bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of autoimmune phenomena in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease on the basis of liver pathology
Authors: Zhu Yu-Jin , Zhang Yan , Rao Yao , Jiang Yong , Liu Yong-Gang , Li Jian-Zhou , Yuan Jia-Qi , Zhao Ying , Zheng Wen-Wen , Ma Lin , Wang Chun-Yan , Li Jia 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND
Autoimmune phenomena can be used in some patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the clinic, but these patients are not autoimmune hepatitis patients.
AIM
To determine whether autoimmunity is present in patients with NAFLD, this study was performed.
METHODS
A total of 104 patients with NAFLD diagnosed by liver biopsy at Tianjin Second People’s Hospital between 2019 and 2023 were enrolled. The patients were divided into three groups according to their biopsy results: The NAFL (n = 36), nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (n = 51), and liver cirrhosis groups (n = 17).
RESULTS
The differences in IgA, an immune marker, among the three groups of patients were statistically significant (P = 0.025). In all NAFLD patients, antinuclear antibody and anti-smooth muscle antibody were the most common autoantibodies. The antinuclear antibody detection rate was the highest at 48.1%. The cirrhosis group had the highest autoantibody positivity rate (64.7%). Portal enlargement is also common in NAFLD patients. The rates of positivity for portal lymphoplasmacytic infiltration, small bile duct hyperplasia and interfacial hepatitis were highest in the cirrhosis group; the differences between the cirrhosis group and the other two groups were significant (P < 0.05). Hepatocellular rosettes were identified only in the cirrhosis group (11.8%).
CONCLUSION
Autoimmune phenomena occur in NAFLD patients, especially in patients with NAFLD-related cirrhosis, in whom this phenomenon may be more pronounced.
Clinical profiles and their interaction of concurrent metabolic associated steatotic liver disease and hepatitis B virus infection
Authors: Wang Shao-Wen , Chang Yu-Wen , Wang Ching , Cheng Yu-Ming , Hsieh Tsung-Han , Wang Chia-Chi , Kao Jia-Horng 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND
A new nomenclature of metabolic associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) was proposed in 2023, thus expanding the diagnostic name of “MASLD combined with other etiologies”.
AIM
To investigate the clinical profiles of patients with concurrent MASLD and chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.
METHODS
This study included participants from the Taiwan Bio-bank. The diagnostic criteria of MASLD encompassed hepatic steatosis and any cardio-metabolic risk factors. Positive hepatitis B surface antigen was considered indicative of chronic HBV infection. Dual etiology was defined as MASLD combined with chronic HBV infection (MASLD-HBV). Fibrosis 4 (FIB-4) score determined the severity of liver fibrosis, and atherosclerosis was diagnosed by the presence of carotid plaques on duplex ultrasound.
RESULTS
In a total of 18980 participants (mean age, 55.18 ± 10.35 years; males, 30.42%), there were 7654 (40.3%) MASLD patients and 2128 (11.2%) HBV carriers. After propensity score matching for age and gender, HBV carriers had a lower percentage of MASLD than healthy controls. Those with dual etiology had higher aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and FIB-4 levels, but lower gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels than MASLD patients. In contrast, those with dual etiology had higher ALT and GGT levels, but lower FIB-4 than “HBV alone” patients. The risk of atherosclerosis was similar among these three groups.
CONCLUSION
MASLD-HBV patients have worse liver fibrosis severity than MASLD patients, but better liver fibrosis stage than “HBV alone” patients, suggesting a complex interaction between MASLD and chronic HBV infection.
Synthesis and spectroscopic characterizations of zinc(II) oxide in nanosized range as a smart materials in treatment and recycling of wastewater
Authors: Y. El-Sayed Mohamed , A. El-Ossaily Yasser , M. Ahmed I. , H.A. Hasanin Tamer , Mohsen Q. , S. Refat Moamen 
Published: November 2024

The new reaction between zinc(II) chloride and glutaconic acid (C5H6O4) was studied. The results indicate the formation of zinc(II) glutaconate complex with a molar ratio of metal to organic ligand (glutaconic acid) of 2:1 with the general formula [Zn2(C5H4O4)(Cl)2(H2O)2].4H2O. The infrared spectrum of the glutaconate suggested that the two carboxylate groups are bidentate chelating. The current study uses a thermal breakdown approach to synthesize zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs). The synthesized ZnO NPs were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscope (FTIR). The crystallite size was calculated using Scherer's formula, which was 54 nm. The degradation of hydrogen peroxide, or H2O2, solution was used to test the produced ZnO NPs' catalytic activity performance. The results showed that ZnO NPs could efficiently break down H2O2. The ZnO NPs' photocatalytic capabilities have been assessed using methylene blue (MB) and UV light in an aqueous solution, according to the data, 77% of photocatalytic degradation towards MB in 240 min occurs.
KEY WORDS: ZnO NPs, Methylene blue dye, Photocatalytic, Metal-glutaconate complexation.
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2025, 39(2), 257-270.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v39i2.6
Synthesis, characterization, antioxidant activity, docking and simulation of potential anticancer agents of azo dye for pyridyl and its palladium(II) complex
Authors: Mohammed Hasan , Sultan Atteqa , Ali Eltayb Wafa , O. Edet Uwem , Aniebo Umoh Ekementeabasi , Abdalla Mohnad 
Published: November 2024

Herein, we describe the preparation and characterization of a novel azo dye of pyridyl, namely, (E)-N-(4-hydroxy-3-(pyridin-3-yldiazenyl)phenyl)acetamide (EHPYPA) and its palladium(II) complex. The palladium(II) complex bears the formulation [Pd(EHPYPA)Cl], which is reported by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, CHN analysis, FT-IR, UV–Vis, 1HNMR spectroscopies, molecular docking and simulation. The synthesis and structural properties of the azo dye and its palladium(II) complex are reported. The EHPYPA ligand showed important changes in the colours and spectra at different values of acidity, which permit to use of it as an indicator in analytical chemistry. The EHPYPA ligand behaves as N,O-bidentate donor ligand forming chelates. The ligand and palladium complex have been screened against the SKOV-3 cell line using the MTT method. Furthermore, the docking results indicate favourable docking with scores were -7.3 kcal/mol, -7.8 kcal/mol, and -11.2 kcal/mol for the ligand, palladium complex and Co-crystal. RMSD values for the prepared compounds indicate stability while PSA, MolSA and SASA values indicate favorable drug-like potentials for the ligands. The palladium complex has been investigated as an anticancer agent where the activity data had shown that the palladium metal complex has to be a more potent anticancer than the parent azo ligand, suggesting that metalation increases the anticancer activity of the azo ligand of pyridyl.
KEY WORDS: Cell line, Palladium, Azo, Complex, Indicator, Molecular docking
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2025, 39(2), 287-300.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v39i2.8
Quelques pistes pour l'étude des situations d'informatique débranchée
Authors: Duchene Eric , Parreau Aline 
Published: November 2024

Computer science unplugged is a scientific popularization project initiated in the 1990s by a team of New Zealand researchers. It enables participants to discover the major concepts of computer science, without a computer, through physical activies or the use of physical material, and also to initiate them into the computer science research process. This device, which is currently widely considered by both mediators and teachers, requires an in-depth analysis as a tool for transmitting knowledge. This analysis is currently in its beginning. Through three examples of popularization situations in computer science unplugged, we propose lines of thought based on observations with the perspective of a more complete didactic analysis of these situations and their transposition into classrooms.L'informatique débranchée est un dispositif de médiation scientifique introduit dans les années 1990 par une équipe de chercheurs néo-zélandais. Elle permet, sans ordinateur et via des mises en scène corporelles ou l'utilisation de matériel original, de faire découvrir aux participant.e.s les grands concepts de la science informatique, mais aussi de les initier à la démarche de recherche en informatique. Ce dispositif actuellement largement considéré à la fois par les médiateur.rice.s et les enseignant.e.s nécessite une analyse approfondie en tant qu'outil de transmission de savoir. Cette analyse n'en est actuellement qu'à ses balbutiements. A travers trois exemples de situation de médiation en informatique débranchée (SMID), nous proposons des pistes de réflexions issues d'observations sur le terrain en vue d'une analyse didactique des SMID plus complète et d'une transposition en classe.
Safety Assessment RP746 Alpha-Galactosidase and Endo-1,4-Betaglucanase (Agal-Pro BL and Agal-Pro BL L®)
Authors:   Food Standards Agency,   Food Standards Scotland
Published: November 2024

An application was submitted to the Food Standards Agency (FSA) in March 2021 from Kerry Ingredients and Flavours (“the applicant”) for the renewal of authorisation of an additive (alpha-galactosidase and endo-1,4-betaglucanase-AGal-Pro BL and AGal-Pro BL L), under the category of ‘zootechnical additive’ and functional group ‘digestibility enhancer’. The additive is intended for use at 50-100 mg/kg of complete feed for chickens for fattening, minor poultry species for fattening and chickens reared for laying. The Advisory Committee on Animal Feedingstuffs (ACAF) was asked to review the dossier and the supplementary information submitted by the Applicant, and to advise the Food Standards Agency and Food Standards Scotland (FSA/FSS) in evaluating the dossier. Based on ACAF’s advice, the FSA/FSS concluded on a recommended dose at 50-100 mg/kg of complete feed. The initial EFSA evaluation in 2011,1 20132 and 20143 confirmed that the additive is safe for the target species, consumers and the environment at the proposed conditions of use. The applicant conducted a literature review covering the period 2009 to 2020 and found no reported negative effects in this time. Regarding user/worker safety, the additive is considered a potential respiratory and skin sensitiser, as well as a skin and eye irritant. The efficacy of the additive was not evaluated, as this was a renewal of authorisation. The views of ACAF have been taken into account in this safety assessment which represents the opinion of the FSA/FSS.
Safety Assessment RP709 Protease (Subtilisin) Produced by Bacillus Licheniformis DSM 33099 (ProAct 360)
Authors:   Food Standards Agency,   Food Standards Scotland
Published: November 2024

An application was submitted to the Food Standards Agency in March 2021 from DSM Nutritional Products LTD (“the applicant”) for the new authorisation of an additive (ProAct 360) containing protease (subtilisin), under the category of “zootechnical additives” and functional group “digestibility enhancers”. The additive is proposed to be used in growing poultry, with a proposed inclusion rate of 30,000 NFP/kg of complete feed (12% moisture). The Advisory Committee on Animal Feedingstuffs (ACAF) was asked to review the dossier and the supplementary information submitted by the Applicant, and to advise the Food Standards Agency and Food Standards Scotland (FSA/FSS) in evaluating the dossier. The FSA/FSS concluded, based on the ACAF’s advice, that the additive was correctly identified and characterised. No causes for concern were raised in this section of the dossier. The feed additive is safe for consumers, the target animal and the environment. The additive should be considered a potential respiratory sensitiser, dermal sensitiser and eye irritant. It is not a skin irritant. Based on data from three efficacy studies in broilers, it was concluded that the additive ProAct 360 is efficacious in growing poultry when included in feed at a dose of 30,000 NFP/kg. The views of ACAF have been taken into account in this safety assessment which represents the opinion of the FSA/FSS.
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Debitur Yang Beritikad Baik dalam Wanprestasi Gagal Bayar Pinjaman Uang Berbasis Teknologi
Authors: Karima Shifa , Iryani Dewi , Hartana Hartana 
Published: November 2024

Dalam peraturan POJK No.77/POJK.01.2016 pasal 1 amgka 3 dijelaskan bahwa penyelenggaraan layanan jasa keuangan untuk mempertemukamn pemberi pinjaman dengan penerima pijaman dalam rangka melakukan perjanjian pinjaman secara online. Dan di jelaskan dalam Perundang-undangan Otoritas Jasa Ke. uangan Nomor 12 Tahun 2011 pasal 6 di jelaskan juga bahwa sebagai berikut: OJK melaksanakan tugas pengaturan dan pengawasan terhadap: I. Kegiatan jasa keuangan disektor perbankan. II. Dari dua permasalahan tersebut dapat ditarik rumusan masalah yaitu Bagaimana Pengaturan Hukum Mengenai Pinjaman Uang Berbasis Teknologi (Fintecht) dan Bagaimana Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Para Pihak Yang Gagal Bayar Sehingga Menimbulkan Wanprestasi Pinjaman Uang Berbasis Teknologi (Fintechth). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian Normatif. Hasil Penelitian yang diperoleh adalah Pengaturan Hukum Mengenai Pinjaman Uang Berbasis Teknologi (Fintecht) ini telah diatur didalam Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Nomor 77/POJK.01/2016 Tentang Layanan Pinjam Meminjam Uang Berbasis Teknologi Informasi. Dilihat dari hal diatas maka pengaturana mengenai pinjaman uang berbasis teknologi yang ada telah jelas dan diperkuat dengan dasar hukum oleh undangundang yang tertulis. Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Para Pihak Yang Gagal Bayar Sehingga Menimbulkan Wanprestasi Pinjaman Uang Berbasis Teknologi (Fintechth) saat ini perlindungan hukum akan para pihak gagal bayar dalam pinjaman uang berbasis teknologi ini masih belum terlihat letak perlindungan yang kuat. Baik debitur maupun debitur sama sama dilindungi dalam melaksanakan kewajibannya. Dari pihak debitur belum terlihat perlindungan yang dirasakan dalam keamanan data pribadi dan keamanan akan kemudahan pembayaran pinjaman uanag berbasis teknologi
A Study of Wyndham Lewis’s Hitler (1931) and The Hitler Cult (1939) in the Light of Literary Modernism and Politics
Authors: Gholami Mohsen 
Published: November 2024

The present research delves into Wyndham Lewis’s political writings Hitler (1931) and The Hitler Cult (1939) through the critical viewpoint of Leon Surette to magnify modernism and its intersections with politics. Surette’s analytical approach stresses the ambivalent feelings and apparent contradictions in Lewis’s involvement with fascism, totalitarianism, and the broader political context of the interwar period (1918-1939). By examining these polemical and disputatious works through Surette’s lens, this research paper seeks to unravel how Lewis’s literary modernism wrestle with the political realities of his time, especially the peak and trough of Adolf Hitler and the allure of authoritarianism. In this fashion, Hitler (1931) portrays Lewis’s sophisticated mind and often contentious position, amalgamating modernist techniques with a problematic portrayal of Hitler as both a political figure and a modernist symbol. In contrast, The Hitler Cult (1939) manifests a marked change in Lewis’s perspective, moving from ambivalence to a more explicit conviction of the Nazi movement and the potential dangers of cult-like political extremism. In the end, this paper argues that Hitler and The Hitler Cult provide a nuanced and often contradictory exploration of the intersection between literary modernism and politics.
Utilización de herramientas tecnológicas como estrategias para el aprendizaje significativo
Authors: Acevedo Cermeño Cindy Gabriela 
Published: November 2024

OBJETIVO: determinar el uso que hacen los estudiantes de Profesorado de Enseñanza Media y Técnico en Administración Educativa de las herramientas tecnológicas como estrategias de aprendizaje significativo. MÉTODO: Investigación cualitativa con una muestra seleccionada de manera intencionada y no probabilística, conformada por 73 estudiantes de segundo año de profesorado, 6 docentes y 1 coordinador de sede de Barberena, Santa Rosa de la Facultad de Humanidades de la Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala. RESULTADOS: Los estudiantes utilizan herramientas tecnológicas como estrategias de aprendizaje tales como Google Slides para realizar organizadores gráficos, infografías, trípticos, Power Point para realizar presentaciones, Google Docs para trabajos colaborativos en tiempo real y YouTube, Gmail, WhatsApp, Facebook Groups, Zoom Meetings para establecer comunicación entre docentes y estudiantes, Wikispace y Moodle para gestión de la información en los cursos asignados, lo que les permiten realizar actividades más prácticas y mejorar la presentación de sus tareas. Los estudiantes valoran las TIC como recursos innovadores, capaces de facilitar el aprendizaje y acelerar la obtención de información. CONCLUSIÓN: Estudiantes y docentes reconocieron que las TIC facilitan el aprendizaje mediante diversas herramientas y estrategias para transmitir ideas originales en sus tareas, destacaron su utilidad para acceder a información, mejorar la comunicación y fomentar la creatividad. Además, las consideraron prácticas para lograr un aprendizaje significativo. El coordinador de sede consideró que las estrategias de enseñanza se adaptan a los intereses de los estudiantes mediante la selección de herramientas tecnológicas adecuadas, asegurando un aprendizaje significativo.
Test Re-Test Reliability of Countermovement Jump, Single Leg Countermovement Jump, and Countermovement Rebound Jump Force Plate Metrics in Female Football Players
Authors: Fahey Jack , McMahon John , Ripley Nicholas J 
Published: November 2024

Female football is growing exponentially. Assessing changes in neuromuscular function enables injury risk profiling using single and multiple countermovement jumps (CMJ) in female footballers who are at greater injury risk. Single leg CMJ (SLCMJ) is sensitive to detect such changes, but test-retest reliability is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine test-retest reliability of phase-specific metrics during CMJ, SLCMJ and countermovement rebound (CMJ-R) in female youth footballers. Twenty-six elite female footballers (15.4±1.6 years, 59.2±2.4 kg, 165.8±4.8 cm) performed three, arms akimbo, CMJ, SLCMJ and CMJ-R trials on two sessions seven days apart, using force plates and associated software. System weight, jump momentum and average braking force had good-excellent reliability. CMJ demonstrated greater reliability followed by CMJ-R, dominant limb (DL: preferred kicking limb) SLCMJ and non-dominant limb (NDL) SLCMJ. Jump height had good-excellent reliability for CMJ and CMJ-R. SLCMJ absolute reliability (upper 95 confidence interval [CI] coefficient of variation) was moderate for both limbs. Relative reliability (lower 95 CI interclass correlation coefficient) was good for DL, but poor for NDL. Considering increased injury risk in female athletes, selecting reliable metrics facilitate accurate neuromuscular function assessment for injury risk profiling. This study describes phase-specific test-retest reliability in female youth footballers.
PENYULUHAN KEKURANGAN ENERGI KRONIS (KEK) PADA IBU HAMIL DAN PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF DI WILAYAH UPTD PUSKESMAS CIBARUSAH TAHUN 2024
Authors: Nisa Hainun , Rostianingsih Dewi , Kresna Wati Puri , Junita Friska 
Published: November 2024

Kekurangan Energi Kronis merupakan keadaan patologis karena kekurangan zat gizi (malnutrisi). Kondisi ibu yang hamil dengan KEK dapat menyebabkan gangguan pada kesehatan ibu dan janin di dalam kandungan (Nur D, 2020). Untuk mengantisipasi komplikasi KEK selain penatalaksanaan yang dilakukan selama kehamilan maka rencanakan asuhan pemberian ASI Eksklusif yang adekuat segera telah lahir. Pada tahun 2020 WHO kembali memaparkan data berupa angka pemberian ASI eksklusif secara global, walaupun telah ada peningkatan, namun angka ini tidak meningkat cukup signifikan, yaitu sekitar 44% bayi usia 0-6 bulan di seluruh dunia yang mendapatkan ASI eksklusif selama periode 2015 2020 dari 50% target pemberian ASI eksklusif menurut WHO (Parapat, F. M., Haslin, S., & Siregar, 2022). Masih rendahnya pemberian ASI eksklusif akan berdampak pada kualitas dan daya hidup generasi penerus. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah Memberikan pemahaman dan penjelasan mengenai pencegahan KEK dan Mengatasi KEK pada ibu hamil dan memberikan penjelasan mengenai KEK pada ibu hamil, dan pemberian ASI Eksklusif. Pengabdian Masyarakat dilakukan dengan metode 2 arah yaitu penyampaian teori dengan lembar balik dan pembagian leaflet dilanjutkan dengan tanya jawab. Hasil dari kegiatan ini Pelaksanaan pengabdian masyarakat berjalan dengan lancar dengan peserta 44 ibu hamil. Semua peserta sangat bersemangat mengikuti kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini, Artinya dengan adanya penyuluhan dapat memberikan dampak yang signifikan terhadap pembelajaran dan pengetahuan mengenai kekurangan energi kronis (KEK) pada ibu hamil dan pemberian ASI Eksklusif. Dalam penyuluhan ini juga dibahas secara langsung tentang mencegah dan menangani KEK pada ibu hamil dengan telur rebus ayam ras dan juga pentingnya pemberian ASI Eksklusif.

Kata Kunci : Penyuluhan, Ibu Hamil, KEK dan ASI Eksklusif
Carrera administrativa, desde un enfoque práctico:
Authors: Rodríguez Villarreal Antonio Ariel 
Published: November 2024

La Carrera Administrativa, es obligatoria para todas las instituciones públicas del Estado, y los municipios subsidiados. Se aplica en forma supletoria para todas las instituciones que se regulen por leyes especiales u otras Carreras de la Función Púbica.
En la Ley de Carrera Administrativa, se establecen los derechos y deberes de los servidores públicos en general, así como los derechos que tienen los servidores públicos de Carrera Administrativa, como la estabilidad laboral en los puestos de trabajo. Esta estabilidad laboral la adquieren los servidores públicos que hayan sido incorporados a la Carrera Administrativa por la Dirección General de Carrera Administrativa, bien sea a través del Procedimiento Ordinario de Ingreso o “concurso” (POI) o el Procedimiento Especial de Ingreso (PEI), siempre que los servidores públicos cumplan con los requisitos del cargo exigidos por el Manual Institucional de Clases Ocupacionales.
A través de la Ley 9 de 1994, se adoptó la Carrera Administrativa, sin embargo, con el pasar de los años, la Ley de Carrera Administrativa, ha sido modificada e 4 cuatro ocasiones y debido tales modificaciones realizadas la Ley de Carrera Administrativa, carece de un orden estructural lógico, lo que causa confusión en la aplicación e interpretación de las normas relacionadas a la administración de recursos humanos de los servidores públicos.
Además de lo anterior, se han creado nuevos organismos públicos dentro del sistema de Carrera Administrativa, como lo es el caso del Tribunal Administrativo de la Función Pública, que viene a reemplazar a la Junta de Apelación y Carrera Administrativa.
tipos ideales de Max Weber
Authors: Campos Alvarado Vanessa 
Published: November 2024

El derecho es una ciencia social y como tal requiere sus propios métodos de investigación. Particularmente para aquellos que se forman como profesionales del derecho y a los que se les enseña el estricto cumplimiento de las legislación y de sus sentencias, casi de forma incuestionable, como docentes, hay que ser capaces de infundir a estos el pensamiento crítico, la reflexión y la actitud propositiva que puede ser la esperanza para el nacimiento de legislaciones en las que siempre predomine la justicia. Una de las formas para ejercitar ese recurso humano en rutas es a través de desarrollo de las tipologías ideales de Max Weber que a su vez fomenta el método comparativo. Permite la creación de modelos ideales por los investigadores para ser contrastados con las realidades permitiendo el surgimiento de teorías hipótesis y propuestas.