bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic Challenges in Hematological Malignancies in Nigeria and their Impact on Treatment Outcome
Authors: Obu Sylvia Ifeoma , Dibigbo–Ibeaji Ndudi , Obu Gabriel Obisike , Ilikannu Samuel Okwuchukwu 
Published: November 2024

Haematological magnificence constitutes a major public health disease burden globally due to the degree of mortality and morbidity they cause.
Aim: This review was aimed at exploring and reporting some of the difficulties that hinder early/accurate diagnosis and management of haematological malignancies in Nigeria emphasizing a single centre experience and to further highlight how they affect treatment outcome.
Methodology: Google scholar, Pubmed and African Journals online sites were explored in July 2024. Relevant articles were selected. The most senior consultant haematologist in the single centre in South South Nigeria being studied was interviewed and account was documented.
Results: The difficulties encountered in the prompt/proper diagnosis and management of haematological malignancies reported by the studies and the clinician interviewed include, visiting orthopaedic and other specialists as well as herbalists and spiritualists for several months before reporting to the haematology clinic, mis – and/or missed diagnosis due to inadequate diagnostic equipment and techniques like use of morphological studies alone for Rowmanawsky stained blood picture examination and histological diagnosis without cytogenetics, immunophenotyping, polymerase chain reaction fluorescent insitu hybridization, poverty, cultural and religious beliefs. Poor treatment outcome as a result of these challenges were also reported.
Conclusion: Enlightenment campaigns on the benefits of early diagnosis and prompt presentation to the hospital should be encouraged. Provision of up-to-date advanced technologies for early/accurate diagnosis and sub classification of haematologiacl malignancies should be made in main health facilities across the country. Diagnosis and treatment of haematological malignancies should be built into the National Health Insurance scheme to strengthen the system in this regard.
Processing and Evaluation of Paneer from Coconut Milk and Cow Milk Blends
Authors: K.P. Sivakumar, , B.Nallakurumban  , A.Vijayakumar  , A.Kalaiselvan  , T.Balaji  
Published: November 2024

Paneer is an Indian traditional milk product which occupies an important place as a base product for the production of various culinary preparations. Paneer is a nutritious and wholesome food. It provides one of the methods of conserving, preserving and prolonging shelf life of milk solids in a highly concentrated form.For coagulation of milk 1% of lime juice, which contains citric acid. The shelf life of the developed product during room temperature (3 days) and refrigerated condition. The present study was under taken with different levels (90:10, 80:20, 70:30) of cow milk and coconut milk. Chemical quality (moisture, fat, protein, and yield) and microbial quality (TPC, yeast and mould, coliform) were also analyzed. The coconut paneer with 90:10 ratio of cow milk and coconut milk was found to be best among others. Thus as far as product acceptability judged by organoleptic evaluation the treatment can be rated as P0 > P1> P2> P3. The fresh cow milk paneer (P0) chemical constituents were 50.78 g of moisture, 0.22% of acidity, 5.3 of pH, 20.39 g of protein, 22.8 g of fat, 0 g of fibre, 198 mg /100 g of calcium, 2.2 mg /100 g of iron respectively. The coconut paneer prepared by 10% coconut milk blending with 90% cow milk, the P1 sample chemical constituents were 52.05 g of moisture, 0.20% of acidity, 5.6 of pH, 20.55 g of protein, 23.75 g of fat, 0 g of fibre, 192mg /100 g of calcium, 3.12 mg of iron respectively. The overall acceptability score was observed as highly acceptable with score point of 8.4±0.70in P1 when compared to control P0 was 8.1±0.73. The unit cost production of 100 g of the functional coconut paneer was Rs.25/100gwhereas control was Rs.22/100 g of packets respectively.
Omega Fatty Acids and Its Role in Amelioration of Canine Dermatological Disorders
Authors: Kar Payel , Rajesh J B , Behera S. K. , Konwar Bedanga , Samanta A. K. , Prasad H. , Sarma Kalyan , Tolenkhomba T C 
Published: November 2024

Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids (FA) are crucial dietary components for dogs, playing a vital role in maintaining healthy skin. Omega-3 FA possess anti-inflammatory properties, potentially aiding in managing conditions like allergies and atopic dermatitis that cause itching and irritation. Omega-6 FA contribute to healthy skin barrier function, protecting against environmental allergens and pathogens. However, excessive omega-6 intake can promote inflammation. An optimal ratio of omega-3 to omega-6 fatty acids in a dog's diet is essential. Omega-3s are found in fatty fish (salmon, mackerel) and fish oil, while omega-6s are abundant in vegetable oils (sunflower, soybean). If homemade foods are not properly balanced, they may easily be deficient in many essential nutrients. Various skin problems like alopecia, scaly skin, dry, pruritic and skin infections can result from this. Proper dietary management with balanced omega-3 and omega-6 intake can significantly benefit dogs suffering from skin conditions. A well-balanced diet is essential for maintaining the health of the skin.
Assessment of beam‐matched linacs quality/accuracy for interchanging SBRT or SRT patient using VMAT without replanning
Authors: Xu Zhengzheng , Warrell Gregory , Lee Soyoung , Colussi Valdir , Zheng Yiran , Ellis Rodney , Machtay Mitchell , Podder Tarun 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPurposeDosimetric accuracy is critical when switching a patient treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) or stereotactic fractionated radiotherapy (SRT) among beam‐matched linacs. In this study, the dose delivery accuracy of volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans for SBRT/SRT patients were evaluated on three beam‐matched linacs.MethodBeam data measurements such as percentage depth dose (PDD10), beam profiles, output factors, and multi‐leaf collimator (MLC) leaf transmission factor for 6 MV photon beam were performed on three beam‐matched linacs. The Edge™ diode detector was used for measurements of beams of field size less than 5 × 5 cm2. Ten lung and 15 brain plans were generated using VMAT with the same beam model. Modulation complexity score of the VMAT plan (MCSv) was used as a plan complexity indicator. Doses were measured using ArcCHECK™ and GafChromic™ EBT3 films. The measurements were compared with calculated doses through absolute dose gamma comparison using 3%/2 mm and 2%/2 mm criteria. Correlation between difference in passing rates among beam‐matched linacs and MCSv was evaluated using the Pearson coefficient. Point doses were measured with the A1SL micro ion chamber.ResultsDifference in beam outputs, beam profiles, and MLC leaf transmission factors of beam‐matched linacs were all within ±1%, except the difference in output factor for 1 × 1 cm2 field between linac 1 and 3 (1.3%). For all 25 cases, passing rates of measured doses on three linacs were all higher than 90% when using 2%/2 mm gamma criteria. The average difference in point dose measurements among three beam‐matched linacs was 0.1 ± 0.2% (P > 0.05, one‐way ANOVA).ConclusionMinimal differences in beam parameters, point doses, and passing rates among three linacs proved the viability of swapping SBRT/SRT using VMAT among beam‐matched linacs. The effect of plan complexity on passing rate difference among beam‐matched linacs is not statistically significant.
Structure‐Guided Engineering of Cytotoxic Cabazitaxel for an Adaptive Nanoparticle Formulation: Enhancing the Drug Safety and Therapeutic Efficacy
Authors: Wan Jianqin , Qiao Yiting , Chen Xiaona , Wu Jiaping , Zhou Liqian , Zhang Jun , Fang Shijiang , Wang Hangxiang 
Published: November 2018

AbstractDevelopment of a sophisticated nanotherapeutic platform to deliver potent agents effectively and safely to desired tumor sites remains challenging. Cabazitaxel (CTX) holds particular interest for clinical use because of its ability to overcome the drug resistance caused by other taxane drugs. However, investigations of this potent agent have been met with only limited success due to its high toxicity in patients, and thus the exploration of CTX as a safe chemotherapeutic remains a tremendous challenge. Here, it is reported that CTX can be structurally tailored to make it more compatible with a polymeric platform through chemical derivatization with oligolactide (oLA). Covalent conjugation of CTX to oLAs yields new entities that are sufficiently miscible with exogenous polymer matrices to form injectable nanomedicines (termed o(LA)n‐CTX‐NPs). Utilizing these o(LA)n‐CTX‐NPs, the remarkable increases in tumor accumulation and amelioration of drug toxicity in animals are demonstrated. In a xenograft model of lung cancer, administration of o(LA)18‐CTX‐NPs enhances the antitumor efficacy relative to administration of free CTX. Overall, the data show that precision editing of drug chemical structures can be harnessed to generate better tolerated and more efficient nanomedicines. This approach might be a complementary strategy to simultaneously augment the safety and potency of other anticancer agents.
Dipole‐Switchable Poly(para‐phenyleneethynylene)s: Ferroelectric Conjugated Polymers
Authors: Kushida Soh , Smarsly Emanuel , Bojanowski N. Maximilian , Wacker Irene , Schröder Rasmus R. , Oki Osamu , Yamamoto Yohei , Melzer Christian , Bunz Uwe H. F. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractDipolar 2,3‐difluorobenzene units are introduced into the backbone of a poly(para‐phenyleneethynylene) (PPE) to generate a ferroelectric conjugated polymer. The structural features of the partially fluorinated PPE allow for the generation of a remanent polarization in the solid state; the difluorinated benzene rings behave as molecular rotors at high temperature, while at room temperature, stacking of such rings clamps down the ring orientation. The molecular dipoles can still be oriented by moderate external electrical fields at room temperature, and this PPE is then ferroelectric. The concept should be transferable to other poly(aryleneethynylene)s, and novel conjugated ferroelectric conjugated polymers will be accessible using this concept.
Hydrogenation of CO2 to Formate with H2: Transition Metal Free Catalyst Based on a Lewis Pair
Authors: Zhao Tianxiang , Hu Xingbang , Wu Youting , Zhang Zhibing 
Published: November 2018

AbstractHydrogenation of CO2 to formate with H2 in the absence of transition metal is a long‐standing challenge in catalysis. The reactions between tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane (BCF) and K2CO3 (or KHCO3) are found to form a Lewis pair (K2[(BCF)2−CO3]) which can react with both H2 and CO2 to produce formate. Based on these stoichiometric reactions, the first catalytic hydrogenation process of CO2 to formate using transition metal free catalyst (BCF/M2CO3, M=Na, K, and Cs) is reported. The highest TON value of this catalytic process is up to 3941. Further research revealed the reaction mechanism in which the Lewis pair enables the splitting of H2 and the insertion of CO2 into the B−H bond.
Different Silver Nanoparticles in One Crystal: Ag210(iPrPhS)71(Ph3P)5Cl and Ag211(iPrPhS)71(Ph3P)6Cl
Authors: Liu Jun‐Yan , Alkan Fahri , Wang Zhi , Zhang Zhen‐Yi , Kurmoo Mohamedally , Yan Zier , Zhao Quan‐Qin , Aikens Christine M. , Tung Chen‐Ho , Sun Di 
Published: November 2018

AbstractTwo pure silver nanoparticles (Ag210(iPrPhS)71(Ph3P)5Cl and Ag211(iPrPhS)71(Ph3P)6Cl labeled as SD/Ag210 and SD/Ag211 (SD=SunDi), were found to co‐crystallize in forming compound 1. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction (SCXRD) revealed that they differ by only one Ag(PPh3). Their four‐shell nanoparticles consist of three pure Ag metal shells (Ag19@Ag52@Ag45) shielded by a silver‐organic Ag89(iPrPhS)71Cl[Ag(Ph3P)]n outermost shell. The number (n) of Ag(Ph3P) is five for SD/Ag210 and six for SD/Ag211. The pseudo‐fivefold symmetric Ag nanoparticles exhibit surface plasmon absorption similar to a true metallic state but at the nanoscale. This work exemplifies the important effects of phosphine in stabilizing large silver nanoparticles; and offers a platform to investigate the origin of differences in nanoscale metal materials, even differing by only one metal atom; it also sheds light on the regioselective binding of auxiliary Ph3P on the surface of silver nanoparticles.
Nickel Metal–Organic Framework Monolayers for Photoreduction of Diluted CO2: Metal‐Node‐Dependent Activity and Selectivity
Authors: Han Bin , Ou Xinwen , Deng Ziqi , Song Yao , Tian Chen , Deng Hong , Xu Yi‐Jun , Lin Zhang 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPhotocatalytic conversion of diluted CO2 into solar fuel is highly appealing yet still in its infancy. Herein, we demonstrate the metal‐node‐dependent performance for photoreduction of diluted CO2 by constructing Ni metal–organic framework (MOF) monolayers (Ni MOLs). In diluted CO2 (10 %), Ni MOLs exhibit a highest apparent quantum yield of 1.96 % with a CO selectivity of 96.8 %, which not only exceeds reported systems in diluted CO2 but also is superior to most catalysts in pure CO2. Whereas isostructural Co MOLs is almost inactive in diluted CO2, indicating the performance is dependent on the metal nodes. Experimental and theoretical investigations show that strong CO2 binding affinity of Ni MOLs is the crucial factor, which stabilizes the Ni‐CO2 adducts and facilitates CO2‐to‐CO conversion.
Ynamide‐Mediated Thiopeptide Synthesis
Authors: Yang Jinhua , Wang Changliu , Xu Silin , Zhao Junfeng 
Published: November 2018

AbstractExploration of the full potential of thioamide substitution as a tool in the chemical biology of peptides and proteins has been hampered by insufficient synthetic strategies for the site‐specific introduction of a thioamide bond into a peptide backbone. A novel ynamide‐mediated two‐step strategy for thiopeptide bond formation with readily available monothiocarboxylic acids as thioacyl donors is described. The α‐thioacyloxyenamide intermediates formed from the ynamides and monothiocarboxylic acids can be purified, characterized, and stored. The balance between their activity and stability enables them to act as effective thioacylating reagents to afford thiopeptide bonds under mild reaction conditions. Amino acid functional groups such as OH, CONH2, and indole NH groups need not be protected during thiopeptide synthesis. The modular nature of this strategy enables the site‐specific incorporation of a thioamide bond into peptide backbones in both solution and the solid phase.
Common dolphins in the Gulf of Corinth are Critically Endangered
Authors: Santostasi Nina Luisa , Bonizzoni Silvia , Gimenez Olivier , Eddy Lavinia , Bearzi Giovanni 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Regional populations (“subpopulations”) of globally abundant species can be exposed to human impacts that threaten their viability. Given the value of cetacean subpopulations as evolutionary significant units, keystone and umbrella species, it is important to assess their conservation status separately and propose area‐specific conservation measures.
We used a threat assessment process and applied IUCN Red List criteria to a regional population of common dolphins Delphinus delphis in the semi‐enclosed Gulf of Corinth, Greece. We compiled subpopulation‐specific information about abundance and trends, estimated the geographic range of the subpopulation (area of occupancy and extent of occurrence), and calculated the probability of extinction through stochastic modelling.
The subpopulation qualified as Endangered according to criteria A (population size reduction over three generations) and B (geographic range), and as Critically Endangered under criteria C (population size and decline) and D (very small or restricted population). The probability of extinction was estimated to be ≥50% in three generations, qualifying the subpopulation as Critically Endangered under criterion E (quantitative analysis). We concluded that the subpopulation should be classified as Critically Endangered.
Considering the high extinction risk faced by common dolphins in the Gulf of Corinth, we recommend that: (a) immediate action is taken to mitigate anthropogenic activities known or suspected to have a negative impact on cetaceans in the area (particularly commercial fishing); and (b) a marine protected area is established in the Gulf of Corinth as a management tool for enforcing conservation action and facilitating the recovery of common dolphins.
Anatomy Teaching, a “Model” Answer? Evaluating “Geoff”, a Painted Anatomical Horse, as a Tool for Enhancing Topographical Anatomy Learning
Authors: Bietzk Edward , Weller Renate , Simons Victoria , Channon Sarah B. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractDevelopment of new methods for anatomy teaching is increasingly important as we look to modernize and supplement traditional teaching methods. In this study, a life‐sized equine model, “Geoff,” was painted with surface and deep anatomical structures with the aim of improving students’ ability to convert theoretical knowledge into improved topographical anatomy knowledge on the live horse. Third and fourth year veterinary medicine students (n = 45) were randomly allocated into experimental (used “Geoff”) and control (used textbook) groups. The efficacy of the model was evaluated through a structured oral exam using a live horse. Questionnaires gathered information on student confidence and enjoyment of the task. There was no significant difference in the performance of experimental and control groups either immediately (44±20% vs. 40±21%; P = 0.504) or 9 weeks after the learning intervention (55±17% vs. 55±20%; P = 0.980). There were however specific questions on which the experimental group performed better than controls, and for which gender effects were apparent. The students using “Geoff” showed a transient gain in confidence following the session (Likert scale 2.7 to 3.6) however the initial increase was no longer present at the second test. There was a significant influence of gender on confidence with greater confidence gains in females in the Experimental group. The students found the model to be extremely useful and both groups found the sessions enjoyable. The model will be of benefit as a complementary learning tool for students.
Radical Addition/Cyclization Reaction of 2‐Vinylanilines with Alkynes: Synthesis of Naphthalenes via Electron Catalysis
Authors: Cao Xia , Cai Bao‐Gui , Xu Guo‐Yong , Xuan Jun 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA cascade radical addition/cyclization reaction of 2‐vinylanilines with alkynes for the synthesis of biologically important naphthalene derivatives is reported. In this transformation, the in‐situ‐formed diazonium salts from 2‐vinylanilines served as efficient aryl radical precursors and the reaction was run under metal‐free conditions.
Tunable luminescent properties of BaGd2O4:Eu3+ scintillating phosphors by Pr3+‐codoping
Authors: Sun Xin‐Yuan , Zhu Shou‐Bao , Xiao Fen , Zhou Shen‐Lin , Li Lu‐Nong 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBaGd2O4:Eu3+ scintillating phosphors by Pr3+‐codoping were synthesized at 1300°C in air using a solid‐state reaction method. The as‐synthesized phosphors were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), photoluminescence (PL) including excitation and emission spectra, radioluminescence (RL) spectra excited by X‐ray and thermoluminescence (TL) spectra. Both the PL and RL spectra are composed of the featured trivalent europium (Eu3+) without any praseodymium (Pr3+) ions, and the PL and RL intensities as well as the lifetimes of BaGd2O4:Eu3+ scintillating phosphors decrease dramatically with an increasing concentration of Pr3+ ions. Finally, the TL spectra reveal the trap concentration of the existing defects decrease with an increasing concentration of Pr3+ ions, while the relative TL intensity ratio of the high temperature band to the low temperature one increases with an increasing concentration of Pr3+ ions, which results in the afterglow suppression of BaGd2O4:Eu3+ scintillating phosphors.
An ultra scale‐down method to investigate monoclonal antibody processing during tangential flow filtration using ultrafiltration membranes
Authors: Fernandez‐Cerezo Lara , Rayat Andrea C. M. E. , Chatel Alex , Pollard Jennifer M. , Lye Gary J. , Hoare Michael 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe availability of material for experimental studies is a key constraint in the development of full‐scale bioprocesses. This is especially true for the later stages in a bioprocess sequence such as purification and formulation, where the product is at a relatively high concentration and traditional scale‐down models can require significant volumes. Using a combination of critical flow regime analysis, bioprocess modelling, and experimentation, ultra scale‐down (USD) methods can yield bioprocess information using only millilitre quantities before embarking on highly demanding full‐scale studies. In this study the performance of a pilot‐scale tangential flow filtration (TFF) system based on a membrane flat‐sheet cassette using pumped flow was predicted by devising an USD device comprising a stirred cell using a rotating disc. The USD device operates with just 2.1 cm2of membrane area and, for example, just 1.7 mL of feed for diafiltration studies. The novel features of the design involve optimisation of the disc location and the membrane configuration to yield an approximately uniform shear rate. This is characterised using computational fluid dynamics for a defined layer above the membrane surface. A pilot‐scale TFF device operating at ~500‐fold larger feed volume and membrane area was characterised in terms of the shear rate derived from flow rate‐pressure drop relationships for the cassette. Good agreement was achieved between the USD and TFF devices for the flux and resistance values at equivalent average shear rates for a monoclonal antibody diafiltration stage.
Leading corporate sustainability: The role of top management team composition for triple bottom line performance
Authors: Henry Leona Aimée , Buyl Tine , Jansen Rob J.G. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSustainable development at the corporate level requires balancing social, environmental, and financial performance goals. Achieving such “triple bottom line” (TBL) performance is a very challenging task. In this study, we explore the role the organization's top management team (TMT) plays in leading their organization towards corporate sustainability. We focus on how two distinct aspects of the TMT's structural composition—the presence of a “chief sustainability officer” (CSO) and the TMT's functional diversity—affect the organization's ability to reach high levels of TBL performance. We follow the presence of 22 global energy companies in Corporate Knight's “Global 100” sustainability index for a period of 11 years and find that, surprisingly, the presence of a CSO does not boost TBL performance. However, we do find a positive effect for TMT functional diversity, suggesting that more diverse TMTs are better able to lead their organization to higher levels of TBL performance.