bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Popliteal Pterygium Syndrome: A Case Report Highlighting Challenges and Surgical Interventions in a Resource-limited Setting
Authors: Shanko Nagasa Wirtu , Eshete Mekonen , Hussen Reyad Adem , Chafamo Eyob Zergaw , Keno Senayad Banti 
Published: November 2024

Summary:
Popliteal pterygium syndrome is a rare congenital disorder characterized by facial, genitourinary, and musculoskeletal anomalies, with popliteal webbing being notably challenging. A 4-year-old boy presented with progressive limping, cleft palate, and genital malformations. He had no follow-up care after an intraoral band excision at 15 days old. The boy underwent surgery for left-sided popliteal webbing, followed by genital and cleft palate repair. A modified jumping man Z-plasty flap was used for the popliteal webbing, followed by splinting. Subsequent follow-ups showed no complications. Enhancing care in resource-constrained settings requires addressing challenges such as delayed interventions due to late follow-up, limited awareness between communities and healthcare professionals, social stigma, and inadequate healthcare understanding. These obstacles hinder timely diagnosis and intervention, underscoring the need for increased awareness and effective early intervention strategies. Early detection and parental counseling are critical in managing popliteal pterygium syndrome. Timely surgical planning, including addressing orofacial and genital deformities and using Z-plasty for webbing release, is essential. Postoperative splinting significantly improves outcomes.
Outcome and management of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who achieved a complete response to immunotherapy-based systemic therapy
Authors: Scheiner Bernhard , Kang Beodeul , Balcar Lorenz , Radu Iuliana-Pompilia , Reiter Florian P. , Adžić Gordan , Guo Jiang , Gao Xu , Yuan Xiao , Cheng Long , Gorgulho Joao , Schultheiss Michael , Peeters Frederik , Hucke Florian , Ben Khaled Najib , Piseddu Ignazio , Philipp Alexander , Sinner Friedrich , D’Alessio Antonio , Pomej Katharina , Saborowski Anna , Bathon Melanie , Schwacha-Eipper Birgit , Zarka Valentina , Lampichler Katharina , Nishida Naoshi , Lee Pei-Chang , Krall Anja , Saeed Anwaar , Himmelsbach Vera , Tesini Giulia , Huang Yi-Hsiang , Vivaldi Caterina , Masi Gianluca , Vogel Arndt , Schulze Kornelius , Trauner Michael , Djanani Angela , Stauber Rudolf , Kudo Masatoshi , Parikh Neehar D. , Dufour Jean-François , Prejac Juraj , Geier Andreas , Bengsch Bertram , von Felden Johann , Venerito Marino , Weinmann Arndt , Peck-Radosavljevic Markus , Finkelmeier Fabian , Dekervel Jeroen , Ji Fanpu , Wang Hung-Wei , Rimassa Lorenza , Pinato David J. , Bouattour Mohamed , Chon Hong Jae , Pinter Matthias 
Published: November 2024

Background and Aims:
The outcome of patients with HCC who achieved complete response (CR) to immune-checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)–based systemic therapies is unclear.

Approach and Results:
Retrospective study of patients with HCC who had CR according to modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (CR-mRECIST) to ICI-based systemic therapies from 28 centers in Asia, Europe, and the United States. Of 3933 patients with HCC treated with ICI-based noncurative systemic therapies, 174 (4.4%) achieved CR-mRECIST, and 97 (2.5%) had CR according to RECISTv1.1 (CR-RECISTv1.1) as well. The mean age of the total cohort (male, 85%; Barcelona-Clinic Liver Cancer-C, 70%) was 65.9±9.8 years. The majority (83%) received ICI-based combination therapies. Median follow-up was 32.2 (95% CI: 29.9–34.4) months. One- and 3-year overall survival rates were 98% and 86%. One- and 3-year recurrence-free survival rates were excellent in patients with CR-mRECIST-only and CR-RECISTv1.1 (78% and 55%; 70% and 42%). Among patients who discontinued ICIs for reasons other than recurrence, those who received immunotherapy for ≥6 months after the first mRECIST CR had a longer recurrence-free survival than those who discontinued immunotherapy earlier (p=0.008). Of 9 patients who underwent curative surgical conversion therapy, 8 (89%) had pathological CR (CR-RECISTv1.1, n= 2/2; CR-mRECIST-only, n= 6/7).

Conclusions:
Overall survival and recurrence-free survival of patients with CR-mRECIST-only and CR-RECISTv1.1 were excellent, and 6 of 7 patients with CR-mRECIST-only who underwent surgical conversion therapy had pathological CR. Despite potential limitations, these findings support the use of mRECIST in the context of immunotherapy for clinical decision-making. When considering ICI discontinuation, treatment for at least 6 months beyond CR seems advisable.
History of Lens Care Products in Japan: Insights From Advertisements in the Journal of the Japan Contact Lens Society for 65 Years
Authors: Toshida Hiroshi , Matsuzawa Akiko , Koh Shizuka , Hori Yuichi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract:
This review examines the history of contact lens (CL) care products, particularly focusing on hard contact lenses (HCLs) like those made from polymethyl methacrylate and rigid gas permeable (RGP) materials. Although literature on CL history is extensive, there is limited information on the history of CL care products, especially in Japan. This review uses advertisements from the Journal of the Japan Contact Lens Society from 1959 to 2023 to trace the evolution of these products. The early HCL care primarily involved simple cleaning with dishwashing liquids because of the robust nature of polymethyl methacrylate lenses. Advertisements for care products became more prevalent with the introduction of RGP lenses that are more prone to dirt and deposit buildup. The first significant advertisements for HCL care products appeared in 1968, with notable products highlighting advancements in cleaning, rinsing, and storing solutions. The introduction of soft contact lenses in Japan in 1972 necessitated new care methods, such as boiling disinfection. Over the years, the market saw the introduction of various multipurpose solutions and specialized cleaning agents, although the number of advertisements for these products has declined since the late 1990s. Economic factors and changes in the CL industry have influenced the advertising trends observed in the journal. Despite the decline in market share for RGP lenses, they remain essential for specific conditions like keratoconus, some corneal disorders with irregular astigmatism, and moderate to high astigmatism. This review underscores the ongoing need for effective CL care products and the role of advertisements in documenting their history.
Quality Assurance of Depression Ratings in Psychiatric Clinical Trials
Authors: Sapko Michael T. , Kolesar Cortney , Sharp Ian R. , Javitt Jonathan C. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Extensive experience with antidepressant clinical trials indicates that interrater reliability (IRR) must be maintained to achieve reliable clinical trial results. Contract research organizations have generally accepted 6 points of rating disparity between study site raters and central “master raters” as concordant, in part because of the personnel turnover and variability within many contract research organizations. We developed and tested an “insourced” model using a small, dedicated team of rater program managers (RPMs), to determine whether 3 points of disparity could successfully be demonstrated as a feasible standard for rating concordance.

Methods
Site raters recorded and scored all Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) interviews. Audio files were independently reviewed and scored by RPMs within 24 to 48 hours. Concordance was defined as the absolute difference in MADRS total score of 3 points or less. A MADRS total score that differed by 4 or more points triggered a discussion with the site rater and additional training, as needed.

Results
In a sample of 236 ratings (58 patients), IRR between site ratings and blinded independent RPM ratings was 94.49% (223/236). The lowest concordance, 87.93%, occurred at visit 2, which was the baseline visit in the clinical trial. Concordance rates at visits 3, 4, 5, and 6 were 93.75%, 96.08%, 97.30%, and 100.00%, respectively. The absolute mean difference in MADRS rating pairs was 1.77 points (95% confidence interval: 1.58–1.95). The intraclass correlation was 0.984 and an η2 = 0.992 (F = 124.35, P < 0.0001).

Conclusions
Rigorous rater training together with real-time monitoring of site raters by RPMs can achieve a high degree of IRR on the MADRS.
Potential of Klotho as a Biomarker for Overwork
Authors: Zhu Ling-Na , Xiang Dong-Lin , Zuo Jiang-Cheng , Wang Guang-Yong , Xiao Ning 
Published: November 2024

Objective
This study evaluates the utility of serum s-αKlotho levels as a quantifiable biomarker for overwork.

Methods
Frontline medical workers aged 20–55 years from Yiling People's Hospital of Yichang were recruited. Criteria included nonsmokers, non-heavy drinkers, no chronic medication use, and no acute illnesses recently. Participants worked over 10 hours per day, 60 hours weekly, and had at least 3 years of experience. A control group was matched except for work conditions. Data were collected through surveys, and serum levels were measured.

Results
Significant differences in serum Klotho were found between overwork and control groups. The overwork group had higher median s-αKlotho levels (49.99 pg/mL) compared to controls (27.88 pg/mL).

Conclusion
Overworked medical workers exhibited elevated serum s-αKlotho, suggesting s-αKlotho as a potential biomarker for overwork. Future research should use multicenter designs with larger samples to validate findings.
Evaluating Injury and Illness Trends in Federal and Postal Service Employees Using Workers’ Compensation Claims Data 2007–2022
Authors: Wurzelbacher Steven J. , Krieg Edward F. , Meyers Alysha R. , Bushnell Paul T. , Van Nguyen Nhut , Tseng Chih-Yu 
Published: November 2024

Objective
The purpose of this study was to understand federal workplace injury/illness trends.

Methods
Over 1.5 million federal and Postal Service employee workers’ compensation (WC) claims from 2007 to 2022 were linked to employment data and analyzed.

Results
From 2007 to 2019, falls, slips, trips represented the highest proportion of claims (30.7%), followed by overexertion and bodily reaction (24.4%), unclassified (16.4%), contact with objects and equipment (13.1%), violence and other injuries by persons or animals (8.8%), transportation incidents (4.0%), exposure to harmful substances or environments (2.5%), and fires and explosions (0.24%). From 2020 to 2022, COVID-19 drove a major shift to exposure to harmful substances or environments representing the highest proportion of claims (44.3%).

Conclusions
Claims data represent a potentially rich data source that employing agencies can use to focus prevention and treatment of injury/illness.
Prospective Associations Between Organizational Changes and Health Outcomes Among French Employees Who Remained in Employment
Authors: Niedhammer Isabelle , Bertrais Sandrine 
Published: November 2024

Objective
This study aimed to explore the prospective associations of organizational changes with health outcomes among employees who remained in employment.

Methods
The study relied on the prospective data of the national French working conditions survey collected from employees and their employers in 2013, 2016, and 2019. The study sample included 4480 private sector employees. Organizational changes were assessed by the employers. The two health outcomes, collected from the employees, were psychological well-being and self-reported health. The prospective associations between organizational changes and health outcomes were studied using multilevel mixed-effects linear and robust Poisson regression models.

Results
No association was found between organizational changes and well-being and self-reported health.

Conclusions
Our study did not find significant prospective associations between organizational changes and two health outcomes among employees who remained in employment. More high-quality research is needed.
Intraoperative Electrical Stapedius Reflex Testing to Monitor Cochlear Nerve Integrity during Simultaneous Vestibular Schwannoma Resection and Cochlear Implantation
Authors: Carlson Matthew L. , Daher Ghazal S. , Khandalavala Karl R. , Lohse Christine M. , Neff Brian A. , Driscoll Colin L. W. , Peris-Celda Maria , Van Gompel Jamie J. , Link Michael J. , Saoji Aniket A. 
Published: November 2024

Objective
To compare the utility of intraoperative electrically evoked auditory brainstem response (eABR) and electrically evoked stapedial reflex testing (eSRT) for cochlear nerve integrity monitoring during simultaneous translabyrinthine resection of vestibular schwannoma (VS) and cochlear implantation.

Study design
Historical cohort study.

Setting
Tertiary academic referral center.

Patients
Eleven patients (12 cases) who underwent translabyrinthine tumor resection with simultaneous placement of a standard, unmodified cochlear implant (CI).

Intervention
A CI placed at the beginning of the operation before tumor resection to facilitate intraoperative cochlear nerve monitoring through a CI-delivered electrical stimulus.

Main outcome measure
Correlation of intraoperative monitoring outcomes with postoperative CI performance.

Results
Among the 12 cases (median age, 47 years), eABR waveforms were present at the conclusion of tumor resection in 10, including 6 that achieved open set speech perception. Of the 2 cases with negative eABR, 1 achieved open set speech perception. By contrast, of the 8 cases with a positive eSRT response, 7 achieved open set speech perception. Of the 4 cases with a negative eSRT response, none achieved open set speech perception. The 3 cases that did not receive auditory stimulation included 2 with positive and 1 with negative eABR; all 3 had a negative eSRT response.

Conclusions
Intraoperative eSRT using an unmodified CI is a promising new method for monitoring the integrity of the cochlear nerve during simultaneous VS resection. eSRT response at the conclusion of tumor resection strongly correlated with CI open set speech capacity. Although still useful, eABR was less reliable at predicting postoperative hearing outcomes in this series.
Whole lung and sequential bronchoscopic lavage for pulmonary alveolar proteinosis
Authors: Tay Chee Kiang , Kumar Anupam , Hsu Anne Ann Ling , Lee Pyng 
Published: November 2024

Purpose of review
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a diffuse lung disease that results from the accumulation of lipoproteinaceous material in the alveoli due to abnormal surfactant homeostasis. Since its introduction in the 1960s, whole lung lavage (WLL) has been the primary treatment for PAP. This review focuses on WLL, including its technique modifications, and sequential bronchoscopic lavage.

Recent findings
Autoimmune PAP, which accounts for the majority of cases, occurs when antigranulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) autoantibodies lead to the deficiency of bioavailable GM-CSF. At present, there are no international guidelines or consensus statements for PAP treatment. Traditionally, therapeutic decisions are made based on the severity and type of PAP. Despite emerging data on GM-CSF-based therapies, WLL remains a central component in the therapeutic strategy for PAP.

Summary
Although the technique of WLL has evolved over time, there is still no universally adopted, standardized protocol. However, key periprocedural aspects – such as preprocedural planning, patient evaluation, anesthetic technique, lavage protocol, and postprocedural care – remain essential to ensuring the safety and success of WLL.
Using Z Codes to Document Social Risk Factors in the Electronic Health Record
Authors: Baker Kelley M. , Hill Mary A. , Goldberg Debora G. , Kitsantas Panagiota , Miller Kristen E. , Smith Kelly M. , Hong Alicia 
Published: November 2024

Introduction:
Individual-level social risk factors have a significant impact on health. Social risks can be documented in the electronic health record using ICD-10 diagnosis codes (the “Z codes”). This study aims to summarize the literature on using Z codes to document social risks.

Methods:
A scoping review was conducted using the PubMed, Medline, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases for papers published before June 2024. Studies were included if they were published in English in peer-reviewed journals and reported a Z code utilization rate with data from the United States.

Results:
Thirty-two articles were included in the review. In studies based on patient-level data, patient counts ranged from 558 patients to 204 million, and the Z code utilization rate ranged from 0.4% to 17.6%, with a median of 1.2%. In studies that examined encounter-level data, sample sizes ranged from 19,000 to 2.1 billion encounters, and the Z code utilization rate ranged from 0.1% to 3.7%, with a median of 1.4%. The most reported Z codes were Z59 (housing and economic circumstances), Z63 (primary support group), and Z62 (upbringing). Patients with Z codes were more likely to be younger, male, non-White, seeking care in an urban teaching facility, and have higher health care costs and utilizations.

Discussion:
The use of Z codes to document social risks is low. However, the research interest in Z codes is growing, and a better understanding of Z code use is beneficial for developing strategies to increase social risk documentation, with the goal of improving health outcomes.
Using nutrition to help recovery from infections
Authors: Moura Ines B. , Buckley Anthony M. 
Published: November 2024

Purpose of review
Antibiotics are a cornerstone of modern medicine, but antibiotic consumption can have depleting effects on the gut microbiota, potentially leading to gastrointestinal symptoms and other diseases, namely Clostridioides difficile infection. Because nutrition is a major driver of gut microbiota diversity and function, here we explore the current evidence on the potential of diets in alleviate the deleterious effects of antibiotics consumed during infections.

Recent findings
Beneficial nutrients can enhance the symbiotic effect of the gut microbiota with the host, supporting anti-inflammatory responses and maintaining tight junction integrity. Short-chain fatty acids have been shown to positively affect the immune response, reducing the severity of C. difficile infection, whereas high-fibre diets have been shown to promote faster recovery of the gut microbiota after antibiotic therapy.

Summary
The role of nutrition during infection is gaining momentum, with key findings exploring the effect of some nutrients in limiting the severity of infections and helping the microbiota recover from antibiotic-induced dysbiosis. Although this field is in its infancy, these findings open the possibility of personalised nutrition as a way of restoring microbiome diversity. But more work is needed to identify the most effective types and combinations of nutrients to achieve this.
Evaluating Bias and Racism in a Risk-Factor–Based Drug Testing Policy in the Labor and Delivery Department
Authors: Malekmadani Arienne , Puglisi Leah , Starikov Roman , Terplan Mishka 
Published: November 2024

OBJECTIVE:
To assess bias in and consent before drug testing during prenatal care and birth in a hospital system with a risk-factor–based drug testing policy.

METHODS:
This retrospective cohort study included all patients who delivered in a regional hospital system from January 1, 2020, to June 1, 2022. Chart abstraction identified whether urine drug testing was performed and age, race, marital status, insurance status, ZIP code, gestational age, body mass index (BMI), and delivery mode. Propensity score matching through a pregnancy risk model was used to assess the association of race, insurance status, marital status, and median income with likelihood of testing. Data were analyzed with logistic regression. Charts of 200 randomly selected patients were also evaluated for documentation of consent, testing indication, test result, and child welfare reports.

RESULTS:
Among 20,084 patients, 1,251 (6.2%) were tested, of whom 142 (11.3%) tested positive. White patients had a higher rate of positive test results (16.6%) compared with patients of other racial groups (overall rate 11.3%). None of the patients had consent documented. The most common indication for testing was limited prenatal care (48.7%). Fewer than a third of tests (28.5%) were obtained for a medical indication. The majority (67.9%) of positive results were reported to child welfare services.

CONCLUSION:
Risk-factor–based toxicology policies disproportionately target Black, low-income, single, publicly insured, and uninsured patients. Patients are typically not consented; testing is infrequently obtained for medical indications; and reports to child welfare services based on positive test results are common.
Midluteal Serum Estradiol Levels Are Associated With Live Birth Rates in Hormone Replacement Therapy Frozen Embryo Transfer Cycles: A Cohort Study
Authors: Alsbjerg Birgit , Jensen Mette Brix , Elbaek Helle Olesen , Laursen Rita , Povlsen Betina Boel , Anderson Richard , Yarali Harkan , Humaidan Peter 
Published: November 2024

(Abstracted from Fertil Steril 2024;121:1000–1009)
In hormone replacement therapy frozen embryo transfer cycles used in fertility treatment, estradiol is used to stimulate the development of the endometrium to prepare for implantation. Ideal estradiol levels before implantation have yet to be determined, but recent studies have shown that live birth rates are higher when estradiol levels peak between 300 and 500 pg/mL.
Extubation Failure in the PICU: A Virtual Pediatric Systems Database Study, 2017–2021
Authors: Kim Francis Y. , Soto-Campos Gerardo , Palumbo Jamie , Newth Christopher J.L. , Rice Tom B. 
Published: November 2024

Objectives:
Extubation failure (EF) in PICU patients is reintubation within 48, 72, or 96 hours of planned extubation (EF48, EF72, and EF96, respectively). Standardized sedation protocols, extubation readiness testing, and noninvasive respiratory support are used to improve efficient liberation from mechanical ventilation (MV). We therefore aimed to review EF rates, time to failure, and the use of noninvasive respiratory support after extubation, 2017–2021.

Design:
Retrospective analysis of patients admitted to PICUs contributing to the Virtual Pediatric Systems (VPS, LLC) database, 2017–2021.

Setting:
One hundred thirty-six participating PICUs.

Patients:
All patients admitted to participating PICUs between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2021, who had MV and met inclusion criteria for planned extubation.

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
There were 111,229 planned extubations with 5,143 reintubations within 48 hours. The EF48, EF72, and EF96 rates were 4.6%, 5.3%, and 5.8%, respectively. Higher rates of EF were associated with age younger than 6 months, underlying genetic conditions, medical comorbidities, or cardiac surgery. Failed extubation was also associated with higher Pediatric Risk of Mortality III scores, longer duration of MV, and longer PICU and hospital lengths of stay. From 2017 to 2021, there was an increase in the use of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy after extubation from 16.6% to 20.2%.

Conclusions:
In the VPS 2017–2021 dataset, we have found that the overall EF rates (EF48–EF96) have improved over this 5-year period. We are not able to assess the clinical benefit of this change, but it is evident that over the same period, there has been a concomitant increase in the use of postextubation noninvasive respiratory support. Further work is needed to look at the interaction of these effects in contemporary PICU practice.