bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analytical Method Development and Validation for the Simultaneous Estimation of Aspirin, Clopidogrel and Rosuvastatin in Pharmaceutical Dosage Form
Authors: Tiwari Pradip Kumar , Jain Amit , Dubey BK , Pandey GK , Dhakad Suresh 
Published: September 2019

A new, simple, novel, accurate, precise, reliable, rapid and linear reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method was developed and fully validated for simultaneous qualitative and quantitative estimation of Rosuvastatin (ROS), Clopidogrel (CLOP) and Aspirin (ASP) in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form as per International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. In the present work, good chromatographic separation was achieved by isocratic method using a Hypersil BDS C18 column (250 mm ×4.6, 5 μm) and a mobile phase consisting of KH2Po4 buffer pH-6.0: acetonitrile in the ratio 60:40, at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. The effluents obtained were monitored at 242nm with the UV-visible detector. The calibration curves obtained were linear (r2=0.999) over the concentration range of 7.5-22.5μg/ml and 1-3μg/ml for CLOP, ASP and ROS respectively. A run time of 7.0 minutes for each sample made it possible to analyze more than 200 samples per day. The retention time of ASP, CLOP and ROS was found to be 3.103 min, 4,277 min and 5.707 min respectively. The high recovery values (99%-101%) indicate a satisfactory accuracy. The low percent relative standard deviation (% RSD) values in the precision study reveal that the method is precise therefore the method can be used for routine monitoring of CLOP, ASP and ROS in industry in the assay of bulk drug and dosage form.
Keywords: RP-HPLC, Rosuvastatin, Clopidogrel, Aspirin, Method validation, ICH guidelines.
Formulation and Evaluation of Topical Polyherbal Antiacne Gels Containing Luffa Acutangula, Amaranthus Spinosus and Morus Alba
Authors: Shukla Kavita Varma , Choudhary Nishi , Pathak Rekha 
Published: September 2019

Anti-acne herbal formulations are used for the treatment of acne vulgaris with the added advantage of not producing adverse effects unlike synthetic drugs. Acne is an inflammatory skin disease that occurs due to blockages in polysebase and inflammation that are caused by bacteria. Topical and systemic antibiotics are always used for treatment of acne, but the gradual resistance to antibiotics can affect the success rate of acne cure. Medicinal plants play an important role in the development of potent therapeutic agents. Plant based drugs provide outstanding contribution to modern therapeutics as a source of many valuable secondary metabolites which serves as plant defence mechanisms against predator such as microorganism, insects and herbivores which have been proved to be potentially active compounds. There is a tremendous increase in search of antimicrobial plant extracts due to the fact that the resistance offered against antibiotic by the microorganism, in short the effective life span of any antibiotic is limited. Propionibacterium acnes are common pus-forming microbes responsible for the development of various forms of acne. In the present study anti-acne gels were prepared using polymer carbopol 940 along with the hydroalcoholic extracts of plants fruits of Luffa acutangula, leaves of Amaranthus spinosus and Morus alba and evaluated for their physicochemical properties, like pH, washability, extrudability, spreadability and viscosity. The formulations (PHG1-PHG6) were tested for the anti-acne activity by well diffusion method against Propionibacterium acnes. Results showed that the gels were non-irritant, stable and possess anti-acne activity. The efficacy when tested with a standard was almost same to that of Clintop (Marketed gel). This suggests that fruits of Luffa acutangula, leaves of Amaranthus spinosus and Morus alba have potential against acne causing bacteria and hence they can be used in topical anti-acne preparations and may address the antibiotic resistance of the bacteria.
Keywords: Luffa acutangula, Amaranthus spinosus, Morus alba, Propionibacterium acnes, Acne vulgaris, Carbopol, Physicochemical properties.
Equine Rabies Immunoglobulin: A Review
Authors: Shelke P.V. , Rachh Punit R. 
Published: September 2019

Rabies is a major cause of human death in many developing countries. There is a worldwide shortage of human and equine rabies immune globulin. The WHO recommends combined administration of rabies vaccine and rabies immune globulin to patients after exposure. The implementation of post exposure prophylaxis by vaccination and specific immunoglobulin therapy are largely hampered by its high cost. The equine rabies immunoglobulin is less expensive than human rabies immunoglobulin, and is used for rabies post-exposure prophylaxis in developing countries.
Equine rabies immunoglobulin is a F(ab)2 with high specific activity, purity, and safety. Healthy horses are immunized with a rabies vaccine. Crude plasma is collected and immunoglobulin is converted into F(ab)2 fragments by pepsin digestion. The F(ab)2 fragments are purified using caprylic acid precipitation followed by ultrafiltration.
Keywords: Rabies, Equine rabies immunoglobulin (ERIG), Human rabies immunoglobulin (HRIG), IgG, Caprylic acid, Pepsin.
A Review on Phytochemical & Pharmacological Profile of Pergularia Daemia linn.
Authors: Chandak Raman R , Dighe Nachiket S 
Published: September 2019

Many indigenous Indian medicinal plants have been found to be successfully used to manage diabetes and some of them have been tested and active principles isolated. However, search for new antidiabetic drugs for effective treatment is on. The vast majority of people on this planet still rely on their traditional material medica (medicinal plants and other materials) for their everyday health care needs. It is also a fact that one quarter of all medical prescriptions are formulations based on substances derived from plants or plant-derived synthetic analogs. The herbal drug from tribal region is selected for the study which is used for diabetes andliver diseases. Pergularia daemia (Asclepiadaceae) is a perennial herb growing widely along the road sides of India. It has been used in folk medicine for the treatment of Dibetis mellitus &liver disorders. It is widely distributed in the tropical and sub tropicalregions of the world. Various phytochemical including terpenoid, flavonoids, sterols and cardenolids have been isolated andidentified from the various parts of the plant (leaves, stems, shoots, roots, seeds and fruits whole plant). P. daemia widely used by various tribal communities in Western Ghats of India for the treatment of variety of ailments, while predominantly the roots of theplant have been used to treat liver disease and jaundice.The present review article aims towards medicinal Pharmacological potential, Bioactive remedies, Phytochemical profile and other important aspects of P. daemia.
Keywords: Ethnobotanical uses, Pergularia daemia, Pharmacological Profile, Phytochemical Profile
Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Kültürlerarası Duyarlılık ve Etnik Merkezcilik Düzeyleri
Authors: BİLGİÇ Şebnem , ŞAHİN İdil 
Published: September 2019

Amaç: Bu araştırma hemşirelik öğrencilerinin kültürlerarası
duyarlılık ve etnik merkezcilik düzeylerini, etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek
amacıyla planlandı.

Materyal-Metot: Tanımlayıcı tipteki araştırma bir üniversitenin
hemşirelik bölümünde gerçekleştirildi. Araştırmada Kişisel Bilgi Formu,
Kültürlerarası Duyarlılık Ölçeği (KDÖ) ve Etnik Merkezcilik Ölçeği (EMÖ) kullanıldı. Araştırma Ocak-Mart 2018
tarihlerinde araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 460 hemşirelik öğrencisi ile
yürütüldü.

Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması
20.56±1.62 olup, öğrencilerin %86.3’ü kadın idi. Öğrencilerin %72.4’ü
hemşireliği isteyerek seçtiğini, %51.5’i başka kültürlerle bir arada olmayı
istediğini, %54.1’i başka kültürlerde arkadaşı olduğunu belirtti. Öğrencilerin
KDÖ puan ortalaması 76.67±7.27 ve EMÖ puan ortalaması ise 55.40±6,68 idi.
Öğrencilerin cinsiyet, başka kültürlerle bir arada olmayı isteme ve başka
kültürlerden arkadaşı olma ile KDÖ ve EMÖ arasında anlamlı fark bulundu. Ayrıca
öğrencilerin KDÖ ve EMÖ puanları arasında negatif yönde anlamlı ilişki
belirlendi.

Sonuç: Öğrencilerin
kültürlerarası duyarlılık düzeylerinin ortalamanın üzerinde ve etnik
merkezcilik düzeylerinin ise ortalamanın altında olduğu saptandı. KDÖ puan
ortalaması kadın öğrencilerde, başka kültürlerle bir arada olmayı isteyen,
başka kültürlerden arkadaşı olan öğrencilerde daha yüksek idi. EMÖ puan
ortalaması ise erkek öğrencilerde, başka kültürlerle bir arada olmayı istemeyen,
başka kültürlerden arkadaşı olmayan öğrencilerde daha yüksek idi. Öğrencilerin
kültürlerarası duyarlılıkları arttıkça etnik merkezcilik düzeylerinin azaldığı
belirlendi. Sağlık ekibinin bir üyesi olacak hemşirelik öğrencilerinin henüz
öğrencilik dönemlerinde kültürler arası duyarlılık düzeylerinin desteklenmesi
önemlidir. Bu amaçla hemşirelik müfredat programına öğrencilerin kültürler
arası duyarlılıklarını geliştirecek ders içeriklerinin eklenmesi, öğrencilerin
farklı kültürel özelliklere sahip bireylerle bir araya getirilerek karşılıklı
etkileşimin arttırılması ve farklı kültürlerdeki hastalarla çalışmayı
sağlayacak projelerin planlanması önerilmektedir.
Influence of Diabetes Complications on HbA1c Treatment Goals Among Older U.S. Adults: A Cost-effectiveness Analysis
Authors: Shao Hui , Lin Ji , Zhuo Xiaohui , Rolka Deborah B. , Gregg Edward W. , Zhang Ping 
Published: September 2019

OBJECTIVE
Guidelines on the standard care of diabetes recommend that glycemic treatment goals for older adults consider the patient’s complications and life expectancy. In this study, we examined the influence of diabetes complications and associated life expectancies on the cost-effectiveness (CE) of HbA1c treatment goals.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We used data from the 2011–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to generate nationally representative subgroups of older individuals with diabetes with various health states. We used the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention–RTI International diabetes CE model to estimate the long-term consequences of two treatment goals—a stringent control goal (HbA1c &lt;7.5%) and a moderate control goal (HbA1c &lt;8.5%)—on health and cost. Our simulation population represented typical patients, and all individuals in each health subgroup had average characteristics, which did not account for person-level variations. The CE study was conducted from a health system perspective and followed the study samples over a lifetime. We used $50,000 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) as the incremental CE threshold.

RESULTS
A stringent goal was, on average, cost-effective for individuals with no complications ($10,007 per QALY) or only microvascular complications (excluding renal failure; $19,621 per QALY), but it was not cost-effective for individuals with one or more macrovascular complications (all &gt;$82,413 per QALY). Further, a stringent goal was not cost-effective when an individual had less than 7 years of life remaining.

CONCLUSIONS
Our findings support the guideline recommendation that glycemic goals for older adults should consider the complexity of their complications and their life expectancy from a CE perspective.
Continuous Glucose Monitoring in People With Type 1 Diabetes on Multiple-Dose Injection Therapy: The Relationship Between Glycemic Control and Hypoglycemia
Authors: Oliver Nick , Gimenez Marga , Calhoun Peter , Cohen Nathan , Moscardo Vanessa , Hermanns Norbert , Freckmann Guido , Reddy Monika , Heinemann Lutz 
Published: September 2019

OBJECTIVE
The inverse relationship between overall glucose control and hypoglycemia risk is weakened by the use of real-time continuous glucose monitoring (rtCGM). We assess the relationship between glucose control and hypoglycemia in people with type 1 diabetes using multiple-dose injection (MDI) regimens, including those at highest risk of hypoglycemia.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
CGM data from the intervention (rtCGM) and control (self-monitored blood glucose [SMBG]) phases of the Multiple Daily Injections and Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Diabetes (DIAMOND) and HypoDE studies were analyzed. The relationship between glucose control (HbA1c and mean rtCGM glucose levels) and percentage time spent in hypoglycemia was explored for thresholds of 3.9 mmol/L (70 mg/dL) and 3.0 mmol/L (54 mg/dL), and ANOVA across the range of HbA1c and mean glucose was performed.

RESULTS
A nonlinear relationship between mean glucose and hypoglycemia was identified at baseline, with the steepest relationship seen at lower values of mean glucose. The use of rtCGM reduces the exposure to hypoglycemia at all thresholds and flattens the relationship between overall glucose and hypoglycemia, with the most marked impact at lower values of mean glucose and HbA1c. Exposure to hypoglycemia varied at all thresholds across the range of overall glucose at baseline, in the SMBG group, and with rtCGM, but the relationships were weaker in the rtCGM group.

CONCLUSIONS
Use of rtCGM can flatten and attenuate the relationship between overall glucose control and hypoglycemia, exerting its greatest impact at lower values of HbA1c and mean glucose in people with type 1 diabetes using MDI regimens and at highest risk of hypoglycemia.
Instruções aos Colaboradores
Authors: Executiva Editoria 
Published: September 2019

Criada em 1944, a Revista Brasileira de Estudos Pedagógicos (RBEP) é um periódico quadrimestral, publicado em formato impresso e eletrônico. A RBEP publica artigos inéditos, resultantes de pesquisas que apresentem consistência, rigor e originalidade na abordagem do tema e contribuam para a construção do conhecimento na área de Educação. A RBEP também publica relatos de experiência e resenhas. A RBEP não aceita textos que tenham sido enviados concomitantemente a outras revistas e que não atendam a princípios éticos de pesquisa. Seu público-leitor é formado por professores, pesquisadores e alunos de graduação e pós-graduação, técnicos e gestores da área educacional.
«Del territorio al paisaje. Construcción, identidad y representación. XVIII Encuentro de la Ilustración al Romanticismo: España, Europa y América (1750-1850)», de M.ª Isabel Morales Sánchez y Juan Pedro Martín Villareal (eds.)
Authors: Santos Marroquín Javier 
Published: September 2019

Reseña del libro Del territorio al paisaje. Construcción, identidad y representación. XVIII Encuentro de la Ilustración al Romanticismo: España, Europa y América (1750-1850) (Cádiz, Editorial UCA – Universidad de Cádiz, 2019), de M.a Isabel Morales Sánchez y Juan Pedro Martín Villareal (eds.).
El volumen propuesto, centrado en el período de entre siglos, identifica los cambios experimentados con relación a la representación del individuo y la propia nación, así como los procesos que conforman la idea de "identidad nacional", uno de los credos del romanticismo. De este modo, en este estudio transversal se pone de relieve desde distintos ámbitos tecnócratas la construcción e interpretación del territorio hasta convertirlo y encasillarlo en un paisaje. La visión y descripción de un paisaje no es sino el mero reflejo de nuestra propia visión ante el mismo, y para ello, la naturaleza, las artes e incluso la arquitectura juegan un papel más que importante como canales de divulgación.
Effects of Single and Combined Supplementation of Dietary Probiotic with Bovine Lactoferrin and Xylooligosaccharide on Hemato-Immunological and Digestive Enzymes of Silvery-Black Porgy (Sparidentex hasta) Fingerlings
Authors: Morshedi Vahid , Agh Naser , Noori Farzaneh , Jafari Fatemeh , Ghasemi Ahmad , Mozanzadeh Mansour Torfi 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of dietary Lactobacillus plantarum as probiotic (Pro) with bovine lactoferrin (LF) and xylooligosacharide (XOS) on growth performance, hemato-immune response, body composition, digestive enzymes activity and expression of immune-related and growth-related genes of sobaity (Sparidentex hasta) for 8 weeks. Fish were fed with feed including: control diet (no LF, XOS and pro inclusion), diet 1 (400 mg kg−1 LF + 5000 mg kg−1 XOS), diet 2 (400 mg kg−1 LF + 10000 mg kg −1 XOS), diet 3 (400 mg kg−1 LF + 1 × 106 gr−1 Pro (L. plantarum)), diet 4 (800 mg kg−1 LF + 5000 mg kg −1 XOS), diet 5 (800 mg kg−1 LF + 10000 mg kg−1 XOS), diet 6 (800 mg kg−1 LF + 1 × 106 gr−1 Pro (L. plantarum)). Growth performance, hematological parameters (except for white blood cell counts), body composition and immune-related gene expression were not affected by different experimental groups (p>0.05). Nonetheless, non-specific immune response (except for total immunoglobulin) and growth-related gene expression of treatments and control group significantly varied (P<0.05). Digestive enzymes activity including total protease and amylase increased by supplementing diets with different combinations of immunostimulants (P<0.05). Our results suggest that diets supplemented with selected levels of LF, XOS and L. plantarum could not improve growth performance, body composition and hemato-immune response, but improved digestive enzyme activities in S. hasta fingerlings.
The siliciclastics/carbonates shift in the Jurassic of the Western Caucasus (central northern Neo-Tethys): reconsidering research over the last 50 years
Authors: Ruban Dmitry A. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
A chain of carbonate platforms evolved in the northern Neo-Tethys during the Late Jurassic, but current knowledge remains incomplete as long as data from several larger regions, such as the Western Caucasus, are not included. In order to fill this gap, it is here suggested to reconsider the information accumulated chiefly during Soviet times. Although these data are too general, they still matter with regard to some regional characteristics and tentative interpretations. Available data on the spatio-temporal distribution of Bajocian-Callovian sedimentary rocks are summarised in a novel way which permits documentation of depositional trends at six representative localities in the Western Caucasus. The extent of the carbonate platform increased at two localities since the Late Callovian and at a third since the Middle Oxfordian. Three additional sites were characterised either by non-deposition or deep-marine sedimentation. The onset of carbonate platform development marked a remarkable shift from chiefly siliciclastic to carbonate deposition, although this event was not sudden everywhere. The Bathonian pulse of tectonic activity, coupled with the eustatic sea level rise, allowed shelves to expand during the Callovian-Oxfordian, with a reduction in siliciclastic input from islands and sea-water that became well oxygenated and warmer. These conditions were conducive to biogenic carbonate production, allowing the carbonate platform to expand subsequently.
General overview of maintenance strategies – concepts and approaches
Authors: Gackowiec Paulina 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This paper presents a literature review of maintenance strategies formulation. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of different published concepts of maintenance strategies, distinguish the most common approaches to this issue and find a general tendency in strategies classification. Furthermore, the review is aimed to point out the importance of unscheduled downtime which might occur during equipment runtime in a production plant. The paper classifies the existing maintenance concepts and emphasizes key assumptions of the analysed strategies. The literature study and carried out analysis could be useful to find appropriate reliability assurance methods. In addition, defined maintenance approaches might help in decision making process in a company. The paper is a comprehensive overview of discussed strategies, which indicates the most frequent maintenance models in the analysed papers.
Smart City idea: use of people's opinions on the environmental threats for intelligent management of the city
Authors: Ignac-Nowicka Jolanta , Zarebinska Danuta , Kaniak Wojciech 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Managing the natural environment in the city is an important element of city management. Smart city authorities should take into account the opinion of residents about the comfort of living in the urban environment management strategy. A very important element of the natural environment in the city is air quality, which significantly affects the comfort of living in the city. The article presents surveys of opinions of the residents of a selected city in Silesia in Poland. The respondents' knowledge on the sources of air pollution in the city, the perceived health effects resulting from polluted atmospheric air and the expectations of residents towards the city authorities were examined using the anonymous questionnaire method. Residents' behavior in the situation of increased air pollution was also examined. On the basis of surveys, prophylactic pro-ecological activities were identified with the highest degree of acceptance of the local community as potential directions of urban environment management. The implementation of such activities, taking into account the opinions and preferences of the residents, is part of the co-management of the intelligent city.
Integrated sustainable freight transport system for city multi-floor manufacturing clusters
Authors: Wiśnicki Bogusz , Dzhuguryan Tygran 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The purpose of the article is to present the integrated sustainable freight transport system dedicated for city clusters. The presented concept and calculation model is the result of a broader study on the effectiveness of production and transport systems in urban areas. The integrated sustainable freight transport system described in this paper serves multi-floor manufacturing clusters and therefore meets two efficiency requirements: technological integration and process sustainability. The integration of in-house transport system servicing multi-floor manufacturing building and supply chain deliveries to/from logistic node is based on efficient use of Intelligent Reconfigurable Trolleys (IRTs). The calculation model of integrated freight transport system allows for the quantitative matching of key elements of the transport system to the multi-floor manufacturing cluster needs. Properly selected and functionally integrated elements of proposed transport system allows to minimize losses and reduce the negative impact of transport on the environment.
An integrative Model Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) and lean-based approach for development of new complex products
Authors: Buczacki Aleksander 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
An effective and efficient New Product Development (NPD) and implementation process is crucial for creation of competitive advantage for each company. Due to this fact, companies are more and more often looking for methods and tools for improvement of NPD processes. The paper deals with an integrated Model Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) and lean approach to NPD. The individual stages of the NPD process are predisposed to different degrees to the use of MBSE and Lean. The research conducted shows that the use of advanced MBSE and lean tools and techniques in the development of new products is not widespread. There is a room for future research.