bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment strategy for a penetrating stab wound to the vertebral artery: a case report
Authors: Yaguchi Shinya , Yamamura Hitoshi , Kamata Kousuke , Shimamura Norihito , Kakehata Shinya , Matsubara Atsushi 
Published: November 2018

CaseVertebral artery injury is a low‐frequency but high‐mortality injury. The surgical approach to a bleeding vertebral artery injury is one of the most difficult procedures in trauma surgery.A 64‐year‐old woman was transported to our emergency department after being stabbed in the middle side of the right neck with a large kitchen knife. Her initial hospital examination indicated a shock state, and computed tomography images revealed a right vertebral artery injury. We undertook angiography and transcatheter arterial embolization before the surgical operation.OutcomeThe patient suffered right upper extremity paralysis due to brachial plexus injury and was transferred to another hospital for rehabilitation on the 24th hospital day.ConclusionComputed tomography angiography for diagnosis and interventional radiology treatment are useful for the management of penetrating neck trauma. Transcatheter arterial embolization for vertebral artery injury is safe and allows for easy control of bleeding compared to a surgical procedure.
Serum Soluble Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 2 as a Biomarker for Incident Dementia: The Hisayama Study
Authors: Ohara Tomoyuki , Hata Jun , Tanaka Masashi , Honda Takanori , Yamakage Hajime , Yoshida Daigo , Inoue Takayuki , Hirakawa Yoichiro , Kusakabe Toru , Shibata Mao , Teraoka Tadashi , Kitazono Takanari , Kanba Shigenobu , Satoh‐Asahara Noriko , Ninomiya Toshiharu 
Published: November 2018

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between serum soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (sTREM2), a soluble type of an innate immune receptor expressed on the microglia, and the risk of dementia.MethodsA total of 1,349 Japanese community residents aged 60 and older without dementia were followed prospectively for 10 years (2002–2012). Serum sTREM2 levels were quantified by using an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and divided into quartiles. Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) of serum sTREM2 levels on the risk of dementia.ResultsDuring the follow‐up, 300 subjects developed all‐cause dementia; 193 had Alzheimer's disease (AD), and 85 had vascular dementia (VaD). The age‐ and sex‐adjusted incidences of all‐cause dementia, AD, and VaD elevated significantly with higher serum sTREM2 levels (all p for trend < 0.012). These associations were not altered after adjustment for confounding factors, including high‐sensitive C‐reactive protein. Subjects with the highest quartile of serum sTREM2 levels had significantly higher multivariable‐adjusted risks of developing all‐cause dementia, AD, and VaD than those with the lowest quartile (HR = 2.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.39–2.97, p < 0.001 for all‐cause dementia; HR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.02–2.55, p = 0.04 for AD; HR = 2.85, 95% CI = 1.35–6.02, p = 0.006 for VaD). No significant heterogeneity in the association of serum sTREM2 levels with the development of dementia was observed among the other risk factor subgroups (all p for heterogeneity > 0.11).InterpretationThe present findings suggest a significant association between increased serum sTREM2 levels and the risk of developing all‐cause dementia, AD, and VaD in the general elderly Japanese population. ANN NEUROL 2019;85:47–58.
Impacts of Oil Types and Storage Conditions on Milk Fat Quality of Strained Yogurt Immersed in Oil
Authors: Al‐Ismail Khalid , Al‐Awamleh Sondos Ali , Saleh Mohammed , Al‐Titi Hosam 
Published: November 2018

AbstractTo maintain strained yogurt freshness, it was shaped into balls (3–3.5 cm diameter), completely immersed in oil, and stored at refrigerated or ambient temperature for 6 months. The impacts of immersing strained yogurt in oil on the topped oil and product's final quality of lipids including fat oxidation, lipolysis, cholesterol oxidation, and conjugated linoleic fatty‐acid content (CLNA) (i.e., as freshness indicators), during storage under various storage conditions, were evaluated. Peroxide value (PV), 7‐keto‐cholesterol, free fatty acids (FFA), and CLNA content were also determined. When stored in light, FFA of strained yogurt immersed in olive or corn oil increased from 0.44 to 1.29 and from 0.12 to 0.58, respectively. Olive oil‐topped and corn oil‐topped samples exposed to light had 48.9 and 7.9 (meq O2 kg−1) PV, respectively. Similar trends were reported for strained yogurt fat during storage for up to 6 months. Storage conditions showed little to no effects on the rate of fat and cholesterol oxidation, fat lipolysis, and CLNA content. Strained yogurt freshness indicators were maintained during the extended storage duration without refrigeration. The freshness indicators have a significant impact on enhancing consumer preference of strained yogurt.
Bacterial expression, purification and biophysical characterization of wheat germ agglutinin and its four hevein‐like domains
Authors: Leyva Eduardo , Medrano‐Cerano Jorge L. , Cano‐Sánchez Patricia , López‐González Itzel , Gómez‐Velasco Homero , del Río‐Portilla Federico , García‐Hernández Enrique 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWheat germ agglutinin (WGA), a chitin binding lectin, has attracted increasing interest because of its unique characteristics such as conformational stability, binding specificity and transcytosis capacity. To pave the way for the study of the molecular basis of WGA's structural stability and binding capacity, as well as to facilitate its use in biomedical and biotechnological developments, we produced recombinant WGA and its 4 isolated hevein‐like domains in a bacterial system. All the proteins were expressed as fusion constructs linked to a thioredoxin domain, which was enzymatically or chemically released. The structural and ligand‐binding properties of recombinant WGA were similar to the wild lectin. The 4 isolated domains folded and were ligand‐binding competent, indicating that each domain constitutes an independent folding unity. The biophysical characterization of the recombinant domains sheds new light on the intricate folding and binding behavior of this emblematic lectin.
Incidence rate and sex ratio in multiple sclerosis in Lithuania
Authors: Valadkeviciene Daiva , Kavaliunas Andrius , Kizlaitiene Rasa , Jocys Mykolas , Jatuzis Dalius 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo determine the temporal changes in incidence rates of multiple sclerosis (MS) over the past 15 years in Lithuania with prediction up to 2020, and to estimate female‐to‐male sex ratio and its changes among MS patients.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a descriptive incidence study. The crude incidence rates (CIR) were calculated using 15‐year period, sex, age‐groups, and the number of newly registered MS patients. Standardized incidence rates (SIR) were calculated using European standard in order to evaluate the influence of resident structure changes on incidence of MS during the last 15 years. The data were processed using Minitab set to estimate a linear trend model for the temporal changes of 16 parameters.ResultsThe data showed a substantial growth of the incidence rate of MS in Lithuania during the period of 2001–2015. In 2001, MS was diagnosed to 162 new individuals, whereas 343 new cases of MS were diagnosed in 2015. During 2001–2015, the incidence of MS was on average 6.5 (95% CI 5.70–7.30) cases per 100,000 residents, and 4.9 (95% CI 4.46–5.34) and 8.1 (5.86–9.34) for 100,000 male and female, respectively. Female‐to‐male sex ratio in MS in Lithuania had a tendency to increase over the period. Females were affected from 1.5 to 2 times more often than males.ConclusionsIn 2020, the incidence rate of MS is estimated to reach 13 cases per 100,000 persons and females are expected to be diagnosed with MS two times more often than males.
Short‐term Sahaja Yoga meditation training modulates brain structure and spontaneous activity in the executive control network
Authors: Dodich Alessandra , Zollo Maurizio , Crespi Chiara , Cappa Stefano F. , Laureiro Martinez Daniella , Falini Andrea , Canessa Nicola 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIntroductionWhile cross‐sectional studies have shown neural changes in long‐term meditators, they might be confounded by self‐selection and potential baseline differences between meditators and non meditators. Prospective longitudinal studies of the effects of meditation in naïve subjects are more conclusive with respect to causal inferences, but related evidence is so far limited.MethodsHere, we assessed the effects of a 4‐week Sahaja Yoga meditation training on gray matter density and spontaneous resting‐state brain activity in a group of 12 meditation‐naïve healthy adults.ResultsCompared with 30 control subjects, the participants to meditation training showed increased gray matter density and changes in the coherence of intrinsic brain activity in two adjacent regions of the right inferior frontal gyrus encompassing the anterior component of the executive control network. Both these measures correlated with self‐reported well‐being scores in the meditation group.ConclusionsThe significant impact of a brief meditation training on brain regions associated with attention, self‐control, and self‐awareness may reflect the engagement of cognitive control skills in searching for a state of mental silence, a distinctive feature of Sahaja Yoga meditation. The manifold implications of these findings involve both managerial and rehabilitative settings concerned with well‐being and emotional state in normal and pathological conditions.
A rare case of immune thrombocytopenia secondary to breast cancer
Authors: Hügli Sophie , Hügli Anne , Simonetta Federico , Chalandon Yves 
Published: November 2018

Key Clinical MessageImmune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) is in rare cases secondary to solid tumors, particularly breast cancer. In these cases, the clinical course of the ITP may follow the clinical course of the primary tumor, and remission of the ITP may be induced by treatment of the primary tumor.
An alternative technique for downsizing a modified Blalock‐Taussig shunt
Authors: Bobos Dimitrios , Kanakis Meletios , Grisbolaki Evangelia , Giannopoulos Nicholas 
Published: November 2018

Key Clinical MessageAn alternative surgical approach for downsizing an existed modified Blalock‐Taussig shunt is described as a reoperation in a hemodynamically unstable patient. This method was selected in order to minimize the surgical manipulations in the setting of a critically ill infant.
Phosphane‐decorated Platinum Nanoparticles as Efficient Catalysts for H2 Generation from Ammonia Borane and Methanol
Authors: Lara Patricia , Philippot Karine , Suárez Andrés 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA series of narrowly dispersed Pt nanoparticles of 1.5–2.2 nm in size stabilized by bulky terphenylphosphane ligands has been synthesized by the organometallic method using [Pt(dba)2] as platinum source. These nanoparticles are highly efficient catalysts for hydrogen generation by methanolysis of ammonia borane (H3N ⋅ BH3), providing notable TOF values of up to 284 min−1 at 30 °C and low catalyst loadings (0.14–0.19 mol %). Furthermore, catalyst separation (after distillation of the H2‐depleted ammonium tetramethoxyborate (NH4B(OMe)4) and methanol) and recycling were proven to be feasible, although an erosion of the catalytic activity was observed after three catalytic runs. These Pt nanoparticles have also been used as catalysts for tandem dehydrogenation of ammonia borane and hydrogenation of N‐heterocycles, providing the reduction products of quinoline, phenanthridine, 2‐methylquinoxaline and acridine in >90 % yields under mild reaction conditions.
New Insights for the Abuse Tolerance Behavior of LiMn2O4 under High Cut‐Off Potential Conditions
Authors: Zhang Feilong , Geng Tongtong , Peng Fengfeng , Zhao Dongni , Zhang Ningshuang , Zhang Haiming , Li Shiyou 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe further development of lithium‐ion batteries is often desired to obtain higher capacities by charging to higher potentials. However, such a high potential (>4.3 V) will inevitably result in capacity loss of the LiMn2O4 cathode material over numerous cycles. In this work, degradation mechanisms of LiMn2O4 electrode cycled at different charge cut‐off potentials (4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, and 4.8 V vs. Li/Li+, respectively) have been investigated. It is found that the capacity degraded seriously after aging cycles at the cut‐off potentials (<4.6 V), especially at 4.4 V. Remarkably, a thicker cathode–electrolyte interface (CEI) film on the cathode surface can be observed when the potential reached 4.7 and 4.8 V. Thus, two degradation mechanisms are proposed, which are also verified by the calculation of the diffusion coefficient of Li+ ions (DLi+). This work demonstrates the relationship between the capacity fade and cut‐off potentials and provides a useful guidance for other cathode materials with high‐voltage operation.
Biosynthesis of the Central Piperidine Nitrogen Heterocycle in Series a Thiopeptides
Authors: Liu Jingyu , Lin Zhi , Chen Hua , Guo Heng , Tao Jiang , Liu Wen 
Published: November 2018

Summary of main observation and conclusionThiopeptides, arising from complex posttranslational modifications of a genetically encoded precursor peptide, are of great interest due to their structural complexity and important biological activities. All of these antibiotics share a macrocyclic peptidyl core that contains a central, six‐membered nitrogen heterocycle and are classified into five series a—e based on the oxidation state of the central nitrogenous ring. Here, we report that the biosynthesis of the central piperidine heterocycle of series a thiopeptides relies on the activity of homologues of an F420H2‐dependent reductase TppX4 by exploiting and characterizing the piperidine‐containing thiopeptin biosynthetic gene (tpp) cluster in Streptomyces tateyamensis. In vitro reconstruction of TppX4 activity demonstrated that the piperidine heterocycle of thiopeptins was transformed from a dehydropiperidine heterocycle, and TppX4 tolerated the changes in the C‐termini and macrocyclic peptidyl core of substrate and also tolerated dehyropiperidine‐containing monocyclic or bicyclic thiopeptides. The identification of TppX4 and its substrate tolerance enriches the biosynthetic toolbox for development of additional thiopeptide analogs for clinical drug screening.
Using the sORFs.Org Database
Authors: Olexiouk Volodimir , Menschaert Gerben 
Published: November 2018

AbstractRibosome profiling involves sequencing of approximately 30‐base‐long stretches of ribosome‐protected mRNA. The technique enables genome‐wide mapping of RNA undergoing active translation. Numerous small open reading frames have been identified by using ribosome profiling, leading researchers to question the assumed non‐functional character of sORFs and to the identification of various important sORF translation products. sORFs.org (https://www.sorfs.org) is a public repository of small open reading frames identified by ribosome profiling in a database of over 3 million sORFs across 78 datasets from six species. sORFs.org is a multi‐omics endeavor providing tools and metrics to assess the coding potential of the delineated sORFs. A pipeline is also in place to systematically rescan public mass spectrometry datasets to acquire new experimental evidence for sORF‐encoded polypeptides. sORFs.org provides two distinct query interfaces, export functionality, and various visualization tools to enable inspection of the available information. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Algorithms for reducing reconfiguration overheads using prefetch, reuse, and optimal mapping of tasks
Authors: Hariharan I. , Kannan M. 
Published: November 2018

SummaryField Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are preferred in the modern embedded system to accelerate the performance of the entire system. However, the FPGAs are liable to suffer from reconfiguration overheads. These overheads are mainly because of the configuration data being fetched from the off‐chip memory at run‐time and due to the improper management of tasks during execution. To reduce these overheads, two algorithms are proposed. Both the algorithms focus on the prefetch heuristics, reuse technique, and an optimal mapping of tasks over the available memories. However, in terms of reusing technique, algorithm‐1 uses least recently used (LRU) policy and algorithm‐2 uses the optimal replacement policy (considering the vitality of the reconfigurable units (RUs)). Simulation results are obtained for both the algorithms. It is evident from the result that most of the reconfiguration overheads are eliminated when the applications are managed and executed based on the proposed algorithms. Also, the two algorithm results are compared and analyzed. For this purpose, the experiments included smaller and larger task graphs. In the case of smaller task graphs, algorithm‐2 outperforms algorithm‐1 in reducing reconfiguration overheads. In larger task graphs, algorithm‐1 produces better results compared to algorithm‐2.
Viral Vectors for Gene Transfer
Authors: Chen Yong Hong , Keiser Megan S. , Davidson Beverly L. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractViral vectors are a promising tool for effective delivery of genetic material into cells. They take advantage of the natural ability of a virus to deliver a genetic payload into cells while being genetically modified such that their ability to replicate is crippled or removed. Here, an updated overview of routinely used viral vectors, including adeno‐associated viruses (AAV), retroviruses/lentiviruses, and adenoviruses (Ads), is provided, as well as perspectives on their advantages and disadvantages in research and gene therapy. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
LPPA: Lightweight privacy‐preservation access authentication scheme for massive devices in fifth Generation (5G) cellular networks
Authors: Cao Jin , Ma Maode , Li Hui 
Published: November 2018

SummaryBecause of the requirements of stringent latency, high‐connection density, and massive devices concurrent connection, the design of the security and efficient access authentication for massive devices is the key point to guarantee the application security under the future fifth Generation (5G) systems. The current access authentication mechanism proposed by 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) requires each device to execute the full access authentication process, which can not only incur a lot of protocol attacks but also result in signaling congestion on key nodes in 5G core networks when sea of devices concurrently request to access into the networks. In this paper, we design an efficient and secure privacy‐preservation access authentication scheme for massive devices in 5G wireless networks based on aggregation message authentication code (AMAC) technique. Our proposed scheme can accomplish the access authentication between massive devices and the network at the same time negotiate a distinct secret key between each device and the network. In addition, our proposed scheme can withstand a lot of protocol attacks including interior forgery attacks and DoS attacks and achieve identity privacy protection and group member update without sacrificing the efficiency. The Burrows Abadi Needham (BAN) logic and the formal verification tool: Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications (AVISPA) and Security Protocol ANimator for AVISPA (SPAN) are employed to demonstrate the security of our proposed scheme.
Performance modeling and optimization of multiple‐objective cross‐layer design in multi‐flow ad‐hoc networks
Authors: Mehta Ridhima , Lobiyal Daya Krishan 
Published: November 2018

SummaryIn ad‐hoc wireless networks, to achieve good performance, multiple parameters need to be optimized jointly. However, existing literature lacks a design framework that investigates the synchronic impact of several parameters on overall system performance. Among several design parameters, energy conservation, end‐to‐end delay minimization, and improved throughput are considered most important for efficient operation of these networks. In this paper, we propose a novel scheme for multiple‐objective cross‐layer optimization capable of optimizing all these performance objectives simultaneously for reliable, energy‐efficient, and timely transmission of continuous media information across the network. The three global criteria considered for optimization are incorporated in a single programming problem via linear scalarization. Besides, we employ standard convex optimization method and Lagrangian technique to solve the proposed problem to seek optimality. Extensive simulation results are generated accounting for several topologies with multiple concurrent flows in the network. These results are used to validate the analytical results and demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed optimization model. Efficiency of the model is verified by finding the set of Pareto‐optimal solutions plotted in three‐dimensional objective space. These solution points constituting the Pareto front are used as the best possible balance points among maximum throughput, maximum residual energy, and least network delay. Finally, to emphasize the effectiveness and supremacy of our proposed multiple‐objective cross‐layer design scheme, we compare it with the conventional multiple‐objective genetic algorithm. Simulation results demonstrate that our method provides significant performance gain over the genetic algorithm approach in terms of the above specified three objectives.
Predator‐prey feedback in a gyrfalcon‐ptarmigan system?
Authors: Barraquand Frédéric , Nielsen Ólafur K. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSpecialist predators with oscillating dynamics are often strongly affected by the population dynamics of their prey, yet they are not always the cause of prey cycling. Only those that exert strong (delayed) regulation of their prey can be. Inferring predator–prey coupling from time series therefore requires contrasting models with top‐down versus bottom‐up predator–prey dynamics. We study here the joint dynamics of population densities of the Icelandic gyrfalcon Falco rusticolus, and its prey, the rock ptarmigan Lagopus muta. The dynamics of both species are likely not only linked to each other but also to stochastic weather variables acting as confounding factors. We infer the degree of coupling between populations, as well as forcing by abiotic variables, using multivariate autoregressive models MAR(p), with p = 1 and 2 time lags. MAR(2) models, allowing for species to cycle independently from each other, further suggest alternative scenarios where a cyclic prey influences its predator but not the other way around (i.e., bottom‐up scenarios). The classical MAR(1) model predicts that the time series exhibit predator–prey feedback (i.e., reciprocal dynamic influence between prey and predator), and that weather effects are weak and only affecting the gyrfalcon population. Bottom‐up MAR(2) models produced a better fit but less realistic cross‐correlation patterns. Simulations of MAR(1) and MAR(2) models further demonstrate that the top‐down MAR(1) models are more likely to be misidentified as bottom‐up dynamics than vice versa. We therefore conclude that predator–prey feedback in the gyrfalcon–ptarmigan system is likely the main cause of observed oscillations, though bottom‐up dynamics cannot yet be excluded with certainty. Overall, we showed how to make more out of ecological time series by using simulations to gauge the quality of model identification, and paved the way for more mechanistic modeling of this system by narrowing the set of important biotic and abiotic drivers.