bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Kinematic Calibration Method of the Articulated Arm Coordinate Measuring Machine Using Niching Chaos Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Rim Cholmin , Rim Chang-Hyon , Chen Gang , Sin Yongchol , Kim Kukchol 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Articulated arm coordinate measuring machine (AACMM) is a kind of portable coordinate measuring equipment, which employs a series of rotating joints. In order to improve the measuring accuracy and repeatability of AACMM, it is essential to calibrate the kinematic parameters of AACMM. The calibration process is a kind of nonlinear optimization problem and can be solved by employing various optimization algorithms most including Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm (LMA) and trust region algorithm. Recently, evolutionary computation (EC) has been extensively studied and applied to many engineering problems, since they have some positive features such as easy implementation, broad applicability and robust mechanism of escaping from the local optimum. Chaos optimization algorithm (COA) is one of the evolutionary computation, which utilizes chaotic numerical sequences. In this article, a new kinematic calibration approach for AACMM is proposed by using niching chaos optimization algorithm (NCOA). A hybrid objective function for kinematic calibration is proposed that reflects the various performance tests including single-point articulation performance test, effective diameter performance test and volumetric performance test. Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm and niching chaos optimization algorithm are applied for calibrating the kinematic parameters. Niching chaos optimization algorithm shows competitive calibration performance to Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm. The experimental results demonstrate that the measurement accuracy calibrated using NCOA has been better than that of using LMA in terms of the root-mean-square deviation. The experimental results demonstrate that the measurement accuracy calibrated using NCOA has been better than that of using LMA in terms of the root-mean-square deviation.
Ten myths and twenty years: What we know and what we still do not know about work addiction
Authors: Kun Bernadette 
Published: December 2018

This commentary addresses a recent article by Griffiths et al. (2018) about myths in work addiction. In response to the narrative review, I reflect on all the myths that the authors highlighted and the argument on how they tried to counter them. In comparison to an earlier overview by Robinson (1998), it is clear which myths about work addiction are persistent and represent the most important issues about this problem. Most of the myths were countered by the authors, but some of them need more evidence to be unequivocally defeated. The commentary focuses on the most important future research directions based on the myths discussed in this paper.
Mâverdî’nin İctihâd Anlayışı
Authors: EŞİT Davut 
Published: December 2018

İctihâd meseleleri İslâm Hukuku’nun önemli konuları arasında yer almaktadır. Naṣṣı yorumlama anlamındaki beyânî ictihâd’ı ve naṣṣla belirlenmemiş yeni bir hâdisenin hükmüne ulaşma anlamındaki kıyâsî ictihâd göz önüne alındığında, müçtehidin ictihâd faaliyetinde etkin bir şekilde yer aldığını söylemek mümkündür. Bundan dolayı ictihâd meseleleri erken dönemden itibaren fıkıh usûlü ilminde tartışılmıştır. Şâfi‘î’nin, günümüze ulaşan eserlerinde ictihâd meselelerine yer vermesi, erken dönemde ictihâd tartışmalarına ilişkin zengin bir birikimin oluştuğunu göstermektedir. Şâfi‘î’den sonra da ictihâd meseleleri usûlcüler tarafından tartışılagelmiştir. Günümüze ulaşan Şâfi‘î fıkıh usûlü eserleri arasında ictihâd meselelerini derli-toplu, sistematik ve ayrıntılı olarak ele alan ilk eser, Mâverdî’nin el-Ḥâvi’l-Kebîr adlı eseridir. Mâverdî bu eserinde, ictihâd’ın tanımı, çeşitleri, Kıyâsla ilişkisi, müçtehidin nitelikleri ve ictihâd’ta iṣâbet ve ḫaṭâ’ meselesi, ictihâd’ın hükmü başta olmak üzere birçok usûlî meseleyi tartışmaktadır. Bu açıdan bakıldığında Mâverdî’nin el-Ḥâvi’l-Kebîr’deki ictihâd tartışmalarını tespit etmek, aynı zamanda klasik dönemdeki ictihâd tartışmalarının çerçevesini ve seyrini belirmede yardımcı olacağı muhakkaktır.
Developments in Religious Education During the Transition Period to Pluralist Democracy in Turkey
Authors: ÇALAL Ayşe 
Published: December 2018

By the republic era, it could be said that the most important reform, we may call “milestone in the field of education”, is the law of Tawhēd - Tadrīsāt, enacted in March three 1924 to remove the maktab - madrasahpredicament from the system of education. After the date it was enacted, fourth article of the mentioned law which urges the officials to educate religious scholars in a divinity faculty and to separate schools for educating Imams has been a starting point for the discussions that were to be argued over the religious education. Although there was no such a direct enforcement within the text of the law regarding to the shutting down of the madrasahschools (schools which were once the touch stone of the Ottoman education system), they were still shut down and later a divinity faculty was established along with the religious vocational schools in different cities of Turkey. After this date, many regulations came into existence in regard to the religious education and religion classes. However, the institutions of religious education established according to the regulations done until 1939 were shut down and the religion classes in the syllabus were gradually cancelled. For the state abandoned the religious education of its formal education system, a need emerged by time for religious education but the absence of it raised the tension of the societyagainst the state. By the end of Second World War and the transition process to the pluralist democracy in Turkey provided the environment to the people to enunciate their desire for the state to take over the religious education and organize it under the formal education. In the light of this situation, many regulations were done from 1946 to 1960. Within the frame of this article, the period of time witnessed massive amount of development in religious education is chronologically probed and summarized via descriptive method.
La Corte Constitucional, los niveles de escrutinio y las categorías sospechosas
Authors: Ortiz Jose David 
Published: December 2018

<p><span lang="ES-EC">El presente artículo contiene un comentario a la jurisprudencia desarrollada por la Corte Constitucional del Ecuador sobre el derecho a la igualdad. En vista de que la Corte Constitucional se refiere a los estándares desarrollados por la jurisprudencia de la Corte Suprema de los Estados Unidos para analizar si un trato diferenciado es discriminatorio o no, analizaré brevemente el tratamiento del derecho a la igualdad en la jurisprudencia estadounidense y los factores necesarios para considerar a un criterio de diferenciación como una “categoría sospechosa”. Finalmente, el artículo demostrará que la jurisprudencia desarrollada por la Corte Constitucional sobre “categorías sospechosas” y el “sistema de escrutinios” debe ser rectificada, toda vez que ocasionará problemas a los jueces que deban aplicarla en la resolución de casos concretos.<span> </span></span></p>
A PROPOSTA CURRICULAR DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO: A PERSPECTIVA DE PROFESSORES DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA
Authors: Salomão Raphael Felix , Alves Fernando Donizete 
Published: December 2018

O objetivo do estudo foi compreender como professores de Educação Física da rede estadual de ensino da cidade de São Carlos se apropriam da Proposta Pedagógica Curricular de Ensino do Estado de São Paulo (PPC) na sua prática pedagógica, com a perspectiva de apreender as dificuldades e as possibilidades para sua real efetivação. Participaram do estudo 5 professoras de Educação Física que atuam no ensino básico da cidade de São Carlos/SP. O instrumento de coleta de dados foi entrevista aberta e a análise foi realizada com base no método da analise temático-categorial. Os professores participantes disseram que a PPC é um documento importante na medida em que indica um caminho a seguir em suas aulas. Porém não se sentem aptos a utilizar essa proposta como um todo, pela falta de material, pelo material de péssima qualidade disponíveis nas escolas, espaço físico não adequado, insegurança em relação a determinados conteúdos com os quais não possuem familiaridade, pela organização temporal dos conteúdos em bimestres e a dificuldade em abordar outros conteúdos não constantes da proposta. De modo geral, os professores consideram a PPC-Educação Física como um documento positivo para a área da Educação Física escolar mais que ainda carece de maior discussão sobre sua implantação.
Palavras-chave: Educação Física. Proposta Pedagógica Curricular. Escola.
O MODELO DE COMPETÊNCIA COMO FUNDAMENTO DOS CURRÍCULOS DOS CURSOS DE GRADUAÇÃO NO BRASIL
Authors: Aragão José Euzébio de Oliveira Souza , Guedes Maria Denise , Muranaka Maria Aparecida Segatto 
Published: December 2018

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar os resultados das pesquisas sobre a reforma curricular da educação superior no Brasil, a partir da década de 1990, especificamente a do curso de Licenciatura em Pedagogia. Por meio das pesquisas documental e bibliográfica, verificou-se que o Ministério da Educação, ao promulgar as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCN) para os Cursos de Graduação, defende a ideia que estas assegurarão às instituições de ensino superior ampla liberdade na composição da carga horária, na especificação das unidades de estudos, indicando campos de estudo, estimulando práticas de estudos independentes e encorajando o reconhecimento de conhecimentos, habilidades e competências adquiridas fora do ambiente escolar. Tais habilidades e competências se constituem nos chamados saberes tácitos, adquiridos pelo indivíduo a partir da sua experiência no trabalho e em outras esferas da vida social. Assim, as DCN instituem um modelo de formação com eixo no “Currículo por Competências” ou “Pedagogia das Competências” cujo objetivo é atender às demandas do capital diante de um novo paradigma de reestruturação produtiva baseado no padrão flexível de produção.
Palavras-chaves: Modelo de Competência. Diretrizes Curriculares. Formação do Pedagogo. Competência em Educação.
TRABALHO COLABORATIVO ENTRE LICENCIANDOS E PROFESSORES: INCENTIVO ÀS PRÁTICAS “AUTORAIS” CONSIDERANDO O CURRÍCULO PAULISTA
Authors: Massabni Vânia Galindo 
Published: December 2018

A literatura educacional se refere a a propostas de formas de ensino e pesquisa colaborativas que apoiem uma formação, inicial e continuada, pautada na reflexão, capaz de sustentar a elaboração da própria prática pelos professores. Por outro lado, formar professores requer refletir sobre políticas educacionais cada vez mais amparadas por mudanças curriculares planejadas por especialistas, que relegam o professor a executor dessas propostas. Com essas preocupações, este artigo tem como objetivo analisar o trabalho colaborativo entre professoras e licenciandos quanto à reflexão sobre o currículo paulista, proposto à rede estadual de ensino em 2008, e a elaboração da prática pedagógica nesse contexto. Formou-se um grupo de estudo com professoras de uma escola para análise do material didático do currículo e suporte aos licenciandos em seus estágios. O grupo tornou-se um elo para trocas de experiências incentivadas pelas reflexões teoricamente fundamentadas sobre o material. A colaboração viabilizou, ainda, trabalhos interdisciplinares “autorais”, pois elaborados pelos envolvidos, ainda que orientados pelo currículo. Esta colaboração foi primordial ao aprimoramento dos licenciandos e professoras, com vistas não só a prática cotidiana, mas à reflexão sobre o componente político da docência.
Palavras-chave: Formação de Professores. Currículo. Trabalho Colaborativo.
La protección de los derechos humanos en la justicia penal internacional: el caso particular del Tribunal Penal Internacional para la ex-Yugoslavia en relación con el derecho consuetudinario y el principio de legalidad = The protection of human rights in international Criminal Justice: the particular case of the international criminal tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia in relation to customary law and the principle of legality
Authors: Díaz Galán Elena C. , Bertot Triana Harold 
Published: December 2018

RESUMEN: La labor del Tribunal Penal Internacional para la Ex-Yugoslavia tuvo un momento importante en la compresión del principio de legalidad, como principio básico en la garantía de los derechos humanos, al enfrentar no sólo el derecho consuetudinario como fuente de derecho sino también diferentes modos o enfoques en la identificación de este derecho consuetudinario. Esta relación debe ser analizada a la luz de las limitaciones que tiene el derecho internacional y, sobre todo, de los procedimientos de creación de normas. No resulta fácil exigir responsabilidad en el cumplimiento del derecho internacional humanitario y de los derechos humanos. La práctica de este Tribunal abre una vía para la reflexión con la finalidad de asegurar el respeto de los derechos humanos en cualquier circunstancia, incluso de aquellos que llevaron a cabo la comisión de graves crímenes contra la comunidad internacional.ABSTRACT: The work of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia was important for understanding the principle of legality as a key principle on the guarantee of Human Rights. The former was due to the Tribunal’s work on having faced the customary law as a source of law using different perspectives for its identification. The link between customary law, principle of legality and human rights has to be analyzed taking in account the limits of International law and the procedures for creating legal norms. It is not easy to invoke responsibility in the fulfillment of international humanitarian law and international law of human rights. The practice developed by this Tribunal provides an avenue for thinking about ensuring the respect of the human rights in any case including the commission of grave crimes against international community. PALABRAS CLAVE: derecho internacional de los derechos humanos, principio de legalidad, derecho internacional humanitario, costumbre internacionalKEYWORDS: international law of human rights, principle of legality, international humanitarian law, international custom
Pollen Donor Position and Climate Factor Affecting Fruit Production of Nutmeg
Authors: Purwiyanti Susi , Sudarsono NFN , Kusumo Yudiwanti Wahyu Endro , Rostiana Otih 
Published: December 2018

<em>The quality and quantity of nutmeg fruit, seed and mace can be improved through managing fruit and seed production. Fruit development was affected by climate, flower initiation and pollination process. This study aimed to determine the correlation between climate, position, distance of pollen donor to female nutmeg trees, and the ratio of female and male trees to nutmeg yield. The study was conducted at the nutmeg germplasm collection garden at Cicurug (550 m asl), Sukabumi, tested 295 nutmeg trees from 27 locations in Indonesia. Data production of female trees was based on 2005-2017 data. All nutmeg trees were mapped using the GPS Garmin 76c5x. Tree sex was determined by male or female flowers domination in each tree. Correlation of the climate factors and production was analyzed using Pearson Correlation. The distance, position and the proportion of female to male trees were evalated by t-test at 5% level. Ratio of female and male trees to produce high yield was 4 : 1. Rainfall (280-430 mm/month) and temperature (24 - 25<sup>o </sup>C) during the pollination period (8-7 months before harvesting) were <em>positively correlated with production by 57.9 % and 82.3 %. The position and distance of pollen donors to female trees had no effect on production. However, the distance between pollen donors and female trees above 15 m produced an average production equal to 15 m. The number of trees around tree samples had no effect on nutmeg production, but light intensity at 61,425-88,480 lux absorbed by trees could enhance the yield. Nutmeg required sunlight to penetrate plant canopy in order to induce fruit production.</em></em>
Phacovitrectomy without preoperative steroids for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with associated choroidal detachment
Authors: Gui Junmin , Ai Ling , Huang Ting 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Background: To report the anatomical and visual outcomes of combined phacoemulsification and micro-invasive pars plana vitrectomy (phacovitrectomy) without preoperative administration of steroids in the treatment of combined retinal detachments associated choroidal detachment(RRD/CD).
Methods: Medical records of patients who were diagnosed as RRD/CD without past ocular trauma and surgical history were retrieved and analyzed. All the patients were treated with phacovitrectomy plus silicone oil (SO) tamponade without preoperative steroids. Patients were followed up at least 3 months postoperatively. The mean follow-up time were 10.3±10.1 months.
Results: Seventeen patients (17 eyes), 8 women and 9 men, met the including criteria with mean age of 60.4±8.4 years. None of these eyes had intraocular lens implanted and none had combined scleral procedures in the primary surgical intervention. Preoperative B ultrasound showed that choroidal detachment was severe in 10 eyes (58.8%), moderate in 2 eyes (11.8%) and mild in 5 eyes(29.4%). Fifteen eyes(82.4%) had retina reattached after single operation. Of these 15 eyes, 14 eyes had SO removed, 8 of them had intraocular lens implanted, 2 eye had epimacular membrane peeling at the time of SO removing and one eye was refilled with SO. Two patients had retinal redetached within a month after primary surgical repair due to proliferation and would not willing to take re-operation. Fifteen eyes had postoperative visual acuity improved, 10 eyes had postoperative visual acuity equal or great than 0.1(20/200). The mean IOP at final visit was 15.7±4.2 mmHg, ranging from 10 to 28 mmHg.
Conclusions: Phacovitrectomy without preorerative steroids can achieve a satisfied single-operation anatomic and functional outcome. Free of preoperative steroid intervention will not only reduce the time waiting for surgery but also avoid the complications associated with systemic or local administration of steroids.
What is the impact of intravitreal injection of conbercept on neovascular glaucoma patients: a prospective, interventional case series study
Authors: Shi Liukun , Yang Jin , Lin Jinyong 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravitreal conbercept combined with trabeculectomy and panretinal photocoagulation for neovascular glaucoma (NVG).
Methods: Fifty patients (54 eyes) with NVG were included in this prospective study. Fifty-two eyes initially underwent intravitreal conbercept, and then trabeculectomy and panretinal photocoagulation were performed. Preoperative and postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), number of antiglaucoma medications, and surgical complications were recorded. The levels of VEGF-A, TGF-β1 and PLGF in aqueous humour that were collected during surgery were measured by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA). Light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used to observe the surgically excised trabecular tissue; enucleation was performed for 2 eyes, and light microscopy was used as the histopathological control.
Results: At the last follow-up visit, mean IOP was reduced from 48.1±14.2 mmHg to 23.2±8.7 mmHg, and the mean number of antiglaucoma medications used decreased from 3.0 (3.0, 4.0) to 1.0 (0.0, 1.0) (both P < 0.05). After patients underwent intravitreal injection, the concentrations of VEGF-A and TGF-β1 in aqueous humour in NVG patients decreased from 168.8±13.4 pg/ml and 159.6±15.4 pg/ml to 160.2±7.6 pg/ml and 151.9±2.3 pg/ml, respectively (both P < 0.05). Light microscopy revealed neovascularization regression in the iris in specimens with intravitreal conbercept. Electron microscopy revealed endothelial cell degeneration in the conbercept-treated specimens.
Conclusions: Our initial findings suggest that intravitreal conbercept is an effective treatment for managing neovascular glaucoma, with fewer postoperative complications in the short-term.
Trial registration: Current Controlled Trials ChiCTR1800019918, 8 December 2018, Retrospectively registered.
Keywords: Neovascular glaucoma; conbercept; anti-vascular endothelial growth factor; trabeculectomy
Malapposition of Graft-host Interface after Keratoplasty: an Optical Coherence Tomography Study
Authors: Zhao Yujin , Zhuang Hong , Hong Jiaxu , Tian Lijia , Xu Jianjiang 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Background: Previous studies of internal graft-host malappositions have not dealt with the precise ways in which each wound malapposition affected post-keratoplasty visual outcomes. In this study, reviewing our postsurgical keratoconic patients using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) to evaluate the correlation between characteristics of the graft-host interface (GHI) and visual outcomes was aimed.
Methods: Correlations between characteristics of GHI and the postsurgical visual outcomes, including logarithm of minimum angle of resolution best-corrected visual acuity (logMAR BCVA), spherical equivalent diopter (SE), diopter of spherical power (DS), diopter of cylindrical power (DC), and keratometric astigmatism, were evaluated of 45 eyes (patients).
Results: The graft-host touch (GHT) varied with different alignment patterns. LogMAR BCVA correlated positively with GHT (r=0.32, P=0.030) and junctional graft thickness (Tg) (r=0.49, P=0.001). SE had positive correlation with frequency of step [F (step)] (r=0.46, P=0.001), graft step [F (graft step)] (r=0.40, P=0.028), total prevalence of malapposition proportion (Pm) (r=0.35, P=0.018), size of malapposition (Sm) (r=0.31, P=0.037), Tg (r=0.03, P=0.022), disparity between junctional graft and host thickness (|Tg-Th|) (r=0.40, P=0.007), and correlated negatively with GHT (r=-0.34, P=0.021). Similar results were acquired in DS. Keratometric astigmatism was found to correlate positively with Sm (r=0.30, P=0.047).
Conclusion: In keratoconic eyes, corneal keratometric astigmatism increased by 0.017 with Sm. LogMAR BCVA increased by 0.001 with both GHT and Tg. Investigation of the visions for keratoconus patients. Our study might have potential reference value for future technological promotion.