bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal transportation analysis of nanoliquid squeezed flow past a sensor surface with MCWCNT and SWCNT
Authors: Reddy Machireddy Gari Gnaneswara , Kumar Kondlalli Ganesh , Shehzad Sabir Ali , Javed Tariq , Ambreen Tehmina 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis article considers the flow and heat transfer of a single and multi‐walled carbon nanotube over a sensor surface. For this persistence, a mathematical forming is established with the aspects of thermal radiation. In addition, the stimuli of magnetic properties and variable thermal conductivity are presented. By means of noteworthy conversions, nonlinear PDEs are altered into nonlinear ODEs and elucidated via a numerical approach in virtue of the Runge‐Kutta fourth order method scheme. The repercussion of countless variables of flow and energy transfer characteristics are portrayed and conferred. These upshots portray that the enhancement of heat is bounteous in a single‐wall nanotube when compared with multiwall nanotubes. Further, the velocity field is contracted for enhancing the values of .
Construct validation of the Narcissistic Admiration and Rivalry Questionnaire in Spanish‐speaking countries: Assessment of the reliability, structural and external validity and cross‐cultural equivalence
Authors: Doroszuk Marta , Kwiatkowska Maria Magdalena , Torres‐Marín Jorge , Navarro‐Carrillo Ginés , Włodarczyk Anna , Blasco‐Belled Ana , Martínez‐Buelvas Laura , Newton James David Albert , Oviedo‐Trespalacios Oscar , Rogoza Radosław 
Published: June 2019

A recent re‐operationalisation of grandiose narcissism has resulted in the distinction of two narcissistic strategies based on the cognitive, affective‐motivational and behavioural dynamics: admiration (assertive self‐enhancement) and rivalry (antagonistic self‐protection). The Narcissistic Admiration and Rivalry Questionnaire (NARQ) was developed to assess this model with two higher‐order dimensions. However, cross‐validations of the NARQ have not been extensively conducted across diverse population groups and languages. This study aimed to test the internal and external validity (through the relation with envy and self‐esteem), reliability and cross‐cultural equivalence of the Spanish version of the NARQ. The psychometric properties were evaluated in a Spanish sample (N = 310), and cross‐cultural equivalence was tested in participants from Chile (N = 234) and Colombia (N = 256). The results supported the reliability and validity of the Spanish NARQ, as well as the cross‐cultural equivalence across Spanish‐speaking countries. In addition, we discuss obtained differences across Spanish, Chilean and Colombian sample within two narcissistic strategies.
HI‐IAPT PORTRAITS OF BOTANISTS
Authors: Daniels Gilbert S. , Stafleu Frans A. 
Published: June 2019

SummaryA series of portraits of botanists will be published in Taxon. The portraits are reproduced from prints from the Hunt Institute for Botanical Documentation (formerly Hunt Botanical Library, HBL); they will be accompanied by brief biographical details, selected references to biographical literature, and data on the provenance of the portrait.
PHOTOSYNTHETIC PROTISTS
Authors: Pickett‐Heaps Jeremy 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn my opinion, the problem of accounting for the origin of eucaryotic cells cannot be dissociated from the problem of accounting for the origin of mitosis. A primeval cell type could not become eucaryotic unless it had concurrently evolved a method for reliably partitioning its genetic material.Modern procaryotes perhaps had their genetic material attached to the cell membrane: partitioning may be accomplished by growth of the membrane between attachment points. The only possibly similar mechanism of chromosome separation so far described in eucaryotic cells may be in the dinoflagellates.
PROPOSALS ON ARTICLE 48 AND MITRACARPUS HIRTUS V. M. VILLOSUS
Authors: Tjaden W. L. 
Published: June 2019

SummaryDr. Nicolson's arguments on Article 48 and the Mitracarpus case are not easy to follow (Taxon 26: 569–574, 1977). He has not made out a case that the Article is likely to be misused, nor that it needs amendment ahead of a consideration of other Articles. He demonstrates that Mitrocarpus villosus is not legitimate, but M. hirtus (Linn.) de Candolle cannot replace it. A new combination is needed.
RE‐ESTABLISHMENT AND LECTOTYPIFICATION OF EUCHARIS AMAZONICA LINDEN EX PLANCHON (AMARYLLIDACEAE)
Authors: Meerow Alan W. , Dehgan Bijan 
Published: June 2019

SummaryEucharis amazonica Linden ex Planchon (1857) is re‐established as a taxon distinctly from Eucharis grandiflora Planchon and Linden (1853). Material presently in cultivation as E. grandiflora is referred to E. amazonica. Additionally, both E. amazonica and E. grandiflora are lectotypified.
CARYOLOGIE CHEZ TROIS TAXA TÉTRAPLOÏDES DU GENRE DACTYLIS (POACEAE)
Authors: Guignard G. 
Published: June 2019

RésuméLes caryogrammes de trois taxa tétraploïdes du genre Dactylis montrent les caractéristiques propres à chacun d'eux. Des remarques intéressantes concernent le mode possible de tétraploïdie.
BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES ABOUT FOUR PLANT COLLECTORS IN ASIA MENTIONED BY N. L. BURMAN IN HISFLORA INDICA(1768)
Authors: Florijn P. J. 
Published: June 2019

SummaryThis article provides information about four plant collectors who served the Dutch East Indian Company (VOC) in Asia and who sent plant material from the Indies to Europe. These materials became known internationally after they were incorporated in the works of N. L. Burman and Linnaeus.
REV. RICHARD BARON'S COMPENDIUM DES PLANTES MALGACHES
Authors: Dorr Laurence J. 
Published: June 2019

SummaryAn account of Rev. Richard Baron's Compendium des Plantes Malgaches (1900‐1906) is presented. Brief biographical notes concerning Baron's missionary career in Madagascar and his botanical collecting and research explain the origin of his interest in cataloging the Malagasy flora. Information on the sources, publication history, numbering of fascicles, and format of the Compendium is provided. Finally, the importance of Baron's Compendium is discussed and the Compendium is compared with subsequent efforts to catalog the vascular flora of Madagascar.
THE TAXONOMIC POSITION OF THE GENERA TELEPHIUM AND CORRIGIOLA
Authors: Gilbert M. G. 
Published: June 2019

SummaryCorrigiola and Telephium resemble each other in many features, particularly in leaf arrangement and stipule form. Both have been most frequently included in the Caryophyllaceae, but are anomalous in features of leaf, stipule and fruit. The anomalies are least when both genera are included in the Molluginaceae. Nevertheless discrepancies and omissions in existing generic treatments of this complex of families indicate the need for an overall generic revision of the anthocyanin‐producing centrosperms.
THE LECTOTYPE OF POTAMOGETON ILLINOENSIS (POTAMOGETONACEAE)
Authors: Gutiérrez Martha González 
Published: June 2019

SummaryThe lectotype of Potamogeton illinoensis is a specimen collected by H. N. Patterson near Oquawka, Illinois, in 1873 and currently at NY. This was originally designated as such by J. L. Reveal and R. R. Haynes, but their choice was never published.
THE LECTOTYPE OF LEPIANTHES RAF. (PIPERACEAE)
Authors: Wilbur Robert L. 
Published: June 2019

SummarySince Howard (J. Arnold Arb. 54: 380. 1973) did not designate a lectotype for the generic name Lepianthes Raf., it is argued that the first explicit and effective lectotypification of the name is Lepianthes granulosum (Ruiz & Pavon) Raf. (=Piper granulosum Ruiz & Pavon). Lepianthes Raf. is then a synonym of Piper L. and not a prior name for Pothomorphe Raf. (Piperaceae).
The Central Herbarium of the Botanical Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Republic Uzbekistan
Authors: Pratov U. , Adylov T. 
Published: June 2019

SummaryPratov, U. & Adylov, T. (Translated from Russian and revised by R. Fritsch): The Central Herbarium of the Botanical Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Republic Uzbekistan. – Taxon 45: 143‐144. 1996. – ISSN 0040‐0262.Seven herbaria in Uzbekistan, including TAK, RNMUT, TASH, and TASM, have been combined as the Central Herbarium of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic Uzbekistan. The acronym TASH is to be used for these herbaria.
Herbaria of E. Carreño (1818–1841) and M. P. Graells (1809–1898) discovered in the Real Colegio Alfonso XII of San Lorenzo de El Escorial, Madrid, Spain
Authors: Carrasco María A. , Martín‐Blanco Carlos José , Perea Domingo 
Published: June 2019

SummaryCarrasco, M. A., Martín‐Blanco, C. J. & Perea, D.: Herbaria of E. Carreño (1818–1841) and M. P. Graells (1809–1898) discovered in the Real Colegio Alfonso XX of San Lorenzo de El Escorial, Madrid, Spain. – Taxon 50: 587–591. – 2001. – ISSN 0040‐0262.The discovery of the herbarium of Eduardo Carreño (1818–1841) in San Lorenzo de El Escorial is reported. The Carreño herbarium was included in the 12,169 collections donated by Mariano de la Paz Graells to the Gabinete of natural scieces of the Real Colegio Alfonso XII at the end of the 19th century. The principal contents of the Graells and Carreño herbaria, arranged by collectors (or donors), are summarized. These herbaria contain some of the oldest and best preserved collections of the Iberian flora.
Effect of intermittent hypoxia or hyperoxia on lung development in preterm rat neonates during constant oxygen therapy
Authors: Wang Juanmei , Zhang Aimin , Li Yun , Xu Jun , Huang Furong , Zhao Menghua , Wu Bufei , He Shaoru 
Published: June 2019

AbstractImpaired lung development is a major negative factor in the survival of preterm neonates. The present study was aimed to investigate the impact of constant oxygen, intermittent hyperoxia, and hypoxia on the lung development in preterm rat neonates. Neonatal rats were exposed to 40% O2 with or without brief hyperoxia episodes (95% O2) or brief hypoxia episodes (10% O2) from day 0 to day 14, or to room air. The body weight, radical alveolar count (RAC), and total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) were significantly lower whereas the lung coefficient and malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly higher in the hyperoxia and hypoxia groups than the air control and constant oxygen group at day 7, day 14, and day 21 after birth. The lung function indexes were reduced by intermittent hyperoxia and hypoxia. In contrast, the constant oxygen therapy increased the lung function. HIF‐1α and VEGF expression were significantly increased by hypoxia and decreased by hyperoxia. The constant oxygen therapy only decreased the HIF‐1α expression at day 14 and 21. In summary, the constant oxygen treatment promoted lung function without affecting the antioxidative capacity in preterm rat neonates. While intermittent hyperoxia and hypoxia inhibited lung development, decreased antioxidative capacity, and dysregulated HIF‐1α/VEGF signaling in preterm rat neonates.
A new structure from cardiac cells cultured in vitro: Cardiomyocyte‐annulation of neonatal rats
Authors: Li Cixia , Chang Yuqiao , Jia Yangyang , Guo Zhikun 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTo explore the formation, morphological characteristics, cell composition, and differentiation potential of cardiomyocyte annulation (cardio‐annulation) during in vitro culture of cardiac cells. Cardiac cells were isolated and cultured. A live‐cell imaging system was used to observe cardio‐annulation. Cardiac troponin‐T (cTnT) and vimentin were labeled with double immunofluorescence staining, and coexpressions of cTnT and connexin43 (Cx43), cTnT and nanog, c‐kit and nanog, and c‐kit and stem cell antigen (sca‐1) were detected. The location of various types of cells within the cardio‐annulation structure was observed. Adipogenic‐ and osteogenic‐inducing fluids were used separately for in situ induction to detect the multidirectional differentiation potential of cells during the annulation process. After 3 to 6 days, cardiac cells migrated and formed an open or closed annulus with a diameter of 800 to 3500 μm. The annulus wall comprised the medial, middle, and lateral regions. The cells in the medial region were small, abundant, and laminated, while those in the middle region were larger with fewer layers, and those in the lateral region were less abundant, and loosely arranged in a single layer. Cardiomyocytes were distributed mainly on the surface of the medial region; nanog+, c‐kit+, and sca‐1+ cells were located mainly at the bottom of the annulus wall and fibroblasts were located mainly between these layers. The annulus cavity contained a large number of small, round cells, and telocytes. Cx43 was expressed in all cell types, and nanog, c‐kit, and sca‐1 were coexpressed in the cardio‐annulation cells, which possess adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation potential. Cardio‐annulation was discovered during an in vitro culture of cardiac cells. The structure contains cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, telocytes, and abundant stem cells. These results provide insight into the relationship among cardiac cells in vitro.
Identification of Gli1‐interacting proteins during simvastatin‐stimulated osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Chi Bojing , Fan Xinhao , Li Zhengxiao , Liu Guangyuan , Zhang Guobin , Xu Hong , Li Zhiguo , Lian Qiangqiang , Xing Lei , Tian Faming 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSimvastatin has been shown to promote osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Our study aimed to illuminate the underlying mechanism, with a specific focus on the role of Hedgehog signaling in this process. BMSCs cultured with or without 10−7 mol/L simvastatin were subjected to evaluation of osteogenic differentiation capacity. Osteogenic markers such as type 1 collagen (COL1) and osteocalcin (OCN), as well as key molecules of Hedgehog signaling molecules, were examined by Western blot and real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Co‐immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry assays were applied to screen for Gli1‐interacting proteins. Cyclopamine (Cpn) was used as a Hedgehog signaling inhibitor. Our results indicated that simvastatin increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity; mineralization of extracellular matrix; mRNA expression of ALP, COL1, and OCN; and expression and nuclear translocation of Gli1. Contrasting effects were observed in Cpn‐exposed groups, but were partially rescued by the simvastatin treatment. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses indicated that Gli1‐interacting proteins were primarily associated with mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) (P = 7.04E−04), hippo, insulin, and glucagon signaling. Further, hub genes identified by protein‐protein interaction network analysis included Gli1‐interacting proteins such as Ppp2r1a, Rac1, Etf1, and XPO1/CRM1. In summary, the current study showed that the mechanism by which simvastatin stimulates osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs involves activation of Hedgehog signaling, as indicated by interactions with Gli1 and, most notably, the MAPK signaling pathway.
Superoxide generation via the NR2B‐NMDAR/RasGRF1/NOX2 pathway promotes dendritogenesis
Authors: Abarzúa Sebastian , Ampuero Estibaliz , van Zundert Brigitte 
Published: June 2019

AbstractN‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptors (NMDARs) that contain the NR2A and NR2B subunits play a critical role in neuronal plasticity and dendritogenesis. Gain‐and‐loss‐of function studies indicate that NR2B, but not NR2A, promotes dendritic branching. Accumulating evidence indicates that stimulation of NMDARs activates NADPH oxidase (NOX2), thereby generating superoxide. However, the molecular underpinnings of this process are not understood. RasGRF1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor, is key for several forms of neuronal plasticity and interacts directly with the tail of NR2B. We investigated whether the NR2B‐NMDAR/RasGRF1 pathway regulates the activity of NOX2 and whether superoxide production is required for dendritogenesis. We measured superoxide production in developing primary cultures of hippocampal neurons from 3 to 25 days in vitro (DIV) with the probe dihydroethidium (dHE). We found the highest dHE levels at early and intermediate developmental stages (3–15 DIV), when the NR2B‐NMDAR expression is abundant. During these early/intermediate developmental stages, but not in mature neurons (>15 DIV), NMDAR activity is required for superoxide production. We also found that disrupting the NR2B‐RasGRF1 interaction led to reduced dHE fluorescence intensity and moreover inhibited dendritic branching in hippocampal neurons. Together, our data indicate that superoxide production is induced by the NR2B‐NMDARs/RasGRF1/NOX2 pathway and promotes dendritogenesis.
Pollen morphological variation ofBerberisL. from Pakistan and its systematic importance
Authors: ur Rahman Saeed , Khan Shujaul Mulk , Zafar Muhammad , Ahmad Mushtaq , Khan Raees , Hussain Sajad , Khalid Muhammad , Kayani Sadaf‐Ilyas 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDue to overlapping and diverse morphological characters,Berberisis among the most taxonomically complex genera. Palynology is one of the taxonomic tools for delimitation and identification of complex species. In this study, pollens of 10Berberisspecies were analyzed through light and scanning electron microscopy. Qualitative as well as quantitative features (pollen shape, size, presence or absence of colpi, colpi length and width, exine thickness, ornamentation, pollen class, aperture, and polar–equatorial ratio) were measured. Five species were observed to have colpate (pantocolpate) with elongated ends, radially symmetrical, isopolar, monads, and psilate‐regulate pollens. In polar view, six pollen were spheroidal, two were ovoid, one spherical, and one oblate. Similarly, variation in pollen length was prominent and the largest pollen on polar view was recorded forB. psodoumbellata60–65 μm (62.4 ± 0.9), while the smallest one was observed forB. lycium29–35 μm (32.2 ± 1). The observed variation in both quantitative and qualitative features were important in taxonomic identification. This shows that palynological characters are helpful in identification ofBerberisgenus at the species level.
Automated lung nodule detection and classification based on multiple classifiers voting
Authors: Saba Tanzila 
Published: June 2019

AbstractLung cancer is the most common cause of cancer‐related death globally. Currently, lung nodule detection and classification are performed by radiologist‐assisted computer‐aided diagnosis systems. However, emerged artificially intelligent techniques such as neural network, support vector machine, and HMM have improved the detection and classification process of cancer in any part of the human body. Such automated methods and their possible combinations could be used to assist radiologists at early detection of lung nodules that could reduce treatment cost, death rate. Literature reveals that classification based on voting of classifiers exhibited better performance in the detection and classification process. Accordingly, this article presents an automated approach for lung nodule detection and classification that consists of multiple steps including lesion enhancement, segmentation, and features extraction from each candidate's lesion. Moreover, multiple classifiers logistic regression, multilayer perceptron, and voted perceptron are tested for the lung nodule classification using k‐fold cross‐validation process. The proposed approach is evaluated on the publically available Lung Image Database Consortium benchmark data set. Based on the performance evaluation, it is observed that the proposed method performed better in the stateof the art and achieved an overall accuracy rate of 100%.
Social network approaches to locating people recently infected with HIV in Odessa, Ukraine
Authors: Williams Leslie D , Korobchuk Ania , Smyrnov Pavlo , Sazonova Yana , Nikolopoulos Georgios K , Skaathun Britt , Morgan Ethan , Schneider John , Vasylyeva Tetyana I , Duong Yen T , Chernyavska Svitlana , Goncharov Vitaliy , Kotlik Ludmila , Friedman Samuel R 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIntroductionThis paper examines the extent to which an intervention succeeded in locating people who had recently become infected with HIV in the context of the large‐scale Ukrainian epidemic. Locating and intervening with people who recently became infected with HIV (people with recent infection, or PwRI) can reduce forward HIV transmission and help PwRI remain healthy.MethodsThe Transmission Reduction Intervention Project (TRIP) recruited recently‐infected and longer‐term infected seeds in Odessa, Ukraine, in 2013 to 2016, and asked them to help recruit their extended risk network members. The proportions of network members who were PwRI were compared between TRIP arms (i.e. networks of recently‐infected seeds vs. networks of longer‐term infected seeds) and to the proportion of participants who were PwRI in an RDS‐based Integrated Biobehavioral Surveillance of people who inject drugs in 2013.ResultsThe networks of PwRI seeds and those of longer‐term infected seeds had similar (2%) proportions who were themselves PwRI. This was higher than the 0.25% proportion in IBBS (OR = 7.80; p = 0.016). The odds ratio among the subset of participants who injected drugs was 11.17 (p = 0.003). Cost comparison analyses using simplified ingredients‐based methods found that TRIP spent no more than US $4513 per PwRI located whereas IBBS spent $11,924.ConclusionsFurther research is needed to confirm these results and improve TRIP further, but our findings suggest that interventions that trace the networks of people who test HIV‐positive are a cost‐effective way to locate PwRI and reduce HIV transmission and should therefore be implemented.
Why do High IQ Societies Differ in Intellectual Achievement? The Role of Schizophrenia and Left‐Handedness in Per Capita Scientific Publications and Nobel Prizes
Authors: Dutton Edward , Van der Linden Dimitri , Madison Guy 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPrevious research has attempted to understand why countries with relatively favorable conditions and high estimated average IQs (such as Finland and Japan) have a relatively low per capita number of scientific Nobel prizes. In the present study, we examine whether there is a relationship between national schizophrenia and left‐handedness prevalence, on the one hand, and per capita scientific and literary achievement, on the other hand, in countries with IQ estimates of at least 90. We found that per capita science and literature Nobel prizes and scientific publications are strongly negatively associated with schizophrenia and strongly positively correlated with left‐handedness. There also was a very pronounced negative correlation between schizophrenia rate and left‐handedness rate. These results suggest that genius can be regarded as a combination of very high IQ, aspects of high‐functioning autism (specifically low empathy) plus relatively low impulse control, consistent with observations of intellectually outstanding individuals, and the fact that schizophrenia appears to constitute the opposite pole of these aspects of autism spectrum. We posit differences in androgen levels as a possible underlying explanation for these findings.
Platform strategy of terrestrial TV broadcasters
Authors: Kim Yunhyoung , Mo Jeonghoon , Kim Weonseek 
Published: June 2019

Terrestrial broadcasting network is the main delivery platform of terrestrial broadcasters and its coverage represents the capacity. We study economic impacts of coverage on TV service markets, which consist of broadcasters and pay‐TV operators with retransmission, by dividing the market into “inside” and “outside” the coverage.Our results suggest that the broadcaster ends up with two extreme options in equilibrium: not operating networks or operating networks at a full capacity. However, the former option is not desirable if the retransmission fee changes according to the coverage. On the basis of the main results derived, implications for broadcasters and the government are discussed.