bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibitory Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Olive Leaf (Olea europaea) on Growth of Candida albicans
Authors: Ghaffaripour Reza , Samsamipour Mahtab , Eslamifar Zahra , Madmoli Mostafa 
Published: July 2019

Introduction and Aim: Candida albicans is the most common and pathogenic species of Candida genus, known to be the fourth most common cause of blood infections. The present study investigates the inhibitory effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Olive leaf on growth of this yeast in vitro.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, fresh Olive leaf were collected from its natural habitat in Gotvand city and after washing the leaves were dried in a sterile environment. After verifying the plant species and receiving the herbarium code, the leaf of the plant was completely ground and the 80% hydroalcoholic extract of the plant was prepared by maceration method. Serial dilutions of extract were then prepared in RPMI 1640 medium from 256 to 1 mg/mL. Afterwards, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of this extract for fungus was achieved after 48 hours exposure of the extract to the yeast Suspension using micro broth dilution method and re-culturing on Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) medium and colony counting.
Results: After counting the yeast colonies grown on Sabouraud dextrose agar and performing one-way ANOVA statistical analysis at the significance level less than 0.05, Although all concentrations of equal to or greater than 4 mg / mL of extract had a significant difference from positive control colonies count, according to the concepts of MIC and MFC, concentrations of 8 and 32 mg / mL were considered as them, respectively.
Conclusion: Olive seems to be a proper complementary drug in the treatment of Candida albicans. Needless to say, this requires extensive pharmacological studies and the evaluation of the possible toxicity of the derivatives and compounds of this plant.
A tale of short tails, through thick and thin: investigating the sorting mechanisms of Golgi enzymes
Authors: Welch Lawrence G. , Munro Sean 
Published: July 2019

The Golgi apparatus is an important site for the modification of most secreted and membrane proteins. Glycan processing is the major class of modification and is mediated by a large number of Golgi‐resident glycosyltransferases and glycosidases. These Golgi enzymes are largely type II transmembrane domain (TMD) proteins consisting of a short N‐terminal cytosolic tail, a relatively short TMD and a lumenal ‘stem/stalk’ region which acts as a spacer between the catalytic domain and the lipid bilayer. The cytosolic tail, TMD, and stem together make what is termed the CTS domain which is responsible for the specific localisation of these enzymes within sub‐Golgi compartments via multiple mechanisms. In addition, the catalytic domains of some Golgi enzymes are secreted as a consequence of proteolytic cleavage within their TMDs or stem regions. Finally, there is evidence to suggest that when the retention of Golgi enzymes is perturbed they are targeted for lysosomal degradation.
Boric acid and tetraborates – Determination of boron in urine by ICP‐OES [Biomonitoring Methods, 2019]
Authors: Michalke B. , Grill P. , Morton J. , Göen T. , Hartwig A. ,   MAK Commission
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe working group “Analyses in Biological Materials” of the Permanent Senate Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area developed and validated the presented biomonitoring method.The analytical method described hereinafter is used to determine the boron concentration in urine using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP‐OES). The method is rapid, simple, reliable, adequately sensitive and also suitable for routine use in laboratories with high sample throughput. It is possible to determine boron at both occupational and environmental concentrations. Sample preparation is performed by 1/20 (V/V) dilution of urine with 5% nitric acid, which largely reduces matrix interferences.
Radiobiological and dosimetric impact of RayStation pencil beam and Monte Carlo algorithms on intensity‐modulated proton therapy breast cancer plans
Authors: Rana Suresh , Greco Kevin , Samuel E. James Jebaseelan , Bennouna Jaafar 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPurposeRayStation treatment planning system employs pencil beam (PB) and Monte Carlo (MC) algorithms for proton dose calculations. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the radiobiological and dosimetric impact of RayStation PB and MC algorithms on the intensity‐modulated proton therapy (IMPT) breast plans.MethodsThe current study included ten breast cancer patients, and each patient was treated with 1–2 proton beams to the whole breast/chestwall (CW) and regional lymph nodes in 28 fractions for a total dose of 50.4 Gy relative biological effectiveness (RBE). A total clinical target volume (CTV_Total) was generated by combining individual CTVs: AxI, AxII, AxIII, CW, IMN, and SCVN. All beams in the study were treated with a range shifter (7.5 cm water equivalent thickness). For each patient, three sets of plans were generated: (a) PB optimization followed by PB dose calculation (PB‐PB), (b) PB optimization followed by MC dose calculation (PB‐MC), and (c) MC optimization followed by MC dose calculation (MC‐MC). For a given patient, each plan was robustly optimized on the CTVs with same parameters and objectives. Treatment plans were evaluated using dosimetric and radiobiological indices (equivalent uniform dose (EUD), tumor control probability (TCP), and normal tissue complication probability (NTCP)).ResultsThe results are averaged over ten breast cancer patients. In comparison to PB‐PB plans, PB‐MC plans showed a reduction in CTV target dose by 5.3% for D99% and 4.1% for D95%, as well as a reduction in TCP by 1.5–2.1%. Similarly, PB overestimated the EUD of target volumes by 1.8─3.2 Gy(RBE). In contrast, MC‐MC plans achieved similar dosimetric and radiobiological (EUD and TCP) results as the ones in PB‐PB plans. A selection of one dose calculation algorithm over another did not produce any noticeable differences in the NTCP of the heart, lung, and skin.ConclusionIf MC is more accurate than PB as reported in the literature, dosimetric and radiobiological results from the current study suggest that PB overestimates the target dose, EUD, and TCP for IMPT breast cancer treatment. The overestimation of dosimetric and radiobiological results of the target volume by PB needs to be further interpreted in terms of clinical outcome.
Nonlinear Lipschitz measure and adaptive control for stability and synchronization in delayed inertial Cohen‐Grossberg–type neural networks
Authors: Aouiti Chaouki , Assali El Abed 
Published: July 2019

SummaryIn this paper, without transforming the original inertial neural networks into the first‐order differential equation by some variable substitutions, time‐varying delays are introduced into inertial Cohen‐Grossberg–type networks and the existence, the uniqueness, and the asymptotic stability and synchronisation for the neural networks are investigated. Firstly, the existence of a unique equilibrium point is proved by using nonlinear Lipschitz measure method. Second, by finding a new Lyapunov‐Krasovskii functional, some sufficient conditions are derived to ensure the asymptotic stability, the asymptotic synchronization, and the asymptotic adaptive synchronization. The results of this paper are new and they complete previously known results. We illustrate the effectiveness of the approach through a few examples.
3D Hybrid Plasmonic Photonic Crystals by Colloidal‐Crystal Templating and Hydrogel‐Assisted Conformal Metal Etching
Authors: Geng Chenyan , Sun Haiyan , Ma Lihui , Ling Cheng , Fu Ming , He Dawei , Wang Yongsheng 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe development of efficient colloidal templating methods for nanophotonic structures, leading to 3D synergy of photonic crystal behavior with uniform plasmonic resonances is significant, yet challenging. In this work, uniform Ag or Ni octahedral particles with 3D periodicity derived from dissociation of metallic inverse opals are dispersed in hydrogel by conformal etching. The hydrogel can maintain the position of the dissociated metal particles and does not hinder ion transport during the two‐step cyclic electrochemical process. Bragg peaks from the 3D behavior of the colloidal photonic crystals appear due to the reduced filling fraction of metals and are affected by the existence of localized plasmonic resonance (LSPR). LSPR is supported at frequencies ranging from near‐infrared to near‐ultraviolet due to the geometry of the dissociated metal particles. Dissociation of inverse opals during etching is monitored by examining their morphologies, cycle‐related variations in the electrochemical current density, cycle‐related increases of transmission intensities, and redshifts of the Bragg peak wavelengths due to an increased lattice constant in high pH solutions. Ag plasmonic photonic crystals filled with functional polymethacrylic acid and polyacrylamidophenylboronic acid hydrogels function as pH and glucose sensors. The sensitivity increases when plasmonic resonances affect the Bragg peaks.
Objective measures of sleep disturbances in children with Potocki–Lupski syndrome
Authors: Kaplan Kevin , McCool Caroline , Lupski James R. , Glaze Daniel , Potocki Lorraine 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPotocki–Lupski syndrome (PTLS; MIM 610883) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by a microduplication, a 3.7 Mb copy number variant, mapping within chromosome 17p11.2, encompassing the dosage‐sensitive RAI1 gene. Whereas RAI1 triplosensitivity causes PTLS, haploinsufficiency of RAI1 due to 17p11.2 microdeletion causes the clinically distinct Smith–Magenis syndrome (SMS; MIM 182290). Most individuals with SMS have an inversion of the melatonin cycle. Subjects with PTLS have mild sleep disturbances such as sleep apnea with no melatonin abnormalities described. Sleep patterns and potential disturbances in subjects with PTLS have not been objectively characterized. We delineated sleep characteristics in 23 subjects with PTLS who underwent a polysomnogram at Texas Children's Hospital. Eleven of these subjects (58%) completed the Child's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ). Urinary melatonin was measured in one patient and published previously. While the circadian rhythm of melatonin in PTLS appears not to be disrupted, we identified significant differences in sleep efficiency, percentage of rapid eye movement sleep, oxygen nadir, obstructive apnea hypopnea index, and periodic limb movements between prepubertal subjects with PTLS and previously published normative data. Data from the CSHQ indicate that 64% (7/11) of parents do not identify a sleep disturbance in their children. Our data indicate that younger individuals, <10 years, with PTLS have statistically significant abnormalities in five components of sleep despite lack of recognition of substantial sleep disturbances by parents. Our data support the contention that patients with PTLS should undergo clinical evaluations for sleep disordered breathing and periodic limb movement disorder, both of which are treatable conditions.
“Impact of timing of polymyxin B‐immobilized fiber column direct hemoperfusion on outcome in patients with septic shock: a single‐center observational study”
Authors: Tanaka Tomoki , Tabata Takahisa , Fujino Kazunori , Tsujita Yasuyuki , Eguchi Yutaka 
Published: July 2019

AimThe effect of polymyxin B‐immobilized fiber column direct hemoperfusion (PMX‐DHP) is controversial. The present study investigates whether outcome in septic shock patients is affected by the time until PMX‐DHP initiation and the location of the infection site (intra‐ or extra‐abdominal infection (IAI/EAI)].MethodsThis retrospective observational study included patients receiving PMX‐DHP for septic shock but excluded those treated after cardiac surgery or cardiac arrest. Based on the median and/or quartile time from catecholamine treatment to PMX‐DHP initiation, the patient cohort was divided into four groups and the IAI and EAI groups into two subgroups.ResultsAmong the 49 eligible patients, overall 90‐day mortality in group 1 (PMX‐DHP within 6 h) at 8.3% was significantly lower than in groups 2 (6–9 h; 46.1%), 3 (9–29 h; 58.3%) and 4 (>29 h; 75.0%) (P = 0.021). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the duration from catecholamine treatment to PMX‐DHP initiation correlated with 90‐day mortality (odds ratio 1.060; 95% confidence interval, 1.004–1.117; P = 0.028). Among the 29 IAI patients, 90‐day mortality was significantly lower in the early (within 9 h) than the late group (>9 h) (13.3% versus 64.2%; P = 0.003), but no significant intergroup difference was noted among the 20 EAI patients.ConclusionOur results suggest that early PMX‐DHP initiation (within 9 h after catecholamine treatment) reduces mortality from septic shock, especially in IAI patients.
Syntheseanwendungen der oxidativen aromatischen Kupplung – von Biphenolen zu Nanographenen
Authors: Grzybowski Marek , Sadowski Bartłomiej , Butenschön Holger , Gryko Daniel T. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDie oxidative aromatische Kupplung nimmt einen grundlegenden Platz in der modernen Arenchemie ein. Sie ist das Mittel der Wahl für den Aufbau großer, komplizierter Molekülarchitekturen. Auch die Scholl‐Reaktion und ihre Anwendungen in der Synthese chiraler Biphenole und Naturstoffe sind stark beforscht. Die Möglichkeit, Biarylverknüpfungen ohne Vorfunktionalisierung herzustellen, bietet einen effizienten Weg zu vielen komplexen Strukturen. Obwohl die Chemie hinter diesem Prozess erst jetzt nach und nach voll verstanden wird, ist er weiterhin eine Quelle der Inspiration. Dies trifft besonders auf Heterokupplungen zu, d. h. oxidative, aromatische Kupplungen unter chemoselektiver C‐C‐Bindungsbildung zwischen zwei verschiedenen Arenen. Eine Analyse der Fortschritte in diesem Feld seit 2013 zeigt, dass zahlreiche Gruppen hierzu beigetragen haben – durch die Entdeckung neuer struktureller Möglichkeiten, die Erweiterung zu oberflächengestützten (Cyclo)dehydrierungen und die Entwicklung neuer Reagenzien.
Chromophore Multiplication To Enable Exciton Delocalization and Triplet Diffusion Following Singlet Fission in Tetrameric Pentacene
Authors: Hetzer Constantin , Basel Bettina S. , Kopp Sebastian M. , Hampel Frank , White Fraser J. , Clark Timothy , Guldi Dirk M. , Tykwinski Rik R. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA tetrameric pentacene, PT, has been used to explore the effects of exciton delocalization on singlet fission (SF). For the first time, triplet decorrelation through intramolecular triplet diffusion was observed following SF. Transient absorption spectroscopy was used to examine different decorrelation mechanisms (triplet diffusion versus structural changes) for PT and its dimeric equivalent PD on the basis of the rate and activation barrier of the decorrelation step. Charge‐separation experiments using tetracyano‐p‐quinodimethane (TCNQ) to quench triplet excitons formed through SF demonstrate that enhanced intersystem crossing, that is, spin catalysis, is a widely underestimated obstacle to quantitative harvesting of the SF products. The importance of spatial separation of the decorrelated triplet states is emphasized, and independent proof that the decorrelated triplet pair state consists of two (T1) states per molecule is provided.
Stable J‐Aggregation of an aza‐BODIPY‐Lipid in a Liposome for Optical Cancer Imaging
Authors: Cheng Miffy H. Y. , Harmatys Kara M. , Charron Danielle M. , Chen Juan , Zheng Gang 
Published: July 2019

AbstractOrganic building blocks are the centerpieces of “one‐for‐all” nanoparticle development. Herein, we report the synthesis of a novel aza‐BODIPY‐lipid building block and its self‐assembly into a liposomal nanoparticle (BODIPYsome). We observed optically stable NIR J‐aggregation within the BODIPYsome that is likely attributed to J‐dimerization. BODIPYsomes with cholesterol showed enhanced colloidal stability while maintaining a high extinction coefficient (128 mm−1 cm−1) and high fluorescence quenching (99.70±0.09 %), which enables photoacoustic (PA) properties from its intact structure and recovered NIR fluorescence properties when it is disrupted in cancer cells. Finally, its capabilities for optical imaging (PA/fluorescence) were observed in an orthotopic prostate tumor mouse model 24 h after intravenous administration. Overall, the BODIPYsome opens the door for engineering new building blocks in the design of optically stable biophotonic imaging agents.
Stereoelectronic Effects in Ligand Design: Enantioselective Rhodium‐Catalyzed Hydrogenation of Aliphatic Cyclic Tetrasubstituted Enamides and Concise Synthesis of (R)‐Tofacitinib
Authors: Li Chengxi , Wan Feng , Chen Yuan , Peng Henian , Tang Wenjun , Yu Shu , McWilliams J. Christopher , Mustakis Jason , Samp Lacey , Maguire Robert J. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe herein report the development of a conformationally defined, electron‐rich, C2‐symmetric, P‐chiral bisphosphorus ligand, ArcPhos, by taking advantage of stereoelectronic effects in ligand design. With the Rh‐ArcPhos catalyst, excellent enantioselectivities and unprecedentedly high turnovers (TON up to 10 000) were achieved in the asymmetric hydrogenation of aliphatic carbocyclic and heterocyclic tetrasubstituted enamides, to generate a series of chiral cis‐2‐alkyl‐substituted carbocyclic and heterocyclic amine derivatives in excellent enantiomeric ratios. This method also enabled an efficient and practical synthesis of the Janus kinase inhibitor (R)‐tofacitinib.
Heteroepitaxial Growth of Multiblock Ln‐MOF Microrods for Photonic Barcodes
Authors: Yao Yinan , Gao Zhenhua , Lv Yuanchao , Lin Xianqing , Liu Yingying , Du Yuxiang , Hu Fengqin , Zhao Yong Sheng 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMicro/nanoscale multicolor barcodes with unique identifiability and a small footprint play significant roles in applications such as multiplexed labeling and tracking systems. Now, a strategy is reported to design multicolor photonic barcodes based on 1D Ln‐MOF multiblock heterostructures, where the domain‐controlled emissive colors and different block lengths constitute the fingerprint of a corresponding heterostructure. The excellent heteroepitaxial growth characteristics of MOFs enable the effective modulation of the coding structures, thereby remarkably increasing the encoding capacity. The as‐prepared multicolor barcodes enable an efficient authentication and exhibit great potential in fulfilling the functions of anti‐counterfeiting, information security, and so on. The results will pave an avenue to novel hybrid MOFs for optical data recording and security labels.
Insight into D6h Symmetry: Targeting Strong Axiality in Stable Dysprosium(III) Hexagonal Bipyramidal Single‐Ion Magnets
Authors: Canaj Angelos B. , Dey Sourav , Martí Emma Regincós , Wilson Claire , Rajaraman Gopalan , Murrie Mark 
Published: July 2019

AbstractFollowing a novel synthetic strategy where the strong uniaxial ligand field generated by the Ph3SiO− (Ph3SiO−=anion of triphenylsilanol) and the 2,4‐di‐tBu‐PhO− (2,4‐di‐tBu‐PhO−=anion of 2,4‐di‐tertbutylphenol) ligands combined with the weak equatorial field of the ligand LN6, leads to [DyIII(LN6)(2,4‐di‐tBu‐PhO)2](PF6) (1), [DyIII(LN6)(Ph3SiO)2](PF6) (2) and [DyIII(LN6)(Ph3SiO)2](BPh4) (3) hexagonal bipyramidal dysprosium(III) single‐molecule magnets (SMMs) with high anisotropy barriers of Ueff=973 K for 1, Ueff=1080 K for 2 and Ueff=1124 K for 3 under zero applied dc field. Ab initio calculations predict that the dominant magnetization reversal barrier of these complexes expands up to the 3rd Kramers doublet, thus revealing for the first time the exceptional uniaxial magnetic anisotropy that even the six equatorial donor atoms fail to negate, opening up the possibility to other higher‐order symmetry SMMs.
Channel‐Rich RuCu Nanosheets for pH‐Universal Overall Water Splitting Electrocatalysis
Authors: Yao Qing , Huang Bolong , Zhang Nan , Sun Mingzi , Shao Qi , Huang Xiaoqing 
Published: July 2019

AbstractChannel‐rich RuCu snowflake‐like nanosheets (NSs) composed of crystallized Ru and amorphous Cu were used as efficient electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER), hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), and overall water splitting in pH‐universal electrolytes. The optimized RuCu NSs/C‐350 °C and RuCu NSs/C‐250 °C show attractive activities of OER and HER with low overpotentials and small Tafel slopes, respectively. When applied to overall water splitting, the optimized RuCu NSs/C can reach 10 mA cm−2 at cell voltages of only 1.49, 1.55, 1.49 and 1.50 V in 1 m KOH, 0.1 m KOH, 0.5 m H2SO4 and 0.05 m H2SO4, respectively, much lower than those of commercial Ir/C∥Pt/C. The optimized electrolyzer exhibits superior durability with small potential change after up to 45 h in 1 m KOH, showing a class of efficient functional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting.
Differential Scanning Calorimetric Study of Solidification Behavior of Monoacylglycerols to Investigate the Cold‐Flow Properties of Biodiesel
Authors: Seniorita Latifa , Minami Eiji , Yazawa Yoshiteru , Hayashi Hitoshi , Saka Shiro 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMonoacylglycerols (MAG) are impurities present in biodiesel as a result of incomplete reactions. MAG often solidify in biodiesel even at room temperature because of their high melting points. This worsens the cold‐flow properties such as the cloud point and pour point. We hypothesized that several types of MAG solidify simultaneously; therefore, we performed differential scanning calorimetry of binary mixtures of MAG to elucidate their interactions during solidification. Three thermodynamic formulas were then applied to the experimental results: (1) non‐solid‐solution, (2) solid‐solution, and (3) compound formation models. Binary mixtures of MAG showed complicated liquidus curves with multiple upward convex shapes, with which only the compound formation model fitted well. This model was applied to multicomponent mixtures that consisted of MAG and fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) as surrogate biodiesel fuels. We confirmed that the model still worked well. The results show that the compound formation model has good potential for predicting the cold‐flow properties of biodiesel.
Thermo‐ and CO2‐triggered swelling polymer microgels for reducing water‐cut during CO2 flooding
Authors: Tian Qirui , Han Peihui , Li Bo , Feng Yujun 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTCO2 has been widely used in the process of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) over decades. However, the heterogeneity of oil reservoirs renders CO2 to flow preferentially into highly permeable zones, leaving tight areas unswept with oil unrecovered in these areas. While conventional water‐swelling gels were used for blocking the “channeling” path, most of them experience the risks of shrinkage under high temperature and CO2‐induced acidic environment. Here, we developed double swelling smart polymer microgels (SPMs) triggered by both heat and CO2. Such SPMs were prepared by copolymerization of acrylamide (AAm) in combination with N,N‐2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) and [2‐(methacryloyloxy) ethyl]dimethyl‐(3‐sulfopropyl) ammonium hydroxide (SBMA), and with N,N′‐methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) as the crosslinker. These SPMs swell when temperature is higher than 65 °C or in the presence of CO2, with an ameliorative salinity tolerance ability. Artificial sand pack flooding carried by SMPs at 65 °C showed an elevated plugging efficiency at around 97% under a simulated pressurization at 5 MPa, proposing a valid candidate for future EOR applications during CO2 flooding. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48305.