bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Needleless Electrospinning from a Tube with an Embedded Wire Loop
Authors: Jahan Israt , Wang Lijing , Wang Xin 
Published: December 2018

AbstractEnhancing the production rate while maintaining control in electrospinning has been a challenge for years. This work proposes a novel spinneret from a tube with a single wire loop embedded in its one end. With the feeding of solution precisely controlled and the spinning process stablized, multiple polymer jets can be continuously generated from the wire loop. The as‐spun fibers show nanofibrous structure and its fiber diameter is greatly affected by the applied voltage and polymer concentration. As compared to needle electrospinning, the wire loop spinneret generates a stronger electric field with a larger spinnable area due to its special geometrical structure and a higher applied voltage it is connected to. Slightly coarser nanofibers are fabricated as compared to the nanofibers from needle electrospinning and the production rate is as high as 0.48 g h−1.
Genome sequence of Methylocystis hirsuta CSC1, a polyhydroxyalkanoate producing methanotroph
Authors: Bordel Sergio , Rodríguez Elisa , Muñoz Raúl 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPolyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are biodegradable plastics that can be produced by some methanotrophic organisms such as those of the genus Methylocystis. This allows the conversion of a detrimental greenhouse gas into an environmentally friendly high added‐value bioproduct. This study presents the genome sequence of Methylocystis hirsuta CSC1 (a high yield PHB producer). The genome comprises 4,213,043 bp in 4 contigs, with the largest contig being 3,776,027 bp long. Two of the other contigs are likely to correspond to large size plasmids. A total of 4,664 coding sequences were annotated, revealing a PHA production cluster, two distinct particulate methane monooxygenases with active catalytic sites, as well as a nitrogen fixation operon and a partial denitrification pathway.
Simultaneous degradation of β‐cypermethrin and 3‐phenoxybenzoic acid by Eurotiumcristatum ET1, a novel “golden flower fungus” strain isolated from Fu Brick Tea
Authors: Hu Kaidi , Deng Weiqin , Zhu Yuanting , Yao Kai , Li Jinyong , Liu Aiping , Ao Xiaolin , Zou Likou , Zhou Kang , He Li , Chen Shujuan , Yang Yong , Liu Shuliang 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBeta‐cypermethrin (β‐CY) and its major metabolite 3‐phenoxybenzoic acid (3‐PBA) spread extensively in the environment because of utilization in agricultural and home formulations, exerting negative impact on environment as well as human health. Several golden flower fungi were isolated from fu brick tea, by which the biodegradation of β‐CY and 3‐PBA was evaluated, turning out strain Eurotium cristatum ET1 had the highest capacity. Furthermore, β‐CY and 3‐PBA degradation rates were positively correlated with biomass of E. cristatum ET1, and the processes of degradation fitted well with a first‐order kinetic equation. The half‐lives of β‐CY and 3‐PBA ranged from 3.382 to 11.517 days and 1.749 to 3.194 days, respectively, under different substrate concentrations, incubation temperatures, and pH values. The degraded products were analyzed using gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry, and results showed that E. cristatum ET1 degrades β‐CY by transforming it into 3‐PBA, which is then gradually metabolized into phenol and catechol. Moreover, E. cristatum ET1 showed efficiency in degrading these metabolites. Our results suggest that this strain is a potential microorganism for bioremediation of pesticide‐contaminated environments and fermented foods.
Estimating Exploitation Rates in the Alabama Red Snapper Fishery Using a High-Reward Tag–Recapture Approach
Authors: Sackett Dana K. , Catalano Matthew , Drymon Marcus , Powers Sean , Albins Mark A. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Accurate estimates of exploitation are essential to managing an exploited fishery. However, these estimates are often dependent on the area and vulnerable sizes of fish considered in a study. High-reward tagging studies offer a simple and direct approach to estimating exploitation rates at these various scales and in examining how model parameters impact exploitation rate estimates. These methods can ultimately provide a better understanding of the spatial dynamics of exploitation at smaller local and regional scales within a fishery—a measure often needed for more site-attached species, such as the Red Snapper Lutjanus campechanus. We used this approach to tag 724 Red Snapper during 2016 in the Alabama Artificial Reef Zone within the northern Gulf of Mexico to estimate recreational exploitation rates in Alabama waters. We fitted a series of tag return models, analyzed using maximum likelihood, to examine how release depth, movement between depth strata, fish length, and the rate at which anglers released fish impacted estimates of exploitation rate under a range of assumed natural and tagging mortality rates. Our model results suggested higher fishing mortality in the shallower depth stratum than in the deep stratum, constant movement rates with release depth, and constant release rates across fish lengths. Exploitation rate for the aggregate tagged population across the entire sample area was estimated at 0.14. Exploitation rates estimated for each depth stratum were 0.20 (shallow stratum: &lt;36.5 m) and 0.06 (deep stratum: 36.5–61.0 m). In addition, length-based vulnerability to harvest was dome-shaped, with peak exploitation rates of 0.37 (shallow stratum) and 0.12 (deep stratum) occurring at 600–700 mm TL. Although previous studies have suggested higher exploitation rates in shallower waters compared to deeper waters, few estimates exist at these smaller spatial scales.
Impact of erythrocytapheresis on natural anticoagulant levels in children with sickle cell disease: A pilot study
Authors: Sharma Ruchika , Woods Gary M. , Creary Susan , O'Brien Sarah , Stanek Joseph , Hor Kan , Gallagher Christina , Dunn Amy L. , Kumar Riten 
Published: December 2018

AbstractVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is being increasingly recognized in children with sickle cell disease (SCD). In a retrospective cohort study, we identified bilateral central venous catheter (CVC) placement as an independent risk factor for VTE. At our institution, the only indication for bilateral CVC placement in children with SCD is erythrocytapheresis. To investigate the impact of erythrocytapheresis on coagulation, we measured levels of natural anticoagulants in 11 patients with SCD on chronic erythrocytapheresis, immediately before and after apheresis. We demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in most parameters. Additional studies are needed to further investigate the exact etiology and clinical impact of this acute decrease.
Thermally Crosslinkable and Chemically Modifiable Aromatic Polyesters Possessing Pendant Propargyloxy Groups
Authors: Verma Savita , Maher Deepak M. , Nagane Samadhan S. , Tawade Bhausaheb V. , Wadgaonkar Prakash P. 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTNew aromatic (co)polyesters containing pendant propargyloxy groups were synthesized by phase transfer‐catalyzed interfacial polycondensation of 5‐(propargyloxy)isophthaloyl chloride (P‐IPC) and various compositions of P‐IPC and isophthaloyl chloride with bisphenol A. FTIR and NMR spectroscopic data, respectively, revealed successful incorporation of pendant propargyloxy groups into (co)polyesters and formation of (co)polyesters with desired compositions. (Co)polyesters exhibited good solubility in common organic solvents such as chloroform, dichloromethane, and tetrahydrofuran and could be cast into transparent, flexible, and tough films from chloroform solution. Inherent viscosities and number average molecular weights of (co)polyesters were in the range 0.77–1.33 dL/g and 43,600–118,000 g/mol, respectively, indicating the achievement of reasonably high‐molecular weights. The 10% weight loss temperatures of (co)polyesters were in the range 390–420 °C, demonstrating their good thermal stability. (Co)polyesters exhibited Tg in the range 146–170 °C and Tg values decreased with increase in mol % incorporation of P‐IPC. The study of non‐isothermal curing by DSC indicated thermal crosslinking of (co)polyesters via propargyloxy groups. The utility of pendant propargyloxy group was demonstrated by post‐modification of the selected copolyester with 1‐(4‐azidobutyl)pyrene, 9‐(azidomethyl)anthracene, and azido‐terminated poly(ethyleneglycol) monomethyl ether via copper(I)‐catalyzed Huisgen 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction. FTIR and 1H NMR spectra confirmed that click reaction was quantitative. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 588–597
Randomised controlled trial of a repeated consultation support intervention for patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Shepherd Sarah C. , Hacking Belinda , Wallace Louise M. , Murdoch Sarah E. , Belkora Jeff 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectiveUK healthcare policy for improving cancer outcomes supports participation of patients in care decisions with clinicians. Consultation Planning, Recording and Summarising (CPRS) has shown evidence of increasing patient decision self‐efficacy, reducing uncertainty, and regret of decisions. This is the first trial of CPRS within the colorectal cancer population and delivered over serial medical consultations.MethodsThis randomised controlled trial compared usual care to the addition of CPRS over consecutive oncology consultations with newly diagnosed colorectal cancer (CRC) patients in Edinburgh, Scotland. The study primarily evaluated patients' perception of their decision self‐efficacy, preparation for decision‐making, decisional conflict, and decisional regret, with secondary measures of anxiety and depression.ResultsCompared with usual care, overall, the intervention group reported significantly higher decision self‐efficacy (P = 0.001) and preparation for decision‐making (P < 0.001) and significantly lower decisional conflict (P = 0.018) and regret (P = 0.039). The repeated intervention patients felt significantly better prepared for each consultation (P < 0.05); reported higher DSE before (P = 0.05) and after (P = 0.031) consultation one, and after consultation three (P = 0.004); and reported lower decisional conflict after consultation two (P = 0.007). Analyses comparing groups over time on decisional variables and anxiety and depression were underpowered because of attrition.ConclusionsAmong colorectal cancer patients, CPRS was associated with decisional benefits before and after each consultation and 3 months after the last consultation. It appears that CPRS patients began their first medical consultation on a better trajectory but did not widen the gap over time. More research is needed on the benefits of CPRS being administered once or consecutively.
Development of a Class Prediction Model to Discriminate Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma from Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor by MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging
Authors: Casadonte Rita , Kriegsmann Mark , Perren Aurel , Baretton Gustavo , Deininger Sören‐Oliver , Kriegsmann Katharina , Welsch Thilo , Pilarsky Christian , Kriegsmann Jörg 
Published: December 2018

PurposeTo define proteomic differences between pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (pDAC) and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (pNET) by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI MSI).Experimental designNinety‐three pDAC and 126 pNET individual tissues are assembled in tissue microarrays and analyzed by MALDI MSI. The cohort is separated in a training (52 pDAC and 83 pNET) and validation set (41 pDAC and 43 pNET). Subsequently, a linear discriminant analysis (LDA) model based on 46 peptide ions is performed on the training set and evaluated on the validation cohort. Additionally, two liver metastases and a whole slide of pDAC are analyzed by the same LDA algorithm.ResultsClassification of pDAC and pNET by the LDA model is correct in 95% (39/41) and 100% (43/43) of patients in the validation cohort, respectively. The two liver metastases and the whole slide of pDAC are also correctly classified in agreement with the histopathological diagnosis.Conclusion and clinical relevanceIn the present study, a large dataset of pDAC and pNET by MALDI MSI is investigated, a class prediction model that allowed separation of both entities with high accuracy is developed, and differential peptide peaks with potential diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive values are highlighted.
Research advancements in the neurological presentation of flaviviruses
Authors: Chen Tingting , He Xiaoen , Zhang Peiru , Yuan Yawen , Lang Xinyue , Yu Jianhai , Qin Zhiran , Li Xujuan , Zhang Qiwei , Zhu Li , Zhang Bao , Wu Qinghua , Zhao Wei 
Published: December 2018

SummaryOwing to the large‐scale epidemic of Zika virus disease and its association with microcephaly, properties that allow flaviviruses to cause nervous system diseases are an important area of investigation. At present, although potential pathogenic mechanisms of flaviviruses in the nervous system have been examined, they have not been completely elucidated. In this paper, we review the possible mechanisms of blood‐brain barrier penetration, the pathological effects on neurons, and the association between virus mutations and neurotoxicity. A hypothesis on neurotoxicity caused by the Zika virus is presented. Clarifying the mechanisms of virulence of flaviviruses will be helpful in finding better antiviral drugs and optimizing the treatment of symptoms.
Larger Stabilizing Particles Make Stronger Liquid Marble
Authors: Liu Zhou , Zhang Yuyan , Chen Chengliu , Yang Tiyun , Wang Jidong , Guo Ling , Liu Peng , Kong Tiantian 
Published: December 2018

AbstractUnderstanding the mechanical stability of granular‐armored liquid marbles is prerequisite for their applications including encapsulation, sensors, microreactions, and miniaturized liquid storage. Most liquid marbles are armored with agglomerated granular structure which complicates the wetting and interacting states of particles, hence, impeding one from understanding the effect of granular size on the mechanical stability of marbles. In this work, using a custom‐built platform to examine the liquid marbles armored by a single layer of uniform grains, it is revealed that larger microsized grains produce stronger liquid marble. This finding is attributed to the gravity‐induced capillary attraction which dominates the interaction of particles and provides additional tension to the granular network of the marble surface, which enhances the mechanical stability of marbles. In addition, different granular network structures are formed at the marble surface by using a binary mixture of monodisperse grains, and their effect on the mechanical stability of marbles is explored. The understandings offer important insights for application involving liquid marbles and provides guideline to formulate robust marble‐based products.
From source code to test cases: A comprehensive benchmark for resource leak detection in Android apps
Authors: Riganelli Oliviero , Micucci Daniela , Mariani Leonardo 
Published: December 2018

SummaryAndroid apps share resources, such as sensors, cameras, and Global Positioning System, that are subject to specific usage policies whose correct implementation is left to programmers. Failing to satisfy these policies may cause resource leaks, that is, apps may acquire but never release resources. This might have different kinds of consequences, such as apps that are unable to use resources or resources that are unnecessarily active wasting battery. Researchers have proposed several techniques to detect and fix resource leaks. However, the unavailability of public benchmarks of faulty apps makes comparison between techniques difficult, if not impossible, and forces researchers to build their own data set to verify the effectiveness of their techniques (thus, making their work burdensome). The aim of our work is to define a public benchmark of Android apps affected by resource leaks. The resulting benchmark, called AppLeak, is publicly available on GitLab and includes faulty apps, versions with bug fixes (when available), test cases to automatically reproduce the leaks, and additional information that may help researchers in their tasks. Overall, the benchmark includes a body of 40 faults that can be exploited to evaluate and compare both static and dynamic analysis techniques for resource leak detection.
Toxicological evaluation of metal oxide nanoparticles and mixed exposures at low doses using zebra fish and THP1 cell line
Authors: Kaur Jasreen , Khatri Madhu , Puri Sanjeev 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMetal and metal oxide nanoparticles are being used in different industries now‐a‐days leading to their unavoidable exposure to humans and animals. In the present study, toxicological testing was done using nanoparticles of copper oxide, cerium oxide and their mixture (1:1 ratio) on zebra fish embryos and THP‐1 cell line. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to 0.01 μg/ml to 50 μg/ml concentrations of dispersed nanoparticles using a 96 well plate and their effects were studied at different hours post fertilization (hpf) i.e. 0 hpf, 24 hpf, 48 hpf, 72 hpf and 96 hpf respectively. Results showed that copper oxide nanoparticles has drastic effects on the morphology and physiology of zebra fish whereas cerium oxide nanoparticles and mixture of these nanoparticles did not show much of the effects. Comparable results were obtained from in vitro study using human monocyte cell line (THP‐1). It is concluded that these nanoparticles may cause toxicological effects to humans and environment.
The influence of dam construction on water quality in the lower Geum River, Korea
Authors: Shim Moo Joon , Yoon Sang Chul , Yoon Yi Yong 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe Geum River has been faced with extreme environmental change due to the construction of three dams in midstream since 2012 (Four Major River Restoration Project). We hypothesized that suspended solids (SS) and total particulate phosphorus (TPP) decreased after the dam construction. To test our hypothesis, we investigated the influence of the dam construction on water quality by measuring possible impacts of decreasing SS, total phosphorus (TP), and TPP on the ecosystem in the lower Geum River and the Geum River estuary. For this study, we chose one site to compare the monthly water quality data pre‐construction (2008) and post‐construction (2015). Dissolved oxygen and pH were not significantly different between pre‐ and post‐construction, while electric conductivity (EC) increased. The increase in the EC may be related to a decrease in river discharge (RD) after the dam construction. As we expected, TP and TPP decreased post‐construction, but SS did not show significant differences between pre‐ and post‐construction. This suggests that the decline of TPP concentrations post‐construction were not related to SS levels. The explosive algal bloom and sedimentation of the algae may be an important factor in explaining the decrease in TP and TPP. The decline of SS, TP, and TPP flux to the lower Geum River was observed. This could be a potential reason for the erosion of the mud flat of the Geum River estuary in the future. Therefore, to determine the long‐term effects of the SS and the phosphorus fluxes to the lower Geum River, these factors should be monitored periodically over longer periods of time than this study.
Non-unitary evolution in the general extended EFT of inflation & excited initial states
Authors: Ashoorioon Amjad 
Published: December 2018

AbstractI study the “general” case that arises in the Extended Effective Field Theory of Inflation (gEEFToI), in which the coefficients of the sixth order polynomial dispersion relation depend on the physical wavelength of the fluctuation mode, hence they are time-dependent. At arbitrarily short wavelengths the unitarity is lost for each mode. Depending on the values of the gEEFToI parameters in the unitary gauge action, two scenarios can arise: in one, the coefficients of the polynomial become singular, flip signs at some physical wavelength and asymptote to a constant value as the wavelength of the mode is stretched to infinity. Starting from the WKB vacuum, the two-point function is essentially singular in the infinite IR limit. In the other case, the coefficients of the dispersion relation evolve monotonically from zero to a constant value in the infinite IR. In order to have a finite power spectrum starting from the vacuum in this case, the mode function has to be an eigensolution of the Confluent Heun (CH) equation, which leads to a very confined parameter space for gEEFToI. Finally, I look at a solution of the CH equation which is regular in the infinite IR limit and yields a finite power spectrum in either scenario. I demonstrate that this solution asymptotes to an excited state in past infinity in both cases. The result is interpreted in the light of the loss of unitarity for very small wavelengths. The outcome of such a non-unitary phase evolution should prepare each mode in the excited initial state that yields a finite two-point function for all the parameter space. This will be constraining of the new physics that UV completes such scenarios.
Risk inherent in delay accounts for magnitude effects in intertemporal decision making
Authors: Białaszek Wojciech , Marcowski Przemysław , Ostaszewski Paweł 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIf the future is indeed uncertain, then is the subjective riskiness of future gains and losses amount-dependent? To address this question, we performed two experiments, one regarding hypothetical monetary gains and the other regarding hypothetical monetary losses. Our main objective was to determine whether the magnitude effect observed in delay discounting can be explained by the subjective probability of receiving a future outcome. We employed a well-grounded discounting paradigm with a fixed-sequence procedure and the Subjective Probability Questionnaire across different magnitudes of gains and losses. We replicated prior findings indicating that the magnitude effect (observed in delay discounting) or the reverse magnitude effect (observed in probability discounting) are present for monetary gains but not for monetary losses. We found that the subjective probability of receiving future outcomes is amount-dependent for gains but not for losses. We propose that the magnitude effect can be a by-product of the risk associated with future payoffs of different magnitudes, as shown by mediation analysis. Our secondary goal was to investigate the form of the subjective probability function over time to determine if the change in risk inherent in delay is best described by the hyperbolic or exponential equations. We demonstrate that delay and probability discounting, as well as the subjective probability function, are best described by a simple hyperbolic model.