bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of connective tissue graft thickness on surgical outcomes: A pilot randomized clinical trial
Authors: Moisa David H. , Connolly Julie A. , Cheng Bin , Lalla Evanthia 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to compare thick versus thin connective tissue grafts (CTG) for the treatment of gingival recession, over a 3‐month period.MethodsForty‐two CTG procedures were performed on single tooth Miller Class I or II recession defects at either premolar or anterior sites in 30 individuals. Procedures were randomized (1:1 ratio) to CTG thickness of 1 or 2 mm (parallel group design). Primary outcomes were the change in the width of the zone of keratinized tissue and the amount of root coverage achieved 3 months postoperatively at the recipient site. Secondary outcomes included change in the thickness of keratinized tissue at 3 months and patient‐reported outcomes, such as pain, bleeding, and swelling at both the recipient and donor sites at 1 week, 2 weeks, 1 month, and 3 months.ResultsNo significant differences were found between the two groups for any of the primary or secondary outcomes. Mean root coverage achieved was 2.1 ± 0.2 mm in the 1‐mm thick group and 2.5 ± 0.2 mm in the 2‐mm thick group (P = 0.33). Keratinized tissue width was increased by 2.2 ± 0.2 mm in the 1‐mm thick group and by 2.7 ± 0.3 mm in the 2‐mm thick group (P = 0.18). Keratinized tissue thickness was increased by 1.0 ± 0.1 mm and by 1.2 ± 0.1 mm in the 1‐ and 2‐mm thick groups, respectively (P = 0.09).ConclusionWithin the current study limitations, our results suggest that similar root coverage and increase in the width and thickness of keratinized tissue can be achieved at 3 months whether a 1‐ or 2‐mm thick CTG is used.
A randomized controlled trial of adjuvant mitomycin‐c in endoscopic surgery for laryngotracheal stenosis
Authors: Yung Katherine C. , Chang Joseph , Courey Mark S. 
Published: April 2019

Objectives/HypothesisTopical mitomycin‐C (MMC) application is a commonly accepted adjuvant therapy in the surgical treatment for laryngotracheal stenosis (LTS). However, the efficacy of MMC has not been examined in a prospective, randomized clinical trial in humans. We aimed to examine the efficacy of MMC in the treatment of LTS patients as compared to a placebo‐controlled group.Study DesignProspective, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial.MethodsFifteen patients with LTS were enrolled in a 24‐month trial and randomized into one of two groups: 1) endoscopic surgical treatment with topical application of MMC or 2) endoscopic surgical treatment with topical application of saline. Postoperatively, patients were evaluated at standardized intervals with a symptom questionnaire and spirometry. Subsequent surgery was performed as needed based on relapse of stenosis on exam and patient‐reported symptom severity.ResultsThe average interval between surgical treatments was 17.9 months in the placebo group and 17.4 months in the MMC group (P = .95). There was no difference in magnitude of peak inspiratory flow (PIF) improvement between groups. The average magnitude of PIF change was 1.3 L/sec and 1.1 L/sec for the placebo and MMC groups, respectively (P = .64). Similarly, there was no difference in magnitude of symptom improvement or duration of symptom improvement between the two groups.ConclusionsThis prospective, randomized. double‐blind. placebo‐controlled trial suggests that the use of MMC as a topical adjuvant therapy has no additional benefit in the endoscopic surgical management of LTS. Further study is needed.Level of Evidence1bLaryngoscope, 130:706–711, 2020
Improving estimates of coral reef construction and erosion with in situ measurements
Authors: Kuffner Ilsa B. , Toth Lauren T. , Hudson J. Harold , Goodwin William B. , Stathakopoulos Anastasios , Bartlett Lucy A. , Whitcher Elizabeth M. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe decline in living coral since the 1970s has conspicuously slowed reef construction on a global scale, but the related process of reef erosion is less visible and not often quantified. Here, we present new data on the constructional and deconstructional sides of the carbonate‐budget equation in the Florida Keys, U.S.A. We documented Orbicella spp. calcification rates at four offshore reefs and quantified decadal‐scale rates of Orbicella‐reef erosion at a mid‐shore patch reef. Using Orbicella coral heads fitted with permanent markers in 1998, we measured reef‐elevation loss at 28 stations over 17.3 yr to estimate a mean erosion rate of −5.5 (± 3.2, SD) mm yr−1. This loss equates to an erosion rate of −8.2 (± 4.8, SD) kg m−2 yr−1 on dead Orbicella colonies, or −6.6 kg m−2 yr−1 when adjusted reef‐wide. Calculating net carbonate production using a census‐based approach on the same patch reef in 2017, we estimated a reef‐wide bioerosion rate of −1.9 (± 2.0, SD) kg m−2 yr−1, and a net carbonate production rate of 0.5 (± 0.3, SD) kg m−2 yr−1. Substituting the erosion rate we estimated with the markers would suggest that net carbonate production at this patch reef was lower and negative, −4.2 kg m−2 yr−1. This divergence could be a function of high erosion rates measured on the tops of Orbicella colonies, which may be preferentially targeted by parrotfish. Nonetheless, our study suggests the need for new field data to improve estimates of reef‐structure persistence as coral reefs continue to degrade.
Macroscopic Scaffold Control for Lipase‐Catalyzed Dendritic Polyol‐Polyesters
Authors: Rao Zi‐Kun , Ni Hai‐Liang , Li Yang , Zhu Hong‐Yu , Liu Yu , Hao Jian‐Yuan 
Published: April 2019

AbstractHerein, structurally regular dendritic trimethylolethane (TME) polyester is robustly obtained by polymerizing with suberic acid. Through properly modeled chain growth behaviors, differences of scaffolds forming between TME and glycerol polyesters are thoroughly discussed. The scaffolds of polyol‐polyesters can be easily controlled by adjusting feed ratio and temperature. However, to achieve regular dendritic scaffolds, apart from the monomer feed ratio of 1/1 and high temperature(80 °C), selection of proper polyols is much more important. TME with three equal primary hydroxyls tends to undergo pure dendritic growth, forming into regular scaffolds while glycerol with secondary hydroxyls is inclined to have linear and grafted growth successively, which results in irregular dendritic scaffolds. However, glycerol polyesters tend to have linear growth under mild temperature (40 °C), hence, regular linear scaffolds can be obtained. Besides, a scaffold determination and control system are built up, giving general guidance of obtaining polol‐polyesters with targeted topologies.
Mechanical Properties of PMMA‐Sepiolite Nanocellular Materials with a Bimodal Cellular Structure
Authors: Bernardo Victoria , Van Loock Frederik , Martin‐de Leon Judith , Fleck Norman A. , Rodriguez‐Perez Miguel Angel 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBimodal cellular poly(methyl methacrylate) with micro‐ and nano‐sized (300–500 nm) cells with up to 5 wt% of sepiolite nanoparticles and porosity from 50% to 75% are produced by solid‐state foaming. Uniaxial compression tests are performed to measure the effect of sepiolite concentration on the elastic modulus and the yield strength of the solid and cellular nanocomposites. Single edge notch bend tests are conducted to relate the fracture toughness of the solid and cellular nanocomposites to sepiolite concentration. The relative modulus is independent of sepiolite content to within material scatter when considering the complete porosity range. In contrast, a mild enhancement of the relative modulus is observed by the addition of sepiolite particles for the foamed nanocomposites with a porosity close to 50%. The relative compressive strength of the cellular nanocomposites mildly decreases as a function of sepiolite concentration. A strong enhancement of the relative fracture toughness by the addition of sepiolites is observed. The enhancement of the relative fracture toughness and the relative modulus (at 50% porosity) can be attributed to an improved dispersion of the particles due to foaming and the migration of micro‐sized aggregates from the solid phase to the microcellular pores during foaming.
Lifting double linear vector fields to Weil like functors on double vector bundles
Authors: Mikulski Włodzimierz M. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe complete description is given of the product preserving gauge bundle functors F on the category of double vector bundles in terms of the ‐bilinear maps , where are Weil algebras and are finite dimensional (over ) ‐modules. Then the so‐called “iteration” problem is solved (i.e. by means of and is computed). That any two product preserving gauge bundle functors on commute is derived. All gauge natural operators lifting double linear vector fields to product preserving gauge bundle functors F are completely described.
Pleotropic role of RNA binding protein CELF2 in autophagy induction
Authors: New Jacob , Subramaniam Dharmalingam , Ramalingam Satish , Enders Jonathan , Sayed Afreen Asif Ali , Ponnurangam Sivapriya , Standing David , Ramamoorthy Prabhu , O'Neil Maura , Dixon Dan A. , Saha Subhrajit , Umar Shahid , Gunewardena Sumedha , Jensen Roy A. , Thomas Sufi Mary , Anant Shrikant 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe previously reported that ionizing radiation (IR) mediates cell death through the induction of CUGBP elav‐like family member 2 (CELF2), a tumor suppressor. CELF2 is an RNA binding protein that modulates mRNA stability and translation. Since IR induces autophagy, we hypothesized that CELF2 regulates autophagy‐mediated colorectal cancer (CRC) cell death. For clinical relevance, we determined CELF2 levels in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Role of CELF2 in radiation response was carried out in CRC cell lines by immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, autophagic vacuole analyses, RNA stability assay, quantitative polymerase chain reaction and electron microscopy. In vivo studies were performed in a xenograft tumor model. TCGA analyses demonstrated that compared to normal tissue, CELF2 is expressed at significantly lower levels in CRC, and is associated with better overall 5‐year survival in patients receiving radiation. Mechanistically, CELF2 increased levels of critical components of the autophagy cascade including Beclin‐1, ATG5, and ATG12 by modulating mRNA stability. CELF2 also increased autophagic flux in CRC. IR significantly induced autophagy in CRC which correlates with increased levels of CELF2 and autophagy associated proteins. Silencing CELF2 with siRNA, mitigated IR induced autophagy. Moreover, knockdown of CELF2 in vivo conferred tumor resistance to IR. These studies elucidate an unrecognized role for CELF2 in inducing autophagy and potentiating the effects of radiotherapy in CRC.
AbRSA: A robust tool for antibody numbering
Authors: Li Lei , Chen Shuang , Miao Zhichao , Liu Yang , Liu Xu , Xiao Zhi‐Xiong , Cao Yang 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe remarkable progress in cancer immunotherapy in recent years has led to the heat of great development for therapeutic antibodies. Antibody numbering, which standardizes a residue index at each position of an antibody variable domain, is an important step in immunoinformatic analysis. It provides an equivalent index for the comparison of sequences or structures, which is particularly valuable for antibody modeling and engineering. However, due to the extremely high diversity of antibody sequences, antibody‐numbering tools cannot work in all cases. This article introduces a new antibody‐numbering tool named AbRSA, which integrates heuristic knowledge of region‐specific features into sequence mapping to enhance the robustness. The benchmarks demonstrate that, AbRSA exhibits robust performance in numbering sequences with diverse lengths and patterns compared with the state‐of‐the‐art tools. AbRSA offers a user‐friendly interface for antibody numbering, complementarity‐determining region delimitation, and 3D structure rendering. It is freely available at http://cao.labshare.cn/AbRSA.
One‐Pot Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Arylpropenone Aminochalcone Conjugates as Potential Apoptotic Inducers
Authors: Khan Irfan , Ganapathi Thipparapu , Shareef Mohd Adil , Shaik Anver Basha , Akbar Syed , Rajanna Ajumeera , Kamal Ahmed , Kumar Chityal Ganesh 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA facile single pot strategy was developed to synthesize a library of 17 arylpropenone aminochalcone conjugates involving two consecutive reactions, namely Michael addition and Claisen‐Schmidt condensation. These conjugates were screened for their in vitro anti‐proliferative potential against selected human cancer cell lines such as breast (MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB‐231), pancreatic (PANC‐1) and colorectal (CaCO2) adenocarcinoma cells. Among them, the conjugates 6 l and 6p exhibited good to moderate cytotoxicity with IC50 values ranging from 6.7 μM and 9.8 μM, respectively, against MCF‐7. Furthermore, these conjugates were found to exhibit G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. Moreover, Annexin‐FITC assay revealed that they induced apoptosis in a dose‐dependent manner which probably is responsible for their Cytotoxicity
Synthesis of Enantiomerically Enriched Non‐Proteinogenic α‐Amino Acids Using the Suzuki Reaction
Authors: Saghyan Ashot S. , Mkrtchyan Anna F. , Mardiyan Zorayr Z. , Hayriyan Liana A. , Belokon Yuri N. , Langer Peter 
Published: April 2019

AbstractHerein we report the synthesis of a variety of new enantiomerically enriched non‐protein (S)‐α‐amino acids based on the reaction of generating new carbon‐carbon bonds in the side chain group of the amino acid moiety with high chemical yields and optical purity using the reaction of Suzuki. As the initial synthon, the Schiff base Ni(II) complex of the chiral auxiliary (S)‐BPB (N‐benzyl proline benzophenone) and 4‐bromo‐L‐phenylalanine amino acid was used. The final Ni(II) complexes were decomposed with aqueous HCl and the amino acids were isolated with excellent enantioselectivities (>99% ee). The chiral auxiliary ligand (S)‐BPB can be recycled and reused for the synthesis of starting Ni(II) complex.
3D Sulfur and Nitrogen Codoped Carbon Nanofiber Aerogels with Optimized Electronic Structure and Enlarged Interlayer Spacing Boost Potassium‐Ion Storage
Authors: Lv Chunxiao , Xu Wenjia , Liu Hongli , Zhang Lixue , Chen Shuai , Yang Xianfeng , Xu Xijin , Yang Dongjiang 
Published: April 2019

AbstractCarbonaceous materials are promising anodes for potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs). However, it is hard for large K ions (1.38 Å) to achieve long‐distance diffusion in pristine carbonaceous materials. In this work, the following are synthesized: S/N codoped carbon nanofiber aerogels (S/N‐CNFAs) with optimized electronic structure by S/N codoping, enhanced interlayer spacing by S doping, and a 3D interconnected porous structure of aerogel, through a pyrolysis sustainable seaweed (Fe‐alginate) aerogel strategy. Specifically, the S/N‐CNFAs electrode delivers high reversible capacities of 356 and 112 mA h g−1 at 100 and 5000 mA g−1, respectively. The capacity reaches 168 mA h g−1 at 2000 mA g−1 after 1000 cycles. A full cell with a S/N‐CNFAs anode and potassium prussian blue cathode displays a specific capacity of 198 mA h g−1 at 200 mA g−1. Density functional theory calculations indicate that S/N codoping is beneficial to synergistically improve K ions storage of S/N‐CNFAs by enhancing the adsorption of K ions and reducing the diffusion barrier of K ions. This work offers a facile heteroatom doping paradigm for designing new carbonaceous anodes for high‐performance PIBs.
Formation of a Monolayer Protein Corona around Polystyrene Nanoparticles and Implications for Nanoparticle Agglomeration
Authors: Wang Haixia , Ma Rui , Nienhaus Karin , Nienhaus Gerd Ulrich 
Published: April 2019

AbstractNanoparticle (NP) interactions with cells and organisms are mediated by a biomolecular adsorption layer, the so‐called “protein corona.” An in‐depth understanding of the corona is a prerequisite to successful and safe application of NPs in biology and medicine. In this work, earlier in situ investigations on small NPs are extended to large polystyrene (PS) NPs of up to 100 nm diameter, using human transferrin (Tf) and human serum albumin (HSA) as model proteins. Direct NP sizing experiments reveal a reversibly bound monolayer protein shell (under saturating conditions) on hydrophilic, carboxyl‐functionalized (PS‐COOH) NPs, as was earlier observed for much smaller NPs. In contrast, protein binding on hydrophobic, sulfated (PS‐OSO3H) NPs in solvent of low ionic strength is completely irreversible; nevertheless, the thickness of the observed protein corona again corresponds to a protein monolayer. Under conditions of reduced charge repulsion (higher ionic strength), the NPs are colloidally unstable and form large clusters below a certain protein–NP stoichiometric ratio, indicating that the adsorbed proteins induce NP agglomeration. This comprehensive characterization of the persistent protein corona on PS‐OSO3H NPs by nanoparticle sizing and quantitative fluorescence microscopy/nanoscopy reveals mechanistic aspects of molecular interactions occurring during exposure of NPs to biofluids.
View from practice: Stock market reaction to sukuk credit rating changes in Malaysia
Authors: Muhamad Sori Zulkarnain , Mohamad Shamsher , Al Homsi Mahmoud 
Published: April 2019

AbstractDocumented evidence on conventional bond markets shows negative market reaction to bond credit rating downgrade and no reaction to credit rating upgrade. Despite the fact that sukuk issuances make up more than 58.8% of the value of outstanding bonds in the country and Malaysia issues at least half of the world's sukuk and is widely recognized as a leader in the sukuk space, there is no documented evidence on the stock market reaction to sukuk credit rating changes. This study analyzed the wealth effect of sukuk credit rating changes in Malaysia using 16 sukuk upgrades and 20 sukuk downgrades for the period 2000–2014. The evidence shows negative market reaction to downgrades and positive significant reaction to sukuk rating upgrade. This symmetrical market reaction to sukuk credit rating changes implies the market was indifferent between bonds and sukuk from the credit rating perspective. This finding supports the notion that the credit rating agencies are Shariah‐neutral when rating these capital market instruments.
How Do Small and Medium-Sized Game Companies Use Analytics? An Attention-Based View of Game Analytics
Authors: Mäntymäki Matti , Hyrynsalmi Sami , Koskenvoima Antti 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe widespread adoption of the freemium business model together with the introduction of cost-efficient analytics tools have made the use of analytics pervasive in the game industry. While big data and analytics have drawn extensive scholarly attention, the research focusing particularly on game analytics is scant and largely descriptive. Thus, there is a need for research focusing on how game companies employ analytics. In this study, we analyze data collected through a set of in-depth interviews of small and medium-sized freemium game developers. We identify four main roles of game analytics: 1) sense-making device, 2) decision-support system, 3) communication tool, and 4) hygiene factor. We employ the attention-based view of the firm to discuss how these roles diverge and converge in terms of organizational attention. The study advances the research on the roles and business value of analytics in the game and software industry.
Effects of Proton Pump Inhibitors on the Gastrointestinal Microbiota in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Authors: Shi Yi-Chao , Cai Shun-Tian , Tian Ya-Ping , Zhao Hui-Jun , Zhang Yan-Bing , Chen Jing , Ren Rong-Rong , Luo Xi , Peng Li-Hua , Sun Gang , Yang Yun-Sheng 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are commonly used to lessen symptoms in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). However, the effects of PPI therapy on the gastrointestinal microbiota in GERD patients remain unclear. We examined the association between the PPI usage and the microbiota present in gastric mucosal and fecal samples from GERD patients and healthy controls (HCs) using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. GERD patients taking PPIs were further divided into short-term and long-term PPI user groups. We showed that PPI administration lowered the relative bacterial diversity of the gastric microbiota in GERD patients. Compared to the non-PPI-user and HC groups, higher abundances of Planococcaceae, Oxalobacteraceae, and Sphingomonadaceae were found in the gastric microbiota from the PPI-user group. In addition, the Methylophilus genus was more highly abundant in the long-term PPI user group than in the short-term PPI-user group. Despite the absence of differences in alpha diversity, there were significant differences in the fecal bacterial composition of between GERD patients taking PPIs and those not taking PPIs. There was a higher abundance of Streptococcaceae, Veillonellaceae, Acidaminococcaceae, Micrococcaceae, and Flavobacteriaceae present in the fecal microbiota from the PPI-user group than those from the non-PPI-user and HC groups. Additionally, a significantly higher abundance of Ruminococcus was found in GERD patients on long-term PPI medication than that on short-term PPI medication. Our study indicates that PPI administration in patients with GERD has a significant effect on the abundance and structure of the gastric mucosal microbiota but only on the composition of the fecal microbiota.
Comparison of elastic moduli from seismic diving-wave and ice-core microstructure analysis in Antarctic polar firn
Authors: Schlegel Rebecca , Diez Anja , Löwe Henning , Mayer Christoph , Lambrecht Astrid , Freitag Johannes , Miller Heinrich , Hofstede Coen , Eisen Olaf 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTWe compared elastic moduli in polar firn derived from diving wave refraction seismic velocity analysis, firn-core density measurements and microstructure modelling based on firn-core data. The seismic data were obtained with a small electrodynamic vibrator source near Kohnen Station, East Antarctica. The analysis of diving waves resulted in velocity–depth profiles for different wave types (P-, SH- and SV-waves). Dynamic elastic moduli of firn were derived by combining P- and S-wave velocities and densities obtained from firn-core measurements. The structural finite-element method (FEM) was used to calculate the components of the elastic tensor from firn microstructure derived from X-ray tomography of firn-core samples at depths of 10, 42, 71 and 99 m, providing static elastic moduli. Shear and bulk moduli range from 0.39 to 2.42 GPa and 0.68 to 2.42 GPa, respectively. The elastic moduli from seismic observations and the structural FEM agree within 8.5% for the deepest achieved values at a depth of 71 m, and are within the uncertainty range. Our observations demonstrate that the elastic moduli of the firn can be consistently obtained from two independent methods which are based on dynamic (seismic) and static (tomography and FEM) observations, respectively, for deeper layers in the firn below ~10 m depth.