bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation of hydrophilic reactive polyurethane and its application of anti-water erodibility in ecological restoration
Authors: Rong Xinshan , Zhang Lu , Zhang Xiaoying , Liang Zhishui , Wei Jing , Wang Congyan , Zhou Xiangtong , Wu Zhiren 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In this work, a novel hydrophilic reactive polyurethane (HRPU) material and HRPU-based composite materials were prepared and used as chemical anti-water erodibility materials for Pisha sandstone. The compressive strength, surface hardness, penetrability and water contact angle were investigated. The results showed that the deformation rate of Pisha sandstone sprayed with HRPU/ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) material was approximately 15%, significantly larger than that of other Pisha sandstone samples, while the compressive strength was significantly improved, providing a good penetrability to form a hydrophobic consolidation layer, locking the water in soil. Meanwhile, the micro-morphology of Pisha sandstone was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images and the water retaining ability of HRPU/EVA material was discussed in detail. The results showed that the water content of Pisha sandstone sprayed with HRPU/EVA material could reach more than 20%, even after 16 h, which presented an excellent water retaining ability. In addition, the anti-water erodibility of Pisha sandstone with HRPU/EVA was improved to prevent soil and water loss, and provide some feasibility for growing plants. Therefore, it could provide a new material and idea to protect the Pisha sandstone area and other erosion areas.
Kapazitätsauslastung, Skaleneffizienz oder technischer Fortschritt?
Authors: Jopp Tobias A. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Capacity utilization, scale efficiency or technical change? Which factors determined total factor productivity of the large corporations in Ruhr coal mining in the interwar period (1919–1938)?
Business and economic historians in Germany still face quite substantial informational gaps when it comes to assessing firms’ historical performance. While the use of indicators derived from external accounting or the capital market is common, indicators relating more closely to the sphere of production are often neglected, not the least because of data insufficiencies or the effort involved in collecting suitable data. For 15 mining corporations that can be associated with the 100 largest corporations in Germany as of 1938 according to Fiedler (1999), this article documents and interprets estimates of firm-specific total factor productivity and its components for the interwar period.
Das Verbot der deutschen Luftfahrtindustrie und die Erfindung ihrer Geschichte, 1945 bis 1953
Authors: Budrass Lutz 
Published: July 2019

Abstract:

The ban on German aviation and the creation/fabrication of its history The article traces the origins of two central features of the historiography of the German aircraft industry: while its contribution to technical progress by the end of World War II tends to be grossly exaggerated – particularly in the case of the so-called Wunderwaffen, the jet fighters of Messerschmitt and Heinkel – its industrial basis und its role in the German war economy are played down to an impression that, until 1945, the industry consisted of tiny workshops of mere handicraft character. It is shown that this narrative was carefully constructed between 1945 and 1953, highlighted by memoirs of former military leaders of the Luftwaffe like Adolf Galland and Werner Baumbach, but predominantely through the memoirs of Ernst Heinkel, the leading industrialist during the Nazi period. These memioirs appeared at a time when it seemed unlikely – due to a total ban on German aviation under the Allied occupation – that a German aircraft industry would ever rise again. By exaggerating the German technological lead in 1945 they eased the idea that the industry was outdated when the chances grew for its return to the international market in 1953. Meanwhile, the outright denial of the size and importance of the industry during the war indirectly provided a chance to gloss over the participation of the industrialists in the Nazi crimes, highlighted by the use of concentration camp inmates and slave labourers who formed the bulk of the workforce in the production of the Wunderwaffen.
O conceito de racismo institucional no âmbito da formação acadêmico-profissional do serviço social
Authors: Alves Leonardo Dias 
Published: July 2019

O objetivo desse trabalho é situar a necessidade da apropriação do conceito de racismo institucional no âmbito da formação acadêmico-profissional do Serviço Social. Partimos do processo de formação sócio-histórica brasileira, tendo o período escravista mercantil como um marco histórico essencial para pensar os arranjos das classes trabalhadoras brasileiras em relação à população negra. Apontam-se brevemente os desafios e avanços do Serviço Social na luta antirracista. Demonstrando introdutoriamente as possibilidades de enfrentamento ao racismo institucional na formação acadêmico-profissional. Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to situate the need for the appropriation of the concept of institutional racism within the scope of the academic-professional formation of Social Work. For that, the materialist-historical method was used. We start from the historical rescue of the process of Brazilian socio-historical formation, with the mercantile slave-holding period as an essential historical framework for thinking about the arrangements of the Brazilian working classes in relation to the black population. The challenges and advances of Social Service in the anti-racist struggle are briefly mentioned. Demonstrating the possibilities of facing institutional racism in the academic-professional formation.
À procura do “sujeito racista”: a segregação da população cigana como caso paradigmático
Authors: Araújo Marta 
Published: July 2019

Este artigo procura delinear diversas noções de racismo, desde o entendimento eurocêntrico proposto pela chamada tradição UNESCO no início da década de 1950 até às críticas de intelectuais como Césaire e Carmichael/Turé e Hamilton nos anos 1960, e as reverberações destes debates no contexto europeu dos finais dos anos 1990, designadamente com a publicação do relatório Macpherson no contexto britânico. A partir desta discussão, é analisado um caso de estudo paradigmático da perpetuação do racismo em contextos democráticos – relacionado com a segregação da população cigana – revelador da sua legitimação através do funcionamento normal das instituições. Ancorando a reflexão no material empírico apresentado, o artigo dispensa a figura do “sujeito racista” e procura evidenciar os limites de uma abordagem liberal, positivista e eurocêntrica ao racismo – designadamente, a noção de racismo como preconceito do indivíduo acompanhado de ação discriminatória, requerendo a determinação de intenção, e que evade tanto a sua historicidade, como as suas expressões rotineiras nos contextos democráticos ocidentais contemporâneos. Abstract: This article attempts to outline different conceptions of racism, from the Eurocentric understanding proposed by the so-called UNESCO tradition in the early 1950s to the critique by intellectuals such as Césaire and Carmichael/Turé and Hamilton in the 1960s, and the reverberations of these debates in the European context of the 1990s, in particular with the publication of the Macpherson report in the British context. Following this discussion, I analyze a case paradigmatic of the perpetuation of racism in democratic contexts – related to the segregation of the Roma population – revealing its legitimization through the normal functioning of institutions. By anchoring this reflection in the empirical material presented, the article dispenses with the "racist subject" and seeks to highlight the limits of a liberal, positivist and Eurocentric approach to racism - namely, the conception of racism as individual prejudice and discriminatory action, requiring the determination of intent, which evades both its historicity and its everyday expressions in contemporary Western, democratic contexts.
Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Collaborative Cross (CC) Mice Recapitulates Individual Cardiotoxicity in Humans
Authors: Zeiss Caroline J , Gatti Daniel M , Toro-Salazar Olga , Davis Crystal , Lutz Cathleen M , Spinale Francis , Stearns Timothy , Furtado Milena B , Churchill Gary A 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Anthracyclines cause progressive cardiotoxicity whose ultimate severity is individual to the patient. Genetic determinants contributing to this variation are difficult to study using current mouse models. Our objective was to determine whether a spectrum of anthracycline induced cardiac disease can be elicited across 10 Collaborative Cross mouse strains given the same dose of doxorubicin. Mice from ten distinct strains were given 5 mg/kg of doxorubicin intravenously once weekly for 5 weeks (total 25 mg/kg). Mice were killed at acute or chronic timepoints. Body weight was assessed weekly, followed by terminal complete blood count, pathology and a panel of biomarkers. Linear models were fit to assess effects of treatment, sex, and sex-by-treatment interactions for each timepoint. Impaired growth and cardiac pathology occurred across all strains. Severity of these varied by strain and sex, with greater severity in males. Cardiac troponin I and myosin light chain 3 demonstrated strain- and sex-specific elevations in the acute phase with subsequent decline despite ongoing progression of cardiac disease. Acute phase cardiac troponin I levels predicted the ultimate severity of cardiac pathology poorly, whereas myosin light chain 3 levels predicted the extent of chronic cardiac injury in males. Strain- and sex-dependent renal toxicity was evident. Regenerative anemia manifested during the acute period. We confirm that variable susceptibility to doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity observed in humans can be modeled in a panel of CC strains. In addition, we identified a potential predictive biomarker in males. CC strains provide reproducible models to explore mechanisms contributing to individual susceptibility in humans.
Género y recursos naturales en Siberia, Costa Rica
Authors: Rodríguez Mayra 
Published: July 2019

Se da cuenta del estudio en que se identificó la percepción que tienen los hombres y las mujeres de la comunidad de Siberia -en el sur de Costa Rica- de los roles masculinos y femeninos en relación con los recursos naturales. Se trabajó con una muestra de 53 personas considerando niños(as), adolescentes, adultos/as y adultos/as mayores. Los principales hallazgos giraron en torno al hecho de que las percepciones de los/as sujetos/as son similares, independientemente de su género y su edad. Mayormente, la interpretación que los/as participantes hacen de la variable en estudio es que los hombres tienen un rol frente a los recursos naturales bastante más activo que el de las mujeres; a ellos se les considera en mayor contacto con los recursos, mucho más responsables de su deterioro, un poco más obligados a cuidarlos y casi completamente a cargo de pensar y desarrollar nuevas formas de uso que se caractericen por ser amigables.
Hearing Loss With Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection
Authors: Foulon Ina , De Brucker Yannick , Buyl Ronald , Lichtert Elke , Verbruggen Katia , Piérard Denis , Camfferman Fleur Anne , Gucciardo Léonardo , Gordts Frans 
Published: July 2019

OBJECTIVE:In this study, we determined the prevalence of hearing loss in 157 children with proven congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection. We looked at possible risk determinants for developing hearing loss and proposed recommendations for screening and follow-up in the newborn.METHODS:In a prospective 22-year study, 157 children with proven cCMV infection were evaluated for sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). The development of SNHL was correlated with the type of maternal infection (primary versus nonprimary), the gestational age of maternal primary infection, imaging findings at birth, and the presence of symptomatic or asymptomatic infection in the newborn.RESULTS:Of all children, 12.7% had SNHL, and 5.7% needed hearing amplification because of SNHL. Improvement, progression, and fluctuations of hearing thresholds were seen in 45%, 53.8%, and 5.7% of the children, respectively. Hearing loss was more common in the case of a symptomatic infection at birth (P = .017), after a maternal primary infection in the first trimester of pregnancy (P = .029), and in the presence of abnormalities on a neonatal brain ultrasound and/or MRI (P &lt; .001).CONCLUSIONSNHL is a common sequela in children with cCMV infection. Risk factors for SNHL were primary maternal infections before the 14th week of pregnancy, the presence of a disseminated infection at birth, and imaging abnormalities in the newborn. These children may benefit from a more thorough investigation for SNHL than children who do not present with those risk factors.
SEMANTIC SYNONYMY AS A FACTOR IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ARCHITECTURAL TERMINOLOGICAL VOCABULARY
Authors: Kucherenko Helena 
Published: July 2019

Purpose of research is to analyze the semantic features of terminological nominations in Ukrainian architectural terminology. Object of research is Ukrainian terminological vocabulary of architecture. Subject of research is the semantic differences between the terminological lexemes of the architectural field of activity. Material of research is vocabulary articles of explanatory and terminological dictionaries, dictionaries of synonyms. The paper applies descriptive, comparative and structural methods. Practical value – codification of modern Ukrainian terminology of architecture. Results of research: 1) certain semantic differences of the studied architectural lexemes that function in this system of terms are highlighted; 2) at each historical stage of development of the terminological system of architecture it is important to single out new characteristic changes in the semantics of terms and in the structure of terminological nominations that organize it; 3) terminological dictionaries on architecture, published in different historical periods, differently reflect the innovative changes in the architectural fund; 4) dictionaries of synonyms do not always give the necessary explanations with the designation of the semantic features in the frame of a specific terminological unit; 5) expansion of the conceptual field of the terms in architecture occurs constantly, which indicates stable active processes within it; 6) architectural terminological nominations require codification in dictionaries, reference books, state standardized documents.
TRANSLATION STRATEGIES FOR CONTEXTUAL MEANING
Authors: Panchenko Olena 
Published: July 2019

The aim of the article is to analyze translational strategies used to render a contextual meaning of a lexical unit. The article deals with the general problem of studying word translation in artistic English texts. The object of the article is the novels by K. Vonnegut. The subject of the article is translational transformations, their frequency and reliability. This problem is a topical one as any type of meaning on the one hand is a certain translational problem, on the other hand, it creates a text specificity. The material of investigation includes abstracts from various artistic texts of classical English literature. The methods of investigation are descriptive and comparative one. Thus the results of the article are the description of stylistic and translational peculiarities of contextual meaning. The mechanism of its translation was studied by a few researchers and the peculiarities of their functioning were analyzed. Translation of contextual meaning is important enough. Every language combines a form and value arbitrary enough and has specific character. All types of meaning have such inherent feature that they contrast to each other, and there are a few expressions that have different values but identical or similar form. The conclusions state that analyzing the classical English literature we can specify such translational transformations as main ones: 1) analogous translation; 2) compensation; 3) replacement. The main ways of translating this kind of words are analogue, compensation, replacement and sometimes omission which is not desirable. Their choice to a certain extent depends on the register of the context: neutral narrative, scientific or colloquial. Ther transformations in scientific context are less pronounced, there we can find analogues, antonymic translations and logical development. All types of replacements are traced in narrative register. The colloquial register may need all types of transformations, compensation among them. The prospects of our investigation are connected with studying possibilities of translating pragmaic meaning.
Calculation of nonequilibrium thermodynamic potential of Bose system near the condensation point
Authors: Haponenko K. M. , Sokolovsky A. I. 
Published: July 2019

Bose system of zero spin particles is considered in the presence of the Bose–Einstein condensate in the vicinity of the phase transition point. The system is investigated in the framework of the Bogolyubov model with the separated condensate. In this model an effective Hamiltonian of the system is introduced by replacing condensate creation and annihilation operators in system Hamiltonian by n01/2 where n0 is occupation number of the condensate state. According to Bogolyubov, the grand canonical thermodynamic potential related to the effective Hamiltonian is considered as nonequilibrium thermodynamic potential. In the present paper this potential is investigated as a function of the small variable n0. With the help of the thermodynamic perturbation theory it is shown that it is expanded in a series over integer powers of n0. This corresponds to the basic idea of the Landau theory of the phase transitions of the second kind. Coefficients at terms of the first and second orders in n0 in the expansion are calculated for Bose gas in the main approximation in small interaction. Calculation of the coefficients at terms of the third and fourth orders needs accounting contributions of the thermodynamic perturbation theory at least of the 4th order and will be done elsewhere. It is established that the results obtained for Bose gas do not fit into the Landau theory of phase transitions of the second kind. Some comments that discuss the situation are given.
Estudio comparativo de la producción de biomasa en fermentación superficial y en estado líquido de macromicetos con diferentes fuentes nutrimentales
Authors: Rubiano Flórez Diego Felipe , Chegwin-Angarita Carolina , Melo Oscar Orlando , Nieto-Ramírez Ivonne J. 
Published: July 2019

Los macromicetos han adquirido gran interés por su importancia alimenticia, terapéutica y económica, razón por la cual es necesario enfocar esfuerzos en la búsqueda de optimizar su producción de biomasa. El presente trabajo buscó determinar y comparar el efecto de la fermentación líquida (FEL) y superficial (FeSup) sobre la producción de biomasa de Flammulina velutipes, Hypsizigus tessulatus y Grifola frondosa empleando 6 fuentes de nutrientes de bajo costo: harina de soja, trigo integral, maíz blanco, maíz amarillo precocido, salvado de trigo y semillas de linaza molida. Los resultados de la FeSup permitieron determinar que la especie de mayor crecimiento radial, indistintamente de la fuente de nutrientes, es F. velutipes seguida de H. tessulatus y por ultimo G. frondosa, sin embargo, en la FEL no se observa la misma tendencia. La comparación en la producción de biomasa empleando FEL y FeSup, evidenció que los resultados son dependientes de la técnica de cultivo y que la FeSup no puede ser empleada para la selección preliminar de hongos macromicetos, enfocada en la producción de biomasa por FEL.
Contribution of Coiled-Coil Assembly to Ca2+/Calmodulin-Dependent Inactivation of TRPC6 Channel and its Impacts on FSGS-Associated Phenotypes
Authors: Polat Onur K. , Uno Masatoshi , Maruyama Terukazu , Tran Ha Nam , Imamura Kayo , Wong Chee Fah , Sakaguchi Reiko , Ariyoshi Mariko , Itsuki Kyohei , Ichikawa Jun , Morii Takashi , Shirakawa Masahiro , Inoue Ryuji , Asanuma Katsuhiko , Reiser Jochen , Tochio Hidehito , Mori Yasuo , Mori Masayuki X. 
Published: July 2019

Significance Statement
TRPC6 is a receptor-activated nonselective cation channel. Naturally occurring mutations in this channel are associated with FSGS. FSGS-associated TRPC6 channel mutations appear to have a “gain-of-function” mechanism, but the exact mechanism remains unclear. The authors show that negative feedback regulation induced by cellular calcium levels, called Ca2+-dependent inactivation (CDI), is impaired in FSGS-associated TRPC6 channel mutations. Dysfunctional coiled-coil assembly in the mutated TRPC6 disrupts calmodulin bridging which is essential for CDI. The authors reveal how disruption in a Ca2+-dependent regulatory mechanism may play a role in FSGS.

Background
TRPC6 is a nonselective cation channel, and mutations of this gene are associated with FSGS. These mutations are associated with TRPC6 current amplitude amplification and/or delay of the channel inactivation (gain-of-function phenotype). However, the mechanism of the gain-of-function in TRPC6 activity has not yet been clearly solved.

Methods
We performed electrophysiologic, biochemical, and biophysical experiments to elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying calmodulin (CaM)-mediated Ca2+-dependent inactivation (CDI) of TRPC6. To address the pathophysiologic contribution of CDI, we assessed the actin filament organization in cultured mouse podocytes.

Results
Both lobes of CaM helped induce CDI. Moreover, CaM binding to the TRPC6 CaM-binding domain (CBD) was Ca2+-dependent and exhibited a 1:2 (CaM/CBD) stoichiometry. The TRPC6 coiled-coil assembly, which brought two CBDs into adequate proximity, was essential for CDI. Deletion of the coiled-coil slowed CDI of TRPC6, indicating that the coiled-coil assembly configures both lobes of CaM binding on two CBDs to induce normal CDI. The FSGS-associated TRPC6 mutations within the coiled-coil severely delayed CDI and often increased TRPC6 current amplitudes. In cultured mouse podocytes, FSGS-associated channels and CaM mutations led to sustained Ca2+ elevations and a disorganized cytoskeleton.

Conclusions
The gain-of-function mechanism found in FSGS-causing mutations in TRPC6 can be explained by impairments of the CDI, caused by disruptions of TRPC’s coiled-coil assembly which is essential for CaM binding. The resulting excess Ca2+ may contribute to structural damage in the podocytes.