bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tumor-Derived EBV-miR-BART2-5p Promotes Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Metastasis by Inducing Premetastatic Endothelial Cell Pyroptosis
Authors: Chen Xingrui , Li Qiqi , Fu Xiaoyan , Li Jike , Deng Jun , Zhang Qianbing , Qiu Mengying , Lyu Xiaoming , Cai Linbo , Li Hainan , Li Xin , Yao Kaitai , Wang Jiahong , Huang Zhongxi , Chen Liang , Zhang Jiangyu , Li Dengke 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Extravasation is a key step in tumor metastasis. Epstein‒Barr virus plays a crucial role in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) metastasis. However, the functions and molecular mechanisms of Epstein‒Barr virus during tumor cell extravasation remain unclear. Here, we showed that the expression of pyroptosis-associated proteins is greater in the endothelial cells of metastatic NPC tissues than in those of nontumor tissues exosomes derived from NPC cells promoted endothelial cell pyroptosis, vascular permeability, and tumor cell extravasation. Moreover, we found that BART2-5p is abundant in serum exosomes from patients with NPC metastasis and in NPC cells and that it regulates endothelial cell pyroptosis in premetastatic organs via MRE11A. Exosomes containing a BART2-5p inhibitor and AAV-MRE11A attenuated endothelial cell pyroptosis and tumor metastasis. Moreover, in the endothelial cells of metastatic tissues from patients with NPC, the BART2-5p level was positively associated with pyroptosis-related protein expression. Collectively, our findings suggest that exosomal BART2-5p is involved in premetastatic niche formation, identifying secreted BART2-5p as a potential therapeutic target for NPC metastasis.
Implications: The finding that secreted BART2-5p is involved in premetastatic niche formation may aid the development of a potential therapeutic target for NPC metastasis.
A taxon under siege from multiple threats: results of analysis of chytrid fungi on the Calabrian Alpine newt
Authors: Bernabò Ilaria , Cittadino Viviana , Iannella Mattia , Corapi Anna , Tiberti Rocco , Dondero Lorenzo , Grasselli Elena , Romano Antonio 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The fungi Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) and B. salamandrivorans (Bsal) and their associated disease, i.e., chytridiomycosis, pose significant threats to amphibians occurring in the Western Palearctic. This study aims to assess the prevalence and infection load of Bd and Bsal in the Calabrian Alpine newt, Ichthyosaura alpestris inexpectata, a micro-endemic and endangered subspecies from the Catena Costiera, Calabria, Southern Italy. Ninety newts were sampled from May to October 2023 from five breeding sites, representing the core distribution area of the Calabrian Alpine newt. Molecular analyses revealed that over 50% of the samples tested positive for Bd, while none tested positive for Bsal. No gross external signs of disease were detected in tested individuals. Bd prevalence and load were balanced between sexes but varied significantly among sites and were negatively associated with newt size, likely indicating site-specific and age variations in infection. Although Bsal was not detected, the high prevalence of Bd presents a new conservation challenge for the cold-loving Calabrian Alpine newt, which is already threatened by climate change and the introduction of alien fish in its main breeding sites. Therefore, it is crucial that future conservation actions, including monitoring for potential outbreaks of chytridiomycosis, are implemented adopting rigorous biosecurity measures to prevent further spread of the pathogen and safeguard the entire amphibian community.
The Relationship Between Work Engagement, Depression, Anxiety, and COVID-19 Anxiety in Physician Assistant Students
Authors: Pepper Sydney N. , Farrell Emily T. , Dawson Robin M. , Wirth Michael D. 
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Physician assistants (PAs) are subject to high levels of burnout, depressive symptoms, and anxiety, which can negatively impact quality of care and patient outcomes. Learning how to handle stress in the classroom may increase success and engagement in PA programs. The goal of this study was to characterize burnout, depressive symptoms, and anxiety in current PA students and examine the relationship between these factors and work engagement. Methods: This cross-sectional study surveyed PA students ( n = 42) via convenience sampling from eighteen different PA programs across North and South Carolina in October, 2021. Questionnaires included the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-17), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2), the General Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7), and the COVID-19 Anxiety Scale (CIAS). Adjusted linear regression was used to assess associations between the GAD-7, PHQ-2, and CIAS and the three subscales of the UWES-17 (vigor, dedication, and absorption). Results: Students were primarily female (79%), white (79%), second-year students (62%), and had an average body mass index of 21.0 ± 3.9 kg/m2. A one-unit increase in the GAD-7 was associated with a decrease in the vigor (β = −0.94, SE = 0.19, p < .01) and dedication (β = −0.42, SE = 0.15, p = .01) subscales. A one-unit increase in the PHQ-2 was associated with a decrease in the vigor subscale (β = −2.94, SE = 0.60, p < .01). Conclusions: Recognizing warning signs of declining mental health early among PA school students may be key to increasing resilience, enthusiasm, and concentration, which may enhance school/work engagement. More work is needed to elucidate potential intervention targets to increase school/work engagement in PA students.
Development and validation of an LC-MS/MS method for the detection of sodium pentachlorophenolate residues on cutting boards
Authors: Liao Shicheng , Xu Wanna , Jiang Jie , Liu Honghe , Zeng Zhuoying 
Published: November 2024

Objectives The objective of this study was to develop and validate an automated solid-phase extraction (SPE) coupled with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for the detection of sodium pentachlorophenolate (PCP-Na) residues on cutting boards. Given the potential hazards and environmental persistence of PCP-Na, a sensitive and reliable method is crucial for monitoring its residues in food contact materials to ensure consumer safety. Methods Wood shavings from cutting boards were extracted using 10% methanol in water, followed by purification using an automated SPE system. The eluent was concentrated, reconstituted, and analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS. An isotope-labeled internal standard was used to mitigate matrix effects, enhancing detection sensitivity. The method was validated by assessing linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), recovery rates, and relative standard deviations (RSDs) across various concentration levels. Results The method demonstrated excellent linearity over a concentration range of 0 to 100 μg/L with a regression equation of Y = 1.035X−0.7771 and an R² of 0.9996. The LOD and LOQ were determined to be 0.4 and 1.0 μg/kg, respectively. Recovery rates ranged from 71.75% to 96.50% with RSDs between 5.19% and 16.66%. When applied to 30 market cutting board samples, PCP-Na residues were detected in 50% of the samples, with concentrations ranging from 0 to 83,990 µg/kg. Conclusion This study presents a robust UPLC-MS/MS method for the detection of PCP-Na on cutting boards, offering improved sensitivity and simplified sample preparation. The high detection rate in commercial samples underscores the need for stringent monitoring and regulatory measures to mitigate the exposure risk to consumers.
Heart Rate Variability for Supplementing Withdrawal Assessment in Patients with Opioid Dependence: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Sarkar Siddharth , Kochhar Kanwal Preet , Sood Esha , Chandran Dinu , Jangra Sunil , Verma Adit 
Published: November 2024

Background: Management of opioid dependence requires titrating medication doses based on withdrawal symptoms, but its clinical assessment presents challenges when it comes to subjective reporting. This study aimed to find out the relationship between heart rate variability (HRV) and opioid withdrawal in patients with opioid dependence. Methods: Three groups of adult males were recruited: (a) patients with opioid dependence undergoing inpatient detoxification, (b) patients with opioid dependence stabilized on buprenorphine-based opioid substitution treatment, and (c) healthy controls. Frequency and time-domain parameters of HRV were used in the analysis. The opioid withdrawal was assessed using the Subjective Opiate Withdrawal Scale (SOWS). Results: Resting heart rate was found to be significantly different across the three groups (higher in patients stabilized on buprenorphine than the other two groups). In time-domain parameters, the detoxification group had the highest beat-to-beat variability. In frequency-domain parameters, the total power was highest for the detoxification group and lowest for the opioid substitution treatment group. In contrast, the relative power of frequency bands (very low, low, and high) did not vary across the groups at baseline. The SOWS had a weak negative correlation with root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD) in the opioid substitution group and did not have any relationship with HRV parameters in the detoxification group. Conclusions: This exploratory study did not find HRV parameters to be robustly associated with subjective withdrawal, except for a negative association with the beat-to-beat variability among patients on opioid substitution treatment. This study adds to information on HRV in patients with opioid dependence.
Body adiposity index and other indexes of body composition in predicting cardiovascular disease in the Chinese population: A Cohort study
Authors: Luo Wen-Shu , Ding Yi , Guo Zhi- Rong 
Published: November 2024

Objective The purpose of this study was to compare the ability of four obesity indicators, including waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), body adiposity index (BAI), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) on prediction for incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Chinese Han population. Methods We analyzed data from a prospective population cohort of 3598 participants aged 35 to 74 years from Jiangsu China. The logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between four obesity indicators and CVD risk. The ROC curve was used to assess and compare the diagnostic performance of four obesity indicators. Results During 8 years (median 6.3 years) of follow-up time, 82 CVD endpoints were collected during follow up (36 men and 46 women). After adjustment for age, smoking status, alcohol consumption and family history of CVD, in men, WC, BMI, and BAI were associated with triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and hypertension. In women, WC, BMI and WHtR were associated with TG, HDL-C, hyperglycemia and hypertension, BAI was only associated with HDL-C, hyperglycemia, and hypertension. ROC curve analysis indicated that BAI have the highest area under the curve to identify CVD, and BMI has the lowest area under the curve to identify CVD in Chinese males. WHtR has the highest area under the curve to identify CVD, and BMI has the lowest area under the curve to identify CVD in Chinese females. Conclusions CVD risk was more consistently correlated with BAI in Chinese men and more consistently correlated with WHtR and WC in Chinese women.
A Sequential Calibration Approach to Address Challenges of Repeated Calibration of a COVID-19 Model
Authors: Enns Eva A. , Li Zongbo , McKearnan Shannon B. , Kao Szu-Yu Zoe , Sanstead Erinn C. , Simon Alisha Baines , Mink Pamela J. , Gildemeister Stefan , Kuntz Karen M. 
Published: November 2024

Background Mathematical models served a critical role in COVID-19 decision making throughout the pandemic. Model calibration is an essential, but often computationally burdensome, step in model development that provides estimates for difficult-to-measure parameters and establishes an up-to-date modeling platform for scenario analysis. In the evolving COVID-19 pandemic, frequent recalibration was necessary to provide ongoing support to decision makers. In this study, we address the computational challenges of frequent recalibration with a new calibration approach. Methods We calibrated and recalibrated an age-stratified dynamic compartmental model of COVID-19 in Minnesota to statewide COVID-19 cumulative mortality and prevalent age-specific hospitalizations from March 22, 2020 through August 20, 2021. This period was divided into 10 calibration periods, reflecting significant changes in policies, messaging, and/or epidemiological conditions in Minnesota. When recalibrating the model from one period to the next, we employed a sequential calibration approach that leveraged calibration results from previous periods and adjusted only parameters most relevant to the calibration target data of the new calibration period to improve computational efficiency. We compared computational burden and performance of the sequential calibration approach to a more traditional calibration method, in which all parameters were readjusted with each recalibration. Results Both calibration methods identified parameter sets closely reproducing prevalent hospitalizations and cumulative deaths over time. By the last calibration period, both approaches converged to similar parameter values. However, the sequential calibration approach identified parameter sets that more tightly fit calibration targets and required substantially less computation time than traditional calibration. Conclusions Sequential calibration is an efficient approach to maintaining up-to-date models with evolving, time-varying parameters and potentially identifies better-fitting parameter sets than traditional calibration. Highlights This study used a sequential calibration approach, which takes advantage of previous calibration results to reduce the number of parameters to be estimated in each round of calibration, improving computational efficiency and algorithm convergence to best-fitting parameter values. Both sequential and traditional calibration approaches were able to identify parameter sets that closely reproduced calibration targets. However, the sequential calibration approach generated parameter sets that yielded tighter fits and was less computationally burdensome. Sequential calibration is an efficient approach to maintaining up-to-date models with evolving, time-varying parameters.
Treatment and Early Outcomes of Capitellar Osteochondritis Dissecans
Authors: Zheng Evan T. , Osada Koya , Williams Kathryn A. , Bae Donald S. 
Published: November 2024

Background: Treatment for osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the humeral capitellum has been predominantly guided by fragment stability and articular cartilage integrity. Nonoperative management is recommended for stable lesions, whereas surgical intervention is indicated for unstable lesions and those that fail nonoperative care. Several surgical options may be considered, although limited information is available regarding indications for specific surgical techniques and comparative postoperative results. Purpose: To assess surgical outcomes of patients with capitellar OCD treated according to a decision-making approach focused on subchondral bone involvement. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Patients diagnosed with capitellar OCD at a tertiary academic center were enrolled in a prospective longitudinal cohort study. Patient information was collected at the time of enrollment, and OCD lesions were classified according to the Nelson grade. Clinical and radiologic data were collected both pre- and postoperatively for those undergoing surgical treatment. Surgical procedures were performed based on an evolving treatment framework that included considerations specifically for lesion containment and depth of subchondral bone disease. Timmerman scores were obtained to assess patient functional outcomes. Results: A total of 154 patients were prospectively enrolled, 19 of whom had bilateral disease. The mean age at presentation was 13.7 years; 39% were gymnasts and 28.5% were primary baseball or softball athletes. Surgery was performed on 145 elbows, including 43 drilling/microfracture procedures, 21 internal fixations, and 63 autologous osteochondral grafting (OG) procedures. Clinically, there were significant improvements in pain, elbow motion, and mechanical symptoms. Timmerman scores significantly improved after each type of surgical procedure. A total of 76% of patients returned to their primary sport. When stratified by the Nelson grade, patients with OG had lower revision surgery rates than those treated with drilling/microfracture and fixation. Furthermore, for Nelson grade 2 lesions, patients treated with OG had significantly better postoperative elbow motion and higher Timmerman scores compared with those treated with other procedures. Conclusion: Using a treatment framework incorporating lesion containment and depth of subchondral bone disease, surgery for capitellar OCD provides clinical, radiologic, and functional improvements. Patients treated with OG may have lower revision rates and better functional outcomes compared with those treated with other surgical techniques, with OG warranting consideration even for lower-grade OCD lesions.
Evaluation of Preoperative Factors That Affect the Alpha Angle of Screw Insertion After the Open Latarjet Procedure
Authors: Lee Hee Dong , Kim Su Cheol , Choi Yun Seong , Kim Dae Yeung , Yoo Jae Chul 
Published: November 2024

Background: The open Latarjet procedure yields excellent results as a treatment for anterior shoulder instability. The position of the bony fragment and the insertion angle of the screw (the alpha angle) are critical factors for a successful procedure. The alpha angle is considered overangulated at >25°, which is associated with poor bone fixation and healing. Purpose: To assess preoperative patient anatomic factors that affect the alpha angle in the Latarjet procedure for anterior shoulder instability. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: In this retrospective study, 76 patients who underwent the open Latarjet procedure between October 2009 and December 2023 were included. Postoperative computed tomography scans were reviewed for the alpha angle, and patients were classified into 2 groups: group 1 (alpha angle ≥25°) and group 2 (alpha angle <25°). Preoperative patient characteristics and radiological parameters obtained from preoperative computed tomography scans were analyzed and compared between groups 1 and 2. We developed a novel method to measure the depth of the chest and the angle between the deltopectoral interval and the plane of screw insertion. We also measured the thickness of the pectoralis major and subscapularis muscles. Results: Of the 76 patients in this study, 41 and 35 patients were included in groups 1 and 2, respectively. The mean alpha angles of groups 1 and 2 were 36° and 12°, respectively, and the body mass index was significantly higher in group 1 ( P < .001). In addition, group 1 had a significantly longer distance from the anterior edge of the glenoid to the skin margin of the deltopectoral interval ( P < .001). The angle between the deltopectoral interval and the plane of screw insertion (traction angle) was significantly larger in group 1 ( P < .001), and the pectoralis major and subscapularis muscles were thicker in group 1 ( P = .017 and P = .032, respectively). Conclusion: The alpha angle after the Latarjet procedure was strongly related to the patient's weight, body mass index, depth of the chest, and the angle between the deltopectoral interval and the plane of screw insertion. To our knowledge, this is the first study in which the preoperative factors that facilitate proper screw fixation in the Latarjet procedure are reported.
Underwriter Reputation, Retail Demand, and Performance of Newly Public Small and Medium Enterprises
Authors: Aneesha M A , Athira A , Lukose P J Jijo 
Published: November 2024

This paper examines how underwriter reputation influences the retail demand for SME IPOs in India. Additionally, we unearth the impact of underwriter reputation and retail demand on the initial and aftermarket performance of SME IPOs. Using sample data of 610 SME IPOs from 2012 to 2021, we found that retail investors rely on external signals, particularly those from underwriters, to make investment decisions. Moreover, IPOs backed by reputed underwriters exhibit superior performance in the long run. In addition, we observe a positive association between retail demand and initial return. However, this relationship does not translate into long-term performance, emphasizing the challenge retail investors face in accurately assessing the long-term prospects of IPOs. JEL Codes: G11, G24, G32
Risk factors affecting all-cause mortality in cats hospitalized by a referral soft tissue service
Authors: Baker Michaela M , Schmiedt Chad W , Lewis Meghan , Wallace Mandy L , Sutherland Brian , Grimes Janet A 
Published: November 2024

Objectives The objective of this study was to describe the all-cause mortality rate in cats hospitalized by the soft tissue surgery service of an academic referral hospital over a 5-year period and to identify specific risk factors for mortality. The hypotheses were that the all-cause mortality rate during hospitalization would be low, and cats undergoing emergency surgery and those with an American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) status of 3 or more would be at increased risk for mortality. Methods The case log of cats hospitalized by the soft tissue surgery service at the University of Georgia was searched retrospectively to identify all cats hospitalized in the years 2015–2020. Data collected about each cat included age, sex and neuter status, weight, body condition score (1–9), pre-existing heart disease, chronic kidney disease, concurrent infection or cancer, emergency status, time of surgery (daytime vs after hours, which was defined as after 4 pm), if the surgery was performed on a weekday or weekend, and general type of surgery. Univariable logistic regressions were implemented to test and estimate odds ratios for the effects of risk factors on in-hospital mortality. A multivariable logistic regression was developed that initially included all risk factors with P <0.05 on univariable analysis. Log-likelihood ratio test P values and profile-likelihood confidence intervals were reported. Results The all-cause mortality rate was 6.1%. Analysis was limited because of low mortality, but multivariable analysis identified increasing ASA status and emergency surgery as significant risk factors for increased mortality while hospitalized. Conclusions and relevance The findings of this study confirmed that increasing ASA status and emergency procedures are significant risk factors for mortality in cats. Clinicians should be aware of these risk factors and consider how to best monitor and manage these feline patients.