bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cemented humeral stemversuspress-fit humeral stem in total shoulder arthroplasty
Authors: Uy M. , Wang J. , Horner N. S. , Bedi A. , Leroux T. , Alolabi B. , Khan M. 
Published: August 2019

AimsThe aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in revision and complication rates, functional outcomes, and radiological outcomes between cemented and press-fit humeral stems in primary anatomical total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA).Materials and MethodsA comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted searching for studies that included patients who underwent primary anatomical TSA for primary osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis.ResultsThere was a total of 36 studies with 927 cemented humeral stems and 1555 press-fit stems. The revision rate was 5.4% (95% confidence interval (CI) 3.9 to 7.4) at a mean of 89 months for cemented stems, and 2.4% (95% CI 1.1 to 4.7) at a mean of 40 months for press-fit stems. A priori subgroup analysis to control for follow-up periods demonstrated similar revision rates: 2.3% (95% CI 1.1 to 4.7) for cemented stems versus 1.8% (95% CI 1.4 to 2.9) for press-fit stems. Exploratory meta-regression found that longer follow-up was a moderating variable for revision (p = 0.003).ConclusionCement fixation had similar revision rates when compared to press-fit stems at short- to midterm follow-up. Rotator cuff pathology was a prevalent complication in both groups but is likely not related to fixation type. Overall, with comparable revision rates, possible easier revision, and decreased operative time, humeral press-fit fixation may be an optimal choice for primary anatomical TSA in patients with sufficient bone stock. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:1107–1114.
Alternating operating theatre utilization is not associated with differences in clinical or economic outcome measures in primary elective knee arthroplasty
Authors: Murphy William S. , Harris Samantha , Pahalyants Vartan , Zaki Mark M. , Lin Ben , Cheng Tony , Talmo Carl , Murphy Stephen B. 
Published: August 2019

Aims The practice of alternating operating theatres has long been used to reduce surgeon idle time between cases. However, concerns have been raised as to the safety of this practice. We assessed the payments and outcomes of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) performed during overlapping and nonoverlapping days, also comparing the total number of the surgeon’s cases and the total time spent in the operating theatre per day. Materials and Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) Limited Data Set (LDS) on all primary elective TKAs performed at the New England Baptist Hospital between January 2013 and June 2016. Using theatre records, episodes were categorized into days where a surgeon performed overlapping and nonoverlapping lists. Clinical outcomes, economic outcomes, and demographic factors were calculated. A regression model controlling for the patient-specific factors was used to compare groups. Total orthopaedic cases and aggregate time spent operating (time between skin incision and closure) were also compared. Results A total of 3633 TKAs were performed (1782 on nonoverlapping days; 1851 on overlapping days). There were no differences between the two groups for length of inpatient stay, payments, mortality, emergency room visits, or readmission during the 90-day postoperative period. The overlapping group had 0.74 fewer skilled nursing days (95% confidence interval (CI) -0.26 to -1.22; p < 0.01), and 0.66 more home health visits (95% CI 0.14 to 1.18; p = 0.01) than the nonoverlapping group. On overlapping days, surgeons performed more cases per day (5.01 vs 3.76; p < 0.001) and spent more time operating (484.55 minutes vs 357.17 minutes; p < 0.001) than on nonoverlapping days. Conclusion The study shows that the practice of alternating operating theatres for TKA has no adverse effect on the clinical outcome or economic utilization variables measured. Furthermore, there is opportunity to increase productivity with alternating theatres as surgeons with overlapping cases perform more cases and spend more time operating per day. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:1081–1086.
Posterior cruciate ligament injury is influenced by intercondylar shape and size of tibial eminence
Authors: van Kuijk K. S. R. , Reijman M. , Bierma-Zeinstra S. M. A. , Waarsing J. H. , Meuffels D. E. 
Published: August 2019

Aims Little is known about the risk factors that predispose to a rupture of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL). Identifying risk factors is the first step in trying to prevent a rupture of the PCL from occurring. The morphology of the knee in patients who rupture their PCL may differ from that of control patients. The purpose of this study was to identify any variations in bone morphology that are related to a PCL. Patients and Methods We compared the anteroposterior (AP), lateral, and Rosenberg view radiographs of 94 patients with a ruptured PCL to a control group of 168 patients matched by age, sex, and body mass index (BMI), but with an intact PCL after a knee injury. Statistical shape modelling software was used to assess the shape of the knee and determine any difference in anatomical landmarks. Results We found shape variants on the AP and Rosenberg view radiographs to be significantly different between patients who tore their PCL and those with an intact PCL after a knee injury. Overall, patients who ruptured their PCL have smaller intercondylar notches and smaller tibial eminences than control patients. Conclusion This study shows that differences in the shape of the knee are associated with the presence of a PCL rupture after injury. A smaller and more sharply angled intercondylar notch and a more flattened tibial eminence are related to PCL rupture. This suggests that the morphology of the knee is a risk factor for sustaining a PCL rupture. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:1058–1062.
Surgical repair versus conservative treatment and subacromial decompression for the treatment of rotator cuff tears
Authors: Schemitsch C. , Chahal J. , Vicente M. , Nowak L. , Flurin P-H. , Lambers Heerspink F. , Henry P. , Nauth A. 
Published: August 2019

Aims The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of surgical repair to conservative treatment and subacromial decompression for the treatment of chronic/degenerative tears of the rotator cuff. Materials and Methods PubMed, Cochrane database, and Medline were searched for randomized controlled trials published until March 2018. Included studies were assessed for methodological quality, and data were extracted for statistical analysis. The systematic review was conducted following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Results Six studies were included. Surgical repair resulted in a statistically significantly better Constant–Murley Score (CMS) at one year compared with conservative treatment (mean difference 6.15; p = 0.002) and subacromial decompression alone (mean difference 5.81; p = 0.0004). In the conservatively treated group, 11.9% of patients eventually crossed over to surgical repair. Conclusion The results of this review show that surgical repair results in significantly improved outcomes when compared with either conservative treatment or subacromial decompression alone for degenerative rotator cuff tears in older patients. However, the magnitude of the difference in outcomes between surgery and conservative treatment may be small and the ‘success rate’ of conservative treatment may be high, allowing surgeons to be judicious in choosing those patients who are most likely to benefit from surgery. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:1100–1106.
Long-term outcomes of an extracorporeal irradiated autograft for limb salvage operations in musculoskeletal tumours
Authors: Oike N. , Kawashima H. , Ogose A. , Hatano H. , Ariizumi T. , Kaidu M. , Aoyama H. , Endo N. 
Published: August 2019

AimsWe analyzed the long-term outcomes of patients observed over ten years after resection en bloc and reconstruction with extracorporeal irradiated autograftsPatients and MethodsThis retrospective study included 27 patients who underwent resection en bloc and reimplantation of an extracorporeal irradiated autograft. The mean patient age and follow-up period were 31.7 years (9 to 59) and 16.6 years (10.3 to 24.3), respectively. The most common diagnosis was osteosarcoma (n = 10), followed by chondrosarcoma (n = 6). The femur (n = 13) was the most frequently involved site, followed by the tibia (n = 7). There were inlay grafts in five patients, intercalary grafts in 15 patients, and osteoarticular grafts in seven patients. Functional outcome was evaluated with the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) scoring system.ResultsThere were no recurrences in the irradiated autograft and the autograft survived in 24 patients (88.9%). Major complications included nonunion (n = 9), subchondral bone collapse (n = 4), and deep infection (n = 4). Although 34 revision procedures were performed, 25 (73.5%) and four (11.8%) of these were performed less than five years and ten years after the initial surgery, respectively. The mean MSTS score at the last follow-up was 84.3% (33% to 100%).ConclusionConsidering long-term outcomes, extracorporeal irradiated autograft is an effective method of reconstruction for malignant musculoskeletal tumours Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:1151–1159
Risk factors for the development of avascular necrosis after femoral neck fractures in children
Authors: Wang Wentao T. , Li Yiqiang Q. , Guo Yueming M. , Li Ming , Mei Haibo B. , Shao Jingfan F. , Xiong Zhu , Li Jin , Canavese Federico , Chen Shunyou Y. 
Published: August 2019

Aims The aim of this study was to clarify the factors that predict the development of avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head in children with a fracture of the femoral neck. Patients and Methods We retrospectively reviewed 239 children with a mean age of 10.0 years (sd 3.9) who underwent surgical treatment for a femoral neck fracture. Risk factors were recorded, including age, sex, laterality, mechanism of injury, initial displacement, the type of fracture, the time to reduction, and the method and quality of reduction. AVN of the femoral head was assessed on radiographs. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the independent risk factors for AVN. Chi-squared tests and Student’s t-tests were used for subgroup analyses to determine the risk factors for AVN. Results We found that age (p = 0.006) and initial displacement (p = 0.001) were significant independent risk factors. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis indicated that 12 years of age was the cut-off for increasing the rate of AVN. Severe initial displacement (p = 0.021) and poor quality of reduction (p = 0.022) significantly increased the rate of AVN in patients aged 12 years or greater, while in those aged less than 12 years, the rate of AVN significantly increased only with initial displacement (p = 0.048). A poor reduction significantly increased the rate of AVN in patients treated by closed reduction (p = 0.026); screw and plate fixation was preferable to cannulated screw or Kirschner wire (K-wire) fixation for decreasing the rate of AVN in patients treated by open reduction (p = 0.034). Conclusion The rate of AVN increases with age, especially in patients aged 12 years or greater, and with the severity of displacement. In patients treated by closed reduction, anatomical reduction helps to decrease the rate of AVN, while in those treated by open reduction, screw and plate fixation was preferable to fixation using cannulated screws or K-wires. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:1160–1167
Long-term rates of knee arthroplasty in a cohort of 834 393 patients with a history of arthroscopic partial meniscectomy
Authors: Abram Simon G. F. , Judge Andrew , Beard David J. , Carr Andrew J. , Price Andrew J. 
Published: August 2019

Aims The aim of this study was to determine the long-term risk of undergoing knee arthroplasty in a cohort of patients with meniscal tears who had undergone arthroscopic partial meniscectomy (APM). Patients and Methods A retrospective national cohort of patients with a history of isolated APM was identified over a 20-year period. Patients with prior surgery to the same knee were excluded. The primary outcome was knee arthroplasty. Hazard ratios (HRs) were adjusted by patient age, sex, year of APM, Charlson comorbidity index, regional deprivation, rurality, and ethnicity. Risk of arthroplasty in the index knee was compared with the patient’s contralateral knee (with vs without a history of APM). A total of 834 393 patients were included (mean age 50 years; 37% female). Results Of those with at least 15 years of follow-up, 13.49% (16 256/120 493; 95% confidence interval (CI) 13.30 to 13.69) underwent subsequent arthroplasty within this time. In women, 22.07% (95% CI 21.64 to 22.51) underwent arthroplasty within 15 years compared with 9.91% of men (95% CI 9.71 to 10.12), corresponding to a risk ratio (RR) of 2.23 (95% CI 2.16 to 2.29). Relative to the general population, patients with a history of APM were over ten times more likely (RR 10.27; 95% CI 10.07 to 10.47) to undergo arthroplasty rising to almost 40 times more likely (RR 39.62; 95% CI 27.68 to 56.70) at a younger age (30 to 39 years). In patients with a history of APM in only one knee, the risk of arthroplasty in that knee was greatly elevated in comparison with the contralateral knee (no APM; HR 2.99; 95% CI 2.95 to 3.02). Conclusion Patients developing a meniscal tear undergoing APM are at greater risk of knee arthroplasty than the general population. This risk is three-times greater in the patient’s affected knee than in the contralateral knee. Women in the cohort were at double the risk of progressing to knee arthroplasty compared with men. These important new reference data will inform shared decision making and enhance approaches to treatment, prevention, and clinical surveillance. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:1071–1080.
Blood metal levels, leucocyte profiles, and cytokine profiles in patients with a modular dual-mobility hip prosthesis
Authors: Markel David C. , Bou-Akl Therese , Rossi Mario D. , Pizzimenti Natalie , Wu Bin , Ren Weiping 
Published: August 2019

AimsThe aim of this study was to evaluate blood metal ion levels, leucocyte profiles, and serum cytokines in patients with a total hip arthroplasty (THA) involving modular dual-mobility components.Patients and MethodsA total of 39 patients were recruited, with clinical follow-up of up to two years. Outcome was assessed using the Harris Hip Score (HHS, the 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12), the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and a visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain. Blood concentrations of cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), and serum cytokines were measured. Subpopulations of leucocytes were analyzed by flow cytometry.ResultsThe clinical performance was good. Blood Co levels (ref 1.0 µg/l) were mildly elevated in seven patients at three months, and two patients at two years’ follow-up. The preoperative Cr levels were normal except for one patient with a detectable Cr (1.2 µg/l). Cr levels were detectable in three patients at three months, two patients at one year, and three patients at two years’ follow-up. No patients had symptoms suggestive of failure. Although flow cytometry showed constant circulating leucocyte profiles, there was a significant reduction of serum interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and interferon gamma (IFNγ) postoperatively compared with the preoperative levels (p < 0.05).ConclusionThese results suggest that THA using modular dual-mobility components is safe. This allows an opportunity to use a large femoral head and a thick polyethylene bearing surface, which is especially useful in revision procedures or high-risk situations when added stability is required. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:1035–1041.
MicroRNA-143 as a new weapon against cancer: overview of the mechanistic insights and long non-coding RNA mediated regulation of miRNA-143 in different cancers
Authors: Farooqi Ammad Ahmad , Qureshi Muhammad Zahid , Attar Rukset , Alhewairini Saleh S , Fayyaz Sundas , Sabitaliyevich Uteuliyev Yerzhan , Duisenbayevich Tuyebakhov Meirzhan , Alaaeddine Nada 
Published: August 2019

Central dogma of molecular biology, a term coined by Francis Crick in 1958 was considered to be the cornerstone of molecular biology unless molecular biologists challenged the idea after ground-breaking discovery of non-coding RNAs. Discovery of microRNAs marked a new era and revolutionized our understanding related to puzzling mysteries about intermediate steps between transcription and translation. Technological advancements have spawned a multitude of platforms for profiling of long-noncoding RNAs and miRNAs in different cancers. Detailed investigation of mRNA targets of miRNAs has enabled high-order analyses of interconnected networks and revealed affected pathways in different cancers. miR-143 has emerged as a multi-talented tumor suppressor microRNA having considerable ability to inhibit and prevent cancer via regulation of myriad of oncogenes. In this review, we will summarize most recent evidence related to characteristically unique ability of miR-143 to target different oncogenic mRNAs in different cancers. We will also comprehensively discuss how scientists have identified multiple long non-coding RNAs reportedly involved in promoting the expression of oncogenes by interfering with miR-143 mediated targeting of these oncogenes. Because of excellent ability of miR-143 to effectively target oncogenic mRNAs, researchers have started to focus on use of miR-143 mimics to restore expression of miR-143 in various cancers.
Analysis of serum cfDNA concentration and integrity before and after surgery in patients with lung cancer
Authors: Fan Yihui , Shi Minxin , Chen Saihua , Ju Guanjun , Chen Lingxiang , Lu Haimin , Chen Jian , Zheng Shiying 
Published: August 2019

The content and integrity of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) before and after surgery in patients with lung cancer were determined to investigate its clinical significance. Peripheral blood was collected from 120 patients with lung cancer who were treated in our hospital from March 2016 to November 2018, including 50 cases before operation and 70 cases after operation. 60 healthy subjects served as controls. Quantitative PCR was used to determine the cfDNA level of each group. The relationship between cfDNA levels and the clinical features of lung cancer patients was determined. Receiver Operating Curves were used to determine the sensitivity and specificity of cfDNA, CEA, NSE and CYFRA21-1 in lung cancer. The concentration and integrity of cfDNA before surgery in patients with lung cancer were significantly higher than those after surgery and those in healthy control group. The cfDNA concentration in patients with lung cancer after surgery was significantly higher than that in the control group, but there was no statistical difference in cfDNA integrity between the two groups. There was no significant correlation between cfDNA concentration/integrity and gender, age, tumor type, tumor stage, and expressions of CA199, CA125, and CA153 in patients with lung cancer before or after surgery. However, there were significant correlations between the expression levels of CEA, NSE, and CYFRA21-1 and cfDNA concentration. The expression levels of CEA and CYFRA21-1 were significantly correlated with cfDNA integrity before surgery, while the correlations were not significant after surgery. The concentration and integrity of cfDNA increased significantly in serum of lung cancer patients. The concentration and integrity of cfDNA in patients with lung cancer after surgery were significantly lower than those before surgery. Thus, cfDNA has high application value in the diagnosis and evaluation of lung cancer.
Evaluation of the usefulness of the simultaneous assay of fecal hemoglobin (Hb) and transferrin (Tf) in colorectal cancer screening – for the establishment of the Hb and Tf two-step cutoff assay (HTTC assay)
Authors: Hirata Ichiro 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
One of the issues of fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is false-negativity caused by hemoglobin degradation by bacteria. We investigated the usefulness of the transferrin assay, which is stable toward bacteria.

Methods
The study included 1174 patients who visited our hospital and underwent colonoscopy for some symptoms or for cancer screening. We compared the hemoglobin-transferrin combination assay with the hemoglobin-alone assay using the Discrete Clinical Chemistry Analyzer NS-Plus and 1174 clinical samples. In the combination assay, two hemoglobin cutoff values (a) and (b) and one transferrin cutoff value (c) were set. Cases with values of (a) or more were defined as primary positive and values lower than (b) were defined as negative. Cases with values between (a) and (b) underwent the transferrin assay. Then, cases with values of (c) or higher were defined as secondary positive. All primary and secondary positive cases were defined as positive. Among the combination of cutoff values (a), (b) and (c), we identified Method A exhibiting high specificity and a positive predictive value (PPV), and Method B exhibiting the highest sensitivity.

Results
In Method A, the sensitivity of colorectal cancer detection increased from 67.3% to 68.2%, the specificity significantly (p = 0.0011) increased from 90.5% to 92.6%, and the PPV increased from 42.9% to 49.6% compared with the hemoglobin-alone assay. In Method B, the sensitivity increased significantly (p = 0.046) from 67.3% to 71.1% and the PPV increased from 42.9% to 44.8%.

Conclusions
This combination assay showed higher accuracy and effectiveness for colorectal cancer screening.
The selection of sealing technologies of the subsoil and hydrotechnical structures and quality assurance
Authors: Skutnik Zdzisław , Bajda Marek , Lech Mariusz 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Various types of trenchless methods are extensively used to create engineering barriers for the purpose of achieving relatively low hydraulic conductivity of the subsoil and hydrotechnical structures. The most commonly used technologies of the grouting curtain creating are the DSM (Deep Soil Mixing), WIPS (Vibro Injcted Thin Wall), low-pressure injection and jet-grouting. Vertical barriers are widely used in environmental control systems to restrict the lateral spreading of liquid or gaseous contaminants and for seepage control through and beneath a levees. The barrier walls are constructed in a single or two phases using a slurry composed mainly of bentonite, cementitious materials and water. Often to solve complex geotechnical problems the technologies are combined (e.g. combining DSM and jet grouting). In the paper some examples of practical application of chosen types of technology dedicated different problems solving are presented. The results of geotechnical investigations of hydraulic permeability, shear strength and depth control of cut-off wall are given. The tests were carried out using BAT system, Cone Penetration Tests (CPT) and drillings. The presented test results should help define the technical and financial criteria that should be used to compare grouting based methods and other techniques applicable to the same geotechnical special works. These recommendations should permit an adequate application of grouting techniques and contribute to finding solutions for the delicate problem of ground sealing, notably when proceeding with hydrotechnical or environmental structures placed below water table.