bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uncertainty of Measurement in Laboratory Medicine
Authors: Milinković Neda , Ignjatović Svetlana , Šumarac Zorica , Majkić-Singh Nada 
Published: May 2018

SummaryAn adequate assessment of the measurement uncertainty in a laboratory medicine is one of the most important factors for a reliable interpretation of the results. A large number of standards and guidelines indicate the need for a proper assessment of the uncertainty of measurement results in routine laboratory practice. The available documents generally recommend participation in the proficiency schemes/ external quality control, as well as the internal quality control, in order to primarily verify the quality performance of the method. Although all documents meet the requirements of the International Standard, ISO 15189, the standard itself does not clearly define the method by which the measurement results need to be assessed and there is no harmonization in practice regarding to this. Also, the uncertainty of measurement results is the data relating to the measured result itself, but all factors that influence the interpretation of the measured value, which is ultimately used for diagnosis and monitoring of the patient's treatment, should be taken into account. So in laboratory medicine, an appropriate assessment of the uncertainty of the measurement results should have the ultimate goal of reducing diagnostic uncertainty. However, good professional laboratory practice and understanding analytical aspects of the test for each individual laboratory is necessary to adequately define the uncertainty of measurement results for specific laboratory tests, which helps to implement good clinical practice. Also, setting diagnoses in medicine is a decision with a certain degree of uncertainty, rather than statistically and mathematically calculated conclusion.
Serum Concentration of Hepcidin as an Indicator of Iron Reserves in Children
Authors: Ćulafić Jelena , Kolarović Jovanka , Pezo Lato , Čabarkapa Velibor , Nikolić Stanislava , Stojadinović Aleksandra , Solarov Marija Bodroža 
Published: May 2018

SummaryBackground:Anemia represents a significant cause of maternal and perinatal mortality, as well as child mortality. The aim of the research was to determine the serum concentration of hepcidin in children aged 6 months to 2 years and adolescents aged 11 to 19 years which suffer from iron deficiency anemia and compare it with the serum concentration of hepcidin in the control groups, as well as to determine its connection with the parameters of the iron metabolism.Methods:The research included 173 examinees, 89 of them suffered from iron deficiency anemia and 84 did not suffer from iron deficiency anemia (the latter represented the control group). Blood samples were collected from all study participants. The samples were analyzed for complete blood count and parameters of iron metabolism. ELISA method was used for establishing serum hepcidin levels.Results:The research showed that the concentration of hepcidin is statistically lower in children (4.4 ng/mL) and adolescents (4.1 ng/mL) who suffer from iron deficiency anemia in comparison with the control group (14 ng/mL, 10 ng/mL, respectively). The positive correlation between serum hepcidin level and iron in the serum, ferritin, the mean corpuscular volume and transferrin saturation was confirmed, but the negative one occurred in serum hepcidin level, transferrin and reticulocytes.Conclusions:The age of the examinees does not influence the level of serum hepcidin which makes it a more sensitive indicator of the level of iron in the body. Besides this, serum hepcidin is a reliable biological marker for the assessment of iron deficiency anemia.
Evaluation of a Summary Score for Dyslipidemia, Oxidative Stress and Inflammation (The Doi Score) in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and its Relationship with Obesity
Authors: Blagojević Iva Perović , Ignjatović Svetlana , Macut Djuro , Kotur-Stevuljević Jelena , Božić-Antić Ivana , Vekić Jelena , Bjekić-Macut Jelica , Kastratović-Kotlica Biljana , Andrić Zoran , Ilić Dušan 
Published: May 2018

SummaryBackground:Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a cardiometabolic disorder whose features include dyslipidemia, increased oxidative stress (OS, oxy) and chronic inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of a summary score for dyslipidemia, OS and inflammation (the DOI score) to discriminate PCOS patients from healthy individuals and to evaluate the effect of obesity on individual scores and the DOI score in patients.Methods:Lipid status parameters, OS status parameters (advanced oxidation protein products; total oxidative status; prooxidant-antioxidant balance; malondialdehyde; total protein sulphydryl groups and paraoxonase 1 activity) and CRP were measured in 114 patients and 50 controls using standardised assays. The DOI score was calculated as the sum of dyslipidemia, oxy and inflammation scores, determined as Z-score values for every subject in relation to the controls.Results:PCOS patients had significantly higher oxy-score compared to controls (P<0.001). In addition, the DOI score was significantly higher in PCOS patients (P<0.001) as the dyslipidemia (P<0.05) and inflammatory scores (P<0.001) were greater. According to ROC analysis, the oxy-score showed better diagnostic accuracy in discriminating PCOS patients compared to the DOI score (AUC>0.9, P<0.01). Furthermore, obesity affected the risk scores in patients, especially the DOI score (significantly higher DOI scores in such patients, P<0.001).Conclusion:PCOS patients had greater dyslipidemia, chronic inflammation and OS compared to controls and could be segregated using all four scores. Our data suggest that weight gain could be the common factor responsible for induction and propagation of dyslipidemia, OS and inflammation in PCOS patients.
From the Unitary Patent Package to a Federal EU Patent Law
Authors: Almeida Juliana , Costa Guilherme Oliveira e 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
For the last forty years, the European Union has been pursuing the goal of a unified system of patent law, which would make it possible for an invention to be protected, by EU law, throughout the territory of the Member-States, with a single application. This would simplify the patent protection system, making it easier, less costly and more secure, and would facilitate access to the internal market and promote scientific and technological development. However, problems might arise because of the plurality of legal sources that could be involved and due to the fact that not all countries want to be part of this new system. Nevertheless, the involvement of the majority of the Member-States in the Unitary Patent Package, through participating in an international agreement and in using the EU’s enhanced cooperation mechanism, is evidence of federalist manifestations of the EU as a sui generis organisation.
The voting systems in the Council of the EU and the Bundesrat – What do they tell us about European Federalism?
Authors: Czaputowicz Jacek , Kleinowski Marcin 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The Treaty of Lisbon introduced a new system of weighted votes in the Council, which radically departs from the principles on which the distribution of votes between the Member States of the EU was based for more than half a century. At the same time, the system of double majority is fundamentally different from the assumptions on which voting systems in federal states are based, including in the Bundesrat. Systems used in federal states are usually based on a compromise between the equality of states, and the equality of citizens. Consequently, in the Nice system, smaller Member States in the EU had relatively greater power compared to their populations than smaller federal units in the German Bundesrat. The results presented in this paper indicate that the Lisbon system of voting in the Council differs significantly from voting systems in federal states.
Socialisation and legitimacy intermediation in the Council of the European Union
Authors: Ławniczak Kamil Ł. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The Council is a crucial intergovernmental institution of the European Union. However, the complex, opaque and consensual character of the decision-making process in the Council puts its legitimacy into question. Intergovernmentalist theory posits that it is sufficiently legitimised, indirectly, by the member state governments. Constructivist research, on the other hand, suggests that socialisation might disturb the relaying of positions from the national to the supranational level, as the former approach implies. This paper aims to explore these issues, in particular related to representation and consensus. It contains an analysis of material generated in in-depth interviews and concludes that more effort is invested into reaching a more inclusive compromise in the Council than one would expect if it were to decide by qualified majority. Socialisation is weakening the input legitimacy of decisions made in the Council, while at the same time enhancing their output legitimacy by favouring genuine consensus.
Penggunaan Digital Influencer dalam Promosi Produk (Studi Kasus Akun Instagram @bylizzieparra)
Authors: Evelina Lidya Wati , Handayani Fitrie 
Published: May 2018

Digital influencer adalah sebuah fenomena dalam promosi produk di industri media digital. Para Digital Influencer mengunggah beragam foto dan video pada akun media sosial dengan kegiatan keseharian mereka, makanan yang dimakan, tempat-tempat hang-out, pendapat tentang suatu hal, hingga berbagai tutorial dan ulasan produk. Kemampuan membangun komunitas menjadikan mereka mampu mempromosikan produk buatan sendiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis seorang Digital Influencer dalam mempromosikan produk yang follower-nya dianggap sebagai beauty guru. Metode Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan metode studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi online pada akun IG Influencer, wawancara informan dengan pihak digital agency. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan teknik komparatif konstan yang menempatkan data ke dalam kategori, kemudian dicari hubungan antarkategori dan disederhanakan dalam struktur yang koheren. Hasil Penelitian mengungkapkan, menggunakan digital influencer untuk promosi memiliki kelebihan dari segi high tech dan high touch dibanding promosi melalui iklan. Digital influencer perlu melakukan 4C dalam aktivitas digitalnya, yaitu memperhatikan context, communication, collaboration and connection. Data juga menunjukkan jumlah follower saja tidak cukup untuk menjadikan seseorang sebagai digital influencer. Perlu diperhatikan engagement yang terjadi antara influencer dengan khalayaknya, kesesuaian value antara influencer dengan followers-nya dan seberapa percaya khalayak terhadap sosok influencer tersebut.
Anodal Transcranial Direct-Current Stimulation to Enhance Rehabilitation in Individuals With Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy: A Triple-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Belley Amélie Fournier , Mercier Catherine , Bastien Maude , Léonard Guillaume , Gaudreault Nathaly , Roy Jean-Sébastien 
Published: May 2018

Background Anodal transcranial direct-current stimulation (a-tDCS) has been shown to enhance the effects of sensorimotor training in neurological populations. Sensorimotor training leads to reduced pain and increased function in the treatment of rotator cuff tendinopathy. The addition of a-tDCS during a rehabilitation program centered on sensorimotor training may improve treatment outcomes in individuals with rotator cuff tendinopathy. Objective To compare 2 groups of individuals with rotator cuff tendinopathy, one receiving a rehabilitation program centered on sensorimotor training with a-tDCS and the other receiving the same rehabilitation program with sham a-tDCS. Methods In this triple-blind, parallel-group randomized controlled trial, 40 adults with rotator cuff tendinopathy participated in a 6-week rehabilitation program (8 treatments with home exercises and including sensorimotor training, patient education, and strengthening). They were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups to receive either real a-tDCS (stimulation, 1.5 mA for 30 minutes) or sham a-tDCS during the first 5 treatments. Symptoms and functional limitations (Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire, Western Ontario Rotator Cuff index) of all participants were evaluated at baseline and at 3, 6, and 12 weeks. Acromiohumeral distances (ultrasonographic measurement at 0°, 45°, and 60° of arm elevation) were assessed at baseline and 6 weeks. Two-way or 3-way repeated-measures analyses of variance were used for statistical analyses. Results Both groups showed statistically significant improvement in Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire and Western Ontario Rotator Cuff index scores at 3, 6, and 12 weeks, and in acromiohumeral distance at 45° and 60° at 6 weeks (P<.05). No significant group-by-time interaction was observed for all outcomes (P>.43). Conclusion Results do not demonstrate any improved treatment outcomes from the addition of a-tDCS during a rehabilitation program for individuals with rotator cuff tendinopathy. Level of Evidence Therapy, level 1b. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2018;48(7):541–551. Epub 10 May 2018. doi:10.2519/jospt.2018.7871
The Association of Illness Perception and Prognosis for Pain and Physical Function in Patients With Noncancer Musculoskeletal Pain: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: de Raaij Edwin J. , Ostelo Raymond W. , Maissan Francois , Mollema Jurgen , Wittink Harriët 
Published: May 2018

Background In the literature, illness perceptions have been reported to be important psychological factors associated with pain intensity and physical function in individuals with musculoskeletal pain. Objective To assess the relationship of illness perceptions with pain intensity and physical function in individuals with noncancer musculoskeletal pain. Methods In this systematic review, relevant literature databases, including PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus, were searched from inception through December 12, 2017. Two authors (E.D.R. and H.W.) independently performed the search procedures, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses and the A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews guidelines, and the risk-of-bias assessment, using the QUality In Prognosis Studies tool. A qualitative best-evidence synthesis was performed. Results A total of 26 articles were included in the review. There were 11 cross-sectional studies concerning associations of illness perceptions with pain intensity and 11 cross-sectional studies of associations of illness perceptions with physical function. For the prognosis of pain intensity by illness perceptions, the authors found 4 longitudinal studies, and for the prognosis of physical function by illness perceptions, the authors found 12 longitudinal studies. All studies except 1 had high risk of bias. Across 15 cross-sectional studies on 9 different musculoskeletal conditions, the researchers found limited to moderate evidence for a consistent direction of the relationship of illness perceptions with pain intensity and physical function. Higher maladaptive illness perceptions imply stronger pain intensity and more limitation in physical function. Evidence in longitudinal studies is lacking, especially on pain. Conclusion There is limited to moderate evidence for the cross-sectional relationship between illness perceptions and various musculoskeletal conditions. The prognostic value, however, remains unclear. Future research is recommended to investigate the longitudinal relationship between illness perception domains and outcomes in greater detail. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2018;48(10):789–800. Epub 10 May 2018. doi:10.2519/jospt.2018.8072
Mortalidad y estancia hospitalaria relacionada con trauma ocupacional atendido durante el fin de semana en el servicio de emergencias.
Authors: Teherán Aníbal A , Alfonso Luis E. , Ávila Albert , Hernández Juan Carlos , Pacheco Claudia P. , Chapeta Edwin G. , Pimienta-Neira Fernando J. , Martínez Víctor M. 
Published: May 2018

Objetivo. Los desenlaces del trauma ocupacional agudo (TOA) puede estar condicionado al desarrollo industrial y al momento de la semana de ocurrencia; se comparó la mortalidad y estancia hospitalaria (EH) de trabajadores que presentaron TOA en diferentes momentos de la semana.Métodos. Con un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo y utilizando los datos de una base de datos administrativa de trabajadores atendidos por TOA, entre enero/2007-diciembre/2010, en una Clínica de III nivel en Bogotá, se comparó la mediana de EH y el riesgo de mortalidad (OR; IC95%) en pacientes atendidos por TOA entre semana (ES) y en fin de semana (FdS); la frecuencia de eventos fue ponderada (p) por los días ES-p (4 días) y FdS-p (3 días).Resultados. Se evaluaron 65.169 registros médicos, en FdS-p y en ES-p ocurrieron 4295 y 13071 TOA, respectivamente; los TOA predominaron en hombres, adultos-jóvenes (edad mediana 30-33 años). La mediana de EH ES fue 0,43 horas y en FdS 0,48 horas (p: 0,000). Los TOA ocurridos en trabajadores de 45-64 años (3,47;1.76-6,76), atendidos en la noche (3,27;1,64-6,40), en FdS (4,57;1,25-18,4) y en noche-FdS (4,49;1,64-14,0) presentaron el riesgo más elevado de mortalidad.Conclusión. Los trabajadores atendidos por TOA durante el fin de semana tienen mayor EH, riesgo de muerte y baja frecuencia de atenciones por Medicina Especializada. Los protocolos institucionales de atención por TOA podrían contemplar este efecto, para brindar atenciones seguras y equitativas, independiente del momento de atención.
THE FORMATION OF INTERCULTURAL COMPETENCE OF FUTURE PHILOLOGISTS BY INCREASING OF LECTURERS PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE
Authors: Nezhenets E. 
Published: May 2018

The paper proves the need of lecturers training to form future philologists intercultural competence. The need has several reasons: firstly, the development of future philologists intercultural competence requires improvement of lecturers pedagogical skills and the development of their own intercultural communication skills; secondly, as higher school teachers are free to choose education technologies, forms, methods and means of students learning, they should be given the relevant methodological knowledge for training students with a high level of intercultural competence . The article describes the forms and methods of improving the lecturers professional competence that are necessary for the formation of future philologists entercultucal competence. The best ways for increasing lecturers professional competence are: participation in scientific seminars, participation in international projects, studying the best educational experience connected with the formation of intercultural competence, scientific and methodological activities in collaboration with foreign colleagues (participation in international conferences, " round tables " etc); selfeducation.Key word: lecturer, professional competence, intercultural competence, philologist, scientific seminars, international projects, international conferences.Неженець Е. В. Формування міжкультурної компетентності майбутніх філологів шляхом підвищення професійної компетентності викладача вищого навчального закладу / Дніпровський гуманітарний університет, Україна, Дніпро В статті розкривається необхідність підготовки викладачів до формування міжкультурної компетентності майбутніх філологів. На це є низка причин: по-перше, розвиток міжкультурної компетентності майбутніх філологів потребує вдосконалення педагогічних навичок викладачів та розвитку їх власних навичок міжкультурного спілкування; по-друге, оскільки вчителі вищої школи вільні вибирати освітні технології, форми, методи та засоби навчання студентів, їм слід надавати відповідні методологічні знання для підготовки студентів з високим рівнем міжкультурної компетентності.Стаття описує форми та способи вдосконалення професійної компетентності викладачів, які необхідні для формування міжкультурної компетентності майбутніх філологів. Найкращі шляхи підвищення професійної компетентності викладачів це: участь у наукових семінарах, участь у міжнародних проектах, вивчення передового педагогічного досвіду, пов'язаного з формуванням міжкультурної компетентності, науково-методична діяльність у співпраці з іноземними колегами (участь у міжнародних конференціях, "круглий" таблиці "тощо); самоосвітаКлючові слова: викладач, професійна компетентність, міжкультурна компетентність, філолог, наукові семінари, міжнародні проекти, міжнародні конференції.
KARAR VERME YÖNTEMLERİ VE ASKERÎ MUHAREBE FONKSİYONLARI ALANLARINA YÖNELİK UYGULAMALARI
Authors: APLAK Hakan Soner 
Published: May 2018

ÖZ

Karar ortamı;
belirlilik, belirsizlik ve çeşitli seviyelerde risk durumları içeren
ortamlardan oluşabilir. Karar süreci ise, çevresel faktörlerin bütüncül bir
bakış açısı ile değerlendirilmesi, problemlerin tanımlanması, çözüm olması
muhtemel alternatiflerin belirlenmesi, sistematik bir değerlendirme yapılması
ve aralarından en uygun kararın tespit edilmesi sürecidir. Sürecin etkin ve
doğru yönetimi, organizasyonların hedefleri açısından önem teşkil etmektedir.
Günümüzde milli güvenliğinin sağlanmasında; silahlı kuvvetlerin etkin
kullanımına yönelik harekâtın incelenmesi, problemlerin tanımlanması, askerî
gücün analiz edilmesi, sistem ve analitik yöntemlerin kullanılarak optimal
harekât tarzlarının bulunması giderek önem kazanmaktadır.

Bu çalışma ile askerî
muharebe fonksiyon alanındaki problemlerin çözümünde karar sürecinin nasıl
işletilebileceği ve hangi analitik yöntemlerin kullanılabileceği gösterilmeye
çalışılmıştır. Öncelikle, genel olarak karar ortamı, kararı etkileyecek
faktörler ve karar süreci anlatılmaktadır. Müteakiben, muharebe fonksiyon
alanlarına göre muhtemel problem alanlarından bahsedilmektedir. Daha sonra, söz
konusu problemlerin çözümünde kullanılabilecek analitik yöntemler ve
uygulamaları anlatılmaktadır.&nbsp;
Energy consumption of mobile data transfer – Increasing or decreasing? Evaluating the impact of technology development & user behavior
Authors: Pihkola Hanna , Hongisto Mikko , Apilo Olli , Lasanen Mika , Vatanen Saija 
Published: May 2018

Mobile data consumption in Finland is among the highest in the world. Increase in mobile data usage has been rapid and continuous growth is foreseen. While the energy consumed per transmitted gigabyte has substantially decreased, it seems that the absolute annual energy consumption related to mobile operators’ activities has started to increase. Simultaneously, consumer behavior is changing. While new end-user devices are more and more energy-efficient, we use more and more time with mobile devices. Is increasing usage outweighing achieved energy savings? What kinds of options are available for tackling increasing energy demand?This paper discusses current and future trends related to energy consumption of mobile data transfer and mobile networks in Finland. Using a top-down approach and publicly available data, an illustrative trend (kWh/gigabyte) for the energy consumption of transmitted mobile data was constructed for the years 2010-2016. In addition, energy consumption related to mobile data transfer is discussed from a life cycle perspective, considering both direct and indirect energy use and challenges in conducting such assessments. Contributions of relevant technological and social developments (radio network technology transformations from 4G to 5G and consumer behavior) are analyzed considering possible trade-offs and pointing out aspects that require future studies.