bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climate‐driven shifts in plant–soil feedback of a perennial grass species
Authors: Florianová Anna , Münzbergová Zuzana 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Plant–soil feedback (PSF) plays a key role in determining the composition of plant communities, and understanding the impact of the ongoing climate change on PSF is thus crucial for predicting the consequences of climate change for ecosystems.

Here, we conducted a growth‐chamber experiment to examine possible climate‐driven shifts in PSF of a perennial grass, Festuca rubra, originating from two climatically distinct sites, by using all factorial combinations of soil biota origin, plant origin, and cultivation climate.

Soil biota generated more negative PSF effects when grown under the climatic conditions of their origin. This observation suggests that soil biota, especially soil pathogens, are well adapted to their local climate, exhibiting greater efficiency in suppressing plant growth within their climatic conditions.

All plants, regardless of their origin, exhibited less negative PSF (expressed as relative performance in live vs. sterilized soil) when grown under warmer climate than under colder climate, likely due to positive effects of increased activity of soil decomposers and enhanced nutrient cycling.

Plants showed negative PSF when grown with local soil biota under home climate, and the negative PSF disappeared when plants were grown with foreign biota or in away climates. This suggests that any disruption of the established plant‐soil‐climate interactions may lead to the release of plants from negative PSF, potentially destabilizing plant communities.

Synthesis. Our results highlight the adaptions of soil biota to their native climate as key drivers of plant–soil feedback interactions and suggest that climate change could significantly alter these interactions, potentially leading to new plant community dynamics. These findings emphasize the need for further investigations to unravel the mechanisms driving these responses and evaluate their consequences for ecosystem resilience in the face of climate change.
Active cardboard box with palm wood waste powder and orange oil to prevent browning and quality loss in cabbage: Mode of action and potential for reuse
Authors: Matan Nirundorn , Promwee Athakorn , Matan Narumol 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBrowning, caused by enzymatic activity and storage conditions, affects cabbage during cold storage and is crucial for customer acceptance. This study investigated the effect of cardboard packaging containing low concentrations of nano‐orange oil (ONE) at 0.006% in palm wood waste powder for anti‐browning and extending the shelf life of cabbage. The incorporation of ONE into palm wood powder (PWP) using different methods (soaking, vapor, vapor with ultrasonic device, and control) was examined before using the active PWP to develop cardboard cabbage packaging. The reuse of the active cabbage box packaging was also investigated for up to three reuses. The results showed that a greater anti‐browning effect was achieved with cardboard packaging made from active PWP with orange oil vapor and an ultrasonic device compared to other adsorption methods, with significantly higher inhibition of the key browning enzyme activities of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD). Additionally, antioxidant activity and bioactive compounds were improved, maintaining the bright green color of cabbage after 21 days of storage. The shelf life of cabbage stored in active cardboard was extended to at least 21 days compared to 5 days for the control. The active cabbage box with PWP and ONE vapor with an ultrasonic device showed potential for reuse at least two times. Limonene was found on the surface of stored cabbage and may be a key factor in antimicrobial activity, helping to control microbial growth on the cabbage surface within standard limits during long‐term storage. This finding provides valuable guidance for reducing cabbage waste during transportation and storage from farm to market.Practical ApplicationThis research offers new insights into active cardboard packaging made from palm wood powder with a low concentration of orange oil vapor to prevent browning and microbial growth in storage boxes. The optimal method for producing this packaging uses nano‐orange oil vapor at 0.006% with an ultrasonic device, which could be feasible for large‐scale production. The packaging effectively reduced PPO and POD enzyme activity, delaying browning and extending cabbage shelf life by at least threefold compared to the control, while maintaining color and freshness. This cost‐effective method promotes the sustainable use of agricultural waste in the fresh vegetable industry, as it can be reused at least twice, benefiting farmers and reducing cabbage waste
Elevated N‐glycosylated cathepsin L impairs oocyte function and contributes to oocyte senescence during reproductive aging
Authors: Zhang Kemei , Xu Rui , Zheng Lu , Zhang Hong , Qian Zhang , Li Chuwei , Xue Mengqi , He Zhaowanyue , Ma Jinzhao , Li Zhou , Chen Li , Ma Rujun , Yao Bing 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAge‐related declines in oocyte quality and ovarian function are pivotal contributors to female subfertility in clinical settings. Yet, the mechanisms driving ovarian aging and oocyte senescence remain inadequately understood. The present study evaluated the alterations in N‐glycoproteins associated with ovarian aging and noted a pronounced elevation in N221 glycopeptides of cathepsin L (Ctsl) in the ovaries of reproductive‐aged mice (8–9 months and 11–12 months) compared to younger counterparts (6–8 weeks). Subsequent analysis examined the involvement of Ctsl in oocyte aging and demonstrated a significant elevation in Ctsl levels in aged oocytes. Further, it was revealed that the overexpression of Ctsl in young oocytes substantially diminished their quality, while oocytes expressing an N221‐glycosylation mutant of Ctsl did not suffer similar quality degradation. This finding implies that the N221 glycosylation of Ctsl is pivotal in modulating its effect on oocyte health. The introduction of a Ctsl inhibitor into the culture medium restored oocyte quality in aged oocytes by enhancing mitochondrial function, reducing accumulated reactive oxygen species (ROS), lowering apoptosis, and recovering lysosome capacity. Furthermore, the targeted downregulation of Ctsl using siRNA microinjection in aged oocytes enhanced fertilization capability and blastocyst formation, affirming the role of Ctsl knockdown in fostering oocyte quality and embryonic developmental potential. In conclusion, these findings underscore the detrimental effects of high expression of N‐glycosylated Ctsl on oocyte quality and its contribution to oocyte senescence, highlighting it as a potential therapeutic target to delay ovarian aging and enhance oocyte viability.
Livelihood diversification and household welfare among farm households in the Philippines
Authors: Pede Valerien Olivier , Mohammed Sadick , Valera Harold Glenn , Ibrahim Mohammed , Antonio Ronald Jeremy 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDiversification of income sources is one of the most common strategies households employ to minimize household income variability and to ensure a minimum level of income that guarantee their food security. This study examines the impact of livelihood diversification on farm profits among smallholder rice farmers in the Central Luzon Region (CLR) of the Philippines using long‐term farm‐level panel data spanning from 1966 to 2016. We employed a random‐effects ordered probit model to investigate the drivers of livelihood diversification and then used the mixed Markov chain model to analyze the transition of households from less to more diversified livelihoods and its impact on farm profits over time. Our findings reveal substantial diversification among households over time. In particular, the elevation of the farm location is a key driver of rice farm households’ probability to diversify. The estimates show that an increase in the latitude of the farm location increases the probability of rice farmers in the CLR to diversify. We find that 64% of the rice farm households constitute farmers for whom diversification can be a strategy for survival. For medium‐ to high‐profit farm categories, diversification tends to protect farmers against farm profit losses arising from adverse climatic and weather variability.
Faecal biomarkers in children with coeliac disease: A way forward?
Authors: Kivelä Laura , Atneosen‐Åsegg Monica , Iversen Marie Hellan , Kahrs Christian , Størdal Ketil 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimNovel markers to reflect the intestinal damage in coeliac disease are needed. We studied the potential of faecal and serum neopterin, and faecal myeloperoxidase, human β‐defensin‐2, and lipocalin‐2 in a case–control study.MethodsData were collected from medical records and a biobank including newly diagnosed coeliac disease patients, potential coeliac disease patients and non‐coeliac controls. Commercially available ELISA assays were used for measuring the biomarkers.ResultsAltogether 19 patients with coeliac disease (median age 9.0 years), 8 with potential coeliac disease (4.0 years) and 18 controls (6.5 years) were included. The highest faecal neopterin levels were seen in potential coeliac disease, followed by controls and coeliac disease (median 513 vs. 372 vs. 255 nmol/L, respectively, p = 0.016). Also, serum neopterin was highest in the potential coeliac disease group (9.8 vs. 5.5 vs. 5.9 nmol/L, p = 0.022). After age adjustment and robust variance estimation, only differences in serum neopterin remained significant. Other markers did not differ between the groups. None of the markers were significantly associated with serum transglutaminase‐2 antibody levels.ConclusionDifferences in neopterin levels amongst patients with potential coeliac disease, coeliac disease, and controls suggest that neopterin might serve as an early disease marker.
Biodiversity and cultural diversity are morally valued
Authors: Klebl Christoph , Jetten Jolanda , Bastian Brock , Cunningham Julia Lee 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHumanity is facing rapid declines in both biodiversity and cultural diversity. As effective conservation policies often require strong public support, it is critical to understand whether individuals view diversity loss through a moral lens and whether they value diversity for its own sake, independent from instrumental or individual‐centric concerns. Across two studies (N = 796), we found that individuals assigned moral value to both biodiversity and cultural diversity. Individuals assigned greater moral value to animals, plants and – to a lesser extent – languages when diversity was threatened, compared to when it was not threatened, despite an equal number of entities at risk, and they were willing to sacrifice a large number of these entities to prevent a loss in diversity. Additionally, we found (N = 12,000) that a general concern for diversity underlies concern for both biodiversity and cultural diversity. These findings suggest that emphasizing the inherent value of diversity may be effective for increasing public support for conservation of diversity.
To heal, grow, and thrive: Engaging Indigenous paradigms and perspectives in developmental science
Authors: Tsethlikai Monica , Cole Ashley , Hoffman Adam J. , Bang Megan , Ng Florrie Fei‐Yin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA focus on positive child development among Indigenous children has largely been absent from developmental science. In this special section of Child Development, we sought to address continuing inequity in representation and valuing Indigenous knowledge and voices by soliciting articles that identified cultural and strengths‐based factors Indigenous children, youth, and families cultivate and leverage to promote positive development. In this introduction to the special section, we provide an overview of the four empirical articles included, with attention to the ways these articles advance Indigenous paradigms and methodologies by focusing on the unique histories and strengths of four distinct Indigenous communities. We end with a discussion of how to promote continued growth and inclusiveness in developmental science with Indigenous communities.
GSEditPro: 3D Gaussian Splatting Editing with Attention‐based Progressive Localization
Authors: Sun Y. , Tian R. , Han X. , Liu X. , Zhang Y. , Xu K. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWith the emergence of large‐scale Text‐to‐Image(T2I) models and implicit 3D representations like Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF), many text‐driven generative editing methods based on NeRF have appeared. However, the implicit encoding of geometric and textural information poses challenges in accurately locating and controlling objects during editing. Recently, significant advancements have been made in the editing methods of 3D Gaussian Splatting, a real‐time rendering technology that relies on explicit representation. However, these methods still suffer from issues including inaccurate localization and limited manipulation over editing. To tackle these challenges, we propose GSEditPro, a novel 3D scene editing framework which allows users to perform various creative and precise editing using text prompts only. Leveraging the explicit nature of the 3D Gaussian distribution, we introduce an attention‐based progressive localization module to add semantic labels to each Gaussian during rendering. This enables precise localization on editing areas by classifying Gaussians based on their relevance to the editing prompts derived from cross‐attention layers of the T2I model. Furthermore, we present an innovative editing optimization method based on 3D Gaussian Splatting, obtaining stable and refined editing results through the guidance of Score Distillation Sampling and pseudo ground truth. We prove the efficacy of our method through extensive experiments.
Ginsenoside Rg1 Regulates the Activation of Astrocytes Through lncRNA‐Malat1/miR‐124‐3p/Lamc1 Axis Driving PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway, Promoting the Repair of Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Zhu Yin , Zou Wenjun , Sun Baihan , Shen Kelv , Xia Feiyun , Wang Hao , Jiang Fengxian , Lu Zhengfeng 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAimTo investigate the regulation of ginsenoside Rg1 on the PI3K/AKT pathway through the lncRNA‐Malat1/miR‐124‐3p/ Laminin gamma1 (Lamc1) axis, activating astrocytes (As) to promote the repair of spinal cord injury (SCI).MethodsBioinformatics analysis was used to predict miRNA targeting Lamc1 and lncRNA targeting miR‐124‐3p, which were then validated through a dual‐luciferase assay. Following transfection, the relationships between Malat1, miR‐124‐3p, and Lamc1 expression levels were assessed by qRT‐PCR and Western blot (WB). Immunofluorescence staining and immunohistochemistry were utilized to measure Lamc1 expression, while changes in cavity area were observed through hematoxylin–eosin (HE) staining. Basso‐Beattie‐Bresnahan (BBB) scale and footprint analysis were used to evaluate functional recovery. WB was performed to assess the expression of PI3K/AKT pathway‐related protein.ResultsRg1 was found to upregulate Malat1 expression, which in turn modulated the Malat1/miR‐124‐3p/Lamc1 axis. Furthermore, Rg1 activated the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, significantly reducing the SCI cavity area and improving hind limb motor function. However, knockout of Malat1 hindered these effects, and inhibition of miR‐124‐3p reversed the silencing effects of Malat1.ConclusionsRg1 can induce Malat1 expression to activate the Lamc1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by sponging with miR‐124‐3p, thereby regulating As activity to repair SCI.
Plantar flexor strength and size decrease following single‐leg disuse in uninjured adults: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Preobrazenski Nicholas , Seigel Joel , Janssen Ian , Halliday Sandra , McGlory Chris 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntroductionPlantar flexors play a pivotal role in human locomotion and balance. Several original research studies and systematic reviews have characterised the impact of single‐leg disuse on plantar flexor strength and size. However, no meta‐analysis has quantified the effects of single‐leg disuse on changes in plantar flexor strength and size in uninjured adults.AimTo quantify changes in plantar flexor strength and size in response to single‐leg disuse.MethodsData were extracted from 19 studies captured in our previous systematic review on studies that employed a unilateral lower limb immobilisation model (cast or brace) and were published up to January 30, 2022. Random‐effects meta‐analyses were performed on original research studies reporting measures of plantar flexor strength (isometric, isokinetic, or repetition maximum) and size (magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography) in uninjured adults.ResultsSingle‐leg disuse decreased plantar flexor strength (Hedges gav = −0.71 [95% confidence interval: −0.93, −0.48], p < 0.001, 7−28 days, N = 16 studies, n = 121 participants including ≥13 females, ages 19−29) and plantar flexor size (−0.33 [−0.50, −0.15], p < 0.001, 14−35 days, N = 6, n = 49, 10 females, ages 22−27) across all durations of disuse.DiscussionSingle‐leg disuse decreases plantar flexor strength and size in uninjured adults. This work adds to recent meta‐analytic findings demonstrating the declines in knee extensors strength and size following single‐leg disuse. The paucity of female and participants >30 years old in the single‐leg disuse literature examining plantar flexors represents a priority of future work.
New immersive alcohol marketing and commerce in metaverse environments
Authors: Huckle Taisia , Mummert Kristen , Lyons Antonia , McCreanor Tim , McLellan Georgia , Moewaka Barnes Helen 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe study aims are to: (i) explore methods for identifying alcohol company marketing in metaverses; (ii) identify current types of alcohol marketing in metaverses; and (iii) identify dominant portrayals and meanings of alcohol marketing in these settings.MethodsOur design was exploratory, employing various approaches to identify alcohol company marketing across multiple metaverses. In stage one, we systematically navigated through metaverses as an avatar, documenting and coding all instances of alcohol company marketing. In stage two, the research team collaboratively explored and discussed excerpts of this marketing. The team thematically analysed the transcribed discussion, identifying key meanings and interpretations of immersive and interactive alcohol marketing.ResultsStage one: alcohol company marketing was identified in two metaverses, Decentraland and Sandbox. Within those metaverses were five alcohol company marketing experiences: Heineken Silver, Jose Cuervo Tequila, Wisher Vodka, San Matias Tequila, and Mason Martell Cognac. Marketing strategies included immersive commerce, virtual drinking, immersive branding, immersive engagement, gaming, non‐fungible tokens (digital assets), education, non‐player characters promoting brands and virtual event‐based marketing. Stage two: themes identified were: (i) immersive branding, representing continued exposure to brands that were both foregrounded and on the edge of users' awareness; (ii) immersive engagement, including alcohol‐related gaming, quests, and alcohol production; (iii) avatars simulating drinking behaviour (virtual drinking); and (iv) immersive commerce representing how metaverse alcohol marketing may drive alcohol transactions.Discussion and ConclusionAlcohol companies are using novel immersive marketing techniques in metaverses. The impact on the experiences and drinking behaviours of users are unknown and require investigation.
Clinical and histopathological features of advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma with varying responses to cemiplimab
Authors: Hempel Conrad , Vladimirova Gabriela , Horn Susanne , Horn Lars‐Christian , Ziemer Mirjana 
Published: November 2024

SummaryBackgroundMost patients with unresectable locally advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) benefit from cemiplimab, but some do not respond. Our study aims to identify clinical and histopathological features predicting response to cemiplimab.Patients and MethodsWe analyzed 15 patients treated with cemiplimab, assessing clinical, demographic, histopathological, and immunohistochemical characteristics and correlating them with treatment response. Furthermore, effectiveness and safety were evaluated in our cohort.ResultsOur cohort included 12 males and 3 females, with a mean age of 78.1 years. The majority of tumors, accounting for 66.7%, were located in the head and neck region. Treatment was well‐tolerated, with only one grade 3 colitis. There was no correlation between immune‐related adverse events and treatment response. Non‐responders were younger (69.4 vs. 82.5 years). A history of hematological malignancy correlated with poorer response. High mitotic rate, poor tumor differentiation, high vimentin and p53, and low E‐cadherin expression were associated with worse response. Conversely, higher intratumoral inflammatory infiltrate density, presence of necrotic areas, and lower mismatch repair‐protein staining correlated with better response.ConclusionsCemiplimab is a safe and effective therapy, particularly in elderly patients. Well‐differentiated tumors with low proliferative index, intratumoral inflammatory infiltrate, and tumor necrosis may predict better clinical response.
Feasibility of endoscopic submucosal dissection including papilla (with video)
Authors: Yahagi Naohisa , Takatori Yusaku , Sasaki Motoki , Imura Yuri , Murata Shoma , Sato Tsubasa , Minezaki Daisuke , Hayakawa Takaoki , Nakajima Yuki , Okada Haruka , Sakurai Hinako , Tojo Anna , Iwata Kentaro , Miyazaki Kurato , Kayashima Atsuto , Masunaga Teppei , Mizutani Mari , Akimoto Teppei , Seino Takashi , Kawasaki Shintaro , Horibe Masayasu , Fukuhara Seichiro , Matsuura Noriko , Sujino Tomohisa , Nakayama Atsushi , Takabayashi Kaoru , Iwasaki Eisuke , Kato Motohiko 
Published: November 2024

ObjectivesEndoscopic papillectomy (EP) is a low‐invasive treatment for duodenal tumors including papilla. The limit of lesion size and local recurrence have been issues in EP. We developed endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for the duodenal tumors including papilla (ESDIP: ESD including papilla) to overcome the problems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of ESDIP.MethodsWe included the patients who underwent ESDIP from August 2010 to January 2024 in this study. We evaluated the retrospective characteristics of patients and lesions, clinical results of ESDIP and of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) as prevention for delayed adverse events, and pathological findings. We also calculated the cumulative recurrence rate and overall survival rate at 12 months after ESDIP.ResultsFifty‐four patients were included in this study. The mean lesion size was 39 mm. The third‐quarter cases revealed a less than half‐circumferential lesion, and the one case with a full‐circumferential lesion. Resection was accomplished in 96% (n = 52), and also the en‐bloc resection rate was 96%. Of the cases in accomplished resection, 98% of patients were intubated with a pancreaticobiliary drainage tube by ERCP. Intraprocedural perforation occurred in eight cases. Delayed bleeding occurred in 10 cases. Delayed perforation was seen only in one case. The incidence of post‐ERCP pancreatitis was 25%. Cumulative local recurrence rate and the overall survival rate were 15% and 96%, respectively.ConclusionESDIP may be feasible for duodenal tumors including papilla, and is a potential alternative option to avoid pancreaticoduodenectomy.