bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retrospective study on the characteristics of common urogenital tract pathogens in Beijing
Authors: Zhao Meimei , Jiang YongWei , Kong Xiaomu , Liu Yi , Gao Peng , Li Mo , Zhu Haoyan , Deng Guoxiong , Feng Ziyi , Ma Liang , Cao Yongtong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: This study aims to investigate the infection status of Mycoplasma genitalium (MG), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), and Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) among male and female patients in Beijing, with the objective of providing a foundation for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Methods: A comprehensive collection of 7,373 urine and vaginal swab samples was obtained from male and female patients admitted to the China-Japan Friendship Hospital between December 2019 and March 2024. The detection of MG-RNA, CT-RNA, NG-RNA, and UU-RNA was performed using a real-time fluorescent nucleic acid isothermal amplification assay (SAT). Subsequently, the infection status was analyzed across different variables, including sex, age, and diagnosis.
Results: The overall positive detection rates for MG, CT, NG, and UU among all patients were 2.70% (199/7373), 3.76% (277/7373), 1.84% (136/7373), and 21.99% (1621/7373), respectively. Notably, the detection rate of UU was significantly higher compared to the other three pathogens, with the difference being statistically significant (P < 0.01). Among male patients, the infection rates for MG, CT, NG, and UU were 2.76% (173/6268), 3.72% (233/6268), 1.99% (125/6268), and 16.16% (1013/6268), respectively. In females, the infection rates for MG, CT, NG, and UU were 2.35% (26/1105), 3.98% (44/1105), 1.00% (11/1105), and 55.02% (608/1105), respectively. The infection rate of UU in females was significantly higher than that in males, whereas the infection rate of NG was higher in males than in females. These differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05).
Conclusions: UU is the predominant infection of the urogenital tract in both male and female patients in the Beijing area. Therefore, it is imperative to enhance early screening and monitoring in clinical diagnosis and treatment, and to initiate early clinical intervention.
Levels and seasonal patterns of selected essential macro and micronutrients in commercial avocado varieties and soil nutrient status of avocado farms at Mojo and Melkassa sites, Ethiopia
Authors: Aregahegn Zeyede , Etissa Edossa , Bekele Israel , Abera Dejene 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Avocado fruit is rich in essential nutrients, highly productive, and are recommended for combating malnutrition. This study focuses on the levels of essential macro- and micronutrients, seasonal patterns in commercial avocado varieties, and the soil nutrient status of avocado farms in Mojo and Melkassa, Ethiopia. Soil samples were collected from commercial avocado farms in Mojo, and avocado leaf samples from the Hass, Fuerte, and Ettinger varieties were collected from both Mojo and the Melkassa Agricultural Research Center. The soil analysis from the Mojo avocado fields revealed high CEC (31.05–38.40 meq/100 g soil), a neutral to alkaline pH (7.49–7.78), low TN (0.06–0.10%), low to medium OC content (0.67–1.59%), medium Cu and Mn levels (0.67 ppm–0.85 ppm and 1.27 ppm–2.02 ppm, respectively), and very low Fe and Zn levels (0 ppm and 0.10 ppm–0.34 ppm, respectively). The concentration of nitrogen in the leaf tissue of the Hass variety at the Mojo site generally decreased from February to July but was consistent at the MARC site. Among the three avocado varieties (Hass, Fuerte, and Ettinger), the Hass variety exhibited the highest nitrogen levels, followed by Fuerte and Ettinger. The Pearson correlation analysis of avocado leaves reveals synergistic relationships between Mn, Cu, and Ca, as well as antagonistic interactions between TN and Zn and competition between Zn and Fe offering insights for optimizing nutrient management and promoting healthy avocado growth.
A clinical study of improved percutaneous vertebroplasty for treatment of Kummell’s disease without neurological symptoms
Authors: Luo Wei , Zheng Yang , Chen Lianglong , Kang Fangjing , Liu Jicheng , Yang Jinghai 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

[Objective] To investigate the clinical effect of improved percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) for the treatment of Kummell’s disease without neurological symptoms.
[Methods] Thirty-nine Kummell’s disease patients without neurological symptoms, including 7 males and 32 females aged between 59 and 89, who received surgery on their T8-L5 vertebrae at our hospital from November 2022 to February 2024 were included in this study. Of them, 18 received the improved PVP surgery and 21 underwent the traditional bilateral PVP surgery. Both groups of patients had complete follow-up data for 6-15 months, averaging (9.28±1.99) months. Outcome measures included intraoperative bone cement leakage, bone cement injection volume, C-arm fluoroscopic frequency, operation time, visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) before operation, 1d after operation, and at the last follow-up. The two surgical operations were approved by the Ethics Committee of Loudi Central Hospital in Hunan Province.
[Results] All the 39 patients were successfully operated and had complete follow-up data. ① The bone cement injection volume in the improved PVP group was significantly higher than that in the traditional PVP group (P＜0.01). ② The operation time and intraoperative C-arm fluoroscopic frequency of the improved PVP group were significantly less than those of the traditional PVP group (P＜0.05). ③ Both groups did not suffer nerve injury and other severe complications during operation. Bone cement leakage occurred in 12 patients (66.67%) of the improved PVP group and 16 patients (76.19%) of the traditional PVP group. The difference in bone cement leakage between the two groups was not significant (P＞0.05). ④ The VAS and ODI scores of both groups were significantly improved after surgery (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in VAS and ODI scores 1d after operation and at the last follow-up between the two groups (P＞0.05).
[Conclusion] Both improved and traditional PVP have good effects and high safety in the treatment of Kummell’s disease without neurological symptoms. However, the former has advantages of shorter operation time, a lower C-arm fluoroscopic frequency, and higher bone cement injection volume.
Methylene Blue confers protection against hepatotoxicity induced by Cisplatin; the involvement of the interactions between iron-sensing proteins, NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy, and oxidative stress
Authors: Attia Hany G , Elbaset Marawan A. , Mohamed Bassim M. S. A. , Moustafa Passant E. , Hussien Yosra Assem , Alasmari Saeed , El-Gendy Zeinab A. , Hessin Alyaa Farouk , Korany Reda MS , Fayed Hany M. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Cisplatin (Cisp) is a widely used cancer treatment that is effective and frequently included in treatment plans. Treatment plans that use large doses of Cisp or cumulative dosages, however, may cause liver damage. This study investigated the protective effects of Methylene Blue (Meth) against ‎cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity in male Wistar Albino rats. Rats were divided into four groups: control, cisplatin (CP, 8 mg/kg, IP), and two Meth-‎treated groups (25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg, IP) with CP‎. Cisplatin administration (8 mg/kg, IP) significantly impaired liver function, increased ‎oxidative stress, promoted apoptosis, and disrupted iron homeostasis. Treatment with ‎Meth at doses of 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg demonstrated dose-dependent ‎hepatoprotective effects. The higher dose (50 mg/kg) of Meth effectively restored liver ‎function markers, antioxidant status, and iron regulatory proteins (IRP2, TRF1, ferritin and NCOA4) in addition to ferritinophagy to levels comparable ‎with the control group. Meth treatment significantly reduced lipid peroxidation, inhibited ‎apoptotic pathways, and modulated iron-related gene expression. The 50 mg/kg dose ‎consistently outperformed the 25 mg/kg dose across all measured parameters. These ‎findings suggest that Methylene Blue, particularly at higher doses, may serve as a ‎promising therapeutic agent in mitigating cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity by reducing ‎oxidative stress, regulating iron homeostasis, and inhibiting apoptotic pathways.‎
Morphological, biochemical content, antioxidant activity and molecular characterization of barberry genotypes growing naturally in central Türkiye
Authors: Sun Muammer , Yaman Mehmet , Sümbül Ahmet , Demirel Fatih 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

As people become more aware of the connection between health and nutrition, there has been a rise in interest in wild fruit species that are natural, contain a high amount of nutrients, and are helpful to one's health. One of the wild fruit species with a natural distribution in Türkiye, and historically used for medicinal purposes due to its rich composition, is Berberis crataegina DC. Various parts of the plant, including its roots, bark, leaves, flowers, and fruits, have been utilized in traditional medicine, while its fruits are also consumed in various forms as food. This study aimed to characterize the morphological, biochemical, and molecular traits of B. crataegina DC. genotypes naturally growing in the Kayseri region, located in central Türkiye. The fruit weight of the genotypes ranged from 0.047 to 0.137 g, fruit width from 3.06 to 4.64 mm, and fruit length from 5.80 to 9.05 mm. Similarly, the leaf traits of the genotypes exhibited wide variation. Leaf length, leaf width, petiole length, and petiole thickness varied between 22.56 and 39.20 mm, 5.98 and 14.45 mm, 4.51 and 11.84 mm, and 0.35 and 0.68 mm, respectively. The total phenolic content ranged from 190.53 to 297.55 mg GAE/100 g, total flavonoid content from 82.03 to 203.89 mg QE/100 g, total anthocyanin content from 4.54 to 11.76 mg cyn-3 gluc/100 g, and total antioxidant capacity between 57.76% and 87.93%. A principal component analysis (PCA) of 11 traits identified four principal components with eigenvalues greater than 1. The first four components accounted for 71.89% of the total variation, with PCA1 explaining 23.48%, PCA2 18.68%, PCA3 16.39%, and PCA4 13.34%. ISSR molecular analysis using nine markers revealed a band count ranging from 4 to 13, polymorphic band count between 3 and 10, and polymorphism rates from 61.54–100%, with band lengths ranging from 200 to 1000 base pairs. According to the UPGMA dendrogram based on molecular analyses, the genetic similarity between the genotypes ranged from 0.64 to 1.00, with B2 and B13 being the most similar genotypes. In conclusion, the Kayseri region is rich in B. crataegina DC. genotypes with wide genetic variation. The genotypes identified in this region may serve as valuable genetic resources for future studies.
Mobile Ransomware Detection Leveraging Swarm Intelligence and Machine Learning: A KELM-Based Approach
Authors: Khurma Ruba Abu , Alazab Moutaz , Xiao Yaning , Sood Keshav , Yu Shui , Jan Tony , Shah Mohd Asif , Mallik Saurav 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Mobile dependence amplifies privacy risks associated with advanced malware threats such as ransomware, Trojan horses, botnet and spyware. Ransomware, in particular, encrypts those portable devices, demanding payment for access, presenting a critical challenge for user privacy, economic stability, and corporate trust. This paper proposes an effective strategy leveraging machine learning and swarm intelligence. Our strategy incorporates the Kernel Extreme Learning Machine (KELM) for efficient data processing and a Sand Cat Swarm Optimization (SCSO) algorithm for optimal parameter selection. The paper also highlights the most important features for accurate detection and shows the potential risks associated with these threats, such as unauthorized access to personal information , changes to phone and network data, and gaining deep control over the device. While the KELM algorithm is used to classify the mobile applications (apps) as either ransomware or non-ransomware, the SCSO functionality looks for the best features and ideal values for the KELM hyperparameters. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed system, we used a dataset comprising 1000 real-world samples collected from diverse platforms including Koodous, Virus Total, HelDroid, and RansomProper security projects, as well as benign applications obtained from the official Google Play Store. The experiments were then divided into two parts: the evaluation of the SCSO swarm size and the inquiries into the hybridization of the logarithmic operator. To identify ransomware, the optimal SCSO version with the KELM is utilized, and its efficacy is contrasted with other traditional machine learning methods. When compared to other algorithms, the suggested (SCSO-KELM) performs better in terms of several evaluation metrics, including promising convergence characteristics. The proposed method outperforms others in various metrics.
Diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for recurrence or metastases in colorectal cancer: A systematic review
Authors: Serrano-Segura Judith , Fuentes Araceli , Florensa Didac , Godoy Sofia , Miret Carme , Godoy Pere 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background/Objectives:
Diabetes has been associated with the risk of colorectal cancer, but its role as a risk factor for recurrence or metastasis is unknown. The aim of this systematic review was to examine the risk of pre-existing diabetes in the progression of colorectal cancer, whether local recurrence or metastasis.
Methods
A summary synthesis was performed in accordance with the Synthesis Without Meta-analysis guideline. The MeSH terms used were diabetes, colorectal neoplasm and metastasis. The studies should include diabetes as a pre-exposure to the diagnosis of colorectal cancer, investigate local recurrence or metastasis of colorectal cancer and be an original observational primary investigation.
Results
From 626 identified studies, 9 cohort studies were selected, including a total of 16,855 patients. An association of diabetes with a shorter time to recurrence was found in prospective studies of patients with colon cancer only (n = 8,103; HR = 1.35; 95% CI:1.04–1.77). The relationship was not significant in studies with patients with both colon and rectal cancer (n = 1,923) and patients with rectal cancer only (n = 1,950). Regarding the incidence of recurrence, one European study with patients with rectal cancer (n = 53) found an association of diabetes with a significantly higher local recurrence, although not with metastasis. In a study of non-European patients with colon cancer (n = 1,923), no differences were found in the incidence of recurrences based on diabetes status.
Conclusions
Diabetes may play a prognostic role in colon cancer. Diabetes may be a risk factor for cancer recurrence in Europe, but not in other parts of the world.
Application of novel triazolium-containing hydrogels to cotton fabrics: Evaluation of their flame retardancy and antibacterial properties
Authors: Söyler Nejmi , Dalbaşı Eylen Sema , Türkmen Hayati 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

A novel series of triazolium ionic salts were synthesised and characterised using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy as well as ¹H and ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The thermal degradation kinetics and activation energy of the ionic salts were studied using Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose, Flynn–Wall–Ozawa and Starink methodologies. The results indicated that the thermal degradation mechanism of the synthesised triazolium flame retardants is influenced by the mono- and dicationic triazolium rings with different alkyl chain lengths. The activation energy increased with the decrease in the alkyl chain length and the addition of a triazolium ring. Triazolium-containing hydrogels were prepared and applied to cotton fabrics to enhance their flame-retardant and antibacterial properties. The vertical flammability test results confirmed that PBDIL12_20, which contained 20 wt% dicationic ionic salt, exhibited the highest flame retardancy among the tested samples. All the cotton fabrics treated with the triazolium hydrogels exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, achieving bacteriostatic rates of > 99%. This study presents a novel method for the development of flame-retardant and antibacterial cotton fabrics, which can be used in protective clothing to safeguard skin from fire and health hazards.
Metagenomic Analysis Identifying a Polymicrobial Pulmonary Infection in a Non-HIV Immunocompromised Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Duan Jing , Ding Jie , Zhang Yingxin , You Zhiqing , Li Ding , Chen Chao 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Polymicrobial pulmonary infections, common in immunocompromised patients, often manifest more severe symptoms than monomicrobial infections. Clinical diagnosis delays may lead to mortality, emphasizing the importance of fast and accurate diagnosis for these patients. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS), as an unbiased method capable of detecting all microbes, is a valuable tool to identify pathogens, particularly in cases where infections are difficult to diagnosis using conventional methods.
Case presentation:
A 50-year-old male patient was admitted due to cough, expectoration and dyspnea. CT scan revealed diffuse inflammatory and cavernous lung lesion, and blood examination suggested a polymicrobial infection. However, no etiology was found by routine examination. mNGS of bronchoalveolar lavage simultaneously detected the presence of Pneumocystis jirovecii, Aspergillus fumigates, Nocardia farcinica, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica, and cytomegalovirus (CMV). The patient was successfully treated with compound sulfamethoxazole, cefoperazone/sulbactam, moxifloxacin, voriconazole, and ganciclovir. The patient recovered after two weeks of anti-infection therapy and maintained good health at a six-month follow-up.
Conclusion
For immunocompromised patients with multiple infections and atypical symptoms, mNGS emerged as a reliable approach to pathogen detection and guiding antibiotic therapy.
Increased kidney length in mild urinary tract dilatation is a significant prognostic factor for non-resolution
Authors: Ishimori Shingo , Fujimura Junya , Nishiyama Atsushi , Morisawa Takeshi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Even asymptomatic and mild urinary tract dilatation (UTD) that does not resolve may harbor the potential for progression of the severity of UTD, which suggests the need for continued observation. However, no studies have investigated factors contributing to the persistence or non-resolution of mild UTD.
Materials and Methods
We conducted a prospective cohort study of children who were newly diagnosed with mild UTD during the neonatal period from 2013 to 2021. They were evaluated by periodic kidney ultrasound until 3 years old. Sonographic reference values of kidney length were evaluated according to estimation formulas, and sonographic kidney volume was calculated using kidney length, width, and depth.
Results
This study included 33 children with mild UTD, which involved 58 kidney units. These units were graded as UTD P1 in 23 and UTD P2 in 35 units. Sonographic kidney length and volume were significantly higher in kidneys with UTD P2 that did not resolve during 3 years than in those that resolved at 3, 6 months and 1 year. The time to resolution of UTD P2 in kidneys with a length > 0.7 standard deviations at 3 months and > 1.2 standard deviations at 6 months was significantly longer than that in kidneys with a length ≤ 0.7 standard deviations at 3 months (p < 0.01) and ≤ 1.2 standard deviations at 6months (p = 0.01).
Conclusions
Increased sonographic kidney length in UTD P2 is a prognostic factor for non-resolution of kidney pelvic dilatation.
Trial Registration
UMIN Clinical Trial Registry: UMIN 000013286 (https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000015493), with the registration date of February 26, 2014.
Assessment of hemoglobin response to iron folate supplementation and associated factors among pregnant women attending public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A prospective follow-up study
Authors: Admass Zeleke Endalew , Gessesse Abraham Dessie , Ayalsew Haimanot Andualem , Leminie Abebaye Aragaw , Wondimu Diresibachew Haile 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Iron-folate supplementation is a common recommended strategy for reducing the incidence of anemia in pregnant women. However, studies on the hemoglobin response to iron folate supplementation and factors associated with the effectiveness of the intervention in developing countries, including Ethiopia, are limited.
Objective
This study aimed to assess the hemoglobin response to iron folate supplementation and associated factors among pregnant women attending public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Methods
A prospective follow-up study was conducted in public hospitals in Addis Ababa between May 1, 2023, and March 30, 2024. A total of 410 participants were selected via systematic random sampling. The data collection methods included participant interviews, medical record reviews, laboratory tests, and anthropometric assessments. Statistical analyses were carried out via SPSS Version 27. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the profile of the study participants. A p value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Logistic regression analysis was performed, and adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to identify significant associations.
Results
A total of 59.7% of pregnant women exhibited an inadequate hemoglobin response to iron-folate supplementation, and 17% remained anemic despite supplementation. Early ANC booking (AOR = 3.9, 95% CI: 2.4–4.2), iron-folate intake for more than two months (AOR = 2.6, 95% CI: 1.6–4.2), adequate dietary diversity (OR = 3.4, 95% CI: 2.1–5.6), and primiparity (OR = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.4–4.2) were significantly associated with an adequate hemoglobin response.
Conclusion
The response of hemoglobin to iron-folate supplementation is low. Promoting early antenatal care, prolonged iron-folate supplementation, and ensuring adequate dietary diversity are crucial to improve the hemoglobin response in pregnant women. Efforts to increase awareness and accessibility to these key factors can help reduce the burden of anemia during pregnancy and improve maternal and fetal health outcomes.