bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transformation of Spent Li‐Ion Battery in to High Energy Supercapacitors in Asymmetric Configuration
Authors: Natarajan Subramanian , Ulaganathan Mani , Bajaj Hari C. , Aravindan Vanchiappan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractFor the first time, herein we report a new track to regenerate the Mn−Co carbonate (MCC) from the mixed composition of cathodes of spent LIBs and successfully evaluated as an electrode material for supercapacitor applications (ASC). The resultant MCC spheres are first tested in a half cell with Pt‐strip as the counter electrode using neutral and alkaline electrolytes. The fabricated ASC with regenerated MCC as the positive electrode and commercial activated carbon (AC) as the negative electrode in the presence of 6 M KOH reveals a specific capacitance of 119 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1, also could retain 65 F g−1 at a high current density of 4 A g−1 accompanied by outstanding cycling stability of 9000 cycles with 60 % retention at 1.5 A g−1. Furthermore, this low‐cost ASC MCC//AC offers a high energy density of 42.2 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 1.6 kW kg−1, in a stable potential window of 0–1.6 V. In addition, the flexible ASC in solid‐state assembly in series efficiently power a green light‐emitting‐diode, inspiring its promising practical application to build new ASC using spent LIBs materials as sources in “waste‐to‐wealth” approach for high energy asymmetric all‐solid‐state supercapacitors.
Quantum Chemical Modeling of Pressure‐Induced Spin Crossover in Octahedral Metal‐Ligand Complexes
Authors: Stauch Tim , Chakraborty Romit , Head‐Gordon Martin 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSpin state switching on external stimuli is a phenomenon with wide applicability, ranging from molecular electronics to gas activation in nanoporous frameworks. Here, we model the spin crossover as a function of the hydrostatic pressure in octahedrally coordinated transition metal centers by applying a field of effective nuclear forces that compress the molecule towards its centroid. For spin crossover in first‐row transition metals coordinated by hydrogen, nitrogen, and carbon monoxide, we find the pressure required for spin transition to be a function of the ligand position in the spectrochemical sequence. While pressures on the order of 1 GPa are required to flip spins in homogeneously ligated octahedral sites, we demonstrate a fivefold decrease in spin transition pressure for the archetypal strong field ligand carbon monoxide in octahedrally coordinated Fe2+ in [Fe(II)(NH3)5CO]2+.
Physical exercise during pregnancy minimizes PTZ‐induced behavioral manifestations in prenatally stressed offspring
Authors: Lopim Glauber Menezes , Gutierre Robson Campos , da Silva Eduardo Alves , Arida Ricardo Mario 
Published: September 2019

AbstractStress during gestation has been shown to affect susceptibility and intensity of seizures in offspring. Environmental stimuli, such as maternal physical exercise, have shown to be beneficial for brain development. Although studies have demonstrated the deleterious influence of stress during pregnancy on seizure manifestation in offspring, very little is known on how to minimize these effects. This study verified whether physical exercise during the pregnancy associated with prenatal stress minimizes seizure susceptibility in offspring at the beginning of postnatal development. Pregnant rats and male pups were divided into the following groups: control, stress, stress/forced exercise, and stress/voluntary exercise. Behavioral manifestations were analyzed after injection of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ; 45 and 60 mg/kg) at ages P15 and P25. Increased behavioral manifestations and seizure severity was observed in the stress group compared with the control group at both ages. At the dose of 45 mg/kg, offspring of stressed mothers who performed both physical exercise models showed an increase in latency for the first manifestation and decrease in the seizures severity at both ages compared with the mothers groups who were only stressed. Prenatal restraint stress potentiated PTZ‐induced seizure behavior, and both forced and voluntary exercise during gestation attenuates the negative effects of PTZ‐induced offspring.
Polyhydroxyalkanoates: Recent Advances in Their Synthesis and Applications
Authors: Winnacker Malte 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPolyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are microbial biopolymers (polyesters) that have a wide range of functions and applications. They serve in nature mainly as carbon and energy storage materials for a variety of microorganisms. In past decades, their utilization has attracted much attention, from commodities and degradable plastics to specialty performance materials in medicine. PHA biosynthesis has been well understood, and it is now possible to design bacterial strands to produce PHAs with desired properties. The substrates for the fermentative production of PHAs are very manifold: some are derived from food‐based carbon sources (e.g., fats and oils (triglycerids)), thus raising concerns with regard to the sustainability of their productions in terms of crop area and food. In addition, hemicellulose hydrolysates, crude glycerol, and methanol are very promising carbon sources for the sustainable production of PHAs. The integration of PHA production within a modern biorefinery is an important issue and can result in a simultaneous production of biofuels and bioplastics. Furthermore, many chemical‐synthetic procedures by means of efficient catalysts can give access to a variety of PHAs. This article summarizes recent developments in these fields and emphasizes the importance of a sustainable PHA‐based industry.Practical Applications: Practical applications of the microbial polyesters PHAs are, for example, a variety of sustainably produced commodities as well as special applications in (bio)medicine, for example, tissue engineering.
The Tumor Suppressor Interferon Regulatory Factor 2 Binding Protein 2 Regulates Hippo Pathway in Liver Cancer by a Feedback Loop in Mice
Authors: Feng Xue , Lu Tiantian , Li Jinhui , Yang Ruizeng , Hu Liqiao , Ye Yi , Mao Feifei , He Lingli , Xu Jinjin , Wang Zuoyun , Liu Yingbin , Zhang Yonglong , Ji Hongbin , Zhao Yun , Cheng Shuqun , Tian Wei , Zhang Lei 
Published: September 2019

Background and Aims
The conserved Hippo pathway regulates organ size, tissue homeostasis, and tumorigenesis. Interferon regulatory factor 2 binding protein 2 (IRF2BP2) was originally identified as a transcriptional corepressor. However, the association between IRF2BP2 and the Hippo pathway remains largely unknown. In addition, the biological function and regulation mechanism of IRF2BP2 in liver cancer are poorly understood.

Approach and Results
In this study, we uncovered the clinical significance of IRF2BP2 in suppressing hepatocellular carcinogenesis. We showed that IRF2BP2, a direct target repressed by the Yes‐associated protein (YAP)/TEA domain transcription factor 4 (TEAD4) transcriptional complex, inhibited YAP activity through a feedback loop. IRF2BP2 stabilized vestigial‐like family member 4 (VGLL4) and further enhanced VGLL4’s inhibitory function on YAP. Moreover, liver‐specific IRF2BP2 overexpression suppressed tumor formation induced by Hippo pathway inactivation.

Conclusions
These results revealed the important role of IRF2BP2 in repressing liver cancer progression and highlighted a feedback loop underlying the Hippo pathway in organ‐size control and tumorigenesis.
Pharmacokinetics of Neoadjuvant Axitinib Influenced the Efficacy in Patients With Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Yamamoto Yoshiaki , Otori Toru , Inoue Ryo , Yano Seiji , Hirata Hiroshi , Matsumoto Hiroaki , Matsuyama Kenji , Matsuyama Hideyasu 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAlthough axitinib shows a good objective response rate and acceptable tolerability for advanced renal cell carcinoma, substantial differences in drug concentrations among individuals have hampered the reliable administration of the drug in a neoadjuvant setting. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between axitinib pharmacokinetics and clinical efficacy in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma treated in a neoadjuvant setting. We retrospectively reviewed 16 patients who underwent neoadjuvant axitinib treatment from prospective phase 2 study cohorts treated with axitinib and assessed whether the drug concentration was associated with clinical efficacy for primary tumors of advanced metastatic/oligometastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Axitinib was administered orally at a starting dose of 5 mg twice daily for 2 months in principle before the operation, and the axitinib pharmacokinetics were examined. Best response, reduction rate, adverse events (AEs), and surgical complication were assessed. Four patients (25.0%) showed a partial response, and 12 (75.0%) had stable disease, with a mean reduction rate of 22.8%. No progressive disease was noted, and 9 of the 16 patinets (56.3%) showed downstaging. The trough level of axitinib significantly correlated with the objective response rate (P = .0052) and best tumor reduction (P = .0128). All AEs could be safely managed until termination of the dosing period. With respect to perioperative complications, grade 2 anemia was observed. Neoadjuvant axitinib treatment showed acceptable antitumor activity and safety profile for advanced renal cell carcinoma. The pharmacokinetics of neoadjuvant axitinib influenced the efficacy in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma.
Variations in prenatal screening in a US federal healthcare system: Same coverage, different options
Authors: Thagard Andrew S. , Foglia Lisa M. , Staat Barton C. , Lutgendorf Monica A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe Military Health System (MHS) is a federally funded organization that provides care to active duty service members and their beneficiaries. Our objective was to determine what methods of prenatal screening are used by military treatment facilities (MTFs), assess variations between institutions, and determine how practice patterns align with national recommendations. We surveyed all MTFs offering comprehensive prenatal care (n = 49). Departments were asked about aneuploidy screening options, availability of diagnostic testing, and carrier screening. In all, 43 MTFs (88%) completed the survey. Most (39/43) patients were stratified based on risk (predominantly maternal age at delivery and history). The most commonly offered test was combined 1st/2nd trimester screening (59%). Sixty percent routinely offered diagnostic testing, though less than half routinely offered microarrays. The majority offered universal carrier screening for cystic fibrosis (98%) and complete blood count with screening for thalassemias and hemoglobinopathies (88%). At the time of data collection, only five facilities (12%) had implemented spinal muscular atrophy carrier screening. Considerable heterogeneity exists in prenatal aneuploidy testing and carrier screening within the MHS. Standardized guidelines, protocols, and laboratory support would improve processes across the system. Additional resources including genetic counseling support and provider education are needed.
Ongoing evolution of hepatitis B virus during viremia in patients with febrile in Central Africa
Authors: Abe Haruka , Ushijima Yuri , Bikangui Rodrigue , Loembe Marguerite M. , Agnandji Selidji T. , de Vries Sophia G. , Grobusch Martin P. , Lell Bertrand , Yasuda Jiro 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains to be a major public health issue worldwide, although there is currently a safe vaccine and effective antiviral treatments. In surveillance of infectious diseases in Gabon, HBV viremia was detected in patients with febrile. Whole‐genome sequencing was conducted to characterize the HBV strains currently circulating in Gabon and to investigate HBV genome diversity during viremia. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the existence of former subgenotype A5, which exhibits a particular pattern of distribution from several West and Central African countries to Haiti. Furthermore, sequencing analysis identified two similar HBV strains mixed in one sample, and a very rare 1‐base pair insertion in the viral precore region. This insertion caused a frameshift mutation, indicating the production of an aberrant fusion protein of the HBV x and e antigens. Our data showed that the detected HBV strain was possibly in an “evolving” state during viremia, a phase of active replication.
Analgesic Effect of Duloxetine on an Animal Model of Monosodium Iodoacetate‐Induced Hip Osteoarthritis
Authors: Kawarai Yuya , Orita Sumihisa , Nakamura Junichi , Miyamoto Shuichi , Suzuki Miyako , Inage Kazuhide , Hagiwara Shigeo , Suzuki Takane , Nakajima Takayuki , Akazawa Tsutomu , Ohtori Seiji 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTWe investigated the efficacy of duloxetine on hyperalgesia, histopathological and radiographic findings, pain‐related sensory innervation of dorsal‐root ganglia (DRG), and spinal changes in a rat model of induced hip osteoarthritis (OA). The right hip joints of male Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 6 rats/group) in the Sham group were injected with 25 μl of sterile saline and 25 μl of sterile saline with 2 mg of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) were injected to the MIA + Vehicle and MIA + Duloxetine groups. We injected duloxetine 20 mg/kg intraperitoneally in the MIA + Duloxetine group 28 days after injection, whereas rats in the MIA + Vehicle group were injected with 0.5 ml of 20% dimethyl sulfoxide. We assessed hyperalgesia, histopathological changes, immunoreactive (‐ir) neurons for calcitonin gene‐related peptide and activating transcription factor 3 in DRG, and immunoreactive neurons for ionized‐calcium‐binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1) in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. MIA administration into the hip joint let to mechanical hyperalgesia of the ipsilateral hind paw (p < 0.05). A single injection of duloxetine significantly attenuated it in induced hip OA (p < 0.05) and suppressed the number of Iba1‐ir microglia of the ipsilateral dorsal horn (p < 0.05). These results suggest that a single injection of duloxetine suppressed mechanical hyperalgesia and may influence the expression of Iba1 in the microglia of the ipsilateral dorsal horn in the MIA‐induced hip OA. This finding implies the inhibitory effects of duloxetine against neuropathic pain, which may lead to a change of microglial activities. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 38:422‐430, 2020
Technical Note: Virtual phantom analyses for preprocessing evaluation and detection of a robust feature set for MRI‐radiomics of the brain
Authors: Bologna Marco , Corino Valentina , Mainardi Luca 
Published: September 2019

PurposeThe purpose of the paper was to use a virtual phantom to identify a set of radiomic features from T1‐weighted and T2‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain which is stable to variations in image acquisition parameters and to evaluate the effect of image preprocessing on radiomic features stability.MethodsStability to different sources of variability (time of repetition and echo, voxel size, random noise and intensity non‐uniformity) was evaluated for both T1‐weighted and T2‐weighted MRI images. A set of 107 radiomic features, accounting for shape and size, first order statistics, and textural features was used. Feature stability was quantified using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). For each source of variability, stability was evaluated before and after preprocessing (Z‐score normalization, resampling, gaussian filtering and bias field correction). Features that have ICC > 0.75 in all the analysis of variability are selected as stable features. Last, the robust feature sets were tested on images acquired with random simulation parameters to assess their generalizability to unseen conditions.ResultsPreprocessing significantly increased the robustness of radiomic features to the different sources of variability. When preprocessing is applied, a set of 67 and 61 features resulted as stable for T1‐weighted and T2‐wieghted images respectively, over 80% of which were confirmed by the analysis on the images acquired with random simulation parameters.ConclusionA set of MRI‐radiomic features, robust to changes in TR/TE/PS/ST, was identified. This set of features may be used in radiomic analyses based on T1‐weighted and T2‐weighted MRI images.
Nanoagents Based on Poly(ethylene glycol)‐b‐Poly(l‐thyroxine) Block Copolypeptide for Enhanced Dual‐Modality Imaging and Targeted Tumor Radiotherapy
Authors: Gu Xiaolei , Zhu Zhehong , Fan Qianyi , Wei Yaohua , Wang Guanglin , Meng Fenghua , Zhong Zhiyuan , Deng Chao 
Published: September 2019

AbstractFuture healthcare requires development of novel theranostic agents that are capable of not only enhancing diagnosis and monitoring therapeutic responses but also augmenting therapeutic outcomes. Here, a versatile and stable nanoagent is reported based on poly(ethylene glycol)‐b‐poly(l‐thyroxine) (PEG‐PThy) block copolypeptide for enhanced single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) dual‐modality imaging and targeted tumor radiotherapy in vivo. PEG‐PThy acquired by polymerization of l‐thyroxine‐N‐carboxyanhydride (Thy‐NCA) displays a controlled Mn, high iodine content of ≈49.2 wt%, and can spontaneously form 65 nm‐sized nanoparticles (PThyN). In contrast to clinically used contrast agents like iohexol and iodixanol, PThyN reveals iso‐osmolality, low viscosity, and long circulation time. While PThyN exhibits comparable in vitro CT attenuation efficacy to iohexol, it greatly enhances in vivo CT imaging of vascular systems and soft tissues. PThyN allows for surface decoration with the cRGD peptide achieving enhanced CT imaging of subcutaneous B16F10 melanoma and orthotopic A549 lung tumor. Taking advantages of a facile iodine exchange reaction, 125I‐labeled PThyN enables SPECT/CT imaging of tumors and monitoring of PThyN biodistribution in vivo. Besides, 131I‐labeled and cRGD‐functionalized PThyN displays remarkable growth inhibition of the B16F10 tumor in mice (tumor inhibition rate > 89%). These poly(l‐thyroxine) nanoparticles provide a unique and versatile theranostic platform for varying diseases.
Oxidation‐Responsive Nanoassemblies for Light‐Enhanced Gene Therapy
Authors: Zhang Na , Wang Yu , Wu Rui , Xu Chen , Nie Jing‐Jun , Zhao Nana , Yu Bingran , Liu Zunjin , Xu Fu‐Jian 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMicroenvironment‐responsive supramolecular assemblies have attracted great interest in the biomedical field due to their potential applications in controlled drug release. In this study, oxidation‐responsive supramolecular polycationic assemblies named CPAs are prepared for nucleic acid delivery via the host–guest interaction of β‐cyclodextrin based polycations and a ferrocene‐functionalized zinc tetraaminophthalocyanine core. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) can accelerate the disassembly of CPA/pDNA complexes, which would facilitate the release of pDNA in the complexes and further benefit the subsequent transfection. Such improvement in transfection efficiency is proved in A549 cells with high H2O2 concentration. Interestingly, the transfection efficiencies mediated by CPAs are also different in the presence or absence of light in various cell lines such as HEK 293 and 4T1. The single oxygen (1O2), produced by photosensitizers in the core of CPAs under light, increases the ROS amount and accelerates the disassembly of CPAs/pDNA complexes. In vitro and in vivo studies further illustrate that suppressor tumor gene p53 delivered by CPAs exhibits great antitumor effects under illumination. This work provides a promising strategy for the design and fabrication of oxidation‐responsive nanoassemblies with light‐enhanced gene transfection performance.
Near‐Infrared‐Driven Photocatalysts: Design, Construction, and Applications
Authors: Wang Li , Xu Xun , Cheng Qunfeng , Dou Shi Xue , Du Yi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPhotocatalysts, which utilize solar energy to catalyze the oxidation or reduction half reactions, have attracted tremendous interest due to their great potential in addressing increasingly severe global energy and environmental issues. Solar energy utilization plays an important role in determining photocatalytic efficiencies. In the past few decades, many studies have been done to promote photocatalytic efficiencies via extending the absorption of solar energy into near‐infrared (NIR) light. This Review comprehensively summarizes the recent progress in NIR‐driven photocatalysts, including the strategies to harvest NIR photons and corresponding photocatalytic applications such as the degradation of organic pollutants, water disinfection, water splitting for H2 and O2 evolution, CO2 reduction, etc. The application of NIR‐active photocatalysts employed as electrocatalysts is also presented. The subject matter of this Review is designed to present the relationship between material structure and material optical properties as well as the advantage of material modification in photocatalytic reactions. It paves the way for future material design in solar energy–related fields and other energy conversion and storage fields.
Kontrazeptionsbeginn in der Pubertät – wann, wie, womit?
Authors: Böttcher Bettina 
Published: September 2019

Zusammenfassung
Während der Pubertät stellen sich Mädchen in der Praxis oft mit Fragen bezüglich und dem Wunsch nach einer Verhütung vor. Diese Beratung ist eine besondere Herausforderung, da gerade in der Adoleszenz die zuverlässige Kontrazeption zur Vermeidung ungewollter Schwangerschaften sehr wichtig ist und die Jugendlichen durch Nebenwirkungen der Kontrazeptiva nicht verunsichert werden sollten. Dennoch ist es aus medizinischer Sicht obligat, Kontraindikationen wie beispielsweise ein erhöhtes Thromboserisiko oder Wechselwirkungen mit einer bestehenden Medikation abzuklären, um dann gemeinsam mit der Jugendlichen ein geeignetes Kontrazeptivum auszuwählen. Neben der am häufigsten verwendeten Verhütungsmethode in der Adoleszenz – kombinierte Hormonpräparate, auch ggf. im Langzyklus – sollten die Mädchen umfassend über Barrieremethoden, insbesondere über den zusätzlichen Gebrauch von Kondomen zum Schutz vor Geschlechtskrankheiten, über Notfallkontrazeption und über lang wirksame kontrazeptive Maßnahmen informiert werden.