bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Weight Change Following Intentional Weight Loss on Bone Health in Older Adults with Obesity
Authors: Kammire Daniel E. , Walkup Michael P. , Ambrosius Walter T. , Lenchik Leon , Shapses Sue A. , Nicklas Barbara J. , Houston Denise K. , Marsh Anthony P. , Rejeski W. Jack , Beavers Kristen M. 
Published: September 2019

ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine change in bone mineral density (BMD) and trabecular bone score among older adult weight regainers (WR) and weight maintainers (WM).MethodsObservational data come from 77 older adults (mean age: 67 [SD 5] years; 69% women; 70% white) with obesity (mean BMI: 33.6 [SD  3.7] kg/m2) who lost weight during an 18‐month weight loss intervention. Total body mass and body composition, along with regional (total hip, femoral neck, lumbar spine) BMD and trabecular bone score, were measured at baseline, 18 months, and 30 months. WR (n = 36) and WM (n = 41) categories were defined as a ≥ 5% or < 5% weight gain from 18 to 30 months, respectively.ResultsAmong skeletal indices, only total hip BMD was significantly reduced during the 18‐month intervention period in both WRs (−3.9%; 95% CI: −5.8% to −2.0%) and WMs (−2.4%; 95% CI: −4.3% to −0.5%; P = 0.07). After adjustment for relevant baseline covariates and weight change from 0 to 18 months, 30‐month change in total hip BMD was −2.6% (95% CI: −4.3% to −0.9%) and −3.9% (95% CI: −5.7% to −2.1%) among WRs and WMs, respectively (P = 0.07).ConclusionsLoss of hip BMD persists in the year after a weight loss intervention among older adults with obesity, regardless of weight regain status.
How we approach: Training pediatric coagulationists
Authors: Thornburg Courtney D. , Montgomery Robert R. , Pipe Steven W. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractUnique expertise is required for the care of children, adolescents, and young adults with bleeding and clotting disorders. A number of Hemophilia Treatment Centers have developed pediatric hemostasis and thrombosis fellowship programs to facilitate subspecialty training and recruitment and retention in this field. This manuscript reviews an approach to training pediatric coagulationists including a description of current programs, sample curriculum, funding sources, and expected outcomes.
Ivabradine drug utilization study in five European countries: A multinational, retrospective, observational study to assess effectiveness of risk‐minimization measures
Authors: Salem Linda , Malouvier Alexandre , Blatchford Jon , Rivero‐Ferrer Elena , Deltour Nicolas , Jacquot Emmanuelle 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPurposeThis drug utilization study of ivabradine evaluated prescriber compliance with the new risk minimization measures (RMMs), communicated starting 2014 following preliminary results from the SIGNIFY study.MethodsThis was a multinational (five European countries) chart review study with two study periods: pre‐RMM and post‐RMM. Patients initiating ivabradine for chronic stable angina pectoris in routine clinical practice were identified across general practitioners and specialists. The primary outcome analysis evaluated the compliance with the new RMMs, ie, use in patients with a heart rate greater than or equal to 70 bpm at initiation, no doses higher than those recommended in the summary of product characteristics (SmPC) at initiation and during 6 months of follow‐up, and no concomitant use of verapamil or diltiazem.ResultsOverall, 711 and 506 eligible patients were included in the pre‐RMM and post‐RMM periods, respectively. The percentage of patients prescribed ivabradine according to the new RMMs increased significantly in the post‐RMM period (70.6% and 78.4% in the pre‐ and post‐RMM periods respectively; P value = .0035). The compliance to RMMs increased for all the criteria assessed independently: the proportions of patients with (a) heart rate ≥ 70 bpm at initiation (79.4% and 85.2%, respectively; P value = .0141), (b) no dose higher than the SmPC doses at initiation and during follow‐up (92.8% and 94.1%, respectively; P value = .3957), and (c) no concomitance with verapamil or diltiazem (96.1% and 99.2%, respectively; P value = .0007).ConclusionsThe RMMs for ivabradine were well implemented across the five participating European countries confirming a favorable benefit‐risk balance of ivabradine in chronic stable angina pectoris.
Preparation of functionalized ion‐imprinted phenolic polymer for efficient removal of copper ions
Authors: Monier Mohammed , Youssef Ibrahim , El‐Mekabaty Ahmed 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn this work, an ion‐imprinted polymeric material based on functionalized phenolic resin was developed for the efficient selective removal of Cu2+ ions from aqueous solution. p‐Aminophenol‐isatin Schiff base ligand (HPIS) was first synthesized and combined with Cu2+ ions to prepare the corresponding complex [Cu(PIS)2]. The Schiff base ligand along with its copper complex was fully investigated and characterized before anchoring in a base‐catalyzed condensation copolymerization with formaldehyde and resorcinol. The Cu2+ ions were removed from the obtained resin construction and the resulting Cu2+ ion‐imprinted material (Cu‐PIS) was employed for the selective extraction of Cu2+ ions under different pH values, initial concentrations and contact time conditions. The optimum pH for the removal process was chosen as 6 and the maximum adsorption capacity was 187 ± 1 mg g–1. Also, the kinetics showed a better fit with the pseudo‐second‐order equations. The selectivity of the prepared Cu‐PIS was also evaluated in a multi‐ionic species containing Ni2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, Co2+ besides Cu2+ ions and the determined parameters confirmed a superior recognition capability toward the imprinted Cu2+ ions. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Polymer nanoparticles with a sensitive CO2‐responsive hydrophilic/hydrophobic surface
Authors: Shieh Yeong‐Tarng , Tai Pei‐Yu , Cheng Chih‐Chia 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTPoly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanoparticles with a sensitive CO2‐responsive hydrophilic/hydrophobic surface that confers controlled dispersion and aggregation in water were prepared by emulsion polymerization at 50 °C under CO2 bubbling using amphiphilic diblock copolymers of 2‐dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) and N‐isopropyl acrylamide (NIPAAm) as an emulsifier. The amphiphilicity of the hydrophobic–hydrophilic diblock copolymer at 50 °C was triggered by CO2 bubbling in water and enabled the copolymer to serve as an emulsifier. The resulting PMMA nanoparticles were spherical, approximately 100 nm in diameter and exhibited sensitive CO2/N2‐responsive dispersion/aggregation in water. Using copolymers with a longer PNIPAAm block length as an emulsifier resulted in smaller particles. A higher concentration of copolymer emulsifier led to particles with a stickier surface. Given its simple preparation and reversible CO2‐triggered amphiphilic behavior, this newly developed block copolymer emulsifier offers a highly efficient route toward the fabrication of sensitive CO2‐stimuli responsive polymeric nanoparticle dispersions. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 2149–2156
Monitoring of zero‐inflated Poisson processes with EWMA and DEWMA control charts
Authors: Alevizakos Vasileios , Koukouvinos Christos 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe zero‐inflated Poisson (ZIP) distribution is an extension of the ordinary Poisson distribution and is used to model count data with an excessive number of zeros. In ZIP models, it is assumed that random shocks occur with probability p, and upon the occurrence of random shock, the number of nonconformities in a product follows the Poisson distribution with parameter λ. In this article, we study in more detail the exponentially weighted moving average control chart based on the ZIP distribution (regarded as ZIP‐EWMA) and we also propose a double EWMA chart with an upper time‐varying control limit to monitor ZIP processes (regarded as ZIP‐DEWMA chart). The two charts are studied to detect upward shifts not only in each parameter individually but also in both parameters simultaneously. The steady‐state performance and the performance with estimated parameters are also investigated. The performance of the two charts has been evaluated in terms of the average and standard deviation of the run length, and compared with Shewhart‐type and CUSUM schemes for ZIP distribution, it is shown that the proposed chart is very effective especially in detecting shifts in p when λ remains in control (IC) and in both parameters simultaneously. Finally, one real example is given to display the application of the ZIP charts on practitioners.
Intra‐oesophageal invasion of thymoma
Authors: Ozawa Makiko , Fukushima Toshirou , Noguchi Takuro , Kobayashi Takashi , Sekiguchi Nodoka , Koizumi Tomonobu 
Published: September 2019

Key messageThis is the first report of a thymoma developing with unusual invasion into the oesophageal lumen.
Adaptive sliding mode control of uncertain nonlinear systems with preassigned settling time and its applications
Authors: Hou Mingzhe , Tan Feng , Han Fei , Duan Guangren 
Published: September 2019

SummaryThis paper investigates the adaptive tracking control of second‐order nonlinear systems with nonlinearly parameterized uncertainties and disturbances, as well as multiplicative uncertainty in the control coefficient matrix. A novel adaptive function augmented sliding mode control approach is proposed such that the tracking error converges to a neighborhood of zero with the preassigned size within the preassigned settling time. In the proposed control scheme, the control gains increase as the adaptive estimate values increase only when necessary, that is, when the current control gains are not big enough to suppress the uncertainties or disturbances; as a result, the conservativeness of control design caused by unnecessary high control gains can be effectively reduced. Moreover, the chattering phenomenon well known in the sliding mode control is eliminated by using the saturation function to replace the signum function, and the possible persistent increasing problem of the adaptive estimate values due to measurement disturbances or noises on the feedback is also well addressed by introducing “dead‐zone” nonlinearities in the adaptive laws. In addition, an improved method to construct the desired error trajectory is proposed, and this method could avoid the large undershoot‐like or overshoot‐like phenomena, which the traditional one may result in. The obtained results are finally applied to the motion control of the underwater vehicle and the rendezvous control of spacecraft, and the simulation results illustrate the effectiveness and the advantages of the proposed control approach.
Electrochemical Sensing of Anesthetics using Polythiophene Coated Glassy Carbon Electrodes
Authors: Ramkumar Ramya , Sangaranarayanan M. V. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA novel electrochemical sensor for anesthetics employing the polymerization of Thiophene onto glassy carbon electrodes is demonstrated. The polymer was characterized by electrochemical and morphological characterizations using cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. This polythiophene modified electrode was employed for sensing anesthetics and a lowest detection limit of 35 nM, 50 nM and 20 nM were obtained for Procaine, Benzocaine and Procainamide respectively. The interference studies showed the selectivity of this electrode in the presence of common interfering agents. The Dopaminergic effect of Procaine is studied by varying concentrations of dopamine and a thorough study established the profound effect.
Nano Gold Hybrid Polyvinyl Alcohol Films for Sensing of Cu2+ ions
Authors: Sahu Deepak , Sarkar Niladri , Mohapatra Priyaranjan , Swain Sarat K 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAn efficient and eco‐friendly approach is adopted for the synthesis of highly stable L‐alanine assisted nano gold based polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposite hybrid films (Au/PVA).The –COOH groups of L‐alanine and oxygeneous groups of polyvinyl alcohol are utilized for the synthesis of size controlled gold nanoparticles. The as‐synthesized nanocomposites show rapid and selective detection of Cu2+ ion in aqueous medium. With addition Cu2+ ion to as‐synthesized nanocomposites, the SPR peaks of Au NPs (538 nm) decrease with occurrence of a red shift as well as a new peak is observed at higher wavelength which is due to the aggregation of gold nanoparticles in the nanocomposites hybrid films. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrograph and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) reveal the aggregation of gold nanoparticles in the nanocomposite hybrid films. The limit of detection and limit of quantification for Cu2+ ion are 40 nM and 133 nM respectively. This technique for detection of Cu2+ ion in waste water samples is inexpensive and eco‐friendly since no any toxic chemicals are used. In the presence of Cu2+ ion, the colour of the hybrid film is changed hence, this method also involves visual detection of Cu2+ ion without use of electrolyte or transducer. Further, many reported methods represent the in situ monitoring of Cu2+ ion, but the present hybrid film can be used for in situ as well as ex situ monitoring of Cu2+ ion.
First Approach for Structurally Unique Thieno[2,3‐e] isobenzofuran‐8(6H)‐one Tricyclic Framework of Echinothiophene and Echinothiophenegenol
Authors: Chinta Bhavani Shankar , Santhi Jampani , Baire Beeraiah 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe synthesis of complete carbocyclic framework present in bioactive natural products echinothiophene and echinothiophenegenol has been achieved. An acid catalysed rearrangement of isobenzofurans to angularly fused phthalides has been employed as the key step. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first synthetic approach either for the total synthesis or for the partial synthesis of the thieno[2,3‐e]isobenzofuran‐8(6H)‐one framework of the echinothiophene.
One‐Pot Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Synthesis of 2‐Aryl‐quinazolin‐4(3H)‐ones via N‐ benzylation / Csp3– H Oxidation/ CN Hydrolysis/Cyclization
Authors: Dandia Anshu , Saini Pratibha , Bansal Sarika , Parewa Vijay 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA Cu(I)‐catalyzed straightforward synthesis of quinazolin‐4(3H)‐ones was attained by the reaction of 2‐aminobenzonitrile with benzyl bromides. The reaction proceeds via one pot N‐ benzylation / CSp3– H oxidation/ CN hydrolysis/cyclization/ sequence. Numerous controlled experiments have been carried out to establish the appropriate mechanism and prerequisite of the reactions. The process was truly selective as only quinazolinones formed as desired product over dihydrogenated quinazolinones.
A macroeconomics‐inspired interpretation of the terrestrial water cycle
Authors: Ungvári Gábor , Kis András 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis article develops an approach that applies macroeconomic concepts to the interpretation of complex, water related natural processes. By translating and re‐interpreting these processes into a language that is more accessible to a broader audience otherwise unaccustomed to its terms will likely help sharpen our understanding of the terrestrial water cycle. For economists, we describe climate‐forming natural processes in a manner consistent with the fundamentals of the mainstream approach. For noneconomists, parallels from economically determined, relatively short‐term observations can be applied conceptually to identify dynamics which occur over much longer and therefore more elusive natural occurrences, in particular considering the role of forests and how persistent land conversion over a millennium has shaped the earth's surface and impacted climate stability. The set of “supporting ecosystem services” highlighted in the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA) coincides with the ground phase of the terrestrial water cycle, taking the concept beyond the ecosystem service perspective and identifying it as a planetary service. Ecosystem and planetary services differ in the same way that microeconomic and macroeconomic perspectives do. The water cycle intensity of a geographical area may well be related to a rainfall multiplier that measures the ability of continental ecosystems to increase the amount of water moving across terrestrial surfaces and descending as rainfall through transpiration and deposition, and re‐transpiration and re‐deposition of the water content in the air that originally arrives from the oceans. Building upon the MEA's association of human wellbeing with ecosystem features, the rainfall multiplier serves as a physical indicator and measure of the natural basis of wellbeing creation.This article is categorized under:
Human Water > Water as Imagined and Represented
Water and Life > Conservation, Management, and Awareness
Human Water > Value of Water
Integrated offshore wind farm design: Optimizing micro‐siting and cable layout simultaneously
Authors: Marge Thomas , Lumbreras Sara , Ramos Andrés , Hobbs Benjamin F. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractElectrical layout and turbine placement are key design decisions in offshore wind farm projects. Increased turbine spacing minimizes the energy losses caused by wake interactions between turbines but requires costlier cables with higher rates of failure. Simultaneous micro‐siting and electrical layout optimization are required to realize all possible savings. The problem is complex, because electrical layout optimization is a combinatorial problem and the computational fluid‐dynamics calculations to approximate wake effects are impossible to integrate into classical optimization. This means that state‐of‐the‐art methods do not generally consider simultaneous optimization and resort to approximations instead.We extend an existing model that successfully optimizes cable design to simultaneously consider micro‐siting. We use Jensen's equations to approximate the wake effect in an efficient manner, calibrating it with years of mast data. The wake effects are precalculated and introduced into the optimization problem. We solve simultaneously for turbine spacing and cable layout, exploiting the tradeoffs between these wind farm features. We use the Barrow Offshore Wind Farm as a case study to demonstrate realizable savings up to 6 MEUR over the lifetime of the plant, although it is possible that unforeseen design constraints have implications for whether the savings seen in our model are fully realizable in the real world. In addition, the model provides insights on the effects of turbine spacing that can be used to simplify the design process or to support negotiations for surface concession at the earlier stages of a project.
Response of the photosynthetic activity and biomass of the phytoplankton community to increasing nutrients during cyanobacterial blooms in Meiliang Bay, Lake Taihu
Authors: Wu Pan , Lu Yongjun , Lu Yan , Dai Jiangyu , Huang Tingjie 
Published: September 2019

AbstractNutrient enrichment facilitates algal outbreaks in eutrophic shallow lakes. To further understand the influence of various inorganic nutrient forms on cyanobacterial blooms, a nitrate (NO3), ammonium (NH4), and orthophosphate (PO4) amendment experiment was conducted in a large shallow lake of China (Lake Taihu) during summer. The results showed that the photosynthetic performance of phytoplankton responded more positively to phosphorus (P) than nitrogen (N), and NH4 addition stimulated higher algal photosynthetic activities in P‐enriched waters. Individual inorganic N or PO4 addition significantly activated cyanobacteria and green algae. Meanwhile, the N plus P amendment promoted higher biomass of the planktonic microbial community, and the dual addition of NH4 + PO4 yielded the highest chlorophyll a concentration. NH4 additions provisionally promoted higher green algae than cyanobacteria biomass in the beginning, while cyanobacteria dominated again with increasing NH4:PO4 ratios. These results revealed that increasing ammonium would enhance the increase in phytoplankton biomass in advance and prolong the duration of algal blooms. Hence, based on the control of P loading, the reduction in external inorganic N focusing on ammonium sources (such as ammonia N fertilizer) at the watershed scale would help to alleviate eutrophication and cyanobacterial blooms over the long term in Lake Taihu.Practitioner points

Ammonium addition stimulated higher algal photosynthetic activities in P‐enriched waters.

Individual inorganic N or PO4 addition significantly activated cyanobacteria and green algae.

The dual addition of NH4 + PO4 yielded the highest chlorophyll a concentration.

Increasing NH4 would enhance the increase in phytoplankton biomass in advance and prolong the duration of cyanobacterial blooms.
Novel Autoantibodies Related to Cell Death and DNA Repair Pathways in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Luo Hui , Wang Ling , Bao Ding , Wang Li , Zhao Hongjun , Lian Yun , Yan Mei , Mohan Chandra , Li Quan-Zhen 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune syndrome characterized by various co-existing autoantibodies (autoAbs) in patients’ blood. However, the full spectrum of autoAbs in SLE has not been comprehensively elucidated. In this study, a commercial platform bearing 9400 antigens (ProtoArray) was used to identify autoAbs that were significantly elevated in the sera of SLE patients. By comparing the autoAb profiles of SLE patients with those of healthy controls, we identified 437 IgG and 1213 IgM autoAbs that the expression levels were significantly increased in SLE (P &lt; 0.05). Use of the ProtoArray platform uncovered over 300 novel autoAbs targeting a broad range of nuclear, cytoplasmic, and membrane antigens. Molecular interaction network analysis revealed that the antigens targeted by the autoAbs were most significantly enriched in cell death, cell cycle, and DNA repair pathways. A group of autoAbs associated with cell apoptosis and DNA repair function, including those targeting APEX1, AURKA, POLB, AGO1, HMGB1, IFIT5, MAPKAPK3, PADI4, RGS3, SRP19, UBE2S, and VRK1, were further validated by ELISA and Western blot in a larger cohort. In addition, the levels of autoAbs against APEX1, HMGB1, VRK1, AURKA, PADI4, and SRP19 were positively correlated with the level of anti-dsDNA in SLE patients. Comprehensive autoAb screening has identified novel autoAbs, which may shed light on potential pathogenic pathways leading to lupus.