bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postsurgical Approaches in Low-Grade Oligodendroglioma: Is Chemotherapy Alone Still an Option?
Authors: Franceschi Enrico , Tosoni Alicia , De Biase Dario , Lamberti Giuseppe , Danieli Daniela , Pizzolitto Stefano , Zunarelli Elena , Visani Michela , Di Oto Enrico , Mura Antonella , Minichillo Santino , Scafati Chiara , Asioli Sofia , Paccapelo Alexandro , Bartolini Stefania , Brandes Alba A. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Background
Patients with low-grade gliomas (LGGs) with isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation (mut) and 1p19q codeletion (codel) have a median overall survival of longer than 10 years. The aim of this study is to assess the role of postsurgical treatments.

Subjects, Materials, and Methods
We evaluated patients with LGGs with IDH mut and 1p19q codel; IDH1/2 was performed by immunohistochemistry and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In all wild-type cases, we performed next-generation sequencing. 1p19 codel analysis was performed by fluorescence in situ hybridization.

Results
Among the 679 patients, 93 with LGGs with IDH mutation and 1p19q codel were included. Median follow-up (FU) was 96.1 months. Eighty-four patients (90.3%) were high risk according to Radiation Therapy Oncology Group criteria. After surgery, 50 patients (53.7%) received only FU, 17 (18.3%) chemotherapy (CT), and 26 (30.1%) radiotherapy (RT) with (RT + CT, 8 patients, 8.6%) or without (RT, 18 patients, 19.4%) chemotherapy. Median progression-free survival (mPFS) was 46.3 months, 50.8 months, 103.6 months, and 120.2 months in patients with FU alone, with CT alone, with RT alone, or with RT + CT, respectively. Median PFS was significantly longer in patients who received postsurgical treatment (79.5 months, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 66.4–92.7) than patients who received FU (46.3 months, 95% CI: 36.0–56.5). Moreover, mPFS was longer in patients who received RT (alone or in combination with CT, n = 26, 113.8 months, 95% CI: 57.2–170.5) than those who did not (n = 67, 47.3 months, 95% CI: 36.4–58.2). In particular, temozolomide alone did not improve PFS with respect to FU.

Conclusion
RT with or without chemotherapy, but not temozolomide alone, could extend PFS in IDH mut 1p19q codel LGGs.
Крупный бизнес в путинской России: старые и новые источники влияния на власть
Authors: Матвеев Илья Александрович 
Published: February 2019

Илья Александрович Матвеев – кандидат политических наук, доцент, факультет сравнительных политических исследований, Северо-Западный институт управления РАНХиГС. Адрес: 199178, Санкт-Петербург, Средний пр. В.О., д. 57/43. E-mail: matveev.ilya@yahoo.com
Цитирование: Матвеев И.А. (2019) Крупный бизнес в путинской России: старые и новые источники влияния на власть // Мир России. Т. 28. № 1. С. 54–74. DOI: 10.17323/1811-038X-2019-28-1-54-74
В научной литературе преобладает точка зрения, согласно которой российский крупный бизнес в путинский период оказался полностью подчинен власти, что выражается, в частности, в полном запрете на поддержку оппозиции и принудительном финансировании важных для государства проектов. Однако стремительный рост числа российских миллиардеров и их совокупного состояния в 2000–2010-е годы указывает на формирование в России политической и институциональной среды, благоприятной для крупного бизнеса. В настоящей статье утверждается, что картина политического влияния крупных собственников остается неполной без учета таких факторов, как структурная власть бизнеса (зависимость государства от экономических решений, принимаемых крупными компаниями), информационная асимметрия между государством и  капиталом (преимущество крупных компаний в области информации и экспертизы), а  также инструментальная власть бизнеса (формальные и неформальные каналы влияния). Если в 1990-е годы российский крупный бизнес обладал крайне высокой инструментальной, но низкой структурной властью, то в 2000-е и 2010-е годы на первый план выходит именно структурная зависимость государства от капитала: руководство страны проводит политику, выгодную крупным собственникам, с целью поддержать уровень инвестиций и экономического роста. В то же время у крупного бизнеса появляются новые каналы неформального влияния на власть, такие как сближение с бизнесменами из путинского ближнего круга. Согласно собранной в рамках исследования информации из открытых источников, 9 из 96 миллиардеров из российского рейтинга Forbes за 2017 год имеют или имели в прошлом широкие деловые связи с четырьмя близкими к В.В. Путину бизнесменами. Все эти факторы позволяют российскому крупному бизнесу играть активную, а не подчиненную роль в отношениях с государством.
Network meta-analysis: a comparison of effectiveness and safety of partial agonists of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors varenicline and cytisine for smoking cessation
Authors: Radchenko Elena V. , Sykhovskaya Olga A. , Galankin Timofey L. , Kolbin Aleksei S. , Smirnova Maria A. 
Published: February 2019

Background. Partial agonists of α4b2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are the most effective treatment strategy for tobacco smoking cessation. They are able to alleviate withdrawal symptoms and to reduce smoking satisfaction.
The aim of this study was to review the efficacy and safety of nicotinic receptor partial agonists varenicline and cytisine, for smoking cessation.
Methods. A search for randomized controlled trials was done using the terms (“cytisine”, “tabex”, “varenicline” or 'partial agonists of nicotinic receptors’) in MEDLINE, EMBASE, eLibrary in May 2018. Types of participants, the doses and duration of the treatments, efficacy and safety parameters, quality of randomization and blinding procedures were evaluated. Bayesian network meta-analysis was performed.
Results. Cytisine overcame placebo in the 12, 24 and 52 weeks of therapy with the following odds ratios (ORs) for abstinence: 3.3 (95% CrI 1.8–5.8), 3.9 (2.4–6.7), 3.8 (CrI 1.3–11,9) accordingly. Varenicline in 2 mg/day dose overcame placebo in the 12, 24 and 52 weeks of therapy with the ORs: 4.0 (3.3–4.7), 3.1 (2.5–3.7), 2.9 (2.2–4.1) accor dingly. Varenicline in 1 mg/day dose overcame placebo in 12 and 52 weeks of therapy, the ORs were 3.0 (2.0–4.7) and 2.3 (1.3–4.4) accordingly. Varenicline in 0.5 mg/day dose overcame placebo in 12 weeks of therapy only with the OR 2.4 (1.3–4.4). Cytisine and varenicline 2 mg/day were associated with more gastrointestinal disturbances than placebo with the ORs 6.2 (2.1–22.8) and 2.4 (2.0–2.8) accordingly. Cytisine and varenicline 2 mg/day were associated with more psychiatric problems than placebo with ORs 5.2 (1.9–15.1) and 1.6 (1.3–1.9) accordingly. There was no difference in serious adverse events between the investigated drugs and placebo: OR for cytisine was 2.4 (0.8–6.8), varenicline 0.5 mg/day – 2.0 (0.5–6.6), varenicline 1.0 mg/day – 1.0 (0.3–2.7), varenicline 2 mg/day – 1.0 (0.7–1.4).
Conclusion. Cytisine was proved to be as effective and safe aid for smoking cessation as varenicline.
Percutaneous transolecranon pinning and lateral pinning Vs lateral pinning in displaced supracondylar fractures of humerus in children: an observative study
Authors: Jindal Ramesh Chand , Singh Manjeet , Sandhu H. S. , Bal Gurwinder Singh , Ratna Harish V. K. , Chawla Jasneet S. 
Published: February 2019

Background: Supracondylar fracture (humerus) is type of extra-articular fracture occurring in the distal metaphyseal site of humerus. It is almost exclusively a fracture of the immature skeleton, seen in children and young teenagers. Fractures around the elbow are a great challenge to orthopaedic surgeons. Clinical diagnosis may be difficult due to noncooperative patient and massive swelling around the elbow. Displaced type of supracondylar fractures poses problem not only in reduction but also in maintenance of reduced fracture and rapid inclusion of nerves and vessels.Methods: The present study was conducted on 30 cases of displaced supracondylar fracture humerus in children, aged 2-14 years, who were treated by CRPP with either lateral entry of k-wires or a lateral wire and a vertical wire through olecranon (transolecranon).Results: Both the Groups achieved 90% satisfactory results, but 10% unsatisfactory results recorded in Group A only rather than in Group B.Conclusions: Although the transolecranon wire has the disadvantage of limiting the flexion and extension of the elbow, this does not influence the final-outcome much as the elbow is fixed in a POP splint for minimum 3 weeks-in all patients in both groups.
Transnasal endoscopic removal of intra-orbital metallic foreign body
Authors: Ratnakar Shetty Neeraj , Mukund Panjiyar Megha 
Published: February 2019

<p class="abstract">Nasal endoscopic surgeries are a highly rewarding subgroup of otorhinolaryngological procedures. Endoscopic sinus surgeries are commonly performed and endoscopic orbital and optic nerve decompressions are performed routinely in specialized centres. We would like to present a case of endoscopic transnasal removal of intra orbital foreign body which was in situ for 2 months with the aid of a C-arm for on table imaging.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>
Novel Gadis Pantai Karya Pramoedya Ananta Toer
Authors: Windiyarti Dara 
Published: February 2019

The purpose of this study was to describe the objectification of women in the Gadis Pantai novel work Pramoedya Ananta Toer, published in 2007. The theory used in this research is feminist about gender differences. The data collection was done by using literature. The method used to analyze data is descriptive analysis.This discussion resulted in the following points. First, the social stratification of society that social class of the nobility (flag) and grassroots groups (the majority), creates the relation between women as objects and men as subjects. Second, the weak role of women in society and the family, facilitate the ongoing objectification of women. Third, the objectification of women has always led to the violence that makes women find it difficult to rise..

Keywords: gender, women, objectification
PRINSIP KESANTUNAN DAN PRINSIP KERJA SAMA DALAM KOMUNIKASI DI ULASAN PRODUK PADA MARKETPLACE
Authors: Suharijadi Didik 
Published: February 2019

This article discusses the Indonesian language used in online business communication. The object of research is devoted to online businesses through the marketplace. Marketplace is an online platform or system that mediates transactions between sellers and buyers. Marketplace has a means of communicating between the seller and the buyer which consists of product description pages, product discussion pages, product review pages, and personal message pages. Of the four communication facilities, only the product description page, product discussion page and product review page can be accessed by the public. Personal message pages can only be accessed by account owners who are communicating with other account owners. The rules for doing business through the marketplace, one of which is the necessity to communicate through the messaging tools available on the platform. Thus, communication can only be done with written variety. Language is very important in offering, attracting interest, responding, and retaining customers. In fact, not all marketplace users look at language usage so that it can be pragmatically considered offensive or likely to interfere with the continuity of business interactions. Analysis is emphasized more on the language of the seller, because in the business the buyer is the party that must be served. The sample of this study is Tokopedia and Bukalapak. The two marketplaces are the largest online business media in Indonesia.
Keywords: pragmatics, business communication, marketplace, online business, business language
MITOS RADHIN SAGHÂRÂ DALAM KAJIAN STRUKTURALISME LEVI-STRAUSS
Authors: Angelina Dewi 
Published: February 2019

Levi-Strauss's the theory of structuralism is used as an analytical model to interpret the myth of Radhin Sahgârâ. Using this theory, there are two steps to analyze the structure of the myth. The first step, to find mytheme-mytheme in myth.In the second step, there are some figures who have an important role in the life of the community at that time, and it influenced some Madurese beliefs today. The role of Kè Polèng for Madurese, especially in Pamekasan area is a mantra for traditional healing media.Kè Polèng is believed the character that adapted the Bima's character. So, the batik craftsmen call the batik with the black-and-white characteristic as Bâtè’ Polèng. Besides, the other example that related with the myth of Radhin Saghârâis a prohibition for the fisherman to catch andkill the dolphin. The belief that is still practiced by the Madurese is a form of sacred tribute to the myths in Madura.

Keyword: myth, Madurese culture, Levi-Strauss’ Structuralism.
Ketika Alam dan Perempuan Lembah Baliem Diperkosa oleh Antroposentrisme Kapitalis:Kajian Ekofeminisme dalam Novel Tanah Tabu
Authors: Solichin Moh. Badrus 
Published: February 2019

This research was conducted to investigate capitalistic anthropocentrism to nature and woman in Tanah Tabu. Here, Freeport is an actor of capitalistic anthropocentrism while Baliem Valley and female character in Tanah Tabu are representatives of exploited objects.
By analysis, the theory of ecofeminism by Vandana Shiva is used here to answer the questions of the research. Therefore, the implication is to study act of capitalistic anthropocentrism of Freeport examined based on the purpose of western colonialism (United Stated of America) that came to Papua by developing mining industry. In the process, the mining industry run by capitalist faced the problem being tried to solve by using modern science and spirit of developing civilization as an effort to cover their act. In this case, ecofeminism shows role of women in struggling their exploited home (nature). This fact appears from relationship between women’s domestic life and nature that cannot be vanished.
The discussion results in this study is firstly, the character of capitalistic anthropocentrism by Freeport is known from their motives in developing civilization by modern science, modernism toward conservatism, and colonialism. Secondly, ecofeminism puts female character Tanah Tabu in dualism of role; as a victim and a fighter against capitalistic anthropocentrism. Lastly, the reason why the female character is presented here is because ecofeminism views nature is as a woman who is pregnant and delivers life.
Keywords: capitalistic anthropocentrism, ecofeminism, nature, woman, Baliem Valley (Papua).
Utak Atik Kata Tokoh dalam Novel Negri perempuan
Authors: Arbain Armini 
Published: February 2019

Language is upstream for the literary work. In literature, language is not only a means of communication but also a means to express aestethic. To maintain the aestethic, theauthorusing several form connotative, emotive, and aesthetic language. A famous author in West Sumatra, Wisran Hadi, in his novel entitled Negeri Perempuan expresses language creativity in naming the characters. Each name of the character in the novel has themeaningwhich related to the character it represents. Moreover, it also associated with the background of the work of the cultural background of Minangkabau culture. This research aims to discusslanguage creativity and social conditions of Minangkabau culture represent in the novel.
Keywords: Compound, name, character, meaning, social culture
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP, DAN BUDAYA DENGAN PERILAKU PENGGUNAAN AIR SUNGAI (Studi Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Martapura 2)
Authors: Monica Sharah 
Published: February 2019

Diarrhea is one of the most common infectious diseases. It has related three factors such ass environment, food and contact with an infected person. One of the environmental factor of diarrhea is the domestic water use behavior. The main objective of this study was to analyse the relation between knowledge, atitude and habit to domestic water use behavior in Martapura 2 Public Health Center, work area Pasayangan Selatan Village, sub-district of Martapura, Banjar, South Kalimantan Province. Case control study design was used in this study. The population of the study were all diarrhea patients in Martapura 2 Public Health Center work area from february 2017 until february 2018. The Lemeshow was used to determine research sample size. The study sample consisted of 45 case diarrhea patients and 45 control non diarrhea patient. Samples were taken from all eligible cases and controls on specified inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data will analysed use Chi Square. Based on the results of this study comparing between case group and control group, most of the respondents in the case group have knowledge in poor knowledege was 25 people (55.6%) and the control group in good knowledge that was 35 people (77.8) with Chi Square, all p < 0,001. Attitudes of respondents in the case group were in the not good category is 26 people (58.0%) and control group in good category that was 32 people (71,1%) with (p value 0,000 in case and control 0,004). Utilitation habit respondents in the case group were in the non-existent category of 26 persons (57.8%) and the control group in the category of no 37 people (82.2%) with (p value in case 0.006 and control 0.000). Conclusively, the variable of knowledge, attitude and habit have very significant relation on the group of case and control.
Bazı Tarım Bitkileri Kullanılarak Arıtma Çamurundan Kurşun Kirliliğinin Şelat Destekli Fitoremediasyon Yöntemiyle Giderilmesi
Authors: KILIÇ Dudu Duygu , İPEK Aslıhan 
Published: February 2019

Fitoremediasyon, toprak, yer altı, yer
üstü sularının hatta havadaki kirleticilerin ortadan elemine edilmesinde
bitkilerin kullanıldığı bir yöntemdir.
Bu çalışmada, Allium cepa L. (soğan), Chenopodium quinoa Willd.
(kinoa) ve Brassica napus L.(kanola)
türleri kullanılarak arıtma çamurundan Pb elementinin fitoremediasyon yöntemi
ile temizlenmesi araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca fitoremediasyon kapasitesini arttırmak
üzere kompleks yapıcı şelat ilave edilip, bitkilerin element giderim
performanslarındaki değişimler gözlenmiştir. Ağır metal gideriminde şelat
desteği olarak EDTA, hümik asit, 1-10 fenantrolin, nitro ve pridin
kullanılmıştır. Tolerans İndeksi (Tİ) değerleri incelendiğinde şelat ilavesinin
bitkilerin gelişimi ve kuru ağırlık miktarlarında değişikliğe neden olduğu
tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada bitkilerin kök, gövde ve
yapraklarında ağır metal biriktirme miktarları incelenmiş ve türlerin
köklerinde biriktirmenin daha fazla olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Özellikle hümik
asit, EDTA ve nitro şelatının kullanıldığı deneme saksılarında ağır metal
biriktirme miktarı daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Taşıma Faktörü (TF) değerleri incelendiğinde EDTA,
hümik asit, piridin ve 1-10
feontralin şelatında A. cepa&gt;C. quinoa&gt; B. napus, nitro şelatında ise C. quinoa&gt; A. cepa&gt;B. napus bulunmuştur. En etkili birikim
ise A.cepa ve C. quinoa türlerinde gerçekleşmiştir. Hiperakümülatör olarak bilinen B. napus nitro, piridin ve
1-10 fenantrolin şelatları eklendiği zaman bu özelliğini
göstermediği belirlenmiştir. Türlerin Pb elementini köklerde biriktirme ve üst organlara
taşımasının şelat ekleme ile arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Buna göre, ağır metal
alımını artırmak için hümik asit, EDTA ve nitro kullanılabileceğini
göstermektedir.
Potential use of oil palm trunk starch as coagulant and coagulant aid in semi-aerobic landfill leachate treatment
Authors: Yusoff Mohd Suffian , Aziz Hamidi Abdul , Alazaiza Motasem Y. D. , Rui Lo Ming 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Landfill leachate is highly polluted wastewater and generated as a result of water infiltration through solid waste produced domestically and industrially. This study investigates the potential use of oil palm trunk starch (OPTS) and crosslinks oil palm trunk starch (C-OPTS) as coagulant and coagulant aid in tandem with polyaluminum chloride (PAC) for the treatment of landfill leachate. As primary coagulant, the optimum pH and dosage for OPTC were 7 and 500 mg/L, respectively. For C-OPTS, the optimum conditions were pH 8.3 and 1,000 mg/L C-OPTS dosage. However, the optimum conditions for PAC were pH 7 and 8,000 mg/L PAC dosage. Results show that OPTS demonstrated superior feasibility as a selective coagulant targeting heavy metals such as Mn (100% removal), Cu (95.6% removal), Zn (100% removal), and PO43− (100% removal), whereas C-OPTS can be employed as both bulk and selective coagulants. On the other hand, C-OPTS prevailed over PAC in Mn, Zn, PO43−, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removals by huge margins of 100%, 54.8%, 24.3%, and 17.1%, respectively, without any pH adjustments and with optimum dosage 87.5% lower than that of PAC.
Harmonization Problems of the education systems indicators in the BriCs Countries
Authors: Yampolskaya D. , Korneeva A. , Cai H. , Campolina B. 
Published: February 2019

The conditions for the development of modern states are impossible without cooperation and integration with other states in various socio-economic areas. The formation and protection of an alternative position in the world by a number of countries led to the creation of the BRICS association. Participation in this association is of great importance for Russia in a variety of fields. One of the promising areas of cooperation is the sphere of education in all its aspects, ranging from preschool education to the attainment of various degrees and titles. This article addresses the issue of coordination of the BRICS countries in the field of education.The basis for determining the indicators of the education systems and the principles of their comparison was the similar data from the international organizations UNESCO, OECD and Eurostat. As a result of studying the principles of collecting statistical data and methodological materials for comparing the education sector indicators in these international organizations, a certain vision of the database of the BRICS countries has been set. On the one hand, this base should not contradict international practice; on the other hand, the chosen indicators should be used by all countries of the BRICS association. Following this study, a proposal on the principles of information collection was made, as well as a proposal on the main indicators for education indicators comparison in the BRICS countries.The basis for cooperation between the education systems is a harmonized system of concepts and definitions, which allows unambiguous interpretation of such fundamental terms as education, educational program, educational institution, student, entrant, acceptance for study programs, graduates, graduations, personnel of educational institutions, expenses for education, etc.In parallel with the harmonization of the education system terminology, it is necessary to harmonize statistical indicators that can quantify the education system at all levels. As arule, observation units of education statistics are institutions that provide educational services at all levels of education to both individuals and legal entities.