bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ВЗАЄМОЗВ’ЯЗОК ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ ЗДОБУВАЧІВ ВИЩОЇ ЮРИДИЧНОЇ ОСВІТИ СПЕЦІАЛЬНОСТІ 081 «ПРАВО» ТА ЮРИДИЧНОЇ ПРАКТИЧНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ
Authors: ЄФРЕМОВА Олена 
Published: October 2024

У статті з’ясовано сутність процесу вдосконалення юридичної практичної діяльності як виду правової роботи у сфері як юриспруденції, так і професійної підготовки здобувачів вищої юридичної освіти спеціальності 081 «Право». Обґрунтовано, що освітні професійні програми підготовки здобувачів вищої юридичної освіти мають спиратися на чинне вітчизняне законодавство та сучасні досягнення юридичної науки. Проаналізовано юридичну практичну діяльність як вид соціальної діяльності юристів у сфері права на професійній основі. Конста­товано, що існує механізм зв’язку між правовою наукою, практикою і вищою юридичною освітою.
Мета статті – охарактеризувати взаємозв’язок професійної підготовки здобувачів вищої юридичної освіти спеціальності 081 «Право» та юридичної практичної діяльності.
Висновки. 1. Нагально необхідним є вдосконалення юридичної практичної діяльності як виду правової роботи у сфері як юриспруденції, так і професійної підготовки здобувачів вищої юридичної освіти спеціальності 081 «Право». 2. Здобувачі вищої юридичної освіти спеціальності 081 «Право» повинні знати, що під час своєї роботи юрист керується міркуваннями юридичного характеру, спирається на знання соціальних та правових норм. 3. Освітні професійні програми підготовки здобувачів вищої юридичної освіти спеціальності 081 «Право» мають спиратися на чинне вітчизняне законодавство та сучасні досягнення юридичної науки. 4. Юридична практична діяльність – вид соціальної діяльності юристів у сфері права на професійній основі з використанням юридичних засобів та способів у межах установлених чинним законодавством форм. 5. Юридична професія передбачає високий рівень особистої відповідальності, адже завжди пов’язана з долею людей, суспільства, держави. 6. Механізм зв’язку між правовою наукою, практикою і юридичною освітою функціонує в правовій системі держави і обумовлений функціонуванням механізму публічної влади і правової системи суспільства.
Prevalência de alergias alimentares na população adulta de Limeira - SP
Authors: Vitor Fernanda Pontes , Godoy Ana Carolina Alves de , Merlini Vanessa Vanderléia 
Published: October 2024

A alergia alimentar é uma condição que afeta uma parcela significativa da população no cenário contemporâneo, classifica-se como hipersensibilidade tipo 1 e se manifesta de forma imediata (mediada por IgE), tardia (não mediada por IgE) e reações mistas, tendo como tratamento principal e eficaz a eliminação dos alimentos alérgenos responsáveis. Esse trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a prevalência de alergias alimentares nos adultos na cidade de Limeira–SP, identificando quais são os principais alimentos responsáveis pelas AA, a percepção sobre os sintomas e os impactos sociais. Para tanto, foi aplicado um questionário via online pelo Google Forms, com a participação de 243 entrevistados onde 50 destes afirmaram ter alergia alimentar. As respostas foram analisadas de forma qualitativa e os resultados obtidos mostraram que o leite (38%) e os frutos do mar (30%) foram os alimentos alérgenos mais comuns entre os entrevistados, já os sintomas mais relatados foram pruridos (13,8%) e diarreia (11,5%). Em relação ao diagnóstico apenas 11 entrevistados confirmaram ter realizado testes comprovatórios para a identificação da AA, mas cerca de 22% das pessoas que participaram desta pesquisa relatou sofrer incômodos e desconfortos e 18% de ter reações alérgicas após o consumo de alguns tipos de alimentos, ou seja, evidenciando a importância do diagnóstico correto, já que essa patologia pode influenciar o cotidiano das pessoas acometidas e o bem-estar físico e psicológico.
L’Acratique en nos temps incertains : de l’ombre aux vertus
Authors: Praz Jean 
Published: October 2024

Si l’acrasie est le fait d’agir en opposition à la décision fondée sur les
meilleures raisons, nous sommes aujourd’hui dans une situation acratique au sujet du
changement climatique. En effet, nous en reconnaissons l’existence : nous accordons un
crédit élevé aux sciences concernées et les climato-sceptiques sont peu nombreux. Mais nos
actions hésitent entre l’inexistence et l’insuffisance. Pourquoi ? En fait, la confiance
dans les sciences est minée par le discrédit envers la raison. Le « technique » est
surévalué en bien ou en mal, et l’éthique de ses choix oubliée. Le recours au politique
occulte l’importance décisive de la société, cette crise touchant le comportement privé de
chacun. Enfin règnent peur et méfiance qui empêchent d’accepter sereinement l’incertitude
inhérente au savoir et à la vie. Comment corriger cette acrasie ? Par un retour à une
épistémologie faillibiliste et réaliste fondée sur la vérité, sur l’objectivité des faits et
appuyée par un exercice des vertus intellectuelles.
Performance of French Bean Genotypes at Late Season Sowing in Sylhet, Bangladesh
Authors: Chanda Argho , Alauddin Md. , Hafiz Maliha Binte , Islam Md. Fakrul , Islam Md. Shahidul , Emon Emdadul Haque 
Published: October 2024

Performance of four French bean genotypes were evaluated at late sowing condition in Randomized Complete Block design with three replications at the experimental field of Sylhet Agricultural University, Bangladesh to assess the yield performance of French bean genotypes under late-season sowing conditions in Sylhet, Bangladesh. Seeds of four French bean genotypes including BARI Jharsheem-1, Jharsheem-2, Jharsheem-3 and Local were sown in the main field at 25 November and 25 December 2022. The highest number of pods per plant was found in the genotype BARI Jharsheem-1 (32.14), which was statistically at par with the genotype BARI Jharsheem-2 (30.46). The lowest number of pods per plant was found in the genotype BARI Jharsheem-3 (20.10) which was closer to local genotypes (21.68). The highest pod yield per plant was found in BARI Jharsheem-1 (194.45 g) and the lowest in BARI Jharsheem-2 (125.62 g) which was statistically similar with the remaining two genotypes. The highest yield per decimal was produced by the genotype BARI Jharsheem-1 (95.04 Kg) but the lowest yield per decimal was produced by BARI Jharsheem-2 (61.41 Kg). Significant variation was found of sowing date on yield and yield attributes of French bean except some parameters. Maximum yield per decimal was produced from 25 December sowing (73.57 Kg) than 25 November sowing (68.09 Kg). However, interaction effect showed appreciable amount of green pods from BARI Jharsheem-1 at 25 November (87.17 kg/decimal) and 25 December sowing (102.91 kg/decimal) indicating bright scope during late winter season. The results conclude that among the genotypes, BARI Jharsheem- 1 had the highest pod yield and yield per decimal. Sowing on December 25 produced higher yields (73.57 kg/decimal) than November 25 (68.09 kg/decimal). These findings suggest the potential to improve French bean yield and market availability during late winter through optimized genotype selection and sowing dates.
Reversal of Increasing Tropical Ocean Hypoxia Trends With Sustained Climate Warming
Authors: Fu Weiwei , Primeau Francois , Keith Moore J. , Lindsay Keith , Randerson James T. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractDissolved oxygen (O2) is essential for the survival of marine animals. Climate change impacts on future oxygen distributions could modify species biogeography, trophic interactions, biodiversity, and biogeochemistry. The Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 models predict a decreasing trend in marine O2 over the 21st century. Here we show that this increasing hypoxia trend reverses in the tropics after 2100 in the Community Earth System Model forced by atmospheric CO2 from the Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 and Extended Concentration Pathway 8.5. In tropical intermediate waters between 200 and 1,000 m, the model predicts a steady decline of O2 and an expansion of oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) during the 21st century. By 2150, however, the trend reverses with oxygen concentration increasing and OMZ volume shrinking through 2300. A novel five‐box model approach in conjunction with output from the full Earth system model is used to separate the contributions of biological and physical processes to the trends in tropical oxygen. The tropical O2 recovery is caused mainly by reductions in tropical biological export, coupled with a modest increase in ventilation after 2200. The time‐evolving oxygen distribution impacts marine nitrogen cycling, with potentially important climate feedbacks.
Benthic Carbon Mineralization in Hadal Trenches: Insights From In Situ Determination of Benthic Oxygen Consumption
Authors: Luo Min , Glud Ronnie N. , Pan Binbin , Wenzhöfer Frank , Xu Yunping , Lin Gang , Chen Duofu 
Published: March 2018

AbstractHadal trenches have been proposed as depocenters of organic material and hot spots for organic matter mineralization. In this study, we for the first time quantified the total benthic O2 uptake in hadal trenches using in situ chamber incubations. Three trenches in the tropical Pacific were targeted and exhibited relatively high diagenetic activity given the great water depths, that is, the Mariana Trench (2.0 × 102 μmol O2 m−2 d−1, 10,853 m), the Mussau Trench (2.7 ± 0.1 × 102 μmol O2 m−2 d−1, 7,011 m), and the New Britain Trench (6.0 ± 0.1 × 102 μmol O2 m−2 d−1, 8,225 m). Combined with the analyses of total organic carbon and δ13C of total organic carbon in the sediments and previously published in situ O2 microprofiles from hadal settings, we suggest that hadal benthic carbon mineralization partly is governed by the surface production and also is linked to the distance from land. Therefore, we highlight that terrestrial organic matter can be of importance in sustaining benthic communities in some hadal settings.
Surface Creep Rate and Moment Accumulation Rate Along the Aceh Segment of the Sumatran Fault From L‐band ALOS‐1/PALSAR‐1 Observations
Authors: Tong X. , Sandwell D. T. , Schmidt D. A. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWe analyzed the interferometric synthetic aperture radar data from the ALOS‐1/PALSAR‐1 satellite to image the interseismic deformation along the Sumatran fault. The interferometric synthetic aperture radar time series analysis reveals up to ~20 mm/year of aseismic creep on the Aceh segment along the Northern Sumatran fault. This is a large fraction of the total slip rate across this fault. The spatial extent of the aseismic creep extends for ~100 km. The along‐strike variation of the aseismic creep has an inverse “U” shape. An analysis of the moment accumulation rate shows that the central part of the creeping section accumulates moment at approximately 50% of the rate of the surrounding locked segments. An initial analysis of temporal variations suggests that the creep rate may be decelerating with time, suggesting that the creep rate is adjusting to a stress perturbation from nearby seismic activity. Our study has implications to the earthquake hazard along the northern Sumatran fault.
Influence of the IMF Cone Angle on Invariant Latitudes of Polar Region Footprints of FACs in the Magnetotail: Cluster Observation
Authors: Cheng Z. W. , Shi J. K. , Zhang J. C. , Torkar K. , Kistler L. M. , Dunlop M. , Carr C. , Rème H. , Dandouras I. , Fazakerley A. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe influence of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) cone angle θ (the angle between the IMF direction and the Sun‐Earth line) on the invariant latitudes of the footprints of the field‐aligned currents (FACs) in the magnetotail has been investigated. We performed a statistical study of 542 FAC cases observed by the four Cluster spacecraft in the Northern Hemisphere. The results show that there are almost no FACs when the IMF cone angle is less than 10°, and there are indications of the FACs in the plasma sheet boundary layers being weak under the radial IMF conditions. The footprints of the large FAC (>10 nA/m2) cases are within invariant latitudes <71° and mainly within IMF cone angles θ > 60°, which implies that the footprints of the large FACs mainly expand equatorward with large IMF cone angle. The equatorward boundary of the FAC footprints in the polar region decreases with increasing IMF cone angle (and has a better correlation for northward IMF), which shows that the IMF cone angle plays an important controlling role in FAC distributions in the magnetosphere‐ionosphere coupling system. There is almost no correlation between the poleward boundary and the IMF cone angle for both northward and southward IMF. This is because the poleward boundary movement is limited by an enhanced lobe magnetic flux. This is the first time a correlation between FAC footprints in the polar region and IMF cone angles has been determined.
Analysis and Hindcast Experiments of the 2009 Sudden Stratospheric Warming in WACCMX+DART
Authors: Pedatella N. M. , Liu H.‐L. , Marsh D. R. , Raeder K. , Anderson J. L. , Chau J. L. , Goncharenko L. P. , Siddiqui T. A. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe ability to perform data assimilation in the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model eXtended version (WACCMX) is implemented using the Data Assimilation Research Testbed (DART) ensemble adjustment Kalman filter. Results are presented demonstrating that WACCMX+DART analysis fields reproduce the middle and upper atmosphere variability during the 2009 major sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) event. Compared to specified dynamics WACCMX, which constrains the meteorology by nudging toward an external reanalysis, the large‐scale dynamical variability of the stratosphere, mesosphere, and lower thermosphere is improved in WACCMX+DART. This leads to WACCMX+DART better representing the downward transport of chemical species from the mesosphere into the stratosphere following the SSW. WACCMX+DART also reproduces most aspects of the observed variability in ionosphere total electron content and equatorial vertical plasma drift during the SSW. Hindcast experiments initialized on 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 January are used to assess the middle and upper atmosphere predictability in WACCMX+DART. A SSW, along with the associated middle and upper atmosphere variability, is initially predicted in the hindcast initialized on 15 January, which is ∼10 days prior to the warming. However, it is not until the hindcast initialized on 20 January that a major SSW is forecast to occur. The hindcast experiments reveal that dominant features of the total electron content can be forecasted ∼10–20 days in advance. This demonstrates that whole atmosphere models that properly account for variability in lower atmosphere forcing can potentially extend the ionosphere‐thermosphere forecast range.
Recent Increases in Wildfires in the Himalayas and Surrounding Regions Detected in Central Tibetan Ice Core Records
Authors: You Chao , Yao Tandong , Xu Chao 
Published: March 2018

AbstractChanges in fire activity across regions around the Tibetan Plateau are poorly understood, especially under the recent warming and drying trends. In this work, we report records of the specific fire tracer levoglucosan in a central Tibetan ice core, indicating a rapid increase in wildfires across the Himalayas and surroundings at the beginning of the 21st century. The climate system, especially precipitation changes, modulates the annual variability of wildfires in regions around the Tibetan Plateau. Decreasing premonsoon precipitation has prolonged the dry seasons across Himalayan regions affected by the Indian summer monsoon; meanwhile, increasing precipitation over the arid and semiarid Indus River Plain promotes plant growth and thereby increases biofuel availability. These trends have therefore induced increased frequencies of strong wildfires in the Himalayas and surroundings. Increasing strong wildfire events can potentially enhance black carbon deposits on Himalayan glaciers, which would impact glacial melting during the premonsoon wildfire seasons in the near future.
The Role of Roughness and Stability on the Momentum Flux in the Marine Atmospheric Surface Layer: A Study on the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Hackerott J. A. , Pezzi L. P. , Bakhoday Paskyabi M. , Oliveira A. P. , Reuder J. , de Souza R. B. , de Camargo R. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractFor the first time, in situ turbulence measurements collected in the vicinity of the Brazil‐Malvinas Confluence are used to determine the influence of the ocean waves and atmospheric stability on the Marine Atmospheric Surface Layer. From the analysis of 187 high‐frequency sampled segments of temperature and wind velocity, carefully selected from three ship campaigns of the Air‐Sea Interaction at Brazil‐Malvinas Confluence project, we found a particular behavior of the drag coefficient, with a negative trend for a calm wind speed up to 10 m/s when the significant wave height was lower than 2.5 m, and a continuous decrease of the drag coefficient with increasing wind speed for significant wave height higher than 2.5 m. The results suggest that waves act as roughness elements during high wave conditions, inducing a zero‐plane displacement in the order of 0.1 to 1 m as an indication for a wave‐induced roughness layer. In addition, the analysis of the turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) budget indicates the occurrence of upward TKE transport mainly during stable conditions, while the general patterns of transport and dissipation of TKE are similar to observations taken over land surfaces.
The Influential Role of Sociocultural Feedbacks on Community‐Managed Irrigation System Behaviors During Times of Water Stress
Authors: Gunda T. , Turner B. L. , Tidwell V. C. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractSociohydrological studies use interdisciplinary approaches to explore the complex interactions between physical and social water systems and increase our understanding of emergent and paradoxical system behaviors. The dynamics of community values and social cohesion, however, have received little attention in modeling studies due to quantification challenges. Social structures associated with community‐managed irrigation systems around the world, in particular, reflect these communities' experiences with a multitude of natural and social shocks. Using the Valdez acequia (a communally‐managed irrigation community in northern New Mexico) as a simulation case study, we evaluate the impact of that community's social structure in governing its responses to water availability stresses posed by climate change. Specifically, a system dynamics model (developed using insights from community stakeholders and multiple disciplines that captures biophysical, socioeconomic, and sociocultural dynamics of acequia systems) was used to generate counterfactual trajectories to explore how the community would behave with streamflow conditions expected under climate change. We found that earlier peak flows, combined with adaptive measures of shifting crop selection, allowed for greater production of higher value crops and fewer people leaving the acequia. The economic benefits were lost, however, if downstream water pressures increased. Even with significant reductions in agricultural profitability, feedbacks associated with community cohesion buffered the community's population and land parcel sizes from more detrimental impacts, indicating the community's resilience under natural and social stresses. Continued exploration of social structures is warranted to better understand these systems' responses to stress and identify possible leverage points for strengthening community resilience.
Plant Osmoregulation as an Emergent Water‐Saving Adaptation
Authors: Perri Saverio , Entekhabi Dara , Molini Annalisa 
Published: March 2018

AbstractSoil salinity affects plant transpiration and growth through two main pathways: the osmotic effect of salt in the soil (osmotic stress; analogous to water stress) and the toxic effect of salt within the plant (ionic stress; salt specific). However, the drastic and sudden reduction of transpiration exhibited by most species in response to an increase of salinity in the root zone is mainly associated with the osmotic phase, while ionic stress appears at a later time, causing the premature senescence of leaves and the reduction of the plant photosynthetic area. To better investigate the effects of salinity on plant‐water relations, we introduce a parsimonious soil‐plant‐atmosphere continuum (SPAC) model accounting for both salt exclusion at the root level and osmoregulation—i.e., the adjustment of internal water potential in response to salt stress. The model is used to interpret a paradox observed in salt‐tolerant species where transpiration is maximum at an intermediate value of salinity (), and is lower in more fresh () and more saline () conditions. Such nonmonotonic transpiration‐salt concentration () patterns can be largely explained by plant osmoregulation, while the peak of transpiration attends to disappear over longer time scales, when ionic stress appears and morphological adaptations become predominant. Osmoregulation emerges here as a water‐saving behavior similar to the strategies that xerophytes use to cope with aridity. The maximum of transpiration atis thus the result of a trade‐off between the enhancement of salt‐tolerance and optimal carbon assimilation.
Slow Impacts on Strong Targets Bring on the Heat
Authors: Melosh H. J. , Ivanov B. A. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAn important new paper by Kurosawa and Genda (2017, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL076285) reports a previously overlooked source of heating in low velocity meteorite impacts. Plastic deformation of the pressure‐strengthened rocks behind the shock front dissipates energy, which appears as heat in addition to that generated across the shock wave itself. This heat source has surprisingly escaped explicit attention for decades: First, because it is minimized in the geometry typically chosen for laboratory experiments; and second because it is most important in rocks, and less so for the metals usually used in experiments. Nevertheless, modern numerical computer codes that include strength do compute this heating correctly. This raises the philosophical question of whether we can claim to understand some process just because our computer codes compute the results correctly.
Complex Fault Geometry and Rupture Dynamics of the MW 6.5, 30 October 2016, Central Italy Earthquake
Authors: Scognamiglio L. , Tinti E. , Casarotti E. , Pucci S. , Villani F. , Cocco M. , Magnoni F. , Michelini A. , Dreger D. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWe study the 30 October 2016 Norcia earthquake (MW 6.5) to retrieve the rupture history by jointly inverting seismograms and coseismic Global Positioning System displacements obtained by dense local networks. The adopted fault geometry consists of a main normal fault striking N155° and dipping 47° belonging to the Mt. Vettore‐Mt. Bove fault system (VBFS) and a secondary fault plane striking N210° and dipping 36° to the NW. The coseismic rupture initiated on the VBFS and propagated with similar rupture velocity on both fault planes. Updip from the nucleation point, two main slip patches have been imaged on these fault segments, both characterized by similar peak‐slip values (~3 m) and rupture times (~3 s). After the breakage of the two main slip patches, coseismic rupture further propagated southeastward along the VBFS, rupturing again the same fault portion that slipped during the 24 August earthquake. The retrieved coseismic slip distribution is consistent with the observed surface breakages and the deformation pattern inferred from interferometric synthetic aperture radar measurements. Our results show that three different fault systems were activated during the 30 October earthquake. The composite rupture model inferred in this study provides evidences that also a deep portion of the NNE trending section of the Olevano‐Antrodoco‐Sibillini thrust broke coseismically, implying the kinematic inversion of a thrust ramp. The obtained rupture history indicates that in this sector of the Apennines, compressional structures inherited from past tectonics can alternatively segment boundaries of NW trending active normal faults or break coseismically during moderate‐to‐large magnitude earthquakes.