bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High Uptake of ReO4− and CO2 Conversion by a Radiation‐Resistant Thorium–Nickle [Th48Ni6] Nanocage‐Based Metal–Organic Framework
Authors: Xu Hang , Cao Chun‐Shuai , Hu Han‐Shi , Wang Shi‐Bin , Liu Jin‐Cheng , Cheng Peng , Kaltsoyannis Nikolas , Li Jun , Zhao Bin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAssembled from [Th48Ni6] nanocages, the first transition‐metal (TM)‐thorium metal–organic framework (MOF, 1) has been synthesized and structurally characterized. 1 exhibits high solvent and acid/base stability, and resistance to 400 kGy β irradiation. Notably, 1 captures ReO4− (an analogue of radioactive 99TcO4−, a key species in nuclear wastes) with a maximum capacity of 807 mg g−1, falling among the largest values known to date. Furthermore, 1 can enrich methylene blue (MB) and can also serve as an effective and recyclable catalyst for CO2 fixation with epoxides; there is no significant loss of catalytic activity after 10 cycles. Theoretical studies with nucleus‐independent chemical shifts and natural bond orbital analysis reveal that the [Th6O8] clusters in 1 have a unique stable electronic structure with (d–p)π aromaticity, partially rationalising 1′s stability.
Modification of Phenolic Compounds and Volatile Profiles of Chemlali Variety Olive Oil in Response to Foliar Biofertilization
Authors: Dabbaghi Olfa , Tekaya Meriem , Flamini Guido , Zouari Imen , El‐Gharbi Sinda , M'barki Naouraz , Laabidi Foued , Cheheb Hechmi , Attia Faouzi , Aïachi Mezghani Mouna , Hammami Mohamed , Mechri Beligh 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe main objective of this work was to study the effects of foliar biofertilizers on individual volatile profiles and phenolic compounds of olive oil (Olea europaea L. cv. Chemlali). Three foliar biofertilizers were used in two successive application seasons: T1 (rich in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium); T2 (rich in calcium); and T3 (application of both T1 and T2). Results showed that foliar fertilization with T2 increased the phenolic compound contents (e.g., oleuropein aglycone and decarboxymethyl ligstroside aglycone) of Chemlali olive oil. It also enhanced the levels of many volatile compounds responsible for the good flavor of olive oil such as hexanal. However, T1‐tested fertilizer led to a significant decrease in the content of phenolic compounds, although they seemed to improve significantly the levels of the majority of volatile compounds, especially hexanal. Based on these results, a significant relationship between plant nutrition and quality of oil was observed. Our results demonstrated a potential positive influence on the concentration of sensory quality compounds under T2 (Ca2+‐based fertilizer). This result should be considered in the design of foliar nutrient application management strategies for olive trees.
Effect of ultraviolet‐A radiation on surface structure, thermal, and mechanical and electrical properties of liquid silicone rubber
Authors: Lin Ying , Yin Fanghui , Liu Yuhao , Wang Liming , Zhao Yunfeng , Farzaneh Masoud 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTLiquid silicone rubber (LSR) products outdoors are often subjected to high intensity of ultraviolet (UV)‐A radiation. However, the influence of UV‐A radiation on LSR is rarely studied. To study the influence of UV‐A radiation on LSR, the surface of LSR with UV‐A aging time was characterized by tests at different detection depths [X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)]. The operation properties (thermal stability and mechanical and electrical properties) for outdoor insulators were also analyzed. It was found that the porous surface and the loose layer of LSR increased, but the growth rate of them decreased as UV‐A aging time increased. SiO2 fillers were lost in the surface. CH bonds in CH3 and CH3 in SiCH3 increased with aging time. The increased crosslinking density increased the thermal stability, hardness, dielectric loss tangent, relative dielectric constant, and volume resistivity and decreased elongation‐at‐break. The mechanical strength initially increased and then decreased. Based on the proposed aging mechanism, the UV‐A resistance of LSR can be improved by reducing the amount of hydrogen‐containing silicone oil and by increasing the molecular weight of raw rubber. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47652.
Stochastic distribution synchronization and pinning control for complex heterogeneous dynamical networks
Authors: Wang Guoqiang , Ji Jinchen , Zhou Jin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis paper investigates the stochastic synchronization and pinning control in the sense of probability distribution for a general model of complex heterogeneous dynamical networks subjected to stochastic disturbances. Some generic stochastic synchronization criteria are established for both cases of undirected and directed topology by using the ergodic theory on stochastic dynamical systems. Compared with most existing studies on the stochastic synchronization in the sense of mean square, it is demonstrated that the concept of stochastic distribution synchronization can well characterize the realistic structure and essential nature of complex practical stochastic systems. Subsequently, two representative examples of complex heterogeneous dynamical networks, namely coupled stochastic Duffing oscillators and coupled FitzHugh‐Nagumo neuron oscillators, are given to illustrate and numerically verify the theoretical results.
A course‐based undergraduate research experience in biochemistry that is suitable for students with various levels of preparedness
Authors: Shelby Shameka J. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDue to resource limitations at predominantly undergraduate institutions, research opportunities for non‐senior students can be limited. To provide opportunities for a variety of students to gain exposure to research, a course‐based undergraduate research experience (CURE) was designed and conducted. Coupled inquiry was used to allow underclassmen and upperclassmen to participate. Students first utilized a bioinformatics approach to develop hypotheses concerning protein interactions with the receptor Mer tyrosine kinase (MERTK). Students designed experiments to identify specific sites of interactions with SH2‐domain proteins utilizing an assortment of basic biochemical techniques. The semester culminated in students testing their hypotheses and producing manuscripts. Underclassmen that participated in the course also benefitted from mentor–mentee relationships developed with upperclassmen due to the collaborative nature of the course. The structure of the course also allows for further studies to be conducted based on novel findings and is highly adaptable to receptor tyrosine kinases found in other tissue types. © 2019 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 47(3):220–227, 2019.
Visual requirement for Chinese reading with normal vision
Authors: Wang Chen‐Xiao , Lin Na , Guo Ying‐Xuan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectivesReading performance has been considered as an effective functional endpoint for low vision. Contrary to many extensive studies for reading performance in English, there are few systematic studies for Chinese reading.MethodsIn the present study, the reading performance of 30 normally sighted Chinese college students was systematically investigated. All participants passed the equivalent test of Cambridge ESOL PET in China. The reading speeds for Chinese and English text at a variety of text sizes were measured with rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP). The threshold acuities for Chinese characters and English letters were measured. Maximum reading speed, critical font size, and critical acuity reserve were derived according to the individual's reading speed curve.ResultsThe maximum reading speed for Chinese characters was 259.5 ± 38.2 characters/min, which was significantly faster than that for English letters (135.7 ± 18.5 words/min, p = 2.8 × 10‐18). The critical font size for Chinese characters was larger than that for English letters (24.2 ± 2.8 arcmin vs. 20.7 ± 1.0 arcmin, p = 1.6 × 10‐7). Interestingly, the critical acuity reserve was similar for these two languages (3.4 ± 0.4 for Chinese and 3.4 ± 0.2 for English, p = 0.4).ConclusionThe present study provides the first step for establishing visual functional endpoints for Chinese reading. Our findings pose rigorous constrains on present theories in language information processing and brain plasticity.
Guanosine Nucleolipids: Synthesis, Characterization, Aggregation and X‐Ray Crystallographic Identification of Electricity‐Conducting G‐Ribbons
Authors: Reuter Hans , van Bodegraven Anna Maria , Bender Eugenia , Knies Christine , Diek Nadine , Beginn Uwe , Hammerbacher Katharina , Schneider Vanessa , Kinscherf Ralf , Bonaterra Gabriel A. , Svajda Rainer , Rosemeyer Helmut 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe lipophilization of β‐d‐riboguanosine (1) with various symmetric as well as asymmetric ketones is described (→3a–3f). The formation of the corresponding O‐2′,3′‐ketals is accompanied by the appearance of various fluorescent by‐products which were isolated chromatographically as mixtures and tentatively analyzed by ESI‐MS spectrometry. The mainly formed guanosine nucleolipids were isolated and characterized by elemental analyses, 1H‐, 13C‐NMR and UV spectroscopy. For a drug profiling, static topological polar surface areas as well as 10logPOW values were calculated by an increment‐based method as well as experimentally for the systems 1‐octanol‐H2O and cyclohexane‐H2O. The guanosine‐O‐2′,3′‐ketal derivatives 3b and 3a could be crystallized in (D6)DMSO – the latter after one year of standing at ambient temperature. X‐ray analysis revealed the formation of self‐assembled ribbons consisting of two structurally similar 3b nucleolipid conformers as well as integrated (D6)DMSO molecules. In the case of 3a ⋅ DMSO, the ribbon is formed by a single type of guanosine nucleolipid molecules. The crystalline material 3b ⋅ DMSO was further analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and temperature‐dependent polarization microscopy. Crystallization was also performed on interdigitated electrodes (Au, distance, 5 μm) and visualized by scanning electron microscopy. Resistance and amperage measurements clearly demonstrate that the electrode‐bridging 3b crystals are electrically conducting. All O‐2′,3′‐guanosine ketals were tested on their cytostatic/cytotoxic activity towards phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate (PMA)‐differentiated human THP‐1 macrophages as well as against human astrocytoma/oligodendroglioma GOS‐3 cells and against rat malignant neuroectodermal BT4Ca cells.
Characterization of a novel folic acid‐fortified ready‐to‐eat parboiled rice
Authors: Wahengbam Elizabeth D. , Green Brian D. , Hazarika Manuj K. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackground and objectivesA low‐amylose rice, chokuwa, known for yielding no‐cooking rice on parboiling, is subjected to brown rice parboiling. During the soaking step, brown rice was soaked in aqueous solutions of folic acid (FA) at five different concentrations (0.25–4.0 g/L). FA‐fortified parboiled rice was milled for 30 and 60 s and investigated for the effects of FA fortification and milling on product characteristics.FindingsFolic acid content in the unmilled fortified product was as high as 1.091 g/kg for FA concentration in soak water of 4.0 g/L. On rehydration for 25 min at 60°C, different products soften to hardness values of 152–172 g. A V‐type diffraction pattern was observed. Fortification improved the pasting properties, and a slight increase in yellowness was observed. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed an O–H bond stretching at the band range of 3,000–3,600 cm−1, and a very small peak at the band range of 1,740–1,750 cm−1 which was attributed to C=O bond stretching.ConclusionsFortification elevated the total FA content in the parboiled product. The product retained its no‐cooking characteristics, and textural and physicochemical properties remain favorable with slight yellowing effects upon FA fortification.Significance and noveltyThe study suggests the approach as a pragmatic way to obtain FA‐fortified ready‐to‐eat rice to combat FA deficiency among needy people.
Deactivation of Methanation Catalyst (Ru/C) Under Supercritical Water by Deposition of Non‐Volatile Organics: First Insights Into Deposition Patterns and Chemical Properties
Authors: Bjelić Saša , Gasser Urs , Alxneit Ivo , Vogel Frédéric 
Published: February 2019

AbstractCatalytic hydrothermal gasification (HTG) of organic matter over ruthenium nanoparticles supported on high surface area carbon poses the best catalytic system up to date for selective production of methane. The deactivation mechanisms of such catalysts have been partially explored focusing on sulfur poisoning and deactivation by nanoparticle sintering. Here we use small‐angle neutron scattering (SANS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer−Emmett−Teller (BET) together with ultrahigh‐pressure liquid chromatography coupled with hyphenated high‐resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐HRMS) as an analytical strategy for investigation of catalyst's deactivation by fouling. The obtained results shade light on the morphological and chemical characteristics of catalyst deactivation by organic fouling in supercritical water. Moreover, the washing of the partially deactivated catalyst using a mixture of organic solvents results in full activity reconstruction of the catalyst.
A Lead Carboxylate‐Azolate Metal‐Organic Framework Based on Hexanuclear Clusters: Luminescence and Accelerating the Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate
Authors: Liu Ge , Wu Shuo , Hou Lei , Lu Yu‐Ke , Yang Qi , Wang Yao‐Yu 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA lead carboxylate–azolate framework, [Pb3(μ4‐O)(L)2(H2O)] ⋅ 2H2O (1), has been constructed from the reaction of 2‐methyl‐4‐(1H‐tetrazol‐5‐yl) benzoic acid (H2L) and Pb(NO3)2 under solvothermal conditions. Compound 1 contains an unprecedented hexanuclear cluster [Pb6(μ4‐O)2(COO)4(CN4)2], which as an 8‐connected node is connected by 3‐connected L linkers to give rise to a three‐dimensional framework with an uncommon (3,8)‐connected tfz‐d; UO3 topology. Framework 1 possesses strong solid‐state yellow luminescence (563 nm), which stems from ligand‐to‐metal charge transfer (LMCT), however, the removal of water molecules in 1 lead to the significant luminescent decrease of the sample. Importantly, in the presence of 1, the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate is significantly accelerated.
Strengthening competence of therapists‐in‐training in the treatment of health anxiety (hypochondriasis): Validation of the Assessment of Core CBT Skills (ACCS)
Authors: Kühne Franziska , Lacki Fiona Janina , Muse Kate , Weck Florian 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAlthough the observation and assessment of psychotherapeutic competences are central to training, supervision, patient care, quality control, and life‐long practice, structured instruments are used only occasionally. In the current study, an observation‐based tool for the Assessment of Core CBT Skills (ACCS) was translated into German and adapted, and its psychometric properties were pilot evaluated. Competence of therapists‐in‐training was assessed in a random sample of n = 30 videos on cognitive behavioural therapy including patients diagnosed with hypochondriasis. Two of three raters independently assessed the competences demonstrated in the entire, active treatment sessions (n = 60). In our sample, internal consistency was excellent, and interrater reliability was good. Convergent validity (Cognitive Therapy Scale) and discriminant validity (Helping Alliance Questionnaire) were within the expected ranges. The ACCS total score did not significantly predict the reduction of symptoms of hypochondriasis, and a one‐factorial structure of the instrument was found. By providing multiple opportunities for feedback, self‐reflection, and supervision, the ACCS may complement current tools for the assessment of psychotherapeutic competences and importantly support competence‐based training and supervision.
Utility of Sry‐Related HMG‐Box Gene 10 (SOX10) as a marker of melanoma in effusion cytology
Authors: Dermawan Josephine Kam Tai , Underwood Dawn , Policarpio‐Nicolas Maria Luisa 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundThe cytodiagnosis of melanoma in effusions can be challenging. Although immunohistochemical (IHC) stains such as HMB45, Melan A, and S‐100 are often utilized; the role of Sry‐related HMG‐box gene 10 (SOX10) in the diagnosis of melanoma in effusions has not been previously reported.MethodsA total of 14 confirmed melanoma cases diagnosed on effusion cytology (nine pleural and five peritoneal) were collected from 2000 to 2016. IHC stain for SOX10 was performed and compared with HMB45, Melan A, and S‐100. To evaluate the specificity of SOX10, we stained 47 previously diagnosed nonmelanocytic malignant effusions. A cut‐off of >1 positively staining cells was considered positive. The intensity of staining was graded as weak, moderate, and strong.ResultsAll 14 melanoma cases were positive for SOX10 and HMB45 (100%), compared to 12 cases (86%) using Melan A and S‐100. Among 47 previously diagnosed nonmelanocytic malignant effusions (4 malignant mesotheliomas, 12 müllerian tumors, 9 breast carcinomas, 9 lung adenocarcinomas, and 13 hematologic tumors), SOX10 and HMB45 showed a specificity of 98%, whereas Melan A and S100 had a specificity of 100%.ConclusionsThe sensitivity of SOX10 for melanoma in effusions is comparable with HMB45 with a 100% sensitivity. In terms of staining intensity, HMB45 appeared to be superior as it showed 100% moderate to strong intensity compared to 72% for SOX10. All four markers showed near‐100% specificity in differentiating melanoma from nonmelanocytic malignant effusions. A combination of HMB45 and SOX10 might be useful as the initial stains of choice in diagnosing melanoma in effusion cytology.
Matriline effects on metamorphic traits in a natural system in the European common frog (Rana temporaria)
Authors: Dittrich Carolin , Huster Juliane , Rödel Mark‐Oliver , Feldhaar Heike 
Published: February 2019

AbstractSuccessful reproduction is an important determinant of the fitness of an individual and of the dynamics of populations. Offspring of the European common frog (Rana temporaria) exhibit a high degree of variability in metamorphic traits. However, environmental factors alone cannot explain this phenotypic variability, and the influence of genetic factors remains to be determined. Here, we tested whether the maternal genotype influences developmental time, body size, and body condition of offspring in a forest pond in Germany. We collected fertilized eggs from all 57 clutches deposited in the pond. We used multilocus genotypes based on seven microsatellite loci to assign metamorphosed offspring to mothers and to determine the number of fathers for a single matriline. We tested the influence of genetic effects in the same environment by comparing variability of metamorphic traits within and between full‐sib offspring grouped to matrilines and tested whether multiple paternity increases the variability of metamorphic traits in a single matriline. The variability in size and body condition was higher within matrilines than between them, which indicates that these traits are more strongly influenced by environmental effects, which are counteracting underlying genetic effects. The developmental time varied considerably between matrilines and variability increased with the effective number of fathers, suggesting an additive genetic effect of multiple paternity. Our results show that metamorphic traits are shaped by environmental as well as genetic effects.
Exposure to cannabinoids can lead to persistent cognitive and psychiatric disorders
Authors: Krebs Marie‐Odile , Kebir Oussama , Jay Therese M. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundCannabinoids are proposed in a wide array of medical indications. Yet, the evaluation of adverse effects in controlled clinical studies, following the evidence‐based model, has partly been bypassed. On the other hand, studies on the consequences of recreational use of cannabis and experimental studies bring some insights on the potential long‐term consequences of cannabinoids use.ResultsEpidemiological studies have consistently demonstrated that cannabis use is associated with a risk of persistent cognitive deficits and increased risk of schizophrenia‐like psychoses. These risks are modulated by the dose and duration of use, on top of age of use and genetic factors, including partially shared genetic predisposition with schizophrenia. Experimental studies in healthy humans showed that cannabis and its principal psychoactive component, the delta‐9‐tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), could produce transient, dose‐dependent, psychotic symptoms as well as cognitive effects, which can be attenuated by cannabidiol (CBD). Studies in rodents have confirmed these effects and shown that adolescent exposure results in structural changes and impaired synaptic plasticity, impacting fronto‐limbic systems that are critically involved in higher brain functions. The endocannabinoid system plays an important role in brain maturation. Its over‐activation by cannabinoid receptor type 1 agonists (e.g., THC) during adolescence and the resulting changes in neuroplasticity could alter brain maturation and cause long‐lasting changes that persist in the adult brain.ConclusionsExposure to cannabinoids can have long‐term impact on the brain, with an inter‐individual variability that could be conveyed by personal and family history of psychiatric disorders and genetic background. Adolescence and early adulthood are critical periods of vulnerability.SignificanceThe assessment of benefice–risk balance of medical use of cannabis and cannabinoids needs to carefully explore populations that could be more at‐risk of psychiatric and cognitive complications.
Neurophysiology and genetics of burning mouth syndrome
Authors: Kolkka Marina , Forssell Heli , Virtanen Arja , Puhakka Antti , Pesonen Ullamari , Jääskeläinen Satu K. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackground and aimsNeuropathic mechanisms are involved in burning mouth syndrome (BMS), and variation of the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) gene contributes to experimental pain perception. We investigated whether neurophysiologic findings differ in BMS patients compared to healthy controls, and whether 957C>T polymorphism of the DRD2 gene influences thermal sensitivity or pain experience in BMS.MethodsForty‐five BMS patients (43 women), mean age 62.5 years, and 32 healthy controls (30 women), mean age 64.8 years, participated. Patients estimated pain intensity, interference, suffering and sleep with Numeric Rating Scale. Blink reflex tests of the supraorbital (SON), mental (MN) and lingual (LN) nerves, and thermal quantitative sensory testing were done. The results were analysed with ANOVA. DRD2 gene 957C>T polymorphism was determined in 31 patients, and its effects on neurophysiologic and clinical variables were analysed.ResultsCool (p = 0.0090) and warm detection thresholds (p = 0.0229) of the tongue were higher in BMS patients than controls. The stimulation threshold for SON BR was higher in patients than in controls (p = 0.0056). The latencies of R2 component were longer in BMS patients than in controls (p = 0.0005) at the SON distribution. Habituation of SON BR did not differ between the groups. The heat pain thresholds were highest (p = 0.0312) in homozygous patients with 957TT, who also reported most interference (p = 0.0352) and greatest suffering (p = 0.0341). Genotype 957CC associated with sleep disturbances (p = 0.0254).ConclusionsBurning mouth syndrome patients showed thermal hypoesthesia within LN distribution compatible with small fibre neuropathy. The DRD2 957C>T genotype influences perception and experience of BMS pain.SignificanceThe results confirm earlier findings of neuropathic pain in BMS. The DRD2 957 C>T genotype influences perception and experience of clinical pain in BMS.