bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The research and application of compound flooding system in the block L of Huabei oilfield
Authors: Shanshan Gao , Linlin Xie , Peilei Chen , Rui Wang , Chuancheng Liu , Fei Cao , Zhiqiang Wang , Xiaoyang Lei 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In the three rounds of gel flooding of the block L in Huabei oilfield, better effect of watercut decreasing and oil increasing had been achieved. In order to further develop the remaining oil potential, an oil-displacement slug was added on the basis of the gel slug, to form a compound flooding system in order to improve the oil displacement efficiency. Two types of oil displacement agents were optimized through basic performance evaluation. NO.I is surfactant. When the concentration was 0.3 percent, the oil-water interfacial tension could reach 1.15 ×10−3mn/m and still remain within the ultra-low interfacial tension range after 150 days under formation temperature but the static adsorption loss was only 3.4mg/g. NO.II is a kind of granular oil displacement agent with certain sealing ability.The initial particle size was 189nm and the size reached 520nm after hydration for 30 days and remained stable. In the sand filled tube with a permeability of 550×10−3μm2, the plugging rate was up to 70.88 percent. Through the double tube with high-low permeability core experiments, the oil displacement effect of movable gel, movable gel with oil displacement agent I and movable gel with oil displacement agent II were further compared. The results showed that movable gel with oil displacement agent II could improve oil recovery by 20.95 percent compared with water flooding, 7.88 percent compared with movable gel and 5.92 percent compared with movable gel with oil displacement agent I.The composite flooding system was applied in the block L with 6 wells and the effect of watercut decreasing and oil increasing was significant. The daily oil increase in peak period was 10t, and the watercut was decreased by 5.3 percent. The accumulative oil increase was 2736 tons with 13 months validity and will continue to be effective.
Water Utilization’s Green Efficiency Evaluation and Spatial Autocorrelation’s analysis in Jing-Jin-Ji region of China
Authors: Biao Hu , Bowen Jiao 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Based on the data of 13 cities in the Jing-Jin-Ji region from 2009 to 2018, evaluating green efficiency of Water Resources by SBM Model, and analysing this region’s spatial autocorrelation by ESDA method. The results show that the green efficiency of water resources in Jing-Jin-Ji region shows a slow decline in fluctuation, with an average annual efficiency of 45%. Spatial autocorrelation is characterized by low agglomeration around Beijing and Tianjin, and decreases year by year.
Quantitative Analysis on the Electrification Process of China
Authors: Kuan Zheng , Junshu Feng , Jinfang Zhang , Guanjun Fu , Jun Liu , Jiangtao Li , Zhicheng Xu 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The electrification of energy production and consumption has become a strategic choice of global energy transition, since electricity can be transformed from a massive renewable energy efficiently, and also be helpful to boost the overall level of energy efficiency. In this paper, it presents the promotion of the electrification to the energy transition, and analyses the basic conditions of China’s continuous upgrading of the electrification level. Based on the international comparison, the trend of the future global electrification process is identified, and the strategic path of China’s electrification is proposed through the 3E energy consumption prediction model and the energy and electricity optimization planning model. It is of great significance to provide a decision support that accelerating energy transition and development of electrification in China thoroughly and efficiently.
Technical inspection of high strength bolts in hydropower plant: nondestructive examination
Authors: Li Wenbo , Liu Lanlan , Wang Yusen , Chen Junjun , Xie Yi , Hu Jiarui , Sun Lipeng , Long Yi 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Bolt connection is widely used in hydraulic power plants as an important connection mode of metal parts. However, the phenomenon of bolt breakage often occurs in hydropower plants, which seriously affects the stable operation of hydropower plants. During the maintenance of the unit, non-destructive testing of high-strength bolts is able to effectively detect the bolt defects and ensure the safety of the unit
Study on the spatio-temporal relationship between ground fracturing and underground drainage holes arrangement
Authors: Qianqian Ma , Xiaogang Fan , Zhengxing Fan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Based on the respective technical advantages of ground fracturing and underground gas drainage, a joint drainage mode of ground wells and underground is proposed, which focuses on utilizing the large-scale advantages of ground fracturing to promote underground gas drainage. Experimental study of two kinds of ground fracturing and underground drainage connection Mode, that is “Ground fracturing lags behind drilling construction” and “drilling construction lags behind the ground fracturing”. Through the micro-seismic method and the underground hole exposure method, it is concluded that the cracks in the coal seam are mainly horizontal cracks with a small northeast opening, and the crack length is about 158~203m. According to the law of crack distribution, fracturing investigation schemes of two modes were designed. The reasonable time connection between the ground fracturing and underground drainage is preliminarily determined by the engineering practice, it is effective in increasing the permeability of the coal seam, reducing the abnormal gas emission from the coal seam and the risk of coal and gas outburst by using “ground fracturing lags behind drilling construction”; the gas drainage effect is remarkable when the underground drilling is delayed within 3 months of ground fracturing by using “drilling construction lags behind the ground fracturing”.
A logistics company transportation solution research
Authors: Jia XiaoPeng , Zhang ZhiHao Cui , Yuan LingBo , Qi ShaoSong , Tian YinHui 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The operation of the logistics company called A is highly dependent on a steel group. A logistics company’s exploration of the external market is not ideal. Especially with similar logistics companies, there is no advantage. As the overcapacity of the steel industry is becoming more and more obvious, freight price rise, the labor cost rises, and the profitability of the enterprise decreases. Therefore, the benefits to logistics have become the key development direction of many steel companies. Other steel logistics companies have also undergone multiple levels of change. First we analyze the problems of A logistics company; Then we find the company’s advantages. of A logistics company; Finally, the transportation solution was designed from three aspects: operational process design, transportation mode design and transportation plan implementation.
Research on Hedging Ratio of Power Futures Based on 0LS Model
Authors: Yang Jie , Xu Tianqi , Li Yan , Ying Feixiang , Zhang Hongtao 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
With the further development of power market reform, the demand for energy trading entities to avoid the risk of electricity price is becoming more and more prominent. This paper uses the method of minimizing the variance of the portfolio return rate combined with the electricity futures price data from the European Energy Exchange to estimate the optimal hedging ratio and perform the residual test. Finally, the decision of power producers to use the power futures hedging strategy to avoid the risk of spot price fluctuations will be discussed.
Simulation Analysis of Annual Pollution Load of Combined Sewer Overflow in Wuhan City Based on SWMM
Authors: Chen Xuejiao , Jiang Yinghe , Yang Fengkai , Xu Tianhui 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
With the acceleration of urbanization, the urban water environment problem has become increasingly severe. The combined sewer overflow(CSO) pollution control has become the focus and problem which urgently needed to be solved in China’s sponge city construction and black smelly water treatment. Simulating and calculating the annual pollution load of the CSO is of great significance for the quantitative analysis of the cause of the water environment pollution. In this paper, the improved SWMM model coupled with the module for scouring the silting on the bottom of the pipes was used to simulate the combined sewer system with a drainage area of 1666ha. The results show that under the same drainage area, the larger the interception ratio is, the smaller the annual pollution load of CSO is; under the same interception ratio, the larger the drainage area is, the smaller the annual pollution load of CSO is. For the combined sewer system in Wuhan, the annual COD, TN and TP load of CSO can be calculated by three formulas: WcoD=378.58-33.71lnF, W
TN
=51.032-5.7871/lnF and WTP
=13.667F-0.404, respectively when the interception ratio is equal to 1.0.
Preparation and properties of waste-solid based foam concrete energy-saving materials
Authors: Ji Jun , Liu Xiaosheng , Tan Shengying , Ni Wen 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In this paper, foam concrete is prepared from industrial waste such as steel slag (SS), blast furnace slag (BFS), flue gas desulfurization (FGD). By studying the stability of foaming agent, the specific surface area of cementing material and curing temperature, the insulation performance of foamed concrete can be improved. The test results show that the HT composite foaming agent has good stability at a high temperature and can be used as a foaming agent for waste-solid based foam concrete. Increasing the specific surface area of the material and increasing the curing temperature of the material can reduce the thermal conductivity of foam concrete. The thermal conductivity of the cementitious materials prepared by the A350 and A500 two-layer cementitious materials at 70 °C are: 0.083 W/(m-k) and 0.078 W/(m-k), respectively, which all have a good heat preservation effect. As the coefficient gap between the two is not large. In order to reduce the energy consumption caused by grinding, the A350 material can be used for exterior wall insulation.
Research on Scheduling Model and Control Strategy of Ice Storage Air Conditioning in Urban Power Grid
Authors: Meng Liming , Chen Lei , Jiang Tuo , Xu Fei , Yao Xingchen , Hao Ling , Yang Shuai 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In this paper, a two-layer scheduling model for ice storage central air conditioning is established: the system level optimization control of the upper layer and the energy management system of the lower massive decentralized air conditioning system. The system level consists of thermal power, hydropower, wind turbines and ice storage air conditioning polymerization models, with the goal of minimizing the abandonment of wind and water, generating the scheduling results of generator set and ice storage air conditioning, and delivering them to the lower energy management system; After receiving the scheduling result issued by the upper layer, the large-scale ice storage air-conditioning is dispatched by the load aggregator, and the minimum scheduling deviation is targeted, and the direct load control is performed under the condition that the user comfort is satisfied to complete the upper-level scheduling plan. Through simulation examples, it is proved that the ice storage air-conditioning realizes the effectiveness of the disposal of abandoned water and abandoned wind under the premise of ensuring user comfort.
Principle analysis of torque ripple test bench for electric machine for electric vehicle application
Authors: Yang Guohui , Zhang Shuo , Zhang Chengning , Yang Yongxi 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The torque ripple is mainly caused by the interaction between the stator magnetomotive force of the motor and the magnetomotive force harmonic of the rotor. With the gradual improvement of the comfort and stability requirements of the passenger car, the vibration and noise of the drive motor for the electric vehicle and ripple impact and other indicators affecting the comfort of the vehicle are receiving more and more attention. On the basis of ensuring the output torque capability of the motor, further improving the quality of the motor is one of the important purposes of the project research. At present, the research on the motor torque ripple measurement method is not perfect, and the motor test equipment cannot eliminate the interference of the load fluctuation on the motor torque test and cannot be accurately measured. In this paper, the load dynamometer and elastic coupling by simulating the input and output torque are studied, angular velocity and angular acceleration on the basis of previous research on torque ripple test at home and abroad. The influence of load dynamometer and elastic coupling on the test structure is studied and the test system of no-load dynamometer and elastic coupling is determined.
Study on heterogeneity characteristics of oil and gas reservoirs
Authors: Jiaqi Li 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In order to meet the needs of fine adjustment of oilfield development in ultra-high water cut period, the heterogeneity characteristics of reservoirs after well pattern infilling are studied, and the reservoir heterogeneity is evaluated qualitatively and quan itatively. The target block is dissected by the method of cyclic correlation,and the type of sedimentary environment and the number of sedimentary units of the target reservoir are determined. At the same time, through the permeability characteristics of each sedimentary unit, the heterogeneity characteristics of sand body in three aspects, i.e. interlayer, plane and intralayer, are analyzed, which provides an important basis for fine water control and tapping potential of target reservoirs in this block.
Technical application of typical integrated energy mode
Authors: Wu Guopei , Wang Lu , Zeng ShunQi , Liang PeiQuan , Guo ZiXuan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
With the wide application of distributed energy, new energy, smart grid and internet, integrated energy has become the main form of energy utilization in cities and parks. This is also an important way to promote regional green development and improve energy efficiency. In this paper, the main development modes and characteristics of integrated energy in cities, parks and islands are described. Under different modes, the main links needed for comprehensive energy allocation are decomposed, and the implementation of various technical means is studied and analyzed.
Finally, in this paper, typical practical project cases are analyzed on the main structure and parameters. These characteristic are proved by describe and calculation of these projects. Suggestions for integrated energy development are offered.
Color of Oxidative Pressure Leaching Liquor: A Case of Sphalerite
Authors: Guo Yaqin , Liang Duoqiang , Deng Yong 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In lab-scale experiments of oxidative pressure leaching of sphalerite, an interesting phenomenon is that the leaching liquor looks three main colors: black, red and green. In on-going work, semi-quantitative study is carried out to investigate such phenomenon, including drawing of predominance area color diagram, effect of sulfur surfactant on color of leaching liquor, color and stability of oxidation of leaching liquor. Experimental results show that color of the leaching liquor depends on leaching condition mainly including temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration, that experimental results show sulfur surfactant has no effect on the color of leaching liquor, that, with increased molar ratio of elemental sulfur and sodium sulfide,

S
x

2
−

, x = 1 ∼ 8 is more stable, and that in oxidation of aqueous sulfide anion, to achieve reasonable fast oxidation kinetic, temperature of 150 °C and oxygen pressure of 2 × 105 Pa is the minimum required conditions, which is coincide with such conditions to achieve reasonable fast oxidation kinetic in oxidation of aqueous ferrous iron. In this paper, different reaction mechanisms in given leaching condition were discussed.
Phosphogypsum pyrolysis with mineralization agent under weak reducing atmosphere
Authors: Feng Hui , Xie Rongsheng 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Batch experiments of phosphogypsum (PG) pyrolysis were carried out under weak reducing atmosphere, adding coke as reductant and CaF2 as mineralization agent. As 3 wt% CaF2 was added to the mixture, the optimal parameters of PG decomposition were mole ratio (C: CaSO4) 0.7, reaction temperature 950 °C, pyrolysis time 60 min, and 1.9-2.2% oxygen content of inlet gas. Under this condition, the decomposition ratio of CaSO4 was up to 90.6%, the SO2 conversion was 70.4%, and the average volume concentration of SO2 was 11.9%. With the aid of CaF2, the pyrolysis temperature of CaSO4 decreased significantly. The surface structure and morphology analysis revealed that CaF2 was beneficial to the pyrolysis efficiency of CaSO4. TG curve, XRD analysis and kinetic process have proved that the generation of intermediate substance CaS is the first stage for thermal decomposition of CaSO4, and CaO is the end product of CaSO4 pyrolysis under weak reducing atmosphere.
Energy Revolution and the Energy Demand Side Management in China
Authors: Xu Shengqing 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
China’s energy revolution has put forward new requirements for energy demand side management. For a long time, China’s energy demand side management lacks legalized and institutionalized policy and legal guarantee, which inhibits the role of energy demand side management in promoting sustainable economic and social development and energy structure transformation and upgrading. Based on the analysis of the status of China’s energy demand side management policies and laws and the existing problems such as low level of legislation, poor operability and focusing on power demand side management, suggestions on the legislation of China’s energy demand side management are put forward.
Application of EXCEL Univariate Solution Function in Thermal Calculation
Authors: Cai Wen , Lu Jin , Chen Lin Guo , Chen Wen , Wan Zhong-hai 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The univariate solution solves the problem of solving the independent variable when the dependent variable result is known. According to “ASME PTC6-1996 Turbine Performance Test Procedures”, the method of applying EXCEL univariate solution function is proposed, which can be used for thermal calculation without programming. This method can be easily applied to steam turbine performance test calculation and system correction calculation.
Transformer User Identification Method Based on Abnormal Point Detection and Large Data Clustering
Authors: Liu Chen , Wang Junping , He Zhongxiao , Wu Meng , Bai Jialing , Lian Libo 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Solving the mismatch of transformer and users is a key step to promote the intelligent management of distribution network. The rapid popularization of big data technology makes it possible to achieve low-cost and high-efficiency transformer user identification. Since load transferring may occur during the operation of distribution network, the user data to be identified may be mixed with the operation data of other transformer users. If the users’ data of other transformers is not eliminated, the identification accuracy will be greatly reduced. In this paper, a transformer user identification method based on loacal outlier detection and improved k-means algorithm is proposed. Firstly, the analysis data is preprocessed by the local factor algorithm, the user data which does not belong to the transformer to be analyzed is eliminated. According to the characteristics of application scenarios, improved k-means algorithm is proposed, including determining the number of clusters, initial centroid and selecting correlation coefficient as the index of evaluating sample similarity. Finally, the k-means algorithm is used to cluster the pre-processed data to accurately identify the transformer users. Example results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the accuracy of transformer user identification and maintain high stability in different data environments.
An Energy-Efficient Routing Protocol for ZigBee Networks
Authors: Wang Qijin , Wang Dandan , Qi Xiaoxia 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
ZigBee networks have known battery-life problems, so, in this paper, we propose an energy-efficient routing protocol for them named LCF-ZBR (Low Formation of cluster ZigBee Routing). If the energy of one particular cluster head node is not sufficient, an alternative cluster head is used to preserve the residual energy of the original node, thus avoiding cluster head node failure due to excessive use. This will help to prolong the service life of the entire network. LCF-ZBR and ZBR energy consumption problems were simulated using NS2, and the residual energy and the number of dead nodes were compared. The results showed that the proposed energy-efficient routing protocol was more effective.
Economic analysis of solar and air energy systems for energy demand of space heating and domestic hot water of buildings
Authors: Fu Feifei 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This study focuses on the economy of two renewable systems supplying the same demand of domestic hot water (DHW) and space heating (SH) for a city household located in Beijing of China. The systems are the solar thermal system and air source heat pump system. Both the two systems are considered for meeting the energy demand of SH and DHW. Optimized simulations are carried out to recognize the most economical configurations. The results show that, for a 15-year running time, the air source heat pump system comprising a 10 kW air source heat pump is the best configuration and has the minimum cost.
Uncertainty Analysis on Process Organized Emission Inventory in Petrochemical Enterprises of Hainan Province
Authors: Xie Donghai , Zhang Xiaxia , Han Qi , He Qingyang , Meng Xinxin , Li Feng , Zhou Kang 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The study qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated the uncertainty of the emission inventory of SO2, NOx, particulate matter (PM) and non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) based on the measurement method in the process of organized sources in eight typical petroleum refining enterprises in Hainan Province in 2017. According to the TRACE-P inventory grading, the activity level data uncertainty was between I and II, and the emission factor rating was roughly C-level. The qualitative assessment of the emission inventory is “good”. The Monte Carlo simulation model was used to quantitatively evaluate the uncertainty. The results show that the uncertainties in emission inventory of SO2, NOx, PM and NMVOCs are ±2.9%, ±6.3%, ±7.6% and ±13.7%, respectively, with the highest uncertainty in NMVOCs emissions. The study on emission inventory uncertainty will help decision makers to scientifically formulate air pollutant control strategies for the accessibility of pollutant emission reduction targets of petrochemical enterprises and guide the improvement of emission inventory and data collection.