bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Collaboration, Not Calculation: A Qualitative Study of How Hospital Executives Value Hospital Medicine Groups
Authors: White Andrew A , McIlraith Thomas , Chivu Anton M , Cyrus Rachel , Cockerham Christopher , Vora Hardik , Vulgamore Patrick 
Published: July 2019

BACKGROUNDHospital medicine groups (HMGs) typically receive financial support from hospitals. Determining a fair amount of financial support requires negotiation between HMG and hospital leaders. As the hospital medicine care model evolves, hospital leaders may regularly challenge HMGs to demonstrate the financial value of activities that do not directly generate revenue.OBJECTIVETo describe current attitudes and beliefs of hospital executives regarding the value of contributions made by HMGs.DESIGNThematic content analysis of key informant interviews.PARTICIPANTSTwenty‐four healthcare institutional leaders, including hospital presidents, chief medical officers, chief executive officers, and chief financial officers. Participants comprised a diverse sample from all regions in the United States, including rural, suburban, and urban locations, and academic and nonacademic institutions.RESULTSExecutives highly valued hospitalist groups that demonstrate alignment with hospital priorities, and often used this concept to summarize the HMG's success across several value domains. Most executives evaluated only a few key HMG metrics, but almost no executives reported calculating the HMG return on investment by summing pertinent quantitative contributions. Respondents described an evolving concept of hospitalist value and believed that HMGs generate substantial value that is difficult to measure financially.CONCLUSIONSHospital executives appear to make financial support decisions based on a small number of basic financial or care quality metrics combined with a subjective assessment of the HMG's broader alignment with hospital priorities. HMG leaders should focus on building relationships that facilitate dialog about alignment with hospital needs.
Metode Pembelajaran Hafalan Surat-Surat Pendek pada Anak Usia Dini RA Full Day Se-Kabupaten Bantul
Authors: Retnowati Yuni 
Published: July 2019

This paper is an analysis of learning methods for memorizing short letters in RA Full Day in Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta which includes RA IT Ar-Royyan, RA Ar-Raihan, RA Bunayya ICBB, RA Tahfidz Alqur'an Jamilurrohman, RA Beniso, RA Jogja Citra, RA Permata Hati Al-Mahalli, and RA Masyithoh Tlenggongan. This study aims to find out the right method in learning to memorize short letters in RA Full Day in Baul Regency, Yogyakarta. This type of research methods is used by observation, interview, documentation and triangulation methods. The results obtained in the study show that the method for learning memorization of short letters that is appropriate to apply is the Method of Qira'ati and Iqro. The obstacles faced by the teachers in applying these methods include low memorization ability; lack of parental attention to children's religious activities at home and in the community; children prefer to play rather than participating in memorizing short letters in the Qur'an; and hyperactive child behavior.
Pengembangan Model Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab Berbasis Teori Multiple Intelligence
Authors: Ahmad Zainal Arifin 
Published: July 2019

The discovery of the theory of Multiple Intelligence by Howard Gagner has changed the paradigm of education and learning. If the old paradigm view that intelligence is a single learner who is only measured by IQ tests, then the paradigm of Multiple Intelligence view that intelligence is plural learners. Each individual has the advantage of certain intelligence that may be different with advantages that others have. That fact has implications for the importance of changing patterns of education and learning, including learning Arabic, from the pattern that is only oriented to the development of intellectual intelligence (IQ) to the pattern of intelligence that takes into account the diversity of learners. This paper describes showing the development of Arabic language instruction model based on the theory of Multiple Intelligence. The model in question is a model of the development of Arabic language learning component which includes the development of Arabic language learning goals, teachers’ roles, attitudes and treatment of students, and the development of materials, methods, media, and evaluating the results of learning Arabic, all of which were based on intelligence insight plural (Multiple Intelligence).
Pengajaran Bahasa Arab di Madrasah dan Sekolah
Authors: Asyrofi Syamsuddin 
Published: July 2019

Method in teaching-learning process is very important, especially in learning foreign language, for instance Arabic, as a tool achieve the determined goal. Learning method is always changing from time to time in line with the developmentof the epoch. It is not surprised that new methods of learning are developved rapidly. However, the new methods are usually created as the “ reaction” to the old methods that have been used before. The new methods are often claimed as the best method to be used, Nevertheless, a method is not viewed as good or not, but a method is viewed as whether it is proper or not for certain condition. Every method has its own advantages that can be used by considering the existing condition
كسرة همزة "إن" فى القرآن الكريم سورة البقرة والقصص
Authors: Fahmi Ari Khairurrijal 
Published: July 2019

The objective of this research is to acquire a deep understanding of the "Kasrah Hamzah Inna" on Alquran Alkareem Albaqarah and Alqashas Epistles, which consist of 149 verses. The research method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative method using content analysis of the verses of Quran. The result showed that there are 97 % the "Kasrah" was compulsory, and 3% was uncompulsory. The most verses appear with "Inna" is at the beginning of the kalimah and after the verb "Qaul" . The 97% of kasratu Inna is compulsory, it's divided into five: 1. At the beginning of the sentence amounted to 80 (54%) (and it is divided into 5; a.hakikat it was 13 (16%), b, hokum it was 3 (4%), c.ibtidaiyah it was 12 (15%), d. isti'nafiyyah it was 12 (15%), e. ta'liliyyah 40 (50%)). 2. After the Conjunction it was 1 (1%). 3. After the answer of oath sentence, it was 1 (1%). 4. After the words amounted to 31 (21%). After the sentence torch circumstances, it was 5 (4%). Meanwhile, the position of noncompulsory kasratu Hamzah Inna was founded after faa aljazaa, only 5 times (3%). The results show that many types of kasrah hamzah Inna were founded in albaqarah and alqashas.
Penguasaan Mufrādat dan Qawā’id Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Keterampilan Menulis Bahasa Arab
Authors: Ahyar Haerul 
Published: July 2019

This article discusses the elements of language and language skills, specifically the elements of mufradat and qowā’id as well as the skill in writing Arabic (al-maharah al-kitabah). The present study aims to prove the theory of the importance of language element in language skill, i.e. the correlational relationship of the mastery of mufradat and qowā’id with the ability to write in Arabic of grade X students of MAN 1 Sleman Yogyakarta majoring in Religion in the academic year of 2016/2017. This is a quantitative descriptive study that uses the said students as the subjects. There are 27 students involved in this study who show that: 1) The average score of mufradat mastery of the students is 75.74. This score is including in the category of average. 2) The average score of qowā’id ability of the students is 42.74 which is including in the category of average. 3) The average score of the kitabah ability of the students is 64.81 which is including in the average category. 4) The result of r calculation referring to the Correlation Coefficient (R) regression formula shows the value of 0.800. The value significance obtained is (0.000). Thus, it could be interpreted that between the mastery of mufradat and qowā’id simultaneously with the ability to write Arabic of the students shows a positive and significant correlational relationship.
Abstrak
Artikel ini membahas tentang unsur bahasa dan keterampilan berbahasa, lebih tepatnya unsur mufrādat dan qawā’id serta keterampilan menulis Arab (al-Mahārah al-Kitābah). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan teori yang mengatakan pentingnya unsur bahasa dalam keterampilan berbahasa, yakni tentang hubungan korelasional penguasaan Mufrādat dan qawā’id dengan kemampuan menulis Arab siswa kelas X Agama MAN 1 Sleman Yogyakarta pada tahun ajaran 2016/2017. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan bersifat kuantitatif deskriptif dengan menjadikan siswa kelas X IIK MAN 1 Sleman Yogyakarta sebagai subyek sekaligus sampel penelitian dengan jumlah sebanyak 27 siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Nilai rata-rata penguasaan Mufrādat siswa sebesar 75,74. Nilai tersebut termasuk dalam kategori sedang atau cukup. 2) Nilai rata-rata kemampuan Qawā’id siswa sebesar 42,74, termasuk dalam kategori sedang atau cukup. 3) Nilai rata-rata kemampuan Kitabah siswa sebesar 64,81. Nilai tersebut termasuk dalam kategori sedang atau cukup. 4) Hasil perhitungan r mengacu pada nilai koefisien korelasi (R) rumus regresi menunjukan nilai yang diperoleh sebesar 0,800. Kemudian nilai signifikansi diperoleh sebesar (0,000). Maka dapat diinterpretasikan bahwa antara penguasaan Mufrādat dan qowā’id secara bersamaan dengan kemampuan menulis bahasa Arab siswa kelas X IIK MAN 1 Sleman Yogyakarta terdapat hubungan korelasional yang positif dan signifikan.
Kata kunci: Korelasional, Penguasaan Mufrādat, Qawāid, dan Keterampilan Menulis
Analisis Kesalahan Bahasa Pada Taksonomi Linguistik Dalam Penulisan Insya’
Authors: Prihantoro Syukur 
Published: July 2019

إنّ اللغة العربية تعليمها و تعلّمها لدي الناطقين بغيرها ليست بأمر يسر. قد يواجه الطلاب الصعوبات في تعلّمها كلغتهم الثانية. و بعضهم يرتكبون الأخطاء أثناء تطبيق هذه اللغة، و هذه الأخطاء إمّا في الكتابة و إمّا في الكلام. تناولت هذه الدراسة تحليل الأخطاء اللغوية في كتابة الإنشاء لدى التلميذات في الصفّ الثاني بمدرسة إبن القيّم المتوسّطة الإسلامية للبنات يوكياكرتا و أسبابها و معالجتها . أما طريقة جمع البيانات فاستخدم الباحث الإختبار و المقابلة. و قام الباحث بتصنيف تلك الأخطاء و تفسيرها عند تقسيمات كوردر (Corder). بناء على نتيجة الإختبار فيحصل على أن الأخطاء الشائعة في أوراق الإنشاء لدى التلميذات في الصفّ الثاني بمدرسة إبن القيّم المتوسّطة الإسلامية للبنات يوكياكرتا عددها 109 خطاء. ثم يصنفها بالتفصيل على ضوء علم اللغة إلى أربعة أقسام و هي : 1) الأخطاء الإملائية (44 خطاء)، 2) الأخطاء الصرفية (12 خطاء)، 3) الأخطاء النحوية (29 خطاء)، 4) الأخطاء الدلالية و الكلمات (24 خطاء).
Abstrak
Bahasa Arab yang diajarkan dan dipelajari oleh penutur lain tidaklah mudah. Siswa mungkin mengalami kesulitan belajar sebagai bahasa kedua mereka. Dan beberapa dari mereka terdapat kesalahan selama penerapan bahasa ini, dan kesalahan-kesalahan ini baik secara tertulis maupun dalam pidato.Penelitian ini berkaitan dengan analisis kesalahan linguistik dalam penulisan konstruksi siswa di kelas dua, putri sekolah menengah Islam Ibnu al-Qayyim,Yokayakarta dan penyebab dan solusinya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini metode pengumpulan data, peneliti menggunakan tes dan wawancara. Peneliti mengkelompokkan kesalahan dan menginterpretasikan pendapat Corder. Berdasarkan hasil tes, ditemukan bahwa kesalahan umum dalam makalah konstruksi siswa kelas dua putri di sekolah menengah Islam Ibnu al-Qayyim Yogyakarta adalah 109 kesalahan. Kemudian mengklasifikasikannya berdasarkan linguistik menjadi empat bagian: 1) Kesalahan pengejaan (44 kesalahan), 2) Kesalahan shorfiyah (12 kesalahan), 3) Kesalahan tata bahasa (29 kesalahan), 4) Kesalahan semantik dan kata.
Kata kunci: Analisis kesalahan linguistik, Insya’
Karakteristik Kepemimpinan Transformasional di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) serta Relevansinya dengan Visi Pendidikan Abad 21
Authors: Assingkily Muhammad Shaleh , Mesiono Mesiono 
Published: July 2019

This paper discusses the characteristics of transformational leadership in Islamic Elementery School (MI). It focuses on how the basic concepts of this kind of leadership are relevant to the 21st century education vision, on the what are the essential steps of a transformational leader on investigaties the strengths and weaknesses of transformational leadership in developing the quality of human resources in managing a school. This research used a qualitative approach with the main data of a literary study. The results of this research indicate that (1) the characteristic of transformational leadership through idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intelectual stimulation, and individual consideration (4I) are relevant to the vision of 21st century education. The characteristics are built in the form of life and career skills, learning and innovation skills, information, media, and technological skills, (2) the steps for a transformational leader to face the vision of 21st century education are described in the concept of 4I which is combined with 4C (critical thinking and problem solving, creativity and innovation, communication, and collaboration) towards 3 vision of education in the 21st century, and (3) the advantages of transformational leadership are in cost savings, high commitment, actualization of the potential human resources, and interpersonal communication, while the weaknesses are that it requires a relatively longer time, uneven empowerment, needs intense attention, and is difficult to apply to members in the number of units.
Perovskite-structured Active Solid Catalyst for Biofuel Synthesis
Authors: Umar Ahmed , Thotyl Musthafa Ottakam , Hadi Abdullahi 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
A solid catalyst tailored to perovskite structure was synthesized and investigated for catalytic activity in a transesterification reaction to form biodiesel. The catalyst has demonstrated high catalytic activity and selectivity for biodiesel under very mild reaction conditions and short reaction times. The catalyst system has shown robust resistance to leaching of the active phase when reused. The performance was attributable to the perovskite structure and the dopant metal used. Hence, this work has shown that the structure and dopant metal of the solid catalyst could be tailored to enhance catalytic activity and durability for renewable fuel synthesis.
Geographic distribution of the 3435C>T polymorphism of the MDR1 gene in Peruvian populations
Authors: Valencia Ayala Edward , Marcos Carbajal Pool , Coelho Eduardo Barbosa , Sandoval Jose Sandoval , Salazar Granara Alberto 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundTheMDR1gene presents several genetic polymorphisms with pharmacological implications. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to establish the genotype and allele frequencies of 3435C>T polymorphism ofMDR1gene into Peruvian populations (Coastal, Andean and Amazonian ecoregions), even considering the altitude (lowland <2500 m and highland >2500 m).MethodsThe polymorphism was analyzed by TaqMan genotyping assays in a group of 181 healthy unrelated Peruvian individuals. The comparison of genotype and allele frequencies of 3435C>T polymorphism was made with the Pearson test (X2), and, to calculate the genotype distributions, the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) was used.ResultsIn all populations evaluated in this study, the genotype frequency distributions met HWE assumptions. The comparison between genotype and allele frequencies showed significant differences (p < 0.05), when the Andean, Coastal and Amazonian populations were compared. Also, significant differences (p < 0.05) were obtained when these populations were compared considering their altitudes. Likewise, in comparison with countries like USA, Finland, Nigeria and Kenya, the results showed significant differences (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThis investigation allowed us to establish the genotype and allele frequencies of 3435C>T polymorphism in different Peruvian populations, considering the geographic localization and even the altitude.
Adsorption of Ciprofloxacin from Aqueous Environment by Using Synthesized Nanoceria
Authors: Rahdar Abbas , Rahdar Somayeh , Ahmadi Shahin , Fu Jie 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Antibiotics are widely detected emerging contaminants in water environments and possess high potential risks to human health and aquatic life. However, conventional water treatment processes cannot remove them sufficiently. To develop innovative nanoadsorbents for effectively remove antibiotic contaminants from water environment, nanoceria were prepared via in situ precipitation method, and evaluated their adsorption capacity for a model antibiotic, ciprofloxacin (CIP). The properties of the prepared nanoceria were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and vibration sample magnetization (VSM). The effect of various operating parameters such as pH, initial CIP concentration, contact time, and adsorbent dosage on adsorptions of CIP were studied in batch experiments. Maximum adsorption capacity of the nanoceria was 49.38 mg/g at the conditions of pH 5, initial CIP concentration of 200 mg/dm3 and adsorbent dosage of 0.2 g/dm3, when 95.43 % of the CIP was removed. For adsorption kinetics, both pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models can well describe the experimental data, indicating that the adsorption process was controlled by both physical diffusion and chemical interaction. For adsorption isotherms, the Freundlich model could fit the experimental data better than the Langmuir and Temkin models, suggesting a multilayer adsorption process. The thermal dynamics study showed the absorption process was spontaneity, exothermic, and irreversible. Finally it was concluded that the nanoceria can be used effectively for CIP removal.
Sewage Sludge Biochar Effects on Phosphorus Mobility in Soil and Accumulation in Plant
Authors: Gondek Krzysztof , Mierzwa-Hersztek Monika , Kopeć Michał , Sikora Jakub , Lošák Tomáš , Grzybowski Piotr 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In the course of analysing sewage sludge biochar (BC) as a material containing phosphorus loads, we determined the following: effect of thermal conversion of three different sewage sludge biochars on the content and availability of P in biochars (BC-1, BC-2 BC-3), effect of their application on selected forms of P in soil and on the accumulation of this component in Poa pratensis L. biomass. Regardless of the type of BC, the contents of P-H2O and P-CaCl2 were lower than the contents determined in unconverted sewage sludge. A significant increase in the content of P-CaCl2 compared to the control was noted in the soil of treatments where 1 and 2 % additions of BC-2 and BC-3 were applied. Soil pH (r = 0.826; p ≤ 0.05) and the content of Ca-exchangeable (r = 0.712; p ≤ 0.05) had the strongest effect on the content of P-CaCl2 in soil; however, no significant relationship was found between the amount of P-introduced with BC, the contents of Al-ox., Fe-ox. and the content of P-CaCl2. Significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase in the phosphorus content in plant biomass was noted in all treatments compared to the control. Regardless of the type of biochar applied, the highest amount of P-uptake was determined in treatments where the greatest addition of BC (2 %) was introduced into the soil. A significant relationship between P-uptake and the amount of P-introduced with BC into the soil (r = 0.726; p ≤ 0.05) was demonstrated.
Environmentally Friendly Fuel Usage: Economic Margin of Feasibility
Authors: Kalinichenko Antonina , Havrysh Valerii 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In the world there are two main problems concerning energy and ecology. Despite the crude oil price fluctuation, it has tended to increase. Moreover fossil fuel burning emits hazard compounds, including greenhouse gas. To solve them alternative fuels for vehicle have to be used. In due to properties, their usage impacts on the engine efficiency. The alternative fuel usage needs additional investment costs on the vehicle engines adaptation and fuel supply infrastructure. So, decisions must be based on mathematical apparatus. Three submodels were used in the suggested mathematical model: energy and economic indicator for fuels; energy and economic indicator for vehicles; criteria for investment projects. As a criterion of investment projects the profitability index has been grounded. The mathematical model and the algorithm for determining the feasibility of the alternative fuel utilization have been developed. The proposed algorithm includes the following stages: calculation of the fuel energy cost; calculation of the criteria for vehicles; determining the maximum value of investments; making decisions. Biofuels and gaseous fuels for some countries have been studied. The economic attractiveness of the alternative transport fuels has been presented. According to mathematical modeling, gaseous fuels are more economically attractive compared with liquid biofuels. Among gaseous fuels, LPG has a higher economic efficiency. The economic margin of alternative fuel application feasibility has been determined.
Synergistic flame-retardant effect between lignin and magnesium hydroxide in poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate)
Authors: Laoutid Fouad , Duriez Victor , Brison Loic , Aouadi Sabrina , Vahabi Henri , Dubois Philippe 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this study, we evaluated the interest of combining magnesium hydroxide (MDH) and lignin for developing complementary flame retardant actions in poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (EVA). Lignin was selected owing to its char forming ability thatwas supposed to reinforce the endothermic effect provided by MDH. The effect of lignin chemical modification by ammonium phosphate functions also evaluated as a way for enhancing its charring effect. Fire properties and thermal behavior of EVA composites were characterized using cone calorimeter, Pyrolysis Combustion Flow Calorimeter (PCFC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The effect of the incorporation of lignin alone on EVAcomposite thermal and fire behavior first evaluated. Results evidenced that the incorporation of lignin, whatever its nature, induced important reduction of composite thermal stability during TGA analysis as well as significant reduction of the time to ignition (TTI) in cone calorimeter test. However, a significant reduction of peak of heat release rate (pHRR), higher than that obtained with MDH was observed. The combination of lignin and MDH was led to further reduction of pHRR. Furthermore, it was concluded that the chemical modification of lignin is not required prior obtaining improved flame-retardant properties.