bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Voice outcomes following medialization laryngoplasty with and without arytenoid adduction
Authors: Zimmermann Terence M. , Orbelo Diana M. , Pittelko Rebecca L. , Youssef Stephanie J. , Lohse Christine M. , Ekbom Dale C. 
Published: December 2018

ObjectiveVoice outcomes following medialization laryngoplasty (ML) for unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP) were compared to those who underwent ML plus arytenoid adduction (AA) (ML+AA).MethodsSingle institution retrospective review of patients with UVFP undergoing ML and ML+AA (2009–2017). Demographic information and history of laryngeal procedures were collected. Preoperative and postoperative Voice Handicap Index‐10 (VHI‐10) and Consensus Perceptual Auditory Evaluation of Voice (CAPE‐V) were assessed.ResultsOf 236 patients, 119 met study criteria. Of those, 70 (59%) underwent ML and 49 (41%) underwent ML+AA. Significant differences between groups at baseline were found for age at time of thyroplasty (P = 0.046), VHI‐10 scores (P < 0.001), and CAPE‐V scores (P = 0.007). Baseline VHI‐10 scores for ML+AA (28 ± 7) were greater than those for ML alone (24 ± 7). At 12 months, overall VHI‐10 scores improved compared to baseline for both groups (ML+AA = 9 ± 7, ML = 16 ± 9); however, there was greater improvement for the ML+AA group compared to ML group (P = 0.001). CAPE‐V scores at 3 or 12 months improved, but differences between the groups were not statistically significant once controlled for covariates.ConclusionBased on current findings, patients who undergo ML+AA likely have greater voice handicap at baseline compared to those undergoing ML alone. Patients selected for ML+AA improve as much or more than those who underwent ML alone. This highlights the importance of appropriate selection of candidates for AA.Level of Evidence4Laryngoscope, 129:1876–1881, 2019
Type I thyroplasty: A safe outpatient procedure
Authors: Junlapan Attapon , Sung C. Kwang , Damrose Edward J. 
Published: December 2018

Objectives/HypothesisOvernight hospitalization is routinely advocated following type I thyroplasty (TP) because of concerns for airway compromise. Hospitalization increases cost and patient inconvenience, and may not necessarily be appropriate. This study evaluated complications following surgery and identified predictors for same to assess which patients benefit most from hospitalization.Study DesignRetrospective chart review.MethodsA study was conducted on patients who underwent TP with or without arytenoid repositioning procedures between June 2008 and March 2017. The demographic data of the subjects, characteristics, etiology of glottic insufficiency, interventions performed, and subsequent complications were evaluated.ResultsOf 147 patients reviewed, 100 underwent TP alone, 41 underwent TP with arytenoid adduction, and six patients underwent TP with adduction arytenopexy. Iatrogenic vocal fold paralysis was the most common indication. Major complications, which included transient airway compromise and hematoma requiring reoperation, occurred in 7% of patients. Revision surgery and thyroplasty combined with arytenoid repositioning maneuvers were associated with increased risk of major complications.ConclusionsIn general, TP is a safe procedure, with a major complication rate that is lower than that of outpatient thyroidectomy. Overnight hospitalization should be considered in patients undergoing revision surgery and in those requiring concurrent arytenoid repositioning procedures.Level of Evidence4Laryngoscope, 129:1640–1646, 2019
Fibroblast growth factor‐21 protects against fibrosis in hypertensive heart disease
Authors: Ferrer‐Curriu Gemma , Redondo‐Angulo Ibon , Guitart‐Mampel Mariona , Ruperez Celia , Mas‐Stachurska Aleksandra , Sitges Marta , Garrabou Gloria , Villarroya Francesc , Fernández‐Solà Joaquim , Planavila Anna 
Published: December 2018

AbstractFGF21 is an endocrine factor that contributes to multiple pathophysiological processes, mainly via its action as a metabolic regulator and cardioprotective agent. Recent studies have shown increased circulating FGF21 levels in hypertensive patients and in mouse models of hypertension. However, the relevance of FGF21 in hypertensive heart disease has not been addressed. Hypertension was induced by treating 4‐month old WT and Fgf21−/− mice with angiotensin II (AngII) for 1 week, resulting in a similar increase in blood pressure in both genotypes. Plasma FGF21 levels and expression in heart and liver were significantly increased in hypertensive WT mice relative to controls, an effect that was associated with increased expression levels of β‐klotho specifically in the heart. Fgf21−/− mice developed a greater degree of hypertensive heart disease than WT mice, notably characterized by extensive cardiac dysfunction and fibrosis. In vitro and in vivo studies further showed that FGF21 exerted a marked protective effect against cardiac fibrosis. Finally, left ventricle biopsies from human hypertensive heart donors, especially those developing cardiomyopathy, showed a significant increase in FGF21expression compared with normotensive controls, a finding that was associated with significantly enhanced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. We conclude that during hypertension, both systemic and cardiac‐produced FGF21 are induced and act on the heart, protecting it from hypertensive heart disease. Thus, FGF21 acts as key factor in the fibrogenesis associated with hypertensive heart disease. Copyright © 2018 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Amorphous copolyesters based on bibenzoic acids and neopentyl glycol
Authors: Eliot Edling Hans , Mondschein Ryan J. , Davis Mark K. , Long Timothy E. , Richard Turner Sam 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTHigh Tg amorphous copolyester thermoplastics were synthesized by incorporating 4,4′‐bibenzoate (4,4′BB) and 3,4′‐bibenzoate moieties into the polyester backbone via melt polycondensation. The high levels of crystallinity typically associated with 4,4′BB containing polyesters were suppressed through copolymerization of ethylene glycol, 1,4‐cyclohexane dimethanol, and neopentyl glycol (NPG) diols. NPG was shown to be highly effective in suppressing crystallization and was used to produce amorphous compositions with Tg’s as high as 129 °C. Diol ratios were determined by 1H NMR spectroscopy and molecular weights were assessed with inherent viscosity (ηinh). Thermogravimetric analysis showed single‐step weight losses in the range of 395–419 °C. Differential scanning calorimetry was used to determine melting points and glass transition temperatures over a wide range of copolyester compositions and identified amorphous compositions. Dynamic mechanical analysis confirmed Tg’s and was used to study β‐relaxations below the Tg. Rheological analysis revealed the effect of NPG structures on shear thinning and thermal stability. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 579–587
A crystal structure of the human protein kinase Mps1 reveals an ordered conformation of the activation loop
Authors: Roorda Jacomina C. , Joosten Robbie P. , Perrakis Anastassis , Hiruma Yoshitaka 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMonopolar spindle 1 (Mps1) is a dual‐specificity protein kinase, orchestrating faithful chromosome segregation during mitosis. All reported structures of the Mps1 kinase adopt the hallmarks of an inactive conformation, which includes a mostly disordered activation loop. Here, we present a 2.4 Å resolution crystal structure of an “extended” version of the Mps1 kinase domain, which shows an ordered activation loop. However, the other structural characteristics of an active kinase are not present. Our structure shows that the Mps1 activation loop can fit to the ATP binding pocket and interferes with ATP, but less so with inhibitors binding, partly explain the potency of various Mps1 inhibitors.
Comparison of assimilating all‐sky and clear‐sky infrared radiances from Himawari‐8 in a mesoscale system
Authors: Okamoto Kozo , Sawada Yohei , Kunii Masaru 
Published: December 2018

This study examines the advantages of infrared all‐sky radiance (ASR) assimilation over traditional clear‐sky radiance (CSR) assimilation using a mesoscale LETKF data assimilation system. To effectively assimilate ASR data from the Himawari‐8 geostationary satellite, a cloud‐dependent quality‐control procedure and an observation error model were developed. A single humidity band to be assimilated and thinning distance were determined based on observation error statistics. The operational pre‐processing and parameter settings, such as observation errors and an adaptive bias correction for CSR, were incorporated into the LETKF data assimilation system.A comparison of the impacts of assimilating ASRs and CSRs was accomplished using single‐cycle and 10‐day cycle assimilation experiments. Study results revealed that ASR assimilation provided a higher degree of improvement in the first‐guess fit for conventional observations and satellite retrievals with respect to temperature, moisture and wind. Furthermore, ASR assimilation displayed a more stable improvement in the prediction of a severe rainfall event because it has more universal data coverage than CSR. Adaptive bias correction schemes with two different sets of predictors for ASRs were tested and revealed the difficulty in extracting additional information for the assimilation of no‐bias corrected ASR due to complicated bias factors. This was in contrast to the CSR assimilation, where bias correction had a positive impact.
A physical subgrid‐scale information exchange (PSIE) system for parametrization schemes in numerical weather prediction models
Authors: Kuell Volker , Bott Andreas 
Published: December 2018

The choice and interaction of the parametrization schemes in a numerical weather prediction (NWP) model are crucial for the forecast quality. Because, classically, the parametrization schemes can only communicate to each other via the tendencies of the averaged grid‐scale prognostic variables, a considerable amount of subgrid‐scale information available within the schemes is lost.To overcome this problem, subgrid‐scale information should be directly exchanged between the parametrization schemes. In the present paper already existing subgrid‐scale communication paths, which have been successfully used in operational forecasts in the past, are extended to a physical subgrid‐scale information exchange (PSIE) system including all atmospheric parametrization schemes. For our studies we have chosen the parametrization schemes of microphysics, convection, turbulence, fractional cloud cover and radiation. The COSMO model of Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD) with a grid size of Δx = 7 km serves as the hosting model for the implementation of the PSIE system. However, the couplings are formulated in a way that also allows the PSIE system to be applied to other NWP models. Simulations of real case‐studies of different weather situations are performed and compared to DWD observational precipitation data from RADOLAN (radar measurements calibrated by station data).Visual inspection of precipitation maps reveals that precipitation patterns look more realistic with the full PSIE system, especially during air‐mass convection situations. This is confirmed by fractional skill score (FSS) analyses, which also give an insight into the temporal development of the PSIE effects. The relative impact of the PSIE paths and their interaction is also studied in conjunction with a factor separation analysis.
REPRESENTATIONS OF DECAY IN THE WORKS OF CAT HOPE
Authors: James Stuart , Vickery Lindsay 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis article considers the ‘representation of decay’ in selected concert works by the Australian composer Cat Hope. It draws on a mixed-method research methodology, comparing the conceptual aspects of Hope's oeuvre with analyses of studio and live recordings of Hope's work and discussing how such ideas of ‘decay’ may play out in the sonic world. Two forms of spectral analysis are employed: firstly the analysis of spectral parameters roughness, noisiness, brightness, pitch, and centroid, and secondly a visualisation of the music as a spectrogram. The data for the spectral analyses are derived from Alexander Harker's spectral descriptor tools for MaxMSP which record a value for each parameter every 25 milliseconds. At times, values are normalised within a range of 0 and 1, as representative of how listeners experience parametrical changes (i.e. dynamics, in relative terms rather than absolutes in relation to other sounds in the work). Importantly, perception of noisiness is more acute at frequencies in which the auditory critical bands are wider, below 250 Hz (roughly below middle C), precisely the upper range specified by Hope to define instruments suitable for the Australian Bass Orchestra.
TOUCHING SOUND: A SYMPOSIUM EXPLORING IDEAS AROUND SOUND AND TACTILITY
Authors: Molitor Claudia 
Published: December 2018

AbstractTouching Sound, a symposium hosted by Sound Practice and Research at City, University of London and IKLECTIK Art Lab in 2017, aimed to explore the deeply embodied experience that is hearing and listening and add to this ever-growing field of practice and research. Composers and artists, a ceramicist, a landscape architect, and a surgeon considered the tactile experience from an open perspective, including the political, social and aesthetic. Interest in exploring touch and the tactile in relation to music and sound has grown in both practice and research. Until recently the discourse was predominantly centred on the integration of haptics with sound technology and ways in which music ‘touches’ us emotionally. Changing approaches to multi-modal experiences, often underpinned by phenomenology, and developing technological possibilities have, however, given rise to more embodied and tactile approaches to thinking about and creating music.
THE BODY AS MUSICAL STRUCTURE
Authors: Hendrickse Jan 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis article considers the ways that we might rethink our relationship to musical tools and discusses some possible implications for re-thinking these human/non-human intra-actions. I refer to my own experience as a flute player to examine the body's relationship to air and whether this can be considered to be a form of touch. In doing so I have referenced trans-cultural perspectives in order to show that specific musical practices can structure human experience in very different ways.
Adviser to The King: Experts, Rationalization, and Legitimacy
Authors: Jones Calvert W. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractDo experts rationalize and legitimize authoritarian governance? Although research on expert actors in contexts of democracy and international governance is now extensive, scholarly work on their role in authoritarian settings remains limited. This article helps open the black box of authoritarian decision-making by investigating expert advisers in the Arab Gulf monarchies, where ruling elites have enlisted them from top universities and global consulting firms. Qualitative fieldwork combined with three experiments casts doubt on both the rationalization and legitimacy hypotheses and also generates new insights surrounding unintended consequences. On rationalization, the evidence suggests that experts contribute to perverse cycles of overconfidence among authoritarian ruling elites, thereby enabling a belief in state-building shortcuts. On legitimacy, the experiments demonstrate a backfire effect, with experts reducing public support for reform. The author makes theoretical contributions by suggesting important and heretofore unrecognized conflicts and trade-offs across experts’ potential for rationalizing vis-à-vis legitimizing.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea due to Transethmoidal Encephalocele Following Occipital Meningioma Resection in an Adult: A Case Report
Authors: Bartoš Robert , Vachata Petr , Sameš Martin , Radovnický Tomáš 
Published: December 2018

AbstractTransethmoidal encephalocele is a rare condition in adult patients. It is usually diagnosed during childhood by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea, meningitis, a nasal mass, or seizures. We present a case of an adult woman with CSF rhinorrhea following resection of an occipital meningioma. The cribriform plate defect containing the encephalocele was diagnosed by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Transcranial surgery using a patch was performed successfully. We also discuss the possible pathophysiologic mechanisms of encephalocele and treatment options.
Punción percutánea transtorácica con aguja gruesa: complicaciones y factores de riesgo inherentes al paciente
Authors: Cobeñas Ricardo , Pinzon Jairo Hernandez , Re Ricardo , Mena Karen , Paba Mariangela , Larrañaga Nebil , Kozima Shigeru 
Published: December 2018

Objetivo Determinar la incidencia de complicaciones con el uso de una aguja gruesa (semiautomática Trucut 18), para punción pulmonar y realizar un análisis exploratorio de las variables inherentes al paciente que probablemente puedan tener relación con el desarrollo de complicaciones.
Materiales y Métodos Estudio retrospectivo de una serie de casos de pacientes sometidos a punción percutánea transtorácica (PPT) con aguja gruesa y guiada por tomografía computada (TC) para el estudio de lesiones pulmonares; se realizó un análisis univariado.
Resultados Se realizaron 26 punciones, la tasa de incidencia de complicaciones fue del 38,46% en 1 año; los pacientes presentaron: neumotórax leve (n = 7), neumotórax moderado (n = 3) y hemorragia alveolar difusa (n = 1). El análisis estadístico univariado mostró una diferencia estadísticamente significativa en la edad de los pacientes que presentaron complicaciones v/s los pacientes que no presentaron complicaciones (61,18 +/− 3,6 versus 75,1 +/− 2,46 años, p = 0,0107).
Conclusión La PPT-TC es un procedimiento con una tasa considerable de complicaciones no severas; en nuestra serie de casos, la edad fue la variable que se asoció con mayor fuerza al probable desarrollo de complicaciones.
Microvascular Decompression for Geniculate Neuralgia through a Retrosigmoid Approach
Authors: Nguyen Vincent N. , Basma Jaafar , Sorenson Jeffrey , Michael L. Madison 
Published: December 2018

Objectives To describe a retrosigmoid approach for the microvascular sectioning of the nervus intermedius and decompression of the 5th and 9th cranial nerves, with emphasis on microsurgical anatomy and technique.
Design A retrosigmoid craniectomy is performed in the lateral decubitus position. The dura is opened and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is released from the cisterna magna and cerebellopontine cistern. Dynamic retraction without rigid retractors is performed. Subarachnoid dissection of the cerebellopontine angle exposes the 7th to 8th nerve complex. A neuromonitoring probe is used with careful inspection of the microsurgical anatomy to identify the facial nerve and the nervus intermedius as they enter the internal auditory meatus. The nervus intermedius is severed. A large vein coursing superiorly across cranial 9th nerve was coagulated and cut. A Teflon pledget is inserted between a small vessel and the 5th nerve. Photographs of the region are borrowed from Dr. Rhoton's laboratory to illustrate the microsurgical anatomy.
Participants The senior author performed the surgery. The video was edited by Drs. V.N. and J.B.
Outcome Measures Outcome was assessed by postoperative neurological function.
Results The nervus intermedius was successfully cut and the 5th and 9th nerves were decompressed. The patient's pain resolved after surgery and at later follow-up.
Conclusions Understanding the microsurgical anatomy of the cerebellopontine angle is necessary to identify the cranial nerves involved in facial pain syndromes. Subarachnoid dissection and meticulous microsurgical techniques are key elements for a successful microvascular decompression.The link to the video can be found at: https://youtu.be/pV5Wip7WusE.
On the variety of the inflection points of plane cubic curves
Authors: Kulikov Vic. S. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
In this paper we study properties of the nine-dimensional variety of the inflection points of plane cubics. We describe the local monodromy groups of the set of inflection points near singular cubic curves and give a detailed description of the normalizations of the surfaces of the inflection points of plane cubic curves belonging to general two-dimensional linear systems of cubics. We also prove the vanishing of the irregularity of a smooth manifold birationally isomorphic to the variety of the inflection points of plane cubics.
Automorphisms of cubic surfaces in positive characteristic
Authors: Dolgachev I. , Duncan A. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
We classify all possible automorphism groups of smooth cubic surfaces over an algebraically closed field of arbitrary characteristic. As an intermediate step we also classify automorphism groups of quartic del Pezzo surfaces. We show that the moduli space of smooth cubic surfaces is rational in every characteristic, determine the dimensions of the strata admitting each possible isomorphism class of automorphism group, and find explicit normal forms in each case. Finally, we completely characterize when a smooth cubic surface in positive characteristic, together with a group action, can be lifted to characteristic zero.
Equivariant exceptional collections on smooth toric stacks
Authors: Borisov L. A. , Orlov D. O. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
We study the bounded derived categories of torus-equivariant coherent sheaves on smooth toric varieties and Deligne–Mumford stacks. We construct and describe full exceptional collections in these categories. We also observe that these categories depend only on the

-homeomorphism type of the corresponding simplicial complex.
The Interaction of a Diabetes Gene Risk Score With 3 Different Antihypertensive Medications for Incident Glucose-level Elevation
Authors: Barzilay Joshua I , Lai Dejian , Davis Barry R , Pressel Sara , Previn Hannah E , Arnett Donna K 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Elevations of fasting glucose (FG) levels are frequently encountered in people treated with thiazide diuretics. The risk is lower in people treated with ACE inhibitors (ACEi). To determine if genetic factors play a role in FG elevation, we examined the interaction of a diabetes gene risk score (GRS) with the use of 3 different antihypertensive medications.

METHODS
We examined 376 nondiabetic hypertensive individuals with baseline FG &lt;100 mg/dl who were genotyped for 24 genes associated with risk of elevated glucose levels. All participants had ≥1 follow-up FG level over 6 years of follow-up. Participants were randomized to treatment with a thiazide-like diuretic (chlorthalidone), a calcium channel blocker (CCB; amlodipine), or an ACEi (lisinopril). Outcomes were an FG increase of ≥13 or ≥27 mg/dl, the upper 75% and 90% FG increase in the parent cohort from which the present cohort was obtained. Odds ratios were adjusted for factors that increase FG levels.

RESULTS
For every 1 allele increase in GRS, the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were 1.06 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.99, 1.14; P = 0.06) and 1.09 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.20; P = 0.08). When results were examined by randomized medications, participants randomized to amlodipine had statistically significant odds for either outcome (OR: 1.23; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.48; P = 0.01 and OR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.62; P = 0.01). No such risk increase was found in participants randomized to the other 2 medications.

CONCLUSIONS
A diabetes GRS predicts FG elevation in people treated with a CCB, but not with an ACEi or diuretic. These findings require confirmation.

CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION
Trial number NCT00000542.