bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined inhibition of histone methyltransferases EZH2 and DOT1L is an effective therapy for neuroblastoma
Authors: Seneviratne Janith A. , Ravindrarajah Daenikka , Carter Daniel R. , Zhai Vicki , Lalwani Amit , Krishan Sukriti , Balachandran Anushree , Ng Ernest , Pandher Ruby , Wong Matthew , Nero Tracy L. , Wang Shudong , Norris Murray D. , Haber Michelle , Liu Tao , Parker Michael W. , Cheung Belamy B. , Marshall Glenn M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe child cancer, neuroblastoma (NB), is characterised by a low incidence of mutations and strong oncogenic embryonal driver signals. Many new targeted epigenetic modifier drugs have failed in human trials as monotherapy.MethodsWe performed a high‐throughput, combination chromatin‐modifier drug screen against NB cells. We screened 13 drug candidates in 78 unique combinations.ResultsWe found that the combination of two histone methyltransferase (HMT) inhibitors: GSK343, targeting EZH2, and SGC0946, targeting DOT1L, demonstrated the strongest synergy across 8 NB cell lines, with low normal fibroblast toxicity. High mRNA expression of both EZH2 and DOT1L in NB tumour samples correlated with the poorest patient survival. Combination HMT inhibitor treatment caused activation of ATF4‐mediated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress responses. In addition, glutathione and several amino acids were depleted by HMT inhibitor combination on mass spectrometry analysis. The combination of SGC0946 and GSK343 reduced tumour growth in comparison to single agents.ConclusionOur results support further investigation of HMT inhibitor combinations as a therapeutic approach in NB.
Nanoparticles for Delivering Micro and Macromolecules for the Management of Diabetic Wounds
Authors: Sanapalli Vidyasrilekha , Haque Md Azizul , Sanapalli Bharat Kumar Reddy , Karri Veera Venkata Satyanarayana Reddy , Mondal Tonmoy Kumar , Barai Paritosh , Islam Md. Rabiul , Farahim Farha , Ali Talat , Barai Hasi Rani , Roy Madhusudan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder that affects most vital organs in the body. Approximately 463 million people were diagnosed with DM worldwide in 2019. The incidence of DM is estimated to increase by 700 million by 2045. Diabetic wounds (DWs) are among the most severe complications in people suffering from DM. Although diverse standard care treatment strategies are available for DWs, they are unsatisfactory because of the multifactorial pathophysiology of DWs. Cutting‐edge nanoparticles are increasingly being used in treating DWs. In particular, few nanoparticles naturally act as ROS scavengers, promote angiogenesis, exhibit antimicrobial activity, and form the extracellular matrix, which is considered beneficial for DW healing. The current review focused on the pivotal potential of the present nanoparticles for DW healing, emphasizing and highlighting the use of the nanoparticles in delivering micro and macromolecules in tissue regeneration for DW healing and future perspectives.
Reprogramming of Glucose Metabolism for Revisiting Hepatocellular Carcinoma Resistance to Transcatheter Hepatic Arterial Chemoembolization
Authors: Zhang Ruijie , Dai Fan , Deng Songhan , Zeng Yun , Wang Jinyang , Liu Gang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is recognized globally as one of the most lethal tumors, presenting a significant menace to patients’ lives owing to its exceptional aggressiveness and tendency to recur. Transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization (TACE) therapy, as a first‐line treatment option for patients with advanced HCC, has been proven effective. However, it is disheartening that nearly 40 % of patients exhibit resistance to this therapy. Consequently, this review delves into the metabolic aspects of glucose metabolism to explore the underlying mechanisms behind TACE treatment resistance and to propose potentially fruitful therapeutic strategies. The ultimate objective is to present novel insights for the development of personalized treatment methods targeting HCC.
Changes in starch properties during malting and their correlations with the malting quality of multiple barley cultivars
Authors: Fan Xiangyun , Zhu Juan , Dong Wenbin , Hong Yi , Lv Chao , Zhang Peng , Xu Rugen 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveThere is still a lack of information about detailed dynamic changes in starch properties during malting among multiple barley varieties and correlations of starch properties with malting qualities. In this work, compositional, physicochemical, morphological, and structural properties of starches from four barley varieties at six time points across the malting process were first investigated to better understand the starch modification of barley malting. Furthermore, a total of 30 barley varieties were used to investigate the relationship between malting qualities and starch properties. The results provide a reference for breeding high‐malting quality barley based on starch properties.FindingsSignificant decreases in starch contents, paste viscosities, relative crystallinity, as well as the ratio of 1045/1022 cm−1 of starch, were exhibited, while comparatively small changes were found in the thermal parameters during malting. Amylose and amylopectin polymers were both hydrolyzed in malting. After malting, pits and holes were discovered on the surface of some starch granules. Four parameters of peak viscosity (PV), breakdown, peak time (PeT), and pasting temperature (PT) had significant correlations with diastatic power (DP), while the above four indicators together with amylose content, total starch content, onset temperature, peak temperature, and swelling power had significant correlations with malt extract (ME).ConclusionsThe trend of changes in starch properties among all four genotypes was similar. However, the variety with better malting quality showed a greater degree of measurements in some starch characters. Starch properties are mainly related to the two malting quality indicators of DP and ME.Significance and NoveltyPV, breakdown, PeT, and PT had significant correlations with malting qualities.
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: A case report in which four wrongs made a right
Authors: Young Lisa , Badihian Shervin , Zee David S. , Newman‐Toker David E. , Kerber Kevin A. , Bhandari Anita , Bhandari Rajneesh 
Published: November 2024

Key Clinical MessageRepositioning maneuvers for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) designed to induce otoconial movement in one canal can trigger and sometimes unwittingly treat BPPV in other canals. Patients with BPPV are best managed by precisely diagnosing the canal variant and using correctly performed, standardized testing and treatment maneuvers.
Tuning Electron‐Transfer Driving Force in Photosynthetic Special Pair Models
Authors: Ramírez‐Wierzbicki Ivana , Sanchez Merlinsky Luciano , Pieslinger German E. , Domínguez Sofía , Slep Leonardo D. , Baraldo Luis M. , Cadranel Alejandro 
Published: November 2024

AbstractVisible‐light excitation of a family of bimetallic ruthenium polypyridines with the formula [RuII(tpy)(bpy)(‐CN)RuII(py)4L]n+ (RuRuLn+), where L=Cl−, NCS−, DMAP and ACN, was used to prepare photoinduced mixed‐valence (PI‐MV) MLCT states as models of the photosynthetic reaction center. Ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy allowed to monitor photoinduced IVCT bands between 6000 and 11000 cm−1. Mulliken spin densities resulting from DFT and (TD)DFT computations revealed the modulation of the charge density distribution depending on the ligand substitution pattern. Results are consistent with PI‐MV systems ranging from non‐degenerate Class II to degenerate Class III or II/III, with electronic couplings between 1000 and 3500 cm−1. These findings guide the control electron localization‐delocalization in charge‐transfer/charge‐separated excited states, like those involved in the photosynthetic reaction center.
Construction and Comparative Research of Two MOFs Proton Conducting Materials Containing Nitro Groups
Authors: Guo Yuan‐Yuan , Wang Rui‐Dong , Zhao Xu‐Hui , Lv Hong‐Bo , Wei Wei‐Ming , Wang Lei , Zhang Suo‐Shu , Du Lin , Zhao Qi‐Hua 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn field of electrochemistry, there has been a growing interest in the potential applications of proton‐conducting metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs). Therefore, how to design and synthesize MOFs with high proton conductivity is considered crucial. In this study, two examples of nitro‐containing Cd‐based MOFs, MOF‐1 {[Cd3(TIPE)1.5(NO3)5Cl(H2O)2] ⋅ 17H2O}n and MOF‐2 {[Cd(TIPE)0.5(nip)] ⋅ 10H2O}n (TIPE=1,1,2,2‐tetrakis(4‐(1H‐imidazole‐1‐yl)phenyl)ethene, H2nip=5‐Nitroisophthalic Acid), had been successfully designed and synthesized, and their proton‐conducting properties were thoroughly investigated. Notably, both materials displayed peak proton conductivity at 98 % RH and 90 °C, exhibiting values of 9.13×10−3 and 3.00×10−3 S cm−1 for MOF‐1 and MOF‐2, respectively. The plausible proton conduction pathways and mechanisms were elucidated through structural analyses, water vapor adsorption studies, and the determination of activation energy (Ea) values. It was found that the difference in proton conductivity between MOF‐1 and MOF‐2 was mainly associated with the different water absorption rates of the samples. The uniqueness of this study was that for the first time conducted an in‐depth study of the role of nitrate in proton conduction, providing new ideas for designing materials with excellent proton conductivity.
A comprehensive approach to defining the cutoff value of oligometastasis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Berzenji Diako , Oude Booijink Olivier R. G. , Gahrmann Renske , Mast Hetty , Capala Marta E. , Koppes Sjors A. , van Meerten Esther , Kremer Bernd , Baatenburg de Jong Robert Jan , Offerman Marinella P. J. , Hardillo Jose A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundPatients with limited distant metastatic disease, also known as oligometastasis, show better survival rates than polymetastatic patients, and may be amenable for curative‐intent treatment. The definition of oligometastasis, however, is unknown, and no quantitative analyses on the cutoff value for oligometastasis have been performed before. This study aims to derive specific threshold values for the number of metastases and affected locations that defines oligometastatic disease in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted including all patients diagnosed with distant metastases between 2006 and 2021. For each patient, the number of distant metastases and affected locations was recorded on the basis of the available imaging at the time of diagnosis. Cox regression analyses and a machine‐learning k‐means algorithm were used to determine threshold values.ResultsA total of 384 patients untreated for their metastatic foci were analyzed. Most patients (n = 207; 53.9%) had metastasis to one anatomic location, followed by metastases in two anatomic locations (n = 62; 16.1%). The majority of patients had ≥9 metastatic foci (n = 174; 45.3%), followed by one focus (n = 74; 19.3%) and two foci (n = 32; 8.3%). Cox regression and machine‐learning k‐means models showed that although the number of metastases did not predict survival, the number of affected locations did significantly (p < .001), by identifying a threshold of two locations.ConclusionsContrary to the prevalent dogma, the definition of oligometastasis should not be defined by the number of metastases but rather by the number of affected locations, with a maximum number of affected locations set at two.
Specification of just‐noticeable color difference for 2° and 10° stimuli using different color matching functions
Authors: Zhao Mengjing , Wei Minchen 
Published: November 2024

AbstractJust‐noticeable color difference (JNCD) is important in color specification and characterization. The commonly referenced specification of JNCD (i.e., 0.004 or 0.0033 u′v′ unit) is thought to originate from the MacAdam ellipses, which were derived using 2° color stimuli and characterized using the CIE 1931 2° color matching functions (CMFs). However, there is no universally agreed or clear definition of JNCD. Also, such a specification is widely used in various ways based on an assumption that it is applicable regardless of the actual size of the stimuli and CMFs. In this study, an experiment using a constant stimuli method was carried out. The human observers evaluated a series pairs of test and reference stimuli, with a field of view (FOV) of 2° or 10°. The chromaticities of the test stimuli were carefully calibrated using four standard CIE CMFs (i.e., CIE 1931 2°, 1964 10°, 2006 2°, and 10° CMFs). The results suggested that the widely used specification of JNCD seems to be derived based on the one standard deviation ellipses, the use of these four CMFs has little effect on the specification, and the JNCD value for stimuli with an FOV of 10° is 0.0025–0.0027 u′v′ unit depending on the CMFs.
Exploring Gas Evolution Oscillators: Mechanisms and Applications
Authors: Budroni Marcello A. , Rustici Mauro , Rossi Federico 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe review an iconic class of chemical oscillators driven by phase transition instabilities, namely Gas Evolution Oscillators (GEOs). These systems show oscillatory dynamics in the delivery of gas sustained simple reactions yielding gaseous products in a liquid mixture, due to nucleation and supersaturation phenomena. After presenting the main features and properties of these systems, we deepen the underlying mechanism through a unified picture of the various models that have been proposed to describe this kind of oscillations. We finally discuss a concrete example of how such instabilities can impact chemical processes with applied relevance.
Absence of the Third Linker Domain of ApcE Subunit in Phycobilisome from Synechocystis 6803 Reduces Rods‐To‐Core Excitation Energy Transfer
Authors: Niedzwiedzki Dariusz M. , Tomar Rupal Singh , Akram Fatima , Williams Anna M. , Liu Haijun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPhycobilisome (PBS) is a pigment‐protein complex utilized by red algae and cyanobacteria in photosynthesis for light harvesting. A cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 contains PBS with a tricylindrical core built of allophycocyanin (APC) disks where six phycocyanin (PC) rods are attached. The top core cylinder is seemingly involved in attaching four PC rods and binding orange carotenoid protein (OCP) to quench excess of excitation energy. In this study, we have deleted the third linker domain (LD3) of ApcE subunit of PBS which assembles four APC discs into the top core cylinder. The mutation resulted in PBS with bicylindrical core, structurally comparable to the naturally existing PBS from Synechococcus 7942. Lack of LD3 and the top APC cylinder reduces the excitation energy transfer between PC and APC in the mutant. Moreover, these PBSs are more prone to light induced‐photodamage and do not bind to the photoactivated orange carotenoid protein (OCP), a known PBS excitation quencher. These findings highlight the complex and elegant interplay between the PBS architecture and the functional efficiency, suggesting that in PBSs with naturally tri‐cylindrical cores, the top cylinder has essential roles in recruiting the rods and proper binding of OCP.
Validation of the SCOFF as a Simple Screening Tool for Eating Disorders in an Inpatient Sample Before and During COVID‐19
Authors: Beer Clara Sophie , Lüken Luisa Marie , Eggendorf Jessica , Holtmann Martin , Legenbauer Tanja 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveEating disorders (EDs) represent a significant public health concern, with a high prevalence among adolescent girls. The COVID‐19 pandemic has led to a marked increase in EDs, underlining the need for a brief screening tool in clinical settings. The present study compared ICD‐10‐based ED‐diagnoses with SCOFF‐identified at‐risk female patients in a clinical setting and assessed the tool's reliability.MethodRoutine data (n = 955 participants) from a child and adolescent psychiatric hospital were evaluated regarding the incidence of ED‐diagnoses before (n = 312) and during the pandemic (n = 643) and compared with SCOFF results. The SCOFF's sensitivity and specificity were examined.ResultsED‐diagnoses significantly increased, almost doubling from before to during the pandemic. The number of at‐risk patients identified by the SCOFF likewise differed between the two time points. The SCOFF showed high sensitivity at cut‐offs of 2 (pre‐pandemic) and 3 (peri‐pandemic) but low specificity. Internal consistency was poor.DiscussionThe findings align with previous research indicating an elevated rate of admission to clinical care for ED‐diagnoses during the pandemic, a trend also reflected in the SCOFF results. However, the SCOFF's low specificity and poor internal consistency raise concerns about its applicability among adolescent psychiatric inpatients.
Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP): The Most Accurate Indicator of Overweight and Obesity Among Lipid Indices in Type 2 Diabetes—Findings From a Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Karimpour Reyhan Sahar , Yadegar Amirhossein , Samimi Sahar , Nakhaei Pooria , Esteghamati Alireza , Nakhjavani Manouchehr , Karimpour Reihan Soheil , Rabizadeh Soghra 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the relationships of conventional and calculated lipid indices with obesity or overweight in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, all participants were categorised into three groups: normal weight (18 ≤ BMI < 25), overweight (25 ≤ BMI < 30) and obese (BMI ≥ 30). Conventional lipid indices, including triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol, LDL‐C and HDL‐C, were measured. Lipid indices, including the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), non‐HDL‐C, TC/HDL‐C, LDL‐C/HDL‐C, non‐HLD‐C/HDL‐C (atherogenic index, AI) and lipoprotein combine index (LCI), were calculated. The associations of these lipid indices with obesity and overweight status were evaluated using univariate and multivariate multinomial logistic regression analyses.ResultsIn this study, 2661 patients with T2D, including 651 patients with normal weight, 1144 with overweight, and 866 with obesity, were recruited. According to a multinomial logistic regression analysis after adjustment for multiple confounders, the odds ratio (OR) was greater for the AIP than for other conventional and calculated lipid indices in overweight and obese patients with T2D. The AIP had a significant relationship with overweight, with an OR of 4.79 (95% CI: 1.65–13.85), and it had a significant relationship with obesity, with an OR of 13.64 (95% CI: 3.96–47.04). According to the ROC curve, with a cut‐off value of 0.68, AIP could predict obesity with 82% sensitivity and 55% specificity (AUC = 0.770, 95% CI: 0.729–0.812, p < 0.001).ConclusionCompared with other conventional and calculated lipid markers, the AIP is most strongly associated with obesity and overweight in patients with T2D.
N/S‐Codoped Nickel Oxide Supported on Activated Montmorillonite Clay as an Efficient Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Patel Neha , Saini Bhagirath , Ponnada Srikanth , Singhal Rahul , Sharma Rakesh K. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDeveloping low‐cost, highly effective, and durable electrocatalysts for overall water splitting (OER/HER) is crucial for future energy provision. Herein, we report N/S‐codoped Nickel oxide supported on activated Montmorillonite clay as an efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst for water electrolysis. The different wt % of Ni‐MMT catalysts were synthesized using an effortless one‐step solvothermal method and their phase recognition, morphology, analysis of elements, and electrochemical performance were confirmed by various characterization techniques. The optimal 10 Ni‐MMT catalyst exhibits outstanding efficiency in both HER (170 mV) and OER (365 mV) at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 in 1 M KOH. Furthermore, doping of N/S heteroatoms increases the active sites for HER/OER, facilitates charge transfer and achieves electrochemical stability of 15 h. The Ni‐MMT catalyst achieved an overall water‐splitting performance in 1 M KOH, reaching 10 mA cm−2 at a cell voltage of 1.82 V.
Mechanical properties and energy evolution of outburst coal seams under different load regimes
Authors: Tianjun Zhang , Jiaokun Wu , Gang Wang , Yong Chen , Hong Ding , Hongyu Ma , Jie Yang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCoal elasticity and gas expansion are important factors for coal and gas outburst. During the outburst process, the elastic strain energy of coal is mainly released from the stress region, and the gas expansion energy near the working face is larger, and it is not a continuous release process. To reveal the mechanical characteristics and energy evolution of outburst coal seam, uniaxial and triaxial compression tests were carried out on outburst coal seam samples under different loading methods. The experimental results show that the elastic characteristics become more obvious with the increase of loading rate, the peak strain increases, the elastic modulus is linearly related with the loading rate，and the overall degree of fragmentation increases with the increase of loading rate, which is consistent with the severity of macroscopic coal failure. The failure mode of coal under uniaxial compression conditions is often manifest as brittle failure. The strength characteristics of coal under different loading rates comply with the Mohr‐Coulomb criterion, and the peak strength is linearly related to the failure time and loading rate. With the increasing confining pressure causes the failure of coal samples to transition from ductile to brittle, and the failure mode develops from local shear to overall splitting. The elastic energy evolution curve is consistent with its stress‐strain curve. With the increase of confining pressure, the limiting elastic energy and peak total energy increase in a quasi‐linear manner. The accumulated limit elastic energy plays an important role in the failure of coal samples, and the macroscopic manifestation thereof is that the coal samples fail more severely under high confining pressure conditions than under low confining pressure conditions. The research results are of great significance for the comprehensive prevention and control of coal and gas outburst.
Holocene Floodplain Transformation Through Catchment‐Scale Human‐Environment Interactions: An Interdisciplinary Case Study of the Gete Catchment (Belgium)
Authors: van Zon Marleen , Hoevers Renske , Swinnen Ward , Simons Bob , Vanmontfort Bart , Verstraeten Gert 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTFloodplains across the European loess region transformed from nature‐ to human‐dominated environments during the Holocene. A general framework of this evolution is well established, but it is less clear how differences in timing—observed within and between catchments—can be explained. Although human impact is an important driver, little attention has thus far been paid to the actual human activities involved, their intensities, and spatiotemporal patterns. By adopting an interdisciplinary approach, this study provides insight into the evolution of both environmental (e.g., local floodplain geoecohydrology and regional land cover) and human dynamics (e.g., demography and land use) in the Belgian Gete catchment. Results show that the observed changes in land cover and floodplain geoecology can indeed be attributed to spatiotemporal variations in human impact. Human‐induced vegetation change, driven by population growth and associated agrarian production, resulted in hydrological changes and localized colluviation. Catchment‐scale improvement of hillslope‐channel connectivity initiated alluviation in the valleys and completed the transformation from forested marsh to open floodplain with overbank sedimentation. In turn, this allowed people to settle in the floodplains in the Early Medieval period, laying the foundations for our present‐day landscape.