bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of testing parameters for tensile property evaluation of poly(vinyl alcohol) nanofibers webs
Authors: Lou Lihua , Wang Jilong , Ramkumar Seshadri 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTAn optimization study was conducted to understand the influence of thickness, speed of testing, and gauge length (specimen test length) on important mechanical properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) nanofiber webs. Using orthogonal experimental design, experimental trials were optimized for the three testing parameters, which enabled to undertake 25 experiments involving the three variables at five different levels. Polynomial regression equations show that the three variables have interactive influence on the mechanical properties tested. Of the three variables, thickness of nanofiber webs seems to have maximum influence on tensile properties. This study showed that the optimal values for tensile testing of nanowebs are gauge length at 0.50 cm, thickness of nanowebs at 0.10 mm, and speed of testing at 25 mm·min−1. This study will provide an opportunity to establish a standard method for the tensile evaluation of nanowebs involving gauge length, thickness, and speed of testing. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47159.
Radial crystallization difference of melt‐spun polypropylene fiber along spinning line
Authors: Pan Dan , He Houkang , Sun Junfen , Cao Min , Qin Zongyi , Chen Long 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTThe radial crystallization difference of polypropylene (PP) fiber along spinning line was investigated via synchrotron radiation microbeam X‐ray diffraction (μ‐XRD) analysis for the first time. Running fibers were collected at different spinning line positions to study its radial crystallization difference. The distribution of crystallinity, crystal form, and crystal size of PP fiber were obtained based on peak deconvolution. The relation between radial crystallization difference and processing condition was also investigated. The results indicate that the crystallinity of PP in the center region is found higher than the surface due to the radial temperature gradient during melt spinning, and the structure of fiber is highly sensitive to the radial temperature gradient. The crystallinity increased along spinning line and reaches a steady rate after 50 cm of spinning line position. The crystallite size increased before 50 cm of spinning line position and has a slight decrease after 50 cm due to the growth and splitting of crystal. These results display a 2D view of crystallization development of fiber during the melt spinning and give us a basic knowledge about the relation between structure evolution and processing conditions both in axis and radial directions. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47175.
Uterine Epithelial Cells Undergo a Plasma Membrane Transformation During Early Pregnancy in the Domestic Cat (Felis catus)
Authors: Dudley Jessica S. , Murphy Christopher R. , Thompson Michael B. , Carter Tanya , McAllan Bronwyn M. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTMammals exhibit similar changes in uterine epithelial morphology during early pregnancy despite having a diverse range of placental types. The uterine epithelium undergoes rapid morphological and molecular change (“plasma membrane transformation”) during the early stages of pregnancy to allow attachment of the blastocyst. The domestic cat, Felis catus is in the order Carnivora; all species within the Carnivora studied so far develop an endotheliochorial placenta during pregnancy. The endotheliochorial placental type is a common form of placental invasion in mammals. The molecular changes that allow remodeling of the uterine epithelium in preparation for implantation are unknown in most mammals but would provide us with an understanding of what molecules underpin successful implantation and pregnancy among Carnivora. We used immunofluorescence microscopy to localize the key adherens junction proteins desmoglein‐2 and E‐cadherin in the lateral plasma membrane of the uterine epithelium of F. catus during pregnancy. We show that redistribution of desmoglein‐2 and E‐cadherin likely facilitates reduction of cell‐to‐cell adhesion allowing for implantation of the blastocyst and formation of the placenta. The ultrastructural and molecular changes to the uterine epithelium during early pregnancy in F. catus are similar to that in species with other levels of placental invasiveness, suggesting that key molecules such as desmoglein‐2 and E‐cadherin are crucial to successful pregnancy across all mammals. Anat Rec, 301:1497–1505, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Systematic Analysis of the Smooth Muscle Wall Phenotype of the Pharyngeal Arch Arteries During Their Reorganization into the Great Vessels and Its Association with Hemodynamics
Authors: Ryvlin Jessica , Lindsey Stephanie E. , Butcher Jonathan T. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTEarly outflow morphogenesis is a critical event in cardiac development. Understanding mechanical and molecular based morphogenetic relationships at early stages of cardiogenesis is essential for the advancement of cardiovascular technology related to congenital heart defects. In this study, we pair molecular changes in pharyngeal arch artery (PAA) vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) with hemodynamic changes over the course of the same period. We focus on Hamburger Hamilton stage 24–36 chick embryos, using both Doppler ultrasound and histological sections to phenotype PAA VSMCs, and establish a relationship between hemodynamics and PAA composition. Our findings show that PAA VSMCs transition through a synthetic, intermediate, and contractile phenotype over time. Wall shear stress magnitude per arch varies throughout development. Despite distinct hemodynamic and fractional expression trends, no strong correlation was found between the two, indicating that WSS magnitude is not the main driver of PAA wall remodeling and maturation. While WSS magnitude was not found to be a major driver, this work provides a basic framework for investigating relationships between hemodynamic forces and tunica media during a critical period of development. Anat Rec, 302:153–162, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Changes in the Morphology of Hypoglossal Motor Neurons in the Brainstem of Developing Rats
Authors: Williams Paul Allen , Bellinger Denise L. , Wilson Christopher G. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTThe autonomic brainstem generates breathing rhythm by integrating inputs from chemosensors and mechanosensors in the viscera and coordinating descending outputs from higher structures in the central nervous system. Hypoglossal motoneurons (XII MNs) receive inputs from respiratory premotor neurons, important for maintaining airway patency. Previous studies in rodents report significant changes in breathing control during the first 3 weeks of life, with a sensitive period at 10 to 13 days postbirth (P10–P13) characterized by pronounced changes in neurotransmitters, excitation‐inhibition balance, and breathing physiology. However, age‐dependent morphological changes of XII MNs during the first 3 weeks postbirth and especially this sensitive period are under‐studied. Here, we comprehensively characterize and quantify the early morphological changes in rat XII MNs. We hypothesized that morphological changes in XII MNs correspond to the functionally defined sensitive period observed at postnatal day 10–13 (P10–P13). To test this hypothesis, we used an innovative contemporary statistical approach to analyze Golgi‐Cox stained XII MNs at nine postnatal ages between P1 and P21. Our findings reveal two subpopulations of XII MNs, which are dependent on age and morphological features. Soma size increased approximately 40% from P1 to P21, without changing shape. However, dendritic arborization increased in extent/distance and complexity. Dendritic branching of developing neurons significantly increased from P1 through P13, with the greatest increase at P10–P13 based on the Sholl method. Our detailed characterization of XII MN morphological development establishes a foundation for the study and elucidation of morphological changes caused by maternal and perinatal conditions. Anat Rec, 302:869–892, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Das BIM‐Fachmodell Ingenieurvermessung
Authors: Riemenschneider Andreas 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAb Ende 2020 sollen alle vom Bund finanzierten Verkehrsinfrastrukturprojekte mit der BIM‐Methode (BIM: engl. Building Information Modeling) realisiert werden. Die zielgerichtete Planung, der störungsfreie Bau und der anschließende Betrieb von Verkehrsanlagen benötigen aktuelle Zustandsdaten. Daten, die präzise Rückschlüsse auf die Geoposition, die Dimension, die Geometrie und die Beschaffenheit der Objekte zulassen. Das BIM‐Fachmodell Ingenieurvermessung liefert diese Daten und steht am Anfang eines ganzheitlichen, digitalen Prozesses, wenn zukünftig Verkehrsinfrastrukturprojekte geplant, gebaut und letztlich auch betrieben werden sollen. Der folgende Beitrag aus der Praxis zeigt auf, worum es sich bei dem Modell handelt, wie es entsteht und welche Ergebnisse die am BIM‐Prozess beteiligten Institutionen erwarten können.
Schwindverhalten von Beton aus kalksteinreichen Zementen
Authors: Rezvani Moien , Proske Tilo , Herget Christian , Graubner Carl‐Alexander 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMit der Zement‐ und Betonherstellung sind ein hoher Energieaufwand und mehr als 5 % der anthropogenen Kohlendioxidemissionen verbunden. Durch die Verwendung kalksteinreicher Zemente, deren Kalksteingehalte deutlich höher liegen als die in DIN EN 197‐1 festgelegten Höchstwerte, könnte die Umweltwirkung von Beton signifikant reduziert werden. Bislang wurde das Schwindverhalten von Beton aus derartigen Bindemitteln nicht vertiefend untersucht. In diesem Beitrag werden die Ergebnisse von Schwindversuchen an Zementleim und Beton aus kalksteinreichen Zementen mit Kalksteingehalten von bis zu 70 M.‐% vorgestellt. Untersucht wurden das autogene Schwinden und das Trocknungsschwinden. Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen, dass das Schwindverhalten von Zementstein und Beton aus kalksteinreichen Zementen nicht nur vom Kalksteingehalt, sondern stark von den chemisch‐mineralogischen Eigenschaften des Kalksteins abhängig ist. In diesem Zusammenhang wurden der Methylenblauwert und der Anteil alkalischer Oxide des Kalksteins als wichtigste Einflussparameter auf das Schwindverhalten identifiziert. Es wird aufgezeigt, dass Betone aus kalksteinreichen Zementen im Vergleich zu Betonen aus Portlandzement (CEM I) bei identischer Druckfestigkeit in der Regel geringere Schwindverformungen aufweisen. Abschließend wird ein Vorschlag zur Anpassung der Berechnungsansätze in DIN EN 1992‐1‐1 hinsichtlich des Schwindens von Betonen aus kalksteinreichen Zementen präsentiert.
A microfluidic gradient mixer‐flow chamber as a new tool to study biofilm development under defined solute gradients
Authors: Zhang Yingdan , Li Cheng , Wu Yichao , Zhang Yilei , Zhou Zhi , Cao Bin 
Published: October 2018

AbstractUnderstanding the dynamics of biofilm development in response to chemical cues and signals is required toward the development of controllable biofilm‐mediated bioprocesses. In this study, we report a new biofilm growth system that integrates a microfluidic gradient mixer with a biofilm growth chamber. The biofilm growth system allows biofilms to grow under defined solute gradients and enables nondestructive monitoring of the biofilm development dynamics in response to the defined gradients. The solute gradients generated in the system were simulated and then validated experimentally. We then demonstrated the applicability of the biofilm growth system in studying biofilm development under defined solute gradients. Specifically, we examined biofilm development of Shewanella oneidensis and
Comamonas testosteroni under a defined calcium and nitrate gradient, respectively. Using two
C. testosteroni strains (WDL7 and I2), we further demonstrated the applicability of our biofilm growth system to study the development of coculture biofilms under a defined solute gradient. Our results show that the biofilm growth system we have developed here can be a promising tool to reveal the dynamics of biofilm development in response to chemical cues and signals as well as the interorganism interactions in coculture biofilms.
Synthesis of magnetic nanoparticle‐based molecularly imprinted polymer as a selective sorbent for efficient extraction of ezetimibe from biological samples
Authors: Peyrovi Moazameh , Hadjmohammadi Mohammadreza , Saeidi Iman 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn the present study, a novel and efficient adsorbent constructed of molecularly imprinted polymer on the surface of modified magnetic nanoparticles with oleic acid (MNPs) was applied for the selective extraction of ezetimibe. The magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer (MMIP) was polymerized at the surface of modified MNPs using methacrylic acid as functional monomer, ezetimibe as template and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as cross‐linker. The resulting MMIP showed high adsorption capacity, good selectivity and fast kinetic binding for the template molecule. It was characterized by Fourier transform infrared analysis, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy methods. The maximum adsorption capacity of MMIP was obtained as 137.1 mg g−1 and it took about 20 min to achieve the equilibrium state. The adsorption model of the adsorbent was fitted with the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm equations. The assay exhibited a linear range of 0.003–20.000 mg L−1 for ezetimibe with a correlation coefficient of 0.995. The relative standard deviations for the recoveries were <5.2. The method was also examined for the analysis of ezetimibe in the biological samples.
Blood flow reversal from the external into the internal carotid artery—New insights into the hemodynamics at the carotid bifurcation
Authors: Meyer Patrick , Pelz Johann Otto 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundComplex blood flow patterns are a well‐known phenomenon at the carotid bifurcation. However, unlike for the descending aorta, a blood flow reversal has not been detected at the carotid bifurcation, so far.MethodsIn 17 subjects, flow patterns with focus on blood flow reversal were examined at the carotid bifurcation with vector flow imaging.ResultsWe found a blood flow reversal from the external carotid artery (ECA) into the internal carotid artery (ICA) in 13 of 25 (52%) carotid bifurcations. The blood flow reversal ranged 5.3 ± 1.7 mm (range 2.6–8.3 mm) distally to the beginning of the ECA and lasted 105 ± 59 ms (range 32–225 ms). The mean peak systolic velocity within the blood flow reversal was 12.5 ± 4.6 cm/s (range 5–18 cm/s).ConclusionA blood flow reversal from the ECA into the ICA during the systole is a frequent finding at the carotid bifurcation. Considering ischemic stroke, retrograde embolism from plaques in the proximal ECA into the ICA might play a role.
Early experience of seven hepatocellular carcinoma cases treated with regorafenib
Authors: Uchikawa Shinsuke , Kawaoka Tomokazu , Aikata Hiroshi , Kodama Kenichiro , Inagaki Yuki , Hatooka Masahiro , Morio Kei , Nakahara Takashi , Murakami Eisuke , Hiramatsu Akira , Tsuge Masataka , Imamura Michio , Kawakami Yoshiiku , Chayama Kazuaki 
Published: October 2018

Key Clinical MessageRegorafenib became second‐line treatment for the patients with sorafenib refractory. In our study, two patients could not continue regorafenib for its adverse effects. It was suggested that appropriate use criteria of regorafenib should be observed and manage adverse effects earlier.
GATA4 variant identified by whole‐exome sequencing in a Japanese family with atrial septal defect: Implications for male sex development
Authors: Shimizu Daisuke , Iwashima Satoru , Sato Keisuke , Hayano Satoshi , Fukami Maki , Saitsu Hirotomo , Ogata Tsutomu 
Published: October 2018

Key Clinical MessageWe identified a heterozygous p.(R284H) variant of GATA4 in a Japanese family with atrial septal defect, including boys with apparently normal male sex development. The findings, together with the previous data, imply that GATA4 variants primarily cause congenital heart disease and rarely result in 46,XY disorder of sex development.
B‐cell lymphoblastic lymphoma of the nictitating membrane as the first presenting sign in a 2‐year‐old Springer Spaniel
Authors: Holm Frederik , Hardon Tommy , Clasen‐Linde Erik , Hjorth Mikkelsen Lauge , Heegaard Steffen 
Published: October 2018

Key Clinical MessageB‐cell lymphoblastic lymphoma is an aggressive malignant disease. Necropsy and microscopical examination revealed widespread disease with a high proliferation index. This is the first reported case of B‐cell lymphoblastic lymphoma presenting in the ocular region and only the second reported lymphoma of the nictitating membrane.
Identification of a de novo case of COL5A1‐related Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome in an infant in the West Indies leading to improved targeted clinical care
Authors: Wardeh Amr , Jackson Tyson , Nelson Beverly , Ernst Carl , Théroux Jean‐François , Al‐Hertani Walla , Sobering Andrew K. , Maj Mary C. 
Published: October 2018

Key Clinical MessageA 1‐year‐old girl from an underserved community presented with irritability, pain, and delayed motor skills. Our genetics outreach program facilitated the diagnosis of Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome masquerading as developmental delay after noting hyperextensible skin. Diagnosis for this family allows for state‐of‐the‐art cardiac monitoring and appropriate symptomatic treatment for this rare disease.
Analytical Simulation of the Cloud Combustion of Corn Starch Microparticles
Authors: Wang Bo , Sharifian Seyedmehdi , Surendar Arvindhan , Ilyashenko Lubov K. , Yaghoubi Ebrahim 
Published: October 2018

AbstractKnowledge of the fundamentals of dust combustion is necessary for designing safety technologies such as flame arrestors. The structure of flame propagation in a uniformly distributed cloud of volatile fuel particles was simulated. A model based on energy and mass conservation laws was generated. The obtained system of equations was nondimensionalized and solved according to the introduced boundary conditions. Comparison of the results with the existing experimental data in the literature showed remarkable agreement. Finally, the effect of parameters such as particle size and Lewis number on the characteristics of the cloud combustion of biomass microparticles under both lean and rich conditions was studied.
Selective Preparation of a Heteroleptic Cyclometallated Ruthenium Complex Capable of Undergoing Photosubstitution of a Bidentate Ligand
Authors: Cuello‐Garibo Jordi‐Amat , James Catriona C. , Siegler Maxime A. , Hopkins Samantha L. , Bonnet Sylvestre 
Published: October 2018

AbstractCyclometallated ruthenium complexes typically exhibit red‐shifted absorption bands and lower photolability compared to their polypyridyl analogues. They also have lower symmetry, which sometimes makes their synthesis challenging. In this work, the coordination of four N,S bidentate ligands, 3‐(methylthio)propylamine (mtpa), 2‐(methylthio)ethylamine (mtea), 2‐(methylthio)ethyl‐2‐pyridine (mtep), and 2‐(methylthio)methylpyridine (mtmp), to the cyclometallated precursor [Ru(bpy)(phpy)(CH3CN)2]+ (bpy=2,2′‐bipyridine, Hphpy=2‐phenylpyridine) has been investigated, furnishing the corresponding heteroleptic complexes [Ru(bpy)(phpy)(N,S)]PF6 ([2]PF6–[5]PF6, respectively). The stereoselectivity of the synthesis strongly depended on the size of the ring formed by the Ru‐coordinated N,S ligand, with [2]PF6 and [4]PF6 being formed stereoselectively, but [3]PF6 and [5]PF6 being obtained as mixtures of inseparable isomers. The exact stereochemistry of the air‐stable complex [4]PF6 was established by a combination of DFT, 2D NMR, and single‐crystal X‐ray crystallographic studies. Finally, [4]PF6 was found to be photosubstitutionally active under irradiation with green light in acetonitrile, which makes it the first cyclometallated ruthenium complex capable of undergoing selective photosubstitution of a bidentate ligand.
Inside Cover: Cobalt(II)‐Catalyzed Bis‐isocyanides Insertion Reactions with Boric Acids and Sulfonyl Azides via Nitrene Radical Coupling (Chin. J. Chem. 11/2018)
Authors: Gu Zheng‐Yang , Zhang Rong , Wang Shun‐Yi , Ji Shun‐Jun 
Published: October 2018

The inside cover picture shows isocyanide is an important reactive reactant, which has been widely used in the construction of nitrogen‐containing compounds. In our previous works, we found that cobalt catalyzed reactions of sulfonyl azide with isocyanide can effectively synthesize guanidines and isoureas. Therefore, we envisaged the cobalt‐catalyzed cascade reaction of sulfonyl azide, isocyanide and boronic acid to construct sulfonyl amidinium imine derivatives. The background of the cover shows Soochow University's motto “unto a full grown man”, and the use of Suzhou's outstanding traditional handicrafts “nut‐carving” to present “isocyanide” has a wonderful effect, as meaningful as the chemical reaction in this article. More details are discussed in the article by Ji et al. on page 1011–1016.
image
Cost‐effectiveness of rapid on‐site evaluation of the adequacy of FNA cytology samples performed by nonpathologists
Authors: Pearson Lauren N. , Layfield Lester J. , Schmidt Robert L. 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundRapid on‐site evaluation (ROSE) can increase adequacy and reduce needle passes in fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) procedures. However, ROSE increases the cost of FNAC. Costs may be reduced if ROSE is performed by an alternate evaluator (AE), such as a cytotechnologist (CT), endoscopist, or pulmonologist, rather than a cytopathologist (CP). Studies have shown that AEs can perform ROSE with high accuracy but are generally not as accurate as CPs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of AEs on the cost‐effectiveness of ROSE.MethodsA cost model, based on a mathematical sampling model, was developed. The cost model was used to compare the impact of the evaluator type on overall costs.ResultsCTs were likely to be cost‐effective for simple procedures and were unlikely to be cost‐effective for only the most complex procedures. The model demonstrated the tradeoff in cost savings from using AEs and the potential costs associated with repeated procedures due to the lower accuracy of AEs.ConclusionsThe cost‐effectiveness of AEs is context‐dependent. AEs can be cost‐effective even if they are less accurate than CPs. AEs are likely to be cost‐effective in most contexts.