bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Totally geodesic submanifolds in the manifold SPD of symmetric positive-definite real matrices
Authors: Tumpach Alice Barbara , Larotonda Gabriel 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper is a self-contained exposition of the geometry of symmetric positive-definite real $$n\times n$$

n
×
n

matrices $${\text {SPD}}(n)$$

SPD
(
n
)

, including necessary and sufficent conditions for a submanifold $$\mathcal {N} \subset {\text {SPD}}(n)$$

N
⊂
SPD
(
n
)

to be totally geodesic for the affine-invariant Riemannian metric. A non-linear projection $$x\mapsto \pi (x)$$

x
↦
π
(
x
)

on a totally geodesic submanifold is defined. This projection has the minimizing property with respect to the Riemannian metric: it maps an arbitrary point $$x \in {\text {SPD}}(n)$$

x
∈
SPD
(
n
)

to the unique closest element $$\pi (x)$$

π
(
x
)

in the totally geodesic submanifold for the distance defined by the affine-invariant Riemannian metric. Decompositions of the space $${\text {SPD}}(n)$$

SPD
(
n
)

follow, as well as variants of the polar decomposition of non-singular matrices known as Mostow’s decompositions. Applications to decompositions of covariant matrices are mentioned.
On maximal hyperplane sections of the unit ball of $$l_p^n$$ for $$p>2$$
Authors: König Hermann 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The maximal hyperplane section of the

$$l_\infty ^n$$

l
∞
n

-ball, i.e. of the n-cube, is the one perpendicular to

$$\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} (1,1,0 ,\ldots ,0)$$

1

2

(
1
,
1
,
0
,
…
,
0
)

, as shown by Ball. Eskenazis, Nayar and Tkocz extended this result to the

$$l_p^n$$

l
p
n

-balls for very large

$$p \ge 10^{15}$$

p
≥

10
15

. By Oleszkiewicz, Ball’s result does not transfer to

$$l_p^n$$

l
p
n

for

$$2< p < p_0 \simeq 26.265$$

2
<
p
<

p
0

≃
26.265

. Then the hyperplane section perpendicular to the main diagonal yields a counterexample for large dimensions n. Suppose that

$$p_0 \le p < \infty $$

p
0

≤
p
<
∞

. We show that the analogue of Ball’s result holds in

$$l_p^n$$

l
p
n

-balls for all hyperplanes with normal unit vectors a, if all coordinates of a have modulus

$$\le \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$$

≤

1

2

and p has distance

$$\ge 2^{-p}$$

≥

2

-
p

to the even integers. Under similar assumptions, we give a Gaussian upper bound for

$$20< p < p_0$$

20
<
p
<

p
0

.
Gas channels and chimneys detection using post-stack seismic attributes, simian field, offshore west Nile Delta, Egypt
Authors: El-Naby Ahmed A. Abd , Khalil Amin Esmail , Talaat Amr , Ismail Amir 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe West Delta Deep Marine region has substantial prospects for extracting oil and gas. The area is also known for its distributed and disconnected channel systems and gas chimneys. The Simian field is particularly intriguing within this region. Gas chimneys and pockmarks are frequently observed on the seafloor. Pockmarks are formed when gas or fluid is released, causing depressions. These characteristics have the potential to influence the stability of the seabed and present hazards to oil rigs in proximity. To reduce the risks associated with these hazards, it is essential to have a thorough comprehension of the geological characteristics involved. The primary objective of our study is to identify and delineate gas channels and chimneys and the associated geologic features through the analysis of seismic attributes and the construction of three-dimensional models. By applying multiple seismic attribute classes such as the cosine of the phase, variance, and envelope, the detection of these hazards and associated features can be improved. We were able to identify and isolate areas of high-intensity brightness in the vicinity of the Simian gas channel. These high-intensity brightness zones serve as clear indicators of gas seepage and the movement of gas. In addition, there is substantial evidence of gas being discharged from a high-pressure zone upwards to the seafloor through the gas chimney and eventually creating pockmarks that pose a serious hazard area to the hydrocarbon production process. Upon completion of this study, after linking the presence of the subsurface marine geological features and the hazardous risk these features might propose. The optimal site within the study area for the placement of an oil rig with the aim of mitigating the impacts of capillary action is recommended. The results enhance risk avoidance and regulatory measures in this highly significant field.
Loading mechanism of timber screw–adhesive composite joint
Authors: Fang Mingji , Tao Jingyan , Sun Tao , Dong Hanlin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe impact of carbon emission and other pollution generated by the construction industry on the natural environment and ecosystems is immeasurable. Wood, as a renewable building material with excellent performance, is a practical solution for future low-carbon buildings. Current screwed wood connections have good ductility, but the initial stiffness is relatively low. In this paper, composite wood connections with screw and adhesive were proposed and investigated. Static loading tests were conducted to screwed connections and composite connection specimens. The failure modes of different connection types, as well as the effects of adhesive type and adhesive connection area on the joint bearing capacity are discussed. The results show that the yield load and ultimate load of the composite joint made with the existing adhesive increased by up to 169% and 222%, respectively, compared with the screw connection. At the same time, the influence of curing time and bonding should also be taken into consideration. This study provides a foundation for wood joint design and promotes the sustainable development of the building industry.
Sensibilisiert für den Umgang mit älteren Patient*innen
Authors: Winzer Andrea , Breinbauer Mareike , Claus Stefan 
Published: November 2024

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund
Auch in der medizinischen Versorgung ist die demografische Alterung der Bevölkerung eindeutig erkennbar. Daher liegt es nahe, bereits frühzeitig im Medizinstudium für die Klientel der älteren Patient*innen sowie deren altersbedingte Einschränkungen zu sensibilisieren.

Ziel der Arbeit
Ziel ist die Evaluation eines Alterssimulationsunterrichts hinsichtlich Qualität und Nachhaltigkeit und die Untersuchung, ob Studierende bei sich aufgrund der Alterssimulationserfahrungen Veränderungen im empathischen Umgang mit älteren Menschen erkennen.

Material und Methoden
Eine quantitative Querschnittsstudie wurde in den Jahren 2022 und 2023 online bei 2 Medizinstudierendenkohorten im ersten Semester durchgeführt (n = 180, Rücklauf 40 %). Über den verkürzten Saarbrücker Persönlichkeitsfragebogen wurden Empathiescores ermittelt. Es wurden χ2-Tests nach Pearson, exakter Fisher-Tests sowie Mittelwertvergleiche (t-Tests) und Varianzanalysen (ANOVA, Post-hoc-Tests) berechnet.

Ergebnisse
Der Alterssimulationsunterricht wird von den Studierenden im Durchschnitt gut bewertet. Die Simulationserfahrungen erleben 91 % als eher bis sehr nachhaltig. Im Mittel können den Studierenden hohe Empathiescores (Mittelwert (M): 32,37, Standardabweichung (SD): 3,99) zugewiesen werden. Im empathischen Umgang mit älteren Menschen geben rund 74 % eine eher bis sehr starke Steigerung (4 bis 5 Punkte auf einer Skala von sehr verringert bis sehr gewachsen) durch die Simulationsübungen an. Diese Steigerung korreliert positiv mit der Höhe des Empathiescores (ANOVA, p = 0,001). Studierende mit praktischen Vorerfahrungen im medizinischen Bereich schätzen den Empathiezuwachs durch die Simulationsübungen geringer als Studierende ohne solche Vorerfahrungen ein (p = 0,001).

Diskussion
Alterssimulation scheint bereits zu Beginn des Medizinstudiums eine wirksame Lehrmethode zu sein, um bei Studierenden nachhaltig ein empathisches Verständnis für altersbedingte Einschränkungen zu fördern. Besonders Studierende ohne berufliche Vorerfahrungen nehmen durch die Simulationsübungen einen Zuwachs hinsichtlich ihres Einfühlungsvermögens in ältere Menschen wahr.
The Free Speech Principle: A Topography
Authors: Brown Alexander 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper argues that what scholars call ‘the free speech principle’ is not one principle but a slew of principles, and that these principles harbour several important differences that have remained largely unremarked upon, namely: (i) extending vs. limiting principles; (ii) comparative vs. non-comparative principles; and (iii) monistic vs. pluralistic principles. The paper also critically assesses certain generalisations that people might be tempted to make about these different principles, such as that one kind of free speech principle is harder to defend than another. Finally, the paper teases out the practical as well as theoretical implications of these insights, including degrees of complexity, the logical relationship between free speech principles and free speech policy dilemmas, and the virtue of compromise over free speech principles.
Exercise Mediates Noncoding RNAs in Cardiovascular Diseases: Pathophysiological Roles and Clinical Application
Authors: Wu Changyong , Chen Xiaocui , Yang Lu , Sun Huang , Bao Suli , Li Haojie , Zheng Lihui , Zeng Huiling , Li Ruijie , Peng Yunzhu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation is effective in improving cardiovascular disease risk factor management, cardiopulmonary function, and quality of life. However, the precise mechanisms underlying exercise-induced cardioprotection remain elusive. Recent studies have shed light on the beneficial functions of noncoding RNAs in either exercise or illness models, but only a limited number of noncoding RNAs have been studied in both contexts. Hence, the present study aimed to elucidate the pathophysiological implications and molecular mechanisms underlying the association among exercise, noncoding RNAs, and cardiovascular diseases. Additionally, the present study analysed the most effective and personalized exercise prescription, serving as a valuable reference for guiding the clinical implementation of cardiac rehabilitation in patients with cardiovascular diseases.
Applying the sour grapes/sweet lemons rationalization to change beliefs and preferences: Reducing public concerns about vaccine safety and enhancing their willingness to get vaccinated
Authors: Du Si-Yuan , Zhang Chun , Ma Jia-Tao , Nharen Mandura , Dai Yi-Xin , Li Pei-Wei , Zhao Ning , Zheng Yu , Li Shu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study examined the sour grapes/sweet lemons rationalization through 2 conditions: ‘attainable’ (sweet lemons) and ‘unattainable’ (sour grapes), reflecting China’s 2019-nCoV vaccination strategy. The aim was to find ways to change people’s beliefs and preferences regarding vaccines by easing their safety concerns and encouraging more willingness to get vaccinated. An online survey was conducted from January 22 to 27, 2021, with 3,123 residents across 30 provinces and municipalities in the Chinese mainland. The direction of belief and preference changed in line with the sour grapes/sweet lemons rationalization. Using hypothetical and real contrasts, we compared those for whom the vaccine was relatively unattainable (‘sour grapes’ condition) with those who could get the vaccine easily (‘sweet lemons’). Whether the vaccine was attainable was determined in the early stage of the vaccine roll-out by membership in a select group of workers that was supposed to be vaccinated to the greatest extent possible, or, by being in the second stage when the vaccine was available to all. The attainable conditions demonstrated higher evaluation in vaccine safety, higher willingness to be vaccinated, and lower willingness to wait and see. Hence, we propose that the manipulation of vaccine attainability, which formed the basis of the application of sour grapes/sweet lemons rationalization, can be utilized as a means to manipulate the choice architecture to nudge individuals to ease vaccine safety concerns, reducing wait-and-see tendencies, and enhancing vaccination willingness. This approach can expedite universal vaccination and its associated benefits in future scenarios resembling the 2019-nCoV vaccine rollout.
Chasing emotional losses: Negative subjective affect is linked to increased risk-seeking behavior both within and between individuals
Authors: Bennett Daniel , Fulton Ashleigh , Forbes Laura 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The literature on emotion and risk-taking is large and heterogeneous. Whereas some studies have found that positive emotions increase risk-taking and negative emotions increase risk aversion, others have found just the opposite. In this study, we investigated this question in the context of a risky decision-making task with embedded high-resolution sampling of participants’ subjective emotional valence. Across two large-scale experiments (N = 329 and 524), we consistently found evidence for a negative association between self-reported emotional valence and risk-taking behaviors. That is, more negative subjective affect was associated with increased risk-seeking, and more positive subjective affect was associated with increased risk aversion. This effect was evident both when we compared participants with different levels of mean emotional valence as well as when we considered within-participant emotional fluctuations over the course of the task. Prospect-theoretic computational modeling analyses suggested that both between- and within-participant effects were driven by an effect of emotional valence on the curvature of the subjective utility function (i.e., increased risk tolerance in more negative emotional states), as well as by an effect of within-person emotion fluctuations on loss aversion. We interpret findings in terms of a tendency for participants in negative emotional states to choose high-risk, high-reward options in an attempt to improve their emotional state.
Assessing patience and predictivity validity for mixed sign intertemporal choices
Authors: Mansell Wade Sean , Li Ye , Hardisty David 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Most research on intertemporal choice has examined choices between smaller, sooner gains and larger, later gains. A much smaller number of papers have examined intertemporal choices for losses. In this article, we explore whether mixed-sign choices with both gains and losses may better correlate with real-world behaviors. In two high-powered studies (pilot: N = 3,200; main study: N = 7,000), participants completed one of four normatively equivalent measures consisting of pure gain, pure loss, or mixed sign (Gain-Now-Loss-Later or Loss-Now-Gain-Later) intertemporal choices. Participants also self-reported a large number of demographic measures and real-world choice behaviors thought to be linked to intertemporal choice. The results indicate that (1) mixed-sign intertemporal choices yield more patient time preferences than pure-gain choices but less patient than pure-loss choices and (2) pure-gain intertemporal choices yield equivalent or superior predictive power across a range of real-world intertemporal choice behaviors.
Global migrations of the discourse of “gender ideology” and moral panics: transnational fundamentalism from the Vatican to Turkey
Authors: Çeler Zafer 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article looks at the gender regime of the governing Justice and Development Party (Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi; AKP) in Turkey through the double lenses of “gender ideology” and moral panics. It traces the itinerary along which “gender ideology” as a reactionary discourse has traveled through a landscape stretching from the Vatican to Turkey. This trajectory places the AKP’s gender perspective and policies within a larger right-wing populist rhetoric of transnational fundamentalism which claims gender is an ideology. The “gender ideology” discourse of the AKP is maintained through a constant sense of crisis which reveals itself in moments of moral panics. The article specifically takes the period of 2019–2020 where such a moment of moral panic was heightened and examines this specific period through an analysis of public speeches of political figures, newspaper articles, and other published materials on the issue. The article shows how this fundamentalist discourse of “gender ideology” and its concomitant strategy of moral panics built an oppressive political environment for women and LGBTI+ people in Turkey and paved the road to the country’s withdrawal from the İstanbul Convention in 2021.
Controlling a kisser: fermented products and commercial insects' lures as attractants of kissing bugs
Authors: Alavez-Rosas David , Flores-Jiménez Juan Eduardo , Gutiérrez-Cabrera Ana Erika , Cruz-Esteban Samuel , Córdoba-Aguilar Alex , Cruz-López Leopoldo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTriatomines (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae) are hematophagous insects, well-known for their vectorial role in transmitting Trypanosoma cruzi Chagas (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) parasites, the etiological agent of Chagas disease. Trapping these insects would limit human-triatomine interaction and, thus, control the disease. In this context, there is a critical need for effective lures to control triatomines. Through double-choice bioassays, we investigated the preference of Triatoma infestans Klug, T. pallidipennis Stal, and Rhodnius prolixus Stal triatomines for: (a) volatiles from fermented products (various fermentation types and substrates) and (b) commercial insect lures. Furthermore, we identified the chemical composition of these volatiles through headspace collection using Solid Phase Micro Extraction coupled with Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometer (HS-SPME-GC-MS). Volatiles from lactic fermentation and certain fermented fruits, along with commercial lures, attracted triatomines, while other products exhibited possible repellent or dislodging properties. These findings hold promise for the control of triatomines and, ultimately, Chagas disease.
The Pursuit of an Appropriate Dispute Resolution Philosophy for Africa
Authors: Maraire Wesley 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Appropriate Dispute Resolution (ADR) is rooted in Africa. However, this is not reflected in scholarship and practice. The last few decades have witnessed the supposed introduction of ADR in Africa, masquerading as an innovation imported from the USA and aiming to extend access to justice. This is a pure revisionism. While African communities rely on ADR to solve disputes, ADR epistemology has not developed in its scientific form. Hence, there is a dearth of literature on what emic unadulterated justice would look like in Africa. This article seeks to provide a framework for how to think about ADR in Africa by presenting five normative conceptions that are latent in African ADR: dispute avoidance; reconciliation; all-inclusive justice; consensus building; and matching disputes to the best process.
Cotton, capital, and colonialism in southern Korea, 1910–1945: Semi-governmental organizations in the construction of imperial agriculture
Authors: Stephens Holly 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis article investigates cotton promotion policies in colonial Korea, with a focus on the role of a series of semi-governmental organizations (SGOs) in implementing colonial policies to shape farmers’ interactions with global, capitalist markets. Colonial attempts to develop the cultivation of cotton, a quintessential commodity of modern capitalism, highlight the incorporation of the Korean countryside into imperial networks of commercial commodity production and circulation. However, despite appeals to the rhetoric of capitalism and the expected response of profit-maximizing cotton cultivators, in practice colonial cotton campaigns relied on the active intervention of the colonial state to reinforce the adoption of new scientific and commercial agricultural practices. SGOs performed multiple roles in the promotion of cotton cultivation—distributing resources, defining expertise, regulating the production and sale of cotton, and attempting to change the behaviour of cotton cultivators, landlords, and even merchants in line with the colonial government’s strategic interests. As such, SGOs represent an understudied extension of the colonial state into the rural economy, which influenced the conditions under which farming households engaged in the commercial cultivation of cotton.
Distribution and evidence of co-infection of the two microsporidian parasites Astathelohania contejeani and Nosema austropotamobii in Austropotamobius pallipes complex in Northern and Central Italy
Authors: Fea Gianluca , Ghia Daniela , Basso Andrea , Paolini Valentina , Sacchi Roberto , Pretto Tobia 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Austropotamobius pallipes complex is an endangered freshwater crayfish species in Europe and the assessment of the health status of its wild populations is essential for conservation purposes. The two microsporidia Astathelohania contejeani and Nosema austropotamobii have been reported to cause in A. pallipes complex a chronic parasitic infection, known as ‘porcelain disease’, which reduces population fitness and leads the host to death. Due to the similar macroscopic signs produced, molecular biology analyses are required to unambiguously distinguish between these microsporidia. Focusing on A. pallipes complex populations located in Northern and Central Italy, the present study provides an evaluation of prevalence and distribution of A. contejeani and N. austropotamobii, and investigates the variables affecting the probability of detecting infected specimens during a survey (e.g. sex, crayfish density, longitude). Microsporidia were identified in 12 populations among the 42 monitored from 2011 to 2017, with an average prevalence of 3.12% for A. contejeani and 3.60% for N. austropotamobii, the latter being reported in a wider area than previously documented (from Lombardy to Liguria Regions). Notably, crayfish co-infected by both microsporidia were also detected in 4 populations. Moreover, it was observed that the probability of detecting a crayfish with a microsporidian infection significantly increased eastwards in the studied area, especially for N. austropotamobii. Our distribution map for microsporidiosis, combined with molecular screening, will be useful for planning breeding and translocation efforts for A. pallipes complex populations.
In defence of natural religion
Authors: Renz Graham , Bell William 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The dominance of the Abrahamic tradition in contemporary analytic philosophy of religion has led some to call for greater exploration of alternatives to the traditional conception of God, such as Pantheism, Ultimism, and Axiarchism. While we think this call for alternatives is important, we go in a different direction. Rather than explore and defend alternative conceptions of God, we defend a range of fairly traditional but non-religious conceptions of God. This range of views, from deism to philosophical theism, enjoys a variety of benefits over its religious competitors and deserves greater attention.