bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining the relationship between complications and perioperative mortality following radical cystectomy: a population‐based analysis
Authors: Mossanen Matthew , Krasnow Ross E. , Zlatev Dimitar V. , Tan Wei Shen , Preston Mark A. , Trinh Quoc‐Dien , Kibel Adam S. , Sonpavde Guru , Schrag Deborah , Chung Benjamin I. , Chang Steven L. 
Published: November 2018

ObjectiveTo examine the incidence of perioperative complications after radical cystectomy (RC) and assess their impact on 90‐day postoperative mortality during the index stay and upon readmission.Patients and methodsA total of 57 553 patients with bladder cancer (unweighted cohort: 9137 patients) treated with RC, at 360 hospitals in the USA between 2005 and 2013 within the Premier Healthcare Database, were used for analysis. The 90‐day perioperative mortality was the primary outcome. Multivariable regression was used to predict the probability of mortality; models were adjusted for patient, hospital, and surgical characteristics.ResultsAn increase in the number of complications resulted in an increasing predicted probability of mortality, with a precipitous increase if patients had four or more complications compared to one complication during hospitalisation following RC (index stay; 1.0–9.7%, P < 0.001) and during readmission (2.0–13.1%, P < 0.001). A readmission complication nearly doubled the predicted probability of postoperative mortality as compared to an initial complication (3.9% vs 7.4%, P < 0.001). During the initial hospitalisation cardiac‐ (odds ratio [OR] 3.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.9–5.1), pulmonary‐ (OR 4.8, 95% CI 2.8–8.4), and renal‐related (OR 3.6, 95% CI 2–6.7) complications had the most significant impact on the odds of mortality across categories examined.ConclusionsThe number and nature of complications have a distinct impact on mortality after RC. As complications increase there is an associated increase in perioperative mortality.
Detection of circulating tumor cells with a novel microfluidic system in malignant pleural mesothelioma
Authors: Yoneda Kazue , Kuwata Taiji , Chikaishi Yasuhiro , Mori Masataka , Kanayama Masatoshi , Takenaka Masaru , Oka Soichi , Hirai Ayako , Imanishi Naoko , Kuroda Koji , Ichiki Yoshinobu , Ohnaga Takashi , Tanaka Fumihiro 
Published: November 2018

Detection of rare tumor cells circulating in the blood (CTCs) presents technical challenges. CellSearch, the only approved system for clinical use, fails to capture epithelial cell adhesion molecule‐negative CTCs such as malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). We have developed a novel microfluidic device (CTC‐chip) in which any Ab to capture CTCs is conjugated. The CTC‐chip was coated with an Ab against podoplanin that is abundantly expressed on MPM. Circulating tumor cell‐detection performance was evaluated in experimental models in which MPM cells were spiked in blood sampled from a healthy volunteer and in clinical samples drawn from MPM patients. The CTC‐chip showed superior CTC‐detection performance over CellSearch in experimental models (sensitivity, 63.3%‐64.5% vs 0%‐1.1%; P < .001) and in clinical samples (CTC‐positivity, 68.8% vs 6.3%; P < .001). A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that the CTC test provided a significant diagnostic performance in discrimination of unresectable disease from resectable disease (area under the ROC curve, 0.851; P = .003). The higher CTC count (≥2 cells/mL) was significantly associated with a poor prognosis (P = .030). The novel CTC‐chip enabled sensitive detection of CTCs, which provided significant diagnostic and prognostic information in MPM.
Cyclohexanone curcumin analogs inhibit the progression of castration‐resistant prostate cancer in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Mapoung Sariya , Suzuki Shugo , Fuji Satoshi , Naiki‐Ito Aya , Kato Hiroyuki , Yodkeeree Supachai , Ovatlarnporn Chitchamai , Takahashi Satoru , Limtrakul (Dejkriengkraikul) Pornngarm 
Published: November 2018

Many prostate cancer patients develop resistance to treatment called castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) which is the major cause of recurrence and death. In the present study, four cyclohexanone curcumin analogs were synthesized. Additionally, their anticancer progression activity on CRPC cell lines, PC3 and PLS10 cells, was examined. We first determined their anti‐metastasis properties and found that 2,6‐bis‐(4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxy‐benzylidene)‐cyclohexanone (2A) and 2,6‐bis‐(3,4‐dihydroxy‐benzylidene)‐cyclohexanone (2F) showed higher anti‐invasion properties against CRPC cells than curcumin. Analog 2A inhibited both MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 secretions and activities, whereas analog 2F reduced only MMP activities. These findings suggest that the compounds may inhibit CRPC cell metastasis by decreased extracellular matrix degradation. Analog 2A, the most potent analog, was then subjected to an in vivo study. Similar to curcumin, analog 2A was detectable in the serum of mice at 30 and 60 minutes after i.p. injections. Analog 2A and curcumin (30 mg/kg bodyweight) showed a similar ability to reduce tumor area in lungs of mice that were i.v. injected with PLS10 cells. Additionally, analog 2A showed superior growth inhibitory effect on PLS10 cells than that of curcumin both in vitro and in vivo. The compound inhibited PLS10 cells growth by induction of G1 phase arrest and apoptosis in vitro. Interestingly, analog 2A significantly decreased tumor growth with downregulation of cell proliferation and angiogenesis in PLS10‐bearing mice. Taken together, we could summarize that analog 2A showed promising activities in inhibiting CRPC progression both in vitro and in vivo.
Digital cytopathology: A constant evolution (Comments on Capitanio et al. Digital cytology: A short review of technical and methodological approaches and applications)
Authors: Van Es Simone L. , White Vanessa , Ross Jennifer , Greaves Janelle , Gay Stephanie , Holzhauser Derek , Badrick Tony 
Published: November 2018

Capitanio et al provide a succinct review of digital cytopathology technology with particularly good overviews of scanner focusing methodologies as well as explanations of deep focusing techniques. The aim of this letter to the editor is to briefly comment and expand on some of the information provided by these authors.
How compatible are numerical classifications based on whole‐profile vis–NIR spectra and the Chinese Soil Taxonomy?
Authors: Zeng R. , Rossiter D. G. , Zhang G. L. 
Published: November 2018

SummaryModern monothetic hierarchical soil classification systems such as the Chinese Soil Taxonomy (CST) are semi‐quantitative and their future development is likely to trend towards a fully quantitative system using the concepts of numerical taxonomy. Previous researchers have calculated the taxonomic distances between individual soils based on soil physiochemical properties, not, however, based on spectra of full soil profiles with different horizons. We hypothesized that numerical taxonomy implemented by cluster analysis of the taxonomic distance matrix based on vis–NIR spectra would accord with some CST Orders assigned by pedologists, and not with others, depending on how closely spectral features represent the diagnostic features used in the classification. Taxonomic distances in spectral space were computed for all pairs of 191 profiles, resulting in a distance matrix on which hierarchical cluster analysis was performed. Different indices were calculated to determine the optimum number of clusters, resulting in four spectral soil classes. These were then compared with CST Orders assigned to the profiles by expert allocation. The numerical classes and CST Orders matched poorly because of the completely different classification philosophies behind numerical taxonomy and the CST, which is based largely on presumed genesis and uses sharp thresholds leading to very similar soils being allocated to different classes. Thus, we consider the numerical classification as information that is complementary to the monothetic hierarchical system. Numerical classification can reveal the taxonomic objective aspects of the relation between the defined classes and can suggest new groupings.Highlights
Taxonomic distances can serve as an objective measure of soil similarity.
Soil spectra are a good candidate for numerical classification based on taxonomic distances.
The conceptual basis of Chinese Soil Taxonomy (CST) does not match that of taxonomic distance.
Numerical classification based on spectra can suggest revisions to the CST.
Treatment of a poorly differentiated sarcoma in the oropharynx of a horse
Authors: Radtke A. , Caruso M. , Miller A. , Getman L. 
Published: November 2018

SummaryA 10‐year‐old Thoroughbred mare was referred to Tennessee Equine Hospital for evaluation and treatment of a subepiglottic mass. Physical and laboratory examinations revealed no other abnormalities. The tumour was excised through a laryngotomy site using transendoscopic laser and sharp excision. Histological evaluation revealed a poorly differentiated sarcoma with features of a leiomyosarcoma, a rarely identified neoplasm in the oropharynx of the horse. The mare developed intermittent dorsal displacement of the soft palate (iDDSP) after surgery but was able to resume full training. There was no evidence of regrowth 8 months post‐operatively.
Delivering information literacy within a global health care degree: reflections from a health information specialist
Authors: Fredriksson Marketta 
Published: November 2018

AbstractHigher education institutions (HEIs) have a growing interest in establishing International joint degree programmes in developing countries. A Master′s degree in global health care is an international joint degree programme run by two Finnish Universities of Applied Sciences and one Kenyan University. To provide students and staff members who live in Finland with an authentic experience of the circumstances in the developing countries, part of the programme involves delivering a two‐week intensive course in Kenya. Health library services and information literacy training have a significant presence during this intensive course. In this paper, guest writer Marketta Fredriksson describes and reflects on the involvement of the health care library team in the development and implementation of this degree and delivery of the intensive course in Kenya.H.S.
Peer review processes at the Health Information and Libraries Journal
Authors: Grant Maria J. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractResponding to referee comments, the Health Information and Libraries Journal Editorial Advisory Board has been engaged in a large‐scale project to review and revise local peer review processes. What has emerged is a review process which enables referees to provide a more nuanced review to the editorial team and authors. The revised processes have now been implemented in the ScholarOne Manuscripts submission system. Thank you to everyone who has contributed to peer reviewing for the Health Information and Libraries Journal in 2018.
Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) based on citric acid and sucrose as a potential green technology: a comprehensive study of water inclusion and its effect on thermal, physical and rheological properties
Authors: Savi Lizandra Kamradt , Dias Mariana Carolina Gipiela Corrêa , Carpine Danielle , Waszczynskyj Nina , Ribani Rosemary Hoffmann , Haminiuk Charles Windson Isidoro 
Published: November 2018

SummaryIn this work, NADES based on sucrose and citric acid was synthesised and evaluated. Physical properties such as density, viscosity and thermal profile were evaluated at different temperatures and water contents. Viscosity and density were inversely affected by temperature and water content. Increases in the sucrose fraction resulted in higher viscosity, but no differences in density were observed. The rheological model of Ostwald‐de‐Waele indicated three distinct rheological behaviours at different temperatures, water content and sucrose fractions. The Arrhenius model showed a good fit for the temperature effect on the apparent viscosity of all NADESs. The NADES decomposition temperature was approximately 393 K. The thermal characterisation revealed that all NADESs presented glass transitions at temperatures below 204.59 K, confirming their formation and stability. Based on these results, the NADES proposed appears as potential green solvent to be used in industrial processes such as extraction, separation and biochemical technology.
Anthocyanin extracts of lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis‐idaea L.) attenuate serum lipids and cholesterol metabolism in HCD‐induced hypercholesterolaemic male mice
Authors: Zhang Zi‐cheng , Zhou Qing , Huangfu Gu‐yu , Wu Ying , Zhang Jiu‐liang 
Published: November 2018

SummaryThis study is aimed to evaluate the hypocholesterolaemic effect of anthocyanin extracts of lingonberry (LAE) in vitro and vivo studies. In vitro, LAE can effectively inhibit the micellisation of cholesterol with significant dose–effect relationship. In animal experiments, after 10‐weeks of LAE administration, lower values of body mass, daily food intake, liver weight, visceral adipose content, TC level, LDL‐C level, fasting blood glucose level and higher HDL‐C level in serum, cholesterol content and total bile acid content in faeces are observed in HCD‐induced hypercholesterolaemic mice compared with model group. These observations suggest that LAE could promote the metabolism of serum cholesterol in HCD‐induced hypercholesterolaemic mice primarily via faecal excretion of cholesterol. Furthermore, LAE may reduce the inflammatory cell infiltration and attenuate steatosis and hepatocellular fat deposit in the liver. Our results indicate that LAE is a potential dietary supplement in cholesterol‐lowering or for hypercholesterolaemic treatment. These findings may provide important basis for further optimisation of dietary anthocyanins utilisation.
Intestinal absorption of small peptides: a review
Authors: Shen Weilin , Matsui Toshiro 
Published: November 2018

SummaryPeptides display diverse structural features because of their varied amino acid compositions. The structural diversity often imparts them complex physiological functions, or possible health‐beneficial effects. Some small peptides (di‐/tripeptides) exert preventive effects against conditions such as hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia and atherosclerosis. Despite their health benefits, a limited understanding of peptide absorption may hinder their extensive application. Therefore, this review briefly introduces the in vitro and in vivo findings on the intestinal absorption of small peptides and potential factors affecting their absorption.
How I investigate Eosinophilia
Authors: Larsen Rebecca L. , Savage Natasha M. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractEosinophilia is typically secondary, that is, reactive, in nature and is associated with a wide variety of neoplastic and non‐neoplastic disorders. Clonal eosinophilia is also seen in a wide variety of hematopoietic neoplasms, and sub‐classification can be diagnostically challenging. A proper evaluation of persistent eosinophilia involves correlation of clinical history, laboratory data, cellular morphology, and ancillary testing. Knowledge of appropriate ancillary testing is necessary for a timely diagnosis. We present a review of the literature regarding eosinophilia, including the 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) update of WHO‐defined eosinophilic disorders. We also present a review of eosinophilia in a case‐based format including guidelines for evaluation of both routine and challenging cases. The purpose of this guideline is not to provide an in‐depth discussion of each diagnosis, but rather a practical method that all pathologists can utilize to investigate eosinophilia.
Both Familiar and New: Reimagining Catholic Sexual Ethics
Authors: Kalbian Aline H. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe authors of the three essays featured in this focus challenge assumptions that are central to the official Catholic teachings on sexual ethics. Elizabeth Antus and Megan McCabe do so by taking on topics that have not received much attention from the magisterium. Cristina Traina urges us to think differently about the way we usually frame the moral issue of abortion. Although they address different moral problems, I argue in this introduction that they highlight common themes—social sin, interruption, and solidarity—share methodological commitments to using empirical data and to valuing human experiences, and push us to imagine a sexual ethic grounded in a just vision of human sexual flourishing.
“Was It Good for You?”: Recasting Catholic Sexual Ethics in Light of Women’s Sexual Pain Disorders
Authors: Antus Elizabeth L. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractOver the past one hundred years, Catholic sexual ethics has become more hospitable to sexual bonding as a good that is distinct from procreation. However, our increasing knowledge of women’s sexual pain disorders highlights ongoing problems with official Catholic sexual ethics. This essay argues that the Catholic Church still reproduces gendered social scripts that unwittingly encourage heterosexual women to ignore their sexual pain and continue to engage desperately in intercourse, out of an exacerbated concern to satisfy male partners. These are tactics that only prolong and deepen women’s sexual suffering. Further, insights about the various options for women’s healing from sexual pain concretely suggest more liberative sexual scripts: the importance of women’s non‐obligatory, embodied desire and the need to reject intercourse as the compulsory norm for all sexual activity. Ultimately, women’s experiences of having sexual pain and healing from it lead to revisions in Catholic sexual ethics at a fundamental level.
Between a Rock and a Hard Place: Unwanted Pregnancy, Mercy, and Solidarity
Authors: Traina Cristina L. H. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractOver the last half century, United States debates about abortion focused at first on the question whether the fetus is a person with rights and later on whether involuntary conception—for instance, as a consequence of sexual assault—might mitigate a woman’s responsibilities toward the fetus she carries. This article argues that, whatever one’s position on these two questions, a third, morally salient dimension of most US women’s experiences of unwanted pregnancy deserves more attention: both abortion and birth burden women with their inevitable moral failure to fulfill their responsibilities to persons who frequently have de facto last‐resort and unavoidable claims on them. Using Lisa Tessman’s work on moral failure and Pope Francis’s interventions on abortion and mercy, I argue that this moral anguish is not a simple emotional remainder. Structural evil, not necessity, is the primary driver of forced pregnancy choices that injure women and their children both materially and morally. Consequently, whether they abort or carry to term, women with unwanted pregnancies need mercy or forgiveness. But they also need compassionate solidarity: prophetic, active efforts to transform the social structures that make material harm and moral failure, and consequent moral anguish and moral injury, inevitable for many pregnant women.
You Deserve to Suffer for What You Did
Authors: Cates Diana Fritz 
Published: November 2018

AbstractOn many philosophical accounts, the emotion of anger includes a belief that we have been wrongly injured by someone, deliberately or from a lack of due regard. It includes also the belief that the person who injured us deserves to suffer for what she did. Her suffering would serve as fair payback for the suffering she caused us. In slightly different terms, anger includes a desire to strike back at someone who has injured us because we believe that hurting her will compensate for our hurt. A key ethical question concerning anger is whether indulging a desire for retribution or payback is worthy of us as persons.
Clearing Up Some Misunderstandings: A Reply to L. Philip Barnes
Authors: Giannini Heidi Chamberlin 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMuch of Barnes’s critique depends on a misunderstanding of my position and, where we do substantively disagree, Barnes’s arguments fail to take into account important distinctions. As a result, his arguments are not persuasive. In my reply, I begin by clarifying my position and then proceed to address specific points of disagreement, identifying those distinctions that Barnes needs to take into account in critiquing my view.
Personalised medicine in paediatric oncology: Ethical practice outside the clinical trial framework?
Authors: Hansford Jordan R 
Published: November 2018

AbstractModern paediatric oncology practice has rapidly evolved from a fatal condition at diagnosis in the 1940s to modern survival rates of over 80%. With the advent of the ‘omics’ era and modern diagnostics platforms, we can now determine many of the molecular driving mechanisms of malignancy. Current molecular diagnostics trials PRISM and AIM/MNP, open in Australia, allow accurate diagnosis and determination of the molecular drivers of many cancers leading to new targeted opportunities for treatment. Unfortunately, clinical trial support, development and drug access for children has lagged behind. This is leaving clinicians and their institutions with increasingly difficult medical and ethical decisions, further complicating an already demanding profession.
Layer‐specific myocardial function in asymptomatic cats with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy assessed using 2‐dimensional speckle‐tracking echocardiography
Authors: Suzuki Ryohei , Mochizuki Yohei , Yoshimatsu Hiroki , Niina Ayaka , Teshima Takahiro , Matsumoto Hirotaka , Koyama Hidekazu 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundHypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), a primary disorder of the myocardium, is the most common cardiac disease in cats. However, determination of layer‐specific myocardial function with 2D speckle‐tracking echocardiography in cats with asymptomatic HCM has not yet been reported.ObjectivesTo quantitatively measure layer‐specific myocardial function of asymptomatic cats with HCM.AnimalsTen client‐owned, asymptomatic cats with obstructive HCM and 13 healthy cats.MethodsA retrospective, case‐control study. Cats underwent assessment of layer‐specific myocardial function (whole, endocardial, and epicardial) in the longitudinal and circumferential directions by using 2D speckle‐tracking echocardiography.ResultsLongitudinal strains were significantly lower in cats with HCM than controls in the whole (−15.5% vs −19.1%), endocardial (−18.3% vs −21.8%), and epicardial (−13.1% vs −16.8%) layers. Circumferential strains in whole and epicardial layers also were significantly lower in cats with HCM as compared with controls (−15.0% vs −20.2% and − 4.4% vs −9.4%, respectively). However, no significant difference was found between cats with HCM and controls in the global circumferential strain in the endocardial layer (−31.2% vs −34.2%). The circumferential endocardial‐to‐epicardial strain ratio was significantly higher in cats with HCM than in controls (6.1 vs 3.5).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceLayer‐specific myocardial function assessed by 2D speckle‐tracking echocardiography differed in asymptomatic cats with obstructive HCM compared to controls despite their apparently normal systolic function, as determined by conventional echocardiography. The maintained endocardial circumferential strain and higher circumferential endocardial‐to‐epicardial strain ratio may reflect compensation for occult systolic dysfunction in cats with obstructive HCM.