bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ensino Superior no Brasil das últimas décadas: redução nas desigualdades de acesso?
Authors: Salata André 
Published: November 2018

Nas últimas décadas podemos identificar uma significativa expansão do Ensino Superior no Brasil, acompanhada de importantes alterações na composição socioeconômica dos estudantes. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é verificar se esses movimentos levaram também a uma redução das desigualdades nas chances de acesso a esse nível educacional. Com base nos dados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (IBGE), para os anos de 1995, 2005 e 2015, buscaremos não somente descrever as tendências observadas nas duas últimas décadas, como também testar empiricamente, por meio de modelos multivariados, a hipótese de redução das desigualdades de acesso. Mais especificamente, estaremos interessados em avaliar a possível redução dos efeitos de classe de origem sobre as chances de acesso ao Ensino Superior, assim como sobre a qualidade desse acesso, se através da rede pública ou privada, ao longo das últimas duas décadas.
Métodos Móveis
Authors: Büscher Monika , Veloso Leticia 
Published: November 2018

Este artigo discute os chamados métodos móveis em sua relação com o novo paradigma das mobilidades e com o papel central do movimento na produção de realidades e mundos sociais e sociofísicos. Em vez de oferecer um “manual de pesquisa”, o artigo apresenta algumas pesquisas emblemáticas no uso desses métodos e como elas avançam nossa compreensão sobre as mobilidades em seus aspectos sociais, políticos, epistemológicos e emocionais. Os exemplos estão agrupados em torno de eixos temáticos: (1) mover-se e tornar-se, (2) mover-se e o movimento, (3) mover-se e comover-se, e (4) mover-se por impulso. Concluímos sugerindo que os métodos móveis podem ser instrumentais para uma "sociologia pública” voltada para a mudança social.
Uso de avaliação do desempenho para prescrição de dispositivos de tecnologia assistiva
Authors: Souza Claudiene Aline Fonseca de , Calixto Marcos Ferreira , Marques Marianne Pinheiro , Oliveira Ana Cláudia Barroso de Sá , Alves Ana Cristina de Jesus 
Published: November 2018

Introdução: A indicação e implementação da Tecnologia Assistiva (TA), quando realizada de forma integrada, pode auxiliar na prescrição de dispositivos que favoreçam a maior participação nas atividades cotidianas, atenuando o impacto imposto pelas limitações funcionais de indivíduo com deficiência física . Objetivo: verificar as contribuições do uso da Medida Canadense de Desempenho Ocupacional (COPM), fundamentada na prática centrada no cliente, no momento da indicação de TA. Procedimentos metodológicos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo transversal realizado com 31 indivíduos com deficiência física de um hospital público do Distrito Federal. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio da aplicação da avaliação COPM, sendo realizada a categorização das TA a partir do levantamento das áreas de desempenho mais comprometidas. Resultados: Do total de participantes, 51,6 % (n=16) solicitaram alguma indicação e/ou confecção de TA. A área de autocuidado foi apontada como a mais comprometida (96,7%), concentrando também, maior número de solicitações de TA. Conclusão: Este estudo pode contribuir com as pesquisas que investigam o uso de avaliações para a indicação de dispositivos e, espera-se que novas pesquisas possam dar continuidade a este processo, priorizando a participação ativa do indivíduo no momento de avaliar as necessidades do uso da TA.
Implementation of Modified Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports in a youth psychiatric partial hospital program
Authors: Reynolds Elizabeth K , Grados Marco A , Praglowski Nancy , Hankinson Jessica C , Parrish Carisa , Ostrander Rick 
Published: November 2018

Objective Seclusion and restraint are procedures utilized in youth psychiatric settings. While a number of agencies have called for a reduction and ultimate elimination of the use of these practices, there has been limited research on behavioral programs to reduce seclusion/restraint. This is particularly true for research on behavioral programming in youth psychiatric partial hospital settings. As such, the current study sought to examine the effectiveness of a modified version of Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (M-PBIS) implemented on a youth psychiatric partial hospital service to reduce seclusion/restraint. Method This naturalistic, prospective study covered a 26-month period and utilized a pre–post design. M-PBIS features include a defined set of positive behavioral expectations, a system to teach behavioral expectations, reinforcement of appropriate behaviors, data collection/evidence-based decision making, individual support for those not responding to the unit-wide system, active support by all stakeholders (including all staff members agreeing to the program), and positive recognition among staff. Results With a sample of 442 admissions, there were meaningful reductions in the percent of patients who were in seclusion/restraint (from 47.6 to 6.7%) as well as the overall seclusion/restraint rate (from 3.56 ( SD = 1.94) to 0.48 ( SD = 0.64)). Furthermore, there was a significant reduction in the use of Pro Re Nata (PRN) medication for agitation/aggression (percent of patient who received a PRN decreased from 33.3 to 12.9%). Conclusions This naturalistic study suggests that M-PBIS is a promising intervention for use in youth psychiatric partial hospital services to reduce seclusion/restraint and PRN medication for agitation/aggression. Reduction and ultimate elimination of seclusion/restraint is a critical objective in improving the quality and safety of acute mental health services for youth.
HoxA9 transforms murine myeloid cells by a feedback loop driving expression of key oncogenes and cell cycle control genes
Authors: Zhong Xiaoxia , Prinz Andreas , Steger Julia , Garcia-Cuellar Maria-Paz , Radsak Markus , Bentaher Abderrazzak , Slany Robert K. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Ectopic expression of the oncogenic transcription factor HoxA9 is a major cause of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Here, we demonstrate that HoxA9 is a specific substrate of granule proteases. Protease knockout allowed the comprehensive determination of genome-wide HoxA9 binding sites by chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing in primary murine cells and a human AML cell line. The kinetics of enhancer activity and transcription rates in response to alterations of an inducible HoxA9 were determined. This permitted identification of HoxA9-controlled enhancers and promoters, allocation to their respective transcription units, and discrimination against HoxA9-bound, but unresponsive, elements. HoxA9 triggered an elaborate positive-feedback loop that drove expression of the complete Hox-A locus. In addition, it controlled key oncogenic transcription factors Myc and Myb and directly induced the cell cycle regulators Cdk6 and CyclinD1, as well as telomerase, drawing the essential blueprint for perturbation of proliferation by leukemogenic HoxA9 expression.
The effect of individual and mixed rewards on diabetes management: A feasibility randomized controlled trial
Authors: Miranda J. Jaime , Lazo-Porras María , Bernabe-Ortiz Antonio , Pesantes M. Amalia , Diez-Canseco Francisco , Cornejo Socorro del Pilar , Trujillo Antonio J. 
Published: November 2018

Background:Incentives play a role in introducing health-related benefits, but no interventions using mixed incentives, i.e. a combination of individual and group incentives, have been tested in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We evaluated the feasibility of implementing individual- and mixed-incentives, with and without a supportive partner, on glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) control and weight loss among patients with T2DM.Methods:This is a feasibility, sex-stratified, single-blinded, randomized controlled study in individuals with T2DM. All participants received diabetes education and tailored goal setting for weight and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c). Participants were randomly assigned into three arms: individual incentives (Arm 1), mixed incentives-altruism (Arm 2), and mixed incentives-cooperation (Arm 3). Participants were accompanied by a diabetes educator every other week to monitor targets, and the intervention period lasted 3 months. The primary outcome was the change in HbA1c at 3 months from baseline. Weight and change body mass index (BMI) were considered as secondary outcomes.Results:Out of 783 patients screened, a total of 54 participants, 18 per study arm, were enrolled and 44 (82%) completed the 3-month follow-up. Mean baseline HbA1c values were 8.5%, 7.9% and 8.2% in Arm 1, Arm 2, and Arm 3, respectively. At 3 months, participants in all three study arms showed reductions in HbA1c ranging from -0.9% in Arm 2 to -1.4% in Arm 1. Weight and BMI also showed reductions.Conclusions:Individual and mixed cash incentives show important reductions in HbA1c, weight and BMI in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus after 3 months. Recruitment and uptake of the intervention were successfully accomplished demonstrating feasibility to conduct larger effectiveness studies to test individual and mixed economic incentives for diabetes management.Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov IdentifierNCT02891382
Evaluation of consensus method for the culture of Burkholderia pseudomallei in soil samples from Laos
Authors: Dance David A.B. , Knappik Michael , Dittrich Sabine , Davong Viengmon , Silisouk Joy , Vongsouvath Manivanh , Rattanavong Sayaphet , Pierret Alain , Newton Paul N. , Amornchai Premjit , Wuthiekanun Vanaporn , Langla Sayan , Limmathurotsakul Direk 
Published: November 2018

Background: We have previously shown that PCR following enrichment culture is the most sensitive method to detect Burkholderia pseudomallei in environmental samples. Here we report an evaluation of the published consensus method for the culture of B. pseudomallei from Lao soil in comparison with our conventional culture method and with PCR with or without prior broth enrichment. Methods: One hundred soil samples were collected from a field known to contain B. pseudomallei and processed by: (i) the conventional method, (ii-iii) the consensus method using media prepared in either Laos or Thailand, and (iv) the consensus method performed in Thailand, as well as by (v) PCR following direct extraction of DNA from soil and (vi) PCR following broth pre-enrichment. Results: The numbers of samples in which B. pseudomallei was detected were 42, 10, 7, 6, 6 and 84, respectively. However, two samples were positive by the consensus method but negative by conventional culture, and one sample was negative by PCR following enrichment although B. pseudomallei was isolated by the conventional culture method. Conclusions/Discussion: The results show that no single method will detect all environmental samples that contain B. pseudomallei. People conducting environmental surveys for this organism should be aware of the possibility of false-negative results using the consensus culture method. An approach that entails screening using PCR after enrichment, followed by the evaluation of a range of different culture methods on PCR-positive samples to determine which works best in each setting, is recommended.
Educación y Espacio Público en la experiencia histórica reciente de Chile: El caso de la transformación neoliberal y autoritaria del sistema educacional durante la Dictadura Militar (1973-1990).
Authors: Garrido Felipe Andres Zurita 
Published: November 2018

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar algunas transformaciones sufridas por el sistema educacional chileno durante la Dictadura Militar (1973-1990), desde la perspectiva de la mutación del papel desempeñado por el Estado en el campo educacional. Para lograr dicho objetivo se siguen los siguientes pasos: en un primer momento, se caracteriza el sistema educacional chileno vigente hasta 1973. En un segundo momento, se analizan algunas Políticas Públicas Educacionales de orientación neoliberal diseñadas e implementadas por el equipo económico de la Dictadura Militar. Finalmente, se proponen conclusiones con respecto a los impactos de las acciones desarrolladas por la Dictadura Militar sobre el sistema educacional y el profesorado, resaltando un cuestionamiento en torno a la modificación de la comprensión oficial de lo educativo en el espacio público.Palabras clave: Políticas Públicas Educacionales; Dictadura Militar; Chile. ResumoEste artigo tem como objetivo analisar algumas transformações sofridas pelo sistema educacional chileno durante a Ditadura Militar (1973-1990), na perspectiva da mutação do papel desempenhado pelo Estado no campo educacional. Para atingir este objetivo, seguem-se os seguintes passos: num primeiro momento, é caracterizado o sistema educacional chileno em vigor até 1973. Em um segundo momento, são analisadas algumas Políticas Públicas Educacionais de orientação neoliberal desenhadas e implementadas pela equipe econômica da Ditadura Militar. Finalmente, são propostas conclusões sobre os impactos das ações desenvolvidas pela Ditadura Militar sobre o sistema educacional e o corpo docente, destacando um questionamento sobre a modificação do entendimento oficial da educação no espaço público.Palavras-chave: Políticas Públicas Educacionais; Ditadura Militar; Chile. AbstractThis article aims to analyze some transformations suffered by the chilean educational system during the Military Dictatorship (1973-1990), from the perspective of the mutation of the role played by the State in the educational field. To achieve this goal, the following steps are followed: Initially, the chilean education system in force until 1973 is characterized. In a second moment, some neoliberal-oriented Educational Public Policies designed and implemented by the economic team of the Military Dictatorship are analyzed. Finally, conclusions are proposed regarding the impacts of the actions developed by the Military Dictatorship on the educational system and the teaching staff, highlighting a questioning about the modification of the official understanding of education in public space.Keywords: Public Educational Policies; Military Dictatorship; Chile.
Impact of educational nursing program on reducing the level of anxiety and complications among patients undergoing cardiac catheterization
Authors: Aboel-Kassem F. Abdelmegid Mohamed , Zaki Azer Sahra , Youssef Sayed Samia , Mohamed Youness Hanan , Abd Elal thabet Reda 
Published: November 2018

The current studyAimed: to identify the impact of implementing an educational nursing program on reducing the level of anxiety and complications among patients undergoing cardiac catheterization.Design: quasi-experimental design was used in this study. Setting: the Current study was conducted atAssiutUniversityHospital in the cardiac catheterization unit.Subjects: 60 adult patients, age between 20 â€“ 65 years, male and female, thirty for each group (study and control). The group of patients who received educational nursing program was considered a study group, while who received a routine care was the control group. Tools: four.Tools: Structure Interview Questionnaire sheet, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, Assessment of complications, & educational nursing program.Results: there was the statistically significant difference between both groups regarding the level of anxiety and incidence of local complications.Conclusion: giving written nursing program for patients more effective in decreasing level of anxiety for patients in the study group than the control group patients.Recommendations: Permanent attendance of a specialized nurse in the cardiac catheterization unit is of great importance to instruct and apply the guidelines of the patients. Simple illustration booklet and pamphlets must be adequate and available for patients with Arabic explanation that helps the patient how to live safely.Â Â Â Â
In Vitro Anti-cholinesterase and Cognitive Enhancing Properties of Essential Oils from Piper nigrum L. and Monodora myristica (Gaertn) Dunal
Authors: I J Olawuni , S A Ndoni , E E Esada , F S Bamidele , E M Obuotor 
Published: November 2018

Aging in humans generally is associated with deterioration of cognitive abilities, particularly of learning and memory leading to dementia, including Alzheimerâ€™s disease. A number of herbal medicines are reported to improve brain function and intelligence. In the present study, the ameliorating effects of essential oil extracted from Piper nigrum and Monodora myristica on learning and memory in Scopolamine induced amnesic mice were determined using two cognitive behavioural paradigms: the Step-Through Passive Avoidance and Morris-Water Maze test. Essential oils were obtained by hydro-distillation using a Clavenger-type apparatus and their profiles analyzed by GC-MS. Inhibitory effects on AChE and BuChE were investigated by Ellmanâ€™s method. The animals were assessed for performance by measuring the Step-Through Latency Time (SLT) and Escape Latency Time (ELT). Brain cholinesterase activities were assayed in brain tissues from the mice. The results showed that M. myristica and P. nigrum oils were characterized by 51 (94.76%) and 61 (90.65%) components, respectively. M. myristica is dominated by Î±-phellandrene (18.13%), while P. nigrum is dominated by Î²-pinene (5.92%) and caryophyllene (4.55%). Both oils at 416 Âµg/ml elicited significant inhibitory (p>0.05) activity with M. myristica exhibiting a stronger inhibition against AChE and BuChE than P. nigrum. This trend was also exhibited significantly (p>0.05) in both ELT and the SLT when compared to scopolamine-treated group. In conclusion, the seeds of M. myristica and P. nigrum are potential sources of active metabolites with anti-cholinesterase and cognition enhancing properties, but M. myristica exhibited a higher activity.Â Â
Organisationale Hindernisse auf dem Weg zur Profession
Authors: Starystach Sebastian , Bär Stefan , Ernst Carolin , Streib Christina 
Published: November 2018

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag stellt sich die Frage, ob sich im Kontext eines sichtbaren institutionellen Wandels und politischen Bestrebens hin zur Professionalisierung von Pflege auf der Makroebene auch Veränderungen im beruflichen Selbstverständnis Pflegender finden lassen, das Pflege als Profession ausweist. Dazu wurde eine Deutungsmusteranalyse anhand von 20 Interviews mit Pflegekräften mit dreijähriger Berufsausbildung im Generationenvergleich durchgeführt. Das Ergebnis ist, dass traditionelle quasi-religiöse und berufliche Deutungen von Pflege durch die Organisation Krankenhaus gestützt werden. In der jüngeren Generation wird ‚Pflege als Berufung‘ durch die Deutung von ‚Pflege als Beruf‘ zunehmend verdrängt.
Artificial Intelligence, Jobs and the Future of Work: Racing with the Machines
Authors: Bruun Edvard P.G. , Duka Alban 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Artificial intelligence is rapidly entering our daily lives in the form of driverless cars, automated online assistants and virtual reality experiences. In so doing, AI has already substituted human employment in areas that were previously thought to be uncomputerizable. Based on current trends, the technological displacement of labor is predicted to be significant in the future – if left unchecked this will lead to catastrophic societal unemployment levels. This paper presents a means to mitigate future technological unemployment through the introduction of a Basic Income scheme, accompanied by reforms in school curricula and retraining programs. Our proposal argues that such a scheme can be funded by a special tax on those industries that make use of robotic labour; it includes a practical roadmap that would see a government take this proposal from the conceptual phase and implement it nationwide in the span of one decade.
Sammarinese, the Endangered Language of the Republic of San Marino: A Preliminary Study of Documentation and Description
Authors: Montanari Simona 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This paper presents the results of a preliminary study of documentation and description of Sammarinese, a peripheral variety of Romagnol spoken in the Republic of San Marino. Despite having been the country’s primary oral language for almost 1,000 years, Sammarinese is on the verge of extinction today as universal education and economic development have caused language shift to Italian beginning from the 1960s. A corpus of primary oral language data was collected from 17 informants in the form of semi-structured interviews with the goal of creating an archive of oral language histories in Sammarinese. These data, together with a corpus of vernacular and folkloric literature, served as the database for a descriptive analysis of some of the major phonological and morphosyntactic traits of the language. The results confirm Sammarinese’s status as a borderline Romagnol variety. However, the findings also reveal a language that stands apart from neighboring varieties due to complex historical and geographical factors, including a Celtic substratum from the pre-Roman and Roman times, a Byzantine Greek heritage and Lombard/ Germanic influence from the second half of the first millennium, and a geographic position that resulted in linguistic isolation from the vernaculars spoken in the Central Romagnol plain.
Colloquial features in the syntax of spoken media in Maribor
Authors: Lopert Alenka Valh 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The article deals with the influence of colloquial syntax on the spontaneous non-prepared media discourse of professional presenters. It presents a syntactic analysis of radio program broadcasts on two Maribor radio stations, i.e. the commercial station Radio City and the Slovene public station Radio Maribor. Specifically, the paper focuses on typical syntactic colloquial features, i.e. incomplete syntactic patterns, interruptions, repetitions and corrections.
Prosodical System of the Northern Aukštaitian dialect of Panevėžys of the Lithuanian Language
Authors: Kačiuškienė Genovaitė 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The Northern Aukštaitian dialect of Panevėžys of the Lithuanian Language is interesting in synchronic, diachronic, typological, and ethnogenetic aspects; its idioms bear some witness to contacts of Lithuanian and Semigalian languages (Kačiuškienė 2009).
The secondary types of pitch accents of the Northern Aukštaitian dialect of Panevėžys were discussed in Dialectologia et Geolinguistica 24 (Kačiuškienė 2016). The auditory and instrumental research proved that two secondary types of pitch accents contrast in the pure and mixed diphthongs of the forms of some dialectal verbs and denominative words in the Northern Aukštaitian dialect of Panevėžys of the Lithuanian Language. This is a distinctive opposition. It is possible that the opposition relates to Proto-Baltic accentuation paradigms. The secondary types of pitch accents have different acoustic properties. The most distinct are the quantitative characteristics of diphthongs and characteristics of the fundamental pitch.
The detailed analysis of the prosodic system of the Northern Panevėžys dialect in the present article is based on the data of the author’s native dialect and the instrumental and auditory research (see (Kačiuškienė 2006)).
The results of the research of the Northern Aukštaitian dialect of Panevėžys are important to the comparative and historical dialectology of the Baltic languages; they can be used in typological research and in the classroom as teaching materials.