bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Muscle Quality on Operative and Nonoperative Treatment of Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: Naimark Micah , Trinh Thai , Robbins Christopher , Rodoni Bridger , Carpenter James , Bedi Asheesh , Miller Bruce 
Published: August 2019

Background: Rotator cuff muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration are predictors of negative outcomes after rotator cuff repair. However, the impact of muscle degeneration on nonsurgical treatment is unknown. Hypothesis: Rotator cuff muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration will reduce the outcomes of operative repair while having a minimal effect on nonsurgical treatment. Additionally, in the setting of atrophy and fatty infiltration, surgical and nonsurgical treatment will produce equivalent outcomes. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Patients undergoing operative and nonoperative treatment of full-thickness rotator cuff tears were prospectively enrolled into a nonrandomized cohort study. Muscle quality was assessed on magnetic resonance imaging by use of the supraspinatus tangent sign, Warner atrophy, and Goutallier fatty infiltration classifications. Grading was performed by 2 independent observers who were blinded to patient treatment and outcomes. Normalized Western Ontario Rotator Cuff (WORC) index was the primary patient-reported outcome. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to determine the impact of muscle quality on treatment outcomes. Results: The cohort consisted of 157 patients, 89 (57%) surgical and 68 (43%) nonsurgical, with a mean follow-up of 2.4 years (range, 1-5 years). Tangent sign had the best inter- and intrarater reliability, with kappa statistics of 0.81 and 0.86, respectively. Reliability for Warner atrophy was 0.69 to 0.76 and for Goutallier classification was 0.54 to 0.64. Overall, improvement in WORC scores was higher in the surgical group than the nonsurgical group (39.3 vs 21.2; P < .001). A positive tangent sign was the only independent predictor ( P < .01) of worse outcomes in the surgical group, accounting for an estimated 22-point lower improvement in WORC scores. Conclusion: A positive tangent sign was predictive of worse operative outcomes, resulting in equivalent improvements between surgical and nonsurgical treatment. The tangent sign is a reliable, prognostic indicator that clinicians can use when counseling patients on the optimal treatment of rotator cuff tears.
Globalisation, Economic Growth, and Spillovers: A Spatial Analysis
Authors: Ahmad Mahyudin 
Published: August 2019

This article seeks to deepen our understanding of the globalisation–growth nexus as it extends the investigation to using a spatial econometric approach, hitherto rarely used in the globalisation literature. The objective of the article is to uncover not only the significant growth effects of globalisation but also its possible spillover effects onto neighbouring countries. Using a panel data set of 83 countries across a 30-year period and via a spatial autoregressive panel data method, this article estimates a standard growth model augmented with a parameter to capture the countries’ spatial dependence, whilst controlling for globalisation indices. The findings indicate a positive effect of economic globalisation, which is dependent upon the political settings in the countries under study. The spillover effects of globalisation across neighbouring countries are shown, both in geographical and institutional spheres. The article concludes with some policy recommendations. JEL: F63, C31
Training to Proficiency in the WHO Hand Hygiene Technique
Authors: Lacey Gerard , Showstark Mary , Van Rhee James 
Published: August 2019

Objectives: Hand hygiene is critical to patient safety, but low performance in terms of the quantity and quality of hand hygiene is often reported. Training-to-proficiency is common for other clinical skills, but no proficiency-based training program for hand hygiene has been reported in the literature. This study developed a proficiency-based training program to improve hand hygiene quality in line with World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines and assessed the amount of training required to reach proficiency. The training was delivered as part of a 5-day induction for students on the Physician Assistant online program. Methods: A total of 42 students used a simulator to objectively measure hand hygiene technique over a 5-day period. Proficiency was achieved when students demonstrated all 6 steps of the WHO technique in less than 42 seconds. The students also completed a postintervention questionnaire. Results: The average training episode lasted 2.5 minutes and consisted of 4.5 hand hygiene exercises. The average student completed 5 training episodes (1 per day) taking a total of 17 minutes. A total of 40% (17) of the students achieved proficiency within the 5 days. Proficiency was strongly correlated with the number of training exercises completed ( r = 0.79, P < .001) and the total time spent training ( r = 0.75, P < .001). Linear regression predicted that the 32 hand hygiene exercises or a total of 23-minute training were required to achieve proficiency. Conclusions: This is the first study to develop a train-to-proficiency program for hand hygiene quality and estimate the amount of training required. Given the importance of hand hygiene quality to preventing health care–associated infections (HAIs), medical education programs should consider using proficiency-based training in hand hygiene technique.
Cost‐effectiveness of Preoperative Staphylococcus aureus Screening and Decolonization in Cochlear Implantation
Authors: Kirchner Gregory J. , Ghazaryan Hovhannes , Lieber Alexander M. , Sunkerneni Anisha Reddy , McKinnon Brian J. 
Published: August 2019

ObjectiveInfection following cochlear implantation is medically and economically devastating. The cost‐effectiveness (CE) of colonization screening and decolonization for infection prophylaxis in cochlear implantation has not been examined.Study DesignAn analytic observational study of data collected from purchasing records and the literature.MethodsCosts of Staphylococcus aureus colonization screening and decolonization were acquired from purchasing records and the literature. Infection rates after cochlear implantation and average total costs for evaluation and treatment were obtained from a review of the literature. A break‐even analysis was performed to determine the required absolute risk reduction (ARR) in infection rate to make colonization screening or decolonization CE.ResultsNasal screening ($144.07) is CE if the initial infection rate (1.7%) had an ARR of 0.60%. Decolonization with 2% intranasal mupirocin ointment ($5.09) was CE (ARR, 0.02%). A combined decolonization technique (2% intranasal mupirocin ointment, chlorhexidine wipes, chlorhexidine shower, and prophylactic vancomycin: $37.57) was CE (ARR, 0.16%). Varying infection rate as high as 15% demonstrated that CE did not change by maintaining an ARR of 0.16%. CE of the most expensive decolonization protocol was enhanced as the cost of infection treatment increased, with an ARR of 0.03% at $125,000.ConclusionsProphylactic S aureus decolonization techniques can be CE for preventing infection following cochlear implantation. Decolonization with mupirocin is economically justified if it prevents at least 1 infection out of 5000 implants. S aureus colonization screening needed high reductions in infection rate to be CE.
PHF19 promotes multiple myeloma tumorigenicity through PRC2 activation and broad H3K27me3 domain formation
Authors: Ren Zhihong , Ahn Jeong Hyun , Liu Hequn , Tsai Yi-Hsuan , Bhanu Natarajan V. , Koss Brian , Allison David F. , Ma Anqi , Storey Aaron J. , Wang Ping , Mackintosh Samuel G. , Edmondson Ricky D. , Groen Richard W. J. , Martens Anton C. , Garcia Benjamin A. , Tackett Alan J. , Jin Jian , Cai Ling , Zheng Deyou , Wang Gang Greg 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) dysregulation is associated with proliferation of hematological malignancies. Ren et al elucidate the mechanisms of PRC2 in multiple myeloma (MM), demonstrating that malignant progression of MM is associated with overexpression of PHF19, a PRC2-associated factor that enhances its gene-regulatory function.
A case report of a primary lymphoma of the tongue presenting as trigeminal neuralgia
Authors: Arifin Andrew J. , Lam Selay , MacNeil S. Danielle 
Published: August 2019

Background Primary lymphoma of the oral cavity is a rare phenomenon. Herein we describe a unique presentation of lymphoma of the tongue which initially manifested as trigeminal neuralgia. Case presentation A 63-year-old female experienced a 10-month history of paresthesia and neuropathic pain involving the left tongue and mandibular area of her face. Investigations including imaging and biopsy revealed primary lymphoma of the tongue with extensive perineural spread. The patient underwent standard chemotherapy with complete radiological response, but minimal recovery of the affected neurological functions. Conclusion This case highlights an unusual presentation of a rare disease leading to a delay in diagnosis and the importance of a complete workup for trigeminal neuropathy.
Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis and Treatment in Patients With Cancer: ASCO Clinical Practice Guideline Update
Authors: Key Nigel S. , Khorana Alok A. , Kuderer Nicole M. , Bohlke Kari , Lee Agnes Y.Y. , Arcelus Juan I. , Wong Sandra L. , Balaban Edward P. , Flowers Christopher R. , Francis Charles W. , Gates Leigh E. , Kakkar Ajay K. , Levine Mark N. , Liebman Howard A. , Tempero Margaret A. , Lyman Gary H. , Falanga Anna 
Published: August 2019

PURPOSE To provide updated recommendations about prophylaxis and treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with cancer. METHODS PubMed and the Cochrane Library were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses of RCTs published from August 1, 2014, through December 4, 2018. ASCO convened an Expert Panel to review the evidence and revise previous recommendations as needed. RESULTS The systematic review included 35 publications on VTE prophylaxis and treatment and 18 publications on VTE risk assessment. Two RCTs of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) for the treatment of VTE in patients with cancer reported that edoxaban and rivaroxaban are effective but are linked with a higher risk of bleeding compared with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) in patients with GI and potentially genitourinary cancers. Two additional RCTs reported on DOACs for thromboprophylaxis in ambulatory patients with cancer at increased risk of VTE. RECOMMENDATIONS Changes to previous recommendations: Clinicians may offer thromboprophylaxis with apixaban, rivaroxaban, or LMWH to selected high-risk outpatients with cancer; rivaroxaban and edoxaban have been added as options for VTE treatment; patients with brain metastases are now addressed in the VTE treatment section; and the recommendation regarding long-term postoperative LMWH has been expanded. Re-affirmed recommendations: Most hospitalized patients with cancer and an acute medical condition require thromboprophylaxis throughout hospitalization. Thromboprophylaxis is not routinely recommended for all outpatients with cancer. Patients undergoing major cancer surgery should receive prophylaxis starting before surgery and continuing for at least 7 to 10 days. Patients with cancer should be periodically assessed for VTE risk, and oncology professionals should provide patient education about the signs and symptoms of VTE. Additional information is available at www.asco.org/supportive-care-guidelines .
Wishful Landscapes
Authors: Shaindlinger Noa 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe article, based on two years of fieldwork, examines the meaning of displacement for Palestinian citizens of Israel who live in Jaffa. Specifically, it focuses on one key site, the Clock Tower Square, historically a hub of Palestinian urban economy. The discussion follows a group of local Palestinian activists who consciously chose the square to stage protests, thus reclaiming Arab Jaffa's material heritage and directly challenging recent histories of spatial expropriation by the Israeli state, the Tel Aviv municipality, and real estate developers. The analysis below also proposes a multiscalar understanding of these protests as a reclamation of Jaffa's Arab heritage as well as an act of remapping the nation and its colonized homeland. In this sense, the Clock Tower Square activists produce “wishful landscapes” that work to undermine the colonizer's project of normalizing occupation.
Sharia and Kinship in the Ottoman Eastern Mediterranean
Authors: Moumtaz Nada 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis essay engages Beshara Doumani's Family Life in the Ottoman Mediterranean. It highlights Doumani's significant deconstruction of the culturalist assumptions of the category of the Arabor Muslim family. Based on the wealth of the archive uncovered by Doumani, the essay calls for further engagement with the Islamic legal tradition in the analysis of sharia court records in order to better understand the relation between state, law, and community. Finally, it elaborates on Doumani's important contributions to the anthropology of kinship.
Interactions among ryanodine receptor isotypes contribute to muscle fiber type development and function
Authors: Chagovetz Alexis A. , Klatt Shaw Dana , Ritchie Erin , Hoshijima Kazuyuki , Grunwald David J. 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT
Mutations affecting ryanodine receptor (RyR) calcium release channels commonly underlie congenital myopathies. Although these channels are known principally for their essential roles in muscle contractility, mutations in the human RYR1 gene result in a broad spectrum of phenotypes, including muscle weakness, altered proportions of fiber types, anomalous muscle fibers with cores or centrally placed nuclei, and dysmorphic craniofacial features. Currently, it is unknown which phenotypes directly reflect requirements for RyRs and which result secondarily to aberrant muscle function. To identify biological processes requiring RyR function, skeletal muscle development was analyzed in zebrafish embryos harboring protein-null mutations. RyR channels contribute to both muscle fiber development and function. Loss of some RyRs had modest effects, altering muscle fiber-type specification in the embryo without compromising viability. In addition, each RyR-encoding gene contributed to normal swimming behavior and muscle function. The RyR channels do not function in a simple additive manner. For example, although isoform RyR1a is sufficient for muscle contraction in the absence of RyR1b, RyR1a normally attenuates the activity of the co-expressed RyR1b channel in slow muscle. RyR3 also acts to modify the functions of other RyR channels. Furthermore, diminished RyR-dependent contractility affects both muscle fiber maturation and craniofacial development. These findings help to explain some of the heterogeneity of phenotypes that accompany RyR1 mutations in humans.
Mast cells enhance sterile inflammation in chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis
Authors: Young Stephanie , Sharma Namit , Lee Jae Hoon , Chitu Violeta , Neumeister Volker , Sohr Elisabeth , Stanley E. Richard , Hedrich Christian M. , Craig Andrew W. B. 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT
Chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) is an autoinflammatory bone disease, and patients with active or recurrent bone inflammation at multiple sites are diagnosed with chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO). The Chronic multifocal osteomyelitis (CMO) mouse model develops IL-1β-driven sterile bone lesions reminiscent of severe CRMO. The goal of this study was to evaluate the potential involvement of mast cells in CMO/CRMO. Here, we show that mast cells accumulate in inflamed tissues from CMO mice and that mast cell protease Mcpt1 can be detected in the peripheral blood. A transgenic model of connective tissue mast cell depletion (Mcpt5-Cre:Rosa26-Stopfl/fl-DTa) was crossed with CMO mice and the resulting mice (referred to as CMO/MC–) showed a significant delay in disease onset compared with age-matched CMO mice. At 5-6 months of age, CMO/MC– mice had fewer bone lesions and immune infiltration in the popliteal lymph nodes that drain the affected tissues. In bone marrow-derived mast cell cultures from CMO mice, cytokine production in response to the alarmin IL-33 was elevated compared with wild-type cultures. To test the relevance of mast cells to human CRMO, we tested serum samples from a cohort of healthy controls and from CRMO patients at diagnosis. Interestingly, mast cell chymase was elevated in CRMO patients as well as in patients with oligoarticular juvenile arthritis. Tryptase-positive mast cells were also detected in bone lesions from CRMO patients and patients with bacterial osteomyelitis. Together, our results identify mast cells as cellular contributors to bone inflammation in CMO/CRMO and provide rationale for further study of mast cells as therapeutic targets.
Vascular regression precedes motor neuron loss in the FUS (1-359) ALS mouse model
Authors: Crivello Martin , Hogg Marion C. , Jirström Elisabeth , Halang Luise , Woods Ina , Rayner Megan , Coughlan Karen S. , Lewandowski Sebastian A. , Prehn Jochen H. M. 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) presents a poorly understood pathogenesis. Evidence from patients and mutant SOD1 mouse models suggests vascular damage may precede or aggravate motor dysfunction in ALS. We have previously shown angiogenin (ANG) treatment enhances motor neuron survival, delays motor dysfunction and prevents vascular regression in the SOD1G93A ALS model. However, the existence of vascular defects at different stages of disease progression remains to be established in other ALS models. Here, we assessed vascular integrity in vivo throughout different disease stages, and investigated whether ANG treatment reverses vascular regression and prolongs motor neuron survival in the FUS (1-359) mouse model of ALS. Lumbar spinal cord tissue was collected from FUS (1-359) and non-transgenic control mice at postnatal day (P)50, P90 and P120. We found a significant decrease in vascular network density in lumbar spinal cords from FUS (1-359) mice by day 90, at which point motor neuron numbers were unaffected. ANG treatment did not affect survival or counter vascular regression. Endogenous Ang1 and Vegf expression were unchanged at P50 and P90; however, we found a significant decrease in miRNA 126 at P50, indicating vascular integrity in FUS mice may be compromised via an alternative pathway. Our study demonstrates that vascular regression occurs before motor neuron degeneration in FUS (1-359) mice, and highlights that heterogeneity in responses to novel ALS therapeutics can already be detected in preclinical mouse models of ALS.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the joint first authors of the paper.
Oral labetalol versus oral nifedipine for the management of postpartum hypertension a randomized control trial
Authors: Ainuddin Jahanara , Javed Fariha , Kazi Sarah 
Published: August 2019

Objective: To compare the efficacy of oral Labetalol versus oral Nifedipine for the treatment of postpartum hypertension.
Methods: A prospective randomized controlled trial with parallel assignment was conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dow University of Health Sciences Karachi, Pakistan, 124 patients with post partum hypertension were selected and randomized into two groups with 62 patients receiving Labetalol and 62 receiving long acting nifedipine. Initial blood pressures were recorded, and the respective drug was administered. Dose adjustments were performed in the initial 24 hours. The outcome was measured in the form of drug efficacy by lowering of systolic blood pressure less than 140mm of Hg and diastolic less than 90mm of Hg up to 48 hours after starting treatment. Data was entered and analyzed through SPSS version 20.
Results: Our study randomized 62 women to oral labetalol and 62 women to oral long acting nifedipine. The time required to achieve blood pressure control was 35.6±2.8 hours in labetalol group and 30.4±1.9 hours in nifedipine group (p=0.04).length of hospital stay, need of additional antihypertensive medications were same in both groups. Minor side effects were observed more in nifedipine group.
Conclusion: We conclude that both oral labetalol and oral long acting nifedipine are effective and well tolerated interventions for the management of post-partum hypertension. However we found Nifidipine more effective in the management of postpartum hypertension.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.812
How to cite this:Ainuddin J, Javed F, Kazi S. Oral labetalol versus oral nifedipine for the management of postpartum hypertension a randomized control trial. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(5):1428-1433. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.812
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
On the evaluation of research software: the CDUR procedure
Authors: Gomez-Diaz Teresa , Recio Tomas 
Published: August 2019

Background:Evaluation of the quality of research software is a challenging and relevant issue, still not sufficiently addressed by the scientific community.Methods:Our contribution begins by defining, precisely but widely enough, the notions of research software and of its authors followed by a study of the evaluation issues, as the basis for the proposition of a sound assessment protocol: the CDUR procedure.Results:CDUR comprises four steps introduced as follows:Citation, to deal with correct RS identification,Dissemination, to measure good dissemination practices,Use, devoted to the evaluation of usability aspects, andResearch, to assess the impact of the scientific work.Conclusions:Some conclusions and recommendations are finally included. The evaluation of research is the keystone to boost the evolution of the Open Science policies and practices. It is as well our belief that research software evaluation is a fundamental step to induce better research software practices and, thus, a step towards more efficient science.
Reducing Capital Market Anomaly: The Role of Information Technology Using an Information Uncertainty Lens
Authors: Jia Ning , Rai Arun , Xu Sean Xin 
Published: August 2019

We investigate how firms use information technology (IT) implementation to mitigate an anomaly in capital markets: investors underreacting to new public information. The theory of information uncertainty (IU) suggests that the anomaly is amplified with IU; that is, with ambiguity in information about firm value. We theorize that a firm’s IT in general—and enterprise systems (ES) in particular—can mitigate IU, thus reducing the IU-induced underreaction anomaly. Based on a difference-in-differences analysis of a sample of 572 ES implementations, our main finding is that ES implementation does reduce IU-induced underreaction anomaly. This is achieved through a reduction in the firm’s fundamentals volatility and an improvement in information quality. We also find that firms with greater IT capability are better positioned to realize the anomaly-reducing benefits of ES implementation and that ES’s anomaly-reducing effect is most pronounced when high levels of both functional and operational ES modules are implemented. We obtain remarkably consistent results when using alternate empirical design, samples, and measures of news. Such IT impacts are economically highly consequential because they improve capital market efficiency. This paper was accepted by Anandhi Bharadwaj, information systems.