bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation of polylactide scaffolds for cancellous bone regeneration – preliminary investigation and optimization of the process
Authors: Budnicka Monika , Trzaskowska Joanna , Gadomska-Gajadhur Agnieszka , Ruśkowski Paweł , Synoradzki Ludwik 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Polylactide scaffolds were prepared for the cancellous bone regeneration by the phase inversion method with freeze-extraction variant. A preliminary investigation and the optimization of the process were performed. For the obtained scaffolds, regression equations determining the effect: PLLA concentration by weight in 1,4-dioxane; volume ratio of the porophore/PLLA solution in 1,4-dioxane; and implant-forming solution pouring temperature, on the open porosity and mass absorbability were determined. The conditions in which the obtained implants were characterized by the maximal absorbability with the open porosity greater than 90 % were obtained.
Insights into the photochemistry of 5-aminotetrazole derivatives with applications in coordination chemistry. Effect of the saccharyl moiety on the photostability
Authors: Ismael Amin , Abe Manabu , Fausto Rui , Cristiano Maria L. S. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The properties and applications of 2-methyl-(2H)-tetrazole-5-amino-saccharinate (2MTS) in catalysis and chelant-based chemotherapy stimulated investigations on its photostability. The photochemistry of monomeric 2MTS in solid argon (15 K) was compared with those of 2-methyl-(2H)-tetrazole-5-amine (2MT) and 1-methyl-(2H)-tetrazole-5-amine (1MT). Compounds were subjected to in situ narrowband UV-irradiation at different wavelengths. Reactions were followed by infrared spectroscopy, supported by B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) calculations. Photochemical pathways for 2MT and 2MTS proved similar but photodegradation of 2MTS was 20× slower, unraveling the photostabilizing effect of the saccharyl moiety that extends into the nitrilimine formed from 2MTS and its antiaromatic 1H-diazirene isomer, which proved photostable at 290 nm, unlike the 1H-diazirene formed from 2MT. Analysis of the photochemistries of 2MTS/2MT (250 nm) and 1MT (222 nm), including energy trends calculated for the isomeric C2H5N3 species postulated/observed from photolysis and EPR results, enabled a deeper insight into the photodegradation mechanisms of 1,5-substituted and 2,5-substituted tetrazoles. We postulate a pivotal singlet state imidoylnitrene species,
sN1, as common intermediate, which undergoes a Wolff-type isomerization to a stable carbodiimide. Photo-extrusion of N2 from 1,5-substituted tetrazoles generates
sN1 directly but from 2,5-substituted tetrazoles it originates a nitrilimine, then a diazirene, which finally leads to
sN1. Selective formation of cyanamide from 1MT requires photoisomerization between
sN1 and
sN2, accessible at 222 nm. EPR studies enabled the detection of methyl nitrene, arising from photolysis of 1H-diazirene intermediate.
The semiotic web of the research proposal
Authors: Damaskinidis George , Christodoulou Anastasia 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Signs in the early stages of research (e.g. pathways, thoughts/ideas, and structured feedback) form a web that we call the semiotic web of the research proposal. This web is based on the unlimited semiosis of signs, the semiotic square of education, and the semiotic web of law. We start weaving this web by formulating a raw thought and a number of research ideas. Βy travelling various pathways, we develop patterns of thinking which in turn lead to several potential research proposals, one of which will become the chosen research proposal. We use the concept “semiotics of education” as our theoretical base for a heuristic tool, the semiotic web of the research proposal, to explore an aspect of educational research methodologies. Recognizing that overcoming habitual dualisms is a distinguishing feature of the semiotics of education, we open up the discussion about the extent to which the research proposal should be an integral part of the main supervision process and explore some of the possibilities surrounding this goal. The study highlights the evidence arising from a lifelong distance-learning programme in research proposal development and provides illustrative examples of the way in which educational principles have been translated into practice in a Greek university.

This article is based on our presentation “The semiotic web of the research proposal” delivered at the conference Semiosis in Communication – Knowing and Learning, Bucharest, June 16–18, 2016.
The importance of weak physical performance in older adults for the development of musculoskeletal pain that interferes with normal life. A prospective cohort study
Authors: Lilje Stina , Sanmartin Berglund Johan , Anderberg Peter , Palmlöf Lina , Skillgate Eva 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Background and aims
There are associations between pain, comorbidity and risk of falling, and falling increases the risk of mortality in older persons, but few studies have investigated the development of pain as a result of impaired physical function. The aim of this study was to examine possible associations between weak physical performance and the development of musculoskeletal pain that interferes with normal life in a sample of older adults. The sample derived from a national, longitudinal multicenter study; the Swedish National Study on Ageing and Care; SNAC-B.

Methods
The participants (n = 490) were between 60 and 78 years at the baseline examinations. Three variables were chosen for the exposure physical function, from the baseline examinations; One Leg Stand, Grip strength and Sit-to-Stand. The outcome musculoskeletal pain that interferes with normal life was measured using EQ5D and SF-12 6 years later, and logistic regression was used to investigate possible associations between the exposures and the outcome.

Results
Maximum grip strength (Grippit) was inversely associated with musculoskeletal pain that interferes with normal life (OR 2.31; 95% CI 1.15–4.61), and One-Leg Stand and Sit-to-Stand were not associated with the development of pain (OR 1.30; 95% CI 0.64–2.64) and (OR 0.91; 95% CI 0.45–1.86), respectively.

Conclusions
Weak grip strength was inversely associated with the development of musculoskeletal pain that interferes with normal life in older adults.

Implications
Impaired proprioceptive function, strength and mobility in elderly with pain have been found in earlier research. Since pain increases the risk of falling, it is important to investigate if it may develop as a function of an impaired physical function. The results of the present study could be of importance for future prevention programs aiming to protect elderly from falling.
Recent Trends of Regional Development in China – Technological Portfolios and Economic Growth
Authors: Kroll Henning , Neuhäusler Peter 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis paper analyses recent patterns and trends of technological development in Chinese provinces. It reflects on characteristic distinctions between these regions’ portfolios of technological activity as well as the local matches between scientific, technological and economic efforts within them. Building on both theoretical and country specific literature, it suggests that, in China, the internal structure of technological activities might play a lesser role for economic development than in established market economies while their external embeddedness could be more important. Based on a comprehensive dataset, it identifies characteristic profiles and pathways of development among China’s provinces. With a view to those, its findings suggest a continued relevance of existing legacies but, equally, newly emerging industrial dynamism. While related variety is now present in many leading regions, the local match between technological and economic activities remains the most relevant discriminator between already well-developed provinces and those catching up with the leading group.
Accelerated Pavement Testing of Perpetual Pavement Test Sections under Heavy Aircraft Loading at FAA’s National Airport Pavement Test Facility
Authors: Garg Navneet , Li Qiang , Brill David 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Six flexible pavements were constructed for construction cycle 7 (CC7) at the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) National Airport Pavement Test Facility in Atlantic City, New Jersey. Four test sections on the north side measure 200 mm (LFP-4), 250 mm (LFP-3), 300 mm (LFP-2), and 375 mm (LFP-1) that are made of hot mix asphalt (HMA) over an aggregate subbase (thickness varying between 850 and 1,025 mm) resting on a subgrade with a California bearing ratio of 5.5. The fifth test section, LFC-5, is conventional flexible pavement with 125 mm of HMA over aggregate base and subbase, and the LFC-6 structure is the same as LFC-5 except that the crushed stone base layer is replaced with asphalt-stabilized drainable base. The objective of CC7 tests is to develop perpetual pavement design criterion and to validate or refine the fatigue model for HMA in airport pavement thickness design software FAARFIELD. The HMA fatigue model is based on the ratio of dissipated energy change (RDEC). Four fiber optic strain plates were installed to measure transverse and vertical strains at top and transverse strains at bottom within the HMA layer. Full-scale accelerated pavement tests were performed. Traffic test load parameters were six-wheel gear, 245-kN wheel load (gear load 1,470 kN), and 4-kmph speed. Pavement performance was monitored using crack maps, straight edge rut depth, and surface profile measurements. LFC-5 and LFP-4 showed significant fatigue cracks and rutting. LFP-1 and LFP-2 performed well with no signs of cracking. This article presents a discussion on the RDEC fatigue model, pavement thickness design, pavement material characterization test results, pavement instrumentation, accelerated pavement tests under heavy aircraft gear loads, and pavement responses measured using embedded sensors. The test section performance shows that, under loading conditions used in the study, by increasing HMA thickness from 25.4 to 30.5 cm, fatigue cracking was eliminated for the duration of testing (38,000 passes).
Searching for Explanations for Cryptogenic Stroke in the Young: Revealing the Etiology, Triggers, and Outcome (SECRETO): echocardiography performance protocol
Authors: Saeed Sahrai , Gerdts Eva , Waje-Andreassen Ulrike , Sinisalo Juha , Putaala Jukka 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Background The incidence of ischemic stroke in young patients is increasing and associated with unfavorable prognosis due to high risk of recurrent cardiovascular events. In many young patients the cause of stroke remains unknown, referred to as cryptogenic stroke. Neuroimaging frequently suggests a proximal source of embolism in these strokes. We developed a comprehensive step-by-step echocardiography protocol for a prospective study with centralized reading to characterize preclinical cardiac changes associated with cryptogenic stroke.
Methods and study design
SECRETO (Searching for Explanations for Cryptogenic Stroke in the Young: Revealing the Etiology, Triggers, and Outcome; NCT01934725) is an ongoing multicenter case–control study enrolling patients (target n = 600) aged 18–49 years hospitalized due to first-ever ischemic stroke of undetermined etiology and age- and sex-matched controls (target n = 600). A comprehensive assessment of cardiovascular risk factors and extensive cardiac imaging with transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography, electrocardiography and neurovascular imaging is performed. Transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiograms will be centrally read, following an extensive protocol particularly emphasizing the characteristics of left atrium, left atrial appendage and interatrial septum.

Conclusions A detailed assessment of both conventional and unconventional vascular risk factors and cardiac imaging with transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography are implemented in SECRETO, aiming to establish indirect and direct risk factors and causes for cryptogenic stroke and novel pathophysiological brain–heart pathways. This may ultimately enable more personalized therapeutic options for these patients.
A 2017 US Reference for Singleton Birth Weight Percentiles Using Obstetric Estimates of Gestation
Authors: Aris Izzuddin M. , Kleinman Ken P. , Belfort Mandy B. , Kaimal Anjali , Oken Emily 
Published: June 2019

OBJECTIVE:To provide an updated birth weight–for–gestational age (BW-for-GA) reference in the United States by using the most recent, nationally representative birth data with obstetric estimates of gestational age (GA).METHODS:We abstracted 3 285 552 singleton births between 22 and 42 weeks’ gestation with nonmissing race and/or ethnicity, infant sex, parity, birth weight, and obstetric estimate of GA from the 2017 US natality files. We used 2 techniques (nonlinear, resistant smoothing [4253H] and lambda-mu-sigma) to derive smoothed BW-for-GA curves and compared resulting BW-for-GA cut-points at the third, 10th, 90th, and 97th percentiles with US references from 1999 to 2009.RESULTS:The smoothed BW-for-GA curves from both techniques overlapped considerably with each other, with strong agreements seen between the 2 techniques (&gt;99% agreement; κ-statistic &gt;0.9) for BW-for-GA cut-points at the third, 10th, 90th, and 97th percentiles across all GAs. Cut-points from 2017 using the lambda-mu-sigma method captured 9.8% to 10.2% of births &lt;10th and &gt;90th percentiles and 2.6% to 3.3% of births below the third and above the 97th percentile across all GAs. However, cut-points from US references in 1999 and 2009 (when GA was based on last menstrual period) captured a much larger range of proportions of 2017 births at these thresholds, especially among preterm and postterm GA categories.CONCLUSIONS:We have provided an updated BW-for-GA reference in the United States using the most recent births with obstetric estimates of GA and information to calculate continuous measures of birth size that are sex or parity specific.
Batılı Münekkitler ve Dozy’nin Kur’an-ı Kerim, Vahiy ve Hz. Muhammed’e Yönelik Tenkitlerine Müslümanların Cevabı: Filibeli Ahmed Hilmi Örneği
Authors: YILMAZ Yasin 
Published: June 2019

Kendilerini “biz” diğer din ve etnik grupları özellikle de Müslümanları “öteki” olarak niteleyen Batının, kendi yaşamını şekillendiren değerlere alternatif bir yaşam ve kültür sunan İslam’ın sürekli karşısında olduğu tarihî bir vakıadır. Bundan Batı Hıristiyanları, İslamiyet’i, onun peygamberini ve kutsal kitabını, tarih boyunca sürekli eleştirmişlerdir. Bunlardan birisi de Hollandalı müsteşrik Dozy’dir. Doğu dilleri hakkında araştırma yapan Dozy, tarihî gerçeklere ters düşen bir eser yazmış, Abdullah Cevdet tarafından da “Tarih-i İslamiyet” adıyla Türkçeye çevrilmiştir. Osmanlı kamuoyunda büyük tepkilere sebep olan bu esere çok sayıda reddiye yazılmıştır. Bu reddiyelerden birisi de Filibeli Ahmed Hilmi’nin “Tarih-i İslam” adlı eseridir. Filibeli Ahmed eserinde Dozy’nin Hz. Peygamber, İslam ve Kur’an hakkındaki önyargılı, mesnetsiz ve tarih metodolojisine uymayan görüşlerine cevaplar vermiştir. Bu çalışmada Filibeli’nin Kur’an’la ilgili yaptığı değerlendirmeler ile “Dozy ve emsali” dediği bazı Batılı müelliflerin eserlerinde vahyin keyfiyetine yönelik olarak yaptığı itirazlar ile Hz. Peygamber’e sara ve histeri hastalığı ithamları karşısında ortaya koyduğu karşı görüşleri üzerinde durulacaktır.
Kitap Tanıtımı: Saraybosna Gazi Hüsrev Bey Kütüphanesi 1206/2 Nu.Da Kayıtlı El Yazması Eser
Authors: BALTACI Burhan 
Published: June 2019

﻿Saraybosna Gazi Hüsrev Bey
Kütüphanesi 1206/2 nu.da kayıtlı el yazması eser Nahl 16/97. ayetin
tefsiri ile ilgili olarak kaleme alınmıştır. Risalenin dibacesinde eserin özel bir ismi bulunmamaktadır. Katalog verilerinde
eserin ismi “Risâle fî Tefsîri Kavlihî Teâlâ: men ‘amile sâlihan min zekerin ev
unsâ ve huve mu’minun” şeklinde yer almaktadır. Bu isimlendirmeden eserin, Nahl
16/97. ayetin tefsiri anlamında, ayetin
bir kısmı ile katalogda isimlendirildiğini anlamaktayız. Kataloğa göre risale, eserin
“19b-24” varakları arasında yer almaktadır.
COĞRAFİ BİLGİ SİSTEMLERİ YARDIMIYLA GAYRİMENKUL DEĞER HARİTALARININ OLUŞTURULMASI: ESKİŞEHİR İLİ TEPEBAŞI İLÇESİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: ADANA KARAAĞAÇ Gökben , ALTINIRMAK Serpil , ERGÜN Mustafa 
Published: June 2019

Bir yatırım aracı olarak
gayrimenkullerdeki değer artışı kazancı yatırımcı açısından oldukça önemli bir
konu haline gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Eskişehir ili Tepebaşı ilçesine ait bir
gayrimenkul değer artışı haritası oluşturulması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada
kullanılan gayrimenkul türü konut olup, belirlenen bölgede yatırım amaçlı
alınan konutların değer artışı haritası oluşturulması hedeflenmiştir. Bunun
yanında, ilgili dönemde yatırım amaçlı alınan konutların yatırımcısına ne
kadarlık bir değer artışı kazancı sağladığının tespiti de çalışmanın bir diğer
önemli amacıdır.

Çalışmada, Eskişehir ili Tepebaşı
ilçesindeki yatırım amaçlı konutlardaki değer artışı kazancını hesaplamak
amacıyla, yatırım amaçlı konutların hangi özelliklere sahip olduğu ve hangi
mahallelerde bulunduğu uzman görüşüne dayanan Delphi tekniği ile tespit edilmiştir.
Konutların özellikleri ve bulundukları mahalleler tespit edildikten sonra,
ilgili dönemde satış sözleşmelerine konu olan satış fiyatlarından değer artışı
kazançları hesaplanmıştır. Sonuçlar bir coğrafi bilgi sistemi programı olan
ArcGIS ile haritalandırılarak, ilçedeki yatırım amaçlı konutların değer artışı
kazancı haritası elde edilmiştir.

Çalışmanın sonucunda elde edilen değer
artışı kazançları ise; Bahçelievler mahallesinde, %86.10; Eskibağlar
mahallesinde, %69.7; Yenibağlar mahallesinde %55.6; Güllük mahallesinde,
%65.35; Sütlüce mahallesinde, %48 ve Şirintepe mahallesinde %45.5 olarak tespit
edilmiştir. Yatırım amaçlı konutların bulunduğu mahallelerin hiç birinde bir
değer düşüşü görülmemiştir. Fakat yatırımcıların özellikle Bahçelievler mahallesi,
Güllük mahallesi, Eskibağlar mahallesi ve Yenibağlar mahallesinde yer alan
konutları tercih ettiklerinde, Sütlüce mahallesi ve Şirintepe mahallesine nazaran
daha yüksek bir değer artışı kazancı elde edebilecekleri ortaya konmuştur.
MENTALIY AND CULTURE OBSERVED DURING TRADITIONAL HOLIDAYS (according to ethnographic materials on Adjara)
Authors: SHAVİANİDZE Daviti 
Published: June 2019

The problems with political and socio-religious life have arisen in Adjara, the historical community of Georgia, since the late Middle Ages. The internal development of culture has further deteriorated during the rule of Russians and Communist atheism, when the ideological machine became active, claiming that allegedly „the Adjarian is not Georgian“. This situation could not replace those socio-psychological factors, which ensured the development in accordance with national-ethnic sign. This is also confirmed by discovered ethnographic material on Georgian traditional holidays full of numerous rituals („Kvirikoba“, „Lazaria“, „New Year“, „Shuamtoba“, „Chkvanaroba“, „Kvishinaroba“, „Mareteloba“, „Chalaoba“) (using the comparative method, we apply to the realities reflecting the regularities of the self-consciousness function and ethnic feelings in everyday life and social relations of returnees settled in Ianeti). The results of a complex and ethnohistorical study of new and the latest ethnographic material on the villages of Didachara, Skhalta, Khikhani and Mareti Valley are as follows: 1. Despite the fact that the imposed circumstances brought from another religion established the ethno-national lifestyle in accordance with the developments, the benchmark of national consciousness is not close to the dangerous points in Adjara. Sense of national identity among the deportees after settling in Ianeti was low (they used to say that they are of Meskhetian nationality or Georgian Muslims); 2. From the outset, the Georgian mentality has come to realize that freedom of religion is not only the rights, freedom or declarations, but also the need for preserving the own traditional religious knowledge, fitting it with the imposed belief and responsibilities. Thus, the goal of foreigners to change the mentality made the Georgians even strengthened the will of Georgians to maintain the social and spiritual balance („come to Gamonatlevi, Gonio, Skhalta“, „always remember that Oshki, Tbeti and Khakhuli are our places“); 3. During the Communist regime, they occasionally changed the names of these holidays, and they were celebrated on non-working days established by the Government. They were aimed at maintaining faith and Georgian traditions and customs; 4. The need for holidays is explained by the principles of „awaiting“ and „cause-and-effectiveness“. The approach is as follows: „If you want to have a healthy and prosperous life, you have to be in faith and devote your several days to the service of God“ your several days not regret God“; 5. Religious and folk festivities, along with the strengthening the unity, have been the guarantee of the preservation of a moral and ethical lifestyle that we inherited from our ancestors. The study confirms the full preservation of Georgian mentality in the Mareti Valley
KIRGIZ ŞİİRİNDE ‘AKAN SU’ AKIMI İLE YAPILAN TABİAT GÜZELLEMESİNİN ÇAĞRIŞIMLARI ÜZERİNE (CEÑİCOK KÖKÖ UULU, TOGOLOK MOLDO VE BARPI ALIKULOV’UN ŞİİRLERİ ÖRNEĞİNDE)
Authors: KUNDAKCI Mustafa 
Published: June 2019

Edebî türler içerisinde yaygın biçimde kullanılan şiirler,
anlam bakımından çok katmanlı metinlerdir. Kelimelerin seçimi ve kendisine has
istifi sayesinde oldukça yoğun bir anlatım özelliği gösteren şiirlerde sadece
duygular ele alınmaz. İnsanlar, olaylar ve tabiat şairin ilk temasından sonra
şiire girer. Şairin bu unsurlara teması şiire giren insanlara, olaylara ve
tabiata şiirin doğduğu zamanın şartlarını da ekler. Bu şartlar, okuyucunun
şiirde doğrudan görebileceği şekilde verilebileceği gibi, dolaylı olarak
anlaşılabilecek daha derin bir boyutta da aktarılabilir. Dönemin koşulları,
şairleri ortak bir duygu durumunda buluşturduğunda şiirlerde de ortak temaların
kullanıldığı akımlar ortaya çıkar.

Kırgız edebiyatında XIX. yüzyılın ikinci yarısından yakın
zamana kadar şiirlerde kullanılan ortak temalardan biri de ‘akan su’dur. Daha çok ‘akan su’ teması
etrafında bir tabiat güzellemesi şeklinde söylenen şiirlerde dönemin toplumsal
sorunlarına dair izlerin de bulunması mümkündür. Baskı ve zulmün özellikle
fakir bir aile ortamında yetişen şairlerin yöneticileri eleştirmesine imkân
vermediği bir ortamda şiirlerde doğrudan dönemde yaşanan zorlukları anlatan
detayların olması beklenemez.

Kırgız şiir geleneğinin içerisinde yetişen Ceñicok Kökö Uulu,
Togolok Moldo ve Barpı Alıkulov’un ‘akan su’ temalı şiirlerinde daha çok tabiat
güzellemesi yapılmaktadır. Şairler kişileştirme yoluyla anlattıkları ‘akan su’
temasını ideal bir insan ve ideal bir toplum için model olacak şekilde işler.
Şiirlerin doğrudan anlattıkları dışında alegorik bir şekilde dolaylı yoldan
yani çağrışımlar yoluyla aktardıkları içerisinde toplum hayatına yönelik
detaylar üzerinde durulmuştur.