bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combination of High-Calorie Delivery and Organ Failure Increases Mortality Among Patients With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Peterson Sarah J. , McKeever Liam , Lateef Omar B. , Freels Sally , Fantuzzi Giamila , Braunschweig Carol A. 
Published: October 2018

Objectives:Among critically ill patients, the benefits of nutrition support may vary depending on severity of organ dysfunction. The objective of the current article was to explore the relationship between organ failure and calories exposure with hospital mortality during the first week of acute respiratory distress syndrome.Design:Retrospective observational study.Setting:Single-center ICU.Patients:Adults admitted to the ICU with a diagnosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome.Interventions:Calorie delivery from enteral nutrition, parenteral nutrition, propofol, and dextrose containing fluids were collected for 7 days following intubation. Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score was calculated at ICU admit and for the same 7 days to describe organ dysfunction; four different Sequential Organ Failure Assessment variables were created 1) Sequential Organ Failure Assessment at ICU admit, 2) average Sequential Organ Failure Assessment for the first 7 days following intubation, 3) the highest Sequential Organ Failure Assessment for the first 7 days following intubation, and 4) change in Sequential Organ Failure Assessment from intubation to 7 days later.Measurements and Main Results:A total of 298 patients were included. Sequential Organ Failure Assessment at ICU admit, average Sequential Organ Failure Assessment for the first 7 days following intubation, highest Sequential Organ Failure Assessment for the first 7 days following intubation, change in Sequential Organ Failure Assessment from intubation to 7 days later, and calorie delivery the first 7 days following intubation were all associated with increased likelihood of mortality. Compared with patients with low organ failure and low-calorie delivery, those with high-calorie delivery and low organ failure, low-calorie delivery and high organ failure, and the combination of both high organ failure with high-calorie delivery were associated with an incremental increase in the likelihood or mortality.Conclusions:Organ failure appears to modify the relationship between calorie exposure and ICU outcome. Additional research is needed to identify appropriate thresholds for safe calorie exposure with increased organ failure.
Primary Localized Cutaneous Amyloidosis Affecting Female Individuals of a Pakistani Pedigree
Authors: Bhoyrul Bevin , Ng Alicia , Laws Philip M. , Mathew Bipin , Shanmugam Sangeetha 
Published: October 2018

Abstract:
Primary localized cutaneous amyloidosis is a group of rare conditions where amyloid deposition is limited to the skin without systemic manifestations. Most cases are sporadic; however, mutations in the oncostatin M receptor (OSMR) and interleukin-31 receptor A (IL31RA) genes can cause a familial form of the condition in up to 10% of cases. Here, we describe a family in which 8 female individuals are affected by either macular amyloidosis or amyloidosis cutis dyschromica. To the best of our knowledge, a sex-specific expression or the coexistence of 2 different phenotypes of primary localized cutaneous amyloidosis in 1 pedigree has not yet been reported.
Influence of Gestational Age and Working Memory on Math Skills in Children Aged 8 to 9 Years
Authors: Brown Stephanie , Quach Jon , Anderson Peter J. , Mensah Fiona , Roberts Gehan 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT:

Objective:
Prematurity affects children's functioning in domains such as cognitive skills and math skills. However, there is limited research examining math skills as gestational age (GA) increases weekly. We aimed at determining, in a population-based cohort of children aged 8 to 9 years, the association between the GA spectrum and math skills and working memory's (WM's) role in this relationship.

Methods:
Children aged 8 to 9 years in 2014 (n = 1761), from 44 primary schools in a metropolitan city, were recruited through the Memory Maestros study in 2012. GA was measured using the parent report. Math skills were measured using the Wide Range Achievement Test 4 math computation subtest (mean, 100; SD, 15), and WM was measured using 2 subtests of the Automated Working Memory Assessment. The method of analysis was multivariate linear regression, with adjustment for both WM measures and social risk indicators as potential confounders.

Results:
A total of 1168 children (66%) had analyzable data. Compared with children of ≤34-week gestation, there was a mean difference increase of 0.48 in math standard scores per weekly increase in GA (95% confidence interval, 0.11–0.85%; p = 0.01). This equates to a difference of 6.29 (0.42 SD) standard math scores between the ≤34- and ≥42-week group. The relationship was independent of WM.

Conclusion:
Weekly increases in GA beyond 34 weeks are associated with higher mathematics achievement scores for children aged 8 to 9 years, independent of the child's WM. This assists with identification of individuals at risk of poorer math skills.
What Is the Risk of Anal Carcinoma in Patients With Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia III?
Authors: Lee Grace C. , Kunitake Hiroko , Milch Holly , Savitt Lieba R. , Stafford Caitlin E. , Bordeianou Liliana G. , Francone Todd D. , Ricciardi Rocco 
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND:
The risk of anal carcinoma after previous diagnosis of anal intraepithelial neoplasia III is unclear.

OBJECTIVE:
The purpose of this study was to estimate the risk of anal carcinoma in patients with anal intraepithelial neoplasia III and to identify predictors for subsequent malignancy.

DESIGN:
This was a retrospective review using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry (1973–2014).

SETTING:
The study was composed of population-based cancer registries from the United States.

PATIENTS:
Patients who were diagnosed with anal intraepithelial neoplasia III were included.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
The primary outcome was rate of subsequent anal squamous cell carcinoma. Predictors for anal cancer were identified using logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard models.

RESULTS:
A total of 2074 patients with anal intraepithelial neoplasia III were identified and followed for a median time of 4.0 years (interquartile range, 1.8–6.7 y). Of the cohort, 171 patients (8.2%) subsequently developed anal cancer. Median time from anal intraepithelial neoplasia III diagnosis to anal cancer diagnosis was 2.7 years (interquartile range, 1.1–4.5 y). Fifty-two patients (30.4%) who developed anal carcinoma were staged T2 or higher. Ablative therapies for initial anal intraepithelial neoplasia III were associated with a reduction in the risk of anal cancer (OR = 0.3 (95% CI, 0.1–0.7); p = 0.004). Time-to-event analysis revealed that the 5-year incidence of anal carcinoma after anal intraepithelial neoplasia III was 9.5% or ≈1.9% per year.

LIMITATIONS:
The registry did not record HIV status, surveillance schedule, use of high-resolution anoscopy, or provider specialty.

CONCLUSIONS:
In the largest published cohort of patients with anal intraepithelial neoplasia III, ≈10% of patients were projected to develop anal cancer within 5 years. Nearly one third of anal cancers were diagnosed at stage T2 or higher despite a previous diagnosis of anal intraepithelial neoplasia III. Ablative procedures were associated with a decreased risk of cancer. This study highlights the considerable rate of malignancy in patients with anal intraepithelial neoplasia III and the need for effective therapies and surveillance. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/A764.
CHARACTERISTICS AND CLASSIFICATION OF TYPE 3 NEOVASCULARIZATION WITH B-SCAN FLOW OVERLAY AND EN FACE FLOW IMAGES OF OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY
Authors: Kataoka Keiko , Takeuchi Jun , Nakano Yuyako , Fujita Ai , Kaneko Hiroki , Ito Yasuki , Terasaki Hiroko 
Published: October 2018

Purpose:
To study B-scan flow overlay and en face flow optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) images of Type 3 neovascularization (NV) and to characterize a staging system for Type 3 NV based on the OCT-A findings.

Methods:
We retrospectively collected data on consecutive treatment-naive eyes with Type 3 NV. All eyes underwent fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography, structural spectral domain OCT, and OCT-A (AngioPlex). Localization and extension of abnormal flows detected by B-scan flow overlay and en face OCT-A images were assessed.

Results:
Of 24 eyes of 22 patients with Type 3 NV, B-scan flow overlay images showed that 4.2% had telangiectatic flow in the deep retinal layer without outer plexiform layer disruption (Stage 1), 8.3% had downward intraretinal flow and subretinal flow without retinal pigment epithelium disruption (Stage 2), and 87.5% had downward flow and retinal pigment epithelium disruption (Stage 3). Of the Stage 3 eyes, 95.2% showed flow signal penetrating at the site of the retinal pigment epithelium disruption on the B-scan flow overlay images.

Conclusion:
We showed the characteristics of Type 3 NV using B-scan flow overlay and en face OCT-A images. B-scan flow overlay OCT-A images seem useful to improve the detection and accurate diagnosis of Type 3 NV.
Correlates of Endothelial Function in Older Adults With Untreated Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Imes Christopher C. , Baniak Lynn M. , Choi JiYeon , Luyster Faith S. , Morris Jonna L. , Ren Dianxu , Chasens Eileen R. 
Published: October 2018

Background:
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent and consequential sleep disorder in older adults. Untreated moderate to severe OSA substantially increases the risk for hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD), which can be attributed to the accelerated progression of atherosclerosis and endothelial dysfunction.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to identify factors that can function as correlates of endothelial function in older adults with untreated, moderate to severe OSA and CVD or CVD risk factors.

Methods:
A subsample (N = 126) of adults aged 65 years and older from the HeartBEAT study were included in the analyses. Univariate analyses and multiple linear regression models were conducted to establish which demographic and CVD risk factors were the best correlates of endothelial function.

Results:
In the univariate analyses, sex, employment status, body mass index, waist circumference, hip-to-waist ratio, neck circumference, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, calcium channel blocker use, and β-blocker use were associated with endothelial function at a level of P < .10. In the most parsimonious model, male sex (b = −0.305, P < .001), calcium channel blocker use (b = −0.148, P < .019), and body mass index (b = −.014, P < .037) were negatively associated with endothelial function after adjusting for the other covariates.

Conclusions:
The authors identified correlates of endothelial function in older adults with untreated OSA and CVD or CVD risk factors, which are different than the correlates in middle-aged adults with the same conditions.
Rate of Spiral Ganglion Cell Loss in Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Authors: Ungar Omer J. , Handzel Ophir , Santos Felipe 
Published: October 2018

Objective:
To calculate the spiral ganglion neural decay rate among patients diagnosed with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL).

Study Design:
Retrospective.

Setting:
Temporal bone histopathology bank.

Patients:
Subjects diagnosed during life with unrecovered unilateral ISSNHL.

Intervention(s):
Spiral ganglion cell count in the bilateral reconstructed Rosenthal canal.

Main Outcome Measure(s):
Decay rate of spiral ganglion cells.

Results:
Nine patients were enrolled. The average age of ISSNHL diagnosis and death was 52 and 63 years, respectively. The total and segmental SGCC decay shows a temporal dependency. The time lag between the ISSNHL event and death was linearly proportional to the SGCC decay. Subjects who died less than 5 years from diagnosis of ISSNHL had no more than 13% loss of their total SGCC, and no more than 14% of SGCC per Rosenthal canal segment. When a longer period passed from ISSNHL diagnosis to death (19–20 yr), a loss of 16% and 13 to 18% of total and segmental SGCC occurred, respectively.

Conclusions:
SGCC decline from ISSNHL diagnosis through life.
Significance of Endolymphatic Hydrops Herniation Into the Semicircular Canals Detected on MRI
Authors: Sugimoto Satofumi , Yoshida Tadao , Teranishi Masaaki , Kobayashi Masumi , Shimono Mariko , Naganawa Shinji , Sone Michihiko 
Published: October 2018

Objective:
The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between endolymphatic hydrops (EH) and hearing level or vestibular symptoms by focusing on EH herniation into the semicircular canal (SCC).

Study Design:
Retrospective study.

Setting:
University hospital.

Methods:
The study included 1,548 ears of 775 patients who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination in our university hospital to investigate possible EH. MRI was performed 4 hours after intravenous injection of a standard dose of gadodiamide hydrate and/or 24 hours after intratympanic injection of gadopentetate dimeglumine diluted eightfold. The hearing threshold and vestibular symptoms were compared between ears with unilateral and bilateral EH herniation into the SCC and between ears having vestibular EH adjacent to the stapes footplate with or without EH herniation.

Results:
Forty-four ears (19 men and 25 women, mean age 53.6 yr) showed EH herniation into the SCC. The average hearing thresholds at 500 to 4000 Hz and presence of vestibular EH adjacent to the stapes footplate were significantly higher in ears with unilateral herniation than in those with bilateral herniation. The average hearing thresholds at 500 and 1000 Hz were significantly higher in the group of ears having adjacency with herniation than in those without herniation. Vestibular symptoms did not differ significantly between groups.

Conclusion:
Unilateral herniation occurs with EH progression. Bilateral herniation may occur regardless of EH progression and might be influenced by other factors that alter the membranous labyrinth.
Retrospective clinical analysis of 320 cases of microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm
Authors: Li Zhimin , Gao Jun , Wang Tianyu , Li Yongning 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
To investigate effects of microvascular decompression (MVD) surgical treatment on hemifacial spasm.
A retrospective analysis of 320 adult patients (95 male cases, 29.7% and 225 female cases, 70.3%) with hemifacial spasm treated by surgery was conducted between February 2007 to June 2016, with an average age of 49.3 years and average disease course of 4.9 years. All the 320 cases of patients received MVD. After surgery, all patients were followed up for an average of 2.3 years. Surgical effects were evaluated based on the patients’ symptoms and signs. As this is just a retrospective study that does not involve any interventions, ethical approval was not necessary according to the rules of the hospital.
All patients were followed up, no death occurred. Symptom was completely disappeared in 241 cases (75.3%), 50 cases (15.6%) improved; the total effective rate of surgery was 90.9%. No obvious changes of hemifacial spasm were happened in 29 cases (9.1%). There was no deteriorated case.
MVD is one of the preferred treatments of hemifacial spasm, the intraoperative electrophysiological monitoring of abnormal muscle response signals contributes to the determination of responsible vessels and fully understanding of delayed resolution is helpful to the accuracy of surgical evaluation.
Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the pancreas with effective comprehensive treatment
Authors: Zhang Ge , Cheng Zhu-zhong , Xu Guo-hui , Jiang Xiao , Wang Xiao-xiong , Wang Qi-feng 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Rationale:
Primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the pancreas is a rare entity since the pancreas lacks squamous cells. This condition is associated with a poor prognosis, and there is currently no optimal treatment strategy for it.

Patient concerns:
A 64-year-old female patient with a complaint of epigastric pain for 3 months was referred to our hospital.

Diagnoses:
She was finally diagnosed with primary SCC of the pancreas with lymph node metastasis on the basis of radiological and pathological findings.

Interventions:
She received chemoradiation along with targeted therapy and was provided with treatment response evaluation through PET/CT.

Outcomes:
She eventually died of tumor progression after 8 months.

Lessons:
Primary SCC of the pancreas is associated with a poor prognosis. Comprehensive therapy and proper radiologic evaluation may facilitate prolonged survival of these patients.
The effectiveness of anticancer traditional Korean medicine treatment on the survival in patients with lung, breast, gastric, colorectal, hepatic, uterine, or ovarian cancer
Authors: Bae Kyeore , Kim Eunseok , Choi Jeong June , Kim Mi Kyung , Yoo Hwa-Seung 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Although anticancer traditional Korean medicine treatment (ACTKMT) is widely applied to patients with cancer together with, or in place of, conventional cancer treatment in Korea, the cohort evidence on its clinical effects is lacking. Therefore, this prospective cohort study is designed to evaluate the effect of ACTKMT on the survival and the clinical outcomes for patients being treated at an integrative oncology clinic.
This is a single center, prospective cohort study of patients within 1 year after the diagnosis of primary lung, breast, gastric, colorectal, hepatic, uterine, or ovarian cancer. The event-free survival, disease-free survival/progression-free survival, the overall survival, the results of blood tests, and telomere-length information will be compared between patients receiving and patients not receiving a key ACTKMT (HangAmDan-B1, Geonchil-jung, and/or cultivated wild ginseng pharmacopuncture), and the correlation between the use of the key ACTKMT and the prognosis will be identified considering other risk factors.
This study has received ethical approval from the Institutional Review Board, Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University (No. DJDSKH-16-BM-09). The results of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.
Clinical Research Information Service: KCT0002160.
Levodopa-induced respiratory dysfunction confirmed by levodopa challenge test
Authors: Ko Pan-Woo , Kang Kyunghun , Lee Ho-Won 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Introduction:
Parkinson disease is associated with various nonmotor symptoms, including rare respiratory dysfunction events. However, patients with Parkinson disease often have comorbid medical problems, such as respiratory distress, and differentiating nonmotor symptoms can be difficult.

Case presentation:
A 78-year-old male presented with repetitive shortness of breath. He was diagnosed with Parkinson disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) several years prior. His symptoms were ambiguous between acute COPD exacerbation and levodopa-related nonmotor symptoms of Parkinson disease. To clarify the underlying cause, we performed the levodopa challenge test. After the patient complained of dyspnea following levodopa administration, levodopa-induced respiratory dysfunction was diagnosed. After adjusting antiparkinson medication, the patient's respiratory symptoms gradually improved.

Conclusion:
Respiratory dysfunction as a nonmotor symptom of Parkinson disease can be caused by levodopa medication. To determine whether the symptoms are induced by levodopa, the levodopa challenge test may be useful in clarifying symptoms related to antiparkinson medication.
The relationship between adenoid hypertrophy and gastroesophageal reflux disease
Authors: Niu Xun , Wu Zeng-Hong , Xiao Xi-Yue , Chen Xiong 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Background:
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is believed to be associated with various manifestations in the otorhinolaryngology and has been found to be an additional risk factor for adenoid hypertrophy, but the causal relation between them is under controversial. We thus performed a meta-analysis to grade the strength of evidence and systematically explore whether adenoid hypertrophy correlates with GERD in the literature.

Methods:
A systematic literature search was performed using Medline via PubMed, Embase, CNKI, and Web of Science. Studies reporting the adenoid hypertrophy and GERD were identified for inclusion.

Results:
There were 6 studies that matched the selection criteria, and the total sample size of these studies was 548 cases. We identified a significant relationship between adenoid hypertrophy and GERD, with a pooled odds ratio of 4.12 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.32–12.93; P < .001). The results was significant in 24-hour pH monitoring subgroup analysis, with a corresponding value of 8.62 (95% CI: 4.06–18.27, P > .05) under the fixed-effects model. And the results was significant in Helicobacter pylori subgroup analysis, with a corresponding value of 2.39 (95% CI: 0.39–14.55, P < .05) under the random-effects model. Begg tests (P = .73) and Egger tests (P = .76) showed there were no obvious evidence to support publication bias in our study.

Conclusion:
This meta-analysis provided a strong correlation between adenoid hypertrophy and GERD, the children with adenoid hypertrophy had a higher incidence of GERD than healthy children, but the pathogenesis of GERD in adenoid hypertrophy awaits more investigations and suggests that we should not overlook GERD in clinical practice and an appropriate evaluation for GERD may be needed.
The effect and safety of dexmedetomidine added to ropivacaine in brachial plexus block
Authors: Dai Wei , Tang Maocai , He Kaihua 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Background:
Dexmedetomidine has been used as an adjuvanty added to local anesthetics to prolong analgesia following peripheral nerve blockade. The aim of this meta-analysis was to investigate the effect and safety of dexmedetomidine added to ropivacaine in brachial plexus block (BPB).

Methods:
A search strategy was created to identify eligible randomized clinical trial (RCT) in PubMed, Embase, and The Cochrane Library (updated May, 2018). The methodologic quality for each included study was evaluated using the Cochrane Tool for Risk of Bias by 2 independent researchers.

Results:
Twelve RCTs were included in the meta-analysis (n = 671). As an adjuvant to ropivacaine, dexmedetomidine significantly reduced the onset time of sensory (mean difference [MD], −3.86 minutes, 95% CI −5.45 to −2.27 minutes; I
2 = 85%) and motor (MD, −5.21 minutes; 95% CI −7.48 to −2.94 minutes; I
2 = 94%). In addition, it increased the blockade duration of sensory (MD, 228.70 minutes; 95% CI 187.87–269.52 minutes; I
2 = 93%) and motor (MD, 191.70 minutes; 95% CI 152.48–230.91 minutes; I
2 = 92%). Moreover, the combination prolonged the duration of analgesia (MD, 303.04 minutes; 95% CI 228.84–377.24 minutes; I
2 = 86%). There was no difference of the incidence of bradycardia (risk difference [RD], 0.01, 95% CI −0.02 to 0.05, I
2 = 45%; P = .45) and hypotension (RD, 0.01, 95% CI −0.01 to 0.03, I
2 = 0%; P = .57) between 2 groups.

Conclusion:
Dexmedetomidine added to ropivacaine in BPB has a better analgesia effect (shorter onset time and longer duration) compared to ropivacaine alone. At the same time, there was no difference in the incidence of bradycardia and hypotension.