bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dysfunctional oscillatory bursting patterns underlie working memory deficits in adolescents with ADHD
Authors: Kavanaugh Brian C. , Vigne Megan M. , Gamble Isaiah , Legere Christopher , DePamphilis Gian , Acuff W. Luke , Tirrell Eric , Vaughan Noah , Thorpe Ryan , Spirito Anthony , Jones Stephanie R. , Carpenter Linda L. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIdentifying neural markers of clinical symptom fluctuations is prerequisite to developing more precise brain-targeted treatments in psychiatry. We have recently shown that working memory (WM) in healthy adults is dependent on the rise and fall interplay between alpha/beta and gamma bursts within frontoparietal regions, and that deviations in these patterns lead to WM performance errors. However, it is not known whether such bursting deviations underlie clinically relevant WM-related symptoms or clinical status in individuals with WM deficits. In adolescents (n=27) with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), we investigated WM-related dynamics between alpha/beta and gamma bursts in relation to clinical status fluctuations. Participants repeatedly completed a visual Sternberg spatial working memory task during EEG recording as part of their participation in two research studies (n=224 person-sessions). Source localizing EEG data to each participant’s structural MRI, the rate and volume of alpha, beta, and gamma bursts were examined within the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and posterior parietal cortex (PPC). Alpha/beta and gamma bursts at the DLPFC and PPC displayed complimentary roles in WM processes. Alpha/beta bursting decreased during stimuli encoding and increased during the delay, while gamma bursting was elevated during encoding and decreased during the delay. Deviations in bursting patterns were associated with WM errors and clinical symptoms. We conclude that dysfunctional alpha/beta and gamma burst dynamics within the frontoparietal region underlie both intra-individual WM performance and WM symptom fluctuations in adolescents with ADHD. Such burst dynamics reflect a novel target and biomarker for WM-related treatment development.
Kinetic and structure-based comparisons of silent and stimulatory flagellin interactions with TLR5
Authors: Bell Michael E. W. , Haag Miriam , Clasen Sara J. , Böcker Marieke , Maksymenko Kateryna , Koch Iris , Hipp Katharina , Hartmann Marcus D. , Weir John R. , Merino Felipe , Ley Ruth. E. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe bacterial protein flagellin is the sole ligand of the innate immune receptor Toll- like receptor 5 (TLR5). Flagellins with strong agonism bind TLR5 at their D1 and D0 domains, while poor agonist “silent” flagellins bind with D1 only. However, D0-TLR5 interactions insufficiently explain the silent phenotype. Here, we characterize the D1 domain binding kinetics of the silent flagellinRhFlaB compared to the strong canonical agonistStFliC. Using Surface Plasmon Resonance, we show that theRhFlaB-D1 binds more strongly thanStFliC-D1, but forms shorter-lived complexes. Cryo-EM analysis ofRhFlaB showed its D1 primary interface (PI) contains two distinct hydrophobic pockets, which should facilitate rapid association, while its D1’s secondary interface (SI) is dominated by negatively charged residues, which likely impede residue-residue interactions. Comparisons with an existingStFliC-D1 structure suggest that strong agonism requires strong binding at both the PI and SI of the D1, and silent flagellins evade detection partly through weaker SI interactions. These findings offer a foundation for designing targeted interventions that can modulate TLR5 activity to influence immunity, inflammation, or even gut microbiome composition.
Insights from binary pulsars and laboratories into baryon number violation: Implications for GeV dark matter
Authors: Allahverdi Rouzbeh , Thompson Adrian , Zakeri Mohammadreza 
Published: December 2024

Rare processes in laboratory and within astrophysical environments can be highly sensitive probes of baryon-number-violating interactions at the TeV scale. We demonstrate the power of neutron stars to constrain baryon-number violation by considering a minimal extension of the standard model involving a TeV-mass scalar mediator and a GeV scale Majorana fermion ψ. We find that a ΔB=2 mass-loss process in binary pulsar systems via n→γψ and the subsequent scattering ψn→π−K+ places stringent constraints on the model parameter space. These limits will become much stronger, due to the possibility of Λ→γψ decays at the tree level, if the neutron star equation of state is hyperonic. We compare these constraints with ongoing and future collider experiments, n−n¯ oscillations, and dinucleon decay searches at future large-scale neutrino experiments, finding that the binary pulsars bounds on couplings are significantly tighter for specific flavor combinations.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
SWOT analysis of e-library initiatives in Punjab, Pakistan: perspectives from library and information science professionals
Authors: Ehtasham Muhammad , Jabeen Munazza 
Published: December 2024

Purpose
This study aims to meticulously examine the current state and operational dynamics of e-libraries in Punjab, Pakistan. Using a qualitative research methodology and strength, weakness, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis as a principal analytical framework, the study seeks to capture a detailed portrait of these digital repositories. The goal is to uncover the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats associated with the e-libraries.

Design/methodology/approach
A qualitative research approach was chosen to gain deeper insights into the e-libraries in Punjab. The study involved conducting detailed interviews with 14 librarians from these e-libraries, an interview guide that was developed specifically for this study. The guide was refined by experts and validated in a pilot study.

Findings
The study reveals that e-libraries in Punjab, Pakistan, excel in providing access to diverse digital resources and enhancing digital literacy but face significant challenges related to infrastructure, hardware and digital skills. Opportunities exist in leveraging mobile technology and enhancing staff training to improve service delivery. However, financial constraints, inadequate skilled personnel and regulatory issues pose threats to their efficacy and sustainability.

Practical implications
This study offers key recommendations for improving Punjab’s e-libraries, such as upgrading infrastructure, enhancing staff training and bolstering cybersecurity. It stresses the need for sustained government funding and support. The findings can help librarians boost digital literacy, refine resources and increase community involvement, while guiding policymakers in shaping effective legal frameworks and practitioners in enhancing resource quality and access.

Social implications
This research highlights the transformative potential of e-libraries in fostering education and culture in Punjab. It emphasizes integrating technology with community and government support to maximize benefits, bridge digital divides and promote social equity. The study calls for ongoing collaboration among librarians, educators and policymakers to harness e-libraries as catalysts for social change and development.

Originality/value
The originality of this study stems from its innovative application of SWOT analysis to e-libraries in Punjab, a first in this context. This approach not only offers new insights into the operational strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of e-libraries but also significantly aids in strategic planning. The findings are pivotal in shaping decisions that foster the effective use of e-libraries, ultimately enhancing digital literacy and educational growth across the region.
Green finance and greenwashing: charting a sustainable path forward
Authors: Bo Shaocong , Battisti Enrico 
Published: December 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the potential relationship between green finance and greenwashing to rationalize resource allocation better. Additionally, it explores the interconnections among various subgroups of green finance products (GFPs) and identifies any overlooked or underrepresented subgroups.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper uses a mixed-method exploratory sequential design. Initially, the authors collected a sample of 313 relevant documents. Thematic analysis and hierarchical coding were then performed using NVivo software to uncover correlations between various nodes and address our research questions. Additionally, a word cloud analysis was conducted to assess the potential research value of stakeholders as moderating variables. Following this, the role of stakeholders was reevaluated, leading to the selection of 58 samples for separate content analysis.

Findings
First, there is a negative relationship between green finance and greenwashing. Second, a negative relationship is observed between GFPs and greenwashing. The authors’ correlation coefficient analysis suggests that environmental, social and governance funds, as a non-mainstream research focus within GFPs, deserve further in-depth investigation.

Originality/value
While a significant portion of the existing literature focuses on the relationship between green bonds and greenwashing, a noticeable gap exists regarding the broader spectrum of GFPs and their potential association with greenwashing. The lack of a direct connection between broader GFPs and greenwashing suggests that this area is underexplored in literature. This paper fills this gap by investigating the role of broader GFPs in either promoting or mitigating greenwashing.
Researching children’s lifeworlds through an innovative case study methodology
Authors: Waghorn Elise , Yelland Nicola 
Published: December 2024

PurposeBy integrating diverse data sources, we aim to provide a nuanced understanding of the children’s experiences, perspectives and social interactions.Design/methodology/approachThis article describes the development and application of a novel mixed-method approach to researching children’s lifeworlds. The study employs a combination of qualitative interviews, observational techniques and quantitative measures to comprehensively explore the multifaceted aspects of children’s lifeworlds.FindingsOur findings contribute to the growing body of knowledge in childhood studies and inform the design of more responsive and contextually relevant interventions for the well-being of children in various settings.Research limitations/implicationsNo research limitations or implications were evident in this research.Originality/valueThis article has demonstrated an innovative approach to investigate children’s lifeworlds through integrating qualitative interviews, observation methods and qualitative measures. Through this comprehensive approach, it provided the means to delve into the intricate dimensions of children’s lifeworlds.
Effect of process parameters of viscose air–jet yarns on physical and mechanical properties of weft knitted fabrics
Authors: Irannejad Fatemeh , Fathi Elahe , Ghalebi Bahareh , Shanbeh Mohsen 
Published: December 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of process parameters of viscose air-jet yarns produced by the Autoairo yarn spinning machine on the physical and mechanical properties of yarns and their influence on the properties of single jersey weft knitted fabrics.

Design/methodology/approach
The yarn count in this study was 19.68 tex and the gauge of single jersey weft knitting machine was 24. The process parameters were the spinning draft, delivery speed and nozzle air pressure. The yarn samples were evaluated based on yarn irregularity and imperfections, as well as hairiness and tensile properties. The pilling, bursting strength, drape coefficient, shrinkage, air permeability and dyeability of single jersey weft knitted samples were also evaluated. The Taguchi method was used to design of experiments. Moreover, the effect of independent variables on the physical properties of the yarn was tested statistically at a 95% level of confidence using analysis of variance method.

Findings
The properties of the yarns evaluated showed that spinning draft and delivery speed can be introduced as two effective parameters on different properties of yarns. Moreover, the pilling of weft-knitted fabrics was affected by yarn parameters i.e. spinning draft and delivery speed statistically at a 95% confidence level.

Originality/value
In this experimental study, the structural characteristics of air jet yarns produced by the Autoairo11(Saurer Group) machine and the physical and mechanical properties of weft-knitted fabrics were analyzed by the authors. The literature review did not reveal any experimental work that evaluates these process parameters of yarn spinning integrated and its effect on a wide range of properties of weft-knitted fabrics.
Sintering model for predicting distortion of additively manufactured complex parts
Authors: Torresani Elisa , Cabo Rios Alberto , Grippi Thomas , Maximenko Andrii L. , Zago Marco , Cristofolini Ilaria , Olevsky Eugene A. 
Published: December 2024

Purpose
This study aims to provide understanding of the influence of external factors, such as gravity, during sintering of three dimensional (3D)-printed parts in which the initial relative density and cohesion between the powder particles are lower compared with those present in the green parts produced by traditional powder technologies. A developed model is used to predict shrinkage and shape distortion of 3D-printed powder components at high sintering temperatures.

Design/methodology/approach
Three cylindrical shape connector geometries are designed, including horizontal and vertical tubes of different sizes. Several samples are manufactured by binder jetting to validate the model, and numerical results are compared with the measurements of the sintered shape.

Findings
Simulations are consistent with empirical data, proving that the continuum theory of sintering can effectively predict sintering deformation in additively manufactured products.

Originality/value
This work includes the assessment of the accuracy and limits of a multiphysics continuum mechanics–based sintering model in predicting gravity-induced distortions in complex-shaped additively manufactured components.
Mumbai Express: the taste of dilemma
Authors: Jorgensen David F. , Hall Catherine , Leonel Ronei , Nixon Marina , Schill Ryan 
Published: December 2024

Research methodology
This paper aims to draw its foundation from primary and secondary data sources. The primary data were derived through extensive interviews with the case protagonists and close observations of the settings and situations described in the case. These were further supplemented by secondary data, collated to enhance the depth and context of the case, aiding in a more comprehensive understanding for the reader. ChatGPT was used in rewriting some sections of the case and in developing the instructor manual, particularly with ideation and ideal student answers. The research team very carefully scrutinized and heavily edited all sections to ensure correctness.

Case overview/synopsis
This case chronicles the journey of two close friends, Sean and Connor, from their time as finance students at Brigham Young University (BYU) in Provo, Utah to budding entrepreneurs within the community. Anchored in their passion for Indian cuisine, they envisioned Mumbai Express as an innovative culinary enterprise seeking to offer authentic Indian food through an affordable quick-service model. They aimed to address common pain points often associated with restaurant dining, particularly in the local community. Internal factors such as developing their signature dish, Chicken-Tikka-Masala (CTM) and external factors such as COVID-19 created barriers for Mumbai Express along the way, including opening the restaurant and keeping it afloat. Reflecting on why the restaurant closed, students will be challenged to step into the shoes of aspiring entrepreneurs to understand the dynamics of Mumbai Express’ ultimate failure.

Complexity academic level
This case is well-suited for use in sophomore or junior undergraduate courses in entrepreneurship, especially those emphasizing concepts like the minimum viable product (MVP) and differing emotional equity within partnerships.
Telehealth and disparities in opioid use disorder treatment: Medicaid enrollees versus privately insured individuals
Authors: Allen Lindsay D. , Xu Melinda 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo determine how the rise of telehealth during the COVID‐19 pandemic impacted Medicaid enrollees' access to opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment.Data Sources and Study SettingElectronic health records from Northwestern Medicine, a large midwestern academic health system, from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2021.Study DesignThe exposure was the expansion of telehealth services during the COVID‐19 pandemic. A difference‐in‐differences design was used to determine the impact of telehealth on the probability of receiving any OUD care, any in‐person OUD care, and any telehealth OUD care in a month.Data Collection/Extraction MethodsThe study included Medicaid and privately insured patients older than 18 years of age, diagnosed with OUD, who had any encounter with the Northwestern Medicine system. All outpatient visits with OUD as the primary diagnosis were included in the analysis. There were 486 individuals in the sample and 17,496 person‐month observations.Principal FindingsAfter the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic, Medicaid enrollees are 4.5 percentage points (percentage change, 43.7%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 8.7 to 0.3 percentage points; p = 0.035) less likely to receive any OUD care in a month, relative to privately insured patients. While no statistically significant differences in the likehood of receiving in‐person OUD care were detected between the groups after exposure, we did observe that Medicaid enrollees are 3.6 percentage points (percentage change 64.2%; 95% CI 6.0 to 1.1 percentage points; p = 0.004) less likely to receive any telehealth OUD care in a month relative to privately insured patients.ConclusionsWhile those with private insurance were able to maintain OUD treatment during the pandemic by supplementing in‐person care with telehealth, Medicaid enrollees experienced a drop in overall OUD treatment rates due to lower telehealth use. The rise of telehealth for OUD treatment might contribute to widening care gaps for Medicaid enrollees.
Twenty‐eight days later: The recovery of DNA from human remains submerged in aggressive household chemicals
Authors: Snedeker Jennifer , Houston Rachel , Hughes Sheree 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAggressive chemicals intended for cleaning pools or unclogging drains contain high concentrations of dangerous compounds, leading to their nefarious use in dissolving human remains in some criminal cases. The use of these readily accessible household cleaners to destroy human remains and hide evidence of a crime presents a considerable challenge for human identification. However, research on the success of recovering DNA from such remains is limited. Therefore, we investigated the effects of submerging partial human remains (including whole heads, forearms, and hands) in five different household products: bleach, Rid‐X® septic treatment, lye drain opener, sulfuric acid drain opener, and muriatic acid (hydrochloric acid) pool cleaner. We evaluated the impact of each chemical, focusing on visual changes, DNA recovery, and the potential for successful human identification through traditional STR or mitochondrial DNA analyses. Exposure to all chemicals altered the appearance of the remains, but DNA recovery was still possible across various time periods, up to 28 days. Human remains exposed to bleach, Rid‐X®, and lye produced full STR profiles after 4 weeks. Sulfuric acid shortened this time to 3 weeks, while hydrochloric acid, the most damaging chemical, limited full STR profile recovery to just the first 3 days of exposure. This study demonstrates that although differences in the rate of damage occur depending on the amount of tissue introduced, volume of chemical used, and the specific chemical of choice, DNA‐based human identification of remains treated with everyday household cleaners is likely, particularly if bone fragments are recovered.
Prevalence of new psychoactive substances and drugs of abuse in the hair of individuals diagnosed with substance use disorder: Polydrug and emerging pattern of consumption
Authors: Giorgetti Arianna , Mohamed Susan , Pirani Filippo , Barone Rossella , Grech Marialuisa , Fais Paolo , Pascali Jennifer Paola , Pelletti Guido 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPeople diagnosed with substance use disorder (SUD) might represent a high‐risk subpopulation for New Psychoactive Drugs (NPS) consumption, and hair analysis offers a unique perspective to assess drug prevalence in this population. The present study aims to assess the prevalence of NPS and their co‐consumption with traditional drugs of abuse (DoA) in individuals diagnosed with SUD. Hair samples from patients under care at the addiction treatment service of Bologna, Italy, for a diagnosed SUD, were collected during 2023 and analyzed by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS), using a previously validated method. Among the 88 patients included, 95.5% tested positive for at least one substance, of which 88.1% for traditional DoA only, and 11.9% for NPS in addition to DoA. Among the positive samples, patients were found positive for more than two drugs in 67.9% of cases. The combination of DoA and NPS was more frequent in the younger age group (<21–30 years old, compared to 31–70, p = 0.025). Ketamine was detected in 8.0% of all samples, with mean hair levels 49.68 pg/mg (ranging 8.55–81.90 pg/mg) and was frequently accompanied by cocaine (85.7% of cases). Fentanyl was detected in 3.4% of all samples, while, among NPS, buphedrone was the only one detected. Our retrospective study highlights that the consumption of NPS is relatively low compared to other vulnerable or high‐risk populations. However, the prevalence of polydrug consumption and the high rate of ketamine–cocaine combination warrant careful monitoring even in this population.
Gender equity in authorship of emergency medicine publications in Australasia
Authors: Joyce Laura R , Hamill Laura M , Rogan Alice , Collins Amanda , Beck Sierra 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate gender authorship trends in the official journal of the Australasian College for Emergency Medicine (ACEM), Emergency Medicine Australasia (EMA).MethodsA bibliometric review of author gender in EMA during the 10‐year period 2013–2022. The gender of first/last authors were determined by www.genderize.io, or a manual internet search where gender was not determined with at least 90% certainty. Descriptive statistics were used with percentages of women as first and last author compared to current percentages of ACEM Fellows (FACEMs) who identify as women.ResultsThe final analysis included 1703 articles. Women accounted for 27.4% fewer authors than men (36.3% vs 63.7%). Women were outnumbered by men by 20.0% among first authors (40% vs 60%), and 36.2% (31.9% vs 68.1%) for last authors. When the last author was a woman, there was a similar rate of women (49.2%) and men (50.8%) as first authors. However, when the last author was a man, first authors were 37.1% women versus 62.9% men. If the last author was a woman, there was a 60% greater probability that the first author was also a woman (odds ratio 1.6, 95% CI 1.3–2.1). First authorship rate by women was equal to or exceeds the proportion of women FACEMs, however, last authorship by women still lags behind.ConclusionThe emergency medicine community in Australasia must continue to tackle existing gender disparities which exist in our specialty. A creative and active strategy on the part of publishers, editors, academics and authors is needed to redress this balance.