bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bio-Mitigation of Carbon Dioxide Using Microalgae Cultivated in Tubular-Photobioreactor
Authors: Aidan Al-Hussieny Ahmed 
Published: December 2024

Bio-mitigation lowers greenhouse gas technology dioxide levels. Chlorella sorokiniana during a 24-day laboratory study period were evaluated at five distinct CO2 concentrations: 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 L/min while being cultivated in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK) growth media. The CO2 removal rate employed was 92.94% including proteins, lipids, phenols, flavones, glycosyrosiates, anthocyanins, and carotenoids, whereas the greatest level of gas was 25 L/min or 6000 mg/L. The biomass’s greatest proportion of proteins and lipids for the highest rate of gas (25 L/min) reached 47.08%, respectively, and 34.05% relative to the control 31.32% and 20.35%, respectively, as measured by its 0.102 nm difference from the control, and through the efficiency of the isolate of Chl. sorokiniana. It was tested by reducing the highest CO2 levels of 25 L/min within a 200 L photo bioreactor design. with a period of 24 days in the laboratory’s natural environment. After harvesting the algal reactor cultivation of 200 L, the biomass weight reached 900 g/L. This means that for every 1 g of algae biomass, 1.7 g of CO2 is consumed.
Alfalfa Crop Irrigation Modeling in Salamiyya, Syria
Authors: Kheder Yaghi Tammam , Saeed Hussam 
Published: December 2024

The study was carried out during three successive growing seasons from 2015 to 2017 at Salamiyya Research Center, Syria. That was to study the alfalfa crop water requirement and how we can improve its water crop productivity. Three treatments: drip method (A1), sprinkler method (A2), and surface one (A3) were designed and implemented using complete randomized block design (CRBD) with three replicators as well as surface irrigation treatment (A4) as the area’s farmer does. All these programs: WEAP21 (SPAW and MABIA), NewLoc-Clim1.10, and ET0Calc had been used. The simulation results for SPAW and MABIA programs after calibration were approximately identical. Alfalfa response coefficient reached 0.78 in the modern irrigation methods and 0.91 in the surface irrigation method in this type of soil. The water saving has been reached at 29% for drip irrigation and 22% for sprinkler irrigation compared with the surface irrigation method. There were tangible significant differences at the Water Use Efficiency (WUE), whereas treatment A1 excelled all the rest treatments, and the order of this excellence was as follows: A1 > A2 > A3 > A4. Finally, the integrated program (MABIA) and other programs can be considered very modern and sophisticated tools, making the water expert save time, effort, and costs in addition to obtaining very accurate results.
Freshwater Aquaculture, Fisheries and Limnology in Colombia: Review and Personal Data
Authors: Mikkola Heimo 
Published: December 2024

This chapter reviews, partly on personal data, the history of inland aquaculture, fishing and limnology in Colombia. Since the 1970s the country has been aware of the importance of aquaculture in the future of its economy due to the constant increase of a population that is increasingly in need of protein of animal origin. In 1972, a joint project between the Government of Colombia and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations was approved and began to function, aimed at studying inland fishing and developing aquaculture in the county. The work of the project is described, as are the fish culture and fisheries research activities starting with the situation in the 1970s but comparing it with recent findings. A list of the main capture and culture fish species is given. Colombian fishing production has had great variations, but inland water fishing has always been higher than marine. For instance, in 1972 total fish catch was 104, 390 tons and 79% of the total originated from inland waters. Our standing stock estimates indicated clearly that the fish productivity on Magdalena floodplain was relatively low. Comparable habitats in Zambia, Africa, had much higher standing crops. In the Magdalena floodplain, standing crop was 251 kg/ha during the rising water phase in August, as compared with 879 kg/ha from the Kafue floodplain at low water and 2682 kg/ha at the high water. Future development prospects of inland fisheries and aquaculture are discussed and a mention is made of ornamental fish cultivation and trade as well as the present situation of the sport fishing and civil war conflict.
Actividades pedagógicas para promover el liderazgo en el docente en la educación inicial.
Authors: Zambrano Alcívar Dayana Melisa , Lescay Blanco Dayana Margarita 
Published: December 2024

El liderazgo docente es fundamental para transformar el proceso educativo y construir comunidades escolares colaborativas e inclusivas. Este en la educación inicial es primordial para guiar el desarrollo integral de los niños, fomentando la autonomía, creatividad y habilidades sociales en un entorno seguro y motivador. Un docente es líder cuando inspira es capaz de desarrollar acciones innovadoras y establece vínculos significativos con la familia, la escuela, la comunidad. Tomando en cuenta estos criterios, aún es insuficiente el rol del docente de la educación inicial en el contexto laboral y educativo. De ahí que, esta investigación tuvo como objetivo diseñar actividades pedagógicas para promover el liderazgo en el docente en la educación inicial de la Unidad Educativa Simón Bolívar, parroquia Sosote. Para su desarrollo, se aplicaron métodos teóricos, empíricos y estadísticos matemáticos que permitieron el abordaje del tema y la búsqueda de una solución para esta problemática. Como resultado se logró la elaboración de actividades pedagógica que poseen un carácter contextualizadas, inclusivas y formativas dirigidas a desarrollar un liderazgo en el docente para contribuir a una educación con calidad. Se demuestra la factibilidad y pertinencia de la propuesta a través del criterio de especialistas que indican la viablilidad de las actividades pedagógicas en el contexto escolar.
Convergencias y discrepancias sobre el conocimiento de los recursos terapéuticos al final de la vida entre profesionales de Atención Primaria
Authors: Sarrà Andreu Anna , Delás Amat Jordi 
Published: December 2024

This article aims to develop and contrast the results obtained in the article “Knowledge among Primary Care Health Professionals about therapeutic resources at the end of life” with previous literature to expand the findings of this study.
Este artículo tiene el fin de desarrollar y contrastar los resultados obtenidos en el artículo “Conocimientos de los profesionales de Atención Primaria sobre recursos terapéuticos al final de la vida” con bibliografía previa para ampliar los hallazgos de este estudio.
Evolucion de las Competencias y Conocimentos Profesionales de los Profesores de Matemáticas
Authors: Vargas Vera Ana Elizabeth , Macías Arroyo Franklin 
Published: December 2024

La calidad de la educación es un eje prioritario en nuestra sociedad. Los Objetivos de Desarrollo sostenible (ODS) nos informa que para el 2030 unos 300 millones de niños y jóvenes tendrán falencias en sus conocimientos de matemáticas. Por lo tanto, se requiere contar con profesores de matemáticas competente, tanto en conocimiento de matemática como conocimientos pedagógicos, que permita asegurar los resultados positivos en el desempeño de los estudiantes afectados por diversos factores extrínsecos como intrínsecos. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo presentar como ha sido la evolución de los desafíos para los profesores de matemáticas por reunir los conocimientos del área y ser competentes en su profesión. En Los resultados obtenidos se logro determinar 3 principales factores, el primero que corresponde a la formación estándar, diseñadas propiamente para el docente en matemáticas como TPACK, Technology, Pedagogy, and Content Knowledge (TPACK), El segundo constructo lo encontramos en su desarrollo profesional desde la perspectiva de la educación STEM/STEAM como modelo integral de la formación y el tercer constructo encontramos la formación como docente.
AVALIAÇÃO DE ESTRESSE E SÍNDROME DE BURNOUT EM PROFISSIONAIS DA EDUCAÇÃO EM ESCOLA PÚBLICA DE BELO HORIZONTE
Authors: Guedes Durães Letícia , de Oliveira Martins Rosa Laura , Fialho Batalha Murilo , Faria Turmin Caixeta Arthur , Gonçalves Barcelos Carolina , Almeida Muratori Daniel , Victor Baroni Neves João , Fernanda Sampaio de Moura Maria , Andrade Figueiredo Marina , Da Cunha Pinto Colares Marina , Nobre da Cunha Rafael 
Published: December 2024

Introdução: A realidade socioeconômica e cultural da sociedade brasileira tem consequências diretas no sistema educacional público, transmutando sua função primordial. Os educadores estão sujeitos a demandas que são maiores do que as possibilitadas pela sua formação e pelo seu preparo emocional. Eles estão sujeitos a um ambiente estressor crônico de trabalho, o que pode evoluir para um ciclo degenerativo de sua saúde, com o possível desenvolvimento de altos níveis de estresse e/ou da Síndrome de Burnout, repercutindo na saúde individual, no sistema público de saúde e no processo educacional. Objetivo: Avaliar a saúde mental dos profissionais da educação que trabalham na rede pública de Belo Horizonte, quantificando o desenvolvimento de sintomas clínicos e subclínicos da Síndrome de Burnout. Método: Pesquisa observacional analítica, de caráter transversal. A coleta dos dados utilizou: Inventário de Sintomas de Stress, Questionário Preliminar de Identificação da Síndrome de Burnout e um formulário de delimitação de perfil. Esses instrumentos foram aplicados em importante escola da rede estadual de Minas Gerais, a professores e colaboradores. Resultados: Dos 45 participantes da pesquisa, 60% relataram adjetivos negativos ao se referirem à sua saúde mental. 66% deles relataram estarem satisfeitos com seu ambiente de trabalho e 7 profissionais afirmaram se sentirem ameaçados nele. Um total de 76% da amostra apresenta fase inicial ou instalação do quadro de Síndrome de Burnout. Conclusão: É urgente a implementação de medidas preventivas e terapêuticas que minimizem as consequências do quadro de Burnout, em prol da saúde pública e de garantir um ambiente educacional saudável e produtivo.
Palavras-chave: Estresse Ocupacional; Síndrome do Esgotamento; Professores Escolares
Custo-efetividade do tratamento da isquemia crônica ameaçadora ao membro
Authors: Mendes Pinto Daniel , Pereira Freire Silvia , Aparecida de Oliveira Juliana , Da Glória Rodrigues-Machado Maria 
Published: December 2024

Introdução: A doença arterial obstrutiva de membros inferiores é caracterizada por altos custos de tratamento e uso intensivo de recursos. As análises de custo-efetividade são importantes para comparação entre os tratamentos de pacientes com isquemia crítica ameaçadora ao membro (CLTI). Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar custo-efetividade dos tratamentos conservador, endovascular e cirúrgico em pacientes com CLTI. Método: Foi feita análise de dados de pacientes com CLTI tratados entre janeiro de 2020 e dezembro de 2021. Os pacientes foram tratados de maneira conservadora, endovascular e cirúrgica. Foram analisados dados referentes ao tempo de internação e custo do tratamento hospital. Resultados: Foram tratados 220 pacientes, 14 de maneira conservadora, 158 por via endovascular, 34 por cirurgia de revascularização e em 14 inicialmente por tentativa endovascular e tratamento cirúrgico na mesma internação. O custo por membro preservado do tratamento endovascular foi de USD 3813, do tratamento cirúrgico de USD 5939 e do tratamento endoscular+cirúrgico de USD 15779 (p<0,01). A razão de custo-efetividade incremental do tratamento cirúrgico em comparação ao endovascular foi de USD 2291 e do tratamento endovascular+cirúrgico em comparação ao endovascular foi de USD – 1001. Conclusão: A realização de cirurgias após a falência de angioplastias leva a aumento do custo sem aumento respectivo dos resultados.
საზოგადოება „შევარდენი“ როგორც კულტუროლოგიური ფენომენი და გერონტი ქიქოძის ერთი ნაშრომი
Authors: კუჭუხიძე გოჩა 
Published: December 2024

The work provides discussion of Sokol Society (sokol – falcon) estab­lished in Czechia by Miroslav Tyrš and Jindřich Fügner and similar public movement named Shevardeni (meaning of this Georgian word is also falcon) established by Giorgi Nikoladze, Giorgi Egnatashvili, Gaioz Berelashvili, Davit Javrishvili, Tamar Nikoladze etc. According to the article, just like So­kol, Shevardeni was not a purely sports society and its purpose was disse­mi­nation of the moral-oriented philosophy and original esthetics related to many arts (painting, poetry, choreography, music...), members of the Society were closely related to the spheres of medicine, social and political sciences. Similar to Sokol, worldview of Shevardeni was mentally close to the ancient Hellenic world, in particular, with Kalokagathia.
Shevardeni had time to publish quite limited literature, but these pub­lications demonstrate that many Georgian poets, musi­cians, painters, publi­cists (Shio Mgvimeli, Mikel Pataridze, Sezman Ertatsmindeli, Ioane Kipiani, Ivane Beridze, Evgeni Mikeladze, Va­le­rian Sidamon-Eristavi, Soso Aslanish­vili, Vano Pataridze, Ivane Machavariani...) collaborated with Shevardeni and esthetics, close to ancient Hellenic and Czech Sokol, gradually estab­lished in their art. For Shevardeni, similar to Sokol from Prague, revival of the national spirit was one of the main goals, Hellenic and Czech Sokol esthetics influenced members and followers of Shevardeni but they intended to develop this esthetics on the basis of Georgian national soil (they have created the Society’s anthem relying on the national spirit, also Georgian logotypes, national sportswear etc.). They had no time to fully realize their ideas. Shevardeni was founded in 1918 and, supposedly, for alleged nati­onalism, it was terminated by the Soviet government in 1922.
Magazines published by Shevardeni contained numerous ar­ticles that, regarding both, their contents and stylistics, were quite close to one of the works (“On Physical Upbringing”) by famous Georgian writer and politician Geronti Kikodze (1888-1960) pub­lished in 1919 (generally, this book was very popular in 20s in Georgia); it praises ancient Hellas and discusses the worldview that has the greatest influence on the ancient Greek philosophy, litera­ture and arts; Kikodze’s work mentioned Czech Sokol in very posi­tive context… In our opinion, in addition to the fact of existence of Sokol in Prague, the mentioned work by Geronti Kikodze has also contributed to emergence of the idea of creation of the society similar to Sokol in Georgia.
According to the main conclusion in the work, Georgian so­ciety She­vardeni existing in the period from 1918 to 1922 should not be regarded as a sports organization only and the history of its activities should be studied in the aspects of philosophy, fiction, many arts, medicine, political, social sciences etc.
Geospatial analysis of first, second, and third level hospitals in a surgical network in the low and middle income countries
Authors: Matei Ana , Mulliez Albane , Alexander Philip , Bhangu Aneel , Boumas Natacha , Gyamfi Frank Enoch , Hopane Nare , Isiagi Moses , Picciochi Maria , Okereke Chukwuma , Tubasiime Ronald , Nepogodiev Dmitri 
Published: December 2024

Introduction
Distance from a healthcare facility is a barrier in access to surgery. Methodologies to evaluate the population covered by a hospital are time consuming and costly. The aim of this study was to analyse the population density around hospitals to pragmatically evaluate their access while comparing differences between hospital types.

Methods
This analysis was conducted in the hospitals that participated in an international cohort study on inguinal hernia patients (HIPPO study). Hospitals located in low and middle income countries were eligible for inclusion and were classified as first-referral, secondary, tertiary level hospitals. For each hospital, location and GPS coordinates were reported in maps. The population density within a 5km, 40km and 80km radius was calculated. The medians and interquartile range of the population densities were calculated in two stages: considering each hospital and considering the number of patients recruited.

Results
This analysis included 326 hospitals: 38 first-referral, 84 secondary and 204 tertiary level hospitals. For the 5km distance, the population density increased from first referral to tertiary hospitals (median of population density 1776, 3439 and 6979, respectively). In 40km and 80km radius, the same trend was observed (351, 300 and 888 for 40km and 294, 197 and 462 for 80km). When adjusting and weighting the patients recruited for the study, the differences became more evident.

Discussion
This analysis showed that in less densely populated areas first-referral hospitals predominate. The methods described can be used in other studies to evaluate the population that can be covered by different healthcare facilities.
فاعلية القانون الدولي الإنساني في تنظيم الحرب السيبرانية
Authors: خالد رفيف طلال 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Cyber ​​warfare is a natural consequence of the technological revolution of the 21st century, which has been a revolution without borders. Cyber ​​warfare poses an increasing threat to the civilian infrastructure of states before their military ones, such as the health care sector and electricity systems. These attacks cause damage that may even disrupt essential services. Although international humanitarian law does not specifically mention cyber-attacks, its principles can be applied to cyber warfare. Cyber ​​warfare is characterized by the lack of clear geographical boundaries and the difficulty of identifying the source of attacks, which complicates the process of conventional deterrence and makes it difficult to apply the rules of conventional warfare directly. Here, the international community must adapt and update the rules of international humanitarian law to include cyber-attacks more clearly, taking into account the unique characteristics of cyberspace. International cooperation and information exchange between states should also be strengthened to confront cyber threats. This cooperation should include improving the ability to detect attacks and developing integrated defense strategies.
Keywords: International Humanitarian Law, Cyber Warfare, Cyber Attacks, International Cooperation, Critical Infrastructure.
Concepciones de los profesores sobre la enseñanza del uso sostenible del agua en educación media. El Paujil Caquetá, amazonía colombiana
Authors: Flórez Sterling Jalber , Suárez Arias Alba Leonilde , García Capdevilla Diana Alí 
Published: December 2024

En el contexto actual, un reto de la humanidad consiste en preservar el agua para que todas las personas puedan acceder a ella en condiciones de potabilidad. Sin embargo, la disponibilidad y la sostenibilidad del agua está expuesta a una alta presión antrópica en todo el mundo. En sintonía con lo anterior, la investigación tiene como objetivo identificar las concepciones que posee el profesorado del nivel de educación media de la Institución Educativa Agroecológico Amazónico sobre la enseñanza del uso sostenible del agua, con la intención de satisfacer las necesidades de la sociedad y mantener la integridad del ciclo hidrológico. Con fundamento en una investigación cualitativa y el método denominado estudio de caso se pretende indagar a través de la revisión documental y entrevistas, las concepciones sobre el uso sostenible del agua que tienen 12 profesores de esta institución ubicada en el municipio de El Paujil Caquetá, Amazonia colombiana. Así, la investigación contribuye a la caracterización de las concepciones de los docentes y al reconocimiento de oportunidades desde la Educación Ambiental tales como la promoción de una cultura ecológica que favorezca el desarrollo de la sociedad sin alterar el ciclo hídrico y los ecosistemas que dependan de éste.
Propuesta de un modelo de procesos de gestión del conocimiento para las organizaciones empresariales
Authors: Castellano Narciso José Ever , Otero Tapia Amalio Segundo , Vega Guerrero Juan Camilo 
Published: December 2024

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo desarrollar un nuevo modelo enfocado en los Procesos de Gestión del Conocimiento organizacional con el fin de identificar las ventajas competitivas que todo el proceso genera para la organización al desarrollar el nuevo conocimiento. En primera instancia se da a conocer a nivel general las fases del conocimiento con sus respectivos elementos y posteriormente se hace un análisis detallado con cada una de las fases según la clasificación propuesta por los autores más representativos. De igual manera, se describe la metodología utilizada para cumplir con el objetivo propuesto al igual que los resultados obtenidos con la consulta a los expertos en Procesos de Gestión del Conocimiento para valorar el modelo. Finalmente, se propone un nuevo modelo con nueve fases que enfocan el Proceso de Gestión del Conocimiento y que identifica las ventajas competitivas del nuevo conocimiento en la organización, así como las conclusiones de la investigación.
Retos del derecho laboral colectivo en tiempos de Covid-19: obstáculo o garante de cambio: Una mirada jurídica e internacional de su alcance y rango de aplicación en Colombia
Authors: Guerrero Salcedo Sandy Patricia , Palacios Rozo Jairo Jamith , Ruíz Nieves Marco Antonio 
Published: December 2024

Este artículo presenta un análisis socio jurídico de la influencia internacional que tiene el derecho laboral colectivo en Colombia frente a las condiciones generadas por el Covid-19. Mediante un estudio descriptivo correlacional se determinaron los retos que afronta esta área del derecho frente a las disposiciones y tendencia internacionales que se han presentado durante la adaptación de todos los sectores productivos y estatales a la pandemia. Con él se pretende: 1. Exponer el desarrollo del derecho laboral colectivo a nivel internacional y su influencia en el desarrollo de este derecho en Colombia. 2. Describir la influencia que tiene la Organización Internacional del Trabajo en la evolución de este derecho en Colombia. 3. Determinar las tendencias de adaptación al cambio del derecho laboral colectivo en el mundo laboral en los nuevos escenarios de interacción generados por la pandemia. 4. Relacionar algunas reflexiones y retos del derecho laboral colectivo colombiano en un mundo que presenta profundas transformaciones en términos laborales. Los resultados del análisis revelan que el derecho laboral colectivo nace como consecuencia de la desprotección que tenían los trabajadores frente a los empleadores en toda la cadena histórica; pero que los precedentes de protección internacional han sido fundamentales para el desarrollo del marco normativo vigente; sin embargo, su aplicabilidad está afrontando grandes cambios que serán determinantes para su existencia o extinción.