bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Accommodative Performance of a New Accommodative Intraocular Lens
Authors: Alió Jorge L. , Simonov Aleksey N. , Romero Daniel , Angelov Alexander , Angelov Yavor , van Lawick Willem , Rombach Michiel C. 
Published: February 2018

PURPOSE:
To compare objective and subjective accommodation and visual acuities with a new accommodative intraocular lens (IOL) (Lumina; AkkoLens Clinical BV, Rijswijk, The Netherlands) with a monofocal IOL and young phakic eyes.

METHODS:
In this prospective, randomized controlled clinical investigation, patients aged 51 to 85 years with symptomatic cataract were enrolled in the study. A total of 25 eyes were implanted with the accommodative IOL and 18 eyes received the monofocal Acrysof SA60AT IOL (Alcon Laboratories, Inc., Fort Worth, TX). Each group included 4 bilateral patients. An additional 20 phakic eyes of young patients aged 19 to 29 years were used to assess the restoration of accommodation. Subjective and objective accommodative amplitudes were evaluated by defocus curves and the WAM-5500 open-field Auto Ref/Keratometer (Grand Seiko, Tokyo, Japan), respectively.

RESULTS:

The 1-year postoperative examination showed significantly better visual acuities with the accommodative IOL compared to the monofocal IOL, over a defocus range of −0.50 to −5.00 diopters (D) (
P
< 10
−5
), and revealed more than 50% of the visual acuities of the young phakic eyes at up to −3.50 D defocus. The depth of focus of the accommodative group exceeded that of the monofocal group by 2.52 ± 0.03 D in a visual acuity range of 0.3 to 0.8 (decimal) (20/63 to 20/25 Snellen). Compared with the monofocal IOL, the accommodative IOL resulted in a similar uncorrected distance visual acuity of 0.99 ± 0.12 (20/20 Snellen) (
P
> .79) and a significantly better uncorrected near visual acuity of 0.91 ± 0.11 (20/22 Snellen) (
P
< 2.7 × 10
−6
). A significant correlation of 0.51 (
P
< 1.3 × 10
−7
) was found between the objective and subjective accommodative amplitudes with the accommodative IOL.

CONCLUSIONS:
Eyes implanted with the accommodative IOL showed similar amounts of objective and subjective accommodation.

[
J Refract Surg.
2018;34(2):78–83.]
High Mutation Frequency of the PIGA Gene in T Cells Results in Reconstitution of GPI Anchor−/CD52− T Cells That Can Give Early Immune Protection after Alemtuzumab-Based T Cell–Depleted Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Loeff Floris C. , Falkenburg J. H. Frederik , Hageman Lois , Huisman Wesley , Veld Sabrina A. J. , van Egmond H. M. Esther , van de Meent Marian , von dem Borne Peter A. , Veelken Hendrik , Halkes Constantijn J. M. , Jedema Inge 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Alemtuzumab (ALM) is used for T cell depletion in the context of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) to prevent acute graft-versus-host disease and graft rejection. Following ALM-based T cell–depleted alloSCT, relatively rapid recovery of circulating T cells has been described, including T cells that lack membrane expression of the GPI-anchored ALM target Ag CD52. We show, in a cohort of 89 human recipients of an ALM-based T cell–depleted alloSCT graft, that early lymphocyte reconstitution always coincided with the presence of large populations of T cells lacking CD52 membrane expression. In contrast, loss of CD52 expression was not overt within B cells or NK cells. We show that loss of CD52 expression from the T cell membrane resulted from loss of GPI anchor expression caused by a highly polyclonal mutational landscape in the PIGA gene. This polyclonal mutational landscape in the PIGA gene was also found in CD52− T cells present at a low frequency in peripheral blood of healthy donors. Finally, we demonstrate that the GPI−/CD52− T cell populations that arise after ALM-based T cell–depleted alloSCT contain functional T cells directed against multiple viral targets that can play an important role in immune protection early after ALM-based T cell–depleted transplantation.
Differential Expression of PU.1 and Key T Lineage Transcription Factors Distinguishes Fetal and Adult T Cell Development
Authors: Montecino-Rodriguez Encarnacion , Casero David , Fice Michael , Le Jonathan , Dorshkind Kenneth 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The PU.1 transcription factor plays a critical role in the regulation of T cell development, so a report that it is dispensable for fetal thymopoiesis is puzzling. To understand this paradox, we examined the requirement for PU.1, encoded by Spi1, during fetal, neonatal, and adult thymopoiesis in a PU.1 hypomorphic mouse generated by deletion of the Spi1 14-kb upstream regulatory element and by analysis of patterns of gene expression in fetal and adult T cell progenitors. Our data demonstrate that the initiation of thymopoiesis during early gestation is less dependent on PU.1 compared with T cell differentiation in adults and that fetal T cell progenitors express lower levels of Spi1 compared with their adult counterparts. We also show that expression of the core network of T lineage transcription factors regulated by PU.1 differs in fetal and adult T cell progenitors. In particular, PU.1-regulated genes that promote T cell differentiation are differentially expressed in fetal versus adult early T lineage progenitors. These results indicate that the transcriptional differences between the fetal and adult T cell developmental programs are driven in part by differential levels of PU.1 expression and that this likely underlies the differences in the properties of fetal and adult T cell progenitors.
CCR8 Expression Defines Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells in Human Skin
Authors: McCully Michelle L. , Ladell Kristin , Andrews Robert , Jones Rhiannon E. , Miners Kelly L. , Roger Laureline , Baird Duncan M. , Cameron Mark J. , Jessop Zita M. , Whitaker Iain S. , Davies Eleri L. , Price David A. , Moser Bernhard 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Human skin harbors two major T cell compartments of equal size that are distinguished by expression of the chemokine receptor CCR8. In vitro studies have demonstrated that CCR8 expression is regulated by TCR engagement and the skin tissue microenvironment. To extend these observations, we examined the relationship between CCR8+ and CCR8− skin T cells in vivo. Phenotypic, functional, and transcriptomic analyses revealed that CCR8+ skin T cells bear all the hallmarks of resident memory T cells, including homeostatic proliferation in response to IL-7 and IL-15, surface expression of tissue localization (CD103) and retention (CD69) markers, low levels of inhibitory receptors (programmed cell death protein 1, Tim-3, LAG-3), and a lack of senescence markers (CD57, killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily G member 1). In contrast, CCR8− skin T cells are heterogeneous and comprise variable numbers of exhausted (programmed cell death protein 1+), senescent (CD57+, killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily G member 1+), and effector (T-bethi, Eomeshi) T cells. Importantly, conventional and high-throughput sequencing of expressed TCR β-chain (TRB) gene rearrangements showed that these CCR8-defined populations are clonotypically distinct, suggesting unique ontogenies in response to separate antigenic challenges and/or stimulatory conditions. Moreover, CCR8+ and CCR8− skin T cells were phenotypically stable in vitro and displayed similar levels of telomere erosion, further supporting the likelihood of a nonlinear differentiation pathway. On the basis of these results, we propose that long-lived memory T cells in human skin can be defined by the expression of CCR8.
Development of a coupled dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction with supported liquid phase micro-extraction for triclosan determination in wastewater
Authors: Letseka Thabiso , George Mosotho J 
Published: February 2018

As attention is drawn towards the monitoring of the so-called emerging pollutants, some common household chemicals are not well researched. Household antimicrobials can also present wastewater treatment challenges if not taken cognisance of. Herein we report the application of a recently reported coupled dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction (DLLME) with supported liquid phase micro-extraction (LPME) for the extraction of triclosan from wastewater. A univariate approach was used to investigate various parameters amenable to DLLME while no attempt was made to optimise the LPME, achieving the following optimum conditions: 25 μL of a 1:1 toluene-chloroform mixture with 10% sodium chloride into 1 mL aqueous triclosan solutions and extraction time of 15 min achieving an enrichment efficiency 167 times the reference solution prepared with distilled water, good linearity (R2 = 0.9946) with the estimated limit of detection at 0.013 μg/mL and good repeatability (%RSD ≤ 10). The method showed considerable ruggedness with a similar linearity (R2 = 0.9957) and repeatability (%RSD < 10), with only the limit of detection being compromised (0.31 μg/mL) when applied to a wastewater sample using a matrix-matched standard addition approach. Although the GC-FID method detected triclosan in the wastewater sample, the results were negated by those from the GC-MS; as such it therefore could not be concluded with confidence whether the water contained any triclosan or not. However, the results demonstrated the potential of this method in determination of triclosan in water-based samples when the extraction was coupled to a more rugged system such as a GC-MS.
An updated water balance for the Grootfontein aquifer near Mahikeng
Authors: Cobbing JE 
Published: February 2018

The Grootfontein Aquifer, part of the important North West dolomite aquifers, supplies about 20% of Mahikeng’s domestic water needs. Over-abstraction caused the large natural spring draining the aquifer to disappear in 1981, and groundwater levels have since fallen nearly 30 m in the vicinity of the former spring. Analysis of water levels and a water balance using recent assessments of groundwater abstractions confirm past work describing the hydrogeological functioning of the aquifer, and suggest that current abstractions need to fall by between 19 and 36 ML/day (7 and 13 Mm3/a) to bring the aquifer back into longterm balance. Continued over-abstraction at Grootfontein implies increasing risk to Mahikeng’s water supply, and illuminates the larger challenge of ensuring groundwater use in the North West dolomites that is sustainable and in the public interest.
Case study modelling for an ettringite treatment process
Authors: Germishuizen C , Franzsen S , Grobler H , Simate GS , Sheridan CM 
Published: February 2018

Several technologies have been developed to treat acid mine drainage (AMD) and attention is shifting towards the removal of sulphate. The formation of ettringite, a hydrous calcium aluminium sulphate mineral, is an option to treat AMD and can reduce the sulphate concentration to well below the discharge specifications. The process modelled in this study includes the formation of ettringite and the recovery of gibbsite through the decomposition of recycled ettringite. The modelling of this process was done using PHREEQC and the results presented in this paper are based on the outcome of different case studies that investigated how the process is affected by a change in parameters. These include, changing the feed water pH, altering the split fractions in the hydrocyclone for the gibbsite recovery and varying the pH for ettringite formation.
Effect of sodium adsorption ratio and electric conductivity of the applied water on infiltration in a sandy-loam soil
Authors: Aboukarima Abdulwahed M , Al-Sulaiman Mohammed A , El Marazky Mohamed SA 
Published: February 2018

Infiltration measurements using a double-ring infiltrometer were conducted on a sandy-loam soil located in Saudi Arabia. The measurements were performed for an undisturbed soil. The effect of sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and electric conductivity (EC) of the applied water on infiltration rate was examined. The infiltration rate at the initial time was high, in the order 305 > 240 > 137 > 104 > 65 mm/h for SAR of 3.34, 3.52, 4.14, 4.18, and 7.60, respectively. The results showed that 180 min after the initial time of measurement in the sandy-loam soil, the final infiltration rates were in the range of 21.1–44.0 mm/h for the different qualities of water considered in this study, with an average value of 33.8 mm/h. Hence, the infiltration rate is sensitive to the SAR of the applied water. The final infiltration rate (IRf) and the final cumulative infiltration depth (Zf) after 180 min could be predicted using the following equations:IRf (mm/h) = 49.399 + 6.691 × EC (dS/m) – 6.740 × SAR (—) R2 = 0.939Zf (mm) = 148.198 + 20.074 × EC (dS/m) – 20.221 × SAR (—) R2 = 0.9387
Distribution of primary and secondary currents in sine-generated bends
Authors: He Li 
Published: February 2018

The secondary circulation in a meandering channel redistributes the velocity over the bend. However, the shift of primary flow by secondary currents is not quantitatively understood, due to the difficulty in isolating the role of curvature-driven secondary flow from that of topography-driven secondary flow in bed-deformed meanders. The influences of curvature-driven and topography-driven secondary currents on the redistribution of primary flow in sine-generated meandering channels were examined by CCHE2D. The model is calibrated using data measured in two sets of laboratory experiments including flat-bed flow and mobile-bed flow. Analysis indicated that topography-induced current mainly contributes to the redistribution of primary flow from inner to outer bank in the curved channels, rather than the secondary flow driven by curvature.
Virus-mediated transfer of nitrogen from heterotrophic bacteria to phytoplankton
Authors: Shelford Emma J. , Suttle Curtis A. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract. Lytic infection of bacteria by viruses releases nutrients during cell lysis
and stimulates the growth of primary producers, but the path by which these
nutrients flow from lysates to primary producers has not been traced. This
study examines the remineralisation of nitrogen (N) from Vibrio lysates by heterotrophic bacterioplankton and its transfer to primary
producers. In laboratory trials, Vibrio sp. strain PWH3a was
infected with a lytic virus (PWH3a-P1) and the resulting 36.0 µmol L−1 of dissolved organic N (DON) in the lysate was added to cultures
containing cyanobacteria (Synechococcus sp. strain DC2) and a
natural bacterial assemblage. Based on the increase in cyanobacteria, 74 %
(26.5 µmol L−1 N) of the DON in the lysate was remineralised and
taken up. Lysate from Vibrio sp. strain PWH3a labeled with
15NH4+ was also added to seawater containing natural microbial
communities, and in four field experiments, stable isotope analysis indicated
that the uptake of 15N was 0.09 to 0.70 µmol N µg−1 of
chlorophyll a. The results from these experiments demonstrate that DON from
lysate can be efficiently remineralised and transferred to phytoplankton, and
they provide further evidence that the viral shunt is an important link in
nitrogen recycling in aquatic systems.
A global approach to estimate irrigated areas – a comparison between different data and statistics
Authors: Meier Jonas , Zabel Florian , Mauser Wolfram 
Published: February 2018

Abstract. Agriculture is the largest global consumer of water.
Irrigated areas constitute 40 % of the total area used for agricultural production (FAO, 2014a)
Information on their spatial distribution is highly relevant for regional
water management and food security. Spatial information on irrigation is
highly important for policy and decision makers, who are facing the
transition towards more efficient sustainable agriculture. However, the
mapping of irrigated areas still represents a challenge for land use
classifications, and existing global data sets differ strongly in their
results. The following study tests an existing irrigation map based on
statistics and extends the irrigated area using ancillary data. The approach
processes and analyzes multi-temporal normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) SPOT-VGT data and agricultural
suitability data – both at a spatial resolution of 30 arcsec – incrementally
in a multiple decision tree. It covers the period from 1999 to 2012. The
results globally show a 18 % larger irrigated area than existing
approaches based on statistical data. The largest differences compared to
the official national statistics are found in Asia and particularly in China
and India. The additional areas are mainly identified within already known
irrigated regions where irrigation is more dense than previously estimated.
The validation with global and regional products shows the large divergence
of existing data sets with respect to size and distribution of irrigated
areas caused by spatial resolution, the considered time period and the input
data and assumption made.
Propagation of the nonlinear plastic stress waves in semi-infinite bar
Authors: Włodarczyk Edward , Sarzyński Marcin 
Published: February 2018

This paper presents the propagation longitudinal nonlinear plastic stress in thin semi-infinite rod or in wire. The rod is characterized by a nonlinear strain hardening model within the scope a plastic strain. The modulus of strain hardening is a decreasing function of the strain. The frontal bar end is suddenly launching to the velocity V, and subsequently moves with this one. General solution of this boundary value problem of the Lagrangian coordinate (material description) and of the Eulerian one (spatial description) has been presented. There has been carried out the physical interpretation of the obtained results by means of Lagrangian and Eulerian methods. The results of this paper may be utilized in scientific researches and in engineering practice.
The public protection — light type protection solution
Authors: Harmata Władysław , Sobiech Marian 
Published: February 2018

The paper presents the analysis of the present situation in the concern of the public protection against modern toxics by using the light type of shelters. The object of laboratory tests in the chemical agents’ environment is the complete light shelter (tent), called No-1 which is designed for the military purpose as the mobile command post at the brigade level. The point of concern is given to characteristics of the tent construction and its tactical-technical parameters. After the tests, there was discovered that the light type shelter provides the personnel protection against chemical or biological agents that could be find in the air as the BC agents or industrial toxics. The air inside the tent shelter is pressurized and decontaminated by the special NBC filters and the device is called UFW-900-2C. This filter set is equipped with adequate electronic controller and parts which provide an effective air cleaning and sufficient flow across the tent, and finally this composition works as the efficient, complete set.
Keywords: construction, public protection, light type protection, NBC filtration
Influence of molecular structure on helicoidal structure and NMR spectra of chiral liquid crystalline esters
Authors: Drzewicz Anna , Tykarska Marzena , Szala Mateusz , Żurowska Magdalena 
Published: February 2018

Three-ring chiral liquid crystalline compounds, forming antiferroelectric phase, differing in the structure of alkyl chain and in the substitution of benzene ring by fluorine atoms were studied. The measurements of helical pitch, based on the selective light reflection phenomenon, were performed as well as 1H and 13C NMR spectra at room temperature were registered. The influence of molecular structure as well as the type of helicoidal structure on the chemical shift of signals coming from chiral center was observed. Keywords: liquid crystals, helicoidal structure, nuclear magnetic resonance, antiferroelectric phase
Evaluation of time change of the Love k2 and k3 numbers using LAGEOS SLR data
Authors: Jagoda Marcin , Rutkowska Miłosława , Kraszewska Katarzyna 
Published: February 2018

In this paper, we present the estimated Love numbers for degree 2 and 3 (k2 and k3). The determination was based on the Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) data of LAGEOS-1 and LAGEOS-2 satellites obtained within the period of January 1, 2014 until January 1, 2016. The results were compared with our previous determination of these parameters for the period from January 1, 2005 until January 1, 2007 to examine whether any systematic differences and time evolution occur. The adjusted values for the k2 and k3 parameters are, 0.29867±0.0001 and 0.0898±0.0047 (LAGEOS-1 data), respectively and 0.29858±0.0001 and 0.0867±0.0047 (LAGEOS-2 data). The discrepancies between the k2 and k3 values obtained in our previous paper [25] and this analysis are: –0.00293 (LAGEOS-1 data) and –0.00202 (LAGEOS-2 data) for k2 and –0.0091 (LAGEOS-1 data) and 0.0057 (LAGEOS-2 data) for k3. The obtained discrepancies in the k2 and k3 values may indicate their change over time. Keywords: tides, Love numbers, SLR, LAGEOS-1, LAGEOS-2
Sensitive NPM1 Mutation Quantitation in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Using Ultradeep Next-Generation Sequencing in the Diagnostic Laboratory
Authors: Blombery Piers , Jones Kate , Doig Ken , Ryland Georgina , McBean Michelle , Thompson Ella , Yannakou Costas K. , Westerman David 
Published: February 2018

Context
Detection of measurable residual disease after therapy is an important predictor of outcome in acute myeloid leukemia.

Objective
To investigate the feasibility of using next-generation sequencing (NGS) in the diagnostic laboratory to perform quantitative NPM1 mutation assessment using ultradeep (approximately 300 000×–500 000×) sequencing (NGS-qNPM1) as a method of assessing residual disease burden in patients with acute myeloid leukemia.

Design
A flexible NGS-based assay for the detection and quantitation of NPM1 mutations was developed by polymerase chain reaction amplification of target DNA sequences, sequencing on an Illumina (San Diego, California) MiSeq, and analyzing data with an in-house–designed bioinformatic pipeline. NGS-qNPM1 was compared with current NPM1 quantitation methods (real-time quantitative-polymerase chain reaction and multiparameter flow cytometry).

Results
The NGS-qNPM1 assay had a sensitivity of between 10−4 and 10−5 and showed high concordance and correlation with reference methodologies. Moreover, the NGS-qNPM1 assay was able to be integrated into the laboratory's existing, targeted amplicon-based sequencing workflow.

Conclusions
An NGS-based, quantitative NPM1-mutation assessment can be used to monitor patients with acute myeloid leukemia, and it has some practical advantages over existing modalities.