bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automatic Characterization of the Refractive Index Profile of Fibers by Interferometry
Authors: Kim Han Seong , Pourdeyhimi Behnam 
Published: November 2018

Interferometry provides a non-destructive method for examining the refractive index profile or the radial birefringence distribution within fibers. The key step in the interference data reduction involves the extraction of the refractive index profile along the axial direction of the fiber. The profile is due to the path difference between the fiber and the immersion liquid when a fiber is oriented perpendicular to the fringe field in an interference microscope. The refractive index provides a measure of the degree of optical anisotropy and is indicative of the degree of orientation of the structure. This is of particular interest to nonwovens because in thermally bonded nonwovens, the orientation plays a major role in how well the fibers are bonded and the ultimate properties of the fabric. Despite its long history, however, the interpretation of the interference fringe shift is not precisely defined. Consequently, the data are not reproducible from one laboratory to the next. We outline below an objective and quantitative method for precisely measuring a fiber's refractive index profile from a digitized image of the interference fringe. This new algorithm uses the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to remove the inherent noise present in the fiber interferogram and to aid in extracting the profile.
Moist Wound Dressing Fabrications: Carboxymethylation of Antibacterial Cotton Gauze
Authors: Balasubramanian Elayarajah , Balasubramanian Venkatrajah , Babu Geethu , Devika S. , Rajendran R. 
Published: November 2018

Cotton gauze wound dressing materials were carboxymethylated in order to maintain moist conditions by increasing the carboxyl contents on their cellulose moieties. Also, to improve their antibacterial efficacy, two synergistic drugs were treated after carboxymethylation. Carboxymethylation of the fabrics was carried out using different concentrations of sodium hydroxide/mono chloro acetic acid (NaOH/MCA) to increase the carboxyl contents (85, 173, 246 mmol/100g). To acquire moist conditions of the fabrics, the carboxyl contents of the gelling samples were made in Ca/Na forms (Na ions was replaced by Ca ions) in three different forms of degree of neutralization (10/90, 20/80, and 30/70). The first non-gelling sample (85 mmol/100g) was left in its Na form to differentiate its chemical and biological properties from the other two samples. In order to fabricate the carboxymethylated (CM) cotton with antibacterial drugs, all the samples were padded in different concentrations (100, 500 and 1000 mg/L) of two synergistic drugs: ofloxacin and ornidazole. These samples were considered as carboxymethylated antimicrobial dressings (CM-AMD). The impact of antibacterial drug content on swelling, gelling, and shrinkage was determined along with the antibacterial activity. Both qualitative and quantitative antibacterial activity was measured for CM-AMD samples. Among the three samples, the first sample (85 mmol/100g) showed no gelling in phosphate buffered saline (PBS), whereas the other two samples (173 and 246 mmol/100g) showed gelling visually. In the present research, it was observed that swelling and shrinkage slightly decreased by increasing the concentrations of antibacterial drugs; and increased by increasing the carboxyl content. The antibacterial activity of CM-AMD when tested qualitatively showed that, the inhibition clear zone (ICZ) increased by increasing drug concentrations and carboxyl contents; but decreased by increasing the degree of neutralization. Quantitative bacterial reduction testing showed 100 % reduction of the test organisms (Staphylococcus aureus and Peptostreptococcus sp) The study concludes that carboxymethylated cotton gauzy fabrics containing more carboxyl contents (≥ 246 mmol/100g) with less degree of neutralization (10 %) treated with synergistic antibacterial drugs could be suitable for fabricating antibacterial wound dressing materials.
Value of lung perfusion scintigraphy in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension: a patchy pattern to consider
Authors: Wang Meng , Ma Rongzheng , Wu Dayong , Xiong Changming , He Jianguo , Wang Lei , Sun Xiaoxin , Fang Wei 
Published: November 2018

The ventilation/perfusion lung scan is recommended to exclude chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension in the diagnostic algorithm of pulmonary hypertension, but its role in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) has not been well explored. We characterized the lung perfusion pattern assessed by lung perfusion scintigraphy in idiopathic PAH (IPAH) patients and evaluate the potential prognostic significance of the patchy pattern perfusion defect. A total of 318 patients with IPAH confirmed by right heart catheterization who performed lung perfusion scintigraphy were included. On lung perfusion scintigraphy, 134 patients had normal lung perfusion and 184 patients showed patchy perfusion defects. In comparison to patients with normal lung perfusion, patients with patchy perfusion defects experienced significantly higher mean pulmonary arterial pressure (58.0 ± 15.4 mmHg vs. 54.1 ± 16.2 mmHg, P = 0.027) and total pulmonary resistance (1192.6 ± 533.7 dyn·s·cm−5 vs. 1067.2 ± 549.3 dyn·s·cm−5, P = 0.042). During a median follow‐up period of 884.0 days, 53 patients reached the primary endpoint of all‐cause mortality. On univariate Cox analysis, the patchy pattern of perfusion defect was significantly associated with the all‐cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.47, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.32–4.63, P = 0.005). Patients with patchy perfusion defects had a worse outcome (log‐rank = 8.605, P = 0.003). On multivariate analysis, the patchy pattern remained as a significant independent predictor of the endpoint (HR = 2.30, 95% CI = 1.22–4.31, P = 0.010). IPAH patients presented with heterogeneity in lung perfusion and the patchy pattern of lung perfusion defect commonly existed. Patients with patchy pattern identified by lung perfusion scintigraphy were associated with more severe disease and worse outcome.
No relevant pharmacokinetic drug–drug interaction between nintedanib and pirfenidone
Authors: Richeldi Luca , Fletcher Sophie , Adamali Huzaifa , Chaudhuri Nazia , Wiebe Sabrina , Wind Sven , Hohl Kathrin , Baker Andrew , Schlenker-Herceg Rozsa , Stowasser Susanne , Maher Toby M. 
Published: November 2018

Nintedanib and pirfenidone are approved treatments for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). This open-label, two-group trial investigated the pharmacokinetic drug–drug interaction between these two drugs in patients with IPF.Subjects not treated with antifibrotics at screening (group 1, n=20) received a single nintedanib dose (150 mg) followed by pirfenidone (titrated to 801 mg thrice daily) for 3 weeks, with a further single nintedanib dose (150 mg) on the last day (day 23). Subjects treated with pirfenidone at screening (group 2, n=17) continued to receive pirfenidone alone (801 mg thrice daily) for 7 days, then co-administered with nintedanib (150 mg twice daily) for a further 7 days, before single doses of both treatments on day 16.In group 1, adjusted geometric mean (gMean) ratios (with/without pirfenidone) were 88.6% and 80.6% for nintedanib area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) and maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), respectively. In group 2, gMean ratios (with/without nintedanib) were 97.2% and 99.5% for pirfenidone AUC and Cmax, respectively. For all parameters, the 90% confidence intervals included 100%, suggesting similar exposure for administration alone and when co-administered. Both treatments were well tolerated.These data indicate there is no relevant pharmacokinetic drug–drug interaction between nintedanib and pirfenidone when co-administered in IPF patients.
Cost of Treating Pediatric Cancer at the Butaro Cancer Center of Excellence in Rwanda
Authors: Neal Claire , Rusangwa Christian , Borg Ryan , Mugunga Jean Claude , Kennell-Heiling Stephanie , Shyirambere Cyprien , Pritchett Natalie , Muhayimana Clemence , Ntakirutimana Elisephan , Tapela Neo , Park Paul H. , Shulman Lawrence N. , Mpunga Tharcisse 
Published: November 2018

Purpose Improvements in childhood survival rates have been achieved in low- and middle- income countries that have made a commitment to improve access to cancer care. Accurate data on the costs of delivering cancer treatment in these settings will allow ministries of health and donors to accurately assess and plan for expansions of access to care. This study assessed the financial cost of treating two common pediatric cancers, nephroblastoma and Hodgkin lymphoma, at the Butaro Cancer Center of Excellence in rural Rwanda. Methods A microcosting approach was used to calculate the per-patient cost for Hodgkin lymphoma and nephroblastoma diagnosis and treatment. Costs were analyzed retrospectively from the provider perspective for the 2014 fiscal year. The cost per patient was determined using an idealized patient receiving a full course of treatment, follow-up, and recommended social support in accordance with the national treatment protocol for each cancer. Results The cost for a full course of treatment, follow-up, and social support was determined to be between $1,490 and $2,093 for a patient with nephroblastoma and between $1,140 and $1,793 for a pediatric patient with Hodgkin lymphoma. Conclusion Task shifting, reduced labor costs, and locally adapted protocols contributed to significantly lower costs than those seen in middle- or high-income countries.
Attention deficit fashion
Authors: Reilly Andrew , Hawley Jana 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Using a post-postmodern perspective, we offer a framework for analysing the current social and industrial practices that have resulted in the rapid turnover of clothing purchases and styles. ‘Attention deficit fashion’ (ADF) is the result of a youth-driven marketplace that relies on consumers who regularly use technology to share images of themselves in clothing. Wearing the same clothing item in another image is a social faux pas so the item is discarded and new items are sought. The result is what we call ‘micro-trends’, or subtle changes in aesthetic preferences that are limited by geography or demographics.
Memes in digital culture and their role in marketing and communication: A study in India
Authors: Sharma Harshit 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The word ‘meme’, though coined in 1976, started gaining popularity in the digital sphere in 2012 and slowly began dominating the space on our social media walls. This article is an attempt to explore how brands can engage with Indian netizens using the growing trend of Internet memes. It deploys netnography as a method of primary research to analyse the behaviour of Facebook users in India and cross-validates it with experts’ opinion.
Automation of play: Theorizing self-playing games and post-human ludic agents
Authors: Fizek Sonia 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This article offers a critical reflection on automation of play and its significance for the theoretical enquiries into digital games and play. Automation has become an ever more noticeable phenomenon in the domain of video games, expressed by self-playing game worlds, self-acting characters, and non-human agents traversing multiplayer spaces. On the following pages, the author explores various instances of automated non-human play and proposes a post-human theoretical lens, which may help to create a new framework for the understanding of video games, renegotiate the current theories of interaction prevalent in game studies, and rethink the relationship between human players and digital games.
Ergogenic Effects of β-Alanine Supplementation on Different Sports Modalities: Strong Evidence or Only Incipient Findings?
Authors: Brisola Gabriel M.P. , Zagatto Alessandro M. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Brisola, GMP and Zagatto, AM. Ergogenic effects of β-alanine supplementation on different sports modalities: strong evidence or only incipient findings? J Strength Cond Res 33(1): 253–282, 2019—β-Alanine supplementation is a popular nutritional ergogenic aid among the sports community. Due to its efficacy, already proven in the literature, to increase the intramuscular carnosine content (β-alanyl-L-histidine), whose main function is intramuscular buffering, β-alanine supplementation has become a nutritional strategy to improve performance, mainly in high-intensity efforts. However, although many studies present evidence of the efficacy of β-alanine supplementation in high-intensity efforts, discrepancies in outcomes are still present and the performance enhancing effects seem to be related to the specificities of each sport discipline, making it difficult for athletes/coaches to interpret the efficacy of β-alanine supplementation. Thus, this study carried out a review of the literature on this topic and summarized, analyzed, and critically discussed the findings with the objective of clarifying the current evidence found in the literature on different types of efforts and sport modalities. The present review revealed that inconsistencies are still found in aerobic parameters determined in incremental tests, except for physical working capacity at the neuromuscular fatigue threshold. Inconsistencies are also found for strength exercises and intermittent high-intensity efforts, whereas in supramaximal continuous mode intermittent exercise, the beneficial evidence is strong. In sports modalities, the evidence should be analyzed separately for each sporting modality. Thus, sports modalities that have strong evidence of the ergogenic effects of β-alanine supplementation are: cycling race of 4 km, rowing race of 2,000 m, swimming race of 100 and 200 m, combat modalities, and water polo. Finally, there is some evidence of slight additional effects on physical performance from cosupplementation with sodium bicarbonate.
When Something Is at Stake: Differences in Soccer Performance in 11 vs. 11 During Official Matches and Training Games
Authors: Olthof Sigrid B.H. , Frencken Wouter G.P. , Lemmink Koen A.P.M. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Olthof, SBH, Frencken, WGP, and Lemmink, KAPM. When something is at stake: Differences in soccer performance in 11 vs. 11 during official matches and training games. J Strength Cond Res 33(1): 167–173, 2019—11 vs. 11 training games are used to mimic the official match, but differ in playing duration and a consequence of winning or losing. Anxiety levels, crowd pressure, and the intention to win are examples of constraints present in the match, but absent or less prevalent in training. The aim is, therefore, to compare soccer performance in official matches with 11 vs. 11 training games. Six elite youth soccer teams played 5 official matches and 15 training games. Soccer performance, defined as a combination of game characteristics (game duration, transitions, and ball possession duration) and physical (distance covered, high-intensity distance, and sprints), technical (passing), and team tactical performance (inter-team and intra-team distances) and corresponding interaction patterns, was determined with video footage and positional data (local position measurement system). Soccer performance in official matches differed from similar training games, in a way that players covered more distance, sprinted more often, but game pace was lower and players made more mistakes. In addition, team width was smaller and length-per-width ratio larger and teams were tighter coupled in official matches. 11 vs. 11 training games can be used to mimic the match, in particular the team tactical performance. Coaches could increase physical and technical representativeness of training games by raising the stakes and increasing the consequence of winning or losing.
Field Permeability Tests with Inward and Outward Flow in Confined Aquifers
Authors: Zhang Lu , Chapuis Robert P. , Marefat Vahid 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Field permeability tests gave the local hydraulic conductivities (K) at three different sites. Constant head (CH) and variable head (VH) tests were performed using 33 monitoring wells (MWs) installed in confined aquifers. Each test method was conducted with either an inward flow from aquifer to pipe or outward flow from pipe to aquifer, which makes a total of four types of tests: discharge and injection tests (CH) and rising and falling head tests (VH). The MWs were developed soon after their installation to remove the fine particles that were close to the screen areas. This article first explains various test results at different sites. For MWs in perfect condition, two opposite flows should yield equivalent K values. However, the tests with inward flow and outward flow gave different K values, which is due to some clogging of the screen or internal erosion of the filter pack. In addition, the K (CH tests), which are frequently lower than the K (VH tests), are more accurate because the CH test lasts longer and has a larger influence radius. The article also provides recommendations for estimating reliable K values for a confined aquifer.
Two Pif1 Family DNA Helicases Cooperate in Centromere Replication and Segregation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Chen Chi-Fu , Pohl Thomas J , Pott Sebastian , Zakian Virginia A 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Pif1 family helicases are found in virtually all eukaryotes. Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Sc) encodes two Pif1 family helicases, ScPif1 and Rrm3. ScPif1 is multifunctional, required not only for maintenance of mitochondrial DNA but also for multiple distinct nuclear functions. Rrm3 moves with the replication fork and promotes movement of the fork through ∼1400 hard-to-replicate sites, including centromeres. Here we show that ScPif1, like Rrm3, bound robustly to yeast centromeres but only if the centromere was active. While Rrm3 binding to centromeres occurred in early to mid S phase, about the same time as centromere replication, ScPif1 binding occurred later in the cell cycle when replication of most centromeres is complete. However, the timing of Rrm3 and ScPif1 centromere binding was altered by the absence of the other helicase, such that Rrm3 centromere binding occurred later in pif1-m2 cells and ScPif1 centromere binding occurred earlier in rrm3Δ cells. As shown previously, the modest pausing of replication forks at centromeres seen in wild-type cells was increased in the absence of Rrm3. While a lack of ScPif1 did not result in increased fork pausing at centromeres, pausing was even higher in rrm3Δ pif1Δ cells than in rrm3Δ cells. Likewise, centromere function as monitored by the loss rate of a centromere plasmid was increased in rrm3Δ but not pif1Δ cells, and was even higher in rrm3Δ pif1Δ cells than in rrm3Δ cells. Thus, ScPif1 promotes centromere replication and segregation, but only in the absence of Rrm3. These data also hint at a potential post-S phase function for ScPif1 at centromeres. These studies add to the growing list of ScPif1 functions that promote chromosome stability.
Az érzelmi intelligencia összefüggései az álomjellemzőkkel, az alexitímiával és a globális jólléttel
Authors: Fenyves Laura , Bányai-Nagy Henriett 
Published: November 2018

Elméleti háttér, célkitűzés: A korábbi kutatások feltárták az alexitímia és az álomjellemzők közötti kapcsolatokat, továbbá igazolták ezek összefüggését a szubjektív jólléttel. Az alexitímia és az érzelmi intelligencia (EI) közötti erős negatív összefüggés szintén igazolt, ugyanakkor az EI és az álomjellemzők kapcsolatára vonatkozóan napjainkig nem állnak rendelkezésre kutatási eredmények. Jelen kutatás az alexitímia mellett az EI álomjellemzőkkel és szubjektív jólléttel mutatott összefüggéseit is vizsgálja, alvászavarral nem küzdő, felnőtt, magyar mintán.
Módszer: Az online, kényelmi mintavétel alkalmazásával végzett kutatásunkban 936 fő vett részt (474 férfi, 462 nő; átlagéletkor = 26,39 év, szórás = 10,33). A résztvevők az alábbi kérdőíveket töltötték ki: Érzelmek Mérése Skála, Torontói Alexitímia Skála, Álomfelidézési Skála, Álomminőség Kérdőív, Athén Inszomnia Skála, Globális Jóllét Kérdőív, valamint rákérdeztünk az álmok fontosságára és jelentésteliségére is.
Eredmények: Az EI szignifikáns, pozitív együttjárást mutatott az álomfelidézés gyakoriságával, az álmok fontosságával, jelentésteliségével, élénkségével és a kifejezetten örömteli álmok gyakoriságával. Az alexitímia a vizsgált álomjellemzők közül az álomélénkséggel negatívan, a kifejezetten nyomasztó álmok gyakoriságával pedig pozitívan korrelált. A globális jóllét az álomélénkséggel és a kifejezetten örömteli álmok gyakoriságával pozitívan, a kifejezetten nyomasztó álmok gyakoriságával negatívan korrelált. A változókból létrehozott globális jóllétet magyarázó modell szignifikáns volt, mely főképp az EI és a kifejezetten örömteli álmok gyakorisága változók hatásának volt köszönhető.
Következtetések: Az eredményeink azt jelzik, hogy az EI és bizonyos álomjellemzők kapcsolatban állnak, illetve az EI álomjellemzőkkel mutatott összefüggései jelentősebbek a szakirodalomban korábban feltárt alexitímia és álomjellemzők közötti együttjárásoknál. Az eredmények támogatják azt a feltételezést, hogy az álmok összefüggést mutatnak az érzelmi megküzdéssel.
Gambaran Identitas Etnis Remaja Suku Jawa dan Sunda
Authors: Fathurroja Aqiila , Mumtazah Humaira , Rosiana Rosiana , Pudoli Siti Barkah Miarti , Fridayanti Fridayanti 
Published: November 2018

Ethnic identity is important in cultural inheritance. In border areas, there are often mixing of two different ethnic groups. The purpose of this study is to obtain an overview of the ethnic identity of Sundanese and Javanese adolescents in the border region. The subjects in this study were two group of students from one High school in Ciamis, a border area between West Java and central Java. They were members of the Javanese and Sundanese ethnic groups (N=60). The instrument used is the Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure (MEIM) scale developed by Phinney (1992). Result shows that the two ethnic groups have almost the same sense of ownership, but they are low in exploring their ethnicity.
KAJIAN BIOEKOLOGI IKAN KARANG CHAETODONTIDAE SEBAGAI SALAH SATU INDIKATOR UNTUK MENDETEKSI KONDISI EKOSISTEM TERUMBU KARANG DI PERAIRAN TAMAN NASIONAL KEPULAUAN TOGEAN, SULAWESI TENGAH
Authors: Suharti Ratna , Saktiawan Kresna Yugha , Rachmad Basuki , Triyono Heri , Zulkifli Dadan 
Published: November 2018

Taman Nasional Kepulauan Togean memiliki kekayaan hayati bawah laut sangat besar, salah satunya adalah ikan family Chaetodontidae yang memiliki keterkaitan erat dengan kondisi fisik terumbu karang sehingga ikan ini dapat dijadikan sebagai indikator kondisi ekosistem terumbu karang. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan mengamati komposisi jenis dan sebaran serta mengkaji bioekologi ikan famili Chaetodontidae di perairan Taman Nasional Kepulauan Togean, Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah yang dilaksanakan di 15 stasiun pada bulan Februari - Mei 2017. Pengambilan data ikan menggunakan metode UVC. Analisis isi lambung dilakukan menggunakan metode index of preponderance (IP). Komposisi ikan Family Chaetodontidae di Taman Nasional Kepulauan Togean terdiri dari 12 spesies dari 3 genera. Indeks keanekaragaman (H’) berkisar antara 0,92 – 2,05, indeks keseragaman (E) berkisar antara 0,83 – 1,00 serta indeks dominansi (C) berkisar antara 0,14 – 0,44. Hasil analisis makanan pada Family Chaetodontidae ditemukan 8 jenis makanan, dan bersifat hard coral feeder. Berdasarkan penilaian ekologi mengindikasikan bahwa keadaan terumbu karang di perairan Taman Nasional Kepulauan Togean masih dalam keadaan baik, kecuali pada Pulau Waleakodi cenderung telah mengalami kerusakan. Pengelompokan kesamaan spesies membentuk kelompok yang mengerucut ke perairan Pulau Togean, menunjukkan bahwa hampir seluruh spesies ikan family Chaetodontidae ditemukan terdapat di Pulau Togean.Parameter perairan meliputi kecepatan arus, salinitas dan suhu tergolong layak.