bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A learning analytics dashboard to support students' reflection on collaboration
Authors: Echeverria Vanessa , Nieto Gloria Fernandez , Zhao Linxuan , Palominos Evelyn , Srivastava Namrata , Gašević Dragan , Pammer‐Schindler Viktoria , Martinez‐Maldonado Roberto 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundDashboards play a prominent role in learning analytics (LA) research. In collaboration activities, dashboards can show traces of team participation. They are often evaluated based on students' perceived satisfaction and engagement with the dashboard. However, there is a notable methodological gap in understanding how these dashboards support the nuanced process of student reflection.ObjectiveThis paper presents empirical evidence on how students from high and low‐performing groups reflect individually on their performance while using a Learning Analytics Dashboard (LAD).MethodsWe address this in the context of education in healthcare, wherein we captured actions and positioning data from a simulation‐based collaborative activity and generated a collaborative LAD. A total of 41 nursing students were invited to participate in a post‐hoc semi‐structured individual interview to use a collaborative LAD while answering a set of prompts to reflect on their individual and group performance. Students' reflections were coded and analysed using Bain's 5R reflection framework. We used epistemic network analysis to capture the dynamic reflection process and to understand the connections between the reflection stages (from low to high). We compared how different these connections were for students in high and low‐performing groups.Results and ConclusionsOur results revealed that most students were only able to achieve low and middle stages of reflection. Yet, students in low‐performing groups predominantly followed low‐to‐middle stages of reflection. In contrast, students from high‐performing groups demonstrated the ability to transition between low‐to‐middle and low‐to‐high stages of reflection. Based on these findings, we discuss implications for both research and practice, particularly emphasising the necessity to scaffold reflection when using LADs.
High frequency of mitochondrial DNA rearrangements in the peripheral blood of adults with intellectual disability
Authors: Bulduk B. K. , Tortajada J. , Torres‐Egurrola L. , Valiente‐Pallejà A. , Martínez‐Leal R. , Vilella E. , Torrell H. , Muntané G. , Martorell L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundMitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) rearrangements are recognised factors in mitochondrial disorders and ageing, but their involvement in neurodevelopmental disorders, particularly intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), remains poorly understood. Previous studies have reported mitochondrial dysfunction in individuals with both ID and ASD. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of large‐scale mtDNA rearrangements in ID and ID with comorbid ASD (ID‐ASD).MethodWe used mtDNA‐targeted next‐generation sequencing and the MitoSAlt high‐throughput computational pipeline in peripheral blood samples from 76 patients with ID (mean age 52.5 years, 37% female), 59 patients with ID‐ASD (mean age 41.3 years, 46% female) and 32 healthy controls (mean age 42.4 years, 47% female) from Catalonia.ResultsThe study revealed a high frequency of mtDNA rearrangements in patients with ID, with 10/76 (13.2%) affected individuals. However, the prevalence was significantly lower in patients with ID‐ASD 1/59 (1.7%) and in HC 1/32 (3.1%). Among the mtDNA rearrangements, six were identified as deletions (median size 6937 bp and median heteroplasmy level 2.3%) and six as duplications (median size 10 455 bp and median heteroplasmy level 1.9%). One of the duplications, MT‐ATP6 m.8765‐8793dup (29 bp), was present in four individuals with ID with a median heteroplasmy level of 3.9%.ConclusionsOur results show that mtDNA rearrangements are frequent in patients with ID, but not in those with ID‐ASD, when compared to HC. Additionally, MitoSAlt has demonstrated high sensitivity and accuracy in detecting mtDNA rearrangements, even at very low heteroplasmy levels in blood samples. While the high frequency of mtDNA rearrangements in ID is noteworthy, the role of these rearrangements is currently unclear and needs to be confirmed with further data, particularly in post‐mitotic tissues and through age‐matched control studies.
AI in Aesthetic/Cosmetic Dermatology: Current and Future
Authors: Thunga Sukruthi , Khan Marius , Cho Soo Ick , Na Jung Im , Yoo Jane 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundRecent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have significantly impacted dermatology, particularly in diagnosing skin diseases. However, aesthetic dermatology faces unique challenges due to subjective evaluations and the lack of standardized assessment methods.AimsThis review aims to explore the current state of AI in dermatology, evaluate its application in diagnosing skin conditions, and discuss the limitations of traditional evaluation methods in aesthetic dermatology. Additionally, the review proposes strategies for future integration of AI to address existing challenges.MethodsA comprehensive review of AI applications in dermatology was conducted, in both diagnostic and aesthetic fields. Traditional methods such as subjective surveys and hardware devices were analyzed and compared with emerging AI technologies. The limitations of current AI models were evaluated, and the need for standardized evaluation methods and diverse datasets was identified.ResultsAI has shown great potential in diagnosing skin diseases, particularly skin cancer. However, in aesthetic dermatology, traditional methods remain subjective and lack standardization, therefore limiting their effectiveness. Emerging AI applications in this field show promise, but they have significant limitations due to biased datasets and inconsistent evaluation methods.ConclusionsTo develop the potential of AI in aesthetic dermatology, it is crucial to create standardized evaluation methods, collect diverse datasets reflecting various ethnicities and ages, and educate practitioners on AI's utility and limitations. Addressing these challenges will improve diagnostic accuracy, better patient outcomes, and help integrate AI effectively into clinical practice.
CD1a affects the recurrence and prognosis of ovarian cancer
Authors: Zhu Qiong , Liu Jun , Xie Yinghao , Wu Chengqiu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveExplored the correlation between CD1a expression in recurrence and prognosis of ovarian cancer (OV).MethodsThe CD1a expression profile in OV, recurrent OV, and normal tissues, as well as corresponding clinical data, were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and Genotype Tissue Expression (GTEx) databases. Meanwhile, immunohistochemical detection of CD1a expression in normal and OV tissues. Kaplan–Meier curves were plotted to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of survival in OV. In addition, the correlation between CD1a and immune cells in OV, as well as the CD1a expression profile and corresponding survival time in pan‐cancer were obtained from TCGA database.ResultsCD1a was overexpressed in OV and was significantly under‐expressed in recurrent OV (TCGA‐OV, p < 0.0001 and ICGC‐OV, p < 0.0001). CD1a immunohistochemistry is significantly overexpressed in OV compared to normal tissue (p < 0.05). Recurrent OV (ICGC, p < 0.001; GSE17260, p < 0.001; GSE32062, p < 0.05). The prognosis in OV was significantly better when CD1a is overexpressed compared to under‐expressed (HR [low], 1.426: 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.912–2.128; p = 0.050). Meanwhile, the overexpression of CD1a has a better prognosis than low expression in OV and recurrent OV (p = 0.004, HR [low] = 2.462, 95%CI [1.346–4.504] and p = 0.011, HR [low] = 2.199, 95%CI [1.202–4.024]). In addition, CD1a expression was closely correlated with immune cells, the CD8+ T cells, macrophages, and NK cells, while uncharacterized cells were significantly different (p = 2.65e−6, p = 7.52e−13, p = 8.28e−12, and p = 5.89e−8, respectively). Moreover, CD1a expression affected the prognosis in various other cancers.ConclusionsCD1a expression affected the recurrence and prognosis of OV and is closely related to various immune cell levels.
Utilization of digitally milled verification jigs for recording jaw relations in complete‐arch implant rehabilitation: A digital clinical report
Authors: Altoman Majed S. , Alshowail Lamia Yahya M. , Alfaifi Mohammed A. , Alqarni Hatem , Gadah Thuraya S. , Kattadiyil Mathew T. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis clinical report introduces a digital approach that utilizes milled verification jigs to acquire the jaw relations for the fabrication of monolithic zirconia implant‐supported fixed complete dental prosthesis (IFCDP), in patients without a conversion implant prosthesis. The procedures employ photogrammetry for precise data acquisition, combined with image‐based capture in 4 dimensions (ICAM4D), to design and mill verification jigs that accurately record the occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) and centric relation (CR). This approach streamlines the clinical workflow by reducing the number of patient visits and associated costs while enhancing precision and predictability. It eliminates the need for conventional steps and analog definitive casts in the fabrication of IFCDP without a conversion implant prosthesis.
Political Accountability and the Distortion of Law Enforcement
Authors: Yamaguchi Yohei , Yahagi Ken 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTCitizens may derive personal benefits from new technologies while remaining uncertain about their potential social harm. Consequently, citizens may delegate the decision of legal prohibition to politicians, but conflicts can arise because politicians may have self‐interested motivations. How does the interaction of uncertainty regarding social harm and politicians' incentives affect the legal prohibition of new technologies? To answer this question, we develop a two‐period political agency model combined with a law enforcement model in which citizens endogenously determine whether to become law‐breaking or law‐abiding citizens. We then demonstrate that (i) when uncertainty regarding social harm is low, politicians tend to opt for under‐enforcement, while (ii) when uncertainty is high, politicians are inclined toward over‐enforcement. Additionally, we show that as politicians have greater motivation to hold office, expected welfare is enhanced when future uncertainty about harm exceeds current uncertainty although this may result in distorted law enforcement.
Determination of Plasma Metabolites and Basal Ileal Endogenous Amino Acid Losses in Growing Pigs Fed a Nitrogen‐Free or Casein Diet
Authors: Ávila‐Arres Iris Elisa , Reis De Souza Tércia Cesária , Ramírez‐Rodríguez Ericka , Mariscal‐Landín Gerardo 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe nitrogen‐free diet (NFD) method for determining basal ileal endogenous losses (BEL) of amino acids (AA) has been associated with different metabolic abnormalities that can affect the accurate determination of BEL. Consequently, the use of highly digestible proteins has been suggested. This study aimed to determine the metabolic status and BEL of AA in pigs fed either an NFD or a casein (CAS) diet. Eight cannulated, castrated male pigs (39.8 kg) were randomly assigned to a 2 × 2 crossover design. An NFD diet based on corn starch, dextrose, cellulose, oil, vitamins and minerals was used. The CAS diet was equivalent, but 18% of the corn starch was replaced with casein. Pigs were fed one of the diets for a 7‐day period, and blood samples were collected at the beginning and end of each period to determine plasma metabolites. Ileal digesta samples were collected on Days 6 and 7 to estimate the BEL of the AA. Results indicated that plasma albumin was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in pigs fed the CAS diet, whereas creatinine and LDL levels were higher (p < 0.03) in pigs fed the NFD. No significant differences were observed in the levels of other plasma metabolites. The BEL of protein did not differ between diets. However, in pigs fed the CAS diet, the BEL of glutamic acid, aspartic acid, serine, glycine, histidine, threonine, alanine, tyrosine and valine significantly increased (p < 0.05), while isoleucine showed a tendency to increase (p = 0.06). In conclusion, NFD did not significantly affect energy and lipid metabolism in pigs. However, the decrease in albumin synthesis and increase in plasma creatinine levels indicate that pigs fed NFD have a negative protein balance, affecting the estimation of the BEL of AA. Therefore, it is essential to consider the metabolic state of animals when estimating the BEL of AA.
Performing national practices of solidarity‐through‐sameness
Authors: Shoham Hizky 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe literature on national solidarity is puzzled by the question of how solidarity can bridge social differences and has not asked how it works through sameness; that question was relegated to the literature on national identity. But can solidarity create nationhood through sameness? This theoretical article rehabilitates Durkheim's underused concept of mechanical solidarity and proposes to study sameness not as a human given, identity or group quality, but as a social performance that constitutes similarity between people and thus also solidarity. Whilst mechanical solidarity can function in all types of groups, it is particularly prominent in the context of nationhood. To explain how, the article explores performances of national customs related to food, which convey a conformist and unreflective subjectivity as well as horizontal unanimity. When people do things collectively, they perform national solidarity without necessarily indicating a collective identity that exists out there or agreeing about ideas and values. Contrary to common stereotypes of modern societies as ‘complex’, the article underscores sameness as crucial to modern nationalism—still the most significant socio‐political principle of our era.
On Skin, Monsters and Boundaries: What The Silence of the Lambs can Teach Nurses About Abjection
Authors: Johansson Jim A. , Holmes Dave 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe 1991 film The Silence of the Lambs tracks the fictional pursuit of an American serial killer by a Federal Bureau of Investigation trainee, via the assistance of another incarcerated serial killer. It features psychologically disturbing themes, such as corpses, the mutilation of skin and monstrous persons. Incidentally, these are all themes regularly encountered by nurses in their day‐to‐day practices, including forensic mental health nurses. Despite regular encounters with these themes and phenomena, nurses continue to find them disturbing and troubling, but, at the same time, clinically fascinating. This paper will mobilize Kristeva's poststructuralist, psychoanalytic concept of abjection to relate the encounters in The Silence of the Lambs to those of nurses, to reconceptualize feelings of both disgust and fascination and to consider how vulnerability may benefit nursing practice. Of particular relevance are the breakdown of skin encountered in nursing practice, encounters with corpses and work with forensic patients considered monstrous. The film provides opportunity for nurses to conceptualize abjection in their own practice and to consider how a reconceptualization of boundaries and vulnerability may prove productive.
Marine macrophytes in a changing world: mechanisms underpinning responses and resilience to environmental stress – an introduction to a Virtual Issue
Authors: Smale Dan A. , King Nathan G. 
Published: November 2024

This Editorial introduces the Virtual Issue ‘Marine macrophytes in a changing world: mechanisms underpinning responses and resilience to environmental stress’ that includes the following papers: Campbell et al. (2018), Collier et al. (2018), Ferreira et al. (2014), Jung et al. (2023), Konotchick et al. (2013), Litsi‐Mizan et al. (2023), McIntire & Fajardo (2014), Murúa et al. (2020), Pedersen et al. (2016), Saha et al. (2024), Schmidt & Saha (2021), Smale (2020), Viana et al. (2019). Access the Virtual Issue at www.newphytologist.com/virtualissues.
From nature to urbanity: exploring phyllosphere microbiome and functional gene responses to the Anthropocene
Authors: Li Jian , Petticord Daniel F. , Jin Mingkang , Huang Lijie , Hui Dafeng , Sardans Jordi , Peñuelas Josep , Yang Xiaoru , Zhu Yong‐Guan 
Published: November 2024

Summary
The Anthropocene exerts various pressures and influences on the stability and function of the Earth's ecosystems. However, our understanding of how the microbiome responds in form and function to these disturbances is still limited, particularly when considering the phyllosphere, which represents one of the largest microbial reservoirs in the terrestrial ecosystem.
In this study, we comprehensively characterized tree phyllosphere bacteria and associated nutrient‐cycling genes in natural, rural, suburban, and urban habitats in China.
Results revealed that phyllosphere bacterial community diversity, richness, stability, and composition heterogeneity were greatest at the most disturbed sites. Stochastic processes primarily governed the assembly of phyllosphere bacterial communities, although the role of deterministic processes (environmental selection) in shaping these communities gradually increased as we moved from rural to urban sites. Our findings also suggest that human disturbance is associated with the reduced influence of drift as increasingly layered environmental filters deterministically constrain phyllosphere bacterial communities. The intensification of human activity was mirrored in changes in functional gene expression within the phyllosphere microbiome, resulting in enhanced gene abundance, diversity, and compositional variation in highly human‐driven disturbed environments. Furthermore, we found that while the relative proportion of core microbial taxa decreased in disturbed habitats, a core set of microbial taxa shaped the distributional characteristics of both microbiomes and functional genes at all levels of disturbance.
In sum, this study offers valuable insights into how anthropogenic disturbance may influence phyllosphere microbial dynamics and improves our understanding of the intricate relationship between environmental stressors, microbial communities, and plant function within the Anthropocene.
Fighting to thrive via plant growth regulators: Green chemical strategies for drought stress tolerance
Authors: Raza Ali , Bhardwaj Savita , Rahman Md Atikur , García‐Caparrós Pedro , Copeland Rhys G. R. , Charagh Sidra , Rivero Rosa M. , Gopalakrishnan Subramaniam , Corpas Francisco J. , Siddique Kadambot H. M. , Hu Zhangli 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAs global climate change intensifies, the occurrence and severity of various abiotic stresses will significantly threaten plant health and productivity. Drought stress (DS) is a formidable obstacle, disrupting normal plant functions through specific morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms. Understanding how plants navigate DS is paramount to mitigating its adverse effects. In response to DS, plants synthesize or accumulate various plant growth regulators (PGRs), including phytohormones, neurotransmitters, gasotransmitters, and polyamines, which present promising sustainable green chemical strategies to adapt or tolerate stress conditions. These PGRs orchestrate crucial plant structure and function adjustments, activating defense systems and modulating cellular‐level responses, transcript levels, transcription factors, metabolic genes, and stress‐responsive candidate proteins. However, the efficacy of these molecules in mitigating DS depends on the plant species, applied PGR dose, treatment type, duration of DS exposure, and growth stages. Thus, exploring the integrated impact of PGRs on enhancing plant fitness and DS tolerance is crucial for global food security and sustainable agriculture. This review investigates plant responses to DS, explains the potential of exogenously applied diverse PGRs, dissects the complex chemistry among PGRs, and sheds light on omics approaches for harnessing the molecular basis of DS tolerance. This updated review delivers comprehensive mechanistic insights for leveraging various PGRs to enhance overall plant fitness under DS conditions.
Serum integrin accumulation during asthma exacerbation: The role of matrix metalloproteinases
Authors: Tellez‐Jimenez Olivia , Trejo‐Jasso Christian , Ramos‐Ramirez Patricia , Chapela Rocío , Miguel‐Reyes José Luis , López‐Estrada Erika del Carmen , Bazán‐Perkins Blanca 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe inflammation caused by asthma exacerbation can lead to permanent changes in the airways and loss of lung function. Integrins are membrane receptors that interact with components of the extracellular matrix and cell adhesion molecules. It is known that these receptors can be found in soluble form in some conditions such as asthma, but it is unknown if exacerbation during asthma leads to soluble integrins. Our results indicated that asthma patients showed higher levels of soluble α1, α2, and β2 integrin subunits in their serum compared to controls, as confirmed by both ELISA and western blot. During asthma exacerbation, the levels of α2 and β2 integrin subunits increased even more compared to non‐exacerbation and controls, while the α1 integrin subunit decreased. Western blot analysis identified two β2 integrin subunits, one at 75 kDa and another at 120 kDa; the 120 kDa subunit increased during asthma exacerbation. The activity of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) increased during exacerbation, while MMP2 remained unchanged. Lower forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) values were associated with higher expression levels of α2, β1, and β2 integrin subunits. Active and latent MMP9 were correlated with the levels of the β2 integrin subunit, which means that at low levels of active and latent MMP9, there are lower levels of β2 integrin subunit. In conclusion, asthma exacerbation leads to the presence of soluble integrins, particularly the β2 subunit, most likely due to MMP9‐induced proteolytic cleavage.
Cross‐group contact predicts positive beliefs about girls’ and Black peers’ STEM abilities and occupational prospects
Authors: Forbes Marley B. , Kaufman Elise M. , Rumberger Jonquil , Killen Melanie 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHigh‐quality forms of intergroup contact, such as cross‐group play and friendships, have been identified as particularly effective for promoting positive beliefs toward outgroup peers. Relations between children's cross‐group play experiences and their beliefs about peers’ math and science competencies and high‐status occupational prospects have not yet been examined. Understanding these relations is important given that children from minoritized groups continue to face exclusion and bias in these domains. The present study examined the associations between children's (N = 983, Mage = 9.64, SDage = .89) reported cross‐group play experiences and their math and science competency beliefs and high‐status occupation expectations about girls and Black peers. Results revealed that, for majority group participants (i.e., boys and White children), higher levels of cross‐group play were associated with significantly higher beliefs and expectations for girls and Black peers. Further, results demonstrated contexts in which higher levels of cross‐group play were positively associated with girls’ and Black children's beliefs and expectations for their own groups. Together, these findings advance theory and research on the benefits of cross‐group contact in childhood by highlighting novel outcomes to which cross‐group contact is positively related, as well as by showing that children from both minoritized and majority status groups stand to benefit from cross‐group contact.