bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CEACAM1 regulates the IL-6 mediated fever response to LPS through the RP105 receptor in murine monocytes
Authors: Zhang Zhifang , Placa Deirdre La , Nguyen Tung , Kujawski Maciej , Le Keith , Li Lin , Shively John E. 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTSystemic inflammation and the fever response to pathogens are coordinately regulated by IL-6 and IL-1β. We previously showed that CEACAM1 regulates the LPS driven expression of IL-1β in murine neutrophils through its ITIM receptor. We now show that the prompt secretion of IL-6 in response to LPS is regulated by CEACAM1 expression on bone marrow monocytes.Ceacam1-/-mice over-produce IL-6 in response to an i.p. LPS challenge, resulting in prolonged surface temperature depression and overt diarrhea compared to their wild type counterparts. Intraperitoneal injection of a64Cu-labeled LPS, PET imaging agent shows confined localization to the peritoneal cavity, and fluorescent labeled LPS is taken up by myeloid splenocytes and muscle endothelial cells. While bone marrow monocytes and their progenitors (CD11b+Ly6G-) express IL-6 in the early response (<2 hours) to LPS in vitro, these cells are not detected in the bone marrow after in vivo LPS treatment due to their rapid and complete mobilization to the periphery. Notably, tissue macrophages are not involved in the early IL-6 response to LPS. In contrast to human monocytes, TLR4 is not expressed on murine bone marrow monocytes. Instead, the alternative LPS receptor RP105 is expressed and recruits MD1, CD14, Src, VAV1 and β-actin in response to LPS to produce IL-6. CEACAM1 negatively regulates RP105 signaling in monocytes by recruitment of SHP-1, resulting in the sequestration of pVAV1 and β-actin from RP105. This novel pathway and regulation of IL-6 producing by CEACAM1 defines a novel role for monocytes in the fever of mice to LPS.AUTHOR SUMMARYFever is one of the most common signs of the immune response to pathogens. The fever response to LPS or endotoxin of gram-negative bacteria is mediated by the combined action of two cytokines, IL-1β and IL-6. Regulation of their production in response to LPS is an important area of investigation. While we previously showed that the regulation of IL-1β production in neutrophils is through the lymphocyte receptor CEACAM1, we were interested if a similar mechanism operated for IL-6. Using a mouse model in which the CEACAM1 gene was knocked out, we show that IL-6 is over-produced compared to normal mice, and that monocytes, rather than neutrophils were the principal IL-6 producing cells. Surprisingly, murine monocytes do not express TLR4, the most commonly studied receptor for LPS, but instead express the low affinity LPS receptor, RP105, a receptor common expressed on B-cells. Furthermore, we show that bone marrow monocytes are rapidly released into the blood and home to tissues throughout the body in response to LPS. These findings explain much of the confusion in the literature concerning the immediate source of IL-6 and the distinct differences between murine and human monocytes in their in responses to LPS.
Gut microbiota composition explains more variance in the host cardiometabolic risk than genetic ancestry
Authors: Guzmán-Castañeda Sandra J. , Ortega-Vega Esteban L. , Cuesta-Zuluaga Jacobo de la , Velásquez-Mejía Eliana P. , Rojas Winston , Bedoya Gabriel , Escobar Juan S. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundCardiometabolic affections greatly contribute to the global burden of disease. The susceptibility to these conditions associates with the ancestral genetic composition and gut microbiota. However, studies explicitly testing associations between genetic ancestry and gut microbes are rare. We examined whether the ancestral genetic composition was associated with gut microbiota, and split apart the effects of genetic and non-genetic factors on host health.ResultsWe performed a cross-sectional study of 441 community-dwelling Colombian mestizos from five cities. We characterized the host genetic ancestry using 40 ancestry informative markers and gut microbiota through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We measured variables related to cardiometabolic health (adiposity, blood chemistry and blood pressure), diet (calories, macronutrients and fiber) and lifestyle (physical activity, smoking and medicament consumption). The ancestral genetic composition of the studied population was 67±6% European, 21±5% Native American and 12±5% African. While we found limited evidence of associations between genetic ancestry and gut microbiota or disease risk, we observed a strong link between gut microbes and cardiometabolic health. Multivariable-adjusted linear models indicated that gut microbiota was more likely to explain variance in host health than genetic ancestry. Further, we identified 9 OTUs associated with increased disease risk and 11 with decreased risk.ConclusionsGut microbiota seems to be more meaningful to explain cardiometabolic disease risk than genetic ancestry in this mestizo population. Our study suggests that novel ways to control cardiometabolic disease risk, through modulation of the gut microbial community, could be applied regardless of the genetic ancestry of the intervened population.
Torque and back-emf in hybrid excited claw pole generator
Authors: Wardach Marcin 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
The paper aims to present the hybrid excited claw pole generator design, simulation and experimental results. The prototype has claw poles on two rotor sections, between which an excitation coil is located. The innovation of this machine is permanent magnets location on claws of one part of the rotor. The paper presents construction of the machine and analysis of the current in the excitation control coil influence on the electromagnetic torque, cogging torque and back-emf values. Presented studies enabled the determination of the torque and the back-emf for both: the strengthening and the weakening of magnetic field.

Design/methodology/approach
In the study, finite element analysis was used to perform simulation research. Then, based on the simulation studies, an experimental model was built. The paper also presents selected experimental results.

Findings
Achieved results show that the proposed machine topology allows to eliminate the disadvantages mentioned in paper, i.e. necessary to introduce special areas inside the machine to limit magnetic flux leakage or its complicated construction.

Research limitations/implications
The obtained cogging torque values and back-emf pulsation are still relatively high. In the near future, some of known techniques for reducing these pulsations can be applied, including the use of magnetic wedges, changing shapes of rotor’s poles and/or skewing of permanent magnets.

Practical implications
The proposed solution can be used in wind turbines as a generator.

Originality/value
The paper presents an original design of a new construction of a hybrid-excited claw pole machine and also an excitation current influence on cogging torque and back-emf values.
On defining and modeling context-awareness
Authors: Rodis Panteleimon 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to present a methodology for defining and modeling context-awareness and describing efficiently the interactions between systems, applications and their context. Also, the relation of modern context-aware systems with distributed computation is investigated.

Design/methodology/approach
On this purpose, definitions of context and context-awareness are developed based on the theory of computation and especially on a computational model for interactive computation which extends the classical Turing Machine model. The computational model proposed here encloses interaction and networking capabilities for computational machines.

Findings
The definition of context presented here develops a mathematical framework for working with context. Also, the modeling approach of distributed computing enables us to build robust, scalable and detailed models for systems and application with context-aware capabilities. Also, it enables us to map the procedures that support context-aware operations providing detailed descriptions about the interactions of applications with their context and other external sources.

Practical implications
A case study of a cloud-based context-aware application is examined using the modeling methodology described in the paper so as to demonstrate the practical usage of the theoretical framework that is presented.

Originality/value
The originality on the framework presented here relies on the connection of context-awareness with the theory of computation and distributed computing.
Warehouse management system customization and information availability in 3pl companies
Authors: Baruffaldi Giulia , Accorsi Riccardo , Manzini Riccardo 
Published: August 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to illustrate an original decision-support tool (DST) that aids 3PL managers to decide on the proper warehouse management system (WMS) customization. The aim of this tool is to address to the three main issues affecting such decision: the cost of the information sharing, the scarce visibility of the client’s data and the uncertainty of quantifying the return from investing into a WMS feature.Design/methodology/approachThe tool behaves as a digital twin of a WMS. In addition, it incorporates a set of WMS’s features based both on heuristics and optimization techniques and uses simulation to perform what-if multi-scenario analyses of alternative management scenarios. In order to validate the effectiveness of the tool, its application to a real-world 3PL warehouse operating in the sector of biomedical products is illustrated.FindingsThe results of a simulation campaign along an observation horizon of ten months demonstrate how the tool supports the comparison of alternative scenarios with theas-is, thereby suggesting the most suitable WMS customization to adopt.Practical implicationsThe tool supports 3PL managers in enhancing the efficiency of the operations and the fulfilling of the required service level, which is increasingly challenging given the large inventory mix and the variable clients portfolio that 3PLs have to manage. Particularly, the choice of the WMS customization that better perform with each business can be problematic, given the scarce information visibility of the provider on the client’s processes.Originality/valueTo the author’s knowledge, this paper is among the first to address a still uncovered gap of the warehousing literature by illustrating a DST that exploits optimization and simulation techniques to quantify the impacts of the information availability on the warehousing operations performance. As a second novel contribution, this tool enables to create a digital twin of a WMS and foresee the evolution of the warehouse’s performance over time.
An empirical investigation on disclosure about mobile banking on bank websites
Authors: de Oliveira Malaquias Fernanda Francielle , Hwang Yujong 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify the level of disclosure about mobile banking (MB) on bank websites.

Design/methodology/approach
The study sample comprises Brazilian and American banks, and the authors employed both quantitative and qualitative approaches to analyze the data. An index of 14 items was used to measure levels of disclosure. The quantitative stage involved descriptive analysis of disclosure levels, which was associated with other variables through the application of multivariate regression analysis. The qualitative stage involved a content analysis technique.

Findings
The statistical analysis indicated that size and country were significant explanatory variables for the level of information disclosed on bank websites. American banks disclosed more information about MB on their websites than Brazilian banks.

Originality/value
In the approach, using elements of voluntary disclosure theories, the authors expect to provide insights on how to increase MB information for potential users through a low-cost mechanism, web-based disclosure.
Enhancement of vibration characteristics in filament wound FRP composite shafts using nitinol wires
Authors: Murugesan Kannan , K. Kalaichelvan , Jenarthanan M.P. , T. Sornakumar 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the use of embedded Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) nitinol wire for the enhancement of vibration and damping characteristics of filament-wound fiber-reinforced plastic composite hollow shafts.

Design/methodology/approach
The plain Glass Fiber-Reinforced Plastic (GFRP) and plain Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) hollow shafts were manufactured by filament winding technique. Experimental modal analysis was conducted for plain hollow shafts of C1045 steel, GFRP and CFRP by subjecting them to flexural vibrations as per ASTM standard C747, with both ends clamped (C-C) end condition to investigate their vibration and damping behavior in terms of first natural frequency, damping time and damping ratio. Nitinol wires pre-stressed at various pre-strains (2, 4 and 6 per cent) were embedded with CFRP hollow shafts following same manufacturing technique, and similar experimental modal analysis was carried out by activating nitinol wires. The first natural frequencies of all the shaft materials were also predicted theoretically and compared with experimental measurements.

Findings
Among the three materials C1045 steel, plain GFRP and plain CFRP, the vibration and damping behavior were found to be the best for plain CFRP. Hence, CFRP shafts were considered for further improvement by embedding nitinol wires at pre-stressed condition. For CFRP shafts embedded with nitinol wires, the damping time decreased; and damping ratio and first natural frequency increased with increase in percentage of pre-strain. In comparison with plain CFRP, 7 per cent increase in first natural frequency and 100 per cent increase in damping ratio were observed for nitinol embedded CFRP shafts with 6 per cent pre-strain. Theoretical predictions of the first natural frequencies agree well with the experimental results for all the shaft materials.

Originality/value
The effect of nitinol on vibration and damping characteristics of filament wound hollow CFRP composite shafts with different pre-strains has not been studied extensively by the previous researchers. This paper addresses the effect of embedded nitinol wires pre-stressed at three varied pre-strains, that is, 2, 4 and 6 per cent on the vibration and damping characteristics of composite hollow CFRP shafts manufactured by filament winding technique.
Obese individuals are at increased risk of recurrence following open closure of midline incisional hernia using retromuscular repair
Authors: Stodolski Maciej , Zirngibl Hubert , Ambe Peter C. 
Published: August 2018

AimObesity is considered a risk factor for recurrence following hernia surgery. However, data on long‐term recurrence following open closure of midline incisional hernia in obese patients are scarce. The present study was designed to investigate the rate of long‐term recurrence in patients with obesity.Patients and MethodsThis was a single centre retrospective analysis. The outcomes of obese patients were compared with those of patients who were not obese. Outcomes included the duration of surgery, the rate of morbidity and the rate of recurrence. Retromuscular repair was used in all cases.ResultsThe outcomes of 56 obese patients were compared to those of 59 patients who were not obese. No significant differences were seen among both groups with regard to the duration of surgery, length of hospital stay, rate of seroma formation, postoperative haematoma formation and surgical site infection. However, the rate of long‐term recurrence was significantly higher in obese patients (19.9 per cent vs 5.2 per cent, P = 0.04).ConclusionIn our retrospective study, obese patients had an increased risk of long‐term recurrence following closure of midline incisional hernia with retromuscular repair.
A mini‐STR typing system for degraded equine DNA
Authors: Kun T. J. , Wictum E. J. , Penedo M. C. T. 
Published: August 2018

SummaryDegraded biological samples are a challenge for testing laboratories. Genotyping success can be improved through the use of mini‐STRs, by which primers are placed adjacent to the repeat motifs to reduce amplicon size. Here, we present a genetic profiling system comprising 13 autosomal and one X‐linked dinucleotide‐repeat markers and the SRY gene based on the internationally accepted equine parentage panel. The markers are divided into two panels with all alleles falling at or below 182 bp. The application of this method significantly increases the ability to profile difficult samples and to provide discriminating results to clients.
Educational inclusion of students with rare diseases: Schooling students with spina bifida
Authors: Gaintza Zuriñe , Ozerinjauregi Nagore , Aróstegui Igone 
Published: August 2018

Accessible Summary

We talked to students with spina bifida and their families about how to improve their schooling.

We identified five areas for improvement: accessibility, times of transition, personal attitude, educational response and coordinated work.

They told us that coordinated work between professionals is essential to facilitate their schooling.

AbstractBackgroundMore and more voices have pointed out the need to improve the quality of life of people with rare diseases. Given the diversity of this group, we wanted to focus on the educational context for students with spina bifida (SB). The purpose was to analyse these people's experiences in the school context with the aim of fostering good practices resulting in higher quality education.MethodologyIt was conducted based on the qualitative methodology of focus groups to give a voice to students with SB and their families.ResultsWe identified five areas for improvement: accessibility, times of transition, personal attitude, educational response and coordinated work.ConclusionsThe main conclusion was that the responsibility for educational needs lies not only with the teacher or the school. It is necessary to work together, not only on the part of professionals in the educational context, but also between professionals from different contexts (educational, medical and social) and between school and families.
Collaboration: The Politics of Working Together
Authors: Shuffelton Amy B. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract“Collaboration” is frequently urged on students, who are praised for being “good collaborators.” Yet collaboration has two senses: a positive sense of autonomously undertaken joint endeavor, but also a sinister implication of treacherous cooperation with enemies. In this article, Amy Shuffelton probes the uses and misuses of collaboration as an educational aim. She engages Josiah Royce's Philosophy of Loyalty and John Dewey's The Public and Its Problems, as well as contemporary critiques of neoliberal workplace structures, to explore the loyalties that shape what we do and who we are. Education for democratic citizenship, Shuffelton concludes, demands that children be provided opportunities to undertake conjoint activities that go beyond the limitations of conventional school collaborations.
Teacher as Tragic Ironist
Authors: Hostetler Karl D. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn this article Karl Hostetler portrays teachers as tragic ironists whose existence is prone to “playful disruptions of the soul,” when the meaning and value of ideas pertinent to teaching — including “teaching” itself — become puzzling, prompting a reassessment and reinvigoration of those ideas. In developing his concept of tragic irony, Hostetler draws particularly on Jonathan Lear's A Case for Irony and the Greek tragedies Oedipus Tyrannus and Medea. According to Lear, the aim of irony is “to inject a certain form of not‐knowing into polis life.” Relatedly, Hostetler observes, a frequent theme in classical Greek tragedy is the misery that can result from purporting to “know.” Tragedy and irony, he argues, can be particularly powerful and unsettling avenues for introducing uncertainty. He further contends that teachers as tragic ironists maintain a measure of uncertainty about their craft, not only recognizing that they do not know everything, but sometimes questioning whether they know anything. In a culture that tends to valorize certainty, Hostetler concludes, this is an essential attitude in the practice of and discourse about education.
Losing my hand. Body ownership attenuation after virtual lesion of the primary motor cortex
Authors: Fossataro Carlotta , Bruno Valentina , Giurgola Serena , Bolognini Nadia , Garbarini Francesca 
Published: August 2018

AbstractA fundamental component of the self‐awareness is the sensation that we are acting with our own body. Thus, a coherent sense of self implies the existence of a tight link between the sense of body ownership and the motor system. Here, we investigated this issue by taking advantage of a well‐known experimental manipulation of body ownership, i.e., the rubber hand illusion (RHI), during which the subjects perceive a fake hand as part of their own body. To test the effect of the motor system down‐regulation on the RHI susceptibility, we designed a sham‐controlled study, where the primary motor cortex (M1) excitability was modulated by off‐line low‐frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). After rTMS (real or sham), subjects underwent the RHI either on the right hand, contralateral to the inhibited hemisphere (Experiment 1), or on the left hand, ipsilateral to the inhibited hemisphere (Experiment 2). Only in Experiment 1, the procedure strengthened the illusory experience, as proved by a significant increase, in rTMS compared to Sham, of both subjective (Embodiment/Disembodiment Questionnaires) and objective (Proprioceptive Drift) RHI measures. This evidence demonstrates that, when the M1 activity is down‐regulated, the sense of body ownership is attenuated and the subjects become more prone to incorporate an alien body part. This, in turn, supports the existence of a mutual interaction between the sense of body ownership and the motor system, shedding new light on the construction of a coherent sense of self as an acting body.
Prevalence and pathogenesis of osteopenia and osteoporosis in epidermolysis bullosa: An evidence‐based review
Authors: Chen Jessica Szu‐Chia , Yang Anes , Murrell Dédée F. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundOsteopenia or osteoporosis is one of the many comorbidities in patients with Epidermolysis Bullosa (EB). Current literature on the prevalence of osteoporosis in EB is scarce.ObjectiveThis review will analyse the current literature in the field of patients with compromised bone health in EB and any articles on the prevalence of such diseases in EB groups.MethodsA systematic search for articles related to bone health and epidermolysis bullosa (EB) (1946‐2017) was performed on seven databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE and EBM, PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus and Web of Science. Search terms: epidermolysis bullosa, osteop*, bone mass, bone mineral*, fracture, dual X‐ray absorptiometry, vitamin D, calcium, nutrition, exercise and physical activity. Abstracts from all search results were screened, and reference scanning of the search results was performed. Eighty‐three articles met the selection criteria and were considered for review. Letters to the editor and abstract‐only articles were excluded. Articles were favoured based on citation count, impact factor of their journal and study sample size. The search included all languages.ResultsThe searches yielded a total of 1309 articles including 717 duplicates. The remaining 592 articles were screened by title and abstracts. Eighty‐three full‐text articles were analysed. Twenty‐one articles directly relating to bone health in EB were included. Three descriptive studies and one case‐control study were found, indicating a need for research of larger scale.ConclusionFurther investigations into osteoporosis in EB, especially the milder forms of EB, are valuable in providing evidence to support guideline developments for EB bone health management.