bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization on Well Energy Supplement and Cluster Spacing Based Upon Fracture Controlling Fracturing Technology & Reservoir Simulation - An Ordos Basin Case Study
Authors: Guo Ying , Weng Dingwei , Wang Xin , Duan Yaoyao , Xiu Jianlong , Chen Zhuxing , Liu Jianwei , Tang Meirong 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Unconventional reservoir is characterized by its low permeability, insufficient reservoir energy and low production. To develop unconventional resource economically and efficiently, the industry has been spending tremendous resources to optimize completion, energy supplement and cluster spacing in stimulation technology by piloting – a trial approach. However, this approach tends to be time consuming and cost significant amount of money. As the fracturing modeling and stimulation technology advances, we question: "Can we use the fracturing modeling and reservoir simulation technologies to optimize well energy supplement and cluster spacing based upon Fracture Controlling Fracturing (FCF) technology, which is the latest concept for stimulation technology with successful applications in China's unconventional oil and gas development?", so that the industry can significantly save piloting time and money, and quickly find the optimal energy supplement method and cluster spacing corresponding to optimal completion.
Based on the actual geological conditions of the horizontal well group of An83 block in Changqing oilfield in Ordos basin, we first built a 3-D geological and petrophysical model by Petrel and Eclipse softwares, and then calibrated the model with multi-stage fracturing production history data of each well. Local grid refinement and equivalent permeability simulation of fractures were used to optimize the crack system and cluster spacing parameters. FCF is a new generation hydraulic fracturing technology to move all the controllable reserves per well, and develop unconventional resources economically and efficiently by making fractures matching ‘sweet spots’ and ‘non-sweet spots’. The FCF emphasizes on making all the oil and gas movable by the hydraulic fracturing for the first time, the integration of reservoir pressurization, stimulation and production. It aims at moving all the oil and gas in place, developing unconventional oil and gas resources sustainable and profitable.
The FCF has been successfully applied to the Ma56 block of Santang Lake in Tuha Oilfield of China. The average cluster spacing is 39.4 ft, and each stage has 5 clusters. The ‘fracture-controlled reserves’ was raised by optimizing well energy replenishment and cluster spacing based upon FCF technology. The total fluid volume injected is 151421.4bbl per well, and the formation energy is fully supplemented. Compared with neighboring wells, the oil production has increased by 1.7 times. With outstanding performance in production enhancement for unconventional oil and gas plays, FCF is worthy of extensive promotion.
Specifics of Pressure Analysis of Multi-Stage Hydraulic Fracturing of Horizontal Wells Completed in Low Permeable Reservoir
Authors: Gaysina Narkes , Bochkarev Alexander , Chernyshev Dmitriy , Parshin Nikolay , Ryazanov Arsentiy 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this paper authors present pressure decline analysis after injection tests using diagnostic plots with focus on events that occur before the fracture closure (PCA). The main feature of used method is that analysis is performed by identifying mistakes during interpretation that can disrupt pressure decline curve. The essential instrument of interpretation in our method is Log-Log plot. Some effects which were earlier relating to "nonideal behavior" are removed from the analysis as they are not result of work of a reservoir – fracture system, but mistakenly interpreted factors. The last is made by standardizing of Log-Log plot to a "normal" form at the dominating in time period of the linear flow in a fracture. GdP/dG plot is referential instrument whereby fracture closure pressure can be determined in small point vicinities explicit in Log-Log plot.
This paper discusses the existing methods of fracturing parameters determination, the analysis of completeness and clarity of these methods is carried out. Approaches to interpretation of J-shaped curves of pressure decline and the most probable causes of such behavior of pressure were discussed in the context of "nonideal behavior" in many papers. According to our method, Interpretation of pressure decline should at first been carried out according to "ideal behavior". Interpretation of S-shaped curves of pressure decline can be also carried out in the context of "ideal behavior", and leads, according to this paper authors, to correct assessment of efficiency and net pressure in fracture.
Paper is aimed at presenting of practical actions of the engineer in pressure decline analysis in low-permeable reservoirs. In this case, fracture can have the sufficient sizes to observation allowing to identify on Log-Log plot the characteristic flow states. This factor causes limits of applicability of the offered method. Definition of application, requires carrying out the analysis of statistics on fields, including the analysis as behavior of pressure decline after injection tests, so and production performance.
Described method was applied on field in Western Siberia. Occurred production problems were the cause to start investigation of pressure decline analysis methods.
Developing Cement Mixtures to Cement Horizontal Well Intervals with Multi-Stage Fracturing
Authors: Bakirov Daniyr , Burdyga Vitaly , Fattakhov Marsel , Belousov Andrey 
Published: October 2019

Summary
The well casing practice shows that cement stone ensuringcasing integrity can destroy under the impact of loads during performance of different process operations. Dynamic impact violates casing integrity most seriously. The potential consequences are inter-casing and behind-casing cross flows, bottom water breakthroughs into a perforation interval, premature water flooding.
The currently used cementing materials based on Portland cement resist shock loads inadequately and have a low tearing strength. Many complications connected with premature water flooding directly depend on the low deformation capacity of cement stone.
This work suggests methods to solve the problem of annular isolation integrity destruction on the basis of a range of studies, and namely: calculation of the required cement stone strength to prevent its destruction behind casing during perforation and fracturing operations; assessment of the currently used cementing materials to check their ability to ensure the required strength; assessment of cement stone stress via the finite elements method; graphical representation of the stress condition of cement stone by means of the Mohr theory.
The safety and efficiency of low-dose mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in dialysis patients: a meta-analysis
Authors: Zhu Yifan , Liu Yueming , Cai Ruyi , Zheng Danna , Liang Xudong , Tao Mei , Jin Juan , Li Yiwen , He Qiang 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Our aim was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of low-dose mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) in dialysis patients.Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane libraries for clinical trials on the use of MRAs in dialysis patients. Review Manager 5.3 software was used to analyze relevant data and evaluate the quality of evidence.Results: We identified nine randomized controlled trials including 1128 chronic dialysis patients. In terms of safety, when hyperkalemia was defined as serum potassium level ≥5.5 mmol/L, low-dose MRAs were significantly associated with hyperkalemia (relative risk [RR] 1.76, 95% CI 1.07–2.89, P = 0.02); however, when hyperkalemia was defined as serum potassium level ≥6.0 mmol/L or serum potassium level ≥6.5 mmol/L, no significant association was observed between low-dose MRAs and hyperkalemia (RR 1.40, 95% CI 0.83–2.37, P = 0.20; RR 1.98, 95% CI 0.91–4.30, P = 0.09, respectively). Use of low-dose MRAs can reduce CV mortality by 57% compared with the control group (RR 0.43, 95% CI 0.25–0.75, P = 0.003). Similarly, the RR of all-cause mortality for the low-dose MRAs group was 0.44 (95% CI 0.28–0.68, P = 0.0003).Conclusion: Low-dose MRAs may benefit dialysis patients without significantly increasing moderate to severe hyperkalemia.
Life satisfaction analysis of occupational balance group: based on Korean time use survey data (KOSTAT) of older adults
Authors: Cha Yu-Jin 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to identify whether there is a difference in time use between a group of subjects with occupational balance, the occupational balance group (OB group) and a group of subjects lacking occupational balance, the occupational imbalance group (OI group), and what factors influence the life satisfaction of the OB group. This study used raw data from the 2014 Time Use Survey of the Korea National Statistical Office (KOSTAT).
Methods: This study sorted detailed activities of the 9.228 subjects who were over 65 years of age. We conducted an independent sample t-test to confirm the time difference by areas between the OB group and the OI groups. In order to confirm the effect of variables on life satisfaction, we performed regression analysis by applying an ordered probit model (OPM).
Results: The analysis of time use corresponding to eight activity areas showed the greatest time use for the instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), followed by rest and sleep, leisure, and activities of daily living (ADL). The largest effect size (ES) was social participation, followed by leisure, IADL, and work. As a result of analyzing the factors affecting the life satisfaction of the OB group, we found that lower age, females, a higher level of education, a lower need for care, higher income, and agricultural residence tended to correspond to higher life satisfaction.
Conclusions : This study may provide a basis for the development of the time‐use management and lifestyle redesign programs to assist older adults in pursuing disease prevention and health maintenance roles by themselves.
A retrospective evaluation of the association between potentially inappropriate prescribing and adverse drug reactions among hospitalized elderly Nigerians
Authors: Saka Ajibola Sule , Oosthuizen Frasia , Nlooto Manimbulu 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background
Potentially inappropriate prescribing is associated with adverse clinical outcomes in the elderly. The Beers Criteria were developed to improve the quality of medication prescribing and safety to the elderly. However, the nexus between the Criteria’s potentially inappropriate medicines (PIMs) and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) remains controversial in clinical practice. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the 2015 American Geriatrics Society-Beers’ (AGS-Beers) PIMs and ADRs among elderly inpatients.
Methods
A cross-sectional retrospective study was carried out among elderly patients aged ≥ 60 years that were hospitalized between 1st January and 31st December 2016 at the internal medicine wards of a Nigerian University teaching hospital. Eligible elders that were hospitalized or died within 24 hours were excluded from the study. The medical records of eligible participants were randomly selected and information including patients’ socio-demographics, medication and medical histories, and medicines utilization during hospitalization were extracted from the records. Two clinical pharmacists evaluated the medical charts for PIMs using the 2015 AGS-Beers Criteria and ADRs using the Naranjo algorithm. Bivariate analyses and subsequently, a binary logistic regression, were carried out to determine the association between independent variables and ADRs with P<0.05 being considered significant.
Results
A total of 268 participants mean age, 70.53 (8.22) years were evaluated. According to the AGS-Beers Criteria, 32.1% (86/268) received at least one PIM, 13.8% (37/268) experienced 43 ADRs during hospitalization of which diclofenac was the most implicated medication for it (8/43, 18.6%). The AGS-Beers’ PIMs were not associated with ADRs in the bivariate analysis (p=0.24). The diagnoses of musculoskeletal disorders (OR=7.38, 95%CI=2.68-20.34, p<0.001) and the use of anticholinergic medications (OR=4.02,95%CI=1.04-15.58, p=0.04) were significantly associated with ADRs in the logistic regression.
Conclusion
The elderly inpatients experienced ADRs which were associated with diagnoses of musculoskeletal disorders and anticholinergic medications but not the 2015 AGS-Beers’ PIM in the Nigerian teaching hospital.
Keywords: adverse drug reaction, Beers criteria, elderly inpatient, potential inappropriate prescribing
Running title: Potential inappropriate prescribing and adverse drug reactions in elderly
Carbonation and decarbonation reactions: Implications for planetary habitability
Authors: Stewart E.M. , Ague Jay J. , Ferry John M. , Schiffries Craig M. , Tao Ren-Biao , Isson Terry T. , Planavsky Noah J. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The geologic carbon cycle plays a fundamental role in controlling Earth's climate and habitability. For billions of years, stabilizing feedbacks inherent in the cycle have maintained a surface environment that could sustain life. Carbonation/decarbonation reactions are the primary mechanisms for transferring carbon between the solid Earth and the ocean–atmosphere system. These processes can be broadly represented by the reaction: CaSiO3 (wollastonite) + CO2 (gas) ↔ CaCO3 (calcite) + SiO2 (quartz). This class of reactions is therefore critical to Earth's past and future habitability. Here, we summarize their significance as part of the Deep Carbon Obsevatory's “Earth in Five Reactions” project. In the forward direction, carbonation reactions like the one above describe silicate weathering and carbonate formation on Earth's surface. Recent work aims to resolve the balance between silicate weathering in terrestrial and marine settings both in the modern Earth system and through Earth's history. Rocks may also undergo carbonation reactions at high temperatures in the ultramafic mantle wedge of a subduction zone or during retrograde regional metamorphism. In the reverse direction, the reaction above represents various prograde metamorphic decarbonation processes that can occur in continental collisions, rift zones, subduction zones, and in aureoles around magmatic systems. We summarize the fluxes and uncertainties of major carbonation/decarbonation reactions and review the key feedback mechanisms that are likely to have stabilized atmospheric CO2 levels. Future work on planetary habitability and Earth's past and future climate will rely on an enhanced understanding of the long-term carbon cycle.
PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN PENILAIAN PENGETAHUAN AWAL (PRIOR KNOWLEDGE) MAHASISWA PADA MATERI TERMOKIMIA
Authors: Ismawati Riva , Trisnowati Eli 
Published: October 2019

Abstract This study aims to determine the characteristics of the testlet assessment instrument items of student’s prior knowledge on thermochemistry material. The method used in this research was research and development method of 3-D model (Define, Design, Develop). Instruments were piloted on 39 students and validated by experts. Instrument reliability (r11) of the instrument was 0.9 with very high category. The validity of the items consisted of 42 valid questions, and 3 invalid questions. The difficulty index of item consisted of 7 difficult questions, 34 moderate questions, and 4 easy questions. Discrimination index of item consisted of 7 questions bad category, 17 questions enough category, 20 questions good category, and 1 question very good category.Keywords : assessment instrument, prior knowledge, teslet, thermochemistry Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan karakteristik butir soal instrumen penilaian pengetahuan awal (prior knowledge) mahasiswa berbentuk tes teslet pada materi termokimia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian dan pengembangan model 3-D (Define, Design, Develop). Instrumen diujicobakan pada 39 mahasiswa dan divalidasi oleh ahli. Reliabilitas instrumen r11 sebesar 0,9 dengan kategori sangat tinggi. Validitas butir soal terdiri dari 42 soal valid, dan 3 soal tidak valid. Tingkat kesulitan butir soal terdiri dari 7 soal sukar, 34 soal sedang, dan 4 soal mudah. Daya pembeda butir soal terdiri dari 7 soal jelek, 17 soal cukup, 20 soal baik, dan 1 soal sangat baik.Kata kunci: instrumen penilaian, pengetahuan awal, testlet, termokimia
Web-based geospatial platform for the analysis and forecasting of sedimentation at culverts
Authors: Xu Haowen , Muste Marian , Demir Ibrahim 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Sedimentation is one of the major operational hazards for culverts located in Midwestern areas of the United States. Currently, there are no systematic efforts for mitigating detrimental effects of sediment blockage at culverts, as the problem involves complex and interlinked environmental processes that are difficult to investigate and solve with conventional approaches (e.g., experimental methods and physical modeling). In this paper, we present a new, innovative solution for addressing culvert sedimentation using a data-driven approach. This approach enables the identification of culvert sedimentation drivers and quantifies the relationships between drivers and culvert sedimentation severity, making use of an extensive set of multi-disciplinary data. The data analysis and management tools are embedded in a web-based platform, the IowaDOT Culverts. Through user-friendly interfaces and interactive visualizations, this platform facilitates the analysis and forecasting of sedimentation at multi-box culverts across Iowa. The IowaDOT Culverts web-based geospatial platform allows us to: (a) integrate, access, store, and manage diverse culvert-related information; (b) organize and document culvert inspections in real time; (c) conduct sedimentation-related analyses using computer-driven visual analytical approaches; and (d) support forecasting of the culvert sedimentation potential. The platform is developed with open-source web technologies and modular system designs, making it scalable, flexible, and extendable to other geographical regions.
Antimicrobial properties of the peptide substance Bacillus Subtilis PSF-19
Authors: Pokhilenko Viktor Danilovich , Perelygin Vladimir Vladimirovich , Kalmantaev Timur Akhmerovich , Detushev Konstantin Vladimirovich , Chukina Irina Anatolevna 
Published: October 2019

The subject of the study is a strain of Bacillus subtilis PSF-19 isolated by us from vegetable raw materials (Passiflora preparation), which is capable of producing antimicrobial substance (AMV) suppressing pathogenic bacteria. The article discusses the method and conditions of extraction from the culture fluid fraction of AMV, active against Listeria monocytogenes – one of the dangerous intestinal pathogens that infect food. Using biochemical methods and mass spectroscopy, the molecular weight and the peptide nature of the active fraction of AMV were determined. A fraction of AMV with a molecular weight of 3,4–3,6 kDa has bactericidal activity, which is destroyed by treatment with proteolytic enzymes, which allowed it to be attributed to the group of low-molecular antimicrobial peptides – bacteriocins.
The studies allow to consider the strain Bacillus subtilis PSF-19 as a producer of bacteriocin, especially effective against pathogens of intestinal listeriosis. The establishment of the fact of destructibility of proteolytic enzymes, finding the conditions of microbiological synthesis of AMV, its isolation and accumulation for research, provide opportunities for practical use as a means for decontamination of the environment instead of traditional antibiotics.
Tracción de canino maxilar con la técnica quirúrgica incisión vertical y túnel de acceso subperióstico
Authors: Tovío Martínez Eilien , Vergara Villarreal Patricia , Martínez Martínez Adel , Harris-Ricardo Jonathan 
Published: October 2019

Los dientes caninos presentan una alta frecuencia de inclusión, ocupando el segundo lugar después de los terceros molares, su permanencia en la arcada dental es importante por las diversas funciones que cumple en la cavidad bucal, permitiendo desgarrar los alimentos al masticar, guían la oclusión dental, son los encargados de centralizar y desprogramar la oclusión durante los movimientos de lateralidad, dan soporte al labio superior, marcan el límite del sector anterior, destacándose en la sonrisa. La técnica de incisión vertical y túnel de acceso subperióstico (VISTA), permite la tracción de dientes impactados por vestibular, es poco traumática para los tejidos blandos, disminuye los problemas periodontales y evita la reabsorción radicular de los dientes adyacentes. El objetivo es reportar caso clínico en el que se especifica la secuencia del abordaje ortoquirúrgico aplicando la técnica VISTA en un paciente con el diente 13 incluido, mostrando buenos resultados, se describen la técnica quirúrgica y manejo ortodóntico.
ANALISIS BUDAYA KESELAMATAN KERJA PEGAWAI DI BIRO PERENCANAAN (BP) – BADAN TENAGA NUKLIR NASIONAL (BATAN)
Authors: Agustini Sri , Kaliwanto Budi 
Published: October 2019

Abstrak: Analisis Budaya Keselamatan Keselamatan Kerja Pegawai di Biro Perencanaan – BADAN TENAGA NUKLIR NASIONAL (BATAN). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui budaya keselamatan kerja pegawai di BP BATAN dan mengidentifikasi profil budaya organisasi pada jajaran pimpinan. Hasil penilaian budaya keselamatan kerja pegawai di BP BATAN masuk dalam kategori Baik. Penelitian deskriptif dengan interprestasi dan analisis kuantitatif ini memperoleh hasil penilaian diri dari 5 Karakteristik dan 37 Atribut Budaya Keselamatan di BP BATAN yang terdiri dari penilaian pejabat struktural sebanyak 13 orang dengan hasil penilaian diri budaya keselamatan 3,93 dengan kategori Baik. Pejabat fungsional sebanyak 11 orang dengan hasil penilaian diri budaya keselamatan 3,73 dengan kategori B, dan non struktural-non fungsional sebanyak 13 orang dengan hasil penilaian diri budaya keselamatan 3,64 dengan kategori B. Sedangkan hasil penilaian diri BP dari 33 pegawai BP dengan hasil penilaian diri budaya keselamatan 3,78 dengan kategori B. Hasil analisis juga menunjukkan bahwa budaya keselamatan kerja pegawai yang melibatkan antar bidang dan keahlian kurang berjalan dengan baik di BP, sikap saling percaya belum sepenuhnya meresap pada semua pegawai. Kata kunci: Budaya Keselamatan Kerja Pegawai, Budaya organsasi, Pegawai BP Abstract: Analysis of Employee Safety Culture in the Planning Bureau - NUCLEAR NUCLEAR AGENCY (BATAN). This study aims to understand the work safety culture at BP BATAN and improve the organizational culture profile at the leadership level. Results The work safety culture award at BP BATAN is in the Good category. Descriptive research with interpretation and quantitative analysis obtained the results of self-assessment of 5 Characteristics and 37 Attributes of Safety Culture in BP BATAN consisting of 13 structural permits with Good Cultural Safety 3.93 results with Good category. Functional Officials A total of 11 people with cultural safety results of 3.73 with category B, and non-functional non-functional as many as 13 people with results Improve safety culture 3.64 with category B. Results produced by BP themselves from 33 BP employees with assessment results self safety culture 3.78 with category B. The results of the analysis also show that work safety culture that involves interdisciplinary and expertise is not going well at BP, incompatible mutual trust pervades all employees. Keywords: Employee Safety Culture, Organizational Culture, BP Employees