bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiological risk assessment in some imported tiles from China and its possible health implication for Nigerian users
Authors: Joel E.S , Maxwell O. , Adewoyin O.O. , Adagunodo T.A. , Olawole O.C , Akinyemi M.L , Arijaje T.E , Embong Z. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This investigation was carried out to ascertain the natural radionuclides contents in the tiles imported from China for Nigerian use and its radiological risk using gamma-ray spectroscopy. Hyper-Germanium detector (HPGe) was applied to 7 brand samples of tiles exported from China to Nigeria for building-related issue in order to determine the concentrations of radioactive materials such as 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K present in the imported tiles sample. The concentrations for the ceramics tiles in terms of average were observed to be 58.20 ± 0.52, 161.50 ± 9.45 and 455.70 ± 15.12 Bq/kg respectively for 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K. Radiological risk indices which include radium equivalent activity, dose rate, both hazards that occur externally and internally, Annual Effective Dose (mSv/y), Gamma (Iγ) and Alpha Radiological Index (Iα) were evaluated for the imported tiles. The mean values estimated were: 317.16 Bq/kg; 153.92 nGyh−1; 0.87; 1.08; 1.52 mSv/y; 1.15 and 0.29 respectively. The mean value of radium equivalent estimated in this study is within the range of international reference acceptance value while the absorbed dose rate is higher.
Toxicological Evaluation of Some Commercial Paints in African Catfish (ClariasGariepinus)
Authors: Doherty V F , Aneyo I A , Adeola A , Samuel O B , Usman M , Adeyemi A O 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Commercial paints sold in Nigerian markets contain Lead which is hazardous to the health of humans and the environment. These toxic heavy metal, Lead in paints eventually find their way into the aquatic environment disrupting the ecosystem and causing harm to aquatic biota. The aim of this study was to determine and assess the biological effects of two Lead contaminated paints on the African catfish (Clariasgariepinus). Acute toxicity followed by chronic toxicity was carried out to investigate the effect of the Lead contaminated paints on lipid peroxidation, Alanine Transaminase (ALT), Aspatate Transaminase (AST), Alkaline Phosphate (ALP), protein and glucose in the exposed Clariasgariepinus. Lead level was also determined in the paints and tissue of the exposed fish. Results show that the coloured paints have higher Lead content than white paints, with FC orange paint having 97.88ppm level of Lead which was the highest. Acute toxicity experiment showed that the 96 hour LC50 value was 16.16mg/l for orange and 22.28mg/l for white, both of FC paint; yellow and white color of V paint has 17.16mg/l and 29.14mg/l respectively. FC paint (Orange) was most toxic. There was significant differences in the concentrations of ALP, AST, ALT, glucose, and protein between the exposed and control fishes. There was no significant difference in the levels of lipid peroxidation observed in the exposed and control fishes. Results show varying concentrations of Lead in the gills and skin of fishesexposed to Leadwhile control fish recorded no Lead level. Measures should therefore be taken to regulate the Lead content in commercial paints locally manufactured, the Lead content in the paint released into the environment is bio-accumulated in fishes as shown in this study which has health implications when consumed by humans.
Assessment of radon concentration in groundwater within Ogbomoso, SW Nigeria
Authors: Abiodun Oni Emmanuel , Aanuoluwa Adagunodo Theophilus 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The study is aimed at investigating the level of radon and to determine the health effect connected to radon in drinking water. A total of thirty (30) water samples were randomly investigated in Ogbomoso using an active electronic device RAD 7, produced by Durridge Company USA. The radon concentrations within the study area vary from 0.60 to 2.64 Bq L−1, with the mean value of 1.86 Bq L−1. The committed annual effective doses due to ingestion vary from 6.25 × 10−3 to 1.93 × 10−2 mSv y−1, with mean values of 0.02 mSv y−1. The radon concentrations in water samples of Ogbomoso are lower than the threshold as set by both United States Environmental and Protection Agency, and European Commission of 11 and 100 Bq L−1 respectively.
Safety evaluation of Terminalia catappaLinn (Combretaceae) aqueous leaf extract: Sub-acute cardio-toxicopathological studies in albino Wistar rats
Authors: Nonso Iheagwam Franklyn , Obiageli Okeke Chiamaka , Christianah DeCampos Opeyemi , Uche Okere Daniel , Olujoke Ogunlana Olubanke , Nwodo Chinedu Shalom 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This study evaluated the safety of sub-acute administration of Terminalia catappa L. aqueous leaf extract (TCA) on cardiac biochemical parameters. Graded concentrations (200, 400 and 800 mg/kg) of TCA wereorally administered daily for 28 days. Cardiac biochemical parameters of toxicity were thereafter accessedusing standard methods forsuperoxide dismutase, peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, reduced glutathione, lipid peroxidation, protein levels, cholesterol, triglyceride, lactate dehydrogenase and creatinine kinase. TCA treatment did not alter the heart weight and cardiac biochemical parameters. Nonetheless, at 800 mg/kg, the antioxidant profile was significantly improved after TCA treatment. There was no mediated sign of treatment toxicityas well asa change in cardiac histological architecture. T. catappaaqueous leaf extract is relatively non-toxic to the heart at the experimental doses and also within the test period.
Status of trace metals in smoked Clarias gariepinus cultured in earthen pond in Lagos state, Nigeria
Authors: Akinsorotan A M , Jimoh J O , Omobepade B P , Adene I C 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Catfish consumption has risen over the last 2 decades with its popularity more pronounced in a cosmopolitan, commercial and industrial region like Lagos state. However, there is a need to measure the level of anthropogenic induced impacts on the safety level of fish production within this environment for human consumption. This research determined the level of trace metals bioaccumulation within the three senatorial districts of Lagos state. A total of nine (9) fish farms (three from each senatorial district) operating earthen ponds were randomly selected. Water samples from the farms were also collected and analyzed for heavy metals. Fish samples were smoked before analysis. The trace metals such as chromium, cobalt, iron, lead, aluminum and copper and manganese was analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The result of the trace metals were 0.07 – 0.13 mg/kg (lead), 0.01 – 0.02 mg/kg (chromium), 6.75 – 7.77 mg/kg (iron), 3.05 – 3.89 mg/kg (manganese), 0.05 – 0.07 mg/kg (copper), 0.00 – 0.01 mg/kg (cobalt) and 0.00 – 0.01 mg/kg (Aluminum). Statistically, there is no significant difference (P>0.05) among the various locations except for aluminum. The trace metal levels were below the tolerable or allowable level for fish food as recommended by Food and Agricultural Organization or World Health Organization, Median international standard, European Union, United State Environmental Protection Agency and Water Pollution Control Legislation for fish food. The detection of lead above standard in the water suggests the need for frequent monitoring of the water quality and fish food to prevent possible toxicity that could arise from the consumption of the fish food from the study area.
Analytical treatment of spin-1/2 particle subject to a combination of potentials
Authors: Onate C.A. , Obaseki O.S. , Lukman A.F. , Abolanriwa A. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
By using the fundamental principles of supersymmetric quantum mechanics methodology and parametric Nikiforov-Uvarov method respectively, we obtained both the positive and negative (spin and pseudospin symmetries) energy equations of the Dirac equation with scalar and vector potentials. The nonrelativistic limit of the spin symmetry was obtained, and this was used to calculate Fisher information for both position space and momentum space respectively. The behaviour of eigenvalue energy with both the angular frequency and equilibrium bond length respectively were studied. Five special cases of the potential under consideration were also studied. Finally, we examined the feature of Fisher information with the angular frequency which was found to obey Heisenberg uncertainty principle.
Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Ion Beam Treatment of Polyethylene
Authors: Oyewande O. E. , Olabiyi O. D. , Akinyemi M. L. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A polymer like polyethylene (PE) has attracted intense research exploits in recent years due to their inherent versatile properties like high optical clarity, mechanical properties, light weight and high packing density. PE is the simplest of all commercial polymers used for making catheters, meshes, artificial joint, drug delivery packages (biomedical applications), light emitting diode, electrical bio-sensing, solid state battery, and plastic containers. Over the years, several techniques have been employed to enhance the properties of the polymer surface which include surface etching, laser deposition, plasma deposition, ion implantation technologies and doping. However, this study is concerned with ion-beam sputtering of PE to investigate its sputtering yield dependence. Moreover, molecular dynamics simulations of a PE system were performed to deduce the thermodynamics properties of the system at relatively high temperature (700 K). The results show that the sputtering yield of PE system is dependent on the incident angles and the ion energies. Additionally, the peak of the sputtering yield was found to be around 83° incident angle. Also, the temperature of the PE system varies with the time steps imposed on it. Finally, the structural and dynamical properties of the PE show minimal fluctuations as the density of the polymer linearly increases across the duration.
Development of Tomato Septoria Leaf Spot and Tomato Mosaic Diseases Detection Device Using Raspberry Pi and Deep Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Emebo Onyeka , Fori Barka , Victor Geteloma , Zannu Temidayo 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Machine learning techniques are revolutionizing multiple industries, various researches have been put forward as regards mitigating pest and disease effect on food production. The ability to identify plant disease on time can help reduce the level of destruction caused by the diseases. This paper proposes the use of Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) as classification technique using keras and tensorflow python machine learning libraries to build a model deployed on a hand-held raspberry pi device for on-site plant disease classification. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) can automatically recognize interesting areas in images which reduces the need for image processing, training images were gotten from plantvillage.org and split into training, testing and validation sets, the training images were augmented and fed into a DCNN model for training the model was then tested on the test set to check against overfitting before finally used to detect disease on the validation set which showed very positive results. Results from this research shows that DCNN and the framework in this paper can be used to develop highly efficient plant disease detection models.
Effect of surface diffusion algorithm on nanostructure formation in a semi-empirical Monte Carlo model of sputter erosion of materials
Authors: Oyewande Oluwole E , Babalola Israel B , Usikalu Mojisola 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A semi-empirical ion sputtering model (SEISM) was extended for clearer ripple profiles on material surfaces on which atoms self-organise into rippled topography. The improvement was by way of modifying the sputter erosion algorithm with implementation of the curvature dependence of sputter yield and the avoidance of shadowing effect. And by way of modifying surface relaxation through adaptation of a surface diffusion algorithm that is popular in Monte Carlo simulations of material growth by particle deposition (growth of thin films) as a replacement for the surface reorganisation algorithm of the SEISM. Prior to these extensions, the SEISM model exhibited some characteristic properties of sputtered surfaces but gave indistinct ripples. With the extensions, the model gives a clearer indication of distinct ripple topographies. Specifically, surface stability was improved when the original surface reorganisation algorithm of the SEISM was replaced.
Physico-chemical remediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons contaminated soil
Authors: Ayeni Augustine O. , Oyekunle Daniel T. , Adegbite Oluwatosin , Alagbe Edith , Ejekwu Olayile 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This study exploited the solvent extraction and mechanical agitation techniques for the remediation of soils contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The removal of pollutants from diesel contaminated site through ethanol, hexane, and ethanol-hexane mixtures was evaluated. 50 g dried contaminated soil was placed in a Soxhlet extractor and 250 ml solvent (ethanol, or hexane, or ethanol-hexane mixture) was added with extraction occurring at different temperatures of 30, 35, 45, 50, and 60 °C for 16 h. Mechanically agitated method was carried out by weighing out an equal amount of 50 g of the contaminated soil, thoroughly washing with 250 ml of ethanol, hexane, and equal ratio of ethanol to hexane. Qualitative analysis recovered PAHs was done by Agilent series gas chromatography equipped with flame ionization detector. The chromatographic evaluations of the solvent extraction of the contaminated soil showed that more of the polluted compounds were removed when hexane was the solvent. The maximum yield of extracted diesel by the solvent hexane was 11.84% at 60 °C. Extracted diesel removal was also directly proportional to periods of extraction.
Suitability of spectrophotometric assay for determination of honey microbial inhibition
Authors: Akinduti PA , Motayo B , Idowu OM , Isibor PO , Olasehinde GI , Obafemi YD , Ugboko HU , Oyewale JO , Oluwadun A , Adeyemi GA 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCommonly used methods for determination of antibacterial potency of honey are usually the disc, agar well diffusion and dilution plate assay which had shown various demerit of inaccuracies and impreciseness. Therefore, the suitability of spectrophotometric assay for determination of honey inhibitory activity is evaluated in this study. Honeys from different sources in southwest states in Nigeria were assayed for antibacterial activity using 96-well micro-titre plate spectrophotometric methods to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against enteric bacteria strains. The honey inhibition assay of Nigerian honeys tested against enteric bacilli showed more than 90% inhibitory activity. Among all the honeys sample assayed, only two honeys reveal a very low MIC of 31.25 and 125mg/mL. The use of spectrophotometry is a precise method to determine honey inhibitory rate and it is proven to be suitable highly sensitive, reproducible, specific, reduced cost, fewer amounts of sample and reagent are required.
Closed form root of a linear Klein–Gordon equation
Authors: Edeki S. O. , Anake T. A. , Ejoh S.A. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this paper, solution of the linear version of Klein-Gordon equation is considered via the application of natural transform combined with decomposition method. Hereafter, referred to as natural decomposition method (NDM). This proposed method shows viable improvement and reliability in usage compared to the classical natural transform. Illustrative example(s) are considered, and the solution (root) is shown to follow a closed form. Therefore, the NDM is recommended for highly nonlinear differential models both in pure and applied sciences.
A digital indicator system with 7-segment display
Authors: Akanle Matthew B. , Oguntosin Victoria 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This paper presents the design and implementation of a digital system that uses a 7-segment display to indicate the number of drug tablets in a tablet-bottling assembly line. As well as display the number of tablets in a bottle (from 0 – 9), the display can also indicate the name of the vitamin tablet being assembled (Vitamin A, b, C, d, E). This work presents the digital implementation comprising the logic expression, logic circuit and VHDL code for the Vitamin type in the bottle. A digital implementation to display the number of Vitamins in the tablet bottle as well as the Vitamin type with a BBC microbit microcontroller is presented. The application of this work can be extended to give a visual indication of any industrial application that requires indication of the current production stage/phase.
Study on Application of Virtual Reality in Eye Disease Prevention
Authors: Zhang Yingfang , Sang Juehui 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Virtual reality with computer technologies as the core and in combination with related sciences can generate a digital environment highly approximate to the real environment in aspects of visual sense, auditory sense and touch sense, etc., and characterized by high immersion and interactivity. It has been widely used in the medical field, but rarely used in disease prevention, especially in science popularization and prevention of eye diseases. This paper focuses on the study on the application of VR in eye disease prevention and presents a mobile phone App. It utilizes virtual reality as the presentation form, augmented reality as the connection tool, Unity3D as the development engine, and Oculus as the device carrier for further display and experience. It uses shader to add special effects for the camera lens in its simulation of eye disease's symptoms, which allows common people to experience the world seen by the patient of eye disease through the mobile phone camera, understand their inconveniences in daily life, and thus offer them more respects through understanding. At the same time, it can allow people to know the hazards of these diseases, and pay more attention to eye health, thus reaching the result of eye disease prevention.
A Machine Vision System for Online Metal Can-End Rivet Inspection
Authors: Stivanello Maurício Edgar , Marcellino Kleber Juan 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Can end rivet fracture is considered a serious defect that may arise during the manufacturing of metal cans used in food industry. Its occurrence may result in inefficiency of the easy-opening system, leakage or contamination of the food. Thus, an inspection procedure must be performed in order to remove the defective can ends from the production line. However, the location of the rivet and the characteristics of the fracture defect make it difficult to use simple devices for online inspection of 100% of the cans. In this paper, a new method for detecting fracture defects in can end rivets based on machine vision is described. In the proposed technique the rivets are detected employing Otsu segmentation, morphological filtering and connected component analysis. The classification of each rivet as being defective or non defective is performed using a minimum distance classifier based on circularity and area features. The software and hardware architecture of a real time inspection system and the technical aspects for its integration into a production line are presented. The described system can achieve an accuracy as high as 98.13% for rivet defects detection according to experiments and tests performed in real conditions of use.
An Anthropometric Dimensions Measurement Method Using Multi-pose Human Images with Complex Background
Authors: Chen Yidong , Wang Yigang 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Automatically acquire anthropometric dimensions using two-dimensional images, providing a convenient, effective and low-cost way for measuring anthropometric parameters. In the existing methods, the background and posture of the user are highly restricted, and the anthropometric dimensions obtained by using the ellipsoid model is not accurate enough. On this observation, we propose a new method for measuring the anthropometric dimensions. This method integrates the deep learning method with the deeplabv3 and openpose frameworks, and introduces the contour matching method to get anthropometric dimensions instead of using ellipsoid model. Experiments show our method can effectively dealing with the complex background and posture problems, and improving the accuracy.
Creative Innovation of Augmented Reality for Promote Sustainable Tourism of Chiang Mai Moat
Authors: Jomsri Pijitra 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Currently, augmented reality technology has been broadly applied to serve numerous purposes. There is a potential that the application will grow even more rapidly in the future. Augmented reality technology has been raised to assist tourism industry. Thus, this research implemented augmented reality technology to advocate Chiang Mai moat areas by presenting information on nine major temples located around the city’s moat in the form of augmented reality demonstration. The assessment result of system efficiency and application satisfaction was in a very good level. Therefore, it can be concluded that the developed application is considered a technological innovation that benefited Chiang Mai moat area’s tourism. It provided information on the local tourist attractions in an easy to access augmented reality presentation which prompts more tourists by increasing informative channel that can boost tourism value.
Training with Virtual Learning Environments for Industrial Refrigeration Systems
Authors: Yanchapanta F E , Santo B S , Terán H C 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This article describes an application for the training of engineering students and industrial refrigeration plants, based on virtual learning environments. The application developed in the Unity 3D engine allows the interaction and immersion user and environment; through the modeling of a cooling system by steam compression, the inclusion of disturbances using Matlab software that allows the manipulation of dependent variables to have a more realistic background in combination with the bilateral communication TCP / IP protocol. The exchange of information in real time between the two programs is essential because feedback between user and environment is needed, the user manipulates the system while updating its parameters according to the thermodynamic variables evaluated by Matlab. The application presents three training modalities, i) Pedagogical scene: conventional refrigeration module, ii) Industrial scene: real refrigeration installation, and iii) Failure mode; in order to relate the environments and integrate the user for that improve competencies and skills through the manipulation, supervision, and operation of processes. The result of this study is a virtual application based on the characteristics of virtual learning environments. Finally, the virtual application is validated with respect to a real one, disturbances influence the performance of the system is analyzed and the interaction with the environment is tested.