bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasonic‐assisted extraction of betalains from red beet (Beta vulgaris L.)
Authors: Righi Pessoa da Silva Heloísa , da Silva Camila , Bolanho Beatriz Cervejeira 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn this work, ultrasonic‐assisted extraction was evaluated for obtaining red beet extracts rich in betalains. Experiments evaluated the effects of operating variables (temperature, time, and ratio of ethanol to water) using a Box–Behnken experimental design, allowing the determination of conditions that maximize the removal of betacyanins and betaxanthins. The results indicate that the extracts obtained had higher betacyanins’ levels (0.11–4.24 mg/g) than betaxanthins (0.02–2.89 mg/g) for all experimental conditions evaluated. The concentration of ethanol in the extraction solvent had the greatest influence on extraction efficiency, and higher ethanol availability did not favor target compounds removal. Use of higher temperatures impaired betaxanthin extraction but did not affect the removal of betacyanins. The optimum conditions were then evaluated for betalain content, total phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity, and results were compared with conventional extraction methods. The optimum conditions for the extraction of betacyanins and betaxanthins were determined to be at temperatures 52 and 37 °C, with an extraction time of 90 min, using 25% of ethanol in water as the solvent. Under these conditions, betacyanin (4.2 mg/g) and betaxanthin (2.80 mg/g) concentrations were higher than found in conventional extractions, as were phenolic compound concentrations and antioxidant activity.Practical applicationsAn ultrasonic‐assisted extraction method for obtaining red beet extracts rich in betalains is demonstrated to be more efficient than the extraction of these compounds by conventional methods. Extracts obtained by this technique had higher betalains and total phenolic contents and greater antioxidant activity.
Effect of grape seed extract on storage stability of buffalo veal slices at refrigeration temperature (4 ± 1°C)
Authors: Singh Pradeep Kumar , Ahlawat Satyavir Singh , Sharma Diwakar Prasad , Jairath Gauri , Pathera Ashok 
Published: July 2018

AbstractProducts prepared from buffalo veal being low in fat content, needs to be incorporated with additional fat to improve the quality, which challenges the oxidative stability. The grape seed extract (GSE) has been observed to have an antioxidant activity but its overall effect on product features is not well established. The results indicated that GSE incorporated in a product significantly (p ≤ .05) reduced the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and free fatty acids values on the 12th and 16th day of storage. The subjective sensory features like color and appearance, flavor, and overall acceptability revealed that the treated samples have better scores with the progress of storage and the color values (L*, a*, and b*) too indicated the effect of GSE on objective scale. The microbial counts like total plate count, psychrotrophic count, and yeast & mold count decreased significantly (p ≤ 0.05) in GSE (0.2%) treated samples.Practical applicationsQuality meat is being explored worldwide for better products especially in ready to eat category and buffalo veal could be a potential alternative. Slices from the veal may become a product of choice in trending consumers. However, limitation in such products is the storage stability as they need to be stored for a period before reaching to consumption point. The meat products available over the counter in ready to eat category are susceptible for the deteriorative changes involving physico‐chemical and microbiological parameters. There is a long list of agents that can be used to check these spoilage changes but majority of them are of synthetic nature having ill‐health effect, hence there is a need to explore the natural/herbal agent having potential to check the deterioration and enhance the storage stability of meat products. In this context, GSE have been explored here for its potential application.
Monetary Policy and Financial Stability: Cross‐Country Evidence
Authors: FRIEDRICH CHRISTIAN , HESS KRISTINA , CUNNINGHAM ROSE 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe explain the heterogeneous response of central banks to financial stability risks based on a financial stability orientation (FSO) index, which reflects statutory, regulatory, and discretionary components of central banks' monetary policy frameworks. Our baseline results from a cross‐country panel of modified Taylor rules suggest that central banks with a high FSO increase their policy rates in response to elevated financial stability risks by 0.27 percentage points more than central banks with a low orientation. Back‐of‐the‐envelope calculations suggest that this policy rate differential translates into a reduced crisis probability but also into considerably lower inflation and output growth rates.
The Relationships Between the Geriatric Practice Environment, Nursing Practice, and the Quality of Hospitalized Older Adults’ Care
Authors: Fox Mary T. , McCague Hugh , Sidani Souraya , Butler Jeffrey I. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractPurposeTo test the relationships between the geriatric practice environment, geriatric nursing practice, and overall quality of care for older adults and their families as reported by nurses working in hospitals, while controlling for nurse and hospital characteristics.DesignA cross‐sectional tailored survey design was employed. A questionnaire was mailed to a randomly selected sample of nurses whose primary practice area was medicine, surgery, geriatrics, emergency, or critical care in acute care hospitals in Ontario, Canada.MethodsParticipants (N= 2,005) working in 148 hospitals responded to validated measures of the geriatric practice environment, geriatric nursing practice, overall quality of care for older adults and their families, and nurse and hospital characteristics. The relationships were tested using structural equation modeling.FindingsControlling for nurse and hospital characteristics, the geriatric practice environment had a statistically significant positive relationship of large magnitude with both geriatric nursing practice (β = 0.52) and overall quality of care (β = 0.92); however, the indirect relationship between the geriatric practice environment and overall quality of care, mediated by geriatric nursing practice, was not significant (β = ‐0.02). Final model fit was acceptable, with the root mean square error of approximation = 0.07, comparative fit index = 0.93, and Tucker‐Lewis Index = 0.87.ConclusionsA strong geriatric practice environment positively and directly influences geriatric nursing practice and overall quality of care for older adults and their families but does not appear to influence overall quality of care indirectly through geriatric nursing practice.Clinical RelevanceThe results can be used as the basis for promoting practice environments that support overall quality of care and geriatric nursing practice in acute care hospitals.
Architecture of structures in the urogenital triangle of young adult males; comparison with females
Authors: Wu Yi , Dabhoiwala Noshir F. , Hagoort Jaco , Hikspoors Jill P. J. M. , Tan Li‐Wen , Mommen Greet , Hu Xin , Zhang Shao‐Xiang , Lamers Wouter H. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe fibro‐muscular architecture of the urogenital triangle remains contentious. Reasons are small size of the constituting structures and poor visibility with most imaging methods. We reinvestigated the area in serial sections of three males (21–38 years old) of the American and Chinese Visible Human Projects and two 26‐week‐old male fetuses, and compared the findings with earlier observations in females. The mass of the levator ani muscle was approximately twofold smaller and its funnel shape steeper in males than females. In the levator hiatus, a strand of the smooth longitudinal muscle layer of the rectum, the ‘rectourethral (RU) muscle’, extended anteriorly from the anorectal bend to the penile bulb. Fibrous tissue that formed in the inferior reach of the fetal RU muscle identified the location of the developing perineal body (PB) and divided the muscle into posterior ‘rectoperineal’ and anterior ‘deep perineal’ portions. In males, the PB remained small and bipartite, so that the RU muscle presented as an undivided midline structure. The well‐developed female PB, instead, intertwined with the deep perineal muscle and both structures passed the vagina bilaterally to form the perineal membrane in the posterior portion of the urogenital triangle. The urethral rhabdosphincter extended in the anterior portion of the urogenital triangle between the penile bulb inferiorly and the bladder neck superiorly, and consisted of a well‐developed circular ‘membranous’ portion with bilateral posteroinferior ‘wings’ and a thinner ‘prostatic’ portion on the prostate anterior side. In men, muscles occupy the urogenital triangle, but additional tightening of the locally fibrous adipose tissue by the superficial transverse perineal muscle appears necessary to generate functional support in women. An interactive 3D pdf file with these anatomical details (available online) should allow more accurate interpretation of ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance images.
The relationship of dietary diversity score with depression and anxiety among prenatal and post‐partum women
Authors: Jiang Wen , Mo Minjia , Li Minchao , Wang Shuojia , Muyiduli Xiamusiye , Shao Bule , Jiang Shuying , Yu Yunxian 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAimThe objective of the study is to explore the relationship between the dietary diversity score (DDS) and anxiety and depression of perinatal women.MethodsThe Self‐Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self‐Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and the dietary recall questionnaire were used to measure the status of depression, anxiety and dietary diversity at T1 (first trimester), T2 (second trimester), T3 (third trimester) and T4 (post‐partum). The association of dietary diversity and food groups with depression and anxiety status were estimated by linear and logistic regression models.ResultsThe prevalence of depression and anxiety status were the highest at T1, which were 35.58% and 22.57%, respectively. Cross‐sectional and longitudinal association of DDS with SDS and SAS was estimated by ordinary or multilevel linear or logistic model. In the cross‐sectional analysis, high dietary status (>6) was negatively associated with depression status [T1: OR (95% CI) = 0.56 (0.46, 0.69); T2: 0.55 (0.36, 0.84); T3: 0.45 (0.31, 0.65); T4: 0.58 (0.34, 0.99)] and anxiety status [T1: OR (95% CI) = 0.70 (0.56, 0.88); T2: 0.42 (0.27, 0.65)]. In the longitudinal analysis, it was demonstrated that the DDS level was negatively associated with SDS [β(se) = −0.99 (0.09), P = <0.0001] and SAS scores [β(se) = −0.37 (0.08), P = <0.0001] throughout pregnancy. There was a negative relationship between some food groups and SDS or SAS scores at different periods.ConclusionA negative relationship between DDS and depression as well as anxiety was found among prenatal and post‐partum women.
Adjuvant chemotherapy for a primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the uterine corpus: A case report and literature review
Authors: Akazawa Munetoshi , Saito Toshiaki , Ariyoshi Kazuya , Okadome Masao , Yokoyama Ryohei , Taguchi Kenichi 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PENT) belongs to the category of a Ewing sarcoma. A PENT of the uterus is rare and has been known to be very aggressive by nature. Owing to the rarity of the tumor, there is no optimal treatment at present. In many cases, after hysterectomy, chemotherapy or radiation therapy has been performed. However, an effective chemotherapy regimen was unclear. In the soft tissue sarcoma area, the chemotherapy approach has recently greatly improved. Vincristine, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide and etoposide (VDC‐IE) therapy has improved the survival rate of patients with Ewing sarcoma/PENT. Thus, VDC‐IE therapy may be used for a uterine PENT. Here, we report a case of a uterine PENT in a premenopausal woman successfully treated with multimodality treatment including VDC‐IE therapy and discuss the optimal chemotherapy for a uterine PENT through a literature review.
Left atrial appendage closure with the Ultraseal device: Initial experience and mid‐term follow‐up
Authors: Pagnotta Paolo A. , Chiarito Mauro , Pllaha Elton , Zavalloni Parenti Dennis , Rossi Marco L. , Mantovani Riccardo , Pisano Francesco , Stefanini Giulio G. , Reimers Bernhard 
Published: July 2018

AimsLeft atrial appendage (LAA) closure is considered an effective option in patients with non‐valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) and contraindications to long‐term oral anticoagulant (OAC) therapy. However, there are some concerns about safety of currently available devices. Our aim is to provide an initial assessment on feasibility and safety of the novel LAA closure Ultraseal device in patients with NVAF and contraindications to long‐term OAC therapy.MethodsTwenty‐three consecutive patients with NVAF undergoing Ultraseal device implantation between July 2016 and February 2018 at two institutions were included. All patients performed transesophageal echocardiography and computed tomography angiography prior to LAA closure.ResultsProcedural success was achieved in all patients except two who experienced incorrect device deployment with incomplete LAA closure. Procedure duration halved from first to last procedure performed. The only periprocedural adverse events observed were a myocardial infarction and an in‐hospital death due pneumonia. At mean follow‐up (166 ± 80 days) all other patients were alive and free from major bleedings and ischaemic strokes.ConclusionsOur results suggest that the Ultraseal device is a feasible option for LAA occlusion. Notably, the learning curve in this registry was fast, paralleled by extremely low complication rates. These results should be considered hypothesis generating and larger studies are mandatory.
Influence of the color and size of the plate on the subjective ratings of, taste expectations concerning, and willingness‐to‐pay for, Asian noodles
Authors: Zhao Hui , An Jun , Spence Charles , Wan Xiaoang 
Published: July 2018

AbstractTwo experiments were designed to investigate the effect of plate color and plate size on taste expectations, subjective ratings of, and willingness‐to‐pay for, Asian noodles and Italian pastas. Chinese participants viewed photographs of these foods served on plates of different colors and sizes, rated their liking, familiarity, taste expectations for the foods, and indicated how much they would be willing to pay for them. The foods were presented against the backdrop of store‐bought or computer‐edited colored plates. Presenting the food on white plates resulted in the highest familiarity scores. Interestingly, the participants were willing to pay approximately 16% more for the same quantity of Asian noodles when served on smaller (rather than larger) plates. Different patterns of results were observed with two types of Italian pasta that the Chinese participants were less familiar with, suggesting a moderating role of the familiarity people have with the foods.Practical applicationsThe present study provides novel findings concerning the influence of plateware on Asian noodles, a commonly eaten food in many Asian countries. The findings suggest a fundamental difference between the role of plateware in the subjective ratings of, and taste expectations concerning, regularly consumed familiar and unfamiliar foods as in the present study and the snack food in previous studies. These findings are therefore relevant to those researchers and practitioners interested in how the receptacle, as an important contextual factor, influences consumers' perception and consumption of foods. These findings also have direct implications for those serving food in restaurants.
Children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in Australasia: An online survey of model of care, workforce and outcomes
Authors: de Bock Martin , Jones Timothy W , Fairchild Jan , Mouat Fran , Jefferies Craig 
Published: July 2018

AimTo survey the model of care and workforce that manages children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) in Australasia along with glycaemic outcomes.MethodsTertiary and regional paediatric clinics in Australia and New Zealand (NZ) caring for children and adolescents with diabetes were invited to complete an online survey assessing health‐care professional (HCP) workforce numbers and available clinical data for the 2016 calendar year.ResultsA total of 38 sites responded – 25 Australian (10 tertiary, 15 regional), 13 NZ (4 tertiary, 8 regional) – representing 9715 children with T1D. HCP resourcing varied across sites, with overall HCP/100 patient ratios of: doctors: 0.36 (0.08–1.07), nurses: 0.72 (0–1.8), dieticians: 0.19 (0–0.49) and psychologist/social workers: 0.13 (0–0.36). Overall, 39% of patients used insulin pump therapy (CSII) (29.5% NZ, 40.8% Australia). Databases were being used locally by 26 sites. Thirty‐two sites reported the mean clinic HbA1c, mean HbA1c 66 mmol/mol (8.2%) (NZ = 69 mmol/mol (8.5%), Australia = 66 mmol/mol (8.2%)), with 29% of patients attaining the recommended HbA1c target of <58 mmol/mol (7.5%) (NZ = 28%, Australia = 29%).ConclusionsThis is the largest Australasian paediatric T1D workforce survey to date. HCP to patient ratios remain well below international recommendations and have not changed over the last 5–7 years. Glycaemic outcomes in this population were below recommended levels in the majority of patients. There is an urgent need to reform models of care and workforce and to institute systematic benchmarking in both countries in order to prevent acute and chronic complications of T1D.
Maternal intelligence quotient and motor development in early childhood: The mediating role of mother's education
Authors: Ye Aoxing , Yan Shuangqin , Huang Kun , Mao Leijing , Ge Xing , Weng Tingting , Zuo Azhu , Tao Xingyong , Tao Fangbiao 
Published: July 2018

AimTo examine the association between maternal intelligence quotient (IQ) and early childhood motor development and whether maternal education mediates this relationship.MethodsData were collected prospectively in the Ma'anshan Birth Cohort study. Maternal IQ was assessed using the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale‐Revised by China (WAIS‐RC). Information on baseline characteristics and maternal education was obtained from questionnaires and medical records. The study outcome was motor development evaluated at 18 months by the Third Edition of Ages and Stages Questionnaire. Logistic regression analyses and mediation analyses were used.ResultsOf 2739 valid subjects (84% follow‐up), the rate of developmental delay was 3.1% in the gross motor domain and 6.2% in the fine motor domain. The mean value for maternal IQ was 96.2 (standard deviation 10.6). About 40.3% of the mothers had secondary education or less, while 59.7% had a college education. Mothers with higher IQ had a significantly higher educational level and had children with better motor development. Maternal education significantly mediated the association between maternal IQ and fine motor development. There was a direct effect of maternal IQ on gross motor development, but the mediation effect of maternal education was not found.ConclusionsMaternal IQ was associated with motor development. Maternal education played an important role in reducing the disparities in fine motor development among children of different maternal IQs.
Probiotics supplementation in children with asthma: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Lin Jilei , Zhang Yin , He Chunyan , Dai Jihong 
Published: July 2018

AimTo systematically review the effects of probiotics supplementation in children with asthma.MethodsAn electronic search was conducted on PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, CQ VIP Database and Wanfang Data until November 2017. The reference lists of included studies and pertinent reviews were checked for supplementing our search. Randomised control trials that compared probiotics versus placebo were included.ResultsEleven studies with a total of 910 children met eligibility criteria. The pooled data revealed that the proportion of children with fewer episodes of asthma was significantly higher in the probiotics group than in the control group (risk ratio 1.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06–1.59); the reduction of IL‐4 (mean differences −2.34, 95% CI −3.38, −1.29) and the increasing of interferon‐γ (mean differences 2.5, 95% CI 1.23–3.76) was also significant after the treatment of probiotics. Nevertheless, no statistical significance was observed in childhood asthma control test, asthmatic symptom in the day and night, the number of symptom‐free days, forced expiratory volume in the first second predicted and peak expiratory flow.ConclusionsThis systematic review does not confirm or rule out the beneficial effects of probiotics supplementation in children with asthma. More well‐designed randomised control trials with larger sample sizes need to be conducted to evaluate the effects of probiotics in children with asthma in the future.
Do Social Resources Matter? Social Capital, Personality Traits, and the Ability to Plan Ahead
Authors: Anand Paul , Poggi Ambra 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThis paper is motivated by growing interest in noncognitive skills and the fact that many, if not most, economic and social actions require agents to plan ahead. More specifically, we use unique data from the US, UK, and Italy to show that two major classes of social resource—personality and social capital—are significant predictors of planning capacity. We use the data to estimate frontier models that help establish three empirical facts about the ability to plan. First, planning ability depends on a rich array of social resources including networks, the freedom to participate, neighbourhood co‐operation, and trust (social capital) and personality traits such as extroversion, conscientiousness, and emotional stability. Secondly, we provide evidence that some personalities are more efficient than others in using resources to help them plan. Thirdly, we develop evidence of three personality profiles, referred to as ‘over‐controlled’, ‘resilient’ and ‘under‐controlled,’ and highlight the fact that these three profiles benefit differently from various aspects of social resources capital. We discuss these findings and conclude that a wide range of economic policies designed to facilitate individual planning may need to allow for heterogeneities in social resources if they are to be successful.