bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pediatric Breast Fibroadenomas
Authors: Brownstone Nicholas D. , Celie Karel-Bart , Spigland Nitsana A. , Otterburn David M. 
Published: January 2019

Background
Pediatric breast masses cause concern for both the patient and their family, although malignancy represents less than 1% of lesions in this population. No studies have systematically described resection and reconstructive methods for different sizes and locations of pediatric breast fibroadenomas. The aim of this study was to perform a recent systematic review of the literature regarding the surgical resection of pediatric breast fibroadenomas and to propose an algorithm for safe and effective treatment that maximizes both therapeutic and aesthetic goals while acknowledging possible future need for nipple-sparing mastectomy.

Methods
A search for the phrase “pediatric breast fibroadenoma” yielded 44 results through the PubMed database. Results were reviewed and filtered to only include pertinent articles published within the last 10 years, yielding 27 results. Application of exclusion criteria resulted in 5 applicable articles. A second search was conducted using the phrase “breast fibroadenoma AND resection,” which resulted in 37 studies. Fourteen articles met the inclusion and exclusion criteria from this expanded search. All 19 articles were reviewed for techniques based on the characteristics of the masses in terms of their resection patterns, and a treatment algorithm was designed.

Results
Thirty-three female subjects with an average age of 14 years were included in analysis. The average number of fibroadenomas was 1.2. The average diameter of a breast fibroadenoma was 9.1 cm, with a range from 2 to 20 cm. Resection techniques were as follows: 31% (n = 6) periareolar incision, 31% (n = 6) inframammary fold incision, 21% (n = 4) reduction mammoplasty, 10% (n = 2) mastectomy, and 5% (n = 1) mastopexy. Sixteen percent (n = 3) of studies reported the use of implants or myocutaneous flaps when breast reconstruction was warranted. No articles described long-term follow-up with regard to need for eventual mastectomy or skin complications based on prior biopsy. Based on the results of this review, an algorithm was developed to guide treatment of pediatric breast fibroadenomas.

Conclusion
This is the first time a treatment algorithm for surgical resection has been proposed in the literature. It is our hope that this systematic review will provide guidance to surgeons in the operative management of pediatric breast fibroadenomas.
Acute Breast Implant Periprosthetic Cerebrospinal Fluid Collection After Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Migration
Authors: Zaluzec Rebekah M. , Patel Ronak Ajay , Cohen Mimis 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) placement is a common neurosurgical procedure with a high rate of distal catheter malfunction. Rarely, the catheter may migrate to other tissues in the body including the breast pockets. There are increasing odds that a patient may undergo both breast augmentation and VPS placement, because breast augmentation is the most common aesthetic surgical procedure. Complications are possible with both surgical procedures. Proximal migration of the distal aspect of a VPS into the breast pocket containing an implant is a rare complication. We hereby present a successful management of VPS migration with implant salvage and culture-directed antibiotics using a careful no touch technique by avoiding breast incision and washout, or percutaneous drainage, and using the existing VPS as an in situ drainage access point for CSF fluid aspiration and culture.
Mitochondrial Function in the Kidney and Heart, but Not the Brain, is Mainly Altered in an Experimental Model of Endotoxaemia
Authors: Makrecka-Kuka Marina , Korzh Stanislava , Vilks Karlis , Vilskersts Reinis , Cirule Helena , Dambrova Maija , Liepinsh Edgars 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
Significant impairments in mitochondrial function are associated with the development of multi-organ failure in sepsis/endotoxaemia, but the data on the dynamics of simultaneous mitochondrial impairment in multiple organs are limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in heart, brain and kidney mitochondrial function in an experimental model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxaemia.
Samples were collected 4 and 24 h after single injection of LPS (10 mg/kg) in mice. Marked increases in inflammation-related gene expression were observed in all studied tissues 4 h after LPS administration. At 24 h post LPS administration, this expression of inflammation-related genes remained upregulated only in kidneys. Significantly increased concentrations of kidney function markers confirmed that kidneys were severely damaged. Echocardiographic measurements showed that the ejection fraction and fractional shortening were significantly reduced 4 h after LPS administration, whereas 24 h after LPS administration, the cardiac function was restored to baseline. A two-fold decrease in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) capacity in the kidney was observed 4 and 24 h after LPS administration. Significant decrease in mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation was observed in heart 4 h after LPS administration. Furthermore, 24 h after LPS administration, the respiration rates in cardiac fibers at OXPHOS and electron transport (ET) states were significantly increased, which resulted in increased ET coupling efficiency in the LPS-treated group, whereas four-fold increases in the H2O2 production rate and H2O2/O ratio were observed. The brain mitochondria demonstrated a slightly impaired mitochondrial functionality just 24 h after the induction of endotoxaemia.
In conclusion, among studied tissues kidney mitochondria are the most sensitive to endotoxaemia and do not recover from LPS-induced damage, whereas in brain, mitochondrial function was not significantly altered. In heart, endotoxaemia induces a decrease in the mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation capacity, but during the phase of suppressed inflammatory response, the ET efficiency is improved despite the marked increase in reactive oxygen species production.
Stridulations of Melolontha spp. larvae open up new possibilities for species-specific pest monitoring in soils
Authors: Görres Carolyn-Monika , Chesmore David 
Published: January 2019

AbstractRoot-feeding Scarabaeidae larvae can pose a serious threat to agricultural and forest ecosystems, but many details of larval ecology are still unknown. We developed an acoustic data analysis method for gaining new insights into larval ecology. In a laboratory study, third instar larvae of Melolontha melolontha (n=38) and M. hippocastani (n=15) kept in soil-filled containers were acoustically monitored for 5 min each, resulting in the first known stridulation recordings for each species. Subsequent continuous monitoring of three M. hippocastani larvae over several hours showed that a single larva could stridulate more than 70 times per hour, and stridulation rates increased drastically with increasing larval abundance. The new fractal dimension-based data analysis method automatically detected audio sections with stridulations and provided a semi-quantitative estimate of stridulation activity. It is the first data analysis method specifically targeting Scarabaeidae larvae stridulations in soils, enabling for the first time non-invasive species-specific pest monitoring.Key messageRoot-feeding scarab beetle larvae, known as white grubs, can be serious agricultural and forest pests.White grub infestation monitoring is difficult due to their cryptic lifestyle, but detailed monitoring data is essential for effective pest control.We present the first acoustic data analysis routine targeting stridulations, using Melolontha melolontha and M. hippocastani as model organisms.This new method provides for the first time the basis for the development of tools for non-invasive, species-specific, and rapid white grub monitoring in soils.
Multiple phase-variable mechanisms, including capsular polysaccharides, modify bacteriophage susceptibility in Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron
Authors: Porter Nathan T. , Hryckowian Andrew J. , Merrill Bryan D. , Fuentes Jaime J. , Gardner Jackson O. , Glowacki Robert W. P. , Singh Shaleni , Crawford Ryan D. , Snitkin Evan S. , Sonnenburg Justin L. , Martens Eric C. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA variety of cell surface structures, including capsular polysaccharides (CPS), dictate interactions between bacteria and their environment including their viruses (bacteriophages). Members of the prominent human gut Bacteroidetes characteristically produce several phase-variable CPS, but their contributions to bacteriophage interactions are unknown. We used engineered strains of the human symbiont Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, which differ only in the CPS they express, to isolate bacteriophages from two locations in the United States. Testing each of 71 bacteriophages against a panel of strains that express wild-type phase-variable CPS, one of eight different single CPS, or no CPS at all, revealed that each phage infects only a subset of otherwise isogenic strains. Deletion of infection-permissive CPS from B. thetaiotaomicron was sufficient to abolish infection for several individual bacteriophages, while infection of wild-type B. thetaiotaomicron with either of two different bacteriophages rapidly selected for expression of non-permissive CPS. Surprisingly, acapsular B. thetaiotaomicron also escapes complete killing by these bacteriophages, but surviving bacteria exhibit increased expression of 8 distinct phase-variable lipoproteins. When constitutively expressed, one of these lipoproteins promotes resistance to multiple bacteriophages. Finally, both wild-type and acapsular B. thetaiotaomicron were able to separately co-exist with one bacteriophage for over two months in the mouse gut, suggesting that phase-variation promotes resistance but also generates sufficient numbers of susceptible revertants to allow bacteriophage persistence. Our results reveal important roles for Bacteroides CPS and other cell surface structures that allow these bacteria to persist despite bacteriophage predation and hold important implications for using bacteriophages therapeutically to target gut symbionts.
A high throughput deep amplicon sequencing method to show the emergence and spread ofCalicophoron daubneyiin United Kingdom cattle herds
Authors: Sargison Neil D. , Shahzad Kashif , Mazeri Stella , Chaudhry Umer 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe prevalence ofC. daubneyiinfection in the United Kingdom has increased, but despite the potential for rumen flukes to cause production loss in ruminant livestock, understanding of their emergence and spread is poor. Here we describe the development of a method to explore the multiplicity ofC. daubneyiinfection and patterns of the parasite’s emergence and spread, based on Illumina MiSeq deep sequencing of meta barcoded amplicons of a fragment of the mt-COX-1 locus. Our results show high levels of genetic diversity per infection and between populations of 10 to 47 of adultC. daubneyi, each from a total of 32 finished prime cattle consigned to slaughter from northern United Kingdom; with 18 unique mt-COX-1 haplotypes. This has implications for the adaptability of environmental and intermediate host stages of the parasite to changing climatic and animal management conditions, or of parasitic stages to exposure to anthelmintic drugs; potentially allowing for greater pathogenicity, or the development of anthelmintic resistance, respectively. Our results illustrate the impact of high levels of animal movements in the United Kingdom, whereby multiple common mt-COX-1 haplotypes were identified in 26 populations in the absence of geographical clustering of clades.
Safety profiling of genetically engineered Pim-1 kinase overexpression for oncogenicity risk in human c-kit+ cardiac interstitial cells
Authors: Broughton Kathleen , Korski Kelli , Echeagaray Oscar , Adamson Robert , Dembitsky Walter , Lu Zhibing , Schaefer Erik , Sussman Mark A. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAdvanced approaches to stem cell-based therapies is necessary for myocardial regenerative therapy because treatments have yielded modest results in the clinic. Our group previously demonstrated genetic modification of cardiac stem cells with Pim-1 kinase overexpression rejuvenated aged cells and potentiated myocardial repair. Despite these encouraging findings, concerns were raised regarding oncogenic risk associated with Pim-1 kinase overexpression. Testing of these c-kit+ cardiac interstitial cells (cCICs), derived from heart failure patient samples, overexpressing Pim-1 (cCICs-Pim-1) for indices of oncogenic risk was assessed by soft agar colony formation, micronucleation, gamma-Histone 2AX foci, and transcriptome profiling. Collectively, findings demonstrate comparable phenotypic and biological properties of cCICsPim-1 compared to baseline control cCICs with no evidence for oncogenic phenotype. Using a highly-selective and continuous sensor for quantitative assessment of PIM1 kinase activity, a 7-fold increase in cCICs-Pim-1 versus cCICs resulted. Kinase activity was elevated in IKKs, AKT/SGK, CDK1-3, p38, and ERK1/2 in addition to Pim-1, correlating Pim-1 overexpression to contribute to Pim-1-mediated effects. Enhancement of cellular survival, proliferation, and other beneficial properties to augment stem cell-mediated repair without oncogenic risk is a feasible, logical, and safe approach to improve efficacy and overcome current limitations inherent to cellular adoptive transfer therapeutic interventions.
IAS-38 disclosure compliance and corporate governance: evidence from an emerging market
Authors: Agyei-Mensah Ben Kwame 
Published: January 2019

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the possible corporate governance attributes that can influence companies in Ghana to disclose intangible assets in their annual reports to stakeholders.Design/methodology/approachA data set from 110 firms in Ghana for the year ending of 2016 was used. Each annual report was individually examined and coded to obtain the disclosure of intangible asset information index. Descriptive analysis was performed to provide the background statistics of the variables examined. This was followed by regression analysis, which forms the main data analysis method.FindingsA large proportion of companies disclosed that the useful lives of intangible assets (either acquired or internally generated) are finite and also disclosed their useful lives or the amortisation rates used. Auditor type, industry type and leverage were the factors influencing the compliance with IAS 38 disclosure requirements.Originality/valueThis is the first study in Ghana that considered the impact of corporate governance factors on IAS 38 information disclosures. This study contributes to the literature on the relationship between corporate governance and disclosure by showing that the disclosure of intangible asset information in Ghana is associated with Auditor type, industry type and leverage.
Brand avoidance – a services perspective
Authors: Berndt Adele , Petzer Daniel J. , Mostert Pierre 
Published: January 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to gain insight into brand avoidance of service brands and explore whether the different types of brand avoidance identified in a product context apply to service providers.Design/methodology/approachBecause of the exploratory nature of the study, the critical incident method and semi-structured interviews were used to achieve the purpose of the study.FindingsThe findings suggest that five types of brand avoidance, as identified in studies involving product brands, can be identified as impacting service brands. In addition, the findings show that advertising avoidance should be expanded to communication avoidance because of the multifarious communication influences that were identified. The study proposes a framework to deepen the understanding of the types of brand avoidance affecting service brands.Research limitations/implicationsSince the different types of brand avoidance previously identified are also evident in a services environment, service providers should develop strategies to deal with the different types of service brand avoidance. The findings are broad in scope because of the exploratory nature of the study, and a detailed analysis of each type of service brand avoidance is still required.Originality/valueThis paper focuses on the various types of brand avoidance and their manifestation in the services context. The study contributes by showing that the broader concept of communication, not only advertising, should be considered when studying brand avoidance in a service context.
Ambidextrous leadership, entrepreneurial orientation and job crafting
Authors: Luu Tuan Trong , Dinh Khai , Qian David 
Published: January 2019

PurposeThe interaction between opening and closing behaviors of ambidextrous leadership produces “change” energy among employees. The purpose of this paper is to assess the role of ambidextrous leadership in fostering job crafting via entrepreneurial orientation. The paper also seeks an insight into how organizational social exchange moderates the effect of ambidextrous leadership on entrepreneurial orientation.Design/methodology/approachResearch data were garnered from 427 supervisor–subordinate dyads from software companies in the Vietnamese business context.FindingsResearch findings corroborated the positive relationship between ambidextrous leadership and entrepreneurial orientation, which is positively associated with job crafting. Research results also provided evidence for the mediation role of entrepreneurial orientation for the positive link between ambidextrous leadership and job crafting, as well as for the moderation role of organizational social exchange for the effect of ambidextrous leadership on entrepreneurial orientation.Originality/valueResearch findings have extended ambidexterity theory of leadership by identifying job crafting as an outcome of ambidextrous leadership and entrepreneurial orientation as a mediator for this relationship.
Reshaping traditional marketing mix to include social media participation
Authors: Pantano Eleonora , Priporas Constantinos-Vasilios , Migliano Giuseppe 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
Due to the emergent use of social media for marketing purposes, and the limited number of studies focusing on the use of social media by firms, the purpose of this paper is to explore the inclusion of social networks in the traditional marketing mix models.

Design/methodology/approach
A sample of 20 small and large Italian liquor producers was used, and their Facebook profiles were content analyzed.

Findings
The results provide evidence about the emerging shift from the use of social media for communication purposes through static advertising (characterized by pictures and slogans), to its use as an interactive channel that can influence consumers’ purchasing behaviour through multimedia tools (i.e. games and interactive applications able to solicit users’ interest), by emphasizing the extent to which a higher level of participation by a firm involves a higher level of consumer interaction. The findings also suggest that the firm’s participation should be considered as a new element of the traditional marketing mix model and as an additional tool for efficient market sizing and sensing.

Originality/value
The study offers findings on actual usage of Facebook as part of marketing mix strategies based on large and small enterprises operating in the food and beverage sector, where a dearth of studies is observed. The study enhances and advances the social media and marketing literatures.
Expanding language choices to reduce stigma
Authors: Ashford Robert David , Brown Austin , Curtis Brenda 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
Public perception has been found to be influenced by the words used to describe those with behavioral health disorders, such that using terms like “substance abuser” can lead to higher levels of stigma. The purpose of this paper is to identify additional stigmatizing and empowering terms that are commonly used by different stakeholders.

Design/methodology/approach
Using digital Delphi groups, the paper identifies positive and negative terms related to substance use disorder (SUD) from three distinct stakeholder groups: individuals in recovery, impacted family members and loved ones, and professionals in the treatment field.

Findings
Participants identified 60 different terms that are considered stigmatizing or positive. Previously identified stigmatizing terms (abuser, addict) were present for all stakeholder groups, as was the positive term person with a SUD. Additional stigmatizing terms for all groups included junkie and alcoholic. Additional positive terms for all groups included long-term recovery.

Social implications
The results suggest that the continued use of terms like addict, alcoholic, abuser and junkie can induce stigma in multiple stakeholders. The use of more positive terms such as person with a SUD or person in recovery is suggested to reduce stigma.

Originality/value
The use of digital Delphi groups to solicit feedback from multiple stakeholder groups from the substance use community is innovative and allows for the comparison of linguistics among and between the groups.
Mindfulness in organizations (part 1): a critical literature review
Authors: Passmore Jonathan 
Published: January 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the growing science and application of mindfulness as an intervention within organizations.Design/methodology/approachThis is the first in a pair of papers exploring the science and application of mindfulness in organizations. The first section of the paper provides a brief review of the research into mindfulness and its perceived benefits from a health perspective. In the second section, the author considers the neurobiological mechanisms behind mindfulness meditation, before finally considering the organizational research and the limitations of mindfulness at work research.FindingsThe paper notes that while there has been considerable research into health outcomes, organizational mindfulness research is still developing a comprehensive case for the wide-scale application of mindfulness.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper calls for greater research into organizational mindfulness interventions through collaborations between organizations and consultants.Practical implicationsThe paper calls for organizations to adopt an evidence-led approach to using mindfulness and evaluate its impact on employees and organizational performance.Originality/valueThe paper provides a starting point for trainers and organizational development professionals to take stock and consider how mindfulness can be employed as a tool for the benefit of organizations.