bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alkaline-assisted Microwave Pretreatment of Tetraselmis suecica Biomass for Fed-batch Enzymatic Hydrolysis
Authors: Kassim Mohd Asyraf , Meng Tan Kean , Serri Noor Aziah 
Published: June 2019

A two-part study on pretreatment and fed-batch enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated Tetraselmis suecica using a high initial biomass concentration was conducted. First, the effect of different pretreatment processes, i.e. microwave (MC), dilute alkaline (AK), and microwave-alkaline assisted (MAK) pretreatment, on enzymatic hydrolysis of T. suecica biomass was evaluated. Furthermore, high initial biomass concentration enzymatic hydrolysis improvement via a fed-batch strategy was performed. Among the pretreatments tested, the MAK pretreatment produced the highest sugar concentration at 9.83 ± 0.24 mg/mL, corresponding to a conversion yield of up to 85.58% of carbohydrate content available in the pretreated biomass. The solid fraction generated after pretreatment was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The FTIR analysis revealed a significant change in the functional hydroxyl and acetyl groups of the biomass, which is favorable for enzymatic hydrolysis. Introducing an initial microalgal biomass concentration beyond 15% (w/v) exhibited a low enzymatic hydrolysis yield. The fed-batch enzymatic hydrolysis strategy of the MAK pretreated T. suecica was further investigated by adding the substrate at different time intervals. The findings indicate that the fed-batch operation system could enhance sugar production and enzymatic hydrolysis yield one-fold.
Data Sets for the Reporting of Tumors of the Central Nervous System: Recommendations From The International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting
Authors: Louis David N. , Wesseling Pieter , Brandner Sebastian , Brat Daniel J. , Ellison David W. , Giangaspero Felice , Hattab Eyas M. , Hawkins Cynthia , Judge Meagan J. , Kleinschmidt-DeMasters Bette , Komori Takashi , McLean Catriona , Paulus Werner , Perry Arie , Reifenberger Guido , Weller Michael , Rous Brian 
Published: June 2019

Context.—
Standards for pathology reporting of cancer are foundational to national and international benchmarking, epidemiology, and clinical trials, with international standards for pathology reporting of cancer being undertaken through the International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting (ICCR).

Objective.—
To develop standardized templates for brain tumor diagnostic pathology reporting.

Design.—
As a response to the 2016 updated 4th edition of the WHO (World Health Organization) Classification of Tumours of the Central Nervous System (2016 CNS WHO), an expert ICCR committee developed data sets to facilitate reporting of brain tumors that are classified histologically and molecularly by the 2016 CNS WHO; as such, this represents the first combined histologic and molecular ICCR data set, and required a novel approach with 3 highly related data sets that should be used in an integrated manner.

Results.—
The current article and accompanying ICCR Web site describe reporting data sets for central nervous system tumors in the hope that they provide easy-to-use and highly reproducible means to issue diagnostic reports in consort with the 2016 CNS WHO.

Conclusions.—
The consistent use of these templates will undoubtedly prove useful for patient care, clinical trials, epidemiologic studies, and monitoring of neuro-oncologic care around the world.
Electrodermal activity during Lower Paleolithic stone tool handling
Authors: Fedato Annapaola , Silva‐Gago María , Terradillos‐Bernal Marcos , Alonso‐Alcalde Rodrigo , Martín‐Guerra Elena , Bruner Emiliano 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectivesHand coordination is a key feature in primate evolution at both behavioral and cognitive levels. Humans further improved their manual abilities, and their cognitive niche is deeply associated with hand‐tool relationships and technological capacity. A main cognitive change is thought to be related to the transition from Oldowan to Acheulean stone tool technology around 1.7 million years ago. In this survey, we test whether distinct Lower Paleolithic tools induce different electrophysiological reactions during haptic exploration.MethodsElectrodermal activity is a relatively quick way to measure emotional and attentional changes during specific tasks. We analyzed changes of the electrodermal response and electrodermal level during Oldowan and Acheulean stone tool handling in a sample of 46 right‐handed adult subjects with no previous archeological knowledge.ResultsElectrodermal proxies for attention and emotion display a skewed distribution. Females present more variable reactions than males and more emotional engagement. Acheulean tools require longer manipulation time and exert less emotional response than Oldowan tools. Attention is influenced by tool length and weight, emotion is sensitive to tool thickness and weight, and manipulation time depends on tool length and width.ConclusionsThis study suggests subtle but detectable perceptual differences when handling Oldowan and Acheulean stone tools. Such variations associated with hand‐tool interaction can provide information on haptic and prosthetic capacities associated with our specialized technological resources. Perceptual changes in the archeological record can reveal evolutionary changes in the corresponding body‐tool cognitive mechanisms.
Systematic model‐based design of tolerant chemical reactors
Authors: Maußner Johannes , Dreiser Christian , Wachsen Olaf , Freund Hannsjörg 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWith the raw material and energy transition to biomass‐based feedstocks and renewable energy sources, flexible chemical reactor designs which are capable of converting more than one feedstock will become increasingly important in the chemical industry. In the present work, we refer to chemical reactors which can convert multiple different feedstocks to a desired product with a high and consistent quality as tolerant chemical reactors and propose a systematic model‐based design strategy. The proposed design approach is based on the concept of elementary process functions and the so‐called multilevel reactor design (MLRD) methodology. We use a multiscenario formulation to consider different possible feedstock scenarios and formulate a general multi‐objective dynamic optimization problem that is solved using the direct transcription approach in combination with a scalarization method such as, for example, the normal boundary intersection method or the normalized normal constraint method. The proposed approach is illustrated on the synthesis of maleic anhydride from different n‐butenes and n‐butane feedstocks. The resulting segmented fixed‐bed reactor concept is capable of converting the different feedstocks to maleic anhydride while satisfying additional performance and safety constraints. The results highlight the potential of the proposed design approach.
Excellent photocatalytic reduction of nitroarenes to aminoarenes by BiVO4 nanoparticles grafted on reduced graphene oxide (rGO/BiVO4)
Authors: Azad Roya , Bezaatpour Abolfazl , Amiri Mandana , Eskandari Habibollah , Nouhi Sima , Taffa Dereje H. , Wark Michael , Boukherroub Rabah , Szunerits Sabine 
Published: June 2019

A novel heterogeneous composite material based on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) was prepared and characterized by various techniques such as powder XRD, HRTEM, EADX, UV–Vis‐DRS, FT‐IR, Raman, BET and XPS analyses. The characterization results reveal that the rGO well decorated by BiVO4. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) shows the increasing of charge transfer of rGO/BiVO4 in presence of light irradiation. In this research, the pure BiVO4 and rGO/BiVO4 composite have been explored for photocatalytic reduction of nitroarenes. Among the prepared nanocomposites, rGO loaded with 10% BiVO4 catalyst (noted as rGO/BiVO4–10%) shows the best performance for the photo‐reduction of various nitroaromatic molecules to their corresponding amine compounds under visible‐light irradiation at room temperature. The catalyst exhibited in particular excellent photocatalytic activity for the conversion of 1,4‐dinitrobenzene to 4‐nitroanilline (100% conversion) in 20 min, 4‐chloronitrobenzene to 4‐chloroaniline and 2‐nitrophenol to 2‐aminophenol (100% conversion) in only 30 min. In addition, the conversion of 4‐bromonitrobenzene, 4‐iodonitrobenzene to their corresponding amine compounds (100% conversion) was achieved in 60 min. The catalyst was recovered for several times and reused without decreasing of its efficiency.
Compostable composites of wheat stalk micro‐ and nanocrystalline cellulose and poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate): Surface properties and degradation behavior
Authors: Giri Jyoti , Lach Ralf , Grellmann Wolfgang , Susan Md. Abu Bin Hasan , Saiter Jean‐Marc , Henning Sven , Katiyar Vimal , Adhikari Rameshwar 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTAn agricultural waste, the wheat stalk, was used for the extraction of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) via a series of thermochemical and mechanical treatments. The MCC and NCC were then compounded with the biodegradable polymer, poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate), PBAT, by melt mixing. The properties of the composites were evaluated by soil composting, contact angle and water absorption measurements, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The cellulosic filler was found, as per SEM results, to uniformly disperse in the polymer matrix forming a quite homogeneous composite which visibly degraded completely within a few months under soil composting and showed high water absorption, these properties being enhanced with the filler content. Compared to the neat PBAT, the composites showed enhanced surface hydrophilicity thereby increasing the ability of degradation. In spite of seemingly remarkable change in mechanical stability of the polymers under soil burial for several months, relatively low lowering of the molecular weight was observed. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48149.
Interaction of platinum agents, cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin against albumin in vivo rats and in vitro study using inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometory
Authors: Kato Ryuji , Sato Takaji , Iwamoto Asuka , Yamazaki Taku , Nakashiro Satomi , Yoshikai Shoichi , Fujimoto Ayumi , Imano Hideki , Ijiri Yoshio , Mino Yoshiki , Chikuma Masahiko , Tanaka Kazuhiko , Hayashi Tetsuya 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe protein binding rates (PBR) of platinum‐containing agents cisplatin (CDDP), carboplatin (CBDCA) and oxaliplatin (L‐OHP) have been reported as 98%, 25–50% and 98%, respectively. To investigate the protein‐binding properties of albumin with cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS) was used to measure their plasma concentration in rats over time. The study also examined the effects of cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin‐binding on albumin in vitro, using CD spectrometry and native‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (native PAGE). The ratios of PBR to irreversible PBR, of cisplatin and oxaliplatin were 98%:98% and 90%:87%, respectively, indicating a higher affinity for irreversible binding with albumin. That of carboplatin was 25%:10%, indicating 60–70% reversible binding with albumin. The plasma protein binding rate concentrations of cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin after in vivo administration were 96%, 15% and 80%, respectively. The CD spectrometry of albumin was unaffected by cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin binding. Though similar protein binding rates were observed with oxaliplatin and cisplatin, oxaliplatin had a higher mobility rate during PAGE. It was confirmed that the binding of cisplatin and oxaliplatin with albumin affected its electric charge but not the structure. In conclusion, cisplatin and oxaliplatin bind irreversibly with albumin in plasma and may irreversibly interact with tissue protein and/or DNA. The difficulties involved with predicting the tissue concentrations of cisplatin and oxaliplatin from their plasma concentration inhibits their therapeutic drug monitoring. On the contrary, carboplatin, like some generic drugs, reversibly binds to plasma proteins. It is, therefore, possible to conduct therapeutic drug monitoring for carboplatin.
Engineering tissue‐specific blood vessels
Authors: Herron Lauren A. , Hansen Corey S. , Abaci Hasan E. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractVascular diversity among organs has recently become widely recognized. Several studies using mouse and human fetal tissues revealed distinct characteristics of organ‐specific vasculature in molecular and functional levels. Thorough understanding of vascular heterogeneities in human adult tissues is significant for developing novel strategies for targeted drug delivery and tissue regeneration. Recent advancements in microfabrication techniques, biomaterials, and differentiation protocols allowed for incorporation of microvasculature into engineered organs. Such vascularized organ models represent physiologically relevant platforms that may offer innovative tools for dissecting the effects of the organ microenvironment on vascular development and expand our present knowledge on organ‐specific human vasculature. In this article, we provide an overview of the current structural and molecular evidence on microvascular diversity, bioengineering methods used to recapitulate the microenvironmental cues, and recent vascularized three‐dimensional organ models from the perspective of tissue‐specific vasculature.
Cu2O Photocathode with Faster Charge Transfer by Fully Reacted Cu Seed Layer to Enhance Performance of Hydrogen Evolution in Solar Water Splitting Applications
Authors: Jung Kichang , Lim Taehoon , Bae Hyojung , Ha Jun‐Seok , Martinez‐Morales Alfredo A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn this work, we study the effect of Cu2O film obtained from a fully reacted Cu seed layer as a photoelectrode in photoelectrochemical cells. The full reaction of the Cu layer shows an enhanced photocurrent density and improved efficiency in hydrogen evolution. The photocurrent density of textured Cu2O (0.58 mA cm−2 at 0 V vs. RHE), without an unreacted Cu layer is two times higher than films containing an unreacted Cu layer (0.29 mA cm−2 at 0 V vs. RHE), under AM 1.5 illumination (100 mW cm−2). The thickness of the unreacted Cu layer influences significantly the charge transfer process at the interface between the Cu2O and electrolyte. The enhanced photoelectrochemical performance of textured Cu2O is attributed to the reduced charge recombination resulting from a longer carrier lifetime in the Cu2O layer. Experimentally we confirmed that the unreacted Cu layer inhibits the photoelectrochemical performance of Cu2O‐based photocathodes. The elimination of the unreacted Cu layer leads to higher photocurrent density.
ANFIS and Deep Learning based missing sensor data prediction in IoT
Authors: Guzel Metehan , Kok Ibrahim , Akay Diyar , Ozdemir Suat 
Published: June 2019

SummaryInternet of Things (IoT) consists of billions of devices that generate big data which is characterized by the large volume, velocity, and heterogeneity. In the heterogeneous IoT ecosystem, it is not so surprising that these sensor‐generated data are considered to be noisy, uncertain, erroneous, and missing due to the lack of battery power, communication errors, and malfunctioning devices. This paper presents Deep Learning (DL) and Adaptive‐Network based Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) based prediction models for missing sensor data problem in IoT ecosystem. First, we build ANFIS based models and optimize their parameters. Then, we construct DL based models by using Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) network structure and optimize its parameters by applying the grid search method. Finally, we evaluate all the proposed models with Intel Berkeley Lab dataset. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed models can significantly improve the prediction accuracy and may be promising for missing sensor data prediction.
A context‐aware framework for modelling and verification of smart parking systems in urban cities
Authors: Mahfooz Ul Haque Hafiz , Zulfiqar Haidar , Ahmed Abrar , Ali Yasir 
Published: June 2019

AbstractParking spaces have been considered as vital resources in urban areas. Finding parking spaces in jam‐packed areas is often challenging, stressful, and uncertain for the drivers that causes traffic congestion with a consequent of wastage of time, fuel, and increase of pollution. In recent years, context‐aware computing paradigm has been considered to be the most effective approach to address these kinds of issues. Context‐aware systems acquire and understand contextual information according to the current situation, perform reasoning, and then act intelligently on behalf of the user. These applications often run on tiny resource‐bounded smart devices with the incorporation of embedded or attached sensors on these devices and they often exhibit complex and adaptive behaviour. In this paper, we propose a context‐aware parking application framework to assist drivers in finding parking slots dynamically while moving and/or arriving at the destination. We optimize the context‐aware parking framework with bounds on computational resources for the decision support dynamically in a highly decentralized environment. To illustrate the use of the proposed system, we model the context‐aware parking system using Uppaal model checker for formal analysis and verify the correctness properties of the system.
A heuristic approach on metadata recommendation for search engine optimization
Authors: An Sojung , Jung Jason J. 
Published: June 2019

SummaryThis study aims to recommend metadata for building a high ranking in Search Engine Result Page (SERP) by considering Search Engine Optimizations (SEO). For online marketing, it is important to place their websites on the top rank in a result of search engines. However, on‐page techniques of traditional SEO do not have logical foundation to select metadata. Metadata is an important element to prioritize of websites when search engine indexing for user queries. Thereby, for online marketing, this study proposes a method for recommending metadata, which consists of two steps: i) combining keywords and metadata from high‐ranked websites, and ii) evaluating the importance of terms based on semantic relevance. First, terms are selected with influential keywords and metadata by using their frequency and weight. Second, prioritize the terms according to semantic relevance based on a competitive learning model. We evaluated the validity of the proposed method by using three queries in Google. Experimental results demonstrate that it increases traffic of a website, by using terms, which are high‐ranked websites and semantic relevance.
Genomewide Association Study of Statin‐Induced Myopathy in Patients Recruited Using the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink
Authors: Carr Daniel F. , Francis Ben , Jorgensen Andrea L. , Zhang Eunice , Chinoy Hector , Heckbert Susan R. , Bis Joshua C. , Brody Jennifer A. , Floyd James S. , Psaty Bruce M. , Molokhia Mariam , Lapeyre‐Mestre Maryse , Conforti Anita , Alfirevic Ana , van Staa Tjeerd , Pirmohamed Munir 
Published: June 2019

Statins can be associated with myopathy. We have undertaken a genomewide association study (GWAS) to discover and validate genetic risk factors for statin‐induced myopathy in a “real‐world” setting. One hundred thirty‐five patients with statin myopathy recruited via the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink were genotyped using the Illumina OmniExpress Exome version 1.0 Bead Chip and compared with the Wellcome Trust Case‐Control Consortium (n = 2,501). Nominally statistically significant single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) signals in the GWAS (P < 5 × 10−5) were further evaluated in several independent cohorts (comprising 332 cases and 449 drug‐tolerant controls). Only one (rs4149056/c.521C>T in the SLCO1B1 gene) SNP was genomewide significant in the severe myopathy (creatine kinase > 10 × upper limit of normal or rhabdomyolysis) group (P = 2.55 × 10−9; odds ratio 5.15; 95% confidence interval 3.13–8.45). The association with SLCO1B1 was present for several statins and replicated in the independent validation cohorts. The data highlight the role of SLCO1B1 c.521C>T SNP as a replicable genetic risk factor for statin myopathy. No other novel genetic risk factors with a similar effect size were identified.
Continuous Hydrogenation of Ethyl Levulinate to 1,4‐Pentanediol over 2.8Cu‐3.5Fe/SBA‐15 Catalyst at Low Loading: The Effect of Fe Doping
Authors: Deng Tianyu , Yan Long , Li Xinglong , Fu Yao 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBimetallic Cu–Fe catalysts with low loading were prepared for hydrogenation of ethyl levulinate (EL) to 1,4‐pentanediol (1,4‐PDO). Among them, 2.8Cu‐3.5Fe/SBA‐15 (Cu/Fe molar ratio of 1:1.5) performed best, capable of converting EL to the key intermediate γ‐valerolactone (GVL) at 140 °C with 97 % yield. It can also be used to hydrogenate GVL to 1,4‐PDO with 92.6 % selectivity or convert EL to 1,4‐PDO in one pot. The high activity of the catalyst at such a low loading was attributed to the highly dispersed metal species and the Fe doping effect. Various characterization methods indicated that Fe acted as both structural and electronic modifier to promote the chemical properties of the Cu species. Besides, the incorporation of Fe provided abundant Lewis acid sites and accelerated the reaction process. CuFeO2 was detected by energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and XRD. On the basis of a combination of characterization and reaction kinetics, synergistic catalysis by Cu0 and CuFeO2 is considered to be responsible for the excellent performance of the Cu–Fe catalysts.
Embryonic development of a parthenogenetic vertebrate, the mourning gecko (Lepidodactylus lugubris)
Authors: Griffing Aaron H. , Sanger Thomas J. , Daza Juan D. , Nielsen Stuart V. , Pinto Brendan J. , Stanley Edward L. , Gamble Tony 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundOne goal of evolutionary developmental biology is to understand the role of development in the origin of phenotypic novelty and convergent evolution. Geckos are an ideal system to study this topic, as they are species‐rich and exhibit a suite of diverse morphologies—many of which have independently evolved multiple times within geckos.ResultsWe characterized and discretized the embryonic development of Lepidodactylus lugubris—an all‐female, parthenogenetic gecko species. We also used soft‐tissue μCT to characterize the development of the brain and central nervous system, which is difficult to visualize using traditional microscopy techniques. Additionally, we sequenced and assembled a de novo transcriptome for a late‐stage embryo as a resource for generating future developmental tools. Herein, we describe the derived and conserved patterns of L. lugubris development in the context of squamate evolution and development.ConclusionsThis embryonic staging series, μCT data, and transcriptome together serve as critical enabling resources to study morphological evolution and development, the evolution and development of parthenogenesis, and other questions concerning vertebrate evolution and development in an emerging gecko model.