bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Population-level Analysis of the Differing Effects of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Spondyloarthritis on Peripartum Outcomes
Authors: Keeling Stephanie O. , Bowker Samantha L. , Savu Anamaria , Kaul Padma 
Published: May 2019

Objective.The effects of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and spondyloarthritis (SpA) on maternal and neonatal outcomes at a population level have not previously been well compared.Methods.A contemporary pregnancy cohort of 312,081 women and corresponding birth events was assembled for the province of Alberta from the random selection of 1 live birth event per woman. We identified 3 groups: (1) no inflammatory arthritis (no IA, n = 308,989), (2) RA (n = 631), and (3) SpA (n = 2461). We compared maternal and neonatal outcomes, comorbid conditions, and medication use among the 3 groups. Multivariable logistic regression models evaluated the independent association between RA and SpA, relative to no IA, and the outcomes of small for gestation age (SGA) and hypertensive disorders during pregnancy.Results.Pregnant women with RA were significantly more likely to have preterm delivery (13.5%), cesarean delivery (33.9%), hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (10.5%), and SGA babies (15.6%), compared to pregnant women with either SpA or no IA. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and corticosteroid use were significantly higher in pregnant women with RA compared to the other groups. Women with RA were significantly more likely to have an SGA baby (OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.21–1.88; p < 0.01), and hypertensive disorder in pregnancy (OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.16–1.97; p < 0.01), compared to women with no IA, while no difference was found between women with SpA and those with no IA.Conclusion.Women with RA have a higher risk of worse maternal and neonatal outcomes, whereas the risk of these events is similar between women with and without SpA.
Patient-perceived Burden of Disease in Pediatric Relapsing Polychondritis
Authors: Rimland Casey A. , Ferrada Marcela A. , Sinaii Ninet , Sikora Keith A. , Colbert Robert A. , Grayson Peter C. , Katz James D. 
Published: May 2019

Objective.To assess patient-reported burden of disease in pediatric patients with relapsing polychondritis (RP) and to compare those findings to adult patients.Methods.A survey based on known clinical symptoms of RP was developed and administered to patients with a pediatric diagnosis of RP. Adult patients completed a similar survey.Results.Twenty-one pediatric patients, or their parents, completed surveys. Median age at symptom onset was 6 years (interquartile range 1.8–12). Prior to diagnosis, most pediatric patients went to the emergency room (ER; 61.9%), saw > 3 physicians (57.1%), and took > 1 year to be diagnosed (61.9%). Pediatric patients were often diagnosed with asthma (42.9%), ear infections (42.9%), or sinusitis (33.3%) prior to diagnosis of RP. Symptoms prior to diagnosis included ear pain/redness (85.7%), joint pain/swelling (61.9%), and airway symptoms (38.1%). Four pediatric patients (19%) reported tracheomalacia requiring tracheostomy. Pediatric patients frequently missed school because of their disease (71.4%). Surveys from 290 adult patients were compared to pediatric patients. Pediatric patients were significantly more likely to undergo biopsy (42.9% vs 17.4%; p < 0.01) and be treated with biologics (42.9% vs 19%; p = 0.02). Adults were significantly more likely to be female (87.8% vs 28.6%; p < 0.01) and to report airway symptoms (77.9% vs 47.6%; p = 0.01). Prevalence of disease complications was not significantly different between adult and pediatric patients.Conclusions.The burden of disease in pediatric patients with RP includes missed school, diagnostic delay, ER visits, and multisystem disease, with resultant damage to cartilaginous structures. Differences in airway involvement and treatment approaches may exist between pediatric and adult patients.
Placebo Response in Rheumatoid Arthritis Clinical Trials
Authors: Bechman Katie , Yates Mark , Norton Sam , Cope Andrew P. , Galloway James B. 
Published: May 2019

Objective.Understanding the placebo response is critical to interpreting treatment efficacy, particularly for agents with a ceiling to their therapeutic effect, where an increasing placebo response makes it harder to detect potential benefit. The objective of this study is to assess the change in placebo responses over time in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) randomized placebo-controlled trials (RCT) for drug licensing authorization.Methods.The Cochrane Controlled Trials Register database was searched to identify RCT of biological or targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD) in RA. Studies were excluded if patients were conventional synthetic DMARD (csDMARD)–naive, not receiving background csDMARD therapy, or were biologic experienced. Metaregression model was used to evaluate changes in American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 20, ACR50, and ACR70 treatment response over time.Results.There were 32 trials in total: anti–tumor necrosis factor therapy (n = 15), tocilizumab (n = 4), abatacept (n = 2), rituximab (n = 2), and Janus kinase inhibitors (n = 9). From 1999 to 2018, there was no significant trend in the age or sex of patients in the placebo arm. Disease duration, swollen joint count, and 28-joint count Disease Activity Score using erythrocyte sedimentation rate at baseline all significantly declined over time. There was a statistically significant increase in placebo ACR50 and ACR70 responses (ACR50 β = 0.41, 95% CI 0.09–0.74, p = 0.01; ACR70 β = 0.18, 95% CI 0.04–0.31, p = 0.01) that remained significant after controlling for potential confounders.Conclusion.There has been a rise in the placebo response in RA clinical trials over the last 2 decades. Shifting RA phenotype, changes in trial design, and expectation bias are possible explanations for this phenomenon. This observation has important implications when evaluating newer novel agents against established therapies.
L’émigration des immigrés,une dimension oubliée de la mobilité géographique
Authors: Solignac Matthieu 
Published: May 2019

Cet article analyse la mobilité géographique des immigrés par rapport à celle des natifs en tenant compte des départs du pays d’accueil. Alors que la mobilité résidentielle de la plupart des natifs s’effectue au sein du territoire national, une proportion importante d’immigrés le quitte pour leur pays de naissance ou un pays tiers. Mais ces flux d’émigration sont souvent occultés, tant par l’approche rétrospective habituellement adoptée pour l’étude de la mobilité résidentielle, qu’en raison du manque de données adaptées pour mesurer les sorties du territoire. Ce travail se distingue en proposant une analyse du taux de départ des communes françaises, quelle que soit la destination. Dépassant la dichotomie entre migration interne et migration internationale, cette approche intégralement fondée sur un suivi individuel offre une mesure générale de la mobilité incluant l’émigration. Ce travail est mené à partir de l’exploitation d’un large panel administratif constitué de recensements exhaustifs et de l’état civil. Représentatif de la population, il permet un suivi systématique des trajectoires individuelles sur le territoire métropolitain français entre 1968 et 1999, tout en demeurant représentatif de l’ensemble de la population. La mobilité des immigrés se révèle nettement plus élevée que celle habituellement mesurée de façon rétrospective : elle est de 30 % à 50 % supérieure à celle des natifs. Un quart à un tiers des immigrés observés à un recensement donné ont quitté le territoire français au bout de 7 à 9 ans.
Observer le nombre d'enfants avec les données EU-SILC
Authors: Greulich Angela , Dasré Aurélien , Guerrouche Karine 
Published: May 2019

Les données des statistiques de l’Union européenne sur le revenu et les conditions de vie (EU-SILC) sont de plus en plus utilisées dans différents domaines de recherche en raison du grand nombre de pays couverts, des indicateurs socioéconomiques harmonisés disponibles et de la possibilité de les comparer, voire de les fusionner, à d’autres données. Toutefois, les mesures issues d’EU-SILC peuvent être faussées, car l’enquête ne pose pas la question du nombre total d’enfants d’une femme ou d’un homme, y compris ceux décédés, et parce que seuls les enfants vivant avec les parents sont comptabilisés. Ce n’est pas sans inconvénient pour l’analyse démographique comme pour l’analyse socioéconomique, car la taille des familles et les comportements en termes de fécondité sont des déterminants importants du revenu et des conditions de vie. Afin de sensibiliser les utilisateurs à cette question, cet article propose une analyse détaillée de la qualité des mesures du nombre d’enfants dans EU-SILC. Il s’agit tout d’abord de quantifier, pour 10 pays, le biais caractérisant le nombre d’enfants déclarés en distinguant les mesures de la fécondité selon l’âge et le rang de naissance, puis d’identifier les profils socioéconomiques les plus fortement associés à ce risque de biais.
Donzelot et le gouvernement des familles : une analyse critique des modèles systémiques en sciences infirmières
Authors: Paradis-Gagné Étienne , Holmes Dave 
Published: May 2019

Cet article a pour but d’effectuer une analyse critique du modèle de Calgary par l’entremise de la théorie du gouvernement de la famille de Jacques Donzelot. Selon Donzelot, la famille est instrumentalisée par le pouvoir (para) médical, et devient un terreau fertile pour des pratiques de gouvernementalité. Ainsi, la famille est invitée et « formée » à jouer un rôle de soignant en plus d’assumer un rôle de proche aidant. Le dispositif (para) médical s’impose dans l’intimité de la famille, en altère le fonctionnement, et y exerce un gouvernement ténu des conduites. La perspective théorique de Donzelot, par son caractère critique et politique, entre cependant en conflit avec les représentations usuelles des soins infirmiers à la famille.
Enquêter sur ou enquêter avec ? Pour une pratique démocratique de la sociologie
Authors: Madec Annick , Monchatre Sylvie , Selek Pinar 
Published: May 2019

Comment démocratiser l’exercice de la sociologie quand se développent la recherche sur commande et des politiques d’excellence qui majorent les risques d’une appropriation privative des résultats et d’une invisibilisation de la discipline dans l’espace public ? Nous nous demandons, dans cet article, comment rendre publiques les « conversations » que nous entretenons avec nos enquêtés, dans la perspective d’une poursuite des échanges au-delà de l’enquête. Sans prétendre apporter de réponse définitive à ces questions, nous présentons nos propres expériences de mise en forme de ces conversations par la voie du théâtre, de l’écriture et de l’engagement militant, l’enjeu étant pour nous, moins de faire une sociologie « pour » que de créer les conditions d’échanges sur pied d’égalité.
Christelijke identiteit als cultureel gegeven in Nederland
Authors: Smalbrugge Matthias 
Published: May 2019

Christian identity as cultural dimension in the Netherlands
The Dutch approach of religious matters is still characterized by an approach that fits in the 19th century, not in the 21st. This approach considers religion as a private matter without taking into account the cultural dimension of religion. Such an approach is not keeping the pace of the development of religion in a post-secular world and it loses sight of the modern debate on religion elsewhere in Europe. In particular it tends to ignore the cultural value of Christianity by pointing at the deconfessionalization. The article focuses on the role the Christian narrative has in making visible the issue of power.
Het boeddhisme en de ideale staat
Authors: van der Velde Paul 
Published: May 2019

Buddhism and the ideal state
Buddhism has very specific ideas about an idealized form of government in Asia. These ideas may be ancient but they very often play a part in the background of politics up to modernity. Even within republics where religious monarchy has long since disappeared, a certain supernatural foundation on the basis of which a government functions may still be present. Opposition to a government can often imply resistance to a world order that is actually of supranatural origin. This article focuses on historical dimensions of this phenomenon (the position of the Buddha, the origin of the monarchy and Emperor Ashoka), but also on modern forms (Sri Lanka, Thailand and Myanmar). Concerning Myanmar, the recent developments around the Rohingyas are placed in a cultural perspective.
Root canal cleaning with different reciprocating and rotary instrumentation systems
Authors: İnce Yusufoğlu Selen , Arı Aydınbelge Hale 
Published: May 2019

Aim: The purpose of the present study was to compare the cleaning effectiveness of two reciprocating single-file systems with ProTaper Next and ProTaper Universal rotary instruments during the preparation of single-rooted extracted teeth.
Methodology: Sixty freshly extracted single-rooted human teeth were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=15). In group 1, root canals were prepared with ProTaper Universal, in group 2, they were prepared with ProTaper Next, in group 3, they were prepared with WaveOne and in group 4, root canals prepared with Reciproc systems. Canals were prepared to the following apical sizes: ProTaper Universal F3, ProTaper Next X3, WaveOne Primary and Reciproc 25. The irrigant in all groups was 2ml 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution, the final irrigation after preparation all groups was 2ml NaOCl, 2ml EDTA and 2ml saline solution. The roots were split longitudinally into halves and the canals examined using a scanning electron microscope. The presence of a debris and smear layer was recorded at the coronal, middle and the apical thirds of root canals using a five-step scoring scale. Data were statistically analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests.
Results: All groups showed more efficient smear layer and debris removal coronally than in the middle and apical regions, whereas the mean total debris score and the mean smear layer score in all groups were less in the WaveOne and the Reciproc groups.
Conclusions: Under the conditions of this study, for root canal cleanliness Reciproc and WaveOne may be preferred rather than ProTaperUniversal and ProTaperNext.

How to cite this article: İnce Yusufoğlu S, Arı Aydınbelge H. Root canal cleaning with different reciprocating and rotary instrumentation systems. Int Dent Res 2019;9(1):1-8.

Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.
The knowledge, attitude and practices of Turkish general dentists on dental x-rays in pregnant women
Authors: Temur Katibe Tuğçe , Temur İsa , Hatipoğlu Ömer 
Published: May 2019

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practices of the general dental dentists working in Turkey on the dental x-rays in pregnant women; and to develop awareness for the purpose of not delaying their dental treatments.
Methodology: The questionnaire that was used in the study was applied to 270 dental dentists who worked in Turkey in electronic medium. The questionnaire consisted of 2 sections each of which had 11 questions. In the first section, the demographical data were questioned. In the second section, there were questions to determine the knowledge, attitude and practices of the dentists on x-ray in pregnant women. The questionnaires that were completed were examined and analyzed statistically by using the results and the Chi-Square Test and the Chi-Square Test. Data analysis was performed by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 23.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, the USA).
Results: A total of 71.1% of the dental practitioners who participated in the study stated that they did not request radiography from pregnant women. A total of 62.2% of the dental dentists stated that they preferred the 2nd Trimester for requesting radiography. A total of 38.9% of the general dentists who participated in the study stated that the diagnostic radiographies used in dentistry caused anomalies in the fetus, 18.9% stated that they did not have any information.
Conclusion: Further training courses must be planned to increase and update the awareness of the dental dentists on the precautions and procedures for radiography practice in pregnant women; and brochures must be prepared for pregnant women to provide information about this subject. Also, dental dentists and obstetricians should work in agreement about dental procedures in pregnancy and diagnostic radiography in terms of its being safe when necessary.

How to cite this article: Temur KT, Temur İ, Hatipoğlu Ö. The knowledge, attitude and practices of Turkish general dentists on dental x-rays in pregnant women. Int Dent Res 2019;9(1):9-15.

Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.
Prospective validation of quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) for mortality among patients with infection admitted to an emergency department
Authors: Abdullah Osama Bin 
Published: May 2019

Background: Only few prospective studies have evaluated the new quick Sequential (Sepsis-Related) Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) score in emergency department (ED) settings. The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic value of qSOFA compared to systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) in predicting 28-day mortality of infected patients admitted to an ED.
Methods: A prospective observational cohort study of all adult (≥18 years) infected patients admitted to the ED of Slagelse Hospital during 01.10.2017 to 31.03.2018. All patients with suspected or documented infection on arrival to the ED, and treated with antibiotics, were included. Admission variables included in the SIRS- and qSOFA criteria were prospectively obtained from triage forms. Information regarding 28-day mortality was obtained from the Danish Civil Registration System. The diagnostic performance of qSOFA and SIRS score for predicting 28-day mortality was assessed by analyses of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Results: A total of 2,168 patients (47.42% male) were included. A total of 181 (8.35%) met at least two qSOFA criteria, and 1,046 (48.25%) met at least two SIRS criteria on admission. The overall 28-day mortality was 7.47% (95% CI 6.40-8.66%). Unadjusted odds ratio of qSOFA and SIRS for 28-day mortality was 2.93 (95% CI 1.92-4.47) vs 1.27 (95% CI 0.92-1.74), respectively. A qSOFA score of at least two for predicting 28-day mortality had a sensitivity of 19.10% (95% CI 13.40-26.00%), a specificity of 92.50% (95% CI 91.30-93.60%), a PPV and NPV of 17.10% (95% CI 11.90-23.40%) and 93.40% (95% CI 92.20-94.50%), respectively. A SIRS score of at least two for predicting 28-day mortality had a sensitivity of 53.70 (95% CI 45.70-61.60%), a specificity of 52.20% (95% CI 50.00-54.40%), a PPV and NPV of 8.32% (95% CI 6.72-10.20%) and 93.30% (95% CI 91.70-94.70%), respectively. The AUC for qSOFA and SIRS was 0.56 (95% CI 0.53-0.59) vs 0.53 (95% CI 0.49-0.57).
Conclusion: Use of qSOFA had improved specificity, but with poor sensitivity, in predicting in 28-day mortality. qSOFA and SIRS showed similar discrimination potential for mortality.
Atrial fibrillation and infection among acute patients in the Emergency Department: a multicentre cohort study of one-year stroke risk
Authors: Hansen Tobias 
Published: May 2019

Background: Patients with infection presenting with new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) are frequent in emergency departments (ED). Also, this combination could be associated to increased risk of stroke, and some patients might therefore benefit from thromboprophylaxis. Our aim was to describe the prognosis for concomitant infection and new-onset AF at ED arrival.
Methods: Cohort study of patients presenting in one of four Danish or Swedish EDs. Odense University Hospital and Hospital of South West Jutland, Denmark, from March 13thof 2013 - April 30thof 2014 or the ED at Skåne University Hospital and the ED at Helsingborg Hospital, Sweden, from January 1 2010 - December 31 2014. AF was identified by electronic ECG records and, manually validated with high agreement (kappa 0.86 (95% CI, 0.782 - 0.947), positive predictive value 95% (95% CI, 81.8 - 99.3)). Infection was identified using discharge diagnosis. Patients were followed from hospital admission until a diagnosis of ischemic stroke, death or 365 days after ED contact, whichever came first. Primary outcome was 1-year stroke risk for patients with infection and new-onset AF, and for patients with infection and preexisting AF, compared to patients with infection without AF. Outcomes were calculated as hazard ratios (HR).
Results: Some 111,448 patients (median age 64, 49.5 % male) were included and 13,949 (12.5%) had an infection. Of these 1,078 (7.7%) had new-onset AF and 884 (6.3%) had preexisting AF (474 (53.6%) was not in a current oral anticoagulation therapy (OAC)). One-year stroke risk, after adjusting for sex and age, was 1.1 (95%CI, 0.7 – 1.7) in patients with infection and new-onset AF. Patients with infection and preexisting AF not receiving OAC had an adjusted one-year stroke risk of 2.1 (95%CI, 1.4 – 3.2) and patients receiving OAC it was 1.6 (95%CI, 1.0 – 2.5), compared to patients with infection but no AF.
Conclusion: ED patients with infection and new-onset AF had a similar 1-year stroke risk as patients with infection and no AF. Patients with infection and preexisting AF show an increased 1-year stroke risk with or without OAC therapy.
Can follow-up by the Acute Team contribute to reduce the number of hospitalizations based on preventable diagnoses?
Authors: Bertram Pia Bang , Hjørringgaard Louise , Eskerod Caroline Boje 
Published: May 2019

Background: In 2017, 2829 hospitalizations were based on preventable diagnoses in the municipality of Aarhus, Denmark. Even though the Acute Team provides emergency examination visits and hereby contributes to early intervention and thus reduces the number of hospitalizations based on preventable diagnoses in the municipality of Aarhus, Denmark, we found that citizens were hospitalized even after this intervention. Our hypothesis was that a systematic follow-up of all emergency examination visits provided by the Acute Team could reduce the number of hospitalizations based on preventable diagnoses.
Methods: A systematic follow-up of all emergency examination visits provided by the Acute Team from January 2018 to March 2018 was initiated by telephone interviews or follow-up visits. Subsequently, a comparative study was made based on reviews of the citizens’ health care records. In this study records from January 2017 to March 2017, where no follow-up was initiated, were compared with records from the follow-up period. The citizens’ health care records were reviewed to find out whether the citizens were hospitalized within 7 days after the emergency examination visits or not, and if the hospitalization was based on a preventable diagnosis. In this process the definition of preventable diagnoses made by the National Board of Health, Denmark, was used [1].
Results: 294 emergency examination visits were made from January 2017 to March 2017. Of these, 30 led to hospitalizations based on preventable diagnoses, i.e. a hospitalization rate of 10.2%. 433 emergency examination visits were made in the period January 2018 to March 2018. Of these, 17 led to hospitalizations based on preventable diagnoses, i.e. a hospitalization rate of 3.9%. By comparing the data from 2017 and 2018 a reduction of 6.3% was found, which indicates that 27 hospitalizations were prevented.
Conclusions: Our findings indicate that Acute Team´s systematic follow-up of emergency examination visits can contribute to reduce the number of hospitalizations based on preventable diagnoses. Such follow-up may benefit early municipal intervention by detecting early symptoms of illness.