bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Réduction des risques professionnels liés à la pré-collecte des déchets municipaux dans les pays en développement : proposition d’approches adaptées à partir du cas de Lomé, Togo
Authors: Tchegueni Sanonka , Douti Idrissa , Bleck Daniela , Koledzi Komi Edem , Bromblet Hélène 
Published: October 2019

Several risks exist in waste management. These risks are caused by the nature of waste, treatment processes and work organization. This study, carried out in three pre-collection companies in Lomé showed that workers are exposed to several risks, the three main ones being physical injuries, musculoskeletal disorders and exposure to organic dust and micro-organisms. These risks are due to the permanent contact of workers with the waste and to this work entirely manual. They are accentuated by the ignorance of the workers in terms of risks associated with their activities and the insufficient resources of the pre-collection companies to provide the workers with adequate equipment. The risk reduction measures taken by these structures essentially consist of the provision of personal protective equipment and agents. This equipment is often inadequate and poorly used. Only 6% of staff report regular wear. Risk reduction is effective when they are attacked at source, through integration, into a coherent set of technology and work organization and actors are trained and sensitized.
Plusieurs risques existent dans la gestion des déchets. Ces risques ont pour origine la nature des déchets, les procédés de traitement et l’organisation de travail. Cette étude, réalisée dans trois structures de pré-collecte à Lomé, a montré que les ouvriers sont exposés à plusieurs risques, dont les trois principaux sont les blessures physiques, les troubles musculo-squelettiques et l’exposition aux poussières organiques et aux micro-organismes. Ces risques sont dus aux contacts permanents des éboueurs avec les déchets et au travail entièrement manuel. Ils sont accentués par l’ignorance des éboueurs en matière de risques liés à leurs activités et l’insuffisance de moyens des structures de pré-collectes à mettre à la disposition des éboueurs un matériel de travail adéquat. Les mesures de réduction des risques prises par ces structures se résument essentiellement à la mise à disposition des agents, des équipements de protection individuelle. Ces équipements sont souvent insuffisants et mal utilisés. Seuls 6 % des agents affirment en porter régulièrement. Une réduction des risques est efficace lorsqu’ils sont attaqués à la source, à travers l’intégration, dans un ensemble cohérent de la technique et de l’organisation du travail et que les acteurs sont formés et sensibilisés.
Control in International Law
Authors: Rikhof Joseph , Cocan Silviana 
Published: October 2019

Control in International Law
The concept of control has permeated various disciplines of public international law, most notable international criminal law, international humanitarian law, international human rights law and the law of statehood as well as the law of responsibility for states and international organizations. Often this notion of control has been used to extend the regular parameters in these disciplines to capture more extraordinary situations and apply the same rules originally developed within areas of law, such as the application of the laws of war to occupation, the rules of human rights treaties to extraterritorial situations or state responsibility to non-state actors. This article will examine this notion of control in all its facets in international law while also addressing some of its controversies and disagreements in the jurisprudence of international institutions, which have utilized this concept. The article will then provide an overview of its uses in international law as well as its overlap from one discipline to another with a view of providing some overarching observations and conclusions.
Tegen academische reservaten. Pleidooi voor een ‘leesbare’ rechtsfilosofie
Authors: Graaf Niels 
Published: October 2019

Tegen academische reservaten. Pleidooi voor een ‘leesbare’ rechtsfilosofie
De wijsbegeerte van het recht, ooit koningin der rechtswetenschap, is onderdeel geworden van de juridische ‘perspectiefvakken’. Daarmee is het risico ontstaan dat uiteindelijk het ‘perspectiefvak’ dat het beste aansluit bij de wetenschap van het positieve recht (institutioneel) zegeviert. Academische l’art pour l’art in de zin dat een subdiscipline als de wijsbegeerte van het recht zich in een afgeschermde traditie opsluit, moet daarom worden voorkomen. Tegelijkertijd is het zaak dat perspectiefvakken niet alleen hun argumentatie verrijken en schrijven voor een groter lezerspubliek, maar zich ook duidelijker naar de buitenwereld presenteren als niet inwisselbaar, maar complementair.
Het 100-jarige bestaan van de Vereeniging voor Wijsbegeerte des Rechts
Authors: Jansen Corjo 
Published: October 2019

Het 100-jarige bestaan van de Vereeniging voor Wijsbegeerte des Rechts
De Vereeniging voor Wijsbegeerte des Rechts (VWR) is opgericht op 28 december 1918. Zij had tot doel de studie van de rechtsfilosofie en het maatschappelijk leven. Deze studie moest tevens relevant zijn voor de rechtspraktijk. Vanaf haar oprichting kende de VWR een sterke internationale oriëntatie, aanvankelijk gericht op Duitsland, later vooral op het Verenigd Koninkrijk en de VS. In de jaren zeventig en tachtig van de vorige eeuw beleefde de VWR wat betreft belangstelling en ledenaantal haar hoogtepunt. In 2016 besloot zij – na een gestage neergang – de band met de Nederlandstalige (praktijk)jurist weer aan te halen.
Dynamique de co-création des politiques publiques dans des contextes institutionnels complexes : le cas des Chemins de Compostelle en France et en Espagne
Authors: Lorey Thierry , Dosquet Frédéric , Errami Youssef , Chantelot Sébastien 
Published: October 2019

Cette recherche étudie, dans le cas des Chemins de Compostelle, les conditions d’émergence d’une dynamique de co-création des politiques publiques dans des contextes institutionnels complexes. Par la mobilisation des concepts de co-création, de leadership et d’innovation managériale et d’une étude longitudinale intégrant 35 interviews, nos résultats montrent que : (1) la co-création des politiques publiques est un processus de long terme lié à la mutation du leadership des acteurs; (2) elle est rendue possible par l’émergence d’acteurs-frontières associatifs, vecteurs d’innovations managériales. Nous proposons une grille d’évaluation de la co-création publique ainsi qu’une typologie des innovations managériales.
Idéaltype de l’émergence collective des opportunités d’affaires sous l’angle intersubjectif
Authors: Casanova Sophie , Messeghem Karim , Sammut Sylvie 
Published: October 2019

L’entrepreneuriat n’est plus le fait d’un individu isolé, il doit être considéré comme un individu entouré d’un collectif (Venkataraman et al. 2012). Il est primordial de comprendre plus en profondeur le passage de l’individuel au collectif, afin de pouvoir favoriser les arrangements organisationnels ou interindividuels qui pourraient venir partager le risque et diminuer l’incertitude, liés à l’action entrepreneuriale (Busenitz et al. 2014). En nous appuyant sur le concept d’intersubjectivité, nous posons alors la question de l’influence de l’intersubjectivité sur l’émergence collective d’opportunités. Nous proposons un idéaltype de l’émergence collective d’opportunités sous l’angle intersubjectif.
Le lobbying en France : une approche par le concept de corégulation
Authors: Sachet-Milliat Anne , Igalens Jacques 
Published: October 2019

Contrairement aux pays anglo-saxons, ce n’est que très récemment (loi Sapin 2, 2016) que la France s’est dotée d’une définition officielle et d’un cadre réglementaire concernant les activités de lobbying des entreprises. En mobilisant le concept de corégulation, l’objectif de cet article est d’analyser comment s’articulent les systèmes de normes volontaires et contraignantes régulant le lobbying et d’identifier les différents acteurs publics et privés à leur origine. Les limites auxquelles se heurte cette nouvelle forme de régulation du lobbying seront soulignées, en les inscrivant dans une réflexion plus large sur les enjeux RSE du lobbying et les paradoxes du concept récent de lobbying responsable.
Introduction au dossier thématique
Authors: Milliot Éric , Nivoix Sophie , Lemaire Jean-Paul 
Published: October 2019

Replacées dans le champ du management international, les problématiques qu’Atlas AFMI s’attache à développer, depuis près de dix ans, s’expriment au fil des thèmes de ses conférences annuelles. L’analyse des thématiques et des méthodes des 89 contributions retenues pour sa conférence 2015, sur le thème Transitions et management international, vise à faire ressortir les voies de recherche qui y sont privilégiées. Le cadre ESO est mobilisé pour relier les thématiques clés de l’environnement international (E), des stratégies développées par les acteurs (S) et des conditions organisationnelles (O). En complément, le modèle PREST permet de situer les niveaux – macro, méso et micro-économiques – auxquels se positionnent ces contributions.
Communauté et subjectivité politiques
Authors: Furukawa Marques Dan 
Published: October 2019

La mística du Mouvement des travailleurs ruraux sans-terre (MST) au Brésil peut être interprétée comme l’incarnation pratique d’idéaux politiques et existentiels ayant pour effet de faire communauté. Tout en considérant les analyses socio-anthropologiques du phénomène, le présent article met davantage l’accent sur les perceptions et les effets subjectifs à travers une analyse phénoménologico-politique, jusqu’ici très peu explorés. À l’aide d’une enquête ethnographique, il s’agira de comprendre l’expérience de la mística, par-delà les performances, comme une relation entre les sujets et le monde : un vécu quotidien, un état d’esprit de groupe et des « moments mystiques ». Pour ce faire, il est central d’examiner l’articulation du lien politique entre les sujets et l’expérience de faire communauté. Je mobilise ainsi la théorie politique de Maurice Merleau-Ponty pour réfléchir à la dimension politique de notre manière d’être au monde et d’entrer en relation avec autrui.
Plasmid Profile Analysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Wound Infections in a General Hospital in Southern Nigeria
Authors: Uyanga F. Z. , Ibanga I. A. 
Published: October 2019

Background/Purpose: Open wound infection is a serious problem especially with extended-spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) producing Gram negative bacteria such as P. aeruginosa. The purpose of this research was to identify open wound infections due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa and also determine their plasmid profile.
Methods: A total of 50 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were obtained from clinical wound swabs in a secondary health care facility. Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were identified using Microbact 24E system kit. Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated and subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing by disc diffusion method. ESBL production was detected using Double Disk Synergy Test (DDST) and CHROMagar ESBL (France). Six different antibiotic discs were used to determine the susceptibility pattern of the isolates. Plasmids were extracted using ZR plasmid Miniprep classic extraction Kit. Electrophoresis of the DNA was carried out on 0.8% w/v agarose gel.
Results: The prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 63%. The antibiotic resistance pattern showed that Pseudomonas aeruginosa was highly resistant against cefotaxime (90%), ofloxacin (80%), ceftazidime (55%), azetronam (60%), imipenem (25%), amoxicillin clavulanic acid (35%) and amikacin (30%). Plasmid profile was carried out on 20 selected multidrug resistant isolates; those resistant to three or more classes of antibiotics. Plasmid content of the isolates were found to be 90%. All isolates that had plasmid were resistant to cefotaxim, ceftazidime, azetronam, ofloxacin and amikacin.
Conclusion: Antibiotic resistance by P. aeruginosa is increasingly high in wound infections and appears to be linked to the presence of plasmid and ESBL enzymes.
Identifying characteristics of indicators of sedentary behavior using objective measurements
Authors: Yamamoto Kojiro , Matsuda Fumiko , Matsukawa Tsuyoshi , Yamamoto Nao , Ishii Kenji , Kurihara Takahiro , Yamada Shota , Matsuki Taro , Kamijima Michihiro , Ebara Takeshi 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Objective
Recent attention has been focused on sedentary behavior (SB) affecting health outcomes, but the characteristics of indicators reflecting SB remain to be identified. This cross-sectional study aims to identify the characteristics of indicators of SB, focusing on the examination of correlations, reliability, and validity of sedentary variables assessed by the smartphone app.

Method
Objectively measured data of SB of eligible 46 Japanese workers obtained from smartphones were used. We assessed the characteristics of current indicators being used with a 10-minute or 30-minute thresholds, in addition to the conventional indicators of total sedentary time, mean sedentary bout duration, and total number of sedentary bouts. They were evaluated from three perspectives: (a) association among the indicators, (b) reliability of the indicators, and (c) criterion validity.

Results
Total sedentary time under 10 minutes (U10) and U30 had negative associations with Total sedentary time (r = −.47 and −.21 respectively). The correlation between Mean sedentary bout duration and Total number of sedentary bouts was −.84, whereas between Mean sedentary bout duration 10, 30 and Total number of sedentary bouts were −.54 and −.21, respectively. The intraclass correlation coefficients of almost all indicators were around .80. Mean sedentary bout duration, Mean sedentary bout duration 10, Total number of sedentary bouts, Total sedentary time 30, U30 and U10 have significant differences between three BMI groups.

Conclusion
This study comprehensively revealed the rationale of advantage in the current indicator being used with a 10-minute or 30-minute threshold, rather than the conventional total amount of SB.
The gelatinase biosynthesis‐activating pheromone binds and stabilises the FsrB membrane protein in Enterococcus faecalis quorum sensing
Authors: Littlewood Sean , Tattersall Helena , Hughes Charlotte S. , Hussain Rohanah , Ma Pikyee , Harding Stephen E. , Nakayama Jiro , Phillips‐Jones Mary K. 
Published: October 2019

Quorum‐sensing mechanisms regulate gene expression in response to changing cell‐population density detected through pheromones. In Enterococcus faecalis, Fsr quorum sensing produces and responds to the gelatinase biosynthesis‐activating pheromone (GBAP). Here we establish that the enterococcal FsrB membrane protein has a direct role connected with GBAP by showing that GBAP binds to purified FsrB. Far‐UV CD measurements demonstrated a predominantly α‐helical protein exhibiting a small level of conformational flexibility. Fivefold (400 μm) GBAP stabilised FsrB (80 μm) secondary structure. FsrB thermal denaturation in the presence and absence of GBAP revealed melting temperatures of 70.1 and 60.8 °C, respectively, demonstrating GBAP interactions and increased thermal stability conferred by GBAP. Addition of GBAP also resulted in tertiary structural changes, confirming GBAP binding.
Ionic Tactile Sensors for Emerging Human‐Interactive Technologies: A Review of Recent Progress
Authors: Amoli Vipin , Kim Joo Sung , Kim So Young , Koo Jehyoung , Chung Yoon Sun , Choi Hanbin , Kim Do Hwan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIonic tactile sensors (ITS) represent a new class of deformable sensory platforms that mimic not only the tactile functions and topological structures but also the mechanotransduction mechanism across the biological ion channels in human skin, which can demonstrate a more advanced biological interface for targeting emerging human‐interactive technologies compared to conventional e‐skin devices. Recently, flexible and even stretchable ITS have been developed using novel structural designs and strategies in materials and devices. These skin‐like tactile sensors can effectively sense pressure, strain, shear, torsion, and other external stimuli with high sensitivity, high reliability, and rapid response beyond those of human perception. In this review, the recent developments of the ITS based on the novel concepts, structural designs, and strategies in materials innovation are entirely highlighted. In particular, biomimetic approaches have led to the development of the ITS that extend beyond the tactile sensory capabilities of human skin such as sensitivity, pressure detection range, and multimodality. Furthermore, the recent progress in self‐powered and self‐healable ITS, which should be strongly required to allow human‐interactive artificial sensory platforms is reviewed. The applications of ITS in human‐interactive technologies including artificial skin, wearable medical devices, and user‐interactive interfaces are highlighted. Last, perspectives on the current challenges and the future directions of this field are presented.
Biodegradable Fluorescent Nanoparticles for Endoscopic Detection of Colorectal Carcinogenesis
Authors: Rogalla Stephan , Flisikowski Krzysztof , Gorpas Dimitris , Mayer Aaron T. , Flisikowska Tatiana , Mandella Michael J. , Ma Xiaopeng , Casey Kerriann M. , Felt Stephen A. , Saur Dieter , Ntziachristos Vasilis , Schnieke Angelika , Contag Christopher H. , Gambhir Sanjiv S. , Harmsen Stefan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractEarly and comprehensive endoscopic detection of colonic dysplasia—the most clinically significant precursor lesion to colorectal adenocarcinoma—provides an opportunity for timely, minimally invasive intervention to prevent malignant transformation. Here, the development and evaluation of biodegradable near‐infrared fluorescent silica nanoparticles (FSN) that have the potential to improve adenoma detection during fluorescence‐assisted white‐light colonoscopic surveillance in rodent and human‐scale models of colorectal carcinogenesis is described. FSNs are biodegradable (t1/2 of 2.7 weeks), well‐tolerated, and enable detection and delineation of adenomas as small as 0.5 mm2 with high tumor‐to‐background ratios. Furthermore, in the human scale, APC1311/+ porcine model, the clinical feasibility and benefit of using FSN‐guided detection of colorectal adenomas using video‐rate fluorescence‐assisted white‐light endoscopy is demonstrated. Since nanoparticles of similar size (e.g., 100–150 nm) or composition (i.e., silica and silica/gold hybrid) have already been successfully translated to the clinic, and clinical fluorescent/white‐light endoscopy systems are becoming more readily available, there is a viable path towards clinical translation of the proposed strategy for early colorectal cancer detection and prevention in high‐risk patients.
Hydrogel Bioink Reinforcement for Additive Manufacturing: A Focused Review of Emerging Strategies
Authors: Chimene David , Kaunas Roland , Gaharwar Akhilesh K. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBioprinting is an emerging approach for fabricating cell‐laden 3D scaffolds via robotic deposition of cells and biomaterials into custom shapes and patterns to replicate complex tissue architectures. Bioprinting uses hydrogel solutions called bioinks as both cell carriers and structural components, requiring bioinks to be highly printable while providing a robust and cell‐friendly microenvironment. Unfortunately, conventional hydrogel bioinks have not been able to meet these requirements and are mechanically weak due to their heterogeneously crosslinked networks and lack of energy dissipation mechanisms. Advanced bioink designs using various methods of dissipating mechanical energy are aimed at developing next‐generation cellularized 3D scaffolds to mimic anatomical size, tissue architecture, and tissue‐specific functions. These next‐generation bioinks need to have high print fidelity and should provide a biocompatible microenvironment along with improved mechanical properties. To design these advanced bioink formulations, it is important to understand the structure–property–function relationships of hydrogel networks. By specifically leveraging biophysical and biochemical characteristics of hydrogel networks, high performance bioinks can be designed to control and direct cell functions. In this review article, current and emerging approaches in hydrogel design and bioink reinforcement techniques are critically evaluated. This bottom‐up perspective provides a materials‐centric approach to bioink design for 3D bioprinting.
Photochemical Strain‐Release‐Driven Cyclobutylation of C(sp3)‐Centered Radicals
Authors: Ernouf Guillaume , Chirkin Egor , Rhyman Lydia , Ramasami Ponnadurai , Cintrat Jean‐Christophe 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA new photoredox‐catalyzed decarboxylative radical addition approach to functionalized cyclobutanes is described. The reaction involves an unprecedented formal Giese‐type addition of C(sp3)‐centered radicals to highly strained bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes. The mild photoredox conditions, which make use of a readily available and bench stable phenyl sulfonyl bicyclo[1.1.0]butane, proved to be amenable to a diverse range of α‐amino and α‐oxy carboxylic acids, providing a concise route to 1,3‐disubstituted cyclobutanes. Furthermore, kinetic studies and DFT calculations unveiled mechanistic details on bicyclo[1.1.0]butane reactivity relative to the corresponding olefin system.
Luminescence and Light‐Driven Energy and Electron Transfer from an Exceptionally Long‐Lived Excited State of a Non‐Innocent Chromium(III) Complex
Authors: Treiling Steffen , Wang Cui , Förster Christoph , Reichenauer Florian , Kalmbach Jens , Boden Pit , Harris Joe P. , Carrella Luca M. , Rentschler Eva , Resch‐Genger Ute , Reber Christian , Seitz Michael , Gerhards Markus , Heinze Katja 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPhotoactive metal complexes employing Earth‐abundant metal ions are a key to sustainable photophysical and photochemical applications. We exploit the effects of an inversion center and ligand non‐innocence to tune the luminescence and photochemistry of the excited state of the [CrN6] chromophore [Cr(tpe)2]3+ with close to octahedral symmetry (tpe=1,1,1‐tris(pyrid‐2‐yl)ethane). [Cr(tpe)2]3+ exhibits the longest luminescence lifetime (τ=4500 μs) reported up to date for a molecular polypyridyl chromium(III) complex together with a very high luminescence quantum yield of Φ=8.2 % at room temperature in fluid solution. Furthermore, the tpe ligands in [Cr(tpe)2]3+ are redox non‐innocent, leading to reversible reductive chemistry. The excited state redox potential and lifetime of [Cr(tpe)2]3+ surpass those of the classical photosensitizer [Ru(bpy)3]2+ (bpy=2,2′‐bipyridine) enabling energy transfer (to oxygen) and photoredox processes (with azulene and tri(n‐butyl)amine).
Expanding the Arsenal of PtIV Anticancer Agents: Multi‐action PtIV Anticancer Agents with Bioactive Ligands Possessing a Hydroxy Functional Group
Authors: Yempala Thirumal , Babu Tomer , Karmakar Subhendu , Nemirovski Alina , Ishan Maisaloon , Gandin Valentina , Gibson Dan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMost multi‐action PtIV prodrugs have bioactive ligands containing carboxylates. This is probably due to the ease of carboxylating the OH axial ligands and because following reduction, the active drug is released. A major challenge is to expand the arsenal of bioactive ligands to include those without carboxylates. We describe a general approach for synthesis of PtIV prodrugs that release drugs with OH groups. We linked the OH groups of gemcitabine (Gem), paclitaxel (Tax), and estramustine (EM) to the PtIV derivative of cisplatin by a carbonate bridge. Following reduction, the axial ligands lost CO2, rapidly generating the active drugs. In contrast, succinate‐linked drugs did not readily release the free drugs. The carbonate‐bridged ctc‐[Pt(NH3)2(PhB)(Gem‐Carb)Cl2] was significantly more cytotoxic than the succinate‐bridged ctc‐[Pt(NH3)2(PhB)(Gem‐Suc)Cl2], and more potent and less toxic than gemcitabine, cisplatin, and co‐administration of cisplatin and gemcitabine.