bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated proteomic and metabolomic analysis of a reconstructed three-species microbial consortium for one-step fermentation of 2-keto-l-gulonic acid, the precursor of vitamin C
Authors: Ma Qian , Bi Yan-Hui , Wang En-Xu , Zhai Bing-Bing , Dong Xiu-Tao , Qiao Bin , Ding Ming-Zhu , Yuan Ying-Jin 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Microbial consortia, with the merits of strong stability, robustness, and multi-function, played critical roles in human health, bioenergy, and food manufacture, etc. On the basis of ‘build a consortium to understand it’, a novel microbial consortium consisted of Gluconobacter oxydans, Ketogulonicigenium vulgare and Bacillus endophyticus was reconstructed to produce 2-keto-l-gulonic acid (2-KGA), the precursor of vitamin C. With this synthetic consortium, 73.7 g/L 2-KGA was obtained within 30 h, which is comparable to the conventional industrial method. A combined time-series proteomic and metabolomic analysis of the fermentation process was conducted to further investigate the cell–cell interaction. The results suggested that the existence of B. endophyticus and G. oxydans together promoted the growth of K. vulgare by supplying additional nutrients, and promoted the 2-KGA production by supplying more substrate. Meanwhile, the growth of B. endophyticus and G. oxydans was compromised from the competition of the nutrients by K. vulgare, enabling the efficient production of 2-KGA. This study provides valuable guidance for further study of synthetic microbial consortia.
Impacts of soil conditions and light availability on natural regeneration of Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) H. Karst. in low-elevation mountain forests
Authors: Dyderski Marcin K. , Gazda Anna , Hachułka Mariusz , Horodecki Paweł , Kałucka Izabela L. , Kamczyc Jacek , Malicki Marek , Pielech Remigiusz , Smoczyk Michał , Skorupski Maciej , Wierzcholska Sylwia , Jagodziński Andrzej M. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract• Key messageNatural regeneration ofP. abies(L.) H. Karst. may reach high densities in lower mountain elevations. The highest densities were found in sites with moderate light availability, with low pH, and not near the riverbank. However, age-height classes differed in the predicted magnitude of response, but were consistent in response directions. Mosses and understory species typical of coniferous forests were positively correlated with regeneration density.•ContextNorway sprucePicea abies(L.) H. Karst. in Central Europe is at risk under climate change scenarios, particularly in mountain regions. Little is known about the impact of environmental factors on the natural regeneration ofP. abiesin low-elevation mountain forests.•AimsWe aimed to assess impacts of distance from the riverbank, soil pH, and light availability on naturalP. abiesregeneration. We hypothesized that (1) naturalP. abiesregeneration would depend on light availability and soil pH and (2) there are understory plant species which may indicate the microsites suitable for natural regeneration ofP. abies.•MethodsThe study was conducted in the Stołowe Mountains National Park (SW Poland, 600–800 m a.s.l.). We established 160 study plots (25 m2) for natural regeneration, light availability, soil pH, and understory vegetation assessment.•ResultsThe highest densities of natural regeneration ofP. abieswere observed in sites with moderate light availability (0.1–0.2 of open sky) and low pH (3.5–4.5), and located relatively far from the riverbank. Cover of 22 understory plant species were correlated with naturalP. abiesregeneration densities, mostly positively.•ConclusionDifferent stages of natural regeneration ofP. abiesrevealed different regeneration niches. Most understory plant species (bryophytes and herbs typical of coniferous forests) do not compete with natural regeneration ofP. abies.
On the Existence of Ionospheric Feedback Instability in the Earth's Magnetosphere‐Ionosphere System
Authors: Streltsov Anatoly V. , Mishin Evgeny V. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe ionospheric feedback instability (IFI) has been considered one of the main generation mechanisms for large‐amplitude ultralow frequency waves and small‐scale field‐aligned currents in the auroral and subauroral regions for more than 40 years. Sydorenko and Rankin (2017, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL073415) have recently challenged the very existence of the IFI for any realistic geophysical conditions in the Earth's ionosphere‐magnetosphere system. Because this conclusion contradicts numerous theoretical, numerical, and experimental works successfully used IFI to explain and predict results from observations for more than four decades, it deserves special attention. We show that this conclusion is mainly based on the specific ionospheric density profile and boundary conditions used in two runs of simulations presented in Sydorenko and Rankin (2017), and the generalization of this result is not justified. The effect of the collisions between ionospheric ions and neutrals on the development of the instability has been well studied since 1981, and these studies demonstrate that it does not prevent the development of the instability. Furthermore, excellent agreement of the theoretical and numerical results with observations verify without doubt the IFI existence and significance in the Earth's magnetosphere‐ionosphere system.
Stratospheric Aerosols, Polar Stratospheric Clouds, and Polar Ozone Depletion After the Mount Calbuco Eruption in 2015
Authors: Zhu Yunqian , Toon Owen Brian , Kinnison Douglas , Harvey V. Lynn , Mills Michael J. , Bardeen Charles G. , Pitts Michael , Bègue Nelson , Renard Jean‐Baptiste , Berthet Gwenaël , Jégou Fabrice 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWe investigate the impact of the 2015 Mount Calbuco eruption and previous eruptions on stratospheric aerosols, polar stratospheric clouds, and ozone depletion using the Community Earth System Model coupled with the Community Aerosol and Radiation Model for Atmospheres compared with several satellite and balloon observations. The modeled volcanic sulfate aerosol size distribution agrees with the Light Optical Aerosol Counter observation at the Reunion Island site (21°S, 55°E) on 19 August at 20 km within estimated 0.1‐ to 1‐μm radius error bars. Both the observed and simulated backscatter and extinction show that volcanic sulfate aerosol from the Mount Calbuco eruption was transported from midlatitude toward the Antarctic and slowly descended during transport. They also indicate that the SO2 emission into the stratosphere from Mount Calbuco is 0.2–0.4 Tg. The modeled number density indicates that the volcanic sulfate aerosol from the Mount Calbuco eruption penetrated into the Antarctic polar vortex in May and thereafter and reduced the polar stratospheric clouds effective radius. In the simulations, the Antarctic stratosphere denitrified too early and by too much compared with Microwave Limb Sounder observations. Heterogeneous nucleation of nitric acid trihydrate or sophisticated gravity wave representations may be required to simulate nitric acid trihydrate particles with smaller falling velocity. The volcanic sulfate aerosol increases the ozone depletion in September especially around 100 hPa and 70°S, relative to a case without any volcanic eruptions. The simulated surface area density, earlier ozone loss, and larger area of the ozone hole are consistent with the presence of volcanic sulfate layers observed at 16 km as well as previous studies.
Legacy of land use history determines reprogramming of plant physiology by soil microbiome
Authors: Li Xiaogang , Jousset Alexandre , de Boer Wietse , Carrión Víctor J , Zhang Taolin , Wang Xingxiang , Kuramae Eiko E 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Microorganisms associated with roots are thought to be part of the so-called extended plant phenotypes with roles in the acquisition of nutrients, production of growth hormones, and defense against diseases. Since the crops selectively enrich most rhizosphere microbes out of the bulk soil, we hypothesized that changes in the composition of bulk soil communities caused by agricultural management affect the extended plant phenotype. In the current study, we performed shotgun metagenome sequencing of the rhizosphere microbiome of the peanut (Arachis hypogaea) and metatranscriptome analysis of the roots of peanut plants grown in the soil with different management histories, peanut monocropping and crop rotation. We found that the past planting record had a significant effect on the assembly of the microbial community in the peanut rhizosphere, indicating a soil memory effect. Monocropping resulted in a reduction of the rhizosphere microbial diversity, an enrichment of several rare species, and a reduced representation of traits related to plant performance, such as nutrients metabolism and phytohormone biosynthesis. Furthermore, peanut plants in monocropped soil exhibited a significant reduction in growth coinciding with a down-regulation of genes related to hormone production, mainly auxin and cytokinin, and up-regulation of genes related to the abscisic acid, salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and ethylene pathways. These findings suggest that land use history affects crop rhizosphere microbiomes and plant physiology.
Cognitive and neuroanatomical impairments associated with chronic exposure to levamisole-contaminated cocaine
Authors: Vonmoos Matthias , Hirsiger Sarah , Preller Katrin H. , Hulka Lea M. , Allemann Daniel , Herdener Marcus , Baumgartner Markus R. , Quednow Boris B. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractCurrently, levamisole is the most common cocaine adulterant worldwide and it is known to induce a variety of adverse side effects. Animal studies and human case reports suggest potential neurotoxicity of the compound but neither neuroanatomical nor cognitive effects of levamisole have been systematically investigated in cocaine users so far. We examined cognitive performance and cortical structural differences between chronic cocaine users with low and high recent exposure to levamisole objectively determined by quantitative toxicological hair analyses. In Study 1, we compared 26 chronic cocaine users with low levamisole exposure (lowLevCU), 49 matched cocaine users with high levamisole exposure (highLevCU), and 78 matched stimulant-naive controls regarding cognitive functioning employing a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery. In Study 2, we investigated cortical thickness by use of T1-weighted MRI in a subgroup of 12 lowLevCU, 17 highLevCU, and 38 stimulant-naive controls. In Study 1, both cocaine user groups showed significant impairments in the cognitive domains of attention and working memory as well as in the global cognitive index. However, highLevCU showed significantly worse executive functions compared to lowLevCU although both groups did not differ in severity of cocaine consumption and other clinical dimensions. Study 2 revealed that highLevCU, displayed reduced cortical thickness specifically in the middle frontal gyrus compared to both controls and lowLevCU. Our results suggest that levamisole exposure during the last months in cocaine users is associated with increased executive function impairments and pronounced thinning of the lateral prefrontal cortex. Consequently, prevention and drug policy-making should aim to reduce levamisole contamination of street cocaine.
Extremely efficient PM2.5 estimator based on analysis of saliency and statistics
Authors: Zhang Huiqing , Peng Du , Chen Weiling , Xu Xin 
Published: October 2018

Air pollution is a crucial environmental problem, especially the fine particulate matter (PM2.5) which has become one of the focal points. PM2.5 is a complex pollutant which can intrude the lungs and threaten people's health during the whole lives. In order to enable people to know the PM2.5 index of their surroundings at any time, an image‐based PM2.5 predictor with saliency detection (IPPS) is proposed. The proposed predictor first obtains the non‐salient regions based on saliency detection technologies. Then, the authors extract two features of the entropy and intensity values of non‐salient image saturation map. Finally, they multiply these two features into the approximation of PM2.5 concentration. Experiments show that the proposed IPPS is superior in accuracy and efficiency.
Low‐temperature‐dependence CMOS linear driver with serial peripheral interface for 64‐Gbaud ultra‐low power coherent optical transmitters
Authors: Ozaki J. , Nakano S. , Jyo T. , Nagatani M. , Ogiso Y. , Kanazawa S. , Nosaka H. , Kikuchi N. 
Published: October 2018

The authors used 65‐nm CMOS technology to develop a linear four‐channel driver IC with low temperature dependence and ultra‐low power dissipation for 64‐Gbaud coherent optical transmitters. The driver showed more than a 48‐GHz 3‐dB electrical bandwidth and less than 1‐W power consumption in four‐channel operation. By employing a circuit that suppresses the temperature dependence, they achieved 3‐dB electrical bandwidth variation of 3.0 GHz and the gain variation of 1.5 dB under the −5 to 75°C and ±5% supply voltage variation conditions. The CMOS driver has all the necessary functions for a high‐bandwidth coherent driver modulator such as a gain control, peaking control, peak detection and temperature monitoring, all of which functions can be controlled by a serial peripheral interface. A fabricated sub‐assembly consisting of the CMOS driver and an InP modulator showed a 48‐GHz 3‐dB electro‐optic bandwidth.
Systematic Review of Pulmonary Function and Cognition in Aging
Authors: Duggan Emily Clare , Graham Raquel B , Piccinin Andrea M , Jenkins Natalie D , Clouston Sean , Muniz-Terrera Graciela , Hofer Scott M 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Background
Substantial research is dedicated to understanding the aging-related dynamics among individual differences in level, change, and variation across physical and cognitive abilities. Evaluating replicability and synthesizing findings has been limited by differences in measurements, samples, study design, and statistical analyses that confound between-person differences with within-person changes. Here, we systematically reviewed longitudinal results on the aging-related dynamics linking pulmonary function and cognitive performance.

Methods
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses guidelines were used to systematically review longitudinal studies of pulmonary function and cognition.

Results
Only four studies thoroughly investigating cognitive and pulmonary longitudinal associations (three or more measurement occasions) were identified. Expanded review criteria identified three studies reporting two measurement occasions, and seven studies reporting one measurement of pulmonary function or cognition and two or more measurements of the other. We identified numerous methodological quality and risk for bias issues across studies.

Conclusions
Despite documented correlational associations between pulmonary function and cognition, these results show there is very limited research thoroughly investigating their longitudinal associations. This highlights the need for longitudinal data, rigorous methodological design including key covariates, and clear communication of methods and analyses to facilitate replication across an array of samples. We recommend systematic study of outcome measures and covariates, inclusion of multiple measures (e.g., peak expiratory flow, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, and forced vital capacity), as well as application of the same analytic approach across multiple datasets.
Density Forecast Evaluations via a Simulation-Based Dynamic Probability Integral Transformation*
Authors: Yun Jaeho 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis paper presents simulation-based density forecast evaluation methods using particle filters. The simulation-based dynamic probability integral transformation or log-likelihood evaluation method is combined with the existing density forecast evaluation methods. This methodology is applicable to various density forecast models, such as log stochastic volatility models and affine jump diffusion (AJD) models, for which the probability integral transform or likelihood computation is difficult due to the presence of latent stochastic volatilities. This methodology is applied to the daily S&P 500 stock index. The empirical results show that the AJD models with jumps perform the best for out-of-sample evaluations.
Restrictive Transfusion Strategy Is More Effective in Massive Burns: Results of the TRIBE Multicenter Prospective Randomized Trial
Authors: Palmieri Tina L , Holmes James H , Arnoldo Brett , Peck Michael , Cochran Amalia , King Booker T , Dominic William , Cartotto Robert , Bhavsar Dhaval , Tredget Edward , Stapelberg Francois , Mozingo David , Friedman Bruce , Sen Soman , Taylor Sandra L , Pollock Brad H 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectivesStudies suggest that a restrictive transfusion strategy is safe in burns, yet the efficacy of a restrictive transfusion policy in massive burn injury is uncertain. Our objective: compare outcomes between massive burn (≥60% total body surface area (TBSA) burn) and major (20–59% TBSA) burn using a restrictive or a liberal blood transfusion strategy.MethodsPatients with burns ≥20% were block randomized by age and TBSA to a restrictive (transfuse hemoglobin &lt;7 g/dL) or liberal (transfuse hemoglobin &lt;10 g/dL) strategy throughout hospitalization. Data collected included demographics, infections, transfusions, and outcomes.ResultsThree hundred and forty-five patients received 7,054 units blood, 2,886 in massive and 4,168 in restrictive. Patients were similar in age, TBSA, and inhalation injury. The restrictive group received less blood (45.57 ± 47.63 vs. 77.16 ± 55.0, p &lt; 0.03 massive; 11.0 ± 16.70 vs. 16.78 ± 17.39, p &lt; 0.001) major). In massive burn, the restrictive group had fewer ventilator days (p &lt; 0.05). Median ICU days and LOS were lower in the restrictive group; wound healing, mortality, and infection did not differ. No significant outcome differences occurred in the major (20–59%) group (p &gt; 0.05).Conclusions:A restrictive transfusion strategy may be beneficial in massive burns in reducing ventilator days, ICU days and blood utilization, but does not decrease infection, mortality, hospital LOS or wound healing.
Treatment of Hypertrophic Scars Using Laser-Assisted Corticosteroid Versus Laser-Assisted 5-Fluorouracil Delivery
Authors: Waibel Jill S. , Wulkan Adam J. , Rudnick Ashley , Daoud Alexander 
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND
As the mortality of individuals suffering severe cutaneous injuries decreases, there is an increased need to improve the methods by which physicians treat the resultant scars. Fractional lasers, which create zones of ablation at variable depths, provide a powerful tool in the management of scar complications and deformities. After disruption of the normal skin barrier, these zones may be used to deliver drugs that may enhance scar resolution.

OBJECTIVE
To determine the differences in clinical outcome for hypertrophic scars treated with laser-assisted corticosteroid delivery, as compared to laser-assisted 5-fluorouracil delivery.

METHODS
In this prospective, double-blinded, single-subject study of 20 individuals with hypertrophic scars, subjects underwent 3 treatment sessions at 1-month intervals consisting of fractional ablative laser treatment, followed by postoperative application of either topical triamcinolone acetonide (20 mg/mL) or topical 5-fluorouracil (50 mg/mL).

RESULTS
Three sessions of laser-assisted triamcinolone acetonide and 5-fluorouracil delivery both produced reductions in overall scar area. When compared with one another, there were no statistically significant differences in area reduction between the 2 modalities (p = .603). However, scars treated with 5-fluorouracil were not associated with side effects seen with corticosteroid therapy, such as dermal atrophy or telangiectasia formation.

CONCLUSION
As 5-fluorouracil was associated with fewer adverse events, these findings support the use of a nonsteroidal agent in the management of traumatic scars by laser-assisted therapy.
Competition for space induces cell elimination through compaction-driven ERK downregulation
Authors: Moreno Eduardo , Valon Léo , Levillayer Florence , Levayer Romain 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe plasticity of developing tissues relies on the adjustment of cell survival and growth rate to environmental cues. This includes the effect of mechanical cues on cell survival. Accordingly, compaction of an epithelium can lead to cell extrusion and cell death. This process was proposed to contribute to tissue homeostasis but also to facilitate the expansion of pretumoral cells through the compaction and elimination of the neighbouring healthy cells. However we know very little about the pathways than can trigger apoptosis upon tissue deformation and the contribution of compaction driven death to clone expansion was never assessedin vivo. Using theDrosophilapupal notum and a new live sensor of ERK, we show that tissue compaction induces cell elimination through the downregulation of EGFR/ERK pathway and the upregulation of the pro-apoptotic protein Hid. Those results suggest that the sensitivity of EGFR/ERK pathway to mechanics could play a more general role in the fine tuning of cell elimination during morphogenesis and tissue homeostasis. Secondly, we assessedin vivothe contribution of compaction driven death to pretumoral cell expansion. We found that the activation of the oncogene Ras in clones can also downregulate ERK and activate apoptosis in the neighbouring cells through their compaction, which contributes to Ras clone expansion. The mechanical modulation of EGFR/ERK during growth-mediated competition for space may contribute to tumour progression.
Integrated epigenome, exome and transcriptome analyses reveal molecular subtypes and homeotic transformation in uterine fibroids
Authors: George Jitu W. , Fan Huihui , Johnson Benjamin K. , Chatterjee Anindita , Patterson Amanda L. , Koeman Julie , Adams Marie , Madaj Zachary B. , Chesla David W. , Marsh Erica E. , Triche Timothy J. , Shen Hui , Teixeira Jose M. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTUterine fibroids are benign myometrial smooth muscle tumors of unknown etiology that when symptomatic are the most common indication for hysterectomy in the USA. We conducted an integrated analysis of fibroids and adjacent normal myometria by whole exome sequencing, Infinium MethylationEPIC array, and RNA-sequencing. Unsupervised clustering by DNA methylation segregated normal myometria from fibroids, and further separated the fibroids into subtypes marked byMED12mutation,HMGA2activation (HMGA2hi) andHMGA1activation (HMGA1hi). Upregulation ofHMGA2expression inHMGA2hi fibroids did not always appear to be dependent on translocation, as has been historically described, and was associated with hypomethylation in theHMGA2gene body. Furthermore, we found that expression ofHOXA13was highly upregulated in fibroids and that overexpression ofHOXA13in a myometrial cell line induced expression of genes classically associated with uterine fibroids. Transcriptome analyses of the most differentially expressed genes between cervix and myometrium also showed that uterine fibroids and normal cervix clustered together and apart from normal myometria. Together, our integrated analysis shows a role for epigenetic modification in fibroid biology and strongly suggests that homeotic transformation of myometrium cells to a more cervical phenotype is important for the etiology of the disease.