bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
YOLOv8-RepGhostEMA: An efficient underwater trash detection model
Authors: Cai Dengwei , Li Kefeng , Hou Boxue 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The accumulation of anthropogenic waste in underwater environments leads to a decrease in water quality, resulting in pollution that negatively impacts human health, ecological balance, and economic activities. The development of underwater robotic technology signals a new era for the timely identification and removal of underwater trash, offering proactive measures to combat the menace of water pollution. This study introduces an improved algorithm based on YOLOv8, proposing the YOLOv8-RepGhost-EMA algorithm. This algorithm is tailored for lightweight modifications on embedded devices of underwater robots and innovatively incorporates the RepGhost-EMA module, enhancing the precision of underwater trash detection while reducing computational complexity. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves a reduction in parameter quantity by 13% while increasing precision (P) by 4%, recall (R) by 1.1%, and mean average precision (mAP) by 1.9% for trash detection. This approach is hardware-friendly for underwater robots, achieving a lightweight underwater object detection algorithm that balances detection accuracy and speed.
Marine target cfar detection method based on superpixel difference degree
Authors: Liu Boxuan , Cui Zhongma , Lu Zhen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
At present, the method based on constant false alarm rate (CFAR) technology is one of the important means of marine target detection. The performance of traditional sliding window CFAR detectors is easy to be affected by speckle noise and multi-target crosstalk, resulting in a low success rate of visual inspection. In this paper, a CFAR detection method based on superpixel difference degree is proposed. This method can effectively distinguish potential target superpixels and background superpixels, and then through the selection of background superpixels, the clutter probability density function model is fitted with the unbounded Johnson distribution model, to carry out CFAR detection. Based on the SAR images of the Gaofen-3 satellite and Sentinel-1 satellite, the experiment verifies that the method can improve the detection performance in multiple scenarios.
Research on compatibility and performance verification method of domestic database migration based on Kreplay technology
Authors: Fu Yanlin , Song Jinzhou , Song Rui , Jiang Ningwei , Lin Jing , Shi Peike , Liu Jun , Dong Wen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper deeply studies the compatibility and performance verification methods of domestic database replacement Oracle database and focuses on the application of Replay technology in database migration. By comparing and analyzing the key technologies such as Oracle Real Application Testing, SQL Server Profiler, iReplay, OceanBase Migration Assessment, and Kreplay, this paper proposes a migration verification scheme based on Kreplay. This scheme comprehensively evaluates the compatibility and performance of domestic databases by capturing the actual workload of the production environment and replaying it in the test environment to simulate the real scene. The experimental results show that Kreplay has obvious advantages in heterogeneous database migration and transaction complete capture, and it can effectively find and solve compatibility and performance problems in the migration process. The research in this paper provides technical support for the promotion and application of domestic databases and references for future database replacement technology development.
The landscape concept for natural tourism development at Langsa Urban Forest, Aceh Province
Authors: Lubis T , Abus A F , Suriadi A , Kamsinah  , Abus A A , Abus N A A , Andriany L 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This research discusses two main things: the landscape process of the natural tourism concept at Langsa Urban Forest in Langsa City, Aceh Province, Indonesia, and visitor activities. The aim is to determine the landscape background of the Langsa Urban Forest and analyze the space used for natural tourism for visitors and residents of the Langsa Urban Forest. This research uses a landscape approach as the core to explain the past and present processes of the Langsa Urban Forest, as well as the activities of its visitors. Ethnographic methods are applied to collect and analyze data. This data was obtained from in-depth interviews and participant observation from the conception of the Langsa Urban Forest and visitors. The results of the study show that the formation of the Langsa Urban Forest landscape started from outer space and was used as a habitat for animals, such as deer, crocodiles, and several types of birds and their ecosystems. Visitors who visit Langsa Urban Forest are divided into two categories: (1) To reminisce about previous places and scenic history, and (2) to have fun. Apart from that, Langsa Urban Forest also acts as an open space for physical health activities.
Damage to natural production forests due to timber harvesting
Authors: Yuniawati  , Andini S , Ningrum M H 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Timber harvesting of natural production forests causes damage in the form of gaps in the forest area around it. The area gaps will hurt the sustainability of timber production from natural forests. This paper presents the treefall gaps due to timber harvesting in the Papua Forest. We also developed multiple regressions to analyse the effect of tree diameter and height and the area gaps created. The results showed that: 1) tree diameter and height ranged between 51.29-60.11 cm and 15.39-17.17 m respectively; 2) the average gap area was 13.84% (143.26 m2) for every one felled tree; 3) tree diameter and height have no significant effect on forest gap area due to felling; 4) the average of forest gaps area created from timber skidding was 3249.61 m2 (18.55%); and 5) tree diameter and the number of skidded timbers not significantly affect the area gaps due to timber skidding.
The role of Azolla microphylla green fertilizer and N fertilizer application on growth and production of lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.) Ciherang variety for sustainable agriculture
Authors: Hasanah Y , Nabilah H 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
One effort to maximize Nitrogen nutrient absorption can be done by combining inorganic N fertilizer with Azolla microphylla as green fertilizer. This research aims to identify the effect of applying A. microphylla green fertilizer and N fertilizer on the growth and production of lowland rice variety of Ciherang. The research was done in a greenhouse of Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara from November 2023 to February 2024, using a non-factorial Randomized Block Design, namely 100% Azolla; 25% N + 50% Azolla; 25% N + 100% A. microphylla; 50% N + 50% A. microphylla; 50% N + 100% A. microphylla; 75% N + 50% A. microphylla; 75% N + 100% A. microphylla; and 100% N. The research results showed that application of 100% N fertilizer was able to increase plant height by 6-9 week after transplanting (WAT) and the weight of 1000 rice grains. The combination of giving 75% N and 50% A. microphylla tended to increase the weight of unfilled grain per plant 18.87% compared to giving 100% N. It is recommended that fresh A. microphylla be buried in the soil so that it decomposes more quickly.
Fungi responsible for the formation of agarwood in Gyrinops and their preservation techniques
Authors: Fauzi M T , Suheri H , Isnaini M , Muthahanas I 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Gyrinops sp. is one of the species in the genus Thymelaeaceae which is capable of producing good quality aloe (agarwood) and has very high economic value. This species is dominant in NTB and in Eastern Indonesia. However, most of the high-quality agarwood traded on the world market today is a product obtained from old trees that grow naturally in forests. Over-exploitation of species from natural habitats causes a significant decrease in the number of plant populations of species that can produce agarwood. Various attempts have been made to cultivate this agarwood-producing plant and microbial inoculations have been carried out to form agarwood on the trees. This study aims to collect fungi that infect Gyrinops sp. and are associated with agarwood formation from naturally infected Gyrinops sp. planted by farmers on their land. The results showed that fungal isolates associated with agarwood formation on Gyrinops were Fusarium sp. and Trichoderma sp. The fungus Trichoderma sp. may play a role in helping Gyrinops plants resist Fusarium sp. attack by forming sapwood (agarwood). The fungal storage in sterile soil media and Gyrinops sawdust media tends to be more stable in maintaining the viability of the stored fungi.
Characterization of basal stem rot pathogen in oil palm tree in Adolina Seed Center, North Sumatra, to support sustainable food security
Authors: Gulo GK , Lisnawita  , Safni I 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The productivity of oil palm plants is influenced by several factors, one of which is basal stem rot disease. The aim of this research was to morphologically and molecularly characterized the causal pathogen of basal stem rot disease in oil palm plants in the Adolina Seed Center, Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatra. The study, conducted from September 2023 to March 2024. Sampling was done using a purposive random method based on visible symptoms of the disease. The research involved isolating and purifying the fungus, followed by macroscopic and microscopic observations, molecular characterization, and phylogenetic analysis. Seven isolates were identified as Ganoderma boninense and Ganoderma sp. The study found significant diversity in the fruit body morphology in Block AD-02 and Block AD-04, while microscopic observations showed similarities across all samples. Molecular and phylogenetic analyses revealed a close relationship between the isolates from Indonesia, G. boninense from Malaysia, and Ganoderma sp. from Singapore. The incidence of basal stem rotdisease was higher in Block AD-02 (54%), compared to Block AD-04 (48%). These findings contribute to the understanding of the pathogen diversity and spread in oil palm plantations.
Phenotyfic appearance of some local Samosir shallot accessions at Samosir regency in supporting sustainable agriculture
Authors: Hasanah Y , Hanafiah D S , Sembiring M , Sinuraya M , Julianti E , Syahril M , Tanjung D R , Perangin-angin G A , Arridho M 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The local Samosir shallot population has the potential to become rare and disappear with the entry of imported shallot into Samosir area. Therefore, the efforts are needed to prevent the extinction of local Samosir shallots. Inventory activities, collection, characterization and evaluation of existing local Samosir shallots need to be carried out to save local shallot resources and it is hoped that they can be developed into superior varieties with high productivity. The research aims to identify local Samosir agronomic characteristics including accessions from the Samosir region. The results showed that analysis of kinship relations on a distance scale of 1 shows the formation of 4 groups of kinship relations. The first group consists of accession A1 which is distinguished by its leaf color character, namely green. The second group consists of A2 accessions which are distinguished by their strong leaf texture characteristics. The third group consists of accessions A3 and A5 which are united by the bulb shape character, namely broad oval. The fourth group consists of A4 accessions which are distinguished by the character of low leaf density.
Shelf life of biofertilizer stored with Mucuna bracteata as a carrier for sustainable upland rice cultivation
Authors: Hapsoh  , Wawan  , Dini I R , Clarissa C 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Realizing sustainable agriculture through the use of biofertilizers in facing challenges, where there is a continuous decline in bacterial life in biofertilizers. So, a carrier material is needed that can maintain the shelf life of the biofertilizer, one of which is Mucuna bracteata. This research aims to obtain the best shelf life from long storage of biofertilizer to support the growth and production of upland rice. The research using a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 7 treatments, namely P1: 100% inorganic fertilizer; P2, P3, P4: 75% inorganic fertilizer + 100% sludge palm oil + biofertilizer 10 ml (10% M. bracteata) 0-, 1- and 2-months shelf life; P5, P6, P7: 50% inorganic fertilizer + 100% sludge palm oil + biofertilizer 10 ml (10% M. bracteata) 0-, 1- and 2-months shelf life. The results showed that the combination of 75% inorganic fertilizer, solid compost and biofertilizer with a shelf life of 0, 1 and 2 months is still able to provide the same results as applying 100% inorganic fertilizer on the parameters of the growth and yield of upland rice.
Testing seed quality and vegetative growth yield of rice paddy (Oryza sativa L.) production results treated with NPK and biosaka for sustainable agriculture
Authors: Haryati  , Situmeang N D 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The demand for rice continues to increase due to population growth each year. This results in higher national food requirements. An approach to boosting rice production is by utilizing high-quality fertilizers and seeds. This study aims to examine the seed quality and vegetative growth of rice production fertilized with NPK and Biosaka in supporting sustainable agriculture. Seed testing was conducted at the Seed Technology Laboratory, and seedling growth testing was carried out in the greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara. This study used a Split Plot Design with 3 replications and 2 treatment factors. The first treatment involved seeds from plants given NPK fertilizer: 0, 150, and 300 kg/ha. The second treatment involved seeds from plants treated with Biosaka: 0, 20, and 40 ml/15 L.. The research results showed that the application of NPK fertilizer at a dose of 300 kg/ha in rice plant growth significantly improved seed quality (growth potential, percentage of normal germination, seed vigor index, root fresh weight, and root dry weight). Meanwhile, the application of Biosaka at a concentration of 40 ml/15L in rice plant growth significantly improved seed quality (growth potential, seed vigor index, and germination rate).
Sustainable improvement of broiler meat quality using glucomannan extract from porang tubers (Amorphophallus oncophyllus Prain) as prebiotic
Authors: Zendrato D P , Julianti E , Tafsin M , Hanafi N D , Sadeli A 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Glucomannan is a prebiotic present in porang tubers can improve digestive health and nutritional efficiency of animal feed thus affecting the quality of meat produced. The study purposed to evaluate the impact of glucomannan extract from porang tubers (Amorphophallus oncophyllus Prain) as prebiotic on the physical and chemical quality of broiler meat. Conducted at the Flour House, Research and Technology Laboratory, Chemistry Laboratory of FMIPA, and Baru Village, Pancur Batu District, Deli Serdang Regency in February 2024. The average initial weight of broilers was 1484.17 ± 81.45 g. The research used a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments: 0%, 0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.6% glucomannan, each with five replicates. Parameters measured included pH, water holding capacity (WHC), cooking loss, moisture content, fat content, and protein content. The results showed that the 0.4% glucomannan treatment produced the best results, with significantly improved pH stability, increased WHC, reduced cooking loss, and increased crude protein content while decreasing fat content. These results suggest that 0.4% glucomannan supplementation optimally improves the nutritional and physical quality of broiler meat. In conclusion, the inclusion of 0.4% glucomannan in broiler diets can improve meat quality and provide a sustainable alternative to synthetic feed additives in poultry production.
Effect of marination time using vacuum marinator and calcium chloride on physicochemical quality of beef
Authors: Patriani P , Hutajulu S F B , Sari T V 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Beef products contribute to long-term food security in Indonesia. The use of processing technology to maintain beef quality, as well as food additives, can extend the shelf life and maintain meat freshness. This study focused on marination time using vacuum marinators and Calcium chloride on the physicochemical quality of beef. The experimental method with a completely randomised design pattern with 4 treatments and 5 replications was used in this study. The treatment given was marination time using Calcium chloride at a dose of 250 mM on 100 g of beef using a vacuum marinator (V0 = no marination, V1 = 15 minutes, V2 = 30 minutes, and V3 = 45 minutes). Marination time with a vacuum marinator and the use of Calcium chloride had significant effects (P<0.05) on pH, cooking loss, moisture content, and tenderness but had no significant impact (P>0.05) on beef colour change. Marination time using a vacuum marinator and Calcium chloride can increase pH, moisture content, and tenderness and decrease the cooking loss of beef. The best physicochemical quality is the beef sample, which was marinated for 30 minutes (V2) using a vacuum marinator and Calcium chloride, which can be used sustainably.
Utilization of moringa leaf flour (Moringa oleifera) in making soy sauce
Authors: Sinaga H , Naibaho C A , Lubis Z 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Soy sauce, a widely used condiment, is typically produced from soybeans and wheat. However, there is increasing interest in improving its nutritional and sensory properties through the use of alternative ingredients. This study explores how varying concentrations of moringa leaf flour and salt solution affect the quality characteristics of soy sauce. Employing a completely randomized factorial design, the research focused on two main factors: the percentage of moringa leaf flour (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%) and different salt solution concentrations (18%, 22%, 26%). Key parameters assessed included color index, pH, total soluble solids, viscosity, and various sensory characteristics. Results indicated that the concentration of salt has a significant effect on pH, total soluble solids, carbohydrates, and sensory attributes. Furthermore, the concentration of moringa leaf flour was found to significantly influence pH, total soluble solids, fat, protein, carbohydrates, color index, and sensory qualities like color, aroma, and flavor. The interaction between salt and moringa leaf flour also impacted pH, color index, carbohydrates, and overall sensory acceptability. The best quality soy sauce was achieved with a combination of 30% moringa leaf flour and 22% salt solution. This innovative soy sauce is anticipated to contribute positively to a healthier and more sustainable food industry.
Steamed Bread from Juai Pumpkin Puree One of South Kalimantan Superior Agricultural Commodities
Authors: Hustiany R , Fahmi S L N , Zairin  
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Steam bread is bread without filling and has a denser texture. Substitution of flour with yellow pumpkin puree juai, as one of the superior agricultural commodities of South Kalimantan, can be an innovation in terms of taste and nutritional content of steamed bread. Apart from that, there is frozen storage of steamed bread to extend its shelf life. The aim of this research is to analyze the effect of the ratio between juai pumpkin puree and flour and steaming time on the chemical and physicochemical characteristics of steamed bread. This study used the ratio of the amount of flour to juai pumpkin puree, namely 100:0, 70:30, and 60:40 and the steaming time before frozen storage, namely 5, 15, and 25 minutes. The best substituted for juai pumpkin puree is the 60:40 formulation and 5 minutes of steaming time by re-steaming for 10 minutes after frozen storage with moisture content of 36.49%, protein content of 8.13%, fat content of 4.10%, and crude fiber content of 2.32%. The gelatinization temperature was 95.5 °C on day 0 and after being stored at freezing temperature, the gelatinization temperature became undetectable. The viscosity of steamed bread after frozen storage for 15 days also decreased.
Extraction betacyanin from red dragon fruit peel using ohmic heating at several temperatures and holding time
Authors: Nurbaya S R , Yuwono S S , Putri W D R , Lastriyanto A 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Red dragon fruit peels are generally discarded and become food waste. Yet it contains betacyanin pigment and can be utilized as a food colorant. Extraction using ohmic heating makes the heating rate faster, so it is suitable for heat-labile pigments. The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of ohmic heating extraction temperature (50 °C, 60 °C, 70 °C, 80 °C, and 90° C) and holding time (0 and 5 minutes) on the physicochemical characteristics of betacyanin pigment, which extracted from red dragon fruit peel (Hylocereus polyrhizus). The extraction process uses 60 V and 100 Hz. A paired t test was conducted on the parameters of betacyanin content, color (L, a, b), and total ohmic time. At an extraction temperature of 50-70 °C, there was no significant difference in betacyanin content between holding times of 0 and 5 minutes. Furthermore, at temperature 70 °C, the ohmic heating extraction treatment has the higher betacyanin content (27.05 mg/L) compared to the extraction treatment using a water heater (13.50 mg/L). Extraction using ohmic heating also shorter heating time (152 s) than extraction using a water heater (527 s).
Probiotic ice cream from kefir culture with moringa leaves flour addition
Authors: Ginting N , Jayana L S 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Sustainable practices and advantageous elements such as moringa leaf flour (MLF) and probiotics can satisfy human nutritional needs. Nonetheless, MLF has a fairly intense flavor, requiring the incorporation of kefir to impart a fresh taste, along with other components. Kefir is a fermented drink, recognized as probiotics. This study evaluates the effect of MLF incorporation into kefir ice cream on its sensory attributes and nutritional profile. Four treatments were administered, each with five replications. The treatments were designated as P0, with no MLF added; P1, with 20 grams; P2, with 25 grams; and P3, with 30 grams of MLF added. The examined parameters were organoleptic assessment, pH measurement, lipid content, protein content, and quantification of total bacterial colonies. The results demonstrated that varying quantities of MLF improved sensory characteristics, including color, texture, flavor, protein content, fat content, pH, and total bacterial colony count. The incorporating 30 g of moringa flour, produced the most advantageous results for color (3.37), texture (3.22), flavor (3.14), protein content (7.52%), fat content (7.81%), and pH (4.36). The quantity of bacterial colonies was 7.16 at a dilution of 10−6.