bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance of the Meta-Analysis Global Group in Chronic Heart Failure Score in Black Patients Compared With Whites
Authors: Radjef Ryhm , Peterson Edward L. , Michaels Alexander , Liu Bin , Gui Hongsheng , Sabbah Hani N. , Spertus John A. , Williams L. Keoki , Lanfear David E. 
Published: July 2019

Background:
Risk stratification is critical in heart failure (HF) and the Meta-Analysis Global Group in Chronic HF (MAGGIC) score is a validated tool derived from ~40,000 patients. However, few of these patients self-identified as black, raising uncertainty regarding performance in blacks with HF.

Methods and Results:

This study analyzed a racially diverse group of 4046 patients (1646 black and 2400 white) from a single center from 2007 to 2015. Baseline characteristics were collected to tabulate MAGGIC score and test its discrimination and calibration within race groups. The primary end point was all-cause mortality. Death was detected using system records and the social security death master file. Discrimination was tested using Cox models of MAGGIC score stratified by race, and combined analysis including MAGGIC, race, and MAGGIC×race. Calibration was assessed using linear regression models and plots of observed versus predicted data. Overall, 901 (21%) patients died during 1-year follow-up. MAGGIC score discrimination was similar in both race groups in terms of C statistic (0.707±0.027 versus 0.725±0.014, for black versus white;
P
=0.556) and the hazard ratio (HR) per MAGGIC point was 1.12 in black patients (95% CI, 1.10–1.14) and 1.13 in white patients (95% CI, 1.12–1.14). Race was a significant correlate of survival, with better survival in black patients compared with white (HR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.56–0.78), but the interaction of MAGGIC×race was not significant (β=−0.013;
P
=0.16), and adding race to the model did not improve discrimination (C statistic for MAGGIC versus MAGGIC+race, 0.721 versus 0.722;
P
=0.79). In calibration testing, the slope was not significantly different from 1 in either group, but the groups differed from each other, and it was closer to unity among black patients (0.94 versus 1.4;
P
=0.004).

Conclusions:
These data support the use of the MAGGIC score to risk stratify black patients with HF.
Effector gene vap1-based DGGE fingerprinting to assess variation within and among Globodera species and populations
Authors: Nuaima Rasha Haj , Mwangi James M. , Kiewnick Sebastian , Heuer Holger 
Published: July 2019

Summary
Population-level genetic tools to study the epidemiology of potato cyst nematodes (PCN) are needed to evaluate their adaptive potential and validate management strategies. The effector gene vap1 is essential in early infection by PCN. We expected high allelic variation due to diversifying selection. A technique was developed specifically to amplify vap1 fragments of PCN, and electrophoretically separate variants in a denaturing gradient (DGGE). Sequenced gene variants differed in intron as well as exon regions. Siblings were more similar in vap1 pattern than juveniles from different cysts. Nearly all juveniles analysed had unique patterns with up to ten or five vap1 variants for Globodera pallida or G. rostochiensis, respectively. Patterns differed significantly among populations, with similarities increasing from between-species, within-species to within-pathotype comparisons. In conclusion, the method is suitable to determine the similarity of heterogeneous PCN populations for studies on their temporal change and spread.
Optimisation of a species-specific primer set to quantify the soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines, in soil using real-time PCR
Authors: Shirai Sayo , Toyota Koki 
Published: July 2019

Summary
We previously reported a real-time PCR primer set (SCN) that is specific to the soybean cyst nematode Heterodera glycines, a major nematode pest in soybean production in Japan. However, the primer set also amplified the related species H. trifolii and H. schachtii, whose presence was recently reported in Japan. The objective of this study was to optimise a primer set to be more specific for quantification of H. glycines. The newly optimised primer set (SCNnew) amplified H. trifolii and H. schachtii at amplification efficiencies less than 1% of H. glycines. Surveys for H. glycines in different green soybean fields in Japan demonstrated that most fields judged to contain low densities of H. glycines based on the SCN primer set were not actually infested with H. glycines. The SCNnew primer set quantifies H. glycines in soil more precisely.
Fever in the Perspective of Hadith and Malay Medical Manuscript: an Analysis on Kitab Bermacam-Macam Khasiat
Authors: Fauzi Nurulwahidah , Ahmad Khadher , Kamaruzaman Wan Noor Azila Binti Wan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Fever is one of the body’s natural responses to any virus or bacterial infection. In the hadith, fever is described as being a compassionate spark made from fire, proof of which is that fever is caused by body heat. Using both inductive and deductive methodologies, this article seeks to provide a comparative examination of fever from the perspective both of hadith and of the discussions contained within a Malay medical text. This study, on the sources of al-Kutub al-sitta, has found that there are nine hadiths that expound on fever and its treatment, and that these can be divided into two main types: [1] those that view fever as a disease and then show the most suitable methods for treatment, including treatment techniques, the reading of appropriate ruqya, and the most suitable materials for so doing; and [2] those that present fever as being the eternal removal of sin by Allah. On the other hand, the Malay medical manuscript Kitab Bermacam-Macam Khasiat explains fever and its various types, how to treat fever using herbs, and its use as a means for healing. From the similarities between the hadith that are discussed here and the Malay medical text, it can be seen that the primary means for treating fever is through the use of water. In terms of medical philosophy, the Prophet SAW gave and emphasised a single-compound treatment method, whereas Malay medical manuscripts place more emphasis on mixed-compound treatments. In order to explain the hadith, our analysis has found that it is suggested that prayers or specific ruqya in which our submission of hope to Allah are employed, while Malay medical manuscripts help highlight the experience and knowledge of herbal remedies within the community and how such treatments have been passed from one generation to the next.
Physical activity during school recess: A missed opportunity to be active?
Authors: Tercedor Pablo , Segura-Jiménez Víctor , Ávila García Manuel , Huertas-Delgado Francisco Javier 
Published: July 2019

Objective: The goals of this study were to (1) describe physical activity levels during school recess in 8-year-old children, (2) analyse the percentage of children who achieved physical activity recommendation at recess, and (3) examine if recess physical activity levels varied by gender, weight status, and parental educational level. Methods: In all, 291 children (mean age ±  SD = 8.3 ± 0.3 years, 156 boys) from 7 schools of Granada (Spain) were recruited by convenience. To analyse sedentary time and physical activity levels during recess, children wore a tri-axial accelerometer attached to the wrist over five consecutive school days. Results: Sedentary time (29.6% vs 40%) and light physical activity (33.2% vs 35.5%) were lower in boys than in girls (all p < .001). Conversely, moderate physical activity (26.7% vs 20%), vigorous physical activity (10.5% vs 4.4%) and moderate-vigorous physical activity (37.2% vs 24.4%) were higher in boys than in girls (all p < .001). Only 12% of the children accomplished the moderate-vigorous physical activity recommendations during recess (21.2% boys vs 1.5% girls). Lower body mass index values were associated with higher vigorous physical activity intensity. Conclusions: Levels of moderate-vigorous physical activity during school recess are very low in children, being lower in girls than in boys, a very low percentage of children achieve moderate-vigorous physical activity recommendations during school recess, and girls and overweight/obese children show lower values in moderate-vigorous and vigorous physical activity.
Sexual health education for adolescents with developmental disabilities
Authors: Murray B Lee 
Published: July 2019

Background: While statistics related to the sexual abuse of people with developmental disabilities are alarming, there remains a gap in the services and supports available to promote sexual health and healthy relationships and prevent sexual abuse of this population. Objective: To develop and deliver a sexual health education programme for adolescents with developmental disabilities and to identify the reactions and perceptions of students, teachers and parents involved in the programme. Methods: Using an interprofessional collaborative community development model, we developed and delivered a sexual health programme to young people aged 16–21 years with developmental disabilities in five Saskatchewan, Canada high schools. The project adapted, modified and administered the Canadian Red Cross RespectED questionnaires to all participants following the programme to allow for the identification and implementation of best practices with regard to the project’s future operation. Results: Data collected from the feedback and comments were summarised, and major concepts were identified. The information gathered identified meaningful educational experiences for students, their parents and teachers. Conclusion: Project findings reinforce the importance of sexual health education for people with developmental disabilities to increase opportunities for healthy sexual relationships and intimacy, to promote positive sexual identities and to decrease the risk of sexual victimisation.
The Significant Role of the Australia Acts in Australian Public Law
Authors: Boyle Liam 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe Australia Acts accomplished more than symbolic change. They brought about a super-structural change to Australian constitutional law, and shortly afterwards a fundamental change to the public law jurisprudence in Australia emerged. This article presents an argument that these changes are inextricably intertwined and that the Australia Acts provided a significant catalyst and a tipping point for fundamental change to the Australian legal system.
“Cannot see? Use your strengths!” A randomized controlled trial of strengths intervention for improving self-esteem among visually impaired individuals
Authors: Matsuguma Shinichiro , Kawashima Motoko , Sano Fumiya , Tsubota Kazuo 
Published: July 2019

Objective: To evaluate the association between strengths use and self-esteem among visually impaired individuals in Study 1 and reveal the causal effect of a strengths intervention in Study 2. Design: A prospective cross-sectional design in Study 1 and a randomized controlled, open-label, parallel-group comparative design in Study 2. Setting: Several welfare institutions for visually impaired individuals in the Kanto area of Japan. Subjects: In Study 1, 59 participants with visual impairments (mean age = 49.34 ± 4.89 years, range = 22–82 years) were recruited. In Study 2, participants (mean age = 41.36 ± 12.09 years, range = 22–61 years) were recruited and randomly assigned to an intervention ( n = 11) or wait-list control group ( n = 11). Intervention: A strengths intervention was performed in Study 2. Main measures: In Study 1, we examined the association between Strengths Use Scale and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale scores. In Study 2, the primary outcome was the difference in change in Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale scores from baseline to one-month follow-up between the groups. Results: In Study 1, simple and multiple regression analyses revealed that the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale score was significantly associated with the Strengths Use Scale score (β = 0.60, P < 0.001; β = 0.55, P < 0.001, respectively). In Study 2, we found a significant between-groups difference in the improvement in Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale scores from baseline to one-month follow-up ( F(1, 19) = 18.61, P < 0.001). Conclusion: Utilizing psychological strengths might improve self-esteem among visually impaired individuals.
Epidemiology and Video Analysis of Achilles Tendon Ruptures in the National Basketball Association
Authors: Lemme Nicholas J. , Li Neill Y. , Kleiner Justin E. , Tan Sydney , DeFroda Steven F. , Owens Brett D. 
Published: July 2019

Background: There is a paucity of literature regarding risk factors and mechanisms of Achilles tendon (AT) ruptures in the National Basketball Association (NBA). Purpose: To identify the risk factors and outcomes of AT ruptures in NBA athletes. Furthermore, using video analysis, to characterize the mechanisms of rupture by identifying the most common playing situations and lower extremity positions at the time of injury. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: AT ruptures in the NBA that occurred between the seasons of 1969-1970 and 2017-2018 were identified. Player data collected included age, position, body mass index, total games started before and after injury, and Player Efficiency Rating. Injury-related variables collected included date of injury, laterality, minutes played before injury, operative versus nonoperative treatment, and time to return to play. Available video footage was analyzed for the mechanism and body position at the time of injury. Univariable and multivariable linear regression was used to compare changes in performance before and after AT rupture. Statistical significance was set at P < .05. Results: Forty-four ruptures were identified between 1970 and 2018. The mean age was 28.3 years, with players averaging 6.8 seasons before AT rupture. AT ruptures were most prevalent during early-season game play (27.3%), followed by preseason (18.2%) and late season (18.2%). More than a third (36.8%) of players either did not return to play or started in fewer than 10 games in the remainder of their career, with 21% of ruptures leading to retirement. The mean time to return to play was 10.5 months. The Player Efficiency Rating declined by an average of 2.9 points (range, –11.5 to +2.3) ( P < .001). Analysis of available injury footage (n = 12) demonstrated all ruptures to be noncontact in nature, most commonly occurring just before takeoff as the player began to push off from a stopped position, with the foot in dorsiflexion, the knee in early flexion, and the hip in extension. Conclusion: In the NBA, a majority of AT ruptures occur early in the season, in veteran players, with almost half not returning to play or starting fewer than 10 games in the remainder of their career. The most common mechanism of injury is taking off from a stopped position just before toe-off in a dorsiflexed foot.
Sibling Child Protective Services Involvement Following a Child Maltreatment Fatality
Authors: Corlis McKenna , Damashek Amy , Meister Kate , Richardson Hilary , Bonner Barbara 
Published: July 2019

Each year in the United States, approximately 1,720 children die from a child maltreatment fatality (CMF). Although many of these children are survived by siblings, few studies have examined the child protective service (CPS) involvement of these siblings. Objective: This study examined CPS involvement of children surviving the CMF of a sibling as well as predictors of subsequent CPS reports. Method: Department of Human Services and Child Death Review Board data about children who died from a CMF during 1993–2003 ( n = 416) and their siblings in the state of Oklahoma were used to examine CPS involvement and predictors of subsequent CPS reports for surviving siblings. Results: Surviving siblings of a victim of a CMF experienced substantial CPS involvement; 81% of the original victims had siblings who were subsequently reported to CPS ( n = 1,840). Original victim and family characteristics that predicted a greater rate of siblings’ subsequent reports to CPS included younger original victim age, greater number of children in the original victim’s home, and more previous reports of the original victim to CPS. Discussion: A large portion of families with a CMF struggle to adequately care for their surviving children. Such families may need additional support after a CMF.
One vs two negative fungal cultures to confirm mycological cure in shelter cats treated for Microsporum canis dermatophytosis: a retrospective study
Authors: Stuntebeck Rebecca L , Moriello Karen A 
Published: July 2019

Objectives The aim of this study was to determine how often one negative fungal culture (FC) was indicative of mycological cure (MC) when compared with two negative consecutive FCs in cats treated for Microsporum canis dermatophytosis. Methods In this retrospective study, weekly FC data from shelter cats treated for M canis dermatophytosis were reviewed. Results Complete records from 371 cats were reviewed. The first negative FC was indicative of MC in 335 (90.3%) cats. In this group, all cats were otherwise healthy and either had obvious lesions (n = 237) or no lesions or evidence of resolving lesions (n = 98). In the 36 cats in which the first negative culture was not indicative of MC, there were two clinical subgroups. The first consisted of healthy but lesional cats (n = 19) that had one negative FC within the first 3 weeks of treatment followed by one or more positive FCs. The most likely explanation was sampling error. These cats went on to cure and the next negative FC was indicative of MC. In the second clinical group, cats were lesional but had concurrent medical problems (n = 17). These cats showed an initial good response to treatment (lesion resolution and an initial negative FC). However, this negative FC was followed by at least one strongly positive FC (>10 colony-forming units/plate) before proceeding to cure. These cats took the longest time to cure (mean 11 weeks; range 8–28 weeks). MC occurred after resolution of the concurrent health issues. There was very good agreement between using one negative FC vs two negative FCs for the determination of MC in healthy cats (kappa = 0.903) Conclusions and relevance In cats where there has been high compliance with environmental cleaning, as well as topical and systemic treatment recommendations, two consecutive negative FCs may not be necessary to determine MC. The first negative FC in an otherwise healthy cat is likely indicative of MC. Good sampling technique is needed to avoid false-negative FC results.
Subclinical Foveal Vasculopathy in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
Authors: Shah Chirag , Gabriel Rami , Kedhar Sanjay , Kuppermann Baruch , Mehta Mitul 
Published: July 2019

Purpose: This article identifies subclinical microvascular changes in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients using vascular perfusion densities derived from optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Methods: A retrospective review was performed on individuals with SLE (10 eyes of 5 patients) and age-matched controls imaged with a spectral-domain OCT system (XR Avanti, Optovue, Inc). A split-spectrum amplitude-decorrelation algorithm (SSADA) generated OCTA of the superficial retinal capillaries, deep retinal capillaries, and foveal avascular zone (FAZ). Skeletonized OCTAs were used to create capillary vessel density (VD) values for each image. VD values were compared with clinical staging, and groups were compared using Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney tests. Results: Both the superficial (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) had a statistically significant decrease in VD in the SLE group when compared with the control group ( P < .05). The average VD ± SD for normal individuals in the 3 mm × 3 mm scans was 26.11 ± 1.2 and 37.45 ± 1.8 for the SCP and DCP, respectively. For SLE patients the mean ± SD was 18.46 ± 0.84 and 30.22 ± 1.5 for SCP and DCP, respectively. The mean FAZ was found to be 0.207 mm ± 0.02 for healthy controls and 0.350 mm ± 0.02 for SLE patients ( P < .001). Conclusions: In this paper we demonstrate a significantly enlarged FAZ and decreased VD in a small sample of patients with lupus. The SCP VD demonstrated a dose-response–type negative relationship with increased systemic lupus severity. Larger-sample, prospective studies may allow us to further characterize subclinical SLE pathology with OCTA, and OCTA may further provide a means for monitoring the severity or progression of other microvascular diseases.
Subcutaneous delivery of daratumumab in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma
Authors: Usmani Saad Z. , Nahi Hareth , Mateos Maria-Victoria , van de Donk Niels W. C. J. , Chari Ajai , Kaufman Jonathan L. , Moreau Philippe , Oriol Albert , Plesner Torben , Benboubker Lotfi , Hellemans Peter , Masterson Tara , Clemens Pamela L. , Luo Man , Liu Kevin , San-Miguel Jesus 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Daratumumab, a human monoclonal antibody targeting CD38, is approved as monotherapy and in combination regimens for patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Currently, daratumumab is administered IV. The phase 1b PAVO (MMY1004) study evaluated subcutaneously administered daratumumab in combination with the recombinant human hyaluronidase PH20 enzyme (rHuPH20) in patients with relapsed or refractory MM. Part 1 of the study, reported here, evaluated a mix-and-deliver (MD) formulation of daratumumab and rHuPH20 (DARA-MD) administered by subcutaneous infusion. Patients received subcutaneous daratumumab according to the approved IV monotherapy dosing schedule at 1200 mg (n = 8) or 1800 mg (n = 45). Primary end points were safety and pharmacokinetic (PK) variables. The most common treatment-emergent adverse events with DARA-MD 1200 mg were thrombocytopenia, upper respiratory tract infection, insomnia, and decreased appetite (37.5% each). Anemia (33.3%), upper respiratory tract infection, pyrexia, and diarrhea (26.7% each) were the most common treatment-emergent adverse events with DARA-MD 1800 mg. One patient in the 1200-mg dose group (12.5%) and 11 patients in the 1800-mg dose group (24.4%) experienced infusion-related reactions, which were generally grade 1/2 and typically occurred at the first infusion. The 1800 mg dose achieved similar or greater serum concentrations compared with the 16 mg/kg IV dose. Overall response rates of 25.0% and 42.2% were achieved with 1200-mg and 1800-mg DARA-MD, respectively. Subcutaneous administration of DARA-MD was well tolerated in patients with relapsed or refractory MM, with the 1800-mg dose exhibiting PK concentrations and responses consistent with IV daratumumab in a similar patient population. This study was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT02519452.