bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling concrete exposed to high temperature: Impact of dehydration and retention curves on moisture migration
Authors: Dauti D. , Dal Pont S. , Weber B. , Briffaut M. , Toropovs N. , Wyrzykowski M. , Sciumé G. 
Published: June 2018

SummaryHigh‐performance concrete is a widely used building material for tunnels, high‐rise buildings, nuclear plants etc. When these structures are exposed to fire, high‐performance concrete is prone to spalling. Moisture migration is believed to be one of the processes directly related to this phenomenon. In this paper, moisture profiles measured experimentally from neutron radiography on heated concrete are compared with results from a numerical model implemented in the finite element code Cast3M. The water loss measured experimentally, and the numerical results suggest that the commonly used constitutive laws for dehydration and water retention curves need to be reconsidered. The influence of these constitutive laws on the moisture migration is investigated. The dehydration constitutive law plays an important role on the dehydration front but has negligible effect on the moisture accumulation behind this front. By contrast, the water retention curves do not influence the dehydration front but affect the quantity and location of water condensation. The role of the permeability is also discussed.
Long‐acting opioid initiation in US nursing homes
Authors: Hunnicutt Jacob N. , Hume Anne L. , Ulbricht Christine M. , Tjia Jennifer , Lapane Kate L. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPurposeTo estimate the proportion of residents newly initiating long‐acting opioids in comparison to residents initiating short‐acting opioids and examine variation in long‐acting opioid initiation by region and resident characteristics.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included 182 735 long‐stay nursing home residents in 13 881 US nursing homes who were Medicare beneficiaries during 2011 to 2013 and initiated a short‐acting or long‐acting opioid (excluding residents <50 years old, those with cancer, or receiving hospice care). Medicare Part D prescription claims were used to identify residents as newly initiating short‐acting or long‐acting opioids, defined as having a prescription claim for an opioid with no prior opioid prescriptions in the preceding 60 days. We estimated the overall proportion of initiators prescribed long‐acting opioids. Regional variation was examined by mapping results by state and hospital referral regions. Logistic models were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsTwo percent of opioid initiators were prescribed long‐acting opioids. State variation in long‐acting opioid initiation ranged from 0.6% to 7.5% (5th‐95th percentiles: 0.6‐6.4%). Resident characteristics associated with increased long‐acting opioid initiation included severe physical limitations (vs none/mild limitations; aOR: 2.13, 95% CI: 1.92‐2.37) and pain (staff‐assessed vs no pain; aOR: 1.59 95% CI: 1.40‐1.80), whereas being non‐White was inversely associated (non‐Hispanic black vs non‐Hispanic white; aOR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.62‐0.79).ConclusionUnited States nursing home residents predominantly initiate short‐acting opioids in accordance with Center for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines. Documented variation by geographic and resident characteristics suggests that improvements are possible.
Methodological challenges in assessment of current use of warfarin among patients with atrial fibrillation using dispensation data from administrative health care databases
Authors: Sinyavskaya Liliya , Matteau Alexis , Johnson Sarasa , Durand Madeleine 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPurposeAlgorithms to define current exposure to warfarin using administrative data may be imprecise. Study objectives were to characterize dispensation patterns, to measure gaps between expected and observed refill dates for warfarin and direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs).MethodsRetrospective cohort study using administrative health care databases of the Régie de l'assurance‐maladie du Québec. We identified every dispensation of warfarin, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, or apixaban for patients with AF initiating oral anticoagulants between 2010 and 2015. For each dispensation, we extracted date and duration. Refill gaps were calculated as difference between expected and observed dates of successive dispensation. Refill gaps were summarized using descriptive statistics. To account for repeated observations nested within patients and to assess the components of variance of refill gaps, we used unconditional multilevel linear models.ResultsWe identified 61 516 new users. Majority were prescribed warfarin (60.3%), followed by rivaroxaban (16.4%), dabigatran (14.5%), apixaban (8.8%). Most frequent recorded duration of dispensation was 7 days, suggesting use of pharmacist‐prepared weekly pillboxes. The average refill gap from multilevel model was higher for warfarin (9.28 days, 95%CI:8.97‐9.59) compared with DOACs (apixaban 3.08 days, 95%CI: 2.96‐3.20, dabigatran 3.70, 95%CI: 3.56‐3.84, rivaroxaban 3.15, 95%CI: 3.03‐3.27). The variance of refill gaps was greater among warfarin users than among DOAC users.ConclusionsGreater refill gaps for warfarin may reflect inadequate capture of the period covered by the number of dispensed pills recorded in administrative data. A time‐dependent definition of exposure using dispensation data would lead to greater misclassification of warfarin than DOACs use.
Elucidating potential‐induced degradation in bifacial PERC silicon photovoltaic modules
Authors: Luo Wei , Hacke Peter , Terwilliger Kent , Liang Tian Shen , Wang Yan , Ramakrishna Seeram , Aberle Armin G. , Khoo Yong Sheng 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis paper elucidates the behavior and underlying mechanism of potential‐induced degradation (PID) on the rear side of p‐type monocrystalline silicon bifacial passivated emitter and rear cell (PERC) photovoltaic modules. At 50°C, 30% relative humidity, and −1000 V bias to the solar cells with aluminium foil on the rear glass surface, the rear‐side performance of bifacial PERC modules at standard testing conditions degraded dramatically after 40 hours with a 40.4%, 36.2%, and 7.2% loss in maximum power (Pmpp), short‐circuit current (Isc), and open‐circuit voltage (Voc), respectively. The front‐side standard testing condition performance, on the other hand, showed less degradation; Pmpp, Isc, and Voc dropped by 12.0%, 5.2%, and 5.3%, respectively. However, negligible degradation was observed when the solar cells were positively biased. Based on I‐V characteristics, electroluminescence, external quantum efficiency measurements, and the effective minority‐carrier lifetime simulation, the efficiency loss is shown to be caused by the surface polarization effect; positive charges are attracted to the passivation/antireflection stack on the rear surface and reduce its field effect passivation performance. Extended PID testing to 100 hours showed an increase in device performances (relative to 40 hours) due to the formation of an inversion layer along the rear surface. In addition, replacing ethylene‐vinyl acetate copolymer with polyolefin elastomer films significantly slows down the progression of PID, whereas a glass/transparent backsheet design effectively protects the rear side of bifacial PERC modules from PID. Furthermore, PID on the rear side of bifacial PERC modules is fully recoverable, and light greatly promotes recovery of the observed PID.
Nonpolar residues in the presumptive pore‐lining helix of mechanosensitive channel MSL10 influence channel behavior and establish a nonconducting function
Authors: Maksaev Grigory , Shoots Jennette M. , Ohri Simran , Haswell Elizabeth S. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMechanosensitive (MS) ion channels provide a universal mechanism for sensing and responding to increased membrane tension. MscS‐like (MSL) 10 is a relatively well‐studied MS ion channel from Arabidopsis thaliana that is implicated in cell death signaling. The relationship between the amino acid sequence of MSL10 and its conductance, gating tension, and opening and closing kinetics remains unstudied. Here, we identify several nonpolar residues in the presumptive pore‐lining transmembrane helix of MSL10 (TM6) that contribute to these basic channel properties. F553 and I554 are essential for wild type channel conductance and the stability of the open state. G556, a glycine residue located at a predicted kink in TM6, is essential for channel conductance. The increased tension sensitivity of MSL10 compared to close homolog MSL8 may be attributed to F563, but other channel characteristics appear to be dictated by more global differences in structure. Finally, MSL10 F553V and MSL10 G556V provided the necessary tools to establish that MSL10's ability to trigger cell death is independent of its ion channel function.
Substituent effects on the UV absorption energy of 2,5‐disubstituted pyrimidines
Authors: Yuan Hua , Li Meng‐Yang , Chen Chun‐Ni , Zhang Yan , Liu Wan‐Qiang 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPyrimidine‐containing molecules have been extensively investigated in organic light emitting devices (OLEDs), solar cells, liquid crystals, and so on due to their perfect photoelectric properties. Ultraviolet (UV) absorption is one of the interesting photoelectric properties. Systematical study of the substituent effects on the UV absorption energy of pyrimidine derivatives will guide to design functional molecules with specific photoelectric properties. In this paper, thirty‐seven 2‐X‐5‐Y pyrimidines with various substituents (X/Y=NH2, CH3, OCH3, NMe2, CF3, NO2, Cl, Br, I) were synthesized, and their UV spectra were recorded in anhydrous ethanol. The maximum absorption wavelength λmax(nm) were obtained and converted to wavenumber νmax(cm‐1) (νmax = 1/λmax) for quantitative structure‐property relationship study. Hammett parameters (σ, σF, σR), electronegativity (χ), the excited‐state substituent effect parameter (
), and the heavy atom effect indicator (D) were employed as descriptors characterizing the molecular structure. By stepwise regression, a 5‐descriptor linear regression model was built as νmax = 35 864.8122 + 6743.7901σR(X) + 8587.9937σR(Y) − 2042.7280Δσ2 + 1106.0034D(X) + 1451.8873χ(X) (R = 0.9861, S = 693.70, ARD = 1.49%, F = 218.68, Rcv = 0.9775, Scv = 881.25, ARDcv = 1.82%, n = 37). The model is proved of good stability and predictive performance by leave‐one‐out cross validation. Compared with the benzylideneaniline derivatives with C═N bridge group, the substituent effects on the UV absorption energy of 2,5‐disubstituted pyrimidines are quite different and much more complex.
Predictors of repeated acute hospital attendance for asthma in children: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Ardura‐Garcia Cristina , Stolbrink Marie , Zaidi Seher , Cooper Philip J. , Blakey John D. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundAsthma attacks are common and have significant physical, psychological, and financial consequences. Improving the assessment of a child's risk of subsequent asthma attacks could support front‐line clinicians’ decisions on augmenting chronic treatment or specialist referral. We aimed to identify predictors for emergency department (ED) or hospital readmission for asthma from the published literature.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, AMED, PsycINFO, and CINAHL with no language, location, or time restrictions. We retrieved observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCT) assessing factors (personal and family history, and biomarkers) associated with the risk of ED re‐attendance or hospital readmission for acute childhood asthma.ResultsThree RCTs and 33 observational studies were included, 31 from Anglophone countries and none from Asia or Africa. There was an unclear or high risk of bias in 14 of the studies, including 2 of the RCTs. Previous history of emergency or hospital admissions for asthma, younger age, African‐American ethnicity, and low socioeconomic status increased risk of subsequent ED and hospital readmissions for acute asthma. Female sex and concomitant allergic diseases also predicted hospital readmission.ConclusionDespite the global importance of this issue, there are relatively few high quality studies or studies from outside North America. Factors other than symptoms are associated with the risk of emergency re‐attendance for acute asthma among children. Further research is required to better quantify the risk of future attacks and to assess the role of commonly used biomarkers.
Lung ultrasonography score versus chest X‐ray score to predict surfactant administration in newborns with respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Perri Alessandro , Riccardi Riccardo , Iannotta Rossella , Di Molfetta Domenico V. , Arena Roberta , Vento Giovanni , Zecca Enrico 
Published: June 2018

AbstractObjectivesWe aim to verify the diagnostic accuracy of a lung ultrasonography (LUS) score to early predict the need for surfactant therapy in newborns with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), and to compare it with a chest X‐ray score.MethodsIn this prospective diagnostic accuracy study we included all newborns admitted for respiratory distress and initially treated with nasal CPAP. LUS was performed within 2 h from nasal CPAP positioning and in any case before surfactant administration. A chest X‐ray was also performed. A LUS score and an X‐ray score were used and compared. Ability of the scores to predict surfactant administration was evaluated through ROC analysis.ResultsIn our population of 56 newborns with mean gestational age of 31 weeks (SD 3) and mean birth weight of 1442 g (SD 520), LUS score showed higher AUC than X‐ray score in early recognition of infants with respiratory distress syndrome requiring surfactant treatment (0.94; 95%CI, 0.89‐0.98; P < 0.001 vs 0.80; 95%CI, 0.74‐0.86; P < 0.001). It showed also higher sensitivity (86% vs 82%), higher specificity (88% vs 76%), better positive (83% vs 69%), and negative (91% vs 87%) predictive values.ConclusionsLUS is a non‐invasive, bedside and reproducible method that could improve the management of neonatal respiratory distress. It is accurate and reliable to early identify patients who will need treatment with surfactant allowing both an early treatment and a reduction of radiation exposure.
A review of virtual cutting methods and technology in deformable objects
Authors: Wang Monan , Ma Yuzheng 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundVirtual cutting of deformable objects has been a research topic for more than a decade and has been used in many areas, especially in surgery simulation.MethodsWe refer to the relevant literature and briefly describe the related research. The virtual cutting method is introduced, and we discuss the benefits and limitations of these methods and explore possible research directions.ResultsVirtual cutting is a category of object deformation. It needs to represent the deformation of models in real time as accurately, robustly and efficiently as possible. To accurately represent models, the method must be able to: (1) model objects with different material properties; (2) handle collision detection and collision response; and (3) update the geometry and topology of the deformable model that is caused by cutting.ConclusionVirtual cutting is widely used in surgery simulation, and research of the cutting method is important to the development of surgery simulation.
Highly Dispersed DPPF Locked in Knitting Hyper‐Crosslinked Polymers as Efficient and Recyclable Catalyst
Authors: Tang Cheng , Zou Zhijuan , Fu Yufang , Song Kunpeng 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn this study, a novel catalytic system based on the hyper‐cross‐linked 1,1′‐Bis (diphenylphosphino) ferrocene (HCP‐DPPF) is prepared for effectively removing Cr (VI) from water. Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X‐ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) were employed for the characterization of the catalyst. The surface area of HCP‐DPPF can reach 349.7 m2g−1 and the SEM mapping shows that Fe has a good dispersion on the surface of polymer materials. The resulting HCP‐DPPF exhibited remarkable catalytic activity and excellent durability for the Cr (VI) removal and reduction of 4‐nitrophenol (4‐NP) to 4‐aminophenol (4‐AP) in an aqueous solution. It could reach nearly 100% conversions within several minutes, even when the amount of the catalyst was used as low as 3 mg. Moreover, the HCP‐DPPF can be reused 14 times and still retain high conversion efficiency over 92%. The results illustrate in situ immobilization of DPPF onto hyper‐cross‐linked polymers which improve the stability and electron transfer of the catalyst, while enhancing the activity of HCP‐DPPF toward Cr (VI) removal and reduction of 4‐NP.
Colloidal Gradated Alloyed (Cu)ZnInS/ZnS Core/Shell Nanocrystals with Tunable Optical Properties for Live Cell Optical Imaging
Authors: Selvaraj Joicy , Mahesh Arun , Baskaralingam Vaseeharan , Dhayalan Arunkumar , Paramasivam Thangadurai 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn this work, Cd‐free, oleophilic (Cu)ZnInS(core)−ZnS(shell) core/shell quantum dots (QDs) with varying Cu content in the core and shell thickness were synthesized by heating‐up method (core) followed by hot‐injection route (shell). Effect of Cu ion doping (in core) and shell growth on the structural and optical properties of (Cu)ZnInS−ZnS core/shell QDs is reported. Incorporation of Cu ions causes the crystalline phase transformation of zinc blende ZnInS ternary alloy to wurtzite Cu−Zn−In−S quaternary alloy. The (Cu)ZnInS alloyed core QDs are encapsulated with a wider bandgap ZnS shell with gradient interface. The photoluminescence of (Cu)ZnInS core QDs exhibits wide tunable multicolor emissions from green (535 nm) to deep red (683 nm) with large Stokes shift. After the growth of ZnS layer, the PL peak position and absorption edge undergo a hypsochromic shift with enhanced photoluminescence quantum yield up to 47.31%, which is due to the partial cation exchange of Cu+ and In3+ with Zn2+, yielding a graded core/shell structure with smooth potential interface. The radiative excited state lifetime is lengthened from 22.91 ns to 291.11 ns. The mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA) functionalized QDs have been successfully used for in vitro fluorescence cellular imaging of HEK‐293 and HeLa cells. These QDs are cell permeable and suitable for visible light induced multicolor fluorescence‐based cellular imaging.
Aqueous Suzuki‐Miyaura Reaction with 0.6 Equiv. of Base: Green and Efficient Access to Biaryls and Unsymmetrical Terphenyls
Authors: Li Xinmin , Teng Yong , Feng Fangfang , Hu Qinghong , Yuan Zeli 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA ligand‐free palladium‐catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura reaction in water with 0.6 equiv. of base is described. This method enables the preparation of a variety of biaryls in high yields. Additionally, using bromo‐N‐methyliminodiacetic acid (MIDA) boronates as building block, one‐pot double Suzuki–Miyaura reaction has been achieved by controlling the amount of base, and various unsymmetrical terphenyls were prepared in moderate to good yields.
Expeditious Conversion of Iodoallenes to Iodoenals Mediated by Sodium Azide and Iodine
Authors: Tiwari Vibha , Singh Anand 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis manuscript describes a mechanistically novel method to generate α‐iodo α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes from iodoallenes. Sodium azide and iodine work in concert to effect this addition‐rearrangement‐elimination cascade under mild conditions without the generation of the explosive IN3 reagent. This transition‐metal‐free method offers an operationally simple protocol to achieve this transformation expeditiously.
A step‐by‐step guide to sonographic evaluation of deep infiltrating endometriosis
Authors: Fang Jing , Piessens Sofie 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAn estimated 5–10% of the general female population is affected by endometriosis, with an even higher prevalence among women with infertility or significant symptoms of endometriosis. Transvaginal ultrasound has been shown to be an accurate and reliable diagnostic tool in detecting ovarian endometrioma and deep infiltrating endometriosis. An accurate ultrasound diagnosis, which describes and documents the location and extent of endometriosis, improves patient care by allowing better preoperative surgical planning. This paper provides practical and illustrated guidance on how to perform a multistep sonographic evaluation of deep infiltrating endometriosis with key reference made to the International Deep Endometriosis Analysis consensus paper published in 2016. A comprehensive sonographic evaluation of endometriosis requires imaging beyond the traditional pelvic ultrasound boundaries. This means extending the assessment into the posterior and anterior pelvic compartments to evaluate structural mobility and look for deep infiltrating endometriotic nodules noting the size, location and distance from the anus if applicable. Sonographers are encouraged to incorporate this multistep endometriosis assessment into their routine pelvic scans. An improvement in sonographic detection of deep infiltrating endometriosis will not only significantly reduce the number of diagnostic laparoscopies, it will guide patient management and enhance patients' quality of life.
The Predictors of Microscopic Vessel Invasion Differ Between Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Hepatocellular Carcinoma with a Treatment History
Authors: Okamura Yukiyasu , Sugiura Teiichi , Ito Takaaki , Yamamoto Yusuke , Ashida Ryo , Aramaki Takeshi , Uesaka Katsuhiko 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackground and aimPrevious studies have shown that microscopic vessel invasion (MVI) occurs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with a treatment history due to its poorer malignant behavior in comparison with primary HCC. The aim of the present study was to determine the predictors of MVI and overall survival in HCC patients with a treatment history.MethodsThis retrospective study included 580 patients who underwent hepatectomy and whose preoperative imaging showed no evidence of macroscopic vessel invasion. The patients were classified into two groups: primary HCC (n = 425) and HCC with a treatment history (n = 155). MVI was defined as the presence of either microscopic portal vein invasion or venous invasion, which was invisible on preoperative imaging.ResultsMVI was identified in 34 (21.9%) patients with a treatment history. A multivariate analysis showed that a high des‐gamma‐carboxy prothrombin (odds ratio [OR] 5.16, P = 0.002) and a large tumor diameter (OR 2.57, P = 0.030) were the significant predictor of MVI in HCC with a treatment history. Moreover, the presence of MVI (hazard ratio [HR] 2.27, P = 0.001) and tumor diameter >27 mm (HR 2.04, P = 0.006) remained significant predictors of the overall survival in HCC with a treatment history. The tumor diameter cutoff value for predicting MVI (27 mm) in HCC with a treatment history was smaller than in primary HCC (37 mm).ConclusionsThe presence of MVI was a significant predictor in the HCC patients with a treatment history. The tumor diameter is an important factor that can be used to predict the presence of MVI, especially in HCC with a treatment history.