bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kiai Nur Iman’s Heritage: Reading the Sunny Muthalib on The Soul Purification
Authors: Hadi Imawan Dzulkifli 
Published: December 2024

Kyai Nur Iman was one of the great scholars who was influential in the spread of Islam in Java in the 18th-19th century AD. As the son of King Amangkurat IV, Kyai Nur Iman prefers to dedicate his life to teaching the Islamic religion and teaching the concepts of soul purification to society. One of his works examines the purification of the soul entitled the book al-Sunni al-Muthalib. This book is still in the form of a manuscript stored in Pesantren Salimiyah Mlangi in Yogyakarta. This manuscript needs to be scholarly examined because it was written by a 19th century AD scholar who tried to combine two sciences, namely the science of Arabic (nahwu); arabic grammar, and the science of tasawwuf; moral sciene. This study aims to reveal the concept of soul purification explained by Kyai Nur Iman in the manuscriptal-Sunni al-Muttalib. This research method is qualitative research using literature review with historical analysis to explain the concept of soul purification according to Kyai Nur Iman then explains the biography of Kyai Nur Iman. The results of this research explain that the concept of tazkiyah nafs according to Kyai Nur Iman in the book Asna al-mathalib starts with knowing Allah, knowing Rasulullah SAW, and getting to know things that can purify the soul such us repentance, inabah, asceticism, tawakkal, tafwidl, happy and sincere and defile it such us namimah, ghibah, greed, riya', sum'ah, arrogant, ujub, wicked, exposing others' shame, immorality, blasphemy, and wishful thinking.
Accurate Identification of Primary Site in Tumors of Unknown Origin (TUO) Using DNA Methylation
Authors: SANTANA-SANTOS LUCAS , Duckett Drew , Vortmittag-Nocito Erica , Jamshidi Pouya , Sukhanova Madina , Parker Stephanie , Brat Daniel , Jennings Lawrence 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Tumors of unknown origin (TUO) generally result in poor patient survival and are clinically difficult to address. Identification of the site of origin in TUO patients is paramount to their improved treatment and survival but is difficult to obtain with current methods. Here, we develop a random forest machine learning TUO methylation classifier using a large number of primary and metastatic tumor samples. Our classifier achieves high accuracy in primary site identification when applied to both publicly available and internal validation samples, with 97% of samples classified correctly and 85% receiving high probability scores (≥0.9). Moreover, by employing pathologist expertise and t-SNE visualization, the TUO classifier can assign samples to 46 different sites of origin/disease classes. This strategy also revealed multiple classes of yet unknown significance for future exploration. Overall, the presented TUO classifier represents a significant step forward in the diagnosis of TUO tumors.
LR-DETR: A Transformer-Enhanced Framework for Real-Time River Object Detection
Authors: Zhang Chong , Yue Jie , Fu Jianglong , Wu Shouluan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The Detection Transformer (DETR) and the YOLO series have been at the forefront of advancements in object detection. The RT-DETR, a member of the DETR family, has notably addressed the speed limitations of its predecessors through a high-performance hybrid encoder that optimizes query selection. Building upon this foundation, we introduce the LR-DETR, a lightweight evolution of RT-DETR for river floating objects detection. This model incorporates the Advanced Screening Feature Path Aggregation Network (HS-PAN) to refine feature fusion via a novel Down-Top fusion path, significantly enhancing its expressive power. Further innovation is evident in the introduction of the Remainder Convolutional Network (RPCN) as the backbone, which selectively applies convolutions to key channels, leveraging the concept of residuals to reduce computational redundancy and enhance accuracy. The enhancement of the RepBlock with Conv3XCBlock, along with the integration of a parameter-free attention mechanism within the convolutional layers, underscores our commitment to efficiency, ensuring that the model prioritizes valuable information while suppressing redundancy. A comparative analysis with existing detection models not only validates the effectiveness of our approach but also highlights its superiority and adaptability. Our experimental findings are compelling: the LR-DETR achieves a 5% increase in mean Average Precision (mAP) at 0.5, a 25.8% reduction in parameter count, and a 22.8% decrease in GFLOPs compared to the RT-DETR algorithm. These improvements are particularly pronounced in the re-al-time detection of river floating objects, showcasing LR-DETR's potential in specific environmental monitoring scenarios.
A Novel Natural Fibers-Based Bio-Composite Prepared From Silk Fibroin and Luffa Cylindrica
Authors: EGE Gözde KONUK , AKAY Özge , SALTIK Derya , YÜCE Hüseyin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Herein, the novel bio-based co-polymer was synthesized using only natural fibers by way of co-dissolving cellulose extracted from luffa cylindrica (LC) and silk fibroin (SF) in formic acid in different weight ratios (3SF/1LC, 2SF/2LC, and 1SF/3LC). The prepared bio-composite films were investigated by vibrational, structural, thermally, and wettability with Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and water contact angle (WCA). The results of the FT-IR test reveal that the changing and shifting of peak intensities in spectroscopy of bio-composite films are evidence of the forming of new chemical bonds between luffa cellulose and silk fibroins. XRD results show that silk fibroin enhances the crystallinity of bio-composite specimens. In addition, thermogravimetric analysis demonstrates that increasing the cellulose ratio in bio-composite films extends their thermal stability of. The glass transition value provided by the DSC test proves that the flexibility of hybrid bio-composite films increases as the ratio of luffa increases. As a final analysis, WCA states that when blended with luffa and silk fibroin, although both are hydrophilic, the hybrid bio-composite films display hydrophobic properties, and also LC increase enhances this behaviour against water.
Allometry of molar size and cranial length in relation to the body weight of mammalian insectivores
Authors: Gingerich Philip D. , Smith B. Holly 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Allometric relationships of body-part measurements permit structural comparison in terms of major-axis slopes and intercepts. They also enable least-squares prediction of one measure from another. Insectivorous mammals have long been divided into two phenetic groups: (a) dilambdodonts, including Erinaceidae, Soricidae, Talpidae, Macroscelididae and Tupaiidae, with a w-shaped ectoloph on upper molars; and (b) zalambdodonts, including Chrysochloridae, Potomogalidae, Tenrecidae and Solenodontidae, which have simpler v-shaped shearing crests on upper molars. Dilambdodonts have relatively large upper and lower molars (M1 and M1) for their body size, and first molar sizes that are highly correlated with body weight. The allometric coefficients for dilambdodont molar area and dilambdodont cranial length are slightly but significantly less than expected for a simple geometric relationship to a volume (body weight). High correlations mean molar size can be used to predict body weight in extinct dilambdodonts. Zalambdodonts have upper and lower molars that are generally smaller and more variable in relation to body size than those of dilambdodonts. Lower correlations mean zalambdodont molar size is less reliable for weight prediction. Cranial length is highly correlated with body weight in both groups, and hence a good predictor of weight.
Accounting for systemic effects of anaerobic digestion development on farmers’ practices: implications for environmental assessment
Authors: Cadiou Jeanne , Meynard Jean-Marc , Pierre-Marie Aubert 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

On-farm biogas production has been increasingly developing in Europe since the beginning of the twentieth century, mainly supported by energy policies. However, biogas production brings new challenges in agriculture, and it is difficult to draw clear conclusions on its agri-environmental effects from the current scientific literature. Current studies focus on one or more of the agri-environmental effects of on-farm biogas development (mainly greenhouse gas balance, carbon storage, and nitrogen losses), assuming that the farming system as a whole remains unchanged, but they rarely investigate how the performance of biogas relates to indirect changes in farm practices and activities.
To better understand the changes in farm practices linked to biogas production, we surveyed 23 biogas farmers corresponding to 19 different on-farm biogas units in two areas of northeast France. We aimed to cover a diversity of configurations (e.g., of farm activities, installed biogas capacity, number of biogas farmers per project, and energy recovery methods) to capture a diversity of farm functioning. We analyzed these qualitative data by looking for recurring examples of changes in practices (or lack thereof) and drivers of the identified changes.
Our results show various changes in practices and drivers of change resulting in a much more diverse range of environmental impacts than those generally assessed in the literature. This diversity of impacts depends on both the farm characteristics and the different organizations of farm activities that biogas farmers can develop. Here we show that the necessary conditions to attain the best environmental balance are not always met, contrary to the common assumptions in the biogas assessment literature. On-farm biogas sustainability research must better consider the dynamics of farming systems and the agency of farmers in on-farm biogas development.
Employee Retention in High-End Vietnamese Hotels: The Synergy of GHRM, KS, and MF, Mediated by an IC
Authors: Giao Linh Le Phuong , Pham Van Kien 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

This study examines the impact of Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) on Employee Retention (ER) in the high-end hotel sector of Vietnam, with a focus on the mediating role of Innovative Climate (IC), Knowledge Sharing (KS), and Mindfulness (MF). While the environmental benefits of GHRM are well-established, its influence on employee-related outcomes, particularly in emerging markets like Vietnam, has received limited attention. This research addresses this gap by analyzing data from 298 employees in 4- and 5-star hotels using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings reveal that GHRM practices significantly enhance employee retention, especially when mediated by IC, which fosters a culture of innovation and sustainability. Additionally, KS and MF strengthen the relationship between GHRM and ER by promoting collaboration, creativity, and well-being. These results offer valuable insights for luxury hotels seeking to integrate sustainable HRM strategies, improve employee loyalty, and address high turnover rates in the competitive hospitality industry. This research contributes to the GHRM literature by providing a deeper understanding of how IC mediates the relationship between GHRM and ER, filling a critical gap in the context of Vietnam’s growing hotel sector.
Chitosan micro/nanobubbles: novel chemical structure and characterization
Authors: Elbana Elsayda , Elzayat Asmaa M. , Abdelrazek E. M. , Abou-Saleh Radwa H. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Microbubbles (MBs) are gaining increased interest in biomedical applications. MBs size typically range from 0.1 to 10 µm and formed with different shells such as (lipid, polymer, protein, and surfactant). The shell encapsulates a gaseous core containing gases such as oxygen, sulfur hexafluoride SF6, or perfluorocarbons. MBs have a range of medical applications, such as medical imaging, drug delivery, and gas delivery. Freeze-drying of MBs have been used by different groups to help reconstitute them at the point of care. This would become advantageous for better control of the encapsulated drug and gas, MB concentration, and protocols of administration and would also allow off-site production at lower cost. In this study, we developed a protocol to use chitosan and glycerol to produce Chitosan-coated MBs with SF6 as the gas core at high concentration and stability. Moreover, freeze drying has been used to change the gas core to oxygen to enhance the benefits of using these MBs. The idea is to be able to produce oxygen MBs with better stability to enhance the chemotherapy and radiotherapy effect on cancerous cells by relieving hypoxia and increasing the cell sensitivity. We used different characterization techniques for our systems to demonstrate that we have developed a novel CS shell for micro/nanobubbles as shell with SF6 as core at low cost. We obtained not only MBs with mean diameter 3.57 ± 0.71µm but also nanobubbles with 55 ± 37nm diameter with a surface positive charge and high concentration of 1.02x1012 MBs/ml. Moreover, freeze-drying was used to change the gas core to oxygen producing MBs with mean diameter 1 ± 0.7 µm and concentration of 6.5 × 108 MBs/ml.
A corallimorpharian barren in southwestern Kochi, Japan
Authors: Reimer James Davis , Gösser Fabian , Kondo Kenta , De Palmas Stephane , Yamaguchi Daito , Beger Maria , Sommer Brigitte , Chong Fiona , Burke Camille , Paul Ayaka Umeda , Lock James , Mezaki Takuma 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

In shallow water zooxanthellate coral communities, large aggregations of benthic groups other than scleractinians have been occasionally noted, and sometimes linked with various disturbances. Here we report on a large aggregation of a corallimorpharian, Rhodactis sp., at a site off Himeshima Island, Kochi, Japan from surveys in July 2023 and August 2024. The overall area reached approximately 2100 m2 in 2024, with corallimorpharians accounting for approximately 70% of all benthic coverage. No such aggregation was noted in similar surveys in July 2016. While the cause of this aggregation formation is not known, it is possible that unusually cold winter seawater temperatures in 2018-19 may have caused favorable conditions for Rhodactis, given that benthic space was available. Regardless of the cause, this is among the first reported corallimorpharian outbreaks in Japan, and we recommend continued monitoring of this site.
Joint Physical Custody and Children’s Physical and Mental Health
Authors: Riser Quentin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
This study examines the effects of joint physical custody (JPC) on the physical and mental health of children following divorce, using comprehensive survey data from Wisconsin.
Objective
The study seeks to understand the impact of custody arrangements on children's health outcomes post- divorce. Prior research has suggested potential benefits of JPC, but there is a need for more robust analysis to control for selection biases and other confounding factors.
Method
Employing robust probit regression models and Inverse Probability Weighting (IPW) to control for selection biases, the study uses descriptive statistics and multivariate models to analyze survey data from Wisconsin.
Results
The findings reveal that children in JPC arrangements exhibit significantly better mental health outcomes compared to those in sole custody. Specifically, 79.8% of children in JPC reported good mental health versus 67.9% in sole custody. Multivariate probit and IPW models corroborated these results. High-quality co-parenting relationships, more prevalent in JPC scenarios, were not clearly linked to these improved outcomes.
Conclusions
The study underscores the importance of nuanced policy approaches that consider individual family contexts and parental relationship quality. The findings raise questions concerning the need for interventions like co-parenting workshops to promote effective communication and collaboration between divorced parents. Further research is recommended to explore the long-term effects of custody arrangements on children's well-being and to inform evidence-based policy decisions. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of how JPC and co-parenting quality influence children's mental and physical health post-divorce.
Biostimulant potential of three chlorophyta and their consortium: application on tomato seeds
Authors: Mollo Lorenzo , Norici Alessandra 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Microalgae offer a promising solution for enhancing agricultural sustainability and mitigating global warming. When extracts from algal cells and their spent medium are used as biostimulants on crop seeds, they can significantly influence plant physiology. This application boosts plant productivity and improves tolerance to abiotic stress. The objective of this study was to evaluate the biostimulant potential of crude extracts from Tetradesmus obliquus, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Auxenochlorella protothecoides, and their consortium, as well as the potential of their spent growth media, when applied to tomato seeds (Solanum lycopersicum). The study assessed germination indexes and seed development, including weight, root/shoot ratio, and growth speed. The results indicated that the variation in the morphology of the treated seeds was primarily influenced by the concentration of the extracts, with the algal species having a lesser impact on the observed variability. The number of germinated seeds was notably higher at the lowest concentration of biostimulants. Additionally, the algal extracts exhibited greater biostimulant potential than the spent media. Furthermore, the analysis of growth speed revealed that most treated seedlings grew significantly faster than the control seeds. Lastly, the study reported a lower biostimulant potential of the algal consortium compared to the single species, possibly due to the co-cultivation of different species.
TIMELESS as a Prognostic Biomarker and Therapeutic Target in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Meng Xiangrong , sun Qi , Liu Zhongshuang , Cao Shenqi , Xu Chunyang , Wu Yan , Zhang Wenjing , Di Longjiang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Gastric cancer, a prevalent malignancy, exhibits intricate etiological and pathological characteristics. Recent insights into the dysregulation of clock genes offer novel avenues for diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis in patients with gastric cancer. Methods: This study leveraged machine learning, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), immune infiltration analysis, survival prognosis analysis, drug sensitivity analysis, and in vitro experiments to elucidate the role of core clock genes in gastric cancer. Results: By integrating TCGA, GEO datasets, and NCBI database, we identified 29 differentially expressed clock genes. Utilization of four machine learning algorithms revealed TIMELESS and BHLHE41 as critical genes, with TIMELESS (AUC, 0.802) showing enhanced diagnostic potential for GC. High levels of TIMELESS expression in gastric cancer were associated with poor tumor prognosis and immune cell infiltration. We identified a targeted interaction between TIMELESS and the pyroptosis-related molecule CASP8, suggesting their collaborative involvement in gastric cancer pathogenesis. Moreover, Bortezomib was found to be a potential targeted therapy for TIMELESS in gastric cancer. Conclusion: TIMELESS emerges as a significant biomarker and therapeutic target in gastric cancer, with considerable implications for patient prognosis and treatment.
Integrating Phenomenon-Based Learning and GIS to Improve Geo-Literacy and Student Engagement: An Action Research Approach
Authors: Meechandee Sutthiphong , Meekaew Nattapon 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Despite the individual merits of Phenomenon-Based Learning (PhenoBL) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in improving geographic comprehension, limited research exists on their combined impact in secondary geography teaching, particularly in the Thai educational context. This study investigated the integration of PhenoBL and GIS to enhance student engagement and geo-literacy among 30 Grade 8 students in Thailand through an action research design with three iterative cycles over eight weeks. The intervention, focusing on urbanization and environmental sustainability, utilized Google Maps as a GIS tool for spatial analysis. Data collection included geo-literacy tests, student engagement surveys, and classroom observations, analyzed through paired t-tests and Pearson correlation analyses. Results demonstrated significant improvements in geo-literacy scores (from 59.5–72.5%, p < 0.01) and increases across all engagement dimensions (behavioral, emotional, and cognitive). Correlation analyses revealed a significant positive relationship between emotional engagement and geo-literacy improvement (r = 0.309, p < 0.05), while behavioral and cognitive engagement showed no significant correlations with geo-literacy gains. This suggests that emotional connection to learning activities may play a particularly important role in geographic understanding. Qualitative observations documented students’ progressive development of independence and confidence in using GIS tools. These findings provide valuable insights for educators and policymakers implementing technology-enhanced, inquiry-based learning models in geography education, while highlighting the importance of nurturing students' emotional engagement alongside structured support in GIS integration.
Ocular Health Status of Health Workers in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria
Authors: Asimadu Ifeoma , Okeke Suhanyah 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To determine the ocular health status of the workers in the hospital, identify the ocular morbidities among them, identify the group (clinical or non-clinical) that are more affected and make treatment recommendations and follow-up.
Methods
It was a cross-sectional study of hospital workers. Free eye screening was done in the hospital using a structured questionnaire and a comprehensive eye examination.
Results
627 staff, 261(41.63%) clinical and 366(58.37%) non-clinical. Males 183(29.2%) and females, 444(70.8%). Age range: 22–73 years. Mean age: 40.625 ± 9.29 years. 544(86.8%) had normal vision with visual acuity, 6/6–6/12. Visual impairment was 9.1% mild, 3.2% moderate and 1.0% blind. Ocular pathologies were glaucoma, cataract, refractive error, allergic eye disease, pterygium, presbyopia, ocular hypertension and dry eye syndrome. Cataract and other ocular conditions were significantly more in non-clinical staff; (Cataract(p = 0.036) and other ocular conditions (p = 0.001). Glaucoma and refractive errors had no significant association with the category of staff. Glaucoma suspect was significantly associated with sex (P = 0.005) while Cataract was significantly associated with age (p = 0.00) and clinical status (p = 0.036). Refractive errors and others were significantly associated with clinical status (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Pathologies were easily detected via routine eye examination. Non clinical staff were affected more. Health workers had ocular morbidity but were unaware. Regular examination will aid in early detection and prompt treatment for optimum eye health and service delivery.