bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1995-2015: 20 años de aprendizaje permanente en la Unión Europea
Authors: Monclús Estella Antonio , Sabán Vera Carmen 
Published: May 2019

1995 se convierte en una fecha clave para el recorrido de la educación permanente en Europa en particular. Después de la Segunda Guerra Mundial la idea de una educación y una formación continua a lo largo de la vida había cristalizando y tomando forma a partir, principalmente, de las ideas, informes, declaraciones y programas que la Unesco había puesto en marcha a nivel mundial. El significado de la educación permanente va cambiando con rapidez. Y la Unión Europea colaborará activamente en esa transformación. Así, desde 1995, con el Libro Blanco Enseñar y Aprender planteará una nueva visión de la educación capaz de dar respuesta a las necesidades básicas de formación de sus ciudadanos, que sea coherente con los pilares fundacionales de la institución (libre circulación), en el marco de un nuevo tipo de sociedad, la sociedad del conocimiento, mediatiza por los avances tecnológicos. El presente artículo revisa la labor de la Unión Europea en estos veinte años, a través de documentos clave como el Memorándum sobre el Aprendizaje Permanente del año 2000 y el Programa de Aprendizaje Permanente (2006-2013), para concluir en que más que una visión ampliada de la educación permanente, la Unión ha desarrollado un modelo propio de aprendizaje permanente.
Sexismo hostil y benevolente en adolescentes. Una aproximación étnico-cultural
Authors: Rojas Pedregosa Pedro , Moreno Díaz Rafael 
Published: May 2019

En la sociedad actual, y a pesar de los avances realizados en materia de género, el sexismo es una realidad que se repite cada día. Sin embargo, no todas las formas de sexismo son iguales, por lo que muchas veces pueden pasar desapercibidas. Así, el objetivo de esta investigación es conocer el grado de sexismo hostil (S.H.) y benevolente (S.B.) que presentan los adolescentes con diversidad étnico-cultural, teniendo en cuenta las variables de sexo, curso y grupo cultural. Participaron un total de 1027 estudiantes de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (549 chicos y 478 chicas) con edades comprendidas entre los 12 y 19 años. Para ello, se utilizó el Inventario de sexismo ambivalente (ISA). Los resultados obtenidos por sexos demuestran significatividad en cuanto al S.B.; por cursos las diferencias son evidentes entre los dos primeros cursos y 4º de la ESO; en grupos culturales es axiomático para ambos sexismos, siendo la población gitana la que refleja una diferencia explicita frente al grupo cultural mayoritario (payo) y al inmigrante.
Data-optimized Coronal Field Model. I. Proof of Concept
Authors: Dalmasse K. , Savcheva A. , Gibson S. E. , Fan Y. , Nychka D. W. , Flyer N. , Mathews N. , DeLuca E. E. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Deriving the strength and direction of the three-dimensional (3D) magnetic field in the solar atmosphere is fundamental for understanding its dynamics. Volume information on the magnetic field mostly relies on coupling 3D reconstruction methods with photospheric and/or chromospheric surface vector magnetic fields. Infrared coronal polarimetry could provide additional information to better constrain magnetic field reconstructions. However, combining such data with reconstruction methods is challenging, e.g., because of the optical thinness of the solar corona and the lack and limitations of stereoscopic polarimetry. To address these issues, we introduce the data-optimized coronal field model (DOCFM) framework, a model-data fitting approach that combines a parameterized 3D generative model, e.g., a magnetic field extrapolation or a magnetohydrodynamic model, with forward modeling of coronal data. We test it with a parameterized flux-rope insertion method and infrared coronal polarimetry where synthetic observations are created from a known “ground-truth” physical state. We show that this framework allows us to accurately retrieve the ground-truth 3D magnetic field of a set of force-free field solutions from the flux-rope insertion method. In observational studies, the DOCFM will provide a means to force the solutions derived with different reconstruction methods to satisfy additional common coronal constraints. The DOCFM framework therefore opens new perspectives for the exploitation of coronal polarimetry in magnetic field reconstructions and for developing new techniques to more reliably infer the 3D magnetic fields that trigger solar flares and coronal mass ejections.
Half-mass Radii for ∼7000 Galaxies at 1.0 ≤ z ≤ 2.5: Most of the Evolution in the Mass–Size Relation Is Due to Color Gradients
Authors: Suess Katherine A. , Kriek Mariska , Price Sedona H. , Barro Guillermo 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Radial mass-to-light ratio gradients cause the half-mass and half-light radii of galaxies to differ, potentially biasing studies that use half-light radii. Here we present the largest catalog to date of galaxy half-mass radii at z > 1: 7006 galaxies in the CANDELS fields at 1.0 ≤ z ≤ 2.5. The sample includes both star-forming and quiescent galaxies with stellar masses

. We test three methods for calculating half-mass radii from multiband PSF-matched Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging: two based on spatially resolved spectral energy distribution modeling, and one that uses a rest-frame color profile. All three methods agree, with scatter ≲0.3 dex. In agreement with previous studies, most galaxies in our sample have negative color gradients (the centers are redder than the outskirts, and

). We find that color gradient strength has significant trends with increasing stellar mass, half-light radius, U − V color, and stellar mass surface density. These trends have not been seen before at z > 1. Furthermore, color gradients of star-forming and quiescent galaxies show a similar redshift evolution: they are flat at z ≳ 2, then steeply decrease as redshift decreases. This affects the galaxy mass–size relation. The normalizations of the star-forming and quiescent

relations are 10%–40% smaller than the corresponding

relations; the slopes are ∼0.1–0.3 dex shallower. Finally, the half-mass radii of star-forming and quiescent galaxies at M
* = 1010.5
M
⊙ only grow by ∼1% and ∼8% between z ∼ 2.25 and z ∼ 1.25. This is significantly less than the ∼37% and ∼47% size increases found when using the half-light radius.
Self-gravitational Force Calculation of High-order Accuracy for Infinitesimally Thin Gaseous Disks
Authors: Wang Hsiang-Hsu , Shiue Ming-Cheng , Wu Rui-Zhu , Yen Chien-Chang 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Self-gravitational force calculation for infinitesimally thin disks is important for studies on the evolution of galactic and protoplanetary disks. Although high-order methods have been developed for hydrodynamic and magnetohydrodynamic equations, high-order improvement is desirable for solving self-gravitational forces for thin disks. In this work, we present a new numerical algorithm that is of linear complexity and of high-order accuracy. This approach is fast since the force calculation is associated with a convolution form, and the fast calculation can be achieved using Fast Fourier Transform. The nice properties, such as the finite supports and smoothness, of basis spline functions are exploited to stably interpolate a surface density and to achieve a high-order accuracy in forces. Moreover, if the mass distribution of interest is exclusively confined within a calculation domain, the method does not require artificial boundary values to be specified before the force calculation. To validate the proposed algorithm, a series of numerical tests, ranging from first- to third-order implementations, are performed, and the results are compared with analytic expressions derived for third- and fourth-order generalized Maclaurin disks. We conclude that the improvement on the numerical accuracy is significant with the order of the method, with only little increase of the complexity of the method.
A Light-curve Analysis of 32 Recent Galactic Novae: Distances and White Dwarf Masses
Authors: Hachisu Izumi , Kato Mariko 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We obtained the absolute magnitudes, distances, and white dwarf (WD) masses of 32 recent galactic novae based on the time-stretching method for nova light curves. A large part of the light/color curves of two classical novae often overlap each other if we properly squeeze/stretch their timescales. Then, a target nova brightness is related to the other template nova brightness by

, where t is the time, M

V
[t] is the absolute V magnitude, and f
s is their timescaling ratio. Moreover, when these two time-stretched light curves, (t/f
s)–(M

V
− 2.5 log f
s), overlap each other, (t/f
s)–(B − V)0 do too, where (B − V)0 is the intrinsic B − V color. Thus, the two nova tracks overlap each other in the (B − V)0–(M

V
− 2.5 log f
s) diagram. Inversely, using these properties, we obtain/confirm the distance and reddening by comparing each nova light/color curves with well-calibrated template novae. We classify the 32 novae into two types, LV Vul and V1500 Cyg, in the time-stretched (B − V)0–(M

V
− 2.5 log f
s) color–magnitude diagram. The WD mass is obtained by direct comparison of the model V light curves with the observation. Thus, we obtain a uniform set of 32 galactic classical novae that provides the distances and WD masses from a single method. Many novae broadly follow the universal decline law and the present method can be applied to them, while some novae largely deviate from the universal decline law and so the method cannot be directly applied to them. We discuss such examples.
Screening Patients Who Speak Spanish for Low Health Literacy
Authors: Hadden Kristie B. , Prince Latrina Y. , Rojo Martha O. , Selig James P. , McElfish Pearl A. 
Published: May 2019

Background:
Inadequate health literacy is a national health problem that affects about 90 million people from all racial and ethnic groups in the United States. Conceptual and empirical models of health literacy position language as one of the most significant contributors to health literacy.

Objective:
A validated Spanish health literacy screening question asks how confident patients are at filling out medical forms, but it does not clarify whether the forms are in English or in Spanish, contributing to ambiguity and potentially affecting validity. The purpose of this study was to compare responses to questions that clarified the language of the forms referenced in the validated screening question; to explore how the clarified items predicted scores on a measure of health literacy; and to compare the predictive ability of the clarified health literacy items to that of a question about patients' self-reported English proficiency.

Methods:

Participants who speak Spanish (
N
= 200) completed the following surveys: Spanish Health Literacy Screening Question that clarified “English forms” (HLSQ-E) and that clarified “Spanish forms” (HLSQ-S), self-reported English proficiency (SEP), demographic questions, the Short Test of Functional Health Literacy for Adults Spanish (S-TOFHLA-S), and the Newest Vital Sign-Spanish (NVS-Spanish).

Key Results:
Participants reported less confidence with English medical forms than Spanish forms. The sensitivity of screening approaches varied; each predicted inadequate health literacy on the NVS-Spanish and S-TOFHLA-S with different levels of sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. In general, the HLSQ-E was a better predictor of inadequate health literacy than the HLSQ-S; however, the SEP performed nearly as well as the HLSQ-E.

Conclusion:

“How confident are you at filling out medical forms in English…” more appropriately identified patients with inadequate health literacy who speak Spanish. Health literacy screening practices should consider the patient's language and the language of the health care system and use questions that are less ambiguous.

[
HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice
. 2019;3(2):e110–e116.]

Plain Language Summary:
This project focused on patients who speak Spanish and who have a hard time understanding health information. We wanted to find out the best ways to identify these patients so that doctors and nurses can be sure to give them information in ways that they can understand. We tested screening questions that can identify these patients.
O Ensino de matemática no contexto da educação inclusiva
Authors: Silva Luciana Leandro , Strohschoen Andreia Aparecida Guimarães 
Published: May 2019

O presente artigo traz reflexão sobre a o ensino de Matemática no contexto da Educação Inclusiva. Os estudos que tratam sobre a atenção a pessoas com necessidades especiais têm avançado nos últimos anos, trazendo uma compreensão melhor das formas de inclusão na escola. No que concerne ao ensino de matemática há trabalhos incipientes. Objetivando discutir como tem ocorrido o ensino de matemática considerando a inclusão, implementou-se o presente estudo. Realizou-se uma pesquisa de campo, de cunho qualitativo, com a participação de 11 professores que atuam na rede básica de ensino do município de Boa Vista/RR. Os participantes desta pesquisa responderam a um questionário com intuito de identificar a formação pedagógica dos professores que atuam em turmas que possuem alunos com paralisia cerebral, especificamente em escolas de Educação Básica do município de Boa Vista/RR. Com base nas respostas obtidas, observou-se que os cursos de nível superior dos entrevistados, buscaram estar em conformidade com a recomendação da Portaria nº 1.793, 16 de dezembro de 1994, da inclusão de uma disciplina e conteúdos relacionados à Educação Especial, contudo não é suficiente para que se sintam preparado para desenvolver o fazer docente com os alunos com deficiência, sendo a formação continuada de suma importância para que os professores atuem com mais eficácia no ensino da Matemática no contexto da educação inclusiva.
‘There’s Gonna Be Bad Apples’: Police–Community Relations through the Lens of Media Exposure Among University Students
Authors: Levan Kristine , Stevenson Kelsey 
Published: May 2019

Recently, increased media attention has been given to tensions between law enforcement officers and the communities they police. An individuals’ opinions of law enforcement agencies may be formed from various areas, including their exposure to various forms of media. Here, we are interested in the types of media students are exposed to (particularly social media, television news, crime-related television shows). Through interviews with undergraduate students, we seek to understand how both an individual’s demographic characteristics and their media consumption contribute to how perceptions are formed on issues related to violence perpetrated by law enforcement, as well as against law enforcement. Future studies can build on the initial findings and be conducted on a broader range of community members.
Geologia viatjant: proposta didàctica de treball per projectes programada en 5E
Authors: Barbero Camps Elisabet 
Published: May 2019

A qui no li agradaria conèixer els indrets més bells i geològicament interessants de la Terra? En aquesta seqüència didàctica us proposo treballar la dinàmica interna i externa de la Terra a partir d’un context de viatges figurats pel món per quinze destinacions diferents. La seqüència, d’un total de nou sessions, està organitzada d’acord amb la metodologia 5E (Enganxa, Explora, Explica, Elabora i Avalua) incloent aprenentatge basat en projectes (ABP) i coavaluació. L’estructura senzilla que segueix vol animar a treballar per projectes a docents que encara no hi tinguin àmplia experiència prèvia, així com ajudar a conèixer el model de programació en 5E.
Ansiedad y tristeza-depresión: Una aproximación desde la teoría de la indefensión-desesperanza
Authors: Camuñas Nuria , Mavrou Eirini , Miguel Tobal Juan José 
Published: May 2019

Abstract: Anxiety and sadness-depression: An approximation from the perspective of the helplessness-hopelessness theory. The purpose of the study was to analyse the constructs of anxiety and sadness-depression from the perspective of the helplessness-hopelessness Theory. Two hundred twenty-nine adults completed five self-reported measures: The Anxiety Situations and Responses Inventory, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Tridimensional Depression Questionnaire, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Attributional Style Questionnaire. The results of correlation analysis and regression models showed strong associations between the different components of anxiety and depression. Moreover, negative attributional style significantly predicted anxiety and depression, especially the cognitive dimension of these constructs, for both female and male participants. We concluded that these emotions share a common element: a characteristic attributional style related to a broader construct, the “negative emotionality”, that includes both anxiety and depression. Keywords: Attributional style; helplessness; negative affect; emotionality. Resumen: El propósito del estudio fue analizar la ansiedad y la tristeza-depresión desde la teoría de la indefensión-desesperanza. Doscientos veintinueve adultos completaron cinco medidas de autoinforme: el Inventario de Situaciones y Respuestas de Ansiedad, el Cuestionario de Ansiedad Estado Rasgo, el Cuestionario Tridimensional para la Depresión, el Inventario de Depresión de Beck, y el Cuestionario de Estilo Atribucional. Los resultados de los análisis correlacionales y los modelos de regresión efectuados arrojaron asociaciones fuertes entre los diferentes componentes de la ansiedad y la depresión. Además, el estilo atribucional negativo predijo de manera significativa la ansiedad y la depresión, especialmente a nivel cognitivo, en mujeres y varones. Se concluyó que el elemento común a dichas emociones puede ser un estilo atribucional característico relacionado con un constructo más amplio, la “emocionalidad negativa”, que comprende tanto la ansiedad como la depresión. Palabras clave: Estilo atribucional; indefensión; afecto negativo; emocionalidad.
Effect of Nutrients and Medicines on Surface of Compomer
Authors: GÜNDOĞDU ÖZDAL Tamara Pelin , DURUK Gülsüm 
Published: May 2019

Objectives: The
objective of this study is to examine the effect of nutrients and medicines
frequently consumed by children on the surface roughness of the
Polyacid-Modified Composite Resin (compomer), a restorative material
typically used in pediatric dentistry. Materials and Methods: VOCO
Glasiosite® Caps compomer was used as the restoration material. Seven control
groups consisting of nutrients and medicines frequently consumed by children
from 0-6 years (Group 1: Ferro Sanol® B (150 ml) syrup, Group 2: Augmentin®-BID
(400 mg/57 mg) suspension, Group 3: Calpol® (120 mg/150 ml ), Group 4: Bebelac®
Gold 5 follow-on milk, Group 5: Danino® strawberry yogurt, Group 6: Nesquik®
chocolate milk, Group 7: Cappy® orange juice) were formed and their pH values
were measured. Compomer discs were created and their initial surface roughness
was measured by Bruker® Stylus Profilometer. Taking into consideration its
annual usage period, compomer material was brought in contact with
solutions. Then the roughness test was repeated. SEM images of each compomer
material were taken and compared with the control group. Results: The evaluation
of the medicine group revealed that Ferro Sanol® B displays the highest level
of surface roughness difference (23.3 nm). As to the nutrients group, Cappy®
orange juice showed the highest surface roughness difference (21.4 nm). SEM
images support these findings.

Conclusions: The effect of
the solutions on the surface roughness of filling surfaces increases depending
on their acidity. However, it is believed that pH solely does not have any
impact. These studies should be supported by corrosion experiments.
L’alimentation en situation de minorité. L’apport des immigrants à la diversification de l’espace social alimentaire de Montréal
Authors: Girard Alain 
Published: May 2019

L’article se divise en deux sections complémentaires. La première présente le phénomène d’attachement des immigrants de première génération à leurs modèles alimentaires et culinaires prémigratoires en insistant sur le fait que permanence et rupture sont des logiques concomitantes dans un processus de transformation des pratiques. L’article met en lumière le fait que les immigrants, dans leurs pratiques pour (re)construire un chez-soi prolongeant l’espace privé, participent à la structuration de l’espace des quartiers dans lesquels ils habitent. Ils contribuent ainsi à (se) fabriquer un « art de vivre » qui passe, entre autres, par des sensations et des émotions produites par les nourritures et qui, plus largement, crée un espace social alimentaire transculturel. La seconde partie, conçue comme une exemplification de type ethnographique, présente sous forme de vignettes trois commerces d’alimentation destinés entre autres à des clientèles issues de l’immigration, situés dans deux quartiers montréalais où se concentrent ces populations. L’analyse montre qu’ici aussi, la logique de la transculturalité vient nuancer les anciens modèles d’intégration des minorités à la majorité.
Opinions of Pregnant Womens Intended to Male Midwives
Authors: Bolsoy Nursen , Sen Selma , Ulas Seval Cambaz , Durgun Seçil Köken 
Published: May 2019

Aim: The study was conducted to determine opinion of pregnant women about their gender preferences related with midwife profession.
Methods: The study was conducted in cross-sectional and descriptive type. Whereas the research universe was consisted of 2954 pregnant women,the sampling group was including 384 pregnant women. The study was conducted in three randomly-selected Family Health Centers under the jurisdiction of the Manisa Public Health Directorship. The questionnaire consisted of 42 questions, developed by the researchers was harnessed in data collection process. In analysis process of the collected data, mean, percentage and chi-square methods were utilized.
Results: It was determined that although 52.2% of pregnant women agree with the opinion that both women and men could participate in childbearing operation; 97.9% of women preferred to have service from a midwife; and 98.4% preferred to have assistance from a woman midwife. When descriptive characteristics of pregnant women and their opinions regarding gender preferences in midwifery are compared, it was determined that whereas no any statistically significant difference was determined with age, education status, marital status, longest residential place, social security and family types of pregnant women (p>0.05); a statistically significant difference was determined with their employment status, one of their descriptive characteristic (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Whereas majority of pregnant women agree with the opinion that men could be midwife; when it comes to receiving service from midwife during delivery, almost all of them preferwomen midwives. Therefore, if key role of midwives in enhancement of public health are taken into consideration, childbearing, pre- and post-partum care services are especially required to be provided by women midwives.