bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of adolescent subjective well-being: A machine learning approach
Authors: Zhang Naixin , Liu Chuanxin , Chen Zhixuan , An Lin , Ren Decheng , Yuan Fan , Yuan Ruixue , Ji Lei , Bi Yan , Guo Zhenming , Ma Gaini , Xu Fei , Yang Fengping , Zhu Liping , Robert Gabirel , Xu Yifeng , He Lin , Bai Bo , Yu Tao , He Guang 
Published: September 2019

BackgroundSubjective well-being (SWB), also known as happiness, plays an important role in evaluating both mental and physical health. Adolescents deserve specific attention because they are under a great variety of stresses and are at risk for mental disorders during adulthood.AimThe present paper aims to predict undergraduate students’ SWB by machine learning method.MethodsGradient Boosting Classifier which was an innovative yet validated machine learning approach was used to analyse data from 10 518 Chinese adolescents. The online survey included 298 factors such as depression and personality. Quality control procedure was used to minimise biases due to online survey reports. We applied feature selection to achieve the balance between optimal prediction and result interpretation.ResultsThe top 20 happiness risks and protective factors were finally brought into the predicting model. Approximately 90% individuals’ SWB can be predicted correctly, and the sensitivity and specificity were about 92% and 90%, respectively.ConclusionsThis result identifies at-risk individuals according to new characteristics and established the foundation for adolescent prevention strategies.
Genetic aetiology of early infant deaths in a neonatal intensive care unit
Authors: Yang Lin , Liu Xu , Li Zixiu , Zhang Peng , Wu Bingbing , Wang Huijun , Hu Liyuan , Cheng Guoqiang , Wang Laishuan , Zhou Wenhao 
Published: September 2019

BackgroundCongenital anomalies are the leading cause of early neonatal death in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), but the genetic causes are unclear. This study aims to investigate the genetic causes of infant deaths in a NICU in China.MethodsNewborns who died in the hospital or died within 1 week of discharge were enrolled from Children’s Hospital of Fudan University between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2017. Whole exome sequencing was performed in all patients after death.ResultsThere were 223 deceased newborns with a median age at death of 13 days. In total, 44 (19.7%) infants were identified with a genetic finding, including 40 with single nucleotide variants (SNVs), two with CNVs and two with both SNVs and CNVs. Thirteen (31%, 13/42) patients with SNVs had medically actionable disorders based on genetic diagnosis, which included 10 genes. Multiple congenital malformation was identified as the leading genetic cause of death in NICUs with 13 newborns identified with variants in genes related to multiple congenital malformations. For newborns who died on the first day, the most common genetic cause of death was major heart defects, while metabolic disorders and respiratory failure were more common for newborns who died in the first 2 weeks.ConclusionOur study shows genetic findings among early infant deaths in NICUs and provides critical genetic information for precise genetic counselling for the families. Effective therapies enable the improvement of more than a quarter of newborns with molecular diagnoses if diagnosed in time.
Icecube/DeepCore tests for novel explanations of the MiniBooNE anomaly
Authors: Coloma Pilar 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
While the low-energy excess observed at MiniBooNE remains unchallenged, it has become increasingly difficult to reconcile it with the results from other sterile neutrino searches and cosmology. Recently, it has been shown that non-minimal models with new particles in a hidden sector could provide a better fit to the data. As their main ingredients they require a GeV-scale $$Z'$$Z′, kinetically mixed with the photon, and an unstable heavy neutrino with a mass in the 150 MeV range that mixes with the light neutrinos. In this letter we point out that atmospheric neutrino experiments (and, in particular, IceCube/DeepCore) could probe a significant fraction of the parameter space of such models by looking for an excess of “double-bang” events at low energies, as proposed in our previous work (Coloma et al., Phys Rev Lett 119(20):201804, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.20180, 2017). Such a search would probe exactly the same production and decay mechanisms required to explain the anomaly.
Ordovician stratigraphy and benthic community replacements in the eastern Anti-Atlas, Morocco
Authors: Álvaro J. Javier , Benharref Mohammed , Destombes Jacques , Gutiérrez-Marco Juan Carlos , Hunter Aaron W. , Lefebvre Bertrand , van Roy Peter , Zamora Samuel 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The Anti-Atlas contains a thick, volcanic-free Ordovician succession that originally deposited in a passive-margin basin. Three main sedimentary packages are bounded by major unconformities: (i) the Tremadocian–Floian Lower Fezouata and Upper Fezouata formations, which unconformably overlie a palaeorelief of Cambrian rifting volcanosedimentary complexes, and are subsequently topped by a Dapingian paraconformable gap; (ii) the Darriwilian–Katian Tachilla Formation and First Bani and Ktaoua groups, the latter unconformably overlain by a Hirnantian glaciogenic succession; and (iii) the Second Bani Group, which subsequently infilled the former glaciogenic palaeorelief. Due to the scarcity of carbonate interbeds for etching analyses, leading to rare references of conodonts, the global Ordovician chart is interpolated on the basis of microphytoplancton (acritarchs and chitinozoans), regional graptolites and brachiopods. The Ordovician counter-clockwise rotation of Gondwana led its Moroccan margin from mid- to high-latitude positions, leading to the onset of a siliciclastic, wave- and storm-dominated platform. Flooding surfaces are marked by shelly silty carbonate interbeds that reflect the episodic development of echinoderm–bryozoan meadows during Katian times; in areas protected from siliciclastic input, they reached massive and bedded bioaccumulations (Khabt-el-Hajar Formation). The Hirnantian glaciation controlled the incision of numerous tunnel channels, infilled with both alluvial to fluvial sediments and glaciomarine diamictites. The Hirnantian palaeorelief was definitively sealed during Silurian times.
Genetic Variants Implicate Dual Oxidase-2 in Familial and Sporadic Nonmedullary Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Bann Darrin V. , Jin Qunyan , Sheldon Kathryn E. , Houser Kenneth R. , Nguyen Lan , Warrick Joshua I. , Baker Maria J. , Broach James R. , Gerhard Glenn S. , Goldenberg David 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Highly penetrant hereditary thyroid cancer manifests as familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer (FNMTC), whereas low-penetrance hereditary thyroid cancer manifests as sporadic disease and is associated with common polymorphisms, including rs965513[A]. Whole-exome sequencing of an FNMTC kindred identified a novel Y1203H germline dual oxidase-2 (DUOX2) mutation. DUOX2Y1203H is enzymatically active, with increased production of reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, patients with sporadic thyroid cancer homozygous for rs965513[A] demonstrated higher DUOX2 expression than heterozygous rs965513[A/G] or homozygous rs965513[A]-negative patients. These data suggest that dysregulated hydrogen peroxide metabolism is a common mechanism by which high- and low-penetrance genetic factors increase thyroid cancer risk.

Significance:
This study provides novel insights into the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying familial and sporadic thyroid cancers.
Serologic Profile of Antiparietal Cell Antibodies, Pepsinogens, and H. pylori and Risk of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer: A Nested Case–Control Study in China
Authors: Wang Shao-Ming , Roth Mark J. , Murphy Gwen A. , Dawsey Sanford M. , Fan Jin-Hu , Taylor Philip R. , Qiao You-Lin , Abnet Christian C. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background:
Autoimmune gastritis is understudied and possibly associated with gastric noncardia adenocarcinoma (GNCA) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in Western populations when it presents as pernicious anemia.

Methods:
A nested case–control study within a Chinese cohort included 100 ESCC, 200 gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA), and 200 GNCA cases diagnosed between 1986 and 2001 and 400 controls. Serostatus of antiparietal cell antibodies (APCA), Helicobacter pylori antibodies, and pepsinogens were measured using commercial kits and serum collected at baseline. We used logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for associations between serologic biomarkers and cancer risk adjusted for numerous potential confounders.

Results:
There was an average interval of 8 years between baseline blood draw and cancer diagnosis. The baseline prevalence of APCA seropositivity was 10.0% and 14.5% in subjects who developed GCA and GNCA, respectively. APCA seropositivity was inversely associated with later development of GCA (OR = 0.42; 95% CI, 0.24–0.75), but not significantly associated with later development of GNCA (OR = 0.82; 95% CI, 0.50–1.36) or ESCC (OR = 1.05; 95% CI, 0.58–1.88). APCA seropositivity was significantly associated with low pepsinogen I/II ratios (OR = 3.69; 95% CI, 1.66–8.21), and individuals with low pepsinogen I/II ratios who were seronegative for APCA had the highest risk of both GCA and GNCA.

Conclusions:
APCA seropositivity measured years prior to diagnosis was associated with prevalent atrophic gastritis but inversely associated with incident GCA in this Chinese population.

Impact:
APCA may contribute to a growing list of serologic markers that can improve risk stratification for gastric cancer.
Propensity Score–Adjusted Comparison of Long-Term Outcomes Among Revascularization Strategies for Critical Limb Ischemia
Authors: Mustapha Jihad A. , Katzen Barry T. , Neville Richard F. , Lookstein Robert A. , Zeller Thomas , Miller Larry E. , Nelson Teresa R. , Jaff Michael R. ,   On behalf of the Board of the CLI Global Society
Published: September 2019

Background:
Few studies have compared long-term outcomes among specific treatment modalities for critical limb ischemia. The aim of this study was to compare long-term outcomes with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA), stent placement, atherectomy, or surgical bypass in patients diagnosed with critical limb ischemia.

Methods:
In this observational study using Medicare claims data, we identified incident cases with a primary critical limb ischemia diagnosis who received PTA, stent placement, atherectomy, or surgical bypass. We used propensity score weighting to determine the association of treatment type with all-cause mortality and major (above ankle) amputation over 4 years follow-up.

Results:

Among 36 860 patients (10 904 PTA; 11 295 stent placement; 4422 atherectomy; 10 239 surgical bypass), all-cause mortality over 4 years was 49.3% with atherectomy, 51.4% with surgical bypass, 53.7% with stent placement, and 54.7% with PTA (
P
<0.05 for all pairwise comparisons). Major amputation rates over 4 years were 6.8% with atherectomy, 7.8% with stent placement, 8.1% with PTA, and 10.8% with surgical bypass (
P
<0.05 for all pairwise comparison except PTA versus stent).

Conclusions:
Among Medicare beneficiaries who received PTA, stent placement, atherectomy, or surgical bypass for critical limb ischemia, high mortality and major amputation rates were observed with minor differences among treatment groups. Statistically significant group differences of uncertain clinical importance were observed for several comparisons. Results from observational research may be susceptible to bias because of unmeasured confounders and, therefore, these comparative results should be interpreted with caution.
Associations of Leisure‐Time Physical Activity and Television Viewing With Life Expectancy Free of Nonfatal Cardiovascular Disease: The ARIC Study
Authors: Cuthbertson Carmen C. , Tan Xianming , Heiss Gerardo , Kucharska‐Newton Anna , Nichols Hazel B. , Kubota Yasuhiko , Evenson Kelly R. 
Published: September 2019

Background

High levels of physical activity have been associated with longer life expectancy free of cardiovascular disease (
CVD
), but specific types of
CVD
and sedentary behavior have not been examined. We examined associations of leisure‐time moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (
LTPA
) and television viewing with life expectancy free of 3 types of
CVD
.

Methods and Results

We included 13 534 participants from the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) cohort. We used multistate survival models to estimate associations of
LTPA
in the past year (no
LTPA
, less than the median, equal to or greater than the median) and television viewing (often or very often, sometimes, seldom or rarely) with life expectancy at age 50 free of nonfatal coronary heart disease (
CHD
), stroke, and heart failure (
HF
). Over 27 years of follow‐up, 4519 participants developed one of the 3 nonfatal
CVD
s and 5475 deaths occurred. Compared with participants who engaged in no
LTPA
, participants who engaged in
LTPA
equal to or greater than the median had longer life expectancy free of nonfatal
CHD
(men: 1.5 years [95%
CI
, 1.0–2.0]; women: 1.6 years [95%
CI
, 1.1–2.2]), stroke (men: 1.8 years [95%
CI
, 1.2–2.3]; women: 1.8 years [95%
CI
, 1.3–2.3]), and
HF
(men: 1.6 years [95%
CI
, 1.1–2.1]; women: 1.7 years [95%
CI
, 1.2–2.2]). Compared with viewing more television, watching less television was associated with longer life expectancy free of
CHD
, stroke, and HF (≈0.8 year).

Conclusions

Higher levels of
LTPA
and less television viewing were associated with longer life expectancy free of CHD, stroke, and HF. Engaging in
LTPA
and watching less television may increase the number of years lived free of
CHD
, stroke, and
HF
.
Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein Associates With a Vulnerable Plaque Phenotype in Human Atherosclerotic Plaques
Authors: Hultman Karin , Edsfeldt Andreas , Björkbacka Harry , Dunér Pontus , Sundius Lena , Nitulescu Mihaela , Persson Ana , Boyle Joseph J. , Nilsson Jan , Hultgårdh-Nilsson Anna , Bengtsson Eva , Gonçalves Isabel 
Published: September 2019

Background and Purpose—

Extracellular matrix proteins are important in atherosclerotic disease by influencing plaque stability and cellular behavior but also by regulating inflammation. COMP (cartilage oligomeric matrix protein) is present in healthy human arteries and expressed by smooth muscle cells. A recent study showed that transplantation of COMP-deficient bone marrow to
apoE
−/−
mice increased atherosclerotic plaque formation, indicating a role for COMP also in bone marrow–derived cells. Despite the evidence of a role for COMP in murine atherosclerosis, knowledge is lacking about the role of COMP in human atherosclerotic disease.

Methods—
In the present study, we investigated if COMP was associated with a stable or a vulnerable human atherosclerotic plaque phenotype by analyzing 211 carotid plaques for COMP expression using immunohistochemistry.

Results—

Plaque area that stained positive for COMP was significantly larger in atherosclerotic plaques associated with symptoms (n=110) compared with asymptomatic plaques (n=101; 9.7% [4.7–14.3] versus 5.6% [2.8–9.8];
P
=0.0002). COMP was positively associated with plaque lipids (
r
=0.32;
P
=0.000002) and CD68 cells (
r
=0.15;
P
=0.036) but was negatively associated with collagen (
r
=−0.16;
P
=0.024), elastin (
r
=−0.14;
P
=0.041), and smooth muscle cells (
r
=−0.25;
P
=0.0002). COMP was positively associated with CD163 (
r
=0.37;
P
=0.00000006), a scavenger receptor for hemoglobin/haptoglobin and a marker of Mhem macrophages, and with intraplaque hemorrhage, measured as glycophorin A staining (
r
=0.28;
P
=0.00006).

Conclusions—
The present study shows that COMP is associated to symptomatic carotid atherosclerosis, CD163-expressing cells, and a vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque phenotype in humans.
<p><strong><em>Oenothera resicum </em></strong><strong>(Onagraceae), a new species and the first record of the family from the Revillagigedo Archipelago, Mexico</strong></p>
Authors: BENAVIDES EVA , KUETHE J.R. , ORTIZ-ALCARAZ A. , LEÓN DE LA LUZ J.L. 
Published: September 2019

Oenothera resicum (Onagraceae) is here described and illustrated. This is the first record of the Onagraceae family in the Revillagigedo Archipelago, Mexican Pacific. The new species, presently known only from Isla Clarión, has characteristic features of species of subsect. Raimannia, from which can be differentiated by its perennial habit, glabrescent large fruits, glabrous sepals, conspicuously dentated leaves, stigma surrounded by the anthers at anthesis, basal rosette absent, and its particular ecological habitat. The species description, ecological information, habitat and conservation assessment are also discussed. Additionally, a key for the species of subsect. Raimannia distributed in Mexico is provided.
Regional Differences in the Response of Rainfall to Convectively Coupled Kelvin Waves over Tropical Africa
Authors: Jackson Lawrence S. , Keane Richard J. , Finney Declan L. , Marsham John H. , Parker Douglas J. , Senior Catherine A. , Stratton Rachel A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe representation of convection remains one of the most important sources of bias in global models, and evaluation methods are needed that show that models provide the correct mean state and variability, both for the correct reasons. Here we develop a novel approach for evaluating rainfall variability due to convectively coupled Kelvin waves (CCKWs) in this region. A phase cycle was defined for the CCKW cycle in OLR and used to composite rainfall anomalies. We characterize the observed (TRMM) rainfall response to CCKWs over tropical Africa in April and evaluate the performance of regional climate model (RCM) simulations: a parameterized convection simulation (P25) and the first pan-Africa convection-permitting simulation (CP4). TRMM mean rainfall is enhanced and suppressed by CCKW activity, and the occurrence of extreme rainfall and dry days is coupled with CCKW activity. Focusing on regional differences, we show for the first time that there is a dipole between West Africa and the Gulf of Guinea involving onshore/offshore shifts in rainfall, and the transition to enhanced rainfall over west equatorial Africa occurs one phase before the transition over east equatorial Africa. The global model used to drive the RCMs simulated CCKWs with mean amplitudes of 75%–82% of observations. The RCMs simulated coherent responses to the CCKWs and captured the large-scale spatial patterns and phase relationships in rainfall although the simulated rainfall response is weaker than observations and there are regional biases that are bigger away from the equator. P25 produced a closer match to TRMM mean rainfall anomalies than CP4 although the response in dry days was more closely simulated by CP4.
The association between parental views on dietary quality and physical activity levels
Authors: S Earnesty Dawn , Mphwanthe Getrude , M Shipp Gayle , Kelleher Deanne , Plasencia Julie , Quilliam Elizabeth Taylor , Rifon Nora J , J Weatherspoon Lorraine 
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Numerous external factors, including parental influences, impact the dietary quality and physical activity of children. In this study, we examined if parental views were associated with the dietary quality and physical activity of children. Design: A cross-sectional observational study was used to recruit and collect data from a purposive sample of 176 parents and their children, 4–11 years of age. Setting: A suburban school district in Michigan, USA. Methods: Healthy Eating Index (HEI) 2005 scores were calculated from child food frequency data, and bivariate linear regression was used to test associations between the total HEI 2005 and fruit, total vegetable, solid fats and added sugars (SoFAAs) and saturated fat dietary components, as well as relative to the parent’s views of raising children. Multivariate linear regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between the HEI score and the parental views. Multinomial linear regression was used to test associations between physical activity and parental views on their children’s behaviours related to health outcomes. Results: Children whose parents had firm parenting views were significantly more likely to eat vegetables and foods and beverages that were lower in saturated fat and added sugars. Parental views on child behaviour were not associated with physical activity of children. Conclusion: Parental views on child behaviour and other influences on child dietary quality are complex. As a result, health care professionals including dieticians should use a multifaceted approach to assess how parental views shape guidance regarding children’s dietary quality and subsequent health.
Evaluation of the Safety of Intravenous Thiamine Administration in a Large Academic Medical Center
Authors: Tjugum Shelby L. , Hedrick Tanner L. , Jean Stephanie J. , Heeney Stephanie A. , Rohde Kalynn A. , Campbell-Bright Stacy L. 
Published: September 2019

Background/Objective: Previous literature describes increased incidence of infusion-related reactions when administering thiamine doses greater than 100 mg as an intravenous (IV) push. The purpose of this evaluation was to assess the safety of administering higher doses of thiamine as IV push compared to infusion. Methods: A single-center, retrospective review was performed from June to October 2017. Included patients were aged 18 years or older and received 1 dose of IV thiamine 200 mg or greater. Patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 included patients who received 200-mg IV push and, group 2 included patients who received any dose greater than 200 mg. The primary objective was to quantify and compare rate of adverse reactions between the 2 groups. Institutional thiamine prescribing practices were examined. Wilcoxon Rank Sum and Fischer exact tests were performed. Results: Sixty-six percent of patients were male, and the median age was 55 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 44-63). Fifty percent received 200-mg IV push, 20% received a combination of IV infusion and IV push, and 30% received IV infusion. Adverse reactions possibly due to thiamine administration occurred in 4 (2.0%) patients. One patient received 200 mg via IV infusion, while 3 received 200 mg via IV push. There was no significant difference in adverse reaction rate between IV push and IV infusion administrations ( P = .640). Conclusion: Our results support administering thiamine doses of 200 mg or less as an IV push. Given lack of robust safety data, it is recommended to continue to dilute doses greater than 200 mg and infuse over 30 minutes.
Does modularity of metal-on-metal hip implants increase cobalt: chromium ratio?
Authors: Ilo Kevin C , Aboelmagd Karim , Hothi Harry S , Asaad Asaad , Skinner John A , Hart Alister J 
Published: September 2019

Background: Blood metal ion levels are used in the surveillance of metal-on-metal (MoM) hip implants. Modular implants contain an extra source of metal debris that may affect the ratio of metal ions in the blood. Methods: This was a retrospective study of 503 patients with hip replacements made by a single manufacturer (Smith & Nephew, Warwick, UK) with the same bearing surface. There were 54 total hip arthroplasties, 35 Birmingham Mid-Head Resections and 414 hip resurfacings. Whole blood metal ion levels and their ratios were analysed to investigate the effect of a modular junction. Results: The cobalt:chromium ratios were greater in the total hip arthroplasty group (mean 2.3:1) when compared to the resurfacings group (mean 1.3:1, p = <0.05) and Birmingham Mid-Head Resection group (mean 1.1:1, p = 0.11). Conclusions: This study demonstrated a trend for a higher cobalt:chromium ratio in patients with MoM total hip replacement that may be due to metal debris from the modular stem-head junction. Further work is required to correlate clinical data with retrieval analysis to confirm the effect of taper material loss on the cobalt:chromium ratio.