bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methyl Orange Paired Microextraction and Diffuse Reflectance‐Fourier Transform Infrared Spectral Monitoring for Improved Signal Strength of Total Mixed Cationic Surfactants
Authors: Kurrey Ramsingh , Deb Manas Kanti , Shrivas Kamlesh 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWe report a novel methyl orange paired microextraction (MOP‐ME) and diffuse reflectance‐Fourier transform infrared (DRS‐FTIR) spectral monitoring for improved signal strength of total mixed cationic surfactants (CS+) for its quantification in real water samples. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that describes the rapid quantitative determination of total mixed CS+ using MOP‐ME/DRS‐FTIR. The method is based on separation and preconcentration of CS+ using chloroform as the extracting solvent by the formation of ion‐pair complex with anionic methyl orange (MO−) followed by DRS‐FTIR analysis. The intense vibration peak obtained at 2919 cm−1 in the FTIR spectra was used for the optimization of all analytical parameters and for the determination of mixed CS+. The best extraction efficiency of CS+ from the aqueous solution was obtained at pH 4.0 when extracted for 3 min in chloroform at a stirring rate of 250 rpm. The linearity range obtained for the determination of total mixed CS+ in water sample was 0.150–300 μg L−1 with the limit of detection and limit of quantification as 0.05 and 0.150 μg L−1, respectively. The good recovery percentage (97.1–109.5%) from wastewater showed that the method is very selective for the determination of total CS+ in complex sample matrices. The advantages of the MOP‐ME/DRS‐FTIR method are its simplicity, selectivity, and sensitivity toward the analysis of total mixed CS+ in wastewater samples.
Effects on bread and oil quality after functionalization with microencapsulated chia oil
Authors: González Agustín , Martínez Marcela L , León Alberto E , Ribotta Pablo D 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDOmega‐3 and omega‐6 fatty acids‐rich oils suffer oxidation reactions that alter their chemical and organoleptic quality. Microencapsulation can be a powerful tool for protection against ambient conditions. In the present study, the addition of microencapsulated chia oil as an ingredient in bread preparations and its effect on the technological and chemical quality of breads was investigated.RESULTSMicroencapsulation of chia oil was carried out by freeze‐drying with soy proteins as wall material and oil release was determined under in vitro gastric and intestinal conditions. Encapsulated oil‐containing bread showed no differences in specific volume, average cell area, firmness and chewiness with respect to control bread. Unencapsulated oil‐containing bread showed a marked increase in hydroperoxide values respect to control, whereas encapsulated oil‐containing bread values were not affected by baking and bread storage. The fatty acid profiles showed a decrease of 13% and 16%, respectively, in α‐linolenic acid in the encapsulated and unencapsulated oils with respect to bulk chia oil. Sensory analysis showed no significant differences between bread samples.CONCLUSIONThe addition of encapsulated chia oil did not alter the technological quality of breads and prevented the formation of hydroperoxide radicals. A ration of encapsulated oil‐containing bread contributes 60% of the recommended dietary intake of omega‐3 fatty acids. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Activity‐guided isolation of phase II enzyme inducers from buckwheat flour methanolic extracts
Authors: Qiu Rong‐ying , Wang Jun‐ru , Parkin Kirk L 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDBuckwheat is an important alternative crop and a raw material for functional food formulation. Phase II detoxification proteins/enzymes provide cytoprotective roles against oxidative stress and inflammation originating from various stressors. We aimed to identify and characterize potential phase II enzyme inducers from methanolic extracts of buckwheat flour, using an activity‐guided fractionation based on the induction of quinone reductase (QR) (EC 1.6.5.2) in Hepa 1c1c7 cells.RESULTSWe isolated the QR inducers N‐trans‐feruloyltyramine (I), syringic acid (II), quercetin (III) and myricetin (IV). The relative QR‐inducing ability, as well as the concentration required to double QR specific activity (CD values, in parentheses), decreased in the order: quercetin (3.0 µmol L–1) > N‐trans‐feruloyltyramine (24 µmol L–1) > myricetin (58 µmol L–1) > syringic acid (5.4 mmol L–1). Quercetin and N‐trans‐feruloyltyramine exhibited the greatest extent of QR induction of an approximately four‐fold maximum induction and these compounds also exhibited the greatest values for the ratio of IC50 (i.e. level to reduce viability by 50%): CD values of 11 and > 8.3, respectively, among the four QR inducers isolated. Isobologram analyses for binary combinations of compounds I–IV revealed primarily antagonistic interactions for QR induction.CONCLUSIONThese findings add to our understanding of the nutraceutical potential of buckwheat as a chemoprophylactic dietary component. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Modeling biophysical and anthropogenic effects on soil erosion over the last 2,000 years in central Mexico
Authors: González‐Arqueros Maria Lourdes , Navarrete‐Segueda Armando , Mendoza Manuel E. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractErosion prediction models recreate past scenarios, assess future ones, and determine the best explanatory variables of the soil erosion process. They are widely used and contribute valuable data for landscape management. This paper presents an estimation of soil erosion in the Teotihuacan Valley Basin in central Mexico, assessing its response to biophysical and anthropogenic components during 4 periods within the past 2,000 years. The valley has undergone past and recent anthropogenic erosion and, during the past 2 millennia, has experienced a marked variation in precipitation, variations in land use, soil management, and to a lesser extent, variations in soil type. With the use of the Water Erosion Prediction Project model, we estimated how the above‐mentioned parameters affect soil losses under 4 scenarios: (a) humid conditions (900 mm yr−1) during the Teotihuacan Period (1–650 CE), (b) dry conditions (370 mm yr−1) during the Aztec Period (1325–1521 CE), (c) humid conditions (900 mm yr−1) during the Aztec Period, and (d) present conditions (after 1970 CE; 560 mm yr−1). Comparison of scenarios and a principal component analysis of soil loss according biophysical components showed topography to be the most closely related parameter to soil erosion. Land use and soil type also showed a relationship with soil erosion, particularly during the Aztec Period; climate change did not appear to be the most significant factor in soil loss. Estimation of soil erosion by means of models is an inexpensive way to find answers to future challenges concerning soil erosion in a changing environment.
Egg‐Yolk Sphingomyelin and Phosphatidylcholine Attenuate Cholesterol Absorption in Caco‐2 Cells
Authors: Yang Fang , Chen Guoxun , Ma Meihu , Qiu Ning , Zhu Lingjiao , Li Jing 
Published: March 2018

AbstractPhospholipids have been shown to modulate intestinal cholesterol absorption in cells and animals, a process that is regulated by several transporter proteins. Of these proteins, Niemann–Pick C1‐Like 1 (NPC1L1) is a major contributor to this process. The mechanism by which phospholipids modulate cholesterol absorption remains unknown. Here, we evaluate the effects of egg‐yolk phospholipids on cholesterol absorption and transport in human colon carcinoma cell line (Caco‐2 cells) and on the expression of NPC1L1 and others proteins associated with cholesterol absorption (ABCG5, ABCG8, ABCA1, ACAT2, MTP, CAV‐1, ANX‐2). The roles of SREBP‐1 and SREBP‐2 in this process were also investigated. The results show that egg‐yolk sphingomyelin (CerPCho) and phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho) inhibit cholesterol transport in the Caco‐2 monolayer in a dose‐dependent manner. These might be due to the decrease of the cholesterol solubility in micelles as well as to the increases in the micellar sizes and the bile acid‐binding capacity. Furthermore, the treatments with egg‐yolk CerPCho or PtdCho at 1.2 mmol/L reduced the expression levels of NPC1L1 protein to 21 or 22%, respectively, and its mRNA to 9 or 31% of that in the control group (p < 0.05). Moreover, there was a general inhibitory effect of egg‐yolk PtdCho and CerPCho on the mRNA levels of SREBP‐1, and SREBP‐2. These results suggest that the inhibitory effect of egg‐yolk CerPCho and PtdCho on cholesterol transport might be due to their interference with the physicochemical properties of micelles and their regulations on the expression of the NPC1L1 gene.
Effects of Chain Transfer Agent and Temperature on Branching and β‐Scission in Radical Polymerization of 2‐Ethylhexyl Acrylate
Authors: Lena Jean‐Baptiste , Deschamps Michaël , Sciortino Natasha F. , Masters Sarah L. , Squire Marie A. , Russell Gregory T. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractPoly(2‐ethylhexyl acrylate) is synthesized by conventional radical bulk polymerization both with and without 1‐dodecane thiol as chain transfer agent (CTA) at temperatures from 4 to 140 °C. Electrospray‐ionization mass spectrometry is used to analyze the polymer. This reveals the occurrence of significant β‐scission at high temperature and confirms the presence of CTA‐capped polymers at all temperatures, as well as combination products from 4 to 65 °C. Subsequent 13C melt‐state NMR analysis allows quantification of branching and β‐scission. Both are reduced when CTA is present, consistent with a “patching” effect. As expected, the amounts of β‐scission and branching increase with synthesis temperature, although β‐scission dominates at the highest temperature. The backbiting rate coefficient of 2‐ethylhexyl acrylate is determined from NMR results, taking β‐scission into account for the first time. Remarkable agreement with literature kbb values is obtained, especially for activation energy. This strongly suggests family‐type behavior for acrylate kbb.
Neuroprotective Effects of Creatine in the CMVMJD135 Mouse Model of Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3
Authors: Duarte‐Silva Sara , Neves‐Carvalho Andreia , Soares‐Cunha Carina , Silva Joana M. , Teixeira‐Castro Andreia , Vieira Rita , Silva‐Fernandes Anabela , Maciel Patrícia 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTBackground and Objective: Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in several neurodegenerative diseases. Creatine administration increases concentration of the energy buffer phosphocreatine, exerting protective effects in the brain. We evaluate whether a creatine‐enriched diet would be beneficial for a mouse model of spinocerebellar ataxia type 3, a genetically defined neurodegenerative disease for which no treatment is available.Methods: We performed 2 independent preclinical trials using the CMVMJD135 mouse model (treating 2 groups of animals with different disease severity) and wild‐type mice, to which 2% creatine was provided for 19 (preclinical trial 1) or 29 (preclinical trial 2) weeks, starting at a presymptomatic age. Motor behavior was evaluated at several time points from 5 to 34 weeks of age, and neuropathological studies were performed at the end of each trial.Results: Creatine supplementation led to an overall improvement in the motor phenotype of CMVMJD135 mice in both trials, rescuing motor balance and coordination and also restored brain weight, mitigated astrogliosis, and preserved Calbindin‐positive cells in the cerebellum. Moreover, a reduction of mutant ataxin‐3 aggregates occurred despite maintained steady‐state levels of the protein and the absence of autophagy activation. Creatine treatment also restored the expression of the mitochondrial mass marker Porin and reduced the expression of antioxidant enzymes Heme oxygenase 1 (HO1) and NAD(P)H Quinone Dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1), suggesting a beneficial effect at the level of mitochondria and oxidative stress.Conclusions: Creatine slows disease progression and improves motor dysfunction as well as ameliorates neuropathology of the CMVMJD135 animals, supporting this as a useful strategy to slow the progression of spinocerebellar ataxia type 3. © 2018 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Medical and surgical management of advanced Parkinson's disease
Authors: Antonini Angelo , Moro Elena , Godeiro Clecio , Reichmann Heinz 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAdvanced Parkinson's disease is characterized by the presence of motor fluctuations, various degree of dyskinesia, and disability with functional impact on activities of daily living and independence. Therapeutic management aims to extend levodopa benefit while minimizing motor complications and includes, in selected cases, the implementation of drug infusion and surgical techniques. In milder forms of motor complications, these can often be controlled with manipulation of levodopa dose and the introduction of supplemental therapies such as catechol‐O‐methyl transferase inhibitors, monoamine oxidase B inhibitors, and dopamine agonists including apomorphine. Clinical experience and evidence from published studies indicate that when these agents cannot satisfactorily control motor complications, patients should be assessed and considered for device‐aided therapies. This review article summarizes some of the newer available therapeutic opportunities such as use of enzyme inhibitors like opicapone and safinamide, adenosine A2A receptor antagonists, apomorphine and levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel infusion, deep brain stimulation including the role of closed‐loop and adaptive stimulation, and MRI‐guided focused ultrasound. © 2018 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
The effects of navigator distortion and noise level on interleaved EPI DWI reconstruction: a comparison between image‐ and k‐space‐based method
Authors: Dai Erpeng , Zhang Zhe , Ma Xiaodong , Dong Zijing , Li Xuesong , Xiong Yuhui , Yuan Chun , Guo Hua 
Published: March 2018

PurposeTo study the effects of 2D navigator distortion and noise level on interleaved EPI (iEPI) DWI reconstruction, using either the image‐ or k‐space‐based method.MethodsThe 2D navigator acquisition was adjusted by reducing its echo spacing in the readout direction and undersampling in the phase encoding direction. A POCS‐based reconstruction using image‐space sampling function (IRIS) algorithm (POCSIRIS) was developed to reduce the impact of navigator distortion. POCSIRIS was then compared with the original IRIS algorithm and a SPIRiT‐based k‐space algorithm, under different navigator distortion and noise levels.ResultsReducing the navigator distortion can improve the reconstruction of iEPI DWI. The proposed POCSIRIS and SPIRiT‐based algorithms are more tolerable to different navigator distortion levels, compared to the original IRIS algorithm. SPIRiT may be hindered by low SNR of the navigator.ConclusionMulti‐shot iEPI DWI reconstruction can be improved by reducing the 2D navigator distortion. Different reconstruction methods show variable sensitivity to navigator distortion or noise levels. Furthermore, the findings can be valuable in applications such as simultaneous multi‐slice accelerated iEPI DWI and multi‐slab diffusion imaging.
Modeling the Effects of Vital Rate Manipulation and Management Scenarios to Predict the Population Impact of Restoration Programs on an Unrecovered Coastal Population of Striped Bass
Authors: Bradley Caitlin E. , Rice James A. , Aday D. Derek 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Striped Bass Morone saxatilis have supported important fisheries along the Atlantic coast of North America. However, the species experienced major declines due to overharvest, water quality degradation, and dam construction. Restoration efforts have been successful for specific stocks but unsuccessful for the Striped Bass population in the Neuse River of North Carolina. Ongoing research programs have estimated stage- and source-specific mortality rates to identify mechanisms associated with the lack of recovery of the population. These demographic data are useful; however, they give little insight into the effectiveness of potential restoration programs. To develop effective management strategies, we used estimated mortality rates from the literature to build an age-structured population model. We estimated that if vital rates remained constant, the Neuse River adult Striped Bass population would consist of 18,457 individuals (95% credible interval = 8,176–34,314). We then conducted a life stage simulation analysis to determine the adult population abundance and age structure that would result from a 50% decrease of the following: juvenile and adult natural mortality, recreational discard and harvest, and commercial discard and harvest. Finally, we simulated the potential impacts of six possible management scenarios on population abundance and age structure. We determined that the abundances of adults (age 3+) and older adults (age 6+) were most sensitive to natural mortality of juveniles and adults and next most sensitive to commercial harvest and discard. We further estimated that eliminating all fishing mortality would have the greatest impact on the population and would result in a 26-fold increase in abundance of age-6+ adults. Our results suggest that high mortality rates are preventing the development of a sufficient abundance of adult spawning stock. We recommend that managers use this model to identify the most effective management scenario—given specific goals and constraints—to help increase Striped Bass abundance in the Neuse River.
A survey and classification of controller placement problem in SDN
Authors: Singh Ashutosh Kumar , Srivastava Shashank 
Published: March 2018

SummarySoftware defined networking emerges as a promising paradigm shift that decouples the control plane from the data plane. It has the ability to centrally monitor and control the network through softwarization, ie, controller. Deploying a single controller is inefficient to handle large network traffic; thereby, making multiple controllers are a necessity of current software defined networking in wide area networks. Placing multiple controllers in an optimum way, ie, controller placement is a vibrant research problem. Controller placement problem (CPP) is of twofold: the minimum number of controllers to be placed in a network and locations of these controllers. Numerous researchers in the last 5 years (2012 to November 2017) have proposed solutions for the CPP, which is an NP‐hard problem. In general, solutions are based on objective functions and their optimum solutions considering various factors (such as propagation latency between switches and controllers, and intercontrollers) and constraints (such as the capacity of controllers and switches). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt of state‐of‐the‐art review on CPP. This paper classifies the CPP, critically analyzes the existing solutions, and finds limitations and future scope existing, which will help potential researchers in this area to innovate new solutions for CPP lying on this information.
Association between rs2275913 single‐nucleotide polymorphism of the interleukin‐17A gene and perioperative analgesic use in cosmetic orthognathic surgery
Authors: Ohka Seii , Nishizawa Daisuke , Hasegawa Junko , Takahashi Kaori , Nakayama Kyoko , Ebata Yuko , Fukuda Ken‐ichi , Ikeda Kazutaka 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAimInterleukin‐17A (IL‐17A) plays an essential role in tissue inflammation by inducing proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production and is related to innate immune reactions. IL‐17A also contributes to neuroinflammation, neuropathic pain, and mechanical hypersensitivity after peripheral nerve injury in rodents. To clarify the contribution of IL‐17A to pain‐related phenotypes in humans, we investigated the association between pain‐related phenotypes and the rs2275913 single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the IL‐17A gene, which has been reported to be associated with rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis, and some cancers.MethodsThe present study used a correlational design to examine the impact of the rs2275913 SNP on postoperative pain‐related phenotypes in a group of patients who underwent cosmetic orthognathic surgery.ResultsCarriers of the AA genotype had higher opioid requirements during and after surgery than carriers of the AG and GG genotypes (P = .009). Linear regression analysis indicated that opioid requirements linearly increased as the copy number of the A allele of the SNP increased (P = .008).ConclusionsOpioid requirements during and after surgery are enhanced in carriers of the AA genotype of the rs2275913 SNP of the IL‐17A gene, possibly through an enhancement of IL‐17A function that induces inflammation that is related to the inflammatory pain stimulus.
Comparative analysis of palmitoylation sites of serotonin (5‐HT) receptors in vertebrates
Authors: Kaizuka Toshie , Hayashi Takashi 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackgroundIn the vertebrate central nervous system as well as in the periphery, serotonin, also known as 5‐hydroxytriptamine (5‐HT), function as a neurotransmitter, a hormone or a mitogen. 5‐HT receptors are composed of 7 family 5‐HT1‐7 receptors, comprising of 14 structurally and pharmacologically distinct 5‐HT receptor subtypes. Previous experimental studies showed that mouse 5‐HT1A, 5‐HT4 and 5‐HT7 receptors are regulated by post‐translational protein palmitoylation, the reversible attachment of the lipid palmitate to intracellular cysteine residues. Here, we further focused on conservation of these putative palmitoylation sites found in vertebrate 5‐HT receptor orthologs.Methods and ResultsAnalysis of sequence databases provides evidence to suggest that palmitoylation sites of these 5‐HT receptors have been extremely conserved in the vertebrate lineages from jawless fishes to human, in spite of the divergence of 5‐HT1A, 5‐HT4 or 5‐HT7 receptors full‐length amino acid sequences during molecular evolution.ConclusionOur findings mean that dynamic regulation of 5‐HT receptors made possible by reversible post‐translational protein palmitoylation may be critical for refined functions of the vertebrate serotonergic systems.
Unusual twinning: Additional findings during prenatal diagnosis of twin zygosity by single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array
Authors: Zou Zhiyong , Huang Linhuan , Lin Shaobin , He Zhiming , Luo Yanmin 
Published: March 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the incidence and characteristics of unusual twinning by using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array to identify twin zygosity.MethodsThis study reviewed 386 twin pairs who were seen for prenatal or postnatal diagnosis and underwent SNP array to detect zygosity.ResultsThe incidence of monozygotic (MZ) twins was 11.36% (25/220) in the assisted reproductive technology (ART)‐conceived group. Monochorionic dizygotic twins represented 3 of 24 monochorionic ART‐conceived twin pairs (3/24, 12.50%) but none in the spontaneous twin pairs. Among 4 single‐embryo transfer twin pairs, 3 represented unusual twinning, including 2 MZ twin pairs with discordant karyotypes and 1 dizygotic twin pair of the same gender. Of the pregnancies with 2 or more embryos transferred, 7.77% (15/193) were MZ. Additionally, there was a dichorionic monozygotic twin pair with placental vascular anastomoses from a day‐5 blastocyst transfer.ConclusionSingle nucleotide polymorphism array can provide zygosity diagnosis in addition to chromosomal copy number variation and uniparental disomy detection. ART twin pregnancies have a risk of unusual twinning, such as monochorionic dizygotic, single‐embryo transfer twin pairs with discordant karyotypes or dizygotic, and dichorionic monozygotic with vascular anastomoses from day‐5 transfer.