bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Species wise incidence of malaria in pediatric age group of Raichur district, India
Authors: Patel Abhishek , K. Srinivasa , G. A. Manjunath 
Published: June 2018

Background: The incidence of malaria is on the raise in Raichur district of Karnataka in the recent years and there is not much studies on malaria from this region. A hospital and community-based study was conducted to know the species wise incidence of malaria in pediatric age group of Raichur district and to know the efficacy of rapid diagnostic test for the diagnosis of malaria, against the gold standard ‘Microscopic examination’ of thick and thin smear.Methods: Blood samples from 676 children with clinical suspicion of malaria were tested by PBS study and RDT. Differentiation of malaria parasite is based on antigenic differences between pLDH isoforms. Results from the RDT were compared to those obtained by PBS.Results: A total of 302 (44.67%) samples were positive by PBS method of which 54 (8.0%) are Plasmodium falciparum, 248 (36.9%) are Plasmodium vivax and, while 218 (32.2%) were positive by RDT 37 (5.5%) Plasmodium falciparum, 181 (26.8%) Plasmodium vivax. In present study the overall incidence of Plasmodium vivax in Raichur district is 36.69% and Plasmodium falciparum incidence is 7.99% and none of the samples have tested positive for Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium ovale species among the study group. The RDT showed sensitivities of 53.70% and 66.13% and specificities of 98.71% and 96.03%, respectively for the detection of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax.Conclusions: Plasmodium vivax species remains the most common malarial parasite among the positive case by PBS method in Raichur district, but the incidence of plasmodium falciparum is on the rise which is a matter of concern. The RDT method has a low sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of malaria since the identification of the four-parasite species is not possible. The careful examination of a well-prepared and well-stained blood film currently remains the "gold standard" for malaria diagnosis.
Academic infractions of assessed work in Japanese langauge
Authors: Winch Junko 
Published: June 2018

Google Translate (GT) is a free on-line translation tool and accessible to anyone including students who study languages.Before the advent of GT, dictionaries have been used by language learners, which have only receptive translation function.Unlike dictionaries, GT has two translation functions: receptive and productive. This productive function of GT has beenincreasingly creating problems in university language assessment and language teachers with students’ cheating, plagiarismor academic infractions. The purpose of this article is to find evidence that GT has a causal effect of students’ cheating,plagiarism or academic infractions. In addition, how coherence also seems to be associated with academic infraction isdiscussed before the methodology. The study investigated the formative Japanese coursework essay writings of threestudents who have studied Japanese for 1 year but with no basic understanding or knowledge of the Japanese language at auniversity of South of England. It is concluded that all the three students were suspected of committing plagiarism in spite ofteacher’s warning of plagiarism. The implications of this study are directed at institutions, teachers and students. Institutionsshould review the information gap between the websites which are written for students and the university’s officialpublished website statement on plagiarism. Institutions may also need to mention GT specifically in the plagiarismdocumentation. Institutions may also consider adopting an additional coversheet system to use as students’ declaration ofplagiarism. Language teacher should be familiar with the differences between plagiarism vs. cheatings, plagiarism vs.academic infractions/offences and the components of academic infractions of the university they work. Students shouldsubmit their own work, not using GT or copying and pasting translated sentences from websites.

Keywords: Google Translate (GT), plagiarisms, higher education, Japanese langauge teaching.
BELAJAR MEMAHAMI TURATS
Authors: Wargadinata Wildana 
Published: June 2018

<p>The problem of source authenticity is the first question that a man who seeks the truth asks. This paper explains the phenomenon of turats and dynamics in several generations. Many people who strongly reject turats for no apparent reason, because they have not understood it. Conversely many also receive turats with a round but also understand it. Their unfamiliarity with turats, because they have lost the formulas of the salaf they use in every rulisannya. Each turats is written with a code that is a particular formula used by a group of humans to establish a secret relationship between them. The turats code here does not mean the secrets to be stored but it has been used among salaf scholars.</p><p> </p><p>Masalah penelusuran keaslian sumber adalah permasalahan pertama yang clipertanyakan seorang manusia yang mencari kebenaran. Tulisan ini menjelaskan fenomena turats dan dinamikanya pada beberapa generasi. Banyak orang yang menolak keras turats tanpa alasan yang jelas, dikarenakan mereka belum memahaminya. Sebaliknya banyak juga yang menerima turats dengan bulat tetapi juga memahaminya. Ketidakpahaman mereka terhadap turats, karena mereka telah kehilangan rumusan yang dimiliki para salaf yang mereka pakai dalam setiap rulisannya. Setiap turats ditulis dengan kode yang merupakan sebuah rumusan tertentu yang dipakai oleh sekelompok manusia untuk mengadakan hubungan rahasia antara mereka. Kode turats disini bukan berarti rahasia yang harus disimpan akan tetapi memang telah dipakai diantara ulama salaf. </p><p> </p><p> </p>
MENEMUKAN JATI DIRI DAN MENEMPATKANNYA PADA POSISINYA YANG TEPAT: Suatu Pengantar Menuju Ilmu Tasawuf
Authors: Dja'far Muhammadiyah 
Published: June 2018

<p><span>This paper discusses how to find the identity is very important to then put it in the right position. This is based on the understanding that humans who want the happiness of the Hereafter, will take the path that is not less than six kinds of positions, namely: a diligent person, or a scientist, or a student or officer, or entrepreneur, or a person solely subjected to monotheism . Whoever has attained the most honorable degree will feel the presence of his heart with God in all things. Nothing else occurred to him, and no one else tapped his hearing, nor his views, except those charged with worship. It is not worth a person who desires this dignity to himself, then becomes lazy in his worship. Indeed, the signs of this man who attains this dignity do not occur to him in an anxious, unimaginable heart, and will not be surprised by the shock of the situation anyhow.</span></p><p><span> </span></p><p><span>Tulisan ini membahas tentang bagaimana menemukan jati diri sangat penting untuk kemudian menempatkannya pada posisi yang tepat. Hal ini berdasarkan pemahaman bahwa manusia yang menginginkan kebahagiaan akhirat, akan menempuh jalannya yang tidak kurang dari enam macam posisi yaitu : orang yang tekun beribadah, atau ilmuwan, atau pelajar (mahasiswa) atau pejabat, atau pengusaha, atau orang yang semata-mata menekuni tauhid. Barangsiapa telah mencapai derajat yang paling mulia akan merasakan kehadiran hatinya bersama dengan Allah dalam segala halnya. Tiada lagi hal lain terlintas dalam hatinya, dan tiada lagi yang mengetuk pendengarannya, maupun pandangannya, kecuali yang bermuatan ibadah. Tidak pantas sama sekali seorang yang menginginkan martabat ini pada dirinya, lalu menjadi malas ibadahnya. Sesungguhnya tanda-tanda orang yang mencapai martabat ini tidak terlintas dalam hatinya sifat kuatir, dan tidak terbayang suatu maksiat di dalam hatinya, serta tidak akan dikejutkan oleh kegoncangan situasi bagaimanapun.</span></p><p> </p>
O homem se reencontra e se olha em tudo o que Vê: a frondescência do saber autoconsciente no paradigma da complexidade
Authors: Domingues Karen Geisel , Almeida Ines Maria Zanforlin Pires de 
Published: June 2018

Apresentamos, neste trabalho, o olhar da complexidade sobre o fenômeno humano que ira abarcar os sistemas que envolvem a vida. Nesse paradigma pós-moderno, a fronteira entre mundo externo e interno tende a diluir-se, assim como natureza e cultura a interpenetrarem-se e o Eu e o Outro se aprontam para servir de mútuo espelho de conhecimento e testemunho. A partir dessa visão de conjunção e reconhecimento entre mundos por meio da ciência, da mística e do autoconhecimento, alimenta-se o processo de construção do conhecimento científico e da constituição da humanidade. Ao observarmos o exercício de pesquisa e do trabalho docente, percebemos como ocorre o desenvolvimento de saberes que vem engendrar o ser individual, o ser coletivo, assim como a própria criação do mundo.Palavras-chave: Paradigma da complexidade. Ciência. Consciência de si.Man founds itself and looks at everything he sees: the frondescence of self-conscious knowledge in the paradigm of complexityAbstractThis article presents the view of complexity upon the human phenomenon encompassing systems involving life. In the postmodern paradigm, the frontier between outside and inner world are solving, so as the lines between nature and culture seems to be interpenetrating each other. As well as I and the Other stand ready to serve as mutual mirror for knowledge and witness of life. From this point of conjunction and recognition among worlds considering science, mystic view and self-knowledge the process of construction is fed by scientiHc learnings and the humanity constitution itself. As the exercise of scientiHc research and the teaching work are observed, it is possible to perceive the development of knowledge that comes to engender the individual being, the collective being as well as the creation of the world itself.Keywords: Complexity paradigm. Science. Self-consciousness.El hombre se reencuentra y se mira en todo lo que ve: la frondescencia del saber autoconsciente en el paradigma de la complejidadResumenPresentamos en este trabajo la mirada de la complejidad sobre el fenómeno que ira abarcar los sistemas que involucran la vida. En este paradigma posmoderno la frontera entre mundo externo e interno tienden a una dilución, así como la naturaleza y cultura que se mesclan, como tambien el Yo y el Otro se preparan para que sirvieran de mutuo espejo de conocimiento y testimonio. A partir de esa mirada de conjunción y reconocimiento entre mundos por medio de la ciencia, de la mística, y del autoconocimiento, se alimenta el proceso de construcción del conocimiento cientíHco y constitución de la humanidad. Al senalarnos el ejercicio de investigación y trabajo del cuerpo docente nos dimos cuenta como ocurre el desarrollo de los conocimientos que vienen a engendrar el ser individual, el ser colectivo, así como la propia creación del mundo.
Palabras clave: Paradigma de la complejidad. Ciencia. Autoconciencia.
Terræ Didatica e Terræ agora são uma só, no ambiente Open Journal Systems
Authors: Editorial Equipe 
Published: June 2018

O estudo da Terra sob perspectiva sistêmica concilia o caráter complexo, experimental e simultaneamente histórico de Ciência do Sistema Terra, em um tratamento multidisciplinar que contribui na formação da cidadania. Fortalecendo o enorme potencial dos estudos da Terra para tratar de problemas que extrapolam os limites das disciplinas tradicionais, o desenvolvimento das especializações e áreas profissionais das Geociências sob o prisma dos sistemas terrestres representa importante objetivo de formação para estudantes em cursos que contemplem algum componente ambiental. Sobretudo nos campos de atuação profissional da Hidrogeologia, Geologia Urbana e Geologia de Recursos Energéticos, emergem questões complexas que exigem a capacidade de teorizar, resolver problemas e tratar de questões globais, envolvendo fatores naturais, experimentais e sociais.
Diagrama tangente: útil recurso do programa Ester 2.1 para projeção estereográfica em Geologia
Authors: Carneiro Celso Dal Ré , Guimarães Giovanni Amaral , Souza João Paulo da Ponte , Miguel Gisele Francelino 
Published: June 2018

Studies and applied works of structural analysis depend on specialized softwares and resources for 3D modeling. This article presents the results of a research that aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of version 2.1 of the Ester stereographic projection system for Structural Geology. The evaluation of the software involved tests with structural data of different geological contexts, submitted to graphic treatment in packages such as Stereonet, Stereonet9, QuickPlot, Dips, OpenStereo and other softwares accessible at low cost. The study privileged the truly free (open) softwares. One advance was the inclusion of the Tangent Polar Diagram into the Ester package. The tool helps to differentiate, in folded regions, conical folds from cylindrical folds. In the comparative evaluation, it was observed that diagrams produced by Ester 2.1 are similar to those generated by other programs. The advantage relates to resources that are not available in the other softwares analyzed. It is concluded that, in addition to resources heretofore unavailable, the tests showed good functionality. The experience signals new directions in the search for educational alternatives for teaching-learning in Structural Geology.
Critical Reflexivity of Communities on Their Experience to Improve Population Health
Authors: Wendel Monica L. , Garney Whitney R. , Castle Billie F. , Ingram C. Monique 
Published: June 2018

Although community capacity has been prominent in the public health literature for nearly 20 years, the field has only operationalized a few dimensions. An intriguing dimension of capacity is a community’s ability to critically reflect. On the basis of previous research as well as theoretical and practical insights from management and organizational learning literature, we offer a process framework for critical reflexivity practice in community. The framework draws on ideas regarding cognition and agency, praxis, as well as the transformative learning model to conceptualize how reflexivity happens as an emergent community process. The implication is that reflexivity is a community-level process of making meaning of experiences that drive a common narrative. Inclusivity and establishing consensus are paramount, and can be difficult in light of power dynamics and consideration of dissenting voices and different experiences; enlightened self-interest and creating conducive spaces for dialogue are key in this process. Strengthening communities’ ability to gain and employ collective wisdom from their experience will also build their overall capacity for population health improvement.
Revision for Symptomatic Pseudotumor After Primary Metal-on-Polyethylene Total Hip Arthroplasty with a Standard Femoral Stem
Authors: Persson Anders , Eisler Thomas , Bodén Henrik , Krupic Ferid , Sköldenberg Olof , Muren Olav 
Published: June 2018

Background:
Pseudotumor formation following total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a well-known complication mainly associated with metal-on-metal (MoM) bearings and taper corrosion on modular-neck femoral stems. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of revision surgery for symptomatic pseudotumors in a large cohort of patients treated with primary THA with a standard stem and a non-MoM articulation.

Methods:
We included 2,102 patients treated with a total of 2,446 THAs from 1999 until May 2016 in a prospective, observational cohort study. All patients underwent THA with the same uncemented, non-modular-neck femoral stem and metal-on-polyethylene (MoP) (n = 2,409) or ceramic-on-polyethylene (n = 37) articulation. All patients were followed by means of a combination of surgical and medical chart review, follow-up visits, and the Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register. Metal artifact reduction sequence magnetic resonance imaging (MARS MRI) was used for diagnosis of the pseudotumors, and serum metal ion levels and inflammatory marker levels were measured for all patients who underwent a revision due to pseudotumor.

Results:
The prevalence of revision for symptomatic pseudotumor formation was 0.5% (13 cases) at a mean follow-up time of 7 years. The incidence rate was 0.9 case per 1,000 person-years. All 13 revisions were done in patients with an MoP articulation.

Conclusions:
This study demonstrated a 0.5% prevalence of revision due to symptomatic pseudotumor formation in a cohort of patients who underwent THA with a non-MoM construct. Surgeons should be aware that symptomatic pseudotumor formation requiring revision surgery is a tangible complication even after standard MoP THA.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Sustained Preoperative Opioid Use Is a Predictor of Continued Use Following Spine Surgery
Authors: Schoenfeld Andrew J. , Belmont Philip J. , Blucher Justin A. , Jiang Wei , Chaudhary Muhammad Ali , Koehlmoos Tracey , Kang James D. , Haider Adil H. 
Published: June 2018

Background:
Preoperative opioid use is known to increase the likelihood of complications and inferior outcomes following spine surgery. We evaluated the association of preoperative opioid use and other risk factors with postoperative opioid use.

Methods:
We queried 2006-2014 TRICARE insurance claims to identify adults who underwent lumbar interbody arthrodesis, lumbar discectomy, lumbar decompression, or lumbar posterolateral arthrodesis. The duration of preoperative opioid use was categorized as acute exposure, exposed without sustained use, intermediate sustained use, and chronic sustained use. Cox proportional-hazard models that adjusted for demographic factors, preoperative diagnoses, comorbidities, postoperative complications, and the type of procedure performed were used to identify factors associated with a reduced likelihood of opioid discontinuation following the surgical procedure.

Results:
There were 27,031 patients included in this analysis. Following the surgical procedure, 67.1% of patients had discontinued opioid use by 30 days, and 86.4% had ceased use by 90 days. Overall, 2,379 patients (8.8%) continued to use opioid medications at 6 months. Duration of preoperative opioid use, among other demographic and clinical factors, was the most important predictor of continued use following a surgical procedure.

Conclusions:
The majority of patients who were using prescription opioids prior to the surgical procedure discontinued these medications postoperatively. Duration of preoperative use appears to be the most important predictor of sustained use following a surgical procedure.

Clinical Relevance:
Our results indicate that the majority of patients who are using prescription opioids prior to spine surgery discontinue these medications following surgical intervention. Among those who continue opioid use ≥90 days after the surgical procedure, the duration of preoperative use appears to be the most important predictor.
Analysis of Factors Related to the Sex Diversity of Orthopaedic Residency Programs in the United States
Authors: Sobel Andrew D. , Cox Ryan M. , Ashinsky Beth , Eberson Craig P. , Mulcahey Mary K. 
Published: June 2018

Background:
Women are underrepresented as applicants to and trainees of orthopaedic surgery residencies. Factors that attract women to or deter them from orthopaedic surgery have been previously published; however, there has been no analysis of the programs that train high percentages of female residents and the factors that differentiate them from programs that have low percentages of women. The purpose of this study was to identify and compare these factors between programs with high and low percentages of female residents.

Methods:
Information on each orthopaedic surgery residency program listed in the American Medical Association (AMA) Fellowship and Residency Electronic Interactive Database (FREIDA) was collected utilizing residency program web sites, an online survey distributed to residency program coordinators, and a follow-up telephone survey. These included data on resident and faculty demographic characteristics and residency program curriculum structure. The prevalence of factors in programs with the highest percentages of female residents was compared with those with lower percentages.

Results:
Data were obtained from 143 (97.3%) of 147 programs, with 3,406 residents identified. Only 485 residents (14.2%) were female. Programs with more female residents had more female faculty members per program (p = 0.001), a higher percentage of faculty who were female (p < 0.001), more female associate professors (p < 0.001), more women in leadership positions (p < 0.001), and a higher prevalence of women’s sports medicine programs (p = 0.03); were more commonly listed in the Top 40 for National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding (p = 0.03) and U.S. News & World Report rankings (p = 0.02); and were more likely to offer a research year (p = 0.045).

Conclusions:
There are greater percentages of female residents at orthopaedic residency programs with more female faculty members, more women in leadership positions, a women’s sports medicine program, and the option to do a research year. Departmental and national leaders may consider these factors when efforts are undertaken to enhance the recruitment of female applicants and improve female interest in orthopaedic surgery as a specialty.
British Orthopaedic Trainees’ Association (BOTA) Meeting 2017
Authors:   British Orthopaedic Trainees’ Association (BOTA) Committee
Published: June 2018

The British Orthopaedic Trainees’ Association (BOTA) Educational Congress 2017 was held at The Lowry Hotel in Manchester, United Kingdom, from November 15 to 17, 2017; more than 300 orthopaedic trainees attended the meeting.
The podium presentations were judged, and the top 9 abstracts, in no particular order, are published below. “Routine Evening and Weekend Outpatient Clinics for the Pediatric Population: Parents’ and Consultants’ Perspective. Do We Need to Expand This Service?” was the abstract that was judged as the best.
The abstracts were submitted and presented by the corresponding authors; the BOTA Committee did not contribute to the work.