bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasonic‐Assisted Linker Exchange (USALE): A Novel Post‐Synthesis Method for Controlling the Functionality, Porosity, and Morphology of MOFs
Authors: Razavi Sayed Ali Akbar , Morsali Ali 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe introduction of organic ligands into metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with a specific topology and that cannot be attained by direct synthesis is a big challenge. To meet this challenge, different ligand exchange/incorporation methods have been employed. Here, a new method, called ultrasonic‐assisted linker exchange (USALE), has been developed to overcome the above‐mentioned problems. USALE is a novel method for ligand exchange based on the use of ultrasonic waves. The temperature and pressure caused by the USALE method in microscopic zones are so intense that the linker exchange process is much faster than with other methods. In addition to saving time during synthesis, the use of the USALE method leads to a higher surface area and pore volume compared with other methods such as solvent‐assisted linker exchange (SALE). In this way, improved gas adsorption capacity has been achieved for daughter frameworks synthesized by the USALE method. By using the USALE method, we have transformed a nonporous and easy‐to‐synthesize TMU framework ([Zn(OBA)(BPDB)0.5]n⋅2DMF (TMU‐4), in which H2OBA=4,4′‐oxybis(benzoic acid) and BPDB=1,4‐di(4‐pyridyl)‐2,3‐diaza‐1,3‐butadiene) into another porous framework ([Zn(OBA)(H2DPT)0.5]n⋅DMF (TMU‐34), in which H2DPT=3,6‐di(4‐pyridyl)‐1,4‐dihydro‐1,2,4,5‐tetrazine) that otherwise requires a relatively long time to synthesize. In addition to reducing the synthesis time for TMU‐34 (in comparison with both direct sonochemical synthesis and the indirect SALE method), the data obtained revealed that the daughter TMU‐34 framework synthesized by the USALE method has a higher surface area and accessible pore volume than TMU‐34 frameworks synthesized by SALE and direct methods. The application of SALE‐TMU‐34 and USALE‐TMU‐34 in a catalytic Henry condensation reaction and Congo Red adsorption experiments showed that the higher porosity of USALE‐TMU‐34 leads to a higher turn‐over frequency and saturation capacity compared with SALE‐TMU‐34.
Z‐bpy, a New C2‐Symmetric Bipyridine Ligand and Its Application in Enantioselective Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Cyclopropanation of Olefins
Authors: Ouyang Yizhao , Zhan Miao , Zhou Jing , Jiao Jiao , Hu Hao , Yamada Yoichi M. A. , Li Pengfei 
Published: June 2019

Summary of main observation and conclusionA rigid C2‐symmetric chiral bipyridine ligand Z‐bpy with a triptycene‐like backbone was designed and synthesized from simple chemicals in a scalable route. Using this new ligand, copper(I) catalyzed cyclopropanation of styrenes with commercial ethyl diazoacetate produced various corresponding cyclopropanes in high yields, diastereoselectivity and enantioselectivity up to 97% ee.
External‐Oxidant‐Free Electrochemical Oxidative Trifluoromethylation of Arenes Using CF3SO2Na as the CF3 Source
Authors: Deng Yong , Lu Fangling , You Siqi , Xia Tianrui , Zheng Yifan , Lu Cuifen , Yang Guichun , Chen Zuxing , Gao Meng , Lei Aiwen 
Published: June 2019

Summary of main observation and conclusionAn efficient and environmentally benign electrochemical oxidative radical C—H trifluoromethylation of arenes by employing Langlois reagent as the CF3 source was developed in this work. Neither transition metal catalysts nor external chemical oxidants were required in this trifluoromethylation process. The reaction could be conducted in gram scale with high reaction efficiency.
Amorphous Conjugated Polymers as Efficient Dual‐Mode MALDI Matrices for Low‐Molecular‐Weight Analytes
Authors: Horatz Kilian , Ditte Kristina , Prenveille Thomas , Zhang Ke‐Nan , Jehnichen Dieter , Kiriy Anton , Voit Brigitte , Lissel Franziska 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMatrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI MS) usually employs highly crystalline small‐molecule matrices, and the analyte is interpreted as being co‐crystallized with the matrix. We recently showed that semi‐crystalline polymers are efficient matrices for the detection of low‐molecular‐weight compounds (LMWCs) in MALDI MS and MALDI MS Imaging, and are dual‐mode, i. e., enabling both positive and negative modes. The matrix performances of two fluorene/napthalene diimide co‐polymers P(TNDIT‐Fl(C4C2)) and P(TNDIT‐Fl(C10C8)) were investigated and compared. Both are fully amorphous according to XRD measurements, show high relative absorption values at the wavelength of common MALDI lasers (λNd:YAG=355 nm: C4C2=73 %; C10C8=67 %), and are solution processable. As matrices, they are dual‐mode, and enable the detection of LMWCs while being mostly MALDI‐silent. Compared with semicrystalline polymer matrices, the amorphous matrices give similar or better signal intensities, thus indicating that analyte inclusion takes place in the amorphous part of the polymer matrix.
Post‐transcriptional control of immune responses and its potential application
Authors: Yoshinaga Masanori , Takeuchi Osamu 
Published: June 2019

AbstractInflammation is the host response against stresses such as infection. Although the inflammation process is required for the elimination of pathogens, uncontrolled inflammation leads to tissue destruction and inflammatory diseases. To avoid this, the inflammatory response is tightly controlled by multiple layers of regulation. Post‐transcriptional control of inflammatory mRNAs is increasingly understood to perform critical roles in this process. This is mediated primarily by a set of RNA binding proteins (RBPs) including tristetraprolin, Roquin and Regnase‐1, and RNA methylases. These key regulators coordinate the inflammatory response by modulating mRNA pools in both immune and local nonimmune cells. In this review, we provide an overview of the post‐transcriptional coordination of immune responses in various tissues and discuss how RBP‐mediated regulation of inflammation may be harnessed as a potential class of treatments for inflammatory diseases.
Microfilaria and Strongyloides larva diagnosed in cerebrospinal fluid and ascitic fluid, respectively: Approach to their morphology on cytology
Authors: Keloth Thara , Rajkumari Nonika , Gochhait Debasis , Gudivada Vijayalakshmi , Toi Pampa Ch , Siddaraju Neelaiah 
Published: June 2019

AbstractFilariasis and Strongyloidiasis are two endemic parasitic infections seen in any tropical country. Filariasis, commonly caused by Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, and Brugia timori is seen often in peripheral blood and lymphoid tissue. But it can be isolated from wide variety of soft tissue sites in the body like soft tissue lumps, breast, thyroid, body fluids. Strongyloides stercoralis, a helminthic infection, usually affects the respiratory and gastrointestinal (GI) tract, and frequently picked up in GI biopsies. However, in cases of hyper infection and patients with altered immunity, it can be isolated from other rare sites like body fluid samples. Accurate morphological Identification and confirmation are important for specific management. We report a case of microfilaria isolated from cerebrospinal fluid and a case of Strongyloides larva isolated from ascitic fluid in clinically unsuspected cases of these two parasitic infestations. We have also added a brief discussion on morphological differences between the two larval forms.
Long‐lasting behavioral and neuroendocrine changes provoked in rabbits by cancelling a single nursing bout in early lactation
Authors: García Fernández Hilda L. , Chavira‐Ramírez David R. , González‐Mariscal Gabriela 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTo restore estrus in lactating doe rabbits, nursing was prevented on lactation day 10 and allowed again from day 12 onward. This “biostimulation” procedure, used to accelerate reproduction, allows kit survival despite a 48 hr fast. Yet, the consequences of “biostimulation” on their psychobiological and neuroendocrine development are largely unknown. Therefore, we determined, in adult males and females, tested in the morning or afternoon: corticosteroid secretion (baseline and reactive), sexual behavior, and responses in six tests measuring stress/anxiety. The latter were not affected by maternal deprivation or time of testing in either sex. The lordosis quotient was reduced in deprived does (relative to controls), an effect eliminated when only non‐kins (of both groups) were compared. Deprived males showed altered sexual behavior, evidenced by a large number of mounts not culminating in ejaculation. Corticosterone and cortisol secretion increased (relative to baseline) following i.m. saline in all groups, but the magnitude of the response was affected by maternal deprivation, time of day, and sex. Results indicate that particular behaviors and reactivity to stress have different thresholds regarding the effects of mother–litter separation in early lactation.
Isolation calls in house mouse pups: Individual consistency across time and situations
Authors: Verjat Aurélie , Rödel Heiko G. , Féron Christophe 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIsolation calls are emitted by the offspring of many mammalian species when separated from caregivers and siblings. Some studies indicate that isolation call rates constitute a consistent individual trait; others show that the young adjust their vocalization rate to the current situation. We studied this in the house mouse (Mus musculus domesticus) by exploring individual consistencies in pup isolation call rates and their potential modulation in different social situations. We carried out experiments including three treatments (repeated measurements) during consecutive days, all starting with an initial isolation of the pup, followed by (a) a reunion with mother and littermates and a second isolation hereafter, (b) the confrontation of isolated pup with cues of its own nest or (c) with cues of an unfamiliar adult male. The first treatment induced a significant increase, while the others induced significant decreases in pup isolation call rates. Pups showed consistent individual differences in initial call rates across the three days of testing (postnatal days 9–11), which were significantly associated with individual differences in call rates during the different treatments. We conclude that pup isolation calls represent a consistent, trait‐like behaviour in the house mouse, which can also express flexibility in response to social cues.
Late Pleistocene speciation of three closely related tree peonies endemic to the Qinling–Daba Mountains, a major glacial refugium in Central China
Authors: Xu Xing‐Xing , Cheng Fang‐Yun , Peng Li‐Ping , Sun Yan‐Qiang , Hu Xian‐Ge , Li San‐Yuan , Xian Hong‐Li , Jia Kai‐Hua , Abbott Richard J. , Mao Jian‐Feng 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDetermining the factors promoting speciation is a major task in ecological and evolutionary research and can be aided by phylogeographic analysis. The Qinling–Daba Mountains (QDM) located in central China form an important geographic barrier between southern subtropical and northern temperate regions, and exhibit complex topography, climatic, and ecological diversity. Surprisingly, few phylogeographic analyses and studies of plant speciation in this region have been conducted. To address this issue, we investigated the genetic divergence and evolutionary histories of three closely related tree peony species (Paeonia qiui, P. jishanensis, and P. rockii) endemic to the QDM. Forty populations of the three tree peony species were genotyped using 22 nuclear simple sequence repeat markers (nSSRs) and three chloroplast DNA sequences to assess genetic structure and phylogenetic relationships, supplemented by morphological characterization and ecological niche modeling (ENM). Morphological and molecular genetic analyses showed the three species to be clearly differentiated from each other. In addition, coalescent analyses using DIYABC conducted on nSSR variation indicated that the species diverged from each other in the late Pleistocene, while ecological niche modeling (ENM) suggested they occupied a larger area during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) than at present. The combined genetic evidence from nuclear and chloroplast DNA and the results of ENM indicate that each species persisted through the late Pleistocene in multiple refugia in the Qinling, Daba, and Taihang Mountains with divergence favored by restricted gene flow caused by geographic isolation, ecological divergence, and limited pollen and seed dispersal. Our study contributes to a growing understanding of the origin and population structure of tree peonies and provides insights into the high level of plant endemism present in the Qinling–Daba Mountains of Central China.
Population structure of avian malaria parasites
Authors: Humphries Meghann B. , Stacy Matthew T. , Ricklefs Robert E. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe geographic distribution of genetic diversity in malaria parasite populations (Apicomplexa: Haemosporida) presumably influences local patterns of virulence and the evolution of host‐resistance, but little is known about population genetic structure in these parasites. We assess the distribution of genetic diversity in the partial Domain I of apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA1) in three mtDNA‐defined lineages of avian Plasmodium to determine spatial population structure and host–parasite genetic relationships. We find that one parasite lineage is genetically differentiated in association with a single host genus and among some locations, but not with respect to other hosts. Two other parasite lineages are undifferentiated with respect to host species but exhibit geographic differentiation that is inconsistent with shared geographic barriers or with isolation‐by‐distance. Additional differentiation within two other lineages is unassociated with host species or location; in one case, we tentatively interpret this differentiation as the result of mitochondrial introgression from one of the lineages into a second lineage. More sampling of nuclear genetic diversity within populations of avian Plasmodium is needed to rule out coinfection as a possible confounding factor. If coinfections are not responsible for these findings, further assessment is needed to determine the frequency of mitonuclear discordance and its implications for defining parasite lineages based on mitochondrial genetic variation.OPEN RESEARCH BADGES

This article has earned an Open Data Badge for making publicly available the digitally‐shareable data necessary to reproduce the reported results. The data is available at Genbank https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/, accession numbers MK965548‐MK965653 and MK929797‐MK930264.
Experimental nitrogen addition alters structure and function of a boreal bog: critical load and thresholds revealed
Authors: Wieder R. Kelman , Vitt Dale H. , Vile Melanie A. , Graham Jeremy A. , Hartsock Jeremy A. , Fillingim Hope , House Melissa , Quinn James C. , Scott Kimberli D. , Petix Meaghan , McMillen Kelly J. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBogs and fens cover 6% and 21%, respectively, of the 140,329 km2Oil Sands Administrative Area in northern Alberta. Development of the oil sands has led to increasing atmospheric N deposition, with values as high as 17 kg N·ha−1·yr−1; regional background deposition is <2 kg N·ha−1·yr−1. Bogs, being ombrotrophic, may be especially susceptible to increasing N deposition. To examine responses to N deposition, over five years, we experimentally applied N (asNH4NO3) to a bog near Mariana Lake, Alberta, unaffected by oil sands activities, at rates of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 kg N·ha−1·yr−1, plus controls (no water or N addition). Increasing N addition: (1) stimulated N2fixation at deposition <3.1 kg N·ha−1·yr−1, and progressively inhibited N2fixation as N deposition increased above this level; (2) had no effect onSphagnum fuscumnet primary production (NPP) in years 1, 2, and 4, but inhibitedS. fuscumNPPin years 3 and 5; (3) stimulated dominant shrub andPicea marianaNPP; (4) led to increased root biomass and production; (5) changedSphagnumspecies relative abundance (decrease inS. fuscum, increase inS. magellanicum, no effect onS. angustifolium); (6) led to increasing abundance ofRhododendron groenlandicumandAndromeda polifolia, and to vascular plants in general; (7) led to increasing shrub leaf N concentrations inAndromeda polifolia,Chamaedaphne calyculata,Vaccinium oxycoccos,V. vitis‐idaea, andPicea mariana; (8) stimulated cellulose decomposition, with no effect onS. fuscumpeat or mixed vascular plant litter decomposition; (9) had no effect on net N mineralization rates or on porewaterNH4+‐N,NO3−‐N, orDONconcentrations; and (10) had minimal effects on peat microbial community composition. Increasing experimental N addition led to a switch from new N being taken up primarily bySphagnumto being taken up primarily by shrubs. As shrub growth and cover increase,Sphagnumabundance andNPPdecrease. Because inhibition of N2fixation by increasing N deposition plays a key role in bog structural and functional responses, we recommend a N deposition critical load of 3 kg N·ha−1·yr−1for northern Alberta bogs.
Temporal dynamic analysis of a mountain ecosystem based on multi‐source and multi‐scale remote sensing data
Authors: Ibarrola‐Ulzurrun Edurne , Marcello Javier , Gonzalo‐Martín Consuelo , Martín‐Esquivel José Luis 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDuring the last decades, ecosystems have suffered a decline in natural resources due to climate change and anthropogenic pressure. Specifically, the European rabbit introduced by humans, as well as drought episodes, have led to a change in the vegetation structure of a mountainous ecosystem: Teide National Park in Spain. Teide managers studied, with field‐based traditional methods, how the two keystone vegetation species, Spartocytisus supranubius and Pterocephalus lasiospermus, have changed their dynamics in this vulnerable and heterogenic ecosystem. However, remote sensing is an important tool for classifying, monitoring, and managing large areas in a fast and economic way. This work proposes a methodological framework to monitor the changes produced in this protected area using multi‐source remote sensing imagery. The results strengthen and extend the analysis followed by the National Park managers, demonstrating that S. supranubius has decreased its population while P. lasiospermus has increased. Moreover, this study presents thematic maps of the species of interest, as well as its specific coverage at different dates, providing quantitative data difficult to get with traditional approaches.
Definition and treatment of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy: an updated expert panel report
Authors: Elliott Perry M. , Anastasakis Aris , Asimaki Angeliki , Basso Cristina , Bauce Barbara , Brooke Matthew A. , Calkins Hugh , Corrado Domenico , Duru Firat , Green Kathleen J. , Judge Daniel P. , Kelsell David , Lambiase Pier D. , McKenna William J. , Pilichou Kalliopi , Protonotarios Alexandros , Saffitz Jeffrey E. , Syrris Petros , Tandri Hari , Te Riele Anneline , Thiene Gaetano , Tsatsopoulou Adalena , van Tintelen J. Peter 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIt is 35 years since the first description of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) and more than 20 years since the first reports establishing desmosomal gene mutations as a major cause of the disease. Early advances in the understanding of the clinical, pathological and genetic architecture of ARVC resulted in consensus diagnostic criteria, which proved to be sensitive but not entirely specific for the disease. In more recent years, clinical and genetic data from families and the recognition of a much broader spectrum of structural disorders affecting both ventricles and associated with a propensity to ventricular arrhythmia have raised many questions about pathogenesis, disease terminology and clinical management. In this paper, we present the conclusions of an expert round table that aimed to summarise the current state of the art in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathies and to define future research priorities.
Development and validation of a novel SiFaSTRTM 23‐plex system
Authors: Zheng Hancheng , Tao Ruiyang , Zhang Jingyi , Zhang Jiashuo , Wang Shouyu , Yang Zihao , Xu Qiannan , Gao Yuzhen , Zhang Suhua , Li Chengtao 
Published: June 2019

AbstractHuman identification and paternity testing are usually based on the study of STRs depending on their particular characteristics in the forensic investigation. In this paper, we developed a sensitive genotyping system, SiFaSTR™ 23‐plex, which is able to characterize 18 expanded Combined DNA Index System STRs (D3S1358, D5S818, D2S1338, TPOX, CSF1PO, TH01, vWA, D7S820, D21S11, D10S1248, D8S1179, D1S1656, D18S51, D12S391, D19S433, D16S539, D13S317, and FGA), three highly polymorphic STRs among Chinese people (Penta D, Penta E, and D6S1043), one Y‐chromosome Indel and amelogenin using a multiplex PCR; the PCR amplified products were analyzed using the Applied Biosystems 3500 Genetic Analyzer. Full genotyping profiles were obtained using only 31.25 pg of control DNA; various case‐type specimens, as well as ten‐year‐old samples were also successfully genotyped. Additionally, in the validation studies, this multiplex was demonstrated to be human‐specific and compatible with the interference of multiple PCR inhibitors. The system also enabled the detection of mixtures, and complete profiles could be obtained at the mixed ratios of 1:1, 1:3, and 3:1. The development and validation study here illustrated that the SiFaSTR™ 23‐plex system is accurate, powerful, and more sensitive than many other systems. What's more, the population data in our study not only illustrated that this 23‐plex typing system was straightforward and efficient but also expanded the Chinese STR database, which could facilitate the appropriate application of the 23 genetic markers in forensic genetics, especially in the Chinese population.
Exergoeconomic analysis for crude oil gathering and transportation system in matrix pattern
Authors: Cheng Qinglin , Li Zhidong , Yu Chunguang , Wu Hao , Lv Lili , Xie Hongjun , Ma Guoyu 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBased on exergoeconomic theory, the energy consumption situation for a typical oil transfer station in eastern China is evaluated. According to the analysis of the distribution for logistics and exergy flow, the crude oil gathering and transportation system is divided into two subsystems: pipe network and oil transfer station. The unit exergoeconomic costs for each component exergy flow are calculated by computing method in matrix pattern, of which the pressure exergy and thermal exergy at the end of the process are 812.58 yuan/GJ and 1575.24 yuan/GJ, respectively. Simultaneously, exergoeconomic evaluation indicators such as exergy cost growth coefficient, relative cost difference, and exergoeconomic coefficient are calculated, which can conclude the weak link of technical system is heating furnace equipment. The growth value of its exergy cost growth coefficient is 14.988, the relative cost difference is 94.503, and the exergoeconomic coefficient is 9.046, so it has great potential for energy saving. Exergoeconomic analysis method can provide a scientific and effective method or basis during the energy‐saving reconstruction for oil gathering and transportation system.