bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Closed Tibia Shaft Fractures in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Stenroos Antti , Puhakka Jani , Nietosvaara Yrjänä , Kosola Jussi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTibia fractures are among the most common long-bone fractures in children. Despite this, there is no current consensus on the optimal treatment strategy for closed displaced tibia shaft fractures in the pediatric patient population. The aim of this study is to compare the reported complications and outcomes of reduction and cast immobilization versus flexible intramedullary nailing in the treatment of pediatric tibia shaft fractures. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement when conducting and reporting this prospectively registered systematic review. Eleven studies were included. Quality of the studies was assessed using the Coleman methodology score. Mantel–Haenszel cumulative odds ratios were used to compare the risk of complication between different methods of treatment. Eleven studies including 1,083 patients with diaphyseal fractures of the tibia met the inclusion criteria. The most common fracture type was simple 42-A (782; 91%). Majority (75%) of the patients were treated nonoperatively. The total complication rate was higher among operatively treated patients (24 vs. 9%; p < 0.05). Satisfactory fracture alignment had to be restored surgically in 5% of the primarily nonoperatively treated patients. The evidence levels of the included studies were II (1), III (2), and IV (7). Three-fourths of closed diaphyseal fractures of the tibia in children are still treated with reduction and cast immobilization. Flexible intramedullary nailing is associated with significantly higher complication rate than nonoperative treatment.
Antenatal Periviability Counseling and Decision Making: A Retrospective Examination by the Investigating Neonatal Decisions for Extremely Early Deliveries Study Group
Authors: Feltman Dalia M. , Fritz Katie A. , Datta Avisek , Carlos Christine , Hayslett Drew , Tonismae Tiffany , Lawrence Christin , Batton Emily , Coleman Tasha , Jain Meenu , Andrews Bree , Famuyide Mobolaji , Tucker Edmonds Brownsyne , Laventhal Naomi , Leuthner Steven 
Published: August 2019

Objective To describe periviability counseling practices and decision making.
Study Design This is a retrospective review of mothers and newborns delivering between 22 and 24 completed weeks from 2011 to 2015 at six U.S. centers. Maternal and fetal/neonatal clinical and maternal sociodemographic data from medical records and geocoded sociodemographic information were collected. Separate analyses examined characteristics surrounding receiving neonatology consultation; planning neonatal resuscitation; and centers' planned resuscitation rates.
Results Neonatology consultations were documented for 40, 63, and 72% of 498 mothers delivering at 22, 23, and 24 weeks, respectively. Consult versus no-consult mothers had longer median admission-to-delivery intervals (58.7 vs. 8.7 h, p < 0.001). Consultations were seen more frequently when parental decision making was evident. In total, 76% of mothers had neonatal resuscitation planned. Resuscitation versus no-resuscitation newborns had higher mean gestational ages (24.0 vs. 22.9 weeks, p < 0.001) and birthweights (618 vs. 469 g, p < 0.001). Planned resuscitation rates differed at higher (HR) versus lower (LR) rate centers at 22 (43 vs. 7%, p < 0.001) and 23 (85 vs. 58%, p < 0.001) weeks. HR versus LR centers' populations had more socioeconomic hardship markers but fewer social work consultations (odds ratio: 0.31; confidence interval: 0.15–0.59, p < 0.001).
Conclusion Areas requiring improvement included delivery/content of neonatology consultations, social work support, consideration of centers' patient populations, and opportunities for shared decisions.
Presentation of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma with Fulminant Hepatic Failure: A Case Report
Authors: Pratap Thara , Jalal Muhammed Jasim Abdul , Mahadevan Pushpa , Koshy Abraham , Mukkada Roy J. , Mathew Pradeep G. , Sebastian Rithu 
Published: August 2019

AbstractFulminant hepatic failure as initial presentation due to diffuse parenchymal infiltration by cholangiocarcinoma is a rare entity. We present the case of a 49-year-old female patient who had a fatal outcome with acute liver failure due to diffuse intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. No definite mass lesion was identified on cross-sectional imaging. The final diagnosis was made on transjugular liver biopsy. This discussion highlights the possibility of infiltrative cholangiocarcinoma as a rare cause of fulminant hepatic failure.
Unusual Etiologies for Vascular Duodenal Compression Mimicking the Superior Mesenteric Artery (SMA) Syndrome: The SMA-Like Syndrome
Authors: Dross Peter E. , Molavi Shawdon , Chan Alex , Latshaw Rachael , Chhabra Pankaj 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe report a series of nine cases of unusual etiologies for vascular duodenal compression that do not meet the diagnostic criteria for superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome and propose that “SMA-like syndrome” be used to classify these vascular duodenal compression cases.
Ossifying Fibroma of Dorsal Spine in a Postpartum Female: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Reddy Musali Siddartha , Rao Gollapudi Prakash , Imran Mohammed , Nookathota Uday Goutam 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA rare case of monostotic ossifying fibroma of the dorsal spine in a postpartum woman is being described. Ossifying fibromas of the spine are very rare tumors. They are components of benign fibro-osseous lesions. We report a case of an 18-year-old woman, who presented with complaints of weakness of both the lower limbs in the immediate postpartum period and was diagnosed with ossifying fibroma of the dorsal [D3] vertebral body. The tumor was excised followed by spinal stabilization. Histopathologic findings were consistent with ossifying fibroma. Postoperative period was uneventful. Monostotic variant of ossifying fibroma in the dorsal spine is an extremely rare tumor, and its presence in the postpartum period adds on to the diagnostic dilemma. Hence this case report can be kept in mind while evaluating a case presenting with complaints of weakness of both the lower limbs in the immediate postpartum period.
Determining the anisotropy and exchange parameters of polycrystalline spin-1 magnets
Authors: Blackmore W J A , Brambleby J , Lancaster T , Clark S J , Johnson R D , Singleton J , Ozarowski A , Schlueter J A , Chen Y-S , Arif A M , Lapidus S , Xiao F , Williams R C , Blundell S J , Pearce M J , Lees M R , Manuel P , Villa D Y , Villa J A , Manson J L , Goddard P A 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Although low-dimensional S = 1 antiferromagnets remain of great interest, difficulty in obtaining high-quality single crystals of the newest materials hinders experimental research in this area. Polycrystalline samples are more readily produced, but there are inherent problems in extracting the magnetic properties of anisotropic systems from powder data. Following a discussion of the effect of powder-averaging on various measurement techniques, we present a methodology to overcome this issue using thermodynamic measurements. In particular we focus on whether it is possible to characterise the magnetic properties of polycrystalline, anisotropic samples using readily available laboratory equipment. We test the efficacy of our method using the magnets [Ni(H2O)2(3,5-lutidine)4](BF4)2 and Ni(H2O)2(acetate)2(4-picoline)2, which have negligible exchange interactions, as well as the antiferromagnet [Ni(H2O)2(pyrazine)2](BF4)2, and show that we are able to extract the anisotropy parameters in each case. The results obtained from the thermodynamic measurements are checked against electron-spin resonance and neutron diffraction. We also present a density functional method, which incorporates spin–orbit coupling to estimate the size of the anisotropy in [Ni(H2O)2(pyrazine)2](BF4)2.
Anisotropic Landau level splitting and Lifshitz transition induced magnetoresistance enhancement in ZrTe5 crystals
Authors: Zhou L , Ramiere A , Chen P B , Tang J Y , Wu Y H , Lei X , Guo G P , He J Q , He H T 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Magneto-transport study has been performed in ZrTe5 single crystals. The observed Shubnikov–de Hass quantum oscillation at low temperature clearly demonstrates the existence of a nontrivial band with small effective mass in ZrTe5. Furthermore, we also revealed the highly anisotropic nature of high-field Landau level splitting in ZrTe5, suggesting the dominant role of orbital contribution to the splitting. Besides these, an abnormal large enhancement of magnetoresistance appears at high temperatures, which is believed to arise from the Lifshitz transition induced two-carrier transport in ZrTe5. Our study provides more understanding of the physical properties of ZrTe5 and sheds light on potential application of ZrTe5 in spintronics.
Stoichiometric edges during the intrinsic growth of hexagonal boron nitride on Ir(111)
Authors: Poelsema Bene , Zandvliet Harold J W , van Houselt Arie 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The growth of hexagonal boron nitride, hBN, on Ir(111) at 1150–1200 K by thermal decomposition of borazine has been monitored in situ by means of low energy electron microscopy, LEEM. A major and unexpected hBN growth induced transformation of the step morphology on Ir(111) is observed. The dominant orientation of the steps evolves persistently from 〈1–10〉 during the initial experiment(s), towards 〈11–2〉 after numerous experiments. The latter orientation was established directly from an involved analysis of the profile of the specular beam in a selected area diffraction pattern. Images of the hBN islands grown on surface regions with dominant 〈1–10〉 steps reveal that the hBN edges are oriented along 〈1–10〉 and 〈11–2〉 directions in about equal abundance. Using the direct ascertainment of the step orientations we are able to identify unequivocally the nature of the edges of individual hBN islands on areas with predominant 〈11–2〉 steps as solely of the armchair type. This assessment consolidates both the major evolution of the step morphology from 〈1–10〉 into dominant 〈11–2〉 steps during hBN growth on Ir(111) and the earlier reported alignment of the moiré pattern with the substrate.
Near-surface elevated pollution: what we don’t know doesn’t hurt? A numerical study over Mt. Carmel
Authors: Haikin Nitsa , Alpert Pinhas 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Many air pollution events are occasionally difficult to explain. While most monitoring-based air pollution assessment studies deal with surface analysis, the near-surface elevated pollutants are challenging. The lack of data and understanding of those elevated layers, leaves us ‘blind’ and with no clue where, when and how intensively these pollutants may hit the surface. Here, this challenge at the specific domain of Mt. Carmel is addressed. The atmospheric numerical models RAMS and HYPACT were employed on Haifa Bay in the Eastern Mediterranean with nested horizontal grids down to 0.5 km, in order to resolve the fine-scale flow, along an air pollution episode which serves as a case study. Sixteen locations were determined, representing monitored and non-monitored sites in the complex terrain sub-domains. Results show multi-inversion profiles, which are consistent with an earlier observational study over the region. Concentration differences up to an order of magnitude between adjacent sites (∼2 km) were found, often associated with near-zero surface values, while some simulated peaks were at elevations of 100–400 m above ground level (AGL). The current event offers a view on the near-surface elevated layers, and points at limitations of ground-level monitoring as an indicator of air pollution. This study highlights the importance of near-surface pollution, which is often an unknown source for surface pollution. Overall, steep vertical gradient of pollution as shown here is associated with a combination of deep inversion (or multi-inversion profile), vertical circulation due to topography or synoptic flow, and small scale circulation induced by the complex topography. Since monitoring of the elevated layers is limited by the technology, it is suggested that high resolution advanced models should be used for further exploration of the near-surface pollution.
Recycling of a wastewater to iron oxide micro structures
Authors: Horvath G , Szalay Zs , Simo F , Salgo K , Krcma F , Matejova S 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The proposed work describes new perspectives for recycling of a salty industrial wastewater to micro-structured iron oxides with capturing potential for minor carbon- and metallic contaminations. By-products generated by electrochemical treatment of a rubber wastewater with sacrificial steel anode were separated, dried, desalinated, and thermally processed at 800 and 1100 °C in a nitrogen atmosphere to investigate the effects of chemically bound oxygen on iron oxide formation. The obtained powder products were different phases of iron oxides, such as hematite, maghemite, magnetite; depending on the annealing temperature. All of the phases are interesting from a recycling point of view, the microstructure, elementary composition and crystallinity of the solid products before and after thermal treatment were investigated via SEM-EDX and PXRD techniques.
Socrates: A Very Short Introduction
Authors: Taylor C. C. W. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Socrates has a unique position in the history of philosophy; had it not been for his influence on Plato, the whole development of Western philosophy might have been unimaginably different. Socrates wrote nothing himself so our knowledge of him is derived primarily from the engaging and infuriating figure who appears in Plato’s dialogues. Socrates: A Very Short Introduction explores Socrates’ life and his philosophical activity, before considering the responses his philosophical doctrines have evoked in the centuries since his death. It examines the relationship between the historical Socrates and the Platonic character, and explores the enduring image of Socrates as the ideal exemplar of the philosophic life.
Plato’s Socrates
Authors: Taylor C. C. W. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
‘Plato’s Socrates’ considers the portrayal of Socrates’ doctrines and methods of argument in twelve dialogues plus Apology. It shows that Socrates is predominantly characterized, not as a teacher, but as an enquirer. He disclaims wisdom and seeks, normally in vain, elucidation of problematic questions from his interlocutors, by the method of elenchus. All the dialogues are concerned with ethics in the broad sense of how one should live. Many focus on the attempt to define a virtue or other ethically significant concept. The discussion invariably ends in failure. Others take the form of a confrontation between Socrates and various sophists and/or their pupils and associates over the aims of education.
The iconic Socrates
Authors: Taylor C. C. W. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
‘The iconic Socrates’ considers Socrates’ role as a gay icon and an icon for civil disobedience. In the Platonism revival of the Florentine Renaissance, the high-minded picture of Platonic/Socratic love focused on the spiritual and intellectual perfection of the beloved, but in an alternative ancient tradition Socrates was presented as a sexual enthusiast, with a penchant for attractive boys. The context of Socrates’ emergence as a major political icon of the 20th century was provided by the US civil rights movement and the anti-Vietnam War movement, but there is no evidence that Socrates ever actually espoused civil disobedience as a political ideology or performed any act of civil disobedience. Socrates remains a pioneer of systematic ethical thought and a paragon of moral and intellectual integrity.
EasyModel: user-friendly tool for building and analysis of simple mathematical models in systems biology
Authors: Bartolome Jordi , Alves Rui , Solsona Francesc , Teixido Ivan 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Summary
EasyModel is a new user-friendly web application that contains ready-for-simulation versions of the BioModels Database, and allows for the intuitive creation of new models. Its main target audience is the experimental biologist and students of bioinformatics or systems biology without programming skills. Expert users can also benefit from it by implementing basic models quickly and downloading the code for further tailoring.

Availability and implementation
Freely available on the web at https://easymodel.udl.cat. Implementation is described in its own section.
Tissue-specific deconvolution of immune cell composition by integrating bulk and single-cell transcriptomes
Authors: Chen Ziyi , Ji Chengyang , Shen Qin , Liu Wei , Qin F Xiao-Feng , Wu Aiping 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Motivation
Many methods have been developed to estimate immune cell composition from tissue transcriptomes. One common characteristic of these methods is that they are trained using a set of general immune cell transcriptomes that ignores tissue specificities. However, as immune cells are localized in different tissues, they may have distinct expression profiles. Hence, calculations that use general signature matrices may hinder the deconvolution accuracy.

Results
This study used single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-Seq) data from different mouse tissues instead of general signature expression values to generate tissue-specific signature gene matrices that are used as the input of the deconvolution model. First, the transcriptome of immune cells in each tissue was extracted from scRNA-Seq data and used to construct the entire expression matrix of tissue immune cells. Then, after comparing different gene selection strategies, the expressions of 162 seq-ImmuCC derived signature genes in tissue immune cell scRNA-Seq data were regarded as the tissue specific signature matrices. Finally, a modest improvement in performance was observed in multiple tissues that refer to a traditional general signature matrix in the deconvolution model. With the fast accumulation of scRNA-Seq data, the introduction of these data into an estimation of immune cell compositions for different tissues will open a new window for avoiding tissue bias for immune cell expression.

Availability and implementation
The signature matrices were available at https://github.com/wuaipinglab/ImmuCC/tree/master/tissue_immucc/SignatureMatrix).

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Longitudinal Trajectory of Fatigue With Initiation of Biologic Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Borren Nienke Z , Tan William , Colizzo Francis P , Luther Jay , Garber John J , Khalili Hamed , van Der Woude C Janneke , Ananthakrishnan Ashwin N 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Backgrounds and Aims
Fatigue is prevalent in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases [IBD]. Biologic therapy is effective in achieving symptomatic and endoscopic remission, but its impact on fatigue is less well established. Our aim is to define the longitudinal trajectory of fatigue over 1 year in patients initiating biologic therapy.

Methods
This prospective cohort enrolled patients diagnosed with Crohn’s disease [CD] or ulcerative colitis [UC] initiating biologic therapy with infliximab, adalimumab, ustekinumab, or vedolizumab. Fatigue was quantified using the seven-point fatigue question in the Short Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire [SIBDQ]. A score of ≤4 for this question was used to define fatigue. Multivariable regression models adjusting for relevant confounders examined the independent association between attaining clinical remission and resolution of fatigue.

Results
Our study included 326 patients [206 CD, 120 UC] initiating biologic therapy [144 anti-tumour necrosis factor, 129 vedolizumab, 63 ustekinumab]. A total of 61% of the included patients reported significant fatigue at baseline. This was associated with female gender, depressive symptoms, active disease, and disturbed sleep [p &lt; 0.001]. Among the 198 patients who were fatigued at therapy initiation, 86 [70%], 55 [63%], and 44 [61%] remained fatigued at Week 14, 30, and 54, respectively. At each of these time points, achieving clinical remission was associated with lower likelihood of persistent fatigue. However, despite achieving remission, 35%, 30%, and 28% of patients experienced persistent fatigue at Week 14, 30, and 54, respectively.

Conclusions
Fatigue is common in IBD. Though biologic therapy improves fatigue parallel symptomatic improvement, a significant proportion continue to experience persistent fatigue up to 1 year.
Aorto-right pulmonary venous fistula after mitral valve replacement for prosthetic mitral valve infective endocarditis: a case report
Authors: Hirata Kazuhito , Fukuyama Asako , Tengan Toshiho , Takara Hiroaki 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
Aorto-cavitary fistula is a rare condition, and the most common underlying aetiology is infective endocarditis (IE) of the native or the prosthetic aortic valve. We report a case of aorto-right inferior pulmonary venous fistula following redo mitral valve replacement (MVR) for prosthetic mitral valve IE.

Case summary
A 74-year-old woman underwent urgent redo MVR for prosthetic mitral valve IE. The post-operative course was complicated with heart failure and mediastinal haematoma compressing the left atrium. The haematoma was surgically removed and laceration of the left atrial wall was suture ligated; this was attributed to the surgical trauma dissection of the adhesive tissues. One-week post-operatively, a continuous murmur emerged, which prompted an evaluation of the left to right shunt. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed an echolucent area posterior to the aorta, with continuous flow on colour Doppler. Three-dimensional computed tomography showed a fistula between the aorta and the right inferior pulmonary vein. There was a high risk involved in surgical management; therefore, she was managed medically. Fortunately, the continuous murmur and echolucent space disappeared after 6 months. The fistula was considered to be obstructed by spontaneous thrombus formation in the narrowed segment of the fistula tract.

Discussion
The cause of fistula was attributed to possible surgical trauma in the presence of infection. The present case was unique, as it showed spontaneous healing of an aorto-cavitary fistula, which is very rare. The patient was alive with good health status, 6 years after the MVR.
Future Time Perspective in Mid-to-Later Life: The Role of Personality
Authors: Nelson Niccole A , Bergeman Cindy S , Jacobucci Ross 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Objectives
Future time perspective (FTP), or the way individuals orient to and consider their futures, is fundamental to motivation and well-being across the life span. There is a relative paucity of studies, however, that explore its contributing factors in mid-to-later life, specifically. Therefore, uncovering which variables contribute to individual differences in FTP, as well as the ways these variables interact, is paramount to developing a strong understanding of this construct during this life-span stage.

Method
This study used three data mining techniques (ie, elastic net, decision tree, and tree ensemble analyses) to simultaneously test several potential contributors identified in the literature, including the five-factor personality domains, several health indices, and age.

Results
Personality, especially neuroticism, extraversion, conscientiousness, and agreeableness, had the most influence on FTP. Age and health were not among the most salient FTP contributors in mid-to-later life. Furthermore, decision tree analyses uncovered interactive effects of personality; several profiles of neuroticism, extraversion, and/or conscientiousness were linked with differing FTP levels.

Discussion
Although the extant literature has indicated that FTP, age, and health are inextricably tied, these results indicate that there is more variability to be explained in FTP, perhaps especially when looking within specific age groups.