bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Siglec-9 Regulates an Effector Memory CD8+ T-cell Subset That Congregates in the Melanoma Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Haas Quentin , Boligan Kayluz Frias , Jandus Camilla , Schneider Christoph , Simillion Cedric , Stanczak Michal A. , Haubitz Monika , Seyed Jafari Seyed Morteza , Zippelius Alfred , Baerlocher Gabriela M. , Läubli Heinz , Hunger Robert E. , Romero Pedro , Simon Hans-Uwe , von Gunten Stephan 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests an immunosuppressive role of altered tumor glycosylation due to downregulation of innate immune responses via immunoregulatory Siglecs. In contrast, human T cells, a major anticancer effector cell, only rarely express Siglecs. However, here, we report that the majority of intratumoral, but not peripheral blood, cytotoxic CD8+ T cells expressed Siglec-9 in melanoma. We identified Siglec-9+ CD8+ T cells as a subset of effector memory cells with high functional capacity and signatures of clonal expansion. This cytotoxic T-cell subset was functionally inhibited in the presence of Siglec-9 ligands or by Siglec-9 engagement by specific antibodies. TCR signaling pathways and key effector functions (cytotoxicity, cytokine production) of CD8+ T cells were suppressed by Siglec-9 engagement, which was associated with the phosphorylation of the inhibitory protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1, but not SHP-2. Expression of cognate Siglec-9 ligands was observed on the majority of tumor cells in primary and metastatic melanoma specimens. Targeting the tumor-restricted, glycosylation-dependent Siglec-9 axis may unleash this intratumoral T-cell subset, while confining T-cell activation to the tumor microenvironment.
The Tumor Immune Microenvironment Drives a Prognostic Relevance That Correlates with Bladder Cancer Subtypes
Authors: Pfannstiel Carolin , Strissel Pamela L. , Chiappinelli Katherine B. , Sikic Danijel , Wach Sven , Wirtz Ralph M. , Wullweber Adrian , Taubert Helge , Breyer Johannes , Otto Wolfgang , Worst Thomas , Burger Maximilian , Wullich Bernd , Bolenz Christian , Fuhrich Nicole , Geppert Carol I. , Weyerer Veronika , Stoehr Robert , Bertz Simone , Keck Bastian , Erlmeier Franziska , Erben Philipp , Hartmann Arndt , Strick Reiner , Eckstein Markus 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) represents approximately two-thirds of invasive urothelial bladder cancers (UBC) and has high morbidity and mortality. Men are over 3-fold more frequently affected by UBC than women. Despite intensive efforts to improve patient treatment and outcome, two-thirds of patients with UBC will have a recurrence or disease progression within 5 years. We demonstrated that the quantity and spatial distribution of stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (sTIL) within the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) predict stages of tumor inflammation, subtypes, and patient survival and correlate with expression of immune checkpoints in an analysis of 542 patients with MIBC. High sTILs indicated an inflamed subtype with an 80% 5-year DSS, and a lack of immune infiltrates identified an uninflamed subtype with a survival rate of less than 25%. A separate immune evading phenotype with upregulated immune checkpoints associated with poor survival. Within the TIME are tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS), which can mediate antitumor activity via immune cells. High TLS amounts and close tumor distance correlated significantly with an inflamed phenotype and favorable survival. The uninflamed and evasion phenotypes showed lowest TLS numbers, farthest tumor distances, and shortest survival. High inflammation also correlated with increased neoantigen load and mutational burden. Patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy showed a favorable prognosis, which was dependent on high sTILs. Determination of sTILs and tumor subtypes may stratify therapy success and patient survival, and considering sTILs can easily be quantified using simple morphologic parameters, like hematoxylin and eosin, sTILs can be implemented for predicting patient survival in a routine manner.
Serum MicroRNA-Based Risk Prediction for Stroke
Authors: Sonoda Takumi , Matsuzaki Juntaro , Yamamoto Yusuke , Sakurai Takashi , Aoki Yoshiaki , Takizawa Satoko , Niida Shumpei , Ochiya Takahiro 
Published: April 2019

Background and Purpose—
Numerous studies have shown that circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) can be used as noninvasive biomarkers of various diseases. This study aimed to identify serum miRNAs that predict the risk of stroke.

Methods—
The cases were individuals who had been diagnosed with cerebrovascular disorder by brain imaging. The controls were individuals with no history of stroke who had undergone a medical checkup. Serum miRNA profiling was performed for all participants using microarray analysis. Samples were divided into discovery, training, and validation sets. In the discovery set, which consisted of control samples only, serum miRNAs that correlated with the predicted risk of stroke, as calculated using 7 clinical risk factors, were identified by Pearson correlation analysis. In the training set, a discriminant model between cases and controls was constructed using the identified miRNAs, Fisher linear discrimination model with leave-one-out cross-validation and DeLong test. In the validation set, the predictive accuracy of the constructed model was calculated.

Results—
First, in 1523 control samples (discovery set), we identified 10 miRNAs that correlated with a predicted risk of stroke. Second, in 45 controls and 87 cases (training set), we identified 7 of 10 miRNAs that significantly associated with cerebrovascular disorder (miR-1228-5p, miR-1268a, miR-1268b, miR-4433b-3p, miR-6090, miR-6752-5p, and miR-6803-5p). Third, a 3-miRNA combination model (miR-1268b, miR-4433b-3p, and miR-6803-5p) was constructed in the training set with a sensitivity of 84%, a specificity of 98%, and an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.95 (95% CI, 0.92–0.98). Finally, in 45 controls and 86 cases (validation set), the 3-miRNA model achieved a sensitivity of 80%, a specificity of 82%, and an area under the receiver operating characteristic of 0.89 (95% CI, 0.83–0.95) for cerebrovascular disorder.

Conclusions—
We identified 7 serum miRNAs that could predict the risk of cerebrovascular disorder before the onset of stroke.
Phalangopsidae crickets from the Indian Region (Orthoptera, Grylloidea), with the descriptions of new taxa, diagnoses for genera, and a key to Indian genera
Authors: DESUTTER-GRANDCOLAS LAURE , JAISWARA RANJANA 
Published: April 2019

The Indian region is presently the second region after the Neotropics in terms of diversity of phalangopsid crickets. Yet their study is impeded by the lack of necessary taxonomic tools for taxon identification. In the present paper, all generic diagnoses are clarified, using morphological and genitalic characters; female genitalia are described and illustrated for all genera with known females. New taxa are described from southern India: Kempiola flavipunctatus Desutter-Grandcolas n. sp., Opiliosina meridionalis Desutter-Grandcolas n. gen., n. sp., Phalangopsina bolivari Desutter-Grandcolas n. sp., P. chopardi Desutter-Grandcolas n. sp., P . gravelyi Desutter-Grandcolas n. sp., and Speluncasina Desutter-Grandcolas n. gen. The list of phalangopsid crickets from the Indian Region is updated, and a key to phalangopsid genera proposed. A lectotype and a paralectotype are designated to fix the name of Phalangopsina dubia (Bolivar, 1900). Opilionacris annandalei Chopard, 1928, previously transferred to the African genus Phaeophilacris Walker, 1871, is transferred to the genus Speluncasina Desutter-Grandcolas n. gen., while Larandopsis jharnae Bhowmik, 1981 and L. newguineae Bhowmik, 1981 described from New Guinea are transferred to the eneopterine genus Lebinthus Stål, 1877. Finally Luzaropsis confusa Chopard, 1969 is removed from its synonymy with L. ferruginea Walker, 1871.
Evolution of an Axisymmetric Tropical Cyclone before Reaching Slantwise Moist Neutrality
Authors: Peng Ke , Rotunno Richard , Bryan George H. , Fang Juan 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn a previous study, the authors showed that the intensification process of a numerically simulated axisymmetric tropical cyclone (TC) can be divided into two periods denoted by “phase I” and “phase II.” The intensification process in phase II can be qualitatively described by Emanuel’s intensification theory in which the angular momentum (M) and saturated entropy (s*) surfaces are congruent in the TC interior. During phase I, however, the M and s* surfaces evolve from nearly orthogonal to almost congruent, and thus, the intensifying simulated TC has a different physical character as compared to that found in phase II. The present work uses a numerical simulation to investigate the evolution of an axisymmetric TC during phase I. The present results show that sporadic, deep convective annular rings play an important role in the simulated axisymmetric TC evolution in phase I. The convergence in low-level radial (Ekman) inflow in the boundary layer of the TC vortex, together with the increase of near-surface s* produced by sea surface fluxes, leads to episodes of convective rings around the TC center. These convective rings transport larger values of s* and M from the lower troposphere upward to the tropopause; the locally large values of M associated with the convective rings cause a radially outward bias in the upper-level radial velocity and an inward bias in the low-level radial velocity. Through a repetition of this process, the pattern (i.e., phase II) gradually emerges. The role of internal gravity waves related to the episodes of convection and the TC intensification process during phase I is also discussed.
Arctic Sea Ice Volume Variability over 1901–2010: A Model-Based Reconstruction
Authors: Schweiger Axel J. , Wood Kevin R. , Zhang Jinlun 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
PIOMAS-20C, an Arctic sea ice reconstruction for 1901–2010, is produced by forcing the Pan-Arctic Ice Ocean Modeling and Assimilation System (PIOMAS) with ERA-20C atmospheric data. ERA-20C performance over Arctic sea ice is assessed by comparisons with measurements and data from other reanalyses. ERA-20C performs similarly with respect to the annual cycle of downwelling radiation, air temperature, and wind speed compared to reanalyses with more extensive data assimilation such as ERA-Interim and MERRA. PIOMAS-20C sea ice thickness and volume are then compared with in situ and aircraft remote sensing observations for the period of ~1950–2010. Error statistics are similar to those for PIOMAS. We compare the magnitude and patterns of sea ice variability between the first half of the twentieth century (1901–40) and the more recent period (1980–2010), both marked by sea ice decline in the Arctic. The first period contains the so-called early-twentieth-century warming (ETCW; ~1920–40) during which the Atlantic sector saw a significant decline in sea ice volume, but the Pacific sector did not. The sea ice decline over the 1979–2010 period is pan-Arctic and 6 times larger than the net decline during the 1901–40 period. Sea ice volume trends reconstructed solely from surface temperature anomalies are smaller than PIOMAS-20C, suggesting that mechanisms other than warming, such as changes in ice motion and deformation, played a significant role in determining sea ice volume trends during both periods.
WITHDRAWN—Administrative Duplicate Publication: 1. The new curriculum for Wales (UK) and TASC: Thinking Actively in a Social Context
Authors: Humphries Walter Oliver , Wallace Belle 
Published: April 2019

Humphries WO and Wallace B (2019). 1. The new curriculum for Wales (UK) and TASC: Thinking Actively in a Social Context. Gifted Education International. Epub ahead of print 15 April 2019. Ahead of Print article withdrawn by publisher. Due to an administrative error, this article was accidentally published twice Online First with different DOIs. The correct and citable version of the article remains: Wallace B, Humphries W and Evans K (2019) On demonstrating the development of the Thinking Actively in a Social Context (TASC) problem-solving approach in schools in South Wales (UK). Gifted Education International 35(2): 152-160. DOI: 10.1177/0261429419839380
Wash-in/wash-out phase xenon-enhanced area-detector CT (ADCT): utility for regional ventilation, pulmonary functional loss and clinical stage evaluations of smokers
Authors: Ohno Yoshiharu , Fujisawa Yasuko , Sugihara Naoki , Kishida Yuji , Koyama Hisanobu , Seki Shinichiro , Yoshikawa Takeshi 
Published: April 2019

Background Xenon (Xe)-enhanced area-detector computed tomography (ADCT) can visualize regional distribution of Xe within the lungs and demonstrate regional ventilation differences in smokers and patients with pulmonary diseases. Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the capability of wash-in and wash-out (WI/WO) phase Xe-enhanced ADCT for detecting regional ventilation differences based on underlying lung conditions, pulmonary functional loss evaluation, and clinical stage prediction for smokers with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Material and Methods The pulmonary function test as well as inspiratory/expiratory unenhanced and WI/WO phase Xe-enhanced ADCT were prospectively administered to a group of 40 smokers consisting of 25 men (mean age ± standard deviation [SD] = 65.1 ± 9.5 years) and 15 women (65.2 ± 9.4 years), after which WI, WO, WI/WO ratio, and ventilation ratio as well as parametric response maps were generated. All Xe-enhanced ADCT indexes and pulmonary function test results were subjected to step-wise regression analyses. Finally, discrimination analysis was performed to determine the concordance capability for clinical stage classification of smokers. Results %VC was significantly affected by the WI index ( P < 0.0001), while FEV1/FVC% and %FEV1 were significantly affected by the ventilation ratio ( P < 0.0001). Accuracy of the WI index combined with the ventilation ratio was significantly higher than that of the WI index ( P = 0.008), WI/WO ratio ( P = 0.02), and WI index combined with the WI/WO ratio ( P = 0.02). Conclusion WI/WO phase Xe-enhanced ADCT is useful for assessing smoking-related regional ventilation change and pulmonary functional loss, as well as evaluating the severity of smokers’ diseases.
A routine urine test has partial predictive value in premature rupture of the membranes
Authors: Liang Haifeng , Xie Zhiqiang , Liu Baohong , Song Xiaojie , Zhao Guanghui 
Published: April 2019

Objective This study aimed to examine the predictive value of a routine urine test for premature rupture of the fetal membranes. Methods Routine urine test data of 100 patients with preterm premature rupture of the membranes (PPROM) and 100 patients with full-term premature rupture of the membranes (PROM) were collected by the case-based method. Additionally, 100 healthy pregnant women and 100 nonpregnant adult healthy women were selected as the negative control group and blank control group, respectively. A receiver operating characteristic curve was established after identifying the different parameters. Results We found that occult blood, glucose, ketone bodies, urine specific gravity, red blood cell count, epithelial cell count, bacteria, yeast, crystals, and electrical conductivity were significantly different between the PPROM and PROM groups. There were significant differences in occult blood, protein, glucose, ketone bodies, pH, red blood cell count, bacteria, urine specific gravity, crystals, and electrical conductivity between the PPROM and full-term groups. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that when the cut-off for bacteria was 130.15, it had the largest area under the curve value of 0.696. Conclusion A routine urine test, especially for bacterial counts, has certain predictive value for PROM.
Do Outcomes or Subsequent Injuries Differ After Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction With Palmaris Versus Hamstring Autograft?
Authors: Erickson Brandon J. , Chalmers Peter N. , D’Angelo John , Ma Kevin , Dines Joshua S. , Romeo Anthony A. 
Published: April 2019

Background: Ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction (UCLR) is a successful procedure in professional baseball players. It is unclear whether graft choice affects results. Purpose: Determine performance and rate of return to sport (RTS) in professional baseball players after UCLR and compare performance and RTS rate, as well as injury rates, between players who underwent UCLR with hamstring versus palmaris autograft. Hypothesis: A high RTS rate exists in professional baseball players after UCLR, with no significant difference in injury rates, RTS rates, or performance specifically related to primary outcome performance variables—WHIP ([walks + hits]/innings pitched), fielding independent pitching (FIP), and wins above replacement (WAR)—between those who undergo UCLR with palmaris versus hamstring autograft. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: All professional baseball players who underwent UCLR with hamstring autograft between 2010 and 2015 were included. Surgical details were gathered from operative reports. Players with hamstring UCLR were compared with a matched control group of players who underwent UCLR with palmaris autograft. Results: Overall, 195 players underwent UCLR with hamstring autograft. No differences in RTS rates or timing to RTS were found between the hamstring and palmaris groups. Significantly more subsequent injuries to the contralateral lower extremity were seen in the hamstring group versus the palmaris group (25 vs 13, respectively) ( P = .040). More subsequent injuries to the upper extremity were found in the palmaris group versus the hamstring group (73 vs 55, respectively), although this difference was not significant ( P = .052). No consistent differences in performance metrics upon RTS existed between hamstring and palmaris groups, although both groups significantly declined in many performance metrics after surgery. Both hamstring and palmaris groups showed a decline postoperatively in WAR (0.86 vs 0.35 and 1.23 vs 0.34, respectively) and WHIP (1.33 vs 1.44 and 1.36 vs 1.51, respectively); FIP did not decline (4.56 vs 5.27 and 4.51 vs 4.53, respectively). No significant difference in WAR, WHIP, or FIP existed between groups postoperatively. Conclusion: Baseball players who underwent UCLR with hamstring autograft were more likely to sustain a subsequent lower extremity injury, whereas those who underwent UCLR with palmaris autograft had a trend toward sustaining more upper extremity injuries. No difference in performance or RTS rates existed between groups. Both groups significantly declined in WAR and WHIP after UCLR.
Assessment of body weight for age determination in kittens
Authors: DiGangi Brian A , Graves Jessica , Budke Christine M , Levy Julie K , Tucker Sylvia , Isaza Natalie 
Published: April 2019

Objectives The objective of this study was to assess the utility of using body weight for age determination in kittens. Methods Medical records were reviewed for serial body weight measurements collected from neonatal kittens (up to 8 weeks of age) from a breeding colony of specific pathogen-free domestic shorthair cats and for single-point body weight measurements of privately owned pediatric kittens (6–20 weeks of age) presenting for elective sterilization. Body weights were compared with known dates of birth and age assessed by dental eruption in combination with developmental characteristics. Results The coefficient of determination (R2) between age and body weight in longitudinally sampled neonatal kittens was 0.88, while that for pediatric kittens sampled at a single time point was 0.54. Among neonatal kittens, predicted age based on the 1 lb (0.45 kg) of body weight gain per month of age guideline corresponded to within 1 week of actual age for 243 (98.8%), 234 (95.1%), 203 (82.5%) and 191 (77.6%) kittens at 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks of age, respectively. Among pediatric kittens, predicted age based on this guideline corresponded to within 1 week of actual age for 24 (77.4%), 411 (67.5%), 170 (57.0%), 96 (46.6%), 23 (28.8%), 15 (27.8%), one (25%) and five (17.9%) kittens at 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 and 20 weeks, respectively. Conclusions and relevance Body weight was an effective means of predicting age in kittens through 10 weeks of age. Factors other than body weight should be considered when estimating kitten age beyond that time point.
Prevalence of idle peripherally inserted central catheters in adult patients: A multicenter cross-sectional study
Authors: Xiong Zhao-Yu , Luo Zhen , Chen Hai-Yan 
Published: April 2019

Background: Increasing studies concern about idle vascular access devices, but still scant data on idle peripherally inserted central catheters. We aimed to assess the prevalence and risks of idle peripherally inserted central catheters in adult patients. Methods: A multicenter cross-sectional observational study was performed between April 2018 and July 2018. Patient demographics and peripherally inserted central catheters–related information were abstracted using a site questionnaire by directly inquiring and medical records reviewing right after their peripherally inserted central catheters were removed. Results: Three hundred and fifty-eight patients with peripherally inserted central catheter episodes who met the inclusion criteria were studied. Of the 58,000 total catheter-days recorded, 5311 (9.2%) were considered as idle based on our study criteria. Two hundred and fifty-five (71.2%) patients had at least 1 idle catheter-day with a mean duration of 14.84 (19.31) idle days. The incidence of catheter-related complications in patients with idle peripherally inserted central catheters was lower than that in patients without idle peripherally inserted central catheters, though the difference did not reach statistical significance (odds ratio = 0.635, 95% confidence interval = 0.367–1.099, p = 0.103). Conclusion: In conclusion, idle peripherally inserted central catheters were common in adult patients, but the low risks of catheter-related complications may justify maintaining a peripherally inserted central catheter for further observation when necessary.