bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of Externalizing Problems and Empathy on the Daily Report Card
Authors: Bansal Pevitr S. , Meza Jocelyn I. , Chung Sara , Henry Laura N. , Dvorsky Melissa R. , Haack Lauren M. , Owens Elizabeth B. , Pfiffner Linda J. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe daily report card (DRC) is a commonly used behavioral intervention in which teachers rate child performance on target goals and parents provide home rewards based on the child’s performance. The current study investigated associations between child externalizing problems, empathy, and specific components of the DRC: (1) types of DRC goals that are chosen, (2) teacher and parent adherence to the DRC, and (3) child performance on the DRC. These aims were examined in a sample of 71 children (ages 7–11) who were enrolled in a school-home intervention designed for children with significant inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive behaviors. Teachers and parents completed separate baseline measures of inattention (IA), hyperactivity/impulsivity (H/I), conduct problems (CP), and empathy. Outcomes included type of DRC goals (i.e., academic, behavioral, and social-emotional), teacher and parent adherence to the DRC during the initial four-week intervention period, and child DRC performance during the same period. First, IA predicted more academic goals but fewer social-emotional goals, H/I predicted fewer academic goals but more behavioral goals, and CP predicted more social-emotional goals. Second, H/I predicted better parental adherence such that parents rewarded their child’s DRC more frequently. Third, baseline empathy predicted better overall DRC performance; externalizing problems did not negatively impact DRC performance. Results suggest that the DRC is a robust behavioral modification tool that can be tailored to fit each child’s needs and severity of externalizing problems. Empathy may serve as an important factor when designing treatment protocols to improve overall child behavior.
Millet and meals: the role and significance of Panicum miliaceum in culinary contexts at Bruszczewo, Poland
Authors: Standall Edward A. , Craig Oliver E. , Kneisel Jutta , Müller Johannes , Kirleis Wiebke , Czebreszuk Janusz , Heron Carl 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The translocation of broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum) is an enticing subject of archaeological investigation. While the species was rapidly dispersed across Eurasia during prehistory, its adoption appears to have been inconsistent, with evidence for its sudden and gradual adoption, as well as its rejection, observed within and between contemporary communities and cultures. The translocation of P. miliaceum may be better understood through the identification of its role and significance as a foodstuff among past populations. This study employs molecular investigation and bulk and compound-specific isotope analysis to study organic residues produced during culinary activities at Bruszczewo, Poland, during the Early Bronze Age (EBA) and Late Bronze Age / Early Iron Age (LBA/EIA). The analysis of ceramic-absorbed and charred ‘foodcrust’ residues enabled a comprehensive examination of vessel use-life and the production of individual meals. This study strongly suggests that P. miliaceum was not present at Bruszczewo during the EBA, conforming to its established translocation chronology, while highlighting its extensive use during the LBA/EIA. The cereal was incorporated into a variety of culinary activities, constituting both a minor and major ingredient of many meals, while being absent in others. Finally, the observation of apparently unrestricted use of P. miliaceum at Bruszczewo provided further insight into the role and significance of this cereal relative to contemporary LBA/EIA evidence for its use across the region.
A novel method for fault diagnosis in photovoltaic arrays used in distribution power systems
Authors: Zare A. , Simab M. , Nafar M. , Rodrigues Eduardo M. G. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study addresses the critical issue of fault diagnosis in photovoltaic (PV) arrays, considering the increasing integration of distributed PV systems into power grids. The research employs a novel approach that combines artificial neural networks, specifically radial basis functions (RBFs), with machine learning techniques. The methodology involves training the RBF neural network using input features like voltage, current, temperature, and irradiance, derived from the PV array, to detect and classify various fault types. Notably, it comprehensively evaluates the accuracy of this approach, with a particular focus on detecting maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and mismatch faults. The findings reveal significant advantages, in which the proposed method outperforms existing techniques, achieving an approximately 20% increase in accuracy, with fault detection rates for specific faults ranging from 81.29 to 93.44%. Simulation results represent that by leveraging RBFs within neural networks, it offers improved fault detection and classification, making it a valuable advancement in the field of PV fault diagnosis.
Mapping the philosophy and neuroscience nexus through citation analysis
Authors: Petrovich Eugenio , Viola Marco 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe provide a quantitative analysis of the philosophy-neuroscience nexus using citation analysis. Combining bibliometric indicators of cross-field visibility with journal citation mapping techniques, we investigate four dimensions of the nexus: how the visibility of neuroscience in philosophy and of philosophy in neuroscience has changed over time, which areas of philosophy are more interested in neuroscience, which areas of neuroscience are more interested in philosophy, and how the trading zone between the two fields is configured. We also discuss two hypotheses: the supposed occurrence of a neuro-revolution in philosophy and the role of psychology as the disciplinary link between neuroscience and philosophy. Both the visibility of neuroscience in philosophy and the visibility of philosophy in neuroscience have increased significantly from 1980 to 2020, albeit the latter remains an order of magnitude lower than the former. Neuroscience is particularly visible in philosophy of mind, applied ethics, philosophy of science, but not in ‘core’ areas of analytic philosophy. Philosophy is particularly visible in cognitive and systems neuroscience and neuropsychiatry, but not in biomedical neuroscience. As for the trading zone between philosophy and neuroscience, our data show that it works differently in philosophy and in neuroscience. While some philosophy journals are active loci of bidirectional communication, neuroscience journals are divided between journals ‘importing’ philosophy in neuroscience and journals ‘exporting’ neuroscience to philosophy. Lastly, data do not support the hypothesis that a widespread neuro-revolution has transformed philosophy radically, but support the hypothesis that psychology functions as a mediating disciplinary link between philosophy and neuroscience.
Environmentally friendly shape memory biofoams
Authors: Malewska Elżbieta , Prociak Tomasz , Michałowski Sławomir , Barczewski Mateusz , Banaś Joanna , Kurańska Maria , Prociak Aleksander 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSearching for renewable raw materials that would comply with the requirements of Green Chemistry and the assumptions of sustainable development is an ongoing and important problem. In the present article, an attempt was made to obtain biopolyols from selected solid plant fats, i.e., babassu, cocoa, coconut, mango, palm, or shea oil. In the research performed, modification of plant oil was provided by a one-step and solvent-free transesterification method, to obtain biopolyols characterized by hydroxyl numbers from 360 to 460 mgKOH/g. Biopolyols from plant oils were subsequently used to obtain polyurethane viscoelastic foams (PUVFs). Biopolyols were applied in the amount of 10%, 20%, and 30% relative to the total weight of the polyols used to prepare PUVFs. The obtained materials were characterized by an apparent density of about 100 kg/m3, a hardness of about 2–3 kPa, a comfort factor of about 2.5, and a resilience of less than 10%, which may be interesting to the industrial sector for applications such foams as the materials able to energy absorbing. The study analyzed the effect of the chemical structure of the oils on the physicochemical properties of the obtained biopolyols, as well as the physical and mechanical properties of PUVFs.
Stewardship and social justice: implications of using the precautionary principle to justify burdensome antimicrobial stewardship measures
Authors: Johnson Tess 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance has been termed a ‘silent pandemic’, a ‘hidden killer.’ This language might indicate a threat of significant future harm to humans, animals, and the environment from resistant microbes. If that harm is uncertain but serious, the precautionary principle might apply to the issue, and might require taking ‘precautionary measures’ to avert the threat of antimicrobial resistance, including stewardship interventions like antibiotic prescription caps, bans on certain uses in farming sectors, and eliminating over-the-counter uses of antibiotics. The precautionary principle is a useful tool in ethical analyses of antimicrobial stewardship measures, but as I argue in this article, it ought not be used as a standalone tool. The principle considers the magnitude of harms to be averted and those arising from precautionary measures, but—importantly—it does not consider the distribution of those harms. That may raise issues of social justice if the harms of stewardship measures befall already disadvantaged populations. To avoid this blind spot in ethical analysis using the precautionary principle, it ought never be used alone, but rather always alongside justice-considering ethical concepts such as reciprocity, benefit-sharing, or a just transition.
Befragung von Beschäftigten in der ambulanten Pflege zu psychischen Belastungsfolgen mithilfe des COPSOQs – ein Altersgruppenvergleich
Authors: Bölsch-Peterka Ronja , Thielmann Beatrice , Nübling Matthias , Böckelmann Irina 
Published: December 2024

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund
Die Situation in der ambulanten Pflege hat sich den letzten Jahren weiter verschärft und ist in der Pandemiezeit in der Gesellschaft präsenter geworden. Ambulante Pflege zeichnet sich durch ihre mobile Tätigkeit aus und hat andere Belastungen als die stationäre Pflege wie beispielsweise Alleinarbeit, besondere klimatische Bedingungen, Unfallrisiko im Straßenverkehr und die Rahmenbedingungen vor Ort.

Ziel der Arbeit
Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, mit einer angepassten Version des COPSOQs (Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire) die Belastungsstrukturen von ambulanten Pflegekräften in 2 Altersgruppen zu erfassen.

Material und Methoden
Es wurden von 08/2019 bis 01/2020 33 Pflegekräfte aus 3 ambulanten Pflegediensten aus Sachsen-Anhalt mithilfe des COPSOQs befragt. Es gab sowohl eine Anpassung innerhalb der Arbeitsumgebung und physischen Anforderungen und ein zusätzliches Modul zur Erfassung der Bedingungen der mobilen Tätigkeit. Es wurden für die Daten sowohl ein Altersgruppenvergleich als auch ein Vergleich mit der COPSOQ-Referenzdatenbank durchgeführt.

Ergebnisse
In vielen Skalen und Items besteht kein Altersgruppenunterschied. Ältere Beschäftigte zeigten dabei meist höhere Belastungen, aber in einigen Bereichen, wie dem Gemeinschaftsgefühl, schnitten die unter 45-Jährigen schlechter ab. Im Referenzgruppenvergleich hat die Referenzgruppe bei den Punktwerten der COPSOQ-Skalen schlechter abgeschnitten. Dies betraf v. a. die Arbeitsbedingungen. Die ambulanten Pflegekräfte wiesen bei einer Betrachtung der Beschwerden ähnliche Punktwerte trotz der besseren Arbeitsbedingungen als die Referenzgruppe auf. Ein Vergleich der Belastungsfaktoren vor Ort und beim Kunden lässt erkennen, dass die Bedingungen in den Patient*innenwohnungen bis auf einen Faktor signifikant schlechter sind.

Diskussion
Trotz der kleinen Stichprobe zeichnet sich ein differenziertes Bild der Belastungsstruktur der Pflegekräfte und ein ähnliches Beschwerdebild, wie es bereits in der Literatur beschrieben wurde, ab. Eine Begründung hierfür könnte sein, dass sich die Belastungsgrenze für Beschäftigte des pflegerischen Versorgungssystems in Deutschland immer weiter verschärft und selbst gute Bedingungen in den Pflegediensten die strukturellen und gesetzlichen Rahmenbedingungen nicht mehr ausgleichen können.
Socioeconomic factors influencing rural-urban ambulance response time disparities in Connecticut
Authors: Krishna Eashwar 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAcross the U.S, it is a documented fact that rural areas have longer ambulance response times and tend to have lower median income. The objective of this study was to test if the rural-urban emergency medical service (EMS) response time disparity was related to wealth disparity in the state of Connecticut. All mean EMS response times were sourced from the 2016 Office of Emergency Medical Services Data Report. Rural definitions were sourced from the Connecticut Office of Rural Health. Median income data was drawn from the Connecticut Office of Policy and Management. A Mann-Whitney U test determined if the average rural EMS response time was greater than the non-rural EMS response time. Pearson coefficients quantified the relationship between median income and EMS response time. A t-test ascertained if the average median income differed between the two datasets. The mean EMS response time was 12.98 min (SD = 3.36) rural and 8.26 min (SD = 2.12) non-rural. Rural mean response time and median income were not significantly correlated (r = -.148, p=.247); non-rural mean response time and median income were also not significantly related. No significant disparity was detected (t=0.478, p=.633) between the mean rural household income ($98,258) and mean non-rural household income ($95,706). Significant disparities in EMS response times can exist between rural and non-rural towns separate from median income trends, as is the case in Connecticut. These findings may have limited generalizability because of Connecticut’s relatively high median income as compared to other states yet may be relevant to states with similar economic metrics.
International legal arrangements for illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing: legal mechanisms and challenges in Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Md Syful , Hasan A. S. M. Mahmudul 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIllegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing is a significant global issue that threatens marine biodiversity, economic stability in coastal communities, and the international law of the sea and maritime law enforcement. This study analyzes the legal mechanisms and roles of international and regional arrangements in combating IUU fishing. It identifies enforcement challenges, resource limitations, and needs for capacity building as key gaps in the management of IUU fishing. This analysis focuses on a comprehensive identification of the current and enforceable laws within the international sphere. Furthermore, it specifically examines the legal framework of Bangladesh for IUU fishing and notes persistent enforcement and resource constraints. Challenges include enforcement gaps, inconsistencies in global coordination, and complexities in maritime jurisdiction. Bangladesh faces significant challenges with IUU fishing due to inadequate regulations, weak enforcement, and poor management. Foreign intrusions, unauthorized trawlers, and local violations exacerbate the depletion of crucial fish species and the loss of biodiversity. In the Bay of Bengal, the activities of Indian and Burmese fishermen within Bangladeshi territorial waters are leading to significant disturbances. These actions not only result in substantial economic losses for Bangladesh but also present major challenges due to their illegality. To effectively combat IUU fishing, Bangladesh requires robust legal frameworks, stringent monitoring, enhanced penalties, and international cooperation. Analysis and the identification of gaps in the case of Bangladesh can function as a pivotal guide for various stakeholders and may be employed as a critical model for academic and policy frameworks.
South-central Laurentide Ice Sheet dynamics and the formation of proglacial Lake Vita during MIS 3
Authors: Gauthier Michelle S. , Hodder Tyler J. , Dalton April S. , Brewer Vanessa , Lian Olav B. , Finkelstein Sarah A. , Schaarschmidt Maria , Mereghetti Alessandro 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAn understanding of the growth and demise of ice sheets over North America is essential to inform future climate models. One poorly studied subject is the glacial dynamics during interstadial Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 (57–29 ka). To better constrain the southern margin of the Laurentide Ice Sheet during this time period, we re-examined a stratigraphic sequence in southeast Manitoba, Canada, and provide robust evidence for advance and retreat of ice. Around 46.6 ± 5.1 ka (1σ error), fluvial sands were deposited under similar precipitation and significantly cooler summer temperatures than present-day. Ice then advanced south over the area, before retreating once again and a return to boreal forest and grassland conditions. The area was then covered by proglacial Lake Vita, dammed by ice to the north. Geochronology constraints indicate Lake Vita existed from ca. 44.3 ± 3.6 to 30.4 ± 2.3 ka (1σ error), although gaps in the optical and finite radiocarbon ages suggest either a lack of data or plausible temporary ice-margin advances during this time period. Ice covering most of Manitoba during MIS 3 is in line with global δ18O records, and glacially influenced sediment deposition in the Mississippi River basin.
The utility of Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer as a patient resource in paediatric otolaryngology
Authors: Jongbloed Walter M , Grover Nancy 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to determine the feasibility of using Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) (https://chatgpt.com) as a patient resource for paediatric otolaryngology conditions and assess the quality of responses generated by ChatGPT when compared with information available on the internet.MethodChatGPT responses to common paediatric otolaryngology conditions were compared with top internet pages for readability (Flesch Reading Ease score, word count), expediency (time taken to generate response), validity (comparison of recommendations to the American Academy of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery guidelines) and consistency (changes in recommendations based on question variation).ResultsChatGPT was more expeditious in generating responses with fewer words, albeit with higher reading scores. When compared with accredited guidelines, there was no difference in validity between these sources (internet sources and ChatGPT). Consistent responses were obtained with question variation.ConclusionChatGPT may be a valuable source for patients and families in providing valid information comparable to internet materials.
Prosodic strength in Campidanese Sardinian as Substance-Free Phonology
Authors: Chabot Alex 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe ambition of this article is to provide a phonological account of an intricate pattern of lenition and gemination in Campidanese Sardinian. The data show two things: that a model of phonology needs some way of showing strength and weakness as positional effects and that neither can be reliably understood in phonetic terms. In this analysis, the discovery procedure does not depend on raw phonetic facts, but rather on a rich model of abstract phonological representations. These representations are of two kinds, melodic and prosodic, and they allow for a substance-free phonological analysis of lenition and fortition in Campidanese that is not confronted by the difficulties inherent in surface-oriented approaches.
Continuities and disruptions in the National Council of Justice’s strategy of AI implementation in Brazil: the data-seafarers of Justice 4.0
Authors: Hedler Luisa 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe introduction of algorithms in courts is currently the object of much scrutiny, attempting to find balance between increasing efficiency to the legal system and avoiding associated risks. This paper aims to explore how the judiciary organisations responsible for implementing algorithms describe the temporal demands of continuity and change, through a case-study of the Brazilian National Council of Justice (CNJ). Through its centralised, collaborative and open-access based platform, the CNJ views algorithms as a necessary step to deal with excessive case-load, and as a rationality-instituting mechanism for a currently dysfunctional situation. It attempts to deal with risks of disruption by placing itself in a supervisory role regarding all algorithms developed by courts across the country, ensuring the quality of the data and excluding the moment of judicial decision-making from automation, but this does not exclude the representation of the new technology as an instrument to implement specific doctrinal positions.
Black-box guided generalised linear model building with non-life pricing applications
Authors: Lindholm Mathias , Palmquist Johan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe paper introduces a method for creating a categorical generalized linear model (GLM) based on information extracted from a given black-box predictor. The procedure for creating the guided GLM is as follows: For each covariate, including interactions, a covariate partition is created using partial dependence functions calculated based on the given black-box predictor. In order to enhance the predictive performance, an auto-calibration step is used to determine which parts of each covariate partition should be kept, and which parts should be merged. Given the covariate and interaction partitions, a standard categorical GLM is fitted using a lasso penalty. The performance of the proposed method is illustrated using a number of real insurance data sets where gradient boosting machine (GBM) models are used as black-box reference models. From these examples, it is seen that the predictive performance of the guided GLMs is very close to that of the corresponding reference GBMs. Further, in the examples, the guided GLMs have few parameters, making the resulting models easy to interpret. In the numerical illustrations techniques are used to, e.g., identify important interactions both locally and globally, which is essential when, e.g., constructing a tariff.