bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RANCANG BANGUN DAN UJI PERFORMANSI TURBIN AIR JENIS KAPLAN SEKALA MIKROHIDRO
Authors: Kusnadi Kusnadi , Mulyono Agus , Pakki Gunawan , Gunarko Gunarko 
Published: December 2018

Air merupakan salah satu sumber energi terbarukan yang dapat dijadikan sebagai sumber energi bagi Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikrohidro (PLTMH). Kota Batu, memiliki sumber energi air yang dapat dijadikan sebagai sumber energi bagi perancangan turbin air untuk prototipe PLTMH. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya daya yang dapat dibangkitkan oleh turbin. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode perencanaan, metode perancangan, metode pengujian dan metode analisa hasil. Perancangan Turbin Kaplan mengacu pada hasil observasi awal yang menunjukkan bahwa tinggi jatuhnya air (head) 1,6 meter dan kapasitas aliran air (debit) 0,0512 m³/s. Daya air yang tersedia di kolam sebesar 805, 047 watt. Hasil perancangan Turbin Kaplan menghasilkan putaran spesifik turbin sebesar 249,372 rpm dengan diameter luar roda turbin (runner blades) 10,70 cm dan diameter dalam roda turbin (boss) 3,56 cm serta tinggi sudu pengarah turbin (guide vanes) 3 cm. Daya indikasi yang dihasilkan turbin air (Water Horse Power) sebesar 351,590 watt dengan momen puntir sebesar 6,711 Nm dan daya efektif turbin air (Brake Horse Power) sebesar 280,964 watt serta efisiensi turbin sebesar 79 %. Kata kunci : Tinggi jatuh air (Head), debit air (Q) dan dimensi Turbin Kaplan.
PENGARUH PREHEAT DAN VARIASI ARUS PENGELASAN MENGGUNAKANELEKTRODA LB52 TERHADAP KOMPOSISI KIMIA SIFAT MEKANIK DAN STRUKTUR MIKRO PADA PENGELASAN BAJA MANGAN AUSTENITIK
Authors: Nugroho Eko , Dharma Untung Surya , Thalabi Yasir 
Published: December 2018

Sambungan las merupakan sambungan permanen yang bila akan di lepas harus merusak sambungan las itu sendiri. Faktor pengelasan seperti welding oprator sangat mempengaruhi hasil pengelasan maka perlu juga diketahui bahwa elektroda yang digunakan adalah jenis mild steel A5.1 E7016, baja yang akan dilas yaitu baja mngan austenitic dengan 0,925% kadar carbon dan 10% kadar mangan, arus yang digunakan DC dengan fariasi amper 100A, 110A, 120A. Dengan penambahan panas 1000°c, menggunakan kampu V dengan sudut 80°. Dalam pengujian struktur mikro terlihat pada pengelasan 100A,110A,120A non preheat, tidak didapatkan fasa baru atau pencampuran elektroda dan base metal tidak sempurna. Sedangkan las preheat terlihat pada 120A terdapat fasa baru dekat daerah HAZ(Head Affected Zone). Dan nilai kekerasan pada daerah HAZ (Head Affected Zone) preheat yaitu 10,5 HRC pada las 100A , 10 HRC pada las 110A,dan 9 HRC pada las 120A. Sedangkan pada daerah lasan 37,6 HRC pada las 100A, 51 HRC pada las 110A, 40 HRC pada las 120A.
Form, Symmetry and Asymmetry of the Dental Arch: Orthogonal Analysis Revisited
Authors: Hughes Toby , Richards Lindsay , Townsend Grant 
Published: December 2018

There have been numerous attempts to quantify the shape of the dental arch mathematically, with orthogonal polynomial curves providing a robust and versatile method for quantifying variation in both shape and asymmetry. Lu (1966) first presented the theoretical basis for fitting orthogonal polynomials to arch shape data. Whilst theoretically sound, Lu’s original paper contained several arithmetic errors and a number of incorrect assumptions. In this paper we present corrections for these errors and extrapolate the theory to unequally-spaced arch shape data using a simple recursive procedure first developed by Robson (1959).
Dentitions, Distance, and Difficulty: A Comparison of Two Statistical Techniques for Dental Morphological Data
Authors: Edgar Heather Joy Hecht 
Published: December 2018

One of the main uses of dental morphological data is to study patterns of affinities among populations. Many different approaches to this purpose are available, each one having its own strengths and weaknesses. For this study, observations were made of the morphology of 614 African American and 327 European American dentitions (n = 941). Each of these samples was divided into three groups based on the time in which they lived. Affinities among the resulting six groups were estimated based on the frequencies of dental morphological characteristics, by the use of both the Mean Measure of Divergence and a Pseudo-Mahalanobis’ D2. The results of these analyses are compared using a Procrustes transformation that rotates and scales coordinates derived from distances until achieving the best fit. The two statistics produce similar, although not identical results. The appropriate use and relative value of each approach is discussed.
Brief Communication: Premolar Enamel Formation: Completion of Figures for Aging LEH Defects in Permanent Dentition
Authors: Holt Sarah A. , Reid Donald J. , Guatelli-Steinberg Debbie 
Published: December 2018

Variation in enamel formation has become increasingly important in comparative studies of dental development. Previously published work on the development of human enamel in groups from southern Africa and northern Europe has allowed for more accurate estimation of formation timing of linear enamel hypoplasias. Currently, although data for all tooth types has been published, charts of enamel growth by decile useful in this type of estimation have been limited to molars and anterior teeth. This paper completes this series with a table and figure of mean formation times of human premolars for each decile of crown development using previously published histological data of daily enamel growth.
Hypotrophic Roots of the Upper Central Incisors – a Proposed New Discrete Dental Trait
Authors: Cunha Claudia , Silva Ana Maria , Irish Joel , Scott G. Richard , Tomé Tiago , Marquez José 
Published: December 2018

This paper describes a newly defined nonmetric trait in the human dentition, i.e., Hypotrophic Roots of the Upper Central Incisors (HRUCI). Teeth presenting HRUCI are characterized by abnormally short roots whose crowns exhibit no apparent morphological alterations. The trait was observed in six samples from collective funerary sites in the Iberian Peninsula dated from the Late Neolithic to the Chalcolithic period.
Brief communication: maxillary lateral incisor morphology and uncommon trait expression: a case study from prehistoric Paa-ko, New Mexico
Authors: Blankenship-Sefczek Erin C. 
Published: December 2018

Prehistoric American Southwest exhibits a high frequency of dental morphological variability. This high variability may be the result of gene flow and subsequent genetic drift occurring in early periods (pre CE 900), though few studies report on dental variability in later periods. Morphological traits of the maxillary lateral incisors were analyzed from the Pueblo IV site of Paa-ko, New Mexico (CE 1300-1425) yielding high frequencies of four traits (shovel, double shovel, tuberculum dentale, interruption groove) and uncommon variants (barrel-shovel, triform, peg-shaped). Lateral incisor morphology is underrepresented in the literature but could be useful in determining population migration and affinity.
Secular change in dental development in New Mexican females
Authors: Rautman Anna L. M. , Edgar Heather J. H. 
Published: December 2018

Recent research has indicated a dramatic acceleration of dental development in 20th century European Americans in Tennessee and Arizona, resulting in developmental stages being reached at earlier calendar ages. In order to determine whether this rate change is also observed in New Mexico, radiographs from two cohorts of European American female orthodontic patients with known ages were used to compare age by stage of development. The cohorts date to the 1970’s (n=101) and the 1990’s (n=93) and were between 5-11 years of age. Dental developmental stages were recorded for five mandibular teeth.The average calendar age difference between cohorts per tooth and developmental stage combination was less than one month, but varies among tooth/stage combinations by up to 13 months. A Pearson’s chi square test found no significant difference between the two cohorts for the 22 tooth/stage combinations. However, Cox Hazards Analysis demonstrated significant differences between the cohorts for five of the 22 tooth and stage combinations. Contrary to previous findings, the calendar age of the 1990’s cohort is older for 16 of the 22 tooth/stage combinations than the 1970’s cohort. This runs counter to the general trend of acceleration in development observed in multiple systems.
Accuracy of estimating age from eruption levels of mandibular teeth
Authors: Willmot Sheryl E. , Hector Mark P. , Liversidge Helen M. 
Published: December 2018

Little is documented on the accu-racy of estimating age from alveolar eruption (AE) or partial eruption (PE). The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of age estimation from eruption levels. Methods tested were Gleiser and Hunt (1955), Garn et al. (1958), Ando et al. (1965), Haavikko (1970) and clinical eruption from Smith et al. (1998). The sample was 946 panoramic dental radiographs from children aged 3-16 years. Left mandibular teeth (excluding third molar) were assessed for eruption level (AE and PE) and root quarters. Methods, teeth and eruption levels were deemed to be accurate if the average difference between estimated and chronological ages was not significant to zero using a t-test (P>0.05). Results show that early erupting permanent teeth were fairly good at estimating age, although there was considerable age variation in eruption. Haavikko incisors and molars at AE and Haavikko and Smith central incisor and second molar at PE estimated age accurately. Root stage of erupting teeth estimated age more accurately than eruption level using Haavikko. These findings suggest that erupting permanent mandibular teeth can be helpful in estimating age.
Dental morphology of deciduous molars from late Neolithic Caves of the Meuse River Basin of Belgium
Authors: Williams Frank L'Engle , George Rebecca L , Polet Caroline 
Published: December 2018

Nearly 200 karstic caves of the Meuse River Basin of Belgium preserve collective burials dated to the Late Neolithic. The gnathic remains from five well preserved sites provide an opportunity to explore potential relationship among these cave burials.
The cave burials of Hastière Caverne M, Hastière Trou Garçon C, Maurenne Caverne de la Cave, Sclaigneaux and Bois Madame are dated to circa 4,635 to 3,830 years BP. Dental casts from mandibular and maxillary deciduous molars are scored using the ASUDAS.
Carabelli’s trait varies from a small, Y-shaped depression to a full cusp, and the largest ones are found at Hastière Caverne M. The mandibular first molars have three to five cusps and the second molars have five, with one instance of six cusps at Bois Madame, which exceeds the range of variation for other dental traits. The hypoconulid ranges from small to very large. A metaconulid is absent or small.
Although the results are contingent on idiosyncratic preservation, differences in the frequencies of traits exist between the earlier cave burial from Hastière Caverne M and the late/final Neolithic burials of Sclaigneaux and Bois Madame, the latter of which is the most variable in the expression of dental traits.
Differential Impacts of Subsistence on Developmental Stress in Prehistoric Ohio Valley Children
Authors: Moes Emily , Blatt Samantha H 
Published: December 2018

Bioarchaeologists often assume that the intensification of agriculture results in an increase in physiological stress, but it is necessary to also consider duration and age of occurrence of stress events. Linear enamel hypoplasias (LEH) are indicators of such events. By analyzing LEH on the permanent anterior teeth of 40 children from prehistoric Ohio Valley, this project compares the timing and duration of stress events of foragers (4000-3000 B.P.) with those of agriculturalists (A.D. 1000-1500).
A scanning electron microscope was used to create 50X photomontages of the tooth surfaces. LEH from systemic stress were recorded from these photomontages as those that concurrently match among other teeth from the same individual. Ages were calculated at which stress events occurred. The total number of perikymata within each defect furrow were used to reflect the duration of the stress events. Variables were compared between samples using Fisher’s exact tests and pairwise ANOVA.
Agriculturalist children endured the most stress events, although foraging children suffered the longest stress events. Variation can be attributable to cultural or nutritional change in the Ohio Valley, resulting in agriculturalist children being more frail. Results are similar to previous studies exploring transitions in physiological stress with the rise of agriculture.
Evolutionary Perspectives on Popular Culture: State of the Art
Authors: Salmon Catherine 
Published: December 2018

AbstractUtilizing an evolutionary perspective has proven fruitful in a number of areas of interest outside of the standard psychological or anthropological topics. This includes a wide range of fields from applied disciplines such as law, criminology, medicine, and marketing, to the study of the imagined worlds found in art and literature, the domains of the humanities. A number of excellent books, as well as numerous articles, detail the impressive work done in applying evolutionary insights to the study of art and literature. This article focuses on evolutionarily informed explorations of popular culture, an area that, only relatively recently, has benefited from research taking this approach. The existing scholarship in this area will be reviewed, and future directions and challenges highlighted.
A Tale of Two Species: The Origins of Art and the Neanderthal Challenge
Authors: Seghers Eveline 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
At the dawn of the Upper Palaeolithic era around 45,000 BP, Homo sapiens migrated into Europe. This process was accompanied by the extinction of Neanderthals, which has led many to believe that this species was cognitively and behaviorally inferior to anatomically modern humans. In recent years, however, this view has been challenged. This paper focuses on art and aesthetic practices among Neanderthals, as one of the exponents of modernity. It explores to what extent central cognitivist accounts of differences with Homo sapiens are supported by both theoretical arguments and empirical evidence. The commonly cited cognitive capacity for symbolism may be less crucial for art than hitherto assumed, and several other variables, such as demography and ecology, adapt the mainstream idea that the crucial difference between Neanderthals and anatomically modern humans is of a cognitive nature. As such, Neanderthals may have been artists as well, challenging longstanding ideas about the uniqueness of our species.
THE EFFECT OF SUPRAPHYSIOLOGICAL DOSES OF VITAMIN E ON PERFORMANCE OF BROILER BREEDERS FLOCK
Authors: Yaripour Mehrdad , Dadashbeiki Mohammad , Giuliotti Lorella , Seidavi Alireza 
Published: December 2018

The effect of supplementary vitamin E levels on the performance of broiler breeder flocks was studied. A completely randomized design with four treatments (100, 500, 1000, or 1500 IU vitamin E/kg) and three replicates per treatment was used. Each replicate included seven females and one male broiler breeder. Rearing conditions, lighting, temperature, humidity, amount of feed, and the amount of other nutrients in the diet were equal for all treatment groups and according to specifications of the management guide for broiler production. Eggs from each replicate were collected up to six times daily for nine weeks. Every three days, eggs were transferred to a hatchery and their characteristics were determined. The results showed 5- to 15-fold Vitamin E levels over the recommended daily dose had significant negative effects on hatchability and related parameters as well as on herd economic index (P<0.05).Key words: broiler breeder; hen; tocopherol; reproductive; performance UČINEK SUPRAFIZIOLOŠKIH ODMERKOV VITAMINA E NA PRIRAŠČANJE VZREJNIH BROJLERJSKIH JATPovzetek: V študiji smo raziskovali učinek dodajanja vitamina E na hitrost prirasta v vzrejnih brojlerskih jatah. Študija je bila zasnovana naključno s štirimi koncentracijami dodatka (100, 500, 1000 ali 1500 i.e. vitamina E/kg telesne mase) in tremi ponovitvami tretiranja za vsako koncentracijo dodanega vitamina E. Vsaka ponovitev je vključevala sedem samic in enega brojlerskega samca. Pogoji reje, razsvetljava, temperatura, vlaga, količina krme in količina drugih hranilnih snovi v prehrani so bili enaki za vse poskusne skupine in v skladu s specifikacijami reje pitovnih piščancev. Jajca iz vsake ponovitve tretiranj po skupinah so bila zbrana do šestkrat dnevno devet tednov. Vsake tri dni so bila jajca prenesena v valilnico, kjer smo določili njihove značilnosti. Rezultati so pokazali da so imele 5- do 15-kratne vrednosti vitamina E nad priporočenim dnevnim odmerkom značilno negativne učinke na sposobnost valjenja in sorodnih parametrov, kakor tudi na na čredni gospodarski indeks (P<0,05).Ključne besede: brojlerji; kokoš; vitamin E; razmnoževanje
PEMODELAN ATMOSFER DENGAN WRF PADA KEJADIAN BANJIR JAKARTA 17 JANUARI 2013
Authors: Arbain Ardhi Adhary , Kudsy Mahally , Syaifullah M. Djazim 
Published: December 2018

Intisari Simulasi WRF pada tanggal 16-17 Januari 2013 dilakukan untuk menguji performa model dalam mendeteksi fenomena seruak dingin dan hujan ekstrim yang merupakan pemicu utama bencana banjir Jakarta pada periode tersebut. Metode verifikasi kualitatif dan kuantitatif pada tiap grid secara dikotomi digunakan untuk membandingkan keluaran model dengan data observasi Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP) dan NCEP Reanalysis. Performa model WRF dihitung berdasarkan nilai akurasi (ACC), Critical Success Index (CSI), Probability of Detection (POD) dan False Alarm Ratio (FAR) yang diperoleh dari hasil verifikasi numerik. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa WRF mampu melakukan deteksi waktu awal kejadian hujan ekstrim dengan tepat setelah 6-7 jam sejak inisiasi model dilakukan. Performa terbaik WRF teramati pada pukul 02-09 WIB (LT) dengan nilai CSI mencapai 0,32, POD 0,82 dan FAR 0,66. Hasil verifikasi secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif juga menunjukkan bahwa WRF dapat melakukan deteksi seruak dingin dan hujan ekstrim sebelum banjir terjadi, walaupun dengan ketepatan durasi waktu dan lokasi kejadian yang masih relatif rendah bila dibandingkan dengan data observasi. Abstract WRF simulation on January 16-17, 2013 has been conducted to evaluate the model performance in detecting cold surge and extreme precipitation phenomena which were the triggers of Jakarta flood event during the period. Qualitative and quantitative dichotomous grid-to-grid verification methods are utilized to compare the model output with Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP) observation and NCEP Reanalysis dataset. WRF model performance is calculated based on the scores of accuracy (ACC), Critical Success Index (CSI), Probability of Detection (POD) and False Alarm Ration (FAR) which are generated from numerical verification. The results show that WRF could precisely detect the onset of extreme precipitation event in 6-7 hours after the model initiation.The best performance of the model is observed at 02-09 WIB (LT) with CSI score of 0.32, POD 0.82 and FAR 0.66. Despite the model inability to accurately predict the duration and location of cold surge and extreme precipitation, the qualitative and quantitative verification results also show that WRF could detect the phenomena just before the flood event occured.
А.C. Danto and P. Ricœur: Narrative as a Tool of Historical Knowledge
Authors: Gubman B. L. 
Published: December 2018

The article comparatively analyzes A.C. Danto’s and P. Ricœur’s theories of historical narration. Ricœur’s synthetic assimilation of Danto’s views is interpreted as a characteristic phenomenon of the dialogue between hermeneutics and analytical philosophy, and in a broader perspective – of contemporary European continental and Anglo-American philosophical traditions. The version of the analytical philosophy of history developed by Danto is interpreted as being formed in the course of overcoming epistemological program of logical positivism under the impact of a platform of linguistic philosophy, pragmatism and neo-pragmatism as well as F. Nietzsche’s perspectivism and the ideas of existentialism. The articles examines fundamental conclusions of Danto’s “descriptive metaphysics” of history, which influence his understanding of a number of epistemological factors and ontological assumptions specific for the theory of historical narration. At the late stage of the evolution of his philosophy of history, Danto spoke of a radical challenge to his views on the part of T. Kuhn’s theory, but he did not give to it a constructive answer. Despite the significant philosophical differences, a number of Danto’s historical narration theory’s theses became acceptable for Ricœur, especially in the light of the American colleague final confession that knowledge of the past is dependent on the kind of existential presence in history specific for a human being. Taking M. Heidegger’s and H.G. Gadamer’s ideas as a basis of his approach to narration problem, Ricœur considered also important the “linguistic turn” initiated by L. Wittgenstein. Offering a positive evaluation of Danto’s analysis of history language, Ricœur simultaneously rightly criticized him for his neglect of the formal instruments of organizing of narrative – plot, intrigue, and composition that should affect the knowledge resources and testify on the unity of narration features in history and fiction as well.
Classical and Non-Classical Versions of the Ontological Argument
Authors: Sorvin K. V. 
Published: December 2018

The article is devoted to the interpretation of the ontological argument as a theoretical construction that is connected with understanding of the reflexive relationship of thinking and existence. The author concludes that the consistent implementation of this approach requires an appeal to the historically transitory forms of the ontological argument which reconstructs the logic of the evolution of reflexive systems. The ontological argument is considered as a developing theoretical construct. Therefore, theoretical constructs conceptualized as non-classical versions of the ontological argument will constantly re-emerge. Emergence of the first non-classical version of the ontological argument is related to need of overcoming apriority of introduction of the idea of the absolute being which is typical for Cartesianism. This issue was realized in the Kantian doctrine of transcendental ideas, which presented mind as an independent essence that creates its own content. Thus, the metaphysical construction, conditionally referred to as “the moral proof of the existence of God,” is revealed in the paper as a non-classical variant of the ontological argument. However, while Kant could be content with faith in reality of other subjectivity as an object of moral action, Fichte’s scientific doctrine demanded a proof of objective reality of the concept of the other I. This issue was identical to a basic problem of an ontological argument. “The ontological argument of the other I” offered by Fichte was devoid of mysticism as it is indissolubly connected with the disclosure of the social nature of the human subjectivity. The last step in formation of the concept “non-classical version of the ontological argument” was taken in Hegelian philosophy, where the reflexive relations between the multitude of I’s were transformed to reflexive interconnection between God and man. The versions of ontological argument are considered in the paper as necessary stages which any theoretical model of reflexive systems has to pass in its formation.