bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corneal Wound Healing Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome Delivered Within a Viscoelastic Gel Carrier
Authors: Fernandes-Cunha Gabriella Maria , Na Kyung-Sun , Putra Ilham , Lee Hyun Jong , Hull Sarah , Cheng Yu-Chia , Blanco Ignacio Jesus , Eslani Medi , Djalilian Ali R. , Myung David 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSevere corneal injuries often result in permanent vision loss and remain a clinical challenge. Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their secreted factors (secretome) have been studied for their antiscarring, anti-inflammatory, and antiangiogeneic properties. We aimed to deliver lyophilized MSC secretome (MSC-S) within a viscoelastic gel composed of hyaluronic acid (HA) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) as a way to enhance corneal re-epithelialization and reduce complications after mechanical and chemical injuries of the cornea. We hypothesized that delivering MSC-S within HA/CS would have improved wound healing effects compared the with either MSC-S or HA/CS alone. The results showed that a once-daily application of MSC-S in HA/CS enhances epithelial cell proliferation and wound healing after injury to the cornea. It also reduced scar formation, neovascularization, and hemorrhage after alkaline corneal burns. We found that combining MSC-S and HA/CS increased the expression of CD44 receptors colocalized with HA, suggesting that the observed therapeutic effects between the MSC-S and HA/CS are in part mediated by CD44 receptor upregulation and activation by HA. The results from this study demonstrate a reproducible and efficient approach for delivering the MSC-S to the ocular surface for treatment of severe corneal injuries. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:478–489
Female parliamentarism and genuine savings: A cross‐country test
Authors: Salahodjaev Raufhon , Jarilkapova Dilyafruz 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study to contribute to the ongoing research on the effect of female political participation on socioeconomic outcomes. In this study, we explore the link between the proportion of women in parliament and sustainable development, measured by genuine savings indicator. Our study finds that a 10 percentage point increase in the share of women in parliament is associated with an almost 1.25 percentage point increase in the genuine savings rate. In addition, using instrumental variable regression to overcome the problem of endogeneity, we find that women in parliament have causal effect on genuine savings.
Mechanism of High Chrome Uptake of Tanning Pickled Pelt by Carboxyl‐Terminated Hyper‐Branched Polymer Combination Chrome Tanning
Authors: Yao Qi , Wang Yetao , Chen Hualin , Huang Henghui , Liu Bailing 
Published: January 2019

AbstractHyper‐branched polymer (HBP) is extensively used in chrome tanning of leather as high chrome exhaustion auxiliary. In this paper, the promoting tanning effect of tanning pickled pelt is compared with different auxiliary, carboxyl‐terminated HBP (CHBP−Cr), gallic acid (GA−Cr), and citric acid (CA−Cr), respectively. The results show that using of CHBP can endow the wet‐blue leather up to 95.2% chrome uptake much higher than gallic acid (89.5%) and citric acid (79.3%) and control trial (69.3%). Furthermore, the thermal degradation stability and hydrothermal stability, which including denaturation temperature and enthalpy are also improved compared to blank trial. In order to explore the mechanism of CHBP acting in, the adding timing of CHBP, chrome concentration variation during the tanning process, the alkaline stability of CHBP as well as chrome distribution in wet‐blue leather are also investigated. It is found that CHBP could expert its optimum effect when adding in the pickling process. In which, CHBP could act as excellent masking agent with good alkaline stability, which slow down the basification process and make the chrome dispersed evenly along the collagen. Moreover, the increased crosslinking density of collagen fibers could stabilize chrome and inhibit outward diffusion of chrome. These results lay a foundation of developing high exhausted chrome agent for clean chrome tanning.
Hierarchical Porous N‐doped Carbon Nanofibers Supported Fe3C/Fe Nanoparticles as Efficient Oxygen Electrocatalysts for Zn−Air Batteries
Authors: Li Qin , Zhao Jing , Wu Mengchen , Li Congling , Han Lei , Liu Rui 
Published: January 2019

AbstractNon‐precious metal nanocomposite has attracted extensive attention as an effective catalyst for both oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Herein, hierarchically porous N‐doped carbon nanofibers supported Fe3C/Fe nanoparticles (denoted as Fe/N‐HCNFs) have been successfully fabricated. The synthesis involved the successive steps of electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF‐8) nanofiber, surface functionalization of tannic acid (TA), coordination with ferric salt and carbonization. The obtained Fe/N‐HCNFs exhibited enhanced electrocatalytic performance for both ORR and OER. Furthermore, Fe/N‐HCNFs delivered a higher power density and an excellent long‐term stability when applied in a constructed Zn‐air battery, which illustrated its outstanding prospects for energy storage and conversion.
Diversely Functionalized N‐Alkyl/Substituted alkyl, S‐2‐nitro‐1‐arylethyl Dithiocarbamates: Green Synthesis, Large Scale Application, and Insights in Reaction Mechanism
Authors: Brahmachari Goutam , Karmakar Indrajit 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA diverse range of functionalized N‐alkyl/substituted alkyl, S‐2‐nitro‐1‐arylethyl dithiocarbamates (4) has been synthesized following a modified protocol based on a three‐component tandem reaction between amines (1), carbon disulfide (2), and substituted β‐nitrostyrenes (3) at ambient temperature. Large scale synthetic application and an investigation to explore the mechanistic aspects of the reaction have also been performed.
Structure and Properties of Starch/Poly (vinyl alcohol) Film Modificated by Different Inorganic Salts
Authors: Du Wenhao , Jiang Ting , Shi Mengke , Yang Zhaojie , Zhang Xi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn this paper, the regularity of different inorganic salts on the structure and properties of starch/ poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) film was studied. The effects of inorganic salts on the structure and properties of starch/PVA film were investigated by scanning election microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, water content test, differential scanning calorimeter, thermogravimetric analysis and tensile test, respectively. The results showed that the plasticizing effect of inorganic salts on starch/PVA composite film was related to the valence and radius of ions. Compared with Li+ and Al3+, the incorporation of Mg2+ significantly improved the compatibility of starch/PVA composite films. Meanwhile, the ability of above three metal chloride salts to destroy the crystal structure of the starch/PVA composite film was essentially the same. When the cation was the same, the effect of inorganic salt containing Cl− on the compatibility of starch/PVA composite film and the destruction of the crystalline structure of starch/PVA composite film were greater than that of NO3−. Among all prepared samples, the magnesium chloride modified starch/PVA composite film has the highest elongation at break and the best flexibility.
Photopolymerized Micelle‐Laden Hydrogels Can Simultaneously Form and Encapsulate Nanocrystals to Improve Drug Substance Solubility and Expedite Drug Product Design
Authors: Godfrin Paul Douglas , Lee Hyundo , Lee Ji Hyun , Doyle Patrick S. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractFormulation technologies are critical for increasing the efficacy of drug products containing poorly soluble hydrophobic drugs, which compose roughly 70% of small molecules in commercial pipelines. Nanomedicines, such as nanocrystal formulations and amorphous solid suspensions, are effective approaches to increasing solubility. However, existing techniques require additional processing into a final dosage form, which strongly influences drug delivery and clinical performance. To enhance hydrophobic drug product efficacy and clinical throughput, a hydrogel material is developed as a sacrificial template to simultaneously form and encapsulate nanocrystals. These hydrogels contain micelles chemically bound to the hydrogel matrix, where the surfactant structure dictates the crystal size and drug loading. Therefore, nanocrystals can be produced in high yield (up to 90% drug loading, by weight) with precisely controlled sizes as small as 4 nm independently of hydrogel composition. Nanocrystals and surfactant are then released together to increase the solubility up to 70 times above bulk crystalline material. By integrating nanocrystals into a final dosage form, micelle‐laden hydrogels simplify hydrophobic drug product design.
Transformation of Rural Economies in Asia and Africa
Authors: Estudillo Jonna P. , Cureg Elyzabeth F. , Otsuka Keijiro 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis chapter explores the causes and consequences of the long-term process of economic transformation in emerging economies in Asia and assesses to what extent such experience is being replicated in Africa. Economic transformation is defined broadly as the process whereby the foci of economic activities shift away from the agriculture to the industry and service sectors. We identified population pressure, modern agricultural technology, and human capital as three drivers of transformation using panel and repeated cross-section household-level datasets drawn from the Philippines, Vietnam, Myanmar, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka in Asia and Mozambique, Kenya, Uganda, and Ethiopia in Africa. Our main finding is that the three drivers interact in a distinct way that, nonetheless, defines a common regional path to emerging economies, which highlights the role of agricultural development as a strong stimulus for economic transformation. The Asian sequence wherein the Green Revolution leads to higher farm income, investment in human capital, sustained nonfarm income growth and poverty reduction is becoming increasingly apparent in Africa as well.
The cellular effects of novel triazine nitrogen mustards in glioblastoma LBC3, LN-18 and LN-229 cell lines
Authors: Krętowski Rafał , Drozdowska Danuta , Kolesińska Beata , Kamiński Zbigniew , Frączyk Justyna , Cechowska-Pasko Marzanna 
Published: January 2019

Summary
1,3,5-triazine is an important heterocyclic skeleton for mono, two or three 2-chloroethylamine groups. The study presented here provides novel information on cellular effects of 1,3,5-triazine with mono, two or three 2-chloroethylamine groups in glioblastoma LBC3, LN-18 and LN-229 cell lines. In our study, the most cytotoxic effect was observed in 1,3,5-triazine with three 2-chloroethylamine groups (12f compound). It has been demonstrated that 12f induce time- and dose-dependent cytotoxicity in all investigated glioma cell lines. Apart from that in glioblastoma cells, treated with 12f compound, we noticed strong induction of apoptosis. In conclusion, this research provides novel information concerning cellular effects of apoptosis in LBC3, LN-18 and LN-229 cell lines. Moreover, we suggest that 12f compound may be a candidate for further evaluation as an effective chemotherapeutic agent for human glioblastoma cells.
Prevalence of late-life depression and gap in mental health service use across European regions
Authors: Horackova Katerina , Kopecek Miloslav , Machů Vendula , Kagstrom Anna , Aarsland Dag , Motlova Lucie Bankovska , Cermakova Pavla 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackground We aimed to determine the prevalence and gap in use of mental health services for late-life depression in four European regions (Western Europe, Scandinavia, Southern Europe and Central and Eastern Europe) and explore socio-demographic, social and health-related factors associated with it.Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study based on data from the Survey on Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe. Participants were a population-based sample of 28 796 persons (53% women, mean age 74 years old) residing in Europe. Mental health service use was estimated using information about the diagnosis or treatment for depression.Results The prevalence of late-life depression was 29% in the whole sample and was highest in Southern Europe (35%), followed by Central and Eastern Europe (32%), Western Europe (26%) and lowest in Scandinavia (17%). Factors that had the strongest association with depression were total number of chronic diseases, pain, limitations in instrumental activities of daily living, grip strength and cognitive impairment. The gap in mental health service use was 79%.Conclusions We suggest that interventions to decrease the burden of late-life depression should be targeted at individuals that are affected by chronic somatic comorbidities and are limited in mental and physical functioning. Promotion of help-seeking of older adults, de-stigmatization of mental illness and education of general practitioners could help decrease the gap in mental health service utilization.
What Do Different Measures of Pain Tell Us? A Comparison in Sexually Active Women With Provoked Vestibulodynia
Authors: Wammen Rathenborg Frederikke Louise , Zdaniuk Bozena , Brotto Lori A. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Studies of pain measurement in women with provoked vestibulodynia (PVD) use various methods of capturing pain intensity. The degree to which these different measures of pain correspond with one another is not known.

Aim
To compare 3 different measures of pain intensity in sexually active women with PVD participating in a clinical treatment study.

Methods
A total of 64 women (mean age 30.9 years) provided baseline measures of pain intensity using (i) a numeric rating scale that provided a self-report of pain during recalled vaginal penetration; (ii) the pain subscale of the female sexual function index; and (iii) pain elicited with a vulvalgesiometer, an objective method of eliciting pain.

Main Outcome Measure
Correlations among these 3 measures of pain were moderate in size (range r = 0.39–0.61). Moreover, the numeric rating scale of pain was more likely to be associated with self-reported measures of pain catastrophizing and pain hypervigilance than were scores on the pain subscale of the female sexual function index or scores from the vulvalgesiometer.

Clinical Implications
Overall, there was a moderate level of correlation between different often-used measures of pain in women with PVD. These findings suggest that, in addition to measuring a common dimension, these different measures tap into different aspects of women’s experiences with vulvovaginal pain, and researchers should consider how the chosen measure addresses their primary research question when selecting pain measures in future PVD research.

Strengths & Limitations
A strength of this study was the large sample size (n = 64 sexually active women) who had received confirmed clinical diagnoses of PVD. 1 limitation of the findings is that our self-report outcome measures are based on retrospective ratings of pain over 4 weeks, and it is possible that other variables, such as mood, could have impacted scores on these measures.

Conclusion
This study showed statistically significant and moderate correlations among 3 different pain measures widely used in PVD research and treatment. In addition, only 1 pain measure showed a significant independent association with emotion function measures. These findings provide a rationale for including multiple measures of pain and emotional function in treatment outcome studies of PVD.
Blood Pressure, Sexual Activity, and Erectile Function in Hypertensive Men: Baseline Findings from the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT)
Authors: Foy Capri G. , Newman Jill C. , Berlowitz Dan R. , Russell Laurie P. , Kimmel Paul L. , Wadley Virginia G. , Thomas Holly N. , Lerner Alan J. , Riley William T. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Erectile function, an important aspect of quality of life, is gaining increased research and clinical attention in older men with hypertension.

Aim
To assess the cross-sectional association between blood pressure measures (systolic blood pressure [SBP]; diastolic blood pressure [DBP]; and pulse pressure [PP]) and (i) sexual activity and (ii) erectile function in hypertensive men.

Methods
We performed analyses of 1,255 male participants in a larger randomized clinical trial of 9,361 men and women with hypertension aged ≥50 years.

Main Outcome Measures
The main outcome measures were self-reported sexual activity (yes/no) and erectile function using the 5-item International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5).

Results
857 participants (68.3%) reported being sexually active during the previous 4 weeks. The mean (SD) IIEF-5 score for sexually active participants was 18.0 (5.8), and 59.9% of the sample reported an IIEF-5 score &lt;21, suggesting erectile dysfunction (ED). In adjusted logistic regression models, neither SBP (adjusted odds ratio = 0.998; P = .707) nor DBP (adjusted odds ratio = 1.001; P = .929) was significantly associated with sexual activity. In multivariable linear regression analyses in sexually active participants, lower SBP (β = −0.04; P = .025) and higher DBP (β = 0.05; P = .029) were associated with better erectile function. In additional multivariable analyses, lower PP pressure was associated with better erectile function (β = −0.04; P = .02).

Clinical Implications
Blood pressure is an important consideration in the assessment of erectile function in men with hypertension.

Strengths & Limitations
Assessments of blood pressure and clinical and psychosocial variables were performed using rigorous methods in this multi-ethnic and geographically diverse sample. However, these cross-sectional analyses did not include assessment of androgen or testosterone levels.

Conclusions
Erectile dysfunction was highly prevalent in this sample of men with hypertension, and SBP, DBP, and PP were associated with erectile function in this sample.
Perfectionism and the Place of the Interior Life in Business: Toward an Ethics of Personal Growth
Authors: Nunziato Joshua S. , Hill Ronald Paul 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT:Stanley Cavell’s moral perfectionism places the task of cultivating richer self-understanding and self-expression at the center of corporate life. We show how his approach reframes business as an opportunity for moral soul-craft, achieved through the articulation of increasingly reflective inner life in organizational culture. Instead of norming constraints on business activity, perfectionism opens new possibilities for conducting commercial exchange as a form of conversation, leading to personal growth. This approach guides executives in designing businesses that foster genius and channel creativity, while giving all stakeholders a meaningful voice within a culture of trust. We first give an account of Cavellian perfectionism. Then, we explain how this underrepresented strand of moral reflection challenges and enriches, but does not supplant, prevailing ethical theories—including other versions of perfectionism. We then demonstrate the salience of Cavellian perfectionism to business ethics through examples from marketing, human resources, and executive organizational design and development.
A law-and-community approach to compensation for takings of property under the European Convention on Human Rights
Authors: Xu Ting 
Published: January 2019

AbstractStudies of takings of property highlight the increasing penetration of state power into private life. Controversies regularly surround compensation provisions. Many academic analyses and decisions of the European Court of Human Rights have supported the proposition that market value offers the best approximation of just compensation. However, full market value compensation may not be guaranteed if the taking of property fulfils certain legitimate objectives of the ‘public interest’. To unpack the complexity surrounding compensation provisions under the European Convention on Human Rights, this paper adopts and develops a ‘law-and-community’ approach – an important dimension, not previously investigated in the study of takings of property – which sees ‘community’ as networks of social relations, and views law as not only grounded in community but also existing to regulate communal networks. This paper then identifies the limits of both Art 1, Protocol 1 of the ECHR and the current approaches to compensation in the light of this law-and-community approach. In so doing, the paper makes a distinctive contribution by offering a new socio-legal interpretation of controversies surrounding compensation for takings of property beyond the private/public divide and by proposing an alternative framework of engaging law and regulation in wider social life.
The BivalveGlycymeris pilosaas an Archive of14C in the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Peharda Melita , Sironić Andreja , Markulin Krešimir , Jozić Slaven , Borković Damir , Andersson Carin 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTThis study combines radiocarbon (14C) analysis and sclerochronology research, an approach that to the best of our knowledge, has not yet been applied using bivalves from the Mediterranean Sea. We analyzed shells from the North Adriatic Sea: live- and dead-collected specimens of the infaunal bivalveGlycymeris pilosaand two dead-collected specimens ofGlycymerissp. According to crossdating results, growth increment time series obtained from acetate peels of the dead-collectedG. pilosa(S3FP11) indicate the potential for creating longer chronologies from live and dead-collected specimens. The greatest longevity was seen in the dead-collectedGlycymerissp. specimen S3F3, estimated to be ~130 years (started growing AD 1678–1742 and died AD 1826–1860), indicating the potential to extendGlycymerisgrowth increment chronologies to past centuries. The highest ∆14C values obtained corresponded to the calendar year 1974. The14C record obtained fromG. pilosacorrelates well with the modeled surface ocean (mixed-layer) bomb pulse curve (Reimer et al. 2009). Based on the results obtained from the shell growth increment assigned to AD 1950, the reservoir age and reservoir correction (ΔR) are 264±23 years and –6±32 years, respectively.
Syrian Refugees in Turkey and the Politics of Postconflict Reconciliation
Authors: Fabbe Kristin , Sınmazdemir Tolga 
Published: January 2019

AbstractFinding suitable settlements to civil wars, then proceeding to reconcile and reintegrate civilian communities to realize such settlements and avoid future conflict, poses many seemingly insurmountable challenges. The Syrian conflict is a case in point. Not only has a settlement proved elusive, but little is known about how the millions of civilian refugees who have fled the war feel about postconflict reconciliation and the future of their country. We use an original survey of 1,384 Syrian refugees conducted in Turkey in 2016 to draw attention to how refugees view the politics of postconflict reconciliation and reconstruction. We find that refugees desire peace in Syria more than anything else, yet they also desire harsh punishments for the perpetrators of violence, especially against civilians, from all sides of the conflict, which is likely to complicate any process of reconciliation.