granger Corinne 
Published: March 2019

SummaryBackgroundTopical melatonin is a potent antioxidant, yet there have been few clinical studies on its anti‐aging effects on the skin.ObjectivesTo clinically assess the anti‐aging efficacy and safety of a new 3‐in‐1 night facial serum (NFS) combining melatonin with bakuchiol, a novel retinol‐like ingredient, and ascorbyl tetraisopalmitate, in all skin types.MethodsFive clinical studies were performed, with a total of 103 subjects treated from 28 to 84 days. Under dermatologist supervision, a 3‐month efficacy and safety study evaluated anti‐aging properties by clinical scoring and instrumental evaluations. Two studies evaluated skin hydration properties for 12 hours after a single application of NFS. Two studies were performed in oily skin: a 1‐month efficacy and safety study and a 1‐month comedogenesis study.ResultsAfter 12 weeks, clinical evaluation showed a statistically significant decrease in wrinkles (11%), an increase in skin firmness (8%), a reduction in redness (70%; P < 0.01 for all), and an overall improvement in skin quality and complexion. The reduction in wrinkles and the increase in skin firmness were also supported by instrumental evaluations (Dermatop and Dynaskin). Hydration levels increased significantly from 30 minutes until 12 hours and transepidermal water loss significantly decreased after 4H and 6H. Subjects favorably evaluated the efficacy and cosmetic properties of the serum, and it was well tolerated in all skin types including oily skin.ConclusionsThis 3‐in‐1 NFS showed significant clinical anti‐aging effects when applied once daily and was well tolerated.
The impact of a nurse‐led elective direct current cardioversion in atrial fibrillation on patient outcomes: A systematic review
Authors: Manoj Sunitha , Moore Zena , Patton Declan , O'Connor Tom , Nugent Linda E. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo examine and present the success rate in relation to nurse‐led elective DCCV service in AF patients.BackgroundAs the incidence of AF increases healthcare settings will continue to face challenges in providing appropriate timely intervention. The provision of DCCV has primarily been medical‐led. Due to the increasing requirement of hospital beds, cost restriction and medical team stress the roles of nurse specialists have been driven to include elective DCCV.DesignA systematic review with a narrative synthesis was undertaken.MethodsThe databases searched include the following: The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PubMed, Embase, Clinical Key, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and HSE library website. A total of 187 articles were identified, and seven studies were included for synthesis. The EBL checklist was used to assess validity. The PRISMA checklist was used for transparency.ResultsThe results of this review show an acceptable complication rate, no negative patient outcomes and a high rhythm conversion success rate. A disparity was identified due to the lack of distinction between registered nurse (RGN), advanced nurse practitioner (ANP), advanced practice provider (APP) and nurse practitioner (NP) roles. These results support the belief that a highly skilled nurse in this specific background working in a supportive organisational framework can make a valuable contribution to such practices.ConclusionA structured nurse‐led elective DCCV service appears safe, effective and has a high success rate in restoration to sinus rhythm in AF. However, the need for further research in order to advance knowledge and support changes in nurse‐led DCCV practice is evident.Relevance to clinical practiceThis review demonstrates that a nurse‐led elective DCCV service appears safe and successful in restoring sinus rhythm. It has promising potential effects in terms of waiting time, cost saving and achieving patient satisfaction.
Expression of mitochondrial dynamics markers during melanoma progression: Comparative study of head and neck cutaneous and mucosal melanomas
Authors: Soares Ciro Dantas , de Lima Morais Thayná Melo , Mariano Fernanda Viviane , Altemani Albina , Corrêa Marcelo Brum , Reis Rodrigo Ribas Dias dos , Amorim Luciana Schultz , Ferreira Sonia Maria Soares , de Almeida Oslei Paes , Carlos Roman , Jorge Jacks 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundHead and neck mucosal melanomas (MMs) are rare tumors with adverse outcomes and poorer prognoses than their more common cutaneous counterparts (cutaneous melanomas—CMs). Few studies have compared the expression of mitochondrial dynamic markers in these tumors. This study aimed to assess the correlations of mitochondrial markers with melanoma progression and their potential as predictors of lymph node involvement and distant metastasis.MethodsImmunohistochemistry against anti‐mitochondrial (AMT), dynamin‐related protein 1 (DRP1), mitochondrial fission protein 1 (FIS1), mitofusin‐1 (MFN1), and mitofusin‐2 (MFN2) antibodies was performed in 112 cases of head and neck CM and MM. A Cox regression multivariate model was used to assess the correlation of AMT, FIS1, and MFN2 expressions considering the risk for nodal and distant metastasis.ResultsAll markers studied presented higher staining in tumor cells than normal adjacent tissues. Higher mitochondrial content was observed in MM than in CM, and it was significantly associated with nodal metastasis in oral melanomas. Both FIS1 and DRP1 expressions were related to advanced Clark's levels in CM, and they were overexpressed in oral melanomas. Moreover, increased immunoexpression of MFN2 was significantly associated with a higher risk of metastasis in CM, and it was also overexpressed in sinonasal melanomas.ConclusionsOur results suggest that mitochondrial fission and fusion processes can play an important role during multiple stages of tumorigenesis and the development of nodal and distant metastasis in cutaneous and mucosal melanomas.
The Relationship of Physical Activity From Physical Education with Perceived Peer Acceptance Across Childhood and Adolescence
Authors: Lee Seungmin , Shin Myoungjin , Smith Alan L. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDAlthough physical activity can play a positive role in psychosocial development, few studies have longitudinally examined the relationship between physical activity from physical education (PA from PE) and perceived peer acceptance (PPA).METHODSData from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey were used with 1908 elementary students from the first (age 10 years) to the 4‐year panel (age 13 years), and 1954 middle‐school students from the first (age 14 years) to the 4‐year panel (age 17 years). We analyzed the data using latent curve modeling.RESULTSIn childhood, an increase in the amount of PA from PE over time positively corresponds with positive linear tendency of PPA over time. In adolescence, a decrease in the amount of PA from PE over time negatively corresponds with positive linear tendency toward PPA over time. Thus, PPA changes are positively associated with PA from PE across both childhood and adolescence.CONCLUSIONSOur data suggest that the amount of PA obtained in PE is salient to perceived peer acceptance of both children and adolescents. Other variables (eg, friendship, self‐presentational processes) that might affect this relationship should be explored.
The Cabo Frio upwelling overrides geographical patterns in the population dynamics of the shrimp Artemesia longinaris Spence Bate, 1888 (Decapoda: Penaeidae)
Authors: Carvalho‐Batista Abner , Pantaleão João Alberto Farinelli , Castilho Antonio Leão , Costa Rogério Caetano da 
Published: March 2019

AbstractUpwelling areas are among the most productive ecosystems on the planet, influencing the biology of marine organisms. This study investigated the population dynamics of the shrimp Artemesia longinaris in two regions in southeastern Brazil, one inside (Macaé—Rio de Janeiro State) and one outside (Ubatuba—State of São Paulo) the Cabo Frio upwelling area. The aim was to verify the influence of the upwelling phenomenon on the abundance, growth, longevity, size of sexual maturity, and reproductive period of the species. In total, 188,902 individuals were captured at Macaé and 3,461 at Ubatuba. Individuals captured at Macaé showed larger maximum size, higher longevity, and slower growth rate, besides reaching sexual maturity at larger sizes than at Ubatuba. Continuous reproduction was observed in both regions, with juvenile recruitment peaks in spring and summer. Local conditions observed at Macaé were influenced by the Cabo Frio upwelling zone, characterized by productive and cooler waters that are around 20°C during most of the year. The upwelling phenomenon is probably the main factor influencing the population parameters studied here, changing the geographic patterns previously observed for the variation of these parameters in A. longinaris.
When flowering plants ruled Antarctica: evidence from Cretaceous pollen grains
Authors: Barreda Viviana D. , Palazzesi Luis , Olivero Eduardo B. 
Published: March 2019

Summary

The replacement of seed‐free plants and gymnosperms by flowering plants during the Cretaceous is one of the most important biotic events in the evolution of life. However, the magnitude of this global turnover remains largely unknown.

Here we present sampling‐standardized diversity estimates from a high resolution palynological record of the Late Cretaceous (85–66 Ma) from Antarctica, in the context of the past climatic events.

Our fossil evidence reveals the occurrence of a rich Campanian flora peaking at c. 80 Ma, with angiosperms as the most diverse group of plants for the first time in Antarctica. This peak of diversity was followed by a period of a stepwise deterioration; 60% of ferns and 40% of gymnosperms became locally extinct from the early/mid‐Campanian to the late Maastrichtian. Although angiosperms also faced several extinctions – 25% became extinct – they were far less affected than nonangiosperms.

The onset of deterioration of the greenhouse conditions at the end of the Cretaceous – low CO2 and global cooling trends – would have led to our observed pattern of change. Overall, our study reveals the beginning of a profound floristic turnover in the highest southern latitudes that pre‐dates the major extinction event of the end of the Cretaceous by 15 Myr.
Critically important antibiotics: criteria and approaches for measuring and reducing their use in food animal agriculture
Authors: Scott H. Morgan , Acuff Gary , Bergeron Gilles , Bourassa Megan W. , Gill Jason , Graham David W. , Kahn Laura H. , Morley Paul S. , Salois Matthew Jude , Simjee Shabbir , Singer Randall S. , Smith Tara C. , Storrs Carina , Wittum Thomas E. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractGlobally, increasing acquired antimicrobial resistance among pathogenic bacteria presents an urgent challenge to human and animal health. As a result, significant efforts, such as the One Health Initiative, are underway to curtail and optimize the use of critically important antimicrobials for human medicine in all applications, including food animal production. This review discusses the rationale behind multiple and competing “critically important antimicrobial” lists and their contexts as created by international, regional, and national organizations; identifies discrepancies among these lists; and describes issues surrounding risk management recommendations that have been made by regulatory organizations on the use of antibiotics in food animal production. A more harmonized approach to defining criticality in its various contexts (e.g., for human versus animal health, enteric diseases versus other systemic infections, and direct versus indirect selection of resistance) is needed in order to identify shared contextual features, aid in their translation into risk management, and identify the best ways to maintain the health of food animals, all while keeping in mind the wider risks of antimicrobial resistance, environmental impacts, and animal welfare considerations.
The digital revolution and its impact on mental health care
Authors: Bucci Sandra , Schwannauer Matthias , Berry Natalie 
Published: March 2019

The digital revolution is evolving at an unstoppable pace. Alongside the unprecedented explosion of digital technology facilities and systems, mental health care is under greater pressure than ever before. With its emphasis on big data, computing power, mobile technology, and network information, digital technology is set to transform health care delivery. This article reviews the field of digital health technology assessment and intervention primarily in secondary service mental health care, including the barriers and facilitators to adopting and implementing digitally mediated interventions in service delivery. We consider the impact of digitally mediated communication on human interaction and its potential impact on various mental states such as those linked to mood, anxiety but also well‐being. These developments point to a need for both theory‐ and data‐driven approaches to digital health care. We argue that, as developments in digital technology are outpacing the evaluation of rigorous digital health interventions, more advanced methodologies are needed to keep up with the pace of digital technology development. The need for co‐production of digital tools with and for people with chronic and mental health difficulties, and implications of digital technology for psychotherapy practice, will be central to this development.Practitioner points

Mental health problems are one of the main causes of global and societal burden and are a growing public health.

People with mental health problems around the world have limited, if any, chance of accessing psychological help at all.

Technological innovations and solutions are being considered in an attempt to address the size and scale of the mental health crisis worldwide.

Digital platforms allow people to self‐monitor and self‐manage in a way that face‐to‐face/paper‐based methods of assessment have up until now not allowed.

We provide examples of digital tools that are being developed and used in the secondary setting and identify a number of challenges in the digital health field that require careful consideration.