bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transformational leadership, customer citizenship behavior, employee intrinsic motivation, and employee creativity
Authors: Minh-Duc Le , Huu-Lam Nguyen 
Published: August 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the simultaneous relationships among transformational leadership (TFL), customer citizenship behavior (CCB), employee intrinsic motivation (IM) and employee creativity (EC).Design/methodology/approachThis study was conducted in companies (hotels and tour operators) from the hospitality sector in Vietnam. The respondents were selected based on convenience sampling. A cross-sectional survey design and questionnaire method was used for data collection.FindingsThe results of the empirical analysis suggest that: employee IM is significantly associated with EC, both TFL and CCB are positively related to employee IM and EC and employee IM positively mediates the effects of both TFL and CCB on EC.Practical implicationsThe results may help managers focus on TFL behavior, CCB and employee IM to achieve higher EC.Originality/valueThis investigation is expected to be new and valuable. Research on relationships of CCB, employee IM and EC is of significant importance but has not been examined to date. It is hoped that this study addresses this important gap in the marketing literature.
Tackling service quality in the telecommunication B2B market
Authors: Tas Aysegul , Ergin Elif Akagün , Kurtulmuşoğlu Feride Bahar , Sahin Omer Faruk 
Published: August 2019

PurposeThis study will attempt to focus on how vendors serve operators, as operator service quality starts with vendor’s technology infrastructure and service quality. The purpose of this study is to exhibit the most important vendor service quality items and dimensions for the operators in the telecommunications industry.Design/methodology/approachA total of 268 employees from various age groups, cities, job levels and departments participated in the survey.FindingsExpected service quality results indicated that operators need high service quality. When telecommunication needs of subscribers are taken into account, it is normal for operators to expect high service quality from vendors. Results also reveal that being dependable and providing continuous support are critical for the telecommunications industry. Perceived service quality results demonstrate that customer expectations failed to be satisfied. In this study conducted in the telecommunications market, the expectations of operator employees regarding vendors is shaped under two dimensions. These dimensions are employee and service center features and provider timeliness and accuracy. When Topsis method was used to determine the most important vendor characteristics, timeliness and trust were identified as the top two criteria.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to put forth the most important vendor service quality items and dimensions for the operators in the telecommunications industry.
Antecedents of SMEs’ satisfaction and loyalty towards Islamic microfinance
Authors: Rokhman Wahibur , Abduh Muhamad 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine factors influencing the level of satisfaction of Islamic microfinance customers and their loyalty toward their patronized institution in Central Java, Indonesia.

Design/methodology/approach
The target population is all customers of Islamic microfinance institutions in Central Java, Indonesia. A sample of 300 respondents is selected for this study using purposive sampling and only 246 data are used in the analysis. The data are then analyzed using structural equation model with cost of loan, risk of loan, loan repayment, family welfare and Shariah issues as exogenous variables and satisfaction and loyalty as endogenous variables tested in the model.

Findings
The findings have shown that there is a significant effect of cost of loan, risk of loan and loan repayment upon the customers’ satisfaction and from the customers’ satisfaction toward the customers’ loyalty. The Shariah issues and family welfare were statistically insignificant to predict the customers’ satisfaction, which imply a big homework of Islamic finance academics and practitioners in Indonesia to educate people about Islamic finance and to show the real positive impact of Islamic finance models toward poverty.

Originality/value
Central Java is the province with a large number of SME and microfinance institutions, both conventional and Islamic, in Indonesia. This study provides a good insight for researchers seeking updated information about microfinance in Indonesia.
Labour economy: do unions really influence sourcing decisions?
Authors: Boccalatte Kaylee 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
This article aims to uncover the influence employment relations, and more specifically union avoidance has on the decision to outsource road transport. Employment Relations literature often attributes outsourcing decision to decollectivist strategies, minimising the influence unions have in their workplaces or to labour cost reduction objectives. These explanations, however, fail to explain why some firms do not outsource when their sourcing structure incurs greater union involvement or industrial relation.

Design/methodology/approach
The author examines two case studies. Company A and Company B, while operating in a similar environment, selling similar products and offering a similar home delivery service have adopted different governance structures for their outbound transport function; Company A has integrated while Company B has outsourced. Was union avoidance or transaction cost reductions central to their respective decisions?

Findings
Company A did not integrate in an effort to circumvent union intervention or reduce costs. Company A’s integration, on the contrary, increased the firm’s dealings with unions, as well as regulatory compliance and transaction costs. Company B’s decision to outsource yielded similar results. While not experiencing an increase in union intervention, the firm failed to reduce the density of unionised labour and by maintaining ownership of delivery vehicles, saw a rise in costs.

Originality/value
Union avoidance is not an explanatory factor in the sourcing decision, nor is it possible to explain through transaction cost economics. Explication for outcomes lies in value enhancement. Companies are willing to incur higher employment relations and transport costs if the result is higher value capture.
Microstructural evolution and microhardness response of H11 hot forging dies
Authors: Joshy Sam , K.R. Jayadevan , A. Ramesh , D. Mahipal 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
The prime task of research in hot forging industry is to improve the service life of forging dies. The in-service microstructural changes that may occur in a die during hot forging is expected to significantly affect the service life. The purpose of this work is to analyse the microstructural evolution of double tempered hot forging dies in a real industrial environment, and the correlation of microstructural and microhardness evolution to the in-service wear and plastic deformation.

Design/methodology/approach
Specific hot forging tests were carried out on double tempered AISI H11 chromium tool steel for 100, 500 and 1,000 forging strokes. Macro analysis was conducted on die cross section to analyse the wear and plastic deformation at different stages of forging cycles. Microhardness and microstructural analyses were performed on the die surface after these forging tests.

Findings
The macro analysis on the transverse section of dies shows that wear is predominant during initial forging strokes, whereas plastic deformation is observed in later stages. Microstructural analyses demonstrate that during first 500 forging cycles, carbide population decreases at 63 per cent higher rate as compared to corresponding drop during 501 to 1,000 forging cycles. Additionally, the carbide size increases at all stages of forging cycle. Further, microstructural images from dies after 1,000 forging strokes show clustering and spherodisation of carbides by which the “blocky”-shaped carbides in pre-forging samples had spherodised to form “elongated spherical” structures.

Practical implications
The findings of this work can be used in hot forging industries to predict amount of wear and plastic deformation at different stages of service. From the results of this work, the service life of double tempered H11 hot forging dies used in forging without lubrication is within 501 to 1,000 forgings.

Originality/value
Most of the literatures are focussed on the cyclic softening of material at constant temperature. This work analyses the microstructural evolution of double tempered hot forging dies in a real industrial environment and correlates the microstructural and microhardness evolution to the in-service wear and plastic deformation.
Dirty work: cultural iconography and working‐class pride in industrial apprenticeships
Authors: Pleasant Emma 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn the seemingly routine and the everyday, lie layers of cultural and social symbolism. So it is with dirt. This article examines the social and cultural roles of dirt within socialization practices in working‐class industrial and ex‐industrial communities. Drawn from oral history accounts with 46 former and current engineering apprentices, the discussion demonstrates dirt as a concept and a practicality, and how the idea of ‘getting dirty’ provided a cultural imagery used to renegotiate moral boundaries that devalue working class, masculine experiences and identities. Building on from the work of Skeggs (1997, 2004, 2011), it demonstrates the lived experience of value within the industrial workplace past and present. Through dirt, the role of cultural artefacts and iconography within working‐class experience and workplace training is explored. Additionally, the role of a cultural icon like dirt in the intergenerational dialogues of workplace communities is given new attention. In doing so the article argues that while after decades of underinvestment in apprenticeships as a model for training in the UK, a recent resurgence in interest can go some way in overcoming the long‐term effects of the loss of large‐scale industrial work. However, the cultures of work attached to the apprenticeships of the past are, within deindustrialization, much more complicated to develop or recreate.
Matrix methods for stochastic dynamic programming in ecology and evolutionary biology
Authors: Reimer Jody R. , Mangel Marc , Derocher Andrew E. , Lewis Mark A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractOrganisms are constantly making tradeoffs. These tradeoffs may be behavioural (e.g. whether to focus on foraging or predator avoidance) or physiological (e.g. whether to allocate energy to reproduction or growth). Similarly, wildlife and fishery managers must make tradeoffs while striving for conservation or economic goals (e.g. costs vs. rewards). Stochastic dynamic programming (SDP) provides a powerful and flexible framework within which to explore these tradeoffs. A rich body of mathematical results on SDP exist but have received little attention in ecology and evolution.Using directed graphs – an intuitive visual model representation – we reformulated SDP models into matrix form. We synthesized relevant existing theoretical results which we then applied to two canonical SDP models in ecology and evolution. We applied these matrix methods to a simple illustrative patch choice example and an existing SDP model of parasitoid wasp behaviour.The proposed analytical matrix methods provide the same results as standard numerical methods as well as additional insights into the nature and quantity of other, nearly optimal, strategies, which we may also expect to observe in nature. The mathematical results highlighted in this work also explain qualitative aspects of model convergence. An added benefit of the proposed matrix notation is the resulting ease of implementation of Markov chain analysis (an exact solution for the realized states of an individual) rather than Monte Carlo simulations (the standard, approximate method). It also provides an independent validation method for other numerical methods, even in applications focused on short‐term, non‐stationary dynamics.These methods are useful for obtaining, interpreting, and further analysing model convergence to the optimal time‐independent (i.e. stationary) decisions predicted by an SDP model. SDP is a powerful tool both for theoretical and applied ecology, and an understanding of the mathematical structure underlying SDP models can increase our ability to apply and interpret these models.
Do junior academic bioethicists have an obligation to be activists?
Authors: Moorlock Greg 
Published: August 2019

AbstractActivism and bioethics have enjoyed a somewhat strained relationship. In this paper, I consider activism specifically from the perspective of junior academics. I will argue that although there may be a prima facie duty for bioethicists to be activists, countervailing considerations for junior academics may mean that they, in particular, should refrain from undertaking activist activities. I will argue this on the basis of two key claims. First, I argue that activism may come at a potential cost to the academics who undertake it, and that these costs are potentially of greatest detriment to junior academics undertaking activism. Second, I argue that junior academics are likely to be less effective activists than established academics. Moreover, undertaking activism as a junior academic may prevent one from becoming an effective activist later. Finally, I will discuss the implications of this argument for activist commitments later in one’s career.
Risk‐adapted stereotactic body radiation therapy for central and ultra‐central early‐stage inoperable non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Meng Mao‐Bin , Wang Huan‐Huan , Zaorsky Nicholas G. , Sun Bing‐Shen , Zhu Lei , Song Yong‐Chun , Li Feng‐Tong , Dong Yang , Wang Jing‐Sheng , Chen Hua‐Ming , Yu Xu‐Yao , Yuan Zhi‐Yong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTo determine the therapeutic efficacy and safety of risk‐adapted stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) schedules for patients with early‐stage central and ultra‐central inoperable non‐small cell lung cancer. From 2006 to 2015, 80 inoperable T1‐2N0M0 NSCLC patients were treated with two median dose levels: 60 Gy in six fractions (range, 48‐60 Gy in 4‐8 fractions) prescribed to the 74% isodose line (range, 58%‐79%) for central lesions (ie within 2 cm of, but not abutting, the proximal bronchial tree; n = 43), and 56 Gy in seven fractions (range, 48‐60 Gy in 5‐10 fractions) prescribed to the 74% isodose line (range, 60%‐80%) for ultra‐central lesions (ie abutting the proximal bronchial tree; n = 37) on consecutive days. Primary endpoint was overall survival (OS); secondary endpoints included progression‐free survival (PFS), tumor local control rate (LC), and toxicity. Median OS and PFS were 64.47 and 32.10 months (respectively) for ultra‐central patients, and not reached for central patients. Median time to local failure, regional failure, and any distant failures for central versus ultra‐central lesions were: 27.37 versus 26.07 months, 20.90 versus 12.53 months, and 20.85 versus 15.53 months, respectively, all P < .05. Multivariate analyses showed that tumor categorization (ultra‐central) and planning target volume ≥52.76 mL were poor prognostic factors of OS, PFS, and LC, respectively (all P < .05). There was one grade 5 toxicity; all other toxicities were grade 1‐2. Our results showed that ultra‐central tumors have a poor OS, PFS, and LC compared with central patients because of the use of risk‐adapted SBRT schedules that allow for equal and favorable toxicity profiles.
In vitro comparison of resonance frequency analysis devices to evaluate implant stability of narrow diameter implants at varying drilling speeds in dense artificial bone blocks
Authors: Romanos Georgios E. , Bastardi Daniel J. , Kakar Apoorv , Moore Rachel , Delgado‐Ruiz Rafael A. , Javed Fawad 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundThere are no studies that have assessed the implant stability quotient (ISQ) values of narrow diameter implants placed in artificial dense bone blocks at varying drilling speeds (DSs).PurposeThe aim of the present in vitro experiment was to compare the performance of OSSTELL and Penguin devices to evaluate implant stability at DSs of 800 and 2000 rpm.Materials and MethodsA total of 360 osteotomies were created in dense artificial bone blocks at DSs of 800 and 2000 rpm. Dental implants from three manufacturers (group‐1: NobelActive implants, Nobel Biocare, Yorba Linda, California; group‐2: Zimmer, Eztetic‐Zimmer implants, Zimmer Biomet Dental, Palm Beach Gardens, Florida; and group‐3: Astra Tech implant system, Dentsply Sirona, York, Pennsylvania) were randomly placed in these osteotomies using an insertion torque of 15 Ncm (60 implants/group). Implant stability in all bone blocks immediately following implant placement was evaluated using the OSSTELL and Penguin devices. ISQ values were presented as means ± SD. Statistical significance was set at P < .05.ResultsThere was no significant difference in the ISQ values obtained from the OSSTELL and Penguin devices for implants in groups 1, 2, and 3. There was no significant difference when ISQ values obtained from the OSSTELL device were compared with the Penguin device for narrow diameter dental implants placed in dense bone blocks with osteotomies performed at 800 and 2000 rpm. ISQ values showed statistically significant higher values for OSSTELL compared to Penguin device.ConclusionThe OSSTELL and Penguin devices are reliable for the assessment of implant stability in dense artificial bone. Implant design and site‐DS does not seem to have a significant impact of implant stability in artificial dense bone blocks.
Prospective randomized comparison of tongue base resection techniques: Robotic vs coblation
Authors: Babademez Mehmet Ali , Gul Fatih , Sancak Mecit , Kale Hayati 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness and morbidities of two different tongue base surgical approaches in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA).Design and SettingWe carried out a prospective analysis in order to understand in detail the relative impact on apnoeas of the two different tongue base procedures. Seventy cases in 85 patients with OSA were divided into two operating groups and randomized. Altogether, 37 transoral robotic surgeries (TORS) and 33 coblations were performed. The patency of retrolingual passage was investigated by Muller's manoeuvere, polysomnography. Apnoea‐hypopnea index (AHI) was the primary outcome measure with the Epworth Sleepiness Score (ESS). The final follow‐up visit was at 6 months.ResultsThe AHI index improved from 29.7 ± 9 to 10.7 ± 3.9 (P < .005) following TORS and from 27.2 ± 6.4 to 10.3 ± 4 in the coblation group. Selecting a threshold of a 50% reduction in AHI and AHI less than 20 events/h, the overall success rate was 75.6% in TORS compared with 78.7% in coblation (P = .785). Similar results were seen in AHI reduction rates (36%, 37.8%, respectively). ESS showed a significant improvement 6 months following surgery in both groups.ConclusionTransoral robotic surgery technique showed higher complication rates than coblation. TORS and coblation of the tongue base represent a promising treatment option with a similar AHI improvement. However, coblation promises lower complication rates unlike TORS.
Supportive breeders of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar have reduced fitness in nature
Authors: Jonsson Bror , Jonsson Nina , Jonsson Marius 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWild Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) are in decline over the entire distribution area, and populations are enhanced by supportive breeding. Parental fish are sampled in rivers, crossed and the offspring reared in hatcheries until smolting when released, ready for ocean migration. Naturally reproducing salmon entering the River Imsa from the ocean were monitored from 1976 through 2013, and since 1982, supportive breeders spawning in the river were also monitored. The supportive breeders were first‐generation salmon, reared for 1—2 years in a hatchery before being released at the mouth of the river so they could migrate to sea (i.e., sea‐ranching). Wild and sea‐ranched salmon live in the ocean for 1—2 years before they return to the river for spawning. In years when only wild adults were present, mean number of smolts produced per 100 m2 river area and female breeder was 0.47. When there were 5% wild females, the mean production was only 0.088 (19%). The gradual decrease in offspring production with decreasing proportion of wild females (r2 = .41) indicates that the reduced offspring production was caused by inferior spawning behavior of hatchery females or reduced survival of their offspring in nature. Previous experimental evidence suggests that wild males fertilize the eggs of wild but also hatchery females. It is discussed how epigenetic effects caused by hatchery environments influence the developing juveniles, lead to phenotypic changes that may reduce their fitness in nature even after free ranging for a year or more in the ocean before they return and spawn.
Familiarity breeds growth: The impact of factional ties on local cadres’ economic performance in China
Authors: Wong Stan Hok‐Wui , Zeng Yu 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSome attribute China's rapid economic growth to a cadre promotion system that rewards economic performance. Others argue that political promotion in China hinges on factionalism. Extant empirical studies often assume that performance can be measured independently from the effect of factionalism. We test the validity of this assumption by examining whether local cadres’ economic performance would change as a result of losing vertical ties to a higher authority. We find an immediate increase in the growth rates of local GDP and government revenue. However, the performance change is mediated by the type of succeeding leaders, as it occurs only under locally promoted leaders who have existing ties with the local cadres. We further examine various channels through which a leader's insider status may affect local economic performance and find that newly appointed outsider leaders would cut fiscal transfers to the local level, which may explain the drop in their short‐term performance.