bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of cross inoculation of Rhizobium tropici with other potential soil microbes on their ability to support the growth of Soybean
Authors: Lekatompessy S , Nurjanah L , Sukiman H 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Rhizobia bacteria have been well known as nitrogen-fixing bacteria which could promote the growth of soybean plants. The bacteria could establish a symbiosis living with crops and trees legume. The successful symbiosis living is normally identified by the specific compatibilities between the bacteria and host plants. However, there is a chance that the bacteria which was isolated from trees legumes could also infect and be compatible in developing the symbiosis living with crops plant such as soybean. This study aims to confirm that Rhizobium bacteria isolated from tree legume, Acacia mangium, could successfully develop the symbiosis living with soybean. In addition, this research also studies the possibility of Rhizobium bacteria in working with other potential soil microbes such as mycorrhizae and others potential microbes on supporting the growth of soybean. Green house experiment showed that Rhizobium tropici combined with other potential soil microbes could significantly support the growth of soybean. This is shown with the increase of upper plant biomass. A number of pods although the data of visible soybean seed did not make significant different. This research finally opens the possibility of using biodiversity of nitrogen-fixing microbes to be packed as an update quality biofertilizer for soybean.
Potency of nitrogen fixing bacteria isolated from POME disposal pond and their effect on the growth of Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L) Sw
Authors: Widawati S , Suliasih  
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Nitrogen fixing bacteria (NFB) play an important role to promote plant growth through nitrogen fixation and IAA hormone production. The objective of this research was to obtain the functional bacteria (nitrogen fixing bacteria) isolated from POME disposal pond that show the ability in nitrogen fixation and the potential as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), as well as to investigate the potential of these bacteria through in vitro and in vivo growth of Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L) Sw, and its effect on bacterial populations in media contaminated by POME. In vitro plant growth promoting activity characterization included N-fixing activity, Indole Acetic Acid production, and C. pulcherrima germination (inoculant + POME). In vivo plant growth promoting activity used sterile sand inoculated with NFB and watered with POME, whereas the control was not inoculated and watered with aquadest. Five strains were found as potential PGPR, namely Azotobacter sp., Azospirillum sp1-3., and Rhizobium sp. In addition, Azospirillum sp.1 is the best PGPR that produced highest seed vigour index (SVI), seed germination in vitro, and seed germination in vivo respectively. Azospirillum sp. 1 and Rhizobium sp. have the ability to promote growth of C. pulcherrima in vitro and in vivo with bacterial populations as much as 107cfu mL−1 in POME contaminated media. The bacteria and C. pulcherrima are potential for reclaiming infertile soil.
Ecological and physiological characterization of ACC deaminase-producing bacteria isolated from specific sites in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Simarmata R , Salamah U , Ngadiman  , Rohman S , Simanjuntak P 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The decrease of plant growth and productivity may be due to environmental stresses that induce excessive ethylene synthesis. ACC (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate) deaminase-producing bacteria are known to decrease plant ethylene levels by converting the ethylene precursor, ACC to ammonia and α-ketobutyrate. This study was aimed to understanding ecological and physiological characters of ACC deaminase-producing bacteria. The bacterial strains used were Sphingobacterium multivorum BK1, Bacillus mycoides CB2, Pantoea dispersa CK4, Pantoea agglomerans KD6.2, Enterobacter ludwigii KW3, Bacillus aryabhattai TW7, Pseudomonas monteilii KS12, Pseudomonas putida KS16.2, Pseudomonas putida PIR 3C, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia PIR5, Lysinibacillus pakistanensis PIC5, Bacillus aryabhattai PIC11, and Roultella terrigena PCM8. It was observed that all bacterial strains demonstrated optimal growth at pH 6-8, temperature 25–30°C, and oxygen requirement of aerobic to facultative anaerobic. All of strains have Phosphate Solubilizing Index between 1,1–3,04 and IAA (Indole-3-Acetic Acid) production level between 0,11-10,33 ppm.hour-1. In terms of antagonistic properties, all bacterial strains were found incapable of inhibiting Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and Ralstonia solanacearum growth. All bacterial strains were capable of using glucose, sucrose, cellulose and mannitol as the source of carbon and energy. In addition, all bacterial strains also demonstrated Cr6+ tolerance ofs 100–300 mg.L-1.
Sengon (Falcataria moluccana) prevention from gall rust through seed irradiation: field test in endemic location
Authors: Yulianti  , Putri K P , Nugraheni Y M M A , Danu  
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The gall rust disease is the diseases of sengon plant (Falcataria moluccana), that it caused by Uromycladium spp. which can cause the decreased productivity. However, at this time not yet retrieved the right techniques to reduce attacks of gall rust disease on sengon plant. Efforts to control gall rust disease at the level of seeds can be through by seed irradiation technique. Irradiation techniques on seeds can be used to increase productivity through increased vigour and seed quality. The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of gamma rays irradiation techniques on sengon seeds its shown by the growth and percentage of damage caused gall rust at sengon plantation at Pandantoyo Sub Forest District (RPH), Pare Forest District (BKPH), Kediri Forest Management Unit (KPH), East Java. The research design used a randomized block design consisting of 3 blocks. Each block consists of 10 treatments based on irradiated doses (0, 5, 10, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 and 105 Gy) and each treatment consist of 20 plants. The parameters observed were percentage of attacked plants that divided into four level of damage: healthy (0%); low (≤ 10%), moderate (≥ 11%-45%) and severe (≥ 46%) and growth of diameter and height. Generally, the health conditions of sengon plantation were affected by gall rust. At 18-months-old, the gamma rays irradiation at 75 Gy was the largest percentage of healthy plants (42.5%) and better than control (24 %). At 25-months-old, the plants derived from seeds that were not irradiated (control) was the largest percentage of plants with severe damage. Gamma rays irradiation does not affect the growth of diameter and height. The highest percentage of healthy plants were at 1st block but the fastest growth of plant diameter was 2nd block.
Development of UAV technology in seed dropping for aerial revegetation practices in Indonesia
Authors: Andrio A 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) applications or known as quadcopter drones have been considerably growing since the 20th century through now. In this project, we introduce the use of drone to support the revegetation practices. The project aims to develop a quadcopter drone that is capable of dispersing Tamarindus indica seeds in revegetation fields with potential for revegetation. T. indica is tree species that commonly used for revegetation in Indonesia. This work includes following steps. First, a drone takes an aerial photo of the demonstration plots to highlight existing vegetation and obstruction. The result is the information that is used to develop the best seed dropping and planting pattern. The map then is uploaded into the drone. Second step is developing mechanized canisters containing a germinated seed. The seeds then released from canisters installed in drone and break open upon impact with the soil to allow the germinated seeds to take root in the predetermined positions. The proposed drone assisted seed dropping system will provide an essential tool for an efficient revegetation. Due to the effectiveness, this system is also suitable for revegetation in ecosystem where germination has not occurred or for planting in areas with difficult access.
Soil characteristics of rattan agroforests in Katingan district, Central Kalimantan
Authors: Tata H L 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Rattan agroforest is a swidden cultivation systems, which apply slash-burning and fallow rotation in its development. This system is commonly practised by local farmers of Dayak in Central Kalimantan. The objective of the study was to assess soil characteristics of 5 land use types, namely forest, secondary forest (baliang), young rattan agroforest (bahu), complex ruber-rattan agroforest (CRR), and simple rubber agroforest (SR) in two villages in Katingan. The method used in the study was regular methods of soil analysis, such as pH (H2O &KCl), Corganic(Walkley & Black), Pavailable (Bray), Ntotal (Kjeldahl), and soil texture. The result showed that in the top layer (0-10 cm depth), forest has the highest C/N ratio, but the lowest ratio of Corg/Cref compare to others. Forest has the lowest Pcontent (4.02 ppm), while SR has the highest Pcontent (12.06 ppm). CRR and SR tends to have higher clay content than sand content. In general, farming systems determine characteristics of the soils. Forest conserves soil characteristics, while management that applied by farmers in the agroforestry system may improve soil fertility.
Natural revegetation of tailing deposited on agricultural area in Buru, Maluku
Authors: Hindersah R , Kalay A M , Komarya A , Kamaluddin N N 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Tailing deposited on rice field in Burn District Indonesia poses a severe environment problem since rice does not grow on tailing with low fertility. The aim of this study was to verify the natural vegetation grown naturally on mercury contaminated tailing which covered the top soil of rice field, as well as the development of legume tree, Trembesi, Rain Tree (Albizia saman F. Muell) grown in purpose between the pioneer plants. Plant succession observations were carried out for 2,5 years on 524 m2 of rice fields. As presumed, the succession was similar to the general pattern of primary revegetation. The study area increased diversity of weed as primary vegetation which influenced the better growth of Trembesi. A total of 17 natural plants were recorded as pioneer weed as well as late colonizer. Weed grazing by livestock, mainly cow, promoted the diversity of plants due to their role as seed dispersal agents.
Evaluation of mangrove stand planted for rehabilitation using guludan technique in coastal area of Angke Kapuk, Jakarta
Authors: Ashari R , Kusmana C , Kuncahyo B 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Guludan technique becomes an alternative for mangrove rehabilitation in the disused fishponds. This technique has been implemented since 2005 on the coast of Jakarta. The wider application of this technique requires several studies in advance to see growth of the mangrove in the already planted guludan. This study aims to measure the growth of mangroves planted by guludan techniques, identify environmental factors that affect their mangrove growth, and analyze their relationship. Measurements were performed on 40 guludan samples which planted by Rhizopora mucronata in 2010 - 2013. R. mucronata can grew in guludans with highest growth percentage in the 2013 group of 56.53%. The 2010 planting group showed highest average height, average diameter and basal average area of 4.59 m; 3.91 cm and; 28.87 m2/ha respectively. S. Caseolaris grew naturally in guludans and become competitor of R. mucronata in obtaining space to grow. The 2012 group was the highest in terms of S. caseolaris density, that is 15 individuals/guludan with average height, average diameter and basal area of 9.38 cm, 5.29 m, and 24.79 m2/ha, respectively. The growth of R. mucronatawas affected by nutrients (N, P, Ca), clay texture, and other soil factors (CEC and pH), whereas S. caseolaris was only affected by nutrients (N, P, and Ca).
Evaluation of the Environmental Factors Modulating Indole-3-acetic Acid (IAA) Production by Trichoderma harzianum InaCC F88
Authors: Napitupulu T P , Kanti A , Sudiana I M 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is one of the most common plant hormones that regulate many aspects of growth and development of plants. Trichoderma harzianum, a plant growth promoting fungus, has the ability to produce IAA. However, various environmental factors influence the formation of the hormone. The objective of this study was to optimize the environmental condition for the production of IAA by Trichoderma harzianum InaCC F88 strain. The effects of L-tryptophan concentration, temperature, pH, salinity, and incubation time on IAA production and biomass were studied. The in vitro evaluations were carried out in the axenic condition of Luria-Bertani Medium. Supplementation of 1% L-tryptophan in the medium gives maximum IAA production. The most favourable initial pH and temperature for IAA production are 6.0 and 27°C, respectively. In the salinity test, the medium containing 1% NaCl yielded maximum IAA formation. After 4 days of incubation, the concentration of IAA reached equilibrium. Hence, optimum IAA production in liquid fermentation could be achieved by manipulating those factors.
Morphological characterization of different provenances of Teak (Tectona grandis L.)
Authors: Prasetyawati C A , A’ida N 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Teak (Tectona grandis L.) is an important hardwood species in Indonesia. Morphological description of Indonesian teak remains inadequate. The purpose of this study was to determine the morphological traits of teak from the different provenances: Malabar, Java and Muna. The study was observed eight macroscopic morphology variables (anthocyanin color, intensity of anthocyanin color, leaf color, leaf size, edge of the leaf, base of blade, top surface texture of leaf, and veins color) and five microscopic morphology variables (adaxial epidermal density, abaxial stomatal density, abaxial stomatal size, trichomes density, and number of trichomes types). The leaf materials were collected from trees sample of each provenance. The Java and Muna provenance presented six similarities of macroscopic morphology of traits. The Malabar provenance materials were the least similar macroscopic morphology, with only one similar trait. Malabar provenance had the highest density of trichomes and stomata. The Malabar provenance had the lowest percentage of similarity coefficient among provenance.
Phenotypic performance of six interspecific carnation genotypes obtained from hybridization of Dianthus caryophyllus “Liberty” x Dianthus chinensis “SK 11-1”
Authors: Dewanti M , Rostini N , Karmana M H , Anas  
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Interspecific hybridization can be an effective strategy in ornamental plant breeding. Interspecific hybridization in the genus Dianthus is relatively easy to do. Therefore, the introduction of good character carriers from other Dianthus species into carnations will give prospect. The objective of this study was to produce new type interspecific carnation genotypes. The experiment was conducted at the Indonesian Ornamental Crops Research Institute experiment station in Cipanas – Cianjur, from November 2014 – July 2015. The experiment was conducted with an experimental method using randomized block design (RBD). The treatment consisted of six genotypes of interspecific carnation, female parent “Liberty” and male parent “SK 11-1” with four replications. The result showed that the flower color of the purplish red and red interspecific genotypes was different from the female parent yellow-flowered. The character of flower type, petal edges and leaf texture of the six progeny genotypes resemble male parent, while the flower shape character of the six interspecific carnation genotypes resemble female parent. Genotype D1 had a combination of the character of plant height, stem diameter and diameter of the appropriate flower as carnations of cut flowers, while genotype D5 had the character of plant height, the number of flowers blooming at one time, the diameter of the flower, the freshness of the flower suitable as garden carnations or pots.
Increasing resistance of chrysanthemum to white rust disease : the role of mutant genotypes and enzymes activities
Authors: Kurniasih D , Murdaningsih H K , Ruswandi D , Qosim W A 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Chrysanthemum is an ornamental crop with high economic value and consistently received hight demand attributed to its amazing beautifulness. However, white rust disease has drastically suppressed the growth and production of chrysanthemum. The purpose of this study was to obtain genetic and phenotypic diversity characters of peroxidase (pod), polyphenol oxidase (ppo), phenylalanine ammonia lyase (pal) and their resistant component of enzymes activity. The eksperiment was conducted using a randomized block design. The treatments consisted of 37 mutants and 11 genotypes chrysanthemum parents with two replications. Observations were made for pod, ppo and pal enzyme activities. Results showed pod, ppo, and pal enzyme activities had narrow genetic and phenotypic variabilities. Further, chrysanthemum mutant obtained enzyme activities is better than the best control, namely 18.30.068, 10.10.010, 1.30.038, 20.35.056, 18.20.112, 18.25.079, 9.35.162, 18.20.089 and 16.35.086 genotypes. Pod, ppo and pal enzymes activity are more resistant to higher than the susceptible genotype chrysanthemum white rust disease. The other finding is as revealed by negative correlation between disease intensity character and pod, ppo and pal enzymes activity, while disease incidence and the rate disease development characters did not correlate with the third enzymes activity characters.
Accelerated rate storage and viability test of Basidiomycetous fungal strains were cryopreserved at - 80° C
Authors: Ilyas M , Soeka Y S 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMaintaining and preserving microbes such as fungal cultures are essential elements in systematics and biodiversity studies, fundamental part in ex situ conservation and underpinning biotechnology. Majority of Basidiomycetous fungal strains and mushroom cultures in Indonesia are maintained and preserved by serial transfer. This short term active metabolism-based preservation was simple, but it can not be implemented for maintain and storage in the large numbers of fungal cultures due to time consuming and labour intensive. Recently, permanent long term and inactive metabolism-based preservation such as cryopreservation were introduced and implemented for resolved the problems. The objective of this study was to examine the effectiveness of cryopreservation at -80° C with 10% (v/v) glycerol and 5% (g/v) trehalose as cryoprotectant into the 50 strains of the Basidiomycetous fungi from Indonesian Culture Collection (InaCC). The Basidiomycetous fungal cultures were used consists of several taxa such as; Agaricus, Agrocybe, Auricularia, Coprinus, Ganoderma, Lentinula, Phanerochaete, Pleurotus and Trametes. The accelerated storage and viability tests were performed by thawed and revived the stored cultures after 2 weeks and 12 months storage at -80°C. The results showed there are no viability loss among the 50 strains were observed, however there is a distinct acclimatization time and growth rate between cultures were stored at -80°C for 48 hours and more than 3 years. Strains were stored for 48 hours at -80°C begin to grow after 3 days of incubation, whereas cultures were stored at -80°C for more than 3 years begin to grow optimally after 5 days of incubation. Nevertheless, significant differences in acclimatization time and growth rate in both storage periods were not seen in Ganoderma, Phanerochaete, Pleurotus, and Trametes cultures. In general, this long term inactive metabolism-based preservation method is effectively applied for maintain and keep the viability of Basidiomycetous fungal cultures in InaCC.
Pests and diseases on forest plant in burned peatlands in South Sumatra
Authors: Asmaliyah  , Hadi E E , Irianto R S B 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAt present most of the peatland in the OKI district, South Sumatra was damaged by forest fires. One way to restore the condition and function of peatlands as before is to rehabilitate by replanting suitable species on peatlands. One of the obstacles to the planting success on peatlands is the presence of pests and diseases. This study aims to determine pests and diseases of forest plants in several locations of burned peatlands in South Sumatra. The method used in this study was a survey method by direct observation of sample plants. Parameters observed were species of insect pests and pathogen, incidence and intensity of the attack. The results showed that several insect pests and diseases were found on burned peatland in Ogan Komering Ilir district, South Sumatra and identified asCycnotrachelussp.,Valanga nigricornis, bagworm,Daphnis hypothous, Macrophomasp.,Pestalotiopsissp., andCephaleurossp. The highest incidence of bagworm attacks was onShorea balangeranand categorized as very heavy damage. The highest intensity was occurred onDyera lowiithat were attacked byCephaleurossp. and was categorized as moderately heavy damage. Even though the pest and disease attacks brought no economic losses, they must be watched closely by continuous monitoring.
Mosses diversity from Lombok island, West Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Windadri F I 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Lombok is a part of the Lesser Sunda Islands located in the West Nusa Tenggara Province. The diversity of mosses reported by Touw in 1992. The mosses research at surrounding Rinjani National Park was be conducted. The result reported 72 species of mosses including 46 genera and 21 families. The higher of mosses diversity is Meteoriaceae. More than 27% of mosses at the site is suggested as new records from Lombok.
Local people awareness towards social forestry program: a case study of Ogan Komering Ulu District, South Sumatra Province, Indonesia
Authors: Lestari S , Premono B T , Winarno B 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Social forestry program is intended to improve people’s welfare and at the same time as an effort to conserve the forest. This paper examines the awareness of local communities toward social forestry programmes implemented by Ministry of Environment and Forestry of Republic Indonesia. This research was taken place in Bumi Kawa Village, Ogan Komering Ulu District. Survey, interview and focus group discussion methods were employed to collect the data. Descriptive qualitative method was used to analyze the data obtained during the research. Almost all of the people interviewed have a particularly favourable perception of the social forestry programmes implemented. Currently, the community has accessed the forest area and planted it with coffee. With the existence of social forestry program, community access to forests becomes a legal activity. The community can manage the land by implementing agroforestry system that is developing agricultural crops under forest trees. The type of tree that has been well known by the community is bambang lanang (Michelia champaca). This type of plant is suitable to grow in this region and has economic value. Based on the discussion, social forestry program is the best type of management for running the forests in this area. Communities were willing to further participate in tree planting activities. Moreover, women also had positive perception towards social forestry program although they were not fully involved in managing the forest. Some incentives were needed so that the local people will continue to participate in the long term environmental preservation.