bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Review of the literature discussing the problem of uneven thermal stresses in the furnace chamber
Authors: Majdak Marek 
Published: November 2018

Uneven thermal stresses occurring in the walls of the furnace chamber in high power boilers are the reason for the occurrence of significant thermal stresses. The occurrence of excessive stress leads to serious damage to the waterwall tubes, which result in the necessity of more frequent repairs of the boiler. Therefore, finding a way to reduce stress values is one of the key challenges in improving productivity and increase the service life of boilers.In this paper will be presented the review of the literature concerning the problem of uneven temperature distribution on the surface of the combustion chamber walls. There will also be presented studies that discuss the methods of modifying the furnace chamber to reduce the values of the stresses occurring in it.
Percutaneous screws CT guided to fix sacroiliac joint in tile C pelvic injury. Outcomes at 5 years of follow-up
Authors: Falzarano Gabriele , Rollo Giuseppe , Bisaccia Michele , Pace Valerio , Lanzetti Riccardo Maria , Garcia-Prieto Esteban , Pichierri Paolo , Meccariello Luigi 
Published: November 2018

Introduction:The treatment of the sacroiliac joint (SIJ) vertical instability is a matter of current discussions and remains controversial. The aim of our study is the evaluation of the surgical management of SIJ vertical instability involving the use of cannulated screws introduced under CT guidance and local anesthesia.Materials and methods: In the set time frame of 7 years, 96 poly-trauma patients with Tile's type C fracture of the pelvis with vertical instability of the SIJ were treated. The average distance between the two stumps was 73.4 mm (range: 43–100 mm). All patients were treated with anterior stabilization and subsequent stabilization with cannulated screws (Asnis®Stryker®6 mm, an average length of 70 mm; range from 55 to 85 mm) of the sacroiliac fracture. The clinical and radiological follow-up was performed with follow-up plain radiograph and Majeed score (from 1 to 60 months after injury).Results: The consolidation of pelvic fractures was obtained after an average of 63 days. The average Majeed score was as follows: 96 points at 1 month, 84 points at 3 months, 62 points at 6 months, 44 points at 12 months, 42 points at 24 months, 32 points at 36 months, 28 points at 48 months and 28 points at 60 months. Complications were as follows: not fatal deep vein thrombosis in five cases, skin infection at the entry point of the screws in six cases, screw breakage in one case and loosening of the screws in one case. Radiological evidence of fracture consolidation was achieved on average at 63 days. Forty-seven patients managed to get back to their pre-trauma employment at the end of the convalescence period.Conclusions: Our results suggest that the stabilization of SI Tile type C fracture/dislocations with CT-guided percutaneous cannulated screws is a valid and feasible management option and associated with a low complication rate.
Klumpfußtherapie nach Ponseti – aktueller Standard
Authors: Funk Julia F. , Lebek Susanne 
Published: November 2018

ZusammenfassungIn dieser Übersicht wird die Klumpfußbehandlung unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der von Ponseti entwickelten konservativen Methode dargestellt. Im Kontext der verfügbaren Literatur werden die pathoanatomischen Grundlagen, die zu der Entwicklung der einfachen Korrekturhandgriffe führten, beschrieben. Die Auswirkungen der verschiedenen Ruhigstellungsmaterialien auf das Behandlungsergebnis werden ebenso beleuchtet wie die Probleme bei der Abduktionsschienentherapie. Weiterhin werden das Erkennen von Rezidiven und das von Ponseti entwickelte Konzept zur Rezidivbehandlung erörtert. Dass die Methode sich zum weltweiten Goldstandard entwickelt hat, belegen neben der globalen Verbreitung auch in Ländern mit geringem Einkommen Untersuchungen, die zeigen, dass sie auch bei nicht idiopathischen, vernachlässigten und voroperierten Klumpfüßen gute initiale Ergebnisse bewirkt. In verschiedenen Untersuchungen wurde auch mit instrumenteller Bewegungsanalyse gezeigt, dass konservativ behandelte Klumpfüße deutlich besser funktionieren, weil sie weniger arthrotische Veränderungen und Schmerzen zeigen als ausgedehnt operierte. Diese Informationen sind für den Behandler nicht nur nützlich bei der pränatalen Beratung hinsichtlich der besten verfügbaren Therapie, sondern helfen auch, die Compliance der Eltern bei der mehrjährigen Abduktionsschienenbehandlung hoch zu halten. Zu diesem Zweck wird auch der Vergleich zur konservativen physiotherapeutischen bzw. französischen Methode gezogen. Abschließend wird der Forschungsstand hinsichtlich der genetischen Ursachen der Klumpfußentwicklung beleuchtet.
8-Week Basic Military Training Improves Adiponectin Multimer Ratio in Healthy Young Males
Authors: Han Xinjun , Feng Yan , Han Xinbing , Guo Haiqing , Zhu Jianbo , Ning Chao , Liu Fen , Li Shidong , Li Xiaomei , Yang Yi-ning 
Published: November 2018

AbstractTo investigate the effect of exercise on adiponectin in young healthy human males, we examined serum total adiponectin and high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin in newly recruited male soldiers who participated in an 8-week basic military training (BMT). A total of 95 males (mean age, 18.79±1.50 years) were sampled from among 1,100 new male army recruits in China. Participants were separated into 3 groups according to their body mass index (BMI): overweight group (BMI: 24.9 kg/m2 to<30 kg/m2; n=26); normal-weight group (BMI: 18.5 kg/m2 to<24.9 kg/m2; n=40); and underweight group (BMI:<18.5 kg/m2; n=29). Anthropometric measurements, fasting serum total adiponectin, HMW adiponectin, and lipid profiles were recorded at baseline and at the end of the 8-week BMT. After the 8-week BMT, the HMW/total adiponectin ratio (HMW/total ratio) and HDL cholesterol improved significantly (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). HMW/total ratio showed significant correlations with HDL cholesterol. Our study suggests that an 8-week BMT can improve the HMW/total ratio in healthy young males regardless of their BMI and anthropometry. Both HMW/total ratio and HDL cholesterol can serve as potential biomarkers for assessing the efficacy of exercise and may have metabolic benefits for preventing obesity and obesity-related disease.
Antiplatelet Treatment for Catheter-Based Interventions in High-Risk Patients: Current Guidelines and Expert Opinion
Authors: Rath Dominik , Gawaz Meinrad 
Published: November 2018

AbstractCatheter-based interventions have revolutionized treatment of both coronary artery disease and aortic valve disease. Yet, these procedures are accompanied by thromboembolic and bleeding complications. Antiplatelet agents and anticoagulants with tolerable risk of bleeding complications are required to protect from recurrent thromboembolic events. Although guidelines for antithrombotic treatment in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) are available, scarce evidence exists regarding therapeutic recommendations for patients at high risk for thromboembolic events or major bleeding. The choice of optimal antiplatelet therapy after PCI in patients with complex coronary artery disease and concomitant atrial fibrillation often poses a clinical challenge. The antiplatelet therapy in patients undergoing TAVR is so far based mostly on expert consensus. The present review addresses state-of-the-art antithrombotic therapy, particularly focusing on patients at high risk of thromboembolic and bleeding events, and aims to provide recommendations for clinical practice.
Altered 3D Structure of Human Tryptophan Hydroxylase-2 Caused by Change in the amino acid 341: In Silico Analysis
Authors: Castaño Casas Juan , Barona Juan , Betancourth Flavio , Salazar Doris 
Published: November 2018

Introduction Neuropsychiatric syndromes have an important connection with disorders in the regulation of serotonin, with human tryptophan hydroxylase-2 being one of the related biosynthetic enzymes of this neurotransmitter. Evidence-based genetic studies suggest a possible involvement of this enzyme in neuropsychiatric disorders caused by abnormalities in the synthesis and regulation of serotonin.
Objective To analyze the structural effects of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the enzyme tryptophan hydroxylase-2 and the changes that lead to functional alterations.
Materials and Methods In this study, we performed an in silico analysis of SNPs associated with abnormal folding of the tryptophan hydroxylase-2 protein. Different programs were used to identify amino acid changes evidencing pathogenic effects and possible functional impairments.
Results A change in the amino acid 341 (lysine [L]for phenylalanine [F]) (L341F) of the protein chain affects the total enthalpy of the protein. The enthalpy turned positive due to the energy required for the amino acid to return to its original condition. The protein function is also affected negatively because of the altered structured.
Conclusion The change in the L341F leads to serious structural defects in the tryptophan hydroxylase-2. Those defects can be further related with functional instability and associated to the etiology of neuropsychiatric diseases.
Cultural additivity: behavioural insights from the interaction of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism in folktales
Authors: Vuong Quan-Hoang , Bui Quang-Khiem , La Viet-Phuong , Vuong Thu-Trang , Nguyen Viet-Ha T. , Ho Manh-Toan , Nguyen Hong-Kong T. , Ho Manh-Tung 
Published: November 2018

AbstractComputational folkloristics, which is rooted in the movement to make folklore studies more scientific, has transformed the way researchers in humanities detect patterns of cultural transmission in large folklore collections. This interdisciplinary study contributes to the literature through its application of Bayesian statistics in analyzing Vietnamese folklore. By breaking down 307 stories in popular Vietnamese folktales and major story collections and categorizing their core messages under the values or anti-values of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism, the study shows how the Bayesian method helps discover an underlying behavioural phenomenon called “cultural additivity.” The term, which is inspired by the principle of additivity in probability, adds to the voluminous works on syncretism, creolization and hybridity in its technical dimension. Here, to evaluate how the values and norms of the aforementioned three religions (“tam giáo”三教) co-exist, interact, and influence Vietnamese society, the study proposes three models of additivity for religious faiths: (a) no additivity, (b) simple additivity, and (c) complex additivity. The empirical results confirm the existence of “cultural additivity” : not only is there an isolation of Buddhism in the folktales, there is also a higher possibility of interaction or addition of Confucian and Taoist values even when these two religions hold different value systems (β{VT.VC} = 0.86). The arbitrary blend of the three religions is an example of the observed phenomenon of Vietnamese people selecting and adding ideas, beliefs, or artefacts—which may sometimes appear contradictory to principles of their existing beliefs—to their culture. The behavioural pattern is omnipresent in the sense that it can also be seen in Vietnamese arts, architecture, or adoption of new ideas and religions, among others. The “cultural additivity” concept, backed by robust statistical analysis, is an attempt to fill in the cultural core pointed out by syncretism and account for the rising complexity of modern societies.
Knockout of both miR-15/16 loci induces acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Lovat Francesca , Fassan Matteo , Sacchi Diana , Ranganathan Parvathi , Palamarchuk Alexey , Bill Marius , Karunasiri Malith , Gasparini Pierluigi , Nigita Giovanni , Distefano Rosario , Veneziano Dario , Dorrance Adrienne M. , Garzon Ramiro , Croce Carlo M. 
Published: November 2018

Significance
The loss miR-15a/16-1 cluster at chromosome 13q14 is critical for the development of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), both in humans and mice. Knockout mice for a homologous locus on chromosome 3, miR-15b/16-2, developed mainly CLL and less frequently diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Here, we studied the biological role of these two different miR-15/16 clusters, crossbreeding miR-15a/16-1 and miR-15b/16-2 knockout mice. Unexpectedly, the complete deletion of both clusters promoted myeloproliferative disorders in the majority of the mice by the age of 5 months, modulating the expression of Cyclin D1, Cyclin D2, and Bcl-2, well-known targets of these microRNA clusters. Our findings in mouse suggest that a fraction of AML could be caused the by the loss of miR-15/16 clusters.
Negation in Korlai Indo-Portuguese
Authors: Clements J. Clancy 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Korlai displays patterns in negation largely similar to those found in Marathi, the adstrate language. An example of this is the apparent calque of the Marathi negative construction with ‘want’, where Korlai ni kɛ ‘don’t/doesn’t want’ (negator ni with a reduced form of keré ‘want’) corresponds to Marathi nako, a lexicalized form translated as ‘don’t/doesn’t want’. Based on socio-historical evidence, it is argued that these patterns likely developed early on in the history of Korlai. There are some innovations in Korlai, as well, not found in its adstrate language: it has a future negation marker in pa (eló nu pa andá kadz ‘they won’t go home’), it exhibits an unexpected order of the negative element nu with the deontic particle maʃi ‘must/should’ (eló maʃi nu andá ‘they must/should not go’), and its negative pronouns (nad ‘nothing’, ningɛ̃ ‘nobody’, neú̃ ‘none’) are sensitive to definiteness. These more recent developments suggest that Korlai, while sharing negation patterns with Marathi, has evolved independently of its adstrate language.
The (very) long history of corpora, concordances, collocations and all that
Authors: Stubbs Michael 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
In the development of academic disciplines, important ideas are often proposed, forgotten, and then rediscovered much later, when they are connected to other ideas in a way which reveals their significance. I give examples of ideas which are often thought of as quite modern, although they have a very long history:

using corpora in constructing dictionaries and language teaching materials

using concordances as data for textual exegesis and information retrieval

using collocations as evidence of word meaning.

In all three cases the theoretical significance of the ideas became clear only after improved techniques of visualisation allowed patterns to be seen in complex non-numerical data.
We can do without these words
Authors: Philip Gill 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This chapter deals with a Style Guide written in 2013 for the British Civil Service. It included a list of words to avoid, from the difficult and vague, to the metaphorical. Viewing the Style Guide as a genuine attempt to resolve problems with the Civil Service’s notoriously convoluted prose style, the study compares and contrasts the proscribed words with their use in the very documents that it was aimed to improve – online policy documents. It highlights discrepancies that are known to exist between the “proper” meanings of words and those that are found in the texts, and also reveals how comprehension problems are not just caused by lexis (metaphor in particular), but also by unusual or unexpected syntactical patternings.
Are there two different ways of approaching grammaticalization?
Authors: Heine Bernd 
Published: November 2018

Grammaticalization as a framework of linguistic analysis developed a fairly stable format in the course of the 1980s and 1990s (Lehmann 1982; Heine & Reh 1984; Traugott & Heine 1991a, 1991b; Heine et al. 1991; Hopper & Traugott 1993; Bybee et al. 1994; Haspelmath 1999). Around the turn of the century one of the basic principles of the framework, namely the unidirectionality hypothesis, was challenged (e.g., Newmeyer 1998), leading to refinements of the hypothesis (e.g., Norde 2009).1

A more dramatic challenge arose when the framework was extended to the analysis of discourse markers and related discourse material, which suggests that grammaticalization approaches are hard-pressed when applied to such material. Two main kinds of solutions were proposed. On the one hand, it was argued that the grammaticalization framework is inadequate to account for the development of discourse markers. On the other hand, an expanded notion of grammaticalization was proposed (see Degand & Evers-Vermeul 2015 for an overview of this research). That there is need to distinguish two different approaches to grammaticalization is propounded in detail by Traugott and Trousdale (2013: 99–112).
The main concern of the present paper is to determine the status of grammaticalization studies in light of recent work on discourse markers. It is argued that the justification for distinguishing two kinds of approaches to grammaticalization is questionable. Drawing attention to the cognitive-communicative principle of cooptation, the paper suggests that the development of discourse markers and related metatextual material cannot be reduced to effects of grammaticalization of any kind.
Grammaticalizing connectives in English and discourse information structure
Authors: Lewis Diana M. 
Published: November 2018

The development of lexical expressions such as VP adverbs, matrix clauses and prepositional phrases into discourse markers and connectives expressing coherence relations has been well explored in the grammaticalization literature, under a broad view of grammaticalization, but there has been less emphasis on how the discourse information structuring functions of markers evolve during these developments. This paper investigates the relationship between discourse coherence marking and information structure by examining two developing discourse connectives: it suggests that the grammaticalization of a lexeme in its construction into a discourse marker may involve acquiring or strengthening discourse-level information structuring functions – indicating relative informational salience – and that (further) grammaticalization of markers may be at least partly directed by information structure.
Accounting for liabilities related to ecosystem degradation
Authors: Ogilvy Sue , Burritt Roger , Walsh Dionne , Obst Carl , Meadows Peter , Muradzikwa Peter , Eigenraam Mark 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
A growing belief that accounting can and should play a role in halting and reversing degradation of ecosystems is leading to conceptual and methodological developments that recognize the cost of degradation, attribute the cost to the entities responsible and assure that entities can’t ignore the economic burden associated with it.
Outcome:
Demonstration accounts prepared around a scenario where agricultural use of land includes an obligation to maintain ecosystem condition. The accounts are compliant and coherent with both the international accounting standards for individual entities and the United Nations’ System of Environmental-Economic Accounting.
Discussion:
Accounting for liabilities for ecosystem degradation demonstrates that, where the liability reflects the lost economic value of the ecosystem, the accounts communicate a reduction in the total net worth of the economy and a redistribution of net worth away from the party responsible for the degradation. The inclusion of both liabilities for degradation and the cost of degradation does not lead to double-counting the economic impact of degradation.
Conclusion:
Accounting principles and frameworks encourage greater accountability for entities responsible for ecosystem condition by providing greater visibility of the economic cost to individual entities, governments and nations.
Evidenced-Based Approach to Abdominoplasty Update
Authors: Shestak Kenneth C , Rios Luis , Pollock Todd A , Aly Al 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The following publication was compiled as an evidence-based update for plastic surgeons performing abdominoplasty from a review of the published literature on that subject between January 2014 and February 2017. It is an overview of various aspects of abdominoplasty including preoperative patient assessment, variations and advances in both surgical and anesthetic technique, patient safety, and outcomes. It is intended to serve as an adjunct to previously published evidence-based reviews of abdominoplasty.
Comprehensive evaluation of structural and functional myocardial impairments in Becker muscular dystrophy using quantitative cardiac magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Marty Benjamin , Gilles Raymond , Toussaint Marcel , Béhin Anthony , Stojkovic Tanya , Eymard Bruno , Carlier Pierre G , Wahbi Karim 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAimsBecker muscular dystrophy (BMD) is a genetic neuromuscular disease characterized by an alteration of the dystrophin protein. Myocardial involvement is frequent, eventually progressing to a dilated cardiomyopathy, and represents the most common cause of death for this pathology. We performed a comprehensive evaluation of myocardial functional and structural alterations encountered in a large cohort of BMD patients using quantitative cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging.Methods and resultsEighty-eight BMD patients and 26 age-matched volunteers underwent standard cine and tag imaging to assess myocardial function and dyssynchrony, while native T1, T2, and extracellular volume fraction (ECV) were measured for tissue characterization. The left ventricular ejection fraction (LV-EF) was significantly reduced in 26% of the BMD patients. Patients exhibited higher dyssynchrony index than controls (6.94 ± 3.17 vs. 5.09 ± 1.25, P = 0.005). Diastolic dyssynchrony also exists in patients where systolic function was normal. BMD subjects, compared with controls, had significantly higher native T1, T2, and ECV (1183 ± 60 ms vs. 1164 ± 22 ms, 47.5 ± 4.5 ms vs. 45.6 ± 3.4 ms, 0.282 ± 0.050 vs. 0.231 ± 0.027, respectively, P < 0.05). Native T1, T2, and ECV correlated with LV-EF (R = −0.79, −0.70, and −0.71, respectively, P < 0.001) and N-terminal-pro brain natriuretic peptide (R = 0.51, 0.58, and 0.44, respectively, P < 0.001).ConclusionQuantitative CMR represents a powerful tool to evaluate structural and functional impairments in the myocardium of BMD subjects. Native T1, T2, and ECV provided quantitative biomarkers related to inflammation and fibrosis, and could stratify disease severity.