bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Score filtering for contextualized noise suppression of Poisson‐distributed geophysical signals
Authors: Altdorff Daniel , Schrön Martin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGeophysical and remote sensing products that rely on Poisson‐distributed measurement signals, such as cosmic‐ray neutron sensing (CRNS) and gamma spectrometry, often face challenges due to inherent Poisson noise. Common techniques to enhance signal stability include data aggregation or smoothing (e.g., moving averages and interpolation). However, these methods typically reduce the ability to resolve detailed temporal (stationary data) and spatial (mobile data) features. In this study, we introduced a method for contextual noise suppression tailored to Poisson‐distributed data, utilizing a discrete score attribution system. This score filter evaluates each observation against eight different criteria to assess its consistency with surrounding values, assigning a score between 0 (very unlikely) and 8 (very likely) to indicate whether the observation is likely to act as noise. These scores can then be used to flag or remove data points based on user‐defined thresholds. We tested the score filter's effectiveness on both stationary and mobile CRNS data, as well as on gamma‐ray spectrometry and electromagnetic induction (EMI) recordings. In our examples, the score filter consistently outperformed established filters, for example Savitzky–Golay and Kalman, in direct competition when applied to CRNS time series data. Additionally, the score filter substantially reduced Poisson noise in mobile CRNS, gamma‐ray spectrometry and EMI data. The scoring system also provides a context‐sensitive evaluation of individual observations or aggregates, assessing their conformity within the dataset. Given its general applicability, customizable criteria and very low computational demands, the proposed filter is easy to implement and holds promise as a valuable tool for denoising geophysical data and applications in other fields.
Relationships between abdominal adipose tissue and neuroinflammation with diffusion basis spectrum imaging in midlife obesity
Authors: Dolatshahi Mahsa , Commean Paul K. , Rahmani Farzaneh , Xu Yifei , Liu Jingxia , Hosseinzadeh Kassani Sara , Naghashzadeh Mahshid , Lloyd LaKisha , Nguyen Caitlyn , McBee Kemper Abby , Hantler Nancy , Ly Maria , Yu Gary , Flores Shaney , Ippolito Joseph E. , Song Sheng‐Kwei , Sirlin Claude B. , Dai Weiying , Mittendorfer Bettina , Morris John C. , Benzinger Tammie L. S. , Raji Cyrus A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study investigated how obesity, BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, abdominal adiposity, and systemic inflammation relate to neuroinflammation using diffusion basis spectrum imaging.MethodsWe analyzed data from 98 cognitively normal midlife participants (mean age: 49.4 [SD 6.2] years; 34 males [34.7%]; 56 with obesity [57.1%]). Participants underwent brain and abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), blood tests, and amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Abdominal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue (VAT and SAT, respectively) was segmented, and Centiloids were calculated. Diffusion basis spectrum imaging parameter maps were created using an in‐house script, and tract‐based spatial statistics assessed white matter differences in high versus low BMI values, VAT, SAT, insulin resistance, systemic inflammation, and Centiloids, with age and sex as covariates.ResultsObesity, high VAT, and high SAT were linked to lower axial diffusivity, reduced fiber fraction, and increased restricted fraction in white matter. Obesity was additionally associated with higher hindered fraction and lower fractional anisotropy. Also, individuals with high C‐reactive protein showed lower axial diffusivity. Higher restricted fraction correlated with continuous BMI and SAT particularly in male individuals, whereas VAT effects were similar in male and female individuals.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that, at midlife, obesity and abdominal fat are associated with reduced brain axonal density and increased inflammation, with visceral fat playing a significant role in both sexes.image
Mapping of composition‐rheology relationships in polymer composite‐type precursors
Authors: Grover Caitlin A. , Bernal Cindy Bonilla , Sargin Irmak , Beckman Scott P. , Gozen B. Arda 
Published: November 2024

AbstractConsidering their simplicity, processibility, and tunable rheological properties, polymer composite‐type precursors hold exceptional promise in the processing of polymers, ceramics, metals, and their composites. This large variety of precursors used in many different applications cover a large compositional space with dramatically varying rheological properties. Understanding how precursor composition influences their rheological properties is a key need towards streamlining the design and implementation of these precursors. With regard to this design advancement, this study elucidates the composition‐rheology relationships of graphene‐poly(ethylene) oxide (PEO) composite inks as a sample polymer composite‐type precursor. To this end, shear and extensional rheology of numerous compositions were studied across a wide compositional space, which varied graphene concentration, total solid concentration, and binder molecular weight. These studies showed that composition greatly affected various rheological parameters, such as the overall presence of yielding behavior. Specifically, this study illustrated the influence of (i) binder structure, (ii) total solid loading, and (iii) binder‐filler interactions on ink rheology. Extensional rheology was studied to examine how relaxation behaviors were dependent on composition and explicate how relaxation behaviors coincide with responses to shear forces. In tandem, our results illuminate significant composition‐rheology relationships in polymer composite‐type precursors.Highlights
Rheology of polyethylene oxide‐graphene composite precursors were studied.
Shear and extensional rheology, and their correlations were investigated.
Composition‐binder molecular weight‐yielding relationships were elucidated.
Extensional relaxation regimes were identified with respect to composition.
Results can be used to determine compositional ranges for different processes.
Investigation of electrochemical properties of lithium salt/poly(vinylidene fluoride)/polypyrrole blends
Authors: Kargar‐Esfandabadi Mahdi , Golshan Marzieh , Roghani‐Mamaqani Hossein , Salami‐Kalajahi Mehdi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this study, structural, thermal, morphological, and electrochemical properties of poly(vinylidene fluoride)/polypyrrole (PVDF/PPy) blends are investigated. The investigation revealed phase separation between PPy and PVDF, a phenomenon supported by the thermodynamic interaction parameter. Increasing the PPy content from 10 to 50 wt% led to a significant reduction in the crystallinity of PVDF from 55.1% to 39.6%, and a corresponding decrease in the glass transition temperature (Tg) from 52.2 to 42.3°C. The enhanced interaction between components in the PVDF/PPy blends leads to an increase in local free volume due to the disruption of the polymer matrix. This disruption allows for greater molecular mobility, which in turn decreases the Tg. The increase in local free volume facilitates segmental motion of the polymer chains, thereby reducing the energy required for the transition from a glassy to a rubbery state. Ionic conductivity of the blends decreased with rising temperatures, likely due to interactions between the fluorine groups of PVDF and the NH groups of PPy. Notably, the transference number of lithium ions (tLi+) decreased from 0.30 to 0.14 as the PPy content increased from 10% to 50%, indicating a strong interaction between the cation and the polymer matrix.Highlights
Electrochemical properties of poly(vinylidene fluoride)/polypyrrole (PVDF/PPy) blends are investigated.
Interaction parameter‐supported phase separation is seen between PPy and PVDF.
Intramolecular interactions of PVDF result in increasing local free volume.
Ionic conductivity of the blends decreased with rising temperatures.
tLi+ decreased with PPy increasing due to strong interaction of cation/matrix.
Social Support, Social Strain, Stressful Life Events and Mortality Among Postmenopausal Women With Breast Cancer
Authors: Wang Fengge , Simon Michael S. , Kroenke Candyce H. , Krok‐Schoen Jessica , Jung Su Yon , Chlebowski Rowan , Ballinger Tarah J. , Pichardo Margaret S. , Coday Mace , Garcia Lorena , Luo Juhua 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionSocial support, social strain and stressful life events could induce chronic stress, which affects prognosis and survival after breast cancer diagnosis. However, few studies have examined the impact of psychosocial factors on different competing mortality events.MethodsWe included 9154 postmenopausal women who were newly diagnosed with invasive breast cancer after enrollment in the Women's Health Initiative, as of March 6th, 2021. Psychosocial factors were collected and stratified into quartiles. Cause of death was verified through adjudicated medical record reviews. Associations between psychosocial factors and all‐cause mortality, breast cancer mortality, and cardiovascular disease mortality were examined by competing risk models. Subsequent stratified analyses were performed by race.ResultsWith a median follow‐up time of 8.6 years, 3218 deaths were identified. Compared to participants with less social support, those who had higher social support had significantly lower all‐cause mortality (Q4 vs. Q1, HR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.81, 0.9). The highest quartile of social strain was associated with lower CVD mortality (Q4 vs. Q1: HR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.65, 0.99). After stratification, a similar relationship was found in White women but not in Black women.ConclusionOur findings suggest that there was an association between high social support and reduced all‐cause mortality regardless of cancer stages at diagnosis. Social support interventions after breast cancer diagnosis could have the potential to reduce overall mortality.
Understanding of Polydopamine Formulation for Oral Therapeutic Delivery in Ulcerative Colitis Treatment
Authors: Liu Jie , Tan Hui‐Shi , Wang Jun , Lin Cheng‐Yuan , Xiao Hai‐Tao , Liu Jun , Xu Zhi‐Ping , Huang Chong‐Yang , Bian Zhao‐Xiang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOral therapeutic delivery remains challenged by gastrointestinal tract (GI) barriers, which hinders the successful transition of therapeutic candidates into clinical treatments. Polydopamine (PDA), with its versatile ability to overcome GI barriers, offers a promising drug formulation technology to address the challenge. Nevertheless, many critical questions remain unanswered regarding the practicality of PDA‐based formulations. Building on the previous research, which tackled multiple physicochemical aspects, the current study aims to address another three outstanding issues, including the quantification of residual dopamine (DA) in PDA‐based formulations, the examination of these formulations stimulatory effects on colon tissue, and the potential anti‐inflammatory properties. To facilitate this investigation, a curcumin‐containing nanomedicine (CP@CCS) is prepared as a representative PDA‐based formulation. The results reveal a marked decrease of residual DA within the formulation. In the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC), the formulation do not provoke the substantial contractions in colon tissue typically induced by DA. Furthermore, in vivo evaluation verified the supplementary anti‐UC benefits of PDA. These outcomes add evidence for the practicality of PDA‐based formulations in terms of safety and therapeutic efficacy. Finally, a conceptual framework is proposed for understanding the role of PDA in oral therapeutic delivery, thereby providing insightful directions for subsequent research.
Efficacy of Action Observation Therapy on Gait, Balance and Mobility Impairments: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Picardi Michela , Temporiti Federico , Salamone Chiara , Tropea Peppino , Buccino Giovanni , Corbo Massimo , Gatti Roberto 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and purposeAction Observation Therapy (AOT) has been proposed to improve gait, balance and mobility in subjects with neurological and musculoskeletal disorders. The current review aimed to investigate AOT effects in subjects with gait, balance and mobility impairments.MethodsA systematic literature search was performed using PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE and Scopus databases from inception until May 2023. Randomized controlled trials investigating effects of AOT on gait, balance and mobility in subjects with any type of clinical condition were included. Two reviewers performed data extraction and methodological quality assessment using the revised Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized trials. The overall effects were reported as mean difference (MD) or standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsThirty‐one studies were included. Low evidence supported AOT to enhance walking speed (SMD: 0.40; 95% CI: 0.17, 0.62; I2 = 0%), stride length (SMD: 0.35; 95% CI 0.05, 0.66; I2 = 0%) and single limb support duration (MD: 4.1%; 95% CI: 1.0, 7.2, I2 = 0%) after stroke. Low evidence supported AOT to improve walking distance (MD: 56.8 m; 95% CI; 39.2, 74.4 m) and dynamic (SMD: 0.40; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.76; I2 = 0%) and static (SMD: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.32, 1.05; I2 = 0%) balance, while very low evidence supported AOT to enhance mobility (MD: −1.48 s; 95% CI; −2.2, −0.8 s; I2 = 0%) after stroke. Moderate evidence supported AOT to improve dynamic balance in subjects with Parkinson's disease (SMD: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.09, 0.79; I2 = 28%), while low evidence supported AOT to enhance dynamic balance (SMD: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.15, 1.08; I2 = 27%) and mobility (MD: −2.08 s; 95% CI; −3.5, −0.6 s; I2 = 0%) in patients with orthopedic conditions.ConclusionAOT improved gait, balance and mobility after stroke, dynamic balance in patients with Parkinson's disease and dynamic balance and mobility in patients with orthopedic conditions. However, evidence certainty was generally low and further high‐quality studies are needed.Trial RegistrationPROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (n. CRD42021240626)
Radiation induced liver injury (RILI) evaluation using longitudinal computed tomography (CT) in image‐guided precision murine radiotherapy
Authors: Wang Yuenan , Guan Fada , Wang Siyuan , Jian Wanwei , Khan Mohammad 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPurposeWe aim to perform image‐guided, dose‐escalated, well‐controlled liver‐irradiated animal studies and subsequently evaluate radiation induced liver injury (RILI) using longitudinal CT.MethodsEighteen 6–8 weeks mice were divided into three groups: control, 15Gy and 30Gy irradiated groups. The animal protocol was approved by the animal care ethics committee of our institution. Precision radiotherapy started with CT simulation, followed by treatment planning using volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), image guidance with cone beam CT (CBCT) and radiation delivery on a medical linear accelerator. Weekly CT was conducted on the same CT simulator using same scanning parameters. At the end of fifth week, all mice were sacrificed, and histological staining was performed. Body weight, liver volume, HU values and histogram distributions were analyzed.ResultsBody weight of irradiation groups was significantly reduced compared to that of the control group (p<0.05). Liver volume in irradiated groups was reduced too. The average liver HU was significantly reduced in irradiated groups (HU mean = 62±3, 48±6, and 36±8 for the control, 15Gy and 30Gy respectively; p control vs. 15Gy < 0.05, p control vs. 30Gy < 0.05). A linear relationship between liver HU and radiation dose was found. Furthermore, HU histogram changes with time and dose showed not only density but also structure might be affected by radiation. HE and Masson Trichrome staining confirmed histological change and increased collagen deposition in irradiated liver.ConclusionLongitudinal unenhanced CT is a useful imaging tool to evaluate the severity and progression of radiation induced liver injury.
Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling of drug–drug interactions between ritonavir‐boosted atazanavir and rifampicin in pregnancy
Authors: Atoyebi Shakir , Montanha Maiara Camotti , Nakijoba Ritah , Orrell Catherine , Mugerwa Henry , Siccardi Marco , Denti Paolo , Waitt Catriona 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRitonavir‐boosted atazanavir (ATV/r) and rifampicin are mainstays of second‐line antiretroviral and multiple anti‐TB regimens, respectively. Rifampicin induces CYP3A4, a major enzyme involved in atazanavir metabolism, causing a drug–drug interaction (DDI) which might be exaggerated in pregnancy. Having demonstrated that increasing the dose of ATV/r from once daily (OD) to twice daily (BD) in non‐pregnant adults can safely overcome this DDI, we developed a pregnancy physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model to explore the impact of pregnancy. Predicted pharmacokinetic parameters were validated with separate clinical datasets of ATV/r alone (NCT03923231) and rifampicin alone in pregnant women. The pregnancy model was considered validated when the absolute average fold error (AAFE) for Ctrough and AUC0‐24 of both drugs were <2 when comparing predicted vs. observed data. Thereafter, predicted atazanavir Ctrough was compared against its protein‐adjusted IC90 (14 ng/mL) when simulating the co‐administration of ATV/r 300/100 mg OD and rifampicin 600 mg OD. Pregnancy was predicted to increase the rifampicin DDI effect on atazanavir. For the dosing regimens of ATV/r 300/100 mg OD, ATV/r 300/200 mg OD, and ATV/r 300/100 mg BD (all with rifampicin 600 mg OD), predicted atazanavir Ctrough was above 14 ng/mL in 29%, 71%, and 100%; and 32%, 73% and 100% of the population in second and third trimesters, respectively. Thus, PBPK modeling suggests ATV/r 300/100 mg BD could maintain antiviral efficacy when co‐administered with rifampicin 600 mg OD in pregnancy. Clinical studies are warranted to confirm safety and efficacy in pregnancy.
A fragmentation study of disaccharide flavonoid C‐glycosides using triple quadrupole mass spectrometry and its application for identification of flavonoid C‐glycosides in Odontosoria chinensis
Authors: Huang Bin , Chen Fangjun , Zhang Xiang , Hu Yanzhen , Zhang Yuanyuan , Chen Le , Meng Yan , Wen Ping 
Published: November 2024

RationaleFlavonoid C‐glycosides have a wide range of pharmacological activities. However, there are few mass spectrometric research on C,O‐disaccharide flavonoid C‐glycosides and di‐C,O‐saccharide flavonoid C‐glycosides. Their low‐energy collision‐induced dissociation (ESI‐CID‐MS/MS) fragmentation pattern and differences have not been reported, and the fragment ion library is incomplete. Therefore, it was essential to elucidate the fragmentation patterns of disaccharide flavonoid C‐glycosides, which is described in this study.MethodsFour disaccharide flavonoid C‐glycosides such as vitexin‐4″‐O‐glucoside were analyzed by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer (UPLC‐MS/MS) using electrospray ionization (ESI) in both positive and negative ion modes. Each ion and its proposed fragmentation pathways of the four disaccharide flavonoid C‐glycosides were analyzed comprehensively. Finally, ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (UPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS/MS) and the established fragmentation patterns have been used to identify disaccharide flavonoid C‐glycosides in Odontosoria Chinensis.ResultsThe fragmentation pathways of C,O‐disaccharide flavonoid C‐glycosides and di‐C,O‐saccharide flavonoid C‐glycosides are similar. They both have the mass spectrometric characteristics of O‐glycoside and C‐glycoside. Product ions after mixed pathways of neutral fragments such as saccharide ring fragment, O‐glycosides, H2O, and CH2O elimination appeared in both types of flavonoid C‐glycosides, but their relative abundances are significantly different. According to the established fragmentation patterns, di‐C,O‐saccharide flavonoid glycosides were also found in Odontosoria chinensis.ConclusionThe fragment ions at m/z 431, 413, 341, 311, 293, and 282 in negative ion mode and m/z 293, 282, 577, 559, 541, 523, 529, and 499 in positive ion mode can serves as the main characteristics for identifying C,O‐disaccharide flavonoid C‐glycosides and di‐C,O‐saccharide flavonoid C‐glycosides.
Targeting the Ubiquitin Proteasome System to Combat Influenza A Virus: Hijacking the Cleanup Crew
Authors: Anang Vandana , Antonescu Laura , Nho Richard , Soni Sourabh , Mebratu Yohannes A. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTInfluenza A virus (IAV) remains a significant global public health threat, causing substantial illness and economic burden. Despite existing antiviral drugs, the emergence of resistant strains necessitates alternative therapeutic strategies. This review explores the complex interplay between the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) and IAV pathogenesis. We discuss how IAV manipulates the UPS to promote its lifecycle, while also highlighting how host cells utilise the UPS to counteract viral infection. Recent research on deubiquitinases as potential regulators of IAV infection is also addressed. By elucidating the multifaceted role of the UPS in IAV pathogenesis, this review aims to identify potential targets for novel therapeutic interventions.
Seroprevalence of Viral Hepatitis B and Occult Hepatitis B Among Blood Donors in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Simpore Abibou , Bazie Bapio Valerie E. J. T. , Yooda Paul A. , Zoure Abdou Azaque , Sawadogo Salam , Sawadogo Abdoul‐Guaniyi , Kambiré Dinanibé , Compaore Rebeca T. , Tao Issoufou , Zongo Véronique S. , Compaore Muller K. A. , Soubeiga Patrice A. , Fopa Diderot , Bisseye Cyrille , Kiba‐Koumare Alice , Djigma Florencia W. , Kabre Elie , Simpore Jacques 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTHepatitis B virus (HBV) Infection remains a public health problem and a threat to blood transfusion safety. The aim of this study was to summarise the scientific literature on the seroprevalence of HBV and occult HBV among blood donors in Africa. Searches were carried out in PubMed, Science Direct, Global Index Medicus and African Journals Online from 2012 to 2022. Dersimonian and Laird's random‐effects model‐based method was used for statistical analyses to estimate pooled seroprevalence at a 95% confidence interval (CI) using STATA version 14 software. Heterogeneity was assessed on the basis of Cochran's Q test and quantified by the I2 index. The methodological quality of the articles was assessed using the Joanna Brigg Institute's critical appraisal checklist. Among 90 articles included, 86 reported data in serological test that a pooled HBV seroprevalence of 5.53% (95% CI: 4.56–6.58; I2 = 99.94%) and 14 provided occult hepatitis B data. A high prevalence of 9.69% (95% CI: 8.42–11.03) was observed in the West African region. Lowest prevalence was 1.22% (95% CI: 0.74–1.83) in South Africa region. Prevalence in Africa among men was: 5.18% (95% CI: 3.97–6.54) and in women: 3.50% (95% CI: 2.45–4.71) (I2 = 99.76% and p < 0.01). While the overall pooled prevalence of occult hepatitis B was 3.18% (95% CI: 1.29–5.81). HBV seroprevalence is high in low‐resource areas of Africa, and the data generated by this situation calls for constant epidemiological surveillance. Emphasis must be placed on building blood donor loyalty and integrating molecular testing into the biological qualification of blood donations.