bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of ease of intubation and glottic visualisation using Miller (paraglossal approach) and Macintosh laryngoscope in adults: A randomised crossover study
Authors: Saravanan Balachandar , Mishra Gayatri , Pandey Vaibhav , Charles Antony John , Kumar V R Hemanth 
Published: November 2024

Previous randomised controlled trials have produced inconclusive results about the initial success rates of intubation when comparing the adult Miller and Macintosh blades. A prospective randomised crossover study involving 200 adult ASA I or II patients scheduled for elective surgery under general anaesthesia. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of intubation with the adult Miller blade using a paraglossal approach compared to the Macintosh blade in adult patients. Tocompare the ease of orotracheal intubation and glottic visualisation using the adult Miller and Macintosh blades. After obtaining approval from the ethical committee, 200 adult patients satisfying inclusion criteria were enrolled. Group allocation was determined by the order of blade usage during laryngoscopy, with randomisation conducted via computer-generated random numbers. Patients were divided into two groups: Group MAC (where the initial laryngoscopy was performed using the Miller blade, followed by intubation with the Macintosh blade) or Group MIL (where the initial laryngoscopy was performed using the Macintosh blade, followed by intubation with the Miller blade). Following standard anaesthesia protocols, the first laryngoscopy was carried out with the randomly assigned blade, accompanied by the administration of a 10% Lignocaine spray. After one minute of mask ventilation, the second laryngoscopy was performed with the alternate blade, and intubation was completed. Parameters were documented, including the first attempt intubation success rate, Cormack-Lehane grade, intubation duration, utilisation of ancillary devices for intubation, and hemodynamic measures. The first attempt success rate was 92% and 95% in Group MIL and Group MAC, respectively (P=0.081). Cormack-Lehane grade I was seen in 73% of cases in Group MIL and 68% of in Group MAC (P=0.022). The average intubation time was 16.42±1.60 seconds in Group MIL and 16.68±1.38 seconds in Group MAC (P=0.221). Utilizing the Miller laryngoscope and paraglossal technique for adult intubation demonstrates comparable first-attempt intubation success rates to the Macintosh blade while providing superior glottic visualisation.
Ultrasound-guided pericapsular nerve group block for postoperative analgesia following hip arthroplast
Authors: Bhatia Rohan , Bhatnagar Khagol , Bhandari Rajiv , Siddiqui Faiz Akbar 
Published: November 2024

Our objective was to evaluate postoperative analgesia after ultrasound-guided Pericapsular nerve group block (PENG) in patients undergoing hip arthroplasty surgeries. To compare total post operative analgesic consumption between the two groups and to evaluate patient satisfaction using Likert Scale and Compare adverse effects and complications if any. In this study, two groups of fifty-six hip arthroplasty patients, each with 28 patients, were created. Subarachnoid Block (SAB) was administered to each group using 3 milliliters of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine. PENG block was administered to Group A patients following SAB. Group B did not receive any blocks. Tramadol was given to both groups in the PACU (Postanesthesia Care Unit) as part of a PCA (Patient Controlled Analgesia). The Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) was used to measure pain. Postoperative data also included the total amount of tramadol taken within the first 24hrs, as well as the timing of the first need for an analgesic. There was no appreciable difference observed between the two groups concerning demographic information, surgical type, or length of surgery. In the first 24 hours, the PENG Block group had significantly low NRS pain scores (P &#60; 0.001). The control group consumed significantly more tramadol (348.93 ± 39.00) than the PENG group (237.14 ± 39.89) mg. Similarly, the control group's first analgesic requirement in the PACU occurred significantly earlier (56.79 ± 31.038 min) than the block group's (87.62 ± 42.08 min). The combination of PENG block + PCA Pump with Tramadol demonstrated advantage over PCA Pump with Tramadol alone regarding the management of pain, reduced analgesic consumption, & higher patient satisfaction suggesting its potential utility in improved postoperative pain management.
Comparison of ultrasound guided long axis and short axis approach for radial artery cannulation in adult patients undergoing elective surgery under general anaesthesia
Authors: Kumari Meena , Tomar Kshitij , Kakkar Aanchal , Banerjee Neerja 
Published: November 2024

There can be two techniques for radial artery cannulation under ultrasound guidance, one being the short axis out-of-plane (SA-OOP) approach and the other being long axis in-plane (LA-IP) approach. We are conducting this study because there are incongruous opinions regarding the recommended approach for ultrasound guided radial artery cannulation. To compare ultrasound guided long axis and short axis approach for radial artery cannulation in adult patients undergoing elective surgery under general anaesthesia. Primary objective of our study was to compare the first attempt success rate. Secondary objective was to compare successful cannulation time, number of attempts and complications. 110 patients of ASA1 and ASA2 class of age 18-70 years, scheduled for elective surgery under general anaesthesia requiring radial artery cannulation were randomized into group I (long axis view) and group II (short axis view) using sealed envelope method. Statistical package for social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0 was used for statistical analysis after entering data into Microsoft excel spreadsheet. The first attempt success rate was comparable between long axis and short axis, 81.82% vs 78.18% with a p value=0.634. Mean ± SD of time taken in seconds for successful cannulation in short axis group was 35.11 ± 19.79 which was significantly higher as compared to long axis group 25.51 ± 21.89 with p value=0.018. Ultrasound guided long axis technique was analogous to ultrasound guided short axis technique with regard to overall and first attempt success rate, number of attempts and complications. However time taken for cannulation of the radial artery in long axis approach is lesser.
A prospective comparitive study of transdermal patches for post operative pain management in laprotomy surgeries: efficacy and rescue analgesic requirements
Authors: Gollamudi Uday 
Published: November 2024

The word laparotomy is derived from the Greek words lapara, meaning flank, and tomy, meaning cut. In surgical practice, this translates to a big cut in the abdomen to gain access to the peritoneal cavity. Pain continues to be a significant problem following laparotomy. Transdermal drug delivery has several advantages over oral and parenteral administration. A randomized comparative study to evaluate and compare the efficacy of various transdermal patches (Fentanyl, Buprenorphine, Diclofenac and Ketoprofen) for post operative pain relief in laparotomy surgeries. A total 80 patients of ASA grade I & II with age between 20-60 of either sex who were undergoing laparotomy surgery were randomly divided into 4 groups Group F (Fentanyl), Group B (Buprenorphine), Group D (Diclofenac) & Group K (Ketoprofen) using a computer-generated randomization list. Anesthetic procedure was standardized in all groups. group F received 25µg/hr Fentanyl patch, group B received 20µg/hr Buprenorphine patch, group D received 200mg Diclofenac patch and group K received 20mg Ketoprofen patch, applied postoperatively. Patients were followed for 72 hours postoperatively and pain was assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS) and Sedation was assessed using Ramseys sedation scoring system.Group D (Diclofenac) and Group K (Ketoprofen) required more frequent rescue analgesics and daily patch replacements. Group F (Fentanyl) had the least analgesic requirements, with a single patch lasting for 72 hours. Group B (Buprenorphine) had similar duration of action, but produced more sedation as compared to Group F (Fentanyl). VAS score and pain relief were highest in Group F (Fentanyl), with minimal side effects when compared to other groups. The transdermal fentanyl patch provides effective post operative analgesia with minimal side effects and lower rescue analgesic requirements over 72 hours.
Rainbow Connection on Amal(Fn,xz,m) Graphs and Amal(On,xz,m) Graphs
Authors: Muhammad Usaid Hudloir  , Dafik  , Adawiyah Robiatul , Rafiantika Megahnia Prihandini  , Arika Indah Kristiana  
Published: November 2024

Coloring graph is giving a color to a set of vertices and a set of edges on a graph. The condition for coloring a graph is that each color is different for each neighboring member graph. Coloring graph can be done by mapping a different color to each vertex or edge. Rainbow coloring is a type of rainbow connected with coloring edge. It ensures that every graph G has a rainbow path. A rainbow path is a path in a graph where no two vertices have the same color. The minimum number of colors in a rainbow connected graph is called the rainbow connection number denoted by rc(G). The graphs used in this study are the Amal(Fn,xz,m) graph and the Amal(On,xz,m) graph.
CORRELATION BETWEEN MATERNAL EDUCATION AND EMPLOYMENT STATUS WITH EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING HISTORY
Authors: Setiyarini Anggraini Dyah , Andini Dwi Margareta 
Published: November 2024

Background: In 2022, the sole lactation coverage rate in Indonesia was recorded at 67.96%. According to the East Java Provincial Health Office, 67.54% of women in the province of East Java were exclusively nursing in 2022. This falls very short of the 80% goal set by the Republic of Indonesia's Ministry of Health in 2020. Infants require breast milk and adequate nutrition to increase their nutrient levels during growth. Exclusive breastfeeding cannot be optimally provided due to various factors such as maternal education history, which influences the mother's limited knowledge about the importance of exclusive breastfeeding maternal employment. These two factors affect the provision of exclusive breastfeeding to infants. Given the foregoing context, the study's goal was to discover how a mother's job description affected her history of exclusive breastfeeding. Method: The study employed a cross-sectional strategy and a quantitative, analytical observational design. Purposive sampling was used to choose 111 participants for the study, who were all mothers with infants between the ages of 6 and 12 months. The study will be carried out in Madiun City's Public health Service Tawangrejo East Java, Indonesia. operational region. This study was conducted from February to April 2024. Data collection utilizes questionnaires. The chi-square test was used to analyze the data. Result: The p-value is 0.03 or less than 0.05, showing that the history of exclusive breastfeeding was significantly correlated with the mother's employment position and educational attainment. Mothers with a history of exclusive breastfeeding have a poor association between their employment status and education, as indicated by their correlation coefficient (R) value of 0.362. Conclusion : there is a relationship between education, employment level, and history of exclusive breastfeeding at the Tawangrejo Community Health Center in Madiun, East Java, Indonesia.
Linear Regression with Fibonacci-Derived Polynomials for Temperature Prediction Model
Authors: Ameen Ahmed O. , Fashanu Johnson O. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This research work explores the integration of Fibonacci-derived polynomial and linear equations from Fibonacci numbers into a machine learning framework for predictive modeling of environmental datasets, such as wind speed, temperature, and humidity. The research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of combining deterministic mathematical equations with traditional machine learning techniques to improve prediction accuracy and uncover hidden patterns in natural datasets. This novel approach was implemented on a number of models which showed a good result for further research. The linear and Fibonacci-derived polynomial equations showed features of machine learning and since the Fibonacci pattern have been adopted in natural science, this technique of using the deterministic mathematical equation for feature engineering became fitting for natural dataset, the option of working with time series and environmental dataset have shown encouraging result and an above average accuracy.
Socioeconomic Inequalities in Ideal Cardiovascular Health in Kenya: A Decomposition Analysis
Authors: Oguta James , Breeze Penny , Akoth Catherine , Wambiya Elvis , Mbuthia Grace , Otieno Peter , Gathecha Gladwell , Onyango Elizabeth , Kisaka Yvette , Dodd Pete 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Understanding the magnitude and determinants of socioeconomic inequalities in ideal cardiovascular health (iCVH) is critical for informing targeted cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention interventions in Kenya. This study assessed the socioeconomic inequality in iCVH, as defined by the American Heart Association 2010 guideline, in Kenya using data from the 2015 World Health Organization (WHO) STEPwise survey on non-communicable disease (NCD) risk factors. The concentration index (C) and curves were used to assess the magnitude of the inequalities and Wagstaff-type decomposition analysis performed to examine the drivers. Pro-rich inequalities were observed in iCVH (C = 0.08; p = 0.006) and were more pronounced in females than males. Wealth (30.7%), urban residence (31.4%), region (16.5%), and education (8.5%) were the highest contributors to the observed pro-rich inequality in iCVH. This study highlights the need for the design and scale up of equity and gender-focused interventions targeting the poorer and less-educated individuals especially in urban areas.
Regional differences are at the heart of a global protein transition
Authors: Simon Wolfram , Gerwien Laura , Hijbeek Renske , Zanten Hannah Van 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Redesigning a food system based on the protein transition is seen as a key strategy to enhance sustainability. Our results showed that the protein transition indeed largely reduces land use by up to 91% or greenhouse gas emissions by up to 92% while producing healthy diets around the world. This environmental improvement was achieved by reallocating resources within the food system and dietary changes. On a global average, the consumption of protein, especially proteins from animals, was reduced. However, certain regions like Sub-Saharan Africa showed an increase in proteins from animals. Overall, not only protein but also energy, total fat, vitamin B12, and calcium are the limiting nutrients in diets. Our findings highlight that average protein metrics on a global scale will not give direction to the regional production and consumption changes needed. A region- and context-specific approach is required to account for the complexity of the protein transition.
Amplified Fluorescence detection of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein based on Enzyme-Powered Gold Nanoparticle Sensor
Authors: Ma Lisa , Hu Min , Lin Yingzi , Nie Zhun , Li Yanna , Dong Lijian , Chen Shouang , Wang Yongxia , Xia Qianfeng 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The spread of COVID-19 has affected countless numbers of people across the globe since the outbreak of the pandemic in 2019. Rapid and accurate diagnosis plays a crucial role in the epidemic disease prevention and control. Nucleocapsid protein (N protein) is the most abundant and high conserved protein in SARS-CoV-2, making it an ideal marker for the early diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, detection of clinical specimens for N protein remains a challenge due to false-positive results because of antibody cross-reaction with antigen in host antibody-based testing. In this work, we fabricated an enzyme-powered gold nanoparticle based fluorescent signal amplification platform for sensitive detection of N protein with the help of DNA aptamer. Briefly, three DNA strands, designated as S1, S2, and S3, were pre-hybridized to create a DNA triplex and the report probe F/S4 strand was preassembled onto AuNPs. In this platform, aptamer was left to keep their original structure until meet target, thus making them easier to recognize the protein. According to our design, in absence of target, aptamer could bind to S2 strand, resulting in the release of the S2 from the S1/S2/S3 triplex. The remaining partial S1/S3 DNA duplex resisted the lysis of Exo III to S1 strand, due to the absence of a blunt or concave end at 3′ terminus in S1, and the S3 based fluorescent signal amplification process could not trigger. No fluorescence signal was observed due to the quenching effect between AuNP and FAM. However, in the presence of target, the enzymatic cycling signal amplification process could be triggered by the S1/S2/S3 triplex to pursue highly sensitive detection for N protein. A linear range of 0.1 ng/mL -1µg/mL is achieved with a detection limit of 0.08ng/mL for N protein.
Amorphous-like TiN films as barrier layers for copper
Authors: Han Shicheng , Yang Shicheng , Zeng Xiaohong , Liu Tong , Wang Hu , Wu Ying , Ding Sunan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The titanium nitride (TiN) columnar structure results in a rapid diffusion of copper atoms into the substrate along a vertical path. In this paper the TiN columnar growth process was modified, which resulted in the deposition of amorphous-like films. The amorphous-like TiN layer demonstrated a low resistivity of 75.3 \(\:\mu\:\varOmega\:\cdot\:cm\). For the test structure of Cu/TiN/SiO2, the Cu diffusion depth in the 3nm TiN middle layer was only approximately 1 nm after annealing at 750°C for 30 min. Excellent copper diffusion barrier due to high density and complex diffusion pathways. The results of this study suggest that conventional barrier materials can still be used in ultra-narrow copper interconnects.
Hybrid model development emulating linear polarization resistance method towards optimizing dosages of corrosion inhibitors
Authors: Jayaweera Chamanthi Denisha , Hitsov Ivaylo , Pozo David Fernandes , Ketelaere Elias , Depover Tom , Müller Sarah Isabell , Diekow Thomas , Verliefde Arne , Nopens Ingmar 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Models that have been developed for optimizing dosages of a corrosion inhibitor are based on corrosion inhibition efficiencies quantified using costly and time-consuming measurements. The current study proposes a methodology for using corrosion data regularly generated from cooling water circuits of large-scale chemical plants to analyse corrosion mechanisms, predict the corrosion rate, and to potentially optimise dosages of multiple corrosion inhibitors. The hybrid model was developed based on an adaptation of the Butler-Volmer equation. Butler-Volmer parameters such as the anodic charge transfer coefficient were modeled as nonlinear functions of a single component of partial least squares (PLS), containing inhibitor concentrations. A suitable indicator of corrosion inhibition efficiency was identified from the model. Adequately capturing the relationship between inhibitors and the corrosion rate facilitates optimizing dosages of corrosion inhibitors using daily recorded data, without heavily relying on case-specific models and experiments.
Long enough but not too long: a posteriori determination of the dwell time margins from high-resolution passenger flow data.
Authors: Baali Mehdi , Kuipers Ruben , Coulaud Rémi , Buisson Christine , Palmqvist Carl-William 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Dwell time is crucial for railway operations corresponding to 20 % of the total travel time in a mass transit context. With this, it is also a source of delays due to its stochastic nature. One way to ensure the robustness of a timetable is to add margins and much work has been done on run time margins. On the other hand, dwell time margins received little attention, except for a few heuristics. This paper aims to provide a novel method to define dwell time margins. To do so, we introduce the notion of tight dwell time (dwell without margins) in this work and compute it from high-resolution passenger flow data. Then, we propose two novel methods (the cluster method and the quantile method) to estimate it. Given the access to this data, the method enables the estimation of the tight dwell time for all the stops while existing heuristics are limited to late trains and/or few passengers. Our developed method highlights the propensity of existing heuristics to overestimate what they measure. The estimation, a posteriori, of dwell time margins thanks to the computed tight dwell time would help design future timetables.
PVT1 acts as a molecular scaffold to mediate PPARγ transcription and promote macrophage reprogramming in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Zhang Xioabin , Yang Jingru , Niu Junqiang , Hui Xu , Kong Weize , Ling Xioaling , Su Fei , Lu Yongbin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective
The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) PVT1 plays a significant role in regulating the development and progression of various cancers. However, its clinical relevance in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and its immunoregulatory mechanisms in TNBC remain largely unexplored.
Methods
An orthotopic TNBC mouse model was established, and single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on tumor tissues to examine macrophage populations. Bulk RNA sequencing, differential expression analysis, and Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis were integrated to identify key factors of interest. Experiments using the co-culture si-PVT1-transduced oe-PPARγ TNBC cells with macrophages were conducted to observe their effects on TNBC cell growth and on M1/M2 marker expression both in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, the interactions of PVT1, NOP56, and E2F1 and their influence on PPARγ transcription were analyzed using RNA/DNA immunoprecipitation, ChIP-qPCR, and luciferase reporter assays.
Results
Macrophage reprogramming occurred in the TNBC tissues of mice, characterized by a significant accumulation of M2-type macrophages in tumor tissues. Both PVT1 and PPARγ play pivotal roles in this reprogramming. PVT1 knockdown (KD) suppressed the expression of PPARγ and M2 macrophage markers, while oe-PPARγ partially restored M2 marker expression. In vitro, PVT1 enhances TNBC cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis through PPARγ. Similarly, in vivo, PVT1 promotes TNBC tumor growth and M2 marker expression via PPARγ. Mechanistically, PVT1 functions as a scaffold to recruit NOP56 and E2F1, forming a PVT1–NOP56–E2F1 complex that facilitates the transcriptional upregulation of PPARγ.
Conclusion
LncRNA PVT1 significantly affects macrophage polarization and TNBC progression by regulating PPARγ transcription. These findings suggest novel molecular targets for TNBC therapy development.