bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology of sepsis-associated acute kidney injury in critically ill patients: a multicenter, prospective, observational cohort study in South Korea
Authors: Song Myung Jin , Jang Yeonhoon , Legrand Matthieu , Park Sunghoon , Ko RyoungEun , Suh Gee Young , Oh Dong Kyu , Lee Su Yeon , Park Mi Hyeon , Lim Chae-Man , Jung Se Young , Lim Sung Yoon ,   The Korean Sepsis Alliance (KSA) investigator
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Despite the clinical importance of sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI), little is known about its epidemiology. We aimed to investigate the incidence and outcomes of SA-AKI, as well as the risk factors for mortality among patients with severe SA-AKI in critically ill patients.

Methods
This secondary multicenter, observational, prospective cohort analysis of sepsis in South Korea evaluated patients aged ≥ 19 years admitted to intensive care units with a diagnosis of sepsis. The primary outcome was the incidence of SA-AKI, defined using the new consensus definition of the Acute Disease Quality Initiative 28 Workgroup. Secondary outcomes were in-hospital mortality and risk factors for in-hospital mortality.

Results
Between September 2019 and December 2022, 5100 patients were admitted to intensive care units with a diagnosis of sepsis, and 3177 (62.3%) developed SA-AKI. A total of 613 (19.3%), 721 (22.7%), and 1843 (58.0%) patients had stage 1, 2, and 3 SA-AKI, respectively. Severe SA-AKI (stages 2 and 3 combined) was associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality. Adherence to the fluid resuscitation component of the one-hour sepsis bundle was associated with a decreased risk of in-hospital mortality in severe SA-AKI (adjusted odds ratio, 0.62; 95% confidence interval, 0.48–0.79; P < 0.001).

Conclusions
Of the patients admitted to the intensive care unit for sepsis, 62.3% developed SA-AKI. Severe SA-AKI was associated with an increased risk of mortality. Adherence to the fluid resuscitation component of the one-hour sepsis bundle can potentially improve outcomes in these patients.
Neoliberalism in academia: reflections from a parasitologist
Authors: Gasser Robin B. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis article examines the major transformation within the higher education sector, specifically the shift from traditional academia to neoliberal academia, with an emphasis on its impact on academics who entered the field in the 2000s. Many of these individuals may not fully recognise the extensive political and structural changes driven by neoliberalism over the past 2 decades. Published literature shows how the widespread adoption of managerialism in a neoliberal context—particularly in the Anglo-Saxon world—has markedly altered the academic landscape. This shift has led to the marketisation of education, characterised by increased student tuition fees, performance metrics and a change in academic values, including professional autonomy and academic freedom. The present article further explores how these alterations have affected the wellbeing of academics, particularly early- and mid-career scholars, by institutions prioritising economic efficiency over intellectual enquiry, increasing administrative workloads and promoting a consumerist model of education. Drawing on both evidence from the peer-reviewed literature and experiences, the implications of these changes for academic careers, job satisfaction and the broader mission of universities as centres of scholarship and public service are discussed. The article concludes with a call to action for academic leaders and policymakers to recognise and address challenges posed by neoliberalism and managerialism, emphasising the need to support and protect the core values of academia in the face of ongoing changes.
Graphical Abstract
Rapid and supersensitive allele detection of Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance via a Pyrococcus furiosus argonaute-triggered dual-signal biosensing platform
Authors: Chen Liying , Chen Wencheng , Wei Huagui , Lin Wenai , Zhang Cheng , Hu Hongfei , Wang Chunfang , Chen Jiangtao , Liang Xueyan , Zhu Daiqian , Wang Junli , Lin Zongyun , Wei Yuxia , Li Jian , Lin Min 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Malaria remains a serious public health problem worldwide, particularly in Africa. Resistance to antimalarial drugs is an essential issue for malaria control and elimination. Currently, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) combined with Sanger sequencing is regarded as the gold standard for mutation detection. However, this method fails to meet the requirements of point-of-care testing (POCT) because of its time-consuming, expensive instruments and professional dependence. To support this strategy, we developed a novel diagnostic platform that combines recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) with the Pyrococcus furiosus argonaute (PfAgo) protein and was designed to detect gene mutations related to antimalarial drug resistance. The Pfcrt haplotypes CVMNK and CVIET of chloroquine resistance (CQR) were used as examples and were assessed in this study.

Methods
By meticulously designing strategies, RPA primers, guide DNAs, and probes were screened, the reaction was optimized, and the resulting parameters were employed to ascertain the genotype of Pfcrt. The recombinant plasmids pUC57/Pfcrt-CVIET and pUC57/Pfcrt-CVMNK were constructed and diluted for sensitivity detection. The pUC57/Pfcrt-CVIET plasmid mixture was added to the pUC57/Pfcrt-CVMNK plasmid mixture in different additions to configure several specific proportions of mixed plasmid mixtures. The RPA-PfAgo platform was used, and the mixed plasmid was detected simultaneously via nest-PCR (nPCR) and Sanger sequencing. The platform was then evaluated on 85 clinical samples and compared with Sanger sequencing.

Results
The entire process achieves the key mutation Pfcrt-CVMNK/CVIET genotype identification of CQR within 90 min. The platform achieved 1.8 × 104 copies/μL sensitivity and could detect as little as 3% CVIET in mixed plasmids, which is a higher sensitivity than that of Sanger sequencing (5%). Notably, the platform shows 100% concordance with the gold standard method when 85 clinical samples are tested. The sensitivity and specificity were 100% for the 85 clinical samples.

Conclusions
This study established an RPA-PfAgo platform for genotyping the key mutation Pfcrt-CVMNK/CVIET of CQR. This method can rapidly produce reliable results and avoid the disadvantages of nPCR with sequencing. This approach has the characteristics of a short operation time, low device dependence, and a good match to the POCT strategy, suggesting that the platform can be easily applied locally or on site.

Graphical abstract
The modern architecture culture of Harbin based on memes
Authors: Cai Jun , Dong Jianfei , Zhou Yuan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Cultural memes, which have the same heritability and variability as particulate biological genes, provide culture units that can be shared and transmitted across different periods, allowing cultural computing to be performed in a fine-grained manner. This paper extracts regional architectural cultural memes from the basic information of Harbin city’s modern architectural heritage and constructs an urban historical architectural cultural meme matrix. By using the social network calculation method, we analyse representative architectural memes, such as material memes, structural system memes, and architectural style memes, which represent the evolution of urban architectural culture, construct a network of urban architectural cultural memes, and explore their clustering characteristics and centrality characteristics. The research shows that Harbin’s urban architectural culture in the development and evolution of the process has a holistic cultural characterisation beyond architectural meme monoliths and architectural memeplexes and has formed a highly coupled and complex cultural system. The clustering coefficients of the architectural meme networks in the cultural pattern of urban architecture in different periods are all between 0.575 and 0.676 (more than 0.5), suggesting that the cultural similarities within the clusters of architectural heritages in the city have the characteristics of continuous heredity. The methodology and conclusions of this study can provide a methodological reference for the design of contemporary urban architecture cultural patterns and provide data supporting the development and improvement of urban historic district conservation planning.
2D amorphous solids for sub-nanometer scale devices
Authors: Jang Hyeonseo , Kim Hyeonju , Kim Gayoon , Cho Suyeon , Yang Heejun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAmorphous solids are a type of condensed matter characterized by the absence of long-range order in their lattice structure. However, they still exhibit short- or medium-range order, which contributes to their versatile local and global electronic and chemical properties. Recently, 2D amorphous solids have gained attention for their exceptional mechanical and electronic features, which are unattainable in conventional crystalline materials. This review highlights the physical properties of ultrathin 2D amorphous solids, which are formed through covalent bonding and feature polyhedron structures with shared edges and corners. Two notable examples of 2D amorphous solids include honeycomb-structured nanosheets with mixed hybrid orbitals and layered materials with reduced coordination numbers of the elements. We provide an in-depth discussion of (1) the phase transition between crystalline and amorphous phases in 2D solids, (2) advanced synthetic methods for producing high-quality amorphous films with precise thickness control, and (3) the potential applications of sub-nanometer scale 2D amorphous solids. Lastly, we explore their potential to revolutionize the design of highly versatile electronic devices at sub-nanometer scales.
Graphical Abstract
[18F]FDG PET/CT performs better than CT in determining the bone biopsy site : randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Chang Yujie , Gu Yifeng , Ruan Shunyi , Xu Shengyu , Sun Jing , Jiang Zhiyuan , Yao Guangyu , Wang Zhiyu , Zhao Hui 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Bone biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosing bone metastases. However, there is no clinical consensus regarding the optimal imaging test for determining the puncture site.

Methods
We compared the performance of [18F]FDG PET/CT with CT in detecting bone metastases to achieve the highest biopsy efficiency. This registered prospective study enrolled 273 patients with bone lesions who were treated between January 2020 and March 2021. Patients were randomly assigned to undergo [18F]FDG PET/CT or CT to determine the puncture site before bone biopsy. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, second biopsy rate, diagnostic time and cost-effectiveness of the two imaging tests were compared.

Results
The accuracy and sensitivity of [18F]FDG PET/CT group in detecting bone metastases were significantly higher than CT group(97.08% vs. 90.44%, 98.76% vs. 92.22%, P < 0.05). The second biopsy rate was significantly lower in the [18F]FDG PET/CT group (2.19% vs. 5.15%; P < 0.05). The diagnostic time of [18F]FDG PET/CT was 18.33 ± 2.08 days, which was significantly shorter than 21.28 ± 1.25 days in CT group ( P < 0.05). The cost of [18F] FDG PETCT is 11428.35 yuan, and the cost of CT is 13287.52 yuan; the incremental cost is 1859.17 yuan. SUVmax > 6.3 combined with ALP > 103 U/L showed a tendency for tumor metastases with an AUC of 0.901 (95%CI 0.839 to 0.946, P < 0.001).

Conclusion
[18F]FDG PET/CT has better performance and cost-effectiveness than CT in determining the bone biopsy site for suspect bone metastases.

Trial registration
The prospective study was registered on 2018-04-10, and the registration number is ChiCTR1800015540.
Perturbation of mammary epithelial cell apicobasal polarity by RHBDF1-facilitated nuclear translocation of PKCζ
Authors: Zhao Huan-Yu , Zhu Yi-Pan , Wen Ying , Sun Jing , Ding Xin-Yu , Cao Xin-Yu , Wu Kai-Liang , Fu Li , Li Lu-Yuan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
The establishment of apicobasal polarity in epithelial cells is of critical importance in morphogenesis of mammary gland and other secretive gland tissues. The demise of the polarity is a critical step in early stages of tumorigenesis such as in breast ductal carcinoma in situ. The underlying molecular mechanism thus warrants in-depth investigations.

Results
Protein kinase C isoform ζ (PKCζ), which is highly expressed in breast cancer cells, accumulates in the nuclei of human mammary epithelial cells overexpressing human rhomboid family-1 (RHBDF1), an endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein. Nuclear translocation of PKCζ results in the failure of the formation of the cytosolic apicobasal polarity complex Par, of which PKCζ is an essential component. Additionally, enhanced nuclear translocation of PKCζ is accompanied by an inhibition of the expression of cell tight junction and adherens junction proteins and an increase of cell mobility. Mechanistically, RHBDF1 is able to interact with importin β1 and PKCζ and promote PKCζ phosphorylation. Consistently, treatment of RHBDF1-overexpressing cells with an inhibitor of PKCζ phosphorylation leads to restoration of apicobasal polarity and cell-cell junctions, as well as suppressed cell mobility.

Conclusions
RHBDF1-facilitated nuclear translocation of PKCζ is critically responsible for the dismantlement of epithelial cell apicobasal polarity, and thus may serve as a target in the development of therapeutic approaches against early stages of breast cancer.
Study on the therapeutic potential of induced neural stem cells for Alzheimer's disease in mice
Authors: Ji Qiongqiong , Lv Yuanhao , Hu Bei , Su Yue , Shaikh Imran Ibrahim , Zhu Xu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractInduced neural stem cells (iNSCs), which have similar properties to neural stem cells and are able to self-proliferate and differentiate into neural cell lineages, are expected to be potential cells for the treatment of neurodegeneration disease. However, cell therapy based on iNSCs transplantation is limited by the inability to acquire sufficient quantities of iNSCs. Previous studies have found that mouse and human fibroblasts can be directly reprogrammed into iNSCs with a single factor, Sox2. Here, we induced mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) into iNSCs by combining valproic acid (VPA) with the induction factor Sox2, and the results showed that VPA significantly improved the conversion efficiency of fibroblasts to iNSCs. The iNSCs exhibited typical neurosphere-like structures that can express NSCs markers, such as Sox2, Nestin, Sox1, and Zbtb16, and could differentiate into neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes in vitro. Subsequently, the iNSCs were stereotactically transplanted into the hippocampus of APP/PS1 double transgenic mice (AD mice). Post-transplantation, the iNSCs showed long-term survival, migrated over long distances, and differentiated into multiple types of functional neurons and glial cells in vivo. Importantly, the cognitive abilities of APP/PS1 mice transplanted with iNSCs exhibited significant functional recovery. These findings suggest that VPA enhances the conversion efficiency of fibroblasts into iNSCs when used in combination with Sox2, and iNSCs hold promise as a potential donor material for transplantation therapy in Alzheimer’s disease.
The International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education: content and authorship analysis 2010–2024
Authors: Bond Melissa 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn celebrating the 20th anniversary of the International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education (IJETHE), previously known as the Revista de Universidad y Sociedad del Conocimiento (RUSC), it is timely to reflect upon the shape and depth of educational technology research as it has appeared within the journal, in order to understand how IJETHE has contributed to furthering scholarship, and to provide future directions to the field. It is particularly important to understand authorship patterns in terms of equity and diversity, especially in regard to ensuring wide-ranging geographical and gender representation in academic publishing. To this end, a content and authorship analysis was conducted of 631 articles, published in RUSC and IJETHE from 2010 to June 2024. Furthermore, in order to contribute to ongoing efforts to raise methodological standards of secondary research being conducted within the field, an analysis of the quality of evidence syntheses published in IJETHE from 2018 to June 2024 was conducted. Common themes in IJETHE have been students’ experience and engagement in online learning, the role of assessment and feedback, teachers’ digital competencies, and the development and quality of open educational practices and resources. The authorship analysis revealed gender parity and an increasingly international identity, although contributions from the Middle East, South America and Africa remain underrepresented. The findings revealed a critical need for enhanced efforts to raise the methodological rigour of EdTech evidence syntheses, and suggestions are provided for how IJETHE can help move the field forwards. Key future research areas include educator professional development, the impact of digital tools on learning outcomes and engagement, the influence of social and contextual factors, the application of AI tools to support learning, and the use of multimodal data to analyse student learning across diverse contexts.
Effect of inappropriate solid waste on microplastic contamination in Balasore district and its aquatic environment
Authors: Mohanta Arun Kumar , Sahoo Chittaranjan , Jena Rajkumar , Sahoo Sthitaprajna , Bishoyi Sunil Kumar , Patra Biswajit , Dash Soumya Ranjan , Pradhan Biswajita 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Microplastic infection is now one of the world’s key environmental concerns. The most significant causes of microplastic contamination in aquatic ecosystems are coastal villages, coastal landfill sites, shipping activities and coastal dumping areas. Microplastic ingestion has been described in an inclusive assortment of aquatic ecosystems from different trophic levels. This paper provides scientific evidence of microplastic contamination in solid waste from various coastal sites in the Balasore district.

Results
The coastal village environment is composite sand soils and comprises numerous contaminants that have substantial effects on the detection of characterization results. Significant differences in the results of ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy determine many pollutants that are possibly affected by different aspects, including sampling and instrumental settings. Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) has been applied for the first time to the detection of microplastic content in solid wastes. In comparison with other techniques like Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, it allows the detection of smaller microparticles. Microplastics in the solid wastes occur at variable size from nm to µm and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy with Fourier transform infrared techniques are suitable for screening. In addition, gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) is becoming a valuable component of analytical platforms for monitoring plastic content. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging also detects different shapes of microplastics in solid wastes.

Conclusions
Our study offers fresh perspectives on critical environmental areas for further research as well as how rural populations worldwide should be involved in the future studies on plastic pollution. The presence of microplastics in solid waste has led to increased scrutiny and calls for regulation. Governments and organizations are exploring policies to reduce plastic waste and mitigate its impacts on the environment and human health.
Ischemia/reperfusion injury in acute human and experimental stroke: focus on thrombo-inflammatory mechanisms and treatments
Authors: Stoll Guido , Nieswandt Bernhard , Schuhmann Michael K. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Despite high recanalization rates of > 90% after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) clinical outcome in around 50% of treated acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients is still poor. Novel treatments augmenting the beneficial effects of recanalization are eagerly awaited, but this requires mechanistic insights to explain and overcome futile recanalization.

Main body
At least two mechanisms contribute to futile recanalization after cerebral large vessel occlusions (LVO): (i) the no reflow phenomenon as evidenced by randomly distributed areas without return of blood flow despite reperfusion of large cerebral arteries, and (ii) ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, the paradoxically harmful aspect of blood flow return in transiently ischemic organs. There is accumulating evidence from experimental stroke models that platelets and leukocytes interact and partly obstruct the microvasculature under LVO, and that platelet-driven inflammation (designated thrombo-inflammation) extends into the reperfusion phase and causes I/R injury. Blocking of platelet glycoprotein receptors (GP) Ib and GPVI ameliorated inflammation and I/R injury providing novel therapeutic options. Recently, MRI studies confirmed a significant, up to 40% infarct expansion after recanalization in AIS thereby proofing the existance of I/R injury in the human brain. Moreover, analysis of minute samples of ischemic arterial blood aspirated directly from the pial cerebral collateral circulation under LVO during the routine EVT procedure confirmed platelet activation and platelet-driven leukocyte accumulation in AIS and, thus, the principal transferability of pathophysiological stroke mechanisms from rodents to man. Two recently published clinical phase 1b/2a trials targeted (thrombo-) inflammation in AIS: The ACTIMIS trial targeting platelet GPVI by glenzocimab provided encouraging safety signals in AIS similar to the ApTOLL trial targeting toll-like receptor 4, a central receptor guiding stroke-induced innate immunity. However, both studies were not powered to show clinical efficacy.

Conclusions
The fact that the significance of I/R injury in AIS has recently been formally established and given the decisive role of platelet-leukocytes interactions herein, new avenues for adjunct stroke treatments emerge. Adjusted study designs to increase the probability of success are of outmost importance and we look forward from what can be learned from the so far unpublished, presumbably negative ACTISAFE and MOST trials.