bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mode-locked thulium-holmium doped fiber laser using Bi2Se3 saturable absorber deposited onto arc-shaped and side-polished fibers via airbrush spraying technique
Authors: Ahmad H , Rusni N A M , Samion M Z , Yusoff N , Zaini M K A , Thambiratnam K , Ismail M F 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this paper, the mode-locking performance using bismuth selenide (Bi2Se3) as a saturable absorber in a thulium-holmium-doped fiber laser (THDFL) was demonstrated for the first time. The saturable absorber (SA) was coated using an airbrush spraying technique onto two different hosts, arc-shaped and side-polished fibers. The airbrush was used to provide an even and uniform coating onto these two hosts. The generated mode-locked pulses of the arc-shaped fiber have a center wavelength of 1913.5 nm and a 3-dB bandwidth of 3.11 nm. The optical output has a repetition frequency of 13.9 MHz and an optical pulse width of 1.33 ps. In the case of the side-polished fiber, it has a center wavelength of 1918.55 nm and a 3-dB bandwidth of 2.60 nm. The output pulse has a repetition frequency of 12.16 MHz and an optical pulse width of 1.43 ps. This demonstration indicates that the arc-shaped fiber host has a better performance in terms of shorter pulse width, which is essential for a 2 μm laser in tissue ablation procedures for medical applications.
Fast motion-compensated reconstruction for 4D-CBCT using deep learning-based groupwise registration
Authors: Zhang Zhehao , Hao Yao , Jin Xiyao , Yang Deshan , Kamilov Ulugbek S , Hugo Geoffrey D 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective. Previous work has that deep learning (DL)-enhanced 4D cone beam computed tomography (4D-CBCT) images improve motion modeling and subsequent motion-compensated (MoCo) reconstruction for 4D-CBCT. However, building the motion model at treatment time via conventional deformable image registration (DIR) methods is not temporally feasible. This work aims to improve the efficiency of 4D-CBCT MoCo reconstruction using DL-based registration for the rapid generation of a motion model prior to treatment. Approach. An artifact-reduction DL model was first used to improve the initial 4D-CBCT reconstruction by reducing streaking artifacts. Based on the artifact-reduced phase images, a groupwise DIR employing DL was used to estimate the inter-phase motion model. Two DL DIR models using different learning strategies were employed: (1) a patient-specific one-shot DIR model which was trained from scratch only using the images to be registered, and (2) a population DIR model which was pre-trained using collected 4D-CT images from 35 patients. The registration accuracy of two DL DIR models was assessed and compared to a conventional groupwise DIR approach implemented in the Elastix toolbox using the publicly available DIR-Lab dataset, a Monte Carlo simulation dataset from the SPARE challenge, and two clinical cases. Main results. The patient-specific DIR model and the population DIR model demonstrated registration accuracy comparable to the conventional state-of-the-art methods on the DIR-Lab dataset. No significant difference in image quality was observed between the final MoCo reconstructions using the patient-specific model and population model for motion modeling, compared to using the conventional approach. The average runtime (hh:mm:ss) of the entire MoCo reconstruction on SPARE dataset was reduced from 01:37:26 using conventional DIR method to 00:10:59 using patient-specific model and 00:01:05 using the pre-trained population model. Significance. DL-based registration methods can improve the efficiency in generating motion models for 4D-CBCT without compromising the performance of final MoCo reconstruction.
Becoming Divine
Authors: Insole Christopher J 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The chapter sets out the parallel work done by the concept of the divine in the work of Kant, and in the work of a self-declared Kantian (of sorts), the psychologist Carl Gustav Jung. The discussion also draws on David Burrell and Jonathan Lear. The account begins by distinguishing between two sorts of ‘Kantian’ thought: the metaphysical and the grammatical. ‘Autonomy’, for the metaphysical Kant, expresses a type of religious hope: it involves a self-transcending participation in reason as such, which is identical, fundamentally, in a way that never appears to us, to freedom, and to happiness. For the ‘grammatical’ Kant, ‘autonomy’ involves perceiving certain analytical relationships between the concepts of reason, freedom, individuality and the universal and communal. By reflecting on what the relationship might be between these, the chapter considers the mutually illuminating role of the concept of God in the work of Kant and Jung.
Epilogue
Authors: Insole Christopher J 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
I accept that atheists and a certain type of traditional theologian might both, for different reasons, dismiss the significance of the references to the divine discussed across the chapters of the book Negative Natural Theology. Nonetheless, I offer an interpretation of these uses of the category of the divine, which is neither reductive nor dismissive. Accordingly, the epilogue offers a thought experiment: what might we expect if we combine a huge God—simple and triune, omnipotent, omniscient, all loving, and the creator of everything ex nihilo—with our finite and limited capacities to know and apprehend such a God? We might expect to receive the vastness of such a living God in fragments, shards, half-lights, both unveiling, and distorting. Alluding to William James, the suggestion is made that if God is all loving, we might hope that God can make God known to us in ways that are appropriate to our capacities, gifts, and limitations. That we hit a limit to what reason and investigation can do in this area is not an accident. We have two types of reason for expecting to fail: one more a priori and theological, the other more a posteriori and inductive. I accept that any reader is free to accept or reject this construal of the material. Such freedom and humility of belief have been core strands running through the book.
Discoveries by the genome profiling, symbolic powers of non-next generation sequencing methods
Authors: Nishigaki Koichi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Next-generation sequencing and other sequencing approaches have made significant progress in DNA analysis. However, there are indispensable advantages in the nonsequencing methods. They have their justifications such as being speedy, cost-effective, multi-applicable, and straightforward. Among the nonsequencing methods, the genome profiling method is worthy of reviewing because of its high potential. This article first reviews its basic properties, highlights the key concept of species identification dots (spiddos), and then summarizes its various applications.
A case of small intestinal fixation failure
Authors: Oyanagi Kanako , Horii Yosuke , Ishikawa Hiroyuki , Takizawa Kazuyasu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A 77-year-old woman underwent CT to evaluate haematemesis. The images showed that the third part of the duodenum flexed steeply on the right side of the aorta and ran caudally, without crossing anterior to the aorta. The duodenal-jejunal junction and jejunum were located on the patient’s right side. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a laceration at the gastric cardia, and a diagnosis of Mallory–Weiss syndrome was made. Repeat CT 7 days later revealed that the abnormal positioning of the intestinal tract had resolved spontaneously. Two months later, the patient experienced another episode of haematemesis, and CT revealed repeat deviation of the duodenal-jejunal junction and jejunum to her right side. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed another laceration at the gastric cardia, as in the previous study. On the basis of the initial CT findings showing the duodenal-jejunal junction in the right hemi-abdomen, intestinal malrotation was suspected. However, because the jejunum deviated repeatedly to the right side but resolved spontaneously, we diagnosed dysplasia of the ligament of Treitz. Laparotomy revealed a formed ligament of Treitz; however, fixation in the upper jejunum was incomplete. Additionally, CT revealed that the anterior pararenal space was loosely fixed and mobile. These factors may have caused the right-sided deviation of the small intestine. In this case, the third part of the duodenum likely flexed on the right side of the aorta, causing an obstruction that resulted in repeat vomiting episodes and Mallory–Weiss syndrome.
Enhanced Parkin-mediated mitophagy mitigates adverse left ventricular remodelling after myocardial infarction: role of PR-364
Authors: Ai Lizhuo , de Freitas Germano Juliana , Huang Chengqun , Aniag Marianne , Sawaged Savannah , Sin Jon , Thakur Reetu , Rai Deepika , Rainville Christopher , Sterner David E , Song Yang , Piplani Honit , Kumar Suresh , Butt Tauseef R , Mentzer Robert M , Stotland Aleksandr , Gottlieb Roberta A , Van Eyk Jennifer E 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Almost 30% of survivors of myocardial infarction (MI) develop heart failure (HF), in part due to damage caused by the accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria. Organelle quality control through Parkin-mediated mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy) is known to play a role in mediating protection against HF damage post-ischaemic injury and remodelling of the subsequent deteriorated myocardium.

Methods
This study has shown that a single i.p. dose (2 h post-MI) of the selective small molecule Parkin activator PR-364 reduced mortality, preserved cardiac ejection fraction, and mitigated the progression of HF. To reveal the mechanism of PR-364, a multi-omic strategy was deployed in combination with classical functional assays using in vivo MI and in vitro cardiomyocyte models.

Results
In vitro cell data indicated that Parkin activation by PR-364 increased mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis, enhanced adenosine triphosphate production via improved citric acid cycle, altered accumulation of calcium localization to the mitochondria, and initiated translational reprogramming with increased expression of mitochondrial translational proteins. In mice, PR-364 administered post-MI resulted in widespread proteome changes, indicating an up-regulation of mitochondrial metabolism and mitochondrial translation in the surviving myocardium.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates the therapeutic potential of targeting Parkin-mediated mitophagy using PR-364 to protect surviving cardiac tissue post-MI from progression to HF.
Glycoconjugate vaccines: platforms and adjuvants for directed immunity
Authors: Lensch Valerie , Johnson Jeremiah A , Kiessling Laura L 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Central to immune recognition is the glycocalyx, a glycan-rich coat on all cells that plays a crucial role in interactions that enable pathogen detection and activation of immune defenses. Pathogens and cancerous cells often display distinct glycans on their surfaces, making these saccharide antigens prime targets for vaccine development. However, carbohydrates alone generally serve as poor immunogens due to their often weak binding affinities, inability to effectively recruit T cell help, and reliance on adjuvants to iboost immune activation. The introduction of glycoconjugate vaccines, initially involving the covalent coupling of carbohydrate antigens to carrier proteins, marked a pivotal advancement by facilitating neutralizing antibody production against carbohydrate targets. Despite successes in generating glycoconjugate vaccines against certain bacterial diseases, challenges persist in creating effective vaccines against numerous intracellular pathogens and non-communicable diseases such as cancer. In this review, we highlight new developments in conjugate vaccine platforms aim to overcome these limitations by optimizing the display of glycan and T cell epitopes as well as incorporating defined carbohydrate adjuvants to direct tailored immune responses. These advancements promise to improve the effectiveness of carbohydrate-based vaccines and broaden their coverage against a wide range of diseases.
Case-Control Study of Cervicovaginal β/γ–Human Papillomavirus Infection in Women With Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Its Relation to Incident Cervical Precancer
Authors: Strickler Howard D , Usyk Mykhaylo , Eltoum Isam-Eldin , Bachman Natalie , Hessol Nancy A , Flowers Lisa , Rahangdale Lisa , Atrio Jessica M , Ramirez Catalina , Minkoff Howard , Adimora Adaora A , Ofotokun Igho , Keller Marla J , Fischl Margaret , Shrestha Sadeep , Wright Rodney , D’Souza Gypsyamber , Sanchez-Keeland Lorraine , Xie Xianhong , Xue Xiaonan , Anastos Kathryn , Massad L Stewart , Palefsky Joel M , Burk Robert D 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We studied cervicovaginal β/γ–human papillomavirus (HPV) and their relationship to cervical precancer in women with human immunodeficiency virus; having previously reported strong positive associations of β/γ-HPV with incident head and neck cancer in the general population. Case patients (n = 124) had cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 3 or 2. Controls (n = 247) were individually matched 2:1 to case patients. Unexpectedly, multivariate analyses found strong inverse associations between β/γ-HPV and CIN-2/3 (odds ratio, 0.19 [95% confidence interval, .04–.86]; P = .03; Ptrend &lt; .01]). This is, to our knowledge, the first study of β/γ-HPV and cervical precancer. If confirmed, a strong inverse (protective) association would be of potential clinical and biologic relevance.
Asymptomatic and Mildly Symptomatic Influenza Virus Infections by Season: Case-Ascertained Household Transmission Studies, United States, 2017–2023
Authors: Biddle Jessica E , Nguyen Huong Q , Talbot H Keipp , Rolfes Melissa A , Biggerstaff Matthew , Johnson Sheroi , Reed Carrie , Belongia Edward A , Grijalva Carlos G , Mellis Alexandra M 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Asymptomatic influenza virus infection occurs but may vary by factors such as age, vaccination status, or season. We examined the frequency of influenza virus infection and symptoms using data from 2 case-ascertained household transmission studies (2017–2023) with prospective, systematic collection of respiratory specimens and symptoms. From the 426 influenza virus infected household contacts that met our inclusion criteria, 8% were asymptomatic, 6% had nonrespiratory symptoms, 23% had acute respiratory symptoms, and 62% had influenza-like illness symptoms. Understanding the prevalence of asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic influenza cases is important for implementing effective influenza prevention strategies and enhancing symptom-based surveillance systems.
Effective Real-time Transmission Estimations Incorporating Population Viral Load Distributions Amid SARS-CoV-2 Variants and Preexisting Immunity
Authors: Meng Yu , Lin Yun , Xiong Weijia , Lau Eric H Y , Ho Faith , Wong Jessica Y , Wu Peng , Tsang Tim K , Cowling Benjamin J , Yang Bingyi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Population-level cycle threshold (Ct) distribution allows for Rt estimation for SARS-CoV-2 ancestral strain, however, its generalizability under different circulating variants and preexisting immunity remains unclear.

Methods
We obtained the first Ct record of local COVID-19 cases from July 2020 to January 2023 in Hong Kong. The log-linear regression model, fitting on daily Ct mean and skewness to Rt estimated by case count, was trained with data from ancestral-dominated wave (minimal population immunity), and we predicted the Rt for Omicron waves (&gt;70% vaccine coverage). Cross-validation was performed by training on other waves. Stratification analysis was conducted to retrospectively evaluate the impact of the changing severity profiles.

Results
Model trained with the ancestral-dominated wave accurately estimated whether Rt was &gt;1, with areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.98 (95% CI, 0.96–1.00), 0.62 (95% CI, 0.53–0.70), and 0.80 (95% CI, 0.73–0.88) for Omicron-dominated waves, respectively. Models trained on other waves also had discriminative performance. Stratification analysis suggested the potential impact of case severity on model estimation, which coincided with sampling delay.

Conclusions
Incorporating population viral shedding can provide timely and accurate transmission estimation with evolving variants and population immunity, though model application should consider sampling delay.
Reconstruction of penile skin defect using negative pressure therapy, spiraling full-thickness skin grafts, and nanofat grafting: a case report
Authors: Buitrago Diana Marcela Cadena , Díaz Manuel Felipe Aljure , López Ana María Camargo , Ardila Juan Sebastián Afanador , Acosta Jorge Luis Corcho 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The penis is a structure that requires both anatomical and functional reconstruction. Being a three-dimensional structure that changes in volume, it presents a reconstructive challenge for the plastic surgeon. Currently, various alternatives are available for covering these complex defects, such as grafts, flaps, and dermal matrices. The objective of this study is to present a case report describing a complex post-traumatic penile defect in which three combined strategies were implemented for the first time (spiral full-thickness grafts, nanolipoinjection, and negative pressure therapy). These strategies have been described in the literature for defect coverage, achieving satisfactory anatomical and functional results.
Giant cardiac schwannoma around the left atrium: a case report
Authors: Ushioda Ryohei , Sakboon Boonsap , Yoongtong Dit , Cheewinmethasiri Jaroen , Kamiya Hiroyuki , Arayawudhikul Nuttapon 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A 57-year-old male presented with dyspnea and an enlarged cardiac silhouette on a chest X-ray. Further evaluation with contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed a giant heterogeneous mediastinal mass, ~8.9 × 7.3 × 12.2 cm, with peripheral calcifications. Surgical resection was performed via a left thoracotomy approach using the left fifth intercostal space. Cardiopulmonary bypass was established through the femoral vessels for safer and more controlled resection. The tumor, contiguous with the left atrium, was successfully excised using two Endo GIA staplers. Pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of schwannoma. This case demonstrates that the left thoracotomy approach with cardiopulmonary bypass and the use of Endo GIA staplers is a feasible and effective option for resecting large, well-defined cardiac schwannomas.
Injuries Associated With Mandated Wear of Body Armor in Iraq
Authors: Kuckelman John , Mitchell Christopher , Garcia Fernando , Breazeale Travis , Wallace Roxanne , Radowsky Jason 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Protective ballistic body armor (BA) may be needed during certain threat postures while deployed. This requirement often adds between 35 and 45lbs of extra weight carried by the service member (SM) for multiple hours during the day. The physical toll of that extra weight and the effect it may have on deployed medical resources has not been clearly characterized in the literature. We sought to evaluate the association of a protective BA wear requirement with musculoskeletal (MSK) complaints and to better characterize how these effects are manifested within the deployed military health care system.

Material and Methods
All encounters at a Role III Field Hospital were evaluated and queried for MSK injury. Data collected included the SM type, age, gender, MSK anatomy of concern, type of evaluating provider, disposition, and medications rendered. Injuries and outcomes were then compared between two groups; SMs who were seen for MSK complaints while BA was required (October 2023 to March 2024) and those during a period when BA was not required (No-BA = October 2022 to March 2023).

Results
A total of 2,805 encounters were evaluated. Non-SM visits were excluded (455) leaving 2,350 left for evaluation. In all, 969 (41.2%) were identified as encounters for MSK injury. No-BA had significantly fewer visits of MSK injury at 429 (38%) compared to the BA group at 540 (44%, P = .001). Active duty (AD) and National Guard (NG) SMs made up a larger portion of MSK visits in the BA group at 54% and 41%, respectively, compared to 35% Reserve (AR) and 36% NG in the No-BA group (P &lt; .001). Service member were 12 times more likely to require a physical therapy treatment in the BA group (60%) vs. the No-BA (5%, P &lt; .001). Prescriptions of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication were more common in the BA group at 11% of all visits compared to 4% in the No-BA group (P &lt; .001). This was also true for muscle relaxers at 1% vs. 3% (P = .008). Shoulder and back injuries represented the largest proportion of MSK areas of concern at 22% and 24%, respectively, with only neck injuries being higher in the BA group at 8.5% vs. 5% (P = .03).

Conclusions
Required wear of BA was associated with an increase in MSK visits across all types of US SMs. Shoulder and back injuries were the most common with a significant increase in visits to physical therapy in the BA group. Anti-inflammatory and muscle-relaxing medications were prescribed more frequently in the BA group. A dedicated prospective study would help better elucidate the causality of these associations. Risk-benefit analysis of threat posture, with the knowledge of these health care associations, deserves serious consideration.
X–ray absorption lines in FUV–detected quasars: I. Sample and analysis of the XMM–Newton and Chandra data
Authors: Spence David , Bonamente Massimiliano , Ahoranta Jussi , Wijers Nastasha , Tuominen Toni , de Plaa Jelle 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper presents initial results of a systematic search for resonance X–ray absorption lines from H–like O VIII and He–like O VII caused by the intervening warm–hot intergalactic medium (WHIM). The search is based on far ultra–violet redshift priors from O VI and H I broad Lyman-α lines that were previously detected by HST and FUSE in a sample of 51 sources with either XMM-Newton or Chandra data, for a total X–ray redshift path of Δz = 10.9. Of the 1,224 absorption–line systems with FUV priors that were analyzed, 33 systems feature an absorption–line feature detected with ≥99 % confidence at the same redshift of the FUV prior, some coincident with previously reported absorption line detections. The ultimate goal of this search is to test the hypothesis that X–ray absorbing WHIM gas is the repository of the missing baryons in the local universe. Further results and the cosmological implications of this analysis are presented in a companion paper.