bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reporting of Clinical Genome Sequencing Results
Authors: Song Cui , Duzkale Hatice , Shen Jun 
Published: July 2018

AbstractHigh‐throughput sequencing and high‐performance computing technologies have become powerful tools in clinical genetic diagnosis of hereditary disorders and genetic screening of healthy individuals to provide information for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases or impairment and assessment of health. For patients with undiagnosed disorders, including many rare disorders, the whole‐genome sequencing (WGS) test may end the diagnostic odyssey, ultimately guiding clinical care for them and their families. A clinical WGS test relies on high‐quality genome‐sequencing data as well as sophisticated data‐interpretation approaches. Results are returned to the ordering physician in a concise report featuring an overall test result and in‐depth phenotype‐driven interpretation of the known or plausible genetic explanation of test indications. Patients have the option to decide whether the report should include secondary and incidental findings. Protocols and templates for reporting clinical WGS results and supplementary information are described in this article. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Glucagon‐like Peptide‐2 and the Regulation of Intestinal Growth and Function
Authors: Brubaker Patricia L. 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTGlucagon‐like peptide‐2 (GLP‐2) is an intestinally derived hormone that enhances intestinal growth, digestion, absorption, barrier function, and blood flow in healthy animals as well as preventing damage and improving repair in preclinical models of enteritis and colitis and following massive small bowel resection. These beneficial effects of GLP‐2 on the intestinal tract are largely recapitulated in humans with intestinal failure. The high‐specificity of this peptide for the intestinal tract and the development of degradation‐resistant, long‐acting GLP‐2 receptor agonists have rapidly led to clinical implementation of GLP‐2‐based therapy for the treatment of patients with short bowel syndrome, with few reported side effects. This comprehensive review covers the biology of GLP‐2, from the control of proglucagon gene expression and the posttranslational processing of proglucagon to liberate GLP‐2 to the regulation of GLP‐2 secretion from the intestinal L cell, and from the mechanism of action of GLP‐2 through its highly localized receptor to the biological activities of GLP‐2 in the intestine and other restricted locations in the body, under physiological conditions as well as in animal models of intestinal disease and in patients with short bowel syndrome. Collectively, the history of GLP‐2 serves as a remarkable bench‐to‐bedside story of translational medicine. © 2017 American Physiological Society.Compr Physiol8:1185‐1210, 2018.
Immobilization of a Full Photosystem in the Large‐Pore MIL‐101 Metal–Organic Framework for CO2 reduction
Authors: Wang Xia , Wisser Florian M. , Canivet Jérôme , Fontecave Marc , Mellot‐Draznieks Caroline 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA molecular catalyst [Cp*Rh(4,4′‐bpydc)]2+ and a molecular photosensitizer [Ru(bpy)2(4,4′‐bpydc)]2+ (bpydc=bipyridinedicarboxylic acid) were co‐immobilized into the highly porous metal–organic framework MIL‐101‐NH2(Al) upon easy postsynthetic impregnation. The Rh–Ru@MIL‐101‐NH2 composite allows the reduction of CO2 under visible light, while exhibiting remarkable selectivity with the exclusive production of formate. This Rh–Ru@MIL‐101‐NH2 solid represents the first example of MOFs functionalized with both a catalyst and a photosensitizer in a noncovalent fashion. Thanks to the coconfinement of the catalyst and photosensitizer into the cavity's nanospace, the MOF pores are used as nanoreactors and enable molecular catalysis in a heterogeneous manner.
Semiconducting Synthetic Melanin‐Based Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Photoanodes for Solar Water Oxidation
Authors: Lee Cheolmin , Jeon Dasom , Bae Sanghyun , Kim Hyunwoo , Han Yujin , Lee Yang Woo , Ryu Jungki 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe report the development of semiconducting melanin‐based organic/inorganic hybrid photoanodes for solar water oxidation. Synthetic melanin thin‐film incorporating polyoxometalate (POM) water oxidation catalysts (WOCs) are readily deposited on the surface of various n‐type inorganic semiconductors (e.g., Fe2O3, BiVO4, and TiO2) by electropolymerization. The deposition of melanin and POM hybrid (MP) thin‐film results in the remarkably improved performance of an underlying semiconductor photoanode for solar water oxidation with a significantly increased photocurrent density and decreased onset potential for water oxidation through the formation of a melanin‐based p–n heterojunction structure. We believe that this study can provide insights into the design and fabrication of various melanin‐based optoelectronic devices by utilizing its unique physicochemical properties.
Diffusion tensor imaging reveals microstructural alterations in corpus callosum and associated transcallosal fiber tracts in adult macaques with neonatal hippocampal lesions
Authors: Meng Yuguang , Hu Xiaoping , Zhang Xiaodong , Bachevalier Jocelyne 
Published: July 2018

AbstractTo investigate the effects of neonatal hippocampal lesions on the microstructural integrity of the corpus callosum (CC) in adulthood, macaque monkeys (n = 5) with neonatal bilateral neurotoxic hippocampal lesion (Neo‐Hibo) and sham‐operated controls (Neo‐C, n = 5) were scanned using magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) technique at 8–10 years old. CC was segmented into seven regionsgrouped into anterior CC (rostrum, genu, rostral body and anterior midbody) and posterior CC (posterior midbody, isthmus and splenium) for data analysis. Associated transcallosal fiber tracts were delineated using probabilistic tractography and evaluated with tract‐based spatial statistics (TBSS). Neo‐Hibo lesions resulted in significant increased diffusivity indices (mean, axial and radial diffusivity) in CC posterior segments. Also, significant decreased fractional anisotropy (FA) and increased diffusivity indices were seen in the associated transcallosal fiber tracts proximal to motor, posterior parietal and retrosplenial cortices. In Neo‐Hibo animals, increased mean diffusivity (MD) in posterior midbody negatively correlated with reduction of CC surface areaand the magnitude of their memory impairments was significantly correlated with FA in transcallosal fiber tracts across splenium. Although no microstructural changes were observed in CC anterior segments, changes in FA values and diffusivity indices were observed in the white matter fibers of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. Thus, Neo‐H lesions resulted in enduring degradation in transcallosal fibers proximal to parietal and retrosplenial cortices, and hemispheric connections through posterior CC. The findings may provide complementary information for understanding the neural substrate of behavioral and cognitive deficits observed in patients with early insult to the hippocampus.
Enabling and Practicing Systems Engineering Agility – Prelude
Authors: Dove Rick 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTAgile systems engineering must function effectively in an engineering environment that is capricious, uncertain, risky, variable, and evolving (CURVE). This article leads off with methods for determining and justifying response capability requirements in such environments. These methods answer the questions: why is agility needed, and what must agility address? Subsequently, this article shows a framework for an agile system engineering lifecycle model (ASELCM) that has emerged from an INCOSE project concerned principally with determining such a model by analyzing real‐world cases of what works. Together, the first enables effective process design, the second provides guidance for effective process practice. Finally, the article presents a synopsis of accompanying articles supporting the theme of this INSIGHT issue.
Agile Dynamics at Scale
Authors: Markina‐Khusid Aleksandra , Moulton Allen , Howard Greg , James John H. , Mahoney Paula J. , Ricks Sean 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTWider adoption of Lean‐Agile software development methods has prompted interest in tailoring these small team methods to meet the needs of larger organizations. The Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe) for Lean Software Development incorporates many Lean‐Agile best practices and has become a leading proposition for applying agile methods at scale (Leffingwell 2016). To help managers visualize how SAFe might work for their organization, we have created a management flight simulator based on a system dynamics model of SAFe. Using these tools, decision makers who consider transitioning their organizations to SAFe can perform virtual experiments by changing parameters such as team size, developer experience level, sprint length, and whether developers perform continuous integration to explore how these programmatic decisions affect the rate at which work is completed. Such process prototyping can provide a justification for adopting SAFe, which often includes costly training and organizational restructuring, by forming a basis for quantifying return on investment. We applied our system dynamics model to a real program and showed that instituting continuous integration can improve throughput by 54% while decreasing defects by 88%.
Synergy: Agile Systems Engineering and Product Line Engineering at Rockwell Collins
Authors: Dove Rick 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTRockwell Collins, in Cedar Rapids, US‐IA, uses a product line approach for a family of radios they produce for military and international markets, and employs an agile systems engineering process that asynchronously aligns software, firmware, and hardware development increments. This mixed‐discipline engineering group encompasses some 350 employees working on multiple projects simultaneously for multiple customers. Key concepts enabling and facilitating agility include a product line architecture, active forward‐looking needs awareness and opportunity management, organizational relationship management, cross‐discipline development increment coupling, and an infrastructure platform for hardware and firmware development.
Control Disinfection Byproducts With Spray Stripping in Storage Tanks
Authors: Schneider Orren D. , LeChevallier Mark W. , Yang Jian , Hughes David M. , Reed Harold 
Published: July 2018

AbstractCompliance with the Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts (DBP) Rule is often achieved by treating water at a treatment plant to reduce DBP formation. However, it could be more cost‐effective to use localized treatment in the distribution system to target specific problem areas.
Species‐specific fish larvae drift in anthropogenically constructed riparian zones on the Vienna impoundment of the River Danube, Austria: Species occurrence, frequencies, and seasonal patterns based on DNA barcoding
Authors: Meulenbroek Paul , Drexler Silke , Huemer Daniela , Gruber Stephanie , Krumböck Susanne , Rauch Pablo , Stauffer Christian , Waidbacher Viktoria , Zirgoi Sabine , Zwettler Matthias , Waidbacher Herwig 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAs a result of river regulations over several centuries, followed by restoration measures in recent decades, most of the River Danube shoreline is man‐made, primarily riprap, but some reconstructed gravel banks and riparian side arms. We investigated the effects of these different structures on fish larval dispersal over a 20‐km stretch in Vienna via the use of drift nets. The habitats examined were created 18 years ago when the impoundment of the Danube hydropower station Vienna/Freudenau was constructed. About 15,000 fish larvae were trapped, and a subsample was determined to species level by DNA barcoding. In total, 26 different species were detected, including 10 species that are endangered or in danger of extinction. When species composition was considered, cyprinids become dominant at sites downstream of gravel bars, whereas in riprap sections, the majority of the larvae consist of invasive Gobiidae. Side arm habitats provide spawning and nursery grounds for additional species. Furthermore, clear species‐related seasonal patterns were observed with peak densities and multiple spawning periods of some species being recorded. The largest peak of Percidae occurred in the first half of May, followed by Cyprinidae at the end of May and Gobiidae in mid‐June.
Dynamic non‐local theory stress analysis of two equal and collinear mode‐I cracks in the orthotropic medium
Authors: Liu Hai‐Tao , Wu Wen‐Juan , Wu Jian‐Guo 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn this study, dynamic stress analysis of two equal and collinear mode‐I cracks in the orthotropic medium is conducted using the non‐local theory, the generalized Almansi's theorem and the Schmidt method. Fourier transform is applied to solve the problem, and the problem is converted to a pair of dual integral equations. The dynamic non‐local stress fields near the crack tips are obtained. The effects of the distance between the two equal and collinear cracks, the circular frequency of the incident waves the lattice parameter on the stress field near the crack tips are discussed. The present solution exhibits no stress singularity at the crack tips in the orthotropic medium, i.e. the dynamic non‐local stress field near the crack tips is finite. The obtained results play an important role in designing new composite structures in engineering.
A third gradient elastic material resulting from the homogenization of a von Kármán ribbon‐reinforced composite
Authors: El Jarroudi Mustapha 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe study the homogenization of an elastic material reinforced with thin periodic parallel elastic ribbons. We assume perfect adhesion along the common interface between the matrix and the ribbons. We assume that the ribbons are isotropic von Kármán plates of highly contrasting rigidity with respect to that of the matrix. The main result is the derivation of an effective stored energy involving new degrees of freedom implying second and third gradient of displacements.
Study on CA-CFAR Algorithm Based on Normalization Processing of Background Noise for HI of Optical Fiber
Authors: Wang Yanping , Qu Dandan , Zhao Chao , Yang Dan 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Optical fiber pre-warning system (OFPS) is often used to monitor the occurrence of disasters such as the leakage of oil and natural gas pipeline. It analyzes the collected vibration signals to judge whether there is any harmful intrusion (HI) events. At present, the research in this field is mainly focused on the constant false alarm rate (CFAR) methods and derivative algorithms to detect intrusion signals. However, the performance of CFAR is often limited to the actual collected signals distribution. It is found that the background noise usually obeys non-independent and identically distribution (Non-IID) through the statistical analysis of acquisition signals. In view of the actual signal distribution characteristics, this paper presents a CFAR detection method based on the normalization processing for background noise. A high-pass filter is designed for the actual Non-IID background noise data to obtain the characterization characteristic. Then, the background noise is converted to independent and identically distribution (IID) by using the data characteristic. Next, the collected data after normalization is processed with efficient cell average constant false alarm rate (CA-CFAR) method for detection. Finally, the results of experiments both show that the intrusion signals can be effectively detected, and the effectiveness of the algorithm is verified.
Validation of geriatric depression and anxiety rating scales into Arabic
Authors: Karam Georges Elie , Khandakji Mohannad Nawaf , Sahakian Nayri Sarkis , Dandan Jessica Christian , Karam Elie Georges 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIntroductionThis study aimed to examine the validity and internal consistency of Arabic version of the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia (A‐CSDD) and compare it to the Geriatric Depression and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scales.MethodsHundred fifty individuals were recruited; they underwent a clinical interview and filled the A‐CSDD, Geriatric Depression Scale, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. The depression rating scales were validated against the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual disorders.ResultsA‐CSDD found to have sensitivity of 70%, specificity of 91%, and internal consistency of 0.89. The presence of depression was significantly associated with dementia. The associations of the A‐CSDD with Arabic Geriatric Depression Scale (r: 0.3) and Arabic Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (r: 0.4) were lower in the demented group than in the nondemented group (r: 0.7 and 0.8, respectively).ConclusionThe diagnosis of depression in the context of dementia may be challenging. With this validated version, clinicians now have a tool helping them with the diagnosis.
Evaluation of 3 approaches for increasing patient engagement in clinical research: Feedback from a community engagement advisory board
Authors: Matthews Alicia K. , Rak Kevin , Anderson Emily , Castillo Amparo , Ruiz Raymond , Choure Wendy , Willis Marilyn 
Published: July 2018

IntroductionThe purpose of this study was to obtain feedback from a diverse group of community advisory board members about different clinic or hospital-based approaches to increasing research participation.MethodsMembers of an established community engagement advisory board (n=16) provided qualitative and survey data regarding attitudes and preferences for 3 hospital and clinic system strategies to recruit patients into clinical research including universal consent for research, patient registries, and patient portals.ResultsOverall, there was moderate support for each of the 3 approaches discussed. Board members described advantages and disadvantages of each method. Based on the qualitative data, universal consent was viewed as the best strategy for consenting high volumes of patients for research. However, patient registries and portals were seen as more acceptable, less-intrusive and more likely to result in higher participation rates. Survey data were consistent with qualitative findings.ConclusionsInput from community stakeholders is needed to identify strategies to enhance participation and increase diversity in clinical research. Members of our CEAB identified patient registries and portals as feasible and nonintrusive approaches to increasing research participation. Additional research is needed to confirm these findings and to establish best practices for supporting patients in using registry approaches.
Seed Rain and Disturbance Impact Recruitment of Invasive Plants in Upland Forest
Authors: Emsweller Lauren N. , Gorchov David L. , Zhang Qi , Driscoll Angela G. , Hughes Michael R. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA critical question in invasion biology involves the relative importance of propagule rain and community invasibility. For plant invasions, invasibility is often related to disturbance, but few studies of forest invaders have simultaneously investigated both canopy and ground-level disturbance. We investigated the relative importance of seed rain, canopy disturbance, and soil disturbance in a mature forest in Maryland on the recruitment of four invasive species: wine raspberry (Rubus phoenicolasiusMaxim.), Japanese barberry (Berberis thunbergiiDC), multiflora rose (Rosa multifloraThunb.), and Japanese stiltgrass [Microstegium vimineum(Trin.) A. Camus]. Using complete censuses of a 9-ha plot at two points in time (2011–12 and 2014), we mapped new recruits, and related their locations to canopy and soil disturbance, as well as to a seed rain index based on locations of reproducing plants and seed-dispersal kernels.We found that propagule rain, as measured by the seed rain index, was a significant predictor of recruitment forB. thunbergii,R. phoenicolasius, andM. vimineum. ForR. multiflora, seed sources were not located, precluding assessment of propagule rain, but recruitment was linked to canopy disturbance, as was recruitment ofM. vimineum. However, because reproduction ofR. phoenicolasiusand, in some years, ofB. thunbergiiis higher in treefall gaps, these gaps experience higher propagule rain, with the result that recruitment is indirectly associated with these gaps. Ground-layer disturbance was an important predictor of recruitment only forB. thunbergii. Our findings reveal that the importance of propagule rain is the most consistent driver of recruitment, but canopy or ground-layer disturbance promotes recruitment of some invasive plant species.
A new genus of eurypterid (Chelicerata, Eurypterida) from the Upper Devonian salt deposits of Belarus
Authors: Plax Dmitry P. , Lamsdell James C. , Vrazo Matthew B. , Barbikov Dmitry V. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe describe a new stylonurid eurypterid from the evaporitic potassium-salt deposits of the Upper Devonian (Famennian) Soligorsk Formation in the Pripyat Trough of Belarus. All specimens are assigned toSoligorskopterus tchepeliensisnew genus new species, which represents the first formally described eurypterid species from Belarus. The occurrence of well-preserved eurypterids in these unusual evaporite deposits is most likely due to transport from freshwater stream habitats into a hypersaline setting following death.Soligorskopterus tchepeliensisn. gen. n. sp. appears to be intermediate between the traditionally considered parastylonurids and stylonurids and thus extends our understanding of stylonurid evolution in the mid-Paleozoic.Soligorskopterusn. gen. extends the occurrence of Famennian eurypterids into eastern Laurussia and the Stylonuridae into the Upper Devonian, and this taxon could be part of a global eurypterid habitat shift that took place in the Late Devonian.UUID:http://zoobank.org/466b0195-6199-495b-9270-6f032e2d7493
Swift, brokered and broad-based information exchange: how network structure facilitates stakeholders monitoring EU policy implementation
Authors: Schrama Reini 
Published: July 2018

AbstractMonitoring the implementation process in domestic settings of multi-level policies like the EU gender directives is dependent on interactions among a diverse set of policy stakeholders. However, there is no clear understanding of which factors determine the structure of these monitoring networks and what benefits effective exchange. Drawing on insights from social network theory, literature on information politics in transnational networks and policy network analysis, this study analyses what drives information exchange among actors in the monitoring network of women’s groups in the Netherlands. Using Exponential Random Graph Models, the analysis reveals distinctive structural features facilitating efficient information exchange and significant brokerage in the monitoring network. Moreover, the results demonstrate that interactions that serve the purpose of monitoring EU policy implementation occur among a diverse set of actors in a multi-level structure. These findings indicate that effective monitoring requires resourceful and broad-based information exchange to increase transparency in the implementation process.