bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distribution and drivers of symbiotic and free-living diazotrophic cyanobacteria in the western tropical South Pacific
Authors: Stenegren Marcus , Caputo Andrea , Berg Carlo , Bonnet Sophie , Foster Rachel A. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract. The abundance and distribution of cyanobacterial diazotrophs were quantified
in two regions (Melanesian archipelago, MA; and subtropical gyre, SG) of the
western tropical South Pacific using nifH quantitative polymerase
chain reaction (qPCR) assays. UCYN-A1 and A2 host populations were quantified
using 18S rRNA qPCR assays including one newly developed assay. All
phylotypes were detected in the upper photic zone (0–50 m), with higher
abundances in the MA region. Trichodesmium and UCYN-B dominated and
ranged from 2.18 × 102 to 9.41 × 106 and
1.10 × 102 to 2.78 × 106 nifH copies
L−1, respectively. Het-1 (symbiont of Rhizosolenia diatoms) was
the next most abundant (1.40 × 101–1.74 × 105
nifH copies L−1) and co-occurred with het-2 and het-3. UCYN-A1
and A2 were the least abundant diazotrophs and were below detection (bd) in
63 and 79, respectively, of 120 samples. In addition, in up to 39 % of
samples in which UCYN-A1 and A2 were detected, their respective hosts were
bd.
Pairwise comparisons of the nifH abundances and various
environmental parameters supported two groups: a deep-dwelling group (45 m)
comprised of UCYN-A1 and A2 and a surface group (0–15 m) comprised of
Trichodesmium, het-1 and het-2. Temperature and photosynthetically
active radiation were positively correlated with the surface group, while
UCYN-A1 and A2 were positively correlated with depth, salinity, and oxygen.
Similarly, in a meta-analysis of 11 external datasets, all diazotrophs,
except UCYN-A were correlated with temperature. Combined, our results
indicate that conditions favoring the UCYN-A symbiosis differ from those of
diatom diazotroph associations and free-living cyanobacterial diazotrophs.
International Perspectives on Designing Professional Practice Doctorates Book Review
Authors: Hawkins Jacqueline 
Published: March 2018

This review demonstrates how Dr. Valerie Storey and her colleagues have helped to enlighten the activities of CPED member institutions by providing a global perspective on the EdD. Discussion links the various facets of the book to historical, structural, operational, and evaluative aspects of our future design work. Takeaways from the review are provided for those of us who are leading the reclamation and transformation of the education doctorate.
Entre magie et séduction. Une exposition d’art naïf au Musée d’art naïf, Magog, Québec
Authors: Streicher Anglade Corinne 
Published: March 2018

Rapport d'exposition d'art haïtien au musée Magog, 2017, par la commissaire, Corinne Streicher Anglade; avec un historique des collections de cet art et une indication de ses symbolismes
Toezicht in de Wiv 2017
Authors: Hagens Mireille 
Published: March 2018

Oversight in the Intelligence and Security Services Act 2017
The new Intelligence and Security Services Act 2017 has generated a lot of criticism in The Netherlands. Although the act was adopted in parliament in July 2017, the implementation will take place in May 2018. Beforehand an advisory referendum will give the public the opportunity to express their opinion on the new act: the modernisation of the investigatory powers of the services and the strengthening of the necessary safeguards and oversight mechanisms. Both have met with their share of criticism. In this paper the focus is on the enhanced oversight mechanism. It is argued that although different choices could have been made regarding the organisation of oversight, the new system fulfills the requirements set by the European Court of Human Rights. The real question is whether the new act provides for effective and strong oversight in practice to ensure a proper balance between national security and privacy protection in this digital era. The opportunities and challenges are explored.
De ingetrokken 403-verklaring van Shell: een tactische zet?
Authors: van Dooren E.A. 
Published: March 2018

De ingetrokken 403-verklaring van Shell: een tactische zet?
De afgelopen tijd berichtten de media uitgebreid over het feit dat Shell haar 403-verklaring ten aanzien van groepsmaatschappij NAM had ingetrokken. In deze column onderzoekt de auteur de (mogelijke) motieven van Shell om deze verklaring in te trekken, en wat dit betekent voor de positie van Shell met betrekking tot de aardbevingsschade in Groningen.
Evaluation of Functional Outcome of Silicone Intubation on Patency of Lacrimal System in Canalicular Obstruction and Revision Surgeries
Authors: Joshi Rashmi , Maharia Sarita , Kochar Anju 
Published: March 2018

Purpose:-
The purpose of the present study is to report authors’ experience of functional outcome of Silicone intubation on patency of lacrimal system in canalicular obstruction and revision surgeries.

Materials and Methods:-
This study was conducted at Sardar Patel Medical College from January 2015 to March 2017. A total of 32 cases were enrolled in this study. Twelve patients of canalicular block and 20 patients of various failed DCR techniques were recruited for the study. Two patients had failed DCR twice, and 18 patients had failed DCR once. Twelve of these previous failed DCR were endoscopic DCR, and 6 were external dacryocystorhinostomy (E-DCR). All cases were operated by a single surgeon using the same technique of intubation.

Results:-
In our study we found that Silicone intubation is an effective method for treating canalicular block and failed DCR. Silicone tube is soft, relatively inert, and flexible, causing minimal injury to the delicate canaliculi and nasal mucosa. It maintained duct patency by maintaining an opening.
The main outcome measures were the resolution of epiphora and the anatomical and functional successes by patency on follow up.

Conclusion:-
The success rates reported for silicone intubation range from 69% to 100% in various studies. The 94.5% success rate noted in the present study is entirely comparable to these previously reported results, with minimal complication.
The Meyer–Schuster Rearrangement
Authors: Vidari Giovanni , Chiodi Debora , Porta Alessio , Zanoni Giuseppe 
Published: October 2024

The Meyer–Schuster rearrangement corresponds to a formal 1,3‐shift of a propargylic alcohol to afford the corresponding α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl compound via tautomerization of an allenol intermediate. The original acidic and harsh conditions have been replaced with mild and selective conditions that are compatible with a variety of functional and protecting groups. Commonly employed strategies include the activation of propargylic alcohols as esters, transition‐metal catalysis (e.g., gold complexes and oxometal complexes), and the C–H bond activation of terminal propargylic alcohols by transition‐metal insertion. The Meyer–Schuster rearrangement has been extended to all classes of propargylic alcohols and esters, including Csp‐heteroatom‐substituted alkynols, as well as to propargylic amine derivatives (i.e., the aza‐Meyer–Schuster rearrangement). Moreover, the rearrangement can be employed in inter‐ and intramolecular one‐pot consecutive reactions, wherein multiple carbon–carbon and/or carbon–heteroatom bonds are formed.The Meyer–Schuster reaction exhibits a high atom economy, simple experimental procedures, and good‐to‐excellent product yields and stereoselectivities. Moreover, starting materials are easily accessible, and any toxic metals are employed in substoichiometric amounts. As such, the Meyer–Schuster rearrangement compares favorably with other standard protocols, such as the Wittig reaction, for the preparation of α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl compounds and derivatives.This review covers the literature since the identification of the reaction up to the end of 2020 and includes relevant references through November 2023. Both the mechanistic features and the regio‐ and stereoselectivity issues are discussed as they relate to the reaction conditions. The scope and limitations of the reaction are presented, as are a selection of synthetic applications, several general experimental procedures, and a comparison of the Meyer–Schuster rearrangement with other known methods. Finally, the tabular survey highlights the broad range of starting materials and products possible with the Meyer–Schuster rearrangement.
Dual Electric Field Coupling with Tunable Schottky Barrier Synergistically Regulating Electronic Configuration in CoP@Ni‐CdS Heterojunction for Efficient Photocatalytic H2 Evolution
Authors: Zhang Xinlei , Wu Fei , Li Guicun , Wang Lei , Huang Jianfeng , Song Aili , Meng Alan , Li Zhenjiang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDesigning and exploiting visible‐light‐responsive materials that converts solar into chemical energy is promising in achieving green energy sustainability, but addressing low electron–hole separation efficiency and sluggish surface kinetic process remains formidable challenges. Herein, a novel CoP@Ni‐CdS Schottky junction composed of Ni‐doped CdS nanorods and quasi‐metallic CoP nanoparticles is constructed via a simple hydrothermal–calcination method. Experiments and theoretical calculations demonstrate that magnetic Ni‐doping not only induces a spin‐polarized electric field and enhances the built‐in interfacial electric field strength, but also rises the Schottky barrier height at the heterointerface, which synergistically accelerates the separation efficiency of photoinduced charges and modulates the electronic configuration of the active site to optimize the adsorption–desorption behaviors for H2O molecules and H* intermediates. Therefore, the designed CoP@Ni‐CdS catalyst exhibits an exceptional photocatalytic performance with H2 evolution rate of 42.14 mmol g−1 h−1 with the apparent quantum efficiencies of 16.8% at 420 nm, which is 14.14 and 2.21 times higher than that of pristine CdS and Ni‐CdS, respectively. This work provides in‐depth insights into fabricating dual electric fields, tuning the Schottky barrier and modulating the electronic configuration of active sites in Schottky heterojunction for ameliorative photocatalytic activity.
CVD‐Synthesized CsAg2I3 Single Crystals toward Polarization UV Photodetection and Anti‐Counterfeiting Identification
Authors: Yu Mengxin , Zhai Yalin , Xu Kai , Song Ruijie , Wan Peng , Shi Daning , Kan Caixia , Fang Xiaosheng , Jiang Mingming 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLow‐dimensional ternary silver halide (CsAg2I3), an emerging inorganic lead‐free perovskite, has garnered significant scientific attention due to its strong quantum confinement effects, wide bandgaps, non‐toxicity, and others. However, the photophysical properties and optoelectronic performance of CsAg2I3 materials and devices are significantly compromised by crystal quality and defects arising from liquid‐phase preparation. Herein, 1D CsAg2I3 single crystals newly grown by the chemical vapor deposition method are reported. These crystals display exceptional quality and stability over a 3‐month period despite exposure to air and moisture. The high in‐plane anisotropic structure, phonon vibrations, and refractive index of CsAg2I3 crystals are also experimentally elucidated. Polarization‐sensitive ultraviolet photodetector based on the CsAg2I3 monocrystal features a responsivity of 139 mA W−1, a specific detectivity of 1.05 × 1011 cm Hz1/2 W−1, an ultra‐fast photoresponse speed of 48.2/69.1 µs, and a dichroic ratio of 2.66 upon 360 nm irradiation at −5.0 V bias. The photodetector excels amongst its competitors, moving toward the potential application of rapid optical anti‐counterfeiting identification. This work, which leverages grown high‐crystalline and highly stable CsAg2I3 monocrystals, holds promises for advancing this functional material into a robust next‐generation optoelectronic devices capable of probing sensitive optical sensing and specific azimuth recognition.
Field‐Free Spin‐Orbit Torque Switching in Perpendicularly Magnetized Ta/CoFeB/MgO/NiO/Ta with a Canted Antiferromagnetic Insulator NiO Interlayer
Authors: Zhang Zhe , Li Zhuoyi , Chen Yuzhe , Zhu Fangyuan , Yan Yu , Li Yao , He Liang , Du Jun , Zhang Rong , Wu Jing , Xu Yongbing , Lu Xianyang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this study, deterministic current‐induced spin‐orbit torque (SOT) magnetization switching is achieved, particularly in systems with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA), without the need for a collinear in‐plane field, a traditionally challenging requirement. In a Ta/CoFeB/MgO/NiO/Ta structure, spin reflection at the MgO/NiO interface generates a spin current with an out‐of‐plane spin polarization component σz. Notably, the sample featuring 0.8 nm MgO and 2 nm NiO demonstrates an impressive optimal switching ratio approaching 100% without any in‐plane field. A systematic investigation of the effects of the MgO and NiO thickness demonstrates that the formation of noncollinear spin structures and canted magnetization in the ultrathin NiO interlayer plays a pivotal role to the field‐free SOT switching. The integration of NiO as an antiferromagnetic insulator effectively mitigates current shunting effects and enhances the thermal stability of the device. This advancement in the CoFeB/MgO system holds promise for significant applications in spintronics, marking a crucial step toward realizing innovative technologies.
Hierarchical Flower Array NiCoOOH@CoLa‐LDH Nanosheets for High‐Performance Supercapacitor and Alkaline Zn Battery
Authors: Zhang Ding , Hua Ying‐jie , Fu Xiao‐man , Cheng Chun‐yu , Kong De‐meng , Zhang Mei‐ling , Lei Bing‐Xin , Liu Zhao‐Qing 
Published: October 2024

AbstractNickel oxyhydroxide based energy storage materials have been largely confined by insufficient exposure of active sites which results in low energy efficiency and poor stability. In order to resolve the problems, hierarchical flower array heterostructure NiCoOOH@CoLa‐LDH (denoted as NC@CL) nanosheets are designed with NiCo oxyhydroxide (NiCoOOH, denoted as NC) being tightly covered on CoLa layered double hydroxide (CoLa‐LDH, denoted as CL) nanosheet. This rational design creates more active sites, enlarges the electrode‐electrolyte contact area, improves electron conductivity, and prevents agglomeration during the cycling charge–discharge processes. Density functional theory calculations and differential charges concurrently illustrate that heterostructure formation optimizes the reaction kinetics and promotes electron redistribution. Benefiting from the heterogeneous structure and rich electro‐active sites caused by NC, NC@CL displays outstanding reversible specific capacitance (3228 F g−1 at 1 A g−1). The aqueous rechargeable alkaline Zn battery NC@CL//Zn exhibits a high capacity of 381.1 mA h g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 and cycling durability (98% capacity retention after cycling at 5 A g−1 for 2000 cycles). The excellent electrochemical performances indicate that NC@CL has great application potential as electrode material for aqueous energy storage device.
Colloidal Quantum Dots‐Based Photoelectrochemical‐Type Optoelectronic Synapse
Authors: Gu Liping , Li Xin , Xia Li , Zhao Hongyang , Wang Binyu , Li Zhuojian , Wang Zhiming M. , Tong Xin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCurrent artificial neuromorphic systems are mainly constructed using solid‐state optoelectronic synaptic devices, limiting their potential artificial intelligence applications in liquid medium. Here, colloidal CuInGaSe/ZnSe quantum dots (QDs) with environment‐benign feature and broad visible light absorption are prepared to fabricate a photoelectrochemical (PEC)‐type optoelectronic synaptic device operating in aqueous electrolyte, enabling unique biological synaptic behaviors including paired‐pulse facilitation (PPF), short‐term plasticity (STP), long‐term plasticity (LTP) and learning‐forgetting‐relearning process when simulated by optical pulses with various wavelength, pulse number, frequency, power density, and applied voltage. These results demonstrate the feasibility of building PEC‐type optoelectronic synapses using colloidal QDs, paving the way to realize available optoelectronic synaptic devices for prospective underwater artificial intelligence technology.
Bonding Interactions Can Drive Topological Phase Transitions in a Zintl Antiferromagnetic Insulator
Authors: Berry Tanya , Moya Jaime M. , Smiadak David , Lee Scott B. , Aharon Sigalit , Zevalkink Alexandra , McQueen Tyrel M. , Schoop Leslie M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWhile ∼30% of materials are reported to be topological, topological insulators are rare. Magnetic topological insulators (MTI) are even harder to find. Identifying crystallographic features that can host the coexistence of a topological insulating phase with magnetic order is vital for finding intrinsic MTI materials. Thus far, most materials that are investigated for the determination of an MTI are some combination of known topological insulators with a magnetic ion such as MnBi2Te4. Motivated by the recent success of EuIn2As2, the role of chemical pressure on topologically trivial insulator is investigated, Eu5In2Sb6 via Ga substitution. Eu5Ga2Sb6 is predicted to be topological but is synthetically difficult to stabilize. The intermediate compositions between Eu5In2Sb6 and Eu5Ga2Sb6 are observed through theoretical works to explore a topological phase transition and band inversion mechanism. The band inversion mechanism is attributed to changes in Eu–Sb hybridization as Ga is substituted for In due to chemical pressure. Eu5In4/3Ga2/3Sb6 is also synthesized, the highest Ga concentration in Eu5In2‐xGaxSb6, and report the thermodynamic, magnetic, transport, and Hall properties. Overall, the work paints a picture of a possible MTI via band engineering and explains why Eu‐based Zintl compounds are suitable for the co‐existence of magnetism and topology.
A Wide‐Temperature Adaptive Electrochromic Device Based on a Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Poly(acrylic acid) Gel Electrolyte
Authors: Li Qianwen , Li Jiacheng , Wang Wenqi , Ma Dongyun , Li Guisheng , Wang Jinmin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAs a promising energy‐saving technology, electrochromic technology has been widely investigated for practical applications. However, there is relatively few research about the applications under certain extreme climatic conditions since gel electrolytes often occur freezing and volatilizing. In this work, a poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(acrylic acid) (PVA/PAA) gel electrolyte with good anti‐freezing and heat‐resistance performance is developed. Utilizing hydrated tungsten oxide (WO3·xH2O) and polyaniline (PANI) as electrochromic materials and the PVA/PAA gel as electrolyte, a WO3·xH2O/PVA/PAA‐ethylene glycol (EG)‐H2O/PANI electrochromic device (WO3·xH2O/PAEH/PANI ECD) is obtained, which can work efficiently at wide operating temperatures from −20 to 60 °C. The device has multiple reversible color changes, a large optical modulation of 66.2% at 600 nm, high coloration efficiency of 386.0 cm2 C−1, fast responses (with coloration/bleaching times of 1.3/1.1 s), as well as excellent cyclic stability (82.0% of the initial optical modulation is still retained after 2100 cycles). This work reveals the potential application prospects of PAEH gel electrolyte in practical extreme operating conditions.
Hyperglycemia Targeting Nanomotors for Accelerated Healing of Diabetic Wounds by Efficient Microenvironment Remodeling
Authors: Lin Jinwei , Lian Chenxi , Xu Leilei , Li Zhengshang , Guan Qiaoxin , Wei Wenying , Dai Honglian , Guan Jianguo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMultifunctional nanoagents are robust to remodel environments for managing chronic diabetic wounds. However, their delivery primarily relies on Brownian motion and randomly enhanced diffusion. Here, taking advantage of wound heterogeneity, such as the uneven distribution of glucose, hyperglycemia targeting nanomotors are proposed. They are capable of efficiently targeting hyperglycemic interfaces in diabetic wounds for significantly accelerating their healing by employing endogenous glucose‐activated cascade reactions and responding to local glucose gradients. Compared to previous counterparts, they show a four‐fold enhancement in effective coverage within 60 s and a multiplied accumulation at hyperglycemic interfaces, facilitating deep penetration. Correspondingly, the downregulation of glucose levels is apparently enhanced, while pH‐lowering and oxygen‐supplying are both improved. In comparison to the counterparts delivered by passive diffusion and randomly enhanced diffusion, the hyperglycemia targeting nanomotor‐based spray accelerates the wound healing upon diabetic mice by approximately 30% and 23%, resulting from the restricted inflammatory response, effective reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging and elevated vascular endothelial growth factor levels (VEGF). This study presents a generally efficient approach to facilitating the targeted delivery of nanoagents for the effective management of diabetic wounds by utilizing wound heterogeneity, which can be extended to other therapeutic systems.
A Stone‐Cottage‐Inspired Printing Strategy to Build Microsphere Patterned Scaffolds for Accelerated Bone Regeneration
Authors: Chen Zhigang , Wang Xiao , Liu Juan , Liu Kaizheng , Li Shun , Wu Mingming , Wu Zhongqing , Wang Zhenming , Shi Yu , Ruan Changshun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe physical microtopography, in an effective and stable manner, can powerfully confer biomaterials with enhanced osteoconduction for the repair of critical‐sized bone defects. However, the realization of the osteoconductive microtopography within a 3D porous scaffold is still unmet. Herein, this work presents a stone‐cottage‐inspired printing strategy to build microsphere patterned scaffolds with a tunable microtopography for accelerated bone regeneration. The customized composite inks of poly (lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) microspheres as “Stone” and alginate hydrogels as “Mortar” endow the fibers of as‐printed scaffolds with a stable and tunable groove‐ridge microstructure. Owing to this microtopography, microsphere patterned scaffolds significantly promote cell recruitment, immune response, angiogenesis, and osteogenesis. Meanwhile, compared to 55 and 85 µm, 25 µm width of groove‐ridge microstructure displays the most osteoconduction for repair of critical bone defects. Mechanistically, while cells prefer to adhere to microstructure with a bigger width and higher modulus in the early phase, this microstructure should also act as a barrier for cell growth and its smaller width is more beneficial for cell communication and differentiation in the later phase. Overall, it provides a robust strategy to fabricate the osteoconductive microtopography within a 3D scaffold, broadening the manipulation of physical morphology in tissue engineering.