bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-assessment of pubertal development in a puberty cohort
Authors: Ernst Andreas , Lauridsen Lea Lykke B. , Brix Nis , Kjersgaard Camilla , Olsen Jørn , Parner Erik T. , Clausen Niels , Olsen Lars Henning , Ramlau-Hansen Cecilia H. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Background
We evaluated the inter-rater agreement between self-assessed Tanner staging and clinical examination and the intra-individual agreement of self-assessed information on various puberty markers in late adolescents from the longitudinal nationwide Puberty Cohort, a sub-cohort of the Danish National Birth Cohort (DNBC).

Methods
We invited 715 children from the ongoing Puberty Cohort between June 2016 and January 2017. In total, 366 children (51%) returned an add-on questionnaire identical to the questionnaire used to collect information on puberty markers, including Tanner staging, in the Puberty Cohort. Of these, 197 (54%) also participated in a clinical examination with Tanner staging. We used percentage agreement and weighted kappa statistics to evaluate the inter-rater and intra-individual agreement.

Results
Due to late entry, more than 75% of children were Tanner stage 4 or above at clinical examination. In girls, the inter-rater agreement for pubic hair and breast staging was 54% and 52%, respectively, yielding weighted kappas of fair strength. In boys, pubic hair and genital staging agreed in 55% and 33%, respectively, corresponding to weighted kappas of fair to moderate strength. Boys tended to underestimate genitalia staging consistently. The intra-individual agreement on Tanner staging was 75–77% in girls and 69% in boys, whereas the intra-individual agreement on axillary hair and acne was above 92%.

Conclusions
Self-assessment of late stages of pubertal development may be misclassified, leading to random errors in studies of puberty timing. However, self-assessment continues to serve as an important time- and cost-saving tool in large prospective puberty cohorts.
Thromboprophylaxis in pregnant women with thrombophilia and a history of thrombosis
Authors: Akinshina Svetlana , Makatsariya Alexander , Bitsadze Victoria , Khizroeva Jamilya , Khamani Nadine 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Background
Despite intensive research, thromboembolism still accounts for significant maternal morbidity and mortality. We examined thrombophilia in patients with thromboembolism during pregnancy and evaluated the efficiency of antithrombotic prophylaxis in patients with thrombophilia for the prevention of recurrent thromboembolism.

Materials and methods
Sixty-eight women with a history of thromboembolism were managed during pregnancy, in light of their thrombotic history and the result of thrombophilia assessment. Group I (n=50) received prophylaxis with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH)±aspirin (50–100 mg/day) in preconception period or from the 1st trimester, during pregnancy and at least 6 weeks postpartum. Group II (n=18) received LMWH±aspirin from the II to III trimester.

Results
Thromboses were associated with pregnancy in 27 patients (39.7%), with systemic diseases – in nine (13.2%), oral contraceptives use – 22 (32.3%), immobilization due to surgery and/or trauma, long flight – six (8.9%), septic complications – two (2.9%). Nevertheless, 24.5% of patients had no apparent provoking factor for the development of thrombotic complications. Thirty-seven (54%) patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) had familial history of VTE, and 25 (36.7%) had personal history of pregnancy complications (fetal loss syndrome, preeclampsia and placental abruption) (P<0.05 vs. control). Thrombophilia was detected in 58 (85.3%). Usual thrombogenic polymorphisms [factor V (FV) Leiden and prothrombin G20210A, heterozygous forms] were revealed in 16 (23.5%) and eight (11.7%) patients, respectively. Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) circulation was found in 34 (50%) patients. Non-usual thrombogenic polymorphisms were identified in 44 (64.7%) of the women and hyperhomocysteinemia – in 30 (44.2%). In group I no one had severe obstetric complications. All the patients were delivered at term and all the babies were alive. In group II moderate-to-severe obstetric complications were noted: preeclampsia – in 11 (16.2%), severe preeclampsia – seven (10.3%), preterm delivery – in 18 (26.4%) patients from subgroup II (P<0.05).

Conclusions
Women with a personal or a family history of thromboembolism and obstetric complications should be screened for thrombophilia. Beginning anticoagulant therapy early in such patients is effective not only for preventing recurring thrombosis but also preventing obstetric complications. Late prophylaxis after the completion of the trophoblast invasion therapy is much less effective.
New localities, an update on the conservation status and ethnographic notes for the dingiso tree kangaroo, Dendrolagus mbaiso Flannery, Boeadi et Szalay (Diprotodontia: Macropodidae)
Authors: Wild Michael , Balke Michael 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Dendrolagus mbaiso is a very rare tree kangaroo (Macropodidae) that was previously only known from the high mountain moss forests of the southern and western slopes of the Sudirman Range of the Snow Mountains in Papua. Here, a northern range extension of D. mbaiso is reported from within the traditional area of the Wano people. It was found on elevations from 1500 m to 3600 m. We also provide ethnographic notes from the Wano people, notes on the sympatric occurrence of D. mbaiso with Dendrolagus dorianus and observations on the variation of the fur color.
Metal silicates: efficient catalysts for the three-component preparation of 2-amino-5-oxo-4-aryl-4,5-dihydroindeno[1,2-b]pyran-3-carbonitrile derivatives
Authors: Fazlinia Abbas , Sheikh Setareh 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
A highly efficient catalytic preparation of 2-amino-5-oxo-4-aryl-4,5-dihydroindeno[1,2-b]pyran-3-carbonitrile derivatives using different metal silicates was developed through a three-component reaction of malononitrile, aromatic aldehydes, and 1,3-indandione in high yields.
Crystal structure of ethyl 4-(3-cyanophenyl)-2,7,7-trimethyl-5-oxo-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydroquinoline-3-carboxylate, C22H24N2O3
Authors: Song Ji-Dong , Wang Li-Li 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
C22H24N2O3, orthorhombic, Pbca (no. 61), a = 15.333(11) Å, b = 14.146(11) Å, c = 17.640(13) Å, V = 3826(5) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0533, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1431, T = 296 K.
Crystal structure of 1,4-bis(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-ylmethyl)dihydro-1H,3H-furo[3,4-c]furan-3a(4H)-yl acetate, C22H20O8
Authors: Deng Rui , Zhao Chen-Liang , Ye Jiang-Hai , Liu Ya-Hua , Zou Juan , Pan Lu-Tai 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
C22H20O8, monoclinic, P21 (no. 4), a = 7.5482(10) Å, b = 7.0055(9) Å, c = 18.245(3) Å, β = 101.709(4)°, V = 944.7(2) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0444, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1199, T = 293(2) K.
Risk assessment
Authors: Kušić H. , Lončarić Božić A. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The chapter introduces risk assessment and examines the basic concepts of risk and hazard, their causes, consequences and probabilities. The methodology of environmental risk assessment including effect assessment, exposure assessment and risk estimation/characterisation is overviewed. Application of risk assessment for chemicals is described with regard to human health and the environment. Some of the commonly used techniques in risk assessments are introduced and illustrated by examples. Environmental risk assessment should provide input to the risk management so well-informed decisions can be made, to protect human health and the environment.
Polyoxometalate catalysts for biomass dissolution: understanding and design
Authors: Kelley Steven P. , Berton Paula , Metlen Andreas† , Rogers Robin D. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The use of polyoxometalate catalysts for selective delignification of biomass presents a possible route toward using ionic liquids (ILs) to efficiently obtain high-molecular weight biopolymers from biomass. Rapid progress in this area will depend on recognizing and using the link with already well-developed inorganic chemistry in ILs pursued outside the field of biomass processing. Here, we use crystal structures determined from single crystal X-ray diffraction to better understand the behavior of [PV2Mo10O40]5-, a polyoxometalate catalyst known for its ability to promote selective delignification of biomass in the IL 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([C2mim][OAc]). The crystal structure of [C2mim]5[PV2Mo10O40]·THF shows the formation of cationic shells around the anions which are likely representative of the interactions of this catalyst with [C2mim][OAc] itself. The reaction of NH4VO3 with [C2mim][OAc] is explored to better understand the chemistry of vanadium(V), which is critical to redox catalysis of [PV2Mo10O40]5-. This reaction gives crystals of [C2mim]4[V4O12], showing that this IL forms discrete metavanadates which are obtained from aqueous solutions in a specific pH range and indicating that the basicity of [OAc]- dominates the speciation of vanadium (V) in this IL.
Radioactivity levels and health risks due to radionuclides in the soil and sediment of mid-Black Sea: Kızılırmak Deltas-Turkey
Authors: Arıman Sema , Gümüş Hasan 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Artificial and natural radionuclide pollutants of the marine environment have been recognized as a serious environmental concern. In this study, the activity concentrations of terrestrial and anthropogenic radionuclides in the soil and sediment samples collected from Bafra Kızılırmak Delta were measured by using gamma spectrometry with an NaI (Tl) detector. The average specific of activity concentrations for 238U, 232Th and 40K were found to be 28.59, 17.48 and 150.59 Bq kg−1, respectively. On the other hand, 137Cs was also measured in some samples. 137Cs (t1/2=30.17 years) is a man-made radionuclide released from nuclear fission and activation processes. It has a mean value of 5.32 Bq kg−1. From the activity concentrations, the radium equivalent activity (Raeq), the absorbed gamma dose rates (DR), the annual gonadal dose equivalent, annual effective dose equivalent, internal (Hin), external hazard index (Hex) and excess lifetime cancer risk were estimated. This study can be used as a base line for future investigations and the data obtained in this study may be useful for natural radioactivity mapping and also be used as a reference data for monitoring possible radioactivity pollutions in future.
Highly sensitive fluid sensing due to slow light in pillar-based photonic crystal ring resonators
Authors: Jannesari Reyhaneh , Grille Thomas , Jakoby Bernhard 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
A design for a high quality factor photonic crystal ring resonator (PCRR) is presented. The PCRR is based on pillar type photonic crystals, which consist of a hexagonal array of silicon rods. The cavity is created by removing elements from the regular photonic crystal (PhC) grid. Achieving strong confinement of light intensity in the low index region is the advantage of this PCRR. In that manner, the interaction of light and analyte, which can be a liquid or a gas, will be enhanced. The high quality factor of the cavity (

Q
=
1.0229
×

10

5

Q=1.0229\times {10}^{5}

), along with strong overlap between the field of the resonant mode and the analyte as well as the low group velocity of PCRR modes yield enhanced light-matter interaction. An enhancement factor of

γ
=
2.127
×

10

4

\gamma =2.127\times {10}^{4}

compared to the bulk light absorption in a homogenous material provides the potential for highly sensitive gas detection with a photonic crystal ring resonator.
Lignin and Lignin Based Materials for the Removal of Heavy Metals from Waste Water-An Overview
Authors: Naseer Ayesha , Jamshaid Anum , Hamid Almas , Muhammad Nawshad , Ghauri Moinuddin , Iqbal Jibran , Rafiq Sikander , khuram Shahzad , Shah Noor Samad 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Water Pollution through heavy metals is the concerned issue as many industries like tanning, steel production and electroplating are the major contributors. Various toxic Heavy metals are a matter of concern as they have severe environmental and health effects. Most commonly, conventional methods are using to remove these heavy metals like precipitation, ion exchange, which are not economical and have disposal issues. Adsorption of heavy metals by different low-cost adsorbents seems to be the best option in wastewater treatment. Many agricultural by-products proved to be suitable as low-cost adsorbents for removing heavy metals efficiently in a minimum time. Lignin residues that involves both agricultural and wood residues and sometimes separated out from black liquor through precipitation have adsorption capacity and affinity comparable to other natural adsorbents. However, lignin as bio adsorbents have the advantage of less cost and gives efficient adsorption results. This study is a review of the recent literature on the use of natural lignin residues for heavy metals adsorption under different experimental scenarios.
CORL Expression and Function in Insulin Producing Neurons Reversibly Influences Adult Longevity in Drosophila
Authors: Tran Nancy L , Goldsmith Samuel L , Dimitriadou Agapi , Takaesu Norma T , Consoulas Christos , Newfeld Stuart J 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
CORL proteins (known as SKOR in mice, Fussel in humans and fussel in Flybase) are a family of CNS specific proteins related to Sno/Ski oncogenes. Their developmental and adult roles are largely unknown. A Drosophila CORL (dCORL) reporter gene is expressed in all Drosophila insulin-like peptide 2 (dILP2) neurons of the pars intercerebralis (PI) of the larval and adult brain. The transcription factor Drifter is also expressed in the PI in a subset of dCORL and dILP2 expressing neurons and in several non-dILP2 neurons. dCORL mutant virgin adult brains are missing all dILP2 neurons that do not also express Drifter. This phenotype is also seen when expressing dCORL-RNAi in neurosecretory cells of the PI. dCORL mutant virgin adults of both sexes have a significantly shorter lifespan than their parental strain. This longevity defect is completely reversed by mating (lifespan increases over 50% for males and females). Analyses of dCORL mutant mated adult brains revealed a complete rescue of dILP2 neurons without Drifter. Taken together, the data suggest that dCORL participates in a neural network connecting the insulin signaling pathway, longevity and mating. The conserved sequence and CNS specificity of all CORL proteins imply that this network may be operating in mammals.
Patterns and prevalence of canine anomalies in orthodontic patients
Authors: Jain Sandhya , Debbarma Sharmila 
Published: July 2018

Objective. The aim of the present study was to present detailed information regarding the impacted maxillary and mandibular canines and their patterns of presentation into the oral cavity and to evaluate the prevalence of different canine anomalies, such as ectopic canine, transmigration, transposition and agenesis of permanent canines among central Indian population.
Method. A total of 1593 patients OPG’s were thoroughly evaluated and the prevalence of different canine anomalies like impacted maxillary and mandibular canine, transmigration, transposition, agenesis and ectopic canine eruptions were evaluated. The canine angulation, vertical position in relation to occlusal surface of adjacent tooth’s and the overlapping of adjacent teeth’s crown by impacted canine was evaluated by tracings.
Result. Out of 1593 subjects, 22 patients had impacted canines. The prevalence of canine impaction was1.38%, with maxillary canine impaction of 0.93%, mandibular canine impaction of 0.37%, canine agenesis 0.06%, transmigration 0.12%, canine transposition 0.18% and the ectopic canine was 5.5%.
Conclusion. There is no gender difference in canine impaction. The prevalence of canine impaction is 1.38%.
Similitudes y diferencias de los Tribunales Ad-Hoc para Ruanda y la ex -Yugoslavia desde una perspectiva feminista = Similarities and differences of the Ad-Hoc tribunals for Rwanda and the former Yugoslavia from a feminist perspective
Authors: Rodríguez-Saavedra Ángela María 
Published: July 2018

RESUMEN: El presente artículo tiene por objetivo analizar desde una perspectiva feminista las similitudes y diferencias existentes entre los Tribunales Ad-hoc para Ruanda y la Antigua Yugoslavia relacionados con los crímenes relativos a violencia sexual y violación. Analizando los componentes que afectan la determinación de dichos crímenes como son el consentimiento y el contexto y su tipificación internacional: Genocidio y lesa humanidad. ABSTRACT: The present article aims to analyze from a feminist point of view the similarities and differences between the Ad-hoc Tribunals for Rwanda and the former Yugoslavia related sexual violence and rape crimes. PALABRAS CLAVE: Ruanda, Ex-Yugoslavia, violencia sexual, lesa humanidad, genocidio, violación, consentimiento, contexto. KEYWORDS: Rwanda, Ex- Yugoslavia, sexual violence, crimes against humanity, genocide, rape, contentment, coercion, context.
Cognitive profile of long-term abstinent alcoholics in comparison with non-alcoholics
Authors: Romero-Martínez Ángel , Vitoria-Estruch Sara , Moya-Albiol Luis 
Published: July 2018

Scarce studies have focused on the cognitive profile of chronic alcoholic men after long-term abstinence. Thus, we examined neuropsychological differences between long-term abstinent alcoholics for an average of 3.2 years (n = 40, LTAA; age = 45.55 ± 8.99) and matched for socio-demographic variables with non-alcoholic controls (n = 39; age = 42.05 ± 11.33). To this aim, we employed a neuropsychological assessment battery covered relevant cognitive domains: IQ, memory, attention, executive functions and empathy. LTAA presented deficits in abstract reasoning, speed processing, sustained attention, working and long-term memory (verbal and visuospatial), cognitive flexibility, inhibition and planning. Although our results must be interpreted with caution because of the cross-sectional nature of our study, it may offer a broader knowledge and understanding of alcohol-related socio-cognitive deficits after long-term abstinence. These deficits might entail risk factors for relapse in alcohol consumption, as they may interfere with recording therapeutic advice and internalizing the verbal material presented in rehabilitation programs. In turn, these impair the global efficacy of alcohol-relapse prevention programs. Hence, this knowledge could be applicable in guiding the development of early coadjutant treatments.
The influence of cigarrette-smoking when choosing a partner for a casual, intimate relationship
Authors: Amigo Vázquez Isaac , Álvarez Fernández María , Secades-Villa Roberto 
Published: July 2018

Attitudes towards smoking have changes in recent years and it would appear that, whereas for many years cigarette-smoking was associated with a certain physical attractive and sex appeal, this may no longer be the case. The aim of this study is to analyse whether smoking has a favourable or unfavourable effect when approaching a potential partner for a casual, intimate relationship. A total of 597 participants (293 non-smokers, 163 ex-smokers and 141 smokers) were recruited by means of intentional sampling to participate in this study, using the “snowball” technique. Three different ad hoc questionnaires were used for each of the groups of participants The results showed that, in the majority of the sample studied, smoking had a dissuasive effect with regard to establishing a relationship of this type, both amongst men and women and in the different age groups. For this type of relationship, particiants prefered non-smokers people. These results could be of great value when developing preventative and therapeutic interventions focused on the habit of smoking.
Electricity Price of Hybrid Power System and Decision Making of Renewable Energy Investment Capacity
Authors: Xie Jiaping , Zhang Weisi , Xia Yu , Liang Ling , Kong Lingcheng 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
In the existing electricity market, the traditional power suppliers and renewable energy generators coexist in the power supply side. In the power supply side, renewable energy generators generate power by wind and other natural conditions, leading renewable energy output a certain randomness. However, the low marginal generating cost and the reduction of carbon emissions, and thus brings a certain advantage for renewable energy compared to alternative energy. Electricity, as a special commodity, stable and adequate power supply is a necessary guarantee for economic and social development. Power shortage situation is not allowed in the power system, and the extra power needs to be handled for the purpose of safety. In this paper, the hybrid power generated by renewable energy generators and traditional energy generators is used as power supply, and then the electricity market sells hybrid power to electricity consumers, the hybrid power system determines the optimal daytime price, nighttime price, and the optimal installed capacity of the renewable energy suppliers. We find that the installed capacity of renewable energy increases first and then decreases with the increase of the price sensitivity coefficient of traditional energy supply. Electricity demand is negatively related to electricity price in the current period, and is positively related to price in the other period. The average price of day and night is only related to the total potential demand of day and night and the total generation probability of renewable energy. The price difference between daytime and nighttime is positively related to potential electricity demand, and negatively related to the sensitivity coefficient of electricity price.
Inhibition of Yeast Growth by Tryptamine and Recovery with Tryptophan
Authors: Kadkol Chandrika , Macreadie Ian 
Published: July 2018

Background:Tryptamine, a biogenic monoamine that is present in trace levels in the mammalian central nervous system, has probable roles as a neurotransmitter and/or a neuromodulator and may be associated with various neuropsychiatric disorders. One of the ways tryptamine may affect the body is by the competitive inhibition of the attachment of tryptophan to tryptophanyl tRNA synthetases.Methods:This study has explored the effects of tryptamine on growth of six yeast species (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida glabrata, C. krusei, C. dubliniensis, C. tropicalis and C. lusitaniae) in media with glucose or ethanol as the carbon source, as well as recovery of growth inhibition by the addition of tryptophan.Results:Tryptamine was found to have an inhibitory effect on respiratory growth of all yeast species when grown with ethanol as the carbon source. Tryptamine also inhibited fermentative growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, C. krusei and C. tropicalis with glucose as the carbon source. In most cases the inhibitory effects were reduced by added tryptophan.Conclusion:The results obtained in this study are consistent with tryptamine competing with tryptophan to bind mitochondrial and cytoplasmic tryptophanyl tRNA synthetases in yeast: effects on mitochondrial and cytoplasmic protein synthesis can be studied as a function of growth with glucose or ethanol as a carbon source. Of the yeast species tested, there is variation in the sensitivity to tryptamine and the rescue by tryptophan. The current study suggests appropriate yeast strains and approaches for further studies.