bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alcohol overuse and intracerebral hemorrhage: characteristics and long‐term outcome
Authors: Avellaneda‐Gómez C. , Serra Martínez M. , Rodríguez‐Campello A. , Ois Á. , Cuadrado‐Godia E. , Giralt‐Steinhauer E. , Vivanco‐Hidalgo R. , Jiménez‐Conde J. , Gómez‐González A. , de Ceballos Cerrajería P. , Zabalza de Torres A. , Mola‐Caminal M. , Soriano‐Tárraga C. , Roquer J. 
Published: June 2018

Background and purposeAlcohol overuse (AOu) is considered an important risk factor for spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The clinical and outcome characteristics of these patients (AOu‐ICH) are not well known.MethodsAll patients with ICH admitted to a single university tertiary stroke center were prospectively studied from May 2005 to May 2015. Demographic profiles, radiologic characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients with acute ICH and previous AOu (>40 g/day or >300 g/week) were analyzed.ResultsDuring the study period, 555 patients with spontaneous primary ICH met the inclusion criteria. A total of 81 patients (14.6%) reported AOu (24.3% of men vs. 3.1% of women; P < 0.0001; mean age, 63 years old for AOu vs. 74 years old for non‐AOu; P < 0.0001). Of the classic cardiovascular risk factors, only smoking was associated with AOu (63% vs. 12.2% of non‐AOu; P < 0.0001). Initial severity and hematoma volume were similar in both groups, with no observed differences in stroke care or in‐hospital medical complications. Patients with AOu had worse outcome (modified Rankin Scale score, 3–6 points) than patients without AOu at 3 months [odds ratio (OR), 2.50; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.32–4.75; P = 0.005] and 12 months (OR, 2.47; 95% CI, 1.23–5.00; P = 0.011). A similar trend was observed at 5 years (OR, 2.48; 95% CI, 0.96–6.39; P = 0.059).ConclusionsAlcohol overuse was present in 14.6% of patients with ICH, who were predominantly male, smokers and a mean of 11 years younger than the non‐AOu group. Despite a lack of differences in initial clinical severity, stroke care and early medical complications, patients with AOu had worse short‐ and long‐term outcomes.
Experience of care for Parkinson's disease in European countries: a survey by the European Parkinson's Disease Association
Authors: Schrag A. , Khan K. , Hotham S. , Merritt R. , Rascol O. , Graham L. 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundFew studies report on the experience of care for patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) from their own point of view.MethodsAn analysis was carried out of a survey in 11 European countries on self‐reported access to services and satisfaction with different aspects of care.ResultsIn all, 1775 people with PD (PwP) participated with disease duration ranging from <1 to 42 years. When referred to a specialist most were seen within 3 months but medication reviews occurred every 3 months in only 10%, every 6 months in 37%, once a year in 40% and every 2 years or less frequently in 13%. Waiting times to therapists were usually ≥4 months. Satisfaction with care was highest for involvement of PwP in decisions (63% of respondents satisfied) and involvement of family/carer (62%) followed by communication with PwP (57%), information received (54%), frequency of treatment reviews (52%) and suitability of treatment for the individual condition and circumstances (52%), but lowest for availability and accessibility of treatment when needed (48%) and collaborations between healthcare professionals in delivering care (41% satisfied). The main factors associated with overall satisfaction scores with care were the overall satisfaction with initial consultation (r = 0.26, P < 0.0001), the sensitivity with which the diagnosis was communicated, the quantity of information provided (both r = 0.24, P < 0.0001) and the frequency of medication review (r = 0.17, P < 0.0001).ConclusionMore coordinated and responsive care, tailored to the individual, with regular and timely medication reviews and information provision, is likely to improve satisfaction with care in current healthcare pathways.
The human IL‐17A/F heterodimer regulates psoriasis‐associated genes through IκBζ
Authors: Bertelsen Trine , Iversen Lars , Johansen Claus 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAntagonists of IL‐17A and its receptor have proven to be highly effective in the treatment of psoriasis. However, many of the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis are still to be determined. IκBζ (encoded by the NFKBIZ gene) plays a key role in the development of psoriasis by mediating IL‐17A‐ and IL‐17F‐driven effects. Both IL‐17A and IL‐17F expression are increased in lesional psoriatic skin. IL‐17A/A and IL‐17F/F homodimers as well as the IL‐17A/F heterodimer signal through the same receptors. The aim of this study was to characterize the role of the IL‐17A/F heterodimer in the regulation of NFKBIZ expression and in the regulation of selected psoriasis‐associated genes. We demonstrated that IL‐17A/F stimulation of human keratinocytes significantly induced NFKBIZ expression. Moreover, silencing IκBζ by siRNA revealed that IκBζ is a key regulator of IL‐17A/F‐inducible psoriasis‐associated genes, including CCL20, DEFB4, IL‐8, CHI3L1 and S100A7. In addition, IL‐17A/F‐induced NFKBIZ expression was mediated by a mechanism involving the p38 MAPK and NF‐κB signalling pathways. In conclusion, we present IκBζ as a novel key regulator of IL‐17A/F‐driven effects in psoriasis. Thus, antagonists to IL‐17A/F or IκBζ may present a targeted approach for treating psoriasis.
Maximizing the benefits of oyster reef restoration for finfish and their fisheries
Authors: Gilby Ben L. , Olds Andrew D. , Peterson Charles H. , Connolly Rod M. , Voss Christine M. , Bishop Melanie J. , Elliott Michael , Grabowski Jonathan H. , Ortodossi Nicholas L. , Schlacher Thomas A. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractGlobal declines in oyster reefs have resulted in reduced habitat heterogeneity, extent and quality for some coastal finfish, potentially reducing fish populations and catches. It is well established that habitat restoration results in higher finfish biomass and diversity where oyster reefs replace bare substrata. Therefore, restoring oyster reefs with a view to also improving fish stocks is often a key goal of oyster restoration. However, the principles of habitat quality, ecological connectivity and broader ecosystem management are poorly integrated within oyster reef restoration ecology, but such principles may be instructive in enhancing the benefits of projects on fish populations throughout estuarine seascapes. This manuscript presents a framework for projects seeking to restore both oyster reef habitat and finfish communities. Structurally and biologically complex oyster reefs, comprising both oysters and other invertebrates, are required to provide shelter, food and nursery services to fish. By carefully considering site selection at seascape scales (km to 10s of km), restoration can enhance the network of habitat available to fish and potentially increase the overall carrying capacity of the estuary. Managers of estuaries that now include restored oyster reefs should implement fisheries management plans and consider the effects of management actions broadly throughout catchments; failing to do so may jeopardize gains in fish yields. Management decisions must be adaptable, responding to key criteria in thorough monitoring programs. Integrating these ecological and coastal management concepts into oyster reef restoration will enhance outcomes for fishes and increase stakeholder engagement and cost‐effectiveness.
Expansion microscopy: enabling single cell analysis in intact biological systems
Authors: Alon Shahar , Huynh Grace H. , Boyden Edward S. 
Published: June 2018

There is a need for single cell analysis methods that enable the identification and localization of different kinds of biomolecules throughout cells and intact tissues, thereby allowing characterization and classification of individual cells and their relationships to each other within intact systems. Expansion microscopy (ExM) is a technology that physically magnifies tissues in an isotropic way, thereby achieving super‐resolution microscopy on diffraction‐limited microscopes, enabling rapid image acquisition and large field of view. As a result, ExM is well‐positioned to integrate molecular content and cellular morphology, with the spatial precision sufficient to resolve individual biological building blocks, and the scale and accessibility required to deploy over extended 3‐D objects like tissues and organs.
The effect of pit size and density on the fatigue behaviour of a pre‐corroded martensitic stainless steel
Authors: McMurtrey M.D. , Mills D.E. , Burns J.T. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractUNS S17400 steel is used in turbines for the aerospace and utility industries. While it is generally corrosion resistant, it is susceptible to pitting when exposed to aqueous chloride environments. Effects of pitting characteristics, such as depth, width, and local density on fatigue life, have been studied in this work to better inform criteria for component replacement or repair. While pit depth correlates well with cracking, the deepest pit never initiated the crack that ultimately led to failure. The clustering of pits, or local pitting density, also correlated well with crack initiation location; however, the densest region of pitting was not always the location where cracking occurred. There is likely no single metric that directly correlates pitting with fatigue cracking, rather there is a combination of pitting characteristics that ultimately lead to cracking. The results from this work suggest that pit depth and local pitting density are among the more important metrics.
Rapid thermal adaptation in a marine diatom reveals constraints and trade‐offs
Authors: O'Donnell Daniel R. , Hamman Carolyn R. , Johnson Evan C. , Kremer Colin T. , Klausmeier Christopher A. , Litchman Elena 
Published: June 2018

AbstractRapid evolution in response to environmental change will likely be a driving force determining the distribution of species across the biosphere in coming decades. This is especially true of microorganisms, many of which may evolve in step with warming, including phytoplankton, the diverse photosynthetic microbes forming the foundation of most aquatic food webs. Here we tested the capacity of a globally important, model marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana, for rapid evolution in response to temperature. Selection at 16 and 31°C for 350 generations led to significant divergence in several temperature response traits, demonstrating local adaptation and the existence of trade‐offs associated with adaptation to different temperatures. In contrast, competitive ability for nitrogen (commonly limiting in marine systems), measured after 450 generations of temperature selection, did not diverge in a systematic way between temperatures. This study shows how rapid thermal adaptation affects key temperature and nutrient traits and, thus, a population's long‐term physiological, ecological, and biogeographic response to climate change.
Helicobacter pylori infection reduces the risk of Barrett's esophagus: A meta‐analysis and systematic review
Authors: Erőss Bálint , Farkas Nelli , Vincze Áron , Tinusz Benedek , Szapáry László , Garami András , Balaskó Márta , Sarlós Patrícia , Czopf László , Alizadeh Hussain , Rakonczay Zoltán , Habon Tamás , Hegyi Péter 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIntroductionThe prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection (HPI) has been decreasing in developed countries, with an increasing prevalence of Barrett's esophagus (BE) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) at the same time. The aim of our meta‐analysis was to quantify the risk of BE in the context of HPI.MethodsA systematic search was conducted in 3 databases for studies on BE with data on prevalence of HPI from inception until December 2016. Odds ratios for BE in HPI were calculated by the random effects model with subgroup analyses for geographical location, presence of dysplasia in BE, and length of the BE segment.ResultsSeventy‐two studies were included in the meta‐analysis, including 84 717 BE cases and 390 749 controls. The overall analysis showed that HPI reduces the risk of BE; OR = 0.68 (95% CI: 0.58‐0.79, P < .001). Subgroup analyses revealed risk reduction in Asia OR = 0.53 (95% CI: 0.33‐0.84, P = .007), Australia OR = 0.56 (95% CI: 0.39‐0.80, P = .002), Europe OR = 0.77 (95% CI: 0.60‐0.98, P = .035), and North‐America OR = 0.59 (95% CI: 0.47‐0.74, P < .001). The risk was significantly reduced for dysplastic BE, OR = 0.37 (95% CI: 0.26‐0.51, P < .001) for non‐dysplastic BE, OR = 0.51 (95% CI: 0.35‐0.75, P = .001), and for long segment BE, OR = 0.25 (95% CI: 0.11‐0.59, P = .001) in case of HPI.ConclusionsThis extensive meta‐analysis provides additional evidence that HPI is associated with reduced risk of BE. Subgroup analyses confirmed that this risk reduction is independent of geographical location. HPI is associated with significantly lower risk of dysplastic, non‐dysplastic, and long segment BE.
Patterns of association at feeder stations for Common Pheasants released into the wild: sexual segregation by space and time
Authors: Whiteside Mark A. , van Horik Jayden O. , Langley Ellis J. G. , Beardsworth Christine E. , Capstick Lucy A. , Madden Joah R. 
Published: June 2018

Sexual segregation is common and can occur when sexes occupy different habitats, and/or when sexes aggregate assortatively within the same habitats. However, it is rarely studied in birds, with most previous work concentrating on differential settlement by the sexes in discrete habitats, often separated by large distances. Little attention has been paid to patterns of segregation within the same site. We reared 200 Common Pheasants Phasianus colchicus and released them onto a relatively small site of 250 ha and recorded their patterns of association and differential use of artificial feeders in space and time. Particular feeders were preferred by one sex, although we found no features of the local habitat which explained such preferences. Furthermore, we found sex differences in the use of feeders throughout the day, with females preferentially visiting them in the morning and the proportion of females visiting feeders increasing as the year progressed. Social network analyses found that in the first month after release into the wild, females did not associate strongly with other females, which was surprising as, prior to release, females have been shown to associate with other females in both semi‐natural conditions and when tested in isolation. However, sexual segregation was clearly seen after 1 month of being released and became more pronounced as the year progressed. Females associated with other females from November to February, whereas males avoided other males over this same period. Sexes became less likely to associate with one another in 5 of the 6 months monitored. Such avoidance observed in males suggests that they start to form territories much sooner than previously thought. Pheasants exhibit clear patterns of fine‐scale sexual segregation based on space and time, which was observed in their social preferences at feeding sites. Such detailed fine‐scale segregation is rarely observed in birds.
Effect of inulin with different degree of polymerisation on textural and rheological properties of wheat starch – Effect of inulin on gel properties of starch
Authors: Kou Xuerui , Luo Denglin , Li Yun , Xu Baocheng , Zhang Kangyi , Li Peiyan , Li Xuan , Han Sihai , Liu Jianxue 
Published: June 2018

SummaryThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of inulin with different degree of polymerisation on textural and rheological properties of wheat starch gel by a texture analyser and rheometers. As expected, the hardness of gel increased with the addition of three kinds of inulin, but the gumminess and adhesiveness decreased. For the rheological properties, we found short‐chain inulin reduced the consistency coefficient and increase the fluidity of gel, natural inulin could increase the consistency coefficient of gel and had no significant effect on the flow characteristic index. Short‐ and long‐chain inulin could maintain the stability of gel during storage at 5 °C, and natural inulin significantly enhanced the fluidity and decreased the stability. In general, three kinds of inulin all had an influence on the texture parameters of wheat starch gel, short‐ and long‐chain inulin improved the dynamic stability.
Effect of osmotic dehydration on desorption isotherms and glass transition temperatures of mango
Authors: Zhao Jin‐Hong , Ding Yang , Yuan Yue‐Jin , Xiao Hong‐Wei , Zhou Chun‐Li , Tan Ming‐Lei , Tang Xuan‐Ming 
Published: June 2018

SummaryThe influence of different osmotic solution pretreatments (sucrose and glucose with concentration of 45%) on desorption isotherms and glass transition temperatures (Tg) of mango was investigated. The Peleg model satisfactorily described the relationship between water activity (aw) and moisture content of all samples (0.992 < r2<0.997). The equilibrium moisture content of mangoes osmotically pretreated in sucrose was higher than that of samples pretreated in glucose. Differential scanning calorimetry was used to measure the Tg of samples equilibrated with different aw (0.12–0.75). The dependence of Tg on moisture content was adequately fitted by Gordon–Taylor model (0.946 < r2<0.949). The osmo‐dehydrated mangoes showed lower Tg than fresh samples at the same moisture content. Additionally, the samples osmotically pretreated in glucose showed the lowest Tg value.
Methyl jasmonate alleviates drought stress in young sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) plants
Authors: Fugate Karen K. , Lafta Abbas M. , Eide John D. , Li Guolong , Lulai Edward C. , Olson Linda L. , Deckard Edward L. , Khan Mohamed F. R. , Finger Fernando L. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractDrought is the major cause of yield and economic loss for the sugar beet crop. Mechanisms to reduce drought stress, however, are lacking as sugar beets are largely produced without irrigation and drought‐tolerant varieties are not available. As jasmonates are implicated in plant drought‐stress responses, research was conducted to determine whether methyl jasmonate (MeJA) could mitigate drought effects on sugar beet. Fourteen‐day‐old plants were treated with 0, 0.01, 0.1, 1 or 10 μM MeJA. Seven days later, half of the plants were drought‐stressed by withholding water, while control plants continued to receive water. Drought caused leaf relative water content (RWC), shoot fresh and dry weights, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (EVAP), stomatal conductance (Gs), water‐use efficiency (WUE) and PSII quantum efficiency to decline and substomatal CO2 concentration (Ci) and proline and betaine concentrations to increase. MeJA, at 1 and 10 μM, reduced moderate and severe drought effects on RWC, Pn, Ci and WUE and altered drought‐induced changes in proline accumulation, but had no effect on Gs, EVAP or betaine accumulation. Results indicate that MeJA delayed plant dehydration and protected the photosynthetic apparatus from drought‐induced impairment. Exogenous application of MeJA, therefore, alleviates drought stress on young sugar beets and may provide a tool to reduce the economic loss caused by dry conditions during early crop production.
Seed treatment with Penicillium sp. or Mn/Zn can alleviate the negative effects of cold stress in maize grown in soils dependent on soil fertility
Authors: Gómez‐Muñoz Beatriz , Lekfeldt Jonas D. S. , Magid Jakob , Jensen Lars Stoumann , de Neergaard Andreas 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMaize is becoming an increasingly important crop in northern Europe, but low temperatures during spring may hamper its growth. This effect may be caused by direct plant damage through oxidative stress or indirect damage through decreased uptake of nutrients, especially phosphorus (P), from the soil. Previous studies have indicated that treatment with micronutrients such as manganese and zinc (Mn/Zn), microbial inoculants (biostimulants) or exogenous salicylic acid can alleviate abiotic stress. Seed inoculation with microorganisms can also increase P uptake from the soil. In a pot experiment, we investigated whether the negative effects of cold stress could be alleviated by improving soil fertility (P level), inoculating seed with two different plant growth‐promoting fungi of the genus Penicillium sp., adding extra Mn/Zn at sowing or adding exogenous salicylic acid. These treatments were tested on maize plants subjected to cold stress and two different levels of soil fertility and harvested 28 and 51 days after sowing (DAS). We found that the effect of cold stress was not alleviated by improving soil fertility through the use of a more fertile (high P) soil or through fertilisation with plant‐available P in the form of triple superphosphate. Cold stress was also not alleviated by the treatment of seeds with salicylic acid. Addition of Mn/Zn and inoculation with one of the two Penicillium strains tested increased biomass production at 51 DAS (compared with the untreated control) in cold‐stressed plants grown in the high P soil, but not in the low P soil. Thus, addition of Mn/Zn and inoculation with Penicillium sp. can reduce the effects of cold stress in maize plants grown in fertile soil.
An optimal spectral model for phosphor‐converted white light‐emitting diodes used in the mesopic vision
Authors: Zheng Zi‐shan , Wang Le , Zhang Hong , Zhou Tian‐liang , Zheng Peng , Liang Pei 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWhite light‐emitting diodes (WLEDs) for road lighting are required to have both the high scotopic to photopic ratio (S/P) and color rendering index (CRI). However, there is a trade‐off between S/P and CRI, and WLEDs commonly having the S/P of 1.68‐2.38 usually exhibit a low CRI. In this work, to provide a best solution to the trade‐off problem we proposed an optimal spectral model for the phosphor‐converted WLEDs (pc‐WLEDs) aiming to figure out the optimal phosphor combination. The Monte Carlo Algorithms combined with the Genetic Algorithm were adopted to obtain the optimization of CRI and S/P by varying the spectral power distributions of WLEDs through adjusting the spectral parameters. Considering the spectral requirements of pc‐WLEDs based on the mesopic vision, we chose CaAlSiN3:Eu2+ and Y3(Ga,Al)5O12:Ce3+ as the red‐ and green‐emitting phosphors to prepare WLEDs with both high S/P and CRI, respectively. The simulation based on the optimal spectral model led to an optimal pc‐WLED with a high S/P of 2.0‐2.14, Ra > 80 and correlated color temperature (CCT) of 4000‐5000 K, which matches very well with the experimental results of S/P = 2.064, Ra = 93.9, and CCT = 4981 K for the two‐phosphor converted WLEDs. It implies that the optimal spectral model would be used effectively for the spectral design and phosphor selection for WLEDs.