bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GRB 171205A/SN 2017iuk: A local low-luminosity gamma-ray burst
Authors: D’Elia V. , Campana S. , D’Aì A. , De Pasquale M. , Emery S. W. K. , Frederiks D. D. , Lien A. , Melandri A. , Page K. L. , Starling R. L. C. , Burrows D. N. , Breeveld A. A. , Oates S. R. , O’Brien P. T. , Osborne J. P. , Siegel M. H. , Tagliaferri G. , Brown P. J. , Cenko S. B. , Svinkin D. S. , Tohuvavohu A. , Tsvetkova A. E. 
Published: September 2018

Context. Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) occurring in the local Universe constitute an interesting sub-class of the GRB family, since their luminosity is on average lower than that of their cosmological analogs. Attempts to understand in a global way this peculiar behaviour is still not possible, since the sample of low redshift GRBs is small, and the properties of individual objects are too different from each other. In addition, their closeness (and consequently high fluxes) make these sources ideal targets for extensive follow-up even with small telescopes, considering also that these GRBs are conclusively associated with supernova (SN) explosions.
Aims. We aim to contribute to the study of local bursts by reporting the case of GRB 171205A. This source was discovered by Swift Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) on 2017, December 5 and soon associated with a low redshift host galaxy (z = 0.037), and an emerging SN (SN 2017iuk).
Methods. We analyzed the full Swift dataset, comprising the UV-Optical Telescope (UVOT), X-ray Telescope (XRT) and BAT data. In addition, we employed the Konus-Wind high energy data as a valuable extension at γ-ray energies.
Results. The photometric SN signature is clearly visible in the UVOT u, b and ν filters. The maximum emission is reached at ∼13 (rest frame) days, and the whole bump resembles that of SN 2006aj, but lower in magnitude and with a shift in time of +2 d. A prebump in the ν-band is also clearly visible, and this is the first time that such a feature is not observed achromatically in GRB–SNe. Its physical origin cannot be easily explained. The X-ray spectrum shows an intrinsic Hydrogen column density NH,int = 7.4+4.1−3.6 × 1020 cm−2, which is at the low end of the N
H, int, even considering just low redshift GRBs. The spectrum also features a thermal component, which is quite common in GRBs associated with SNe, but whose origin is still a matter of debate. Finally, the isotropic energy in the γ-ray band, Eiso = 2.18+0.63−5.0 × 1049 erg, is lower than those of cosmological GRBs. Combining this value with the peak energy in the same band, Ep = 125+141−37 keV, implies that GRB 171205A is an outlier of the Amati relation, as are some other low redshift GRBs, and its emission mechanism should be different from that of canonical, farther away GRBs.
Aktualisierte S3-Leitlinie Colitis ulcerosa der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Gastroenterologie, Verdauungs- und Stoffwechselkrankheiten (DGVS)
Authors:   Authors,   Collaborators:
Published: September 2018

ZusammenfassungDie neue S3-Leitlinie Colitis stellt aktuelle und evidenzbasierte Empfehlungen zur Behandlung der Colitis ulcerosa zur Verfügung. Sie ersetzt damit die Vorläuferversion von 2011. Neben den neuesten Erkenntnissen zu Diagnostik und Therapie werden insbesondere infektiologische Probleme, chirurgische und Ernährungsmaßnahmen aufgegriffen. Unter der Federführung der DGVS wurde die Leitlinie gemeinsam mit 10 weiteren Fachgesellschaften und Patientenvertretern erarbeitet mit dem Ziel, eine optimale interdisziplinäre Versorgung der Patienten zu gewährleisten.
Orthorexia nervosa: Verhaltensauffälligkeit oder neue Störungskategorie?
Authors: Strahler Jana , Stark Rudolf 
Published: September 2018

ZusammenfassungZahlreiche epidemiologische Studien zeigen, dass es sich bei Orthorexia nervosa, der zwanghaften Fixierung auf gesundes Essen, um ein bekanntes und verbreitetes Phänomen in verschiedenen Ländern und Kulturen handelt (Prävalenzen zwischen 1 und 7% in der deutschen Allgemeinbevölkerung). Die Diskussion, ob es sich dabei jedoch lediglich um ein gesellschaftliches Phänomen bzw. Verhaltensauffälligkeit handelt, eine (subklinische) Essstörung oder eine Zwangsstörung, oder ob man dieses Verhalten zur Gruppe der Verhaltenssüchte zählen sollte, steht dabei ganz am Anfang. Nur wenige Studien beschäftigen sich mit dieser differenzialdiagnostischen Abgrenzung. Unter Beachtung der Uneinigkeit in Bezug auf die Definition des Phänomens legen aktuelle Studien am ehesten eine Klassifizierung im Rahmen der Essstörungen nahe. Zweifel entstehen v. a. aus dem deutlichen Überlappungsgrad zu anderen Lebensstilmerkmalen. Ähnlich rar sind Studien, die die klinische Relevanz eines orthorektischen Essverhaltens nachzeichnen sowie mögliche Entstehungsmechanismen thematisieren. Alter und Geschlecht spielen nach aktuellen Erkenntnissen eine eher untergeordnete Rolle. Studien zum Einfluss von Bildung und Gewicht deuten auf einen schwachen bis moderaten U-förmigen Zusammenhang mit orthorektischen Verhaltensweisen. Ebenso werden Aspekte wie Schönheitsideal, Perfektionismus sowie Fitness- und Gesundheitsorientierung immer wieder als relevant beschrieben. Studien zu neuropsychologischen und biologischen Korrelaten fehlen fast komplett. Der vorliegende Artikel gibt einen Überblick über den aktuellen Forschungsstand, zeigt verschiedene Erklärungsansätze und reflektiert kritisch über den aktuellen Wissensstand.
Treatments of Choice for Isolated, Full-Thickness Tears of the Posterior Cruciate Ligament: A Nationwide Survey of Orthopaedic Surgeons
Authors: Schumaier Adam , Minoughan Chelsea , Jimenez Andrew , Grawe Brian 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe ideal treatment for isolated, full-thickness tears of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) is uncertain. The purpose of this study was to determine how the majority of orthopaedic surgeons treat isolated, full-thickness tears of the PCL. In July 2017, a 17-question multiple-choice survey regarding the treatment of isolated, full-thickness tears of the PCL was emailed to 3,500 orthopaedic sports medicine surgeons with membership in the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine. Responders answered multiple-choice questions related to indications, technique, graft choice, bracing, and weight-bearing status following reconstruction. Answer choices were then analyzed against surgeon-specific variables. The survey was completed by 663 orthopaedic surgeons. Of the responders, 93% were fellowship trained in sports medicine with an average practice duration of 13 years. The total number of PCLs reconstructed per surgeon was low, 11.6. On average, surgeons estimate they reconstruct the PCL in only 22% of patients with full-thickness tears. The two most common surgical indications were functional limitations and failure of physical therapy. The reconstruction of choice involves a transtibial approach (63%) with a single bundle (87%) allograft (83%) of the Achilles tendon (51%). The postoperative brace is typically locked in extension (66%), and weight-bearing is delayed for 3.8 weeks. Of the surgeons with the fewest years of experience, 39% use all-inside, 89% use allograft, and 24% use dynamic bracing. Compared with surgeons with the most years of experience, only 16% use all-inside (p < 0.01), 57% use allograft (p < 0.01), and 11% use dynamic bracing (p = 0.01). Isolated, full-thickness tears of the PCL are rare injuries that are infrequently reconstructed. The most common indications for reconstruction are functional limitations and failure of conservative management. Most surgeons' treatment of choice for reconstruction involves a transtibial approach with a single bundle Achilles allograft and a postoperative brace locked in extension. On average, weight-bearing is prolonged for 3.8 weeks. The all-inside technique, allograft, and dynamic bracing are becoming more popular.
Implementation and Outcomes of Universal Delayed Umbilical Cord Clamping at Term
Authors: Wesevich Victoria , Tuuli Methodius , Macones George , Cahill Alison , Rhoades Janine 
Published: September 2018

Objective To evaluate the implementation of an institutional protocol for universal delayed umbilical cord clamping (DCC) at term on maternal, neonatal, and umbilical cord blood gas outcomes.
Study Design This is a retrospective cohort study of singleton term gestations from April through July 2017. On June 1, 2017, a protocol was implemented for DCC in all deliveries. Outcomes were compared between patients delivered prior to and those delivered after implementation. The primary outcome was postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). Secondary outcomes were additional adverse maternal, neonatal, and umbilical cord blood gas outcomes. Multivariable logistic regression was used to adjust for potential confounders.
Results Of 682 patients, 341 were delivered preprotocol and 341 were delivered postprotocol. After implementation, there was 91.8% adherence to the protocol. Overall, there was no significant difference in PPH between patients delivered preprotocol and those delivered postprotocol (8.2 vs. 13.2%; adjusted relative risk [aRR]: 1.26, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.98–1.51). There was a significant decrease in the ability to obtain paired arterial and venous umbilical cord blood gases from preprotocol to postprotocol (83 vs. 63.6%; aRR: 0.62 [95% CI: 0.50–0.76]). There were no significant differences in abnormal umbilical cord blood gases or neonatal outcomes.
Conclusion We did not find an increased risk of adverse outcomes associated with the widespread use of DCC.
Identification of a Pivotal Period in the Oral Feeding Progression of Preterm Infants
Authors: Fucile Sandra , Phillips Sarah , Bishop Kelly , Jackson Meagan , Yuzdepski Taylor , Dow Kimberly 
Published: September 2018

Objective Preterm infants are at risk of encountering oral feeding difficulties which impede on the transition to independent oral feeds. The objective of this study was to identify a pivotal period where regressions are most likely to occur during their oral feeding progression.
Study Design This is a retrospective study on 101 infants born <35 weeks' gestation. The sample was separated into two groups, infants who experienced a regression during their oral feeding progression and those who did not. A pivotal period was defined as a time frame where setbacks (a decrease in oral feed attempts by one) are most likely to occur at the start (1–2 oral feed attempts per day), middle (3–5 oral feed attempts per day), or end (6–8 oral feed attempts per day) of the oral feeding progression.
Result Eighty-two percent of infants experienced setbacks; 45% of all setbacks occurred at the middle time frame (p = 0.03). Infants' degree of maturity and enteral tube feeding intolerances were associated with increased occurrence of setbacks (p = 0.04).
Conclusion The midpoint in the oral feeding progression is a pivotal period where setbacks are most likely to occur. This time frame can be used by clinicians to evaluate oral-motor skills for earlier provision of interventions to reduce the occurrence of oral feeding difficulties in this high-risk population.
Antibiotic Use in Pregnancy, Abnormal Fetal Growth, and Development of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Catov Janet , Deihl Tiffany , Feghali Maisa , Scifres Christina , Mission John 
Published: September 2018

Objective Antibiotics are commonly used in pregnancy. Prior studies have indicated that antibiotic use in pregnancy may affect birth weight, whereas data in nonpregnant individuals suggest that antibiotic exposure may increase diabetes risk. We evaluated the impact of antibiotic prescriptions during pregnancy on the prevalence of small for gestational age (SGA) and large for gestational age (LGA) birth weight and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
Study Design This retrospective cohort study of 12,551 women who delivered at a large academic medical center between 2012 and 2014 assessed the number and type of antibiotic prescriptions prior to GDM testing using the electronic medical record. SGA and LGA birth weight and GDM rates were compared among women who were or were not prescribed antibiotics.
Results Overall, 3,991 (31.8%) of 12,551 patients received at least one antibiotic prescription. After covariate adjustment, no differences existed in risk of SGA (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.88–1.15; p = 0.94), LGA (aOR: 1; 95% CI: 0.86–1.17; p = 0.97), or GDM (aOR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.72–1.13; p = 0.36) between women who were or were not prescribed antibiotics.
Conclusion Antibiotic use does not affect the risk of SGA or LGA birth weight or GDM in pregnant women. These results provide reassurance regarding the use of antibiotics when clinically indicated in pregnancy.
Stillbirth and Live Birth at Periviable Gestational Age: A Comparison of Prevalence and Risk Factors
Authors: Carmichael Suzan , Blumenfeld Yair , Mayo Jonathan , Profit Jochen , Shaw Gary , Hintz Susan , Stevenson David 
Published: September 2018

Objective We compared the prevalence of and risk factors for stillbirth and live birth at periviable gestational age (20–25 weeks).
Study Design This is a cohort study of 2.5 million singleton births in California from 2007 to 2011. We estimated racial–ethnic prevalence ratios and used multivariable logistic regression for risk factor comparisons.
Results In this study, 42% of deliveries at 20 to 25 weeks' gestation were stillbirths, and 22% were live births who died within 24 hours. The prevalence of delivery at periviable gestation was 3.4 per 1,000 deliveries among whites, 10.9 for blacks, 3.5 for Asians, and 4.4 for Hispanics. Nonwhite race–ethnicity, lower education, uninsured status, being U.S. born, older age, obesity, smoking, pre-pregnancy hypertension, nulliparity, interpregnancy interval, and prior preterm birth or stillbirth were all associated with increased risk of both stillbirth and live birth at 20 to 25 weeks' gestation, compared with delivery of a live birth at 37 to 41 weeks.
Conclusion Inclusion of stillbirths and live births in studies of deliveries at periviable gestations is important.
Apgar Scores at 10 Minutes and Outcomes in Term and Late Preterm Neonates with Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy in the Cooling Era
Authors: Ayrapetyan Marina , Talekar Kiran , Schwabenbauer Kathleen , Carola David , Solarin Kolawole , McElwee Dorothy , Adeniyi-Jones Susan , Greenspan Jay , Aghai Zubair 
Published: September 2018

Objective To determine the short-term outcomes (abnormal brain magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]/death) in infants born with a 10-minute Apgar score of 0 who received therapeutic hypothermia and compare them with infants with higher scores.
Study Design This is a retrospective review of 293 neonates (gestational age ≥ 35 weeks) born between November 2006 and October 2015 admitted with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy who received therapeutic hypothermia. Results of brain MRIs were assessed by the basal ganglia/watershed scoring system. Short-term outcomes were compared between infants with Apgar scores of 0, 1 to 4, and ≥5 at 10 minutes.
Results Eight of 17 infants (47%) with an Apgar of 0 at 10 minutes survived, having 4 (24%) without abnormalities on the brain MRI and 7 (41%) without severe abnormalities. There was no significant difference in the combined outcomes of “death/abnormal MRI” and “death/severe abnormalities on the MRI” between infants with Apgar scores of 0 and 1 to 4. Follow-up data were available for six of eight surviving infants, and none had moderate or severe neurodevelopmental impairment.
Conclusion In the cooling era, 47% of infants with no audible heart rate at 10 minutes and who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit survived; 24% without abnormalities on the brain MRI and 41% without severe abnormalities.
Non-governmental organizations as key partners in mental health in Europe
Authors: Baumann A. E. 
Published: September 2018

SummaryThe shift towards a rights-based approach to health which has taken place over the past decade has strengthened the role of civil society and their organizations in raising and claiming the entitlements of different social groups. It has become obvious that non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are central to any successful multi-stakeholder partnership, and they have become more recognized as key actors in health policy and programme development and implementation. There is a broad spectrum of NGOs active in the area of mental health in Europe which aim to empower people with mental health problems and their families, give them a voice in health policy development and implementation and in service design and delivery, to raise awareness and fight stigma and discrimination, and foster implementation of obligations set by internationally agreed mental health policy documents. With the endorsement of the Mental Health Action Plan 2013-2020 (20) and the European Mental Health Action Plan (19) stakeholders agree to strengthen capacity of service user and family advocacy groups and to secure their participation as partners in activities for mental health promotion, disorder prevention and improving mental health services.
Psychische Erkrankungen und Migration - es ist nicht so, wie es erscheint
Authors: Mokhtari Nejad R. , Eser-Valeri D. , Falkai P. 
Published: September 2018

Zusammenfassung
Fragestellung: Aufgrund der besonderen Rahmenbedingungen innerhalb der Europäischen Union kommt es zu einer zunehmenden Internationalisierung der Patienten im psychiatrischen Versorgungsalltag. Dabei existieren zahlreiche Barrieren für die Inanspruchnahme der Versorgungsleistungen bei Migrantinnen und Migranten. Im Rahmen einer Fallvignette sollen die Herausforderungen bei der psychiatrischen Behandlung von Patienten mit Migrationshintergrund exemplarisch erläutert werden.
Methode: Ein 48-jähriger aus dem Irak stammender Patient wurde wegen eines chronischen Schmerzsyndroms und ausgeprägter depressiver Symptomatik in der Ambulanz für Menschen mit Migrationshintergrund der LMU München zur weiterführenden Diagnostik vorgestellt. Offensichtlich führten psychosoziale Belastungsfaktoren, wie der Verlust seiner Frau und seiner Tochter, zu depressiven Episoden. Die Schmerzsymptomatik des Patienten konnte nicht geklärt werden.
Zusammenfassung: Mit diesem Fall verdeutlichen wir drei wesentliche Faktoren, die für Schwierigkeiten im diagnostischen Setting bei Patienten mit Migrationshintergrund verantwortlich sein können.Sprachverständigung, kultursensible Versorgung und Vermeidung von Stereotypisierung sind elementar, um die individuelle Situation der Patienten mit Migrationshintergrund zu verstehen und die Behandlung zu verbessern.
Elevated A20 promotes TNF-induced and RIPK1-dependent intestinal epithelial cell death
Authors: Garcia-Carbonell Ricard , Wong Jerry , Kim Ju Youn , Close Lisa Abernathy , Boland Brigid S. , Wong Thomas L. , Harris Philip A. , Ho Samuel B. , Das Soumita , Ernst Peter B. , Sasik Roman , Sandborn William J. , Bertin John , Gough Pete J. , Chang John T. , Kelliher Michelle , Boone David , Guma Monica , Karin Michael 
Published: September 2018

Significance
Excessive apoptosis is detected in the intestinal epithelium of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), where it is frequently TNF-dependent. We show that A20, a protein implicated in negative regulation of NF-κB, is expressed in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) from patients with IBD in areas that exhibit apoptosis. Transgenic mice that overexpress A20 in IECs are highly susceptible to TNF-induced cell death. In these mice, A20 potentiates TNF-induced mucosal erosion and RIPK1-dependent IEC apoptosis through Ripoptosome/RIPK1 activation. A20-enhanced IEC damage and intestinal inflammation can be prevented by RIPK1 inhibitors, suggesting a new approach to IBD treatment.
Spatiotemporal Patterns and Diffusion of the 1918 Influenza Pandemic in British India
Authors: Reyes Olivia , Lee Elizabeth C , Sah Pratha , Viboud Cécile , Chandra Siddharth , Bansal Shweta 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

The factors that drive spatial heterogeneity and diffusion of pandemic influenza remain debated. We characterized the spatiotemporal mortality patterns of the 1918 influenza pandemic in British India and studied the role of demographic factors, environmental variables, and mobility processes on the observed patterns of spread. Fever-related and all-cause excess mortality data across 206 districts in India from January 1916 to December 1920 were analyzed while controlling for variation in seasonality particular to India. Aspects of the 1918 autumn wave in India matched signature features of influenza pandemics, with high disease burden among young adults, (moderate) spatial heterogeneity in burden, and highly synchronized outbreaks across the country deviating from annual seasonality. Importantly, we found population density and rainfall explained the spatial variation in excess mortality, and long-distance travel via railroad was predictive of the observed spatial diffusion of disease. A spatiotemporal analysis of mortality patterns during the 1918 influenza pandemic in India was integrated in this study with data on underlying factors and processes to reveal transmission mechanisms in a large, intensely connected setting with significant climatic variability. The characterization of such heterogeneity during historical pandemics is crucial to prepare for future pandemics.
BhGLM: Bayesian hierarchical GLMs and survival models, with applications to genomics and epidemiology
Authors: Yi Nengjun , Tang Zaixiang , Zhang Xinyan , Guo Boyi 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Summary
BhGLM is a freely available R package that implements Bayesian hierarchical modeling for high-dimensional clinical and genomic data. It consists of functions for setting up various Bayesian hierarchical models, including generalized linear models (GLMs) and Cox survival models, with four types of prior distributions for coefficients, i.e. double-exponential, Student-t, mixture double-exponential and mixture Student-t. These functions adapt fast and stable algorithms to estimate parameters. BhGLM also provides functions for summarizing results numerically and graphically and for evaluating predictive values. The package is particularly useful for analyzing large-scale molecular data, i.e. detecting disease-associated variables and predicting disease outcomes. We here describe the models, algorithms and associated features implemented in BhGLM.

Availability and implementation
The package is freely available from the public GitHub repository, https://github.com/nyiuab/BhGLM.