bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fruitless Wolfberry-Sprout Extract Rescued Cognitive Deficits and Attenuated Neuropathology in Alzheimer’s Disease Transgenic Mice
Authors: Liu Shu-Ying , Lu Shuai , Yu Xiao-Lin , Yang Shi-Gao , Liu Wen , Liu Xiang-Meng , Wang Shao-Wei , Zhu Jie , Ji Mei , Liu Dong-Qun , Zhang Zi-Ping , Liu Rui-tian 
Published: April 2018

Background:
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease featured by memory
loss, neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. Overproduction or insufficient clearance of Aβ leads to its
pathological aggregation and deposition, which is considered the predominant neuropathological hallmark
of AD. Therefore, reducing Aβ levels and inhibiting Aβ-induced neurotoxicity are feasible therapeutic
strategies for AD treatment. Wolfberry has been traditionally used as a natural antioxidant and
anti-aging product. However, whether wolfberry species has therapeutic potential on AD remains unknown.

Method:
The effects of fruitless wolfberry-sprout extract (FWE) on Aβ fibrillation and fibril disaggregation
was measured by thioflavin T fluorescence and transmission electron microscope imaging; Aβ oligomer
level was determined by dot-blot; Cell viability and apoptosis was assessed by MTT and TUNEL
assay. The levels of Aβ40/42, oxidative stress biomarkers and inflammatory cytokines were detected by
corresponding kits. 8-month-old male APP/PS1 mice and their age-matched WT littermates were treated
with FWE or vehicle by oral administration (gavage) once a day for 4 weeks. Then the cognitive performance
was determined using object recognition test and Y-maze test. The Aβ burden and gliosis was
evaluated by immunostaining and immunoblotting, respectively.

Results:
FWE significantly inhibited Aβ fibrillation and disaggregated the formed Aβ fibrils, lowered
Aβ oligomer level and Aβ-induced neuro-cytotoxicity, and attenuated oxidative stress in vitro. Oral administration
of FWE remarkably improved cognitive function, reduced Aβ burden, decreased gliosis and
inflammatory cytokines release, and ameliorated oxidative stress in the brains of APP/PS1 mice.

Conclusion:
These findings indicate that FWE is a promising natural agent for AD treatment.
İlkokul Öğrencilerinin Kelime Uzunluğuna Göre Okuma Hızlarının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Babayiğit Özgür 
Published: April 2018

İlkokul öğrencilerinin okuma
becerilerini en iyi şekilde kazanmaları Türkçe dersinin ana amaçlarından
biridir. Bu araştırmanın amacı ilkokul öğrencilerinin kelime uzunluğuna
göre okuma hızlarının değerlendirilmesidir. Araştırma 2017 yılı mayıs ayında Yozgat
il merkezindeki bir devlet ilkokulunda gerçekleştirilmiştir. İlkokul
öğrencilerinin kelime uzunluğuna göre okuma hızlarının tespit edilmesi
amaçlanan bu araştırma nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden tarama (survey)
araştırması türündedir. Araştırmanın evrenini Yozgat il merkezindeki
ilkokullarda öğrenim gören ilkokul öğrencileri oluşturmaktadır. Örneklemini ise
Yozgat il merkezindeki bir devlet ilkokulundaki öğrenciler oluşturmaktadır.
Toplamda 342 ilkokul öğrencisinden veri toplanmıştır. Veri toplama aracı
araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilmiştir. Veriler, araştırmacı tarafından
hazırlanan “Kelime uzunluğuna göre okuma hızı tespit formu” ile toplanmıştır.
Verilerin analizi için betimsel istatistiklerden frekans, yüzde ve ortalama;
çıkarımsal istatistiklerden ilişkisiz örneklemler için tek faktörlü varyans
analizi (one-way anova) kullanılmıştır. İlkokul sınıf seviyelerinin kelime uzunluğuna göre ortalamaları alındığı
zaman, ilkokul birinci sınıf öğrencilerinin kelimeleri ortalama okuma süresi 72
salise, ikinci sınıf öğrencilerinin kelimeleri ortalama okuma süresinin 48
salise, üçüncü sınıf öğrencilerinin kelimeleri ortalama okuma süresinin 28
salise, dördüncü sınıf öğrencilerinin kelimeleri ortalama okuma süresi 26
salise, tüm ilkokul öğrencilerinin kelimeleri ortalama okuma süresinin 44
salise olduğu görülmektedir. İlkokul öğrencilerinin sınıf seviyelerine göre
kelime okuma hızları bakımından anlamlı bir fark olduğunu göstermektedir F(3,
338)=184, p&lt;.01. Başka bir deyişle, ilkokul öğrencilerinin kelime okuma hızı
sınıf seviyelerine göre anlamlı bir şekilde değişmektedir.
Opioid Analgesics and Adverse Outcomes among Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Ishida Julie H. , McCulloch Charles E. , Steinman Michael A. , Grimes Barbara A. , Johansen Kirsten L. 
Published: April 2018

Background and objectives
Patients on hemodialysis frequently experience pain and may be particularly vulnerable to opioid-related complications. However, data evaluating the risks of opioid use in patients on hemodialysis are limited.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Using the US Renal Data System, we conducted a cohort study evaluating the association between opioid use (modeled as a time-varying exposure and expressed in standardized oral morphine equivalents) and time to first emergency room visit or hospitalization for altered mental status, fall, and fracture among 140,899 Medicare-covered adults receiving hemodialysis in 2011. We evaluated risk according to average daily total opioid dose (>60 mg, ≤60 mg, and per 60-mg dose increment) and specific agents (per 60-mg dose increment).

Results
The median age was 61 years old, 52% were men, and 50% were white. Sixty-four percent received opioids, and 17% had an episode of altered mental status (15,658 events), fall (7646 events), or fracture (4151 events) in 2011. Opioid use was associated with risk for all outcomes in a dose-dependent manner: altered mental status (lower dose: hazard ratio, 1.28; 95% confidence interval, 1.23 to 1.34; higher dose: hazard ratio, 1.67; 95% confidence interval, 1.56 to 1.78; hazard ratio, 1.29 per 60 mg; 95% confidence interval, 1.26 to 1.33), fall (lower dose: hazard ratio, 1.28; 95% confidence interval, 1.21 to 1.36; higher dose: hazard ratio, 1.45; 95% confidence interval, 1.31 to 1.61; hazard ratio, 1.04 per 60 mg; 95% confidence interval, 1.03 to 1.05), and fracture (lower dose: hazard ratio, 1.44; 95% confidence interval, 1.33 to 1.56; higher dose: hazard ratio, 1.65; 95% confidence interval, 1.44 to 1.89; hazard ratio, 1.04 per 60 mg; 95% confidence interval, 1.04 to 1.05). All agents were associated with a significantly higher hazard of altered mental status, and several agents were associated with a significantly higher hazard of fall and fracture.

Conclusions
Opioids were associated with adverse outcomes in patients on hemodialysis, and this risk was present even at lower dosing and for agents that guidelines have recommended for use.
Prevalence of Hypertension in Children with Early-Stage ADPKD
Authors: Massella Laura , Mekahli Djalila , Paripović Dušan , Prikhodina Larisa , Godefroid Nathalie , Niemirska Anna , Ağbaş Ayşe , Kalicka Karolina , Jankauskiene Augustina , Mizerska-Wasiak Malgorzata , Afonso Alberto Caldas , Salomon Rémi , Deschênes Georges , Ariceta Gema , Özçakar Z. Birsin , Teixeira Ana , Duzova Ali , Harambat Jérôme , Seeman Tomáš , Hrčková Gabriela , Lungu Adrian Catalin , Papizh Svetlana , Peco-Antic Amira , De Rechter Stéphanie , Giordano Ugo , Kirchner Marietta , Lutz Teresa , Schaefer Franz , Devuyst Olivier , Wühl Elke , Emma Francesco 
Published: April 2018

Background and objectives
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is the most common inheritable kidney disease, frequently thought to become symptomatic in adulthood. However, patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease may develop signs or symptoms during childhood, in particular hypertension. Although ambulatory BP monitoring is the preferred method to diagnose hypertension in pediatrics, data in children with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease are limited.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Our retrospective multicenter study was conducted to collect ambulatory BP monitoring recordings from patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease age <18 years old. Basic anthropometric parameters as well as data on kidney function, BP treatment, and kidney ultrasound were also collected.

Results
Data from 310 children with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease with a mean age of 11.5±4.1 years old were collected at 22 European centers. At the time when ambulatory BP monitoring was performed, 95% of children had normal kidney function. Reference data for ambulatory BP monitoring were available for 292 patients. The prevalence rates of children with hypertension and/or those who were treated with antihypertensive drugs were 31%, 42%, and 35% during daytime, nighttime, or the entire 24-hour cycle, respectively. In addition, 52% of participants lacked a physiologic nocturnal BP dipping, and 18% had isolated nocturnal hypertension. Logistic regression analysis showed a significant association between a categorical cyst score that was calculated on the basis of the number of cysts >1 cm per kidney and daytime hypertension (odds ratio, 1.70; 95% confidence interval, 1.21 to 2.4; P=0.002), nighttime hypertension (odds ratio, 1.31; 95% confidence interval, 1.05 to 1.63; P=0.02), or 24-hour hypertension (odds ratio, 1.39; 95% confidence interval, 1.08 to 1.81; P=0.01). Kidney length, expressed as SD score, was also significantly associated with nighttime hypertension (odds ratio, 1.23; 95% confidence interval, 1.06 to 1.42; P=0.10).

Conclusions
These data indicate high prevalence of hypertension in children with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease starting at young ages.
Manejo sustentable de plagas agrícolas en México
Authors: Zepeda Jazo Isaac 
Published: April 2018

Â El uso indiscriminado de plaguicidas, primero por necesidad y ahora por desconocimiento, ha mermado y dañando la actividad agrícola del país. Aun en pequeñas áreas de cultivo dependemos del desarrollo de nueva tecnología para el manejo de las plagas agrícolas. Si bien los plaguicidas, fertilizantes y maquinaria agrícola han sido parte importante en el aumento de la producción agrícola, han mostrado no ser, al menos para los pesticidas químicos, una estrategia segura y sustentable para el manejo de plagas. La desconfianza y la falta de información han impedido adoptar estrategias amigables con el medio que permitan un manejo sustentable de las plagas. En esta revisión se brinda un análisis de los principales fenómenos que influencian la implementación de medidas de control de plagas en el país y, a su vez, propone que se contemplen aspectos agroecológicos, económicos y culturales de cada región, partiendo de un análisis concienzudo de las metas alcanzables a corto y mediano plazo, con miras a restaurar el equilibrio biológico y la sustentabilidad del campo mexicano. Enfocado ex profeso a la situación actual del campo mexicano, este estudio puede servir como punto de partida para el diseño de programas que consideren la heterogeneidad del agro mexicano.
Aplicações de toxina botulínica tipo A como um meio terapêutico em doenças distônicas
Authors: Santos Tayrane Lima , Quaresma Marielle Pires 
Published: April 2018

Há mais de 20 anos a toxina botulínica tipo A é utilizada na clínica médica para inúmeras desordens involuntárias da musculatura, como o blefaroespasmo, distonia cervical, estrabismo e paralisia cerebral. A toxina botulínica tipo A é produzida por Clostridium botulinum, bactéria gram-positiva, anaeróbica, produtora de esporos. Tal toxina possui 7 formas antigenicamente distintas A, B, C, D, E, F, G. A toxina age nas terminações nervosas, impedindo a exocitose da acetilcolina na fenda pré-sináptica, fazendo com que haja o relaxamento da musculatura esquelética. Estudos com duplo cegos e placebo controlados, mostraram a eficácia deste tratamento. Objetivos: revisão de literatura sobre as aplicações de toxina botulínica em pacientes distônicos e seus efeitos colaterais, possibilitando mais conhecimento sobre essa alternativa terapêutica e suas limitações, tornando-se assim um estudo importante na reabilitação destes pacientes. Métodos: a busca bibliográfica deste trabalho foi retirada das seguintes bases de dados: Google Acadêmico, PUBMED, SciELO, BIREME. Foram priorizados trabalhos publicados no período de 2006 á 2015. Foram encontrados 228 trabalhos como artigos, monografias, dissertações e teses. Após aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e os critérios de exclusão, onde resultou em 43 trabalhos para a elaboração desta pesquisa.
Toshiba's Creative Accounting for Construction Contracts
Authors: Dugar Amitabh , Gujarathi Mahendra R. 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT
This case aims to help you understand how a world-known Japanese conglomerate—Toshiba Corporation—managed its earnings using the percentage-of-completion method to account for construction contracts in its Energy and Infrastructure division. In response to inquiries from Japan's Securities and Exchange Surveillance Commission (SESC) and internal investigations, Toshiba restated its earnings for an extended period (2008–2014) by the staggering amount of $1.86 billion. Twenty-one percent of this amount related to its improper accounting for construction contracts. The case requires you to research authoritative accounting literature, evaluate Toshiba's accounting practices, and determine which GAAP-compliant procedures Toshiba should have followed. The case assignment intends to improve your ability to (1) identify, interpret, and apply the new revenue recognition standard (ASC 606), (2) appreciate the distinction between a company's stated accounting policies and their implementation, (3) recognize the importance of estimates and judgments in the accounting process, and (4) understand the critical role played by the senior management and organizational culture in the assurance of integrity in financial reports.
Middle Road Media: A Codification Research Case on the Accounting for Software Development Activities
Authors: McNellis Casey J. 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT
The accounting for software development costs is a complex issue within the financial accounting curriculum. While intermediate-level texts address the relevant issues, this case provides a rich context for students to learn and apply knowledge of the topic while developing critical-thinking and professional research skills. The instructional case addresses a hypothetical scenario of a company's development of an internal-use software system that ultimately prompts the creation of a software product sold by the company to customers. Students are required to determine the appropriate recognition of the software development costs, as well as the presentation of those costs and proceeds from customers on the company's financial statements.
KARAKTERISASI MOLEKULER NUCLEAOPOLYHEDROVIRUS (NPV) HYPOSIDRA TALACA WLK. DI PERKEBUNAN TEH GUNUNG MAS BOGOR
Authors: Kusumah R. Yayi Munara , Revi Lestia , Kurniawati Fitrianingrum 
Published: April 2018

Characterize molecular the Nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV) Hyposidra talaca Wlk. of tea plantation at Gunung Mas Bogor. Hyposidra talaca is one of the most important pest in tea plantation, and generally attacks of leaves and shoots. This pest cause yield loss up to 40-100%. NPV can be pathogenic to the pest of H. talaca and can be developed as an alternative measure to control H. talaca in tea plantations and based management appears to be more ecofriendly and effective. However, information regarding characterisation molecular of HytaNPV is limited. The study conducted to characterize molecular the NPV of H. talaca by restriction nucleotide and amino acid, by using gens lef-8. Molecular identification used Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) consisted of DNA extraction, DNA amplication, and DNA electrophoresis. DNA amplication using gen lef-8 showed positif result with approximately 770 bp. Gen lef-8 can identified HytaNPV. DNA sequance showed that isolate HytaNPV Bogor had high homology of pathogonic NPV of genus Helicoverpa from Brazil, Australia, Spanyol and Netherland with homology nucleotide and amino acid reached 98% and 100%. Based on philogeny tree of HytaNPV was one group with pathogenic NPV of genus Helicoverpa.
KESINTASAN BEBERAPA JAMUR ANTAGONIS PADA BUAH CABAI DAN POTENSINYA DALAM MENEKAN PENYAKIT ANTRAKNOSA YANG DISEBABKAN OLEH COLLETOTRICHUM GLOEOSPORIOIDES
Authors: . Nurbailis , . Martinius , Naipinta Rizka 
Published: April 2018

Persistence of several antagonistic fungus on chilli and its potential to suppress anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Anthracnose disease caused by C. gloeosporioides is one of the important diseases on chilli because its directly gives negative impact on chilli production. The aim of this research was to obtain the superior antagonistic fungi that have ability to persist on chili fruit and potential to control anthracnose disease caused by C. gloeosporioides The experiment consist of two units: 1. Testing of persistence ability of antagonistic fungi on chilli fruit, 2. Testing the potential of antagonistic fungi to suppress anthracnose disease on chilli fruit. Both of the test used Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 10 treatments and 4 replication, each of replication consist of 4 chilies fruit. Those treatments were Trichoderma-PP1, Trichoderma-PP3, Trichoderma-AG2, Trichoderma-PYK3, Paecilomyces-PP6, Paecilomyces-PP7, Paecilomyces-AG4, Paecilomyces-PYK4, Aspergillus PP2 and without antagonistic fungi (control). The result indicated that all antagonistic fungi isolate could persist on chili fruit. The highest persistence were Trichoderma-PP3 and TrichodermaAG2 (95.83%) and the lowest belonged to Paecilomyces-PP7 (50%). Trichoderma-PP3 and Trichoderma-AG2 were the best isolates for suppressing anthracnose disease caused by C. gloeosporioides.
Monitoring of 137CS and 40K in the Levice District, Southern Slovakia
Authors: Kanta M. , Beňová K. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The contamination of the environment, soil and meat of wild animals with radionuclides can negatively affect human health. The aim of our study was to analyse the risk arising from post-Chernobyl contamination of the meat of wild boars (Sus scrofa) originating from the district Levice, southern Slovakia, with the radioactive artificial element 137Cs. The level of natural radionuclide 40K was also determined. We examined altogether 45 samples obtained from 9 wild boars hunted in this area during the period of 2013—2015. From each animal we collected and analysed samples from the thigh, stomach contents, stomach muscles and skin. We also examined samples of soil from the locations where these animals were shot. The activity values of radioactive caesium 137Cs determined in this study were very low and therefore the consumption of wild boar meat originating from this location presents no risk to human health.
The Role of Meningococcal Porin B in Protein-Protein Interactions with Host Cells
Authors: Káňová E. , Jiménez-Munguía I. , Čomor Ľ. , Tkáčová Z. , Širochmanová I. , Bhide K. , Bhide M. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Neisseria meningitidis is a Gram-negative diplococcus responsible for bacterial meningitis and fatal sepsis. Ligand-receptor interactions are one of the main steps in the development of neuroinvasion. Porin B (PorB), neisserial outer membrane protein (ligand), binds to host receptors and triggers many cell signalling cascades allowing the meningococcus to damage the host cells or induce immune cells responses via the TLR2-dependent mechanisms. In this paper, we present a brief review of the structure and function of PorB.
Scalp arteriovenous malformation: A case report with review
Authors: Gupta Asheesh Kumar , Iyengar S.N. , Sharma Anand 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) of the scalp is a rare lesion whose natural history remains to be elucidated. Clinical symptoms, usually, range from an asymptomatic lesion, local discomfort, headaches to necrosis and massive hemorrhage. Selective angiography remains the cornerstone for investigation. Complete surgical excision, embolization or an approach combining the modalities is curative. It can also cause massive hemorrhages due to dryness of the overlying skin and injuries. In this report we describe the clinical and radiological features of a patient with a scalp arteriovenous malformation.
A case report on result of posterior fossa decompression on syringomyelia in a case of chiary type I malformation
Authors: Gupta Asheesh Kumar , Shukla Avdhesh , Sharma Anand , Iyengar S.N. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The prime objective in the surgical treatment of Chiari malformation (CM) and/or syringomyelia (SM) is based on the restoration of the normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics at the craniovertebral junction through the creation of a large artificial cisterna magna. In this case a patient came to our hospital with type 1 chiary malformation having large syrinx which underwent posterior fossa decompression by midline sub occipital craniectomy with subpial cerebellar tonsillar resection which after one year of follow up we have found significant resolution of syrinx radiologically.
Conflict in Papua New Guinea Mining: The 1993-95 Porgera Dispute
Authors: Imbun Benedict , Morris Richard 
Published: April 2018

This article examines and assesses the significance of a recent major dispute in the Papua New Guinea (PNG) mining industry. The Porgera dispute lasted a year and a half and arguably crystallised a new departure in industrial relations in an industry which is the largest single source of private sector employment and export earnings. Although the official eulogies of PNG as a "mountain of gold floating in a sea of oil" are somewhat exaggerated, the role of mining is paramount in what is basically, for 85 percent of the population, a subsistence agriculture economy. In 1993, mining provided 88 percent of the country's export earnings. At the same time about one-third of PNG's formal sector workforce were employed in mining. Without going into elaborate definitional issues, we argue that, despite imperfections in its institutions, the recent Porgera dispute is evidence of a strengthening of "pluralism" (understood in terms of collaborative bargaining and compromise in dispute management), in PNG industrial relations.