bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect ofMulches and Phosphorus on Growth and Yield of Squash (Cucurbita pepo)
Authors: Akhter F , Mostarin T , Islam MN , Akhter S 
Published: March 2019

This study was conducted at the Horticultural Farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during October, 2015 to January, 2016 to determine the effects of mulches and phosphorus on the growth and yield of squash (Cucurbita pepo). The experiment consisted of two factors. Factor A: different mulches and Factor B: phosphorus (3 levels). The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Mulches and phosphorus showed significant effects on most of the parameters. In case of mulches, highest individual fruit weight (328.0 g) and fruit yield (37.0 tha-1) was recorded from black polythene, whereas the lowest fruit weight (280.8 g) and fruit yield (21.5 tha-1) was recorded from control. In case of phosphorus, highest individual fruit weight (300.4 g) and fruit yield (31.3 tha-1) was recorded from 90 kg P2O5/ha,whereas the lowest fruit weight (290.4 g) and fruit yield (26.2 tha-1) was recorded from control. For combination, highest individual fruit weight (338.2 g) and fruit yield (39.9 t ha-1) were recorded from black polythene with 90 kg P2O5/ha while the lowest individual fruit weight (272.2 g) and fruit yield (19.7 t ha-1) were recorded from control treatment. Black polythene mulch with 90 kg P2O5/ha was found suitable for squash cultivation under the condition of the study.
The Agriculturists 2018; 16(2) 25-34
Productivity and Profitability of Four Crops Based Cropping Pattern in Cumilla Region of Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain MH , Bhowal SK , Bashir MM , Khan ASMMR 
Published: March 2019

Field experiment was conducted at the farmers' field of Amratoli, Barura multi location testing site of Cumilla during 2014-15 and 2015-16 to increase cropping intensity and productivity by inclusion of T. Aus in existing cropping pattern. Thus experiment variables were F: Existing cropping pattern (Potato -Boro-Fallow-T. Aman) and FA: Alternate cropping pattern (Potato- Boro- T. Aus- T.Aman). Research result indicated that rice equivalent yield (REY) in alternate cropping pattern was 43.46 t ha-1, which is 25.90% higher over existing pattern (34.52 t ha-1). Higher gross return (Tk. 651900 ha-1), gross margin (Tk. 416520 ha-1) and higher marginal benefit cost ratio (2.77) obtained from alternate cropping pattern messaged that this pattern may be recommended to other extrapolation areas of Cumilla region.
The Agriculturists 2018; 16(2) 88-92
Determination of Crop Co-efficient Values for Jute (Corchorus olitorius L.)
Authors: Milla AJ , Akanda AR , Biswas SK , Uddin MA 
Published: March 2019

Site specific calibration of crop coefficient (Kc) values is essential for irrigation scheduling of any crop. In order to determine the values of Kc for jute, an experiment was conducted at the Irrigation and Water Management Division of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur. An improved jute variety BJRI Tosa-2 (O-9897) was used in this experiment. The study examined growth and yield of the jute in terms of four irrigation treatments distributed over 7-28 days intervals. The treatments were so designed that drainage was allowed between the consecutive irrigations. Irrigation at 14days interval produced the highest dry fiber yield (3.93 t/ha) and was considered to be suitable for estimating seasonal crop evapotranspiration and Kc values. The seasonal crop ET was 549.13 mm under this treatment. The Kc values of jute at initial, development, mid-season and late season stages were found to be 0.72, 1.39, 1.26 and 0.46, respectively. As there is no FAO-recommended Kc value for this crop, this locally calibrated values can be used for similar climatic conditions of Bangladesh and elsewhere. Therefore, based on Kc value, it can be recommended that jute can be irrigated by equal amount of water needed for crop evapotranspiration (ETc) for different growth stages (141.05, 142.57, 167.34, and 84.30 mm) to get maximum dry fiber yield.
The Agriculturists 2018; 16(2) 115-122
Utilization of Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) Seed’s Flour in Food Processing: A Review
Authors: Akter Bonany , Haque M Amdadul 
Published: March 2019

Although jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) seeds have significant food value, these are underutilized by both human and animals due to lack of information about nutrient contents and its effective use in food formulations. This review article aimed to highlight the information regarding physicochemical properties, nutrient contents and prospective use of jackfruit seeds flour in food formulations. Various research results on preparation of food products like bread, cake and noodles by supplementing jackfruit seeds flour are reported herein. Seeds flour contains high amount of starch, protein, fiber, ash and essential minerals such as calcium, phosphorus and iron. Functional properties – water/oil absorption capacity, solubility, swelling power, bulk density, gelatinization, foaming capacity, emulsification- of seeds flour are summarized. Facts from nutritional, functional and sensory assessments suggest that jackfruit seeds flour can be used in various processed products. It can also be used as an alternate source for starch.
The Agriculturists 2018; 16(2) 131-142
Comparison between Sutureless and Glue Free versus Sutured Limbal Conjunctival Autograft in Primary Pterygium Surgery
Authors: Huda Md Mahmud Ul , Khaleque Sajed Abdul 
Published: March 2019

Introduction: To compare and evaluate the safety and efficacy of two surgical techniques for the management of primary pterygium.
Materials & Methods: The study included 176 eyes of 176 patients with primary pterygium. The mean age was 49 ± 12 years (range 24–74 years). Simple excision under local anesthesia was performed followed by closure of the bare sclera by suture less and glue free conjunctival autograft in 76 eyes of 76 patients (group 1), versus the conventional method of a sutured conjunctival autograft in 100 eyes of 100 patients (group 2).
Results: The pterygium recurrence rate was 6% for group 1, 8% for group 2. Graft dehiscence occurred in 4 eyes out of 50 (8%) in group 1. Graft retraction occurred in 6 (12%) out of 50 eyes for group 1 versus 6 eyes (6%) in group 2. Pyogenic granuloma occurred in 3 (3%) eyes out of 100 in group 2. No other serious complications were noted. At the 3 week visit the overall patient satisfaction score was statistically significantly higher for group 1 (P < 0.002) compared to group 2. At 3 months postoperatively, the gain in uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) ranged from 0.2 to 0.5 Log MAR in 10 eyes.
Conclusion: Sutureless and glue free conjunctival autograft technique is easy, safe, effective, prevents potential adverse reactions encountered with the use of foreign materials. This technique has an acceptable pterygium recurrence rate that is comparable to conventional sutured conjunctival autograft for primary pterygium.
Medicine Today 2018 Vol.31(1): 1-8
Medication Adherence Patterns to Anti-diabetic Drugs among Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Shaha Kartick Chanda , Khan Mohammed Asaduzzaman , Akter Farhana , Jyoti Bhagyoshree Karmokar 
Published: March 2019

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the pattern of medication adherence to anti-diabetic drugs among type 2 diabetic patients at two tertiary level hospitals in Mymensingh.
Materials and Methods: An observational, cross sectional study was conducted from January 2016 to June 2016 among patients attending at Endocrine Outpatient Department of the Mymensingh Medical College Hospital and Medicine Outpatient Department of the Community Based Medical College Hospital, after obtaining requisite consent from the patients. Once the consultation by the physician was over, the patients were interviewed. Medication adherence was assessed through the specific four questions patient questionnaire, the modified morisky instrument that has high reliability and validity and the patient was considered to be highly adherent if he or she answered in the negative to all four questions (score-0).
Results: In a pool of 300 type 2 diabetics, more than half were female (n=223, 74.3%). The mean age of the patients were found to be 50.59 ± 12.57 years. Less than half (37%) of the patients were considered highly adherent, 44% patients were considered moderately adherent and 19% patients were considered poorly adherent to the prescribed anti-diabetic drugs.
Conclusion: The participants in the area of study were moderately adherent to their anti-diabetic medications. Measures should be taken to improve patient’s adherence to the prescribed treatment.
Medicine Today 2019 Vol.31(1): 19-22
MENGENALI BAHAN TAMBAHAN PANGAN BERBAHAYA : ULASAN
Authors: Wahyudi Jatmiko 
Published: March 2019

ENGLISHSeveral studies founded the usage of hazardous materials for food additives in many parts of Indonesia. Stakeholders especially The Government already implemented policies to against the abuse of hazardous food additives like the enactment of food regulations and food safety promotions. Many factors cause many people still using and distributing hazardous food additives (e.g. economic factors, knowledge and law enforcement). This paper provides an overview of types hazardous food additives and the negative impacts of consuming the additives on health emphasizing in the most popular of hazardous food additives namely formalin, borax and rhodamine B. In general, consuming the additives causes long-term health problems like cancer. However, consuming the additives in high dosage will make the consumers experiencing chronic poisoning and even causing death. Campaigns regarding food safety followed by law enforcement are very important actions to be done to eliminate the abuse of hazardous food additives. INDONESIABeberapa studi menunjukkan banyaknya penggunaan bahan yang berbahaya dan dilarang untuk digunakan sebagai bahan tambahan pangan. Pihak terkait khususnya pemerintah telah mengimplementasikan kebijakan untuk menekan penyalahgunaan BTP antara lain dengan pemberlakuan peraturan dan sosialisasi mengenai BTP. Beberapa faktor menjadi penyebab masih maraknya penggunaan BTP berbahaya antara lain faktor ekonomi, pengetahuan dan penegakan hukum. Ulasan ini akan memaparkan mengenai jenis BTP berbahaya yang sering digunakan dan dampak yang ditimbulkan akibat mengkonsumsi BTP tersebut bagi kesehatan dengan menekankan pada 3 jenis bahan terlarang yang paling sering digunakan sebagai BTP yaitu formalin, boraks dan Rhodamin B. Secara umum, mengkonsumsi BTP berbahaya akan memberikan dampak buruk bagi kesehatan dalam jangka panjang misalnya kanker. Namun, konsumsi BTP berbahaya dengan dosis yang tinggi dapat menyebabkan efek negatif langsung pada kesehatan misalnya keracunan bahkan kematian. Sosialisasi diikuti dengan penegakan hukum perlu terus dilakukan untuk mengatasi penyalahgunaan BTP berbahaya.
Constraining Cosmological Parameters in the FLRW Metric with Lensed GW+EM Signals
Authors: Li Yufeng , Fan Xilong , Gou Lijun 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
We proposed a model-independent method to constrain cosmological parameters using the Distance Sum Rule of the Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker metric by combining the time delay distances and the comoving distances through a multi-messenger approach. The time delay distances are measured from lensed gravitational wave (GW) signals together with their corresponding electromagnetic wave (EM) counterparts, while the comoving distances are obtained from a parameterized fitting approach with independent supernova observations. With a series of simulations based on the Einstein Telescope, Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, and The Dark Energy Survey, we find that only 10 lensed GW+EM systems can achieve the constraining power comparable to and even stronger than 300 lensed quasar systems due to the more precise time delay from lensed GW signals. Specifically, the cosmological parameters can be constrained to

and

(1σ).5
Our results show that more precise time delay measurements could provide more stringent cosmological parameter values, and lensed GW+EM systems therefore can be applied as a powerful tool in the future precision cosmology.
The Dark Matter Distributions in Low-mass Disk Galaxies. I. Hα Observations Using the Palomar Cosmic Web Imager
Authors: Relatores Nicole C. , Newman Andrew B. , Simon Joshua D. , Ellis Richard , Truong Phuongmai , Blitz Leo , Bolatto Alberto , Martin Christopher , Morrissey Patrick 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Dark-matter-only simulations predict that dark matter halos have cusp-like inner density profiles, while observations of low-mass galaxies have found a range of inner slopes that are typically much shallower. It is still not well established whether this discrepancy can be explained by baryonic feedback or if it may require modified dark matter models. To better understand the diversity of dark matter profiles in dwarf galaxies, we undertook a survey of 26 low-mass galaxies (

, v
max = 50–140 km s−1) within 30 Mpc using the Palomar Cosmic Web Imager, which is among the largest integral field spectroscopic surveys of its type. In this paper, we derive Hα velocity fields for the full sample with a typical spatial resolution of ∼160 pc. We extract rotation curves and verify their robustness to several choices in the analysis. We present a method for improving the velocity precision obtained from image slicing spectrographs using narrowband Hα images. For 11 galaxies, we compare the Hα velocity fields to CO kinematics measured using CARMA, finding the maps to be in good agreement. The standard deviation of the difference is typically ∼7 km s−1, comparable to the level of turbulence in the interstellar medium, showing that the two tracers have substantially the same bulk kinematics. In a companion paper, we will use the rotation curves produced here to construct mass models of the galaxies and determine their dark matter density profiles.
Totally Conservative Integration Method for the General Three-body Problem and Its Lagrangian Solutions
Authors: Minesaki Yukitaka 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we design a precise integration method with a variable time step for the general three-body problem that maintains all the conserved quantities. Our method is based on a logarithmic Hamiltonian leapfrog with chain vectors proposed by Mikkola & Tanikawa and features an energy-preserving parameter. Although the proposed method is merely second-order accurate, it can precisely trace some periodic orbits. This is not possible with generic geometric eighth-order numerical integrators and the logarithmic Hamiltonian leapfrog approach. Further, similar to logarithmic Hamiltonian leapfrog, our method is analytically shown to have Lagrangian solutions. Prior to the presented integration method, no integration method was known to preserve all the conserved quantities, in addition to presenting triangular Lagrangian solutions. Because our method is implicit, it requires an iteration method. Therefore, the proposed approach seems to be computationally intensive. However, our method is less computationally burdensome than a generic explicit eighth-order symplectic method.
A Fokker–Planck Framework for Studying the Diffusion of Radio Burst Waves in the Solar Corona
Authors: Bian N. H. , Emslie A. G. , Kontar E. P. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Electromagnetic wave scattering off density inhomogeneities in the solar corona is an important process that determines both the apparent source size and the time profile of radio bursts observed at 1 au. Here we model the scattering process using a Fokker–Planck equation and apply this formalism to several regimes of interest. In the first regime the density fluctuations are considered quasi-static and diffusion in wavevector space is dominated by angular diffusion on the surface of a constant energy sphere. In the small-angle (“pencil-beam”) approximation, this diffusion further occurs over a small solid angle in wavevector space. The second regime corresponds to a much later time, by which scattering has rendered the photon distribution near-isotropic, resulting in a spatial diffusion of the radiation. The third regime involves time-dependent fluctuations and, therefore, Fermi acceleration of photons. Combined, these results provide a comprehensive theoretical framework within which to understand several important features of propagation of radio burst waves in the solar corona: emitted photons are accelerated in a relatively small inner region and then diffuse outward to larger distances. En route, angular diffusion results both in source sizes that are substantially larger than the intrinsic source and in observed intensity-versus-time profiles that are asymmetric, with a sharp rise and an exponential decay. Both of these features are consistent with observations of solar radio bursts.
MicroRNA-mediated Regulation of Mucin-type O-glycosylation Pathway: A Putative Mechanism of Salivary Gland Dysfunction in Sjögren Syndrome
Authors: Gallo Alessia , Vella Serena , Tuzzolino Fabio , Cuscino Nicola , Cecchettini Antonella , Ferro Francesco , Mosca Marta , Alevizos Ilias , Bombardieri Stefano , Conaldi Pier Giulio , Baldini Chiara 
Published: March 2019

Objective.To investigate microRNA (miRNA) that is potentially implicated in primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS)–related salivary hypofunction in labial salivary glands and to study miRNA-mediated mechanisms underlying oral dryness and altered rheology, focusing on the mucin O-glycosylation pathway.Methods.We performed miRNA expression profiling in minor salivary gland samples of patients with pSS presenting a different impairment in their unstimulated salivary flow rate. A computational in silico analysis was performed to identify genes and pathways that might be modulated by the deregulated miRNA that we had identified. To confirm in silico analysis, expression levels of genes encoding for glycosyltransferases and glycan-processing enzymes were investigated using Human Glycosylation-RT2 Profiler PCR Array.Results.Among 754 miRNA analyzed, we identified 126 miRNA that were significantly deregulated in pSS compared to controls, with a trend that was inversely proportional with the impairment of salivary flow rates. An in silico approach pinpointed that several upregulated miRNA in patients with pSS target important genes in the mucin O-glycosylation. We confirmed this prediction by quantitative real-time PCR, highlighting the downregulation of some glycosyltransferase and glycosidase genes in pSS samples compared to controls, such as GALNT1, responsible for mucin-7 glycosylation.Conclusion.Collectively, our data suggest that the expression of different predicted miRNA-target genes in the mucin type O-glycan biosynthesis pathway is altered in pSS patients with low salivary flow and that the miRNA expression profile could influence the glycosidase expression levels and consequently the rheology in pSS.
Burden and Disease Characteristics of Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis: A Population-based Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Tekin Hasan G. , Wu Jashin J. , Burge Russel , Birt Julie , Egeberg Alexander 
Published: March 2019

Objective.To describe the prevalence and treatment regimes, disease characteristics, and comorbid diseases among patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in Denmark.Methods.All Danish individuals aged ≥ 18 years with rheumatologist-diagnosed PsA were linked in nationwide administrative registers.Results.Among 4.7 million individuals in Denmark, 10,577 patients with PsA had been diagnosed by a rheumatologist. A female predominance (54.5–59.8%) was seen among patients with PsA, and about half of the patients (53.0%) had received no treatment or treatment only with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs/systemic corticosteroids, while 32.9% had received nonbiological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD) and 14.1% had been treated with biologicals. Cutaneous psoriasis was recorded in 66.2–72.3% of patients with PsA, and patients with severe PsA had the highest prevalences of distal interphalangeal arthropathy, spondylitis, and arthritis mutilans. Smoking and comorbid diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, depression, and anxiety were seen frequently in patients with PsA, but did not significantly differ across severities of PsA.Conclusion.Disease burden appeared to be significant in patients with PsA across all severities. A considerable proportion of patients with PsA did not receive active antipsoriatic treatment, and about 1 out of 3 patients was not diagnosed with psoriasis. Cutaneous symptoms of psoriasis in patients with PsA might be either underreported or undertreated.
HLA-DRB1 Haplotypes, Shared Epitope, and Disease Outcomes in US Veterans with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Zhao Ming , Mauer Lilli , Sayles Harlan , Cannon Grant W. , Reimold Andreas , Kerr Gail S. , Baker Joshua F. , Thiele Geoffrey M. , England Bryant R. , Mikuls Ted R. 
Published: March 2019

Objective.To evaluate associations of HLA-DRB1 haplotypes and shared epitope (SE) with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) severity and all-cause mortality in RA.Methods.Patients with RA from the Veterans Affairs Rheumatoid Arthritis (VARA) registry were followed from enrollment until death or December 31, 2013. Clinical characteristics, DNA, and serum were collected at enrollment. Radiographic damage, the presence or absence of subcutaneous nodules, disease activity measures, and functional status were assessed at enrollment and updated during followup. Sixteen HLA-DRB1 haplotypes and SE status were determined from banked DNA. Associations between HLA-DRB1 haplotypes, RA disease characteristics, and mortality were assessed in multivariable regression models.Results.Within VARA, 1443 participants had genotyping and accrued 6150 patient-years of followup. Haplotypes VKA, VRA, LRA, SRA, SRE, SKR, and SEA, and SE alleles were significantly associated with seropositivity for rheumatoid factor (RF) and/or anticyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP). Haplotypes VKA and SKR were associated with higher RF concentrations, while VRA, DRE, and GRQ were associated with lower RF concentrations. Haplotypes VKA, VRA, and LRA were associated with higher concentrations of anti-CCP antibody, while haplotypes SRA, SRE, LEA, SKR, and SEA were significantly associated with lower anti-CCP concentrations. Haplotype VKA (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.08–1.80) was associated with increased frequency of radiographic damage at enrollment but none of the haplotypes were associated with the presence of subcutaneous nodules. Haplotypes SKA (HR 1.52, 95% CI 1.26–1.83) was associated with higher mortality.Conclusion.HLA-DRB1 haplotypes are independently and variably associated with seropositivity, autoantibody concentrations, and outcomes in RA.