bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrogen Rich Water Improved Ventilatory, Perceptual and Lactate Responses to Exercise
Authors: Botek Michal , Krejčí Jakub , McKune Andrew J. , Sládečková Barbora , Naumovski Nenad 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe potential anti-fatigue and performance benefits of hydrogen rich water (HRW) have resulted in increased research interest over the past 5 years. The aim of this study was to assess physiological and perceptual responses to an incremental exercise protocol after administration of 600 ml HRW within 30 min before exercise. This randomized, double blinded placebo-controlled cross over study included twelve healthy males aged 27.1±4.9 years. The exercise protocol consisted of a 10 min warm-up at 1.0 W.kg−1, followed by 8 min at 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 W.kg−1, respectively. Cardio-respiratory variables, lactate and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were assessed in the last minute of each step. A significantly lower blood lactate was found with HRW (4.0±1.6 and 8.9±2.2 mmol.l−1) compared to Placebo (5.1±1.9 and 10.6±3.0 mmol.l−1) at 3.0, and 4.0 W.kg−1, respectively. Ventilatory equivalent for oxygen and RPE exhibited significantly lower values with HRW (32.3±7.2, and 17.8±1.2 points, respectively) compared to Placebo (35.0±8.4, and 18.5±0.8 points, respectively) at 4 W.kg−1. To conclude, acute pre-exercise supplementation with HRW reduced blood lactate at higher exercise intensities, improved exercise-induced perception of effort, and ventilatory efficiency.
Prediction of ECMO and Mortality in Neonates with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Using the SNAP-II Score
Authors: Kipfmueller Florian , Schroeder Lukas , Melaku Tamene , Geipel Annegret , Berg Christoph , Gembruch Ulrich , Heydweiller Andreas , Bendixen Charlotte , Reutter Heiko , Müller Andreas 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background The mortality of neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) ranges between 20 and 40% even in specialized high-volume centers. The Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology-II (SNAP-II Score) could facilitate the decision about supportive therapies in CDH newborns.
Methods The SNAP-II score consists of the variables arterial blood pressure, pH, PaO2:FiO2, body temperature, diuresis, and seizure activity and was calculated at an age of 12 h.
Results 101 CDH newborns treated in our institution between 2009 and 2017 were included in the study. A SNAP-II score ≥ 28 was calculated as cutoff for predicting mortality (AUC 0.876; 95% CI: 0.795–0.957). The mortality rate was 52.9% with a SNAP-II score ≥ 28, and 5.9% with a SNAP-II score<28. Sensitivity and specificity for predicting mortality was 81.8 and 79.7%, the negative predicting value (NPV) was 94.0%, the positive predicting value (PPV) 52.9%. The optimal cutoff for predicting ECMO was ≥ 22 (AUC 0.895; 95% CI: 0.836–0.954). Sensitivity and specificity for predicting ECMO therapy was 90.7, and 63.8%, the NPV was 90.2%, and the PPV was 65% respectively. The SNAP-II score was independently associated with mortality [OR 1.126 (95% CI: 1.050–1.207)] and the need for ECMO therapy [OR 1.243 (95% CI: 1.106–1.397)].
Conclusion The SNAP-II score is strongly associated with mortality and the need for ECMO therapy in CDH newborns and should be implemented in the risk stratification of these infants.
Morus alba Stem Extract Suppresses Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMP)-1, MMP-9, and Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 Expression via Inhibition of IκBα Degradation Induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS Signal in THP-1 Cells
Authors: Yiemwattana Ichaya , Kaomongkolgit Ruchadaporn , Wirojchanasak Sodsi , Chaisomboon Niratcha 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study is to evaluate the inhibitory effects of M. alba stem extract (MSE) on the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-1, MMP-9, and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 in Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated-acute monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1).
Materials and Methods THP-1 cells were treated with noncytotoxic concentrations of MSE combined with 1 µg/mL of P. gingivalis LPS. The mRNA levels of MMP-1, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 were evaluated via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The secreted proteins in the culture media were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The degradation of inhibitor of kappa B-alpha (IκBα) protein was tracked by Western blotting.
Statistical Analysis Comparisons in experiments were analyzed with analysis of variance followed by Tukey honestly significant difference comparison test.
ResultsTwenty and 40 µg/mL of MSE significantly downregulated MMP-1 and MMP-9 genes and protein expression but upregulated the gene expression of TIMP-1 (p < 0.05). P. gingivalis LPS induced degradation of IκBα, while addition of MSE (20 and 40 µg/mL) increased IκBα cytosolic levels. MSE was able to suppress the P. gingivalis LPS-induced MMPs expression and also increased the gene expression of TIMP-1 via the inhibition of the cytoplasmic IκBα degradation in THP-1 cells.
Conclusions The present observations suggest that MSE exerted a positive effect on the regulatory mechanism between MMPs and TIMP, which is an important implication for the therapeutic potential of MSE in periodontitis.
Hydroxyapatite in Oral Biofilm Management
Authors: Meyer Frederic , Enax Joachim 
Published: October 2019

AbstractParticulate hydroxyapatite, Ca5 (PO4)3 (OH), shows a good biocompatibility and is used as a biomimetic ingredient in dental care formulations due to its similarity to human enamel. Numerous studies show its efficiency, for example, in reducing dentin hypersensitivity, and in the remineralization of enamel and dentin. In addition, oral care products with hydroxyapatite improve periodontal health under in vivo conditions. This review article summarizes data on the effects of hydroxyapatite particles in oral biofilm management. Two databases (PubMed and SciFinder) were searched for studies using specific search terms. In contrast to frequently used antibacterial agents for biofilm control, such as chlorhexidine, stannous salts, and quaternary ammonium salts, hydroxyapatite particles in oral care products lead to a reduction in bacterial attachment to enamel surfaces in situ without having pronounced antibacterial effects or showing unwanted side effects such as tooth discoloration. Furthermore, antibacterial agents might lead to dysbiosis of the oral ecology, which was recently discussed regarding pros and cons. Remarkably, the antiadherent properties of hydroxyapatite particles are comparable to those of the gold standard in the field of oral care biofilm management, chlorhexidine in situ. Although biomimetic strategies have been less well analyzed compared with commonly used antibacterial agents in oral biofilm control, hydroxyapatite particles are a promising biomimetic alternative or supplement for oral biofilm management.
Fibrinogen Supplementation and Its Indications
Authors: Grottke Oliver , Mallaiah Shuba , Karkouti Keyvan , Saner Fuat , Haas Thorsten 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAdequate plasma levels of fibrinogen are essential for clot formation, and in severe bleeding, fibrinogen reaches a critically low plasma concentration earlier than other coagulation factors. Although the critical minimum concentration of fibrinogen to maintain hemostasis is a matter of debate, many patients with coagulopathic bleeding require fibrinogen supplementation. Among the treatment options for fibrinogen supplementation, fibrinogen concentrate may be viewed by some as preferable to fresh frozen plasma or cryoprecipitate. The authors review major studies that have assessed fibrinogen treatment in trauma, cardiac surgery, end-stage liver disease, postpartum hemorrhage, and pediatric patients. Some but not all randomized controlled trials have shown that fibrinogen concentrate can be beneficial in these settings. The use of fibrinogen as part of coagulation factor concentrate based therapy guided by point-of-care viscoelastic coagulation monitoring (ROTEM [rotational thromboelastometry] or TEG [thromboelastography]) appears promising. In addition to reducing patients' exposure to allogeneic blood products, this strategy may reduce the risk of complications such as transfusion-associated circulatory overload, transfusion-related acute lung injury, and thromboembolic adverse events. Randomized controlled trials are challenging to perform in patients with critical bleeding, and more evidence is needed in this setting. However, current scientific rationale and clinical data support fibrinogen repletion in patients with ongoing bleeding and confirmed fibrinogen deficiency.
TaqMan Real-Time Quantification of Epstein-Barr Virus in Severe Early Childhood Caries
Authors: Yildirim Sibel , Yildiz Esma , Kubar Ayhan 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTObjectives: Early childhood caries (ECC) has several risk factors and it is important stressful/ painful events of childhood and immunosuppression may occur during this unique rampant caries pattern. The changes in the host immune competence by compromised cellular immune system functions can activate Epstein Barr virus (EBV). The objective of this study was to determine whether the supragingival plaque samples of severe-ECC (S-ECC) patients harbor more EBV load than the non-carious healthy children by quantitative TaqMan Real-Time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Methods: Sixty subjects, including 30 S-ECC patients as well as age and gender matched 30 caries- free patients were studied. The supragingival plaque samples were collected from patients by brushing their teeth for 1 minute and the toothbrush was washed in 1 ml of sterile deionized water. After viral DNA extraction, TaqMan real-time PCR assay was used to quantify EBV DNA. Dental treatments were completed for all S-ECC patients and they were called for routine controls. Only 10 treated S-ECC patients were come to the 3rd months control and post-treatment viral sampling was made in the same manner.Results: EBV DNA was detected 16 of 30 S-ECC patients and 6 of the healthy controls (P<.001). There was no relationship between baseline and post-treatment samples of 10 treated S-ECC patients.Conclusions: The results of the study suggest that oro-dental hygiene motives of S-ECC patients might be important contributory factor for S-ECC and EBV would not be involved in the etiopathogenesis of ECC. (Eur J Dent 2010;4:28-33)
The Effect of ACL Reconstruction on Involved and Contralateral Limb Vastus Lateralis Morphology and Histology: A Pilot Study
Authors: Leszczynski Eric C. , Kuenze Christopher , Brazier Brett , Visker Joseph , Ferguson David P. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractQuadriceps muscle weakness is a commonly reported issue post anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), with minimal information related to skeletal muscle morphology following surgery. The purpose is to examine the morphological and functional differences in the vastus lateralis muscle from patient's ACLR and contralateral leg. Three physically active ACLR participants were recruited and secured to a dynamometer to perform maximal voluntary isometric knee extension contractions (MVIC) of the ACLR and contralateral limb. Muscle biopsies of the ACLR and contralateral vastus lateralis were performed, then sectioned, and stained for myosin isoforms to determine fiber type. Confocal images were acquired, and ImageJ software was used to determine the fiber type and cross-sectional area (CSA). There was a significant reduction in CSA of the type IIa and type IIx muscle fiber cells between healthy (IIa: 7,718 ± 1,295 µm2; IIx; 5,800 ± 601 µm2) and ACLR legs (IIa: 4,139 ± 709 µm2; IIx: 3,708 ± 618 µm2) (p < 0.05), while there was no significant difference in knee extension MVIC torque between legs (healthy limb: 2.42 ± 0.52 Nm/kg; ACLR limb: 2.05 ± 0.24 Nm/kg, p = 0.11). The reduction in the cross-sectional area of the ACLR type II fibers could impair function and increase secondary injury risk.
Tooth Sensitivity in Fluorotic Teeth
Authors: Tonguc Mine Ozturk , Ozat Yener , Sert Tugba , Sonmez Yonca , Kirzioglu F Yesim 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTObjectives: The aim of this study was to compare the demographic and clinical features of tooth sensitivity (TS) in subjects with and without fluorosis. Methods: A total of 2249 subjects (378 subjects with fluorosis and 1871 subjects without fluorosis) were examined for TS during a study period of one year and TS was determined in 122 subjects. The level of TS was evaluated on a visual analogue scale (VAS). The sensitivity evaluation was made by applying tactile and cold air stimuli. In teeth sensitive to any stimuli, the plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), gingival recession (GR) and periodontal pocket depth (PPD) were recorded. Fluorosis was assessed using the Dean Index. Results: One hundred and twenty-two participants were found to have TS (5.42%). The frequency of TS in subjects with fluorosis was 9.26%, while the frequency of TS in subjects without fluorosis was 4.65%. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of TS frequency (P=0.0003). In contrast, there were no significant differences between the groups for periodontal parameters except PI. Conclusions: The results of the study showed that the subjects with fluorosis may have been suffering from TS more than the subjects with normal dentition. Further studies are necessary to determine the factors that contribute to sensitivity of teeth with fluorosis. (Eur J Dent 2011;5:273-280)
Median Rhomboid Glossitis: A Clinical and Microbiological Study
Authors: Goregen Mustafa , Miloglu Ozkan , Buyukkurt Mustafa Cemil , Caglayan Fatma , Aktas Ayse Esin 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTObjectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between median rhomboid glossitis (MRG) and Candida and bacteria species, prevalence and possible association with age, gender, smoking, denture wearing, and diabetes mellitus. Methods: Tongue examinations were performed on 4244 consecutive patients. Of all the examined patients, 30 diagnosed with MRG were selected as the study group and another 30 patients were selected as the control group, and these 2 groups were compared in terms of age and gender. Tongue cultures from these 60 patients were subjected to bacterial and mycological examinations. Results: MRG frequency was detected to be 0.7%. In mycological examination, Candida species were determined in 90.0% of the MRG patients and in 46.6% of the control group. This difference was statistically significant. Multivariate logistic regression indicated that diabetes mellitus and 20–39 years of age were significantly related to MRG. However, the association between MRG, gender, smoking, and 40–69 years of age was not statistically significant. Conclusions: It was determined that although there was a significant association between MRG, Candida and diabetes mellitus, the possible risk factors such as gender, smoking, and denture wearing for oral candidiasis were invalid for MRG. (Eur J Dent 2011;5:367-372)
Influence of a prophylaxis paste on surface roughness of different composites, porcelain, enamel and dentin surfaces
Authors: Yurdaguven Haktan , Aykor Arzu , Ozel Emre , Sabuncu Hilmi , Soyman Mubin 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTObjective: To investigate the effect of a prophylaxis paste on surface roughness of different composites, enamel, dentin and porcelain surfaces.Methods: Three different composites (FiltekZ250/Group1, Filtek Supreme XT/Group2, Premise/ Group3), enamel/Group4, dentin/Group5 and porcelain/Group6 samples were used in this study. All specimens were prepared flat by SiC discs and polished with a diamond polishing paste. The surface roughness measurements were determined with a profilometer after polishing (initial surface roughness). Prophylaxis paste was applied to the samples for 12 seconds, renewing every 6 seconds. After cleaning the samples, roughness values were measured again. Data were analyzed by Kruskal Wallis and Dunn’s multiple comparison test. Wilcoxon test was performed for the comparison of the initial and final surface roughness values (P<.05). The results were evaluated within the P<.05 confidence level.Results: The mean %SMHC was:C=77.27%, CL= 72.45%, SL=78.43%, G=66.65% and P=67.95%. Comparing the %SMHC promoted by 5 soft drinks, SL = C > CL > P = G (P<.05). There was not significant correlation between %SMHC and the other variables tested for the five drinks (P>>.05)Results: The initial and final surface roughness values (μm) were determined as follows: Group1: 0.039±0.009 and 0.157±0.018, Group2: 0.023±0.005 and 0.145±0.027, Group3: 0.028±0.008 and 0.109±0.012, Group4: 0.024±0.006 and 0.071±0.015, Group5: 0.030±0.007 and 0.143±0.029, Group6: 0.024±0.006 and 0.064±0.014. Significant difference was determined between the initial and final values for all groups.Conclusions: Composite and dentin surfaces were more affected by the application of prophylaxis paste than enamel and porcelain surfaces. The prophylaxis paste increased the surface roughness of all groups, but did not reach the bacterial retention roughness rate of 0.2μm. (Eur J Dent 2012;6:1-8)
Dental anomalies in the primary dentition of Turkish children
Authors: Kapdan Arife , Kustarci Alper , Buldur Burak , Arslan Dilara , Kapdan Alper 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTObjectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of double teeth, hypodontia, microdontia, and hyperdontia of primary teeth in Turkish children.Methods:The study group comprised 1149 children (554 girls, 595 boys). The children were examined in twelve local nurseries in Sivas, Turkiye. Clinical data were collected by four dentists according to Kreiborg criteria; which includes double teeth, hypodontia, microdontia, and supernumerary teeth. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using the chi-square test.Results: Dental anomalies were found in 2.0% of children. The distribution of dental anomalies were significantly more frequent (P=.023) in boys (2.9%, n=17) than in girls (1.1%, n=6). In relation to anomaly frequencies at different ages, no difference was found (P = .760).Conclusions: Double teeth were the most frequently (1.3%) observed anomaly. The other anomalies followed as; 0.3% supernumerary teeth, 0.3% microdontia, 0.2% hypodontia. Identification of dental anomalies in the anterior region at an early age is of great importance for esthetic and orthodontic treatment planning. (Eur J Dent 2012;6:178-183)
Study of thyroid hormones free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in subjects with dental fluorosis
Authors: Hosur Mahadevi B , Puranik S R , Vanaki Shrinivas , Puranik Surekha R 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTObjective: Apart from its well-known deleterious dental and skeletal effects, fluoride excess can have toxic effects on many other tissues. Fluoride, when in excess, is known to interfere with thyroid gland function. Fluoride-induced thyroid disturbances similar to those observed in iodine deficiency state in spite of adequate iodine intake have been documented. Similar thyroid disturbances in individuals with dental fluorosis have not been well studied in populations with endemic fluorosis. This work was undertaken to study the effects of fluoride-induced thyroid disturbances in individuals with dental fluorosis.Methods: The study group included 65 subjects with dental fluorosis from endemic fluorosis populations. An additional control group was comprised of 10 subjects without dental fluorosis. The drinking water fluoride levels of the study populations were analyzed. Serum free FT3, FT4, and TSH levels of both groups were assessed.Results: All subjects with dental fluorosis had serum levels of thyroid hormones (FT3, FT4, and TSH) within the normal range, with the exception of 1 individual, who had elevated levels of TSH. Statistical significance was found when FT3 and TSH values were compared with different Dean’s index groups by a 1-way ANOVA test: FT3 (F = 3.4572; P=.0377) and TSH (F = 3.2649 and P=.0449).Conclusions: Findings of this study did not show any significant alterations in the levels of the thyroid hormones FT3, FT4, and TSH in subjects with dental fluorosis. Our observations suggest that thyroid hormone levels were not altered in subjects with dental fluorosis. Hence, future studies of this kind, along with more detailed investigations are needed. (Eur J Dent 2012;6:184-190)
The effect of one-step and multi-step polishing systems on the surface roughness and microhardness of novel resin composites
Authors: Erdemir Ugur , Sancakli Hande Sar , Yildiz Esra 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTObjectives: The objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate the surface roughness and microhardness of three novel resin composites containing nanoparticles after polishing with one-step and conventional multi-step polishing systems.Methods: A total of 126 specimens (10 X 2 mm) were prepared in a metal mold using three nanocomposites (Filtek Supreme XT, Ceram-X, and Grandio), 21 specimens of each resin composite for both tests (n=63 for each test). Following light curing, seven specimens from each group received no polishing treatment and served as controls for both tests. The specimens were randomly polished using PoGo and Sof-Lex systems for 30 seconds after being wet-ground with 1200-grit silicon carbide paper. The mean surface roughness of each polished specimen was determined with a profilometer. The microhardness was determined using a Vickers hardness measuring instrument with a 200-g load and 15 seconds dwell time. The data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and the post hoc Dunn's multiple comparison tests at a significance level of .05.Results: Among all materials, the smoothest surfaces were obtained under a matrix strip (control) (P<.05). There were no statistically significant differences among polishing systems in the resin composites for surface roughness (P>.05). The lowest hardness values for the three resin composites were obtained with a matrix strip, and there was a statistically significant difference compared with other polishing systems (P<.05) whereas no statistically significant differences were observed between the polishing systems (P<.05).Conclusion: The current one-step polishing system appears to be as effective as multi-step systems and may be preferable for polishing resin composite restorations. (Eur J Dent 2012;6:198-205)
Surgical treatment of posttraumatic ankylosis of the TMJ with different pathogenic mechanisms
Authors: Baykul Timucin , Aydin Mustafa Asim , Nasir Serdar Nazif , Toptas Orcun 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTObjectives: Posttraumatic ankylosis of the TMJ can be caused by many different pathogenic mechanisms. Prosthetic alloplastic grafts and autogenous grafts are the options for surgical treatment.Methods: Seven patients were examined clinically and radiologically. Autogenous interpositioners were used for treatment of TMJ ankylosis.Results: No major complications were seen after surgery. Interincisal distances have significantly widened following mouth opening exercises for one year.Conclusions:Human skulls have many structure and shape differences, so it is difficult to replace a jaw joint successfully with an artificial one. Using autogenous tissues seems an appropriate choice for treatment. (Eur J Dent 2012;6:318-323)
Declining CO
2
price paths
Authors: Daniel Kent D. , Litterman Robert B. , Wagner Gernot 
Published: October 2019

Significance
Risk and uncertainty are important in pricing climate damages. Despite a burgeoning literature, attempts to marry insights from asset pricing with climate economics have largely failed to supplement—let alone supplant—decades-old climate–economy models, largely due to their analytic and computational complexity. Here, we introduce a simple, modular framework that identifies core trade-offs, highlights the sensitivity of results to key inputs, and helps pinpoint areas for further work.