bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disempowering The People
Authors: Lafont Cristina , Urbinati Nadia 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This chapter focuses on the lottocratic interpretation of political equality. While it is widely assumed that lottery-based institutions promote political equality better than electoral institutions, we show in detail that the lottocratic interpretation of political equality has two worrisome features: (1) it severely weakens the political rights and power that citizens collectively exercise as equals in electoral democracies regularly (under the “one person, one vote” principle); and it does so for the sake of (2) equalizing asymmetric relationships of power among citizens which are objectionable precisely from the perspective of democratic equality. Against the lottocratic interpretation, we argue that the democratic ideal of political equality requires not to equalize the chances of “ruling” but rather to equalize citizens’ opportunities to collectively make important political decisions as equals, instead of letting a few citizens unilaterally impose their political decisions on the rest of the citizenry.
Bridging the continuity: Practice-enhancing publications about the ambulatory care medication-use process in 2022
Authors: Gazda Nicholas P , Vest Tyler A , Peek Grayson K , Francart Suzanne , Eckel Stephen F 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This article identifies, summarizes, and prioritizes literature on the ambulatory care medication-use process (ACMUP) published in 2022 that can describe ambulatory pharmacy practice. The medication-use process (MUP) is the foundational system that provides the framework for safe medication utilization within the healthcare environment and was reimagined to focus on new innovations and advancements in ambulatory pharmacy practice. The ACMUP is defined in this article as having the following components: transitions of care, prescribing, access, dispensing, adherence, and evaluating. Articles evaluating at least one step of the ACMUP were assessed for their usefulness toward practice improvement.

Summary
A PubMed search for articles published in 2022 was conducted in January 2023 using targeted Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) keywords and the table of contents of selected pharmacy journals, providing a total of 4,125 articles. A thorough review identified 49 potentially practice-enhancing articles: 6 for transitions of care, 9 for prescribing, 5 for access, 2 for dispensing, 6 for adherence, and 21 articles for evaluating. Trends from the impact articles are described.

Conclusion
It is important to routinely review the published literature and to incorporate significant findings into daily practice. This article continues a series of articles defining and evaluating the currently published literature around the ACMUP. As healthcare continues to advance and care shifts to ambulatory settings, the ACMUP will continue to be a crucial process to evaluate.
Lying and oblique intention: reply to Krstić
Authors: Sneddon Andrew 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Vladimir Krstić (2023) argues that some putative counterexamples to the definition of lying in terms of an intention to deceive are not genuine counterexamples. He suggests that the agents in these cases have an ‘oblique intention’ to deceive. I argue that Krstić is incorrect about both these cases and the very notion of oblique intention.
SpaGIC: graph-informed clustering in spatial transcriptomics via self-supervised contrastive learning
Authors: Liu Wei , Wang Bo , Bai Yuting , Liang Xiao , Xue Li , Luo Jiawei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Spatial transcriptomics technologies enable the generation of gene expression profiles while preserving spatial context, providing the potential for in-depth understanding of spatial-specific tissue heterogeneity. Leveraging gene and spatial data effectively is fundamental to accurately identifying spatial domains in spatial transcriptomics analysis. However, many existing methods have not yet fully exploited the local neighborhood details within spatial information. To address this issue, we introduce SpaGIC, a novel graph-based deep learning framework integrating graph convolutional networks and self-supervised contrastive learning techniques. SpaGIC learns meaningful latent embeddings of spots by maximizing both edge-wise and local neighborhood-wise mutual information of graph structures, as well as minimizing the embedding distance between spatially adjacent spots. We evaluated SpaGIC on seven spatial transcriptomics datasets across various technology platforms. The experimental results demonstrated that SpaGIC consistently outperformed existing state-of-the-art methods in several tasks, such as spatial domain identification, data denoising, visualization, and trajectory inference. Additionally, SpaGIC is capable of performing joint analyses of multiple slices, further underscoring its versatility and effectiveness in spatial transcriptomics research.
Predicting bacterial transcription factor binding sites through machine learning and structural characterization based on DNA duplex stability
Authors: Borges Farias André , Sganzerla Martinez Gustavo , Galán-Vásquez Edgardo , Nicolás Marisa Fabiana , Pérez-Rueda Ernesto 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Transcriptional factors (TFs) in bacteria play a crucial role in gene regulation by binding to specific DNA sequences, thereby assisting in the activation or repression of genes. Despite their central role, deciphering shape recognition of bacterial TFs-DNA interactions remains an intricate challenge. A deeper understanding of DNA secondary structures could greatly enhance our knowledge of how TFs recognize and interact with DNA, thereby elucidating their biological function. In this study, we employed machine learning algorithms to predict transcription factor binding sites (TFBS) and classify them as directed-repeat (DR) or inverted-repeat (IR). To accomplish this, we divided the set of TFBS nucleotide sequences by size, ranging from 8 to 20 base pairs, and converted them into thermodynamic data known as DNA duplex stability (DDS). Our results demonstrate that the Random Forest algorithm accurately predicts TFBS with an average accuracy of over 82% and effectively distinguishes between IR and DR with an accuracy of 89%. Interestingly, upon converting the base pairs of several TFBS-IR into DDS values, we observed a symmetric profile typical of the palindromic structure associated with these architectures. This study presents a novel TFBS prediction model based on a DDS characteristic that may indicate how respective proteins interact with base pairs, thus providing insights into molecular mechanisms underlying bacterial TFs-DNA interaction.
A review of applications of photon-counting computed tomography in head and neck imaging
Authors: Dogra Siddhant , Shekhrajka Nitesh , Moonis Gul 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Photon-counting CT (PCCT), approved for clinical practice for over 2 years now, both improves on features of conventional energy-integrating detector (EID)-CT and introduces new capabilities such as multienergy acquisition. PCCT is already transforming all domains of radiology, including head and neck imaging, and will become increasingly utilized in the approaching years. In this review, we first concisely explain the key physical principles distinguishing PCCT from EID-CT. We then discuss how the underlying physics leads to the novel features associated with PCCT, focusing on improved artefact reduction, spatial resolution, contrast-to-noise ratio, as well as multienergy acquisition and reduced contrast and radiation doses. Next, we review head and neck PCCT applications and comparison to EID-CT in dental imaging, sinus imaging, temporal bone, tumour imaging, and vascular imaging. Within the temporal bone applications, we explore normal anatomy, pathologic anatomy, and the appearance of prostheses and implants. Representative imaging is provided to highlight differences between PCCT and EID-CT. Finally, we highlight areas of ongoing research in PCCT.
Real-world efficacy and safety of dupilumab for paediatric atopic dermatitis: a multicentre retrospective study
Authors: Pirov Eitan , Molho-Pessach Vered , Cohen-Barak Eran , Barak Levitt Jen A , Barzilai Aviv , Bar Jonathan , Renert-Yuval Yael , Bar-Ilan Efrat , Friedland Rivka , Greenberger Shoshana 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Real-world data regarding the use of dupilumab in children with atopic dermatitis (AD) are limited.

Objectives
To evaluate the real-world efficacy of dupilumab in children with moderate-to-severe AD over an extended follow-up period.

Methods
This was a retrospective study of patients (≤ 18 years) with moderate-to-severe AD treated with dupilumab in four Israeli tertiary centres. Efficacy and safety were assessed using descriptive statistics.

Results
In total, 230 patients were included in the analysis [age 9.9 years (SD 4.3), male/female 1 : 1 ratio)]. Of them, 59.6% (137/230) had ≥ 1 atopic comorbidity. The follow-up duration ranged from 2 to 248 weeks, with a median of 52 weeks (interquartile range 24–96). Within 12 weeks of treatment, 41.7% (68/163) of patients had reached Investigator Global Assessment 0–1. The mean body surface area was reduced from 58.0% (SD 20.5%) at baseline to 27.8% (SD 20.2%) at 12 weeks. The average Pruritus Numeric Rating Scale score was reduced from 7.9 (SD 2.2) at baseline to 2.3 (SD 2.8) at 12 weeks. Adverse events, in 210 patients, included conjunctivitis in 34 patients (16.2%), injection-site reactions in 11 patients (5.2%) and dupilumab-associated head and neck dermatitis in 6 patients (2.9%). Overall, 26 of 210 patients (12.3%) discontinued the treatment: 9 of the 26 patients (35%) because of adverse events and 15 patients (58%) because of inadequate efficacy. The overall probability of dupilumab survival at 52 weeks was 94.0%.

Conclusions
Real-world data presented here for 230 paediatric and adolescents with moderate-to-severe AD reinforce dupilumab’s efficacy and safety and highlight dupilumab’s high survival rate after 1 year of treatment in the paediatric population.
Optimizing ring selection for secondary tricuspid regurgitation: the role of body size
Authors: Ono Yoshikazu , Yajima Shin , Kainuma Satoshi , Kawamoto Naonori , Tadokoro Naoki , Fujita Tomoyuki , Fukushima Satsuki 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The goal of this study was to investigate whether a larger prosthetic ring relative to a patient’s body surface area (BSA) is associated with an increased risk of tricuspid regurgitation (TR) recurrence after tricuspid annuloplasty and of adverse effects on long-term outcomes.

METHODS
We retrospectively enrolled 239 patients who underwent tricuspid ring annuloplasty and mitral valve surgery between 2011 and 2016. The tricuspid annuloplasty ring index (TARI) was calculated by dividing the size of the annuloplasty ring (mm) by the BSA (m2). Risk factors for recurrent TR were determined using multivariate analysis. Long-term clinical outcomes were compared between propensity score matched large and small TARI groups.

RESULTS
The annuloplasty ring size unadjusted for BSA did not affect TR recurrence (P = 0.388). TARI [subdistribution hazard ratio 1.34; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07–1.67, P = 0.009] and right ventricular dimension (P = 0.020) were independent risk factors for recurrent TR in multivariate analyses. The cut-off value for differentiating the small from the large TARI group was 19.0 mm/m2. In the matched cohort, the cumulative TR recurrence at 3 years postoperatively was 0% in the small TARI group and 7.1% (95% CI 0–14.8%) in the large TARI group (P = 0.025). The cumulative incidence of adverse events at 3 years postoperatively was 8.3% (95% CI 5.1–16.2%) in the small TARI group and 13.2% (95% CI 3.3–23.0) in the large TARI group (P = 0.085).

CONCLUSIONS
The patient’s body size might better be considered when determining the tricuspid ring size.
Semi-constant source radius and variable stress drop of repeating earthquakes: a fluid-invasion hypothesis for earthquake generation
Authors: Nakajima Junichi , Hasegawa Akira 
Published: November 2024

SUMMARY
Earthquakes with very similar waveforms have been recognized as repeating earthquakes, or repeaters, which are interpreted as repeated ruptures of an isolated, frictionally locked asperity patch that are caused by stress loading due to aseismic slip in the surrounding stable regime of the fault. Ideally, the repeated ruptures of the same asperity result in the same source dimension and stress drop. However, significant variations in the stress drop have been observed during fluid-injection experiments even for a single repeater sequence. This study focuses repeater sequences in three different tectonic regimes beneath the Japanese Islands and investigates variations in the source dimension and stress drop in the same repeater sequences. The obtained results show that the variation in the source radius is mostly within 20–30 per cent in individual repeater sequences but the stress drop is largely variable by one order of magnitude or more. We propose a fluid-invasion hypothesis to explain our observations. When pore-fluid pressures gradually invade into an asperity, the edge of the asperity tends to behave as aseismic because of the reduction of the effective normal stress to values below the critical value of effective normal stress, which makes the source radius somewhat smaller. Simultaneously, the amount of the fluid invasion into the asperity fluctuates the shear strength of the asperity, with the stress drop being smaller for higher pore-fluid pressures. The reduced source radius and stress drop expected from the fluid-invasion hypothesis can explain positive correlations between the source radius and seismic moment. We propose a conceptual model for earthquake generation by involving the triggering of aseismic slip by the enhancement of pore-fluid pressures and subsequent rupture of asperity by the stress loading due to the aseismic slip, which can be potentially applied to the genesis of repeaters and non-repeaters.
VISTA: A Tool for Fast Taxonomic Assignment of Viral Genome Sequences
Authors: Zhang Tao , Liu Yiyun , Guo Xutong , Zhang Xinran , Zheng Xinchang , Zhang Mochen , Bao Yiming 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The rapid expansion of the number of viral genome sequences in public databases necessitates a scalable, universal, and automated preliminary taxonomic framework for comprehensive virus studies. Here, we introduce VISTA (Virus Sequence-based Taxonomy Assignment), a computational tool that employs a novel pairwise sequence comparison system and an automatic demarcation threshold identification framework for virus taxonomy. Leveraging physio-chemical property sequences, k-mer profiles, and machine learning techniques, VISTA constructs a robust distance-based framework for taxonomic assignment. Functionally similar to PASC (Pairwise Sequence Comparison), a widely used virus assignment tool based on pairwise sequence comparison, VISTA demonstrates superior performance by providing significantly improved separation for taxonomic groups, more objective taxonomic demarcation thresholds, greatly enhanced speed, and a wider application scope. We successfully applied VISTA to 38 virus families, as well as to the class Caudoviricetes. This demonstrates VISTA's scalability, robustness, and ability to automatically and accurately assign taxonomy to both prokaryotic and eukaryotic viruses. Furthermore, the application of VISTA to 679 unclassified prokaryotic virus genomes recovered from metagenomic data identified 46 novel virus families. VISTA is available as both a command line tool and a user-friendly web portal at https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/vista.
Why Symptoms Linger in Quiescent Crohn’s Disease: Investigating the Impact of Sulfidogenic Microbes and Sulfur Metabolic Pathways
Authors: Golob Jonathan , Rao Krishna , Berinstein Jeffrey A , Singh Prashant , Chey William D , Owyang Chung , Kamada Nobuhiko , Higgins Peter D R , Young Vincent , Bishu Shrinivas , Lee Allen A 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Even in the absence of inflammation, persistent symptoms in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) are prevalent and worsen quality of life. We previously demonstrated enrichment in sulfidogenic microbes in quiescent Crohn’s disease patients with (qCD + S) vs without persistent GI symptoms (qCD-S). Thus, we hypothesized that sulfur metabolic pathways would be enriched in stool while differentially abundant microbes would be associated with important sulfur metabolic pathways in qCD + S.

Methods
We performed a multicenter observational study nested within SPARC IBD. Quiescent inflammation was defined by fecal calprotectin level &lt; 150 mcg/g. Persistent symptoms were defined by CD-PRO2. Active CD (aCD) and non-IBD diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) were included as controls.

Results
Thirty-nine patients with qCD + S, 274 qCD-S, 21 aCD, and 40 IBS-D underwent paired shotgun metagenomic sequencing and untargeted metabolomic profiling. The fecal metabolome in qCD + S was significantly different relative to qCD-S and IBS-D but not aCD. Patients with qCD + S were enriched in sulfur-containing amino acid pathways, including cysteine and methionine, as well as serine, glycine, and threonine. Glutathione and nicotinate/nicotinamide pathways were also enriched in qCD + S relative to qCD-S, suggestive of mitochondrial dysfunction, a downstream target of H2S signaling. Multi-omic integration demonstrated that enriched microbes in qCD + S were associated with important sulfur metabolic pathways. Bacterial sulfur metabolic genes, including CTH, isfD, sarD, and asrC, were dysregulated in qCD + S. Finally, sulfur metabolites with and without sulfidogenic microbes showed good accuracy in predicting the presence of qCD + S.

Discussion
Microbial-derived sulfur pathways and downstream mitochondrial function are perturbed in qCD + S, which implicate H2S signaling in the pathogenesis of this condition. Future studies will determine whether targeting H2S pathways results in improved quality of life in qCD + S.
Environmental Versus Economic Concerns in Bolivia: Does Support for Extractivism Affect Environmental Concern?
Authors: Marull Maita Carmen Rosa , Schorr Bettina 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article examines environmental concerns in Bolivia, a middle-income country with an extractivist economy, addressing a gap in the literature that predominantly focuses on the Global North. We investigate how extractivism, a common condition in many Global South countries, influences environmental concerns. Our approach highlights the multidimensional nature of environmental concern and the significance of context in shaping it. We explore whether individuals are willing to overlook the environmental costs of extractivism if they perceive it as economically beneficial. Drawing on the literature on environmental concern and extractivism, the study presents 2 key findings. First, it confirms that individuals supporting the extractivist development model are more likely to accept its environmental costs as long as they expect economic gains. Second, it reveals a positive relationship between support for extractivism and environmental awareness, suggesting that while people care about the environment, they prioritize economic over ecological concerns. These findings reinforce the argument that extractivism is an important contextual factor influencing environmental concern and highlight the trade-offs between economic and environmental priorities in extractivist economies. Our conclusions are based on descriptive statistics and multivariate regressions using data from the 2022 “Ecobarómetro—Environmental Culture Survey” conducted in 3 Bolivian cities.
Epistemology and history: how to ‘make’ post-critical history—with Actor-Network Theory and Bruno Latour
Authors: Rohstock Anne 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Constructivism, contextualization, and critique—these three concepts are central to and representative of educational research. This article elaborates in three steps why it is important for educational research to engage epistemologically with Bruno Latour and Actor-Network Theory (ANT) in order to revise these basic concepts. The first section identifies some of the historical trajectories that helped to establish the belief in constructivism, contextualization, and critique in educational research. A second section deals with the shifts Latour proposes in order to revision constructivism and contextualization, and, in doing so, to reframe critique. I suggest that this reframing may be called ‘post-critique’. A third section takes up the example of the history of educational technologies to illustrate why it is important to link epistemology and history in educational research and how exactly this can be done by ‘making’ post-critical history with Latour and ANT.
Sexual dysfunction in lymphoma survivors: a scoping review
Authors: Durosier Mertilus Dorothie S , Rodriguez Carmen S 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Lymphoma and cancer-related treatment can cause many complications, including sexual dysfunction, a common symptom experienced by lymphoma survivors during the disease trajectory and survivorship.

Aims
A scoping review was performed to determine the current state of knowledge about sexual dysfunction in lymphoma survivors and identify knowledge gaps and implications for future research.

Methods
PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and PsycINFO were searched to identify all primary peer-reviewed research articles published in the English language that were pertinent to sexual dysfunction in lymphoma survivors. The framework of Arksey and O’Malley and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews Checklist were used to assess and synthesize the available evidence on sexual dysfunction in lymphoma survivors.

Outcomes
This review provided supportive evidence that sexual function in lymphoma survivors is a major ongoing area of concern.

Results
Thirty eligible articles published from 1979 to 2023 were appraised in this review. Most of the studies (73.33%) used a cross-sectional design. Using the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies, more than half of the publications (53.33%) achieved a C quality ranking. The reviewed studies revealed that sexual dysfunction was a prevalent symptom experienced by lymphoma survivors, with predictors such as age, gender, sex hormones, stage of disease, and types of cancer treatment.

Clinical Implications
Healthcare providers need to consistently perform routine assessment of sexual function and provide adequate treatment options.

Strengths and Limitations
The reviewed studies document the problem of sexual dysfunction and offer potential areas of improvement for clinical practice. However, in the majority of the studies, longitudinal data were not obtained which could provide valuable insights on sexual functioning in lymphoma survivors.

Conclusion
Despite many years of research on sexual function in lymphoma survivors, substantial gaps in knowledge regarding sexual issues in this population remain.

Implications for Practice
Healthcare providers should routinely assess sexual function of survivors and provide treatment options. Psychosexual interventions should be tailored for the needs of cancer survivors. Sexual function education is essential for all oncologists and should be included in the care pathway from diagnosis until survivorship.