bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spiral Crystal Growth in the Czochralski Process—Revisited, with New Interpretations
Authors: Schwabe Dietrich G. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHerein, the features of some Czochralski crystals with spiral morphology are investigated in detail to develop a model for their spiral growth. The case of a cylindrically growing crystal with a spontaneous transition to spiral growth is considered. At the onset of spiral growth, the development of a “foot” in the meniscus region is identified. It is shown that the growth of a foot takes place under “flaring growth conditions.” Insufficient axial heat transport through the crystal leads to a concave interface which is behind the flaring growth. The constraints of automatic weight control force the flaring crystal to grow as a spiral. The selection of a single foot is assisted by temperature fluctuations in the melt. Some symmetry breakings during spiral growth, for example, a meniscus deformation by rotation and the azimuthal growth in the meniscus, have been described already by the author earlier. Only recently spiral growth has been encountered with Czochralski silicon, grown at high pulling speed. These hypotheses on spiral growth hold for high‐melting‐point oxides as well as for the lower melting silicon.
Ionic Liquid Modified Single‐use Electrode Developed for Voltammetric Detection of miRNA‐34a and its Application to Real Samples
Authors: Yaralı Ece , Kanat Erkin , Erac Yasemin , Erdem Arzum 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe ionic liquid (IL) modified chemically activated (CA) pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs) were developed for label‐free voltammetric detection of miRNA‐34a, and implemented to the real samples. Firstly, the electrochemical characterization of unmodified PGE, CA‐PGE, IL‐PGE and IL‐CA‐PGE was performed by cyclic voltammetry (CV) as well as their DNA binding capacity was studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique. The microscopic characterization of the surface of each electrodes was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) technique was used for measuring the oxidation signal of guanine in order to perform a label‐free voltammetric monitoring of a full‐match hybridization specific to miRNA‐34a. The selectivity of biosensor was tested against to miRNA‐155, miRNA‐660 as well as to the mismatch sequence of miRNA‐34a. The further selectivity of this proposed biosensor was studied in the mixture of samples containing miRNA‐34a with other miRNAs (1 : 1). The voltammetric detection of miRNA‐34a was also explored in the artificial serum medium as fetal bovine serum (FBS) and also in total RNA samples isolated from HUH‐7 human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line.
Self‐sustained oscillations within the temperature hysteresis in CO oxidation over Pd: Mathematical model of a cascade of continuous stirred‐tank reactors
Authors: Lashina Elena A. , Slavinskaya Elena M. , Chumakova Nataliya A. , Chumakov Gennadii A. , Boronin Andrei I. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe results of temperature‐programmed reaction experimental studies and mathematical modeling of self‐sustained oscillations within an inverse temperature hysteresis in CO oxidation over Pd catalyst are presented. The experimental data demonstrate the influence of the reaction medium on the catalyst activity under reaction conditions. Under oxygen excess in the feeding gas mixture and high temperature, the defects appeared on the initially flat surface of metallic palladium due to deep oxidation of palladium (three‐dimensional PdO nanoparticles were observed). The palladium oxide reduced under cooling of the catalytic system, and the catalyst surface became flat again. To take into account these variations of the palladium surface structure, we consider the piecewise‐constant dependence of the rate constant of some reaction step on the concentrations of oxygen species, namely, the dissolved oxygen or oxide in the palladium bulk. The proposed model of the process in the cascade of continuous stirred‐tank reactors that account for these dependences qualitatively describes the inverse temperature hysteresis as well as the oscillatory dynamics within the hysteresis loop which were obtained experimentally.
A Brief Introduction to Integrated Pest Management for Aquatic Systems
Authors: Hubert Terrance D. , Miller James , Burkett Dale 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Aquatic invasive plants and animals are increasingly becoming a problem, causing severe economic and ecological damage to critical freshwater systems. The best strategy for controlling an invasive pest employs an integrated pest management (IPM) approach using a combination of biological, physical, chemical, and social/cultural control methods. Here, we examine the history and development of IPM and provide a discussion of the components of an IPM program involving development, evaluation, and management. Control approaches will be reviewed and the application of this technique to aquatic systems will be discussed. A discussion of the Great Lakes Fishery Commission's (GLFC) Integrated Management of Sea Lamprey Petromyzon marinus Control Program will be provided to illustrate the application of IPM to an aquatic system.
Bioinformatics Tools and Workflow to Select Blood Biomarkers for Early Cancer Diagnosis: An Application to Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Vandenbrouck Yves , Christiany David , Combes Florence , Loux Valentin , Brun Virginie 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSecretome proteomics for the discovery of cancer biomarkers holds great potential to improve early cancer diagnosis. A knowledge‐based approach relying on mechanistic criteria related to the type of cancer should help to identify candidates from available “omics” information. With the aim of accelerating the discovery process for novel biomarkers, a set of tools is developed and made available via a Galaxy‐based instance to assist end‐users biologists. These implemented tools proceed by a step‐by‐step strategy to mine transcriptomics and proteomics databases for information relating to tissue specificity, allow the selection of proteins that are part of the secretome, and combine this information with proteomics datasets to rank the most promising candidate biomarkers for early cancer diagnosis. Using pancreatic cancer as a case study, this strategy produces a list of 24 candidate biomarkers suitable for experimental assessment by MS‐based proteomics. Among these proteins, three (SYCN, REG1B, and PRSS2) were previously reported as circulating candidate biomarkers of pancreatic cancer. Here, further refinement of this list allows to prioritize 14 candidate biomarkers along with their associated proteotypic peptides for further investigation, using targeted MS‐based proteomics. The bioinformatics tools and the workflow implementing this strategy for the selection of candidate biomarkers are freely accessible at http://www.proteore.org.
2D to 3D Manipulation and Assembly of Microstructures Using Optothermally Generated Surface Bubble Microrobots
Authors: Dai Liguo , Ge Zhixing , Jiao Niandong , Liu Lianqing 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHydrogel microstructures that encapsulate cells can be assembled into tissues and have broad applications in biology and medicine. However, 3D posture control for a single arbitrary microstructure remains a challenge. A novel 3D manipulation and assembly technique based on optothermally generated bubble robots is proposed. The generation, rate of growth, and motion of a microbubble robot can be controlled by modulating the power of a laser focused on the interface between the substrate and a fluid. In addition to 2D operations, bubble robots are able to perform 3D manipulations. The 3D properties of hydrogel microstructures are adjusted arbitrarily, and convex and concave structures with different heights are designed. Furthermore, annular micromodules are assembled into 3D constructs, including tubular and concentric constructs. A variety of hydrogel microstructures of different sizes and shapes are operated and assembled in both 2D and 3D conformations by bubble robots. The manipulation and assembly methods are simple, rapid, versatile, and can be used for fabricating tissue constructs.
Molybdenum Disulfide Nanosheet/Quantum Dot Dynamic Memristive Structure Driven by Photoinduced Phase Transition
Authors: Fu Xiao , Zhang Lei , Cho Hak D. , Kang Tae Won , Fu Dejun , Lee Dongjin , Lee Sang Wuk , Li Luying , Qi Tianyu , Chan Abdul S. , Yunusov Ziyodbek A. , Panin Gennady N. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMoS2 2D nanosheets (NS) with intercalated 0D quantum dots (QDs) represent promising structures for creating low‐dimensional (LD) resistive memory devices. Nonvolatile memristors based 2D materials demonstrate low power consumption and ultrahigh density. Here, the observation of a photoinduced phase transition in the 2D NS/0D QDs MoS2 structure providing dynamic resistive memory is reported. The resistive switching of the MoS2 NS/QD structure is observed in an electric field and can be controlled through local QD excitations. Photoexcitation of the LD structure at different laser power densities leads to a reversible MoS2 2H‐1T phase transition and demonstrates the potential of the LD structure for implementing a new dynamic ultrafast photoresistive memory. The dynamic LD photomemristive structure is attractive for real‐time pattern recognition and photoconfiguration of artificial neural networks in a wide spectral range of sensitivity provided by QDs.
Towards an Explicit Construction of Local Observables in Integrable Quantum Field Theories
Authors: Bostelmann Henning , Cadamuro Daniela 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We present a new viewpoint on the construction of pointlike local fields in integrable models of quantum field theory. As usual, we define these local observables by their form factors; but rather than exhibiting their n-point functions and verifying the Wightman axioms, we aim to establish them as closed operators affiliated with a net of local von Neumann algebras, which is defined indirectly via wedge-local quantities. We also investigate whether these fields have the Reeh–Schlieder property, and in which sense they generate the net of algebras. Our investigation focuses on scalar models without bound states. We establish sufficient criteria for the existence of averaged fields as closable operators, and complete the construction in the specific case of the massive Ising model.
Functoriality of motivic lifts of the canonical construction
Authors: Torzewski Alex 
Published: September 2019

AbstractLet$$(G,{\mathfrak {X}})$$(G,X)be a Shimura datum andKa neat open compact subgroup of$$G(\mathbb {A}_f)$$G(Af). Under mild hypothesis on$$(G,{\mathfrak {X}})$$(G,X), the canonical construction associates a variation of Hodge structure on$$\text {Sh}_K(G,{\mathfrak {X}})(\mathbb {C})$$ShK(G,X)(C)to a representation ofG. It is conjectured that this should be of motivic origin. Specifically, there should be a lift of the canonical construction which takes values in relative Chow motives over$$\text {Sh}_K(G,{\mathfrak {X}})$$ShK(G,X)and is functorial in$$(G,{\mathfrak {X}})$$(G,X). Using the formalism of mixed Shimura varieties, we show that such a motivic lift exists on the full subcategory of representations of Hodge type$$\{(-1,0),(0,-1)\}$${(-1,0),(0,-1)}. If$$(G,{\mathfrak {X}})$$(G,X)is equipped with a choice of PEL-datum, Ancona has defined a motivic lift for all representations ofG. We show that this is independent of the choice of PEL-datum and give criteria for it to be compatible with base change. Additionally, we provide a classification of Shimura data of PEL-type and demonstrate that the canonical construction is applicable in this context.
Hyperfocus: the forgotten frontier of attention
Authors: Ashinoff Brandon K. , Abu-Akel Ahmad 
Published: September 2019

Abstract‘Hyperfocus’ is a phenomenon that reflects one’s complete absorption in a task, to a point where a person appears to completely ignore or ‘tune out’ everything else. Hyperfocus is most often mentioned in the context of autism, schizophrenia, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, but research into its effect on cognitive and neural functioning is limited. We propose that hyperfocus is a critically important aspect of cognition, particularly with regard to clinical populations, and that it warrants significant investigation. Hyperfocus, though ostensibly self-explanatory, is poorly defined within the literature. In many cases, hyperfocus goes undefined, relying on the assumption that the reader inherently knows what it entails. Thus, there is no single consensus to what constitutes hyperfocus. Moreover, some studies do not refer to hyperfocus by name, but describe processes that may be related. In this paper, we review how hyperfocus (as well as possibly related phenomena) has been defined and measured, the challenges associated with hyperfocus research, and assess how hyperfocus affects both neurotypical and clinical populations. Using this foundation, we provide constructive criticism about previously used methods and analyses. We also propose an operational definition of hyperfocus for researchers to use moving forward.
The shortcomings of accurate rate estimations in cultivation processes and a solution for precise and robust process modeling
Authors: Bayer B. , Sissolak B. , Duerkop M. , von Stosch M. , Striedner G. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The accurate estimation of cell growth or the substrate consumption rate is crucial for the understanding of the current state of a bioprocess. Rates unveil the actual cell status, making them valuable for quality-by-design concepts. However, in bioprocesses, the real rates are commonly not accessible due to analytical errors. We simulated Escherichia coli fed-batch fermentations, sampled at four different intervals and added five levels of noise to mimic analytical inaccuracy. We computed stepwise integral estimations with and without using moving average estimations, and smoothing spline interpolations to compare the accuracy and precision of each method to calculate the rates. We demonstrate that stepwise integration results in low accuracy and precision, especially at higher sampling frequencies. Contrary, a simple smoothing spline function displayed both the highest accuracy and precision regardless of the chosen sampling interval. Based on this, we tested three different options for substrate uptake rate estimations.
Aortic valve stenosis awareness in Austria—results of a nationwide survey in 1001 subjects
Authors: Hengstenberg Christian , Thoenes Martin , Bramlage Peter , Siller-Matula Jolanta , Mascherbauer Julia 
Published: September 2019

Summary
Despite the prognostic significance of severe aortic valve stenosis, knowledge is limited in the general population. To document the status quo for Austria, knowledge about valvular heart disease/aortic valve stenosis was documented in 1001 participants >60 years of age. 6.7% of respondents were knowledgeable of aortic valve stenosis, with 1.6% being concerned about the condition (24.1% cancer, 18.8% Alzheimer’s disease, 15.1% stroke). 29.5% were familiar with valvular heart disease (76.7% heart attack, 36.9% stroke). Only 1/3 reported auscultation by their general practitioner (GP) at least every third visit. Typical symptoms of aortic valve stenosis were likely to be reported by 50%. After exposure to further information on aortic valve stenosis, only 20% reported to be more concerned and ready to obtain more disease-related information. Awareness of surgical and catheter-based treatment options was claimed by 77% of respondents. Awareness campaigns on valvular heart disease are warranted to improve patient care in Austria.
ZIP14 is degraded in response to manganese exposure
Authors: Thompson Khristy J. , Wessling-Resnick Marianne 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential element necessary for proper development and brain function. Circulating Mn levels are regulated by hepatobiliary clearance to limit toxic levels and prevent tissue deposition. To characterize mechanisms involved in hepatocyte Mn uptake, polarized human HepaRG cells were used for this study. Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence microscopy showed the Mn transporter ZIP14 was expressed and localized to the basolateral surface of polarized HepaRG cells. HepaRG cells took up 54Mn in a time- and temperature-dependent manner but uptake was reduced after exposure to Mn. This loss in transport activity was associated with decreased ZIP14 protein levels in response to Mn exposure. Mn-induced degradation of ZIP14 was blocked by bafilomycin A1, which increased localization of the transporter in Lamp1-positive vesicles. Mn exposure also down-regulated the Golgi proteins TMEM165 and GPP130 while the ER stress marker BiP was induced. These results indicate that Mn exposure decreases ZIP14 protein levels to limit subsequent uptake of Mn as a cytoprotective response. Thus, high levels of Mn may compromise first-pass-hepatic clearance mechanisms.
Wind-Turbine and Wind-Farm Flows: A Review
Authors: Porté-Agel Fernando , Bastankhah Majid , Shamsoddin Sina 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWind energy, together with other renewable energy sources, are expected to grow substantially in the coming decades and play a key role in mitigating climate change and achieving energy sustainability. One of the main challenges in optimizing the design, operation, control, and grid integration of wind farms is the prediction of their performance, owing to the complex multiscale two-way interactions between wind farms and the turbulent atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). From a fluid mechanical perspective, these interactions are complicated by the high Reynolds number of the ABL flow, its inherent unsteadiness due to the diurnal cycle and synoptic-forcing variability, the ubiquitous nature of thermal effects, and the heterogeneity of the terrain. Particularly important is the effect of ABL turbulence on wind-turbine wake flows and their superposition, as they are responsible for considerable turbine power losses and fatigue loads in wind farms. These flow interactions affect, in turn, the structure of the ABL and the turbulent fluxes of momentum and scalars. This review summarizes recent experimental, computational, and theoretical research efforts that have contributed to improving our understanding and ability to predict the interactions of ABL flow with wind turbines and wind farms.
Intraperitoneal mitomycin C improves survival compared to cytoreductive surgery alone in an experimental model of high-grade pseudomyxoma peritonei
Authors: Sørensen Olaf , Andersen Anders Mikal , Larsen Stein Gunnar , Giercksky Karl-Erik , Flatmark Kjersti 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a rare cancer commonly originating from appendiceal neoplasms that presents with mucinous tumor spread in the peritoneal cavity. Patients with PMP are treated with curative intent by cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). The value of adding HIPEC to CRS has not been proven in randomized trials, and the objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of intraperitoneal mitomycin C (MMC) and regional hyperthermia as components of this complex treatment. Xenograft tissue established from a patient with histologically high-grade PMP with signet ring cell differentiation was implanted intraperitoneally in 65 athymic nude male rats and the animals were stratified into three treatment groups; the cytoreductive surgery group (CRSG, CRS only), the normothermic group (NG, CRS and intraperitoneal chemotherapy perfusion (IPEC) with MMC at 35 ºC), and the hyperthermic group (HG, CRS and IPEC at 41 ºC). The main endpoints were survival and tumor weight at autopsy. Adequate imitation of the clinical setting and treatment approach was achieved. The median survival was 31 days in the CRSG, 60 days in NG and 67 days in HG. The median tumor weights at autopsy were 34 g in CRSG, 23 g NG and 20 g in HG. In conclusion, the addition of IPEC with MMC after CRS doubled the survival time and reduced tumor growth compared to CRS alone. Adding regional hyperthermia resulted in a modest improvement of treatment outcome.
Mapping EQ-5D-3L from the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS)
Authors: Kiadaliri Ali , Alava Monica Hernández , Roos Ewa M. , Englund Martin 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Purpose
To develop a mapping model to estimate EQ-5D-3L from the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS).

Methods
The responses to EQ-5D-3L and KOOS questionnaires (n = 40,459 observations) were obtained from the Swedish National anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) Register for patients ≥ 18 years with the knee ACL injury. We used linear regression (LR) and beta-mixture (BM) for direct mapping and the generalized ordered probit model for response mapping (RM). We compared the distribution of the original data to the distributions of the data generated using the estimated models.

Results
Models with individual KOOS subscales performed better than those with the average of KOOS subscale scores (KOOS5, KOOS4). LR had the poorest performance overall and across the range of disease severity particularly at the extremes of the distribution of severity. Compared with the RM, the BM performed better across the entire range of disease severity except the most severe range (KOOS5 < 25). Moving from the most to the least disease severity was associated with 0.785 gain in the observed EQ-5D-3L. The corresponding value was 0.743, 0.772 and 0.782 for LR, BM and RM, respectively. LR generated simulated EQ-5D-3L values outside the feasible range. The distribution of simulated data generated from the BM model was almost identical to the original data.

Conclusions
We developed mapping models to estimate EQ-5D-3L from KOOS facilitating application of KOOS in cost-utility analyses. The BM showed superior performance for estimating EQ-5D-3L from KOOS. Further validation of the estimated models in different independent samples is warranted.
Using Linked Longitudinal Administrative Data to Identify Social Disadvantage
Authors: Pattaro Serena , Bailey Nick , Dibben Chris 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAdministrative data are widely used to construct indicators of social disadvantage, such as Free School Meals eligibility and Indices of Multiple Deprivation, for policy purposes. For research these indicators are often a compromise between accuracy and simplicity, because they rely on cross-sectional data. The growing availability of longitudinal administrative data may aid construction of more accurate indicators for research. To illustrate this potential, we use administrative data on welfare benefits from DWP’s National Benefits Database and annual earnings from employment from HMRC’s P14/P60 data to reconstruct individual labour market histories over a 5-year period. These administrative datasets were linked to survey data from the Poverty and Social Exclusion UK 2012. Results from descriptive and logistic regression analyses show that longitudinal measures correlate highly with survey responses on the same topic and are stronger predictors of poverty risks than measures based on cross-sectional data. These results suggest that longitudinal administrative measures would have potentially wide-ranging applications in policy as well as poverty research.