bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A matching game for tasks offloading in integrated edge‐fog computing systems
Authors: Chiti Francesco , Fantacci Romano , Picano Benedetta 
Published: August 2019

AbstractEdge and fog computing paradigms have recently emerged as promising approaches to overcome latency and network congestion drawbacks of the cloud network architecture alternative. In this direction, the paper deals with an integrated edge‐fog computing system to provide computational offloading capabilities to end‐devices by assuming that each task can be alternatively run locally at the end‐device site, offloaded to a nearby device through a direct communication link (ie, device‐to‐device) or to a more far and computational powerful node, ie, a fog node. In particular, the goal of this paper is to identify a suitable tasks allocation strategy in order to minimize both the system energy consumption and the worst overall task completion time. The related optimization problem is formulated here as a matching game with externalities with incomplete preferences lists between tasks and computation sites due to the fact that each end‐device can reach only a subset of the fog nodes of the integrated computing system. Furthermore, this paper pursuits the stability analysis of the outcome matching, and provides a post matching procedure to reach a stable final matching configuration. Finally, the good behavior of the proposed approach is validated by providing performance comparisons with different alternatives, namely a typical cloud approach architecture, potential game and other matching theory based approaches recently proposed in literature.
Dynamic brain network configurations during rest and an attention task with frequent occurrence of mind wandering
Authors: Denkova Ekaterina , Nomi Jason S. , Uddin Lucina Q. , Jha Amishi P. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMind wandering (MW) has become a prominent topic of neuroscientific investigation due to the importance of understanding attentional processes in our day‐to‐day experiences. Emerging evidence suggests a critical role for three large‐scale brain networks in MW: the default network (DN), the central executive network (CEN), and the salience network (SN). Advances in analytical methods for neuroimaging data (i.e., dynamic functional connectivity, DFC) demonstrate that the interactions between these networks are not static but dynamically fluctuate over time (Chang & Glover, 2010, NeuroImage, 50(1), 81–98). While the bulk of the evidence comes from studies involving resting‐state functional MRI, a few studies have investigated DFC during a task. Direct comparison of DFC during rest and task with frequent MW is scarce. The present study applies the DFC method to neuroimaging data collected from 30 participants who completed a resting‐state run followed by two runs of sustained attention to response task (SART) with embedded probes indicating a high prevalence of MW. The analysis identified five DFC states. Differences between rest and task were noted in the frequency of three DFC states. One DFC state characterized by negative DN–CEN/SN connectivity along with positive CEN–SN connectivity was more frequently observed during task vs. rest. Two DFC states, one of which was characterized by weaker connectivity between networks, were more frequently observed during rest than task. These findings suggest that the dynamic relationships between brain networks may vary as a function of whether ongoing cognitive activity unfolds in an “unconstrained” manner during rest or is “constrained” by task demands.
Close yet independent: Dissociation of social from valence and abstract semantic dimensions in the left anterior temporal lobe
Authors: Wang Xiaosha , Wang Bijun , Bi Yanchao 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe anterior temporal lobe (ATL) is engaged in various types of semantic dimensions. One consistently reported dimension is social information, with abstract words describing social behaviors inducing stronger activations in the ATL than nonsocial words. One potential factor that has been systematically confounded in this finding is emotional valence, given that abstract social words tend to be associated with emotional feelings. We investigated which factors drove the ATL sensitivity using a 2 (social/nonsocial) × 2 (valenced/neutral) factorial design in an fMRI study with relatively high spatial resolutions. We found that sociality and valence were processed in different ATL regions without significant interactions: The social effect was found in the left anterior superior temporal sulcus (aSTS), whereas the valence effect activated small clusters in the bilateral temporal poles (TP). In the left ATL, the social‐ and valence‐related clusters were distinct from another superior ATL area that exhibited a general “abstractness” effect with little modulation of sociality or valence. These subregions exhibited distinct whole‐brain functional connectivity patterns during the resting state, with the social cluster functionally connected to the default mode network, the valence cluster connected to the adjacent temporal regions and amygdala, and the abstractness cluster connected to a distributed network including a set of language‐related regions. These results of activation profiles and connectivity patterns together indicate that the way in which the left ATL supports semantic processing is highly fine‐grained, with the neural substrate for social semantic effects dissociated from those for emotional valence and abstractness.
Reduced resting‐state functional connectivity and sleep impairment in abstinent male alcohol‐dependent patients
Authors: Liu Jingjing , Cai Wanye , Zhao Meng , Cai Wenlong , Sui Feng , Hou Wenbao , Wang Hongde , Yu Dahua , Yuan Kai 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAlcohol dependence is associated with poor sleep quality, which has both been implicated with thalamocortical circuits function. To identify the possible roles of these circuits in the alcohol‐sleep association, we investigated the volume of both left and right thalamus and corresponding resting‐state functional connectivity (RSFC) differences between 15 alcohol‐dependent patients (AD) and 15 healthy controls (HC) male participants. The neuroimaging findings were then correlated with clinical variables, that is, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Additionally, mediation analysis was carried out to test whether the thalamocortical RSFC mediates the relationship between drinking behavior and sleep impairments in AD when applicable. We observed a significant positive correlation between AUDIT score and PSQI score in AD. Compared with HC, AD showed reduced RSFC between the left thalamus and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and right caudate. We also observed a negative correlation between RSFC of the left thalamus–mPFC and PSQI score in AD. More importantly, the left thalamus–mPFC RSFC strength mediated the relationship between AUDIT score and PSQI score in AD. No significant difference was detected in the normalized volume of both left and right thalamus, and volumes were not significantly correlated with clinical variables. Our results demonstrate that AD show abnormal interactions within thalamocortical circuits in association with drinking behaviors and sleep impairments. It is hoped that our study focusing on thalamocortical circuits could provide new information on potential novel therapeutic targets for treatment of sleep impairment in alcohol‐dependent patients.
Dual Programmed Death Receptor‐1 and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor‐2 Blockade Promotes Vascular Normalization and Enhances Antitumor Immune Responses in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Shigeta Kohei , Datta Meenal , Hato Tai , Kitahara Shuji , Chen Ivy X. , Matsui Aya , Kikuchi Hiroto , Mamessier Emilie , Aoki Shuichi , Ramjiawan Rakesh R. , Ochiai Hiroki , Bardeesy Nabeel , Huang Peigen , Cobbold Mark , Zhu Andrew X. , Jain Rakesh K. , Duda Dan G. 
Published: August 2019

Background and Aims
Activation of the antitumor immune response using programmed death receptor‐1 (PD‐1) blockade showed benefit only in a fraction of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Combining PD‐1 blockade with antiangiogenesis has shown promise in substantially increasing the fraction of patients with HCC who respond to treatment, but the mechanism of this interaction is unknown.

Approach and Results
We recapitulated these clinical outcomes using orthotopic—grafted or induced—murine models of HCC. Specific blockade of vascular endothelial receptor 2 (VEGFR‐2) using a murine antibody significantly delayed primary tumor growth but failed to prolong survival, while anti‐PD‐1 antibody treatment alone conferred a minor survival advantage in one model. However, dual anti‐PD‐1/VEGFR‐2 therapy significantly inhibited primary tumor growth and doubled survival in both models. Combination therapy reprogrammed the immune microenvironment by increasing cluster of differentiation 8–positive (CD8+) cytotoxic T cell infiltration and activation, shifting the M1/M2 ratio of tumor‐associated macrophages and reducing T regulatory cell (Treg) and chemokine (C‐C motif) receptor 2–positive monocyte infiltration in HCC tissue. In these models, VEGFR‐2 was selectively expressed in tumor endothelial cells. Using spheroid cultures of HCC tissue, we found that PD‐ligand 1 expression in HCC cells was induced in a paracrine manner upon anti‐VEGFR‐2 blockade in endothelial cells in part through interferon‐gamma expression. Moreover, we found that VEGFR‐2 blockade increased PD‐1 expression in tumor‐infiltrating CD4+ cells. We also found that under anti‐PD‐1 therapy, CD4+ cells promote normalized vessel formation in the face of antiangiogenic therapy with anti‐VEGFR‐2 antibody.

Conclusions
We show that dual anti‐PD‐1/VEGFR‐2 therapy has a durable vessel fortification effect in HCC and can overcome treatment resistance to either treatment alone and increase overall survival in both anti‐PD‐1 therapy–resistant and anti‐PD‐1 therapy–responsive HCC models.
Mother–child verbal communication and preschoolers' inhibitory control
Authors: Yu Dian , Hsu Hui‐Chin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDespite growing research on parental influences on preschoolers' inhibitory control (IC), relatively little is known about the role of parental speech. This study explored the association between the pragmatic function (e.g., message or meaning) of maternal verbal communication and IC among preschoolers. Eighty‐three 4‐year‐olds (45 boys) and their mothers participated in this study. Observed during a game, conversations between children and their mothers were transcribed verbatim and classified as collaborative (e.g., support and guide) and noncollaborative (e.g., direct and negate) communication acts. Children's IC was assessed using lab tasks. Results showed that greater maternal noncollaborative communication acts were associated with poorer IC. Furthermore, the negative relationship between maternal noncollaborative communication acts and IC was significant for children who engaged in low and moderate, but not high, levels of noncollaborative communication acts. Finally, the relationship between maternal communication acts and IC did not vary according to child sex or collaborative communication acts when covariates were considered.Highlights

Centering on the pragmatic function (i.e., message) of verbal communication between mothers and their 4‐year‐olds, we examined its relationship to children's inhibitory control (IC).
Conversations between children and their mothers were transcribed and classified as collaborative (e.g., support and guide) and non‐collaborative (e.g., direct and negate) communication acts, and child IC was assessed using lab tasks. Higher levels of maternal non‐collaborative acts were significantly related to poorer IC. This negative association was further moderated by child non‐collaborative acts, which was significant only when children engaged in low or moderate, but not high, levels of non‐collaborative acts.
Negative pragmatic messages conveyed in maternal speech are likely to be detrimental to early IC development. The way mothers and their 4‐year‐olds co‐construct their conversation also matters.
Upregulation of microRNA‐133a and downregulation of connective tissue growth factor suppress cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in human glioma through the JAK/STAT signaling pathway
Authors: Zhang Peng , Chen Fang‐Zhou , Jia Qing‐Bin , Hu Dian‐Feng 
Published: August 2019

AbstractRecently, microRNA‐133a (miR‐133a) has been found to function in many diseases in previous studies, yet few studies have been focused on its role in glioma. This study aims to investigate the mechanism of miR‐133a/CTGF on regulating the malignant phenotypes of glioma cells via the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. Sixty‐five human glioma specimens were collected and 30 normal brain tissues were selected as controls. The expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and miR‐133a in tissues was detected, and the relationship between their expression and the clinicopathological features as well as prognosis of glioma was analyzed. MiR‐133a and CTGF expression in U87, A172, and HEB cell lines was determined. The expression of CTGF, signaling pathway‐, proliferation‐, migration‐, invasion‐, apoptosis‐ and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT)–related factors was detected. A number of assays were used to detect cell proliferation, migration, invasion, cell cycle, apoptosis, glioma growth, and the targeting site between CTGF and miR‐133a. MiR‐133a was downregulated and CTGF was upregulated in human glioma tissues and cells. MiR‐133a and CTGF expression was related to glioma's WHO staging and size. Downregulated miR‐133a and upregulated CTGF caused unfavorable prognosis in glioma. Upregulated miR‐133a suppressed CTGF expression and the activation of JAK/STAT signaling pathway, thereby constraining cell colony formation, proliferation, migration and invasion, and promoting apoptosis in glioma. Our study reveals that upregulated miR‐133a and downregulated CTGF suppress cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in human glioma through the inhibition of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway.
Women's perceptions of pharmacist‐prescribed hormonal contraception
Authors: Meredith Ashley H. , Olenik Nicole L. , Farris Karen B. , Hudmon Karen Suchanek 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIntroductionUnintended pregnancy is a public health issue, with young women in their late teens and early 20s at highest risk. Multiple approaches to increasing contraception access have been implemented, including adoption of statewide pharmacist prescribing legislation in multiple states. Indiana does not currently have such legislation in place. The objective of this study was to identify how women at risk for unintended pregnancy in central Indiana perceive pharmacist prescribing of contraception.Study DesignQualitative, one‐on‐one semi‐structured interviews.MethodsPurposive, convenience sampling of eligible women 18 to 29‐years‐old who live in Indiana was used. Recruitment occurred via printed flyers placed in public locations that were not focused on health care, free classified online advertisements, and electronic flyers within Facebook social groups relevant to the study population. Interviews were conducted via telephone until thematic saturation was achieved. Participant demographics, baseline characteristics, current and past barriers to obtaining contraception, and perception of a pharmacist contraception prescribing model were collected. Interview transcripts were coded in an iterative manner with qualitative data analysis software (MAXQDA, Version 12) until consensus was achieved.ResultsFourteen women completed the study. Four primary themes emerged encompassing accessibility, communication, pharmacist attributes, and payment. Thirteen participants would personally utilize a pharmacist prescribing contraceptive service and all stated that this service would be beneficial for other women. Of those women expressing a preference (n = 7), a female pharmacist would be preferred for service delivery. Participants expressed concerns related to access by minors, skills and training of the pharmacist, and environment within the pharmacy.ConclusionsWomen in Indiana desire broader access to contraception. Efforts should be made at the individual pharmacist‐provider level and statewide to explore strategies to increase access. Resources should be allocated to the creation of protocols for pharmacist prescribing within Indiana and other states.
Evaluation of a teaching and learning curriculum for preceptors and residents
Authors: Pogge Elizabeth K. , Raney Erin , Jackowski Rebekah M. , Larson Suzanne , Storjohann Tara , Davis Lindsay E. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIntroductionThe role of the pharmacist as a clinician educator requires a developed skill set and dedication as a life‐long learner. The Clinician Educators Program (CEP) at Midwestern University College of Pharmacy‐Glendale in Glendale, Arizona is a 12‐month longitudinal teaching and learning curriculum designed to meet this need. It includes a postgraduate education track for residents and residency preceptors and an experiential education track for university‐affiliated preceptors. The program consists of 26 live seminar hours delivered over four full‐day sessions, two mentored teaching experiences, and creation of a philosophy of teaching statement and electronic teaching portfolio.ObjectivesThe objectives of this research are to determine if the CEP enhanced the self‐perceived skills and confidence of residents and preceptors as clinician educators, and if participants and residency program directors valued the program components.MethodsAll participants enrolled in the CEP from 2015‐2018 and affiliated residency program directors were invited to complete an anonymous online survey. The survey asked a series of questions designed to measure the value of program components as well as the skills and confidence gained through program completion.ResultsThe survey response rate was 42% (132/317). The number of participants who agreed or strongly agreed that they had proficient skills as a clinician educator (45% before vs 99% after; P < .001) and were confident as a clinician educator significantly improved (48% before vs 100% after; P < .001). The overwhelming majority agreed or strongly agreed that they gained value from attending the live teaching skills seminars, participating in mentored teaching experiences, writing a teaching philosophy, and creating a teaching portfolio. Nearly all participants and residency program directors would recommend the CEP to future residents and/or preceptors.ConclusionThe CEP was well‐received by participants and residency program directors and provides a model for enhancing confidence in the skills of clinician educators.
Body mass index does not impact hematopoietic progenitor cell mobilization for autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation
Authors: Khouri Jack , Rybicki Lisa , Majhail Navneet S. , Kalaycio Matt , Pohlman Brad , Hill Brian , Jagadeesh Deepa , Dean Robert , Hamilton Betty , Sobecks Ronald , Koo Anna , Liu Hien 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundObesity has implications for hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC) mobilization, chemotherapy administration, and medication dosing. We analyzed the impact of obesity on HPC mobilization as well as key outcomes that are associated with cell dose in autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (AHCT) recipients.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study on 556 consecutive eligible AHCT recipients at our institution from 1/2004 to 12/2009. Patients were categorized into four groups based on the body mass index (BMI): underweight (BMI < 18.5), normal (18.5‐24.9), overweight (25.0‐29.9), or obese (≥30.0). Primary endpoints of interest included HPC mobilization, neutrophil and platelet recovery, hospital stay and survival.ResultsThe diagnoses were mostly non‐Hodgkin lymphoma, multiple myeloma, and Hodgkin lymphoma. The majority of the patients had received three or less prior chemotherapy regimens and had not received prior radiation therapy. Most patients had chemosensitive disease at time of transplant. For HPC mobilization regimen, 68% received chemotherapy and G‐CSF, 32% received G‐CSF alone. Busuflan/etoposide/cyclophosphamide, melphalan, and busulfan/cyclophosphamide were used for conditioning. Obesity did not correlate with HPC mobilization and had no association with neutrophil or platelet recovery, or length of transplant hospitalization. On multivariable analysis, obese patients demonstrated better survival than those who were not obese.ConclusionObese AHCT recipients had similar rates of HPC mobilization, neutrophil and platelet engraftment and length of transplant hospitalization, and experienced better survival compared with recipients with lower BMI. High BMI by itself should not be considered as a contraindication to AHCT.
Testosterone does not mediate variation in basal metabolic rate and activity in relation to reproductive condition and photoperiod in white‐footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus)
Authors: McDonnell Stephanie P. , Kaseloo Paul A. , Wran Victoria E. , Heideman Paul D. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe photoperiodic response of many temperate zone rodents, including white‐footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus), is a heritable life‐history trait with underlying physiological variation. Previous studies of intact male P. leucopus utilized two wild‐derived bidirectional selection lines, a short photoperiod responsive (R) line selected for reproductive suppression in short‐day conditions (SD) and a nonresponsive (NR) line selected for reproductive maturity in SD. NR mice in SD had greater food intake, but also higher levels of locomotor activity, and basal metabolic rate (BMR) than R mice. We hypothesized that testosterone may be a key mediator of this metabolic difference, as it is likely to be significantly reduced in R SD mice. Male P. leucopus from either line in SD were castrated and given either an implant containing testosterone (T) or a sham control (C). They were then tested for variation in metabolic rate and activity in SD, thermoneutral conditions. T mice had significantly higher levels of food intake, testosterone, and seminal vesicle dry weight than C mice. Seminal vesicle dry weight was significantly and positively correlated with average testosterone level, indicating an effect of the T implants. There was no statistically significant difference among treatment groups in BMR and average daily metabolic rate, suggesting that differences in testosterone alone are not the cause of differences in metabolic rate between selection lines.
Inherent forms and the evolution of evolution
Authors: Newman Stuart A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractJohn Bonner presented a provocative conjecture that the means by which organisms evolve has itself evolved. The elements of his postulated nonuniformitarianism in the essay under discussion—the emergence of sex, the enhanced selection pressures on larger multicellular forms—center on a presumed close mapping of genotypic to phenotypic change. A different view emerges from delving into earlier work of Bonner's in which he proposed the concept of “neutral phenotypes” and “neutral morphologies” allied to D’Arcy Thompson's analysis of physical determinants of form and studied the conditional elicitation of intrinsic organizational properties of cell aggregates in social amoebae. By comparing the shared and disparate mechanistic bases of morphogenesis and developmental outcomes in the embryos of metazoans (animals), closely related nonmetazoan holozoans, more distantly related dictyostelids, and very distantly related volvocine algae, I conclude, in agreement with Bonner's earlier proposals, that understanding the evolution of multicellular evolution requires knowledge of the inherent forms of diversifying lineages, and that the relevant causative factors extend beyond genes and adaptation to the physics of materials.