bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mental Bandwidth is Associated with HIV and Viral Suppression Among Low-Income Women in Philadelphia
Authors: Richterman Aaron , Aitcheson Nancy , Durnwald Celeste , Curley Cara , Short William R. , Jean Louis Mirabelle , Momplaisir Florence , Thirumurthy Harsha 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Behavioral economics research suggests poverty may influence behavior by reducing mental bandwidth, increasing future discounting, and increasing risk aversion. It is plausible these decision-making processes are further impaired in the context of HIV or pregnancy. In this cross-sectional study of 86 low-income women in Philadelphia, HIV was associated with lower mental bandwidth (one of two measures) and lower risk aversion. Pregnancy was not associated with any decision-making factors. In secondary analyses, viral suppression was associated with greater mental bandwidth (one of two measures), and antenatal clinic attendance with lower future discounting. Anti-poverty interventions may be beneficial to improve HIV-related health behaviors.
Global Genepool Conservation and use Strategy for Dioscorea (YAM)
Authors: Nduche Michael Ugochukwu , Brehm Joana Magos , Abberton Michael , Faloye Benjamin , Maxted Nigel 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe global genepool conservation and use strategy for yam were developed in this study. Diversity analysis, and in situ and ex situ conservation gap analyses were carried out for the 27 global priority yam crop wild relatives (CWR) at taxon and ecogeographic levels to determine their representativeness in conservation actions. Hotspots were found in Nzerekore region of Guinea, Nimba and Grand Gedeh regions of Liberia, Montagnes, Sassandra- Marahouse, and Bas – Sassandra regions of Cote d’Ivoire, Volta, Greater Accra and Eastern regions of Ghana, Centrale and Plateau regions of Togo, Donga, Oueme, Atlantique, Littoral and Plateau provinces of Benin, Southwest zone of Nigeria, Es region of Cameroon, Sangha- Mbaere region of Central Africa Republic. Likouala and Sangha regions of the Republic of the Congo, Northeast of India, Northern, Central, Western, Eastern and Northeast regions of Thailand, West of Cambodia, South Central Coast, Central Highlands, Southeast and Makong River Delta regions of Vietnam, Xaisomboun, Bolikhamxai, and Viangchan prefecture provinces of Lao People’s Democratic Republic. A total of 13 potential reserve sites were identified in 13 countries, with four locations in the network of protected area (PA). 22 priority CWR (81%) were conserved ex situ, but only 15.38% of the taxa had at least 50 accessions in genebanks, and 65.38% of the priority CWR are underrepresented in genebanks, and 19.23% of the species are not represented in ex situ collections. The findings and recommendations of this study will guide the production and implementation of effective long-term conservation action and sustainable utilization of global priority yam CWR. The active conservation of the global yam priority species will underpin food security and mitigate climate change.
Rheo-impedance behavior of cellulose nanofibers produced by mechanical processing
Authors: Yamagata Yoshifumi , Takasaki Yuichi , Miyamoto Keisuke 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCNFs are one of the renewable and the sustainable resources with low environmental impact and have various characteristics such as increased strength and weight reduction when added to resins. Since CNFs are one of the new materials that can fulfill the goals of the Sustainable Development Goals (hereafter abbreviated as SDGs), many researchers have been studying the nano-fibrillation of wood fibers. From the viewpoint of SDGs, it is necessary to avoid using a large amount of chemical agents and consuming a large amount of energy for the production of CNFs. To realize these requirements, it is important to find a way to industrially utilize CNFs containing insufficiently nanosized fibers, and for these purposes, it is essential to evaluate the physical properties of these CNFs from multiple perspectives. Cellulose fibers are intrinsically insulating materials, but how their electrochemical properties are changed by nano-fibrillization has been little studied. Therefore, we decided to clarify the relationship between the size of CNFs and the electrochemical impedance properties of the CNF suspensions containing un-fibrillated fibers, which were prepared by a wet refinement system. The fiber diameter remained constant as the number of mechanical treatments (hereafter referred to as the “number of collisions”) increased. On the other hand, the cumulative medium volume diameter, D50, defined as the apparent fiber length (hereafter referred to as the “fiber length”, in microns), significantly decreases with the increasing number of collisions. The rheo-impedance |Z| of the CNF suspension remained nearly constant in the intermediate frequency range of 103–106 Hz, even if the internal structure of the system was deformed by the increasing shear rate. This means that the electrochemical properties of the CNFs are independent of the changes in the macroscopic aggregation structure. Furthermore, the internal resistance R1 calculated from the impedance |Z| characteristics (Nyquist plot) became decreased with the increasing number of collisions, indicating a proportional relationship between the resistance R1 and the CNF fiber length, D50. This suggests that R1 related to the resistance caused by the electrolyte in the suspensions or the protons dissociated by the hydration of the hydroxyl groups of the cellulose molecule as they move across the gaps between the microfibrils. Based on these results, it appears that the electrochemical properties of the CNF suspensions are independent of the changes in the macroscopic aggregation structure and simply depend on the fiber length, in other words, the electrochemical properties are a useful method for indirectly evaluating the fiber length of the CNFs.
Behavioral symmetry with humanomics: public choice and moral community
Authors: Thomas Diana W. , Thomas Michael D. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe humanomics model of human behavior suggests that individuals act not merely to maximize narrow conceptions of their own self-interest but instead are motivated by fellow feeling and a desire to act in a praiseworthy way. Because they learn what is praise- and blameworthy from face-to-face exchanges in moral communities to which they belong, the same conceptions and norms carry into impersonal exchanges in the extended market order. Humanomics offers a framework that can reconcile conflicting results from laboratory experiments involving personal and impersonal exchanges. In this paper, we seek to apply the humanomics lens to human action in politics. Public choice scholarship applies assumptions from economics to explain human action in the political sphere. But just like traditional economics models, several puzzles remain unexplained. We argue that a humanomics perspective offers a framework for explaining existing public choice puzzles just as it does for puzzles in economics more broadly.
A mixed-method approach to study the impacts of energy micro-generation combined with appliance-level feedback on everyday practices
Authors: Tellarini Chiara , Shajalal Md , Castelli Nico , Stein Martin , Boden Alexander , Christensen Toke Haunstrup 
Published: November 2024

AbstractEnergy feedback is recognized in energy literature as vital for altering and curbing energy usage. However, recent studies highlight the limitation of energy feedback, questioning its real capacity to promote energy-saving behaviours. Meanwhile, micro-generation, such as photovoltaic panels (PVs), is deemed more effective in reshaping daily practices by encouraging time-shifting of activities, as a way to reduce the load of energy consumed in the grid, while increasing the one from renewable resources. This study explores the impacts of appliance-level consumption feedback combined with micro-generation on everyday practices; it adopts a practice theoretical perspective, viewing households as practitioners rather than mere rational agents. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected between 2022 and 2023 in households with PVs on two islands located off the west coast of Ireland. Smart plugs were installed and connected to different home appliances to collect energy data and provide feedback on their energy usage through a webapp. Our analysis focuses on pre- and post- plugs’ installation and feedback delivery periods, to assess households’ responses both in relation to their practices and to PV usage. While appliance-level feedback showed potential in enhancing PV use and practice changes, heightened awareness does not guarantee change, and households’ responses to feedback depend on various influencing factors deeply embedded in everyday practices – including the (non) negotiability of practices, app design, household dynamics and previous experience with the PV system. Our findings suggest opportunities for energy research to develop more tailored strategies for cutting energy consumption, taking into consideration people’s practices.
Native bee Pollination Ecosystem Services in Agricultural Wetlands and Riparian Protected Lands
Authors: Hinson Audra L. , McCarty Greg , Du Ling , Sichko Christopher , Maguire Karen 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMany freshwater wetlands and riparian systems are protected within agricultural landscapes. Yet, pollinator ecosystem services are seldom considered key ecosystem services provided by these conservation easements. The purpose of this study is to explore the extent of protected aquatic lands to provide pollination ecosystem services by assessing pollinator abundances, crop yield changes, and value estimations of increased soybean yields from a subset of common native solitary bees. We created a novel geodatabase of United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) conservation easements and used this database in the InVEST crop pollination model to model wild solitary bee pollination. We then estimated the monetary value of yield increases provided by pollinators. We found that wetland uplands provided the greatest potential for pollination services for ground nesting bees, followed by herbaceous and forested riparian respectively. Stem nesters preferred forested riparian, then upland habitats. In soybeans fields, we found wild pollinators can provide up to 5.5% yield response from current private aquatic conservation lands. The current landscape is not optimized to use wetlands and riparian conservation lands as pollinator habitat, but these results suggest protected aquatic lands can sustainably increase wild pollination services to agricultural crops if landscapes are managed, protected, and optimized with pollinator services as co-benefit.
Honey-Derived Hydrochar Containing 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl Free Radical for Degradation of Aqueous Organic Pollutants
Authors: Patrinoiu Greta , Musuc Adina M. , Calderon-Moreno Jose M. , Florea Mihaela , Neatu Florentina , Ionita Petre 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe increasing demand for greener technologies in environmental remediation makes carbon materials from biomass and its derivatives some of the most attractive resources for a sustainable future. However, integrating these materials with stable free radicals remains challenging. This study presents a straightforward one-pot hydrothermal route using raw honey as the carbon source and 4-amino 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (4-amino-TEMPO) as the free radical. The addition of TEMPO derivative initiates Maillard reactions between its amino group and the carbonyl groups of the carbohydrates in honey, resulting in the formation of a functionalized hydrochar with a spherical morphology (~ 8 μm). The presence of free radicals within the carbonaceous matrix was confirmed by electron spin resonance spectroscopy, supported by infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The free radical content was estimated at 0.4 mmol∙g-1. The material effectively removed methylene blue, fluorescein, and doxorubicin from water in the presence of green oxidants like hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite. After 24 h, removal efficiencies reached 92% for doxorubicin, 73% for methylene blue, and 23% for fluorescein. Moreover, the hydrochar demonstrated good regeneration capability, maintaining its dye removal efficiency over several cycles.
A straw-soy protein composite (SSPC) material: preparation, physical properties and wetting drying stability
Authors: Xu Ranqin , Huang Junhua , Xu Shengkai , Cai Shenglong , Liu Wen 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe use of bio-based biomass construction materials has the advantage of helping to reduce fossil energy demand, protecting the environment from carbon dioxide emission and reducing the production of non-degradable waste. This paper used resin-modified soy protein (SP) adhesive to combine rice straw stalks, and made straw-soy protein composites (SSPC) material. The physical properties, compressive behavior and stability during wetting drying cycles of SSPC were measured. Due to water evaporation, the SP matrix is full of connected pores, resulting to its physical properties of small density, high shrinkage ratio and low thermal conductivity, which are 0.24 g/cm3, 16.2%, and 0.065 W/(m•K), respectively. Adding straw is helpful to the physical properties of SP matrix, leading to an obvious decrease in shrinkage ratio and thermal conductivity of SSPC, which are 8.51% and 0.075 W/m•K. Furthermore, the compressive load–displacement curves of SSPC groups divide into two types: divergent and convergent. The compressive strength of divergent samples is decided by the critical displacement determined according to the convergent specimens. It shows that straw stalk proves the positive effect on the compressive property of SP matrix. As to the mass of SSPC samples during the wetting drying cycles, it drops apparently in the initial three cycles, and becomes negligible from the fifth cycle, meaning that the stability of SSPC during wetting drying cyclic process is quite good. The research result would be helpful for using SSPC as building material, especially as thermal insulation material.
Seismic performance enhancement of underground structure influenced by CFRP wrapping schemes
Authors: Ma Chao , Li Xiaolei , Wang Guosheng , Lu Dechun , Du Xiuli 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe seismic failure mechanism of underground structures showing structural collapse is attributed to the deformation incompatibility between the central columns and the sidewalls, especially the insufficient deformation capacity of the central columns. Therefore, the approaches to improve the seismic performance of underground structures mainly aim at avoiding the damage of central columns. This paper presents a comparative study on the seismic performance of underground structures with the central columns retrofitted with different numbers of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics (CFRP) layers. Seismic capacity of the CFRP retrofitting reinforced concrete (RC) columns was explored in detail through experimental and numerical approaches. Then numerical models were built and verified to simulate the behaviors of the CFRP retrofitting RC columns, and the seismic performance of the CFRP retrofitting underground structures was numerically simulated. Based on the numerical results, the damage of the CFRP retrofitting underground structures was calculated, and damage classification illustrated that the seismic performance of underground structures was enhanced remarkably. Finally, parametric studies were conducted to discuss about how the number of CFRP layers and the earthquake intensity affect the earthquake-induced damage of underground structures. Conclusions from this study could be referenced for seismic retrofitting of existing underground structures.
Quantifying Global Wetland Methane Emissions With In Situ Methane Flux Data and Machine Learning Approaches
Authors: Chen Shuo , Liu Licheng , Ma Yuchi , Zhuang Qianlai , Shurpali Narasinha J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWetland methane (CH4) emissions have a significant impact on the global climate system. However, the current estimation of wetland CH4 emissions at the global scale still has large uncertainties. Here we developed six distinct bottom‐up machine learning (ML) models using in situ CH4 fluxes from both chamber measurements and the Fluxnet‐CH4 network. To reduce uncertainties, we adopted a multi‐model ensemble (MME) approach to estimate CH4 emissions. Precipitation, air temperature, soil properties, wetland types, and climate types are considered in developing the models. The MME is then extrapolated to the global scale to estimate CH4 emissions from 1979 to 2099. We found that the annual wetland CH4 emissions are 146.6 ± 12.2 Tg CH4 yr−1 (1 Tg = 1012 g) from 1979 to 2022. Future emissions will reach 165.8 ± 11.6, 185.6 ± 15.0, and 193.6 ± 17.2 Tg CH4 yr−1 in the last two decades of the 21st century under SSP126, SSP370, and SSP585 scenarios, respectively. Northern Europe and near‐equatorial areas are the current emission hotspots. To further constrain the quantification uncertainty, research priorities should be directed to comprehensive CH4 measurements and better characterization of spatial dynamics of wetland areas. Our data‐driven ML‐based global wetland CH4 emission products for both the contemporary and the 21st century shall facilitate future global CH4 cycle studies.
The Self‐Calibrating Tilt Accelerometer: A Method for Observing Tilt and Correcting Drift With a Triaxial Accelerometer
Authors: Fredrickson E. K. , Wilcock W. S. D. , Harrington M. J. , Cram G. , Tilley J. , Martin D. , Burnett J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe present observations from two field deployments of a calibrated tiltmeter that we name the Self‐Calibrating Tilt Accelerometer (SCTA). The tiltmeter is based upon a triaxial quartz crystal accelerometer; the horizontal channels measure tilt and are periodically rotated into the vertical to obtain a measurement of the acceleration of gravity. Changes in the measured total acceleration are ascribed to drift in the vertical channel and used as calibrations for removing that same drift from the tilt time series observed between calibrations. Changes in the span (sensitivity) of the accelerometer channels can also be measured by calibrating them pointing up and down. A 3‐year test on the seafloor at Axial Seamount show that the calibrations are consistent with a linear‐exponential model of drift to a RMS residual of ∼0.5 μg (μrad). The calibrated tilt time series was impacted by platform settling for the first 2 years, but after repositioning the tiltmeter, the calibrated observations were consistent for the final year with the tilt observed on a nearby LILY tiltmeter, within an assumed level of drift for the unconstrained LILY sensor. A separate 15‐month test in a stable vault at Piñon Flat Observatory was complicated by seasonal temperature variations of >5°C; the calibrations are consistent with a linear‐exponential model of drift to ∼2 μg RMS when temperature and temperature time‐derivative dependence is included. Similarly, the calibrated tilt time series was impacted by thermal deformation of the SCTA assembly. A future test in a thermally and tectonically stable borehole will be required to assess the accuracy of the SCTA.
Locked Frontal and Lateral Ramps on the Main Himalayan Thrust Beneath NW Himalaya Illuminated by Precisely Located Seismicity
Authors: Shamim S. K. , Ghosh Ayon , Mitra Supriyo , Priestley Keith , Sharma Swati , Wanchoo Sunil Kumar 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe Kashmir “seismic gap” in NW Himalaya is marked by hinterland‐to‐foreland reduction in GPS‐geodetic arc‐normal convergence‐velocity and increase in horizontal strain‐rate, associated with occurrence of moderate‐to‐small earthquakes. We analyze continuous waveforms from Jammu and Kashmir seismological network (2015–2017) to detect and preliminarily locate 1064 events, followed by probabilistic non‐linear relocation of 360 well‐located local earthquakes, with magnitudes 0.6–4.7 and hypocentral depths 0–60 km. Hypocenters shallower than 20 km lie on or above the Main Himalayan Thrust (MHT), clustered beneath the Kishtwar Higher‐Himalaya. Hinterlandward dipping seismicity‐clusters coincide with a MHT mid‐crustal frontal ramp, marking a 50 km wide locked‐to‐creep transition. The frictionally‐locked up‐dip MHT segment is 100 km wide, capable of hosting a 8.4 earthquake, if ruptured completely. Clustered seismicity SW of the Kishtwar Window and to its east illuminate MHT lateral‐ramps, which may limit the rupture width and/or modulate the rupture propagation. Entirely seismogenic underthrust Indian‐crust poses additional hazard from large earthquakes within it.
The Neutral Water Torus of Europa
Authors: Nénon Q. , Leblanc F. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe neutral particles that escape Europa form a neutral torus which asymmetrically encircles the giant planet Jupiter. The study of this structure can inform on neutral escape at the icy moon and on the loading of the Jovian magnetosphere with Europan material. In this letter, we present the first Monte Carlo model of the neutral water torus of Europa. Water molecules are released to high altitude by ion sputtering of the surface and get dissociated and ionized mostly by electron impact. We find that the density of H2O molecules can be as large as atomic O in a large region of the Jovian magnetosphere. The neutral torus of Europa may therefore have a more diverse composition than previously thought. Plasma instrumentation able to separate H2O+ from O+ pick‐up ions could help to advance our understanding of the neutral torus of Europa.
Seismic Image of the Central to Southern Andean Subduction Zone Through Finite‐Frequency Tomography
Authors: Kondo Y. , Obayashi M. , Sugioka H. , Shiobara H. , Ito A. , Shinohara M. , Iwamori H. , Kinoshita M. , Miller M. , Tassara C. , Ojeda J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study presents new seismic imaging of the Andean subduction zone through P‐wave hybrid finite‐frequency and ray‐theoretical tomography. We measured both differential and absolute traveltimes using broadband seismic waveforms from stations in an array of ocean‐bottom seismographs near the Chile Triple Junction (CTJ) and stations within 30° of the array. These data were combined with the global traveltime data set to obtain a global P‐wave velocity structure with a focus on central to southern South America. The new tomographic image showed the Nazca slab geometry as a continuous fast anomaly, which is consistent with seismic activity and prior slab models. Furthermore, two notable structures were observed: a broad extension of the fast anomaly beneath the Nazca slab at 26–35°S and a slow anomaly east of the CTJ. The checkerboard resolution and recovery tests confirmed the reliability of these large‐scale features. The fast anomaly, isolated from the Nazca slab, was interpreted as a relic Nazca slab segment based on its strong amplitude and spatial coincidence with the current Pampean and past Payenia flat slab segments. The slow anomaly near the CTJ was consistent with the previously inferred extent of the Patagonian slab window. Moreover, the active adakitic volcanoes are aligned with the southern edge of the anomaly, and the plateau basalts are located within the anomaly. Our model showed that the slow anomaly extended to a depth of up to 250 km, suggesting a depth limit that the asthenospheric window can influence.