bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Striking inverse association of IgG-anti-Fab gamma antibodies and CD4 cell counts in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)/AIDS-related complex
Authors: Susal C , Daniel V , Oberg HH , Terness P , Huth-Kuhne A , Zimmerman R , Opelz G 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The contribution of autoimmune phenomena to the pathogenesis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is poorly understood. We investigated the relationship between IgG-anti-Fab gamma autoantibodies and the main immunologic feature of AIDS, the decrease of CD4+ helper lymphocytes. Sera of 33 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected (HIV+) hemophilia patients with AIDS/AIDS-related complex (ARC), 57 HIV+ patients without AIDS/ARC, 23 HIV-negative (HIV-) patients, and 76 healthy controls were tested for antibody activity against the Fab region of IgG. Patients with AIDS/ARC had significantly higher IgG-anti- Fab gamma activity than HIV+ patients without AIDS/ARC, HIV- patients, or controls (P less than .0001). A striking inverse association was found between IgG-anti-Fab gamma and CD4+ cell counts (r = -.69; P less than 10(-6)). Sequential testing in 16 AIDS/ARC patients showed that an increase in the IgG-anti-Fab gamma activity was invariably accompanied by a decrease in the CD4+ cell count. IgG-anti-Fab gamma antibodies may play an important role in the immunopathogenesis of AIDS.
Antiproliferative effects of interleukin-4 on freshly isolated non- Hodgkin malignant B-lymphoma cells
Authors: Defrance T , Fluckiger AC , Rossi JF , Magaud JP , Sotto JJ , Banchereau J 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The pattern of in vitro growth response of freshly isolated non-Hodgkin malignant lymphoma B cells (NHML) to cytokines was investigated. Ten tumor specimens of low- or intermediate-grade malignancy were selected for study. To assess their proliferative capacity in vitro, B-lymphoma cells were activated through ligation of their surface Ig receptor with insolubilized anti-IgM antibodies or Staphylococcus aureus strain Cowan I (SAC). In the great majority of cases, interleukin-2 (IL-2) was the sole factor that significantly and reproducibly stimulated DNA synthesis in NHML activated through their surface Igs. Other B-cell tropic factors, including IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor- alpha (TNF-alpha), failed to elicit a growth response in most of the IL- 2-responsive neoplastic samples. However, one specimen among 10 exhibited the opposite pattern of response and proliferated following culture with IL-4 and anti-Ig reagents, but not after IL-2 stimulation. Three specimens could also be induced for DNA synthesis on cross- linking of their surface Igs in the absence of exogenous growth factors. Although IL-4 could not support the in vitro growth of the majority of NHML cases, it strongly suppressed the proliferative signals delivered to these cells by anti-Ig reagents used alone or in combination with IL-2. Our data suggest that, in most cases, IL-4 essentially provides growth-inhibitory signals to NHML when they are activated through their surface Ig receptors and as such may be considered to be a valid candidate for future therapy of this type of mature B-cell malignancy.
Subcellular and Cell-Cycle Expression Profiles of CDK-Inhibitors in Normal Differentiating Myeloid Cells
Authors: Yaroslavskiy B. , Watkins S. , Donnenberg A.D. , Patton T.J. , Steinman R.A. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A central question in hematopoiesis is how cell-cycling behavior changes during the emergence of the differentiated state. To further understand what genetic regulators might couple proliferation status to differentiation, we studied the expression of the cell-cycle inhibitors p21 and p27 during the in vitro differentiation of normal CD34+ blast cells along the myeloid lineage. We find p27 but not p21 to be expressed in freshly harvested resting CD34+ cells. Thereafter, p21 levels peak concurrent with cellular proliferation and then decline in expression as cells undergo terminal differentiation. In contrast, p27 levels are fairly constant but the subcellular localization of p27 changes from nuclear expression to predominantly cytoplasmic expression and finally to perinuclear localization at progressive stages of differentiation. This report discusses the implications of these findings.
Primary cutaneous follicle center cell lymphoma with follicular growth pattern
Authors: Cerroni Lorenzo , Arzberger Edith , Pütz Barbara , Höfler Gerald , Metze Dieter , Sander Christian A. , Rose Christian , Wolf Peter , Rütten Arno , McNiff Jennifer M. , Kerl Helmut 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Cutaneous B-cell infiltrates showing a prominent follicular growth pattern with germinal centers are thought by some authors to represent either marginal zone lymphomas with reactive germinal centers or pseudolymphomas. To establish whether a true primary cutaneous follicular lymphoma exists, we studied biopsies from 15 patients with skin lesions characterized histopathologically by the presence of B-cell infiltrates with follicular pattern. Staging investigations, including bone marrow biopsy, were negative in all patients. All were negative for bcl-2 protein expression and did not present the t(14;18). In all biopsy specimens neoplastic follicles showed 1 or more morphologic or immunophenotypic criteria of malignancy (presence of a reduced mantle zone, absence of tingible body macrophages, reduced proliferation rate). In 9 specimens a monoclonal rearrangement of JH genes could be detected by polymerase chain reaction analysis. After laser beam microdissection, a band of the same length could be observed in 6 probes from different follicles from the same specimen, indicating the presence of the same monoclonal population of follicle center cells. Follow-up examinations in all patients revealed no evidence of extracutaneous spread (mean follow-up, 48.7 months). Our study demonstrates that primary cutaneous follicular lymphoma represents a distinct entity of the cutaneous B-cell lymphomas.
Reasons for first line ART modification over the years during the ART scale up in Uganda
Authors: Castelnuovo B. , Mubiru F. , Kalule I. , Kiragga A. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundDuring the initial scale up of ART in sub-Saharan Africa, prescribed regimens included drugs with high potential for toxicity (particularly stavudine). More recently a growing number of patients requires second line treatment due to treatment failure, especially following the expansion of viral load testing. We aim to determine the reasons and risk factors for modification of first line ART across the years.MethodsWe included patients started on standard first line ART (2NRTI + 1 NNRTI) between 2005 and 2016 at the Infectious Diseases Institute, Kampala, Uganda. We described the reasons for treatment modification categorized in (1) toxicity (2) treatment failure (3) other reason (new TB treatment, new pregnancy). We used Cox proportional hazard to identify factors associated with treatment modification due to toxicity.ResultsWe included 14,261 patients; 9114 (63.9%), were female, the median age was 34 years (IQR: 29–40), 60.8% were in WHO stage 3 and 4. The median BMI and CD4 count were 21.9 (IQR: 19.6–24.8) and 188 cell/µL (IQR: 65–353) respectively; 27.5% were started on stavudine, 46% on zidovudine, and 26.5% on a tenofovir containing regimens. We observed 6248 ART modifications in 4868/14,261 patients (34.1%); 1615 were due to toxicity, 1077 to treatment failure, 1330 to contraindications, and 1860 patients following WHO recommendation of phasing out stavudine and substituting with another NRTI. Modification for drug toxicity declined rapidly after the phase out of stavudine (2008), while switches to second line regimes increased after the implementation of viral load monitoring (2015). Patients with normal BMI compared to underweight, (HR: 0.79, CI 0.69–0.91), with CD4 counts 200–350 cells/µL compared to < 200 cells/µL (HR: 0.81− CI 0.71–0.93), and started on zidovudine (HR: 0.51 CI 0.44–0.59) and tenofovir (HR: 0.16, CI 0.14–0.22) compared to stavudine were less likely to have ART modification due to toxicity. Older patients (HR: 1.14 per 5-year increase CI 1.11–1.18), those in WHO stage 3 and 4 (HR: 1.19, CI 1.06–1.34) were more likely to have ART modification due to toxicity.ConclusionsToxicity as reason for drugs substitution decreased over time mirroring the phase out of stavudine, while viral load expansion identified more patients in need of second line treatment.
Liver mitochondrial membrane permeability modulation in insulin-resistant, uninephrectomised male rats by Clerodendrum volubile P. Beauv and Manihot esculenta Crantz
Authors: Ajayi Ebenezer I. O. , Molehin Olorunfemi R. , Oloyede Omotade I. , Kumar Vinod , Amara Venkateswara R. , Kaur Jasmine , Karpe Pinakin , Tikoo Kulbhushan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease, which occurs in people who are not alcohol drinkers, describes some of the pathogenic conditions that may be in the least characterized by simple steatosis or can be as serious as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and cirrhosis. Its mechanistic pathogenesis has been said to arise from insulin resistance and oxidative stress, which may be compounded by obesity. An experimental model showing, systemic insulin resistance, obesity and accumulated hepatic fatty acids was created in adult male rats using high-fat diet manipulation and surgical removal of the left kidney (uninephrectomy). This study sought to identify the impact of these multiple burdens on the liver mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore opening, and the possible in vitro effects of the extracts ofClerodendrum volubileandManihot esculentaleaves on the membrane permeabilization.ResultsThe results indicated that the methanolic extract ofClerodendrum volubileleaf inhibited mitochondrial membrane pore opening in the insulin resistance condition or when it is followed by uni-nephrectomy, while the ethanolic extract ofManihot esculentaleaf does the same in the insulin resistance condition both prior to and following uni-nephrectomy.ConclusionSince the vegetable extracts were able to abrogate mitochondrial pore opening at low concentrations, the structural integrity of the mitochondria can possibly be restored over time if treated by the vegetable extracts. Research efforts should, therefore, be made to harness the drugability of the bioactives of these vegetables for use in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease arising from insulin resistance and renal failure.
T2* mapping and subregion analysis of the tibialis posterior tendon using 3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Lockard Carly Anne , Chang Angela , Clanton Thomas O , Ho Charles P 
Published: October 2019

Objective:
Early detection of tibialis posterior tendon changes and appropriate intervention is necessary to prevent disease progression to flat-foot deformity and foot/ankle dysfunction, and the need for operative treatment. Currently, differentiating between early-stage tibialis posterior tendon deficiency patients who will benefit from conservative vs more aggressive treatment is challenging. The objective of this work was to establish a quantitative MRI T2* mapping method and subregion baseline values in the tibialis posterior tendon in asymptomatic ankles for future clinical application in detecting tendon degeneration.

Methods:
26 asymptomatic volunteers underwent T2* mapping. The tendon was divided axially into seven subregions. Summary statistics for T2* within each subregion were calculated and compared using Tukey post-hoc pairwise comparisons.

Results:
Results are reported for 24 subjects. The mean tibialis posterior tendon T2* was 7 ± 1 ms. Subregion values ranged from 6 ± 1 to 9 ± 2 ms with significant between-region differences in T2*. Inter- and intrarater absolute agreement intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values were all "excellent" (0.75 &lt; ICC=1.00) except for regions 5 through 7, which had "fair to good" interrater and/or and intrarater ICC values (0.4 &lt; ICC=0.75).

Conclusion:
A tibialis posterior tendon T2* mapping protocol, subregion division method, and baseline T2* values for clinically relevant regions were established. Significant differences in T2* were observed along the tendon length.

Advances in knowledge:
This work demonstrates that regional variation exists and should be considered for future T2*-based research on posterior tibias tendon degeneration and when using T2* mapping to evaluate for potential tibialis posterior tendon degeneration.
Lower Ionospheric Turbulence Variations During the Recent Activity of Etna’s Volcano, Sicily, in December 2018
Authors: Contadakis Michael E. , Arabelos Demeter , Scordilis Emmanuel 
Published: October 2019

In this paper, we present an investigation on the ionospheric turbulence from TEC observations before and during the recent activity of Etna’s Volcano. Mount Etna is located close to the eastern coast of Sicily. The last eruption of Etna volcano took place on 24 December 2018 while two days later (26 December, 02:19 UTC) an earthquake of M=5.0 occurred ~15 km to the ESE of the volcano, causing damage to the nearby city of Catania. The results of our investigation, on the occasion of the Etna’s Volcanic activity, indicate that the high-frequency limit fo of the ionospheric turbulence band content, is increasing with time to the volcano eruption while, at the same time, fo isdecreasing with distance from the volcano. We conclude that the LAIC mechanism through acoustic or gravity waves could explain this phenomenology, as it has happened in cases of earthquake activity. Our observations indicate that the effect of volcanic eruption on the band content of the ionospheric turbulence is insignificant at distances greater than 1000km (at the most), a fact that we must consider in our research on Ionospheric turbulence in relation to earthquake precursors research.
Case Report: Facial injury due to a firearm projectile in a Brazilian adolescent
Authors: Leite Cavalcanti Alessandro , Farias Lunna , Camilla Carvalho Laureano Isla , Edgleys Porto Damião , Raimundo Cavalcante Josuel , da Silva Barbirato Davi , Cabral Cavalcanti Alidianne Fábia 
Published: October 2019

Background: Deaths and injuries from firearms are significant public health problems. This article presents a case of face injury caused by a firearm projectile with atrial involvement. Case report: A 13-year-old male Black patient was admitted as an emergency victim of an accident caused by a firearm projectile. On physical examination, a hemorrhage was diagnosed in the right ear pinna region from the wound, and an increase of volume, of hardened consistency, in the right genic region, suggestive of local infection. On radiographic examination, a radiopaque, dense, foreign body was identified in the right zygomatic process region. The patient underwent surgery to remove the projectile. Conclusion: The care provided to the victim of a firearm injury depends on the systemic conditions, the available professional staff, the resources and the infrastructure of the environment. Prior to initiating therapy, it is important to stabilize the patient to ensure survival.
Case Report: Case report: A rare case of middle-ear Rhabdomyosarcoma in a 4-year-old boy
Authors: Menzies-Wilson Richard , Wong Gentle , Das Prodip 
Published: October 2019

We present a rare case of a four-year-old boy with a botyroid embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the right middle ear. Rhabdomyosarcoma is a soft tissue malignancy which is thought to originate from embryonic mesenchymal cells of striated skeletal muscle. It is a disease primarily of children and is exceptionally rare in parameningeal regions. The diagnosis is often delayed and easily misdiagnosed as aural polyp. Therefore, advanced disease is common at the time of diagnosis. A four-year-old boy presented with a four-month history of recurrent left ear blood and pus discharge, otalgia and fevers. He attended his GP three times and paediatric A&E 13 times where he received antibiotics for presumed otitis media and externa. He was eventually referred to the otolaryngology department and underwent an examination under anaesthesia of ear and excisional biopsy of a suspicious aural polyp. Staging chest CT and PET scan showed no loco-regional spread or distal metastasis. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated absence of invasion into adjacent organs. Histology confirmed embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, botryoid subtype. Subsequent to the initial excision of the polyp, he was started on an ifosfamine, vincristine and actinomycin (IVA) chemotherapy regime in three weekly cycles for nine cycles with concomitant radiotherapy. Two weeks subsequent to his first chemotherapy dose he presented with a House-Brackmann II-III facial nerve palsy but no other middle ear complications. He was started on intravenous antibiotics and dexamethasone. The facial nerve palsy incompletely resolved with treatment.
Patterns of lymphoma in Misan city, Iraq: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Alhilfi Haider Saadoon Qasim , Kassid Omer Mansib , Jihad Husam Jihad Imran , Alshewered Ahmed Salih Hussien 
Published: October 2019

Background: Lymphomas represent a biologically and clinically heterogeneous group of neoplasms. They have historically and clinically been divided into two groups, Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). This study aimed to identify patterns in lymphomas in Misan city, Iraq, and evaluate the characteristics of this disease. Methods: A retrospective, observational, single-center study was conducted at Al-Shifaa Oncology Center, Al-Sadder Teaching Hospital, Misan city, Iraq, between 1 April 2016 and 30 April 2018. A total of 80 Misanian participants (48 (60%) men and 32 (40%) women) who had lymphoma were involved in this study. The sources of information were patient files, histopathology reports, and patients’ oncologist reports. Results: The mean age (±SD) of participants was 36 ±12.8 years. The male to female ratio was 1.5:1. NHL cases were three times more prevalent than HL. The most frequent stage at presentation was stage IV, in 34 (42.5%) participants. The classical subtypes of HL were present in 14 (70%) of HL cases. The diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) subtype was the most common NHL subtype, being recorded for 44 (73.3%) of participants. Conclusion: Lymphomas were more frequent in men. NHL was more common than HL; one HL case was diagnosed for every three NHL cases. The most common histopathology of HL was mixed cellularity, while DLBCL was the most common subtype of NHL. Most cases presented at an advanced stage, resulting in a late diagnosis.
Von eisernen Ringen Neue Fragmente zu SM II 71 in der Jenaer Papyrussammlung
Authors: Colomo Daniela , Gerhardt Marius 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Editio princeps of three new papyrus fragments belonging to the University of Jena. They are part of the same roll as SM II 71, a magic handbook of the first century BC. An invocation possibly addressed to Hecate-Selene as part of an erotic spell appears in fr. a; fr. b seems to belong to a procedure in which iron rings are used. No physical join with any of the fragments already published can be established.
Zur Abstammung der akademischen Philosophen Melanthios von Rhodos und Metrodor von Stratonikeia (PHerc. 1021, Kol. 23,10–20)
Authors: Fleischer Kilian 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The article provides a new reading of a passage in a list of pupils of Carneades which can be found in Philodemus’ Index Academicorum (PHerc. 1021, col. 23,10-20). Several names of philosophers were mistakenly reconstructed by former editors and turn out to be gost names. Instead the fathers and ethnical origins of the prominent Academics Melanthius of Rhodes and Metrodorus of Stratonikea are mentioned in the papyrus.
Zu ptolemäischen Urkunden
Authors: Backhuys Thomas 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Notes on the text and interpretation of three documentary papyri: In P.NYU II 45, an official is asked to release a prisoner around harvest time in order that the crown may not loose revenues. The restoration of a line in BGU VIII 1876 adds another instance of the rare word παραχωρήσιμος. The subscription of P.Enteux. 14 is now entirely restored and some suggestions are made for a name in the σῶμα of the petition.
A Jewish Vizier and his Shīʿī Manifesto: Jews, Shīʿīs, and the Politicization of Confessional Identities in Mongol-ruled Iraq and Iran (13th to 14th centuries)
Authors: Brack Jonathan 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This paper seeks to situate Jewish individuals from the upper echelons of the Mongol government in Iran and Iraq (1258‒1335) in relation to the process of confessional, Sunnī-Shīʿī polarization. Focusing on the case of the Baghdadi Jewish physician and vizier Saʿd al-Dawla (d. 1291), I explore how the Jewish minister sought to take advantage of Twelver-Shīʿī rise to prominence under the Mongols. I argue that the vizier attempted to strike an alliance with the Shīʿī communities in Iraq and with influential Shīʿī families with long-established ties to the Mongol regime, in order to curtail resistance to his policies and to the Jewish dominance in the realm’s bureaucracy. I consider Saʿd al-Dawla’s endeavors within the broader historical context of Shīʿī-Jewish relations. The article concludes by examining the two decades following Saʿd al-Dawla’s downfall, when a group of eminent Jewish physicians at the Mongol court converted to Islam. I show how these converts continued to exploit the process of politicization of confessional identities under the Mongols.
Zur Diplomatik mamlūkischer Verwaltungsdokumente
Authors: Potthast Daniel 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Mamlūk chanceries followed elaborated specifications in writing official documents. Chancery manuals define these specifications, but it is often difficult to correlate their data to preserved original documents. Even an extensive works as al-Qalqashandī’s Ṣubḥ al-aʿshā lacks a consistent typology of chancery products that corresponds to preserved examples. This paper analyses all edited Mamlūk official documents – decrees, letters, reports, treaties, etc. – and tries to arrange them in a typology based on hierarchical relation between the document’s issuer and its recipient. For types, a model for their formularies and information on its paper’s measurements and layout are given. Despite the apparent uniformity of Mamlūk documents, we can show continuous developments in chancery practice, until the scribes established at the end of the 14th century fixed formularies that stayed in use until the Ottoman conquest.
Some unpublished Linear A documents from Khania
Authors: Hallager Erik , Andreadaki-Vlazaki Maria 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
During the years 2007 to 2014 a few more Linear A documents were discovered in excavations on the Kastelli Hill at Khania. From the Greek-Swedish- Danish Excavations three fragments of Linear A tablets were found as well as a possible un-inscribed roundel. Two of the Linear A tablets consisted only of two and three sign respectively while the third tablet, KH 104 consisted of three lines where the GRA sign (AB 120) was found in combination with another sign not previously attested in the Linear A corpus. The new roundel from the Greek Katre 1 Excavations, KH Wc 2124, is - with an inscription (AB 61) and seal impressions - well-known from Khania. It does, however, display a few unusual features both physically and in the execution of the sign. All the documents are likely to be of LM IB date, even though they were found in later contexts.
Synthesis and crystal structure of bis(2-(((4-(1-(ethoxyimino)ethyl)phenyl)imino)methyl)-5-fluorophenolato-κ2
N,O)zinc(II) - methanol (1/1), C33H32F2N4O4Zn
Authors: Zhao Ji-Xing 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
C33H32F2N4O5Zn, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 9.5132(5) Å, b = 13.0781(6) Å, c = 14.0448(6) Å, α = 63.0950(10)°, β = 73.5640(10)°, γ = 78.870(2)°, V = 1490.24(12) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0459, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1004, T = 173(2) K.