bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cancer precision medicine today: Towards omic information in healthcare systems
Authors: Maggi Norbert , Gazzarata Roberta , Ruggiero Carmelina , Lombardo Claudio , Giacomini Mauro 
Published: August 2018

Introduction: This article focuses on the integration of omics data in electronic health records and on interoperability aspects relating to big data analysis for precision medicine. Methods: Omics data integration methods for electronic health record and for systems interoperability are considered, with special reference to the high number of specific software tools used to manage different aspects of patient treatment. This is an important barrier against the use of this integrated approach in daily clinical routine. Results: The correct use of all three levels of interoperability (technical, semantic, and process interoperability) plays a key role in order to achieve an easy access to a significant amount of data, all with correct contextualization, which is the only way to obtain a real value from data for precision medicine. Conclusions: The proposed architecture could improve the potentialities of data routinely collected in many health information systems to form a real patient center information environment.
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in trauma: A single institution experience and review of the literature
Authors: Strumwasser Aaron , Tobin Joshua M , Henry Reynold , Guidry Chrissy , Park Caroline , Inaba Kenji , Demetriades Demetrios 
Published: August 2018

Introduction: Limited options exist for cardiovascular support of the trauma patient in extremis. This patient population offers challenges that are often considered insurmountable. This article identifies a heterogeneous group of trauma patients in extremis who may benefit from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Methods: Data were sourced from the medical records of all patients placed on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation following trauma at a Level I Trauma Center between 1 December 2016 and 1 December 2017. Results: All patients were male (N = 7), mostly with blunt injuries (n = 5), with an average age of 41 years and with an average Injury Severity Scores of 33 (median = 34). Two out of seven patients survived (28.5%). Survivors tended to have a longer duration on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (13.5 vs 3.8 days), had extracorporeal membrane oxygenation initiated later (15 vs 7.8 days), and had suffered a blunt injury. Two patients were initiated on veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (both non-survivors) and five were initiated on veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (two survivors, three non-survivors). Five patients were heparinized immediately (one survivor, four non-survivors), and two patients were heparinized after clotting was noted in the circuit (one survivor, one non-survivor). Three of the seven (42.8%) patients suffered cardiac arrest either prior to, or during, the initiation of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (all non-survivors). Discussion: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation use in the trauma patient in extremis is not standard; however, this article demonstrates that extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is feasible in a complex, heterogeneous patient population when treated at designated centers.
Featured Article: Deterioration of visual function mediated by senescence-associated endoplasmic reticulum stress in inflammatory tie2-TNF mice
Authors: Lenin Raji , Nagy Peter G , Gentry Jordy , Gangaraju Rajashekhar 
Published: August 2018

Stress-associated premature senescence plays a major role in retinal diseases. In this study, we investigated the relationship between endothelial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and cellular senescence in the development of retinal dysfunction. We tested the hypothesis that constant endothelial activation by transmembrane tumor necrosis factor-α (tmTNF-α) exacerbates age-induced visual deficits via senescence-mediated ER stress in this model. To address this, we employed a mouse model of chronic vascular activation using endothelial-specific TNF-α-expressing (tie2-TNF) mice at 5 and 10 months of age. Visual deficits were exhibited by tie2-TNF mice at both 5 months and 10 months of age, with the older mice showing statistically significant loss of visual acuity compared with tie2-TNF mice at age 5 months. The neural defects, as measured by electroretinogram (ERG), also followed a similar trend in an age-dependent fashion, with 10-month-old tie2-TNF mice showing the greatest decrease in “b” wave amplitude at 25 cd.s.m2 compared with age-matched wildtype (WT) mice and five-month-old tie2-TNF mice. While gene and protein expression from the whole retinal extracts demonstrated increased inflammatory (Icam1, Ccl2), stress-associated premature senescence (p16, p21, p53), and ER stress (Grp78, p-Ire1α, Chop) markers in five-month-old tie2-TNF mice compared with five-month-old WT mice, a further increase was seen in 10-month-old tie2-TNF mice. Our data demonstrate that tie2-TNF mice exhibit age-associated increases in visual deficits, and these data suggest that inflammatory endothelial activation is at least partly at play. Given the correlation of increased premature senescence and ER stress in an age-dependent fashion, with the loss of visual functions and increased endothelial activation, our data suggest a possible self-enhanced loop of unfolded protein response pathways and senescence in propagating neurovascular defects in this model. Impact statement Vision loss in most retinal diseases affects the quality of life of working age adults. Using a novel animal model that displays constant endothelial activation by tmTNF-α, our results demonstrate exacerbated age-induced visual deficits via premature senescence-mediated ER stress. We have compared mice of 5 and 10 months of age, with highly relevant human equivalencies of approximately 35- and 50-year-old patients, representing mature adult and middle-aged subjects, respectively. Our studies suggest a possible role for a self-enhanced loop of ER stress pathways and senescence in the propagation of retinal neurovascular defects, under conditions of constant endothelial activation induced by tmTNF-α signaling.
Fluid dynamics in syringomyelia cavities: Effects of heart rate, CSF velocity, CSF velocity waveform and craniovertebral decompression
Authors: Vinje V , Brucker J , Rognes ME , Mardal KA , Haughton V 
Published: August 2018

Purpose How fluid moves during the cardiac cycle within a syrinx may affect its development. We measured syrinx fluid velocities before and after craniovertebral decompression in a patient and simulated syrinx fluid velocities for different heart rates, syrinx sizes and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow velocities in a model of syringomyelia. Materials and methods With phase-contrast magnetic resonance we measured CSF and syrinx fluid velocities in a Chiari patient before and after craniovertebral decompression. With an idealized two-dimensional model of the subarachnoid space (SAS), cord and syrinx, we simulated fluid movement in the SAS and syrinx with the Navier-Stokes equations for different heart rates, inlet velocities and syrinx diameters. Results In the patient, fluid oscillated in the syrinx at 200 to 210 cycles per minute before and after craniovertebral decompression. Velocities peaked at 3.6 and 2.0 cm per second respectively in the SAS and the syrinx before surgery and at 2.7 and 1.5 cm per second after surgery. In the model, syrinx velocity varied between 0.91 and 12.70 cm per second. Increasing CSF inlet velocities from 1.56 to 4.69 cm per second increased peak syrinx fluid velocities in the syrinx by 151% to 299% for the three cycle rates. Increasing cycle rates from 60 to 120 cpm increased peak syrinx velocities by 160% to 312% for the three inlet velocities. Peak velocities changed inconsistently with syrinx size. Conclusions CSF velocity, heart rate and syrinx diameter affect syrinx fluid velocities, but not the frequency of syrinx fluid oscillation. Craniovertebral decompression decreases both CSF and syrinx fluid velocities.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Is an Independent Predictor for 30-Day Complications and Readmissions Following 1- to 2-Level Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion
Authors: Malik Azeem Tariq , Jain Nikhil , Kim Jeffery , Khan Safdar N. , Yu Elizabeth 
Published: August 2018

Study Design: Retrospective cohort. Objectives: To study evidence to assess the impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on 30-day outcomes following 1- to 2-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). Methods: The 2015-2016 American College of Surgeons-National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) database was queried using Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes 22 551 (single-level) and 22 552 (additional level). Patients undergoing disc arthroplasty, multilevel (>2) fusion, posterior cervical spine surgery, and patients with fracture, tumor, and/or infection were excluded. Results: Out of 14 835 patients undergoing an elective 1- to 2-level ACDF, 649 (4.4%) had a diagnosis of COPD at the time of the surgery. Following adjusted logistic regression analysis, prior history of COPD was significantly associated with a longer length of stay (odds ratio [OR] 1.25 [95% confidence interval (CI0 1.04-1.52]; P = .019), superficial surgical site infection (OR 2.68 [95% CI 1.06-6.80]; P = .038), discharge destination other than home (OR 1.49 [95% CI 1.05-2.12]; P = .026), pneumonia (OR 4.37 [95% CI 2.42-7.88]; P < .001), ventilator use >48 hours (OR 5.34 [95% CI 1.88-15.15]; P = .002), unplanned reintubation (OR 3.36 [1.48-7.62]; P = .004), and 30-day readmissions (OR 1.69 [95% CI 1.20-2.38]; P = .003). Conclusions: The findings of this study show that COPD patients are more likely to have postoperative complications and 30-day readmissions, despite elective ACDF itself being a low-risk surgery in general. Results show that majority of the complications were pulmonary in nature, further stressing the need for accurate medical optimization following surgery in these patients.
Clinical characteristics of patients with bipolar disorder and premorbid traumatic brain injury: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Drange Ole Kristian , Vaaler Arne Einar , Morken Gunnar , Andreassen Ole Andreas , Malt Ulrik Fredrik , Finseth Per Ivar 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Background
About one in ten diagnosed with bipolar disorder (BD) has experienced a premorbid traumatic brain injury (TBI), while not fulfilling the criteria of bipolar and related disorder due to another medical condition (BD due to TBI). We investigated whether these patients have similar clinical characteristics as previously described in BD due to TBI (i.e. more aggression and irritability and an increased hypomania/mania:depression ratio) and other distinct clinical characteristics.

Methods
Five hundred five patients diagnosed with BD type I, type II, or not otherwise specified, or cyclothymia were interviewed about family, medical, and psychiatric history, and assessed with the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) and the Inventory of Depressive Symptoms Clinician Rated 30 (IDS-C30). Principal component analyses of YMRS and IDS-C30 were conducted. Bivariate analyses and logistic regression analyses were used to compare clinical characteristics between patients with (n = 37) and without (n = 468) premorbid TBI.

Results
Premorbid TBI was associated with a higher YMRS disruptive component score (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.1–2.4, p = 0.0077) and more comorbid migraine (OR 4.6, 95% CI 1.9–11, p = 0.00090) independently of several possible confounders. Items on disruptive/aggressive behaviour and irritability had the highest loadings on the YMRS disruptive component. Premorbid TBI was not associated with an increased hypomania/mania:depression ratio.

Conclusions
Disruptive symptoms and comorbid migraine characterize BD with premorbid TBI. Further studies should examine whether the partial phenomenological overlap with BD due to TBI could be explained by a continuum of pathophysiological effects of TBI across the diagnostic dichotomy.
Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00201526. Registered September 2005 (retrospectively registered)
A synopsis and typification of names of taxa in Erythrocephalum (Asteraceae: Dicomeae)
Authors: Ortiz Santiago , Serrano Miguel , Carbajal Rodrigo , Pereira Coutinho António , Rodríguez-Oubiña Juan 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAn alphabetical list of all the validly published names of taxa in Erythrocephalum (Asteraceae: Dicomeae) is presented with details of all types of which four are new lectotypifications and three new neotypifications. The names first published in Achyrothalamus and Haemastegia are also included. All names are assigned to their accepted taxa in this synopsis, the first published for the genus, which also includes an analytical key and information on distribution.
Response to neotypification of Paecilomyceshepiali (Hypocreales) (Wang & al., 2015)
Authors: Dai Ru-Qin , Shen Chong-Yao , Li Xiao-Ming , Lan Jiang-Li , Lin Shu-Fang , Shao Ai-Juan 
Published: August 2018

AbstractPaecilomyces hepiali is a species of fungus isolated from a field collection of natural Cordyceps sinensis insect–fungi complex from the Baima Snow Mountains, Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province. A dried culture of living strain 82–2 was designated as the holotype and deposited in the Herbarium of the Institute of Chinese Materia Medica (HICMM), China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing. In 2015 a neotype was designated for P. hepiali based on the presumption that the holotype was unavailable for study. We show that the holotype is extant and available, and thus the neotypification is overturned.
Attractiveness of protected areas for geotourism purposes from the perspective of visitors: the example of Babiogórski National Park (Poland)
Authors: Widawski Krzysztof , Jary Zdzisław , Oleśniewicz Piotr , Owczarek Piotr , Markiewicz-Patkowska Julita , Zaręba Anna 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis article examines the tourist role of protected areas important for their unanimated nature potential. In Poland the highest form of legal protection is a national park. Babiogórski National Parks is one of 23 national parks in Poland. The aim of this article is to present its tourist attraction based on its geotourist potential considered by tourists who visit this park. At the beginning a brief history of protection of Babia Góra is presented. Based on stock-taking sightseeing method an analysis of the most important tourist attractiveness elements (like infrastructure or tourist values) is done. The focus on the values of unanimated nature is made grouping them into four main categories. As the result of research on infrastructure the most important accommodation units were indicated present at the surroundings of this National Park which is vital for its tourist capacity. For the correct functioning of tourist movement at the protected area the supporting infrastructure is important bearing a lot of functions. The function of channeling of the tourist movement as well as the didactic function are the most important for protection and correct use of geotourist values. Among the many elements of the supporting infrastructure the most important ones are tourist and didactic routes (their course and themes are presented). The most important part of the article is the presentation of the participants of the tourist movement opinions on the Babiogórski National Park tourist attractiveness. A survey was conducted and then analysed on 308 respondents in 2011. They were asked to judge both the quality of infrastructure as well as attraction of geotourist values together with their adaptation to reception by the tourist movement. The results analysis served as a base to appraise the state and perspectives for the geotourism development in Babiogórski National Park from the point of view of the receivers of tourist product i.e. the protected area.
First break psychosis in a young military veteran with cannabis use disorder: an educational case report
Authors: Riess Paulina , Sher Leo 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Psychotropic management of a first psychotic break is challenging for many psychiatrists. The literature shows that the use of cannabis is widespread in psychotic individuals. The literature also points to young males being most at risk for substance abuse. Studies also show that obstructive sleep apnea and the stress of the military lifestyle contribute to the development of psychosis. Here, we present a case study of a young non-combat veteran with a medical history of obstructive sleep apnea who presented to the Emergency Department of a Veteran’s Affairs hospital with symptoms consistent with a first psychotic break. On routine admission laboratory work, his urine toxicology screen was positive for cannabis. Given the widespread use of cannabis in individuals with psychosis, we suggest that it plays an important role in the regulation of psychosis and behavior.
Another Chapter of the Right Versus Left Story: Is Primary Tumor Location a Prognostic Feature in RAS Mutant Metastatic Colorectal Cancer?
Authors: Loupakis Fotios , Schirripa Marta , Intini Rossana , Bergamo Francesca , Bertorelle Roberta , Fassan Matteo , Dadduzio Vincenzo , Merigliano Stefano , Pilati Pierluigi , Urso Emanuele Luca Damiano , Cillo Umberto , Rugge Massimo , Lonardi Sara , Zagonel Vittorina 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Background
The prognostic value of primary tumor location (PTL) in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) was reported by recent analyses in RAS wild-type patients. Here, we investigated the prognostic value of PTL in RAS mutated mCRC patients.

Materials and Methods
PTL was defined as left or right if distal or proximal to the splenic flexure. Primary endpoint was overall survival (OS) according to PTL. Subgroup analyses were conducted according to time to metastases and RAS mutation subtypes.

Results
Five hundred sixty-four patients were included. Left- and right-sided cases were 65% and 35%, respectively. No difference in OS was detected according to PTL (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.99, p = .964). No difference in OS was observed in right versus left when looking at synchronous (HR 0.92, p = .557) or metachronous (HR 1.07, p = .807) patients.

Conclusion
No OS difference was detected in RAS mutated mCRC. Molecular and clinical features able to improve prognosis and treatment strategies in this setting are needed.
Permanent Chemotherapy-Induced Alopecia in Patients with Breast Cancer: A 3-Year Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Kang Danbee , Kim Im-Ryung , Choi Eun-Kyung , Im Young Hyuck , Park Yeon Hee , Ahn Jin Seok , Lee Jeong Eon , Nam Seok Jin , Lee Hae Kwang , Park Ji-Hye , Lee Dong-Youn , Lacouture Mario E. , Guallar Eliseo , Cho Juhee 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Background
Although chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA) is considered temporary, some patients report persistent alopecia several years after chemotherapy. There is, however, a paucity of long-term prospective data on the incidence and impact of permanent CIA (PCIA). The objective of our study was to estimate the long-term incidence of PCIA in a cohort of patients with breast cancer whose hair volume and density were measured prior to chemotherapy and who were followed for 3 years after chemotherapy.

Materials and Methods
Prospective cohort study of consecutive patients ≥18 years of age with postoperative diagnosis of stage I–III breast cancer expected to receive adjuvant chemotherapy at the outpatient breast cancer clinic at the Samsung Medical Center in Seoul, Korea, from February 2012 to July 2013 (n = 61). Objective hair density and thickness were measured using a noninvasive bioengineering device.

Results
The proportion of participants who had PCIA at 6 months and 3 years was 39.5% and 42.3%, respectively. PCIA was characterized in most patients by incomplete hair regrowth. Patients who received a taxane-based regimen were more likely to experience PCIA compared with patients with other types of chemotherapy. At a 3-year follow-up, hair thinning was the most common problem reported by study participants (75.0%), followed by reduced hair volume (53.9%), hair loss (34.6%), and gray hair (34.6%).

Conclusion
PCIA is a common adverse event of breast cancer adjuvant cytotoxic chemotherapy. Clinicians should be aware of this distressing adverse event and develop supportive care strategies to counsel patients and minimize its impact on quality of life.

Implications for Practice
Knowledge of permanent chemotherapy-induced alopecia, an under-reported adverse event, should lead to optimized pretherapy counseling, anticipatory coping techniques, and potential therapeutic strategies for this sequela of treatment.
FDA Approval Summary: Vemurafenib for the Treatment of Patients with Erdheim-Chester Disease with the BRAFV600 Mutation
Authors: Oneal Patricia A. , Kwitkowski Virginia , Luo Lola , Shen Yuan Li , Subramaniam Sriram , Shord Stacy , Goldberg Kirsten B. , McKee Amy E. , Kaminskas Edvardas , Farrell Ann , Pazdur Richard 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

On November 6, 2017, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted regular approval to vemurafenib for the treatment of adult patients with Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) with BRAFV600 mutation. ECD is a type of histiocytosis, a rare disorder characterized by an abnormal accumulation and behavior of cells of the mononuclear phagocytic system, which includes antigen-processing cells, dendritic cells, monocytes, or macrophages. Recently published data confirm a frequency of 54% of BRAFV600E mutations in patients with ECD.
Approval was based on a cohort of 22 patients who received 960 mg of vemurafenib twice daily within the VE Basket Trial (MO28072), a single-arm, multicenter, multiple cohort study. Patients in the ECD cohort had histologically confirmed ECD with BRAFV600 mutations that were refractory to standard therapy. The ECD cohort achieved an overall response rate of 54.5% (95% confidence interval: 32.2–75.6), with a complete response rate of 4.5%. With a median duration of follow-up of 26.6 months, the median duration of response has not been reached. The most frequently reported adverse reactions (&gt;50%) in the ECD cohort were arthralgia, rash maculo-papular, alopecia, fatigue, electrocardiogram QT interval prolonged, and skin papilloma. The median treatment duration for ECD patients in this study was 14.2 months. This article describes the FDA review of the vemurafenib efficacy supplement for patients with ECD with BRAFV600 mutations.

Implications for Practice
Vemurafenib, an oral monotherapy targeting a mutation in BRAF, is the first U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval for the treatment of Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD). ECD is an extremely rare hematopoietic neoplasm that represents clonal proliferation of myeloid progenitor cells. ECD may involve bone and one or more organ systems, primarily affecting adults in their 5th and 7th decades of life, with a slight male predominance. This approval provides an effective and reasonably safe therapy for patients with a serious and life-threatening condition for which no approved therapy exists.
The economic feasibility of introducing transport innovations in the field of motor fuel
Authors: Khramtsova N. A. 
Published: August 2018

Remains a pressing problem of the feasibility of financing expensive innovation activities of transport, not many companies can afford to apply the latest achievements of science and technology due to the lack of a clear strategy of introducing new innovative technologies. The article discusses the technological factors that include increasing the life of the vehicle by increasing the engine life and also increase the level of innovativeness of the organization in the eyes of customers and competitors. Compiled a list of the main factors that may affect a decision about buying an innovative truck. Thus, the aim of the research is to justify expediency of introduction of innovative trucks on the methane gas, the enterprises of the Omsk region.