bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cumhuriyet Döneminde Ayaş Ilçesinin Idari Yapisi Ve Nüfusu (1923-1980)
Authors: TUNÇ Bilal 
Published: July 2018

Bu
çalışmada, İç Anadolu Bölgesi’nin kuzeybatısında yer alan Ayaş ilçesinde Cumhuriyetin
ilanından günümüze kadar idari alandaki düzenlemelerle nüfusun tarihsel
gelişimi, şehirsel ve kırsal nüfus, yoğunluğu ve dağılışı üzerinde
durulmaktadır. Bilindiği üzere, İç Anadolu Bölgesi’nin alan bakımından büyük
şehirlerinden ve Türkiye’nin başkenti Ankara’nın ilçelerinden birisi olan Ayaş,
tarih boyunca başta Hititler, Frigyalılar, Galatlar ve Romalılar olmak
üzere birçok kültür ve uygarlığa ev sahipliği yapmıştır. Böylesine önemli olan yerleşim
alanında tarih boyunca idari alanda birçok düzenlemeler yapılmış ve bu durum
doğal olarak nüfusu da etkilemiştir. Bilhassa idarî alandaki düzenlemelere
bağlı olarak Ayaş’ın nahiye ve köylerinin statülerinde birtakım değişikliklerin
ve yeniliklerin yapılması zorunlu hale gelmiştir. Bu durum, doğal olarak nüfus
artış hızını da etkilemiştir. Bu eser başta arşiv kayıtları, Resmî Gazete ve
TÜİK verileri olmak üzere; araştırma ve inceleme eserlerinden yararlanılarak oluşturulmuştur.
Book Review: Andrew Faull and Sindiso Mnisi Weeks
Authors: Dixon Bill (William) 
Published: July 2018

Review of:
Andrew Faull, Police Work and Identity: A South African Ethnography, Abingdon, Routledge, 2018
ISBN: 978-1-138-23329-4
Sindiso Mnisi Weeks, Access to Justice and Human Security: Cultural Contradictions in Rural South Africa, Abingdon, Routledge, 2018
ISBN: 978-1-138-57860-9
Ncedo Ntsasa Mngqibisa and Guy Lamb
Authors: Moult Kelley 
Published: July 2018

As anyone with empirical fieldwork experience knows, even best laid data collection plans rarely go off without a hitch. There is often rich learning from these challenges, although we seldom reflect on them in the literature. This interview asks UCT’s Safety and Violence Initiative (SaVI) Director, Guy Lamb, and Study Coordinator Ncedo Ntsasa Mnquibisa about their experiences carrying out the Gugulethu component of a randomised household survey project that took place in Gugulethu and Manenberg in Cape Town in 2017. Young people between the ages of 12 and 18 years old, and one of their caregivers, were interviewed using a detailed (structured) questionnaire. This project was a partnership between SaVI, Amandla EduFootball and Dr Ian Edelstein (who was based at the Human Sciences Research Council), which focused on youth resilience, deviance and development. The project was funded by the Department of Cultural Affairs and Sport in the Western Cape Provincial Government.
Can the Reading Construct Be Examined outside the Reading Context? An Investigation of the Construct Validity of an English as a Foreign Language Reading Test
Authors: Katalayi Godefroid B. 
Published: July 2018

This paper examines the construct validity of a multiple-choice reading test from the epistemological stance that supports a close relationship between test construct and test context. It aims to evaluate the extent to which the test tasks not only target the reading construct, but also come to grip with the specific test context (Katalayi & Sivasubramaniam, 2013). Fifty (50) multiple-choice items taken from the 2017 English state examination (ESE) were administered to 496 Grade 12 secondary school students and a concurrent strategies questionnaire was used to elicit information on participants’ use of strategies during test writing (Katalayi & Sivasubramaniam, 2014). The findings indicate that, although the fifty item questions cover the whole range of reading construct by targeting all the processing levels; there is, however, a predominance of items that require text processing at higher level than those items that require text processing at lower level. This is to suggest that since the ESE includes higher level test items it does not reflect the context of the ESE; and therefore, it is untenable in the educational practices of language teaching and testing.
The Problems and Suggestions on Education of Transition from Kindergarten to Primary School in Zhoushan City
Authors: Guo Nvjie , Lu Jingjing , Chen Zhijie , Xiao Han 
Published: July 2018

Education transition from kindergarten to primary school is an educational process, and it is also an important turning point in child development. Physical and mental developments of children are different in kindergarten and primary school. It is important to make a smooth transition from kindergarten to primary school, in order to promote sustainable development and improve education quality. The Learning and Developing Guidelines for 3-6 Child stipulates Kindergarten should work in close cooperation with family and community, connect with primary school, make good use of all education resources, and create favorable conditions for child development together .Our research group took six months to survey the implementation of education of transition from kindergarten to primary school in Zhoushan. Using the methods of field trips, interview and questionnaire, our group gathered the real, effective information and data to identify the problems about transition, and give some reasonable suggestions.
PELESTARIAN KONSEP KESETARAAN, KETERBUKAAN DAN RELASI ANTARA MANUSIA DAN LINGKUNGAN DI KALANGAN GENERASI MUDA BATAK TOBA DI JAKARTA
Authors: Siahaan Rita Maria , Darmojuwono Setiawati , Ajie Muhammad Arie Andiko 
Published: July 2018

Indonesian society is multicultural and multilingual. Dialects in Indonesia have a lot of indigenous concepts, which are important for the nation building. In a multilingual society, language contact means that languages with small repertoire can be dominated by languages with larger repertoire (Romaine 2000). The Batak Toba language has concepts about egalitarianism, transparency and harmonizes relation between human being and environment. Most of young Batak Toba generation, who were born and who are living in Jakarta do not speak well Batak Toba language. There is a language shift among them, although they do not speak Batak Toba language, they still master the world views of Batak Toba culture.
COMMUNITY POLICING IN BORDER COMMUNITIES
Authors: Boluža Inese 
Published: July 2018

Community orientated policing is widely held as the relatively new and interesting philosophy for Latvian policing. For the fifteen years the community policing movement has been gaining momentum acquiring the support of politicians, reformers, and the society. Unfortunately there are problems that continually plague the philosophy of community policing. Some of the largest obstacles that police organizations face with the community policing program are the initial implementation and understanding of community policing, the ability to change and adapt to the new format of policing, and the acceptance.As part reform programs, State police of Latvia seek to introduce community policing. There is no clear or consistent definition of what constitutes a community policing programme. However, most community policing initiatives aim to improve relations between the police and residents, engage community members or civic organizations in evaluation of police services, and expand information sharing. Community policing control activities are not always linked to police reform initiatives; somestimes the two activities occur simultaneously in isolation on each other. There have been more increasing attempts to link or find synergies between control initiatives and realised programs, especially (community-based) weapons collection programs and disarmament and demobilization projects. Policing reform has been a rather neglected area of security sector reform that has been addressed on an ad hoc basis. Some analysts see the need to reduce the number of firearms in circulation as a way to improve public security, and thus training in the management of safeguarding police stockpiles, keeping accurate inventories of weapons and appropriate weapons handling need to be reinforced.Public safety cannot be taken for granted. It can only be achieved not only through the professionalism of our finest, but through successful collaboration with their neighboring counterparts as well. They all deserve our respect and gratitude, and not calumny and frivolous criticisms.
EFFECT OF COOPERATION WITH THE EUROPEAN AGENCY FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF OPERATIONAL COOPERATION AT THE EXTERNAL BORDERS OF THE MEMBER STATES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION (FRONTEX) ON THE FACILITATION OF TRAINING PROCESS OF THE LATVIAN STATE BO
Authors: Arbidāne Iluta , Lobanovs Aleksejs , Pokule Viktorija , Liepiņš Arvīds 
Published: July 2018

The research focuses on major cooperation directions established between the State Border Guard of Latvia and the European Agency FRONTEX. It deals with the legal regulation of SBG and FRONTEX cooperation, depicts and analyses SBG and FRONTEX cooperation in the field of training as well as explores the main pillars of SBG and FRONTEX cooperation development perspectives. The aim of the research is to investigate how SBG cooperation with the Agency for the Management of Operational Cooperation at the External Borders of the Member States of the European Union (Frontex) influences the increase of SBG officers’ capacity regarded in carrying out their functions. The main tasks that were brought up are as follows: to investigate the legal regulation of SBG and FRONTEX cooperation as well as to analyse the main directions of SBG and FRONTEX cooperation in the training process of the officers, finally, to study perspectives of SBG and FRONTEX cooperation development aiming at officers’ capacity building. The key methods employed in the framework of this research are: descriptive method, analysis and synthesis, clustering, graphical method.
Academic goals in blind and partially sighted students: a differential analysis and goal profiles
Authors: Jover Irene , Navas Leandro , Holgado-Tello Francisco Pablo 
Published: July 2018

The present work was based on goal orientation theory, that represent the reasons to perform a task and the criteria to evaluate it. However, few studies have explored goal orientations in students with visual impairment. The objective of this study was to determine whether the goals pursued by blind students different from those of partially sighted students. Participants comprised 171 students, from different stages of the education system (from Primary Education to University Education) with ages between 8 and 27 years old, of which 109 were blind, and 62 partial visual impairment, which respond to an adaptation of the Achievement Goal Tendencies Questionnaire. The results indicate that students with total visual impairment have lower average scores on social reinforcement goals, not in contrast to learning goals, achievement goals and performance goals, where no significant differences were found. Three different goal orientation profiles were obtained. The first stands out for obtaining high scores in learning goals; the subjects of the second group are defined by obtaining high scores in learning goals, social reinforcement goals and performance goals; and the subjects of the third group are characterized by their low scores on learning goal, social reinforcement goals and achievement goals. The results of the discriminant analyses show that there are differences in these profiles depending on the degree of visual disability and that the achievement goals do not have discriminating power. These findings have educational implications as regards motivation.
Naturaleza e Ineficacia Institucional en la América Española
Authors: Umbarila Rodríguez José Ignacio 
Published: July 2018

Este capítulo es la pieza central del trabajo de mi tesis doctoral Breve historia del derecho constitucional hispanoamericano. Disonancia con su práctica institucional por incardinarse en la historiografía de las instituciones públicas y privadas de la América hispana, aspecto en que radica toda la problemática que ha impedido su transición a un moderno modelo de Estado, con breves excepciones como el caso de Chile, espacio desde el que se sustenta nuestra tesis puesto que como se irá evidenciando, la arquitectura constitucional de las instituciones es manifiestamente divergente de su funcionamiento. Pretendemos lograr la aproximación semántica, sintáctica y realista del vocablo institución, con entidad suficiente que trascienda su condición histórica de simple resultante de la producción legislativa y desarrollo cultural de una comunidad, para demostrar que el sistema legal que rige a estas sociedades no ha representado, ni representa, el interés colectivo ni materializa el bienestar común, y también hacer patente desde esa comprensión la inviabilidad e ineficacia de los mecanismos reguladores de la sociedad denominados instituciones públicas. De otro lado, prescindimos de cualquier axioma positivista kelseniano, en el que la cohesión social solo se puede lograr de manera coercitiva en cumplimiento de los mandatos contenidos en las normas, pues demostraremos que hay pegamentos más fuertes como son los de una adecuada formación que incentive valores sociales en un escenario realmente democrático y tiendan a preservar el derecho natural por excelencia, el de la libertad. Es de advertir que el análisis de este capítulo es crítico como en general lo es todo el trabajo, basado en un método ceñido a razonamientos inductivos y verificables, sin recurrir exclusivamente a premisas para llegar a conclusiones mecanizadas o moduladas, por el contrario, intentamos llegar a ellas a través del análisis estadístico e histórico aunado a lo observable.
Autonomous Learning Writing Promoted by the Use of Facebook Group
Authors: Razali Khairil 
Published: July 2018

In aglobalized world, internet facilities and social media are becoming increasingly important and take a strategic role in most of human activities. One of them is in the education and learning sector. This qualitative research explored the role of a Facebook group to increase students' autonomy in learning writing. The experiment was conducted with qualitative methodology to 6 students as a sample. The process of data collection is done through the media Facebook group which was developed during the data collection through observation and interviews. The research lasted for 30(thirty) days in which researchers became the administrator and facilitator. From the process of collecting and analyzing the data assumed that Facebook group influenced the autonomy and promote independent of students learning in writing. Keywords: Facebook group ; Students autonomy ; Learning writing
Using Realia to Teach Physically Disabled Students in Writing Descriptive Texts
Authors: M. Zain Noorma Fitriana 
Published: July 2018

This case study is focused on teaching descriptive texts by using realia. The writer took the 8th grade students of SMPLB Negeri Ungaran as the subjects of the study. The aim of this research is to know the implementation of teaching descriptive texts that cover parts, qualities, and characteristics of the objects. This study was carried out around four meetings. In each meeting, the researcher observed the situation of the class and the setudents’ activities in that classroom. The data collection method used in the research was observation, interview, and documentation. In implementating the research, the researcher found several problems and difficulties in teaching learning processes. One of them is that, the teaching physically disabled students are not easy. It has to be slowly because the students’ ability in writing the lesson is limited. The other problem comes from the teacher him/herself that never uses media or tools to teach physically disabled students. It is a matter of fact that teaching physically disabled students needs media to make them easily understand the learning materials. One of the media that could be used is realia. From this research it is expected that the problems could be solved and a new paradigm in teaching descriptive texts for disabled students could be considered.Keywords : Descriptive Texts; Physically Disabled Students; Realia
The Use of a Write-Pair-Square Strategy to Improve The Students’ Active Participation in Writing Descriptive Text
Authors: Siti Margiyanti Dwi Arni 
Published: July 2018

Many problems faced by students in participating in the classroom and writing a text. This study discussed the use of write-pair-square strategy to improve the students’ active participation in writing descriptive text. The objectives of the study are to find out the implementation of write-pair-square in teaching descriptive text and to investigate the improvement of students’ participation and writing achievement after being taught by using write-pair-square strategy. The research focused on teaching of descriptive text by using write-pair-square as the strategy. The subjects are SMA Kesatrian 2 Semarang students. This study used Classroom Action Research that was carried out through a pre-test, first and second cycle activities. The result showed that the students’ progress of participation improved. The average score of pre-test was 11.27, post-test 1 was 20.13, and post-test 2 was 30.24. It also showed that students’ mastering descriptive improved. The average achievement of students’ pretest was63.27, First cycle test was70.23and post test was 77.66. According to this study, I conclude that teaching descriptive text by using write-pair-square as the strategy is helpful for students. It is recommended for English teachers to use Write-pair-square as the strategy for students’ improvement of their writing skill. Keywords: Teaching Descriptive Text; Write-Pair-Square; Active Participation
The Analysis of English Word Formations Used on Brand Names Found in Indonesian Products
Authors: Giyatmi Giyatmi , Hastuti Endang Dwi , Wijayava Ratih , Arumi Sihindun 
Published: July 2018

This research aims at describing how brand names with English inIndonesian products are created. To analyze the data found theresearchers applied English word formation in English morphology. Thisis a descriptive research. The data were brand names using English foundin Indonesian product which were taken from three supermarkets in Solonamely Hypermart Solo Grand Mall, Hypermart Gorro Assalam, andCarefur from February up to April 2010. The research found that thebrand names with English in Indonesian products can be created byapplying word formation such as compounding, blending, affixation,reduplication, onomatopoeia, abbreviation, acronym and clipping. Theprocess of compounding consists of pure compounding and modificationcompounding, The process of blending includes the first syllable of thefirst words and the first syllable of the second words, the first syllable ofthe first words and the second syllable from the front of the secondwords., the first words and the last syllables of the second words, the firstwords and two syllables from the front of the second words, twosyllables from the front of the first words and the second words, twosyllables from the front of the first words and the first syllable of thesecond words, the first words and the two last syllables from the back ofthe second words, and the first words and the first syllables of the second words. The affixation process covers prefixes pro-, -bio and suffixes –y, -er, -ness, -ish, and –s. The process of reduplication includes puremodification, modification with intensifier meaning and reduplicationwith sound change. The process of abbreviation found is pureabbreviation and acronym. The process of clipping includes the clippingof letter and syllables. Keywords: Brand names; English word formation
How accurate is the urine dipstick test for diagnosing urinary tract infection?
Authors: Paydaş Hataysal Esra , Saraçlıgil Beyza , Türk Dağı Hatice , Vatansev Hüsamettin 
Published: July 2018

Objectives: Urine dipstick is the first
step laboratory test to diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) which is a common
infectious disease diagnosed
in the laboratories. Early treatment of UTI is very important in order to
prevent long-term complications. The gold standard to diagnose UTI is urine
culture so there are a number of unnecessary urine culture requests. However, urine culture results are not available
earlier than 24-36 hours. Besides, urine culture is expensive and causes
time-consuming of treatment. Our aim in this study was to compare urine
leukocyte esterase test and nitrite test of urine dipstick with urine culture to determinate the sensitivity,
specificity, positive predictive value
(PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV). Methods: Urine culture results and urine dipstick test results
of patients who admitted to Selçuk University Hospital between May 2016 and May
2017 were collected retrospectively. The study included 11.169 patients and
3299 of them have positive urine cultures. Results: In total, 3299 (29.5%) patients
have positive urine culture. Out of these culture positive samples, positive
dipstick results’ ratios for leukocyte esterase and nitrite were 82.8% (n =
2733) and 22.4% (n = 774). Leukocyte esterase had
82.8% sensitivity and 68.1% specificity, with PPVs and NPVs of 52.1% and 90.5%,
respectively. Conclusions: The NPVs are found significantly higher than PPVs
and it shows that urinary dipstick is more reliable to exclude disease than to
diagnose the disease. Clinicians should not order urine culture from all
patients without ant clinic signs.
Identidad y narrativas de profesionales en condiciones de subempleo en Bolivia
Authors: Aráoz Cutipa Raúl Alejandro 
Published: July 2018

La profesión como sinónimo de movilidad social y estabilidad económica está en entredicho, la actividad profesional se ve marcada por la presencia de contratos que eluden y disfrazan la relación obrero/patronal, generando espirales de fuerza laboral que terminan en condiciones de subempleo, luego de describir la situación de los profesionales mediante un análisis de contenido, se responde a la pregunta ¿qué lleva al profesional a seguir aceptando las condiciones así ofrecidas? Este estudio permite comprender cómo, las condiciones laborales de subempleo están sostenidas por la importancia otorgada a la condición de “ser profesional” debido a que esta circunstancia construye social, profesional y personal la identidad de los participantes. Al final se propone una reflexión sobre el papel de las universidades, empresas y gobiernos, sobre esta situación.
Keterangan Ahli Warga Negara Asing dalam Peradilan Pidana di Indonesia
Authors: Wandari Vika Ayu 
Published: July 2018

Proof plays an important role in the process of adjudication in the trial process. In the criminal process, proof requires the attendance of an expert, particularly when it deals with an expert from abroad to provide statements in the courts. This paper aims to show the importance of evidences in the Indonesian criminal law procedure in which the statement to be delivered by an expert from abroad. It will discuss the importance of expert’s statement from foreign citizen to help judges in the criminal justice system of Indonesia. To judges, the statement of an expert has a power characterised as free and non-binding evidence by which the judgement fully depends upon judges’ conviction. While a foreign citizen arrives in Indonesia designated as an expert to provide witness in the trial process in which he/she does not hold visa, judges cannot dispute his/her absence of visa , but they are only given a power to consider the statement of such expert. With regard to visa, it is not the responsible of judges or the court, but the Immigration Bureau.
Keywords: Proof, Evidence, Statement of Expert