bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variation in sleep and metabolic function is associated with latitude and average temperature in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Brown Elizabeth B. , Torres Joshua , Bennick Ryan A. , Rozzo Valerie , Kerbs Arianna , DiAngelo Justin R. , Keene Alex C. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractRegulation of sleep and metabolic homeostasis is critical to an animal's survival and under stringent evolutionary pressure. Animals display remarkable diversity in sleep and metabolic phenotypes; however, an understanding of the ecological forces that select for, and maintain, these phenotypic differences remains poorly understood. The fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, is a powerful model for investigating the genetic regulation of sleep and metabolic function, and screening in inbred fly lines has led to the identification of novel genetic regulators of sleep. Nevertheless, little is known about the contributions of naturally occurring genetic differences to sleep, metabolic phenotypes, and their relationship with geographic or environmental gradients. Here, we quantified sleep and metabolic phenotypes in 24 D. melanogaster populations collected from diverse geographic localities. These studies reveal remarkable variation in sleep, starvation resistance, and energy stores. We found that increased sleep duration is associated with proximity to the equator and elevated average annual temperature, suggesting that environmental gradients strongly influence natural variation in sleep. Further, we found variation in metabolic regulation of sleep to be associated with free glucose levels, while starvation resistance associates with glycogen and triglyceride stores. Taken together, these findings reveal robust naturally occurring variation in sleep and metabolic traits in D. melanogaster, providing a model to investigate how evolutionary and ecological history modulate these complex traits.
Factors associated with underuse of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: an analysis of 11 215 patients from the Swedish Heart Failure Registry
Authors: Savarese Gianluigi , Carrero Juan‐Jesus , Pitt Bertram , Anker Stefan D. , Rosano Giuseppe M.C. , Dahlström Ulf , Lund Lars H. 
Published: March 2018

AimMineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) improve outcomes in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), but are underutilized. Hyperkalaemia may be one reason, but the underlying reasons for underuse are unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the independent predictors of MRA underuse in a large and unselected HFrEF cohort.Methods and resultsWe included patients with HFrEF (ejection fraction <40%), New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II–IV and heart failure (HF) duration ≥6 months from the Swedish HF Registry. Logistic regression analysis identified independent associations between 39 demographic, clinical, co‐treatment, and socioeconomic predictors and MRA non‐use. Of 11 215 patients, 27% were women; mean age was 75 ± 11 years; only 4443 (40%) patients received MRA. Selected characteristics independently associated with MRA non‐use were in descending order of magnitude: lower creatinine clearance (<60 mL/min), no need for diuretics, no cardiac resynchronization therapy/implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator, higher blood pressure, no digoxin use, higher ejection fraction, outpatient setting, older age, lower income, ischaemic heart disease, male sex, follow‐up in primary vs. specialty care, lower NYHA class, and absence of hypertension diagnosis. Plasma potassium and N‐terminal pro B‐type natriuretic peptide levels were not associated with MRA non‐use.ConclusionMineralocorticoid receptor antagonists remain underused in HFrEF. Their use does not decrease with elevated potassium but does with impaired renal function, even in the creatinine clearance 30–59.9 mL/min range where MRAs are not contraindicated. MRA underuse may be further related to non‐specialist care, milder HF and no use of other HF therapy.
Supplementing Grazing Dairy Ewes with Plant‐Derived Oil and Rumen‐Protected EPA+DHA Pellets Enhances Health‐Beneficial n−3 Long‐Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Sheep Milk
Authors: Nguyen Quang V. , Le Van H. , Nguyen Don V. , Malau‐Aduli Bunmi S. , Nichols Peter D. , Malau‐Aduli Aduli E. O. 
Published: March 2018

This study investigates the impact of supplementing dairy ewes in mid lactation with rumen‐protected (RPO) pellets containing eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n−3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n−3) or pellets infused with 50 mL kg−1 DM of either canola (CO), rice bran (RBO), flaxseed (FSO), or safflower (SFO) oils on enhancing the concentration of n−3 long‐chain (≥C20) polyunsaturated fatty acids (n−3 LC‐PUFA) in milk. It is hypothesized that including these oils in the diet of grazing dairy ewes will improve milk fatty acid (FA) composition by increasing levels of n−3 LC‐PUFA. Sixty grazing dairy ewes balanced by sire breed and parity are randomly allocated to one of 6 treatments: 1) Control: commercial pellets without oil inclusion; 2) pellets containing 50 mL kg−1 DM of CO; 3) RBO; 4) FSO; 5) SFO; and 6) RPO at the rate of 1 kg day−1 for each ewe for 8 weeks. Weekly bulked daily milk FA analysis shows RPO has the most efficiency at elevating n−3 LC‐PUFA content by twofold, threefold, and fivefold greater concentrations of EPA, DPA, and DHA, respectively, than the control (0.17 vs 0.08%, 0.23 vs 0.08%, 0.19 vs 0.04%) (P < 0.0001). FSO improves levels of EPA (0.11%) and DPA (0.15%), while CO increases DPA (0.13%) (P < 0.0001). FSO and RPO reached the “source” and good “source” of n−3 LC‐PUFA (ΣEPA + DHA + DPA) contents of 35.1 and 61.7 mg 250 mL−1, respectively. These findings recommend that rumen protected pellets containing EPA + DHA, flaxseed, and potentially canola oil supplements, can be used to improve the content of n−3 LC‐PUFA in dairy ewe milk.Practical Applications: The results promote the potential for production of premium quality and health‐beneficial fresh milk through dietary supplementation of grazing dairy ewes with plant‐derived oil and rumen‐protected EPA + DHA.Interactions between supplemented diets and week of supplementation on the concentrations of LA (a), ALA (b), EPA (c), DHA (d), and DPA (e) in milk.
Three‐dimensional microfluidic chip with twin‐layer herringbone structure for high efficient tumor cell capture and release via antibody‐conjugated magnetic microbeads
Authors: Zhang Lei , Xu Zhigang , Kang Yuejun , Xue Peng 
Published: March 2018

AbstractHarvesting rare circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from human blood is distinctly substantial to monitor tumor stage and evaluate therapeutic efficacy. As a proof‐of‐concept study, a microfluidic chip with twin‐layer herringbone grooves was developed to isolate and recover tumor cells with high efficiency based on the immunoreaction between cells and antibody‐conjugated microbeads (MBs) under local magnetic field. Functional MBs were initially localized onto the internal channel wall through the magnetic guidance. Then, infused tumor cells were deviated into the herringbone groove via passive microvortex and were further trapped through an irreversible interaction with MBs. Upon the removal of magnet, the captured cells and residual MBs were released from the channel and collected for further analysis in cell adhesion and proliferation in vitro. Capture efficiency of tumor cells reached up to ∼90% and limit of detection was down to 50 cells per mL based on this approach. Furthermore, recovery rate of tumor cells was as high as ∼94%, and potencies of cell attachment and proliferation was well maintained in retrieved cells. Hence, the present technique has a great potential for the isolation, quantitation and recovery of CTCs for cancer theranostic guidance and biomolecular analysis.
The effectiveness of contingency management in the treatment of patients with anorexia nervosa: A systematic review
Authors: Ziser Katrin , Resmark Gaby , Giel Katrin Elisabeth , Becker Sandra , Stuber Felicitas , Zipfel Stephan , Junne Florian 
Published: March 2018

AbstractContingency management in stipulating weight gain is routinely used in the treatment of anorexia nervosa, however, empirical investigations concerning its effectiveness have been scarce. This systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA statement. Of N = 973 hits, 42 full‐texts were included in the qualitative synthesis (11 theoretical texts, 19 case reports, 12 descriptive, cohort, and controlled trials). A central topic in the included publications concerns the enhancement of patients' autonomy through participation in the contingency management process. This heightened autonomy is achieved by using contingency contracts. Positive short‐term effects on weight gain were shown, whereas follow‐up results were heterogeneous. Although contingency contracts are widely used in clinical practice, our systematic review shows that empirical evidence on underlying mechanisms and efficacy is still scarce. Using an explicit treatment contract can enhance patients' motivation, compliance, and autonomy. Clinical practice should see further development including innovative motivation enhancing and conflict dissolving techniques in addressing the pronounced ambivalence often shown by patients with anorexia nervosa.
Ethyl ester and silyl ester of imidodiphosphate: An alternative route to access phosphorus‐nitrogen‐phosphorus bonds via Staudinger reaction
Authors: Low Jia En , Levalois‐Grützmacher Joëlle 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWe present herein an alternative synthesis route to obtain tetraethyl imidodiphosphate (EtO)2P(O)NH(O)P(OEt)2 (3) and its silylester derivative tetrakis(trimethylsilyl) imidodiphosphate (Me3SiO)2P(O)NH(O)P(OSiMe3)2 (4) involving a phosphorazidate intermediate (1) and the Staudinger reaction. Compared to previous methods, this synthesis route is simpler, more atom efficient, and energetically inexpensive. Moreover, the final compounds are obtained with larger yield and higher purity.
Combinational drug delivery using nanocarriers for breast cancer treatments: A review
Authors: Olov Nafise , Bagheri‐Khoulenjani Shadab , Mirzadeh Hamid 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBreast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women that requires special attention due to low response to conventional treatments. The common method for treating cancer (especially BC) is applying a single anticancer agent, however, due to some disadvantages including cytotoxicity, side effects, and multidrug resistance, the efficiency and application of this method are limited. To overcome these challenges, the combinational delivery of anticancer drugs (including chemical agents, genetic materials, etc.) has been introduced. To increase the efficacy of this new method, several nanocarriers including inorganic nanoparticles (such as, magnetic nanoparticles, silica nanoparticles, etc.) and organic ones (e.g., dendrimers, liposomes, micelles, and polymeric nanoparticles) have been used. Based on the literature, combinational delivery using nanocarriers showed promising results in the treatment of BC. In this review, combination regimens for the treatment of BC, nanocarriers containing combinations of pharmaceutical agents (including small molecule chemotherapeutic, biological, and gene therapy agents) as an opportunity to overcome chemotherapy challenges and, finally, examples of these formulations have been presented. This review aims to provide a better understanding of these increasingly important new methods of cancer treatment and the main issues and key considerations for a rational design of nanocarriers used in combinational delivery of different synergistic anticancer agents. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 2272‐2283, 2018.
The potential of the stem cells composite hydrogel wound dressings for promoting wound healing and skin regeneration: In vitro and in vivo evaluation
Authors: Hsu Ling‐Chuan , Peng Bou‐Yue , Chen May‐Show , Thalib Bahruddin , Ruslin Muhammad , Tung Tran Dang Xuan , Chou Hsin‐Hua , Ou Keng‐Liang 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIn this study, the wound healing properties of the gelatin‐based hydrogel (GBH) wound dressing combined with adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSCs) were investigated using the mouse and porcine models. The analytical results showed that the ADSCs harvested from the porcine significantly increased cell growth and promoted cell differentiation (adipogenesis and osteogenesis) in comparison to the ADSCs harvested from the mouse in vitro. Moreover, the in vivo results also indicated that the GBH wound dressing combined with ADSCs and its culture medium could potentially accelerate wound healing in the mouse and porcine models. The ADSCs presented a possibility of recovery from wounds and injuries through skin regeneration. Therefore, both in vitro and in vivo results demonstrated that the ADSCs can potentially be an effective clinical treatment through the GBH wound dressing, which is a promising evidence‐based complementary and alternative medicine for skin regeneration. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 107B: 278–285, 2019.
Mr. Trump: How I learned to stop worrying and love the patient‐aggressor
Authors: Coren Sidney 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis paper offers an integration of social issues, psychoanalytic theory, and analytic experience in the treatment of a patient whose political values and identifications differed significantly from my own. Our political leanings facilitated a dynamic tension of difference, power, and aggression that mirrored how each of us felt in relation to the current social‐political milieu. In particular, the sadomasochistic dynamics on display in the treatment offered me a unique way of understanding my relationship with my patient and opened new ways of understanding the political present. In the end, I learned to stop worrying about getting rid of anger, aggression, and splitting, and instead to embrace what these feelings and behaviors can tell me as a therapist, and what they can inform for my patients about the nature of relationality, identity, and difference.
Confirmatory Population Pharmacokinetic Analysis for Sirukumab, a Human Monoclonal Antibody Targeting Interleukin‐6, in Patients With Moderately to Severely Active Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Xu Yan , Hu Chuanpu , Zhuang Yanli , Hsu Benjamin , Xu Zhenhua , Zhou Honghui 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe population pharmacokinetics of sirukumab, a human immunoglobulin G1κ monoclonal antibody against interleukin‐6, were characterized in patients with moderately to severely active rheumatoid arthritis in 4 phase 3 studies (SIRROUND‐D, ‐T, ‐H, and ‐M). A total of 17 034 serum concentrations were analyzed from 1991 rheumatoid arthritis patients who received subcutaneous administration of sirukumab 50 mg every 4 weeks or 100 mg every 2 weeks. A stepwise confirmatory population PK analysis was conducted to accommodate the staged data release and the sparse sampling nature of phase 3 studies and to assess the potential covariate influences in an unbiased and timely manner. The base model, that is, a 1‐compartment linear model with first‐order absorption and first‐order elimination, was prespecified based on prior information from a phase 2 study along with information about phase 3 study design. The covariate model was also prespecified based on pharmacological/physiological relevance and sample size. After the primary covariate analysis, a simplified model was produced by removing covariates with effect sizes <10%. The estimated apparent clearance (CL/F) and volume of distribution were 0.641 L/day and 16.1 L, respectively, at standard body weights of 70 kg. The terminal elimination half‐life was approximately 17.4 days. Sirukumab CL/F and volume of distribution increased with body weight, and CL/F was higher in patients with diabetic comorbidity. Simulations suggest that the effects of diabetic comorbidity and weight on sirukumab exposure were additive. To fully understand the clinical relevance including potential dose adjustment, current covariate findings need to be evaluated concurrently with the efficacy and safety data.
Pollen morphology of subfamily Caryophylloideae (Caryophyllaceae) and its taxonomic significance
Authors: Ullah Fazal , Zafar Muhammad , Ahmad Mushtaq , Dilbar Shazia , Shah Syed Nasar , Sohail Aamir , Zaman Wajid , Iqbal Majid , Bahadur Siraj , Tariq Akash 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe Pollen morphology of subfamily Caryophylloideae (Caryophyllaceae) from different phytogeographical region of Pakistan has been evaluated. In this research, 16 species belong to 6 genera of subfamily Caryophylloideae have been studied using light (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for both qualitative and quantitative characters. Different palyno‐morphological features were observed including; pollen ornamentation, pore ornamentation, echini arrangement, echinidensity, number of pori, size of polar and equatorial diameter, P/E ratio, exine thickness, and size of pore were studied. The palyno‐morphological characters of subfamily Caryophylloideae have taxonomically significant in identification and delimitation of species. Two pollen types, i.e., subspheroidal (15 species) and prolate (one species Vaccaria hispanica) were observed. Microechinate‐punctate and microechinate‐perforate pollen ornamentation were examined. Two pollen types of pori, i.e., prominent (5 species) and sunken (11 species) ornamentation have been reported. Three types of echini arrangement have been reported irregular, regular and rather regular, while three type of echinidensity (i.e., medium, dense and sparse) were observed. Pori numbers were found different in different species range from 5 in Silene apetala to 19‐35 in Silene vulgaris. Based on different palyno‐morphological characters, taxonomic key was develop for quick and accurate identification. The quantitative data were processed using SPSS software for average, minimum, maximum, and standard error.
Superficial radiotherapy as a treatment alternative for recurrent conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma: a case study
Authors: Edgar Amanda , Crutchfield Gretel , Anderson Nigel 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis case study discusses the use of superficial radiotherapy (SXRT) in the treatment of recurrent conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Conjunctival SCC is often an aggressive cancer, with surgery the current standard of care. There is currently limited literature on alternative treatment options to treat conjunctival SCC recurrences that enable ocular function preservation. Furthermore, the use of SXRT in this setting is not well‐reported. Technical feasibility, practical limitations and potential side effects of SXRT (in comparison to other treatment options) are discussed in this case study. This case describes a 62 years old male with limited treatment options following multiple recurrences of conjunctival SCC. He was prescribed a therapeutic SXRT dose of 48.4 Gy in 22 fractions (5 fractions/week). At 6‐month follow‐up, there was no evidence of residual or recurrent disease, or any significant objective or patient reported treatment induced side effects. This case study provides preliminary evidence for the potential application of SXRT for conjunctival SCC. The benefits reported in this case study warrant further investigation of the applicability of SXRT in a larger patient cohort, with the potential to provide patients with a less invasive treatment alternative for recurrent conjunctival SCC.
Evaluation of multiple alternative instrument platforms for targeted and non‐targeted dioxin and furan analysis
Authors: Stultz Conner , Jobst Karl J. , Haimovici Liad , Jones Rhys , Besevic Sladjana , Byer Jonathan , Organtini Kari L. , Kolic Terry , Reiner Eric J. , Dorman Frank L. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe use of gas chromatography coupled to high‐resolution magnetic sector mass spectrometers (GC‐HRMS) is well established for dioxin and furan analysis. However, the use of gas chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole (MS/MS) and time of flight (TOF) mass spectrometers with atmospheric pressure ionization (API) and traditional electron ionization (EI) for dioxin and furan analysis is emerging as a viable alternative to GC‐HRMS screening. These instruments offer greater versatility in the lab for a wider range of compound identification and quantification as well as improved ease of operation. The instruments utilized in this study included 2 API‐MS/MS, 1 traditional EI‐MS/MS, an API‐quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometer (API‐QTOF), and a EI‐high‐resolution TOF (EI‐HRTOF). This study compared these 5 instruments to a GC‐HRMS using method detection limit (MDLs) samples for dioxin and furan analysis. Each instrument demonstrated acceptable MDL values for the 17 chlorinated dioxin and furans studied. The API‐MS/MS instruments provide the greatest overall improvement in MDL value over the GC‐HRMS with a 1.5 to 2‐fold improvement. The API‐QTOF and EI‐TOF demonstrate slight increases in MDL value as compared with the GC‐HRMS with a 1.5‐fold increase. The 5 instruments studied all demonstrate acceptable MDL values with no MDL for a single congener greater than 5 times that for the GC‐HRMS. All 5 instruments offer a viable alternative to GC‐HRMS for the analysis of dioxins and furans and should be considered when developing new validated methodologies.
Brugada syndrome and sinus node dysfunction
Authors: Hayashi Hidemori , Sumiyoshi Masataka , Nakazato Yuji , Daida Hiroyuki 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBrugada syndrome (BrS) is a well‐known catastrophic disease first reported in 1992 by the Brugada brothers. Ventricular fibrillation (VF) is an essential arrhythmia in BrS. An association between BrS and atrial tachyarrhythmias is not uncommon. However, sinus node dysfunction (SND) associated with BrS has not been well discussed. In this review, we focus on the association between BrS and SND. Based on previous reports describing clinical, epidemiological, and genetic evidence, SND is not a rare concomitant disorder in BrS. BrS may be a multiple conduction or arrhythmogenic disorder including not only the His‐Purkinje system and right ventricle, but also the sinus node and atrium, derived from ion channel mutations.