bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Presence of melatonin‐catabolizing non‐specific enzymes myeloperoxidase and indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase in the ram reproductive tract
Authors: Martínez‐Marcos Paula , Carvajal‐Serna Melissa , Lázaro‐Gaspar Sofía , Pérez‐Pé Rosaura , Muiño‐Blanco Teresa , Cebrián‐Pérez José A. , Casao Adriana 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe melatonin catabolism is very complex and not completely understood. Melatonin can be metabolized by free radical interaction, but also pseudo‐enzymatically or by enzymatic pathways. We have previously detected the existence of melatonin‐synthesizing enzymes and melatonin receptors MT1 and MT2 in the ram reproductive tract; thus, in order to start to elucidate melatonin catabolism in these organs, we have investigated the presence of the melatonin‐catabolizing enzymes indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase (IDO, both IDO1 and IDO2 isoforms) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in testis, epididymis and accessory glands. Gene expression analyses by real‐time PCR showed the presence of MPO, IDO1 and IDO2 in all the organs of the ram reproductive tract and revealed that MPO is the main melatonin‐catabolizing enzyme, which is mainly expressed in the testis and the bulbourethral glands (p < .05). These results were further corroborated by immunohistochemical staining, and by Western blot. Likewise, MPO was also evidenced in epididymal and ejaculated spermatozoa by indirect immunofluorescence and Western blot. In conclusion, melatonin‐catabolizing enzymes MPO, IDO1 and IDO2 are expressed in the ram reproductive tract, and MPO is the most expressed one, mainly in the testis and the bulbourethral glands. The presented results warrant further studies on the function of these enzymes and their melatonin‐metabolizing activity.
A Response to Núñez et al.'s (2019) “What Happened to Cognitive Science?”
Authors: McShane Marjorie , Bringsjord Selmer , Hendler James , Nirenburg Sergei , Sun Ron 
Published: October 2019

AbstractNúñez et al.'s (2019) negative assessment of the field of cognitive science derives from evaluation criteria that fail to reflect the true nature of the field. In reality, the field is thriving on both the research and educational fronts, and it shows great promise for the future.
The Class II KNOX genes KNAT3 and KNAT7 work cooperatively to influence deposition of secondary cell walls that provide mechanical support to Arabidopsis stems
Authors: Wang Shumin , Yamaguchi Masatoshi , Grienenberger Etienne , Martone Patrick T. , Samuels A. Lacey , Mansfield Shawn D. 
Published: October 2019

SummaryThe transcription factor KNOTTED ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA7 (KNAT7) is a Class II KNOTTED1‐like homeobox (KNOX2) gene that, in interfascicular fibres, acts as a negative regulator of secondary cell wall biosynthesis. In addition, knat7 loss‐of‐function mutants display an irregular xylem (irx) phenotype, suggesting a potential positive regulatory role in xylem vessel secondary cell wall deposition. Although our understanding of the role of KNAT7 is evolving, the function(s) of the closely related KNOX2 genes, KNAT3, KNAT4, and KNAT5, in secondary wall formation still remain unclear. We found that all four Arabidopsis KNOX2 genes were expressed in the inflorescence stems. However, only the knat3 knat7 double mutants showed a phenotype, displaying an enhanced irx phenotypes relative to the single mutants, as well as decreased interfascicular fibre cell wall thickness. Moreover, knat3 knat7 double mutants had reduced stem tensile and flexural strength compared with wild‐type and single mutants. In contrast, KNAT3 overexpression resulted in thicker interfascicular fibre secondary cell walls in inflorescence stems, suggesting a potential positive regulation in interfascicular fibre secondary wall development. This work identifies KNAT3 as a potential transcriptional activator working together with KNAT7 to promote secondary cell wall biosynthesis in xylem vessels, while concurrently acting antagonistically with KNAT7 to influence secondary wall formation in interfascicular fibres.
Approaching treatment of transplant‐associated thrombotic Microangiopathy from two directions with Eculizumab and transitioning from Tacrolimus to Sirolimus
Authors: Jan Anna S. , Hosing Chitra , Aung Fleur , Yeh Jason 
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUNDIn the past, conventional treatment strategies for transplant‐associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TA‐TMA) have not proven to be very effective. Recently, eculizumab which is a humanized monoclonal antibody that works as a terminal complement inhibitor has demonstrated promise in the treatment landscape of TA‐TMA.METHODS AND MATERIALSThis was a single‐center retrospective analysis of 20 consecutive adult patients with TA‐TMA: 10 patients who received conventional therapy and 10 patients who received eculizumab‐based therapy. These patients had undergone allogeneic HSCT at MD Anderson Cancer Center between August 2011 and September 2016.RESULTSWhen comparing the treatment outcomes in the two cohorts, none of the patients in the conventional therapy group obtained a hematologic or complete response according to our response criteria whereas seven patients in the eculizumab group achieved a hematologic response with one patient achieving a complete response with organ recovery. In addition, overall survival at the end of assessment was 60% in the eculizumab cohort and 30% in the conventional cohort. One major difference in practice at our institution versus previously published studies is the management of immunosuppression. In a majority of patients, tacrolimus was continued or transitioned to sirolimus for GVHD prophylaxis.CONCLUSIONResponse rates and survival were improved for patients who were transitioned to sirolimus, so a two‐pronged approach of inhibiting complement along with providing an alternative effective immunosuppressive agent may be beneficial in the treatment of early onset TA‐TMA.
IT in Blood banks, at present and tomorrow: a Nordic perspective
Authors: Jensen Henrik Gaedt 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundBlood banks in most of the Nordic countries all share a vein‐to‐vein approach, which is usually handled in a single blood banking information system (BBIS). This means that a blood bank IT system in the Nordics is traditionally operated by a single vendor.AimsThe aim for integrations, rather than building an integrated IT system, to support the need for a vein‐to‐vein process is a precondition in the Nordic countries. With multiple IT systems supporting isolated processes, we intend to facilitate development in these and furthermore increase the flexibility in the whole process.MethodsWe set out to reveal any existing knowledge in the literature on IT vendor strategies for blood banks, but we did not succeed in identifying any relevant literature. However, a systematic literature study on vendor strategies when choosing Health IT identified 837 studies, but only 10 was eligible for full‐text review and five met the inclusion criteria.ResultsEven this broader literature study reveals very little evidence, and furthermore the only available studies are from an American context quite far from the European and Nordic framework in health care. In addition, the existing research is contradictory.ConclusionThis paper adds basic knowledge for breaking down the process control of blood banking in smaller processes. This adds the possibility for identifying best of breed or best of suite vendors, instead of relying on single vendor IT solutions. Furthermore, it is a call for more research in the field of vendor selection strategies, preferably with a longitudinal study design, which this review did not succeed in identifying.
Down‐regulation of mir‐27b promotes angiogenesis and fibroblast activation through activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
Authors: Sun Furong , Bi Qingxia , Wang Xueming , Liu Jingyan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTo study the effects of mir‐27b on angiogenesis and fibroblast activation and to explore its further mechanism. Humanmicrovascular endothelial cell (HMEC)‐1 and humannormal skin fibroblast (BJ) cells were treated with mir‐27b inhibitor negative control reagent, mir‐27b inhibitor, LY294002, and mir‐27b inhibitor + LY294002, respectively. 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) was used to detect the T‐cell proliferation. The migration ability was detected by Scratch assays. The angiogenesis of HMEC‐1 cells was observed by in vitro tube formation assay. The mRNA and protein expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in HMEC‐1 cells and the mRNA and protein expression of collagen I, collagen III, α‐SMA, and MMP1 in BJ cells were detected by quantitativereal‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) and Western blot, respectively. Meanwhile, the PI3K/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway‐related proteins were also detected by Western blot. The proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, the mRNA and protein expression of VEGF and the protein expression of p‐PI3K and p‐AKT in HMEC‐1 cells were increased after treated with mir‐27b inhibitor. Meanwhile, the proliferation, migration, and the protein expression of collagen I, collagen III, α‐SMA, MMP1, p‐PI3K, and p‐AKT in BJ cells were increased after treated with mir‐27b inhibitor. However, the angiogenesis and fibroblast activation of mir‐27b inhibitor was reversed by LY294002, and the activate effect to PI3K/AKT pathway was also inhibited. Down‐regulation of mir‐27b could promote angiogenesis and fibroblast activation, and its mechanism is related to activate PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
Imiquimod to prevent keloid recurrence postexcision: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Klotz Tanja , Munn Zachary , Aromataris Edoardo Claudio , Greenwood John Edward 
Published: October 2019

AbstractImiquimod 5% cream, an immune response modifier capable of inducing IFN‐α, TNF‐α, and interleukins 1, 6, and 8. It was approved for use in the management of genital and perianal warts and soon embraced as a method to diminish the recurrence of keloids postexcision. A previous meta‐analysis included four studies. This meta‐analysis is part of a larger systematic review project on the effect of moisturizers on scars. It was conducted following an a priori protocol and the guidance of the Joanna Briggs Institute. Databases searched included PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, and Web of Science. After screening and critical appraisal, subgroup meta‐analysis on excision method and location of the keloid was conducted using the Miller approach for proportional meta‐analysis and a random effects model. Seven studies, including 77 participants and 82 keloids were included. Meta‐analysis revealed a recurrence rate of 39% (95% CI = 8.474.4%; I2 = 87.5%) following application of Imiquimod postexcision. The use of primary excision or tangential excision did not alter the outcome. For analysis based on the location of the keloid scar, earlobe keloids had a recurrence rate of 5.4% (95% CI = 0–21.7%; I2 = 52.9%). For keloids excised from other areas (predominantly on the trunk) recurrence rate was higher, at 76.8% (95% CI = 36.1–100%). For keloids, Imiquimod application postexcision results in highly variable recurrence rates. There is very low certainty in the effect of Imiquimod and it therefore is not recommended as a treatment option.
Erecting a new family forSpirostyliferina, a truncatelloidean microgastropod, and further insights into truncatelloidean phylogeny
Authors: Layton Kara K. S. , Middelfart Peter U. , Tatarnic Nikolai J. , Wilson Nerida G. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMicrogastropods in the subclass Caenogastropoda are diverse and species‐rich and often exhibit similar morphologies across families, posing difficulties for species identification.SpirostyliferinaBandel, 2006 is a microgastropod genus that has been placed in the family Litiopidae associated with algae and seagrass across the tropical Indo‐Pacific and with only one known member to date (Spirostyliferina lizardensisBandel, 2006). There are uncertainties surrounding the familial assignment ofSpirostyliferinahowever, due to its unique shell with spiral zigzag ridges, unique pitted protoconch and a lack of molecular data for phylogenetic analysis. This study aims to resolve the position ofSpirostyliferinawithin the Caenogastropoda by employing a multilocus data set for phylogenetic reconstruction, and scanning electron microscopy and micro‐computed tomography for morphological analysis. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian phylogenies of 56 species, 30 families and six superfamilies of Caenogastropoda recoveredSpirostyliferinawithin the Truncatelloidea.Spirostyliferinahad no affinity with any existing truncatelloidean families, and therefore, the family Spirostyliferinidae fam. nov. is proposed for this genus. The genusHoenselaariaMoolenbeek, 2009 was synonymized withSpirostyliferinain this study (monotypicHoenselaaria wareniMoolenbeek, 2009). Spirostyliferinidae is diagnosed by heavy pitted microsculpture on protoconch I and intermittent spiral zigzag ridges on the teleoconch. The unpegged corneous operculum and taenioglossate radula ofSpirostyliferinaappear similar to other truncatelloideans, confirming the position ofSpirostyliferinaas a monotypic clade within the Truncatelloidea. In all, this study advances the taxonomic status of a microgastropod with a minute size and rarity that presents significant challenges to its collection and study.
Application of the Quantitative Monochrome Calibrated Schlieren Technique in a Highly Loaded Turbine Cascade Test
Authors: Zhou Zhihong , Wang Haotian , Liu Huoxing 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
As the load of the turbine components of aircraft engines continuously increases, shock loss becomes the dominant factor of turbine stage loss and has become a hot topic. The Schlieren technique is one of the few effective experimental methods to observe and study shock wave and, thus, has been widely used. Nevertheless, limited by camera accuracy and computer image processing technology, quantitative schlieren analysis methods were difficult to achieve in engineering applications. Fortunately, several quantitative schlieren methods have been developed with the help of new digital technology. Applying the schlieren technique to the highly loaded turbine cascade test is of great significance to the study of shock wave in highly loaded turbine cascades. In this paper, the results of the quantitative density field and shock intensity and loss in the cascade are obtained by using a double-reflection-type monochrome schlieren device. The boundary condition of the density field is obtained by pressure test, and matlab software is used as image processing calculation tool. The quantitative results of this paper prove the feasibility of applying quantitative schlieren method to highly loaded turbine cascade tests. Also, the implemented image processing method and density boundary condition acquisition method are suitable and convenient for cascade flow and shock measurement tests.
Research on Proton Exchange Membranes for Improving Valve Regulated Sealed Lead-Acid Battery Cycling Performance
Authors: Zhang Shao-Hui , Go Kokswee , Re Qing-Qing , Wang Zhen-Bo 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this article, proton exchange membranes (PEMs) are used as separators for lead-acid batteries. Ion migration experiments are conducted to prove the efficacy of PEMs in blocking the passage of antimony ions. The cells are then assembled into a battery to undergo charge–discharge, life cycle, and electrolyte loss testing. The results show that PEMs are effective at reducing the migration of antimony ions from the cathode alloy grid to the anode while suppressing hydrogen formation and electrolyte loss, which greatly improves coulombic efficiency and cycle life of the battery.
Fatigue Damage of Aluminum Alloy Spot-Welded Joint Based on Defects Reconstruction
Authors: Xu Sha , Chen Hao , Yang Yali , Gao Kun 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction and finite element method are combined to study the damage behavior of aluminum alloy resistance spot-welded joints. Fatigue damage of spot-welded joints under different cyclic loading stages was obtained by X-ray microcomputed tomography (X-ray micro CT). Then, avizo software was used to reconstruct the scanned data of joints with different damage degrees, and the distribution and variation of defects in the joints are obtained. On this basis, 3D finite element damage models were established. Finite element calculations were carried out to analyze the fatigue damage of spot-welded joints by adopting the effective elastic modulus as the damage parameter. The results show that the effective elastic modulus is consistent with the experimental results. The method of combining 3D reconstruction with the finite element method can be used to evaluate the internal damage of spot-welded joints and provide theoretical basis for the prediction of fatigue life.
Numerical Analysis on Mathieu Instability of a Top-Tensioned Riser in a Dry-Tree Semisubmersible
Authors: Kang Hooi-Siang , Kim Moo Hyun , Bhat Aramanadka Shankar S. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe development of a dry-tree semisubmersible (DTS), a new type offshore hydrocarbon production system, is facing unconventional challenges in the issues of dynamic stability, structural integrity, and parametric resonance. The Mathieu equation is used to assess the dynamic stability of a top-tensioned riser (TTR) in order to prevent the parametric resonance which leads to detrimental effects on structural integrity. The objectives of this paper are to (i) study a Mathieu stability diagram and its coefficients for an assessment of the stability of a TTR, (ii) identify the effects of the dynamic tension variations in the Mathieu stability assessment, and (iii) analyze the stability of the TTR on a DTS, which is equipped with a long-stroke tensioner, by using numerical simulation. The dynamic tension variation in the DTS was identified to induce instability in the TTR. Hence, the Mathieu stability assessment is recommended to be included in an analysis of TTR behaviors in a dry-tree interface of semisubmersibles.
Numerical Evaluation of Ship Turning Performance in Regular and Irregular Waves
Authors: Seo Min-Guk , Nam Bo Woo , Kim Yeon-Gyu 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn this study, ship's maneuvering performance in waves is evaluated using numerical computation. To this end, three degrees-of-freedom (3DOF) planar motions are considered, and modular-type maneuvering model (maneuvering modeling group model (MMG model)) is applied. As external force of the equation of motion, hull force, propulsion force, rudder force, and wave drift force are adopted. In order to calculate wave drift force, seakeeping program which is based on a higher-order Rankine panel method is used by considering wave frequency, wave heading, ship's forward speed, and ship's lateral speed. This wave drift force is pre-calculated, made into database, and used in time domain simulation. The developed simulation program is validated by comparing the computation results of a turning test in regular waves with experimental data. Using this program, turning performance in irregular waves is evaluated and sensitivities for time signal of wave elevation are investigated. Through this study, it is confirmed that the simplified method based on the MMG model including wave drift force can provide good agreement with experimental data in a practical point of view. It can be observed that the simulation results considering the lateral speed show better agreement with the experimental data than those without consideration. In the case of irregular wave condition, the turning performance can be affected by wave random phases. When the ship encounters the beam sea during the turning operation, the wave elevations at that time play an essential role in the change of ship speed and turning trajectory.
Research on Turbulent Lubrication of Misaligned Journal Bearing Considering the Axial Motion of Journal
Authors: Zhu Shaoyu , Sun Jun , Li Biao , Zhao Xiaoyong , Wang Hu , Teng Qin , Ren Yanping , Zhu Guixiang 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Based on the coordinate transformation method, the generalized turbulent lubrication equation considering the axial motion of the journal is derived. The finite-difference method is used to solve the generalized turbulent lubrication equation. The variations of turbulent lubrication performance with axial displacement for different axial movement velocity of the journal, journal misalignment angle, and initial mid-plane eccentricity ratio are obtained. The results show that when the axial movement velocity of the journal increases, the mid-plane eccentricity ratio of the bearing and the minimum film thickness remain unchanged, the average Reynolds number, maximum film pressure, load capacity, frictional power, and side leakage increases. As the axial displacement of the journal increases, the greater the misalignment angle of the journal, the greater the degree of misalignment, maximum film pressure, load capacity, and misalignment moment of the bearing. The greater the initial mid-plane eccentricity ratio, the greater the degree of journal misalignment, maximum film pressure, load capacity, frictional power, and misalignment moment.
Approximation Model for Radiation Impedance of a Square Piston Source on an Infinite Planar Baffle
Authors: Valacas John 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Approximation models based on a finite sum of Bessel functions of the first kind and a pair of simple rational transfer functions are proposed for radiation resistance and reactance of a square piston source mounted on an infinite planar baffle. Model accuracy is better than 1.6% for reactance and 0.5% for resistance within a very wide range of dimensionless frequency k√S (0.1–100). The very low and high frequency behaviors of radiation impedance are incorporated into the models' closed-form expressions so that the approximation error outside the specified frequency range tends to zero.
Vibration of Curvilinearly Stiffened Plates Using Ritz Method With Orthogonal Jacobi Polynomials
Authors: Alanbay Berkan , Singh Karanpreet , Kapania Rakesh K. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This paper presents a general approach for the free vibration analysis of curvilinearly stiffened rectangular and quadrilateral plates using the Ritz method by employing classical orthogonal Jacobi polynomials. Both the plate and stiffeners are modeled using first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT). The displacement and rotations of the plate and stiffeners are approximated by separate sets of Jacobi polynomials. The ease of modification of the Jacobi polynomials enables the Jacobi weight function to satisfy geometric boundary conditions without loss of orthogonality. The distinctive advantage of Jacobi polynomials, over other polynomial-based trial functions, lies in that their use eliminates the well-known ill-conditioning issues when a high number of terms are used in the Ritz method, e.g., to obtain higher modes required for vibro-acoustic analysis. In this paper, numerous case studies are undertaken by considering various sets of boundary conditions. The results are verified both with the detailed finite element analysis (FEA) using commercial software msc.nastran and with those available in the open literature. New formulation and results include: (i) exact boundary condition enforcement through Jacobi weight function for FSDT, (ii) formulation of quadrilateral plates with curvilinear stiffeners, and (iii) use of higher order Gauss quadrature scheme for required integral evaluations to obtain higher modes. It is demonstrated that the presented method provides good numerical stability and highly accurate results. The given new numerical results and convergence studies may serve as benchmark solutions for validating the new computational techniques.