bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
QEEG Evidence for Stress-Reducing Effects of BLAST Technology in Hispanic Individuals
Authors: Bridges R , Di Loreto D , Kade E , Serin A 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this archival study was to utilize quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) recordings to explore the effects of Bilateral Alternating Stimulation Tactile (BLAST) technology on Hispanic individuals following the recollection of a stressful event. It was hypothesized that significant changes in the participants’ qEEG recordings would occur following the BLAST condition and that would, in turn, represent decreases in anxiety.

Participants and Method
The clinical sample consisted of 6 Hispanic individuals: 3 identified as Nicaraguan, and 3 identified as Hispanic/Biracial. Ages of the participants ranged from 6 years to 51 years, and they had various diagnoses such as ADHD, Specific Learning Disability, and Anxiety. 19-channel 5-minute qEEG recordings were collected utilizing a NeuroField Q20 amplifier and was stored using NeuroGuide at three different time points: a baseline measure when thinking of the stressful event, during the delivery of BLAST, and after removing the devices. Paired t-test analyses were conducted before and after BLAST with NeuroGuide’s Neurostat software.

Results
EEG recordings comparing the stress condition to the BLAST condition exhibited reduced activity in right frontal Theta at 4-8 Hz in the frontal channel locations (FP2, F4, and C4). Significant reductions were also found in Beta 1 at 12-14 Hz in the frontal channel locations (F3, FP2, and F7), reductions in Gamma at 40-50 Hz at C4, reductions in Delta (1-4 Hz) and Theta (4-8 Hz) at C4. Additionally, increases in high Beta (25-30 Hz) and Beta 2 were found at C4.

Conclusions
The results indicate that BLAST technology may be an appropriate intervention for Hispanic individuals to reduce cortex activity associated with anxiety and stress. Generalizability is difficult due to the study’s small sample size. Thus, a larger sample size should be recruited and tested to determine the sustainability of the effects in a more inclusive population.
Does Literacy Moderate the Relationship between Age of Migration and Cognitive Change: Results from the Washington Heights-Inwood Community Aging Project (WHICAP)
Authors: Carrión C I , Arias F , Diaz-Santos M , Levy S-A , Hill-Jarrett T G , Avila J , Jones R , Rivera Mindt M , Arce M , Schupf N , Mayeux R , Manly J 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Objective
The “healthy immigrant effect” pertains to findings that Hispanics/Latinos born outside of the US tend to be physically and emotionally healthier than individuals born in the US. However, immigrant Latino groups residing in the US have higher incidences of dementia (Tang et al., 2001). Sex/gender and years of education have been found to moderate the relationship between age of migration and cognitive functioning among immigrants born in Mexico (Garcia et al., 2017; Hill et al., 2012). While years of education has been the focus of many studies, literacy (ability to read/write) has been less frequently explored as a moderator of age of migration and cognitive change. We investigated the effect of age of migration on cognitive trajectory in a diverse Latino population and explored whether literacy influences the association between age of immigration and cognitive change. We hypothesize that literacy (ability to read/write) will buffer the effects of age of migration on cognitive (memory, language, motor speed, visuospatial) trajectory.

Participants and Method
Age at baseline, English fluency, country of birth, sex/gender, and years of education were included as time-invariant covariates and literacy was tested as a moderator via multiple group modeling.

Results
Results show that age of migration is marginally and inversely associated with baseline cognitive performance (p &lt; .01). Thus, individuals who immigrated at an older age had lower baseline cognitive scores than their counterparts. Age of migration was not associated with cognitive change. Independent of covariates, literacy did not buffer the negative effects of later age at migration on cognitive function.

Conclusions
Results suggest that literacy confers a small advantage in premorbid cognition, but does not protect against cognitive decline over time. These findings also suggest that adults who immigrate at an older age present with lower cognitive scores at baseline, but do not experience faster rates of cognitive change.

References
Tang, M. X., Cross, P., Andrews, H., Jacobs, D. M., Small, S., Bell, K., ... & Mayeux, R. (2001). Incidence of AD in African-Americans, Caribbean Hispanics, and Caucasians in northern Manhattan. Neurology, 56, 49-56. Garcia, M. A., Reyes, A. M., Downer, B., Saenz, J. L., Samper-Ternent, R. A., & Raji, M. (2018). Age of migration and the incidence of cognitive impairment: A cohort study of elder Mexican-Americans. Innovation in aging, 1, igx037. https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igx037. Hill, T. D., Angel, J. L., Balistreri, K. S., & Herrera, A. P. (2012). Immigrant Status and Cognitive Functioning in Late Life: An Examination of Gender Variations in the Healthy Immigrant Effect. Social Science & Medicine (1982), 75, 2076–2084. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.04.005.
Review of Emotional Intelligence: A Preliminary Map Across Latin America
Authors: Patino-Carvajal H , Tibiriçá L , Garcia Y , Maresco A , Tourgeman I 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Emotional Intelligence (EI) research among 19 Latin American countries.

Participants and Method
Respective to each country, Total Life Science publications and Psychology publications were gathered from “UNESCO Science Report Towards 2030.” Population and GDP statistics pertaining to each country were derived from CIA Factbook. Mean education and percentage of GDP allocated for education were gathered from UNESCO Institute for Statistics. The databases SciELO and Redalyc were used to exhume the number of published Emotional Intelligence articles. The term “inteligencia emocional” was used. Findings were filtered to meet inclusion criteria: peer-reviewed, published between 2008-2018, corresponding to a Psychology related subject. Duplicate articles, those that did not contain the term “inteligencia emocional” in the abstract and articles that were not listed under the Psychology category were excluded.

Results
Data analysis of 19 countries from 2008-2014 revealed the mean number of Emotional Intelligence published articles to be 2.65 (SD = 5.54) articles per country - with a maximum of 22 and a minimum of 0. The percent of articles featuring EI in relation to Total Psychology articles published had a mean of 7% - with Minimum of 0% and Maximum of 60%. Bolivia has the highest percentage of articles on EI (60%), whereas Colombia the highest total number of articles published (n = 41). Population was significantly correlated with Total Articles Published and Total Psychology Articles Published.

Conclusions
Emotional Intelligence in Latin American countries is not widely investigated. Findings revealed 12 out of 19 Latin American countries had one or more publications related to Emotional Intelligence. While population was shown to be related to the number of articles published in Life Sciences and Psychology, it did not reveal a correlation with the publication of studies regarding EI. Furthermore, education and GDP were not related to the overall publication of articles.
Consideration of Bilingual Language Proficiency When Testing Pediatric Cancer Survivors: A Case Study
Authors: Saez-Flores E , Tawfik S H , Mora V R 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Objective
This case study illustrates the importance of considering English-language proficiency (ELP) when testing linguistically diverse individuals with medical conditions.

Case Description
Julia is a 10-year-old girl born to immigrant parents. She was primarily exposed to Spanish at home. At 4 years, she was diagnosed with medulloblastoma, had a craniotomy (gross total resection), craniospinal radiation, and 1 year of chemotherapy. Although in remission, lasting effects included ataxia, fine-and gross- motor impairment, hand-dominance switch, and mild hearing loss. Moreover, Julia’s schooling was delayed until she was 6 years old. Julia has struggled academically with vocabulary, phonemic awareness, reading fluency/comprehension, and listening comprehension. At 9 years, Julia was evaluated in English only and was reported to be in the Extremely Low range of cognitive function, attributed to her medical history. Despite her history of bilingual language acquisition, Julia’s ELP was not assessed and her abilities were likely underestimated. When Julia was 10 years old, a bilingual clinician conducted an evaluation to better assess Julia’s cognitive ability. Her performance greatly improved when tested in Spanish (increase in scores of &gt;1 standard deviation).

Diagnostic Impressions and Outcomes
Julia was diagnosed with mild neurocognitive disorder due to another medical illness. However, her performance was likely impacted by her ELP as well, which was not being addressed.

Discussion
In order to accurately assess bilingual children with neurocognitive deficits resulting from medical complications, ELP and acquisition should be considered. In Julia’s case, her brain tumor, radiation, and chemotherapy likely disrupted her cognitive development during a critical time for language development.
It's Not All Tests and Norms! The Reach of Culture in Behavioral Research
Authors: Bernstein J H , Youssef F 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Five major challenges experienced while conducting a study regarding the neurobehavioral developmental trajectories of primary school children in Trinidad and Tobago are reviewed. 1. Governing Principles. Institutional review of the scientific rationale for the work and safety of participants is required for research activities in any/all settings. 2. Design/Methodology. Cultural beliefs/values/goals shape the research endeavor from recruitment strategies, informed consent, research design, and data collection to outcome monitoring. 3. Participants. Research studies involving children are closely scrutinized. Children need additional protections because they cannot give informed consent. Who speaks for children and how? Children must be recruited via guardians - who may not be parents but societal institutions functioning as “proxy guardians”. The relationships between parents and different “proxy guardians” respond to cultural beliefs/values. 4. Behavioral Measurement-Tests. American psychology has been severely critiqued as focusing on a circumscribed sector of the population while neglecting 95% of the global community. A core concern is the use, in non-United States settings, of behavioral measures developed and normed in the U.S. No measure can be truly culture free: all brains are sculpted by interactions not only with the physical world but also with the psychological world of their own cultural heritage. 5. Behavioral Measurement-Rating Scales. In transferring research across cultures, language/dialect differences are frequently highlighted. Differences in literacy can be even more challenging. Lack of literacy cannot be used to exclude persons from potential research benefits, nor for the failure to conduct effective informed consent processes. Cultural variations in the value/use of the written word have direct impact on research design/methodology, data collection/quality, the training/conduct of research personnel, and on funding. Implications for the mounting research in international settings are discussed.
Applied electric fields suppress osimertinib-induced cytotoxicity via inhibiting FOXO3a nuclear translocation through AKT activation
Authors: Li Li , Hu Chen , Lu Conghua , Zhang Kejun , Han Rui , Lin Caiyu , Zhao Sanjun , A Chunxian , Cheng Chunyan , Zhao Min , He Yong 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Osimertinib is a third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor against T790M-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Acquired resistance to osimertinib is a growing clinical challenge that is not fully understood. Endogenous electric fields (EFs), components of the tumor microenvironment, are associated with cancer cell migration and proliferation. However, the impact of EFs on drug efficiency has not been studied. In this study, we observed that EFs counteracted the effects of osimertinib. EFs of 100 mV/mm suppressed osimertinib-induced cell death and promoted cell proliferation. Transcriptional analysis revealed that the expression pattern induced by osimertinib was altered by EFs stimulation. KEGG analysis showed that differential expression genes were mostly enriched in PI3K-AKT pathway. Then, we found that osimertinib inhibited AKT phosphorylation, while EFs stimulation resulted in significant activation of AKT, which could override the effects generated by osimertinib. Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of PI3K/AKT by LY294002 diminished EF-induced activation of AKT and restored the cytotoxicity of osimertinib suppressed by EFs, which proved that AKT activation was essential for EFs to attenuate the efficacy of osimertinib. Furthermore, activation of AKT by EFs led to phosphorylation of forkhead box O3a (FOXO3a), and reduction in nuclear translocation of FOXO3a induced by osimertinib, resulting in decreased expression of Bim and attenuated cytotoxicity of osimertinib. Taken together, we demonstrated that EFs suppressed the antitumor activity of osimertinib through AKT/FOXO3a/Bim pathway, and combination of PI3K/AKT inhibitor with osimertinib counteracted the effects of EFs. Our findings provided preliminary data for therapeutic strategies to enhance osimertinib efficacy in NSCLC patients.
Genetic diversity in introduced Douglas-fir and its natural regeneration in Central Europe
Authors: Neophytou Charalambos , van Loo Marcela , Hasenauer Hubert 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSince its first introduction in the 19th century, Douglas-fir has become the economically most important non-native forest tree species in Central European countries. Many of these planted forests are important seed sources and/or exhibit natural regeneration. Thus, it is important to assess (1) the genetic diversity of the mature stands and (2) if the genetic diversity can be passed on to the next generations. In order to address these issues, we genotyped mature Douglas-fir individuals and natural regeneration from &gt;100 native and non-native populations using nuclear microsatellite markers. We compared the genetic diversity of native North American populations with mature Douglas-fir populations in Central Europe. The results show that genetic diversity did not differ significantly between European populations and the assigned native origin. Using a subset of 36 sites from Central Europe, we detected a significant reduction in the genetic diversity of adult versus naturally regenerated juvenile trees, indicating a bottleneck effect in the next generation of European Douglas-fir stands. The main reason may be that the mature European Douglas-fir stands are highly fragmented and thus the stand size is not adequate for transmitting the genetic diversity to the next generation. This should be taken into account for the commercial harvesting of seed stands. Seed orchards may offer a potential alternative in providing high quality and genetically diverse reproductive material.
A combined 2-D/1-D magma ascent model of explosive volcanic eruptions
Authors: Massol Hélène 
Published: August 2019

SUMMARY
Explosive eruptions involve the fragmentation of magma that changes the flow regime from laminar to turbulent within the volcanic conduit during ascent. If the gas volume fraction is high, magma fragments and the eruption style is explosive, but if not, the magma flows effusively out of the vent. Gas escape processes depend on how the magma can rupture, and recent experimental studies measured rupture stress thresholds of the order of a few megapascals. It is thus critical to model the gas content and state of stress evolution in the flowing magma within the conduit. We present a new self-consistent model of an explosive eruption from the magma chamber to the surface, based on a critical gas volume fraction. Our model allows to explore irregular geometries below the fragmentation level (2-D). We first compare our model with classical 1-D models of explosive eruptions and find that in the case of straight conduits and fragmented flows, 1-D models are accurate enough to model the gas pressure and vertical velocity distribution in the conduit. However, in the case of an irregular conduit shape at depth, 2-D models are necessary. Despite a certain conduit radius visible at the surface, very different stress fields within the flow could be present depending upon the position and shape of any conduit irregularities. Stresses of the order of more than 1 MPa can be attained in some locations. High tensile stresses are located at the centre of the conduit, while high shear stresses are located at the conduit walls leading to several potential rupture locations. Due to the interplay between the velocity field and decompression rate, similar conduit radius visible at the surface might also lead to very different fragmentation depths with a difference of more than 1500 m between an enlarged conduit shape at some depth and a straight conduit. At depth, different conduit sizes might lead to the same order of magnitude for the mass flux, depending on the conduit geometry.
Corticosteroid-Free Remission vs Overall Remission in Clinical Trials of Moderate–Severe Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s Disease
Authors: George John , Singh Siddharth , Dulai Parambir S , Ma Christopher , Nguyen Tran , Feagan Brian G , Sandborn William J , Jairath Vipul 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
We summarized the protocol-specified corticosteroid tapering regimens in clinical trials of moderate–severe ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) and calculated differences in rates of clinical remission vs corticosteroid-free clinical remission (CSF-CR).

Methods
Through a systematic literature review through February 28, 2019, we identified 16 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of biologics or small molecules in patients with moderate–severe UC or CD who reported CSF-CR as an outcome. We estimated the relative risk and 95% confidence interval of achieving CSF-CR vs overall clinical remission in patients treated with active intervention or placebo through random-effects meta-analysis.

Results
Across trials of UC (11 trials) and CD (5 trials), a median of 53% and 49% of participants were on corticosteroids at the time of trial entry, respectively. Participants were allowed to enter trials at a median corticosteroid dose (range) of 35 (20–40) mg/d. Doses were kept stable for a median (range) of 8 (5–10) weeks during induction therapy, after which a mandatory and structured taper was implemented, albeit with the investigators’ discretion depending on clinical status. Pooled rates of CSF-CR in patients with UC and CD treated with placebo were 9.7% and 19.1%, respectively. In UC and CD trials, the rate of CSF-CR was 24% and 18% lower than the rate of overall clinical remission, respectively.

Conclusions
Protocol-specified corticosteroid tapering regimens vary across trials. These findings will help to inform the design and interpretation of future clinical trials and highlight the need for standardization.
Secular and rotational light curves of 6478 Gault
Authors: Ferrín Ignacio , Fornari Cesar , Acosta Agustín 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT
We obtained 877 images of active asteroid 6478 Gault on 41 nights from 2019 January 10 to June 8, using several telescopes. We created the phase, secular, and rotational light curves of Gault, from which several physical parameters can be derived. From the phase plot, we find that no phase effect was evident. This implies that an optically thick cloud of dust surrounded the nucleus hiding the surface. The secular light curve (SLC) shows several zones of activity, the origin of which is speculative. From the SLC plots, a robust absolute magnitude can be derived and we find mV (1,1,α) = 16.11 ± 0.05. We also found a rotational period Prot = 3.360 ± 0.005 h and show evidence that 6478 might be a binary. The parameters of the pair are derived. Previous works have concluded that 6478 is in a state of rotational disruption and the above rotational period supports this result. Our conclusion is that 6478 Gault is a suffocated comet getting rid of its suffocation by expelling surface dust into space using the centrifugal force. This is an evolutionary stage in the lifetime of some comets. Besides being a main-belt comet (MBC), the object is classified as a dormant Methuselah Lazarus, meaning Gault is both highly evolved and has a decaying perihelion distance.
Search for neutron star binaries in the Local Group galaxies using LISA
Authors: Seto Naoki 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT
We discuss the prospects of LISA for detecting neutron star binaries (NSBs) in the Local Group galaxies such as LMC and M31. Using the recently estimated merger rate ${\rm 1540 \, Gpc^{-3}\, yr^{-1}}$ and inversely applying the conventional arguments based on the B-band galaxy luminosities, we estimate the frequency distributions of NSBs in the local galaxies. We find that, after 10 yr observation with its current design sensitivity, LISA might detect ∼5 NSBs both in LMC and M31 with signal-to-noise ratios larger than 10. Some of the NSBs might be three-dimensionally localized well within LMC. These binaries will be useful for studying various topics including the origin of r-process elements.
Differences in blastomere totipotency in 2-cell mouse embryos are a maternal trait mediated by asymmetric mRNA distribution
Authors: Casser E , Wdowik S , Israel S , Witten A , Schlatt S , Nordhoff V , Boiani M 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIt is widely held that the first two blastomeres of mammalian embryos are equally totipotent and that this totipotency belongs to the group of regulative properties. However, this interpretation neglects an important aspect: evidence only came from successful monozygotic twins which can speak only for those pairs of half-embryos that are able to regulate in the first place. Are the frequently occurring incomplete pairs simply an artefact, or do they represent a real difference, be it in the imperfect blastomere’s ability to regulate growth or in the distribution of any compound X that constrains regulation? Using the model system of mouse embryos bisected at the 2-cell stage after fertilization, we present evidence that the interblastomere differences evade regulation by external factors and are already latent in oocytes. Specifically, an interblastomere imbalance of epiblast production persists under the most diverse culture conditions and applies to the same extent in parthenogenetic counterparts. As a result, cases in which twin blastocysts continued to develop in only one member account for 65 and 57% of zygotic and parthenogenetic pairs, respectively. The interblastomere imbalance is related to the subcellular distribution of gene products, as documented for the epiblast-related gene Cops3, using mRNA FISH in super-resolution mode confocal microscopy. Blastomere patterns of Cops3 mRNA distribution are α-amanitin-resistant. Thus, the imbalance originates not from de novo transcription, but from influences which are effective before fertilisation. These data expose previously unrecognized limits of regulative capacities of 2-cell stage blastomeres and point to aspects of cytoplasmic organization of the mouse oocyte that segregate unequally to blastomeres during cleavage.