bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of high‐intensity interval training and moderate‐intensity continuous training on cardiopulmonary function, cardiac autonomic function and vascular function in adolescent boys with obesity: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Su Zheng‐yu , Yu Wei‐liang , Yan Zhi‐wei , Ding Duo‐duo , Fang Chang‐chang , Luo Qing‐lu , Liu Xiao , Cao Lian‐Zhong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAdolescent obesity can impair cardiopulmonary function, vascular elasticity, endothelial function, and vago‐sympathetic balance. While moderate‐intensity continuous training (MICT) benefits cardiovascular health in obese adolescents, the effects of high‐intensity interval training (HIIT) are less understood. We hypothesize that HIIT may be more effective than MICT in improving VO2peak, vascular elasticity, endothelial function, and vago‐sympathetic balance in obese adolescent boys. Forty four participants were randomly assigned to the HIIT (10 × 1‐min at 85%–95% peak HR, intersperse with 2‐min active recovery at 60%–70% peak HR) or MICT (35 min at 65%–75% peak HR) for an 8‐week program. The primary outcome measured was the change in VO2peak with secondary outcomes including brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), flow‐mediated dilation (FMD), and heart rate variability (HRV). Forty four adolescent boys with obesity (age, 14 ± 1 years old, body mass index, 31.6 ± 1.3 kg/m2) were enrolled and 43 (97.73%) completed the 8‐week exercise. No significant difference of VO2peak was found between the HIIT and MICT group (p = 0.243). There was no significant difference of baPWV between the groups (p = 0.789). Change in FMD% was significantly higher in the HIIT group compared to the MICT group (p < 0.001). The Change in HRV‐high frequency (HRV‐HF; p = 0.009) and HRV‐low frequency/high frequency (HRV‐LF/HF; p = 0.035) was significantly higher in the HIIT group compared to the MICT group. Among adolescent boys with obesity, 8‐week HIIT and MICT had similar effects on improving VO2peak. HIIT may be superior to MICT to improve endothelial function and vago‐sympathetic balance.
Utilisation of New Zealand Rugby's concussion management pathway: A mixed methods investigation
Authors: Salmon Danielle M. , Badenhorst Marelise , Keung Sierra , Kerr Zachary Yukio , Register‐Mihalik Johna K. , Romanchuk Janelle , Sullivan S. John , Sutherland Christina , Whatman Chris , Walters Simon R. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractConcerns around concussion highlight the need for strategies to improve the implementation and translation of concussion guidelines in community sports. This study assessed players' utilisation and compliance with New Zealand Rugby's Concussion Management Pathway (CMP). This pragmatic, mixed methods study comprised of concussion injury surveillance and mapping of players' healthcare touchpoints through the CMP. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted to understand stakeholders' experiences. Over the season, 27 different healthcare pathways were identified with 28% of players progressing through all phases of the CMP (ideal pathway). Of the 206 suspected concussions reported over the season, 70% were logged in the CMP phone App, and 89% of these had an associated valid baseline concussion assessment. Prior to returning to contact training, 64% of players obtained a medical clearance. One theme, ‘belief in the value of pathway’ was identified as a facilitator across all CMP components. Themes such as ‘concussion knowledge and the nature of concussion’; ‘communication between stakeholders and sufficient information on the process’; and ‘strong relationships and clarity around responsibilities’ were identified as facilitators across several pathway components. Other facilitators included ‘ease and timing of general practitioner access’; ‘the phone App as facilitator to logging’; and ‘spotting for concussion as a team’. Additionally, the findings signify baseline testing as a potential pre‐cursor to overall CMP compliance. Strategies that support the facilitators identified in this study may further enhance compliance.
Spike and Slab Regression for Nonstationary Gaussian Linear Mixed Effects Modeling of Rapid Disease Progression
Authors: Gecili Emrah , Brokamp Cole , Asar Özgür , Andrinopoulou Eleni‐Rosalina , Brewington John J. , Szczesniak Rhonda D. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTSelect measures of social and environmental determinants of health (referred to as “geomarkers”), predict rapid lung function decline in cystic fibrosis (CF), defined as a prolonged decline relative to patient and/or center‐level norms. The extent to which hyper‐localization, defined as increasing the spatiotemporal precision of geomarkers, aids in prediction of rapid lung decline remains unclear. Linear mixed effects (LME) models with specialized covariance functions have been used for predicting rapid lung function decline, but there are few options to properly incorporate spatial correlation into the covariance functions while inducing simultaneous variable selection. Our innovative Bayesian model uses a spike and slab prior for simultaneous variable selection and offers additional advantages when coupled with nonstationary Gaussian LME modeling. This model also incorporates spatial correlation through an additional random effect term that accounts for spatial correlation based on ZIP code distances. We validated the model with simulations and applied it to real CF data from a Midwestern CF Center. We demonstrate how a combination of demographic, clinical, and geomarker variables can be selected as optimal predictors using Bayesian false discovery rate controlling rule. Our results indicate that incorporating spatiotemporal effects and geomarkers into this novel Bayesian stochastic LME model enhances the dynamic prediction of rapid CF disease progression.
Chemical analysis and concentrations of cannabidiol substances used for refractory epilepsy in Chilean patients. An underestimated worldwide risk
Authors: Ríos‐Pohl Loreto , Franco Macarena , Navea Daniel , Venegas Viviana , Cerda Tomás 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to analyze composition of HMS (homemade CBD), NLS (non‐licensed commercial products), and bioequivalent CBD (BES) collected from Chilean patients that voluntary accepted to analyze the “CBD‐substance.”MethodsSamples were collected through an open invitation for different patients to anonymously and free of charge participate in the analysis of CBD oil. The analysis of the active principle was performed using High‐Resolution Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).ResultsA total of 35 samples were collected between March 2020 and September 2021, including two BES, six NLS, and 27 HMS products.The BES had an average CBD concentration of 89.15 mg/mL and an average THC concentration of 0.015 mg/mL, which complied with the maximum THC levels required by regulatory authorities (<0.2% THC.).The NLS (six samples) exhibited significant variability in CBD concentrations, ranging from a maximum of 78.5 mg/mL to a minimum of 0.1 mg/mL, with an average of 25.41 mg/mL. The THC concentrations ranged from 0 mg/mL to 2.43 mg/mL with an average of 0.62 mg/mL.The HMS products exhibited even higher variations of CBD concentrations, ranging from 0 to a maximum of 6.6 mg/mL. THC concentrations were even more variable, ranging from 0 mg/mL to 388 mg/mL.SignificanceThe medical community and patients involved should be aware that Hemp products are not pure and/or innocuous. HMS are likely to have high levels of THC and very low CBD, far away from therapeutic doses of CBD. CBD used in epilepsy should be restricted to licensed products, especially in children where THC toxicity is much more harmful.Plain Language SummaryThe study analyzed three types of CBD (cannabidiol) oils: homemade, non‐licensed, and bioequivalent. Homemade and non‐licensed products showed nonacceptable variance of CBD and THC concentration (tetrahydrocannabinol), in some cases with 0 mgs of CBD and many beyond THC maximum accepted. The THC is another component found in cannabis and is responsible for the neurotoxic effects. Only bioequivalent products showed concentrations of CBD and THC acceptable for epilepsy treatment, therefore are the only products recommended for such purpose.
Monitoring of thermal conditions and snow dynamics at periglacial block accumulations in a low mountain range in central Germany
Authors: Wiegand Tim , Kneisel Christof 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe Rhoen Mountains, a relict periglacial landscape in central Germany, feature a wide range of openwork block accumulations. Although located in a temperate climate, those have characteristics comparable with cold regions of higher altitude or latitude such as arctic‐alpine species, longer lasting snow patches or the discussed existence of summer or even year‐round ice lenses in one of the largest of these landforms in the Central German Uplands. This study aims for a characterization of the microclimatic conditions of two neighbouring block accumulations. Therefore, temperatures were registered by data loggers along profiles, and snow dynamics were monitored using time‐lapse cameras and terrestrial laser scans. These observations are finally compared with geophysical measurements to address the question of potential isolated low‐altitude permafrost occurrences. Mean ground surface temperatures show an inverse thermal gradient along the Schafstein block accumulation. Furrows were identified as the cold spots in winter, whereas snow melt holes are signs of a chimney effect. In summer, cold air flows out at ventilation holes along the front causing temperatures of up to 25°C below air temperatures, although no clear signs of permafrost were detected. Temperature correlations reveal periods indicative of a recurring internal summer air circulation. Coarse blocky substrate also favours ground cooling of the smaller Mathesberg block accumulation compared with its surroundings. Winter temperatures are influenced by a persistent snowbank forming due to drifting and blowing snow at the leeward edge of a plateau as little amounts of snow are sufficient to be redistributed by westerlies. The prolonged melt of the snowbank might have had or still has a local hydrological and geomorphological impact. Uncertainties remain regarding the behaviour of the microclimate of block accumulations in a warming climate. Being ‘cold spots’ of high ecological value further investigations are suggested.
Long‐Term Estimation of SoH Using Cascaded LSTM‐RNN for Lithium Batteries Subjected to Aging and Accelerated Degradation
Authors: Bharath Y. K. , Anandu V. P. , Vinatha U. , Sudeep Shetty 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAccurate estimation of state of health (SoH) of the battery over long‐term is a critical challenge for the battery management systems in electric vehicles. This is due to the challenges in accurately modeling the accelerated aging and degradation phenomena caused by diverse operating conditions of the battery. This paper presents a cascaded recurrent neural networks (RNN) with long short‐term memory (LSTM) to estimate the internal resistance and SoH, taking account of various abnormal operating conditions of the battery. A datasheet‐based degradation model of the battery is developed using fade equations. The training and validation data set for LSTM‐RNN are generated by subjecting the battery model to various factors that cause accelerated degradation, such as fast charging, varying operating temperatures, overutilization, and cell imbalance. The cascaded LSTM‐RNN is trained to estimate SoH only once after the completion of every charge–discharge cycle. The training error index parameters of the proposed SoH estimator are well within 1%, demonstrating the reliability and robustness of the estimator to diverse operating conditions of the battery.
A Deep Learning Dependent Controller for Advanced Ultracapacitor SoC Concept to Increase Battery Life Span of Electric Vehicles
Authors: Kumar Vijay , Jain Vaibhav 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTOn a global scale, significant progress is being made in the field of battery technology for Electric Vehicle (EV) applications, driven by the need to combat carbon emissions and mitigate the effects of global warming. Accurately determining critical parameters, making sure battery storage system diagnosis, and functioning are correct are critical to the feasibility of EVs. However, insufficient supervision and safety measures for these storage systems may lead to serious problems like a thermal runaway, overcharging, overheating, cell imbalances, and fire hazards. To tackle these challenges, the presence of an efficient battery management system becomes paramount. By facilitating accurate monitoring, managing heat dissipation, regulating charging‐discharging procedures, guaranteeing battery safety, and offering protection measures, this system is essential to maximizing battery performance. The key intention of this innovative approach is to improve the longevity of EV batteries during extended periods of operation. By assessing vehicle velocity, remaining battery energy, and State of Charge (SoC), the proposed method effectively manages SoC in both the battery and ultracapacitor. This control is accomplished through a two‐stage convolutional neural network‐based system known as the Charge Sustain‐CNN Controller and the Charge Deplete‐CNN Controller. These controllers are fine‐tuned using the Fractional Latrans‐Hunt optimization (FLHO) algorithm to optimize the performance. The evaluation criteria encompass the battery and ultracapacitor's energy efficiency, as well as vehicle velocity. This novel approach significantly improves the energy storage system in EVs, leading to enhanced energy efficiency and prolonged battery life. Ultimately, experimental results validate the practicality and effectiveness of this developed method. Specifically, the proposed approach attained the Battery's SoC of 72.47%, 91.99%, and 82.88% for the different drive cycles including the FTP75, J1015, and UDDS, respectively.
Highly Efficient Water and Nitrogen Application Strategies for Maintaining Summer Maize Yield in the North China Plain During Future Drought Years
Authors: Wang Zheng , Cheng Changxiu 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTFuture frequent droughts threaten summer maize production in the North China Plain (NCP). A proper combination of irrigation and nitrogen (N) application can improve water and N use efficiency while maintaining summer maize yield. However, the optimal irrigation and N application strategies (OINASs) for summer maize during future drought years in the NCP require further exploration. This study applied the DSSAT‐CERES‐Maize model to investigate OINASs for summer maize for all drought years during 2021–2050 under three shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP1‐2.6, SSP2‐4.5, and SSP5‐8.5). The performance of the OINASs was subsequently evaluated against no irrigation and N application (CK) condition and a conventional irrigation and N application strategy (CINAS). The results highlight the following: (1) For all drought years under the three SSP scenarios, the base fertilizer rate should be 60 kg/hm2, after that the irrigation and N application are required during the jointing and heading periods. Under the SSP1‐2.6 scenario, the average values of irrigation and N application during each earlier period are 35.5 mm and 22 kg/hm2. Under the SSP2‐4.5 and SSP5‐8.5 scenarios, the average values are (34.5 mm, 23 kg/hm2) and (47.5 mm, 18 kg/hm2). (2) Under all SSP scenarios, the optimal irrigation amounts and N application rates are much lower than those under the CINAS. After applying OINASs for summer maize, an average of 1.16–1.22 billion kg of N and 2.98–5.19 billion m3 of freshwater will be saved per future drought year in the NCP. (3) Under all SSP scenarios, the summer maize yields under the OINASs are slightly and significantly greater than those under the CINAS and CK conditions. Moreover, both water and N use efficiencies improved under the OINASs compared with those under the CINAS, with more significant improvements in N use efficiency. The OINASs provide a practical way to ensure food security and environmental sustainability.
Perceptions on American Fisheries Society Membership and Recommendations for Action Based on 2022 Survey Results
Authors: Croteau Amanda , Flaherty-Walia Kerry , Raabe Joshua , Cushman Susan , Earley Laurie , Archer Abigail , Cassidy Dan , Kotche Kelly 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A survey was conducted in 2022 to identify current perceptions and preferences regarding the value of AFS membership and its associated benefits, to assess the effectiveness of AFS initiatives and communication efforts, to provide insight into the role of AFS in career development, and to document motivations for membership in other societies. The membership survey included participation from current AFS members as well as nonmembers with interests in the fisheries profession. We conducted an analysis of the 2,285 survey respondents, where the goal of the analysis was to identify global trends among all respondents as a means to improve the overall experience for society members through value-added membership benefits and initiatives. For the purposes of this analysis, survey questions that specifically addressed membership benefits or membership retention were evaluated. Most of the survey questions evaluated in this analysis included an option to provide comments that were also compiled and assessed for recurring trends. Similar to previous membership surveys, high membership and meeting registration fees were frequently cited as a possible limitation or barrier to retaining and recruiting members. Survey respondents indicated that a higher value of membership appreciation could be achieved through better communication of benefits and efforts to encourage employers to support membership and certification. Recommendations were developed from the survey responses and some have already been implemented by the Membership Committee through an Action Plan. These recommendations will be used to guide future actions to increase membership, to enhance current membership benefits, and to serve as a framework to focus and refine future actions that will be considered by the Membership Committee on behalf of AFS.
Numerische Ermittlung von Baugrundschwingungen bei dynamisch belasteten Fundamenten: Empfehlungen zur Modellierung
Authors: Schepers Winfried , Brinkgreve Ronald B. J. , Holtzendorff Kira , Wegener Dirk , Appel Silke , Efthymiou Georgia , Krajewski Wolfgang , Machaček Jan , Meier Thomas , Nseir Bashar , Rangelow Peter , Schmitt Jürgen , Staubach Patrick , Vrettos Christos 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn der Praxis tätige geotechnisch Planende kommen in zunehmendem Maße mit dynamischen Fragestellungen in Berührung. Hersteller von geotechnischer Berechnungssoftware haben entsprechend ihre ursprünglich für statische Aufgabenstellungen konzipierten Produkte um die Möglichkeit zur Lösung von Wellenausbreitungsproblemen im Baugrund erweitert. Den Anwendern fehlt aber häufig die notwendige Erfahrung zur Durchführung dieser Art von numerischen Berechnungen. Die Arbeitskreise 1.4 „Baugrunddynamik“ und 1.6 „Numerik in der Geotechnik“ der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geotechnik (DGGT) haben diese Entwicklung aufgegriffen und einen gemeinsamen Unterarbeitskreis „Numerik in der Baugrunddynamik“ gegründet. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt die aktuellen Ergebnisse der Arbeit des Unterarbeitskreises vor und fasst die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse in Form von Empfehlungen zusammen.
Oligodendrocyte Slc48a1 (Hrg1) encodes a functional heme transporter required for myelin integrity
Authors: Stockley John H. , Vaquie Adrien M. , Xu Zhaoyang , Bartels Theresa , Jordan Gregory D. , Holmqvist Staffan , Gunter Simon , Lam Guy , Yamamoto Daniel , Pek Rini H. , Chambers Ian G. , Rock Andrew S. , Hill Myfanwy , Zhao Chao , Dillon Scott , Franklin Robin J. M. , O'Connor Rosemary , Bodine David M. , Hamza Iqbal , Rowitch David H. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOligodendrocytes (OLs) of the central nervous system require iron for proteolipid biosynthesis during the myelination process. Although most heme is found complexed to hemoglobin in red blood cells, surprisingly, we found that Slc48a1, encoding the heme transporter Hrg1, is expressed at higher levels in OLs than any other cell type in rodent and humans. We confirmed in situ that Hrg1 is expressed in OLs but not their precursors (OPCs) and found that Hrg1 proteins in CNS white matter co‐localized within myelin sheaths. In older Hrg1 null mutant mice we observed reduced expression of myelin associated glycoprotein (Mag) and ultrastructural myelin defects reminiscent of Mag‐null animals, suggesting myelin adhesion deficiency. Further, we confirmed reduced myelin iron levels in Hrg1 null animals in vivo, and show that OLs in vitro can directly import both the fluorescent heme analogue ZnMP and heme itself, which rescued iron deficiency induced inhibition of OL differentiation in a heme‐oxidase‐dependent manner. Together these findings indicate OL Hrg1 encodes a functional heme transporter required for myelin integrity.
Horizontal inequity in the use of mental healthcare in Australia
Authors: Black Nicole , Johnston David W. , Knapp Martin , Shields Michael A. , Wong Gloria H. Y. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFor people experiencing mental health problems, timely access to high‐quality healthcare is imperative for improving outcomes. However, limited availability of services, high out‐of‐pocket costs, insufficient health literacy and stigmatizing attitudes may mean people do not receive the necessary treatment. We analyze Australian longitudinal data to document the extent and predictors of horizontal inequity in mental healthcare use among people with a newly developed mild or moderate mental disorder. Importantly, we compare people with similar health, residing in the same area, thus controlling for differences in healthcare needs and availability of services. Results suggest that mental healthcare use is not significantly associated with household income or financial hardship. In contrast, we find significant inequities by educational attainment, with university graduates around 50% more likely to receive mental healthcare than high‐school dropouts. These findings are robust across subsamples and alternative modeling approaches, including panel data models with individual fixed‐effects. Additional explorations of the education gradient suggest a potential pathway through mental health‐specific knowledge and attitudes.