bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MINDY1 Is a Downstream Target of the Polyamines and Promotes Embryonic Stem Cell Self-Renewal
Authors: James Christina , Zhao Tian Yun , Rahim Anisa , Saxena Parul , Muthalif Nazreen Abdul , Uemura Takeshi , Tsuneyoshi Norihiro , Ong Sheena , Igarashi Kazuei , Lim Chin Yan , Dunn Norris Ray , Vardy Leah A. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Embryonic stem cells have the ability to self-renew or differentiate and these processes are under tight control. We previously reported that the polyamine regulator AMD1 is critical for embryonic stem cell self-renewal. The polyamines putrescine, spermidine, and spermine are essential organic cations that play a role in a wide array of cellular processes. Here, we explore the essential role of the polyamines in the promotion of self-renewal and identify a new stem cell regulator that acts downstream of the polyamines: MINDY1. MINDY1 protein levels are high in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and are dependent on high polyamine levels. Overexpression of MINDY1 can promote ESC self-renewal in the absence of the usually essential cytokine Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF). MINDY1 protein is prenylated and this modification is required for its ability to promote self-renewal. We go on to show that Mindy1 RNA is targeted for repression by mir-710 during Neural Precursor cell differentiation. Taken together, these data demonstrate that high polyamine levels are required for ESC self-renewal and that they function, in part, through promotion of high MINDY1 levels.
Medium‐chain triglycerides supplement therapy with a low‐carbohydrate formula can supply energy and enhance ammonia detoxification in the hepatocytes of patients with adult–onset type II citrullinemia
Authors: Hayasaka Kiyoshi , Numakura Chikahiko , Yamakawa Mitsunori , Mitsui Tetsuo , Watanabe Hisayoshi , Haga Hiroaki , Yazaki Masahide , Ohira Hiromasa , Ochiai Yasuo , Tahara Toshiyuki , Nakahara Tamio , Yamashiki Noriyo , Nakayama Takahiro , Kon Takashi , Mitsubuchi Hiroshi , Yoshida Hiroshi 
Published: April 2018

AbstractCitrin, encoded by SLC25A13, constitutes the malate‐aspartate shuttle, the main NADH‐shuttle in the liver. Citrin deficiency causes neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis (NICCD) and adult–onset type II citrullinemia (CTLN2). Citrin deficiency is predicted to impair hepatic glycolysis and de novo lipogenesis, resulting in hepatic energy deficit. Secondary decrease in hepatic argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS1) expression has been considered a cause of hyperammonemia in CTLN2. We previously reported that medium–chain triglyceride (MCT) supplement therapy with a low–carbohydrate formula was effective in CTLN2 to prevent a relapse of hyperammonemic encephalopathy. We present the therapy for six CTLN2 patients. All the patients’ general condition steadily improved and five patients with hyperammonemic encephalopathy recovered from unconsciousness in a few days. Before the treatment, plasma glutamine levels did not increase over the normal range and rather decreased to lower than the normal range in some patients. The treatment promptly decreased the blood ammonia level, which was accompanied by a decrease in plasma citrulline levels and an increase in plasma glutamine levels. These findings indicated that hyperammonemia was not only caused by the impairment of ureagenesis at ASS1 step, but was also associated with an impairment of glutamine synthetase (GS) ammonia‐detoxification system in the hepatocytes. There was no decrease in the GS expressing hepatocytes. MCT supplement with a low–carbohydrate formula can supply the energy and/or substrates for ASS1 and GS, and enhance ammonia detoxification in hepatocytes. Histological improvement in the hepatic steatosis and ASS1‐expression was also observed in a patient after long‐term treatment.
Clinicopathological analysis of 232 radicular cysts of the jawbone in a population of southern Taiwanese patients
Authors: Chen Jeng‐Huey , Tseng Chih‐Huang , Wang Wen‐Chen , Chen Ching‐Yi , Chuang Fu‐Hsiung , Chen Yuk‐Kwan 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis retrospective study aimed to evaluate the clinicopathological features of 232 cases of radicular cyst (January 2001–December 2016) submitted for histopathological examination to Department of Oral Pathology by endodontists in our institution. Demographic data including age, gender, affected site, involved tooth, and histopathological features, were reviewed. The study population comprised 133 females (57.3%) and 99 males (42.7%), with a mean age of 40.5 years and an age range of 13–78 years. Two‐hundred and one cysts occurred in the maxilla (86.7%) and 31 in the mandible (13.3%). Most cases involved the anterior teeth of the maxilla (67.2%). The most frequently‐involved tooth was the maxillary lateral incisor (50.5%). In most cases (228 cases; 98.3%), the cyst was lined with nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium, with two cases containing epithelial lining of the mucoepidermoid epithelium (0.9%) and respiratory epithelium (0.9%), respectively. One case (0.4%) revealed epithelial dysplasia of the epithelial lining. Hyaline body was seen in two cases (0.9%), and Rushton body was noted in seven cases (3.0%). Odontogenic epithelial rest was noted in one case (0.4%). Cholesterol clefts (54 cases; 23.3%), foamy histiocytes (72 cases; 31.0%), hemosiderins (57 cases; 24.6%), dystrophic calcifications (94 cases; 40.5%), foreign bodies (44 cases; 19.0%), and bacterial colonies (22 cases; 9.5%) were also observed. Fifty‐three cases (22.8%) showed a mixed acute and chronic inflammatory infiltrate, whereas chronic inflammatory infiltrate only was noted in 179 cases (77.2%). In summary, the current findings provide a valuable source for clinicopathological reference concerning radicular cysts of the jawbone.
The Incidence, Risk Factors, and Chronobiology of Acute Myocardial Infarction Ten Years After Hurricane Katrina
Authors: Moscona John C. , Peters Matthew N. , Maini Rohit , Katigbak Paul , Deere Bradley , Gonzales Holly , Westley Christopher , Baydoun Hassan , Yadav Kapil , Ters Patrick , Jabbar Ahmad , Boulad Alaa , Mahata Indrajeet , Gadiraju Taraka V. , Nelson Ryan , Srivastav Sudesh , Irimpen Anand 
Published: April 2018

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate the 10-year impact of Hurricane Katrina on the incidence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) along with contributing risk factors and any alteration in chronobiology of AMI.MethodsA single-center, retrospective, comparison study of AMI incidence was performed at Tulane University Health Sciences Center from 2 years before Hurricane Katrina to 10 years after Hurricane Katrina. A 6-year, pre-Katrina and 10-year, post-Katrina cohort were also compared according to pre-specified demographic, clinical, and chronobiological data.ResultsAMI incidence increased from 0.7% (150/21,079) to 2.8% (2,341/84,751) post-Katrina (P&lt;0.001). The post-Katrina cohort had higher rates of coronary artery disease (36.4% vs. 47.9%,P=0.01), diabetes mellitus (31.3% vs. 39.9%,P=0.04), hyperlipidemia (45.4% vs. 59.3%,P=0.005), smoking (34.4% vs. 53.8%,P&lt;0.001), drug abuse (10.2% vs. 15.4%,P=0.02), psychiatric illness (6.7% vs. 14.9%,P&lt;0.001), medication non-adherence (7.3% vs. 15.3%,P&lt;0.001), and lack of employment (7.2% vs. 16.4%,P&lt;0.001). The post-Katrina group had increased rates of AMI during nights (29.8% vs. 47.8%,P&lt;0.001) and weekends (16.1% vs. 29.1%,P&lt;0.001).ConclusionsEven 10 years after the storm, Hurricane Katrina continues to be associated with increased incidence of AMI, higher prevalence of traditional cardiovascular and psychosocial risk factors, and an altered chronobiology of AMI toward nights and weekends. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2019;13:217–222)
Patterns of intimate partner violence among perinatal women with depression symptoms in Khayelitsha, South Africa: a longitudinal analysis
Authors: Schneider M. , Baron E. , Davies T. , Munodawafa M. , Lund C. 
Published: April 2018

Background.A combination of intimate partner violence (IPV) and depression is a common feature of the perinatal period globally. Understanding this association can provide indications of how IPV can be addressed or prevented during pregnancy. This paper aims to determine the prevalence and correlates of IPV among pregnant low-income women with depressive symptoms in Khayelitsha, South Africa, and changes in IPV reports during the course of the perinatal period.Methods.This study is a secondary analysis of data collected as part of a randomised controlled trial testing a psychosocial intervention for antenatal depression. IPV, socio-demographic measures, depression and other mental health measures were collected at recruitment (first antenatal visit), 8 months gestation, and 3 and 12 months postpartum. IPV was defined as a sexual or physical violence perpetrated by the participant's partner in the past 3 months. Descriptive statistics are reported.Results.Of 425 recruited depressed participants, 59 (13.9%) reported IPV at baseline, with physical IPV being the most frequently reported (69.5%). Reported IPV was associated with greater emotional distress, potentially higher food insecurity and higher rates of alcohol abuse. There were clear longitudinal trends in reported IPV with the majority of women no longer reporting IPV postpartum. However, some women reported IPV at later assessment points after not reporting IPV at baseline.Conclusions.There is a strong association between IPV and depression in pregnancy. IPV reports remit over time for the women in this study, although the reason for this reduction is not clear and requires further investigation.
THE RIGHT TO RITUAL SLAUGHTER IN AFRICA: A COMPARATIVE CONSTITUTIONAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Nwauche Enyinna S. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractUsing examples of ritual slaughter recognized by different religions in Africa, this paper examines the regulated and unregulated exercise of the right to ritual slaughter as a manifestation of the right to freedom of religion in three constitutional traditions in Africa.This article commences with an evaluation of the existence of the right to ritual slaughter either as a freestanding right or a derivative right from the right to freedom of religion in the bills of rights of African constitutions. The article argues that the ritual slaughter at this stage of constitutional development in Africa is at best a derivative right partly anchored on the communal dimensions of the right to freedom of religion. The article closely examines the bearers and content of the right to ritual slaughter through a brief overview of the practices of ritual slaughter recognized by African traditional religion and Islam. In addition, the syncretic nature of religious practice in Africa identified as the multiple or concurrent witness to different faiths is also considered to provide a realistic account of ritual slaughter in Africa.Since the right to ritual slaughter is identified as a derivative right from the right to freedom of religion, the article examines different constitutional traditions in Africa to determine how religion is conceived in constitutional governance that in turn affects the feasibility of the right to ritual slaughter within constitutional designs and capacity of other public interests such as animal welfare to limit the exercise of the right to ritual slaughter.Three constitutional designs of the role of religion in constitutional governance are identified in this regard. The article concludes on a number of points, including the recognition of the importance of the articulation of the human rights that underpin animal welfare concerns and the fact that a regulated right to ritual slaughter appears feasible in a number of African countries.
A remarkable new genus and species of the planktonic shrimp family Luciferidae (Crustacea, Decapoda) from the Cretaceous (Aptian/Albian) of the Araripe Sedimentary Basin, Brazil
Authors: Saraiva Antônio Álamo Feitosa , Pinheiro Allysson Pontes , Santana William 
Published: April 2018

AbstractA new genus and species of the planktonic shrimp family Luciferidae,Sume marcosin. gen. n. sp., is described and illustrated from material collected in calcareous shale of the late Early Cretaceous (Aptian–Albian) Romualdo Formation, Araripe Basin, northeastern Brazil. The material is very well preserved, including the antennae, stalked eyes, second and third maxillipeds, pleopods, and uropods, and represents the first described fossil of the family Luciferidae.UUID:http://zoobank.org/fdf825b8-6fe9-42ae-8fc7-73c220eec03a
‘When you put the Group and the Running Together. . .’: A Qualitative Examination of Participant Experiences of the Canadian Run to Quit program
Authors: Glowacki K. , O'Neill M. , Priebe C.S. , Faulkner G. 
Published: April 2018

Introduction: Run to Quit is a national community-based program that combines smoking cessation support with physical activity through learn to run group-based curriculum, self-help and smoking cessation materials. The program is currently in a three-year scaling up phase.Aims: The aim of the current study is to explore participant experiences of the Run to Quit program after its first year, and identify potential areas of improvement for future iterations of the program.Methods: Participants (n = 55) were interviewed over the phone at the end of the 10-week program. Participant interviews were recorded and transcribed. A thematic analysis was conducted.Results/Findings: Participants were satisfied with the program. Strengths of the program were the group aspect, supervised participation and the running. Weaknesses were seen as the variability in walking and running abilities and inadequate engagement by the Smokers Helpline. Many people who successfully quit smoking reported using additional quit aids. Non-completers of the program gave mostly logistical and personal reasons for dropout.Conclusions: Overall, Run to Quit was well received by participants. Multiple health behaviour interventions at a scalable level appear feasible. Based on participant feedback, key recommendations to improve the program in the future include greater tailoring to walking or running preference, and increasing engagement with the Smokers Helpline.
The Marine Reservoir Effect on the Coast of Rio de Janeiro: Deriving ∆R Values from Fish Otoliths and Mollusk Shells
Authors: Macario Kita D , Alves Eduardo Q , Belém André Luiz , Aguilera Orangel , Bertucci Thayse , Tenório Maria Cristina , Oliveira Fabiana M , Chanca Ingrid S , Carvalho Carla , Souza Rosa , Scheel-Ybert Rita , Nascimento Gabriela S , Dias Fabio , Caon Julia 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTConsidering the impact of coastal dynamics on the radiocarbon (14C) marine reservoir effect (MRE), upwelling has the potential of enhancing marine influence, usually14C depleted. Freshwater input can contribute either to increased reservoir offsets, when dead carbon from rock weathering is available, but also towards an atmospheric14C signal, when the presence of terrestrial organic matter from catchment prevails. An overview of the MRE studies based on shellmounds on the coast of Rio de Janeiro reveals a pattern of negative local corrections for Saquarema and Rio das Ostras but positive values for Cabo Frio island, suggesting the presence of cold upwelling waters in Cabo Frio at 1.6–1.2 cal kBP. New results for a shellmound on the Ilha Grande island, in the western portion of the Rio de Janeiro coast, revealed a negative value at about 3 ka. We discuss distribution of MRE values and temporal variability in the region and their relation to ocean dynamics, continental input and the choice of marine organisms used for ∆R determination. A comparison of local reservoir offsets for the Saquarema region obtained from fish otolith and mollusk shells revealed similar ΔR distributions, showing that both materials can be equally used.
Carbohydrate, dietary glycaemic index and glycaemic load, and colorectal cancer risk: a case–control study in China
Authors: Huang Jing , Fang Yu-Jing , Xu Ming , Luo Hong , Zhang Nai-Qi , Huang Wu-Qing , Pan Zhi-Zhong , Chen Yu-Ming , Zhang Cai-Xia 
Published: April 2018

AbstractA carbohydrate-rich diet results in hyperglycaemia and hyperinsulinaemia; it may further induce the carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer. However, epidemiological evidence among Chinese population is quite limited. The aim of this study was to investigate total carbohydrate, non-fibre carbohydrate, total fibre, starch, dietary glycaemic index (GI) and glycaemic load (GL) in relation to colorectal cancer risk in Chinese population. A case–control study was conducted from July 2010 to April 2017, recruiting 1944 eligible colorectal cancer cases and 2027 age (5-year interval) and sex frequency-matched controls. Dietary information was collected by using a validated FFQ. The OR and 95 % CI of colorectal cancer risk were assessed by multivariable logistic regression models. There was no clear association between total carbohydrate intake and colorectal cancer risk. The adjusted OR was 0·85 (95 % CI 0·70, 1·03,Ptrend=0·08) comparing the highest with the lowest quartile. Total fibre was related to a 53 % reduction in colorectal cancer risk (adjusted ORquartile 4v.10·47; 95 % CI 0·39, 0·58). However, dietary GI was positively associated with colorectal cancer risk, with an adjusted ORquartile 4v.1of 3·10 (95 % CI 2·51, 3·85). No significant association was found between the intakes of non-fibre carbohydrate, starch and dietary GL and colorectal cancer risk. This study indicated that dietary GI was positively associated with colorectal cancer risk, but no evidence supported that total carbohydrate, non-fibre carbohydrate, starch or high dietary GL intake were related to an increased risk of colorectal cancer in a Chinese population.
Glucosinolate and isothiocyanate intakes are inversely associated with breast cancer risk: a case–control study in China
Authors: Zhang Nai-Qi , Ho Suzanne C. , Mo Xiong-Fei , Lin Fang-Yu , Huang Wu-Qing , Luo Hong , Huang Jing , Zhang Cai-Xia 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAlthough previous studies have investigated the association of cruciferous vegetable consumption with breast cancer risk, few studies focused on the association between bioactive components in cruciferous vegetables, glucosinolates (GSL) and isothiocyanates (ITC), and breast cancer risk. This study aimed to examine the association between consumption of cruciferous vegetables and breast cancer risk according to GSL and ITC contents in a Chinese population. A total of 1485 cases and 1506 controls were recruited into this case–control study from June 2007 to March 2017. Consumption of cruciferous vegetables was assessed using a validated FFQ. Dietary GSL and ITC were computed by using two food composition databases linking GSL and ITC contents in cruciferous vegetables with responses to the FFQ. The OR and 95 % CI were assessed by unconditional logistic regression after adjusting for the potential confounders. Significant inverse associations were found between consumption of cruciferous vegetables, GSL and ITC and breast cancer risk. The adjusted OR comparing the highest with the lowest quartile were 0·51 (95 % CI 0·41, 0·63) for cruciferous vegetables, 0·54 (95 % CI 0·44, 0·67) for GSL and 0·62 (95 % CI 0·50, 0·76) for ITC, respectively. These inverse associations were also observed in both premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Subgroup analysis by hormone receptor status found inverse associations between cruciferous vegetables, GSL and ITC and both hormone-receptor-positive or hormone-receptor-negative breast cancer. This study indicated that consumption of cruciferous vegetables, GSL and ITC was inversely associated with breast cancer risk among Chinese women.
Regulation for E-payment Systems: Analytical Approaches Beyond Private Ordering
Authors: Omotubora Adekemi , Basu Subhajit 
Published: April 2018

AbstractTechnology-driven payment instruments and services are facilitating the development of e-commerce; however, security concerns beleaguer their implementation, particularly in developing countries. This article considers the limits of private ordering in the regulation of e-payment systems. It uses Nigeria to exemplify a developing country that is increasingly pushing for the adoption of a regulatory framework for e-payment systems based on private ordering. It argues that, although technical standards and self-regulation by the financial industry are important, law is an essential regulatory mechanism that is largely absent. The article proposes that law be used as a mechanism to set and compel compliance with technical and industry standards, thus building trust, catering to public interest concerns and legitimizing the regulatory process.
A new heligmonellid (Nematoda) species of the genus Stilestrongylus in Euryoryzomys russatus (Rodentia: Sigmodontinae) in the Atlantic Forest, southern Brazil
Authors: Boullosa R.G. , Simões R.O. , Andrade-Silva B.E. , Gentile R. , Maldonado A. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractA new species of Nippostrongylinae (Nematoda: Heligmonellidae), Stilestrongylus rolandoi n. sp., is described from specimens collected from the small intestine of the rodent Euryoryzomys russatus in the Atlantic Forest (Santo Amaro da Imperatriz, Santa Catarina state, southern Brazil). The genus Stilestrongylus includes 23 species, which parasitize rodents occurring in the Neotropical region. Stilestrongylus aureus (Durette-Desset & Sutton, 1985) from Argentina, S. azarai (Durette-Desset & Sutton, 1985) from Argentina, S. flavescens (Sutton & Durette-Desset, 1991) from Uruguay, S. franciscanus (Digiani & Durette-Desset, 2002) from Argentina, S. gracielae (Digiani & Durette-Desset, 2006) from Argentina, and S. oryzomysi (Sutton & Durette-Desset, 1991) from Argentina are closely related to Stilestrongylus rolandoi n. sp., all having caudal bursa patterns of types 1–4 in one of the lobes. Stilestrongylus rolandoi n. sp. is distinguished from the aforementioned species by its ray 6 being short in relation to rays 4 and 5, which are long and robust, and by having caudal bursa patterns of types 1–4 in both lobes. The new species has 27 ridges in the mid-body in males, and 24 in females, and has one of the highest ratios of spicule length to body length (21−33%) in this genus.