bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Los Comités de Ética en Investigación y la Protección de los Sujetos que Participan en Ensayos Clínicos
Authors: Homedes Nuria , Ugalde Antonio 
Published: June 2019

Introducción. La responsabilidad por proteger a los seres humanos que participan en investigación recae sobre los Comités de Ética de Investigación. La industria y los investigadores consideran que los CEIs retrasan innecesariamente el inicio de la investigación y los bioeticistas dicen que no tienen los recursos para realizar sus funciones. El objetivo del estudio es identificar las carencias y problemas que afectan el desempeño de los CEIs que aprueban protocolos de ensayos clínicos financiados por la industria y las soluciones propuestas.

Métodos. Revisión de la literatura que describe las características de los CEIs ubicados en países de altos ingresos, y que revisan ensayos clínicos financiados por la industria, su desempeño y las sugerencias de fortalecimiento.

Resultados. Los problemas que afectan el funcionamiento de los CEIs se conocen desde finales del siglo pasado, tanto entidades reguladoras como investigadores han propuesto formas de fortalecerlos, pero solo unas pocas se han intentado y ninguna se ha institucionalizado. Llama la atención que todavía no haya estándares de formación mínima para los miembros de los CEIs, ni se les haya dotado de recursos para monitorear adecuadamente la implementación de los ensayos.

Conclusiones. La necesidad de profesionalizar los CEIs beneficia a la industria, pues al hacer el monitoreo de los ensayos clínicos y hablar con los sujetos, pueden detectar comportamientos que afectan la calidad de la información recabada y la seguridad de los voluntarios.
Problem of Maximum Matching in Non-Bipartite Graph Using Edmonds’ Cardinality Matching Algorithm and Its Applicationin the Battle of Britain Case
Authors: Abrori Muchammad , Jauhari Mohammad Imam 
Published: June 2019

Matching is a part of graph theory that discusses pair. A matching M is called to be maximum if M has the highest number of elements. A blossom which is encountered in non-bipartite graph can cause failure in process of finding the maximum matching in non-bipartite graph. One of the algorithms that can be used to find a maximum matching in non-bipartite graph is Edmonds’ Cardinality Matching Algorithm. Shrinking process is done in each blossom Bi that is encountered to become pseudovertex bi, in a way that each blossom does not interfere the process of finding a maximum matching in non-bipartite graph. In order to accelerate the finding, simple greedy method is used to perform initialization of matching and BFS algorithm is also used in constructing an alternating tree in a non-bipartite graph.The research discussed the finding of maximum matching in non-bipartite graph using Edmonds’ cardinality matching algorithm. In addition, this research gave a sample of its application in the resolution of The Battle of Britain case. The result obtained is a maximum matching in non-bipartite graph. The maximum matching obtained is a solution to the case of The Battle of Britain.
Buğday Bitkisinin Verim Parametreleri ile Bazı Toprak Özellikleri Arasındaki Pedotransfer Modellerin Uygulanabilirliği
Authors: KARS Nalan , EKBERLİ İmanverdi 
Published: June 2019

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Çarşamba Ovası’nda
yetiştirilen buğday bitkisinin verim parametreleriyle (bitki boyu, bin tane
ağırlığı ve tane verimi) toprakların bazı fiziksel ve kimyasal özellikleri
arasındaki korelasyon ilişkilerine dayanarak, bu özellikler arasında
pedotransfer modellerin oluşturulması ve elde edilen modellerin ova
topraklarında bitki veriminin tahmininde uygulanabilirliğinin ortaya
konulmasıdır. Bu amaçla, ovanın çiftçiler tarafından buğday tarımı yapılan
arazilerinden toprak ve bitki örnekleri alınmıştır. Araştırma alanındaki buğday
bitki boyu değerlerinin % 70’i 75 cm ile
90 cm, bin tane ağırlığı değerlerinin % 47.5’i 50 g ile 55 g, tane verimi
değerlerinin % 47.5’i ise 600-700 kg da-1 arasında değiştiği
saptanmıştır. Bitki boyu ile
elektrisel iletkenlik (EC), Ca+Mg, hacim ağırlığı (HA), Kil, (HA)2,
(EC)2, (Kil)2, √(Ca+Mg) parametreleri arasındaki pedotransfer modeli
istatistiksel olarak anlamlı (p= 0.035), regresyon katsayısı (R= 0.731) yüksek;
bin tane ağırlığı ile (EC)2, (OM)2, (Fe)2,
(Kil)2, (HA)2, (Kil×HA),√Kil, √HA, solma
noktası (SN) parametreleri arasındaki model istatistiksel olarak anlamlı (p= 0.013),
regresyon katsayısı (R= 0.794) yüksek; tane verimi ile EC, CaCO3, Kum,
(Kum×HA), (HA×SN), Fe, N, (HA)2, SN, (EC)2,√HA parametreleri arasındaki
modelin performansı çok yüksek (R= 0.840; p= 0.012) olarak belirlenmiştir.
Verim unsurları ile toprakların fiziksel-kimyasal özellikleri arasındaki
pedotransfer modellerin geçerliliğinin belirlenmesinde regresyon katsayısı (R),
hata kareler ortalamasının karekökü (HKOK), uygunluk indeksi (d), modelin
etkinliği (ME), mutlak hata (MH), ortalama aritmetik hata (OAH) ve maksimum
nispi hata (MNH) birlikte değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen pedotransfer modellerin, ova
topraklarında yetiştirilen buğday bitkisinin verim parametrelerinin tahmin
edilmesinde uygulanabilirliği mümkün gözükmektedir.
Development of UAV Tracking and Coordinate Detection Method Using a Dual-Axis Rotary Platform for an Anti-UAV System
Authors: Sheu Bor-Horng , Chiu Chih-Cheng , Lu Wei-Ting , Huang Chu-I , Chen Wen-Ping 
Published: June 2019

The rapid development of multicopters has led to many security problems. In order to prevent multicopters from invading restricted areas or famous buildings, an Anti-UAV Defense System (AUDS) has been developed and become a research topic of interest. Topics under research in relation to this include electromagnetic interference guns for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), high-energy laser guns, US military net warheads, and AUDSs with net guns. However, these AUDSs use either manual aiming or expensive radar to track UAVs.
This paper proposes a dual-axis rotary platform with UAV automatic tracking. The tracking platform uses visual image processing technology to track and lock the dynamic displacement of a UAV. When a target UAV is locked, the system uses a nine-axis attitude meter and laser rangefinders to measure its flight altitude and calculates its longitude and latitude coordinates through sphere coordinates to provide UAV monitoring for further defense or attack missions. Tracking tests of UAV flights in the air were carried out using a DJI MAVIC UAV at a height of 30 meters to 100 meters. It was set up for UAV image capture and visual recognition for tracking under various weather conditions by a thermal imager and a full-color camera respectively. When there was no cloud during the daytime, the images captured by the thermal imager and full-color camera provide a high-quality image recognition result. However, under dark weather, black clouds will emit radiant energy and seriously affect the capture of images by a thermal imager. When there is no cloud at night, the thermal imager performs well in UAV image capture. When the UAV is tracked and locked, the system can effectively obtain the flight altitude and longitude and latitude coordinate values.
Local dry vitrectomy combined with segmental scleral buckling for the management of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with vitreous traction
Authors: Fei Ping , Jin Haiying , Zhang Qi , Peng Jie , Li Jiakai , Lv Jiao , Tian Tian , Lu Zupeng , Zhao Peiquan 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Purpose: To demonstrate combined local dry vitrectomy and segmental scleral buckling for the treatment of partial rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) with local vitreous traction in patients at high-risk for proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR).

Methods: Seven eyes of 7 patients were retrospectively studied, including 3 retinal dialysis, 3 retinal detachment (RD) with peripheral retinal holes and 1 RD with giant tear. All patients exhibited local vitreous traction and a high risk for PVR. Dry local vitrectomy without regular infusion was performed to remove the vitreous traction. Viscoelastic fluid was injected into the vitreous cavity if needed. Segmental scleral buckling was performed accordingly. Demographic information, preoperative and postoperative complications, and outcomes were recorded.

Results: The mean age of the patients at presentation was 22.43±14.28 years old. All seven patients obtained retinal reattachment after a single surgical intervention. Postoperative visual acuity was improved in all patients. None of them developed complications, except for temporary mildly increased intraocular pressure in 2 cases.

Conclusions: Combined local dry vitrectomy and segmental scleral buckling is effective for patients of RRD with local vitreous traction. The technique avoids many complications associated with regular surgery and was minimally invasive to both the external and internal eye.
Evaluation of Dimensional Accuracy of 3D printed mandibular model using two different Additive Manufacturing Techniques based on Cone Beam Computed Tomography scan data (A Diagnostic Accuracy Study)
Authors: Mohamed Noha Hamada , Kandil Hossam , Dakhli Iman Ismail 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In dentistry, 3D printing already has diverse applicability, and holds a great deal of promise to make possible many new and exciting treatments and approaches to manufacturing dental restorations. Better availability, shorter processing time, and descending costs have resulted in the increased use of RP. Concomitantly the development of medical applications is expanding. (Zaharia et al., 2017)Many different printing technologies exist, each with their own advantages and disadvantages. Unfortunately, a common feature of the more functional and productive equipment is the high cost of the equipment, the materials, maintenance, and repair, often accompanied by a need for messy cleaning, difficult post-processing, and sometimes onerous health and safety concerns (Dawood et al., 2015)Low-cost 3D printers represent a great opportunity in the dental and medical field, as they could allow surgeons to use 3D models at a very low cost and, therefore, democratize the use of these 3D models in various indications. However, efforts should be made to establish a unified validation protocol for low-cost RP 3D printed models, including accuracy, reproducibility, and repeatability tests. Asaumi et al., suggested that dimensional changes may not affect the success of surgical applications if such changes are within a 2% variation .However, the proposed cut-off of 2% should be furthermore discussed, as the same accuracy may be not required for all types of indications. (Silva et al., 2008; Maschio et al., 2016)This aim of the present study is to evaluate the dimensional accuracy of the 3D printed mandibular models fabricated by two different additive manufacturing techniques, using highly precise one as selective laser sintering (SLS) and a low-cost one as fused filament fabrication and whether they are both comparable in terms of precision. In addition to evaluation of dimensional accuracy of linear measurements of the mandible in CBCT scans.7 mandibular models will be recruited. Radio-opaque markers of gutta-percha balls will be applied on the model to act as guide pointsTen linear measurements (5 long distances: Inter-condylar, inter-coronoidal, inter-mandibular notch, length of left ramus, length of right ramus; as well as 5 short distances: Length of the body of the mandible at midline, length of the body of the mandible in the area of last left molar, as well as that of the last right molar, the distance between the tip of right condyle to the tip of the right coronoid, as well as that of their left counterparts) will be obtained using digital calliper, to act as the reference standard later. Scanning of the model by CBCT will be next , 3D printing of the scanned image using SLS and FFF printers will be done. Recording of same linear measurment will be done on printed models. Comparison of the recorded values vs reference standard is the last step
SERMAYE PİYASASI SUÇLARINDA YAZILI BAŞVURU ŞARTI VE GÖREVLİ VE YETKİLİ MAHKEME
Authors: TOPUZ Veysel 
Published: June 2019

Sermaye piyasası alanının etkin ve caydırıcı bir hukuk sistemiyle çevrelenmesi bu alanda faaliyet gösteren yerli ve yabancı yatırımcıların korunması ve bunların sayısının artırılması bakımından önemli bir gerekliliktir. Bundan dolayı bu alanda işlenen suçlar bakımından özel bir muhakeme usulü öngörülmesi ve yargılamaların ihtisaslaşmış yargı mercilerince yapılması oldukça önemlidir. 6362 sayılı Sermaye Piyasası Kanunu da bu anlayış üzerine bina edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Cumhuriyet savcısının yürütülen soruşturma sırasında Kurul meslek personelinden yararlanabilmesi ve yargılamaların Hâkimler ve Savcılar Kurulu’nca belirlenecek ihtisas mahkemelerince yapılması da bunun göstergeleridir. Ayrıca şirket yetkililerinin haksız yere soruşturma ve kovuşturmaya maruz kalmalarını önlemek adına, kanun koyucu bu alanda işlenen suçların soruşturulmasını Kurul tarafından Cumhuriyet Başsavcılığına yazılı başvuruda bulunulması şartına bağlamış ve böylece Kurul’a adeta filtre görevi yüklemiştir. Çalışmamızda öncelikle sermaye piyasası hakkında genel açıklamalar, bu alana özgü suçlara olan gereksinim ve Kanunda muhakeme şartı olarak düzenlenen “yazılı başvuru” şartına ilişkin doktrindeki tartışmalara değinilmiş olup; ardından Sermaye Piyasası Kanunu’nda düzenlenen suçlarda görevli ve yetkili mahkemenin nasıl belirleneceği incelenmiştir.
4857 SAYILI İŞ KANUNU ÇERÇEVESİNDE DOĞUM VE EVLAT EDİNMEYE BAĞLI YARIM ÇALIŞMA İZNİ
Authors: DUMAN Barış 
Published: June 2019

İş hukukuna dair mevzuatımızda son yıllarda yapılan değişikliklerle, çalışan annelere yönelik bir takım düzenlemeler, çalışma hayatına kazandırılmıştır. Bu yeni düzenlemelerden birisi de, 6663 sayılı Kanunla, 4857 sayılı İş Kanununun 74. Maddesine eklenen ikinci fıkra hükmüdür. Yapılan düzenlemeyle doğum yapan kadın işçilere talebi halinde haftalık çalışma süresinin yarısı kadarlık ücretsiz izin hakkı getirilmiştir. Bu hak ayrıca, üç yaşını henüz doldurmamış bir çocuğu evlat edinen erkek veya kadın işçilere de yasal olarak tanınmıştır. Doğum yapan ve ya evlat edinen işçinin çalışma hayatından tamamen kopmadan küçük çocuğuyla ilgilenmesi amacıyla getirilmiş olan izin hakkı; uygulamada, yarım çalışma izni olarak ifade edilmektedir. Yasal koşulların oluşması durumunda, işverenin kabulüne bağlı olmaksızın yarım çalışma iznini kullanan çalışan, belirli süreli de olsa istihdam dışında kalarak, işverenin işyerindeki çalışma düzenini de etkileyecektir. Mevzuattaki bu düzenleme, izin hakkına dair uygulamada yaşanabilecek tereddütleri gidermeye yeterli değildir. Bu nedenle yarım çalışma iznine ilişkin hükümlerin esas itibariyle açık bir şekilde yeniden düzenlenmesi gerekir.
Evaluation of produced water quality by using water quality indices in Heglig area, Sudan
Authors: Zooalnoon Mohamed Osman , Musa Adam 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The rate of produced water production of oilfields increases as oilfields age. This study aims to evaluate water quality of produced water from oilfields in the Heglig area using various water quality evaluation indices and study the significance of evaporation for cumulative pollutants after bioremediation in Heglig oilfield. Produced water samples were collected and analyzed for three locations in Heglig and Neem oilfields in order to determine the physicochemical, radioactivity, and heavy metal variables. The data obtained were used to determine the heavy metal pollution index, heavy metal evaluation index, weighted arithmetic water quality index, and Canadian water quality index (CCME WQI). The study revealed very poor water quality and high heavy metals at Neem oilfield. In addition, produced water quality at Heglig oilfield before the bioremediation was very poor and after the bioremediation was found to be poor, also the heavy metals were low before the bioremediation and medium after the bioremediation. Low levels of chemical oxygen demand (COD) oil in water, and total suspended solids (TSS) are mainly responsible for improvement of water quality after the bioremediation. Variation in the heavy metals before and after the bioremediation was a result of cumulative effect in the evaporation ponds.
A Level Playing Field for Comparing Air and Rail Travel Times
Authors: Sauter-Servaes Thomas , Krautscheid Thomas , Schober Alexander 
Published: June 2019

Background:
Shifting travellers from air to rail can reduce environmental impacts and is an important European Union goal. Online travel planning applications allow travellers to easily compare air and rail transport choices, however, they may not accurately consider time travellers spend at the airport or railway station since these depend on buffer times travellers use to protect against delays.

Methods:
This research investigated the actual time spent at airports and railway stations to analyse the accuracy of travel planning applications and help improve the quality of travel time estimates.The research used a travel time recording application to determine the time spent by passengers at airports and railway stations. Data was collected for 312 trips. The research was supplemented by an extensive literature review of dwell times and multimodal travel planning applications.

Results:
The research found that travellers spent an average of 157 minutes at airports and 32 minutes at railway stations. Comparing these results to travel planning application, the information shows that the applications significantly underestimate time spent at airports and slightly underestimate time spent at railway stations.The use of unrealistic airport waiting times in travel planning applications distorts traveller perception in favour of air travel.

Conclusion:
Therefore, railway operators should support the development of improved travel planning applications that better consider waiting times. Improving these applications would be much more cost effective than infrastructure improvements designed to save a few minutes of travel time.
Dorsal White Matter Integrity and Name Retrieval in Midlife
Authors: Kljajevic Vanja , Erramuzpe Asier 
Published: June 2019

Background:
Recent findings on retrieval of proper names in cognitively healthy middle-
aged persons indicate that Tip-Of-The-Tongue (TOT) states occurring during proper name retrieval
implicate inferior frontal (BA 44) and parietal (BA 40) cortical areas. Such findings give rise
to the possibility that anatomical connectivity via dorsal white matter may be associated with difficulties
in name retrieval in midlife.

Objectives & Method:
Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging, we examined in vivo microstructural properties
of white matter in 72 cognitively healthy Middle-Aged (MA) and 59 Young Adults (YA),
comparing their naming abilities as well as testing, for possible associations between dorsal white
matter integrity and naming abilities in the MA group.

Results:
The MA group was better in retrieving correct names (U = 1525.5, p = .006), but they also
retrieved more incorrect names than YA believing they had retrieved the correct ones (U = 1265.5,
p < .001). Furthermore, despite being more familiar with the tested names than YA (U = 930, p <
.001), MA experienced significantly more TOTs relative to YA (U = 1498.5, p = .004). Tract-based
spatial statistics showed significant group differences in values of fractional anisotropy (FA), mean
diffusivity, axial diffusivity, radial diffusivity, and mode of anisotropy in a range of white matter
tracts. In the MA group, FA values in the right Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus (SLF) were positively
correlated with “don’t know” scores (rs = .287, p = .014).

Conclusion:
The association of SLF integrity and name retrieval ability in midlife indicates a need
to revisit the models of name retrieval that posit no role for dorsal white matter in proper name retrieval.
Synthesis and Spectral Characterizations of Nano-Sized Lithium Niobate (LiNbO3) Ceramic
Authors: Barik Rajanigandha , Satpathy Santosh K. , Behera Banarji , Biswal Susanta K. , Mohapatra Ranjan K. 
Published: June 2019

Background:
Lithium Niobate (LiNbO3) is a ferroelectric material suitable for a variety of
applications. Its versatilityis made possible by the excellent electro-optic, nonlinear, and piezoelectric
properties of the intrinsic material.

Objective:
Study of structural, microstructural and electrical propertiesare to understand the structure
and topography of the composites.

Methods:
The sample of LiNbO3 was prepared by solid state reaction method at high temperature using
high purity ingredients.

Results:
The analysis of the X-ray diffraction at room temperature confirmed the trigonal structure.
The grains are more or less homogeneously distributed throughout the surface. The dielectric constant
and dielectric loss are decreases with increase in frequency. The material has high dielectric constant
and low dielectric loss at room temperature. The magnitude of real impedance decreases with rise in
temperature which shows negative temperature coefficient of resistance behavior.The nature of the
conductivity in solids is analyzed which obeyed Jonscher’s power law. The temperature-dependence
of dc conductivity indicates that the electrical conduction in the material is a thermally activated process.

Conclusion:
The compound exhibits a dielectric anomaly at high temperature suggesting
ferroelectric–paraelectric phase transition. The activation energy of the material is found to be 0.00184
eV in the high temperature region of Arrhenius plot for electrical conductivity. The nature of
temperature dependence of the dc conductivity exhibited the NTCR behaviour of the material.