bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phenotypic and transcriptomic responses of two Nilaparvata lugens populations to the Mudgo rice containing Bph1
Authors: Wan Pin-Jun , Zhou Ruo-Nan , Nanda Satyabrata , He Jia-Chun , Yuan San-Yue , Wang Wei-Xia , Lai Feng-Xiang , Fu Qiang 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTheBph1gene was the first reported brown planthopper (BPH,Nilaparvata lugens) resistance gene in Mudgo rice and was widely used as a commercial cultivar for controlling BPH infestations. However, rapid adaptations of BPH on the Mudgo rice resulted in its resistance breakdown and the emergence of virulent BPH populations. Thus, specific BPH populations and rice varieties can serve as good model systems for studying the roles of different bio-compounds and proteins in the insect-plant interactions. Although our understandings have been improved on the complexity of BPH and rice interactions, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here we analyzed the feeding performances and the transcriptomic responses of two BPH populations (Mugdo-BPH and TN1-BPH) during compatible (Mudog-BPH feeding on Mudgo rice) and incompatible (TN1-BPH feeding on Mudgo rice) interactions. The electrical penetration graph (EPG) results indicated that the BPH feeding and performances during the incompatible interaction are significantly affected in terms of decreased honeydew, loss of weight, decreased phloem sap ingestion (N4 waveform), but increased non-penetration (NP waveform) phase. Abundance of glucose and trehalose was reduced in BPH during the incompatible interaction. Transcriptomic surveys of insects in both interactions revealed that genes involved in cuticle formation, detoxification, metabolite transport, digestion, RNA processing, lipid or fatty acid metabolism, and proteolysis were significantly down-regulated during the incompatible interaction, whereas genes involved in insulin signaling were significantly upregulated. Knockdown of four genes, including the sugar transporterNlST45, the serine and arginine-rich proteinNlSRp54, the cytochrome P450 geneNlCYP6AY1, and the cuticle proteinNlCPR70through RNA-interference revealed thess genes are important for BPH survival. Overall, the results of this study will be helpful for the future researches on BPH virulence shifts.
On the limits of Reactive-Spark-Plasma Sintering to prepare magnetically enhanced nanostructured ceramics: the case of the CoFe2O4-NiO system
Authors: Franceschin Giulia , Gaudisson Thomas , Menguy Nicolas , Valenzuela Raul , Mazaleyrat Frederic , Ammar Souad 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMagnetic materials are crucial for the efficiency of the conversion-storage-transport-reconversion energy chain, and the enhancement of their performance has an important impact on technological development. The present work explores the possibility of preparing hetero-nano-structured ceramics based on magnetic oxides, by coupling a ferrimagnetic phase (F) with an antiferromagnetic one (AF) on the nanometric scale. The field-assisted sintering technique or SPS (Spark-Plasma Sintering), adopted at this purpose, ensures the preservation of nano-sized crystals within the final solid structure. The aim is to establish how exchange bias may affect the resulting nano-consolidates and to investigate the potential of this process to increase the total magnetic anisotropy of the CoFe2O4 grains, and thus their coercive field, while keeping the saturation magnetization the same. The structure, microstructure and magnetic properties of the ceramics obtained were studied by several techniques. The results show that the sintering process, along with its typical reductive atmosphere, modifies the composition of the constituents. A new metallic phase appears as a consequence of the reciprocal diffusion of Co and Ni cations, leading to a change in the amount and structure of the AF phase. We propose a schematic representation of the atomic movements that hinder an exchange bias effect between the F and AF phases.
Coronary artery calcification score in migraine patients
Authors: Filippopulos Filipp M. , Schoeberl Florian , Becker Hans-Christoph , Becker-Bense Sandra , Eren Ozan , Straube Andreas , Becker Alexander 
Published: October 2019

AbstractEpidemiological studies have shown an increased risk of cardiovascular events in migraineurs. The pathophysiological mechanisms of this observation remain largely unknown. Recent genetic and epidemiologic studies suggest, that atherosclerosis might be the overlapping pathophysiological mechanism in migraine and coronary heart disease. The aim of the present study was to evaluate if the increased cardiovascular risk in migraineurs is attributed to an increased coronary artery calcification. For this the coronary artery calcium score was assessed by computed tomography of the heart in 1.437 patients of which 337 were migraineurs. All patients had a similar cardiovascular risk profile, so that the risk for coronary calcifications could be considered similar between migraineurs and non-migraineurs. The results showed no significant differences in the amount of coronary calcifications in patients with or without migraine. This suggests that a more pronounced coronary artery calcification, as a surrogate marker of coronary atherosclerosis, does not underlie the increased cardiovascular risk in migraineurs. A distinct common pathophysiological mechanism in migraine and coronary heart disease such as endothelial dysfunction or vasospasm should be discussed instead. However, it has to be considered, that the coronary artery calcification score does not indicate the total risk of atherosclerotic changes in the coronary arteries.
Quantum Yield Enhancement in Graphene Quantum Dots via Esterification with Benzyl Alcohol
Authors: Tachi Suzuka , Morita Hiroki , Takahashi Misaki , Okabayashi Yusuke , Hosokai Takuya , Sugai Toshiki , Kuwahara Shota 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe quantum yield of graphene quantum dots was enhanced by restriction of the rotation and vibration of surface functional groups on the edges of the graphene quantum dots via esterification with benzyl alcohol; this enhancement is crucial for the widespread application of graphene quantum dots in light-harvesting devices and optoelectronics. The obtained graphene quantum dots with highly graphene-stacked structures are understood to participate in π–π interactions with adjacent aromatic rings of the benzylic ester on the edges of the graphene quantum dots, thus impeding the nonradiative recombination process in graphene quantum dots. Furthermore, the crude graphene quantum dots were in a gel-like solid form and showed white luminescence under blue light illumination. Our results show the potential for improving the photophysical properties of nanomaterials, such as the quantum yield and band-gap energy for emission, by controlling the functional groups on the surface of graphene quantum dots through an organic modification approach.
FGFR4 does not contribute to progression of chronic kidney disease
Authors: Taylor Ashlee , Yanucil Christopher , Musgrove John , Shi Melody , Ide Shintaro , Souma Tomokazu , Faul Christian , Wolf Myles , Grabner Alexander 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn chronic kidney disease (CKD), elevated serum levels of the phosphate regulating hormone fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 23 have emerged as powerful risk factors for cardiovascular disease and death. Mechanistically, FGF23 can bind and activate fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) 4 independently of α-klotho, the canonical co-receptor for FGF23 in the kidney, which stimulates left ventricular hypertrophy and hepatic production of inflammatory cytokines. FGF23 has also been shown to independently predict progression of renal disease, however, whether FGF23 and FGFR4 also contribute to CKD remains unknown. Here, we generated a mouse model with dual deletions of FGFR4 and α-klotho, and we induced CKD in mice with either global deletion or constitutive activation of FGFR4. We demonstrate that FGF23 is not capable of inducing phosphaturia via FGFR4 and that FGFR4 does not promote or mitigate renal injury in animal models of CKD. Taken together our results suggest FGFR4 inhibition as a safe alternative strategy to target cardiovascular disease and chronic inflammation in patients with CKD without interrupting the necessary phosphaturic effects of FGF23.
Vitamin D3 regulates apoptosis and proliferation in the testis of D-galactose-induced aged rat model
Authors: Jeremy Malsawmhriatzuala , Gurusubramanian Guruswami , Roy Vikas Kumar 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe age-associated imbalances between proliferation and apoptosis lead to impaired spermatogenesis and infertility. The age-associated decline in vitamin D3 levels has been reported and suggested the anti-aging potential of vitamin D3. However, the age-associated decline levels of vitamin D3 has not been studied in relation to the testicular activity. Thus, we investigated the effect of vitamin D3 on the expression of testicular proliferation markers, apoptotic markers, antioxidants system and oxidative stress in a D-gal-induced aged rat model. The present study investigated the levels of vitamin D3 and AGE in serum and testes along with the expression of the AGE-receptor (AGER) in the testis. Vitamin D3 treatment significantly increases cell proliferation and decreases apoptosis in a D-gal-induced aged rat testis. Furthermore, vitamin D3 significantly decreases oxidative stress in aged rat testis by improving the antioxidant defense systems. The expression of AGER was down-regulated by vitamin D3 treatment in aged testis. The circulating and intra-testicular AGE was higher in aged groups, however, only circulating vitamin D3 levels decreased in aged groups. The immunolocalization of VDR showed increased immunostaining in the testis by vitamin D3 treatment. Thus, it can be concluded that vitamin D3 delays testicular senescence by regulating proliferation and apoptosis.
Worldwide Age at Onset of Female Breast Cancer: A 25-Year Population-Based Cancer Registry Study
Authors: Bidoli Ettore , Virdone Saverio , Hamdi-Cherif Mokhtar , Toffolutti Federica , Taborelli Martina , Panato Chiara , Serraino Diego 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA higher frequency of early onset female breast cancers (BC) has been observed in low/middle income countries than in high income countries. We quantified the role of population ageing to this pattern using data from all population-based cancer registries (CRs) worldwide. Patients’ median age at BC onset and that of the general population were extracted for CRs listed in volumes VI (1983–1987 years) through XI (2008–2012 years) of Cancer Incidence in Five Continents. Their association was assessed at cross-sectional level by linear regression model and longitudinally considering 25-year ageing of the population in long-standing CRs listed at the beginning and at the end of the study. During 2008–2012, each one-year increase of population ageing was associated with a nearly ½ year increase of age at BC diagnosis. Population demographics explained forty-two percent of the age variance for BC. In 1983–1987, long-standing CRs with a median age at BC below age 61.8 years showed an increase of age at BC after 25-years. Worldwide, age at BC diagnosis essentially reflected the median age of the population. Changes in BC detection methodology likely lessened this association. Nevertheless, the elevated absolute number of BCs in young populations deserves strategies of BC prevention.
Inactivated alpha toxin from Clostridium novyi type B in nano-emulsion protect partially protects Swiss mice from lethal alpha toxin challenge
Authors: Felix Mellanie Karoline C. , Deusdará Tullio T. , Santos Lucas Samuel S. , Aguiar Raimundo Wagner S. , Corrêa Roberto Franco T. , Brandi Igor V. , Sobrinho Eliane M. , Ribeiro Bergmann M. , Mariúba Luis André M. , Nogueira Paulo A. , Costa Kattyanne S. , Viana Kelvinson F. , Cangussu Alex Sander R. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractNano-emulsions are promising carriers for antigen delivery. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of a water-oil nano-emulsion containing concentrated, inactivated Clostridium novyi (C. novyi) type B supernatant culture (nano-iCnB) in protecting Swiss mice against a lethal dose of alpha toxin concentrated extract. Proteins were confirmed in the nano-iCnB and their stabilities were determined according physical parameters such as Zeta Potential (ZP). Biochemical, hematological parameters and morphological appearance of liver, spleen and thigh muscle alterations were examined to determine the safety of the compound. Partial protection against lethal doses was achieved in immunized mice despite low IgG titers. These data suggest that our nano-emulsion is a simple and efficient method of promoting antigen delivery for toxin-related diseases.
Quantitative analysis of Gria1, Gria2, Dlg1 and Dlg4 expression levels in hippocampus following forced swim stress in mice
Authors: Freudenberg Florian 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAMPA receptors and interacting proteins are importantly involved in mediating stress-dependent plasticity. Previously we reported that GluA1-containing AMPA receptors and their interaction with PDZ-proteins are required for the experience-dependent expression of behavioral despair in the forced swim test. However, it is unclear if the expression of GluA1-containing AMPA receptors is affected by this type of behavior. Here we investigated in wild type mice, whether hippocampal gene or protein levels of GluA1 or associated PDZ proteins is altered following forced swim stress. We show that expression of Dlg4 (the gene coding for PSD-95) was strongly reduced after two days of forced swimming. In contrast, levels of Dlg1, Gria1, and Gria2 (coding for SAP97, GluA1, and GluA2 respectively) were not affected after one or two days of forced swimming. The changes in gene expression largely did not translate to the protein level. These findings indicate a limited acute effect of forced swim stress on the expression of the investigated targets and suggest that the acute involvement of GluA1-containing AMPA receptors tor forced swim behavior is a result of non-genomic mechanisms.
Individual differences in the attentional modulation of the human auditory brainstem response to speech inform on speech-in-noise deficits
Authors: Saiz-Alía Marina , Forte Antonio Elia , Reichenbach Tobias 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPeople with normal hearing thresholds can nonetheless have difficulty with understanding speech in noisy backgrounds. The origins of such supra-threshold hearing deficits remain largely unclear. Previously we showed that the auditory brainstem response to running speech is modulated by selective attention, evidencing a subcortical mechanism that contributes to speech-in-noise comprehension. We observed, however, significant variation in the magnitude of the brainstem’s attentional modulation between the different volunteers. Here we show that this variability relates to the ability of the subjects to understand speech in background noise. In particular, we assessed 43 young human volunteers with normal hearing thresholds for their speech-in-noise comprehension. We also recorded their auditory brainstem responses to running speech when selectively attending to one of two competing voices. To control for potential peripheral hearing deficits, and in particular for cochlear synaptopathy, we further assessed noise exposure, the temporal sensitivity threshold, the middle-ear muscle reflex, and the auditory-brainstem response to clicks in various levels of background noise. These tests did not show evidence for cochlear synaptopathy amongst the volunteers. Furthermore, we found that only the attentional modulation of the brainstem response to speech was significantly related to speech-in-noise comprehension. Our results therefore evidence an impact of top-down modulation of brainstem activity on the variability in speech-in-noise comprehension amongst the subjects.
Resource use efficiency of indoor lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) cultivation as affected by red:blue ratio provided by LED lighting
Authors: Pennisi Giuseppina , Orsini Francesco , Blasioli Sonia , Cellini Antonio , Crepaldi Andrea , Braschi Ilaria , Spinelli Francesco , Nicola Silvana , Fernandez Juan A. , Stanghellini Cecilia , Gianquinto Giorgio , Marcelis Leo F. M. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractLED lighting in indoor farming systems allows to modulate the spectrum to fit plant needs. Red (R) and blue (B) lights are often used, being highly active for photosynthesis. The effect of R and B spectral components on lettuce plant physiology and biochemistry and resource use efficiency were studied. Five red:blue (RB) ratios (0.5-1-2-3-4) supplied by LED and a fluorescent control (RB = 1) were tested in six experiments in controlled conditions (PPFD = 215 μmol m−2 s−1, daylength 16 h). LED lighting increased yield (1.6 folds) and energy use efficiency (2.8 folds) as compared with fluorescent lamps. Adoption of RB = 3 maximised yield (by 2 folds as compared with RB = 0.5), also increasing leaf chlorophyll and flavonoids concentrations and the uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and magnesium. As the red portion of the spectrum increased, photosystem II quantum efficiency decreased but transpiration decreased more rapidly, resulting in increased water use efficiency up to RB = 3 (75 g FW L−1 H2O). The transpiration decrease was accompanied by lower stomatal conductance, which was associated to lower stomatal density, despite an increased stomatal size. Both energy and land surface use efficiency were highest at RB ≥ 3. We hereby suggest a RB ratio of 3 for sustainable indoor lettuce cultivation.
Optical validation and characterization of Planck PSZ2 sources at the Canary Islands observatories
Authors: Aguado-Barahona A. , Barrena R. , Streblyanska A. , Ferragamo A. , Rubiño-Martín J. A. , Tramonte D. , Lietzen H. 
Published: October 2019

Context. The second legacy catalog of Planck Sunyaev–Zeldovich (SZ) sources, hereafter PSZ2, provides the largest galaxy cluster sample selected by means of the SZ signature of the clusters in a full sky survey. In order to fully characterize this PSZ2 sample for cosmological studies, all the members should be validated and the physical properties of the clusters, including mass and redshift, should be derived. However, at the time of its publication, roughly 21% of the 1653 PSZ2 members had no known counterpart at other wavelengths.
Aims. Here, we present the second and last year of observations of our optical follow-up program 128-MULTIPLE-16/15B (hereafter LP15), which has been developed with the aim of validating all the unidentified PSZ2 sources in the northern sky with declinations higher than −15° that have no correspondence in the first Planck catalog PSZ1. The description of the program and the first year of observations have been presented previously.
Methods. The LP15 program was awarded 44 observing nights that were spread over two years with the Isaac Newton Telescope (INT), the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo (TNG), and the Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC), all at Roque de los Muchachos Observatory (La Palma). Following the same method as described previously, we performed deep optical imaging for more than 200 sources with the INT and spectroscopy for almost 100 sources with the TNG and GTC at the end of the LP15 program. We adopted robust confirmation criteria based on velocity dispersion and richness estimates for the final classification of the new galaxy clusters as the optical counterparts of the PSZ2 detections.
Results. Here, we present the observations of the second year of LP15, as well as the final results of the program. The full LP15 sample comprises 190 previously unidentified PSZ2 sources. Of these, 106 objects were studied before, while the remaining sample (except for 6 candidates) has been completed in the second year and is discussed here. In addition to the LP15 sample, we here study 42 additional PSZ2 objects that were originally validated as real clusters because they matched a WISE or PSZ1 counterpart, but they had no measured spectroscopic redshift. In total, we confirm the optical counterparts for 81 PSZ2 sources after the full LP15 program, 55 of them with new spectroscopic information. Forty of these 81 clusters are presented in this paper. After the LP15 observational program the purity of the PSZ2 catalog has increased from 76.7% originally to 86.2%. In addition, we study the possible reasons for false detection, and we report a clear correlation between the number of unconfirmed sources and galactic thermal dust emission.
Nonsurgical management of gastroduodenal tuberculosis: Nine-year experience from a tertiary referral center
Authors: Dalal Ashok , Puri Amarender Singh , Sachdeva Sanjeev , Sakuja Puja 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims Gastroduodenal tuberculosis (GDTB) is an uncommon disease. Surgery has been standard of care both for diagnosis and management of GDTB. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of non-surgical management of GDTB using a combination of anti-tuberculous therapy (ATT) along with endoscopic dilatation of the tuberculous stricture.
Patients and methods Patients suspected to have gastroduodenal TB were evaluated: clinical, endoscopic, radiological, and histopathological data were recorded. Patients in whom a definite diagnosis of tuberculosis could not be confirmed on mucosal biopsies underwent endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR). Patients were treated with ATT and endoscopic dilatation was done if indicated. Patients were followed up to evaluate clinical, radiological and endoscopic response.
Results Over a 9-year period from 2009 to 2017, 52 patients (mean age 28.5yrs) were diagnosed with GDTB. The most common presenting symptoms were vomiting (n = 51, 98 %) and weight loss (n = 52,100 %). The most common anatomical site of involvement was D1–D2 junction (n = 22, 42 %). Histopathological diagnosis could be made in 43 patients (82.6 %); 36 (69 %) on mucosal biopsies and in 7 of 10 patients (70 %) who underwent snare biopsy/EMR. Endoscopic dilatation was done in 37 patients (71 %) and median dilatation sessions were two. Failure of endotherapy occurred in four patients (7.6 %). All responders had complete amelioration of symptoms after 4 to 6 weeks of combination therapy. Median period of follow-up was 23.5 months and none of the patients reported any recurrence of symptoms.
Conclusion ATT and endoscopic dilatation combined has a high success rate in management of GDTB and should be considered the standard of care.
Thermische Handverletzungen im Kindesalter
Authors: Klein Tobias , Wendenburg Wera , Boemers Thomas M. , Marathovouniotis Nicos 
Published: October 2019

ZusammenfassungEin gleichbleibend hoher Anteil an thermischen Verletzungen im Kindesalter
betrifft die Hände von Säuglingen und Kleinkindern, wobei Verbrühungen und
Kontaktverbrennungen die häufigsten Unfallursachen darstellen. Während der
Großteil der thermischen Handverletzungen im Kindesalter unter konservativen
Maßnahmen abheilt, führen tiefergradige Verletzungen oft zu Narbenkontrakturen
und narbigen Syndaktylien mit wesentlichen funktionellen Einschränkungen der
kindlichen Hand. Daher sollte bei thermischen Handverletzungen immer ein
differenziertes Vorgehen in Abhängigkeit vom Verletzungsausmaß und der
Lokalisation in einer spezialisierten Einheit erfolgen. Neben der Akuttherapie
ist dabei eine konsequente Nachsorge mit Schienen- und Kompressionsbehandlung,
Physio- und Ergotherapie sowie ggf. operativen Korrekturmaßnahmen von immenser
Bedeutung. Nur so können zufriedenstelle funktionelle und ästhetische Ergebnisse
erzielt werden, damit die jungen Patienten in ihrem Alltag nicht eingeschränkt
werden. Im Rahmen dieses Artikels sollen die wesentlichen Gesichtspunkte in der
Behandlung kindlicher thermischer Handverletzungen belichtet werden.