bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ischemic preconditioning improved renal ischemia/reperfusion injury and hyperglycemia
Authors: Li Jian‐Ri , Ou Yen‐Chuan , Wu Chih‐Cheng , Wang Jiaan‐Der , Lin Shih‐Yi , Wang Ya‐Yu , Chen Wen‐Ying , Chen Chun‐Jung 
Published: November 2018

AbstractRenal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is an alternation of renal hemodynamics, which results in diverse postischemic responses and eventually acute kidney injury. Although renal ischemic preconditioning (IPC) is known to protect the kidney from I/R injury, the precise renoprotective mechanisms are not completely understood. The multiple renoprotective effects of IPC underscore the importance in understanding molecular mechanisms and the targets of action involved. This study aimed to identify the biochemical changes in renal I/R injury and investigate the renoprotective mechanisms of IPC. Herein, renal I/R was produced in adult male Sprague–Dawley rats through the bilateral ligation of renal pedicles for 45 min, followed by reperfusion for 24 h. For the IPC group, rats were subjected to three cycles of 2‐min ischemia, followed by a 5‐min reperfusion, 15 min prior to renal I/R. Our data confirmed the beneficial effects that IPC has on renal I/R injury. IPC‐mediated renoprotection was associated with the resolution of oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and hyperglycemia. Among the numerous signaling molecules involved in the renoprotective mechanisms of IPC, an elevated protein expression of Nrf2, HO‐1, LC3 II conversion, along with Atg12 and protein phosphorylation of AMPK, as well as a decreased protein phosphorylation of ERK, p38 MAPK, and Akt and NF‐κB DNA binding activity were identified. Importantly, the post renal I/R overproduction of counter‐regulatory hormones, impaired hepatic insulin action, and augmented hepatic gluconeogenesis were improved through IPC. As counter‐regulatory hormones have been implicated in the induction of oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, impaired insulin action, hyperglycemia, and tissue destruction, our findings suggest that counter‐regulatory hormones may well be valuable targets of IPC for combatting renal I/R injury. © 2018 IUBMB Life, 71(3):321–329, 2019
Long noncoding RNAs in autoimmune diseases
Authors: Xu Fei , Jin Lei , Jin Yueling , Nie Zhiyan , Zheng Hong 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWith the completion of the human genome project and further development of high‐throughput genomic technologies, interest in long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are defined as non‐protein‐coding RNAs at least 200 nucleotides in length, has strongly increased, and lncRNAs have become a major research direction. Increasing evidence demonstrates that lncRNAs are closely related to human growth and development and to disease occurrence via various mechanisms. lncRNAs also play crucial roles in the differentiation and activation of immune cells, and their relationships with human autoimmune diseases have received increasing attention. The development of biotechnology has led to the gradual discovery of many potential lncRNA functions. In this review, we discuss various lncRNAs that have been implicated in different human autoimmune diseases, focusing on their clinical applications as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the pathologies of diverse human autoimmune diseases. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 468–475, 2019.
Molecular and histological characteristics of bovine caudal nucleus pulposus by combined changes in hydrostatic and osmotic pressures in vitro
Authors: Mizuno Shuichi , Kashiwa Kaori , Kang James D. 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTIntervertebral disc degeneration is ubiquitous among aging patients, and altered matrix homeostasis is one of the key features of this condition. Physicochemical stresses have a significant impact on matrix homeostasis as they lead to progressive degeneration and may be associated with spinal pain and dysfunction. Thus, it is important to understand the cellular and matrix characteristics of nucleus pulposus in response to these stresses, which include hydrostatic and osmotic pressures during alternate loading conditions. We hypothesized that a combination of changes in hydrostatic pressure and in osmotic pressure that mimic normal, daily spinal stress would stimulate anabolic function, whereas a non‐realistic combination of those stresses would stimulate catabolic function in nucleus pulposus cells. We examined the effects of these combined stresses, represented by 12 systematic conditions, on the metabolic activities of enzymatically isolated bovine caudal nucleus pulposus in vitro. We measured the gene expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and evaluated the quality of the matrix and the capability of cell proliferation immunohistologically. Combined cyclic hydrostatic pressure at 0.5 MPa, 0.5 Hz, and high osmotic pressure at 450 mOsm upregulated the aggrecan core protein and collagen type‐II gene expression significantly (p < 0.05), and showed trends of upregulation of chondroitin sulfate N‐acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 1, matrix metalloproteinase‐13, and PCNA. ECM, however, contained empty spaces at a high osmotic pressure with and without hydrostatic pressure. Since ECM has highly specialized physicochemical properties, homeostasis should involve not only phenotypic cellular behavior but also turnover of ECM. © 2018 The Authors. Journal of Orthopaedic Research® Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Orthopaedic Research Society. J Orthop Res 37:466–476, 2019.
Biomimetic proteoglycans can molecularly engineer early osteoarthritic cartilage in vivo
Authors: Phillips Evan R. , Prudnikova Katsiaryna , Bui Tuan , Taylor Adam J. , Galindo Diego A. , Huneke Richard B. , Hou J. Steve , Mulcahey Mary K. , Marcolongo Michele S. 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTBiomimetic proteoglycans (BPGs) have the potential to treat osteoarthritis (OA) given that these molecules mimic the structure and properties of natural proteoglycans, which are significantly reduced in OA. We examined the effects of BPGs injected into the intra‐articular space in an in vivo OA rabbit knee model and evaluated the effect on histological response, joint friction, and BPG distribution and retention. Rabbits underwent ACL transection to create an arthritic state after 5 weeks. OA rabbits were treated with BPGs or Euflexxa® (hyaluronic acid) intra‐articular injections. Non‐OA rabbits were injected similarly with BPGs; contralateral joints served as controls. The progression of OA and response to injections were evaluated using Mankin and gross grading systems indicating that mild OA was achieved in operated joints. The coefficient of friction (COF) of the intact knee joints were measured using a custom pendulum friction apparatus, showing that OA joints and OA + Euflexxa® joints demonstrated increased COF than non‐operated controls, while BPG‐injected non‐OA and OA + BPGs were not significantly different from non‐OA controls. Injected fluorescently labeled BPGs demonstrated that BPGs diffused into cartilage with localization in the pericellular region. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:403–411, 2019.
Air‐assisted liquid–liquid extraction coupled with dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and a drying step for extraction and preconcentration of some phthalate esters from edible oils prior to their determination by GC
Authors: Khoshmaram Leila , Abdolmohammad‐Zadeh Hossein , Ghaffarzadeh Elham 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn this work, a new, cheap, simple, fast, and low organic solvent consuming procedure is proposed for isolation, enrichment, and gas chromatographic determination of some phthalate esters in edible oils. The method is based on a combination of air‐assisted liquid–liquid extraction and dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction followed by a drying step under N2 gas. Several experimental parameters affecting both extraction and preconcentration steps were investigated and optimized. Under the optimum conditions for the proposed method, wide linear ranges (0.05–800 μg/L) and low detection limits (0.007–0.023 μg/L) were observed. The ranges of enrichment factors and extraction recoveries were 68–340 and 14–68%, respectively. Eventually, the target analytes were successfully determined in different edible oils using the proposed method.
A primal‐dual method for the Meyer model of cartoon and texture decomposition
Authors: Wen You‐Wei , Sun Hai‐Wei , Ng Michael K. 
Published: November 2018

SummaryIn this paper, we study the original Meyer model of cartoon and texture decomposition in image processing. The model, which is a minimization problem, contains an l1‐based TV‐norm and an l∞‐based G‐norm. The main idea of this paper is to use the dual formulation to represent both TV‐norm and G‐norm. The resulting minimization problem of the Meyer model can be given as a minimax problem. A first‐order primal‐dual algorithm can be developed to compute the saddle point of the minimax problem. The convergence of the proposed algorithm is theoretically shown. Numerical results are presented to show that the original Meyer model can decompose better cartoon and texture components than the other testing methods.
Hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal axis differentially responses to morning and evening psychological stress in healthy subjects
Authors: Yamanaka Yujiro , Motoshima Hidemasa , Uchida Kenji 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAimThe hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal (HPA) axis responds to changing environmental demands including psychological stressors. The aim of the present study was to assess whether the time of day effects on the acute response of HPA axis activity to acute psychological stress.MethodWe studied 27 healthy young subjects. The subjects were participated two experiments as follows. In the first experiment, subjects were instructed to keep their regular sleep schedule for 2 weeks which were measured by using a wrist‐worn activity monitor. Afterward, to evaluate a diurnal rhythm of salivary cortisol, eight saliva samples were collected during waking period every 2 hours from when the subjects woke up. In the second experiment, the subjects were randomly assigned to two groups. The Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) was performed either in the morning (n = 14) or in the evening (n = 13). We measured diurnal rhythm of salivary cortisol and stress response of salivary cortisol and heart rate by the TSST. Morning and evening tests were started at 2 hours and 10 hours after woke up, respectively.ResultsAll subjects showed a normal diurnal rhythm of salivary cortisol concentration, with a peak in the morning immediately after awaking and a minimum in the evening. The salivary cortisol response after the TSST was significantly increased from the prestress level in the morning but not in the evening.ConclusionThe HPA response to acute psychological stress was more pronounced in the morning than in the evening, correlating with the circadian regulation of cortisol synthesis.
Maree's Backyard: Intercultural Collaborations for Indigenous Sovereignty in Melbourne
Authors: Thorner Sabra , Edmonds Fran , Clarke Maree , Balla Paola 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTIn this article, four women engage, talk, and write about Indigenous sovereignty in Australia's southeast—the region of Australia most devastated by colonial incursion and the site of vibrant cultural activism in the present day. We are two non‐Indigenous academics (Sabra Thorner and Fran Edmonds) working together with two Indigenous artist‐curators (Maree Clarke and Paola Balla) in a process of collaborative, intercultural culture‐making. We mobilise two ethnographic examples—Maree Clarke's backyard and the 2016–2017 Sovereignty exhibition at the Australian Centre for Contemporary Art—to assert that decolonising is an ongoing process which requires that non‐Indigenous peoples acknowledge their own privilege, learn Aboriginal histories, imagine both difference and coexistence; and that the goals of decolonisation are as diverse as the activists calling for it. In both contexts, art/culture‐making, alongside storytelling, are crucial forms of Indigenous knowledge production, led by Aboriginal women via their engagements with the artworld(s) in Melbourne and beyond.
Separation of nine novel triterpene saponins from Camellia japonica seeds using high‐performance countercurrent chromatography and reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Rho Taewoong , Choi Soo‐Jung , Kil Hyun Woo , Ko Jaeyoung , Yoon Kee Dong 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIntroductionCamellia japonica L. (Theaceae) is an evergreen shrub, which is cultivated as a popular ornamental tree in Korea, China, and Japan and its seeds have been used as a source of cooking oil, in cosmetics and as a traditional medicine. Intensive phytochemical works have revealed that oleanane‐type saponins are the characteristic compounds of the seeds of C. japonica.ObjectiveThe purpose of the present study is to isolate and determine oleanane‐type saponins from C. japonica using high‐performance countercurrent chromatography (HPCCC) coupled with reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography (RP‐HPLC) and spectroscopic evidences, respectively.MethodologyHPLC electrospray ionisation quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (ESI‐Q‐TOF‐MS) was applied to profile the saponin composition of an enriched saponin extract of C. japonica seeds. The enriched saponin extract was separated by HPCCC using a dichloromethane/methanol/isopropanol/water (9:6:1:4, v/v/v/v) system and RP‐HPLC. The structures of the isolates were determined utilising ESI‐Q‐TOF‐MS, one‐dimensional and two‐dimensional NMR and optical rotation.ResultsHPCCC on enriched saponin extract of C. japonica yielded four saponin fractions in the order of the number of sugars attached to the triterpene aglycone, and preparative RP‐HPLC on each saponin fraction led to the isolation of nine novel saponins, namely camoreoside A–I, along with six known ones.ConclusionsThis study indicates that combination of HPLC‐ESI‐Q‐TOF‐MS analysis and HPCCC coupled with RP‐HPLC are excellent tools for discovering saponins from natural sources.
Dess‐martin periodinane: The reactivity of a λ5‐iodane catalyst explained by topological analysis
Authors: Tantardini Christian , Michalchuk Adam A. L. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractDess‐Martin periodinane (DMP) and its derivatives are popular organic catalysts. DMP is extremely reactive in the presence of alcohols, catalyzing their oxidative conversion into ketones. However, despite their widespread use, this reactivity has not yet been explained. In the present work, a quantum chemical topological approach is taken to study the electronic structure of DMP. Topological analysis revealed two of the Iodine interpuncts ligand interactions to be notably weaker than the two others. Combined with study of the domain‐averaged Fermi hole (DAFH), it was confirmed that the iodine center is λ5‐hypervalent, forming two 3‐center‐4‐electron and two 3‐center‐2‐electrons bonds. The weakness of these multicenter bonds is ascribed to the high reactivity displayed by DMP. The ability to tune the ligand‐iodine interactions is investigated by altering the electronic structure of the ligands. It is demonstrated that DAFH analysis offers powerful insight into the understanding of molecular reactivity.
Product Distributions of Fischer‐Tropsch Synthesis over Core‐Shell Catalysts: The Effects of Diverse Shell Thickness
Authors: Tian Zhipeng , Wang Chenguang , Si Zhan , Wang Yachen , Chen Lungang , Liu Qiying , Zhang Qi , Xu Ying , Ma Longlong 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA series of core‐shell catalysts with different shell thickness were synthesized and the effect of microporous silica shell on product distribution of Fischer‐Tropsch synthesis was analyzed. Fe3O4 core was prepared by hydrothermal method and the amorphous SiO2 shell was coated on the Fe3O4 core by sol‐gel method. N2 adsorption‐desorption analysis indicated an irregular and microporous silica shell and the pore size distribution moved to smaller diameter with the shell thickness increased. In Fischer‐Tropsch synthesis, inactive silica shell increased catalytic activity (FTY) and stability by restricting catalyst cracking and sintering. Product distribution shifted to C1‐C4 gaseous hydrocarbons with the increasing shell thickness probably due to the diffusion limitations on reactants/products and structure confinement and separation effect of microporous silica shell on restricting the growth of catalytic active particles. Selectivities of C5+ were restricted within 10% for core‐shell catalysts. WGS reaction activity is reduced as well, which constrains side reaction and amplifies FTS catalytic productivity to hydrocarbons.
Copper Catalyzed Alcohol Oxidation and Cleavage of β‐O‐4 Lignin Model Systems: From Development to Mechanistic Examination
Authors: Salonen H. Eemil P. , Mecke Carsten P. A. , Karjomaa Miika I. , Joensuu Pekka M. , Koskinen Ari M. P. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractLignin, an abundant natural polymer with high aromaticity, is a potential source of renewable chemicals and fuels among other biomaterials. Herein, a study on copper catalyzed alcohol oxidation and cleavage of lignin β‐O‐4 model substrates is reported. The potential of CuX/BiPy/TEMPO(/additive) systems (X=halide or triflate, BiPy=2,2’‐bipyridine; TEMPO=2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine‐N‐oxyl) was explored and the optimized protocol was studied with several type of model compounds. Mechanistic studies elucidated two types of cascade reactions: Both involve a cleavage of Cα–Cβ bond, which is most likely activated by 1) primary alcohol oxidation in β‐O‐4 glycerolaryl ethers resulting in retro‐aldol cleavage and 2) Cβ–H oxidation after secondary alcohol oxidation in β‐O‐4 ethanolaryl ethers leading to oxidative radical cleavage. The first process affords aromatic aldehydes while the latter delivers aryl acids.
Effect of Small Nb‐doping Amount on the Performance of BaCoO3‐δ‐based Perovskite as Bifunctional Oxygen Catalysts
Authors: Li Kangming , Yin Meiyao , Wang Zhigang , Chen Xiaoyang , Zhu Tenglong , Wang Juan , Dewangan Nikita , Yu Yang , Zhong Qin , Kawi Sibudjing 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPerovskite oxides are of great interest as cost‐effective replacements for noble metals and oxides employed in bifunctional electrocatalysts including the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). In this work, a series of Bi/Nb co‐doped BaCoO3‐δ‐based perovskite oxides BaBi0.05Co0.95‐xNbxO3‐δ (BBC0.95‐xNx, x=0.1, 0.15, 0.2) were synthesized and evaluated as oxygen electrocatalysts for ORR and OER. It is interesting to note that Nb‐doping amount is related to the contents of surface oxygen vacancies and oxidation states of cobalt, subsequently inducing performance differences among BBC0.95‐xNx. Results show that BBC0.95‐xNx have bifunctional electrocatalytic activities toward both ORR and OER in alkaline media. Compared with the BBC0.85N0.1 and BBC0.8N0.15, BBC0.75N0.2 with the highest Nb‐doping rate delivered a lowest total overpotential between the ORR and the OER. Moreover, the BBC0.95‐xNx catalysts deliver outstanding durability and methanol tolerance for ORR, better than Pt/C. BBC0.95‐xNx holding promising application as nonprecious bifunctional catalysts.
Five‐, Four‐ and Three‐Dentate Europium Chelates for Anion Sensing and Their Applicability to Enzymatic Dephosphorylation Reactions
Authors: Mohamed Zainelabdeen. H. , Soukka Tero , Arenz Christoph , Schäferling Michael 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe design of anion‐sensitive probes with sufficient sensitivity and selectivity is a demanding task in analytical sciences and chemical sensor technology. The reversible binding of anions to lanthanide centers is a possible approach for the development of molecular anion sensors, as reversibility is a prerequisite for continuous sensing and monitoring of enzymatic reactions. Some anion species lead to a strong increase of luminescence intensities and lifetimes by the replacement of luminescence quenching water molecules, though the selectivity of the luminescence response is still a major problem. We synthesized a series of positively charged pyridyl‐based multidentate europium complexes (five‐, four‐ and three dentate) including sensitizing chromophores and studied their luminescence intensity and lifetime responses to different polyphosphates, pyrophosphate, phosphate anions, and carboxyanions. The results revealed that the number and symmetry of the binding sites have a significant impact on the response. The five‐dentate complex was used for the real‐time monitoring of the activity of the ATP hydrolyzing enzyme apyrase.
Dünne PVD‐Hartstoffschichten zur Online‐Temperaturmessung
Authors: Bobzin Kirsten , Brögelmann Tobias , Kruppe Nathan C. , Stalpers Lore , Janowitz Julia 
Published: November 2018

SummaryThin PVD hard coatings for the online temperature measurementIn the processing industry, process control and the improvement of manufacturing processes become increasingly important. Therefore the acquisition of important process data during production becomes the focus of attention. Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) allows the deposition of only a few micrometers thin coatings, which follow the shape of the coated surface. They have functionalities and can also increase the wear and corrosion resistance of the coated production tool or components. The aim of this article was the development of thin PVD coatings which can measure temperatures ranging from room temperature up to several hundred centigrades. Therefore, two different coating systems are presented and analyzed with regard to their suitability for temperature measurement. The overall aim is intended to measure the temperature in the interface between the tool surface and the processed workpiece in cutting process or between the tool surface and the melt by primary forming. The sensor coating provides the possibility of an online temperature measurement and the forwarding of this process data. The operating principle is based on the thermoelectric effect, which is also known as the Seebeck effect.
Industrie 4.0
Authors: Pick Michael , Kleßen Marcel , Bergner Ute 
Published: November 2018

SummaryIndustry 4.0 – Challenges for constructions of vacuum systemsVacuum systems are finding their way into branches and belonging modern process chains which were hardly in contact with UHV technology in the past. Besides an automatic operation and a flawless processing of parts, vacuum systems and their peripheral devices have to feature options for data output and analysis for subsequent processing in e.g. MES to come up with Industry 4.0 requirements. Subcomponents in vacuum technology partly comply with these requirements in a insufficient way because of their unchanged demands over the last decades. This makes integration into an automatic system more difficult. Despite of that, Industry 4.0 compliant vacuum systems are already producible when there's access to high‐level experiences in vacuum and automation technology. This is shown by the examples of residual gas analysis and cleanliness measurement systems and the vacuum bake out oven. A cooperation of vacuum system manufacturers and manufacturers of components is necessary in the future to be able to produce automated vacuum systems in a more efficient way.