bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrodeoxygenation of Octanoic Acid over Supported Ni and Mo Catalysts: Effect of Ni/Mo Ratio and Catalyst Recycling
Authors: Zhu Yanli , Wei Ruiping , Fan Jingdeng , Wu Yuanfeng , Xu Siquan , Gao Linjing , Zhang Jin , Xiao Guomin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractHydrodeoxygenation of octanoic acid over supported NiMo bimetallic catalysts was investigated as a representative of carboxylic acid compounds in bio‐oils. A series of MCM‐41supported Ni and Mo bimetal catalysts were prepared with the wetness impregnation method. The microstructural and physicochemical properties of the fresh and recovered bimetal catalysts were characterized by various methods such as X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), etc.. The results show that the bulk NiO particles were well‐uniformly dispersed on the surface of the bimetal catalyst, and Mo4+ was founded as the main valence of Mo inside solid. Under the optimal conditions, i. e. the reaction temperature of 270 °C, reaction pressure of 3 MPa, and reaction time of 7 h, the 3Ni7Mo/MCM‐41 sample exhibits selectivity to octane 72.6% with a high conversion of octanoic acid 96.1%. Only a slight decrease in catalytic activity was observed after reused for three times. Moreover, the recovered sample was easily regenerated only with simple calcination and deoxidization, but has the similar microstructure compared with the fresh one.
Bundled Defect‐Rich MoS2 for a High‐Rate and Long‐Life Sodium‐Ion Battery: Achieving 3D Diffusion of Sodium Ion by Vacancies to Improve Kinetics
Authors: Yao Kai , Xu Zhanwei , Huang Jianfeng , Ma Meng , Fu Licai , Shen Xuetao , Li Jia , Fu Maosen 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMolybdenum disulfide (MoS2), a 2D‐layered compound, is regarded as a promising anode for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) due to its attractive theoretical capacity and low cost. The main challenges associated with MoS2 are the low rate capability suffering from the sluggish kinetics of Na+ intercalation and the poor cycling stability owning to the stack of MoS2 sheets. In this work, a unique architecture of bundled defect‐rich MoS2 (BD‐MoS2) that consists of MoS2 with large vacancies bundled by ultrathin MoO3 is achieved via a facile quenching process. When employed as anode for a SIB, the BD‐MoS2 electrode exhibits an ultrafast charge/discharge due to the pseudocapacitive‐controlled Na+ storage mechanism in it. Further experimental and theoretical calculations show that Na+ is able to cross the MoS2 layer by vacancies, not only limited to diffusion along the layer, thus realizing a 3D Na+ diffusion with faster kinetics. Meanwhile, the bundling architecture reduces the stack of sheets with a superior cycle life illustrating the highly reversible capacities of 350 and 272 mAh g−1 at 2 and 5 A g−1 after 1000 cycles.
Coordinating Tissue Regeneration Through Transforming Growth Factor-β Activated Kinase 1 Inactivation and Reactivation
Authors: Hsieh Hsiao Hsin Sung , Agarwal Shailesh , Cholok David J. , Loder Shawn J. , Kaneko Kieko , Huber Amanda , Chung Michael T. , Ranganathan Kavitha , Habbouche Joe , Li John , Butts Jonathan , Reimer Jonathan , Kaura Arminder , Drake James , Breuler Christopher , Priest Caitlin R. , Nguyen Joe , Brownley Cameron , Peterson Jonathan , Ozgurel Serra Ucer , Niknafs Yashar S. , Li Shuli , Inagaki Maiko , Scott Greg , Krebsbach Paul H. , Longaker Michael T. , Westover Kenneth , Gray Nathanael , Ninomiya-Tsuji Jun , Mishina Yuji , Levi Benjamin 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Aberrant wound healing presents as inappropriate or insufficient tissue formation. Using a model of musculoskeletal injury, we demonstrate that loss of transforming growth factor-β activated kinase 1 (TAK1) signaling reduces inappropriate tissue formation (heterotopic ossification) through reduced cellular differentiation. Upon identifying increased proliferation with loss of TAK1 signaling, we considered a regenerative approach to address insufficient tissue production through coordinated inactivation of TAK1 to promote cellular proliferation, followed by reactivation to elicit differentiation and extracellular matrix production. Although the current regenerative medicine paradigm is centered on the effects of drug treatment (“drug on”), the impact of drug withdrawal (“drug off”) implicit in these regimens is unknown. Because current TAK1 inhibitors are unable to phenocopy genetic Tak1 loss, we introduce the dual-inducible COmbinational Sequential Inversion ENgineering (COSIEN) mouse model. The COSIEN mouse model, which allows us to study the response to targeted drug treatment (“drug on”) and subsequent withdrawal (“drug off”) through genetic modification, was used here to inactivate and reactivate Tak1 with the purpose of augmenting tissue regeneration in a calvarial defect model. Our study reveals the importance of both the “drug on” (Cre-mediated inactivation) and “drug off” (Flp-mediated reactivation) states during regenerative therapy using a mouse model with broad utility to study targeted therapies for disease. Stem Cells 2019;37:766–778
Use of model‐based architecture attributes to construct a component‐level trade space
Authors: McKean David , Moreland James D. , Doskey Steven 
Published: February 2019

AbstractComponent‐level system design first builds a design trade space of alternate solutions composed of one or more system function allocations (or partitions) to one or more physical hardware or software product component configurations. Alternate solutions are then analyzed to select a near‐optimal solution that satisfies all system requirements. The past two or more decades have seen much research into solution of the hardware/software partitioning problem. A traditional assumption has been that software executes on a single processing resource, whereas modern computer systems provide a heterogeneous combination of processing resources. These processing technologies enable performance (speed) optimization through algorithm parallelization at the expense of potentially conflicting power and thermal concerns. Current research focuses primarily on function partitioning with heterogeneous processors to achieve performance optimization. There still exists the problem of quantifying function partitioning for additional architecture attributes (electrical energy, thermal, reliability, etc.). This article presents an extensible, executable model‐based system engineering framework that supports these architecture attributes. A proof‐of‐concept executable performance attribute model for single‐CPU systems is presented that produces static performance estimates to support optimization analysis and dynamic estimates for simulation analysis. This model‐based method replaces current spreadsheet approaches for architecture analysis of alternatives. Improved performance estimation reduces the need for prototype development, saving time and money. Improved architecture attribute estimates foster early communication with specialty engineers, improving design through better informed trade‐offs. Design space exploration fidelity is improved through the ability to easily model computer resource alternatives.
Assessment of atrioventricular conduction by echocardiography and magnetocardiography in normal and anti‐Ro/SSA‐antibody‐positive pregnancies
Authors: Cuneo B. F. , Bitant S. , Strasburger J. F. , Kaizer A. M. , Wakai R. T. 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTObjectivesThe objectives of this study were, first, to evaluate the association between fetal echocardiographic atrioventricular (AV) and magnetocardiographic (fMCG) PR intervals at different gestational ages (GAs) in normal and anti‐Ro/SSA‐antibody‐positive pregnancies; second, to determine if PR interval could be predicted by AV interval; and third, to assess the neonatal outcome of fetuses with prolonged AV and PR intervals, with the goal of developing criteria for fetal first‐degree AV block (AVB‐I).MethodsThis was a retrospective study of anti‐Ro/SSA‐antibody‐positive pregnancies (cases) and controls that underwent fMCG and fetal echocardiography at the same recording session. Cardiac cycle length, GA and AV (by mitral inflow/aortic outflow Doppler) and PR (by fMCG) intervals were measured. We tested for significant differences between AV and PR intervals using generalized estimating equations to account for repeat measurements, and assessed whether PR interval could be predicted reliably by AV interval. After delivery, infants with fetal AV or PR interval Z‐score ≥ 3 underwent 12‐lead electrocardiography.ResultsThirty‐nine controls and 31 cases underwent 46 and 36 simultaneous fMCG and echocardiographic examinations, respectively; 101 controls and nine cases underwent fMCG only. AV and PR intervals increased with GA (P < 0.05 for both). Overall, AV and PR intervals were significantly different from each other (P < 0.001); this difference was not significant when compared between cases and controls (P = 0.222). PR interval could not be predicted accurately from AV interval and GA alone. Three of four cases with AV and PR interval Z‐scores > + 3 had postnatal AVB‐I despite treatment. The fourth fetus, which had predominately second‐degree AVB and rare periods of AVB‐I, progressed to third‐degree AVB despite treatment with dexamethasone.ConclusionsThe diagnostic threshold for AVB‐I, defined by AV interval Z‐score, is GA dependent. Based on the observed data, an AV interval Z‐score threshold of 3 (AV interval, 151–167 ms) may be appropriate. Echocardiographic AV interval was not predictive of fMCG‐PR interval. Copyright © 2019 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Die Geschichte der Deutschen Vakuum‐Gesellschaft DVG e. V.
Authors: Fiedler Wilfriede 
Published: February 2019

ZusammenfassungSeit fast einem halben Jahrhundert fördern die Deutsche Vakuum‐Gesellschaft und ihre Vorgängerorganisationen die Forschung und Anwendung der vakuumgestützten Wissenschaften und Technologien, pflegen den nationalen wie auch internationalen wissenschaftlichen Informations‐ und Meinungsaustausch in den verbundenen Fachdisziplinen, zeichnen herausragende wissenschaftliche Leistungen aus und unterstützen die Aus‐ und Weiterbildung rund um die Vakuumtechnologie. Highlights und Wendepunkte dieser Entwicklung – von den 1950er Jahren bis in unsere Zeit – werden hier beschrieben.
Prehabilitation Before Major Abdominal Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis
Authors: Hughes Michael J. , Hackney Rosie J. , Lamb Peter J. , Wigmore Stephen J. , Christopher Deans D. A. , Skipworth Richard J. E. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIntroductionPrehabilitation prior to major surgery has increased in popularity over recent years and aims to improve pre‐operative conditioning of patients to improve post‐operative outcomes. The beneficial effect of such protocols is not well established with conflicting results reported. This review aimed to assess the effect of prehabilitation on post‐operative outcome after major abdominal surgery.MethodsEMBASE, Medline, PubMed and the Cochrane database were searched in August 2018 for trials comparing outcomes of patients undergoing prehabilitation involving prescribed respiratory and exercise interventions prior to abdominal surgery. Study characteristics, overall and pulmonary morbidity, length of stay (LOS), maximum inspiratory pressure and change in six‐minute walking test (6MWT) distance were obtained. The primary outcome was post‐operative overall morbidity within 30 days. Dichotomous data were analysed by fixed or random effects odds ratio. Continuous data were analysed with weighted mean difference.ResultsFifteen RCTs were included in the analysis with 457 prehabilitation patients and 450 control group patients. A significant reduction in overall (OR 0.63 95% CI 0.46–0.87 I2 34%, p = 0.005) and pulmonary morbidity (OR 0.4 95% CI 0.23–0.68, I2 = 0%, p = 0.0007) was observed in the prehabilitation group. No significant difference in LOS (WMD −2.39 95% CI −4.86 to 0.08 I2 = 0%, p = 0.06) or change in 6MWT distance (WMD 9.06 95% CI −35.68, 53.81 I2 = 88%, p = 0.69) was observed.ConclusionsPrehabilitation can reduce overall and pulmonary morbidity following surgery and could be utilised routinely. The precise protocol of prehabilitation has not been completely established. Further work is required to tailor optimal prehabilitation protocols for specific operative procedures.
Dynamic detection of anomalous regions within distributed acoustic sensing data streams using locally stationary wavelet time series
Authors: Wilson Rebecca E. , Eckley Idris A. , Nunes Matthew A. , Park Timothy 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDistributed acoustic sensing technology is increasingly being used to support production and well management within the oil and gas sector, for example to improve flow monitoring and production profiling. This sensing technology is capable of recording substantial data volumes at multiple depths within an oil well, giving unprecedented insights into production behaviour. However the technology is also prone to recording periods of anomalous behaviour, where the same physical features are concurrently observed at multiple depths. Such features are called ‘stripes’ and are undesirable, detrimentally affecting well performance modelling. This paper focuses on the important challenge of developing a principled approach to identifying such anomalous periods within distributed acoustic signals. We extend recent work on classifying locally stationary wavelet time series to an online setting and, in so doing, introduce a computationally-efficient online procedure capable of accurately identifying anomalous regions within multivariate time series.
Characterization of stem, stripe and leaf rust resistance in Tajik bread wheat accessions
Authors: Rahmatov Mahbubjon , Otambekova Munira , Muminjanov Hafiz , Rouse Matthew N. , Hovmøller Mogens S. , Nazari Kumarse , Steffenson Brian J. , Johansson Eva 
Published: February 2019

AbstractStem rust [causal organism:Puccinia graminisf. sp. tritici(Pgt)], stripe rust [Puccinia striiformisf. sp.tritici(Pst)], and leaf rust [Puccinia triticina(Pt)] are important fungal diseases of wheat in Central Asia and worldwide. Therefore, identification of seedling and adult plant resistance (APR) genes is of major importance for the national wheat breeding program in many countries. The objectives of this study were to identify genes that confer seedling and APR resistances in widely grown wheat cultivars, landraces and advanced lines from Tajikistan. A total of 41 wheat accessions were inoculated with eleven races ofPgt, twelve races ofPstand nine races ofPtfor postulation ofSr(stem rust),Yr(yellow or stripe rust), andLr Lr(leaf rust) resistance genes at the seedling stage. In addition, all of the accessions were tested in field trials for the response to stem rust and stripe rust. Genes for seedling stem rust resistance (i.e.Sr5,Sr6,Sr11,Sr31, andSr38), stripe rust resistance (Yr9,Yr17, andY27), and leaf rust resistance (Lr16andLr26) were postulated in the Tajik wheat. The presence of the pleiotropic APR genesSr2/Yr30/Lr27(associated with pseudo-black chaff phenotype) andLr34/Yr18/Sr57(associated with leaf tip necrosis phenotype), and alsoLr37were assessed in the field and confirmed with linked molecular markers. In most of the wheat accessions, resistance genes could not be postulated because their infection types did not match the avirulence or virulence profile of thePgt,PstandPtraces tested. Six, seven, and nine accessions were identified that likely possess new genes for resistance to stem rust, stripe rust, and leaf rust, respectively, which have not been described previously. The research demonstrates the presence of effective seedling resistance and APR genes in widely grown wheat accessions that could facilitate further rust resistance breeding in the national wheat breeding program in Tajikistan.
Forest stand productivity derived from site conditions: an assessment of old Douglas-fir stands (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco var. menziesii) in Central Europe
Authors: Eckhart Tamara , Pötzelsberger Elisabeth , Koeck Roland , Thom Dominik , Lair Georg J. , van Loo Marcela , Hasenauer Hubert 
Published: February 2019

AbstractKey messageDouglas-fir growth correlates with the climate, the soil moisture regime, and the soil nutrient status, reflecting a broad physiological amplitude. Even though planting this non-native tree species is suggested as a viable strategy to improve adaptiveness of European forests to a more extreme climate and to assure future productivity, the expected temperature increase may induce a decline in forest stand productivity for Douglas-fir in already warm and dry regions.ContextTree species selection is one of the most important forest management decisions to enhance forest productivity and stand stability on a given site. Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii(Mirb.) Franco var.menziesii), a non-native species from north-western America, is seen as an important additional species option for adapting Central European forests to a changing climate.AimsThis study assesses Douglas-fir forest productivity derived from site conditions. We investigate climatic and physico-chemical soil characteristics and productivity of 28 mature Douglas-fir stands growing on siliceous, as well as carbonate bedrock material in southern Germany and north-eastern Austria.MethodsThe importance of climatic and physico-chemical soil characteristics was analyzed with the machine learning methodRandom Forests.ResultsThe results show that Douglas-fir growth correlates with climate, soil moisture, and soil nutrient availability derived from ten climatic and physico-chemical soil parameters.ConclusionThe broad pH optimum between 4.5 and 7.2 reflects the broad physiological amplitude of Douglas-fir, and no significant differences were detectable between carbonate and siliceous bedrock. We also conclude that climate change may induce a forest stand productivity decline, because lower productivity with the highest mean summer temperature across our study range was observed at the warmest sites in Eastern Austria.
Price limits under incomplete preference information based on almost stochastic dominance
Authors: Jahnke Hermann , Martini Jan Thomas , Wiens Tobias 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe derive price limits as decision aids for identifying favorable and unfavorable contracts from the perspective of a selling firm in face of uncertain outcomes. The analysis is based on the concept of almost stochastic dominance to incorporate incomplete information about the decision-maker’s preferences. The main challenges to use this concept in practice are to define and limit the required preference
information and to demonstrate the performance of the resulting price limits. We propose price limits that are suitable for a wide range of applications, in particular services. While their information requirements vary, all price limits refer to the same type of aggregate information about marginal utilities and risk aversion. In the scenario with the lowest requirements, the preference information shrinks to a single number which is easy to approximate and to communicate. A comprehensive numerical study featuring fixed-price contracts shows that the incomplete preference information may lead to substantial improvements of the price limits over the situation of no preference information. We also discuss determinants and caveats
of these improvements. For instance, the improvements increase with decreases of the decision-maker’s risk sensitivity and may differ substantially in magnitude between the lower and the upper price limit.
Economic Impacts of Business Continuity on an Outbreak of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Minnesota Egg Laying Operations
Authors: Thompson Jada M. , Pendell Dustin L. , Boyer Tim , Patyk Kelly A. , Malladi Sasidhar , Weaver J. Todd 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAnimal disease outbreaks can cause disruptions in domestic and international markets. Business continuity aims to provide a proactive approach to alleviate some of these negative effects on consumers, producers, and agribusinesses. Using a partial equilibrium model of the U.S. egg industry, the economic impacts of business continuity during an epidemiological simulated disease event are modeled. Results show total welfare losses can be reduced by allowing permitted movement during an outbreak given a specified level of biosecurity. Understanding the potential market responses business continuity can have on the market may lead to reductions in the negative implications of a disease event.
Drag reduction and instabilities of flows in longitudinally grooved annuli
Authors: Moradi H. V. , Floryan J. M. 
Published: February 2019

The primary and secondary laminar flows in annuli with longitudinal grooves and driven by pressure gradients have been analysed. There exist geometric configurations reducing pressure losses in primary flows in spite of an increase of the wall wetted area. The parameter ranges when such flows exist have been determined using linear stability theory. Two types of secondary flows have been identified. The first type has the form of the classical travelling waves driven by shear and modified by the grooves. The axisymmetric waves dominate for sufficiently large radii of the annuli while different spiral waves dominate for small radii. The secondary flow topology is unique in the former case and has the form of axisymmetric rings propagating in the axial direction. Topologies in the latter case are not unique, as spiral waves with left and right twists can emerge under the same conditions, resulting in flow structures varying from spatial rings to rhombic forms. The most intense motion of this type occurs near the walls. The second type of secondary flow has the form of travelling waves driven by inertial effects with characteristics very distinct from the shear waves. Its critical Reynolds number increases proportionally to $S^{-2}$, where $S$ denotes the groove amplitude, while the amplification rates increase proportionally to $S^{2}$. These waves exist only if $S$ is above a well-defined minimum and their axisymmetric forms dominate, with the most intense motion occurring near the annulus mid-section. Geometries that give preference to the latter waves have been identified. It is shown that the drag-reducing topographies stabilize the classical travelling waves; these waves are driven by viscous shear, so reduction of this shear decreases their amplification. The same topographies destabilize the new waves; these waves are driven by an inviscid mechanism associated with the formation of circumferential inflection points, and an increase of the groove amplitude increases their amplification. The flow conditions when the presence of grooves can be ignored, i.e. the annuli can be treated as being hydraulically smooth, have been determined.
Two Punic inscriptions from Roman Tripolitania
Authors: Elmayer Abdulhafid F. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis article provides the edition and commentary of two Punic inscriptions of Roman imperial date from inland areas of Tripolitania. One is the first edition of a Punic funerary text written in Latin script from Bani Walid in the Werfalla district. The other is a discussion offering an alternative interpretation of two architectural blocks bearing a fragmentary dedication that were recovered from the vicinity of the mausoleum of Gasr Doga in the Tarhuna district. Both texts shed new light on aspects of the cultural dynamics of Libyco-Punic culture under Roman rule.