bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of the Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scales for the Skills Demonstration and Progression Guide
Authors: Klieger David M. , Kell Harrison J. , Rikoon Samuel , Burkander Kri N. , Bochenek Jennifer L. , Shore Jane R. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn this research, we developed behaviorally anchored rating scales (BARS) to evaluate the job performance of Zone Three jobs requiring middle‐level skills and prior education ranging from vocational training to an associate's degree as well as work‐related skills or experience. We ultimately identified 7 relevant job performance dimensions mainly based on prior research literature. The dimensions are thought to reflect socioemotional constructs (soft skills, “21st‐century skills”) considered vital to success today in Zone Three jobs. Managers of Zone Three employees helped us develop the final behavioral statements to anchor the 6 BARS points by generating approximately 430 critical incidents on which we based the initial behavioral statements that we wrote. Another group of managers confirmed the relevancy of the statements to the Zone Three workers they supervised, retranslated statements back into dimensions to confirm the dimensions to which they belong, and provided ratings of the effectiveness level that each statement represented. We modified statements to fill any gaps in effectiveness level coverage. Then, we asked leading experts in assessment to confirm the adequacy of the final statements, and after they did so, we created the final anchored scales. Both past literature and our own analyses indicate that these BARS generalize across economic sectors and thus potentially can provide substantial value to organizations that wish to assess, in an efficient and cost‐effective manner, the performance of middle‐skills employees with many different types of possible job descriptions.
A user‐centric cooperative edge caching scheme for minimizing delay in 5G content delivery networks
Authors: Tang Shiyu , Alnoman Ali , Anpalagan Alagan , Woungang Isaac 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis paper investigates the problem of user‐centric cooperative edge caching in content delivery networks to leverage service provisioning at the network edge and to improve the quality of experience by minimizing the end‐to‐end delay. By taking advantage of the major characteristics in fifth‐generation networks, users can access contents not only from the nearest small base station (SBS) but also from other SBSs in the vicinity that have the requested precached contents. In the proposed scheme, a user‐centric delivery approach is considered in such a way that the base station can respond to the user request as long as it has enough resources. To this end, a caching algorithm is introduced whereby a group of SBSs cooperatively share storage and decide on the caching policy together aiming to cache as much contents as possible under the capacity constraint. Moreover, a modified matching theory is used for content delivery taking the bandwidth requirements into account. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can achieve 99.5% local serve ratio when the SBS has a caching capacity of 40% the overall file size, and 20 available communication channels for content distribution.
Effective cross‐sectional method for timber frame assemblies—definition of coefficients and zero‐strength layers
Authors: Tiso Mattia , Just Alar , Schmid Joachim , Klippel Michael 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThe load‐bearing capacity of timber members in fire conditions can be evaluated by an analytical design model known as effective cross‐sectional method (ECSM). For this method, an effective cross section of a member in fire is calculated by decreasing the original cross section by a notional charring depth and a so‐called zero‐strength layer. Then, the load‐bearing capacity can be evaluated by applying the mechanical properties as at ambient temperature to this effective cross section. The ECSM for timber frame assemblies (TFA) exposed to standard fire conditions according to European Norm 1363‐1 has been presented earlier in the European technical guidelineFire Safety in Timber Buildings(FSITB) with a limited field of application. This design model considers the fire protection provided by claddings and a limited range of cavity insulations. To cover the fire protection of a wider range of cavity insulation products, a new design approach has been developed. In this study, the zero‐strength layers for TFA with different cavity insulations are determined by means of a series of thermal and mechanical simulations. This paper proposes the protection coefficient for TFA with generic stone wool products as cavity insulation and zero‐strength layers for TFA with different cavity insulations.
Static and dynamic connectomics differentiate between depressed patients with and without suicidal ideation
Authors: Liao Wei , Li Jiao , Duan Xujun , Cui Qian , Chen Heng , Chen Huafu 
Published: July 2018

AbstractNeural circuit dysfunction underlies the biological mechanisms of suicidal ideation (SI). However, little is known about how the brain's “dynome” differentiate between depressed patients with and without SI. This study included depressed patients (n = 48) with SI, without SI (NSI), and healthy controls (HC, n = 30). All participants underwent resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging. We constructed dynamic and static connectomics on 200 nodes using a sliding window and full‐length time–series correlations, respectively. Specifically, the temporal variability of dynamic connectomic was quantified using the variance of topological properties across sliding window. The overall topological properties of both static and dynamic connectomics further differentiated between SI and NSI, and also predicted the severity of SI. The SI showed decreased overall topological properties of static connectomic relative to the HC. The SI exhibited increases in overall topological properties with regard to the dynamic connectomic when compared with the HC and the NSI. Importantly, combining the overall topological properties of dynamic and static connectomics yielded mean 75% accuracy (all p < .001) with mean 71% sensitivity and mean 75% specificity in differentiating between SI and NSI. Moreover, these features may predict the severity of SI (mean r = .55, all p < .05). The findings revealed that combining static and dynamic connectomics could differentiate between SI and NSI, offering new insight into the physiopathological mechanisms underlying SI. Furthermore, combining the brain's connectome and dynome may be considered a neuromarker for diagnostic and predictive models in the study of SI.
Default‐mode network dynamics are restricted during high speed discrimination in healthy aging: Associations with neurocognitive status and simulated driving behavior
Authors: Eudave Luis , Martínez Martín , Luis Elkin O. , Pastor María A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractNumerous daily tasks, including car driving, require fine visuospatial tuning. One such visuospatial ability, speed discrimination, declines with aging but its neural underpinnings remain unknown. In this study, we use fMRI to explore the effect of aging during a high speed discrimination task and its neural underpinnings, along with a complete neuropsychological assessment and a simulated driving evaluation in order to examine how they interact with each other through a multivariate regression approach. Beyond confirming that high speed discrimination performance is diminished in the elderly, we found that this deficit might be partly due to a lack of modulation in the activity and connectivity of the default mode network (DMN) in this age group, as well as an over‐recruitment of frontoparietal and cerebellar regions, possibly as a compensatory mechanism. In addition, younger adults tended to drive at faster speeds, a behavior that was associated to adequate DMN dynamics and executive functioning, an effect that seems to be lost in the elderly. In summary, these results reveal how age‐related declines in fine visuospatial abilities, such as high speed discrimination, were distinctly mediated by DMN functioning, a mechanism also associated to speeding behavior in a driving simulator.
Theoretical study of the possible mechanisms for the synthesis of dialkyl thiourea from dithiocarbamate
Authors: Ranjbari Mohammad A. , Tavakol Hossein 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn this study, the different mechanistic ways for the conversion of dithiocarbamate to dialkyl thiourea have been investigated using the high‐accurate DFT calculations. The energy details of all mechanisms were investigated in the gas phase, simple and solvent‐assisted solvation models. Two general mechanisms and several different pathways have been considered to evaluate these mechanisms. The first mechanism (A) involved with the preparation of alkyl isothiocyanate, addition of alkyl amine to it and the final proton transfer. The second mechanism (B) is consisted of the addition of alkyl amine, proton transfer, and elimination of thiol. In the gas phase and solvent‐assisted models, the mechanism A is preferred; while in PCM model, the mechanism B is preferred. In both mechanisms, both solvation models have enhancing effects on the thermodynamics of the reactions and stabilize the product versus the reactant (comparing with the gas phase). In mechanism A, the amine should have at least 1 proton and the dithiocarbamate should also have 1 proton in its structure. Both proton transfer steps of these mechanisms have been facilitated by the proton transfer of amine molecule and both solvation models (PCM and explicit presence of water) increased the barriers and reduced the rate of this mechanism. However, in mechanism B, the PCM solvation model reduces the barriers and accelerates the reaction but the solvent‐assisted model increases the barriers and reduces the reaction's rate. The water molecule could not assist efficiently by making the proton bridge in these cases.
Transience of seawater intrusion and retreat in response to incremental water‐level variations
Authors: Abdoulhalik Antoifi , Ahmed Ashraf A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis paper provides for the first time an experimental study where the impact of sea‐level fluctuations and inland boundary head‐level variations on freshwater–saltwater interface toe motion and transition zone dynamics was quantitatively analysed under transient conditions. The experiments were conducted in a laboratory flow tank where various (inland and coastal) head changes were imposed to the system and the response of the key seawater intrusion parameters was analysed with high spatial and temporal resolution. Two homogeneous aquifer systems of different grain size were tested. The numerical code SEAWAT was used for the validation. The results show that in cases of sea‐level variations, the intruding wedge required up to twice longer time to reach a new steady‐state condition than the receding wedge, which thereby extend the theory of timescale asymmetry between saltwater intrusion and retreat processes in scenarios involving sea‐level fluctuations. The intruding and receding rates of the saltwater wedge were respectively similar in the scenario involving sea‐level and the freshwater‐level changes, despite change in transmissivity. The results show that, during the intrusion phase, the transition zone remains relatively insensitive, regardless of where the boundary head change occurs (i.e., freshwater drop or sea‐level rise) or its magnitude. By contrast, a substantial widening of the transition zone was observed during the receding phase, with almost similar amplitude in the scenario involving a rise of the freshwater level compared with that caused by a drop of the saltwater level, provided that an equivalent absolute head change magnitude was used. This transition zone widening (occurring during saltwater retreat) was greater and extended over longer period in the low hydraulic conductivity aquifer, for both freshwater‐level rise and sea‐level drop scenarios. The concentration maps revealed that the widening mechanism was also enhanced by the presence of some freshwater sliding and into the wedge during saltwater retreat, which was thereafter sucked upward towards the interface because of density difference effects.
Pilot evaluation of a web‐based acceptance and commitment therapy program to promote mental health skills in university students
Authors: Viskovich Shelley , Pakenham Kenneth I. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractObjectiveThis study evaluated a 4‐week web‐based acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) mental health promotion program called YOLO (You Only Live Once) for university students.MethodA total of 130 participants were randomized to one of three intervention groups investigating varied program delivery methods. Primary outcomes assessed: depression, anxiety, stress, well‐being, self‐compassion, alcohol use, and life satisfaction. ACT processes assessed: acceptance, cognitive fusion, education values, valued living, and mindfulness.ResultsImprovement on the primary outcomes and ACT processes did not differ among the three intervention groups. Analyses showed significant improvements on all primary outcomes (except alcohol use), and on all ACT processes. All ACT processes mediated changes on one or more primary outcomes in the intent‐to‐treat sample. Intervention effects were consistent on most primary outcomes and ACT processes across three sample groupings.ConclusionsThese preliminary findings provide support for a web‐based ACT mental health promotion program for university students.
Agricultural land use creates evolutionary traps for nesting turtles and is exacerbated by mercury pollution
Authors: Thompson Molly , Coe Brittney H. , Andrews Robin M. , Cristol Daniel A. , Crossley Dane A. , Hopkins William A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe rate of anthropogenic habitat conversion often exceeds the rate of natural ecological and evolutionary processes, which sometimes creates mismatches between environmental cues and adaptive behaviors. In numerous species of aquatic turtles, nest site selection is primarily based on cues related to high solar exposure, which leads females to select sites where humans have disturbed habitat. These disturbed sites are often contaminated by pollutants, such as mercury. Despite the fact that anthropogenic disturbances often co‐occur, few studies have examined the interactive influence of major global changes on animal development. Using Chelydra serpentina, we investigated the individual and interactive effects of crop agriculture and mercury pollution on hatch success and offspring phenotype. We hypothesized that following nesting, rapid crop growth would shade and cool nests in agricultural fields and subsequently negatively impact embryonic development. Agricultural and control nests were similar in temperature at the time of oviposition, but temperatures diverged as crops grew: agricultural nests averaged 2.5°C cooler than control nests over the course of incubation. In laboratory and field experiments, we found that turtles incubated under agricultural thermal regimens took longer to hatch, hatched at smaller body sizes, lost more mass, and had lower posthatching growth rates. Additionally, thermal conditions associated with agricultural land use interacted with mercury contamination to decrease hatching success. To our knowledge, this is the first documentation of negative interactive effects of mercury pollution and habitat quality on early vertebrate development and highlights the importance of examining the combined influence of anthropogenic global changes on organisms.
Publication rate of abstracts presented at the American College of Physicians Japan Chapter Annual Meetings (2013‐2014): A retrospective observational study
Authors: Komagamine Junpei 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundFew studies have evaluated the publication rate of abstracts presented at Japanese medical specialty meetings.MethodsA retrospective observational study was conducted to determine the publication rate of abstracts presented at the American College of Physicians Japan Chapter Annual Meetings (2013‐2014). Publication rates were determined by searching the MEDLINE database for full‐text articles.ResultsOf the 116 abstracts evaluated, 14 (12.1% [95% CI 6.1%‐18.1%]) were subsequently published in peer‐reviewed journals indexed in the MEDLINE database.ConclusionFurther studies to investigate the barriers to publication among Japanese investigators and additional efforts to improve this low publication rate are needed.
Beyond competencies – describing work ready plus graduates for the New Zealand medical imaging workforce
Authors: Sheehan Dale , de Bueger Tracy M. , Thorogood Joanna , Sitters Sharon , Deo Arun 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIntroductionMedical imaging is a profession where technology and practice is moving forward at a fast pace, while also being situated within rapidly evolving models of healthcare delivery. This requires capabilities in our graduates beyond the competencies to undertake the role. This study used an existing Professional Capability Framework as the foundation for the development of a survey tool to identify those capabilities most valued by the health services that provide placement opportunities for students.MethodsA prospective survey, conducted online, was used to gather the data from senior medical imaging staff who work regularly with students and new graduates.ResultsThe results identified the top capabilities within each of three domains of personal, interpersonal, and cognitive capabilities. The results from the personal domain show that remaining calm under pressure or when things take an unexpected turn; understanding personal strengths and limitations; being willing to face and learn from errors; wanting to do as good a job as possible and having energy, passion and enthusiasm for the profession and role are most valued by the profession. We have identified links between the most desired interpersonal capabilities and attributes of well‐functioning interprofessional teams and the cognitive capabilities align to those required for critical thinking and clinical reasoning.ConclusionsThese results have allowed the curriculum development team to review the graduate profile of medical imaging technology graduates. The curriculum development team has begun a process to incorporate learning strategies that will encourage the development of these capabilities in our graduates.
Precise control of distance between plasmonic surface‐enhanced Raman scattering substrate and analyte molecules with polyelectrolyte layers
Authors: Prikhozhdenko Ekaterina S. , Bratashov Daniil N. , Atkin Vsevolod S. , Kamyshinsky Roman A. , Vasiliev Alexander L. , Khlebtsov Boris N. , Gorin Dmitry A. , Möhwald Helmuth , Yashchenok Alexey M. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe dependence of the surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) activity of small and large molecules on the number of polyelectrolyte monolayers covering the surface of gold nanocages (AuNCs) is investigated. The linkage of AuNCs to silica microparticles and the covering of its surface with additional polyelectrolyte layers are performed via layer‐by‐layer self‐assembly. Either three‐dimensional core–shell composite structures or hollow polyelectrolyte microspheres, obtained after the decomposition of solid templates, can be fabricated with coating thickness controlled with nanometer precision. Besides an obvious decrease of the signal intensity with increasing distance between plasmonic nanoparticle surface and Raman active molecules, there is a different signal dependence on the last layer charge for samples in water and air. The dependence of SERS signals on the number of layers also shows the difference for layers with and without thermal annealing, thus providing insight into changes in the structure of polyelectrolyte matrix. The obtained signal dependence is used to investigate the transport of low molecular weight analytes through polyelectrolyte layers and molecule interactions with polyelectrolyte chains, thus providing information about the internal layer structure that can not be obtained by direct measurements.
Effects of hot air treatment in combination with Pichia guilliermondii on postharvest preservation of peach fruit
Authors: Zhao Yan , Li Yanfei , Yin Jingjing 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDAntagonistic yeast and hot air treatment are two promising methods for conferring resistance to pathogenic fungi. The study assessed the effectiveness of hot‐air treatment (45 °C, 4 h) and antagonistic yeast (Pichia guilliermondii at 108 CFU mL−1) alone or in combination on the two major postharvest diseases (Rhizopus stolonifer and Penicillium expansum), as well as the quality and antioxidant parameters in harvested peaches.RESULTSThe combination of hot‐air treatment and Pichia guilliermondii had notable inhibitory effects on infections in peach fruit wounds. In addition, the individual hot‐air treatment or Pichia guilliermondii could improve quality indexes to varying degrees, but the combination of the above two treatments could achieve the highest efficacy. Furthermore, compared with other groups, the combined treatment induced the highest activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase, improved the content of total phenolics and reduced glutathione most obviously. Lastly, the most significant reductions in malondialdehyde content and relative electrical conductivity were observed in the combination‐treated fruit.CONCLUSIONSThe combined treatment could control fungal diseases, besides delay the decline of quality and antioxidant parameters, so as to achieve the purpose of fresh keeping for harvested peach fruit. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Lipid oxidation stability of ultra‐high‐temperature short‐time sterilization sporoderm‐broken pine pollen (UHT‐PP) and 60Co‐irradiation sterilization sporoderm‐broken pine pollen (60Co‐PP)
Authors: Shan Yue , Yu Jiahao , Liu Qi Song , Shi Lihua , Liu Yuanfa , Li Jinwei 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDPine pollen, a kind of Chinese traditional medicine, is rich in unsaturated fatty acids. During its processing, it is often needed to break the sporoderm in order to increase the availability of some ingredients, which can cause lipid oxidation and the development of rancidity during storage.RESULTSThe primal peroxide value (PV) of ultra‐high‐temperature short‐time sterilization sporoderm‐broken pine pollen (UHT‐PP) was much higher (over 15 times) than raw pine pollen (R‐PP) and 60Co‐irradiation sterilization sporoderm‐broken pine pollen (60Co‐PP). The PV of UHT‐PP first increased and then decreased shortly after; however, PV of R‐PP and 60Co‐PP remained almost unchanged during storage. The volatiles associated with rancidity in UHT‐PP were found to be significantly higher than 60Co‐PP, especially hexanal (nearly 30 times) and hexanoic acid (about 2 times), and a multi‐organoleptic sensor analyzer (electronic nose system) was able to differentiate these three kinds of samples when the output was subjected to discriminant function analysis. During storage (30 days), hexanal first increased and then decreased (at about 5 days), and hexanoic acid continuously increased for UHT‐PP; however, no significant change was noted for R‐PP or 60Co‐PP. UHT‐PP has a greater surface area than 60Co‐PP, although same sporoderm‐broken processes were applied. Antioxidants (flavone, carotenoid and tocopherols, sterol compounds) in 60Co‐PP were significantly (P ≤ 0.05, by Duncan's multiple range test) higher than that in UHT‐PP, although not significantly different for total phenolics.CONCLUSIONSRancidity occurs more readily in UHT‐PP than in R‐PP and 60Co‐PP during storage, probably because significant lipid oxidation and antioxidant degradation occurred during the UHT sterilization sporoderm‐broken processing of pine pollen. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry