bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Проблема действительности и действенности международного права в концепции Альфа Росса
Authors: Vasil'eva Nataliya 
Published: December 2024

Вопрос о сущности и природе (а по сути, действительности и действенности) международного права довольно стар, но до сих пор актуален. В XX веке он приобрел особенную значимость и был предметом рассмотрения ведущих исследователей, в том числе с позиций теоретико-правовой проблематики действительности и действенности права. Одним из исследователей и участников дискуссии стал датский правовед Альф Росс — философ права, профессор международного права и судья Европейского суда по правам человека, который ставил под сомнение вопрос правовой природы международного права. Реконструкция взглядов А. Росса на международное право в контексте его знаменитой концепции действительности и действенности права, основанной на идеях Г. Кельзена и методологии психологического правового реализма, позволила выявить противоречия предлагаемого им подхода. В качестве одного из главных оснований действительности (и действенности) права как системы А. Росс рассматривает наличие организованной власти, обладающей монополией на принуждение, но в сообществе государств нет субъекта, осуществляющего такую монополию. Датский ученый делает оригинальный вывод о производном от внутригосударственного права характере действительности и действенности международного права. Значимой частью правовой концепции А. Росса является его концепция источников права. По мысли ученого, в сознании правоприменителей существует особая идеология источников права, которая определяет способ поиска и формулирования нормы, необходимой для решения по делу. Исходя из этого, под источниками права понимаются факторы психологического влияния на данный процесс. Источники международного права рассматриваются А. Россом в том же ключе, как общие факторы и мотивационные компоненты, определяющие конкретное содержание международного права в международных правоприменительных решениях. По аналогии с идеологией источников внутригосударственного права, датский ученый говорит об особой международно- правовой установке, которую можно выявить с помощью исследования действий международных органов, ведущих политических акторов, а также действий государств, затрагивающие международно-значимые вопросы. Именно международно-правовая установка оказывает решающие влияние на действительность и действенность международного права, так как внутренние убеждения играют главную роль в правопорядке, основанном на автономии, а не на власти.Для цитирования: Васильева Н.С. Проблема действительности и действенности международного права в концепции Альфа Росса // Право. Журнал Высшей школы экономики. 2021. Т.15. № 2. С. 85–104. DOI:10.17323/2072-8166.2022.2.85.104.
Smoking History as The Main Factors of Chronic Kidney Disease in Hemodialytic Patients
Authors: Trisnawati Aprilia , Sari Yeni Kartika , Nurmawati Thatit , Ta'adi Ta'adi 
Published: December 2024

Background: The high risk of death and treatment costs for chronic kidney disease make a global problem. History of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, and energy supplement drinks are factors that cause chronic kidney disease that can be controlled. Consequently, it is important to identify factors associated with poor outcomes among hemodialytic patients.Objective: This study aims to determine the main factors associated with chronic kidney disease in a private hospital in Blitar.Methods: The study was a cross-sectional study. 132 patients were purposively selected in the study. Data was analyzed using logistic regression.Results: The multivariate analysis showed that a smoking history accompanied by another factor increases the risk of Chronic Kidney Disease. Diabetes Mellitus history (OR: 3.04), Hypertension history (OR: 1,4), Smoking History (OR:0,3), Drinking energy supplement history (OR:0.3) were significant variables on patients undergoing maintenance hemodialyis.Conclusions: The foremost common cause of patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis is smoking history. More education is needed for society to avoid chronic kidney disease by exercising health control regularly, stopping smoking, and having a healthy lifestyle.
Clinical audit of veterinary professionals’ cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) skill and knowledge retention within a small animal hospital
Authors: Jones Clare 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The RECOVER guidelines (2012) on veterinary cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) suggest refresher training every 3–6 months. This audit was undertaken to see if this can impact veterinary professionals’ psychomotor skills and knowledge retention. Since June 2022, within Hale Veterinary Group small animal hospital, a VetPartners practice in the UK, staff members’ knowledge was audited using a multiple-choice questionnaire (MCQ) and their skills were assessed using a CPR training cube to monitor compression rate and recoil.
Aims and objectives: To see over what time period psychomotor skills and knowledge of CPR are most commonly lost.
Background: Aiming to improve the knowledge and psychomotor skill retention of veterinary professionals, as well as frequency of training. Following RECOVER guidelines (2012) suggestion of refresher training, looking at NHS training suggestions and audits, to improve knowledge and skill retention.
Methods: To measure knowledge retention a MCQ was created, based on the RECOVER basic life support and advanced life support components. Looking at similar MCQs within human medicine, the decision was made to keep the MCQ anonymous but to categorise participants into job roles. To measure psychomotor skills a device (cprCUBE PRO) was bought by the practice to monitor compression rate and recoil abilities.
Results: Results showed that veterinary surgeon and registered veterinary nurse knowledge and skill retention is best maintained with refresher training every 6 months to 1 year.
Implementation of changes (Team discussion & changes made): Training to be offered every 3 months, clinical staff to attend training every 6 months to 1 year.
Re-audit: Following the audit of the initial training session held on one day, September 2022 training session was held over two days in an attempt to improve attendance. Once this was implemented, this was then audited.
Application: Clinical staff must attend a training session within the year, new members of staff to attend the soonest possible training session. Other practices would benefit from having training and implementing frequent refresher training.
Mapping Islamic Social Finance’s Impact on SDGs: A Bibliometric Dive into Decent Work and Economic Growth
Authors: Nisak Khoirun 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The SDGs are goals that countries around the world want to achieve by 2030. However, this bis project requires a lot of funding. So it requires other alternative funding such as Islamic social finance. This research wants to examine the funding of SDGs, especially goal number 8 using Islamic social finance instruments. Research Methods: This study adopts a bibliometric approach by analyzing 500 articles published between 2015 until 2024 using Publish or Perish, which were sourced from Google Scholar. Based on their focus on Islamic social finance and the SDGs number 8, 25 relevant articles were selected from this initial pool. Keyword analysis, network visualization, and density mapping were performed using VOSviewer software. Examining keyword occurrences and temporal overlaps helped to identify dominant themes, gaps, and emerging areas of focus in Islamic social finance research. Result: The results show that zakaf and waqf are the most frequently discussed topics. This underscore their central role in aligning Islamic financial principles with SDGs. However, instruments such as sadaqah, qard al-hasan, and takaful continue to be under-explored, pointing to significant gaps in the literature. Conclusions: As a recommendation, to fully understand their potential contributions to the SDGs number 8, further research on other Islamic social finance instruments beyond zakat and waqf is needed.
Vegetation growth conditions strongly indicate coffee flowering anomalies
Authors: Nguyen Thi Thu Thuy , Kath Jarrod , Reymondin Louis , Nguyen-Huy Thong , Byrareddy Vivekkananda Mattahalli , Mushtaq Shahbaz 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Quantifying the timing of vegetation growth, particularly coffee plant flowering, is vital for estimating yield in advance. While satellite-based vegetation indices are effective in mapping crop growth and have a strong correlation with coffee yield, the potential contribution of plant conditions alongside climate factors in predicting coffee flowering anomalies remains underexplored. Here, our investigation aimed to determine whether satellite-based vegetation indices, in addition to climate variables, could enhance the model's predictive power for flowering anomalies of coffee trees. Utilizing a dataset on flowering dates over ten years of 558 coffee farms spread over four provinces (Dak Lak, Gia Lai, Dak Nong, and Lam Dong) in the Central Highlands of Vietnam, we analysed climate variables (rainfall and temperature) and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) at various intervals prior to flowering dates. Using a Generalized Additive Model (GAM) and model selection based on Akaike’s Information Criteria (AIC), we identified the most influential predictors. Then, we performed Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to further investigate the complex causal relationships among flowering anomalies, climate, vegetation, and management factors. Our results show that the NDVI prior to flowering dates held the most explanatory power, outperforming climate variables. Lower NDVI during the dormancy period indicated the ripe-to-flower condition of the coffee tree, informing earlier onset of the flowering stage, while higher NDVI during bud initiation and development stage suggested a delayed flowering. The best model incorporating both climate and NDVI predictors achieved good explanatory performance with an adjusted R2 of 0.87. The analysis highlighted the advantages of vegetation indices over climate predictors in capturing plant conditions through its growing cycle, with the accumulated effects of environmental factors and agricultural management activities, especially during critical phenological stages. Our findings suggest further studies utilising vegetation indices from remote sensing data sources at multiple scales to thoroughly understand plant conditions at different crop growth phases, especially at early stages, for site-specific, timely and strategic management interventions.
How do ballast water, pitch angle, and tower material impact the optimization of a concrete semisubmersible floating offshore wind turbine?
Authors: Chujutalli John H. , Almeida Jeferson Osmar , Amiri Mojtaba Maali , Lima Paulo Roberto Lopes , Shadman Milad , Junkai Feng , Filho Romildo Dias Toledo , Levi Carlos , Estefen Segen F. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Despite significant progress in floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT) technology , there are still several challenges, including the design of a cost-effective system. Considerable research has been dedicated to optimizing the floating platform geometry, layout, dimensions, and weight over the past few years, with some focusing on semisubmersible platforms, where steel is often used for both the platform and tower. However, concrete FOWTs may be more cost-effective and reduce the carbon footprint. Other areas requiring further research include the impact of the tower material, maximum inclination angle, and confining ballast water within dimensionally variable compartments during optimization. The study aims to address these points through a hydrostatic optimization of a novel 15 MW concrete semisubmersible FOWT using a genetic algorithm method. The results show that the platform mass reduction for pitch angles larger than 6 degrees is lower compared to that for angles smaller than 6 degrees regardless of the tower material. Moreover, confining the ballast water inside dimensionally variable compartments leads to a lower semisubmersible platform weight. Finally, an initial comparison of raw material costs shows that a concrete platform with a steel tower offers the most cost-effective solution compared to a FOWT entirely made from steel or concrete.
Does environmental decentralisation affect industry green economy efficiency?The Moderating Effect of the Institutional Environment
Authors: Chen Haisheng 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Based on the SBM-GML model, the green total factor productivity (TFP) of agriculture, industry and service industry is measured based on the provincial panel data of China from 2003 to 2022, and the scientific spatial econometric method is used to comprehensively assess the impact and moderating effect of the environmental decentralisation on the green TFP of the industries in China. The study confirms that the relationship between environmental decentralisation and industry green total factor productivity is generally inverted "U" shape. It is further found that the effect of environmental decentralisation on industry green TFP is consistent with the overall effect in the central region, while in the eastern region the relationship is "U" shaped, and in the western region it is not obvious. The institutional environment is an important moderator of the impact of environmental decentralisation on industry green TFP, which is reflected in the government-market relationship, the development of non-state economy, the development of market intermediary organisations and the legal environment. This paper provides ideas for a deeper understanding of "environmental decentralisation" and its impact on the industry.
Is there an association between a behavioral measure of working memory and the measures of P300
Authors: Shubhadarshan Archisman , Mishra Sushmit 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background: In recent times, the P300 has been extensively explored to assess cognitive function and contextual knowledge in humans. The main aim of the study is to explore whether the scores obtained in behavioural tests for Working Memory (WM) like the Reading Span Test (RST) is associated with electrophysiological tests like P300. A total of 60 participants in the age range of 18-40 were included in this study, of which 30 participants were included in group 1 who had normal hearing sensitivity, and the other 30 were included in group 2 who had bilateral hearing loss (HI). Participants had normal cognitive functioning and were screened for having normal cognitive abilities using a test. After completing basic hearing assessment tests, RST and P300 were administered.
Result: We found a strong positive correlation of P300 amplitude with RST in normal hearing and HI groups. A moderate negative correlation was found between P300 latency and RST in the normal hearing group while a weak correlation was found in the HI group for the same. In both the groups Reaction Time has a strong correlation with amplitude and latency of P300.
Conclusion: We may use P300 amplitude to estimate the WM capacity and the latency of P300 may be also essential to evaluate the lexical access capacity of working memory.
Heterogeneity and risk prediction study of self-reported outcomes in patients with abdominal wall stoma for bladder cancer based on latent profile analysis and machine learning algorithms
Authors: Ren Jia-Hui , Lu Jing-Ya , Xiong Zhu-Feng , Zhang Yong-Hui , Hong Hui , Yang Mei-Yun 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Abdominal wall stomas in bladder cancer patients can severely impact physical, psychological, and social adjustment. However, individual differences in patients' self-reported outcomes and their influencing factors require further investigation. This multicenter, cross-sectional study aimed to assess the health status of patients with bladder cancer and abdominal wall stomas, identify heterogeneous characteristics among individuals, and screen for risk factors affecting their quality of life. We evaluated 598 patients who underwent radical cystectomy with an abdominal wall stoma between September 2020 and September 2023 in the urology departments of five tertiary hospitals across Henan and Jiangxi Provinces, China. Data were collected via a self-designed general profile questionnaire and the Chinese Patient Self-Reported Outcome Scale for Bladder Cancer with Abdominal Wall Stoma (PROS-BCAS). Latent profile analysis identified three patient subgroups: "balanced high quality" (n = 339, 56.7%), "unbalanced" (n = 148, 24.7%), and "low level" (n = 111, 18.6%). Significant differences were observed in the scores of the four PROS-BCAS domains among these categories (p < 0.05). The factors associated with the "low-level" group included age (45–60 years), low income (monthly per capita <$2,000), self-payment for healthcare, total lack of self-care ability, and the presence of comorbidities. The XGBoost machine learning model identified key factors affecting patient prognosis, such as monthly per capita income, age, healthcare payment method, stoma care status, and comorbidities, in descending order of importance. These findings emphasize the significant individual heterogeneity in self-reported outcomes among bladder cancer patients with abdominal wall stomas. Clinical caregivers should therefore assess and tailor interventions to improve quality of life, particularly for the vulnerable subgroups identified in this study.
A Comprehensive Evaluation and Assessment of Surface Water Quality Using Multivariate Techniques
Authors: Kushwah Vinod Kumar , Singh Kunwar Raghvendra 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Surface water pollution is now a major environmental concern on a worldwide scale. To maintain water quality at a specific desired level and to understand the current state of the water resource, surface water monitoring and assessment are crucial. This investigation relies on multivariate statistical techniques including cluster analysis, discriminant analysis, principal component analysis to assess the variations of surface water quality in the Mathura region. Water samples were collected from eleven different natural kunds, Mathura district. CA employed all water quality parameters to generate three clusters according to the similarity of their respective characteristics. A total of five components, explained 86.72 percent of the observed variance. PCA's utility for assessing and interpreting sizable, complex water quality data sets, and allocating water pollution sources/factors, Surface runoff, storm runoff, soil weathering, leaching, domestic discharge and agricultural runoff were identified as significant contributors to the deterioration of surface water quality. By employing Discriminant Analysis, five water quality parameters (TH, TDS, Na+, DO, and BOD5) were successfully identified during the spatial evaluation of natural kunds, with 100% assignment rate. Therefore, this study emphasizes relevance and efficacy of MSTs for accomplishing sustainable water resource management while recognizing the sources of water quality variations.
A Constraint Disaggregation Method for Structure-Preserving Aggregations in LP Problems: Application to Renewable Energy Grids with Hydrogen Storage
Authors: Riccardi Gabor , Urso Bianca , Gualandi Stefano 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

In recent years, the integration of renewable energy sources into electrical grids has become a critical area of research due to the increasing need for sustainable and resilient energy systems. To address the variability of wind and solar power output over time, electricity grids expansion plans need to account for multiple scenarios over large time horizons. This significantly increases the size of the resulting Linear Programming (LP) problem, making it computationally challenging for large scale grids. To tackle this, we propose an approach that aggregates time-steps to reduce the problem size, followed by an iterative refinement of the aggregation, in order to converge to the optimal solution. Using the previous iteration's solution as a warm start, we introduce and compare methods to select which time intervals to refine at each iteration. The first method selects time-steps based on the proportion of net power production within each interval. We provide a general theoretical justification for its use and sufficient conditions under which an optimal solution of an aggregated linear problem can extend to an optimal solution of the original problem. The second method employs a Rolling Horizon (RH) method to evaluate the feasibility of the aggregated solutions, and selects the time interval on which the validation fails. These selection methods are then compared against a random interval selection approach.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2020) 90-10 · 90B15
Quantitative trait loci underlying the yield-related traits in perennial Chinese rice "Shengdao3 # "
Authors: Yan Yuxin , Peng Tingshen , Lu Jiuyan , Tan Lin , Nan Wenbing , Qin Xiaojian , Li Ming , Gong Junyi , Liang Yongshu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

"Shengdao3#" is a novel type of perennial rice germplasm native to China. And so, this study aimed to explore the genetic information about the yield traits in perennial Chinese rice "Shengdao3#" and provide a series of theoretical bases for the innovative utilization of perennial Chinese rice germplasm. The F2 population derived from the cross between "Shengdao3#" and common rice "XiqingzaoB" was developed to identify QTLs underlying yield-related traits. Fifteen yield traits including plant height, panicle plant− 1, and thousand-grain weight were measured for the QTL mapping. The software packages Excel 2010, GraphpadPrism 5.0, and QTLIciMapping 4.20 were used to perform the phenotypic data analysis and QTL mapping, respectively. Results indicated 15 yield-related traits displaying normal distribution and belonging to quantitative trait inheritance. Altogether 25 QTLs underlying the yield-related traits and 26 epistatic QTLs were detected on the whole genome except for the 6th and 12th chromosomes, and explained phenotypic variance with ranging from 4.21–27.30% and 1.15–19.30%. Six pleiotropic QTL underlying two or more yield-related traits were detected on the 1st, 4th, 7th, 8th, and 11th chromosomes. Among 25 QTLs underlying a single yield-related trait, 11 were primarily identified in the perennial Chinese rice "Shengdao3#". All QTLs underlying 15 yield-related traits followed the genetic model of additive, dominant, and digenic epistatic of additive by additive, additive by dominant, dominant by additive, and dominant by dominant. This work can serve as a good foundation for yield-related gene mining from "Shengdao3#" and its utilization in the future sustainable agriculture.