bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self‐healing behaviors of sulfobetaine polyacrylamide/chromium gel decided by viscosity and chemical compositions
Authors: Shi Weiguang , Lu Xiaoyi , Qing Hongxia , Liu Xiangbin , Zhou Wanfu , Wang Xin , Wang Xiaofeng , Li Benxian , Liu Xiaoyang , Wang Jun 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTThe self‐healing behaviors of sulfobetaine amphoteric polyacrylamide/chromium (SPAM/Cr) gel are investigated. The role of chemical composition, including different types of polyacrylamide, acid, and sodium sulfate, in the gel synthesis process as well as the gel's self‐healing ability are studied and compared. It is found that the chemical structure with electrostatic discharge repulsion and hydrophobic interaction of amphoteric polyacrylamide play the key roles in the gelation and self‐healing processes. Furthermore, lactic acid cannot only adjust the pH value of the system, but also help to form organic chromium, which can coordinate with the COO group to form the crosslinked gel. The concentration of sodium sulfate can affect self‐healing behaviors via electric charge as well. A best concentration range of 220–1600 mg/L is found to provide the maximum self‐healing ability in the SPAM/Cr gel at 45 °C for 72 h. The oil field experimental results for the S5‐10‐P50 well group show that the viscosity recovery rate of the SPAM/Cr gel is greater than 66% after 60 days, and the average starting pressure increases about 1–3 MPa after profile control. The results demonstrate that self‐healing SPAM/Cr gel is a type of high‐efficiency gel that can be used for depth water plugging and profile control in oil fields. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2019,136, 46991.
Cobalt(II)‐Catalyzed Bis‐isocyanides Insertion Reactions with Boric Acids and Sulfonyl Azides via Nitrene Radical Coupling
Authors: Gu Zheng‐Yang , Zhang Rong , Wang Shun‐Yi , Ji Shun‐Jun 
Published: August 2018

AbstractA Co(II)‐catalyzed effective synthesis of amidinium imine derivatives from the reaction of isocyanides and boric acids using organic azides as nitrene source has been developed. This protocol provides a new, environment‐friendly and simple strategy to construct amidinium imine derivatives with a range of substrates without any oxidants and additives.
Intravenous regadenoson with aminophylline reversal is safe and equivalent to intravenous adenosine infusion for fractional flow reserve measurements
Authors: Edward Justin A. , Lee John H. , White Christopher J. , Morin Daniel P. , Bober Robert 
Published: August 2018

BackgroundSmall studies have shown that adenosine is equivalent to regadenoson when obtaining coronary fractional flow reserve (FFR) measurements. A study that also evaluates time and safety of aminophylline reversal of regadenoson effects has not been presented.HypothesisReversal of regadenoson with aminophylline is safe and equivalent to adenosine for FFR measurements.MethodsForty‐six consecutive patients who underwent clinically indicated FFRs at the time of coronary angiography were enrolled between 4/2012 and 5/2014. Each patient had FFR measured using adenosine 140 mcg/kg/min IV, and following return to baseline, FFR was measured using regadenoson 400 mcg IV, which then was reversed with aminophylline 150 mg IV. Time to baseline hemodynamics was measured. Agreement between the two assessments was compared using linear regression.ResultsFFR results were similar with both agents (R2 = 0.935, P < 0.0001). Also, using the 0.80 cutoff for significantly depressed FFR, there was no divergence regarding studies' significance. After aminophylline reversal of regadenoson, hemodynamics returned to baseline in 111 ± 71 seconds. There were no unexpected side effects or complications.ConclusionsFor FFR measurement, regadenoson and adenosine are equivalent hyperemic agents. Regadenoson with aminophylline reversal may be considered as an alternative to adenosine for FFR measurements.
Changes in mineral nutrient concentrations and C‐N metabolism in cabbage shoots and roots following macronutrient deficiency
Authors: Sung Jwakyung , Yun Hyejin , Back Seunga , Fernie Alisdair R. , Kim Yangmin X. , Lee Yejin , Lee Seulbi , Lee Deogbae , Kim Jaekwang 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe responses of metabolic networks to mineral deficiency are poorly understood. Here, we conducted a detailed, broad‐scale analysis of macronutrient concentrations and metabolic changes in the shoots and roots of cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis) plants in response to N, P, K, Ca, and Mg deficiency in nutrient solution. To standardize individual macronutrient‐deficient treatments, the concentrations of the other nutrients were maintained via substitution with other ions. Individual nutrient deficiencies had various effects on the uptake and accumulation of other mineral nutrients. Phosphorus deficiency had relatively little effect on other mineral nutrient levels compared to the other treatments. Cation deficiency had little effect on N and P concentrations but had a somewhat negative effect on the uptake or concentrations of the other nutrients. Primary metabolic pathways, such as energy production and amino acid metabolism, were greatly affected by mineral nutrient deficiency. Compared to the control treatment, soluble sugar levels increased under –N conditions and decreased under –Ca and –Mg conditions. The levels of several organic acids involved in glycolysis and the TCA cycle decreased in response to –N, –P, or –K treatment. The levels of most amino acids decreased under ‐ N treatment but increased under –P, –K, –Ca, or –Mg treatment. Mineral depletion also led to the activation of alternative biochemical pathways resulting in the production of secondary metabolites such as quinate. Notable changes in metabolic pathways under macronutrient deficiency included (1) a quantitative increase in amino acid levels in response to Mg deficiency, likely because the restriction of various pathways led to an increase in protein production and (2) a marked increase in the levels of quinate, a precursor of the shikimate pathway, following cation (K, Ca, and Mg) deficiency. These findings provide new insights into metabolic changes in cabbage in response to mineral deficiency and pave the way for studying the effects of the simultaneous deficiency of more than one macronutrient on this crop.
Familial macrothrombocytopenia due to a double mutation in cis in the alpha‐actinin 1 gene (ACTN1), previously considered to be chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura
Authors: Kanhai Danny , Mulder René , Ploos van Amstel Hans Kristian , Schutgens Roger , Lukens Michael , Tamminga Rienk Y.J. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractCongenital thrombocytopenia can easily be misdiagnosed as immune thrombocytopenic purpura, as is illustrated by this case of a woman and her two children. Doubts arose when steroid/IVIG therapy failed in the mother and the thrombocytopenia in the children persisted. By means of next‐generation sequencing, two missense variants in cis in the ACTN1 gene of the affected family members were identified, both of unknown significance. We conclude, after further analysis of these mutations with, among others, in silico prediction tools, that the thrombocytopenia has a genetic cause, in particular the ACTN1 mutations, and is not immune mediated.
A systematic review on workplace interventions to manage chronic musculoskeletal conditions
Authors: Skamagki Glykeria , King Andrew , Duncan Michael , Wåhlin Charlotte 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackground and purposeA review to investigate whether there are effective workplace interventions that manage chronic musculoskeletal disorders.MethodsThe literature search included published articles between 2008 and 2017. The databases used in this search were MEDLINE, Scopus, CINAHL, AMED, PsycINFO, Academic Search Complete, Cochrane, and PEDro. A limited search on websites for relevant grey literature was also conducted.ResultsThe review included 12 studies that investigated effectiveness of a specific strength exercise programme or interventions provided by health professionals at the workplace when compared with controls or interventions not at the workplace. Seven studies were classified as high quality (>85% of criteria met) and five studies were classified as acceptable. Studies were heterogeneous preventing a meta‐analysis. No intervention was clearly superior to another.DiscussionThere was some consistency in the results of the selected studies, suggesting that workplace interventions such as high‐intensity strength exercises and/or integrated health care can decrease pain and symptoms for employees who experience long‐term musculoskeletal disorders. However, the current research is limited.
Visualizing fungicide action: anin vivotool for rapid validation of fungicides with target location HOG pathway
Authors: Bohnert Stefan , Neumann Hendrik , Thines Eckhard , Jacob Stefan 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe mitogen‐activated protein kinase MoHog1p was fused with a green fluorescent protein (GFP) in the filamentous fungusMagnaporthe oryzae. TheMoHOG1::GFPmutant was found to be an excellent tool visualizingin vivofungicide‐dependent translocation of MoHog1p into the nucleus. Validation of pathway specificity was achieved by generating fluorescence‐labelled MoHog1p in theΔMohik1‘loss of function’ mutant strain.RESULTSGFP‐labelled MoHog1p expressed in the wildtype and inΔMohik1demonstrates that fludioxonil is acting on the HOG pathway and even more precisely that fungicide action is dependent on the group III histidine kinase MoHik1p. GFP‐tagged MoHog1p translocated into the nucleus upon fungicide treatment in theMoHOG1::GFPmutant within seconds, but did not do so in theΔMohik1/HOG1::GFPmutant.CONCLUSIONHere, we developed a rapidin vivotool for fluorescent‐based validation of fungicides targeting the HOG‐signaling pathway. Furthermore, using the fluorescent mutants generated in this study, we are able to visualize that fungicide action is dependent on the histidine kinase MoHik1p but operates in a different mechanism of pathway activation compared to osmotic stress. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Chemomechanical models for soft tissues based on the reconciliation of porous media and swelling polymer theories
Authors: Stracuzzi A. , Mazza E. , Ehret A. E. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe interstitial fluid plays an important role for the deformability of soft biological tissues. While its high bulk modulus is often taken as an argument for tissue incompressibility, its ability to move through the interstitial space and across the boundary permits reversible changes of tissue volume through fluid exchange with the environment, which in turn is affected by the osmotic activity of the tissue constituents. Such coupled phenomena of fluid flow and deformation are characteristic both for hydrated biological tissues and swelling polymers, typically treated within the theory of porous media and chemoelasticity, respectively. In this contribution, the two theories are reconciled for biphasic materials with incompressible constituents and an inviscid liquid phase. Based on this analogy, and starting from the chemoelastic approach, a lean theoretical framework for the modelling of biphasic chemomechanical effects in soft biological tissues is presented. It provides access to fluid flux, variations in chemical potential and osmotic pressure in addition to stress and strain in the tissue. The framework is exemplified in application to arterial tissue, modifying and complementing an established monophasic, incompressible model, and the benefits of the alternative chemomechanical representation are illustrated in numerical examples.
Outcomes Following Non‐operative Management of Thoracic and Thoracoabdominal Aneurysms
Authors: Piffaretti Gabriele , Bacuzzi Alessandro , Gattuso Andrea , Mozzetta Gaddiel , Cervarolo Maria Cristina , Dorigo Walter , Castelli Patrizio , Tozzi Matteo 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundSurgical decision making remains difficult in several patients with aneurysmal disease of the descending thoracic (DT) or thoracoabdominal (TA) aorta. Despite previous studies that have investigated aneurysms treated non‐operatively using a prospective growth analysis, completeness and accuracy of follow‐up were inconsistent. We aim to describe the survival and freedom from adverse aortic events in patients with DT and TA who did not undergo operative repair.MethodsThis is a single‐center retrospective analysis of all patients with either a descending degenerative atherosclerotic or dissection‐related DT or TA aortic lesion who were treated non‐operatively from April 2002 to December 2016. We studied patients who did not undergo operative repair of descending degenerative atherosclerotic or dissection‐related DT or TA aortic lesion. Primary end points were overall survival and freedom from aortic‐related mortality (ARM).ResultsOf the 315 patients diagnosed with DT or TA disease, 56 (18%) did not undergo surgical repair. Mean aneurysm diameter was 65 mm ± 15 (range 50–120; IQR 5.4–7.15). Extent of the aortic aneurysms was DT in 36 (11%) patients and TA in 20 (6%). Median duration of follow‐up was 12 months (range 1–108; IQR 3–36). Over the course of the study, 41 (73%) patients died for an overall survival rate of 53% ± 7 at 1 year (95% CI 40–65) and 23% ± 7 at 3 year (95% CI 17–42.5). Aortic‐related mortality was 27% (n = 15), significantly higher in patients with aneurysms ≥ 60 mm [n = 13, (39%) vs. n = 2, (9%); P = 0.025; OR = 5.04]. Overall, estimated freedom from ARM was 81% ± 5.5 at 1 year (95% CI 68–89) and 66.5% ± 9 at 3 year (95% CI 48–81). Only TA extent was independently associated with freedom from ARM during the follow‐up (P = 0.005; HR: 5.74; 95% CI 1.711–19.729).ConclusionsThoracoabdominal extent of the aneurysmal aortic disease is the most important predictor of ARM in unrepaired DT or TA aortic diseases. Mortality from aortic‐related events was significantly more premature than mortality from non‐aortic‐related mortality.
Single asperity friction in the wear regime
Authors: Yang Yongjian , Shi Yunfeng 
Published: August 2018

AbstractWe used molecular dynamics simulation to investigate the friction of a single asperity against a rigid substrate, while generating debris. In the low wear regime (i.e., non-linear wear rate dependence on the contact stress, via atom-by-atom attrition), the frictional stress is linearly dependent on the normal stress, without any lubrication effect from the wear debris particles. Both the slope (friction coefficient) and friction at zero normal stress depend strongly on asperity-substrate adhesion. In the high wear regime (i.e., linear wear rate dependence on the contact stress, via plastic flow), the friction-normal stress curves deviate from a linear relation merging toward plastic flow of the single asperity which is independent of the interfacial adhesion. One can further link wear and friction by considering debris generation as chemical reaction, driven by both normal and frictional forces. The coupling between wear and friction can then be quantified by a thermodynamic efficiency of the debris generation. While the efficiency is less than 5% in the low wear regime, indicating poor mechanochemical coupling, it increases with normal stress toward 50% in the high wear regime.
Visual language approach to representing KBimCode-based Korea building code sentences for automated rule checking
Authors: Kim Hayan , Lee Jin-Kook , Shin Jaeyoung , Choi Jungsik 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The Building Information Modeling (BIM) and its applications enable an automatic building permit process based on 3D building models and their associated information. A crucial part of the building permit process is the interpretation and transformation of natural language-based building regulation into a computer-readable and executable format. As other countries and their projects have developed a certain type of rule-translation methods, KBimCode, part of the KBim application series, has been developed and supported by the Korean government to ignite an automatic, BIM-based building permit system on top of the current e-submission system, which is called Seumter. The rule translation process usually employs a computer hard-coded approach because of its ease of implementation, and there have been advances in making the computer understand the natural language-based building regulations using parametric input tables and script languages. This project includes a step for developing a logic rule-based approach for translating natural language into computer-executable code. However, the main contribution of this study is the introduction of an approach to represent such text-based regulations using visual language for novice programmers, architects, and rule reviewers. This paper describes a KBimCode visual language that is easy-to-write and intuitive because it uses visual symbols instead of textual coding.
Highlights KBVL is an approach to computer-readable building code in visual form. KBVL supports easy-to-make rules for complicated building design rules. This paper demonstrates KBVL using KBimCode for Korean Building permit requirements.
Knowing what you have: the road to effective data discovery
Authors: Mansfield-Devine Steve 
Published: August 2018

It's hard to keep data secure when you're not sure what information you have. While your databases might be neatly ordered and well understood, much of the information washing around in organisations is likely to be in the form of unstructured data – emails, PDFs, word processor and spreadsheet files and many other data types in a wide variety of formats. In this interview, Colin Tankard, managing director of Digital Pathways, explains the security challenge posed by this ad hoc information and what you can do about it. It's hard to keep data secure when you're not sure what information you have. While your databases might be neatly ordered and well understood, much of the information washing around in organisations is likely to be in the form of unstructured data – emails, PDFs, word processor and spreadsheet files and many other data types in a wide variety of formats. In this interview, Colin Tankard of Digital Pathways explains the security challenge posed by this ad hoc information and what you can do about it.
Intrathecal delivery of human ESC-derived mesenchymal stem cell spheres promotes recovery of a primate multiple sclerosis model
Authors: Yan Li , Jiang Bin , Niu Yuyu , Wang Hongxuan , Li Enqin , Yan Yaping , Sun Huiyan , Duan Yanchao , Chang Shaohui , Chen Guokai , Ji Weizhi , Xu Ren-He , Si Wei 
Published: August 2018

AbstractNonhuman primate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a valuable model for multiple sclerosis, an inflammatory demyelinating disease in the central nervous system (CNS). Human embryonic stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells (EMSC) are effective in treating murine EAE. Yet, it remains unknown whether the EMSC efficacy is translatable to humans. Here we induced a primate EAE model in cynomolgus monkeys and delivered EMSC in spheres (EMSCsp) to preserve the cell viability during long-distance transportation. EMSCsp intrathecally injected into the CNS, remarkably reduced the clinical symptoms, brain lesions, and neuronal demyelination in the EAE monkeys during a 3-month observation. Whereas, symptoms in the vehicle control-injected EAE monkey remained and reduced slowly and MRI lesions in brain expanded. Moreover, EMSC could transdifferentiate into neural cells in vivo in the CNS of the treated animals. Supporting evidence demonstrated that EMSCsp cells cultured in cerebrospinal fluid from the EAE monkeys largely converted to neural cells with elevated expression of genes for neuronal markers, neurotrophic factors, and neuronal myelination. Thus, this study demonstrates that EMSCsp injected directly into the CNS, can attenuate the disease progression in the primate EAE model, highly encouraging for clinical translation.
Formal group insertion into aryl C‒N bonds through an aromaticity destruction-reconstruction process
Authors: Han Dandan , He Qiuqin , Fan Renhua 
Published: August 2018

AbstractGiven the abundance and the ready availability of anilines, the selective insertion of atoms into the aryl carbon–nitrogen bonds will be an appealing route for the synthesis of nitrogen-containing aromatic molecules. However, because aryl carbon–nitrogen bonds are particularly inert, anilines are normally activated by conversion to more reactive intermediates such as aryldiazonium salts to achieve functionalization of the aryl carbon–nitrogen bonds, but the nitrogen atom is usually not incorporated into products, instead being discarded. The selective insertion of groups into aryl carbon–nitrogen bonds remains an elusive challenge and an unmet need in reaction design. Here we show an aromaticity destruction-reconstruction process that selectively inserts a trimethylenemethane (TMM) group into the aromatic carbon–nitrogen bond of anilines concomitant with a benzylic carbon–hydrogen bond functionalization. This process provides a transformative mode for anilines, and the insertion products are versatile precursor to various nitrogen-containing aromatic molecules through simple conversions.
Insights from 200+ years of personalized learning
Authors: Dockterman David 
Published: August 2018

AbstractCurrent initiatives to personalize learning in schools, while seen as a contemporary reform, actually continue a 200+ year struggle to provide scalable, mass, public education that also addresses the variable needs of individual learners. Indeed, some of the rhetoric and approaches reformers are touting today sound very familiar in this historical context. What, if anything, is different this time? In this paper I provide a brief overview of historical efforts to create a scaled system of education for all children that also acknowledged individual learner variability. Through this overview I seek patterns and insights to inform and guide contemporary efforts in personalized learning.
Sodium Reduction, miRNA Profiling and CVD Risk in Untreated Hypertensives: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Chen Li , He Feng J. , Dong Yanbin , Huang Ying , Harshfield Gregory A. , Zhu Haidong 
Published: August 2018

AbstractSodium reduction decreases blood pressure (BP) and cardiovascular mortality. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well understood. We tested the hypothesis that reduction of sodium intake would change miRNA expression in hypertensive patients, and those changes would be associated with improved cardiovascular phenotypes. A whole genome RNA sequencing was performed in paired serum samples collected at the end of usual sodium intake and reduced sodium intake periods from 10 (age 56.8 ± 8.9) untreated black male hypertensives, selected from a randomized crossover trial of sodium reduction as the discovery cohort. Validation was carried out by the PCR Serum/Plasma Focus panel profiling in paired samples in all 64 (50% males, age 50.2 ± 9.5) untreated black hypertensives from the same trial. Fifteen respondent miRNAs were identified in the discovery stage. miR-143-3p was replicated. Sodium reduction up-regulated miR-143-3p. The increase in miR-143-3p was associated with the reduction of BP and arterial stiffness and the increase in skin capillary density. In conclusion, dietary sodium reduction alters circulating miRNA expressions, and those miRNA changes are associated with reduced BP and improved arterial compliance in untreated black hypertensives, suggesting that miRNA regulation may be one of the underlying mechanisms that dietary sodium regulates cardiovascular health.