bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on data use in Indonesian primary schools
Authors: Abdusyakur Ikhsan , Poortman Cindy Louise 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
Many studies have underlined data use for school improvement. However, these are mainly based on developed countries; studies on data use are still lacking on developing countries. The purpose of this paper is to investigate data use in Indonesian primary schools. This study is based on a conceptual framework focusing on kinds of data, purposes of data use and factors promoting or hindering data use in schools.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors employed a mixed-method research design, with a total of 194 teachers and 28 heads of schools from 60 schools participating in the survey. Based on the survey analysis, six schools were purposively sampled for a multiple-case study approach.

Findings
The results show that Indonesian primary schools have similar kinds of data available and most data are used for accountability purposes only. These findings might be explained by the government trying to counter-balance the schools’ autonomy, so that the focus of data use seems to be more on accountability than on school development and instructional purposes. The results also reveal that the factors had a different influence for each data use purpose: high data use schools provided insight into promoting factors, while the low data user schools provided an understanding of hindering factors.

Originality/value
This study makes a scientific contribution by offering understanding of data use in a different context. Indonesia has become decentralized in most state functions, including education. Therefore, this study can be used as a guideline for future studies of data use in other developing countries context in supporting the decentralization of educational systems.
Risk assessment in commercial real estate development
Authors: Thilini Malka , Wickramaarachchi Nishani Champika 
Published: May 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the commercial property development risk factors from the entrepreneur’s point of view against social, economic, environmental, technological and political risk assessment criteria. After that, this study aims to assess the risk factors based on the analytical network process (ANP) model and to prioritize the key risk factors to identify which risk factor is highly affected to the commercial development process.Design/methodology/approachThe data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire. The analysis of the risk factors involved the ANP model using super decision software.FindingsThe results revealed that there are five major risk factors such as environmental, social, economic, technological and political risk, and 32 sub-risk factors. According to the super matrix calculation, the synthesized values for three projects were 0.0704, 0.0532 and 0.0431, respectively. It was identified that Ward City was 0.0704, indicating that it is comparatively less risky and, hence, can be categorized as the best development and considering the sub-risk factors; the results show that the highly affected risk factors for the development are: the council approval process, climate changes and natural disaster, and the least affected risk factors are confidence to the market, lifecycle value, investment return and currency conversion factor.Practical implicationsThe paper includes implications for the development of commercial properties, risk and risk assessment criteria to make risk management strategies and policy implementation.Originality/valueThe research findings are helpful in improving risk management strategies in the country, and policy formulation should focus on the above identified three risk factors in order to mitigate the risk in every stage and to achieve sustainable project development while increasing the satisfaction of long-term investment goals.
The effect of a golden parachute on managed earnings
Authors: Ujah Nacasius U. , Okafor Collins E. 
Published: May 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of executive compensation on the propensity to manage earnings. In particular, the authors examine an executive contractual clause known as a golden parachute (hereafter GP is interchangeably used). Usually, the triggering of a GP occurs for the following reasons: in a takeover, in termination of employment, and if the executive remains with the company through a recessionary cycle. Specifically, the authors ask the following questions: for firms that their CEO have a GP, do these firms manage earnings more? Does the age of the CEO matter for firms that have adopted a GP concerning the managing earnings?Design/methodology/approachThe sample is based on a review of the literature on GPs and managed earnings. the authors’ data come from COMPUSTAT, CRSP, EXECUCOMP and Risk Metrics, and consist of 1,184 US firms from 1992 to 2011. A GP is binary, whereas the authors represent managed earnings through accruals and real activity.FindingsThe authors find that the propensity to manage earnings varies on the type of methods strategically used. However, controlling for the effect of SOX reveals that GP firms are more likely to manage earnings. Younger CEOs are less likely to exacerbate earnings upward.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors are limited to small sample based on when the data were collected.Practical implicationsThe evidence shows that GP alleviates CEOs’ concerns on short-term profits. However, it entrenches CEOs. Particularly, CEOs with a GP are more likely to exacerbate earnings. Thus, there is a need for compensation committees to give considerable attention to how GPs are assigned.Originality/valueTo the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that explores the effect of a GP on a firm’s propensity to manage earnings.
How to develop successful and ethical investment analysts
Authors: Arena Matteo , Krause David K. 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to suggest best practices for managing a successful student-managed investment program (SMIP) based on the experience of the Marquette University’s Applied Investment Management (AIM) program.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors provide a detailed description of the program curriculum, instructional design, fund structure, program history, fund performance and student outcomes.

Findings
Through its experiential learning innovations, focus on ethics and close relationships with a dedicated alumni group, the AIM program prepares students for a successful career in investment analysis. Students who graduate from the AIM program experience a significantly higher successful placement rate and higher compensation at their first post-graduation job than finance major students who graduate outside the program.

Originality/value
This paper provides a detailed description of the distinguishing characteristics of the AIM program and, in doing so, it offers ideas that could be implemented by other SMIPs to improve student satisfaction, proficiency in investment analysis and employment prospects.
Auditors’ quality, footnotes, and earnings persistence
Authors: Karim Mohammad A. , Sarkar Sayan 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of auditors in financial statement readability. Using a simple proxy for financial statement obfuscation (number of footnotes), the authors examine the relationship between auditor quality, financial statement readability and earnings persistence.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors use regression analysis to test two hypotheses. In the first hypothesis, the authors investigate whether firms audited by Big 4 auditors have a lower number of footnotes than firms audited by non-Big 4 auditors. In the second hypothesis, the authors show that the firms with more footnotes have less earning persistence in comparison to the firms with less footnotes.

Findings
The authors find that firms audited by Big 4 auditors have fewer footnotes than firms audited by non-Big 4 auditors, and a larger number of footnotes reduces earnings persistence one-year and two-years ahead of the financial statement, although a larger number of footnotes does not reduce earning persistence when firms use Big 4 auditors. Overall, firms that use non-Big 4 auditors tend to obfuscate annual reports by using more footnotes and, in turn, reduce earnings persistence.

Originality/value
This is the first paper that has used number of footnotes in 10Ks as a proxy for financial statement readability. This paper shows how auditors’ reputation plays a key role in the readability of the financial statement. Prior studies related to readability have ignored the importance of auditors’ quality with respect to the readability of financial statements.
Psychological empowerment and employee attitudinal outcomes
Authors: Shah Tazeem Ali , Khattak Mohammad Nisar , Zolin Roxanne , Shah Syed Zulfiqar Ali 
Published: May 2019

PurposeThe main purpose of this paper is to examine the mediating role of psychological capital in the relationship between perceived psychological empowerment and employee satisfaction, normative organizational commitment and turnover intentions.Design/methodology/approachTo test the proposed research model, the authors collected field data from seven telecommunication companies located in the Islamabad Capital Territory of Pakistan. Through a two-wave data collection design, a total of 411 participants reported their perceptions about psychological empowerment and psychological capital at Time 1 and their job satisfaction, normative organizational commitment and turnover intention at Time 2.FindingsResults supported the hypothesized relationships, showing that psychological capital fully mediates the relationship between perceived psychological empowerment and employee job satisfaction, normative organizational commitment and turnover intention.Research limitations/implicationsThis study relied on cross-sectional data, which does not fully satisfy the conditions of establishing causality.Practical implicationsResults of this study will help organizations and practitioners to understand the importance of psychological empowerment and psychological capital and how they positively influence organizational performance, including employee job satisfaction, normative organizational commitment and turnover intention.Originality/valueDrawing upon the self-determination theory of Deci and Ryan (2000), this study contributes to organizational behaviour literature by proposing and testing psychological capital as an underlying mechanism that can explain the impact of psychological empowerment on employee satisfaction, normative organizational commitment and turnover intention.
Strategic teams: what really drives them?
Authors: Wolf Daniel , Felger Brooke 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine motivation in a team setting, how engagement in the organization's value proposition and strategic agenda, better-matched talent, solid enterprise culture and accountability all play a role in motivating groups of people to become agents of making strategy happen. This paper also provides practical themes for team leadership.

Design/methodology/approach
For over 25 years, the authors have observed team function and dysfunction on all levels of business. They have defined a series of conditions that open the gates for motivation to flourish. Using developmental content, questions and frameworks, they provide a roadmap for the motivation of strategic teams in different settings, with different charters.

Findings
The authors find that teams whose members have a clear focus on their purpose within the organization's over-arching strategic plans, are well matched with specific talents of members and leaders of the team, and serve within a strong enterprise culture, are more highly motivated as agents of making strategy happen.

Originality/value
This study offers an expanded viewpoint on strategic team motivation with some themes for building strategic team competence, resilience and adaptive capacity across a range of organizational settings.
The effect of corporate social responsibility (CSR) health-care services on patients’ satisfaction and loyalty – a case of Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Md. Shamim , Yahya Sofri B. , Khan Mohammad Jamal 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
Although research on patient satisfaction and loyalty has grown rapidly, the literature on corporate social responsibility (CSR) health care and patient satisfaction and loyalty is scarce. This paper aims to examine the impact of CSR health care on patient satisfaction and loyalty in Bangladesh.

Design/methodology/approach
A quantitative study was performed, and data were collected using purposive sampling among 195 patients who used CSR health-care services from six public and private hospitals in Bangladesh. The data were analysed using structural equation modelling through the partial least square approach.

Findings
The study found a significant positive relationship between CSR health-care services and patient satisfaction and between patient satisfaction and loyalty at p < 0.01.

Research limitations/implications
The study provides insights into policymakers in the development of Bangladesh health sectors and CSR health-care activities. However, the results might not be generalisable due to the unavailability of a sample frame.

Originality/value
The study addresses the lacuna in the literature on CSR health-care practices of hospitals in Bangladesh from the perspective of patient satisfaction and loyalty.
External Knowledge Sourcing and Firm Innovation Efficiency
Authors: Asimakopoulos Grigorios , Revilla Antonio J. , Slavova Kremena 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis study examines the relationship between external knowledge sourcing and firm innovation efficiency. We build on the organizational learning theory to propose that this relationship follows an inverted U‐shape: as the level of external knowledge sourcing increases from low to moderate, firm innovation efficiency increases; as the level of external knowledge sourcing increases from moderate to high, firm innovation efficiency declines. Further, we explore the moderating role of different contextual factors and contend that this inverted U‐shaped relationship is flattened in firms that operate in high‐tech sectors and in firms that face high internal constraints for innovation. Our empirical analysis is based on a sample of 3,204 Spanish firms over the period 2004–2015, and our results provide support for these contentions. We used data envelopment analysis methodology to estimate firm innovation efficiency relative to industry best performers, and truncated regression models for panel data with bootstrapped confidence intervals to test our hypotheses.
Comparing the effects of 6 months aerobic exercise and resistance training on metabolic control and β‐cell function in Chinese patients with prediabetes: A multicenter randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yuan Xiaodan , Dai Xia , Liu Lin , Hsue Cunyi , Miller Joshua D. , Fang Zhaohui , Li Jianing , Feng Jitao , Huang Yong , Liu Chao , Shen Jianping , Chen Tao , Liu Yanjun , Mordes John , Lou Qingqing 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundIt is clear that aerobic training (AT) can delay pancreatic exhaustion and slow the progression from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes (T2D), but there is little information regarding the effects of resistance training (RT) in people with prediabetes. This study compared the effectiveness of RT and AT in improving metabolic control and protecting β‐cell function in people with prediabetes.MethodsChinese subjects (n = 248) with prediabetes were randomized to three groups: AT (n = 83), RT (n = 82) and control (n = 83). Subjects in the RT group performed 13 different resistance exercises per session using an elastic string. Those in the AT group performed aerobic exercises at 60%‐70% of maximum heart rate. In both cases, exercises were performed three times per week for a period of 6 months. The primary outcome was improvement in metabolic control. Longitudinal changes between groups were tested using repeated‐measures analysis of variance.ResultsOf the initial 248 participants, 217 finished the study, but all participants were included in the intention‐to‐treat analyses. There were no significant differences in demographic characteristics among the RT, AT, and control groups (P > 0.05). Changes in HbA1c were not significantly greater in RT than AT cohort (P = 0.059), but the decrease in HbA1c in both exercise groups was higher than in the control group (P < 0.05).ConclusionsIn subjects with prediabetes, RT appears to improve metabolic control and preserve β‐cell function comparable to AT.
Pre‐existing type 2 diabetes is an adverse prognostic factor in patients with renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Yang Haosen , Yin Keqiang , Wang Yusheng , Xia Mancheng , Zhang Ruiqin , Wang Wenzhan , Chen Jiawei , Wang Chaoqi , Shuang Weibing 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundDiabetes is a risk factor for various cancers, but its prognostic role in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is controversial and understudied. This study investigated the prognostic value of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in RCC patients.MethodsThe clinicopathological and follow‐up data of 451 RCC patients undergoing radical or partial nephrectomy at the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from 2013 to 2018 were reviewed. Associations of T2D with clinicopathological parameters of RCC were evaluated using the Kaplan‐Meier method for survival estimates and Cox regression univariate and multivariate analyses.ResultsOf 451 patients, 74 (16.4%) had T2D. These patients were older, had a higher body mass index, higher incidence rates of hypertension and cardiovascular morbidity, a higher rate of laparoscopic surgery, and smaller neoplasms (all P < .05). Patients with T2D exhibited shorter overall survival (OS; P = .009), cancer‐specific survival (CSS; P = .043), and recurrence‐free survival (RFS; P = .008) than patients without T2D. Fuhrman grade (hazard ratio [HR] 2.542, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.115‐5.795, P = .026) and T2D (HR 3.391, CI 1.458‐7.886, P = .005) were independent predictors of OS; T2D was an independent predictor of CSS (HR = 4.637, 95% CI 1.420‐15.139, P = .011) and RFS (HR 3.492, 95% CI 1.516‐8.044, P = .003).ConclusionsRenal cell carcinoma patients with T2D have a shorter OS and higher recurrence rate and mortality risk than those without T2D.
Tristram Shandy in the Age of Insurance
Authors: Terry Richard 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn 1762 the Equitable Life Assurance Society was founded, the first to calculate its premiums on actuarial principles. Its origin coincided with an increased appreciation of domestic risk and an expanding market for insurance products: the third quarter of the century saw a sharp spike in the issuing of fire insurance policies. In 1759 Sterne's Tristram Shandy introduced a character whose developmental years are almost uniquely beset by hazard and contingency. This article argues that Sterne's novel is constituted by an insurance ‘mentality’ in its appreciation of the inherent risks of life and how these might be calculated and mitigated.
5‐ALA/SFC Attenuated Binge Alcohol–Induced Gut Leakiness and Inflammatory Liver Disease in HIV Transgenic Rats
Authors: Liu Chi , Zhu Ping , Fujino Masayuki , Zhu Shuoji , Ito Hidenori , Takahashi Kiwamu , Nakajima Motowo , Tanaka Tohru , Zhuang Jian , Li Xiao‐Kang 
Published: May 2019

BackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the protective effect of 5‐aminolevulinic acid (5‐ALA) and sodium ferrous citrate (SFC) against binge alcohol–induced gut leakiness and inflammatory liver disease in HIV transgenic (TG) rats.MethodsTG rats were treated with 3 consecutive doses of binge ethanol (EtOH) with or without 5‐ALA/SFC. Blood and liver tissue samples were collected at 6 hours following the last dose of EtOH.ResultsCompared with the wild‐type (WT) rats, the TG rats showed increased sensitivity to alcohol‐mediated inflammation, as evidenced by the significantly elevated levels of serum endotoxin, AST, ALT, ED1, and ED2 staining in liver. In contrast, 5‐ALA/SFC improved the above biochemical and histochemical profiles. 5‐ALA/SFC also attenuated the up‐regulated mRNA expression of leptin and CCL2. Furthermore, down‐regulated intestinal ZO‐1 protein expression was also inhibited by 5‐ALA/SFC. Moreover, the expressions of HO‐1, HO‐2, Sirt1, and related signal transduction molecules in liver were increased by 5‐ALA/SFC. These results demonstrated that 5‐ALA/SFC treatment ameliorated binge alcohol exposure liver injury in a rat model of HIV‐infected patients by reducing macrophage activation and expression of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines, and by inducing HO‐1, HO‐2, and Sirt1 expression.ConclusionsTaken together, these findings suggested that treatment with 5‐ALA/SFC has a potential therapeutic effect for binge alcohol exposure liver injury in HIV‐infected patients.
Factors influencing the spatial patterns of vertebrate roadkill in South Africa: The Greater Mapungubwe Transfrontier Conservation Area as a case study
Authors: Collinson Wendy J. , Parker Daniel M. , Bernard Ric T. F. , Reilly Brian K. , Davies‐Mostert Harriet T. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractFew studies have investigated the factors that influence roadkill occurrence in developing countries. In 2013, we monitored a 100‐km section of the road (comprising the R572 and R521 regional highways and the D2662) that pass through the Greater Mapungubwe Transfrontier Conservation Area in South Africa, to assess the possible factors influencing roadkill. Over a period of 120 days, and across the three ecological seasons, we recorded 981 roadkills (rate = 0.08 roadkill/km/day) from four vertebrate taxonomic groups. We generated predictive models of roadkill from one combined data set that considered eight variables identified from the literature as potential correlates of roadkill. The model that included the distance of the fence from the road, habitat type adjacent to the road, and the presence of a hill in the road (i.e., elevation) or a bank on the side of the road best explained roadkill occurrence. More roadkill was predicted to occur in both open and dense mopane and dense mixed bushveld habitats, on a hill, when there was a bank on the side of the road, and as the distance between the road verge and a fence decreased. Our model provides some insight into the significant predictors of roadkill occurrence and is therefore a valuable tool in identifying sites of high‐potential roadkill frequency and formulating mitigation measures for reducing road mortalities.