bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lower limb vascular assessment techniques of podiatrists in the United Kingdom: a national survey
Authors: Tehan Peta Ellen , Fox Martin , Stewart Sarah , Matthews Susan , Chuter Vivienne Helaine 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundPodiatric vascular assessment practices in the United Kingdom (UK) are currently unknown. This study aimed to describe the current practices for performing lower limb vascular assessments by podiatrists in the UK, and, to investigate the effect of practitioner characteristics, including education level and practice setting, on the choice of tests used for these assessments.MethodsA cross‐sectional observational online survey of registered podiatrists in the UK was conducted using SurveyMonkey® between 1st of July and 5th of October 2018. Item content related to: practitioner characteristics, vascular testing methods, barriers to completing vascular assessment, interpretation of vascular assessment techniques, education provision and ongoing management and referral pathways. Descriptive statistics were performed, and multinomial logistic regression analyses were used to determine whether practitioner characteristics could predict the choice of vascular tests used.ResultsFive hundred and eighty five participants accessed the online survey. After drop‐outs and exclusions, 307 participants were included in the analyses. Comprehensive vascular assessments had most commonly been performed once (15.8%) or twice (10.4%) in the past week. The most common indicators for performing vascular assessment were symptoms of suspected claudication (89.3%), suspected rest pain (86.0%) and history of diabetes (85.3%). The most common barrier to performing vascular assessment was time constraints (52.4%). Doppler examination (72.3%) was the most frequently reported assessment type, with ankle‐brachial index (31.9%) and toe brachial index (5.9%) less frequently performed. There were variable interpretations of vascular test results. The most common topic for education was smoking cessation (69.5%). Most participants (72.2%) were confident in determining ongoing management, with the majority referring to the patient's general practitioner (67.6%). Practitioner characteristics did not predict the types of vascular tests performed.ConclusionThe majority of vascular assessments currently performed by podiatrists in the UK are inconsistent with UK or international vascular guidelines and recommendations. Despite this, most podiatrists felt confident in diagnosing, referring and managing patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD), however many felt they needed more education to feel confident to assist patients with PAD to manage their cardiovascular risk factors.
Subjective and objective vestibular changes that occur following paediatric cochlear implantation: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yong Michael , Young Emily , Lea Jane , Foggin Hannah , Zaia Erica , Kozak Frederick K. , Westerberg Brian D. 
Published: May 2019

Objective Cochlear implantation can result in post-operative vestibular dysfunction of unknown clinical significance. The objective of this study was to characterize the presence, magnitude, and clinical significance of vestibular dysfunction that occurs after pediatric cochlear implantation. Data sources The databases Embase, Medline (OvidSP), and PubMed were used. Only articles published in English were included. Grey literature and unpublished sources were also reviewed. Study selection Articles published from 1980 until the present which documented pre-operative and post-operative vestibular testing on children under the age of 18 were used. Data extraction Parameters that were assessed included number of patients, pre- and post-operative vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs), head impulse testing (HIT), calorics, and posturography, timing of pre- and post-operative testing, symptomatology, and other demographic data such as etiology of the hearing loss. Data synthesis Ten articles were included. Relative risk values evaluating the effect of cochlear implantation on vestibular function were calculated for VEMPs and caloric testing due to the availability of published data. I2 values were calculated and 95% confidence intervals were reported. Separate analyses were conducted for each individual study and a pooled analysis was conducted to yield an overall relative risk. Assessment on risk of bias in individual studies and overall was performed. Conclusion Pediatric cochlear implantation is associated with a statistically significant decrease in VEMP responses post-operatively (RR 1.8, p < 0.001, I2 91.86, 95%CI 1.57–2.02). Similar results are not seen in caloric testing. Insufficient data is available for analysis of HIT and posturography. Further studies are necessary to determine the effect of cochlear implantation on objective vestibular measures post-operatively and whether any changes seen are clinically relevant in this population.
Uncovering neurodevelopmental features in bipolar affective disorder
Authors: Valli Isabel , Fabbri Chiara , Young Allan H. 
Published: May 2019

SummarySchizophrenia and bipolar disorder are genetically related and their clinical features overlap. Schizophrenia is conceptualised as a neurodevelopmental disorder but the evidence for bipolar disorder is less clear. Cluster-analytic approaches reveal different cognitive profiles within bipolar disorder, possibly reflective of differing neurodevelopmental loads, which are also suggested by recent genetic and neuroimaging studies. Such studies suggest the potential utility of further clinical subcategories in bipolar disorder based on neurodevelopmental load.Declaration of interestNone.
Stage II Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Is a High-Risk Disease in Patients &lt;45/55 Years Old
Authors: Liu Zeming , Shen Xiaopei , Liu Rengyun , Zhu Guangwu , Huang Tao , Xing Mingzhao 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Purpose
The mortality risk of stage II differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) based on the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system requires further investigation.

Methods
Retrospective study of DTC in the US Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program for disease-specific mortality risk in various AJCC stages, with patient age stratification of stage II disease.

Results
Using AJCC staging system 6.0, hazard ratios (HRs) of mortality for stage II DTC in patients &lt;45 yo and patients ≥45 yo and stages III, IVA, IVB, and IVC compared with stage I were 46.95, 4.95, 9.82, 57.37, 222.10, and 468.68, respectively, showing a robustly higher mortality risk in stage II disease in patients &lt;45 yo than in older patients (P &lt; 0.001), comparable with stage IVA (P = 0.482). Similar results were obtained with AJCC 7.0. With AJCC 8.0, HRs of mortality for stage II in patients &lt;55 yo and patients ≥55 yo and stages III, IVA, and IVB compared with stage I were 75.16, 11.23, 69.45, 134.94, and 235.70, respectively, showing a robustly higher risk in stage II disease in patients &lt;55 yo than in older patients (P &lt; 0.001), comparable with stage III (P = 0.57). Kaplan-Meier survival curves displayed a sharp decline with stage II disease in patients &lt;45/55 yo compared with older patients.

Conclusions
The mortality risk of stage II DTC was sharply differentiated at patient age 45/55 years, being robustly high in younger patients and comparable with stage III/IVA. This emphasizes the importance of considering age when managing stage II DTC and not treating it as a uniformly low-risk disease.
Sesamoid malalignment in hallux valgus: Radiographic and MRI measurements and their correlation with internal derangement findings of the first metatarsophalangeal joint
Authors: Skweres Justin , Chhabra Avneesh , Hummel Jed , Heineman Nathan , Dessouky Riham , Xi Yin , Zhang Lihua , Wukich Dane 
Published: May 2019

Objective:
Sesamoid displacement (SD) and rotation are important components in the preoperative assessment of hallux valgus (HV). To date, Inter reader reliability (IRR) of SD on X-rays and MRI, correlations with hallux valgus angle (HVA), and qualitative changes of the hallux-sesamoid complex (HSC) on MRI have not been studied. The aim of this study was to correlate sesamoid malalignment with HV severity and findings of internal joint derangement.

Methods:
Two readers analyzed a series of 56 consecutive patients who had X-rays and MRI performed on the same foot within 3 months of each other. Multiple measures of SD on X-rays and MRI and the sesamoid rotation angle (SRA) on MRI were assessed and correlated with HVA and various qualitative features at the HSC including cartilage, plantar plate, and collateral ligament abnormalities.

Results:
We found excellent IRR (ICC = 0.79 – 0.99) for SRA on MR, but poor IRR for lateral sesamoid displacement (LDS) and tibial sesamoid position (TSP) scales on both modalities. Good IRR was also seen for morphologic abnormalities of HSC. The absolute value of the SRA on MR positively correlated with HVA ( p &lt; 0.0001). LDS and TSP on both modalities lacked a significant correlation with HVA ( p &gt; 0.05). No correlation was found between any measure of SD or rotation with HSC morphologic changes ( p &gt; 0.05).

Conclusion:
Among different measures of sesamoid malalignment, sesamoid rotation angle measured on MRI can be used to judge the severity of HV; however, it does not correlate with qualitative morphologic abnormalities of the HSC.

Advances in knowledge:
The MRI measurement of SRA is a better indicator of sesamoid displacement relative to the HSC than standard AP radiographic measures of non-rotational sesamoid displacement; however, it should not be used to predict qualitative morphologic abnormalities of the HSC.
Analysis of the organisational culture in two Croatian hospitals
Authors: Mrkonjić Ružica , Ristić Jadranka , Jambrović Igor , Rukavina Marina , Rašić Irena 
Published: May 2019

Background: organisational culture is the character of the environment of individual bodies. It consists of a set of values, norms and customs that govern the relations between people within it. Its elements are a mission or goals, organisational climate and a working atmosphere, which affect motivation, effectiveness and, ultimately, management style. Aim: this research aimed to determine which organisational culture is prevalent in hospitals, and which staff consider is the most desirable. Methods: the research was conducted in two hospitals in Zagreb—University Hospital Sveti Duh and University Hospital Dubrava. The Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument was administered to 87 nurses. Results: in both hospitals, a clan culture was prevalent, followed by a hierarchical culture, then a competitive culture. The adhocracy culture was the least common. Participants said a clan culture was the most desirable, then a hierarchical culture, followed by the adhocracy culture; the least desirable was a competitive culture. In Sveti Duh, a clan culture was predominant, while in Dubrava it was a hierarchical culture. The most desirable culture for staff of both hospitals is the clan culture, but it was more prevalent in Sveti Duh. Conclusion: in two Croatian university hospitals, according to staff, a clan organisational culture is the most common type and is also the most desirable.
Palliative Gastrectomy and Survival in Patients With Metastatic Gastric Cancer: A Propensity Score–Matched Analysis of a Large Population-Based Study
Authors: Li Qin , Zou Jiahua , Jia Mingfang , Li Ping , Zhang Rui , Han Jianglong , Huang Kejie , Qiao Yunfeng , Xu Tangpeng , Peng Ruan , Song Qibin , Fu Zhenming 
Published: May 2019

OBJECTIVES:
The role of palliative gastrectomy in the management of metastatic gastric cancer remains inadequately clarified.

METHODS:
We analyzed patients with metastatic gastric cancer enrolled in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry from January 2004 to December 2012. Propensity score (PS) analysis with 1:1 matching and the nearest neighbor matching method was performed to ensure well-balanced characteristics of the groups of patients who undergone gastrectomy and those without gastrectomy. Data were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards regression models to evaluate the overall survival and cancer-specific survival rates with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

RESULTS:
In general, receiving any kind of gastrectomy was associated with an improvement in survival in the multivariate analyses (hazard ratio [HR]os = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.59–0.70, HRcss = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.57–0.68) and PS matching (PSM) analyses (HRos = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.56–0.70, HRcss = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.55–0.70). After PSM, palliative gastrectomy was found to be associated with remarkably improved survival for patients with stage M1 with only 1 metastasis but not associated with survival of patients with stage M1 with extensive metastasis (≥2 metastatic sites).

DISCUSSION:
The results obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database suggest that patients with metastatic gastric cancer might benefit from palliative gastrectomy on the basis of chemotherapy. However, a PSM cohort study of this kind still has a strong selection bias and cannot replace a properly conducted randomized controlled trial.
O Pibid e a dimensão afetiva: perspectivas do professor supervisor
Authors: Darroz Luiz Marcelo , Rosa Cleci Teresinha Werner da , Prediger Nathalia 
Published: May 2019

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa qualitativa realizada junto a um conjunto de supervisores do subprojeto Pibid/Física da Universidade de Passo Fundo, na qual se buscou identificar indícios de mudança na relação afetiva do professor com sua profissão. A hipótese que originou este trabalho é que a realidade docente apresenta dificuldades e os professores se encontram desmotivados com a profissão. A coleta de dados se deu a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas com seis professores de escolas públicas que, na época dessa coleta, possuíam bolsas de supervisão do subprojeto pesquisado. A análise dos dados guiou-se pela Análise Textual Discursiva (ATD), que teve como categorias a priori cinco dimensões relacionadas ao domínio afetivo. Como resultado, percebeu-se que o Pibid influencia na relação afetiva do professor com sua profissão, uma vez que as falas dos supervisores permitiram identificar componentes dessa dimensão, que se fazem presentes na mudança afetiva após entrarem no programa.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Pibid/Física. Domínio afetivo. Afetividade. Supervisores.
Prevención y lucha contra la violencia de género en México e Italia : semántica de las leyes y desarrollo de las políticas en un análisis comparado.
Authors: Corradi Consuelo , Donato Stellamarina 
Published: May 2019

El presente artículo de investigación resume el cronograma de los documentos de las Naciones Unidas difundidos desde 1993 para combatir la violencia de género contra las mujeres, analizando el caso de dos países en particular, México e Italia, en una metodología cualitativa comparada. Examinamos la secuencia de actos legales aprobados en cada país, la semántica de las leyes, sus fundamentos teóricos y la transición de la violencia de un hecho privado a un delito público. El objetivo final del artículo es mostrar las similitudes y diferencias entre ambos países ya que, aun cuando globalmente ha emergido un marco de referencia sumamente fuerte que insta al entendimiento y el trato de la violencia contra las mujeres con un perspectiva conceptual común, las diferencias locales y nacionales existen y esto da cuenta de cómo un país reacciona y se adapta a la presión internacional.
Fractal characteristics of nanopores in lacustrine shales of the Triassic Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin, NW China
Authors: Li Zhuo , Tang Ling , Jiang Zhenxue , Liang Zhikai , Yu Hailong , Yang Youdong , Xiao Lei 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
To further understand fractal characteristics of nanopores in lacustrine shales, core samples from Chang-7 and Chang-9 members of the Triassic Yanchang Formation, southern Ordos Basin were investigated. Total organic carbon content, vitrinite reflectance, X-ray diffraction, field emission-scanning electron microscopy and low pressure N2 physisorption (LPNP) experiments were performed. The Frenkel-Halsey-Hill (FHH) method was applied to characterize the fractal dimensions using LPNP isotherms. Two fractal dimensions (D1 and D2) were determined at relative pressures of 0-0.45 and 0.45-1, respectively. The Chang-7 shales have a D1 and D2 range of 2.17-2.36 and 2.46-2.63, while the Chang-9 shales have D1values of 2.23-2.40 and D2 values of 2.46-2.64. Fractal dimensions of the selected lacustrine shales are affected by shale mineral compositions and pore structure parameters. Positive correlations of D1 and D2 with clay minerals and quartz contents, and negative correlations of D1 and D2 with TOC contents were presented in the present study. Observations of few organic matter pores and abundant inorganic pores hosted in the Yanchang shales may contribute to these correlations. In addition, comparisons of matrix composition, nanopore fractal characteristics between the Chang-7 shales and the Chang-9 shales suggest that the latter may have more irregular and heterogeneous pore structure.
Variation of surface and bonding properties among four wood species induced by a high voltage electrostatic field (HVEF)
Authors: He Qian , Zhan Tianyi , Zhang Haiyang , Ju Zehui , Hong Lu , Brosse Nicolas , Lu Xiaoning 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
A high voltage electrostatic field (HVEF) was applied to enhance the bonding performance of wood composites prepared with phenol-formaldehyde (PF) adhesive and different wood species and radial cut combinations. Four wood species including Masson pine (Pinus massoniana), Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata), poplar (Populus tomentosa) and ayous (Triplochiton scleroxylon) were studied. The results of HVEF-treatment turn out to be species-dependent, and are related to the anatomical and chemical properties of wood. It was demonstrated by a statistical approach that the lignin content is the most significant parameter with a good correlation coefficient (R2 > 0.8). High lignin content leads to high free radical concentration at the wood surface and the HVEF enhanced the adhesive penetration depth, the maximal density and the bonding strength (Bst) at the interphase. On the contrary, high extract contents and large lumina diameters negatively impacted the surface modification by HVEF. The magnitude of the effects was in the following order: ayous < poplar < Masson pine < Chinese fir.
Crystal structure of cyclohexane-1,4-diammonium 2-[(2-carboxylatophenyl)disulfanyl]benzoate — dimethylformamide — monohydrate (1/1/1), [C6H16N2][C14H8O4S2] ⋅ C3H7NO⋅H2O
Authors: Tan Sang Loon , Tiekink Edward R.T. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
[C6H16N2][C14H8O4S2]⋅C3H7NO⋅H2O, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 7.86120(10) Å, b = 12.2464(2) Å, c = 14.1615(2) Å, α = 111.293(1)°, β = 105.767(2)°, γ = 93.690(1)°, V = 1202.11(3) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0373, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1054, T = 100(2) K.
Convergence of random bounded linear operators in the Skorokhod space
Authors: Vadori N. , Swishchuk A. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We introduce the space of random bounded linear operators on a separable Banach space such that their range belong to the Skorokhod space of right-continuous with left-hand limits functions.
We call these random operators D-valued random variables.
Almost sure and weak convergence results for the sequences of such random variables are proved by martingale methods.
An application is described for a regime-switching inhomogeneous Lévy dynamics of a risky asset.
Context-based analysis of an advertising poster
Authors: Safavi Sarvenaz , Gümüş Agah 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new perspective of analyzing advertising designs from a new semiotic approach based on a new definition of the context. In order to achieve this goal, we will first of all give a definition for advertising design, and then Peirce’s idea about signs and definition of the science called semiotics will be necessary for starting the discussion. This research is based on three levels of context and shows that understanding an advertising design is not absolute but somehow relative because of differences in the background knowledge of the receivers. The conclusion of this research is that people understand advertising design based on their three contexts, which means seeing a so-called Context A, or better, what is designed, the receiver of the message will use a so-called Context B, or the context of situation, and also receives a so-called Context C, or the background knowledge in order to interpret what is selected and combined in Context A.
Diagrams and mental figuration: A semio-cognitive analysis
Authors: Brandt Per Aage , Cronquist Ulf 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe all intuitively know what a diagram is, and still it is surprisingly difficult to describe it as a semiotic function or type. In this article, we present four groups of hypotheses in view of a clarification. We hypothesize: (1) That diagrams are signs of a distinct type, unknown to classical semiotics; (2) That the elementary graphs of a diagram are all derived fromlines and pointsintopologicalmental spaces. The mind applies these diagrammatic spaces to referential spaces in many ways, but basically through conceptual integration (blending). The mind blends topology and reference, which makes the topology unnoticeable; (3) That elementary diagrammatic graphs constitute a natural, phenomenological, spatiotemporal, figurative and dynamic but informal geometry in the embodied, thinking mind; (4) That diagrammatic signs are the active components of the abstract mental figuration in working memory that accompany perception and deliver the schematizing ideas which invest and connect our categories and construe proper descriptive, narrative, patterns of inferentialthoughtand programs of sensorimotor and social action.
Vacuum Preloading Combined with Intermittent Electro-Osmosis for Dredged Slurry Strengthening
Authors: Liu Feiyu , Fu Hongtao , Zhou Jie , Wang Jun , Cai Yuanqiang , Zhao Ran , Lou Xiaoming , Jin Yawei , Yuan Wenxi 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Vacuum electro-osmosis is a useful method for strengthening dredged slurry; however, this technique is not widely applied because of its high power consumption and decreased efficiency in the later stages. Appropriate current intermittence is an important approach to improving the efficiency and reducing the power consumption of the electro-osmosis process. Thus, vacuum preloading combined with intermittent electro-osmosis has been proposed; however, relevant research is lacking, and the conditions for optimized current intermittence remain uncertain. In this study, laboratory experiments are performed to investigate the influence of various current intermittence frequencies on the treatment of six dredged slurry specimens using vacuum preloading combined with intermittent electro-osmosis. The experimental findings indicate that an optimal ratio of the on and off times exists, which can effectively improve soil strength and reduce power consumption. Furthermore, for the same time ratio, treatment with a comparatively short electrification period yields higher efficiency. However, an excessively small time ratio yields lesser improvement than that obtained with continuous electrification.