bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using a burr hole valve prevents proximal shunt failure in infants and toddlers
Authors: Hsu Chiu-Hao , Chou Sheng-Che , Yang Shih-Hung , Shih Ming-Chieh , Kuo Meng-Fai 
Published: June 2019

OBJECTIVEProximal malfunction is the most common cause of ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt failure in young children. In this study, the authors sought to determine factors that affect the migration rate of ventricular catheters in hydrocephalic children who undergo shunt implantation in the first 3 years of life.METHODSThe authors reviewed the medical records and imaging studies of newly diagnosed and treated hydrocephalic children who were younger than 3 years. Patients who received VP shunt insertion through the parieto-occipital route were not included. In total, 78 patients were found who underwent VP shunt insertion between December 2006 and April 2017. Eighteen patients were excluded due to mortality, short follow-up period (< 1 year), and lack of imaging follow-up. The age, sex, etiology of hydrocephalus, initial length of ventricular catheter, valve type (burr hole vs non–burr hole), time to ventricular catheter migration, subsequent revision surgery, and follow-up period were analyzed. The diagnosis of a migrated ventricular catheter was made when serial imaging follow-up showed progressive withdrawal of the catheter tip from the ventricle, with the catheter shorter than 4 mm inside the ventricle, or progressive deviation of the ventricular catheter toward the midline or anterior ventricular wall.RESULTSSixty patients were enrolled. The mean age was 5.1 months (range 1–30 months). The mean follow-up period was 50.9 months (range 13–91 months). Eight patients had ventricular catheter migration, and in 7 of these 8 patients a non–burr hole valve was used. In the nonmigration group, a non–burr hole valve was used in only 6 of the 52 patients. Six of the 8 patients with catheter migration needed second surgeries, which included removal of the shunt due to disconnection in 1 patient. The remaining 2 patients with shunt migration were followed for 91 and 46 months, respectively, without clinical and imaging changes. The authors found that patient age at catheter insertion, ventricular catheter length, and the use of a burr hole valve were protective factors against migration. After ventricular catheter length and patient age at catheter insertion were treated as confounding variables and adjusted with multivariable Weibull proportional hazards regression, the use of a burr hole valve shunt remained a protective factor.CONCLUSIONSThe use of burr hole valves is a protective factor against ventricular catheter migration when the shunt is inserted via a frontal route. The authors suggest the use of a burr hole valve along with a frontal entry point in hydrocephalic children younger than 3 years to maintain long-term shunt function.
Pendekatan Theraplay Untuk Meningkatkan Pengetahuan dan Keterampilan Bermain dengan Anak Penyandang Kanker pada Guru Sekolah-Ku
Authors: Dewi Kumalasari  
Published: June 2019

Pendahuluan. Sekolah-ku’ merupakan suatu program yang bertujuan memberikan kesempatan anak-anak penyandang kanker untuk belajar bagi yang ingin mengikuti pelajaran sekolahnya sehingga bila mereka telah menyelesaikan pengobatan/ perawatan penyakit kanker dapat segera mengikuti pelajaran kembali. Tujuan dari intervensi ini adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan para guru ‘Sekolah-ku’ dalam menerapkan prinsip-prinsip theraplay dalam kegiatan pembelajaran dan interaksi dengan anak didik penderita kanker. Metode. Modul kegiatan akan disusun berdasarkan sudut pandang teori Theraplay dan data kualitatif yang didapatkan dari focus group discussion (FGD) kepada guru-guru. Melalui FGD, dipetakan pengetahuan dasar para guru mengenai kegiatan bermain. Berdasarkan hasil pemetaan tersebut, akan disusun modul pelatihan dengan pendekatan Theraplay yang terdiri dari 2 sesi. Untuk mengetahui efek dari pelatihan, akan dilakukan pengetahuan prinsip dan aplikasi Theraplay sebelum dan sesudah pelatihan. Evaluasi dari efek pelatihan dilakukan dengan membandingkan pengetahuan prinsip dan aplikasi Theraplay sebelum dan sesudah pelatihan. Hasil. Terdapat perbedaan pengetahuan perbedaan yang signifikan dalam pengetahuan mengenai theraplay (Z=-3.236, p<0.05) pada peserta pelatihan sebelum dan sesudah kegiatan pelatihan. Dari hasil follow up tampak bahwa perilaku yang mengindikasikan dimensi-dimensi dalam theraplay telah muncul sebesar 52,78% hingga 86,11%.
Psychoneuroendocrinology and Clinical Psychology
Authors: Fischer Susanne , Ehlert Ulrike 
Published: June 2019

Hormones impact on cognition, emotions, and behaviour. Given that mental disorders are defined by abnormalities in these very same domains, clinical psychologists may benefit from learning more about alterations in endocrine systems, how they can contribute to symptoms commonly experienced by patients, and how such knowledge may be put to use in clinical practice.The aim of the present scientific update was to provide a brief overview of endocrine research relevant to the aetiology, diagnostics, and treatment of mental disorders, including some of the latest studies in this area.Hormones appear to be intrinsic to the development and maintenance of mental disorders. Oxytocin is involved in social cognition and behaviour and as such may be relevant to mental disorders characterised by social deficits (e.g., autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia). Stress and sex steroids exert demonstrable effects on mood and cognition. In patients with depression and anxiety disorders, initial attempts to lower/enhance such hormones have thus been undertaken within conventional therapies in order to improve outcomes. Finally, hunger and satiety hormones may be involved in the vicious circle of dysfunctional eating behaviours and weight loss/gain in anorexia or bulimia nervosa.Three conclusions can be drawn from this review: First, endocrine research should be considered when patients and clinicians are developing multidimensional illness models together. Second, endocrine markers can complement conventional assessments to provide a more comprehensive account of a patient’s current state. Third, endocrine testing may guide treatment choices and inform the development of novel treatments.Hormones are intrinsic to the development and maintenance of mental disordersEndocrine research should be incorporated into multidimensional illness modelsEndocrine markers can complement conventional diagnostic assessmentsEndocrine testing may guide treatment choices and inform the development of new treatmentsHormones are intrinsic to the development and maintenance of mental disordersEndocrine research should be incorporated into multidimensional illness modelsEndocrine markers can complement conventional diagnostic assessmentsEndocrine testing may guide treatment choices and inform the development of new treatments
Knowledge, Self-Efficacy, Self-Management Behavior of the Patients With Predialysis Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Moktan Satchina , Leelacharas Sirirat , Prapaipanich Wonnapha 
Published: June 2019

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an emerging global public health problem. Control of risk factors and prevention of complications can delay the progression to end-stage renal disease. Self-efficacy and self-management behavior in patients with predialysis CKD has not been investigated in Nepal.
Objectives: To describe knowledge of CKD, self-efficacy, and self-management behavior in patients with predialysis CKD and to determine the relationships between knowledge in CKD and self-efficacy with self-management behavior.
Methods: Ninety-seven predialysis CKD patients visiting nephrology clinic of a tertiary care hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal were recruited from November 2016 to December 2016. Questionnaires comprised of sociodemographic data, CKD knowledge, self-efficacy, and self-management behavior questionnaires were used. Data were analyzed, using descriptive statistics and Pearson product moment correlation coefficient.
Results: The mean age of 97 participants was 45.67 years. There were 3 stages of CKD among participants: stage G4 (54.64%), stage G3 (42.27%), and stage G2 (3.09%), respectively. Hypertension was the most common comorbidity (81.44%) followed by diabetes mellitus (30.92%). Predialysis CKD patients had a moderate level of knowledge on CKD and self-efficacy and high level of self-management behavior. There were positive relationships between knowledge in CKD and self-management behavior (r = 0.52; P < .05), and between self-efficacy and self-management behavior (r = 0.39; P < .05).
Conclusions: This study suggested that education, counseling, workshop to increase the knowledge, self-efficacy, and self-management behavior might be helpful for the predialysis CKD patients. Healthcare providers can educate, motivate, and train the patients to practice self-management behavior to delay the progression of CKD.
Taze Fasulyenin Soğukta Muhafazasında Kalite Değişimlerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: KAYNAŞ Prof. Dr. Kenan , ÖZDEMİR Esra 
Published: June 2019

Çok kısa süre muhafaza
edilebilen fasulyede satış fiyatlarını düzenlemek ve raf ömrünü uzatarak, kabul
edilebilir kalitede ürünün tüketiciye ulaştırılması, böylece üreticinin
korunması amaçlanan bu çalışmada; Çanakkale ilinde (Kösedere Beldesi)
yetiştiriciliği yapılan Atlanta yeşil fasulye çeşidinin taze olarak depolanma
olanakları incelenmiştir. Bu kapsamda çeşide özgü meyve büyüklüğünde hasat
edilen fasulyeler 70C sıcaklık ve %90 oransal nem koşullarını içeren
soğuk depolarda (kontrol), özel su
buharı geçirgenliğine sahip LDPE (polipropilen + ethylvinilin) (MA 1) ve normal LDPE torba (MA 2)
kullanılarak hazırlanan modifiye atmosfer koşullarında 4 hafta süreyle muhafaza
edilmiştir. Muhafaza süresince 10
gün aralıkla meyve suyunda çözünebilir kuru madde, titre edilebilir toplam
asitlik, askorbik asit, bakla renk değişimi, fenolik bileşiklerdeki değişim,
ağırlık kaybı, görsel kalite (1:pazarlanamaz …-3:pazarlanabilir…5: yüksek
kalite) gibi kalite değişimleri
saptanmıştır.

Bulgularımıza göre; Atlanta fasulye
çeşidinin 70C sıcaklıkta depolanma süresince bakla renginde yeşilden
sarıya açılma, renkte parlaklığın kaybolması, SÇKM değerinde artış, askorbik
asit ve TETA değerinde azalma ve fenolik bileşiklerde artışlar saptanmıştır.
Kalite özelliklerindeki bu değişim kontrol meyvelerinde daha yüksek her iki MA
koşullarında daha düşük düzeylerde gerçekleşmiştir. Ayrıca kontrol grubu
fasulyelerde ağırlık kaybı değeri 10 gün
depolamadan sonra kabul edilebilir sınırın çok ötesine geçerken, MA
koşullarında %1’den daha düşük ağırlık kaybı tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, Atlanta fasulye çeşidi normal
koşullarda ancak 10 gün depolanabilirken MA koşullarında bu sürenin 20 – 25 güne
uzatılabileceği saptanmıştır.
Meningkatkan Kemampuan Bahasa Ekspresif Anak Melalui Metode Bercerita Menggunakan Media Boneka Jari
Authors: Hariyanti Hariyanti 
Published: June 2019

Bahasa ekspresif adalah kemampuan yang dimiliki anak untuk mengungkapkan apa yang menjadi keinginannya. Untuk mengembangkan bahasa yang bersifat ekspresif ini seorang anak memerlukan cara yang sesuai dengan tahap perkembangannya dengan memperhatikan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pribadi anak tersebut. Maka dari itu orang tua dan pendidik harus mampu menstimulasi kemampuan anak dalam mengungkapkan apa yang sebenarnya mereka inginkan, tanpa ada paksaan dari orang lain. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah : 1) untuk mengetahui apakah melalui metode bercerita dengan boneka jari dapat meningkatkan kemampuan bahasa ekspresif anak Kelompok A2 TK Negeri Kabupaten Temanggung, 2) Untuk mengetahui bagaimana cara meningkatkan bahasa ekspresif anak melalui metode bercerita dengan boneka jari pada anak Kelompok A2 TK Negeri Kabupaten Temanggung, 3) Untuk mengetahui hasil yang dicapai melalui metode bercerita dengan boneka jari dalam meningkatkan kemampuan bahasa ekspresif anak Kelompok A2 TK Negeri Kabupaten Temanggung. Subyek penelitian ini adalah peserta didik Kelompok A2 TK Negeri Kabupaten Temanggung berjumlah 20 anak. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi dan dokumentasi.
Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah melalui metode bercerita dengan menggunakan boneka jari terbukti efektif dapat meningkatkan kemampuan bahasa ekspresif anak. Hal penting dalam menggunakan metode bercerita dengan boneka jari adalah guru memberikan kesempatan kepada anak untuk terlibat aktif dalam mengekspesikan bahasanya, totalitas guru dalam menyampaikan cerita dengan penggunaan media, pemberian penghargaan kepada anak. Peningkatan kemampuan bahasa ekspresif anak terlihat pada kondisi pra siklus hanya 25% meningkat menjadi 50% di siklus I, dan meningkat di siklus II menjadi 90% yang ditandai anak mampu berbicara dengan kalimat sederhana dan jelas, mulai bertanya dengan suatu tujuan, menjawab pertanyaan sederhana, menceritakan pengalaman sederhana, menceritakan kembali cerita yang didengarnya.
ANAMNESE SISTÊMICA NA FORMAÇÃO MÉDICA CONTEMPORÂNEA: EM ATENÇÃO AO ADOLESCENTE
Authors: Arruda Marina Patrício , Oliveira Tania Maria Sbeghen , Oliveira Tania Maria Sbeghen 
Published: June 2019

Essa pesquisa teve por objetivo conhecer as percepções de acadêmicos de medicina sobre a anamnese sistêmica na formação médica contemporânea tendo em vista o atendimento médico de adolescentes. Considera-se que pensamento sistêmico no atendimento médico de adolescentes pode indicar possibilidades de discussão para melhoria da qualidade da formação médica contemporânea. Tratou-se de um estudo qualitativo realizado por meio de uma roda de conversa, estratégia metodológica que estimula a construção da autonomia dos sujeitos por meio da problematização e troca de informações para novas aprendizagens. Nesse estudo, a anamnese sistêmica teve como base de discussão a perspectiva da Teoria Bioecológica de Bronfenbrenner e do pensamento complexo de Edgar Morin para a compreensão integral do atendimento ao adolescente. A saúde é um fenômeno multidimensional, que envolve aspectos físicos, psicológicos e sociais, todos relacionados e interdependentes. O estudo concluiu provisoriamente que o maior desafio do terceiro milênio está em reformar o pensamento para agir e ligar dois sistemas de pensamento: o linear e o sistêmico. Assim, poderemos pensar numa anamnese sistêmica para a formação médica contemporânea.Palavras-chave: Formação médica contemporânea. Anamnese sistêmica. Atendimento médico de adolescentes. SYSTEMIC ANAMNESIS IN CONTEMPORARY MEDICAL TRAINING: IN ADOLESCENT ATTENTIONABSTRACT: The purpose of this research was to understand the perceptions of medical students about systemic anamnesis in contemporary medical education in view of the medical care of adolescents. It is considered that systemic thinking in the medical care of adolescents may indicate possibilities for discussion to improve the quality of contemporary medical education. It was a qualitative study carried out through a conversation wheel, methodological strategy that stimulates the construction of the autonomy of the subjects through the problematization and exchange of information for new learning. In this study, the systemic anamnesis was based on the perspective of Bronfenbrenner's Bioecological Theory and the complex thinking of Edgar Morin for the comprehension understanding of adolescent care. Health is a multidimensional phenomenon, involving physical, psychological and social aspects, all related and interdependent. The study tentatively concluded that the greatest challenge of the third millennium lies in reforming thinking to act and connect two systems of thought: linear and systemic. Thus, we can think of a systemic anamnesis for contemporary medical education.Keywords: Contemporary medical training. Systemic anamnesis. Medical care of adolescents.
Scientific Realism and the Future Development of Science
Authors: Park Seungbae 
Published: June 2019

Nickles raises many original objections against scientific realism. One of them holds that scientific realism originates from the end of history illusion. I reply that this objection is self-defeating and commits the genetic fallacy. Another objection is that it is unknowable whether our descendants will regard our current mature theories as true or false. I reply that this objection entails skepticism about induction, leading to skepticism about the world, which is inconsistent with the appeal to the end of history illusion. Finally, I argue that we have an inductive rationale for thinking that will lead our descendants to regard our current mature theories as true.
Must Right-Libertarians Embrace Easements by Necessity?
Authors: Dominiak Łukasz 
Published: June 2019

The present paper investigates the question of whether right-libertarians must accept easements by necessity. Since easements by necessity limit the property rights of the owner of the servient tenement, they apparently conflict with the libertarian homestead principle, according to which the person who first mixes his labor with the unowned land acquires absolute ownership thereof. As we demonstrate in the paper, however, the homestead principle understood in such an absolutist way generates contradictions within the set of rights distributed on its basis. In order to avoid such contradictions, easements by necessity must be incorporated into the libertarian theory of property rights and the homestead principle must be truncated accordingly.
The Logical Structure of Intentional Anonymity
Authors: Barcz Michał , Gryz Jarek , Wierzbicki Adam 
Published: June 2019

It has been noticed by several authors that the colloquial understanding of anonymity as mere unknownness is insufficient. This common sense notion of anonymity does not recognize the role of the goal for which the anonymity is sought. Starting with the distinction between intentional and unintentional anonymity (which are usually taken to be the same) and the general concept of the non-coordinatability of traits, we offer a logical analysis of anonymity and identification (understood as de-anonymization). In our enquiry, we focus on the intentional aspect of anonymity and develop a metaphor of an “anonymity game” between “perpetrator” and “detective”. Starting from common sense intuitions, we provide a formalized, critical notion of anonymity.
HTRA1 Mutations Identified in Symptomatic Carriers Have the Property of Interfering the Trimer-Dependent Activation Cascade
Authors: Uemura Masahiro , Nozaki Hiroaki , Koyama Akihide , Sakai Naoko , Ando Shoichiro , Kanazawa Masato , Kato Taisuke , Onodera Osamu 
Published: June 2019

Background: Mutations in the high-temperature requirement A serine peptidase 1 (HTRA1) cause cerebral autosomal recessive arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CARASIL). Most carriers for HTRA1 mutations are asymptomatic, but more than 10 mutations have been reported in symptomatic carriers. The molecular differences between the mutations identified in symptomatic carriers and mutations identified only in CARASIL patients are unclear. HTRA1 is a serine protease that forms homotrimers, with each HTRA1 subunit activating the adjacent HTRA1 via the sensor domain of loop 3 (L3) and the activation domain of loop D (LD). Previously, we analyzed four HTRA1 mutant proteins identified in symptomatic carriers and found that they were unable to form trimers or had mutations in the LD or L3 domain. The mutant HTRA1s with these properties are presumed to inhibit trimer-dependent activation cascade. Indeed, these mutant HTRA1s inhibited wild-type (WT) protease activity. In this study, we further analyzed 15 missense HTRA1s to clarify the molecular character of mutant HTRA1s identified in symptomatic carriers.Methods: We analyzed 12 missense HTRA1s identified in symptomatic carriers (hetero-HTRA1) and three missense HTRA1s found only in CARASIL (CARASIL-HTRA1). The protease activity of the purified recombinant mutant HTRA1s was measured using fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled casein as substrate. Oligomeric structure was evaluated by size-exclusion chromatography. The protease activities of mixtures of WT with each mutant HTRA1 were also measured.Results: Five hetero-HTRA1s had normal protease activity and were excluded from further analysis. Four of the seven hetero-HTRA1s and one of the three CARASIL-HTRA1s were unable to form trimers. The other three hetero-HTRA1s had mutations in the LD domain. Together with our previous work, 10 of 11 hetero-HTRA1s and two of six CARASIL-HTRA1s were either defective in trimerization or had mutations in the LD or L3 domain (P = 0.006). By contrast, eight of 11 hetero-HTRA1s and two of six CARASIL-HTRA1 inhibited WT protease activity (P = 0.162).Conclusions: HTRA1 mutations identified in symptomatic carriers have the property of interfering the trimer-dependent activation cascade of HTRA1.
24 Haziran 2018 Cumhurbaşkanlığı Seçimlerinin Siyasal Değerler Açısından Analizi
Authors: YILMAZ Mustafa , KARAKAŞ Onur 
Published: June 2019

İnsanların yaşamlarında kılavuz görevi
gören amaçlar ve ilkeler çerçevesinde arzu duyulan bilişsel unsurlardır
değerler. Bu yönüyle tercihlerimizdeki belirleyicilerden olan değerlere hitap
eden siyasetin, siyasal tercihlerimize de etkide bulunduğu söylenebilmektedir.
Bilim insanları değerleri, siyasi ideolojilerin temel ilkeleri ve ana
prensipleri olarak görmekte ve değerlerin, siyasi meselelere yönelik karar
vermede, siyasi kararları saptamada ve meşru kılmada ve ayrıca siyaset hakkında
belli bir tartışma iklimi yaratmada kullanıldığını ifade etmektedirler. Dolayısıyla değerlerin, siyasetle ve
siyasi tercihlerle olan ilişkisini analiz etmek önem taşımaktadır. Buradan yola
çıkarak Türkiye siyasi tarihi açısından önemli bir kırılma anı olan 24 Haziran
2018 Cumhurbaşkanlığı Seçimleri çalışmanın konusu olarak belirlenmiştir. 24
Haziran 2018 Cumhurbaşkanlığı sistemi seçimleri, 1921 yılından günümüze devam
eden parlamenter sistemi değiştirerek yerine partili cumhurbaşkanlığına dayalı
bir sistem getiren bir seçim olması nedeniyle önem taşımaktadır. Bu araştırmada,
24 Haziran 2018 Cumhurbaşkanlığı seçimlerinde yer alan adaylarının Twitter
üzerindeki söylemleri Schwartz’ın Değerler Kuramı çerçevesinde analiz
edilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmada siyasal iletişim çalışmalarının yoğunlaştığı,
seçim öncesindeki 1 aylık dönem dikkate alınmıştır ve adayların 23 Mayıs 2018-
23 Haziran 2018 tarihleri arasındaki tweetleri resmi Twitter hesapları
üzerinden arşivlenerek incelenmiştir. Araştırmada yöntem olarak nitel içerik
analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Cumhurbaşkanı adaylarının Twitter üzerindeki
söylemleri değerler açısından incelenerek, seçmenin beklentilerine karşılık
vermek amacıyla söylemlerinde hangi değerlere öncelikle atıf yaptıkları tespit
edilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmada, siyasal aktörlerin söylemlerinde öne çıkan
değerler ve seçimleri kazanan ve kaybeden aktörlerin söylemlerinde değersel
anlamda farklılıklar olup olmadığı ortaya konulmuştur. Elde edilen bulgular
analiz edildiğinde 24 Haziran 2018 Cumhurbaşkanlığı seçimlerini kazanan Recep
Tayyip Erdoğan’ın en fazla atıf yaptığı değerlerin; “kendi amaçlarını belirleme”,
“başarılı olmak”, “sorumluluk sahibi olmak ve sosyal güç” değerleri olduğu
saptanmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda 24 Haziran 2018 seçimlerinde
“başarılı olmak”, “kendi amaçlarını belirlemek”, “sorumluluk sahibi olmak”,
“zenginlik”, “dürüstlük”, “özgürlük”,
“ulusal güvenlik” ve “sosyal güç” değerlerinin adayların söylemlerinde ön plana
çıktığı görülmektedir.