bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Korelasi antara Neutrophyl Lymphocyte Ratio dengan Stadium Kanker pada Pasien Kanker Payudara
Authors: Fallo Irma Ningsih Yuvita , Sidharta Rina A. , Gunawan Lucia Sincu 
Published: March 2019

Kanker payudara merupakan salah satu kanker penyebab kematian pada wanita. Banyak wanita yang menyadari terserang kanker payudara setelah kanker masuk pada stadium lanjut, sehingga tidak ada proses deteksi dini yang dapat meningkatkan peluang kesembuhan dengan tata laksana di awal penyakit. Stadium kanker payudara meliputi; Stadium I, II, IIIA, IIIB dan IV. Peningkatan Neutrophi lLymphocyte Ratio (NLR) dikaitkan dengan peningkatan kematian pada keganasan kanker payudara.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui korelasi antara NLR dengan stadium kanker pada pasien kanker payudara.
Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini adalah concecutive sampling. Pasien diambil sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, diurutkan sampai jumlah sampel terpenuhi. Besar sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 55 sampel. Waktu penelitian dilakukan pada bulan April – Juni 2018 di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Dr. Moewardi di Surakarta. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh dari rekam medis laboratorium Patologi Klinik danlaboratorium Patologi Anatomi pasien yang terdiagnosis kanker payudara dan teknik analisis data menggunakan uji Kolmogorov Smirnov kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji Spearman.
Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan correlation coefficient (r) sebesar 0,350, probabilitas (p) sebesar 0,009. Maka, nilai ini menunjukkan korelasi yang lemah, positif dan bermakna antara NLR dengan stadium kanker payudara. Perlu dilakukan penelitian selanjutnya menggunakan data primer, sehingga dapat mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi peningkatan NLR.
Kata Kunci : Neutrophyl Lymphocyte Ratio, Stadium kanker, Kanker payudara
Hitung Leukosit pada Inflamasi Kaki Mencit (Mus musculus) Induksi Karagenan dengan Sarang Walet Putih (Collocali fuciphaga)
Authors: Nuroini Fitri , Faruq Zulfikar Husni 
Published: March 2019

Inflamasi merupakan respon protektif setempat yang diperlukan tubuh untuk mempertahankan diri dari berbagai bahaya sekaligus memperbaiki kerusakan struktur dan gangguan fungsi jaringan yang ditimbulkan oleh bahaya tersebut (Baratawidjaja, 2002). Sel-sel yang berperan dalam inflamasi yaitu eritrosit, neutrofil, basofil, eosinofil, platelet, sel NK (natural killer), limfosit, sel mast, sel dendritik dan antigen presenting cells (Liao dkk, 2011). Apabila penyebab inflamasi tidak dapat disingkirkan, akan terjadi inflamasi kronik yang dapat merusak jaringan dan kehilangan fungsi sama sekali (Baratawidjaja, 2002). Oleh karena itu, inflamasi berlanjut perlu dicegah salah satunya dengan mengkonsumsi obat alternatif salah satunya adalah sarang walet putih (Collocalia fuciphaga). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi EBN burung walet sarang putih (C. fuchipaga) terhadap profil darah mencit (leukosittotal dan leukosit deferensial) pada jam kelima setelah diinduksi karagenan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 6 kelompok perlakuan, masing-masing 4 ulangan. Kelompok perlakuan terdiri atas kontrol normal, kontrol negatif, kontrol positif dan perlakuan pemberian ekstrak akuosa EBN dengan dosis 0,1; 1 dan 10 mg/ 20 g BB. Semua perlakuan diberikan secara peroral kemudian setelah satu jam tiap kelompok diinjeksi 0,05 ml karagenan 1% dalam NaCl 0,9% pada telapak kaki kanan mencit secara subkutan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian EBN secara oral dapat dapat menurunkan secara signifikan (p<0,05) jumlah leukosit total dan leukosit deferensial terutama limfosit dan neutrofil.
Kata kunci: Leukosit, Inflamasi, Karagenan, Sarang Walet Putih, EBN
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TEACHING FACTORY 6M MENGHADAPI REVOLUSI INDUSTRI KEEMPAT DI SMK NEGERI 6 PONTIANAK
Authors: Asriati Nuraini 
Published: March 2019

Abstrak: latar belakang penelitian ini adalah belum optimalnya pengembangan karakter dan jiwa kewirausahaan lulusan SMK Negeri 6 Pontianak. Kegiatan pembelajaran pembelajaran program produktif di SMK masih belum mencakup aspek soft competence, terutama kecakapan kewirausahaan. Tujuan penelitian ini yakni keterapan uji dan terlaksananya model pembelajaran Teaching Factory 6M dan 4D kelas kria tekstil pada SMK Negeri 6 Pontianak sebagai upaya menghadapi revolusi industri 4.0. untuk mengembangkan efektivitas pelaksanaan teaching factory ditinjau dari segi konteks, input, proses dan produk. Metode yang digunakan yakni penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D) dengan subjek penelitian siswa jurusan kria tekstil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan capaian hasil belajar kewirausahaan sebelum dan setelah menerapkan model pembelajaran Teaching Factory 6M dan 4D. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran Teaching Factory 6M dan 4D efektif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar kewirausahaan yang ditinjau dari segi konteks, input, proses dan produk pada siswa jurusan kria tekstil SMK 6 Pontianak.Kata Kunci: efektivitas, pembelajaran, teaching factory, kewirausahaan
PENGARUH PRAKTIK KERJA TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN LIFE SKILL MAHASISWA
Authors: Pelipa Emilia Dewiwati , Marganingsih Anna 
Published: March 2019

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh Praktik kerja terhadap kemampuan life skill mahasiswa. Sampel penelitian ini mahasiswa pendidikan ekonomi STKIP Persada Khatulistiwa yang sudah melakukan praktik kerja. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variabel praktik kerja memiliki pengaruh yang pisotif terhadap kemampuan life skill mahasiswa ini ditunjukkan dengan nilai b positif sebesar 0,687 pada pengujian analisis regresi. Variabel praktik kerja dengan kemampuan life skill mahasiswa memiliki hubungan sedang dengan nilai r hitung sebesar 0,483 berada diantara rentang 0,40 – 0,599 masuk dalam tingkat hubungan sedang. Sumbangan variabel praktik kerja terhadap variabel kemampuan life skill mahasiswa diperoleh nilai R square sebesar 23,3%. Pengaplikasian teori dalam bentuk praktik kerja sangat perlu dilakukan karna, dengan mempraktikkan secara langsung mahasiswa dapat mengetahui kesulitan dan hambatan dalam bekerja serta belajar mengatasi permasalahan yang terjadi dalam tim kerjanya. Semakin sering melakukan praktik kerja mahasiswa semakin cakap dan terampil mengatasi masalah dilapangan sehingga kemampuan life skillnya semakin meningkat.Kata Kunci: Praktik kerja, Life skill, Mahasiswa
Laboratory preparation and quality control of medicinal composition based on nanosilica and polymethylsiloxane
Authors: Chornoknyzhnyj S. I. , Cheplyaka O. M. , Gerashchenko I. I. 
Published: March 2019

The prepared ex tempore adsorption composition which consists of nanosilica, polymethylsiloxane, metronidazole and decamethoxin serves as an effective mean for the topical treatment of wounds.
The aim of the study was the development of an optimal pathway for laboratory manufacturing and quality control of this drug.
We used the method of mechanochemical treatment in a ball mill, chemical methods of identification, absorption spectrophotometry in the IR, UV and visible regions, and the method of sowing on plates to determine microbiological purity.
To obtain a uniform powder composition capable wettable in aqueous medium, there is provided a three-step process comprising mechanosorption of metronidazole on nanosilica and, accordingly, of decametoxin – at polymethylsiloxane. The conditions of identification tests and assay of the ingredients of the composition were сlarified and optimized. It was found that microbiological purity of the composition does not yield to known drugs which intended for topical application. Total adsorption activity of the nanocomposition is stated on the absorption of methylene blue, special protein adsorption activity – on the binding of gelatin. The obtained results may be useful for the organization of the recent pharmacy and the future factory production of proposed nanocomposition.
Active pharmaceutical ingredients in dermatological medicines of Ukrainian pharmaceutical market
Authors: Vlasenko I. O. , Davtian L. L. 
Published: March 2019

The problem of the diabetic foot is one of the most serious complications of diabetes mellitus. There is still an active search for medicines (drugs) that could be used in the complex treatment of trophic lesions in diabetic foot. The period before the development and launch of the drug into the pharmaceutical market need to make marketing research aimed at ensuring that the future drug is competitive.
The purpose of the work was to analyze the market of dermatological drugs for the treatment of trophic ulcers in order to determine the marketing opportunities for domestic producers.
The research objects were active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), which are part of the dermatological registered drugs in Ukraine. Materials for research were official sources of information about drugs registered in Ukraine. Marketing analytical methods were used. To determine the level of tension between manufacturers and the same product, the coefficient of tension.
Number of D preparations registered in Ukraine ‒ 452 trade names (January 2018) was established. Medicines wich prodused by Ukraine are slightly higher (55.3%). In groups D01, D03, D06, D07 and D08 the highest number of APIs is determined, which is 25, 36, 33, 29 and 30, respectively.
Part API is contained in the drug in combination with other API. In the D01 group, only a small amount of API ‒ 7 is present in combination with other substances, and in group D02 ‒ 6, certain APIs are part of the combined drug. In preparations of D03 4 API are in combination. In group D06, 12 APIs are contained in combination drugs. Most of the established API groups D07 (13) are found in the drug in combination. In the D08 group, part of the API (8) is part of a combined drug. There is a combination of APIs antiseptic or antimicrobial activity, anti-inflammatory effect, local anesthetic and wound healing effect. According to the results of the calculation of the tension indices between the manufacturers of analogues of drugs in group D, the highest competition (Kvi ≥ 0.800) was observed in the groups D01 and D03 (for 4 drugs with Kvi ≥ 0.800), D06 (3 drugs), D07 (8 drugs), D08 (7 drugs). An analysis of the competitiveness of analogue manufacturers has shown that Ukrainian manufacturers are not sufficiently competing in the production of modern analogues of dermatological drugs.
Analysis of the availability of medicines for the treatment of servicemen with injury and wound of the brain
Authors: Shmatenko О. P. , Osedlo G. V. , Vlasenko O. M. , Pleshkova O. V. 
Published: March 2019

The most important areas that determine the effectiveness of the medical support system at all stages of providing medical assistance to servicemen is the rational use and availability of medicines and pharmaceutical assistance in general. Under the influence of the situation in eastern Ukraine, the instability of the market economy, the existing budget deficit for the military medical service, the availability of certain groups of drugs is of particular relevance, which fully applies to drugs for the pharmacotherapy of injuries and brain injuries.
The purpose of the study is to analyze the availability of medicines for pharmacotherapy of injuries and wounds of the brain.
In conducting the study, the following methods of analysis were used: system-review, bibliographic and marketing.
Analysis of scientific literature data showed that for pharmacotherapy of craniocerebral wounds and injuries such groups of drugs as psychoanaleptics (N06), blood substitutes and perfusion solutions (B05), peripheral vasodilators (C04), calcium antagonists (C08), analgesics (N02) are used. and psycholeptic drugs (N05), etc., which counted 1 300 trade names of drugs.
The analysis of the pharmaceutical market in recent years has allowed us to single out three main factors (index) affecting the growth of expenditures on drug provision for servicemen, the replacement index; inflation index; innovation index
Analyzing the availability of drugs by price proposals, it was found that the number of inaccessible drugs decreased within five years by more than 30% and amounts to 7.93% or 103 drugs from the total range of drugs for medical support of servicemen with injury and wound of the brain. That is why it is advisable to conclude that the replacement index has almost no effect on reducing the level of drug costs for servicemen/
In the study of the inflation index, it was found that the pricing of domestic drugs depends on the level of inflation, the cost of foreign-made drugs is in direct proportion to the growth of the dollar.
Analysis of the innovation index of the domestic drug market for medical support of servicemen with injury and wound of the brain showed that only 77 original drugs are used for pharmacotherapy, which is 5.92% of the total number of drugs.
Study on the influence of excipients on pharmaco-technological properties of tablet cores of dexketoprofen
Authors: Shoshmina O.V. , Gureyeva S. N. , Vronska L. V. 
Published: March 2019

Among the group of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, the active substance dexketoprofen trometamol is released. Its pharmacological and pharmacological and technological characteristics are induced in the article. The feasibility of using the wet granulation method in the development of tablets with dexketoprofen is substantiated.
The purpose of this work was selecting the optimal excipients for obtaining a high-quality medicinal product.
The excipients were selected and grouped into 4 functional groups. For the planning of the experiment, a matrix was based on the hyper-Greek-Latin parallelepiped. The tablets were prepared by wet granulation. The effect of the excipients for the granulate, tablet mass and core tablets was studied by such factors as loss on during of the granulate, bulk density of the tablet mass, resistance to crushing, friability, disintegration. The experimental data were subjected to statistical analysis by the method of dispersion analysis. The results were expressed using ranked rows of benefits and bar charts.
The results of the study of the effect of excipients from groups of fillers, disintegrants, sliding, binding substances on the quality of granulate, tablet mass and tablet cores are provided.
The results of the study show that the loss on drying is most influenced by fillers. The quality of the tablet mass depends more on the solution used for wetting, so the nature of the binder and the method of moistening have a determining effect on the bulk density of the tablet mass. Fillers have the most significant effect on the resistance to crushing of the core tablets. The hardness of the dexketoprofen tablet cores characterizes friability, the leading position on the influence is occupied by a group of disintegrants, namely: a mixture of sodium starch and corn starch. The most significant influence on disintegration is exerted by a binder and a moistening method.
The generalized results of the study showed that leaders from the four groups of the excipients are appeared by the influence on the technological indicators of granulate, tablet mass and tablet cores.
In the result of the work the excipients were selected for development of the composition of the tablet cores, their influence on the pharmaco- technological indicators was also investigated. The excipients were selected for further optimization of the composition of the tablets with dexketoprofen, namely: MCC 102, a mixture of sodium starch glycolate and corn starch, corn starch and the use of a 40% dexketoprofen trometamol.
Presentation optimization of research results using the accidential balance method and influence factors that have different equivalents of measurement
Authors: Revyatskyy I. , Barchuk O. 
Published: March 2019

The results obtained based on the random balance method are usually presented using scattering diagrams. Their number corresponds to the number of criteria for evaluation, since both impact factors and evaluation criteria can be measured by different units or their values may fall into different ranges of one scale of measurement. In addition, the evaluation criteria may have acceptable limits, and the results obtained in the study may be beyond them. Based on these diagrams it is not convenient to compare the results obtained with each other. Therefore, the aim of the work was to optimize the visual presentation of the results of the study using the random balance method with the factors of influence having different units of measurement, using relative values and their presentation in the same diagram similar to the presentation of the results obtained based on sensitivity analysis.
In the study were analyzed the methods of graphical presentation of results obtained based on the sensitivity analysis and method of random balance, as well as approaches to the construction of diagrams in the MS Excel spreadsheets. The study's objects were the scattering diagrams of the results of the original study. These diagrams showed the influence of quantitative factors (the amount of excipients) on the quality indicators of tablets (time of disintegration of tablets and the resistance to crushing of tablets). The original study was the development of optimal composition and technology of the tablets by direct compression. The composition of tablets was: extract of bilberry leaves and goat’s rue herb and taurine.
We analyzed the construction of matrices of changes in the magnitude of the factors of influence and the values of points along the abscissa axis for constructing a scattering diagram. We substantiated the expediency of using the relative value for the construction of a single diagram for the presentation of all the results of the influence of factors on the criteria of evaluation. The process of constructing a chart based on the type of “histogram with accumulation” is described. The algorithms of construction of data series diagrams (as data sources of the diagram), their representation and methods of calculation of their values are presented. It was proposed to present the series of data using certain graphic images, rather than color shading. This approach allows to see the vector dependence of the change in the value of the criterion on the magnitude of the factor of influence graphically.
The proposed method allows to present on the one diagram the influence of various factors (with different units of measurement or different ranges of values) on several different evaluation criteria, as well as the result of this influence in relation to the admissible limits (standards) of the evaluation criteria.
Analysis of antiviral use efficiency criteria in the complex pharmacotherapy of community acquired pneumonia
Authors: Soloviov S. O. , Dziublyk I. V. , Trokhymchuk V. V. 
Published: March 2019

According to modern view, bacterial pathogens are the leading and most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), but at the same time the results of numerous microbiological studies conducted in recent years showed that viruses confidently play the next leading role of CAP causes. Today, antiviral therapy is successfully used within the complex therapy of respiratory diseases, which allows reduction of the disease severity and minimizes the risk of complications. The main requirements for the antiviral drug are fully responsive to the new antiviral drug vitaglutam, the active component of which is pentanedioic acid imidazolyl ethanamide, is a low molecular weight compound, an analogue of the natural peptidoamine.
The aim of the work. Mathematical modeling and analysis of clinical and laboratory indicators dynamics of CAP with additional antiviral pharmacotherapy based on pentanedioic acid imidazolyl ethanamide.
In the study, it was used retrospective data of 106 patients with mild form of CAP of viral and bacterial etiology. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. In the 1st main group (50 patients), antibacterial therapy was combined with the antiviral drug vitaglutam. Analysis of antiviral therapy efficiency was provided by grouping of patients and determination of their distribution by gradations of clinical and laboratory indicators, as well as the construction of a mathematical model of their dynamics.
According to modeling results, the rate of body temperature normalization, which was higher in patients taking vitaglutam, was a clear criterion for the efficiency of antiviral therapy. With additional antiviral therapy, the dynamics of sputum in the lungs was less intense. Positive clinical changes were accompanied by an improvement in the clinical blood analysis indicators, namely, more significant was the dynamics of ESR decrease. At the same time, dynamics of leukocytes number in patients’ blood was approximately the same in both groups.
Analysis of dynamics of clinical and laboratory indicators using the proposed mathematical model suggests that additional prescription of vitaglutam to empirical stepwise antibiotic therapy can significantly reduce the time to achieve clinical and laboratory results of treatment of patients with CAP of viral and bacterial etiology.
Synthesis and physical-chemical properties of 8-bromo-3-methyl-7-α-methylbenzylxanthine derivatives
Authors: Ivanchenko D. G. 
Published: March 2019

The level of modern pharmaceutical science development is determined by the introduction in medical practice of new effective and non-toxic drugs. The problem of new drugs search depends on the presence in the arsenal of pharmacologists significant amount of original and promising bioactive compounds. In this aspect a special role is given to synthetic compounds of natural origin, which are successfully used in medical practice. Recent researches of national and foreign scientists suggest significant perspective synthetic xanthine derivatives in the creation of new drugs with various effects.
The aim of this paper is synthesis of 8-bromo-3-methyl-7-α-methylbenzylxanthine derivatives, unspecified in scientific papers earlier, and to study their physical and chemical properties.
The melting point has been determined by open capillary method on the device PTP (M). Elemental analysis has been performed on the device Elementar Vario L cube. NMR spectra have been taken using spectrometer Bruker SF-200.
Synthesis of 8-bromo-3-methyl-7-α-methylbenzylxanthine was performed through boiling of 8-bromo-3-methylxanthine together with α-methylbenzylchloride. Having applied the reaction of the latter with an excess of a primary or secondary heterocyclic amine in the methoxyethanol environment, a range of corresponding 8-aminosubstituted 3-methylxanthine has been obtained. The heating of initial syntone with an excess of hydrazine hydrate in aqueous dioxane environment leads to the formation of 8-hydrazinoxanthine. Corresponding 8-(indolon-2-ylidene-3)-hydrazinoxanthines have been obtained through short-time heating up 8-hydrazinoxanthine with N-substituted isatin in aqueous dioxane environment. Structure of synthesized compounds has been definitely proved by NMR-spectroscopy.
Simple laboratory method has been elaborated to synthesize 8-bromo-3-methyl-7-α-methylbenzylxanthine, which is initial compound for further chemical modification of xanthine molecule. Reactions of 8-bromo-3-methyl-7-α-methylbenzylxanthine with N-containing nucleophiles have been investigated. This allowed to obtain the previously undescribed 8-amino- and 8-hydrazinosubstituted 3-methyl-7-α-methylbenzylxanthine. Physical and chemical properties of new synthesized compounds have been studied. A synthetic perspective of the obtained substances has been shown.