bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Should paediatricians initiate orthopaedic hip dysplasia referrals for infants with isolated asymmetric skin folds?
Authors: Louer C. R. , Bomar J. D. , Pring M. E. , Mubarak S. J. , Upasani V. V. , Wenger D. R. 
Published: October 2019

Purpose Asymmetric skin folds (ASFs) have been linked to developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in select studies, leading to their inclusion in paediatric practice guidelines regarding orthopaedic referral for hip evaluation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the utility of isolated ASFs as a screening tool for DDH in a series of patient referrals evaluated at a single institution. Methods We performed a retrospective review of consecutive patients between 0 and 12 months of age referred to orthopaedic clinics for isolated ASFs. We recorded radiographic findings (acetabular inclination or alpha angle), diagnosis rendered and treatment administered. Results A total of 66 patients were included (mean age 6.4 months; 2.47 to 10.76). All patients received pelvic radiographs or ultrasound. In all, 36 patients (55%) were considered normal by their treating physician and 25 (38%) were considered dysplastic and underwent brace treatment. One hip with an isolated ASF was found to have a dislocated hip on radiograph prior to their initial orthopaedic visit. None of the patients in this study have required surgery to date. Conclusion Using ASFs as a reason for referral led to increased diagnosis of mild dysplasia resulting in orthotic treatment. Thus, in our particular clinical environment, isolated ASFs can be an indicator of mild dysplasia and warrant further workup or referral. Because treatment philosophies regarding recognition and treatment of mild dysplasia vary amongst centres, the value of screening with ASFs likewise depends on the treating orthopaedic surgeon's threshold for treatment of mild dysplasia. Level of evidence Level IV- Retrospective
Struktur ekosistem lamun di Desa Teluk Bakau, pesisir bintan timur-Indonesia
Authors: Nugraha Aditya Hikmat , Srimariana Endang S , Jaya Indra , Kawaroe Mujizat 
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Teluk Bakau Village is one of the largest conservation areas of seagrass ecosystem located in Bintan Island. This research aim to study the distribution of species, seagrass coverage and seagrass density in Teluk Bakau Village. The research was conducted at two stations, Beralas Pasir Island and Teluk Bakau Village Beach. Seagrass data collections are computed using transect quadrat method. The results of this study show that there is total 8 species of seagrasses found in the conservation area of seagrass ecosystem in Teluk Bakau, namelu Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, Cymodocea serulata, Halophila ovalis, Halophila minor, Syringodium isoetifolium and Halodule uninervis. The highest seagrass cover value was found at Beralas Pasir Island station about 47%, while in Teluk Bakau Village Beach station the seagrass coverage value was arround 29%. Based on these coverage value, the seagrass ecosystem in Teluk Bakau area fall in the category of medium conditon. The excistence of seagrass ecosystem in Teluk Bakau village is utilized by the community in small scale fisheries activity, therefore it is utmost important that its biodiversity and level of coverage are maintaned or even improved.Keywords: Bintan, conservation, coverage, seagrass, teluk bakau Abstrak. Desa Teluk Bakau merupakan salah satu kawasan konservasi ekosistem padang lamun yang terletak di Pulau Bintan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji sebaran spesies, tutupan dan kerapatan lamun di Desa Teluk Bakau. Metode pengamatan ekosistem padang lamun dengan menggunakan metode transek kuadrat. Penelitian dilakukan di dua stasiun yaitu Pantai Timur Teluk Bakau dan Pulau Beralas Pasir. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa total terdapat 8 spesies lamun yang ditemukan di kawasan konservasi ekosistem padang lamun di Teluk Bakau, meliputi spesies Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, Cymodocea serulata, Halophila ovalis, Halophila minor, Syringodium isoetifolium dan Halodule uninervis. Nilai tutupan lamun tertinggi ditemukan di stasiun Pulau Beralas Pasir sebesar 47% dan stasiun Pantai Desa Teluk Bakau memiliki nilai tutupan lamun sebesar 29%. Berdasarkan nilai tutupannya ekosistem padang lamun di kawasan Teluk Bakau berada dalam kondisi sedang. Keberadaan ekosistem lamun di Desa Teluk Bakau dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat dalam aktivitas perikanan skala kecil, sehingga sangat penting untuk menjaga keberagaman dan nilai tutupan ekosistem lamun.Kata Kunci: Bintan, konservasi, lamun, Teluk Bakau, tutupan
Oil-sands clays
Authors: Mercier Patrick H.J. , Omotoso Oladipo , Hockley Daryl 
Published: October 2019

Depending on the context and discipline, the terms ‘clays’ or ‘clay’ may be used in three different ways: as a particle-size term, as a mineral term, and as a rock term (Moore, 1996). The field of oil-sands research makes no exception and various uses can be encountered in the literature, including terms such as ‘clay-sized minerals,’ ‘fine clays,’ ‘ultrafine clays’ (or ‘ultrafines’), ‘estuarine clay,’ ‘marine clay,’ etc.
In this chapter, an overview is given of: (1) the nomenclature associated with clays and clay minerals; (2) the structure and crystal chemistry of phyllosilicates; and (3) the geology and clay mineralogy of oil sands.
Clay measurement methods in oil sands
Authors: Kaminsky Heather A. , Omotoso Oladipo 
Published: October 2019

With the myriad of measurement techniques and definitions of clays, the first question generally asked is “how much clay is there” in a sample? This often refers to the magnitude of a clay attribute in the sample and the answer to this question may vary depending on the measurement method. Does the method measure the clay-mineral type, the size distribution or mean size, the surface area, cation exchange capacity (CEC), rheology, or plasticity? Clay mineral type, particle size, and surface area are commonly used in mining operations to optimize oil-sand ore blending. In bitumen extraction and tailings management, where slurry behavior contributes to the process performance, propertiess uch as rheology and plasticity are also used.
The previous chapters in the volume have introduced the various properties of clay particles and clay minerals. The present chapter describes the common methods of measuring clays and clay minerals in oil sands.
Theoria Cum Praxi – Modeling Specialised Communication
Authors: Pelikan Kristina , Roelcke Thorsten 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAs researchers from different nationalities and disciplines collaborate in research projects with joint grants, science becomes more and more global. For conducting the research, project members from several different professional and national backgrounds work together on a daily basis using English as lingua franca (ELF). This results in a very heterogenic linguistic setting, influenced by several mother tongues and languages for specific purposes (LSPs). Systematic approaches have been neglected during the last years while LSP research moved more and more towards applied approaches working on concrete case studies. The present study follows an alternative approach. Applied linguistics and further development of systematic approaches shall here be seen as a circular flow. For instance, communication optimisation during a case study benefits from system-thinking and vice versa. How could the project language of a case study be structured and which long established classifications need to be revised based on these data? Is there a need for a new understanding of applied LSP research?
A new generation of dual-mode optical thermometry based on ZrO2:Eu3+ nanocrystals
Authors: Zhou Jun , Lei Ruoshan , Wang Huanping , Hua Youjie , Li Denghao , Yang Qinghua , Deng Degang , Xu Shiqing 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
For achieving well-performing optical thermometry, a new type of dual-mode optical thermometer is explored based on the valley-to-peak ratio (VPR) and fluorescence lifetime of Eu3+ emissions in the ZrO2:Eu3+ nanocrystals with sizes down to 10 nm. In the VPR strategy, the intensity ratio between the valley (600 nm) generated by the emission band overlap and the 606 nm peak (5D0→7F2), which is highly temperature sensitive, is employed, giving the maximum relative sensing sensitivity (S
r

) of 1.8% K−1 at 293 K and good anti-interference performance. Meanwhile, the 606 nm emission exhibits a temperature-dependent decay lifetime with the highest S
r

of 0.33% K−1 at 573 K, which is due to the promoted nonradiative relaxation with temperature. These results provide useful information for constructing high-performance dual-mode optical thermometers, which may further stimulate the development of photosensitive nanomaterials for frontier applications.
Crystal structure of bis[triaqua-(μ2-1,2-di(4-pyridyl)ethylene-κ2
N:N′)-(4-sulfonatobenzoato-κ2
O,O′)zinc(II)], C13H15NO8SZn
Authors: Li Xiao-Ling , Xin Ling-Yun , Yu Yue-Yi , Yang Qing-Qing , Liu Meng-Ke 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
C13H15NO8SZn, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 12.3456(3) Å, b = 13.7680(4) Å, c = 19.9125(5) Å, β = 107.051(2)°, V = 3235.85(14) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0325, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0819, T = 293(2) K.
Crystal structure of bis(acetylacetonato-κ2
O,O′)-(ethanolamine-κ2
N,O)copper(II), C14H25CuNO5
Authors: Lo Kong Mun , Lee See Mun , Tiekink Edward R.T. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
C14H25CuNO5, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 7.7319(3) Å, b = 9.9198(5) Å, c = 11.6827(5) Å, α = 81.866(4)°, β = 75.576(4)°, γ = 74.562(4)°, V = 833.78(7) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0287, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0807, T = 100(2) K.
The crystal structure of 1,2-bis((4-methoxyphenyl)ethynyl)benzene, C24H18O2
Authors: Wu Shuai , Peng Ling , Zhou Pan , Zeng Zhigang 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
C24H18O2, orthorhombic, Ccc2 (no. 37), a = 9.7401(14) Å, b = 34.509(5) Å, c = 21.970(3) Å, V = 7384.7(19) Å3, Z = 16, R
gt(F) = 0.0738, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1559, T = 298(2) K.
Modeling Lane-Change Risk in Urban Expressway Off-Ramp Area Based on Naturalistic Driving Data
Authors: Zhang Lanfang , Wang Shuli , Chen Cheng , Yang Minhao , She Xin 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Off-ramp areas are considered the critical sections of urban expressways where the exiting vehicles and straight-through vehicles merge. Therefore, lane-change behaviors frequently occur at the upstream of the urban expressway off-ramp, which lead to high chance of traffic crashes. This study looks at the risk of lane-change behaviors in the multilane urban expressway off-ramp areas. First, lane-change process information of exit vehicles in urban expressway off-ramp area was extracted from the Shanghai Naturalistic Driving Study (SH-NDS) database. Second, for each lane-change movements of exit vehicles, a risk evaluation indicator (risk perception, RP) was adopted to quantify the lane-change risk. Based on the RP, the study proposed a four-rank risk classification criterion using K-means clustering to define the risk rank of each lane-change movement. Finally, a lane-change risk rank classification model was developed for traffic in the off-ramp areas of multilane expressways using four distinctive influencing factors. Four influencing factors, namely, traffic congestion level, demand lane change times, lane-change direction, and relative distance between vehicle and exit, were used to describe the traffic flow characteristics and exiting lane-change route for the modeling purpose. The risk model was developed using two support vector machine models, which were based on the partial binary tree structure and the directed acyclic graph structure, respectively. The results showed that the overall accuracy of the partial binary tree structure classifier was 65.71 % and the average AUC value was 0.9004, both of which shows a better performance of the partial binary tree structure classifier, compared with the directed acyclic graph structure classifier.
Activation of the Intrinsic Pain Inhibitory Circuit from the Midcingulate Cg2 to Zona Incerta Alleviates Neuropathic Pain
Authors: Hu Ting-Ting , Wang Ran-Ran , Du Yu , Guo Fang , Wu Yu-Xing , Wang Yi , Wang Shuang , Li Xiang-Yao , Zhang Shi-Hong , Chen Zhong 
Published: October 2019

Neuropathic pain is one of the most common and notorious neurological diseases. The changes in cerebral structures after nerve injury and the corresponding contributions to neuropathic pain are not well understood. Here we found that the majority of glutamatergic neurons in the area 2 of midcingulate cortex (MCC Cg2Glu) were inhibited by painful stimulation in male mice. Optogenetic manipulation revealed that these neurons were tonically involved in the inhibitory modulation of multimodal nociception. We further identified the projections to GABAergic neurons in the zona incerta (ZIGABA) mediated the pain inhibitory role. However, MCC Cg2Glubecame hypoactive after nerve injury. Although a brief activation of the MCC Cg2Gluto ZIGABAcircuit was able to relieve the aversiveness associated with spontaneous ongoing pain, consecutive activation of the circuit was required to alleviate neuropathic allodynia. In contrast, glutamatergic neurons in the area 1 of MCC played opposite roles in pain modulation. They became hyperactive after nerve injury and only consecutive inhibition of their activity relieved allodynia. These results demonstrate that MCC Cg2Gluconstitute a component of intrinsic pain inhibitory circuitry and their hypoactivity underlies neuropathic pain. We propose that selective and persistent activation of the MCC Cg2Gluto ZIGABAcircuit may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for this disease.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTGlutamatergic neurons in the area 2 of midcingulate cortex (MCC Cg2Glu) are tonically involved in the intrinsic pain inhibition via projecting to GABAergic neurons in the zona incerta. They are hypoactive after nerve injury. Selective activation of the circuit compensates the reduction of its analgesic strength and relieves neuropathic pain. Therefore, MCC Cg2Gluand the related analgesic circuit may serve as therapeutic targets for neuropathic pain. In contrast, MCC Cg1Gluhave an opposite role in pain modulation and become hyperactive after nerve injury. The present study provides novel evidence for the concept that neuropathic pain is associated with the dysfunction of endogenous pain modulatory system and new perspective on the treatment of neuropathic pain.
Serum MMP-7 in the Diagnosis of Biliary Atresia
Authors: Jiang Jingying , Wang Junfeng , Shen Zhen , Lu Xuexin , Chen Gong , Huang Yanlei , Dong Rui , Zheng Shan 
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND:
The overlapping features of biliary atresia (BA) and other neonatal cholestasis with alternative causes (non-BA) have posed challenges for diagnosis. Matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) has been reported to be promising in diagnosing BA. We aimed to validate the diagnostic accuracy of MMP-7 for BA in a large population sample.

METHODS:
We enrolled 288 patients with neonatal obstructive jaundice from March 2017 to October 2018. Serum MMP-7 levels were measured by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed, and decision curve analysis was done. A Pearson correlation coefficient test was conducted to assess the correlation between MMP-7 levels and other characteristics.

RESULTS:
The median serum MMP-7 levels were 38.89 ng/mL (interquartile range: 22.96–56.46) for the BA group and 4.4 ng/mL (interquartile range: 2.73–6.56) for the non-BA group (P &lt; .001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve value was 0.9829 for MMP-7, and the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 95.19%, 93.07%, 97.27%, and 91.43%, respectively, at a cutoff value of 10.37 ng/mL. When MMP-7 was combined with γ glutamyl transferase, the diagnostic accuracy was slightly improved without significance when compared with MMP-7 alone and had an area under the curve of 0.9880 (P = .08). Decision curve analysis also showed potential for MMP-7 to be used for clinical applications. A significant correlation was found with fibrosis stage from liver biopsy (R = 0.47; P &lt; .001).

CONCLUSIONS:
MMP-7 demonstrated good accuracy in diagnosing BA and holds promise for future clinical application. Furthermore, its correlation with liver fibrosis indicated its potential use as a therapeutic target or prognostic biomarker.
Understanding the Influence and Effects of Devolution on Agricultural Development: A Case Study of Garissa County, Kenya
Authors: Abdi Ali Hussein , Farah Salah Abdirahaman 
Published: October 2019

The Agriculture sector in Kenya is as important as the country. Much of the agricultural function was transferred to the devolved units when the new constitution was passed by Kenyans and promulgated. The question many are asking is, have county governments initiated strategies in place to improve food security and ultimately contribute to the economy.
Agriculture is the major contributor of our economy today. Kenya needs to be a self-sufficient country and feed its people. County governments have a huge role in ensuring this objective achieved. Based on this, a research title is proposed “Understanding the influence and effects of devolution on agricultural development: A case study of Garissa county, Kenya” The research seeks to clarify to the public and the other stakeholders concerned if actually devolved units have done anything to improve the agricultural sector since its inception. Have county governments put clear, achievable and practical strategies for this sector to grow and how best can counties improve this important sector. The research findings will be very helpful to those who are involve in the agricultural sector, directly or indirectly.
The research objectives are; to compare performance of agriculture before and after devolution, to evaluate the achievements of devolution in the agricultural sector, to analyse the challenges faced by county governments in developing this sector, to examine the perception of the public on the best strategies to improve agriculture in Kenya and to give synthesised recommendations to all stakeholders.
The research was conducted within Garissa County, four out of the six sub counties. A total of 310 respondents were engaged ranging from farmers, the general public and the staff of the county government
The research found out that there is a gap in the sector that needs attention. Agricultural production, although remained steadfast over the years, has been in deplorable situation. The research findings is helpful to all stakeholders-both levels of governments, farmers, the public and non-state actors. The research commends that the County governments should use bottom-up approach strategy when making critical decision affecting the department. This will aid them obtain raw and unbiased information for action. The department of agriculture experts should be deployed to all sub counties (at the grassroots). 95 percent of these staff stay at county headquarters doing nothing. Their presence at the villages, farms will come in handy or the farmers. People with experience and experts should be employed to spearhead this exercise. Routine visits should be made to the farming areas.
Coherence between oscillations in the cardiorespiratory system and tissue oxygen index in muscle recovering from intensive exercise in humans
Authors: Usuda N , Shirakawa K , Hatano K , Abe MO , Yunoki T , Yano T 
Published: October 2019

It has been shown that the tissue oxygen index (TOI) measured by near-infrared spectroscopy oscillates at very low frequencies during recovery after exercise and that this oscillation is derived from interactions among biochemical substances involved in oxidative metabolism in skeletal muscle. As a further step, we examined whether TOI in muscle interacts through oscillation with factors related to oxygen in the cardiorespiratory system. For this examination, coherence and phase difference between the TOI in the vastus lateralis and heart rate (HR) and between TOI and arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) were sequentially determined during recovery (2–60 min) after severe cycle exercise with a workload of 7.5% of body weight for 20 s. Significant coherence between TOI and HR was obtained in the very low-frequency band (approximate range: 0.002–0.03 Hz) and in the low-frequency band (approximate range: 0.06–0.12 Hz). The phase difference was negative in the low-frequency band and positive in the very low-frequency band. The coherence between TOI and SpO2 was significant in the very low-frequency band. The phase difference was negative. There were no sequential changes in these coherences and phase differences. The results suggest that TOI in skeletal muscle interrelates with factors related to the heart and lungs.
DEMODERNIZATION AS A HYBRID FORM OF MODERNIZATION OF TRADITIONALIST SOCIETY IN THE GLOBALIZED WORLD
Authors: S. Ordenov Serhii , M. Кleshnia Hanna 
Published: October 2019

The purpose of the article This article deals with the notion of demodernization as a form of hybrid modernization of a traditionalist society, which is being transformed into the system of global capitalism. The following thesis is substantiated that demodernization is a form of transformation that allows traditionalist societies to adapt to the economic requirements of the global world-system without carrying out structural changes in the social system.
Materials and methods: This research deals with the notion of demodernization as a form of hybrid modernization of a traditionalist society, which is being transformed into the system of global capitalism. This is a review of international interpretations. The article goes through works written by Acemoglu & Robinson (2016), Ordenov (2017), etc.
Results of the research: It is shown that demodernization mechanisms tend to be superimposed on the cultural period of our time, called Postmodern. Postmodern Culture cultivates the possibilities of demodernization in a global dimension since it is based on the perception of the world under the relativistic conditions of weakening values and integrity and dilution of the axiological and moral bases.
Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students.
Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of Demodernization as a hybrid form of modernization of traditionalist society in the globalized world is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.