bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An experimental manipulation of species’ phenologies overturns competitive hierarchies
Authors: Blackford Christopher , Germain Rachel M. , Gilbert Benjamin 
Published: March 2019

AbstractEcological theory produces opposing predictions about whether differences in the timing of life history transitions, or ‘phenology’, promote or limit coexistence. Phenological separation is predicted to create temporal niche differences, increasing coexistence, yet phenological separation may competitively favour one species, increasing fitness differences and hindering coexistence. We experimentally manipulated relative germination timing, a critical phenological event, of two annual grass species,Vulpia microstachysandV. octoflora, to test these contrasting predictions. We parameterized a competition model to estimate within-season niche differences, fitness differences, and coexistence, and to estimate coexistence when among-year fluctuations of germination timing occur. Increasing germination separation caused parallel changes in niche and fitness differences, with the net effect of weakening within-year coexistence. Both species experienced a competitive advantage by germinating earlier, strongly enough to allow the generally inferior competitor to exclude the other with at least a four day head start. The overall consequence of germination separation was to limit coexistence within a given year, although among-year variation in relative timing of germination was sufficient to support long-term coexistence. Our results clarify how phenological differences structure competitive interactions, and highlight the need to quantify among-year variation in these differences to better understand species coexistence.
Evolutionary patterns of the chimerical retrogenes in Oryza
Authors: Zhou Yanli , Song Huazhi , Xiao Jinghua , Zhang Qifa , Long Manyuan , Zhang Chengjun 
Published: March 2019

AbstractChimerical retroposition delineate a process by which RNA reverse transcribed integration into genome accompanied with recruiting flanking sequence, which is asserted to play essential roles and drive genome evolution. Although chimerical retrogenes hold high origination rate in plant genome, the evolutionary pattern of retrogenes and their parental genes are not well understood in rice genome. In this study, using maximum likelihood method, we evaluated the substitution ratio along lineages of 24 retrogenes and parental gene pairs to retrospect the evolutionary patterns. The results indicate that some specific lineages in 7 pairs underwent positive selection. Besides the rapid evolution in the initial stage of new chimerical retrogene evolution, an unexpected pattern was revealed: soon or some uncertain period after the origination of new chimerical retrogenes, their parental genes evolved rapidly under positive selection, rather than the rapid evolution of the new chimerical retrogenes themselves. This result lend support to the hypothesis that the new copy assistant the function evolution among parental gene and retrogene. Transcriptionally, we also found that one retrogene (RCG3) have a high expression at the period of calli infection which supported by chip data while its parental gene doesn’t have. Finally, by calibration to Ka/Ks analysis results in other species including Apis mellifera, we concluded that chimerical retrogenes are higher proportionally positive selected than the regular genes in the rice genome.
Identification of metabolites from tandem mass spectra with a machine learning approach utilizing structural features
Authors: Li Yuanyue , Kuhn Michael , Gavin Anne-Claude , Bork Peer 
Published: March 2019

SummaryUntargeted mass spectrometry is a powerful method for detecting metabolites in biological samples. However, fast and accurate identification of the metabolites’ structures from MS/MS spectra is still a great challenge. We present a new analysis method, called SF-Matching, that is based on the hypothesis that molecules with similar structural features will exhibit similar fragmentation patterns. We combine information on fragmentation patterns of molecules with shared substructures and then use random forest models to predict whether a given structure can yield a certain fragmentation pattern. These models can then be used to score candidate molecules for a given mass spectrum. For rapid identification, we pre-compute such scores for common biological molecular structure databases. Using benchmarking datasets, we find that our method has similar performance to CSI:FingerID and that very high accuracies can be achieved by combining our method with CSI:FingerID. Rarefaction analysis of the training dataset shows that the performance of our method will increase as more experimental data become available.
Molecular and anatomical organization of the dorsal raphe nucleus
Authors: Huang Kee Wui , Ochandarena Nicole E. , Philson Adrienne C. , Hyun Minsuk , Birnbaum Jaclyn E. , Cicconet Marcelo , Sabatini Bernardo L. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTThe dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) is an important source of neuromodulators in the brain and has been implicated in a wide variety of behavioral and neurological disorders. Although mostly studied as a source of serotonin, the DRN is comprised of multiple cell types that are subdivided into distinct anatomical subregions. However, the complex and incompletely characterized cellular organization of the DRN has impeded efforts to investigate the distinct circuit and behavioral functions of its subdomains. Here we used high-throughput single-cell RNA sequencing within situhybridization and viral tracing to develop a map of transcriptional and spatial profiles of cells in and around the mouse DRN. Our studies reveal the molecular and spatial organization of multiple neuron subtypes that are the cellular bases of functionally and anatomically distinct serotonergic subsystems, and provide a resource for the design of strategies for further dissection of these subsystems and their diverse functions.
Cingulate Cortex Atrophy is Associated with Hearing Loss in Presbycusis with Cochlear Amplifier Dysfunction
Authors: Belkhiria Chama , Vergara Rodrigo C. , Martín Simón San , Leiva Alexis , Marcenaro Bruno , Martínez Melissa , Delgado Carolina , Delano Paul H. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAge-related hearing loss is associated with cognitive decline and has been proposed as a risk factor for dementia. However, the mechanisms that relate hearing loss to cognitive decline remain elusive. Here, we propose that the impairment of the cochlear amplifier mechanism is associated with structural brain changes and cognitive impairment. Ninety-six subjects aged over 65 years old (63 female and 33 male) were evaluated using brain magnetic resonance imaging, neuropsychological and audiological assessments, including distortion product otoacoustic emissions as a measure of the cochlear amplifier function. All the analyses were adjusted by age, gender and education. The group with cochlear amplifier dysfunction showed greater brain atrophy in the cingulate cortex and in the parahippocampus. In addition, the atrophy of the cingulate cortex was associated with cognitive impairment in episodic and working memories and in language and visuoconstructive abilities. We conclude that the neural abnormalities observed in presbycusis subjects with cochlear amplifier dysfunction extend beyond core auditory network and are associated with cognitive decline in multiple domains. These results suggest that a cochlear amplifier dysfunction in presbycusis is an important mechanism relating hearing impairments to brain atrophy in the extended network of effortful hearing.
Explaining the link between qualitative job insecurity and attitudes
Authors: Lazauskaite-Zabielske Jurgita , Urbanaviciute Ieva , Vander Elst Tinne , De Witte Hans 
Published: March 2019

PurposeUsing the framework of fairness heuristic theory and social exchange theory, the purpose of this paper is to explore the mediating role of perceived overall justice in the relationship between qualitative job insecurity and attitudinal outcomes. In line with both theories, job insecurity is hypothesized to negatively relate to perceived overall organization-focused justice that subsequently relates to employees’ attitudes toward the organization.Design/methodology/approachA total of 291 white-collar employees were surveyed. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data.FindingsOverall justice was found to mediate the association between qualitative job insecurity and affective commitment, turnover intention and satisfaction with the organization.Originality/valueThe study is the first study to highlight the explanatory role of overall organization-focused justice (in contrast to the justice types) in the qualitative job insecurity–outcomes relationship.
Secularism, race, religion and the Public Instruction Act of 1880 in NSW
Authors: Low Remy 
Published: March 2019

PurposeThrough a political genealogy, the purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how the institutionalisation of the so-called “secular principle” in NSW state schools in the late-nineteenth century, which is commonly assumed to be a historical moment when religious neutrality was enshrined in public education, was overdetermined by the politics of racialisation and ethno-nationalism.Design/methodology/approachThe historiographical method used here is labelled “political genealogy”. This approach foregrounds how every social order and norm is contingent on political struggles that have shaped its form over time. This includes foregrounding the acts of exclusion that constitute any social order and norm.FindingsThe secular principle institutionalised in the NSW Public Instruction Act of 1880, far from being the “neutral” solution to sectarian conflict, was in fact a product of anti-Catholic sentiment fuelled by the racialisation of Irish Catholicism and ethno-nationalist anxieties about its presence in the colony.Originality/valueThis paper makes clear that “the secular” in secular schooling is neither a product of historical and moral “progress” from a more “primitive” state to a more progressive one, nor a principle of neutrality that stands outside of particular historical and political relations of power. Thus, it encourages a more pragmatic and supple understanding of “the secular” in education. It also invites both advocates and critics of secular education to adapt their arguments based on changing historical circumstances, and to justify the exclusions that such arguments imply without recourse to transcendent principles.
Design of an embracing-type climbing robot for variation diameter rod
Authors: Chen Guoda , Yang Huafeng , Cao Huiqiang , Ji Shiming , Zeng Xi , Wang Qian 
Published: March 2019

Purpose
For the climbing rod object with large diameter variation and the need of obstacle crossing, this paper aims to propose a new embracing-type climbing robot named as EVOC-I robot.

Design/methodology/approach
The design philosophy and structural scheme are introduced. The kinematic analysis of embracing and telescoping mechanisms is carried out to provide the theoretical foundation for the effective climbing of the robot. Based on the prototype robot, three preliminary experiments are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the designed robot.

Findings
The theoretical and experimental analyses have verified the reasonability and effectiveness of the proposed robot design.

Research limitations/implications
As the preliminary study, the prototype still need a lot of improvement. The experimental verification is also limited. Future work will focus on improving the design and increasing the theoretical analysis, especially increasing experimental study and designing the next generation of the rod climbing robot.

Practical implications
The designed climbing robot can be used for climbing the rod with variation diameter and flange obstacle, especially the lightening rod in the transformer substation.

Originality/value
The paper designs a new climbing robot that integrates the ability of large variation diameter adaptation and obstacle crossing.
Family firm innovation strategy: contradictions and tradition
Authors: Lattuch Frank 
Published: March 2019

Purpose
When studying innovation in family firms, several contradictions appear, as the family and the firm represent different social systems that follow different rules and expectations. This paper aims to argue that a deeper understanding and effective management of those paradoxes is crucial for the family firm’s innovation performance.

Design/methodology/approach
Using theory-building principles, this paper has an abductive character; new research propositions are offered to provide insights into the apparently paradoxical aspects of successfully managing a family firm’s innovation strategy.

Findings
Three contradictions are presented and discussed: first, the family can be a hazard and source for the firm; second, family members acting as shareholder and investor; and third, established practice and innovation issues may compete against each other in the quest to sustainably rejuvenate the organization. Inferences are drawn from these apparent contradictions concerning family firm management, providing a basis to form propositions that effectively support innovation.

Originality/value
This paper provides a paradoxical perspective on the innovation phenomenon in family firms and offers practical implications to help leaders better shape their organization’s innovation strategy.
Investigating retail property market dynamics through spatial accessibility measures
Authors: Adebayo Adejimi Alli , Greenhalgh Paul , Muldoon-Smith Kevin 
Published: March 2019

Purpose
The retail property market is constantly adopting to the continuous demand of retailers and their consumers. This paper aims to investigate retail property market dynamics through spatial accessibility measures of the City of York street network. It explores how spatial accessibility metrics (SAM) explain retail market dynamics (RMD) through changes in the city’s retail rental values and stock.

Design/methodology/approach
Valuation office agency (VOA) data sets (aspatial) and ordnance survey map (spatial) data form the empirical foundation for this investigation. Changes in rental value and retail stock between 2010 and 2017 VOA data sets represent the RMD variables. While, the configured street network measures of Space Syntax, namely, global integration, local integration, global choice and normalised angular choice form the SAM variables. The relationship between these variables is analysed through geo-visualisation and statistical testing using GIS and SPSS tools.

Findings
The study reveals that there has been an overall negative changes of 15 and 22% in rental value and retail stock, respectively, even though some locations within the sampled city (York, North Yorkshire, England) indicated positive changes. The study further indicated that changes in retail rental value and stock have occurred within locations with good accessibility index. It also verifies that there are spatial and statistical relationship between variables and 22% of RMD variability was jointly accounted for by SAM.

Originality/value
This research is first to investigates changes in retail property market variables through spatial accessibility measures of space syntax. It contributes to the burgeoning research field of real estate and Space Syntax.
Congruence of economic mobility beliefs and immigrants’ self-esteem
Authors: Guerrero Laura , Turchick Hakak Luciana 
Published: March 2019

Purpose
A dark side of global mobility is that many immigrants have negative work outcomes. Studies have analyzed the antecedents to poor work outcomes from the immigrants’ point of view or from that of host country nationals. The purpose of this paper is to propose a relational model, which applies terror management theory to address how the economic mobility beliefs of immigrants and host country nationals interact and how these different combinations of beliefs affect the self-esteem of immigrants.

Design/methodology/approach
This theoretical model considers the impact of the social interactions between immigrants and host country nationals when immigrants’ mortality is salient.

Findings
In hostile environments that make immigrants’ mortality salient, lack of confirmation of immigrants’ beliefs about economic mobility from host country nationals can lead to a decrease in immigrants’ self-esteem and therefore to negative work outcomes.

Practical implications
As the number of immigrants grows, so do concerns about their ability to contribute to the economy. Lack of confirmation of their beliefs in a context in which their mortality is salient, is likely to lead to lower self-esteem and perhaps other negative outcomes.

Originality/value
This paper is the first, to the authors’ knowledge, to use terror management theory to advance our understanding of the outcome of a lack of confirmation from host country nationals of immigrants’ beliefs on economic mobility under conditions of mortality salience.
The stock market reaction to dividend reductions and omissions in China
Authors: Dong Jing , Li Hui , Liu Kerry , Wu Xiaohui 
Published: March 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate Chinese stock market reaction to the announcements of dividend reductions and omissions.

Design/methodology/approach
The data sets cover the period from 1990 to 2009. A rolling portfolio approach is performed and the Fama–French three-factor model is used to calculate the post-announcement long-term abnormal returns. The matching method and the sub-sample tests are used to examine the robustness.

Findings
After controlling for firm size, the unexpected earnings and government ownership, no evidence of the dividend announcement drift is found. The results also show that the government ownership and the large trading play a role in explaining the post-announcement abnormal returns.

Originality/value
This is the first study concerning the Chinese market that examines the Chinese stock market reaction to dividend cut and omission using a long-time period of data.
Virtual cohabitation in online dating sites: a netnography analysis
Authors: Wang Yi-Sheng 
Published: March 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore in depth the special context and unique life experience of the online dating site and provide insights regarding an interpretation of virtual cohabitation model.

Design/methodology/approach
This study uses netnography, online interviews and the physical travel of researchers to the field for field participation and observations. The combination of netnography and online interviews combines online and offline studies to achieve more consistency in the data collection, analysis and other processes. In-person participation in observations makes the research more realistic. The combination of these qualitative methods is helpful in achieving a more comprehensive and accurate research process.

Findings
The findings of the study can be classified into a three-stage situational context approach, which is presented in the form of propositions. Finally, the insight of the virtual cohabitation context model was developed, namely, motivation (including escapism, hedonic gratification and autonomous), showing off and psychological compensation, stimulation and fantasies, emotions (including impulsiveness, emotions and desires), over-control and low self-control, behavioral control, gratification and dependence and love trap (including sex transactions and consumption traps).

Originality/value
The theoretical contribution of this study is to establish an interpretation of virtual cohabitation model and ten related propositions.
Molecular and functional evidence of phosphatidylserine synthase inVibrio parahaemolyticus
Authors: Huang Ru‐Yin , Lee Chia‐Yin 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPhosphatidylserine synthase (Pss) catalyzes phosphatidylserine synthesis, which is critical to synthesizing the component of cell membrane. However, few putative pss genes of bacteria have been studied. In this study, it was found that Vibrio parahaemolyticus, a common foodborne pathogen that causes human gastroenteritis, has a type I Pss with two HKD motifs and is a phospholipase D superfamily member. The transcriptional start site of pss was mapped through sequencing and was identified at −37 nucleotides upstream of the start codon. Pss mRNA was found to be expressed mainly during the exponential phase. In addition, the promoter was identified using a lux reporter assay and gel shift assay with an RNA polymerase. To analyze the catalytic activity, a soluble form of His6‐tagged recombinant Pss was overexpressed and purified from Escherichia coli. Using matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization‐time of flight mass spectrometry, it was found that Pss can catalyze cytidine diphosphate diacylglycerol and L‐serine to form phosphatidylserine. Since Pss is conserved in vibrios, the current study can promote understanding the biosynthesis of phospholipid in Vibrio bacteria that might cause vibriosis. This is the first report of molecular characterization of the pss gene and identification of Pss enzyme activity in V. parahaemolyticus using matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry.
New‐Onset Diabetes Mellitus in Peritoneal Dialysis and Hemodialysis Patients: Frequency, Risk Factors, and Prognosis—A Review
Authors: Yarragudi Rajashri , Gessl Alois , Vychytil Andreas 
Published: March 2019

AbstractNew‐onset diabetes mellitus (NODM) is observed in both hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. The prevalence of NODM in dialysis patients is slightly higher compared to subjects of the general population. Based on currently published data there is no convincing evidence that the risk of NODM is different between HD and PD patients. Data on the effect of glucose load on risk of NODM in dialysis patients remain controversial. PD modality (automated or continuous ambulatory PD) has no significant influence on NODM incidence. Chronic inflammation is associated with NODM in dialysis patients. Reported differences in NODM between PD and HD patients are possibly also influenced by differences in demographic factors between these patient groups. Mortality in NODM patients is lower than mortality in patients with preexisting DM. This may be partly explained by the younger age and lower number of comorbidities in patients with NODM.