bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Economic status of women in India: paradox of paid–unpaid work and poverty
Authors: Singh Pushpendra , Pattanaik Falguni 
Published: December 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to understand the dynamics of women labor considering their unpaid work status. The intention is to understand the precise meaning of unpaid work and its magnitudes and trends in India. This study explores the causes of women to be engaged in unpaid work and the reason behind the non-reduction of unpaid labor as prophesied by the standard theories of economic development. Furthermore, this study aims to examine the nexus of the work status of women and its impact on poverty to give possible recommendations for promoting faster and more inclusive growth of the Indian economy.Design/methodology/approachFor addressing the above-mentioned issues, this study has used the data of 50th, 55th, 61st and 68th surveys conducted from 1993–1994 to 2011–2012 by National Sample Survey Office. In the first stage of analysis, the magnitude of unpaid work by women has been estimated. Subsequently, the relative contributions of socio-economic and demographics on the work status of women (paid and unpaid) in India have been assessed by using logistic regression model. In the second stage, the level of poverty among paid and unpaid women has been measured by using poverty estimation methodology. Furthermore, the incidence of poverty among unpaid women has been decomposed, and the contribution of socio-economic predictors has been measured.FindingsThe study reveals that the participation of women in paid activities has been consistently declined. During the study period, it is observed that the amount of unpaid work activities of women has significantly increased. Moreover, the increase of unpaid activities is more intense for those women who are less educated, marginalized and belong to the poorer household.Originality/valueThe key contributions of this study are to underpin the issue of low and declining participation of female labor force in India as well as to understand the dynamics of changing work status (paid to unpaid) of females in the neo-liberal development framework. Furthermore, this study explores the consequences of the increase in unpaid work on poverty, which has not been the focus of previous studies.
Molecular cloning and comparative analysis of transcripts encoding chemosensory proteins from two plant bugs, Lygus lineolaris and Lygus hesperus
Authors: Hull J. Joe , Perera Omaththage P. , Wang Mei‐Xian 
Published: December 2018

AbstractChemosensory proteins (CSPs) are soluble carrier proteins typically characterized by a six‐helix bundle structure joined by two disulfide bridges and a conserved Cys spacing pattern (C1‐X6‐8‐C2‐X16‐21‐C3‐X2‐C4). CSPs are functionally diverse with reported roles in chemosensation, immunity, development, and resistance. To expand our molecular understanding of CSP function in plant bugs, we used recently developed transcriptomic resources for Lygus lineolaris and Lygus hesperus to identify 17 and 14 CSP‐like sequences, respectively. The Lygus CSPs are orthologous and share significant sequence identity with previously annotated CSPs. Three of the CSPs are predicted to deviate from the typical CSP structure with either five or seven helical segments rather than six. The seven helix CSP is further differentiated by an atypical C3‐X3‐C4 Cys spacing motif. Reverse transcriptase PCR‐based profiling of CSP transcript abundance in adult L. lineolaris tissues revealed broad expression for most of the CSPs with antenna specific expression limited to a subset of the CSPs. Comparative sequence analyses and homology modeling suggest that variations in the amino acids that comprise the Lygus CSP binding pockets affect the size and nature of the ligands accommodated.
Self‐criticism and self‐reassurance as mediators between mental health attitudes and symptoms: Attitudes toward mental health problems in Japanese workers
Authors: Kotera Yasuhiro , Gilbert Paul , Asano Kenichi , Ishimura Ikuo , Sheffield David 
Published: December 2018

Japanese workers suffer high rates of mental health symptoms, recognised recently by the Japanese government, which has enacted workplace well‐being initiatives. One reason for poor mental health concerns negative attitudes about mental health problems such as shame, which may be mediated by self‐reassurance and self‐criticism. This study aimed to evaluate shame‐based attitudes toward mental health problems and explore the relationship between mental health attitudes, self‐criticism, self‐reassurance, and mental health symptoms. Japanese workers (n = 131) completed three measures: attitudes toward mental health problems, mental health symptoms, and self‐criticism/reassurance. A high proportion of workers reported negative attitudes about mental health problems. There were strong relationships between mental health attitudes, mental health symptoms, self‐criticism, and self‐reassurance. Path analyses revealed that the total and indirect effects (through self‐criticism and self‐reassurance) of mental health attitudes on mental health were larger than the direct effect alone. Hated‐self and family reflected shame were identified as predictors for mental health symptoms. The findings suggest the importance of self‐criticism and self‐reassurance in mental health and mental health attitudes. Implications for help‐seeking behaviours also are discussed. Interventions aimed at reducing self‐criticism and enhancing self‐reassurance are recommended to improve mental health attitudes and increase help‐seeking in Japanese workers.
Single‐incision laparoscopy‐assisted gastric transposition combined with thoracoscopic esophagectomy for esophageal replacement
Authors: Dokumcu Zafer , Divarci Emre , Ozcan Coskun , Erdener Ata 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIntroductionWe present a novel approach to single‐incision laparoscopy‐assisted gastric transposition combined with thoracoscopic esophagectomy in a child with long‐segment corrosive esophageal stricture (CES).Materials and Surgical TechniqueA 2.5‐year‐old boy with a history of caustic ingestion underwent periodic esophageal dilatations at 3‐week intervals, four sessions of topical mitomycin C application, and a strict antacid/H2 antagonist therapy for 8 months. The esophageal replacement was indicated because of persistent corrosive esophageal stricture. First, thoracoscopic native esophagus dissection was performed. After gastric mobilization with single‐incision laparoscopy, esophagectomy and esophagogastric anastomosis were performed through the cervical incision. There was no complication, and the patient had gained weight by the end of the 12‐month follow‐up.DiscussionSingle‐incision laparoscopy‐assisted gastric transposition combined with thoracoscopic esophagectomy is feasible, safe, and effective in patients with corrosive esophageal stricture.
Beliefs about managing dental problems among older people and dental professionals in Southern Brazil
Authors: Goulart Mariél de Aquino , De Marchi Renato José , Padilha Dalva Maria P. , Brondani Mario A. , MacEntee Michael I. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo explore the sociocultural context in which patients and dentists in urban and rural communities in Southern Brazil interpret dental problems.MethodBeliefs and experiences related to dental problems were explored in eight focus groups involving a total of 41 older patients, and in direct interviews with two dentists and two dental assistants. The interactions were audio recorded and transcribed for thematic analysis.ResultsThe beliefs and experiences of the participants focused on four main themes: cultural beliefs; dental services; decisions to extract teeth; and expectations for change. A culture of pre‐nuptial tooth loss and complete dentures was considered beneficial to young women. Although dental services at the time were scarce in the region, demands for relief of pain were extensive despite the fear and anxiety of the participants. Extraction of teeth and fabrication of complete dentures were the usual dental treatments available, although some participants felt that dentists withheld other treatment options. Participants were hopeful that dental services would improve for their children.ConclusionsPatients and dental professionals in urban and rural communities of Southern Brazil managed dental problems within a culture of limited access and availability of services that favoured dental extractions and complete dentures.
The Challenge of Redefining the Imprisoned Self as an Artist: The Pedagogical Rituals of a Prison Arts Instructor
Authors: MICHALSKI JOSEPH H. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWhile some advocate the use of arts programmes to help improve inmates’ lives and reduce recidivism, the process of how such programmes can have therapeutic and practical value in prison's hostile environs requires further study. This project investigates how one prison arts instructor approaches the task of developing the inmates’ creative potential and unleashing their ‘inner artist’. The article describes the pedagogical approach aimed at helping prison inmates redefine themselves as artists via art classroom rituals. The imprisoned self as the artist, however, emerges mainly as a temporary identity that must be submerged upon return to the daily routines of hypermasculine prison environments. Thus inmates experience a profound duality of their identities, split between ‘artist’ and ‘inmate’, which constrains the long‐term therapeutic and rehabilitative value of the intervention.
Biallelic CCM3 mutations cause a clonogenic survival advantage and endothelial cell stiffening
Authors: Schwefel Konrad , Spiegler Stefanie , Ameling Sabine , Much Christiane D. , Pilz Robin A. , Otto Oliver , Völker Uwe , Felbor Ute , Rath Matthias 
Published: December 2018

AbstractCCM3, originally described as PDCD10, regulates blood‐brain barrier integrity and vascular maturation in vivo. CCM3 loss‐of‐function variants predispose to cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM). Using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, we here present a model which mimics complete CCM3 inactivation in cavernous endothelial cells (ECs) of heterozygous mutation carriers. Notably, we established a viral‐ and plasmid‐free crRNA:tracrRNA:Cas9 ribonucleoprotein approach to introduce homozygous or compound heterozygous loss‐of‐function CCM3 variants into human ECs and studied the molecular and functional effects of long‐term CCM3 inactivation. Induction of apoptosis, sprouting, migration, network and spheroid formation were significantly impaired upon prolonged CCM3 deficiency. Real‐time deformability cytometry demonstrated that loss of CCM3 induces profound changes in cell morphology and mechanics: CCM3‐deficient ECs have an increased cell area and elastic modulus. Small RNA profiling disclosed that CCM3 modulates the expression of miRNAs that are associated with endothelial ageing. In conclusion, the use of CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing provides new insight into the consequences of long‐term CCM3 inactivation in human ECs and supports the hypothesis that clonal expansion of CCM3‐deficient dysfunctional ECs contributes to CCM formation.
The effect of gamma irradiation on microbial load of purple basil (Ocimum bacilicum L.) leaves dried in different methods
Authors: Altay Kadriye , Dirim Safiye Nur , Hayaloglu Ali Adnan 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe effect of different drying methods on microbial load of the purple basil leaves was studied with sunlight drying, convective drying at 50 °C, a microwave drying at 460 W and freeze‐drying. Microbial contamination control was evaluated using a gamma irradiation method at 10 kGy. Microbial analysis of total aerobic mesophilic bacteria and, yeast and molds count were performed. The results showed that the dried materials were contaminated with aerobic mesophilic bacteria which varied from 5.25 to 6.31 log cfu/g, and yeasts and molds 4.92–5.35 log cfu/g. The lower numbers of total mesophilic bacteria and yeasts and molds were counted in purple basil leaves dried by microwave and convective methods. According to the International standards, the dried purple basil leaves of the total aerobic mesophilic bacteria and yeasts and molds counts were unsatisfactory. No microorganisms were detected after gamma‐irradiation dose of 10 kGy.Practical applicationsBasil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is an aromatic and medicinal plant for cooking and seasoning, and it is commercialized in both fresh and dried forms. The leaves can be used as a spice in fresh or dried form for adding distinctive aroma and flavor in food or for medicinal purposes such as inflammations, colds, headaches, and cosmetics. Several drying methods have been applied for the basil leaves. However, to reduce microbial load, it is important to implement the gamma‐irradiation process. This study was done to investigate the microbial load and the effect of different methods of drying treatment (sunlight, convective, microwave, freeze‐drying, and gamma irradiation) on microbial load of dried purple basil leaves.
Effects of transtheoretical model‐based intervention on the self‐management of patients with an ostomy: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Wen Sha‐Li , Li Juan , Wang An‐Ni , Lv Meng‐Meng , Li Hui‐Yuan , Lu Yan‐Fang , Zhang Jing‐Ping 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAims and objectivesTo determine the effect of a transtheoretical model (TTM)‐based intervention on patients with an ostomy and provide patient‐centred, accessible assistance and dynamic education to improve patient self‐management.BackgroundProper self‐management may promote the rehabilitation of patients with an ostomy. TTM‐based interventions have resulted in positive health behavioural changes.DesignRandomised controlled trial performed according to the CONSORT guidelines.Subject and settingThe sample comprised 55 men and 37 women (24–77 years old, mean ± SD = 52.8 ± 11.13 years). The study settings included three tertiary hospitals in Changsha, Hunan, China.MethodsThe 92 patients, recruited from August 2012 to March 2013, were randomised into a control group and an intervention group. Randomisation was done by using a block randomisation list with a block size of 4. Self‐management behaviours were assessed at the baseline, 2 days before discharge and after 1, 3 and 6 months of follow‐up. The chi‐squared test, independent sample t test and repeated measures analysis of variance were used to analyse the data.ResultsPatients in the intervention group were more likely to be at the action and maintenance stages compared with those in the control group. We also observed significant improvements in the self‐management ability in the process of change, the decisional balance and self‐efficacy in the intervention group compared with those in the control group after four intervention sessions and up to 6 months of follow‐up. No serious intervention‐related adverse events were observed.ConclusionsThe TTM‐based intervention had positive effects on self‐management behaviours of patients with an ostomy.Relevance to clinical practiceThe TTM‐based intervention had positive effects on self‐management behaviours of patients with an ostomy and may provide a reference for health providers to develop behaviour promotion programmes to improve the self‐management of patients with an ostomy.
Development and initial validation of the Positive Sexuality Scale for female adults
Authors: Casu Giulia 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAim and objectivesTo develop and initially validate the Positive Sexuality Scale (PSS) to assess adult female‐positive sexuality.BackgroundWhile traditional approaches focus on negative sexual experiences and sexual dysfunctions, within the positive psychology framework positive sexuality is a subjective experience of happiness and fulfilment with one’s sexual expression, which contributes to well‐being. No measure exists that specifically measures adult female‐positive sexuality and can be confidently used with women of any fertility/childlessness status.DesignTwo‐stage cross‐sectional study with a 4‐week test–retest, which follows the STROBE guidelines.MethodsParticipants were 912 Italian women aged 18–45 (52.74% mothers, 23.79% voluntarily childless and 23.46% primary infertile), who completed the 5‐item PSS and a self‐report of psychological well‐being. A subsample (n = 61) completed the 4‐week test–retest.ResultsFactor analyses supported a one‐factor model with measurement invariance across adulthood stage and fertility/childlessness status and good reliability. Younger and fertile women showed higher PSS scores, and moderate‐to‐high variability in infertile women’s well‐being was accounted for by PSS scores.ConclusionThe PSS is a brief self‐report with initial evidence of validity and reliability that could be used in sex research, practice and education.Relevance to clinical practiceThe PSS could assist health professionals to identify a positive resource to which women can draw on to deal with sex‐related issues. Implementing the assessment of female‐positive sexuality in infertility protocols could help professionals to identify a potential resource within couples facing infertility and its treatment.
Overview of dementia care under the three‐tier long‐term care system of China
Authors: Wang Shanshan , Cheung Daphne Sze Ki , Leung Angela Y. M. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectivesThis paper provides an overview of the status of dementia care in Mainland China under the framework of the three‐tier long‐term care system proposed by the Chinese government, and gives the direction for service development.MethodsOfficial documents, annual reports of related associations, and studies conducted in Mainland China from 2006 to 2017, published both in English and Chinese were reviewed.ResultsWith the establishment of the three‐tier long‐term care system, the Government has invested a lot in long‐term care, and improvements have been made. However, specific areas of dementia care still face challenges.DiscussionStrategies in improving the long‐term care services have been achieved. These included training for informal caregivers at home settings, increased investment in community health centers, and increased institutional placements, etc. However, these are not enough to fulfill the needs of people with dementia and their caregivers.Implications for Nursing and Health PolicyMultiple levels of training and interaction within the framework of the three‐tier long‐term care system as well as more research are recommended for improving dementia care.
Harvesting Chlorella species using magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Bharte Supriya , Desai Krutika 
Published: December 2018

SUMMARYMicroalgae are very useful organisms as it provides many beneficial products for human use. For large scale cultivation and further applications, its harvesting procedure needs to be enhanced to make the production process of the end product highly affordable. Magnetic nanoparticles have great potential to harvest microalgae as it can easily attract and attach to the algal cell surface forming a layer, which can be harvested quickly under the influence of a magnetic field. Our work on Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Chlorella minutissima shows, 500 mg of the synthesized bare iron oxide nanoparticles, harvests 90% of Chlorella pyrenoidosa (1 g L−1), in 60 s at pH 3 and 600 mg iron oxide nanoparticles, harvests 85% of Chlorella minutissima (1 g L−1) in 60 s at pH 5, which can decrease the amount of time and energy consumed in the overall production costs.
Learning From Surprise: Harnessing a Metacognitive Surprise Signal to Build and Adapt Belief Networks
Authors: Munnich Edward , Ranney Michael A. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractOne's level of surprise can be thought of as a metacognitive signal indicating how well one can explain new information. We discuss literature on how this signal can be used adaptively to build, and, when necessary, reorganize belief networks. We present challenges in the use of a surprise signal, such as hindsight bias and the tendency to equate difficulty with implausibility, and point to evidence suggesting that one can overcome these challenges through consideration of alternative outcomes—especially before receiving feedback on actual outcomes—and by calibrating task difficulty with one's knowledge level. As such, we propose that a major function of education—broadly construed as the work of teachers, journalists, parents, etc.—is to assist learners in using their metacognitive surprise signals to facilitate the building and adaptation of belief networks.
Motor imagery ability assessments in four disciplines: protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Suica Zorica , Platteau-Waldmeier Petra , Koppel Szabina , Schmidt-Trucksaess Arno , Ettlin Thierry , Schuster-Amft Corina 
Published: December 2018

IntroductionMotor imagery (MI) is a very popular and well-accepted technique in different disciplines. Originating from sport and psychology, MI is now also used in the field of medicine and education. Several studies confirmed the benefits of MI to facilitate motor learning and skill acquisition. The findings indicated that individual’s MI ability might influence the effectiveness of MI interventions. Over the last two centuries, researchers have developed several assessments to evaluate MI’s abstract construct. However, no systematic reviews (SR) exist for MI ability evaluation methods and their measurement properties.Methods and analysisThe SR will evaluate available MI ability assessments and their psychometric properties in four relevant disciplines: sports, psychology, medicine and education. This involves performing searches in SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science and ERIC. Working independently, two reviewers will screen articles for selection. Then all raw information will be compiled in an overview table—including the articles’ characteristics (eg, a study’s setting or the population demographics) and the MI ability assessment (psychometric properties). To evaluate the articles’ methodological quality, we will use the COSMIN checklist. Then we will evaluate all the included assessments’ quality and perform a best-evidence synthesis. Results of this review will be reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.Ethics and disseminationThe SR is based on published data, and ethical approval is not required. This review will provide information on assessment performance and equipment, as well as its main focus and usefulness. Furthermore, we will present the methodological quality of all the included articles and assess the included instruments’ quality. Ultimately, this will act as a valuable resource, providing an overview of MI ability assessments for individual clinical settings, treatment aims, and various populations. The SR’s final report will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at relevant conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42017077004