bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A 10‐year prevalence of congenital hypothyroidism in Khorramabad (Urban Western Iran)
Authors: Taee Nadereh , Faraji Goodarzi Mojgan , Safdari Mohammad , Bajelan Amir 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundCongenital hypothyroidism in infants is the cause of mental retardation in children, it can be detected in patient and treated at a relatively cheap rate, preventing patient retard. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of congenital hypothyroidism among Khorramabad children.MethodsIn the present study, we identified all patients who had received levothyroxine prescriptions during the study period (2007–2017). Using this as a congenital hypothyroidism surrogate marker, we considered the congenital hypothyroidism prevalence in children above 3 years.ResultsOf 574 patients who had received levothyroxine during the neonatal period up to 3 years, the results of one‐variable logistic regression analysis showed that the chance of temporary disease in children with small thyroid ultrasonography was 62% less, than for those without problems, and this difference was significant. The chance of temporary disease in children who had other cases was 87% less than those without problems, and this difference was statistically significant.ConclusionThe overall prevalence of congenital hypothyroidism in young patients up to 3 years is 0.143%, these values are at least twice those of previous estimates. This proposes an elevation in autoimmune thyroid disease, which is similitude to the rising prevalence of diabetes type 1, which possibly indicates a rising incidence of autoimmunity in youth.
Dietary Manganese Exposure in the Adult Population in Germany—What Does it Mean in Relation to Health Risks?
Authors: Sachse Benjamin , Kolbaum Anna Elena , Ziegenhagen Rainer , Andres Susanne , Berg Katharina , Dusemund Birgit , Hirsch‐Ernst Karen Ildico , Kappenstein Oliver , Müller Frederic , Röhl Claudia , Lindtner Oliver , Lampen Alfonso , Schäfer Bernd 
Published: June 2019

AbstractManganese is both an essential nutrient and a potential neurotoxicant. Therefore, the question arises whether the dietary manganese intake in the German population is on the low or high side. Results from a pilot total diet study in Germany presented here reveal that the average dietary manganese intake in the general population in Germany aged 14–80 years is about 2.8 mg day−1 for a person of 70 kg body weight. This exposure level is within the intake range of 2–5 mg per person and day as recommended by the societies for nutrition in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. No information on the dietary exposure of children in Germany can be provided so far. Although reliable information on health effects related to oral manganese exposure is limited, there is no indication from the literature that these dietary intake levels are associated with adverse health effects either by manganese deficiency or excess. However, there is limited evidence that manganese taken up as a highly bioavailable bolus, for example, uptake via drinking water or food supplements, could pose a potential risk to human health—particularly in certain subpopulations—when certain intake amounts, which are currently not well defined, are exceeded.
Reduced edge‐to‐edge spaced MIMO antenna using parallel coupled line resonator for WLAN applications
Authors: Mark Robert , Singh Harsh Verdhan , Mandal Kaushik , Das Soma 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn this paper, a pair of parasitic parallel coupled line resonators (PCLR) is printed between the two patches that reduce the mutual coupling in multiple‐input‐multiple‐output (MIMO) antenna system. The proposed design offers reduced edge‐to‐edge spacing of 3.5 mm (0.066λo, λo is the free space wavelength) at 5.7 GHz. The proposed decoupling structure of length 0.49λo and area 0.05λo × 0.49λo consists of a pair of parallel coupled lines, placed between the antenna elements and provides a band stop properties over the desired operating band that helps to eradicate the near coupled field. The PCLR decoupling structure helps to improve the isolation and bandwidth by 16 dB and 0.22 GHz, respectively, at the resonating frequency without any change in radiation characteristics of the MIMO system. Moreover, the antenna system yields a good broadside gain of 6.43 dBi, efficiency 70–85%, with acceptable channel diversity performances over the entire operating band (5.47–5.9 GHz). Good agreements between the simulated and measured results make the proposed design approach suitable for a closely packed MIMO system.
Potential roles of nuclear receptors in mediating neurodevelopmental toxicity of known endocrine‐disrupting chemicals in ascidian embryos
Authors: Gomes Isa D. L. , Gazo Ievgeniia , Besnardeau Lydia , Hebras Céline , McDougall Alex , Dumollard Rémi 
Published: June 2019

AbstractEndocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) are molecules able to interfere with the vertebrate hormonal system in different ways, a major one being the modification of the activity of nuclear receptors (NRs). Several NRs are expressed in the vertebrate brain during embryonic development and these NRs are suspected to be responsible for the neurodevelopmental defects induced by exposure to EDCs in fishes or amphibians and to participate in several neurodevelopmental disorders observed in humans.Known EDCs exert toxicity not only on vertebrate forms of marine life but also on marine invertebrates. However, because hormonal systems of invertebrates are poorly understood, it is not clear whether the teratogenic effects of known EDCs are because of endocrine disruption. The most conserved actors of endocrine systems are the NRs which are present in all metazoan genomes but their functions in invertebrate organisms are still insufficiently characterized. EDCs like bisphenol A have recently been shown to affect neurodevelopment in marine invertebrate chordates called ascidians. Because such phenotypes can be mediated by NRs expressed in the ascidian embryo, we review all the information available about NRs expression during ascidian embryogenesis and discuss their possible involvement in the neurodevelopmental phenotypes induced by EDCs.
Metabolomic profile as a noninvasive adjunct tool for the diagnosis of Grades III and IV endometriosis‐related infertility
Authors: Braga Daniela P. A. F. , Montani Daniela A. , Setti Amanda S. , Turco Edson G. Lo , Oliveira‐Silva Diogo , Borges Edson 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe aim of the present case‐control study was to develop a noninvasive adjuvant tool for the diagnosis of endometriosis. Serum samples from 100 patients undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection were split into two groups according to the cause of infertility: an endometriosis group (n = 50), consisting of samples derived from patients with Grade III and IV endometriosis, and a control group (n = 50), comprising samples derived from patients with isolated male factor infertility. The metabolomic profile of each sample was obtained, through mass spectrometry. Partial least squares discriminant analysis was able to clearly classify the endometriosis and control groups. Ten potential biomarkers were selected based on their importance for model prediction. These ions were used to build the receiver‐operating characteristic curve, which presented an area under the curve of 0.904 (95% confidence interval: 0.796–0.985). To validate the model, 30 other samples from infertile women without any evidence of endometriosis were tested. Considering these ions as possible biomarkers, the model was able to correctly classify 84% of the patients. Finally, a similar prediction potential was observed in the model validated set, when samples from the disease‐free group were tested. Serum metabolomics may be useful as a noninvasive adjunct tool for the selection of patients who must undergo laparoscopy for definitive endometriosis diagnosis.
LIN28B regulates androgen receptor in human trophoblast cells through Let‐7c
Authors: McWhorter Erin S. , West Rachel C. , Russ Jennifer E. , Ali Asghar , Winger Quinton A. , Bouma Gerrit J. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractLIN28B is an RNA‐binding protein necessary for maintaining pluripotency in stem cells and plays an important role in trophoblast cell differentiation. LIN28B action on target gene function often involves the Let‐7 miRNA family. Previous work in cancer cells revealed that LIN28 through Let‐7 miRNA regulates expression of androgen receptor (AR). Considering the similarities between cancer and trophoblast cells, we hypothesize that LIN28B also is necessary for the presence of AR in human trophoblast cells. The human first‐trimester trophoblast cell line, ACH‐3P was used to evaluate the regulation of AR by LIN28B, and a LIN28B knockdown cell line was constructed using lentiviral‐based vectors. LIN28B knockdown in ACH‐3P cells resulted in significantly decreased levels of AR and increased levels of Let‐7 miRNAs. Moreover, treatment of ACH‐3P cells with Let‐7c mimic, but not Let‐7e or Let‐7f, resulted in a significant reduction in LIN28B and AR. Finally, forskolin‐induced syncytialization and Let‐7c treatment both resulted in increased expression of syncytiotrophoblast marker ERVW‐1 and a significant decrease in AR in ACH‐3P. These data reveal that LIN28B regulates AR levels in trophoblast cells likely through its inhibitory actions on let‐7c, which may be necessary for trophoblast cell differentiation into the syncytiotrophoblast.
Who coupled which stream(s)? Policy entrepreneurship and innovation in the energy–water nexus in Gujarat, India
Authors: Goyal Nihit , Howlett Michael , Chindarkar Namrata 
Published: June 2019

SummaryAlthough policy entrepreneurship is essential for fostering policy innovations to achieve sustainable development, the literature has conflated different types of entrepreneurship and disaggregated it using inconsistent terminology. We conceptualize entrepreneurship using a six‐stream variant of the multiple streams framework (MSF)—which addresses key limitations of the original MSF—to examine entrepreneurial activities in the case of theJyotigram Yojana, a widely recognized policy innovation for managing the energy–water nexus in Gujarat, India. We find that whereas policy and political entrepreneurship no doubt played a significant role in coupling the streams and fostering this policy innovation, the process broker, program champion, and technology innovator were also important in policy formulation, implementation, and “success.” We conclude that the six‐stream variant of MSF is useful for identifying and distinguishing various types of entrepreneurship involved in policy innovation for sustainability.
A methodological approach for the simultaneous quantification of glycerol and fatty acids from cork suberin in a single GC run
Authors: Marques António V. , Pereira Helena 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIntroductionSuberin, as part of plant protective barriers, is one of the most important natural polymers after cellulose and lignin. For a full elucidation of suberin structure the quantification of glycerol, fatty α,ω‐diacids and ω‐hydroxyacids, the major building blocks of suberin, is of primary importance. Glycerol is often lost in the most used analytical procedures or rarely determined by deficient or too laborious techniques.ObjectivesPropose a simple, accessible and reliable methanolysis work‐up procedure for an accurate and simultaneous quantification of glycerol and suberin fatty monomers in the same GC run.Material and methodsCork from Quercus suber L. was depolymerised by methanolysis. Glycerol was derivatised to an organic soluble form before the suberin monomers recovery in water/organic solvent partition. Gas chromatography flame ionisation detector (GC‐FID) response factors were determined for glycerol, ferulic acid and one for each fatty monomer substructure. Additionally, 1,2,4‐butanetriol and methyl nonadecanoate were used as internal standards.ResultsThe proposed experimental approach allowed the glycerol and all the fatty suberin monomers in the same GC run to be quantified accurately. Glycerol represented 30.6 area%, 14.2 mass% and 38.4 molar% of suberin and the COOH/OH groups ratio was 0.6:1 in the proposed experimental approach in contrast with 0.10 area% and COOH/OH ratio of 3:1 in the most used protocol. Furthermore, ω‐hydroxyacids/α,ω‐diacids mass ratio was 1:1 as opposed to an area ratio of 1.5:1.ConclusionThe proposed work‐up procedure revealed to be a reliable analytical tool for the complete analysis of suberin allowing the future knowledge to grow towards a better understanding of suberin structure throughout its range and variability.
Subtly adjusted active layer self‐assembly process for efficient organic solar cells
Authors: Wang Jian , Sun Qianqian , Xiao Jing , Zhu Mei , Chen Liang , Chen Jun 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe phase separation degree of active layers plays a vital role in enhancing the power conversion efficiency of organic solar cells. Two post treatments were employed to optimize the phase separation degree of active layers by subtly adjusting the self‐assembly process for SMPV1:PC71BM based active layers (SMPV1, 2,6‐bis[2,5‐bis(3‐octylrhodanine)‐(3,3‐dioctyl‐2,2':5,2''‐terthiophene)]‐4,8‐bis((5‐ethylhexyl)thiophen‐2‐yl)benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b']dithiophene; PC71BM, [6,6]‐phenyl‐C71‐butyric acid methyl ester). In this work, a power conversion efficiency of 7.93% was obtained for devices with an as‐cast active layer, which is close to the highest values reported for SMPV1 based devices. The power conversion efficiency was further increased to 8.64% or 8.99% for active layers with thermal annealing or thermal annealing together with solvent vapor annealing, respectively. The enhanced performance is mainly attributed to more efficient photon harvesting and charge transport induced by the post annealing treatment of the active layers. The face‐on molecular orientation of SMPV1 is increased for active layers with post annealing treatment, which is beneficial for charge transport along directions perpendicular to the substrate. This work further confirms the positive effect of post annealing treatment on the performance improvement of organic solar cells. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
“Man in the driving seat”: A grounded theory study of the psychosocial experiences of Black African and Black Caribbean men treated for prostate cancer and their partners
Authors: Bamidele Olufikayo , McGarvey Helen , Lagan Briege M. , Parahoo Kader , Chinegwundoh MBE Frank , McCaughan Eilís 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveEvidence suggests that treatment side‐effects of prostate cancer (CaP) substantially affect the psychosocial well‐being of affected men and their partners. However, this phenomenon is poorly understood among high risk (1 in 4) Black African (BA)/Black Caribbean (BC) men and their partners, as they are currently under‐represented in global research on CaP survivorship. This study explored the psychosocial experiences of BA/BC men with CaP and their partners in the United Kingdom as they lived through the side effects of CaP treatment within their own sociocultural and marital contexts.MethodsUsing constructivist grounded theory methodology, interviews and focus groups were conducted with eligible men (n = 25), partners (n = 11), and health care professionals (HCPs) (n = 11) recruited in England. Data were iteratively analysed using constant comparison following the key stages of initial, focused, and theoretical coding until saturation was achieved.ResultsData analysis culminated in the development of a substantive theory “man in the driving seat,” which describes the experiences of BA/BC men with CaP and their partners within their context. Culturally informed gender roles and identities influenced how men and partners responded and coped with the side effects of CaP treatment. There was a hierarchy of power within the BA/BC relationship, in which men were dominantly positioned as leaders, whilst partners mostly operated from a supportive but “accepting” position.ConclusionInclusive and culturally sensitive individual and couple‐focused psychosocial support, which is devoid of stereotyping and recognises the experiences of both BA/BC men and their partners is recommended.
Patterns, relevance, and predictors of dyadic mental health over time in lung cancer
Authors: Lee Christopher S. , Lyons Karen S. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo identify distinct patterns of dyadic mental health in a sample of lung cancer dyads over 12 months and associations with other health characteristics and individual, dyadic, and familial predictors.MethodsA sample of 113 patient‐care partner dyads living with nonsmall cell lung cancer were examined five times over 12 months. An integrative multilevel and mixture modeling approach was used to generate dyadic mental health summaries and identify common dyadic patterns of mental health over time, respectively.ResultsThree distinct patterns of dyadic mental health were observed: a congruent pattern (32.7%) characterized by almost identical mental health between members of the dyad, a disparate pattern (29.2%) characterized by better mental health of the patient compared with the care partner, and a parallel pattern (38.1%) characterized by care partner patterns of improvement and greater similarity in mental health over time. Membership of patterns was associated with physical health characteristics of both patient and care partner, levels of patient concealment regarding worries and concerns, and relationship quality reported by the care partner. Patterns did not differ by patient gender, care partner strain, or levels of social support.ConclusionsFindings emphasize the importance of examining patterns of dyadic mental health to identify dyads most at risk so we may optimize the health of the dyad in tailored ways.
Social support as a moderator in the relationship between intrusive thoughts and anxiety among Spanish‐speaking Latinas with breast cancer
Authors: Escalera Cristian , Santoyo‐Olsson Jasmine , Stewart Anita L. , Ortiz Carmen , Nápoles Anna Maria 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveIntrusive thoughts, defined as unwanted and recurrent thoughts about a stressful experience, are associated with psychological distress in women with breast cancer. This study assessed moderating effects of various social support dimensions on associations between intrusive thoughts and psychological distress among Latina breast cancer survivors.MethodsWe used baseline data from a randomized controlled trial of a stress management intervention delivered to 151 Spanish‐speaking Latinas with nonmetastatic breast cancer within 1 year of diagnosis. Intrusive thoughts, four dimensions of social support (emotional/informational, tangible, affectionate, and positive social interaction), and symptoms of anxiety and depression were assessed through in‐person interviews. Information on age, time since diagnosis, breast cancer variables, history of depression, and marital status served as covariates. Generalized linear models were used to investigate bivariate and multivariate associations and to explore moderation effects of the four dimensions of social support.ResultsIn bivariate models, intrusive thoughts were associated positively with depression (β = .024, .001) and anxiety (β = .047, P < .001) symptoms. Adjusting for other factors, intrusive thoughts remained associated with depression symptoms (β = .022, .008), regardless of level of social support (for all support dimensions). For anxiety, there were significant interactions of tangible (β = −.013, .034) and affectionate (β = −.022, .005) support with intrusive thoughts. Intrusive thoughts were associated more strongly with anxiety symptoms among women reporting less tangible and affectionate support than those with higher levels of these types of support.ConclusionsTangible and affectionate support have protective effects on anxiety symptoms among Spanish‐speaking Latina breast cancer survivors experiencing intrusive thoughts, but not depression symptoms.
Efficacy of afidopyropen against soybean aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and toxicity to natural enemies
Authors: Koch Robert L , da Silva Queiroz Obiratanea , Aita Rafael Carlesso , Hodgson Erin W , Potter Bruce D , Nyoike Teresia , Ellers‐Kirk Christa D 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDSoybean aphid, Aphis glycines (Hemiptera: Aphididae), remains the most significant soybean insect pest in the North Central Region of the USA. The sustainability of reliance on only a few insecticide groups for this pest is questionable. We evaluate afidopyropen, a novel pyropene insecticide (Group 9D), for efficacy against A. glycines in field and greenhouse experiments and toxicity to common natural enemies in laboratory experiments.RESULTSAcross 4 site‐years of field experiments and a greenhouse experiment, afidopyropen reduced A. glycines populations similar to commonly used broad‐spectrum [i.e. lambda‐cyhalothrin (Group 3A) and chlorpyrifos (Group 1B)] insecticides and potential selective insecticides [i.e. sulfoxaflor (Group 4C) and flupyradifurone (Group 4D)]. In the greenhouse, however, A. glycines mortality was delayed slightly for afidopyropen compared to the other insecticides. In laboratory experiments with natural enemies of A. glycines, afidopyropen was not toxic to adult or third instar Hippodamia convergens (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) or adult Orius insidiosus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae), and was only moderately toxic to Aphelinus certus (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae).CONCLUSIONAfidopyropen is effective against A. glycines and relatively non‐toxic to natural enemies, and appears to be an effective option for integrated pest management and insecticide resistance management programs for A. glycines. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Cost of ownership assessment for a da Vinci robot based on US real‐world data
Authors: Feldstein Josh , Schwander Bjoern , Roberts Mark , Coussons Herbert 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundDespite growth of robotic surgery, published literature lacks assessment of the cost of ownership (CoO) of a da Vinci robot by surgical service line and the associated benefit such data provides.MethodsBased on real‐world data (RWD) from 14 US hospitals and ≈6000 da Vinci robotic cases, CoO was assessed using all relevant fixed and variable cost components, calculated by surgical service line.ResultsAt a representative hospital with an efficient robotic program (n = 424 cases), the weighted average fixed cost per case was $984. Weighted average variable cost per case was $8025 (range: $3325 for Cholecystectomy—multiport, to $16 986 for Rectal Resection). Assessing weighted average by case, main variable cost drivers were non‐da Vinci supplies (49.5%), staff costs (28.6%), and da Vinci supplies (21.9%).ConclusionsCase mix, annual robotic case volumes, and cut‐to‐close/patient‐in‐room time by surgical service line represent core variables influencing robotic program CoO, which help drive profitable program management.