bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global drought and severe drought-affected populations in 1.5 and 2 °C warmer worlds
Authors: Liu Wenbin , Sun Fubao , Lim Wee Ho , Zhang Jie , Wang Hong , Shiogama Hideo , Zhang Yuqing 
Published: March 2018

Abstract. The 2015 Paris Agreement proposed a more ambitious climate change
mitigation target on limiting global warming to 1.5 ∘C instead of
2 ∘C above preindustrial levels. Scientific investigations on
environmental risks associated with these warming targets are necessary to
inform climate policymaking. Based on the Coupled Model
Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) climate models, we present the first risk-based
assessment of changes in global drought and the impact of severe drought on
populations from additional 1.5 and 2 ∘C warming conditions. Our
results highlight the risk of drought on a global scale and in several hotspot
regions such as the Amazon, northeastern Brazil, southern Africa and Central Europe
at both 1.5 and 2 ∘C global warming relative to the historical
period, showing increases in drought durations from 2.9 to 3.2 months. Correspondingly, more total and urban populations would be exposed to
severe droughts globally (+132.5 ± 216.2 million and
+194.5 ± 276.5 million total population and +350.2 ± 158.8 million
and +410.7 ± 213.5 million urban populations in 1.5 and
2 ∘C warmer worlds) and regionally (e.g., East Africa, West
Africa and South Asia). Less rural populations (−217.7 ± 79.2 million
and −216.2 ± 82.4 million rural populations in 1.5 and 2 ∘C
warmer worlds) would be exposed to severe drought globally under
climate warming, population growth and especially the urbanization-induced
population migration. By keeping global warming at 1.5 ∘C above the
preindustrial levels instead of 2 ∘C, there is a decrease in drought risks
(i.e., less drought duration, less drought intensity and severity but
relatively more frequent drought) and the affected total, urban and
rural populations would decrease globally and in most regions. While
challenging for both East Africa and South Asia, the benefits of limiting
warming to below 1.5 ∘C in terms of global drought risk and impact
reduction are significant.
Transgressive Desire in Chaucer's Legend of Thisbe
Authors: Allen-Goss Lucy 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Chaucer's Legend of Good Women is famous for its proposal to celebrate “good” women and expose faithless men, carried out through the rewriting of classical women's stories in ways that truncate unlikely figures into suspiciously anodyne passivity. Yet his tale of Pyramus and Thisbe has seemed to preclude even this possibility, for the original version depicts innocent and devoted lovers, and such subtext as has been found has been widely dismissed as merely comical. However, this ignores the narrative's established potential as an exemplum of the relationships between desire, grammar, and interpretation. For Chaucer, startling innuendos that cast Pyramus as a hapless, feminized misreader and Thisbe as his queerly authoritative lover also prepare for serious interrogation of the patristic tradition of gendered hermeneutics.
“Something Came Over Him”: Narratives on Being “Carried by Witches” and Their Possible Connection to Altered States of Consciousness
Authors: Mencej Mirjam 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT
The article discusses the experience of being “carried by witches” narrated to me repeatedly during my field research in rural eastern Slovenia in 2000–2001. The experience, which was ascribed to the agency of witches who “enchanted” their victims and led them astray, typically occurred in the forest at night and implied disorientation, sometimes (but not necessarily) the vision of light(s) that people followed or were drawn to, and a shift of consciousness. The article argues that particular neurological conditions (out-of-body experiences, near-death experiences) may have provided a basis for the experience of at least some of the subjects in the memorates, and that various cultural concepts explaining the experience, and cultural patterns of structuring narratives about it, may have been adopted by people in order to cope with and make sense of what they experienced in a society that does not grant cultural value to altered states of consciousness.
Impacto de políticas de vivienda en acceso al hábitat urbano en Córdoba, Argentina
Authors: Boccolini Sara María 
Published: March 2018

Se analizó el impacto de las políticas de producción de vivienda social en las estrategias de acceso a la vivienda urbana en Córdoba, Argentina, entre 2001 y 2015, verificando que estas normativas fomentan procesos de contraurbanización, periurbanización, inquilinización, y el vaciamiento de áreas pericentrales e intermedias.
Se analizaron las políticas públicas de producción directa e indirecta (financiamiento) de vivienda urbana, sistematizando información obtenida en entrevistas a actores clave, datos censales, resultados de investigaciones indexadas locales y regionales en torno al tema, e informes realizados por instituciones públicas y privadas, para reconstruir el alcance de estas políticas para resolver el déficit habitacional, su disponibilidad para distintos grupos socioeconómicos y los patrones de territorialización que emergen de ellas. Los resultados se plantearon como aporte en la discusión actual acerca de la producción de hábitat urbano en áreas metropolitanas de Argentina y Latinoamérica.
Las representaciones de la Confederación Sindical Internacional (CSI) sobre el trabajo decente: un análisis del horizonte utópico sindical en la globalización
Authors: Ghiotto Luciana 
Published: March 2018

Este artículo se propone exponer el modo en que la Confederación Sindical Internacional (CSI) se representa la noción de “trabajo decente” lanzada por la Organización Internacional del Trabajo (OIT) en 1999. Para ello se elaboró una codificación a partir del Programa de la CSI de 2006. Se buscó el sentido que la CSI otorga a esta noción, identificando nociones asociadas como “justicia social”, “Estado” y “diálogo social”. Se concluye que la CSI ubica al trabajo decente como el elemento más relevante dentro de su objetivo político, que es la construcción de una “nueva globalización”. Allí se identifica el horizonte utópico que sostiene la Confederación. Se explica que dicho horizonte es expresión de un modo de ser sindical asociado a la subjetividad
determinada por el salario, típico de las formas welfare de la segunda posguerra.
Satisfacción con la democracia en Chile: De lo normativo a lo valorativo
Authors: Cereceda-Marambio Karina , Torres-Solís Amanda 
Published: March 2018

En la presente investigación se propone y contrasta empíricamente un modelo teórico para explicar y predecir la satisfacción con la democracia en Chile. Dicho modelo cuenta con siete variables independientes o predictoras, referidas a la percepción de elementos institucionales-formales (i.e., la percepción de la economía personal y familiar, y la confianza en las instituciones), preferencias políticas, valoración presidencial, percepción de la corrupción y aspectos valorativos sobre derechos y libertades. Así, el modelo propuesto considera la influencia de aspectos personales, valorativos y contingentes en la satisfacción con la democracia. Los resultados de esta investigación indican que la satisfacción con la democracia en Chile se sustenta principalmente en el aspecto institucional macro como la confianza en las instituciones y la economía país, por lo que las variables que miden aspectos del orden valórico poseen menos relevancia para la evaluación del
régimen político.
Tarsal switch using an anterior approach to correct severe ptosis
Authors: Meneghim Roberta Lilian Fernandes de Sousa , Ferraz Lucieni Barbarini , Galindo-Ferreiro Alicia , Khandekar Rajiv , Sanchez-Tocino Hortensia , Schellini Silvana 
Published: March 2018

Background To present the outcomes of the tarsal switch procedure using an anterior approach to correct severe ptosis with poor levator muscle function (<4 mm) with absent or poor Bell’s phenomenon.
Methods This retrospective case series included 11 patients with severe neurogenic or acquired myogenic palpebral ptosis. All patients underwent the tarsal switch procedure through an anterior approach from 2012 to 2015. Margin reflex distance (MRD1 and MRD2) and the palpebral fissure were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively. Data were compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. P-values <0.05 were considered to indicate statistical significance.
Results Surgery was performed on 18 eyelids (11 patients). The median age at surgery was 57 years (range, 29-86 years). Four patients had unilateral ptosis and seven had bilateral ptosis. Nine patients had myogenic ptosis and two had neurogenic ptosis. Postoperatively, the chin-up position improved in all patients. The MRD1 increased statistically significantly, from 0 mm preoperatively to 1.0 mm postoperatively (P=0.001). The MRD2 decreased statistically significantly, from 4.5 mm preoperatively to 3.0 mm postoperatively (P=0.001). The palpebral fissure did not change (4.0 mm preoperatively to 4.0 mm postoperatively) (P=0.13).
Conclusions The tarsal switch procedure through an anterior approach is an effective alternative for correcting severe ptosis, especially neurogenic or acquired myogenic ptosis. This procedure can be performed with minimal risk of ocular surface exposure and provides stable outcomes.
Volumetric lipoinjection of the fronto-orbital and temporal complex with adipose stem cells for the aesthetic restoration of sequelae of craniosynostosis
Authors: Castro-Govea Yanko , Vela-Martinez Amin , Treviño-Garcia Luis Alberto 
Published: March 2018

Background Non-syndromic craniosynostosis causes craniofacial asymmetry and may persist after cranioplasty. These postoperative asymmetries are primarily depressions. In some cases, patients may be subjected to pranks and harassment by their peers, affecting their psychosocial development. We propose lipoinjection enriched with adipose stem cells (ASCs) to treat the sequelae of craniosynostosis in the fronto-orbital and temporal complex in cranioplasty patients, with the goal of improving the appearance of the upper third of the face.
Methods Twelve children (four boys and eight girls) between 4 and 8 years of age (mean age, 6 years) in the postoperative period after treatment for plagiocephaly, brachycephaly, and trigonocephaly were included, with a follow-up period of 1 to 18 months. Fat tissue was obtained from the lower abdomen, and ASCs were isolated using the Yoshimura technique. Lipoinjection was performed using several mini-approaches to ensure adequate distribution.
Results Two different scales were used to evaluate the aesthetic outcomes. At 6 months, three plastic surgeons independent of the study classified the results using a Likert scale. The patients’ parents categorized the results using a visual analog scale at 6, 9, and 18 months. R esults were favorable on both scales, as the patients’ facial appearance improved and they reported increased happiness and self-esteem due to their remodeled facial appearance.
Conclusions We suggest that lipoinjection enriched with ASCs is a good alternative for correcting asymmetry of the fronto-orbital and temporal contour in patients with sequelae of craniosynostosis. This treatment will help boost patients’ self-esteem starting at an early age.
Peranan Gejala Klinis dan Pemeriksaan Darah Tepi dalam Diagnosis Dini Influenza pada Pasien dengan Gejala Influenza Like Illness
Authors: Susilo Adityo , Suwarto Suhendro , Rengganis Iris , Harimurti Kuntjoro 
Published: March 2018

Pendahuluan. Influenza merupakan penyakit infeksi yang disebabkan oleh virus influenza. Pada manusia, influenza sering menimbulkan penyakit pernapasan akut dengan manifestasi klinis berupa influenza like illness. Penegakkan diagnosis influenza seringkali sulit oleh karena manifestasi klinis yang tidak khas. Demam disebut sebagai gejala klinis terpenting dan limfopenia didapatkan sebagai suatu temuan laboratoris yang konsisten. Usaha untuk mengetahui proporsi dan mengelaborasi gejala klinis dan pemeriksaan darah tepi sederhana diperkirakan dapat meningkatkan probabilitas diagnosis influenza.Tujuan. Mengetahui proporsi influenza serta mengevaluasi peranan gejala klinis dan pemeriksaan laboratorium sederhana pada pasien penyakit pernapasan akut dengan influenza like illness sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai faktor prediktif terhadap diagnosis influenza.Metode. Studi potong lintang berbasis diagnostic research pada pasien penyakit pernapasan akut dewasa dengan gejala influenza like illness di Puskesmas Kecamatan Pulo Gadung dan Puskesmas Kelurahan Rawamangun antara Maret hingga Juni 2011. Spesimen analisis virus menggunakan bahan apus nasofaringeal, dengan teknik analisis PCR kualitatif dan imunokromatografi antigen.Hasil. Dari 90 orang subyek penelitian didapatkan 13 orang (14,4%) terbukti terinfeksi virus influenza A melalui teknik PCR. Variabel demam menunjukkan hasil uji kemaknaan yang signifikan terhadap influenza (p 0,003) dengan prevalence ratio 6,28 (95% CI 1,476-26,759). Sensitifitas demam, batuk dan pilek terhadap influenza masing-masing adalah 85% dan negative predictive value demam sebesar 98%. Variabel determinan lainnya tidak menunjukkan hasil yang bermakna terhadap influenza pada uji kemaknaan statistik. Simpulan. Proporsi influenza pada pasien dengan gejala ILI diperoleh cukup tinggi dengan proporsi demam yang terbukti lebih tinggi pada pasien influenza. Sensitivitas demam, batuk dan pilek terhadap influenza tinggi dengan negative predictive value yang memuaskan untuk seluruh variabel determinan.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi keberhasilan Terapi Antibiotik Empirik pada Pasien Sepsis Berat dan Syok Sepsis di Bangsal Rawat Inap Penyakit Dalam Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo
Authors: Katu Sudirman , Suwarto Suhendro , Pohan Herdiman T. , Abdullah Murdani 
Published: March 2018

Pendahuluan. Salah satu faktor utama yang berperan pada keberhasilan terapi pada pasien sepsis berat dan syok sepsis adalah penggunaan antibiotika empirik yang adekuat. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui faktor utama apa yang paling berpengaruh terhadap keberhasilan pengobatan antibiotika empirik pada pasien sepsis berat dan syok sepsis.Metode. Studi kohort retrospektif dengan subyek dari data rekam medik (RM) pasien yang telah di rawat inap di ruang ICU dan perawatan Penyakit dalam RSCM Jakarta antara bulan Januari 2011 - Juni 2012. Kriteria inklusi adalah semua data RM pasien dewasa dengan sepsis, sepsis berat dan syok sepsis yang di rawat di ruang rawat inap penyakit dalam/HCU/ICU RSCM. Kriteria eksklusi adalah data tidak lengkap dan SOFA skor >14. Analisis multivariat dilakukan untuk menilai kuat hubungan relative risk (RR) di antara masing-masing variabel determinan yang memiliki kemaknaan statistik sebagai prediktor kesesuaian dosis, jenis, kombinasi dan waktu pemberian antibiotika empirik terhadap akhir perawatan sepsis berat dan syok sepsis dengan ROC (receiver operator curve) dan nilai AUC (area under curve) serta mencari faktor yang paling berperan dari variabel determinan tersebut.Hasil. Waktu pemberian antibiotika empirik lebih dari 6 jam, pemberian jenis antibiotika empirik yang tidak sesuai berdasarkan sumber infeksi, pemberian dosis antibiotika empirik yang tidak sesuai, pemberian antibiotika empirik tunggal, jumlah disfungsi organ yang lebih dari 3 berdasarkan skor SOFA berpengaruh terhadap meningkatnya angka kematian pada pasien sepsis berat dan syok sepsis. Dari faktor tersebut di atas yang paling berpengaruh terhadap meningkatnya angka kematian adalah waktu pemberian antibiotika lebih dari 6 jam, dosis antibiotika yang tidak sesuai, penggunaan antibiotika empirik tunggal dan skor SOFA yang lebih dari 8.Simpulan. Hal yang paling berpengaruh terhadap meningkatnya angka kematian adalah waktu pemberian antibiotika lebih dari 6 jam, dosis antibiotika yang tidak sesuai, penggunaan antibiotika empirik tunggal dan skor SOFA yang lebih dari 8.
Salah Perlakuan terhadap Orang Tua: Faktor Risiko dan Tatalaksana
Authors: Madina Ummi Ulfah , Dwimartutie Noto 
Published: March 2018

Salah perlakuan terhadap orang usia lanjut merupakan masalah kesehatan yang serius dan mampu menurunkan kualitas hidup, namun dapat dicegah. Perlakuan salah dapat dilakukan secara sengaja maupun tidak sengaja oleh pramurawat maupun pasien sendiri. Definisi yang belum seragam, faktor risiko yang beragam dan perbedaan kultural di tiap daerah merupakan kesulitan yang dihadapi dalam mengenali dan menatalaksana salah perlakuan terhadap orang tua. Kelebihan dan keterbatasan metode penapisan salah perlakuan yang ada saat ini harus dipahami dengan baik. Dengan demikian, upaya pencegahan dan penatalaksanaan salah perlakuan dapat dilakukan dengan tepat.Kata kunci: penapisan, salah perlakuan, tatalaksana, usia lanjutElderly Mistreatment: Risk Factors and Therapy Elderly mistreatment is a preventable serious health problem that lowering older adults quality of life. Elderly mistreatment can be done by the caregiver or even the patient himself, regardless the intention. Meanwhile, defining an elderly mistreatment is still a challenge due to varied risk factors and cultural differences in each country. Those conditions result in challenges in identifying and managing elderly mistreatment. This review will also discuss screening modalities to identify elderly who is at risk or currently abused to prevent and manage elderly mistreatment properly. Keywords: elderly, management, mistreatment, older adults, screening
Densitas Massa Tulang pada Pasien HIV/AIDS
Authors: Mulansari Nadia Ayu , Sukmana Nanang , Setyohadi Bambang , Setiati Siti 
Published: March 2018

Pendahuluan. Tingginya angka kejadian HIV/AIDS pada usia muda yang mencapai 50% dari total kasus HIV/AIDS di Indonesia menjadi permasalahan yang serius, khususnya terkait kualitas hidup pasien. Selain infeksi oportunistik, keadaan osteopenia dan juga osteoporosis sering ditemukan pada pasien dengan HIV/AIDS. Namun demikian, penelitian mengenai gambaran massa tulang pada pasien HIV/AIDS di Indonesia sampai saat ini belum didapatkan.Metode. Studi potong lintang dilakukan pada pasien dewasa dengan infeksi HIV naif antiretroviral di Rumah Sakit dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM) Jakarta pada Februari-Mei 2008. Pemeriksaan bone mineral density (BMD) dilakukan dengan menggunakan DXA scanning. Hasil. Berdasarkan pemeriksaan BMD didapatkan sebanyak 29,3% subjek ostopenia, 1,3% osteoporosis dan sisanya normal. Osteopenia/osteoporosis didapatkan lebih besar pada subjek yang mengonsumsi alkohol, merokok, hitung limfosit CD4+ <200 sel/mm3 dan IMT<18,5 dengan proporsi masing-masing secara berturut-turut yaitu 53,6%; 36,9%; 35,5%; dan 37,6%. Lama infeksi HIV pada penelitian ini tidak menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda.Simpulan. Didapatkan keadaan osteopenia dan osteoporosis pada pasien dengan HIV/AIDS. Pada pasien HIV/AIDS dengan riwayat merokok, konsumsi alkohol, hitung limfosit CD4+ <200 sel/mm3 dam IMT rendah, didapatkan angka osteopenia/osteoporosis yang lebih tinggi.Kata kunci: HIV, naif antiretroviral, osteopenia/osteoporosis Bone Mass Density in HIV/AIDS PatientsIntroduction. Indonesia has a high incidence of young HIV-positive population which is 20-29 years of age is in the highest group (50%). For this reason, it is important to make a better quality of life for them. Unfortunately, beside all the opportunistic infection, it was proved that osteopenia/osteoporosis has become a new emerging metabolic condition for HIV-infected patients. There is still no study about the description of bone mass density in HIV/AIDS patients in Indonesia. Methods. A cross sectional study was conducted in a total of 75 HIV-seropositive antiretroviral-naïve patients. Bone mineral density (BMD) was determined by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in lumbar spine. Results. Seventy-five subjects had been recruited. Low BMD was found in 29.3% HIV-seropositive patients with osteopenia and 1,3% with osteoporosis. There was a higher number of osteopenia/osteoporosis in subjects who consume alcohol, smoking, lymphocyte CD4 <200 cells/mm3 and low body mass index (BMI). Duration of infection did not show any differences in both HIV with osteopenia/osteoporosis and subjects with normal bone condition. Conclusions. Osteopenia and osteoporosis were found in patients with HIV/AIDS in RSCM with lower bone density in subjects who consumed alcohol, smoke, lymphocyte CD4 <200 cells/mm3 and low BMI. Keywords: HIV, antiretroviral naïve, osteopenia/osteoporosis
Diagnosis dan Tata Laksana Acquired Hemophilia A (AHA) dengan Pemfigoid Bulosa
Authors: Sihombing Rasco Sandy , Silalahi Henry Ratno Diono , Shatri Hamzah , Sukrisman Lugyanti , Rinaldi Ikhwan , Prasetyawati Findy , Novianto Endy , Yunir Em 
Published: March 2018

Acquired hemophilia A merupakan kondisi dimana faktor koagulasi VIII menjadi tidak aktif akibat pembentukan autoantibodi. Kondisi ini dikaitkan dengan kehamilan, keganasan, dan penyakit auitoimun dengan kelainan kulit. Pada kasus ini, seorang wanita berusia 66 tahun, datang dengan keluhan perdarahan paska tindakan yang disertai dengan lesi kulit. Pasien didiagnosis dengan acquired hemophilia A dengan ditemukannya inhibitor faktor VIII terkait dengan pemfigoid bulosa.Kata Kunci: Acquired hemophilia A, diagnosis, pemfigoid bulosa, tata laksana Diagnosis and Treatment of Acquired Hemophilia A (AHA) with Bullous PemphigoidAcquired hemophilia A is a condition in which coagulation factor VIII become inactive due to autoantibody formation. This condition is related to pregnancy, malignancy, and autoimmune disease with skin disorder. In this case report, a 66 years woman with a post procedural bleeding with skin disorder. Later on, patient diagnosed with acquired hemophilia A with a factor VIII inhibitors related to bullous pemphigoid. Keywords : Acquired hemophilia A, bullous pemphigoid, diagnosis, treatment
Pencegahan Transmisi Vertikal Hepatitis B: Fokus pada Penggunaan Antivirus Antenatal
Authors: Khumaedi Anandhara Indriani , Gani Rino Alvani , Hasan Irsan 
Published: March 2018

Hepatitis B merupakan penyebab utama penyakit hati kronik dan dapat menyebabkan sirosis, gagal hati dan karsinoma hepatoselular pada 15-40% populasi. Terhitung sebanyak dua miliar penduduk dunia terinfeksi hepatitis B. Sebanyak 240 juta diantaranya mengidap hepatitis B kronik dan 780.000 jiwa meninggal karena komplikasi akut dan kronik hepatitis B. Transmisi hepatitis B berbeda di berbagai belahan dunia. Pada negara maju, transmisi hepatitis B sebagian besar melalui transmisi horizontal, sedangkan pada negara berkembang transmisi heptitis B 90% melalui transmisi vertikal. Upaya pencegahan transmisi vertikal berupa pemberian imunoglobulin mencapai tingkat keberhasilan hingga 95%, namun menyisakan sebagian kecil populasi yang mengalami kegagalan imunoprofilaksis yang berisiko untuk berkembang menjadi hepatitis B kronik. Pemberian antivirus pada saat antenatal berperan dalam mencegah transmisi vertikal pada populasi yang berisiko mengalami kegagalan imunoprofilaksis.Kata Kunci: analog nukleos(t)ida, hepatitis B, kegagalan imunoprofilaksis, transmisi vertikal Prevention of Hepatitis B Vertical Transmission: Focus on Antenatal Antiviral AdministrationHepatitis B is one of the main cause of chronic liver disease, and potentially cause cirrhosis, liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma in 15-40% population. Globally, 2 billion people are infected by Hepatitis B. Two hundred and forty million people are suffering from chronic hepatitis B, and more than 780 000 people are dying from both acute and chronic complication of hepatitis B. In developed countries, horizontal transmission is the main mode of virus transmission, while in developing countries vertical transmission occured in 90% population with hepatitis B. Immunoglobulin administration as a prevention strategy for vertical transmission has 95% success rate, but it left 5-10% of those who has immunoprophylaxis failure to be at risk to develop chronic hepatitis B. Antiviral administration during pregnancy is considered to prevent hepatitis B vertical transmission in population at risk on developing immunoprophylaxis failure. Keywords: hepatitis B, immunoprophylaxis failure, nucleos(t)ide analog, vertical transmission