bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENERAPAN SISTEM PAKAR UNTUK DIAGNOSA AUTIS DENGAN METODE FORWARD CHAINING
Authors: Rachman Rizal 
Published: October 2019

Sistem yang menggunakan pengetahuan manusia, dimana pengetahuan tersebut dimasukkan ke dalam sebuah komputer, dan kemudian digunakan untuk menyelesaikan masalah-masalah yang biasanya membutuhkan kepakaran atau keahlian manusia. Dalam kasus ini, sistem pakar digunakan untuk Diagnosa Autisme Di SLB N Cileunyi, Autisme merupakan gangguan perkembangan mental pada anak yang menyebabkan seorang anak sulit untuk berinteraksi social. Secara umum, gejala autisme terdeteksi pada usia awal perkembangan anak sebelum mencapai tiga tahun. Gejala dan tingkat keparahan autisme juga cenderung bervariasi pada tiap penyandang. Diagnosa autisme biasanya dilakukan oleh seorang pakar/ahli dibidang tumbuh kembang anak, namun sebenarnya orang tua juga dapat melakukan diagnosa awal kemungkinan autisme pada anak dengan melakukan pengamatan perilaku anak dalam kesehariannya terutama dari cara berkomunikasi, berinteraksi sosial dengan anak sebayanya, dan kemampuan berimajinasi pada anak. Didalam penerapan sistem pakar ini dibantu dengan menggunakan metode forward chaining. Metode Forward Chaining digunakan sebagai teknik penalaran dari Knowledge Respresentation Pakar, keluaran pada sistem berupa ada tidaknya kemungkinan autisme pada seorang anak berdasarkan gejala yang diberikan kepada sistem
Incidence and Trends of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy and Corticobasal Syndrome: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Stang Cole D. , Turcano Pierpaolo , Mielke Michelle M. , Josephs Keith A. , Bower James H. , Ahlskog J. Eric , Boeve Bradley F. , Martin Peter R. , Upadhyaya Sudhindra G. , Savica Rodolfo 
Published: October 2019

Background: Few studies have investigated the incidence of PSP and CBS in the population. Objective: To examine the incidence of and trends in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and corticobasal syndrome (CBS) in a population-based cohort of residents of Olmsted County, MN. Methods: We used the 1991-2005 population-based, Olmsted County Parkinsonism-cohort study, defined via the Rochester Epidemiology Project. A movement-disorder specialist reviewed medical records, to confirm PSP and CBS diagnoses. Results: We identified 21 patients with these diagnoses 1991-2005 : 18 (85.7%), PSP; 3 (14.3%), CBS. The median diagnosis age was 78 (range: 66-88). 13/21 (62.0%) were male. MRI was performed pre-diagnosis in 11 patients (8 PSP and 3 CBD); 10 showed atrophy consistent with clinical diagnoses. We observed concordance between clinical and pathological diagnoses in two PSP patients who underwent autopsy. Combined incidence for PSP and CBS in Olmsted County was 3.1 per 100,000 person-years (2.6 per 100,000 person-years, PSP; 0.4 per 100,000 person-years, CBS). Incidence was higher in men (4.5, 95% CI, 2.0-7.0) than women (1.8, 95% CI, 0.5-2.9). A combined, significant trend of increasing incidence was observed between 1991 and 2005 (B=0.69, 95% CI 0.42, 0.96, p<0.001). Median time from symptom onset to death among both groups was 6 years (range PSP, 1-10 years; range CBS, 3-8 years). Conclusions: The combined incidence for PSP and CBS was 3.1 per 100,000 person-years, higher in men than women. We observed a significant increase in both PSP and CBS, likely due to advancing imaging technology and improved diagnostic ability among physicians.
Biasing the semicircular canal cupula in excitatory direction decreases the gain of the vestibuloocular reflex for head impulses
Authors: Tamás László T. , Obrist Dominik , Avan Paul , Büki Béla 
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND: It has been shown that cold caloric irrigation decreases the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) gain in the vertically positioned lateral canal as measured by head impulse testing. This effect is most probably caused by a sustained deflection of the cupula in the inhibitory direction. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present experiment was to answer the question if a sustained excitatory deflection increases the gain of the reflex in healthy volunteers. METHODS: In order to deflect the cupula, cold caloric irrigation was applied in prone (forward head hanging) position. In this position cold thermal irrigation elicited an excitatory caloric nystagmus with an ipsilateral fast phase. RESULTS: When head impulses were applied immediately after cold caloric irrigation, the gain of the VOR decreased in comparison to the values measured before irrigation. CONCLUSIONS: Together with the previous results cited above, these data show that biasing the cupula in either direction decreases its sensitivity with respect to high acceleration stimuli. This might occur because the deviation elicits a partial mechanical and electrophysiological saturation of the cupula.
Role of nitric oxide in pathogenesis of tumor growth and its possible application in cancer treatment
Authors: Holotiuk V.V. , Kryzhanivsk A.Y. , Churpiy I.K. , Tataryn B.B. , Ivasiutyn D.Ya. 
Published: October 2019

Summary. In this review, the role of nitric oxide (NO) in the pathogenesis of the tumor growth and possibilities of its application in the treatment of cancer patients are analyzed. NO is one of the most important mediators of physiological processes being involved in the regulation of practically all body functions in health and disease. The role of NO in the development of many pathological conditions has been extensively studied and debated in recent years. Today it is clear that NO in relation to malignant tumors may exhibit a dual activity — can stimulate tumor growth and cause an opposite antitumor effect. Effects of NO are mostly dependent on its concentration. At low concentrations, NO could inhibit apoptosis and cause mutations that potentially lead to the formation of malignant growth loci. However, a high concentration of NO appears to be detrimental to malignant cells, in particular under conditions of simultaneous exposure to ionizing radiation. In humans, the inducible NO synthase (iNOS, type II) is the most powerful form of NO synthases (NOS) and has the ability to synthesize large amounts of NO for a long time and exert a protective function. iNOS is expressed in macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, fibroblasts, hepatocytes, and other cell types. In tissue of malignant tumors, the macrophagal iNOS is the main form. Experimental data provide an evidence that activated macrophages and leukocytes, which are the part of peritumorous inflammatory infiltrate, can provide radiosensitization of tumors by direct synthesis of NO and indirectly — through the secretion of cytokines stimulating iNOS activity in cancer cells. Such approach could be useful for the development of new schemes and methods of anticancer therapy based on the activation of endogenous NO biosynthesis pathways.
Моlecular mechanisms of initiation of carcinogenesis in the testis
Authors: Bazalytska S.V. , Persidsky Y. , Romanenko A.M. 
Published: October 2019

Summary. In this review, literature data on the study of precancerous changes in testicular tissue and molecular changes, as well as the influence of environmental factors that can initiate carcinogenesis, were analyzed and summarized for the future determination of early diagnosis of germ cell tumors of the testis and the development of preventive measures. The review also discusses the significant new changes presented in the Fourth Edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Urogenital Tumors, published in 2016, and modern concepts of the etiology and pathogenesis of these diseases. Among the environmental factors that can initiate carcinogenesis, the most noteworthy are the biological effects of low doses of ionizing radiation, such as the effect of radiation-induced genome instability, which increases the risk of carcinogenesis, the “bystander effect”, and chronic oxidative stress. Disruption of ubiquitin-proteasomal proteolysis, impaired molecular-level components of the blood-testis barrier, and impaired regulatory action of TGF-β on the cell cycle can play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of male infertility and the initiation of carcinogenesis in the testis. The effect of low doses of ionizing radiation as an additional etiological factor leads to changes in the structural, as well as molecular, components of the testis, including epigenetic changes, which can be characterized as environmental pathomorphosis, which leads to impaired spermatogenesis and increased risk of malignancy. Summarizing the literature review data, we can state that patients with blocked spermatogenesis, in which atypical germ cell neoplasia in situ cells are detected in testicular tissue, constitute a group at increased risk of testicular carcinogenesis. The presence of additional etiological factors, such as chronic low doses of ionizing radiation, can initiate the progression of carcinogenesis in the testicle.
PENGUJIAN PERFORMA 2 DEGREE OF FREEDOM UNDERWATER REMOTELY OPERATED VEHICLE (ROV
Authors: Waldiansyah Rian , Sutisna Setya Permana , Ahmad Anton Royanto 
Published: October 2019

<pre><em>Remotely Operated Vehicle</em> (ROV) adalah robot yang dapat bergerak di pesawat yang dikendalikan oleh manusia dari jarak jauh, yang dibuat oleh manusia untuk memfasilitasi pekerjaan manusia untuk eksploitasi bawah air. Penelitian tentang ROV dimaksudkan untuk memungkinkan ROV bergerak sesuai dengan pesanan. Gerakan pada ROV termasuk bergerak maju, mundur, belok kanan dan belok kiri. Sistem kontrol ROV dimulai dengan membuat perintah pada PC (Personal Computer) yang akan memerintahkan dari PC yang akan diterima oleh Mikrokontroler Arduino Uno untuk diteruskan ke L293D Shield Motor dan Modul Bluetooth HC-05 untuk menggerakkan Motor DC pada ROV. Data yang dibuat pada PC dalam bentuk data serial akan dipanggil dan dibaca oleh <em>Mikrokontroler Arduino Uno</em> dan akan dilakukan dengan Bluetooth pada VT SmartPhone, ROV dapat dicocokkan dengan instruksi dari aplikasi pada smartphone dan untuk memasok daya Arduino menggunakan Power Bank. Dari hasil pengujian RPM didapat bahwa nilai rata-rata dari setiap pergerak ROV (maju, mundur, belok kanan dan kiri) tidak terlalu jauh berbeda. Nilai gerakan maju yaitu 4618 rpm, mundur yaitu 4929 rpm, kanan 6125 rpm, dan kiri 5142 rpm. Selain itu, perbandingan nilai energi kinetik dari setiap pergerakan ROV tidak jauh berbeda. Untuk gerakan maju memiliki energi kinetic 0,0087 <em>J</em> dan gerakan mundur yaitu 0,0041 <em>J</em>. </pre>
Fuel Properties of Butanol – Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil Blends as a Diesel Extender Option for Internal Combustion Engines
Authors: Zöldy Máté 
Published: October 2019

European legislation and new engine technologies require better quality in fuels, and the diesel scandal pushes engine and fuel developers to investigate new solutions. The decrease of fossil energy sources and the new, stricter emission regulations necessitate the discovery of renewable sources. Biofuels are an obvious solution to replace fossil fuels in a more environmentally conscious way. This study presents a new approach with the analytical investigation of butanol, hydrogenated vegetable oil, and diesel oil blends.In the presented phase of the research, our focus was on the most application- critical chemical properties of the fuels, to analyze if the three component blends are suitable for compression ignition engines. A wide-ranging chemical-analytical test plan was prepared with nearly 20 parameters measured of the chemical and physical parameters of blends, especially regarding flash point, cetane number, viscosity and cold filter plugging point (CFPP).The findings prove that from an engine-critical characteristics point of view butanol – hydrogenated vegetable oil – diesel blends are a potential solution, as HVO and butanol counterbalance its critical parameters.
Study on infestations and biodiversity of metazoan parasites in Channa punctatus (Bloch), Mymensingh region
Authors: Farzana Naoshin , Naher Jasmin , Zafar Md Abu , Chandra Kirtunia Juran , Ahmed Gias Uddin 
Published: October 2019

An investigation was conducted on infestation and reviewed biodiversity of metazoan parasites in Channa punctatus of Mymensingh region from July 2013 to June 2014. A total of 235 fish were examined and 9 species of four groups of parasites were recorded. They were (i) Euclinostomum multicaecum Tubangui and Masilungan, 1935 (ii) Euclinostomum heterostomum (Rudolphi, 1809) (iii) Genarchopsis goppo Ozaki, 1925 (iv) Allocreadium handiai Pandey, 1937 (v) Senga ophiocephalina (Tseng, 1933) (vi) Porrocaecum sp. (vii) Ascaridia sp. (viii) Contracaecum sp. (ix) Pallisentis ophiocephali (Thapar, 1930).The maximum (86.67%) prevalence was found in (86.67%) October and minimum (35.00%) in December whereas the maximum mean intensity (10) was observed in June and the minimum (1.42) was recorded from December. The prevalence was observed higher (68.85%) in smaller size of fish and in case of larger fish the prevalence was lower and the value was (53.62%). On the other hand, the mean intensity (5.45) was higher in smaller fish and lower (3.39) in medium sized fish. Both prevalence and mean intensity was found maximum in female fish than male fish. Among the four groups of parasites, infestation of Digenetic trematode is much higher than Nematoda, Cestoda and Acanthocephala. During the study, a list of parasites reported from Channa punctatus of Indian sub-continent was prepared. It was found that 38 species of Digenea, 4 species of Cestoda, 26 species of Nematoda and 5 species Acanthocephala were recorded. The Biodiversity of parasites seemed to be declined day by day. The responsible factors for this declination may be environmental degradation, entry of exotic fish and modernization of aquaculture etc.
J Bangladesh Agril Univ 17(3): 409–416, 2019
Mapping Mangrove Forest Change in Nijhum Dwip Island
Authors: Rahman MM , Pramanik MAT , Islam MI , Razia S 
Published: October 2019

Mangroves have been planting in the coastal belt of Bangladesh to protect the inhabitants of the coastal areas from cyclones and storm surges. Nijhum Dwip is located at the southern part of Hatiya Island. Most part of the island has been planted with the mangroves in the 1970s and 1980s; while parts of the mangroves have been deforested during the past few decades. The objectives of this research were to delineate and quantify the changes in the extent of mangroves in the island. The Landsat data of 1989, 2001, 2010 and 2018 have been utilized in the study. Three major land covers, namely forest, water and other land have been interpreted and delineated by using on-screen digitizing. The quantity of mangrove forest loss in the island is estimated as 1,024 ha, while 395 ha were afforested during 1989-2018. In the decadal change analysis, it was revealed that net forest cover change was higher in 2000s compared to other two decades and it was -425 ha. The result of the study is helpful to understand the extent and pattern of forest conversion in the island and to halt further forest loss and conserve the remaining forest.
J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 11(1-2): 217-225 2018
SOCIABILIDADE E JUVENTUDE RURAL: A FESTA JUNINA COMO ELEMENTO FORTALECEDOR DA CULTURA JUVENIL DO CAMPO (SOCIABILITY AND RURAL YOUTH: THE JUNE PARTY (FESTA JUNINA) AS A STRENGTHENING ELEMENT OF THE JUVENILE CULTURE IN RURAL AREAS)
Authors: Jardim Silvia Regina Marques , Fernandes Zizelda Lima , Bertoni Luci Mara 
Published: October 2019

RESUMO:Neste artigo, compartilhamos dados de pesquisa realizada no Assentamento de Reforma Agrária Bela Vista do Chibarro, localizado em Araraquara, São Paulo, cujo objetivo foi desenvolver análises acerca da sociabilidade entre jovens no meio rural, por meio de suas experiências com festividades, dentre elas, a Festa Junina. Para tanto, apresentamos relatos de doze jovens do sexo feminino com idade entre 12 e 16 anos que moram naquela localidade. A pesquisa revela que as práticas de sociabilidade são importantes para as jovens quando, nessas práticas, encontram oportunidade de celebrar o ciclo da vida na qual estão inseridas, considerando que sua juventude é permeada por proibições. Constatamos que a Festa Junina na comunidade surge como um elemento de fortalecimento da identidade e do pertencimento, sobretudo, quando valoriza o espaço rural e as tradições da roça transmitidas pelas gerações, além de favorecer a integração entre espaços urbano e rural.Palavras-chave: Festa Junina. Gênero. Juventude rural. ABSTRACT:We have purposefully tried to share research data, developed in an Agrarian Reform Settlement, in the country of São Paulo state. We have studied the minds and thoughts of female teenagers, concerning issues such as youth, education, future perspectives and social relationships. We have witnessed the June Party, in this settlement, rising as a strengthening element of identity and belonging, valuing the rural environment. The teenagers’ speeches show a cycle of life permeated by prohibition, and the parties within this settlement become means for the young girls to celebrate this cycle of life. The June Party in the area researched preserves and values the rural traditions transmitted through generations, besides being an opportunity of integration between urban and rural areas.Keywords: June Party; culture, youth; gender.
Phobia of the Introduction of Ethical Financing through Islamic Banking System in Nigeria: Respondents’ Perceptions on Business and Economic Suitability
Authors: Sabo Bello Hashim , Suleiman Galadima Ibrahim , Ibrahim Aliyu Baraka 
Published: October 2019

This research work aimed at studying the business and economic suitability of the introduction of alternative ethical finance through Islamic banking system in Nigeria as being consistent with modern economies. As Islamic banking system is working in a number of countries, then, Nigeria shouldn’t be a battle ground between Muslims and Christians mostly because it carries the toga of Islam thereby ignoring the beneficial social goals inherent in the Islamic alternative modes of ethical financing and investments. The issue of interest is a philosophical question which has to do with the core concept of ‘is money a commodity that can be traded on its own or not? The central issue is that the contemporary financial system is exploitative, unjust, discriminating, unstable and crisis generating. The sampling method adopted for the study was stratified random sampling technique. The study was conducted with 480 respondents in Abuja and responses elicited from questionnaires administered. The instrument used for data collection was questionnaire and data analysis made used of simple percentage and ANOVA was adopted for hypothesis testing. Data obtained was analyzed with inferential statistical technique. ANOVA was employed to test each hypothesis at 99 per cent confidence level. Results were analyzed through descriptive statistics and hypotheses tested using ANOVA at 0.01 level of significance. Thus, this paper believes that the Islamic banking provides financial solutions that are not only concerned with the growth of money but the ethical means by which money can be used to generate wealth. The paper also believes that with the establishment of Islamic banking system in Nigeria therefore will relatively remedy the problems of interest banking system that are making unemployment and redundancy to becoming order of the day. This study suggested that the introduction of Islamic banking system in Nigeria might promote a balance between the social and economic aspects of human society, the self and social interests and between the individual, family, society and the State. It can effectively address issues like income distribution and poverty alleviation, which capitalism has not been able to address and at the global level, it will rid the basis of instability, so making the world a happier place with harmony among followers of various religions.
Detección de Helicobacter pylori en muestras de agua y biopelícula de los grifos de las instituciones educativas oficiales en la ciudad de Medellín. 2010-2011.
Authors: Cuervo Araque Claudia María 
Published: October 2019

Introducción: Helicobacter pylori (Hp) es uno de los agentes infecciosos etiológico de la gastritis crónica, el linfoma de MALT, el adenocarcinoma gástrico y del cáncer gástrico y puede ser transmitido a través del agua.
Objetivo: Determinar la presencia de Hp por medio de cultivos y PCR en muestras de agua y biopelicula de los grifos de las instituciones educativas oficiales de la ciudad de Medellín, y la presencia de algunos factores de riesgo para la contaminación del agua.
Materiales y métodos: en 194 instituciones educativas del municipio de Medellín se tomó una muestra de agua y biopelícula del grifo, las cuales se sembraron en agar HPSPA y se les realizó una prueba de PCR directa convencional con el gen ureA. Además, se realizó una encuesta para evaluar factores de riesgo como antigüedad de la edificación, estado físico y material de los grifos, presencia de tanques o pozos de agua para consumo, disponibilidad de agua potable y disponibilidad de fuentes de agua diferentes a las del acueducto municipal.
Resultados: La frecuencia de ADN de Hp por la prueba de PCR en agua y biopelículas fue del 2.1% en cada tipo de muestra y por cultivo fue del 11,3% tanto en agua como en biopelícula. Las muestras de agua positivas por PCR correspondieron a las instituciones educativas ubicadas en Manrique, Villa Hermosa, San Javier y Guayabal, Las muestras de biopelículas positivas estuvieron en los barrios Popular, Villa Hermosa, Palmitas y en Santa Elena.
Conclusiones: Hp fue detectado en las muestras de agua y biopelicula obtenidas de las instituciones educativas oficiales de Medellín y se pudo determinar por cultivo en HPSPA y por PCR con el gen ureA. Sin embargo, ninguno de los factores de riesgo estudiados fueron predictores para la contaminación
ENSAYO CLÍNICO ALEATORIZADO Y CONTROLADO DEL EFECTO DEL CONSUMO DE CACAO EN PACIENTES CON RESISTENCIA A LA INSULINA
Authors: Giraldo Restrepo Mónica Lucía , Toro Escobar Juan Manuel , Arango Toro Clara María , Posada Johnson Luz Gladys , García García Héctor Ivan 
Published: October 2019

Objetivo
Determinar el efecto del consumo de cacao en pacientes con síndrome metabólico.

Diseño
Se realizó un ensayo clínico aleatorizado, de grupos paralelos, controlado con placebo, prospectivo, doble enmascarado.

Pacientes
Personas entre 18 y 70 años de edad, no diabéticos, con resistencia a la insulina.

Intervención
Durante ocho semanas se evaluó el efecto del consumo de 50 g de chocolate rico en polifenoles, el grupo control recibió placebo.

Mediciones
Al inicio y al final del estudio el índice HOMA-IR, circunferencia abdominal, índice de masa corporal (IMC), glucemia y perfil lipídico.

Resultados
En el grupo experimental (n=37) hubo reducción del HOMA IR (3.24 inicial y 2.77 final, p= 0.02), reducción del peso corporal, en promedio 1 .53 kg (inicial 86.3 kg y final de 84.8 kg, p=0.002), disminución del IMC (34.3 al inicio y 33.5 al final, p= 0.0001) y disminución de la cintura abdominal (inicial 106.3 cm y final 102.5 cm, p= 0.0001). Al comparar los resultados del grupo tratado con chocolate negro con los del grupo control (n=38) hubo diferencia estadísticamente significativa en la media de cintura abdominal al final entre ambos grupos (102.5 cm para el experimental y 108.0 cm para el control, p=0.01).

Conclusiones
Este ensayo sugiere que el consumo de 50 gramos diarios de chocolate rico en sólidos de cacao durante ocho semanas se asocia con una disminución de la circunferencia abdominal y el índice HOMA-IR. Además, aporta una evidencia de mayor calidad que los estudios observacionales sobre el uso de cacao en la reducción de la obesidad, la adiposidad y en la prevención de la enfermedad cardiometabólica en pacientes colombianos.
Registro en ClinicalTrials: NCT03034291