bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a directional resistivity logging-while-drilling tool using a joint-coil antenna and its geosteering applications
Authors: Wang Zhong , Wang Huaping , Davis Treston , Li Jing , Wu Suming , Ren Wei , Ce Liu Richard 
Published: May 2018

Geosteering is a key technique to increase oil- and gas-production rates, especially within a thin reservoir layer. The purpose of geosteering in the production zone is to keep the drilling path in oil- and gas-bearing reservoirs. To keep the drilling system inside the production zone, downhole sensors must be able to detect bed boundaries, which include identifying the boundary location with respect to the sensor and the boundary distance from the sensor. We have developed a directional resistivity logging-while-drilling (LWD) tool for geosteering applications. The directional LWD tool is equipped with a joint-coil antenna composed of an axially polarized coil Rz connected in series with two transversely polarized coils Rx. During a revolution around the axis of the tool, the voltage of the axial coil VRz, voltage of the transverse coils VRx, and tool face angle [Formula: see text], which indicates the boundary direction, can be extracted through curve fitting the total voltage response of the joint-coil antenna. The distance to the boundary can be derived from a 1D inversion. The LWD tool has been tested in several reservoirs in China, and it has a demonstrated capability to provide reliable and accurate estimations of the boundary direction and distance. Field data indicate that the boundary detection depth can reach 2.1 and 1.7 m when the tool is in a sand and shale formation. Using wireline-logging data from surrounding wells as reference, deviations between the reference and the measured distance to the boundary are within 0.2 m.
BRCA1/2 Mutations and Bevacizumab in the Neoadjuvant Treatment of Breast Cancer: Response and Prognosis Results in Patients With Triple-Negative Breast Cancer From the GeparQuinto Study
Authors: Fasching Peter A. , Loibl Sibylle , Hu Chunling , Hart Steven N. , Shimelis Hermela , Moore Raymond , Schem Christian , Tesch Hans , Untch Michael , Hilfrich Jörn , Rezai Mahdi , Gerber Bernd , Costa Serban Dan , Blohmer Jens-Uwe , Fehm Tanja , Huober Jens , Liedtke Cornelia , Weinshilboum Richard M. , Wang Liewei , Ingle James N. , Müller Volkmar , Nekljudova Valentina , Weber Karsten E. , Rack Brigitte , Rübner Matthias , von Minckwitz Gunter , Couch Fergus J. 
Published: May 2018

Purpose BRCA1/2 mutations are frequent in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). These patients are often treated with primary systemic chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of BRCA1/2 mutations on pathologic complete response (pCR) and disease-free survival (DFS) in a cohort of patients with TNBC treated with anthracycline and taxane–containing chemotherapy, with or without bevacizumab. Patients and Methods Germline DNA was sequenced to identify mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 in 493 patients with TNBC from the GeparQuinto study. The pCR rates were compared in patients with and without mutation, as well as in patients treated with and without bevacizumab. In addition, the influence of BRCA1/2 mutation status and pCR status on DFS was evaluated relative to treatment. Results BRCA1/2 mutations were detected in 18.3% of patients with TNBC. Overall, patients with mutations had a pCR rate of 50%, compared with 31.5% in patients without a mutation (odds ratio [OR], 2.17; 95% CI, 1.37 to 3.46; P = .001). The pCR rate among patients treated with bevacizumab was 61.5% for BRCA1/2 mutation carriers and 35.6% for those without mutations (OR, 2.90; 95% CI, 1.43 to 5.89; P = .004). pCR was a strong predictor of DFS for patients without BRCA1/2 mutations (hazard ratio, 0.18; 95% CI, 0.11 to 0.31) but not for patients with BRCA1/2 mutations (hazard ratio, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.32 to 1.69). Conclusion The addition of bevacizumab may increase the pCR after standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy for patients with TNBC with BRCA1/2 mutations. In patients treated with anthracycline and taxane–based chemotherapy (with or without bevacizumab), pCR was a weaker predictor of DFS for BRCA1/2 mutation carriers than for patients without mutations.
Cardiac Structure Injury After Radiotherapy for Breast Cancer: Cross-Sectional Study With Individual Patient Data
Authors: Taylor Carolyn , McGale Paul , Brønnum Dorthe , Correa Candace , Cutter David , Duane Frances K. , Gigante Bruna , Jensen Maj-Britt , Lorenzen Ebbe , Rahimi Kazem , Wang Zhe , Darby Sarah C. , Hall Per , Ewertz Marianne 
Published: May 2018

Purpose Incidental cardiac irradiation can cause cardiac injury, but little is known about the effect of radiation on specific cardiac segments. Methods For 456 women who received breast cancer radiotherapy between 1958 and 2001 and then later experienced a major coronary event, information was obtained on the radiotherapy regimen they received and on the location of their cardiac injury. For 414 women, all with documented location of left ventricular (LV) injury, doses to five LV segments were estimated. For 133 women, all with documented location of coronary artery disease with ≥ 70% stenosis, doses to six coronary artery segments were estimated. For each segment, numbers of women with left-sided and right-sided breast cancer were compared. Results Of women with LV injury, 243 had left-sided breast cancer and 171 had right-sided breast cancer (ratio of left v right, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.17 to 1.73), reflecting the higher typical LV radiation doses in left-sided cancer (average dose left-sided, 8.3 Gy; average dose right-sided, 0.6 Gy; left minus right dose difference, 7.7 Gy). For individual LV segments, the ratios of women with left- versus right-sided radiotherapy were as follows: inferior, 0.94 (95% CI, 0.70 to 1.25); lateral, 1.42 (95% CI, 1.04 to 1.95); septal, 2.09 (95% CI, 1.37 to 3.19); anterior, 1.85 (95% CI, 1.39 to 2.46); and apex, 4.64 (95% CI, 2.42 to 8.90); corresponding left-minus-right dose differences for these segments were 2.7, 4.9, 7.2, 10.4, and 21.6 Gy, respectively ( Ptrend < .001). For women with coronary artery disease, the ratios of women with left- versus right-radiotherapy for individual coronary artery segments were as follows: right coronary artery proximal, 0.48 (95% CI, 0.26 to 0.91); right coronary artery mid or distal, 1.69 (95% CI, 0.85 to 3.36); circumflex proximal, 1.46 (95% CI, 0.72 to 2.96); circumflex distal, 1.11 (95% CI, 0.45 to 2.73); left anterior descending proximal, 1.89 (95% CI, 1.07 to 3.34); and left anterior descending mid or distal, 2.33 (95% CI, 1.19 to 4.59); corresponding left-minus-right dose differences for these segements were −5.0, −2.5, 1.6, 3.5, 9.5, and 38.8 Gy ( Ptrend = .002). Conclusion For individual LV and coronary artery segments, higher radiation doses were strongly associated with more frequent injury, suggesting that all segments are sensitive to radiation and that doses to all segments should be minimized.
Clearings and Transmissions
Authors: Smith Rachel 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This article considers the complicated relationship between mysticism, repetition, and critique, saying and unsaying. It counters the figuration of mysticism as critical insofar as it is understood to solely consist in negation of the forms, language, and structures of religious practice and community. Such a view, it argues, hierarchizes the apophatic (negation) and cataphatic (affirmation), sequestering them from each other, rendering the “mystical” disembodied and ahistorical, unbound by negation from the theological and ritual traditions from which it arises. In the late ancient and medieval periods, it shows, those seeking God undertake ritualized repetition of prayers, reading, and bodily mortification. In texts teaching apophasis, students learn within the context of a personal relationship to the teacher, as students seek to repeat the practices, stances, aspirations, and techniques of the teacher who is exemplar.
Feeling and Wisdom in theSefer Bahir
Authors: Segol Marla 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis essay brings a fresh approach to the early kabbalistic work, the Sefer Bahir (the Book of Clarity, tenth to twelfth century, Hebrew). It does a close reading of its imagery, focusing on water, to illuminate its contested provenance and to challenge prevailing conceptions of its function. Most scholars agree that the work was composed in two layers (tenth and twelfth centuries), which together articulate the sefirotic cosmos at the heart of kabbalah. Close study reveals significant differences in the two layers, as the first is set in a dry and rocky landscape with water supplied by springs and cisterns, and the second in a lush and stormy place with a sophisticated plumbing system. Composed in different milieus, they articulate different cosmologies to cultivate different experiences: the first confounds taxonomic categories to cultivate an affect of mystical unity, while the second creates categories for an orderly cosmological system.
Cleveland Clinic Postural Stability Index Norms for the Balance Error Scoring System
Authors: LINDER SUSAN M. , OZINGA SARAH J. , KOOP MANDY MILLER , DEY TANUJIT , FIGLER RICHARD , CRUICKSHANK JASON , ALBERTS JAY L. 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTIntroductionDespite the widespread utilization of the Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) in the evaluation of concussion, it has been criticized for its error-based scoring that is susceptible to floor and ceiling effects and substantial inter-rater variability. A biomechanical outcome, Cleveland Clinic Postural Stability Index (CC-PSI), has been developed as an alternative to subjective BESS scoring. The CC-PSI uses inertial sensor data within a mobile device to provide an objective measure of postural sway during the BESS. This project aimed to determine the effect of age and sex on the CC-PSI and report normative values for healthy, active children, adolescents, and young adults.MethodsA cross-sectional sample of 6762 student-athletes completed BESS testing. Participants were stratified according to three age groups for each sex. The groups included the following: youth (age, 5–13 yr), males (n= 360), females (n= 246); high school (age, 14–18 yr), males (n= 3743), females (n= 1673); and college (age, 19–23 yr), males (n= 497), females (n= 243). Percentile rankings were determined for each participant to characterize movement of COM in the medial–lateral, anterior–posterior, and trunk rotation directions relative to the entire cohort during the BESS stances.ResultsOverall, postural stability was worse in youth compared with high school and collegiate athletes. Specifically, the CC-PSI was significantly worse in youth male athletes compared with high school and collegiate male athletes (P< 0.001). Females exhibited significantly better scores compared with males in youth and high school cohorts (P< 0.01).ConclusionsThe CC-PSI provides a quantitative, objective measure of postural stability, overcoming the limitations associated with conventional BESS scoring. Optimal concussion management should use objective age- and sex-specific values in the evaluation of postural stability. The normative values of the CC-PSI may be used in the absence of a baseline BESS evaluation to aid clinical decision making.
The Value of Fit Information in Online Retail: Evidence from a Randomized Field Experiment
Authors: Gallino Santiago , Moreno Antonio 
Published: May 2018

Online channels generate frictions when selling products with nondigital attributes, such as apparel. Customers may be reluctant to purchase products they have not been able to try on and those customers who do purchase may return products when they do not fit as expected. Virtual fitting-room technologies provide information about how a product fits a particular customer and promise to mitigate some of the frictions the information gap generates in the retailers’ supply chains. By implementing a series of randomized field experiments, we study the value of virtual fit information in online retail. In our experiments, customers are randomly assigned to a treatment condition where virtual fit information is available or to a control condition where virtual fit information is not available. Our results show that offering virtual fit information increases conversion rates and order value, and reduces fulfillment costs arising from returns and home try-on behavior, that is, customers ordering multiple sizes of the same product. We explore mechanisms through which providing virtual fit information helps customers and retailers. We argue that the virtual fitting tool creates spillovers even to products that are not available for virtual try-on, increases loyalty, helps customers better parse their choice sets, and reduces uncertainty by providing size recommendation. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2017.0686 .
SEGREGAÇÃO, ESCOLA E DESIGUALDADES: RACIALIZANDO AS OPORTUNIDADES EDUCACIONAIS
Authors: Raul Jessica M. , Rodrigues José Roberto Da Silva 
Published: May 2018

Este artigo objetiva uma análise racializada do fenômeno da segregação residencial para a reprodução das desigualdades educacionais na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Entendemos que tanto a segregação socioespacial, quanto as relações humanas estabelecidas em um mundo hierarquizado a partir de pressupostos raciais tem efeitos negativos para os que estão nela envolvidos, com maior prejuízo para população negra porque, além de lhe causar danos psíquicos, se materializam em suas vidas gerando uma condição de subalternidade (OLIVEIRA, 2012). “Estudos sobre cotidiano escolar que tem como objeto central as relações raciais, evidenciam um contexto escolar desfavorável à população negra” (COSTA, 2012, p. 267). Examinaremos, à luz da pedagogia, o tema da segregação, partindo da reflexão sobre o território e suas implicações para a efetivação de direitos como educação, considerando a particularidade da segregação carioca, que, para além padrão núcleo-periferia, é marcada também por uma proximidade física e distância social. [R1]..têm..
Time after Time: A news magazine’s covers during the 2008 and 2016 US presidential elections
Authors: Paskin Danny 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The study compares how Time magazine, one of the most established and iconic news magazines in the world, covered the US presidential elections in 2008 and 2016. The study applies framing theory and design principles to examine how the magazine presented information in general and, more specifically, on the elections through its covers. A content analysis of 95 covers total from both years was performed, comparing several aspects concerning both the content of the magazine and the design, including typography, art and colour. Results showed that Time kept an unbiased, consistent and traditional style between the two elections, despite the very contrasting elections of 2008 and 2016 which, as the study argues, may not be an ideal outcome.
The potential of Bacillus strains isolated from the rumen content of dairy cows as natural antibacterial and antioxidant agents for broilers
Authors: Sugiharto S. , Yudiarti T. , Isroli I. , Widiastuti E. , Wahyuni H.I. , Suprijatna E. 
Published: May 2018

The study was conducted to investigate the in vitro antibacterial activity and antioxidant-enhancing effect of Bacillus strains isolated from the rumen content of dairy cows. The antibacterial activity of Bacillus strains was assessed against Escherichia colibased on the agar-well diffusion method. To assess the antioxidant-enhancing effect, the Bacillusstrains was mixed (prepared as multi-strains) and used to ferment herbal medicine waste (HMW). The effect was compared with that of commercial probiotic Bacillus subtilis and non fermented HWM. Results showed that each Bacillus strain was able to inhibit the growth of E. coli. Fermentation with mixed Bacillus strains tended (P=0.07) to enhance the 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals scavenging activity and total phenolics content of HMW. In contrast, fermentation with commercial Bacillus subtilis tended (P=0.07) to decrease DPPH radical scavenging activity and total phenol of HMW. Fermentation with both Bacillus preparations increased (P<0.05) the contents of crude protein and ash in HMW, while crude fat increased (P<0.05) in HMW fermented with Bacillus subtilis. Fermentation either with Bacillus subtilis or mixed Bacillus strains increased (P<0.05) the fiber content of HMW. In conclusion, Bacillus strains isolated from the rumen content of dairy cows showed antibacterial activity and antioxidant-enhancing effect, therefore, they are potential as feed additive to substitute synthetic antibiotics and antioxidants for broilers raised under tropical conditions.
Acute and subacute toxicity of aqueous extract of the tuber of Kedrostis africana (L.) Cogn in Wistar rats
Authors: Unuofin Jeremiah Oshiomame , Otunola Gloria Aderonke , Afolayan Anthony Jide 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Kedrostis africana (L.) Cogn (Cucurbitaceae) is used in South African traditional medicine and pharmacopoeia as an emetic, purgative and diuretic, and it is used against dropsy in the management of obesity.

Aim of the study
In this study, acute and subacute toxicity of aqueous extract of K. africanatuber was evaluated in male and female Wistar rats in order to assess its safety profile.

Materials and methods
In acute toxicity, the effects of a single oral dose (2,000 and 5,000 mg/kg) of aqueous extract was determined in both sexes. General behavior, adverse effects and mortality were determined for 3 h and then periodically for 14 days. The subchronic toxicity test was performed in rats. The effects of the extract in daily single oral administration at the doses of 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg for 28 days were determined. Food and water intakes were monitored daily while body weight was monitored on a weekly bases. Hematological, biochemical and organ parameters were determined at the end of the 28-day administration.

Results
In the acute study, a single administration of the aqueous extract at the doses of 2,000 and 5,000 mg/kg did not induce mortality. Thus, the LD50 of the aqueous extract of K. africana (AEKA) has been estimated to be higher than 5,000 mg/kg. In the subchronic study, daily oral administration of the AEKA did not result in death of the rats or significant changes in hematological or biochemical parameters at the highest dose of 600 mg/kg. No alteration was observed in body weight, food and water intake. Liver, kidney and heart histopathology did not reveal morphological alteration.

Conclusions
The results showed that the aqueous tuber extract of K. africana did not cause any death, nor did it cause abnormalities in necropsy and histopathology findings. There were no acute or subchronic toxicity observed, and this indicates that the plant extract could be considered safe for oral medication.
Incidence of early-onset sepsis in infants born to women with clinical chorioamnionitis
Authors: Randis Tara M. , Rice Madeline Murguia , Myatt Leslie , Tita Alan T.N. , Leveno Kenneth J. , Reddy Uma M. , Varner Michael W. , Thorp John M. , Mercer Brian M. , Dinsmoor Mara J. , Ramin Susan M. , Carpenter Marshall W. , Samuels Philip , Sciscione Anthony , Tolosa Jorge E. , Saade George , Sorokin Yoram 
Published: May 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the frequency of sepsis and other adverse neonatal outcomes in women with a clinical diagnosis of chorioamnionitis.MethodsWe performed a secondary analysis of a multi-center placebo-controlled trial of vitamins C/E to prevent preeclampsia in low risk nulliparous women. Clinical chorioamnionitis was defined as either the “clinical diagnosis” of chorioamnionitis or antibiotic administration during labor because of an elevated temperature or uterine tenderness in the absence of another cause. Early-onset neonatal sepsis was categorized as “suspected” or “confirmed” based on a clinical diagnosis with negative or positive blood, urine or cerebral spinal fluid cultures, respectively, within 72 h of birth. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by logistic regression.ResultsData from 9391 mother-infant pairs were analyzed. The frequency of chorioamnionitis was 10.3%. Overall, 6.6% of the neonates were diagnosed with confirmed (0.2%) or suspected (6.4%) early-onset sepsis. Only 0.7% of infants born in the setting of chorioamnionitis had culture-proven early-onset sepsis versus 0.1% if chorioamnionitis was not present. Clinical chorioamnionitis was associated with both suspected [OR 4.01 (3.16–5.08)] and confirmed [OR 4.93 (1.65–14.74)] early-onset neonatal sepsis, a need for resuscitation within the first 30 min after birth [OR 2.10 (1.70–2.61)], respiratory distress [OR 3.14 (2.16–4.56)], 1 min Apgar score of ≤3 [OR 2.69 (2.01–3.60)] and 4–7 [OR 1.71 (1.43–2.04)] and 5 min Apgar score of 4–7 [OR 1.67 (1.17–2.37)] (vs. 8–10).ConclusionClinical chorioamnionitis is common and is associated with neonatal morbidities. However, the vast majority of exposed infants (99.3%) do not have confirmed early-onset sepsis.
An update on the Tibetan argali Ovis ammon hodgsoni in Nepal
Authors: Kusi Naresh , Acharya Raju , Ghimirey Yadav , Adhikary Bidhan , Werhahn Geraldine 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
In Nepal, the Tibetan argali Ovis ammon hodgsoni was documented from the Mustang and Humla districts until 2013. In 2016, we observed a young ram in the Dolpa district, providing the third locality record. We compiled historical data and our own observation data from 2013 to 2016 to discuss the present distribution of the Tibetan argali in Nepal. We suggest reassessing the National Red List to reclassify it as either “endangered” or “vulnerable”. We recommend management of livestock numbers, promotion of traditional practice of rotational grazing and raising conservation awareness, especially among herders visiting the argali habitat, for long-term conservation of the species in Nepal.
Do Heterogeneous Agricultural Factors Affect Farmland Contractual Choice?—Evidence from China
Authors: He Yiming , Luo Biliang , Zou Baoling 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This paper introduces a game framework for farmland rent contract choice which incorporates the characteristic uncertainty about the quality of agricultural factors and heterogeneous agricultural attributes matching with rural land leasing contract and the dynamic contracting behavioral equilibrium. The game theoretic model shows that the farmland rent sharecropping is a Pareto optimum contract, that the different farmland use contractual arrangement will match with specific agricultural factors combination between farmland and labor, that sequential rational tenants will make the game transfer from Nash Equilibrium to Perfect Bayesian Equilibrium. Our field survey data of China between 2014 and 2015 is consistent with our theoretic hypothesis. The empirical results indicate that the tenant's age has significant negative effect on share contract, that social security, soil fertility and the number of plots have significant positive effect.
Analytic study for fractional coupled Burger’s equations via Sumudu transform method
Authors: Prakash Amit , Verma Vijay , Kumar Devendra , Singh Jagdev 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn this work, we aim to apply a reliable analytic algorithm based on homotopy perturbation Sumudu transform method (HPSTM) to examine the nonlinear time-fractional coupled Burger’s equations. The approximate analytical solution and some numerical examples show the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method, which is simple and accurate in comparison to the Adomain decomposition method (ADM), homotopy perturbation method (HPM) and generalized differential transform method (GDTM).