bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential role for Streptococcus gordonii‐derived hydrogen peroxide in heme acquisition by Porphyromonas gingivalis
Authors: Brown J.L. , Yates E.A. , Bielecki M. , Olczak T. , Smalley J.W. 
Published: May 2018

SummaryStreptococcus gordonii, an accessory pathogen and early colonizer of plaque, co‐aggregates with many oral species including Porphyromonas gingivalis. It causes α‐hemolysis on blood agar, a process mediated by H2O2 and thought to involve concomitant oxidation of hemoglobin (Hb). Porphyromonas gingivalis has a growth requirement for heme, which is acquired mainly from Hb. The paradigm for Hb heme acquisition involves the initial oxidation of oxyhemoglobin (oxyHb) to methemoglobin (metHb), followed by heme release and extraction through the actions of K‐gingipain protease and/or the HmuY hemophore‐like protein. The ability of S. gordonii to mediate Hb oxidation may potentially aid heme capture during co‐aggregation with P. gingivalis. Hemoglobin derived from zones of S. gordonii α‐hemolysis was found to be metHb. Generation of metHb from oxyHb by S. gordonii cells was inhibited by catalase, and correlated with levels of cellular H2O2 production. Generation of metHb by S. gordonii occurred through the higher Hb oxidation state of ferrylhemoglobin. Heme complexation by the P. gingivalis HmuY was employed as a measure of the ease of heme capture from metHb. HmuY was able to extract iron(III)protoporphyrin IX from metHb derived from zones of S. gordonii α‐hemolysis and from metHb generated by the action of S. gordonii cells on isolated oxyHb. The rate of HmuY‐Fe(III)heme complex formation from S. gordonii‐mediated metHb was greater than from an equivalent concentration of auto‐oxidized metHb. It is concluded that S. gordonii may potentially aid heme acquisition by P. gingivalis by facilitating metHb formation in the presence of oxyHb.
Aragonite–calcite veins of the ‘Erzberg’ iron ore deposit (Austria): Environmental implications from young fractures
Authors: Boch Ronny , Wang Xianfeng , Kluge Tobias , Leis Albrecht , Lin Ke , Pluch Hannes , Mittermayr Florian , Baldermann Andre , Böttcher Michael E. , Dietzel Martin 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe well‐known Erzberg site represents the largest siderite (FeCO3) deposit in the world. It consists of various carbonates accounting for the formation of prominent CaCO3 (dominantly aragonite) precipitates filling vertical fractures of different width (centimetres to decimetres) and length (tens of metres). These commonly laminated precipitates are known as ‘erzbergite’. This study focuses on the growth dynamics and environmental dependencies of these vein fillings. Samples recovered on‐site and from mineral collections were analyzed, and these analyses were further complemented by modern water analyses from different Erzberg sections. Isotopic signatures support meteoric water infiltration and sulphide oxidation as the principal hydrogeochemical mechanism of (Ca, Mg and Fe) carbonate host rock dissolution, mobilization and vein mineralization. Clumped isotope measurements revealed cool formation temperatures of ca 0 to 10°C for the aragonite, i.e. reflecting the elevated altitude Alpine setting, but unexpectedly low for aragonite nucleation. The 238U–234U–230Th dating yielded ages from 285·1 ± 3·9 to 1·03 ± 0·04 kyr bp and all samples collected on‐site formed after the Last Glacial Maximum. The observed CaCO3 polymorphism is primarily controlled by the high aqueous Mg/Ca ratios resulting from dissolution of Mg‐rich host rocks, with Mg/Ca further evolving during prior CaCO3 precipitation and CO2 outgassing in the fissured aquifer. Aragonite represents the ‘normal’ mode of erzbergite formation and most of the calcite is of diagenetic (replacing aragonite) origin. The characteristic lamination (millimetre‐scale) is an original growth feature and mostly associated with the deposition of stained (Fe‐rich) detrital particle layers. Broader zonations (centimetre‐scale) are commonly of diagenetic origin. Petrographic observations and radiometric dating support an irregular nature for most of the layering. Open fractures resulting from fault tectonics or gravitational mass movements provide water flow routes and fresh chemical reaction surfaces of the host rock carbonates and accessory sulphides. If these prerequisites are considered, including the hydrogeochemical mechanism, modern water compositions, young U‐Th ages and calculated precipitation rates, it seems unlikely that the fractures had stayed open over extended time intervals. Therefore, it is most likely that they are geologically young.
Acute blood transfusion reactions in a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan ‐ an initiative towards haemovigilance
Authors: Borhany M. , Anwar N. , Tariq H. , Fatima N. , Arshad A. , Naseer I. , Shamsi T. 
Published: May 2018

SUMMARYObjectiveIn this study, we report acute blood transfusion reactions at our hospital, compare our analysis with the reported data and identify areas for improvement.BackgroundHaemovigilance programmes have been implemented in many countries, and adverse events associated with blood transfusion are published in their annual reports. Pakistan has no current established programme.Material and MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted, and all adverse reactions reported to the blood bank from January 2014 to March 2016 were included. An adverse response in the patient, related to administration of blood (within 24 h), was considered an immediate transfusion reaction.ResultsDuring the study period, 20 956 blood components were issued. A total of 32 (0·15%) adverse reactions were documented. Allergic reactions were the most common adverse event observed in 15 (46·8%) of the cases. Febrile non‐haemolytic transfusion reaction (FNHTR) was the second most common reaction seen in nine (28%) followed by bacterial contamination in four (12·5%) and acute haemolytic reaction in two (6·2%) of the cases.ConclusionThe low incidence indicates underreporting and the need for a formal haemovigilance system. International benchmarking between different medical systems is helpful to identify areas in the transfusion process that have to be changed to improve transfusion safety.
First Complete Genome Sequence of a Distinct Papaya Ringspot Virus Isolate from the Northeastern Region of India
Authors: Mishra Ritesh , Patil Basavaprabhu L. 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT

This is the first report of a
Papaya ringspot virus
(PRSV) isolate from the northeastern region of India. The nucleotide sequence identity of PRSV-Meghalaya was in the range of 72.6 to 82.5% with other Indian PRSV isolates, and the highest identity of 84.4% was with a French isolate. Population genetic analysis indicated positive selection.
Draft Genome Sequence of Bacillus urumqiensis BZ-SZ-XJ18
T
, a Moderately Haloalkaliphilic Bacterium Isolated from a Saline-Alkaline Lake
Authors: Liao Ziya , Ren Chao , Guo Xiaomeng , Yan Yanchun , Li Jun , Zhao Baisuo 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT

The moderately haloalkaliphilic bacterium
Bacillus urumqiensis
BZ-SZ-XJ18
T
was isolated from a saline-alkaline lake located in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China. Optimum growth occurred at the total Na
+
concentration of 1.08 M, with a broad optimum pH of 8.5 to 9.5. The draft genome consists of approximately 3.28 Mb and contains 3,228 predicted genes. A number of genes associated with adaptation strategies for osmotic balance and alkaline pH homeostasis were identified, providing pertinent insight into specific adaptations to the double-extreme environment.
Draft Genome Sequence of
n
-Alkane-Utilizing Acinetobacter sp. Strain BS1, Isolated from Ethane Oxidation Culture
Authors: Yan Yong-Wei , Zhang Pan-Pan , Zhu Ting , Quan Zhe-Xue 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the draft whole-genome sequence of a bacterial strain,
Acinetobacter
sp. strain BS1, isolated from black soil during ethane oxidation culture. Medium- or long-chain alkane oxidation-related genes were identified; however, the short-chain alkane monooxygenase was not detected.
Complete Genome Sequences of Four Bovine Coronavirus Isolates from Pennsylvania
Authors: Byukusenge Maurice , Nissly Ruth Helmus , Kasibhatla Sunitha Manjari , Li Lingling , Russell Rebekah , Springer Hayley , Barry Rhiannon , Van Saun Robert , Wolfgang David , Hovingh Ernest , Kulkarni-Kale Urmila , Kuchipudi Suresh V. 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT
We report four full-genome sequences of bovine coronavirus (BCoV) isolates from dairy calves in Pennsylvania obtained in 2016 and 2017. BCoV is a pathogen of great importance to cattle health, and this is the first report of full-genome sequences of BCoV from PA cattle.
Characterising the patient experience of diagnostic lumbar puncture in idiopathic intracranial hypertension: a cross-sectional online survey
Authors: Scotton William J , Mollan Susan P , Walters Thomas , Doughty Sandra , Botfield Hannah , Markey Keira , Yiangou Andreas , Williamson Shelley , Sinclair Alexandra J 
Published: May 2018

ObjectivesPatients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) usually require multiple lumbar punctures (LPs) during the course of their disease, and often report significant morbidity associated with the procedure. The aim of this study was to assess the patient’s experience of diagnostic LP in IIH.Design, methods and participantsA cross-sectional study of patients with IIH was conducted using an anonymous online survey, with the questions designed in collaboration with IIH UK (the UK IIH charity). Responses were collated over a 2-month period from April to May 2015. Patients were asked to quantify responses using a Verbal Rating Score (VRS) 0–10 with 0 being the minimum and 10 the maximum score.Results502 patients responded to the survey, of which 463 were analysed for this study. 40% of patients described severe pain during the LP (VRS ≥8), and the median pain score during the LP was 7 (VRS, IQR 5–7). The majority of patients felt they received insufficient pain relief (85%). Levels of anxiety about future LPs were high (median VRS 7, IQR 4–10), with 47% being extremely anxious (VRS ≥8). LPs performed as an emergency were associated with significantly greater pain scores compared with elective procedures (median 7, IQR 5–7 vs 6, IQR 4–8, p=0.012). 10.7% went on to have an X-ray-guided procedure due to failure of the initial LP, and the body mass index was significantly higher in this group (mean kg/m240.3 vs 35.5, p=0.001). Higher LP pain scores (VRS) were significantly associated with poorly informed patients (Spearman’s correlation, r=−0.32, p<0.001). Patients felt more informed when the LP was performed by a specialist registrar compared with a junior doctor (median 7 vs 5, p=0.001) or a consultant compared with a junior doctor (median 8 vs 5, p<0.001).ConclusionsThis study was commissioned by the IIH patient group and is the first to document the patient experience of diagnostic LPs in IIH. It shows that the majority of these patients are experiencing significant morbidity from pain and anxiety. Patient experience of LP may be improved through changing clinical practice to include universal detailed preprocedural information, and where possible, avoiding emergency LPs in favour of LPs booked on an elective day-case unit.
Early detection of congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract: cross-sectional results of a community-based screening and referral study in China
Authors: Gong Yinv , Zhang Ying , Shen Qian , Xiao Liping , Zhai Yihui , Bi Yunli , Shen Jian , Chen Hong , Li Yun , Xu Hong 
Published: May 2018

ObjectiveTo establish an effective screening model of congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) using ultrasound among neonates in Shanghai, China.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingA three-level screening model for CAKUT in neonates based on the child healthcare system was established since 2010 in Minhang District, Shanghai, China.ParticipantsDuring 2010–2015, neonates with criteria such as preterm, low birth weight and so on were eligible to participate in the study. Cases with renal pelvis dilatation (RPD) and other abnormal renal findings were managed based on presumed strategies.Main outcome measuresThe proportion of RPD and other renal and urinary tract anomalies; number of diagnosed CAKUT under integrated management, especially obstructive uropathy. The anterior–posterior renal pelvic diameter (APRPD) cut-off points for likelihood of obstructive uropathy and need for surgery.ResultsA total of 8827 infants were consecutively screened. Absolute and relative rates of different degrees of RPD classified by APRPD were: mild (5–9.9 mm), 984 (11.1%); moderate (10–14.9 mm), 176 (2.0%); severe (≥15 mm), 20 (0.2%). Of 639 followed cases with RPD, 11 were diagnosed as obstructive uropathies. Of these, nine patients underwent surgery, at median age 2 months. A total 85.4% of mild, 62.5% of moderate and 30.0% of severe RPD cases resolved spontaneously. Other renal and urinary morphological abnormalities were diagnosed in 15 (0.2%) patients. The APRPD cut-off points for significant obstructive uropathy and need for surgery were 9.7 mm and 13.5 mm, respectively.ConclusionsThis three-level screening model is an effective and feasible strategy for early detection and intervention of CAKUT in the early postnatal period, especially for patients with high-grade RPD and other renal and urinary malformations. This strategy could be useful in China and other developing areas with limited medical resources.
Safety and efficacy of the Derivo Embolization Device for the treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms: a multicentric study
Authors: Kraus Bastian , Goertz Lukas , Turowski Bernd , Borggrefe Jan , Schlamann Marc , Dorn Franziska , Kabbasch Christoph 
Published: May 2018

BackgroundThe Derivo Embolization Device (DED) is a novel flow diverter stent that provides increased x-ray visibility, an improved delivery system, and potentially reduced thrombogenicity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the early safety and efficacy of the second-generation DED.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed all patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) treated with the DED between November 2015 and December 2017 in three German tertiary care centers. Procedural details, complications, and morbidity within 30 days after treatment, as well as the aneurysm occlusion rates after 6 months (O’Kelly–Marotta scale, OKM), were evaluated.ResultsImplantation of the DED was attempted in 42 patients with 42 aneurysms. All procedures were technically successful. Multiple DEDs were used in three aneurysms (7.2%) and adjunctive coiling in 11 (26.2%). Procedure-related complications occurred in four cases (9.5%) including three thromboembolic events and one aneurysm perforation. The morbidity rate was 2.4% and there was no mortality. One patient suffered an ischemic stroke with persistent aphasia at 30-day follow-up due to a thromboembolic infarct (modified Rankin Scale score 1). Among 33 patients (78.6%) available for angiographic follow-up, complete (OKM D) and favorable (OKM C+D) aneurysm occlusion was obtained in 72.7% (24/33) and 87.9% (29/33), respectively.ConclusionsEndovascular treatment of UIAs with the DED is associated with high procedural safety and adequate occlusion rates. Examinations at 1- and 2-year follow-up will provide data on the long-term safety and angiographic outcomes of this device.
Exposure, respiratory symptoms, lung function and inflammation response of road-paving asphalt workers
Authors: Xu Yiyi , Kåredal Monica , Nielsen Jörn , Adlercreutz Mariana , Bergendorf Ulf , Strandberg Bo , Antonsson Ann-Beth , Tinnerberg Håkan , Albin Maria 
Published: May 2018

BackgroundControversy exists as to the health effects of exposure to asphalt and crumb rubber modified (CRM) asphalt, which contains recycled rubber tyres.ObjectiveTo assess exposures and effects on airway symptoms, lung function and inflammation biomarkers in conventional and CRM asphalt road pavers.Methods116 conventional asphalt workers, 51 CRM asphalt workers and 100 controls were investigated. A repeated-measures analysis included 31 workers paving with both types of asphalt. Exposure to dust, nitrosamines, benzothiazole and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) was measured in worksites. Self-reported symptoms, spirometry test and blood sampling were conducted prework and postwork. Symptoms were further collected during off-season for asphalt paving.ResultsDust, PAHs and nitrosamine exposure was highly varied, without difference between conventional and CRM asphalt workers. Benzothiazole was higher in CRM asphalt workers (p<0.001). Higher proportions of asphalt workers than controls reported eye symptoms with onset in the current job. Decreased lung function from preworking to postworking was found in CRM asphalt workers and controls. Preworking interleukin-8 was higher in CRM asphalt workers than in the controls, followed by a decrement after 4 days of working. No differences in any studied effects were found between conventional and CRM asphalt paving.ConclusionCRM asphalt workers are exposed to higher benzothiazole. Further studies are needed to identify the source of nitrosamines in conventional asphalt. Mild decrease in lung function in CRM asphalt workers and work-related eye symptoms in both asphalt workers were observed. However, our study did not find strong evidence for severe respiratory symptoms and inflammation response among asphalt workers.
Improved Thermal and Fire Retardant Behavior of Polyvinyl Alcohol Matrix Using Nanocomposites
Authors: Jeyasubramanian K. , Muthusankar E. , Hikku G. S. , Selvakumar N. 
Published: May 2018

This report discusses in detail about the Fire retardant (FR) characteristics of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix fabricated by impregnating zinc borate nanoparticles (ZB Nps) as FR with trace amounts of copper chloride/aluminum chloride by solvent casting method. ZB Nps prepared by co-precipitation method are characterized using XRD, FTIR, SEM, TEM, etc. XRD pattern revealed the crystal geometry of ZB Nps and SEM and TEM micrographs depict a rod-like structure with 300–400[Formula: see text]nm size. Appropriate amount of ZB Nps and transition metal salts are mixed with PVA in aqueous medium and thin film samples are obtained by solvent casting method. The vibrational spectra, thermal stability and flammability of the polymeric composites are characterized using FTIR, TG/DTA and Flammability tester, respectively. FTIR spectra confirm the existence of ZB Nps in the prepared polymer composites. TG/DTA studies revealed higher degradation temperature and thermal stability of polymer composite over pure PVA. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) test presented a convincing account about the improved FR nature of obtained polymer nano composite with a significant LOI of 56% compared to virgin polymer which have LOI of 19.6%.
In Vivo Molecular Characterization of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms Using Fibrin‐Specific Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Botnar René M. , Brangsch Julia , Reimann Carolin , Janssen Christian H. P. , Razavi Reza , Hamm Bernd , Makowski Marcus R. 
Published: May 2018

Background

The incidence of abdominal aortic aneurysms (
AAA
s) will significantly increase during the next decade. Novel biomarkers, besides diameter, are needed for a better characterization of aneurysms and the estimation of the risk of rupture. Fibrin is a key protein in the formation of focal hematoma associated with the dissection of the aortic wall and the development of larger thrombi during the progression of
AAA
s. This study evaluated the potential of a fibrin‐specific magnetic resonance (MR) probe for the in vivo characterization of the different stages of
AAA
s.

Methods and Results

AAA
s spontaneously developed in ApoE
−/−
mice following the infusion of angiotensin‐
II
(Ang‐
II
, 1 μg/kg
−1
·per minute). An established fibrin‐specific molecular
MR
probe (
EP
2104R, 10 μmol/kg
−1
) was administered after 1 to 4 weeks following Ang‐
II
infusion (n=8 per group). All imaging experiments were performed on a clinical 3T Achieva
MR
system with a microscopy coil (Philips Healthcare, Netherlands). The development of
AAA
‐associated fibrin‐rich hematoma and thrombi was assessed. The high signal generated by the fibrin probe enabled high‐resolution
MR
imaging for an accurate assessment and quantification of the relative fibrin composition of focal hematoma and thrombi. Contrast‐to‐noise‐ratios (
CNRs
) and R1‐relaxation rates following the administration of the fibrin probe were in good agreement with ex vivo immunohistomorphometry (
R
2
=0.83 and 0.85) and gadolinium concentrations determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (
R
2
=0.78 and 0.72).

Conclusions

The fibrin‐specific molecular
MR
probe allowed the delineation and quantification of changes in fibrin content in early and advanced
AAA
s. Fibrin
MRI
could provide a novel in vivo biomarker to improve the risk stratification of patients with aortic aneurysms.
Sex Differences in Omega‐3 and ‐6 Fatty Acids and Health Status Among Young Adults With Acute Myocardial Infarction: Results From the VIRGO Study
Authors: Lu Yuan , Ding Qinglan , Xu Xiao , Spatz Erica S. , Dreyer Rachel P. , D'Onofrio Gail , Caulfield Michael , Nasir Khurram , Spertus John A. , Krumholz Harlan M. 
Published: May 2018

Background

Young women (aged ≤55 years) with acute myocardial infarction (
AMI
) have poorer health status outcomes than similarly aged men. Low omega‐3 fatty acids (
FA
s) have been implicated as risk factors for cardiovascular outcomes in
AMI
patients, but it is not clear whether young women have similar or different post‐
AMI
omega‐3
FA
profiles compared with young men.

Methods and Results

We assessed the sex differences in post‐
AMI
omega‐3
FA
s and the associations of these biomarkers with patient‐reported outcomes (symptom, functioning status, and quality of life) at 12‐month follow‐up, using data from 2985 US adults with
AMI
aged 18 to 55 years enrolled in the VIRGO (Variation in Recovery: Role of Gender on Outcomes of Young Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients) study. Biomarkers including eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, arachidonic acid (
AA
), eicosapentaenoic acid/
AA
ratio, omega‐3/omega‐6 ratio, and omega‐3 index were measured 1 month after
AMI
. Overall, the omega‐3
FA
s and
AA
were similar in young men and women with
AMI
. In both unadjusted and adjusted analysis (controlling for age, sex, race, smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, body mass index, and health status score at 1 month), omega‐3
FA
s and
AA
were not significantly associated with 12‐month health status scores using the Bonferroni corrected statistical threshold.

Conclusions

We found no evidence of sex differences in omega‐3
FA
s and
AA
in young men and women 1 month after
AMI
. Omega‐3 FAs and AA at 1‐month after AMI were generally not associated with 12‐month patient‐reported health status after adjusting for patient demographic, clinical characteristics, and the corresponding 1‐month health status score.
The “Sons of Seth”
Authors: Christian Meike 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This article is focussed on the question how to interpret the phrase בני שית in 4Q417 1 i 15. The analysis is based on a novel reconstruction of the preceding word, which is only poorly preserved. The common reconstructions (namely ‪עולות‬, עו(ו)נות or עלילות) have a negative meaning. Hence, the בני שית are understood as a group that will be punished by God due to their sins. However, it is also possible to reconstruct עבודת in 4Q417 1 i 15. In contrast to the other suggestions this word not only fits the gap properly, but is also attested several times throughout 4QInstruction. Following this reconstruction, 4Q417 1 i 15f. indicates that the reward for the “ser[vic]e of the sons of Seth” has already been determined. Consequently, 4QInstruction uses the term בני שית in a positive way to denote the elect and builds on a tradition that praises Seth as well as his offspring.