bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diversified Diet Feeding Practice is Low Compared to the WHO Recommendation in the Dabat Demographic and Health Surveillance System Site: Finding from the Baseline Survey of Nutrition Project, 2016
Authors: Abebe Zegeye , Tariku Amare , Bikes Gashaw Andargie , Wassie Molla Mesele , Abdella Kedir , Awoke Tadesse , Gebeye Ejigu , Gete Azeb Atnafu , Yesuf Melkie Edris , Kebede Yigzaw , Alemu Kassahun , Addis Abebaw , Muhammad Esmael Ali , Abebe Solomon Mekonnen , Kasahun belew Aysheshim , Tamir Melkamu , Fentie Melkitu , Kebede Adane , Fentahun Kindie 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIntroductionImproving infant and young child feeding practices is critical to improved nutrition, health, and development of children. The country of Ethiopia has also adopted the WHO recommendations of child feeding practices and developed the national guideline of infant and young child feeding to improve child’s nutrition and health status. However, a few children start and received appropriate complementary feeding based on the recommendation. Therefore, the study aimed to determine dietary diversity score and its associated factors among under five children at Dabat Demography Surveillance System site (HDSS), northwest Ethiopia.MethodsA cross-sectional community based study was from February to June 2016. All children aged 6-59 months old who lived in HDSS site were included in the survey. The collected data were checked and entered into Epi info version 7 and exported to STATA version 14 statistical software for analysis. Both crude odds ratio (COR) and adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated to show the strength of association. Finally, a p-value of 0.05 was used to determine if the association was statistically significant.ResultsIn this study, about 34.87% (95%CI: 33.27, 36.49%) of the children received adequately diversified diet. The odds of receiving adequately diversified diet was higher among children whose mother had secondary and above education (AOR= 6.51; 95%CI: 4.95, 8.56), mother who had ANC (AOR = 1.90; 95%CI: 1.60, 2.26) and PNC visit (AOR= 1.31; 95%CI: 1.00, 1, 72). However, a lower dietary diversity score is observed among young children (AOR=0.59; 95%CI: 0.41, 0.85), and children from food inscured household (AOR=0.76; 95%CI: 0.63, 0.92).ConclusionsDiversified diet feeding practice is low compared to the WHO recommendation in the surveillance site. Age of the child, maternal education, ANC and PNC visit, and household food insecurity were significantly associated with Dietary diversity score of children. Hence, various actions need to scale up the current practices of child feeding by improving HHFSS, strengthening ANC and PNC counselling about child feeding options, and feeding of young infants.
The Hunchback temporal transcription factor determines motor neuron axon and dendrite targeting inDrosophila
Authors: Seroka Austin Q. , Doe Chris Q. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe generation of neuronal diversity is essential for circuit formation and behavior. Morphological differences in sequentially born neurons could be due to intrinsic molecular identity specified by temporal transcription factors (henceforth called intrinsic temporal identity) or due to changing extrinsic cues. Here we use theDrosophilaNB7-1 lineage to address this question. NB7-1 sequentially generates the U1-U5 motor neurons; each has a distinct intrinsic temporal identity due to inheritance of a different temporal transcription factor at time of birth. Here we show that the U1-U5 neurons project axons sequentially, followed by sequential dendrite extension. We misexpress the earliest temporal transcription factor, Hunchback, to create “ectopic” U1 neurons with an early intrinsic temporal identity but later birth-order. These ectopic U1 neurons have axon muscle targeting and dendrite neuropil targeting consistent with U1 intrinsic temporal identity, rather than their time of birth or differentiation. We conclude that intrinsic temporal identity plays a major role in establishing both motor axon muscle targeting and dendritic arbor targeting, which are required for proper motor circuit development.
The elusive actin cytoskeleton of a green alga expressing both conventional and divergent actins
Authors: Craig Evan W. , Mueller David M. , Schaffer Miroslava , Engel Benjamin D. , Avasthi Prachee 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe green algaChlamydomonas reinhardtiiis a leading model system to study photosynthesis, cilia, and the generation of biological products. The cytoskeleton plays important roles in all of these cellular processes, but to date, the filamentous actin network withinChlamydomonashas remained elusive. By optimizing labeling conditions, we can now visualize distinct linear actin filaments at the posterior of the nucleus in both live and fixed vegetative cells. Usingin situcryo-electron tomography, we confirmed this localization by directly imaging actin filaments within the native cellular environment. The fluorescently-labeled structures are sensitive to the depolymerizing agent Latrunculin B (Lat B), demonstrating the specificity of our optimized labeling method. Interestingly, Lat B treatment resulted in the formation of a transient ring-like filamentous actin structure around the nucleus. The assembly of this perinuclear ring is dependent upon a second actin isoform, NAP1, which is strongly upregulated upon Lat B treatment and is insensitive to Lat B-induced depolymerization. Our study combines orthogonal strategies to provide the first detailed visual characterization of filamentous actins inChlamydomonas, allowing insights into the coordinated functions of two actin isoforms expressed within the same cell.
The functional repertoire encoded within the native microbiome of the model nematodeCaenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Zimmermann Johannes , Obeng Nancy , Yang Wentao , Pees Barbara , Petersen Carola , Waschina Silvio , Kissoyan Kohar Annie , Aidley Jack , Hoeppner Marc P. , Bunk Boyke , Spröer Cathrin , Leippe Matthias , Dierking Katja , Kaleta Christoph , Schulenburg Hinrich 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe microbiome is generally assumed to have a substantial influence on the biology of multicellular organisms. The exact functional contributions of the microbes are often unclear and cannot be inferred easily from 16S rRNA genotyping, which is commonly used for taxonomic characterization of the bacterial associates. In order to bridge this knowledge gap, we here analyzed the metabolic competences of the native microbiome of the model nematodeCaenorhabditis elegans. We integrated whole genome sequences of 77 bacterial microbiome members with metabolic modelling and experimental characterization of bacterial physiology. We found that, as a community, the microbiome can synthesize all essential nutrients forC. elegans. Both metabolic models and experimental analyses further revealed that nutrient context can influence how bacteria interact within the microbiome. We identified key bacterial traits that are likely to influence the microbe’s ability to colonizeC. elegans(e.g., pyruvate fermentation to acetoin) and the resulting effects on nematode fitness (e.g., hydroxyproline degradation). Considering that the microbiome is usually neglected in the comprehensive research on this nematode, the resource presented here will help our understanding ofC. elegansbiology in a more natural context. Our integrative approach moreover provides a novel, general framework to dissect microbiome-mediated functions.
A novel population of long-range inhibitory neurons
Authors: Christenson Wick Zoé , Tetzlaff Madison R. , Krook-Magnuson Esther 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe hippocampus, a brain region important for spatial navigation and episodic memory, benefits from a rich diversity of neuronal cell-types. Recent work suggests fundamental gaps in our knowledge of these basic building blocks (i.e., neuronal types) in the hippocampal circuit, despite extensive prior examination. Through the use of an intersectional genetic viral vector approach, we report a novel hippocampal neuronal population, which has not previously been characterized, and which we refer to as LINCs. LINCs are GABAergic, but, in addition to broadly targeting local CA1 cells, also have long-range axons. LINCs are thus both interneurons and projection neurons. We demonstrate that LINCs, despite being relatively few in number, can have a strong influence on both hippocampal and extrahippocampal network synchrony and function. Identification and characterization of this novel cell population advances our basic understanding of both hippocampal circuitry and neuronal diversity.
Systematic spatio-temporal mapping reveals divergent cell death pathways in three mouse models of hereditary retinal degeneration
Authors: Power M.J. , Rogerson L.E. , Schubert T. , Berens P. , Euler T. , Paquet-Durand F. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractCalcium (Ca2+) dysregulation has been linked to neuronal cell death, including in hereditary retinal degeneration. Ca2+ dysregulation is thought to cause rod and cone photoreceptor cell death. Spatial and temporal heterogeneities in retinal disease models have hampered validation of this hypothesis.We examined the role of Ca2+ in photoreceptor degeneration, assessing the activation pattern of Ca2+-dependent calpain proteases, generating spatio-temporal maps of the entire retina in the cpfl1 mouse model for primary cone degeneration, and in the rd1 and rd10 models for primary rod degeneration. We used Gaussian process models to distinguish the temporal sequences of degenerative molecular processes from other variability sources.In the rd1 and rd10 models, spatio-temporal pattern of increased calpain activity matched the progression of primary rod degeneration. High calpain activity coincided with activation of the calpain-2 isoform but not with calpain-1, suggesting differential roles for both calpain isoforms. Primary rod loss was linked to upregulation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), although only a minute fraction of cells showed activity of the apoptotic marker caspase-3. After primary rod degeneration concluded, caspase-3 activation appeared in cones, suggesting apoptosis as the dominant mechanism for secondary cone loss. Gaussian process models highlighted calpain activity as a key event during primary rod photoreceptor cell death.Our data suggests a causal link between Ca2+ dysregulation and primary, non-apoptotic degeneration of photoreceptors and a role for apoptosis in secondary degeneration of cones, highlighting the importance of the spatial and temporal location of key molecular events, which may guide the evaluation of new therapies.
RNAseq profiling of leukocyte populations in zebrafish larvae reveals a cxcl11 chemokine gene as a marker of macrophage polarization during mycobacterial infection
Authors: Rougeot Julien , Torraca Vincenzo , Zakrzewska Ania , Kanwal Zakia , Jansen Hans J. , Spaink Herman P. , Meijer Annemarie H. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMacrophages are phagocytic cells from the innate immune system, which forms the first line of host defense against invading pathogens. These highly dynamic immune cells can adopt specific functional phenotypes, with the pro-inflammatory M1 and anti-inflammatory M2 polarization states as the two extremes. Recently, the process of macrophage polarization during inflammation has been visualized by real time imaging in larvae of the zebrafish. This model organism has also become widely used to study macrophage responses to microbial pathogens. To support the increasing use of zebrafish in macrophage biology, we set out to determine the complete transcriptome of zebrafish larval macrophages. We studied the specificity of the macrophage signature compared with other larval immune cells and the macrophage-specific expression changes upon infection. We made use of the well-established mpeg1, mpx, and lck fluorescent reporter lines to sort and sequence the transcriptome of larval macrophages, neutrophils, and lymphoid progenitor cells, respectively. Our results provide a complete dataset of genes expressed in these different immune cell types and highlight their similarities and differences. Major differences between the macrophage and neutrophil signatures were found within the families of proteinases. Furthermore, expression of genes involved in antigen presentation and processing was specifically detected in macrophages, while lymphoid progenitors showed expression of genes involved in macrophage activation. Comparison with datasets of in vitro polarized human macrophages revealed that zebrafish macrophages express a strongly homologous gene set, comprising both M1 and M2 markers. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis of low numbers of macrophages infected by the intracellular pathogen Mycobacterium marinum revealed that infected macrophages change their transcriptomic response by downregulation of M2-associated genes and overexpression of specific M1-associated genes. Among the infection-induced genes, a homolog of the human CXCL11 chemokine gene, cxcl11aa, stood out as the most strongly overexpressed M1 marker. Upregulation of cxcl11aa in Mycobacterium-infected macrophages was found to require the function of Myd88, a critical adaptor molecule in the Toll-like and interleukin 1 receptor pathways that are central to pathogen recognition and activation of the innate immune response. Altogether, our data provide a valuable data mining resource to support infection and inflammation research in the zebrafish model.
BioCell2XML: A novel tool for converting cell lineage data from SIMI BioCell to MaMuT (Fiji)
Authors: Pennerstorfer Markus , Loose Günther , Wolff Carsten 
Published: February 2019

AbstractComputer-assisted 4D manual cell tracking has been a valuable method for understanding spatial-temporal dynamics of embryogenesis (e.g., Stach & Anselmi, 2015; Vellutini et al., 2017; Wolff et al., 2018) since the method was introduced in the late 1990s. Since two decades SIMI® BioCell (Schnabel et al., 1997), a software which initially was developed for analyzing data coming from the, at that time new technique of 4D microscopy, is in use. Many laboratories around the world use SIMI BioCell for the manual tracing of cells in embryonic development of various species to reconstruct cell genealogies with high precision. However, the software has several disadvantages: Limits in handling very large data sets, the virtually no maintenance over the last ten years (bound to older Windows versions), the difficulty to access the created cell lineage data for analyses outside SIMI BioCell, and the high cost of the program. Recently, bioinformatics, in close collaboration with biologists, developed new lineaging tools that are freely available through the open source image processing platform Fiji.Here we introduce a software tool that allows conversion of SIMI BioCell lineage data to a format that is compatible with the Fiji plugin MaMuT (Wolff et al., 2018). Hereby we intend to maintain the usability of SIMI BioCell created cell lineage data for the future and, for investigators who wish to do so, facilitate the transition from this software to a more convenient program.
Principles Governing the Dynamics of GABAergic Interneurons in the Barrel Cortex
Authors: Yu Jianing , Hu Hang , Agmon Ariel , Svoboda Karel 
Published: February 2019

SUMMARYInformation processing in the neocortex is performed by GABAergic interneurons that are integrated with excitatory neurons into precisely structured circuits. To reveal how each neuron type shapes sensory representations, we measured spikes and membrane potential of specific types of neurons in the barrel cortex while mice performed an active, whisker-dependent object localization task. Whiskers were tracked with millisecond precision. Fast-spiking (FS) neurons were activated by touch with short latency and by whisking. FS neurons track thalamic input and provide feedforward inhibition. Somatostatin (SOM)-expressing neurons were also excited by touch, but with a delay (5 ms) compared to excitatory (E) and FS neurons. SOM neurons monitor local excitation and provide feedback inhibition. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-expressing neurons were not driven by touch but elevated their spike rate during whisking, disinhibiting E and FS neurons. Our data reveal rules of recruitment for specific interneuron types, providing foundations for understanding cortical computations.
The Multidimensional Battery of Prosody Perception (MBOPP)
Authors: Jasmin Kyle , Dick Frederic , Tierney Adam Taylor 
Published: February 2019

AbstractProsody can be defined as the rhythm and intonation patterns spanning words, phrases and sentences. Accurate perception of prosody is an important component of many aspects of language processing, such as parsing grammatical structures, recognizing words, and determining where emphasis may be placed. Prosody perception is important for language acquisition and can be impaired in language-related developmental disorders. However, existing assessments of prosodic perception suffer from some shortcomings. These include being unsuitable for use with typically developing adults due to ceiling effects, or failing to allow the investigator to distinguish the unique contributions of individual acoustic features such as pitch and temporal cues. Here we present the Multi-Dimensional Battery of Prosody Perception (MBOPP), a novel tool for the assessment of prosody perception. It consists of two subtests – Linguistic Focus, which measures the ability to hear emphasis or sentential stress, and Phrase Boundaries, which measures the ability to hear where in a compound sentence one phrase ends, and another begins. Perception of individual acoustic dimensions (Pitch and Time) can be examined separately, and test difficulty can be precisely calibrated by the the experimenter because stimuli were created using a continuous voice morph space. We present validation analyses from a sample of 57 individuals and discuss how the battery might be deployed to examine perception of prosody in various populations.
Prediction of the development cost of commercial aviation aircraft
Authors: Chen Xiaonan , Huang Jun , Yi Mingxu , Pan Yalin 
Published: February 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop a flexible design-oriented development cost method for commercial aviation aircraft based on small sample and poor information.

Design/methodology/approach
To predict the development cost of commercial aviation aircraft accurately, the methodology is based on the collected cost data and actual technical, and then the cost prediction relationships derived from an exhaustive statistical and filtered from regression analysis are incorporated. A series of regression equations with high regression coefficient are yielded after the cost driving factors of the development cost are fixed. Next, several sets of equations with high regression coefficient are selected for final integration. It is a flexible method that can be used efficiently to predict the cost of commercial aviation aircraft.

Findings
The development of commercial aviation aircraft has relatively a late start and no cost prediction model has been suitable for small sample, the proposed method is expected and is rather desirable.

Practical implications
By comparing the approach with the ordinary regression model and back propagation (BP) neural network, the scheme in this work is more efficient and convenient.

Originality/value
The results obtained in this paper show that the proposed method not only has a certain degree of versatility, but also can provide a preliminary prediction of the development cost of commercial aviation aircraft.
Analyzing the barriers to purchase intentions of energy efficient appliances from consumer perspective
Authors: Joshi Gauri Yogesh , Sheorey Pratima Amol , Gandhi Aradhana Vikas 
Published: February 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify the barriers to consumers’ intention to purchase energy efficient appliances. It uses multiple regression analysis to predict the factors that deter consumers’ purchase intention.

Design/methodology/approach
Five barriers to consumers’ intention to purchase energy efficient appliances were identified through an exhaustive literature survey. Data were gathered from 300 respondents from Pune city from the state of Maharashtra in India through a survey. The items were measured on a five-point Likert scale. Validity and reliability of the scale were established. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to predict consumers’ intention to purchase energy efficient appliances based on factors identified.

Findings
Findings revealed that some degree of uncertainty was associated with energy efficient appliance purchase. In addition to possessing lower degrees of awareness on energy efficient appliances, consumers tend to disbelieve claims made on labels of energy efficient appliances. Consumers also feel inconvenience in identifying these appliances, spending time to know about them and paying the price to purchase them. Hence, the factors – scepticism towards label claims and perceived personal inconvenience – were found to have negative impact on consumers’ purchase intention. Societal norm was found to have a positive impact on consumers’ purchase intention. Interestingly, price sensitivity and perceived product risk (which were expected to have a negative relationship with consumers’ purchase intention) displayed a positive relationship.

Research limitations/implications
The model proposed here is based on the researcher’s identification of the barriers. There might have been unidentified barriers that were not considered. The research does not account for manufacturing or policy-based issues that might also pose as barriers. The study encourages marketers to re-examine marketing and communication policies associated with the sale of energy efficient appliances.

Originality/value
The paper provides insights into the external barriers faced by consumers while purchasing an energy efficient appliance. This research enables managers to understand consumer’s preference for conventional products over energy efficient ones. It attempts to check the presence of barriers to energy efficient appliances, identified from literature in a tier 1 city of India. Tier 1 city is the city with population greater than 1,00,000 as per 2001 census of India.