bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An evaluation of clinical inflammatory and coagulation markers in patients with sepsis: a pilot study
Authors: Fujii Emi , Fujino Kazunori , Eguchi Yutaka 
Published: March 2019

AimPresepsin values could assist early diagnosis and prognosis of sepsis. In sepsis, prognosis is determined according to multiple organ dysfunction, where coagulopathy is common and associated with prognosis. This study aimed to determine the correlation between presepsin value trend and prognosis, and investigate coagulation abnormality in sepsis.MethodsWe retrospectively examined 18 intensive care unit patients diagnosed with sepsis whose presepsin values at admission were ≥500 ng/mL. If presepsin values had decreased ≥50% on hospital day 6, compared to admission values, the patient was allocated into a decreased presepsin group.ResultsPresepsin values in non‐survivors with sepsis were significantly higher than in survivors on day 6 (P = 0.022). No significant differences in procalcitonin or C‐reactive protein were identified between survivors and non‐survivors, and platelet counts were significantly lower in non‐survivors on days 0, 3, and 6 (P = 0.001, P < 0.001, and P = 0.001, respectively). The 90‐day mortality rate in a decreased presepsin group significantly improved, even when presepsin values were high on admission (P = 0.012). Platelet counts were significantly lower on all hospital days in the non‐decreased presepsin group.ConclusionFifty percent decrease in presepsin levels could be a useful prognostic predictor of sepsis. Larger studies are required to confirm our findings.
High‐Energy Rechargeable Metallic Lithium Battery at −70 °C Enabled by a Cosolvent Electrolyte
Authors: Dong Xiaoli , Lin Yuxiao , Li Panlong , Ma Yuanyuan , Huang Jianhang , Bin Duan , Wang Yonggang , Qi Yue , Xia Yongyao 
Published: March 2019

AbstractLithium metal is an ideal anode for high‐energy rechargeable batteries at low temperature, yet hindered by the electrochemical instability with the electrolyte. Concentrated electrolytes can improve the oxidative/reductive stability, but encounter high viscosity. Herein, a co‐solvent formulation was designed to resolve the dilemma. By adding electrochemically “inert” dichloromethane (DCM) as a diluent in concentrated ethyl acetate (EA)‐based electrolyte, the co‐solvent electrolyte demonstrated a high ionic conductivity (0.6 mS cm−1), low viscosity (0.35 Pa s), and wide range of potential window (0–4.85 V) at −70 °C. Spectral characterizations and simulations show these unique properties are associated with the co‐solvation structure, in which high‐concentration clusters of salt in the EA solvent were surrounded by mobile DCM diluent. Overall, this novel electrolyte enabled rechargeable metallic Li battery with high energy (178 Wh kg−1) and power (2877 W kg−1) at −70 °C.
Effects of platinum compounds/superfine aluminum hydroxide/ultrafine calcium carbonate on the flame retardation and smoke suppression of silicone foams
Authors: Deng Jun , Kang Fu‐Ru , Xiao Yang , Shu Chi‐Min , Wang Wei‐Feng , Laiwang Bin , Liu Zhi‐Chao 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTEnvironmentally friendly, flame‐retardant, and relatively low‐density (0.25–0.31 g cm−3) silicone foams (SiFs) were successfully obtained through dehydrogenation at room temperature (RT = 25.0 °C). Moreover, a flame‐retardant system for SiFs was obtained through a synergistic combination of platinum (Pt) compounds, superfine aluminum hydroxide (ATH), and ultrafine calcium carbonate (CC). The smoke suppression, flame retardance, mechanical properties, and thermal stability of SiFs with Pt compounds, ATH, and CC were tested using the limited oxygen index (LOI), UL‐94 test, smoke density test, cone calorimeter, and thermogravimetry–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. With only 0.6 wt % Pt compounds, the pure SiF achieved the UL‐94‐V1 rating (3 mm thick), had an LOI value of 29.6%, and the maximum smoke density (MSD) was 6.5%. After adding ATH and CC, SiF composites could achieve the UL‐94‐V0 rating (3 mm thick), the LOI increase to 35.2%, and MSD decrease by 45%. Furthermore, the SiF with 0.6 wt % Pt compounds, 15.0 wt % ATH, and 15.0 wt % CC exhibited the optimal comprehensive properties for smoke suppression, flame retardance, mechanical performance, and thermal stability. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2020,137, 47679.
Synthesis of atactic polypropylene: Propylene polymerization reactions with TiCl4–Al(C2H5)2Cl/Mg(C4H9)2 catalyst
Authors: Rishina Laura А. , Kissin Yury V. , Lalayan Svetlana S. , Krasheninnikov Vadim G. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTThe Ziegler catalyst, a combination of TiCl4 and Al(C2H5)2Cl, is a very poor catalyst for propylene polymerization. However, the addition of Mg(C4H9)2 to the Ziegler catalyst at a [Mg]:[Al] molar ratio < 0.5 leads to the formation of a potent catalyst system for homopolymerization of propylene. Polymers produced with the TiCl4–Al(C2H5)2Cl/Mg(C4H9)2 catalyst are mostly atactic and amorphous, their minor partially crystalline isotactic components constitute merely 5–10% of the combined polymer material. Principal advantages of the TiCl4–Al(C2H5)2Cl/Mg(C4H9)2 catalyst for the manufacture of atactic PP include high activity, low cost, and the ease of use: the catalyst is prepared in situ from three commercially available components. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47692.
Spatiotemporally different expression of alternatively spliced GABA receptor subunit transcripts in the housefly Musca domestica
Authors: Kita Tomo , Mino Hayata , Ozoe Fumiyo , Ozoe Yoshihisa 
Published: March 2019

AbstractInsect γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors are important as major inhibitory neurotransmitter receptors and targets for insecticides. The housefly GABA receptor subunit gene MdRdl is alternatively spliced at exons 3 (a or b) and 6 (c or d) to yield the variants of ac, ad, bc, and bd combinations. In the present study, the expression of the
MdRdl transcript in the body parts and in the developmental stages of the housefly
Musca domestica was examined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction using specific primers that amplify the combinations of alternative exons. The results indicated that the transcripts of
MdRdl, including four combinations, were highly expressed in the adult stage.
MdRdlbd was the most abundant in the adult head. The expression pattern did not change in the adult stage over 7 days after eclosion. The expression level of the
MdRdl
bd transcript in the female head was similar to that of the male head. In contrast,
MdRdl
bc was the predominant transcript in the pupal head and the adult leg. Because the homomeric Rdl
bc GABA receptor has a high affinity for GABA, our results provide grounds for designing agonist or competitive‐antagonist insecticides that target the orthosteric site of the GABA receptor containing this Rdl variant.
Antennal transcriptome analysis of the maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais: Identification and tissue expression profiling of candidate odorant‐binding protein genes
Authors: Tang Qing‐Feng , Shen Chen , Zhang Ying , Yang Zhi‐Peng , Han Rong‐Rong , Wang Jian 
Published: March 2019

AbstractOur bioassays reviewed that antennae played crucial roles in the responses of maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais) to food and sex volatiles. In order to identify the maize weevil odorant‐binding protein (OBP) genes, we analyzed its antennal transcriptome. In total, 21,587,928 high‐quality clean reads were obtained from RNA‐seq, 52,206 unigenes were assembled, and 25,744 unigenes showed significant similarity (
E value < 10
−5) to known proteins in the NCBI nonredundant protein database. From those unigenes, we identified 41 candidate OBP proteins, which could be categorized into dimeric OBPs subfamily, minus‐C OBPs subfamily, and classical OBPs subfamily. Phylogenic analysis indicated that most maize weevil OBPs were closely related to their orthologues in other beetles of the Superfamily
Curculionoidea. We further investigated the expression profiles of those candidate OBP genes by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Twenty‐six of forty‐one maize weevil OBP genes were highly expressed in the antennae or other parts of the head. The rest were expressed in the legs, wings, or other tested tissues. The antennal transcriptomic data and candidate OBP genes described here provide a basis for the functional studies of the maize weevil chemical perception, which are potential novel targets for pest control strategies.
Residue analysis of tebufenozide and indoxacarb in chicken muscle, milk, egg and aquatic animal products using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Choi Jeong‐Min , Zheng Weijia , Abd El‐Aty A. M. , Kim Seong‐Kwan , Park Da‐Hee , Yoo Kyung‐Hee , Lee Gyu‐Hee , Baranenko Denis A. , Hacımüftüoğlu Ahmet , Jeong Ji Hoon , Kang Young‐Sun , Shin Ho‐Chul 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe developed an analytical method using liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) to detect and quantify tebufenozide (TEB) and indoxacarb (IND) residues in animal and aquatic products (chicken muscle, milk, egg, eel, flatfish, and shrimp). The target compounds were extracted using 1% acetic acid (0.1% acetic acid for egg only) in acetonitrile and purified using n‐hexane. The analytes were separated on a Gemini‐NX C18 column using (a) distilled water with 0.1% formic acid and 5 mm ammonium acetate and (b) methanol with 0.1% formic acid as the mobile phase. All six‐point matrix‐matched calibration curves showed good linearity with coefficients of determination (R2) ≥0.9864 over a concentration range of 5–50 μg/kg. Intra‐ and inter‐day accuracy was expressed as the recovery rate at three spiking levels and ranged between 73.22 and 114.93% in all matrices, with a relative standard deviation (RSD, corresponding to precision) ≤13.87%. The limits of quantification (LOQ) of all target analytes ranged from 2 to 20 μg/kg, which were substantially lower than the maximum residue limits (MRLs) specified by the regulatory agencies of different countries. All samples were collected from different markets in Seoul, Republic of Korea, and tested negative for tebufenozide and indoxacarb residues. These results show that the method developed is robust and may be a promising tool to detect trace levels of the target analytes in animal products.
Simultaneous determination of tandospirone and its active metabolite, 1‐[2‐pyrimidyl]‐piperazine in rat plasma by LC–MS/MS and its application to a pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Hu Wenya , Jia Mi , He Siyan , Xie Huiru , Jiang Xuehua , Wang Ling 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA rapid, sensitive and selective liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method for the detection of tandospirone (TDS) and its active metabolite 1‐[2‐pyrimidyl]‐piperazine (1‐PP) in Sprague–Dawley rat plasma is described. It was employed in a pharmacokinetic study. These analytes and the internal standards were extracted from plasma using protein precipitation with acetonitrile, then separated on a CAPCELL PAK ADME C18 column using a mobile phase of acetonitrile and 5 mm ammonium formate acidified with formic acid (0.1%, v/v) at a total flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. The detection was performed with a tandem mass spectrometer equipped with an electrospray ionization source. The method was validated to quantify the concentration ranges of 1.000–500.0 ng/mL for TDS and 10.00–500.0 ng/mL for 1‐PP. Total time for each chromatograph was 3.0 min.The intra‐day precision was between 1.42 and 6.69% and the accuracy ranged from 95.74 to 110.18% for all analytes. Inter‐day precision and accuracy ranged from 2.47 to 6.02% and from 98.37 to 105.62%, respectively. The lower limits of quantification were 1.000 ng/mL for TDS and 10.00 ng/mL for 1‐PP. This method provided a fast, sensitive and selective analytical tool for quantification of tandospirone and its metabolite 1‐PP in plasma necessary for the pharmacokinetic investigation.
High‐dose Methotrexate plus temozolomide with or without rituximab in patients with untreated primary central nervous system lymphoma: A retrospective study from China
Authors: Chen Cui , Sun Peng , Cui Juan , Yan Shumei , Chen Hao , Xia Yi , Bi Xiwen , Liu Panpan , Wang Yu , Yang Hang , Nie Man , Zhang Xue‐Wen , Jiang Wenqi , Li Zhi‐Ming 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this retrospective study was to compare the efficacy and toxicity of high‐dose methotrexate plus temozolomide (MT regimen) and rituximab plus MT (RMT regimen) in patients with untreated primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). A total of 62 patients with untreated PCNSL were enrolled between January 2005 and December 2015, with the median age of 53.5 years (range 29‐77).In this study, 32 patients received RMT as induction therapy, and 30 received MT. Objective responses were noted in 93.7% of the patients in the RMT group and in 69.0% of the patients in the MT group (P = 0.018), while complete responses were noted in 53.2% of the patients in the RMT group and 27.6% of the patients in the MT group (P < 0.001). The 2‐ and 5‐year PFS rates were 81.3% and 53.3%, respectively, for the RMT group and 46.5% and 29.1%, respectively, for the MT group (P = 0.019). The 2‐ and 5‐year overall survival (OS) rates were 82.3% and 82.3%, respectively, for the RMT group and 65.7% and 50.0%, respectively, for the MT group (P = 0.015). Multivariate analyses showed that therapeutic regimen (RMT vs MT) was an independent prognostic factor for PFS and OS. Our encouraging results suggest that the RMT regimen may be a feasible and safe therapeutic approach for first‐line treatment of PCNSL.
Methanol Sensing by a Luminescent Zinc(II)‐Based Metal−Organic Framework
Authors: Durini Sara , Ilić Nebojša , Ramazanova Kyzgaldak , Grell Toni , Lönnecke Peter , Hey‐Hawkins Evamarie 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA luminescent zinc‐based metal‐organic framework (MOF; 1) was synthesized from a highly conjugated tridentate ligand, 1,3,5‐tris[(1E)‐2′‐(4′′‐benzoic acid)vinyl]benzene. X‐ray single crystal analysis reveals the organization of 1 in a three‐dimensional porous framework. Thermogravimetric analysis shows that 1 has a good thermal stability, and resists decomposition up to 420 °C. The removal of the solvent molecules from the cavities leads to a temporary loss of crystallinity, which can be regained by heating the MOF in diethylformamide, the solvent used for the synthesis, as shown by powder X‐ray diffraction. In addition, 1 shows luminescent features influenced by the chemical environment, making it suitable as optical sensor. Detection of methanol with a turn‐on effect was possible in low concentration in mixtures with water (50 μL/3 mL and 10 μL/3 mL) and as vapor.
Energy‐efficient device‐to‐device communication using adaptive resource‐block allocation
Authors: Gandotra Pimmy , Jha Rakesh Kumar 
Published: March 2019

SummaryDevice‐to‐device (D2D) communication in the fifth‐generation (5G) wireless communication networks (WCNs) reuses the cellular spectrum to communicate over the direct links and offers significant performance benefits. Since the scarce radio spectrum is the most precious resource for the mobile‐network operators (MNOs), optimizing the resource allocation in WCNs is a major challenge. This paper proposes an adaptive resource‐block (RB) allocation scheme for adequate RB availability to every D2D pair in a trisectored cell of the 5G WCN. The hidden Markov model (HMM) is used to allocate RBs adaptively, promoting high resource efficiency. The stringent quality‐of‐service (QoS) and quality‐of‐experience (QoE) requirements of the evolutionary 5G WCNs must not surpass the transmission power levels. This is also addressed while using HMM for RB allocation. Thus, an energy‐efficient RB allocation is performed, with higher access rate and mean opinion score (MOS). Cell sectoring effectively manages the interference in the 5G networks amid ultrauser density. The potency of the proposed adaptive scheme has been verified through simulations. The proposed scheme is an essential approach to green communication in 5G WCNs.
Landscape genetic structure of Scirpus mariqueter reveals a putatively adaptive differentiation under strong gene flow in estuaries
Authors: Yang Mei , Xu Chengyuan , Duchesne Pierre , Ma Qiang , Yin Ganqiang , Fang Yang , Lu Fan , Zhang Wenju 
Published: March 2019

AbstractEstuarine organisms grow in highly heterogeneous habitats, and their genetic differentiation is driven by selective and neutral processes as well as population colonization history. However, the relative importance of the processes that underlie genetic structure is still puzzling. Scirpus mariqueter is a perennial grass almost limited in the Changjiang River estuary and its adjacent Qiantang River estuary. Here, using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), a moderate‐high level of genetic differentiation among populations (range FST: 0.0310–0.3325) was showed despite large ongoing dispersal. FLOCK assigned all individuals to 13 clusters and revealed a complex genetic structure. Some genetic clusters were limited in peripheries compared with very mixing constitution in center populations, suggesting local adaptation was more likely to occur in peripheral populations. 21 candidate outliers under positive selection were detected, and further, the differentiation patterns correlated with geographic distance, salinity difference, and colonization history were analyzed with or without the outliers. Combined results of AMOVA and IBD based on different dataset, it was found that the effects of geographic distance and population colonization history on isolation seemed to be promoted by divergent selection. However, none‐liner IBE pattern indicates the effects of salinity were overwhelmed by spatial distance or other ecological processes in certain areas and also suggests that salinity was not the only selective factor driving population differentiation. These results together indicate that geographic distance, salinity difference, and colonization history co‐contributed in shaping the genetic structure of S. mariqueter and that their relative importance was correlated with spatial scale and environment gradient.
Toward accurate species‐level metabarcoding of arthropod communities from the tropical forest canopy
Authors: Creedy Thomas J. , Ng Wui Shen , Vogler Alfried P. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Metabarcoding of arthropod communities can be used for assessing species diversity in tropical forests but the methodology requires validation for accurate and repeatable species occurrences in complex mixtures. This study investigates how the composition of ecological samples affects the accuracy of species recovery.

Starting with field‐collected bulk samples from the tropical canopy, the recovery of specimens was tested for subsets of different body sizes and major taxa, by assembling these subsets into increasingly complex composite pools. After metabarcoding, we track whether richness, diversity, and most importantly composition of any size class or taxonomic subset are affected by the presence of other subsets in the mixture.

Operational taxonomic units (OTUs) greatly exceeded the number of morphospecies in most taxa, even under very stringent sequencing read filtering. There was no significant effect on the recovered OTU richness of small and medium‐sized arthropods when metabarcoded alongside larger arthropods, despite substantial biomass differences in the mixture. The recovery of taxonomic subsets was not generally influenced by the presence of other taxa, although with some exceptions likely due to primer mismatches. Considerable compositional variation within size and taxon‐based subcommunities was evident resulting in high beta‐diversity among samples from within a single tree canopy, but this beta‐diversity was not affected by experimental manipulation.

We conclude that OTU recovery in complex arthropod communities, with sufficient sequencing depth and within reasonable size ranges, is not skewed by variable biomass of the constituent species. This could remove the need for time‐intensive manual sorting prior to metabarcoding. However, there remains a chance of taxonomic bias, which may be primer‐dependent. There will never be a panacea primer; instead, metabarcoding studies should carefully consider whether the aim is broadscale turnover, in which case these biases may not be important, or species lists, in which case separate PCRs and sequencing might be necessary. OTU number inflation remains an issue in metabarcoding and requires bioinformatic development, particularly in read filtering and OTU clustering, and/or greater use of species‐identifying sequences generated outside of bulk sequencing.
Constraining N cycling in the ecosystem model LandscapeDNDC with the stable isotope model SIMONE
Authors: Denk Tobias R. A. , Kraus David , Kiese Ralf , Butterbach‐Bahl Klaus , Wolf Benjamin 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe isotopic composition (ic) of soil nitrogen (N) and, more recently, the intramolecular distribution of 15N in the N2O molecule (site preference, SP) are powerful instruments to identify dominant N turnover processes, and to attribute N2O emissions to their source processes. Despite the process information contained in the ic of N species and the associated potential for model validation, the implementation of isotopes in ecosystem models has lagged behind. To foster the validation of ecosystem models based on the ic of N species, we developed the stable isotope model for nutrient cycles (SIMONE). SIMONE uses fluxes between ecosystem N pools (soil organic N, mineral N, plants, microbes) calculated by biogeochemical models, and literature isotope effects for these processes to calculate the ic of N species. Here, we present the concept of SIMONE, apply it to simulations of the biogeochemical model LandscapeDNDC, and assess the capability of 15N‐N2O and, to our knowledge for the first time, SP, to constrain simulated N fluxes by LandscapeDNDC. LandscapeDNDC successfully simulated N2O emission, soil nitrate, and ammonium, as well as soil environmental conditions of an intensively managed grassland site in Switzerland. Accordingly, the dynamics of 15N‐N2O and SP of soil N2O fluxes as simulated by SIMONE agreed well with measurements, though 15N‐N2O was on average underestimated and SP overestimated (root‐mean‐square error [RMSE] of 8.4‰ and 7.3‰, respectively). Although 15N‐N2O could not constrain the N cycling process descriptions of LandscapeDNDC, the overestimation of SP indicated an overestimation of simulated nitrification rates by 10–59% at low water content, suggesting the revision of the corresponding model parameterization. Our findings show that N isotope modeling in combination with only recently available high‐ frequency measurements of the N2O ic are promising tools to identify and address weaknesses in N cycling of ecosystem models. This will finally contribute to augmenting the development of model‐based strategies for mitigating N pollution.