bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Harmony of the solar system
Authors: Kotov V. A. 
Published: September 2018

From 1968 to 2017, the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory, the Wilcox Solar Observatory, and five other observatories performed more than 27 thousand daily measurements of the mean magnetic field of the Sun‐as‐a‐star. These data reveal the presence of the long‐term coherent periodicity PS = 13.4582(25) days, characterizing the four‐sector pattern of the magnetic Sun. To clear up the origin of this periodicity, motions of planets and massive satellites are considered in detail. It is shown that the best commensurate timescale of all those periodic motions is equal to PG = 13.4577(10) days, which agrees fairly well with PS (the probability of a chance coincidence is less than 2 × 10−9). Physical nature of this odd PS–PG resonance is unknown, but it is supposed that the phenomenon is caused by coherent periodic fluctuations of the gravity field within the solar system.
Corporate social responsibility and corporate governance and corporate financial performance: Bridging concepts for a more ethical business model
Authors: Zubeltzu‐Jaka Eugenio , Andicoechea‐Arondo Lorea , Alvarez Etxeberria Igor 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAwareness on issues relating to business ethics in corporate social responsibility (CSR), good corporate governance (GCG), and environmental social governance (ESG) has significantly increased in the last decade in the academic and professional fields. As a consequence, a large number of theoretical and empirical studies, research and professional publications, and guidelines have been published. This trend toward academic scrutiny is a significant change to the traditional way of understanding corporate governance and has led to an increasing number and diversity of stakeholders to which the corporations must be held accountable.Traditionally, corporate governance has focused on “financial” aspects with the aim of improving the protection rights of corporate stakeholders whereas the CSR approach has been limited to the consideration of only economic, social, and environmental issues. However, there has, in the recent past, been a convergence of the four concepts that are increasingly frequently being jointly studied by academics and practitioners. A clear example of this convergence is the use of the ESG criteria in the assessment of sustainable investment portfolios.In this context, the aim of this paper is to present the current state of research on convergence themes (focusing on CSR and CG) in order to present the resulting framework as a basis for the subsequent analysis of the relationship between good governance practices, the CSR, and financial performance. Finally, the effectiveness of such practices and strategies will be assessed.
Predictors and interdependence of family support in a random sample of long‐term young breast cancer survivors and their biological relatives
Authors: Katapodi Maria C. , Ellis Katrina R. , Schmidt Franziska , Nikolaidis Christos , Northouse Laurel L. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveWomen diagnosed with breast cancer younger than 45 years (young breast cancer survivors—YBCS) and their biological relatives face significant stressors. Although family support is an important coping resource, little is known about YBCS’ and relatives’ support and whether it is interdependent. The study described family support in YBCS and their biological relatives; identified demographic, clinical, and psychosocial predictors of support; and determined the interdependence of support in YBCS‐relatives family units.MethodsData were collected from a random sample of YBCS and their first‐ or second‐degree female relatives. Actor‐partner interdependence models (APIM) explored predictors and interdependence of YBCS’ and relatives’ family support in dyads (YBCS and relative) and triads (YBCS and two relatives).ResultsAmong n = 310 YBCS and n = 431 first‐ or second‐degree relatives, family support was higher in triads compared to dyads. APIMs identified actor effects in dyads, and actor and partner effects in triads. Across all family units, YBCS’ higher self‐efficacy was associated with higher YBCS support (actor effect) and relative support (partner effect); YBCS’ prior diagnosis of depression was associated with lower YBCS and relative support (actor and partner effect); cost‐related lack of access to care was associated with lower support among YBCS (actor effect) and relatives (actor and partner effect).ConclusionsFamily support was interdependent and was affected by self‐efficacy, depression, and access to care. Interventions should include YBCS and relatives, enhance self‐efficacy and access to care.
Synthesis of 5‐Hydroxy‐3′,4′,7‐trimethoxyflavone and Related Compounds and Elucidation of Their Reversal Effects on BCRP/ABCG2‐Mediated Anticancer Drug Resistance
Authors: Tsunekawa Ryuji , Katayama Kazuhiro , Hanaya Kengo , Higashibayashi Shuhei , Sugimoto Yoshikazu , Sugai Takeshi 
Published: September 2018

Abstract3′,4′,7‐Trimethoxyflavone (TMF) has been reported to show a potent reversal effect on drug resistance mediated by breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP)/ATP‐binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2). In this study, we designed and synthesized five derivatives with either a hydroxy group or a fluorine atom at C‐5 and several kinds of capping moiety at the C‐7 hydroxy group, on the same 3′,4′‐dimethoxy‐substituted flavone skeleton. We subsequently evaluated the efficacies of these compounds against BCRP‐expressing human leukaemia K562/BCRP cells. Reversal of drug resistance was expressed as the concentration of compound causing a twofold reduction in drug sensitivity (RI50). Of the synthesized compounds, the reversal effect of 5‐hydroxy‐3′,4′,7‐trimethoxyflavone (HTMF, RI50 7.2 nm) towards 7‐ethyl‐10‐hydroxycamptothecin (SN‐38) was stronger than that of TMF (RI50 18 nm). Fluoro‐substituted 5‐fluoro‐3′,4′,7‐trimethoxyflavone (FTMF, RI50 25 nm) and monoglycosylated 7‐(β‐glucosyloxy)‐5‐hydroxy‐3′,4′‐dimethoxyflavone (GOHDMF, 91 nm) also exhibited reversal effects, whereas the di‐ and triglycoside derivatives did not. TMF, HTMF and FTMF at 0.01–10 μm upregulated the K562/BCRP cellular accumulation of Hoechst 33342 nuclear staining dye. In addition, western blotting revealed that treatment of K562/BCRP cells with 0.1 μm TMF, HTMF or FTMT suppressed the expression of BCRP. HTMF showed the strongest inhibition of BCRP‐mediated efflux and suppression of BCRP expression of the three effective synthesized flavones.
Multiple myeloma with simultaneous cutaneous and central nervous system involvement
Authors: Nguyen James , Hassoun Hani 
Published: September 2018

Key Clinical MessageCutaneous involvement in multiple myeloma is an extremely rare occurrence that is underrecognized and akin CNS involvement, typically occurs late in the disease course, and is associated with an aggressive biology. Pathologic examination is key to the diagnosis and a standard of care treatment has not been established for these patients.
Photoelectrochemical Performance Dependence on Geometric Surface Area of Branched ZnO Nanowires
Authors: Li Xiaobing , Niu Fujun , Su Jinzhan , Guo Liejin 
Published: September 2018

AbstractNanoarray architectures beneficial for a large electrochemically active surface area, intense light adsorption, and fast charge transport have attracted increasing attention in the past few years as enhanced catalysts for photoelectrochemical water splitting. However, the correlation between architecture and optical/electrochemical properties are not fully understood yet. Here a hierarchically branched ZnO nanowire structure is used as an example to investigate the effect of its geometry on light absorption and electrochemically active surface area. We used a two‐step hydrothermal method to synthesize the ZnO branched nanowires grown on fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) coated glasses. The branch size of the ZnO nanowires was adjusted by changing the hydrothermal parameters. The relationship between the geometric surface area and light absorption spectra as well as electrochemically active surface area were compared. It was found that with increase of geometric surface area the electrochemically active surface area increases monotonically but the light absorption first increased but then decreased. The monotone increase of the photoelectrochemical activity indicates that the large surface area facilitating the hole transfer reaction at the ZnO/electrolyte interface is profound to improve its photon‐to‐current conversion efficiency.
Bioorthogonal Uncaging of the Active Metabolite of Irinotecan by Palladium‐Functionalized Microdevices
Authors: Adam Catherine , Pérez‐López Ana M. , Hamilton Lloyd , Rubio‐Ruiz Belén , Bray Thomas L. , Sieger Dirk , Brennan Paul M. , Unciti‐Broceta Asier 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSN‐38, the active metabolite of irinotecan, is released upon liver hydrolysis to mediate potent antitumor activity. Systemic exposure to SN‐38, however, also leads to serious side effects. To reduce systemic toxicity by controlling where and when SN‐38 is generated, a new prodrug was specifically designed to be metabolically stable and undergo rapid palladium‐mediated activation. Blocking the phenolic OH of SN‐38 with a 2,6‐bis(propargyloxy)benzyl group led to significant reduction of cytotoxic activity (up to 44‐fold). Anticancer properties were swiftly restored in the presence of heterogeneous palladium (Pd) catalysts to kill colorectal cancer and glioma cells, proving the efficacy of this novel masking strategy for aromatic hydroxyls. Combination with a Pd‐activated 5FU prodrug augmented the antiproliferative potency of the treatment, while displaying no activity in the absence of the Pd source, which illustrates the benefit of achieving controlled release of multiple approved therapeutics—sequentially or simultaneously—by the same bioorthogonal catalyst to increase anticancer activity.
Diradical Character Enhancement by Spacing: N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Analogues of Müller's Hydrocarbon
Authors: Rottschäfer Dennis , Busch Jasmin , Neumann Beate , Stammler Hans‐Georg , van Gastel Maurice , Kishi Ryohei , Nakano Masayoshi , Ghadwal Rajendra S. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractTwo‐fold C−C cross‐coupling of N‐heterocyclic carbenes [NHCs; SIPr=C(NArCH2)2, 1; IPr=C(NArCH)2, 2; Me‐IPr=C(NArCMe)2, 3; Ar=2,6‐iPr2C6H3] with 4,4′′‐diiodo‐p‐terphenyl under Ni catalysis furnished [(SIPr)(C6H4)3(SIPr)](I)2 (4), [(IPr)(C6H4)3(IPr)](I)2 (5), and [(Me‐IPr)(C6H4)3(Me‐IPr)](I)2 (6). Two‐electron reduction of 4–6 with KC8 readily afforded NHC analogues of Müller's hydrocarbon (MH), [(SIPr)(C6H4)3(SIPr)] (7), [(IPr)(C6H4)3(IPr)] (8), and [(Me‐IPr)(C6H4)3(Me‐IPr)] (9), respectively, as highly colored crystalline solids. Quantum chemical calculations suggested that the singlet ground state for 7–9 possesses a vertical singlet–triplet energy gap ΔES‐T of −7.24 to −7.60 kcal mol−1, which is significantly lower compared to that of the NHC analogues of Thiele's (TH) and Chichibabin's (CH) (18–38 kcal mol−1) hydrocarbons. Importantly, the calculated diradical character (y) of 7–9 (y≈0.6) is considerably higher compared to that of the related TH and CH (y=0.1–0.4), suggesting the open‐shell singlet character of 7–9.
Secure‐CamFlow: A device‐oriented security model to assist information flow control systems in cloud environments for IoTs
Authors: Khurshid Anum , Khan Abdul Nasir , Khan Fiaz Gul , Ali Mazhar , Shuja Junaid , Khan Atta ur Rehman 
Published: September 2018

SummaryRecent developments in the cloud technologies have motivated the migration of distributed large systems, specifically the Internet of Things to the cloud architecture. Since Internet of Things consist of a vast network and variety of objects, the cloud platform proves to be an ideal option. It is essential for the proper functioning of the Internet of Things to be able to share data among the system processes. The biggest problem faced during the transition of the IoTs to the cloud is the security of data especially while data sharing within the cloud and among its tenants. Information Flow Control mechanisms are one of the many solutions to enable a controlled sharing of data. Integration of Information Flow Control Systems to the existing architecture requires various levels of re‐engineering efforts. Moreover, most of the Information Flow Control systems focus on data flow within the cloud and neglect the security and integrity of data while it is being transferred to the cloud from various devices. This research focuses on securing the entire process of data migration to cloud from devices while the in‐cloud data flow is monitored by the Information Flow Control policies specified by the users. We have developed a prototype for the proposed model, and results are evaluated on the basis of energy consumption and execution time. As proposed model provides security services such as privacy, integrity, and authentication, hence it takes more execution time and consumes more energy as compared with the existing model.
An Energy‐Efficient One‐Pot Swelling/Esterification Method to Prepare Cellulose Nanofibers with Uniform Diameter
Authors: Song Yang , Chen Wei , Niu Xun , Fang Guigan , Min Huihua , Pan Hui 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAn energy‐efficient method has been developed to prepare 3–5 nm‐wide carboxyl‐functionalized cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) from pulp fiber by a simple one‐pot swelling followed by esterification process. Tetrabutylammonium acetate (TBAA)/dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) binary solvent is used as the swelling agent and the esterification medium admixed with maleic anhydride. All steps are performed at room temperature and no post‐mechanical treatment is needed. The highly efficient defibrillation of pulp fiber to CNFs is thought to be due to two factors: 1) swelling in TBAA/DMSO effectively loosens the structure of cellulose supermolecules by breaking the intra‐ and intermolecular hydrogen bonds between cellulose chains; and 2) the carboxyl groups grafted onto the cellulose molecules by esterification prohibit the reformulation of hydrogen bonds between cellulose chains and therefore stabilize the disperse CNFs with uniform diameter in solution. Other than acid anhydride, no catalyst is added for the esterification, which facilitates the recycling and reuse of the binary solvent. This energy‐efficient one‐pot method could facilitate the large‐scale manufacture of bio‐based nanomaterials.
Anorectic efficacy and safety of the diethylpropion‐topiramate combination in rats
Authors: Cortés‐Moreno Gabriela Y. , Roa‐Coria José E. , Zúñiga‐Romero Ángel , Huerta‐Cruz Juan C. , Lara‐Padilla Eleazar , del Valle‐Laisequilla Cecilia F. , Rocha‐González Héctor I. , Reyes‐García Juan G. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Preclinical Research & Development

Current drugs for obesity treatment have limited efficacy and considerable adverse effects. Combination of drugs with complementary mechanisms of action at lower doses may produce a greater efficacy with a better safety profile. This study was designed to assess the anorectic effect and safety of a diethylpropion + topiramate mixture in rats. The anorectic effect of drugs was measured using a sweetened milk consumption model, and the corresponding interaction was determined by isobolographic analysis, interaction index and confidence intervals. Additionally, blood pressure was measured using a sphygmomanometer in the rat tail. Diethylpropion and topiramate alone or in combination increased the anorectic effect in a dose‐dependent fashion in either nondeprived or 12 hr food‐deprived rats. All theoretical ED30 values of diethylpropion + topiramate combinations at 1:1, 1:3, and 3:1 dose ratios were significantly higher than experimental ED30 values. In addition, interaction indices and confidence intervals confirmed the potentiation between both drugs. Theoretical ED30 of diethylpropion + topiramate combination did not affect the blood pressure. Data suggests that low doses of the diethylpropion + topiramate combination can potentiate the anorectic effect of individual drugs with a better safety profile, which deserves further investigation in clinical trials.
Evaluation of phytomedicinal potential of perillyl alcohol in an in vitro Parkinson's Disease model
Authors: Anis Ehraz , Zafeer Mohd Faraz , Firdaus Fakiha , Islam Shireen Naaz , Fatima Mahino , Mobarak Hossain M 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Preclinical Research & Development

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder that affects approximately 10 million people worldwide. The risk of developing PD and similar neurodegenerative disorders increases with age and an estimated 4% people are diagnosed with the disease before reaching the age of 50. Oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, and mitochondrial dysfunction are common features exhibited in the development of PD. The 6‐hyroxydopamine (6‐OHDA) model of PD is one of the most well characterized and studied models of the disease. 6‐OHDA, a neurotoxin, can induce most characteristic features of the disease, including mitochondrial dysfunction in‐vivo and in‐vitro. SH‐SY5Y is a neuroblastoma cell line of human origin that has been used for dose response studies on PD in the past. Based on previous data, we have used SH‐SY5Y cells as an in‐vitro model of PD to analyse the phytomedicinal potential of perillyl alcohol (PA), a monoterpenoid obtained from essential oils of various plants such as sage, peppermint and lavender. We have found that pretreatment with PA (10 μM and 20 μM) mitigated 6‐OHDA (150 μM) induced cytotoxicity in a dose‐dependent manner. We observed marked restoration of cell viability and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) as well as reduced reactive oxygen species generation, Cytochrome c immunofluorescence and DNA fragmentation after treatment with PA. On the basis of on our data, we have come to the conclusion that PA demonstrates sufficient neuroprotective activity to provide new avenues in therapy of PD and its apparent target being restoration of MMP can lead to better understanding of the disease.
Impact of eating disorders on obstetric outcomes in a large clinical sample: A comparison with the HUNT study
Authors: Eik‐Nes Trine Tetlie , Horn Julie , Strohmaier Susanne , Holmen Turid L. , Micali Nadia , Bjørnelv Sigrid 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveCurrent evidence from clinical studies suggests that having an active eating disorder (ED) during pregnancy is associated with unfavorable obstetric outcomes. However, the role of a lifetime diagnosis of ED is not fully understood. Variations in findings suggest a need for additional studies of maternal ED. This study aims to identify associations between a lifetime ED and obstetric outcomes.MethodData from a hospital patient register and a population‐based study (The HUNT Study) were linked to the Medical Birth Registry in Norway. Register based information of obstetric complications (preeclampsia, preterm birth, perinatal deaths, small for gestational age (SGA), large for gestational age (LGA), Caesarean sections, and 5‐min Apgar score) were acquired for 532 births of women with ED and 43,657 births of non‐ED women. Multivariable regression in generalized estimating equations was used to account for clusters within women as they contributed multiple births to the dataset.ResultsAfter adjusting for parity, maternal age, marital status, and year of delivery, lifetime history of anorexia nervosa was associated with increased odds of having offspring who were SGA (Odds ratio (OR) 2.7, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.4–5.2). Women with a lifetime history of bulimia nervosa had higher odds of having a Caesarian section (OR 1.7 95% CI 1.1–2.5). Women with EDNOS/sub‐threshold ED had a higher likelihood of having a low Apgar score at 5 min (OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.1–8.8).ConclusionOur study corroborates available evidence on the associations between maternal ED and adverse obstetric outcomes.
The influence of gender on the evaluation of anorexia nervosa
Authors: Roberts Savannah R. , Ciao Anna C. , Czopp Alexander M. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA stereotype exists that anorexia nervosa (AN) is a “female” disorder. As a result, men with AN may face harsher stigmatization from their peers or go undiagnosed. The shifting standards model provides a framework to explore how gender stereotypes impact perceptions of AN. Participants (N = 438) were given a vignette of a person with symptoms of AN labeled as either male or female. Assessments were experimentally manipulated according to the shifting standards perspective: participants were asked if they were concerned (or convinced) that the target had AN and then indicated the severity of behavioral symptoms (calorie reduction, pounds lost per week, and hours of exercise) needed to make them concerned (or convinced) of AN. Participants were more likely to state that the male target had AN compared to the female target (p = .036) whereas women were more likely to believe an individual had AN than men, regardless of the target gender (p < .001). In addition, men required that the male target have more severe symptoms to assign an AN diagnosis than women (p = .005). In general, severity ratings for symptoms were quite high, indicating a normalization of unhealthy weight loss practices. These results confirm that gender affects the perception of AN, though they do not conform to expectations within the shifting standards model. Instead, they suggest that a male target is more readily identified as having AN than a female target with AN when exhibiting identical symptoms.
Improving motivation to change amongst individuals with eating disorders: A systematic review
Authors: Denison‐Day James , Appleton Katherine M , Newell Ciarán , Muir Sarah 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectivePeople with eating disorders can have low motivation to change their eating disorder behaviors. Interventions aiming to enhance motivation to change have been increasingly advocated in their treatment. Questions remain regarding the strength of the evidence supporting the effectiveness of interventions that specifically focus on improving motivation. This review explored the evidence for improving motivation to change in eating disorders via clinical interventions.MethodSearches of the published and unpublished literature were conducted by searching databases (PubMed, PsychInfo, Web of Science) and trial registries (WHO ICTRP), and by contacting authors. Studies were included if they investigated an intervention for eating disorder patients, included a pre‐post outcome measure of motivation to change and were published in English. Risk of bias was also assessed.ResultsForty‐two studies were included in the final review. Evidence was found to support the use of interventions to improve motivation to change, though it was unclear whether motivational interventions present a more effective option than approaches that do not exclusively or specifically focus on motivation. However, motivational interventions were identified as being more effective than low intensity treatments. Risk of bias in included studies was generally high.DiscussionMotivation was found to increase across treatments in general, whether or not the focus of the intervention was on enhancing motivation. It is unclear if interventions specifically targeting motivation to change provide additional benefit over and above established treatment approaches.