bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two New Compounds from Wedelia chinensis and Their Anti‐inflammatory Activities
Authors: Zhong Yuan‐Lin , Zhang Yu‐Bo , Luo Ding , Niu Qian‐Wen , Qin Juan , He Li‐Jun , Li Yao‐Lan , Wang Guo‐Cai 
Published: April 2018

AbstractTwo new compounds, 3α‐cinnamoyloxy‐15β,16β‐epoxy‐17‐hydroxy‐ent‐kauran‐19‐oic acid (1) and 4,5‐di‐O‐caffeoylquinic acid butyl ester (2), along with thirteen known compounds, 3α‐tigeloyloxy‐9β‐hydroxy‐ent‐kaura‐16‐en‐19‐oic aicd (3), 4,5‐di‐O‐caffeoylquinic acid methyl ester (4), 3,4‐di‐O‐caffeoylquinic acid me‐ thyl ester (5), 3,4‐di‐O‐caffeoylquinic acid butyl ester (6), 3‐O‐caffeoylquinic acid butyl ester (7), methyl caffeate (8), epifriedelanol (9), β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐3‐O‐[β‐D‐xylopyranosyl‐(1→2)‐β‐D‐glucuro‐nopyranosyl] oleanolate (10), stigmasterol (11), stigmasterol‐3‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (12), kaempferol‐3‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (13), 7‐methoxyl‐kaempferol‐3‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (14), isoquercetin‐ 3‐O‐β‐D‐glucoside (15) were isolated from the whole plant of Wedelia chinensis (Compositae). Compounds 3–15 were isolated from this plant for the first time. Their structures were elucidated by extensive analyses of the spectroscopic data (IR, UV, HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR) and physicochemical properties. All of isolated compounds were evaluated for the anti‐inflammatory activity on LPS‐stimulated RAW264.7 cells. All tested compounds displayed inhibitory effects on LPS‐stimulated NO production, with IC50 values ranging from 6.45 ± 0.26 μM to 95.02 ± 2.54 μM.
Tween 20‐Assisted Synthesis of Uniform Mesoporous Silica Nanospheres with Wormhole Porosity for Efficient Intracellular Curcumin Delivery
Authors: Maqbool Qysar , Chanchal Abhishek , Srivastava Aasheesh 
Published: April 2018

AbstractWe report a green and straightforward protocol to prepare uniform mesoporous silica nanospheres (MSNs) as well as core/shell‐like spherical particles by utilizing small amounts of Tween 20, a biocompatible and biodegradable surfactant. Due to small amount of surfactant employed in the synthesis, these MSNs can be easily purified and readily dispersed in water. TEM analysis showed presence of wormhole‐like framework‐confined mesoporosity along with high surface area (upto 250 m2/g) in these MSNs. Size‐tunability of these nanospheres was achieved by simple variation of the ethanol:water ratio during the synthesis. Powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and low angle XRD, respectively, showed amorphous nature and similar pore ordering for all the samples prepared using this protocol. These MSNs showed effective, post‐synthetic uptake of model hydrophobic drug curcumin to yield stable aqueous dispersions. High biocompatibility and ready internalization by mammalian cells mainly through clathrin‐independent, caveolae‐ and lipid raft‐mediated endocytosis was observed for these MSNs. Efficient intracellular delivery of curcumin using these MSNs was achieved in MDA‐MB‐231 (Breast cancer) cells. Thus, this work offers facile protocol for synthesis of uniform and biocompatible MSNs with promising drug delivery capabilities.
Investigation of DNA Binding Activities of Peripherally 2,10,16,24‐Tetrakis Dimethyl 5‐(Phenoxy)‐Isophthalate‐Substituted Ni(II) Phthalocyanine Complex
Authors: Arslantas Ali , Agirtas Mehmet Salih 
Published: April 2018

AbstractPeripherally 2, 10, 16, 24‐tetrakis dimethyl 5‐(phenoxy)‐isophthalate‐substituted Ni(II) phthalocyanine compound (Pc7) was previously synthesized and characterized. In this work, calf thymus DNA was used to specify DNA binding activities of Ni(II) phthalocyanine compound. DNA binding properties of Pc7 were studied using absorption titration, fluorescense spectroscopy, thermal melting temperature study, cyclic voltametry in a Tris‐HCl buffer solution. The results indicated that Pc7 can bind to CT‐DNA molecule through partial intercalation binding mechanisms. In addition to above methods, agarose gel electrophoresis and viscosity measurement were also conducted to confirm DNA binding activities activities of Pc7. The results of these methods indicated that Ni(II) phthalocyanine compound adheres to CT‐DNA partial intercalative binding mode. These results confirm that Ni(II) phthalocyanine compound may become potential therapeutic agent for cancerous cells due to its DNA binding features.
Structural selection and accuracy control of the large aperture fully steerable antenna
Authors: Liu Yan , Dai En‐bin 
Published: April 2018

SummaryTaking the 110 m fully steerable antenna structure to be built in the future as the research platform, in order to improve the main reflector surface precision, traditional antenna structure performance and its influence mechanism on surface precision are systematically analyzed. Aiming at the disadvantages of traditional structure, a new scheme for fully steerable antenna structure with high efficiency is proposed. Based on the established overall structure scheme and investigation for several kinds of antenna optimization methods, the genetic algorithm is introduced and a series of its typical operators are improved for cross section optimization of back frame structure. Finally, after conceptual optimization for structure system and size optimization for cross section of back frame structure, the innovative scheme improves the main reflector surface precision significantly and its maximum could be reduced to 0.306 mm. Compared with the largest exiting antenna structure Green Bank Telescope in the USA, the innovative scheme for fully steerable antenna structure proposed realizes that reflector area increases 10%, main reflector surface precision improves 12.6%, the total structure weight decreases 40%, and its performance reaches the international advanced level. These achievements provide reference for structural design, construction, maintenance, and surface precision analysis of this kind of fully steerable antennae.
The Role of Mentoring, Coaching, and Advising in Developing Leadership Identity
Authors: Priest Kerry L. , Kliewer Brandon W. , Hornung Marcia , Youngblood R. J. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractA changing world calls for leaders with the capacity for collaborative, socially responsible forms of leadership. The development of this capacity is connected to the growth of one's leadership identity. This chapter addresses how mentors, advisors, and coaches play a role in helping students formulate and grow in their leadership identity, and therefore their capacity for exercising leadership.
Perceived attachment security to parents and peer victimization: Does adolescent's aggressive behaviour make a difference?
Authors: Guedes Maryse , Santos António J. , Ribeiro Olívia , Freitas Miguel , Rubin Kenneth H. , Veríssimo Manuela 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTPeer victimization is one of the most prominent problems during adolescence. Research has distinguished aggressive and non‐aggressive victims; however, there are still significant drawbacks in understanding the social and family functioning of these different groups of victimized adolescents. This study aimed to compare social behavior and perceived attachment security to parents of Portuguese adolescents, classified as aggressive victims, non‐aggressive victims and non‐victims. The sample consisted of 222 adolescents (115 boys, 107 girls) who completed the Kerns Security Scale and the Extended Class Play, to assess perceived attachment security and social behavior, respectively. Controlling for age and sex, aggressive victims and non‐aggressive victims differed in anxious withdrawal but shared a similar profile in peer exclusion and prosocial behavior. Only aggressive victims reported lower attachment security to mother and father when compared to non‐victims. These findings underline that victimized adolescents constitute a heterogeneous group in terms of their social and family functioning.
Septic coxitis after an intramuscular injection in a young adult treated by two-steps total hip arthroplasty: a case report
Authors: Piolanti Nicola , Giuntoli Michele , Nucci Anna Maria , Bonicoli Enrico , Parchi Paolo Domenico , Scaglione Michelangelo 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Septic arthritis of the hip is a rare condition in adults and its treatment depends on symptoms duration: early onset of infection can be treated with open or arthroscopic debridement, while more aggressive surgery is required when articular damage takes place such as articular resection or total hip replacement (THA).

Presentation of case:
We report a case of a 30 year old man affect by septic arthritis of the hip after an intramuscular injection of diclofenac successfully treated with a two-steps THA.

Discussion:
In literature there aren’t many cases of septic arthritis of the hip developed after intramuscular injections. Early onset of infection can be treated with an accurate articular debridement, while chronic conditions are traditionally treated by resection arthroplasty.
However resection arhtroplasty gives to the patients a significant leg length discrepancy and, especially in young adults, a two-steps surgery with the implant of THA can lead to good results, as reported in recent case series published.

Conclusion:
In our experience two-stage total hip arthroplasty proved to be a reliable solution for septic arthritis of the hip and may be used in patient with severe joint damage.
Furthermore we want underline importance of correct anamnesis to make quickly the right diagnosis and provide the right treatment of septic arthritis of the hip also in difficult clinical cases.

Highlights:
Toward a theory of supply chain fields – understanding the institutional process of supply chain localization
Authors: Wu Zhaohui , Jia Fu 
Published: April 2018

AbstractWhen western multinational enterprises (MNEs) build end‐to‐end supply chains (SCs) to produce and distribute a product or deliver a service in emerging economies, the process is called supply chain localization. These companies encounter institutional environments with regulative, normative and cognitive characteristics very different from those in their home countries. SC localization uncovers and creates institutional voids; we argue that SC localization is a process of institutional change, requiring the MNE to build new institutional infrastructure. To the best of our knowledge, little is known about the institutional process of SC localization and its effects. We carry out a longitudinal case study to investigate SC localization of four MNEs in China. These MNEs are leaders of sustainable business practices in their industries, a distinction that highlights institutional voids in their SC settings. Based on the idea of fields in institutional theory, we build a mid‐range theory by introducing the notion of the supply chain field. Our study identifies and contextualizes the key elements of an SC field. It recognizes MNEs, government and semi‐government entities, and other participants as institutional actors who serve as architects and builders of the new SCs. We find that SC localization is an institutional process, taking place at both actor and field levels, where continuous ideation of new operations practices leads to structuring of the both the SC and SC field.
Unicompartmental knee replacement - An Underrated Alternative of Total Knee Replacement: A Matched Comparative Study Analysing Their Benefits and Risks in Local Population
Authors: Karson Tarn , Qun-Jid Lee , Yiu-Chung Wong 
Published: April 2018

Introduction The demand of knee arthroplasty is increasing worldwide with aging population. Even though unicompartmental knee replacement is associated with fewer complications namely stroke, myocardial infarction, thrombo-embolism, blood transfusion and mortality, it merely comprises 3–8% of knee arthroplasties. The aim of the study is to establish the role of unicompartmental knee replacement by evaluating the benefits and risks of unicompartmental knee replacement versus total knee replacement in Hong Kong population. Methods All unicompartmental knee replacement performed in our institute from 2011 to 2014 were reviewed. Comparative analyses were performed on pre-operative, operative and post-operative parameters. Primary total knee replacement performed in the same period was chosen as control group with 1:1 matching for age, sex, BMI and pre-operative range of motion. Results There were 46 unicompartmental knee replacement. It comprises 3.3% of all knee arthroplasties in our institute. The mean follow-up time was 12.8 months (4–38 months). There was no significant difference in all pre-operative parameters except WOMAC score. All operative parameters favored unicompartmental knee replacement significantly (operation time 76 vs 91 minutes; wound size 7.5 vs 12.4 cm; haemoglobin drop 0.75 vs 2.46g/dl, p < 0.05). Early post-operative parameters also favored unicompartmental knee replacement (Deep vein thrombosis rate 4.3 vs 23.9%; length of stay 5.4 vs 7.0 days, p < 0.05). There was no infection or mortality in both groups. Conclusion Because of less operative risk and faster rehabilitation, this study suggested that unicompartmental knee replacement is more cost effective and might be a better choice for patients with unicompartmental arthritis in local population.
Socio-Cultural Challenges of Family Planning Initiatives for Displaced Populations in Conflict Situations and Humanitarian Settings
Authors: Asgary Ramin , Price Joan T. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractProvision of family planning services for refugee populations in conflict and humanitarian settings has been improving. Availability of services, however, does not translate into acceptability and uptake; understanding socio-cultural settings and barriers is critical to ensure utilization of services. Misconceptions and apprehensions surrounding family planning services are common. Populations may see limiting pregnancies as counterproductive in light of high child mortality or suspicious in the context of ethnic violence; larger family size has the perceived advantage of additional security for the community or ethnic group, assistance with family duties in a subsistence structure, and a social service investment for parents as they age; and there may be religious and moral objections to contraception. Any service planning and implementation must take into account community perceptions and address socio-cultural contextual subtleties. Ongoing community education via local initiatives from within the refugee community, region-wide structural strategies for service implementation and sustainability, and efforts to reconcile reproductive rights and family planning services within the religious and social context are crucial. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2018;12:670-674)
Deliberating Life and Death: Paul's TragicDubitatioin Philippians 1:22–26
Authors: Holloway Paul A. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractDubitatiois a complex figure of speech in which a speaker explicitly weighs her or his options in the course of making a difficult decision.Dubitatiowas typically used to display a protagonist's character as revealed in her or his decision-making. In Philippians 1:22–26, Paul usesdubitatioto draw the readers into his deliberations whether to commit suicide in prison. In so doing, he not only reveals to them his own character but their character as well, in as much as it is their inordinate grief over his imprisonment that will ultimately determine Paul's decision.Dubitatiooccurs already in Homer, but it was made famous in Greek tragedy, where it largely defined the genre. The tragicdubitatiowas parodied in subsequent comedy and, by the Roman period, was beginning to appear in other genres, including political oratory, various poetic genres, history, and epistle. Paul's apt use ofdubitatioin Phil 1:22–26 shows an obvious familiarity with the figure. By attending to Paul's use ofdubitatioin Phil 1:22–26, we can arrive at a fresh and convincing interpretation of this challengingcrux interpretum.
Shamanism and efficacious exceptionalism
Authors: Blackwell Aaron D. , Purzycki Benjamin Grant 
Published: April 2018

AbstractShamans can have efficacy at healing through botanical remedies and in observational and advisory functions through cognitive strengths, while shamanic acts of strangeness are likely honest signals of these qualities. Given this potential for shamanic practices to have true efficacy and the capacity for honest signaling, we expect efficacy will influence the spread, persistence, and loss of shamanic practices.
Financial alchemists and financial shamans
Authors: Johnson Samuel G. B. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractProfessional money management appears to require little skill, yet its practitioners command astronomical salaries. Singh's theory of shamanism provides one possible explanation: Financial professionals are the shamans of the global economy. They cultivate the perception of superhuman traits, maintain grueling initiation rituals, and rely on esoteric divination rituals. An anthropological view of markets can usefully supplement economic and psychological approaches.
Comparative evidence of the consumption from fast-food restaurants between normal-weight and obese Saudi schoolchildren
Authors: Alturki Hmidan A , Brookes Denise SK , Davies Peter SW 
Published: April 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo provide an in-depth analysis of the relationship between obesity and fast-food consumption by comparing urban obese and normal-weight Saudi Arabian children.DesignA multicentre cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2015 to March 2016. Participants were divided into two groups (normal weight and obese) and further stratified by sex. Groups were randomly selected using a multistage stratified cluster-sampling technique. A self-paced questionnaire was used to collect data relating to food consumption. Weight height and waist circumference were measured and bioelectrical impedance analysis was performed in all children.SettingCapital of Saudi Arabia, Riyadh.SubjectsChildren aged 9·00–11·99 years (n 1023).ResultsCompared with normal-weight groups, intake frequency of fast food/week was higher among the obese groups (P<0·001), irrespective of fast-food consumption outside (P<0·001) or inside (P<0·001) the home; and larger portion sizes were preferred in obese groups (P<0·001). Families eating fast-food meals together was a protective factor against obesity (OR; 95 % CI: 2·67; 1·44, 4·96, P<0·001), with similar results for families ordering from a ‘healthy meals menu’ for their children (1·90; 1·24, 2·90, P=0·002). Taste of fast foods (P=0·021), child-friendly menu (P=0·020) and meal cost (P<0·001) were identified as main reasons why parents took their children to fast-food restaurants; these data were replicated for parents with obese boys, but not girls.ConclusionsDevelopment of effective interventions to reduce fast-food consumption in Saudi Arabian schoolchildren requires greater research-based evidence of fast-food consumption habits and practices associated with increased childhood obesity.
ANOTHER ARITHMETIC OF THE EVEN AND THE ODD
Authors: SCHACHT CELIA 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis article presents an axiom system for an arithmetic of the even and the odd, one that is stronger than those discussed in Pambuccian (2016) and Menn & Pambuccian (2016). It consists of universal sentences in a language extending the usual one with 0, 1, +, ·, <, – with the integer part of the half function$[{ \cdot \over 2}]$, and two unary operation symbols.
First Ionospheric Results From the MAVEN Radio Occultation Science Experiment (ROSE)
Authors: Withers Paul , Felici M. , Mendillo M. , Moore L. , Narvaez C. , Vogt M. F. , Jakosky B. M. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractRadio occultation observations of the ionosphere of Mars can span the full vertical extent of the ionosphere, in contrast to in situ measurements that rarely sample the main region of the ionosphere. However, most existing radio occultation electron density profiles from Mars were acquired without clear context for the solar forcing or magnetospheric conditions, which presents challenges for the interpretation of these profiles. Here we present 48 ionospheric electron density profiles acquired by the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN mission (MAVEN) Radio Occultation Science Experiment (ROSE) from 5 July 2016 to 27 June 2017 at solar zenith angles of 54° to 101°. Latitude coverage is excellent, and comprehensive context for the interpretation of these profiles is provided by other MAVEN instruments. The profiles show a 9‐km increase in ionospheric peak altitude in January 2017 that is associated with a lower atmospheric dust storm, variations in electron densities in the M1 layer that cannot be explained by variations in the solar soft X‐ray flux, and topside electron densities that are larger in strongly magnetized regions than in weakly magnetized regions. MAVEN Radio Occultation Science Experiment electron density profiles are publicly available on the NASA Planetary Data System.
Classification Accuracy of Teacher Ratings When Screening Nonmainstream English-Speaking Kindergartners for Language Impairment in the Rural South
Authors: Gregory Kyomi D. , Oetting Janna B. 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
We compared teacher ratings as measured by the Teacher Rating of Oral Language and Literacy (TROLL; Dickinson, McCabe, & Sprague, 2001, 2003) and Children's Communication Checklist–Second Edition (CCC-2; Bishop, 2006) to 2 established screeners, the Part II of the Diagnostic Evaluation of Language Variation–Screening Test (DELV-ST-II; Seymour, Roeper, & de Villiers, 2003) and Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills–Next (DIBELS; Good, Gruba, & Kaminski, 2009), and then examined whether teacher ratings alone or when combined with the DELV-ST-II or DIBELS accurately classify nonmainstream English-speaking kindergartners by their clinical status.

Method
Data came from 98 children who lived in the rural South; 47 spoke African American English, and 51 spoke Southern White English. Using the syntax subtest of the Diagnostic Evaluation of Language Variation–Norm Referenced (Seymour, Roeper, & de Villiers, 2005) as the reference standard, 43 were language impaired and 55 were typically developing. Analyses included analysis of variance, correlations, and discriminant function with sensitivity and specificity indices.

Results
The TROLL, CCC-2, DELV-ST-II, and DIBELS showed clinical status but not dialect effects, and they correlated with each other, the Diagnostic Evaluation of Language Variation–Norm Referenced, and other language measures. Classification accuracies of all 4 tools were too low for screening purposes; however, empirically derived cut scores improved the results, and a discriminant function selected the TROLL and DELV-ST-II as optimal for determining who should be referred for an evaluation, with the TROLL yielding the highest level of sensitivity (77%).

Conclusion
Findings support teacher ratings as measured by the TROLL when screening nonmainstream English-speaking kindergartners for language impairment in the rural South, while also calling for additional development and study of teacher rating tools and other screening instruments.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.6007712