bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deformation Mechanism in Central China Revealed by Regional Earthquake Tomography
Authors: Hua Yujin , Zhang Shuangxi , Liu Yu , Liu Li , Wu Tengfei , Wei Yu , Li Bin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The central China region (CCN) has experienced significant deformation and complex structural arrangements. We conducted research on the deformation pattern of the CCN through the 3D velocity structure of the crust and uppermost mantle obtained via body-wave tomography. This velocity structure strongly correlates with the region’s topographic features. The relationship between velocity distributions and topography indicates that compression in the east–west direction, which can lead to crustal and mantle shortening, may play a crucial role in shaping topography. The various structures between the Qinling mountain range in the west and the Tongbai–Dabie mountain range in the east highlight distinct geological processes occurring along the Qinling–Dabie orogenic belt. In addition, we propose that reservoir water has infiltrated the crystalline basement rock layer up to 15–20 km beneath the Three Gorges Reservoir. Furthermore, the Three Gorges Dam serves as a solid foundation to prevent reservoir water from seeping downstream underground.
Essentials of Esthetic Dentistry: Principles, Practice and Progress
Authors: Shronika Dr. , Jain Dr. Gaurav , Misra Prof. (Dr.) Pradyumna 
Published: November 2024

Essentials of Esthetic Dentistry-Principles, Practice and Progress is an essential resource for dental professionals and students seeking to deepen their knowledge and refine their skills in the art and science of aesthetic dentistry. This meticulously crafted guide offers a thorough exploration of both the foundational principles and the latest advancements in the field.

The book provides a detailed overview of aesthetic principles, including smile design, tooth morphology, and colour theory. It addresses both the science behind aesthetic procedures and the artistry required to achieve naturallooking results. Comprehensive chapters on various aesthetic techniques, such as tooth whitening, veneers, bonding, and step-by-step protocols and practical tips are included to aid in the execution of these procedures.

The book delves into the latest materials and technologies used in aesthetic dentistry, providing guidance on material selection and application. It includes discussions on composite resins, ceramics, and other innovations that influence aesthetic outcomes. Effective communication with patients is crucial in aesthetic dentistry. This guide explores strategies for discussing treatment options, setting realistic expectations, and achieving patient satisfaction.

The text is grounded in evidence-based research, offering a critical review of current literature and best practices. This ensures that the techniques and recommendations presented are both scientifically sound and clinically relevant.

High-quality photographs, diagrams, and illustrations complement the text, making complex concepts more accessible and enhancing understanding of procedural details. Featuring insights from leading experts in the field, the book offers diverse perspectives and up-to-date information on emerging trends and techniques.

Whether you are a seasoned practitioner seeking to enhance your aesthetic practice or a student eager to gain a solid foundation, Essentials of Esthetic Dentistry-Principles, Practice and Progress is an invaluable addition to your professional library. With its blend of theoretical knowledge, practical guidance, and expert insights, this guide is designed to elevate your practice and achieve outstanding aesthetic results for your patients.
Pregnancy dating: Determining gestational age through fetal kidney length-what do we observe?
Authors: Kalliyil Fathimathul Jusna , Narayanan Sai Krishna , Rajan Ambika Prema , Nair Lakshmi Rajappan , Shenoy Heera Trivikrama , Ramakrishnan  , Tajunnisa M  
Published: November 2024

Accurate gestational age is crucial for obstetric care, pregnancy management, and preterm labor decisions. Ultrasound, based on fetal biometric parameters, is a reliable method for this purpose. This study aims to estimate gestational age in the third trimester using ultrasonographic methods, focusing on fetal kidney length. Gestational age is estimated in the third trimester by measuring fetal kidney length and comparing it with gestational age derived from other biometric parameters (bi-parietal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference, and femur length) and the last menstrual period (LMP). A nine-month prospective study was conducted Kozhikode, Kerala, from September 2016 to May 2017. The study involved 200 women in their third trimester of pregnancy, utilizing third-trimester ultrasound to measure and document kidney length along with other biometric parameters (BPD, HC, AC, and FL). Subsequently, the collected data was reviewed and analyzed.: The study revealed a strong positive correlation between fetal kidney lengths (FKL) measured in millimeters and gestational age in weeks during the third trimester. The correlation was significant, with a Pearson's correlation coefficient of 0.87 (p &#60; 0.001). Additionally, FKL exhibited positive correlations with other variables, including abdominal circumference (r = 0.832), head circumference (r = 0.845), bi-parietal diameter (r = 0.838), and femur length (r = 0.837). These findings demonstrated a strong Pearson’s correlation (r= 0.87-0.96, P &#60;0.05) for all the biometric parameters including FKL. A linear relationship exists between fetal kidney length (FKL) and gestational age, allowing FKL to serve as an effective parameter for estimating gestational age during the third trimester. Given its positive correlation with other fetal biometric parameters such as bi-parietal diameter (BPD), head circumference (HC), abdominal circumference (AC), and femur length (FL), incorporating FKL alongside these measurements enhances the accuracy of gestational dating in the third trimester. This combination of parameters improves the prediction of gestational age during this stage of pregnancy.
A 5-years cross-sectional study of risk-factors feto-maternal outcomes in placenta accreta spectrum at single tertiary care centre in South India
Authors: Metgud Shridevi Chidanand , Prabhu Gauri Abhishek , Renuka Prasad Murigendrappa 
Published: November 2024

: PAS is an abnormal placental trophoblastic invasion into the myometrium, serosa and surrounding structures causing severe maternal morbidity and mortality due to massive obstetric hemorrhage (MOH). The incidence of PAS is on the rise due to increasing rate of Cesarean Section (CS) worldwide. : This study aimed to assess the risk factors associated with Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) and to compare the feto-maternal outcomes in elective and emergency delivery in PAS.This is a 5 years single centre cross-sectional study from 1st January 2018 to 31st December 2022. All diagnosed cases of PAS beyond 28 weeks of gestation were included. A total of 38 cases of PAS were studied. Chi-square test and T-test were used to compare the categorical variables with p value 0f &#60;0.05 as statistically significant.The incidence of PAS was 1.85/1000 deliveries. Advanced maternal age, previous CS, placenta previa in current pregnancy were major risk factors. MOH was the commonest complication. The blood loss, increased operative time and need for blood transfusions was mainly dependent on the placental location. Prematurity and low birth weight were the most important perinatal outcomes. Adequate blood and blood products prior to surgery is important as even in expert hands blood loss can be massive. Early referral and specialized regional team to manage PAS at tertiary care are needed. Future studies should emphasize on easy and early detection of PAS.
Randomized comparative study between ferric carboxymaltose and iron sucrose for correction of anemia in antenatal women
Authors: Kollur Ashwini Mallikarjun , Sunita T H  , Hegde Sanchita , Gaddi Mahalakshmi Someshwar 
Published: November 2024

Anemia during pregnancy is a significant global health concern. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Ferric Carboxymaltose (FCM) compared to Iron Sucrose (ISC) in treating mild to moderate iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in pregnant women. A randomized prospective control study was conducted with antenatal women suffering from mild to moderate anemia at Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Medical Sciences and Hospital from December 2018 to November 2019. Participants were randomly assigned to either Group A (FCM) or Group B (ISC). A total of 128 women were randomized, with 64 in each group. The mean increase in hemoglobin was significantly higher in the FCM group (1.34 g/dl) compared to the ISC group (0.98 g/dl) (p &#60; 0.001). FCM required fewer administrations, improving patient compliance. Both treatments were well-tolerated, with minor local reactions observed. FCM offers a more effective, convenient, and well-tolerated treatment option for IDA in pregnancy compared to ISC.
Menstrual challenges in puberty: Investigating menorrhagia in adolescent girls
Authors: Radhakrishnan Akshaya , Sharma Nidhi , Archunan Priya Aarthy 
Published: November 2024

Menorrhagia, defined as excessive or prolonged menstrual bleeding, poses a significant challenge during this developmental stage, potentially impacting the health and well-being of adolescent girls. Despite its prevalence, comprehensive studies on menorrhagia in this specific demographic are scarce. This study aims to address this gap by investigating the underlying causes and treatment outcomes of puberty menorrhagia.A six-month observational study involving 50 adolescent girls presenting with menorrhagia was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in a tertiary care center. The study utilized consecutive enumerative sampling and included a thorough investigation of participants, collecting data on demographic profiles, symptom severity, anemia levels, diagnoses, therapy requirements, and responses to conservative management. Baseline investigations encompassed a range of tests, including pregnancy exclusion, complete blood count, coagulation profile, and hormonal assays.The study cohort of 50 participants revealed varying characteristics: 24% were under 14 years, 34% were between 14-16 years, and 42% were aged 17-19 years. BMI distribution showed 14% below 18.5, 76% between 18.5 and 25, and 10% exceeding 25. Symptom duration included 20% reporting less than 6 months, 34% between 6-12 months, and 46% over 12 months. Etiology analysis indicated 60% with ovulatory dysfunction. Hemoglobin level analysis illustrated the prevalence and severity of anemia. Diverse treatments, including hormonal and non-hormonal interventions, were administered.This study provides insights into the causes of puberty menorrhagia, emphasizing the need for a holistic treatment. Future research should delve deeper into identified associations and clinical variants to enhance our understanding and guide effective interventions. Management should be directed to the cause.
Comparative study on maternal and fetal outcomes in emergency versus elective caesarean section
Authors: Sangwan Aditi , Sunitha C , Goel Suyash , Dumeer Deepika Gulati , Singh K C , Sangwan Shivani 
Published: November 2024

: The progressive increase in the incidence of caesarean section during the last few decades has been constant worldwide, increasing; at the same time, the indications, many of them unnecessary, resulting in indiscriminate practice, becoming the most frequent surgical intervention performed in health institutions, both private and public. Caesarean section is preferred as an emergency or elective procedure depending on the maternal and fetal conditions. It has been seen that risk of surgical complications is greater with emergency as compared with elective caesarean section. : Present study is a retrospective study, designed to evaluate maternal and fetal outcomes in elective versus emergency caesarean sections performed at our hospital from January 2023 to December 2023.: Out of total 2573 deliveries conducted, 1496 were normal deliveries, 116 were instrumental and 961 were caesarean deliveries, 446 were emergency and 515 were elective caesarean section. In our study overall operative complications were 114(11.8%) which was mainly contributed to emergency group.: The elective caesarean section shows less maternal and perinatal complications as compared to emergency caesarean sections.
Assessing AI chatbots efficacy in ophthalmic triage and referrals: A comparative study
Authors: Jain Piyush , Panda Sarita , Mishra Ankita , Priyadarshini Deepika , Bhoi Radhakanta 
Published: November 2024

To evaluate the efficacy of AI chatbots (OpenAI ChatGPT GPT-3.5, Google Bard, and WebMD) compared to human ophthalmology trainees in triage and referrals for common ophthalmic conditions. A single-center study was conducted at MKCG Medical College, Berhampur, Odisha, involving six ophthalmology trainees. The performance of AI chatbots was assessed based on diagnostic accuracy and triage categorization. Key performance indicators included the accuracy of the top three suggested diagnoses and concordance in recommendations for investigations and referrals. Physician respondents identified the correct diagnosis among the top three suggestions in 95% of cases. Google Bard achieved 90% accuracy, ChatGPT 85%, and WebMD 20%. High concordance was observed between physician and AI recommendations for investigations and referrals. AI chatbots demonstrate promising potential in supporting triage and referral decisions for ophthalmic conditions. While human expertise remains crucial, AI tools can augment diagnostic accuracy, improve efficiency, and enhance patient care. Future research should focus on refining AI algorithms, integrating clinical data, and exploring real-world implementation strategies.
A deep dive into penetrating ocular trauma: Insights from a South Indian tertiary eye care center
Authors: Sharat Soumya , Deepak Jayaram 
Published: November 2024

Penetrating ocular trauma is a significant cause of visual impairment and blindness worldwide. In India, with its vast and diverse population, understanding the epidemiology and patterns of Penetrating ocular trauma is crucial for effective prevention and management. This study aims to investigate the prevalence, characteristics, and outcomes of penetrating ocular trauma in the South Indian population. By analyzing data from a tertiary eye care center in South India, this research seeks to contribute to the existing knowledge base and inform evidence-based interventions to reduce the burden of penetrating ocular trauma in this region.To analyze the clinical profile, management, and outcomes of penetrating ocular trauma cases at a tertiary eye care center in South India.A retrospective review of medical records from January 2024 to June 2024 was conducted. Data collected included demographic details, mode of injury, clinical presentations, management approaches, and visual outcomes.Out of 150 cases, 120 were male (80%) and 30 female (20%). The majority of cases occurred in the 20-40 age group (60%). Common causes included workplace accidents (45%), domestic injuries (30%), and road traffic accidents (15%). Initial visual acuity varied from no light perception to &#62;6/18. Surgical intervention was required in 90% of cases. Post-operative follow-up indicated that 60% achieved a visual acuity of 6/60 or better, while 20% had no light perception.Penetrating ocular trauma predominantly affects young males in South India, with workplace injuries being a major cause. Early surgical intervention improves visual outcomes. Public awareness and safety measures could reduce the incidence of such injuries.
The effect of low level laser therapy and piezocision in canine retraction: A prospective randomized split-mouth study
Authors: Kamboj Ashish , Chopra SS , Kochar Gagandeep , Angrish Paras , Joseph Allen , Bansal Amit , Kumar Dharmendra 
Published: November 2024

This study evaluated and compared the duration for retraction of maxillary canines in subjects who underwent piezocision and low-level laser therapy.: The study sample consisted of 12 adult patients in a prospective randomized split-mouth study design, requiring therapeutic extraction of bilateral maxillary first premolar and bilateral canine distalization. The subjects were evaluated for 4 months or till the time taken for the maxillary canine to achieve positive contact with the maxillary second premolars bilaterally. Intervention in the form of low-level laser therapy was carried out on one side using a diode laser vis-a viz piezocision on the other side. This was followed by a comparative evaluation of canine retraction due to both the interventions on their respective sides. The LLLT group showed 1.105 times the canine retraction in 4 months as compared to the group subjected to piezocision and the findings are statistically significant (P Value = 0.09) using paired t test . The canine showed a mean distal movement of 3.14mm and 2.84 mm in LLLT and piezocision group respectively. The rate of tooth movement is slightly higher in teeth exposed to LLLT. From the results, we can also infer that there is a constant decline in the rate of tooth movement throughout the duration of the study. With no need for incision and a lesser chance of damage to hard and soft tissue, LLLT appears to be a comparatively attractive option for acceleratory orthodontics.
Perceptions of Indian dental students about online training on preclinical orthodontics during the COVID pandemic: A qualitative study
Authors: Ghanti Poorvi , Badavannavar Anand , Jirge Vasanti Lagali , Jatti Roopa , Karvekar Shruti 
Published: November 2024

The objective of the study was to determine students’ perceptions about online training in preclinical orthodontics during the COVID lockdown. After obtaining ethical approval this phenomenological descriptive qualitative study was conducted for sixty minutes on two different days. It reported students’ experiences during the pandemic through focus group discussions. These were recorded on audio and video platforms. The researchers then transcribed and analyzed the recordings and codified the answers into categories to determine the emerging topics until a saturation point was reached. The core emerging themes were (1) Angst and apprehensions (2) Perception about the learning experience (3) Challenges encountered. Even though online learning has been a useful tool for delivering didactic (theoretical) concepts, we attempted to teach preclinical orthodontics to students of final year BDS. Students reported being skeptical and worried at first, but they soon were able to overcome the initial apprehensions and perform well.
Analisis Pergeseran Makna Esensi dalam Pemberian Amplop pada Walimatul Urs di Desa Sokolelah Kadur Pamekasan
Authors: Kutsiyatur Rahmah  
Published: November 2024

Pemberian amplop dalam acara walimatul urs merupakan tradisi yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat desa Sokolelah. Akan tetapi meskipun pemberian amlop sudah menjadi tradisi, mayoritas masyarakat desa Sokolelah merasa keberatan, karena bagi mereka acara walimatul urs adalah bentuk rasa syukur mempelai dan sudah seharusnya berbagi dengan tetangga dan sanak saudara. Dengan adanya pemberian amplop pada acara walimatul urs maka tidak ada bedanya walimatul urs dengan apa yang disebut resepsi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode normative - empiris dengan jenis penelitian lapangan (field research). Dari hasil penelitian penulis bisa menyimpulkan bahwa pelaksanaan walimatul urs yang dilaksanakan oleh masyarakat desa Sokolelah sudah mengalami pergeseran makna dan esensi. Sedangkan tinjaun dalam hukum Islam walimatul urs dengan pemberian amplop hukumnya boleh karena pemberian amplop pada acara walimatul urs bisa dikatakan hadiah atau hibah kepada penyelenggara acara.
Growth patterns and ecological classification of Tor tambra (Valenciennes 1842) in the Mamis River, Leuser Ecosystem Area, Aceh Province, Indonesia
Authors: Akmal Yusrizal , Yunus Muchammad , Plumeriastuti Hani , Dhamayanti Yeni , Irfannur  , Muliari  , Zulfahmi Ilham , Batubara Agung Setia 
Published: November 2024

Graphical Abstract

Highlight Research
1. Tor tambra is the most dominant species other Tor species in Aceh Province, Indonesia.
2. The population of T. tambra has decreased significantly due to overfishing and environmental destruction.
3. This research aims to examine the habitat characteristics, growth patterns and condition factors of T. tambra.
4. Analysis of the length weight relationship of T. tambra revealed that the condition of the fish was stable .
Abstract
This research was aimed to examine the habitat characteristics, growth patterns and condition factors of T. tambra in the Mamis River, Leuser Ecosystem Area, Aceh, Indonesia. This research was conducted on the Mamis River in three different river conditions from July to August 2023. The ecological parameters of T. tambra were conducted by observing the main, broodstock, spawning, and nursery ground habitats based on diversity of catch size at a location, water quality, aquatic substrate, aquatic vegetation, and water shade. The growth pattern parameter was also analyzed to reveal the condition of T. tambra. The T. tambra habitat in the Mamis River includes broodstock and spawning habitat with the criteria from small to large rocks overgrown with Bryophytes, gravel and sand substrates, clear water color, slow to swift water currents, and river environment most of it is primary forest. In the main habitat, there is dominant riparian vegetation in the form of forest timber trees such as Pometia pinnata, Ficus fistulosa, Hydnocarpus castanea, and Aglaia tomentosa. The habitat for the juvenile is in the form of rocks, gravel substrate, clear water color, and fast water currents. In the nursery habitat, the dominant riparian vegetation is Balakata baccata. Based on the results of water quality analysis at the three stations, it shows that temperature, pH, DO, currents, BOD, COD are significantly different, but brightness levels are not significantly different. Based on the analysis of the length-weight relationship, it shows that the condition of the fish is stable with sufficient food availability.