bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The university campus environment as a protective factor for intimate partner violence against women: An exploratory study
Authors: Marco Miriam , Gracia Enrique , López‐Quílez Antonio 
Published: April 2018

AbstractSome neighborhood characteristics linked to social disorganization theory have been related to intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW). The study of other neighborhood‐level factors that may influence IPVAW risk, however, has received less attention. The aim of this study is to analyze the influence of university campuses on IPVAW risk. To conduct the study, IPVAW cases from 2011 to 2013 in the city of Valencia, Spain, were geocoded (n = 1,623). Census block groups were used as the neighborhood analysis unit. Distance between each census block group and the nearest university campus was measured. A Bayesian spatial model adjusted for census block group‐level characteristics was performed. Results showed that the distance from a university campus was associated with an approximate 7% increase in IPVAW risk per kilometer. These results suggest that university campuses integrated in the city are related to IPVAW risk. Further research is needed to explain the mechanisms involved.
An Evaluation of the Pharmacodynamics, Safety, and Tolerability of the Potassium Binder RDX7675
Authors: Pitt Bertram , Zann Vanessa , Roe Chris , Jacobs Jeffrey W. , Davidson James P. , Dowd Christine , Kumaraswamy Padmapriya , Lin Fangling , Korner Paul , Blanks Robert C. , Rosenbaum David P. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractHyperkalemia is common in patients with heart failure or chronic kidney disease, particularly those taking renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system inhibitors, and can cause arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. The most widely used treatment, sodium polystyrene sulfonate (SPS), limits gastrointestinal potassium absorption, but has poor palatability. RDX7675 (RDX227675) is the calcium salt of a reengineered polystyrene sulfonate‐based resin with improved palatability over SPS. The pharmacodynamic effects and safety of RDX7675 were assessed in a phase 1, single‐center, randomized, active‐controlled study. Healthy volunteers received nominal active doses of RDX7675 4.6 g twice a day (BID), 4.6 g 3 times a day (TID), 6.9 g BID, 13.7 g daily (QD), 9.2 g TID, or 13.7 g BID (n = 12 each), or equivalent doses of SPS (n = 3 each), for 4 days. RDX7675 dosing increased stool potassium excretion and decreased urinary potassium excretion from baseline. Stool potassium excretion increased by up to 1481 mg/day with RDX7675 (6.9 g BID), and urinary potassium excretion decreased by up to 939 mg/day (13.7 g BID). Similar levels of potassium excretion were observed using QD, BID, or TID dosing of a 13.7 g total daily RDX7675 dose. Few adverse events were reported. In conclusion, repeated oral dosing with RDX7675 over 4 days reduced potassium absorption in healthy volunteers; the results support QD dosing of RDX7675 in future clinical studies.
Coloring (gem, co‐gem)‐free graphs
Authors: Karthick T. , Maffray Frédéric 
Published: April 2018

AbstractA gem is a graph that consists of a path on four vertices plus a vertex adjacent to all four vertices of the path. A co‐gem is the complement of a gem. We prove that every (gem, co‐gem)‐free graph G satisfies the inequality (a special case of a conjecture of Gyárfás) and the inequality (a special case of a conjecture of Reed). Moreover, we give an ‐time algorithm that computes the chromatic number of any (gem, co‐gem)‐free graph with n vertices, while the existing algorithm in the literature takes .
Mechanism of CO Oxidation on Cu2O (111) Surface: A DFT and Microkinetic Study
Authors: Wu Ling‐Nan , Tian Zhen‐Yu , Qin Wu 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTCatalytic oxidation has been recognized as one of the most efficient and promising techniques for the abatement of CO and volatile organic compounds. In the present work, the CO oxidation mechanism on perfect Cu2O (111) surface was investigated by using density functional theory (DFT) calculations with the periodic surface model. The unsaturated singly coordinated Cu+ site of Cu2O (111) surface could effectively adsorb gaseous CO molecule with a strong adsorption energy of −1.558 eV. The adsorbed O on Cu2O (111) surface is very active toward CO oxidation with only 0.269 eV energy barrier. The reaction between CO and lattice O is the rate‐determining step of Mars‐van‐Krevelen (MvK) type CO oxidation with the energy barrier of 1.629 eV. The CO oxidation cycle initiated by the reaction between coadsorbed CO and O2 at the CuI site has a relatively lower energy barrier of 1.082 eV and is, therefore, more likely to proceed compared with the MvK cycle. Microkinetic rate constants of elementary reaction steps based on the transition state theory were deduced, which could be helpful in the kinetic modeling of CO oxidation on Cu2O surface.
A novel missense mutation in GRIN2A causes a nonepileptic neurodevelopmental disorder
Authors: Fernández‐Marmiesse Ana , Kusumoto Hirofumi , Rekarte Saray , Roca Iria , Zhang Jin , Myers Scott J. , Traynelis Stephen F. , Couce Mª Luz , Gutierrez‐Solana Luis , Yuan Hongjie 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTBackground: Mutations in the GRIN2A gene, which encodes the GluN2A (glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon‐1) subunit of the N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptor, have been identified in patients with epilepsy‐aphasia spectrum disorders, idiopathic focal epilepsies with centrotemporal spikes, and epileptic encephalopathies with severe developmental delay. However, thus far, mutations in this gene have not been associated with a nonepileptic neurodevelopmental disorder with dystonia.Objectives: The objective of this study was to identify the disease‐causing gene in 2 siblings with neurodevelopmental and movement disorders with no epileptiform abnormalities.Methods: The study method was targeted next‐generation sequencing panel for neuropediatric disorders and subsequent electrophysiological studies.Results: The 2 siblings carry a novel missense mutation in the GRIN2A gene (p.Ala643Asp) that was not detected in genomic DNA isolated from blood cells of their parents, suggesting that the mutation is the consequence of germinal mosaicism in 1 progenitor. In functional studies, the GluN2A‐A643D mutation increased the potency of the agonists L‐glutamate and glycine and decreased the potency of endogenous negative modulators, including protons, magnesium and zinc but reduced agonist‐evoked peak current response in mammalian cells, suggesting that this mutation has a mixed effect on N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptor function.Conclusion: De novo GRIN2A mutations can give rise to a neurodevelopmental and movement disorder without epilepsy. © 2018 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Genotype‐Phenotype Relations for the Parkinson's Disease Genes Parkin, PINK1, DJ1: MDSGene Systematic Review
Authors: Kasten Meike , Hartmann Corinna , Hampf Jennie , Schaake Susen , Westenberger Ana , Vollstedt Eva‐Juliane , Balck Alexander , Domingo Aloysius , Vulinovic Franca , Dulovic Marija , Zorn Ingo , Madoev Harutyun , Zehnle Hanna , Lembeck Christina M. , Schawe Leopold , Reginold Jennifer , Huang Jana , König Inke R. , Bertram Lars , Marras Connie , Lohmann Katja , Lill Christina M. , Klein Christine 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis first comprehensive MDSGene review is devoted to the 3 autosomal recessive Parkinson's disease forms: PARK‐Parkin, PARK‐PINK1, and PARK‐DJ1. It followed MDSGene's standardized data extraction protocol and screened a total of 3652 citations and is based on fully curated phenotypic and genotypic data on >1100 patients with recessively inherited PD because of 221 different disease‐causing mutations in Parkin, PINK1, or DJ1. All these data are also available in an easily searchable online database (www.mdsgene.org), which also provides descriptive summary statistics on phenotypic and genetic data. Despite the high degree of missingness of phenotypic features and unsystematic reporting of genotype data in the original literature, the present review recapitulates many of the previously described findings including early onset (median age at onset of ∼30 years for carriers of at least 2 mutations in any of the 3 genes) of an overall clinically typical form of PD with excellent treatment response, dystonia and dyskinesia being relatively common and cognitive decline relatively uncommon. However, when comparing actual data with common expert knowledge in previously published reviews, we detected several discrepancies. We conclude that systematic reporting of phenotypes is a pressing need in light of increasingly available molecular genetic testing and the emergence of first gene‐specific therapies entering clinical trials. © 2018 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Phenotypic characteristics of the p.Asn215Ser (p.N215S) GLA mutation in male and female patients with Fabry disease: A multicenter Fabry Registry study
Authors: Germain Dominique P. , Brand Eva , Burlina Alessandro , Cecchi Franco , Garman Scott C. , Kempf Judy , Laney Dawn A. , Linhart Aleš , Maródi László , Nicholls Kathy , Ortiz Alberto , Pieruzzi Federico , Shankar Suma P. , Waldek Stephen , Wanner Christoph , Jovanovic Ana 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe p.Asn215Ser or p.N215S GLA variant has been associated with late‐onset cardiac variant of Fabry disease.MethodsTo expand on the scarce phenotype data, we analyzed natural history data from 125 p.N215S patients (66 females, 59 males) enrolled in the Fabry Registry (NCT00196742) and compared it with data from 401 patients (237 females, 164 males) harboring mutations associated with classic Fabry disease. We evaluated interventricular septum thickness (IVST), left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT), estimated glomerular filtration rate and severe clinical events.ResultsIn p.N215S males, mildly abnormal mean IVST and LVPWT values were observed in patients aged 25–34 years, and values gradually increased with advancing age. Mean values were similar to those of classic males. In p.N215S females, these abnormalities occurred primarily in patients aged 55–64 years. Severe clinical events in p.N215S patients were mainly cardiac (males 31%, females 8%) while renal and cerebrovascular events were rare. Renal impairment occurred in 17% of p.N215S males (mostly in patients aged 65–74 years), and rarely in females (3%).Conclusionp.N215S is a disease‐causing mutation with severe clinical manifestations found primarily in the heart. Cardiac involvement may become as severe as in classic Fabry patients, especially in males.
Comparison of biochemical analysis of fetal serum and fetal urine in the prediction of postnatal renal outcome in lower urinary tract obstruction
Authors: Spaggiari Emmanuel , Stirnemann Julien J. , Benedetti Sara , Dreux Sophie , Salomon Laurent J. , Blanc Thomas , Rosenblatt Jonathan , Favre Romain , Ville Yves , Muller Françoise 
Published: April 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo compare the prognostic value of fetal serum biochemistry and fetal urine biochemistry in predicting renal outcome in lower urinary tract obstruction (LUTO).MethodsWe retrospectively studied renal outcome following a prenatal diagnosis of LUTO in cases for which both fetal blood and fetal urine were sampled. We classified the renal outcome as either “favorable,” when postnatal renal function was normal, or “adverse,” in the case of postnatal chronic renal failure or when renal histological lesions were present at autopsy in the case of termination of pregnancy. A prognostic model was constructed for urine and serum separately. β2‐Microglobulin was the only remaining independent predictor in fetal urine. β2‐Microglobulin in serum and urine were compared by using receiver operating characteristic curves.ResultsIn the 50 cases included, the rate of adverse outcome was 34 of 50(68%): autopsy confirmed severity of renal disease in all 27 cases who underwent termination of pregnancy, and among the 23 live born children, 7 developed renal failure. Fetal serum and urine markers were all significantly associated with renal outcome (P < .01). The receiver operating characteristic curves for fetal serum and fetal urinary β2‐microglobulin were similar (area under the curve = 0.908 versus 0.909, P = .96).ConclusionFetal serum biochemistry and fetal urine biochemistry are of similar prognostic value in predicting postnatal renal outcome in fetuses with LUTO.
Exploring cancer survivors' views of health behaviour change: “Where do you start, where do you stop with everything?”
Authors: Corbett Teresa , Cheetham Tara , Müller Andre Matthias , Slodkowska‐Barabasz Joanna , Wilde Laura , Krusche Adele , Richardson Alison , Foster Claire , Watson Eila , Little Paul , Yardley Lucy , Bradbury Katherine 
Published: April 2018

AbstractObjectivePhysical activity (PA) and a healthy diet can improve the well‐being of cancer survivors. However, cancer survivors often do not engage in these behaviours. This study aimed to explore barriers and facilitators to engaging in these behaviours following cancer treatment.MethodsDuring the development of a Web‐based intervention to enhance health‐related quality of life in cancer survivors, 32 people who had completed treatment for breast, colon, or prostate cancer were presented with an intervention for PA and healthy eating. In‐depth think‐aloud and semi‐structured interviewing techniques were used to elicit perceptions of both behaviours. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsSome individuals reported implementing positive health behaviour changes to maintain health and prevent recurrence, or to help them to move forward after cancer. However, others reported feeling abandoned, and many did not report an intention to engage in lifestyle changes. Individuals discussed contextual and health‐related barriers that were specifically linked to their situation as post‐treatment cancer survivors: individuals described uncertainty about how to implement adaptive changes and perceived a lack of support from health care providers. Others viewed behaviour change as unnecessary or undesirable, with some arguing that non‐modifiable factors contributed more to their cancer diagnosis than lifestyle‐related factors.ConclusionsFor many participants in this study, the period that follows treatment for cancer did not represent a “teachable moment.” A variety of complex and heterogeneous factors appeared to impact motivation and may limit cancer survivors from engaging with diet and PA changes.
Unimolecular reactivity of organotrifluoroborate anions, RBF3−, and their alkali metal cluster ions, M(RBF3)2− (M = Na, K; R = CH3, CH3CH2, CH3(CH2)3, CH3(CH2)5, c‐C3H5, C6H5, C6H5CH2, CH2CHCH2, CH2CH, C6H5CO)
Authors: Bathie Fiona L.B. , Bowen Chris J. , Hutton Craig A. , O'Hair Richard A.J. 
Published: April 2018

RationalePotassium organotrifluoroborates (RBF3K) are important reagents used in organic synthesis. Although mass spectrometry is commonly used to confirm their molecular formulae, the gas‐phase fragmentation reactions of organotrifluoroborates and their alkali metal cluster ions have not been previously reported.MethodsNegative‐ion mode electrospray ionization (ESI) together with collision‐induced dissociation (CID) using a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer were used to examine the fragmentation pathways for RBF3− (where R = CH3, CH3CH2, CH3(CH2)3, CH3(CH2)5, c‐C3H5, C6H5, C6H5CH2, CH2CHCH2, CH2CH, C6H5CO) and M(RBF3)2− (M = Na, K), while density functional theory (DFT) calculations at the M06/def2‐TZVP level were used to examine the structures and energies associated with fragmentation reactions for R = Me and Ph.ResultsUpon CID, preferentially elimination of HF occurs for RBF3− ions for systems where R = an alkyl anion, whereas R− formation is favoured when R = a stabilized anion. At higher collision energies loss of F− and additional HF losses are sometimes observed. Upon CID of M(RBF3)2−, formation of RBF3− is the preferred pathway with some fluoride transfer observed only when M = Na. The DFT‐calculated relative thermochemistry for competing fragmentation pathways is consistent with the experiments.ConclusionsThe main fragmentation pathways of RBF3− are HF elimination and/or R− loss. This contrasts with the fragmentation reactions of other organometallate anions, where reductive elimination, beta hydride transfer and bond homolysis are often observed. The presence of fluoride transfer upon CID of Na(RBF3)2− but not K(RBF3)2− is in agreement with the known fluoride affinities of Na+ and K+ and can be rationalized by Pearson's HSAB theory.
Gluino-mediated electroweak penguin with flavor-violating trilinear couplings
Authors: Endo Motoi , Goto Toru , Kitahara Teppei , Mishima Satoshi , Ueda Daiki , Yamamoto Kei 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

In light of a discrepancy of the direct CP violation in K → ππ decays, ε

′

/ε

K
, we investigate gluino contributions to the electroweak penguin, where flavor violations are induced by squark trilinear couplings. Top-Yukawa contributions to ΔS = 2 observables are taken into account, and vacuum stability conditions are evaluated in detail. It is found that this scenario can explain the discrepancy of ε

′

/ε

K
for the squark mass smaller than 5.6 TeV. We also show that the gluino contributions can amplify

$$ \mathrm{\mathcal{B}}\left(K\to \pi \nu \overline{\nu}\right) $$

ℬ

K
→
π
ν

ν
¯

, ℬ(K

S
→ μ
+
μ
−)eff and ΔA
CP(b → sγ). Such large effects could be measured in future experiments.
Fayet-Iliopoulos terms in supergravity without gauged R-symmetry
Authors: Cribiori Niccolò , Farakos Fotis , Tournoy Magnus , Van Proeyen Antoine 
Published: April 2018

AbstractWe construct a supergravity-Maxwell theory with a novel embedding of the Fayet-Iliopoulos D-term, leading to spontaneous supersymmetry breaking. The gauging of the R-symmetry is not required and a gravitino mass is allowed for a generic vacuum. When matter couplings are introduced, an uplift through a positive definite contribution to the scalar potential is obtained. We observe a notable similarity to the$$ \overline{D}3 $$D¯3uplift constructions and we give a natural description in terms of constrained multiplets.
Charged chiral fermions from M5-branes
Authors: Lambert Neil , Owen Miles 
Published: April 2018

AbstractWe study M5-branes wrapped on a multi-centred Taub-NUT space. Reducing to String Theory on theS1fibration leads to D4-branes intersecting with D6-branes. D-braneology shows that there are additional charged chiral fermions from the open strings which stretch between the D4-branes and D6-branes. From the M-theory point of view the appearance of these charged states is mysterious as the M5-branes are wrapped on a smooth manifold. In this paper we show how these states arise in the M5-brane worldvolume theory and argue that are governed by a WZWN-like model where the topological term is five-dimensional.
Super Secondary Structure Consisting of a Polyproline II Helix and a β-Turn in Leucine Rich Repeats in Bacterial Type III Secretion System Effectors
Authors: Batkhishig Dashdavaa , Bilguun Khurelbaatar , Enkhbayar Purevjav , Miyashita Hiroki , Kretsinger Robert H. , Matsushima Norio 
Published: April 2018

AbstractLeucine rich repeats (LRRs) are present in over 100,000 proteins from viruses to eukaryotes. The LRRs are 20–30 residues long and occur in tandem. LRRs form parallel stacks of short β-strands and then assume a super helical arrangement called a solenoid structure. Individual LRRs are separated into highly conserved segment (HCS) with the consensus of LxxLxLxxNxL and variable segment (VS). Eight classes have been recognized. Bacterial LRRs are short and characterized by two prolines in the VS; the consensus is xxLPxLPxx with Nine residues (N-subtype) and xxLPxxLPxx with Ten residues (T-subtype). Bacterial LRRs are contained in type III secretion system effectors such as YopM, IpaH3/9.8, SspH1/2, and SlrP from bacteria. Some LRRs in decorin, fribromodulin, TLR8/9, and FLRT2/3 from vertebrate also contain the motifs. In order to understand structural features of bacterial LRRs, we performed both secondary structures assignments using four programs—DSSP-PPII, PROSS, SEGNO, and XTLSSTR—and HELFIT analyses (calculating helix axis, pitch, radius, residues per turn, and handedness), based on the atomic coordinates of their crystal structures. The N-subtype VS adopts a left handed polyproline II helix (PPII) with four, five or six residues and a type I β-turn at theC-terminal side. Thus, the N-subtype is characterized by a super secondary structure consisting of a PPII and a β-turn. In contrast, the T-subtype VS prefers two separate PPIIs with two or three and two residues. The HELFIT analysis indicates that the type I β-turn is a right handed helix. The HELFIT analysis determines three unit vectors of the helix axes of PPII (P), β-turn (B), and LRR domain (A). Three structural parameters using these three helix axes are suggested to characterize the super secondary structure and the LRR domain.
K-wire migration to unexpected site
Authors: Irianto Komang Agung , Edward Moulli , Fiandana Angga 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT

Kirschner wire migration is a notorious incident in orthopedic surgery. Efforts to avoid it was carried out by several standard procedures, including bending the wire and reporting the cases all around the world in many journals. Nevertheless, the incident still happens, and some include symptoms that amazed doctors as to how the wire travelled.
We reported a migration of forgotten wire to contra lateral region presented as corpus alienum of the lung in a 34-year-old woman after distal clavicular fracture surgery three years previously. We also reported a migrating wire fragment after a fall accident in sport activity of a 28-year-old male; which travelled from clavicular region to cervical 6–7 region in 4 days. Both cases were successfully managed without extravagant surgery or serious damage, helped by meticulous history taking, physical examination, precise imaging, and prompt management. These cases render lessons and discussion for further understanding of the wire migration and the exact protocol in handling K-wire patient.

Highlights:
Augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) applied in dentistry
Authors: Huang Ta‐Ko , Yang Chi‐Hsun , Hsieh Yu‐Hsin , Wang Jen‐Chyan , Hung Chun‐Cheng 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe OSCE is a reliable evaluation method to estimate the preclinical examination of dental students. The most ideal assessment for OSCE is used the augmented reality simulator to evaluate. This literature review investigated a recently developed in virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) starting of the dental history to the progress of the dental skill. As result of the lacking of technology, it needs to depend on other device increasing the success rate and decreasing the risk of the surgery. The development of tracking unit changed the surgical and educational way. Clinical surgery is based on mature education. VR and AR simultaneously affected the skill of the training lesson and navigation system. Widely, the VR and AR not only applied in the dental training lesson and surgery, but also improved all field in our life.