bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of calretinin-expressing granule cells in olfactory bulb functions and odor behavior
Authors: Hardy Delphine , Malvaut Sarah , Breton-Provencher Vincent , Saghatelyan Armen 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe adult mouse olfactory bulb is continuously supplied with new neurons that mostly differentiate into granule cells (GCs). Different subtypes of adult-born GCs have been identified, but their maturational profiles and their roles in bulbar network functioning and odor behavior remain elusive. It is also not known whether the same subpopulations of GCs born during early postnatal life (early-born) or during adulthood (adult-born) differ in their morpho-functional properties. Here, we show that adult-born calretinin-expressing (CR+) and non-expressing (CR−) GCs, as well as early-born CR+ GCs, display distinct inhibitory inputs but indistinguishable excitatory inputs and similar morphological characteristics. The frequencies of inhibitory post-synaptic currents were lower in early-born and adult-born CR+ GCs than in adult-born CR− neurons. These findings were corroborated by the reduced density of gephyrin+ puncta on CR+ GCs. CR+ GCs displayed a higher level of activation following olfactory tasks based on odor discrimination, as determined by an immediate early gene expression analysis. Pharmacogenetic inhibition of CR+ GCs diminished the ability of the mice to discriminate complex odor mixtures. Altogether, our results indicate that distinct inhibitory inputs are received by adult-born CR+ and CR− GCs, that early- and adult-born CR+ neurons have similar morpho-functional properties, and that CR+ GCs are involved in complex odor discrimination tasks.
Phenology drives species interactions and modularity in a plant - flower visitor network
Authors: Morente-López Javier , Lara-Romero Carlos , Ornosa Concepcion , Iriondo José M. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPhenology is often identified as one of the main structural driving forces of plant – flower visitor networks. Nevertheless, we do not yet have a full understanding of the effects of phenology in basic network build up mechanisms such as ecological modularity. In this study, we aimed to identify the effect of within-season temporal variation of plant and flower visitor activity on the network structural conformation. Thus, we analysed the temporal dynamics of a plant – flower visitor network in two Mediterranean alpine communities during one complete flowering season. In our approach, we built quantitative interaction networks and studied the dynamics through temporal beta diversity of species, interaction changes and modularity analysis. Within-season dissimilarity in the identity of interactions was mainly caused by species replacement through time (species turnover). Temporal replacement of species and interactions clearly impacted modularity, to the extent that species phenology emerged as a strong determinant of modularity in our networks. From an applied perspective, our results highlight the importance of considering the temporal variation of species interactions throughout the flowering season and the requirement of making comprehensive temporal sampling when aiming to build functionally consistent interaction networks.
Social jetlag impairs balance control
Authors: Umemura Guilherme Silva , Pinho João Pedro , da Silva Brandão Gonçalves Bruno , Furtado Fabianne , Forner-Cordero Arturo 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWe assessed the impact of a common sleep disturbance, the social jetlag, on postural control during a period involving workdays and free days. The sleep habits of 30 healthy subjects were registered with a wrist actimeter for nine days (starting on Friday) and they participated in a set of four postural control tests carried out on Friday and on Monday. In addition, the subjects filled questionnaires about their sleep conditions and preferences. Actimetry measurements were used to calculate the Mid Sleep Phase (MSP). The difference between the MSP values on the workdays and free days measures the social jetlag. There were significant differences in sleep variables between workdays and free days. Postural control performance improved on Monday, after free sleep over the weekend, when compared with the tests performed on Friday. It seems that social jetlag affects brain areas involved in the control of posture, such as thalamus and the prefrontal cortex as well as the cerebellum, resulting in a worse performance in postural control. The performance improvement in the posture tests after the free days could be attributed to a lower sleep debt.
Bacterial nanocellulose stimulates mesenchymal stem cell expansion and formation of stable collagen-I networks as a novel biomaterial in tissue engineering
Authors: Vielreicher Martin , Kralisch Dana , Völkl Simon , Sternal Fabian , Arkudas Andreas , Friedrich Oliver 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBiomimetic scaffolds are of great interest to tissue engineering (TE) and tissue repair as they support important cell functions. Scaffold coating with soluble collagen-I has been used to achieve better tissue integration in orthopaedy, however, as collagen persistence was only temporary such efforts were limited. Adequate coverage with cell-derived ECM collagen-I would promise great success, in particular for TE of mechanically challenged tissues. Here, we have used label-free, non-invasive multiphoton microscopy (MPM) to characterise bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) - a promising biomaterial for bone TE - and their potency to stimulate collagen-I formation by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). BNC fleeces were investigated by Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) imaging and by their characteristic autofluorescence (AF) pattern, here described for the first time. Seeded MSCs adhered fast, tight and very stable, grew to multilayers and formed characteristic, wide-spread and long-lasting collagen-I. MSCs used micron-sized lacunae and cracks on the BNC surface as cell niches. Detailed analysis using a collagen-I specific binding protein revealed a highly ordered collagen network structure at the cell-material interface. In addition, we have evidence that BNC is able to stimulate MSCs towards osteogenic differentiation. These findings offer new options for the development of engineered tissue constructs based on BNC.
Isolation of cells from whole blood using shear-induced diffusion
Authors: Zhou Jian , Tu Chunlong , Liang Yitao , Huang Bobo , Fang Yifeng , Liang Xiao , Papautsky Ian , Ye Xuesong 
Published: June 2018

AbstractExtraction of cells of interest directly from whole blood is in high demand, yet extraordinary challenging due to the complex hemodynamics and hemorheology of the sample. Herein, we describe a new microfluidic platform that exploits the intrinsic complex properties of blood for continuous size-selective focusing and separation of cells directly from unprocessed whole blood. The novel system only requires routinely accessible saline solution to form a sandwiched fluid configuration and to initiate a strong effect of shear-induced diffusion of cells, which is coupled with fluid inertia for effective separation. Separations of beads and cells from whole blood have been successfully demonstrated with high efficiency (89.8%) at throughput of 6.75 mL/hr (106–107 cells/s) of whole blood. Rapid isolation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from peripheral blood sample of hepatocarcinoma patients is also shown as a proof of principle.
Metabolic Power in Team Sports - Part 2: Aerobic and Anaerobic Energy Yields
Authors: Osgnach Cristian , di Prampero Pietro 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA previous approach to estimate the time course of instantaneous metabolic power and O2 consumption in team sports has been updated to assess also energy expenditure against air resistance and to identify walking and running separately. Whole match energy expenditure turned out ≈14% smaller than previously obtained, the fraction against the air resistance amounting to ≈2% of the total. Estimated net O2 consumption and overall energy expenditure are fairly close to those measured by means of a portable metabolic cart; the average difference, after a 45 min exercise period of variable intensity and mode, amounting to ≈10%. Aerobic and anaerobic energy yields, metabolic power, energy expenditure and duration of High (HI) and Low (LI) intensity bouts can also be estimated. Indeed, data on 497 soccer players during the 2014/2015 Italian "Serie A" show that the number of HI efforts decreased from the first to the last 15-min periods of the match, without substantial changes in mean metabolic power (≈22 W·kg−1) and duration (≈6.5 s). On the contrary, mean metabolic power of the LI decreased (5.8 to 4.8 W·kg−1), mainly because of a longer duration thereof, thus underscoring the need for longer recovery periods between HI.
Extrakorporale Membranoxygenierung in der Thoraxchirurgie – Lungentransplantation
Authors: Aigner Clemens , Slama Alexis , Valdivia Daniel 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungDie extrakorporale Membranoxygenierung (ECMO) hat sich zu einem Standardverfahren in der Thoraxchirurgie entwickelt. Vor allem im Bereich der Lungentransplantation haben aktuelle Entwicklungen zu einer weiten Verbreitung beigetragen. Die ECMO wird zum einen zunehmend zur Überbrückung zur Transplantation angewandt, wobei die besten Ergebnisse in diesem Setting mit wachen Patienten erzielt werden. Zum anderen hat die ECMO die konventionelle Herz-Lungen-Maschine zur intraoperativen Unterstützung während der Lungentransplantation in den meisten Zentren abgelöst und wird weiterhin zur Behandlung und Prävention des primären Graftversagens eingesetzt. Verbesserungen der Technik, der Methode und des Kanülendesigns erlauben mittlerweile eine höchst individualisierte Anwendung, angepasst an die respiratorische und hämodynamische Situation sowie an die zu erwartende Therapiedauer.
Morphology of the Left Atrial Appendage: Prevalence and Gender Difference in a Kenyan Population
Authors: Mumin A. , Olabu B. , Kaisha W. , Saidi H. , Ogeng'o J. 
Published: June 2018

Introduction The left atrial appendage is the site of origin of thrombi in 90% of cardioembolic stroke. Although literature reports a higher risk of cardioembolic stroke among blacks and females, it is unclear whether this is due to preponderance of specific left atrial appendage morphologies in these groups since there is paucity of data. This study describes the left atrial appendage morphology in a Black Kenyan population and assesses for existence of gender differences.
Materials and Methods Ninety one (91) human hearts (50 male and 41 female) were obtained from autopsy specimens after ethical approval. The morphological types of the left atrial appendage were determined and classified as cauliflower, Windsock, Chickenwing and cactus. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences. The frequencies of the morphological types was determined and Chi square applied to check for gender differences. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant at 95% confidence interval.
Results and Conclusion There were 27 cauliflower (29.7%), 26 Windsock (28.6%), 25 Chickenwing (27.4%) and 9 cactus (14.3%) morphological types of left atrial appendage. Cauliflower and cactus types were more prevalent in males, while Windsock and Chickenwing types were more prevalent in females (p = 0.537). There are no statistically significant gender differences in the left atrial appendage morphology types in this sample black Kenyan population. The higher frequency of both the risky cauliflower and the protective Chickenwing morphologies warrants assessment of left atrial appendage morphological types in management of high risk cardioembolic stroke patients in this setting.
The Influence of Physical Activity on Functional Performance and Urinary Incontinence in Elderly Women
Authors: Magaldi C.M. , Saraiva A. , Franciulli P.M. , Magaldi F.M. , Moreno M. , Miranda M.L.J. , Maifrino L.B.M. 
Published: June 2018

Introduction Urinary incontinence (UI) is the involuntary urine loss, with the prevalence of 17% to 24% in women over 65 years-old. It has a multifactorial cause, being a condition that affects many people in all ages mainly postmenopausal women, it is also found in athlete women who have a high level of training associated mainly to high impact activities.
Objective The aim of this study is to conduct a literature review that relates the influence of physical activity on functional performance and on UI among women on the stage of aging.
Method The bibliographical review was done in Medline, Scielo, Pubmed and SportsDisco databases using the keywords physical activity or exercise, postmenopause or aging and urinary incontinence and stress urinary incontinence.
Conclusion Elderly women engaged in a regular exercise program have a lower incidence of UI.
30.3.2.2 1,3-Dithietanes (Update 2018)
Authors: Luh T.-Y. , Leung M.-k. , Chou C.-M. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis section is an update to the earlier Science of Synthesis contribution (30.3.2) describing the synthesis of 1,3-dithietanes. The preparation of symmetrical dithietanes by dimerization of various thiocarbonyl compounds and of unsymmetrical dithietanes from thioketones and imines, or from aldehydes and carbon disulfide is discussed.
2.5.1 Homogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenation of Carboxylic Acids, Anhydrides, Esters, Amides, and Acid Chlorides
Authors: Shi Y. , Cole-Hamilton D. J. , Kamer P. C. J. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe homogeneous catalytic hydrogenation of carboxylic acids and their derivatives, such as esters, amides, and anhydrides, is a fundamental reaction of potential importance for the synthesis of important organic building blocks in the polymer and pharmaceutical industries. The corresponding alcohols, amines, or aldehydes can be obtained by using various metal/ligand systems together with molecular hydrogen.
A quadratic piezoelectric multi-layer shell element for FE analysis of smart laminated composite plates induced by MFC actuators
Authors: Gohery Scott , Sharifi Shokrollah , Abadi Rouzbeh , Izadifar Mohammadreza , Burvill Colin , Vrcelj Zora 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Macro fiber composite (MFC) actuators developed by the NASA have been increasingly used in engineering structures due to their high actuation power, compatibility, and flexibility. In this study, an efficient two dimensional quadratic multi-layer shell element by using first order shear deformation theory (FOSDT) is developed to predict the linear strain–displacement static deformation of laminated composite plates induced by MFC actuators. FOSDT is adapted from the Reissner–Mindlin plate theory. An eight-node quadratic piezoelectric multi-layer shell element with five degrees of freedom is introduced to prevent locking effect and zero energy modes observed in nine-node degenerated shell element. Two types of MFC actuators are used: (1) MFC-d
31 and (2) MFC-d
33, which differ in their actuation forces. For result verification, the electro-mechanically coupled quadratic finite element (FE) model is compared with the ABAQUS results in various examples. Comparison of the results showed good agreement. The proposed quadratic FE formulation is simple and accurate, which eliminates the need for costly FE commercial software packages. It was observed that earlier studies have mostly emphasized on the effect of actuation power and MFC fiber orientations on mechanical shape deformation of smart composite plates. In this study, a more comprehensive, in-depth investigation is conducted into host structure performance such as boundary conditions, laminate stacking sequence configuration, and symmetry/asymmetry layups.
Using tree-based methods for detection of gene–gene interactions in the presence of a polygenic signal: simulation study with application to educational attainment in the Generation Scotland Cohort Study
Authors: Meijsen Joeri J , Rammos Alexandros , Campbell Archie , Hayward Caroline , Porteous David J , Deary Ian J , Marioni Riccardo E , Nicodemus Kristin K 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMotivationThe genomic architecture of human complex diseases is thought to be attributable to single markers, polygenic components and epistatic components. No study has examined the ability of tree-based methods to detect epistasis in the presence of a polygenic signal. We sought to apply decision tree-based methods, C5.0 and logic regression, to detect epistasis under several simulated conditions, varying strength of interaction and linkage disequilibrium (LD) structure. We then applied the same methods to the phenotype of educational attainment in a large population cohort.ResultsLD pruning improved the power and reduced the type I error. C5.0 had a conservative type I error rate whereas logic regression had a type I error rate that exceeded 5%. Despite the more conservative type I error, C5.0 was observed to have higher power than logic regression across several conditions. In the presence of a polygenic signal, power was generally reduced. Applying both methods on educational attainment in a large population cohort yielded numerous interacting SNPs; notably a SNP in RCAN3 which is associated with reading and spelling and a SNP in NPAS3, a neurodevelopmental gene.Availability and implementationAll methods used are implemented and freely available in R.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
HUME: large-scale detection of causal genetic factors of adverse drug reactions
Authors: Mansouri Mehrdad , Yuan Bowei , Ross Colin J D , Carleton Bruce C , Ester Martin 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMotivationAdverse drug reactions are one of the major factors that affect the wellbeing of patients and financial costs of healthcare systems. Genetic variations of patients have been shown to be a key factor in the occurrence and severity of many ADRs. However, the large number of confounding drugs and genetic biomarkers for each adverse reaction case demands a method that evaluates all potential genetic causes of ADRs simultaneously.ResultsTo address this challenge, we propose HUME, a multi-phase algorithm that recommends genetic factors for ADRs that are causally supported by the patient record data. HUME consists of the construction of a network from co-prevalence between significant genetic biomarkers and ADRs, a link score phase for predicting candidate relations based on the Adamic-Adar measure, and a causal refinement phase based on multiple hypothesis testing of quasi experimental designs for evaluating evidence and counter evidence of candidate relations in the patient records.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
htsget: a protocol for securely streaming genomic data
Authors: Kelleher Jerome , Lin Mike , Albach C H , Birney Ewan , Davies Robert , Gourtovaia Marina , Glazer David , Gonzalez Cristina Y , Jackson David K , Kemp Aaron , Marshall John , Nowak Andrew , Senf Alexander , Tovar-Corona Jaime M , Vikhorev Alexander , Keane Thomas M ,   GA4GH Streaming Task Team, Baker Dixie , Zalunin Vadim , Pizarro Angel , Durbin Richard , Diekhans Mark , Begoli Edmon , Tulchinsky Ilia , Li Heng , Nag Rishi , Keenan Stephen , Lappalainen Ilkka , Robinson Jim 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Summary
Standardized interfaces for efficiently accessing high-throughput sequencing data are a fundamental requirement for large-scale genomic data sharing. We have developed htsget, a protocol for secure, efficient and reliable access to sequencing read and variation data. We demonstrate four independent client and server implementations, and the results of a comprehensive interoperability demonstration.

Availability and implementation
http://samtools.github.io/hts-specs/htsget.html

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Effects of systemic medication on root resorption associated with orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review of animal studies
Authors: Makrygiannakis Miltiadis A , Kaklamanos Eleftherios G , Athanasiou Athanasios E 
Published: June 2018

SummaryBackgroundTheoretically, root resorption could be modulated by any medication taken that exhibits possible effects on the implicated molecular pathways.ObjectivesTo systematically investigate and appraise the quality of the available evidence from animal studies, regarding the effect of commonly prescribed systemic medication on root resorption associated with orthodontic tooth movement.Search methodsSearch without restrictions in eight databases (PubMed, Central, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Arab World Research Source, ClinicalTrials.gov, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global) and hand searching until April 2018 took place. One author developed detailed search strategies for each database that were based on the PubMed strategy and adapted accordingly.Selection criteriaControlled studies investigating the effect of systemic medications on root resorption associated with orthodontic tooth movement.Data collection and analysisFollowing study retrieval and selection, relevant data were extracted and the risk of bias was assessed using the SYRCLE’s Risk of Bias Tool.ResultsTwenty-one studies were finally identified, most of which at unclear risk of bias. Root resorption was shown to increase in Vitamin C treated animals in comparison with the control group, whereas a comparative decrease was noted after the administration of the alendronate, ibuprofen, growth hormone, low doses of meloxicam, simvastatin, lithium chloride and strontium ranelate. No difference was noted for acetaminophen, aspirin, fluoxetine, atorvastatin, misoprostol, zoledronic acid and zinc. Finally, inconsistent effects were observed after the administration of celecoxib, prednisolone and L-thyroxine. The quality of the available evidence was considered at best as low.ConclusionsThe pharmaceutical substances investigated were shown to exhibit variable effects on root resorption. Although the overall quality of evidence provides the clinician with a cautious perspective on the strength of the relevant recommendations, good practice would suggest that it is important to identify patients consuming medications and consider the possible implications.RegistrationPROSPERO (CRD42017078208)
Better Off Alone: Daily Solitude Is Associated With Lower Negative Affect in More Conflictual Social Networks
Authors: Birditt Kira S , Manalel Jasmine A , Sommers Heidi , Luong Gloria , Fingerman Karen L 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Older adults are often considered at risk for social isolation. Little is known, however, about how often older adults lack social contact (in person, phone, electronic) throughout the day, the implications of lacking contact (i.e., solitude), and whether the effects of solitude vary by the broader social context.

Research Design and Methods
Participants were from the Daily Experiences and Well-being Study (DEWS) which included 313 older adults (aged 65+) who completed baseline interviews followed by 5–6 days of ecological momentary assessments approximately every 3 hr.

Results
Individuals reported having no social contact (i.e., solitude) on 11% of the occasions. Solitude predicted lower negative and positive affect on those occasions. The solitude-negative affect link varied by social network quality. Solitude predicted lower negative affect among individuals with more conflictual social networks but not among those with less conflictual networks.

Discussion and Implications
Overall, solitude may serve as an adaptive strategy for individuals embedded in demanding or irritating social contexts.