bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Objective Measurement of Medial Joint Space Widening with Percutaneous “Pie Crust” Release of Medial Collateral Ligament during Knee Arthroscopy
Authors: Polat Barış , Aydın Deniz , Polat Ayşe Esin , Gürpınar Tahsin , Sarı Enes , Özmanevra Ramadan , Yalçınozan Mehmet , Erler Kaan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractKnee arthroscopy may be called the most commonly and increasingly performed orthopaedic procedure. Posterior medial compartment visualization may be quite challenging. The aim of the present study is to detect objective measurement of medial joint space widening with percutaneous “pie crust” release of medial collateral ligament (MCL) during knee arthroscopy. We used this technique for all knees that require any intervention in the posteromedial compartment and for tight knees in which adequate visualization of the posteromedial compartment cannot be obtained. Eighteen patients (18 knees) were included in this study. Patients were evaluated clinically with the Lysholm and Tegner scores at the final office visit. Joint balance, valgus instability, pain or tenderness on MCL region, and numbness over the medial side of the joint were also noted. Measurements of medial joint space (mm) were obtained at three different times with perioperative C-arm images: normal, controlled valgus force, and after pie crusting. The median follow-up time was 9 (6–12) months. Final follow-up Lysholm (p < 0.05) and Tegner scores (p < 0.05) increased significantly compared with preoperative scores. At the final follow-up, there was no pain or tenderness over MCL and there were no signs of saphenous nerve or vein injury. Medial joint space values in after pie crusting increased significantly (p < 0.05) compared with neutral position measurements and controlled valgus force application (p < 0.05). Controlled release of the MCL in knees provided ∼2.45 times wider visualization place. Furthermore, pie crusting of MCL is a safe and effective technique that provides enough space for visualization and instrumentation in knees. This is a Level IV study.
The changing agrarian economy in Zimbabwe, 15 years after the Fast Track Land Reform programme
Authors: Shonhe Toendepi 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTThe reconfigured agrarian structure imposed new production and commoditisation patterns across the settlement types in Zimbabwe. From 2000, new markets were established, with differentiated effects on capital accumulation for different sets of farmers. After the Fast Track Land Reform programme, the impact of the economy-wide challenges, climate change, capital and global geo-politics on the agrarian economy remain relatively unexplored. Using a case study of Hwedza District, this article reveals the changing agrarian relations beyond the trimodal agrarian structure, showing that smallholder farmers have significantly relied on reinvestment of agricultural sales proceeds rather than contract farming. Farmers exit the contract farming arrangements citing their exploitative nature. The article contributes to the debate on Zimbabwe's agrarian and political transition.
The negotiability of state legal and bureaucratic authority during land occupations in Zimbabwe
Authors: Chamunogwa Arnold 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT
The article explains how state legal and bureaucratic authority over land access was renegotiated, and at times undone, during land occupations in Mazowe District, Zimbabwe from 2001 to 2002. It explains the logics and strategies used by land occupiers to make use of legal and bureaucratic procedures, in contradictory ways, as they made, protected and validated claims to land and related resources. It also explains the ambiguous role of local state institutions during farm occupations. The author illustrates how certain state institutions adhered to long-standing technocratic ideas and practices of controlling land access, while others undermined and, at times, subverted them.
The fragility of empowerment: changing gender relations in a Zimbabwean resettlement area
Authors: Addison Lincoln 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT
This article examines the fragility of women's empowerment in Sovelele, a resettlement area established through Zimbabwe's Fast Track Land Reform programme. Compared to their lives before resettlement, married women have larger plots allocated to them by husbands, exercise a higher degree of control over surplus grain and experience more joint use of resources. Single women can more easily buy and hold land in their own right. Yet, these gains are fragile because they arise out of largely unintended and changing circumstances, including the spatial dynamics of resettlement, permit-based land tenure, limited market integration and labour shortage. While attention to the conditions underlying empowerment reveals its fragility, it is not equally fragile for all women. Some women's gains may prove more resilient than others because they rest upon a deeper renegotiation of gender relations.
Enhancement of carotenoid biosynthesis in Phaffia rhodozyma PR106 under stress conditions
Authors: Zhang Jing , Li Qing-Ru , Zhang Ming-Hao , You Ying , Wang Yu , Wang Yu-Hua 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT
Carotenoids have good biological activity in antioxidant, anti-aging and scavenging harmful free radicals. In this study, we screened a strain that produced carotenoids, and selected a stress condition which significantly improved carotenoids content. The strain was identified as Phaffia rhodozyma PR106. Active oxygen generator TiO2 was the most significant factor to the carotenoids content of the P. rhodozyma. The content of carotenoids was 54.45 mg/g at 500 mg/L TiO2, which was about 1.25 times of the control and the proportion of carotenoids also changed from 1:9:16 to 1:8.5:12. Further, we determined the reactive oxygen species (ROS) in YEPD medium and P. rhodozyma, found that the ROS (H2O2, O2−, and HO•) was significantly increased at 500 mg/L TiO2 in YEPD medium compared with the control, but increased in P. rhodozyma under 1000 mg/L TiO2 treated. These results suggested that the increase in carotenoids was related to ROS in P. rhodozyma.
Photoionization of tungsten ions: experiment and theory for W5+
Authors: Müller A , Schippers S , Hellhund J , Kilcoyne A L D , Phaneuf R A , McLaughlin B M 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Experimental and theoretical cross sections are reported for single-photon single ionization of W5+ ions. Absolute measurements were conducted employing the photon–ion merged-beams technique. Detailed photon-energy scans were performed at (67 ± 10) meV resolution in the 20–160 eV range. In contrast to photoionization of tungsten ions in lower charge states, the cross section is dominated by narrow, densely-spaced resonances. Theoretical results were obtained from a Dirac–Coulomb R-matrix approach employing a basis set of 457 levels providing cross sections for photoionization of W5+ ions in the

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metastable excited levels. Considering the complexity of the electronic structure of tungsten ions in low charge states, the agreement between theory and experiment is satisfactory.
Gender bias on the students’ scheme in ratio and proportion solving problems
Authors: Setyaningsih Nining , Juniati Dwi , Suwarsono  
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The research aims to describe the gender bias on the student’s schema in ratio and proportion problem solving. The schema means to represent the student’s concepts stored in his or her memory and used for ratio and proportion problem solving. The research was conducted at SMP Muhammadiyah Program Khusus Junior High School in Surakarta, Indonesia. It employed a qualitative approach. The data were collected by interview and students’ written works. The subjects amounted to 2 male and female students with the similar high mathematical ability. The data were analyzed by using an interactive model, including data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. The results of the research show that (1) the students’ schema in ratio and proportion problem solving comprised the content schema, the formal schema, and the linguistic schema; (2) the male subject with high mathematical ability (SLT) used the unit rate strategy, the cross product strategy, and the equivalent class strategy in ratio and proportion problem solving; and (3) the female subject with high mathematical ability (SLT) employed the equivalent strategy, the unit rate strategy, and the build up strategy in ratio and proportion problem solving. The different strategies in problem solving indicates varying schema in solving problems related to ratio and proportion.
Developing students’ collaboration skills through project-based learning in statistics
Authors: Desyarti Safarini TLS 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In the era of Industrial Revolution 4.0, teachers are required to facilitate learning that provides opportunities for students to develop essential skills needed in the real working world. Employees need to perform strong collaboration skills to work productively on a team to accomplish complex assignments. Project Based Learning (PBL) is one of the learning models that give opportunities for students to develop collaboration skills. This study aims to describe how students’ collaboration skills develop through PBL in statistics. The design of learning activities and the rubric of collaboration skills were adopted from the 21st Century Learning Design (CLD) framework developed by SRI International in collaboration with Microsoft Partners in Learning (2012). In this study, students were carrying out the project with the theme “Statistics in School”. During the project, students were able to apply statistics concepts through data collection, data representation, and data analysis. The results of this study indicate that students’ collaboration skills have developed to level 5 of the 21st-CLD rubric. The following indicators were representing the results: students make substantive decisions based on group agreement, students take an important role in implementing the project, students work also depend on each other in order to complete the project.
Student’s critical thinking ability with higher order thinking skills (HOTS) question based on self-efficacy
Authors: Syarifah TJ , Usodo B , Riyadi  
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Critical thinking is one of the thinking abilities that must be given in 21st-century education, because by having it, the student can think reasonably, reflectively and systematically that carried out on all information or problems to make the right decisions. There are many factors that are affect students’ critical thinking ability, such as self-efficacy which has meaning selfconfidence, curiosity, and willingness to accept opinions, openness, independence, and decision making. This qualitative study aimed to describe students’ critical thinking abilities based on levels of self-efficacy by using the question of Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS). Purposive sampling technique has been used with 58 subjects with different levels of self-efficacy. Data collection was done using documentation, testing, and interview method. Showed student’s critical thinking ability on high self-efficacy is students can internalize the basic abilities of deep thinking, moderate self-efficacy students thinking ability are still systematic, and low selfefficacy student has limited insight. These results indicate that differences in self-efficacy will also make a difference in students’ critical thinking abilities.
Students’ mathematics learning achievement in junior high school using 7E learning cycle
Authors: Nur Rahmy Suci , Usodo B , Slamet I 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The aims of this research are to determine the effect of applying the 7E learning cycle model and direct learning of students’ mathematics learning achievement. This research was conducted in several State Junior High School of Nganjuk Regency for academic year 2018/2019. The research method used the experimental method. The sample consisted of 184 students. The experimental class was given a 7E learning cycle model. The control class is given a direct learning model. This research used the documentation method and test method in data collection. Data analysis using a t-test, with a significance level of 5%. Data were obtained from the experimental class and the control class. The results of this research concluded that there were differences in the effect of 7E learning cycle implementation and direct learning on students’ mathematics achievement, and students’ mathematics learning achievement using the 7E learning cycle model was better than students using direct learning. The steps of the 7E learning cycle model such as for elicit, engage, explore, explain, elaborate, evaluate and extend can make students active in learning. To improve student’s mathematics learning achievement in junior high school can use the 7E learning cycle model.
Students’ responses to the test instruments on geometry reasoning ability in senior high school
Authors: Ayuningtyas Winanti , Mardiyana  , Pramudya I 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This study aims to determine students’ responses to the geometry reasoning ability test instruments in high school. The research instrument used was the student response questionnaire to the test of geometrical reasoning ability. The study subjects took 28 students of grade XI. The data was obtained after the students having examined with the instrument test of geometrical reasoning ability. The research procedures include; first, the researcher gave the students questionnaire responses after they were asked to do a test of geometrical reasoning ability. Second, the researcher collected data obtained from the students’ response questionnaire. Third, the researchers conducted data analysis by calculating percentages to find out the number of student responses. Fourth, the researchers draw conclusions. The results of the analysis show that the students’ response to the geometry reasoning ability test instruments were very well. Most students show a positive response to the instrument, according to the language used in the instrument is easy to understand, the design of drawings and colors are interesting, and the materials used were adjusted to the level of ability of high school students.
Guided discovery: an alternative teaching method to reduce students’ rote learning behavior in studying geometric transformation
Authors: Ishartono Naufal , Nurcahyo Adi , Dwi Setyono Ikhsan 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In Indonesia, geometry transformation is taught from elementary to high school students, but at the high school level geometric transformation material already has a high level of complexity that is already involved in the concept of matrices in the formula, especially the number of formulas that must be understood is very large, giving rise to the tendency of students to learn by memorization (rote learning). Of course, this matter cannot be underestimated by mathematics teachers so it needs a solution that can reduce the tendency of students to learn using the rote-learning method. Therefore, learning methods Guided Discovery can be seen as an alternative solution to be able to reduce the tendency of students to learn by memorization. This learning method can involve students actively to find and reconstruct formulas and concepts in the topic of transformation of geometry independently. Moreover, because they have studied the topic of geometry transformation at a previous level, they will use their prior knowledge to study it so that learning will be more meaningful. This research is a literature study where it aims to describe the possibility of applying Guided Discovery methods to reduce the tendency of students to learn geometry transformation topics in rote learning (rote learning behaviour). The results of this study are that theoretically by using Guided Discovery learning methods is possible to reduce the tendency of students to learn by memorizing in learning the topic of Geometry Transformation, namely the steps of Giving Problems, Data Developing, Data Arrangement, Extra Data, Verification, and Exercise.
Modelling the percentage of poverty based on an open unemployment rate using some nonparametric regression techniques
Authors: Andriyana Y , Suprijadi J , Suparman Y , Winarni S , Jaya I G N M 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Poverty is a basic problem to be solved happened in all countries, including Indonesia. Although the economic development of Indonesia is increasing from time to time, but the population is also highly increasing. The population grows rapidly which is not followed by the same Gross Domestic Product development. The unbalance situation implies the gap of social-economic conditions. In order to reduce the poverty rate, we need to build a model showing the influence of some factors to the poverty rate. Since, the open unemployment rate plays an important role to the poverty rate, then in this study, we will focus only on modelling the open unemployment rate to the poverty in Indonesia. Due to the characteristic of the scatter plot of the data, where the pattern is not easy to model parametrically, we then propose some nonparametric regression techniques. We present some results using nonparametric approach, such as, kernel and splines techniques. For the kernel approach we propose to use Nadaraya-Watson technique and local polynomial approach, and for the spline techniques we propose to apply Smoothing Splines, B-Splines and P-Splines techniques. The estimation curves shows that all nonparametric approaches fit nicely to the data.
Business Process Analysis and Improvement for a Third Party Logistics Provider in Indonesian Cold Chain Logistics
Authors: Pradita S P , Ongkunaruk P 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Indonesian consumer awareness to seek for quality fresh food products is increasing. Therefore, a cold chain logistics is required to deliver agricultural and fishery products across islands. The number of logistics providers in Indonesia are continuously growing, especially for cargo services. Our objectives are to identify the business processes and related activities in a cold chain logistics provider, to analyse problems and to provide recommendations for improvement. We conducted an in-depth interview and analysed the business process using Integration Definition for Function Modelling (IDEF0). The results showed that the major problems are lack of proper cold chain logistics and knowledge in supply chain management. Then, we recommended to improve efficiency in the major activities. These could be the direction for further development to enhance Indonesian cold chain logistics especially for other third party logistics providers to improve their competitive advantages.
Self-Assembly of Aldehyde Lipids in Water
Authors: Janlad M , Boonnoy P , Wong-ekkabut J 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Lipid based self-assembled structures has been applied for drug delivery systems. It is well known that lipid self-assembled structures depend on the chemical structures of lipids, however the self-assembled structures of oxidized lipids with asymmetrical structures remain unclear. In this study, 1-palmitoyl-2-(9-oxo-nonanoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (9-al) was used to investigate its self-assembly structure. The molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was performed with the system consisting of 128 lipids and 8,960 simple point charge (SPC) water molecules. Initially, all lipids and water molecules were randomly generated in the simulation box, then molecular trajectories were integrated and collected over microsecond times. The results showed that the equilibrium self-assembled structures of 9-al lipid preferred to form a micelle structure. We analyzed the lipid’s angle distribution and the lipid’s chain length to determine the lipid geometry. The results are in agreement with the previous MD simulation (Boonnoy, P.; et al. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2015, 6, 4884 – 4888) that showed the deformation of aldehyde lipid bilayer into micelle structure due to their shorter and highly mobile of aldehyde functional group in oxidized chain.
Bond strength of laminated films between poly(lactic acid) based cast films and metalized cast polypropylene films
Authors: Hongsriphan N , Chaichana J , Pornpitakdamrong C , Thaptham S 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This research was carried out to study the feasibility to use biodegradable poly(lactic acid) (PLA) in flexible packaging films, which they were usually laminated with metalized cast polypropylene (MCPP) film in order to reduce oxygen permeability and could be microwaveable. Since PLA was too brittle, two types of polymers; poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) and polyethylene glycol (PEG), were blended and extruded into cast films in the weight ratios of 5, 10, and 15 wt%. The prepared blend films were laminated with MCPP films using a commercial polyurethane adhesive. Mechanical and thermal properties of the blend films were investigated by tensile testing and differential scanning calorimetry. The bond strength of the laminated films was analyzed. It was found that the glass transition temperatures of PLA in the PLA/PEG blends were dramatically reduced attributed to the plasticizing effect, however, they were not changed in the PLA/PBAT blends. As a result, tensile strength of the PLA/PEG films was reduced significantly with respect to PEG content. The laminated films of PLA/PBAT blend and MCPP had higher bond strength than those of PLA and MCPP or PLA/PEG and MCPP. The transparent PLA/PBAT 95/5 wt% was the best formula that could replace poly(ethylene terephthalate) for laminated film.
Effect of Acetic Acid Pre-Treatment on the Growth Temperature of Graphene on Copper by Thermal Chemical Vapor Deposition
Authors: Kokmat P , Donnuea N , Nuntawong N , Wisitsoraat A , Ruammaitree A 
Published: August 2019

AbstractGraphene is a flat monolayer of carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb lattice. Graphene has many outstanding properties such as high electron mobility, superb strength, transparency and great flexibility. These exotic properties make graphene a promising candidate for solar cell, fuel cell, battery, supercapacitor and so on. In this report, we have studied the effect of acetic acid pre-treatment on the growth temperature of graphene on copper by thermal chemical vapor deposition (CVD). In case of graphene growth without acetic acid pre-treatment, the high temperature of 1000 °C is needed for the growth of graphene by CVD. In contrast, the growth temperature can be decreased to 800 °C for graphene growth with acetic acid pre-treatment. We found that acetic acid pre-treatment can eliminate copper oxide from the sample surface resulting in the growth temperature of graphene decreases.
Conductive paper of reduced graphene oxide and nanofibrillated cellulose
Authors: Tanpichai S , Aachri M , Pattananuwat P , Potiyaraj P 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The conductive paper has been of great interest due to its flexibility and superior properties. In this work, the facile procedure with scalable possibility was used to prepare conductive paper with graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). GO synthesized by the modified Hummers’ method was successfully transformed to rGO using ascorbic acid. These GO and rGO were used as a conductive source to improve conductive properties of the as-prepared paper. GO and rGO (0 – 25 wt%) were mixed with nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) to form conductive paper. Results showed that the reduction of the electrical resistance was found from both GO/NFC and rGO/NFC paper sheets with increasing a content of GO or rGO. Furthermore, the paper with rGO exhibited more outstanding electrical conductive than the GO/NFC paper. Also, the water uptake of the conductive paper was affected by the addition of GO or rGO. The significant reduction of water uptake was found to be more pronounced with the introduction of rGO in comparison with the presence of GO. The conductive paper prepared in this study would be useful for applications such as flexible electrode.