bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Influencing the Separation of Glu-Plasminogen Affinity Forms I and II by Affinity Chromatography
Authors: Traas Daan W , Nobel Bep Hoegee-de , Nieuwenhuizen Willem 
Published: July 2018

SummaryNative human plasminogen, the proenzyme of plasmin (E. C. 3.4.21.7) occurs in blood in two well defined forms, affinity forms I and II. In this paper, the feasibility of separating these forms of human native plasminogen by affinity chromatography, is shown to be dependent on two factors: 1) the ionic composition of the buffer containing the displacing agent: buffers of varying contents of sodium, Tris, phosphate and chloride ions were compared, and 2) the type of adsorbent. Two adsorbents were compared: Sepharose-lysine and Sepharose-bisoxirane-lysine. Only in the phosphate containing buffers, irrespective of the type of adsorbent, the affinity forms can be separated. The influence of the adsorbent can be accounted for by a large difference in dissociation constants of the complex between plasminogen and the immobilized lysine.
The Dexamethasone-Induced Inhibitor of Plasminogen Activator in Hepatoma Cells Is Antigenically-Related to an Inhibitor Produced by Bovine Aortic Endothelial Cells
Authors: Loskutoff David J , Roegner Karen , Erickson Larry A , Schleef Raymond R , Huttenlocher Anna , Coleman Patrick L , Gelehrter Thomas D 
Published: July 2018

SummaryGlucocorticoids decrease plasminogen activator (PA) activity in HTC rat hepatoma cells by inducing a specific inhibitor of PA activity (PAI). This inhibitor is similar in several biochemical properties to the PAI purified from bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEs). We have used reverse fibrin autography and antiserum against BAE PAI to establish more fully the biochemical and immunological relationship of these inhibitors. Both inhibitors migrated with an apparent Mr of approximately 50,000, and the activity of both PAIs was stimulated by treatment with SDS suggesting that each of these molecules exists in both an active and a latent form. Antiserum to the BAE PAI immunoprecipi-tated all of the HTC PAI demonstrable by reverse fibrin autography. Finally, using this antiserum in a functional immunoassay, we have demonstrated that dexamethasone increases both active and latent PAI made by HTC cells. These results, indicate that HTC PAI and BAE PAI are antigenically as well as biochemically related molecules.
The Influence of DDAVP Infusion on the Coagulation and Fibrinolytic Response to Surgery
Authors: Melissari E , Scully M F , Paes V , Ellis V , Kakkar V V 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThe response of components of the coagulation and fibrinolysis systems to infusion of DDAVP has been examined in patients undergoing elective surgery. In the DDAVP treated group there was a significant increase, compared to control, in plasminogen activator (by fibrin plates p <0.005, ECLT p <0.0125, by Student’s t test) before operation. No difference between groups was seen by either methods in the activator levels in samples 24 h postoperation, whereas a significant drop (p <0.002) in protein C concentration was observed at this stage in the treated group. Levels of factor VIII components were significantly higher (p <0.005) than control at all stages of operation and a significant shortening (5 sec p <0.05) of the APTT was seen at all stages (apart from 24 h samples). DDAVP infusion therefore may exacerbate the hypercoagulable state observed in surgical patients without preventing the (post-operatively) fibrinolytic shutdown. Instead, infusion tends to produce fibrinolytic depletion at the key mid-operative stage.
Long Lasting Sitting Position and Haemostasis
Authors: Makris P E , Louizou C , Markakis C , Tsakiris D A , Mandalaki T 
Published: July 2018

SummaryBlood coagulation, fibrinolysis and platelet aggregability were assessed in 8 physicians aged 30-40 years, who had travelled nonstop by car from Salonica to Athens (510 km) and returned to Salonica after 48 h of rest and after administration of 1 g of aspirin. At the end of journey A, platelet aggregability was found to be increased (6 out of 8 persons), AT III was decreased by 30% (p <0.001), the FVIIIiC / FVIIIRiAg ratio was decreased (p <0.02) and ELT was prolonged. At the end of journey B the findings were the following: platelet aggregation was not affected, the decrease of AT III was not statistically significant and ELT was significantly shortened (p <0.005).A common finding of both journeys was the increase of platelet counts at the end (p <0.005).The correlation between long lasting sitting and the response of the haemostatic balance is suggested. The influence of aspirin is discussed.
Prosodic and morphological focus marking in Ixcatec (Otomanguean)
Authors: Adamou Evangelia , Gordon Matthew , Gries Stefan Th. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
This paper presents the first description of the expression of focus in Ixcatec, a nearly extinct language of Mexico. The study is based on experimental tasks carried out with the last three fluent speakers of Ixcatec. Prosodic analysis shows that in Ixcatec, a language with three lexical tones, contrastive focus is associated with raised F0, lack of focus is marked through lowered F0 and decreased duration, and corrective focus is signaled through various speaker-specific means. Finally, this study shows that morphological and phonetic properties display a complex interaction that contradicts the view that focus may be conveyed through either morphological or phonetic exponents but not both.
Factors behind variation in marking information structure
Authors: Mithun Marianne 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Prosody and morphosyntax are exploited in most languages for expressing information structure, but the contributions of each vary. Some of the factors underlying the both cross-linguistic similarities and the variation are differences between the two, in particular (i) their patterns of development through time and (ii) their categoriality. While prosody does not normally lose its pragmatic force with frequency of use, syntactic and morphological constructions do. While pitch, intensity, and rhythm, are matters of degree, syntactic and morphological constructions, such as particular orders or the presence of markers, are categorical. Prosodic patterns appear to be tied to cognition more directly, such as the packaging of information into intonation units and correlations between prosodic prominence and pragmatic strength. These are generally more widespread. Syntactic and morphological patterns, the result of development over time, show more cross-linguistic variation. Interactions between the two are illustrated with examples from spontaneous speech in Central Pomo, a language indigenous to California. The patterns include the packaging of information into intonation units, the expression of different kinds of topics (given and continuing, continuing but reconfirmed, shifted, contrastive), and different kinds of focus (broad, narrow of various types, contrastive, corrective, exhaustive, and additive).
Subjects and focus in clefts
Authors: Palancar Enrique L. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
This paper is an exploration of the syntax-pragmatics interface in the pseudo-clefts of Tilapa Otomi, an Oto-Manguean language of Mexico. The goal of this paper is to show that the focus phrase in the clefts of Tilapa Otomi is the subject of the cleft construction, which is entirely based on the copular construction. This claim has a theoretical interest because the alignment of focus and subject has been tainted as problematic in certain approaches to clefts that want the subject to be the topic. The subject in clefts in Tilapa Otomi conveys contrastive focus, but clefts in Tilapa Otomi may also be used as thetic constructions to express broad focus, in which case it is the whole clause that is in focus.
1337 EURAMET.EM.M-S2 : supplementary comparison of national standard facilities in the field of measuring the polarization and specific total power loss in soft magnetic materials
Authors: Albrecht M , Malygin M A , Kupec Josef , Ulvr Michal , Appino Carlo , Hall Michael , Turner Steven 
Published: July 2018

The unit magnetic power loss is essential for the development and optimization of soft magnetic materials for electromagnetic generators and engines. For the maintenance of the corresponding measuring systems in accordance to IEC 60404 it is necessary to compare the measurement facilities used by the NMIs involved. Since the last comparison has been accomplished in 1999 and the request for precise values for many of the actual applications is increasing in 2015 the decision was made to start a new international comparison. The work was done in the framework of the supplementary comparison 1337 EURAMET.EM.M.S2. Four NMIs of EURAMET and one NMI of COOMET took part to get information about their equipment used for the measurement of the magnetic power loss. A selection of a variety of samples was used. One grain-oriented, one homogenous Epstein-sample, one grain oriented, and one homogenous ring kernel where send to the NMIs to measure the specific power loss. After the evaluation of the data in agreement with the rules of EURAMET the results of the NMIs participating in the comparison can be judged as concerted which is an objective confirmation of the declared uncertainties. Only one partner should improve his equipment or widen the range of uncertainty.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCEM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Information Access, Conservation Practice Choice, and Rent Seeking in Conservation Procurement Auctions: Evidence from a Laboratory Experiment
Authors: Banerjee Simanti , Conte Marc N. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractExisting research emphasizes the sensitivity of conservation auction performance and bidder behavior to auction design choices, as these auctions are not incentive compatible, meaning rent seeking must be controlled. Procuring agencies must decide how to provide bidders with information about the environmental quality of different conservation practices to manage the trade‐off between an increased probability of selecting the optimal practice and increased rent‐seeking behavior associated with this information. We use an induced‐value laboratory experiment to explore how access to quality information and variation in the bid‐submission protocol can best be combined to improve auction performance. We find that the auction performs best when a bid‐menu format, in which participants submit bids for all their practices, is combined with information about the environmental quality rank of available conservation practices.
gMCS: fast computation of genetic minimal cut sets in large networks
Authors: Apaolaza Iñigo , Valcarcel Luis Vitores , Planes Francisco J 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Motivation
The identification of minimal gene knockout strategies to engineer metabolic systems constitutes one of the most relevant applications of the COnstraint-Based Reconstruction and Analysis (COBRA) framework. In the last years, the minimal cut sets (MCSs) approach has emerged as a promising tool to carry out this task. However, MCSs define reaction knockout strategies, which are not necessarily transformed into feasible strategies at the gene level.

Results
We present a more general, easy-to-use and efficient computational implementation of a previously published algorithm to calculate MCSs to the gene level (gMCSs). Our tool was compared with existing methods in order to calculate essential genes and synthetic lethals in metabolic networks of different complexity, showing a significant reduction in model size and computation time.

Availability and implementation
gMCS is publicly and freely available under GNU license in the COBRA toolbox (https://github.com/opencobra/cobratoolbox/tree/master/src/analysis/gMCS).

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Temporal-Order-Based Attentional Priority Modulates Mnemonic Representations in Parietal and Frontal Cortices
Authors: Yu Qing , Shim Won Mok 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The respective roles of occipital, parietal, and frontal cortices in visual working memory maintenance have long been under debate. Previous work on whether parietal and frontal regions convey mnemonic information has yielded mixed findings. One possibility for this variability is that the mnemonic representations in high-level frontoparietal regions are modulated by attentional priority, such as temporal order. To test this hypothesis, we examined whether the most recent item, which has a higher attentional priority in terms of temporal order, is preferentially encoded in frontoparietal regions. On each trial, participants viewed 2 gratings with different orientations in succession, and were cued to remember one of them. Using fMRI and an inverted encoding model, we reconstructed population-level, orientation representations in occipital (V1–V3), parietal (IPS), and frontal (FEF) areas during memory maintenance. Unlike early visual cortex where robust orientation representations were observed regardless of serial order, parietal, and frontal cortices showed stronger representations when participants remembered the second grating. A subsequent experiment using a change detection task on color rings excluded the possibilities of residual stimulus-driven signals or motor preparative signals for responses. These results suggest that mnemonic representations in parietal and frontal cortices are modulated by temporal-order-based attentional priority signals.
An Autism-Related, Nonsense Foxp1 Mutant Induces Autophagy and Delays Radial Migration of the Cortical Neurons
Authors: Li Xue , Han Xin , Tu Xiaomeng , Zhu Dan , Feng Yue , Jiang Tian , Yang Youping , Qu Jia , Chen Jie-Guang 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder that has a strong genetic component. Disruptions of FOXP1, a transcription factor expressed in the developing cerebral cortex, were associated with ASD. FOXP1(R525X) is a de novo heterozygous mutation found in patients with autism and severe mental retardation. To explore the neuronal basis of FOXP1(R525X) in ASD, we created Foxp1(R521X), a mouse homolog of the human variant. Ectopic expression of Foxp1(R521X) led to cytoplasmic aggregates and activated macroautophagy in neuroblastoma N2a cells and the developing neuronal cells. Cortical neurons expressing Foxp1(R521X) exhibited delayed migration and altered dendritic morphology. As a control, mutant Y435X that was expressed diffusively in the cytoplasm did not induce autophagy and migration delay in the cortex. The embryonic cortical cells had a minimal activity of nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) as assayed by a splicing-dependent NMD reporter. We hypothesize that the developing neuronal cells use autophagy but not NMD as a safeguard mechanism against nonsense mutant aggregates, resulting in impairment of the cortical development. This study suggests a novel mechanism other than heterozygous loss of FOXP1 for the development of ASD and may advance our understanding of the complex relationships between gene mutation and the related psychiatric disorders.
Parent-offspring conflict over reproductive timing: ecological dynamics far away and at other times may explain spawning variability in Pacific herring
Authors: Ljungström Gabriella , Francis Tessa B , Mangel Marc , Jørgensen Christian 
Published: July 2018

AbstractTiming of reproduction may be of crucial importance for fitness, particularly in environments that vary seasonally in food availability or predation risk. However, for animals with spatially separated feeding and breeding habitats, optimal reproductive timing may differ between parents and their offspring, leading to parent-offspring conflict. We assume that offspring have highest survival and fitness if they are spawned around a fixed date, and use state-dependent life-history theory to explore whether variation in conditions affecting only parents (food availability and survival) may influence optimal timing of reproduction. We apply the model to Pacific herring (Clupea palasii) in Puget Sound, USA, where 20 subpopulations spawn at different times of the year. Our model suggests that relatively small differences in adult food availability can lead to altered prioritization in the trade-off between maternal fecundity and what from the offspring’s perspective is the best time to be spawned. Our model also shows that observed among-population variability in reproductive timing may result from adults using different feeding grounds with divergent food dynamics, or from individual variation in condition caused by stochasticity at a single feeding ground. Identifying drivers of reproductive timing may improve predictions of recruitment, population dynamics, and responses to environmental change.
Undermining the Restorative Potential of Compensatory Consumption: A Product’s Explicit Identity Connection Impedes Self-Repair
Authors: Rustagi Nimish , Shrum L J 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
When people experience threats to important aspects of their self-concept (e.g., power, intelligence, sociability), they often compensate by consuming products that symbolize success, mastery, or competence on the threatened self-domain (within-domain compensatory consumption). Our research examines whether such compensatory consumption is effective in repairing the self-concept. Across seven experiments, we show that whether compensatory consumption is effective depends on the extent to which the connection between the compensatory products and the threatened domains is made explicit. When the connections are made explicit (e.g., through product names and marketing slogans), self-repair is impeded, but when the connections are only implicit (product is inherently symbolic of self-threat domain), self-repair can be successful. We further show that these differential effects of product connection explicitness are mediated by rumination: explicit connections induce rumination about the self-threat, which undermines self-repair, whereas implicit connections cause no rumination, facilitating self-repair. Our research provides a reconciliation of conflicting findings on self-repair in previous research, and also shows that despite the differences in efficacy, consumers compensate regardless of whether product connections are implicit or explicit, which has implications for consumer well-being.
Benzene Exposure Response and Risk of Myeloid Neoplasms in Chinese Workers: A Multicenter Case–Cohort Study
Authors: Linet Martha S , Gilbert Ethel S , Vermeulen Roel , Dores Graça M , Yin Song-Nian , Portengen Lutzen , Hayes Richard B , Ji Bu-Tian , Lan Qing , Li Gui-Lan , Rothman Nathaniel ,   Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention–US National Cancer Institute Benzene Study Group, Ding Cheng-yu , Dores Graça M , Gao Yuan , Gilbert Ethel S , Hayes Richard B , Ji Bu-Tian , Lan Qing , Li Gui-Lan , Li Gui-Zhen , Linet Martha S , Liu Lian-Cui , Ni Yun-E , Niu Xin-Hua , Portengen Lutzen , Rothman Nathaniel , Sun Gui-Fen , Tang Qiang , Tian Hao-Yuan , Vermeulen Roel , Xiao Lu-Wu , Yin Song-Nian , Zhao Hong-Bin , Zhou Guang-Fa , Zhou Jie-Sen 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundThere is international consensus that benzene exposure is causally related to acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and more recent evidence of association with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). However, there are uncertainties about the exposure response, particularly risks by time since exposure and age at exposure.MethodsIn a case–cohort study in 110 631 Chinese workers followed up during 1972–1999 we evaluated combined MDS/AML (n = 44) and chronic myeloid leukemia (n = 18). We estimated benzene exposures using hierarchical modeling of occupational factors calibrated with historical routine measurements, and evaluated exposure response for cumulative exposure and average intensity using Cox regression; P values were two-sided.ResultsIncreased MDS/AML risk with increasing cumulative exposure in our a priori defined time window (2 to <10 years) before the time at risk was suggested (Ptrend = 08). For first exposure (within the 2 to <10-year window) before age 30 years, the exposure response was stronger (P = .004) with rate ratios of 1.12 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.27 to 4.29), 5.58 (95% CI = 1.65 to 19.68), and 4.50 (95% CI = 1.22 to 16.68) for cumulative exposures of more than 0 to less than 40, 40 to less than 100, and at least 100 ppm-years, respectively, compared with no exposure. There was little evidence of exposure response after at least 10 years (Ptrend = .94), regardless of age at first exposure. Average intensity results were generally similar. The risk for chronic myeloid leukemia was increased in exposed vs unexposed workers, but appeared to increase and then decrease with increasing exposure.ConclusionFor myeloid neoplasms, the strongest effects were apparent for MDS/AML arising within 10 years of benzene exposure and for first exposure in the 2 to less than 10-year window before age 30 years.
The growth and entrainment of cold gas in a hot wind
Authors: Gronke Max , Oh S Peng 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT
Both absorption and emission-line studies show that cold gas around galaxies is commonly outflowing at speeds of several hundred km s−1. This observational fact poses a severe challenge to our theoretical models of galaxy evolution since most feedback mechanisms (e.g. supernovae feedback) accelerate hot gas, and the time-scale it takes to accelerate a blob of cold gas via a hot wind is much larger than the time it takes to destroy the blob. We revisit this long-standing problem using three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations with radiative cooling. Our results confirm previous findings that cooling is often not efficient enough to prevent the destruction of cold gas. However, we also identify regions of parameter space where the cooling efficiency of the mixed, ‘warm’ gas is sufficiently large to contribute new comoving cold gas, which can significantly exceed the original cold gas mass. This happens whenever, tcool, mix/tcc &lt; 1, where tcool, mix is the cooling time of the mixed warm gas and tcc is the cloud-crushing time. This criterion is always satisfied for a large enough cloud. Cooling ‘focuses’ stripped material on to the tail where mixing takes place and new cold gas forms. A sufficiently large simulation domain is crucial to capturing this behaviour.