bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Did incentives help municipalities recover from the Great Recession? Evidence from Midwestern cities
Authors: Drucker Joshua , Kim Geon , Weber Rachel 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis study assesses the impacts of local business incentives in the largest urban areas of Illinois, Michigan, and Wisconsin, three Midwestern states that share similar histories and settings. We assembled a unique dataset combining information on two types of incentives, tax increment financing districts and tax abatements, together with socio‐economic, geographic, fiscal, and spatial competitive characteristics for all of the municipalities in six metropolitan areas. The outcome measures include employment growth, establishment formation, and business relocation. The analysis extends knowledge of the effects of economic development incentives in two ways. First, we improve upon previous research by incorporating key factors in municipal decisions to offer incentives. Second, we add to limited empirical evidence concerning local incentives following the Great Recession. Variation in the use of incentives reflects not only local decision‐making but also differing fiscal capacities and situations of adaptation to adverse economic conditions, with some governments pulling back on incentives and others initiating new approaches to retain or lure businesses.
Interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary research and practice: Balancing expectations of the ‘old’ academy with the future model of universities as ‘problem solvers’
Authors: Fam Dena , Clarke Elizabeth , Freeth Rebecca , Derwort Pim , Klaniecki Kathleen , Kater‐Wettstädt Lydia , Juarez‐Bourke Sadhbh , Hilser Stefan , Peukert Daniela , Meyer Esther , Horcea‐Milcu Andra‐Ioana 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAcademics are increasingly required to balance the expectations of the ‘old’ academy with a future model of universities as interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary ‘problem solvers’. This paper highlights changing expectations of academics in producing alternative research outcomes in collaborative, practice‐based research. Through a series of workshops with 20 researchers, preferred research outcomes and tensions in achieving these outcomes were identified. The tensions identified are presented as three dichotomies comprising the tension between: (a) ‘I versus We’ ‐ individual versus team expectations & outcomes. (b) Disciplinary outcomes versus inter‐/transdisciplinary outcomes. (c) Learning versus research objectives for the students and academics involved. These tensions reflect the authors' experiences of working in three international sustainability projects, drawing on lessons learned from these projects, with recommendations for universities seeking to implement interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary doctoral and postdoctoral programmes. Recommendations include the need for formal and informal leadership models, strong communication skills, empathy and willingness to learn from each other. A need for more systemic changes within university administration to better reward and value the breadth and depth of collaborative work, while facilitating open learning cultures and practice‐oriented learning opportunities and curricula across faculties was also identified.
Dextran modulates physical properties of rennet‐induced milk gels
Authors: Mende Susann , Jaros Doris , Rohm Harald 
Published: July 2019

SummaryPhysical properties of rennet‐induced milk gels as core intermediates of cheese production are mainly affected by milk composition, type and amount of coagulation enzyme and starter culture activity. We investigated model systems of reconstituted milk and dextran, which triggers effects on milk gels similar to exopolysaccharides from lactic acid bacteria. Furthermore, clotting activity (0.02 or 0.04 IMCU mL−1) and milk pH adjusted prior to renneting (6.5–5.7) were studied. A lower pH at renneting resulted in an earlier gelation onset, a higher gelation velocity and gel stiffness. The addition of dextran stabilised the gels especially at higher pH, and microstructural analysis revealed larger, more interconnected protein aggregates. However, at pH 5.7, a reverse effect was observed, indicating a destabilisation of the casein network. The current study indicates that altering milk pH and addition of polysaccharides gives the potential to change textural properties of cheese by affecting rennet‐induced gelation.
Long‐term safety and efficacy of trifarotene 50 μg/g cream, a first‐in‐class RAR‐γ selective topical retinoid, in patients with moderate facial and truncal acne
Authors: Blume‐Peytavi U. , Fowler J. , Kemény L. , Draelos Z. , Cook‐Bolden F. , Dirschka T. , Eichenfield L. , Graeber M. , Ahmad F. , Alió Saenz A. , Rich P. , Tanghetti E. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundTreatment for both facial and truncal acne has not sufficiently been studied.ObjectivesTo evaluate the long‐term safety and efficacy of trifarotene in both facial and truncal acne.MethodsIn a multicentre, open‐label, 52‐week study, patients with moderate facial and truncal acne received trifarotene 50 μg/g cream (trifarotene). Assessments included local tolerability, safety, investigator and physician's global assessments (IGA, PGA) and quality of life (QOL). A validated QOL questionnaire was completed by the patient at Baseline, Week 12, 26 and 52/ET.ResultsOf 453 patients enrolled, 342 (75.5%) completed the study. Trifarotene‐related treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were reported in 12.6% of patients, and none was serious. Most related TEAEs were cutaneous and occurred during the first 3 months. Signs and symptoms of local tolerability were mostly mild or moderate and severe signs, and symptoms were reported for 2.2% to 7.1% of patients for the face and 2.5% to 5.4% for the trunk. Local irritation increased during the first week of treatment on the face and up to Weeks 2 to 4 on the trunk with both decreasing thereafter.At Week 12, IGA and PGA success rates were 26.6% and 38.6%, respectively. Success rates increased to 65.1% and 66.9%, respectively at Week 52. Overall success (both IGA and PGA success in the same patient) was 57.9% at Week 52.At Week 52 visit, 92/171 (53.8%) patients who had completed their assessments had scores from 0 to 1 (i.e. no effect of acne on their QOL) vs. 47/208 (22.6%) patients at Baseline visit.ConclusionIn this 52‐week study, trifarotene was safe, well tolerated and effective in moderate facial and truncal acne.
Can multidisciplinary team meetings reduce burnout?
Authors: Gorbenko Ksenia , Mendelev Eliezer , Keefer Laurie 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBurnout is an epidemic affecting between a third and two‐thirds of health care providers in the US. The prevalence and impact of burnout in the health care workforce is increasing, and most interventions thus far have shown limited efficacy. In an ongoing mixed‐methods study of establishing a specialty medical home, providers reported gaining interprofessional learning and collegiate support through a patient‐centered weekly team meeting that they believed was protective of burnout. Further research is needed into whether medical home models can improve not only patient, but also provider wellbeing.
Kinetics and mathematical modeling of thin layer drying of osmo‐treated Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis) gel slices
Authors: Moradi Mehdi , Niakousari Mehrdad , Mousavi Khaneghah Amin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn the present work, the drying kinetics of osmo‐pretreated Aloe vera gel slices (AVGS) was investigated. AVGS with an initial moisture content of 98.29% (wet basis) were subjected to 5 hr of osmosis process (10% NaCl solution, at 40°C, NaCl solution to A. vera ratio = 5:1), prior to atmospheric thin layer drying at air temperatures of 55, 70, and 85°C and air volumetric air flow rates of 0.015, 0.036, and 0.054 m3/s for the duration of 160 min. Results showed the mean values of the moisture ratio in air temperatures of 55, 70, and 85°C were categorized into three levels (p < .01) of 0.551, 0.429, and 0.336, respectively, while the corresponding values for the osmo‐convective method were 0.561, 0.418, and 0.321, respectively. Similarly, the mean values of the moisture ratio in air flow rates of 0.015, 0.036, and 0.054 m3/s for the convective and osmo‐convective method assigned to different levels (p < .01) of 0.511, 0.417, 0.385 and 0.510, 0.416, 0.372, respectively. Superposition technique was utilized to propose a new model for each drying method. The predicted moisture ratios evaluated by the superposition technique were in a good agreement with experimental values of moisture ratio.Practical ApplicationsIn the current investigation, a superposition technique was utilized to propose a new model for two drying methods (osmo‐convective and convective). Subsequently, an equation describing the drying process for each method was derived. This technique while being a simple model, delivers high accuracy data for all influencing parameters in the drying process.
The role of miR156 in rejuvenation in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Ye Bin‐Bin , Zhang Ke , Wang Jia‐Wei 
Published: July 2019

SummaryRejuvenation refers to the process enabling plants to regain physiological and molecular characteristics lost after entering the adult phase. The underlying molecular mechanism is poorly understood. Previous studies have revealed that microRNA156 (miR156) is highly accumulated at juvenile stage and maintains juvenile traits by repressing a group of SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN‐LIKE (SPL) transcription factors. Here, we found that induction of miR156 expression in adult leaves can only restore some aspects of juvenile traits, such as loss of epidermal leaf hairs on the lower side of leaves and absence of serration at the leaf edges, but is incapable of delaying flowering and promoting adventitious root production.
Application of ‘no‐touch’ hysteroscopy (vaginoscopy) for the treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding in adolescence
Authors: Jin Lin , Yi Shuijing , Wang Xiaoxia , Xu Yimin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimThis article retrospectively analyzed the efficacy and safety of vaginoscopy in the treatment of adolescent abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) in 204 cases of AUB.MethodFrom January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2017, 204 patients with intact hymen who were admitted to our hospital due to AUB received vaginoscopy, and vaginoscopy did not damage the hymen. In this study, 4.5 mm and 6.5 mm hysteroscopy were used with a pumping fluid pressure of 100–120 mm Hg and a flow rate of 400 mL/min. All 204 vaginoscopy was successfully completed in intravenous anesthesia.ResultsPostoperative pathological examination confirmed that of the 204 patients, 53 patients had simple hyperplasia. There were 53 cases of polyps, 50 cases of endometrial gland hyperplasia and disordered arrangement, 35 cases of proliferative phase endometrium, five cases of bleeding phase endometrium, partial glandular secretion, three cases of complex hyperplasia and one case of decidua like change. Follow‐up data from 64 patients showed that 34 patients were effective after treatment. Stepwise logistic regression analysis suggested that endometrial thickness was associated with treatment outcome (HR, 0.875, 95% CI, 0.786–0.974, P = 0.014). There was no significant difference in drug use between patients with effective and ineffective treatment.Conclusion‘No‐touch’ vaginoscopy is feasible for the diagnosis and treatment of adolescent AUB without destroying the intact hymen.
Effect of fire regimes on the demographic parameters of the perennial tussock grasses of a humid savanna
Authors: Koffi Kouamé Fulgence , N'Dri Aya Brigitte , Lata Jean‐Christophe , Konaté Souleymane , Srikanthasamy Tharaniya , Konaré Sarah , Konan Marcel , Barot Sébastien 
Published: July 2019

AbstractQuestionsPerennial tussock grasses represent the principal fuel source for savanna fires; however, basic information about the impact of fire on their demography remains scarce. Do dominant perennial grass species differ in their demographic parameters? What is the overall impact of tussock circumference and fire regimes on grass demographic parameters? Do grass species differ in the sensitivity of their demographic parameters to fire regimes and tussock circumference?LocationThe study site is located in the savanna of the Lamto reserve, in the center of Ivory Coast (6°9′ to 6°18′ N, 5°15′ to 4°57′ E).MethodsData on the nine dominant species of tussock grasses were sampled over one year under four fire treatments (early fire, mid‐season fire, late fire and no fire). We studied the impact of these fire treatments and tussock circumference on five demographic parameters: mortality, fragmentation (the division of a tussock into several smaller ones), growth, retrogression (the decrease in tussock size) and fecundity.ResultsAll demographic parameters varied among species and across the fire regimes. Late fire had the largest negative effect on all parameters except fecundity. Schizachyrium platyphyllum was the most disadvantaged species by fire in terms of mortality, retrogression and growth, whilst Andropogon ascinodis was the most prone to fragmentation. Hyparrhenia smithiana and Sorghastrum bipennatum produced the most seeds and Brachiaria brachylopha produced the most new tussocks. The circumference of perennial grasses impacted all demographic parameters. Small individuals had the highest mortality and growth rates, while large individuals showed the highest fragmentation and retrogression rates, and produced the most seeds.ConclusionsThis study showed that perennial grass species differed in their sensitivity to fire treatments. Nevertheless, the mid‐season fire could be advised to managers for the sustainable management of the Lamto savanna.
The evolution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons under simulated inner asteroid conditions
Authors: Giese Claudia‐Corina , Ten Kate Inge Loes , Plümper Oliver , King Helen E. , Lenting Christoph , Liu Yang , Tielens Alexander G. G. M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractLarge polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are an important component of the interstellar medium. PAHs have been identified in the soluble and insoluble matter of carbonaceous chondrites (CCs). Here, we study the evolution of PAHs under conditions relevant to the interiors of asteroids and compare our results to PAHs observed in CCs. We have performed long‐term and short‐term hydrothermal experiments, in which we exposed PAH‐mineral mixture analogs of meteorites to temperature conditions representative of those predicted for asteroids interiors. Our results show that small PAHs with melting points within the aqueous alteration temperature of CCs form carbonaceous spherules in the presence of water. In this work, we describe the microstructure and morphology of these spherules. We discuss the similarities and differences compared to globules isolated from CCs.
The All‐Seeing: Fraternity and Vision of God in Nicholas of Cusa
Authors: Falque Emmanuel 
Published: July 2019

Abstract“I am because you look upon me.” This phrase from Nicholas of Cusa’s De visione Dei sive De icona is enough to sum up the stakes and originality of this treatise sent in 1453 to the Tegernsee monks. “Speaking in order to see,” “seeing in order to speak,” and “hearing in order to believe” chart the different stages of this unique experience, at once aesthetic, philosophical, spiritual, and mystical. Whereas one might have believed that the mere call to transcendence would be enough to justify gathering together before God, the collective contemplation of Rogier van der Weyden’s painting by the community of monks instead allows one to see and even hear that “the revelation of the witness” (and thus “the revelation of the brother”) validates the truth of this communally shared experience. Reaching the “wall of paradise” does not so much mean “escaping through the wall” or “getting over the wall” as it does “inhabiting the boundary” where opposites “coincide” and man and God meet within a human community.
The plant hypersensitive response: concepts, control and consequences
Authors: Balint‐Kurti Peter 
Published: July 2019

SummaryThe hypersensitive defence response is found in all higher plants and is characterized by a rapid cell death at the point of pathogen ingress. It is usually associated with pathogen resistance, though, in specific situations, it may have other consequences such as pathogen susceptibility, growth retardation and, over evolutionary timescales, speciation. Due to the potentially severe costs of inappropriate activation, plants employ multiple mechanisms to suppress inappropriate activation of HR and to constrain it after activation. The ubiquity of this response among higher plants despite its costs suggests that it is an extremely effective component of the plant immune system.
Understanding what matters to patients in critical care: An exploratory evaluation
Authors: Connelly Christine , Jarvie Lyndsey , Daniel Malcolm , Monachello Emma , Quasim Tara , Dunn Lelia , McPeake Joanne 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe delivery of person‐centred care is a key priority for managers, policy makers, and clinicians in health care. The delivery person‐centred care in critical care is challenging because of competing demands.Aims and objectivesThe aim of this quality improvement project was to understand what mattered to patients on a daily basis within the critical care environment. It aimed to understand personal goals and what patients needed to improve their experience. This paper reports on the outputs from this quality improvement project.Design and Data AnalysisDuring each daily ward round, patients were asked “what matters to you today?” Outputs from this were entered into the Daily Goals Sheet, which is utilized for every patient in our critical care unit or in the nursing notes. Using Framework Analysis, prevalent themes were extracted from the patient statements documented.ResultsA total of 196 unique patients were included in this analysis alongside 592 patient statements. Four broad themes were generated: medical outcomes and information, the critical care environment, personal care, and family and caregivers.ConclusionThe analysis of the data from this quality improvement project has demonstrated that, by asking a simple question within the context of a ward round, care can be enhanced and personalized and long‐term outcomes potentially improved. More research is required to understand what the optimal methods are of implementing these requests.Relevance to clinical practiceTwo main recommendations from practice emerged from this quality improvement project: asking patients “what matters to you?” on a daily basis may help support the humanization of the critical care environment, and visiting and access by families must be discussed with patients to ensure this is appropriate for their needs.
Morphological and physiological traits in relation to carbon balance in a diverse clade of dryland mosses
Authors: Coe Kirsten K. , Howard Nora B. , Slate Mandy L. , Bowker Matthew A. , Mishler Brent D. , Butler Riley , Greenwood Joshua , Stark Lloyd R. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPlant functional trait analyses have focused almost exclusively on vascular plants, but bryophytes comprise ancient and diverse plant lineages that have widespread global distributions and important ecological functions in terrestrial ecosystems. We examined a diverse clade of dryland mosses, Syntrichia, and studied carbon balance during a precipitation event (C‐balance), a functional trait related to physiological functioning, desiccation tolerance, survival, and ecosystem carbon and nitrogen cycling. We examined variability in C‐balance among 14 genotypes of Syntrichia and measured an additional 10 physiological and 13 morphological traits at the cell, leaf, shoot, and clump level. C‐balance varied 20‐fold among genotypes, and highest C‐balances were associated with long, narrow leaves with awns, and small cells with thick cell walls, traits that may influence water uptake and retention during a precipitation event. Ordination analyses revealed that the axis most strongly correlated with C‐balance included the maximum chlorophyll fluorescence, Fm, indicating the importance of photosystem II health for C exchange. C‐balance represents a key functional trait in bryophytes, but its measurement is time intensive and not feasible to measure on large scales. We propose two models (using physiological and morphological traits) to predict C‐balance, whereby identifying simpler to measure traits for trait databases.
State attachment variability across distressing situations in middle childhood
Authors: Verhees Martine W. F. T. , Ceulemans Eva , van IJzendoorn Marinus H. , Bakermans‐Kranenburg Marian J. , Bosmans Guy 
Published: July 2019

AbstractContemporary research suggests that attachment has both a trait‐like, stable component, and a state‐like component that varies across contexts. In the current study, we assessed state attachment variability across comparably distressing situations in middle childhood. In two samples, children reported their expectations of maternal support in each situation. Additionally, we administered trait attachment and psychological well‐being measures. Results indicated that, overall, children varied in their expectations across situations: more than half of the variance was explained by intra‐individual differences across situations. Results revealed two components underlying variability: a Signal‐and‐Support component reflecting expectations of support‐seeking and receiving, and a Back‐on‐Track component reflecting expectations of stress reduction and comfort. State attachment variability was related to individual differences in trait attachment: children who are more securely attached at the trait level, overall appear to vary less in their state attachment, likely due to their high mean state attachment scores across situations. When the mean state attachment scores are accounted for, more securely attached children seem to vary more, suggesting that their state attachment expectations are more sensitive to contextual fluctuations. Importantly, degree of state attachment variability explained psychological well‐being over and above trait attachment.
Reactive oxygen species and reactive carbonyl species constitute a feed‐forward loop in auxin signaling for lateral root formation
Authors: Biswas Md. Sanaullah , Fukaki Hidehiro , Mori Izumi C. , Nakahara Kazuha , Mano Jun'ichi 
Published: July 2019

SummaryIn auxin‐stimulated roots, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via the hormone‐induced activation of respiratory burst oxidase homologous NADPH oxidases facilitates lateral root (LR) formation. In this study, in order to verify that ROS can modulate auxin signaling, we examined the involvement of the lipid peroxide‐derived agents known as reactive carbonyl species (RCS) in LR formation. When auxin was added to Arabidopsis thaliana roots, the levels of RCS, for example acrolein, 4‐hydroxynonenal and crotonaldehyde, were increased prior to LR formation. Addition of the carbonyl scavenger carnosine suppressed auxin‐induced LR formation. Addition of RCS to the roots induced the expression of the auxin‐responsive DR5 promoter and the TIR1, IAA14, ARF7, LBD16 and PUCHI genes and facilitated LR formation without increasing the endogenous auxin level. DR5 and LBD16 were activated in the LR primordia. The auxin signaling‐deficient mutants arf7 arf19 and slr‐1 did not respond – and tir1 afb2 appeared to show a poor response – to RCS. When given to the roots RCS promoted the disappearance of the AXR3NT–GUS fusion protein, i.e. the degradation of the auxin/indole‐3‐acetic acid protein, as did auxin. These results indicate that the auxin‐induced production of ROS and their downstream products RCS modulate the auxin signaling pathway in a feed‐forward manner. RCS are key agents that connect the ROS signaling and the auxin signaling pathways.