bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Left Atrial Wall Thickness Measured by a Machine Learning Method Predicts AF Recurrence After Pulmonary Vein Isolation
Authors: Gomes Daniel A. , Bello Ana Rita , Freitas Pedro , Pereira Joana Certo , Matos Daniel Nascimento , Lopes Pedro , Rodrigues Gustavo , Carmo João , Gama Francisco , Guerreiro Sara , Santos Pedro Galvão , Costa Francisco Moscoso , Ferreira Jorge , Carmo Pedro , Abecasis João , Cavaco Diogo , Morgado Francisco Bello , Ferreira António M. , Adragão Pedro 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundLeft atrial (LA) remodeling plays a significant role in the progression of atrial fibrillation (AF). Although LA wall thickness (LAWT) has emerged as an indicator of structural remodeling, its impact on AF outcomes remains unclear. We aimed to determine the association between LAWT and AF recurrence after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI), as well as to evaluate the relationship between LAWT and LA fibrosis.MethodsSingle‐center registry of patients enrolled for radiofrequency PVI from 2016 to 2018. In all cases, a pre‐ablation CT was performed within less than 48 h. Mean LAWT was retrospectively measured by a semi‐automated machine learning method (ADAS 3D). A subgroup of patients also underwent pre‐ablation cardiac MRI. The primary endpoint was time to AF recurrence after a 3‐month blanking period.ResultsA total of 439 patients (mean age 61 ± 12 years, 62% male, 78% with paroxysmal AF) were included. The mean LAWT was 1.4 ± 0.2 mm (0.9–1.9 mm). During a median follow‐up of 5.8 (IQR: 4.9–6.6) years, 238 patients (54%) had an AF relapse. After adjusting for 8 clinical and imaging potential confounders, LAWT remained an independent predictor of time‐to‐recurrence (aHR: 4.25 [95% CI: 1.65–10.95], p = 0.003). AF recurrence rates were 11%, 15%, and 21%/year across terciles of increasing LAWT (log‐rank p < 0.001). Additionally, the AF recurrence rate increased across the spectrum of LA structural remodeling, ranging from 8% (normal LAWT and LAVI) to 30%/year (LAWT and LAVI both increased). In the 62 patients who also underwent pre‐ablation MRI, a moderate relationship between LAWT and fibrosis (assessed by late‐gadolinium enhancement) was found (Spearman R 0.468; p < 0.001).ConclusionMean LAWT, easily assessed by commercially available machine learning software, is an independent predictor of time to AF recurrence after PVI in the long term. Whether patients with increased LAWT should receive tailored therapy deserves further investigation.
Diabetes remission in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus through short‐term continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion intensive therapy combined with low‐carbohydrate diet treatment
Authors: Huang Xuemei , Jiang Jiajin , Liu Li , Lin Yuanyuan , Zhang Feng , Ling Xiaoshan , Wei Haitao , Huang Guangjing , Ye Jinqun , Huang Cen , Huang Jianli , Tao Wenfu , Zou Xinyu 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAim/IntroductionTo evaluate the therapeutic efficacy short‐term continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) intensive therapy combined with a low‐carbohydrate diet (LCD) for diabetes remission in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus.Materials and MethodsThis study included patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, who were randomly divided into two groups: conventional (conventional CSII + traditional lifestyle guidance); and intensive (intensive CSII + LCD lifestyle guidance). CSII was used for blood glucose control, with continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) used to monitor blood glucose levels. The primary outcome measure was hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level; secondary outcomes included body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, glycemic control, and biochemical indices.ResultsThe time in range (TIR) in the intensive treatment group was greater than that in the conventional treatment group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of hypoglycemia between the two groups (P > 0.05). Compared with the conventional treatment group, diabetes remission rates were significantly greater in the intensive treatment group (P < 0.05). In the intensive treatment group, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), HbA1c, Homeostasis Model assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA‐IR), triglycerides (TG), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐c), and changes in body weight, BMI, visceral fat area (VFA), and subcutaneous fat area (SFA) decreased significantly (P < 0.05). FPG, HOMA‐IR, TG, LDL‐c, and changes in body weight, BMI, waist circumference, and VFA were significantly correlated with HbA1c levels (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe combination of intensive CSII and LCD lifestyle guidance had been improved the remission rate in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus.
CBL1/CIPK23 phosphorylates tonoplast sugar transporter TST2 to enhance sugar accumulation in sweet orange (Citrus sinensis)
Authors: Li Mengdi , Mao Zuolin , Zhao Zeqi , Gao Siyang , Luo Yanrou , Liu Ziyan , Sheng Xiawei , Zhai Xiawan , Liu Ji‐Hong , Li Chunlong 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTFruit taste quality is greatly influenced by the content of soluble sugars, which are predominantly stored in the vacuolar lumen. However, the accumulation and regulation mechanisms of sugars in most fruits remain unclear. Recently, we established the citrus fruit vacuole proteome and discovered the major transporters localized in the vacuole membrane. Here, we demonstrated that the expression of tonoplast sugar transporter 2 (CsTST2) is closely associated with sugar accumulation during sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) ripening. It was further demonstrated that CsTST2 had the function of transporting hexose and sucrose into the vacuole. Overexpression of CsTST2 resulted in an elevation of sugar content in citrus juice sac, calli, and tomato fruit, whereas the downregulation of its expression led to the reduction in sugar levels. CsTST2 was identified as interacting with CsCIPK23, which binds to the upstream calcium signal sensor protein CsCBL1. The phosphorylation of the three serine residues (Ser277, Ser337, and Ser354) in the loop region of CsTST2 by CsCIPK23 is crucial for maintaining the sugar transport activity of CsTST2. Additionally, the expression of CsCIPK23 is positively correlated with sugar content. Genetic evidence further confirmed that calcium and CsCIPK23‐mediated increase in sugar accumulation depends on CsTST2 and its phosphorylation level. These findings not only unveil the functional mechanism of CsTST2 in sugar accumulation, but also explore a vital calcium signal regulation module of CsCBL1/CIPK23 for citrus sweetness quality.
Young adults' gendered trajectories of routine housework time when leaving home
Authors: Schulz Florian , Raab Marcel 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo examine young adult women's and men's time use for routine housework when moving out of the parental household.BackgroundFrom a life‐course perspective, establishing an own household is one of the key markers of the transition to adulthood. Leaving home is associated with new responsibilities concerning the organization of everyday life, including routine housework, and provides a new context for gendered behavior.MethodsHours for routine housework were estimated with longitudinal fixed effects regression models, using data from the German Socio‐Economic Panel Study (1991–2020) on 911 women and 721 men, aged 18–32, who moved to an own couple or non‐couple household.ResultsDuring the transition to an own household, young adult women increased their time for routine housework by 18 min per day. Young adult men's increase was larger with 21 min per day. The gender gap in routine housework hours widened when young adults moved into couple households but showed a converging pattern when they moved into non‐couple households.ConclusionWomen continue to do more routine housework than men in early adulthood, although moving into non‐couple settings tends to decrease gender inequality on average.
Effects of different 3Y‐TZP nanoparticle concentrations on reinforcing mechanical properties of 3D‐printed resin using stereolithography technology
Authors: Qi Keyu , Hada Tamaki , Ren Xiangyu , Iwaki Maiko , Minakuchi Shunsuke , Kanazawa Manabu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the impact of varying concentrations of 3 mol% yttria‐stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystalline ceramic (3Y‐TZP) nanoparticles on mechanical properties of three‐dimensional (3D)‐printed resins in stereolithography (SLA) technology.Materials and MethodsA total of four groups (n = 6) of specimens were printed. Pure 3D‐printed resin was used as the control group (0 wt%). For the experimental groups, modified 3Y‐TZP nanoparticles were dispersed into 3D‐printed resin at 1, 3, and 5 wt% concentrations to fabricate nanocomposites. Mechanical tests, including degree of conversion (DC), flexural strength, flexural modulus, fractography, and hardness, were evaluated and analyzed by one‐way analysis of variance followed by the Games–Howell post‐hoc test or Tukey post‐hoc test (α = 0.05).ResultsThe DC of the control group showed the lowest value (p < 0.0001). The DC values peaked at the 5 wt% group, with no significant difference between the 3 wt% group. The flexural strength and modulus of the experimental groups were significantly higher than those in the control group. The addition of 1 and 3 wt% 3Y‐TZP nanoparticles significantly improved the flexural strength and modulus (p < 0.05), while 5 wt% resulted in a significant decrease. The 1 wt% group showed the lowest hardness value. Maximum hardness value was observed in the 3 wt% group (p < 0.05). No significant difference was observed between the control and 5 wt% groups (p = 0.428).ConclusionOptimal mechanical properties were obtained with the 3 wt% group, indicating its potential as a dental material in clinical application.
OPA1 Mediated Fatty Acid β‐Oxidation in Hepatocyte: The Novel Insight for Melatonin Attenuated Apoptosis in Concanavalin A Induced Acute Liver Injury
Authors: Chen Tong , Shuang Ruonan , Gao Tiantian , Ai Lijun , Diao Jichen , Yuan Xinyi , He Ling , Tao Weiwei , Huang Xin 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTMelatonin (MLT) has been reported to attenuate Concanavalin A (Con A)‐induced acute liver injury via the inhibition of immune cells. Whereas the response of hepatocyte to Con A‐caused inflammatory storm and the mechanism of MLT on hepatocyte remain not fully understood. Our RNA‐seq and bioinformatic analyses suggested that OPA1 and fatty acid β‐oxidation might be critical. It was found that MLT ameliorated Con A‐induced acute liver injury, promoted mitochondrial fusion, fatty acid β‐oxidation, modulated metabolic reprogramming and inhibited apoptosis. The overexpression and knockdown of OPA1 by adenovirus proved that these processes were governed by OPA1. With the overexpression plasmid, agonist, inhibitor and SiRNA, we found that MLT promoted OPA1 upregulation to enhance fatty acid β‐oxidation, which inhibited apoptosis. The MLT and OPA1‐promoted fatty acid β‐oxidation enhanced ATP production rather than reduced lipid accumulation. AMPK/FOXO1 was required for MLT and OPA1‐mediated fatty acid β‐oxidation and apoptosis. NOTCH1 was also necessary for this apoptotic process. The results were verified in immune deficiency mice and AML12 cells induced by Con A‐stimulated monocyte supernatant. MLT might control the transcription of OPA1 through MEF2A. TOMM70 was critical for MLT translocation and OPA1 upregulation. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that MLT attenuated Con A‐induced acute liver injury via the OPA1‐controlled fatty acid β‐oxidation to inhibit apoptosis in hepatocyte.
Dihydromyricetin Suppresses Lipopolysaccharide‐Induced Intestinal Injury Through Reducing Reactive Oxygen Species Generation and NOD‐Like Receptor Pyrin Domain Containing 3 Inflammasome Activation
Authors: Chang Yicong , Jiang Xinru , Ji Zhenghua , Gong Yingchao , Fan Xianan , Hao Beili , Yuan Liang , Muhammad Ishfaq , Li Rui , Li Changwen , Liu Fangping 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAs an integral component of the gram‐negative bacterial cellular envelope, excess production of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) regularly precipitates causing intestinal damage and barrier dysfunction in avian species. Dihydromyricetin (DHM), a naturally occurring constituent in rattan tea, exhibits protective characteristics against various tissue injuries. However, the intervention mechanism of DHM on intestinal injury induced by LPS in chickens has not been determined. Consequently, this study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms through which DHM mitigates LPS‐induced intestinal damage in chickens through the reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐NOD‐like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. Primary intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) were isolated and cultured from 14‐day‐old specific pathogen free (SPF) chicken embryos, and DHM ranging from 20 to 320 μmol/L increased cell survival rates. Additionally, DHM at 20 and 40 μmol/L demonstrated reduction in oxidative stress and ROS accumulation, mirroring the impact of ROS inhibitor (2.5 mmol/L NAC). DHM efficiently regulated ROS production, thereby augmenting ZO‐1, occludin and claudin‐1 expression to enhance barrier function; upregulating bcl‐2 expression and downregulating bax and caspase‐3 expression to regulate apoptosis and suppressing inflammation in IECs. Suppression of ROS subsequently attenuates NLRP3 inflammasome activation, leading to a remarkable downregulation of IL‐1β, IL‐18 and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) secretion, consistent with direct inactivation of NLRP3 inflammasome (10 μmol/L MCC950). Notably, DHM diminished IL‐1β and IL‐18 levels and LDH activity via suppression of ROS‐regulated NLRP3 and caspase‐1 expression and activation. In summary, DHM prevents LPS‐induced intestinal impairment by modulating ROS generation and NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
Possible sleep bruxism and hair cortisol in children: A birth cohort study
Authors: Pauli Laís Anschau , Murray Joseph , Tovo‐Rodrigues Luciana , Correa Marcos Britto , Barros Fernando , de Oliveira Isabel Oliveira , Domingues Marlos Rodrigues , Demarco Flavio Fernando , Goettems Marília Leão 
Published: November 2024

SummaryThis study aimed to test for an association between hair cortisol, as an indicator of chronic stress, and possible sleep bruxism among children participating in the 2015 Pelotas Birth Cohort Study. Data from 3229 children were analysed. Possible sleep bruxism was identified based on caregivers' reports when the child was 4 years old. Trained fieldworkers collected hair samples from children, and a standardized protocol was used for hormone extraction and cortisol quantification from the hair. Information on socioeconomic, demographic, psychological and behavioural characteristics was gathered through questionnaires. Poisson regression with robust variance was used to evaluate the impact of hair cortisol concentration on the occurrence of possible sleep bruxism, guided by a directed acyclic graph. The prevalence of possible sleep bruxism was 21.46% (n = 693); median hair cortisol concentration was 7.8 pg mg−1. Hair cortisol concentration was not found to be associated with the occurrence of sleep bruxism. However, the presence of sleep bruxism was linked to higher maternal education (p = 0.027), maternal stress level (p = 0.032), excessive use of electronic devices (p = 0.007), and child emotional and behavioural problems (p = 0.003). Furthermore, female sex was associated with a lower frequency of possible sleep bruxism (p = 0.003). There was no association between chronic stress, as measured by hair cortisol concentration, and the occurrence of possible sleep bruxism. This study underscores the role of sociodemographic factors and children's mental health in the occurrence of sleep bruxism among children in this population.
Can EEG spectral analysis distinguish children with narcolepsy from those with idiopathic hypersomnia and subjective sleepiness?
Authors: Plunkett Georgina , Shetty Marisha , Davey Margot J. , Nixon Gillian M. , Walter Lisa M. , Horne Rosemary S. C. 
Published: November 2024

SummaryEEG spectral analysis provides a more sensitive measure of sleep disruption than conventional sleep macro‐architecture. We aimed to examine the use of this technique applied to overnight polysomnography in distinguishing children with narcolepsy and idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) from subjectively sleepy children with a non‐diagnostic multiple sleep latency test. The relative power was calculated for delta (0.5–3.9 Hz), theta (4–7.9 Hz), alpha (8–11.9 Hz), sigma (12–13.9 Hz), and beta power (14–30 Hz). A mean value for each frequency was calculated for each 30 s epoch then averaged for each sleep stage within each child. Data are presented as median and interquartile range. Twenty‐eight children with narcolepsy, 11 with IH, and 26 with subjective sleepiness were included and individually matched for age and sex with a control child. In N2, the F4 beta power was lower in the narcolepsy compared with the IH group (p < 0.05). The F4 theta power was higher in the narcolepsy compared with the subjectively sleepy group during wake (p < 0.001), N2 (p < 0.01), N3 (p < 0.05), and total sleep (p < 0.01). During total sleep the F4 delta power was lower in both the narcolepsy and IH groups compared with the subjectively sleepy group (p < 0.05 for both). Our study identified specific EEG frequencies which differed between groups of children referred for assessment of EDS. In particular, differences in theta and delta power in children with narcolepsy and IH compared with others with subjective sleepiness may provide insights into the pathophysiology associated these conditions.
The Liquidity Uncertainty Premium Puzzle
Authors: Flora Maria , Gianstefani Ilaria , Renò Roberto 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe puzzling negative relation between liquidity uncertainty and asset returns, originally put forward by Chordia, Subrahmanyam, and Anshuman (2001) and confirmed by the subsequent empirical literature up to date, is neither robust to the aggregation period, nor to the observation frequency used to compute the volatility of trading volume. We demonstrate that their procedure involves an estimation bias due to the persistence and skewness of volumes. When using an alternative approach based on high‐frequency data to measure liquidity uncertainty, the relationship turns out to be positive. However, portfolio strategies based on liquidity uncertainty do not appear to be profitable.
Biosynthesis of sakuranetin regulated by OsMPK6‐OsWRKY67‐OsNOMT cascade enhances resistance to false smut disease
Authors: Ma Jinbiao , Wei Lirong , Huang Keyi , Wang Dacheng , Gao Jiameng , Chen Xi , Guo Huimin , Gao Shangyu , Zhang Min , Li Shujing , Yu Chenjie , Zhao Jing , Wu Jingni , Gu Qin , Kim Sun Tae , Gupta Ravi , Xiong Guosheng , Lo Clive , Liu Yongfeng , Wang Yiming 
Published: November 2024

Summary
Rice false smut disease, caused by the fungal pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens, significantly restricts both the production and quality of rice grains. However, the molecular mechanism underlying rice resistance against U. virens remain largely elusive.
Transcriptome analysis of rice panicles infected with U. virens revealing the crucial role of genes involved in sakuranetin biosynthesis in conferring resistance to the pathogen. In vitro assays demonstrated that sakuranetin was most effective at inhibiting mycelial growth, spore germination, and host infection by U. virens.
The expression of OsNOMT, the key enzyme in sakuranetin biosynthesis, is directly regulated by the transcription factor OsWRKY67. Furthermore, OsMPK6, a mitogen‐activated protein kinase, interacts with and phosphorylates OsWRKY67, thereby modulating sakuranetin biosynthesis and resistance to U. virens. Moreover, the exogenous application of synthetic sakuranetin significantly reduces U. virens infection.
Our findings reveal that the OsMPK6‐OsWRKY67‐OsNOMT signaling cascade plays a pivotal role in rice resistance to U. virens by regulating sakuranetin biosynthesis.
The dynamics of adaptive evolution in microalgae in a high‐CO2 ocean
Authors: Wu Fenghuang , Zhou Yunyue , Beardall John , Raven John A. , Peng Baoyi , Xu Leyao , Zhang Hao , Li Jingyao , Xia Jianrong , Jin Peng 
Published: November 2024

Summary

Marine microalgae demonstrate a notable capacity to adapt to high CO2 and warming in the context of global change. However, the dynamics of their evolutionary processes under simultaneous high CO₂ and warming conditions remain poorly understood.

Here, we analyze the dynamics of evolution in experimental populations of a model marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. We conducted whole‐genome resequencing of populations under ambient, high‐CO2, warming and high CO2 + warming at 2‐yr intervals over a 4‐yr adaptation period.

The common genes selected between 2‐ and 4‐yr adaptation were found to be involved in protein ubiquitination and degradation and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and were consistently selected regardless of the experimental conditions or adaptation duration. The unique genes selected only by 4‐yr adaptation function in respiration, fatty acid, and amino acid metabolism, facilitating adaptation to prolonged high CO2 with warming conditions. Corresponding changes at the metabolomic level, with significant alterations in metabolites abundances involved in these pathways, support the genomic findings.

Our study, integrating genomic and metabolomic data, demonstrates that long‐term adaptation of microalgae to high CO2 and/or warming can be characterized by a complex and dynamic genetic process and may advance our understanding of microalgae adaptation to global change.
Unveiling a Hidden Synergy: Empowering Biofertilizers for Enhanced Plant Growth With Silicon in Stressed Agriculture
Authors: Etesami Hassan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTFood security is increasingly threatened by climate change and environmental pressures that hinder plant growth and development. Harnessing soil microorganisms, such as mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth‐promoting bacteria, offers a promising approach to boost crop production. However, existing screening methods for these microorganisms often prove ineffective in real‐world, stress‐prone environments, limiting the efficacy of microbial biofertilizers. To address this challenge, this review proposes the integration of silicon—renowned for its stress‐mitigating properties in plants—with biofertilizers. Silicon has been shown to work synergistically with plant growth‐promoting microorganisms, enhancing plant resilience to environmental stress while improving colonization efficiency and plant‐microbe interactions in stressful conditions. By combining silicon with biofertilizers to create silicon‐enriched biofertilizers, this strategy has the potential to optimize microbial performance and fortify food security against global challenges. The review advocates for the co‐application of silicon and microbial biofertilizers as a sustainable solution to boost plant resilience against environmental stressors, thereby contributing to agricultural sustainability.