bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploiting Lithium‐Depleted Cathode Materials for Solid‐State Li Metal Batteries
Authors: Wang Li‐Ping , Wang Tai‐Shan , Yin Ya‐Xia , Shi Ji‐Lei , Wang Chun‐Ru , Guo Yu‐Guo 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSolid‐state lithium metal batteries (SSLMBs) may become one of the high‐energy density storage devices for the next generation of electric vehicles. High safety and energy density can be achieved by utilizing solid electrolytes and Li metal anodes. Therefore, developing cathode materials which can match with Li metal anode efficiently is indispensable. In SSLMBs, Li metal anodes can afford the majority of active lithium ions, then lithium‐depleted cathode materials can be a competitive candidate to achieve high gravimetric energy density as well as save lithium resources. Li0.33MnO2 lithium‐depleted material is chosen, which also has the advantages of low synthesis temperature and low cost (cobalt‐free). Notably, solid‐state electrolyte can greatly alleviate the problem of manganese dissolution in the electrolyte, which is beneficial to improve the cycling stability of the battery. Thus, SSLMBs enable practical applications of lithium‐depleted cathode materials.
Tailoring of Metal Boride Morphology via Anion for Efficient Water Oxidation
Authors: Nsanzimana Jean Marie Vianney , Gong Lanqian , Dangol Raksha , Reddu Vikas , Jose Vishal , Xia Bao Yu , Yan Qingyu , Lee Jong‐Min , Wang Xin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe metal‐metalloid materials have received a massive interest as oxygen‐evolving catalysts due to their ability for charge transfer between different elements and modified electronic structures lowering the kinetic energy barriers of the electrochemical processes. Herein, a facile and systematic preparation of metal borides by chemical reduction is reported, with morphologies ranging from nanoparticles to nanosheets which is driven by a careful selection of metal salts solution. The iron doping in cobalt boride nanosheets is found to be an effective approach to further tune the water oxidation activity. The as‐prepared catalyst exhibited superior oxygen evolution performance in 1.0 m KOH as the optimized ternary CoFe boride needs an overpotential of 265 mV to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm−2 at a mass loading of 0.3 mg cm−2.
Play with objects in children with arthrogryposis: Effects of intervention with the Playskin Lift™ exoskeletal garment
Authors: Babik Iryna , Cunha Andrea B. , Lobo Michele A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractChildren with arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) often exhibit arm movement impairments that can negatively impact activities of daily living, such as reaching, object exploration, object play, and self‐care. This study evaluated the effects of intervention involving the Playskin Lift™ (Playskin) exoskeletal garment on arm function during object play for children with AMC. Seventeen children with AMC (5 males; 6–35 months at the beginning of the study) were tested in their homes biweekly with and without the Playskin throughout a 1‐month Baseline, 4‐month Intervention, and 1‐month Post‐Intervention. Within sessions (assistive effects), children contacted and manipulated objects more while wearing the Playskin; they also showed greater intensity, complexity, and variability of behaviors performed during free play, as well as increased play space and reduced number of compensatory arm and trunk flings to facilitate reaching. Across time (rehabilitative effects), children significantly improved their visual–manual coupling as well as their ability to lift objects from a surface and to manipulate objects using one hand; in addition, children exhibited greater multimodality, variability, and intensity of their play behaviors. Current results suggest the Playskin Lift™ may serve as an effective assistive and rehabilitative device to improve play for children with arm movement impairments.
Multipartite Quantum Clock Synchronization under The Influence of Unruh Thermal Noise
Authors: Zhang Li , Jing Jiliang , Fan Heng , Wang Jieci 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA protocol for multipartite quantum clock synchronization is performed under the influence of Unruh thermal noise. The dynamics of multipartite quantum system consisting of Unruh–DeWitt detectors when one of the detectors is accelerated are obtained. To estimate the time difference between the clocks, the time probability is calculated and how the probability is influenced by the Unruh thermal noise and other factors is analyzed. It is shown that both relativistic motion and interaction between the atom and the external scalar field affect the choice of optimal number of excited atoms in the initial state, which leads to a higher clock adjustment accuracy. Time probabilities for different types of initial states approach the same value in the limit of infinite acceleration, while tend to different minimums with increasing number of atoms. In addition, the accuracy of clock synchronization using a pair of entangled clocks in two‐party system is always higher than in a multipartite system, while the optimal Z‐type multipartite initial state always performs better than the W‐type state.
The Scattering Problem in PT‐Symmetric Periodic Structures of 1D Two‐Material Waveguide Networks
Authors: Wu Huizhou , Yang Xiangbo , Tang Yan , Tang Xiaopeng , Deng Dongmei , Liu Hongzhan , Wei Zhongchao 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA PT‐symmetric periodic structure with two‐material waveguide networks is constructed. In this study, how changing the number of cells affects the transmission properties is investigated. The results show that the PT‐unbroken (broken) region of the system is only determined by the cell structure, regardless of the number of unit cells. This means that any system has the same exceptional points (EPs), regardless of the number of cells and as long as the cell structure is consistent. In addition, it is confirmed that the coherent perfect absorbers and lasers (CPA lasers) occur in our model. The transfer matrix method is used to derive a sufficient condition for achieving the CPA laser point. A simple, effective formula for predicting the CPA laser state in an N unit cell system is derived.
Development of Chemo‐ and Enantioselective Palladium‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation of α‐Nitroesters
Authors: Trost Barry M. , Schultz Johnathan E. , Bai Yu 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWe describe the development of a Pd‐catalyzed decarboxylative asymmetric allylic alkylation of α‐nitro allyl esters to afford acyclic tetrasubstituted nitroalkanes. Optimization of the reaction parameters revealed unique ligand and solvent combinations crucial for achieving chemo‐ and enantioselective C‐alkylation of electronically challenging benzylic nitronates and sterically encumbered 2‐allyl esters. Substrates were efficiently accessed in a combinatorial fashion by a cross‐Claisen/ α‐arylation sequence. The method provides functional group orthogonality that complements nucleophilic imine allylation strategies for α‐tertiary amine synthesis.
Engineering Donor–Acceptor Heterostructure Metal–Organic Framework Crystals for Photonic Logic Computation
Authors: Liu Xiao‐Ting , Wang Kang , Chang Ze , Zhang Ying‐Hui , Xu Jialiang , Zhao Yong Sheng , Bu Xian‐He 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPhotonic materials use photons as information carriers and offer the potential for unprecedented applications in optical and optoelectronic devices. In this study, we introduce a new strategy for photonic materials using metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) as the host for the rational construction of donor–acceptor (D–A) heterostructure crystals. We have engineered a rich library of heterostructure crystals using the MOF NKU‐111 as a host. NKU‐111 is based upon an electron‐deficient tridentate ligand (acceptor) that can bind to various electron‐rich guests (donors). The resulting heterocrystals exhibit spatially segregated multi‐color emission resulting from the guest‐dependent charge‐transfer (CT) emission. Spatially effective mono‐directional energy transfer results from tuning the energy gradient between adjacent domains through the selection of donor guest molecules, which suggests potential applications in integrated optical circuit devices, for example, photonic diodes, on‐chip signal processing, optical logic gates.
Stereospecific 1,4‐Metallate Shift Enables Stereoconvergent Synthesis of Ketoximes
Authors: Yang Kai , Zhang Feng , Fang Tongchang , Zhang Guan , Song Qiuling 
Published: June 2019

AbstractReported herein is a stereospecific 1,4‐metallate rearrangement for single‐geometry ketoxime synthesis from oxime chlorides and arylboronic acids. This strategy exhibits broad substrate scope with excellent stereoselectivity under mild reaction conditions. In comparison with the conventional approaches, each configuration of unsymmetric diaryl oximes, as well as the thermodynamically less stable Z isomer of aryl alkyl ketoximes can be selectively and exclusively obtained. The reactivities of unsymmetric diaryl oximes and the Z isomer of aryl alkyl oximes, a class of underexplored molecules, enables efficient access to the corresponding isoquinolines, isoquinoline N‐oxides, and amides having a single configuration.
Recycling of crosslinked high‐density polyethylene through compression molding
Authors: dos Santos Jardel Nobrega , Jayaraman Raghavan 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTCrosslinkable high‐density polyethylene (XHDPE) is used to manufacture large and rigid products such as fuel tanks using rotomolding. Currently, defective and postconsumer parts are not recycled and sent to landfills. Hence, recycling of this material through compression molding is the objective of this study. Thermal analysis revealed that the extent of crosslinking varied across the thickness of the rotomolded part due to the role played by oxygen in air. Despite the crosslinking, the recycled XHDPE (RXHDPE) could be remelted with higher viscosity than the virgin XHDPE (VXHDPE). Consolidation studies indicated that both the RXHDPE and the VXHDPE could be compression molded to a density of 0.952 g cm−3. However, higher consolidation stress is required for the RXHDPE when compared to the VXHDPE to realize the same density. The RXHDPE, compression molded at 1.6 MPa and 230 °C, had properties similar to those of the VXHDPE molded at 0.32 MPa. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48145.
Fabrication and properties of elastic fibers from electrospinning natural rubber
Authors: Li Yongzhen , Wang Xungai , Peng Zheng , Li Puwang , Li Chengpeng , Kong Lingxue 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTElectrospinning natural rubber (NR) to get elastic nano‐/microfibers has attracted much attention. Suitable solvent such as tetrahydrofuran (THF) was selected by considering solubility, toxicity, and electrospinning results. Dynamic light scattering testing was used to measure the hydrodynamic diameter (Dh) of the solutions with different solvents and the critical concentrations (C*) of NR/THF solution. For NR solutions with the same concentration from different solvents, the larger Dh the solution, the larger the electrospun fiber diameter. Stable electrospinning concentration window ranging from 25 to 50 g/L, which corresponds to 38 > [ŋ]C > 19, was identified. Mechanical properties of both electrospun NR fiber mats and single fibers were estimated from tensile testing. Fibrous mats with excellent elasticity at about 439 to 505% elongation were demonstrated; however, the elongation rate of single fibers was 44%. Electrospun fiber mats with high elasticity of NR materials can be potentially used in soft tissue engineering and strain sensor areas. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48153.
Fine‐tuning of phase behavior of oxazoline copolymer‐based organic–inorganic hybrids as solid‐supported sol–gel materials
Authors: Gupta Surabhi , Kataoka Tomoharu , Watanabe Masao , Ishikiriyama Mamoru , Matsumi Noriyoshi 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTSilica‐supported organic–inorganic polymer hybrids were synthesized via in situ sol–gel condensation of silica monomer in the presence of oxazoline copolymer. A stable copolymer of 2‐ethyl‐2‐oxaoline and 2‐isopropyl‐2‐oxazoline was prepared using methyl p‐tosylate as the living polymerization initiator with molecular mass of 4200 g mol−1. Lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of this copolymer was thermally found to be at 77 °C. The copolymer was mixed with tetramethoxysilane (TMOS) in different amounts (0.039:1 to 0.158:1 weight ratios) via in situ sol–gel condensation to produce organic–inorganic hybrids including thermosensitive copolymer. Tuning of these solid‐supported materials showed sharp phase transitions changes in a temperature range from 42 to 58 °C, which was confirmed using differential scanning calorimetry. Enthalpy of the phase transition was also calculated using the area above the endothermic peak. A typical concave curve was obtained for LCST‐type phase diagram suggesting the dependence of phase transition temperature on the concentration of the copolymer in the hybrid. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48163.
Cost‐effective synthesis of polyricinoleate: Investigation of coating characteristics,in vitrodegradation, and antibacterial activity
Authors: Tonta Magdalena Maria , Aydemir Sezer Umran , Olmez Hulya , Gurek Ayse Gul , Sezer Serdar 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTRicinoleic acid (RA) is a component of various bio‐based copolymers. However, high‐molecular weight polyricinoleate homopolymers are not widely investigated due to high cost of commercial monomer and catalysts. In this work, we present low‐cost approach for the synthesis of high‐molecular‐weight polyricinoleate by preparing large amount of pure monomer and use of lipozyme TL IM as catalyst. First, polymerization conditions were optimized and comparative studies of medium‐molecular‐weight polyricinoleate (PRA‐M) of Mw= 30 000 gmol−1and high‐molecular‐weight polyricinoleate (PRA‐H) of Mw= 72 000 gmol−1were conducted. Polyricinoleates were characterized by common spectroscopic, chromatographic, and thermal methods. Solvent casting of polyricinoleates resulted in thin and continuous coating with perfectly smooth surface under SEM observation. AFM analysis of PRA films showed that surface roughness decreased with increasing molecular weight of polyricinoleate (roughness PRA‐M = 68.39 nm and PRA‐H = 57.36 nm). Degradation studies under in vitro conditions showed that both PRA‐M and PRA‐H showed good stability with only ~2% of mass loss after 6 months, possibly due to its hydrophobic nature and relatively high‐molecular weight. In contrast to RA, PRA‐M and PRA‐H do not have significant antibacterial effect onStaphylococcus aureusandEscherichia coli. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2019,136, 48172.
Antibacterial films with enhanced physical properties based on poly (vinyl alcohol) and halogen aminated‐graphene oxide
Authors: Pan Nengyu , Li Zhiguang , Ren Xuehong , Huang Tung‐Shi 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTGraphene oxide (GO) nanosheets as great nanofiller have been utilized for the enhancement of a polymer matrix. In this work, polymeric N‐halamine poly[5,5‐dimethyl‐3‐(3′‐triethoxysilylpropyl)hydantoin] (PSPH) was covalently grafted onto GO, which was denoted as GO‐PSPH. The chlorinated GO‐PSPH (GP‐Cl) was then mixed with poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solution to obtain the PVA/GP‐Cl hybrid films. The as‐prepared hybrid films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectra. Compared with PVA film, the addition of GP‐Cl into PVA matrix endowed the film with enhanced thermal and mechanical properties, and the crystallinity, tensile strength, and Young's modulus increased by 45, 21, and 246%, respectively. It can be deduced that the interfacial interaction between PVA matrix and GP‐Cl nanosheets was the crucial factor for the physical enhancement. Furthermore, the synergistic effect between GO and polymeric N‐halamine greatly improved the antibacterial activities of the hybrid films with 3.95 logs reduction of Staphylococcus aureus and 4.53 logs reduction of Escherichia coli O157:H7 with 30 min of contact time, respectively. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48176.
Optimizing the Performance of Chromatographic Separations Using Microfluidics: Multiplexed and Quantitative Screening of Ligands and Target Molecules
Authors: Pinto Inês F. , Soares Ruben R. G. , Aires‐Barros Maria R. , Chu Virginia , Conde João P. , Azevedo Ana M. 
Published: June 2019

The optimization of chromatography ligands for the purification of biopharmaceuticals is highly demanded to meet the needs of the pharmaceutical industry. In the case of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), synthetic ligands comprising multiple types of interactions (multimodal) provide process and economic advantages compared to protein‐based affinity ligands. However, optimizing the operation window of these ligands requires the development of effective high‐throughput screening platforms. Here, a novel microfluidics‐based methodology to perform rapid and multiplexed screening of various multimodal ligands relative to their ability to bind different target molecules is demonstrated. The microfluidic structure comprises three individual chambers (≈8 nL each) packed with different types of chromatography beads in series with the feed flow. An artificial mixture composed of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and bovine serum albumin, labeled with different thiol‐reactive neutral fluorescent dyes, is used as a model to quantitatively optimize the performance (yield and purity) of the separation. This approach can potentially be used as a predictive analytical tool in the context of mAb purification, allowing low consumption of molecules and providing results in <3 min. Furthermore, this versatile approach can potentially be extended not only with respect to the number of different resins and target molecules, but also for parallel analysis of multiple conditions.
Design of a microaerobically inducible replicon for high‐yield plasmid DNA production
Authors: Jaén Karim E. , Velázquez Daniela , Sigala Juan‐Carlos , Lara Alvaro R. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA pUC‐derived replicon inducible by oxygen limitation was designed and tested in fed‐batch cultures of Escherichia coli. It included the addition of a second inducible copy of rnaII, the positive replication control element. The rnaII gene was expressed from Ptrc and cloned into pUC18 to test the hypothesis that the ratio of the positive control molecule RNAII to the negative control element, RNAI, was the determinant of plasmid copy number per chromosome (PCN). The construct was evaluated in several E. coli strains. Evaluations of the RNAII/RNAI ratio, PCN and plasmid yield normalized to biomass (YpDNA/X) were performed and the initial hypothesis was probed. Furthermore, in high cell‐density cultures in shake flasks, an outstanding amount of 126 mg/L of plasmid was produced. The microaerobically inducible plasmid was obtained by cloning the rnaII gene under the control of the oxygen‐responsive Vitreoscilla stercoraria hemoglobin promoter. For this plasmid, but not for pUC18, the RNAII/RNAI ratio, PCN and YpDNA/X efficiently increased after the shift to the microaerobic regime in fed‐batch cultures in a 1 L bioreactor. The YpDNA/X of the inducible plasmid reached 12 mg/g at the end of the fed‐batch but the original pUC18 only reached ca. 6 mg/g. The proposed plasmid is a valuable alternative for the operation and scale‐up of plasmid DNA production processes in which mass transfer limitations will not represent an issue.
Intensity‐Modulated Proton and Carbon‐Ion Radiation Therapy in the Management of Head and Neck Sarcomas
Authors: Yang Jing , Gao Jing , Qiu Xianxin , Hu Jiyi , Hu Weixu , Wu Xiaodong , Zhang Chenping , Ji Tong , Kong Lin , Lu Jiade J. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPurposeWe report our experience of intensity‐modulated proton and carbon‐ion radiotherapy (IMPT/IMCT) for head and neck sarcomas (HNS).Methods and MaterialsAn analysis of the ongoing prospective data registry from the Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center (SPHIC) for patients with HNS was conducted. The 12‐ and 24‐month rates of local recurrence‐free, overall, distant metastasis‐free, progression‐free survival (LRFS, OS, DMFS, and PFS), and acute/late toxicities were calculated. The prognostic factors for the effectiveness of the treatment were also analyzed.ResultsBetween 7/2014 and 5/2018, 51 consecutive patients with HNS received definitive doses of IMCT (41 cases), IMPT (two cases), or their combination (eight cases). One patient had R0 resection and another treated on the Chinese Food and Drug Administration registration trial received IMPT only. Twenty‐seven patients were treated according to various dose escalation trials or institutional protocols using IMCT or IMPT + IMCT boost. Twenty‐two patients with locoregional recurrence (10 and four patients failed surgery or surgery followed by radiotherapy, respectively) or radiation‐induced second primary sarcomas (eight patients) received salvage particle radiotherapy. With a median follow‐up time of 15.7 months, four patients with second primary sarcoma died. The 1‐ and 2‐year OS, PFS, LRFS, and DMFS rates for the entire cohort were 92.9% vs 90%, 73.6% vs 57.4%, 88.4% vs 78.9%, and 84.6% vs 76.5%, respectively. Those rates for patients without prior radiotherapy were 100% vs 100%, 82.1% vs 65.8%, 93.6% vs 85.3%, and 88.4% vs 79.5%, respectively. Multivariate analyses revealed that re‐irradiation was an independent prognostic factor for both LRFS and PFS (P = 0.015 and 0.037, respectively). In addition, gross tumor volume (GTV) was an independent prognostic factor for PFS (P = 0.048). One patient experienced Grade 3 acute toxicity (oral mucositis); another experienced Grade 4 acute event (hemorrhage) which required embolization. He lately died from hemorrhage (Grade 5) at 3.4 months after the completion of treatment. No patient experienced radiation‐induced acute/late toxicity of ≥ Grade 2 otherwise.ConclusionWith few observed acute/late toxicities, IMPT/IMCT provided effective short‐term tumor control in our patients with HNS. Further investigations, preferably in a prospective fashion, will be required to confirm the efficacy and toxicities of IMPT/IMCT in this group of patients.