bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical activity and chronic diseases among older people in a mid-size city in China: a longitudinal investigation of bipolar effects
Authors: Zhou Peiling , Hughes Anne K. , Grady Sue C. , Fang Li 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Background
While previous studies have shown that regular physical activity can delay the onset of certain chronic diseases; less is known about the changes in physical activity practices following chronic disease diagnoses. China is experiencing a rapid aging transition, with physical activity an important routine in many older people’s lives. This study utilizes the Health Belief Model to better understand the bidirectional relationships and bipolar effects between physical activity and chronic disease burden in Huainan City, a mid-sized city in China.

Methods
Longitudinal health survey data (2010–2015) from annual clinic visits for 3198 older people were obtained from a local hospital, representing 97% of the older population in three contiguous neighborhoods in Huainan City. The chronic diseases studied included obesity, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular diseases, liver and biliary system diseases, and poor kidney function. Multilevel logistic regression was used to examine differences in physical activity levels across socio-demographic groups. Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine the impacts of physical activity practice levels on chronic disease onsets. Logistic regression was used to estimate the effects of chronic disease diagnosis on physical activity practice levels.

Results
The prevalence of chronic diseases increased with increasing age, among men, and those with a lower education. Older people who were physically active experienced a later onset of chronic disease compared to their sedentary counterparts, particularly for obesity and diabetes. Following diagnosis of a chronic disease, physically active older people were more likely to increase their physical activity levels, while sedentary older people were less likely to initiate physical activity, demonstrating bipolar health trajectory effects.

Conclusions
Health disparities among older people may widen as the sedentary experience earlier onsets of chronic diseases and worse health trajectories, compared to physically active people. Future health education communication and programmatic interventions should focus on sedentary and less healthy older populations to encourage healthy aging. These lessons from China may be applied to other countries also experiencing an increasing aging population.
The effects of synbiotic supplementation on hormonal status, biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in subjects with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Nasri Khadijeh , Jamilian Mehri , Rahmani Elham , Bahmani Fereshteh , Tajabadi-Ebrahimi Maryam , Asemi Zatollah 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Background
To our knowledge, no reports are available indicating the effects of synbiotic supplementation on hormonal status, biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in subjects with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This research was done to assess the effects of synbiotic supplementation on hormonal status, biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in subjects with PCOS.

Methods
This randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted on 60 subjects diagnosed with PCOS according to the Rotterdam criteria. Subjects were randomly assigned into two groups to take either synbiotic (n = 30) or placebo (n = 30) for 12 weeks. Endocrine, inflammation and oxidative stress biomarkers were quantified at baseline and after the 12-week intervention.

Results
After the 12-week intervention, compared with the placebo, synbiotic supplementation significantly increased serum sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) (changes from baseline in synbiotic group: + 19.8 ± 47.3 vs. in placebo group: + 0.5 ± 5.4 nmol/L, p = 0.01), plasma nitric oxide (NO) (changes from baseline in synbiotic group: + 5.5 ± 4.8 vs. in placebo group: + 0.3 ± 9.1 μmol/L, p = 0.006), and decreased modified Ferriman Gallwey (mF-G) scores (changes from baseline in synbiotic group: − 1.3 ± 2.5 vs. in placebo group: − 0.1 ± 0.5, p = 0.01) and serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (changes from baseline in synbiotic group: − 950.0 ± 2246.6 vs. in placebo group: + 335.3 ± 2466.9 ng/mL, p = 0.02). We did not observe any significant effect of synbiotic supplementation on other hormonal status and biomarkers of oxidative stress.

Conclusions
Overall, synbiotic supplementation for 12 weeks in PCOS women had beneficial effects on SHBG, mFG scores, hs-CRP and NO levels, but did not affect other hormonal status and biomarkers of oxidative stress.

Trial registration
This study was retrospectively registered in the Iranian website (www.irct.ir) for registration of clinical trials (IRCT201509115623N53), on 2015–09-27.
Reducing Wait Time Between Admission and Chemotherapy Initiation
Authors: Gupta Arjun , Li Jenny , Tawfik Bernard , Pham Thao , Pathak Sudarshan , Singh Prabhjyot , Porsa Esmaeil , Sadeghi Navid , Li Hsiao C. 
Published: April 2018

Purpose: Reducing the length of stay is a high-priority objective for all health care institutions. Delays in chemotherapy initiation for planned preadmissions lead to patient dissatisfaction and prolonged length of stay. Patients and Methods: A multidisciplinary team was formed as part of the ASCO Quality Training Program. We aimed to reduce the time to initiation of chemotherapy from patient arrival at Parkland Hospital from a median of 6.2 hours at baseline to 4 hours over a 6-month period (35% reduction). The team identified inconsistency in blood work requirements, poor communication, and nonstandard patient arrival times as key causes of delay in the process. Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycles were implemented based on identified improvement opportunities. The outcome measure was time from arrival to chemotherapy start. Data were obtained from time stamps in the electronic health record. Results: The first PDSA cycle included patient reminders to arrive at specific times, improved communication using a smartphone secure messaging application, and preadmission notes by oncology fellows detailing whether fresh blood work were needed on admission. Baseline data from 36 patients and postimplementation data from 28 patients were analyzed. Median time from admission to chemotherapy initiation preprocess change was 6.2 hours; it was 3.2 hours postchange. A sustained shift in the process was apparent on a control chart. Conclusion: Delays in initiation of chemotherapy can be prevented using classic quality improvement methodology and a multidisciplinary team. We aim to further refine our PDSA cycles and ensure sustainability of change.
Sex and Gender Differences Research Design for Basic, Clinical, and Population Studies: Essentials for Investigators
Authors: Rich-Edwards Janet W , Kaiser Ursula B , Chen Grace L , Manson JoAnn E , Goldstein Jill M 
Published: April 2018

AbstractA sex- and gender-informed perspective increases rigor, promotes discovery, and expands the relevance of biomedical research. In the current era of accountability to present data for males and females, thoughtful and deliberate methodology can improve study design and inference in sex and gender differences research. We address issues of motivation, subject selection, sample size, data collection, analysis, and interpretation, considering implications for basic, clinical, and population research. In particular, we focus on methods to test sex/gender differences as effect modification or interaction, and discuss why some inferences from sex-stratified data should be viewed with caution. Without careful methodology, the pursuit of sex difference research, despite a mandate from funding agencies, will result in a literature of contradiction. However, given the historic lack of attention to sex differences, the absence of evidence for sex differences is not necessarily evidence of the absence of sex differences. Thoughtfully conceived and conducted sex and gender differences research is needed to drive scientific and therapeutic discovery for all sexes and genders.
Airway Management Practice in Adults With an Unstable Cervical Spine: The Harborview Medical Center Experience
Authors: Holmes Michael G. , Dagal Armagan , Feinstein Bryan A. , Joffe Aaron M. 
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND:
Airway management in the presence of acute cervical spine injury (CSI) is challenging. Because it limits cervical spine motion during tracheal intubation and allows for neurological examination after the procedure, awake fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) has traditionally been recommended. However, with the widespread availability of video laryngoscopy (VL), its use has declined dramatically. Our aim was to describe the frequency of airway management techniques used in patients with CSI at our level I trauma center and report the incidence of neurological injury attributable to airway management.

METHODS:
Adults presenting to the operating room with CSI without a tracheal tube in situ between September 2010 and June 2017 were included. All patients were intubated in the presence of manual-in-line stabilization, a hard cervical collar, or surgical traction. Worsening neurological status was defined as new motor or sensory deficits on postoperative examination.

RESULTS:
Two hundred fifty-two patients were included, of which 76 (30.2%) had preexisting neurological deficits. VL was the most frequent initial airway management technique used (49.6%). Asleep FOB was commonly performed alone (30.6%) or in conjunction with VL (13.5%). Awake FOB was rarely performed (2.3%), as was direct laryngoscopy (2.8%). All techniques were associated with high first-attempt success rates, and no cases of neurological injury attributable to airway management technique were identified.

CONCLUSIONS:
Among patients with acute CSI at a high-volume academic trauma center, VL was the most commonly used initial intubation technique. Awake FOB and direct laryngoscopy were performed infrequently. No cases of neurological deterioration secondary to airway management occurred with any method. Assuming care is taken to limit neck movement, providers should use the intubation technique with which they have the most comfort and skill.
Frontera, rutas y mercados ilegales. Hacia la reconstrucción de los flujos trasnacionales de sustancias ilegales en Argentina ( 2000 - 2014 )
Authors: Claus Waldemar , Gonzalez Gustavo , Spekuljak Pablo 
Published: April 2018

El presente artículo constituye un primer ejercicio de mapeo de las principales rutas asociadas al tráfico de drogas que tuvieron como uno de sus segmentos a la Argentina entre 2000 y 2014. A partir de la noción de rutas ordenamos en un mismo esquema una serie de datos significativos para describir el funcionamiento de estos mercados: el tipo de sustancias transportadas, los puntos de inicio y de destino, las distintas modalidades de transporte, los obstáculos que las organizaciones y redes de actores deben sortear para el tránsito de las sustancias (considerando entre ellos el rol de las fronteras inter-estatales), así como también la distribución de las diferentes etapas de producción, distribución y consumo a lo largo de sus diversos segmentos. Nos enfocamos, por último, en uno de los emergentes del análisis del período: la importancia del vínculo entre economías legales e ilegales en la estructuración de estos mercados.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM BERBASIS ADOBE FLASH PROFESSIONAL CS6 UNTUK MENDUKUNG IMPLEMENTASI KURIKULUM 2013
Authors: Hamidi Nur 
Published: April 2018

This study aims to produce a media interactive learning of Islamic education based on Adobe Flash Professional CS6 to support the implementation of the 2013 curriculum. The development model used is an ADDIE model. There are four stages of ADDIE development procedures, through which namely Analysis, Design, Develop, Implementation and Evaluation. This Media Interactive Learning of Islamic Education was based on Adobe Flash Professional CS6 which was evaluated by a media expert, a material expert, an IT expert, 2 peer reviewers and 2 PAI teachers. Limited trial was conducted on 10 students of class X SMP 1 Prambanan Yogyakarta to determine their responses to the product of media interactive learning of Islamic education based on Adobe Flash Professional CS6. Instrument used was a questionnaire check list. Results of limited testing of student responses indicated that media interactive learning of Islamic education based on Adobe Flash Professional CS6 had Good quality (79.71%). It canbe concluded that the media interactive learning based on Adobe Flash Professional CS6 fits as a source of learning Islamic education and it can be used in teaching Islamic education in relation to the implementation of the curriculum 2013.
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN AL-QUR’AN DI MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH NEGERI YOGYAKARTA II DAN SEKOLAH DASAR ISLAM TERPADU AL-KHAIRAAT YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Purwaka Sigit , Sukiman Sukiman 
Published: April 2018

The study of the Qur'an was originally derived from mosques, musholla or pesantren. Subsequent developments emerged Taman Kanak-kanak Al-Quran / Taman Pendidikan Al-Quran (TKA / TPA). Beginning in the early 2000s the spirit of learning Qur'an began to appear in formal educational institutions. Islamic private schools and madrasah began to intensify the study of the Qur'an which includes reading, writing and memorizing the Qur'an. The methods used are also very varied, among them are the Iqra method and Ummi method. This study intends to compile the effectiveness of learning the Qur'an using Iqra 'MIN Yogyakarta II method and Ummi SDIT Al-Khairaat Yogyakarta method. The results of this study indicate: from the side of the process, learning the Qur'an using Ummi method in SDIT Al-Khairaat run more effectively than in MIN Yogyakarta II using Iqra method. In terms of results, the study of the Qur'an with Iqra' method in MIN Yogyakarta II is as good or as effective as the result of learning Al-Qur'an by using Ummi method in SDIT Al-Khairaat Yogyakarta.
Pseudo-embeddings of the (point, k-spaces)-geometry of PG(n, 2) and projective embeddings of DW(2n − 1, 2)
Authors: Bruyn Bart De 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
We classify all homogeneous pseudo-embeddings of the point-line geometry defined by the points and k-dimensional subspaces of PG(n, 2), and use this to study the local structure of homogeneous full projective embeddings of the dual polar space DW(2n − 1, 2). Our investigation allows us to distinguish n possible types for such homogeneous embeddings. For each of these n types, we construct a homogeneous full projective embedding of DW(2n − 1, 2).
Ijiri and His Influence in Japan
Authors: Fukui Yoshitaka 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
I shall examine Yuji Ijiri’s influence on practice of accounting in Japan. His ground-breaking contribution to accounting scholarship is all the more important today because he stayed true to his beliefs - his ultimate quest for truth was never compromised by academic fad or fashion. We can and must learn from his legacy and uncompromising values whether we do research in Japan, the United States or elsewhere in the world.
Mutagenesis-induced conformational change in domain B of a pullulan-hydrolyzing α-amylase TVA I
Authors: Tonozuka Takashi , Nihira Takanori , Mizuno Masahiro , Nishikawa Atsushi , Kamitori Shigehiro 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
An α-amylase from Thermoactinomyces vulgaris, TVA I, hydrolyzes both α-1,4- and α-1,6-glucosidic linkages. Two variants of TVA I have been previously constructed, one containing a substitution of three residues, Ala357- Gln359-Tyr360, with Val-Asn-Glu (AQY/VNE), and the other bearing a deletion of 11 residues from Ala363 to Asn373 (Del11). The activities of both AQY/VNE and Del11 for the α-1,4-glucosidic linkage of maltotriose were decreased compared to that of wild-type TVA I, while the activities of the two variants for the α-1,6-glucosidic linkage of a trisaccharide, isopanose, were less significantly altered. Here, we determined the crystal structures of AQY/VNE and Del11. The structure of AQY/VNE was almost isomorphous with that of wild-type TVA I. On the other hand, the structure of Del11 showed that a conformational change in domain B was induced by the 11-residue deletion, causing narrowing of the catalytic cleft. Taken together with the results of kinetic analysis, this narrower catalytic cleft is likely responsible for the preference of the TVA I enzyme for the α-1,6-glucosidic linkage.
Thinking/Tragedy/Thinking Tragedy: Remarks on the Fate of Theory on Stage
Authors: Lehmann Hans-Thies 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The article thematizes the uniquely complex relation between theory and theatre by focusing on the specific case of theory presented on stage. Part One exposes an aporia of classical aesthetics: the aesthetic object is conceived as different from thought but at the same time it is demanded that its nucleus is thought. Commenting on a particularly telling example of theory on stage: Karl Marx: Das Kapital, Erster Band von Rimini Protokoll (2006), it is argued that the power of the performance is able to uncover under the surface of a seemingly well-known and well-ordered theory a mostly overlooked element of madness. Part Two deals with the Aristotelian gesture of thinking tragedy as a para-logical reality. The ‘logification’ of the aesthetic overlooks (or ‘forgets’) that all theoretical positing loses necessarily its earnest when appearing on stage. The paper concludes with a reflection on the enduring ‘unconscious’ Aristotelianism of the discourse on theatre and tragedy. Drawing on the research of Ulf Schmidt, the irreconcilable contradictoriness of the concepts of nous and fantasia is exposed which leads time and again to the hatred for the unruly playfulness of theatre in the classic tradition. The nobilitation of tragedy by Aristotle as more ‘philosophical’ than historiography must be unmasked as a ‘Trojan horse’ which serves the subordination of the tragic play to the jurisdiction of the philosophical discourse. Resisting theory’s attempt to transform the theatrical play into a mere double of a conceptual contradiction, theatre must insist on its moment of opaqueness, sheer materiality, defiant unreasonability.
Dramatic Measures: Comedy as Philosophical Paradigm
Authors: Street Anna 
Published: April 2018

AbstractTragedy’s overwhelming presence, presaged by the conspicuous absence of Aristotle’s treatise on comedy, has dominated the debate between philosophy and poetry ever since Plato, making tragedy the dominant paradigm for philosophical and performance practices. Over the last century, the gradual blurring of genre distinctions has led to George Steiner’s declaration of the ‘death of tragedy’ and to J. L. Styan’s recognition of the emergence of ‘dark comedy’, giving rise to a growing body of research on comedy. Nevertheless, despite the unprecedented attention, the prejudices against comedy run wide and deep, from philosophical neglect to high-brow conceptions of art all the way to underlying economies of power and social regulation. In consequence, comedy has been side-stepped as an inferior genre or mode, or rehabilitated as a truer or newer form of the tragic. The present study attempts to frame this prejudice as the result of theories of aesthetics and ethics which systematically exclude the comic vision, claiming that it is possible to trace a distinct corollary between the development of theories of genre and the development of philosophical aesthetic categories. The emphasis on the beautiful and the sublime, and its corresponding brand of ethics, can be linked to the flourishing of theories of tragedy, while the systematized rejection of the ugly, the ridiculous, and the ethically ambiguous can be shown to correspond to the floundering of theories of comedy, which remained largely neglected for over two thousand years. Much more than mere literary genres, the terms comedy and tragedy, when applied to the history of Western civilization, reveal the extent of our penchant for the speculative to the detriment of the actual.
On Parabolic Variational Inequalities with Multivalued Terms and Convex Functionals
Authors: Le Vy Khoi , Schmitt Klaus 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
In this paper, we consider the following parabolic variational inequality containing a multivalued term and a convex functional: Find

u
∈

L
p

⁢

(
0
,
T
;

W
0

1
,
p

⁢

(
Ω
)

)

{u\in L^{p}(0,T;W^{1,p}_{0}(\Omega))}

and

f
∈

F
⁢

(
⋅
,
⋅
,
u
)

{f\in F(\cdot,\cdot,u)}

such that

u
⁢

(
⋅
,
0
)

=

u
0

{u(\cdot,0)=u_{0}}

and

〈

u
t

+

A
⁢
u

,

v
-
u

〉

+

Ψ
⁢

(
v
)

-

Ψ
⁢

(
u
)

≥

∫
Q

f
⁢

(

v
-
u

)

⁢

𝑑

x

⁢

𝑑
t

for all
⁢
v

∈

L
p

⁢

(
0
,
T
;

W
0

1
,
p

⁢

(
Ω
)

)

,

\langle u_{t}+Au,v-u\rangle+\Psi(v)-\Psi(u)\geq\int_{Q}f(v-u)\,dx\,dt\quad% \text{for all }v\in L^{p}(0,T;W^{1,p}_{0}(\Omega)),

where A is the principal term; F is a multivalued lower-order term;

Ψ
⁢

(
u
)

=

∫
0
T

ψ
⁢

(
t
,
u
)

⁢

𝑑
t

{\Psi(u)=\int_{0}^{T}\psi(t,u)\,dt}

is a convex functional. Moreover, we study the existence and other properties of solutions of this inequality assuming certain growth conditions on the lower-order term F.
Existence and Asymptotic Behavior for the Ground State of Quasilinear Elliptic Equations
Authors: Zeng Xiaoyu , Zhang Yimin 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
In this paper, we are concerned with the existence and asymptotic behavior of minimizers of a minimization problem related to some quasilinear elliptic equations. Firstly, we prove that there exist minimizers when the exponent q is the critical one

q
*

=

2
+

4
N

{q^{*}=2+\frac{4}{N}}

. Then, we prove that all minimizers are compact as q tends to the critical case

q
*

{q^{*}}

when

a
<

a

q
*

{a<a_{q^{*}}}

is fixed. Moreover, we find that all the minimizers must blow up as the exponent q tends to the critical case

q
*

{q^{*}}

for any fixed

a
>

a

q
*

{a>a_{q^{*}}}

.
Multiple Solutions for Superlinear Fractional Problems via Theorems of Mixed Type
Authors: Ambrosio Vincenzo 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the existence of multiple solutions for the following two fractional problems:

{

(

-

Δ
Ω

)

s

⁢
u

-

λ
⁢
u

=

f
⁢

(
x
,
u
)

in
⁢
Ω

,

u

=
0

in
⁢

∂
⁡
Ω

and

{

(

-

Δ

ℝ
N

)

s

⁢
u

-

λ
⁢
u

=

f
⁢

(
x
,
u
)

in
⁢
Ω

,

u

=
0

in
⁢

ℝ
N

∖
Ω

,

\left\{\begin{aligned} \displaystyle(-\Delta_{\Omega})^{s}u-\lambda u&% \displaystyle=f(x,u)&&\displaystyle\text{in }\Omega,\\ \displaystyle u&\displaystyle=0&&\displaystyle\text{in }\partial\Omega\end{% aligned}\right.\qquad\text{and}\qquad\left\{\begin{aligned} \displaystyle(-% \Delta_{\mathbb{R}^{N}})^{s}u-\lambda u&\displaystyle=f(x,u)&&\displaystyle% \text{in }\Omega,\\ \displaystyle u&\displaystyle=0&&\displaystyle\text{in }\mathbb{R}^{N}% \setminus\Omega,\end{aligned}\right.

where

s
∈

(
0
,
1
)

{s\in(0,1)}

,

N
>

2
⁢
s

{N>2s}

, Ω is a smooth bounded domain of

ℝ
N

{\mathbb{R}^{N}}

, and

f
:

Ω
¯

×
ℝ

→
ℝ

{f:\bar{\Omega}\times\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}}

is a superlinear continuous function which does not satisfy the well-known Ambrosetti–Rabinowitz condition. Here

(

-

Δ
Ω

)

s

{(-\Delta_{\Omega})^{s}}

is the spectral Laplacian and

(

-

Δ

ℝ
N

)

s

{(-\Delta_{\mathbb{R}^{N}})^{s}}

is the fractional Laplacian in

ℝ
N

{\mathbb{R}^{N}}

. By applying variational theorems of mixed type due to Marino and Saccon and the Linking Theorem, we prove the existence of multiple solutions for the above problems.