bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiomyocyte damage control in heart failure and the role of the sarcolemma
Authors: Kitmitto Ashraf , Baudoin Florence , Cartwright Elizabeth J. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe cardiomyocyte plasma membrane, termed the sarcolemma, is fundamental for regulating a myriad of cellular processes. For example, the structural integrity of the cardiomyocyte sarcolemma is essential for mediating cardiac contraction by forming microdomains such as the t-tubular network, caveolae and the intercalated disc. Significantly, remodelling of these sarcolemma microdomains is a key feature in the development and progression of heart failure (HF). However, despite extensive characterisation of the associated molecular and ultrastructural events there is a lack of clarity surrounding the mechanisms driving adverse morphological rearrangements. The sarcolemma also provides protection, and is the cell’s first line of defence, against external stresses such as oxygen and nutrient deprivation, inflammation and oxidative stress with a loss of sarcolemma viability shown to be a key step in cell death via necrosis. Significantly, cumulative cell death is also a feature of HF, and is linked to disease progression and loss of cardiac function. Herein, we will review the link between structural and molecular remodelling of the sarcolemma associated with the progression of HF, specifically considering the evidence for: (i) Whether intrinsic, evolutionary conserved,plasma membrane injury-repair mechanismsare in operation in the heart, and (ii) if deficits in key ‘wound-healing’ proteins (annexins, dysferlin, EHD2 and MG53) may play a yet to be fully appreciated role in triggering sarcolemma microdomain remodelling and/or necrosis. Cardiomyocytes are terminally differentiated with very limited regenerative capability and therefore preserving cell viability and cardiac function is crucially important. This review presents a novel perspective on sarcolemma remodelling by considering whether targeting proteins that regulate sarcolemma injury-repair may hold promise for developing new strategies to attenuate HF progression.
The frame bundle picture of Gaussian wave packet dynamics in semiclassical mechanics
Authors: Skerritt Paul 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Recently Ohsawa (Lett Math Phys 105:1301–1320, 2015) has studied the Marsden–Weinstein–Meyer quotient of the manifold $$T^*\mathbb {R}^n\times T^*\mathbb {R}^{2n^2}$$T∗Rn×T∗R2n2 under a $$\mathrm {O}(2n)$$O(2n)-symmetry and has used this quotient to describe the relationship between two different parametrisations of Gaussian wave packet dynamics commonly used in semiclassical mechanics. In this paper, we suggest a new interpretation of (a subset of) the unreduced space as being the frame bundle $${\mathcal {F}}(T^*\mathbb {R}^n)$$F(T∗Rn) of $$T^*\mathbb {R}^n$$T∗Rn. We outline some advantages of this interpretation and explain how it can be extended to more general symplectic manifolds using the notion of the diagonal lift of a symplectic form due to Cordero and de León (Rend Circ Mat Palermo 32:236–271, 1983).
Cyclic electron flow and light partitioning between the two photosystems in leaves of plants with different functional types
Authors: Sagun Julius Ver , Badger Murray R. , Chow Wah Soon , Ghannoum Oula 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Cyclic electron flow (CEF) around photosystem I (PSI) is essential for generating additional ATP and enhancing efficient photosynthesis. Accurate estimation of CEF requires knowledge of the fractions of absorbed light by PSI (fI) and PSII (fII), which are only known for a few model species such as spinach. No measures of fI are available for C4 grasses under different irradiances. We developed a new method to estimate (1) fII in vivo by concurrently measuring linear electron flux through both photosystems $$\left( {{\text{LEF}}_{{{\text{O}}_{ 2} }} } \right)$$LEFO2 in leaf using membrane inlet mass spectrometry (MIMS) and total electron flux through PSII (ETR2) using chlorophyll fluorescence by a Dual-PAM at low light and (2) CEF as ETR1—$${\text{LEF}}_{{{\text{O}}_{ 2} }}$$LEFO2. For a C3 grass, fI was 0.5 and 0.4 under control (high light) and shade conditions, respectively. C4 species belonging to NADP-ME and NAD-ME subtypes had fI of 0.6 and PCK subtype had 0.5 under control. All shade-grown C4 species had fI of 0.6 except for NADP-ME grass which had 0.7. It was also observed that fI ranged between 0.3 and 0.5 for gymnosperm, liverwort and fern species. CEF increased with irradiance and was induced at lower irradiances in C4 grasses and fern relative to other species. CEF was greater in shade-grown plants relative to control plants except for C4 NADP-ME species. Our study reveals a range of CEF and fI values in different plant functional groups. This variation must be taken into account for improved photosynthetic calculations and modelling.
Influence of diazonium and surfactant modification of the mesoporous material on its adsorption properties
Authors: Sandomierski Mariusz , Poniedziałek Kornelia , Bielicka-Daszkiewicz Katarzyna , Voelkel Adam 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We describe a new and direct route to obtain Al-SBA-15-modified materials with different groups on their surface using diazonium salts. For comparison, modification using surfactants was also used. In the present study, we decided to examine the applicability of these materials in the adsorption of compounds released from dental fillings. The effectiveness of modification was proved by results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and energy-dispersive spectrometry. The results indicate the formation of characteristic groups on the surface of the materials. The materials after modification are characterized by smaller surface area and pore volume, which is result of covering the surface with an aryl or surfactant layer. The adsorption properties change after modification and depend on the used modifier. Diazonium modification has a positive effect on sorptive properties when hydroxyl and dimethylamine groups are obtained. The methods of material modification presented in this work may in the future lead to the improvement in the properties of sorbents used in solid-phase extraction.
Potential adverse effects on animal health and performance caused by the addition of mineral adsorbents to feeds to reduce mycotoxin exposure
Authors: Elliott Christopher T. , Connolly Lisa , Kolawole Oluwatobi 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The contamination of feed with mycotoxins is a continuing feed quality and safety issue, leading to significant losses in livestock production and potential human health risks. Consequently, various methods have been developed to reduce the occurrence of mycotoxins in feed; however, feed supplementation with clay minerals or mineral adsorbents is the most prominent approach widely practiced by farmers and the feed industry. Due to a negatively charged and high surface area, pore volume, swelling ability, and high cation exchange capacity, mineral adsorbents including bentonite, zeolite, montmorillonite, and hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate can bind or adsorb mycotoxins to their interlayer spaces, external surface, and edges. Several studies have shown these substances to be partly or fully effective in counteracting toxic effects of mycotoxins in farm animals fed contaminated diets and thus are extensively used in livestock production to reduce the risk of mycotoxin exposure. Nevertheless, a considerable number of studies have indicated that these agents may also cause undesirable effects in farm animals. The current work aims to review published reports regarding adverse effects that may arise in farm animals (with a focus on pig and poultry) and potential interaction with veterinary substances and nutrients in feeds, when mineral adsorbents are utilized as a technological feed additive. Furthermore, results of in vitro toxicity studies of both natural and modified mineral adsorbents on different cell lines are reported. Supplementation of mycotoxin-contaminated feed with mineral adsorbents must be carefully considered by farmers and feed industry.
Decline and diversity in Swedish seas: Environmental narratives in marine history, science and policy
Authors: Lidström Susanna , Sörlin Sverker , Svedäng Henrik 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Before the mid-twentieth century, there was no comprehensive narrative about empirical conditions in Swedish seas. Around 1970, this view changed profoundly. In line with growing research and the emergence of ‘the environment’ as a defining concept, conditions in Swedish seas were framed as a ‘narrative of decline’. Marine scientists have since recorded more diverse developments than are described by an overall declensionist narrative. Data show trends of interrupted decline, variability and even recovery, taking place at least partly in response to effective policy and legislation. We suggest that beyond the specialised fields of marine sciences and marine environmental history, the overarching narrative of decline has persisted, paying little attention to local and regional particularities as well as cultural and political dimensions of the marine environment. This overly uniform narrative risks obscuring historical reality and, hence, fails to adequately inform policy and the public about developments and outcomes of interventions in Swedish seas.
Fukushima: U.S. Response and the Short-Term Impact on U.S.-Japan Trade in Fish and Seafood
Authors: Vardon Peter , Sassi Aliya , Zheng Yuqing , Birur Dileep 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe U.S. regulatory response to the import of potentially contaminated food from Japan following the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power facility meltdown has not been closely examined. The incident caused global concern about the safety of foods imported from Japan. U.S. scientists and policymakers conducted an initial evaluation of the potential health risks, analyzed information and data from foreign governments and international organizations, adopted an import alert, and conducted extensive monitoring. They did not detect radionuclides in, adopt a ban on, or advise consumers to alter their consumption of foods from Japan. Using a modified Global Simulation Model, National Marine Fisheries Service monthly seafood import data and United Nations trade data, we performed a comprehensive retrospective benefit-cost analysis of U.S. actions on U.S.-Japan trade in fish and seafood. We estimate that U.S. regulatory policy preserved approximately $150 million in annual consumer surplus from the continued import of Japanese fish and seafood (at a cost of less than $1 million for import sampling), while finding no additional exposure to harmful radionuclides. The lesson of our analysis is that investment in regulatory infrastructure has tangible economic benefits, and that retrospective benefit-cost analysis can be a useful framework for evaluating catastrophe risk-related policy strategies.
The tragedy of the emeritus and the fates of anatomical collections: Alfred Benninghoff's memoir of Ferdinand Count Spee
Authors: HOPWOOD NICK 
Published: September 2019

AbstractRetirement can be a significant period in modern academic careers, and emeritus professors have shaped the fates of collections in departments and disciplines. This is evidenced by reconstructing the meanings of Alfred Benninghoff's remarkable memoir of Ferdinand Count Spee, sometime director of the anatomical institute in the University of Kiel. Thematizing the ‘tragedy’ of the emeritus, Benninghoff's 1944 article recalls his predecessor's possessive interactions with his collections as these approached assorted endings. With nostalgia and humour, it places the old aristocrat physically, intellectually and emotionally in a building that bombing would soon destroy. Benninghoff's Spee retained control over the microscope slides with which he engaged colleagues in conversations about research in embryology and physiological anatomy. He lost authority over the teaching charts and wet preparations, but still said a long farewell to these things; he tried, like a conductor alone after a concert, to recapture an experience he had once shared. The elegy is interpreted as apologetic about anatomy under National Socialism, and as offering a model of collegiality. It illustrates how collections have mediated relations between scientific generations at the end of a career.
Hegel's Time: Between Tragic Action and Modern History
Authors: Pérez Berta M. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis paper offers an alternative perspective to the traditional interpretation of Hegel's philosophical reflection on history, departing from a reinterpretation of Hegel's reading of the tragic action of Antigone in Chapter VI of the Phenomenology of Spirit. The customary interpretation of this text affirms that Hegel shows how the conflict of tragic action finds its truth and its end in the identity of spirit. Tragic conflict is left behind to the same extent that (modern historical) spirit sublates the Greek ethical substance. This way, spirit can guarantee that our historical time is released from the past of the substance, or the spiritual movement of mediation from the immediacy of an ‘in-itself’. My reading, by contrast, finds under the tragic conflict of this text of Hegel's nothing but the ‘no’ of death that negates itself, or a principle that has the form of an original and irreducible conflict. Under this interpretation of Hegelian spirit, it becomes clear that it can neither fail to posit some form of ‘in-itself’ nor sublate its own tragic nature. This way it is shown that Hegel's reflection on the past does not reassure the superiority of the identity of the (modern) present (as the end of history), but rather illuminates its ‘broken’ nature. I thus offer an alternative view on Hegel's comprehension of the relation between present and past and between philosophy and time.
Are we ignorant about enterprise: Questioning assumptions?
Authors: Bridge Simon 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTwenty years ago Gibb suggested that despite an ‘explosion of research’ into enterprise, there had been ‘a growth of ignorance’. To see if that still applies, this paper looks at the nature of ‘knowledge’ and in particular at how our knowledge about enterprise has evolved. It suggests that to build our enterprise understanding, assumptions were made but not subsequently reviewed and verified. For instance it seems to have been assumed that enterprise is a sub-set of business, with the apparent consequence that big business-based thinking is applied also to small businesses.The paper concludes that there is a prima face case that ignorance about enterprise still prevails and there are examples which support this conclusion. In consequence, until the questionable assumptions are highlighted and their foundations recognised and corrected, we should not claim a leading role for our thinking or promote it as an appropriate basis for enterprise policy.
DIRECTIONS SETS: A GENERALISATION OF RATIO SETS
Authors: LEONETTI PAOLO , SANNA CARLO 
Published: September 2019

For every integer$k\geq 2$and every$A\subseteq \mathbb{N}$, we define the$k$-directions setsof$A$as$D^{k}(A):=\{\boldsymbol{a}/\Vert \boldsymbol{a}\Vert :\boldsymbol{a}\in A^{k}\}$and$D^{\text{}\underline{k}}(A):=\{\boldsymbol{a}/\Vert \boldsymbol{a}\Vert :\boldsymbol{a}\in A^{\text{}\underline{k}}\}$, where$\Vert \cdot \Vert$is the Euclidean norm and$A^{\text{}\underline{k}}:=\{\boldsymbol{a}\in A^{k}:a_{i}\neq a_{j}\text{ for all }i\neq j\}$. Via an appropriate homeomorphism,$D^{k}(A)$is a generalisation of theratio set$R(A):=\{a/b:a,b\in A\}$. We study$D^{k}(A)$and$D^{\text{}\underline{k}}(A)$as subspaces of$S^{k-1}:=\{\boldsymbol{x}\in [0,1]^{k}:\Vert \boldsymbol{x}\Vert =1\}$. In particular, generalising a result of Bukor and Tóth, we provide a characterisation of the sets$X\subseteq S^{k-1}$such that there exists$A\subseteq \mathbb{N}$satisfying$D^{\text{}\underline{k}}(A)^{\prime }=X$, where$Y^{\prime }$denotes the set of accumulation points of$Y$. Moreover, we provide a simple sufficient condition for$D^{k}(A)$to be dense in$S^{k-1}$. We conclude with questions for further research.
Candidate Messaging on Religious Issues in the 2016–17 Conservative Party of Canada Leadership Race
Authors: Thomas Paul E. J. , Sabin Jerald 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis article examines candidate emails from the 2016–17 Conservative Party of Canada leadership race to explore how candidates communicated with party supporters on issues of moral traditionalism (for example, abortion and sexuality diversity) and minority religious accommodation. We find that the level of public support for a given policy position shaped how overtly candidates signalled their views, with those supporting moral traditionalism or restrictions on religious minorities tending to express their views covertly and vice versa. Message overtness also changed following the deadline for new members to join the party before the vote. This article marks the first systematic study of how party leadership candidates attempt to solicit support from particular party factions and how candidates’ appeals evolve throughout a campaign. The results also show that the high-profile debate around minority religious accommodation during the leadership race did not displace contestation between candidates over issues such as sexual or reproductive rights.
Environmental encounters: Woolly mammoth, indigenous communities and metropolitan scientists in the Soviet Arctic
Authors: Arzyutov Dmitry V. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis article investigates how in the Soviet Arctic researchers and indigenous communities searched and understood the mammoth before and during the Cold War. Based on a vast number of published and unpublished sources as well as interviews with scholars and reindeer herders, this article demonstrates that the mammoth, as a paleontological find fusing together features of extinct and extant species, plays an in-between role among various environmental epistemologies. The author refers to moments of interactions among these different actors as “environmental encounters”, which comprise and engage with the physical, political, social and cultural environments of the Arctic. These encounters shape the temporal stabilisations of knowledge which enable the mammoth to live its post-extinct life. This article combines approaches from environmental history and anthropology, history of science and indigenous studies showing the social vitality of a “fossil object”.
‘We keep our eyes fixed upon Christ’: an anti-speculative doctrine of final resurrection in Bullinger and Turretin
Authors: Harris Steven Edward 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe doctrine of the resurrection of the dead at the end of time has often been the subject of speculation in the history of theology, seen especially in the influence of Augustine. The Reformers, seeking to avoid speculation here as elsewhere, turned to meditation on the risen Christ. This article expounds two Reformed accounts, those of Heinrich Bullinger (1504–75) and Francis Turretin (1623–87), which follow an anti-speculative rule formulated by Calvin: ‘we keep our eyes fixed upon Christ’. This rule, it is seen, also presses them to deny the Lutheran doctrine of the ubiquity of Christ's humanity.
Vocal Vulnerability: Tenors, Voix mixte and Late Nineteenth-Century French Opera
Authors: Parr Sean M. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIt is now a historical commonplace that nineteenth-century operatic singing became generally louder and heavier over the course of the century. Early in the century, before the advent of singers such as Gilbert-Louis Duprez, tenors sang high notes with a light, mixed voice, sometimes even falsetto. Strikingly, while such singing was virtually eliminated from Italian opera by the end of the century, the vocal practice continued in certain cases in the French repertory, some of which were created with one particular tenor in mind, Jean-Alexandre Talazac (1851–1896). Talazac was praised for his unique ability to sing high notes both softly and loudly. This article investigates the physical practice of producing what pedagogues and critics have called voix mixte, an enigmatic timbre applied to moments of soft, high tenor singing. In exploring these moments of what I call ‘léger mode’, I suggest that, by singing high notes softly in a post-Duprez operatic world, tenors transcend stage gestures through their use of a formerly normative performance style to mark moments musically as representations of vocal and masculine vulnerability. The historical evidence also argues for a renewed focus on what soft tenor singing might do for opera today.
Validation of the Child Feeding Questionnaire among Saudi pre-schoolers in Jeddah city
Authors: Mosli Rana H 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjective:To examine the psychometric properties of an Arabic version of the Child Feeding Questionnaire (CFQ-A) in a sample of Saudi pre-schoolers and their mothers.Design:Cross-sectional study. Mothers completed questionnaires over the telephone and child anthropometry was measured objectively using standardized procedures; BMIZ-scores (BMIZ) were calculated based on the age- and sex-specific WHO growth standards and reference data. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to examine the original seven-factor CFQ model, as well as a modified nine-factor model. Cronbach’sαwas calculated to examine the internal consistency of each factor; Spearman correlation was used to examine 2-week retest reliability. Factor–factor and factor–child BMIZ correlations were examined.Setting:Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.Participants:A total of 209 mothers and children were recruited from eight different pre-schools.Results:Both the original seven-factor and modified nine-factor CFQ-A exhibited good fit (root-mean-square-error of approximation < 0·05). Six out of nine factors had excellent internal consistency and all factors showed excellent 2-week test–retest reliability. There were significant correlations between child BMIZ and five out of the nine factors; Perceived Child Weight, Perceived Parent Weight, Restriction and Monitoring were each positively correlated with child BMIZ, while Concern about Child’s Diet was negatively correlated with child BMIZ.Conclusions:The study provided evidence supporting the validity and reliability of the original seven-factor and modified nine-factor CFQ-A. Future studies are needed to further establish the psychometric properties of the CFQ-A in addition to other feeding assessment tools.
RESTRICTED INTERPOLATION AND LACK THEREOF IN STIT LOGIC
Authors: OLKHOVIKOV GRIGORY K. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe consider the propositional logic equipped withChellas stitoperators for a finite set of individual agents plus the historical necessity modality. We settle the question of whether such a logic enjoys restricted interpolation property, which requires the existence of an interpolant only in cases where the consequence contains no Chellas stit operators occurring in the premise. We show that if action operators count as logical symbols, then such a logic has restricted interpolation property iff the number of agents does not exceed three. On the other hand, if action operators are considered to be nonlogical symbols, then the restricted interpolation fails for any number of agents exceeding one. It follows that unrestricted Craig interpolation also fails for almost all versions of stit logic.