bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ЗМІНИ ПЕРОКСИДНОГО ОКИСНЕННЯ ЛІПІДІВ ТА АНТИОКСИДАНТНОГО ЗАХИСТУ У ВИСОКО- І НИЗЬКОСТІЙКИХ ДО ГОСТРОЇ ГІПОКСИЧНОЇ ГІПОКСІЇ ЩУРІВ РІЗНОЇ СТАТІ ПРИ ІММОБІЛІЗАЦІЙНОМУ СТРЕСІ
Authors: Ordynskyi Iu. M. , Denefil O. V. 
Published: July 2019

Вступ. Визначення механізмів ушкоджувального впливу стресу на серце в осіб з різною реактивністю може сприяти розробці індивідуальних методів корекції.
Мета дослідження – визначити вплив іммобілізаційного стресу на зміни показників пероксидного окиснення ліпідів та антиоксидантного захисту в щурів різної статі з високою і низькою стійкістю до гіпоксії (ВГ, НГ).
Методи дослідження. Стрес моделювали 4 рази шляхом одногодинної іммобілізації щурів спинкою донизу з інтервалом 24 год. У серці визначали концентрацію дієнових і трієнових кон’югатів, шиффових основ, ТБК-активних продуктів, активність супероксиддисмутази та каталази, у крові – концентрацію церулоплазміну, пероксидазну активність.
Результати й обговорення. У контрольних ВГ самців, порівняно з НГ, виявлено нижчу активність процесів пероксидного окиснення ліпідів, вищі активність супероксиддисмутази, концентрацію церуло­плазміну, пероксидазну активність крові; у ВГ самиць порівняно з НГ – більше дієнових і трієнових кон’югатів, шиффових основ, менше ТБК-активних продуктів, вищі активність супероксиддисмутази, концентрацію церулоплазміну, пероксидазну активність крові, нижчу активність каталази. Іммобілізація призвела до зростання всіх досліджуваних продуктів пероксидного окиснення ліпідів (у тварин усіх груп найінтенсивніше збільшилися ТБК-активні продукти). У самиць також значно зросли шиффові основи. Це вказує на розвиток оксидативного стресу, який більш виражений був у самців порівняно із самицями. У самиць продукти пероксидного окиснення ліпідів швидше метаболізувалися. Одночасно активувалась антиоксидантна система захисту: найбільше в самиць підвищилась активність супероксиддисмутази (більше у низькостійких до гіпоксії особин) і каталази (більше у високостійких до гіпоксії), в самців – концентрація церулоплазміну (найбільше у низькостійких до гіпоксії). Пероксидазна активність крові знизилася у тварин усіх досліджуваних груп.
Висновок. Іммобілізація щурів призводить до оксидативного стресу в серці, але механізм його розвитку і механізми адаптації та компенсації залежать від стійкості до гіпоксії і статі тварин.
Impaired interhemispheric synchrony in late blindness
Authors: Huang Xin , Zhou Fu-Qing , Dan Han-Dong , Shen Yin 
Published: July 2019

Background Several neuroimaging studies demonstrated that visual deprivation led to significant cross-modal plasticity in the brain’s functional and anatomical architecture. Purpose To investigate the pattern of the interhemispheric functional connectivity in individuals with late blindness using the voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) and seed-based functional connectivity (FC) methods. Material and Methods Forty-four individuals with late blindness (22 men, 22 women; mean age = 39.88 ± 12.84 years) and 55 sighted control individuals (35 men, 20 women; mean age = 43.13 ± 13.98 years)—closely matched for age, sex, and education—underwent resting-state magnetic resonance imaging scans. The VMHC and seed-based FC methods were applied to assess interhemispheric coordination in a voxel-wise manner. Results Compared with the sighted control groups, the late blindness groups showed decreased VMHC values in the bilateral cuneus/calcarine/lingual gyrus (CUN/CAL/LING) (BA 17/18/19) (voxel level: P < 0.001, Gaussian random field [GRF] correction, cluster level: P < 0.005). Meanwhile, for seed-based FC analysis, compared with the sighted control group, the late blindness group showed a decreased FC between the right lower VMHC regions and the bilateral CUN/LING/CAL/precuneus (PreCUN)/left middle occipital gyrus (MOG) (BA 18/19/30/31) and left precentral gyrus (PreCG) and postcentral gyrus (PostCG) (BA 2/3/4/6). The late blindness group showed a decreased FC between the left lower VMHC regions and the bilateral CUN/LING/CAL/PreCUN (BA 18/19/31) and left PreCG and PostCG (BA 2/3/4/6) relative to the sighted control group (voxel level: P < 0.001, GRF correction, cluster level: P < 0.005). Moreover, a negative correlation was observed between the duration of blindness and VMHC values in the bilateral CUN/CAL/LING (r = −0.393, P = 0.008) in individuals with late blindness. Conclusion Our results indicated that late blindness induced substantial impairment of interhemispheric coordination in the visual cortex. This might reflect impaired visual fusion, visual recognition function, and top-down modulations in individuals with late blindness.
Virtual reality distraction decreases pain during daily dressing changes following haemorrhoid surgery
Authors: Ding Jie , He Yanyan , Chen Lishan , Zhu Bili , Cai Qiuping , Chen Keli , Liu Guoyan 
Published: July 2019

Objective To investigate whether immersive virtual reality (VR) distraction could decrease pain during postoperative dressing changes. Methods This was a prospective, open-label randomized clinical trial that enrolled patients that had undergone haemorrhoidectomy. Patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups: a control group that received the standard pharmacological analgesic intervention during dressing change and a VR group that received VR distraction during dressing change plus standard pharmacological analgesic intervention. Pain scores and physiological measurements were collected before, during and after the first postoperative dressing change. Results A total of 182 patients were randomly assigned to the control and VR groups. The baseline characteristics of the VR and control groups were comparable. There was no significant difference in mean pain scores prior to and after the dressing change procedure between the two groups. The mean pain scores at the 5-, 10-, 15- and 20-min time-points during the first dressing change were significantly lower in the VR group compared with the control group. Heart rates and oxygen saturation were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion Immersive VR was effective as a pain distraction tool in combination with standard pharmacological analgesia during dressing change in patients that had undergone haemorrhoidectomy.
Pulsed radiofrequency of the median nerve under ultrasound guidance for management of intractable neuropathic pain
Authors: Park Yoo Jung , Lee Man Hee , Kwon So Young 
Published: July 2019

A median nerve injury in the forearm may lead to devastating sequelae if left untreated. Even with appropriate treatments involving microsurgical techniques and postoperative care, patients may still experience lasting neuropathic pain that significantly reduces their quality of life. Pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) is widely performed to alleviate such neuropathic pain caused by trauma. A 47-year-old man visited our pain clinic with allodynia, hyperalgesia, paresthesia, skin color changes, and atrophy in the right forearm. In the orthopedic department, the patient was treated by neurectomy of the median nerve to manage the intractable pain. However, the effect was unsatisfactory. The fourth median nerve block performed in our pain clinic after neurectomy produced good results, and ultrasound-guided PRF of the median nerve was performed. The patient showed 80% relief of symptoms within 5 hours after the procedure. The visual analog scale score for the forearm decreased from 8/10 to 1/10. This case suggests that ultrasound-guided PRF can be a therapeutic option for the management of refractory neuropathic pain after neurectomy in patients with a median nerve injury.
The impact of knowledge of HPV positivity on cytology triage in primary high-risk HPV screening
Authors: Aitken Clare A , Holtzer-Goor Kim M , Uyterlinde Anne , van den Brule Adriaan JC , van der Linden Hans C , Huijsmans Cornelis J , de Kok Inge MCM , van Kemenade Folkert J 
Published: July 2019

Objective Several studies have shown that there is an upward shift in the classification of cervical cytology when high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) status is known to be positive. The Netherlands implemented primary hrHPV screening with reflex cytology as the primary screening test in 2017. Prior to implementation of the new programme, we investigated whether knowledge of hrHPV status influences cytology rating. Methods Using a set of 200 cytology slides that had been previously tested, two pairs of cytotechnicians rated 100 slides per pair twice: first without knowledge of hrHPV status and then, after a wash-out period of two months, with knowledge of hrHPV status. Results We found that hrHPV positive slides were more likely to be rated up over the referral threshold (i.e. from negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy to atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance+) than hrHPV negative slides at the second review when hrHPV status was known (relative risk = 3.2; 95% confidence interval: 1.3–7.9). Conclusions If the same upward shift in ratings were to be observed in the national programme, it may have implications for referrals of women with low-grade lesions.
Enhancing the effectiveness of minimum employment standards in New Zealand
Authors: Anderson Gordon , Kenner Lucy 
Published: July 2019

Employer breaches of New Zealand’s minimum employer standards and other forms of worker exploitation have been increasingly recognised as a significant problem. This affects migrant workers in particular, and among them those working without documentation or on various types of non-resident visas. Exploitation has become particularly embedded in a number of industries: fishing, hospitality and tourism, and in some sectors of agriculture, particularly those dependent on seasonal labour. Initially, government action to mitigate these problems was slow and reluctant but over the last decade, culminating in the reforms of 2016, there has been a more focussed effort to provide a strong legislative framework to support minimum employment standards. This article describes the background to those reforms, analyses the reforms themselves and goes on to consider whether they are adequate to ensure access to justice by disadvantaged workers. JEL Codes: J81, J83, J88
The challenges facing the public mental health sector: implications of the Victorian Psychiatry workforce project
Authors: Newton Richard , Beasley Adele , Bosanac Peter , Castle David , Copolov David , Hopwood Mal , Keks Nick , Paoletti Nick , Tiller John 
Published: July 2019

Objectives: This paper reviews the major findings of the Victorian Psychiatry Attraction, Recruitment and Retention Needs Analysis Project and considers some of the implications for the psychiatrist workforce working in public sector psychiatry. Conclusions: The report provides a snapshot of the issues that are impairing the ability of Victorian psychiatrists to comprehensively treat those in our community who have severe mental illness. As the report shows, the issues impacting the profession are multi-faceted and complex, yet surmountable.
Cotinine Test in Evaluating Smoking Cessation at the Day of Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Gormsen J. , Hjørne F. , Helgstrand F. 
Published: July 2019

Background and Aims: Smoking increases the risk of postoperative complications after bariatric surgery. Therefore, preoperative smoking cessation is mandatory according to Danish guidelines before elective bariatric surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate if patients scheduled for bariatric surgery continue to smoke on the day of their operation despite recommendations. Materials and Methods: A prospective single-center study including all patients scheduled for bariatric surgery from June to December 2017 at Zealand University Hospital in Denmark. Urine samples were collected on the day of surgery to test for cotinine. During the minimum preoperative period of 3 months, patients were repeatedly informed of the increased risk of complications, that smoking cessation was mandatory, that rescheduling of the surgery was possible if more time to achieve smoking cessation was necessary, and if tested positive on the day of surgery, the operation would be canceled. Results: Of the 71 patients included, 9 patients (13%) were tested positive. After confrontation with the test result, all but 1 patient confessed to smoking. Overall, 6 out of 12 patients (50%) who were actively smoking at the time of referral tested positive, and 2 out of 25 patients (8%) who claimed to have smoked previously tested positive. No patients claiming no smoking history tested positive. Conclusion: Despite information that smoking cessation was mandatory, and the scheduled bariatric operation would be canceled in case of smoking, up to 50% of patients with a history of smoking still smoked on the day of surgery.
Combination of oxymatrine and diammonium glycyrrhizinate significantly mitigates mice allergic contact dermatitis induced by dinitrofluorobenzene
Authors: Shi Hui-juan , Song Hong-bin , Gao Qiong , Si Jia-wei , Zou Qian 
Published: July 2019

This study investigated the safety and effect of oxymatrine (OMT) and/or diammonium glycyrrhizinate (DG) on allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) induced by 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) in ICR mice. Mice were topically smeared with vehicle (control) or DNFB on their ear and skin to induce ACD. The mice were randomized and injected with saline as the model, treated intraperitoneally with dexamethasone (DEX), 45 or 90 mg·kg−1 OMT and/or DG daily beginning one day post the first smearing for two weeks. The body weights, the severity of ear and skin inflammation, the levels of serum IgE, IL-4, and IFNγ, creatinine and urea as well as plasma sodium and potassium in individual mice were measured. In comparison with the control group, the model group did not change the body weights, but developed severe skin and ear inflammation with increased ear thickness, accompanied by many inflammatory infiltrates in the lesions and high levels of serum IgE, IL-4, and IFNγ. Combination of OMT and DG prevented the OMT- or DG-altered body weights in mice. While treatment with either OMT or DG moderately reduced the skin and ear inflammation, their thickness and inflammatory infiltrates, combination of OMT and DG further significantly increased their anti-inflammatory effects in mice. A similar pattern of inhibitory effect on the levels of serum IgE, IL-4, and IFNγ was observed in the different groups of mice. Combination of OMT and DG also prevented the OMT-, DG-, or DEX-altered plasma sodium or potassium levels in mice. Therefore, combination of OMT and DG significantly increased anti-inflammatory effects on ACD induced by DNFB in mice and attenuated DG- or OMT-related adverse effects. Impact statement Diammonium glycyrrhizinate (DG) and oxymatrine (OMT) have similar anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anti-tumor, immunomodulatory, and other pharmacological properties. Our previous study has shown that when DG and OMT are combined, DG can attenuate both high-dose (347.44 mg·kg−1) and regular-dose (90 mg·kg−1) OMT-induced mortality and adverse effects (such as body weight loss and hyponatremia). Furthermore, OMT can similarly attenuate the adverse effects (such as body weight gain, hypernatremia, and hypokalemia) induced by regular dose (90 mg·kg−1) of DG. Accordingly, we tested whether combination of OMT and DG would increase anti-inflammatory activities and reduce their adverse effect in a mouse model of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) induced by 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB). Our findings indicated that combination of OMT and DG significantly increased anti-inflammatory effects on ACD induced by DNFB in ICR mice and attenuated adverse effects of DG or OMT alone.
Predicting the Need for Surgical Intervention Prior to First Encounter for Individuals With Knee Complaints: A Novel Approach
Authors: Vega José F. , Strnad Gregory J. , Bena James , Spindler Kurt P. 
Published: July 2019

Background: Orthopaedic complaints, particularly those relating to the knee, are some of the most common conditions that bring patients to the hospital. Many patients bypass their primary care physician to seek the care of an orthopaedic surgeon without referral, leaving the surgeon to manage an increasingly large number of patients, many of whom will never require surgery. Purpose: To develop a brief questionnaire that can be administered via phone/web at the time of appointment request to predict an individual patient’s probability of requiring surgical intervention. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: All patients (N = 1307) seeking an appointment for a new knee-related complaint completed a branching-logic questionnaire. A retrospective chart review was conducted following the conclusion of each patient’s episode of care to determine whether surgery was recommended. Logistic regression models were used to predict the risk of surgery based on triage question responses, basic demographics (age, sex), and laterality (unilateral vs bilateral). The ability of the models to discriminate between those who did and did not receive a surgical recommendation was measured with a concordance index. Results: The model provided a high level of discrimination between surgical and nonsurgical cases (concordance index, 0.69). Recent injury with inability to walk and no recent injury with no pain were both associated with an increased probability of receiving a recommendation of surgical intervention as compared with patients who reported pain without recent injury (odds ratio [OR]: 3.51 [ P < .001] and 2.78 [ P = .008], respectively). A unilateral complaint was associated with needing surgical intervention (OR, 4.52 [ P < .001]). Age had a significant nonlinear relationship with odds of needing of surgery, with middle-aged patients (range, 20-50 years) having the greatest odds. Conclusion: The current model, which utilizes demographic questions and portions of a routine history alone, was able to accurately identify individuals who are most likely (up to 65% probability) and least likely (<5% probability) to need knee surgery. This model can quickly and easily conduct triage at the time of appointment request to ensure that patients with the highest likelihood of receiving a recommendation for surgical intervention are seen by surgical providers, while those who are unlikely to receive such a recommendation can be seen by nonsurgical providers.
Kinetics of immune cell reconstitution predict survival in allogeneic bone marrow and G-CSF–mobilized stem cell transplantation
Authors: Waller Edmund K. , Logan Brent R. , Fei Mingwei , Lee Stephanie J. , Confer Dennis , Howard Alan , Chandrakasan Shanmuganathan , Anasetti Claudio , Fernando Shanelle M. , Giver Cynthia R. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The clinical utility of monitoring immune reconstitution after allotransplant was evaluated using data from Blood and Marrow Transplant Clinical Trials Network BMT CTN 0201 (NCT00075816), a multicenter randomized study of unrelated donor bone marrow (BM) vs granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)–mobilized blood stem cell (G-PB) grafts. Among 410 patients with posttransplant flow cytometry measurements of immune cell subsets, recipients of G-PB grafts had faster T-cell reconstitution than BM recipients, including more naive CD4+ T cells and T-cell receptor excision circle–positive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells at 3 months, consistent with better thymic function. Faster reconstitution of CD4+ T cells and naive CD4+ T cells at 1 month and CD8+ T cells at 3 months predicted more chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) but better survival in G-PB recipients, but consistent associations of T-cell amounts with GVHD or survival were not seen in BM recipients. In contrast, a higher number of classical dendritic cells (cDCs) in blood samples at 3 months predicted better survival in BM recipients. Functional T-cell immunity measured in vitro by cytokine secretion in response to stimulation with cytomegalovirus peptides was similar when comparing blood samples from BM and G-PB recipients, but the degree to which acute GVHD suppressed immune reconstitution varied according to graft source. BM, but not G-PB, recipients with a history of grades 2-4 acute GVHD had lower numbers of B cells, plasmacytoid dendritic cells, and cDCs at 3 months. Thus, early measurements of T-cell reconstitution are predictive cellular biomarkers for long-term survival and response to GVHD therapy in G-PB recipients, whereas more robust DC reconstitution predicted better survival in BM recipients.
Demographics, management and outcome of females and males with acute respiratory distress syndrome in the LUNG SAFE prospective cohort study
Authors: McNicholas Bairbre A. , Madotto Fabiana , Pham Tài , Rezoagli Emanuele , Masterson Claire H. , Horie Shahd , Bellani Giacomo , Brochard Laurent , Laffey John G. 
Published: July 2019

RationaleWe wished to determine the influence of sex on the management and outcomes in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients in the Large Observational Study to Understand the Global Impact of Severe Acute Respiratory Failure (LUNG SAFE).MethodsWe assessed the effect of sex on mortality, intensive care unit and hospital length of stay, and duration of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) in patients with ARDS who underwent IMV, adjusting for plausible clinical and geographic confounders.FindingsOf 2377 patients with ARDS, 905 (38%) were female and 1472 (62%) were male. There were no sex differences in clinician recognition of ARDS or critical illness severity profile. Females received higher tidal volumes (8.2±2.1versus7.2±1.6 mL·kg−1; p<0.0001) and higher plateau and driving pressures compared with males. Lower tidal volume ventilation was received by 50% of females compared with 74% of males (p<0.0001). In shorter patients (height ≤1.69 m), females were significantly less likely to receive lower tidal volumes. Surviving females had a shorter duration of IMV and reduced length of stay compared with males. Overall hospital mortality was similar in females (40.2%)versusmales (40.2%). However, female sex was associated with higher mortality in patients with severe confirmed ARDS (OR for sex (maleversusfemale) 0.35, 95% CI 0.14–0.83).ConclusionsShorter females with ARDS are less likely to receive lower tidal volume ventilation, while females with severe confirmed ARDS have a higher mortality risk. These data highlight the need for better ventilatory management in females to improve their outcomes from ARDS.