bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dose, exposure, and treatment regimen of intravenous immunoglobulin G in multifocal motor neuropathy
Authors: Li Zhaoyang , Roepcke Stefan , Franke Ryan , Yel Leman 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionIntravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is the only approved treatment for multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN), a rare, chronic, immune-mediated demyelinating neuropathy. There is a significant gap in understanding of the role of serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels in the efficacy of IVIG in affected patients. We aimed to characterize the interplay between dose and exposure of IVIG and the effects of patient factors on individual variabilities.MethodsSerum IgG trough concentration data from a phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial of IVIG 10% in 44 patients with MMN (NCT00666263) were analyzed using fit-for-purpose population PK modeling. Patient factors were tested as covariates, and IgG PK profiles following various dosing regimens were simulated.ResultsSerum IgG levels, with significant inter-patient variability, correlated with dose and treatment interruptions at the individual patient level. Simulated data for various dosing regimens (0.4–2 g/kg once every 1–4 weeks [Q1–4W]) revealed that more frequent dosing provided more stable IgG levels than less frequent dosing, and dose splitting over multiple days had no significant effects on PK.DiscussionIn patients with MMN, stable dosing and consistent serum IgG levels are crucial to avoid negative responses owing to treatment interruptions. Dosing intervals more frequent than Q4W may alleviate periodic symptom deterioration. Dose splitting potentially offers flexibility for patients requiring large volumes of IVIG without negatively affecting serum IgG PK, while maintaining treatment efficacy. Variability in serum IgG levels between patients suggests that individualizing IVIG treatment regimens and target IgG levels may play a key role in managing MMN.
Neurofeedback to enhance sleep quality and insomnia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Recio-Rodriguez Jose I. , Fernandez-Crespo Mei , Sanchez-Aguadero Natalia , Gonzalez-Sanchez Jesús , Garcia-Yu Irene A. , Alonso-Dominguez Rosario , Chiu Hsiao-Yean , Tsai Pei-Shan , Lee Hsin-Chien , Rihuete-Galve Maria I. 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveThis systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized-clinical trials aims to analyze the effect of interventions incorporating surface neurofeedback techniques on self-perceived sleep quality and insomnia in patients with or without sleep disturbances.MethodsThe review was completed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement and was deposited in the Prospero international prospective registry of systematic reviews (CRD42024528401). Seven clinical trials with different main outcomes but with pre-post intervention records of self-perceived sleep quality or insomnia symptoms assessed by questionnaires met our inclusion criteria, including a publication date within the last 10 years. Five trials investigated sleep quality through scores on the Pittsburgh sleep quality Index (PSQI) and three trials signs of insomnia severity assessed with validated scales. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool for assessing the risk of bias and showed a high quality of them.ResultsA total of 5 studies that evaluated sleep quality with the PSQI total score were included in the meta-analysis. The results revealed that control conditions succeeded in improving PSQI-assessed sleep quality more than the analyzed Neurofeedback interventions (PSQI total score 0.57; 95% CI 0.13 to 1.01; p = 0.01). On the other hand, a total of 3 studies that evaluated insomnia severity with various insomnia scales were included in the meta-analysis The results revealed that neither the NF interventions nor the control conditions show a favorable outcome relative to each other (−0.13; 95% CI −0.44 to 0.18; p = 0.41).ConclusionThe interventions studied mostly apply a neurofeedback training protocol based on maintaining alpha waves in a range between 8 and 12 Hz, with electrode positioning in the frontal area or in the sensorimotor cortex and with a number of neurofeedback sessions ranging from 8 to 20 sessions. The meta-analysis showed that interventions incorporating surface neurofeedback do not produce additional benefits in self-perception of sleep quality or insomnia compared to a wide variety of control conditions including cognitive behavioral treatment or other biofeedback modalities.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO – International prospective register of systematic reviews – CRD42024528401 https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=528401.
Effect of school feeding program on dietary folate intake among school adolescent girls in Sidama region, southern Ethiopia
Authors: Bolka Amelo , Bosha Tafese , Gebremedhin Samson 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundEthiopia recently initiated a school feeding program (SFP) that provides nutritious meals to vulnerable students during school to combat malnutrition and improve their nutrition. However, there is limited evidence regarding the program’s impact on dietary folate intake among adolescent girls. Improving folate status in adolescent girls is important to prevent neural tube defect and anemia This study was aimed at assessing the effect of the SFP on dietary folate intake among school adolescent girls in the Sidama Region, Southern Ethiopia.MethodsThis school-based cross-sectional study compared dietary folate intake among adolescent girls enrolled in schools with (n = 290) and without (n = 290) SFP. Multistage sampling method was used to select adolescent girls from 12 schools. The multiple pass 24-h dietary recall method was used to estimate the dietary intake of adolescent girls. Dietary diversity in the preceding day of the survey was assessed with the standard nine-food group score. Nutrient inadequacy was defined as a proportion of adolescents with dietary value of nutrient intake less than the recommended daily allowance (RDA). The dietary folate intake was compared between two groups using multilevel mixed effects linear regression model adjusted for potential confounders.ResultsThe result showed significantly higher mean (±SD) dietary folate intake in SFP beneficiaries (421.12 ± 78.60 μg/day) than the non-beneficiaries (393.26 ± 74.57 μg/day; β = 27.19, p &lt; 0.001). SFP beneficiary girls had a significantly higher mean (±SD) dietary diversity score (5.24 ± 1.35) compared to non-beneficiary girls (4.83 ± 1.54; β = 0.40, p = 0.001). The prevalence of inadequate folate intake was significantly higher among no-beneficiaries (47.4%) compared to beneficiaries (36.9%; p = 0.01).ConclusionThe SFP in Sidama region improved folate intake and dietary diversity of adolescent girls. The evidence from this study supports the expansion of the program to enhance dietary intake of nutrients of adolescent girls in the region.
Oat polar lipids and sunflower lecithin similarly improve cardiometabolic risk markers and appetite controlling hormone responses after breakfast and a subsequent lunch. A randomized crossover study in healthy adults
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Mukul , Tovar Juscelino , Cloetens Lieselotte , de Kam Soraya , Nilsson Anne 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionThe alarming global increase in lifestyle-related disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has increased during the last several decades. Poor dietary choices significantly contribute to this increase and prevention measures are urgently needed. Dietary intake of bioactive compounds found in foods are linked to a decrease likelihood of these disorders. For this purpose, a randomized crossover meal study was performed to compare the postprandial metabolic effects of lecithin and oat polar lipids in healthy subjects.Materials and methodsEighteen young healthy subjects ingested test meals enriched with lecithin, oat polar lipids (PLs) or rapeseed oil. There were four test meals (i) 15 g oat polar lipids: OPL, (ii) 18 g sunflower lecithin (of which 15 g were polar lipids): LPL, (iii) 18 g rapeseed oil: RSO, and (iv) reference white wheat bread: WWB. Lipid-enriched test meals contained equivalent amounts of total fat (18 g), and all breakfast meals contained 50 g available carbohydrates. The meals were served as breakfast followed by a standardised lunch (white wheat bread and meat balls) after 3.5 h. Test variables were measured at fasting and repeatedly during 5.5 h after ingestion of the breakfast.ResultsOur study demonstrated that both LPL and OPL had beneficial effects on postprandial glucose and insulin responses, and appetite regulating gut hormones, as compared to RSO and WWB. Significant increase in GLP-1, GIP, and PYY concentrations were seen after consuming breakfast meals with LPL and OPL, and ghrelin concentration was reduced compared to meals with RSO and WWB (p &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, triglycerides (TG) concentration was significantly reduced after OPL compared to RSO (p &lt; 0.05). Our data show that there were no significant variations in glycaemic and insulin responses, TG, and gut hormone concentrations between LPL and OPL during breakfast (0–210 min) or over the whole study period (0–330 min).ConclusionOur study revealed that the consumption of both lecithin and oat PLs included in breakfast meal may similarly enhance postprandial glucose tolerance, reduce TG, and enhance the secretion of incretins and appetite regulating hormones in healthy young adults.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT05139355.
Analysis of risk factors and establishment of early warning model for recent postoperative complications of colorectal cancer
Authors: Ou Yang , Yang Yang , Yang Weimin , Pan Yulin , Tian Wu , Wang Zejun , Yu Xianzhe , Luo Jihang , Wang Leibo 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveThis study aimed to analyze factors associated with recent complications after colorectal cancer surgery, constructing a nomogram to aid gastrointestinal surgeons in preoperative decision-making for patients at risk of such complications.MethodsIn this retrospective study, clinical data were collected from patients undergoing radical colorectal cancer surgery at the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University and the Second People’s Hospital of Chengdu from November 1, 2021, to January 26, 2024. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess risk factors for recent postoperative complications and develop a prediction model. External validation was performed using data from 48 postoperative colorectal cancer patients in the Second People’s Hospital of Chengdu City from January 1, 2023, to May 30, 2023. Evaluation included receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis using R4.2.2 statistical software.ResultsA total of 324 patients who underwent radical colorectal cancer surgery were enrolled. The training cohort (n=176) identified four independent risk factors for recent complications: PNI ≥45 (OR=4.17, P&lt;0.001), Albumin &lt;40 g/L (OR=3.9, P&lt;0.001), ASA score III-IV (OR=6.29, P&lt;0.001), and Tumor diameter ≥5 cm (OR=4.24, P&lt;0.001). A nomogram was constructed incorporating these factors. The AUC of the nomogram model in the training cohort was 0.835, with subsequent internal and external validation cohort AUCs of 0.815 and 0.819, respectively, indicating strong discriminatory ability. The calibration curve demonstrated good consistency, and decision curve analysis indicated high clinical utility.ConclusionPNI ≥45, Albumin &lt;40 g/L, ASA score III-IV, and Tumor diameter ≥5 cm emerged as independent risk factors for recent complications following colorectal cancer surgery. We developed a nomogram model for these complications, potentially aiding gastrointestinal surgeons in preoperative patient evaluation and treatment planning for colorectal cancer surgery.
A new nomogram for predicting extraurothelial recurrence in patients with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma following radical nephroureterectomy
Authors: Wu Hao , Jia Dan , Dai Xianyu , Cao Hongliang , Wang Fulin , Yang Tong , Wang Lei , Xu Tao , Gao Baoshan 
Published: November 2024

PurposeWe sought to develop and validate a nomogram for predicting extra-urinary recurrence (EUR) following radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) in patients with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC).MethodsData from 556 UTUC patients post-RNU at the First Hospital of Jilin University were retrospectively analyzed. These patients were categorized into a training group (n=389) and a validation group (n=167). Variables significantly associated with prognosis were identified using univariate Cox regression and most minor absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis. These independent predictors were incorporated into the nomogram to estimate extra-urinary recurrence-free survival (EURFS). Validation of the nomogram involved ROC curves, calibration plots, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Patients were stratified into two risk categories based on their nomogram scores to compare EURFS using the Kaplan-Meier method.ResultsEight predictors were identified: T-stage, N-stage, tumor grade, local and nerve invasion, preoperative hemoglobin level, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and creatinine, all proving to be independent predictors of EUR. A nomogram was created based on these eight factors, and using the ROC, calibration curves, and DCA, good prediction results were shown in both the training and validation groups. The training and validation groups also showed reliable predictive performance. In particular, there was a significant difference in survival between the high-risk and low-risk groups (P&lt;0.0001). We have also built a network calculator that calculates patient survival time. The URL is https://haowu24.shinyapps.io/dynnomapp.ConclusionA nomogram for predicting distant metastases in UTUC patients was successfully developed, and its accuracy, reliability, and clinical value were demonstrated. This new tool helps to improve the clinical management of UTUC cases.
Risk factors associated with lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid cancer: a retrospective analysis based on 2,428 cases
Authors: Yu Kejie , Wu Xianjiang , Dai Lei , Le Qi , Xie Yue , Wang Yingchun , Zhang Weidong 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundPapillary thyroid cancer (PTC) with lymph node metastasis (LNM) is associated with an increased risk of postoperative recurrence. Understanding the clinical characteristics of PTC patients can help surgeons assess the likelihood of LNM. This study aims to identify risk factors for LNM in PTC patients.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed clinical data from 2,428 patients diagnosed with PTC who underwent initial thyroid surgery in our single center. Risk factors related to central lymph node metastasis (CLNM), lateral lymph node metastasis (LLNM), and skip metastasis were investigated by univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analyses.ResultsUnivariate analysis revealed that the following factors were associated with an increased likelihood of CLNM (P&lt;0.05): male gender, age &lt; 45 years, maximal axial diameter (MAD) &gt; 1 cm, body mass index (BMI) ≥ 28 kg/m² and multifocality. Univariate analysis also revealed that patients with age &lt; 45 years, MAD &gt; 1 cm, BMI ≥ 28 kg/m², multifocality, and CLNM demonstrated a higher propensity for LLNM (P&lt;0.05). Lower pole tumors were more likely to have CLNM than upper pole tumors, while upper pole tumors were more prone to present LLNM (P&lt;0.05) and skip metastasis (P&lt;0.05). Multivariable binary logistic regression analysis identified that gender (odds ratio [OR], 1.732; 95% CI, 2.113–2.577; P &lt; 0.001), age (OR, 1.905; 95% CI, 1.596–2.273; P &lt; 0.001), MAD (OR, 4.639; 95% CI, 3.639–5.913; P &lt; 0.001), and multifocality (OR, 1.860; 95% CI, 1.453–2.381; P &lt; 0.001) were independent risk factors for CLNM and MAD (OR, 5.289; 95% CI, 3.777–7.404; P&lt;0.001), multifocality (OR, 1.858; 95% CI, 1.248–2.766; P=0.002), and CLNM (OR, 5.030; 95% CI, 3.347–7.561; P&lt;0.001) for LLNM.ConclusionDespite the overall postoperative recurrence rate in PTC patients is low, identifying risk factors such as male gender, age &lt; 45 years, MAD &gt; 1 cm, multifocality, and CLNM can help predict LNM. In specific cases, selective lymphadenectomy in the central or lateral neck area may be warranted.
Statin prescription disparities in patients with breast cancer and diabetes for primary cardiovascular disease prevention
Authors: Yang Alicia B. , Mhango Grace , Kong Chung Yin , Lin Jenny J. , Wisnivesky Juan P. , Leiter Amanda 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundThis brief report examines statin prescription trends for primary cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention in breast cancer (BC) survivors with diabetes, a large population at particularly high CVD risk.MethodsA population-based, retrospective cohort study was conducted using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) cancer registry data linked to Medicare claims. We identified women with preexisting diabetes who were diagnosed with stage 0–III primary BC between 2008 and 2017 without preexisting CVD. We assessed statin prescription rates over time and also examined differences in statin prescription rates according to patient sociodemographic characteristics. Using a multivariate logistic regression adjusted for sociodemographic and clinical variables, independent predictors of statin prescription were identified.ResultsOf 8,423 BC patients with diabetes without preexisting CVD, 5,698 (68%) had a statin prescription. Statin prescriptions increased over time (BC diagnosis year 2008–2009: 65%, 2010–2011: 67%, 2012–2013: 66%, 2014–2015: 69%, 2016–2017: 70%; p = 0.01) and differed by age (66–69: 66%, 70–74: 70%, 75–79: 69%, ≥80: 65%; p &lt; 0.01) and race (White: 68%, Black: 62%, Latina: 66%, Other: 72%; p &lt; 0.01). In a multivariate analysis, race (Black vs. White: OR 0.80, 95% CI: 0.68–0.95) remained a predictor of statin prescription.ConclusionIn older early-stage BC survivors, statin prescriptions increased over time and varied by age, race, and BC stage. These findings can potentially inform strategies to improve guideline-concordant statin prescriptions in a group at high risk for CVD and reduce disparities.
Factors influencing participation of elderly population in mass drug administration for lymphatic filariasis: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Jabir Muhammed , Balakrishnan Vijayakumar , Krishnamoorthy Kaliannagounder , Kumar Ashwani , Abraham Philip Raj 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundThe success of mass drug administration (MDA) for lymphatic filariasis (LF) elimination relies on achieving a participation rate of at least 65% within the endemic community. However, participation of sub-population in the community varies and a significant treatment gap among the elderly population, remains to be addressed. The present study explores the factors influencing the elderly participation in MDA and propose possible solutions to bridge the gap.MethodsA cross-sectional study of individuals aged 60 years and above was conducted from August to December 2023 in Yadgiri district of Karnataka, which is endemic for LF. The participants were interviewed using a structured questionnaire, focusing on the perception about LF and MDA and drug consumption behaviours. STATA 14 software was used to analyse the data. We used a logistic regression model to determine the factors influencing drug consumption.ResultsThe study included 315 elderly individuals with a mean age (SD) of 67.4 (6.2) years. Although, 58.4% of them received the drugs during the last round of MDA in 2023, only 40.6% consumed it. The drug refusal rate was 19.4%. Fear of side effects (22.9%) was cited as the primary reason for not accepting the drugs. Weak perception of LF transmission risk (25.7%) and mistrust of drug safety (42.5%) were reported as reasons for non-compliance. Logistic regression identified significant associations, including residence (peri-urban: OR = 6.80), chronic disease (diabetes: OR = 2.89), trust on drug safety (OR = 16.27), and opinion of neighbours (OR = 5.35).ConclusionParticipation of elderly population in MDA was suboptimal (40.6%). Tailored interventions to improve consumption such as addressing misconceptions, building trust in MDA and effective monitoring and management of adverse events are vital to enhance their participation. The National Programme should have specific guidelines and strategies to address this issue to improve their participation in MDA for elimination of LF.
Structure-guided drug repurposing identifies aristospan as a potential inhibitor of β-lactamase: insights from virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Shahwan Moyad , Khan Mohd Shahnawaz , Zuberi Azna , Altwaijry Nojood , Shamsi Anas 
Published: November 2024

The rise of β-Lactamase mediated antibiotic resistance is a major concern for public health; hence, there is an urgent need to find new treatment approaches. Structure-guided drug repurposing offers a promising approach to swiftly deliver essential therapeutics in the fight against escalating antibiotic resistance. Here, a structure-guided virtual screening approach was used involving drug profiling, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation to identify existing drugs against β-Lactamase-associated drug resistance. We exploited a large panel of FDA-approved drugs to an extensive in silico analysis to ascertain their ability to inhibit β-Lactamase. First, molecular docking investigations were performed to assess the binding affinities and interactions of screened molecules with the active site of β-Lactamase enzymes. Out of all the screened candidates, Aristospan was identified to possess promising characteristics, which include appropriate drug profiles, high binding specificity, and efficiency towards the binding pocket of β-Lactamase. Further analysis showed that Aristospan possesses several desirable biological characteristics and tends to bind to the β-Lactamase binding site. To explore the interactions further, the best docking pose of Aristospan was selected for MD simulations to assess the thermodynamic stability of the drug-enzyme complex and its conformational changes over 500 ns. The MD simulations in independent replica runs demonstrated that the β-Lactamase-Aristospan complex was stable in the 500 ns trajectory. These enlightening results suggest that Aristospan may harbor the potential for further evolution into a possible β-Lactamase inhibitor, with potential applications in overcoming antibiotic resistance in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.