bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of structural, dielectric properties of ZnFe2O4: effect of thermal annealing
Authors: Modak S S , Parmar C , Verma R , Reddy V R , Kane S N 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We report structural, dielectric properties of sol-gel auto-combustion-synthesized ZnFe2O4 nano-ferrites (grain-size: 53.43 - 64.81 nm), and study the effect of thermal annealing on structural dielectric properties by X-ray diffraction (XRD), dielectric measurements. Results show that thermal-annealing shows: i) an increase of lattice parameter (aexp.), and on B-site: there is an increase of Zn2+ population with concurrent decrease of Fe3+ ions, ii) alterations of inversion-degree from 0.18 to 0.32, strengthening of A-O-B, A-O-A interactions, accompanied by a weakening of B-O-B super-exchange-interaction, iii) decrease of theoretical magnetization at 0 K (Ms(th)), iv) with increasing frequency, real-imaginary components (ε', ε'') of dielectric constant, and loss-tangent decreases, v) that at higher frequencies, ac conductivity (σac) shows a significant increase and exhibited a power law dependence, suggesting a typical of charge transport assisted by a hopping or tunneling processes. Results also reveal that polarizability strength decrease with annealing temperature, and correlated-barrier-hopping remains the dominant mechanism for conduction. Cole-Cole plots (ε', ε''), corresponding complex impedance (Z', Z'') data are indicative of the growing influence of grain boundaries on the dielectric properties for the studied samples. Observed improved-response of σac, recommends the potential-applications of the studied samples in high-frequency device applications.
Comparison of Hardness by Electrolytic and Electroless Deposition of Nickel on Aluminium
Authors: Chanda Mrinmoy , Kar Avik , Banerjee Sathi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The work deals with the hardness characteristic of substrates coated with nickel through two primary methods: electrolytic deposition and electroless Ni-P deposition. The optimised process parameters for both the process was determined by varying a particular parameter keeping the rest constant in order to obtain minimum crystallite size of Ni. The size of the crystallite were determined using Scherrer’s equation. The optimized combination of process parameter for electrolytic deposition is: 270gm/lt of Nickel Sulfate, 60gm/lt Nickel Chloride, 35gm/lt Boric Acid, current density of 90mA/cm2 bath temperature of 55°C. The optimized combination of process parameter for electroless Ni-P deposition: 34gm/lt Nickel Sulfate, 23 gm/lt Sodium Hypophosphite, 46 gm/lt of Lactic acid, 42 gm/lt of Sodium Citrate, pH 5.0 and bath temperature 85°C. The optimised deposition rate 22μm/hr. Micro-hardness (Vickers) tests were conducted on the coated samples with a 50 gf load. The cause for difference in hardness was due to buildup of residual stress during deposition of Nickel on the substrate(aluminium). The orientation and surface texture of the materials are determined.
Enhancing Anti-Blast Capabilities of Pipelines with High-Performance Composite CFRP Laminate: Computational Fluid Dynamics-Based Predictive Analysis
Authors: Saifi Farman , Javaid Mohd , Haleem Abid , Anas S. M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Recent explosions highlighted the need for a thorough investigation to understand the impact of these explosions on critical infrastructural systems and networks like pipelines. This paper provides an essential understanding for developing safety protocols and interventions, strengthening resilience, enhancing public safety, mitigating socio-economic consequences, and ensuring sustained progress. Shallow buried conduits, crucial for transporting water, oil, and gas over long distances, face explosion risks due to conflicts, sabotage, terrorism, corrosion, and accidental damage. Recent blast incidents in San Francisco and Lagos underscore the devastating effects of conduit malfunctions, necessitating rigorous safety measures and technological innovations. In this research, an empty pipeline measuring 26.20 mm in thickness and subjected to a detonation initiated upon its uppermost surface is emulated, utilising the sophisticated computational capabilities of Abaqus software, integrating principles of computational fluid dynamics. Following a meticulous validation process achieved via mesh refinement analysis, the study expands to scrutinise two additional detonation scenarios — positioned above and below the pipe’s surface — while adhering to a steadfast standoff distance of 25mm. The primary objective of this scholarly endeavour is to ameliorate the deleterious repercussions inflicted upon the conduit by explosive forces, envisioning a scenario where deformation occurs without immediate rupture. To this end, a 0.15 mm thick and 200mm wide laminate composed of composite CFRP with 0°/90° fibre orientation is strategically affixed onto the upper half segment of each pipe model at the impacted region, serving as a fortification measure aimed at bolstering areas of susceptibility and potentially diminishing the magnitude of ensuing blast-induced impairment. Comparative analysis of the pipe’s performance, both with and without the applied laminate, is meticulously conducted to discern the effectiveness of this intervention. The results demonstrate a significant reduction in plastic damage with the utilisation of laminate, with models integrating CFRP experiencing an average decrease of approximately 39.94% compared to those without it. It highlights the efficacy of CFRP in protecting pipeline structural integrity against blast events.
Robust PID control of a two-rotor aerodynamical system with decoupling
Authors: Markovski Asparuh 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this work, robust PID design via μ synthesis for controlling a MIMO two-rotor aerodynamic system manufactured by the Polish company Inteco is presented. The controller consists of a decoupling system and two PID controllers. The aim is to demonstrate an approach enabling further fine-tuning based on an already synthesized controller structure. Tools from Robust Control Toolbox in MATLAB are used. The PIDs are constructed as tunablePID objects, and the decoupler is also tunable and has the preset structure of a static gain matrix (tunableGain) or dynamic state-space system with a given number of states (tunableSS). The model contains some parameters with structured uncertainty. Several variants of the controller with a fixed structure have been created, and their performance has been tested by simulation and on the laboratory set-up.
Forecasting of the Event-driven Processes Using LSTM Network in the Context of Time of Arrival of On-demand City Transport
Authors: Marchev Angel , Lomev Boyan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The precise forecasting of bus arrival times is an important element of implementing on demand city transport. This research uses of Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) networks for predicting bus arrival times in Sofia, Bulgaria. We evaluate the LSTM model against advanced models such as ARIMAX, VARX SARIMAX with Fourier terms Vector Autoregression, Bayesian Fourier models and Backpropagation Neural Networks using Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) as the performance measure. The results points towards LSTM being better than approaches on routes by adeptly capturing intricate temporal relationships showcasing its promise in dynamic urban transit settings. Moreover the Bayesian Fourier model excels across routes underscoring its ability to accommodate trends effectively. These results suggest that incorporating LSTM networks into on demand transportation systems can notably enhance arrival time forecasts ultimately benefiting passengers and operational efficiency. This study demonstrates the usefulness of machine learning methods in urban transport planning and management by demonstrating how LSTM networks can improve optimization, on demand transportation.
Direct and inverse kinematics solutions of a particular type of 3-PSP parallel manipulator
Authors: Enev Stanislav 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this paper, the direct and inverse kinematics problems for a particular type of 3-DOF, 3-PSP parallel manipulator are considered. The proposed direct kinematics solution is based on an existing one in the literature, but with an alternative, simplified second stage in the solution’s formulation. An explicit analytical solution of the inverse kinematics problem is also proposed for one of the manipulator’s operational modes, requiring one pass through the direct kinematics solution. The proposed solutions can be seamlessly extended to the inverted parallel structure.
The Two-Wheeled Robot: Experimental Evaluation of Two Controllers
Authors: Slavov Tsonyo N. , Kralev Jordan K. , Petkov Petko H. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this paper we present the theoretical and experimental comparison of two digital controllers intended for stabilization of a two-wheeled robot. The properties of an LQG controller and an LQR controller with H
∞ filter are evaluated. Using the μ-analysis, we show that both controllers ensure robust stability of the closed-loop system in the presence of unstructured uncertainty. The results from the closed-loop system experimental evaluation confirm the precise work of both controllers.
Early detection of liver disease in patients with alcohol use disorder improves long-term abstinence
Authors: Orgill Amelia , Jew Michael H , Soltani Maryam , Deioma Ann , Grant Meghan , Patton Heather M , Hsu Cynthia L 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Aims
Excessive alcohol consumption is a major global health concern, contributing to millions of deaths annually and a significant proportion of cirrhosis cases; however, standardized protocols for early identification of alcohol-associated liver disease are lacking. In this retrospective cohort study, we aimed to understand the prevalence and risk factors associated with elevated liver stiffness measurement (LSM) in high-risk patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and identify variables associated with longitudinal abstinence and outcomes.

Methods
Veterans with severe AUD without known liver disease admitted to a 35-day residential substance use treatment program were offered liver health screening, including Fibroscan evaluation. Assessment of AUD severity and liver health outcomes were evaluated longitudinally by chart review.

Results and Conclusions
In a cohort of 257 veterans with severe AUD admitted to residential treatment, 185 underwent Fibroscan evaluation, and 22 were identified to have elevated LSM concerning for compensated advanced chronic liver disease. Patients with elevated LSM were more likely to remain abstinent after 1 year. About 41% of patients with LSM ≥ 10 kPa (5% of all screened patients) were confirmed to have cirrhosis on follow-up and incorporated into routine hepatology care. Screening of liver disease in high-risk populations with non-invasive imaging modalities provides an opportunity to identify patients at risk for compensated advanced chronic liver disease before decompensation. Identification of increased risk for advanced chronic liver disease may promote abstinence in patients with severe AUD. Collaboration between mental health professionals and hepatologists is critical for the integration of care for patients with AUD and liver disease.
Graphlet-based hyperbolic embeddings capture evolutionary dynamics in genetic networks
Authors: Windels Sam F L , Tello Velasco Daniel , Rotkevich Mikhail , Malod-Dognin Noël , Pržulj Nataša 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Motivation
Spatial Analysis of Functional Enrichment (SAFE) is a popular tool for biologists to investigate the functional organization of biological networks via highly intuitive 2D functional maps. To create these maps, SAFE uses Spring embedding to project a given network into a 2D space in which nodes connected in the network are near each other in space. However, many biological networks are scale-free, containing highly connected hub nodes. Because Spring embedding fails to separate hub nodes, it provides uninformative embeddings that resemble a ‘hairball’. In addition, Spring embedding only captures direct node connectivity in the network and does not consider higher-order node wiring patterns, which are best captured by graphlets, small, connected, nonisomorphic, induced subgraphs. The scale-free structure of biological networks is hypothesized to stem from an underlying low-dimensional hyperbolic geometry, which novel hyperbolic embedding methods try to uncover. These include coalescent embedding, which projects a network onto a 2D disk.

Results
To better capture the functional organization of scale-free biological networks, whilst also going beyond simple direct connectivity patterns, we introduce Graphlet Coalescent (GraCoal) embedding, which embeds nodes nearby on a disk if they frequently co-occur on a given graphlet together. We use GraCoal to extend SAFE-based network analysis. Through SAFE-enabled enrichment analysis, we show that GraCoal outperforms graphlet-based Spring embedding in capturing the functional organization of the genetic interaction networks of fruit fly, budding yeast, fission yeast and Escherichia coli. We show that depending on the underlying graphlet, GraCoal embeddings capture different topology-function relationships. We show that triangle-based GraCoal embedding captures functional redundancies between paralogs.

Availability and implementation
https://gitlab.bsc.es/swindels/gracoal_embedding.
ENKIE: a package for predicting enzyme kinetic parameter values and their uncertainties
Authors: Gollub Mattia G , Backes Thierry , Kaltenbach Hans-Michael , Stelling Jörg 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Motivation
Relating metabolite and enzyme abundances to metabolic fluxes requires reaction kinetics, core elements of dynamic and enzyme cost models. However, kinetic parameters have been measured only for a fraction of all known enzymes, and the reliability of the available values is unknown.

Results
The ENzyme KInetics Estimator (ENKIE) uses Bayesian Multilevel Models to predict value and uncertainty of KM and kcat parameters. Our models use five categorical predictors and achieve prediction performances comparable to deep learning approaches that use sequence and structure information. They provide calibrated uncertainty predictions and interpretable insights into the main sources of uncertainty. We expect our tool to simplify the construction of priors for Bayesian kinetic models of metabolism.

Availability and implementation
Code and Python package are available at https://gitlab.com/csb.ethz/enkie and https://pypi.org/project/enkie/.
Antigen-specific T-cell frequency and phenotype mirrors disease activity in DRB1*04:04+ rheumatoid arthritis patients
Authors: Rims Cliff , Uchtenhagen Hannes , Brooks Kadin , Ng Bernard , Posso Sylvia E , Carlin Jeffrey , Kwok William W , Buckner Jane H , James Eddie A 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with high-risk HLA class II alleles known as the “RA shared epitope.” Among prevalent shared epitope alleles, study of DRB1*04:04 has been limited. To define relevant epitopes, we identified citrullinated peptide sequences from synovial antigens that were predicted to bind to HLA-DRB1*04:04 and utilized a systematic approach to confirm their binding and assess their recognition by CD4 T cells. After confirming the immunogenicity of 13 peptides derived from aggrecan, cartilage intermediate layer protein (CILP), α-enolase, vimentin, and fibrinogen, we assessed their recognition by T cells from a synovial tissue sample, observing measurable responses to 8 of the 13 peptides. We then implemented a multicolor tetramer panel to evaluate the frequency and phenotype of antigen-specific CD4 T cells in individuals with anti-citrullinated protein antibody-positive RA and controls. In subjects with RA, CILP-specific T-cell frequencies were significantly higher than those of other antigens. The surface phenotypes exhibited by antigen-specific T cells were heterogeneous, but Th1-like and Th2-like cells predominated. Stratifying based on disease status and activity, antigen-specific T cells were more frequent and most strongly polarized in RA subjects with high disease activity. In total, these findings identify novel citrullinated epitopes that can be used to interrogate antigen-specific CD4 T cells and show that antigen-specific T-cell frequency is elevated in subjects with high disease activity.
Antioxidation and rheological modification of polylactide by gallic acid at chain end and stereocomplex formation
Authors: Katayama Shuga , Oura Maho , Chan Clement Matthew , Halley Peter , Yoshida Shosuke , Chanthaset Nalinthip , Ajiro Hiroharu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study offers a novel approach that enables both the functionalization of degradable polymers and the modification of polymer properties during processing and use. Degradable polylactide was copolymerized with polyethylene glycol, with the aim to facilitate processing and blending by heating. Moreover, L,L- and D,D-lactide were employed for possible stereocomplexation, with the aim to enhance physical properties during use after processing. Additionally, gallic acid was introduced at both chain ends, which exhibited antioxidant properties as functionalization.
Long-term Dynamics of Measles Virus–Specific Neutralizing Antibodies in Children Vaccinated Before 12 Months of Age
Authors: van der Staak Maaike , ten Hulscher Hinke I , Nicolaie Alina M , Smits Gaby P , de Swart Rik L , de Wit Jelle , Rots Nynke Y , van Binnendijk Robert S 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Measles is a highly contagious disease, presenting a significant risk for unvaccinated infants and adults. Measles vaccination under the age of 12 months provides early protection but has also been associated with blunting of antibody responses to subsequent measles vaccinations and assumed to have lower vaccine effectiveness.

Methods
Our study included children who received an early measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccination between 6 and 12 months of age (n = 79, given in addition to the regular MMR vaccination schedule at 14 months and 9 years) and a group without additional early vaccination (n = 44). We evaluated measles virus (MeV)–specific neutralizing antibodies before vaccination at 14 months and up to 6 years thereafter using a plaque reduction neutralization test according to the standard set by the World Health Organization.

Results
We found a significant association between age of first MMR and MeV-specific neutralizing antibody levels later in life. Although most children who received early vaccination seroconverted after the first dose, children vaccinated before 8.5 months of age exhibited a markedly faster antibody decay and lost their protective neutralizing antibody levels over 6 years.

Conclusions
Routine vaccination of infants under 8.5 months of age may lead to blunted MeV-specific antibody responses to subsequent MMR vaccination. Early MMR vaccination should only be considered during measles outbreaks or in other situations of increased risk of MeV infection.
Clinical Trials Registration. EudraCT 2013-003078-28.
Switch to Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors During the Menopausal Transition Is Associated With Accelerated Body Composition Change in Women With Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Authors: Abelman Rebecca A , Ma Yifei , Mehta C Christina , Yang Qian , Xia Fan , Brock James B , Alcaide Maria , Sharma Anjali , Floris-Moore Michelle , Topper Elizabeth , Weber Kathleen M , Kassaye Seble G , Gustafson Deborah , Grunfeld Carl , Lahiri Cecile D , Tien Phyllis C 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) and the menopausal transition have been associated with body composition changes in women with human immunodeficiency virus (WWH), but their interaction is unknown.

Methods
From 2006 to 2019, 1131 virally-suppressed WWH (419 who switched to INSTI [INSTI+]; 712 who did not switch [INSTI–]) and 887 women without HIV (WWOH) from the Women's Interagency HIV Study were included. Mixed-effects models were used to evaluate change in waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI) by menopausal phase defined using anti-Müllerian hormone, a biomarker of ovarian reserve.

Results
During premenopause, WWH had increases in WC (INSTI+: 0.01 cm per 6 months [95% confidence interval {CI}: −.29 to .32] and INSTI−: 0.22 cm per 6 months [95% CI: −.01 to .44]) that were not statistically significantly different from WWOH; there was also little difference by INSTI status. In late perimenopause, INSTI+ had faster increases in WC (0.37 cm per 6 months [95% CI: .15–.60]) while INSTI− had smaller increases (0.14 cm per 6 months [95% CI: −.06 to .34]) compared to WWOH. In menopause, INSTI+ had faster increases, peaking at 43 months then declining, while INSTI− had smaller increases (0.14 cm per 6 months [95% CI: −.02 to .30]). Compared to INSTI−, in late perimenopause, INSTI+ had 0.26 cm per 6 months (95% CI: .02–.50) faster linear increases in WC and in menopause, INSTI+ was associated with faster increases, peaking at 41 months.

Conclusions
Switching to an INSTI-based regimen during late perimenopause and menopause is associated with faster increases in WC when compared to women who did not switch. Menopausal status should be considered when switching to an INSTI.
The Burden of All-Cause Mortality Following Influenza-Associated Hospitalizations: Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Network, 2010–2019
Authors: O’Halloran Alissa C , Millman Alexander J , Holstein Rachel , Olsen Sonja J , Cummings Charisse N , Chai Shua J , Kirley Pam Daily , Alden Nisha B , Yousey-Hindes Kimberly , Meek James , Openo Kyle P , Fawcett Emily , Ryan Patricia A , Leegwater Lauren , Henderson Justin , McMahon Melissa , Lynfield Ruth , Angeles Kathy M , Bleecker Molly , McGuire Suzanne , Spina Nancy L , Tesini Brenda L , Gaitan Maria A , Lung Krista , Shiltz Eli , Thomas Ann , Talbot H Keipp , Schaffner William , Hill Mary , Reed Carrie , Garg Shikha 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
While the estimated number of US influenza-associated deaths is reported annually, detailed data on the epidemiology of influenza-associated deaths, including the burden of in-hospital vs post-hospital discharge deaths, are limited.

Methods
Using data from the 2010–2011 through 2018–2019 seasons from the Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Network, we linked cases to death certificates to identify patients who died from any cause during their influenza hospital stay or within 30 days post discharge. We described demographic and clinical characteristics of patients who died in the hospital vs post discharge and characterized locations and causes of death (CODs).

Results
Among 121 390 cases hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza over 9 seasons, 5.5% died; 76% of deaths were in patients aged ≥65 years, 71% were non-Hispanic White, and 34% had 4 or more underlying medical conditions. Among all patients with an influenza-associated hospitalization who died, 48% of deaths occurred after hospital discharge; the median number of days from discharge to death was 9 (interquartile range, 3–19). Post-discharge deaths more often occurred in older patients and among those with underlying medical conditions. Only 37% of patients who died had “influenza” as a COD on their death certificate. Influenza was more frequently listed as a COD among persons who died in the hospital compared with cardiovascular disease among those who died after discharge.

Conclusions
All-cause mortality burden is substantial among patients hospitalized with influenza, with almost 50% of deaths occurring within 30 days after hospital discharge. Surveillance systems should consider capture of post-discharge outcomes to better characterize the impact of influenza on all-cause mortality.