bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial activity of endodontic sealers and medications containing chitosan and silver nanoparticles against Enterococcus faecalis
Authors: Loyola-Rodríguez Juan Pablo , Torres-Méndez Fernando , Espinosa-Cristobal León Francisco , García-Cortes José Obed , Loyola-Leyva Alejandra , González Francisco Javier , Soto-Barreras Uriel , Nieto-Aguilar Renato , Contreras-Palma Guillermo 
Published: August 2019

Background: The main microorganism associated with the failure of endodontic treatments is Enterococcus faecalis. Although several endodontic therapeutics have demonstrated antimicrobial activity against E. faecalis, the antimicrobial effectiveness of chitosan (CsNPs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) included into conventional endodontic sealers for endodontic therapies is still unclear. Aim: The objective of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity increment (AAI) of endodontic sealers containing CsNPs and AgNPs as well as some chemical components against E. faecalis by direct contact assays. Methods: CsNPs and AgNPs were synthesized by reduction and ionic gelation methods, respectively. Nanoparticles were characterized by dynamic light scattering and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The bactericidal activity was tested on monolayers on agar plates and collagen membrane surface assays against E. faecalis. Results: The size of CsNPs was 70.6±14.8 nm and zeta potential was 52.0±5.4 mV; the size of AgNPs was 54.2±8.5 nm, and zeta potential was –48.4±6.9 mV. All materials, single or combined, showed an AAI, especially when CsNPs, chlorhexidine (Chx), and the combination of CsNPs-Chx were added. However, the combination of CsNPs-Chx showed the highest (55%) AAI, followed by Chx (35.5%) and CsNPs (11.1%), respectively. There was a significant statistical difference in all comparisons ( p < 0.05). Tubliseal (40%) and AH Plus (32%) sealants showed a higher AAI on E. faecalis in the monolayer test and collagen membrane assay analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. Conclusions: Tubliseal and AH plus sealers combined with nanoparticles, especially CsNPs-Chx, could be used for conventional endodontic treatments in the control of E. faecalis bacteria.
Structural state of rare earth elements in eudialyte-group minerals
Authors: Borst Anouk M. , Finch Adrian A. , Friis Henrik , Horsburgh Nicola J. , Gamaletsos Platon N. , Goettlicher Joerg , Steininger Ralph , Geraki Kalotina 
Published: August 2019

AbstractEudialyte-group minerals (EGM) attract global interest as potential resources for high-field-strength elements (e.g. Zr, Nb, Ta, and rare-earth elements), i.e. critical materials for modern technologies. They are particularly valued for their relative enrichment in the most critical lanthanides, i.e. Nd and heavy rare earth elements (Gd–Lu). However, rare earth element (REE) substitution mechanisms into the EGM structure are still poorly understood. Light and heavyREEmay occupy different sites and there may be ordering and/or defect clustering in the structure. This study uses X-ray absorption spectroscopy to determine the structural state ofREEin EGM from prospective eudialyte-bearing complexes. YttriumK-edge and NdL3-edge spectra were collected as proxies for heavy and lightREE, respectively, and compared to natural and syntheticREE-bearing standards. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure data yield best fits for Y in six-fold coordination with Y–O distances of 2.24–2.32 Å, and a second coordination sphere comprising Fe, Na, Ca, Si and O at radial distances of 3.6–3.8 Å. These findings are consistent with dominant Y3+substitution for Ca2+on the octahedralM1 site in all the samples studied, and exclude preferential substitution of Y3+onto the smaller octahedralZsite or the large low-symmetryN4 site.Using lattice strain theory, we constructed relative partitioning models to predict site preferences of lanthanides we have not measured directly. The models predict that allREEare favoured on the Ca-dominantM1 site and that preferential partitioning of heavy over lightREEincreases in EGM containing significant Mn in theM1-octahedral rings (oneillite subgroup). Thus, the flatREEprofiles that make EGM such attractive exploration targets are not due to preferential partitioning of light and heavyREEonto different sites. Instead, local ordering of Mn- and Ca-occupiedM1 sites may influence the capacity of EGM to accommodate heavyREE.
Functional loss of Ccdc1
51 leads to hydrocephalus in a mouse model of primary ciliary dyskinesia
Authors: Chiani Francesco , Orsini Tiziana , Gambadoro Alessia , Pasquini Miriam , Putti Sabrina , Cirilli Maurizio , Ermakova Olga , Tocchini-Valentini Glauco P. 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder affecting normal structure and function of motile cilia, phenotypically manifested as chronic respiratory infections, laterality defects and infertility. Autosomal recessive mutations in genes encoding for different components of the ciliary axoneme have been associated with PCD in humans and in model organisms. The CCDC151 gene encodes for a coiled-coil axonemal protein that ensures correct attachment of outer dynein arm (ODA) complexes to microtubules. A correct arrangement of dynein arm complexes is required to provide the proper mechanical force necessary for cilia beat. Loss-of-function mutations in CCDC151 in humans leads to PCD disease with respiratory distress and defective left-right body asymmetry. In mice with the Ccdc151Snbl loss-of-function mutation (Snowball mutant), left-right body asymmetry with heart defects have been observed. Here, we demonstrate that loss of Ccdc151 gene function via targeted gene deletion in mice leads to perinatal lethality and congenital hydrocephalus. Microcomputed tomography (microCT) X-ray imaging of Ccdc151–β-galactosidase reporter expression in whole-mount brain and histological analysis show that Ccdc151 is expressed in ependymal cells lining the ventricular brain system, further confirming the role of Ccdc151 dysfunction in hydrocephalus development. Analyzing the features of hydrocephalus in the Ccdc151-knockout animals by microCT volumetric imaging, we observe continuity of the aqueduct of Sylvius, indicating the communicating nature of hydrocephalus in the Ccdc151-knockout animals. Congenital defects in left-right asymmetry and male infertility have been also observed in Ccdc151-null animals. Ccdc151 gene deletion in adult animals results in abnormal sperm counts and defective sperm motility.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the joint first authors of the paper.
epiflows: an R package for risk assessment of travel-related spread of disease
Authors: Moraga Paula , Dorigatti Ilaria , Kamvar Zhian N. , Piatkowski Pawel , Toikkanen Salla E. , Nagraj VP , Donnelly Christl A. , Jombart Thibaut 
Published: August 2019

As international travel increases worldwide, new surveillance tools are needed to help identify locations where diseases are most likely to be spread and prevention measures need to be implemented. In this paper we present epiflows, an R package for risk assessment of travel-related spread of disease. epiflows produces estimates of the expected number of symptomatic and/or asymptomatic infections that could be introduced to other locations from the source of infection. Estimates (average and confidence intervals) of the number of infections introduced elsewhere are obtained by integrating data on the cumulative number of cases reported, population movement, length of stay and information on the distributions of the incubation and infectious periods of the disease. The package also provides tools for geocoding and visualization. We illustrate the use of epiflows by assessing the risk of travel-related spread of yellow fever cases in Southeast Brazil in December 2016 to May 2017.
Outcome of single-stage versus two-stage exchange for revision knee arthroplasty for chronic periprosthetic infection
Authors: Pangaud Corentin , Ollivier Matthieu , Argenson Jean-Noël 
Published: August 2019

The gold standard for treating chronic periprosthetic joint infection is still considered to be double-stage exchange revision. The purpose of this review is to analyse the difference in terms of eradication rates and functional outcome after single- and double-stage prosthetic exchange for chronic periprosthetic joint infection around the knee. We reviewed full text articles written in English from 1992 to 2018 reporting the success rates and functional outcomes of either single-stage exchange or double-stage exchange for knee arthroplasty revision performed for chronic infection. In the case of double-stage exchange, particular attention was paid to the type of spacer: articulating or static. In all, 32 articles were analysed: 14 articles for single-stage including 687 patients and 18 articles for double-stage including 1086 patients. The average eradication rate was 87.1% for the one-stage procedure and 84.8% for the two-stage procedure. The functional outcomes were similar in both groups: the average Knee Society Knee Score was 80.0 in the single-stage exchange group and 77.8 in the double-stage exchange. The average range of motion was 91.4° in the single-stage exchange group and 97.8° in the double-stage exchange group. Single-stage exchange appears to be a viable alternative to two -stage exchange in cases of chronic periprosthetic joint infection around the knee, provided there are no contra-indications, producing similar results in terms of eradication rates and functional outcomes, and offering the advantage of a unique surgical procedure, lower morbidity and reduced costs. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2019;4:495-502. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.4.190003
Cytidine Diphosphate-Ribitol Analysis for Diagnostics and Treatment Monitoring of Cytidine Diphosphate-l-Ribitol Pyrophosphorylase A Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: van Tol Walinka , van Scherpenzeel Monique , Alsady Mohammad , Riemersma Moniek , Hermans Esther , Kragt Else , Tasca Giorgio , Kamsteeg Erik-Jan , Pennings Maartje , van Beusekom Ellen , Vermeulen Jeroen R , van Bokhoven Hans , Voermans Nicol C , Willemsen Michèl A , Ashikov Angel , Lefeber Dirk J 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Many muscular dystrophies currently remain untreatable. Recently, dietary ribitol has been suggested as a treatment for cytidine diphosphate (CDP)-l-ribitol pyrophosphorylase A (CRPPA, ISPD), fukutin (FKTN), and fukutin-related protein (FKRP) myopathy, by raising CDP-ribitol concentrations. Thus, to facilitate fast diagnosis, treatment development, and treatment monitoring, sensitive detection of CDP-ribitol is required.

METHODS
An LC-MS method was optimized for CDP-ribitol in human and mice cells and tissues.

RESULTS
CDP-ribitol, the product of CRPPA, was detected in all major human and mouse tissues. Moreover, CDP-ribitol concentrations were reduced in fibroblasts and skeletal muscle biopsies from patients with CRPPA myopathy, showing that CDP-ribitol could serve as a diagnostic marker to identify patients with CRPPA with severe Walker–Warburg syndrome and mild limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) phenotypes. A screen for potentially therapeutic monosaccharides revealed that ribose, in addition to ribitol, restored CDP-ribitol concentrations and the associated O-glycosylation defect of α-dystroglycan. As the effect occurred in a mutation-dependent manner, we established a CDP-ribitol blood test to facilitate diagnosis and predict individualized treatment response. Ex vivo incubation of blood cells with ribose or ribitol restored CDP-ribitol concentrations in a patient with CRPPA LGMD.

CONCLUSIONS
Sensitive detection of CDP-ribitol with LC-MS allows fast diagnosis of patients with severe and mild CRPPA myopathy. Ribose offers a readily testable dietary therapy for CRPPA myopathy, with possible applicability for patients with FKRP and FKTN myopathy. Evaluation of CDP-ribitol in blood is a promising tool for the evaluation and monitoring of dietary therapies for CRPPA myopathy in a patient-specific manner.
Performance of a web-based application measuring spot quality in dried blood spot sampling
Authors: Veenhof Herman , Koster Remco A. , Brinkman Randy , Senturk Enes , Bakker Stephan J.L. , Berger Stefan P. , Akkerman Onno W. , Touw Daan J. , Alffenaar Jan-Willem C. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
The dried blood spot (DBS) method allows patients and researchers to collect blood on a sampling card using a skin-prick. An important issue in the application of DBSs is that samples for therapeutic drug monitoring are frequently rejected because of poor spot quality, leading to delayed monitoring or missing data. We describe the development and performance of a web-based application (app), accessible on smartphones, tablets or desktops, capable of assessing DBS quality at the time of sampling by means of analyzing a picture of the DBS.

Methods
The performance of the app was compared to the judgment of experienced laboratory technicians for samples obtained in a trained and untrained setting. A robustness- and user test were performed.

Results
In a trained setting the app yielded an adequate decision in 90.0% of the cases with 4.1% false negatives (insufficient quality DBSs incorrectly not rejected) and 5.9% false positives (sufficient quality DBSs incorrectly rejected). In an untrained setting this was 87.4% with 5.5% false negatives and 7.1% false positives. A patient user test resulted in a system usability score of 74 out of 100 with a median time of 1 min and 45 s to use the app. Robustness testing showed a repeatability of 84%. Using the app in a trained and untrained setting improves the amount of sufficient quality samples from 80% to 95.9% and 42.2% to 87.9%, respectively.

Conclusions
The app can be used in trained and untrained setting to decrease the amount of insufficient quality DBS samples.
A Comparative Study on Johnson–Cook, Modified Johnson–Cook, Modified Zerilli–Armstrong and Arrhenius-Type Constitutive Models to Predict Hot Deformation Behavior of TA2
Authors: Zhang Bing , Shang Xiaodi , Yao Su , Wang Qiuyu , Zhang Zhijuan , Yang Xiaokang , Cai Jun , Wang Kuaishe 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The true strain data and true stress data are obtained from the isothermal compression tests under a wide range of strain rates (0.1–20 s−1) and temperatures (933–1,133 K) over the Gleeble-3500 thermomechanical simulator. The data are employed to generate the constitutive equations according to four constitutive models, respectively, the strain-compensated Arrhenius-type model, the modified Zerilli–Armstrong (ZA) model, the modified Johnson–Cook (JC) model and the JC model. In the meanwhile, a comparative research was made over the capacities of these four models and hence to represent the elevated temperature flow behavior of TA2. Besides, a comparison of the accuracy of the predictions of average absolute relative error, correlation coefficient (R) and the deformation behavior was made to test the sustainability level of these four models. It is shown from these results that the JC model is not suitable for the description of flow behavior of TA2 alloy in α+β phase domain, while the predicted values of modified JC model, modified ZA model and the strain-compensated Arrhenius-type model could be consistent well with the experimental values except under some deformation conditions. Moreover, the strain-compensated Arrhenius-type model can be also used to track the deformation behavior more precisely in comparison with other models.
The dialect of São João da Chapada: Possible remains of a mining language in Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: Álvarez López Laura 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This article focuses on the analysis of a specific vocabulary, possibly the remains of a mining language spoken by descendants of Africans. It analyzes 149 lexical items that were registered in the 1920s in a rural region of Minas Gerais, near the city of Diamantina. Based on earlier historical and linguistic studies, as well as on dictionaries of relevant African languages, the lexical study aims to analyze 149 words and expressions in order to verify the etymologies, and determine whether they fit the demographic data available on the origins of the slave population in this area. The second aim is to analyze the distribution of the lexical items in different semantic domains and word classes and compare the observed tendencies, as well as other linguistic characteristics and social functions, with other mining languages and/or similar Afro-Brazilian and Afro-European varieties. The results indicate that Umbundu maintained a high status in the area, and that this variety was not limited to mining activities, but was probably used in everyday life as a secret code that was part of the strategies of resistance among slaves.
Crystal structure of (4aR,6aR,6bR,10S,12aR)-10-acetoxy-1,2,3,4, 4a,5,6,6a,6b,7,8,8a,9,10,11,12,12a, 12b,13,14b-icosahydro-2,2,4a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethylpicene-6a-carboxylic acid, C32H50O4
Authors: He Kang , Wu Tian-Tai , Shen Lin-Yan , Fan Lin-Lin , Ye Jiang-Hai , Zou Juan 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
C32H50O4, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 14.090(3) Å, b = 15.642(3) Å, c = 25.956(6) Å, V = 5721(2) Å3, Z = 8, Rgt
(F) = 0.0679, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1764, T = 250(2) K.
David Lincicum: A Previously Unknown Letter from H. E. G. Paulus to Karl Joseph Hieronymus Windischmann (13 February 1804)
Authors: Lincicum David 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This edition presents a letter from Heinrich Eberhard Gottlob Paulus to Karl Joseph Hieronymus Windischmann, dated 13 February 1804, in which Paulus thanks Windischmann for his translation of Plato, discuses philosophy, and mentions the pending appointment of Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher.
Oxygen Uptake of Wave Surfers and Complementary Parameters in Front Crawl and Surfing-Paddling Tests
Authors: Godoy Daniel F. , Cadore Eduardo L. , Feitosa Wellington G. , Correia Ricardo de A. , Castro Flávio A. de S. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Godoy, DF, Cadore, EL, Feitosa, WG, Correia, RdA, and Castro, FAdS. Oxygen uptake of wave surfers and complementary parameters in front crawl and surfing-paddling tests. J Strength Cond Res 35(9): 2645–2650, 2021—The aim of this study was to assess the reliability of the oxygen uptake and complementary parameters (heart rate [HR], blood lactate concentration, and rate of perceived exertion [RPE]) obtained from surfers swimming and paddling in a swimming pool. Fourteen recreational male surfers (37.7 ± 4.7 years old) were evaluated in (a) a maximal 300-m front crawl test and (b) paddling in a surfboard test, both at the same intensity and for the same duration. Peak oxygen uptake (V̇o
2peak) during the tests (direct method), HR, blood lactate concentration (LA), and RPE were assessed. Two-way analysis of variance, a simple Student t test, effect size calculation, intraclass correlation coefficient, and limits of agreement were applied. In general, the tests presented similar results (except for HR), with low agreement, high intraclass correlation, and average to large effect sizes between swimming and paddling. The results suggest that surfers training in a swimming pool should not simply be swimming. Front crawl swimming and surf paddling are 2 distinct actions that should be practiced and tested on their own merits rather than assumed to be interchangeable.
Development and Assessment of a Seepage-Induced Consolidation Test Apparatus
Authors: Tian Zhengguang , Bareither Christopher A. , Scalia Joseph 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The design, construction, and evaluation of a seepage-induced consolidation test (SICT) apparatus is described. Three materials were used in this study to encompass a range of compressibility: pure kaolin clay (kaolin), kaolin clay mixed with silica flour (silty clay), and silica flour mixed with fine sand (sandy silt). Consolidation experiments were conducted on each material in the SICT apparatus and conventional oedometer test to evaluate the ability of the experiments to measure consolidation. Consolidation behavior was characterized by void ratio versus effective stress, e-σ′, and hydraulic conductivity versus void ratio, k-e, constitutive relationships. Repeatability tests conducted on kaolin in the SICT yielded nearly identical e-σ′ and k-e relationships; oedometer results were also comparable. Constitutive relationships (e-σ′ and k-e) determined on 12 unique sets of seepage and loading pairs for kaolin were comparable to the composite e-σ′ and k-e models, which supports recommendations that a single seepage rate and single applied load can be used to determine e-σ′ and k-e relationships via the SICT. Compressibility was lower for the silty clay compared to pure kaolin because of the addition of 60 % silt; however, the range of hydraulic conductivity was nearly identical between the two materials and controlled by the kaolin. Hydraulic conductivity measured on the sandy silt in the SICT and computed from oedometer data via small-strain theory were nearly identical, which was attributed to lower compressibility that rendered small-strain theory more reasonable for oedometer data.
Inhibition of FGF Receptor-1 Suppresses Alcohol Consumption: Role of PI3 Kinase Signaling in Dorsomedial Striatum
Authors: Even-Chen Oren , Barak Segev 
Published: August 2019

Excessive alcohol intake leads to mesostriatal neuroadaptations, and to addiction phenotypes. We recently found in rodents that alcohol increases fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) expression in the dorsomedial striatum (DMS), which promotes alcohol consumption. Here, we show that systemic or intra-DMS blockade of the FGF2 receptor, FGF receptor-1 (FGFR1), suppresses alcohol consumption, and that the effects of FGF2-FGFR1 on alcohol drinking are mediated via the phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway. Specifically, we found that sub-chronic alcohol treatment (7 d × 2.5 g/kg, i.p.) increasedFgfr1mRNA expression in the dorsal hippocampus and dorsal striatum. However, prolonged and excessive voluntary alcohol consumption in a two-bottle choice procedure increasedFgfr1expression selectively in DMS. Importantly, systemic administration of the FGFR1 inhibitor PD173074 to mice, as well as its infusion into the DMS of rats, decreased alcohol consumption and preference, with no effects on natural reward consumption. Finally, inhibition of the PI3K, but not of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, blocked the effects of FGF2 on alcohol intake and preference. Our results suggest that activation of FGFR1 by FGF2 in the DMS leads to activation of the PI3K signaling pathway, which promotes excessive alcohol consumption, and that inhibition of FGFR1 may provide a novel therapeutic target for alcohol use disorder.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTLong-term alcohol consumption causes neuroadaptations in the mesostriatal reward system, leading to addiction-related behaviors. We recently showed that alcohol upregulates the expression of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) in dorsomedial striatum (DMS) or rats and mice, and in turn, FGF2 increases alcohol consumption. Here, we show that long-term alcohol intake also increases the expression of the FGF2 receptor, FGFR1 in the DMS. Importantly, inhibition of FGFR1 activity by a selective receptor antagonist reduces alcohol drinking, when given systemically or directly into the DMS. We further show that the effects of FGF2-FGFR1 on alcohol drinking are mediated via activation of the PI3K intracellular signaling pathway, providing an insight on the mechanism for this effect.