bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploitation of Electronic Devices - Selected Issues
Authors: Paś Jacek , Buchla Sławomir 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The paper presents basic issues regarding the operation of the electronic device (ED). Electronic device - is a collection of packages (e.g. integrated circuits, processors, memories, etc.) and (or) passive and active electronic components (e.g. resistors, capacitors, transistors, diodes, etc.) that are related to each other in a functional way. By cooperating with each other, they implement a selected useful function that results from the purpose of a given device. The operation process includes technical, administrative and logistical tasks that are undertaken during the ED’s lifetime. The most important goal of all activities is to correctly perform all the functions useful for a given technical object, in this case the ED.
Data clustering analysis in the assessment of wastes using in the sewage filtration
Authors: Bedla Dawid , Dacewicz Ewa 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The paper discusses the use of multiclustering statistical analysis in the assessment of domestic wastewater filtration effectiveness. Calculations included data collected over four months of experiments with using waste as filling material of vertical flow filters for domestic sewage treatment. The effectiveness of pollutants removal was analysed in case of mechanically shredded waste in the form of PET flakes, PUR foam trims, shredded rubber tires and wadding. The organic compounds (CODcr, BOD5) removal, suspend solids, biogens (as NH4+, PO43−ions) and oxygen saturation changing compared with sand filling was analysed. Multiclustering statistical analysis allowed to divide pollutants removal efficiency of analysed materials into 3 clusters, depending on the hydraulic loading. The first group consisted in quality parameters of treated sewage: the highest reduction of BOD5 and NH4-N. It included the values of quality parameters and indicators for the filtrates obtained at the lowest hydraulic load from columns filled with 60 cm of rubber tires or sand. The second group comprised the results for fillings containing foam, PET and rubber tires (the other hydraulic loads). It featured the highest reduction of total suspended solids and PO43−. Removal of easily biodegradable organic compounds was at a similar level in both cluster groups. The filter filled with polyester waste (wadding), which was as effective as 30 cm layer of sand, and the filters filled with 60 cm of sand working at the highest hydraulic load. Third group showed the lowest values of parameters and indicators for analysed filtrates.
Groundwater property and composition variability under long-term irrigated area of Wonji Plain, Ethiopia
Authors: Dinka Megersa Olumana 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Wonji Shoa Sugar Estate (WSSE), located in the flood plain of the Awash River (Ethiopia), has been under long-term (>60 years) irrigation, industrial activities and agro-chemical usage. In this study, the hydrochemical properties of groundwater bodies available at WSSE have been characterized for quality compositions. Water samples were collected from groundwater monitoring piezometers distributed in the sugarcane plantation and then analysed for physico-chemical quality parameters (pH, EC, major cations and anions) following standard procedures. Other chemical indices (e.g., total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness (TH), magnesium absorption ratio (MAR), base exchange (r1), meteoric genesis (r2)) were derived from the measured water quality parameters. The compositional variability and groundwater classification has been presented using the Box and Piper plots. The potential sources of minerals were suggested for each of the considered water sources based on their quality characteristics. Both trilinear Piper plot and meteoric genesis index revealed that groundwater of the area is shallow meteoric water percolation type with a changing of hydrochemical facies and mixing trend. Groundwater of the area, is group 1 (Ca-Mg-HCO3) type, with no dominant cations and HCO3 are the dominant anions. Overall, the study result elucidates that the chemical composition of GW of the area showed spatial variability depending upon the variations in hydrochemical inputs from natural processes and/or anthropogenic activities within the region. The local anthropogenic processes could be discharges from sugar factory, domestic sewage and agricultural activities.
Evaluation of climate change in Ukrainian part of Polissia region and ways of adaptation to it
Authors: Kovalenko Pyotr , Rokochinskiy Anatoliy , Jeznach Jerzy , Koptyuk Roman , Volk Pavlo , Prykhodko Nataliіa , Tykhenko Ruslan 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The analysis of the current state of weather and climatic conditions and evaluation of their predicted changes for immediate and distant prospect in the drained areas of Ukrainian Polissia region was carried out in the article. The main trends in changes of meteorological characteristics and their possible effect on the conditions of functioning water management and ameliorative objects and complexes as well as on the natural and ameliorative state of drained areas were identified. The research uses a method of predictive-simulation modelling with used predictive assessment models of normalized distribution of the basic meteorological characteristics in the long-term and one-year vegetation context. According to the results of the research it was established that, for today a high variability in meteorological characteristics can lead to the significant deterioration of operation conditions of water management and ameliorative objects and units, as well as natural and ameliorative conditions of drained lands in Polissia region as a whole. Core measures regarding the adaptive potential enhancement and development in the region under the conditions of climate change were examined.
Private for-profit rural water supply in Nigeria: Policy constraints and options for improved performance
Authors: Obeta Michael Chukwuma 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Water scarcity is a major and growing problem in Nigerian rural areas, leading to the emergence of private for-profit water services providers (PPWSPs). This paper characterizes the landscape of PPWSPs in Nigerian rural communities using information collected from field observations, in-depth interviews, questionnaire surveys, and from published water resources literature. The data collected were analysed through the use of descriptive statistical tools. The results revealed the characteristics, categories, contributions and concerns of water users regarding water supplies by PPWSPs. Responses show that PPWSPs are helping to engender development, guarantee end-users with access to sufficient and reliable supplies and reduce water shortages in the study communities. Sixty four percent of sampled households depend on PPWSPs for their water requirements. Many PPWSPs operate outside the purview of government regulations and have differentiated service modes and prizes to gain wider acceptability. Despite the progress made by PPWSPs, however, the strategy can neither guarantee universal access nor the supply of safe drinking water. Significant barriers to the operations of PPWSPs, how to close the policy-gaps that constrain services delivery by PPWSPs and improve performances through setting of standards and regulatory reforms are discussed.
Frequency analysis of the extreme streamflow by the threshold level method in semi-arid region: Case study of Wadi Mekerra catchment in the North-West of Algeria
Authors: Yahiaoui Abdelhalim 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Extreme streamflow drought is the direct problem of serious on damaging and on social impacts, so the frequency analysis of hydrological drought is an important work can be done to studying the drought phenomenon in catchments. So the hydrometric data for a river conducts to the establishment of the flow duration curve (FDC) as an important index of streamflow drought regime, from this characteristic, a threshold level can be defined for both perennial or intermittent streams. Well, two partial duration series can be derived for each year; the deficit volume and drought duration series. In the catchment of Wadi Mekerra in the North-West of Algeria, the minimum value estimated from the Pareto’s annual maximum instantaneous flood population (0.60 m3∙s−1) is considered as the threshold level index where, the largest deficit volume and the largest drought duration occurring in a given year are taken into consideration. Hence, the frequency analysis of the streamflow drought regime of the catchment is analysed with Weibull distribution for both deficit volume and drought duration combined with the probability of occurrence which is determined under some criterion in order to forecasting the streamflow drought in the catchment.
Synthesis of Electronically Commutated Synchronous Motors with Predefined Characteristics
Authors: Lavrinovicha L. , Dirba J. , Sejejs K. , Kamolins E. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The authors present a methodology for the calculation and optimisation of regulation laws that apply to electronically commutated synchronous motors with predefined characteristics. It is shown that the synchronous electronically commutated motors can provide predefined characteristics with the maintenance of high energy performance by simultaneously regulating supply voltage, excitation current and load angle.
The Competency Model of Graduated student in Air cargo Management Program of Thailand: Civil Aviation Training Center Thailand
Authors: Northaw Jane , Tungkunanan Pariyaporn , Manon Wattana 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This research aims to explore the competency model of students who graduated from the Air Cargo Management Program of Civil Aviation Training Center. The research methodology consists of studying the competency requirements of an aviation company and that of the students in the Air Cargo Management Program. The sampling group consists of administrators and staff of aviation companies, amounting to a total of 210 participants. The competency model of students who graduated from the Air Cargo Management Program was collected using the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method. This produces a semantic model which was confirmed using the Focus group method. The areas focused are competencies in attribute, knowledge, and skills. The results show that the highest mean in the Attribute competency, where 4 topics consisting of 17 subtopics were researched, obtained a mean score of 4.15, and an important weight score of 2.79. The Second highest mean score was in the knowledge competency, where 7 topics consisting of 17 subtopics were researched, obtained a score of 3.72, and the highest important weight score of 2.59. And the third was the Skills competency; the mean 3.70, the highest important w eight score of 2.59 and there are 6 topics consisting of 17 subtopics.
Food: A Challenging and Complex Fundamental Care
Authors: Alves Patrícia , Oliveira Célia Simão , Lima-Basto Marta 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Food is permanently present in the daily life of the person, being much more than an act for the maintenance of life, dragging with it a multidimensional symbology and also being a way to obtain pleasure. In situations of health-illness and particularly in end-of-life situations, food may become a problem for the patient, family and for health professionals, in particular for nurses. This paper is a review of literature to present and justify the relevance of food as a basic but complex human need and to prospect its implications in the nursing care in this area, which constitutes a fundamental care. Bibliographic research was carried out at EBSCO (CINAHL and MEDLINE), academic Google and at the library of the Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Lisboa (Nursing College of Lisbon). This paper makes a critical and grounded analysis on the food phenomenon and the challenges it brings to the fundamental nursing care, and illustrates it with excerpts from an ongoing study of the first author on the food care process at end-of-life. In conclusion, nurse´s role regarding the food field should be individualized, being necessary the nurse to interact and get to know the patient to meet their expectations. This individual intervention with the patient has positive consequences for all involved in the process.
Human Capital Depreciation: Impoverishment of Mangrove Shellfishing in Tumaco, Colombia
Authors: Guerrero Daniel , Rosell Jordi 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This research studies a set of mangrove shellfishers on the South-Pacific Coast of Colombia. Results show the impoverishment and lack of human capital of shellfishers. Findings indicate that the age of shellfishers is negatively correlated to human capital formation. As a consequence, senior shellfishers exert higher levels of effort to maintain livelihoods. By estimating seemingly unrelated regressions, we identify that shellfishers with higher human capital harvest lower shellfish quantities, implying that the less educated shellfishers engage in the activity as a last resort. Furthermore, women are more frequent in the activity, though exhibiting non-significant differences in productivity compared to men.
An Analysis of the Relationship between Compensation and Employees’ Working Motivation Controlling for Proactive Behavior in Indonesian Hotel Industry
Authors: Widokarti Joko Rizkie , Kartini Dwi , Oesman Yevis Marty , Sari Diana 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
In companies engaged in hospitality services, where contact between employees and guests is relatively intensive, employee motivation will be a determining factor for the success of the company. Unsatisfied employees cause the quality of work to decrease and things can be felt directly by guests. Compensation is one of important variables that can affect employees’ working motivation. Good compensation for employees will encourage them to work well and more productive. Working motivation is closely related to employees’ perceptions of compensation and their proactive behavior. This study aims to determine the relationship between employee perceptions of compensation and working motivation controlling for proactive behavior in hotel companies with a research hypothesis: “There a significant relationship between perceptions of compensation and employees’ working motivation controlling for proactive behavior.” A total of 700 employees working in 37 stars and non-star hotels throughout Indonesia were sampled in this study. Statistical calculations showed that the partial correlation of compensation variables and working motivation controlling proactive behavior is significantly correlated r(698) = .617, p<.01, significant 2-tailed. The coefficient is reduced or slightly weakened whilst taking away the effects of proactive variable comparing to. 814 with the proactive influence. However, the correlation of compensation and working motivation remains strong even without proactive attitude variable.
Selected socio-demographic and work-related determinants of the social competence of professionally active nurses
Authors: Chrzan-Rodak Agnieszka , Ślusarska Barbara , Nowicki Grzegorz , Ogórek Marlena , Zarzycka Danuta , Niedorys Barbara , Dziedzic Ewelina 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Introduction. Social competence is a soft skill that allows, among other things, for better communication with the patient, establishing and maintaining a therapeutic relationship and motivation of the patient. Social competence is a guarantee of care quality and a high level of satisfaction of the patient and his or her family, when it comes to the care provided. Social competence also has a positive impact on nurses, because it is a factor protecting them from burning out, and facilitating cooperation in the therapeutic team.

Aim. The aim of the study was to assess the level of social competence of professionally active nurses as well as to determine relationship between social competence and selected socio-demographic and work-related factors.

Material and methods. The present study included 291 nurses from the economically active population, aged from 23 to 63 years. Diagnostic survey and Social Competence Questionnaire by Anna Matczak (SCQ) were used in this study.

Results. As many as 37.8% of participating nurses demonstrated high levels of social competence (7th-10th sten) in intimate situations. Average levels (5th-6th sten) were characteristic for 40.5% of respondents in social exposure situations. When it comes to social competence in situations requiring assertiveness they were typically at average level (5th-6th sten) with 39.9% of nurses fitting this score. The overall result for social competence of nurses was low (36.1% of respondents) and average (34.4%). Place of residents and the postgraduate education were among the socio-demographic factors that determined significantly higher levels of social competence among nurses.

Conclusions. Nurses represent low and average levels of social competence. There is a further need for research on social competence among nurses and implementation of training programs that will help them develop higher levels social skills.
Pollinators and visitors of the generalized food-deceptive orchid Dactylorhiza majalis in North-Eastern Poland
Authors: Ostrowiecka Beata , Tałałaj Izabela , Brzosko Emilia , Jermakowicz Edyta , Mirski Paweł , Kostro-Ambroziak Agata , Mielczarek Łukasz , Lasoń Andrzej , Kupryjanowicz Janusz , Kotowicz Jarosław , Wróblewska Ada 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPollinator foraging behavior plays a key role in breeding and therefore affects the evolution of the orchid reproductive strategy. Food-deceptive orchids usually implement a generalized plant pollination strategy and a relatively diverse group of pollinators visit them.Dactylorhiza majalisis a food-deceptive, early-flowering orchid that relies on insect-mediated pollination. This study’s objectives were to identifyD. majalis’ pollinators and flower visitors and their foraging behaviors onD. majalisinflorescences. We also assessed the bending movement time to determine the relationship between bending time and the duration of pollinators’ visits. To assess pollination efficiency, we measured the spur length ofD. majalisflowers, which is expected to affect the mechanical fit to pollinators/“potential” pollinators. The arthropod fauna were investigated to examine the availability of “potential” pollinators in populations. We identifiedApis melliferaas this orchid’s main pollinator and confirmed that few of the flower visitors belonged to Diptera (12 individuals, 9 taxa), Hymenoptera (3 individuals, 3 taxa), or Coleoptera (2 individuals, 2 taxa) in our dataset, which was collected over a 2-year period and includes 360 h of video. The arthropods were collected by a sweep net inD. majalispopulations and there were fewer Hymenoptera (2.9–23.2%) and Coleoptera (4.4–23.8%) visitors but more Diptera (23.3–58.6%) visitors. We found thatA. melliferaforaged in different ways onD. majalisinflorescences, thereby resulting in cross-pollination and/or geitonogamy; however, the bending time data supported the hypothesis about promoting cross-pollination while decreasing self-pollination, but these data do not exclude the possibility of geitonogamy.
Detrital zircon ages from Proterozoic, Paleozoic, and Cretaceous clastic strata in southern New Mexico, U.S.A.
Authors: Amato Jeffrey M. 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTU-Pb ages were obtained from detrital zircon grains from Proterozoic, Ordovician, Devonian, Pennsylvanian, and Cretaceous clastic sedimentary rocks in southern New Mexico and are compared to previously published data from Proterozoic, Cambrian, Permian, and other Cretaceous strata. This provides the first combined data set from most of the known pre-Cenozoic clastic formations in southern New Mexico, albeit in a reconnaissance fashion. Proterozoic quartzite, conglomerate, and lithic sandstone yield mostly 1.65-Ga zircon ages that were derived from the Mazatzal province, with minor 1.8–1.7-Ga zircon ages from the Yavapai province. The Cambrian–Ordovician Bliss Sandstone is dominated by Grenville-age grains and Cambrian grains inferred to be locally derived. Newly acquired ages from the Ordovician Cable Canyon Sandstone are dominated by 1.7–1.6-Ga Mazatzal province zircon grains, whereas new data from the Devonian Percha Shale indicate subequal contributions from 1.7–1.6-Ga and ~1.4-Ga sources, along with 1.8–1.7-Ga zircon ages. Both of these formations likely had mainly distal sources as the Precambrian basement in the region was largely buried by older Paleozoic strata. New data from a sandstone in the Pennsylvanian La Tuna Formation show mostly Yavapai grains and minor Paleozoic zircon grains, including Cambrian zircon grains sourced from the nearby Florida Mountains landmass postulated to have been exposed during Pennsylvanian time. The Permian ‘Abo tongue’/Robledo Mountains Formation of the Hueco Group has mostly Neoproterozoic and Grenville-age zircon grains and was derived from Ancestral Rocky Mountain uplifts that did not have a large ~1.4-Ga component. The Aptian Hell-to-Finish Formation of the Bisbee Group has mostly Yavapai-aged zircon grains in the pre-1000-Ma age group, but younger Albian- and Campanian-age sandstones have mostly Grenville-age zircon grains. New data from the Albian Beartooth Quartzite indicate syndepositional volcanic grains at 102 Ma and support correlations with the Mojado Formation rather than the younger Dakota Sandstone. Archean zircon ages are rare overall in all of the strata in southern New Mexico, but zircon grains with ages of ~2.74 Ga are most abundant. These grains could have been derived from basement rocks in the Wyoming or Superior provinces, or recycled from sediment originally derived from those sources.
Transsphenoidal endoscopic appro ach in the treat ment of spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak
Authors: Cherebillo V. Y. , Karpischenko S. A. , Puzakov N. S. , Stancheva O. A. 
Published: May 2019

Introduction. Spontaneous nasal liquorrhea is a pathological condition associated with defect between nasal cavity and intracranial structures that lead to the expiration of the CSF from the nasal cavity.The objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of endoscopic endonasal approach in the CSF leak treatment.Material and methods. For the period from 2008 to 2018, 38 patients with spontaneous nasal liquorrhea were examined and treated in Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, the clinic of neurosurgery of Kirov Medical Institute and Almazov National Medical Research Centre. All patients underwent plastic surgery of the CSF fistula by endoscopic endonasal aproach.Results. Only in 4 cases, there was a large defect, the failure of the closure of which required repeated surgical intervention in 1–2 weeks after the initial operation.Conclusion. The use of autologous tissues (muscle or fat autograft) is the method of choice for repeated surgical plastics of the cerebrospinal fluid fistula or in a large size defect (more than 5 mm).
Features of surgical treatment of chronic pancreatitis complicated by the syndrome associated with obstructive jaundice
Authors: Tarasenko S. V. , Natalskiy A. A. , Peskov O. D. , Rahmaev T. S. , Bakonina I. V. , Bogomolov A. Y. 
Published: May 2019

Material and methods.The work is based on the results of retrospective analysis of data from the examination and treatment of 77 patients who were in the Center for Surgery of the Liver and Pancreas of the City Clinical Hospital of Emergency Medical Care in 2005–2017.Results.The article presents our analysis of the results of surgical treatment of patients with chronic pancreatitis complicated by obstructive jaundice.Conclusion.The obtained data allowed to substantiate the feasibility of preliminary minimally invasive decompression of the biliary tract, to determine its optimal method, as well as the choice of operational benefits in patients with subhepatic cholestasis.