bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deliberative Debates in Investors Penetration Area: A Case Study of Village Deliberation by Village Consultative Board (BPD) in Caturtunggal Village, Yogyakarta
Authors: Abd. Hamid Husen Wijaya 
Published: February 2018

<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p>This study focuses on deliberative democracy practices in Caturtunggal village, specifically in the sub-village (<em>dusun</em>) of Seturan, Karangwuni, and Ambarukmo. The study assesses the quality of deliberation in these dusun by applying the three out of five indicators of deliberative democracy theory by Fishkin (2009), namely information, subtantantive balance, and equal consideration. This study deploys qualitative descriptive method and case-study approach with in-depth interview as the main data gathering technique. This deliberation has put Village Consultative Board (BPD) period of 2013-2019 as a mediator and to consider arguments and deliberative results. Based on the indicators which proposed by Fishkin, Seturan and Ambarukmo are categorized for having semi-ideal deliberation, meanwhile Karangwuni is categorized as not ideal. The study also finds elite capture practices in Seturan and Karangwuni, but they do not impact significantly. </p></div></div></div>
A Reassessment of Genes Modulating Aging in Mice Using Demographic Measurements of the Rate of Aging
Authors: Pedro de Magalhães João , Thompson Louise , de Lima Izabella , Gaskill Dale , Li Xiaoyu , Thornton Daniel , Yang Chenhao , Palmer Daniel 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Many studies have reported genetic interventions that have an effect on mouse life span; however, it is crucial to discriminate between manipulations of aging and aging-independent causes of life extension. Here, we used the Gompertz equation to determine whether previously reported aging-related mouse genes statistically affect the demographic rate of aging. Of 30 genetic manipulations previously reported to extend life span, for only two we found evidence of retarding demographic aging: Cisd2 and hMTH1. Of 24 genetic manipulations reported to shorten life span and induce premature aging features, we found evidence of five accelerating demographic aging: Casp2, Fn1, IKK-β, JunD, and Stub1. Overall, our reassessment found that only 15% of the genetic manipulations analyzed significantly affected the demographic rate of aging as predicted, suggesting that a relatively small proportion of interventions affecting longevity do so by regulating the rate of aging. By contrast, genetic manipulations affecting longevity tend to impact on aging-independent mortality. Our meta-analysis of multiple mouse longevity studies also reveals substantial variation in the controls used across experiments, suggesting that a short life span of controls is a potential source of bias. Overall, the present work leads to a reassessment of genes affecting the aging process in mice, with broad implications for our understanding of the genetics of mammalian aging and which genes may be more promising targets for drug discovery.
A conceptual blending analysis of a metaphorical advertisement: applications in elt
Authors: Sá Elisa Mattos de 
Published: February 2018

Advances in Cognitive Linguistics have focused on the centrality of meaning and conceptual structure in human language (Evans & Green, 2006; Geeraerts, 2006), placing phenomena such as metaphor as central to human cognition (Lakoff, 2006; Lakoff & Johnson, 1980). This paper analyzes the process of meaning construction of a metaphorical print advertisement in which cognitive operations of conceptual integration (cf. Fauconnier & Turner, 2002) can be mapped through the interplay between verbal and nonverbal language. Seeing that adverts can provide learners with real-life communicative opportunities for language development due to theirup-to-date language, cultural-bound content, and creative discourse techniques (Mishan, 2005; Picken, 2000; 1999), this paper additionally provides four pedagogical applications of the chosen advertisement in English Language Teaching, drawing on the principles of the theoreticalframework presented.
Pantoprazole, an Inhibitor of the Organic Cation Transporter 2, Does Not Ameliorate Cisplatin-Related Ototoxicity or Nephrotoxicity in Children and Adolescents with Newly Diagnosed Osteosarcoma Treated with Methotrexate, Doxorubicin, and Cisplatin
Authors: Fox Elizabeth , Levin Kristin , Zhu Yan , Segers Blair , Balamuth Naomi , Womer Richard , Bagatell Rochelle , Balis Frank 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

Lessons Learned
Using a randomized crossover design and continuous variables such as change in hearing threshold and biomarkers of acute renal injury as short-term endpoints, it was determined that pantoprazole, an organic cation transporter 2 inhibitor, did not ameliorate cisplatin-associated nephrotoxicity or ototoxicity. Cystatin C is a robust method to estimate glomerular filtration rate in patients with cancer. Using a patient-reported outcome survey, all patients identified tinnitus and subjective hearing loss occurring “at least rarely” after cycle 1, prior to objective high-frequency hearing loss measured by audiograms. New therapies that improve outcome with less acute and long-term toxicity are needed.

Background
Organic cation transporter 2 (OCT2), which is a cisplatin uptake transporter expressed on renal tubules and cochlear hair cells but not on osteosarcoma cells, mediates cisplatin uptake. Pantoprazole inhibits OCT2 and could ameliorate cisplatin ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Using a randomized crossover design, we evaluated audiograms, urinary acute kidney injury (AKI) biomarkers, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimated from cystatin C (GFRcysC) in patients receiving cisplatin with and without pantoprazole.

Materials and Methods
Cisplatin (60 mg/m2 × 2 days per cycle) was administered concurrently with pantoprazole (intravenous [IV], 1.6 mg/kg over 4 hours) on cycles 1 and 2 or cycles 3 and 4 in 12 patients with osteosarcoma (OS) with a median (range) age of 12.8 (5.6–19) years. Audiograms, urinary AKI biomarkers, and serum cystatin C were monitored during each cycle.

Results
Pantoprazole had no impact on decrements in hearing threshold at 4–8 kHz, post-treatment elevation of urinary AKI biomarkers, or GFRcysC (Fig. 1, Table 1). Histological response (percent necrosis) after two cycles was similar with or without pantoprazole. All eight patients with localized OS at diagnosis are alive and in remission; three of four patients with metastases at diagnosis have died.

Conclusion
Pantoprazole did not ameliorate cisplatin ototoxicity or nephrotoxicity. The decrease in GFRcysC and increase in N-acetyl-ß-glucosaminidase (NAG) and creatinine demonstrate that these biomarkers can quantify cisplatin glomerular and proximal tubular toxicity. OCT2 inhibition by pantoprazole did not appear to alter antitumor response or survival.
Diagnosis and management of radio opaque nasal foreign bodies in children
Authors: P. Satish Kumar , V. J. Vikram , N. Mannarmannan , R. Bhavani 
Published: February 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Nasal foreign body impaction is a common problem in paediatric population. Children are more affected because they have tendency to put anything in the nose or by their playmates. This study is about the various radio opaque nasal foreign bodies we encountered and their management. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">A retrospective study between January 2013 - January 2015, at Institute of child health/Madras Medical College, Chennai, was done in paediatric patients, who have accidently inserted the radio opaque foreign body in their nostrils. The case record were analysed for the nature of radio opaque nasal foreign body, the symptoms, complications encountered. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">There were 11 patients with radio opaque foreign body in our study. The most common age group was between 1 to 5 years 7 patients were in this age group. The type of foreign was button battery were 5 in number, safety pins 4, marble 1, bolt 1. All the patients were brought to hospital within 4 hours of insertion. We did not encounter any complications while removal of the nasal foreign bodies. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Nasal foreign bodies are a common problem among children’s. The foreign body retrieval can be posing a great challenge to the otorhinolaryngologists. The radio opaque foreign body especially button battery, if not removed may lead to serious complications like septal perforation.</span></p><p class="abstract"> </p>
Adolescent Pregnancy Prevention Among Youths Living in Group Care Homes: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Oman Roy F. , Vesely Sara K. , Green Jennifer , Clements-Nolle Kristen , Lu Minggen 
Published: February 2018

Objectives. To determine if the Power Through Choices (PTC) intervention can increase the use of birth control and reduce pregnancy among system-involved youths living in group care homes. Methods. We performed a 2-arm cluster randomized controlled trial involving group care homes operated by child welfare or juvenile justice systems in California, Maryland, and Oklahoma with assessments immediately before and after the intervention, and at 6- and 12-month follow-up. We collected data from 2012 to 2014 via self-administered questionnaires. Participants (n = 1036) were young (mean age = 16.1 years), predominantly male (79%), racially/ethnically diverse (37% Hispanic, 20% Black, 21% White, 17% multiracial), and sexually experienced (88%). Results. At 6-month follow-up, participants in the intervention group had significantly lower odds of having recent sexual intercourse without using birth control (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.72; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.52, 0.98). At 12-month follow-up assessment, participants in the intervention group had significantly lower odds of ever being pregnant or getting someone pregnant (AOR = 0.67; 95% CI = 0.46, 0.99). Conclusions. The results suggest that PTC is an effective sexual health education intervention that can be implemented with system-involved youths who represent a sexually experienced multiracial youth population.
Chronic Osteomyelitis with Staphylococcus aureus Deformation in Submicron Canaliculi of Osteocytes
Authors: de Mesy Bentley Karen L. , MacDonald Ashlee , Schwarz Edward M. , Oh Irvin 
Published: February 2018

Case:
A patient presenting with an infected diabetic foot ulcer and Staphylococcus aureus chronic osteomyelitis was studied to validate the clinical importance of bacterial colonization of osteocytic-canalicular networks, as we recently reported in a mouse model. We utilized transmission electron microscopy to describe the deformation of S. aureus, from round cocci to rod-shaped bacteria, in the submicron osteocytic-canalicular networks of amputated bone tissue.

Conclusion:
To our knowledge, this is the first evidence of S. aureus deformation and invasion of the osteocytic-canalicular system in human bone, which supports a new mechanism of persistence in the pathogenesis of chronic osteomyelitis.
Estimating scenarios for domestic water demand under drought conditions in England and Wales
Authors: Anderson B. , Manouseli D. , Nagarajan M. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
This paper presents preliminary results from the development of the IMPETUS model, a domestic water demand microsimulation model which was developed to estimate the results of a range of scenarios of domestic demand under drought conditions. The model is intended to enable water resource management practitioners to assess the likely impact of potential interventions in particular catchment areas. It has been designed to be driven by seasonal catchment level forecasts of potential hydrological droughts based on innovative climate and groundwater models. The current version of the model is driven by reconstructed historical drought data for the Colne catchment in the east of England from 1995 to 2014. This provides a framework of five drought phases (Normal, Developing, Drought, Severe Drought and Recovering) which are mapped to policy driven interventions such as increased provision of water efficiency technologies and temporary water-use bans. The model uses UK Census 2011 data to develop a synthetic household population that matches the socio-demographics of the catchment and it microsimulates (at the household level) the consequences of water efficiency interventions retrospectively (1995–2014). Demand estimates for reconstructed drought histories demonstrate that the model is able to adequately estimate end-use water consumption. Also, the potential value of the model in supporting cost-benefit analysis of specific interventions is illustrated. We conclude by discussing future directions for the work.
Znaczenie językowe i kontekst z perspektywy kontekstualizmu i minimalizmu semantycznego
Authors: Buczkowska Janina 
Published: February 2018

Artykuł nawiązuje do jednej z najbardziej intensywnych dyskusji we współczesnej filozofii języka, jaką jest spór o zasięg i charakter wpływu kontekstu wypowiedzi na znaczenie użytych w niej wyrażeń, gdzie kontekst jest rozumiany bardzo ogólnie, jako „zewnętrzne okoliczności, które wykorzystywane są przez uczestników sytuacji komunikacyjnej do określenia pewnej własności pewnej jednostki językowej”. Jest to w istocie spór o autonomię semantyki. Spornymi stanowiskami w toczonej debacie są kontekstualizm i minimalizm semantyczny. Zaproponowane ujęcie wypowiedzi jako celowego i racjonalnego aktu komunikacji, w którym wyrażenie językowe i kontekst stanowią odrębne źródła informacji będącej przedmiotem interpretacji wypowiedzi, pozwoliło bardziej szczegółowo określić rolę kontekstu i znaczenia językowego w determinowaniu treści wypowiedzi. Z tej perspektywy została przeprowadzona analiza wypowiedzi zdania ‘Jan jest wysoki’ w trzech różnych kontekstach, co pozwoliło lepiej ocenić siłę argumentów badanych stanowisk. Rozważania zostały przeprowadzone jako próba obrony minimalizmu semantycznego, który utrzymuje, że grupa wyrażeń, których znaczenia zależą od kontekstu, ogranicza się do typowych wyrażeń okazjonalnych. Wpływ kontekstu na wyrażenia spoza tej grupy zaznacza się jedynie na płaszczyźnie pragmatycznej. Procesy pragmatyczne nie zmieniają znaczenia językowego wyrażeń użytych do sformułowania wypowiedzi, a jedynie wpływają na interpretację wypowiedzi. Zdania języka po usunięciu typowych wyrażeń okazjonalnych wyrażają sądy minimalne i nie wymagają dodatkowej informacji kontekstowej. Minimalizm semantyczny pozostaje w opozycji do stanowiska kontekstualizmu głoszącego, że niemal wszystkie wyrażenia języka naturalnego są wrażliwe na kontekst, który moduluje ich znaczenie na poziomie semantycznym. Zgodnie ze stanowiskiem kontekstualizmu zdania języka, takie jak np. ‘Jan jest wysoki’, nie mają określonych warunków prawdziwości, gdyż warunki prawdziwości można przypisać tylko konkretnym wypowiedziom, a nie zdaniom rozumianym jako wyrażenia językowe. Przeprowadzona analiza użycia w różnych kontekstach zdania należącego do spornej grupy dostarcza argumentów na rzecz minimalizmu semantycznego. Pokazuje ona, że zarówno samo słowo ‘wysoki’ posiada pewną treść wspólną dla wszystkich kontekstów i odniesień, jak też zdanie ‘Jan jest wysoki’ formułuje pewien sąd minimalny o określonych warunkach prawdziwości.
Pyrazole Schiff Base Hybrids as Anti-Malarial Agents: Synthesis, In Vitro Screening and Computational Study
Authors: Aggarwal Shilpy , Paliwal Deepika , Kaushik Dhirender , Gupta Girish Kumar , Kumar Ajay 
Published: February 2018

Background:
Malaria is one of the most vital infectious diseases caused by protozoan
parasites of the Plasmodium genus. As P. falciparum, the cause of most of the severe cases of
malaria, is increasingly resistant to available drugs such as amodioquine, chloroquine, artemisinin,
and antifolates, there is an urgent need to identify new targets for chemotherapy.

Objective:
This study screened novel pyrazole derivatives carrying iminium & benzothiazole group
for antimalarial potential against P. falciparum chloroquine sensitive (3D7) strain.

Materials & Methods:
Several pyrazole schiff base hybrids with a wide range of substitution have
been synthesized via condensation of substituted aniline with substituted 4-formylpyrazole and
evaluated for their in vitro antimalarial activity against asexual blood stages of human malaria
parasite, Plasmodium falciparum. The interaction of these conjugate hybrids was also investigated
by molecular docking studies in the binding site of P. falciparum cystein protease falcipain-2. The
pharmacokinetic properties were also studied using ADME prediction.

Results:
Among all compounds, 6bf and 6bd were found to be potential molecules with EC50
1.95µg/ml and 1.98µg/ml respectively. Docking study results reveal that the pyrazole schiff base
derivatives occupy the PfFP binding sites and they show good interactions with significant values of
binding energies.

Conclusion:
We provide evidence which implicates pyrazole Schiff base hybrids as potential
prototypes for the development of antimalarial agents.
Quantification of Newly Discovered Anti-Cancer Drug Enzalutamide in Bulk and Synthetic Mixture by Stability Indicating TLC Method
Authors: Prajapati Dharmendra Jayantibhai , Chhalotiya Usmangani Khalilurraheman , Prajapati Minesh Dahyabhai , Patel Jalpa Upendrabhai , Desai Jaineel Vinodrai 
Published: February 2018

Objective:An impressionable, discriminatory and precise stability indicating high performance thin layer chromatographic method has been developed and validated for the estimation of Enzalutamide in bulk and synthetic mixture.Method:The method engaged HPTLC aluminium plates pre-coated with silica gel 60F-254 as the stationary phase while the solvent system was ethyl acetate: toluene (4.5:5.5, v/v). The Rf value of enzalutamide was detected to be 0. 39 &amp;#177; 0. 005 and the densitometric analysis was carried out in absorbance mode at 246 nm. The linear regression analysis data for the calibration plots presented a virtuous linear relationship for enzalutamide over a concentration range of 20 - 1000ng/band.Results:The limit of detection and limit of quantification for enzalutamide was found to be 9.05 and 27.43 ng/band. Enzalutamide was imperilled to acid and alkali hydrolysis, chemical oxidation, dry heat degradation and photolytic degradation. The degraded product peaks were well resolved from the pure drug peak with substantial difference in their Rf values.Conclusion:Stressed samples were assayed using developed TLC technique. Suggested method was validated with respect to linearity, accuracy, precision and robustness. The method was successfully applied to the estimation of enzalutamide in synthetic mixture.<P&gt;
Pharmacokinetic Study of Main Active Components of Rumex nepalensis Spreng Extract in Rats Plasma by UPLC-MS/MS
Authors: Wang Jin , Chu Yang , Li Xiao , Polachi Navaneethakrishnan , Yan Xue-ying , Li Wei , Zhou Shui-ping 
Published: February 2018

Background:
The Rumex nepalensis Spreng (RNS) is a traditional Chinese medicine containing
rich anthraquinones. However, through proper investigation we have found that there were no
reports on the pharmacokinetics of RNS extract in rats.
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Objective: We study on the pharmacokinetic behaviors of emodin, chrysophanol and physcion after oral
administration of RNS extract in rat to achieve a better understanding of further clinical application and
conduct the preparation development of the herb.

Methods:
In the present study, a sensitive and rapid ultra-fast liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
(UPLC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated to determine the three anthraquinones
such as chrysophanol, emodin and physcion in rat plasma along with danthron as the internal standard
(IS). The analytes and IS were separated on an Acquity UPLC HSS T3 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.8
µm) by using the mobile phase of water with 3 mM ammonium acetate and acetonitrile as gradient elution
at a flow rate of 0.4 mL min -1. The detection was performed on a triple quadrupole tandem mass
spectrometer equipped with electrospray ionization (ESI) by multiple reactions monitoring (MRM) of
the transitions at m/z 253.1 → 225.0 for chrysophanol, 269.0 → 224.9 for emodin, 282.7→ 240.0 for
physcion and m/z 239.0 → 211.0 for IS. The limit of detection and lower limit of quantification were
both 2 ng mL -1 in rat plasma.

Results:
Good linearity of this method was obtained in the range of 2-1000 ng mL -1 , and the correlation
coefficient was greater than 0.990. According to regulatory guidelines, the established method was
fully validated, and the results were within acceptable limits.

Conclusion:
The validated method was successfully applied into a pharmacokinetic study of orally
administered RNS extract in rats.
Design and Analysis of Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducer
Authors: Sharma Rashmi , Agarwal Rekha , Dubey Ashwani Kumar , Arora Anil 
Published: February 2018

Background:Objective:To simulate a Micromechanical systems (MEMS) based CMUT working as a transmitter with the existing design and provide comparison within the possible architectural geometries.Methods:FEM simulation software COMSOL is used to simulate the 3D model of the transducer radiating in the air. The classical thin-plate theory is employed to solve for CMUT with a circular shape which is sufficient when the ratio of the diameter to thickness of the plate is very large, an aspect common in CMUTs. The Galerkin-weighted residual technique is used to get a solution for thin plate equation with the presumption that the deflections are small in comparison to the thickness of the plate.Results:The resonant frequency of CMUT with different geometries have been calculated. The deflection of membrane with applied DC bias is shown along with collapse voltage calculation. The generated ultrasound is shown with the AC bias superimposed on the DC bias. The capacitance change with the increasing DC voltage is discussed. The deflection of membrane is maximum as the resonance frequency is proved.Conclusion:The review of Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducer architectures with different shapes is highlighted. The working behavior of CMUT with suitable dimension is simulated in 3D providing researcher data to wisely choose the CMUT prior to the fabrication. The CMUT is prioritized on various characteristics like wafer area utilization, deflection percentage within the cavity and durability of the transducer.
BOOSTING STUDENTS’ PRONUNCIATION THROUGH SONG DICTATION
Authors: Ikhsan Muhammad Khairi 
Published: February 2018

<p>Most of EFL students argue that pronunciation is one of English components that is quite difficult to be mastered. It is proven by most students of English that the writer taught at College of Teacher Training and education (STKIP) PGRI West Sumatera. They get some difficulties in pronouncing particular words like the sounds of vowels, consonants, and diphthongs. It happened because most of sounds in English are not found in Indonesian contexts. To overcome this problem, the writer promotes an alternative way so that the students’ pronunciation can be better and improved. The way that the writer means is using song dictation.</p>