bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How effective are tidal marshes as nature‐based shoreline protection throughout seasons?
Authors: Schoutens Ken , Heuner Maike , Minden Vanessa , Schulte Ostermann Tilla , Silinski Alexandra , Belliard Jean‐Philippe , Temmerman Stijn 
Published: February 2019

AbstractNature‐based mitigation is increasingly proposed as a strategy to cope with global change and related risks for coastal flooding and erosion. Tidal marshes are known to provide shoreline protection as their aboveground biomass attenuates waves and their belowground biomass contributes to reducing erosion rates. The aim of this study was to quantify how effectively wave attenuation rates and erosion reduction rates are sustained throughout seasons in pioneer tidal marshes in the Elbe estuary (Germany). Changes in hydrodynamics and sediment dynamics were measured during 17 months along three sea‐to‐land transects of 50 m length. Simultaneously, changes in biomass of the monospecific pioneer vegetation (Bolboschoenus maritimus) were measured monthly. This study shows that wave and flow attenuation rates positively correlate with seasonal variations in aboveground biomass, that is: in summer, aboveground biomass and associated wave and flow attenuation rates are highest; while aboveground biomass is washed away during the first storms in autumn or winter, resulting in low wave and flow attenuation rates. Contrastingly, maximum incoming wave heights and flow velocities occur during winter, indicating that wave and flow attenuation is most needed then. However, hibernating root biomass assures low erosion rates in winter, especially at sandy sites. Although wave attenuation by pioneer marshes is highly variable throughout seasons and pioneer marshes alone are not so effective, they might facilitate the survival of higher marshes. Therefore, it is important to conserve or restore a gradual sea‐to‐land gradient from tidal flats, over pioneer marsh to high marsh to provide nature‐based shoreline protection.
Weighted mixed‐norm inequalities through extrapolation
Authors: Duoandikoetxea Javier , Oruetxebarria Osane 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe prove that operators satistying weighted inequalities with radial weights are bounded in mixed‐norm spaces of radial‐angular type, even with a weight in the radial part. This is achieved by using the usual extrapolation methods, adapted to the radial setting. All the versions of the extrapolation theorem can be adapted to this setting, and in particular we get results in variable Lebesgue spaces and also for multilinear operators. Furthermore, quantitative estimates are obtained with this approach, but their sharpness remains an open question.
A Novel Reprocessable and Recyclable Acrylonitrile–Butadiene Rubber Based on Dynamic Oxime‐Carbamate Bond
Authors: Wang Wenyan , Song Qingfei , Liu Qing , Zheng Hua , Li Chunmei , Yan Yi , Zhang Qiuyu 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe covalent cross‐linked rubber has outstanding mechanical properties and chemical resistance, making it possible for a wide range of applications. Towards efforts to resource waste and environmental pollution, rubber recycling is a concerning problem. However, it is a big challenge to endow the most widely used commercial rubber systems with recyclability. In this paper, a novel reprocessable and recyclable acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber (NBR) is developed by introducing oxime‐carbamate bonds into the raw NBR. Amidoxime NBR is prepared by a nucleophilic addition reaction of hydroxylamine hydrochloride and raw NBR, and then cross‐linked amidoxime NBR using different amounts of toluene diisocynate (TDI). Results show that the obtained material exhibits good reprocessable property; the repairing efficiency exceeds 90% after two remoldings. In addition, it also has better mechanical properties: A tensile strength reaching a maximum value of 4.85 MPa when TDI cross‐linker is 15.36 wt%, which is superior to vulcanized NBR (3.18 MPa).
Regional morphometric abnormalities and clinical relevance in Wilson's disease
Authors: Zou Lin , Song Yukun , Zhou Xiangxue , Chu Jianping , Tang Xiaoying 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundMorphology builds Wilson's disease's clincal basis.ObjectivesTo detect and quantify regional morphometric abnormalities, in terms of both volume and shape, in patients with Wilson's disease.MethodsTwenty‐seven Wilson's disease patients and 24 healthy controls were enrolled. Specific brain structures, including the bilateral caudate, putamen, globus pallidus, thalamus, amygdala, hippocampus, red nucleus, and substantia nigra (SN), were automatically extracted from each participant's T1‐weighted image. Volume abnormalities and correlations with the modified Young scale were investigated. Furthermore, vertex‐based shape analysis was performed to explore region‐specific morphometric abnormalities.ResultsSignificant global volume atrophy and local shape abnormalities were detected and quantified in the bilateral caudate, putamen, globus pallidus, thalamus, amygdala, red nucleus, and SN. Morphometric abnormalities of the caudate, putamen, and thalamus were strong, whereas those of the globus pallidus, amygdala, red nucleus, and SN were weaker. No hippocampal abnormalities were observed. The modified Young scale was found to correlate significantly with the volumes of the bilateral putamen and the right globus pallidus. Shape analysis revealed subregion‐specific atrophy of the bilateral caudate and putamen. They were concentrated in the subregions that project to the limbic and executive cortices. Significant region‐specific atrophy was also detected in the bilateral thalamic subregions that project to the primary motor, sensory, and premotor cortices.ConclusionsWe found significant morphometric abnormalities of specific structures of interest in patients with Wilson's disease, both globally and locally. These morphometric abnormalities may serve as useful imaging biomarkers for Wilson's disease. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Hesperidin Protects Against Intestinal Inflammation by Restoring Intestinal Barrier Function and Up‐Regulating Treg Cells
Authors: Guo Kun , Ren Jianan , Gu Guosheng , Wang Gefei , Gong Wenbin , Wu Xiuwen , Ren Huajian , Hong Zhiwu , Li Jieshou 
Published: February 2019

ScopeHesperidin is an important natural phenolic compound and is considered beneficial to health. The purpose of this study is to investigate the protective effects of hesperidin on DSS‐induced colitis in mice and Caco‐2 cells.MethodsThe DSS‐induced colitis mice are assigned to 10, 20, and 40 mg kg−g hesperidin diets after DSS treatment. For in vitro experiments, Caco‐2 cells are treated with TNF‐α/ IFN‐γ for 48 h without or with hesperidin.ResultsHesperidin supplementation ameliorates DSS‐induced colitis. Specifically, hesperidin ameliorates intestinal inflammation through decreasing MDA activity and enhancing SOD and GSH activities. Hesperidin also obviously upregulates Nrf2 antioxidant pathway and increases the protein expression of HO‐1 and NQO1. Additionally, hesperidin significantly reduces the levels of inflammatory factors and increases the levels of anti‐inflammatory factors in the colon tissues. Further analysis shows that hesperidin can improve the expression of tight junction proteins and intestinal permeability, as well as increases the Treg population. In Caco‐2 cells, it is shown that hesperidin prevents TNF‐α/IFN‐γ‐induced reduction in TEER and morphological disruption. Moreover, hesperidin also decreases the epithelial permeability and suppresses proinflammatory responses.ConclusionHesperidin can protect against intestinal inflammation via enhanced Nrf2 antioxidant pathway, increases the Treg population, and restores intestinal barrier function.
An efficient scheme for simultaneous 60 GHz MM wave generation and CSRZ‐DQPSK transmission in a passive optical network
Authors: Rimmya Chitravelu , Ganesh Madhan Muthu 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis article focuses on low complexity implementation of CSRZ‐DQPSK transmitter at optical network unit and remote generation of 60 GHz MM wave for wireless access. A 60 GHz signal is generated with a simple digital circuit comprising of XOR gate and a time delay unit. This approach eliminates the need of an amplifier or RF source at the ONU. For a data rate of 20 MZM scheme and low complexity 2 and 1 MZM configurations. Simulations are carried out to evaluate the performance of 60 GHz remote carrier generation and digital transmission under three different transmitter schemes.
A neurocomputational model for estimating the triple‐frequency of T‐shaped patch antennas
Authors: Yigit Enes , Kayabasi Ahmet , Toktas Abdurrahim , Sabanci Kadir 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis article deals with the analysis of T‐shaped patch antennas (TPAs) that operates between 1 and 7 GHz at triple‐band characteristics. A TPA is composed of three monopole structures so that it has triple‐resonant frequency. Neurocomputational (NC) models eliminate the complex procedures for the analysis of patch antennas with irregular shapes. In this study, a NC model based on artificial neural network (ANN) is constructed for analyzing the triple‐frequency of TPAs. One hundred TPAs with different electrical and geometric parameters are simulated with a full‐wave electromagnetic simulator, and a data matrix is obtained for the training and testing the NC model. The model is trained through the simulated data vector of 80 TPAs and is tested with the remainders 20 TPAs and a fabricated TPA. Therefore, the computed results by the NC model which estimates simply and fast the operating triple‐frequency of TPA agree well with the simulated and measured ones.
Challenges and opportunities in the care of survivors of adolescent and young adult cancers
Authors: Fidler Miranda M. , Frobisher Clare , Hawkins Michael M. , Nathan Paul C. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAdolescents and young adults (AYA) with cancer are an understudied group. Much of what is known about long‐term outcomes after AYA cancer has been derived from cohorts of childhood cancer survivors, which seldom include patients at the older end of the AYA age spectrum. In general, AYA cancer survivors have a lower risk for premature mortality, subsequent primary neoplasms and chronic health conditions than childhood cancer survivors. However, AYA cancer survivors are vulnerable to psychosocial challenges, concerns about fertility and relationships and financial toxicity. No single model is optimal for the care of these survivors, but it is generally agreed that all survivors require a survivor care plan that promotes their adherence to evidence‐based surveillance guidelines. There is a need to create survivor cohorts that include the full range of AYA ages and diagnoses to be able to address the many pressing questions that remain unanswered in this vulnerable population.
Structural characterisation and discrimination of the aerial parts of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis and Paris polyphylla var. chinensis by UHPLC‐QTOF‐MS coupled with multivariate data analysis
Authors: Liang Meng‐Yuan , Wang Yuan‐Zhong , Qiao Xin , Lu Ya‐Wen , Chen Mei‐Hong , Li Ping , Wen Xiao‐Dong , Yang Jie 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIntroductionAs sources of Rhizoma Paridis are facing shortages, utilising the aerial parts of Paris polyphylla has emerged as a promising additional source. However, the components in the aerial parts still need to be explored, and it is difficult to distinguish the aerial parts of P. polyphylla Smith var. yunnanensis (PPY) and P. polyphylla var. chinensis (PPC), two varieties of P. polyphylla.ObjectiveThis study aimed to establish a comprehensive platform to characterise steroid saponins from the aerial parts of PPY and PPC and to discriminate these two varieties.MethodologyA dereplication approach and ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐QTOF‐MS) analysis were used for the characterisation of steroidal saponins in the aerial parts of PPY and PPC. Multivariate statistical analysis was performed to differentiate these two varieties and screen discriminant variables. In addition, a genetic algorithm‐optimised for support vector machines (GA‐SVM) model was developed to predict P. polyphylla samples. The distribution of steroidal saponins in PPY and PPC was visualised by a heatmap.ResultsA total of 102 compounds were characterised from the aerial parts of PPY and PPC by dereplication. A clear separation of PPY and PPC was achieved, and 35 saponins were screened as marker compounds. The established GA‐SVM model showed excellent prediction performance with a prediction accuracy of 100%.ConclusionsMany steroid saponins that have been reported in Rhizoma Paridis also exist in the aerial parts of P. polyphylla. Samples from the aerial parts of PPY and PPC could be discriminated using our platform.
Perceptions of changes in clinical, informational, and supportive relationships after end of treatment among parents of young childhood cancer survivors
Authors: Wilford Justin G. , Hopfer Suellen , Wenzel Lari 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundParents of childhood cancer patients experience changes in relationships with their health‐care team as the child transitions from treatment to long‐term survivorship (LTS). These changes may affect parent receptivity of survivorship‐health–related programs, yet little is known about the experience of changing clinical relationships for parents as treatment ends and children transition into LTS.MethodsIn‐depth, semistructured interviews were conducted with 20 English‐speaking parents of childhood cancer survivors less than 13 years old who were greater than 1‐year posttreatment. Audiotaped, transcribed interview content was analyzed using emergent themes grouped and refined in a process of multistaged constant comparison.ResultsThere was a consensus among parents regarding the emotional stressors of the period immediately after the end of treatment. Regardless of positive or negative recollection of treatment, parents commonly viewed their health‐care team with affection and this period as one of stability and security. Transitioning off treatment was viewed as a severe disruption of the security of weekly, treatment‐related contact with nurses, nurse practitioners, physician's assistants, and physicians. LTS was generally viewed as presenting lower levels, but new types of stress as new, psychosocial late effects were seen to emerge. Clinical needs shifted to prevention and late‐effect management.ConclusionParents of young childhood cancer survivors experience a similar emotional trajectory from treatment to transitioning off treatment and into LTS. This period is seen by parents as uniquely distressing because it represents a disruption of the hard‐won safety represented by regular clinical relationships.
Conceptual framework for living with and beyond cancer: A systematic review and narrative synthesis
Authors: Le Boutillier Clair , Archer Stephanie , Barry Claire , King Alex , Mansfield Louise , Urch Catherine 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe concept of living with and beyond cancer is now emerging in policy and literature. Rather than viewing this notion simply as a linear timeline, developing an agreed understanding of the lived experience of people affected by cancer will aid the development of person‐centred models of care.MethodsA systematic review was conducted. The review question was “What does the term ‘living with and beyond cancer’ mean to people affected by cancer?” The protocol for the review was preregistered in the PROSPERO database (PROSPERO CRD42017059860). All included studies were qualitative, so narrative synthesis was used to integrate descriptions and definitions of living with and beyond cancer into an empirically based conceptual framework.ResultsOut of 2345 papers that were identified and 180 that were reviewed, a total of 73 papers were included. The synthesis yielded three interlinked themes: Adversity (realising cancer), Restoration (readjusting life with cancer), and Compatibility (reconciling cancer), resulting in the ARC framework.ConclusionsThree themes describe the experience of living with and beyond cancer: adversity, restoration, and compatibility. The ARC framework provides an empirically informed grounding for future research and practice in supportive cancer care for this population.
“I'm Always Kind of Double‐Checking”: Exploring the Information‐Seeking Identities of Expert Generalists
Authors: Kohnen Angela M. , Mertens Gillian E. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDespite a heightened focus on information literacy, students and adults alike struggle to assess online information. In this article, the authors argue that the K–12 information literacy curriculum needs to focus on supporting students to develop identities as expert information seekers to address complex and mutable modern literacy needs. The authors explore commonalities and themes within three different expert information‐seeking professions: academic librarians, journalists, and nonfiction children's book authors. From semistructured interviews emerged distinct themes of doing, knowing, and being that expert information seekers employed when encountering information. The authors believe that these identity practices could form the basis of an information‐seeking curriculum that can help address the challenges of the current online information environment.
Efficient and Scalable Production of Alkyl Levulinates from Cellulose‐Derived Levulinic Acid Using Heteropolyacid Catalysts
Authors: Onkarappa Sharath Bandibairanahalli , Javoor Manjunath , Mal Sib Sankar , Dutta Saikat 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis work reports a straightforward and scalable synthesis of a series of alkyl levulinates from cellulose‐derived levulinic acid and alkyl alcohols using commercially available heteropolyacid catalysts under homegenous conditions. The reaction was optimized on parameters such as temperature, molar ratio of reagents, type and loading of catalyst. The solvent‐free reactions afforded alkyl levulinates in high isolated yields (>85%) using only slight excess of alcohols and 10 wt% of catalyst at 120 °C in 6 h. Further, the catalysts were successfully recycled for three consecutive cycles without significant loss in activity.
Novel and Effective Strategy of Multifunctional Titanium Incorporated Mesoporous Material Supported Ionic Liquid Mediated Reusable Hantzsch Reaction
Authors: Tan Jin , Liu Xiang , Yao Nan , Hu Yu Lin , Li Xue Hui 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMesoporous material supported functionalized ionic liquids have been designed and synthesized, characterized and evaluated as novel heterogeneous catalysts for the Hantzsch reaction. The as‐fabricated catalysts show good performance in the Hantzsch synthesis of 1,4‐dihydropyridines under ambient conditions, especially the titanium incorporated mesoporous material supported ionic liquid Ti‐SBA‐15@IL‐BF4, based on a synergetic effect of titanium site of mesoporous material carrier and the acidic sites of ionic liquid. In addition, the heterogeneous catalyst offers simple operation for recovery and the recycling test showed that it could be reused for five times without significant loss of catalytic activity.
Sulfur‐Doped Carbon Chain Network as High‐Performance Electrocatalyst for Electro‐Fenton System
Authors: Kamaraj Ramakrishnan , Vasudevan Subramanyan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDeveloping highly active and stable hetero atom doped carbon nanomaterial for electro Fenton process is desirable but remains a great challenge. Herein, we report a novel sulfur‐doped carbon nanoparticles (SDC) with linked chain structure, which exhibit superior electrocatalytic activity and stability for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in acidic medium, which is utilized for Electro Fenton's reaction. Experimental analysis indicates that, the sulfur doped carbon nanomaterial exhibits enhanced electrocatalytic activity due to the interlinked nanoparticles, chain‐like structure and sulfur doping effect which could increase the hydrogen peroxide formation and in turn higher degradation efficiency of herbicides by electro‐Fenton process. To our best of knowledge, in which chlorophenoxy herbicides degrades over sulfur doped carbon GDE (Gas Diffusion Electrode) more effectively than over graphite, graphene, metal ion doped and CNT GDE.
Photocatalytic and Biological Attributes of Green Synthesized Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles by Rheum Turkestanicum (RT) Root Extract
Authors: Saheb Mahsa , Hosseini Hasan Ali , Hashemzadeh Alireza , Elahi Behrouz , Hasanzadeh Leila , Oskuee Reza Kazemi , Darroudi Majid 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study was to synthesize nickel oxide nanoparticle (NiO‐NPs) by Rheum turkestanicum (RT) root extract, which is a local medicinal plant. The synthesized NiO‐NPs have been characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX), fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) methods. We have evaluated the cytotoxicity of NiO‐NPs on the WEHI 164 murine fibrosarcoma cells by MTT assay. The photocatalytic properties of NiO‐NPs was investigated by observing the removal of Rhodamine‐B (RB) in aqueous media. It has been displayed by the obtained results that NiO‐NPs have been synthesized in a Hexagonal (Rhombohedral) lattice system with the size of about 12–15 nm. According to the results, almost 95% of RB has apparently degraded in the presence of NiO‐NPs under UV‐light after 30 h. It has been illustrated by the cytotoxicity effects against the WEHI 164 murine fibrosarcoma cells that 250 μg/ml of NiO‐NPs is capable of eliminating about 70% of these tumors’ cells. The IC50 of the NiO‐NPs has been calculated to be 25 μg/ml. The introduced green method can replace the available chemical procedures, which involve using hazardous substances that are a threat to the human health.
Oriented Assembly of Gold Nanoparticles with Freezing‐Driven Surface DNA Manipulation and Its Application in SERS‐Based MicroRNA Assay
Authors: He Meng‐Qi , Chen Shuai , Yao Kan , Wang Kun , Yu Yong‐Liang , Wang Jian‐Hua 
Published: February 2019

AbstractExceptional amplification of electronic, magnetic, and optical signals can be achieved by assembling inorganic nanoparticles with well‐defined structures in certain orientations. DNA‐programmed assembly of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) has been employed to construct highly ordered nanostructures for surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)‐based biosensing. However, the performance of SERS signal amplification is seriously compromised due to limitations in controlling the number and orientation of the conjugated DNA strand on AuNPs surface and the cross‐linked aggregations. Herein, a high‐throughput approach is developed based on freezing‐driven DNA binding, which is capable of precisely manipulating the DNA conjugation number on the surface of AuNPs. It avoids complex post‐treatments and no additional reagents, e.g., salts, acids, or surfactants, are necessary. Most importantly, the DNA–AuNP conjugates are analogous to atoms and serve as building blocks for precise construction of molecule‐like assemblies. The structures such as dimers, trimers, and core–satellite assemblies are obtained in a short period of time with excellent stability by simply varying the DNA conjugation density on the surface of AuNPs. As a result, robust SERS signals in controllable assemblies are successfully achieved, which facilitate highly sensitive detection of microRNAs with a detection limit of 0.12 × 10−12
m, thereby demonstrating their potential in bioassays.