bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sonoporation of Cells by a Parallel Stable Cavitation Microbubble Array
Authors: Meng Long , Liu Xiufang , Wang Yuchen , Zhang Wenjun , Zhou Wei , Cai Feiyan , Li Fei , Wu Junru , Xu Lisheng , Niu Lili , Zheng Hairong 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSonoporation is a targeted drug delivery technique that employs cavitation microbubbles to generate transient pores in the cell membrane, allowing foreign substances to enter cells by passing through the pores. Due to the broad size distribution of microbubbles, cavitation events appear to be a random process, making it difficult to achieve controllable and efficient sonoporation. In this work a technique is reported using a microfluidic device that enables in parallel modulation of membrane permeability by an oscillating microbubble array. Multirectangular channels of uniform size are created at the sidewall to generate an array of monodispersed microbubbles, which oscillate with almost the same amplitude and resonant frequency, ensuring homogeneous sonoporation with high efficacy. Stable harmonic and high harmonic signals emitted by individual oscillating microbubbles are detected by a laser Doppler vibrometer, which indicates stable cavitation occurred. Under the influence of the acoustic radiation forces induced by the oscillating microbubble, single cells can be trapped at an oscillating microbubble surface. The sonoporation of single cells is directly influenced by the individual oscillating microbubble. The parallel sonoporation of multiple cells is achieved with an efficiency of 96.6 ± 1.74% at an acoustic pressure as low as 41.7 kPa.
The perfluoropolymer upper bound
Authors: Wu Albert X. , Drayton James A. , Smith Zachary P. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPerfluoropolymers have fundamentally distinct thermodynamic partitioning properties compared to those of their hydrocarbon counterparts. However, current upper bound theory assumes hydrocarbon solubility behavior for all polymers. Herein, the fundamental presupposition of invariance in solubility behavior to upper bound performance is critically assessed for perfluoropolymers and hydrocarbon polymers. By modifying solubility relationships, theoretical perfluoropolymer upper bounds are established, showing a positive shift of the upper bound front as a result of beneficial solubility selectivities for certain gas pairs, including N2/CH4, He/H2, He/N2, He/CH4, and He/CO2. Within the framework of the solution–diffusion model, an analysis is presented to compare two independent approaches often pursued in efforts to surpass the polymer upper bound: (a) achieving solubility selectivity via perfluoropolymers and (b) improving diffusion selectivity via rigid hydrocarbon polymers. This analysis demonstrates the significant benefit that can be achieved by considering both the chemical composition and morphology of solid‐state macromolecules when designing membrane materials.
Eisenkatalysierte C‐H‐Aktivierung mit Propargylacetaten: Mechanistische Einblicke in Eisen(II) durch Experiment, Kinetik, Mössbauer‐Spektroskopie und Berechnung
Authors: Mo Jiayu , Müller Thomas , Oliveira João C. A. , Demeshko Serhiy , Meyer Franc , Ackermann Lutz 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDie Eisen‐katalysierte C‐H/N‐H‐Alkinanellierung wurde durch ein flexibles Klick‐Triazolamid unter überaus milden Reaktionsbedingungen realisiert. Ein umfassender Ansatz unter Zuhilfenahme von experimentellen, spektroskopischen und computerchemischen Methoden skizziert einen leichtgängigen C‐H‐Aktivierungsmechanismus durch eine Ligand‐zu‐Ligand‐Wasserstoffübertragung (LLHT, ligand‐to‐ligand hydrogen transfer). Eine Kombination aus Mössbauer‐Spektroskopie und DFT‐Berechnungen deutet auf High‐spin‐Eisen(II)‐Spezies als Schlüsselintermediate während der C‐H‐Aktivierung hin.
Resolving Optical and Catalytic Activities in Thermoresponsive Nanoparticles by Permanent Ligation with Temperature‐Sensitive Polymers
Authors: Chen Yihuang , Wang Zewei , Harn Yeu Wei , Pan Shuang , Li Zili , Lin Shaoliang , Peng Juan , Zhang Guangzhao , Lin Zhiqun 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThermoresponsive nanoparticles (NPs) represent an important hybrid material comprising functional NPs with temperature‐sensitive polymer ligands. Strikingly, significant discrepancies in optical and catalytic properties of thermoresponsive noble‐metal NPs have been reported, and have yet to be unraveled. Reported herein is the crafting of Au NPs, intimately and permanently ligated by thermoresponsive poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM), in situ using a starlike block copolymer nanoreactor as model system to resolve the paradox noted above. As temperature rises, plasmonic absorption of PNIPAM‐capped Au NPs red‐shifts with increased intensity in the absence of free linear PNIPAM, whereas a greater red‐shift with decreased intensity occurs in the presence of deliberately introduced linear PNIPAM. Remarkably, the absence or addition of free linear PNIPAM also accounts for non‐monotonic or switchable on/off catalytic performance, respectively, of PNIPAM‐capped Au NPs.
Ersatzneubau Hochwassersperrtor Ladenburg
Authors: Walter Bernd , Englert Rüdiger , Piewak Sebastian 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDas 1931 in Betrieb gegangene Hochwassersperrtor Ladenburg wird durch einen Neubau ersetzt. Es wird ab einem Hochwasser mit einem Wiederkehrintervall von zwei Jahren geschlossen und schützt damit die sich entlang des Seitenkanals befindlichen Industrie‐ und Wohngebiete vor Überflutung.Bei der Planung und Umsetzung der Maßnahme sind insbesondere die Sicherstellung der ganzjährigen Einsatzbereitschaft der bestehenden Anlage und auch die Minimierung der Einschränkungen der Schifffahrt während der Bauzeit zu berücksichtigen. Der Bauablauf sieht vor, die Gesamtmaßnahme mit wenigen Wochenend‐ und Nachtsperrpausen zu realisieren.Der Ersatzneubau erfolgt im Unterwasser des alten Sperrtors. Damit befindet sich die Baumaßnahme in dessen Schutze und das Baufeld ist dadurch während der Bauzeit weitestgehend hochwassersicher. Es wird als Drucksegmenttor mit zweiseitigem hydraulischem Antrieb erstellt.Bei der Umsetzung der Maßnahme ist dem Standardisierungsgedanken Rechnung zu tragen.
NF1 mutations identify molecular and clinical subtypes of lung adenocarcinomas
Authors: Tlemsani Camille , Pécuchet Nicolas , Gruber Aurelia , Laurendeau Ingrid , Danel Claire , Riquet Marc , Le Pimpec‐Barthes Françoise , Fabre Elizabeth , Mansuet‐Lupo Audrey , Damotte Diane , Alifano Marco , Luscan Armelle , Rousseau Benoit , Vidaud Dominique , Varin Jennifer , Parfait Beatrice , Bieche Ivan , Leroy Karen , Laurent‐Puig Pierre , Terris Benoit , Blons Helene , Vidaud Michel , Pasmant Eric 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe tumor suppressor gene neurofibromin 1 (NF1) is a major regulator of the RAS‐MAPK pathway. NF1 mutations occur in lung cancer but were not extensively explored. We hypothesized that NF1‐mutated tumors could define a specific population with a distinct clinical and molecular profile. We performed NF1 sequencing using next generation sequencing (NGS) in 154 lung adenocarcinoma surgical specimens with known KRAS, EGFR, TP53, BRAF, HER2, and PIK3CA status, to evaluate the molecular and clinical specificities of NF1‐mutated lung cancers. Clinical data were retrospectively collected, and their associations with molecular profiles assessed. In this series, 24 tumors were NF1 mutated (17.5%) and 11 were NF1 deleted (8%). There was no mutation hotspot. NF1 mutations were rarely associated with other RAS‐MAPK pathway mutations. Most of patients with NF1 alterations were males (74.3%) and smokers (74.3%). Overall survival and disease‐free survival were statistically better in patients with NF1 alterations (N = 34) than in patients with KRAS mutations (N = 30) in univariate analysis. Our results confirm that NF1 is frequently mutated and represents a distinct molecular and clinical subtype of lung adenocarcinoma.
Observing an Antisense Drug Complex in Intact Human Cells by in‐Cell NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Schlagnitweit Judith , Friebe Sandoz Sarah , Jaworski Aleksander , Guzzetti Ileana , Aussenac Fabien , Carbajo Rodrigo J. , Chiarparin Elisabetta , Pell Andrew J. , Petzold Katja 
Published: June 2019

AbstractGaining insight into the uptake, trafficking and target engagement of drugs in cells can enhance understanding of a drug's function and efficiency. However, there are currently no reliable methods for studying untagged biomolecules in macromolecular complexes in intact human cells. Here we have studied an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) drug in HEK 293T and HeLa cells by NMR spectroscopy. Using a combination of transfection, cryoprotection and dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP), we were able to detect the drug directly in intact frozen cells. Activity of the drug was confirmed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). By applying DNP NMR to frozen cells, we overcame limitations both of solution‐state in‐cell NMR spectroscopy (e.g., size, stability and sensitivity) and of visualization techniques, in which (e.g., fluorescent) tagging of the ASO decreases its activity. The capability to detect an untagged, active drug, interacting in its natural environment, represents a first step towards studying molecular mechanisms in intact cells.
Analysis of Site‐Specific Phosphorylation of PTEN by Using Enzyme‐Catalyzed Expressed Protein Ligation
Authors: Henager Samuel H. , Henriquez Stephanie , Dempsey Daniel R. , Cole Philip A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe activity and localization of PTEN, a tumor suppressor lipid phosphatase that converts the phospholipid PIP3 to PIP2, is governed in part by phosphorylation on a cluster of four Ser and Thr residues near the C terminus. Prior enzymatic characterization of the four monophosphorylated (1p) PTENs by using classical expressed protein ligation (EPL) was complicated by the inclusion of a non‐native Cys at the ligation junction (aa379), which may alter the properties of the semisynthetic protein. Here, we apply subtiligase‐mediated EPL to create wt 1p‐PTENs. These PTENs are more autoinhibited than previously appreciated, consistent with the role of Tyr379 in driving autoinhibition. Alkaline phosphatase sensitivity analysis revealed that these autoinhibited 1p conformations are kinetically labile. In contrast to the Cys mutant 1p‐PTENs, which are poorly recognized by an anti‐phospho‐PTEN antibody, three of the four wt 1p‐PTENs are recognized by a commonly used anti‐phospho‐PTEN antibody.
γ‐(S)‐Guanidinylmethyl‐Modified Triplex‐Forming Peptide Nucleic Acids Increase Hoogsteen‐Face Affinity for a MicroRNA and Enhance Cellular Uptake
Authors: Tähtinen Ville , Verhassel Alejandra , Tuomela Johanna , Virta Pasi 
Published: June 2019

Abstractγ‐Modified (i.e., (S)‐aminomethyl, (S)‐acetamidomethyl, (R)‐4‐(hydroxymethyl)triazol‐1‐ylmethyl, and (S)‐guanidinylmethyl) triplex‐forming peptide nucleic acids (TFPNAs) were synthesized and the effect of the backbone modifications on the binding to a miR‐215 model was studied. Among the modifications, an appropriate pattern of three γ‐(S)‐guanidinylmethyl modifications increased the affinity and Hoogsteen‐face selectivity for the miR‐215 model without ternary (PNA)2/RNA complex formation. Moreover, the γ‐(S)‐guanidinylmethyl groups were observed to facilitate internalization of the TFPNAs into living PC‐3 prostate cancer cells.
Periorbital swelling and episcleritis may be a sign of cutaneous lupus erythematosus
Authors: Zuber Taylor J. , Pearlstein Michelle V. , Hwang Christopher J. , Eftekhari Kian , Lugo‐Somolinos Aida , Googe Paul B. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIt is important that physicians recognize persistent periorbital edema and conjunctival injection as possible disease manifestations of CLE, especially prior to cutaneous involvement. This may lead to more rapid diagnosis and treatment.
Characterization of Magnesium Orotate‐Loaded Chitosan Polymer Nanoparticles for a Drug Delivery System
Authors: Hassani Abdelkader , Hussain Siti Aslina , Abdullah Norhafizah , Kamaruddin Suryani , Rosli Rozita 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe drug release properties of magnesium orotate (MgOr) encapsulated in the chitosan (CS) cavity and the complexation behavior between MgOr and CS were investigated. The MgOr‐loaded CS nanoparticles (MgOrCSNPs) were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy with energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. MgOr was successfully encapsulated into the CS cavity. Results with 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)2,5‐diphenyl tetrazolium bromide indicated that MgOrCSNPs retained their cytotoxic activity against the liver cancer cell line (HepG2) and breast cancer cell line (MCF‐7), and low toxicity against the human cell line (3T3) and human retinal epithelial cell line (ARPE‐19).
Porous alumina ceramics by gel casting: Effect of type of sacrificial template on the properties
Authors: Hooshmand Saleh , Nordin Jan , Akhtar Farid 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe effect of type of sacrificial template on the processing and properties of porous alumina ceramics was investigated. Two templates, (a) hollow pre‐expanded polymer spheres (Expancel) and (b) dense glassy carbon, were used to prepare porous alumina ceramics by gel casting. The results showed that the burnout of sacrificial expandable polymer microspheres from alumina ceramics was 10 times faster than glassy carbon without compromising the compressive strength. Moreover, the effect of the size of the porous ceramic component during the burnout showed that the template decomposition and the escape of the formed gases took a longer time for the thicker specimens than the thinner one and it was significant in case of glassy carbon. It was found that the burnout of expandable microspheres could happen at a faster rate, and the time of the burnout cycle could be reduced significantly to save energy while keeping the mechanical strength twice as high than porous alumina ceramics after burnout of glassy carbon. Furthermore, the CO2 emissions during the burnout of sacrificial templates and the microstructure of the prepared porous alumina were compared for these two types of sacrificial templates. The prepared foams with pre‐expanded microspheres showed potential for being used in industrial applications, where the decreasing of the released gases is critical for saving time and energy for the fabrication of large ceramic parts.
Functional Construction of Dual‐Emitting 4‐Aminonaphthalimide Encapsulated Lanthanide MOFs Composite for Ratiometric Temperature Sensing
Authors: Liu Wei , Chen Chunyang , Huang Xin , Xie Erqing , Liu Weisheng 
Published: June 2019

AbstractConsidering size effect and functionalized pore interaction dyes guests and MOFs hosts, 4‐aminonaphthalimide was successfully introduced into the pore of LnMOF for the first time and constructed 4‐ANA⊂LnMOF luminescent composites with excellent dual‐emission properties. A series of temperature‐dependent luminescence test results show that 4‐ANA⊂Gd4L3 can be used as a reversible ratiometric luminescent temperature sensor. The functional construction method provides ideas for the development of clear purpose novel dual‐emission dye⊂LnMOF ratiometric luminescent sensors.
Divergent and Chemoselective Transformations of Thioamides with Designed Carbene Equivalents
Authors: Saito Masato , Kobayashi Yusuke , Takemoto Yoshiji 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe reactions of thioamides with ortho‐nitro‐substituted iodonium ylides proceeded under mild conditions to give enaminones or thiazoles, depending on the iodonium ylide used. This protocol allowed the use of protic solvents, including aqueous solutions, and therefore coupling reactions with complex molecules such as peptides or steroids were possible. A mild and efficient method for the synthesis of various iodonium ylides was established. DFT calculations suggested that the halogen bonding between a thioamide and iodonium ylide was important in this chemoselective coupling reaction. The potential use of enaminones conjugated with pharmaceuticals as prodrugs was also demonstrated.
Design and synthesis of new alkyl‐based chiral phosphoric acid catalysts
Authors: Tang Xiaoxue , He Hualing , Fang Xiantao , Chang Zexu , Antilla Jon C. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractUsing chiral BINOL‐derived phosphoric acids (PA's) to activate substrates for enhanced reactivity is now regarded as a powerful strategy to control enantioselectivity in asymmetric synthesis. Generally, most substituents at the 3,3′‐positions of BINOL PA's are aryl derivatives. These derivatives are pivotal in attaining high selectivity. PA's with alkyl substituents in these positions have rarely been reported. Herein, we introduced alkyl‐based substituents at the 3,3′‐position of PA's. These new potential catalysts, if applied in reactions, may allow altered noncovalent interactions (as opposed to the typical aryl substituents in these positions) with substrates used in chiral PA‐catalyzed chemistry in the future.
Sternpolymere als funktionale Bausteine für neuartige Nanofiltrationsmembranen
Authors: Schnecke Vanessa , Ulbricht Mathias 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDas Interesse an Dünnschicht‐Membranen mit speziell auf den jeweiligen Trennprozess zugeschnittenen Eigenschaften steigt. Um solche Membranen mit hoher Permselektivität und Fouling‐Beständigkeit zu erhalten, werden etablierte Membransysteme mit neuen Bausteinen kombiniert. Eine Klasse vielversprechender Bausteine sind Sternpolymere. In dieser Arbeit wurden Sternpolymere mit Anionenaustauscher‐Gruppen variierbarer Molmassen und geringer Polydispersität mittels Atomtransfer‐Radikal‐Polymerisation synthetisiert. Als Anionenaustauscher fungierten tertiäre Amino‐ sowie quaternäre Ammonium‐Gruppen. Die erhaltenen Sternpolymere wurden mittels Grenzphasenpolymerisation in Polyamid‐Dünnschicht‐Komposit‐Membranen integriert.
Herstellung von Ultrafiltrations‐Membranen aus Lösungen von Cellulose in ionischen Flüssigkeiten
Authors: Tran Duc Hoa , Ulbricht Mathias 
Published: June 2019

AbstractNeuartige Ultrafiltrations‐Membranen werden durch direkte Verarbeitung von Cellulose in ionischen Flüssigkeiten mittels Phaseninversion auf Filterpapier hergestellt. Einstellbare Membranleistungen können durch Variation der Gießlösungszusammensetzung erzielt werden. Durch Zugabe von Dimethylsulfoxid wird die Lösemittelgüte der ionischen Flüssigkeit verändert, was die Membranstrukturbildung beeinflusst, aber kaum Einfluss auf die Membranleistung hat. Jedoch kann sie die Membranverarbeitung durch Verringerung der Lösungsviskosität begünstigen und die benötigte Menge an ionischer Flüssigkeit senken.
Modeling Magneto‐Photoabsorption Using Time‐Dependent Complex Generalized Hartree‐Fock
Authors: Stetina Torin F. , Sun Shichao , Williams‐Young David B. , Li Xiaosong 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMagneto‐optical spectroscopy provides a glimpse into the hidden electronic structure of molecules and materials that normally cannot be resolved with regular optical absorption spectroscopy. The magneto‐optical signal is difficult to simulate computationally due to the necessity of modeling perturbations from both uniform magnetic and oscillating electric fields. In this work, we introduce a time‐dependent complex generalized Hartree‐Fock framework for calculating electronic magneto‐optical spectra of atomic and molecular systems. Complex‐valued gauge including atomic orbitals are used in a non‐perturbative treatment of the uniform magnetic field. The magneto‐photoabsorption spectra of atomic alkalis and aromatic systems are investigated with a focus on understanding how spectroscopic signals change in the presence of a uniform magnetic field.
Respiratory sinus arrhythmia and prosociality in childhood: Evidence for a quadratic effect
Authors: Acland Erinn L. , Colasante Tyler , Malti Tina 
Published: June 2019

AbstractResearch investigating the link between the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) and prosociality in childhood has yielded inconsistent findings. This relation has mainly been conceptualized as linear, however, the broader physiological literature suggests that children’s physiological arousal and task performance may be related in an inverted U‐shaped fashion—with peak performance at moderate levels of arousal. Therefore, we tested whether resting respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA)—a dispositional indicator of PNS activity—was quadratically related to child‐ and caregiver‐reported sympathy and prosocial behaviors in an ethnically diverse sample of 4‐ and 8‐year‐olds (N = 300). We found a quadratic inverted U‐shaped association between resting RSA and child‐reported sympathy and prosocial behavior in 8‐year‐olds, whereas no consistent findings emerged for 4‐year‐olds. Therefore, moderate resting RSA in middle childhood may facilitate sympathy and prosocial behaviors. Dispositional over‐ or under‐arousal of the PNS may impair children’s ability to attend and respond to the distress of others by middle childhood.
Invasion origin, rapid population expansion, and the lack of genetic structure of cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) in the Americas
Authors: Gonçalves Rogério Martins , Mastrangelo Thiago , Rodrigues José Carlos Verle , Paulo Daniel Fernando , Omoto Celso , Corrêa Alberto Soares , de Azeredo‐Espin Ana Maria Lima 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn 2013, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) was officially declared as present in Brazil and, after two years, the species was detected in the Caribbean and North America. Information on genetic features and accurate distribution of pests is the basis for agricultural protection policies. Furthermore, such knowledge is imperative to develop control strategies, understand the geographical range, and genetic patterns of this species in the Americas. Here, we carried out the widest sampling of H. armigera in the South American continent and Puerto Rico, after we estimated the diversity, demographic parameters, and genetic structure. The Internal Transcribed Spacer 1 (ITS1) nuclear marker was used to investigate the presence of putative hybrids between H. armigera and H. zea, and they were observed at a frequency of 1.5%. An ABC analysis, based in COI gene fragment, suggested Europe as the origin of South America specimens of H. armigeraand following a movement northward through the Caribbean. Three mtDNA genes and three nDNA markers revealed high genetic diversity distributed without the defined population structure of H. armigera in South America. Most of the genetic variation is within populations with a multidirectional expansion of H. armigera among morphoclimatic regions. High genetic diversity, rapid population expansion, and hybridization have implications for pest management since they suggest that adaptive alleles are spread through wide areas in South America that favor rapid local adaptation of H. armigera to new and disturbed environments (e.g., in agricultural areas).