bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of Recast Intervention to Teach Causal Adverbials to Young Children With Developmental Language Disorder Within a Science Curriculum: A Single Case Design Study
Authors: Curran Maura , Owen Van Horne Amanda 
Published: February 2019

Purpose

Language serves as an essential resource to learn about cause and effect throughout childhood. Causal adverbial sentences use causal conjunctions (e.g.,
because
,
so
) to join 2 clauses to express cause–effect relationships (
Diessel & Hetterle, 2011
). Causal adverbial sentences are frequently used to explain causal relationships in academic contexts, such as elementary school science and social studies classes (
Kinzie et al., 2014
;
J. Williams et al., 2014
). Children with developmental language disorder (DLD) are at risk for failure in these academically relevant language skills. Here, we investigated the effect of language intervention focused on causal adverbials on both causal adverbials and acquisition of science content in young children with DLD.

Method
A multiple-probe design was used to examine the effect of language intervention using recasts on production of causal adverbials and acquisition of science content for 7 preschool/kindergarten children with DLD. Child production of causal adverbials and an untreated control structure were analyzed.

Results

Six of 7 participants exhibited gains in production of causal adverbials containing
because
, with effect sizes ranging from small to large. Performances on daily probes of science content learning and science unit tests indicate that participants are able to learn science content, but the magnitude of gains may not relate to skill in causal adverbial production.

Conclusion
Language intervention for young children with DLD can effectively treat complex syntactic targets such as causal adverbials in the context of science instruction, but it is unclear whether this can affect science content learning.
Laryngeal Neuromuscular Response to Short- and Long-Term Vocalization Training in Young Male Rats
Authors: Lenell Charles , Newkirk Bethany , Johnson Aaron M. 
Published: February 2019

Purpose
Although vocal training is often purported to restore and rebalance laryngeal muscle function, little is known about the direct effects of vocal training on the laryngeal muscles themselves. Consequently, parameters of vocal exercise dose, such as training duration and intensity, have not been well defined. The goal of this study was to use a behavioral animal model to determine the effects of short- and long-term ultrasonic vocalization (USV) training on USV acoustics, thyroarytenoid (TA) muscle neuromuscular junctions (NMJs), and TA muscle fiber size in adult rats.

Method
Twenty-four young adult male Long-Evans rats were divided into 3 groups (untrained control, 4-week training, and 8-week training). Baseline and posttraining USVs were recorded and acoustically analyzed for fundamental frequency, frequency bandwidth, amplitude, and duration. Presynaptic and postsynaptic NMJ morphological features and muscle fiber size were measured in the TA.

Results
USV training had no effect on USV acoustics. Eight weeks of USV training, however, resulted in a lower NMJ motor endplate dispersion ratio, consistent with previous findings. USV training did not affect fiber size within the TA muscle.

Conclusions
This study demonstrated that 8 weeks of USV training can induce peripheral neural adaptations in the NMJ of the TA muscle in young rats. The observed adaptations suggest that vocal training is consistent with endurance-type exercise, but the adaptations occur on a longer time scale than similar adaptations in the limb muscles.
Effect of supply scaling on noise performance of 0.6–1.2 V continuous‐time delta‐sigma modulator
Authors: Hsu C.‐W. , Kinget P.R. 
Published: February 2019

The dependence of the noise performance of a 0.6–1.2 V continuous‐time delta‐sigma modulator (DSM) on its supply voltage is analysed. The noise performance and benchmark figure of merit (FoM) mainly depend on the power dissipation, thermal noise contributions from the analogue loop filter, and the quantisation noise from the quantisers. Theoretical estimates for the supply dependence of loop noise and quantisation noise, and their respective FoM are derived and verified with simulations for a 2 MHz third‐order continuous‐time DSM, while operating from a supply between 0.6 and 1.2 V. At a larger supply voltage, the FoM related to the loop filter noise improves, whereas at lower supplies, the FoM related to the quantisation noise improves. As a result, the overall FoM of the DSM reaches an optimum at a particular supply. The supply voltage with the best FoM of the DSM is derived with the supply‐scaling FoM of the loop filter and quantisers. For an equal FoM of the loop filter and quantisers at a supply V, the optimal supply voltage is 0.66 V.
3 GHz, 1 mW inverter‐based TIA with capacitive feedback for enhanced gain and sensitivity in VLC applications
Authors: Li Xianbo , Patrick Yue C. 
Published: February 2019

In this Letter, a novel inverter‐based trans‐impedance amplifier (TIA) with enhanced gain and sensitivity is presented for Gb/s visible light communication (VLC). By employing capacitive feedback with a large negative equivalent capacitance to reduce the TIA input capacitance, the proposed TIA achieves a trans‐impedance gain of 89.4 dBΩ with 5.7 dB improvement and an input referred noise current of 0.43 µArms with 1.8 dB improvement when compared to a reference TIA without capacitive feedback. Both the proposed TIA and the reference TIA have the same −3 dB bandwidth (BW) of 3 GHz and the same power consumption of 1 mW, and they are designed with a 40 nm CMOS process.
Interleaved boost converter for global maximum power extraction from the photovoltaic system under partial shading
Authors: Farh Hassan M.H. , Eltamaly Ali M. , Al‐Saud Mamdooh S. 
Published: February 2019

Partial shading (PS) condition has a negative effect on the shaded photovoltaic (PV) modules/arrays itself. In addition, it reduces the output power generated considerably. The PV system configuration represents one of the effective solutions to alleviate the PS effects and extract the global maximum power (GMP) available from the partially shaded PV (PSPV) system. This study introduces a detailed performance analysis and comparisons of four proposed PV system configurations [module integrated converter (MIC), multi‐strings interfaced interleaved boost converter (MSIBC), multi‐arrays interfaced IBC and single array single converter (SASC)] in terms of output power generated and mismatch loss (MML) index. The selection of the best PV system configuration, which not only mitigates the PS effects but also extracts the GMP available from the PSPV system, depends on a trade‐off between the generated power, cost and complexity before judging which one is preferable. Although the MIC PV system has the highest output power generated (33 kW) and MML (100%), it increases the PV system complexity. Whereas, MSIBC has the second highest output power generated (28 kW) and MML compared to MIC. SASC has the lowest generated power and MML among the four configurations. The finding proves that MSIBC has superior performance compared to the other PV system configurations considering both the technical and economic assessment.
Développement de nouvelles applications pour l'utilisation de protéases en œnologie
Authors: Ducruet J. , Cahuzac R. , Silvestri A.-C. , Roeslé J. , Bach B. , Cléroux M. , Koestel C. , Laurenzini F. , Roesti J. 
Published: February 2019

Depuis les années 70, les préparations enzymatiques sont des auxiliaires technologiques d'origine biologique de plus en plus appréciées pour l'aide qu'elles apportent dans les différentes étapes de la vinification (Débourbage, pressurage, macération, filtration et stabilisation microbiologique). Les activités utilisables en œnologie sont décrites par le règlement européen 1493/1999 et les résolutions œnologiques 11–18/2004 de l'OIV. A ce jour, les protéases ne font pas partie des activités enzymatiques autorisées car jugées inefficaces dans le milieu hostile qu'est le vin. Plus récemment, il a été démontré que l'utilisation d'une aspergillopepsines couplée de la flash pasteurisation permettait l'hydrolyse complète des protéines thermo-instables des vins blancs à l'échelle pilote et industrielle.L'objectif de ce travail est d'explorer de nouvelles applications œnologiques à l'utilisation de protéases. Pour cela, 4 protéases industrielles ont été testées sur l'amélioration de la filtrabilité des vins et l'élevage sur lies d'un vin rouge et un vin blanc. Ce travail a permis de mettre en évidence que l'utilisation de protéase pouvait améliorer sensiblement la filtrabilité des vins. L'amélioration observée est plus importante avec un test de filtrabilité (Vmax sur membrane 0.45 μm) qu'en filtration tangentielle (membrane céramique 0.2 μm). Enfin, en l'absence de flash pasteurisation les protéases ne semblent pas avoir d'effet sur la filtrabilité ou l'élevage sur lies des vins.Mots clés :Enzyme, Protéase, filtrabilité, filtration tangentielle, vin.
Effect of the extent of ethanol removal on the volatile compounds of a Chardonnay wine dealcoholized by vacuum distillation
Authors: Petrozziello M. , Panero L. , Guaita M. , Prati R. , Marani G. , Zinzani G. , Bosso A. 
Published: February 2019

“Beverages obtained from the partial dealcoholization of wine” are those drinks whose final alcoholic degree after dealcoholization is lower than that of a wine and higher than or equal to 0.5% v/v. When the total alcoholic degree is lower than 0.5% v/v the denomination is “Beverages obtained from the dealcoholization of wine”. The practices to be authorized for the production of these drinks with the dealcoholized wine fractions are currently being studied at OIV. The characterization of the composition of these fractions is essential to identify the necessary corrective practices. The present work was aimed at monitoring the losses of the main volatile compounds of a Chardonnay wine with the proceeding of the dealcoholization process by vacuum distillation. The wine was subjected to total dealcoholization, and during the process the evaporated fractions, re-condensed at 9 ∘C, were collected in aliquots of 1.25 L each. The ethanol content of each fraction was measured, and for the first 20 fractions the content in volatile compounds was determined with GC-MS. The results show that the losses of volatile compounds during the dealcoholization process follow different trends depending on the molecules considered. The most volatile compounds, generally with the lowest perception thresholds, were mainly present in the first evaporated fractions. The greatest losses concerned isoamylacetate, ethyl hexanoate and ethyl octanoate. Conversely, a greater number of molecules were present at similar concentrations in the different fractions, and their losses followed a linear or sometimes exponential trend: in particular, these compounds included n-hexanol, 2-phenylethanol, diethyl succinate and medium chain fatty acids (hexanoic, octanoic and decanoic acids). In the wine dealcoholized at 3.36% v/v (loss of ethanol equal to 7.43% v/v, corresponding to the 20th and last recondensed fraction), some volatile compounds were no longer detectable or quantifiable; in particular, these compounds were isoamylacetate, ethylhexanoate, hexylacetate, n-hexanol and other alcohols with 6 carbon atoms and ethyl octanoate. Other compounds, such as hexanoic, octanoic and decanoic acids, and, in particolar, β-phenylethanol, benzylic aalcohol and γ-butyrolactone, underwent lower percentage losses than those of ethanol. The dealcoholization process can therefore deeply modify the original aromatic profile of the wines, intervening on the absolute concentration and on the relative ratios of the single molecules.
Evaluation ofSaccharomyces pastorianusimpact to Sauvignon blanc chemical & sensory profile compared to different strains ofS. cerevisiae/bayanus
Authors: Troianou V. , Toumpeki C. , Dorignac E. , Kogkou C. , Kallithraka S. , Kotseridis Y. 
Published: February 2019

Enhancing flavors and/or improving fermentation parameters through the use of different species of yeast strains is nowadays a frequent challenge in winemaking research, especially for aromatic varieties such as Sauvignon Blanc. In this work, the aim was to focus on the impact of a species not already studied in wine:Saccharomyces pastorianus. Twenty-two fermentations were conducted on a Sauvignon Blanc must by addition of different strains and mixtures of them by using two different inoculation temperatures. The must was inoculated in cold condition with two similar mixtures ofS. pastorianus1 or 2 (70%) andS. bayanus(30%), withS. pastorianus1 or 2 alone, with the correspondentS. bayanusalone and with two otherS. cerevisiae1 and 2 alone as well. For classic condition, the must was inoculated with only one mixtureS. pastorianus1 (70%) /S. bayanus(30%), and respectively withS. pastorianus1,S. bayanusandS. cerevisiae2 alone. Samples were taken all along the fermentations for both conditions in order to check chemical and microbial analyses as well as yeast implantations. The final wines were analysed for alcohol, glucose, fructose, all other classical wine analysis as well as for acetate esters, and higher alcohols. The results underlined that for bothS. pastorianus1 andS. pastorianus2 strains, the production of acetic acid was zero in cold condition and really low (0.09 g/l) for classic condition regardingS. pastorianus1. As a consequence,Saccharomyces pastorianusseems to be highly interesting for winemaking, alone or in co-inoculation withS. bayanus.
Mass-spectrometric study on13C/12C carbon and18O/16O oxygen stable isotopes distributions in grapes and wines from the Black Sea regions
Authors: Kolesnov A. , Zenina M. , Tsimbalaev S. , Tereshenko G. , Torshina L. , Anikina N. , Gnilomedova N. , Gerzhikova V. , Egorov E. , Guguchkina T. , Prakh A. , Antonenko M. 
Published: February 2019

The present study continues the 2015–2016 research project on biological characteristics of stable isotopes fractionation in grapes taking into account the agro-climatic growth conditions of this representative of the C3-pathway of photosynthesis group of plants in different geographical Black Sea regions. The first parts of the project were presented at the 39th and 40th Congresses of OIV in Bento Gonçalves (Brazil) and Sofia (Bulgaria). The scientific data on compositions of13C/12C carbon and18O/16O oxygen stable isotopes in carbohydrates, organic acids, and intracellular water were obtained for grapes of 2015–2016 growing seasons in the four areas of the Crimean peninsula as well as in several areas of the Don Basin and the Western Caspian region. This report presents the results of the 2017 season study of13C/12C carbon and18O/16O oxygen stable isotopes in carbohydrates and intracellular water of 12 red and white grape varieties (Aligote, Rkatsiteli, Sauvignon Zeleny, Chardonnay, Cabernet Sauvignon, Sauvignon Blanc, Merlot, Risling, Pinot Noir, Cabernet Franc, Sira, Krasnostop) as well as in ethanol of wines made from corresponding grapes from the Crimean Peninsula and South-West Coast of the Greater Caucasus. To measure the ratio of carbon isotopes13C/12C in grape (must) carbohydrates and wine ethanol the Flash-Combustion technique (FC-IRMS/SIRA) has been used, while the method of isotopic equilibration (EQ-IRMS/SIRA) has been used for the measurement of18O/16O oxygen isotopes ratio in the intracellular water of grapes (must) and in the water fraction of wine. The GC-Combustion technique (GC-IRMS/SIRA) has been used for the first time to measure the carbon isotopes13C/12C distribution in ethanol of studied wines. It has been found that the δ13CVPDBvalues for carbohydrates of red and white grape varieties as a result of biological fractionation of carbon isotopes in the agro-climatic conditions of plant growth (2017 season) for the studied geographical areas formed the following quantitative ranges: from − 26.72 to − 23.35‰ (the Crimean Peninsula) and from − 25.92 to − 23.87‰ (South-West Coast of the Greater Caucasus). The δ13CVPDBvalues for wine ethanol are in the following ranges: from − 28.15 to − 24.47‰ (the Crimean Peninsula) and from − 27.29 to − 25.78‰ (South-West Coast of the Greater Caucasus). The δ18OVSMOWvalues in intracellular water of grapes of the 2017 season range from − 1.24 to 2.17‰ (the Crimean Peninsula) and from 1.08 to 4.09‰ (South-West Coast of the Greater Caucasus). The results of this study show, in comparison with the results of studies of the 2015 and 2016 seasons, a decrease in the δ13CVPDBvalues for carbohydrates of grapes and ethanol of wine, which is explained by the changed climatic conditions of grapes growing in the vegetation period of 2017.
Wein und Krebs – was zeigt die epidemiologie?
Authors: Worm N. 
Published: February 2019

Azetaldehyd, das Abbauprodukt des Alkohols, besitzt ein krebsförderndes Potenzial und kann das Risiko für verschiedene Krebsformen in Abhängigkeit der genetischen Ausstattung, der konsumierten Menge und verschiedener Lebensstilfaktoren erhöhen. Zahlreiche Langzeitbeobachtungsstudien (Kohortenstudien) haben diese Zusammenhänge überprüft.
Für erhöhten Konsum und vor allem für Alkoholmissbrauch ist ein deutlich erhöhtes Risiko für verschiedene Krebsformen und ein erhöhtes Gesamt-Krebsrisiko gezeigt worden. Im Allgemeinen fanden sich für Spirituosenkonsum höhere Risiken als für Wein- und Bierkonsum. Hingegen finden sich für leichten bis moderaten Alkohol- und vor allem für Weinkonsum divergierende Ergebnisse. Manche Krebsformen gehen in diesem Konsumbereich sogar mit einem signifikant geminderten Risiko im Vergleich zu Alkoholabstinenz einher.
Eine aktuelle Meta-Analyse der Kohortenstudien weist für leichten Konsum (bis zu 1 Drink/Tag) sogar eine Senkung des Gesamt-Krebsrisikos aus. Eine weitere aktuelle Meta-Analyse fand bei leichtem Konsum allein für Brustkrebs und bei Männern für Kolorektal-Karzinom leicht erhöhte Risiken, doch in keinem Krebsbereich ein erhöhtes Sterblichkeitsrisiko.
Eine überzeugende Datenlage findet andererseits bei leichtem bis moderatem Konsum eine Senkung des Risikos für kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen, Diabetes mellitus, Gallenstein, Osteoporose und Demenzerkrankungen. Folglich müssen bei der Diskussion um die gesundheitliche Problematik des Konsums alkoholischer Getränke diese “Schutzeffekte” den genannten Risiken gegenübergestellt werden. Die günstigsten Effekte beobachtet man im Rahmen eines mediterranen Trinkmusters, das sich durch regelmäßigen Konsum – vor allem von Wein – zum Essen, in moderater Menge und ohne Alkoholexzesse auszeichnet.
Refeeding-Syndrom: Ein konsensusbasierter Algorithmus für stationäre Patienten
Authors: Aubry Emilie , Aeberhard Carla , Leuenberger Michèle , Stirnimann Jessica , Friedli Natalie , Schütz Philipp , Stanga Zeno 
Published: February 2019

ZusammenfassungDas Refeeding-Syndrom (RFS) ist ein oft übersehender, aber potenziell lebensbedrohlicher metabolischer Zustand. Es kann nach der Aufnahme einer Ernährungstherapie eines mangelernährten Patienten entstehen. Charakterisiert ist es durch Elektrolytstörungen (insbesondere Hypophosphatämie, Hypokaliämie und Hypomagnesiämie), ein Flüssigkeitsungleichgewicht sowie Salzretention und konsekutiv eingeschränkte Organfunktionen. Die Evidenzlage bezüglich des RFS ist dürftig. Kürzlich ist eine systematische Literaturreview zu den Risikofaktoren, diagnostischen Kriterien, präventiven und therapeutischen Maßnahmen zum RFS publiziert worden. Auf Basis dieser Übersichtsarbeit wurden von einem internationalen Expertengremium klinisch relevante Empfehlungen erarbeitet und ein Algorithmus für die Prävention, das Management und das Monitoring des RFS bei stationären Patienten entwickelt. Es werden spezifische Kriterien für die Diagnosestellung, die Risikostratifikation und praktische, konkrete Empfehlungen für das Management der Ernährungstherapie von Patienten jeder Risikokategorie vorgeschlagen. Zudem werden die schrittweise Implementierung der Energie- und Flüssigkeitszufuhr sowie eine Elektrolyt- und Vitaminsupplementierung bzw. -substitution und das detaillierte Vorgehen für das Monitoring aufgezeigt. Diese Empfehlungen beabsichtigen, das Management des RFS im klinischen Alltag zu optimieren und zu standardisieren. Der Fokus liegt auf klinisch relevanten Fragen bezüglich dem Management von stationären Risikopatienten. Qualitativ hochstehende Studien werden benötigt, um diese Empfehlungen zu evaluieren und zu bestätigen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden ebendiese Empfehlungen vorgestellt.
Lipödem – Mythen und Fakten Teil 4
Authors: Bertsch Tobias , Erbacher Gabriele , Torio-Padron Nestor 
Published: February 2019

ZusammenfassungUm das Lipödem ranken sich zahlreiche Mythen! In diesem vierten Beitrag unserer Artikelserie setzen wir uns mit dem Stellenwert der Liposuktion beim Lipödem auseinander. Wir diskutieren das von vielen die Liposuktion durchführenden Ärzten verbreitete Statement: „Die Liposuktion führt zu ausgeprägter und dauerhafter Verbesserung des Lipödems“. Wir konnten zeigen, dass zwischen den oft euphorischen Versprechungen der chirurgisch tätigen Kollegen und der aktuellen Studienlage zur Liposuktion eine erhebliche Lücke klafft. Sowohl Studienqualität als auch Studiensetting weisen erhebliche Mängel auf, Mängel, die Zweifel an diesem verbreiteten Statement aufkommen lassen. Eine ähnliche Lücke klafft darüber hinaus zwischen den Empfehlungen der S1-Leitlinie Lipödem und der tatsächlichen „Absaugpraxis“ bei adipösen Lipödempatientinnen. Die in den Leitlinien empfohlene „kritische Indikationsstellung“ bei gleichzeitigem Auftreten von Lipödem und Adipositas findet kaum Gehör. Es
kann daher nicht genug betont werden, dass Liposuktion keine Methode ist, um Adipositas zu behandeln. Gleichwohl kann die Liposuktion durchaus zu einer Verbesserung des Lipödems beitragen. Entscheidend für den Therapieerfolg ist die Auswahl der Patientinnen, die aufgrund – medizinischer – Kriterien erfolgen muss. Darüber sollte die Liposuktion in ein Gesamtkonzept eingebunden werden, welches psychosoziale, ernährungs- und sportmedizinische Gesichtspunkte berücksichtigt.
Caveolins; An Assailant or An Ally of Various Cellular Disorders
Authors: Srivastav Ritesh Kumar , Ansari Tarique Mahmood , Prasad Mahesh , Vishwakarma Vishal Kumar , Bagga Paramdeep , Ahsan Farogh 
Published: February 2019

AbstractCaveolae have impressive morphological highlights of the cytomembrane of mammalian cells which involve in wide diversity of cellular functions involving signaling pathways and cholesterol hastening. Caveolin proteins possess a ‘scaffolding’ domain which for caveolin-1 and caveolin-3 appear to act a dominant role in signal regulation through caveolae. Caveolin-1 is treated to be protein in the cytomembrane entrapped with caveolae in endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells which diminish nitric oxide (NO) by fill up the calcium/calmodulin (Ca2+/CaM) confining point of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), decrease NO generation produce endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerotic injury development. It is a cholesterol-binding layer protein associated with cell cholesterol transport and also shows cardioprotective action through ischemic preconditioning (IPC) in diabetic and postmenopausal rat heart. Additionally it is ensnared in the procedures of tumorigenesis, prostate disease, and inflammation. The present study in the paper is to explore the structural functionalities of caveolins and their contributory role in CVS disorders and various other diseases.