bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
REGULATOR OF FATTY ACID SYNTHESIS proteins regulate de novo fatty acid synthesis by modulating hetACCase distribution
Authors: Zhou Lijuan , Du Ying , Zhang Manqi , Li Jincheng , Zhao Yue , Hu Xuechun , He Kunrong , Cao Fuliang , Ye Yajin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In plants, heteromeric acetyl-CoA carboxylase (hetACCase) initiates de novo fatty acid synthesis (FAS) by generating malonyl-CoA in the first committed step of this process. hetACCase activity is precisely regulated to meet the cellular demand for acyl chains during the plant life cycle. In this study, we performed a systematic coexpression analysis of hetACCase and its regulators in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) to better understand the regulatory mechanism of hetACCase. Our analysis uncovered REGULATOR OF FATTY ACID SYNTHESIS 1 (RFS1), whose expression is positively correlated with that of other regulators of hetACCase. The RFS gene family encodes two plastid inner envelope membrane proteins with undiscovered roles. Further analysis revealed that RFS1 colocalizes and directly interacts with CARBOXYLTRANSFERASE INTERACTOR 1 (CTI1). CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockouts of RFSs exhibit enhanced hetACCase activity, higher FAS rates, and increased fatty acid contents, with particularly marked accumulation of absolute triacylglycerol levels in leaves, similar to cti mutants. The mutations of rfs and cti alter the plastid membrane distribution pattern of α-CT, leading to reduced hetACCase activity on the membrane, which could potentially be the original mechanism through which RFSs restrain hetACCase activity. Thus, we reveal a unique regulatory module that regulates de novo FAS and a genetic locus that may contribute to breeding of improved oil crops.
How well do different COVID-19 vaccines protect against different viral variants? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hoang Thi Ngoc Anh , Byrne Aisling , Quach Ha-Linh , Bannister-Tyrrell Melanie , Vogt Florian 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
While the efficacy of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines has been evaluated in numerous trials, comprehensive evidence on how protection by different vaccines has varied over time remains limited. We aimed to compare protective effects of different vaccines against different viral variants. To achieve this, we searched Medline, Cochrane Library and Embase for randomized controlled trials assessing the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines. Forest plots using Mantel–Haenszel and random-effects models were generated showing risk ratios (RRs) and 95% CIs by vaccines and variants. We included 36 studies with 90 variant-specific primary outcomes. We found a RR of 0.26 (95% CI 0.21 to 0.31) against all variants overall, with the highest protective effects against the wild-type (RR 0.13; 95% CI 0.10 to 0.18), followed by Alpha (RR 0.26; 95% CI 0.18 to 0.36), Gamma (RR 0.34; 95% CI 0.21 to 0.55), Delta (RR 0.39; 95% CI 0.28 to 0.56) and Beta (RR 0.49; 95% CI 0.40 to 0.62) variants. Nucleic acid vaccines showed the highest protection levels against all variants (RR 0.11; 95% CI 0.08 to 0.15), followed by protein subunit, inactivated virus and viral vector. In conclusion, we found high but heterogenous levels of protection for most COVID-19 vaccines, with decreasing protective effects for vaccines based on traditional technologies as SARS-CoV-2 variants emerged over time. Novel nucleic acid-based vaccines offered substantially higher and more consistent protection.
Let Them Have the Cities: Inflation, Collapse, and Retreat in the Postwar Survivalist West
Authors: Hubble Miles E 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Before our contemporary label of “prepper,” and preceding the widespread adoption of “survivalist” in the late 1970s, those who sought self-sufficiency and security in remote locales of the American continent were known as “retreaters.” Anticipating catastrophes—chiefly hyperinflation, nuclear war, and urban chaos—violent enough to rend the social fabric of an increasingly decadent United States, these retreaters fled the swelling cities for the imagined security of the rural West to ride out the impending apocalypse. This article argues that one of the most salient and overlooked prime movers of the survivalist movement was a pervasive economic anxiety, metastasizing with the rampant stagflation of the 1970s. Drawing, for the first time, on twenty-five years of survivalist books, pamphlets, and newsletters, this paper shows that the secular eschatology of survivalism demands study if historians are to attain a clearer picture of the intellectual heritage of radical right millenarian visions from the late twentieth century up to the present day.
Injuries Following COVID-19 Infection in Academy-level Male Youth Soccer Players
Authors: Brougham Kyle , Warren Jonathan R. , Noe McKenna , Lee Brian R. , Margherio Shannon , Roberson James , Harvey Brian 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Injury epidemiology data are key to injury prevention strategy development. Most such data surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic compare team injury data during the pandemic to that before the pandemic; few investigate injuries by infection status and even less involve academy-level organizations. We hypothesized that in male youth developmental academy-level soccer players, the rate of injury would be higher following COVID-19 infection than in the uninfected.

Methods:
Retrospective cohort study involving 141 male youth athletes from a single midwestern US developmental soccer academy during the spring 2022 soccer season. Injury data was gathered prospectively and analyzed retrospectively. Injury rate (incidence per 1000 playing hours), type, location, severity, mechanism, and mode of play were compared between COVID-19-positive and -negative athletes.

Results:
Thirty-four (24.11%) of 141 athletes tested positive for COVID-19. Of those 34, 20 (58.8%) sustained at least 1 injury, totaling 30 injuries. Of the 107 (75.89%) uninfected athletes, 30 (28.04%) sustained at least 1 injury, totaling 37 injuries. COVID-19-positive athletes sustained injuries at higher rates (7.10, 95% CI: 4.79-10.14) than uninfected athletes (2.71, 95% CI: 1.91-3.74), with an infected to uninfected adjusted injury rate ratio of 2.08 (95% CI: 1.20-3.59, P=0.008). COVID-19 positive players were 2.78 times more likely to sustain an injury following their infection than uninfected players (95% CI: 1.14-6.96, P=0.026). There were no significant differences in injury type (P=0.515), location (P=0.319), severity (P=0.679), mechanism (P=0.225), or mode of play (P=0.557) between groups.

Conclusions:
Among academy-level youth soccer athletes, injury rate increased significantly after COVID-19 infection; injury patterns were similar.

Level of Evidence:
II – Retrospective cohort study
High Preoperative Expectations May Not Need to be Feared
Authors: Wick Joseph , Jelen Preston , Wick Katherine , Dawson John , Swanberg Berit , Mueller Benjamin , Ramos Omar , Schwender James , Shafa Eiman , Mehbod Amir , Beauchamp Eduardo , Mullaney Kevin , Pinto Manuel , Perra Joseph , Carlson Bayard , Garvey Timothy A. 
Published: November 2024

Study Design.
Retrospective study design.

Objective.
Evaluate correlations between preoperative expectations for pain improvement and 12-month functional outcomes and satisfaction following 1–2-level primary anterior cervical surgery.

Summary of Background Data.
Limited data exists evaluating correlations between patients’ preoperative expectations for pain relief and subsequent functional and satisfaction outcomes following primary anterior cervical surgery. Understanding correlations between expectations and outcomes may help identify patients most likely to benefit from surgery.

Materials and Methods.
Patients who underwent 1–2-level primary anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) or cervical disc arthroplasty for degenerative disease between 2016 and 2021 were included. All patients had 12-month Neck Disability Index (NDI) data. Preoperative expectations for pain relief were collected at the initial clinic visit using 5-point Likert scales. Preoperative and 12-month postoperative satisfaction were recorded using 7-point Likert scales. Covariates include age, sex, procedure type, smoking status, opioid use, worker’s compensation/litigation, body mass index, and indication (radiculopathy vs. myelopathy). Linear regression models were constructed to assess the 12-month NDI change score versus pain relief expectations. Additional regression models assessed expectations versus achievement of minimum clinically important difference at 3 and 12 months and satisfaction at 12 months.

Results.
198 ACDF (56.1% female, median age 57) and 52 CDR patients (55.8% female, median age 51) were included. Regression models found no significant correlations between pain relief expectations and degree of NDI score improvement at the 12-month postoperative timepoint or minimum clinically important difference achievement at the 3- and 12-month postoperative timepoints. There was no association between preoperative expectations and 12-month satisfaction. However, greater preoperative dissatisfaction was significantly associated with greater 12-month improvement in NDI score.

Conclusion.
Preoperative pain relief expectations were not associated with functional outcomes or satisfaction following 1–2 level primary ACDF or CDR at 12-month follow-up. Patients’ dissatisfaction with their preoperative spinal condition was significantly associated with greater 12-month NDI improvement. Assessing preoperative satisfaction may help identify those most likely to benefit from surgery.
Atezolizumab/bevacizumab and lenvatinib for hepatocellular carcinoma: A comparative analysis in a European real-world cohort
Authors: de Castro Tiago , Welland Sabrina , Jochheim Leonie , Leyh Cathrine , Shmanko Kateryna , Finkelmeier Fabian , Jeliazkova Petia , Jefremow Andre , Gonzalez-Carmona Maria A. , Kandulski Arne , Roessler Daniel , Ben Khaled Najib , Enssle Stefan , Venerito Marino , Fründt Thorben W. , Schultheiß Michael , Djanani Angela , Pangerl Maria , Maieron Andreas , Wirth Thomas C. , Marquardt Jens U. , Greil Richard , Fricke Christina , Günther Rainer , Schmiderer Andreas , Bettinger Dominik , Wege Henning , Scheiner Bernhard , Müller Martina , Strassburg Christian P. , Siebler Jürgen , Ehmer Ursula , Waidmann Oliver , Weinmann Arndt , Pinter Matthias , Lange Christian M. , Saborowski Anna , Vogel Arndt 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Immunotherapy-based combinations are currently the standard of care in the systemic treatment of patients with HCC. Recent studies have reported unexpectedly long survival with lenvatinib (LEN), supporting its use in first-line treatment for HCC. This study aims to compare the real-world effectiveness of LEN to atezolizumab/bevacizumab (AZ/BV).

Methods:
A retrospective analysis was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of frontline AZ/BV or LEN therapy in patients with advanced HCC across 18 university hospitals in Europe.

Results:
The study included 412 patients (AZ/BV: n=207; LEN: n=205). Baseline characteristics were comparable between the 2 treatment groups. However, patients treated with AZ/BV had a significantly longer median progression-free survival compared to those receiving LEN. The risk of hepatic decompensation was significantly higher in patients with impaired baseline liver function (albumin-bilirubin [ALBI] grade 2) treated with AZ/BV compared to those with preserved liver function. Patients with alcohol-associated liver disease had poorer baseline liver function compared to other etiologies and exhibited a worse outcome under AZ/BV.

Conclusions:
In this real-world cohort, survival rates were similar between patients treated with LEN and those treated with AZ/BV, confirming that both are viable first-line options for HCC. The increased risk of hepatic decompensation in patients treated with AZ/BV who have impaired baseline liver function underscores the need for careful monitoring. Future trials should aim to distinguish more clearly between metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease and alcohol-associated liver disease.
Methods for Developing Neuroscience Nursing Clinical Practice Guidelines
Authors: Censullo Joan L. , Tran Deborah S. , Starkweather Angela 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) and evidence-based clinical reviews help guide nursing practice. The American Association of Neuroscience Nurses (AANN) has published guidelines for more than 25 years. METHODS: The AANN CPGs are developed using predefined search terms based on PICO (population, intervention, comparison, outcome) questions formulated a priori followed by evaluation of the evidence and creation of recommendations using methodologies of the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation. DISCUSSION: Neuroscience nurses provide care for a specialized population with unique nursing care considerations. The CPG series has been rigorously developed to provide relevant context and practice recommendations to improve this care. CONCLUSION: This article establishes the methodology by which AANN CPGs are developed.
Effectiveness of Delayed First Baths on Transepidermal Water Loss in Late Preterm Infants
Authors: Taşdemir Halil İ. , Efe Emine 
Published: November 2024

Purpose: This study evaluates whether delaying the first bath affects late preterm infants’ skin barriers, body temperatures, and comfort. Background: Late preterm infants’ skin is drier and has a limited water retention capacity compared to term infants and adults. It is important to determine timing of care for this population with limited competencies. Methods: A two-arm, three-center, and single- and evaluator-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted. The study is based on the CONSORT guidelines. The participants were recruited from September 2020 to September 2021. The first baths of participants in the intervention group were postponed until 48 hours after birth. Outcomes were measured before bathing and 1, 10, and 30 minutes after bathing. Results: There was a statistically significant interaction between the groups and times for transepidermal water loss, body temperature, and comfort. The intervention group had a lower transepidermal water loss value at follow-up than the control group in the forearm and sternum. The control group had lower mean body temperatures and comfort levels. Conclusion: When the first bathing of a late preterm infant is postponed by a minimum of 48 hours, it reduces damage to the skin barrier, body temperature is maintained, and the experience is more comfortable. Therefore, the first bath should be delayed for at least 48 hours after birth. Implications for practice and research: The study can guide nurses to eliminate the uncertainty of the first bath applied for late preterm infants with a fragile structure in the neonatal intensive care setting and to eliminate the differences between clinics.
The HALP score predicts no-reflow phenomenon and long-term prognosis in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction after primary percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Liu Huiliang , Zhang Feifei , Li Yingxiao , Liu Litian , Song Xuelian , Wang Jiaqi , Dang Yi , Qi Xiaoyong 
Published: November 2024

Introduction and objective
Despite recent advances in the management of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), the clinical outcome of some patients is still unsatisfactory. Therefore, early evaluation to identify high-risk individuals in STEMI patients is essential. The hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet (HALP) score, as a new indicator that can reflect both nutritional status and inflammatory state of the body, can provide prognostic information. In this context, the present study was designed to investigate the relationship between HALP scores assessed at admission and no-reflow as well as long-term outcomes in patients with STEMI.

Material and methods
A total of 1040 consecutive STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI were enrolled in this retrospective study. According to the best cutoff value of HALP score of 40.11, the study samples were divided into two groups. The long-term prognosis was followed up by telephone.

Results
Long-term mortality was significantly higher in patients with HALP scores lower than 40.11 than in those higher than 40.11. The optimal cutoff value of HALP score for predicting no-reflow was 41.38, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.727. The best cutoff value of HALP score for predicting major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) was 40.11, the AUC was 0.763. The incidence of MACE and all-cause mortality was higher in the HALP score <40.11 group.

Conclusion
HALP score can independently predict the development of no-reflow and long-term mortality in STEMI patients undergoing PCI.
Prevalence and Pathophysiology of Loose Stools and Their Impact on Clinical Severity and Quality of Life in Women With Fecal Incontinence
Authors: Raventós Alba , Carrión Silvia , Españó Daniel , Bascompte Cristina , Karunaratne Tennekoon Buddhika , Clavé Pere , Mundet Lluís 
Published: November 2024

Objective:
To compare the impact of fecal consistency with anorectal sphincter dysfunctions on clinical severity and quality of life (QoL) in women with fecal incontinence (FI).

Background:
FI affects up to 24% of middle-aged women, significantly impacting their QoL. Pathophysiological studies have focused more on sphincter and anorectal dysfunctions than on the role of fecal consistency.

Patients and Methods:
A cross-sectional observational study evaluating anorectal physiology, neurophysiology, and fecal consistency with regard to clinical severity and QoL. Patients with a Bristol Stool Chart (BSC) score of 5 or more (BSC ≥5) underwent a breath test to detect bacterial overgrowth (small intestinal bacterial overgrowth), lactose or fructose/sorbitol malabsorption, and/or a cholestyramine test to detect bile acid malabsorption. We compared anorectal physiology, clinical severity, and QoL of those with BSC ≥5 with BSC <5.

Results:
The study included 150 women with an average age of 64.81 ± 11.96. FI types varied: 64.38% had urge FI, 15.06% had passive FI, and 19.18% had both. Among them, 56.2% had BSC ≥5, linked to bile acid malabsorption (20.5%), lactose malabsorption (17.9%), small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (14.3%), and fructose/sorbitol malabsorption (14.3%). Anorectal dysfunctions were highly prevalent, with 49.1% showing external anal sphincter insufficiency, 9.8% internal, and 34.7% both. Those with BSC ≥5 experienced significantly worse clinical severity and QoL (St. Mark 17.3 ± 2.69 vs 12.9 ± 3.27), and more pronounced issues in Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life Scale dimensions of lifestyle, coping, depression, and EuroQol 5-dimension of anxiety/depression and pain/discomfort.

Conclusions:
Fecal consistency of BSC ≥5 significantly worsens clinical severity and QoL in women with FI. Specific diagnostic and therapeutic approaches addressing loose stools are needed before any rehabilitation treatment.
Rigid versus flexible bronchoscopy in interventional pulmonology: perspective from the master clinicians
Authors: Aravena Carlos , Mehta Atul C. 
Published: November 2024

Purpose of review
The review explores the evolving roles and comparative effectiveness of rigid versus flexible bronchoscopy in interventional pulmonology. This topic is particularly timely due to recent technological advancements and the growing body of literature highlighting the strengths and limitations of each technique.

Recent findings
Recent literature reveals significant advancements in rigid and flexible bronchoscopy, with studies comparing their efficacy, safety profiles, and clinical outcomes. Key themes include improved diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities, procedural innovations, and patient-centered outcomes.

Summary
While rigid and flexible bronchoscopies have distinct advantages, their complementary use can enhance patient care. Future research should focus on developing minimally invasive, high-precision bronchoscopic tools, comparative studies to inform evidence-based practice, exploring hybrid approaches that combine the strengths of both techniques, and enhancing patient-centered outcomes through improved procedural protocols, education, and technologies.
Breast tumor with giant borderline phyllodes: Case report and literature review
Authors: Zhang Gongyin , Zeng Jinsheng , Li Changwang , Wei Changlong 
Published: November 2024

Rationale:
Giant phyllodes tumors are rare fibroepithelial neoplasms, accounting for less than 1% of all primary breast tumors. Their main features are a single-round mass, progressive enlargement, and a high rate of local recurrence. A phyllodes tumor measuring more than 10 cm in diameter is usually defined as a “giant” tumor. Surgery remains the primary treatment option, although the efficacy of adjuvant radiotherapy needs to be confirmed by further studies.

Patient concerns:
We report a rare case involving a 38-year-old woman who presented, in May 2022, with a large, borderline lobulated tumor in her left breast, measuring 35 cm × 30 cm. She needed to physically support the mass when performing any activity, and even slight physical activity elevated her heart rate to 130 beats/min. In addition, the patient was unable to lie flat and could only sleep on her left side.

Diagnoses:
Breast B-ultrasound examination and chest computed tomography scans showed the possibility of inflammatory changes. Ultrasound-guided pathologic examination of the mass could not determine the type of mass. Immunofluorescence and bacterial culture of the aspirated fluid were also negative, ruling out the possibility of infection. A mastectomy was then performed to clarify the diagnosis.

Interventions:
The tumor was completely removed, and the patient did not receive any adjuvant therapy after surgery.

Outcomes:
The patient recovered smoothly. Unfortunately, she experienced a recurrence of the left breast mass six months later, which progressed to malignancy.

Lessons:
The most effective treatment for phyllodes tumors of breast is wide local excision with clean margins greater than 1 cm. Simple mastectomy is recommended for borderline or malignant cases, especially when it is difficult to achieve reliable negative margins. Although adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy after surgery are not generally recommended as first-line treatments, it raises the question of whether the recurrence could have been delayed if the patient had received postoperative radiation therapy.
Primary pulmonary alveolar soft part sarcoma with ASPSCR1–TFE3 gene fusion: Case report and literature review
Authors: Hu Xijian , Chai Jing , Zhang Bin , Hu Chengguang 
Published: November 2024

Rationale:
Primary pulmonary alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) is an extremely rare disease characterized by a specific genetic abnormality – the ASPSCR1-TFE3 gene fusion.

Patient concerns:
This study presented a 27-year-old male patient who experienced persistent chest tightness for over 6 months.

Diagnoses:
The computed tomography (CT) scan and enhanced CT scan revealed a mass in the medial segment of the right middle lobe of his lung. The patients then underwent further diagnosis. Pathological examination showed the tumor to be consisting of polygonal cells with abundant eosinophilic or transparent cytoplasm arranged in nests. Next-generation sequencing reported ASPSCR1-TFE3 gene fusion, confirming the final diagnosis of primary pulmonary ASPS. Regular follow-ups of 12 months showed no signs of tumor recurrence.

Interventions:
The patients underwent the medial segment resection of the right middle lobe for treatment.

Outcomes:
A CT examination 3 months after the operation showed that the patient had improved. The last review showed no recurrence or metastasis.

Lessons:
This case report highlights the importance of detailed diagnosis, prompt treatment, and close monitoring of patients with ASPS.