bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advances and Future Prospects of Enzyme‐Based Biofilm Prevention Approaches in the Food Industry
Authors: Nahar Shamsun , Mizan Md. Furkanur Rahaman , Ha Angela Jie‐won , Ha Sang‐Do 
Published: September 2018

AbstractFood poisoning and foodborne diseases are a growing public health concern worldwide. Approximately 30 known and many unknown pathogens are the main culprits for these conditions. Biofilms are a heterogeneous living‐form of pathogens and are considered a safe haven for their pathogenicity. In the field of food processing, the persistence of biofilms results in an increased likelihood of food contamination, which ultimately compromises overall food quality and safety. Because of the robust heterogeneity and resistant phenotypic nature of biofilms, the impairment of biofilms is very challenging when using conventional cleaning agents/antibiotics. Therefore, the development of alternative approaches is of great interest to the food industry. Recently, many researchers have found that use of enzymes can provide an exciting and effective therapeutic approach for solving biofilm‐associated problems in the food industry, because enzymes are involved in almost every stage of biofilm detachment and degradation. Here, we describe biofilm‐associated problems in the food industry and recent advances in enzyme‐based biofilm impairment strategies. We also highlight major limitations, challenges, and possible prospects of enzyme‐based biofilm‐targeting technologies.
Associations Between Alcohol Involvement and Drive for Thinness and Body Dissatisfaction in Adolescent Twins: A Bivariate Twin Study
Authors: Baker Jessica H. , Brosof Leigh C. , Munn‐Chernoff Melissa A. , Lichtenstein Paul , Larsson Henrik , Maes Hermine H. , Kendler Kenneth S. 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundAlcohol involvement has familial associations with bulimic symptoms (i.e., binge eating, inappropriate compensatory behaviors), with several studies indicating a genetic overlap between the two. It is unclear whether overlapping familial risk with alcohol involvement extends to other eating disorder symptoms. Understanding the genetic overlap between alcohol involvement and other eating disorder symptoms may aid in more targeted interventions for comorbid alcohol use‐eating disorder symptoms. Thus, we investigated associations between alcohol involvement and 2 core eating disorder symptoms: drive for thinness and body dissatisfaction in adolescent female and male twins.MethodsWe assessed 3 levels of alcohol involvement: alcohol use in the last month, having ever been intoxicated, and alcohol intoxication frequency via self‐report. The Eating Disorder Inventory‐II assessed drive for thinness and body dissatisfaction. Sex‐specific biometrical twin modeling examined the genetic overlap between alcohol involvement and eating disorder symptoms.ResultsPhenotypic associations between alcohol involvement, drive for thinness, and body dissatisfaction were significantly greater in girls compared with boys. A majority of the associations between alcohol involvement, drive for thinness, and body dissatisfaction in girls, but not boys, met our threshold for twin modeling (phenotypic r > 0.20). Moderate genetic correlations were observed between the 3 aspects of alcohol involvement and drive for thinness. Moderate genetic correlations were observed between alcohol use and intoxication frequency and body dissatisfaction.ConclusionsTogether with the literature on alcohol involvement and bulimic symptoms, these findings suggest a generalized association between alcohol involvement and eating disorder symptoms in girls, whereas this association may be symptom specific in boys. Genetic correlations indicate that the amount and direction of this genetic overlap differs across specific symptoms. When intervening on comorbid alcohol involvement and eating disorder symptoms, it may be important to target‐specific eating disorder symptoms.
Is concomitant splenectomy necessary in radical gastric cancer surgery? A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Qiuhong , Dang Tong , Meng Xianmei , Li Kai , Ren Wei , Ma Xiujuan , Huang Ying , Wu Xiaobo , Han Weijie , Zhang Dongsheng , Li Xiaolong , Wang Da , Zheng Liansheng 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPurposeThis study is a systematic review and meta‐analysis compare the short‐ and long‐term outcomes of splenectomy (SP) versus splenic preservation (NSP) in radical gastric cancer surgery.MethodsA comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Knowledge was performed. Evaluation of short‐ and long‐term outcomes was collected and analyzed by a fixed or random effects model, according to the heterogeneity using RevMan 5.2 software.ResultsA total of 5431 gastric cancer patients who underwent radical surgery (1706 with SP and 3725 with NSP) were reviewed in 11 studies included in this study. Compared with NSP, SP was significantly associated with higher rate of overall postoperative complication and increased incidence of pulmonary complications, abdominal abscess and pancreas complications. No statistical difference was observed regarding mortality, wound infection, anastomotic leakage and postoperative 5‐year overall survival.ConclusionThere was no difference in long‐term oncological outcome but remarkably poorer short‐term outcomes in SP group than NSP group. Therefore, SP seems unnecessary in radical gastric cancer surgery. However, well‐designed, multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled trials are warranted for further validation.
Training the Porous Body: Evangelicals and the Ex‐Gay Movement
Authors: Bjork‐James Sophie 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTIn this article, I examine how US evangelical opposition to LGBT rights stems from a unique understanding of sexuality and the person. As my respondents explained to me in over sixteen months of field research, evangelical rejection of LGBT individuals and practices is rooted not simply in prejudice but also in a culturally specific notion of personhood that requires Christian bodies to orient themselves to the divine. In evangelical Christianity, the body, along with its capacity to feel and communicate, is understood as a porous vessel receptive to communication with God. In contrast to a dominant idea that sexual orientations shape individual identities, sexuality within this religious world instead facilitates the movement of moral forces across individual bodies and geographic scales. Sexual desires and sexual acts are broadly understood in evangelical cosmology as communicative mediums for supernatural forces. This understanding of sexuality as a central component of moral agency shapes widespread practices of ostracism of people who identify as LGBT within evangelicalism and often leads to anti‐LGBT political positions. Claiming an LGBT identity is seen as making one a distinct kind of person incommensurate with evangelical porosity. [evangelical, sexuality, embodiment, United States]
Birth weight, Apgar scores and gentamicin were associated with acute kidney injuries in VLBW neonates requiring treatment for patent ductus arteriosus
Authors: Aygün Aylin , Poryo Martin , Wagenpfeil Gudrun , Wissing Antonia , Ebrahimi‐Fakhari Daniel , Zemlin Michael , Gortner Ludwig , Meyer Sascha 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAimWe assessed the risk factors for transient acute kidney injury in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants treated for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) using the serum creatinine‐based criteria in Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes.MethodThis retrospective study of infants requiring ibuprofen and, or, surgery for haemodynamic relevant PDAs was performed at the University Children's Hospital of Saarland, Homburg, Germany, from January 2009 to December 2015.ResultsWe studied 422 infants with a mean birth weight of 1059 ± 308.2 g. Acute kidney injuries developed in 150/295 infants (50.9%) with spontaneous PDA closure, in 46/82 (56.1%) who received intravenous ibuprofen treatment, in 18/24 (75.0%) who had surgery and in 15/21 infants (71.4%) who received both medical and surgical treatment. Acute kidney injuries were associated with birth weight and gestational age, Apgar scores at 10 minutes, the PDA size corrected for birth weight, a PDA with three affected circulatory territories, PDA surgery and gentamicin. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed particular associations between acute kidney injury and birth weight (p = 0.001), the 10‐minute Apgar score (p = 0.02) and gentamicin (p = 0.043).ConclusionBirth weight, the 10‐minute Apgar score and gentamicin were particularly associated with acute kidney injuries in our cohort.
Protective effect of isochlorogenic acid B on liver fibrosis in non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis of mice
Authors: Liu Xin , Huang Kai , Niu Ziran , Mei Dan , Zhang Bo 
Published: September 2018

AbstractLiver fibrosis is a common symptom of non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and a worldwide clinical issue. The miR‐122/HIF‐1α signalling pathway is believed to play an important role in the genesis of progressive fibrosis. Isochlorogenic acid B (ICAB), naturally isolated from Laggera alata, is verified to have antioxidative and hepatoprotective properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ICAB on liver fibrosis in NASH and its potential protective mechanisms. NASH was induced in a mouse model with a methionine‐ and choline‐deficient (MCD) diet for 4 weeks, and ICAB was orally administered every day at three doses (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg). Pathological results indicated that ICAB significantly improved the pathological lesions of liver fibrosis. The levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and hepatic hydroxyproline (Hyp), cholesterol (CHO) and triglyceride (TG) were also significantly decreased by ICAB. In addition, ICAB inhibited hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation and the expressions of hepatic genes involved in liver fibrosis including LOX, TGF‐β1, MCP‐1, COL1α1 and TIMP‐1. ICAB also attenuated liver oxidative stress through Nrf2 signalling pathway. What is more, the decreased levels of miR‐122 and over‐expression of hepatic HIF‐1α could be reversed by ICAB treatment. These results simultaneously confirmed that ICAB had a significant protective effect on fibrosis in NASH by inhibiting oxidative stress via Nrf2 and suppressing multiple profibrogenic factors through miR‐122/HIF‐1α signalling pathway.
Cross‐Cultural Differences in the Influence of Peers on Exploration During Play
Authors: Wade Shirlene , Kidd Celeste 
Published: September 2018

AbstractCertain social context features (e.g., maternal presence) are known to increase young children's exploration, a key process by which they learn. Yet limited research investigates the role of social context, especially peer presence, in exploration across development. We investigate whether the effect of peer presence on exploration is mediated by age or cultural‐specific experiences. We test its impact on exploration across development (2–11 years) and across cultures (United States and the Tsimane', indigenous farmer‐foragers in Bolivia). Specifically, peer presence does not boost exploration among young U.S. children and becomes more inhibitory among school‐age children. In contrast, peer presence facilitates exploration and provides an additional boost for older Tsimane' children, who differ from U.S. children in their cultural‐specific learning experiences (e.g., formal education), among other differences. We discuss potential cultural factors and mechanisms by which peer presence may boost exploratory behavior.
Informationssuche und Nutzung von Informationsquellen durch Melanompatienten deutscher Hautkrebszentren
Authors: Brütting Julia , Bergmann Maike , Garzarolli Marlene , Rauschenberg Ricarda , Weber Christiane , Berking Carola , Tilgen Wolfgang , Schadendorf Dirk , Meier Friedegund ,   im Namen der NVKH‐Unterstützergruppe
Published: September 2018

ZusammenfassungHintergrundMit dieser Studie sollte das Informationsverhalten (IV) von Melanompatienten (MP) und deren Subgruppen untersucht werden, um Daten für eine bedarfsgerechte Anpassung der Informationsversorgung zu erhalten.MethodenIn einer Querschnittserhebung an 27 deutschen Hautkrebszentren untersuchten wir mithilfe eines standardisierten Fragebogens das IV von MP. Unterschiede zwischen Subgruppen wurden mithilfe des Chi‐Quadrat‐Tests, Prädiktoren für die Präferenzen verschiedener Medien mithilfe logistischer Regression ermittelt.Ergebnisse67 % der 529 Teilnehmer waren von einem Melanom im klinischen Stadium III oder IV betroffen. Die meisten der Teilnehmer (81 %) gaben Gespräche mit dem Arzt als regelmäßig oder häufig genutzte Informationsquelle (IQ) an. 58 % wünschten sich von ihrem Arzt mehr Beratung zu IQ. Nur 8 % der MP nutzten die Angebote von Selbsthilfegruppen (SHG) und 12 % die Angebote von Krebsberatungsstellen (KBS). Das Internet (63 %) und Broschüren (58 %) wurden als bevorzugte Medien angegeben. Alter, Bildungsstatus das generelle Informationsbedürfnis und mangelnde Kenntnis des eigenen Erkrankungsstandes erwiesen sich als Prädiktoren für die Präferenzen verschiedener Medien.SchlussfolgerungenDie meisten MP erwarteten von ihrem Arzt, über IQ beraten zu werden, die sie zusätzlich und außerhalb der Klinik nutzen können. SHG und KBS wurden von MP vergleichsweise selten konsultiert. Die unterschiedlichen Präferenzen verschiedener Medien sollten bei der Entwicklung und Bereitstellung von IQ für MP berücksichtigt werden.
Autoimmunität gegen heterogenes nukleäres Ribonukleoprotein A1 bei Psoriasispatienten und Korrelation mit dem Schweregrad der Erkrankung
Authors: Guarneri Claudio , Aguennouz Mohammed , Guarneri Fabrizio , Polito Francesca , Benvenga Salvatore , Cannavò Serafinella Patrizia 
Published: September 2018

ZusammenfassungHintergrund und ZieleDas heterogene nukleäre Ribonukleoprotein A1 (hnRNP‐A1) wurde als Autoantigen bei Psoriasis vorgeschlagen; eine mögliche Korrelation zwischen dem Serumspiegel von Anti‐hnRNP‐A1‐Antikörpern und dem Schweregrad der Erkrankung wurde bislang nicht untersucht. Unser Ziel war es, die Häufigkeit der Anti‐hnRNP‐A1‐Autoimmunität bei Patienten mit mäßig schwerer bis schwerer Psoriasis und gesunden Kontrollpersonen zu bestimmen und festzustellen, ob eine Korrelation zwischen dem Anti‐hnRNP‐A1‐Autoantikörper‐Serumspiegel und dem Schweregrad der Erkrankung besteht.Patienten und MethodenWir führten eine Fallkontrollstudie an 40 erwachsenen Psoriasispatienten mit einem Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) von > 10 und 40 gesunden Kontrollpersonen mit ähnlicher Alters‐ und Geschlechtsverteilung durch. Die Bestimmung des Serumspiegels von hnRNP‐A1‐Autoantikörpern erfolgte mit Immunoblots.ErgebnisseAnti‐hnRNP‐A1‐Autoantikörper wurden bei 9 von 40 Psoriasispatienten (22,5 %) nachgewiesen, jedoch bei keiner der gesunden Kontrollpersonen gefunden. Der PASI‐Wert war bei Anti‐hnRNP‐A1‐positiven Patienten signifikant höher als bei Anti‐hnRNP‐A1‐negativen Patienten (40,33 ± 3,24 vs. 26,06 ± 9,28, p = 0,0001). Bei Anti‐hnRNP‐A1‐positiven Patienten korrelierte der Serumspiegel der Autoantikörper mit dem PASI‐Wert (R = 0,89, p = 0,001).SchlussfolgerungenÜbereinstimmend mit Berichten aus der Literatur legen unsere Ergebnisse nahe, dass Anti‐hnRNP‐A1‐Autoimmunität bei Psoriasis eine Rolle spielt, wenn auch möglicherweise nicht als primäre Ursache oder als initiales oder grundlegendes Ereignis. Anders als bei früheren Publikationen weisen unsere Daten auch darauf hin, dass Autoimmunität gegen Anti‐hnRNP‐A1 unter Patienten mit schwererer Erkrankung besonders häufig ist. Weitere Studien mit einer größeren Anzahl von Patienten sind erforderlich.
Phototherapie
Authors: Singer Sebastian , Berneburg Mark 
Published: September 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Phototherapie nutzt die photobiologische Wirkung von ultravioletter (UV‐)Strahlung auf unseren Organismus. Die verschiedenen Wellenlängen der Strahlung rufen dabei ganz unterschiedliche Effekte hervor. Der gezielte Einsatz von UV‐A und UV‐B, gegebenenfalls auch in Kombination mit dem Photosensibilisator Psoralen im Rahmen einer PUVA‐Therapie, ermöglicht dem Dermatologen die effektive Behandlung der verschiedensten Hautkrankheiten. Das Indikationsspektrum der Phototherapie reicht von oberflächlichen Ekzemerkrankungen, Psoriasis, malignen Erkrankungen wie dem kutanen T‐Zell‐Lymphom, bis hin zu tief in der Dermis lokalisierten sklerosierenden Erkrankungen wie der Sklerodermie. Das Verständnis der zugrunde liegenden photobiologischen Wirkmechanismen der verschiedenen Bereiche der UV‐Strahlung und die sich daraus ableitenden Indikationen für eine Phototherapie soll der folgende Artikel ermöglichen.
Neuroimmune mechanisms of psychostimulant and opioid use disorders
Authors: Hofford Rebecca S. , Russo Scott J. , Kiraly Drew D. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSubstance use disorders are global health problems with few effective treatment options. Unfortunately, most potential pharmacological treatments are hindered by abuse potential of their own, limited efficacy, or adverse side effects. As a consequence, there is a pressing need for the development of addiction treatments with limited abuse potential and fewer off target effects. Given the difficulties in developing new pharmacotherapies for substance use disorders, there has been growing interest in medications that act on non‐traditional targets. Recent evidence suggests a role for dysregulated immune signaling in the pathophysiology of multiple psychiatric diseases. While there is evidence that immune responses in the periphery and the central nervous system are altered by exposure to drugs of abuse, the contributions of neuroimmune interactions to addictive behaviors are just beginning to be appreciated. In this review, we discuss the data on immunological changes seen in clinical populations with substance use disorders, as well as in translational animal models of addiction. Importantly, we highlight those mechanistic findings showing causal roles for central or peripheral immune mediators in substance use disorder and appropriate animal models. Based on the literature reviewed here, it is clear that brain‐immune system interactions in substance use disorders are much more complex and important than previously understood. While much work remains to be done, there are tremendous potential therapeutic implications for immunomodulatory treatments in substance use disorders.
FEAT enhances INSL3 expression in testicular Leydig cells
Authors: Li Yan , Kobayashi Kyosuke , Murayama Kosho , Kawahara Kohichi , Shima Yuichi , Suzuki Akira , Tani Kenzaburo , Takahashi Atsushi 
Published: September 2018

AbstractFEAT, the protein encoded by methyltransferase‐like 13 (METTL13), is aberrantly upregulated in most human cancers and potently drives tumorigenesis in vivo; however, its role in normal tissues remains elusive. Immunoblotting has displayed weak FEAT expression in normal human tissues, including the testis. Here, we found that FEAT is expressed in fetal and adult Leydig cells in the testis. FEAT knockdown using siRNA increased primary cilia formation in MA‐10 Leydig tumor cells, accompanied by enhanced 5′ adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation. Immunofluorescence analyses of FEAT‐silenced MA‐10 cells showed diminished insulin‐like factor 3 (INSL3) expression. A male Mettl13+/− mouse developed bilateral intraabdominal cryptorchidism, suggesting defective INSL3 production by fetal Leydig cells. Leydig cells from the mouse showed markedly decreased INSL3 protein by immunohistochemistry. Together, these results suggest that FEAT facilitates the INSL3 production in testicular Leydig cells that is essential for transabdominal testis migration.
Empowerment and pathologization: A case study in Norwegian mental health and substance abuse services
Authors: Larsen Tone , Sagvaag Hildegunn 
Published: September 2018

AbstractContextService user involvement in service development and research is an international goal. However, research illuminating the patient stakeholder role is limited.ObjectiveThe aim was to explore what may hinder patients’ voices being heard when collaborating with staff and leaders to improve services.DesignThis action research project targeted Norwegian public mental health and substance abuse services, utilizing co‐operative inquiry principles. Data were collected and member‐checked collaboratively by the researcher and coresearchers.ResultsResults centre on patient involvement in services, service development and research. The patient voice was regarded as important but not necessarily decisive, as patients’ change needs could be perceived as pathology‐based. Patients provided feedback about fellow patients and medication—opioid maintenance treatment, in particular. Barriers to patient involvement included patients not being permitted to influence other patients’ individual treatment and a leader's difficulty accepting patients’ medication advice. Additionally, an apparent hierarchy among the professionals may have disempowered some staff members.DiscussionResults point to an organizational diagnostic culture, where stigmatizing and risk pathologization may limit patient input. Empowerment appeared to be perceived as something allowed by the staff and leaders, at their discretion. Although all parties may have agreed that patient involvement was valuable, acting as a united group about opioid maintenance treatment appeared difficult.ConclusionBarriers to patient involvement may hinder the availability and efficacy of patients’ perspectives in service development. Awareness about reciprocal empowerment might contribute to service users’ voices being heard, enabling a united voice from service users and providers regarding service development.
2. BOOTSTRAPPING, SELF‐BINDING, AND OTHER METAPHORS OF ANTIFOUNDATIONALISM
Authors: BRECKMAN WARREN 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTIn Images of History, Richard Eldridge deploys the metaphor of “bootstrapping” to describe the possibility of a mutually constitutive interaction of historical understanding and reflection on political ideals outside of and beyond the notion of a completed theory or teleological development. Although “bootstrapping” does considerable work in the book, it remains relatively unthematized in itself. This article explores the concept of bootstrapping in both Eldridge's book and in a number of disciplines. In doing so, it aims to make three critical observations. First, while Eldridge rightly seeks to energize our sense of historical openness, the argument is usefully enriched by the adjacent field of political theory, where “boot‐strapping” is often paired with “self‐binding” to describe how self‐creating processes might be arrested and stabilized. Second, Eldridge's use focuses on individual dispositions, but the concept of “bootstrapping” points to the need to pursue understanding of collective processes of self‐institution. Third, when extended to the natural world, “bootstrapping” calls for scrutiny of the relationship between human self‐creation and nature as a site of emergence and self‐organizing phenomena.