bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survey of gravitationally-lensed objects in HSC imaging (SuGOHI)
Authors: Sonnenfeld Alessandro , Jaelani Anton T. , Chan James , More Anupreeta , Suyu Sherry H. , Wong Kenneth C. , Oguri Masamune , Lee Chien-Hsiu 
Published: August 2019

Context.The determination of the stellar initial mass function (IMF) of massive galaxies is one of the open problems in cosmology. Strong gravitational lensing is one of the few methods that allow us to constrain the IMF outside of the Local Group.Aims.The goal of this study is to statistically constrain the distribution in the IMF mismatch parameter, defined as the ratio between the true stellar mass of a galaxy and that inferred assuming a reference IMF, of massive galaxies from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) constant mass (CMASS) sample.Methods.We took 23 strong lenses drawn from the CMASS sample, measured their Einstein radii and stellar masses using multi-band photometry from the Hyper Suprime-Cam survey, then fitted a model distribution for the IMF mismatch parameter and dark matter halo mass to the whole sample. We used a prior on halo mass from weak lensing measurements and accounted for strong lensing selection effects in our model.Results.Assuming a Navarro Frenk and White density profile for the dark matter distribution, we infer a valueμIMF = −0.04 ± 0.11 for the average base-10 logarithm of the IMF mismatch parameter, defined with respect to a Chabrier IMF. A Salpeter IMF is in tension with our measurements.Conclusions.Our results are consistent with a scenario in which the region of massive galaxies where the IMF normalisation is significantly heavier than that of the Milky Way is much smaller than the scales 5 − 10 kpc probed by the Einstein radius of the lenses in our sample, as recent spatially-resolved studies of the IMF in massive galaxies suggest.
Observations on spatial variations of the Sr I 4607 Å scattering polarization signals at different limb distances with ZIMPOL
Authors: Dhara Sajal Kumar , Capozzi Emilia , Gisler Daniel , Bianda Michele , Ramelli Renzo , Berdyugina Svetlana , Alsina Ernest , Belluzzi Luca 
Published: August 2019

Context. The Sr I 4607 Å spectral line shows one of the strongest scattering polarization signals in the visible solar spectrum. The amplitude of this polarization signal is expected to vary at granular spatial scales, due to the combined action of the Hanle effect and the local anisotropy of the radiation field. Observing these variations would be of great interest because it would provide precious information on the small-scale activity of the solar photosphere. At present, few detections of such spatial variations have been reported. This is due to the difficulty of these measurements, which require combining high spatial (∼0.1″), spectral (≤20 mÅ), and temporal resolution (< 1 min) with increased polarimetric sensitivity (∼10−4).
Aims. We aim to detect spatial variations at granular scales of the scattering polarization peak of the Sr I 4607 Å line at different limb distances, and to study the correlation with the continuum intensity.
Methods. Using the Zurich IMaging POLarimeter (ZIMPOL) system mounted at the GREGOR telescope and spectrograph in Tenerife, Spain, we carried out spectro-polarimetric measurements to obtain the four Stokes parameters in the Sr I line at different limb distances, from μ = 0.2 to μ = 0.8, on the solar disk.
Results. Spatial variations of the scattering polarization signal in the Sr I 4607 Å line, with a spatial resolution of about 0.66″, are clearly observed at every μ. The spatial scale of these variations is comparable to the granular size. A statistical analysis reveals that the linear scattering polarization amplitude in this Sr I spectral line is positively correlated with the intensity in the continuum, corresponding to the granules, at every μ.
HD 965: An extremely peculiar A star with an extremely long rotation period
Authors: Mathys G. , Romanyuk I. I. , Hubrig S. , Kudryavtsev D. O. , Schöller M. , Semenko E. A. , Yakunin I. A. 
Published: August 2019

Context. One of the keys to understanding the origin of Ap stars and their significance in the general context of stellar astrophysics is by considering the most extreme properties displayed by some of them. For this reason, HD 965 is particularly interesting as it combines some of the most pronounced chemical peculiarities with one of the longest rotation periods known.
Aims. We characterise the variations of the magnetic field of the Ap star HD 965 and derive constraints about its structure.
Methods. We combined published measurements of the mean longitudinal field ⟨Bz⟩ of HD 965 with new determinations of this field moment from circular spectropolarimetry obtained at the 6-m telescope BTA of the Special Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences. For the mean magnetic field modulus ⟨B⟩, literature data were complemented by the analysis of ESO archive spectra.
Results. We present the first determination of the rotation period of HD 965, Prot = (16.5 ± 0.5) yr. The star HD 965 is only the third Ap star with a period longer than ten years for which magnetic field measurements have been obtained over more than a full cycle. The variation curve of ⟨Bz⟩ is well approximated by a cosine wave. Furthermore, ⟨B⟩ does not show any significant variation. The observed behaviour of these field moments is well represented by a simple model consisting of the superposition of collinear dipole, quadrupole, and octupole. The distribution of neodymium over the surface of HD 965 is highly non-uniform. The element appears concentrated around the magnetic poles, especially the negative one.
Conclusions. The shape of the longitudinal magnetic variation curve of HD 965 indicates that its magnetic field is essentially symmetric about an axis passing through the centre of the star. Overall, HD 965 appears similar to the bulk of the long-period Ap stars, as far as its magnetic field is concerned.
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided rendezvous in benign biliary or pancreatic disorders with a 22-gauge needle and a 0.018-inch guidewire
Authors: Martínez Belén , Martínez Juan , Casellas Juan Antonio , Aparicio José R. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of endoscopic ultrasound-guided rendezvous (EUS-RV) for benign biliary or pancreatic disorders with a 22-gauge needle and a 0.018-inch guidewire.
Patients and methods Patients who underwent EUS-RV after failed biliary or pancreatic cannulation for benign disorder were candidates for this study. For EUS-RV, a 22-gauge needle and a 0.018-inch guidewire were used. Inclusion criteria were unsuccessful biliary or pancreatic cannulation for therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with benign biliary or pancreatic obstruction. Exclusion criteria included malignant biliary or pancreatic obstruction, inaccessible papilla due to surgically altered upper gastrointestinal anatomy or duodenal stricture, and previous sphincterotomy and/or biliary stent placement. The primary outcome was the technical success rate of biliary or pancreatic cannulation, and the secondary outcome was the rate of adverse events.
Results Thirty-one patients were evaluated. The overall technical success rate was 80.6 % (81.5 % in biliary and 75 % in pancreatic cases). Adverse events (AEs) were identified in 12.9 % of patients, including one with biliary peritonitis, one with abdominal pain and one with severe pancreatitis plus pneumomediastinum. Only one of the AEs (3.3 %) was directly related to the rendezvous procedure.
Conclusions EUS-RV may be a safe and feasible salvage method for unsuccessful cannulation for benign disorders. Use of a 22-gauge needle with a 0.018-inch guidewire may be the first option for benign pathology.
Outcome of endoscopic resection of colonic polyps larger than 10 mm in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Yadav Siddhant , Loftus Edward V. , Harmsen W. Scott , Wong Kee Song Louis M. , Coelho-Prabhu Nayantara 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims There are limited published data on endoscopic removal of colorectal polyps by endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and endoscopic mucosal dissection (ESD) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
Patients and methods We performed a retrospective review of patients with colonic IBD and colonic polyps >10mm who underwent EMR and/or ESD at our institution between January 1, 2012 and June 31, 2016.
Results Ninety-seven patients with pathology-confirmed IBD (median disease duration 16 years) were included. Mild or moderate active colitis (in background biopsies) was seen in 85 %. Of the total 124 polyps, location was ascending colon in 44 %, transverse in 15 % and sigmoid in 18.5 %; of the total, 55 % were < 20 mm and 45 % were ≥20mm in maximal diameter. Using the Paris classification, 56 % of polyps were polypoid sessile (Is) polyps, while 38 % were non-polypoid (IIa, IIb, IIc). EMR was used in 118 polyps, three required ESD, and three by combined EMR-ESD. Seventy-two percent were resected en-bloc; 28 % underwent piecemeal resection. Histology included low-grade dysplasia in 75, serrated adenoma in 31, and tubular adenoma in 14 polyps. Chromoendoscopy was used in 33 (26.6 %). Adverse events occurred in three patients. Colectomy was performed in 11 patients within 12 months. Recurrence was seen in 20 polyps, 11 of which were successfully resected en-bloc using EMR. Polyps ≥ 20 mm and polyps treated with APC were found to have a statistically significantly higher risk of recurrence.
Conclusion This study demonstrates the efficacy and safety of endoscopic resection of large polyps in patients with IBD, making them effective alternatives to colectomy.
Utilizing fourth-generation endocytoscopy and the ‘enlarged nuclear sign’ for in vivo diagnosis of early gastric cancer
Authors: Abad Mary Raina Angeli , Inoue Haruhiro , Ikeda Haruo , Manolakis Anastassios , Rodriguez de Santiago Enrique , Sharma Ashish , Fujiyoshi Yusuke , Fukuda Hisashi , Sumi Kazuya , Onimaru Manabu , Shimamura Yuto 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims Fourth-generation endocytoscopy is an ultra-high magnification endoscopic technique designed to provide excellent quality in vivo histologic assessment of gastrointestinal lesions. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of endocytoscopy in early gastric cancer diagnosis.
Patients and methods A single-center, retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from all gastric endocytoscopic examinations was conducted. Two expert endoscopists, blinded to white-light and narrow-band imaging findings as well as histopathologic diagnosis, independently reviewed and diagnosed all endocytoscopic images. A newly recognized “enlarged nuclear sign” was detected, and its implication in early gastric cancer diagnosis was evaluated. The diagnostic performance of fourth-generation endocytoscopy was assessed while using the gold standard histopathology as a reference.
Results Forty-three patients (mean age±SD, 72.6 ± 12.1 years; 31 males) were enrolled. Based on histopathology, 23 had well-differentiated adenocarcinomas, four adenomas, and 16 non-neoplastic lesions. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of fourth-generation endocytoscopy for gastric cancer diagnosis were 87.0 % (95 % CI: 67.9 – 95.5), 80.0 % (95 % CI: 58.4 – 91.9), and 83.7 % (95 % CI: 70.0 – 91.9) by endoscopist A; and 91.3 % (95 % CI: 73.2 – 97.6), 75.0 % (95 % CI: 53.1 – 88.8), and 83.7 % (95 % CI: 70.0 – 91.9) by endoscopist B. The inter-observer agreement, Kappa statistic = 0.71 (95 % CI: 0.50 – 0.93), was good. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the enlarged nuclear sign for early gastric cancer diagnosis were 87.0 % (95 % CI: 67.9 – 95.5), 95.0 % (95 % CI: 76.4 – 99.1), and 90.7 % (95 % CI: 78.4 – 96.3) by endoscopist A; and 82.6 % (95 % CI: 62.9 – 93.0), 85.0 % (95 % CI: 64.0 – 94.8), and 83.7 % (95 % CI: 70.0 – 91.9) by endoscopist B. The inter-observer agreement, Kappa statistic = 0.68 (95 % CI: 0.51 – 0.89) was good.
Conclusion: Fourth-generation endocytoscopy appears to aid in the diagnosis of early gastric cancer, particularly well-differentiated adenocarcinomas, due to its good diagnostic accuracy and identification of the “enlarged nuclear sign,” and deserves further evaluation in future studies.
Gute Praxis Datenlinkage (GPD)
Authors: March Stefanie , Andrich Silke , Drepper Johannes , Horenkamp-Sonntag Dirk , Icks Andrea , Ihle Peter , Kieschke Joachim , Kollhorst Bianca , Maier Birga , Meyer Ingo , Müller Gabriele , Ohlmeier Christoph , Peschke Dirk , Richter Adrian , Rosenbusch Marie-Luise , Scholten Nadine , Schulz Mandy , Stallmann Christoph , Swart Enno , Wobbe-Ribinski Stefanie , Wolter Antke , Zeidler Jan , Hoffmann Falk 
Published: August 2019

ZusammenfassungDas personenbezogene Verknüpfen verschiedener Datenquellen (Datenlinkage) für Forschungszwecke findet in den letzten Jahren in Deutschland zunehmend Anwendung. Jedoch fehlen hierfür konsentierte methodische Standards. Ziel dieses Beitrages ist es, solche Standards für Forschungsvorhaben zu definieren. Eine weitere Intention ist es, dem Lesenden eine Checkliste zur Bewertung geplanter Forschungsvorhaben und Artikel bereitzustellen. Zu diesem Zweck hat eine aus Mitgliedern verschiedener Fachgesellschaften zusammengesetzte Expertengruppe seit 2016 insgesamt 7 Leitlinien mit 27 konkreten Empfehlungen erstellt. Die Gute Praxis Datenlinkage beinhaltet die folgenden Leitlinien: (1) Forschungsziele, Fragestellung, Datenquellen und Ressourcen, (2) Dateninfrastruktur und Datenfluss, (3) Datenschutz, (4) Ethik, (5) Schlüsselvariablen und Linkageverfahren, (6) Datenprüfung/Qualitätssicherung sowie (7) Langfristige Datennutzung für noch festzulegende Fragestellungen. Jede Leitlinie wird ausführlich diskutiert. Zukünftige Aktualisierungen werden wissenschaftliche und datenschutzrechtliche Entwicklungen berücksichtigen.
Instant messenger smartphone application for endosonographer/cytopathologist real-time interaction at a distance in EUS-FNA for solid pancreatic lesions
Authors: Machado Rodrigo S. , Richa Rafaela , Callegari Fabiano , Souza Giovana B. , Tolentino Luciano L. , Nakao Frank S. , Ferrari Angelo , Libera Ermelino 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims Telecytopathology (TCP) may allow proper and timely evaluation of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) specimens. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of TC through a multiplatform instant messenger smartphone application to evaluate specimens of EUS-FNA of pancreatic solid lesions.
Patients and methods Twenty-three patients (14 male/9 female; median age: 56 yr.; age range: 33 – 86) with a solid pancreatic lesion were included. Exclusion criteria were as follows: age < 18 yr and predominantly cystic lesions. During each EUS-FNA, after each pass, the aspirated material was spread over a glass slide and was stained by the endoscopist. The glass slide was then reviewed on a microscope with a smartphone fitted in, and the most representative fields were captured and sent to the cytopathologist using WhatsApp Messenger.
Results In initial evaluation using TCP rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE), adequate cellularity of the glass slide was detected in 16 of 23 patients (69.6 %). An initial diagnosis of malignancy (positive or suspicious) was possible in 14 of 23 patients (60.8 %).
Conclusion The current study demonstrated the feasibility of a low-cost, Internet-based, telecytopathology system using WhatsApp Messenger to provide ROSE of EUS-FNA slides in patients with solid pancreatic lesions.
Reviewing Complex Static-Dynamic Concepts of Spine Stability: Does the Spine Care Only to Be Stiff to Be Stable?
Authors: Mahato Niladri Kumar 
Published: August 2019

Background Changes in the load-displacement relationship in spine segments suggesting alterations in biomechanical stiffness may not yield significant clinical information. Changes in Spine stiffness may arise secondary to neuro-muscular adjustments in the para-spinal muscles and may not be associated with physical anatomical laxity or motion restrictions at segmental articulations. Segmental stiffness may vary dynamically at different zones within the range-of-motion, suggesting a non-linear load-displacement relationship during motion. There is no linear, mechanistic relationship between spine pain and biomechanical markers of spine instability.
Objective To review diagnostic assessment approaches of spine instability based on palpatory techniques, end-of-range radiography and imaging in light of our current understanding of biomechanical spine stability.
Method The Medline and PubMed databases were screened for primary medical and engineering research articles and reviews on spine stability. Information related to bio-mechanical concepts and clinical decision-making were extracted and synthesized. Spine stability was described in two classical forms, the structural (anatomical) and the functional (physiological), the implications of static and dynamic instability was described in terms of biomechanical and mathematical models used to understand etiology of non-specific back pain.
Results Evidence supports the view that dynamic adaptations in the load-displacement relationship of the spine may be resistive or assistive, depending on task-specific movements. Diagnosis of instability is based on structural and functional integrity of the segments in a static or dynamic context.
Conclusion Development of specific criteria to define clinical spine stability, compatible with system-based biomechanical concept of spine stiffness, is an ongoing topic in clinical and basic science research.
Estimation of Adult Human Height from the Bigonial Width and Mandibular Arch
Authors: Aragão José Aderval , Santana Guilherme Machado de , Sacramento Erick Mendonça do , Marcelo Israel Santos , Aragão Iapunira Catarina Sant'Anna , Sant'Anna Aragão Felipe Matheus , Reis Francisco Prado 
Published: August 2019

Introduction An individual's sex, age and height are of great importance in legal medicine, especially with regard to identifying corpses. Height estimates are based on the proportionality relationship that exists between an individual's height and his various body parts.
Objective To analyze the relationship between mandible measurements (length of the mandibular arch and bigonial width) and height.
Materials and methods This study was conducted on the population of the Mussuca quilombo settlement, which is in the municipality of Laranjeiras, state of Sergipe, Brazil. The sample was composed of 300 individuals: 150 women and 150 men aged between 18 and 85 years old. The statistical analysis was done using the Statistical Package for the Social Scienes SPSS®, version 19.0, for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, EUA) and Excel 2010 (Microsoft Corp., Redmond, WA, USA).
Results The correlation coefficients were found to be low, with weak correlations between the measurements of the mandibula and height. Analysis on these values shows a very small positive correlation between height and the length of the mandibular arch among males (r = 0.177; p < 0.05) and among females (r = 0.271; p = 0.001); and between height and bigonial width among females (r = 0.169; p < 0,05).
Conclusion Height may be estimated less exactly in cases in which only cephalofacial dimensions are available for legal medical examination.
Effects of Neuroendocrine Centers on Germ and Germline Cells in Dendrobaena atheca Cernosvitov (Annelida: Lumbricidae)
Authors: Gorgees Najem Shlemoon , Kiret Ziyad Tahseen 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe aim of the present comprehensive experimental study was to reveal the effects of the removal and the regeneration of the main neuroendocrine centers in the oogonia, oocytes and trophocytes in Dendrobaena atheca. Various types of serial sections of ovaries and cephalic regions were obtained. Four histological staining techniques were employed. In controlled preparations, the neurosecretory activities of A-cells and C-cells showed correlation with cellular activities of oogonia, oocytes and trophocytes. In experimental preparations, removal of A-cells caused abnormalities in oocytes and trophocytes. The regeneration of A-cells restored vitellogenesis and repaired abnormalities. In both preparations, C-cells remained aldehyde-fuchsin (AF)-positive. B-cells and U-cells remained AF-negative. The oogonia showed continuous mitotic divisions. Regenerated A-cells appeared in week 3, increased in number, but could not stop the abnormalities, as hormones were not transported due to the lack or scarcity of blood capillaries. Therefore, abnormalities increased extremely. Then, they stopped, decreased, and were repaired due to hormonal transport via fully reconstructed blood capillary plexuses. The main conclusions are: (1) oocytes and trophocytes are controlled by A-cells, since they exhibited prominent changes during the removal and regeneration of A-cells; (2) oogonia are controlled by C-cells, as they showed correlation of activities with C-cells and were not affected by the removal and regeneration of A-cells; (3) B-cells and U-cells remained inactive; hence, they have no role in oogonia divisions and vitellogenesis; and (4) delayed hormonal effects of regenerated A-cells were due to the lack or scarcity of blood capillaries. Therefore, fully reconstructed blood capillary beds in the A-cells area are indispensable for hormonal diffusion, transport and effectivity.
Primary Stability in Cementless Rotating Platform Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Small Scott R. , Rogge Renee D. , Reyes Eric M. , Seale Ryan B. , Elliott Jeffrey B. , Malinzak Robert A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractHighly porous ingrowth surfaces have been introduced into tibial tray fixation to improve long-term survivorship in cementless total knee arthroplasty. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of porous ingrowth surface on primary stability in the implanted cementless tibial component. Three tibial tray designs possessing sintered bead or roughened porous coating ingrowth surfaces were implanted into a foam tibia model with primary stability assessed via digital image correlation during stair descent and condylar liftoff loading. Follow-up testing was conducted by implanting matched-pair cadaveric tibias with otherwise identical trays with two iterations of ingrowth surface design. Trays were loaded and micromotion evaluated in a condylar liftoff model. The sintered bead tibial tray exhibited slightly lower micromotion than the roughened porous coating in stair descent loading. However, no significant difference in primary stability was observed in condylar liftoff loading in either foam or cadaveric specimens. Cementless tibial trays featuring two different iterations of porous ingrowth surfaces demonstrated both good stability in cadaveric specimens with less than 80 microns of micromotion and 1 mm of subsidence under cyclic loading. While improved ingrowth surfaces may lead to improved biological fixation and long-term osteointegration, this study was unable to identify a difference in primary stability associated with subsequent ingrown surface design iteration.