bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ЕНЗИМНОЇ ЛАНКИ АНТИОКСИДАНТНОЇ СИСТЕМИ В ЩУРІВ ЗА УМОВИ ДІЇ ТЮТЮНОВОГО ДИМУ НА ТЛІ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ НАТРІЙ ГЛУТАМАТУ В СТАТЕВОМУ І ВІКОВОМУ АСПЕКТАХ
Authors: Rutska A. V. 
Published: November 2018

Вступ. Значна розповсюдженість тютюнокуріння – глобальна проблема людства, на вирішення якої спрямовані зусилля багатьох учених і фахівців. Водночас відмітною особливістю сучасних харчових технологій є використання харчових добавок. До найпоширеніших харчових добавок як в Україні, так і в Європі належить натрій глутамат (Е621), який не завжди безпечний для здоров’я людини.
Мета дослідження – вивчити стан ензимної ланки антиоксидантної системи в щурів за умови дії тютюнового диму на тлі застосування натрій глутамату в статевому і віковому аспектах.
Методи дослідження. Досліди проведено на 96 білих нелінійних статевозрілих і статевонезрілих щурах обох статей. Кожну групу тварин було поділено на 4 підгрупи: 1-ша – контроль; 2-га – щури, яким моделювали “пасивне тютюнокуріння”; 3-тя – щури, яким вводили натрій глутамат; 4-та – щури, яким моделювали “пасивне тютюнокуріння” на тлі введення натрій глутамату.
Результати й обговорення. Надмірне утворення продуктів вільнорадикального окиснення за умови ізольованої дії тютюнового диму викликало виснаження антиоксидантного потенціалу крові та тканин легень, що проявлялося достовірним зменшенням супероксиддисмутазної активності в гемолізатах еритроцитів на 28,8 % відносно контрольної групи, а в супернатанті гомогенату легень – на 53,1 % (р<0,001) відповідно. “Пасивне тютюнокуріння” на тлі застосування натрій глутамату супроводжувалося більшим її зниженням (на 41,0 %, р<0,001) відносно контрольної групи, що на 17,1 % (р<0,02) менше від даного показника при ізольованій дії тютюнового диму в гемолізатах еритроцитів та на 58,7 % – у супернатанті гомогенату легень, що на 12,0 % (р<0,02) нижче від цього показника за умови ізольованої дії тютюнового диму. Однонаправлені зміни спостерігали і щодо каталазної активності.
Висновки. За умови дії тютюнового диму спостерігають виснаження антиоксидантного потенціалу (зниження супероксиддисмутазної і каталазної активності) крові та тканин легень, більш виражене при “пасивному тютюнокурінні” на тлі застосування натрій глутамату. В статевому аспекті показники антиоксидантного захисту за умови “пасивного тютюнокуріння” на тлі застосування натрій глутамату більш виражено знижуються в самок, а при віковому зіставленні змін активності даних ензимів встановлено їх інтенсивніше зменшення у статевонезрілих щурів.
Hydrologic Impacts of Ensemble-RCM-Projected Climate Changes in the Athabasca River Basin, Canada
Authors: Zhou Xiong , Huang Guohe , Piwowar Joseph , Fan Yurui , Wang Xiuquan , Li Zoe , Cheng Guanhui 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn this study, the Providing Regional Climates for Impacts Studies (PRECIS) and the Regional Climate Model (RegCM) system as well as the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) macroscale hydrologic model were integrated into a general framework to investigate impacts of future climates on the hydrologic regime of the Athabasca River basin. Regional climate models (RCMs) including PRECIS and RegCM were used to develop ensemble high-resolution climate projections for 1979–2099. RCMs were driven by the boundary conditions from the Hadley Centre Global Environment Model, version 2 with Earth system configurations (HadGEM2-ES); the Second Generation Canadian Earth System Model (CanESM2); and the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Earth System Model with MOM (GFDL-ESM2M) under the representative concentration pathways (RCPs). The ensemble climate simulations were validated through comparison with observations for 1984–2003. The RCMs project increases in temperature, precipitation, and wind speed under RCPs across most of the Athabasca River basin. Meanwhile, VIC was calibrated using the University of Arizona Shuffled Complex Evolution method (SCE-UA). The performance of the VIC model in replicating the characteristics of the observed streamflow was validated for 1994–2003. Changes in runoff and streamflow under RCPs were then simulated by the validated VIC model. The validation results demonstrate that the ensemble-RCM-driven VIC model can effectively reproduce historical climatological and hydrological patterns in the Athabasca River basin. The ensemble-RCM-driven VIC model shows that monthly streamflow is projected to increase in the 2050s and 2080s under RCPs, with notably higher flows expected in the spring for the 2080s. This will have substantial impacts on water balance on the Athabasca River basin, thus affecting the surrounding industry and ecosystems. The developed framework can be applied to other regions for exploration of hydrologic impacts under climate change.
Implementing a Data to Care Strategy to Improve Health Outcomes for People With HIV: A Report From the Care and Prevention in the United States Demonstration Project
Authors: Sweeney Patricia , Hoyte Tamika , Mulatu Mesfin S. , Bickham Jacquelyn , Brantley Antoine D. , Hicks Curt , McGoy Shanell L. , Morrison Melissa , Rhodes Anne , Yerkes Lauren , Burgess Samuel , Fridge Jessica , Wendell Deborah 
Published: November 2018

Objectives: The Care and Prevention in the United States Demonstration Project included implementation of a Data to Care strategy using surveillance and other data to (1) identify people with HIV infection in need of HIV medical care or other services and (2) facilitate linkages to those services to improve health outcomes. We present the experiences of 4 state health departments: Illinois, Louisiana, Tennessee, and Virginia. Methods: The 4 state health departments used multiple databases to generate listings of people with diagnosed HIV infection (PWH) who were presumed not to be in HIV medical care or who had difficulty maintaining viral suppression from October 1, 2013, through September 29, 2016. Each health department prioritized the listings (eg, by length of time not in care, by viral load), reviewed them for accuracy, and then disseminated the listings to staff members to link PWH to HIV care and services. Results: Of 16 391 PWH presumed not to be in HIV medical care, 9852 (60.1%) were selected for follow-up; of those, 4164 (42.3%) were contacted, and of those, 1479 (35.5%) were confirmed to be not in care. Of 794 (53.7%) PWH who accepted services, 694 (87.4%) were linked to HIV medical care. The Louisiana Department of Health also identified 1559 PWH as not virally suppressed, 764 (49.0%) of whom were eligible for follow-up. Of the 764 PWH who were eligible for follow-up, 434 (56.8%) were contacted, of whom 269 (62.0%) had treatment adherence issues. Of 153 PWH who received treatment adherence services, 104 (68.0%) showed substantial improvement in viral suppression. Conclusions: The 4 health departments established procedures for using surveillance and other data to improve linkage to HIV medical care and health outcomes for PWH. To be effective, health departments had to enhance coordination among surveillance, care programs, and providers; develop mechanisms to share data; and address limitations in data systems and data quality.
Factors Associated with Revision Surgery after Balloon Sinuplasty
Authors: Cooper Matthew , Cheng Tracy , Truong Tracy , Kuchibhatla Maragatha , Hachem Ralph Abi , Jang David W. 
Published: November 2018

ObjectiveAlthough balloon sinuplasty (BSP) is increasing in popularity, little is known about which patients are the ideal candidates. The objective of this study is to investigate factors that may be associated with BSP failure.Study DesignRetrospective review.SettingAcademic center.Subjects and MethodsThis is a 6‐year (July 2011‐June 2017) retrospective review of patients who underwent BSP or revision endoscopic sinus surgery (rESS) after BSP within a single tertiary health system. Demographics, clinical findings, and radiographic findings were investigated for association with rESS via univariate analyses and a multivariable backward elimination selection procedure.ResultsA total of 154 patients were identified (median age, 53 years): 146 patients underwent BSP at a single health system, with 16 (11%) undergoing rESS; 8 patients underwent BSP at an outside institution and underwent rESS with the senior author. Mean ± SD follow‐up was 12.8 ± 16.6 months. Univariate analyses revealed that prior endoscopic sinus surgery, polyps, allergic rhinitis, and gram‐negative infection were significantly associated with rESS. As for radiographic findings, a higher Lund‐Mackay score, neo‐osteogenesis, moderate or complete opacification, and hyperdensities were associated with rESS. The final model after multivariable selection showed that higher radiographic scores (odds ratio, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.01‐1.17) and neo‐osteogenesis (odds ratio, 5.25; 95% CI, 1.68‐16.42) were associated with higher odds for rESS.ConclusionsThis study identifies several clinical and radiographic factors that may be associated with the need for rESS after BSP. Surgeons can take these factors into consideration when deciding whether a patient should forego BSP and undergo conventional FESS.
Effects of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme activity in glazers with occupational cadmium exposure: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover clinical trial
Authors: Hormozi Maryam , Mirzaei Ramazan , Nakhaee Alireza , payandeh Abolfazl , Izadi Shahrokh , Haghighi Javid Dehghan 
Published: November 2018

Recently, there is a growing interest for the use of antioxidants as a preventive agent against cadmium (Cd) intoxication. The current study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary coenzyme Q10 supplementation on oxidative stress and antioxidant enzymes activity in Cd-exposed glazers. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled 2-month crossover clinical trial, coenzyme Q10 (60 mg twice daily) or placebo was administrated to 40 male glazers occupationally exposed to Cd. The subjects were randomly assigned to the placebo and coenzyme Q10 groups ( n = 20 in each group). Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) in the serum of glazers were measured at baseline and at the end of both intervention phases. The primary outcomes were the changes in serum levels of MDA, TAC and the activities of SOD, CAT, and GPx during administration with coenzyme Q10 versus placebo. Compared with placebo, treatment to coenzyme Q10 was associated with a significant reduction in serum MDA levels ( p < 0.001) While, there was no significant effect on the serum TAC levels ( p = 0.096). Also, the activity antioxidant enzymes of SOD ( p < 0.001) and GPx ( p = 0.003) were significantly higher and the CAT activity ( p < 0.001) was lower after 2-month coenzyme Q10 administration compared with placebo. Data demonstrated that coenzyme Q10 supplementation at a dose of 60 mg (twice daily) is effective in reducing oxidative stress marker level (MDA) and improving antioxidant enzymes activity in glazers exposed to Cd. However, further research is needed to assess coenzyme Q10 as a possible dietary intervention in Cd-exposed workers. Trial Registration: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials Registration Number: IRCT2016061228407N1 ( www.who.int/ictrp/network/irct/en/ ).
Pocket-sized ultrasound device for internal jugular puncture: A randomized study of performance on a simulation model
Authors: Chetioui Adrien , Masia Thibaud , Claret Pierre-Géraud , Markarian Thibaut , Muller Laurent , Lefrant Jean Yves , de La Coussaye Jean Emmanuel , Roger Claire , Bobbia Xavier 
Published: November 2018

Introduction: The aims of our study were to compare the performance of experienced emergency physicians for internal jugular vein puncture using a conventional ultrasound device versus a pocket-sized ultrasound in a training model. Methods: In this single-center, prospective, randomized study, emergency physicians performed one puncture with each device in a randomized order. No emergency physicians used a pocket-sized ultrasound for central vascular catheter insertion in clinical practice. A medium-fidelity training model was used. Each image was judged based on an image quality scale from 0 to 5. Results: Twenty emergency physicians were included: nine females (45%), median experience 2.5 years [2.0;4.3]. The median time to achieve a puncture with the conventional ultrasound device was 22 s [17;26] versus 28 s [13;43] with the pocket-sized ultrasound ( p = 0.43). Eighteen (90%) emergency physician punctures were successful with the conventional ultrasound device versus 18 (90%) with the pocket-sized ultrasound ( p = 1). The image quality was 4 [3;5] in the conventional ultrasound device group versus 4 [3;5] in the pocket-sized ultrasound group ( p = 0.32). Conclusion: Pocket-sized ultrasound and conventional ultrasound device performances are not statistically different for internal jugular vein-guided ultrasonography in a training model. These results must be confirmed in a clinical study.
Diagnostic utility of the Active Compression Test for the superior labrum anterior posterior tear: A systematic review
Authors: Davis Cody , Immormino Jenna , Higgins Brendan M , Clark Kyle , Engebose Samuel , Garcia Alessandra N , Cook Chad E 
Published: November 2018

Background The Active Compression Test has been proposed to have high diagnostic accuracy for superior labrum anterior to posterior tears. The aim of this systematic review was to compile the available evidence for this test and evaluate its diagnostic accuracy. Methods The databases PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL, and SCOPUS were searched for case control, diagnostic studies that evaluated the Active Compression Test between 1999 (date of test introduction) and February 2018. Two independent review authors screened the search results, assessed the risk of bias using QUADAS-2, and extracted the data. Results Eighteen studies (pooled sample = 3091) were included in this review. Twelve out of 18 studies either had high or unclear risk of bias (66.6%). Results from the pooled analysis of all 18 studies provided that the Active Compression Test is more sensitive (71.5: 95% CI = 68.8, 74.0) than specific (51.9: 95% CI = 50.7, 53.1) and only marginally influenced posttest probability from a pretest probability of 31.7–40.72% with a positive finding and a pretest probability of 31.7–20.33% with a negative finding. Discussion The Active Compression Test has both limited screening and confirmation ability; therefore, we do not advocate for its use in clinical decision making.
Caroli’s-type ductal plate malformation and a portosystemic shunt in a 4-month-old kitten
Authors: Roberts Madeleine L , Rine Stacy , Lam Amy 
Published: November 2018

Case summary A 4-month-old neutered male Russian Blue kitten had a 4 week history of hypersalivation and failure to thrive. In addition, there was a 2 week history of soft tissue swelling on the ventral abdomen, which had failed to improve with antimicrobial therapy. There were no significant physical examination or neurological deficits on examination; however, the cat had a quiet demeanour for its age. Postprandial bile acids were increased (32 µmol/l; reference interval <25 µmol/l). An abdominal CT scan revealed changes consistent with an extrahepatic portosystemic shunt and inflammation of fat of the ventral abdominal body wall. Surgical biopsy and culture of the subcutaneous swelling identified non-infectious steatitis. Ten weeks following initial presentation, surgical exploration, liver biopsy and ligation of the portosystemic shunt were performed. Liver biopsy was submitted to the Anatomical Pathology Laboratory of Cornell University Animal Health Diagnostic Center, New York, USA. Histopathology revealed a ductal plate malformation (Caroli’s type), as well as changes consistent with a portosystemic shunt. Relevance and novel information Ductal plate malformations are rarely described in the veterinary literature. To our knowledge this is the first reported case of Caroli’s-type malformation in a cat. There are no biochemical changes that allow for differentiation of ductal plate malformations from other hepatopathies. Liver biopsy is required for a definitive diagnosis.
Modeling epigenetic modifications in renal development and disease with organoids and genome editing
Authors: Hurtado del Pozo Carmen , Garreta Elena , Izpisúa Belmonte Juan Carlos , Montserrat Nuria 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT
Understanding epigenetic mechanisms is crucial to our comprehension of gene regulation in development and disease. In the past decades, different studies have shown the role of epigenetic modifications and modifiers in renal disease, especially during its progression towards chronic and end-stage renal disease. Thus, the identification of genetic variation associated with chronic kidney disease has resulted in better clinical management of patients. Despite the importance of these findings, the translation of genotype–phenotype data into gene-based medicine in chronic kidney disease populations still lacks faithful cellular or animal models that recapitulate the key aspects of the human kidney. The latest advances in the field of stem cells have shown that it is possible to emulate kidney development and function with organoids derived from human pluripotent stem cells. These have successfully recapitulated not only kidney differentiation, but also the specific phenotypical traits related to kidney function. The combination of this methodology with CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing has already helped researchers to model different genetic kidney disorders. Nowadays, CRISPR/Cas9-based approaches also allow epigenetic modifications, and thus represent an unprecedented tool for the screening of genetic variants, epigenetic modifications or even changes in chromatin structure that are altered in renal disease. In this Review, we discuss these technical advances in kidney modeling, and offer an overview of the role of epigenetic regulation in kidney development and disease.
Distribution of Toxoplasma gondii IgM and IgG antibody seropositivity among age groups and gestational periods in pregnant women
Authors: Sadiqui Shahida , Shah Syed Rafiq Hussain , Almugadam Babiker Saad , Shakeela Qismat , Ahmad Shehzad 
Published: November 2018

Background: Toxoplasmosis is a globally distributed parasitic disease. The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence and geographic distribution of toxoplasmosis, as well assess the risk of animal contact in disease development and determine the percentage of toxoplasmois-associated IgM and IgG seropositivity among different age groups. In addition, it aimed to estimate the proportion of toxoplasma IgM seropositivity among pregnancy trimesters. Methods: A total of 500 pregnant women were included in this study. From each participant, a 5-ml venous blood sample was collected and centrifuged to obtain serum that was tested for Toxoplasma gondii IgM and IgG antibodies using immunochromatographic testing and ELISA. Results: The overall seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis was 24.8%, with rates of acute infection of 8%. Among positive cases in every trimester, 54.34% of first trimester positive cases had a serologic marker of acute toxoplasmosis. Out of the 40 pregnant women with previous history of cow/buffalo contact and toxoplasmosis, 40% were seropositive for toxoplasma IgM; and out of 30 women with prior history of dog contact, 16.66% had serological marker of acute toxoplasmosis. Conclusions: In this study, there is a high prevalence of toxoplasmosis and contact with domestic animals is a risk factor for this illness. Therefore, it is necessary to test every pregnant women for toxoplasmosis and distinguish the type of infection, as well as the conduction of public health education programs to generate the awareness.
Inflammatory cell expression of Toll-like receptor-2 (TLR2) within refractory periapical granuloma.
Authors: Chen Eric , Bakr Mahmoud M. , Firth Norman , Love Robert M. 
Published: November 2018

Background: Toll-like receptor-2 (TLR2) is highly important within the immune system. Characterization of the expression of TLR2 within inflammatory cells in periapical lesions could help in diagnosis and management of refractory cases. The aim of the study is identification of Toll-like receptor (TLR2) through immunohistochemical and immunofluroscence expression in inflammatory cells within refractory periapical granuloma cases. Methods: Eight cases of refractory periapical granuloma were selected out of 772 cases. Histological examination and immunohistochemical staining with polyclonal rabbit antihuman TLR2, monoclonal mouse antihuman CD38, CD68 and CD83 primary antibodies, as well as immunofluorescence staining with goat anti-rabbit TLR2, donkey anti-mouse CD38, CD68 and CD83 primary antibodies was conducted. Positive controls, negative controls and experimental sections with no primary antibody were included in the study. Qualitative analysis and double immunofluorescence technique was used to characterize the TLR+ cells. Results: In periapical granuloma, lymphocytes (CD38 cells) expressed the most amount of TLR reactivity followed by macrophages (CD68 cells), and odontogenic epithelial cells. Neutrophils, red blood cells (RBCs) and collagen ground substance were negative to TLR2. Conclusion: TLR2 was highly expressed by lymphocytes and plasma cells indicative of their major role in the inflammatory process and antigen recognition in refractory periapical granuloma. Dendritic cells expressing TLR2 were low in number suggesting a minor role in sustaining these lesions.
Metachronous or synchronous male breast and prostate cancers a duality to lookout for.
Authors: Mukendi Alain Mwamba , Van Den Berg Eunice , Pather Sugeshnee , Padayachee Rushen Siva 
Published: November 2018

Introduction: Breast cancer is well known as the stereotypical women's cancer, and prostate cancer represents the well-known stereotypical male counterpart. While prostate cancer carries the potential to metastasize to the breast, the synchronous or metachronous co-occurrence of primary breast and primary prostate cancers is quite unusual. Prostate cancer in men of African descent may have its own behavior with regards to its relationship with male breast cancer. Case presentation: Case 1: A 64 year old male presented to Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital (CHBAH) with a 2 years history of a painless left breast lump. A core biopsy was confirmed breast carcinoma. Tamoxifen was started but, due to disease progression, he underwent left modified radical mastectomy followed by chemotherapy. Prostate biopsy was done for raised Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) and suspicious prostate on digital rectal examination. A prostatic adenocarcinoma was subsequently diagnosed with bone metastasis on bone scan. He was started on Androgen deprivation therapy and followed up every 3 months. Case 2: A 68 year old male presented to CHBAH with a 1 year history of a painless right breast lump. A core biopsy confirmed breast cancer. Tamoxifen was started, followed by right modified radical mastectomy and chemotherapy for disease progression. A raised PSA and suspicious prostate on digital rectal examination prompted a prostate biopsy revealing a prostatic adenocarcinoma. Bone scan was negative for metastasis. He is currently on 3 monthly Androgen deprivation therapy and awaiting radiation. Conclusion: This clinical practice article not only presents this exceptionally rare duality but highlights that both cancers can coexist either as sporadic conditions, or as a result of genetic mutations. Thus, we suggest that men with prostate cancer be screened clinically, biochemically and genetically for breast cancer and vice versa.