bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased pain and sensory hyperinnervation of the ligamentum flavum in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis
Authors: Benditz Achim , Sprenger Svenja , Rauch Luise , Weber Markus , Grifka Joachim , Straub Rainer H. 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTNociceptive sensory nerve fibers have never been investigated in the ligamentum flavum (LF) of patients with LSS. The aim was to analyze nociceptive sensory nerve fibers in the ligamentum flavum (LF) of patients with LSS. A prospective study in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) undergoing invasive surgical treatment for lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) with flavectomy was performed. Patients with LSS were subjected to flavectomy and density of sensory and sympathetic nerve fibers, macrophages, vessels, activated fibroblasts, and cells were investigated by immunostaining techniques. A group of patients with acute disc herniation served as control group. We found a higher density of sensory nerve fibers in LSS patients versus controls. These findings support the role of LF in associated low back pain. Density of sensory nerve fibers in LSS, was positively correlated with typical markers of clinical pain and functional disability, but not with LF density of activated fibroblasts. Inflammation as estimated by macrophage infiltration and higher vascularity does not play a marked role in LF in our LSS patients. In the present study, compared to men with LSS, women with LSS demonstrate more pain and depression, and show a higher density of sensory nerve fibers in LF. This study shed new light on nociceptive nerve fibers, which are increased in LSS compared to controls. The findings speak against a strong inflammatory component in LSS. A higher pain levels in women compared to men can be explained by a higher density of nociceptive nerve fibers. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 9999:1–7, 2019.
Preparative mass‐spectrometry profiling of minor concentrated metabolites in Salicornia gaudichaudiana Moq by high‐speed countercurrent chromatography and off‐line electrospray mass‐spectrometry injection
Authors: Costa Fernanda das Neves , Borges Ricardo Moreira , Leitão Gilda Guimarães , Jerz Gerold 
Published: February 2019

AbstractSalicornia species have just been introduced to the European market as a vegetable named ‘samphire’, ‘green asparagus’, or ‘sea asparagus’. Due to its increasing attention, and associated value, minor compounds of Salicornia gaudichaudiana Moq were investigated. The use of countercurrent chromatography and mass spectrometry enabled the search for known, as well as potentially novel natural products. Their identification was achieved based on molecular weights and mass‐spectrometric fragmentation data. Low detection limits enabled the visualization of all compounds with their identification in almost real time close to the preparative countercurrent chromatography experiment. A list of known natural products from Salicornia genus guided the identification process of compounds occurring in Salicornia gaudichaudiana Moq by tandem mass spectrometry fragment comparison. The natural product classes were divided into four groups: chlorogenic acid derivatives; flavonoid derivatives; pentacyclic triterpenoid saponins; and other compounds.
Risk for Revictimization Following Interpersonal and Noninterpersonal Trauma: Clarifying the Role of Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Trauma‐Related Cognitions
Authors: Jaffe Anna E. , DiLillo David , Gratz Kim L. , Messman‐Moore Terri L. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractOne victimization experience can increase the risk for subsequent victimization, which is known as revictimization. The aims of this study were to build on sexual revictimization research by (a) broadening the understanding of revictimization to interpersonal (and potentially noninterpersonal) trauma generally and (b) gaining specificity in the mechanisms that underlie revictimization. Using a prospective multisite design, an ethnically and racially diverse sample of 453 young women from the community (age range: 18–25 years, 60.7% European American) completed an initial survey and at least one follow‐up survey within the subsequent year. Participants completed self‐report measures of trauma history, posttraumatic stress symptoms, and maladaptive posttraumatic cognitions. Structural equation models revealed that interpersonal revictimization was observed when controlling for past noninterpersonal trauma, odds ratio (OR) = 2.27, 95% CI [1.23, 4.18], and supported the role of posttraumatic stress symptoms as a mechanism underlying such revictimization, 95% CI of indirect effect (IE) [0.08, 0.51]. Additionally, a history of noninterpersonal trauma (controlling for past interpersonal trauma) increased risk of subsequent interpersonal victimization via posttraumatic stress symptoms, 95% CI of IE [0.01, 0.38]. Notably, however, when maladaptive cognitions were included as mediators in addition to posttraumatic stress symptoms, the only unique indirect effect was for the association between interpersonal trauma and risk of revictimization specifically through perceived threat of harm, 95% CI of IE [0.05, 0.20]. These findings suggest that efforts to reduce interpersonal revictimization should target maladaptive posttraumatic cognitions, particularly perceptions of threat in the environment.
Evolving Trends in Liver Transplant for Metabolic Liver Disease in the United States
Authors: McKiernan Patrick J. , Ganoza Armando , Squires James E. , Squires Robert H. , Vockley Jerry , Mazariegos George , Soltys Kyle , Sun Qing , Sindhi Rakesh 
Published: February 2019

Indications for liver transplantation (LT) in metabolic disease are evolving. We reviewed the US experience with primary LT for metabolic disease in the Scientific Registry for Transplant Recipients (October 1987 to June 2017) to determine the following: temporal changes in indications, longterm outcomes, and factors predicting survival. Patients were grouped by the presence of structural liver disease (SLD) and whether the defect was confined to the liver. There were 5996 patients who underwent LT for metabolic disease, 2354 (39.3%) being children. LT for metabolic disease increased in children but not in adults. Children experienced a 6‐fold increase in LT for metabolic disease without SLD. Indications for LT remained stable in adults. Living donor liver transplantation increased between era 1 and era 3 from 5.6% to 7.6% in children and 0% to 4.5% in adults. Patient and graft survival improved with time. The latest 5‐year patient survival rates were 94.5% and 81.5% in children and adults, respectively. Outcomes were worse in adults and in those with extrahepatic disease (P < 0.01), whereas SLD did not affect outcomes. Survival improved with younger age at LT until age <2 years. On multivariate analysis, diagnostic category, inpatient status, age at LT, and transplant era significantly predicted outcomes in all ages with male sex predicting survival in childhood only. Children without structural disease were less likely to die awaiting LT and had improved post‐LT survival compared with children with chronic liver disease. In conclusion, LT for metabolic disease is increasingly used for phenotypic correction in children; extrahepatic manifestations significantly impact survival at all ages; where indicated, transplantation should not be unnecessarily delayed; and the development of new allocation models may be required.
Ultraporous Membranes Electrospun from Nonsolvent‐Induced Phase‐Separated Ternary Systems
Authors: Rezabeigi Ehsan , Demarquette Nicole R. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractElectrospinning of nonsolvent‐induced phase‐separated ternary (NIPST) systems has gained a lot of interest due to its potential to produce (nano)fibers, which are superficially and internally porous with nanoscale surface roughness. Membranes produced from such systems are expected to have a high specific surface area (SSA; e.g., more than 50 m2 g−1), an essential requirement for many of their applications. In spite of their advantages and potential, there are major issues regarding the electrospinning of NIPST systems that are not systematically addressed in the literature. In this paper, the most recent developments are reported and the potential and challenges associated with the electrospinning of NIPST systems are discussed. Furthermore, the essential steps to improve and optimize the electrospinning process of these systems are concisely discussed. By developing a modified time‐dependent rheological model, a time range can be defined for NIPST systems as “electrospinnability window,” in which fiber functionality and characteristics can be tailored through aging of the systems prior to electrospinning. Some potential post‐treatment processes are also proposed based on the results of recent studies to stabilize as‐electrospun membranes without damaging their highly porous fibers, which can guarantee their in‐service mechanical and morphological stability.
Healthcare decision‐making applications using multicriteria decision analysis: A scoping review
Authors: Glaize Annabelle , Duenas Alejandra , Di Martinelly Christine , Fagnot Isabelle 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe objective of this study is to review applications of multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) methods to provide structure for and practical insights on how MCDA methods are applied in different healthcare areas. Four databases (Embase, Medline, Web of Science, and PubMed) were searched from 1980 to February 7, 2018. A scoping review was performed to outline the most frequently applied MCDA methods, in which only case studies were considered, as the objective was to assess the applications of MCDA methods. Seventy case studies were selected. The review showed that the first real‐life application was published in 1990. With regard to areas of application, three aspects were analysed: type of health services (public or private), type of intervention (preventive, diagnostic, or treatment), and healthcare area (policymaking; resource allocation; health technology assessment; pharmaceutics; and hospital, clinical, or patient level). Data revealed that MCDA was principally used in public health services (n = 59). Three types of interventions were identified: prevention (n = 36), diagnosis (n = 32), and treatment (n = 2). An MCDA process of application was then followed to provide practical insights. During the problem‐structuring phase, results showed that processes for selecting stakeholders and criteria differed among healthcare areas. For model building, authors preferred value measurement methods and especially the analytical hierarchy process. Authors of the 70 case studies included and confirmed the usefulness of MCDA in different healthcare contexts. The stakeholders, criteria, and MCDA methods chosen differ from one study to another, answering different research objectives in different healthcare areas. This scoping review highlights the importance of each MCDA step (using Belton and Stewart's framework), from problem structuring (including the selection of stakeholders) to the model building phase (encompassing the selection of the appropriate MCDA method). We recommend structured and justified analysis so that decision makers and stakeholders can feel confident during the application process in order to make final decisions more meaningful. Further work is needed to help researchers and decision makers when choosing a suitable MCDA method.
Molecular comparison of interval and screen‐detected breast cancers
Authors: Cheasley Dane , Li Na , Rowley Simone M , Elder Kenneth , Mann G Bruce , Loi Sherene , Savas Peter , Goode David L , Kader Tanjina , Zethoven Magnus , Semple Tim , Fox Stephen B , Pang Jia‐Min , Byrne David , Devereux Lisa , Nickson Carolyn , Procopio Pietro , Lee Grant , Hughes Siobhan , Saunders Hugo , Fujihara Kenji M , Kuykhoven Keilly , Connaughton Jacquie , James Paul A , Gorringe Kylie L , Campbell Ian G 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBreast cancer (BC) diagnosed after a negative mammogram but prior to the next screening episode is termed an 'interval BC' (IBC). Understanding the molecular differences between IBC and screen‐detected BCs (SDBC) could improve mammographic screening and management options. Therefore, we assessed both germline and somatic genomic aberrations in a prospective cohort. Utilising the Lifepool cohort of >54 000 women attending mammographic screening programs, 930 BC cases with screening status were identified (726 SDBC and 204 IBC). Clinico‐pathological and family history information were recorded. Germline and tumour DNA were collected where available and sequenced for BC predisposition and driver gene mutations. Compared to SDBC, IBCs were significantly associated with a younger age at diagnosis and tumour characteristics associated with worse prognosis. Germline DNA assessment of BC cases that developed post‐enrolment (276 SDBCs and 77 IBCs) for pathogenic mutations in 12 hereditary BC predisposition genes identified 8 carriers (2.27%). The germline mutation frequency was higher in IBC versus SDBC, although not statistically significant (3.90% versus 1.81%, p = 0.174). Comparing somatic genetic features of IBC and SDBC matched for grade, histological subtype and hormone receptor revealed no significant differences, with the exception of higher homologous recombination deficiency scores in IBC, and copy number changes on chromosome Xq in triple negative SDBCs. Our data demonstrates that while IBCs are clinically more aggressive than SDBC, when matched for confounding clinico‐pathological features they do not represent a unique molecular class of invasive BC, but could be a consequence of timing of tumour initiation and mammographic screening. Copyright © 2019 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Exploring new strategies for grafting binding peptides onto protein loops using a consensus‐designed tetratricopeptide repeat scaffold
Authors: Madden Sarah K. , Perez‐Riba Albert , Itzhaki Laura S. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPeptide display approaches, in which peptide epitopes of known binding activities are grafted onto stable protein scaffolds, have been developed to constrain the peptide in its bioactive conformation and to enhance its stability. However, peptide grafting can be a lengthy process requiring extensive computational modeling and/or optimisation by directed evolution techniques. In this study, we show that ultra‐stable consensus‐designed tetratricopeptide repeat (CTPR) proteins are amenable to the grafting of peptides that bind the Kelch‐like ECH‐associated protein 1 (Keap1) onto the loop between adjacent repeats. We explore simple strategies to optimize the grafting process and show that modest improvements in Keap1‐binding affinity can be obtained by changing the composition of the linker sequence flanking either side of the binding peptide.
A case of vitiligo cured with cucumber and sulfur
Authors: Liu Zhigang , Wang Ru , Zhang Chaohui , Guo Shanshan , Chen Peijie 
Published: February 2019

This study investigates a 42‐year‐old man who used sulfur powder adhered to cucumber slices to successfully self‐treat a vitiligo condition. The treatment has resulted in no recurrence of the disease for 21 years. We analyzed the mechanism of this folk prescription for vitiligo, concluding that the success of the self‐treatment may be mainly associated with hydrogen sulfide (H2S). The antibacterial activity of pentathionic acid (H2S5O6) and the antioxidant activity of cucumber might also play a role in the treatment.
Femtosecond Photon‐Mediated Plasma Enhances Photosynthesis of Plasmonic Nanostructures and Their SERS Applications
Authors: Ran Peng , Jiang Lan , Li Xin , Li Bo , Zuo Pei , Lu Yongfeng 
Published: February 2019

AbstractLaser ablation in liquid has proven to be a universal and green method to synthesize nanocrystals and fabricate functional nanostructures. This study demonstrates the superiority of femtosecond laser‐mediated plasma in enhancing photoredox of metal cations for controllable fabrication of plasmonic nanostructures in liquid. Through employing upstream high energetic plasma during laser‐induced microexplosions, single/three‐electron photoreduction of metallic cations can readily occur without chemical reductants or capping agents. Experimental evidences demonstrate that this process exhibits higher photon utilization efficiency in yield of colloidal metal nanoparticles than direct irradiation of metallic precursors. Photogenerated hydrated electrons derived from strong ionization of silicon and water are responsible for this enhanced consequences. Furthermore, these metallic nanoparticles are accessible to self‐assemble into nanoplates for silver and nanospheres for gold, favored by surface‐tension gradients between laser irradiated and unirradiated regions. These metallic nanostructures exhibit excellent surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy performance in trace detection of Rhodamine 6G (R6G), 4‐mercaptobenzoic acid (4‐MBA), and mercapto‐5‐nitrobenzimidazole molecules with high sensitivity (down to 10−12 mol L−1, 30 × 10−15
m for R6G), good reproducibility (relative standard deviation < 7%), and good dual‐analyte detection ability with mixture ratios of R6G to 4‐MBA ranging from 20 to 0.025. The conceptual importance of this plasma‐enhanced‐photochemical process may provide exciting opportunities in photochemical reactions, plasmofluidics, and material synthesis.
Co–Fe Alloy/N‐Doped Carbon Hollow Spheres Derived from Dual Metal–Organic Frameworks for Enhanced Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction
Authors: Zhang Song Lin , Guan Bu Yuan , Lou Xiong Wen (David) 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMetal–organic framework (MOF) composites have recently been considered as promising precursors to derive advanced metal/carbon‐based materials for various energy‐related applications. Here, a dual‐MOF‐assisted pyrolysis approach is developed to synthesize Co–Fe alloy@N‐doped carbon hollow spheres. Novel core–shell architectures consisting of polystyrene cores and Co‐based MOF composite shells encapsulated with discrete Fe‐based MOF nanocrystallites are first synthesized, followed by a thermal treatment to prepare hollow composite materials composed of Co–Fe alloy nanoparticles homogeneously distributed in porous N‐doped carbon nanoshells. Benefitting from the unique structure and composition, the as‐derived Co–Fe alloy@N‐doped carbon hollow spheres exhibit enhanced electrocatalytic performance for oxygen reduction reaction. The present approach expands the toolbox for design and preparation of advanced MOF‐derived functional materials for diverse applications.
Phylogenetics and cytology of a pantropical orchid genusPolystachya(Polystachyinae, Vandeae, Orchidaceae): Evidence from plastid DNA sequence data
Authors: Russell Anton , Samuel Rosabelle , Rupp Barbara , Barfuss Michael H.J. , Šafran Marko , Besendorfer Visnja , Chase Mark W. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe pantropical orchid genusPolystachyais the subject of ongoing taxonomic work. We inferred phylogenetic relationships in the genus using 5.3 kb of plastid DNA, for 83 out of ca. 240 species and 12 out of 15 sections, as well as five outgroup species. We also collected ploidy data using chromosome counts and genome size estimates. Bayesian and parsimony trees were congruent with each other and well resolved.Polystachyaappears monophyletic based on current sampling, provided that the nameP. neobenthamiais used instead ofNeobenthamia gracilisfor that species. The current sectional classification does not define monophyletic groups, but the present study can be used as the basis for a future sectional classification. Areas postulated as Pleistocene refugia for wet tropical forests in Africa also form centres of diversity for the genus. Biogeographical analyses using DIVA and Lagrange show an early radiation in eastern Africa, followed by separate radiations in eastern and western Africa. Subsequent dispersal from western to eastern Africa has occurred at a much higher rate than from east to west. Dispersal to the Neotropics occurred more than once, and one lineage has spread recently and rapidly throughout the tropics. Polyploidy has occurred several times during the diversification of the genus, most notably in association with the recent pantropical dispersal.
Out of China: Distribution history of Ginkgo biloba L.
Authors: Zhao Yunpeng , Paule Juraj , Fu Chengxin , Koch Marcus A. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractGingko biloba L. is one of the most mysterious plant species, which continues to attract the interest of scientists and the public since many centuries. However, our knowledge of its evolutionary history and worldwide distribution is limited. Herein we are combining evidence from a previous phylogeographic analysis of Ginkgo biloba's range in China using cpDNA and AFLPs with new data from old, early introduced in Korea, Japan, Europe and Northern America with the aim to unravel the early human–mediated introduction history of this species. We provide evidence that Ginkgo biloba reached Japan via different routes from China during the last two millennia most likely by human–mediated dispersal. Based on AFLP data, all individuals originally introduced to Europe and North America (e.g., by Kaempfer in Europe in the 1720s) are genetically similar to one of the Korean accessions raising, the question of the validity of the origin of Kaempfer's original material, which was said to be brought from Japan to Europe in the early 18th century. Multiple introduction into Korea and Japan in concert with an out–crossing mating system has maintained high levels of gene diversity; this is also true for the European and North American trees. In addition, the trees outside the original Chinese Pleistocene refugia, due to their relatively small gene–pool, have a reduced number of AFLP fragments and no exclusive alleles.