bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Danish State Interests as Foundation for Greenland Home Rule of 1979
Authors: Scarpa Federica 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper introduces the US Central Foreign Policy Files (1973–1979) as a novel archival resource for examining the negotiations leading to Greenland’s Home Rule in 1979. By analyzing these files alongside other historical sources, including the minority report by Steen Folke, a member of the Home Rule Commission, this study highlights Denmark’s strategic efforts to safeguard its interests during the Home Rule negotiations (1975–1978). In line with research questions regarding Greenland’s integration into the Danish Kingdom in 1953, this paper raises concerns about the Danish State’s emphasis on maintaining the unity of the realm as a foundation for the Home Rule. The findings underscore the need for further research into Denmark’s strategic priorities and their impact on Greenland’s self-determination.
Greenland Home Rule, 1979
Authors: Scarpa Federica 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper analyses the background of negotiations on economic matters, particularly fisheries and mineral resources, during the Greenland Home Rule Commission (1975–1978). Through a combined analysis of the US Central Foreign Policy Files and other primary sources, the paper highlights the centrality of economic issues in discussions on Greenland’s autonomy. Contrary to a prevailing narrative of Denmark supporting Greenland’s autonomy, the findings suggest that the negotiations were heavily influenced by Danish State interests aimed at preserving the Unity of the Realm by maintaining Greenland’s economic dependency. The paper calls for further research to explore these economic relations and their implications for Greenland’s self-determination.
Future of Japan-China Cooperation in Arctic Affairs
Authors: Hataya Sakiko , Gao Xiang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Environmental changes are now rapidly occurring in the Arctic, with global warming progressing three times faster than the global average, thereby impacting the entire planet. Furthermore, international relations in the Arctic have undergone dramatic shifts following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. The Arctic nations have split into Russia and seven states, and the functioning of the Arctic Council has been suspended; it has since been restarted under Norway’s chairmanship, under controlled conditions, but Russia is still not able to engage politically with the other AC members. Notably, Japan and China, both observer states of the Arctic Council, are geographically located to be affected by climate change in the Arctic. However, they are also expected to enjoy future economic and commercial opportunities, such as leveraging the Northern Sea Routes. This paper aims to analyze how Japan and China can cooperate and contribute to the Arctic through scientific research. With the suspension of the Arctic Council, observer States in particular must utilize platforms outside of the Council to engage the Arctic. The role of observers in the Arctic is significant, and it is necessary to continue exploring their potential to facilitate positive international relations.
The European Union and the Arctic: the Case of Fishery
Authors: Melchiorre Tiziana 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The fisheries sector offers the European Union (EU) the opportunity to deepen its engagement in the Arctic affairs. The relevance of fisheries in the region is growing because climate change is making natural resources increasingly accessible. Additionally, the EU and the Arctic states are important fish trading partners to each other. Given this background, this chapter argues that fisheries are instrumental to the EU in its attempt to increase its role as a geopolitical actor in the region in two ways. First, fisheries, which is included in the EU Arctic Policy since 2008, is one of the sectors of the ‘sustainable blue economy’. This latter is crucial to achieve the objectives of the European Green Deal (EGD) that is at the core of the EU involvement in the region. Second, the EU is an ad hoc observer of the Arctic Council (AC) and a full-fledged member of the Barents Euro-Arctic Council (BEAC), the two intergovernmental forums guiding cooperation in the region. Also very importantly, the EU is a Party to a number of fishing regional and international agreements. Finally, this chapter argues that the involvement of the EU in some of the most important fisheries disputes in the region demonstrates not only the strong link between the EU and the Arctic but also the relevance of the geopolitical role played by the EU.
The Resilience of Scientific Co-operation as a Foundational Principle of the Antarctic Treaty
Authors: Leary David , Jabour Julia 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper explores the resilience of the freedom of scientific investigation as a central pillar of the Antarctic Treaty. We highlight the importance or significance of Antarctic science. Why does it matter? Put simply it matters because science is at the core of the Antarctic Treaty and is at the core of governance more broadly in Antarctica. More significantly, science is of greatest importance because of the contributions it makes to knowledge, and the pointers it provides us in understanding and solving the major environmental challenges of our time. Science is not only the currency or price nation states must pay to have a role in the governance of Antarctica but is also the legitimate reason for presence there. This close alignment between legitimacy as an Antarctic actor and decision-maker and the epistemological validity of scientific research explains why at times the Antarctic Treaty seems challenged by the emergence of new actors in Antarctica. We argue however that this is nothing new and merely a consistent and ongoing theme throughout the history of science in Antarctica. The Antarctic Treaty has always been and continues to be resilient to these pressures. We conclude science and scientific co-operation as one of the four foundational principles of the Antarctic Treaty is in fact very resilient.
The Resilience of Antarctic Treaty System in the XXI Century: Procedural and Institutional Legitimacy
Authors: Vigni Patrizia , Yermakova Yelena 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article analyses the internal functioning of the Antarctic Treaty System (ATS) in light of present challenges such as new diverse and growing activities in the Antarctic. Specifically, the authors assess whether the ATS is capable of ensuring the effective management of the Antarctic region by looking at the internal legitimacy of the ATS. The internal legitimacy of the ATS is broken into procedural and institutional legitimacy. The authors discuss the following characteristics of the system: participation in the decision-making, accountability and transparency of legislative procedures and acts, and the institutional apparatus.
The World’s Southernmost Continent in International Law: an Exclusive Legal Regime?
Authors: Yüksel Melis 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The first circle regulating the regime of the world’s southernmost continent was adopted in 1959, namely the Antarctic Treaty. Following its adoption, several international instruments were accepted for the governance of the Antarctic and thereby, a comprehensive legal regime was created for the continent. This regime created on the basis of the Antarctic Treaty is called the Antarctic Treaty System and has very unique characteristics. Even that is the case, the legal regime of Antarctica cannot be examined in isolation from the other spatial regimes of international law.
Engaging Animals in Taiwanese Buddhism: Two Case Studies
Authors: Han Ling , Lee Chengpang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Animals play a significant role in Taiwanese Buddhist environmental practices. This article examines two relatively well-known animal-focused organizations: the Life Conservation Association (LCA), founded by Shi Chao Hwei, and Sheng Ming, established by Shi Hai Tao. Our discussion illuminate the central role of animals in shaping the Buddhist understanding of suffering and the different responses it elicits within the Buddhist community, such as renewing traditional practices like fangsheng (releasing animals into the wild) in Sheng Ming and pioneering animal protection campaigns in the LCA. Disagreements among Buddhists over the euthanasia of shelter dogs are also discussed. Situated within the broader theoretical framework of environmentalism and gender, the article shows that in contrast to the decoupling of religion and the animal protection movement in Western societies, Buddhism and Buddhists, particularly several female Buddhist leaders, play a leading role in grassroots efforts for animal welfare.
Fossil Libraries: Philology and Archaeology in the Mirror
Authors: Delmas Adrien 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Since the end of the nineteenth century, more and more collections of manuscripts have been unearthed in archaeological contexts, from Cairo and Dunhuang to Qumran. Situated at the intersection of archaeological and philological practices, these fossil libraries do not yield a simplistic narrative of ancient manuscripts miraculously reappearing and text corpora accidentally—or heroically—being discovered. On the contrary, they require two incompatible epistemologies to come together, over time, in a meeting between the materiality of the written word and the semantics of the material object.
Do Real-World Connections Make Tasks Catch Secondary School Students’ Interest? What Preservice Teachers Expect and What Students Really Experience
Authors: Liebendörfer Michael , Wagner Kristina 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Teachers should correctly assess which tasks are interesting for their students. A study by Rellensmann and Schukajlow (2017) found that intra-mathematical tasks were more interesting to students than tasks with real-world connections, yet preservice teachers deemed tasks with real-world context to be more interesting to students. We assumed that this result would not hold for contexts that closely connect to students’ lives. We surveyed 34 eighth graders and 53 preservice teachers about how interesting students find tasks in current contexts (climate change and COVID-19) and about how preservice teachers estimate students’ interest. The students’ interest in tasks with superficial wrapper relationships to the context was greater than in tasks without real-world context. Surprisingly, however, tasks with deeper tapestry relationships to the context were not found more interesting. We further confirmed that preservice teachers overestimated students’ interest in tapestry tasks and underestimated how interesting wrapper tasks and intra-mathematical tasks can be.
The impact sheet to this article can be accessed at 10.6084/m9.figshare.27151230
Teachers’ Pedagogical Sensemaking of Mathematics Education Research through Replication: a Way of Increasing Implementability of Research Findings
Authors: Cooper Jason , Hershkowitz Rina , Koichu Boris 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Arguably, all educational research is conducted with the goal of improving teaching and learning. However, research may not explicitly suggest implications for practice. Furthermore, teachers may not be convinced by findings based on academic theories and methods of analysis that are foreign to them. This suggests that findings of such research may have a low level of implementability. We posit that replication of research by teachers can lead them to findings that are more implementable for them. In this article we elaborate the notion of implementability of educational research findings, make a theoretical case for teachers’ qualitative replication of basic research, and offer the notion of pedagogical sensemaking as the activity by which research findings may become implementable for teachers. We investigate this practice based on empirical data gathered in a graduate course for practicing teachers, who were required to replicate a well-known piece of basic research in mathematics education.
The impact sheet to this article can be accessed at 10.6084/m9.figshare.27151317.
Risk of Reading Difficulties in School-age Children Treated for Non-syndromic Craniosynostosis
Authors: Weinfeld Justin , Havstam Christina , Kölby Lars , Tarnow Peter , Persson Christina 
Published: December 2024

Objective We assessed the prevalence of guardian-reported reading difficulties in children treated for non-syndromic craniosynostosis (NSC) and in relation to the location of the closed suture. Additionally, we determined correlations with guardian-reported neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) and associations between reported reading ability, sex, timing of surgical intervention, parental education, and heredity of reading difficulties in guardians. Design Cross-sectional, prospective, population-based study. Setting Tertiary hospital. Participants The cohort included 127 participants (aged 9-10 years) treated for NSC (76 sagittal, 38 metopic, 9 unicoronal, and 1 each of bicoronal, lambdoid, frontosphenoidal, and multisuture NSC). Main outcome measures The prevalence of guardian-reported reading difficulties was defined as a score ≥8 out of 14 points on the Short Dyslexia Scale. We determined associations between reported reading ability and reported NDDs through binomial regression analysis. Results The cohort demonstrated a 14.2% risk of of guardian-reported reading difficulties, with sagittal, metopic, and unicoronal NSCs exhibiting respective prevalences of 10.5%, 18.4%, and 23.1%. NDDs were reported in 22% of participants and significantly associated with reading difficulties. Conclusions The results indicated that participants with sagittal NSC showed the lowest risk of reading difficulties. Additionally, we found that NDDs represent significant risk factors for guardian-reported reading difficulties across the patient cohort. These findings underscore the need for targeted screening and support, especially for patients with metopic and unicoronal NSC, to guide clinical and educational decisions.
Role of Supplementation with Selenium and Myo-Inositol Versus Selenium Alone in Patients of Autoimmune Thyroiditis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zuhair Varisha , Sheikh Areeba Tufail , Shafi Nimra , Babar Areesha , Khan Areeb , Sadiq Arooba , Ashraf Muhammad Afnan , Nihan Khuld , Hamza Muhammad , Khalid Burhan , Haya Fatima Syeda , Arshad Mirza Ammar , Ali Eman 
Published: December 2024

Objective: The main objective was to assess the therapeutic efficacy of selenium alone versus a combination of myo-inositol and selenium (MI + Se) in treating patients with autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT). The study aims to determine which treatment option is more effective in restoring euthyroid state, as indicated by changes in thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), T3, T4, thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb), and thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb) Methods: Google Scholar and PubMed databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies that reported outcomes of combined treatment (MI + Se) in restoring a euthyroid state, specifically comparing it with selenium-only (Se-only) treatment. Changes in TSH, T3, T4, TPOAb, and TgAb levels from baseline were defined as indicators to compare the effect of combined versus selenium-only treatment in restoring euthyroid levels. The Cochrane risk of bias tool and Newcastle Ottawa Scale were used to assess the quality of the randomized control trials included in the study. Review Manager (version 5.4, Nordic Cochrane Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark) was used for statistical analysis. Result: We pooled three studies, enrolling 151 participants in the MI + Se group and 137 participants in the Se group. Supplementation of Se with MI demonstrated a significant reduction in TSH levels compared to Se alone (SMD = −1.15, 95% CI: −1.60 to −0.69, P < .00001). MI + Se treatment also significantly reduced TgAb levels compared to Se (SMD = −0.51, 95% CI: −0.78 to −0.24, P = .0002). In contrast, TPOAB, T3 and T4 levels were non-significantly reduced from baseline in patients treated with MI + Se when compared to Se alone (SMD = −0.81, 95% CI: −0.44 to 0.09, P = .20), (SMD = 0.16, 95% CI: −0.09 to 0.42, P = .22), and (SMD = 0.30, 95% CI: −0.23 to 0.83, P = .26) respectively. Conclusion: Supplementation of Se with MI showed a significant reduction in TSH and TgAb levels compared to selenium-only treatment, with a non-significant reduction in TPOAB, T3, and T4 levels. This entails the need for powered clinical trials and observational studies with longer follow-ups to critically assess the role of combined therapy in restoring euthyroid state in patients with AIT.
Aspirin Nonresponsiveness in Congenital Heart Disease—Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Management
Authors: Stauber Catherine E. , Well Andrew , Dawson-Gore Catherine , Mizrahi Michelle , Fraser Charles D. , Mery Carlos M. , Stromberg Daniel 
Published: December 2024

Background Aspirin is frequently utilized for antiplatelet therapy in children with congenital heart disease (CHD). Patients who are unresponsive to aspirin, as measured by aspirin reaction units (ARU), are at higher risk for thrombotic events. It is undetermined if dose modification of aspirin results in adequate responsiveness in these patients. This study evaluates the prevalence and risk factors for aspirin nonresponsiveness and the results of dose escalation in this population. Methods This is a retrospective review of patients cared for in the cardiac care unit at a quaternary care academic congenital heart center who received aspirin and had responsiveness evaluated between January 2018 and January 2023. Patient demographics and clinical characteristics were extracted from the medical record. Descriptive, parametric, and nonparametric univariate analysis were employed. Results A total of 142 patients (69 [49%] female, 45 [32%]Non-Hispanic White, and 63 [44%] Hispanic]) were identified. Median age at first aspirin responsiveness assessment was 54 [interquartile range, IQR: 23.3-411.5] days with a median weight of 5.2 [IQR: 3.64-9.29] kg. Of these, 32/142 (22.5%) were nonresponsive on their initial testing. Of these patients, 23/32 (72%) had follow-up testing with 19/23 (83%) subsequently becoming therapeutic. This was achieved with an increased dose in 12/19 (63%) patients and increased duration of therapy in 7/19 (37%) patients. Seventeen of 142 (12%) patients experienced a thrombotic event, 13/17 (77%) of which were therapeutic on initial responsiveness assessment. Conclusions It is common for CHD patients to be aspirin nonresponsive with initial weight-based dosing. If aspirin is used in this population, it is necessary to evaluate ARUs on all patients as underdosing is not uncommon with current weight-based dosing methods.
Mixed Type Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia: A Single Center Observational Study
Authors: Versino Francesco , Pedone Giacinto Luca , Bortolotti Marta , Barcellini Wilma , Fattizzo Bruno 
Published: December 2024

Mixed type autoimmune hemolytic anemia (mAIHA) is a rare form of AIHA, marked by the combined positivity of warm reacting IgG autoantibodies (Ab) and cold agglutinins. The diagnosis requires second level direct antiglobulin test (DAT) with monospecific antisera, autoagglutination at 20°C and cold agglutinin titer. Treatment of mAIHA is not standardized, patients are mainly managed case by case and no trials are ongoing for this disease.
Here we present a retrospective observational study of 63 mAIHA patients evaluated from Sep. 1999 until June 2024, belonging to a series of 299 AIHA patients followed at a tertiary Hematologic Center in Milan, Italy. We sistematically collected clinical and hematological features at diagnosis, therapy lines with relative responses (overall response rate (ORR) Hb &gt; 10g/dL and increase &gt; 2 g/dL from baseline), complications and outcome. Adverse events were graded according to CTCAE v5.0.
Patients were mainly females (92%), with a median age of 54 years (9-83) and were followed for a median of 54 months (1-217) . Most patients had a severe presentation with median Hb of 7.1 g/dL (2.9-11), notably 43/63 (68%) had Hb levels &lt; 8g/dL, and 20/63 (32%) &lt; 6g/dL; 43% of cases required transfusion, and median LDH levels were 4.1 x ULN (1.2 - 12). Furthermore, 55% of patients displayed inadequate reticulocyte compensatory response as per Bone Marrow Responsivness Index &lt; 121 and 11% of cases had a concomitant immune thrombocytopenia (Evans Syndrome). Patients recieved a median of 2 (1-6) therapy lines, 44/63 (70%) required more than one treatment, and 22/63 (35%) more than two. These included steroids in 58 (92%, ORR 83%), rixutimab frontline in 8 (13%, ORR 100%), rituximab further lines in 21 (33%, ORR 90%). Cytotoxic immunosuppressants were used in 26 (41%, ORR 77%) in second or further therapy lines. Finally, 11 patients (17%) undwerwent splenectomy with good response rate (ORR 91%) and 4 patients (6%) recieved erythropoietin stimulating agents. During the follow up, an infectious complication occurred in 16 of patients (25%), mainly grade 2 and thrombosis in 4 (6%). Overall, 9 patients died, 2 of which due to AIHA complications (one multiorgan failure and one sepsis in a splenectomized patient).
In conclusion, mAIHAs mainly show a very severe clinical presentation, require high transfusions need, several therapy lines and display frequent infections and thrombotic complications. New therapies are under investigation for wAIHA or CAD, while therapy of relapsed/refractory mAIHA represent an unmet need.