bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High Sensitivity and Selectivity of AsP Sensor in Detecting SF6 Decomposition Gases
Authors: Jin Wang , Guofeng Yang , Junjun Xue , Jianming Lei , Qing Cai , Dunjun Chen , Hai Lu , Rong Zhang , Youdou Zheng 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe sensing properties of monolayer arsenic phosphorus (AsP) for the adsorption of SF6, H2O, O2, and SF6 decomposition gases (SO2 and H2S) are theoretically investigated by the first-principle calculations. We calculate the adsorption energy, equilibrium distance, Mulliken charge transfer, and electron localization function (ELF) to explore whether AsP is suitable for detecting SF6 decomposition gases. By comparing the adsorption performance of SF6, H2O, O2, and H2S gases, we have revealed that the SO2 gas molecules could form stable chemisorption with AsP monolayer. The results demonstrate that AsP is highly sensitive and selective to SO2 gas molecules with robust adsorption energy and apparent charge transfer. Furthermore, the current-voltage (I–V) curves reveal that only the adsorption of SO2 can largely modify the resistance of AsP. Our results show that gas sensors based on AsP monolayer could be better than that of black phosphorene (BP) to diagnose the state of online gas-insulated switchgear (GIS).
The XXL Survey
Authors: Koulouridis E. , Ricci M. , Giles P. , Adami C. , Ramos-Ceja M. , Pierre M. , Plionis M. , Lidman C. , Georgantopoulos I. , Chiappetti L. , Elyiv A. , Ettori S. , Faccioli L. , Fotopoulou S. , Gastaldello F. , Pacaud F. , Paltani S. , Vignali C. 
Published: August 2018

Context. We present the results of a study of the active galactic nucleus (AGN) density in a homogeneous and well-studied sample of 167 bona fide X-ray galaxy clusters (0.1 < z < 0.5) from the XXL Survey, from the cluster core to the outskirts (up to 6r500). The results can provide evidence of the physical mechanisms that drive AGN and galaxy evolution within clusters, testing the efficiency of ram pressure gas stripping and galaxy merging in dense environments.
Aims. The XXL cluster sample mostly comprises poor and moderately rich structures (M = 1013–4 × 1014 M⊙), a poorly studied population that bridges the gap between optically selected groups and massive X-ray selected clusters. Our aim is to statistically study the demographics of cluster AGNs as a function of cluster mass and host galaxy position.
Methods. To investigate the effect of the environment on AGN activity, we computed the fraction of spectroscopically confirmed X-ray AGNs (LX [0.5-10 keV] > 1042 erg cm−1) in bright cluster galaxies with Mi* − 2 < M < Mi* + 1, up to 6r500 radius. The corresponding field fraction was computed from 200 mock cluster catalogues with reshuffled positions within the XXL fields. To study the mass dependence and the evolution of the AGN population, we further divided the sample into low- and high-mass clusters (below and above 1014M⊙, respectively) and two redshift bins (0.1–0.28 and 0.28–0.5).
Results. We detect a significant excess of X-ray AGNs, at the 95% confidence level, in low-mass clusters between 0.5r500 and 2r500, which drops to the field value within the cluster cores (r < 0.5r500). In contrast, high-mass clusters present a decreasing AGN fraction towards the cluster centres, in agreement with previous studies. The high AGN fraction in the outskirts is caused by low-luminosity AGNs, up to LX [0.5-10 keV] = 1043 erg cm−1. It can be explained by a higher galaxy merging rate in low-mass clusters, where velocity dispersions are not high enough to prevent galaxy interactions and merging. Ram pressure stripping is possible in the cores of all our clusters, but probably stronger in deeper gravitational potentials. Compared with previous studies of massive or high-redshift clusters, we conclude that the AGN fraction in cluster galaxies anti-correlates strongly with cluster mass. The AGN fraction also increases with redshift, but at the same rate with the respective fraction in field galaxies.
Hämochromatose-assoziierte Arthropathien
Authors: Braner Axel 
Published: August 2018

AbstractArthropathy is the most common and often the earliest clinical manifestation of hereditary hemochromatosis (HH). It is difficult to treat and there is a high risk for early endoprosthetic joint replacement. Research done during the last decade shows that it is a joint disease in its own right. Clinically, there are degenerative articular changes with an atypical pattern of distribution, a crystal arthropathy (CPPD) with congenital joint swelling and synovitis like in RA. The X-ray image shows typical but not exclusive findings. In MRI, groundbreaking subchondral findings are found, especially in the large joints, and ultrasound shows inflammatory lesions in non-arthropathy patients as well. In animal experiments and pathomorphological studies of the synovial membrane, the arthropathy can be differentiated from osteoarthrits and RA. The pathophysiological significance of iron overload can be distinguished from immunohistochemical and cytogenetic investigations in chronic degenerative HH arthropathy and inflammatory-destructive arthropathy in hemophilia. By elucidating the pathophysiology, new therapeutic approaches can be formulated. In addition to colchicine, the IL-1 receptor antagonist anakinra is available for activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by CPPD crystals and subsequent induction of IL-1β overproduction. Other manifestations include symptomatic pain therapy and intensive physiotherapy and occupational therapy. To promote further research into hemochromatosis arthropathy, the Hemochromatosis Arthropathy Research Initiative (HARI) was established in 2016.
Geht’s den Eltern gut, geht’s dem Kind gut
Authors: Lusebrink Christina , Kappel Nadine , Kocks Andreas 
Published: August 2018

Zusammenfassung98 Prozent der Geburten in Deutschland finden im Krankenhaus statt. Nicht immer ist Geburtshilfe und die Betreuung in der Schwangerschaft oder im Wochenbett eine
rein problemlose und glückliche Zeit. Immer wieder gibt es auch gesundheitliche, soziale oder psychische Herausforderungen, die die Mutter, den Vater, das Kind
und auch die ganze Familie belasten. Das Konzept der Frühen Hilfen im Krankenhaus hat es sich zur Aufgabe gemacht, früh Unterstützungen anzubieten und Experten
aus unterschiedlichen Professionen zu vernetzen. Dabei verfolgt das Konzept die Maxime: Geht es der Mutter und der Familie gut, geht es dem Kind gut.
Neuromuscular Parameters Predict the Performance in an Incremental Cycling Test
Authors: García-García Oscar , Cuba-Dorado Alba , Fernández-Redondo Diego , López-Chicharro José 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe aim was to determine the predictive capacity of neuromuscular parameters on physiological predictors of performance related to pedaling power. The sample comprised fifty elite cyclists. On the same day, they were given a neuromuscular evaluation with tensiomyography (TMG) and then performed an effort test on a cycle ergometer until exhaustion. The TMG recorded the maximum radial muscle belly displacement, contraction time, delay time, derivative normalized response speed, and lateral symmetry. Peak power output (Wpeak·kg−1), effort time, maximum lactate concentration, power in the first lactate threshold, and power in the second lactate threshold were recorded in the effort test. Linear regression analysis was used to determine the explanatory capacity of neuromuscular parameters on potential cycling performance indicators. A higher Wpeak·kg−1 during a maximal incremental test on the cycle ergometer can be predicted moderately (R2=0.683; R2a=0.615; R=0.826; Std. Error=0.26017; p<0.001) by a longer rectus femoris contraction time and a greater radial muscle belly displacement of the vastus lateralis and vastus medialis as well as a slower normalized response speed of the biceps femoris. In conclusion, neuromuscular parameters can partially explain performance in a specific cycling test until exhaustion.
Nykturie beim Benignen Prostatasyndrom
Authors: Oelke Matthias , Fangmeyer Bernhard , Zinke Jörg , Witt Jörn 
Published: August 2018

ZusammenfassungNykturie, definiert als Miktion von mindestens 1 Mal pro Nacht, ist eines der am häufigsten vorkommenden Symptome bei Männern mit benignem Prostatasyndrom (BPS) und oft Ursache für Arztkonsultationen. Nykturie ist für den Betroffenen nicht nur lästig, sondern auch für eine erhöhte Morbidität und Mortalität verantwortlich. Nykturie kann durch eine vermehrte Flüssigkeitsaufnahme, gesteigerte Diurese oder verminderte Blasenkapazität verursacht werden. Häufig liegen beim einzelnen Mann mehrere Ursachen vor, die nur durch systematische Abklärung detektiert und differenziert werden können. Das Blasentagebuch für drei Tage ist ein essenzieller Bestandteil bei der Abklärung der zugrundeliegenden Pathophysiologie, die Grundlage für eine rationelle Therapie der Nykturie darstellt. Behandlungsziele sind die Reduktion der Miktion auf weniger als 2 Mal pro Nacht, die Verlängerung der ersten Schlafphase auf über 4 Stunden, die durch den Schlafmangel ausgelöste verminderte Lebensqualität wieder herzustellen und die mit Nykturie assoziierte Morbidität und Mortalität zu senken. Liegt beim Patienten mit BPS eine funktionell reduzierte Blasenkapazität durch Restharnbildung vor, können α-Blocker, 5α-Reduktasehemmer, Phosphodiesterase Typ 5-Inhibitoren, Pflanzenextrakte oder Prostataoperationen (z. B. TURP) die Nykturiefrequenz signifikant senken. Liegt jedoch eine nächtliche Polyurie vor, wie bei 80 % der BPS-Patienten mit Nykturie nachgewiesen wurde, sollte das therapeutische Ziel die Verminderung des nächtlichen Urinvolumens sein. Bei Mangel des antidiuretischen Hormons (Arginin-Vasopressin) ist die Einnahme von Desmopressin vor dem Schlafengehen die erste Therapiewahl. Eine neue galenische Zubereitung von Desmopressin reduziert die Wahrscheinlichkeit der Hyponatriämie und kann daher auch bei Männern über 65 Jahre sicher eingesetzt werden. Eine Medikamentenkombination könnte bei Männern mit mehreren Ursachen für die Nykturie sinnvoll sein.
Video-Thoracoscopic Management of Postpneumonectomy Empyema
Authors: Spaggiari Lorenzo , Galetta Domenico 
Published: August 2018

Background Postpneumonectomy empyema (PPE) is a serious complication even when it is not associated with bronchopleural fistula (BPF). Besides irrigation, an aggressive treatment is usually applied for removing infected material. However, a minimally invasive approach might achieve satisfactory results in selected patients.
Methods We retrospectively identified 18 patients presenting with PPE receiving video-thoracoscopic approach. Of these 18 patients, pneumonectomy was performed for nonsmall cell lung cancer in 15 cases, for mesothelioma in 2, and for trauma in 1 case. There were 14 males and 4 females, (mean age, 62 years; range, 44–73 days). Empyema was confirmed by thoracentesis and bacteriological examination. All patients had immediate chest tube drainage and underwent thoracoscopic debridement of the empyema. Fifteen patients had no proven BPF; two had suspicious BPF, and one had a minor (<3 mm) BPF.
Results Median time from pneumonectomy to empyema diagnosis was 129 days (range, 7–6205 days). Median time from drain position to video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) procedure was 10 days (range, 2–78 days). A bacterium was isolated in 13 cases (72.2%). There was no mortality and no morbidity related to the procedure. The average duration of thoracoscopic debridement was 56 minutes (range, 40–90 minutes). Median postoperative stay was 7 days (range, 6–18 days). Only in one patient an open-window thoracostomy was performed. Median follow-up of the 18 patients receiving thoracoscopy was 41.5 months (range, 1–78 months). None had recurrent empyema. The patient with a minor BPF remained asymptomatic and is doing well at 48 months follow-up.
Conclusions Thoracoscopy might be a valid approach for patients presenting with PPE with or without minimal BPF. Video-thoracoscopic debridement of postpneumonectomy space is an efficient method to treat PPE.
A Pilot Study of Prospective Data Collection by Italian Homeopathic Doctors
Authors: Andreoli Beatrice , Zanolin Elisabetta , Bellavite Paolo 
Published: August 2018

Objective The main purpose of this article is to report the systematic data collection pertaining to the consultations of a group of qualified homeopathic physicians. Studies have been performed concerning: (1) the most frequently treated pathologies; (2) the symptoms reported by patients, with a particular focus on “fear” symptoms; and (3) the evaluation of the outcomes of the treatment, including likelihood ratio (LR) for fear symptoms of mostly prescribed remedies.
Design Prospective observational study.
Setting Individualized homeopathic treatment at private homeopathic surgeries in Italy.
Participants Adult patients asking for homeopathic therapy for a series of common ailments.
Outcome Measures Types of diseases and remedies used and clinical parameters (frequency of acute attacks, and their intensity and duration); the overall outcome of the cure was registered using the Outcome Related to Impact on Daily Living (ORIDL) scale.
Results Only 94 patients could be enrolled by eight homeopathic doctors in a 2-year period between 2015 and 2017. Ninety (72 females, 18 males) patients completed the observation period. The most represented pathologies belonged to the group “Anxiety and anxiety disorders” followed by gastrointestinal ailments. The most prescribed remedy was Phosphorus (9 cases), followed by Natrum muriaticum (4 cases) and Ignatia (4 cases). The intensity of the symptoms and the frequency of the attacks decreased during the course of the study. Most patients reported a positive outcome (ORIDL scale). In the “Phosphorus” group, LR values were calculated for fear symptoms: LR+ for fear of dark = 2.25 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.56 to 9.02), LR− for fear of crowds = 1.27 (95% CI = 1.13 to 1.42), and LR− for fear of ghosts = 1.12 (95% CI = 1.04 to 1.22).
Conclusion The recruited group was smaller than expected, but data from most participants could be collected. Positive clinical outcomes were recorded and LR of a few specific fears contributed to distinguish Phosphorus patients from the remaining population.
Reduction and Association of the Scaphoid and Lunate: A Functional and Radiographical Outcome Study
Authors: Aibinder William , Izadpanah Ali , Elhassan Bassem 
Published: August 2018

Background Management of scapholunate (SL) ligament disruption is a challenging problem. The reduction and association of the scaphoid and lunate (RASL) procedure has been described with varying results. This study assessed the outcomes of the RASL procedure.
Purpose The objective of this study was to assess the outcomes of patients undergoing the RASL procedure at our institution in regard to pain relief, range of motion, radiographic and functional outcomes, complications, and reoperations.
Materials and Methods Twelve patients with symptomatic chronic SL instability underwent the RASL procedure. The mean age was 35 years. The mean time from injury to surgery was 40 weeks. The mean follow-up was 89 months. Outcomes included visual analog score for pain, wrist range of motion, grip strength, and Mayo Wrist Scores. Preoperative and postoperative radiographs were reviewed.
Results Pain scores improved in 10 wrists. Range of motion and grip strength worsened. The average Mayo Wrist Score was 63.3. The mean SL diastasis and angle improved, but seven wrists developed progressive degenerative changes, with two requiring a salvage procedure. Symptomatic progressive screw lucency occurred in eight wrists requiring screw removal.
Conclusion The RASL procedure can improve SL widening but has a high rate of early failure and reoperation. Following reoperation, long-term follow-up demonstrates reasonable long-term durability in some cases.
Level of Evidence This is a Level IV, therapeutic case study.
Relationship between extralaryngeal endoscopic findings, proton pump inhibitor (PPI) response, and pH measures in suspected laryngopharyngeal reflux
Authors: Agrawal N , Yadlapati R , Shabeeb N , Price C PE , Lidder A , Shintani-Smith S , Bové M , Pandolfino J , Tan B 
Published: August 2018

Summary
Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is a clinical entity diagnosed by history laryngoscopic findings that has a variable response to empiric proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy. While the reflux finding score (RFS), an endoscopic scoring scheme, has been advanced as a measure of LPR, it has not been externally validated against symptom severity in practice. Extralaryngeal pharyngeal endoscopic findings may have diagnostic utility but remain underexplored. This study assesses the correlation between extralaryngeal findings and (1) 24-hour oropharyngeal pH & (2) PPI response in patients with suspected LPR. Subjects presented to a tertiary care center with laryngeal symptoms ≥1 month and reflux symptom index (RSI) ≥13. Following baseline questionnaires, laryngoscopy, and a 24-hour oropharyngeal pH probe study, subjects were prescribed 8–12 week omeprazole trials. Baseline endoscopic findings were scored in a blinded fashion using the RFS and extralaryngeal score criteria, summatively the ‘ELS.’ PPI response was defined as ≥50% improvement in RSI. Thirty-three subjects with flexible endoscopic recordings completed baseline and follow-up questionnaires. The cohort's baseline mean RSI was 23.0 ± 7.2 with a ΔRSI = 9.8 after PPI therapy. The baseline RFS score averaged 5.3 ± 2.7. 45% of our subjects was found to be PPI responsive. The Cohen's kappa for the ELS but not the RFS was significant. There were no significant differences between the RFS (P = 0.10) or ELS (P = 0.07) for PPI responders & nonresponders. Oropharyngeal pH measures did not correlate with the RFS or ELS. In conclusion, endoscopic scores of laryngeal and extralaryngeal findings did not predict PPI response or oropharyngeal acid exposure in suspected LPR.
Challenging violence against women: a Scottish critical health literacy initiative
Authors: Fage-Butler Antoinette Mary 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Violence against women constitutes a significant public health problem affecting an estimated 35% of women worldwide (WHO, 2013); the scale of the problem and its ongoing intransigence indicate the need for critical and transformative approaches that confront the cultures that support gender violence and lead to change. The present paper analyses a program run in Scottish primary schools for 10–12 year olds called RESPECT that was successful in making pupils alert to and critical of gendering norms and practices. Analysis reveals that the teaching plans and activities of RESPECT are highly consistent with a critical pedagogical approach (Freire, 2005; Matthews, 2014), and indicates the value of combining the theoretical approaches of critical pedagogy, feminism and critical health literacy in public health campaign materials aimed at challenging the cultural bases of gender violence in ways that promote health in an educational setting.
Comprehending practitioners’ assessments of community-led total sanitation
Authors: Ficek František , Novotný Josef 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Around 2.3 billion people in developing countries still lack access to improved sanitation facilities and almost one billion practice open defecation (OD). The Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) has recently become a particularly popular approach used in more than 60 countries. CLTS is a behavior-change approach that aims to ignite community action and make OD socially unacceptable without providing any external financial or material support to individual households. CLTS is sometimes perceived as a revolutionary approach that has proven to be highly cost-effective in abolishing OD. However, it has been criticized for its use of unethical practices and questioned with respect to the sustainability of its outcomes and the limited health benefits it can generate. Based on semi-structured interviews with development workers experienced in the implementation of CLTS in 14 different countries, this paper seeks to examine practical views on the issues surrounding this approach. We found that despite acknowledging some of the controversies and the possibly limited sustainability of results, CLTS is generally considered an effective and satisfactory tool for improving sanitation conditions. Practitioners first of all accentuate the normative importance of the elimination of OD attained through CLTS without weighting on (the absence of) evidence on the longer term effects or impacts on health. However, a need for various modifications of CLTS according to local social and natural environments was strongly expressed, including changes that go against the core principles of CLTS like no subsidies and no technical assistance principles.
ODE observers for DAE systems
Authors: Berger Thomas , Reis Timo 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We consider linear time-invariant differential-algebraic systems which are not necessarily regular. The following question is addressed: when does an (asymptotic) observer which is realized by an ordinary differential equation (ODE) system exist? In our main result we characterize the existence of such observers by means of a simple criterion on the system matrices. To be specific, we show that an ODE observer exists if, and only if, the completely controllable part of the system is impulse observable. Extending the observer design from earlier works we provide a procedure for the construction of (asymptotic) ODE observers.
Sovereign Bond Contracts: Flaws in the Public Data?
Authors: Kropp Andrea E , Weidemaier W Mark C , Gulati Mitu 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Commercial databases now make available to paying clients information about the legal terms in sovereign loan contracts. This information is important to academic researchers, to policy institutions such as the International Monetary Fund, and to investors and other market actors. For a random sample of 10 countries, the authors compare this data to a hand-coded sample of bond terms. They find significant error rates in the commercial databases, which vary significantly by country and by the legal term at issue. In some cases, they document error rates well over 75 per cent. They also describe important limitations in the data, especially the use of binary coding schemes that obscure important differences in the rights conferred by different sovereign loan contracts.