bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Successful use of carbamazepine in a patient with drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms
Authors: Bixby Alexandra L. , Goldsborough Sarah , Iuppa Aaron , LeBlanc Andrew , Schultz Heather E. , VandenBerg Amy 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDrug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a serious adverse drug reaction with a high mortality rate. Discontinuation of the causative agent is the primary treatment. History of DRESS may put patients at higher risk of future episodes; however, cross-reactivity between various medications is not well established. An 18-year-old African American male with a history of bipolar I disorder with psychotic features was admitted for mania on his home dose of divalproex. After 1 week, olanzapine was added for refractory symptoms, but due to elevated creatinine phosphokinase (CPK), it was subsequently discontinued, and he was started on lorazepam and lithium. One week later, the patient was transferred to the intensive care unit with elevated CPK, fever, thrombocytopenia, elevated serum creatinine, hypotension, diarrhea, mild rigidity, bilateral inducible ankle clonus, and a rash. All medications were discontinued except for lorazepam. The skin pathology report was consistent with a drug eruption, and he was started on prednisone. Given continued symptoms of mania, carbamazepine was initiated. After clinical and laboratory improvement, the patient was discharged on hospital day 59 with instructions to continue carbamazepine and lorazepam. A MEDLINE search revealed no published case reports of the successful use of carbamazepine in a patient with a history of DRESS. Information regarding cross-reactivity between medications is limited primarily to aromatic antiepileptics. In our case report, carbamazepine was successfully used in a patient with a recent episode of DRESS during olanzapine, lithium, and valproate use.
Soft Robotics Programmed with Double Crosslinking DNA Hydrogels
Authors: Zhao Zhi , Wang Chao , Yan Hao , Liu Yan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDNA nanotechnology is developed for decades to construct dynamic responsive systems in optics, quantum electronics, and therapeutics. While DNA nanotechnology is a powerful tool in nanomaterials, it is rare to see successful applications of DNA molecules in the macroscopic regime of material sciences. Here, a novel strategy to magnify the nanometer scale DNA self‐assembly into a macroscopic mechanical responsiveness is demonstrated. By incorporating molecularly engineered DNA sequences into a polymeric network, a new type of responsive hydrogel (D‐gel), whose overall morphology is dynamically controlled by DNA hybridization‐induced double crosslinking is able to be created. As a step toward manufacturing, the D‐gel in combination with a bottom‐up 3D printing technology is employed to rapidly create modular macroscopic structures that feature programmable reconfiguration and directional movement, which can even mimic the complex gestures of human hands. Mechanical operations such as catch and release are demonstrated by a proof‐of‐concept hydrogel palm, which possessed great promise for future engineering applications. Compared with previously developed DNA hydrogels, the D‐gel features an ease of synthesis, faster response, and a high degree of programmable control. Moreover, it is possible to scale up the production of D‐gel containing responsive devices through direct 3D printing.
Disclosing Interfaces of ZnO Nanocrystals Using Dynamic Nuclear Polarization: Sol‐Gel versus Organometallic Approach
Authors: Lee Daniel , Wolska‐Pietkiewicz Małgorzata , Badoni Saumya , Grala Agnieszka , Lewiński Janusz , De Paëpe Gaël 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe unambiguous characterization of the coordination chemistry of nanocrystal surfaces produced by wet‐chemical synthesis presently remains highly challenging. Here, zinc oxide nanocrystals (ZnO NCs) coated by monoanionic diphenyl phosphate (DPP) ligands were derived by a sol‐gel process and a one‐pot self‐supporting organometallic (OSSOM) procedure. Atomic‐scale characterization through dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP‐)enhanced solid‐state NMR (ssNMR) spectroscopy has notably enabled resolving their vastly different surface‐ligand interfaces. For the OSSOM‐derived NCs, DPP moieties form stable and strongly‐anchored μ2‐ and μ3‐bridging‐ligand pairs that are resistant to competitive ligand exchange. The sol‐gel‐derived NCs contain a wide variety of coordination modes of DPP ligands and a ligand exchange process takes place between DPP and glycerol molecules. This highlights the power of DNP‐enhanced ssNMR for detailed NC surface analysis and of the OSSOM approach for the preparation of ZnO NCs.
Eine allgemeine Methode zur Hydroaminomethylierung von Alkenen und Alkinen
Authors: Kaiser Daniel , Tona Veronica , Gonçalves Carlos R. , Shaaban Saad , Oppedisano Alberto , Maulide Nuno 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIm Vergleich zur vielbeschriebenen metallkatalysierten Hydroaminierung hat die Hydroaminomethylierung, trotz ihres Potenzials in der Aminsynthese, in der Literatur bedeutend weniger Aufmerksamkeit erfahren. Gängige Methoden zur Hydroaminomethylierung von Alkenen benötigen Übergangsmetallkatalysatoren und ermöglichen diese Reaktion nur unter speziellen und wohlkontrollierten Bedingungen. Diese Arbeit stellt einen allgemeinen, säurevermittelten Zugang zu Hydroaminomethylierungsreaktionen von nicht‐aktivierten Alkenen und Alkinen vor. Die Verwendung günstiger, leicht erhältlicher und stabiler Reagenzien, sowie die breite Substratpalette und ausgezeichnete Regioselektivität machen diese Reaktion zu einer attraktiven alternativen Aminsynthese.
Diastereodivergent Asymmetric 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of Azomethine Ylides and β‐Fluoroalkyl Vinylsulfones: Low Copper(II) Catalyst Loading and Theoretical Studies
Authors: Cheng Feng , Kalita Subarna Jyoti , Zhao Zhen‐Ni , Yang Xing , Zhao Yan , Schneider Uwe , Shibata Norio , Huang Yi‐Yong 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA CuII‐catalyzed asymmetric 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition using β‐fluoroalkyl alkenyl arylsulfones as dipolarophiles and glycine/alanine iminoesters as azomethine ylide precursors has been developed. Remarkably, a catalyst loading as low as 0.5 mol % is highly efficient. Accordingly, a wide range of enantioenriched 3‐fluoroalkyl pyrrolidines, as well as Δ2‐pyrroline and pyrrole derivatives, are generated in good to excellent yields with high asymmetric induction. This synthetic approach is diastereodivergent in that exo‐adducts could be converted into the corresponding exo′‐adducts by 1,8‐diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec‐7‐ene mediated epimerization at C2 of the pyrrolidine core. The free‐energy profiles from DFT calculations suggest the Michael addition of the 1,3‐dipole to be the rate‐ and enantiodetermining step, and the origin of stereoselectivity is studied by means of the noncovalent interaction (NCI) analysis.
Effects of Mo2C loading and H2S concentration on Mo2C/Al2O3 catalyst applied in sulfur‐resistant methanation
Authors: Wang Baowei , Wang Chengyu , Yu Wenxian 
Published: September 2019

Mo2C/Al2O3 catalyst was prepared by the impregnation method with urotropine and ammonium paramolybdate. The catalytic effect of Mo2C as a typical transition‐metal carbide in sulfur‐resistant methanation was studied. The catalysts prepared were characterized by N2 adsorption–desorption, X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, H2‐temperature‐programmed reduction, and Raman spectra, with the results confirming the formation of β‐molybdenum carbide on the surface of the catalysts. Studies on catalysts with different loading doses indicate that the optimal loading of Mo2C/Al2O3 is about 15 wt.%, which enables CO conversion rate of up to 47%, with methane selectivity of up to 53%. This work further explored the effect of different concentrations of H2S in the raw gas on the performance of the catalyst, with the results showing that high concentration of H2S (>1500 ppm) can lead to sulfuration of active species on the catalyst, while resulting in a decrease in the catalytic activity.
Synthesis and evaluation of an environment‐friendly terpolymer CaCO3scale inhibitor for oilfield produced water with better salt and temperature resistance
Authors: Cui Kaixiang , Li Chuanxian , Yao Bo , Yang Fei , Sun Guangyu 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTThe CaCO3deposits exist widely in the petroleum industry, causing severe damage to the equipment and production. In this article, a novel environment‐friendly terpolymer scale inhibitor Poly (maleic anhydride ‐ acrylic acid ‐2‐ acrylamide ‐2‐ methyl propanesulfonic acid) (P(MA‐AA‐AMPS))‐containing carboxylic acid group, sulfonic acid group, and amide group was synthesized. The structure and molecular weight were characterized by FTIR,1H‐NMR, and GPC. The static scale inhibition experiment was conducted to study the influence of factors such as the dosage, monomer ratio, temperature, pH, Ca2+concentration, andconcentration on the scale inhibition performance of CaCO3. The results show that when the monomer ratio is 2.0:1.0:0.5 and the dosage is 20 mg L−1, the maximum scale inhibition efficiency is 95.52%. Even when Ca2+concentration exceeds 1200 mg L−1and temperature reaches 90 °C, the scale inhibition efficiency is still larger than 80%. The results of SEM and XRD show that P(MA‐AA‐AMPS) interferes with the growth of CaCO3crystal by adsorption, dispersion, and chelation. The effect leads to changes in the morphology of CaCO3crystals, the size of which drops from 20–30 μm to 2–5 μm. The P(MA‐AA‐AMPS) can transform CaCO3from stable calcite crystals to unstable aragonite and vaterite. Finally, the formation of CaCO3scale is well inhibited. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2020,137, 48460.
Redox control of vascular biology
Authors: Obradovic Milan , Essack Magbubah , Zafirovic Sonja , Sudar‐Milovanovic Emina , Bajic Vladan P. , Van Neste Christophe , Trpkovic Andreja , Stanimirovic Julijana , Bajic Vladimir B. , Isenovic Esma R. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractRedox control is lost when the antioxidant defense system cannot remove abnormally high concentrations of signaling molecules, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS). Chronically elevated levels of ROS cause oxidative stress that may eventually lead to cancer and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we focus on redox effects in the vascular system. We pay close attention to the subcompartments of the vascular system (endothelium, smooth muscle cell layer) and give an overview of how redox changes influence those different compartments. We also review the core aspects of redox biology, cardiovascular physiology, and pathophysiology. Moreover, the topic‐specific knowledgebase DES‐RedoxVasc was used to develop two case studies, one focused on endothelial cells and the other on the vascular smooth muscle cells, as a starting point to possibly extend our knowledge of redox control in vascular biology.
Recent advances in heme biocatalysis engineering
Authors: Schmitz Lisa Marie , Rosenthal Katrin , Lütz Stephan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHeme enzymes have the potential to be widely used as biocatalysts due to their capability to perform a vast variety of oxidation reactions. In spite of their versatility, the application of heme enzymes was long time‐limited for the industry due to their low activity and stability in large scale processes. The identification of novel natural biocatalysts and recent advances in protein engineering have led to new reactions with a high application potential. The latest creation of a serine‐ligated mutant of BM3 showed an efficient transfer of reactive carbenes into C═C bonds of olefins reaching total turnover numbers of more than 60,000 and product titers of up to 27 g/L−1. This prominent example shows that heme enzymes are becoming competitive to chemical syntheses while being already advantageous in terms of high yield, regioselectivity, stereoselectivity and environmentally friendly reaction conditions. Advances in reactor concepts and the influencing parameters on reaction performance are also under investigation resulting in improved productivities and increased stability of the heme biocatalytic systems. In this mini review, we briefly present the latest advancements in the field of heme enzymes towards increased reaction scope and applicability.
Looking from the outside: No substitute for rigorous evaluation
Authors: Duggan Conor 
Published: September 2019

AbstractLooking in from the outside, what would the ordinary person expect of forensic mental health services? I suggest that there are three questions he or she would ask: (a) Are there public health measures that can be introduced to prevent those with mental disorder going on to commit crimes? (b) Can we identify in advance the individual who is likely to go on and commit a violent act because of his or her mental health difficulties, and prevent that or limit damage? (c) If a seriously harmful act has already been committed, what interventions might prevent a repetition? All of these questions are about prevention of an untoward event in the future and anticipate knowledge. How secure can we be that current forensic mental health practitioners can make adequately evidenced responses? I fear that examination of current literature would indicate that they and their academic colleagues would fall short of these expectations. Reasons for this are undoubtedly numerous. The issues are complex, with the interplay of many variables from the vagaries of human nature through varying presentations of disorders, still often classified rather than diagnosed, to widely differing environments which, further, may suddenly change in a critical way. The impact of a serious offence can be so catastrophic that officialdom often decides that “something must be done.” Yet, without a good evidence base, such decision‐making is often ineffective and wasteful of resources. The limited evidence base has not been helped by the virtual extinction of an academic forensic psychiatry infrastructure and funding within British universities and the National Health Service. This does not bode well for the future.
Pregnancy and transcatheter aortic valve replacement in a severely stenotic Freestyle full aortic root stentless bioprosthesis
Authors: Zhong Chuyang , Rokey Roxann , Rolak Stacey , Mesa Juan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSymptomatic degenerative prosthetic aortic valve stenosis during pregnancy represents a significant risk to both mother and fetus, and until recently, surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) during pregnancy was often the only choice for women opting to continue pregnancy. However, symptomatic severe stenosis in a pregnant woman with a degenerated full aortic root Freestyle stentless bioprosthesis (FSB) and reimplanted coronary arteries presents additional complexities that require an alternative surgical approach. In this case report, we describe the first successful transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in SAVR for a severely stenotic degenerative FSB in a pregnant woman and subsequent delivery of a healthy infant several months later. TAVR in SAVR of a severely stenotic aortic FSB should be considered as a surgical option in symptomatic pregnant women. Short‐term and long‐term implications for future pregnancy should be discussed by a multidisciplinary team and with the patient.
Amorphous Oxide Nanostructures for Advanced Electrocatalysis
Authors: Li Leigang , Shao Qi , Huang Xiaoqing 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAmorphous oxides have attracted special attention as advanced electrocatalysts owing to their unique local structural flexibility and attractive electrocatalytic properties. With abundant randomly oriented bonds and surface‐exposed defects (e.g., oxygen vacancies) as active catalytic sites, the adsorption/desorption of reactants can be optimized, leading to superior catalytic activities. Amorphous oxide materials have found wide electrocatalytic applications ranging from hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution to oxygen reduction, CO2 electroreduction and nitrogen electroreduction. The amorphous oxide electrocatalysts even outperform their crystalline counterparts in terms of electrocatalytic activity and stability. Despite of the merits and achievements for amorphous oxide electrocatalysts, there are still issues and challenges existing for amorphous oxide electrocatalysts. There are rarely reviews specifically focusing on amorphous oxide electrocatalysts and therefore it is imperative to have a comprehensive overview of the research progress and to better understand the achievements and issues with amorphous oxide electrocatalysts. In this minireview, several general preparation methods for amorphous oxides are first introduced. Then, the achievements in amorphous oxides for several important electrocatalytic reactions are summarized. Finally, the challenges and perspectives for the development of amorphous oxide electrocatalysts are outlined.
Chemical Synthesis of Oligoribonucleotide (ASL of tRNALysT. brucei) Containing a Recently Discovered Cyclic Form of 2‐Methylthio‐N6‐threonylcarbamoyladenosine (ms2ct6A)
Authors: Debiec Katarzyna , Matuszewski Michal , Podskoczyj Karolina , Leszczynska Grazyna , Sochacka Elzbieta 
Published: September 2019

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is Elzbieta Sochacka and co‐workers at Lodz University of Technology, Poland. The image depicted the manual chemical synthesis of tRNA fragment containing hypermodified cyclic 2‐methylthio‐N6‐threonylcarbamoyladenosine (ms2ct6A). Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201902411.
Glycine Substitution Effects on the Supramolecular Morphology and Rigidity of Cell‐Adhesive Amphiphilic Peptides
Authors: Ishida Atsuya , Watanabe Go , Oshikawa Mio , Ajioka Itsuki , Muraoka Takahiro 
Published: September 2019

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Takahiro Muraoka at Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology and collaborators. The image depicts bundled nanofiber formation by self‐assembly of a β‐sheet‐forming an amphiphilic peptide with a central glycine substitution. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201902083.
Eplerenone in patients with myocardial infarction and “mid‐range” ejection fraction: An analysis from the EPHESUS trial
Authors: Ferreira João Pedro , Rossello Xavier , Pitt Bertram , Rossignol Patrick , Zannad Faiez 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundTrials using mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) in myocardial infraction (MI) without heart failure (HF) or systolic impairment have been underpowered to assess morbidity‐mortality benefit. In EPHESUS 6632 patients were included, of whom 11% had an ejection fraction (EF) of 40% and HF or diabetes. We aim to assess the potential benefit of MRAs in MI with EF of 40%.MethodsCox models with interaction term for EF. The primary outcome was a composite of cardiovascular death or hospitalization for cardiovascular reasons.HypothesisPatients with an EF of 40% benefit similarly from MRA therapy to those with an EF <40%.ResultsIn EPHESUS, 753 patients had an EF = 40% and 5864 an EF < 40%. Patients with an EF = 40% were younger (63 vs 64 years), had lower heart rate (73 vs 75 bpm), less atrial fibrillation (10% vs 14%), previous MI (21% vs 28%), HF hospitalization (5% vs 8%), and had more often reperfusion therapy and/or revascularization (55% vs 44%). The mean EF was 40.0 ± 0.3% in those with EF = 40% vs 32.2 ± 5.9% in those with EF < 40%. The primary outcome occurred in 13.3% (10 events per 100 py) of the patients with EF = 40% vs 22.9% (19 events per 100 py) in those with EF < 40%; adjusted HR for EF = 40% vs <40% = 0.65 (0.53‐0.81). Eplerenone reduced the event‐rate homogenously regardless of EF (interaction
p EF = 40% vs EF < 40% = 0.21). Similar findings were observed for cardiovascular and all‐cause death.ConclusionEplerenone reduces hospitalizations and mortality in patients with MI and EF = 40% similarly to patients with EF < 40%. These findings suggest that MI patients with EF in the “mid‐range zone” may also benefit from MRA therapy which might help clinicians in their treatment decisions.
Outcome of catheter ablation of supraventricular tachyarrhythmias in cardiac sarcoidosis
Authors: Willy Kevin , Dechering Dirk G. , Wasmer Kristina , Köbe Julia , Bögeholz Nils , Ellermann Christian , Leitz Patrick , Reinke Florian , Frommeyer Gerrit , Eckardt Lars 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundSarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disease of not sufficiently understood origin. Some patients develop cardiac involvement in course of the disease which is mostly responsible for adverse outcome. In addition to complications like high degree atrioventricular (AV) block or ventricular tachyarrhythmias, there is a certain percentage of patients developing atrial tachyarrhythmias. Data is limited and the role of catheter ablation uncertain. Therefore, we studied sarcoid patients who presented with supraventricular tachyarrhythmias.HypothesisTreatment and ablation of supraventricular tachycardia could be hampered by inflammation in patients with cardiac sarcoidosis.MethodsWe enrolled 37 consecutive patients with cardiac sarcoidosis who presented with atrial tachyarrhythmias and underwent an electrophysiologic study over a period of 6 years (03/2013‐04/2019). In total, 16 catheter ablations for atrial tachyarrhythmias were performed. Mean follow‐up duration was 2.5 years.ResultsMost common ablation performed was cavo‐tricuspid isthmus ablation for typical atrial flutter in seven patients (54%). Pulmonary vein isolation for treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) was performed in five patients (38%). Two patients received slow‐pathway modulation for treatment of recurrent atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia (AVNRT). All but two patients with AF had no clinical recurrence during follow‐up. Two patients had recurrence of AF but still reported markedly improved european heart rhythm association (EHRA) class. Periprocedural safety was very high. There were no adverse events related to the ablation procedure. One patient died during follow‐up in the presence of electrical storm.ConclusionCatheter ablations of supraventricular tachycardias seem to be safe and effective in patients with cardiac sarcoidosis. Outcome is comparable to patients without inflammatory heart disease, although data from larger patient collectives are mandatory to make recommendations in this special entity.
Electron‐Rich π‐Extended Diindolotriazatruxene‐Based Chemosensors with Highly Selective and Rapid Responses to Nitroaromatic Explosives
Authors: Li Xiangchun , Wang Chunyu , Song Wan , Meng Cheng , Zuo Chao , Xue Yibo , Lai Wen‐Yong , Huang Wei 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA series of electron‐rich π‐extended diindolotriazatruxene‐based compounds DIT, 4Py‐DIT (bearing pyrene units) and 4PyF‐DIT (bearing fluorene units) have been explored and investigated as fluorescence chemosensors. Quantitative analysis through fluorescence titrations showed that the resulting DIT molecules exhibited highly selective response to electron‐deficient nitroaromatic explosives. The calculated Stern‐Volmer quenching constants (>4.0×103 M−1) revealed that these sensors were much more sensitive in solution compared to most of the existing small‐molecule fluorescence chemosensors based on pyrene, triphenylene, triphenylamine, and triazatruxene skeletons. Fluorescence quenching showed that the sensors adsorbed on paper were sensitive to explosives in the solid, solution, and vapor phases, with fast response times of about 10 s. Moreover, these chemosensors are reusable for the detection of nitroaromatic compounds as they recover their fluorescence intensity after quenching.