bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advanced platelet‐rich fibrin versus connective tissue graft in maxillary gingival recession management
Authors: Tadepalli Anupama , Ramachandran Lakshmi , Parthasarathy Harinath , Cholan Priyanka , Chekurti Swapna , Peter Tinu George 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundPlatelet concentrates have gained significant attention in periodontology due to their regenerative properties. This randomized clinical trial was aimed to compare the clinical efficacy of advanced platelet‐rich fibrin (A‐PRF) and connective tissue graft (CTG) in the management of recession defects. The objectives were to compare changes in recession height and root coverage percentage between the groups.MethodsSystemically healthy individuals presenting Cairo's RT1/RT2 gingival recession defects in the maxilla (n = 40) were treated with either A‐PRF or CTG in combination with coronally advanced flap (CAF). Clinical parameters were measured at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Mean and complete root coverage percentages were calculated at 3 and 6 months.ResultsIn both the test (CAF + A‐PRF) and control (CAF + CTG) groups, a statistically significant reduction in mean recession height was seen from baseline values of 2.90 ± 0.55 mm and 3.15 ± 0.87 mm to 0.80 ± 0.95 mm and 0.15 ± 0.48 mm at 6 months, respectively (p < 0.001). In the test group, 10 sites had complete root coverage at 6 months with mean root coverage of 73.76 ± 29.58%. In the control group, 18 of 20 sites had complete root coverage with mean root coverage of 93.35 ± 23.1%. The control sites had a significantly greater reduction in recession height and higher mean and complete root coverage percentages at 6 months (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThe study findings suggest that, the CTG had resulted in superior outcomes than A‐PRF along with CAF.Key points
Question: To compare the efficacy of advanced platelet‐rich fibrin (A‐PRF) with connective tissue graft (CTG) in the management of gingival recession defects.
Finding: Both interventions showed satisfactory healing. At 6 months, the CTG group demonstrated superior results than the A‐PRF group.
Meaning: CTG has a greater therapeutic potential than A‐PRF in the management of gingival recessions.
Plain language summaryPlatelet‐derived membranes are widely used in various dental therapies due to their healing properties. Limited studies have been conducted using the novel platelet preparations in the management of receding gums. This study compared the effects of advanced platelet‐rich fibrin membrane with conventional soft tissue harvested from the palate in the treatment of gum recession. Twenty‐three patients requiring gum augmentation were recruited and treated with either platelet‐derived membrane (test group) or tissue harvested from their palate (control group). Clinical parameters were measured at baseline (before intervention), 3 months, and 6 months. Both treatment modalities resulted in significant gum coverage at the end of 6 months. On comparison, the control sites had significantly greater improvements in all the measured clinical parameters indicating that tissue obtained from the palate had superior therapeutic potential.
Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Molecular Dynamics Simulation Revealed the Molecular Targets and Potential Mechanism of Nauclea Latifolia in the Treatment of Breast Cancer
Authors: Zemnou Cromwel Tepap 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBreast cancer (BRCA) incidence is increasing, posing a significant public health challenge and necessitating effective treatment solutions. Nauclea latifolia (N. latifolia) has shown anticancer activity against multidrug‐resistant BRCA cells, though its mechanism of action remains unclear. We used online databases Swiss Target Prediction and GeneCards to identify therapeutic targets for BRCA and active compounds in N. latifolia. Protein‐protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the STRING database and Cytoscape. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed using the DAVID database. Molecular docking, gene expression, and survival analyses of core targets were conducted using Autodock 4.0 and GEPIA2 database. We identified 141 intersecting targets for BRCA and N. latifolia compounds, with key targets including ALB, AKT1, ESR1, STAT3, EGFR, SRC, PTGS2, GSK3B, MMP9, and PPAR1. These targets are involved in cell proliferation and death through pathways such as the PI3 K‐Akt signaling system, metabolic pathways, cancer pathways, and proteoglycans in cancer. Gene expression and survival analysis indicated these targets as potential markers for BRCA treatment prognosis. This study provides insights into the mechanism of action of N. latifolia against BRCA cells and gives a basis to clinicians for future drug development.
Close Proximity of Cholesterol Anchors in Membrane Induces the Dissociation of Amphiphilic DNA Strand from Membrane Surface
Authors: Hu Canqiong , Liu Shuang , Huang Guoxia , Yang Fan , Li Lexun , Zhang Cao , Shao Shuxuan , Deng Xiaodan , Liu Qiaoling 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDynamic DNA nanotechnology is appealing for membrane surface engineering due to their versatility and programmability. To modulate the dynamic interactions between the DNA functional units immobilized on membrane surface, membrane‐anchored DNA functional units often come into close proximity each other due to DNA base pairing, which also leads to the close contact of the hydrophobic anchors in membrane. However, whether the close contact of hydrophobic anchors induces the dissociation of amphiphilic DNA structures from membrane surface is not concerned. Herein, we utilized cholesterol‐labelled single‐stranded DNA (ssDNA) as a simplified amphiphilic DNA structure to investigate the stability of membrane anchored DNA strands upon the closely contact of cholesterol anchors. The close contact of cholesterol‐labelled ssDNA molecules driven by toehold mediated strand displacement reaction leads to approximately 41 % membrane anchored ssDNA dissociation from membrane surface, indicating the proximal cholesterol anchors in membrane could reduce the anchoring stability of cholesterol‐modified DNA strands. This work enhances our understanding of the interactions between amphiphilic DNA and membranes, and provides valuable insights for the design of future DNA constructs intended for applications involving dynamic DNA reactions on membrane surface.
Toward Carbon‐Negative Methanol Production from Biogas: Intensified Membrane Reactor
Authors: Yoosefdoost Arash , Jazani Omid , Liguori Simona , Das Anindita , Santos Rafael M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe modern world's major challenges, such as global warming, air pollution, and increasing energy demands, escalate the importance of sustainable development and transition toward renewables using innovative and environmentally friendly solutions, such as intensifying chemical processes, to reduce carbon footprints effectively. Aiming to enhance the process toward negative carbon emissions, this perspective explores the intensified membrane reactors for reducing the energy intensity of converting biogas into methanol, a versatile chemical feedstock, and renewable liquid fuel. Syngas and methanol synthesis processes, catalysts, and membranes were explored, and novel reactor designs were proposed. Introduction of selective membranes into the catalytic reaction zone to combine synthesis separation steps could enhance the system efficiency and intensify the process by recycling energy and materials, besides reducing costs and required energy for the separation process: the continuous harnessing of products shifts reactions toward desired species while recycling energy and materials enhances the process efficiency, and separating water from methanol reduces the required energy and costs of extra processes for methanol separation. The successful implementation of this technology holds significant promise for sustainable developments in producing chemicals and renewable fuel from renewable biogas and reducing methane and carbon dioxide emissions toward achieving carbon‐negative technologies.
Experimental study on heat transfer and resistance of round tube with tube sheet under ultrasonic action
Authors: Lv Xiaohan , Yu Chulin , Wang Wenqing , Yang Yuxi , Zhang Haiqing 
Published: November 2024

AbstractEnergy is vital to the survival and development of human beings. In the era of ‘carbon neutrality’, all walks of life around the world are upgrading their technological capabilities to reduce carbon emissions. As a new type of active strengthening technology to improve the comprehensive performance of heat exchangers, ultrasonic technology has attracted the attention of more and more scholars. From the actual installation situation, a set of ultrasonic enhanced heat transfer test device with tube sheet round tube was built. After experimental research and data analysis, the influence of ultrasonic sound intensity, frequency, and position on heat transfer, flow resistance, and comprehensive performance of heat exchange tube under different working conditions and without ultrasonic wave is studied. The results show that the ultrasonic enhanced heat transfer and drag reduction capacity increases with the decrease of ultrasonic frequency, and under the action of ultrasonic waves of different frequencies, the critical sound intensity of its enhanced heat transfer and drag reduction performance is different. The drag reduction performance of the ultrasonic heat exchange tube is increased by 18.41%, the heat transfer performance is increased by 36.53%, and the overall performance is increased by 20.57%.
Cation Vacancy‐Mediated Ultrafast Hole Transport in CuBi2O4 Photocathodes
Authors: Ardalı Emir , Jahangiri Hadi , Solati Navid , Yahsi Ugur , Tav Cumali , Sennaroglu Alphan , Kaya Sarp 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAs a promising photocathode candidate, tetragonal CuBi2O4 (CBO) has been studied extensively in recent years. As an intrinsically p‐type material, its acceptor sites originate from the cation vacancies, which are also a potential cause of hindered hole utilization in photocathodes. In this study, the ultrafast transport dynamics of the valence band hole states in CBO photocathodes were investigated by varying their atomic composition and manipulating the p‐type character. As a comprehensive ultrafast optical transient absorption spectroscopy (TAS) investigation of compositionally manipulated CBO that combines both ex situ and in situ TAS experiments with photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance tests, the study reveals the polaron formation tendencies of the valence band (VB) holes at cationic vacancy sites. Therefore, it draws a complete picture of the ultrafast hole transport dynamics and provides valuable insights into the hindrance of the photocurrent generated in CBO.
Electrocatalysts for the Formation of Hydrogen Peroxide by Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Yuan Ke , Li Hong , Gu Xindi , Zheng Yalei , Wu Xiaodong , Zhao Yihe , Zhou Jiejie , Cui Sheng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a widely used strong oxidant, and its traditional preparation methods, anthraquinone method, and direct synthesis method, have many drawbacks. The method of producing H2O2 by two‐electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e− ORR) is considered an alternative strategy for the traditional anthraquinone method due to its high efficiency, energy saving, and environmental friendliness, but it remains a big challenge. In this review, we have described the mechanism of ORR and the principle of electrocatalytic performance testing, and have summarized the standard performance evaluation techniques for electrocatalysts to produce H2O2. Secondly, according to the theoretical calculation and experimental results, several kinds of efficient electrocatalysts are introduced. It is concluded that noble metal‐based materials, carbon‐based materials, non‐noble metal composites, and single‐atom catalysts are the preferred catalyst materials for the preparation of H2O2 by 2e− ORR. Finally, the advantages and novelty of 2e− ORR compared with traditional methods for H2O2 production, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the above‐mentioned high‐efficiency catalysts, are summarized. The application prospect and development direction of high‐efficiency catalysts for H2O2 production by 2e− ORR has been prospected, which is of great significance for promoting the electrochemical yield of H2O2 and developing green chemical production.
Relativistic and Heavy Ion Effects on Single‐ and Multi‐Soliton Structures of Ion‐Acoustic Waves
Authors: Bhuyan Muhammad Shahnewaz , Imon Umma , Alam Mohammad Shah 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe fundamental characteristics of ion‐acoustic waves (IAWs) due to the relativistic effects are investigated in a collisionless unmagnetized plasma system consisting of relativistic positively charged inertial heavy ions, kappa‐distributed electrons, and Maxwellian light ions. The reductive perturbation method (RPM) is used to derive the nonlinear evolution equation like the Korteweg‐de Vries (KdV) equation. The production of single‐, double‐, and triple‐IAW solitons (IAWSs) is also investigated. It is found that for the effects of concerned parameters only rarefactive (IAWSs) are produced. The results obtained in this study are useful not only to understand the space plasma phenomena such as plasma sheet boundary layer of earth's magnetosphere, laser‐plasma interaction, but also to validate the laboratory experiments.
Using Rhodamine to Tag Mites for Studies of Pre‐ and Post‐Copulatory Sexual Selection
Authors: Shavrova Anastasia J. , Buzatto Bruno A. , Kasumovic Michael M. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTOur understanding of sexual selection is advancing with new technologies that tag individuals or their sperm, revealing how females use post‐copulatory processes to discriminate between competing mates. Many tagging methods have been devised primarily for model insect organisms like Drosophila or Gryllidae. Developing such novel methods, however, is expensive and requires intensive investment. In this experiment, we trial the use of Rhodamine B (RhB) and Rhodamine 110 (Rh110) in a small arachnid, the bulb mite Rhizoglyphus echinopus, for pre‐ and post‐copulatory observations as it is a relatively inexpensive and simple way to tag individuals and their ejaculate proteins. First, we tested whether RhB and Rh110 applied to food can be used as a tagging method to track and distinguish between individuals. Second, we explored whether Rhodamine applied in this way can be used to track sperm transfer. We found that both tagging probes worked well in tagging individuals and that we were able to distinguish between individuals using both LED and fluorescent microscopy. We also found that Rhodamine degraded rapidly in the animals, likely due to their fast metabolism. Due to the rapid degradation, we observed variable results in the sperm transfer trials. We suggest multiple uses for Rhodamine and highlight other invertebrates where this method may come into use for the study of sexual selection.
Optimization of condensing tray shapes for a multi‐effect solar still coupled with parabolic solar collectors for domestic wastewater treatment: A comparative study
Authors: Ahmad Akhlaq , Khan Zahid Mahmood , Farid Hafiz Umar 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe issue of water depletion emerged as a life‐threatening problem for the world due to urbanization, groundwater over‐extraction, industrialization, and global warming. Current study aimed to address this issue by proposing a solution to distill wastewater using a multi‐effect solar still. The study optimizes two condensation tray shapes, U and V, based on the yield produced and the temperatures achieved. Two solar still units with four stages of U and V‐shaped trays were connected to a parabolic solar collector. To determine the optimal tray shapes, a rigorous optimization process was carried out using SolidWorks 2020. The optimization process yielded optimum heat flux values of 3.04e01 and 2.84e01 W/m2 for U and V‐shaped trays, respectively. Higher the value of heat flux suggested more energy available for condensation. Which was corroborated by physical findings that the U‐shaped condensation tray was more efficient, producing an average per day yield of 2.519 L/m2 h compared to the V‐shaped tray's yield of 2.041 L/m2 h. The findings provide strong evidence that the U‐shape is a better tray shape for condensation purposes. Maximum yield for both units was observed during the peak temperature time between (13:00–15:00 h), indicating a direct correlation between yield and atmospheric temperature.
Burden of major cancers in China attributable to modifiable risk factors: Predictions from 2012 to 2035
Authors: Pei Wei , Li Jia , Lei Shengxi , Nie Shaofa , Liu Li 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe cancer burden continues to escalate in China. This study was designed to quantify the burden of deaths attributable to modifiable risk factors for major cancers in China from 2012 to 2035, and to provide evidence‐based recommendations for cancer management. Using nationally representative data on risk factors and cancer mortality, a comparative risk assessment approach was employed to calculate the temporal trend of population‐attributable fractions (PAFs) for 15 modifiable risk factors associated with major cancers in China. The PAF for modifiable risk factors decreased from 64.5% (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 46.2%–75.3%) in 2012 to 59.3% (95% UI: 40.6%–71.2%) in 2035. Attributable deaths increased from 1,309,990 (95% UI: 938,217–1,529,170) in 2012 to 1,313,418 (95% UI: 898,411–1,577,189) in 2035, while attributable disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs) rose from 28,488,120 (95% UI: 20,471,859–33,308,237) to 33,017,705 (95% UI: 22,730,814–39,564,735). Between 2012 and 2035, the top three risk factors contributing to cancer burden shifted from smoking, insufficient fruit intake and particulate matter <2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) exposure to smoking, physical inactivity, and inadequate fruit intake. Controlling modifiable risk factors at recommended levels by 2020 could have prevented around 890,000 deaths and 2.2 million DALYs by 2035. The proportion of cancer burden due to modifiable risk factors is projected to decrease, but the absolute number continues to rise. Adhering to an optimal lifestyle could prevent ~40% of cancer deaths by 2035. Key modifiable risk factors including smoking, physical inactivity, and insufficient intake of fruits require high attention.
Prior antibiotics, proton pump inhibitors, and probiotics in patients with extensive stage small cell lung cancer treated with immune checkpoint blockade: A post‐hoc analysis of the phase I/III IMpower 133 trial
Authors: Takada Kazuki , Takamori Shinkichi , Shimokawa Mototsugu , Pinato David J. , Cortellini Alessio 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe potential impact of concomitant medications such as systemic antibiotics, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), and probiotics in patients with extensive‐stage small cell lung cancer (ES‐SCLC) receiving first‐line chemo‐immunotherapy combinations remains unclear. We ran a post hoc analysis of the IMpower133 phase I/III trial, which randomized patients with ES‐SCLC to receive carboplatin/etoposide with either atezolizumab or placebo for 4 cycles, followed by maintenance therapy. We included any systemic antibiotic/probiotic exposure within 42 days prior to treatment initiation and any PPIs treatment within 30 days prior to treatment initiation. We explored the potential prognostic impact of antibiotics, PPIs and probiotics across the atezolizumab/chemotherapy and placebo/chemotherapy arms including the multivariable interaction term between the treatment modality and antibiotics/PPIs/probiotics. The analysis included 198 patients in the atezolizumab/chemotherapy arm and 195 in the placebo/chemotherapy arm. Baseline clinic‐pathologic features were well balanced between the two cohorts, with 17 (8.6%) and 14 (7.2%) patients on antibiotics, 43 (21.7%) and 55 (28.2%) on PPIs, and 3 (1.5%) and 5 (2.6%) on probiotics among the atezolizumab/chemotherapy and placebo/chemotherapy cohorts, respectively. Exposure to antibiotics, PPIs, or probiotics was not associated with overall survival or progression free survival in either cohort. Furthermore, interaction terms between these medications and treatment modalities were not statistically significant. Baseline use of antibiotics, PPIs or probiotics did not influence clinical outcomes in patients with ES‐SCLC treated with first‐line atezolizumab/placebo plus chemotherapy, suggesting that they may not have a notable impact on clinical outcomes and could be considered for use in this patient population when necessary.
Numerical simulation of electrically pumped active vertical‐cavity surface‐emitting lasers diodes based on metal halide perovskite
Authors: Liu Renjun , Ji Hong , Othman Diyar Mousa , Osypiw Alexander R. C. , Solari William , Ming Wenlong , Sohn Jung Inn , Shin Jae Cheol , Hou Bo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMetal halide perovskites (MHP)‐based electrically pumped vertical‐cavity surface‐emitting lasers (EPVCSEL) are promising candidates in optoelectronics due to low‐carbon footprint solution processing method. However, significant challenges impede MHP‐EPVCSEL manufacturing: (1) Distributed Bragg Reflectors (DBRs) composed of typical electron transport layers (ETLs) and hole transport layers (HTLs) are not conductive enough. (2) Due to large mobility difference of typical ETLs and HTLs, carriers‐unbalanced injection leads to severe performance degradation. Herein, we propose a potential strategy to address such challenges using MAPbCl3 and CsSnCl3 as carrier transport layers with mobility 3 orders larger than typical ETLs and HTLs. Via transfer matrix method calculations, we find that the reflectance of DBRs composed of MAPbCl3 (130.5 nm)/CsSnCl3 (108 nm) is larger than 91% with 10 pairs of DBRs. Furthermore, the proposed EPVCSEL device simulation shows that MHP‐EPVCSEL has the potential to achieve room temperature continuous wave lasing with a threshold current density of ∼69 A cm−2 and output optical power ∼10−4 W. This work can provide a deep insight into the practical realization of MHP‐EPVCSEL.
Minimized‐rate topramezone programs for goosegrass [Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.] control in Florida
Authors: Joseph Mikerly M. , Gawron Katarzyna A. , MacDonald Gregory E. , Petelewicz Pawel 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGoosegrass [Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.] is one of the most troublesome warm‐season grassy weeds in subtropical climates of the southern United States. Currently, postemergence options are highly limited, and goosegrass control (GC) becomes more difficult as plants mature. Among current options, topramezone can control mature goosegrass. Research conducted in Florida suggests that despite seemingly effective control, recovery may be occurring from surviving roots. Therefore, this study assessed strategies aimed to ensure the persistent removal of mature goosegrass populations of Florida ecotypes. Two greenhouse studies were conducted to evaluate the response of goosegrass at one to three tillers and 4–10 tillers to topramezone applied once at rates from 0.8 to 12.2 g a.i. ha−1 (study 1) and at total rate reduced to 6.1 g a.i. ha−1 applied once or equally divided into two, four, or eight biweekly applications (study 2). Single topramezone applications at 6.1 g a.i. ha−1 provided comparable GC and biomass reduction to single applications at 12.2 g a.i. ha−1. Reduced rate‐based split‐programs of two and four biweekly applications improved GC and its persistence over a single application as evidenced by a >250 increase in GC area under the progress curve and a >20 days increase in days over 80% GC. Among the proposed extended application programs based on the reduced effective rate of topramezone, the most promising consists of four biweekly applications at a 0.125× rate, equivalent to 1.53 g a.i. ha−1.