bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The change of endotracheal tube cuff pressure during laparoscopic surgery
Authors: Kwon Youngsuk , Jang Ji Su , Hwang Sung Mi , Lee Jae Jun , Hong Seok Jun , Hong Sung Jun , Kang Byung Yong , Lee Ho Seok 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Background
We evaluated the endotracheal tube cuff pressure (Pcuff) changes during pneumoperitoneum for laparoscopic cholecystectomy and the correlations between body mass index (BMI), pneumoperitoneum time, and Pcuff changes.

Methods
Total 60 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were allocated to either a study group (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) or a control group (BMI < 25 kg/m2). The endotracheal intubation was performed with a high-volume low-pressure cuffed oral endotracheal tube. A manometer was connected to the pilot balloon using a 3-way stopcock and the cuff was inflated. The change in Pcuff was defined as the difference between the pressure just before intra-abdominal CO2 insufflation and the pressure before CO2 desufflation.

Results
Pcuff increased to 5.3 ± 3.6 cmH2O in the study group and 5.7 ± 5.4 cmH2O in the control group. There was no significant difference between two groups. While BMI was not correlated with change in Pcuff (r = 0.022, p = 0.867), there was a significant correlation between change in Pcuff and the duration of pneumoperitoneum (r = 0.309, p = 0.016).

Conclusion
The change in Pcuff was not affected by BMI and was significantly correlated with pneumoperitoneum time. We recommend regular measurement and adjustment of Pcuff during laparoscopic surgery.
Chemical alteration of 238Pu-loaded borosilicate glass under saturated leaching conditions
Authors: Zubekhina Bella Yu. , Shiryaev Andrei A. , Burakov Boris E. , Vlasova Irina E. , Averin Alexey A. , Yapaskurt Vasily O. , Petrov Vladimir G. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Highly radioactive 238Pu-doped and non-radioactive samples of borosilicate glass with chemical compositions and synthesis routine similar to SON68 glass were studied under static saturated leaching conditions in distilled water at 90 °C. Dramatic differences in behavior of the radioactive and model glasses were observed. On time scale of 4 months the radioactive glass is fully covered by mechanically unstable alteration layer, possibly consisting of aluminum hydroxides with small fraction of a separate secondary Pu bearing phase. The model glass remains virtually pristine. Addition of Eu3+ into the glass allowed examination of the glass radio- and photoluminescence and to assess changes or REE3+ impurity local environment during self-irradiation and leaching. Photoluminescence spectra suggest more ordered local environment of europium ions in the alteration “gel” than in the bulk glass. Peculiar behavior of the photoluminescence spectra excited at different laser power is observed for the alteration layer and is ascribed to optical bleaching of color centers.
Electron beam flue gas technology for SOx and NOx simultaneous removal: its process and chemistry evolution from power plants to diesel off-gas treatment
Authors: Zwolinska Ewa A. , Sun Yongxia , Chmielewski Andrzej G. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Environmental pollution is one of the most important problems in present-day society. Governments and international organizations try to mitigate this problem by enforcing strict laws concerning the emission of certain pollutants. This process is especially rapidly applied concerning air pollution. In the past, the main focus was placed on the regulation of the energy sector and of land-based transportation emissions, as they produce the vast majority of pollutants. Today, the emphasis is shifted toward marine-based transportation, as it is anticipated that after the year 2020, the emission from sea-based sources (with respect to sulfur and nitrogen oxides) will exceed the land-based emission. One of the technologies that have been successfully implemented in industries to decrease the level of air pollution caused by NOx and SOx is electron beam flue gas treatment. This review shows the chemical principles of this method as well as the chemical engineering issues and its development and modifications to suit the changing needs of industries worldwide.
Excitation/inhibition imbalance and impaired neurogenesis in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders
Authors: Lopatina Olga L. , Malinovskaya Natalia A. , Komleva Yulia K. , Gorina Yana V. , Shuvaev Anton N. , Olovyannikova Raisa Y. , Belozor Olga S. , Belova Olga A. , Higashida Haruhiro , Salmina Alla B. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The excitation/inhibition (E/I) balance controls the synaptic inputs to prevent the inappropriate responses of neurons to input strength, and is required to restore the initial pattern of network activity. Various neurotransmitters affect synaptic plasticity within neural networks via the modulation of neuronal E/I balance in the developing and adult brain. Less is known about the role of E/I balance in the control of the development of the neural stem and progenitor cells in the course of neurogenesis and gliogenesis. Recent findings suggest that neural stem and progenitor cells appear to be the target for the action of GABA within the neurogenic or oligovascular niches. The same might be true for the role of neuropeptides (i.e. oxytocin) in neurogenic niches. This review covers current understanding of the role of E/I balance in the regulation of neuroplasticity associated with social behavior in normal brain, and in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases. Further studies are required to decipher the GABA-mediated regulation of postnatal neurogenesis and synaptic integration of newly-born neurons as a potential target for the treatment of brain diseases.
P. Louvre E 7856 C: A Possible Memorandum about Tax Payment from the Eisenlohr Lot
Authors: Heel Koenraad Donker van 
Published: June 2019

Summary
First publication of P. Louvre E 7856 C, a documentary fragment from the archive of Djekhy & Son (abnormal hieratic and early demotic P. Louvre E 7832-7861, bought together with Ptolemaic demotic P. Louvre E 7862), which shows both abnormal hieratic and early demotic traits. It was most probably written in the reign of Amasis, and may have been a receipt for the payment of the tax of the overseer of the necropolis (HD mr-X#s.t) or – perhaps more likely – a memo about the payment of this (or another) tax.
Garstang Stela E.31 and the Family of Iy at Abydos
Authors: Twiston Davies Huw P. R. , Nielsen Nicky 
Published: June 2019

Summary
Publication of E.31, a Middle Kingdom stela from cenotaph 321 A’07, discovered by John Garstang at Abydos, currently housed in the Garstang Museum of Archaeology, University of Liverpool. The stela contains information about the family of the Bearer of Soil Iy at Abydos in the late Middle Kingdom, adding to Simpson’s ANOC 19. The archaeological context of the object is explored, and a full translation of E.31 is provided, as well as discussion of a heavily fragmented stela (321d) found in the same context by Garstang.
La3Ni4Al2: a new layered aluminide
Authors: Zaremba Nazar , Schepilov Yurij , Nychyporuk Galyna , Hlukhyy Viktor , Pavlyuk Volodymyr 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The new ternary compound La3Ni4Al2 has been synthesized and the crystal structure has been studied by X-ray single crystal diffraction. La3Ni4Al2 is the first aluminide, crystallizing in the La3Ni4Ga2-type. The crystal structure of La3Ni4Al2 consists of La-layers and hetero-atomic Ni/Al layers, sequentially alternating along the a axis (pseudo-hexagonal c axis). According to electronic structure calculations using the tight-binding linear muffin-tin orbital method in the atomic-sphere approximation (TB-LMTO-ASA), strong Al–Ni interactions have been established. The coordination polyhedra for the Al atoms are cuboctahedra, whereas the bicapped square prism and bicapped square antiprism are typical for nickel atoms. The lanthanum atoms are enclosed in pseudo Frank–Kasper polyhedra.
What We Really Know About Biosynthesis of Cellulose from Ficus palmate: A Novel Biomass Production
Authors: Alam Sultan , Rehman Noor , Mian Inamullah , Ullah Hidayat 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Current research attention has been motivated on the successful synthesis of cellulose from biomass waste of Ficus palmate through multistep process i.e. bleaching and alkali treatment to efficiently eradicate impurities, waxy substances like pectin, cutin, waxes, extractives, hemicellulose and lignin from F. palmate. The cellulose obtained was analyzed by using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The isolated cellulose has high degree of purity and crystallinity (61%) and thermal stability as verified by XRD and TGA, respectively. SEM was used for surface morphology and shape. Highly visible pores with channels were detected on the surface. Moreover it also shows that the free surface from lignin and hemicelluloses due to chemical treatment. This study indicates that the multistep procedure is quite adequate for the extraction of cellulose.
Effect of Hydrothermal Reaction Time on Electrical, Structural and Magnetic Properties of Cobalt Ferrite
Authors: Majid Farzana , Nazir Amarah , Ata Sadia , Bibi Ismat , Mehmood Hafiz Shahid , Malik Abdul , Ali Adnan , Iqbal Munawar 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Cobalt ferrite was synthesized by hydrothermal route in order to investigate the effect of hydrothermal reaction time on structural, magnetic and dielectric properties. The synthesized cobalt ferrite was characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared and Vibrating-Sample Magnetometer (VMS). XRD data analysis confirmed the formation of cubic inverse spinel ferrite for complete time series as the high intensity peak corresponds to cubic normal spinel structure. The ionic radii, cation distribution among tetrahedral and octahedral sites, lattice parameters, X-ray density, bond lengths were also investigated cobalt ferrite prepared at different hydrothermal reaction time. The crystallite size was found to be in the range of 11.79–32.78 nm. Tolerance factor was near unity that also confirms the formation of cubic ferrites. VSM studies revealed the magnetic nature of cobalt ferrite. The coercivity (1076.3Oe) was observed for a sample treated for 11 h. The squareness ratio was 0.56 that is close to 0.5 which shows uniaxial anisotropy in cobalt ferrite. Frequency dependent dielectric properties i.e. dielectric constant, AC conductivity, tangent loss and AC resistivity are calculated with the help of Impedance Analyzer. Intrinsic cation vibration of cubic spinel ferrites are confirmed from FTIR analysis in the range of 400–4000 cm−1. In view of enhanced properties, this technique could possibly be used for the synthesis of cobalt ferrite for different applications.
Particle Strength of Calcareous Sand in Nansha Islands, South China Sea
Authors: Zhang Jia-ming , Duan Mo-dong , Wang Dian-long , Zhang Yufei 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Single particle strength is the main factor that influences particle breakage. In order to explore particle strength characteristics and the relationship between the strength and size of calcareous sand from the South China Sea, single particle crushing tests were conducted using self-made test equipment. Hundreds of particles (0.72–3.12 mm) divided into three groups of different sizes were used to perform the test. The results show that the strength characteristics of the particles were similar to those of a typical brittle material and were lower than that of quartz sand. Under flat unconfined compression, two types of uniaxial compressive force–displacement curves were defined according to the tests, related to the shape and structure of the calcareous sand particles. Statistical data analysis shows that the calcareous sand particles’ strength is in good agreement with the Weibull distribution. The particle crushing strength decreases as the particle diameter increases. Different shapes of calcareous sand particles show different strength characteristics. In addition, the mineral composition, microstructure, distribution of inner voids and fracture are related to the particle strength of calcareous sand.
On the Use of Kurtosis Control Methods in Shaker Testing for Fatigue Damage
Authors: Steinwolf A. , Cornelis B. , Peeters B. , Van der Auweraer H. , Rivola A. , Troncossi M. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Random vibration testing with increased kurtosis introduces high peaks into shaker drive signals to simulate land vehicle vibration more accurately and also to shorten the required test time. Two methods of controlling kurtosis by phase manipulation in the inverse fast Fourier transform were implemented, tested, and compared. The first method generates high-kurtosis excitations with a gradual, smooth pattern of peak heights from low to high, and the second method produces isolated high peaks with intervals of stable background vibration between them. When applying a kurtosis increase for accelerated fatigue damage testing, the kurtosis control method must be able to pass high-kurtosis values from the generated shaker table vibration into the stress response of the unit under test. However, this is not always the case, and only one of the considered methods was capable of doing so. In the article, the fatigue damage spectrum model was used for an evaluation of the time to failure. An experimental study was carried out using operational vibration measured in a car. Shaker testing of cantilever specimens was performed for Gaussian, non-Gaussian, and accelerated non-Gaussian excitations.
Dynamic Recrystallization in Austenitic Stainless Steel during Hot Working with Decreasing Deformation Temperature
Authors: Dolzhenko P. , Tikhonova M. , Sakai T. , Belyakov A. , Kaibyshev R. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The deformation microstructures and the mechanical properties of an advanced austenitic stainless steel subjected to hot forging with a decrease in deformation temperature from 1,323 to 1,073 K were studied. The deformation microstructures were characterized by the development of dynamic recrystallization (DRX), leading to a decrease in the mean grain size from 11 to 1 μm as temperature decreased. Two DRX mechanisms, i.e., discontinuous and continuous ones, operated concurrently during the hot compressions. Corresponding true flow stress gradually increased approaching a steady-state deformation during each compression. The grain refinement was accompanied by an increase in the dislocation density, resulting in significant strengthening. The yield strength increased from about 600 MPa to almost 1,000 MPa as revealed by tensile tests at room temperature. Both the grain-size strengthening and the dislocation strengthening contributed to the overall strength of the processed steel samples with DRX microstructures.
GRAF-pop: A Fast Distance-Based Method To Infer Subject Ancestry from Multiple Genotype Datasets Without Principal Components Analysis
Authors: Jin Yumi , Schaffer Alejandro A , Feolo Michael , Holmes J Bradley , Kattman Brandi L 
Published: June 2019

AbstractInferring subject ancestry using genetic data is an important step in genetic association studies, required for dealing with population stratification. It has become more challenging to infer subject ancestry quickly and accurately since large amounts of genotype data, collected from millions of subjects by thousands of studies using different methods, are accessible to researchers from repositories such as the database of Genotypes and Phenotypes (dbGaP) at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Study-reported populations submitted to dbGaP are often not harmonized across studies or may be missing. Widely-used methods for ancestry prediction assume that most markers are genotyped in all subjects, but this assumption is unrealistic if one wants to combine studies that used different genotyping platforms. To provide ancestry inference and visualization across studies, we developed a new method, GRAF-pop, of ancestry prediction that is robust to missing genotypes and allows researchers to visualize predicted population structure in color and in three dimensions. When genotypes are dense, GRAF-pop is comparable in quality and running time to existing ancestry inference methods EIGENSTRAT, FastPCA, and FlashPCA2, all of which rely on principal components analysis (PCA). When genotypes are not dense, GRAF-pop gives much better ancestry predictions than the PCA-based methods. GRAF-pop employs basic geometric and probabilistic methods; the visualized ancestry predictions have a natural geometric interpretation, which is lacking in PCA-based methods. Since February 2018, GRAF-pop has been successfully incorporated into the dbGaP quality control process to identify inconsistencies between study-reported and computationally predicted populations and to provide harmonized population values in all new dbGaP submissions amenable to population prediction, based on marker genotypes. Plots, produced by GRAF-pop, of summary population predictions are available on dbGaP study pages, and the software, is available at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/projects/gap/cgi-bin/Software.cgi.
HaploBlocker: Creation of Subgroup-Specific Haplotype Blocks and Libraries
Authors: Pook Torsten , Schlather Martin , de los Campos Gustavo , Mayer Manfred , Schoen Chris Carolin , Simianer Henner 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe concept of haplotype blocks has been shown to be useful in genetics. Fields of application range from the detection of regions under positive selection to statistical methods that make use of dimension reduction...The concept of haplotype blocks has been shown to be useful in genetics. Fields of application range from the detection of regions under positive selection to statistical methods that make use of dimension reduction. We propose a novel approach (“HaploBlocker”) for defining and inferring haplotype blocks that focuses on linkage instead of the commonly used population-wide measures of linkage disequilibrium. We define a haplotype block as a sequence of genetic markers that has a predefined minimum frequency in the population, and only haplotypes with a similar sequence of markers are considered to carry that block, effectively screening a dataset for group-wise identity-by-descent. From these haplotype blocks, we construct a haplotype library that represents a large proportion of genetic variability with a limited number of blocks. Our method is implemented in the associated R-package HaploBlocker, and provides flexibility not only to optimize the structure of the obtained haplotype library for subsequent analyses, but also to handle datasets of different marker density and genetic diversity. By using haplotype blocks instead of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), local epistatic interactions can be naturally modeled, and the reduced number of parameters enables a wide variety of new methods for further genomic analyses such as genomic prediction and the detection of selection signatures. We illustrate our methodology with a dataset comprising 501 doubled haploid lines in a European maize landrace genotyped at 501,124 SNPs. With the suggested approach, we identified 2991 haplotype blocks with an average length of 2685 SNPs that together represent 94% of the dataset.
A Bugaci-mintaterület felszíni, felszínközeli üledékeinek geokémiai vizsgálata
Authors: Fügedi Ubul , Kerék Barbara , Kuti László , Halupka Gábor 
Published: June 2019

Következtetések és összefoglalás
A majd’ 50 km2-es Bugaci-mintaterületen négy sekélyfúrásos vizsgálati programot végeztünk el. A vizsgálati eredmények közül az 1998–99-es mintázás nyomelem-adatainak eleddig hiányzó értelmezését adjuk közre.
A buckákon futóhomok, a laposokon agyagos–finomkőzetlisztes üledék található; ez utóbbi jelentős része karbonátiszap. Bár a laposok gyakorlatilag lefolyástalanok, a buckák–laposok helyzete nem állandó, így a rájuk jellemző üledékek is keverednek. A laposok alatti talajvízben és a laposok felszínén az időszakos tavakban a bepárlódás miatt megnő az oldott ion (só-) tartalom. A szedimentológiai és nyomelem-vizsgálatok alapján két sajátos környezetet érdemes kiemelni: a mai/archív felszíneket, amelyeken több a durvaszemcsés homok, valamint a semlyékek karbonátos, finomszemcsés üledékeit.
A felszínhez közel — a mészakkumuláció komponensei, azaz a Ca, Mg, Sr, Ba, CO32−, SO42−, PO43− (FÜGEDI et al., 2006) kivételével — az eolikus és a tavi üledékekben is minden vizsgált elemből jóval kevesebb van a Magyarországon általában szokásosnál. Ebben az értelemben a Bugaci-mintaterület jól reprezentálja Magyarország középső geokémiai nagytáját. Az ezen a nagytájon másutt megfigyelt törvényszerűségekkel teljes összhangban a karbonátok felhalmozódása közben az üledékekből valamennyi egyéb ion kimosódik: minél jobban oldódik, annál intenzívebben.
A Scheibler-módszerű, illetve áztatásos karbonáttartalmak csak nagyon lazán korrelálnak a Ca és Mg savoldható koncentrációival, mivel a kioldásos elemzéseket erősen befolyásolják egyéb tényezők (más sóásványok, az üledék diagenizáltsága). Az együtt előforduló, kiugróan nagy Cr- és Mo-tartalmakat automatikusan szennyezésnek kell tekinteni.
A tavi mésziszapokban a Ca/Sr arányt biogén folyamatok határozzák meg; ugyanezen iszapok kiugró S-tartalma bepárlódás eredménye. A mészakkumuláció elemcsoportja (Ca, Mg, Sr, Ba, CO32−, SO42−, PO43−) kivételével minden vizsgált elemből a Magyarország legnagyobb részén szokásosnál jóval kevesebb fordul elő. A tavi mésziszapok a Sr-tartalmak alapján megbízhatóan elkülöníthetők a mélyebb helyzetben kialakult mészakkumulációs szintektől.
A mintaterület talajai (főleg a homoktalajok) közepesen rézhiányosak és erősen cinkhiányosak.
Bársonyvirágfajok (Tagetes spp.) nehézfém fitoremediációs potenciáljának értékelése laboratóriumi tesztmódszerekkel
Authors: Mónok Dávid , Kardos Levente , Végvári György 
Published: June 2019

Összefoglalás
A fitoremediációs eljárások alkalmazása költséghatékony és környezetkímélő megoldást jelent a szennyezett területek helyreállítására. Korábbi kutatások alapján a bársonyvirágok alkalmasak lehetnek nehézfémmel szennyezett területek fitoremediációjára, azonban kevés információval rendelkezünk arról, hogy a fémeknek milyen toxikus hatása van ezekre a növényekre. Kutatásunk során két különböző kísérletet (egy előkísérletet és egy tenyészedény kísérletet) állítottunk be négy kiválasztott nehézfém (Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn) növényi bioakkumulációjának és toxicitásának vizsgálatára három különböző bársonyvirág fajon.
A csíranövényes előkísérlet alapján a kisvirágú bársonyvirág (Tagetes patula) volt a legkevésbé érzékeny az alkalmazott nehézfémekre, ezért ezt a növényt alkalmaztuk a tenyészedény kísérlet során. A tenyészedény kísérletben a növényeket a magyar jogszabályokban meghatározott talaj nehézfém szennyezettségi határérték 0-, 1-, 2- és 4-szeres dózisainak tettük ki. 120 napos talaj-növény interakció után mértük a növény növekedési paramétereit (hajtáshossz és tömeg, gyökérhossz és tömeg), valamint az esztétikai paramétereit (levelek és virágok száma, virágok átmérője). A növény hajtásának és a teszttalaj nehézfémkoncentrációit HNO3+H2O2 feltárás után atomabszorpciós spektrofotométerrel határoztuk meg.
Az eredményeink alapján a kisvirágú bársonyvirág képes a Cd és a Zn bioakkumulációjára a hajtásában, mivel 7-18-szor nagyobb koncentrációt mértünk a növény hajtásában, mint a teszttalajban. A Cu szintén akkumulálódott a hajtásban, azonban a növekvő Cu dózisok hatására a felhalmozódás mértéke csökkent. A növényi paraméterek (a Zn-terhelések kivételével) csak a legnagyobb dózisú nehézfém-terhelésekben csökkentek szignifikáns mértékben a kontrollhoz képest. A Zn szignifikánsan csökkentette a hajtáshosszt, a gyökér száraz tömegét, valamint a virágok átmérőjét már 400 mg kg-1 koncentráció esetén is.
Az eredményeink szerint a kisvirágú bársonyvirág alkalmas lehet kadmiummal, rézzel vagy cinkkel szennyezett talajok fitoremediációjára a vizsgált koncentráció-tartományokban. Alkalmazásuk városi területeken (pl. közparkokban, középületek és lakóházak kertjeiben, vagy utak melletti zöldfelületeken) megfelelő lehet, mivel ezek a növények a környezetet is szépítik.