bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multistage rifting evolution of the Colorado basin (offshore Argentina): Evidence for extensional settings prior to the South Atlantic opening
Authors: Lovecchio Juan Pablo , Rohais Sébastien , Joseph Philippe , Bolatti Néstor D. , Kress Pedro R. , Gerster Ricardo , Ramos Víctor A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe identification of three independent rifting events in the Colorado basin area highlights the complexity of its Mesozoic rifting history, which ended in the Early Cretaceous with the opening of the South Atlantic Ocean. A first rifting event, associated with the extensional reactivation of previously compressive thrusts of the Ventania‐Cape fold belt, is transected by faults forming the main depocenters of the Colorado and possibly the adjacent Salado basin. The second and main rifting stage is correlated with the Early Jurassic Karoo rifting. In the Early Cretaceous, WNW–ESE extension produced NNE‐trending landward‐dipping faults, concentrated in the outer 100–200 km of the continental crust domain, possibly coeval with SDR emplacement. This is the first identification of three superimposed rifting settings in the southern South Atlantic realm and is key to understanding the complex Mesozoic breakup history of SW Gondwana.
Phylogeny and morphological evolution of the so‐called bougainvilliids (Hydrozoa, Hydroidolina)
Authors: Mendoza‐Becerril María A. , Jaimes‐Becerra Adrian José , Collins Allen G. , Marques Antonio C. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe present phylogenetic analyses (parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference) for 69 lineages of anthoathecate hydroids based on 18 morphological characters (12 proposed for the first time) plus mitochondrial (16S andCOI) and nuclear (18S and 28S) molecular markers. This study aims to test the monophyly of the present concept of the family Bougainvilliidae, assessing its phylogenetic position within Hydroidolina. Our working hypothesis is used as a context for inferring the evolution of certain morphological characters, focusing on the exoskeleton. Our results shed light on some phylogenetic uncertainties within Hydroidolina, delimiting eight well‐supported linages, viz. Hydroidolina, Siphonophorae, Leptothecata, Aplanulata, FiliferaII, FiliferaIII, Capitata and Pseudothecatataxon novum, the latter supported by four morphological synapomorphies. The monophyly of several families was not supported, viz. Bougainvilliidae, Cordylophoridae, Oceaniidae, Rathkeidae and Pandeidae. Some of the genera typically considered in Bougainvilliidae, includingBougainvillia, fell into the clade Pseudothecata, which is consistently reconstructed as the sister group of Leptothecata. We formally suggest thatDicorynebe removed from Bougainvilliidae and placed in the resurrected family Dicorynidae. The exoskeleton was a key feature in the diversification of Hydroidolina, especially with the transition from the bare hydranth to one completely enveloped within the exoskeleton. In this context, bougainvilliids exhibit several intermediate states in the development of the exosarc. Although the concatenated analysis unravels some interesting hypotheses, taxon sampling is still deficient and therefore more data are necessary for achieving a more complete understanding of the evolution and ecology of bougainvilliids and their allies.
Rapid Paediatric Sequencing (RaPS): comprehensive real-life workflow for rapid diagnosis of critically ill children
Authors: Mestek-Boukhibar Lamia , Clement Emma , Jones Wendy D , Drury Suzanne , Ocaka Louise , Gagunashvili Andrey , Le Quesne Stabej Polona , Bacchelli Chiara , Jani Nital , Rahman Shamima , Jenkins Lucy , Hurst Jane A , Bitner-Glindzicz Maria , Peters Mark , Beales Philip L , Williams Hywel J 
Published: July 2018

BackgroundRare genetic conditions are frequent risk factors for, or direct causes of, paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission. Such conditions are frequently suspected but unidentified at PICU admission. Compassionate and effective care is greatly assisted by definitive diagnostic information. There is therefore a need to provide a rapid genetic diagnosis to inform clinical management.To date, whole genome sequencing (WGS) approaches have proved successful in diagnosing a proportion of children with rare diseases, but results may take months to report. Our aim was to develop an end-to-end workflow for the use of rapid WGS for diagnosis in critically ill children in a UK National Health Service (NHS) diagnostic setting.MethodsWe sought to establish a multidisciplinary Rapid Paediatric Sequencing team for case selection, trio WGS, rapid bioinformatics sequence analysis and a phased analysis and reporting system to prioritise genes with a high likelihood of being causal.ResultsTrio WGS in 24 critically ill children led to a molecular diagnosis in 10 (42%) through the identification of causative genetic variants. In 3 of these 10 individuals (30%), the diagnostic result had an immediate impact on the individual’s clinical management. For the last 14 trios, the shortest time taken to reach a provisional diagnosis was 4 days (median 8.5 days).ConclusionRapid WGS can be used to diagnose and inform management of critically ill children within the constraints of an NHS clinical diagnostic setting. We provide a robust workflow that will inform and facilitate the rollout of rapid genome sequencing in the NHS and other healthcare systems globally.
Current status of training environments in neuro-interventional practice: are animal models still contemporary?
Authors: Nawka Marie Teresa , Fiehler Jens , Spallek Johanna , Buhk Jan-Hendrik , Frölich Andreas Maximilian 
Published: July 2018

PurposeSeveral different training environments for practicing neurointerventional procedures have been realized in silico, in vitro, and in vivo. We seek to replace animal-based training with suitable alternatives. In an effort to determine present training model distribution and preferences, we interviewed interventional neuroradiologists from 25 different countries about their experience in distinct training environments.MethodsA voluntary online survey comprising 24 questions concerning the different training facilities was designed and electronically conducted with the members of the European Society for Minimally Invasive Neurological Therapy.ResultsSeventy-one physicians with an average experience of 11.8 (±8.7) years completed the survey. The majority of participants had experience with animal-based training (eg, stroke intervention: 36; 50.7%). Overall, animal-based training was rated as the most suitable environment to practice coil embolization (20 (±6)), flow diverter placement (13 (±7)), and stroke intervention (13.5 (±9)). In-vitro training before using a new device in patients was supported by most participants (35; 49.3%). Additionally, preference for certain training models was related to the years of experience.ConclusionThis survey discloses the preferred training modalities in European neurointerventional centers with the majority of physicians supporting the general concept of in-vitro training, concomitantly lacking a standardized curriculum for educating neurointerventional physicians. Most suitable training modalities appeared to be dependent on procedure and experience. As animal-based training is still common, alternate artificial environments meeting these demands must be further developed.
Optimal Multi-Way Number Partitioning
Authors: Schreiber Ethan L. , Korf Richard E. , Moffitt Michael D. 
Published: July 2018

The NP-hard number-partitioning problem is to separate a multisetSofnpositive integers intoksubsets such that the largest sum of the integers assigned to any subset is minimized. The classic application is scheduling a set ofnjobs with different runtimes onkidentical machines such that the makespan, the elapsed time to complete the schedule, is minimized. The two-way number-partitioning decision problem is one of the original 21 problems that Richard Karp proved NP-complete. It is also one of Garey and Johnson’s six fundamental NP-complete problems and the only one based on numbers.This article explores algorithms for solving multi-way number-partitioning problems optimally. We explore previous algorithms as well as our own algorithms, which fall into three categories: sequential number partitioning (SNP), a branch-and-bound algorithm; binary-search improved bin completion (BSIBC), a bin-packing algorithm; and cached iterative weakening (CIW), an iterative weakening algorithm. We show experimentally that, for large random numbers, SNP and CIW are state-of-the-art algorithms depending on the values ofnandk. Both algorithms outperform the previous state of the art by up to seven orders of magnitude in terms of runtime.
Difference between SF6 and N2 multiple breath washout kinetics is due to N2 back diffusion and error in N2 offset
Authors: Guglani Lokesh , Kasi Ajay , Starks Miah , Pedersen Knud E. , Nielsen Jørgen G. , Weiner Daniel J. 
Published: July 2018

Measurement of lung clearance index (LCI) by multiple breath washout (MBW) is a sensitive method for monitoring lung disease in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). To compare nitrogen MBW (N2-MBW) and sulfur hexafluoride MBW (SF6-MBW), we connected these two gas analysis systems in series to obtain truly simultaneous measurements, with no differences other than the gas used. Nonsmoking healthy controls (HC) and subjects with CF were recruited at two institutions. The Exhalyzer-D (for N2-MBW measurement) was connected in series with the Innocor (for SF6-MBW measurement). Subjects washed in SF6 from a Douglas bag with tidal breathing and washed out SF6 and nitrogen with 100% oxygen provided as bias flow. Washout of both gases was continued past the LCI point (1/40th of equilibration concentration) in triplicate. N2-MBW resulted in higher cumulative exhaled volume, functional residual capacity (FRC), and LCI when compared with SF6-derived parameters in HC subjects ( P < 0.0001 for all comparisons). All N2-MBW parameters were also significantly higher than SF6-MBW parameters in subjects with CF ( P < 0.01 for all comparisons). After recalculation with a common FRC, N2-MBW LCI was higher than SF6-MBW LCI in subjects with CF (19.73 vs. 11.39; P < 0.0001) and in HC (8.12 vs. 6.78; P < 0.0001). Adjusting for N2 back diffusion and an offset error in the nitrogen measurement resulted in near complete agreement between the two methodologies. We found significant differences in LCI and FRC measurements using two different gases for MBW. This may have significant implications for the future use and interpretation of LCI data in clinical trials and routine clinical care. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study provides important insights into the differences between the two techniques used for measuring lung clearance index (LCI): N2 and SF6 multiple breath washout. Differences between measurements made by these two methods in subjects with cystic fibrosis and healthy controls could be explained by nitrogen back diffusion and N2 offset error. This is important for use and interpretation of LCI data as an outcome measure for clinical trials and in routine clinical care.
Unexpected Growth-Promoting Effect of Oxaliplatin in Excision Repair Cross-Complementation Group 1 Transfected Human Colon Cancer Cells
Authors: Jordheim Lars Petter , Chettab Kamel , Cros-Perrial Emeline , Matera Eva-Laure , Dumontet Charles 
Published: July 2018

The nucleotide excision repair protein excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC1) has been repeatedly shown to be involved in the sensitivity of cancer cells to platinum derivatives. In order to better understand this process, we transfected HCT-116 cells with a plasmid encoding ERCC1 and studied their in vitro and in vivo behaviour. No main differences were observed for sensitivity to platinum drugs, DNA repair capacity and clonogenicity in vitro. However, ­ERCC1-transfected HCT-116 cells showed paradoxical behaviour in vivo with increased growth in mice treated with oxaliplatin as compared to untreated mice. The Trop2 protein was identified as being potentially involved in the underlying mechanism for these observations, as it was overexpressed in transfected cells. Our results suggest complex regulation of signalling in cancer cells exposed to cancer drugs.
<b>First photographic evidence of Snow Leopard <I>Panthera uncia</I> (Mammalia: Carnivora: Felidae) outside current protected areas network in Nepal Himalaya</b>
Authors: Lama Rinzin Phunjok , Ghale Tashi R. , Suwal Madan K. , Ranabhat Rishi , Regmi Ganga Ram 
Published: July 2018

The Snow Leopard Panthera uncia is a rare top predator of high-altitude ecosystems and insufficiently surveyed outside of protected areas in Nepal. We conducted a rapid camera-trapping survey to assess the presence of Snow Leopard in the Limi valley of Humla District. Three individuals were recorded in two camera locations offering the first photographic evidence of this elusive cat outside the protected area network of Nepal. In addition to Snow Leopard, the Blue Sheep Pseudois nayaur, Beech Marten Martes foina, Pika Ochotona spp. and different species of birds were also detected by camera-traps. More extensive surveys and monitoring are needed for reliably estimating the population size of Snow Leopard in the area. The most urgent needs are community-based conservation activities aimed at mitigating immediate threats of poaching, retaliatory killing, and rapid prey depletion to ensure the survival of this top predator in the Himalaya.
<b>A checklist of the ornamental fishes of Himachal Pradesh, the western Himalaya, India</b>
Authors: Sharma Indu , Dhanze Rani 
Published: July 2018

Fifty-eight ornamental fish species belonging to five orders, 13 families and 36 genera occur in Himachal Pradesh. The dominant family is Cyprinidae (46.55%) followed by Nemacheilidae (15.51%); Sisoridae, Poeciliidae, Osphronemidae (9.89%); Cobitidae (5.17%); Amblycipitidae, Ambassidae, Badidae, Gobiidae, Helostomatidae, Cichlidae and Characidae (1.72%). Of the 58 species, 27.58% are exotic and have been mainly imported for aquarium keeping. The exotic species are being introduced in the region without any regulation, subsequently turning invasive and threatening the indigenous fauna. Thus, there is a need for developing scientific guidelines and regulatory mechanisms for importing exotic aquarium fishes. On the other hand, the breeding and culture of indigenous fishes can be a profitable venture, provided there is an availability of a standardized breeding technology. Such an enterprise will go a long way in conservation of native fishes, improving livelihoods as well as raising the socio-economic status of local communities.
<b>In plain sight: Bacular and noseleaf morphology supports distinct specific status of Roundleaf Bats <I>Hipposideros pomona</I> Andersen, 1918 and <I>Hipposideros gentilis</I> Andersen, 1918 (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae)</b>
Authors: Srinivasulu Bhargavi , Srinivasulu Chelmala 
Published: July 2018

The taxonomic status of Andersen’s Roundleaf Bat Hipposideros pomona (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae) and its relationship with the taxa assigned to it has been confusing. Knud Andersen described H. pomona (based on specimens from southern India) and H. gentilis (based on specimens from Myanmar) in 1918. Subsequently, the latter taxon was included under the former as a subspecies. Owing to disjunct distribution, it was speculated that these two taxa are distinct. Discovery of the type material and additional vouchers of both taxa in the National Collection of Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata allowed detailed comparison. Based on the morphological, craniodental and bacular characters, we establish the distinctness of these taxa. A redescription of H. pomona Andersen, 1918 is provided.
Effects of Lipid‐Lowering and Antihypertensive Treatments in Addition to Healthy Lifestyles in Primary Prevention: An Analysis of the HOPE‐3 Trial
Authors: Dagenais Gilles R. , Jung Hyejung , Lonn Eva , Bogaty Peter M. , Dehghan Mahshid , Held Claes , Avezum Alvaro , Jansky Petr , Keltai Matyàs , Leiter Lawrence A. , Lopez‐Jaramillo Patricio , Toff William D. , Bosch Jackie , Yusuf Salim 
Published: July 2018

Background
It is not clear whether the effects of lipid‐lowering or antihypertensive medications are influenced by adherence to healthy lifestyle factors. We assessed the effects of both drug interventions in subgroups by the number of healthy lifestyle factors in participants in the HOPE‐3 (Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation) trial.

Methods and Results

In this primary prevention trial, 4 healthy lifestyle factors (nonsmoking status, physical activity, optimal body weight, and healthy diet) were recorded in 12 521 participants who were at intermediate risk of cardiovascular disease (
CVD
) and were randomized to rosuvastatin, candesartan/hydrochlorothiazide, their combination, or matched placebos. Median follow‐up was 5.6 years. The outcome was a composite of
CVD
events. Adjusted hazard ratios (
HRs
) and 95% confidence intervals (
CIs
) were estimated using Cox regression models. Participants with ≥2 healthy lifestyle factors had a lower rate of
CVD
compared with those with fewer factors (
HR:
0.85; 95%
CI
, 0.73–1.00). Rosuvastatin reduced
CVD
events in participants with ≥2 healthy lifestyle factors (
HR:
0.74; 95%
CI
, 0.62–0.90) and in participants with <2 factors (
HR
: 0.79; 95%
CI
, 0.61–1.01). Consistent results were observed with combination therapy (≥2 factors:
HR
: 0.74; 95%
CI
, 0.57–0.97; <2 factors:
HR:
0.61; 95%
CI
, 0.43–0.88). Candesartan/hydrochlorothiazide tends to reduce
CVD
only in participants with <2 healthy lifestyle factors (
HR:
0.78; 95%
CI
, 0.61–1.00).

Conclusions

Healthy lifestyles are associated with lower
CVD
. Rosuvastatin alone and combined with candesartan/hydrochlorothiazide is beneficial regardless of healthy lifestyle status; however, the benefit of antihypertensive treatment appears to be limited to patients with less healthy lifestyles.

Clinical Trial Registration

URL
:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier:
NCT
00239681.
Differential Features of Culprit Intracranial Atherosclerotic Lesions: A Whole‐Brain Vessel Wall Imaging Study in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Wu Fang , Ma Qingfeng , Song Haiqing , Guo Xiuhai , Diniz Marcio A. , Song Shlee S. , Gonzalez Nestor R. , Bi Xiaoming , Ji Xunming , Li Debiao , Yang Qi , Fan Zhaoyang ,   the WISP Investigators
Published: July 2018

Background
Intracranial atherosclerotic disease tends to affect multiple arterial segments. Using whole‐brain vessel wall imaging, we sought to study the differences in plaque features among various types of plaques in patients with a recent unilateral anterior circulation ischemic stroke.

Methods and Results

Sixty‐one patients with unilateral anterior circulation ischemic stroke were referred to undergo whole‐brain vessel wall imaging (before and after contrast) within 1 month of symptom onset for intracranial atherosclerotic disease evaluations. Each plaque was classified as a culprit, probably culprit, or nonculprit lesion, according to its likelihood of causing the stroke. The associations between plaque features (thickening pattern, plaque‐wall contrast ratio, high signal on T1‐weighted images, plaque contrast enhancement ratio, enhancement grade, and enhancement pattern) and culprit lesions were estimated using mixed multivariable logistic regression after adjustment for maximum wall thickness. In 52 patients without motion corruption in whole‐brain vessel wall imaging, a total of 178 intracranial plaques in the anterior circulation were identified, including 52 culprit lesions (29.2%), 51 probably culprit lesions (28.7%), and 75 nonculprit lesions (42.1%). High signal on T1‐weighted images (adjusted odds ratio, 9.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.9–44.1;
P
=0.006), grade 2 (enhancement ratio of plaque ≥ enhancement ratio of pituitary) contrast enhancement (adjusted odds ratio, 17.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.8–164.9;
P
=0.013), and type 2 (≥50% cross‐sectional wall involvement) enhancement pattern (adjusted odds ratio, 10.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.3–82.2;
P
=0.030) were independently associated with culprit lesions.

Conclusions
High signal on T1‐weighted images, grade 2 contrast enhancement, and type 2 enhancement pattern are associated with cerebrovascular ischemic events, which may provide valuable insights into risk stratification.
Tier 2 Capital Instruments under Basel III: A Sharīʿah Viewpoint
Authors: Mustafa Madaa Munjid , Sairally Beebee Salma , Muhammad Marjan 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Basel III has redefined the criteria for regulatory capital instruments. Accordingly, Islamic banking institutions (IBIs) have to consider the issuance of instruments that would meet both the objectives of Basel III and Sharīʿah requirements. This research particularly aims to compare the regulatory requirements for issuing Tier-2 (T2) capital instruments as defined by Basel III, Bank Negara Malaysia (BNM) and IFSB-15. In this regard, the research examines the Sharīʿah issues related to subordination and conversion arising in exchange-based contracts (such as murābaḥah and iǧārah ṣukūk) and equity-based contracts (such as muḍārabah and wakālah ṣukūk). The study relies on library research to collect secondary data in the form of classical works of Islamic jurisprudence, analyses such work and links it with the present day regulatory requirements. The study finds that there are Sharīʿah concerns over the use of exchange-based contracts. However, the use of convertible muḍārabah and wakālah ṣukūk could be justified.
Proliferation and Contributions of National Database Studies in Otolaryngology Literature Published in the United States: 2005-2016
Authors: Subbarayan Rahul S , Koester Lindsey , Villwock Mark R , Villwock Jennifer 
Published: July 2018

Objective: Health registries and discharge-level databases are powerful tools. Commonly used data sets include the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS); Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER); National Cancer Database (NCDB); and American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP). This study investigated the frequency with which these resources are being used and categorized their contributions to literature. Design: A literature review from 2005 to 2016 for papers utilizing the aforementioned databases and publishing in The Laryngoscope, JAMA-Otolaryngology, Head and Neck, Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, and International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology was conducted. Results were categorized based on the contribution(s) of the paper. The incidence rate of database publications was calculated for each year along with the 95% confidence intervals using a Poisson distribution. Results: Three hundred ten studies were identified. Seventy percent report descriptive findings, and 65% report outcomes/survival. Approximately 18% made clinical recommendations. In 2005, the incidence rate of database publications was 3 per 1000 journal publications (95% CI, 1-9) and remained relatively stable until 2008. From 2010 onward, there was a persistent increase in publications, culminating in the highest incidence rate in 2016 of 26 database publications per 1000 journal publications (95% CI, 20-32). Conclusions: There was a nearly 10-fold increase in database publications in 2016 compared to 2005. The majority provide descriptive data and outcomes measures. The role of these studies warrants further investigation.