bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Growing Media and Chemical Treatment on the Seedling Growth of High Chill Peach
Authors: Jain Ayushi , Dimri D.C. , Kumari Monu , Jain Visha , Kumar Harshit , Sunil  , Lal Mangi , Meena Ram Lakhan 
Published: November 2024

The present study entitled “Evaluation of Growing Media and Dormancy Breaking Chemical on the Seedling Growth of High Chill Peach” was conducted at Dept. of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Horticulture Research Centre, G.B.P.U.A&T, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand during the year 2022-23. The experiments were carried out in Factorial Complete Randomized Design (FCRD) with 3 replications per treatment. Under seedling growth studies, the total numbers of treatment were 16 with 2 factors comprising of four growing media (soil: sand: FYM, soil: sand: vermicompost, soil: sand: cocopeat and soil: FYM: vermicompost: cocopeat) and four chemical treatments (control, GA3 @ 500 ppm, kinetin @ 50 ppm and thiourea @ 5000 ppm). In the experiment the maximum seedling length, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root length, root fresh weight and root dry weight was recorded in soil: FYM: vermicompost: cocopeat, GA3 @ 500 ppm and interaction M4C3 (soil: FYM: vermicompost: cocopeat + GA3 @ 500ppm) while the minimum values were recorded in soil: sand: cocopeat, control and M3C1. Result from this study discovered that GA3 @ 500 ppm along with the growing media soil: FYM: vermicompost: cocopeat recorded the maximum seedling length, diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, shoot fresh weight and shoot dry weight which can be recommended for raising the rootstocks for the production of quality planting material of peach for seedling rootstock.
Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Nielsen Anne Ellerup , Andersen Sophie Esmann 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis entry provides an overview of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and strategic CSR communication from a historical and theoretical perspective. It addresses different approaches to CSR, distinguishing paradigmatic and theoretical conceptualizations and framings within the fields of CSR and CSR communication. The lack of consensus about what CSR is and what it contributes to organizational success and the quality of society has given rise to dilemmas and conflicts between stakeholder interests that may cause particular challenges for strategic CSR communication. The entry uncovers some of these dilemmas and conflicts, considering them to be a means of moving CSR forward by supporting the emerging interest in it as a combination of socially responsible processes and values that can provide an alternative to the previous focus on strong corporate outcomes and reputation.
Low‐Temperature Heteroepitaxy of 2D PbI2/Graphene for Large‐Area Flexible Photodetectors
Authors: Zhang Jincan , Huang Yucheng , Tan Zhenjun , Li Tianran , Zhang Yichi , Jia Kaicheng , Lin Li , Sun Luzhao , Chen Xiwen , Li Zhenzhu , Tan Congwei , Zhang Jinxia , Zheng Liming , Wu Yue , Deng Bing , Chen Zhaolong , Liu Zhongfan , Peng Hailin 
Published: July 2018

AbstractHeterostructures based on graphene and other 2D atomic crystals exhibit fascinating properties and intriguing potential in flexible optoelectronics, where graphene films function as transparent electrodes and other building blocks are used as photoactive materials. However, large‐scale production of such heterostructures with superior performance is still in early stages. Herein, for the first time, the preparation of a submeter‐sized, vertically stacked heterojunction of lead iodide (PbI2)/graphene on a flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film by vapor deposition of PbI2 on graphene/PET substrate at a temperature lower than 200 °C is demonstrated. This film is subsequently used to fabricate bendable graphene/PbI2/graphene sandwiched photodetectors, which exhibit high responsivity (45 A W−1 cm−2), fast response (35 µs rise, 20 µs decay), and high‐resolution imaging capability (1 µm). This study may pave a facile pathway for scalable production of high‐performance flexible devices.
Pathogenicity of human antibodies against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein
Authors: Spadaro Melania , Winklmeier Stephan , Beltrán Eduardo , Macrini Caterina , Höftberger Romana , Schuh Elisabeth , Thaler Franziska S. , Gerdes Lisa Ann , Laurent Sarah , Gerhards Ramona , Brändle Simone , Dornmair Klaus , Breithaupt Constanze , Krumbholz Markus , Moser Markus , Krishnamoorthy Gurumoorthy , Kamp Frits , Jenne Dieter , Hohlfeld Reinhard , Kümpfel Tania , Lassmann Hans , Kawakami Naoto , Meinl Edgar 
Published: July 2018

ObjectiveAutoantibodies against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) occur in a proportion of patients with inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). We analyzed their pathogenic activity by affinity‐purifying these antibodies (Abs) from patients and transferring them to experimental animals.MethodsPatients with Abs to MOG were identified by cell‐based assay. We determined the cross‐reactivity to rodent MOG and the recognized MOG epitopes. We produced the correctly folded extracellular domain of MOG and affinity‐purified MOG‐specific Abs from the blood of patients. These purified Abs were used to stain CNS tissue and transferred in 2 models of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Animals were analyzed histopathologically.ResultsWe identified 17 patients with MOG Abs from our outpatient clinic and selected 2 with a cross‐reactivity to rodent MOG; both had recurrent optic neuritis. Affinity‐purified Abs recognized MOG on transfected cells and stained myelin in tissue sections. The Abs from the 2 patients recognized different epitopes on MOG, the CC′ and the FG loop. In both patients, these Abs persisted during our observation period of 2 to 3 years. The anti‐MOG Abs from both patients were pathogenic upon intrathecal injection in 2 different rat models. Together with cognate MOG‐specific T cells, these Abs enhanced T‐cell infiltration; together with myelin basic protein–specific T cells, they induced demyelination associated with deposition of C9neo, resembling a multiple sclerosis type II pathology.InterpretationMOG‐specific Abs affinity purified from patients with inflammatory demyelinating disease induce pathological changes in vivo upon cotransfer with myelin‐reactive T cells, suggesting that these Abs are similarly pathogenic in patients. Ann Neurol 2018;84:315–328
Hybrid Nanoreactors: Enabling an Off‐the‐Shelf Strategy for Concurrently Enhanced Chemo‐immunotherapy
Authors: Yang Yannan , Tang Jie , Abbaraju Prasanna Lakshmi , Jambhrunkar Manasi , Song Hao , Zhang Min , Lei Chang , Fu Jianye , Gu Zhengying , Liu Yang , Yu Chengzhong 
Published: July 2018

AbstractImmunosuppressive tumors generally exhibit poor response to immune checkpoint blockade based cancer immunotherapy. Rationally designed hybrid nanoreactors are now presented that have integrated functions as Fenton catalysts and glutathione depletion agents for amplifying the immunogenic cell death and activating immune cells. A simple physical mixture of nanoreactors and chemodrugs in combination with immune checkpoint blockades show synergistically and concurrently enhanced chemo‐immunotherapy efficacy, inhibiting the growth of both treated primary immunosuppressive tumors and untreated distant tumors. The off‐the‐shelf strategy uses tumor antigens generated in situ and avoids cargo loading, and is thus a substantial advance in personalized nanomedicine for clinical translation.
Bayesian design of experiments for logistic regression to evaluate multiple nuclear forensic algorithms
Authors: Quinlan Kevin R. , Anderson‐Cook Christine M. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWhen evaluating the performance of several forensic classification algorithms, it is desirable to construct a design that considers a variety of performance levels for each of the algorithms. We describe a strategy to use Bayesian design of experiments with multiple prior estimates to capture anticipated performance. Our goal is to characterize results from the different classification algorithms as a function of multiple explanatory variables and use this to choose a design about which units to test. Bayesian design of experiments has been successful for generalized linear models, including logistic regression models. We develop methodology for the case where there are several potentially nonoverlapping priors for anticipated performance under consideration. The weighted priors method performs well for a broad range of true underlying model parameter choices and is more robust when compared to other candidate design choices. Additionally, we show how this can be applied in the multivariate input case and provide some useful summary measures. The shared information plot is used to evaluate design point allocation, and the D‐value difference plot allows for the comparison of design performance across multiple potential parameter values in higher dimensions. We illustrate the methods with several examples.
A simple gold nanoplasmonic SERS method for trace Hg2+ based on aptamer‐regulating graphene oxide catalysis
Authors: Li Chongning , Wang Xiaoliang , Liang Aihui , Luo Yanghe , Wen Guiqing , Jiang Zhiliang 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe as‐prepared graphene oxide (GO) exhibited a strong catalytic effect on reduction of HAuCl4 by trisodium citrate to form gold nanoplasmons (AuNPs) with a strong surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect at 1615 cm−1 in the presence of molecular probe Victoria blue 4R (VB4r). SERS intensity increased with nanocatalyst GO concentration due to the formation of more AuNP substrates. The aptamer (Apt) of Hg2+ can bind to GO to form Apt–GO complexes, which can strongly inhibit nanocatalysis. When target Hg2+ is present, the formed stable Hg2+–Apt complexes are separated from the GO surface, which leads to GO catalysis recovery. The enhanced SERS signal was linear to Hg2+ concentration in the range 0.25–10 nmol/L, with a detection limit of 0.08 nmol/L Hg2+. Thus, a new gold nanoplasmon molecular spectral analysis platform was established for detecting Hg2+, based on Apt regulation of GO nanocatalysis.
An Organo‐Fluorine Compound Mixed Electrolyte for Ultrafast Electric Double Layer Supercapacitors
Authors: Bahuguna Gaurav , Ram Pura , Sharma Rakesh K. , Gupta Ritu 
Published: July 2018

AbstractFluorine chemistry has gained tremendous attention in the area of electrochemical energy devices such as lithium ion batteries, fuel cells and solar cells. With the advent of novel fluorinating systems, it is interesting to study the effect of fluorine on the electrochemical characteristics of such energy devices. In this study, an organo‐fluorine compound, SelectfluorTM (F‐TEDA) is used as a co‐electrolyte with organic electrolyte, tetrabutyl ammonium tetrafluoroborate (TBABF4) to facilitate the formation of electrostatic double layer. F‐TEDA is a commercially available N−F fluorinating agent existing as ion‐pair resembling conventional electrolytes. The ionic conductivity of 0.5 M F‐TEDA/TBABF4 is found to be 5.10 mS/cm that increases on introduction of ppm level of water indicating its sensitivity towards water. Symmetric Swagelok‐type cells in two electrode geometry are fabricated using carbon cloth as electrodes and F‐TEDA/TBABF4 as electrolyte. F‐TEDA/TBABF4 in inert condition (Device C) exhibits superior supercapacitive behaviour in terms of high rate capability and capacitance retention. The devices are assembled in ambient and inert conditions to examine the influence of moisture on supercapacitor performance. Interestingly, device based on F‐TEDA assembled in ambient condition despite of decrease in voltage window exhibits a remarkable increase in specific capacitance by 102 % with respect to control electrolyte.
Thermodynamic Programming of Erbium(III) Coordination Complexes for Dual Visible/Near‐Infrared Luminescence
Authors: Golesorkhi Bahman , Guénée Laure , Nozary Homayoun , Fürstenberg Alexandre , Suffren Yan , Eliseeva Svetlana V. , Petoud Stéphane , Hauser Andreas , Piguet Claude 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIntrigued by the unexpected room‐temperature dual visible/near‐infrared (NIR) luminescence observed for fast‐relaxing erbium complexes embedded in triple‐stranded helicates, in this contribution, we explore a series of six tridentate N‐donor receptors L4–L9 with variable aromaticities and alkyl substituents to extricate the stereoelectronic features responsible for such scarce optical signatures. Detailed solid‐state (X‐ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, optical spectroscopy) and solution (speciations and thermodynamic stabilities, spectrophotometry, NMR and optical spectroscopy) studies of mononuclear unsaturated [Er(Lk)2]3+ and saturated triple‐helical [Er(Lk)3]3+ model complexes reveal that the stereoelectronic changes induced by the organic ligands affect inter‐ and intramolecular interactions to such an extent that 1) melting temperatures in solids, 2) the affinity for trivalent erbium in solution, and 3) optical properties in luminescent complexes can be rationally varied and controlled. With this toolkit in hand, mononuclear erbium complexes with low stabilities displaying only NIR emission can be transformed into molecular‐based dual Er‐centered visible/NIR emitters operating at room temperature in both solid and solution states.
Synthesis, Structure and Application of Intramolecularly‐Coordinated Gallium Chalcogenides: Suitable Single‐Source precursors for GaxSey Materials
Authors: Řičica Tomáš , Dostál Libor , Růžičková Zdenka , Beneš Ludvík , Němec Petr , Bouška Marek , Macak Jan M. , Knotek Petr , Ruleová Pavlína , Jambor Roman 
Published: July 2018

AbstractStudies have been focused on the synthesis of N→Ga‐coordinated organogallium selenides and tellurides [L1Ga(μ‐Se)]2 (1), [L2Ga(μ‐Se)]2 (2) and [L1Ga(μ‐Te)]2 (3), respectively, containing either N,C,N‐ or C,N‐chelating ligands L1, 2 (L1 is {2,6‐(Me2NCH2)2C6H3}− and L2 is {2‐(Et2NCH2)‐4,6‐tBu2‐C6H2}−) having Ga/E (E=Se or Te) atoms in 1/1 ratio. To change the Ga/E ratio, an unusual N→Ga‐coordinated organogallium tetraselenide L1Ga(κ2‐Se4) (4) was prepared. An unprecedented complex (L1Ga)2(μ‐Te2)(μ‐Te) (5), as the result of the non‐stability of 3, was also isolated. Compound 2 is a suitable single‐source precursor for the preparation of amorphous GaSe thin films by the spin coating. Moreover, simple heating of an octadecylamine solution of 2 provided, after work up, monoclinic Ga2Se3 crystals with different crystallinity according to conditions used. Therefore, compound 2 may be also used as a source of Ga2Se3 in the low‐temperature doping process of Bi2Se3.
Alkylating Reagents Employed in Catellani‐Type Reactions
Authors: Liu Ze‐Shui , Gao Qianwen , Cheng Hong‐Gang , Zhou Qianghui 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe Catellani reaction is a powerful strategy that allows the expeditious synthesis of highly substituted arenes, which are not easily accessible through traditional transition‐metal‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reactions. This reaction utilizes the synergistic interplay of palladium and norbornene catalysis to facilitate sequential ortho‐C−H functionalization and ipso termination of aryl iodides in a single operation. Since pioneering work by the group of Catellani in 1997, and later by the group of Lautens, this chemistry has attracted considerable attention from the synthetic chemistry community. Dramatic progress has been made by a number of groups in the past two decades. In this Minireview, the alkylating reagents employed in this intriguing reaction and the corresponding applications in organic synthesis are summarized; thus complementing existing reviews to inspire future developments.
Quantum Effects Allow the Construction of Two‐Dimensional Co3O4‐Embedded Nitrogen‐Doped Porous Carbon Nanosheet Arrays from Bimetallic MOFs as Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalysts
Authors: Zhang Hao , Xu Jiaying , Jin Yiwen , Tong Yinlin , Lu Qingyi , Gao Feng 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn terms of promising candidates for high‐performance fuel cells and water splitting electrocatalysts, two‐dimensional (2D) materials refer to a class of materials with high electrical conductivity along 2D conducting channels and possessing abundant active sites in the form of surface atoms and edge sites. Herein, we report an ammonia‐modulated method for the synthesis of nanosized bimetallic ZnCo‐ZIF, and owing to quantum effects, the nanosized ZnCo‐ZIF can be transformed into novel 2D nanosheet arrays, which can be used as a bifunctional electrocatalyst. The size of the ZnCo‐ZIF crystals can be controlled to less than 10 nm by increasing the ammonia amount. The products from the nanosized particles through calcination have a distinct structure from the microsized nanoparticles owing to quantum effects and appear to be well‐aligned 2D mono‐crystalline Co3O4‐embedded nitrogen‐doped porous carbon nanosheet arrays (2D‐MCo3O4‐NCNAs). These novel 2D nanosheet arrays lead to large active surface areas, enhanced mass/charge transport capability, numerous active sites, and strong structure stability. When used as bifunctional catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), the 2D‐MCo3O4‐NCNAs exhibit superior ORR activity as well as efficient OER activity in alkaline electrolyte, in comparison to the state‐of‐the‐art precious metal catalysts.
Three Silver Nests Capped by Thiolate/Phenylphosphonate
Authors: Su Yan‐Min , Su Hai‐Feng , Wang Zhi , Li Yan‐An , Schein Stan , Zhao Quan‐Qin , Wang Xing‐Po , Tung Chen‐Ho , Sun Di , Zheng Lan‐Sun 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIntroducing phenylphosphonic acid (H2PPA) into the Ag/tBuSH assembly system has produced a family of nanoscale‐sized, high‐atom number, silver thiolate/PPA nests (SD/Ag45 a, SD/Ag66 a, and SD/Ag73 a) with impressive core–shell features. SD/Ag45 a is a 45‐atom ellipsoid comprised of an Ag36 shell trapping an Ag9S2 three‐bladed rotor inside. SD/Ag66 a comprises an inner rod‐like Ag20 core and an outer Ag44 shell, giving a 64‐atom nest. These Ag64 nests are further extended by Ag(CN)2 linkers to form a one‐dimensional chain structure. SD/Ag73 a is a three‐shell 73‐nucleus silver nest with a central silver atom enclosed in a rhombicuboctahedron of 24 silver atoms, which is itself enclosed in the outermost shell of a rectified version of a 48‐Ag octahedral Goldberg 2,0 cage. The solution behaviors and optical absorption properties of the three nests are described in detail. Of note, SD/Ag45 a and SD/Ag73 a emit in the near‐infrared region and show different luminescent thermochromic behavior. This work demonstrates that the participation of H2PPA strongly influences the structures of silver thiolate nests, thus providing a new route to fabricate and modify them in a more rational way.
Consumption of a defined, plant‐based diet reduces lipoprotein(a), inflammation, and other atherogenic lipoproteins and particles within 4 weeks
Authors: Najjar Rami S. , Moore Carolyn E. , Montgomery Baxter D. 
Published: July 2018

BackgroundLipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a highly atherogenic lipoprotein and is minimally effected by lifestyle changes. While some drugs can reduce Lp(a), diet has not consistently shown definitive reduction of this biomarker. The effect of consuming a plant‐based diet on serum Lp(a) concentrations have not been previously evaluated.HypothesisConsumption of a defined, plant‐based for 4 weeks reduces Lp(a).MethodsSecondary analysis of a previous trial was conducted, in which overweight and obese individuals (n = 31) with low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations >100 mg/dL consumed a defined, plant‐based diet for 4 weeks. Baseline and 4‐week labs were collected. Data were analyzed using a paired samples t‐test.ResultsSignificant reductions were observed for serum Lp(a) (−32.0 ± 52.3 nmol/L, P = 0.003), apolipoprotein B (−13.2 ± 18.3 mg/dL, P < 0.0005), low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) particles (−304.8 ± 363.0 nmol/L, P < 0.0005) and small‐dense LDL cholesterol (−10.0 ± 9.2 mg/dL, P < 0.0005). Additionally, serum interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), total white blood cells, lipoprotein‐associated phospholipase A2 (Lp‐PLA2), high‐sensitivity c‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP), and fibrinogen were significantly reduced (P ≤ 0.004).ConclusionsA defined, plant‐based diet has a favorable impact on Lp(a), inflammatory indicators, and other atherogenic lipoproteins and particles. Lp(a) concentration was previously thought to be only minimally altered by dietary interventions. In this protocol however, a defined plant‐based diet was shown to substantially reduce this biomarker. Further investigation is required to elucidate the specific mechanisms that contribute to the reductions in Lp(a) concentrations, which may include alterations in gene expression.
Thrust2D: A new design abstraction framework for structured grid class of algorithms
Authors: Sarkar Santonu , George Ajai V , Manoj Sankar 
Published: July 2018

SummaryAn important goal of structured parallel programming has been to provide a design framework that balances between the extent of abstraction built over the hardware and the amount of control given to the programmer to leverage the hardware resource features. Towards this goal, NVIDIA has released an open‐source design framework called Thrust based on C++ STL, where the developers can express the functionality in STL style, without having to know the architectural details of the underlying parallel infrastructure. While the framework is generic and portable, it does not support the right abstraction for two‐dimensional data, which is heavily used in most of the popular parallel algorithms. In this paper, we proposed Thrust2D, an extension of Thrust to support the abstraction for two‐dimensional data, targeted towards structured grid class of applications. We took several structured grid examples from Rodinia benchmark, OpenCV framework, and NVIDIA samples and rewrote them using Thrust2D. We demonstrated that, in some cases, we get nearly 80% reduction in code complexity, and for 12 out of 17 applications we have tested, the kernel performance of Thrust2D versions are well within 85% of the native CUDA versions. When we consider the total execution time, 14 out of 17 Thrust2D versions performance are within 85% of the native CUDA versions. In some cases, the performance of the Thrust2D versions has outperformed the native versions.
Evaluating deep learning models for sentiment classification
Authors: Ay Karakuş Betül , Talo Muhammed , Hallaç İbrahim Rıza , Aydin Galip 
Published: July 2018

SummaryDeep learning has emerged as an effective solution to various text mining problems such as document classification and clustering, document summarization, web mining, and sentiment analysis. In this paper, we describe our work on investigating several deep learning models for a binary sentiment classification problem. We used movie reviews in Turkish from the website www.beyazperde.com to train and test the deep learning models. We also report a detailed comparison of the models in terms of accuracy and time performances. Two major deep learning architectures used in this study are Convolutional Neural Networks and Long Short‐Term Memory. We built several variants of these models by changing the number of layers, tuning the hyper‐parameters, and combining models. Additionally, word embeddings were created by applying the word2vec algorithm with a skip‐gram model on a large dataset (∼ 13 M words) composed of movie reviews. We investigate the effect of using the pre‐word embeddings with these models. Experimental results have shown that the use of word embeddings with deep neural networks effectively yields performance improvements in terms of run time and accuracy.