bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of yeast stress and organic acids on chloropropanols formation in cereal products
Authors: G Hamlet C. , A Sadd P. 
Published: February 2018

A major precursor of monochloropropanediols (MCPDs) in leavened cereal products is glycerol, which is formed as a natural by-product of yeast fermentation. However, yeast metabolism is affected by stresses such as low osmotic pressure from e.g. the incorporation of sugar or salt in the dough recipe. Tests with cooked model doughs have shown that glycerol production was proportional to yeast level and limited by available sugars, but high levels of yeast inhibited MCPD formation. Added glucose did not increase the production of glycerol but did promote the generation of MCPDs. This effect was attributed to the thermal generation of organic acids from added glucose, so the effect of pH and short-chain organic acids on MCPD generation was measured. There was a good correlation between initial dough pH and the level of MCPDs generated. The effect was weaker than that predicted by simple kinetic modelling, suggesting that the involvement of H+ and/or the organic acid was catalytic or not rate-determining.
Chloropropanols and their esters in cereal products
Authors: G Hamlet C. , A Sadd P. 
Published: February 2018

Chloropropanols, in particular monochloropropanediols (MCPDs) are food contaminants that can form in the high temperature crust region of cereal products. Previous studies have indicated that MCPD-esters may be formed from a reaction between chloride ions and some lipids, although, to date, these compounds have not been reported in cereal products. MCPD-esters were extracted into an organic solvent and cleaned up by a preparative thin-layer chromatography procedure. Sample extracts were analysed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and the data compared with that obtained from a reference MCPD-ester, prepared by a custom synthesis. A faster method using enzyme hydrolysis and GC/MS showed that MCPD-esters could also be determined as the amount of 3-MCPD released by a commercial lipase from Aspergillus oryzae. Under the conditions of enzyme hydrolysis, model system studies indicated that low levels of MCPDs might also be generated by a lipase catalysed reaction between short chain triacylglycerols and chloride ions.
Survey of 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol and its precursors in foods in the Czech Republic
Authors: Divinová V. , Svejkovská B. , Novotný O. , Velíšek J. 
Published: February 2018

A survey of the levels of 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) and its precursors in a range of selected retail food products in the Czech Republic is reported. The foods were selected according to their content of water, chlorides and lipids and included foods processed at high temperatures and/or stored for a long time. The content of 3-MCPD was determined by the GC/MS method using deuterium-labeled 3-MCPD. Water content and pH value of the analysed foods were determined together with the recognised precursors of 3-MCPD, fat, glycerol and chlorides. An insight into the level of 3-MCPD influenced by these variables has been done by principal components analysis.
Investigation of bisphenol a diglycidyl ether, bisphenol f diglycidyl ether and their hydroxy and chlorohydroxy derivatives stability in water-based food simulants
Authors: Poustková I. , Dobiáš J. , Poustka J. , Voldřich M. 
Published: February 2018

Varnishes used as the inner coatings of food cans are often based on epoxy resins or vinylic organosols. The epoxy resins can be produced from bisphenol A (BPA) and bisphenol F (BPF) and they also contain bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) as stabilising components. These compounds may break down during storage and also by influence of food simulants. The stability of BADGE and BFDGE was studied using reverse-phase gradient high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) with fluorescence detection (FLD). Four experiments were compared: (i) BPA solution at the concentration 3 μg/ml of each food simulant, (ii) BADGE solution at the concentration 3 μg/ml of each food simulant, (iii) BFDGE solution at the concentration 3 μg/ml of each food simulant and (iv) mixture of all bisphenols solution at the concentration 3 μg/ml of each food simulant. Distilled water, 10% ethanol, 95% ethanol and 3% acetic acid were used as food simulants. It was observed that BPA, BADGE and BFDGE were most stabile in 95% ethanol and least stabile in 3% acetic acid. Creation of hydroxy and chlorohydroxy derivatives was in each food simulant different so it cannot be predicted.
Characterisation of physicochemical interactions between benzo(a)pyrene contained in vegetable oil and polyethylene terephtalate
Authors: Skláršová B. , Šimko P. , Šimon P. , Belajová E. 
Published: February 2018

Rapeseed oil was spiked with benzo(a)pyrene [BaP] solution at the level of 29.4 μg/kg, filled into polyethylene terephtalate [PET] cylindrical shape receptacles and the BaP concentrations were followed for during 97 h by HPLC. During this time, the BaP concentrations decreased to 22.9 μg/kg due to an interaction of BaP with PET. Using a modified kinetic equation, the diffusion coefficient for BaP in the oil was determined. Calculation of the area occupied by a BaP molecule on PET surface suggests that either the multilayer adsorption or the diffusion of BaP into PET bulk came into account as the decisive factors bringing about the decrease of BaP concentrations in the oil.
The determination of N-methylcarbamate pesticides using enzyme immunoassays with chemiluminescent detection
Authors: Mičková B. , Rauch P. , Montoya A. , Ferri E. , Fini F. , Girotti S. 
Published: February 2018

In the present work, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) with chemiluminescent detection for the determination of carbofuran, carbaryl and methiocarb were developed and the analytical parameters of these assays were compared with those of ELISAs with colorimetric detection. The sensitivity of immunochemical methods was expressed as detection limit, linear working range, and I<sub>50</sub> value. In comparison with colorimetric ELISA, the ability of the chemiluminescent reagents to detect lower concentrations of HRP allowed to decrease the optimal antibody and conjugate concentrations and to reach better analytical parameters. The experimental comparison of the analytical performance of the ELISAs was carried out by analysing simply diluted fruit juices, spiked at different concentration levels with the above mentioned pesticides. Recovery values for both ELISAs were around 100% and no matrix effects were observed when fruit juices were diluted 1:20 or more.
Inhibition of lactic acid bacteria and bacillus sp. growth in cheese and meat products due to effect of polymer packaging film with incorporated nisin
Authors: Krejčová O. , Šviráková E. , Dobiáš J. , Plocková M. 
Published: February 2018

Active packaging systems based on the application of packaging materials with incorporated and/or immobilized antimicrobial agents provides one of promising trends in food processing. The object of this work was to test the effect of polyethylene (LDPE) packaging film treated with lacquer containing 5% (w/w) Nisaplin<sup>®</sup> on the growth of lactic acid bacteria, aerobic sporeforming bacteria, Bacillus cereus and on the changes of total count of bacteria in packaged meat products and processed cheese. Peaces of cheese in contact with nisin treated film were stored at 21°C for 0, 7, and 28 days. The obtained results confirmed significant inhibitory effect of such packaging system against aerobic sporeforming bacteria, when the decrease of above mentioned bacteria contamination up to four logarithmic cycles were determined. In contact with sliced salami the significant decrease of total bacteria as well as lactic acid bacteria counts were found. During storage of packaged salami for two weeks at 5°C the total bacteria count on the surface of product in contact with the package dropped by more than one logarithmic cycles, present lactic bacteria were inhibited by more than two logarithmic cycles.
New formulations for low-fat frankfurters and its effect on product quality
Authors: A Lurueña-Martínez M. , Revilla I. , M Vivar-Quintana A. 
Published: February 2018

The effects of reducing fat level (9% and 12%), substituting pork fat with olive oil and adding locust bean/xanthan gum on emulsion stability, jelly and fat separation, cook loss, and hardness of frankfurters were investigated and compared with control sample elaborated with 20% of fat content. Results showed that addition of locust bean/xanthan gum produced a significant increase in hydration/binding properties, characterised by lower cook losses, increasing yield, better emulsion stability and lower jelly and fat separation. The substitution of fat pork by olive oil did not affect these parameters. Multivariate comparison between elaborated low-fat products and commercial frankfurters (normal and low-fat) were carried out using a factorial analysis. Results showed that addition of locust bean/xanthan gum results in products similar to commercial frankfurters with higher fat contents.
Hiperkalsemi ve Çoklu Patolojik Kemik Fraktürü ile Başvuran Akut Lenfoblastik Lösemi
Authors: GİRGEÇ Ahmet , TEMİZ Fatih , YURTTUTAN Sadık , DİNÇER Zübeyde , ÖZEN Osman Nuri , ACIPAYAM Can 
Published: February 2018

Hiperkalsemi, bazı lenfoproliferatif hastalıklarda sıkça görülmesine rağmen çocukluk çağı akut lenfoblastik lösemilerinde nadir bir komplikasyondur. Bu yazıda hiperkalsemi ve çoğul patolojik kemik kırıkları ile başvuran ve akut lösemi tanısı konulan 8 yaşında bir erkek olgu sunulmuştur. Hiperkalsemi etkeni olabilecek tüm nedenler araştırıldı ve laboratuar testler normal bulundu. Hiperkalsemi, intravenöz izotonik sodyum klorür, furosemid, steroidler ve bifosfonatlar ile tedavi edildi. Hiperkalsemi, çocukluk çağı akut lenfoblastik löseminin başlangıç laboratuvar bulgusu olabilir. Tekrarlayan laboratuvar ve periferik yayma incelemeleri hiperkalseminin ayırıcı tanısında önemlidir.
Tendinopatía aquilea y ejercicio excéntrico, una revisión narrativa
Authors: Martín Llantino Pedro Javier , Vázquez Rigueira Patricia , Rodríguez Sanz David , Romero Morales Carlos , Calvo Lobo César 
Published: February 2018

Objetivos: El objetivo principal de esta revisión bibliográfica es conocer la aplicación más eficaz según la ciencia de ejercicio excéntrico (EE) a la hora de manejar la TA. Los objetivos secundarios son conocer las diferencias entre sexos al recibir el tratamiento de ejercicio excéntrico en la TA y conocer el mecanismo de acción del EE en la TA. Material y Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en la base de datos PubMed. Se usaron los siguientes términos: “Tendinopathy”, “Tendinopathy treatment”, “Tendinopathy eccentric” “Tendinopathy eccentric exercise”, “Achilles tendinopathy”, “Achilles tendinopathy treatment”, “Achilles tendinopathy rehabilitation”, “Achilles tendinopathy physical therapy”, “Achilles tendinopathy exersice”, “Achilles tendinopathy eccentric”. Se seleccionaron artículos que aportaban calidad metodológica, relevancia científica, o una visión novedosa.Resultados: Se encontraron artículos que apoyan la aplicación de EE como tratamiento de la TA y la dosificación recomendada. Se encontraron varios artículos que teorizan sobre los efectos del EE en la TA. Se encontró un artículo que diferencia los efectos del EE en hombres y en mujeres en la TA.Conclusiones: El EE sería el tratamiento de elección en una TA. El protocolo de Alfedson cuenta con la mayoría de los apoyos científicos. En el futuro será necesario realizar estudios de mayor calidad metodológica sobre diferentes opciones de ejercicio. No quedan claros cuáles son los mecanismos de acción del EE en la TA. Queda demostrado que los efectos del EE en las mujeres son limitados en comparación con los hombres.
Prenatal onset of sporadic form of infantile cortical hyperostosis
Authors: Cohen Lourdes 
Published: February 2018

Infantile cortical hyperostosis, Caffey’s disease, is characterized by cortical swelling of one or several flat or long bones, fever, irritability and decreased movement of the affected bones. The onset of presentation is around ten weeks of age, however, antenatal cases with familial and sporadic forms have being reported. The etiology is unknown. Autosomal dominant or recessive inheritance and sporadic cases have been reported. Present case report describes a mild, antenatal and sporadic form of Caffey’s disease in a newborn infant, who presented with painless swelling and deformity of the right tibia and right forearm.
Sensorineural hearing loss and type II diabetes mellitus
Authors: Sachdeva Kavita , Azim Saima 
Published: February 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">The association between Hearing loss and diabetes, first mentioned by Jardao in 1857, had been under continuous research since then; giving both positive and negative results. This study aims to explore the relationship of hearing loss with type II DM and also to evaluate the impact of glycemic control over degree of hearing loss. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">92 patients with type II DM were enrolled in this study, audiometrically evaluated and compared with equal number of age and sex matched non-diabetic controls. Apart from audiological tests, haematological tests like FBS, PPBS, HbA1c, serum creatinine and cholesterol were carried out to assess glycemic control. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">It was observed that 31 (34%) of the diabetic patients had mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss, while only 12 (13%) of the control group suffered from the same, which is statistically significant (p&lt;0.05). Among these 31 patients, 19 (61%) patients had uncontrolled diabetes (HbA1c &gt;8.5) and 12 (39%) had higher creatinine levels (&gt;2.5 mg/dl). Higher frequencies (4 and 8 kHz) were found to be affected more, both in case and control groups. Low stapedial reflex thresholds were observed in 14% patients of case group and 5.4% of the controls. Speech discrimination scores were not significantly different. Otoacoustic emission showed outer hair cell dysfunction in 85% cases and 66% controls. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">There is a strong correlation between diabetes mellitus and hearing threshold levels especially at higher frequencies. Long duration and uncontrolled diabetes has more implications over hearing threshold. Since the pattern of hearing loss in diabetes and presbycusis is similar, it may be said that hearing level with ageing is significantly impaired earlier in diabetic patients as compared to general population.</span></p>
Comparison of stacked tone-ABR and chirp ABR in individual with normal hearing and sensorineural hearing loss
Authors: Reddy C. R. Vijay Bharath , Reddy M. Santhosh , Suresh K. 
Published: February 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> There are no published studies that compared amplitude of stacked-Tone ABR and Chirp ABR in hearing impaired individuals with sensorineural hearing loss, which need to be investigated. Objective of the study was to know whether amplitude of standard chirp evoked ABR is same as tone burst evoked stacked ABR in individuals with normal hearing listeners and individuals with sensorineural hearing loss.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Present hospital based cross sectional study was carried out at Malla Reddy Institute of Medical Sciences, from January 2016 to December 2016. Two groups of subjects were taken. Group I consisted of 20 ears (14 males and 6 females) with normal hearing. Group II consisted of 20 ears (11 females and 9 males) with cochlear hearing loss. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Wave V Amplitude of stacked tone ABR was higher than Chirp stimuli evoked ABR wave V in both the groups. Amplitude of stacked tone ABR and chirp was smaller for individuals with sensorineural hearing loss than normal hearing. Between the 2 chirp stimuli, standard Chirp ABR amplitude was higher than modified Chirp in normal hearing listeners and individual with sensorineural hearing loss. For modified chirp in individuals with normal hearing and cochlear hearing loss. Latency obtained by standard chirp was longer compared to latency obtained by modified chirp, which is seen in both the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Chirp ABR may be opted over stacked tone ABR in neurological investigations due to its lesser variability in amplitude and shorter duration of testing. </p>
THE INFLUENCE OF ADOLESCENT EMOTIONAL STATE IN SOCIAL ADJUSTMENT
Authors: Huriyah Huriyah 
Published: February 2018

The aims of the study are (1) to define the emotional state among the student of Madrasah Aliyah As-Soorkaty, (2) to recognize the social adjustment among the student of Madrasah Aliyah As-Soorkaty, and (3) to describe the level of emotional state influence their social adjustment. To collect the data, the researcher used questionnaire, interview, and documentation. The results showed that (1) the condition of adolescent emotion showed the good predicate 22, 55%, middle predicate 62, 5% and low predicate 15%, (2) the condition of social adjustment shows the good predicate 12,5 %, middle predicate 62, 5% and low predicate 25%, (3) there is positive influence between the condition of adolescent emotion and the social adjustment among the second year students of Madrasah Aliyah As Soorkaty.Keywods: Adolescent Emotional; Social Adjustment
Pilot Testing for Feasibility in a Study of Student Retention and Attrition in Online Undergraduate Programs
Authors: Fraser Joy , Fahlman Dorothy (Willy) , Arscott Jane , Guillot Isabelle 
Published: February 2018

<p class="4">Prior to undertaking a descriptive study on attrition and retention of students in two online undergraduate health administration and human service programs, a pilot test was conducted to assess the procedures for participant recruitment, usability of the survey questionnaire, and data collection processes. A retention model provided the conceptual framework for this investigation to identify and organize various factors that influenced students’ decisions to either discontinue or continue their educational programs. In an attempt to contribute to the body of research in this area and to enrich pedagogical practices, the authors describe the pilot testing processes and feasibility issues explored, and the improvements made to the instrument and methodology before commencing the main research study on attrition and retention.</p>
Synodontis eupterus Larvae Masculinization Using Javanese Long Pepper Extract (Piper retrofractum)
Authors: Wijaya Prassetyo Dwi Dhany , Junior Muhammad Zairin , Soelistyowati Dinar Tri , Widanarni Widanarni 
Published: February 2018

Synodontis eupterus male represents only 5-10 % of farmer total synodontis production, which limits male availability for reproduction purpose. A method widely used in overcoming the low male production was masculinization through synthetic hormones, which was restricted due to its adverse impact on the environment. Natural ingredients from plant were demonstrated in various studies to substitute the 17α-methyltestosteron hormone on masculinization. This research aimed at evaluating the effects of Javanese long pepper extract (JLP) through immersion on synodontis fish larvae. The research was conducted using factorial design with two faktor (4x2) consisted of eight treatments: 17α-methyltestosteron 2 mg L-1 (MT) immersion for 5 and 10 hours, JLP dose 0.125 mg L-1 (P1) immersion for 5 and 10 hours and dose 0.25 mg L-1 (P2) immersion for 5 and 10 hours compared to the control treatment without immersion (P0). A hundred of synodontis larvae of 10 days old after hatching each replication were used in the immersion treatments. The results showed that JLP treatments produced 25-40 % of male synodontis age four months, 1-2 % females and above 60 % intersex. While at age five months, the percentage of intersex fish decreased to 20-40 %, the female fish increased to 60-62 %, and male fish ranged 20-35 % in JLP compared to the control P0 (15 %). The dose of JLP 0.25 mg L-1 increased mortality of about 14-54 %.
DESAFIOS DA PRÁTICA PASTORAL NA CONTEMPORANEIDADE
Authors: Alves Eduardo Leandro , Adam Júlio Cézar 
Published: February 2018

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar fundamentos da ação pastoral, com vistas a compreender que a ação pastoral e a pregação são interdependentes, cuja relevância está intimamente ligada no envolvimento diário com aqueles que estão no “raio de alcance” pastoral. Inicialmente, com o intuito de compreender o ambiente social em questão, utiliza-se o método de etnografia da pesquisa social. Em seguida utiliza-se caminhos propostos pela Teologia Prática identificando princípios bíblicos para a pregação na ação pastoral com vistas a alcançar o objetivo de cuidar do ser humano conforme os ensinos do Evangelho de Jesus. Busca-se alinhar neste texto a teoria com a prática do pesquisador no pastoreio de uma igreja Pentecostal. Assim, as perspectivas aqui registradas não visam a ser exaustivas ou normativas, mas fazem parte de um recorte no exercício pastoral nessa comunidade de fé.The purpose of this article is to analyse the basis of pastoral action in order to understand that both pastoral action and preaching are mutually dependent. The relevance of pastoral action is related to the daily engagement with those who are within the pastoral scope. Firstly, an ethnographic method of social research is used to properly understand the social environment at issue. Secondly, the paths proposed by Practical Theology were followed. They identify biblical principles for preaching in order to reach the goal of caring for the human being according to the teachings of Jesus. An alignment of the theory with the practice of the researcher as shepherding a Pentecostal church is attempted. Thus, the perspectives showed are not intended to be exhaustive or normative but they are taken from an example of the pastoral practice in that faith community.
A Practical Capillary Pressure Correlation Technique (includes associated papers 29241 and 29330 )
Authors: Pletcher Jeffrey L. 
Published: February 2018

E&P Exchange
This article describes correlating laboratory-derived capillary pressure data to different porosity and permeability values.
A problem arises when porosity and permeability of laboratory core samples are not representative of average reservoir properties. Such is the case with the data in Fig. 1a, which shows laboratory- derived (centrifuge) oil/water capillary pressure drainage curves on six core plug samples from a carbonate formation In the Rocky Mountains. None of the core samples has porosity and permeability values close to the reservoir averages of 22.0% and 26.7 md, respectively. Sample C's permeability is close to the average, but its porosity is too high. Sample D's porosity is nearly identical to the average, but its permeability is too high.
The most common method in the literature to correlate capillary pressure data to a different porosity and permeability is the Leverett J function. However, the J function often does not give a good correlation, as was the case here. Amyx et al.'s method seems to have been overlooked as a correlation technique. This method honors both porosity and permeability, unlike some methods that correlate capillary pressure as a function of permeability only. The remainder of this article illustrates how it was used on the subject data set with success. The technique is as follows.