bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using subjective expectations to model the neural underpinnings of proactive inhibition
Authors: Pas Pascal , Plessis Stefan Du , van den Munkhof Hanna E. , Gladwin Thomas E. , Vink Matthijs 
Published: December 2018

AbstractProactive inhibition – the anticipation of having to stop a response – relies on objective information contained in cue‐related contingencies in the environment, as well as on the subjective interpretation derived from these cues. To date, most studies of brain areas underlying proactive inhibition have exclusively considered the objective predictive value of environmental cues, by varying the probability of stop‐signals. However, by only taking into account the effect of different cues on brain activation, the subjective component of how cues affect behavior is ignored. We used a modified stop‐signal response task that includes a measurement for subjective expectation, to investigate the effect of this subjective interpretation. After presenting a cue indicating the probability that a stop‐signal will occur, subjects were asked whether they expected a stop‐signal to occur. Furthermore, response time was used to retrospectively model brain activation related to stop‐expectation. We found more activation during the cue period for 50% stop‐signal probability, when contrasting with 0%, in the mid and inferior frontal gyrus, inferior parietal lobe and putamen. When contrasting expected vs. unexpected trials, we found modest effects in the mid frontal gyrus, parietal, and occipital areas. With our third contrast, we modeled brain activation during the cue with trial‐by‐trial variances in response times. This yielded activation in the putamen, inferior parietal lobe, and mid frontal gyrus. Our study is the first to use the behavioral effects of proactive inhibition to identify the underlying brain regions, by employing an unbiased task‐design that temporally separates cue and response.
High‐density linkage map reveals QTL underlying growth traits in AP13×VS16 biparental population of switchgrass
Authors: Ali Shahjahan , Serba Desalegn D. , Jenkins Jerry , Kwon Soonil , Schmutz Jeremy , Saha Malay C. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractSwitchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), a native warm‐season perennial grass, is being considered as a feedstock for biofuel production in the United States. To expedite its genetic improvement and enhance genetic gain per selection cycle, application of marker‐assisted selection is indispensable. A high‐density linkage map was constructed in a pseudo‐F1 testcross mapping population of AP13×VS16, consisting of 349 progenies. A total of 8,757 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers generated through genotype‐by‐sequencing (GBS) were used to construct the linkage map. The total map length spans up to 2,540.2 cM with the marker density of one marker in every 0.25–0.34 cM. Spring green‐up (SG), days to flowering (FL), and the vegetative growth period (VP) data were analyzed and used for quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping. The population showed significant variations and exhibited transgressive segregation for SG, FL, and VP. QTL analyses were performed using trait mean of each year and location along with BLUP (best linear unbiased prediction) values of the traits. A total of 35, 37, and 34 QTL for SG, FL, and VP, respectively, were identified. Phenotypic variability explained by each QTL ranged from 11.29% to 27.85%. The additive genetic effects of individual QTL ranged from −1.81 to 2.40, −6.12 to 7.58, and −16.01 to 6.38 for SG, FL, and VP, respectively. Comparing major QTL regions in the switchgrass genome, 20 candidate genes were identified which were reported to be involved in growth‐, development‐, and flowering‐related traits in switchgrass.
Body size, reef area and temperature predict global reef‐fish species richness across spatial scales
Authors: Barneche D. R. , Rezende E. L. , Parravicini V. , Maire E. , Edgar G. J. , Stuart‐Smith R. D. , Arias‐González J. E. , Ferreira C. E. L. , Friedlander A. M. , Green A. L. , Luiz O. J. , Rodríguez‐Zaragoza F. A. , Vigliola L. , Kulbicki M. , Floeter S. R. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimTo investigate biotic and abiotic correlates of reef‐fish species richness across multiple spatial scales.LocationTropical reefs around the globe, including 485 sites in 109 sub‐provinces spread across 14 biogeographic provinces.Time periodPresent.Major taxa studied2,523 species of reef fish.MethodsWe compiled a database encompassing 13,050 visual transects. We used hierarchical linear Bayesian models to investigate whether fish body size, reef area, isolation, temperature, and anthropogenic impacts correlate with reef‐fish species richness at each spatial scale (i.e., sites, sub‐provinces, provinces). Richness was estimated using coverage‐based rarefaction. We also tested whether species packing (i.e., transect‐level species richness/m2) is correlated with province‐level richness.ResultsBody size had the strongest effect on species richness across all three spatial scales. Reef area and temperature were both positively correlated with richness at all spatial scales. At the site scale only, richness decreased with reef isolation. Species richness was not correlated with proxies of human impacts. Species packing was correlated with species richness at the province level following a sub‐linear power function. Province‐level differences in species richness were also mirrored by patterns of body size distribution at the site scale. Species‐rich provinces exhibited heterogeneous assemblages of small‐bodied species with small range sizes, whereas species‐poor provinces encompassed homogeneous assemblages composed by larger species with greater dispersal capacity.Main conclusionsOur findings suggest that body size distribution, reef area and temperature are major predictors of species richness and accumulation across scales, consistent with recent theories linking home range to species–area relationships as well as metabolic effects on speciation rates. Based on our results, we hypothesize that in less diverse areas, species are larger and likely more dispersive, leading to larger range sizes and less turnover between sites. Our results indicate that changes in province‐level (i.e., regional) richness should leave a tractable fingerprint in local assemblages, and that detailed studies on local‐scale assemblage composition may be informative of responses occurring at larger scales.
Could problem lists summarize comprehensive geriatric assessments? A nationwide cross‐sectional survey on geriatricians’ attitudes towards problem lists
Authors: Tomita Naoki , Kojima Taro , Ishiki Aiko , Ueda Juri , Numasaki Muneo , Okinaga Shoji , Akishita Masahiro , Arai Hiroyuki 
Published: December 2018

AimThe use of problem lists is encouraged to overcome the inconsistency in reporting comprehensive geriatric assessment results. The present study aimed to identify the latent variables influencing the use of geriatrician problem lists.MethodsSurveys were sent to all geriatricians registered with the Japan Geriatrics Society (n = 1439) as of November 2015, and responses (n = 204) were analyzed with univariate and exploratory factor analyses. To account for active, inactive and tentative items, the survey addressed “disease,” “symptom” and “condition” separately.ResultsMost geriatricians (34.8%) composed problem lists for interdisciplinary information sharing. Nearly half of the respondents (46.6%) created problem lists for every patient. Information omissions were mainly due to the exclusion of information from other specialties (26% for omitted diseases and 12.3% for omitted symptoms), lack of time (25.5% for omitted diseases, 22.1% for omitted symptoms and 26.5% for omitted conditions), and lack of standardization of terminologies regarding observed diseases, symptoms and conditions (12.3% for omitted diseases, 19.6% for omitted symptoms and 16.7% for omitted conditions). An exploratory factor analysis, based on 20 predefined symptoms and conditions that are frequently omitted from problem lists, showed that considering the symptom “geriatric syndromes” and the condition “assistance needs in medication management” are crucial for improving problem list comprehensiveness.ConclusionsGeriatricians commonly use problem lists; however, there is considerable variation regarding the problems listed and their relationships. The listings of “geriatric syndrome” and “assistance needs in medication management” are crucial for improving problem list comprehensiveness. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 159–164.
Hybrid high‐porosity rice straw infused with BiVO4 nanoparticles for efficient 2‐chlorophenol degradation
Authors: Channei Duangdao , Nakaruk Auppatham , Khanitchaidecha Wilawan , Jannoey Panatda , Phanichphant Sukon 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn this work, the coupling of BiVO4 nanoparticles with a highly porous material derived from rice straw (BiVO4/RS composites) and the photocatalytic degradation of 2‐chlorophenol (2‐CP) in an aqueous solution was studied. The results indicated that BiVO4/RS composites possessed a monoclinic structure. The morphologies of BiVO4/RS composites consisted of spherical shapes of BiVO4 particles coated on the RS adsorbent. The specific surface area of BiVO4 increased from 1.9024 to 31.1153 m2/g after coating with RS adsorbent. A shift occurred in adsorption edge from 510 to 525 nm, corresponding to a reduction in band gap energy from 2.43 to 2.35 eV. The change in the optical adsorption edge and band gap of BiVO4/RS composites may simultaneously result to the duplication of a structure caused by silicon species in rice straw, which was expected to be self‐doped into the BiVO4 crystal lattice during synthesis. The photocatalytic performance of 2‐chlorophenol under visible irradiation clearly showed that BiVO4/RS composites displayed the highest photocatalytic activities in comparison with other pure samples, which were 2 times higher than that of BiVO4.
Immunoregulatory role of acid sphingomyelinase in allergic asthma
Authors: Sopel Nina , Kölle Julia , Dumendiak Sonja , Koch Sonja , Reichel Martin , Rhein Cosima , Kornhuber Johannes , Finotto Susetta 
Published: December 2018

SummaryAcid sphingomyelinase (ASM) is one of the enzymes that catalyzes the breakdown of sphingomyelin to ceramide and phosphorylcholine. In this study, we aimed at elucidating the role of ASM in allergic asthma. We used an ovalbumin‐induced murine model of asthma where we compared wild‐type and ASM‐deficient mice. In wild‐type mice, secretory ASM activity in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was increased in the acute ovalbumin model, but not in a tolerogenic model. Furthermore, in the absence of ASM, the serum IgE level was reduced, compared with wild‐type mice, while an accumulation of interstitial macrophages and foreign antigen‐induced regulatory T cells along with exhausted CD4+ PD1+ T cells was observed in the lungs of ASM−/− mice. In conclusion, in the absence of ASM, we observed an accumulation of immunosuppressive antigen‐induced regulatory T cells expressing Foxp3 and CTLA4 in the lung as well as multinucleated interstitial macrophages and exhausted CD4+ PD1+ T cells associated with inhibition of serum IgE in asthma.
The q‐Factors and Macroeconomic Conditions: Asymmetric Effects of the Business Cycles on Long and Short Sides*
Authors: Min Byoung‐Kyu , Kang Jangkoo , Lee Changjun , Roh Tai‐Yong 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWe examine whether the q‐factors—the investment factor (INV) and the return‐on‐equity factor (ROE)—are related to the macroeconomy. We find reliable evidence that returns on INV are positively related to future economic growth. When conditioning on good and bad states of the business cycle, we show that returns on INV are significantly higher during good states than bad states. We also find that the conditioning effect of economic conditions on INV is asymmetric between long and short sides of INV. On the other hand, we find that returns on ROE are negatively associated with future aggregate earnings change. The relations remain robust even in the presence of business cycle variables and after controlling for the book‐to‐market effect.
Topical hyaluronic acid in the management of oral lichen planus: A comparative study
Authors: Hashem Ahmed S. , Issrani Rakhi , Elsayed Tamer E. E. , Prabhu Namdeo 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimOral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic mucocutaneous disorder seen in clinical dental practice. Despite the progress in research and advances in knowledge, the successful management of OLP is still difficult to achieve. The aim of the present study was to compare the therapeutic effects of triamcinolone (TA) preparation (0.1%) with hyaluronic acid (HA) preparation (0.2%) in the management of OLP.MethodsIn total, 40 patients of any age or sex who had symptomatic OLP were selected and randomly divided into two groups. Group I received topical 0.1% TA, and group II received topical 0.2% HA preparation three times per day for a period of 4 weeks. Basement data were recorded for each patient. Patients were evaluated on days 14 and 21, and after completing the course of treatment. The visual analog scale (VAS) was used for evaluating pain and burning sensation, along with an evaluation of the degree of erythema and mean area of the lesion. Data were analyzed by SPSS 17.0 software using Mann‐Whitney and t test. P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsOur results showed considerable improvement in all of the parameters evaluated. Baseline characteristics, including pain score, size, and clinical characteristics of the lesions, were not different between the two treatment groups. Both TA and HA were found to reduce the VAS score, the degree of erythema, and size of the lesions after treatment.ConclusionThe application of HA is suggested, and is an effective substitute for TA in the treatment of OLP.
Relationship between diet, atopy, family history, and premature hair graying
Authors: Acer Ersoy , Kaya Erdoğan Hilal , İğrek Ali , Parlak Hatice , Saraçoğlu Zeynep Nurhan , Bilgin Muzaffer 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimPremature hair graying (PHG) is commonly observed in society, but there are a few studies evaluating risk factors associated with PHG. We aimed to evaluate the socio‐clinical risk factors associated with PHG in this study.MethodsA total of 1192 volunteers between 18 and 20 years old were included in this cross‐sectional study. Volunteers were asked to fill in a questionnaire on socio‐clinical risk factors associated with PHG such as smoking, alcohol consumption, diet preference, atopy history, and family history of PHG and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS).ResultsThree hundred and seventy‐seven (31.6%) of the 1192 volunteers had PHG. Vegetarian diet preference, atopy history, and family history of PHG were significantly higher in subjects with PHG. Mean body mass index (BMI) and PSS scores were higher in subjects with PHG, but was not statistically significant. In the ordinal logistic regression analysis according to severity of PHG, male gender, BMI, alcohol consumption, and history of paternal PHG were significantly higher and onset age of PHG was significantly lower in PHG group.ConclusionOur study is the first study reporting a relationship between PHG and diet. It may be possible to prevent PHG or reduce its severity with some lifestyle changes such as diet preference, having normal weight, and decreasing alcohol consumption.
Preventing intergenerational trauma transmission: A critical interpretive synthesis
Authors: Isobel Sophie , Goodyear Melinda , Furness Trentham , Foster Kim 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAim and objectiveTo synthesise and critically interpret literature of relevance to intervening in intergenerational transmission of relational trauma within parent–infant relationships.BackgroundIntergenerational trauma is a discrete process and form of psychological trauma transmitted within families and communities. Intergenerational trauma can be transmitted through attachment relationships where the parent has experienced relational trauma and have significant impacts upon individuals across the lifespan, including predisposition to further trauma.DesignCritical interpretive synthesis (CIS) was used. CIS is an inductive qualitative process that generates new theory grounded within reviewed literature.MethodsThe review commenced by systematically searching for literature on interventions for intergenerational trauma. As the core theoretical construct emerged, elements that may contribute to preventing intergenerational trauma were identified iteratively and influenced further searching. In the final synthesis, 77 articles were included from the fields of intergenerational trauma, trauma interventions and attachment interventions. The review adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses checklist.ResultsThe key construct is that prevention of intergenerational trauma transmission is the key intervention. The two contributing constructs were identified as “resolving parental trauma” and “actively supporting parent–infant attachment.”ConclusionsPrevention is the most effective intervention approach for intergenerational transmission of trauma. Prevention requires trauma‐specific interventions with adults and attachment‐focused interventions within families. Preventative strategies need to target individual, relationship, familial, community and societal levels, as addressing and preventing trauma requires a multipronged, multisystemic approach.Relevance to clinical practiceSystematic trauma‐informed attachment‐focused interventions in health and social service settings are recommended. There are opportunities to provide multifocal individual and relational interventions within existing services that work with parents to help prevent the likelihood and impact of transmission of intergenerational relational trauma within families. Nurses are well placed to provide preventative interventions in mental health, early childhood and primary health settings.
Patient‐reported effect of oral rehabilitation
Authors: Øzhayat Esben Boeskov , Gotfredsen Klaus 
Published: December 2018

SummaryObjectivesTo quantify the patient‐reported effect of oral rehabilitation and investigate aspects associated with this.MethodsThe patient‐reported effect in participants treated with fixed dental prosthesis (FDP; n = 72) or removable dental prosthesis (RDP; n = 58) was measured using the Oral Health Impact Profile 14 (OHIP‐14) and global oral ratings (GOR) of aesthetics, chewing and comfort before and after treatment and global transition judgements (GTJ) of aesthetics, chewing and comfort after treatment. Explanatory variables included gender, age, if a prosthetic replacement was present before treatment, type of prosthetic treatment performed, number of teeth replaced and zone of the teeth replaced.ResultsThe RDP and FDP treatments both significantly improved the OHIP‐14 score with a moderate to large effect and most participants had good patient‐reported effect. The effect varied depending on the method used. In the bivariate analyses, the number of participants with good effect was higher in the RDP group than the FDP group when using the OHIP‐14 and GOR whereas the effect was higher in the FDP group when using the GTJ. Multiple regression analyses showed that poor chewing ability before treatment was associated with good effect measured by the OHIP‐14 and GOR and that poor effect in chewing ability and RDP treatment was associated with poor effect in comfort measured by GTJ. Functional problems after treatment were associated with no/poor effect.ConclusionsOral rehabilitation with fixed or removable prostheses in general yields good patient‐reported effect. Masticatory aspects highly influence the patient‐reported effect and treatment with RDP is associated with poor effect in oral comfort.
Detection of naturally occurring alloantibody by an in‐clinic antiglobulin‐enhanced and standard crossmatch gel column test in non‐transfused domestic shorthair cats
Authors: Goy‐Thollot Isabelle , Nectoux Alexandra , Guidetti Maryline , Chaprier Benjamin , Bourgeois Sarah , Boisvineau Catherine , Barthélemy Anthony , Pouzot‐Nevoret Céline , Giger Urs 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundBlood typing for theAandBantigens is essential and crossmatching testing is generally recommended before transfusing blood to cats.ObjectiveTo evaluate 2 crossmatch (XM) tests.AnimalsForty‐nine healthy domestic shorthair cats that had not received a blood transfusion.MethodsProspective study. Blood samples were typed forABusing immunochromatographic and flow cytometric techniques. A gel column (GC) and a feline antiglobulin‐enhanced gel column (AGC) XM tests were used for crossmatching.ResultsThe population included 34 typeA, 13B, and 2ABcats, with concordant results (r = 1,P< .005) by flow cytometry and immunochromatographic strip kit. The plasma from typeAcats had either no or weakanti‐Balloantibodies. The plasma of 12 of 13 typeBcats contained stronganti‐Aalloantibodies. For crossmatching, plasma to RBC pairings were prepared using the GC (n = 446) and AGC (n = 630) tests. Both methods showed compatibilities in 329 and incompatibilities in 102 pairings including allA‐Bmismatches. Additionally 15 pairings showed agglutination by the AGC but not GC method. Fourteen incompatibilities outside the expectedA‐Bmismatches were only revealed by AGC.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceABtyping using immunochromatographic strip is as accurate as laboratory flow cytometry. The 2 XM methods had good agreement with additional incompatibilities being recognized by the AGC XM beyondA‐Bincompatibilities. In clinic, felineABtyping and sensitive XM test kits are available and recommended before each transfusion, although the clinical implications of incompatible XM test results and clinical benefits of such crossmatching have not been documented.
The Mind of a Goal Achiever: Using Mental Contrasting and Implementation Intentions to Achieve Better Outcomes in General and Special Education
Authors: Hauser Marc D. 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTThe mind and brain sciences have uncovered important details about the mechanisms underlying goal attainment, including strategies to overcome obstacles. A suite of self‐regulatory strategies have made relatively little contact with education, despite cost‐effective methods and striking results in both educational contexts as well as other areas that impinge, often negatively, on educational outcomes (e.g., nutrition, addictions). This review starts with a description of two of these strategies: (1) implementation intentions, in which a goal is framed as an IF‐THEN statement where the IF defines the situational trigger or context and the THEN defines the behavioral response; (2) mental contrasting, in which an individual frames a goal as a contrast between a future wish and a current obstacle. Part 2 reviews the empirical literature as it pertains to education. Part 3 concludes with a discussion of future directions, including limitations and extensions to populations with mental health challenges.