bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human Spinal Oligodendrogenic Neural Progenitor Cells Promote Functional Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury by Axonal Remyelination and Tissue Sparing
Authors: Nagoshi Narihito , Khazaei Mohamad , Ahlfors Jan-Eric , Ahuja Christopher S. , Nori Satoshi , Wang Jian , Shibata Shinsuke , Fehlings Michael G. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Cell transplantation therapy utilizing neural precursor cells (NPCs) is a conceptually attractive strategy for traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) to replace lost cells, remyelinate denuded host axons and promote tissue sparing. However, the number of mature oligodendrocytes that differentiate from typical NPCs remains limited. Herein, we describe a novel approach to bias the differentiation of directly reprogrammed human NPCs (drNPCs) toward a more oligodendrogenic fate (oNPCs) while preserving their tripotency. The oNPCs derived from different lines of human NPCs showed similar characteristics in vitro. To assess the in vivo efficacy of this approach, we used oNPCs derived from drNPCs and transplanted them into a SCI model in immunodeficient Rowett Nude (RNU) rats. The transplanted cells showed significant migration along the rostrocaudal axis and proportionally greater differentiation into oligodendrocytes. These cells promoted perilesional tissue sparing and axonal remyelination, which resulted in recovery of motor function. Moreover, after transplantation of the oNPCs into intact spinal cords of immunodeficient NOD/SCID mice, we detected no evidence of tumor formation even after 5 months of observation. Thus, biasing drNPC differentiation along an oligodendroglial lineage represents a promising approach to promote tissue sparing, axonal remyelination, and neural repair after traumatic SCI.
Sliding wear‐induced nano‐tribofilm formation from EP/AW agent on copper foil against ferroalloy counterparts under high load
Authors: Xiong Sang , Sun Jianlin 
Published: August 2018

Sliding friction of copper foil surface, which was exposed to bis (6‐acetyl‐1,3,6,2 ‐dioxazaborocan‐2‐yl) methyl phosphate (NEPB) as extreme‐pressure/antiwear agent in base oil while rubbing by a ferroalloy disk under high load, was explored in a multi‐specimen test machine to investigate the wear mechanism of NEPB on thin film lubrication. The results reveal that NEPB reduces the friction coefficient to ~0.16 at normal load of 200 N, and it has better antiwear and friction‐reducing property than the common copper oil. Ferroalloy against copper foil is along the Cu (111) direction, and the friction coefficient decrease relies on the spontaneous formation of chemically nanolayered tribofilm (approx. 30 nm) during sliding wear. The size of wear debris arranges from 6 nm to submicron. Decomposed borate esters and organic nitrides were adsorbed on the worn surface and P element of NEPB as extreme‐pressure/antiwear agent reacted with Cu and existed in the form of phosphates, both of which contributed to the formation of boundary lubricating film.
Graphene‐Wrapped Nanoporous Nickel‐Cobalt Oxide Flakes for Electrochemical Supercapacitors
Authors: Azhar Alowasheeir , Zakaria Mohamed B. , Lin Jianjian , Chikyow Toyohiro , Martin Darren J. , Alghamdi Yousef Gamaan , Alshehri Abdulmohsen Ali , Bando Yoshio , Hossain Md. Shahriar A. , Wu Kevin C.‐W. , Kumar Nanjundan Ashok , Yamauchi Yusuke 
Published: August 2018

AbstractA novel approach for hybridizing nanoporous NiCo oxide flakes with graphene sheets is reported. Positively charged cyano‐bridged CoNi coordination polymer flakes (CoNi‐CP) are mixed with graphene (G) suspension with negatively charged surface. Due to effective electrostatic interaction, both the materials are hybridized to form CoNi‐CP/G composite. The as‐prepared CoNi‐CP/G composite is thermally treated in air, to remove the organic components without affecting the integrity of the parent G sheets. Through the thermal treatment, the CoNi‐CP flakes wrapped into G sheets are converted to NiCo oxide, resulting in a new composite consisting of NiCo oxide flakes and G sheets. The NiCo‐oxide/G composite shows the high specific capacitance (∼ 199 F g‐1) at 5 mV/s, and features the good capacitance retention of ∼68% at 100 mV(∼ 135 F g−1).
Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of Novel Symmetric Bis‐1,2,4‐triazolin‐3‐ones as Potent Inhibitors of CYP51: An Antifungal Activity Study
Authors: Somagond Shilpa M. , Kamble Ravindra R. , Shaikh Saba Kauser J. , Bayannavar Praveen K. , Joshi Shrinivas D. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractImprovement of antifungal agents is a good solution to beat the drug‐resistance problems. In this context, a series of novel bis‐1,2,4‐triazolin‐3‐ones (5i‐t) were designed and synthesized by microwave irradiation (MWI), a convenient and efficient method. An effort was also made to get these bis‐1,2,4‐triazolin‐3‐ones (5i‐t) by one‐pot three‐component reaction (3CR) using 3‐aryl‐5‐methyl‐1,3,4‐oxadiazol‐2(3H)‐one (2a‐b), formamide and dibromo reagent (4c‐h) under microwave irradiation (MWI). In vitro antifungal activity was carried out against six pathogenic fungi. From the results it was observed that the newly synthesized bis‐1,2,4‐triazolin‐3‐ones (5i‐t) have shown excellent activity against all the tested pathogenic fungi with least MIC values in the range of 0.80 μg/ml to 0.20 μg/ml. Particularly, in comparison with the reference drug Fluconazole and mono‐1,2,4‐triazolin‐3‐ones (3a‐b) some of the bis‐1,2,4‐triazolin‐3‐ones (5i, 5j, 5 m, 5p and 5r) have shown broad spectrum of antifungal activity. Further, the molecular docking study has been performed for all the tested compounds with 14α‐demethylase (CYP51) as target enzyme and this study validated the experimental results. Thus, docking study has culminated in the identification of a new class of potent inhibitors of CYP51. The results provide significant information for the future design of more potent antifungal agents.
Fe3O4 @ PLGA‐PEG Nanocomposite for Improved Delivery of Methotrexate in Cancer Treatment
Authors: Basu Tanushree , Singh Satnam , Pal Bonamali 
Published: August 2018

AbstractMagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles are gaining significance in drug delivery applications owing to their targeting capability. Surface modification of amphiphilic block polymers by Fe3O4 nanoparticles increases their properties. In this study, Fe3O4 @ PLGA‐PEG nanocomposite is prepared by double emulsion (w/o/w) method. A shift in the 2Θ values for the composite in XRD attributes to interaction between Fe3O4 and PLGA‐PEG. Also, a shift in the Fe‐O band in the FTIR spectrum of Fe3O4@PLGA‐PEG from 578 cm‐1 to 510 cm‐1 confirms the formation of nanocomposite. Surface morphology of the prepared nanocomposite is analyzed by TEM and AFM. Decrease in agglomeration due to electrostatic repulsion between the polymer chains and magnetic particles is observed while an increased surface area (61.0nm) confirms the formation of the nanocomposite. To determine the effectiveness of the prepared magnetically modified nanoparticles, methotrexate (anticancer drug) is encapsulated into the nanocomposite. High entrapment efficiency of 95% is observed when polymer:drug is 1:1. The in‐vitro release profile shows that pH of release medium plays a significant role. At physiological pH of 7.3 there is only 15% methotrexate release while nearly 86% of methotrexate release is observed at acidic pH of 4.6 over 72h. Korsemeyer‐Peppas model of drug release (R2‐0.9868) represents swelling controlled release of methotrexate. Further, the cytotoxic cell viability assay on SK‐BR‐3 (breast adinocarcinoma) cells showed that methotrexate loaded onto the nanocomposite showed higher cell viability as compared to free methotrexate after 96h of incubation. The fluorescent cell imaging also showed that methotrexate released slowly from the nanoparticles and diffused into the nucleus without losing its cytotoxic effect on the cancer cells. Based on these properties of the magnetically modified PLGA‐PEG nanoparticles they can be used as targeting drug delivery agents in treatment of cancer therapy.
Aliphatic Polycarbonate‐Based Solid‐State Polymer Electrolytes for Advanced Lithium Batteries: Advances and Perspective
Authors: Zhang Jianjun , Yang Jinfeng , Dong Tiantian , Zhang Min , Chai Jingchao , Dong Shanmu , Wu Tianyuan , Zhou Xinhong , Cui Guanglei 
Published: August 2018

AbstractConventional liquid electrolytes based lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) might suffer from serious safety hazards. Solid‐state polymer electrolytes (SPEs) are very promising candidate with high security for advanced LIBs. However, the quintessential frailties of pristine polyethylene oxide/lithium salts SPEs are poor ionic conductivity (≈10−8 S cm−1) at 25 °C and narrow electrochemical window (<4 V). Many innovative researches are carried out to enhance their lithium‐ion conductivity (10−4 S cm−1 at 25 °C), which is still far from meeting the needs of high‐performance power LIBs at ambient temperature. Therefore, it is a pressing urgency of exploring novel polymer host materials for advanced SPEs aimed to develop high‐performance solid lithium batteries. Aliphatic polycarbonate, an emerging and promising solid polymer electrolyte, has attracted much attention of academia and industry. The amorphous structure, flexible chain segments, and high dielectric constant endow this class of polymer electrolyte excellent comprehensive performance especially in ionic conductivity, electrochemical stability, and thermally dimensional stability. To date, many types of aliphatic polycarbonate solid polymer electrolyte are discovered. Herein, the latest developments on aliphatic polycarbonate SPEs for solid‐state lithium batteries are summarized. Finally, main challenges and perspective of aliphatic polycarbonate solid polymer electrolytes are illustrated at the end of this review.
Intrinsically Fluorescent, Stealth Polypyrazoline Nanoparticles with Large Stokes Shift for In Vivo Imaging
Authors: Mane Shivshankar R. , Hsiao I‐Lun , Takamiya Masanari , Le Dao , Straehle Uwe , Barner‐Kowollik Christopher , Weiss Carsten , Delaittre Guillaume 
Published: August 2018

AbstractRecent advances in super‐resolution microscopy and fluorescence bioimaging allow exploring previously inaccessible biological processes. To this end, there is a need for novel fluorescent probes with specific features in size, photophysical properties, colloidal and optical stabilities, as well as biocompatibility and ability to evade the reticuloendothelial system. Herein, novel fluorescent nanoparticles are introduced based on an inherently fluorescent polypyrazoline (PPy) core and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) shell, which address all aforementioned challenges. Synthesis of the PPy‐PEG amphiphilic block copolymer by phototriggered step‐growth polymerization is investigated by NMR spectroscopy, size‐exclusion chromatography, and mass spectrometry. The corresponding nanoparticles are characterized for their luminescent properties and hydrodynamic size in various aqueous environments (e.g., cell culture media). PPy nanoparticles particularly exhibit a large Stokes shift (Δλ = 160 nm or Δν > 7000 cm−1) with visible light excitation and strong colloidal stability. While clearance by macrophages and endothelial cells is minimal, PPy displays good biocompatibility. Finally, PPy nanoparticles prove to be long circulating when injected in zebrafish embryos, as observed by in vivo time‐lapse fluorescence microscopy. In summary, PPy nanoparticles are highly promising to be further developed as fluorescent nanodelivery systems with low toxicity and exquisite retention in the blood stream.
Black Phosphorus Nanosheets Passivation Using a Tripeptide
Authors: Wang Huaying , Hu Kuan , Li Zhe , Wang Chan , Yu Min , Li Zigang , Li Zhou 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn the past several years, 2D black phosphorus (BP) has captured the research community's interest because of its unique electronic, photonic, and mechanical properties. However, the intrinsic instability of BP limits its preservation and practical application. Despite kinds of BP passivation strategies being well‐documented, the use of metal ligand coordination or polymer modification may have potential long‐term detrimental effects on human bodies. Here, a tailored tripeptide Fmoc‐Lys‐Lys‐Phe (Fmoc‐KKF) is synthesized for surface modification of BP nanosheets. Compared with bare BP with rapid degradation, the BP@FKK complex exhibits excellent stability, thereby significantly increasing the life span. Significantly, the BP@FKK shows favorable cell compatibility and enhanced cellular uptake compared to the bare BP.
High‐Efficient, Stable Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution in Acid Media by Amorphous FexP Coating Fe2N Supported on Reduced Graphene Oxide
Authors: Yu Peng , Wang Lei , Xie Ying , Tian Chungui , Sun Fanfei , Ma Jingyuan , Tong Miaomiao , Zhou Wei , Li Jinghong , Fu Honggang 
Published: August 2018

AbstractDevelopment of efficient and durable non‐Pt catalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in acid media is highly desirable. Iron nitride has emerged as a promising catalyst for its cost‐effective nature, but the corresponding acidic stability must be promoted. Herein, phosphorus‐decorated Fe2N and reduced graphene oxide (P‐Fe2N/rGO) composite are designed and synthesized. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X‐ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) show that a thin layer amorphous iron phosphide is coated on the surface of Fe2N nanoparticles, which could be responsible for the well resistance of chemical corrosion in acidic media. Meanwhile, the P‐decoration could tune the electronic state and coordination environment of iron atom as evidenced by XAFS, resulting in dramatically enhanced electrocatalytic activity of P‐Fe2N/rGO. Density functional theory calculations reveal that both the P‐connected N atoms and the Fe atoms in P‐Fe2N/rGO catalyst are the main active sites for H* adsorption. The hydrogen‐binding free energy |ΔGH*| value is close to zero for P‐Fe2N/rGO, suggesting a good balance between the Volmer and Heyrovsky/Tafel steps in HER kinetics. As expected, P‐Fe2N/rGO catalyst could achieve a low ηonset of 22.4 mV, a small Tafel plot of 48.7 mV dec−1, and remarkable stability for HER in acid electrolyte.
Alkylated Meso‐Macroporous Metal–Organic Framework Hollow Tubes as Nanocontainers of Octadecane for Energy Storage and Thermal Regulation
Authors: Tang Jia , Chen Xingyu , Zhang Liguo , Yang Mu , Wang Peng , Dong Wenjun , Wang Ge , Yu Fang , Tao Jinzhang 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAlkylated meso‐macroporous Cr‐MIL‐101 hollow tubes (ACHT) are synthesized through the coordination of Cr3+ with alkylated bridged ligands. The alkylated ligands work as both bridging ligands and structure‐directing agents, which presents a new strategy for synthesizing meso‐macroporous metal–organic frameworks (MOFs). This is the first example of 1D meso‐macroporous MOF hollow tubes with large pore diameter (5–136 nm). Furthermore, the octadecane@ACHT form‐stable phase change materials (FSPCMs) are prepared using ACHT as nanocontainers for octadecane. The nanocavity of ACHT possesses enough storage space for octadecane, and the large number of alkyl chains on the ACHT framework induces octadecane molecules to crystallize from α‐ to β‐crystals. Considering the comfortable phase transition temperature (27.7 °C) and the relatively large thermal storage capacity (187 J g−1), the octadecane@ACHT FSPCMs can be used in interior wall of building to improve the indoor thermal comfort or in the field of thermal‐regulated textiles and clothing.
Colloids of Holey Gd2O3 Nanosheets Converted from Exfoliated Gadolinium Hydroxide Layers
Authors: Jeon Ki‐Wan , Zhang Luojiang , Choi Seonyeong , Lee In Su 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis paper proposes a confined solid‐state conversion approach using layered metal‐hydroxides for the production of a colloidal suspension of porous 2D crystalline metal oxide layers with superior electrochemical H2O2 sensing performance. This study investigates the conversion chemistry of delaminated layers of gadolinium hydroxide (LGdH), [Gd2(OH)5]+, encapsulated in a silica nanoshell that provides an antistacking and antisintering environment during the phase‐transition at high temperature. Thermal treatment of the LGdH layers within the protected environment results in a dimensionally confined phase‐transition into crystalline Gd2O3 nanosheets with an isomorphic 2D structure. Furthermore, annealing at higher temperatures leads to the evolution of in‐plane mesoporous structure on the Gd2O3 nanosheet. Based on insight acquired from in‐depth investigation, the evolution of in‐plane porosity proceeds through the in‐plane dominant silicate‐formation reaction at the interface with the surrounding silica shell. Their 2D‐anisotropic and mesoporous morphological features are preserved, producing a colloidal suspension of holey nanosheets that can be used to fabricate a thin and porous film through wet‐coating deposition. This study also demonstrates the superior electrochemical H2O2 sensing ability of the resultant porous Gd2O3 film, which represents a ≈1000‐ and 10‐fold enhancement of the detection limit and sensitivity, respectively, in comparison to previously reported Gd2O3 films.
Mobilization of innovation and investment resources for environmental management in Russian federation regions
Authors: Nagoev Alim Beslanovich , Rokotyanskaya Violetta Valerievna , Batova Bella Zaurbekovna , Bischekova Fatima Ruslanovna , Hokonova Madina Zurovna 
Published: August 2018

AbstractInvestments in environmental management and environmental protection have a decisive influence on the future of a region and its place in the economic development of the country as a whole. In this article, the principal differences between investment in environmental management and the financing of other projects are discussed. It is proven that, at present, the investment policy in the field of environmental protection of a region is oriented primarily toward current results. In such cases, it is possible to achieve only short‐term goals, and ultimately, to miss the prospect of further conservation of resources. Hence, short‐term investments in environmental protection activities and the achievement of rapid results are replaced by the commitment to promising, long‐term strategic growth. This article notes that the most effective form of implementing environmental monitoring is through environmental auditing, as auditing is performed at the expense of customers and does not require public financing. Furthermore, the effects of implementing environmental policies based on the results of environmental auditing can be even more significant than the results achieved under the State's environmental protection measures
Perinatal changes in cardiac geometry and function in growth‐restricted fetuses at term
Authors: Patey O. , Carvalho J. S. , Thilaganathan B. 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of fetal growth restriction (FGR) at term on fetal and neonatal cardiac geometry and function.MethodsThis was a prospective study of 87 pregnant women delivering at term, comprising 54 normally grown and 33 FGR pregnancies. Fetal and neonatal conventional and spectral tissue Doppler and two‐dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography were performed a few days before and within hours after birth. Fetal cardiac geometry, global myocardial deformation and performance and systolic and diastolic function were compared between normal and FGR pregnancies before and after birth.ResultsCompared with normally grown fetuses, FGR fetuses exhibited more globular ventricular geometry and poorer myocardial deformation and cardiac function (left ventricular (LV) sphericity index (SI), 0.54 vs 0.49; right ventricular (RV) SI, 0.60 vs 0.54; LV torsion, 1.2 °/cm vs 3.0 °/cm; LV isovolumetric contraction time normalized by cardiac cycle length, 121 ms vs 104 ms; interventricular septum early diastolic myocardial peak velocity/atrial contraction myocardial diastolic peak velocity ratio, 0.60 vs 0.71; P < 0.01 for all). The poorest perinatal outcomes occurred in FGR fetuses with the most impaired cardiac functional indices. When compared with normally grown neonates, FGR neonates showed persistent alteration in cardiac parameters (LV‐SI, 0.53 vs 0.50; RV‐SI, 0.54 vs 0.44; LV torsion, 1.1 °/cm vs 1.4 °/cm; LV myocardial performance index (MPI′), 0.52 vs 0.42; P < 0.01 for all). Paired comparison of fetal vs neonatal cardiac indices in FGR demonstrated that birth was associated with a significant improvement in some, but not all, cardiac indices (RV‐SI, 0.60 vs 0.54; RV‐MPI′, 0.49 vs 0.39; P < 0.001 for all).ConclusionsCompared with normal pregnancies, FGR fetuses and neonates at term exhibit altered cardiac indices indicative of myocardial impairment that reflect adaptation to placental hypoxemia and alterations in hemodynamic load around the time of birth. Elucidating potential mechanisms that contribute to the alterations in perinatal cardiac adaptation in FGR could improve management and aid the development of better therapeutic strategies to reduce the risk of adverse pregnancy outcome. Copyright © 2018 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Geochemistry of rare-earth elements in thermal waters of Uzon–Geyzernaya hydrothermal system (Kamchatka)
Authors: Karpov G.A. , Schroeder P.A. , Nikolaeva A.G. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Precisional analyses of the abundances of La, Ce, and major elements in thermal waters and rocks of the Uzon–Geyzernaya volcanotectonic depression, supplemented by published data on a number of modern high-temperature hydrothermal systems of Kamchatka and two other areas of the world, allowed defining genetically important patterns of rare-earth elements (REE) distribution. The La and Ce abundances positively correlate with silica contents both in fresh igneous rocks of the study areas and in the products formed by hydrothermal processes. All studied hydrothermal clays are enriched in La and Ce. The general enrichment trend is similar to the pattern of positive correlation between the La and Ce abundances. Geothermal waters display a strong relationship between REE enrichment and pH. Enhanced REE enrichment trend is observed in thermal waters with abundant SO42− and K. The REE versus Cl and B diagrams show two individual fields reflecting the level of acidity–alkalinity of thermal waters. These data demonstrate that La and Ce concentrations in the products of modern hydrothermal systems (in fluids and secondary mineral phases) are governed by wallrock composition, anionic water composition, and pH/Eh-dependent adsorption processes.
Platinum-group mineral assemblage of the Prizhimny Creek (Koryak Highland)
Authors: Kutyrev A.V. , Sidorov E.G. , Antonov A.V. , Chubarov V.M. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
In the alluvial deposits of the Prizhlimny Creek (southern part of the Koryak Highland), grains of platinum-group minerals are found along with gold. We have established that the grains are native platinum (Pt, Fe) containing Cu (up to 5 wt.%), Os (up to 8 wt.%), and Rh (up to 2 wt.%). Inclusions in the platinum are native osmium (the content of Ir impurity reaches 12 wt.%, the average content being 0.2–4 wt.%), an unnamed intermetallic compound of composition PtRh, sulfides and arsenides of PGE (cooperite, laurite, malanite, cuproiridsite, cuprorhodsite, sperrylite, hollingworthite, unnamed compounds PdS, (Ir,Ru)S2, (Ir,Pt)S2, Cu, and Fe (bornite, chalcopyrite), chromite, and Cr-magnetite. Replacement of native-osmium crystals by compound IrO2 is described. It has been established that this compound formed during oxidation accompanied by the replacement of isoferroplatinum by native platinum. The data obtained agree with the results of study of platinum-group mineral assemblages from placers localized in weakly eroded Ural–Alaskan-type massifs whose apical parts formed under high oxygen activity conditions. Clinopyroxenites of the Prizhimny massif are considered to be the potential source of PGE.