bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-LTE radiation hydrodynamics in PLUTO
Authors: Colombo S. , Ibgui L. , Orlando S. , Rodríguez R. , Espinosa G. , González M. , Stehlé C. , Peres G. 
Published: July 2019

Context. Modeling the dynamics of most astrophysical structures requires an adequate description of the interaction of radiation and matter. Several numerical (magneto-) hydrodynamics codes were upgraded with a radiation module to fulfill this request. However, those that used either the flux-limited diffusion (FLD) or the M1 radiation moment approaches are restricted to local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE). This assumption may not be valid in some astrophysical cases.
Aims. We present an upgraded version of the LTE radiation-hydrodynamics (RHD) module implemented in the PLUTO code, which we have extended to handle non-LTE regimes.
Methods. Starting from the general frequency-integrated comoving-frame equations of RHD, we have justified all the assumptions that were made to obtain the non-LTE equations that are implemented in the module under the FLD approximation. An operator-split method with two substeps was employed: the hydrodynamics part was solved with an explicit method by the solvers that are currently available in PLUTO, and the non-LTE radiation diffusion and energy exchange part was solved with an implicit method. The module was implemented in the PLUTO environment. It uses databases of radiative quantities that can be provided independently by the user: the radiative power loss, and the Planck and Rosseland mean opacities. In our case, these quantities were determined from a collisional-radiative steady-state model, and they are tabulated as functions of temperature and density.
Results. Our implementation has been validated through different tests, in particular, radiative shock tests. The agreement with the semi-analytical solutions (when available) is good, with a maximum error of 7%. Moreover, we have proved that a non-LTE approach is of paramount importance to properly model accretion shock structures.
Conclusion. Our radiation FLD module represents a step toward a general non-LTE RHD modeling.
A watercolor painting of northern lights seen above Japan on 11 February 1958
Authors: Kataoka Ryuho , Kazama Shigeru 
Published: July 2019

A 61 years old watercolor painting of red aurora was recently provided from a Japanese citizen, and it contributed to understand the detailed time evolution around the peak time of the large magnetic storm on 11 February 1958. The painting gives information of the elevation angle of the red aurora seen from low latitude (27.4° magnetic latitude) at 1205–1225 UT during the beginning of the recovery phase of the magnetic storm. Combined with the hand-made sketch of the same red aurora seen from the Abashiri Local Meteorological Office (located at 34° magnetic latitude) at 1215 UT, the position of the red aurora is determined via triangulation. It is found that the red aurora reached up to 400 km at 41° magnetic latitude, which is 1.0° higher in magnetic latitude than the red aurora which appeared just before the peak time of the magnetic storm.
A Decision-Analytic Approach to Addressing the Evidence About Football and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy
Authors: Brand Kevin P. , Finkel Adam M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDoubts can be raised about almost any assertion that a particular exposure can lead to an increase in a given adverse health effect. Even some of the most well-accepted causal associations in public health, such as that linking cigarette smoking to increased lung cancer risk, have intriguing research questions remaining to be answered. The inquiry whether an exposure causes a disease is never wholly a yes/no question but ought to follow from an appraisal of the weight of evidence supporting the positive conclusion in light of any coherent theories casting doubt on this evidence and the data supporting these. More importantly, such an appraisal cannot be made sensibly without considering the relative consequences to public health and economic welfare of specific actions based on unwarranted credulity (false positives) versus unwarranted skepticism (false negatives). Here we appraise the weight of evidence for the premise that repeated head impacts (RHIs) in professional football can increase the incidence of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) and, in turn, cause a variety of cognitive and behavioral symptoms. We first dismiss four logical fallacies that should not affect the appraisal of the weight of evidence. We then examine four alternative hypotheses in which RHI is not associated with CTE or symptoms (or both), and we conclude that the chances are small that the RHI→ CTE→ symptoms link is coincidental or artifactual. In particular, we observe that there are many specific interventions for which, even under a skeptical appraisal of the weight of evidence, the costs of a false positive are smaller than the false negative costs of refusing to intervene.
Autonomic Nervous System Derangement as a Predictor of Cardiovascular Disease in Obese Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Taranikanti Madhuri , Dronamraju Akhila , Bala Sudha , Guntuka Rohith Kumar , Mudunuru Aswin Kumar 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background and Aim Cardiovascular disease is more prevalent in women after menopause and particularly in those aged > 60 years. Obesity during menopause has become a growing cause of concern as the source of estrogen during this period is extragonadal. Autonomic function tests serve as effective markers of autonomic activity. Any derangement of autonomic functions in obese postmenopausal women would serve as an early marker for the detection of cardiovascular disease. The aims and objectives of this study were to measure autonomic functions tests in obese postmenopausal women and to correlate the autonomic activity with anthropometric parameters and serum estrogen levels.
Material and Methods A cross-sectional study of 101 postmenopausal women aged > 45 years was undertaken. Women with heart disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and respiratory disorders were excluded from this study. A digital data acquisition system, Lab Chart Pro 8.0 was used to perform the autonomic function tests.
Results Parasympathetic activity decreased significantly with higher body mass index (BMI). Sympathetic activity that includes diastolic blood pressure and blood pressure measured after isometric handgrip test significantly increased with BMI. A strong negative correlation existed between BMI and parasympathetic high-frequency (HF) domain index. There was a strong positive correlation between BMI and serum estradiol levels.
Conclusion Measuring the autonomic activity in obese postmenopausal women along with anthropometric indices and estrogen levels would provide strong evidence of a potential target for existing as well as future heart disease. Any autonomic dysfunction, if detected early, would enable early interventions to prevent heart disease.
Cognitive Control along the Language Spectrum: From the Typical Bilingual Child to Language Impairment
Authors: Marton Klara , Gehebe Thorfun , Pazuelo Lia 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCognitive control refers to the ability to perform goal-directed behaviors in the presence of other compelling actions or in the face of habitual practices. Cognitive control functions play a critical role in children's language processing and literacy development. In recent years, many clinicians have expanded their assessment and treatment to target specific cognitive skills. Our goal is to provide a review of recent findings on cognitive control functions in children with different language status (i.e., monolingual and bilingual children with and without language impairment). While children with language impairment show performance deficits in specific cognitive functions (e.g., working memory updating and interference control), typically developing bilingual children often outperform their monolingual peers in cognitive control tasks. However, the relationship between bilingualism and cognitive control has been controversial. Several factors that influence these variations are discussed. Given the findings on the joint impact of bilingualism and language impairment on cognitive control functions, we identify conditions in which bilingualism attenuates the negative effects of the language deficit and conditions in which language impairment has a stronger effect than bilingualism. Critical issues of bilingual assessment, suggestions, and future directions are discussed.
The Role of Executive Function in Developmental Stuttering
Authors: Anderson Julie D. , Ofoe Levi C. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDevelopmental stuttering is a complex disorder and children who stutter form a heterogeneous group. Most contemporary researchers would agree that multiple factors, including those associated with linguistic, motor, sensory, and emotional processes, are likely involved in its development and/or maintenance. There is growing evidence, however, that cognitive processes also play a role. In this article, we briefly review behavioral and parent-report studies of executive function in children who stutter, the findings of which have generally suggested that these skills may be challenging for at least some children who stutter. We then consider how deficits in executive function could provide an explanatory account for not only the multifactorial nature of developmental stuttering but also the considerable amount of variability that exists among individuals who stutter.
Using the Phylo Card Game to advance biodiversity conservation in an era of Pokémon
Authors: Callahan Megan M. , Echeverri Alejandra , Ng David , Zhao Jiaying , Satterfield Terre 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBroader realization of both increasing biodiversity loss and pressures on ecosystems worldwide has highlighted the importance of public perceptions of species and the subsequent motivations towards improving the status of natural systems. Several new proposals have arisen in reference to environmental learning, including mimicking popular gaming media. Inspired by the popular game Pokémon, the Phylo Trading Card Game (Phylo game) is one such emerging possibility. It was invented as an open-source, competitive, and interactive game to inform players’ knowledge of species, ecosystems, and negative environmental events (e.g., climate change, oil spills, wildfires). The game has now achieved global reach, yet the impact of this game on conservation behavior has never been tested. This study used a randomized control trial to evaluate the Phylo game’s impact on conservation behavior (i.e., Phylo condition). This was compared to an information control condition with a more traditional learning method using a slideshow (i.e., Slideshow condition). A second card game was used to control for the act of playing a game (i.e., Projects condition). We found that ecological perceptions (i.e., the perceived relationship of species to their ecosystems) and species knowledge increased after both the game and the slideshow, but the Phylo Game had the added benefit of promoting more positive affect and more species name recall. It also motivated donation behavior in the direction of preventing negative environmental events instead of directly aiding an individual species or ecosystem. Our findings highlight the potential value of this game as a novel engagement tool for enhancing ecological literacy, motivations, and actions necessary to meet ecological challenges.
The Mpemba effect in spin glasses is a persistent memory effect
Authors: Baity-Jesi Marco , Calore Enrico , Cruz Andres , Fernandez Luis Antonio , Gil-Narvión José Miguel , Gordillo-Guerrero Antonio , Iñiguez David , Lasanta Antonio , Maiorano Andrea , Marinari Enzo , Martin-Mayor Victor , Moreno-Gordo Javier , Muñoz Sudupe Antonio , Navarro Denis , Parisi Giorgio , Perez-Gaviro Sergio , Ricci-Tersenghi Federico , Ruiz-Lorenzo Juan Jesus , Schifano Sebastiano Fabio , Seoane Beatriz , Tarancón Alfonso , Tripiccione Raffaele , Yllanes David 
Published: July 2019

Significance
The Mpemba effect, wherein an initially hotter system relaxes faster when quenched to lower temperatures than an initially cooler system, has attracted much attention. Paradoxically, its very existence is a hot topic. Using massive numerical simulations, we show unambiguously that the Mpemba effect is present in the archetypical model system for complex behavior, spin glasses. We find that the Mpemba effect in spin glasses is due to the aging dynamics of the internal energy, as controlled by the nonequilibrium spin-glass coherence length. Interestingly, the effect is not present when the system remains all of the time in the paramagnetic phase. Therefore, the Mpemba effect suggests itself as an effective probe for a glass transition, potentially useful for other glass-forming systems.
BCL-2 family protein BOK is a positive regulator of uridine metabolism in mammals
Authors: Srivastava Rahul , Cao Zhipeng , Nedeva Christina , Naim Samara , Bachmann Daniel , Rabachini Tatiana , Gangoda Lahiru , Shahi Sanjay , Glab Jason , Menassa Joseph , Osellame Laura , Nelson Tao , Fernandez-Marrero Yuniel , Brown Fiona , Wei Andrew , Ke Francine , O’Reilly Lorraine , Doerflinger Marcel , Allison Cody , Kueh Andrew , Ramsay Rob , Smith Brian J. , Mathivanan Suresh , Kaufmann Thomas , Puthalakath Hamsa 
Published: July 2019

Significance
It is believed that the Bcl-2 family protein Bok has a redundant role similar to Bax and Bak in regulating apoptosis. We report that this protein interacts with the key enzyme involved in uridine biosynthesis, uridine monophosphate synthetase, and positively regulates uridine biosynthesis and chemoconversion of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Bok-deficient cell lines are resistant to 5-FU. Bok down-regulation is a key feature of cell lines and primary colorectal tumor tissues that are resistant to 5-FU. Our data also show that through its impact on nucleotide metabolism, Bok regulates p53 level and cellular proliferation. Our results have implications for developing Bok as a biomarker for 5-FU resistance and for the development of BOK mimetics for sensitizing 5-FU-resistant cancers.
Neural substrates of sexual arousal are not sex dependent
Authors: Mitricheva Ekaterina , Kimura Rui , Logothetis Nikos K. , Noori Hamid R. 
Published: July 2019

Significance
Neuroimaging studies suggest differences in the underlying biology of sexual arousal associated with sex and sexual orientation, yet their findings are conflicting. Following a thorough statistical review of all significant neuroimaging studies, we offer strong quantitative evidence that the neuronal response to visual sexual stimuli, contrary to the widely accepted view, is independent of biological sex. Both men and women show increased activation in many cortical and subcortical brain regions thought to be involved in the response to visual sexual stimuli, while the limited sex differences that have been found and reported previously refer to subjective rating of the content.
Girls’ comparative advantage in reading can largely explain the gender gap in math-related fields
Authors: Breda Thomas , Napp Clotilde 
Published: July 2019

Significance
Women remain strongly underrepresented in math-related fields. This phenomenon is problematic because it contributes to gender inequalities in the labor market and can reflect a loss of talent. The current state of the art is that students’ abilities are not able to explain gender differences in educational and career choices. Relying on the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) data, we show that female students who are good at math are much more likely than male students to be even better in reading. As a consequence, the difference between 15-y-old students’ math and reading abilities, which is likely to be determined by earlier socialization processes, can explain up to 80% of the gender gap in intentions to pursue math-studies and careers.
Marginados en la poesía burlesca colonial
Authors: Cabanillas Cárdenas Carlos F. 
Published: July 2019

Resumen
La poesía satírico burlesca de Juan del Valle y Caviedes (Porcuna, Jaén, 1645-Lima, 1698), fiel a la configuración
lírica de finales del siglo XVII, está muy ligada a la plaza pública y a las circunstancias y acontecimientos producidos en ella.
Por ello, el presente trabajo analiza en algunos textos de Caviedes la representación poética de los mulatos que habitaron la
ciudad de Lima en dicho periodo. Después de revisar las lecturas de Hill (2007) – que
estudia estos textos como “poemas de casta” – se presta particular atención a los modos de representación – y valoración – de este
grupo de sujetos marginales desde la perspectiva de un contemporáneo.
Spin determination by in-plane angular correlation analysis in various coordinate systems *
Authors: Yang Biao , Ye Yan-Lin , Lou Jian-Ling , Yang Xiao-Fei , Li Jing-Jing , Liu Yang , Liu Wei , Yu Han-Zhou 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In the excitation of the resonant state followed by the sequential cluster-decay, the in-plane angular correlation method is usually employed to determine the spin of the mother nucleus. However, the correlation pattern exhibited in a two-dimensional angular-correlation spectrum depends on the selected coordinate system. In particular, the parity-symmetric and axial-symmetric processes should be presented in a way to enhance the correlation pattern, whereas the non-symmetric process should be plotted separately to reduce the background. In this study, three coordinate systems previously adopted for correlation patterns in the literature are described and compared to each other. The consistency among these systems is evaluated based on the experimental data analysis for the 10.29-MeV state in 18O. A spin-parity of 4+ is obtained for all three coordinate systems.
rotational bands in neutron-rich Mo, Ru, and Pd nuclei *
Authors: Dai A-Can , Xu Fu-Rong , Liang Wu-Yang 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The collective rotations of the

configuration in neutron-rich Mo, Ru and Pd isotopes were systematically investigated by the configuration-constrained cranking shell model based on the Skyrme Hartree-Fock method with pairing treated by shell-model diagonalization. The calculations efficiently reproduce the experimental moments of inertia of both the ground-state and side bands. Rotational bands built on two-particle

configurations have been the subject of intense study. Possible configurations were assigned to the observed

bands in 102-106Mo, 108-112Ru and 112-114Pd. We predict the existence of the

bands in 108,110Mo. These results provide deep insights into the structure of neutron-rich nuclei, and provide useful information for future experiments.
Control problems for the stationary MHD equations under mixed boundary conditions
Authors: Alekseev Gennady , Brizitskii Roman 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The optimal control problems for the stationary magnetohydrodynamic equations under inhomogeneous mixed boundary conditions for a magnetic field are considered. The role of control in control problems under study is played by normal component of the magnetic field on the part of the boundary. The existence of optimal solution is proved and optimality system for considered extremum problem is obtained.
Regularity of solutions to non-stationary Navier–Stokes equations
Authors: Amosova E V 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This paper covers a non-stationary system of Navier–Stokes equations for incompressible fluids. A regularized problem is considered that factors in the velocity field being relaxed to a solenoidal field; this problem is used to prove the pressure function exists almost everywhere in the domain for the Hopf class solutions. The proposed regularization proves there exist more regular weak solutions to the initial problem that do not impose smallness restrictions on the input data. The theorem of uniqueness is proven for the 2D case.
Existence and large time behavior for generalized Kelvin-Voigt equations governing nonhomogeneous and incompressible fluids
Authors: Antontsev S N , de Oliveira H B , Khompysh Kh 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Generalized Kelvin-Voigt equations governing nonhomogeneous and incompressible fluids are considered in this work. We assume that, in the momentum equation, the diffusion and relaxation terms are described by two distinct power-laws. Moreover, we assume that the momentum equation is perturbed by an extra term, which, depending on whether its signal is positive or negative, may account for the presence of a source or a sink within the system. For the associated initial-boundary value problem, we study the existence of weak solutions as well as the large time behavior of the solutions.
Hydraulic fracturing of cylindrical concrete bodies in a non-uniform stress field
Authors: Blinov V A , Legan M A 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
An experimental study of the hydraulic fracture of thick-walled cylinders with the application of a diametrical load was carried out on specimens in the form of cylinders with a central circular hole and a circular hole located at a distance of half the radius from the center of the cylinder at an angle of 45 degrees to the load application line. Specimens were made of concrete based on aluminous cement. Ultimate stresses in the material were determined for two types of stress state: under tension in bending conditions and under a compound stress state on the surface of the hole. The modeling of the fracturing process taking into account the inhomogeneity of the stress state near the hole was carried out using the boundary elements method (in the variant of the fictitious load method) and the gradient fracture criterion. Calculation results of the ultimate pressure were compared with experimental data. Experimental study showed scale effect in concrete specimens with stress concentrators.
Acoustic properties of overheated liquid with gas nuclei during temperature increasing
Authors: Agisheva U O , Galimzyanov M N , Vdovenko I I 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The dynamics of weak harmonic disturbances in a superheated water-air bubble medium is studied when in addition to water vapor there is an inert gas (e.g. air) that does not participate in phase transitions. The maps of the stability zones of the considered systems are analyzed depending on the value of the liquid overheating on the “volume content - bubble radius” plane with an increase in the equilibrium pressure from 0.1 to 10 MPa. The effect of the initial pressure amplitude and the overheating (from hundredths to one degree) on the dispersion of harmonic waves as well as the dependence of the increment on the bubble radius for unstable systems are investigated.
Mathematical modeling and numerical analysis of reinforced composite beams
Authors: Golushko S , Buznik V , Nuzhny G 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This paper is devoted to modeling the properties of composite materials and reinforced composite beams. Mathematical relations describing the nonlinear elastic three-point bending of isotropic and reinforced beams with account of different strength and stiffness behavior in tension and compression are obtained. An algorithm for numerical solution of corresponding boundary-value problems is proposed and implemented. Results of numerical analysis were compared to acquired data for polymer matrix and structural carbon fiber reinforced plastics.