ГАЗЕТА ШТАБА ВЕРХОВНОГО ГЛАВНОКОМАНДУЮЩЕГО ВСЕМИ ВООРУЖЕННЫМИ СИЛАМИ РОССИИ "РУССКАЯ АРМИЯ" В КОНТЕКСТЕ УСТАНОВЛЕНИЯ ВОЕННОЙ ДИКТАТУРЫ АДМИРАЛА А.В. КОЛЧАКА ОСЕНЬЮ 1918 Г
Authors: Д.Л. ШЕРЕМЕТЬЕВА 
Published: November 2024

На широком круге источников автором впервые рассмотрены условия подготовки и обстоятельства принятия решения об издании первой большой военно-политической газеты контрреволюции на востоке России - официального органа информационного отдела штаба Верховного главнокомандующего адмирала А.В. Колчака «Русская армия». Проанализированы структура и содержание ноябрьских номеров издания за 1918 г., установлен круг авторов публикаций. Сделан вывод, что появление газеты было тесно связано с государственным переворотом 18 ноября 1918 г. и установлением военной диктатуры. Новый политический режим нуждался в авторитетной в армии и широких слоях населения газете. При этом вставшие во главе издания военные не имели четко артикулированных идейно-политических позиций, издательского опыта и связей в журналистском сообществе. Редакция испытывала трудности как с определением направления газеты, пытаясь ориентироваться на личность адмирала А.В. Колчака, но не получая от него директив, так и с поиском авторов, которые могли бы популяризировать военную диктатуру.
The author studied the conditions of preparation and the circumstances of the decision to publish the first large military-political newspaper of the counter-revolution in the east of Russia “The Russian Army” - the official organ of the information department of the Headquarters of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief admiral A.V. Kolchak. In October 1918, the head of the information department of the Headquarters of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief, a young career officer, captain S.A. Skryabin started organizing “The Russian Army”. He had no special knowledge and skills in the field of journalism, clearly formulated ideological and political positions and public authority. In his activities, he had to rely on the high command and look for experienced publicists who sympathized with the idea of a military newspaper. The coup d'état on November 18, 1918, which brought to power the Supreme Ruler and Supreme Commander-in-Chief admiral A.V. Kolchak, was a decisive impetus for the publication of the newspaper. The emergence of “The Russian Army” marked the beginning of a change in the information sphere, in which the military began to claim a decisive role. During the first week of publication, the structure of “The Russian Army” was formed. A typical two-page issue of the newspaper consisted of official and unofficial parts. “The Official Part” published orders of the Supreme Ruler, resolutions of the Council of Ministers of the Russian Government, Regulations on the provisional state structure and a number of other documents. “The Unofficial Part” was filled mainly with articles on socio-political topics and news regarding the end of the First World War. Initially, the development of the ideological and political course of “The Russian Army” was characterized by the predominance of national and religious values. However, such rhetoric did not correspond to the first declarative acts of the Supreme Ruler, in which the ideas of the rule of law prevailed over national-patriotic ones. The editorial board tried to focus on the personality of admiral A.V. Kolchak, but did not receive directives from him and did not find authoritative employees who could popularize the military dictatorship in the context of the statements of the Supreme Ruler.