bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Implant Acetabular Component Orientation on Hip Stability
Authors: Shubnyakov I. I. , Boyarov A. A. , Tikhilov R. M. , Denisov A. O. , Efimov N. N. 
Published: October 2018

Introduction.Acetabular component malposition at total hip arthroplasty is a common situation that may affect the frequency of dislocation and the rate of implant friction unit wear. The purpose of the study was to determine the influence of different factors on the variability of acetabular component orientation and evaluate the role of orientation in dislocation development.Patients and methods.Total number of patients made up 1408. Out of them 695 patients were operated on at RSRITO named after R.R. Vreden using standard approaches (group 1), 184 - using low invasive approach (group 2) and 55 patients were admitted with implant head dislocation (group 4). At City St. Petersburg hospitals 474 patients (group 3) were operated on. Orientation of acetabular component (inclination and anteversion angles) was evaluated on digital pelvis and plain hip roentgenograms. Dispersion unifactorial analysis was used to evaluate the dependence of the precision of acetabular component positioning upon the surgeon’s experience, patient’s body mass index, type of surgical approach and the use of guide for acetabular component implantation.Results.Within the first postoperative year the rate of femoral component dislocation in group 1 made up 0.9%. Within the Lewinnek safe zone 76.6% of acetabular components were implanted with the use of a guide and 71.8% without. The rate of dislocation in group 2 made up 71.8% and 63.4% of components were implanted within the safe zone. In group 3 the intra-hospitalization dislocation developed in 1.9% of patients and satisfactory positioning relative to Lewinnek safe zone was achieved in 68.2% of cases. The risk factors for acetabular component malposition included high body mass indices, use of low invasive approach and insufficient experience of the operating surgeon. No direct influence of acetabular component orientation upon the femoral component dislocation was detected.Conclusion. Further studies directed to the more detailed analysis of additional factors that either directly or indirectly affect the implant function and to the optimization of surgical technique that would enable the reproducibility of total hip arthroplasty results are required.
Early Results of the Study of Reparative Peculiarities of Various Osteoplastic Materials in Experimental Bone Defects
Authors: Egiazaryan K. A. , Lazishvili G. D. , Akmataliev K. I. , Ettinger A. P. , Rat’Ev A. P. , Volkov A. V. , Korobushkin G. V. , Polivoda M. D. 
Published: October 2018

Purpose. To determine the optimum osteoplastic material for activation of reparative osteogenesis and substitution of traumatic defects in metaepiphyseal spongy bone tissue.Material and methods.Comparative experimental morphological study was performed on 12 matured male Chinchilla rabbits with body weight 2500-2800g. A model of critical defects of spongy bone tissue was used. Bone defects were filled with 3 types of osteoplastic material: composite calcium sulphate bone cement; xenogenous hydroxyapatite-based material with granulated paste of synthetic peptides (P-15); β-tricalcium phosphate-based material with gauging liquid (calcium phosphate bone cement).Results.Implantation of calcium sulphate bone cement showed rapid osteogenesis stimulation at terms 1.5 months and reduction of newly formed bone tissue mass by 3rd month due to active resorption of the residual material. Implantation of hydroxyapatite-based material with P-15 resulted in osteogenesis stimulation on its surface however because of its mechanical instability and absence of active resorption of that material only a moderate formation of bone trabeculae was observed. At implantation of β-tricalcium phosphate-based material an active resorption of osteoplastic material, formation of trabecular system and its reorganization into trabecular network of femoral metaepiphyseal spongy bone accompanied by the formation of mature bone trabeculae was noted by month 3.Conclusion. Mechanical stability of osteoplastic material and subsequent gradual resorption as well as formation of mature bine trabeculae indicates the efficacy of β-tricalcium phosphate-based material.
Comparative Analysis of Changes in the Desmal and Chondral Structures of Spinal Motion Segment at Various Methods for Posterior Spine Fixation in Experiment
Authors: Krivoshein A. E. , Konev V. P. , Kolesov S. V. , Byval’tsev V. A. , Kaz’min A. I. 
Published: October 2018

Purpose:to elaborate the criteria for the assessment of the degree of spinal motion segment degradation at various methods for posterior spine fixation in experiment.Material and methods. The study included mongrel dogs with body mass of 12±1.5 kg aged 21±3 months. Transpedicular lumbar spine fixation was performed with either rigid titanium alloy rods (1st group, n=5) or dynamic nitinol rods (2nd group, n=5). X-ray examination and morphologic study of the structural elements of spinal motion segment (SME) were performed to all animals in 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after surgery.Results. Functional examination showed that in both groups the range of motion made up 18±1.2° preoperatively. In the 1st group of animals the range of motion in the operated SME made up 0±0.03°. In the second group the range of motion was preserved throughout the experiment and averaged 15±1.3° that made up 78.9% of the preoperative range. In both groups the disc height at the fixation level was constant throughout the experiment and made up 0,3±0.003 cm pre- and postoperatively. Obtained roentgenologic and morphologic data indicated that posterior dynamic spine fixation with nitinol rods ensured more balanced distribution of loads on the supportive elements of the construction and enabled prevent the development of the adjacent segments degeneration. Based on the study results the criteria for the assessment of the degree of the facet joints and discs degradation were formulated.
Positioning of Custom-Made Acetabular Components at Revision Hip Arthroplasty: Do They Really Match as “a key and a lock”?
Authors: Kovalenko A. N. , Tikhilov R. M. , Bilyk S. S. , Shubnyakov I. I. , Cherkasov M. A. , Denisov A. O. 
Published: October 2018

Purposes are to determine1) what frequency and what degree is of custom acetabular implants malposition in comparison with planned position, 2) what the reason of malposition is and 3) what the malposition consequences we can wait for.Patients and methods. The observation group included 20 patients (18 women and 2 men) with severe ac-etabular defects. Mean age of patients made up 53 (22-72) years. Position of the implants was compared with the parameters of preoperative planning using 5 postoperative CT indices (inclination, anteversion of semi-spherical part of the implant, spatial location of the rotation center in three axes). More than 10° deviation for inclination or anteversion and 5° dislocation of the rotation center in any axis was considered as a malposition of the component.Results. Only 5 of 20 constructions matched conditionally permissible limits by all the parameters. Most often excessive dislocation of the rotation center in lateral direction (10 cases) and excessive anteversion (9 cases) were observed. During 6 weeks follow up no complications related to the acetabular component position were recorded.Conclusion. It was shown that at revision arthroplasty with custom-made implants the probability of implant malposition as compared to the preoperative plan. The main reason could be the complexity of intraoperative orientation under conditions of abnormal hip anatomy. Malposition of the implants beyond the stated values did not result in complications within the early postoperative period. The longer follow up is required for the assessment of the long-term results.
Comparative Characteristics of Osseointegration Processes of the Calcium Phosphate Coating Implants and Implants with Germanium Enriched Calcium Phosphate Coatings
Authors: Zelichenko E. A. , Guzeev V. V. , Koval’skaya Ya. B. , Gurova O. A. , Guzeeva T. I. 
Published: October 2018

Introduction.Osseointegration process exerts considerable influence on the term of biological fixation of the implants and is an important parameter that is to be focused on at the implant placement.Purpose: to conduct a comparative analysis of the osseointegration of the titanium alloy implants with different coatings for the determination of the optimum coating compound for osteogenesis.Materials and methods. Comparative analysis of osteogenic properties of the implants with thermal chemical surface treatment, calcium phosphate coating and Germanium enriched (3% and 5%) calcium phosphate coatings applied by electrochemical technique was performed. Implant recipients were 29 not pedigree male cats aged 1.5 to 4.0 years with 2500 to 3400 g body weight. Experimental animals were euthanized in 90 days after surgical intervention.Results.Histological study results showed that bone tissue regeneration was most active when implants with higher level (5%) of Germanium in calcium phosphate coating were used. Calcium phosphate coatings and Germanium enriched ones showed better osseointegration as compared to the implants with thermal chemical surface treatment.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF STRAIN WITHIN THE CONSTRUCTIONS FOR TEMPORARY HEMIEPIPHYSEODESIS IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC SKELETAL DYSPLASIAS
Authors: Kenis V. M. , Morenko E. S. , Korshunov A. V. , Kleimanov R. V. 
Published: October 2018

Introduction. Guided growth (temporary hemiepiphyseodesis) methods for the correction of axial deformities at the knee joint level in children are used mainly in patients with idiopathic deformities. In patients with systemic skeletal dysplasias the use of these techniques does not take into account the peculiarities of the pathological process. Purpose of study: to evaluate with radiographs the incidence of incomplete plate-bone contact at temporary hemiepiphyseodesis; to assess tensely deforming condition of metal implants using numerical simulation of strain in patients with systemic skeletal dysplasias for the prognosis of their potential failure.Patients and methods. Postoperative radiographs were analyzed for 58 children with systemic skeletal dysplasias after temporary hemiepiphyseodesis (107 extremities, 188 plates; main group) and 50 patients with the deformities of other etiology (control group). Plate-metaphysis contact was considered to be incomplete if it exceeded 2 mm. To determine the plate strains and displacement during the process of bone growth the numerical simulation using COSMOL Multiphusics Software was performed.Results. Incomplete plate-bone contact was observed in 41 (22%) out of 188 constructions. Mean contact deficit made up 4.1±1.3 mm. In control group incomplete plate- bone contact (over 2 mm) was observed only in 3 (4.5%) cases (p<0.05). When a screw is not completely inserted into the bone, its’ the most loaded part is out of the bone and the risk of screw breakage in the contact zone occurs. That was showed by the data of numerical strain simulation.Conclusion. In temporary hemiepiphyseodesis the potentiality of incomplete plate-bone contact resulting from the anatomical peculiarities of epimetaphyseal zone is up to 22%. To improve the efficacy of the guided growth method in children with systemic skeletal dysplasias the elaboration of the constructions should take into account of epimetaphyseal zone configuration.
EXPERIENCE IN ARTHROSCOPIC TREATMENT OF ACUTE ACROMIOCLAVICULAR JOINT INJURIES
Authors: Grigor’ev I. V. , Zagorodniy N. V. , Lazko F. L. , Prizov A. P. , Belyak E. A. , Kubashev A. A. , Lazko M. F. 
Published: October 2018

Purpose of study: to evaluate surgical treatment results in patients with closed dislocation of the acromial end of the clavicle.Patients and methods. Eighteen patients, aged 23-54 years, with acute acromioclavicular joint injuries of IIIIV type by Rockwood were operated on during 2015 – 2018. Surgical treatment was performed at terms up to 2 weeks after injury. Reduction of the acromial end of the clavicle, arthroscopic fixation and stabilization of acromioclavicular joint by TightRope system was performed. Postoperative follow-up was cjnducted in 4 and 6 weeks, 3 months and subsequently every 6 months after surgical intervention. To evaluate the results the Constant Score and radiographs were used.Results.Follow-up period made up 1 year. Functional result, i.e. range of motion and quality of life, by Constant Score was good already on day 14 after surgery and excellent (89.6±2.9 points) at the end of treatment course (2 months after intervention). Brachial plexopathy (reduction of the thumb and 2nd finger sensitivity and muscular force in the early postoperative period) was observed in 1 case. Six months conservative treatment resulted in positive effect. In 6 months range of motion in the operated joint was equal to that in a healthy one.Conclusion.Arthroscopic treatment of acromioclavicular joint injuries by TightRope system is a highly effective and minimum invasive method but requires experience and practical skills in shoulder arthroscopy.
Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus types 1 and 2 in Erbil City and related factors
Authors: Othman Galawezh 
Published: October 2018

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of different types of Diabetes Mellitus; the data collected from 84 patients randomly in Layla Qasem Diabetic center in Erbil city to study some genetic factors on Diabetes Mellitus disease by depend on their ages, gender, family history, Blood group and albumin in urine. In case of age average of their age was 40% between 50_60 years old and by depending on their Gender, average of genders 70% was female and 30% male in type 2, while in type 1 40% female and 60% male. The relationship between their family strain 43% of them was positive in type 2DM, and 50% positive in type 1DM. Then we compared their blood group according to our results 39 % of them was O blood group, and in case of albumin in their urine ,in type 2 DM 35% was 30mg/l ,37% was 10mg/l, 9% was 150mg/l, and 19% was 80 mg/l .also in type 1DM 43% was 10mg/l, 11% was 150mg/l, 33% was 30 mg/l, and 13% 80mg/l . We concluded that Diabetes Mellitus in our area is more common in female than male, the percentage of the diabetes increased with age and most diabetic patients have O blood Group.
Management and Evaluation of Sand Dunes and Their Impact on Environmental Degradation in the Eastern of Salah Al-Din Governorate
Authors: Khalaf Aiad , Darwish Mohanned , Amin Ehab , Abdelalbaqi Noor 
Published: October 2018

The study aimed at using RS and GIS to monitor changes in movement and stabilization of sand dunes and their effect on degradation and environmental pollution. Field work included selecting a representative area of ​​sand dunes in the east of Salah-Aldin Governorate, and then obtaining some of the samples. Laboratory work involved the preparation of samples for the determined some of the chemical and physical analysis. The library work included the acquisition of more than satellite images (1976, 2000, 2010 and 2011), and then we making at the Digital processing which involve geometric correction and spectral enhancement and then the values ​​of the indicators and plant indicators were calculated (NDVI, VI, SI, BSI, LDI, TNDVI, NDVI, MSAVI, IPVI, NDSDI, CI) by using the ERDAS and GIS program for the calculated degree of degradation and production of the NDVI maps, and calculations were active and non-active area. The results showed an increase in the area of non-active ​​sand dunes in the years(2010 and 2011) compared with the(1976 and 2000) years. The results showed that the values ​​of plant indicators (NDVI, VI, TNDVI, SAVI, MSAVI, IPVI and CI) were increased in the Non active Sand dunes. The study confirms that remote sensing techniques play an important role in monitoring the deterioration and the movement and stabilization of sand dunes from through NDVI Maps and another indicators were calculated, which require attention to limit their expansion and spread.
التقصي عن الدور الالتهابي لبعض الحركيات الخلوية والغلوبيولينات المناعية وبروتين الطور الحاد في الامراضية المناعية للفشل الكلوي في محافظة ديالى
Authors: صالح محمد عبد الدايم , حميد البياتي علاء محمد 
Published: October 2018

اجريت هذه الدراسة في مدينة بعقوبة لمرضى الفشل الكلوي والتي استمرت للفترة الزمنية من بداية شهر اب 2015 الى بداية شهر نيسان 2016 . تم جمع 100 عينة دم من مرضى الفشل الكلوي بعد التشخيص من قبل الطبيب الاخصائي في مركز ابن سينا للغسيل الكلوي في مستشفى بعقوبة التعليمي وحسب المعايير المعتمدة من قبل منظمة الصحة العالمية لتشخيص مرض الفشل الكلوي, وقد كان عدد الذكور 61 وعدد الاناث 39 ضمن مدى عمري 10-88 سنة , وكذلك جمعت 50 عينة من اشخاص اصحاء ظاهريا تم اعتمادهم كمجموعات السيطرة وقد كان عدد الذكور 25 عدد الاناث 25 ضمن مدى عمري 18-88 سنة. استخدمت تقنية الاليزا Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) لتحديد (IL-18, IL-6) وتقنية الانتشار المناعي الشعاعي المفردSingle Radial Immunodiffusion Assay (SRID) لتحديد (IgG , IgM) كما استخدمت طريقة التلازن Agglutination لتحديد موجبية (CRP). اظهرت نتائج الدراسة الحالية ان نسبة الاصابة بالمرض لدى الذكور 61% اكثر من نسبة الاصابة لدى الاناث 39% مع عدم وجود فرق معنوي بين المجموعتين بالنسبة للجنس P>0.05. كما وجد ان الفئة العمرية 31-50 , 51-70 سجلت اعلى نسبة للإصابة والفئة العمرية 10- 30 , >70 سنة سجلت ادنى نسبة للاصابة بالمرض وبوجود فرق معنوي بين مجموعتي الدراسة بالنسبة للعمر P <0.05. اظهرت الدراسة الحالية ارتفاع موجبية بروتين الطور الحاد (CRP) لمرضى الفشل الكلوي مقارنة بمجموعة السيطرة وبوجود فرق معنوي P <0.05 . كما اظهرت نتائج الدراسة الحالية ارتفاع مستويات البين الابيضاضي (IL-18) لدى المرضى مقارنة بمجموعة السيطرة وبوجود فرق معنوي P
<0.05 , وكذلك وجد ارتفاع مستويات البين الابيضاضي (IL-6) لمرضى الفشل الكلوي مقارنة بمجموعة السيطرة مع عدم وجود فرق معنوي بين المجموعتين P>0.05. كما اظهرت نتائج الدراسة انخفاض مستوى الغلوبيولينات المناعية (IgG , IgM) لدى المرضى مقارنة بمجموعة السيطرة وبوجود فرق معنوي ذو دلالة احصائية بين مجموعتي الدراسة P <0.05. نستنتج من دراستنا الحالية ان نسبة الذكور المصابين اعلى من الاناث , المرض يزداد بتقدم العمر , ارتفاع مستويات (IL-16 و IL-18) وانخفاض (IgG , IgM) لدى المرضى مقارنة بالاصحاء وموجبية (CRP) لدى المرضى مقارنة بالاصحاء.
Ice-Rafted Erratics and Bergmounds from Pleistocene Outburst Floods, Rattlesnake Mountain, Washington, USA
Authors: Bjornstad Bruce N. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Eisverfrachteter Schutt findet sich häufig im Stauwasserbereich der 1.100 km weit reichenden gigantischen Ausbruchsflutwellen aus den eiszeitlichen Missoula- und Columbia-Seen im Nordwesten der USA. Eine detaillierte Analyse erfolgte am Rattlesnake Mountain. Dort ist eine außergewöhnlich hohe Konzentration dieses Schutts in der Mitte des Gerinnebettbodens zu finden. Zeitweilig bildete der Flaschenhals des Wallula Gap die erste wesentliche hydraulische Verengung und ließ die Gletscherflut vorübergehend auf 380 m Seehöhe ansteigen, wodurch kurzzeitig der Lewis See gebildet wurde. Auf einer Fläche von 60 km2 wurden mehr als 2.100 Findlinge, Ansammlungen von erratischen Felsbrocken und Bergmounds registriert. Im Gegensatz zum lokal vorkommenden dunklen Columbia River Basalt bestehen drei Viertel der Findlinge aus granitartigem Material. Auch Schutt von dem ehemals im Norden verlaufenden Eisgebirgszug wie sedimentärer Quarzit aus dem Proterozoikum, Tonschiefer, Gneisgestein, Diorit, Schiefer und Paulitfels wurden hier gefunden. Ein Großteil des eis-verfrachteten Schutts befindet sich auf 200–300 m Seehöhe. Weit weniger Findlinge und Bergmounds sind über 300 m Seehöhe anzutreffen, da es überwiegend Fluten von sub-maximalen Ausmaßen gab. Außerdem liefen größere Eisberge aufgrund ihres Tiefgangs weit von der Küstenlinie des vorübergehend bestehenden Lake Lewis auf Grund. Bei der Flutbewegung über den unebenen Untergrund des Rattlesnake Mountain blieben viele Findlinge in bereits vorhandenen, quer zur Flutrichtung verlaufenden Wasserrinnen hängen.
On GW170817 and the Galactic Binary Neutron Star Population
Authors: Pankow Chris 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
GW170817/GRB170817A, a short gamma-ray burst arising from a low-mass compact object merger was the first multimessenger discovery of a compact binary system outside the local galactic neighborhood. From gravitational-wave (GW) measurements, we know GW170817 has a wide range of plausible component masses, depending also on less well-constrained properties such as the spin and tidal deformability of the component stars. The kilonova light curve—and hence the total ejecta mass from a given source—depends on the relative contribution of dynamical ejecta and other sources such as disk winds. Electromagnetic observations and model fitting of the ejecta properties from the subsequent kilonova detection provided values of the ejecta mass from the merger. These values, when combined with the GW measurement disfavor an equal-mass configuration, with the level of disagreement dependent on the assumed amount of ejecta mass of dynamical origin. Within the confines of our own galaxy, several binary neutron star (BNS) systems along with measurements of their component masses have been made. If those distributions are indicative of a universal distribution, the joint measurement of the component masses of GW170817 represents an outlier. This tension is not easily resolvable from physical arguments, as the proposed pathways that form BNSs do not often produce very asymmetrical pairs. Even accounting for the uncertainty associated with the total mass of the dynamical ejecta, this tension suggests that the distribution of BNS masses in the galaxy is not indicative of those in other galaxies.
Overcoming the Limitations of the Energy-limited Approximation for Planet Atmospheric Escape
Authors: Kubyshkina D. , Fossati L. , Erkaev N. V. , Cubillos P. E. , Johnstone C. P. , Kislyakova K. G. , Lammer H. , Lendl M. , Odert P. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Studies of planetary atmospheric composition, variability, and evolution require appropriate theoretical and numerical tools to estimate key atmospheric parameters, among which the mass-loss rate is often the most important. In evolutionary studies, it is common to use the energy-limited formula, which is attractive for its simplicity but ignores important physical effects and can be inaccurate in many cases. To overcome this problem, we consider a recently developed grid of about 7000 one-dimensional upper-atmosphere hydrodynamic models computed for a wide range of planets with hydrogen-dominated atmospheres from which we extract the mass-loss rates. The grid boundaries are [1:39]

in planetary mass, [1:10]

in planetary radius, [300:2000] K in equilibrium temperature, [0.4:1.3]

in host star’s mass, [0.002:1.3] au in orbital separation, and about [1026:5×1030] erg s−1 in stellar X-ray and extreme ultraviolet luminosity. We then derive an analytical expression for the atmospheric mass-loss rates based on a fit to the values obtained from the grid. The expression provides the mass-loss rates as a function of planetary mass, planetary radius, orbital separation, and incident stellar high-energy flux. We show that this expression is a significant improvement to the energy-limited approximation for a wide range of planets. The analytical expression presented here enables significantly more accurate planetary evolution computations without increasing computing time.