bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low expression of TET2 gene in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia is associated with poor clinical outcome
Authors: Zhang Ping , Weng Wen‐Wen , Chen Ping , Zhang Yao , Ruan Jin‐Fei , Ba Dian‐Dian , Xu Wei‐Qun , Tang Yong‐Min 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIntroductionTET2, a member of the Ten‐Eleven translocation gene family, catalyzes the conversion of 5‐methylcytosine to 5‐hydroxymethylcytosine in DNA. Low expression of TET2 has been reported as a prognostic factor for several types of malignancies in adult patients. However, there have been few data on the effect of TET2 mRNA level on the prognosis of children with ALL so far.MethodsIn this study, TET2 expression of samples cryopreserved in the liquid nitrogen from January 1, 2007 through December 31, 2011 was retrospectively analyzed in 136 newly diagnosed ALL patients by real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. The patients' samples were divided into two groups by the median value of patients group and divided into TET2 low and TET2 high groups.ResultsA total of 136 childhood ALL patients demonstrated lower TET2 expression than control group (P = .038). TET2 mRNA expression levels were correlated with the disease status. In addition, patients with low TET2 expression had lower platelet counts and lower CR rates. Survival analysis showed that low TET2 expression in children with ALL was associated with lower 5‐year overall survival (OS) (63% vs 88%, P = .011) and event‐free survival (EFS) (60% vs 85%, P = .003). Multivariate analysis revealed that low TET2 expression was an independent poor prognostic factor of OS and EFS.ConclusionLow expression of TET2 in children with ALL is associated with poor prognosis and can be used as a molecular prognostic marker for risk group stratification.
A comparison of immunoglobulin IGHV, IGHD and IGHJ genes in wild‐derived and classical inbred mouse strains
Authors: Watson Corey T , Kos Justin T , Gibson William S , Newman Leah , Deikus Gintaras , Busse Christian E , Smith Melissa L , Jackson Katherine JL , Collins Andrew M 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe genomes of classical inbred mouse strains include genes derived from all three major subspecies of the house mouse, Mus musculus. We recently posited that genetic diversity in the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) gene loci of C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice reflects differences in subspecies origin. To investigate this hypothesis, we conducted high‐throughput sequencing of IGH gene rearrangements to document IGH variable (IGHV), joining (IGHJ) and diversity (IGHD) genes in four inbred wild‐derived mouse strains (CAST/EiJ, LEWES/EiJ, MSM/MsJ and PWD/PhJ) and a single disease model strain (NOD/ShiLtJ), collectively representing genetic backgrounds of several major mouse subspecies. A total of 341 germline IGHV sequences were inferred in the wild‐derived strains, including 247 not curated in the international ImMunoGeneTics information system. By contrast, 83/84 inferred NOD IGHV genes had previously been observed in C57BL/6 mice. Variability among the strains examined was observed for only a single IGHJ gene, involving a description of a novel allele. By contrast, unexpected variation was found in the IGHD gene loci, with four previously unreported IGHD gene sequences being documented. Very few IGHV sequences of C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice were shared with strains representing major subspecies, suggesting that their IGH loci may be complex mosaics of genes of disparate origins. This suggests a similar level of diversity is likely present in the IGH loci of other classical inbred strains. This must now be documented if we are to properly understand interstrain variation in models of antibody‐mediated disease.
Asthma control and acute healthcare visits among young adults with asthma—A population‐based study
Authors: Selberg Stina , Hedman Linnea , Jansson Sven‐Arne , Backman Helena , Stridsman Caroline 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimsTo study asthma control and acute healthcare visits among young adults with asthma.BackgroundDespite the access to effective treatment and nursing interventions, poor asthma control is still common among individuals with asthma. However, studies describing clinical characteristics among young adults with asthma are rare.DesignA population‐based cohort study.MethodsIn 2015, as a part of the OLIN paediatric cohort I (recruited in 1996 at age 7–8 years), N = 2,291 young adults (27–28 years) completed a postal questionnaire survey including questions on asthma and respiratory symptoms. Of these, N = 280 (12%) were identified as having current asthma and were further studied.ResultsOf those with current asthma, women reported respiratory symptoms and smoking to a greater extent than men. Approximately one‐fourth had uncontrolled asthma and acute healthcare visits due to asthma was reported by 15% of women and 8% of men. Uncontrolled asthma was associated with smoking, lower educational level, use of reliever treatment most days, and acute healthcare visits. Acute healthcare visits due to asthma were associated with periodic use of regular controller treatment also after adjustment for uncontrolled asthma.ConclusionThe result indicate poor adherence to asthma treatment which may lead to decreased asthma control and acute healthcare visits.ImpactMost young adults with asthma are diagnosed and treated in primary care, ideally in a team with a nurse. The main findings highlight the need for evidenced‐based nursing interventions, contributing to a more efficient asthma management in primary care.
Brain Vitality Enhancement (BRAVE) program to promote brain health among persons with mild cognitive impairment: A study protocol
Authors: Li Polly W.C. , Yu Doris S.F. , Siu Parco M. , Wong Schwinger C.K. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimThis study aims to evaluate the effects of a community‐based program entitled ‘Brain Vitality Enhancement (BRAVE)’ on the cognitive function, physical and mental well‐being of persons with mild cognitive impairment.Study designThis is a parallel wait list randomized controlled trial.MethodsThe BRAVE program consists of two phases. Phase 1 is an empowerment workshop for training 50 peer mentors to be the exercise ambassadors, while Phase 2 is a supervised exercise program for 250 persons with mild cognitive impairment. They will be randomly allocated to intervention or wait list control groups. For the intervention group, the peer mentors and mentees will be matched according to gender and residential areas to form mentor–mentee groups to attend an 8‐week supervised exercise training. The mentor–mentee groups will continue to participate mentor‐directed exercise sessions in the community thereafter. A mobile application will be developed for self‐directed learning. We hypothesize that persons with mild cognitive impairment receiving the BRAVE program will demonstrate better cognitive function and health‐related quality of life than the control group who receive usual care. This study is funded by a grant from the Food and Health Bureau of the Government of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region in April 2018.DiscussionThis study will empower a group of golden‐aged adults to be the ambassadors to promote brain health in the community and persons with mild cognitive impairment to integrate moderate‐intensity exercise into their lifestyle to achieve long‐term beneficial effects on their cognition and well‐being.ImpactGiven the population with mild cognitive impairment is growing rapidly and expected to keep escalating in coming decades and limited treatment options for cognitive decline and its significant burden on the health and social care system, this study is timely to promote active ageing in the society and reduce the burden associated with cognitive decline.
Prevention behaviours of oesophageal cancer: Protocol for a mixed‐method study
Authors: Gerayllo Sakineh , Morowatisharifabad Mohammad Ali , Jouybari Leila , Amirbeigy Mohammad Kazem , Fallahzadeh Hossein 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimThe aim was to implement an educational programme for the family members of patients with oesophageal cancer on prevention behaviours in Golestan province, north of Iran.DesignIn this mixed‐method research, qualitative and quantitative studies will be conducted.MethodsThis study will be carried out using an exploratory mixed‐method design in Golestan province, north of Iran in 2018–2019. The research will include three consecutive phases. At first, a qualitative study will be carried out to determine the preventive behaviour and measures of oesophageal cancer. In this phase, the participants will be selected using the purposive sampling method. Later, semi‐structured interviews will be conducted with the relatives of patients with oesophageal cancer to collect the necessary qualitative data. The second phase will include a literature review based on the information collected from the first phase. Later, a researcher‐made questionnaire will be designed based on the extended parallel process model. Furthermore, a comprehensive programme will be proposed about self‐care of the patients with oesophageal cancer. In the third phase, a quantitative quasi‐experimental research will be conducted over two groups of participants to measure the effectiveness of this programme. This research was approved by the Ethics Committee of Yazd Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Iran in November 2017.DiscussionEducational interventions should be designed purposefully according to the needs of the target group to improve their self‐care behaviours. We also expect that this research can improve the individuals' access to high‐quality preventive behaviours with regard to oesophageal cancer.Trial registration: The project was registered on the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials, (registration number: IRCT20180725040588N1, date registered: 2th October 2018).
A coordinated preventive care approach for healthy ageing in five European cities: A mixed methods study of process evaluation components
Authors: Franse Carmen B. , Zhang Xuxi , van Grieken Amy , Rietjens Judith , Alhambra‐Borrás Tamara , Durá Estrella , Garcés‐Ferrer Jorge , van Staveren Rob , Rentoumis Tasos , Markaki Athina , Bilajac Lovorka , Vasiljev Marchesi Vanja , Rukavina Tomislav , Verma Arpana , Williams Greg , Clough Gary , Koppelaar Elin , Martijn Rens , Mattace Raso Francesco , Voorham Antonius J. J. , Raat Hein 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimsTo evaluate specific process components of the Urban Health Centres Europe (UHCE) approach; a coordinated preventive care approach aimed at healthy ageing by decreasing falls, polypharmacy, loneliness and frailty among older persons in community settings of five cities in the United Kingdom, Greece, Croatia, the Netherlands and Spain.DesignMixed methods evaluation of specific process components of the UHCE approach: reach of the target population, dose of the intervention actually delivered and received by participants and satisfaction and experience of main stakeholders involved in the approach.MethodsThe UHCE approach intervention consisted of a preventive assessment, shared decision‐making on a care plan and enrolment in one or more of four coordinated care‐pathways that targeted falls, polypharmacy, loneliness and frailty. Quantitative data from a questionnaire and quantitative/qualitative data from logbooks were collected among older persons involved in the approach. Qualitative data from focus groups were collected among older persons, informal caregivers and professionals involved in the approach. Quantitative data were analysed by means of descriptive statistics and multilevel logistic regression models. Qualitative data were analysed through thematic analysis.ResultsHaving limited function was associated with non‐enrolment in falls and loneliness care‐pathways (both p < .01). The mean rating of the approach was 8.3/10 (SD 1.9). Feeling supported by a care professional and meeting people were main benefits for older persons. Mistrust towards unfamiliar care providers, lack of confidence to engage in care activities and health constraints were main barriers towards engagement in care.ConclusionsAlthough the UHCE approach was received generally positively, health constraints and psychosocial barriers prevented older person's engagement in care.ImpactCoordinated preventive care approaches for older community‐dwelling persons should address health constraints and psychosocial barriers that hinder older person's engagement in care. Trial registration: ISRCTN registry number is ISRCTN52788952. Date of registration is 13/03/2017.
Hoxa5 alleviates obesity‐induced chronic inflammation by reducing ER stress and promoting M2 macrophage polarization in mouse adipose tissue
Authors: Cao Weina , Zhang Tiantian , Feng Ruonan , Xia Tianyu , Huang Hongtao , Liu Chenlong , Sun Chao 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObesity‐induced chronic inflammation is associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in adipocytes and changes in both the number and phenotype of adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs). In addition, ERS enhances macrophage activation. So far, the function of Hoxa5 in obesity‐induced chronic inflammation has been poorly understood. Herein, we demonstrate the importance of the transcription factor, Hoxa5, in determining adipose tissue macrophage (ATM) polarity and ERS. Hoxa5 decreased bodyweight, reduced inflammatory cytokine secretion and corresponded with an increased number of M2 macrophages in the adipose tissue of high‐fat diet (HFD) mice. Transcriptome sequencing data showed that overexpression of Hoxa5 in adipocytes changed expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein processing‐related genes. Based on transcriptome sequencing data and bioinformatics prediction, we have been suggested that Hoxa5 alleviated inflammatory responses by inhibiting ERS and by activating PPARγ pathway in mouse adipose tissue. Hoxa5 alleviated ERS and inflammatory responses by inhibiting the eIF2α/PERK signalling pathway in adipocytes. Hoxa5 also inhibited chronic inflammation of adipocytes by promoting M2 macrophage polarization. In addition, Hoxa5 transcriptionally activated the PPARγ pathway to promote polarization of M2 macrophages, which in turn alleviated chronic inflammation of adipocytes. Taken together, these results shed light on the mechanisms underlying Hoxa5‐dependent inhibition of obesity‐induced chronic inflammation by reducing ERS and promoting polarization of M2 macrophages. These results suggest that Hoxa5 may be a potential therapeutic target for obesity and other metabolic syndromes.
Burden, predictors and temporal relationships of comorbidities in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa: a hospital‐based cohort study
Authors: Jørgensen A.‐H.R. , Yao Y. , Ghazanfar M.N. , Ring H.C. , Thomsen S.F. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimTo examine the burden, predictors and temporal relationships of comorbidities in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS).MethodsInformation on HS and ten systemic comorbidities was obtained by interview and clinical examination, including blood pressure, body mass index (BMI) and blood samples, in a cohort of consecutive HS outpatients.ResultsA total of 302 patients were included. About 86.6% had at least one comorbidity. The mean number of comorbidities per patient was 2.1. One or more cardiovascular comorbidities were observed in 76.5% with evidence of substantial unawareness and undertreatment; 48.4% had hypertension, 9.3% had diabetes, 57.7% had dyslipidaemia and 36.7% were obese. About 6.6% had inflammatory bowel disease, 6.3% had arthritis, 29.5% had a psychiatric diagnosis, 5.6% had psoriasis, 7.9% had obstructive lung disease, and 6.6% had polycystic ovary syndrome. These comorbidities occurred at different time points in relation to the onset of HS with evidence of shared as well as differential risk factors. Age (per year), HR = 0.87 (0.79–0.96), P < 0.006, age of onset of HS (per year), HR = 1.26 (1.14–1.40), P < 0.001, male sex, HR = 2.51 (0.88–7.16), P = 0.086, Hurley stage III (vs. Hurley I + II), HR = 3.46 (1.25–9.58), P = 0.017, BMI (per unit), HR = 1.12 (1.04–1.20), P = 0.002, and blood glucose (per unit), HR = 1.27 (1.16–1.39), P < 0.001 were significant predictors for onset of diabetes.ConclusionThere is a substantial burden, unawareness and undertreatment of several systemic comorbidities in patients with HS. Comorbidities occur at different time points in relation to the onset of HS. This should lead to higher awareness among treating specialists.
Neurokinin 1 receptor antagonists exhibit peripheral effects in prurigo nodularis including reduced ERK1/2 activation
Authors: Agelopoulos K. , Rülander F. , Dangelmaier J. , Lotts T. , Osada N. , Metze D. , Luger T. A. , Loser K. , Ständer S. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundAprepitant is a neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R) antagonist used for its antipruritic properties in dermatoses and systemic diseases. The mode of action is still unclear. A peripheral effect is assumed as aprepitant shows efficacy in inflammatory skin diseases including prurigo nodularis (PN).ObjectivesTo investigate the peripheral effects of NK1R antagonism in PN and cell culture models.MethodsSubjects with PN received an aprepitant treatment. Clinical, morphological and immunohistochemical changes were investigated in skin biopsies before and after treatment. Expression of NK1R was analysed by immunohistochemistry and for downstream pathways ((p)ERK1/2) by Western blotting in PN patients and matched healthy volunteers. Effects of NK1R blocking were analysed in cell cultures of primary keratinocytes by Western blotting for (p)ERK1/2 and by qPCR for NK1R, interleukin (IL)‐1beta, IL‐6, IL‐8 and TNFalpha.ResultsAprepitant treatment showed significant reduction in pruritus intensity (P < 0.05) in PN and relevant immunohistochemical changes (down: CD5, CD25, up: CD79a, IL4). NK1R expression was higher in keratinocytes of PN patients compared to healthy controls. After treatment, epidermal NK1R expression increased while expression and activation of ERK1/2 decreased. In vitro, receptor up‐regulation and reduced expression and activation of ERK1/2 were confirmed and reduced IL‐expression shown when blocking NK1R.ConclusionOur data confirm that NK1R antagonists such as aprepitant exhibit effects in the skin. Epidermal receptor expression, epidermal inflammatory ILs, ERK1/2 MAPK signalling and cutaneous inflammatory infiltrate were targets of NK1R antagonism. This may explain partly the antipruritic effect of NK1R antagonists next to its role in the central nervous system.
Basal cell carcinoma treated with combined ablative fractional laser and ingenol mebutate – an exploratory study monitored by optical coherence tomography and reflectance confocal microscopy
Authors: Banzhaf C.A. , Phothong W. , Suku M.‐L.H. , Ulrich M. , Philipsen P.A. , Mogensen M. , Haedersdal M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundBasal cell carcinomas (BCCs) have previously been treated off‐label with ingenol mebutate (IM). Ablative fractional laser (AFL) may improve efficacy of IM by increasing drug uptake in the tumour. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) detect BCC non‐invasively. Our aim was to investigate BCC response and tolerability after combined AFL and IM treatment of low‐risk BCCs.MethodsTwenty patients with histologically verified superficial (n = 7) and nodular (n = 13) BCCs were treated with combined fractional CO2‐laser (10 600 nm) and IM 0.015% or 0.05%, the concentration depending on anatomical location. BCC response was evaluated clinically, by OCT and RCM at day 29 and 90 after first treatment, and histologically at day 90. Treatment was repeated at day 29 if BCC persisted. Local skin reactions (LSRs) were assessed using LSR scale at all visits.ResultsAt day 29, 18/20 patients received a second treatment due to residual BCC detected clinically, by OCT or RCM. OCT and RCM presented subclinical BCCs in five of 20 cases (25%). At day 90, overall histological cure rate was 70%, corresponding to clinical (65%) and OCT/RCM (60%) cure rates, and agreement between evaluation methods was substantial (kappa ≥ 0.796, P < 0.0001). Clearance rates were similar for sBCCs and nBCCs (P = 0.354) and for lesions treated with IM 0.015% and 0.05% (P = 0.141). LSRs were tolerable, but scarring was observed in the majority of cleared patients.ConclusionTwo treatments of combined AFL and IM show potential to treat low‐risk BCCs with acceptable tolerability. OCT and RCM show promise to detect subclinical BCCs at short‐term follow‐up.
Students’ Interpretation of Formative Assessment Feedback: Three Claims for Why We Know So Little About Something So Important
Authors: Leighton Jacqueline P. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIf K‐12 students are to be fully integrated as active participants in their own learning, understanding how they interpret formative assessment feedback is needed. The objective of this article is to advance three claims about why teachers and assessment scholars/specialists may have little understanding of students’ interpretation of formative assessment feedback. The three claims are as follows. First, there is little systematic research of K‐12 students’ interpretations of feedback. Systematic research requires gathering substantive evidence of students’ cognitive and emotional processes using psychological methods and tools. Second, there is an overemphasis on the external assessment process at the expense of uncovering learners’ internal reasoning and emotional processes. This overemphasis may be due to vestiges of behavioral approaches and lack of training in social cognitive methods. Third, there are psychological tools such as the clinical interview, pioneered by Piaget and used by psychologists to “enter the child's mind,” which may be helpful in uncovering students’ interpretation of feedback and associated behavioral responses. If the purpose of formative assessment is to change student learning, and feedback is delivered as a conduit to help with this long‐term change, understanding students’ interpretation of feedback plays a central role in the validity of the process.
Lethal activity of beauvericin, a Beauveria bassiana mycotoxin, against the two‐spotted spider mites, Tetranychus urticae Koch
Authors: Al Khoury Charbel , Guillot Jacques , Nemer Nabil 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin is known to produce a broad range of secondary metabolites. Beauvericin, a cyclic hexadepsipeptide, is the best known mycotoxin produced by B. bassiana; however, reports discussing the insecticidal activity of beauvericin per se are limited. In this study, we assessed the lethal activity of beauvericin against Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acarina: Tetranychidae). In addition, screening for suitable application of the mycotoxin against T. urticae on greenhouse strawberries is discussed. Beauvericin was able to control successfully T. urticae where concentrations of 10, 100 and 1,000 µg/g recorded mortalities of 84%, 100% and 100%, respectively, against motile stages. Furthermore, beauvericin inhibited egg hatching up to 83.3%, 69.3% and 53.3%, respectively, using the same concentrations under laboratory conditions. Under greenhouse conditions, the efficacy recorded was 52.6%, 85.7%, 72.4% and 72.4% at 1, 3, 7 and 10 days post‐inoculation, respectively. Beauvericin was efficacious under greenhouse conditions since the application increased strawberry yields while showing no phytotoxicity and ecotoxicological risk. Resistance to beauvericin was not detected initially at the unselected strain of T. urticae. Yet, the laboratory selection of populations of T. urticae exposed to beauvericin resulted in relatively resistant T. urticae strain that displayed no cross‐resistance to cyflumetofen and bifenazate. The acaricidal activity of beauvericin documented in this study would increase the efficacy of integrated pest management strategies.