bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NGTS-7Ab: an ultrashort-period brown dwarf transiting a tidally locked and active M dwarf
Authors: Jackman James A G , Wheatley Peter J , Bayliss Dan , Gill Samuel , Hodgkin Simon T , Burleigh Matthew R , Braker Ian P , Günther Maximilian N , Louden Tom , Turner Oliver , Anderson David R , Belardi Claudia , Bouchy François , Briegal Joshua T , Bryant Edward M , Cabrera Juan , Casewell Sarah L , Chaushev Alexander , Costes Jean C , Csizmadia Szilard , Eigmüller Philipp , Erikson Anders , Gänsicke Boris T , Gillen Edward , Goad Michael R , Jenkins James S , McCormac James , Moyano Maximiliano , Nielsen Louise D , Pollacco Don , Poppenhaeger Katja , Queloz Didier , Rauer Heike , Raynard Liam , Smith Alexis M S , Udry Stéphane , Vines Jose I , Watson Christopher A , West Richard G 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
We present the discovery of NGTS-7Ab, a high-mass brown dwarf transiting an M dwarf with a period of 16.2 h, discovered as part of the Next Generation Transit Survey (NGTS). This is the shortest period transiting brown dwarf around a main or pre-main sequence star to date. The M star host (NGTS-7A) has an age of roughly 55 Myr and is in a state of spin–orbit synchronization, which we attribute to tidal interaction with the brown dwarf acting to spin-up the star. The host star is magnetically active and shows multiple flares across the NGTS and follow-up light curves, which we use to probe the flare–star-spot phase relation. The host star also has an M star companion at a separation of 1.13 arcsec with very similar proper motion and systemic velocity, suggesting that the NGTS-7 system is a hierarchical triple. The combination of tidal synchronisation and magnetic braking is expected to drive on-going decay of the brown dwarf orbit, with a remaining lifetime of only 5–10 Myr.
The contribution from rotating massive stars to the enrichment in Sr and Ba of the Milky Way
Authors: Rizzuti F , Cescutti G , Matteucci F , Chieffi A , Hirschi R , Limongi M 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Most neutron capture elements have a double production by r- and s-processes, but the question of production sites is complex and still open. Recent studies show that including stellar rotation can have a deep impact on nucleosynthesis. We studied the evolution of Sr and Ba in the Milky Way. A chemical evolution model was employed to reproduce the Galactic enrichment. We tested two different nucleosynthesis prescriptions for s-process in massive stars, adopted from the Geneva group and the Rome group. Rotation was taken into account, studying the effects of stars without rotation or rotating with different velocities. We also tested different production sites for the r-process: magneto rotational driven supernovae and neutron star mergers. The evolution of the abundances of Sr and Ba is well reproduced. The comparison with the the most recent observations shows that stellar rotation is a good assumption, but excessive velocities result in overproduction of these elements. In particular, the predicted evolution of the [Sr/Ba] ratio at low metallicity does not explain the data at best if rotation is not included. Adopting different rotational velocities for different stellar mass and metallicity better explains the observed trends. Despite the differences between the two sets of adopted stellar models, both show a better agreement with the data assuming an increase of rotational velocity toward low metallicity. Assuming different r-process sources does not alter this conclusion.
An extragalactic chromosome map: the intermediate-age SMC cluster Lindsay 1
Authors: Saracino S , Bastian N , Kozhurina-Platais V , Cabrera-Ziri I , Dalessandro E , Kacharov N , Lardo C , Larsen S S , Mucciarelli A , Platais I , Salaris M 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
The discovery of star-to-star abundance variations (a.k.a. multiple populations – MPs) within globular clusters (GCs), which are generally not found in the field or in lower mass open clusters, has led to a search for the unique property of GCs that allow them to host this phenomenon. Recent studies have shown that MPs are not limited to the ancient GCs but are also found in massive clusters with ages down to (at least) 2 Gyr. This finding is important for understanding the physics of the MP phenomenon, as these young clusters can provide much stronger constraints (e.g. on potential age spreads within the clusters) than older ones. However, a direct comparison between ancient GCs and intermediate clusters has not yet been possible due to the different filters adopted in their studies. Here we present new Hubble Space Telescope UV photometry of the 7.5 Gyr, massive Small Magellanic Cloud cluster, Lindsay 1, in order to compare its pseudo colour–colour diagram to that of Galactic GCs. We find that they are almost identical and conclude that the MPs phenomenon is the same, regardless of cluster age and host galaxy.
Play with Closing Markers: Cadential Multivalence in 1960s Prechoruses and Related Schemas
Authors: Heetderks David 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn 1960s pop/rock, the end of a prechorus often uses text, breakaway from harmonic loops, hypermeter, or a change of melody to heighten expectation for tonic harmony and create structural closure. Songs harness this heightened expectation to underscore the importance of the chorus and illustrate the singer’s lyrics. These closing markers provide a wide range of expressive and formal options by creating various cadential effects, including a closed cadence overlapping with the chorus, an open cadence before the chorus, or—in passages often depicting marked emotional states—conflicting formal cues.
Molecular determinants for enzalutamide-induced transcription in prostate cancer
Authors: Yuan Fuwen , Hankey William , Wu Dayong , Wang Hongyan , Somarelli Jason , Armstrong Andrew J , Huang Jiaoti , Chen Zhong , Wang Qianben 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Enzalutamide, a second-generation androgen receptor (AR) antagonist, has demonstrated clinical benefit in men with prostate cancer. However, it only provides a temporary response and modest increase in survival, indicating a rapid evolution of resistance. Previous studies suggest that enzalutamide may function as a partial transcriptional agonist, but the underlying mechanisms for enzalutamide-induced transcription remain poorly understood. Here, we show that enzalutamide stimulates expression of a novel subset of genes distinct from androgen-responsive genes. Treatment of prostate cancer cells with enzalutamide enhances recruitment of pioneer factor GATA2, AR, Mediator subunits MED1 and MED14, and RNA Pol II to regulatory elements of enzalutamide-responsive genes. Mechanistically, GATA2 globally directs enzalutamide-induced transcription by facilitating AR, Mediator and Pol II loading to enzalutamide-responsive gene loci. Importantly, the GATA2 inhibitor K7174 inhibits enzalutamide-induced transcription by decreasing binding of the GATA2/AR/Mediator/Pol II transcriptional complex, contributing to sensitization of prostate cancer cells to enzalutamide treatment. Our findings provide mechanistic insight into the future combination of GATA2 inhibitors and enzalutamide for improved AR-targeted therapy.
The impact of biomarkers of acute kidney injury on individual patient care
Authors: Koyner Jay L , Zarbock Alexander , Basu Rajit K , Ronco Claudio 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) remains a common clinical syndrome associated with increased morbidity and mortality. In the last several years there have been several advances in the identification of patients at increased risk for AKI through the use of traditional and newer functional and damage biomarkers of AKI. This article will specifically focus on the impact of biomarkers of AKI on individual patient care, focusing predominantly on the markers with the most expansive breadth of study in patients and reported literature evidence. Several studies have demonstrated that close monitoring of widely available biomarkers such as serum creatinine and urine output is strongly associated with improved patient outcomes. An integrated approach to these biomarkers used in context with patient risk factors (identifiable using electronic health record monitoring) and with tests of renal reserve may guide implementation and targeting of care bundles to optimize patient care. Besides traditional functional markers, biochemical injury biomarkers have been increasingly utilized in clinical trials both as a measure of kidney injury as well as a trigger to initiate other treatment options (e.g. care bundles and novel therapies). As the novel measures are becoming globally available, the clinical implementation of hospital-based real-time biomarker measurements involves a multidisciplinary approach. This literature review discusses the data evidence supporting both the strengths and limitations in the clinical implementation of biomarkers based on the authors’ collective clinical experiences and opinions.
The South China Sea is not a mini-Atlantic: plate-edge riftingvsintra-plate rifting
Authors: Wang Pinxian , Huang Chi-Yue , Lin Jian , Jian Zhimin , Sun Zhen , Zhao Minghui 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe South China Sea, as ‘a non-volcanic passive margin basin’ in the Pacific, has often been considered as a small-scale analogue of the Atlantic. The recent ocean drilling in the northern South China Sea margin found, however, that the Iberian model of non-volcanic rifted margin from the Atlantic does not apply to the South China Sea. In this paper, we review a variety of rifted basins and propose to discriminate two types of rifting basins: plate-edge type such as the South China Sea and intra-plate type like the Atlantic. They not only differ from each other in structure, formation process, lifespan and geographic size, but also occur at different stages of the Wilson cycle. The intra-plate rifting occurred in the Mesozoic and gave rise to large oceans, whereas the plate-edge rifting took place mainly in the mid-Cenozoic, with three-quarters of the basins concentrated in the Western Pacific. As a member of the Western Pacific system of marginal seas, the South China Sea should be studied not in isolation on its origin and evolution, but in a systematic context to include also its neighboring counterparts.
Evaluation of Sex Differences in the Elasticity of Demand for Nicotine and Food in Rats
Authors: Chellian Ranjithkumar , Wilson Ryann , Polmann Michaela , Knight Parker , Behnood-Rod Azin , Bruijnzeel Adriaan W 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Animal studies can inform policy regarding nicotine levels in tobacco products and e-cigarette solutions. Increasing the price of nicotine-containing products decreases their use, but it is unknown how the relationship between price and consumption is affected by both sex and nicotine dose.

Methods
A behavioral economics procedure was used to determine the demand elasticity for nicotine in male and female rats. Demand elasticity describes the relationship between price and consumption. A high level of elasticity indicates that consumption is relatively sensitive to increases in price. The rats self-administered a low dose (0.01 mg/kg/inf) or a standard dose (0.03 mg/kg/inf) of nicotine for 9 days under a fixed-ratio (FR) 1 schedule. Then the price (FR schedule) of nicotine was increased, and a demand analysis was conducted. A similar study was conducted with palatable food pellets.

Results
There were no sex differences in nicotine or food intake under the FR1 schedule. However, demand for 0.03 mg/kg/inf of nicotine was more elastic in females than males. Demand for 0.01 mg/kg/inf of nicotine and food was more elastic in males than females.

Conclusions
These findings indicate that there are no differences in nicotine and food intake between males and females when the price is low. When the price of nicotine or food is increased, males maintain their old level of intake longer than females when they have access to a standard dose of nicotine, and females maintain their intake longer when they have access to a low dose of nicotine or food.

Implications
This behavioral economics analysis indicates that there is no sex difference in nicotine intake when the price of nicotine is low. Increasing the price of nicotine decreases nicotine intake in a dose- and sex-specific manner. Males maintain their old level of intake longer when they have access to a standard dose of nicotine and females when they have access to a low dose. This has implications for tobacco regulatory policy. In a regulatory environment where only low nicotine-containing products are allowed, increasing the price of nicotine products may lead to a greater decrease in nicotine use in males than females.
Learning Experiences Within Infectious Diseases Pharmacy Residency Programs in the United States: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Cho Jonathan C , Crotty Matthew P , Kufel Wesley D , Chahine Elias B , Sofjan Amelia K , Gallagher Jason C , Estrada Sandy J 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Pharmacists with residency training in infectious diseases (ID) optimize antimicrobial therapy outcomes in patients and support antimicrobial stewardship (AS) programs. Although most ID residencies are accredited and assessed by certain standards, the degree to which these programs are similar is not known.

Methods
A 19-item, cross-sectional, multicentered, electronic survey was distributed via e-mail to pharmacy residency program directors (RPDs) of all 101 second-year postgraduate (PGY-2) ID residency programs in the United States.

Results
Survey responses were collected from 71 RPDs (70.3%); 64.8% were associated with an academic medical center and 97.2% focused primarily in adult ID. Rotations in the microbiology laboratory, adult AS, and adult ID consult were required in 98.6% of residency programs. Only 28.2% of responding programs required pediatric AS and pediatric ID consult rotations. Programs at academic medical centers were more likely to offer immunocompromised host ID consult (P = .003), pediatric ID consult (P = .006), and hospital epidemiology (P = .047) rotations but less frequently offered outpatient AS (P = .003), viral hepatitis clinics (P = .001), and travel medicine clinics (P = .007) rotations compared to programs at nonacademic medical centers. Residents were frequently involved in AS committees (97.2%), pharmacokinetic dosing of antimicrobials (83.1%), precepting pharmacy trainees (80.3%), and performing research projects (91.5%).

Conclusions
The PGY-2 ID pharmacy residency programs demonstrated consistency in required adult ID consult, antimicrobial management activities, committee service, and teaching and research opportunities. Pediatric experiences were less common. The PGY-2 ID residency programs prepare pharmacists to become antimicrobial stewards for adult patients.
Diurnal.plant.tools: Comparative Transcriptomic and Co-expression Analyses of Diurnal Gene Expression of the Archaeplastida Kingdom
Authors: Ng Jonathan Wei Xiong , Tan Qiao Wen , Ferrari Camilla , Mutwil Marek 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Almost all organisms coordinate some aspects of their biology through the diurnal cycle. Photosynthetic organisms, and plants especially, have established complex programs that coordinate physiological, metabolic and developmental processes with the changing light. The diurnal regulation of the underlying transcriptional processes is observed when groups of functionally related genes (gene modules) are expressed at a specific time of the day. However, studying the diurnal regulation of these gene modules in the plant kingdom was hampered by the large amount of data required for the analyses. To meet this need, we used gene expression data from 17 diurnal studies spanning the whole Archaeplastida kingdom (Plantae kingdom in the broad sense) to make an online diurnal database. We have equipped the database with tools that allow user-friendly cross-species comparisons of gene expression profiles, entire co-expression networks, co-expressed clusters (involved in specific biological processes), time-specific gene expression and others. We exemplify how these tools can be used by studying three important biological questions: (i) the evolution of cell division, (ii) the diurnal control of gene modules in algae and (iii) the conservation of diurnally controlled modules across species. The database is freely available at http://diurnal.plant.tools.
Cytosolic Acetyl-CoA Generated by ATP-Citrate Lyase Is Essential for Acetylation of Cell Wall Polysaccharides
Authors: Zhong Ruiqin , Cui Dongtao , Richardson Elizabeth A , Phillips Dennis R , Azadi Parastoo , Lu Grace , Ye Zheng-Hua 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Plant cell wall polysaccharides, including xylan, glucomannan, xyloglucan and pectin, are often acetylated. Although a number of acetyltransferases responsible for the acetylation of some of these polysaccharides have been biochemically characterized, little is known about the source of acetyl donors and how acetyl donors are translocated into the Golgi, where these polysaccharides are synthesized. In this report, we investigated roles of ATP-citrate lyase (ACL) that generates cytosolic acetyl-CoA in cell wall polysaccharide acetylation and effects of simultaneous mutations of four Reduced Wall Acetylation (RWA) genes on acetyl-CoA transport into the Golgi in Arabidopsis thaliana. Expression analyses of genes involved in the generation of acetyl-CoA in different subcellular compartments showed that the expression of several ACL genes responsible for cytosolic acetyl-CoA synthesis was elevated in interfascicular fiber cells and induced by secondary wall-associated transcriptional activators. Simultaneous downregulation of the expression of ACL genes was demonstrated to result in a substantial decrease in the degree of xylan acetylation and a severe alteration in secondary wall structure in xylem vessels. In addition, the degree of acetylation of other cell wall polysaccharides, including glucomannan, xyloglucan and pectin, was also reduced. Moreover, Golgi-enriched membrane vesicles isolated from the rwa1/2/3/4 quadruple mutant were found to exhibit a drastic reduction in acetyl-CoA transport activity compared with the wild type. These findings indicate that cytosolic acetyl-CoA generated by ACL is essential for cell wall polysaccharide acetylation and RWAs are required for its transport from the cytosol into the Golgi.
Using Implementation Frameworks to Provide Proactive Physical Therapy for People With Parkinson Disease: Case Report
Authors: Rafferty Miriam R , MacDonald Jillian , Byskosh Alexandria , Sloan Laura , Toledo Santiago , Marciniak Christina , Simuni Tanya 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background and Purpose
European clinical practice guidelines recommend physical therapy for people with Parkinson disease (PD) soon after diagnosis to provide education, physical activity advice, and individualized interventions when needed. However, therapy is frequently not used until after gait and balance problems occur. The purpose of this administrative case study is to present the application of a proactive physical therapy (PAPT) approach at 1 rehabilitation center using implementation frameworks to support the (1) implementation process, (2) determinants of implementation success, and (3) implementation evaluation.

Case Description
The PAPT program targeted people with PD before the onset of significant mobility dysfunction. It was initiated in 1 outpatient neurological rehabilitation center. The program used shared decision-making to promote long-term maintenance of independent exercise. The Knowledge-to-Action Framework was used by champions to plan implementation processes. Implementation barriers were addressed using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. The program was evaluated using the RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance) framework with mixed methods.

Outcomes
In the program’s first year, 38 people were referred, 28 were evaluated, and 20 participated in the 6-month program evaluation. Following PAPT, the number of participants reporting regular participation in aerobic, strengthening, and flexibility exercise approximately doubled, while those engaging in balance activities increased from 1 to 8. They reported a median of 140 minutes of aerobic exercise per week. Implementation barriers included location, insurance coverage, and difficulty scheduling long-term follow-up visits. Participants reported physical and emotional benefits of the program.

Discussion
Implementation frameworks assisted with the implementation and evaluation of a PAPT delivery model that helped people with PD to increase and maintain independent exercise participation.
Effects of an Individualized Exercise Program Plus Behavioral Change Enhancement Strategies for Managing Fatigue in Older People Who Are Frail: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Liu Justina Y W , Kor Patrick P K , Lee Paul L , Chien Wai T , Siu Parco M , Hill Keith D 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Although the evidence suggests that general fatigue is a strong indicator of rapid aging, frailty, and disability, general fatigue is undertreated in gerontological care.

Objective
The aim of this study is to investigate whether an individualized exercise program with and without behavioral change enhancement (BCE) strategies for older people who are frail and have general fatigue will reduce their fatigue and symptoms of frailty.

Design
A 3-arm, single-blind, cluster randomized controlled trial registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03394495) will be conducted.

Setting
The study will be conducted in a community setting.

Participants
Two hundred eighty-five community-dwelling older people with general fatigue will be recruited from 12 district community health centers.

Intervention
People from each center will be randomized to one of three groups. The combined group will receive a 16-week combined intervention consisting of individualized exercise training and the BCE program, plus two booster sessions at 2 and 6 months after the program. The exercise group will receive exercise training and health talks only. The control group will receive health talks only.

Measurements
Outcome measures will be collected at baseline, at the midpoint (week 8) of the program, and then at 1 week, 6 months, and 12 months after the end of the program. The primary outcome---level of fatigue---will be measured using the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory. Secondary outcomes will include the participants’ frailty status, strength, mobility, exercise self-efficacy, and habitual physical activity.

Limitations
A self-reported level of fatigue will be used.

Conclusions
The effect of exercise and BCE strategies on general fatigue among older people who are frail is not known. This study will be a pioneering interventional study on how general fatigue among older people who are frail can be managed and how fatigue-related frailty can be prevented or minimized.