bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-power narrow-linewidth tunable blue laser diode array utilizing a blazed grating external cavity
Authors: Duan Changcheng , Wang Huipeng , Hu Xuanyu , Tang Xiahui , Xiao Yu , Peng Hao 
Published: November 2024

High-power, narrow-linewidth blue laser sources have been in high demand for applications in laser pumping and spectral beam combining. In this paper, a blue laser source, consisting of 12 transistor-outline (TO) packaged laser diodes (LD), is established through space beam combining. An improved external cavity (EC) utilizing a blazed grating (BG), a beam splitter, and a beam expander is investigated. Through injection feedback and mode competition, a laser output, with 31.2 W power, 445.04 nm central wavelength, 0.18 nm full-width at half maximum (FWHM) linewidth, is achieved at a driving current of 3.0 A. A tunable range of 3.6 nm is observed at 2.0 A driving current. Additionally, the effect of the deformation of the aluminum-coated grating under a high-intensity blue laser is examined. The external cavity requires a moderately efficient blazed grating and prevents potential damage caused by high absorption and thermal stress concentration. The system exhibits excellent temporal stability in both output power and spectrum. Moreover, wavelength-locking experiments using both a volume Bragg grating (VBG) and a surface grating (SG) are conducted to serve as comparative tests for this study. Compared with volume Bragg gratings, blazed gratings offer spectral tunability and are insensitive to temperature perturbations and mechanical stress. Compared with surface gratings, blazed gratings offer a relatively high threshold and stable performance at high driving currents. Furthermore, blazed gratings are more cost-effective than VBGs, providing a competitive advantage. To the best of our knowledge, it’s the first blue laser source with over 30 W output and 0.18 nm FWHM linewidth utilizing a blazed grating external cavity.
A live online exercise program for older adults improves depression and life-space mobility: A mixed-methods pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Coletta Giulia , Noguchi Kenneth S. , Beaudoin Kayla D. , McQuarrie Angelica , Tang Ada , Griffin Meridith , Ganann Rebecca , Phillips Stuart M. 
Published: November 2024

Background
Aging is the primary risk factor for sarcopenia and mobility limitations. Exercise reduces these risks, but older adults have low levels of participation in physical activity and exercise. We investigated the preliminary effectiveness of a live, online exercise program on community-dwelling older adults’ physical activity levels.

Methods
A mixed-method pilot randomized controlled trial was conducted according to CONSORT 2010 statement: extension for pilot and feasibility trials. Sedentary older adults (65–80 years) were randomly assigned to the online exercise intervention (ACTIVE) or a waitlist control (CON) group. Outcomes were measured pre-randomization and following the 8-week intervention for ACTIVE and CON and two months following the end of the intervention for the ACTIVE group. Outcomes included habitual physical activity levels, depression, anxiety, loneliness, life-space mobility, nutrition risk, and feasibility. All participants were invited to participate post-intervention in individual semi-structured qualitative interviews. Reporting of the qualitative research followed the checklist for the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting research.

Results
Seventeen older adults (71% women) were allocated to ACTIVE group, while 15 were allocated to CON group (87% women). Following the intervention, participants in the ACTIVE group reported reduced symptoms of depression (ACTIVE: pre = 4.2 ± 2.5; post = 2.2 ± 1.9; CON: pre = 3.5 ± 2.1, post = 3.5 ± 2.1; p <0.001) and improved life-space mobility (ACTIVE: pre = 62.4 ± 14.7; post = 71.8 ± 16.0; CON: pre = 65.1 ± 19.0, post = 63.6 ± 22.0; p = 0.003) compared to waitlist control participants. The ACTIVE group had good adherence (97%) and acceptability (98%). Twenty-two participants participated in qualitative interviews. Five themes were identified, including (1) Feasibility of the online exercise program; (2) Perceived health benefits and improvements; (3) Registered Kinesiologists and Physiotherapists contributed to perceived safety; (4) Social connectivity associated with synchronous/live delivery; and (5) Growing old gracefully and preventing disability.

Conclusions
Our online exercise program was acceptable to older adults, had good adherence, reduced depression, and increased life space. Participants reported improved functional and mental health benefits. Further research is warranted to expand on these findings.

Trial registration
NCT04627493; 13/11/2020.
Compact Defected Ground Structure Microstrip Patch Antenna for Wi-Fi Applications
Authors: Sakle Dipak Omprakash , Deshmukh Manish 
Published: November 2024

In recent years microstrip patch antennas having minute size is an exciting topic for many researchers and design engineers. In this paper a novel miniaturized microstrip patch antenna for Wi-Fi applications is proposed. The concept of defected ground plane (DGS) is used for achieving miniaturization. The prototype is designed and analyzed by CST Microwave Studio. Low cost FR-4 substrate having thickness of 0.8 mm is used for the design of the antenna. The antenna is having compact size of 16 × 17 mm2. The simulated results demonstrate that the antenna has bandwidth of 2.02% (49 MHz) with -41.46 dB reflection coefficient at resonating frequency. The antenna has bidirectional radiation pattern. The proposed design provides a size reduction of 75.46% in comparison to conventional patch. The proposed antenna is having compact size and is low cost which makes it a suitable candidate for 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi band.
Associations between skeletal muscle phenotype, positional role, and on‐ice performance in elite male ice hockey players
Authors: Vigh‐Larsen Jeppe F. , Thorsteinsson Hallur , Thomassen Martin , Panduro Jeppe , Fristrup Bjørn , Randers Morten B. , Olesen Jens L. , Krustrup Peter , Overgaard Kristian , Nybo Lars , Mohr Magni 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe evaluated associations between muscle phenotype, positional role, and on‐ice performance in male U20 Danish national team ice hockey players. Sixteen players (10 forwards, six defensemen) participated in a game with activity tracking. Resting thigh muscle biopsies were analyzed for metabolic enzyme activity and protein expression linked to performance. On‐ice intermittent exercise capacity, repeated sprint ability, and maximal isometric knee‐extensor torque were also assessed. No significant position‐specific muscle phenotype characteristics were found, but forwards generally exhibited higher levels of several membrane proteins (p = 0.100–0.991). NAKα2, NAK∑, KATP, ClC‐1, and NHE1 showed significant correlations with total distance (r = 0.52–0.59, p = 0.016–0.046), however, within positions these only persisted for KATP (r = 0.70, p = 0.024) and NAKα2 (r = 0.57, p = 0.085) in forwards, where CS enzyme activity also displayed a strong association with distance covered (r = 0.75, p = 0.019). For high‐intensity skating, NAKα2 (r = 0.56, p = 0.025) and KATP (r = 0.50, p = 0.048) similarly exhibited the strongest associations, persisting within forwards (r = 0.63, p = 0.052 and r = 0.72; p = 0.018, respectively). In conclusion, although several muscle proteins involved in ion and metabolic regulation were associated with performance, only NAKα2 and KATP displayed consistent relationships within positions. Moreover, CS enzyme activity was strongly related to total distance within forwards, coherent with the proposed importance of oxidative capacity in intense intermittent exercise.
An optimization method for measuring the stomata in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) under multiple abiotic stresses
Authors: Ma Muqing , Gu Jinbao , Wang Zhen-Yu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
As a gateway for gas exchange, pores regulate the transport of air and water in carbon assimilation, respiration, and transpiration to quickly adapt to environmental changes. Therefore, the study of stomatal movement characteristics of plants is helpful to strengthen the understanding of the mechanism of plant response to multi-environmental stress, and can improve the function of plant resistance to stresses. The stomatal movement of Arabidopsis leaves was observed by staining the stomata with rhodamine 6G, but this method has not been reported in other plant leaf stomata studies. Taking cassava as an example, the correlation between cassava stomatal movement and cassava response to stress was observed by using and improving the staining method. Rhodamine 6G is a biological stain widely used in cell biology and molecular biology. It was found that 1 μM rhodamine 6G could stain the stomata of cassava without affecting stomatal movement (n = 109, p < 0.05). In addition, we proposed that stomata fixed with 4% concentration of formaldehyde after staining were closest to the stomatal morphology of cassava epidermis, so as to observe stomatal movement under different environmental stresses more accurately. Previous methods of measuring stomatal pore size by autofluorescence of cell wall needs to fix the cells for 6 h, but Rhodamine staining can only be observed in 2 min, which greatly improves the experimental efficiency. Compared with the traditional exfoliation method (e.g., Arabidopsis), this method can reduce the damage of the leaves and observe the stomata of the whole leaves more completely, so that the experimental results are more complete. In addition, the method enables continuous leaf processing and observation. Using this method, we further compared four different cassava varieties (i.e., KU50, SC16, SC8, and SC205) and found that there are differences in stomatal density (SD) among cassava varieties, and the difference in the SD directly affects the stress resistance of cassava (n = 107, p < 0.001). This finding has important implications for studying the mechanism of plant response to environmental stress through stomata.
Performance evaluation of the introduction of full sample traceability system within the specimen collection process
Authors: Foglia Emanuela , Garagiola Elisabetta , Ferrario Lucrezia , Plebani Mario 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate the efficacy, safety and efficiency performances related to the introduction of innovative traceability platforms and integrated blood collection systems, for the improvement of a total testing process, thus also assessing the economic and organizational sustainability of these innovative technologies.

Methods
A mixed-method approach was utilized. A key-performance indicators dashboard was created based on a narrative literature review and expert consensus and was assessed through a real-life data collection from the University Hospital of Padova, Italy, comparing three scenarios over time (2013, 2016, 2019) with varying levels of technological integration. The economic and organizational sustainability was determined considering all the activities performed from the tube check-in to the validation of the results, with the integration of the management of the prevalent errors occurred during the process.

Results
The introduction of integrated venous blood collection and full sample traceability systems resulted in significant improvements in laboratory performance. Errors in samples collected in inappropriate tubes decreased by 42 %, mislabelled samples by 47 %, and samples with irregularities by 100 %. Economic analysis revealed a cost saving of 12.7 % per tube, equating to a total saving of 447,263.80 € over a 12-month period. Organizational efficiency improved with a reduction of 13,061.95 h in time spent on sample management, allowing for increased laboratory capacity and throughput.

Conclusions
Results revealed the strategic relevance of introducing integrated venous blood collection and full sample traceability systems, within the Laboratory setting, with a real-life demonstration of TLA economic and organizational sustainability, generating an overall improvement of the process efficiency.
The functional average treatment effect
Authors: Sparkes Shane , Garcia Erika , Zhang Lu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article establishes the functional average as an important estimand for causal inference. The significance of the estimand lies in its robustness against traditional issues of confounding. We prove that this robustness holds even when the probability distribution of the outcome, conditional on treatment or some other vector of adjusting variables, differs almost arbitrarily from its counterfactual analogue. This article also examines possible estimators of the functional average, including the sample mid-range, and proposes a new type of bootstrap for robust statistical inference: the Hoeffding bootstrap. After this, the article explores a new class of variables, the

U

{\mathcal{U}}

class, that simplifies the estimation of functional averages. This class of variables is also used to establish mean exchangeability in some cases and to provide the results of elementary statistical procedures, such as linear regression and the analysis of variance, with causal interpretations. Simulation evidence is provided. The methods of this article are also applied to a National Health and Nutrition Survey data set to investigate the causal effect of exercise on the blood pressure of adult smokers.
Antidiabetic activity of Inonotus obliquus water extract in alloxan-induced diabetic mice
Authors: Delgersaikhan Nyamsurendejid , Odkhuu Erdenezaya , Khaltar Purevsuren , Samdan Enkhbaatar , Dugarsuren Uranchimeg , Dalkhsuren Shine-Od , Dorjkhuu Amgalanbaatar , Aldartsogt Dolgorsuren , Amgalanbaatar Avirmed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The Inonotus obliquus is a medicinal mushroom that grows on mature birch trees and is commonly used in traditional medicine for various ailments. The current study aimed to explore the hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and pancreatic protective effects of the water extract of Mongolian natural Inonotus obliquus on alloxan-induced diabetic mice.

Methods
Alloxan monohydrate (200 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally single injected into C57BL/6 mice to induce diabetes. Alloxan-induced diabetic mice were orally given the water extract of inonotus obliquus (WEIO) at doses of 500 mg/kg and subcutaneously administered with insulatard 0.6 IU for 4 weeks. Subsequently, the levels of factors related to blood glucose, insulin and lipids were assessed.

Results
WEIO significantly restored body weight, reduced fasting blood glucose levels, improved glucose tolerance ability, and increased insulin levels compared to the control diabetic mice. WEIO also enhanced cholesterol transportation in the liver, correlated with increased HDL-C levels and decreased TC, TG and LDL-C levels. Histologic examinations revealed that WEIO alleviated alloxan-induced pancreatic tissue damage.

Conclusions
Natural Mongolian I. Obliquus water extracts have an antihyperglycemic effect and enhance islet cell function in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. It is a good candidate for a hypoglycemic functional food or medicine.
On the quantum security of high-dimensional RSA protocol
Authors: Rahmani Nour-eddine , Serraj Taoufik , Ismaili Moulay Chrif , Azizi Abdelmalek 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The idea of extending the classical RSA protocol using algebraic number fields was introduced by Takagi and Naito (Construction of RSA cryptosystem over the algebraic field using ideal theory and investigation of its security. Electron Commun Japan Part III Fund Electr Sci. 2000;83:19–29). Recently, Zheng et al. proposed the use of the ring of algebraic integers of an algebraic number field and the lattice theory to present a high-dimensional form of RSA. The authors claim that their proposal is post-quantum and is significant both from the theoretical and practical point of view. In this article, we prove that the security of Zheng et al.’s scheme is still based on the factorization problem, and we present a practical quantum attack on this proposed scheme, our attack is a quantum polynomial time algorithm that employs Shor’s algorithm as a subroutine.
Hoffnung und Prozessmaterie
Authors: Krebs Moritz 
Published: November 2024

Zusammenfassung
Im hier vorliegenden Text geht es um zentrale Motive und die Vorgehensweise Ernst Blochs sowie die Frage, inwiefern ein Rekurs auf Bloch dazu dienen kann, angesichts vielfältiger Krisenkonstellationen in der Gegenwart Möglichkeiten zu emanzipatorischen Veränderungen genauer zu fassen. In systematischer Perspektive werden wesentliche Elemente von Blochs Denken, Grundlagen und Eigenheiten rekonstruktiv dargestellt, um sie philosophisch zu situieren und auf ihre Bedeutung für Gegenwartsdiagnosen und emanzipatorische Transformation hin zu untersuchen. Nach einer Annäherung an Blochs Anthropologie der Phantasie und Hoffnung folgt eine Übersicht über Systematik und Methode. Die weiteren Abschnitte dienen der Explikation der Verschränkung von Anthropologie und Ontologie, des Prozessdenkens und der Materie sowie der Ethik mit verändernder Praxis. Hier werden mögliche Anknüpfungspunkte für eine Aktualisierung Blochs skizziert.
Empirisch widerlegt, nicht anschlussfähig, unzeitgemäß… Fehlt der Soziologie psychischer Störungen ein Paradigma?
Authors: Lathan Monique 
Published: November 2024

Zusammenfassung
‚Psychische Störungen‘ sind nicht nur ein Forschungsgegenstand der Psychiatrie oder der klinischen Psychologie. Seit ihren Anfängen widmet sich u.a. auch die Soziologie theoretisch erklärend diesem Thema mit seinen komplexen interaktionalen Dimensionen und von hoher gesellschaftlicher Relevanz. Dennoch haben ihre Beiträge zum interdisziplinären Diskurs im Verlauf der vergangenen Jahrzehnte kontinuierlich an Bedeutung verloren – vor allem in der deutschsprachigen Fachcommunity ist seit einiger Zeit sogar von einer Krise der Disziplin die Rede. Ausgehend von diesem Befund bemüht sich der Artikel um eine kritische Bestandsaufnahme der Soziologie psychischer Störungen sowohl in ihrer Auseinandersetzung mit den Erklärungsmodellen der Psychiatrie als auch in ihrem eigenen theoretischen Kernbestand. Es wird dabei möglichen Gründen für den konstatierten Bedeutungsverlust ihrer vielfältigen Ansätze und Modelle nachgegangen: Hat die Soziologie in ihren Theorien womöglich den Anschluss an die maßgeblichen Befunde der Psychiatrie verpasst? Oder hat sie sich ihnen umgekehrt bis zur Ununterscheidbarkeit angepasst? Sollte sie in pragmatischer Hinsicht ihren Erklärungsanspruch auf diesem Feld gar ganz hinter sich lassen? Der Artikel kommt zu dem Schluss, dass die Lösung des Rätsels letztlich in einem bestehenden Reflexionsdefizit innerhalb der eigenen Disziplin zu suchen sein könnte: Im Unterschied zur Psychiatrie hat die Soziologie psychischer Störungen bis heute kein verbindendes Paradigma, das ihre vielfältigen bis disparaten Bemühungen allererst zu einem gemeinsamen Forschungsprogramm zusammenführen und sie damit auch nach außen zu einer Disziplin einen würde. Als ein solches potenzielles theoretisches Zentrum der Soziologie psychischer Störungen wird die Kategorie der sozialen Identität vorgeschlagen.
Wenn aus Routinen Krisen werden
Authors: Raven Uwe 
Published: November 2024

Zusammenfassung
Gegenstand dieses Artikels ist die Lebenspraxis alter Menschen im Dritten und Vierten Lebensalter. Es geht dabei um die Frage, ob und ggf. wie sich die Lebenspraxis des autonom handlungsfähigen, mit sich identischen Subjekts alterungsbedingt bzw. im Alter verändert. Unter Verwendung des struktur- bzw. krisentheoretischen Begriffsrahmens Ulrich Oevermanns wird der Aufbau von Handlungsautonomie im frühen Lebensalter und deren Abbau im späten Lebensalter in Form eines Seneszenzprozesses beschrieben. Wird das im Dritten Lebensalter alterungsangepasste autonome Handeln immer häufiger überfordert, manifestiert sich dies in einer zentralen Krise des Vierten Lebensalters, der „Seneszenzkrise“. Deren Bewältigung durch Hilfeleistungen Dritter erfordert enorme private und öffentliche Anstrengungen. Als eine Chance für den Erfolg dieser Bemühungen wird eine Einbettung von singulärer Lebenspraxis im Alter in die Lebenspraxis von Versorgungsgemeinschaften diskutiert.
The structure and properties of monoprotonated propiolamide and diprotonated cellocidin
Authors: Hollenwäger Dirk , Kölbl Niklas , Nitzer Alexander , Bockmair Valentin , Kornath Andreas J. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Propiolamide and cellocidin were investigated in superacidic media. In both acetylenic amides, the amide moiety is immediately monoprotonated in anhydrous HF, HF/SbF5 and HF/BF3. An increase of SbF5 does not lead to a more highly protonated species. The salts were characterized by low-temperature Raman, NMR and room temperature IR spectroscopy, as well as by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The experimental data are discussed together with results of quantum-chemical calculations on the M06-2X/aug-cc-pVTZ level of theory, which are consistent with the observation of pure monoprotonation. The second protonation of the amide moiety or the triple bond is not observed due to the high positive charge caused by the monoprotonation.
Impact of coverage and guest residue on polyproline II helix peptide antifouling
Authors: Ahn Rebecca S. , Grome Henry T. , Asaei Sogol , Verma Geeta , Dang Christina S. , Baskaran Harihara , Renner Julie N. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPolyproline II (PPII) peptide sequences are recognized as promising biomaterials because of their attractive antifouling properties. However, the mechanisms behind their antifouling behavior have not been fully characterized. In this work we show that PPII peptide coverage, controlled by adsorption time, significantly reduces the fouling of bovine serum albumin (BSA, a model foulant). In addition, guest residues introduced into the PPII sequence are shown to significantly impact BSA adsorption as well as human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) spreading. This research will help guide future PPII peptide designs for incorporation into novel biomaterials.
Graphical abstract
College Sport Communicator Leaders’ Perceptions of Sport Information Operations
Authors: Elliott Kelly , Bunch Natalie , Williams Tyler 
Published: November 2024

Recent research indicates College Athletic Communicators (CACs) could benefit from more staff in the communication department (Elliott et al., 2023). However the request may not be supported by administration as additional staffing may not fit in the budget. Therefore, it appears imperative to evaluate no-cost options to alleviate the feelings of being under-appreciated and overworked. The College Sport Communicators (CSC) professional association may be a strong advocate for the profession and may have the ability to provide needed resources for those serving in CAC positions. Therefore, the research presented in this study aims to explore the perspective and experiences of CSC leaders to evaluate how to better serve the CAC profession with an understanding of limited resources. In this study, semi-structed interviews with CSC leaders were conducted. Data provided by the participants indicate ways for CACs to avoid burn out and how athletic administrators can work to support the profession.