bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of Average Marginal Effects in Fixed Effects Dynamic Discrete Choice Models
Authors: Aguirregabiria Victor , Carro Jesús M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In nonlinear panel data models, fixed-effects methods are often criticized because they cannot identify average marginal effects (AMEs) in short panels. In contrast with that criticism, we prove the point identification of different AMEs, including causal effects of changes in the lagged dependent variable or the last choice's duration, in a panel dynamic logit model for T as small as three. Our proofs are constructive and provide simple closed-form expressions for the AMEs in terms of probabilities of choice histories. We illustrate our results using Monte Carlo experiments and with an empirical application of a dynamic model of consumer brand choice.
Did Monetary Policy Kill the Phillips Curve? Some Simple Arithmetics
Authors: Bergholt Drago , Furlanetto Francesco , Vaccaro-Grange Etienne 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
An apparent disconnect has taken place between inflation and economic activity in the pre-COVID US economy, causing some to believe that the Phillips curve has flattened. We argue that this view may be premature. Using New Keynesian theory and estimated SVAR models, we decompose fluctuations in US macro data into the components driven by demand and supply disturbances, and confront the inflation disconnect with some simple arithmetics. This exercise confirms a relatively stable Phillips curve slope while the demand curve has flattened substantially. Our results are consistent with a shift towards firmer monetary policy commitment to inflation stability.
Identifying the Cumulative Causal Effect of a Non-Binary Treatment from a Binary Instrument
Authors: Vohra Vedant , Goldin Jacob 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The effect of a treatment may depend on the intensity with which it is administered. We study identification of ordered treatment effects with a binary instrument, focusing on the effect of moving from the treatment's minimum to maximum intensity. With arbitrary heterogeneity across units, standard IV assumptions (Angrist and Imbens, 1995) do not constrain this parameter, even among compliers. We consider a range of additional assumptions and show how they can deliver sharp, informative bounds. We illustrate our approach with two applications, involving the effect of (1) health insurance on emergency department usage, and (2) attendance in an after-school program on student learning.
Alleviating Worker Shortages Through Targeted Subsidies: Evidence from Incentive Payments in Healthcare
Authors: Gandhi Ashvin D. , Olenski Andrew , Ruffini Krista , Shen Karen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Worker shortages are common in many industries. This paper examines the effect of government subsidies to address these shortages in the context of a reform that tied Medicaid payments to nursing home staffing levels. We find that the reform substantially increased staffing, especially for facilities serving many Medicaid patients. Facilities responded primarily by hiring workers in lower-wage roles rather than increasing hours of incumbent or high-wage staff. This contrasts with null effects we estimate for a non-incentivized rate increase, suggesting that the incentive structure of government payments—rather than just the level—is key to boosting employment in sectors facing worker shortages.
Political Consequences of Consumer Debt Relief
Authors: Aidt Toke , Asatryan Zareh , Badalyan Lusine 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Many democracies operate consumer debt relief programs. These are often implemented or adjusted during the election cycle, but their political effects are not well-understood. We investigate if debt relief can influence high-stakes elections. We utilize quasi-experimental variation generated by a very large privately-funded debt relief program enacted in the Republic of Georgia during the presidential election in 2018 that affected every sixth voter. We estimate that the program helped the incumbent candidate win that election, and that its effects persisted. Overall, we show how economic power can translate into political power in a democracy.
Distribution dynamics of waterbirds in Dongting Lake and surrounding lakes
Authors: Zhang Siqi , Song Yucheng , Zhang Pingyang , Zou Yeai , Li Feng , Deng Zhengmiao , Zeng Jing , Wang Shengze , Wu Tao , Liu Xiangkui , Xia Wei , Xie Yonghong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Dongting Lake and the lakes surrounding it are spatially relatively independent, yet they form an inseparable integrated system for waterbirds. Understanding the changes in waterbird distribution pattern in Dongting Lake and surrounding lakes is important for waterbird conservation and management. Based on six surveys during the winter period of waterbird and habitat data, we studied the changes in distribution pattern of different functional group of waterbirds between Dongting Lake and surrounding lakes and explored the effect of habitat area in Dongting Lake on waterbird distribution. The results revealed that the habitat areas within Dongting Lake are larger but less stable, whereas those in the surrounding lakes are much smaller but more stable. During regular hydrology periods, waterbirds were mainly distributed in Dongting Lake, whereas most of the diving ducks and vegetation gleaners occurred in surrounding lakes; during extreme dry periods, many waterbirds shifted to surrounding lakes (e.g., dabbling ducks and gulls). The Percentage Similarity Index (PSI) of these groups, which reflects waterbirds’ distribution dynamics, exhibited negative correlations with changes in water area within Dongting Lake. The percentages of these water-dependent groups and water area in Dongting Lake exhibited a positive correlation. Water area in Dongting Lake could reflect the distribution pattern of waterbirds between Dongting Lake and surrounding lakes. Our results emphasize the importance of the overall protection of wetlands in the Dongting Lake region.
Vollstreckung von Zivilentscheidungen aus Europa und Drittstaaten in Deutschland – ein Versuch der Systematisierung
Authors: Rauscher Thomas 
Published: November 2024

The article reviews the many legal rules in Germany on the enforcement of judgments in civil matters emanating from the member states of the European Union as well as from other states; it considers the relationship among these various rules and the parallelism of some of them. Insofar, the article is thought as a primer that seeks to bring some order to a system of rules that is no longer easy to survey, not, however, as an attempt to engage in a more detailed analysis of specific provisions. The remarks on the European enforcement order are equally applicable to the enforcement of judgments from all EU member states.
Finally, the author comments on developments regarding important basics of the international, especially the European, law on enforcing judgments, with a special focus on the future of the exequatur decision and the public policy review by the enforcing state.
U.S.-Style Discovery for Non-U.S. Proceedings: Judicial Assistance or Judicial Interference?
Authors: Trocker Nicolò 
Published: November 2024

More than forty years ago, Congress amended Title 28, §1782 of the United States Code, in order to make American-style discovery available to proceedings in a foreign country. In its present form, §1782 authorizes a federal district court to provide assistance where the “person” (or entity) from whom discovery is sought (be it a party or non-party to the foreign proceedings) resides or simply happens to be “ found” in the United States; where the request for assistance seeks evidence, whether it be the “testimony or statement” of a person or the production of “a document or other thing”; where the request is made by “a foreign or international tribunal” or by “any interested person”, ( i.e. “any person who possesses a reasonable interest in obtaining the assistance”); and the evidence sought is “ for use in a proceeding [actual or contemplated] in a foreign or international tribunal”.
This article first presents the provision’s genesis and background. The focus then shift s to the constructions given to §1782 by the courts, the arguments forwarded in the decisions and the underlying policy considerations. For a long time neglected, the provision has recently raised persistent interest and found increasing application. The considerable case-law it has spawned, however, bears testimony also to a good deal of litigation and some mixed, if not questionable, results. One facet of major concern is that, by opening-up the possibility of broad American discovery, U.S. courts encourage parties engaged in foreign litigation to bypass the practices and procedures of the foreign court and possibly supplant the discovery laws in foreign jurisdictions with a view to turn the focus of a foreign litigation to the U.S. without the intervention or the involvement of the court having jurisdiction over the main action. §1782’s practical effect of using American law as standard for disputes that are international in scope also raises some serious questions about the possibility and prospects of developing transnational litigation as a distinctive field with its own procedural principles and rules.
Physical Activity Enforces Well-being or Shame in Children and Adolescents With Asthma: A Meta-ethnography
Authors: Westergren Thomas , Aagaard Hanne , Hall Elisabeth O.C. , Ludvigsen Mette Spliid , Fegran Liv , Robstad Nastasja , Audulv Åsa 
Published: November 2024

Asthma symptoms and experiences of dyspnea challenge participation in physical activity (PA). Therefore, in-depth understanding of experiences with PA is essential. In this meta-ethnography, we synthesized published qualitative studies of experiences of children and adolescents with asthma that influenced, or limited, participation in PA. We followed Noblit and Hare’s 7 phases of meta-ethnography. We searched relevant databases by December 18, 2023 for published peer-reviewed studies (Medline (OVID), Embase (OVID), PsycINFO (OVID), CINAHL (EBSCHOhost), SPORTDiscus (EBSCHOhost), SocINDEX (EBSCHOhost), and Social Science Citation Index (WoS)) and theses (ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Source, ProQuest Healthcare Administration Database, and ProQuest Public Health Database). We conducted study selection and assessment of methodological quality and data extraction using Joanna Briggs Institute’s methodology. Sixteen reciprocally related qualitative studies, representing experiences of 238 children and adolescents aged 4 to 18 years were included. We translated primary study concepts and findings into 3 themes covering relationships with others, emotions, and behaviors related to PA participation: (1) feeling related to and connected with friends and family in PA; (2) acquiring and managing new PA and asthma skills; and (3) enjoying PA and experiencing well-being. We also defined 3 themes covering aspects related to PA limitations: (4) feeling misunderstood and penalized in relation to PA; (5) experiencing nervousness, embarrassment, shame, and sadness during PA; and (6) withdrawing from PA due to asthma, environment, and/or socially imposed attitudes. The themes were synthesized into the following lines of argument: children and adolescents with asthma experience that PA enforces empathic/non-empathic relationships, vulnerability, and awareness; PA enhances resilient participation and well-being, or reinforces resignment to isolation and shame. From the outset of either relatedness or being penalized, youngsters with asthma either manage well and experience well-being, or experience shame and withdrawal. Registration: PROSPERO No. 164797
Formal Thought Disorders and Neurocognition in Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia: Trouble du cours de la pensée et neurocognition dans la schizophrénie réfractaire
Authors: Alarabi Mohammed , Burton Leah , Powell Valerie , Isinger Tanner , Agarwal Sri Mahavir , Remington Gary 
Published: November 2024

Objective Formal thought disorders (FTDs), a core feature of schizophrenia, have been subdivided into positive and negative types, and are clinically assessed by examining speech (objective) or patient introspection (subjective). Despite being associated with poorer treatment response and worse outcomes, FTDs have been understudied in patients with schizophrenia, in particular treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) or schizoaffective disorder. We aimed to explore the relationship between the severity of positive and negative FTDs and neurocognition as well as social/occupational functioning in this clinical subgroup. Method This was a retrospective chart review conducted at the Clozapine Clinic at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada. We reviewed charted standardized assessment of FTDs using the Thought and Language Disorder (TALD) scale, neurocognition using the Brief Cognitive Assessment Tool for Schizophrenia (B-CATS), and functioning using the Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS) between October 2022 and June 2023. Following the original factor structure of the TALD, we computed 4- factor scores that combined positive or negative and objective or subjective FTDs. We then explored the correlation between the scores from each TALD factor and the neurocognition and functioning scores. Results We analysed data for 23 outpatients on clozapine. After the Bonferroni adjustment, total TALD scores, indicating overall severity of FTDs, were strongly and inversely correlated with SOFAS scores ( p < 0.001). A strong inverse correlation was found between the objective positive TALD factor and Letter-Number Span verbal working memory scores, r(21) = −0.63, p < 0.001. Conclusions Our results demonstrate the strong relationship between FTDs, neurocognition, and social/occupational functioning in a sample of TRS outpatients. Within the cognitive domains assessed, verbal working memory impairment had the strongest correlation with positive FTDs, such as derailment or tangentiality. These findings highlight the value of employing standardized psychopathological scales for FTDs in clinical practice.
Impact of Dermoscopy Training on Diagnostic Accuracy, and Its Association With Biopsy and Referral Patterns Among Primary Care Providers: A Retrospective and Prospective Educational Intervention Study
Authors: Middleton Hayden T. , Swanson David L. , Sartori-Valinotti Julio C. , O’Laughlin Danielle J. , Young Peter A. , Merry Stephen P. , Nelson Kelly , Fischer Karen , Weatherly Renee M. , Boswell Christopher L. 
Published: November 2024

Background: Proper diagnosis in primary care is crucial due to the large number of skin cancer diagnoses each year and its associated growing economic burden. Understanding how primary care providers can be best trained in dermoscopy is instrumental in helping primary care providers differentiate benign and malignant cutaneous lesions so that appropriate action can be taken (eg, biopsy/referral to dermatology or reassurance). Objective: To assess the success of concise dermoscopy training among primary care providers. Design: A cohort study was conducted in primary care at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, including primary care physicians, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants in internal medicine and family medicine. Diagnostic accuracy was measured on standardized testing through image-based recognition and in clinical practice through observation of referral and biopsy patterns both before and after dermoscopy education, focused on the TADA plus method. Results: Forty-three primary care providers completed the image-based recognition tests, with significant improvement in mean score measured after dermoscopy training workshop (20%). Among the thirteen primary care providers who continued to use dermoscopy in clinical practice, a significant improvement (31%) in mean clinical diagnostic accuracy was observed comparing 1 year of practice data before versus after dermoscopy training. Conclusion: Improvement in diagnostic accuracy with utilization of the TADA plus method translates into clinical practice. Therefore, training primary care providers in dermoscopy may improve the dermatologic care patients receive in primary care, especially in rural or medically underserved areas where access to dermatology is limited.
MGST1 facilitates novel KRASG12D inhibitor resistance in KRASG12D-mutated pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by inhibiting ferroptosis
Authors: Xu Chungui , Lin Weihao , Zhang Qi , Ma Yarui , Wang Xue , Guo Ai , Zhu Guiling , Zhou Zhendiao , Song Weiwei , Zhao Ziyi , Jiao Yuchen , Wang Xiaobing , Du Chunxia 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal cancer with a low 5-year survival rate. Treatment options for PDAC patients are limited. Recent studies have shown promising results with MRTX1133, a KRASG12D inhibitor that demonstrated potent antitumor activity in various types of tumors with KRASG12D mutation. Resistance to KRAS inhibitors is frequently occurred and one of the main reasons for treatment failure. Understanding resistance mechanisms to novel KRAS inhibitors is crucial to ensure sustained and durable remissions.

Methods
Two KRASG12D inhibitor MRTX1133-resistant PDAC cell lines were established in vitro. The resistance mechanisms to KRASG12D inhibitor MRTX1133 against PDAC in vitro and in vivo were characterized by RNA sequencing, reverse transcript polymerase chain reaction, cytotoxicity test, plasmid transfection, lentivirus transfection, lipid peroxidation detection, malondialdehyde levels detection, glutathione levels detection, western blot, immunofluorescence, nude mice tumorigenesis experiment and immunohistochemistry.

Results
The bioinformatics analysis and transcriptome sequencing showed that ferroptosis was involved in the resistant effect of the KRASG12D inhibitor treatment, and MGST1 was the key molecule against MRTX1133-induced ferroptosis. Increased expression of MGST1 weakened the cytotoxicity of MRTX1133 by inhibiting lipid peroxidation-induced ferroptosis in KRASG12D inhibitor-resistant PDAC cells. Knockdown or overexpression of MGST1 conferred sensitivity or resistance to KRASG12D inhibitor MRTX1133, respectively. Mechanismly, increased nuclear localization and higher levels of active β-catenin were observed in MRTX1133-resistant PDAC cells, which contributed to higher MGST1 expression. Knockdown of CTNNB1 or TCF4 can decreased MGST1 expression. Additionally, we found that PKF-118-310, an antagonist of β-catenin/Tcf4 complex, repressed MGST1 expression. In both in vitro and in vivo models, a synergistic effect was observed when combining MRTX1133 and PKF-118-310 in KRASG12D inhibitor MRTX1133-resistant PDAC cells and tumors.

Conclusion
Our data showed that KRASG12D inhibitor MRTX1133 combined with PKF-118-310 could enhance the effectiveness of MRTX1133 treatment response through induction of ferroptosis via inhibiting MGST1 expression in MRTX1133-resistant PDAC cells and tumors. This evidence may provide a promising strategy to overcome KRASG12D inhibitor MRTX1133 resistance in PDAC patients with KRASG12D mutations.

Graphical Abstract
Microprotein-encoding RNA regulation in cells treated with pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic stimuli
Authors: Pai Victor J. , Lau Calvin J. , Garcia-Ruiz Almudena , Donaldson Cynthia , Vaughan Joan M. , Miller Brendan , De Souza Eduardo V. , Pinto Antonio M. , Diedrich Jolene , Gavva Narender R. , Yu Shan , DeBoever Christopher , Horman Shane R. , Saghatelian Alan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Recent analysis of the human proteome via proteogenomics and ribosome profiling of the transcriptome revealed the existence of thousands of previously unannotated microprotein-coding small open reading frames (smORFs). Most functional microproteins were chosen for characterization because of their evolutionary conservation. However, one example of a non-conserved immunomodulatory microprotein in mice suggests that strict sequence conservation misses some intriguing microproteins.

Results
We examine the ability of gene regulation to identify human microproteins with potential roles in inflammation or fibrosis of the intestine. To do this, we collected ribosome profiling data of intestinal cell lines and peripheral blood mononuclear cells and used gene expression of microprotein-encoding transcripts to identify strongly regulated microproteins, including several examples of microproteins that are only conserved with primates.

Conclusion
This approach reveals a number of new microproteins worthy of additional functional characterization and provides a dataset that can be queried in different ways to find additional gut microproteins of interest.
Dissecting genomic regions and underlying candidate genes in groundnut MAGIC population for drought tolerance
Authors: Sharma Vinay , Mahadevaiah Supriya S. , Latha Putta , Gowda S. Anjan , Manohar Surendra S. , Jadhav Kanchan , Bajaj Prasad , Joshi Pushpesh , Anitha T. , Jadhav Mangesh P. , Sharma Shailendra , Janila Pasupuleti , Bhat Ramesh S. , Varshney Rajeev K. , Pandey Manish K. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Groundnut is mainly grown in the semi-arid tropic (SAT) regions worldwide, where abiotic stress like drought is persistent. However, a major research gap exists regarding exploring the genetic and genomic underpinnings of tolerance to drought. In this study, a multi-parent advanced generation inter-cross (MAGIC) population was developed and evaluated for five seasons at two locations for three consecutive years (2018–19, 2019–20 and 2020–21) under drought stress and normal environments.

Results
Phenotyping data of drought tolerance related traits, combined with the high-quality 10,556 polymorphic SNPs, were used to perform multi-locus model genome-wide association study (GWAS) analysis. We identified 37 significant marker-trait associations (MTAs) (Bonferroni-corrected) accounting, 0.91- 9.82% of the phenotypic variance. Intriguingly, 26 significant MTAs overlap on four chromosomes (Ah03, Ah07, Ah10 and Ah18) (harboring 70% of MTAs), indicating genomic hotspot regions governing drought tolerance traits. Furthermore, important candidate genes associated with leaf senescence (NAC transcription factor), flowering (B3 domain-containing transcription factor, Ulp1 protease family, and Ankyrin repeat-containing protein), involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis (FAR1 DNA-binding domain protein), stomatal regulation (Rop guanine nucleotide exchange factor; Galacturonosyltransferases), and associated with yield traits (Fasciclin-like arabinogalactan protein 11 and Fasciclin-like arabinogalactan protein 21) were found in the vicinity of significant MTAs genomic regions.

Conclusion
The findings of our investigation have the potential to provide a basis for significant MTAs validation, gene discovery and development of functional markers, which could be employed in genomics-assisted breeding to develop climate-resilient groundnut varieties.