bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treating disorganized attachment in the Group Attachment‐Based Intervention (GABI©): A case study
Authors: Knafo Hannah , Murphy Anne , Steele Howard , Steele Miriam 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis paper describes the treatment of a mother and child who demonstrated disorganized attachment behaviors in their interactions with one another. The mother, who was diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder, felt incapable of managing her aggressive toddler and his emotional needs. The dyad was referred for therapy due to concerns about his developmental progress, evident delays having been mainly attributed to the problems observed within the parent–child relationship. The primary intervention applied to working with the dyad was the Group Attachment‐Based Intervention (GABI©), developed by Anne Murphy in collaboration with Miriam Steele and Howard Steele. The mother also received individual psychotherapy as a supplement to the dyadic and group work of GABI©. The process and outcome of this comprehensive approach to treating a vulnerable dyad is explored in this case study.
Effects of knockout of the receptor for advanced glycation end‐products on bone mineral density and synovitis in mice with intra‐articular fractures
Authors: Seol Dongrim , Tochigi Yuki , Bogner Ashley M. , Song Ino , Fredericks Douglas C. , Kurriger Gail L. , Smith Sonja M. , Goetz Jessica E. , Buckwalter Joseph A. , Martin James A. 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTOur group employed the mouse closed intra‐articular fracture (IAF) model to test the hypothesis that the innate immune system plays a role in initiating synovitis and post‐traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) in fractured joints. A transgenic strategy featuring knockout of the receptor for advanced glycation end‐products (RAGE −/−) was pursued. The 42 and 84 mJ impacts used to create fractures were in the range previously reported to cause PTOA at 60 days post‐fracture. MicroCT (μCT) was used to assess fracture patterns and epiphyseal and metaphyseal bone loss at 30 and 60 days post‐fracture. Cartilage degeneration, synovitis, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP‐3, ‐13) expression were evaluated by histologic analyses. In wild‐type mice, μCT imaging showed that 84 mJ impacts led to significant bone loss at 30 days (p < 0.05), but recovered to normal at 60 days. Bone losses did not occur in RAGE−/− mice. Synovitis was significantly elevated in 84 mJ impact wild‐type mice at both endpoints (30 day, p = 0.001; 60 day, p = 0.05), whereas in RAGE−/− mice synovitis was elevated only at 30 days (p = 0.02). Mankin scores were slightly elevated in both mouse strains at 30 days, but not at 60 days. Immunohistochemistry revealed significant fracture‐related increases in MMP‐3 and −13 expression at 30 days (p < 0.05), with no significant difference between genotypes. These findings indicated that while RAGE −/− accelerated recovery from fracture and diminished synovitis, arthritic changes were temporary and too modest to detect an effect on the pathogenesis of PTOA. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:2439–2449, 2018.
Quantitative MRI correlates with histological grade in a percutaneous needle injury mouse model of disc degeneration
Authors: Piazza Matthew , Peck Sun H. , Gullbrand Sarah E. , Bendigo Justin R. , Arginteanu Toren , Zhang Yejia , Smith Harvey E. , Malhotra Neil R. , Smith Lachlan J. 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTLow back pain due to disc degeneration is a major cause of morbidity and health care expenditures worldwide. While stem cell‐based therapies hold promise for disc regeneration, there is an urgent need to develop improved in vivo animal models to further develop and validate these potential treatments. The objectives of this study were to characterize a percutaneous needle injury model of intervertebral disc degeneration in the mouse caudal spine, and compare two non‐invasive quantitative imaging techniques, microcomputed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), as effective measures of disc degeneration in this model. Percutaneous needle injury of mouse caudal discs was undertaken using different needle sizes and injury types (unilateral or bilateral annulus fibrosus (AF) puncture). Mice were euthanized 4 weeks post‐injury, and MRI and microcomputed tomography were used to determine T2 relaxation time of the NP and disc height index, respectively. Disc condition was then further assessed using semi‐quantitative histological grading. Bilateral AF puncture with either 27 or 29G needles resulted in significantly lower T2 relaxation times compared to uninjured controls, while disc height index was not significantly affected by any injury type. There was a strong, inverse linear relationship between histological grade and NP T2 relaxation time. In this study, we demonstrated that quantitative MRI can detect disc degeneration in the mouse caudal spine 4 weeks following percutaneous needle injury, and may therefore serve as a surrogate for histology in longitudinal studies of both disc degeneration and cell‐based therapies for disc regeneration using this model. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:2771–2779, 2018.
Paravertebral injection of botulinum toxin‐A reduces lumbar vertebral bone quality
Authors: Wang Xuepeng , Wang Shengjie , Yan Peng , Bian Zhenyu , Li Maoqiang , Hou Changju , Tian Jiwei , Zhu Liulong 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTAging has been associated with decreases in muscle strength and bone quality. In older patients, paravertebral muscle atrophy tends to coincide with vertebral osteoporosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a paravertebral injection of botulinum toxin‐A (BTX) on paravertebral muscle atrophy and lumbar vertebral bone quality. Forty 16‐week‐old female SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: (1) a control group (CNT); (2) a resection of erector spinae muscles group (RESM); (3) a botulinum toxin‐A group (BTX), treated with 5U BTX by local injection into the paravertebral muscles bilaterally; and (4) a positive control group (OVX), treated by bilateral ovariectomy. Rats were sacrificed at 12 weeks post‐surgery, and the lumbar vertebrae (L3–L6) were collected. Micro‐CT scans showed that rats in the three experimental groups—particularly the OVX rats—had fewer trabeculae and trabecular connections than rats in the CNT group. BMD was significantly lower in rats in the OVX, RESM, and BTX groups than in the CNT group (p < 0.01). Vertebral compression testing revealed significantly lower maximum load, energy absorption, maximum stress, and elastic modulus values in the three experimental groups compared with the CNT group (p < 0.01); these parameters were lowest in the OVX group (p < 0.05). Our results demonstrate that local BTX injection causes sufficient muscle atrophy and dysfunction to result in local lumbar vertebral bone loss and quality deterioration in a model of paravertebral muscle atrophy. Clinical Significance: The muscular tissues surrounding the lumbar vertebrae should be preserved during clinical surgery to avoid loss of bone quality and mass in the adjacent bone. Maintaining paravertebral muscle strength is an important consideration for patients with early osteoporosis. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:2664–2670, 2018.
Regenerative medicine will make orthopaedic implants obsolete in our time Orthopaedic Research Society first annual meeting debate, San Diego, March 21st, 2017
Authors: Johnstone Brian , Jacobs Joshua J. , Sandell Linda J. , Wilkinson Jeremy M. 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTThe mission of the Orthopaedic Research Society is to promote and advance musculoskeletal research worldwide. With this in mind, the Annual Meeting Program Committee sought to establish a debate as a key component of the meeting. Our purpose was to provoke discussion on topics that are core to our mission and to engage all constituencies within the society by examining questions of broad relevance. To this end, the topic “Regenerative medicine will make orthopaedic implants obsolete in our time” was selected as the title of the inaugural debate. The arguments for and against the motion are presented in this perspectives article. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:2579–2585, 2018
Fabrication of thioflavin‐T‐modified nanopillared SERS substrates for ultrasensitive beta‐amyloid peptide detection
Authors: Altuntas Sevde , Buyukserin Fatih 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAlzheimer disease (AD) is a major cause of death in the world, and despite intense efforts, there is still no cure for this neurodegenerative disorder. Therefore, early diagnosis of AD is of prime importance, and extensive studies are being conducted to improve the current early detection capabilities and to identify new potential biomarkers for this disease. Here in, we report the fabrication of a novel nanobiosensor platform for the surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)‐based ultrasentisitive detection of beta‐amyloid (1–42) peptide (Aβ[1–42]), a well‐established biomarker of AD. Polymeric films having multibranched nanopillared surfaces (MNS) were first fabricated by drop‐casting polycarbonate solutions onto anodized aluminum oxide molds that possess hierarchically branched pores. After peeling from the nanoporous molds, a 20‐nm Au coating allowed these MNS substrates to sense sub‐picomolar levels of Thioflavin‐T (ThT), a SERS‐active dye, clinically used to diagnose amyloid plaque presence. Of particular interest, the ThT‐modified MNS films demonstrated a gradual ThT SERS signal suppression when incubated with increasing concentrations of Aβ(1–42), and this trend was used to obtain a limit of detection value of 0.5 pg/ml and a linear dynamic range between 0.5 pg/ml and 100 ng/ml. The developed biosensor platform has stable ThT SERS signals for extended periods and displayed promising results in artificial saliva. Ongoing studies are focused on its potential with real body fluids.
Marine macroalgae as sources of protein and bioactive compounds in feed for monogastric animals
Authors: Øverland Margareth , Mydland Liv T , Skrede Anders 
Published: May 2018

AbstractMarine macroalgae are considered as promising sustainable alternatives to conventional terrestrial animal feed resources. The advantages include high growth rate, potential cultivation in saltwater, and no occupation of arable land. Macroalgae are broadly classified as brown (Phaeophyta), red (Rhodophyta) and green (Chlorophyta) algae, and are a diverse group of marine organisms. The nutritional value of macroalgae is highly variable. The protein and essential amino acid content can be low, especially in brown species, and indigestible polysaccharides adversely affect the energy value. Optimal use of macroalgae in feeds requires suitable processing, and biorefinery approaches may increase protein content and improve nutrient availability. Macroalgae are rich in unique bioactive components and there is a growing interest in the potentially beneficial health effects of compounds such as laminarin and fucoidan in different macroalgal and macroalgal products. This review summarizes current literature on different aspects of the use of macroalgae as sources of protein and health‐promoting bioactive compounds in feed for monogastric animal species. © 2018 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Egg proteins: fractionation, bioactive peptides and allergenicity
Authors: Chang Chang , Lahti Todd , Tanaka Takuji , Nickerson Michael T 
Published: May 2018

AbstractEggs are an important source of macro and micronutrients within the diet, comprised of proteins, lipids, vitamins, and minerals. They are constituted by a shell, the white (containing 110 g kg−1 proteins: ovalbumin, ovotransferrin, ovomucoid, lysozyme and ovomucin), and the yolk (containing 150–170 g kg−1 proteins: lipovitellins, phosvitin, livetins, and low‐density lipoproteins). Owing to their nutritional value and biological characteristics, both the egg white and yolk proteins are extensively fractionated using different techniques (e.g., liquid chromatography, ultrafiltration, electrophoresis, and chemical precipitation), in which liquid chromatography is the most commonly used technique to obtain individual proteins with high protein recovery and purity to develop novel food products. However, concerns over allergenic responses induced by certain egg proteins (e.g., ovomucoid, ovalbumin, ovotransferrin, lysozyme, α‐livetin, and lipoprotein YGP42) limit their widespread use. As such, processing technologies (e.g., thermal processing, enzymatic hydrolysis, and high‐pressure treatment) are investigated to reduce the allergenicity by conformational changes. In addition, biological activities (e.g., antioxidant, antimicrobial, antihypertensive, and anticancer activities) associated with egg peptides have received more attention, in which enzyme hydrolysis is demonstrated as a promising way to break polypeptides sequences and produce bioactive peptides to provide nutritional and therapeutic benefits for human health. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Photoluminescent Grafted Polymers: Synthesis and Properties of a Polyethylene Matrix Covalently Linked with Porphyrin Units
Authors: Rojas‐Montoya Sandra M. , Vonlanthen Mireille , Ruiu Andrea , Rodríguez‐Alba Efraín , Burillo Guillermina , Rivera Ernesto 
Published: May 2018

AbstractNovel grafted polymers are prepared from commercial low‐density polyethylene (PE) films. First, precursor polymers are synthesized by reacting PE in the presence of acryloyl chloride, using gamma radiation at different radiation doses, to give precursor grafted polymers (PE‐g‐AC). A further esterification reaction between the PE‐g‐AC polymers with a new porphyrin derivative bearing a tetraethylene glycol side chain leads to the formation of novel grafted polymers containing porphyrin units (PE‐g‐AC‐PTEG). These polymers are characterized by Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and their thermal behavior is studied by thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The optical properties of the polymers are studied by absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. In addition, the influence of the irradiation dose on the structure and the optical properties of the polymers is discussed in detail.
Subtle Alterations in DNA Methylation Patterns in Normal Cells in Response to Dietary Stilbenoids
Authors: Beetch Megan , Lubecka Katarzyna , Kristofzski Heather , Suderman Matthew , Stefanska Barbara 
Published: May 2018

ScopeSearching for correlations between dietary polyphenols and risk of chronic diseases has been a challenge due to the lack of quantitative evaluation methods of long‐term exposure. We previously observed substantial DNA methylation changes in human cancer cells upon treatment with polyphenols of the stilbenoid class. When induced in normal cells, such molecular changes may persist and reflect chronic exposure.Methods and resultsIllumina 450K microarray is used to delineate a genome wide DNA methylation landscape in MCF10A human immortalized mammary epithelial cells exposed to resveratrol (RSV) at noncytotoxic 15 μM dose for 9 days. Subtle alterations are observed suggesting remodeling of DNA methylation patterns rather than switch on/off changes. Using pyrosequencing, DNA methylation is quantitatively measured at eight CpG sites located within KCNJ4, RNF169, BCHE, DAOA, HOXA9, RUNX3, KRTAP2‐1, and TAGAP, upon exposure to RSV or pterostilbene and shows similar differences induced by both stilbenoids. Two of the probes, Runx3 and Kcnj4, are successfully verified in whole blood DNA from healthy rats on diets supplemented with stilbenoids.ConclusionsThe study provides strong support for testing the utility of polyphenol‐mediated changes in DNA methylation as quantitative measures of long‐term dietary exposures in nutritional epidemiology and clinical trials.
A density field parametrization for topology optimization using Bernstein elements
Authors: Lambe Andrew B. , Czekanski Aleksander 
Published: May 2018

SummaryA new way of describing the density field in density‐based topology optimization is introduced. The new method uses finite elements constructed from Bernstein polynomials rather than the more common Lagrange polynomials. Use of the Bernstein finite elements allows higher‐order elements to be used in the density‐field interpolation without producing unrealistic density values, ie, values lower than zero or higher than one. Results on several test problems indicate that using the higher‐order Bernstein elements produces optimal designs with sharper estimates of the optimal boundary on coarse design meshes. However, higher‐order elements are also required in the structural analysis to prevent the appearance of unrealistic material distributions. The Bernstein element density interpolation can be combined with adaptive mesh refinement to further improve design accuracy even on design domains with complex geometry.
An accurate and stable multiphase moving particle semi‐implicit method based on a corrective matrix for all particle interaction models
Authors: Duan Guangtao , Koshizuka Seiichi , Yamaji Akifumi , Chen Bin , Li Xin , Tamai Tasuku 
Published: May 2018

SummaryThe Lagrangian moving particle semi‐implicit (MPS) method has potential to simulate free‐surface and multiphase flows. However, the chaotic distribution of particles can decrease accuracy and reliability in the conventional MPS method. In this study, a new Laplacian model is proposed by removing the errors associated with first‐order partial derivatives based on a corrected matrix. Therefore, a corrective matrix is applied to all the MPS discretization models to enhance computational accuracy. Then, the developed corrected models are coupled into our previous multiphase MPS methods. Separate stabilizing strategies are developed for internal and free‐surface particles. Specifically, particle shifting is applied to internal particles. Meanwhile, a conservative pressure gradient model and a modified optimized particle shifting scheme are applied to free‐surface particles to produce the required adjustments in surface normal and tangent directions, respectively. The simulations of a multifluid pressure oscillation flow and a bubble rising flow demonstrate the accuracy improvements of the corrective matrix. The elliptical drop deformation demonstrates the stability/accuracy improvement of the present stabilizing strategies at free surface. Finally, a turbulent multiphase flow with complicated interface fragmentation and coalescence is simulated to demonstrate the capability of the developed method.
Both serum and tissue Galectin‐1 levels are associated with adverse clinical features in neuroblastoma
Authors: Chen Kai , Cai Yuanxia , Zhang Min , Wu Zhixiang , Wu Yeming 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundNeuroblastoma is one of the most common pediatric solid tumors. Although the 5‐year overall survival rate has increased over the past few decades, high‐risk patients still have a poor prognosis due to a lack of biomonitoring therapy. This study was performed to investigate the role of Galectin‐1 in neuroblastoma biomonitoring therapy.ProcedureA tissue microarray containing 37 neuroblastoma tissue samples was used to evaluate the correlation between Galectin‐1 expression and clinical features. Blood samples were examined to better understand whether serum Galectin‐1 (sGalectin‐1) could be used for biomonitoring therapy. Kaplan–Meier analysis and ROC analysis was conducted to distinguish the outcome associated with high or low expression of Galectin‐1 in patients with neuroblastoma.ResultsIncreased Galectin‐1 expression was found in neuroblastoma and it was further demonstrated that elevated tissue Galectin‐1 expression was related to INSS stage, histology, bone marrow metastasis, and poor survival. sGalectin‐1 levels were higher in newly diagnosed patients with neuroblastoma than healthy subjects. Patients with elevated sGalectin‐1 through treatment cycles correlated with the poor chemo‐responses and tended to have worse outcomes, such as metastasis or stable tumor size, whereas gradually decreasing sGalectin‐1 levels correlated with no observed progression in clinical symptoms.ConclusionsTissue and serum Galectin‐1 levels were associated with adverse clinical features in patients with neuroblastoma, and sGalectin‐1 could be a potential biomarker for monitoring therapy.
Burnout in pediatric hematology/oncology—time to address the elephant by name
Authors: Whitford Brittney , Nadel Amy L. , Fish Jonathan D. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe last decade has brought increasing recognition that the wellness of health care providers has an impact on the quality of care, patient satisfaction, and health care economics. This review will describe models of burnout, discuss the impact of burnout on medicine with a focus on pediatric hematologists/oncologists, and present interventions that may help ameliorate physician burnout.
Sudden spinal hemorrhage in a pediatric case with total body irradiation‐induced cavernous hemangioma
Authors: Mikami Takashi , Kato Itaru , Nozaki Fumihito , Umeda Katsutsugu , Kamitori Tatsuya , Tasaka Keiji , Ogata Hideto , Hiramatsu Hidefumi , Arakawa Yoshiki , Adachi Souichi 
Published: May 2018

AbstractCompared to cerebral radiation‐induced cavernous hemangiomas (RICHs), little is known about intraspinal RICHs. A 13‐year‐old male suddenly developed symptomatic spinal hemorrhage eight years after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation using a total body irradiation (TBI) based myeloablative regimen. A solitary small hemangioma was detected on follow‐up T2 star weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the spine. His neurological symptoms gradually improved with supportive treatment and rehabilitation, although he experienced rebleeding 2 years later. Intraspinal RICH is very rare but should be recognized as a possible late adverse effect in pediatric patients who received TBI.
Annual stroke incidence in Nigerian children with sickle cell disease and elevated TCD velocities treated with hydroxyurea
Authors: Lagunju IkeOluwa , Brown B.J. , Oyinlade A.O. , Asinobi A. , Ibeh J. , Esione A. , Sodeinde O.O. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundElevated transcranial Doppler (TCD) velocities accurately predict stroke risk in children with sickle cell disease (SCD). Chronic blood transfusion, the gold standard for primary stroke prevention, is faced with numerous challenges in Africa. Hydroxyurea (HU) has been shown to reduce elevated TCD velocities in children with SCD.AimTo determine the effectiveness of HU in reducing the risk of primary stroke in a cohort of Nigerian children with SCD and elevated velocities treated with HU.MethodsChildren with SCD and TCD velocities ≥170 cm/sec treated with HU were prospectively followed with 3‐monthly TCD and neurological evaluations for ≥12 months to determine the incidence of primary stroke.ResultsOne hundred and four children, 53 males, and 51 females were enrolled into the study. Their ages ranged from 2 to 16 years with a mean of 6 years. At first TCD examination, velocities ranged from 173 to 260 cm/sec with conditional and abnormal risk velocities in 60 (57.7%) and 44 (42.3%) children, respectively. Follow up ranged from 1 to 8 years with a mean of 3.6 years. Mean TCD velocities showed a significant decline from 198.2 (standard deviation [SD] = 15.6) cm/sec to 169.3 (SD = 21.4) cm/sec (P < 0.001). One stroke event occurred in the cohort, giving a stroke incidence of 0.27/100 person years.ConclusionHU significantly reduces TCD velocities in Nigerian children with SCD and elevated TCD velocities, with a corresponding reduction in the incidence of primary stroke. HU may represent a potential alternative for primary stroke prevention in low and middle income countries where the burden of SCD resides.