bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Water‐Binding‐Mediated Gelation/Crystallization and Thermosensitive Superchirality
Authors: Xing Pengyao , Li Yongxin , Wang Yang , Li Pei‐Zhou , Chen Hongzhong , Phua Soo Zeng Fiona , Zhao Yanli 
Published: April 2018

AbstractDetermination of molecular structural parameters of hydrophobic cholesterol–naphthalimide conjugates for water binding capabilities as well as their moisture‐sensitive supramolecular self‐assembly were revealed. Water binding was a key factor in leading trace water‐induced crystallization against gelation in apolar solvent. Ordered water molecules entrapped in self‐assembly arrays revealed by crystal structures behave as hydrogen‐bonding linkers to facilitate three‐dimensional growth into crystals rather than one‐dimensional gel nanofibers. Water binding was also reflected on the supramolecular chirality inversion of vesicle self‐assembly in aqueous media via heating‐induced dehydration. Structural parameters that favor water binding were evaluated in detail, which could help rationally design organic building units for advancing soft materials, crystal engineering, and chiral recognition.
Janus Graft Block Copolymers: Design of a Polymer Architecture for Independently Tuned Nanostructures and Polymer Properties
Authors: Guo Zi‐Hao , Le An N. , Feng Xunda , Choo Youngwoo , Liu Bingqian , Wang Danyu , Wan Zhengyi , Gu Yuwei , Zhao Julia , Li Vince , Osuji Chinedum O. , Johnson Jeremiah A. , Zhong Mingjiang 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe graft‐through synthesis of Janus graft block copolymers (GBCPs) from branched macromonomers composed of various combinations of homopolymers is presented. Self‐assembly of GBCPs resulted in ordered nanostructures with ultra‐small domain sizes down to 2.8 nm (half‐pitch). The grafted architecture introduces an additional parameter, the backbone length, which enables control over the thermomechanical properties and processability of the GBCPs independently of their self‐assembled nanostructures. The simple synthetic route to GBCPs and the possibility of using a variety of polymer combinations contribute to the universality of this technique.
Simultaneous Quantification of Multiple Cancer Biomarkers in Blood Samples through DNA‐Assisted Nanopore Sensing
Authors: Liu Lei , Li Ting , Zhang Shouwen , Song Peng , Guo Bingyuan , Zhao Yuliang , Wu Hai‐Chen 
Published: April 2018

AbstractProtein biomarkers in blood have been widely used in the early diagnosis of disease. However, simultaneous detection of many biomarkers in a single sample remains challenging. Herein, we show that the combination of a sandwich assay and DNA‐assisted nanopore sensing could unambiguously identify and quantify several antigens in a mixture. We use five barcode DNAs to label different gold nanoparticles that can selectively bind specific antigens. After the completion of the sandwich assay, barcode DNAs are released and subject to nanopore translocation tests. The distinct current signatures generated by each barcode DNA allow simultaneous quantification of biomarkers at picomolar level in clinical samples. This approach would be very useful for accurate and multiplexed quantification of cancer‐associated biomarkers within a very small sample volume, which is critical for non‐invasive early diagnosis of cancer.
Surface Engineering of Carbon Nitride Electrode by Molecular Cobalt Species and Their Photoelectrochemical Application
Authors: Chen Zupeng , Wang Hongqiang , Xu Jingsan , Liu Jian 
Published: April 2018

AbstractGraphitic carbon nitride (CN) has been widely regarded as a promising photocatalyst since the discovery of its capability for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Herein, we developed a functional CN film on a conductive fluorine‐doped tin oxide (FTO) electrode by using a microprinting‐based direct growth method. Furthermore, the photoelectrochemical performance of the derived CN@FTO film was demonstrated to be enhanced by incorporating molecular cobalt species. The reduced charge transport resistance in the cobalt‐modified CN@FTO films is suggested to accelerate the charge‐carrier transfer rate and thus to improve the performance in photoelectrochemical application. The approach is versatile and can be further optimized by selecting a proper “ink” solution and modifier on various conductive substrates.
Visible‐Light‐Promoted Synthesis of Fluoroalkylated Oximes
Authors: Lee Da Seul , Hwang Ho Seong , Cho Eun Jin 
Published: April 2018

AbstractA method has been developed for the synthesis of fluoroalkylated oximes, potential fluoroalkyl building‐blocks for the synthesis of various organofluorine compounds, from easily available amino substrates and fluoroalkylated alkenes. tBuONO was utilized both as a diazotizing agent and as a NO radical source for the oxime synthesis in the process, and the use of a photocatalyst under visible‐light irradiation increased the efficiency of the reaction. Various fluoroalkylated oximes were prepared by a tandem process of aryl radical addition to fluoroalkylated alkene and consecutive oxime generation process, albeit in moderate yields. This differentiated approach, transferring an aromatic system into an electron‐deficient fluoroalkylated alkene, expands the scope of substrates where electron‐poor aromatic systems could be utilized.
Applications of virtual reality in learning the photoelectric effect of liquid crystal display
Authors: Tarng Wernhuar , Lee Chi‐Young , Lin Chih‐Ming , Chen Wei‐Hun 
Published: April 2018

AbstractLiquid crystals are the matter in a state with properties between solid crystals and conventional liquids. Due to their special physical, chemical, and photoelectric properties, liquid crystals are often applied in the displays of portable consumer devices because they can solve the problems of heavy weights and large sizes in traditional cathode ray tube (CRT) displays. Virtual reality (VR) is a computer technology to create an immersive environment for simulating the real world through one's sense organs. The user can see and hear as if situated in the real world, and even interact with virtual objects or other people manifested by avatars to experience lifelike feelings in the virtual environments. In this study, a virtual laboratory is developed for learning the photoelectric effect of liquid crystal displays (LCD). The users can operate the LCD device by changing the electric field to control the direction of crystal alignment. They can also manipulate a marquee on the LCD to move the text from the left (or right) to the opposite direction, and use LCD shuttle glasses to view stereo images to understand its operating principle. A teaching experiment has been conducted to investigate the learning effectiveness of the virtual laboratory in comparison with that of using traditional teaching aids. The results show that the virtual laboratory could enhance students' learning interest and achievement. They believed that the high interactivity and 3D visualization could help them understand the photoelectric effect of LCD.
The prognostic impact of revascularization strategy in acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock: Insights from the British Columbia Cardiac Registry
Authors: McNeice Andrew , Nadra Imad J. , Robinson Simon D. , Fretz Eric , Ding Lillian , Fung Anthony , Aymong Eve , Chan Albert W. , Hodge Steven , Webb John , Sheth Tej , Jolly Sanjit S. , Mehta Shamir R. , Della Siega Anthony , Wood David A. , Iqbal M. Bilal ,   on behalf of the British Columbia Cardiac Registry Investigators
Published: April 2018

AbstractBackgroundIn patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and cardiogenic shock (CS), percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of the culprit vessel is associated with improved outcomes. A large majority of these patients have multivessel disease (MVD). Whether or not PCI of non‐culprit disease in the acute setting improves outcomes continues to be debated. We evaluated the prognostic impact of revascularization strategy for patients presenting with AMI and CS.MethodsWe compared culprit vessel intervention (CVI) versus multivessel intervention in 649 patients with AMI, CS, and MVD enrolled in the British Columbia Cardiac Registry. We evaluated mortality at 30 days and 1 year.ResultsCVI was associated with lower mortality at 30 days (23.7% vs. 34.5%, P = 0.004) and 1 year (32.6% vs. 44.3%, P = 0.003). CVI was an independent predictor for survival at 30 days (HR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.45–0.88, P = 0.009) and 1 year (HR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.54–0.96, P = 0.027). These findings were confirmed in propensity‐matched cohorts. Subgroup analyses indicated that CVI was associated with lower mortality in patients aged <80 years; non‐diabetics; and those presenting with ST‐elevation MI. When analyzing non‐culprit anatomy, PCI of non‐culprit LAD disease was associated with higher 1‐year mortality (HR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.13–2.01, P = 0.006), primarily with non‐culprit proximal LAD disease (HR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.20–2.76, P = 0.005). However, PCI of non‐culprit non‐proximal LAD, LCx, and RCA disease was not associated with mortality.ConclusionsIn patients with AMI and CS, a strategy of CVI appears to be associated with lower mortality. These findings are consistent with recently published randomized‐controlled trial data.
Improved Electrocatalytic Performance in Overall Water Splitting with Rational Design of Hierarchical Co3O4@NiFe Layered Double Hydroxide Core–Shell Nanostructure
Authors: Wang Shanpeng , Wu Jian , Yin Junwen , Hu Qi , Geng Dongsheng , Liu Li‐Min 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by the groups of Li‐Min Liu (Beijing Computational Science Research Center, China) and Dongsheng Geng (University of Science and Technology Beijing, China). The cover picture shows that the as‐prepared Co3O4@NiFe layered double hydroxide electrode with a core–shell structure exhibits excellent electrocatalyst performance in overall water splitting. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/celc.201800194.
C‐Functionalized Cationic Diazaoxatriangulenes: Late‐Stage Synthesis and Tuning of Physicochemical Properties
Authors: Delgado Irene Hernández , Pascal Simon , Besnard Céline , Voci Silvia , Bouffier Laurent , Sojic Neso , Lacour Jérôme 
Published: April 2018

AbstractA series of nine C‐functionalized cationic diazaoxatriangulene (DAOTA) dyes have been successfully synthesized and fully characterized, including X‐ray structural analysis of four derivatives. The introduction of electron‐withdrawing or ‐donating functions enables the tuning of both electro‐ and photochemical properties with, for instance, two consecutive (reversible) reductions or oxidations observed for nitro or amino derivatives, respectively. The substituents also impacted on the optical properties, with absorption maxima varying from λ=528 to 640 nm and fluorescence being shifted from the yellow to the red range, up to λ=656 nm.
Donor‐influenced Structure–Activity Correlations in Stoichiometric and Catalytic Reactions of Lithium Monoamido‐Monohydrido‐Dialkylaluminates
Authors: Lemmerz Lara E. , McLellan Ross , Judge Neil R. , Kennedy Alan R. , Orr Samantha A. , Uzelac Marina , Hevia Eva , Robertson Stuart D. , Okuda Jun , Mulvey Robert E. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractA series of heteroleptic monoamido‐monohydrido‐dialkylaluminate complexes of general formula [iBu2AlTMPHLi⋅donor] were synthesized and characterised in solution and in the solid state. Applying these complexes in catalytic hydroboration reactions with representative aldehydes and ketones reveals that all are competent, however a definite donor substituent effect is discernible. The bifunctional nature of the complexes is also probed by assessing their performance in metallation of a triazole and phenylacetylene and addition across pyrazine. These results lead to an example of phenylacetylene hydroboration, which likely proceeds via deprotonation, rather than insertion as observed with the aldehydes and ketones. Collectively, the results emphasise that reactivity is strongly influenced by both the mixed‐metal constitution and mixed‐ligand constitution of the new aluminates.
A cationic polymer enhanced PAC for the removal of dissolved aquatic organic carbon and organic nitrogen from surface waters
Authors: Wang Chuang , Zhu Guocheng , Ren Bozhi , Zhang Peng , Hursthouse Andrew 
Published: April 2018

AbstractDissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) are important components of the aquatic environment and may produce harmful disinfection by‐products through chlorination associated with water treatment processes. Therefore, it is necessary to remove them from the water. Coagulation is a cost‐effective water treatment technique as the key unit in the pretreatment of drinking water but deals with DON poorly. We present a study to investigate the enhancement of poly aluminum chloride (PAC) using a cationic polymer for the removal of both DON and DOC. The cationic dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (PDMDAAC) polymer was hybridized with PAC to remove DON and DOC. The results showed that the PDMDAAC increased the charge neutralization capacity of PAC and floc aggregation, thereby increasing the settling efficiency of the flocs. The PDMDAAC increased the amount of colloidal species in PAC, which was beneficial to the formation of adsorption‐bridging. With the increase of pH, a greater proportion of colloidal adsorption sites were used in the removal of DON. The DOC, DON, and turbidity removal were dependent on multiple interactions through charge neutralization, adsorption‐bridging, and floc sweeping. However, DOC and DON removal were primarily determined by adsorption‐bridging and floc sweeping, while turbidity removal was mainly dependent on charge neutralization.
Droplet Digital PCR with EvaGreen Assay: Confirmational Analysis of Structural Variants
Authors: Tai Angela C. , Parfenov Michael , Gorham Joshua M. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractDNA structural variants can be analyzed by droplet digital PCR (ddPCR), a water‐oil microfluidics and fluorescence technology to quantify target nucleic acids with extreme precision and sensitivity. Traditional ddPCR uses expensive fluorescent oligonucleotide probes that require extensive optimization. Here we describe a variation of ddPCR using a DNA‐binding dye (EvaGreen), whose properties allow target products to be effectively quantified at a significantly lower cost. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Overview of Huntington's Disease Models: Neuropathological, Molecular, and Behavioral Differences
Authors: Rangel‐Barajas Claudia , Rebec George V. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractTransgenic mouse models of Huntington's disease (HD), a neurodegenerative condition caused by a single gene mutation, have been transformative in their ability to reveal the molecular processes and pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the HD behavioral phenotype. Three model categories have been generated depending on the genetic context in which the mutation is expressed: truncated, full‐length, and knock‐in. No single model, however, broadly replicates the behavioral symptoms and massive neuronal loss that occur in human patients. The disparity between model and patient requires careful consideration of what each model has to offer when testing potential treatments. Although the translation of animal data to the clinic has been limited, each model can make unique contributions toward an improved understanding of the neurobehavioral underpinnings of HD. Thus, conclusions based on data obtained from more than one model are likely to have the most success in the search for new treatment targets. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
An updated overview with simple and practical approach for developing in vitro–in vivo correlation
Authors: Jacob Shery , Nair Anroop B 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Preclinical Research & Development

An in vitro–in vivo correlation (IVIVC) is as a predictive mathematical model that demonstrates a key role in the development, advancement, evaluation and optimization of extended release, modified release and immediate release pharmaceutical formulations. A validated IVIVC model can serve as a surrogate for bioequivalence studies and subsequently save time, effort and expenditure during pharmaceutical product development. This review discusses about different levels of correlations, general approaches to develop an IVIVC by mathematical modelling, validation, data analysis and various applications. In the current setting, the dearth of success associated with IVIVC is due to complexity of underlying scientific principles as well as the practice of fitting/matching in vivo plasma level‐time data with in vitro dissolution profile. Hence, a simple, straightforward practical means to predict plasma drug levels by convolution technique and percentage drug absorbed computed from in vitro dissolution profile based on deconvolution method are illustrated. The bioavailability/bioequivalence assessment and evaluation are frequently validated by the pharmacokinetic parameters such as maximum concentration, time to reach maximum concentration, and area under the curve. The implementation of a quality by design manufacturing based on in vivo bioavailability and clinically relevant dissolution specification are recommended because corresponding design safe space will guarantee that all batches from relevant products are met with sufficient quality and bioperformance. Recently, United States Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agency have proposed that in silico/physiologically based pharmacokinetic modelling can be used in decision making during preclinical experiments as well as to recognize the dissolution profiles that can forecast and ensure the desired clinical performance.
Surgical simulation and applicant perception in otolaryngology residency interviews
Authors: Masood Maheer M. , Stephenson Elizabeth D. , Farquhar Douglas R. , Farzal Zainab , Shah Parth V. , Buckmire Robert A. , McClain Wade G. , Clark J. Madison , Thorp Brian D. , Kimple Adam J. , Ebert Charles S. , Kilpatrick Lauren A. , Patel Samip N. , Shah Rupali N. , Zanation Adam M. 
Published: April 2018

ObjectiveThe traditional resident applicant interview involves multiple oral interviews. The implementation of surgical simulations adds an additional dimension of assessment but can be perceived in a stressful way by applicants. The purpose of this project is to describe low‐fidelity simulations that were implemented for the 2016 to 2017 residency interviews and obtain applicant perception of these simulations.MethodsSix simulation modules were created, which reflected tasks used in six subspecialties within otolaryngology (pediatrics, otology, laryngology, facial plastics, rhinology, and head/neck). Applicants were guided in the procedures by both an attending and resident. Afterward, applicants were anonymously surveyed on their perception of the tasks using a 5‐point Likert scale (1 = Strongly Disagree, 2 = Somewhat Disagree, 3 = Neutral, 4 = Somewhat Agree, 5 = Strongly Agree).ResultsA total of 41 applicants were interviewed. The following were measured: enjoyable (98.5% strongly agree, 2.5% somewhat agree; mean: 4.97; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.92, 5.02), educational (88% strongly agree, 12% somewhat agree; mean: 4.88; 95% CI, 4.78, 4.98), recommended for future use (92.7% strongly agree, 7.3% somewhat agree; mean: 4.93; 95% CI, 4.85, 5.01), and stressful (63.5% strongly disagree, 19.5% somewhat disagree, 17% neutral; mean: 1.54; 95% CI, 1.30, 1.78).ConclusionImplementation of a low‐fidelity multi‐station surgical simulation experience is feasible in an interview day. Majority of applicants viewed the simulations in a positive manner. Surgical simulations may provide a useful holistic evaluation of an applicant in future interviews, especially if done in a setting that minimizes stress and maximizes the educational experience.Level of Evidence2b. Laryngoscope, 2503–2507, 2018
Customer satisfaction, Confucian dynamism, and long‐term oriented marketing relationship: A threefold empirical analysis
Authors: Ndubisi Nelson Oly , Nataraajan Rajan 
Published: April 2018

AbstractFirms and their customers enter into a relationship for mutual satisfaction. However, there is much more to learn about long‐term oriented marketing relationship dynamics in Asia that lead to customer satisfaction. The goal of this study is to examine the direct and indirect effects of relational dynamics on customer satisfaction in the Asian context. Specifically, the study proposes that long‐term oriented relationship variables such as fairness, empathy, and trust have significant direct impact on customer satisfaction, and indirectly through overall relationship quality. Three studies were conducted in three service sectors viz. banking, healthcare, and hospitality with data collected from two regions of Malaysia, the Peninsular region and the Borneo region. A total of 1945 usable responses were received across the three sectors and analyzed: banking (653), healthcare (666), and hospitality (626). The model was compared among the three sectors. The results show that long‐term oriented marketing relationship variables predict a significant amount of variance in customer satisfaction across the three service sectors. However, the predictive powers differ from industry to industry, wherein 72% unique variance was predicted in the banking sector, 66% in healthcare, and 68% in hospitality. Relationship quality fully mediates some of the relationships in some sectors and partially mediates in others. Since Malaysia is dubbed a potpourri of Asian cultures, there is a potential for generalizability of the research findings across other Asian contexts. Theoretical, contextual, and managerial implications of the findings are discussed.
Assessing Angler Effort, Catch, and Harvest on a Spatially Complex, Multi-Lake Fishery in Middle Georgia
Authors: Roop Hunter J. , Poudyal Neelam C. , Jennings Cecil A. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Creel surveys are valuable tools in recreational fisheries management. However, multiple-impoundment fisheries of complex spatial structure can complicate survey designs and pose logistical challenges for management agencies. The Marben Public Fishing Area (PFA) in Mansfield, Georgia, is a multi-impoundment fishery with many access points, and these features prevent or complicate use of traditional on-site contact methods, such as standard roving or access-point designs, because many anglers may be missed during the survey process. Therefore, adaptation of a traditional survey method is often required for sampling this special case of multi-lake fisheries to develop an accurate fishery profile. Accordingly, a modified nonuniform probability roving creel survey was conducted at the Marben PFA during 2013 to estimate fishery characteristics relating to fishing effort, catch, and fish harvest. Monthly fishing effort averaged 7,523 angler-hours (SD = 5,956) and ranged from 1,301 angler-hours (SD = 562) in December to 21,856 angler-hours (SD = 5,909) in May. A generalized linear mixed model was used to determine that angler catch and harvest rates were significantly higher in the spring and summer than in the other seasons but did not vary by fishing location. Our results demonstrate the utility of modifying existing creel methodology for monitoring small, spatially complex, intensely managed impoundments that support quality recreational fisheries; these results also provide a template for the assessment and management of similar regional fisheries.