bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti-Oxidant Drugs: Novelties and Clinical Implications in Cerebellar Ataxias
Authors: Barca Emanuele , Emmanuele Valentina , DiMauro Salvatore , Toscano Antonio , Quinzii Catarina M. 
Published: December 2018

Background:Hereditary cerebellar ataxias are a group of disorders characterized by heterogeneous clinical manifestations, progressive clinical course, and diverse genetic causes. No disease modifying treatments are yet available for many of these disorders. Oxidative stress has been recurrently identified in different progressive cerebellar diseases, and it represents a widely investigated target for treatment. </P><P> Objective: To review the main aspects and new perspectives of antioxidant therapy in cerebellar ataxias ranging from bench to bedside. </P><P> Method: This article is a summary of the state-of-the-art on the use of antioxidant molecules in cerebellar ataxia treatments. It also briefly summarizes aspects of oxidative stress production and general characteristics of antioxidant compounds. </P><P> Results: Antioxidants represent a vast category of compounds; old drugs have been extensively studied and modified in order to achieve better biological effects. Despite the vast body of literature present on the use of antioxidants in cerebellar ataxias, for the majority of these disorders conclusive results on the efficacy are still missing.Conclusion:Antioxidant therapy in cerebellar ataxias is a promising field of investigations. To achieve the success in identifying the correct treatment more work needs to be done. In particular, a combined effort is needed by basic scientists in developing more efficient molecules, and by clinical researchers together with patients communities, to run clinical trials in order to identify conclusive treatments strategies.
The Applications of Clustering Methods in Predicting Protein Functions
Authors: Chen Weiyang , Li Weiwei , Huang Guohua , Flavel Matthew 
Published: December 2018

Background:
The understanding of protein function is essential to the study of biological
processes. However, the prediction of protein function has been a difficult task for bioinformatics to
overcome. This has resulted in many scholars focusing on the development of computational methods
to address this problem.

Objective:
In this review, we introduce the recently developed computational methods of protein function
prediction and assess the validity of these methods. We then introduce the applications of clustering
methods in predicting protein functions.
New Histopathological & Genetic Features to Improve Active Surveillance Selection for Low-Risk Prostate Cancer
Authors: Chu Kevin , Corcoran Niall , Norden Sam , Wong Lih-Ming 
Published: December 2018

Background:
A recent surge in biomarkers to aid management of men with prostate cancer has occurred.
Their applications are varied and not all tests are applicable to the active surveillance setting.

Objective:
To review primary evidence on genetic and immunohistochemical biomarkers, and their role on
patient selection and risk stratification for men on active surveillance for prostate cancer.

Evidence Acquisition:

A PubMed electronic search using the terms (biomarker or genetic or histopathological)
AND (&quot;prostate cancer&quot; AND &quot;active surveillance&quot;) was performed from inception to April 2015.

Evidence Synthesis:
Of the biomarkers reviewed, Prostate Health Index (PHI) and Oncotype DX Genomic
Prostate Score (GPS), were identified to currently hold greatest potential benefit to aid risk stratification of men
for AS. Higher PHI, at baseline and during follow-up, was shown to predict pathological upgrading at rebiopsy
at two single institutions, but with small cohorts (n<200). The Oncotype DX GPS test has been validated on men
suitable for AS but having upfront radical prostatectomy. Increase in GPS was shown to predict upgrading and
upstaging at radical prostatectomy and biochemical recurrence post radical prostatectomy. Prospective validation
in AS cohorts is yet to be performed.

Conclusions:
PHI and Oncotype DX GPS show promise in aiding risk stratification for men on AS. However,
larger prospective studies in AS cohorts are needed. Integration of biomarkers with existing clinical and imaging
models remains a challenge.
Design, Synthesis, Cytotoxic Activity and Apoptosis-inducing Action of Novel Cinnoline Derivatives as Anticancer Agents
Authors: Kandeel Manal M. , Kamal Aliaa M. , Naguib Bassem H. , Hassan Marwa S.A. 
Published: December 2018

Aims: Tyrosine kinases and topoisomerase I are common target enzymes for the majority of the anticancer
agents. In contrast to quinazolines and quinolines, kinase inhibitors and topoisomerase inhibitors incorporating
cinnoline scaffold are relatively infrequent. Thus the aim of this work was to replace the former scaffolds
with the latter one. Eighteen novel cinnoline derivatives were designed, synthesized and characterized
using both microanalytical and spectral data.

Methods:
The cytotoxic activity of the new compounds was screened in vitro against both human breast cancer
cells and normal breast cells.

Results:
The enzymatic inhibition activity of promising candidates against both epidermal growth factor receptor
tyrosine kinase and topoisomerase I was accomplished.

Conclusions:
Cell cycle profiles were observed at IC50 doses of representative biologically active compounds.
Compound 7 represented a new scaffold incorporating triazepinocinnoline ring system and showed outstanding
cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 (0.049 µM), tyrosine kinase inhibition (0.22 µM), apoptosis percentage and the
highest selectivity index.
Spectrum and Outcome of Moderate Pediatric Head Injury Patients Admitted to Main Tertiary Hospital in Northern Jordan Border Hosting City During Strain Period of Syrian Crises
Authors: Eloqayli Haytham , Khader Yousef , Jamous Mohammad , Alqarqaz Feras , Nasrallah Basil , Abuchaaban Mazen 
Published: December 2018

Aims and Background:To evaluate and compare Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) and disability outcome in pediatric moderate Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) according to age, brain CT findings and treatment. The outcome could be different for none-war children in the border hosting community when health system under strain from Syrian crises.Methods:The HRQoL scores of 43 children with moderate TBI and abnormal brain CT, aged 8-12(n=24) and 13-18 (n=19) years at the time of injury were assessed using the Pediatric QOL Inventory, child self-report version (PedsQL). Group I (n=18) is surgically treated compared to group II (n=25) being medically treated. Disability, injury mechanism was compared.Results:Mean (SD) age was 12.2 (3.1) year. Based on treatment, the two groups differed only in the number of admission days (p= 0.009) with no significant difference in mean disability outcome and mean QoL in all domains. Based on age, older children (13-18 year) had better psychosocial health than younger children (8-12 year). Falling down, sport and recreational activity predominate as a mechanism of injury followed by a pedestrian. The acute epidural hematoma was the most common CT scan finding in the operative group (n=17) whereas, contusions were the most common in non-operative.Conclusion:This initial work could enhance research outcome from border hosting community that may suffer strain on the health sector and personal in periods of refugee influx and sudden population increase though they are not directly affected by the conflict crises. Single-incident moderate TBI where the diffuse axonal injury is absent or limited based on injury mechanism and severity has a good long-term outcome in children.
All-On-Four Protocol With Immediate Load on Short Implants in an Atrophic Mandible: A Case Report with a 4-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Rosa Enéias Carpejani , Do Nascimento Tuanny Carvalho de Lima , Sebastiani Aline Monise , Scariot Rafaela , Deliberador Tatiana Miranda , Zielak João Cezar , Florez Fernando Luis Esteban , Storrer Carmen Lucia Mueller 
Published: December 2018

Purpose:
Edentulism has been demonstrated to have negative social and psychological effects on individuals that include adverse impacts on facial and oral esthetics, masticatory function and speech abilities, that when combined, are translated into significant reductions in patients’ quality of lives. It is well-known that immediate placement of implants is a challenging surgical procedure that requires proper treatment planning and surgical techniques. Therefore, the present study describes a 4-year follow-up case report where short implants were placed in an atrophic mandibule and were loaded with the utilization of an all-on-four prosthetic protocol.

Case report:
A 54 year-old woman dissatisfied with her oral and facial esthetics, masticatory function and speech ability came to the implantology clinic of the Positivo University seeking for oral rehabilitation treatment. After detailed physical and clinical examination, a Computer Tomography scan (CT-scan) was performed to determine the patient’s bone ridge density, dimensions and eligibility for the placement of dental implants. The CT-scan results have indicated the presence of an extremely atrophic mandibular bone ridge. The CT-scan was also used as an aid during the final restoration treatment planning in terms of vertical dimension of occlusion, masticatory function, and stabilization of the lower denture. An all-on-four protocol supported by short implants was then treatment-planned to reduce time, costs and morbidity, and also to achieve superior immediate esthetic results and masticatory function. To reconstruct the patient’s atrophic edentulous mandibule, 4 short implants, including 2 distally tilted, were placed with a final torque of 45 Ncm.

Results:
Following the development and implementation of a complex treatment plan, the patient displayed stable soft and hard tissues at 4-year postoperative follow-up assessment, demonstrating the effectiveness of the all-on-four technique supported by short implants.

Conclusion:
Within the limits of this study, the present case report demonstrated that the all-on-four prosthetic protocol with immediate loading on short implant was effective in an atrophic mandible over a 4-year follow-up.
An International Analysis of Dialysis Services Reimbursement
Authors: van der Tol Arjan , Lameire Norbert , Morton Rachael L. , Van Biesen Wim , Vanholder Raymond 
Published: December 2018

Background and objectives
The prevalence of patients with ESKD who receive extracorporeal kidney replacement therapy is rising worldwide. We compared government reimbursement for hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis worldwide, assessed the effect on the government health care budget, and discussed strategies to reduce the cost of kidney replacement therapy.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Cross-sectional global survey of nephrologists in 90 countries to assess reimbursement for dialysis, number of patients receiving hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis, and measures to prevent development or progression of CKD, conducted online July to December of 2016.

Results
Of the 90 survey respondents, governments from 81 countries (90%) provided reimbursement for maintenance dialysis. The prevalence of patients per million population being treated with long-term dialysis in low- and middle-income countries increased linearly with Gross Domestic Product per capita (GDP per capita), but was substantially lower in these countries compared with high-income countries where we did not observe an higher prevalence with higher GDP per capita. The absolute expenditure for dialysis by national governments showed a positive association with GDP per capita, but the percent of total health care budget spent on dialysis showed a negative association. The percentage of patients on peritoneal dialysis was low, even in countries where peritoneal dialysis is better reimbursed than hemodialysis. The so-called peritoneal dialysis–first policy without financial incentive seems to be effective in increasing the utilization of peritoneal dialysis. Few countries actively provide CKD prevention.

Conclusions
In low- and middle-income countries, reimbursement of dialysis is insufficient to treat all patients with ESKD and has a disproportionately high effect on public health expenditure. Current reimbursement policies favor conventional in-center hemodialysis.
THE USE OF GOLDEN SNAIL MEAL TO ENRICH BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS CULTURE MEDIA AND ITS EFFECT ON THE BACTERIAL TOXICITY AGAINST SPODOPTERA LITURA
Authors: Pujiastuti Yulia , Masyitah Siti , Dirgahayu Sarah , Hadikusuma Suparman Surya , . Effendy 
Published: December 2018

The use of golden snail meal to enrich Bacillus thuringiensis culture media and its effect on the bacterial toxicity against spodoptera litura. Bacillus thuringiensis is an entomopathogenic bacterium producing spore and protein at sporulation. There has been limited research on using golden snail as protein resource to enrich bacterial culture media. This research was aimed at studying bacterial cell/spore production in culture media made from coconut water media and liquid waste of tofu industry (tofu whey) enriched with golden snail meal (GSM), as well as its toxicity against Spodoptera litura. The research was conducted in the Laboratory of Entomology, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University, from June to September 2017. The experiment was arranged in a Factorial Completely Randomized Design (FCRD) with two factors and three replications. The first factor was the addition of GSM (0, 5, 9, 13 and 17 g) and the second was storage longevity (0, 1, and 2 months). Number of test insect (third instar of S. litura) was 30 larvae per treatment. Parameter observed were spore density, larval mortality, and symptom of infected larvae. The results showed that B. thuringiensis cultured in culture media enriched with 13 g golden snail meal produced the highest spore density, amounted to 14.14 x 107spores/ml and caused larval mortality up to 86.67%. After one and two month storage treatments, the spore density in the cultures reduced to 2.51 x 107 and 1.49 x 107 spores/ml, respectively. There was a tendency of reduction in spore density under longer storage of the culture. Survived larvae developed abnormally, failed to transform to pupa or imago.
CHARACTERIZATION OF ENDOPHYTIC BACILLUS ISOLATED FROM SHALLOT ROOT AS BIOCONTROL OF BACTERIAL LEAF BLIGHT DISEASE
Authors: Resti Zurai , Habazar Trimurti , Putra Deddi Prima , . Nasrun 
Published: December 2018

Characterization of Endophytic Bacillus Isolated from Shallot Root as Biocontrol of Bacterial Leaf Blight Disease. Endophytic Bacillus isolated from the roots of healthy shallots has potential as biological control agent of bacterial leaf blight (BLB) disease. Based on the in planta screening, four endophytic bacteria that capable of controlling BLB diseases from the group of Bacillus were obtained, such as Bacillus cereus P14, Bacillus cereus Se07, Bacillus sp. HI, and Bacillus sp. SJI. The aims of this study were to investigate the characteristics of endophytic Bacillus that capable of controlling BLB disease and to determine the characteristic that most responsible in the disease control. This study method was descriptive. The characteristics observed were production of antibiotics by paper disc method, production of salicylic acid by capillary electrophoresis, and root colonization by in planta method. Linear regression analysis was used to determine the characteristic most responsible in the disease control. The results showed that four endophytic Bacillus were capable of producing salicylic acid and colonizing the root, and three of them were also capable of producing antibiotic. Salicylic acid production varied ranging from 13.96 to 14.72 ppm mL-1. Three endophytic Bacillus were capable of producing antibiotic with inhibition zone of 16.25 to 20.25 mm. Endophytic Bacillus was able to colonize the shallot roots with a population of bacteria ranged from 3.20 × 105-6, 20 × 105 CFU g-1 root. Based on the correlation coefficient of linear regression analysis, the root colonization of endophytic bacteria played the role in decreasing BLB disease.
PROSES KREATIF KOMUNITAS SENI NAN TUMPAH
Authors: Eliza Meria , Irianto2 Ikhsan Satria 
Published: December 2018

AbstrakPenelitian inibertujuan untuk mengetahui proses kreatif Komunitas Seni Nan Tumpah (KSNT) dan bagaimana persepsi masyarakat terhadap karya dan keberadaannya. KSNT merupakan kelompok seni terproduktif di Sumatra Barat yang karya-karyanya mendapatkan tanggapan berbeda dari masyarakat luas. Upaya untuk mengupas tentang proses kreatif dan keberadaan dari KSNT, metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan deskriptif interpretatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat diambil kesimpulan, pertama kecenderungan karya KSNT adalah mengolah seni tradisi sebagai material artistik garapan seni modern. Kedua, setiap karya KSNT mempertimbangkan jangkauan penontonnya, sehingga karya-karya KSNT dapat diterima dengan baik oleh masyarakat. Ketiga, keberadaan KSNT meningkatkan minat apresiasi seni masyarakat di Korong Kasai, Padang Pariaman. Kata Kunci:komunitas seni nan tumpah, proses kreatif, masyarakat AbstractThis study aims to find out the creative process of the Komunitas Seni Nan Tumpah (KSNT) and how people's perceptions of their work and existence. KSNT is the most productive art group in West Sumatra whose works get different responses from the wider community. Efforts to explore the creative process and the existence of KSNT, the research method used is interpretive descriptive approach. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the first tendency of KSNT's work is to process traditional art as an artistic material of modern art. Second, each KSNT work considers the audience's reach, so that KSNT's works can be well received by the community. Third, the existence of KSNT increased the interest in the appreciation of community art in Korong Kasai, Padang Pariaman. Keywords: komunitas seni nan tumpah, proses kreatif, masyarakat
Gambaran Pelayanan Konseling Gizi pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 di Puskesmas Jatinangor Tahun 2015
Authors: Zahra Puteri Fadillah , Diah Dewi Marhaeni , Miftahurachman Miftahurachman 
Published: December 2018

Terapi konseling gizi oleh tenaga puskesmas sangat diperlukan untuk pasien DM tipe 2, berfungsi mengontrol diet pasien agar tidak timbul masalah yang lebih kompleks. Pelayanan konseling gizi di puskesmas saat ini, diduga masih belum dilakukan secara optimal. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui gambaran pelayanan konseling gizi pada pasien DM tipe 2 di Puskesmas Jatinangor. Desain penelitian adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan strategi studi kasus, pengambilan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam dan observasi. Jumlah responden terdiri dari 1 nutrisionis, 1 dokter dan 3 pasien. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Agustus-November 2015. Analisis data dilakukan secara konten analisis. Tahapan proses konseling gizi berjalan sesuai dengan standar yang ditetapkan oleh Kemenkes. Konseling yang dilakukan masih menggunakan metode yang konvensional. Hambatan yang dialami petugas Puskesmas adalah dalam melakukan monitoring dan evaluasi hasil konseling. Hal ini disebabkan karena pasien yang melakukan kunjungan ulang masih rendah, selain itu fasilitas. puskesmas terbatas seperti ruang konseling gizi dan food model. Pelayanan konseling gizi di puskesmas belum berjalan dengan baik, metode konseling yang digunakan masih konvensional serta belum didukung fasilitas yang memadai. Perlu peningkatan kapasitas tenaga dalam melakukan konseling dengan pendekatan yang tepat serta pengadaan ruangan konseling dan food model.Kata Kunci: Diabetes Mellitus tipe 2, konseling gizi, puskesmas.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP KELUARGA DENGAN TERKENDALINYA KADAR GULA DARAH PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 (Studi di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kabupaten Kediri)
Authors: Muhibuddin Nanang , Sugiarto Sugiarto , Wujoso Hari 
Published: December 2018

Penyakit Diabetes Melitus jumlahnya terus meningkat serta menjadi masalah kesehatan karena komplikasinya, terjadi akibat kurangnya pengetahuan maupun sikap Keluarga dalam kontrol gula darah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap keluarga dengan terkendalinya kadar gula darah pada pasien DM tipe-2. Rancangan penelitian analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel 46 Responden keluarga (extended) pasien diambil dengan accidental sampling. Dilaksanakan di RSUD Kabupaten Kediri Bulan Februari sampai Maret 2016. Variabel bebas pengetahuan skor 0-30 dan sikap skor 0-120 tentang terkendalinya kadar gula darah dengan lembar kuesioner, variabel terikat Terkendalinya kadar gula darah Glycohemoglobin (HbA1c) dalam % dengan lembar observasi Rekam Medis (HbA1c). Data dinyatakan dalam skala interval dan di analisis menggunakan Regresi Linier berganda. Tingkat kesalahan (α) 5% (0,05). Hubungan pengetahuan keluarga dengan terkendalinya kadar gula darah (b= –0.29; CI 95%= -0.53 s/d -0.05; p=0.017 (30,1%)). Hubungan sikap keluarga dengan terkendalinya kadar gula darah (b= -0.125; CI 95%= -0.22 s/d -0.03; p=0,012 (31,1%)). Hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap keluarga dengan terkendalinya kadar gula darah p=0,001 (37%) terkendalinya kadar gula darah pada pasien Diabetes Melitus tipe-2 dipengaruhi oleh faktor pengetahuan dan sikap. Ada hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap keluarga dengan terkendalinya kadar gula darah pada pasien diabetes mellitus tipe-2.Kata Kunci : Pengetahuan Keluarga, Sikap Keluarga, Terkendalinya kadar gula darah
Gambaran Pelayanan Konseling Gizi dan Olahraga pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Puskesmas Kota Bandung
Authors: Rofi Faizah , Setiawati Elsa Pudji , Wiramihardja Siska 
Published: December 2018

Konseling gizi dan olahraga pada pasien DM Tipe 2 ( DMT2 ) diperlukan untuk mengontrol glukosa darah. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui gambaran keberlangsungan program pelayanan konseling gizi dan olahraga pada pasien DMT2 di Puskesmas Kota Bandung. Penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dilakukan dari bulan Agustus-November 2016 di tiga Puskesmas Kota Bandung. Responden penelitian terdiri dari 3 dokter umum, 3 ahli gizi, dan 18 pasien DMT2. Data diambil dengan wawancara mendalam dan observasi. Alur konseling meliputi pendaftaran, pemeriksaan, cek laboratorium, dan pemeriksaan kembali oleh dokter disertai konseling yang kemudian pasien disarankan untuk rujukan ke ahli gizi dan mengikuti Prolanis. Proses konseling gizi oleh ahli gizi meliputi inisiasi, pengkajian, diagnosis gizi, intervensi, dan evaluasi. Berdasarkan wawancara yang dilakukan dari 24 responden, 18 responden menyatakan konseling gizi oleh dokter dilakukan tanpa tahapan diagnosis gizi. Konseling olahraga meliputi pengkajian dan intervensi olahraga memenuhi 2 dari 7 protokol konseling olahraga. Pengetahuan dokter mengenai penyakit DM lebih lengkap dibandingkan ahli gizi. Fasilitas konseling meliputi ruangan dan food model telah tersedia. Konseling gizi dan olahraga pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 oleh petugas kesehatan telah diimplementasikan di Puskesmas Kota Bandung tetapi masih perlu ditingkatkan karena faktor-faktor berupa faktor dari pasien, petugas kesehatan, dan prosedur.Kata Kunci: Diabetes melitus tipe 2, konseling