bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hamsters Are a Better Model System than Rats for Evaluating the Hypocholesterolemic Efficacy of Potential Probiotic Strains
Authors: Guo Chun‐Feng , Yuan Ya‐Hong , Yue Tian‐Li , Li Jing‐Yan 
Published: June 2018

ScopeRats and hamsters are the most commonly used animal models for evaluating the hypocholesterolemic activity of potential probiotic strains, whereas little or no information has been reported on whether the animal models would affect the experimental conclusions regarding the hypocholesterolemic efficacy of the strains.Methods and resultsBoth high‐cholesterol‐fed rats and hamsters were intragastrically administered viable cells of bile salt hydrolase‐active Lactobacillus acidophilus K16 once daily (1 × 1010 CFU per kg body weight) for 28 d. It was found that the strain did not significantly (p > 0.05) affect the serum and hepatic cholesterol levels in rats, whereas it significantly decreased (p < 0.01 or p < 0.001) the serum total and non‐HDL‐cholesterol as well as hepatic‐free, esterified, and total cholesterol levels in hamsters by 29.6%, 38.8%, 15.8%, 36.2%, and 34.0%, respectively.ConclusionThese data suggest that the hypocholesterolemic efficacy of L. acidophilus K16 is substantially different between high‐cholesterol‐fed hamsters and rats and that hamsters are a better model system than rats for evaluating the hypocholesterolemic efficacy of potential probiotic strains due to their similarity to humans in biliary bile acid composition, including types of bile acids and their conjugation form.
Count statistics of nonparalyzable photon‐counting detectors with nonzero pulse length
Authors: Grönberg Fredrik , Danielsson Mats , Sjölin Martin 
Published: June 2018

PurposePhoton‐counting detectors are expected to be the next big step in the development of medical computed tomography (CT). Accurate modeling of the behavior of photon‐counting detectors in both low and high count rate regimes is important for accurate image reconstruction and detector performance evaluations. The commonly used ideal nonparalyzable (delta pulse) model is built on crude assumptions that make it unsuitable for predicting the behavior of photon‐counting detectors at high count rates. The aim of this work is to present an analytical count statistics model that better describes the behavior of photon‐counting detectors with nonzero pulse length.MethodsAn analytical statistical count distribution model for nonparalyzable detectors with nonzero pulse length is derived using tools from statistical analysis. To validate the model, a nonparalyzable photon‐counting detector is simulated using Monte Carlo methods and compared against. Image performance metrics are computed using the Fisher information metric and a comparison between the proposed model, approximations of the proposed model, and those made by the ideal nonparalyzable model is presented and analyzed.ResultsIt is shown that the presented model agrees well with the results from the Monte Carlo simulation and is stable for varying x‐ray beam qualities. It is also shown that a simple Gaussian approximation of the distribution can be used to accurately model the behavior and performance of nonparalyzable detectors with nonzero pulse length. Furthermore, the comparison of performance metrics show that the proposed model predicts a very different behavior than the ideal nonparalyzable detector model, suggesting that the proposed model can fill an important gap in the understanding of pileup effects.ConclusionsAn analytical model for the count statistics of a nonparalyzable photon‐counting detector with nonzero pulse length is presented. The model agrees well with results obtained from Monte Carlo simulations and can be used to improve, speed up and simplify modeling of photon‐counting detectors.
Nutrition Management of Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Authors: Christian Vikram J. , Polzin Elizabeth , Welak Scott 
Published: June 2018

AbstractNecrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most significant causes of morbidity and mortality among premature infants. The exact cause is considered multifactorial and related to gastrointestinal immaturity, inflammation and enteral feeding. The role of nutrition is vitally important in NEC. The main modifiable risk factor is the introduction and advancement of enteral feedings. After an infant has recovered from NEC, enteral feeds should be cautiously resumed to prevent injury from prolonged use of parenteral nutrition. The logistics of how, when, and what to feed are somewhat unclear and often depend on the severity of the disease. For patients with an enterostomy, refeeding the distal intestine with the small‐intestinal ostomy output may improve bowel growth and prevent long‐term complications.
Colonic Mucosal Proteome Signature Reveals Reduced Energy Metabolism and Protein Synthesis but Activated Autophagy during Anorexia‐Induced Malnutrition in Mice
Authors: Nobis Séverine , Achamrah Najate , Goichon Alexis , L'Huillier Clément , Morin Aline , Guérin Charlène , Chan Philippe , do Rego Jean Luc , do Rego Jean Claude , Vaudry David , Déchelotte Pierre , Belmonte Liliana , Coëffier Moïse 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAnorexia nervosa is an eating disorder often associated with intestinal disorders. To explore the underlying mechanisms of these disorders, the colonic proteome was evaluated during activity‐based anorexia. Female C57Bl/6 mice were randomized into three groups: Control, Limited Food Access (LFA) and Activity‐Based Anorexia (ABA). LFA and ABA mice had a progressive limited access to food but only ABA mice had access to an activity wheel. On colonic mucosal protein extracts, a 2D PAGE‐based comparative proteomic analysis was then performed and differentially expressed proteins were identified by LC‐ESI‐MS/MS. Twenty‐seven nonredundant proteins that were differentially expressed between Control, LFA, and ABA groups were identified. ABA mice exhibited alteration of several mitochondrial proteins involved in energy metabolism such as dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase and 3‐mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase. In addition, a downregulation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway was observed leading, on the one hand, to the inhibition of protein synthesis, evaluated by puromycin incorporation and mediated by the increased phosphorylation of eukaryotic elongation factor 2, and on the other hand, to the activation of autophagy, assessed by the increase of the marker of autophagy, form LC3‐phosphatidylethanolamine conjugate/Cytosolic form of Microtubule‐associated protein 1A/1B light chain 3 (LC3II/LC3I) ratio. Colonic mucosal proteome is altered during ABA suggesting a downregulation of energy metabolism. A decrease of protein synthesis and an activation of autophagy were also observed mediated by mTOR pathway.
A theoretical study on excited state proton transfer in 2‐(2′‐dihydroxyphenyl) benzoxazole
Authors: Li Jia , Zhang Meixia , Du Can , Song Peng , Li Xiaodong 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis research investigates the dynamic excited state process for a novel system 2‐(2′‐dihydroxyphenyl) benzoxazole (DHBO) for excited state proton transfer (ESPT) process based on density functional theory (DFT) and time‐dependent DFT (TDDFT) methods. Because 2 intramolecular hydrogen bonds (O1―H2···N3 and O4―H5···O6) in DHBO molecules may trigger proton transfer process in the S1 state, we focus on these 2 hydrogen bonds. Our results show that only the O1―H2···N3 bond has obvious changes in both bond length and bond angle upon photoexcitation. Charge redistribution also confirms that hydrogen bond wire (O1―H2···N3) is the best way to achieve the ESPT process in the S1 state. Considering the ESPT mechanism, our theoretical potential energy curves of DHBO indicate that only the excited state single‐proton transfer process occurs via O1―H2···N3 rather than O4―H5···O6. We believe that our work not only clarifies the excited state dynamical behavior of DHBO but also promotes the investigations about ESPT reactions in intramolecular or intermolecular hydrogen bonded chemical systems.
Delay compensation for linear systems with both state and distinct input delays
Authors: Liu Qingsong , Zhou Bin 
Published: June 2018

SummaryThis paper is concerned with the stabilization of linear systems with both state and distinct input delays. Nested predictor feedback controllers are designed to predict the future states such that the distinct input delays that can be arbitrarily large yet bounded are compensated completely. It is shown that the compensated closed‐loop system possesses the same characteristic equation as the closed‐loop system without distinct input delays. Both continuous‐time and discrete‐time time‐delay systems are studied in this paper. Moreover, the safe implementation problem for the continuous‐time nested predictor feedback controller is solved via adding input filters. Three numerical examples show the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.
Synthesis, Characterization and Biocompatibility of Mesolamellar Calcium Phosphate Hybrids Prepared by Anionic Surfactant Templating
Authors: Salinas Antonio J. , Blanco‐Bécares José M. , Mersinlioglu Okan , Casarrubios Laura , Fernández‐Villa Daniel , Feito María J. , Portolés Teresa , González Blanca , Vallet‐Regí María 
Published: June 2018

AbstractCalcium phosphate (CaP) based hybrid materials have been synthesized through a precipitation method in aqueous medium in the presence of the anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) as structure directing agent. Parameters of synthesis, such as Ca/P molar ratio, surfactant concentration and initial pH, have been investigated trying to get mesostructured CaP phases. A lamellar‐like hybrid mesophase consisting in several wavy layers of apatite or apatite‐brushite nanoplates was successfully obtained. Materials have been characterized by several physico‐chemical techniques. A potential application of these lamellar calcium phosphate based hybrids can be as matrixes in drug delivery systems with the possibility of loading hydrophobic drugs in the organic interlayers. To evaluate their potential as biomaterials, the biocompatibility of two hybrids has been studiedin vitrowith human Saos‐2 osteoblasts. Cell assays showed that, upon the appropriate synthesis and stabilization conditions, a biocompatible CaP and SDBS mesolamellar hybrid can be prepared.
ZnFe2O4 Nanoparticles: An Efficient and Recyclable Catalyst for the Synthesis of Isatinylidenethiazol‐4‐one Derivatives
Authors: De Kajal , Mukhopadhyay Chhanda 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAn efficient chromatography free one‐pot three‐component approach for the synthesis of 2‐amino‐5‐isatinylidenethiazol‐4‐one derivatives has been described by the reaction of substituted isatins, rhodanine and amines under environment benevolent condition. The reaction is facilitated in presence of heterogeneous ZnFe2O4 catalyst. The ZnFe2O4 catalyst has been synthesised and the catalyst has been thoroughly characterized by X‐ray Diffraction (XRD), High‐Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), N2‐adsorption and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) analysis.
Synthesis of NiMoSO/rGO Composites Based on NiMoO4 and Reduced Graphene with High‐Performance Electrochemical Electrodes
Authors: Guan Xiao‐Hui , Lan Xue , Lv Xuan , Yang Liu , Wang Guang‐Sheng 
Published: June 2018

AbstractNiMoO4/Ni3S2/MoS2 (NiMoSO) composites have been successfully synthesized by a simple hydrothermal process based on NiMoO4, and a series of NiMoSO/rGO with different weight rate of rGO were also prepared. The morphology, crystal structure and formation of the NiMoSO/rGO10% were characterized by SEM, TEM, XRD, XPS, Raman spectra and TG analysis, revealing that the image of NiMoSO/rGO10% consists of numerous nanoparticles, a few nanorods with mesoporous nature and graphene with no the electrostatic restacking. The specific capacitance of the NiMoSO/rGO10% was 900 F⋅g–1 at the current density 1 A⋅g–1, and the capacitance retention of NiMoSO/rGO10% was 85.9% after 2000 cycles. NiMoSO/rGO10% hybrid exhibits a high specific capacitance accompanied with long term cyclic stability. Thus, the NiMoSO/rGO10% could be considered as prospective electrode material for high‐performance supercapacitors.
A New Facile Iodine‐Promoted One‐Pot Synthesis of Dihydroquinazolinone Compounds
Authors: Setikam Praveen Kumar , Valavala Narayana Murthy , Komanduri Ravi Ganesh , Rapolu Venkateshwarlu , Golagani Srinivas Rao , Tadiparthi Krishnaji , Akula Raghunadh 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA one‐pot iodine catalyzed reaction has been developed for the preparation of dihydroquinazolinones from isatoic anhydride, enaminones, and amines in modest to good yields. The reaction has been screened in various catalysts and solvents and a gram scale experiment has been performed based on the optimum conditions. A possible mechanism has been proposed based on the control experiments. The reaction has been checked with broad range of substrates.
Cu(I)/Ag(I)‐3‐(2‐Pyridyl)‐5,6‐diphenyl‐1,2,4‐triazine‐p,p’‐disulfonate Based Coordination Polymers: Synthesis, Structures and Photoluminescent Properties
Authors: Singh Suryabhan 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThree new coordination polymers (CPs), namely [Cu2(pdtd)(bpy)2]n.12H2O (1), [Ag2(pdtd)(azpy)]n (2) and [Ag2(pdtd)]n (3) (where pdtd=3‐(2‐Pyridyl)‐5,6‐diphenyl‐1,2,4‐triazine‐p,p’‐disulfonate, bpy=4,4’‐bipyridine and azpy=4,4’‐azopyridine), have been synthesized and characterized using elemental analysis, IR, UV‐vis, thermal studies and finally their structures were determined by single crystal X‐ray diffraction technique. The single crystal structural studies reveal that CP 1 is one dimensional structure while, 2 and 3 are two dimensional structures. In case of CP 1 comprising of Cu(I), the sulfonate groups of pdtd ligand are free whereas in 2 and 3 having Ag(I), sulfonate groups of the ligand are bonded to the Ag(I) centres. The photoluminescent properties of all the three CPs have been studied in solid state. All the three CPs display strong emissions in visible region which are red shifted in comparison to the free ligand. The suspension of CP 3 is stable in organic solvents and show emission band similar to that solid state except in nitrobenzene.
Are Small Quasi‐Fullerenes Capable of Encapsulating Trimetallic Nitrides A3‐xBxN (A, B =Sc, Y, La,x=0‐3)? A DFT Study
Authors: Celaya Christian A. , Reina Miguel , Muñiz Jesús , Sansores Luis Enrique 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe capacity of small quasi‐fullerenes (C48‐qand C60‐q, q stands for quasi) to encapsulate trimetallic nitride clusters; A3‐xBxN (A, B=Sc, Y, La,x=0‐3) was investigated by applying Density Functional Theory (DFT). Optimized geometries and the computation ofΔGformation energies,ΔΕHOMO‐LUMOenergy values, chemical potential, chemical hardness and aromaticity were all performed in order to understand chemical reactivity and thermal stability of these novel quasi‐metallofullerenes. Moreover, the donor‐acceptor properties of the quasi‐metallofullerenes systems compared to the bare quasi‐fullerene cages are also analyzed. Finally, to understand the effect of temperature at which quasi‐fullerenes could be subjected to,ab initiomolecular dynamics (MD) was also performed. The main conclusion of this report is that small quasi‐fullerenes are capable of encapsulating trimetallic nitride clusters, and that the donor‐acceptor properties are enhanced due to the presence of clusters.
Polydopamine/Cellulose Nanofibrils Composite Film as Potential Vehicle for Drug Delivery
Authors: Liu Yingying , Wang Qingbo , Shen Qianfeng , Wu Meiyan , Liu Chao , Zhang Yuedong , Yu Guang , Li Bin , Li Youming 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBoth cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and polydopamine (PDA) have attracted much attention due to their unique physical‐chemical properties and environmental benign nature. In this work, CNFs produced by 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine‐1‐oxyl (TEMPO) ‐mediated oxidation (named as TOCNFs) were combined with PDA to prepare a novel pH/near‐infrared‐responsive (NIR) PDA/TOCNFs composite film, which was used for drug delivery. Tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) was used as a model drug. Results indicated that the TH loaded in the PDA/TOCNFs composite films could be released in an on‐demand fashion under NIR exposure or at lower pH conditions, and the mechanism of drug release was mainly driven by Case‐II transport. The prepared PDA/TOCNFs composite film can be a promising new drug delivery vehicle for the sustained drug release applications, attributing to their long time period drug releasing property, sensitive pH/NIR responses, as well as their biodegradability and biocompatibility.
Ce3+‐Doped Polyaniline Hollow Microspheres as Electrode Material of Supercapacitor
Authors: Li Zhihua , Hu Jiankang , Li Yanbo , Liu Jun 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPolyaniline (PANI) hollow microspheres were fabricated by self‐assembly method and further doped with cerium ions (Ce3+). The constitution and morphology of Ce3+‐doped PANI (PANI/Ce3+) were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) etc. Furthermore, a 2016‐type buckle capacitor was assembled and PANI/Ce3+ was employed as electrode material. The electrochemical properties of PANI/Ce3+ capacitor were measured by cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanotatic charge‐discharge (GCD), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and so on. The PANI/Ce3+ capacitor exhibited high specific capacitance and small resistance. The specific capacitance of PANI/Ce3+ was 248.2 F/g at current density of 1 mA/cm2.
Smartphone‐Assisted Colorimetric Detection of Cr3+ using Vitamin B6 Cofactor Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles and Its Applications in Real Sample Analyses
Authors: Upadhyay Yachana , Bothra Shilpa , Kumar Rajender , Sahoo Suban K. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis communication demonstrates a rapid, reproducible and highly selective colorimetric nanosensor for the detection of Cr3+ ions in aqueous medium using the functionalized gold nanoparticles. The functionalized AuNPs were obtained in three steps: (i) the citrate capped Cit‐AuNPs were prepared by standard procedure, (ii) the thiolated Schiff base CAPLP was generated in‐situ by reacting vitamin B6 cofactor pyridoxal 5′‐phosphate and cysteamine, and then (iii) the CAPLP was decorated over the surface of Cit‐AuNPs via ligand exchange method yielding spherical and well dispersed nanoparticles of size ∼16±2 nm. The wine red color of CAPLP‐AuNPs solution turned to purplish blue upon addition of Cr3+ ions along with the SPR band was red‐shifted from 525 nm to 650 nm due to the complexation‐induced aggregation of nanoparticles. With a high selectivity and specificity, this nano‐assembly shows the detection limit down to 2.34 μM and finds applicability over a wide range of pH. The developed nanosensor was applied in environmental water samples for Cr3+ ions detection and achieved ideal results. More significantly, the visually detectable color change of CAPLP‐AuNPs has been successfully integrated with a smartphone RGBColorValue app to make it useful for on‐site fast measurement and real‐time online analysis of Cr3+ with the detection limit down to 11 μM.
An Approach to P=N Bond Formation: Straightforward Synthesis of Arylurea‐Derived Phosphazenes via Condensation of Ph3P=O withN‐Monosubstituted Arylureas
Authors: Min Xiangting , Liu Jianhui 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe Hendrickson's reagent‐mediated formation of the P=N bond provides access to arylurea‐derived phosphazenes compounds using readily availableN‐monosubstituted arylureas and Ph3P=O. Various functional groups were tolerated to give arylurea‐derived phosphazenes in the yield of 71–93%. The reaction also provides an alternative strategy for constructing compounds containing P=N bond. In this transformation, the Hendrickson's reagent unprecedented selectively reacts with the free amine group instead of the oxygen atom ofN‐monosubstituted arylurea. In addition, we found that thioureas could act as an effective thionating agent by converting Ph3P=O to Ph3P=S.
Tailoring Thin‐Film Piezoelectrics for Crash Sensing
Authors: Joshi Sudeep , Nayak M. M. , Rajanna K. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractCrash sensing and its assessment play a pivotal role in autonomous vehicles for preventing fatal casualties. Existing crash sensors are severely bottlenecked by sluggish response time, rigid mechanical components, and space constraints. Miniaturized sensors embedded with custom‐tailored nanomaterials upholds potential to overcome these limitations. In this article, piezoelectric Zinc‐Oxide thin film as a crash sensing layer is integrated onto a flexible metal‐alloy cantilever. Material characterization studies are conducted to confirm piezoelectric property of sputtered ZnO film. The piezoelectric d
31 coefficient value of ZnO film was 7.2 pm V–1. The ZnO sensing element is firmly mounted on a scaled car model and used in a crash sensing experimental set‐up. A comprehensive theoretical analysis for two different real scenarios (nearly elastic and nearly inelastic collision) of crash events followed by experimental study is discussed. The crash sensor's output exhibits a linear relationship with magnitude of impact forces experienced at crash events. The response time of ZnO crash sensor is 18.2 ms, and it exhibits a sensitivity of 28.7 mV N–1. The developed crash sensor has potential to replace bulk material sensors owing to its faster response time, high sensitivity, and compactness as the demand for crash sensors in next‐generation automobile industries is progressively growing.
Improved combination method of background component and resonant component of wind loads on high‐rise buildings
Authors: Xu A. , Zhao R.H. , Wu J.R. 
Published: June 2018

SummaryHigh frequency force balance (HFFB) technique is one of the most widely used approaches for estimating wind effects on super‐tall buildings. The traditional method for computing the equivalent static wind load (ESWL) of HFFB wind tunnel tests usually separately calculates the background ESWL and resonant ESWL and then combines them by using the square root of the sum of the squares method. This method neglects the correlation between the background response and resonant response and consequently provides inaccurate ESWL results. By analyzing the mechanism of the correlation, this paper proposed an improved method by adding an item to the traditional equation to represent such correlation. Two super‐tall building cases, the Guangzhou East Tower (530 m) and the Guangzhou West Tower (432 m), were investigated to examine the validity of the proposed method. Compared with the traditional method, the proposed method provides much more accurate results. The simple but effective method is helpful to researchers and engineering in investigating the wind effects on super‐tall buildings based on HFFB wind tunnel tests.