bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Over-the-scope clip in peptic ulcer bleeding: clinical success in primary and secondary treatment and factors associated with treatment failure
Authors: Gölder Stefan , Neuhas Lukas , Freuer Denis , Probst Andreas , Ebigbo Alanna , Braun Georg , Brueckner Juliane , Stueckle Johannes , Meier Alexander , Messmann Helmut 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims It is unclear if the clinical success rate of the over-the-scope-clip (OTSC) in peptic ulcer bleeding (PUB) is comparable when it is used in the first- or in the second-line of treatment.
Patients and methods Data on endoscopic treatment (first- vs. second-line) in PUB with OTSC and clinical data were analyzed. The primary outcome was the clinical success of hemostasis, defined as the absence of recurrent bleeding or further intervention. Secondary outcomes were factors associated with OTSC failure.
Results From April 2014 to March 2018, 100 patients (age 72 [20 – 98] y, female 36 %) with PUB in the stomach or the duodenum were treated endoscopically with the OTSC. The OTSC was used as a first-line procedure (primary-OTSC) in 66 pts. Successful hemostasis could be achieved in 90.9 %. After failure of an initial endoscopic treatment, 34 patients were treated with the OTSC (secondary-OTSC) and the treatment was successful in 94.1 %. Recurrent bleeding occurred in n = 10 for primary-OTSC (16.7 %) and in n = 7 pts in the secondary-OTSC (21.9 %) (P = 0.81). Clinical success in the primary-OTSC was 75.8 % and 73.5 % in the secondary-OTSC respectively.
Conclusions The OTSC has a high rate of initial bleeding control in first- and second line treatment of PUB. OTSC failure occurs more often in the duodenum than in the stomach and results in longer intensive care unit stay, higher amount of transfusions, and a higher reimbursement per case.
Personalisierte Medizin im Urothelkarzinom der Harnblase
Authors: Grunewald Camilla Marisa , Niegisch Günter 
Published: June 2019

ZusammenfassungWährend sich die zur Verfügung stehenden Therapieoptionen und die Prognose von Patienten mit Urothelkarzinom der Harnblase insbesondere im metastasierten Stadium über Jahrzehnte hinweg bisher kaum verbessert haben, hat der zunehmende Einsatz von Hochdurchsatzanalysen und das Wissen um den Einfluss des Immunsystems auf Tumorentstehung und -progression unser Verständnis von Tumorbiologie in den letzten Jahren grundlegend verändert. Die Kenntnis von genetischen Mutationen und molekularen Subtypen bieten zunehmend die Möglichkeit maßgeschneiderter Therapieansätze für Patienten, die an einem Harnblasenkarzinom leiden. Veränderungen in DNA-Reparatur-Signalwegen stellen beispielsweise mögliche Prädiktoren für ein Chemotherapie-Ansprechen dar, zielgerichtete Therapien mittels FGFR- oder PARP-Inhibitoren befinden sich aktuell in klinischer Erprobung und könnten zukünftig die Therapie ergänzen. Inwieweit molekulare Subtypen Einzug in die klinisch-pathologische Routine halten werden, hängt von der prospektiven Evaluation ihres prognostischen und prädiktiven Stellenwerts ab. Insbesondere der Einzug von Immuncheckpoint-Inhibitoren ist die bedeutendste Erweiterung der zur Verfügung stehenden Therapieoptionen. Jedoch verdeutlicht sich angesichts des geringen Therapieansprechens von nur 25 % einmal mehr die dringende Notwendigkeit prädiktiver Biomarker. Vor allem die große inter- und intratumorale Heterogenität stellt eine große Herausforderung für die klinische Implementierung personalisierter Therapieansätze im Harnblasenkarzinom dar. Insgesamt wurden in den letzten Jahren wichtige Schritte in Richtung personalisierter Medizin beim Urothelkarzinom der Harnblase unternommen, deren prospektive Evaluation größtenteils jedoch noch aussteht.
An Old Dog with New Tricks: Enjoin Wolff–Kishner Reduction for Alcohol Deoxygenation and C–C Bond Formations
Authors: Li Chao-Jun , Huang Jianlin , Dai Xi-Jie , Wang Haining , Chen Ning , Wei Wei , Zeng Huiying , Tang Jianting , Li Chenchen , Zhu Dianhu , Lv Leiyang 
Published: June 2019

The Wolff–Kishner reduction, discovered in the early 1910s, is a fundamental and effective tool to convert carbonyls into methylenes via deoxygenation under strongly basic conditions. For over a century, numerous valuable chemical products have been synthesized by this classical method. The reaction proceeds via the reversible formation of hydrazone followed by deprotonation with the strong base to give an N-anionic intermediate, which affords the deoxygenation product upon denitrogenation and protonation. By examining the mechanistic pathway of this century old classical carbonyl deoxygenation, we envisioned and subsequently developed two unprecedented new types of chemical transformations: a) alcohol deoxygenation and b) C–C bond formations with various electrophiles including Grignard-type reaction, conjugate addition, olefination, and diverse cross-coupling reactions.1	Introduction2	Background3	Alcohol Deoxygenation3.1	Ir-Catalyzed Alcohol Deoxygenation3.2	Ru-Catalyzed Alcohol Deoxygenation3.3	Mn-Catalyzed Alcohol Deoxygenation4	Grignard-Type Reactions4.1	Ru-Catalyzed Addition of Hydrazones with Aldehydes and Ketones4.2	Ru-Catalyzed Addition of Hydrazone with Imines4.3	Ru-Catalyzed Addition of Hydrazone with CO2
4.4	Fe-Catalyzed Addition of Hydrazones5	Conjugate Addition Reactions5.1	Ru-Catalyzed Conjugate Addition Reactions5.2	Fe-Catalyzed Conjugate Addition Reactions6	Cross-Coupling Reactions6.1	Ni-Catalyzed Negishi-type Coupling6.2	Pd-Catalyzed Tsuji–Trost Alkylation Reaction7	Other Reactions7.1	Olefination7.2	Heck-Type Reaction7.3	Ullmann-Type Reaction8	Conclusion and Outlook
Treg-mediated prolonged survival of skin allografts without immunosuppression
Authors: Pilat Nina , Wiletel Mario , Weijler Anna M. , Steiner Romy , Mahr Benedikt , Warren Joanna , Corpuz Theresa M. , Wekerle Thomas , Webster Kylie E. , Sprent Jonathan 
Published: June 2019

Significance
The use of specific IL-2/anti–IL-2 complexes (IL-2 cplxs) has shown great potency in the prevention of allograft rejection in mice. While long-term tolerance could be achieved toward islet allografts, clinically relevant skin graft models have remained elusive so far. Using a new protocol, this study documents that IL-2 cplxs can greatly prolong the survival of skin allografts and prevent sensitization of the recipient. The data provide support for the importance of regulatory mechanisms and organ-specific approaches when targeting allograft rejection.
How the avidity of polymerase binding to the –35/–10 promoter sites affects gene expression
Authors: Einav Tal , Phillips Rob 
Published: June 2019

Significance
Cellular behavior is ultimately governed by the genetic program encoded in the cell’s DNA and through the arsenal of molecular machines that actively transcribe its genes, yet we lack the ability to predict how an arbitrary DNA sequence will perform. To that end, we analyze the performance of over 10,000 regulatory sequences and develop a model that can predict the behavior of any sequence based on its composition. By considering promoters that vary only by one or two elements, we can characterize how different components interact, providing fundamental insights into the mechanisms of transcription.
The 229-thorium isomer: doorway to the road from the atomic clock to the nuclear clock
Authors: Thirolf P G , Seiferle B , von der Wense L 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The elusive ‘thorium isomer’, i.e. the isomeric first excited state of 229Th, has puzzled the nuclear and fundamental physics communities for more than 40 years. With an exceptionally low excitation energy and a long lifetime it represents the only known candidate so far for an ultra-precise nuclear frequency standard (‘nuclear clock’), potentially able to outperform even today’s best timekeepers based on atomic shell transitions, and promising a variety of intriguing applications. This tutorial reviews the development of our current knowledge on this exotic nuclear state, from the first indirect evidence in the 1970s, to the recent breakthrough results that pave the way towards the realization of a nuclear clock and its applications in practical fields (satellite based navigational systems and chronometric geodesy) as well as fundamental physics beyond the standard model (the search for topological dark matter and temporal variations of fundamental constants).
Optical properties of two-dimensional square lattices with smooth and randomly rough surfaces that include dispersive left-handed materials
Authors: Puente-Díaz L E , Castillo-Gallardo V , Pérez-Aguilar H , Mendoza-Suárez A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The study of photonic crystals (PCs) is very importance for the development of new optical technologies. An interest in the investigation of PCs is the search of totally optical control of information in a circuit, with the idea of developing new technological applications that have great advantages over conventional electronic devices in the miniaturization of circuits. In the present work, we show a numerical study of the electromagnetic response of two-dimensional square lattices such as finite photonic structures formed by cylinders embedded in air and air holes in a finite plate composed of metamaterial. We applied a numerical technique known as Integral Equation Method (IEM) to calculate the optical response by calculating reflectance and transmittance as a function of the angle of incidence of finite systems proposed. The calculations were performed by varying the filling fractions and introducing a random roughness on the surfaces of the cylindrical inclusions that form our proposed systems, for the transverse magnetic field (TM) polarization. The results obtained show that the random roughness on the surfaces of the cylindrical inclusions affects their reflective and transmissive properties of two-dimensional square lattices. This is an important result to consider in manufacturing of finite two-dimensional square lattices, despite the existence of a well-developed technology for the manufacture of surfaces. These structures can be used, for example, for the development of filters, mirrors and lenses.
Excitation of surface plasmon polaritons in photonic crystal waveguides that involve dispersive metamaterial
Authors: Medina-Magallón J E , Pérez-Aguilar H , Zhevandrov-Bolshakova P , Mendoza-Suárez A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Plasmonics is an area of research that deals mainly with the study of the properties of surface plasmon (SPs) that are collective oscillations of the electron gas in a metal. That is, when the light waves couple with the electronic oscillations, they form a new quasi-particle called the surface plasmon polariton (SPP) that propagates through the surface of the nanometer-sized structure. In this work, we present a numerical study of a photonic crystal waveguide (PCW) composed by an array of cylindrical inclusions with smooth surfaces of dispersive metamaterial. The numerical technique we have used to perform the calculations is known as the “Integral Equation Method”. First, the numerical results are presented of a PCW of infinite length formed by an array of inclusions of dispersive metamaterial (LHM), showing that there is the presence of an SP mode at the frequency ωr
= 0.7519. Subsequently, some numerical results of the optical response are presented when the PCW is of finite length, showing the presence of the same surface mode around of ωr
= 0.7510. This excitation of the surface plasmon polariton in the proposed waveguide can be another alternative for the development of innumerable applications in several fields of science and technology ranging from biomedicine to telecommunications.
Hydrogen adsorption in Metal-Organic Frameworks Cu-BTC and Fe-BTC:A comparative theoretical study.
Authors: Castañeda A , Jurado M , Matz O. , Calatayud M , Rojas E , Maubert A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In order to obtain a hydrogen storage system that is cost-effective, safe and energy-viable, in this work we studied the adsorption process of different sites and configurations of the hydrogen molecule in both MOF HKUST-1 and FeBTC structure. For the computational study was used the Ab initio simulation package from Vienna (VASP) with the GGA PBE functional in an SBU of 672 atoms. The exposed metal sites were found to be the best interaction site for the hydrogen molecule. In this work showed adsorption energy of -0.114 eV and -0.93 eV for HKUST-1 and FeBTC, respectively. This work also evidences the modifications of the atomic positions when the hydrogen molecule interacts with the MOF and the network energy.
Viscoelastic moduli of ferrofluid
Authors: Peredo-Ortíz R , Hernández-Contreras M 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
A statistical mechanics model is proposed for the storage and dissipative modulus of diffusion microrheology valid at the regime of linear flow without external magnetic or electric perturbations. A comparison of these moduli with similar viscoelastic properties obtained from Langevin dynamics simulations yields qualitative agreement at low-frequency responses.
Automatic Tablet Machine
Authors: Aragón-Gonzáles G , Barragán-Santiago I , Cano-Blanco M , León-Galicia A , Morales-Gómez J R 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
A Mexican manufacturing plant, whose main product is deodorant tablets for domestic and commercial use, requested the design, construction, and start up of an automatic machine to make 3 600 deodorant tablets per hour of Paradichlorobenzene (PDB). The tablets should have a density no less than 1 400 [kg/m3] with a weight variation of 5% maximum. To design the machine, it was necessary, as a first step, to make an experimental study to determine the power needed to reach the required density and to determine the process characterization to obtain the general characteristics of the machine. Movements and compaction forces were performed by means of electro-pneumatic and electro-hydraulic technologies. The specification of the logic controller of the machine was realized by means of Grafcet to allow efficiency and accuracy. The result of the work generated a versatile, efficient machine with a robust control system.
Heat Transfer Intern Coefficient Determination in the Process of Solar Still
Authors: Chávez S , Terres H , Lizardi A , López R , Lara A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this work, a study of internal heat transfer coefficients is performed in a solar still of a slope is presented, when it operated with brine. The estimate is based on the experimental observation of the solar still for 4 different initial volumes (2, 4, 6 y 8 L), under the climatic conditions of the city of Mexico. The internal coefficients to evaluate are: convection, evaporation and radiation through the use of the thermal model proposed by Kumar and Tiwari. As a result it was found that the internal coefficient more representative in the process of solar distillation is the evaporation (h

E,w-g
), reaching a maximum of 30 W/m2 K, the coefficients of convection (h

c,w-g
), and radiation (h

R,w-g
),attained values of 2.5 W/m2 K and 4 W/m2 K respectively. It was also noted that as the initial volume of brine increases, the internal heat transfer coefficients decrease.
The outflow of granular material from orifices of thin vertical sidewalls
Authors: Serrano D A , Hernández-Juárez J , López-Villa A , Medina A , Vargas C A , Pliego M 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this work we report experiments carried out to describe the features of the mass flow rate of dry cohesionless granular material that flows, only due to gravity, out from circular orifices at the sidewall of silos with thin wall thickness, w. This study shows that the classical Hagen’s correlation for the mass flow rate is essentially correct for this case. Finally, we show graphically, in a three-dimensional plot, the evolution of the flow rate for continuous variations of the parameters D and w
Angular dependence of the optical reflectance in two-dimensional Si-ZnO photonic crystals
Authors: Murillo J G , Carrillo-Vázquez V. M. , Gallardo Víctor Castillo , Téllez Villaseñor Miguel Ángel , Aguilar Héctor Pérez , Medina-Vázquez José Antonio , González Ramírez Evelyn Yamel , Herrera G. , Duarte-Moller A. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this work, we present an experimental study of the angular dependence of the optical reflectance in two 2-dimensional photonic structures, built on a silicon substrate coated with a ZnO thin film. Photonic structures studied describe a regular square lattice with a lattice constant a = 1.05 μm and circular air holes with a radius r = 0.63a. Additionally, one of these photonic structures contains a pattern of nine quasi-circular micro-cavities embedded in a regular square lattice photonic crystal, describing a secondary square lattice. A comparison of the optical reflectance of the two photonic structures as a function of the incidence angle for transverse magnetic polarization mode in the visible (Vis) and near-infrared (NIR) ranges of the electromagnetic spectrum was accomplished. Results obtained revealed a strong angular dependence of the reflective optical properties of the two 2-dimensional photonic structures on the illumination incidence angle. The photonic structure with the array of resonant optical cavities presented a very unusual behavior regarding the reflectance of the substrate, this because its reflectance described specific modulations dependent on the incidence angle of illumination.
Fractional convolution and nonlinear operations applied to the image encryption
Authors: Vilardy Juan M. , Torres Cesar O. , Jimenez Carlos 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We use the fractional convolution, nonlinear operations and random phase masks (RPMs) in order to encrypt images. The definition used in this paper of the fractional convolution is based on the fractional Fourier transform (FrFT). The amplitude and phase truncation are nonlinear operations that allow to select a specific information of a complex-valued image. The encryption and decryption systems are based on the double random phase encoding (DRPE). At the beginning of the encryption process, the image to encrypt is encoded in phase. The rest of the encryption and decryption process use two RPMs, the fractional convolution and the amplitude and phase truncation operations in a sequential way in order to get the encrypted and decrypted image. The amplitude and phase truncation and the phase encoding are nonlinear operations that improving the security of the encrypted image, because the obtained key space of the proposed encryption process is very larger. The fractional order of the FrFT introduces a new key for the security system and the encrypted image of the proposed encryption system is a real-valued image. The encryption-decryption system has five security keys. All these five keys with their correct values are necessary in the decryption process with the purpose of obtaining the original image that was encrypted in the encryption process.
Electrical recognition of solvent liquids and particles in suspension with needle-plane electrodes
Authors: Mata-Hernández G , Guadarrama-Santana A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We report a measurement methodology to identify solvent liquids and the presence of suspended nanoparticles with needle-plane capacitive electrodes. Preliminary results were obtained with a low noise measurement system detecting differential electric signals of two needle-plane devices, sensing and compensating respectively. A solvent drop of 3 μl volume is placed between electrodes of the sensing device where electric field perturbations are due to the liquid evaporation process and registered as temporal electric signals. Low noise differential measurement system reduces parasitic capacitances present in the sensing device to a minimun value in order to obtain just the temporal capacitance of the liquid evaporation process, presenting a base noise around 0.15 [fF / √Hz]. The results show that different liquid samples can be recognized electrically with just 3 μl volume drop, analysing its temporal signal shape, amplitude and evaporation time.
Measurement of hydrostatic pressure using a hollow bottle microresonator
Authors: Avila D. A. , Horta S. D. , Torres C. O. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we report the experimental results of the design and manufacture of a device in the form of a hollow bottle manufactured from a polymer for the measurement of hydrostatic pressure of microfluids in microcavities. The fabricated device bases its operation on the optical resonances of a capillary optical microresonator that couples the light coming from the evanescent field of an optical fiber taper with a central diameter in the range of 3-5 μm, exciting the resonant optical modes WGMs inside the cavity. The microcavity was manufactured using a heating-pressurization technique by a system built to measure which allowed reaching a minimum wall thickness in the central region of the order of 19.78 μm with a sensitivity of the order of 0.5567 nm/bar.
Database for the interpretation of phonocardiograms
Authors: Granados S J , Tavera R F , Hernández L RT , Cid R A , Velázquez A JM , López GG , González R AM 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Using LabVIEW software, we built a set of images corresponding to cardiac sounds associated to diagnosed cardiac diseases. This constitutes an image database which facilitates phonocardiograms interpretation, also we made the correlation with diseases and the possible causes.
Climate change and air pollution: the connection between traffic intervention policies and public acceptance in a local context
Authors: Weiand Laura , Schmitz Seán , Becker Sophia , Niehoff Norman , Schwartzbach Frank , von Schneidemesser Erika 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Urban mobility is the main source of air pollution in Europe and accounts for 25% of greenhouse gas emissions. In order to address this, a range of interventions and policies are being implemented across major European cities and studies in sustainable urban transport have proliferated. One such mitigation strategy involves redesigning urban form through ‘hard’ traffic policies, with a view of decreasing emission levels and therefore mitigating the effects of air pollution and climate change. However, efforts to assess public response to such interventions and the effectiveness of policy instruments in promoting sustainable travel in cities remain sparse. The city of Potsdam, Germany implemented a trial traffic measure aimed at reducing motorized traffic and promoting the use of bicycles and public transport systems. This study analysed data from 3553 survey participants who responded to a survey conducted prior to the implementation of the traffic measure. We aimed to identify mobility behaviours and underlying attitudes within the context of a ‘hard’ policy instrument, in order to obtain insight into the opportunities to more effectively define policy priorities that improve air quality and upscale climate mitigation. An exploratory cluster analysis identified four groups, characterised by mobility habits, their attitudes towards the measure, and general level of environmental concern. By identifying and understanding the differing attitudes and perceptions across population groups we are able to highlight group-specific barriers and opportunities, as well as potential transition pathways to encourage more sustainable transportation use. This study exemplifies how context can help to further shape mobility group typologies, identify policy-related priorities useful for decision-makers and assess the feasibility of policy instruments to facilitate a transformation towards more sustainable cities.