bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proximal Intact Spreader Graft in Let-Down Dorsal Preservation Rhinoplasty
Authors: Öztürk Güncel 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Grafts and flaps play significant roles in rhinoplasty procedures, while spreader grafts are commonly used. Spreader grafts are placed into submucosal pockets between the upper lateral cartilage and nasal septum. Occurrence of deviation can be seen on nondeviated noses after let-down or push-down methods are performed as the part of the upper septum that has been let-down may cause pressure on the lower septum and that results in deviation. In the present study, the author aimed to demonstrate the benefits of using a proximal intact spreader graft to support the nondeviated nasal septum or to correct the deviated septum in patients undergoing dorsal preservation rhinoplasty. In deviated noses, the upper septum is brought down to the opposite side of the deviation, and a proximal intact spreader graft is placed between the upper and lower septum to correct the deviation and make the dorsum nondeviated. This technique is suitable for patients with a slight to moderately deviated caudal part of the septum. It is unsuitable for patients with severe, cross, or S-shaped deviation. This technique aims to preserve the condition of the nondeviated nose and convert it into a nondeviated state in the let-down technique. The combination of proximal intact spreader graft and dorsal preservation rhinoplasty techniques effectively addresses dorsal hump and dorsal deviation deformities, enhances upper lateral cartilage concavity, prevents W-ASA segment collapse, and both prevents and improves internal nasal valve collapse. The data of patients who underwent dorsal hump reduction with the let-down technique were screened. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 95 patients were included in the study (68 females and 27 males). The ROE score before the operation was 51.5. After 12 months, it was found to be 91.5 points, and the change in the ROE median score was significant (P < 0.001). This new proximal intact spreader graft method presents a suitable approach for surgeons to prevent any let-down–induced deviation problems that may occur after the procedure and to correct the present deviation. It will also lead to better cosmetic and functional outcomes for patients who have hump deformity.
Comparative Outcome Analysis of Lenvatinib Versus Sorafenib for Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Liver Transplantation
Authors: Magyar Christian T. J. , Perera Sheron , Rajendran Luckshi , Li Zhihao , Almugbel Fahad A. , Feng Sophie , Choi Woo Jin , Aceituno Laia , Vogel Arndt , Grant Robert C. , Selzner Nazia , Jaeckel Elmar , Falla-Rad Nazanin , Knox Jennifer J. , Chen Eric X. , Sapisochin Gonzalo , O’Kane Grainne M. 
Published: November 2024

Background.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurs after liver transplantation (LT) in ~17% of patients. We aimed to retrospectively compare the outcomes of patients treated with different tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) for recurrent HCC post-LT.

Methods.
Patients with recurrent HCC post-LT between 2006 and 2019 were included. The impact of sorafenib and lenvatinib treatment for recurrent disease was assessed using survival analysis with an a priori multivariable Cox regression (alpha-fetoprotein [AFP] at recurrence, recurrence lesion diameter, single-site versus multisite metastases).

Results.
Seven hundred fifty-four patients underwent LT for HCC, of whom 120 (15.9%) developed recurrence. Of these patients, 56 received TKIs: sorafenib (n = 42) or lenvatinib (n = 14). The median age at LT was 60.8 y (interquartile range, 54.0–66.2); 52 (93%) were men and 26 (46%) were within Milan criteria at listing. Baseline characteristics at recurrence were comparable between the 2 groups, including largest tumor diameter (P = 0.15), receipt of local therapies before TKI (P = 0.33), and single-site recurrence (P = 0.75), and time from interventional treatment to start of TKI (P = 0.44). The AFP at recurrence was higher in the sorafenib group (95.0 versus 3.0 µg/L, P < 0.001). The median overall survival (OS) after initiation of TKI treatment was longer in the lenvatinib group (15.0 mo [95% confidence interval [CI], 11.5-31.5] versus 7.8 mo [95% CI, 4.0-15.4]; P = 0.02) with a 2.3-fold a priori adjusted effect on OS (adjusted hazard ratio 2.32 [95% CI, 1.03-5.20], P = 0.04).

Conclusions.
Our findings suggest lenvatinib is a valuable treatment option for patients with HCC recurrence after LT.
The outcome of nontransecting anastomotic urethroplasty in recurrent bulbar urethral stricture and its impact on sexual functions: A prospective observational study
Authors: Rammah Ahmed M. , Ghoneima Waleed , Sabry Ahmed Elsayed , Zamel Samih , Torad Hesham , Elzoheiry Mohamed , Sharawy Ahmed , Elkady Amr 
Published: November 2024

Purpose:
The management of recurrent bulbar urethral stricture had no consensus and faced many challenges such as the risk of failure, ischemia, and sexual dysfunction. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the outcome of nontransecting anastomotic urethroplasty in recurrent bulbar urethral stricture disease (USD) less than 3 cm and its impact on sexual functions.

Material and methods:
This is a prospective descriptive study that included patients with recurrent bulbar USD ≤ 3 cm. Full history taking and clinical examination, including International Prostate Symptoms Score (IPSS) and International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5), were documented. Moreover, retrograde urethrogram, uroflowmetry, and penile Doppler were undergone. The nontransecting urethroplasty techniques were performed: Heineke-Mikulicz principle stricturoplasty for stricture ≤1 cm without excision of the stricture and nontransecting excision and primary anastomosis without transecting the corpus spongiosum for stricture 1 to 3 cm. Each patient was routinely evaluated through a 12-month follow-up using IPSS and IIEF, uroflowmetry, and postvoiding residual urine.

Results:
Thirty-three patients were included in the study with a mean stricture length of 1.45 ± 0.7 cm. Twelve patients had failed previous urethroplasty, while 21 patients had previous visual internal urethrotomy. Nontransecting excision and primary anastomosis in 14 patients and Heineke-Mikulicz principle stricturoplasty in 19 patients were performed. There was no recurrence of stricture urethra, except for one patient, who required visual internal urethrotomy at a 3-month follow-up, with mean postoperative IPSS of 3.04 ± 2.745, Qmax 23.89 ± 2.714 mL/s, and postvoiding residual urine 26 ± 33 cc. No significant differences were reported between pre- and postoperative IIEF (18.61 ± 5.448 versus 19.33 ± 5.599, respectively, P = 0.236).

Conclusion:
Nontransecting urethroplasty can achieve a high success rate in short recurrent bulbar USD without the potential sexual morbidity.
The Role of High-Resolution Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Nerve Trauma New Perspective: A Preliminary Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Recent Evidence
Authors: Aboutaleb Aya Moustafa , Abouelatta Ezzeldin , Salem Talal , Ibrahim Abdelbaki Idriss , Serour Aya Sayed , Abbas Nagham Bushara , Youssef Rana Ahmed , Ballut Osama Omar , Shehta Reda Ibrahim , Awad Merna Wagih , Hassan Khaled Walid , Abdelrhem Hasnaa Ali Hassan , Ali Mona , Badr Mostafa , Aref Shady Sherif Mohamed , Bedewi Mohamed Abdelmohsen , Mohamed Khaled Ashraf , Axer Hubertus , Abdelnaby Ramy 
Published: November 2024

Summary:
Precise localization of peripheral nerve injuries and evaluation of their prognosis based on clinical and electrodiagnostic examinations are particularly challenging in the acute phase. High-resolution ultrasound (HRUS) may offer a viable and cost-effective imaging option for assessing the morphology of nerve injuries. Consequently, a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on the use of ultrasound for diagnosing traumatic nerve injuries were conducted. A total of 15 studies were included, reporting the most recent findings on using HRUS in the diagnosis of traumatic nerve injury. These studies assessed the diagnostic test accuracy of ultrasound for the detection of traumatic nerve injury in 272 participants, with the cross-sectional area at the site of traumatic nerve injury also reported in 1,249 participants. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of the included studies were 92% confidence interval (CI) (0.89–0.95) and 86% CI (0.82–0.89), respectively. The positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio were 13.76 CI (1.41–134.34), 0.08 CI (0.03–0.18), and 286.23 CI (21.22–3,860.40), respectively. In the summary of the receiver operating characteristic curve, the area under the curve was 0.986, and the Q* index was 0.949. Based on the current literature, HRUS has shown promising results in addition to its availability and feasibility. HRUS can serve as a valuable complement to clinical and electrodiagnostic examinations for diagnosing traumatic peripheral nerve injuries. Further research is recommended to better understand the ultrasound characteristics of these injuries.
Nutrition as therapy – the role of dietitian counseling: a best practice implementation project
Authors: Weglarz Paulina , Skop-Lewandowska Agata , Prill Robert , Peričić Tina Poklepović , Vrbová Tereza , Klugarová Jitka , Leśniak Wiktoria , Bala Małgorzata M. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
The objective of this best practice implementation project was to improve dieticians’ professional practice and dietary care through the use of counseling strategies.

Introduction:
Improving the design and implementation of evidence-based practice depends on successful behavior change interventions. This requires an appropriate method for designing the interventions and then analyzing the targeted behavior. Behavior change techniques (BCTs) have been demonstrated to improve the patient–dietitian relationship and patient treatment outcomes.

Methods:
This evidence-based quality improvement project used the JBI Evidence Implementation Framework to identify gaps in clinical practice and barriers to changing practice. We recruited 20 dietitians and conducted a baseline audit to determine their level of knowledge of BCTs, the extent to which they applied BCTs in their practice, and barriers to using BCTs. To address the identified barriers, a 5-hour training session was conducted by a dietitian with psychological training. A follow-up audit was then conducted to measure improvements in compliance with best practice.

Results:
The baseline audit revealed that 80% of participants used some of the targeted counseling strategies. The most common barriers were lack of guidance on the use of BCTs or insufficient knowledge of BCTs. The follow-up audit revealed that 93% of participants used some counseling strategies, representing a 13% improvement from baseline.

Conclusions:
Applying BCTs is a challenge in dietary practice. The results indicate that education about these techniques is needed. As the next step, we suggest disseminating the relevant recommendations among dietitians in Poland and providing education about the use of these methods.

Spanish abstract:

http://links.lww.com/IJEBH/A289
Pain assessment and management in patients with dementia in Taiwan: a best practice implementation project
Authors: Tsay Shwu-Feng , Chang Cheng-Yu , Su Jui-Yuan , Hung Sing Shueh , Mu Pei-Fan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
The lack of a consistent and effective assessment tool for older adults with dementia in home care in Taiwan, and the inability of home care nurses to provide pharmacological and non-pharmacological pain management, may affect the quality of life of patients with dementia.

Objectives:
The aim of this project was to promote evidence-based practices for pain assessment and management of patients with dementia living in the community.

Methods:
The project followed the JBI Evidence-based Healthcare Model and the seven-phase JBI Evidence Implementation Framework. Eight audit criteria were used, representing best practice recommendations. Through a Getting Research into Practice (GRiP) analysis, we identified three barriers to changing practice and implemented improvement strategies. A follow-up audit was conducted to measure changes in compliance.

Results:
This project was conducted in five home care institutions. Fourteen home care nurses and 109 patients with dementia participated in the project. The follow-up audit showed that compliance rates had improved significantly. Specifically, the compliance rate increased from 14.29%, 1.83%, 1.83% to 100% for Criteria 1–3, respectively. For Criteria 4–8, compliance increased from 0% to 100%. In addition, the average score of the home care nurses’ perceptions of pain care for patients with dementia increased from 44.29 points before the intervention to 82.86 points, and all 14 home care nurses achieved a score of 100 points in the Objective Structured Clinical Examination scenario-based exercises, which was a good learning outcome.

Conclusions:
Leadership, knowledge-sharing, learning-by-doing teaching strategies, and open communication were key factors in the successful implementation of this study.

Spanish abstract:

http://links.lww.com/IJEBH/A294
Comparative genomic insight into the myxobacterial carbohydrate-degrading potential and their ecological impact
Authors: Saraf Niharika , Sharma Gaurav 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMyxobacteria are an intriguing group of social-behavior-depicting microbes with unique physiological characteristics such as fruiting body formation, gliding motility, and predation, encompassing the largest genomes (>9 Mb) within the Eubacteria kingdom. These soil-dwelling organisms are crucial for lignocellulosic biomass degradation, which has both ecological and industrial significance. While previous studies have demonstrated polysaccharide deconstruction abilities in a few myxobacterial species, we aim to elucidate the distribution of their Carbohydrate Active Enzymes (CAZymes) domains per organism, with a focus on proteins involved in the catabolism of critical polysaccharides such as cellulose, lignin, xylan, starch, pectin, fructan, chitin, and dextran, across 61 high-quality sequenced myxobacterial genomes. Our findings reveal that 3.5% of the total genes at the median level have domains related to CAZyme functions across different myxobacterial families. Notably, family Archangiaceae (4.4%) and Myxococcaceae (3.7%) members exhibit the most significant genomic diversity and potential for degrading multiple substrates within lignocellulosic biomass. These plentiful CAZymes probably enable these majorly soil-harboring myxobacteria to break down various carbohydrate substrates into simpler biological molecules, which not only allow these organisms to sustain in poor-nutrient environments but also enable them to be critical players in carbon cycling and organic matter decomposition. We conclude that myxobacteria have an unexplored genomic potential that may play an integral role in the degradation of recalcitrant plant biomass, potentially influencing soil health and composition. This study further suggests the critical ecological importance of these CAZymes in sustaining the balance of terrestrial ecosystems and diverse industrial applications.ImportancePolysaccharides are the most abundant polymers making up the Earth’s biomass. Polysaccharide degradation is well-known to be carried out by diverse microorganisms; however, there is more to be explored concerning the novel organisms that can degrade these biomolecules efficiently along with understanding the newer mechanisms and reactions carried out in this process. Soil-dwelling myxobacteria, model organisms for our study, are unique and under-studied social-behavior-depicting microbes. In this research, we investigated their genetic potential to encode carbohydrate-active enzymes involved in breaking down various substrates, including lignocellulosic biomass which is predominantly present in their habitat. We further emphasized their potential to be utilized in industrial applications amongst the paper-pulp, food-beverage, textile, and biofuel industries.
Extended amygdala corticotropin-releasing hormone neurons regulate sexually dimorphic changes in pair bond formation following social defeat in prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster)
Authors: Tickerhoof Maria C. , Nerio Morales Lina K. , Goff Jeff , Vitale Erika M. , Smith Adam S. 
Published: November 2024

SummaryThe neurobiological mechanisms underlying the connection between anxiety brought on by social stressors and the negative impact on relationship formation have remained elusive. In order to address this question, we used the social defeat model in the socially monogamous prairie vole to investigate the impact of this stress on pair bond formation. Social defeat experience inhibited partner preference formation in males but promoted preference in females. Furthermore, pair bonding increased corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) expression in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) in male prairie voles, while defeat experience increased BNST CRH expression in females. Chemogenetic excitation of BNST CRH neurons during a short cohabitation with a new partner promoted a partner preference in stress-naïve prairie voles. Interestingly, chemogenetic inhibition of BNST CRH neurons during cohabitation with a new partner blocked partner preference in stress-naïve males but promoted preference in defeated males. Inhibition of BNST CRH neurons also blocked partner preference in stress-naïve females but did not alter preference behavior in defeated females. This study revealed sexual dimorphism in not only the impact of social defeat on pair bond formation, but also in the role BNST CRHergic neurons play in regulating changes in pair bonding following social conflict.
Unraveling Keystone Taxa: Interactions Within Microbial Networks and Environmental Dynamics in Lake Mendota
Authors: Yang Qiyao , Aghdam Rosa , Tran Patricia Q. , Anantharaman Karthik , Solís-Lemus Claudia 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMicrobial communities in freshwater ecosystems drive critical biogeochemical cycles, nutrient transformations, and energy flows essential for ecosystem stability. Yet, in the face of accelerating environmental changes, the responses of these microbial networks to spatial and temporal shifts remain underexplored, particularly with rising anoxia. We investigated the microbial ecosystems of Lake Mendota, Wisconsin, USA, through comprehensive metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analyses to elucidate their adaptations to environmental fluctuations across temporal and spatial dimensions. Employing tools like Sparse Inverse Covariance Estimation for Ecological Association Inference (SPIEC-EASI) and Conditional Auto-Regressive Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (CARlasso), we identified key microbial taxa and their interactions with environmental parameters such as depth, temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen. Our findings reveal that biological interactions more than environmental variables shape microbial community assembly and function. Specifically, keystone taxa from the phylumBacteroidotaemerged as pivotal in nutrient cycling and organic matter decomposition, processes crucial for sustaining water quality. Notably, these keystone taxa demonstrate dynamic adaptability, suggesting that microbial networks can rapidly adjust to changes in composition, a trait essential for resilience in the face of warming temperatures and altered precipitation patterns. This study provides critical insights into the resilience and adaptability of freshwater microbiomes, highlighting the role of microbial interactions in maintaining ecosystem health. By understanding how these microbial networks respond to environmental pressures, we can better predict shifts in microbial dynamics and anticipate the broader ecological impacts of climate change on freshwater systems.ImportanceThis research underscores the critical role of keystone taxa in freshwater ecosystems, highlighting how these organisms maintain water quality and contribute to the stability of aquatic environments. Understanding the ecological roles of these taxa is essential for developing strategies to manage ecosystems and conserve freshwater resources, particularly in the face of ongoing environmental challenges like climate change. The insights provided by this study not only enhance our comprehension of microbial interactions but also support effective ecosystem management and conservation efforts.
Elevated type I interferon signaling defines the proliferative advantage of ARF and p53 mutant tumor cells
Authors: Mabry Alex , Kuzmicki Catherine E. , O’Brien Angelina , Maggi Leonard B. , Weber Jason D. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe tumor suppressors p53 and ARF collaborate to prevent unwarranted cell proliferation and as such are two of the most frequently mutated genes in human cancer. Concomitant loss of functional p53 and ARF leads to massive gains in cell proliferation and transformation and is often observed in some of the most aggressive human cancer subtypes. These phenotypic gains are preceded by increased type I interferon (IFN) signaling that involves canonical STAT1 activation and a subsequent IFN-stimulated gene (ISG) signature. Here, we show that cells lacking p53 and ARF require active JAK1 to phosphorylate STAT1 on Y701 to maintain their high rate of proliferation. In fact, the use of selective JAK1 inhibitors ruxolitinib or baricitinib inhibited the induction of ISG’s and the proliferation of p53 and ARF deleted cells. We identify a group of solid human tumors that lack functional p53 and ARF, show an expression signature of the upregulated type I IFN response genes, and are sensitive to selective JAK1 inhibitors. These data suggest that the type I IFN response acts as a positive driver of proliferation in the absence of p53 and ARF and, as such, presents itself as a potential therapeutic target in aggressive solid tumors.