bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical enzyme biosensor based on gold nanoparticles/polyaniline composites for highly specific rapidly detection of chlorpyrifos residues in traditional Chinese medicines
Authors: Sun Bolu , Lv Ying , Ma Quhuan , Shi Hongxia , Dang Qiaoning , Wang Xinlan , Zhou Miao , Da Xuanxiu , Yang Lin , Shi Xiaofeng 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is an insecticide and acaricide that interrupts nerve conduction by reducing the activity of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. It can enter the human body through a variety of channels and produce serious physiological effects. However, excessive use of CPF in herbal production produces excessive pesticide residues and reduces the yield of high-quality herbs. Therefore, the development of effective and convenient CPF residue detection technology is critical for pesticide residue monitoring as well as danger avoidance. Based on this, an electrochemical enzyme biosensor using acetylcholinesterase (AChE) as the recognition element was constructed for highly sensitive and rapid detection of chlorpyrifos in traditional Chinese medicine. The electrode substrate modification material was a polyaniline/gold nanoparticles (PANI/AuNPs) composite material prepared by PANI functional modification of AuNPs with high conductivity and large specific surface area, which has excellent electrical conductivity and biocompatibility. Specifically, the PANI/AuNPs offered an exceptional active site for AChE immobilization, greatly enhancing the electrical signals resulting from AChE-catalyzed iodination of acetylthiocholine and accelerating electron transfer. In contrast, AChE's better identification of the target analyte CPF meant that the sensor was highly selective for organophosphorus pesticide residues. Under optimized conditions, the sensor showed good linearity in the range of 1.00 × 10− 3 ~ 1.00 × 101 ppm with a detection limit of 7.90 × 10− 5 ppm. During practical sample testing, the sensor exhibited remarkable stability, reproducibility, and sensitivity in detecting CPF pesticide residues in Chinese herbal medicines. This offers a reliable tool for precise monitoring and propels the progress of enzyme-based biosensors, both in fostering the cultivation and production of superior-quality herbal medicines, as well as in enabling rapid on-site pesticide residue detection.
The Effect Of Bilateral Rectus Sheath And Oblique Subcostal Transversus Abdominis Plane Blocks On Mechanical Power İn Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Surgery: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Karaarslan Esma , Tire Yasin , Tutar Mahmut Sami , Ekinci Nuran Akıncı , Mermer Hasan Alp , Uyar Sami , Ateş Dilek , Şimşek Gürcan , Kozanhan Betül 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background: In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of bilateral rectus sheath blocks (RSB) and oblique subcostal transversus abdominis plane (OSTAP) blocks on mechanical power (MP) in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia. Additionally, we sought to evaluate the impact of these blocks on postoperative pain and the quality of patient recovery.
Methods: In this prospective, double-blind study, 66 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomized into two groups: Group C (control), which received a standard analgesic intravenous regimen, and Group B (block), which received bilateral RSB and OSTAP blocks. Intraoperative mechanical power measurements were calculated for all patients. Postoperative pain was assessed using visual analog scale (VAS) scores, and recovery quality was measured using the 15-item quality of recovery (QoR-15) questionnaire.
Results: The mechanical power values for patients in Group C were consistently higher at all measured times: baseline, before bridion, and after bridion. While the difference at baseline was not statistically significant, significant differences were observed before and after bridion (p values=0.112, 0.021, and 0.003, respectively).
Patients in Group B exhibited lower VAS scores at all measured times (30 minutes, 2 hours, 8 hours, and 24 hours) with statistically significant differences at each time point (p < 0.05). Additionally, essential variations were noted in the administration of rescue analgesia between the groups (p < 0.001).
Regarding tramadol consumption, Group C patients had higher values [84(74–156) vs. 0(0–75), median (25–75th percentiles)], with this difference being statistically significant (p < 0.001).
For the QoR-15 scores, Group C also recorded higher values [129(124–133) vs. 122 (115–125), median (25–75th percentiles)], and this difference was significant (p<0.001).
Conclusıons: Bilateral RSB and OSTAP blocks significantly reduce mechanical power measurements during surgery. Moreover, they significantly decrease postoperative pain and analgesic consumption and enhance patient recovery scores.
Trial registration:
The study protocol was registered in the international database ClinicalTrials.gov (registration no. NCT06202040). This study was conducted between December 2023 and January 2024 at the Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation of Konya City Hospital.
Factors Associated with Health Seeking Behaviours and Practice of Antibiotics Self-Medication among adults in Abakaliki metropolis, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
Authors: Adeke Azuka S. , Olorukooba Abdulhakeem A. , Charles-Amaza Rahab , Aniemeka Dilichukwu I. , Adeke Stephanie O. , Sufiyan Mu’awiyyah B. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

One of the inappropriate health seeking behaviours (HSBs) people express when they feel ill is self-medication (SM). The consequence of SM with antibiotics is the increase in antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Therefore, this study aimed to assess HSBs and the practice of SM with antibiotics among adults in Abakaliki, Nigeria. The study was undertaken using cross-sectional study design. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select a sample of 448 study respondents. Data were collected with a questionnaire and analysed using SPSS version 26. Frequency tables were used to present the descriptive statistics. Bivariate and multivariate analyses of HSB and practice of SM with antibiotics against socio-demographic characteristics were done and statistically significant findings were considered with the alpha level of significance set at 5%. Only 161 (35.9%) of the respondents had appropriate HSB (consulting a doctor) as their first action when experiencing a health problem. Factors reported by majority of respondents to influence HSBs were perceived severity of illness 321 (71.7%), knowledge/past experience of illness 306 (68.3%), cost of treatment 304 (67.9%), and financial status 267 (59.6%). The predictors of HSB were being single (AOR = 0.349, 95%CI = 0.172–0.709, p = 0.004), privately/self-employed (AOR = 0.337, 95%CI = 0.158–0.720, p = 0.005), unemployed (AOR = 0.219, 95%CI = 0.074–0.645, p = 0.006), living with family members (AOR = 0.549, 95%CI = 0.307–0.981, p = 0.043), and earning at least 100,000 naira (AOR = 3.619, 95%CI = 1.271–10.303, p = 0.016). Many respondents 431 (96.2%) had ever practiced antibiotics SM. Over half 252 (58.5%) had practiced antibiotics SM in the previous three months before the study. Factors reported by majority to influence antibiotics SM were mild illness 293 (68.0%), insufficient funds to visit a health facility 244 (56.6%), affordable cost of care in pharmacy/drug shops 325 (75.4%), and knowledge/past experience of illness 326 (75.6%). Others were easy access to antibiotics from pharmacy/drug shops 357 (82.8%), successful treatment from previous use of prescribed antibiotics 366 (84.9%), and long waiting time in health facilities 266 (61.7%). The predictors of antibiotics SM were being single (AOR = 0.578, 95%CI = 0.351–0.953, p = 0.032), and earning 30,000–49,999 naira (AOR = 0.463, 95%CI = 0.268–0.802, p = 0.006). Most of the respondents had inappropriate HSBs and almost all had practiced antibiotics SM previously. There is need for mass sensitisations and enforcement of antibiotic dispensing laws in Nigeria. Also, scaling up health insurance in communities may address some identified factors influencing HSBs and SM, such as insufficient funds to visit a health facility.
Comparison between low molecular weight heparin and apixaban (direct oral anticoagulant) in the prophylaxis against venous thromboembolism after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy
Authors: Abdelsalam Ahmed , Fikry Micheal , Fahmy Ahmed , Hegazy Tarek , Hamdy Afaf , Refaat Ahmed , Elansary Ahmed 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Like any major operation, sleeve gastrectomy (SG) has its reported postoperative complications. Among them are venous thromboembolic complications (VTE) that may predispose to mortality. Despite the proven efficacy of the traditional anticoagulants, such as low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) for VTE management, they have their limitations. Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have been currently adopted for the management of VTE. We conducted this study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of apixaban against VTE after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in comparison with LMWH.
Methods
This was a randomized controlled trial that included 100 adult patients who underwent SG and received LMWH (Group A) or apixaban (Group B) for VTE prophylaxis. We recorded and analyzed the postoperative events up to the 30th day after surgery.
Results
This study included Group A (n = 50) and Group B (n = 50). No VTE occurred in either group (0%). Postoperative bleeding was encountered in one patient of each group (2%). The follow-up venous Doppler study was unremarkable in the two groups.
Conclusion
Apixaban was shown to be as effective and as safe as LMWH in preventing VTE after LSG. Taking into account the specific advantages of DOACs, apixaban presents a promising alternative to LMWH for the prevention of VTE in patients undergoing bariatric surgery.
Does thoracoscopic repair for esophageal atresia require emergency treatment?
Authors: Wang Chen , Cao Guoqing , Li Kang , Zhang Mengxin , Zhang Xi , Chi Shui-qing , Guo Yu , Li Shuai , Tang Shao-tao 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Thoracoscopic repair of esophageal atresia (EA) with tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) has been performed with increasing frequency. Although many children have had surgery within three days after birth, the optimal timing for operation remained undetermined. This study aimed to investigate the appropriate timing for EA repair and the mid-term clinical outcomes.
Method
We retrospectively analyzed 142 patients with type III EA/TEF treated between April 2009 and April 2023, a total of 109 patients received thoracoscopic one-stage repair surgery were included. The patients were divided into early age group (group A) and delayed age group (group B) according to the median surgical age of the included patients. Patients in the two groups were matched using propensity score matching (PSM) to eliminate the imbalance between groups caused by confounding factors such as severe complications, gestational age, and birth weight.
Result
The median age at which the patients with type III EA/TEF underwent surgery was 5 days (range: 1.00–16.00 days), and the patients were divided into two groups: < 5 days group and ≥ 5 days group. After matching, 43 patients (out of 59) in early age group (group A) and 43 patients (out of 50) in delayed age group (group B) were included in a validation cohort. All cases (n = 86) successfully completed thoracoscopic one-stage repair surgery. Delayed surgery did not increase the incidence of pre-operative and postoperative respiratory tract infections. Intraoperative complications in the two groups were comparable. Patients in group B exhibited a downward trend in the incidence of anastomotic leakage (6.98 vs. 13.95%, P = 0.481) and anastomotic stenosis (11.63 vs. 20.93%, P = 0.243) during follow-up.
Conclusions
With improvements in neonatal surveillance, appropriately delayed surgery does not increase the incidence of respiratory infections, allowing surgeons the opportunity to optimize treatment plans.
Predicting the Number of Surgical Aortic Valve Replacements in a Tertiary Hospital Over the Next 20 Years Using Portuguese Census Data
Authors: Pereira Rafael Maniés , Guerra Nuno , Gonçalves João , Ferreira Ricardo , Nobre Ângelo , Brito Dulce , Rodrigues Teresa Ferreira , Velho Tiago Rodrigues 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives The incidence of aortic stenosis (AS) is predicted to rise with the aging population, emerging as a growing public health challenge in developed countries, leading to increased demand for intervention. Our aim is to predict the evolution of proposed cases for SAVR in the geographic referral area of our tertiary hospital up to 2041.Study Design and Methods We used data from the Portuguese Census for 2001, 2011, and 2021 to analyze the resident population within the Cardiothoracic Surgery Department's referral area. Applying population projection methods (rate of geometric growth), we projected demographic trends over 20 years, from 2021 to 2041. Our analysis focused on AS cases who underwent SAVR in our Department between 2001–2011 and 2011–2021.Results Between 2001 and 2021, there was an increase in the overall population, particularly among the elderly (1.4% growth rate in the population ≥ 65yo). The aging index increased, from 128.4(110.5-180.6) in 2001 to 189.1 (155.9-222.5) in 2021 (P-value < 0.001). Similarly, the longevity index significantly increased between 2001 [42.6 (40.8–44.80)] and 2021 [49.30 (47.7–51.8)] (P-value < 0.001). The number of SAVRs performed increased, with a mean increase of 8.11 surgeries/year (R2 = 0.6457, P < 0.001). By 2041, our referral center will increase SAVR by at least 51 surgeries/year in a decreasing growth rate scenario, and 67 surgeries/year in a growth rate stagnation scenario.Conclusion The ongoing trend of population aging will increase the demand for healthcare resources, particularly within the cardiovascular domain. Accurately assessing the volume of SAVR is imperative for reformulating strategies to address the increasing demand effectively.
STOP-CINV STUDY: Safety and Effectiveness of I.V. Akynzeo® (Fosnetupitant 235 mg and Palonosetron 0.25 mg) in the Prevention of Chemotherapy- Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Indian Patients
Authors: Shukla Pragya , Valame Shaunak , Nanda Siddhartha , Shakya Naval Kishore , Verma Arun Kumar , Hanji Abhinandan , Pednekar Amullya C , Bhagat Sagar B , Patil Saiprasad V , Petare Anup U , Bhushan Sumit , Barkate Hanmant B 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Purpose
IV Akynzeo® (Intravenous fosNEtupitant + PAlonosetron) is the first fixed intravenous combination designed to target key pathways of emesis, allowing for convenient single-dose administration. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of IV Akynzeo® in a real-world context in India.
Methods
This open-label, single-arm, multicentre, prospective phase IV trial assessed single dose I.V. Akynzeo® for prevention of CINV in patients receiving highly emetogenic/ moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC/MEC). I.V. Akynzeo® (Fosnetupitant 235 mg and Palonosetron 0.25 mg) was administered over 30 minutes before the start of chemotherapy. The primary endpoints were number of patients with drug related and serious treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) which were assessed for a period of 10 days (± 2 days). The key secondary endpoints were complete response, protection and control in acute (up to 24 hours), delayed (24–120 hours), extended phase (120–240 hours) phase.
Results
In all, 178 patients were enrolled (median: 48.5 years; 64% males) 176 patients completed the study. I.V. Akynzeo® was well-tolerated with 17 (9.55%) patients reporting 23 AEs, 22 (95.65%) were mild and one (4.35%) was fatal. The injection site reaction with I.V. Akynzeo® was low (1.68%). The complete responsee rates with I.V. Akynzeo® 84.27% (95% CI, 78.01, 89.29) for the acute phase, 93.26% (95% CI, 88.52, 96.47) for the delayed phase and 83.15% (95% CI, 76.82, 88.33) for the overall phase.
Conclusion
I.V. Akynzeo® was well tolerated and it exhibited substantial efficacy in mitigating CINV in patients undergoing HEC/MEC across acute, delayed and extended delayed phases.
Capabilities of a 3D Visualization Simulation for Teaching Interns in Clinical Education for Joint Replacement Surgeries
Authors: Yu Qiuping , Guo Jiaojiao , Wang Jing , Zeng Weinan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Aims
This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of using 3D visualization simulation technology in teaching interns about joint replacement surgeries.
Methods
Seventy-six clinical medicine students who interned in the orthopedic department of our hospital from September 2023 to January 2024 were selected as the research subjects. They were randomly divided into two groups using a random number table method: 38 students formed the control group (utilizing traditional teaching methods), while the other 38 students made up the experimental group (employing a diversified teaching model combined with 3D visualization technology). The clinical teaching effectiveness of these two groups was compared, focusing on aspects such as classroom participation, interactivity, learning motivation, understanding of surgical procedures, satisfaction with teaching, confidence in independently developing surgical plans, theoretical examination scores, and practical on-site evaluation scores.
Results
The results indicated no statistically significant differences in demographics between the two groups of interns. However, significant difference was showed in classroom participation (7.58 ± 1.15 vs. 8.47 ± 0.86), interactivity (6.92 ± 1.26 vs. 7.61 ± 1.17), learning motivation (7.03 ± 1.37 vs. 7.57 ± 1.00), understanding of surgical procedures (6.03 ± 1.26 vs. 7.63 ± 1.10), satisfaction with teaching (7.42 ± 1.20 vs. 8.13 ± 1.02), confidence in independently developing surgical plans (5.68 ± 1.42 vs. 7.26 ± 1.16), theoretical examination (39.13 ± 4.26 vs. 41.39 ± 4.35) and practical on-site evaluation (32.68 ± 3.85 vs. 38.18 ± 4.93). The teaching evaluation of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group.
Conclusion
Integrating a diversified teaching model with 3D visualization technology in orthopedic education can improve teaching outcomes and student satisfaction.
The essential function of Low Impact Development facilities in mitigating urban flood disasters: Approach for multi-source data fusion simulation
Authors: Zhou Fang , Wang Jiangtao , Lu Zhisen , Xu Qingwei 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The urbanization process has exacerbated the severity of flood disasters, while Low Impact Development (LID) can play a pivotal role in mitigating such floods. This research aims to simulate urban flooding and evaluate the mitigating effects of LID facilities. By integrating multi-source data, we adopt the Soil Conservation Service (SCS) model to simulate the distribution of flood under various scenarios. To delve deeper into the mitigating effects of LID facilities, we incorporate their absorption and treatment capabilities into the SCS model, resulting in the development of the SCS-L model. Suitability analysis dictates the category of LID facilities to be constructed, and their effects on flood are quantitatively assessed. Findings emphasize that enhancing the effectiveness of LID facilities significantly contributes to preventing shallow inundation. While it also exhibits positive effects on deep inundation, there are inherent constraints. Expanding the deployment area of LID facilities can effectively diminish the inundation area, but the effects increase nonlinearly. Strategically designed layouts for LID facilities can optimize their mitigating impacts on both inundation area and depth. This research underscores the essential role of LID facilities in mitigating urban flood disasters. The conclusion of this paper provides support for the construction of resilient cities.
Palmitoylated importin-β1 transports miRNAs into exosomes via nSMase-dependent pathway
Authors: Zen Ke , Xu Zheng , Wei Yao , Chen Dian-Hua , Qu Shuang , Liu Jiachen , Liang Hongwei , Zhang Chen-Yu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Extracellular miRNAs serve as an innovative category of signaling molecules facilitating intercellular communication. Although the participation of AGO2 and other RNA-binding proteins in miRNA exosomal secretion has been recently reported, the mechanism guiding miRNA exosomal sorting remains elusive. Here we unveil the pivotal role of nuclear transport protein IPO-b1 in controlling miRNA exosomal secretion. This regulation occurs through the binding of IPO-b1 to GW182 within GW-bodies, leading to transport of the GW182-bound AGO2/miRNAs complex into exosomes. Notably, we identify a distinctive feature of exosomal IPO-b1, which undergoes palmitoylation at cysteine residue 392 catalyzed by the palmitoyl transferase ZDHHC20 resident in multivesicular bodies (MVBs). Such palmitoylation of IPO-b1 enables it to anchor the AGO2/miRNAs-GW182 complex to the MVB membranes where the complex subsequently internalizes into exosomes through an nSMase-dependent pathway. Our investigation uncovers an unconventional role of IPO-b1 in facilitating the transportation of the AGO2/miRNAs complex into exosomes.
Quantitative Measurement of Iris Melanin Content by Polarization-Sensitive Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomograph
Authors: Li Xiaoling , Hu Lingxi , Yang Bing , Xiao Zunjie , Yamanari Masahiro , Higashita Risa , Liu Jiang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate iris melanin content utilizing polarization-sensitive anterior segment optical coherence tomography (PS-AS-OCT) and explore its correlation with iris color in brown-eye individuals.
Methods: Iris cross-sections were imaged using PS-AS-OCT and the iris substructural layers were automatically segmented by the deep learning network. The iris melanin content of each iris layers was evaluated by melanin concentration rate (MCR) from PS-AS-OCT images. The iris color measurements were extracted in the CIE L*a*b* (CIELAB) color space from the iris surface photographs. Statistical analysis was performed to investigate the relationships between iris MCR parameters and iris L*a*b* values. Additionally,traditional three-category grading was also used for comparisons of parameters among three iris color categories and to examine the accuracy of iris color clustering using iris MCR parameters by the KNN model.
Results: The analysis included 88 participants with a mean age of 39 years (range 18–64 years). We observed a significant negative correlation between melanin concentration rate (MCR) of the whole iris and particularly the iris stroma layers with iris color in L*a*b* values. A higher MCR of the iris stroma was correlated with darker colors, exhibiting lower L* (r=-0.72, P<0.001), a* (r=-0.56, P<0.001), and b* (r=-0.68, P<0.001) values. The MCR of the iris stroma also shows significant differences among the three grades (P<0.001). For the classification of the iris color grading by iris stroma MCR, the accuracy for the KNN model reached 85%.
Conclusions: The MCR of the iris stroma, as measured by PS-AS-OCT, demonstrated a strong correlation with iris color. This suggests the feasibility of assessing iris melanin content using PS-AS-OCT, which may offer an additional avenue for investigating iris pigment.