bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The conceptual foundations of educational cooperation of universities and companies of Industry 4.0
Authors: Fonina Tatiana B. , Nazarov Andrey G. , Larionova Elena I. , Bychkova Svetlana G. , Gerasimova Elena B. 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to specify the conceptual foundations of educational cooperation of universities and companies of Industry 4.0 for maximizing its efficiency.

Design/methodology/approach
For determining the efficiency of educational cooperation of universities and companies of Industry 4.0 in modern Russia, the authors use the information and analytical materials on the results of monitoring of effectiveness of the activities of educational organizations of higher education in 2018. They use the indicators of the number of cooperation agreements and efficiency of cooperation – employment of graduates and the share of non-budget assets in revenues from the educational activities. These indicators are studied with the help of the method of regression analysis. The objects of the research are the flagship universities of the Central and the Southern Federal District of the Russian Federation.

Findings
Low efficiency of the educational cooperation of universities and companies of Industry 4.0 in modern Russia is observed. The authors show by the example of the flagship universities of the Central and Southern Federal Districts of the Russian Federation in 2018 that multiple agreements on their cooperation with the companies of regions in which they are located do not ensure high values of the indicators of employment of their graduates and the share of non-budget assets in revenues from the educational activities.

Originality/value
An algorithm of developing the educational cooperation of universities and companies of Industry 4.0 and a model of educational cooperation of universities and companies of Industry 4.0 are offered. The authors’ recommendations specify the conceptual foundations of the educational cooperation of universities and companies of Industry 4.0, as they orient the participants of this cooperation at achievement of specific formalized results and show the mechanism of achieving them.
Police social work and social service collaboration strategies one hundred years after Vollmer
Authors: Patterson George T. , Swan Philip G. 
Published: September 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to report on a systematic review that examined police social work and social service collaboration strategies implemented to address social problems.Design/methodology/approachA systematic review was conducted to identify the components of police social work and social service collaboration strategies. A total of 11 databases were searched. The inclusion criteria centered on the social problem, focus population, service providers, collaboration components and geographic location. Any methodological approach was included provided that a collaboration between police and social service providers focused on addressing a social problem was implemented and described.FindingsThe database searches identified 3,065 hits. After first eliminating duplicate titles, then reviewing and eliminating titles and abstracts that did not met the inclusion criteria, 119 full-text studies were reviewed. Among the 81 studies included in the systematic review, 83 implemented collaborations were found. The most collaborations were implemented in the USA, whereas only one implemented collaboration was found among the majority of the countries. Interpersonal violence was the most frequent social problem addressed by the collaborations followed by mental illness, crime, juvenile delinquency, and alcohol and substance use and abuse. Interventions were predominantly delivered by social workers who provided referrals and collaboration with social service agencies that assisted adults.Practical implicationsGiven that police officers are first responders to a wide range of social problems, investigating and disseminating information about the characteristics of police social service collaboration strategies is an important endeavor. Whereas investigating the effectiveness of collaborations was not the aim of this review, several practical implications can be derived from the findings. These findings show the types of social problems, partners and tasks that comprise the collaborations. The present findings suggest that law enforcement agencies do not have accessible name brand social work and social service collaboration models that can be replicated. The majority of the collaborations found appear to be unique models implemented between law enforcement and social service agencies. More outcome studies are needed that investigate whether the social problem has improved among citizens that received services from the collaboration.Originality/valueThis paper is the first systematic review focused on police social work and social service collaboration strategies implemented to address social problems.
Temperature relevant performance and calibration of spin-valve sensor
Authors: Zhu Huachen , Qian Zhenghong , Zhang Jiaofeng , Sun Yucheng , Bai Ru , Zhu Jianguo 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
It has been noted that the spin-valve sensor exhibits lower sensitivity with higher temperature because of the variation of GMR ratio, which could lead to the measurement error in applications where working temperature changes largely over seasons or times. This paper aims to investigate and compensate the temperature effect of the spin-valve sensor.

Design/methodology/approach
A spin-valve sensor is fabricated based on microelectronic process, and its temperature relevant properties are investigated, in which the transfer curves are acquired within a temperature range of −50°C to 125°C with a Helmholtz coil and temperature chamber.

Findings
It is found that the sensitivity of spin-valve sensor decreases with temperature linearly, where the temperature coefficient is calculated at −0.25 %/°C. The relationship between sensitivity of spin-valve sensor and temperature is well-modeled.

Originality/value
The temperature drift model of the spin-valve sensor’s sensitivity is highly correlated with tested results, which could be used to compensate the temperature influence on the sensor output. A self-compensation sensor system is proposed and built based on the expression modeled for the temperature dependence of the sensor, which exhibits a great improvement on temperature stability.
A new approach to map landscape variation in forest restoration success in tropical and temperate forest biomes
Authors: Crouzeilles Renato , Barros Felipe S. M. , Molin Paulo G. , Ferreira Mariana S. , Junqueira André B. , Chazdon Robin L. , Lindenmayer David B. , Tymus Julio R. C. , Strassburg Bernardo B. N. , Brancalion Pedro H. S. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

A high level of variation of biodiversity recovery within a landscape during forest restoration presents obstacles to ensure large‐scale, cost‐effective and long‐lasting ecological restoration. There is an urgent need to predict landscape variation in forest restoration success at a global scale.

We conducted a meta‐analysis comprising 135 study landscapes to predict and map landscape variation in forest restoration success in tropical and temperate forest biomes. Our analysis was based on the amount of forest cover within a landscape — a key driver of forest restoration success. We contrasted 17 generalized linear models measuring forest cover at different landscape sizes (with buffers varying from 5 to 200 km radii). We identified the most plausible model to predict and map landscape variation in forest restoration success. We then weighted landscape variation by the amount of potentially restorable areas (agriculture and pasture land areas) within the same landscape. Finally, we estimated restoration costs of implementing Bonn Challenge commitments in three specific temperate and tropical forest biome types in the United States, Brazil and Uganda.

Landscape variation decreased exponentially as the amount of forest cover increased in the landscape, with stronger effects within a 5 km radius. Thirty‐eight per cent of forest biomes have landscapes with more than 27% of forest cover and showed levels of landscape variation below 10%. Landscapes with less than 6% of forest cover showed levels of variation in forest restoration success above 50%.

At the biome level, Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests had the lowest (12.6%), whereas Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests had the highest (22.9%) average of weighted landscape variation in forest restoration success. Our approach can lead to a reduction in implementation costs for each Bonn Challenge commitment between US$ 973 Mi and 9.9 Bi.

Policy implications. Our approach identifies landscape characteristics that increase the likelihood of biodiversity recovery during forest restoration — and potentially the chances of natural regeneration and long‐term ecological sustainability and functionality. Identifying areas with low levels of landscape variation can help to reduce the risks and financial costs associated with implementing ambitious restoration commitments.
Performance of a state‐space multispecies model: What are the consequences of ignoring predation and process errors in stock assessments?
Authors: Trijoulet Vanessa , Fay Gavin , Miller Timothy J. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Having a realistic representation of ecosystems in fisheries models is important in the context of ecosystem‐based fisheries management (EBFM). While different modelling approaches support EBFM, accounting for trophic interactions and uncertainty in stock dynamics is important for management advice. Multispecies models exist, but are rarely used for assessments. Most stock assessments are single species models and predation is subsumed into natural mortality, which is often an assumed known value. The use of state‐space assessment models, which account for stochasticity in unobserved processes (process errors), is increasing. However, many stocks are managed assuming deterministic processes. Little is known of how ignoring predation and process errors in stock assessment can impact the perception of the stocks and therefore fisheries management.

We developed an age‐structured multispecies operating model that simulated data with errors in observations, recruitment and fish abundance. Four estimation models (EMs) that differed according to whether or not they accounted for predation or process errors were fitted to the simulated data. Relative differences between true and predicted outputs were estimated as a measure of bias. Equilibrium unfished biomass was estimated for each model as a proxy reference point.

Ignoring predation had the largest impact on stock perception and resulted in large bias in parameters, derived outputs and absolute or relative reference points. Estimating unobserved processes was not sufficient in limiting the bias when natural mortality was misspecified.

Ignoring process errors had limited bias but the bias increased when no contrasts existed in fishing mortality over time.

Looking solely at likelihood values to choose among models is misleading and predictive ability could be used to prevent selecting models that overfit the data.

Synthesis and applications. Ignoring trophic interactions that occur in marine ecosystems induces bias in stock assessment outputs and results in low model predictive ability with subsequently biased reference points. While it may be difficult to estimate natural mortality when no data exist to inform it, stock managers should remember that, if predation is large, assuming a constant mortality over time and/or age could have large consequences on stock perception and reference point estimates and affect resulting management advice.
Long‐term dynamics of liana seedlings suggest decelerating increases in liana relative abundance over time
Authors: Umaña María N. , Manzané‐Pinzón Eric , Comita Liza S. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Over the past decades, tropical forests have experienced both compositional and structural changes. In the Neotropics, researchers at multiple sites have observed significant increases in the abundance and biomass of lianas (i.e. woody vines) relative to trees. However, the role of dynamics at early life stages in contributing to increasing liana abundance remains unclear.

We took advantage of a unique dataset on seedling dynamics over 16 years in ~20 000 1‐m2 plots in a tropical forest in Panama to examine temporal and spatial trends in liana and tree seedling abundance.

We found that the relative abundance of liana seedlings increased across the study period, from 0.18 in 2001 to 0.24 in 2017. However, increases in liana seedling relative abundance appear to have levelled off in more recent years. The observed increases in liana relative abundance appear to be the result of both higher survival and higher recruitment rates of liana seedlings compared to tree seedlings.

Increasing liana abundance in the seedling layer was not explained by annual variation in dry season length, total rainfall or the proportion of area occupied by canopy gaps. In addition, liana seedlings did not exhibit a demographic advantage (i.e. higher recruitment or survival) over tree seedlings in dry habitats.

Synthesis. Our results reveal that seedling communities experienced important compositional changes in the past, but liana seedling relative abundance may have stabilized in recent years. Longer‐term monitoring is needed to determine whether tropical forests will continue to experience compositional changes that may alter forest structure and ecosystem function.
Under the cover of the kippah: on Jewish settlers, performance, and belonging in Israel/Palestine
Authors: Harel Assaf 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWhat can a kippah – the Jewish head cover – reveal about settlers’ politics of belonging in the Israeli‐Palestinian space? During fieldwork among settlers and Palestinians in the West Bank, I selectively put on and took off the kippah, using it to control social identity and interactions, sometimes successfully, sometimes not. This article interrogates my use of the kippah as a reflexive means of highlighting its powerful meanings and effects within the Israeli‐Palestinian space. In showing how the wearing and removal of the kippah bears upon the social construction of Jewish identity, this article offers new insights into the sociopolitical significance of sartorial practices in Israel/Palestine. These insights contribute more broadly to debates at the intersection of studies of settler colonialism, material culture, identity, and performativity.
A Pilot Study Comparing Postmortem and Antemortem CT for the Identification of Unknowns: Could a Forensic Pathologist Do It?
Authors: Ali Zabiullah , Mourtzinos Nikki , Ali Bakr B. , Fowler David R. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractForensic pathologists are commonly tasked with identifying human remains. Although DNA analysis remains the gold standard in identification, time and cost make it particularly prohibitive. Radiological examination, more specifically analog imaging, is more cost‐effective and has been widely used in the medical examiner setting as a means of identification. In the United States, CT imaging is a fairly new imaging modality in the forensic setting, but in more recent years, offices are acquiring CT scans or collaborating with local hospitals to utilize the technology. To broaden the spectrum of potential identifying characteristics, we collected 20 cases with antemortem and postmortem CT images. The results were qualitatively assessed by a forensic pathologist and a nonmedically trained intern, and all cases were correctly identified. This study demonstrates that identification of human remains using visual comparison could be performed with ease by a forensic pathologist with limited CT experience.
Reputation and adverse selection: theory and evidence from eBay
Authors: Saeedi Maryam 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHow can a marketplace introduce mechanisms to overcome inefficiencies caused by adverse selection? In this article, I use a unique data set that follows eBay sellers to show that reputation is a major determinant of price variations. I develop a model of sellers' dynamic behavior where sellers have heterogeneous qualities unobservable by buyers. Using reputation as a signal of quality, I structurally estimate the model to uncover buyers' utility and sellers' costs and underlying qualities. I show that removing the reputation mechanism increases low‐quality sellers' market share, lowers prices, and consequently reduces sellers' profit by 66% and consumer surplus by 35%.
Foreign Trade Finance: Requirements and Challenges in Times of Change
Authors: Schöne Edna 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe global trade world is changing. In order to support their exporters, ECAs need to adapt to a changing competitive environment and develop rules and processes that are made for todays export realities. Euler Hermes advocates an adaption of the OECD consensus and believes in digitalization as a mean to make ECA cover attractive for exporters also in the future.
Accumulation and Mobilization of Capital for Sustainable Development – Historical Perspective and Significance of ECA Financing
Authors: Kumar Ashish 
Published: September 2019

AbstractEconomic development is closely related to accumulation and mobilisation of capital, sources of which can either be domestic or foreign. In a developing country context, foreign capital has emerged as an important source of supplementing domestic capital, and is increasingly being channelised through official export credit agency (ECA) support. For this support to have a lasting impact, it is important that projects are designed and developed in a coordinated manner with strong involvement of the host country. Simultaneously, it is critical to devise mechanisms such as local currency financing to ensure the sustainability of such support.
The decline in youth drinking in England—is everyone drinking less? A quantile regression analysis
Authors: Oldham Melissa , Callinan Sarah , Whitaker Victoria , Fairbrother Hannah , Curtis Penny , Meier Petra , Livingston Michael , Holmes John 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackground and AimsYouth alcohol consumption has declined significantly during the past 15 years in many high‐income countries, which may have significant public health benefits. However, if the reductions in drinking occur mainly among lighter drinkers who are at lower risk, then rates of alcohol‐related harm among young people today and adults in future may not fall in line with consumption. There is conflicting evidence from Swedish school studies, with some suggesting that all young people are drinking less, while others suggest that alcohol consumption among heavier drinkers may be stable or rising while average consumption declines. This paper extends the geographical focus of previous research and examines whether the decline in youth drinking is consistent across the consumption distribution in England.DesignQuantile regression of 15 waves of repeat cross‐sectional survey data.SettingEngland, 2001–16.ParticipantsA total of 31 882 schoolchildren (50.7% male) aged 11–15 who responded to the Smoking Drinking and Drug Use among Young People surveys.MeasurementsPast‐week alcohol consumption in UK units at each fifth percentile of the consumption distribution.FindingsReductions in alcohol consumption occurred at all percentiles of the consumption distribution analysed between 2001 and 2016, but the magnitude of the decline differed across percentiles. The decline in consumption at the 90th percentile [β = −0.21, confidence interval (CI) = −0.24, −0.18] was significantly larger than among either lighter drinkers at the 50th percentile (β = −0.02, CI = −0.02, −0.01) or heavier drinkers at the 95th percentile (β = −0.16, CI = −0.18, −0.13).ConclusionsAlcohol consumption among young people in England appears to be declining across the consumption distribution, and peaks among heavy drinkers. The magnitude of this decline differs significantly between percentiles of the consumption distribution, with consumption falling proportionally less among the lightest, moderate and very heaviest youth drinkers.
Normal fertility with deletion of sY84 and sY86 in AZFa region
Authors: Tang D. , Liu W. , Li G. , He X. , Zhang Z. , Zhang X. , Cao Y. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundEntire deletion of the azoospermia factor a (AZFa) region commonly results in non‐obstructive‐azoospermia (NOA). Although sY84 and sY86 are recommended as the first choice of sequence‐tagged sites (STSs) primers in AZFa region, and their deletions suggest a very high probability of complete deletion of AZFa, extension analysis is now compulsory to identify the deletion pattern.ObjectivesWe aim to verify that extension analysis is relevant in assessing the deletion pattern of AZF by reporting a family in which two normal fertile men were confirmed to have a deletion of sY84 and sY86.Materials and methodsAccording to the EAA/EMQN recommendation, AZF evaluation was detected by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with six STSs, and extension analysis was performed to identify the deletion pattern due to the deletions of sY84 and sY86. And the further exploration was conducted to map the breakpoints of deleted DNA fragment.ResultsDeletion of sY84 and sY86 was found in the case with coinstantaneous normal semen analysis. An identically partial deletion pattern of AZFa region with the absence of an hg38Y fragment (12470437~12690385, 219949 bp in total) was found in both the case and his father, which includes three pseudogenes and one non‐coding‐RNA gene.Discussion and conclusionThe extension analysis has permitted the diagnosis of a partial AZFa deletion and confirmed the importance of the extension analysis in order to provide a more accurate prediction for the testis phenotype.