bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Petrogenesis of rhyolite at Kalatage in the Eastern Tianshan, Northwest China: Evidences from geochemistry, zircon U–Pb geochronology, and Hf isotopes
Authors: Sun Xiaohui , Luan Yan , Tang Haoshu , Tan Xijuan 
Published: February 2018

The Central Asian Orogenic Belt was one of the most important sites for juvenile crustal growth during the Phanerozoic worldwide, and Eastern Tianshan, Northwest China, located in southern Central Asian Orogenic Belt, is one of the key areas for unravelling the accretionary processes and continental growth. Zircon U–Pb geochronological, Hf isotopic, and whole‐rock geochemical analyses are reported for the Upper Carboniferous Qishan Formation rhyolites from the Kalatage area in the middle of the Harlik–Dananhu arc, Eastern Tianshan, to investigate its petrogenesis and geodynamic setting. Zircon U–Pb ages obtained by laser‐ablation inductively coupled mass spectrometry (LA‐ICP‐MS) indicated that zircon crystallization age of the rhyolite was 299.1 ± 2.1 Ma. The rhyolites are classified as subalkaline and high‐K calc‐alkaline series with A/CNK values mainly lower than 1.10. The REE patterns exhibit right inclined curves with negative Eu anomalies, and the trace element spider diagrams show depletions in Nb, Ta, and Eu, which is consistent with the geochemical characteristics of the island arc calc‐alkaline magma suffered fractional crystallization. In situ zircons Hf isotopic analyses yielded positive initial εHf(t) values ranging from 8.0 to 11.9 and the two‐stage Hf isotope crustal model ages (TDMC) of 554 to 807 Ma. It indicated that the rhyolite was derived from remelting of juvenile crust. The geochemical data for the rhyolites indicate that they were probably generated in a suprasubduction zone setting. It is proposed that the North Tianshan oceanic crust subducted northward beneath the Harlik–Dananhu arc during the Late Upper Carboniferous, and the rhyolites were derived from remelting of juvenile crust and generated in a suprasubduction zone setting.
The contribution of smokefree outdoor areas in achieving New Zealand's Smokefree 2025 goal
Authors: Murad Manal , Marsh Louise , McGee Rob 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIssues addressedWith the adoption of Smokefree 2025, further commitment from local government to extend smokefree outdoor area policies is becoming increasingly important in the presence of high public support. The aim of this study was to identify local government commitment in the Canterbury/West Coast (CWC) region to the New Zealand Smokefree 2025 goal through provision of smokefree outdoor areas.MethodsDocument analysis of the different stages of council long‐term plans (LTPs) was undertaken, including 239 draft LTP documents, 5926 public submissions on these documents and 13 final LTP documents. A comparison between the 2015 final document and the 2012 final document was undertaken. Following this, semi‐structured telephone interviews were undertaken with council staff.ResultsNo council had referred to Smokefree 2025 or smokefree community spaces in any 2015 LTP draft document. Each of the CWC councils received a number of smokefree‐related submissions, with the main theme being the extension of current Smokefree Outdoor Area Policy. The final LTP documents showed that 5 councils had included a brief statement about Smokefree 2025. Smokefree issues were mentioned more often in the 2012 LTP compared to the 2015 LTP.ConclusionsThis research highlights a need for more commitment by local government to achieving the Smokefree 2025 goal.So what? There are opportunities for health groups to work with councils to try and enhance their overall commitment to Smokefree 2025 and promote wellbeing.
Financial constraints and productivity: Evidence from euro area companies
Authors: Ferrando Annalisa , Ruggieri Alessandro 
Published: February 2018

AbstractUsing firm‐level data from the Bureau van Dijk‐Amadeus database, we study the relation between firms' financial structure, access to external finance, and total factor productivity in several euro area countries along the period 1995–2011. To do so, we build a synthetic indicator of financial constraints using an a priori classification based on specific firm characteristics and measures of financial pressure, and we embed it into a production equation, which controls for the endogenous relation between labour decisions and productivity innovations. We find a negative and significant estimate for the elasticity of total factor productivity with financial constraints of −18%. This effect significantly amplifies in small, young, and private companies, it is likely to persist over time, and it increased during the recent financial crisis. A counterfactual exercise shows that peripheral countries are likely to gain between 19% and 22% of their average total factor productivity from free access to finance. Results are robust to several robustness checks.
ATTACHMENT IN INFANTS WITH CLEFT LIP AND/OR PALATE: MARGINAL SECURITY AND ITS CHANGES OVER TIME
Authors: Borghini Ayala , Despars Josée , Habersaat Stéphanie , Turpin Hélène , Monnier Maryline , Ansermet François , Hohlfeld Judith , Muller‐Nix Carole 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTThis study examines the attachment quality and how this changed over time among infants who had cleft lip and palate (CLP), by conducting a prospective longitudinal study addressing the effects of this type of perinatal event on the parent–infant relationship and the emotional development of the infants. At 12 months of age, the Strange Situation Paradigm (SSP; M. Ainsworth, M.C. Blehar, E. Waters, & T. Wall, 1978) was administered to a sample of 38 CLP infants (born between 2003 and 2010) and 17 healthy controls. At 4 years of age, the Attachment Story Completion Task (ASCT; I. Bretherton, D. Ridgeway, & J. Cassidy, 1990) was administered to 32 individuals from the CLP sample and 14 from the control group. As reported in the literature, CLP infants display secure attachment behaviors as frequently as do control infants (55%). However, a more detailed analysis of the attachment scales revealed that CLP infants show more avoidance and less proximity seeking. In addition, a closer examination of the subcategories of attachment styles revealed that most CLP infants (71%) displayed distal attachment strategies such as the B1/B2 or A1/A2 subcategories. At 4 years old, CLP infants clearly displayed more deactivation and less security than did the control sample. Moreover, when detailing the evolution of attachment individually, almost 60% of the CLP children showing distal strategies at 12 months became deactivated or disorganized when they reached 4 years. Indeed, subtle differences in attachment behaviors at 12 months old—which can be considered marginally secure at that age—may reveal attachment vulnerabilities, which seem to be more apparent over the course of development.
Communicating laboratory results through a Web site: Patients' priorities and viewpoints
Authors: Sabahi Azam , Ahmadian Leila , Mirzaee Moghademeh 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundPatients can access laboratory results using various technologies. The aim of this study was to integrate the laboratory results into the hospital Web site based on patients' viewpoints and priorities and to measure patients' satisfaction.MethodsThis descriptive‐analytical study was conducted in 2015. First, a questionnaire was distributed among 200 patients to assess patients' priorities to receive laboratory results through the Web site. Second, those who agreed (n = 95) to receive their laboratory results through the Web site were identified. Then, the required changes were made to the hospital Web site based on patients' viewpoints and priorities. Third, patients were divided into two groups. The first group received their laboratory results through the Web site on the date had been announced during their visit to the laboratory. The second group was informed by SMS once their results were shown on the Web site. After receiving laboratory results, patients' satisfaction was evaluated.ResultsMore than half of the participants (n = 53, 55.8%) were highly satisfied with receiving the results electronically. The higher number of people in SMS group (n = 9, 20.9%) reported that they were satisfied with time‐saving compared to other group (n = 2, 3.8%) (P = .04). Participants after receiving the results through the Web site considered the functionalities of reprinting (P < .0001) and timeliness (P = .017) more important.ConclusionIntegrating laboratory results into the hospital Web site based on the patients' viewpoints and priorities can improve patient satisfaction and lower the patients' concern regarding confidentiality of their results.
Effect of prenatal mindfulness training on depressive symptom severity through 18‐months postpartum: A latent profile analysis
Authors: Felder Jennifer N. , Roubinov Danielle , Bush Nicole R. , Coleman‐Phox Kimberly , Vieten Cassandra , Laraia Barbara , Adler Nancy E. , Epel Elissa 
Published: February 2018

AbstractObjectiveWe examined whether prenatal mindfulness training was associated with lower depressive symptoms through 18‐months postpartum compared to treatment as usual (TAU).MethodA controlled, quasi‐experimental trial compared prenatal mindfulness training (MMT) to TAU. We collected depressive symptom data at post‐intervention, 6‐, and 18‐months postpartum. Latent profile analysis identified depressive symptom profiles, and multinomial logistic regression examined whether treatment condition predicted profile.ResultsThree depressive symptom severity profiles emerged: none/minimal, mild, and moderate. Adjusting for relevant covariates, MMT participants were less likely than TAU participants to be in the moderate profile than the none/minimal profile (OR = 0.13, 95% CI = 0.03‐0.54, p = .005).ConclusionsPrenatal mindfulness training may have benefits for depressive symptoms during the transition to parenthood.
Protic Ionic Liquid Promoted One Pot Synthesis of 2‐amino‐4‐(phenyl)‐7‐methyl‐5‐oxo‐4H,5H‐pyrano[4,3‐b]pyran‐3‐carbonitrile Derivatives in Water and Their Antimycobacterial Activity
Authors: Mohire Priyanka P. , Chandam Dattatray R. , Patil Reshma B. , Kumbhar Digambar R. , Jadhav Sunetra J. , Patravale Ajinkya A. , Godase Vijaya P. , Ghosh Jai S. , Deshmukh Madhukar B. 
Published: February 2018

One pot three component reaction of 4‐hydroxy‐6‐methylpyran‐2‐one, 3‐methoxy benzaldehyde, and malononitrile in water using protic ionic liquid as a catalyst at room temperature afforded pyrano[4,3‐b]pyran derivatives. Protic ionic liquid has been proved to be an efficient and mild catalyst for the synthesis of pyrano[4,3‐b]pyran scaffolds due to their highly polar nature. The notable aspects of protic ionic liquid are easy availability, improved reaction rates, high product yields, simple workup procedure, recyclability, and reusability. Molecules docking studies have been performed on enzyme enoyl‐ACP‐reductase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The molecular docking simulation indicated plausible π‐alkyl and alkyl‐alkyl interactions between the amino acids and scaffolds. The synthesized derivatives have been evaluated for their in vitro antituberculotic activity against M. tuberculosis H37RV strain using Microplate Alamar Blue Assay method. Together, biological activity data and docking data showed that the tested scaffolds exhibited excellent antituberculotic activity.
South American precipitation changes simulated by PMIP3/CMIP5 models during the Little Ice Age and the recent global warming period
Authors: Díaz Leandro B. , Vera Carolina S. 
Published: February 2018

Large climate variations have been detected from paleoclimatic records in some regions of South America during the last 500 years. Among them, the Altiplano and the subtropical Andes regions exhibited wetter‐than‐normal conditions during the 17th century within the paleoclimatic period known as Little Ice Age (LIA). On the other hand, both regions experienced drier‐than‐normal conditions in the second part of the 20th century in association with the recent global warming period (GWP). This study provides an assessment of the ability of four models of the third phase of the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP3)/fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) experiments in reproducing those regional rainfall changes and the associated large‐scale circulation features.Climate models can represent qualitatively the temperature changes observed in South America in both periods, LIA and GWP, as compared to the control run, but they do not properly describe the associated precipitation changes. However, they can simulate, in some extent, the large‐scale circulation changes that previous works identified as important in driving the precipitation changes in both regions. Therefore, the assessment allows to detect the following changes in LIA (GWP): (a) equatorwards (polewards) displacement of the southern branch of the Hadley cell, in turn associated with wetter (drier) conditions in subtropical south America; (b) negative (positive) upper‐level zonal wind changes related with positive (negative) December, January and February (DJF) rainfall changes in the Altiplano; and (c) positive (negative) low‐level zonal wind changes associated to positive (negative) JJA rainfall changes in the subtropical Andes, being in turn related to hemispheric wind changes resembling a negative (positive) phase of the southern annular mode.
Human Liver Fatty Acid Binding Protein‐1 T94A Variant, Nonalcohol Fatty Liver Disease, and Hepatic Endocannabinoid System
Authors: Martin Gregory G. , Landrock Danilo , Dangott Lawrence J. , McIntosh Avery L. , Kier Ann B. , Schroeder Friedhelm 
Published: February 2018

AbstractHepatic endocannabinoids (EC) and their major binding/“chaperone” protein (i.e., liver fatty acid binding protein‐1 [FABP1]) are associated with development of nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) in animal models and humans. Since expression of the highly prevalent human FABP1 T94A variant induces serum lipid accumulation, it is important to determine its impact on hepatic lipid accumulation and the EC system. This issue was addressed in livers from human subjects expressing only wild‐type (WT) FABP1 T94T (TT genotype) or T94A variant (TC or CC genotype). WT FABP1 males had lower total lipids (both neutral cholesteryl esters, triacylglycerols) and phospholipids than females. WT FABP1 males' lower lipids correlated with lower levels of the N‐acylethanolamide DHEA and 2‐monoacylglycerols (2‐MAG) (2‐OG, 2‐PG). T94A expression in males increased the hepatic total lipids (triacylglycerol, cholesteryl ester), which is consistent with their higher level of CB1‐potentiating 2‐OG and lower antagonistic EPEA. In contrast, in females, T94A expression did not alter the total lipids, neutral lipids, or phospholipids, which is attributable to the higher cannabinoid receptor‐1 (CB1) agonist arachidonoylethanolamide (AEA) and its CB1‐potentiator OEA being largely offset by reduced potentiating 2‐OG and increased antagonistic EPEA. Taken together, these findings indicate that T94A‐induced alterations in the hepatic EC system contribute at least in part to the hepatic accumulation of lipids associated with NAFLD, especially in males.
Curcumin Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide‐Induced Hepatic Lipid Metabolism Disorder by Modification of m6A RNA Methylation in Piglets
Authors: Lu Na , Li Xingmei , Yu Jiayao , Li Yi , Wang Chao , Zhang Lili , Wang Tian , Zhong Xiang 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) regulates gene expression and affects cellular metabolism. In this study, we checked whether the regulation of lipid metabolism by curcumin is associated with m6A RNA methylation. We investigated the effects of dietary curcumin supplementation on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced liver injury and lipid metabolism disorder, and on m6A RNA methylation in weaned piglets. A total of 24 Duroc × Large White × Landrace piglets were randomly assigned to control, LPS, and CurL (LPS challenge and 200 mg/kg dietary curcumin) groups (n = 8/group). The results showed that curcumin reduced the increase in relative liver weight as well as the concentrations of aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase induced by LPS injection in the plasma and liver of weaning piglets (p < 0.05). The amounts of total cholesterol and triacylglycerols were decreased by curcumin compared to that by the LPS injection (p < 0.05). Additionally, curcumin reduced the expression of Bcl‐2 and Bax mRNA, whereas it increased the p53 mRNA level in the liver (p < 0.05). Curcumin inhibited the enhancement of SREBP‐1c and SCD‐1 mRNA levels induced by LPS in the liver. Notably, dietary curcumin affected the expression of METTL3, METTL14, ALKBH5, FTO, and YTHDF2 mRNA, and increased the abundance of m6A in the liver of piglets. In conclusion, the protective effect of curcumin in LPS‐induced liver injury and hepatic lipid metabolism disruption might be due to the increase in m6A RNA methylation. Our study provides mechanistic insights into the effect of curcumin in protecting against hepatic injury during inflammation and metabolic diseases.
Spherical and Worm‐Like Micelles from Fructose‐Functionalized Polyether Block Copolymers
Authors: Majdanski Tobias C. , Pretzel David , Czaplewska Justyna A. , Vitz Jürgen , Sungur Pelin , Höppener Stephanie , Schubert Stephanie , Schacher Felix H. , Schubert Ulrich S. , Gottschaldt Michael 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis paper presents the synthesis and characterization of d‐fructose modified poly(ethylene glycol) (Fru‐PEG) and fructose modified poly(ethylene glycol)‐block‐poly(ethyl hexyl glycidyl ether) (Fru‐PEG‐b‐PEHG) that are both prepared by initiation with isopropyliden protected fructose, followed by deprotection of the sugar. The block copolymers are self‐assembled into micelles, and are subsequently characterized by cryo‐TEM and dynamic light scattering. The fluorescent dye Nile red is encapsulated as a model hydrophobic compound and fluorescent marker to perform initial uptake tests with breast cancer cells. The uptake of sugar and nonsugar decorated micelles is compared.
First‐line nurse managers’ perceptions of the challenges involved in decision‐making when older patients’ wish to die
Authors: Holm Anne Lise , Berland Astrid Karin , Birkeland Arvid Karl , Severinsson Elisabeth 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to explore first‐line nurse managers’ perceptions of the challenges involved in decision‐making concerning older patients who wish to die.DesignA descriptive qualitative design in three communities in Norway between January 2016 and June 2016.MethodsQualitative focus group interviews with eight first‐line nurse managers.ResultsOne main theme and two themes were identified: Struggling to make the right decision, The challenge of social isolation and loneliness and When life becomes too painful and problematic. The sub‐themes revealed that: Arranging social meeting places where the older patients can talk to other older people is crucial. The participants explained that it was not an easy task to gain an overview of the older patients situation. The right decision could be encouraging the patients to talk about their problems by giving them more time, thereby showing that somebody cares about them.
Phosphorylation‐induced lateral rearrangements of thylakoid protein complexes upon light acclimation
Authors: Rantala Sanna , Tikkanen Mikko 
Published: February 2018

AbstractUnderstanding the mechanistic basis of balanced excitation energy distribution between photosystem II and photosystem I (PSII and PSI) requires detailed investigation of the thylakoid light‐harvesting system composed of energetically connected LHCII trimers. The exact mechanisms controlling the excitation energy distribution remain elusive, but reversible phosphorylation is known to be one important component. Here, we addressed the role of grana margins in regulation of excitation energy distribution, as these thylakoid domains host all the complexes of photosynthetic light reactions with dynamic response to environmental cues. First, the effect of detergents for the thylakoid membrane connectivity is explained. We show that a specific interaction between the separate LHCII trimers as well as between the LHCII trimers and the PSII and PSI–LHCI complexes is a prerequisite for energetically connected and functional thylakoid membrane. Second, we demonstrate that the optimization of light reactions under changing light conditions takes place in energetically connected LHCII lake and is attained by lateral rearrangements of the PSII–LHCII and PSI–LHCI–LHCII complexes depending especially on the phosphorylation status of the LHCII protein isoform LHCB2.
Transcriptome and phenotyping analyses support a role for chloroplast sigma factor 2 in red‐light‐dependent regulation of growth, stress, and photosynthesis
Authors: Oh Sookyung , Strand Deserah D. , Kramer David M. , Chen Jin , Montgomery Beronda L. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractSigma factor (SIG) proteins contribute to promoter specificity of the plastid‐encoded RNA polymerase during chloroplast genome transcription. All six members of the SIG family, that is, SIG1–SIG6, are nuclear‐encoded proteins targeted to chloroplasts. Sigma factor 2 (SIG2) is a phytochrome‐regulated protein important for stoichiometric control of the expression of plastid‐ and nuclear‐encoded genes that impact plastid development and plant growth and development. Among SIG factors, SIG2 is required not only for transcription of chloroplast genes (i.e., anterograde signaling), but also impacts nuclear‐encoded, photosynthesis‐related, and light signaling‐related genes (i.e., retrograde signaling) in response to plastid functional status. Although SIG2 is involved in photomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis, the molecular bases for its role in light signaling that impacts photomorphogenesis and aspects of photosynthesis have only recently begun to be investigated. Previously, we reported that SIG2 is necessary for phytochrome‐mediated photomorphogenesis specifically under red (R) and far‐red light, thereby suggesting a link between phytochromes and nuclear‐encoded SIG2 in light signaling. To explore transcriptional roles of SIG2 in R‐dependent growth and development, we performed RNA sequencing analysis to compare gene expression in sig2‐2 mutant and Col‐0 wild‐type seedlings at two developmental stages (1‐ and 7‐day). We identified a subset of misregulated genes involved in growth, hormonal cross talk, stress responses, and photosynthesis. To investigate the functional relevance of these gene expression analyses, we performed several comparative phenotyping tests. In these analyses, strong sig2 mutants showed insensitivity to bioactive GA3, high intracellular levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) indicative of a stress response, and specific defects in photosynthesis, including elevated levels of cyclic electron flow (CEF) and nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ). We demonstrated that SIG2 regulates a broader range of physiological responses at the molecular level than previously reported, with specific roles in red‐light‐mediated photomorphogenesis.
Sensitivity of ivacaftor to drug‐drug interactions with rifampin, a cytochrome P450 3A4 inducer
Authors: Guimbellot Jennifer S. , Acosta Edward P. , Rowe Steven M. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe CFTR potentiator ivacaftor is responsible for significant clinical improvements among a subset of patients with cystic fibrosis. Because it is a substrate of the cytochrome P450 system, specifically CYP3A4/5, ivacaftor is subject to significant drug‐drug interactions, including due to commonly used antimicrobials such as rifampin. While the interaction of rifampin and ivacaftor has been examined in vitro, severe adverse events resulting from this interaction have not been reported in the literature. In this report, we describe the termination of steady, long‐term improvement in a patient taking ivacaftor, resulting from the use of rifampin and precipitating a significant pulmonary exacerbation.