bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Penambahan Perekat dan Ukuran Partikel Terhadap Biobriket Hasil Pirolisis Sekam Padi
Authors: Nuryati Nuryati , Jefriadi Jefriadi , Ambarwati Tri 
Published: May 2019

Sekam padi merupakan limbah hasil dari penggilingan padi. Menurut data Dinas Pertanian Kabupaten Tanah Laut tahun 2016 luas area lahan pertanian di Kabupaten Tanah Laut yang ditanami padi pada tahun 2016 yaitu 81,115 ha dengan jumlah produksi padi sawah dan padi gogo sebesar 213.026 ton. Dari 213.026 ton padi akan menghasilkan sekam sekitar 20-30% yaitu sebesar 42 – 64 ton sekam padi. Salah satu manfaat sekam padi adalah sebagai bahan baku pembuatan biobriket dan dapat menjadi alternatif untuk mengatasi ketergantungan terhadap energi fosil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat biobriket dari arang hasil pirolisis sekam padi, menganalisis pengaruh penambahan perekat tapioka dan menganalisis pengaruh ukuran partikel pada biobriket dari arang hasil pirolisis sekam padi. Sekam padi diayak dengan ukuran 20, 40 dan 60 mesh. Pembuatan biobriket dilakukan dengan metode pirolisis yaitu proses pembakaran bahan baku dalam reaktor pirolisis dengan menggunakan suhu yang tinggi dan tanpa atau dengan sedikit oksigen. Pirolisis dilakukan selama 1-2jam dengan suhu 400oC. Arang yang dihasilkan dicampur dengan perekat 3%, 4%, 5% dan 6% kemudian dikeringkan dan dilakukan pengujian. Hasil pengujian kadar air yang terendah didapat pada perekat 6% dengan ukuran 20 mesh yaitu 2,65%. Pada pengujian kadar abu sangat tinggi bila dibandingkan dengan SNI hanya mensyaratkan maksimal 8%. Sedangkan laju bakar terbaik didapat pada perekat 6% dengan ukuran 60 mesh yaitu 0,36 gr/gram.
PEMBUATAN KULIT SINGKONG MENJADI “KARAMEL” SEBAGAI CEMILAN SEHAT KELUARGA
Authors: Hairiyah Nina 
Published: May 2019

Pengabdian masyarakat adalah salah satu tri dharma Perguruan Tinggi yang wajib untuk dilaksanakan untuk mengaplikasikan hasil-hasil penelitian langsung ke masyarakat. Salah satu bentuk pengabdian mayarakat yang dilakukan adalah penyuluhan dan pelatihan pembuatan karamel kulit singkong sampai dengan analisis ekonomi. Karmel kulit singkong merupakan salah satu bentuk penganekaragaman makanan yang terbuat dari kulit singkong yang bernilai gizi cukup bagus sehingga dapat dijadikan sebagai cemilan sehat keluarg. Pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan di Desa Gunung Melati, Kecamatan Batu Ampar dengan materi pembuatan kulit singkong menjadi karamel sebagai cemilan sehat keluarga ini karena sesuai dengan potensi daerah yang menghasilkan singkong dan sudah ada beberapa usaha rumah tangga pembuatak keripik singkong, sehingga limbah kulit singkong yang dihasilkan apabila diolah akan lebih bernilai ekonomis. Berdasarkan hasil pengabdian yang telah dilakukan, produk karamel kulit singkong ini cukup diterima oleh masyarakat yang dilihat dari hasil uji hedonik dan layak untuk dijadikan usaha berdasarkan hasil analisis perhitungan ekonomis.Kata Kunci: Karamel, Kulit singkong, Uji Hedonik, Analisis Eknomi
PELATIHAN PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN DENGAN APLIKASI MICROSOFT POWER POINT
Authors: Hafizd Khairul Anwar , Sayyidati Rabini , Herpendi Herpendi , Rizani Muhammad Redhy 
Published: May 2019

Pesatnya perkembangan teknologi dan informasi dewasa ini dapat membantu guru dan peserta didik menyajikan materi presentasi dengan mudah dan menarik. Hal ini bertujuan agar audience dapat fokus mendengarkan dan tidak bosan. Salah satu media presentasi yang paling umum digunakan adalah aplikasi Microsoft Power Point. Meskipun aplikasi ini mudah didapatkan, tetapi masih ada beberapa guru maupun peserta didik yang belum familiar dengan Ms. Power Point. Sasaran dari pelatihan ini adalah guru dan peserta didik Sekolah Menengah Umum (SMU) di sekitar lingkungan Politeknik Negeri Tanah Laut. Hasil dari kegiatan pelatihan ini adalah optimalisasi penggunaan Ms. Power Point untuk presentasi. Setelah mengikuti pelatihan, peserta yang belum pernah menggunakan microsoft power point merasa sangat terbantu dan tertarik untuk terus menggunakannya, sedangkan bagi peserta yang sudah pernah menggunakan aplikasi ini menjadi lebih tau akan kegunaan fitur-fitur lainnya. Kata Kunci: Media Pembelajaran, Aplikasi, Microsoft Power Point
PENYEDIAAN AIR BERSIH LAYAK KONSUMSI MENGGUNAKAN KARBON AKTIF SEBAGAI MEDIA FILTRASI
Authors: Susilawati Ika Oksi , Imaningsih Witiyasti , F Arfan Eko 
Published: May 2019

Air bersih merupakan kebutuhan primer manusia. Desa Sungai Kitano merupakan salah satu desa di Kecamatan Martapura Barat yang masih menggunakan air sungai sebagai sumber air untuk memenuhi kebutuhannya. Untuk mendapatkan air bersih masyarakat melakukan dengan cara konvensional yaitu dengan cara koagulasi dan sedimentasi. Melalui kegiatan PKM dilakukan pengenalan alat penyaring air dengan bahan utama karbon aktif sebagai komponen utama filtrasi. Berdasarkan uji lab yang dilakukan, kualitas air yang telah di saring dengan teknologi membran ultrafiltrasi berdasarkan Kepmenkes No. 907/MENKES/SK/VII/2002 menunjukkan kualitas yang memenuhi kualitas standar air bersih. Satu unit alat penyaring air dengan bahan utama karbon aktif dapat digunakan masyarakat dengan waktu penggantian karbon aktif dan bahan penyaring lainnya sampai 3 tahun, dengan pembersihan 3-4 bulan sekali.Kata Kunci: Sungai Kitano, air bersih, karbon aktif
The Complexity of Work for Women who are HIV Positive: A Case Study in DKI Jakarta
Authors: Faizah Andi Nur 
Published: May 2019

<p>The phenomenon of HIV-AIDS transmission places women in a difficult situation. The loss of family members such as husbands due to AIDS leaves women living with HIV positive in a struggle to access sources of livelihood. The condition of themselves as PLWHA, concerns about being stigmatized, caring for family members, and earning a living are the burdens of life they have to face. In this regard, this paper explores the complexity of the work of HIV-positive women. This study uses a qualitative method with a feminist perspective to get a complete picture of the livelihood of HIV-positive women. Based on interviews with five HIV-positive women, the findings found a link between social, identity, and gender categories that affect their livelihoods. HIV-positive women also transform themselves into their “normal” self by pretending to be healthy, able to work, have quality, and be independent. This is done as a form of resistance to the stigma attached to PLWHA.</p><p> </p><p> </p>
Women Workers in the Indonesian Labor Market: Inevitable Marginalization
Authors: Ismalina Poppy - 
Published: May 2019

<p>By conducting descriptive statistical analysis and the establishment of two econometric models, this study proves that the marginalization of women in the Indonesian labor market still occurs even though the quality of Indonesian women from the level of education and work participation is increasing. The phenomenon of marginalization of women is characterized by 1) the wage gap due to gender differences, namely the wages received by female workers are lower than male workers for all types of work; 2) the chances of men to find work are far higher than women in the Indonesian labor market. The study concludes that the wage gap due to gender differences is not due to competition in the labor market but rather due to the assumption that working women are secondary and supplementary breadwinners in their households, and the role that they can be play is only an extension of their domestic role. Thus, the main cause of the marginalization of women in the labor market is the low awareness of gender equality, something which has already taken root in Indonesia.</p><p> </p>
Women Political Movements After 20 Years of Reformasi in Indonesia
Authors: Perdana Aditya , Wildianti Delia 
Published: May 2019

<p class="Default"><span lang="EN-US">The main question in this article is how is the achievement of women </span><span>political </span><span lang="EN-US">movements after 20 years of reformation</span><span> in Indonesia</span><span lang="EN-US">? This article elaborates two things which are foundation reasons for examining why women movement in politics have stagnant position and offering strategic agenda that could be discussed for attracting young women in political arena. There are three main reasons to see women movement after Reformation 1998. First aspect is considering civil society characteristics and also party politics in Indonesia which are unique. Second issue is there are established political interaction between both organizations. Third issue are concerning on electoral competition that is important to highlight. That is how to endorse the winning of women candidates in each election could be achieved. We believe that to build connectivity and linkage between young women generation and party politics is strategic step for party politics for resolving the necessity of women candidacy and their winning opportunities in elections. </span></p><p class="Default"> </p>
Connecting the Scales: Large Area High-resolution Ammonia Mapping of NGC 1333
Authors: Dhabal Arnab , Mundy Lee G. , Chen Che-yu , Teuben Peter , Storm Shaye 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We use NH3 inversion transitions to trace the dense gas in the NGC 1333 region of the Perseus molecular cloud. NH3 (1, 1) and NH3 (2, 2) maps covering an area of 102 square arcminutes at an angular resolution of ∼3.″7 are produced by combining Very Large Array interferometric observations with Green Bank Telescope single-dish maps. The combined maps have a spectral resolution of 0.14 km s−1 and a sensitivity of 4 mJy/beam. We produce integrated intensity maps, peak intensity maps, and dispersion maps of NH3 (1, 1) and NH3 (2, 2) and a line-of-sight velocity map of NH3 (1, 1). These are used to derive the optical depth for the NH3 (1, 1) main component, the excitation temperature of NH3 (1, 1), and the rotational temperature, kinetic temperature, and column density of NH3 over the mapped area. We compare these observations with the CARMA J = 1–0 observations of N2H+ and H13CO+ and conclude that they all trace the same material in these dense star-forming regions. From the NH3 (1, 1) velocity map, we find that a velocity gradient ridge extends in an arc across the entire southern part of NGC 1333. We propose that a large-scale turbulent cell is colliding with the cloud, which could result in the formation of a layer of compressed gas. This region along the velocity gradient ridge is dotted with Class 0/I young stellar objects, which could have formed from local overdensities in the compressed gas leading to gravitational instabilities. The NH3 (1, 1) velocity dispersion map also has relatively high values along this region, thereby substantiating the shock layer argument.
Strong Scattering of ∼keV Pickup Ions in the Local Interstellar Magnetic Field Draped around Our Heliosphere: Implications for the IBEX Ribbon's Source and IMAP
Authors: Zirnstein E. J. , McComas D. J. , Schwadron N. A. , Dayeh M. A. , Heerikhuisen J. , Swaczyna P. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The leading hypothesis for the origin of the Interstellar Boundary Explorer(IBEX) “ribbon” of enhanced energetic neutral atoms (ENAs) from the outer heliosphere is the secondary ENA mechanism, whereby neutralized solar wind ions escape the heliosphere, and after several charge-exchange processes, may propagate back toward Earth primarily in directions perpendicular to the local interstellar magnetic field (ISMF). However, the physical processes governing the parent protons outside of the heliopause are still unconstrained. In this study, we compute the “spatial retention” model proposed by Schwadron & McComas in a 3D simulated heliosphere. In their model, pickup ions outside the heliopause that originate from the neutral solar wind are spatially retained in a region of space via strong pitch angle scattering before becoming ENAs. We find that the ribbon's intensity and shape can vary greatly depending on the pitch angle scattering rate both inside and outside the spatial retention region, potentially contributing to the globally distributed flux. The draping of the ISMF around the heliopause creates an asymmetry in the average distance to the ribbon's source as well as an asymmetry in the ribbon's shape, i.e., a radial cross section of ENA flux through the circular ribbon. The spatial retention model adds an additional asymmetry to the ribbon's shape due to the enhancement of ions in the retention region close to the heliopause. Finally, we demonstrate how the ribbon's structure observed at 1 au is affected by different instrument capabilities, and how the Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe may observe the ribbon.
Inaccuracy of Spatial Derivatives in Riemann Solver Simulations of Supersonic Turbulence
Authors: Pan Liubin , Padoan Paolo , Nordlund Åke 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We examine the accuracy of spatial derivatives computed from numerical simulations of supersonic turbulence. Two sets of simulations, carried out using a finite-volume code that evolves the hydrodynamic equations with an approximate Riemann solver and a finite-difference code that solves the Navier–Stokes (N–S) equations, are tested against a number of criteria based on the continuity equation, including exact results at statistically steady state. We find that the spatial derivatives in the N–S runs are accurate and satisfy all the criteria. In particular, they satisfy our exact results that, at steady state, the average of the velocity divergence conditioned on the flow density and the conditional average of the advection of density both vanish at all density levels. On the other hand, the Riemann solver simulations fail all the tests that require accurate evaluation of spatial derivatives, resulting in apparent violation of the continuity equation, even if the solver enforces mass conservation. In particular, analysis of the Riemann simulations may lead to the incorrect conclusion that the

work tends to preferentially convert kinetic energy into thermal energy, which is inconsistent with the exact result that the energy exchange by

work is symmetric in barotropic supersonic turbulence at steady state. The inaccuracy of spatial derivatives is a general problem in the post-processing of simulations of supersonic turbulence with Riemann solvers. Solutions from such simulations must be used with caution in post-processing studies concerning the spatial gradients.
Energy Dissipation in Large Collisions—No Change in Planet Formation Outcomes
Authors: Deienno Rogerio , Walsh Kevin J. , Kretke Katherine A. , Levison Harold F. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
It is often asserted that more accurate treatment of large collisions in planet formation simulations will lead to vastly different results—in particular a lower final angular momentum deficit (AMD—commonly used to measure orbital excitement). As nearly all simulations to date consider perfect merging (100% energy dissipation) during embryo–embryo collisions, and typically end up with an overexcited final terrestrial planetary system, it has been suggested that a better treatment of energy dissipation during large collisions could decrease the final dynamical excitation (or AMD). Although some work related to energy dissipation has been done (mostly during the runaway growth phase when planetesimals grow into protoplanets), this had never been fully tested in the post-runaway phase, where protoplanets (embryos) grow chaotically into planets via large collisions among themselves. In this work, we test varying amounts of energy dissipation within embryo–embryo collisions, by assuming a given coefficient of restitution for collisions. Our results show that varying the level of energy dissipated within embryo–embryo collisions do not play any important role in the final terrestrial planetary system. We have found a strong linear correlation in our results related to the final number of planets formed and the final AMD. Additionally, reproducing the current radial mass concentration of the terrestrial planets, even when starting from an annulus of material, is challenging when modeling growth from planetesimals to planets.
Coronal Loop Transverse Oscillations Excited by Different Driver Frequencies
Authors: Afanasyev Andrey , Karampelas Konstantinos , Doorsselaere Tom Van 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We analyze transverse oscillations of a coronal loop excited by continuous monoperiodic motions of the loop footpoint at different frequencies in the presence of gravity. Using the MPI-AMRVAC code, we perform three-dimensional numerical magnetohydrodynamic simulations, considering the loop as a magnetic flux tube filled in with denser, hotter, and gravitationally stratified plasma. We show the resonant response of the loop to its external excitation and analyze the development of the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability at different heights. We also study the spatial distribution of plasma heating due to transverse oscillations along the loop. The positions of the maximum heating are in total agreement with those for the intensity of the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability, and correspond to the standing wave antinodes in the resonant cases. The initial temperature configuration and plasma mixing effect appear to play a significant role in plasma heating by transverse footpoint motions. In particular, the development of the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability in a hotter loop results in the enhancement of the mean plasma temperature in the domain.
ISWI ATPase Smarca5 Regulates Differentiation of Thymocytes Undergoing β-Selection
Authors: Zikmund Tomas , Kokavec Juraj , Turkova Tereza , Savvulidi Filipp , Paszekova Helena , Vodenkova Sona , Sedlacek Radislav , Skoultchi Arthur I. , Stopka Tomas 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Development of lymphoid progenitors requires a coordinated regulation of gene expression, DNA replication, and gene rearrangement. Chromatin-remodeling activities directed by SWI/SNF2 superfamily complexes play important roles in these processes. In this study, we used a conditional knockout mouse model to investigate the role of Smarca5, a member of the ISWI subfamily of such complexes, in early lymphocyte development. Smarca5 deficiency results in a developmental block at the DN3 stage of αβ thymocytes and pro-B stage of early B cells at which the rearrangement of Ag receptor loci occurs. It also disturbs the development of committed (CD73+) γδ thymocytes. The αβ thymocyte block is accompanied by massive apoptotic depletion of β-selected double-negative DN3 cells and premitotic arrest of CD4/CD8 double-positive cells. Although Smarca5-deficient αβ T cell precursors that survived apoptosis were able to undergo a successful TCRβ rearrangement, they exhibited a highly abnormal mRNA profile, including the persistent expression of CD44 and CD25 markers characteristic of immature cells. We also observed that the p53 pathway became activated in these cells and that a deficiency of p53 partially rescued the defect in thymus cellularity (in contrast to early B cells) of Smarca5-deficient mice. However, the activation of p53 was not primarily responsible for the thymocyte developmental defects observed in the Smarca5 mutants. Our results indicate that Smarca5 plays a key role in the development of thymocytes undergoing β-selection, γδ thymocytes, and also B cell progenitors by regulating the transcription of early differentiation programs.
Perceived Effects of Climate Variability on Cassava Production among Small Scale Farmers in Anambra State, Nigeria
Authors: Anarah Samuel E. , Ezeano Caleb I. , Osuafor Ogonna O. 
Published: May 2019

Climate variability is one of the predominant themes in agricultural research. Climate variations can seriously affect agricultural production. It brings about changes in weather patterns which in turn give rise to imbalances in seasonal cycles, harm to ecosystems and water supply affecting agriculture and food production. Extreme weather events such as floods, landslides and drought are caused by climate variation. Studies have shown that root crops such as cassava are most vulnerable to the impact of climate variability. This paper therefore investigated the perceived effects of climate variability on cassava production among small scale farmers in Anambra State. Specifically, the study described the socioeconomic characteristics of small scale cassava farmers in the state; identified the activities of small scale cassava farmers that contribute to climate variability; and ascertained the perception and levels of awareness of climate variability by small scale cassava farmers in the study area. A multi-stage sampling technique was used in selecting the sample units for the study. The instrument for data collection was a well-structured questionnaire based on the objectives. Descriptive statistics was used to actualize the objectives while the hypothesis was tested using multiple linear regression model. The result of the socioeconomic variables showed that majority of the small-scale cassava farmers were within the age range of 41-50 years; majority (59.38 %) of the respondents were females; majority (32.03%) have 7 to 11 years of farming experience; majority of the respondents (35.94 %) have farm size of 0.1 to 0.5 hectares; majority of the farmers (42.19 %) belong to 3 to 4 farming organizations; majority of the farmers (42.19 %) make income of ₦50,000 to ₦100,000; and majority of the farmers (53.13 %) produce yield of 3000 to 4000 kg of cassava. Result of the activities of small scale cassava farmers that contribute to climate variability show that majority of the farmers (88.28 %) perceived that bush burning contribute to climate variability while (82.03%), (60.16%), (56.25%) and (50.78%) indicated that intensive agricultural land use, use of inorganic fertilizers, use of fossil fuels and deforestation contribute also to climate variability, respectively. Based on the perception and level of awareness of climate variability by small scale cassava farmers in the study area, the result show that the farmers were significantly aware of the following climate variability; early onset of rainfall and early cessation; decreased rainfall days; shorter than normal rainfall; absence of frost; low intensity rainfall; flash flooding; unusual patterns of precipitation and high sunshine intensity. It was also found that significant relationship exists between socio-economic characteristics and production level by the small scale cassava farmers. Recommendations were made based on the findings.
The Effects of Antiepileptic Drugs (AED) on Serum Copper Level in Children with Epilepsy
Authors: . Shamim-Ara-Sarkar , Rahman Habibur , Jahan Israt , Ahmed Md. Ranzu 
Published: May 2019

Background: Epilepsy is a central nervous system disorder in which brain activity becomes irregular, causing seizures or periods of unusual behavior, sensations, and sometimes loss of awareness. Serum copper level may change due to long term use of antiepileptic drugs.
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to assess the serum copper level in childhood epilepsy treated with long-term Anti-Epileptic Drug (AED).
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Paediatric Neurology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) during March to August’ 2013. Sample size was one hundred, among these fifty were case (epileptic child who had received anti-epileptic drugs (Carbamazepine and/or Valproic acid) for more than three months) and rest fifty were control (newly diagnosed epileptic child, who yet not received antiepileptic drug).
Result: The mean copper level was 1.11±0.32 µg/ml in case group and 0.96±0.20 µg/ml in control group, which was statistically significant (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The use of one drug or multiple drugs in the treatment of epileptic patients may play significant role in increasing copper serum level.