bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of proliferative, glial and angiogenic responses after a CoCl2‐induced injury of photoreceptor cells in the adult zebrafish retina
Authors: Medrano Matias Pedro , Pisera Fuster Antonella , Sanchis Pablo Antonio , Paez Natalia , Bernabeu Ramon Oscar , Faillace Maria Paula 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe adult zebrafish is considered a useful model for studying mechanisms involved in tissue growth and regeneration. We have characterized cytotoxic damage to the retina of adult zebrafish caused by the injection of cobalt chloride (CoCl2) into the vitreous cavity. The CoCl2 concentration we used primarily caused injury to photoreceptors. We observed the complete disappearance of cones, followed by rods, across the retina surface from 28 to 96 hr after CoCl2 injury. The loss of 30% of bipolar cells was also observed by 50 hr after lesion (hpl). CoCl2 injury provoked a strong induction of the proliferative activity of multipotent Müller glia and derived progenitors. The effect of CoCl2 on retina cells was significantly reduced by treatment with glutamate ionotropic receptor antagonists. Cone photoreceptor regeneration occurred 25 days after injury. Moreover, a single dose of CoCl2 induced vascular damage and regeneration, whereas three injections of CoCl2 administered weekly provoked neovascular‐like changes 20 days after injury. CoCl2 injury also caused microglial reactivity in the optic disc, retina periphery and fibre layer. CoCl2‐induced damage enhanced pluripotency and proneural transcription factor gene expression in the mature retina 72 hpl. Tumour necrosis factor alpha, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptor mRNA levels were also significantly enhanced by 72 hpl. The injury paradigm we have described in this work may be useful for the discovery of signalling molecules and pathways that participate in the regenerative response and it may serve as a model to screen for compounds that could potentially treat aberrant angiogenesis.
Retinal vascular density in multiple sclerosis: a 1‐year follow‐up
Authors: Lanzillo R. , Cennamo G. , Moccia M. , Criscuolo C. , Carotenuto A. , Frattaruolo N. , Sparnelli F. , Melenzane A. , Lamberti A. , Servillo G. , Tranfa F. , De Crecchio G. , Brescia Morra V. 
Published: August 2018

Background and purposeVascular pathology is increasingly acknowledged as a risk factor for multiple sclerosis (MS). Vascular density (VD) is reduced in the eyes of patients with MS on optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography. We performed a 1‐year prospective study to estimate VD variations over time and possible clinical correlates.MethodsA total of 50 patients with MS underwent spectral domain‐OCT and OCT angiography at baseline and after 1‐year follow‐up. Mixed‐effect linear regression models were used to assess variations of each OCT measure and its relation to treatment and clinical outcomes.ResultsWe observed an increase in parafovea VD (coefficient, 1.147; 95% confidence interval, 0.081–2.214; P = 0.035). Reduction in parafovea VD was associated with increase in Expanded Disability Status Scale score (coefficient, −0.969; 95% confidence interval, −1.732/−0.207; P = 0.013).ConclusionsRetinal VD can improve over time in MS, particularly in patients experiencing disease stability. Longer follow‐up, inclusion of early MS cases and combination with conventional markers of MS severity (i.e. brain atrophy) are needed to better define VD as a potential new biomarker.
Hemodialysis‐related headache and how to prevent it
Authors: Gozubatik‐Celik G. , Uluduz D. , Goksan B. , Akkaya N. , Sohtaoglu M. , Uygunoglu U. , Kircelli F. , Sezen A. , Saip S. , Karaali Savrun F. , Siva A. 
Published: August 2018

Background and purposeHemodialysis (HD) may have some adverse effects on the nervous system. Headache is the most commonly reported neurological symptom amongst HD patients. Our aim was to determine the frequency, clinical characteristics and triggering factors of HD‐related headache (HRH) and to evaluate preventive strategies for reducing HRH.MethodIn all, 494 patients were included. Comparative controls (CC) were classified within the same patients without headache. Arterial systolic/diastolic blood pressure, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine were correlated before/after one HD. The urea reduction ratio during the dialysis session was determined.ResultsA total of 175 patients (35.4%) with a mean age of 57.3 ± 15.7 years were diagnosed with HRH. HRH was more common in males (P < 0.001). Headache was started a mean of 2.90 ± 0.86 h after the HD. The common localization of pain was reported to be bifrontal in 41.7% (n = 73). The mean duration of headache was 6.22 ± 7.8 h, with a duration of ≤4 h reported by 64.0% of patients. The mean Visual Analog Scale score was 5.64 ± 2.05. The differences between pre/post‐dialysis BUN values were 94.6 ± 31.1 in HRH patients and 86.8 ± 28.5 in the CC group (P = 0.006). The systolic blood pressure difference between the pre/post‐dialysis measurements was 22.4 ± 16.5 mmHg in HRH patients and 12.8 ± 19.4 mmHg in CC(P < 0.001). Patients with HRH had significantly higher mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure pre‐dialysis values (systolic, P = 0.002; diastolic, P < 0.001). The differences in systolic/diastolic blood pressure between pre/post‐dialysis were higher in the HRH group (P < 0.001, P = 0.001, respectively).ConclusionRegulating the frequency and timing of dialysis may provide better management in HRH with high BUN levels and high pre‐dialysis blood pressure.
Effectiveness of a comprehensive educational programme for Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) to identify individuals in the Udupi district with bleeding disorders: A community‐based survey
Authors: Badagabettu S. , Nayak D. M. , Kurien A. , Kamath V. G. , Kamath A. , George A. 
Published: August 2018

IntroductionThe awareness and knowledge on bleeding disorders is generally poor among the rural population. Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) serve as the facilitators between the rural community and the health care system. Training of ASHAs in screening of rural population for early identification of bleeding disorders can enable prompt referral, timely detection and management of bleeding disorders.AimThe aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an ASHA training programme for identification of suspected bleeding disorder cases.MethodsA population‐based, cross‐sectional survey was implemented by 586 Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) in rural Udupi district, who underwent a structured training programme on identification of bleeding disorders. A survey record book with a screening tool on assessment of bleeding symptoms was given to each ASHA. The screening tool consisted of symptoms related to bleeding disorders and family history of bleeding disorders. Using the screening tool, ASHAs carried out a door‐to‐door survey. After screening, those who reported with bleeding symptoms were referred by the ASHAs to the investigator, who conducted further assessment. A detailed bleeding history was documented and bleeding symptom assessment was carried out using bleeding assessment tool (BAT) at the haemophilia treatment centre. Further coagulation assessments were carried out as per the treatment centre protocol. This paper highlights the evaluation of an ASHA training programme on identification of individuals with bleeding symptoms in the rural population.ResultsA total of 586 trained ASHAs surveyed a population of 318 214 in rural Udupi district. Out of the 124 cases reported by ASHAs, 29 bleeding disorder cases were identified; haemophilia (A and B) was the most commonly found bleeding disorder 22 (75.8%), followed by von Willebrand disease (vWD) 3 (10.3%) and 4 (13.8%) immune‐mediated thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), with an overall prevalence of 2.2/10 000 population.ConclusionTraining ASHA health care workers, who are the most important link between the community and health services, resulted in increased awareness among the public for the early detection of bleeding disorders.
Developing support strategies for burn care nurses through an understanding of their experiences: A meta‐ethnographic study
Authors: Bayuo Jonathan , Agyei Bediako Frank , Allotey Gabriel , Kyei Baffour Prince 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAimTo build a comparative understanding of nurses' experiences with caring for burned patients with the goal of eliciting possible support strategies.BackgroundConsidering the stressful nature of burns nursing, there is a need to develop support strategies for burn care nurses.DesignThis meta‐ethnographic study used Noblit and Hare's approach and followed PRISMA guidelines.Data sourcesThe search databases included PsycINFO, EbscoHost, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and PubMed from 1990 to 2017.Review methodsQualitative studies were included in the review if they examined burn care nurses' experiences. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme quality assessment tool was used to appraise each study.ResultsTen papers (six articles and four theses) published between 1998 and 2014 met the criteria for inclusion. Three key concepts were generated from the synthesis: becoming a burns nurse, work environment, and nurses' emotional responses. The relationships between the concepts were noted to be reciprocal, from which a line of argument was developed using Schutz notion of constructs.ConclusionThere is a need to establish structures that can encourage burn care nurses to verbalise their feelings as well as strengthen the nursing team.
Ice water test in multiple sclerosis: A pilot trial
Authors: Hüsch Tanja , Reitz André , Ulm Kurt , Haferkamp Axel 
Published: August 2018

ObjectivesTo investigate the significance of the ice water test in patients with multiple sclerosis and to evaluate a novel ice water test nomogram in a large patient cohort.MethodsA total of 201 ice water tests of patients with multiple sclerosis were retrospectively evaluated. Incontinence episodes in 24 h and sex were correlated with the ice water test. Furthermore, an ice water test nomogram was developed in order to categorize the detrusor overactivity in severity degrees. Descriptive statistics were carried out for population characteristics. Correlations of categorical variables were calculated by the χ2‐test. The independent t‐test was carried out for correlations of continuous variables. Furthermore, the data were evaluated in the novel ice water test nomogram.ResultsThe patient population consisted of 141 (70.1%) women and 60 (39.9%) men. A clinically positive ice water test (maximum detrusor pressure >15 cmH2O) was identified in 75 patients (37.3%). Significantly more men presented a clinically positive ice water test (P = 0.006). In 16.5%, the ice water test unmasked an involuntary detrusor contraction, although routine cystometry did not show any detrusor overactivity. The ice water test nomogram could be successfully applied. The incontinence episodes and maximum detrusor pressure correlated positively with a higher categorization in the nomogram. Therapeutic interventions and follow‐up controls could be successfully illustrated by the nomogram.ConclusionsThe ice water test is a simple tool for unmasking non‐identified detrusor overactivity in neurogenic bladder dysfunction. A severity categorization of the detrusor overactivity can be facilitated by the use of the ice water test nomogram. After further validation, the ice water test could be ultimately used in future as objective assessment for bladder dysfunction.
Endoscopic findings corresponding to multiple Lugol‐voiding lesions in the esophageal background mucosa
Authors: Matsuno Kenshi , Ishihara Ryu , Nakagawa Kentaro , Ohmori Masayasu , Iwagami Hiroyoshi , Inoue Shuntaro , Iwatsubo Taro , Nakahira Hiroko , Matsuura Noriko , Shichijyo Satoki , Maekawa Akira , Takashi Kanesaka , Yamamoto Sachiko , Takeuchi Yoji , Higashino Koji , Uedo Noriya , Matsunaga Takashi 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackground and AimMultiple Lugol‐voiding lesions (LVLs) on Lugol chromoendoscopy can predict the development of metachronous multiple cancers in the esophagus and the head and neck regions. However, Lugol chromoendoscopy sometimes causes adverse events such as chest pain and discomfort. We therefore investigated the endoscopic findings on narrow band imaging (NBI) or blue laser imaging (BLI) that correspond to the presence of multiple LVLs in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.MethodsFirst, we investigated the NBI/BLI findings corresponding to individual small LVLs (one‐to‐one correspondence). Second, we investigated the association between the grade of multiple LVLs and the five endoscopic findings, including multiple foci of dilated vessels (MDV), multiple small brownish areas without microvascular irregularity, and a nonuniform color tone.ResultsOne‐to‐one correspondence of endoscopic findings was analyzed in 106 small LVLs. The main findings matched with small LVLs were a focus of dilated vessels (44 lesions), a small brownish area (17 lesions), and a small brownish area with a focus of dilated vessels (19 lesions). The relationship between multiple LVLs and each finding assessed by NBI/BLI was assessed in 155 patients. Multivariate logistic regression indicated that the presence of MDV was the only finding independently associated with multiple LVLs (P < 0.01).ConclusionsThe presence of MDV in the noncancerous background esophageal mucosa was significantly associated with multiple LVLs. This pilot study demonstrates that MDV has the potential to be a new risk factor for the development of metachronous multiple esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Blockade of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 inhibits intraplaque haemorrhage by normalization of plaque neovessels
Authors: de Vries M. R. , Parma L. , Peters H. A. B. , Schepers A. , Hamming J. F. , Jukema J. W. , Goumans M. J. T. H. , Guo L. , Finn A. V. , Virmani R. , Ozaki C. K. , Quax P. H. A. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundPlaque angiogenesis is associated with atherosclerotic lesion growth, plaque instability and negative clinical outcome. Plaque angiogenesis is a natural occurring process to fulfil the increasing demand of oxygen and nourishment of the vessel wall. However, inadequate formed, immature plaque neovessels are leaky and cause intraplaque haemorrhage.ObjectiveBlockade of VEGFR2 normalizes the unbridled process of plaque neovessel formation and induces maturation of nascent vessels resulting in prevention of intraplaque haemorrhage and influx of inflammatory cells into the plaque and subsequently increases plaque stability.Methods and ResultsIn human carotid and vein graft atherosclerotic lesions, leaky plaque neovessels and intraplaque haemorrhage co‐localize with VEGF/VEGFR2 and angiopoietins. Using hypercholesterolaemic ApoE3*Leiden mice that received a donor caval vein interposition in the carotid artery, we demonstrate that atherosclerotic vein graft lesions at t28 are associated with hypoxia, Hif1α and Sdf1 up‐regulation. Local VEGF administration results in increased plaque angiogenesis. VEGFR2 blockade in this model results in a significant 44% decrease in intraplaque haemorrhage and 80% less extravasated erythrocytes compared to controls. VEGFR2 blockade in vivo results in a 32% of reduction in vein graft size and more stable lesions with significantly reduced macrophage content (30%), and increased collagen (54%) and smooth muscle cell content (123%). Significant decreased VEGF, angiopoietin‐2 and increased Connexin 40 expression levels demonstrate increased plaque neovessel maturation in the vein grafts. VEGFR2 blockade in an aortic ring assay showed increased pericyte coverage of the capillary sprouts.ConclusionInhibition of intraplaque haemorrhage by controlling neovessels maturation holds promise to improve plaque stability.
Implementing an early childhood oral health program in a federally qualified health center in North Carolina
Authors: Quinonez Rocio B. , Rozier R. Gary , Mattison Katrina , Joshi Neha , Preisser John S. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo examine the Baby Oral Health Program's (bOHP) influence on dental visits for children 0 to 3 years and overall dental visits in four federally qualified health center (FQHC) clinics.MethodsUsing an interrupted time series study design, administrative data were obtained for the year prior and following the intervention. The intervention included dental staff training on early childhood oral health, quality improvement, and monthly visits during the follow‐up intervention period. Analysis included descriptive and segmented regression using aggregate patient visit data.ResultsA total of 10,400 patients made 26,416 visits over the study period; 1,187 (11 percent) were children ≤3 years. Visit counts in the youngest age group increased 70 percent following the intervention. When controlling for the naturally increasing trend, the intervention added 8.7 (95 percent CI: 4.7, 12.8) early childhood patient‐visits per clinic in the last month of the intervention period. The increase in visit counts in the youngest age group had no significant effect on other ages, except for a decline relative to the natural trend in patient‐visits among 35–50 year olds (−32.3 less visits) following the intervention. The proportion of visits for all ages by ≤3 year olds increased from 5 to 8 percent following the intervention.ConclusionsbOHP increased dental visits among children ≤3 years but the finding might be attributable to clinic changes coinciding with bOHP implementation that were not controlled with the study design. Additional studies are needed in populations experiencing challenges accessing dental care.
Freeing long‐period prices from the uniform profit rate hypothesis: A general model of long‐period positions
Authors: D’Agata Antonio 
Published: August 2018

AbstractModern long‐period literature defines long‐period prices as prices yielding a uniform profit rate. This definition relies on the assumption of free competition, which is not essential in defining long‐period prices, the reproducibility of the economic system being the essential condition. A definition of long‐period prices based only on reproducibility is then proposed and a model developed. The existence of long‐period price vectors is obtained in a variety of situations yielding differential or uniform profits rates. Our analysis shows that the long‐period approach is “robust” with respect to the elimination of the significant but problematic assumption of uniform profit rates. Our model provides also a formalization of Smith’s view of domestic and international division of labour.
Involvement of lipid transfer proteins in resistance against a non‐host powdery mildew in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Fahlberg Per , Buhot Nathalie , Johansson Oskar N. , Andersson Mats X. 
Published: August 2018

SUMMARY
Non‐specific lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) are involved in the transport of lipophilic compounds to the cuticular surface in epidermal cells and in the defence against pathogens. The role of glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI)‐anchored LTPs (LTPGs) in resistance against non‐host mildews in Arabidopsis thaliana was investigated using reverse genetics. Loss of either LTPG1, LTPG2, LTPG5 or LTPG6 increased the susceptibility to penetration of the epidermal cell wall by Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei (Bgh). However, no impact on pre‐penetration defence against another non‐host mildew, Erysiphe pisi (Ep), was observed. LTPG1 was localized to papillae at the sites of Bgh penetration. This study shows that, in addition to the previously known functions, LTPGs contribute to pre‐invasive defence against certain non‐host powdery mildew pathogens.
The central effects of buspirone on abdominal pain in rats
Authors: Panteleev S. S. , Sivachenko I. B. , Lyubashina O. A. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundBuspirone, a partial agonist of the 5‐HT1a receptor (5‐HT1aR), owing to potential antinociceptive properties may be useful in treatment of abdominal pain in IBS patients. The pain‐related effects of buspirone are mediated via the 5‐HT1aRs, specifically located within the ventrolateral medulla (VLM). The most animal studies of the 5‐HT1aR involvement in pain control have been carried out with somatic behavioral tests. The 5‐HT1aR contribution in visceral pain transmission within the VLM is unclear. The objective of our study was to evaluate the 5‐HT1aR contribution in abdominal pain transmission within the VLM.MethodsUsing animal model of abdominal pain (urethane‐anaesthetized rats), based on the noxious colorectal distension (CRD) as pain stimulus we studied effects of buspirone (1.0‐4.0 mg kg−1, iv) on the CRD‐induced VLM neuron and blood pressure responses as markers of abdominal pain before and after the 5‐HT1aR blockade by antagonist, WAY 100,635.ResultsThe CRD induced a significant increase in VLM neuron activity up to 201.5 ± 18.0% and depressor reactions up to 68 ± 1.8% of baseline. Buspirone (1.0‐4.0 mg kg−1, iv) resulted in an inhibition of the CRD‐induced neuron responses which were changed inversely with dose increase and decreased depressor reactions directly with dose increase. These effects were antagonized by intracerebroventricular WAY 100,635.ConclusionBuspirone exerts complex biphasic action on the pain‐related VLM neuron activity inversely depending on dose. The final effect of buspirone depends on the functional balance between of activation the pre‐ and postsynaptic 5‐HT1aRs in mediating pain control networks.
Plato's Revenge: Moral Deliberation As Dialogical Activity
Authors: Morgan Andrew 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn this article I offer an account of normative thought inspired by Plato's proposal in the Theaetetus that judgement is ‘speech spoken … silently.’ After arguing that force conventionalism is the speech act theory best suited for modeling dialogic inner speech, I close the article by sketching the picture of normative thought that results. Though I defend a particular theory of normative speech elsewhere, the core insights of this article can be used by other theorists as well. The arguments offered here also serve as an important step forward for the more general program of using social speech to better understand thought.
BvCOLD1: A novel aquaporin from sugar beet (Beta vulgarisL.) involved in boron homeostasis and abiotic stress
Authors: Porcel Rosa , Bustamante Antonio , Ros Roc , Serrano Ramón , Mulet Salort José M. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBeta vulgaris(sugar beet) is one of the most important industrial crops. Screening of a cDNA library for sugar beet genes able to confer cold tolerance upon overexpression in yeast identified a novel aquaporin, which we namedBvCOLD1. The amino acid sequence of BvCOLD1 indicated that an acidic protein (pI 5.18) is similar to tonoplast intrinsic protein aquaporins. RNA expression analysis indicated thatBvCOLD1is expressed in all sugar beet organs. Confocal microscopy of a green fluorescent protein‐tagged version localized BvCOLD1 in the endoplasmic reticulum in yeast and in plant cells. Experiments in yeast showed that BvCOLD1 has an important role in transporting several molecules, among them is boron, one of the most limiting micronutrients for sugar beet cultivation. TransgenicArabidopsis thalianaplants overexpressingBvCOLD1showed enhanced tolerance to cold, to different abiotic stresses, and to boron deficiency at different developmental stages. Searches in databases only retrievedBvCOLD1orthologues in genomes from the Chenopodioideae, a subfamily of the Amaranthaceae family that includes the closely related cropSpinacea oleraceaand halotolerant plants such asSalicornia herbaceaorSuaeda glauca. Orthologues share a conserved sequence in the carboxy terminus, not present in other aquaporins, which is required for the functionality of the protein.