bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monocausalidade e teoria da crise: uma resposta a David Harvey
Authors: Roberts Michael 
Published: May 2019

Michael Roberts oferece uma crítica abrangente a Harvey e argumenta que Marx nunca abandonou a lei da queda tendencial da taxa de lucro como uma explicação relevante para as crises. Ele nunca voltou à teoria simplesmente porque estava satisfeito com ela. Ao invés de desenvolver a teoria, tentou descobrir como usá-la para explicar a natureza cíclica do capitalismo bem como sua natureza transitória. Roberts defende que os pressupostos da lei são realistas e podem ser reduzidos a apenas dois: que a força de trabalho é a única fonte de valor e que a acumulação de capital leva ao aumento da composição orgânica do capital. O autor se opõe à visão de que cada crise tenha uma origem diferente e “conjuntural”. A natureza recorrente das crises capitalistas implica que tenham uma causa comum.ABSTRACTMichael Roberts offers a comprehensive critique of Harvey and argues that Marx never abandoned the TRPF as a relevant explanation of crises. He never went back to the theory in his later years simply because he was satisfied with it. Rather than developing the theory he tried to figure out how to use it to explain the cyclical nature of capitalism as well as its transitory nature. Roberts contends that Marx’s assumptions for the TRPF are realistic and can be reduced to just two: labor power is the only source of value, and capital accumulation leads the organic composition of capital to rise. He argues against the view that each crisis has a different or ‘conjunctural’ origin. The recurrent nature of capitalist crises implies that they must have a common cause. Tradução: Cássio Arruda Boechat (cassio.boechat@ufes.br)
Superacumulação e colapso do capitalismo no Brasil em retrospectiva/Over-accumulation and Capitalism Collapse within Brazil in Review
Authors: Lima Botelho Maurilio 
Published: May 2019

Não podemos buscar as causas da recente crise brasileira em “fatores internos”, dado que a economia “nacional” está integrada à economia mundial desde o seu processo de modernização industrial. Numa avaliação retrospectiva, que vai da crise do chamado “neodesenvolvimentismo” à crise do “milagre econômico”, nosso objetivo principal é apontar para a conexão íntima do Brasil com a economia mundial, indicando que a crise atual é parte do próprio fracasso da modernização econômica brasileira, que por sua vez é integrante da crise estrutural do capitalismo.Palavras-chave: capital global, crise estrutural do capitalismo, capital fictício. ABSTRACTThe causes of the recent Brazilian crisis can not be search in “internal factors”, since the “national” economy has been integrated into the world economy since its modernization process. In a retrospective evaluation, which goes from the crisis of the so-called “neodevelopment” to the crisis of “economic miracle”, our main objective is to emphasize to Brazil’s intimate connection with the world economy, indicating that the current crisis is part of the failure of economic modernization Brazilian, which in turn is part of the structural crisis of capitalism.Keywords: global capital, structural crisis of capitalism, fictitious capital.
Galantamine plasma concentration and cognitive response in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Lin Yi-Ting , Chou Mei-Chuan , Wu Shyh-Jong , Yang Yuan-Han 
Published: May 2019

Background
Galantamine has been approved for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, there are few studies which have reported the association between cognitive responses and galantamine plasma concentration. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between galantamine plasma concentration and the subsequent cognitive response following treatment in AD patients.

Methods
AD sufferers who continuously took 8 mg/d galantamine for at least 6 months without previous exposure to other kinds of AChEI such as donepezil, rivastigmine, or memantine were included in this cohort study. The assessments included the Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE), Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (CDR) and the Cognitive Assessment Screening Instrument (CASI). Each subdomain of the CASI assessment was conducted at baseline and after 6 months of galantamine. The plasma concentrations of galantamine were measured by capillary electrophoresis after 6 months of the treatment. Logistic regression was performed to adjust for age, gender, apolipoprotein E ε4 genotype status, and baseline score to investigate the association between galantamine plasma concentrations and the cognitive response.

Results
The total sample consisted of 33 clinically diagnosed AD patients taking galantamine 8 mg/d for 6 months. There was no linear correlation between galantamine concentration and cognitive response in patients. However, 22 patients were responsive to the treatment in the long-term memory domain. In CASI subset domain, concentration improved during the 6 months follow up.

Conclusions
In the limited samples study, galantamine mostly benefitted the cognitive domain of long-term memory. The benefits were not related to the galantamine plasma concentration. Objective intra-individual evaluation of therapeutic response should be encouraged.
Heavy Metal Burden and Evaluation of Human Health Risks in Tomato Fruits Cultivated in Katsina State, North West Nigeria
Authors: Yaradua A. I. , Alhassan A. J. , Nasir A. , Bala M. , Usman A. , Idi A. , Muhammad I. U. , Yaro S. A. , Muhammad I. 
Published: May 2019

This study was conducted to determine the heavy metals concentration in Tomato fruits cultivated in Katsina State Nigeria. The objectives were mainly to detect the presence of heavy metals in the cultivated Tomato fruits in the study area, compare the concentration of heavy metals in samples in relation to the permissible limits specified by WHO/FAO/USEPA Standards. Samples of cultivated tomato fruits were collected in the year 2017 from the selected areas. Analysis for the concentration of these heavy metals; Cr, Cd, Fe, Ni, Mn, Pb and Zn was conducted by the use of AAS (by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry) method. The health risks to the local inhabitants from the consumption of the samples were evaluated based on the Target Hazard Quotient (THQ). The possibility of cancer risks in the samples through intake of carcinogenic heavy metals was estimated using the Incremental Lifetime Cancer Risk (ILCR). Results from this study has shown that with the exception of the mean values for the heavy metal Pb (1.171–1.21 mg/kg), the mean concentration (mg/kg) range values of Zn (0.558- 1.851), Fe (0.880–1.181), Mn (0.458-0.671) and Cd (0.054-0.062) were below the WHO/FAO maximum permissive limits. The results have indicated that the estimated daily intake (EDI) of the heavy metals were lower than the tolerable daily intake limit set by the USEPA in all the samples. All the studied tomato fruits showed the risk level (HI < 1). Risk level of Target Hazard Quotient (THQ < 1) was observed for all the evaluated heavy metals for both adults and children. The THQ for the samples were in the decreasing order Mn>Zn>Pb>Fe>Cd, for all the tomato fruits respectively. ILCR for Cd violated the threshold risk limit (>10−4) and ILCR for Pb reached the moderate risk limit (>10−3) in all the studied samples in adults, While in children ILCR for both Pb and Cd violated the risk. The sampling area trend of risk for developing cancer as a result of consuming the studied samples showed in decreasing order: Daura senatorial zone > Funtua senatorial zone> Katsina senatorial zone for both adult and children. Cumulative cancer risk (∑ILCR) of all the studied tomato fruits reached the moderate risk limit (>10−3) in adults, while in children it is above the moderate risk limit (>10−2). The study suggests that consumption of the studied tomato fruits in Katsina state is of public health concern as they may contribute to the population cancer burden.
State of Health Facilities in Communities Designated for Community-Based Health Insurance Scheme in Nigeria: A Case Study of Kwara and Ogun States
Authors: Raheem T. Y. , Adewale B. , Adeneye A. K. , Musa A. Z. , Ezeugwu S. M. C. , Yisau J. , Afocha E. , Sulyman M. A. , Adewoyin O. O. , Olayemi M. , Ayeni O. C. , Akinremi A. O. , Runsewe K. , Mafe M. A. , Ujah I. A. O. 
Published: May 2019

Background: Nigerian Government established National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) including Community Based Health Insurance Scheme (CBHIS) to reduce out-of-pocket health expenses of enrollees, strengthen and ensure access to quality healthcare services. The functionality of the schemes however, revolves round health facilities being able to meet the expectation of the enrollees.
Study Objectives: The study assessed the adequacy of the designated health facilities in offering quality healthcare services to the enrollees or potential enrollees under the CBHIS, and to identify likely challenges.
Study Design: This is part of a larger prospective cross-sectional study that assessed the implementation of the Community-Based Health Insurance Scheme (CBHIS) in selected local government areas of Kwara in the north central and Ogun in the South Western part of Nigeria.
Place and Duration of the Study: Health facilities of selected wards from two Local Government Areas in Kwara and Ogun States were assessed between February and May 2015.
Methods: Semi-structured questionnaires and health facility assessment checklist were used to assess services rendered, storage of drugs and the vaccines, manpower, training opportunities, available infrastructures and perceived challenges to smooth operation of health facilities designated for CBHIS.
Results: A total of twenty designated health facilities were visited and assessed (Seventeen public and three private). Services claimed to be available at the facilities included clinical, nursing, pharmaceutical and laboratory services. The assessment showed inadequacy of some critical human resources for health. Seventeen of the 20 health facilities (85%) had evidence of recent renovation while 3 (15%) had no evidence of renovation. Twelve (60%) had backup supply of electricity from generator or solar panel. Other challenges that could impede quality healthcare service delivery under the CBHIS were identified.
Conclusion: The study showed that inadequate personnel, paucity of training opportunities for health workers, poor infrastructures (lack of ambulance services, poor electricity supply and lack of portable water supply) were the main challenges impeding delivery of quality healthcare services to the CBHIS enrollees patronizing the studied facilities.
Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Zobo and Bay Leaf Extracts on Enteropathogenic Bacteria
Authors: Wemedo S. A. , Akani N. P. , Amadiali A. D. 
Published: May 2019

Aim: The antibacterial activity of Bay leaf (Laurus nobilis L.) and Zobo leaf (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) extracts on enteropathogenic bacteria was investigated.
Study Design: The study utilized well in agar diffusion to investigate the antimicrobial properties of the extracts.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Microbiology, Rivers State University and the study was carried out in August, 2018 to October, 2018.
Methodology: Faecal samples were collected from a medical laboratory and inoculated on eosin methylene blue and mannitol salt agar plates for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus using standard microbiological techniques. The bacterial isolates were subjected to biochemical and molecular (PCR) identification so as to ascertain the distinctiveness of the isolates. Hot water and absolute alcohol were used as the extracting solvents. Concentrations of the extracted solvents was tested against E. coli and S. aureus using the well in agar method.
Results: The result showed that both hot aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Bay leaf showed no sensitivity against the tested bacteria, whereas the extracts of hot dry aqueous and alcohol of Zobo leaf showed remarkable zones of inhibition against the tested bacteria. The zones of inhibition in the dry hot aqueous extract of zobo leaf with concentrations of 0.25 µg/mL, 0.125 µg/mL and 0.063 µg/mL were 31.3±0.1, 25.6±1.2 and 10.0±0.0, respectively. The minimal inhibitory concentration of the dry hot aqueous of zobo extract was observed at 0.063 µg/mL for E. coli, while zones of inhibition of 33.3±0.0, 30.1±0.3, 17.2±1.0 and 15.0±0.1 mm were recorded from the dry alcoholic extract of zobo leaf on E. coli given similar concentrations and the MIC was observed at the 0.031 µg/mL concentration. The result also showed that out of the four concentrations of the dry hot aqueous extract, only the 0.25 µg/mL concentration was able to show 14.2±0.0 mm inhibition on S. aureus, while the concentrations of 0.25 µg/ml and 0.125 µg/mL were the only two concentrations of the dry alcohol that showed levels of sensitivity with zone diameters of 29.3±1.0 and 25.2±0.0, respectively.
Conclusion: The plant extracts of zobo leaves which displayed remarkable activity at fairly-low concentrations could be recommended for use against similar bacteria. Thus, investigation and adoption of plant extracts in modern medicine should be encouraged as this may be the break through needed to combat the ever-increasing resistance to commonly used antibiotics.
T‐S fuzzy model–based adaptive repetitive learning consensus control of high‐order multiagent systems with imprecise communication topology structure
Authors: Chen Jiaxi , Li Junmin , Li Jinsha , He Chao 
Published: May 2019

SummaryThis paper addresses the consensus problem for high‐order nonlinear multiagent systems with imprecise communication topology structure (ICTS) and unknown periodic time‐varying parameters. Takagi‐Sugeno fuzzy models are used to portray the ICTS. By using the reparameterization technique, the repetitive learning control protocol is presented to guarantee that all the followers can track the leader asymptotically under the condition that the ICTS is fuzzy union connected. The information of the leader is known to a small portion of following agents; an auxiliary control term is presented for each follower agent to handle leader's dynamics. The consensus performance is analyzed via Lyapunov stability theory. Furthermore, the proposed protocol is further promoted to solve the formation control problem. Finally, the validity of the proposed methods are verified by two simulation examples.
A Cost‐Effective Mixed Matrix Polyethylene Porous Membrane for Long‐Cycle High Power Density Alkaline Zinc‐Based Flow Batteries
Authors: Chang Nana , Yin Yanbin , Yue Meng , Yuan Zhizhang , Zhang Huamin , Lai Qinzhi , Li Xianfeng 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAlkaline zinc‐based flow batteries (ZFBs) have received considerable interest for renewable energy storage due to their attractive features of low cost and high energy density. However, a membrane with high stability, high selectivity, and high ion conductivity is in urgent need. Herein, an economical mixed matrix membrane with highly anti‐alkali microporous hollow spheres (denoted as DM‐HM) is developed in this work. With excellent chemical and mechanical stability, DM‐HM can achieve a high area capacity of 100 mA h cm−2 for carbon felt (CF)||Zn@CF symmetrical flow battery, and thereby exhibits 500 stable cycles with a coulombic efficiency of 98.6% and an energy efficiency of 88.3% at 80 mA cm−2 for alkaline zinc–iron flow battery. Additionally, with 44 wt% of hollow spheres inside matrix, DM‐HM can dramatically shorten the ion transport pathway and results in a very high power density battery. A kilowatt stack assembled with DM‐HM shows a very impressive performance, further confirming the practicability of this scalable mixed matrix membrane for alkaline ZFBs.
Microparticle‐Based Soft Electronic Devices: Toward One‐Particle/One‐Pixel
Authors: Hwang Hyejin , Jeong Unyong 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWhile microparticle (MP) assemblies have long attracted academic interest, few practical applications of assembled MPs have been achieved because of technological difficulties related to MP synthesis, MP position registration, and the absence of device concepts. The precise positioning of functional MPs in a proper stencil can produce flexible/stretchable electronic devices, even when the MPs themselves are rigid. In recent years, remarkable progress has been made in the programmable position registration of MPs, production of functional MPs, and concepts for MP‐based, pixel‐type electronic devices. This progress report reviews the recent technological advances in MP assembly and discusses the technological challenges preventing the realization of the one‐particle/one‐pixel concept.
Mimicking Molecular Chaperones to Regulate Protein Folding
Authors: Ma Fei‐He , Li Chang , Liu Yang , Shi Linqi 
Published: May 2019

AbstractFolding and unfolding are essential ways for a protein to regulate its biological activity. The misfolding of proteins usually reduces or completely compromises their biological functions, which eventually causes a wide range of diseases including neurodegeneration diseases, type II diabetes, and cancers. Therefore, materials that can regulate protein folding and maintain proteostasis are of significant biological and medical importance. In living organisms, molecular chaperones are a family of proteins that maintain proteostasis by interacting with, stabilizing, and repairing various non‐native proteins. In the past few decades, efforts have been made to create artificial systems to mimic the structure and biological functions of nature chaperonins. Herein, recent progress in the design and construction of materials that mimic different kinds of natural molecular chaperones is summarized. The fabrication methods, construction rules, and working mechanisms of these artificial chaperone systems are described. The application of these materials in enhancing the thermal stability of proteins, assisting de novo folding of proteins, and preventing formation of toxic protein aggregates is also highlighted and explored. Finally, the challenges and potential in the field of chaperone‐mimetic materials are discussed.
Direct Imaging of Current‐Induced Transformation of a Perovskite/Electrode Interface
Authors: Drozdov Mikhail N. , Yunin Pavel A. , Travkin Vlad V. , Koptyaev Andrey I. , Pakhomov Georgy L. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractFormamidinium‐lead‐iodide (FAPbI3) perovskite films are subjected to a long‐term action of the constant electrical current in the dark, using planar vacuum‐deposited gold electrodes. The current‐induced transformation is monitored by the time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF‐SIMS) mapping complemented by microscopic, spectroscopic methods, and X‐ray diffraction. The migration of chemical species inside the lateral interelectrode gap is clearly visualized by ToF‐SIMS. Those species correspond to both electrode material and perovskite itself, so that the perovskite/electrode interface becomes disrupted. As a result, the interelectrode gap shrinks, which is reflected in the surface images.
Morphology Phase Diagram of Slot‐Die Printed TiO2Films Based on Sol–Gel Synthesis
Authors: Li Nian , Song Lin , Bießmann Lorenz , Xia Senlin , Ohm Wiebke , Brett Calvin J. , Hadjixenophontos Efi , Schmitz Guido , Roth Stephan V. , Müller‐Buschbaum Peter 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMesoporous titania films with tailored nanostructures are fabricated via slot‐die printing, which is a simple and cost‐effective thin‐film deposition technique with the possibility of a large‐scale manufacturing. Based on this technique, which is favorable in industry, TiO2films possess the similar advantage with polymer semiconducting devices like ease of large‐scale production. The titania morphologies, including foam‐like nanostructures, nanowire aggregates, collapsed vesicles and nanogranules, are achieved via a so‐called block‐copolymer‐assisted sol–gel synthesis. By adjusting the weight fraction of reactants, the ternary morphology phase diagram of the printed titania films is probed after template removal. The surface and inner morphology evolutions are explored with scanning electron microscopy and grazing incidence small‐angle X‐ray scattering, respectively. Special focus is set on foam‐like titania nanostructures as they are of especial interest for, e.g., solar cell applications. At a low weight fraction of the titania precursor titanium(IV)isopropoxide (TTIP), foam‐like titania films are achieved, which exhibit a high uniformity and possess large pore sizes. The anatase phase of the highly crystalline titania films is verified with X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy.
Dehydrative Cross‐Coupling and Related Reactions between Alcohols (C−OH) and P(O)−H Compounds for C−P Bond Formation
Authors: Chen Long , Zou Yun‐Xiang , Liu Xiao‐Yan , Gou Xiao‐Jun 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn recent decades, reactions of inexpensive and abundantly available alcohols (C−OH) with nucleophilic P(O)−H compounds, leading to the construction of C−P bonds, have emerged as one of the most efficient strategies as it is an atom‐economical and environmental benign approach with water as the only by‐product. Various organophosphorus compounds bearing C(sp3)−P, C(aryl)−P and C(alkenyl)−P bonds have been achieved via this direct dehydrative cross‐couplings under Brønsted or Lewis acid catalysis. This review article aims to summarize the recent advances in such dehydrative and related C−P bond forming strategies, to briefly discuss the reaction mechanisms and challenges, and to outline synthetic opportunities that are still open.magnified image
Systematic Study of the Effects of System Geometry and Ambient Conditions on Solar Steam Generation for Evaporation Optimization
Authors: Zhang Yaoxin , Ravi Sai Kishore , Tan Swee Ching 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSolar steam generation as an emerging solar desalination technology has drawn tremendous research attention owing to its enticing prospects in tackling the rising water crisis across the globe. Despite the numerous reports on materials with high evaporation rates, little is known about how the system geometry and ambient conditions impact the evaporation rate. The ambient relative humidity (RH), which can potentially impact on the evaporation process in the system is one such element that is not well studied. In this work, microchanneled balsa wood is employed as the research model in the quantitative investigations of these effects from the system itself and ambience. Direct implications and the interaction of various factors like ambient RH, hydrophilicity and specific weight of the material, carbonization thickness, and the water salinity are outlined. The trade‐off between surface water content and the interfacial temperature is revealed, and interestingly, a local “low‐humidity” zone is observed over the system's evaporation surface, which can sustain the evaporation even at extremely high RH. By tuning the system/ambience interactions, a systematic approach toward realizing the full potential of steam generators with optimized evaporation rate (10–20% enhancement) is therefore deemed achievable.