bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KONTRIBUSI BAITUL MAAL WAT TAMWIL (BMT) TERHADAP PENINGKATAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT (Suatu tinjauaan di BMT Girah Kel. Calaca Kee. Wenang)
Authors: Dalle Syahriah Syahrir 
Published: June 2018

Penelitianini mengetengahkan suatu studi secara analisis mengenai konribusi BMT terhadap peningkatan ekonomi masyarakat, yang pokok permasalahaannya adalah bagaimana system operasional BMT serta dampak dari keberadaan BMT bagi perekonomian masyarakat. Kususnya pengusaha pengusaha kecil yang terdapat di keluarahan calacayang secara langsung merasakan keuntungan dengan adanya BMT. Dalam penyusunan penelitian ini, penulis menggunnakan penelitian yaitu mneggunakan metode wawancara, di mana penulis mewawancarai pihak pihak tertentu, baik yang berhubungan langsung maupun tidak dengan BMT. Dan permasalahan dalam penelitian ini di analisis dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan cara menganalisis isi penelitian. Dasar terbentuknya BMT bersumber dari adannya larangan riba yang terdapat dalam Alquran dan Hadis, di samping ituyang di dasarkan pada kenyataan yang ada di masyarakat menunjukan bahwa di antara sebagian manusia memiliki modal tapi idak bias menjalankan usaha produktif, di sisi lain tidak jarang pula tidak jarang pula ditemui orang-orang yang memiliki kemampuan dan keahlian berusaha secara produktif tetapi tidak memiliki atau kekurangan modal usaha. Mencermati ha yang demikinan sekaligus membantu mencairkan solusi bagi masyarakat, sekarang ini telah di kembangkan sebuah lembagga swadaya masyarakat yang bergerak dengan prinsip syari’ah yaitu BMT. Dalam kegiatan operasional BMT yang berfungsi meningkatkan atau mengembangkan usaha usaha produktif dan investasi dengan antara lain mendorong kegiatan membangun dan menunjang pembiyayaan dalam meningkatkan kegiatan ekonomi masyarakat. Dengan sistembagi hasil dan kemampuan jangkaunya terutama pada pengsaha pengusaha kecil, telah dapat memberikan sumbangan yang cukup besar dan dampak positif bagi masyarakat khususnya pengsaha pengusaha kecil dalam rangka peningkatan usahanya.
Avances de la Ciencia de Policía en América Latina
Authors: Alvarez Jairo Enrique Suárez 
Published: June 2018

El objetivo del artículo es hacer una descripción sobre la ciencia de policía en América Latina. Para este propósito el texto se estructura en seis puntos. En los dos primeros se expone el concepto de “ente policía” – transversal a todo el documento- entendido como un fenómeno histórico-político de naturaleza cívico-estatal, con sentidos y dimensiones, y en principio, concebido como objeto de la ciencia policial. En el punto 3 se esboza el origen de la ciencia de policía en el mundo español y latinoamericano dentro del contexto cambiante de los siglos XVII y XIX. El punto 4 alude a los estudios sobre policía en la región, los cuales se diferencian de los estudios explícitos de ciencia policial (punto 5). El artículo culmina con la posición propia del autor, la cual plantea y sintetiza la relación entre filosofía política y ciencia de policía, eje fundamental para el futuro desarrollo de una ontología y gnoseología policiales. Al respecto, deja abierto el debate sobre las posibilidades y los alcances prácticos del novedoso saber científico para resolver los problemas humanos que afectan la convivencia. ¿Es acaso posible una nueva ciencia política y social comprometida con las transformaciones necesarias y suficientes que requieren las sociedades actuales y futuras? Es el interrogante que merodea los diferentes tópicos a continuación expuestos.
A Actividade Policial como Ciência
Authors: Gomes Paulo Valente 
Published: June 2018

Trabalho apresentado durante as atividades da Oficina 6 – As Ciências Policiais no Brasil, do II Congresso Brasileiro das Carreiras Jurídicas de Estado, realizado em Brasília/DF, de 06 a 09 de julho de 2010. Trata da nova ordem global; dos novos riscos, ameaças e vulnerabilidades; de uma revisão dos conceitos e fronteiras conceptuais; do novo paradigma: a governança da segurança e da mudança social acelerada.
Ankle Strength Impairments in Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1: A Five-Year Follow-up
Authors: Hébert Luc J. , Vial Christophe , Hogrel Jean-Yves , Puymirat Jack 
Published: June 2018

Background: In Myotonic Dystrophy type 1 (DM1) patients, ankle muscles are affected early and this impairment is reported to be a good biological marker for longitudinal studies. Objective: To characterize the ankle dorsiflexion (DF) and eversion (EV) maximal isometric muscle strength changes in adult DM1 patients over 5 years using a standardized handheld dynamometer protocol and the Myoankle method, compare the changes measured with both methods and to the standard error of measurement, and verify the relationship between ankle muscle strength and gait performance. Methods: The maximal isometric muscle strength of ankle DF and EV in DM1 patients from Quebec and Lyon was assessed at baseline, 18, 36 and 60 months using a handheld dynamometer (HHD) protocol and the MyoAnkle method. Results: There was a decrease of torque in DF/EV of 36.0% /31.3% and 27.7% /35.5% for the Quebec and Lyon cohorts respectively ( p≤0.01), but not in a linear way. In most cases (82.5%), the changes observed were greater than the standard error of measurement. DF torque measures taken by the two methods (HHD and MyoAnkle) were highly correlated (rp = 0.97–0.98, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Muscle strength ankle impairments are clinically meaningful in DM1 and can be accurately monitored using quantitative testing to measure the efficacy of therapeutic trials.
Assessing the Efficacy of Cell Transplantation for Parkinson’s Disease: A Patient-Centered Approach
Authors: Polgar Stephen , Karimi Leila , Buultjens Melissa , Morris Meg E. , Busse Monica 
Published: June 2018

Background: Evidence from a growing number of preclinical studies indicate that recently discovered stem cell lines may be translated into viable cellular therapies for people with Parkinson’s disease. Objectives: In a brief but critical review, we examine the use of primary and secondary outcome measures currently used to evaluate the efficacy of cellular therapies. Methods: The current practice of relying on a single primary outcome measure does not appear to provide the evidence required for demonstrating the robust, life-changing recovery anticipated with the successful implementation of cellular therapies. Results: We propose a 360-degree assessment protocol, which includes co-primary and composite outcome measures to provide accurate and comprehensive evidence of treatment efficacy, from the perspectives of both the researchers and the patients.
GENETIC DIVERSITY IN BAMBARA GROUNDNUT (Vigna subterranean) AS REVEALED BY MOLECULAR WEIGHTS OF THE SEEDS’ PROTEINS
Authors: Oludare A. J. , Kioko J. I. , Akeem A. A. , Olumide A. T. , Justina K. R. , Adejoke I.  M. , Oyinade D. A. , Moradeke C. D. , Aderonke O. 
Published: June 2018

Nine accessions of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.,syn. Voandzeia subterranea (L.) Thouars ex DC.) obtained from National Centre for Genetic Resources and Biotechnology (NACGRAB), Ibadan, Oyo state, were assessed for their genetic and phylogenetic relatedness through electrophoretic analysis of the seed proteins. 0.2g of the seeds were weighed and macerated with mortar and pestle in 0.2M phosphate buffer containing 0.133M of acid (NaH2PO4) and 0.067 of base (Na2HPO4) at pH 6.5. Protein characterization with standard marker revealed that the seeds of the nine accessions contained proteins (B.S.A, Oval Albumin, Pepsinogen, Trypsinogen and Lysozyme) with molecular weights ranging from 66kda and above, 45 – 65 kDa, 44 – 33 kda, 32-24 kDa and 23-14 kDa, respectively. The student T-test revealed that accessions B, C, E, F, H and I have molecular weights not significantly different from one another (P<0.05) while samples A, D and G showed significantly different values (P>0.05). All the accessions had at least two proteins and two major bands in common. The study revealed intra-specific similarities and genetic diversity in protein contents among the nine accessions of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterraranea (L.) Verdc.syn
Attitudes, perceptions, and behaviours associated with hospital admission avoidance: a qualitative study of high-risk patients in primary care
Authors: Dew Rosie , Wilkes Scott 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundThere is little evidence documenting the attitudes, experiences, and behavioural factors of high-risk patients who are associated with avoiding hospital.AimTo explore the health, healthcare management, and behavioural factors that contribute to enabling high-risk patients to avoid unplanned hospital admissions.Design and settingThis was an in-depth qualitative, primary care, interview study with patients who were registered on the Northumberland High Risk Patient Programme (NHRPP) in Northumberland, UK.MethodThere were 30 participants in this study, of who 21 were high-risk patients and nine were carers, spouses, or relatives. A grounded-theory approach was used to explore themes that emerged from the semi-structured interviews.ResultsParticipants described physical enablers that helped them to avoid hospital including medication, living aids, and resting; however, the benefit of these may be challenged by patient decision making. The strategies that patients used to cope with their health conditions included acceptance, positive reinterpretation, and growth. Participants felt that support networks of family and friends helped them to avoid hospital, although the strain on the spouse should be considered. The majority of patients described having trust and confidence in their healthcare providers, and continuity of care was important to patients.ConclusionReinforcing the importance of the physical enablers, as well as support networks to patients, carers, and healthcare providers, could help patients to avoid hospital. Highlighting the coping strategies that patients use may help patients to manage their health, while promoting continuity of care will also contribute to helping high-risk patients to avoid unplanned hospital admissions.
Pierre de Blois, «dictator egregius». Remarques sur la persistance des figures gorgianiques
Authors: Türk Egbert 
Published: June 2018

Si pour les Anciens, l’origine de la rhétorique remontait à deux Siciliens, Corax et Tisias, le mérite d’avoir développé la technè rhètorikè en Grèce revient sans conteste au sophiste Gorgias de Lentini, qui en tira gloire et richesse. Parmi les raffinements stylistiques introduits par Gorgias, nos sources ont retenu l’antithèse, l’isocolie et l’homéotéleute. À travers l’asianisme, ces figures gorgianiques ont marqué des générations de rhéteurs et d’écrivains classiques. Légitimées par la présence tutélaire de l’oeuvre d’Augustin, rhéteur asianiste lui-même, les figures de Gorgias ont continué à exercer leur influence sur les auteurs du Moyen Âge, même si le nom de leur inventeur avait disparu des manuels. C’est ainsi que l’on retrouve les gorgieia rhèmata
chez Pierre de Blois, célèbre dictator du XIIe siècle : il en use particulièrement dans sa correspondance, comme le montre, à titre d’exemple, l’analyse de la lettre de dédicace adressée par lui à Henri II d’Angleterre.
On Estimating the Mass of Keplerian Accretion Disks in H2O Maser Galaxies
Authors: Kuo C. Y. , Reid M. J. , Braatz J. A. , Gao F. , Impellizzeri C. M. V. , Chien W. T. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
H2O maser disks with Keplerian rotation in active galactic nuclei offer a clean way to determine accurate black hole mass and the Hubble constant. An important assumption made in using a Keplerian H2O maser disk for measuring black hole mass and the Hubble constant is that the disk mass is negligible compared to the black hole mass. A simple and useful model of Huré et al. can be used to test this assumption. In that work, the authors apply a linear disk model to a position–dynamical mass diagram and re-analyze position–velocity data from H2O maser disks associated with active galactic nuclei. They claim that a maser disk with nearly perfect Keplerian rotation could have a disk mass comparable to the black hole mass. This would imply that ignoring the effects of disk self-gravity can lead to large systematic errors in the measurement of black hole mass and the Hubble constant. We examine their methods and find that their large estimated disk masses of Keplerian disks are likely the result of their use of projected instead of three-dimensional position and velocity information. To place better constraints on the disk masses of Keplerian maser systems, we incorporate disk self-gravity into a three-dimensional Bayesian modeling program for maser disks and also evaluate constraints based on the physical conditions for disks that support water maser emission. We find that there is little evidence that disk masses are dynamically important at the ≲1% level compared to the black holes.
Periodic Recurrence Patterns In X-Ray Solar Flare Appearances
Authors: Gyenge N. , Erdélyi R. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The temporal recurrence of micro-flare events is studied for a time interval before and after of major solar flares. Our sample is based on the X-ray flare observations by the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) and Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI). The analyzed data contain 1330/301 M-class and X-class GOES/RHESSI energetic solar flares and 4062/4119 GOES/RHESSI micro-flares covering the period elapse since 2002. The temporal analysis of recurrence, by Fast Fourier Transform, of the micro-flares, shows multiple significant periods. Based on the GOES and RHESSI data, the temporal analysis also demonstrates that multiple periods manifest simultaneously in both statistical samples without any significant shift over time. In the GOES sample, the detected significant periods are: 11.33, 5.61, 3.75, 2.80, and 2.24 minutes. The RHESSI data show similar significant periods at 8.54, 5.28, 3.66, 2.88, and 2.19 minutes. The periods are interpreted as signatures of standing oscillations, with the longest period (P
1) being the fundamental and others being higher harmonic modes. The period ratio of the fundamental and higher harmonics (P
1/P

N
) is also analyzed. The standing modes may be signatures of global oscillations of the entire solar atmosphere encompassing magnetized plasma from the photosphere to the corona in active regions.
Quasars Probing Quasars. X. The Quasar Pair Spectral Database
Authors: Findlay Joseph R. , Prochaska J. Xavier , Hennawi Joseph F. , Fumagalli Michele , Myers Adam D. , Bartle Stephanie , Chehade Ben , DiPompeo Michael A. , Shanks Tom , Lau Marie Wingyee , Rubin Kate H. R. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The rare close projection of two quasars on the sky provides the opportunity to study the host galaxy environment of a foreground quasar in absorption against the continuum emission of a background quasar. For over a decade the “Quasars probing quasars” series has utilized this technique to further the understanding of galaxy formation and evolution in the presence of a quasar at z > 2, resolving scales as small as a galactic disk and from bound gas in the circumgalactic medium to the diffuse environs of intergalactic space. Presented here is the public release of the quasar pair spectral database utilized in these studies. In addition to projected pairs at z > 2, the database also includes quasar pair members at z < 2, gravitational lens candidates, and quasars closely separated in redshift that are useful for small-scale clustering studies. In total, the database catalogs 5627 distinct objects, with 4083 lying within 5′ of at least one other source. A spectral library contains 3582 optical and near-infrared spectra for 3028 of the cataloged sources. As well as reporting on 54 newly discovered quasar pairs, we outline the key contributions made by this series over the last 10 years, summarize the imaging and spectroscopic data used for target selection, discuss the target selection methodologies, describe the database content, and explore some avenues for future work. Full documentation for the spectral database, including download instructions, is supplied at http://specdb.readthedocs.io/en/latest/.
Distribution of Helicobacter pylori infection and abnormal body- mass index (BMI) in a developing country
Authors: Siddiqui Basit , Yakoob Javed , Abbas Zaigham , Azmat Rabeea , Fatima Syeda Sadia , Awan Safia 
Published: June 2018

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori is prevalent in developing nations. We determined the prevalence of H. pylori infection in relation to body-mass index (BMI) of dyspeptic patients and related comorbid conditions.
Methodology: In a cross-sectional study, dyspeptic patients were enrolled and tested for H. pylori infection. “Underweight” was defined as BMI lower than 18.4; “Healthy” 18.5 to 23; “Overweight” 23.1-27.9; and “Obese” greater than 28.
Results: Six hundred and ninety-eight patients were included, with a mean age of 44 ± 16 years. Males were 373/698, 53%. H. pylori was positive in 399/698, 57%. Underweight were 36 (5%); BMI-healthy 168 (24%); overweight 236 (34%) and obese 258 (37%). H. pylori infection was present in 65/273 BMI-healthy patients ; 24% compared to obese 208/273; 76% (P < 0.001). In the H. pylori- positive with a “healthy” BMI, dyslipidemia was seen in 6/65; 8% compared to obese 53/208; 25% (P = 0.005); type 2 diabetes in 8/65; 12% with a “healthy” BMI compared to obese 54/208; 26% (P = 0.022) and coronary artery disease in 4/65; 6% of BMI-healthy compared to obese 38/208; 18% patients (P = 0.018). Multivariate analysis showed that age 31-50 years (OR 1.77, 95% CI 1.13-2.77), BMI > 23.1 (OR 2.91, 95% CI infection. 2.01-4.20), and type 2 diabetes (OR 2.41, 95% CI 1.43-4.06) were risk factors for H. pylori
Conclusions: H. pylori infection was prevalent in the 31-50-year age group. Abnormal BMI was associated with H. pylori infection.
Pathogenicity and non-opportunistic character of Blastocystis spp.: a hospital-based survey in Central Cameroon
Authors: Jupsa-Mbiandou Stéphanie , Fosso Samuel , Billé Edimo , Mélachio-Tanekou Tito T , Ajeagah-Aghaindum Gideon , Nana-Djeunga Hugues C , Samé-Ekobo Albert , Njiokou Flobert 
Published: June 2018

Introduction: Blastocystis spp. is a protist found in humans. Although usually the most frequent protozoa found in stool samples of both symptomatic and healthy subjects, its pathogenic or rather opportunistic role is yet to be clearly elucidated. To attempt to fill this gap, a cross-sectional study was conducted to compare the frequency of Blastocystis spp. in HIV positive (HIV+) versus HIV negative (HIV-) individuals in four health facilities of the Center Region of Cameroon.
Methodology: Stool samples were collected from 283 HIV positive and 245 HIV negative subjects and analyzed using direct diagnostic tests.
Results: A total of 46 (8.7%) individuals were found infected with Blastocystis spp., including 6.7% HIV positive and 11.0% HIV negative. This species was more frequent in urban and semi-urban areas than in rural areas, but evenly distributed among genders and age groups as well as among all sectors of activity. The prevalence of Blastocystis spp. (11.3%) was higher in HIV+ patients with a CD4 count ≥ 500 cells / mm3, but no significant difference was found among HIV clinical stages. Likewise prevalence, the mean number of cysts per gram of stool was similar between HIV positive and HIV negative individuals. People infected with Blastocystis spp. showed diverse clinical signs, but only flatulence was significantly more prevalent. The frequencies of these clinical signs were not related to HIV status.
Conclusion: No clear relationship links the infection with Blastocystis spp. to HIV, although its presence was associated with digestive disorder, suggesting that this parasite might not be opportunist.
Influenza A H1N1 virus infection among pregnant women in a tertiary hospital in Belgrade, Serbia
Authors: Milosevic Ivana , Korac Milos , Popovic Natasa , Lavadinovic Lidija , Urosevic Aleksandar , Milosevic Branko , Jevtovic Djordje , Pelemis Mijomir , Stevanovic Goran 
Published: June 2018

Introduction: Pregnant women are at higher risk of developing severe influenza. Our aim was to analyze clinical course and risk factors for fatal outcome in pregnant women with influenza (H1N1) infection.
Methodology: This retrospective study enrolled eleven pregnant women with confirmed Influenza A (H1N1) infection treated in the Clinic for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Belgrade, Serbia in a 6-years period.
Results: The mean age of pregnant women was 28.9 ± 5.2 years, and mean gestational age was 23.1 ± 7.0 weeks. Nine (81.8%) pregnant women had pneumonia (six had interstitial and three had bacterial pneumonia). Pregnant women developed pneumonia more often than other women in the reproductive period, but without statistical significance (81.8% vs. 65.7%, p = 0.330, OR (95% CI) 2.35 (0.47-11.80)). Nine (81.8%) pregnant women recovered. None of them experienced preterm delivery or abortion. Two women (18.2%) died due to acute respiratory distress syndrome. In one of them fetal death occurred one day before she died. The other one was performed caesarean section three days before death. Her newborn and children of all recovered women were healthy at birth. Prolonged time to initiation of oseltamivir and higher body mass index were statistically significantly associated with fatal outcome (p = 0.002, and p = 0.007, respectively). Gestational week of pregnancy, the etiology of pneumonia and comorbidity were not found to be risk factors for death (p = 0.128, p = 0.499 and p = 1.000, respectively).
Conclusion: Pregnant women with H1N1 infection are at higher risk of pneumonia and death than other women in the reproductive period. Early antiviral therapy reduces the risk of unfavorable outcome.
Low serum vitamin A is prevalent in underfive children with severe malaria and is associated with increased risk of death
Authors: Lawal Olubunmi Adeola , Adegoke Samuel Ademola , Oseni Saheed Babatunde , Oyelami Oyeku A. 
Published: June 2018

Introduction: Micronutrient deficiencies are prevalent in developing countries and may influence vulnerability to diseases particularly malaria and its severity. This study investigated serum vitamin A profile of under-five children with severe malaria (SM) in South-western, Nigeria and to determine its association with degree of malaria parasitaemia, types of SM and eventual outcome.
Methodology: Using HPLC, serum vitamin A concentrations of 170 under-five children with SM and 170 age- and gender-matched controls were determined. Parasite species identification and density were also determined. Association between serum vitamin A levels and the degree of parasitaemia, type of SM and patients’ outcome were examined by both bivariate and logistic regression analyses.
Results: Thirty-five (20.6%) of the children with SM compared with 3 (1.8%) of the controls had hypovitaminosis A, p <0.001, OR = 14.4, 95% Confidence Interval = 4.4 – 47.8. The mean serum vitamin A concentration was also lower in the patients (45.23µg/dL vs. 87.28µg/dL; p <0.001). There was inverse correlation between serum vitamin A levels and malaria parasite density (r = - 0.103, p = 0.027). Higher proportions of children with SM and hypovitaminosis A presented with metabolic acidosis and cerebral malaria (p <0.001 and 0.032 respectively). Children with SM and hypovitaminosis A were 9.1 times more likely to die compared to those without low serum vitamin A levels, OR = 9.1, 95% Confidence Interval = 2.2–38.1, p = 0.002.
Conclusion: Children with SM had reduced serum vitamin A and significantly contributed to increased morbidity and mortality.