bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating response to group CBT in young children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Swain Deanna , Murphy Haley G. , Hassenfeldt Tyler A. , Lorenzi Jill , Scarpa Angela 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMany children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit difficulties with negative affect. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) has been successfully adapted for individuals with ASD to treat these difficulties. In a wait-list control study, for example, group analyses showed promising results for young children with ASD using a developmentally adapted group CBT approach. This report examined response to group CBT in terms of individual-level change in young children with ASD. Eighteen children with ASD, aged 5–7 years, and their respective parents participated in treatment. Parents completed pre- and post-treatment measures of negative affect and related behaviours. Treatment responders and non-responders were grouped based on significant treatment outcomes as assessed by statistically significant change for lability/negativity and 20% decrease in intensity, duration or frequency of emotional outbursts. Results indicated that 67% of children met criteria as a treatment responder, showing meaningful improvement in at least two outcome measures. No significant group differences emerged for initial characteristics before treatment. Wilcoxon signed rank tests determined pre-/post-treatment change in parental confidence for each treatment responder group. Results indicated statistically significant increase for the treatment responder group in parent-reported confidence in their own ability and in their child's ability to manage the child's anger and anxiety, but these results were not significant for the treatment non-responder group. Results provide additional evidence that CBT can significantly decrease expressions of anger/anxiety in children with ASD as young as 5 years, yet also suggest need for further improvement.
CERTAIN MODERN IDEAS AND METHODS: “GEOMETRIC REALITY” IN THE MATHEMATICS OF CHARLOTTE ANGAS SCOTT
Authors: LORENAT JEMMA 
Published: March 2019

AbstractCharlotte Angas Scott (1858–1932) was an internationally renowned geometer, the first British woman to earn a doctorate in mathematics, and the chair of the Bryn Mawr mathematics department for forty years. There she helped shape the burgeoning mathematics community in the United States. Scott often motivated her research as providing a “geometric treatment” of results that had previously been derived algebraically. The adjective “geometric” likely entailed many things for Scott, from her careful illustration of diagrams to her choice of references and citations. This article will focus on Scott’s striking and consistent use of geometric to describe a reality of dynamic points, lines, planes, and spaces that could be manipulated analogously to physical objects. By providing geometric interpretations of algebraic derivations, Scott committed to an early-nineteenth-century aesthetic vision of a “whole” analytical geometry that she adapted to modern research areas.
Freedom of Religion, the ECtHR and Grassroots Mobilization on Religious Education in Turkey
Authors: Özgül Ceren 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis paper examines grassroots mobilizations in Turkey against the government's policies on religion and education (RE), and the potential effects of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR or the Court) on their mobilization. Specifically, it follows the ways in which grassroots actors frame their discourses of secularism and freedom of religion in education during a period when the Turkish government is aiming to increase the role of Sunni-Islam in national education, while at the same time refusing to implement ECtHR decisions regarding RE. Drawing on empirical research, it analyzes the role the ECtHR and its case law play in the diverse rights claims and discourses of three different types of mobilizations that is going on in the field of RE: (i) legal mobilization, and right to exemption and freedom from religion, (ii) political mobilization, and new discourses of pluralism and secularism, (iii) monitoring and policy-based mobilization and national and international advocacy for pluralism and equality in education.
Low profile dual band-stop super wideband printed monopole antenna with polarization diversity
Authors: Manohar Murli , Kshetrimayum Rakhesh Singh , Gogoi Anup Kumar 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA low profile super-wideband polarization diversity printed monopole antenna with dual band-notched characteristics is presented the first time. The designed antenna comprises two arched shaped radiating elements with two triangular tapered microstrip feed lines (TTMFL) and two arched shaped partial ground planes, which covers an enormously wide impedance bandwidth (BW) from 1.2 to 25 GHz (ratio BW of 20.8:3) for reflection coefficient |S11| < −10 dB. To ensure the high port isolation (better than − 30 dB) between two feeding ports over the whole bands, two analogous antennas have been kept perpendicular to each other at a distance of 1 mm. In addition, the dual band-notched performance in wireless local area network (5–6 GHz) and X-band (7.2–8.5 GHz) is generated by employing a pair of open-circuited stubs (L-shaped stub and horizontal stub) to the TTMFL. Envelop correlation coefficient has been computed to study the polarization diversity performance. Finally, the proposed antenna was fabricated and tested successfully. Measured results indicate that the proposed antenna is an appropriate candidate for the polarization diversity applications. The proposed antenna has a compact size of 40 × 70 × 0.787 mm3, high isolation, and occupies a small space compared with the existing antennas.
Do Self-Enhancing and Affiliative Humor Buffer for the Negative Associations of Quantitative and Qualitative Job Insecurity?
Authors: Van den Broeck Anja , Van Hootegem Anahí , Vander Elst Tinne , De Witte Hans 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe present study examines an important contemporary stressor: Job insecurity, both in terms of losing one’s job as such (i.e. quantitative job insecurity) and losing one’s valued job aspects (i.e., qualitative job insecurity). Moreover, we study whether humor assists in offsetting the negative associations of these types of job insecurity with employee well-being. Specifically, by drawing up the conservation of resources theory, self-enhancing and affiliative humor are framed as personal resources buffering the detrimental relationship of both types of job insecurity with burnout (i.e., exhaustion and cynicism) and work engagement (i.e., vigor and dedication) in a large heterogeneous sample of Belgian employees (N= 3,254). Results evidenced the detrimental main effects of quantitative and qualitative job insecurity as well as the beneficial relations of self-enhancing and affilitative humor on burnout and work engagement. In addition, the buffering role of affiliative humor was supported in the relationships of both quantitative and qualitative job insecurity with burnout. Self-enhancing humor only interacted with qualitative job insecurity in the prediction of exhaustion. The discussion centers around the importance of personal resources attenuating the negative associations of quantitative and quantitative job insecurity, and highlights the different roles of humor for employees’ work-related well-being.
Public Voting and Prosocial Behavior
Authors: Morton Rebecca B. , Ou Kai 
Published: March 2019

AbstractOne argument against secret ballots is that such procedures lead to more selfish voting behavior and that public voting can increase prosocial voting and the likelihood of prosocial outcomes when voters are not subject to intimidation and coercion from outside interests. We investigate this supposition as well as voter preferences over observability in voting in this context. We find that voters are significantly more likely to choose unselfishly when voting is public. These differences in behavior advantage prosocial choices in elections (by 27%) when voting is public. Moreover, voters appear to recognize these differences and a substantial minority of voters whose selfish preference is not the prosocial choice willingly choose public voting even though the likely outcome will be costly to themselves.
Folate and Vitamin B12 in Morbid Obesity: The Influence of Folate on Anti-Atherogenic Lipid Profile
Authors: Daviddi Giulia , Ricci Maria Anastasia , De Vuono Stefano , Gentili Alessandra , Boni Marcello , Lupattelli Graziana 
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Previous studies showed a high prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies in obese subjects, with low folate and vitamin B12 serum levels and intakes. Correlations between vitamins and lipids have been investigated both in animal and human studies. The aim of our study is to evaluate the influence of dietetic and serum levels of folate and vitamin B12 on lipid pattern in morbidly obese subjects. We also analysed the relationship between serum concentrations and dietary intake of these micronutrients, and compared the intakes to the Recommended Levels of Nutrients and Energy Intakes (LARN). In 122 morbidly obese patients, mean BMI 45 ± 7 kg/m2, we evaluated anthropometric parameters, hepatic, glyco/lipid profile, total folate and vitamin B12, blood pressure, and finally nutritional intakes in a subgroup of 68 patients using a food frequency questionnaire about the frequency of food consumption and daily water intake. These values were determined in obese patients before and one year after sleeve gastrectomy. Both before and after surgery, levels of vitamins and minerals remained in normal range compared to LARN. According to univariate analysis, at baseline folate showed a significantly positive correlation with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p = 0.028, ρ = 0.204), apolipoprotein A-I (p = 0.006, ρ = 0.268) and vitamin B12 (p = 0.040, ρ = 0.192), and a significantly negative correlation with triglycerides (p = 0.049, ρ = −0.184). Folate and vitamin B12 levels do not correlate with their nutritional intakes, which remain within recommended range after surgery. In conclusion the correlation between folate and anti-atherogenic lipid profile is confirmed also in a large group of morbid obese patients.
Vitamin D supplementation has no effect on matrix metalloproteinases-2, -9, and tissue inhibitor matrix metalloproteinase-1 in subjects with metabolic syndrome: A pilot study
Authors: Ghezel Aymaral , Salekzamani Shabnam , Mehralizadeh Hossein , Jafarabadi Mohammad Asghari , Gargari Bahram Pourghassem 
Published: March 2019

Abstract. The present randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on matrix metalloproteinases-2, -9 (MMP-2 and MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in subjects with metabolic syndrome. Forty-six eligible subjects were randomly assigned to either vitamin D or placebo groups for 16 weeks. The participants were asked to take 50,000 IU vitamin D or matching placebo every week. Metabolic and anthropometric indices, serum MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were assessed before and after intervention. Moreover, dietary intake, sun exposure and physical activity were also determined. The trial was registered at http://www.irct.ir (No. IRCT201409033140N14). Participants were 40.20 ± 4.60 y and 45.50% males. Compared to the baseline values, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 concentrations were decreased after 16 weeks in the intervention group (p = 0.03 and p = 0.04, respectively). However, the changes of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1 and hsCRP in the intervention group were not significant compared to the placebo group (p > 0.05). Furthermore, the metabolic or anthropometric indices between two study groups remained unchanged (p > 0.05). The findings of the present study demonstrated no effect of vitamin D supplementation on MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 concentrations in subjects with metabolic syndrome. However, there is a need for more longitudinal trials to investigate the role of vitamin D on atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases in subjects with metabolic syndrome.
Validation of a Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire for a Japanese Population in Hawaii
Authors: Pakseresht Mohammadreza , Earle Maj , Kolahdooz Fariba , Le Marchand Loïc , Sharma Sangita 
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Objective: To measure the validity of a quantitative food frequency questionnaire (QFFQ). Design : A cross-sectional validation study of the QFFQ against a four-day food record (4DR) using Spearman correlation, cross-classification, kappa statistics, and Bland–Altman plotting. Setting : The Gastroenterology Department of Kaiser Permanente Hawaii. Subjects: 76 healthy Japanese American men and women, aged 40–75 years. Results : Somewhat stronger average correlations were observed between the QFFQ and the 4DR for macronutrients compared to micronutrients (Spearman rho of 0.47 vs. 0.35). Moderate correlations between the two tools were observed for macronutrients (including saturated fatty acids and dietary fibre), iron, β-carotene, vitamin C, and ethanol ( rho: 0.38–0.58). Overall, stronger correlations were found among men than women between the two tools (mean rho 0.41 vs. 0.26). In a cross classification analysis, for more than 75% of the observations, a complete to relative agreement between the two methods was observed for fat, α-carotene, folate, vitamin D, and ethanol. Sex difference in agreement was minimal in cross-classification (overall extreme misclassification of 9.80% for men and 12.40% for women). Bland–Altman plots showed over-estimations of dietary fibre and α-carotene intake and an under-estimation of cholesterol intake by the QFFQ at high levels of consumption. However, the QFFQ estimation for fat, dietary fibre, folate, cholesterol, α-carotene, vitamins D and C, and ethanol intake was less than 7% different compared to the 4DR. Conclusions: The QFFQ has an adequate validity for fat, folate, vitamin D, and ethanol and can correctly categorize participants for intakes of cholesterol, dietary fibre, α-carotene, and zinc.
Evolution of Radiation Belt Electron Pitch Angle Distribution Due to Combined Scattering by Plasmaspheric Hiss and Magnetosonic Waves
Authors: Hua Man , Ni Binbin , Li Wen , Gu Xudong , Fu Song , Shi Run , Xiang Zheng , Cao Xing , Zhang Wenxun , Guo Yingjie 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBoth magnetosonic (MS) waves and plasmaspheric hiss can resonantly scatter outer radiation belt electrons, leading to various electron pitch angle distribution. Based on electron diffusion coefficients calculations and 2‐D Fokker‐Planck diffusion simulations, we perform a parametric study to quantitatively investigate the net electron scattering effect and the relative contributions of simultaneously occurring hiss and MS waves with groups of different wave amplitude combinations. It is found that the combined scattering effects are dominated by pitch angle scattering due to hiss emissions at L = 4, when their amplitude is comparable to or stronger than that of MS waves, thereby producing the butterfly, top‐hat, flat‐top, and pancake pitch angle distributions, while the butterfly distributions can evolve over a broader energy range when MS waves join the combined scattering effects. Our results demonstrate that the relative intensities of various plasma waves play an essential role in controlling the radiation belt electron dynamics.
Midlevel Cloud‐Base Turbulence: Radar Observations and Models
Authors: Kantha L. , Luce H. , Hashiguchi H. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMidlevel Cloud‐base Turbulence (MCT) caused by ice/snow precipitation from midlevel clouds falling into dry air below the cloud base and sublimating is investigated. MCT phenomena in the lower troposphere as revealed by the Middle and Upper atmosphere (MU) radar in Shigaraki, Japan, during the Shigaraki unmanned aerial vehicle and radar Experiment campaigns in the spring‐summer of 2015 and 2016 are described. The MU radar was operated in a high‐resolution (~20‐m) range imaging mode and hence revealed the structure of these MCTs in great detail. These MCT layers grew to hundreds of meters in thickness, often reaching nearly 2,000 m in depth, lasting often for as much as 24 hr. A simple analytical model and a second‐moment closure‐based turbulent mixing model are used to estimate the levels of turbulence kinetic energy and its dissipation rate in the MCT layer and compare them to those measured by the MU radar. The study shows that MCT can give rise to moderate levels of turbulence of potential interest to aviation, confirming conclusions reached by earlier pioneering studies. However, to our knowledge, this important process has not received the attention it deserves by the atmospheric community so far, and therefore, it is the principal goal of this paper to not only present some observations and preliminary modeling results, but also redraw the attention of atmospheric scientists to this important process.
Molecular Hysteresis: Hydrologically Driven Changes in Riverine Dissolved Organic Matter Chemistry During a Storm Event
Authors: Wagner Sasha , Fair Jennifer Hoyle , Matt Serena , Hosen Jacob D. , Raymond Peter , Saiers James , Shanley James B. , Dittmar Thorsten , Stubbins Aron 
Published: March 2019

AbstractHydrological events, driven by rainfall, control the amount and composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) mobilized through river networks. In forested watersheds, the concentration, composition, and reactivity of DOM exported changes as baseflow transitions to storm flow, with major implications to downstream biogeochemistry. Hysteresis describes an observed difference between in‐stream solute concentration/signal and discharge. By studying the relationship between DOM and stream discharge, we refine our understanding of the environmental and hydrological factors that influence the quantity and quality of stream DOM. The main objective of this study was to track hysteretic changes in riverine DOM molecular composition during storm events. Samples were collected from nested sites within the Passumpsic River catchment (Vermont, USA), a tributary of the Connecticut River. High‐resolution monitoring of fluorescent DOM (via in situ sensors) and automated collection of discrete samples captured short‐term, hydrologically driven variations in DOM concentration and composition. Ultrahigh‐resolution mass spectrometry revealed an enrichment in aliphatic compounds at storm onset, while aromatic and polyphenolic compounds were more enriched at peak discharge. Molecular hysteresis patterns were similar across stream orders, indicating that fresh, terrigenous DOM is quickly shunted downstream, through the river network, during pulses of high discharge.
The Local Aerosol Emission Effect on Surface Shortwave Radiation and Temperatures
Authors: Freychet N. , Tett S. F. B. , Bollasina M. , Wang K. C. , Hegerl G. C. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe local aerosol emission effect is investigated by comparing two numerical simulations (1982–2016) with the U.K. HadGEM3‐GA6 model nudged to the same ERA‐Interim circulation. One includes full historical Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 RCP4.5 aerosol emission changes while the second uses a monthly aerosol climatology from 1982. At global scale, the emission scenario does not change the mean surface energy balance, but it shows strong regional contrasts. Thus, we focus on regions where the change in emission has been the largest: North America, Europe, India, and China. No clear impact on temperature trends is found over China although aerosol emissions have increased in recent decades. This could be explained by a stronger role of meteorology in this region rather than direct surface heating, and also by a more limited change in aerosol optical depth compared to regions such as Europe. Other regions show clearer responses to aerosol effect, consistent with previous studies: cooler maximum temperatures (with historical emission compared to fixed emissions) where emissions have increased (North‐East of India) and warmer maximum temperatures where emissions have decreased (Europe). However, in each region, the interannual variability in temperatures is strongly controlled by the circulation. Precipitation is also locally decreased (0.5 mm/day) over North India during summer due to a reduction of moisture convergence in the boundary layer (where no nudging is applied). Based on these simulations, we suggest that radiation‐driven aerosol emission impacts on local surface temperature and precipitation are not linear and can be mitigated or cancelled by the local dynamics.
Analyses of Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter 1,064‐nm Albedo in Permanently Shadowed Regions of Polar Crater Flat Floors: Implications for Surface Water Ice Occurrence and Future In Situ Exploration
Authors: Qiao Le , Ling Zongcheng , Head James W. , Ivanov Mikhail A. , Liu Bin 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPotential water ice concentrated within the permanently shadowed regions (PSRs) near lunar poles is both scientifically significant and of value for future explorations. However, after decades of observations, the existence and characteristics of PSR water ice remain controversial. The 1,064‐nm laser reflectance measurements collected by the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA) onboard the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) provide a unique opportunity to detect and characterize PSR water ice. In this work, we focus on all major PSRs on the flat floors of lunar polar craters and analyze their detailed LOLA 1,064‐nm albedo and then compare this with the adjacent flat non‐PSRs. We find that the LOLA albedo of the majority of these PSRs is systematically higher than their adjacent non‐PSRs. Potential contributions of various factors to the observed LOLA albedo are individually quantitatively evaluated; we show that each of them is unable to account for the observed LOLA albedo anomalies and that the presence of surface water ice is the most likely explanation. Combined characterization of LOLA albedo and substrate impact cratering records (crater populations and depths) reveals that the inferred PSR water ices are in very small quantity (probably in the form of a surface frost layer or admixture with regolith) and are laterally heterogeneous in model ice concentration, ranging from negligible to ~6%. We recommend that these PSRs as priority targets for future surface in situ exploration endeavors, and a case assessment of Amundsen crater is presented.
Energy Range of Electron Rolling Pin Distribution Behind Dipolarization Front
Authors: Zhao M. J. , Fu H. S. , Liu C. M. , Chen Z. Z. , Xu Y. , Giles B. L. , Burch J. L. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe electron rolling pin distribution, showing electron pitch angles primarily at 0°, 90°, and 180°, has recently been observed behind dipolarization fronts (DFs) and explained using an analytical model. However, the energy range of such distribution has been unknown so far, owing to the low‐resolution data in previous spacecraft missions. Here using the high‐resolution measurements of Magnetospheric Multiscale, we reveal the energy range of electron rolling pin distribution behind DFs for the first time. We find that such distribution appears only above 1.7 keV, falling well into the suprathermal energy range. Below 1.7 keV, electrons exhibit a Maxwell distribution, while above 1.7 keV, they exhibit a power law distribution. In addition, such distribution appears primarily in the growing phase of the flow and disappears quickly in the decaying phase. During the formation of the rolling pin distribution, electrons are gyrotropic. These findings have greatly improved our knowledge of electron dynamics around DFs.