bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors for development and progression of diabetic retinopathy in Dutch patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Schreur Vivian , van Asten Freekje , Ng Heijan , Weeda Jack , Groenewoud Joannes M.M. , Tack Cees J. , Hoyng Carel B. , de Jong Eiko K. , Klaver Caroline C.W. , Jeroen Klevering B. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPurposeTo investigate risk factors for the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and long‐term visual outcomes in Dutch patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).MethodsCumulative incidences were calculated for DR, vision‐threatening DR (VTDR), defined as (pre)proliferative DR and diabetic macular oedema, and best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA) <0.5 and <0.3 at the most recent eye examination. The following factors were assessed: duration of diabetes, age of onset of T1DM, gender, mean HbA1c, HbA1c variability (defined as coefficient of variation of five separate HbA1c measurements), mean arterial blood pressure, body mass index, albuminuria and lipid profile. We used multivariable Cox regression models to identify factors associated with DR development and progression to VTDR.ResultsWe found 25‐year cumulative incidences of 63% for DR, 21% for VTDR, 2% for BCVA <0.5, and 1% for BCVA <0.3. Mean HbA1c (HR 1.023, p < 0.001), HbA1c variability (HR 1.054, p < 0.001), age of onset of T1DM (HR 1.024, p < 0.001), HDL cholesterol (HR 0.502, p = 0.002) and total cholesterol (HR 1.210, p = 0.029) showed an independent association with faster development of any form of DR. The mean HbA1c (HR 1.023, p < 0.001) and the presence of albuminuria (HR 2.940, p = 0.028) were associated with faster progression to VTDR.ConclusionThese data show relatively low cumulative incidences of DR, VTDR and visual impairment. Higher mean HbA1c, HbA1c variability, age of onset of T1DM and total cholesterol were independently associated with the risk of DR development, and a protective association was found for HDL cholesterol in subjects with T1DM. Mean HbA1c and presence of albuminuria were associated with progression of DR.
Seeds of future past: climate change and the thermal memory of plant reproductive traits
Authors: Fernández‐Pascual Eduardo , Mattana Efisio , Pritchard Hugh W. 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTPlant persistence and migration in face of climate change depends on successful reproduction by seed, a central aspect of plant life that drives population dynamics, community assembly and species distributions. Plant reproduction by seed is a chain of physiological processes, the rates of which are a function of temperature, and can be modelled using thermal time models. Importantly, while seed reproduction responds to its instantaneous thermal environment, there is also evidence of phenotypic plasticity in response to the thermal history experienced by the plant's recent ancestors, by the reproducing plant since seedling establishment, and by its seeds both before and after their release. This phenotypic plasticity enables a thermal memory of plant reproduction, which allows individuals to acclimatise to their surroundings. This review synthesises current knowledge on the thermal memory of plant reproduction by seed, and highlights its importance for modelling approaches based on physiological thermal time. We performed a comprehensive search in the Web of Science and analysed 533 relevant articles, of which 81 provided material for a meta‐analysis of thermal memory in reproductive functional traits based on the effect size Zr. The articles encompassed the topics of seed development, seed yield (mass and number), seed dormancy (physiological, morphological and physical), germination, and seedling establishment. The results of the meta‐analysis provide evidence for a thermal memory of seed yield, physiological dormancy and germination. Seed mass and physiological dormancy appear to be the central hubs of this memory. We argue for integrating thermal memory into a predictive framework based on physiological time modelling. This will provide a quantitative assessment of plant reproduction, a complex system that integrates past and present thermal inputs to achieve successful reproduction in changing environments. The effects of a warming environment on plant reproduction cannot be reduced to a qualitative interpretation of absolute positives and negatives. Rather, these effects need to be understood in terms of changing rates and thresholds for the physiological process that underlie reproduction by seed.
Long‐term course of difficulty in participation of individuals with cerebral palsy aged 16 to 34 years: a prospective cohort study
Authors: van Gorp Marloes , Van Wely Leontien , Dallmeijer Annet J , de Groot Vincent , Ketelaar Marjolijn , Roebroeck Marij E ,   the Perrin‐Decade study group
Published: September 2018

AimTo determine the long‐term course of difficulty in participation of individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) without intellectual disability between 16 years and 34 years of age.MethodOne hundred and fifty‐one individuals with CP aged 16 to 20 years were included (63% male, 37% female; Gross Motor Function Classification System [GMFCS] levels I–IV; without intellectual disability). The Assessment of Life Habits questionnaire 3.0 general short form was used up to three times biennially and at 13‐year follow‐up (13‐year follow‐up: n=98). Scores (range 0–10) reflect difficulty and assistance in participation in housing, education and employment, interpersonal relationships, recreation, community life, and responsibilities. Multilevel models were used to determine the course of difficulty in participation by GMFCS level.ResultsDespite high average participation levels, 41% to 95% of adolescents and young adults with CP experienced difficulty. Difficulty in participation in housing and interpersonal relationships increased from age 16 years onwards and in most other life areas in the mid‐ and late 20s. In adolescents in GMFCS levels III and IV, participation in recreation and community life improved up to age 23 years.InterpretationIndividuals with CP experience increasing difficulties in participation in their mid‐ and late 20s. Clinicians should systematically check for participation difficulties in young adults with CP and offer timely personalized treatment.What this paper adds

Many individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) aged 16 to 34 years experience difficulty in participation.

Difficulty in participation increases in the mid‐ and late 20s for individuals with CP.

Participation in recreation/community life improves before age 23 years for those in Gross Motor Function Classification System levels III and IV.
Non‐native species led to marked shifts in functional diversity of the world freshwater fish faunas
Authors: Toussaint Aurèle , Charpin Nicolas , Beauchard Olivier , Grenouillet Gaël , Oberdorff Thierry , Tedesco Pablo A. , Brosse Sébastien , Villéger Sébastien 
Published: September 2018

AbstractGlobal spread of non‐native species profoundly changed the world biodiversity patterns, but how it translates into functional changes remains unanswered at the world scale. We here show that while in two centuries the number of fish species per river increased on average by 15% in 1569 basins worldwide, the diversity of their functional attributes (i.e. functional richness) increased on average by 150%. The inflation of functional richness was paired with changes in the functional structure of assemblages, with shifts of species position toward the border of the functional space of assemblages (i.e. increased functional divergence). Non‐native species moreover caused shifts in functional identity toward higher body sized and less elongated species for most of assemblages throughout the world. Although varying between rivers and biogeographic realms, such changes in the different facets of functional diversity might still increase in the future through increasing species invasion and may further modify ecosystem functioning.
Notch ductile failure with significant strain‐hardening: The modified equivalent material concept
Authors: Torabi Ali Reza , Kamyab Mohsen 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe equivalent material concept (EMC) assumes that the ductile material has a valid K‐based fracture toughness (KIc or Kc). For ductile materials with significant strain‐hardening, no valid KIc or Kc is determined by the standard experiments and, hence, EMC seems null. The modified EMC (MEMC) is proposed in this study by which a virtual Kc value is defined and computed for the ductile material with significant strain‐hardening. In this way, Mode I and mixed Mode I/II fracture behaviors of U‐notched aluminum alloy 5083 are assessed in the view points of experiments and theories. Several U‐notched rectangular samples are used for performing the experiments and obtaining the failure loads. Then, the MEMC is coupled with the maximum tangential stress and mean stress criteria and utilized to predict the failure loads theoretically. Finally, it is shown that both the MEMC‐stress‐based criteria can provide very good predictions of the test data.
Groundwater Microbial Communities Along a Generalized Flowpath in Nomhon Area, Qaidam Basin, China
Authors: Sheng Yizhi , Wang Guangcai , Zhao Dan , Hao Chunbo , Liu Chenglong , Cui Linfeng , Zhang Ge 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSpatial distribution (horizonal and vertical) of groundwater microbial communities and the hydrogeochemistry in confined aquifers were studied approximately along the groundwater flow path from coteau to plain in the Nomhon area, Qinghai‐Tibet plateau, China. The confined groundwater samples at different depths and locations were collected in three boreholes through a hydrogeological section in this arid and semi‐arid area. The phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA genes and multivariate statistical analysis were used to elucidate similarities and differences between groundwater microbial communities and hydrogeochemical properties. The integrated isotopic geochemical measurements were applied to estimate the source and recharge characteristics of groundwater. The results showed that groundwater varied from fresh to saline water, and modern water to ancient water following the flowpath. The recharge characteristics of the saline water was distinct with that of fresh water. Cell abundance did not vary greatly along the hydrogeochemical zonality; however, dissimilarities in habitat‐based microbial community structures were evident, changing from Betaproteobacteria in the apex of alluvial fan to Gammaproteobacteria and then to Epsilonproteobacteria in the core of the basin (alluvial‐lacustrine plain). Rhodoferax, Hydrogenophaga, Pseudomonas, and bacterium isolated from similar habitats unevenly thrived in the spatially distinct fresh water environments, while Sulfurimonas dominanted in the saline water environment. The microbial communities presented likely reflected to the hydrogeochemical similarities and zonalities along groundwater flowpath.
UHPLC‐ESI‐QTOF‐MS phenolic profiling and antioxidant capacity of bee pollen from different botanical origin
Authors: Rocchetti Gabriele , Castiglioni Sara , Maldarizzi Gianluca , Carloni Patricia , Lucini Luigi 
Published: September 2018

SummaryIn this work, bee pollen samples from different botanical origin were investigated for antioxidant capacity. Thereafter, a phenolic profiling was produced through a mass spectrometric untargeted metabolomic approach. Marked differences were identified in TPC, ranging from 4.2 (Magnolia) to 29.6 mg g−1 GAE (Lamium). Wide differences were also recorded in antioxidant capacity (ORAC, ABTS and DPPH assays). Untargeted profiling allowed annotating 467 compounds with flavonoids being the most frequent class of phenolics followed by phenolic acids, tyrosols, lignans and other. OPLS‐DA clearly discriminated the most represented floral families (Umbelliferae, Rosaceae and Fabaceae), suggesting, thus, that botanical origin leaves a characteristic phenolic signature in pollen. Overall, 35 phenolics accounted for most of the discrimination, with flavonoids being the most represented class. Despite the fact that further research is needed, the phenolic profile of bee pollen is a promising tool to investigate the botanical origin.
Fermentation of table cream by Lactobacillus plantarum strains: effect on fungal growth, aflatoxin M1 and ochratoxin A
Authors: Hashemi Seyed Mohammad Bagher , Gholamhosseinpour Aliakbar 
Published: September 2018

SummaryAflatoxin M1 (AFM1) and ochratoxin A (OTA) are two main mycotoxins in milk and dairy products. In the present work, the ability of four Lactobacillus strains (L. plantarum PTCC 1058, L. plantarum LP3, L. plantarum AF1 and L. plantarum LU5) to remove AFM1 and OTA in fermented cream was studied during 24 h fermentation. The antifungal activity of the mentioned lactobacilli against the defined fungi (Aspergillus flavus PTCC 5004, Aspergillus parasiticus PTCC 5018, Aspergillus nidulans PTCC 5014, Aspergillus ochraceus PTCC 5060) was also evaluated. The results showed that the cell counts of all strains were increased by 64–70% during fermentation. All Lactobacillus strains decreased the amount of AFM1 significantly (P ≤ 0.05) in the range of 26–52%, which the highest AFM1‐reducing effect was related to L. plantarum LU5 (from 0.5 to 0.24 μg kg−1). The mean OTA removal by Lactobacillus strains in fermented cream also ranged from 32 to 58%. Amongst Lactobacillus strains, the cell‐free culture supernatants of L. plantarum LU5 showed the highest (inhibition zone of 26.7 ± 1.2 mm) and L. plantarum LP3 and L. plantarum PTCC 1058 the lowest antifungal activities. The fermented creams contained Lactobacillus strains exhibited the highest and lowest antifungal activities against A. ochraceus and A. parasiticus, respectively. L. plantarum LU5, with the inhibition zone of 27.6 ± 0.9 mm, was the most effective fungal inhibitor, while L. plantarum PTCC 1058 had the lowest antifungal activity.
Accuracy of elastic fusion biopsy in daily practice: Results of a multicenter study of 2115 patients
Authors: Oderda Marco , Marra Giancarlo , Albisinni Simone , Altobelli Emanuela , Baco Eduard , Beatrici Valerio , Cantiani Andrea , Carbone Antonio , Ciccariello Mauro , Descotes Jean‐Luc , Dubreuil‐Chambardel Marine , Eldred‐Evans David , Fasolis Giuseppe , Ferriero Mariaconsiglia , Fiard Gaelle , Forte Valerio , Giacobbe Alessandro , Kumar Pardeep , Lacetera Vito , Mozer Pierre , Muto Giovanni , Papalia Rocco , Pastore Antonio , Peltier Alexandre , Piechaud Thierry , Simone Giuseppe , Roche Jean‐Baptiste , Roupret Morgan , Rouviere Olivier , Van Velthoven Roland , Gontero Paolo 
Published: September 2018

ObjectivesTo assess the accuracy of Koelis fusion biopsy for the detection of prostate cancer and clinically significant prostate cancer in the everyday practice.MethodsWe retrospectively enrolled 2115 patients from 15 institutions in four European countries undergoing transrectal Koelis fusion biopsy from 2010 to 2017. A variable number of target (usually 2–4) and random cores (usually 10–14) were carried out, depending on the clinical case and institution habits. The overall and clinically significant prostate cancer detection rates were assessed, evaluating the diagnostic role of additional random biopsies. The cancer detection rate was correlated to multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging features and clinical variables.ResultsThe mean number of targeted and random cores taken were 3.9 (standard deviation 2.1) and 10.5 (standard deviation 5.0), respectively. The cancer detection rate of Koelis biopsies was 58% for all cancers and 43% for clinically significant prostate cancer. The performance of additional, random cores improved the cancer detection rate of 13% for all cancers (P < 0.001) and 9% for clinically significant prostate cancer (P < 0.001). Prostate cancer was detected in 31%, 66% and 89% of patients with lesions scored as Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System 3, 4 and 5, respectively. Clinical stage and Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score were predictors of prostate cancer detection in multivariate analyses. Prostate‐specific antigen was associated with prostate cancer detection only for clinically significant prostate cancer.ConclusionsKoelis fusion biopsy offers a good cancer detection rate, which is increased in patients with a high Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score and clinical stage. The performance of additional, random cores seems unavoidable for correct sampling. In our experience, the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score and clinical stage are predictors of prostate cancer and clinically significant prostate cancer detection; prostate‐specific antigen is associated only with clinically significant prostate cancer detection, and a higher number of biopsy cores are not associated with a higher cancer detection rate.
Oxygen‐vacancy‐mediated microstructure and thermophysical properties in Zr3Ln4O12 for high‐temperature applications
Authors: Zhao Meng , Pan Wei , Li Tianjun , Huang Muzhang , Huang Yujia , Yang Jun , Li Zheng , Wan Chunlei 
Published: September 2018

AbstractYttria‐stabilized zirconia (YSZ) has been considered as state‐of‐the‐art material for high‐temperature thermal barrier coatings, which provide thermal insulation to the superalloy components in gas turbines and jet engines. Oxygen vacancies induced by yttria substitutions are believed to be mainly responsible for the low thermal conductivity of YSZ due to their phonon scattering effect. However, high mobility of oxygen vacancies in YSZ leads to a rapid oxygen diffusion at high temperatures, therefore accelerates the failure of coatings by grain coarsening, sintering, and simultaneous oxidation of the underlying metallic bondcoat. In the present research, we further explored in the ZrO2–Ln2O3 binary phase diagram and synthesized a series of ceramic materials with the chemical formula of Zr3Ln4O12 (Ln = La, Gd, Y, Er, and Yb), in which more oxygen vacancies were involved and extremely low phonon thermal conductivities (1.3‐1.6 W/m·K) were obtained, even approaching to the theoretical minimum. In addition, the mobility of these oxygen vacancies was remarkably suppressed by the lattice ordering with the decrease of Ln3+ radius, as confirmed by X‐ray diffraction, Raman and transmission electron microscopy. Thus, the oxygen barrier property and sintering resistance were significantly enhanced accordingly, which makes Zr3Ln4O12 compounds promising thermal barrier coating materials for next generation gas turbines and jet engines.
STK33 alleviates gentamicin‐induced ototoxicity in cochlear hair cells and House Ear Institute‐Organ of Corti 1 cells
Authors: Zhou Meijuan , Sun Gaoying , Zhang Lili , Zhang Guodong , Yang Qianqian , Yin Haiyan , Li Hongrui , Liu Wenwen , Bai Xiaohui , Li Jianfeng , Wang Haibo 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSerine/threonine kinase 33 (STK33), a member of the calcium/calmodulin‐dependent kinase (CAMK), plays vital roles in a wide spectrum of cell processes. The present study was designed to investigate whether STK33 expressed in the mammalian cochlea and, if so, what effect STK33 exerted on aminoglycoside‐induced ototoxicity in House Ear Institute‐Organ of Corti 1 (HEI‐OC1) cells. Immunofluorescence staining and western blotting were performed to investigate STK33 expression in cochlear hair cells (HCs) and HEI‐OC1 cells with or without gentamicin treatment. CCK8, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence staining and western blotting were employed to detect the effects of STK33 knockdown, and/or U0126, and/or N‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine (NAC) on the sensitivity to gentamicin‐induced ototoxicity in HEI‐OC1 cells. We found that STK33 was expressed in both mice cochlear HCs and HEI‐OC1 cells, and the expression of STK33 was significantly decreased in cochlear HCs and HEI‐OC1 cells after gentamicin exposure. STK33 knockdown resulted in an increase in the cleaved caspase‐3 and Bax expressions as well as cell apoptosis after gentamicin damage in HEI‐OC1 cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that knockdown of STK33 led to activated mitochondrial apoptosis pathway as well as augmented reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation after gentamicin damage. Moreover, STK33 was involved in extracellular signal‐regulated kinase 1/2 pathway in primary culture of HCs and HEI‐OC1 cells in response to gentamicin insult. The findings from this work indicate that STK33 decreases the sensitivity to the apoptosis dependent on mitochondrial apoptotic pathway by regulating ROS generation after gentamicin treatment, which provides a new potential target for protection from the aminoglycoside‐induced ototoxicity.
Downregulation of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma in the placenta correlates to hyperglycemia in offspring at young adulthood after exposure to gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Zhao Qihong , Yang Dong , Gao Lei , Zhao Mingqiu , He Xiujie , Zhu Meng , Tian Chaoqing , Liu Gang , Li Li , Hu Chuanlai 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAims/IntroductionChildren who are exposed to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in utero are at high risk of developing related illnesses, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus in young adulthood, but the underlying mechanism and related predictive biomarkers are not known.Materials and MethodsThe present study identified the related biomarkers of hyperglycemia in young adults from the relationship between fetal blood glucose and placental lipid transporters at messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein expression levels. We recruited patients from a prospective cohort, and determined the mRNA and protein levels of placental fatty acid transporters. Diet‐induced mouse models of GDM were established, and the mRNA and protein levels of the same transporters in placentas were validated.ResultsOnly the mRNA levels of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma correlated with the levels of neonatal blood glucose in GDM patients using linear regression and Spearman's correlation analyses (r = 0.774, P = 0.001). The mRNA levels of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma, matrix metalloproteinase‐2 and fatty acid transport protein‐6 correlated with blood glucose levels in mouse offspring (r = 0.82, P = 0.001, r = 0.737, P = 0.006 and r = −0.891, P = 0.001, respectively) at young adulthood using the same analyses. Notably, we observed significantly higher blood glucose levels in GDM offspring at 12 weeks‐of‐age compared with the control and rosiglitazone‐supplemented groups (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe downregulation of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma in the placenta might predict hyperglycemia in offspring at young adulthood.