bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wdrożenie urządzenia QuickCheck firmy PTW do codziennej kontroli stabilności wydajności akceleratorów medycznych
Authors: Borowska Patrycja , Sobocka-Kurdyk Urszula , Pawałowski Bartosz 
Published: March 2019

Codzienna weryfikacja stabilności pracy akceleratora medycznego poprzez pomiar dawki jest podstawowym testem zapewniającym kontrolę jakości pracy aparatu podczas realizacji leczenia radioterapeutycznego. Celem pracy było wdrożenie oraz zweryfikowanie możliwości zastosowania urządzenia QuickCheck (QCh) firmy PTW Freiburg do codziennej kontroli jakości akceleratorów medycznych. Dokonano porównania dwóch metod pomiarowych wydajności akceleratora, dotychczasowej polegającej na pomiarze z wykorzystaniem komory jonizacyjnej umieszczanej w w fantomie wodnym z urządzeniem QuickCheck. Analiza za pomocą tego urządzenia dostarcza dodatkowych informacji m.in. o charakterystyce wiązki promieniowania jonizującego. Zebrane pomiary za pomocą urządzenia QCh odniesiono do wyników referencyjnych (otrzymanych z pomiarów przeprowadzonych w fantomie wodnym). Na podstawie przeprowadzonej analizy badane urządzenie zostało wdrożone do weryfikacji stabilności wydajności akceleratorów w ramach testów codziennych zgodnych z Rozporządzeniem Ministra Zdrowia w sprawie warunków bezpiecznego stosowania promieniowania jonizującego dla wszystkich rodzajów ekspozycji medycznej. Wyznaczono odpowiednie współczynniki przejścia pozwalające przeliczać uzyskiwane przy pomocy urządzenia QCh wyniki pomiarów na warunki odniesienia w fantomie wodnym.
Ocena wpływu dawki i mocy promieniowania jonizującego na komórki raka piersi. The assessment of the effect of ionizing radiation dose and dose rate for breast cancer cells
Authors: Musielak Marika 
Published: March 2019

Rak piersi jest najczęściej występującym typem nowotworu wśród kobiet. Ze względu na odmienne typy histologiczne guzów, stosuje się różne podejście terapeutyczne. Najczęściej jest to leczenie skojarzone, obejmujące chirurgiczne usunięcie ogniska nowotworowego, radioterapię oraz leczenie cytostatykami. Jednakże, głównym celem każdej stosowanej terapii jest zniszczenie komórek nowotworowych przy odpowiednio niskim uszkodzeniu tkanek zdrowych. Celem pracy była ocena wpływu stosowanych klinicznie schematów napromieniania radioterapeutycznego, za pomocą wiązki promieniowania jonizującego.Zbadano wpływ wielkości dawki (ang. Dose, D) 0 Gy; 1,0 Gy; 2,0 Gy; 4,0 Gy oraz mocy dawki (ang. Dose Rate, DR) 300 i 600 cGy/min. W doświadczeniu wykorzystano dwie linie komórkowe raka piersi MDA–MB–231 oraz MDA–MB–468, zaliczające się do typu raka piersi potrójnie negatywnego (ang. triple negative breast cancer, TNBC). Przy pomocy testów klonogennych obliczono frakcję przeżywalności (ang. surviving fraction, SF) dla poszczególnych dawek oraz wykreślono krzywe przeżycia będące zależnością SF(D). Wykazano, że wraz ze wzrostem dawki, przeżywalność komórek maleje, zgodnie z założeniami modelu liniowo-kwadratowego. Porównując obydwie linie komórkowe, zaobserwowano różnice w krzywych przeżywalności obejmujący niskie dawki promieniowania. W przypadku MDA-MB–231, w przedziale dawki poniżej 2 Gy, stwierdzono znaczne obniżenie przeżywalności, które sugeruje wystąpienie zjawiska hiperwrażliwości na promieniowanie. Odmienna wyniki zaobserwowano dla linii MDA–MB–468 w zakresie <2 Gy, gdzie współczynnik SF przeżycia przekraczał wartości powyżej 1.0, co może świadczyć o wzmożonej stymulacji proliferacji.Śledząc wykreślone zależności SF(D), można jednoznacznie określić, jak dany typ linii nowotworowej odpowiada na traktowanie różnymi schematami promieniowania. Nie wykazano istotnych różnic pomiędzy zastosowaniem dwóch różnych mocy przy tej samej dawce. Poprzez zwiększenie DR, skraca się czas trwania ekspozycji. W konsekwencji pacjent otrzyma podobną dawkę w krótszym czasie, co skutkuje podwyższeniem komfortu podczas leczenia.
Parameter sensitivity analysis of SWAT model for streamflow simulation with multisource precipitation datasets
Authors: Guo Jing , Su Xiaoling 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Streamflow in the Shiyang River basin is numerically investigated based on the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT). The interpolation precipitation datasets of GSI, multisource satellite and reanalysis precipitation datasets including TRMM, CMDF, CFSR, CHIRPS and PGF are specially applied as the inputs for SWAT model, and the sensitivities of model parameters, as well as streamflow prediction uncertainties, are discussed via the sequential uncertainty fitting procedure (SUFI-2). Results indicate that streamflow simulation can be effectively improved by downscaling the precipitation datasets. The sensitivities of model parameters vary significantly with respect to different precipitation datasets and sub-basins. CN2 (initial SCS runoff curve number for moisture condition II) and SMTMP (base temperature of snow melt) are found to be the most sensitive parameters, which implies that the generations of surface runoff and snowmelt are extremely crucial for streamflow in this basin. Moreover, the uncertainty analysis of streamflow prediction indicates that the performance of simulation can be further improved by parameter optimization. It also demonstrates that the precipitation data from satellite and reanalysis datasets can be applied to streamflow simulation as effective inputs, and the dependences of parameter sensitivities on basin and precipitation dataset are responsible for the variation of simulation performance.
Hypolimnetic Aeration: An Overview
Authors: McQueen D.J. , Lean D.R.S. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Hypolimnetic aerators are now being widely used throughout Europe and are beginning to appear in small and medium sized eutrophic lakes in temperate North America. This activity has produced approximately 42 published reports dealing with experiments conducted at 16 lakes. Taken together, the evidence from these experiments suggests that well designed aerators do not cause significant destratification or warming of hypolimnetic water, but do result in measurable Increases in hypolimnetic oxygen concentration and decreases in dissolved hydrogen sulfide, methane and ammonia. Early experiments suggested that phosphorus sedimentation was unpredictable, but recent work has demonstrated that when the ratio of total iron to soluble reactive phosphorus exceeds 10:1 and pH is &lt; 7.5, phosphorus sedimentation is assured and internal loading greatly reduced. Early experiments also showed that ammonia volatilization was unpredictable, but at pH &gt; 8.0, ammonia volatilization will occur. Because both phosphorus sedimentation and nitrogen reduction are pH dependent, both cannot be optimally removed during the same period of time and so the experimenter is advised to select for the maximum removal of one or the other through pH manipulation. Hypolimnetic aeration induces oxygen consumption and this must be considered when choosing an appropriate compressor size. Most studies show little impact on phytoplankton blomass, but one recent experiment showed that aeration during spring turnover resulted in reduced concentrations of chlorophyll a and TP. Zooplankton populations are, for the most part, unaffected and a number of American studies have shown that hypolimnetically aerated lakes can support cold water fish populations. The aggregate practical and experimental experience suggests that well designed hypolimnetic aeration systems yield measurable improvements in water quality and will almost certainly prove to be one of the major methods used for future in situ lake restoration.
Anaerobic and Aerobic Treatability of High-Yield Sulphite Spent Liquor
Authors: Schnell A. , Hall E.R. , Skog S. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Several higher-yield sulphite pulp mills in Canada discharge untreated spent cooking liquor containing substantial amounts of dissolved organic pollutants. The Wastewater Technology Centre has conducted a study on the chemical characterization and biotreatability of spent liquor from a high-yield sulphite (HYS) and an ultra-high-yield sulphite (UHYS) pulping operation. Batch bioassays revealed a high degree of aerobic treatability, including filterable COD removals of 60-65% and 70–75% from HYS and UHYS waste liquor, respectively. Anaerobic treatment was found to be much less suitable as evidenced by severely inhibited methane production rates and impaired treatment efficiencies during batch serum bottle testing of 5-20% v/v spent liquor. Anaerobic bioassays over a 70-day incubation period with 5% HYS waste liquor produced relatively low filt-COD and filt-BOD5 removals of 30% and 75%, respectively. Even poorer performance results were observed at increased test concentrations. Although the degree of anaerobic treatment was somewhat better for the lower-strength UHYS liquor, a high level of dilution (i.e., 10-20 fold) was still required. The elevated concentrations of total sulphur and particularly sulphite-sulphur of 13.5 and 4.8 g/L respectively in HYS spent liquor, and of 3.6 and 1.3 g/ L in UHYS liquor, were apparently responsible for much of the toxic effects on the unacclimated anaerobic biomass.
Technical Review of Methods to Enhance Biological Degradation in Sanitary Landfills
Authors: Warith M.A. , Sharma R. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Biological processes are known to reduce the organic fraction of municipal solid waste, but current landfilling practices have not been altered to reflect this knowledge. The advantages of enhancing degradation of solid waste are as follows: reduced period of leachate treatment, increased methane production, expedited landfill site reclamation through stabilized waste mining, and accelerated subsidence permitting recovery of valuable landfill air space. The techniques that can be used to enhance biological degradation include leachate recirculation, addition of nutrients, shredding, sludge addition, lift design, temperature and moisture content management. Manipulation of these variables promotes a more conducive environment for microbial activity. Research on landfill management strategies through laboratory and full-scale studies has shown the validity of applying the enhancement techniques with regards to reducing leachate strength and increasing methane production. These practices focus on the use of landfills as bioreactors, which enables long-term flexibility and assures compliance with future regulations and discharge standards.
Tamarix articulata (T. articulata) - An Important Halophytic Medicinal Plant with Potential Pharmacological Properties
Authors: Alnuqaydan Abdullah M. , Rah Bilal 
Published: March 2019

Background:Tamarix Articulata (T. articulata), commonly known as Tamarisk or Athal in Arabic region, belongs to the Tamaricaece species. It is an important halophytic medicinal plant and a good source of polyphenolic phytochemical(s). In traditional medicines, T. articulata extract is commonly used, either singly or in combination with other plant extracts against different ailments since ancient times.Methods:Electronic database survey via Pubmed, Google Scholar, Researchgate, Scopus and Science Direct were used to review the scientific inputs until October 2018, by searching appropriate keywords. Literature related to pharmacological activities of T. articulata, Tamarix species, phytochemical analysis of T. articulata, biological activities of T. articulata extracts. All of these terms were used to search the scientific literature associated with T. articulata; the dosage of extract, route of administration, extract type, and in-vitro and in-vivo model.Results:Numerous reports revealed that T. articulata contains a wide spectrum of phytochemical(s), which enables it to have a wide window of biological properties. Owing to the presence of high content of phytochemical compounds like polyphenolics and flavonoids, T. articulata is a potential source of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative properties. In view of these pharmacological properties, T. articulata could be a potential drug candidate to treat various clinical conditions including cancer in the near future.Conclusion:In this review, the spectrum of phytochemical(s) has been summarized for their pharmacological properties and the mechanisms of action, and the possible potential therapeutic applications of this plant against various diseases discussed.
Development of Radiofrequency Saturation Amplitude-independent Quantitative Markers for Magnetization Transfer MRI of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Huang Xunan , Schurr Ryan N. , Wang Shuzhen , Miao Qiguang , Li Tanping , Jia Guang 
Published: March 2019

Background:In the United States, prostate cancer has a relatively large impact on men's health. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is useful for the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer.Introduction:The purpose of this study was to develop a quantitative marker for use in prostate cancer magnetization transfer (MT) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies that is independent of radiofrequency (RF) saturation amplitude.Methods:Eighteen patients with biopsy-proven prostate cancer were enrolled in this study. MTMRI images were acquired using four RF saturation amplitudes at 33 frequency offsets. ROIs were delineated for the peripheral zone (PZ), central gland (CG), and tumor. Z-spectral data were collected in each region and fit to a three-parameter equation. The three parameters are: the magnitude of the bulk water pool (Aw), the full width at half maximum of the water pool (Gw), and the magnitude of the bound pool (Ab), while, the slopes from the linear regressions of Gw and Ab on RF saturation amplitude (called kAb and kGw) were used as quantitative markers.Results:A pairwise statistically significant difference was found between the PZ and tumor regions for the two saturation amplitude-independent quantitative markers. No pairwise statistically significant differences were found between the CG and tumor regions for any quantitative markers.Conclusion:The significant differences between the values of the two RF saturation amplitudeindependent quantitative markers in the PZ and tumor regions reveal that these markers may be capable of distinguishing healthy PZ tissue from prostate cancer.
Brain Tissue Segmentation from Magnetic Resonance Brain Images Using Histogram Based Swarm Optimization Techniques
Authors: Thiruvasagam Priya , Palanisamy Kalavathi 
Published: March 2019

Background and Objective:
In order to reduce time complexity and to improve the
computational efficiency in diagnosing process, automated brain tissue segmentation for magnetic
resonance brain images is proposed in this paper.

Methods:
This method incorporates two processes, the first one is preprocessing and the second
one is segmentation of brain tissue using Histogram based Swarm Optimization techniques. The
proposed method was investigated with images obtained from twenty volumes and eighteen volumes
of T1-Weighted images obtained from Internet Brain Segmentation Repository (IBSR), Alzheimer
disease images from Minimum Interval Resonance Imaging in Alzheimer's Disease (MIRIAD)
and T2-Weighted real-time images collected from SBC Scan Center Dindigul.

Results:
The proposed technique was tested with three brain image datasets. Quantitative evaluation
was done with Jaccard (JC) and Dice (DC) and also it was compared with existing swarm optimization
techniques and other methods like Adaptive Maximum a posteriori probability (AMAP),
Biased Maximum a posteriori Probability (BMAP), Maximum a posteriori Probability (MAP),
Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Tree structure K-Means (TK-Means).

Conclusion:
The performance comparative analysis shows that our proposed method Histogram
based Darwinian Particle Swarm Optimization (HDPSO) gives better results than other proposed
techniques such as Histogram based Particle Swarm Optimization (HPSO), Histogram based Fractional
Order Darwinian Particle Swarm Optimization (HFODPSO) and with existing swarm optimization
techniques and other techniques like Adaptive Maximum a posteriori Probability
(AMAP), Biased Maximum a posteriori Probability (BMAP), Maximum a posteriori Probability
(MAP), Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Tree structure K-Means (TK-Means).
Antioxidant, Antitumor and Bactericidal Activities of Ethyl Gallate Quinoxalines
Authors: Lima Rafaely N. , Gonçalves Jaqueline R. , Silva Valdenizia R. , de S. Santos Luciano , Bezerra Daniel P. , Soares Milena B.P. , Leitão Andrei , Porto André L.M. 
Published: March 2019

Background:
Quinoxaline, a fused heterocycle of benzene and pyrazine rings are becoming
recognized as a potent class of anti-cancer compounds, such as, in a wide array of pharmacological
activities.

Methods:
We evaluate the three gallate quinoxalines (G-A1, G-A2, and G-A3) as c-Met kinase inhibitors
using a docking study, in vitro anticancer potential measurements, antioxidant and bactericidal activities.

Results:
The docking study showed hydrogen bond linkage of quinoxalines with amino acids at active
site of c-Met kinase structures, indicating a possible cancer inhibition cell proliferation. Therefore, the
three quinoxalines were analyzed against four in vitro cancer cell lines, and G-A1 demonstrated cytotoxicity
against HL-60 and HCT116 cell lines (IC50= 9.55 and IC50= 16.67 μmol L-1, respectively). In
HepG2 and MCF-7 cells, the IC50 were 22.48 and 33.42 μmol L-1, respectively. For G-A2 and G-A3,
cytotoxic activity ranged from 61.22 to >101.21 μmol L-1. Potent antioxidant activities were also obtained
for G-A2>G-A1>G-A3 (IC50= 4.5-8.4 μmol L-1 and AAI= 8.8-17.8). Six different Bacillius
strains showed growth inhibition (11.33 to 13.33 mm) in the presence of quinoxaline G-A1 (500 μg).

Conclusion:
The present work showed the biological potential of quinoxalines G-A1, G-A2 and G-A3
in inhibiting four cancer cells proliferation, in addition to a very strong antioxidant activity.
Combined Effects of Thermal Radiation and Magnetohydrodynamic on Peristaltic Flow of Nanofluids: Applications to Radiotherapy and Thermotherapy of Cancer
Authors: Hasona Wahed , Almalki Nawal , ElShekhipy Abdelhafeez , Ibrahim Mohamed 
Published: March 2019

Background:Cancer is deadly to most of its patients. Consequently, researchers and modelers studies show that there are many ways to cure and destroy it. One of the effective ways is to inject the blood vessel close to the tumor with magnetic nanoparticles. Another way called the radiation therapy or radiotherapy, which eradicates cancer cells through high doses of radiation.Objective:This paper opts to investigate the influences of thermal radiation and variable electrical conductivity on peristaltic flow of Carreau Nanofluids. First order chemical reaction, Dufour and Soret effects are taken into consideration.Methods:The resulting system of partial differential equations is solved numerically with the aid of Parametric-NDSolve. Results for velocity, temperature and concentration distributions are obtained in the analytical two-dimensional and three-dimensional forms. The streamlines graphs are offered in the terminus, elucidating the trapping bolus phenomenon.Results:It has been found that thermal radiation is a decreasing function in the temperature of the fluid. As the temperature decreases, the diameter of the nanoparticles increases i.e., the volume of nanoparticle and its concentration increases and become more effective near tumor tissues.Conclusion:Radiotherapy and Thermotherapy are effective methods to cure and damage the tumor tissues.
Dynamic Sliding Mode Control Based on Fractional Calculus Subject to Uncertain Delay Based Chaotic Pneumatic Robot
Authors: Gholipour Sara , Shandiz Heydar Toosian , Alizadeh Mobin , Minagar Sara , Kazemitabar Javad 
Published: March 2019

Background & Objective:This paper considers the chattering problem of sliding mode control in the presence of delay in robot manipulator causing chaos in such electromechanical systems. Fractional calculus was used in order to produce a novel sliding mode to eliminate chatter. To realize the control of a class of chaotic systems in master-slave configuration, a novel fractional dynamic sliding mode control scheme is presented and examined on the delay based chaotic robot. Also, the stability of the closed-loop system is guaranteed by Lyapunov stability theory.Methods:A control scheme is proposed for reducing the chattering problem in finite time tracking and robust in presence of system matched disturbances.Results:Moreover, delayed robot motions are sorted out for qualitative and quantitative study. Finally, numerical simulations illustrate feasibility of the proposed control method.Conclusion:The control scheme is viable.
Spectral Efficient and Reliable Irregular QC-LDPC Channel Coding Scheme for 5G Vehicular Applications
Authors: Arora Komal , Singh Jaswinder , Randhawa Yogeshwar Singh 
Published: March 2019

Background and Objective:
Today’s wireless systems i.e. 4G systems are facing major
issues of spectral inefficiency, and unreliability for high speed applications. To address these issues,
5G systems have chosen LDPC codes and replaced earlier used Turbo Codes for the purpose of
Channel encoding. This paper proposes a design method for Irregular QC- LDPC codes with better
spectral efficiency and reliability that too at higher speed.

Methods:
This paper describes the analysis of LDPC codes and their comparison with different encoding
techniques. Also, it describes the design method for Irregular QC- LDPC codes and elaborates
its applications in high-pace vehicular 5G scenario.

Conclusion:
This paper focuses on the design method for irregular QC-LDPC codes and using
MATLAB simulations illustrated that these codes have better reliability and spectral efficiency as
compared with conventional LDPC codes in high-speed environments.
Digital Twin and Shadow in Smart Pork Fetteners
Authors: Erdélyi Viktor , Jánosi László 
Published: March 2019

This paper introduces our ongoing research in the field of smart livestock farming. The base idea in this research is to take some industry based concepts, and adapt them into agriculture. In Industry we live the fourth industrial revolution, which is not a technical, but an organization revolution. So in this concept there are two key ideas, which are digital twin, and digital shadow. This article is about creating digital twin and digital shadow of a modern pig fattener. These models are based on the literature, and are identified on the data shared in these. However, these models can’t be used on real systems before identifying them on the actual circumstances. At this stage of research only digital twin of the product was created, and only some aspects of it. This however can simulate an average porkers feed consumption, weight growth and calculate the weight on certain stages of breeding. Further development is ongoing and our target is to make a fully functional model of a pig fattener.