bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heart Failure Symptom Biology in Response to Ventricular Assist Device Implantation
Authors: Lee Christopher S. , Mudd James O. , Lyons Karen S. , Denfeld Quin E. , Jurgens Corrine Y. , Aouizerat Bradley E. , Gelow Jill M. , Chien Christopher V. , Aarons Emily , Grady Kathleen L. 
Published: November 2018

Background:
We have a limited understanding of the biological underpinnings of symptoms in heart failure (HF), particularly in response to left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to quantify the degree to which symptoms and biomarkers change in parallel from before implantation through the first 6 months after LVAD implantation in advanced HF.

Methods:
This was a prospective cohort study of 101 patients receiving an LVAD for the management of advanced HF. Data on symptoms (dyspnea, early and subtle symptoms [HF Somatic Perception Scale], pain severity [Brief Pain Inventory], wake disturbance [Epworth Sleepiness Scale], depression [Patient Health Questionnaire], and anxiety [Brief Symptom Inventory]) and peripheral biomarkers of myocardial stretch, systemic inflammation, and hypervolumetric mechanical stress were measured before implantation with a commercially available LVAD and again at 30, 90, and 180 days after LVAD implantation. Latent growth curve and parallel process modeling were used to describe changes in symptoms and biomarkers and the degree to which they change in parallel in response to LVAD implantation.

Results:
In response to LVAD implantation, changes in myocardial stretch were closely associated with changes in early and subtle physical symptoms as well as depression, and changes in hypervolumetric stress were closely associated with changes in pain severity and wake disturbances. Changes in systemic inflammation were not closely associated with changes in physical or affective symptoms in response to LVAD implantation.

Conclusions:
These findings provide new insights into the many ways in which symptoms and biomarkers provide concordant or discordant information about LVAD response.
Effects of exercise interventions for specific cognitive domains in old adults with mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Zhou Xiang-Lian , Wang Li-Na , Wang Jie , Shen Xin-Hua , Zhao Xia 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Background:
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is the clinical prognosis that leads to dementia. Early intervention of MCI is critical to protect against dementia. Exercise intervention has gained popularity for the management of MCI. Most current studies have focused only on improvements made by exercise interventions on the global/general cognitive function and/or a specific cognitive function. However, no studies have been performed on a subgroup analysis of the effects of exercise interventions on different cognitive domains of the elderly with MCI. The exploration of this issue will help to clarify the influence and through a preliminary analysis identify the level of influence of exercise interventions on particular cognitive domains, and it will provide the theoretical framework for the construction of precise exercise intervention strategies for MCI patients.

Methods:
A systematic review of electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, the Wan Fang Database, and CBM), supplemented by expert contact, reference and citation checking, and gray literature searches have been conducted. There is no restriction on language or publication status. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and add another 3 items according to PEDpro, including “the type of statistical analyses used (true intention-to-treat vs other),” “eligibility criteria,” and “baseline comparability,” are used to assess the risk of bias. Primary outcomes of interest are standardized measurements of executive functions, memory, language, processing speed, and attention. If possible, we conduct a meta-analysis to synthesize the evidence for each outcome.

Results:
This study will provide a high-quality synthesis of current evidence of exercise for MCI patients.

Conclusion:
The conclusion of this systematic review will provide evidence to judge whether exercise is an effective intervention for patient with MCI and preliminary ranking of the effects of exercise on specific cognitive domains.

Prospero registration number:
CRD42018093902
Intracervical Foley catheter balloon versus dinoprostone insert for induction cervical ripening
Authors: Zhu Lixia , Zhang Cong , Cao Fang , Liu Qin , Gu Xing , Xu Jianhao , Li Jianqing 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Background:
Successful labor induction depends on the cervical status at the time of induction. Currently, both a Foley catheter and a dinoprostone insert are used for effective cervical ripening. This study compared the efficacy and safety of the intracervical Foley catheter and dinoprostone insert for cervical ripening to achieve successful labor induction.

Methods:
PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched from January 2000 to February 2017 for relevant articles. Only published randomized, controlled trials comparing the dinoprostone insert with the Foley catheter were included.

Results:
Eight trials including 1191 women who received the intracervical Foley catheter balloon and 1199 who received the dinoprostone insert were used for this study. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups regarding the induction-to-delivery (I-D) interval in a random effect model (mean difference, 0.71 hours; 95% confidence interval [CI], −2.50 to 3.91; P = .67). The highly significant heterogeneity (I
2 = 97%) could be explained by the subgroup analysis of the type of Foley catheter and balloon volume. There was no significant difference between the 2 methods regarding the cesarean delivery rate (relative risk, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.78–1.07; P = .24), Apgar score, or side effects, including maternal infection rate, postpartum hemorrhage, and hyperstimulation. No obvious publication bias was found.

Conclusions:
According to the cesarean delivery rate, the intracervical Foley catheter balloon was as efficient as the dinoprostone insert. A moderate balloon volume (30 mL) and higher dose of dinoprostone (≥6 mg) were related to shorter I-D intervals. Additionally, there was no significant difference between the two methods regarding maternal or neonatal safety.
Surgical versus nonsurgical treatment for scaphoid waist fracture with slight or no displacement
Authors: Li Hangyu , Guo Wenlai , Guo Shanshan , Zhao Shishun , Li Rui 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Background:
Surgical or nonsurgical treatment for scaphoid waist fracture with slight or no displacement is still controversial. This study compared the efficacy of the 2 methods through meta-analysis to provide a reference for the choice of clinical treatment options.

Methods:
Two individuals independently searched for relevant RCTs and cohort studies from PubMed (1946–February 2018), Embase (1946–February 2018), and Cochrane library (1997–February 2018). After quality assessment and data extraction, Stata 14 software was used for combining the effect size, testing heterogeneity, and studying bias. GRADEpro was used to rate the level of evidence.

Results:
Ten RCTs and 4 cohort studies with 765 patients were included. No statistical difference in satisfaction, pain, and Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand score was found after surgical and nonsurgical treatments. Compared with nonsurgical treatment, surgical treatment shortened the time to union (SMD = −5.01, 95% CI: −7.47 to −2.58, P = .000), decreased the convalescence (SMD = −2.09, 95% CI: −3.08 to −1.11, P = .000), and reduced the incidence of nonunion (RR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.24–0.90), P = .023). Subgroup analyses showed that the percutaneous fixation treatment can shorten the time to union [SMD = −1.82, 95%CI (−2.22 to −1.42), P = = .000] and the convalescence (SMD = −4.26, 95%CI: −6.16 to −2.35, P = = .054), and open reduction fixation treatment can reduce the incidence of nonunion (RR = 0.20, 95%CI: 0.06–0.69, P = = .01).

Conclusion:
For scaphoid waist fractures with slight or no displacement, there was no statistical difference in patient satisfaction, pain, and The Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand scores between surgical treatment and nonsurgical treatment. Closed surgical treatment can shorten the time to union and convalescence, and open reduction can reduce the incidence of nonunion. On the basis of this conclusion, chief physicians can consider which treatment to use according to the patient's clinical situation and their subjective intention.
Sarcopenia is poor prognostic factor in older patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who received preoperative or postoperative chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Park Song Ee , Hwang In Gyu , Choi Chang Hwan , Kang Hyun , Kim Beom Gyu , Park Byung Kwan , Cha Seong Jae , Jang Joung-Soon , Choi Jin Hwa 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Sarcopenia is associated with low muscle mass and low physical performance. Here, we performed to evaluate the sarcopenia as prognostic factor and treatment outcomes in older patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) who received preoperative or postoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT).
LARC patients aged ≥65 years who received either preoperative or postoperative CRT were analyzed retrospectively. Preoperative or postoperative CRT consisted of 50.4 Gy and fluoropyrimidine. Surgery was performed at 6 weeks after CRT completion. Postoperative CRT was performed at 4 weeks after surgery. One month after surgery or CRT, adjuvant chemotherapy was given. Overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS), local recurrence (LR), and prognostic factor were evaluated.
Thirty patients received preoperative CRT and 35 patients received postoperative CRT. Five-year OS rate, 5-year DFS rate, or 5-year LR rate was not significantly different between preoperative and postoperative CRT groups (69.0%, 58.5%, and 3.4% vs 73.6%, 67.9%, and 6.9%, P = .56, P = .37, and P = .77, respectively). Age, sex, stage, CEA level, or timing of CRT did not affect OS. However, 5-year OS rate of patients with sarcopenia was significantly lower than those without sarcopenia (38.0% vs 92.5%, P < .001). Multivariate analysis showed that sarcopenia was the only independent prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) (hazard ratio [HR]: 6.08, P = .001).
There was no difference in survival between preoperative CRT and postoperative CRT in older patients with LARC. Sarcopenia is a poor prognostic factor in older patients with LARC who received preoperative or postoperative CRT.
Therapeutic effects of sensory input training on motor function rehabilitation after stroke
Authors: Chen Xiaowei , Liu Fuqian , Yan Zhaohong , Cheng Shihuan , Liu Xunchan , Li He , Li Zhenlan 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Motor dysfunction is a common and severe complication of stroke that affects the quality of life of these patients. Currently, motor function rehabilitation predominantly focuses on active movement training; nevertheless, the role of sensory input is usually overlooked. Sensory input is very important to motor function. Voluntary functional movement necessitates preparation, execution, and monitoring functions of the central nervous system, while the monitoring needs the participation of the sensory system. Sensory signals affect motor functions by inputting external environment information and intrinsic physiological status as well as by guiding initiation of the motor system. Recent studies focusing on sensory input-based rehabilitation training for post-stroke dyskinesia have demonstrated that sensory function has significant effects on voluntary functional movements. In conclusion, sensory input plays a crucial role in motor function rehabilitation, and the combined sensorimotor training modality is more effective than conventional motor-oriented approaches.
An incidental diagnosis of a giant paraovarian cyst in a female teenager
Authors: Mărginean Cristina Oana , Mărginean Claudiu , Meliţ Lorena Elena , Săsăran Vlăduţ Ştefan , Poruţiu Mihai , Mărginean Cristian Dan 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Rationale:
Paraovarian cysts (PCs) are cystic tumors that can be encountered between the ovarian hilum and the ovarian fimbria located within the mesosalpinx and broad ligament, being usually diagnosed within the 3rd and 4th decade of life.

Patient concerns:
We report the case of a 15-year-old female admitted in our clinic for consciousness loss, who was incidentally diagnosed with a giant pelvic cystic at ultrasound.

Diagnoses:
The magnetic resonance image showed a cystic mass of 170/140/85 mm, suggesting an origin from the left ovary, reaching the subhepatic area.

Interventions and outcomes:
The surgical intervention revealed 3 PCs, a giant one and 2 smaller ones within the large ligament. The cysts were removed by laparoscopic approach, and the histologic examination did not reveal any signs of neoplasia.

Lessons:
In addition to their rarity, giant PCs can be an incidental diagnosis in patients presenting unrelated symptoms resulting in increased difficulties related to the diagnosis. Moreover, the imagistic tools might not establish precisely the origin of these cysts, and therefore, the final diagnosis and treatment approach could be determined sometimes only during the surgical intervention.
LncRNA PCAT-1 in gastrointestinal cancers
Authors: Liu Wanwei , Xu Jiwei 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Background:
Prostate-cancer-associated ncRNA transcript 1 (PCAT-1), a newly discovered lncRNA, was implicated in the progression of multiple tumors. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine its prognostic potential for gastrointestinal cancers.

Methods:
A literature survey was conducted by searching the PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase together with Wanfang, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database for articles published as of October 15, 2017. Hazard ratio (HR) or odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated to demonstrate prognostic value of PCAT-1 using Stata 12.0 software.

Results:
A total of 6 studies with 961 cases were pooled in the analysis to evaluate the prognostic value of PCAT-1 in gastrointestinal cancers. Increased PCAT-1 expression was significantly correlated with poor overall survival (OS) (HR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.02–1.06). Statistical significance was also observed in subgroup meta-analysis stratified by cancer type, histology type, sample size, and analysis type. Additionally, high expression of PCAT-1 was significantly associated with deeper tumor invasion (OR = 4.46, 95% CI: 3.00–6.63), positive lymph node metastasis (OR = 3.76, 95% CI: 1.39–10.16), and advanced clinical stage (OR = 4.09, 95% CI: 1.55–10.82).

Conclusion:
High expression of PCAT-1 was related to poor prognosis and could be a promising biomarker of clinicopathologic features in gastrointestinal cancers. More studies will be necessary to verify and strengthen the clinical value of PCAT-1 in gastrointestinal cancers.
Colombian School Children With Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Respond Differently to Family Stress Than Healthy Children
Authors: Lu Peter L. , Blom Puck J.J. , Qian Qian , Velasco‐Benítez Carlos A. , Benninga Marc A. , Saps Miguel 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTOur objective is to compare coping methods, stress responses, and resilience in children with and without functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) in response to common sources of stress. We performed a case‐control study. Children meeting criteria for FGIDs and matched controls completed measures of response to stress (Peer Stress, Family Stress, Academic Problems, and Recurrent Abdominal Pain versions of the Response to Stress Questionnaire) and resilience (Connor‐Davidson Resilience Scale 10). We included 134 children with an FGID (57 with functional constipation and 74 with an abdominal pain‐predominant FGID) and 135 controls. Children with FGIDs were more likely to take action (P < 0.001) and less likely to remain involuntarily engaged (P < 0.001) in response to family stress. Response to peer and academic stress and measures of resilience were similar between groups. Further research is needed to better understand the role that family stress and a child's response play in the pathophysiology of pediatric FGIDs.
Excellence in Population Health
Authors: Warren Cheryl , Lemieux Amy A. , Phoenix Bittner Nancy 
Published: November 2018

Purpose/Objective:
The Community-based Care Transitions Program (CCTP) defined a broad spectrum of interventions and services for elderly patients at high risk of hospital readmission. The purposes for a CCTP as developed by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services are to improve transitions of beneficiaries from the inpatient hospital setting to other care settings, to improve quality of care, to reduce readmissions for high-risk beneficiaries, and to document measurable savings. The goals for this CCTP initiative were as follows: achievement of a 20% reduction in the 30-day all-cause readmission rate across all partner hospitals compared with baseline; reduction in the 30-day all-cause readmission rate among the high-risk cohort served; and achievement of the target volumes for full enrollment.

Primary Practice Settings:
The partnership included acute care institutions and community-based care organizations that have been involved with care transition programs for years and have a long history of working collaboratively to provide services to a largely low-income, underserved, and ethnically and racially diverse target population.

Findings/Conclusions:
The program successfully transitioned to full operation within the first year of inception. To date, the partnership of the acute hospital setting and the community-based organizations has reached and provided services to nearly 8,000 total individuals, surpassing our target enrollment goal. To date, the readmission rate has decreased to 12.5%, which is an 11% decline since inception of the program.

Implications for Case Management Practice:
The collaboration of health care providers, social workers, nurse practitioners, physicians, community pharmacists, and the visiting nurses is integral to a successful transition from hospital to home. Home visits by the transition facilitators allowed for the coordination of a multitude of services in the community, including those previously available to patients in the past that have rarely been accessed. Including a pharmacist on the team provided teaching regarding medication adherence, medication management, and pharmacy services, which added to interventions to decrease future hospitalizations.
Examining the Perceived Effects of an Adult Day Program for Individuals With Dementia and Their Caregivers
Authors: Thompson Karen Helena , Fletcher Paula Christine 
Published: November 2018

Background:
Currently 564 000 Canadians are living with dementia, and this number is expected to rise significantly in the next 15 years. Many individuals with dementia use adult day programs; however, contradictory evidence exists as to the effects that adult day programs have on individuals with dementia and their caregivers.

Purpose/Aims:
The purpose of this study was to examine the perceived effects that an adult day program had on individuals with dementia and their caregivers, from the perspective of care providers at an adult day program.

Design:
A qualitative research design was used to guide this study.

Methods:
One-on-one semistructured interviews were completed with all of the adult day program care providers (n = 7). Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data.

Results:
The adult day program care providers identified several benefits of adult day programs for individuals with dementia and their caregivers. Two themes emerged, including (1) the role of care providers and (2) time to breathe.

Conclusions:
Adult day programs have the potential to benefit caregivers and care recipients. Other community support programs may be able to use the knowledge gained from this qualitative study to implement strategies into existing adult day programs to provide support for care recipients and caregivers.
Avoiding Furosemide Ototoxicity Associated With Single-Ventricle Repair in Young Infants*
Authors: Robertson Charlene M. T. , Bork Karin T. , Tawfik Gerda , Bond Gwen Y. , Hendson Leonora , Dinu Irina A. , Khodayari Moez Elham , Rebeyka Ivan M. , Garcia Guerra Gonzalo , Joffe Ari R. 
Published: November 2018

Objective:
To reduce bilateral delayed-onset progressive sensory permanent hearing loss using a systems-wide quality improvement project with adherence to best practice for the administration of furosemide.

Design:
Prospective cohort study with regular audiologic follow-up assessment of survivors both before and after a 2007–2008 quality improvement practice change.

Setting:
The referral center in Western Canada for complex cardiac surgery, with comprehensive multidisciplinary follow-up by the Complex Pediatric Therapies Follow-up Program.

Patients:
All consecutive patients having single-ventricle palliative cardiac surgery at age 6 weeks old or younger.

Interventions:
A 2007–2008 quality improvement practice change consisted of a Parenteral Drug Monograph revision indicating slow IV administration of furosemide, an educational program, and an evaluation.

Measurements and Main Results:
The outcome measure was the prevalence of permanent hearing loss by 4 years old. Firth multiple logistic regression compared pre (1996–2008) to post (2008–2012) practice change occurrence of permanent hearing loss, adjusting for confounding variables, including all hospital days, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, cardiopulmonary bypass time, age at first surgery, dialysis, and sepsis. From 1996 to 2012, 259 infants had single-ventricle palliative surgery at age 6 weeks old or younger, with 173 (64%) surviving to age 4 years. Of survivors, 106 (61%) were male, age at surgery was 11.6 days (9.0 d), and total hospitalization days by age 4 years were 64 (42); 18 (10%) had cardiopulmonary resuscitation and 38 (22%) had sepsis at any time. All 173 (100%) had 4-year follow-up. Pre- to postpractice change permanent hearing loss dropped from 17/100 (17%) to 0/73 (0%) of survivors. On Firth multiple logistic regression, the only variable statistically associated with permanent hearing loss was the pre- to postpractice change time period (odds ratio, 0.03; 95% CI, 0–0.35; p = 0.001).

Conclusions:
A practice change to ensure slow IV administration of furosemide eliminated permanent hearing loss. Centers caring for critically ill infants, particularly those with single-ventricle anatomy or hypoxia, should review their drug administration guidelines and adhere to best practice for administration of IV furosemide.