bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Employees’ agency in the formalisation of knowledge-intensive business service processes
Authors: Tuominen Tiina , Martinsuo Miia 
Published: December 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify and explain how different kinds of knowledge-intensive business service processes (KIBS processes) can be formalised without excessively limiting employees’ agency, and thus flexibility in value creation. Previous research acknowledges the need to balance flexibility and formalisation but does not investigate how employees achieve this balance in various types of KIBS processes.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper employs a qualitative multiple-case study approach to compare employees’ agency in six successful formalisation projects targeting different types of KIBS processes in three firms. Through a systematic mapping of employees’ agency across the cases, this study reveals alternative patterns of formalisation that enable agency.

Findings
The findings reveal notable differences in employees’ agency in the studied cases. When KIBS processes were scale intensive and/or the culture-favoured conformity, formalisation projects were centrally organised, and employees obeyed codified process templates, even though some agency remained. When KIBS processes were smaller scale and/or the culture-favoured freedom, employees conducted formalisation projects autonomously and retained higher levels of agency in formalised KIBS processes.

Practical implications
Firms and business units providing KIBS should choose their formalisation approaches locally based on the scalability of the KIBS process, their employees’ skill levels, knowledge bases and culture. Choosing the right approach enables flexibility while striving for efficient processes.

Originality/value
Previous studies suggest that formalisation benefits only some KIBS, but this comparative approach shows that a variety of KIBS processes benefit from formalisation if the formalisation approach is tailored to the context. Alternative patterns of formalisation are revealed to guide further empirical research on the topic.
How personality type and languages of appreciation interrelate
Authors: White Paul , Hamrick Natalie , Hepner Tim , Toomey Rob 
Published: December 2018

Purpose
Given that assessment tools based upon the Jung/Myers personality framework and the Motivating By Appreciation Inventory are used by tens of thousands of workplaces, questions have arisen regarding their interrelatedness. The purpose of the current study is to assess the relationship between TypeCoach personality type and Language of Appreciation.

Design/methodology/approach
In total, 300 participants took both the MBA Inventory and TypeCoach Verifier. Each person’s primary Language of Appreciation and the summary scores for each of the four languages (Words of Affirmation, Acts of Service, Quality Time and Tangible Gifts) were calculated. Each participant’s TypeCoach data were scored as 1 of 16 traditional four-letter types (i.e. INTJ, ENFP), as well as dichotomously coded as extraversion (vs not), sensing (vs not), thinking (vs not) and judging (vs not). Logistic regression and chi-square tests were conducted to assess the relationships between primary Language of Appreciation and TypeCoach Verifier.

Findings
None of the analyses yielded a statistically significant relationship between Language of Appreciation and TypeCoach scores (all ps > 0.05).

Originality/value
This study is the first to assess the relationship between Jung/Myers personality types and languages of appreciation. It appears that personality type and preferred ways of receiving appreciation are independent, but potentially complimentary constructs. This study provides suggestions on how to best combine the tools to create an engaging work environment.
Employer organisations transformed
Authors: Demougin Philippe , Gooberman Leon , Hauptmeier Marco , Heery Edmund 
Published: December 2018

AbstractEmployer organisations and the literature examining them have transformed since their inception in the 19th century. We systematically review this literature and the evolving role of employer organisations by focusing on the most cited publications of this body of academic work. This article provides a synopsis of our current understanding of employer organisations, identifies gaps in our knowledge, and develops the following argument. Employer organisations adapted to changing socio‐economic contexts by evolving within and across three roles—as industrial relations actor, political actor, and service provider. Historically, employer organisations were predominantly understood as an industrial relations actor with collective bargaining as their defining activity. However, employer organisations also influenced the political process through lobbying and participating in corporatist arrangements, although more recently their provision of member services has grown in scope and importance.
Intraspecific DNA contamination distorts subtle population structure in a marine fish: Decontamination of herring samples before restriction‐site associated sequencing and its effects on population genetic statistics
Authors: Petrou Eleni L. , Drinan Daniel P. , Kopperl Robert , Lepofsky Dana , Yang Dongya , Moss Madonna L. , Hauser Lorenz 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWild specimens are often collected in challenging field conditions, where samples may be contaminated with the DNA of conspecific individuals. This contamination can result in false genotype calls, which are difficult to detect, but may also cause inaccurate estimates of heterozygosity, allele frequencies and genetic differentiation. Marine broadcast spawners are especially problematic, because population genetic differentiation is low and samples are often collected in bulk and sometimes from active spawning aggregations. Here, we used contaminated and clean Pacific herring (Clupea pallasi) samples to test (a) the efficacy of bleach decontamination, (b) the effect of decontamination on RAD genotypes and (c) the consequences of contaminated samples on population genetic analyses. We collected fin tissue samples from actively spawning (and thus contaminated) wild herring and nonspawning (uncontaminated) herring. Samples were soaked for 10 min in bleach or left untreated, and extracted DNA was used to prepare DNA libraries using a restriction site‐associated DNA (RAD) approach. Our results demonstrate that intraspecific DNA contamination affects patterns of individual and population variability, causes an excess of heterozygotes and biases estimates of population structure. Bleach decontamination was effective at removing intraspecific DNA contamination and compatible with RAD sequencing, producing high‐quality sequences, reproducible genotypes and low levels of missing data. Although sperm contamination may be specific to broadcast spawners, intraspecific contamination of samples may be common and difficult to detect from high‐throughput sequencing data and can impact downstream analyses.
Depression precedes, but does not follow, gestational diabetes
Authors: Clark Claire E. , Rasgon Natalie L. , Reed David E. , Robakis Thalia K. 
Published: December 2018

ObjectivesTo determine whether past history of depression is associated with increased rates of gestational diabetes, and whether history of gestational diabetes is associated with increased rates of postpartum depression.Research designData for this case–control study consisted of de‐identified chart records for 1439 women who received pregnancy care at a large university hospital between 1998 and 2017.ResultsA history of depression prior to pregnancy was associated with gestational diabetes requiring insulin, although not with subtler degrees of gestational hyperglycemia. Diabetes in pregnancy was not associated with an increased risk of postpartum depression. Trauma history was associated with both impaired glucose tolerance in pregnancy and postpartum depression.ConclusionsPast episodes of depression increase risk for the most severe form of gestational diabetes; however, gestational diabetes does not contribute significantly to risk for postpartum depression. This suggests a unidirectional association, unlike the bidirectional association of diabetes with depression among the general population. History of trauma increases risk for both gestational hyperglycemia and postpartum depression, suggesting important health effects of trauma that may differ measurably from those associated with depression.
Neighborhood density of alcohol outlets moderates genetic and environmental influences on alcohol problems
Authors: Slutske Wendy S. , Deutsch Arielle R. , Piasecki Thomas M. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackground and AimsGeographic differences in rates of alcohol use disorder suggest that environmental factors and gene–environment interactions are likely to play an important role in its genesis. We aimed to examine whether living in a community with more alcohol outlets would facilitate the expression of the genetic propensity to develop alcohol problems.DesignCross‐sectional twin/sibling study.SettingUnited States.ParticipantsThe participants were 18–26‐year‐old twin, full‐ and half‐sibling pairs from Wave III of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health.MeasurementsParticipants completed in‐home interviews in which past year alcohol problems were assessed. Alcohol outlet densities were extracted from state‐level liquor license databases aggregated at the census tract level.FindingsThere was evidence that estimates of genetic and environmental influences on alcohol problems varied as a function of the density of alcohol outlets in the community. The heritability of alcohol problems for those residing in a neighborhood with more than 10 on‐premises outlets was 78% (95% confidence limits = 52–100%), compared with 11% (95% confidence limits = 0–29%) for those in a neighborhood with no on‐premises outlets. This moderating effect of alcohol outlet density was not explained by state of residence, population density or neighborhood socio‐demographic characteristics.ConclusionsIndividuals who are genetically predisposed to develop alcohol problems may be especially sensitive to the influence of many alcohol outlets in their community.
Prediction of pathological stage at radical prostatectomy: do commonly used prostate cancer nomograms apply to men from Far North Queensland?
Authors: Nesbitt Alexander L. , Kapoor Jada , Piesse Charlotte , Evans Garrath , Antoniou Stefan , Smith Philip , Pridgeon Simon W. 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundClinical nomograms are routinely used by urologists to predict pathological and clinical outcomes. Commonly used prostate cancer nomograms include Partin's tables and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Centre (MSKCC) nomograms which were developed in high‐volume centres in the United States. We aimed to assess whether these tools are valid for prostate cancer patients in Far North Queensland.MethodsAll patients undergoing radical prostatectomy in Cairns between August 2014 and September 2017 were identified. Preoperative data were entered into the online nomogram tools. The predicted probability of organ‐confined (OC) disease, extra‐prostatic extension (EPE) and seminal vesical invasion was compared to the observed outcomes.ResultsPreoperative clinical information was available for 290 patients. Partin's tables accurately estimated OC disease, EPE and seminal vesical invasion with the observed outcome plot overlying the ideal correlation curve. More patients in our cohort had OC disease than was predicted by the MSKCC nomogram; fewer patients had EPE that was predicted by the MSKCC nomogram. On logistic regression modelling, the area under the curve for MSKCC and Partin's were 0.751 and 0.706, respectively, suggesting both tests have good performance in predicting final pathological outcome for our population of patients with no statistical difference between the two nomograms (P = 0.29).ConclusionThe MSKCC preoperative nomogram and Partin's tables were both able to accurately predict pathological outcomes from preoperative clinical information in men from Far North Queensland, despite likely differences in population genetics and environmental exposures.
Effectiveness of pharmaceutical interventions for meibomian gland dysfunction: An evidence‐based review of clinical trials
Authors: Khoo Pauline , Ooi Kenneth G.‐J. , Watson Stephanie 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMeibomian gland dysfunction is one of the most common ocular disorders encountered by ophthalmologists and is the leading cause of evaporative dry eye. The disease causes significant morbidity in the population such that patients seek treatment. Multiple clinical studies on pharmacological and mechanical interventions for the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction have been evaluated. However, there is limited comparative clinical evidence for the effectiveness of these interventions. This review paper aims to report the clinical evidence for pharmaceutical interventions for meibomian gland dysfunction in order to guide clinicians in the management of the disease.
Protocol for psychosocial screening of adolescents and young adults with chronic illness
Authors: d'Emden Helen , McDermott Brett , Poulson Kellee , McGahan Greg 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundOne in five adolescents and young adults (AYA) has a chronic health condition necessitating on‐going engagement with healthcare systems. Despite increasing prevalence there remains limited understanding of the burden of illness they experience. Living with a chronic illness can challenge healthy adolescent development, with the unique health and developmental issues affecting AYA requiring different responses from the healthcare system.AimsTo examine and compare the burden of illness in this group across a large range of chronic health conditions.MethodsIn a dedicated health service for AYA aged 15–25 years with chronic health conditions, (13–25 years for those with substance use issues) we detail a protocol where demographics, general health, disease‐specific indicators and comprehensive psychosocial variables will be collected. The health conditions include chronic gastrointestinal disease, cystic fibrosis, chronic rheumatic disease, phenylketonuria, craniomaxillofacial deformities, renal transplant patients and problematic substance use. Results will be compared to AYA without chronic illness and AYA with diabetes.ResultsThis protocol outlines a comprehensive screening study for AYA with a large range of chronic health conditions, inclusive of medical, mental health, impairment and quality of life variables. It will inform service planning and provide a foundation upon which allied health service requirements (e.g. psychology) can be based. Whilst currently cross‐sectional we anticipate further utility in broadening outcomes to include non‐physical illness‐related constructs.ConclusionsThe commonalities and differences between conditions will be examined to facilitate efficiencies of scale for systems and supports. Further iterations including quantifying access to allied health services will facilitate studying the impact of such interventions on treatment adherence and improving psychosocial functioning, quality of life and disease outcomes.
Effects of Cu–Zn phases on electronic properties in ZnO:Cu films
Authors: Gao Yang , Li Guojian , Liu Shiying , Chang Ling , Wang Zhao , Wang Qiang 
Published: December 2018

AbstractTheory predicts Cu‐doped ZnO (ZnO:Cu) has p‐conductivity; however, this has only been demonstrated in a small number of experimental and mechanistic studies. In this paper, ZnO:Cu films were grown in situ with varying Cu content, prepared using radiofrequency atomic source–assisted molecular‐beam vapor deposition. The results indicate that ZnO:Cu films with dopant of Cu2+ only had n‐type behavior. As the Cu content increased, Cu+ was the major dopant and the ZnO:Cu films had p‐type behavior. However, excess Cu dopant resulted in the formation of second phases of Cu2O and Cu–Zn. The formation of a Cu–Zn phase increased the content of Zn vacancy, thus increasing hole concentration. Stronger alloy scattering decreased carrier mobility. Therefore, Cu+ dopant and Zn vacancy give ZnO:Cu films p‐conductivity properties.
Cord blood transplantation is associated with good outcomes in secondary Acute Myeloid Leukaemia in first remission
Authors: Baron F. , Labopin M. , Ruggeri A. , Volt F. , Mohty M. , Blaise D. , Chevallier P. , Sanz J. , Fegueux N. , Cornelissen J. J. , Rambaldi A. , Savani B. N. , Gluckman E. , Nagler A. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundWe conducted a retrospective survey within the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) registry to assess the outcomes of cord blood transplantation (CBT) in secondary acute myeloid leukaemia (sAML).MethodsInclusion criteria consisted of ≥18 years of age, sAML, first CBT between 2002 and 2016, and either first complete remission (CR) or active disease at CBT.ResultsOne hundred forty‐six patients met the study inclusion criteria. Status at transplantation was first CR (n = 97), primary refractory sAML (n = 30) or relapsed (n = 19) sAML. Neutrophil engraftment was achieved in 118 patients while the remaining 25 patients (17%) failed to engraft. This includes 13% of patients transplanted in first CR versus 30% of those transplanted with active disease (P = 0.008). Two‐year incidences of relapse were 25% in first CR patients versus 36% in those with advanced disease (P = 0.06) while 2‐year incidences of nonrelapse mortality were 35% and 49% (P = 0.03), respectively. At 2‐year overall survival, leukaemia‐free survival and graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD)‐free relapse‐free survival were 42% vs. 19% (P < 0.001), 40% vs. 16% (P < 0.001), and 26% vs. 12% (P = 0.002) in first CR patients versus those with advanced disease, respectively.ConclusionsWe report here the first study of CBT in a large cohort of sAML patients. Main observation was that CBT rescued approximately 40% of patients with sAML in first CR.
Nutrient Stress–Dysregulated Antisense lncRNA GLS-AS Impairs GLS-Mediated Metabolism and Represses Pancreatic Cancer Progression
Authors: Deng Shi-Jiang , Chen Heng-Yu , Zeng Zhu , Deng Shichang , Zhu Shuai , Ye Zeng , He Chi , Liu Ming-Liang , Huang Kang , Zhong Jian-Xin , Xu Feng-Yu , Li Qiang , Liu Yang , Wang Chunyou , Zhao Gang 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Cancer cells are known to undergo metabolic reprogramming, such as glycolysis and glutamine addiction, to sustain rapid proliferation and metastasis. It remains undefined whether long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) coordinate the metabolic switch in pancreatic cancer. Here we identify a nuclear-enriched antisense lncRNA of glutaminase (GLS-AS) as a critical regulator involved in pancreatic cancer metabolism. GLS-AS was downregulated in pancreatic cancer tissues compared with noncancerous peritumor tissues. Depletion of GLS-AS promoted proliferation and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells both in vitro and in xenograft tumors of nude mice. GLS-AS inhibited GLS expression at the posttranscriptional level via formation of double stranded RNA with GLS pre-mRNA through ADAR/Dicer-dependent RNA interference. GLS-AS expression was transcriptionally downregulated by nutrient stress–induced Myc. Conversely, GLS-AS decreased Myc expression by impairing the GLS-mediated stability of Myc protein. These results imply a reciprocal feedback loop wherein Myc and GLS-AS regulate GLS overexpression during nutrient stress. Ectopic overexpression of GLS-AS inhibited proliferation and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells by repressing the Myc/GLS pathway. Moreover, expression of GLS-AS and GLS was inversely correlated in clinical samples of pancreatic cancer, while low expression of GLS-AS was associated with poor clinical outcomes. Collectively, our study implicates a novel lncRNA-mediated Myc/GLS pathway, which may serve as a metabolic target for pancreatic cancer therapy, and advances our understanding of the coupling role of lncRNA in nutrition stress and tumorigenesis.
Significance: These findings show that lncRNA GLS-AS mediates a feedback loop of Myc and GLS, providing a potential therapeutic target for metabolic reprogramming in pancreatic cancer.
See related commentary by Mafra and Dias, p. 1302
Smoking and Urinary Cotinine Levels Are Predictors of Increased Risk for Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia
Authors: Kim Kyungeun , Chang Yoosoo , Ahn Jiin , Yang Hyo-Joon , Jung Ju Young , Kim Seokkyun , Sohn Chong Il , Ryu Seungho 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Studies on a longitudinal relationship between smoking status and intestinal metaplasia (IM), a premalignant lesion of stomach cancer, are limited. Here we examined the association of smoking status and urinary cotinine levels, an objective measure of smoking, with the development of endoscopic IM. This cohort study included 199,235 Korean adults free of endoscopic IM who underwent upper endoscopy at baseline and subsequent visits and who were followed for up to 6.8 years (median, 3.7 years). Former and current smoking status and pack-years based on self-reports were associated with an increased risk of new-onset IM in men but not in women. However, urinary cotinine levels were positively associated with incident IM in a dose–response manner in both men and women. For men, the multivariable-adjusted HR [95% confidence interval (CI)] for incident IM comparing the urinary cotinine levels of 50 to 99 ng/mL, 100 to 499 ng/mL, and ≥500 ng/mL with &lt;50 ng/mL were 1.20 (0.94–1.55), 1.26 (1.14–1.40), and 1.54 (1.44–1.64), respectively, whereas for women, corresponding HR (95% CI) were 0.75 (0.19–2.99), 1.86 (1.20–2.88), and 1.57 (1.07–2.30), respectively. These associations were observed when changes in smoking status and other confounders were updated during follow-up as time-varying covariates. In this large cohort of young and middle-aged men and women, urinary cotinine levels were independently associated with an increased incidence of endoscopic IM in a dose–response manner. Collectively, these data confirm smoking as an independent risk factor for the development of gastric IM, a precursor lesion of stomach cancer.

Significance:
A large-scale cohort study of nearly 200,000 adults associates smoking with increased risk for gastric intestinal metaplasia, a precursor lesion of stomach cancer.