bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Technology Transfer and Soviet Modernization (Using the Materials of Head Scientific Research Institutes)
Authors: Solentsova E.A. , Kapitonov A.A. 
Published: March 2019

The article deals with the problems of technology transfer in the conditions of the “cold war”. Along with the existing research in the field of technology transfer, the contribution to the understanding of Soviet modernization through the economic and technological cooperation between the USSR and the West in the 1950s and 1960s has been made. The focus of this work is on the transfer in the field of physical and chemical research. The authors studied the official documents of the head Research Institute of Physics and Chemistry named after L. Ya. Karpov in the Russian state archive in Samara. The available materials give examples of situations that initiated borrowing, show how these situations were implemented, interacted with each other. The authors traced the process of adaptation and institutional support of technology, using methods of analysis of transfers, consistently comparing the situation before and after borrowing, paying special attention to the phenomena arising “at the border”.
The documents show that the political factor largely determined the nature of the technology transfer. The strategy of interaction with capitalist countries was built on the background of serious efforts of the Soviet political elite to present cooperation as only a demonstration of achievements of Soviet science and technology. At the same time, the desire of state bodies to ensure access of Soviet researchers to Western developments is a confirmation that it was possible to achieve the most effective results in cooperation. The logic of such relations, as the materials studied show, was built not only in the framework of state modernization programs, but also on the basis of research interests of scientists. The existing objective prerequisites, even in the conditions of ideological confrontation, contributed to the active network interaction of scientific community.
Small Business in Digital Economy
Authors: Molotkova N.V. , Khazanova D.L. , Ivanova E.V. 
Published: March 2019

Business plays a special role in the mechanism of sustainable economic development, since it provides not only the realization of innovative potential, but also the creation of decentralized jobs, as well as additional revenues to budgets of different levels.
Periods of economic instability for small business at the local level are a big challenge, because unlike large network structures, small business does not have the ability to diversify risks due to economies of scale. Changing the vector of the national economy development has a special impact on small business, which in developed countries is a driver of economic development. Thus, the digitalization of the economic system entails fundamental changes in the processes of value-added formation: industries are being modernized, trade and procurement procedures, related financial and logistics operations are changing, and consumption patterns are changing against the background of penetration of information technologies.
The article considers two key aspects: “small business”, “digitalization of the economic system”. The concept of “digital economy” is considered, its key elements, distinctive features, level of development in various countries are defined. The authors also clarify the distinctive features and structure of small business in the Russian Federation. A comparative analysis of the share of small business in some countries is given, and a model for the functioning of small business at the regional level is described.
The authors identify the problems and prospects for the development of small business in a digital economy. The article tackles the issues of the impact of the digital economy on the development of small business and the role of education in this process.
The article formulates the main trends of digital transformation that have a significant role for small business at the regional level; the essence of this influence is detailed, possible barriers, new challenges and prospects for the development of small business are indicated.
Enterprise Information Space in the Transition to an Innovative Economy
Authors: Molotkova N.V. , Makeeva M.N. , Khazanova D.L. 
Published: March 2019

The present stage of development of our country is distinguished by dynamism and qualitative changes in all spheres of public life. As the information component of the modern economy grows in Russia, the role and importance of the information interaction of an enterprise with representatives of the internal and external business environment increases significantly, and this has a direct impact on the effective functioning of the organization at all stages of its production, sales and management activities.
Properly organized processes of receiving, storing, processing and analyzing data within the organization allow us to assess the company state of affairs, plan for the nearest future and assess future prospects, make timely decisions about changing of business policies, reorganizing the structure, timely fulfillment of sales and production plans, and effectively use the employees’ working hours with the greatest benefit to the organization.
The set of information flows that ensure an organization interaction with its internal and external representatives forms the information space of the enterprise.
The Efficiency Estimation of Management Control of Tax Calculations and Obligations in the Organization Management
Authors: Piskunov V.A. , Smagina A.Yu. 
Published: March 2019

With the increase of information received every day and the speed of decision-making, management control is becoming one of the most important mechanisms in the system of managing assets, capital and obligations of an organization, ensuring stability, development and economic security. Nowadays, there is an increasing interest of internal users in the process of forming and controlling tax calculations and obligations for the purposes of tactical and strategic management.
Further development of the management control of tax calculations and the obligations of an organization largely depends on the development and selection of methods for evaluating its effectiveness. To date, in the economic literature and in practice there is no unified approach to the selection of criteria and indicators for evaluating the management control of tax calculations and obligations. In the opinion of the authors, as criteria that characterize the management control of tax calculations should be used performance and reliability.
The purpose of the study is to develop a methodology for assessing the effectiveness of management control of tax calculations and liabilities, which allows to ensure the confidence of internal interested users in the accuracy of the information reflected in accounting and reporting, and also in compliance with the implementation of control compliance of the implementation of management control with established internal requirements. To solve the problem of developing a methodology for assessing the effectiveness of management control of tax calculations and obligations, the following methods were used in the study: systematization, modeling, method of complexity and dialectical method.
For the purpose of providing interested users with complete and detailed information on the effectiveness of management control of tax calculations and obligations, it was proposed to disclose its reliability through a system of quality indicators, and the performance through systems of both quality and quantity indicators.
Bildgebende Diagnostik des Innenohrs vor Cochleaimplantation
Authors: Mack Martin , Suckfüll Markus 
Published: March 2019

ZusammenfassungWenn mit herkömmlichen Hörgeräten kein ausreichendes Sprachverstehen mehr erzielt werden kann, ist sehr oft ein Cochleaimplantat indiziert. Präoperativ spielt dabei die bildgebende Diagnostik eine wesentliche Rolle, weil nur so entschieden werden kann, ob ein Cochleaimplantat möglich ist oder nicht.
Apps in der Aphasietherapie
Authors: Mehrholz Jan 
Published: March 2019

ZusammenfassungZusammen mit ihrer Kollegin, Dr. Mona Späth, entwickelte Hanna Jakob eine
Therapie-App zur Aphasietherapie: neolexon. Die individualisierbare und
benutzerfreundliche App kann am Tablet ausgeführt werden. Im Interview berichtet
Hanna Jakob über ihre Erfahrungen mit der App im ambulanten Bereich.
A Preventive Model for Hamstring Injuries in Professional Soccer: Learning Algorithms
Authors: Ayala Francisco , López-Valenciano Alejandro , Gámez Martín Jose Antonio , De Ste Croix Mark , Vera-Garcia Francisco , García-Vaquero Maria , Ruiz-Pérez Iñaki , Myer Gregory 
Published: March 2019

AbstractHamstring strain injury (HSI) is one of the most prevalent and severe injury in professional soccer. The purpose was to analyze and compare the predictive ability of a range of machine learning techniques to select the best performing injury risk factor model to identify professional soccer players at high risk of HSIs. A total of 96 male professional soccer players underwent a pre-season screening evaluation that included a large number of individual, psychological and neuromuscular measurements. Injury surveillance was prospectively employed to capture all the HSI occurring in the 2013/2014 season. There were 18 HSIs. Injury distribution was 55.6% dominant leg and 44.4% non-dominant leg. The model generated by the SmooteBoostM1 technique with a cost-sensitive ADTree as the base classifier reported the best evaluation criteria (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve score=0.837, true positive rate=77.8%, true negative rate=83.8%) and hence was considered the best for predicting HSI. The prediction model showed moderate to high accuracy for identifying professional soccer players at risk of HSI during pre-season screenings. Therefore, the model developed might help coaches, physical trainers and medical practitioners in the decision-making process for injury prevention.
Clinical feasibility of endoscopic submucosal dissection with minimum lateral margin of superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Kuwabara Hiroki , Abe Seiichiro , Nonaka Satoru , Suzuki Haruhisa , Yoshinaga Shigetaka , Oda Ichiro , Saito Yutaka 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Background Esophageal stricture following endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for superficial esophageal squamous cell cancer (SESCC) has been associated with wide mucosal defects greater than three-quarters of the luminal circumference. Some patients developed dysphagia and required repeated endoscopic balloon dilation even after steroid therapy. As iodine staining clearly visualized the margin of SESCC, we made a longitudinal mucosal incision close to the margin of the lesion to avoid a mucosal defect involving over three-quarters of the luminal circumference for large lesions. This retrospective study aimed to clarify the clinical feasibility of ESD with minimum lateral margin of SESCC.
Patients and methods Between 2005 and 2013, 94 patients with 94 initial SESCCs had lesions greater than half of the luminal circumference. Of those, 70 patients with 70 SESCCs had achieved endoscopic clearance for the initial SESCC. In this study, endoscopic clearance was defined as en bloc resection of SESCC histologically confined to the mucosa without lymphovascular invasion and with a free deep margin regardless of the lateral margin. This study evaluated the short- and long-term outcomes in patients undergoing endoscopic clearance.
Results In total, 61.4 % (43/70) of the patients had mucosal defects involving over three-quarters of the luminal circumference and 38.5 % (27/70) had a positive or indeterminate lateral margin. However, there was no local or nodal recurrence during the median follow-up period of 3.8 years; the 3-year overall survival rate was 98.5 % and the 3-year disease-free survival rate was 100 %.
Conclusion Using our institutions’ strategy, ESD for SESCCs with minimum lateral margins was oncologically acceptable; this approach could reduce the known risk factor of post-ESD stricture.
Lebenssituation von jungen Frauen mit Ullrich-Turner-Syndrom nach dem Ende der Wachstumshormontherapie: Ergebnisse einer Umfrage in Deutschland
Authors: Dörr Helmuth-Günther , Bettendorf Markus , Binder Gerhard , Brämswig Jürgen , Hauffa Berthold P. , Holterhus Paul-Martin , Mohnike Klaus , Schmidt Heinrich , Stalla Günter K. , Wabitsch Martin , Wölfle Joachim ,   und die Turner-Syndrom-Vereinigung Deutschland e. V.; Geschäftsstelle: Am Bornstück 1, Dornburg
Published: March 2019

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Bei Mädchen und Frauen mit Ullrich-Turner-Syndrom (UTS) werden psychosoziale Auffälligkeiten wie eine ängstliche Persönlichkeit, geringeres Selbstwertgefühl, spätes Lösen vom Elternhaus und/oder späte sexuelle Erfahrungen beschrieben.
Methoden Die Untersuchung wurde 2015 bei 779 Frauen mit UTS im Alter von 25 Jahren (Median) mit einem Fragebogen durchgeführt, der von einer französischen Arbeitsgruppe entwickelt und mit deren Erlaubnis verwendet wurde. Insgesamt konnten 130 Fragebögen (16,7 %) ausgewertet werden.
Ergebnisse (MW ± SD) Nicht verheiratet waren 116 Frauen (89,9 %); 52 Frauen (40 %) lebten im elterlichen Haushalt. Abitur/Fachabitur oder Hochschulabschluss hatten 47,6 %. 60 Frauen (46 %) waren berufstätig, 51 Frauen (39 %) hatten noch keine abgeschlossene Berufsausbildung. Bei 78 % der Frauen wurde die Pubertät im Alter von 14,2 ± 2,1 Jahren eingeleitet. Zum Zeitpunkt der Befragung erhielten 80 % der Frauen eine Hormonersatztherapie. 66 von 93 Frauen (71 %) fanden, dass die Erkrankung das Gefühlsleben negativ beeinflusst, wobei der Bereich „Liebes- und Sexualbeziehungen“ von 44 Frauen (66,6 %) am häufigsten genannt wurde. Fragen zur Sexualität beantworteten 116 Frauen. Dabei hatten 77 % den ersten Zungenkuss mit 16,4 ± 3,6 Jahren und 62,4 % den ersten Geschlechtsverkehr mit 19,0 ± 3,4 Jahren. Eine Beziehung zu einem Partner/In über > 6 Monate gaben 81 % der Frauen an (94 Frauen hatten einen männlichen Partner und 5 Frauen eine Partnerin). Die Frage nach Kinderwunsch wurde von 89 von 124 Frauen bejaht (71,8 %); 38,2 % wollten spontan schwanger werden und 44,9 % hatten eine künstliche Befruchtung oder eine Adoption überlegt.
Diskussion Da die verschiedenen Fragenkomplexe nicht gleich häufig beantwortet wurden, kann spekuliert werden, dass der Stellenwert der Themen nicht gleichwertig war oder dass die Frauen nicht bereit waren, sich mit diesen Fragen auseinanderzusetzen. Die Antworten zeigen, dass neben der ärztlichen Betreuung auch eine psychosoziale Betreuung notwendig ist.
Tolerability of FODMAP – reduced diet in irritable bowel syndrome – efficacy, adherence, and body weight course
Authors: Frieling Thomas , Heise Jürgen , Krummen Britta , Hundorf Corinna , Kalde Sigrid 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Background FODMAP reduced diet (fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharide, and polyols) belongs to the established therapy strategies in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, disadvantages of this diet are significant and may lead to weight loss and insufficient patient adherence. Reports from Germany are not available yet.
Material and methods In a prospective study, 93 patients with IBS according to Rom III were investigated. Sixty-three patients were recruited for the study and received standardized investigation, informed consent, and structured dietary instructions about the FODMAP reduced diet. Patients complaints were documented by a validated questionnaire and a standardized Lickert scale before and 8 weeks after the start of the diet. Stool characteristics were documented by the Bristol stool form scale.
Results Patients adherence was low because 30 patients (47 %) stopped the diet. Of the remaining 33 patients, 36 % (n = 12) developed significant weight loss during the FODMAP therapy. Patients completing the study reported significant global improvement of symptoms in 79 % of cases (abdominal pain 85 %, meteorism 79 %, flatulence 69 %, borbogymi 69 %, nausea 46 %, fatigue 69 %). In addition, the severity of symptoms was significantly reduced. Fourteen patients developed changes of their stool characteristics according to the Bristol stool form scale, 11 of whom improved diarrhea and 3 improved constipation.
Conclusion FODMAP reduced diet is an efficient therapy in IBS. However, adherence of the patients is poor and the therapy bears the risk of significant weight loss.
Self-Anamnesis with a Conversational User Interface: Concept and Usability Study
Authors: Hochreutener Sandra , Pöpel Annkathrin , May Richard , Denecke Kerstin 
Published: March 2019

Objective Self-anamnesis is a procedure in which a patient answers questions about the personal medical history without interacting directly with a doctor or medical assistant. If collected digitally, the anamnesis data can be shared among the health care team. In this article, we introduce a concept for digital anamnesis collection and assess the applicability of a conversational user interface (CUI) for realizing a mobile self-anamnesis application.
Materials and Methods We implemented our concept for self-anamnesis for the concrete field of music therapy. We collected requirements with respect to the application from music therapists and by reviewing the literature. A rule-based approach was chosen for realizing the anamnesis conversation between the system and the user. The Artificial Intelligence Markup Language was exploited for encapsulating the questions and responses of the system. For studying the quality of the system and analyzing performance, humanity, effect, and accessibility of the system, we performed a usability test with 22 persons.
Results The current version of the self-anamnesis application is equipped with 63 questions on the music biography of a patient that are asked subsequently to the user by means of a chatbot conversation. The usability study showed that a CUI is a practical way for collecting anamnesis data. Users felt engaged of answering the questions and liked the human characteristics of the chatbot. They suggested to extend the conversation capabilities of the chatbot so that the system can react appropriately, in particular when the user is not feeling well.
Conclusions We could demonstrate the applicability of a CUI for collecting anamnesis data. In contrast to digital anamnesis questionnaires, the application of a CUI provides several benefits: the user can be encouraged to complete all queries and can ask clarifying questions in case something is unclear.
Functional Anatomy of the Craniomedial and Caudolateral Bundles of the Cranial Cruciate Ligament in Beagle Dogs
Authors: Tanegashima Koji , Edamura Kazuya , Akita Yuki , Yamazaki Atsushi , Yasukawa Shinji , Seki Mamiko , Asano Kazushi , Nakayama Tomohiro , Katsura Taro , Hayashi Kei 
Published: March 2019

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate detailed functional anatomy of the craniomedial bundle (CrMB) and caudolateral bundle (CdLB) of cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) for application of intra-articular anatomical reconstruction in dogs.
Materials and Methods Twelve stifle joint of 12 Beagle cadavers were used. Anatomical characteristics of femoral attachment regions of the CrCL were determined. Then, the location and area of the footprints of the CrMB and CdLB were objectively measured. Each bundle was equally divided into four fibre bundles, and changes in the fibre arrangement were recorded during stifle range of motion. Additionally, the tension of each fibre bundle at various stifle joint angles was objectively measured.
Results The attachment region of the CrCL clearly differed from that reported in humans. The centre of the CdLB attachment site was located craniodistal to that of the CrMB on the femur and slightly caudal to that of the CrMB on the tibia. The area of the CrMB on the femoral and tibial attachment sites was larger than that of the CdLB. During stifle range of motion, each divided fibre bundle in the CrMB and CdLB was twisted intricately. The tension of the CrMB was higher than that of CdLB. The central part of the CrMB was always tense during stifle range of motion.
Clinical Significance These results may contribute to the application of anatomical reconstruction surgery for CrCL deficient stifle in dogs.
Platelet Btk is Required for Maintaining Lung Vascular Integrity during Murine Pneumococcal Pneumosepsis
Authors: de Porto Alexander P. N. A. , Claushuis Theodora A. M. , van der Donk Lieve E. H. , de Beer Regina , de Boer Onno J. , Florquin Sandrine , Roelofs Joris J. T. H. , Hendriks Rudi W. , van der Poll Tom , van't Veer Cornelis , de Vos Alex F. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPlatelet Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) is an essential signalling protein for the collagen receptor glycoprotein VI (GPVI) and podoplanin receptor C-type-lectin-like receptor-2, which are platelet receptors implicated in the maintenance of vascular integrity during inflammation. Moreover, platelets, platelet GPVI and Btk are important for host defence during murine bacterial pneumosepsis. The aim of this study was to determine the role of platelet Btk in vascular integrity and host defence during murine pneumosepsis caused by the common human pathogens Streptococcus pneumoniae and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Using the Cre-loxP system, male platelet-specific Btk-deficient mice (PF4creBtkfl/Y) were created. Similar to platelets from total Btk-deficient mice, platelets from PF4creBtkfl/Y mice showed abrogated aggregation and P-selectin expression when stimulated with the GPVI ligand cross-linked collagen-related peptide. Upon infection with S. pneumoniae, PF4creBtkfl/Y mice showed increased lung bleeding, but unimpaired anti-bacterial defence. During pneumosepsis evoked by K. pneumoniae, platelet Btk deficiency was not associated with lung bleeding and did not impact on host defence, even when platelet function was further compromised by blocking secondary platelet activation by the P2Y12 receptor antagonist clopidogrel. Together, these data indicate that, while platelet Btk is not important for anti-bacterial defence in pneumosepsis, its role in maintaining vascular integrity in the lung depends on the causative pathogen.