bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Bibliometric Analysis of Clinical and Translational Research in Pediatric Gastroenterology From 1970 to 2017
Authors: Schwimmer Melanie H. , Sawh Mary C. , Heskett Karen M. , Goyal Nidhi P. , Newton Kimberly P. , Schwimmer Jeffrey B. 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTObjectives:Pediatric gastroenterology is a clinical and research discipline principally developed over the past 50 years. Bibliometric methods provide quantitative analysis and identify research trends. Study aims were to characterize the growth and trends in pediatric gastroenterology clinical and translational research using citation analysis.Methods:Using citations analysis software, a search strategy specific for pediatric gastroenterology was implemented for the years 1970 to 2017. The 50 most‐cited research articles per decade were identified. These 250 articles were coded for topic and study attribute. Analysis included authors, affiliations, journals, countries, and funding sources.Results:Overall average annual growth rate for pediatric gastroenterology publications was significantly higher than that for general pediatrics (51.7% vs 6.2%; P < 0.05). Among the top 250 cited articles, the distribution of study focus was epidemiology (43%), pathophysiology (18%), treatment (16%), diagnosis (8%), prevention (8%), and comorbidities of gastrointestinal diseases (7%).There were 38 different topics represented and there was a notable shift in topic focus over time. Cholestasis, biliary atresia, and total parenteral nutrition were common topics from 1970 to 1989 and obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and eosinophilic esophagitis were common topics after 1990. Notably, 2.3% of the authors accounted for 30% of the top 250 articles.Conclusions:Pediatric gastroenterology research has undergone rapid growth yielding advancements in the management of gastrointestinal conditions in children. The emergence of new diseases in need of better diagnostics and therapeutics led to a temporal shift in research focus. Further advancements will require multidisciplinary collaborations and continued funding for pediatric gastroenterology research.
Parental Presence at the Bedside of Critically Ill Children in a Unit With Unrestricted Visitation*
Authors: Foster Jennifer R. , AlOthmani Farhana I. , Seabrook Jamie A. , AlOfisan Tariq , AlGarni Yasser M. , Sarpal Amrita 
Published: June 2018

Objectives:
To determine the percentage of time that critically ill children have a parent at the bedside and to identify extrinsic factors that are associated with percent of time with parental presence at the bedside.

Design:
Prospective cohort study.

Setting:
PICU in a single tertiary care children’s hospital.

Subjects:
Primary two parents of all children admitted to the PICU on 12 preselected days during a 1-year period from 2014 to 2015.

Interventions:
None.

Measurement and Main Results:
A total of 111 observations of 108 unique PICU admissions and families were performed. Children had at least one parent present a mean of 58.2% (sd, 34.6%) of the time. Mothers spent more time at the bedside (56.3% [sd, 31.0%]) than fathers (37.3% [sd, 29.5%]) (p = 0.0001). Percent of time with parental presence at the bedside was positively correlated with age (r

s
= 0.23; p = 0.02) and negatively associated with Pediatric Risk of Mortality III score (r

s
= –0.26; p = 0.01). Percent of time with parental presence at the bedside was lower for children who were mechanically ventilated (42.8% [sd, 35.5%]) than not (64.5% [sd, 32.2%]) (p = 0.01) and whose parent(s) were single (45.5% [sd, 27.5%]) or cohabitating/common-law (35.7% [sd, 26.4%]) compared with parents who were married (64.2% [sd, 34.2%]) or separated/divorced (68.3% [sd, 28.8%]) (p = 0.02). Percent of time with parental presence at the bedside was higher for children with chronic illnesses (63.4% [sd, 32.9%] vs 50.1% [sd, 35.8%] without; p = 0.04), when there was a bed in the patient room (61.4% [sd, 34.0%] vs 32.5% [sd, 28.3%] without; p = 0.01), and when parents slept in the patient room (90.3% [sd, 11.2%]) compared with their own home (37.6% [sd, 34.4%]) (p < 0.0001). Percent of time with parental presence at the bedside was not correlated with day of PICU stay, number of siblings, previous PICU admission, isolation status, or nursing ratio.

Conclusions:
Children had a parent present at the bedside approximately 60% of the time. The parents of younger, sicker children may benefit from supportive interventions during PICU admission. Further research is needed to examine both extrinsic and intrinsic factors affecting parental presence at the bedside.
Corrected QT Interval Prolongation in Hospitalized Pediatric Patients Receiving Methadone
Authors: Schwinghammer Amy J. , Wilson Machelle D. , Hall Brent A. 
Published: June 2018

Objectives:
Methadone is often used in pediatric patients to prevent or treat opioid withdrawal after prolonged sedation. Prolonged corrected QT interval is an important adverse effect of methadone because it can progress to torsades de pointes, a potentially fatal dysrhythmia. The prevalence of corrected QT interval prolongation and contributing risk factors are not well defined in hospitalized pediatric patients receiving methadone. The study purpose was to identify the frequency and risk factors of corrected QT interval prolongation in hospitalized pediatric patients receiving methadone.

Design:
Retrospective cohort study.

Setting:
Tertiary academic pediatric hospital, University of California Davis Children’s Hospital, Sacramento, CA.

Patients:
Cohort of 89 pediatric patients (birth to 18 yr) who received at least one dose of methadone while hospitalized.

Interventions:
Retrospective data over 7.5 years were obtained from the electronic health record.

Measurements and Main Results:
From the cohort, 45 patients (50.6%) had documented corrected QT interval prolongation (≥ 450 ms) during the study period. No episodes of torsades de pointes were identified. In univariate analyses, higher maximum methadone doses were associated with a prolonged corrected QT interval (0.98 vs 0.59 mg/kg/d; odds ratio, 2.56; 1.15–5.70). Corrected QT interval prolongation occurred more frequently in patients with cardiac disease (63% vs 41%; p = 0.10). No factors were statistically significant in the multivariate analysis.

Conclusions:
In hospitalized pediatric patients receiving methadone, corrected QT interval prolongation was common, but no episodes of torsades de pointes were documented. Risk factors that have been identified in adults were not associated with prolongation in our study population.
Brain Metastasis of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma Without Macroscopic Calcification Detected First on 68Ga-Dotatate and Then on 18F-Fluoride PET/CT
Authors: Duarte Paulo Schiavom , Marin José Flávio Gomes , De Carvalho José Willegaignon De Amorim , Sapienza Marcelo Tatit , Buchpiguel Carlos Alberto 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
We report a case of a medullary thyroid carcinoma noncalcified brain metastasis characterized on 68Ga-dotatate PET/CT but not on an 18F-fluoride PET/CT performed 1 month later. Subsequent 18F-fluoride PET/CT studies performed 7 and 19 months after the 68Ga-dotatate PET/CT study demonstrated focal uptake in the metastasis. The CT images of the last PET/CT study also depicted a small focus of calcification beginning in the metastatic site.
Lateral Lower Lip Cleft: A Report of a Rare Craniofacial Cleft in a Child
Authors: Hassanpour Seyed Esmail , Shirazi Fatemeh Hosseinizadegan , Karim Ferial 
Published: June 2018

Introduction:Craniofacial clefts are unusual. Perioral clefts that are discussed in the literature include cleft lip and cleft palate is more common. Midline mandibular and lower lip clefts are rare. Lateral lower lip cleft with only soft tissue involvement is so rare that it has not been reported until now.Clinical Report:A 44-month-old girl with a 1-cm-length cleft on the lateral side of the lower lip 8 mm medial to the commissure in lateral one-third of the lower lip referred to the authors’ clinic. Repair of the lip consisted of excision of excess mucosa, muscle repair, and 2 z plasties at the level of skin and mucosal layer.Conclusion:This is the first report of a new foreseen type of Tessier clefts which may be classified as one of the clefts 15 to 29. Repair of this cleft can be done by soft tissue considerations when there are no underlying hard structure defects.
Risk Factors and Clinical Course for Liver Steatosis or Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis After Living Donor Liver Transplantation
Authors: Miyaaki Hisamitsu , Miuma Satoshi , Taura Naota , Shibata Hidetaka , Sasaki Ryu , Soyama Akihiko , Hidaka Masaaki , Takatsuki Mitsuhisa , Eguchi Susumu , Nakao Kazuhiko 
Published: June 2018

Background
Posttransplant liver steatosis occurs frequently and can affect patient outcome. Our aim was to clarify the risk factors for steatosis or steatohepatitis after living donor liver transplantation (LT) through a retrospective examination of recent 100 living donor LT recipients and their liver donors.

Methods
Liver biopsy was performed at 1 year after LT and each year, thereafter, or as needed due to abnormal liver enzyme levels, with a median follow-up of 4 years (2-10 years).

Results
Liver steatosis (≥5%) was identified in 33 cases, with steatohepatitis identified in 9 of 33 patients with liver steatosis. Recipients with liver steatosis were younger than those without steatosis (53.4 ± 9.5 years vs 57.6 ± 9.9 years, respectively; P = 0.045). Of note, the prevalence of steatosis was significantly higher among LT recipients who received a graft from a donor with steatosis than without (60% vs 23%, respectively; P = 0.001). Donor steatosis was also associated with steatohepatitis in recipients after LT (steatohepatitis/simple steatosis, 88%:50%). On multivariate analysis, younger recipient age (P = 0.023) and donor steatosis (P = 0.005) were independent risk factors of liver steatosis after LT. Among the 33 recipients in our study group, 26 were assessed by serial liver biopsies, with 6 showing progression of the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease activity score. An increase in body weight was predictive of steatosis progression after LT (P = 0.005).

Conclusions
Age and donor steatosis influence the risk of liver steatosis and steatohepatitis in recipients after LT. The clinical course of steatosis is relatively benign, with only 19% developing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease activity score and 7.6% significant fibrosis.
Modafinil Reduces Parasympathetic Activity but Does Not Influence Autonomic Reactivity to Orthostatic Load in Narcolepsy Type 1
Authors: Bušek Petr , Bušková Jitka , Miletínová Eva , Mladá Karolína , Nevšímalová Soňa , Šonka Karel 
Published: June 2018

Introduction
Modafinil may affect autonomic functions in healthy subjects. The aim of the study was to assess the long-term modafinil administration influence on the cardiac autonomic reactivity to orthostatic load in patients with narcolepsy type 1.

Methods
In 15 patients (4 male; 11 female; median age, 47 years; range, 18–70 years) with narcolepsy type 1 treated with modafinil in daily dose of 100 to 300 mg, the short-term spectral analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) in supine-standing-supine test was performed before and after 72 hours of modafinil discontinuation.

Results
The sympathovagal reactivity to orthostatic load was not modified by modafinil treatment; nevertheless, the parasympathetic activity expressed by length of R-R interval and high-frequency component of HRV is reduced in supine position in patients taking modafinil.

Conclusions
We conclude that long-term use of modafinil does not influence the cardiac autonomic reactivity to orthostatic load expressed by the HRV changes in supine-standing-supine test in narcolepsy type 1 patients, but the parasympathetic cardiac activity may be reduced in quiet supine position in patients with narcolepsy taking modafinil.
Logistic Regression Analysis of Multiple Interosseous Hand-Muscle Activities using Surface Electromyography during Finger-Oriented Tasks
Authors: Yokoyama Masayuki , Yanagisawa Masao 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTIntrinsic hand muscles are densely located in the hand, and the myoelectric observation from the surface is sometimes unreliable because of some outside influences that may interfere with the signals. In the present study, we evaluated the activities of multiple interosseous hand-muscles which densely located in the hand, through analyzing the surface electromyographic signals during finger-oriented tasks using univariate and multivariate logistic regression models. Ten healthy subjects participated in our experiment, and isometrically exercised each finger one by one in flexed form. The result of a univariate analysis with the power and amplitude domain predictor variables of the surface electromyographic signals showed significant consistency between the activated finger and the inserted finger of the dorsal interosseous muscles to the proximal phalanx (P < 0.001). Meanwhile, the results of a multivariate analysis showed a higher correlation of the regression model of the fourth dorsal interosseous muscle during the action of the ring finger using frequency-domain variables (the Nagelkerke R2 = 0.716 when the median frequency was used), compared to the model without the frequency-domain variables (the Nagelkerke R2 = 0.583). Our result showed that the logistic regression models have a particular possibility for the analysis of the surface electromyographic signals of densely located hand-muscle activities related to the finger-oriented tasks.
Sex differences in brain structure: An autism twin study on restricted and repetitive behaviors
Authors: van’t Westeinde Annelies , Cauvet Élodie , Toro Roberto , Kuja-Halkola Ralf , Neufeld Janina , Mevel Katell , Bölte Sven 
Published: June 2018

AbstractFemales with autism spectrum disorder have been reported to exhibit fewer and less severe restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests compared to males. This difference might indicate sex specific alterations of brain networks involved in autism symptom domains, especially within cortico-striatal and sensory integration networks. This study used a well-controlled twin design to examine sex differences in brain anatomy in relation to repetitive behaviors. In 75 twin pairs (n=150, 62 females, 88 males) enriched for autism spectrum disorder (n=32), and other neurodevelopmental disorders (n =32), we explored the association of restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests – operationalized by the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (C domain) and the Social Responsiveness Scale-2 (Restricted Interests and Repetitive Behavior subscale), with cortical volume, surface area and thickness of neocortical, sub-cortical and cerebellar networks. Cotwin control analyses revealed within-pair associations between RRBI symptoms and the right intraparietal sulcus and right orbital gyrus in females only. These findings endorse the importance of investigating sex differences in the neurobiology of autism symptoms, and indicate different etiological pathways underlying restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests in females and males.
Molecular characterization of beast’s maguey (Agave antillarum Descourt), in the Dominican Republic
Authors: Núñez José R. , Hoda Ineko 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTBackgroundThis research project was proposed to determine the genetic variability (if any) of beast maguey (Agave antillanarum Decourt) populations, by means of molecular markers of the AFLPs (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) type. For the determination of genetic variability, samples were collected from wild populations of maguey growing in some regions of the Dominican Republic, mainly the north, northwest, south and southwest regions, using statistical techniques already established for these cases. These samples were processed and analyzed in the plant molecular biology laboratory of the Centtro de Biotecnología Vegetal (CEBIVE) of Instituto de Innovación en Biotecnología e Industria (IIBI) in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.ResultsAs for the genetic diversity is concerned, it was found that several of the populations studied differ from each other without taking into account the geographic distance where they grow. We concluded that there is a possibility that more than one species of Agave antillarun could be found in the wild in the Dominican Republic.
Eight new genomes of organohalide-respiring Dehalococcoides mccartyi reveal evolutionary trends in reductive dehalogenase enzymes
Authors: Molenda Olivia , Tang Shuiquan , Lomheim Line , Edwards Elizabeth A. 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTBackgroundBioaugmentation is now a well-established approach for attenuating toxic groundwater and soil contaminants, particularly for chlorinated ethenes and ethanes. The KB-1 and WBC-2 consortia are cultures used for this purpose. These consortia contain organisms belonging to the Dehalococcoidia, including strains of Dehalococcoides mccartyi in KB-1 and of both D. mccartyi and Dehalogenimonas in WBC-2. These tiny anaerobic bacteria couple respiratory reductive dechlorination to growth and harbour multiple reductive dehalogenase genes (rdhA) in their genomes, the majority of which have yet to be characterized.ResultsUsing a combination of Illumina mate-pair and paired-end sequencing we closed the genomes of eight new strains of Dehalococcoides mccartyi found in three related KB-1 sub-cultures that were enriched on trichloroethene (TCE), 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCA) and vinyl chloride (VC), bringing the total number of genomes available in NCBI to 24. A pangenome analysis was conducted on 24 Dehalococcoides genomes and five Dehalogenimonas genomes (2 in draft) currently available in NCBI. This Dehalococcoidia pangenome generated 2875 protein families comprising of 623 core, 2203 accessory, and 49 unique protein families. In Dehalococcoides mccartyi the complement of reductive dehalogenase genes varies by strain, but what was most surprising was how the majority of rdhA sequences actually exhibit a remarkable degree of synteny across all D. mccartyi genomes. Several homologous sequences are also shared with Dehalogenimonas genomes. Nucleotide and predicted protein sequences for all reductive dehalogenases were aligned to begin to decode the evolutionary history of reductive dehalogenases in the Dehalococcoidia.ConclusionsThe conserved synteny of the rdhA genes observed across Dehalococcoides genomes indicates that the major differences between strain rdhA gene complement has resulted from gene loss rather than recombination. These rdhA have a long evolutionary history and trace their origin in the Dehalococcoidia prior to the speciation of Dehalococcoides and Dehalogenimonas. The only rdhA genes suspected to have been acquired by lateral gene transfer are protein-coding rdhA that have been identified to catalyze dehalogenation of industrial pollutants. Sequence analysis suggests that evolutionary pressures resulting in new rdhA genes involve adaptation of existing dehalogenases to new substrates, mobilization of rdhA between genomes or within a genome, and to a lesser degree manipulation of regulatory regions to alter expression.
Intertemporal consumption behaviour in OIC countries
Authors: Shaikh Salman Ahmed , Ismail Mohd Adib , Ismail Abdul Ghafar , Shahimi Shahida , Mohd Shafiai Muhammad Hakimi 
Published: June 2018

PurposeThis study aims to examine the consumption behaviour in Organization of Islamic Cooperation countries.Design/methodology/approachUsing time series and panel data, this study estimates rational expectations permanent income hypothesis model and the intertemporal elasticity of substitution, and examines the response in consumption to expected and unexpected changes in income.FindingsThe evidence supports the phenomenon of loss aversion. The response of consumption to unexpected income changes is statistically significant in only one-third of the countries in the sample. Conversely, the response of consumption to expected income changes is statistically as well as economically significant in one-fourth of the countries in the sample. The intertemporal elasticity of substitution is also statistically insignificant in majority of OIC countries in the sample.Practical implicationsThe evidence in support of loss aversion in preferences could help in explaining the low penetration of equity-based risk sharing instruments in Islamic finance.Social implicationsThe excess sensitivity of consumption to income suggests that redistribution efforts to enhance incomes of poor households could help in enhancing their consumption levels.Originality/valueThe study takes a comprehensive sample across time and space for OIC countries as compared to previous studies and also adjusts the budget constraint for Zakat.
Stretched backboneless continuum manipulator driven by cannula tendons
Authors: Gao GuoHua , Ren Han , Xia QiXiao , Wang Hao , Li LianShi 
Published: June 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present a stretched backboneless continuum manipulator, which aims to provide sufficient inner room for potential transportation of objects or fixture of necessary devices, and to reduce the number of motors for reduction of the weight of the system.

Design/methodology/approach
A mathematical model of the presented manipulator is established in this paper. To verify the presented theory, the position of the free end was recorded by a high-resolution digital camera in experiment. According to the comparison of experimental values and theoretical values, the error is less than 2.5 per cent. It shows that the mathematical model and theoretical analysis are reasonable; the presented continuum manipulator can reach to desired postures and positions.

Findings
This paper presents a new stretched backboneless continuum manipulator supported and driven by cannula tendons. The cannula tendons are composed of rubber tubes and glass fibers. The upper section and the lower section of the presented manipulator are driven by same motors. For steering the manipulator, switched driving strategy is developed based on the presented kinematics model. The presented manipulator possesses six degrees of freedom (DOFs) and has good performance in dealing with complex working environment. The experiment verifies the presented driving strategy.

Research limitations/implications
The presented backboneless continuum manipulator has only two sections and is supported by cannula tendons. Extending this structure to further more sections is a challenge and is left for future research.

Originality/value
The value of this study is to propose a stretched backboneless continuum manipulator, which can provide inner room as large as possible for potential usage and halve the number of motors, for which a switched driving strategy is put forward. As a result, the weight and complexity of the manipulator are decreased. The presented manipulator is able to move in potential complex environments and approach its objects in different postures in virtue of its high flexibility and its six DOFs.