bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Code-Switching in Highly Proficient Spanish/English Bilingual Adults: Impact on Masked Word Recognition
Authors: García Paula B. , Leibold Lori , Buss Emily , Calandruccio Lauren , Rodriguez Barbara 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of code-switching on Spanish/English bilingual listeners' speech recognition of English and Spanish words in the presence of competing speech-shaped noise.

Method

Participants were Spanish/English bilingual adults (
N
= 27) who were highly proficient in both languages. Target stimuli were English and Spanish words presented in speech-shaped noise at a −14-dB signal-to-noise ratio. There were 4 target conditions: (a) English only, (b) Spanish only, (c) mixed English, and (d) mixed Spanish. In the mixed-English condition, 75% of the words were in English, whereas 25% of the words were in Spanish. The percentages were reversed in the mixed-Spanish condition.

Results
Accuracy was poorer for the majority (75%) and minority (25%) languages in both mixed-language conditions compared with the corresponding single-language conditions. Results of a follow-up experiment suggest that this finding cannot be explained in terms of an increase in the number of possible response alternatives for each picture in the mixed-language condition relative to the single-language condition.

Conclusions
Results suggest a cost of language mixing on speech perception when bilingual listeners alternate between languages in noisy environments. In addition, the cost of code-switching on speech recognition in noise was similar for both languages in this group of highly proficient Spanish/English bilingual speakers. Differences in response-set size could not account for the poorer results in the mixed-language conditions.
Anharmonicity and the infrared emission spectrum of highly excited polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Authors: Chen Tao , Mackie Cameron , Candian Alessandra , Lee Timothy J. , Tielens Alexander G. G. M. 
Published: August 2018

Aims. Infrared (IR) spectroscopy is a powerful tool to study molecules in space. A key issue in such analyses is understanding the effect that temperature and anharmonicity have on different vibrational bands, and thus interpreting the IR spectra for molecules under various conditions.
Methods. We combined second order vibrational perturbation theory and the Wang-Landau random walk technique to produce accurate IR spectra of highly excited polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. We fully incorporated anharmonic effects, such as resonances, overtones, combination bands, and temperature effects.
Results. The results are validated against experimental results for the pyrene molecule (C16H10). In terms of positions, widths, and relative intensities of the vibrational bands, our calculated spectra are in excellent agreement with gas-phase experimental data.
Endoscopic biliary stenting: indications, choice of stents, and results: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Clinical Guideline – Updated October 2017
Authors: Dumonceau Jean-Marc , Tringali Andrea , Papanikolaou Ioannis , Blero Daniel , Mangiavillano Benedetto , Schmidt Arthur , Vanbiervliet Geoffroy , Costamagna Guido , Devière Jacques , García-Cano Jesús , Gyökeres Tibor , Hassan Cesare , Prat Frédéric , Siersema Peter , van Hooft Jeanin 
Published: August 2018

Main RecommendationsESGE recommends against routine preoperative biliary drainage in patients with malignant extrahepatic biliary obstruction; preoperative biliary drainage should be reserved for patients with cholangitis, severe symptomatic jaundice (e. g., intense pruritus), or delayed surgery, or for before neoadjuvant chemotherapy in jaundiced patients. Strong recommendation, moderate quality evidence. ESGE recommends the endoscopic placement of a 10-mm diameter self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) for preoperative biliary drainage of malignant extrahepatic biliary obstruction. Strong recommendation, moderate quality evidence.ESGE recommends SEMS insertion for palliative drainage of of extrahepatic malignant biliary obstruction. Strong recommendation, high quality evidence. ESGE recommends against the insertion of uncovered SEMS for the drainage of extrahepatic biliary obstruction of unconfirmed etiology. Strong recommendation, low quality evidence. ESGE suggests against routine preoperative biliary drainage in patients with malignant hilar obstruction. Weak recommendation, low quality evidence.ESGE recommends uncovered SEMSs for palliative drainage of malignant hilar obstruction. Strong recommendation, moderate quality evidence.ESGE recommends temporary insertion of multiple plastic stents or of a fully covered SEMS for treatment of benign biliary strictures. Strong recommendation, moderate quality evidence.ESGE recommends endoscopic placement of plastic stent(s) to treat bile duct leaks that are not due to transection of the common bile duct or common hepatic duct. Strong recommendation, moderate quality evidence.
Osteoarthropathien und Myopathien bei Schilddrüsenerkrankungen
Authors: Nehls Volker 
Published: August 2018

AbstractTriiodothyronine (T3) is a key regulator of bone, muscle and articular cartilage. Musculoskeletal symptoms of hyperthyroidism include loss of bone mass finally leading to osteoporosis and weakness of the skeletal musculature. Hypothyroidism on the other side frequently leads to muscle stiffness and cramping and, occasionally, results in rhabdomyolysis. To prevent terminal differentiation of chondrocytes with consecutive cartilage degeneration, cartilage probably depends on exact regulation of local T3 availability by the intracellular deiodinase system. Recent findings underline the importance of local T3 generation by deiodinase type 2 and support the existence of local hypo- or hyperthyroidism.In the review, the implications of the recent literature for current understanding of osteoarthritis, myopathies and diabetic osteoarthropathy will be discussed. Further emphasis will be placed on the association of autoimmune thyroiditis with musculoskeletal diseases and fibromyalgia.
Personal Problems Questionnaire (PPQ): Normative Data and Utility in Assessing Acquired Neurological Impairment
Authors: van den Broek Martin D , Monaci Linda , Smith Jared G 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Objective
The Personal Problems Questionnaire (PPQ) is a measure designed to assess acquired cognitive, emotional, and physical complaints. The present study sought to develop a normative database to allow clinicians and researchers to assess self-reported complaints among people with disabilities, and evaluate the response consistency and validity of their self-report.

Method
404 community-dwelling participants (n 200 males, 204 females) completed the PPQ, as well as an acquired brain injury (ABI) group (n 59), mainly following stroke and traumatic brain injuries, and seen for clinical (i.e., non-forensic) evaluations. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to derive norms from the healthy community sample taking into account age, gender, and educational level.

Results
Normative T scores and cut-off points for the Clinical and Validity scales were derived, respectively, and used to assess the responses of the ABI group. The results indicated that the ABI group showed good response consistency and elevated scores on the Clinical scales, indicating that the PPQ is likely to be useful in detecting acquired disabilities. On the other hand, scores on the Validity scales were not elevated, indicating that the measures were unaffected by the ABI participants’ cognitive difficulties.

Conclusions
The PPQ provides a comprehensive assessment of complaints and response validity and the present study provides further data to assist with its use and interpretation.
Twenty years of bioinformatics research for protease-specific substrate and cleavage site prediction: a comprehensive revisit and benchmarking of existing methods
Authors: Li Fuyi , Wang Yanan , Li Chen , Marquez-Lago Tatiana T , Leier André , Rawlings Neil D , Haffari Gholamreza , Revote Jerico , Akutsu Tatsuya , Chou Kuo-Chen , Purcell Anthony W , Pike Robert N , Webb Geoffrey I , Ian Smith A , Lithgow Trevor , Daly Roger J , Whisstock James C , Song Jiangning 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe roles of proteolytic cleavage have been intensively investigated and discussed during the past two decades. This irreversible chemical process has been frequently reported to influence a number of crucial biological processes (BPs), such as cell cycle, protein regulation and inflammation. A number of advanced studies have been published aiming at deciphering the mechanisms of proteolytic cleavage. Given its significance and the large number of functionally enriched substrates targeted by specific proteases, many computational approaches have been established for accurate prediction of protease-specific substrates and their cleavage sites. Consequently, there is an urgent need to systematically assess the state-of-the-art computational approaches for protease-specific cleavage site prediction to further advance the existing methodologies and to improve the prediction performance. With this goal in mind, in this article, we carefully evaluated a total of 19 computational methods (including 8 scoring function-based methods and 11 machine learning-based methods) in terms of their underlying algorithm, calculated features, performance evaluation and software usability. Then, extensive independent tests were performed to assess the robustness and scalability of the reviewed methods using our carefully prepared independent test data sets with 3641 cleavage sites (specific to 10 proteases). The comparative experimental results demonstrate that PROSPERous is the most accurate generic method for predicting eight protease-specific cleavage sites, while GPS-CCD and LabCaS outperformed other predictors for calpain-specific cleavage sites. Based on our review, we then outlined some potential ways to improve the prediction performance and ease the computational burden by applying ensemble learning, deep learning, positive unlabeled learning and parallel and distributed computing techniques. We anticipate that our study will serve as a practical and useful guide for interested readers to further advance next-generation bioinformatics tools for protease-specific cleavage site prediction.
Binding site matching in rational drug design: algorithms and applications
Authors: Naderi Misagh , Lemoine Jeffrey Mitchell , Govindaraj Rajiv Gandhi , Kana Omar Zade , Feinstein Wei Pan , Brylinski Michal 
Published: August 2018

AbstractInteractions between proteins and small molecules are critical for biological functions. These interactions often occur in small cavities within protein structures, known as ligand-binding pockets. Understanding the physicochemical qualities of binding pockets is essential to improve not only our basic knowledge of biological systems, but also drug development procedures. In order to quantify similarities among pockets in terms of their geometries and chemical properties, either bound ligands can be compared to one another or binding sites can be matched directly. Both perspectives routinely take advantage of computational methods including various techniques to represent and compare small molecules as well as local protein structures. In this review, we survey 12 tools widely used to match pockets. These methods are divided into five categories based on the algorithm implemented to construct binding-site alignments. In addition to the comprehensive analysis of their algorithms, test sets and the performance of each method are described. We also discuss general pharmacological applications of computational pocket matching in drug repurposing, polypharmacology and side effects. Reflecting on the importance of these techniques in drug discovery, in the end, we elaborate on the development of more accurate meta-predictors, the incorporation of protein flexibility and the integration of powerful artificial intelligence technologies such as deep learning.
Differences in the Associations Between Memory Complaints and Depressive Symptoms Among Black and White Older Adults
Authors: Hill Nikki L , Mogle Jacqueline , Bhargava Sakshi , Whitaker Emily , Bhang Iris , Capuano Ana W , Arvanitakis Zoe , Bennett David A , Barnes Lisa L 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Objective
To test whether race (specifically Black or White) moderates the relationship between memory complaints and depressive symptoms in cognitively normal older adults, and if these relationships vary by memory complaint characteristics.

Methods
Data from Black (n = 551) and White (n = 1,158) cognitively intact participants (Mage = 77.1, SD = 7.5; 76.6% female) in the Minority Aging Research Study and the Rush Memory and Aging Project were used. Participants completed annual clinical evaluations, including the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale and two memory complaint questions, over periods of up to 18 years. Ordinal mixed effects models were used to examine within-person relationships between memory complaints and depressive symptoms over time, as well as whether race moderated these associations.

Results
Reports of greater memory change over time were associated with more depressive symptoms for both Black and White older adults. However, reports of greater frequency of memory problems were related to depressive symptoms for Black older adults only.

Conclusion
Findings suggest differential associations between memory complaints and depressive symptoms in cognitively normal Black and White older adults and call for future research to examine the influence of race and related factors on memory complaints and depressive symptoms.
Stability analysis for complicated sampled-data systems via descriptor remodelling
Authors: Zhou Jun , Gao Ketian , Lu Xinbiao 
Published: August 2018

AbstractA new stability analysis technique is developed in this paper for complicated sampled-data systems with both analogue and digital controllers, by frequency-domain equivalence in the continuous-time sense and time-delayed descriptor (or singular) state-space realization remodelling. The technique is independent of the lifting technique and thus employs neither structural nor spectral features of any discrete-time transfer functions of continuous-time plants. The suggested criteria are stated with frequency-domain conditions, involving neither open-loop unstable poles nor contour/locus-orientation-related encirclements counting. The criteria are implementable graphically with locus plotting or numerically tractable without locus plotting. The descriptor remodelling advantages are further exploited in surmounting infinite dimensionality and structural/spectral features unavailability in multi-rate and time-delayed sampled-data systems. Numerical examples are included to illustrate the main results.
Multilinear Estimates for Calderón Commutators
Authors: Lai Xudong 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate the multilinear boundedness properties of the higher ($n$-th) order Calderón commutator for dimensions larger than two. We establish all multilinear endpoint estimates for the target space $L^{\frac{d}{d+n},\infty }(\mathbb{R}^d)$, including that Calderón commutator maps the product of Lorentz spaces $L^{d,1}(\mathbb{R}^d)\times \cdots \times L^{d,1}(\mathbb{R}^d)\times L^1(\mathbb{R}^d)$ to $L^{\frac{d}{d+n},\infty }(\mathbb{R}^d)$, which is the higher dimensional nontrivial generalization of the endpoint estimate that the $n$-th order Calderón commutator maps $L^{1}(\mathbb{R})\times \cdots \times L^{1}(\mathbb{R})\times L^1(\mathbb{R})$ to $L^{\frac{1}{1+n},\infty }(\mathbb{R})$. When considering the target space $L^{r}(\mathbb{R}^d)$ with $r&lt;\frac{d}{d+n}$, some counterexamples are given to show that these multilinear estimates may not hold. The method in the present paper seems to have a wide range of applications and it can be applied to establish the similar results for Calderón commutator with a rough homogeneous kernel.
Effectiveness of adherence to recommended clinical examinations of diabetic patients in preventing diabetes-related hospitalizations
Authors: Corrao Giovanni , Rea Federico , Di Martino Mirko , Lallo Adele , Davoli Marina , DlE PlALMA Rossana , Belotti Laura , Merlino Luca , Pisanti Paola , Lispi Lucia , Skrami Edlira , Carle Flavia ,   the working group ‘Monitoring and assessing diagnostic-therapeutic paths’ of the Italian Heath Ministry
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Objective
To validate a set of indicators for quality of diabetes care through their relationship with measurable clinical outcomes.

Design
A retrospective cohort study was carried out from 2010 to 2015.

Setting
Population-based study. Data were retrieved from healthcare utilization databases of three Italian regions (Lombardy, Emilia Romagna and Lazio) on the whole covering 20 million citizens.

Participants
The 77 285 individuals who were newly taken in care for diabetes during 2010 entered into the cohort.

Interventions
Exposure to selected clinical recommendations (i.e. periodic controls for glycated hemoglobin, lipid profile, urine albumin excretion, serum creatinine and dilated eye exams) was recorded.

Main outcomes measures
A composite outcome was employed taking into account hospitalizations for brief-term diabetes complications, uncontrolled diabetes, long-term vascular outcomes and no traumatic lower limb amputation. A multivariable proportional hazards model was fitted to estimate hazard ratio, and 95% confidence intervals (CI), for the exposure-outcome association.

Results
Among the newly taken in care patients with diabetes, those who adhered to almost none (0 or 1), just some (2 or 3) or almost all (4 or 5) recommendations during the first year after diagnosis were 44%, 36% and 20%, respectively. Compared patients who adhered to almost none recommendation, significant risk reductions of 16% (95% CI, 6–24%) and 20% (7–28%) were observed for those who adhered to just some and almost all recommendations, respectively.

Conclusions
Tight control of patients with diabetes through regular clinical examinations must to be considered the cornerstone of national guidance, national audits and quality improvement incentives schemes.
Kidney size in relation to ageing, gender, renal function, birthweight and chronic kidney disease risk factors in a general population
Authors: Piras Doloretta , Masala Marco , Delitala Alessandro , Urru Silvana A M , Curreli Nicolò , Balaci Lenuta , Ferreli Liana P , Loi Francesco , Atzeni Alice , Cabiddu Gianfranca , Racugno Walter , Ventura Laura , Zoledziewska Magdalena , Steri Maristella , Fiorillo Edoardo , Pilia Maria G , Schlessinger David , Cucca Francesco , Rule Andrew D , Pani Antonello 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe relationship of kidney size to ageing, kidney function and kidney disease risk factors is not fully understood.MethodsUltrasound length and parenchymal kidney volume were determined from a population-based sample of 3972 Sardinians (age range 18–100 years). We then identified the subset of 2256 ‘healthy’ subjects to define age- and sex-specific reference ranges (2.5–97.5 percentile) of kidney volume. Logistic regression (accounting for family clustering) was used to identify the clinical characteristics associated with abnormally large kidneys or abnormally small kidneys.ResultsIn the healthy subset, kidney volume and length increased up to the fourth to fifth decade of life followed by a progressive decrease in men, whereas there was a gradual kidney volume decrease throughout the lifespan of women. In the whole sample, independent predictors of lower kidney volume (&lt;2.5 percentile for age and sex) were male sex, low body mass index, short height, low waist:hip ratio and high serum creatinine (SCr); the independent predictors of larger kidney volume (&gt;97.5 percentile for age and sex) were younger age, female sex, diabetes, obesity, high height, high waist:hip ratio and lower SCr. Estimated heritability for kidney volume was 15%, and for length 27%; kidney volume correlated strongly with birthweight.ConclusionsOverall, in a general healthy population, kidney measures declined with age differently in men and women. The determinants of kidney parenchymal volume include genetic factors and modifiable clinical factors.
Voxel-wise radiogenomic mapping of tumor location with key molecular alterations in patients with glioma
Authors: Tejada Neyra Miguel Angel , Neuberger Ulf , Reinhardt Annekathrin , Brugnara Gianluca , Bonekamp David , Sill Martin , Wick Antje , Jones David T W , Radbruch Alexander , Unterberg Andreas , Debus Jürgen , Heiland Sabine , Schlemmer Heinz-Peter , Herold-Mende Christel , Pfister Stefan , von Deimling Andreas , Wick Wolfgang , Capper David , Bendszus Martin , Kickingereder Philipp 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Background
This study aims to evaluate the impact of tumor location on key molecular alterations on a single voxel level in patients with newly diagnosed glioma.

Methods
A consecutive series of n = 237 patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma and n = 131 patients with lower-grade glioma was analyzed. Volumetric tumor segmentation was performed on preoperative MRI with a semi-automated approach and images were registered to the standard Montreal Neurological Institute 152 space. Using a voxel-based lesion symptom mapping (VLSM) analysis, we identified specific brain regions that were associated with tumor-specific molecular alterations. We assessed a predefined set of n = 17 molecular characteristics in the glioblastoma cohort and n = 2 molecular characteristics in the lower-grade glioma cohort. Permutation adjustment (n = 1000 iterations) was used to correct for multiple testing, and voxel t-values that were greater than the t-value in >95% of the permutations were retained in the VLSM results (α = 0.05, power > 0.8).

Results
Tumor location predilection for isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutant tumors was found in both glioblastoma and lower-grade glioma cohorts, each showing a concordant predominance in the frontal lobe adjacent to the rostral extension of the lateral ventricles (permutation-adjusted P = 0.021 for the glioblastoma and 0.013 for the lower-grade glioma cohort). Apart from that, the VLSM analysis did not reveal a significant association of the tumor location with any other key molecular alteration in both cohorts (permutation-adjusted P > 0.05 each).

Conclusion
Our study highlights the unique properties of IDH mutations and underpins the hypothesis that the rostral extension of the lateral ventricles is a potential location for the cell of origin in IDH-mutant gliomas.