bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex Differences in Health‐Related Quality of Life in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer—A Prospective Study
Authors: Bohm Niklas , Karlsson Charlott , Finizia Caterina , Andersson Jessica Skoogh , Almståhl Annica 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo analyse sex differences in health‐related quality of life (HRQL) before, during and up to 3 months posttreatment of head and neck cancer, and to examine the importance of salivary secretion rate for HRQL posttreatment.MethodsPatients were recruited before starting curative oncologic treatment. Clinical examinations were performed including determination of the stimulated salivary secretion rate. HRQL (EORTC C30 and HN35) was reported at baseline, weeks 2, 4 and 6 during treatment and 3 months after treatment.ResultsA total of 56 men and 19 women were included. During treatment, men reported more problems with pain and sexuality, a higher use of painkillers and need for nutritional support during oncologic treatment, while women reported more problems with weight loss and dry mouth. At 3 months posttreatment, women reported more problems and symptoms than men with the highest scores noted for dry mouth, weight loss and sticky saliva. Patients with hyposalivation (≤ 0.7 mL/min) posttreatment reported more problems and symptoms compared with those with a secretion rate of > 0.7 mL/min, especially regarding dry mouth, sticky saliva and social eating (p < 0.001 for all three).ConclusionProblems and symptoms during and postoncologic treatment seem to differ between women and men, which must be taken into consideration by healthcare and dental professionals. Patients with hyposalivation posttreatment have more problems and symptoms and are therefore in greater need of supportive care.
Endodontic access cavity training using artificial teeth and Simodont® dental trainer: A comparison of student performance and acceptance
Authors: Slaczka Damian M. , Shah Rishma , Liu Chuning , Zou Fei , Karunanayake Glen A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntroductionCompetency in endodontic access cavity preparation requires key motor skills, good conceptual understanding, along with an appreciation of 3‐dimensional pulp chamber anatomy. These are traditionally learned using natural or artificial teeth (AT) mounted within a phantom head (PH). Simodont® (Nissin Dental Products INC, JPN) is a haptic virtual reality simulator (HVRS) and offers an alternative to AT for training.AimsThis study aimed to (1) evaluate the evolution in the performance of learners trained to prepare access cavities incorporating Simodont (test group) against learners trained on AT mounted within PH (control group), (2) determine learner acceptability of HVRS.MethodologyForty dental students, with no prior endodontic training, were given instruction and video demonstration of access cavity preparation using a mandibular left 1st molar AT (LL6). Thereafter, they prepared an access cavity on PH mounted AT LL6. This provided a baseline record of performance. Participants were randomly assigned to the test or control groups. The test group (n = 22) trained using Simodont: preparing a virtual tooth LL6 for a period of 60 minutes with instructor feedback. The control group (n = 18) trained using AT LL6 on a PH for 60 minutes with instructor feedback. Subsequently, learners from both groups prepared an access cavity on an AT LL6 in a PH. This provided a re‐evaluation record. Two calibrated examiners graded the teeth from the baseline and re‐evaluation using rubric criteria; assigning scores with a grading range from 0 to 17. The examiners were blinded to which group the teeth belonged. Change in performance was determined by calculating the difference in assessment grade from baseline to re‐evaluation. Scores which improved by 3 or more units were labelled improvers, all other scores were described as non‐improvers.ResultsWithin the test group, the numbers of improvers were 5 (23%) versus 7 (39%) in the control group The difference failed to indicate statistical significance (p = .315). The Cohen kappa values for intra and inter‐examiner agreement were 1.00 and 0.73 respectively.ConclusionThe evolution of skills in learners trained using Simodont is comparable to those trained using AT. It is, therefore, reasonable to use Simodont, which was acceptable to learners, as an adjunct to AT for endodontic access cavity training.
Workload and intention to leave among nurses in Turkey: The mediating roles of organizational identification and work satisfaction
Authors: Seki Esma Aslan , Özlük Bilgen 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimThis study establishes the mediating roles of job satisfaction and organizational identification on the relationship between nurses’ workload and their intention to leave.BackgroundThe shortage of nurses is a prevalent global concern. International studies have shown that many variables are associated with nurses’ intention to leave. There is a shortage of literature on some of these variables, which this study is designed to address.MethodsThis study employs a descriptive, exploratory, and correlational design. It was conducted with 373 nurses from seven different hospitals in Turkey. The Workload Scale, the Minnesota Work Satisfaction Scale, the Organizational Identification Scale, and the Intention to Leave Scale were applied in the study.ResultsThe structural equation model shows that the workload of nurses has a negative effect on work satisfaction (β = −0.74; p < 0.001) and organizational identification (β = −0.24; p < 0.001) and a positive impact on intention to leave (β = 0.30; p < 0.001). In addition, work satisfaction (β = −0.32; p < 0.001) and organizational identification (β = −0.24; p < 0.001 were found to affect the intention to leave negatively intention to leave. After the bootstrapping process, the indirect effect was found to be significant.Discussion/conclusionsThe research findings indicate that work satisfaction and organizational identification mediate the correlation between nurses’ workload and their intention to leave. The findings highlight the need for precautions by revealing the risks of nursing shortages anticipated both today and in the future.Implications for nursing policyIn the global nursing crisis, healthcare managers and policymakers must develop strategies to protect the nursing workforce. Policymakers should make sustainable decisions by conducting national self‐assessments on the impact of workload, job satisfaction, and organizational identification on intention to leave to retain nurses.
Moral Distress in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Experienced by Nurses Caring for Critically Ill Neonates: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Sakai Misako , Tanaka Koji , Nagata Kyoko , Ichinoyama Ryuji 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAimsTo elucidate the meaning of moral distress in nurses caring for critically ill neonates.DesignQualitative study using Husserl's descriptive phenomenology.MethodsBetween April and December 2022, unstructured interviews were conducted with 11 nurses with at least 3 years of neonatal intensive care unit experience in Japan. They were asked to recall experiences of moral distress and to speak freely about their thoughts and feelings at the time. The analysis followed Colaizzi's seven‐step method.ResultsThree themes (‘organisational constraints’, ‘regret’ and ‘unshared experiences’) and seven subtheme clusters were extracted from the nurses' narratives of moral distress, which was the basis of trauma. Subtheme clusters included ‘wavering beliefs’, ‘guilt associated with the death of a child’, ‘powerlessness at being unable to help one's family’ and ‘mismatch with the perceptions and feelings of the family’.ConclusionNurses experience various morally distressing events, but these are processed only as personal problems and give rise to feelings of self‐negation. Therefore, trauma can develop as a result of experiences related to decision‐making and the child's best interests. There is a need to improve nurses' moral resilience and ensure their psychological safety to alleviate moral distress.Implications for the ProfessionThis study clarifies nurses' roles within the neonatal intensive care unit, potentially helping them to handle life‐and‐death issues and cope with feelings of moral distress.ImpactThis study elucidated the meanings of powerlessness underlying the moral distress experienced by neonatal intensive care unit nurses. These results will contribute to releasing suppressed feelings and thoughts and alleviating unavoidable moral distress in this setting.Reporting MethodThis study was performed in accordance with the COREQ guidelines.Patient or Public ContributionNurses with experience in neonatal intensive care unit nursing participated as interviewees. They also verified the credibility of survey results and ensured analytical rigour.
Exploring the Current Applications and Effectiveness of ChatGPT in Nursing: An Integrative Review
Authors: Luo Yuan , Miao Yiqun , Zhao Yuhan , Li Jiawei , Wu Ying 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAimsTo systematically review the current application status of ChatGPT in nursing and explore its application effects.DesignAn integrative review.MethodsFollowing inclusion and exclusion criteria, two researchers summarised the selected literature and conducted a quality appraisal, followed by narrative synthesis.Data SourcesPubMed, Web of Science and Scopus were searched from January 2022 to June 2024.ResultsA total of 31 papers met the inclusion criteria. Fifteen empirical studies were rated as grade 5, while five were rated as grade 4. The references of a minireview were not recently published and lacked ChatGPT‐related articles, and a systematic review was of low quality. The review focused on three main topics: (1) The subsidiary role of ChatGPT in nursing; (2) Comparison of different models' effectiveness and (3) Existing challenges.ConclusionsWhile adopting new technologies such as ChatGPT, it is important to maintain a balanced perspective on both its benefits and limitations. Nursing professionals must actively address these deficiencies and explore solutions to improve ChatGPT's utility in the field.Implications to the Profession and Patient CareThis review synthesised evidence on ChatGPT's application and highlighted existing challenges in nursing. Nursing researchers, educators and practitioners can further validate these findings to explore its potential in various aspects of nursing practice.ImpactFor researchers, ChatGPT can enhance language quality and summarise findings effectively, but adherence to research standards is crucial. For educators, ChatGPT can serve as an effective information source for students, though caution should be taken to avoid overreliance. For practitioners, ChatGPT can offer useful suggestions for clinical practice, but these should be critically evaluated and not followed blindly, as issues of inaccuracy must be addressed.Reporting MethodThis review adhered to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Is glucose‐induced hypersecretion of glicentin after the revision surgery using Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass related to improved glycemic control due to insulin hypersecretion in a type 2 diabetes patient without diabetes remission after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy?
Authors: Yamamoto Yukako , Sekine Osamu , Ito‐Kobayashi Jun , Nishida Ayane , Togawa Takeshi , Ozamoto Yuki , Oe Yasumitsu , Hagiwara Akeo , Kobayashi Masaki , Kitamura Tadahiro , Iwanishi Masanori , Shimatsu Akira , Kashiwagi Atsunori 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTWe report case details of a morbidly obese patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who became a failure of diabetes remission after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). He had a marked improvement of hyperglycemia after the revision surgery using Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass (RYGB), where passage failure of a solid food intake at the gastric angle portion disappeared after the revision surgery. Interestingly, he showed improvements of insulin and a marked glicentin secretions with minor changes in glucagon related peptide 1 (GLP‐1) and glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) secretions in the oral glucose tolerance test OGTT after the RYGB surgery compared with post‐LSG. Although a marked increase in glucose‐induced glicentin secretion after RYGB surgery with increased insulin secretion, further studies are needed to confirm if the increased glicentin secretion after RYGB surgery is linked to stimulation of insulin secretion.
Market versus policy responses to novel occupational risks
Authors: Cramer Robert J. , Gentry Elissa Philip , Viscusi W. Kip 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe unprecedented occupational risks posed by the COVID‐19 pandemic prompted employers to boost wages and federal authorities to propose hazard pay policies. This article estimates a market‐based compensating differential for workers facing elevated risks through contact with the public using CPS employment data for 2019–2020 and occupational characteristic data from the US Department of Labor's Occupational Information Network. The estimated premium for exposure was roughly $820 overall and $1000 for essential workers. These premiums fall short of those proposed—but not enacted—by the federal government and are more commensurate with estimates of the value of a statistical life than were the federal proposals.
The limits of diplomacy by treaty: Evidence from China's bilateral investment treaty program
Authors: Chilton Adam , Rao Weijia 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe web of over 3000 Bilateral Investment Treaties (“BITs”) is the primary body of international law regulating cross‐border investments. Research suggests that these treaties may have had a limited impact on promoting new investments, but that they still may have helped to improve countries' political relationships. In this paper, we document that this pattern was reversed for one of the most prolific signers of BITs: China. Using a stacked‐event research design, we find that Chinese BITs are associated with an increase in Bilateral Foreign Direct Investment Flows but a divergence in voting patterns at the United Nations. We then explore two explanations for why the Chinese BIT program led to increased investment while also producing foreign policy divergence: that the domestic political costs of economic engagement with China push countries away, and that there are offsetting international pressures that have stronger pulls than China's efforts. We find no support for the domestic political costs explanation, but we do find evidence that the countries that received increased aid from the United States after signing a Chinese BIT had greater foreign policy divergence with China.
Effect of protease inhibitors on the intraerythrocytic development of Babesia microti and Babesia duncani, the causative agents of human babesiosis
Authors: Aderanti Temitope , Marshall Jordan M. , Thekkiniath Jose 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHuman babesiosis is a malaria‐like, tick‐borne infectious disease with a global distribution. Babesiosis is caused by intraerythrocytic, apicomplexan parasites of the genus Babesia. In the United States, human babesiosis is caused by Babesia microti and Babesia duncani. Current treatment for babesiosis includes either the combination of atovaquone and azithromycin or the combination of clindamycin and quinine. However, the side effects of these agents and the resistance posed by these parasites call for alternative approaches for treating human babesiosis. Proteases play several roles in the context of parasitic lifestyle and regulate basic biological processes including cell death, cell progression, and cell migration. Using the SYBR Green‐1 assay, we screened a protease inhibitor library that consisted of 160 compounds against B. duncani in vitro and identified 13 preliminary hits. Dose response assays of hit compounds against B. duncani and B. microti under in vitro conditions identified five effective inhibitors against parasite growth. Of these compounds, we chose ixazomib, a proteasome inhibitor as a potential drug for animal studies based on its lower IC50 and a higher therapeutic index in comparison with other compounds. Our results suggest that Babesia proteasome may be an important drug target and that developing this class of drugs may be important to combat human babesiosis.
Fine structural features of the free‐living stages of Amyloodinium ocellatum (Dinoflagellata, Thoracosphaeraceae): A marine fish ectoparasite
Authors: Li Zhicheng , Zhuang Jingyu , Cao Jizhen , Han Qing , Luo Zhi , Wang Baotun , Wang Hebing , Dong Chuanfu , Li Anxing 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAmyloodinium ocellatum is a protozoan parasite that causes amyloodiniosis in marine and brackish water fish, threatening global aquaculture. The present study investigates the morphology and ultrastructure of the free‐living stages of A. ocellatum (tomont and dinospore) using light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Dinospores measured 13.03–19.66 μm in length, 12.32–18.71 μm in width, and were laterally flattened. Dinospores had a transverse flagellum for propulsion and a longitudinal flagellum for direction control. The cyst wall had three distinct layers and included cellulose. The outer wall was coated with numerous bacteria. The orange‐red speckled eyespot was observed all tomont developmental stages and in the dinospore of A. ocellatum. Tomonts proliferation required successive nuclear division, the formation of new cyst walls, and cytoplasmic segregation. The cytoplasm comprises mainly the matrix, organelles, and inclusions. The matrix was grainy and evenly distributed. In addition to organelles, including mitochondria with tubular cristae, Golgi apparatus, and endoplasmic reticulum, the cytoplasm had starch grains and lipid droplets as inclusions. The A. ocellatum cells lacked chloroplasts. This study provides the first ultrastructural view of the cytoplasmic structure of the free‐living stages of A. ocellatum.
Addressing campus–community relationships using the three corners marriage model
Authors: Zvonkovic Anisa M. , Standifer Alton , Dumlao Rebecca , Gavazzi Stephen M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCampus–community partnerships are essential to the field of family science. Like many other academic units in the applied social sciences, family science departments connect with communities to train students and engage in outreach, fulfilling the mission of many institutions, particularly land‐grant universities. Establishing, nurturing, maintaining, monitoring, and improving these partnerships benefits academia, the scholarly institution in question, and the organizations and individuals in their host communities. This paper focuses on the application of a family science‐derived theoretical model to illuminate connections between institutions of higher education and the communities in which they are situated, for better or for worse. Using case studies and real‐life examples, we adapt the three corners theory of relationships to campus and community partnerships, illuminating how external interests and investment in the partnership can affect the productivity of joint initiatives.
Physical constraints on the positions and dimensions of the zebrafish swim bladder by surrounding bones
Authors: Satoh Koumi , Maeno Akiteru , Adachi Urara , Ishizaka Mizuki , Yamada Kazuya , Koita Rina , Nakazawa Hidemichi , Oikawa Sae , Fujii Renka , Furudate Hiroyuki , Kawamura Akinori 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPrecise regulation of organ size and position is crucial for optimal organ function. Since the swim bladder is primarily responsible for buoyancy in teleosts, early development and subsequent inflation of the swim bladder should be appropriately controlled with the body growth. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we show that the size and position of the swim bladder are physically constrained by the surrounding bones in zebrafish. Non‐invasive micro‐CT scanning revealed that the anterior edge of the swim bladder is largely attached to the os suspensorium, which is an ossicle extending medioventrally from the 4th centrum. Additionally, we observed that hoxc6a mutants, which lack the os suspensorium, exhibited an anterior projection of the swim bladder beyond the 4th vertebra. During the swim bladder development, we found that the counterclockwise rotation of the os suspensorium correlates with posterior regression of the swim bladder, suggesting that the os suspensorium pushes the swim bladder posteriorly into its proper position. Furthermore, our results revealed a close association between the posterior region of the swim bladder and the pleural ribs. In hoxaa cluster mutants with additional ribs, the swim bladder expanded posteriorly, accompanied by an enlarged body cavity. Taken together, our results demonstrate the importance of the surrounding bones in the robust regulation of swim bladder size and position in zebrafish.
Social Enterprise Referents: How Social Enterprises Help Organize Nascent Fields to Address Complex Societal Problems
Authors: Reinecke Pauline C. , Wrona Thomas 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAddressing societal challenges requires engaging diverse actors, but clashes between social and commercial interests often hinder coordination. In established fields, conflicting social interests can be integrated by challenging dominant commercial positions and rallying powerful actors. However, creating new fields without established actors and coordination mechanisms is more complex, especially when interests conflict. We explore this challenge through the development of reusable containers for takeaway food and beverages, where incompatible perspectives initially led to a field impasse. A pioneering social enterprise blending commercial and social interests emerged as a referent, facilitating collaboration and breaking the impasse. After initial field organizing succeeded, regulatory changes and increased demand exposed the shortcomings of early solutions, leading to setbacks. New social enterprises developed solutions to fill supply–demand gaps, anchoring new models in a market and driving both standardization and innovation. We introduce the concept of ‘social enterprise referents’ to highlight their essential role in organizing nascent fields to address complex societal issues. Without these referents, models for building new fields struggle to take hold. Successfully transitioning from an underorganized to an organized field requires sustained efforts from multiple social enterprise referents to anchor solutions in a market and uphold collaboration with field actors.