bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Orthopedic Metal Artifact Reduction Application in Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography Reconstruction of Spinal Instrumentation: A Single Saudi Center Experience
Authors: Ali Amir Monir 
Published: March 2018

Aim of the Study:
The aim of the study was to evaluate the commercially available orthopedic metal artifact reduction (OMAR) technique in postoperative three-dimensional computed tomography (3DCT) reconstruction studies after spinal instrumentation and to investigate its clinical application.

Materials and Methods:
One hundred and twenty (120) patients with spinal metallic implants were included in the study. All had 3DCT reconstruction examinations using the OMAR software after obtaining the informed consents and approval of the Institution Ethical Committee. The degree of the artifacts, the related muscular density, the clearness of intermuscular fat planes, and definition of the adjacent vertebrae were qualitatively evaluated. The diagnostic satisfaction and quality of the 3D reconstruction images were thoroughly assessed.

Results:
The majority (96.7%) of 3DCT reconstruction images performed were considered satisfactory to excellent for diagnosis. Only 3.3% of the reconstructed images had rendered unacceptable diagnostic quality.

Conclusion:
OMAR can effectively reduce metallic artifacts in patients with spinal instrumentation with highly diagnostic 3DCT reconstruction images.
Endoscopic Diagnosis of Cholecystogastric Fistula
Authors: Bodh Vishal , Sharma Rajesh , Sharma Brij 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTBiliary fistulas occur in 3%–5% of patients with gallstones. Duodenum is the most common site of fistulation. We report a case of elderly female with chronic calculous cholecystitis complicated by cholecystogastric fistula. The diagnosis of cholecystogastric fistula was made incidentally on esophagogastroduodenoscopy.
Application of 2015 American Gastroenterological Association Guidelines On a Retrospective Cohort of Patients with Asymptomatic Pancreatic Cysts: Can We Truly Forego Endoscopic Ultrasound?
Authors: Kumar Krishnan , Anam Omer , Ali Raza , Ross Miller A , Dina Mody R , Kumar Krishnan 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Objective: Asymptomatic pancreatic cysts are frequently diagnosed on cross-sectional imaging. Recently, the American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) has put forth guidelines regarding management of these cysts. To date, there is no strong data to indicate whether these guidelines will accurately identify malignancy and mitigate unnecessary endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) procedures. The aim of this investigation was to apply the 2015 AGA guidelines to a retrospective cohort of asymptomatic pancreatic cysts in a large regional referral center. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of patients with asymptomatic pancreatic cysts who underwent EUS with fine-needle aspiration (FNA) over a 3-year period. We applied current AGA guidelines to determine how many EUS procedures would be avoided, and further assessed whether the guidelines adequately identified cases of malignancy. Results: Forty-five patients were identified who underwent EUS FNA for an asymptomatic pancreatic cyst from 2011 to 2014. The mean age was 65 years, and the mean size cyst size was 2.8 cm. According to the 2015 AGA guidelines, EUS was indicated in 13 of the 45 patients and surveillance imaging in the remaining 32 patients. 3 of these 32 patients had atypical cytology on EUS FNA, and final histology showed adenocarcinoma in 2 patients and IMPN with high-grade dysplasia in 1 patient. Conclusion: Applying AGA guidelines in this study cohort would have prevented 32 out of 45 (71%) EUS procedures; however, 3 of these 32 patients had early occult malignancy. This data suggest that additional strategies are needed to identify those patients at high risk.
A global space-based stratospheric aerosol climatology: 1979–2016
Authors: Thomason Larry W. , Ernest Nicholas , Millán Luis , Rieger Landon , Bourassa Adam , Vernier Jean-Paul , Manney Gloria , Luo Beiping , Arfeuille Florian , Peter Thomas 
Published: March 2018

Abstract. We describe the construction of a continuous 38-year record of stratospheric
aerosol optical properties. The Global Space-based Stratospheric Aerosol
Climatology, or GloSSAC, provided the input data to the construction of the
Climate Model Intercomparison Project stratospheric aerosol forcing data set
(1979–2014) and we have extended it through 2016 following an identical
process. GloSSAC focuses on the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment
(SAGE) series of instruments through mid-2005, and on the Optical
Spectrograph and InfraRed Imager System (OSIRIS) and the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar
and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) data thereafter. We
also use data from other space instruments and from ground-based, air, and
balloon borne instruments to fill in key gaps in the data set. The end result
is a global and gap-free data set focused on aerosol extinction coefficient
at 525 and 1020 nm and other parameters on an “as available” basis. For
the primary data sets, we developed a new method for filling the
post-Pinatubo eruption data gap for 1991–1993 based on data from the
Cryogenic Limb Array Etalon Spectrometer. In addition, we developed a new
method for populating wintertime high latitudes during the SAGE period
employing a latitude-equivalent latitude conversion process that greatly
improves the depiction of aerosol at high latitudes compared to earlier
similar efforts. We report data in the troposphere only when and where it is
available. This is primarily during the SAGE II period except for the most
enhanced part of the Pinatubo period. It is likely that the upper troposphere
during Pinatubo was greatly enhanced over non-volcanic periods and that
domain remains substantially under-characterized. We note that aerosol levels
during the OSIRIS/CALIPSO period in the lower stratosphere at mid- and high
latitudes is routinely higher than what we observed during the SAGE II
period. While this period had nearly continuous low-level volcanic activity,
it is possible that the enhancement in part reflects deficiencies in the data
set. We also expended substantial effort to quality assess the data set and
the product is by far the best we have produced. GloSSAC version 1.0 is
available in netCDF format at the NASA Atmospheric Data Center at
https://eosweb.larc.nasa.gov/. GloSSAC users should cite this paper and
the data set DOI (https://doi.org/10.5067/GloSSAC-L3-V1.0).
Technical note: False low turbidity readings from optical probes during high suspended-sediment concentrations
Authors: Voichick Nicholas , Topping David J. , Griffiths Ronald E. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract. Turbidity, a measure of water clarity, is monitored for a variety of purposes
including (1) to help determine whether water is safe to drink, (2) to
establish background conditions of lakes and rivers and detect pollution
caused by construction projects and stormwater discharge, (3) to study
sediment transport in rivers and erosion in catchments, (4) to manage
siltation of water reservoirs, and (5) to establish connections with aquatic
biological properties, such as primary production and predator–prey
interactions. Turbidity is typically measured with an optical probe that
detects light scattered from particles in the water. Probes have defined
upper limits of the range of turbidity that they can measure. The general
assumption is that when turbidity exceeds this upper limit, the values of
turbidity will be constant, i.e., the probe is “pegged”; however, this
assumption is not necessarily valid. In rivers with limited variation in the
physical properties of the suspended sediment, at lower suspended-sediment
concentrations, an increase in suspended-sediment concentration will cause
a linear increase in turbidity. When the suspended-sediment concentration in
these rivers is high, turbidity levels can exceed the upper measurement limit
of an optical probe and record a constant “pegged” value. However, at
extremely high suspended-sediment concentrations, optical turbidity probes do
not necessarily stay “pegged” at a constant value. Data from
the Colorado
River in Grand Canyon, Arizona, USA, and a laboratory experiment both
demonstrate that when turbidity exceeds instrument-pegged conditions,
increasing suspended-sediment concentration (and thus increasing turbidity)
may cause optical probes to record decreasing “false” turbidity values that
appear to be within the valid measurement range of the probe. Therefore,
under high-turbidity conditions, other surrogate measurements of turbidity
(e.g., acoustic-attenuation measurements or suspended-sediment samples) are
necessary to correct these low false turbidity measurements and accurately
measure turbidity.
Mapping (dis)agreement in hydrologic projections
Authors: Melsen Lieke A. , Addor Nans , Mizukami Naoki , Newman Andrew J. , Torfs Paul J. J. F. , Clark Martyn P. , Uijlenhoet Remko , Teuling Adriaan J. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract. Hydrologic projections are of vital socio-economic importance. However, they are also prone to uncertainty. In order to establish a meaningful range of storylines to support water managers in decision making, we need to reveal the relevant sources of uncertainty. Here, we systematically and extensively investigate uncertainty in hydrologic projections for 605 basins throughout the contiguous US. We show that in the majority of the basins, the sign of change in average annual runoff and discharge timing for the period 2070–2100 compared to 1985–2008 differs among combinations of climate models, hydrologic models, and parameters. Mapping the results revealed that different sources of uncertainty dominate in different regions. Hydrologic model induced uncertainty in the sign of change in mean runoff was related to snow processes and aridity, whereas uncertainty in both mean runoff and discharge timing induced by the climate models was related to disagreement among the models regarding the change in precipitation. Overall, disagreement on the sign of change was more widespread for the mean runoff than for the discharge timing. The results demonstrate the need to define a wide range of quantitative hydrologic storylines, including parameter, hydrologic model, and climate model forcing uncertainty, to support water resource planning.
O ENSINO DE MATEMÁTICA POR MEIO DAS TECNOLOGIAS DIGITAIS
Authors: Pereira Stelamara Souza , Chagas Flomar Ambrosina Oliveira 
Published: March 2018

Este trabalho apresenta o produto educacional de uma pesquisa de dissertação do Programa de Mestrado Profissional do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Goiás, Câmpus Jataí. O produto foi um curso intitulado Redação Matemática como estratégia de ensino na prática pedagógica com carga horária de 120 horas, realizado durante quatro meses, para professores que lecionavam Matemática no Ensino Fundamental, da educação infantil ao 9º ano, do município de Doverlândia-GO. O objetivo foi desenvolver um trabalho com professores sobre novas possibilidades de comunicação, destacando a Redação Matemática, por meio de Histórias em Quadrinhos, Carta e Diário, como estratégia de ensino na prática pedagógica, permitindo que os alunos explorassem os conteúdos matemáticos, que possibilitassem a eles se expressarem, se auto avaliarem e que se compreendessem os significados dos conceitos estudados nas aulas de Matemática. Por fim, importante o uso da Redação Matemática na prática pedagógica, sua aplicabilidade e sua potencialidade, das tecnologias digitais como uma ferramenta para o aprendizado, visto que os participantes se dedicaram às atividades propostas, mesmo diante dos desafios da carga horária excessiva, do deslocamento do campo para a cidade e das precárias condições dos laboratórios de informática.
SISTEMA DE EDUCAÇÃO BRASILEIRO: REAJUSTES E LIMITES
Authors: Silva Suely Dos Santos , Silva Halline Mariana Santos 
Published: March 2018

RESUMO: Esta pesquisa aborda as mudanças propostas pelo sistema educacional brasileiro para o Ensino Médio, cujos debates iniciaram na década de 1990 e ainda estão sendo discutidas neste primeiro semestre de 2017. Há um elemento recorrente que se coloca na contemporaneidade e que ocorre quer se queira, quer não se queira. Esse elemento diz respeito à noção, como construção subjetiva, e à utilização, como necessidade prática, da possibilidade de ascensão social pela escolaridade. Ao menos nas sociedades ocidentais, essa condição anima os segmentos médios já há muito tempo. Na segunda metade do século XX, esse anseio passou a animar intensamente também os brasileiros. A educação escolar configura-se a partir de então, como uma arena de disputas de interesses. O objetivo desse estudo é demonstrar os nexos que estão por trás de reformas desse tipo e revelar as contradições nas ações dos agentes que se encarregam de executar estes ajustes. Os grupos no poder animam-se com a possibilidade de fazer valer seus interesses e objetivos. As disputas políticas impactam nas reformas à medida que os agentes são modificados e os interesses que representam são alterados. Portanto, são os interesses não conciliáveis dos grupos no poder que inviabilizam e/ou retardam as reformas. O texto aponta que as disputas presentes nas reformas de ensino, especialmente quando estas implicarão em interesses particulares dos grupos no poder, fazem com que elas sejam ainda mais acirradas e tendem a demorar mais tempo para que a negociação ocorra. Sendo a descontinuidade dos agentes um fator determinante para que o processo se dê de forma mais demorada, se arraste, ou nem ocorra. As autoras concluem que, os limites da reforma do Ensino Médio iniciada da década de 1990, tendo atravessado a década de 2010 sendo debatida, e pode finalizar 2020 sem que tenha sido concluída, são gigantescos. Quem sabe em um governo de fato popular, as modificações se concretizem tendo os estudantes e suas necessidades e interesses considerados, e eles como protagonistas.
Filling the Hole in Sense: Between Art and Philosophy
Authors: Innis Robert E. 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT
John Dewey argued in his Art as Experience that the significance of art as experience was of incomparable importance for the adventure of philosophical thought. He claimed that while both move in the medium of imaginative mind, art provides a “unique control” for the “imaginative ventures of philosophy.” In this article I examine, relying on a range of sources, some pivotal implications of this claim and especially how various forms of art and aesthetic experience can exemplify and further ways of formulating, presenting, and critically engaging focal issues, both methodological and substantive, of the tasks of philosophy. The originary context of philosophy is agonistic, wresting meaning from the noise of meaninglessness or discerning order in a seeming world of chaos, not merely that of winning an argument. Both philosophy and art have attempted to fill a “hole in sense” by various practices, discursive in the case of philosophy and nondiscursive or “presentational” in the case of art. But art forms offer us models for a plurality of philosophical approaches to the task of enabling us to maintain and restore our existential and experiential balance within what Dewey called the “moving unbalanced balance of things.”
Border Arte Philosophy: Altogether Beyond Philosophy
Authors: Tuana Nancy , Scott Charles 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT
We are concerned with borders and their crucial importance in people's lives. Throughout we place emphasis on liberatory critique and knowledge and on the importance of the forces lineages exercise in the ways we live. How might we speak of whatever is bordered and allow that of which we speak its manifest differences? How are we able to engage differences and maintain our own differences? How might we, as philosophers, speak philosophically about what is beyond philosophy? Such speaking would constitute an art, a philosophical art, that is guided by unspeakable differences. After developing the concepts of border, in-between, sensibility, and mutations of lineages, we turn to Gloria Anzaldúa's accounts of border awareness and her experiences of it. Through an engagement with her account of nepantla, we offer reflections on the force that “beyond” can have in the happenings of liberatory philosophies. In doing so, we emphasize her conceptions of border arte and her manner of bringing it to expression. In that process we find parts of Alejandro Vallega's work helpful in elaborating radical exteriority, fluid margins, and “ana-chronic” sensibilities. We are engaging a philosophical understanding that gives us bridges that provide thresholds beyond philosophy.
AVALIAÇÃO DE CICLO DE VIDA DA ENERGIA EÓLICA OFFSHORE: UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA
Authors: Gomes Mateus Sant'anna de Souza , Moris Virgínia Aparecida da Silva , Nunes Andréa Oliveira 
Published: March 2018

O fornecimento de produtos e serviços à sociedade contribui para um vasto número de impactos ambientais. Os impactos ambientais incluem emissões de poluentes no meio ambiente e o consumo de recursos naturais, assim como outros impactos, como a ocupação de terra urbana, etc. A avaliação de ciclo de vida (ACV) é uma técnica para avaliar os impactos ambientais de um determinado produto ou sistema. O objetivo deste artigo é realizar uma revisão sistemática da existente literatura de ACV da energia eólica offshore. A triagem de aproximadamente 430 artigos de avaliação de impactos ambientais da energia eólica offshore, resultou em 18 artigos sobre avaliação de ciclo de vida. O artigo apresenta uma visão geral dos principais parâmetros considerados nestes estudos. Este estudo concluiu que o grande número de estimativas de ACV para energia eólica onshore, não se reflete na energia eólica offshore. Entretanto, em comparação com estudos realizados, pode-se notar que os parâmetros e resultados utilizados pela indústria offshore, são muito similares aos da indústria onshore. Palavras-chave: Avaliação de ciclo de vida, Energia eólica offshore, Revisão bibliométrica sistemática.
GERAÇÃO DE ELETRICIDADE A PARTIR DE SORO DE QUEIJO UTILIZANDO UMA CÉLULA DE COMBUSTÍVEL MICROBIANA
Authors: Mayen Maria De Los Angeles Garcia , Araújo Ana Carolina Vieira , Do Prado Pierre Ferreira , Carvalho Cleoni Dos Santos , Duarte Iolanda Crisitina Silveira 
Published: March 2018

Neste estudo foi investigada a possibilidade de geração de eletricidade a partir do soro de queijo diluído em uma célula combustível microbiana (CCM) de duas câmeras sem mediadores. A CCM 1 foram inoculadas com lodo anaeróbio de lagoa de estabilização usada no tratamento de efluentes de abatedouro de aves e CCM 2 inoculada com sedimento de um rio. As CCM foram operadas por 21 dias em temperatura ambiente e foram monitoradas quanto à geração de corrente elétrica. Durante a operação das CCM 1 e CCM 2 a corrente elétrica máxima foi de 0,285 mA e 0,256 mA, a densidade de potência de 0,60 mW.m-2 e 0,50 mW.m-2 e remoção de DQO de 88% e 85%, respectivamente. Palavras-chave: Bioenergia, Água residuária, Inóculos.
THE IMPACT OF RENEWABLE ENERGY CONSUMPTION ON CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS - THE CASE OF SOUTH AMERICAN COUNTRIES
Authors: Koengkan Matheus Da Costa , Fuinhas José Alberto 
Published: March 2018

The impact of renewable energy consumption on the carbon dioxide emissions was analyzed for a panel of ten South American countries in a period from 1980 to 2012. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag Methodology was used in order to decompose the total effect of renewable energy consumption on the carbon dioxide emissions in its short- and long-run components. The results indicate that the consumption of renewable energy reduce the carbon dioxide emissions in -0.0420 % when the consumption of alternative sources increases in 1% in short-run. The empirical evidence shows that the renewable consumption plays an important role in reducing CO2 emissions and that the economic growth and energy consumption in the South American countries are still based on fossil fuels. Keywords: Environmental, Energy economics, Econometric.
Entre livros e leitores: o catálogo de obras da Biblioteca do Gabinete de Leitura de Jundiaí.
Authors: Oliveira Paulo Henrique 
Published: March 2018

O presente artigo objetiva apresentar o trabalho metodológico e quantitativo desenvolvido com o catálogo de obras do Gabinete de Leitura de Jundiaí. A pesquisa baseou-se na catalogação e ordenação do catálogo com referência à Classificação Decimal Dewey (CDD). Essa classificação possibilitou observar aspectos qualitativos, como as preferências de leitura dos sócios e frequentadores do Gabinete de Leitura, revelando ainda um universo de circulação de livros, de práticas de leitura e um breve panorama do campo editorial brasileiro, nas primeiras décadas da República 1910/1930.
Belle Fourche River-Cheyenne River Drainage Divide Area in the Wyoming Powder River Basin Analyzed by Topographic Map Interpretation Methods, USA
Authors: Clausen Eric 
Published: March 2018

The dearth of scientific literature in which specific erosional landform origins are determined is an example of what Thomas Kuhn considered a scientific crisis. Scientific crises arise when scientists following their discipline’s established paradigm’s rules, or doing what Kuhn calls normal science, cannot explain observed evidence. Scientific crises are resolved in one of three ways. Normal science may eventually explain the evidence and normal science returns, the unsolved problems may be identified and labeled and left for future scientists to solve, or a new paradigm may emerge with an ensuing battle over its acceptance. To succeed any new paradigm must demonstrate its ability to explain the previously unexplained evidence and also open up new research opportunities. During the 20th century’s first half regional geomorphologists abiding by their discipline’s paradigm rules unsuccessfully tried to explain origins of numerous erosional landforms, such as drainage divides and erosional escarpments. Their failures eventually caused the regional geomorphology discipline, at least that part of the discipline concerned with determining specific erosional landform origins, to almost completely disappear. A new and fundamentally different geomorphology paradigm that requires massive southeast-oriented continental ice sheet melt-water floods to have flowed across the Powder River Basin has the ability to explain specific erosional landform origins and is demonstrated here by using detailed topographic map evidence to show how large southeast-oriented floods eroded the Powder River Basin’s Belle Fourche River-Cheyenne River drainage divide segment, eroded through valleys now crossing that drainage divide segment, eroded the Powder River Basin’s Belle Fourche River valley, established Belle Fourche and Cheyenne River Powder River Basin tributary valley orientations, and eroded the north-facing Pine Ridge Escarpment. The success of this and other similar new paradigm demonstrations suggest many if not all specific erosional landform origins can be determined.
Cuentos de vacaciones: La literatura de ficción de Santiago Ramón y Cajal
Authors: Collado-Vázquez Susana , Carrillo Jesús María 
Published: March 2018

Santiago Ramón y Cajal, padre de la neurociencia, obtuvo el Premio Nobel de Medicina en 1906 por su teoría neuronal. Además de ser un gran histólogo, investigador y docente, mostró interés por la fotografía, la filosofía, la astronomía, el ajedrez y la hipnosis. Escribió obras científicas y biográficas muy relevantes así como los Cuentos de vacaciones. Narraciones pseudocientíficas, cinco relatos con finalidad pedagógica en los que se mezclan conceptos científicos, ficción, algo de ironía y donde siempre están presentes el microscopio y la microbiología. Los relatos plantean dilemas sociales o morales de difícil solución motivados por avances de la ciencia o por una incorrecta educación científica de la población. Cajal pretendía mejorar esa educación y desterrar falsas creencias y supersticiones.