БИБЛИОТЕКА СТАРООБРЯДЦЕВ ИЗ БЕЛОБОРОДОВСКОЙ ПУСТЫНИ: ПРОБЛЕМА РЕКОНСТРУКЦИИ
Authors: В.А. ЕСИПОВА 
Published: November 2024

В статье рассмотрена одна из старообрядческих библиотек, бытовавших во второй половине XIXв. на территории Томской губернии, а именно в Белобородовской пустыни - одном из мест компактного проживания старообрядцев-странников. Было обнаружено архивное дело, содержащее списки книг, конфискованных при аресте большой группы старообрядцев в 1874 г. В деле имелись списки книг, разрешенных и запрещенных к обращению, а также заключения по наиболее важным случаям от Томского цензурного комитета. Списки были сопоставлены с книгами, хранящимися в настоящее время в отделе рукописей и книжных памятников Научной библиотеки ТГУ. В результате выявлен ряд рукописей и кириллических изданий, которые находились в составе изъятого собрания. Основанием для идентификации послужили имена владельцев и характерные номера на книгах, совпадающие с номерами по указанным спискам.
Purpose of the work. The purpose of the work was to identify the books from one of the confiscated Old Believer libraries, now stored in the Department of Manuscripts and Rare Books of the Research Library of Tomsk State University (TSU). Methods. Traditional methods of paleography and codicology were used to research the manuscripts. To study the lists of “permitted” and “prohibited” books, the method of reconciliation was also applied, after which the identified numbers on the lists and the names of the owners (if any) were compared with the descriptions of the manuscripts in the catalogue. Results. In total, during the arrest of a group of Old Believers in the Beloborodovsky Hermitage in 1874, 79 books were confiscated. The list of “permitted” books included 66 titles, “prohibited” - 24 items. Among the “permitted” books there were pre-Nikonian editions (21 items), synodal editions (6 items), publications of Old Believer printing houses (7 items), coreligionist publications (6 items), books of civil print (9 items). This list also contained manuscripts (4 items). The list of “prohibited” books covered 24 titles, including 20 manuscripts and 4 printed books. Some of the books originally placed in “permitted” list were later classified as “prohibited” by the results of the examination. Finally, most of the books banned for use were to be sent to the Tomsk Theological Seminary, and musical manuscripts from the “permitted” list were to be sent to the Baturovo Co-Religiontst Church. At present, 16 manuscripts and 1 Cyrillic book have been identified in the collections of the Research Library of TSU, which have been correlated with the lists. Conclusion. Judging by the lists and already identified copies in the collections of the Research Library of TSU, most of the seized books belonged to the standard circle of home worship; among them, there are a lot of musical manuscripts and singing manuscripts without notation. In general, it was possible to identify fragments of a large book collection that existed among the Old Believers-wanderers of the Tomsk province in the second half of the 19th century. Besides, the work done provides an opportunity to reconstruct some practices of the consistory and spiritual censorship in Tomsk during the period under review; in particular, records with the names of the owners, affixed during the seizure of books and later, in the consistory, allow to draw conclusions about the ways in which the confiscated book collections moved in the spiritual department.