bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The voice of nurses: Novice nurses’ first experiences in a clinical setting. A longitudinal diary study
Authors: ten Hoeve Yvonne , Kunnen Saskia , Brouwer Jasperina , Roodbol Petrie F 
Published: February 2018

Aims and objectivesTo gain greater understanding of which personal and professional demands novice nurses are confronted with and what can be done to improve the transition from novice to professional staff nurse.BackgroundNovice nurses are confronted with a lot of physical, emotional and intellectual changes in the role‐transition process from student nurse to professional staff nurse, which are often related to feelings of confusion, uncertainty and stress. Few studies have investigated, on a longitudinal basis, the lived experiences of novice nurses in the clinical setting.DesignThe study adopted a qualitative longitudinal approach to investigate the described experiences of novice nurses during their first 2 years after graduation. Written diaries were selected for optimal data collection.MethodsA sample of eighteen novice nurses was recruited from several wards at a University Medical Center in the Netherlands. The inclusion criteria were a Bachelor's degree in nursing, aged under 30, and no more than 1 year's work experience. Data were collected from weekly measurements from September 2013–September 2014.ResultsEight major themes emerged from the diaries (n = 580): relatedness, competence, development, organisational context, existential events, goals, autonomy and fit. This study revealed that the need for relatedness was by far the most reported theme. Support and positive feedback from colleagues appeared to be crucial for novices starting work in a highly complex environment.ConclusionThis study showed that one of the strategies novice nurses use to deal with challenging and existential situations is to share their experiences with colleagues. Therefore, novice nurses should always work in a safe environment which enables this.Relevance to clinical practiceIdentification of key issues around understanding novice nurses’ first clinical experiences may help to improve their transition from novice to professional staff nurse. The presence and support from supervisors and mentors are inevitable to keep novice nurses motivated for the profession.
Building the foundation to generate a fundamental care standardised data set
Authors: Jeffs Lianne , Muntlin Athlin Asa , Needleman Jack , Jackson Debra , Kitson Alison 
Published: February 2018

Aim and objectivesThis paper provides an overview of the current state of performance measurement, key trends and a methodological approach to leverage in efforts to generate a standardised data set for fundamental care.BackgroundConsiderable transformation is occurring in health care globally with organisations focusing on achieving the quadruple aim of improving the experience of care, the health of populations, and the experience of providing care while reducing per capita costs of health care. In response, healthcare organisations are employing performance measurement and quality improvement methods to achieve the quadruple aim. Despite the plethora of measures available to health managers, there is no standardised data set and virtually no indicators reflecting how patients actually experience the delivery of fundamental care, such as nutrition, hydration, mobility, respect, education and psychosocial support.ConclusionsGiven the linkages of fundamental care to safety and quality metrics, efforts to build the evidence base and knowledge that captures the impact of enacting fundamental care across the healthcare continuum and lifespan should include generating a routinely collected data set of relevant measures.Relevance to clinical practiceThis paper provides an overview of the current state of performance measurement, key trends and a methodological approach to leverage in efforts to generate a standardised data set for fundamental care. Standardised data sets enable comparability of data across clinical populations, healthcare sectors, geographic locations and time and provide data about care to support clinical, administrative and health policy decision‐making.
Effects of glucosamine supplements on painful temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis: A systematic review
Authors: Melo G. , Casett E. , Stuginski‐Barbosa J. , Guerra E. N. S. , Fernandes D. A. , Porporatti A. L. , Flores‐Mir C. , De Luca Canto G. 
Published: February 2018

SummaryThe purpose of this study was to systematically review the literature for studies that assessed the effects of glucosamine supplements (GS) on pain and maximum mouth opening (MMO) restriction compared to other therapies, placebo or no intervention on painful temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA). Randomised controlled trials were selected in a two‐phase process. Seven electronic databases, in addition to three grey literature databases, were searched. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. Twelve potentially eligible studies were identified, from which three were finally included. Furthermore, two were categorised at low risk and one at high risk of bias. Intervention groups were treated with glucosamine‐sulphate, while controls were treated with placebo or ibuprofen. In two studies, GS were equally effective regarding pain reduction and mouth opening improvement compared to ibuprofen taken two or three times a day over 12 weeks; however, one study did not find significant differences in follow‐up evaluations concerning these clinical variables in both glucosamine and placebo groups administered over six weeks. There is very low evidence regarding GS therapeutic effects on TMJ OA. Considering a follow‐up of 12 weeks, GS were as effective as ibuprofen taken two or three times a day. However, over six weeks of medication intake, GS were not superior to placebo. Still, included studies presented major drawbacks, and therefore, conclusions must be interpreted with caution.
Culturable microfungi inhibitory to Armillaria rhizomorph formation from Fagus sylvatica stump roots and soil
Authors: Kwaśna Hanna , Szynkiewicz‐Wronek Anna 
Published: February 2018

AbstractCulturable fungi from 28 fungal communities were isolated from soil, rhizosphere and thick (1 cm diam.) roots of living beech (Fagus sylvatica) trees and their stumps 1–3 years after felling. All fungi were morphotyped and identified morphologically. The frequency of fungi was 2–5× greater in stumps than in living trees. The diversity of fungi was similar in living trees and stumps. The majority of fungal species that occurred at greater frequency on/in roots of stumps reduced the growth of Armillaria ostoyae and to a smaller extent of A. gallica rhizomorphs in a soil substrate in vitro. It is suggested that the mycobiota of roots may constrain the colonization of F. sylvatica by A. ostoyae rather than by A. gallica. The significance of these findings in the epidemiology of Armillaria in beech forests is discussed.
Morphometric and histopathological evaluation of the effect of grape seed proanthocyanidin on alveolar bone loss in experimental diabetes and periodontitis
Authors: Toker H. , Balci Yuce H. , Lektemur Alpan A. , Gevrek F. , Elmastas M. 
Published: February 2018

ObjectiveGrape seed proanthocyanidine extract (GSPE) is a strong antioxidant derived from the grape seeds (Vitis vinifera, Terral J.F.) and has a polyphenolic structure with a wide range of biological activity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of GSPE on alveolar bone loss and histopathological changes in rats with diabetes mellitus and ligature‐induced periodontitis.Material and MethodsForty rats were divided into 6 study groups. Control (C, 6 rats) group, periodontitis (P, 6 rats) group, diabetes (D, 6 rats) group, diabetes and periodontitis (D+P, 6 rats) group, diabetes, periodontitis and 100 mg/kg/day GSPE (GSPE‐100, 8 rats), and diabetes, periodontitis and 200 mg/kg/day GSPE (GSPE‐200, 8 rats) group. Diabetes mellitus was induced by intraperitoneal injection of a single dose of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). Periodontitis was induced via ligation method. Silk ligatures were placed at the mandibular right first molars. GSPE was administered by oral gavage. After 30 days, all rats were killed. Alveolar bone loss was measured morphometrically via a stereomicroscope. For histopathological analyses, Alizarin red staining, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐8, vascular endothelial growth factor and hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)‐1α immunohistochemistry were performed. Tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase‐positive osteoclast cells and relative total inflammatory cells were also determined.ResultsThe highest alveolar bone loss was observed in the D+P group (P < .05). GSP‐200 group decreased alveolar bone loss (P < .05). The D+P group had the highest osteoclast counts, but the difference was not significant compared to the P, GSPE‐100 and GSPE‐200 groups (P > .05). The inflammation in the D+P group was also higher than the other groups (P < .05). The osteoblast numbers increased in the GSPE‐100 and GSPE‐200 groups compared to the P and D+P groups (P < .05). MMP‐8 and HIF‐1α levels were highest in the D+P group and GSPE significantly decreased these levels (P < .05).ConclusionWithin the limits of this animal study, it can be suggested that GSPE administration may decrease periodontal inflammation and alveolar bone loss via decreasing MMP‐8 and HIF‐1α levels and increase osteoblastic activity in diabetic rats with experimental periodontitis.
Association of salivary lactate dehydrogenase level with systemic inflammation in a Japanese population
Authors: Miyoshi N. , Tanigawa T. , Nishioka S. , Maruyama K. , Eguchi E. , Tanaka K. , Saito I. , Yamazaki K. , Miyake Y. 
Published: February 2018

Background and ObjectiveSalivary lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was reported to be a useful parameter for the screening of periodontal disease. We performed a cross‐sectional study to verify the usefulness of salivaryLDHas a biomarker of periodontitis and to investigate the association of severity of periodontitis with systemic inflammation by measuring salivaryLDHand serum high sensitive C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP) levels in a community‐based middle‐aged and elderly population in Japan.Material and MethodsWe recruited 644 men and 1171 women, aged 30‐79 years, who participated in the Toon Health Study during 2011–15. Periodontal condition was assessed by full‐mouth examination including mean value of probing depth, percentage ofprobing depthof ≥4 mm and ≥6 mm, and bleeding on probing. Saliva and blood serum samples were collected for measurement of salivaryLDHlevel and hs‐CRP, respectively. A linear trend across quartiles of salivaryLDHwas calculated using linear regression. Interaction of salivaryLDHand overweight status (body mass index of ≥25 kg/m2) was tested using the cross‐product term of log‐transformed continuous salivaryLDHand overweight status.ResultsAnalysis of covariance adjusted for potential confounders revealed strong associations between salivaryLDHlevel and the indicators of periodontal condition (P < .01) in both men and women. Sex‐ and age‐adjusted mean values of hs‐CRPaccording to salivaryLDHquartiles were 0.40, 0.45, 0.45 and 0.50 mg/L (Pfor trend <.01). Although the association was attenuated after further adjustment for body mass index, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, alcohol intake, smoking status and physical activity. When stratified by overweight status, the association remained significant in overweight individuals (P = .03). The multivariable adjusted odds ratio of hs‐CRPlevel of ≥1 mg/L for the highest vs lowest quartile of salivaryLDHwas 1.93 (95%CI, 1.01‐3.69) in overweight individuals, but not significant in non‐overweight individuals.ConclusionSalivaryLDHappears to be a promising biomarker for the mass screening of periodontitis in local community health settings. High salivaryLDHlevels, particularly in overweight individuals might contribute to prevention of cardiovascular disease, through measuring systemic inflammatory burdens as well as traditional cardiovascular risk factors.
Nationality in the open society: Popper versus Hayes and Kohn
Authors: Gerson Gal 
Published: February 2018

AbstractPopper's attitude to nationalism can be analysed by comparison with the position taken by Hayes and Kohn, who distinguished between a communal, malevolent form of nationalism, and a civic and constitutional variant that could coexist with liberalism. By contrast, Popper welcomes communal affiliations whose diversity he perceives as essential to liberalism, while rejecting sovereignty, whether or not invested in a representative body, as a threat to the liberal open society. This perspective reverses the normative priorities that Hayes and Kohn attribute to liberalism. Its basis is Popper's adherence to a pluralist liberalism, which centres on protecting social ties rather than on representation and state organs. This denotation of liberalism competes with the legalist individualism that Hayes and Kohn identify with liberalism and therefore accommodates nationalism differently.
Toward a multifactorial model of expertise: beyond born versus made
Authors: Hambrick David Z. , Burgoyne Alexander P. , Macnamara Brooke N. , Ullén Fredrik 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe debate over the origins of individual differences in expertise has raged for over a century in psychology. The “nature” view holds that expertise reflects “innate talent”—that is, genetically determined abilities. The “nurture” view counters that, if talent even exists, its effects on ultimate performance are negligible. While no scientist takes seriously a strict nature‐only view of expertise, the nurture view has gained tremendous popularity over the past several decades. This environmentalist view holds that individual differences in expertise reflect training history, with no important contribution to ultimate performance by innate ability (“talent”). Here, we argue that, despite its popularity, this view is inadequate to account for the evidence concerning the origins of expertise that has accumulated since the view was first proposed. More generally, we argue that the nature versus nurture debate in research on expertise is over—or certainly should be, as it has been in other areas of psychological research for decades. We describe a multifactorial model for research on the nature and nurture of expertise, which we believe will provide a progressive direction for future research on expertise.
Eating fish and farm life reduce allergic rhinitis at the age of twelve
Authors: Vasileiadou Styliana , Wennergren Göran , Strömberg Celind Frida , Åberg Nils , Pettersson Rolf , Alm Bernt , Goksör Emma 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence of allergic rhinitis has increased, but the cause of this rise is partly unknown. Our aim was to analyse the prevalence, risk factors, and protective factors for allergic rhinitis in 12‐year‐old Swedish children.MethodsData were collected from a prospective, longitudinal cohort study of children born in western Sweden in 2003. The parents answered questionnaires when the children were 6 months to 12 years. The response rate at 12 years was 76% (3637/4777) of the questionnaires distributed.ResultsAt the age of 12, 22% of children had allergic rhinitis and 57% were boys. Mean age at onset was 7.8 years, and 55% reported their first symptoms after 8 years. The most common trigger factors were pollen (85%), furry animals (34%), and house dust mites (17%). A multivariate analysis showed that the adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the independent risk factors for allergic rhinitis at 12 were as follows: parental allergic rhinitis (2.32, 1.94‐2.77), doctor‐diagnosed food allergy in the first year (1.75, 1.21‐2.52), eczema in the first year (1.61, 1.31‐1.97), and male gender (1.25, 1.06‐1.47). Eating fish once a month or more at age of 12 months reduced the risk of allergic rhinitis at 12 years of age (0.70, 0.50‐0.98) as did living on a farm with farm animals at 4 years (0.51, 0.32‐0.84). Continuous farm living from age 4 to 12 seemed to drive the association.ConclusionsAllergic rhinitis affected > 20% of 12‐year‐olds, but was lower in children who ate fish at 12 months or grew up on a farm with farm animals.
Regression equations to estimate the 2‐min walk distance in an adult Asian population aged 40–75 years
Authors: Mirza Fatim T. , Jenkins Sue , Justine Maria , Cecins Nola , Hill Kylie 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTBackground and objectiveThere is increased use of the 2‐min walk test (2MWT) to assess functional exercise capacity. However, the distance achieved during this test may be difficult to interpret in the absence of reference values from a local population. Regression equations to estimate the 2‐min walk distance (2MWD) only exist for American and Brazilian populations. The objective of this study was to develop regression equations to estimate the 2MWD in Malaysian adults who were free from major health problems.MethodsEighty‐seven adults (43 males; mean ± SD age: 57.1 ± 9.6 years) performed two 2MWT using a standardized protocol. Heart rate (HR) was recorded every 30 s during the test. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed using age, gender, height, weight and change in HR (ΔHR) as independent variables, and better of the two 2MWD as the dependent variable. A second regression equation, without ΔHR, was planned if ΔHR was retained as one of the predictors of the 2MWD in the first equation.ResultsThe better of the two 2MWD was 200 ± 34 m. Males walked 33 ± 6 m further than females (P < 0.001). The two regression equations were 196 − 1.1 × age, years + 1.0 × ΔHR, bpm + 31.2 × gender (R2 = 0.73) and 279 − 1.7 × age, years + 35.9 × gender (R2 = 0.47) with females = 0 and males = 1.ConclusionThe equations derived in this study may facilitate the interpretation of the 2MWD in clinical populations in Malaysia, as well as in countries with similar cultural backgrounds to Malaysia.
Resilience Analysis of a Remote Offshore Oil and Gas Facility for a Potential Hydrocarbon Release
Authors: Sarwar Adnan , Khan Faisal , Abimbola Majeed , James Lesley 
Published: February 2018

AbstractResilience is the capability of a system to adjust its functionality during a disturbance or perturbation. The present work attempts to quantify resilience as a function of reliability, vulnerability, and maintainability. The approach assesses proactive and reactive defense mechanisms along with operational factors to respond to unwanted disturbances and perturbation. This article employs a Bayesian network format to build a resilience model. The application of the model is tested on hydrocarbon‐release scenarios during an offloading operation in a remote and harsh environment. The model identifies requirements for robust recovery and adaptability during an unplanned scenario related to a hydrocarbon release. This study attempts to relate the resilience capacity of a system to the system's absorptive, adaptive, and restorative capacities. These factors influence predisaster and postdisaster strategies that can be mapped to enhance the resilience of the system.
Justice across Real and Imagined Food Worlds: Rural Corn Growers, Urban Agriculture Activists, and the Political Ontologies They Live By
Authors: Carolan Michael 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe article examines two seemingly disparate case studies, one involving conventional corn producers and agriculture professionals located in North Dakota, the other focusing on participants in a diverse urban agriculture cooperative in an anonymized U.S. city. Drawing on qualitative interviews and data‐presenting devices known as “word clouds,” the article explores how, and to a lesser extent why, understandings of the terms “social justice” and “autonomy” varied between these spaces. While these imagined political ontologies differed greatly, the article describes each case as grounded in a shared neoliberal (“real”) world that negatively impacts both populations, a realization that could provide a source of recognition and reconciliation between groups. The article concludes by asking why those interviewed in the rural space failed to understand their marginalization to be an artifact of the neoliberal highly individualistic worldview that their articulated imaginaries appear to support, while also exploring how the divergent political ontologies between the groups can be brought into better conversation with each other.
Between hope and hopelessness: COPD patients' and their family members' experiences of interacting with healthcare providers – a qualitative longitudinal study
Authors: Andersen Ingrid Charlotte , Thomsen Thora Grothe , Bruun Poul , Bødtger Uffe , Hounsgaard Lise 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundPatient–family–healthcare provider interaction seems important for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and their family members' self‐management practices. Because the need for support might be enhanced after a hospitalisation, it might be beneficial to explore this interaction further in follow‐up health care.AimTo explore the meaning of patients' and their family members' experiences of interacting with healthcare providers to their daily self‐management over time.MethodsParticipant observations and in‐depth interviews were conducted repeatedly with 10 patients and seven family members during follow‐up visits at hospital and at the participants' homes between 2014 and 2016. A phenomenological–hermeneutical approach was used to interpret the data.Results‘Between hope and hopelessness’ involved frustrations, concerns and doubts, all of which could relate to the interaction with healthcare providers. ‘Seeking support from healthcare services’, ‘navigating between healthcare providers’ and ‘collaborating with healthcare providers at home’ could entail opportunities to strengthen self‐management and hope; however, it could also entail reduced faith in getting the right help and hopelessness.ConclusionDuring a period of transition after hospitalisation, available and well‐coordinated healthcare services, and alliances with healthcare professionals are crucial to COPD patients and their family members in terms of their self‐management, hope and well‐being.
Health and Justice: Framing incarceration as a social determinant of health for Black men in the United States
Authors: Nowotny Kathryn M. , Kuptsevych‐Timmer Anastasiia 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThere has been growing interest in improving the health of Black men and the social determinants of health affecting them. In this paper, we argue that incarceration is an important social determinant of health in contemporary U.S. society for Black men and their families. Mass incarceration has deleterious health effects for those directly affected by it (the incarcerated), and mass incarceration contaminates the communities where it is geographically concentrated. Given the enormous differences in exposure to incarceration for Black men, this group is the most burdened by its effects. By extension, the larger Black community is disproportionately impacted due to the cascading effects of incarceration for families and neighborhoods. Therefore, it is necessary to include incarceration in research and policy addressing the health of Black men in the United States.