bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HPV RNA in‐situ hybridization as a diagnostic aid in papillary laryngeal lesions
Authors: Garcia Jordan A. , Best Simon R. , Rooper Lisa M. 
Published: July 2019

ObjectivesIn the larynx, differentiating squamous papillomas from de‐novo papillary squamous dysplasias or squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) has significant consequences for management. Overlapping clinical presentations and cytologic changes across the spectrum of papillary lesions presents diagnostic challenges for otolaryngologists and pathologists. In this study, we evaluate whether ribonucleic acid (RNA) in‐situ hybridization (ISH) for low‐risk and high‐risk human papillomavirus (HPV) can help distinguish these lesions.MethodsWe constructed tissue microarrays from 97 papillary laryngeal lesions, including 61 squamous papillomas, two papillomas with dysplasia, two SCCs‐ex papilloma, 14 papillary squamous dysplasias, and 18 papillary SCCs identified at the Johns Hopkins Hospital between 2000 and 2017. We performed RNA ISH using probes for low‐risk and high‐risk HPV types.ResultsLow‐risk HPV RNA was identified in 55 benign papillomas (90%), two papillomas with dysplasia (100%), and two SCCs‐ex papilloma (100%) but was absent in de‐novo papillary dysplasias and SCCs (0%). High‐risk HPV RNA ISH was positive only in four papillary SCC (22%). Overall, low‐risk HPV RNA ISH was 90% sensitive and 89% specific for benign papillomas with a positive predictive value of 93% and negative predictive value of 84%. In contrast, high‐risk HPV was 20% sensitive for SCC.ConclusionLow‐risk HPV RNA ISH is a useful diagnostic adjunct for distinguishing laryngeal squamous papillomas from papillary squamous dysplasia and SCC. However, it is not entirely specific for benign processes as it is also retained in papillomas with dysplasia and SCCs‐ex papilloma. Because high‐risk HPV is rare in papillary laryngeal lesions, high‐risk HPV RNA ISH has limited utility.Level of EvidenceLevel 4Laryngoscope, 130:955–960, 2020
Effect of air supply speed on point contact sliding wear characteristics under oil‐air lubrication conditions
Authors: Liu Cong , Tong Bao‐hong , Zhang Guo‐tao , Xu Pei‐min , Wang Wei , Liu Kun 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAn oil‐air lubrication system is driven by high‐speed air. Oil is transported to the contact portion in the form of fine oil droplets to form a lubrication film, thereby improving lubrication performance among matching pairs. A test for point contact sliding friction and wear was conducted under oil‐air lubrication conditions. Oil‐phase and pressure distributions near the contact zone were investigated through numerical simulation. This study aims to explore the effect of air velocity on sliding wear characteristics of a point contact. Results show that point contact sliding wear is considerably affected by air supply speed. The lubrication performance between friction pairs is optimal under appropriate air supply speed, which can enable the oil‐air pressure and oil‐phase volume fraction near the point contact area to obtain appropriate values that are useful to the spread of fine oil droplets. This process ensures that the sliding friction coefficient and specific wear rate can be reduced. The friction coefficient decreases to approximately 0.027, and the specific wear rate is 1.06 × 10−5 mm3/N·m. Under oil‐air lubrication, microfurrows appear on the worn surfaces of materials with the change in air supply speed. The shape of debris is mainly a flake or block with a few long strip abrasives. The wear mechanism is abrasive.
Handgrip Strength Adds More Prognostic Value to the Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease Score Than Imaging‐Based Measures of Muscle Mass in Men With Cirrhosis
Authors: Sinclair Marie , Chapman Brooke , Hoermann Rudolf , Angus Peter W. , Testro Adam , Scodellaro Thomas , Gow Paul J. 
Published: July 2019

Sarcopenia is associated with mortality in cirrhosis, but there is no gold standard for its diagnosis. The comparative utility of different diagnostic methods is unknown. This single‐center observational cohort study followed 145 men referred for liver transplant evaluation between 2005 and 2012. Muscle mass was estimated by handgrip strength, dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DEXA) lean mass, and single‐slice computed tomography (CT) scan at the fourth lumbar vertebra. Recorded outcomes included time to death or liver transplantation. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) age was 54 years (47‐59 years), and Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score was 17 (14‐23). Of 145 men, 56 died with a median (IQR) time to death of 7.44 months (3.48‐14.16 months). In total, 79 men underwent transplantation with median (IQR) time to transplant of 7.20 months (3.96‐12.84 months). The prevalence of sarcopenia differed between diagnostic modalities with 70.3% using CT muscle mass, 45.9% using handgrip strength, and 38.7% using DEXA. Muscle mass was inversely associated with wait‐list mortality for measured CT muscle mass (hazard ratio [HR], 0.94; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.90‐0.98; P = 0.002), DEXA muscle mass (HR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.99‐0.99; P = 0.003), and handgrip strength (HR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.91‐0.98; P = 0.002). These results retained significance independent of the MELD score. In predicting mortality, the MELD–handgrip strength bivariate Cox model was superior to a MELD‐CT muscle Cox model (P < 0.001). In conclusion, handgrip strength combined with MELD score was the superior predictive model in this novel study examining 3 commonly employed techniques to diagnose sarcopenia in cirrhosis. Handgrip strength has additional potential clinical benefits because it can be performed serially without the radiation dose, cost, and access issues attributable to CT and DEXA.
Modelling ground‐penetrating radar wave propagation using graphics processor unit parallel implementation of the symplectic Euler method
Authors: Fang Hongyuan , Lei Jianwei , Zhang Juan , An Jie , Wang Fuming 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTInversion of ground‐penetrating radar signals requires accurate and efficient forward modelling. The symplectic Euler method promises good results when simulating ground‐penetrating radar wave propagation in substructures, but its computational efficiency is limited by the same Courant–Friedrichs–Lewy stability condition as the finite‐difference time‐domain method. A two‐dimensional graphics processor unit–accelerated parallel symplectic Euler algorithm is used to simulate ground‐penetrating radar wave propagation. We compared the reflection waveforms as well as the simulation time of the complex underground structure models simulated by the parallel symplectic Euler method with traditional finite‐difference time‐domain method. Results show that the parallel symplectic Euler algorithm achieves the same level of accuracy as the standard finite‐difference time‐domain method. Moreover, it significantly improves the computational efficiency, as the calculation speed is improved by more than 21 times. We verify the performance of the proposed algorithm through a map of the single‐track radar data for a three‐layered pavement model and a simulation wiggle map for a structural damage pavement model. This provides a theoretical basis for accurately interpreting ground‐penetrating radar detection data and efficient forward modelling for the next step of inversion imaging.
Acceptance and commitment therapy as an adjunct to the MOVE! programme: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Afari N. , Herbert M. S. , Godfrey K. M. , Cuneo J. G. , Salamat J. S. , Mostoufi S. , Gasperi M. , Ober K. , Backhaus A. , Rutledge T. , Wetherell J. L. 
Published: July 2019

SummaryObjectiveThe current study tested the efficacy of an acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) group intervention for disinhibited eating behaviour as an adjunct to the Veterans Affairs MOVE!© weight management programme.MethodsVeterans (N = 88) with overweight or obesity who completed the MOVE! weight management programme and self‐identified as having problems with ‘stress‐related eating’ were randomized to four 2‐h weekly ACT sessions or a continued behavioural weight‐loss (BWL) intervention. Assessments were completed at baseline, post‐treatment and 3‐ and 6‐month follow‐up on outcomes of interest including measures of disinhibited eating patterns, obesity‐related quality of life, weight‐related experiential avoidance and weight.ResultsThe BWL group exhibited significantly greater reductions in binge eating behaviour at post‐treatment compared with the ACT group. Significant improvements in other outcomes were found with minimal differences between groups. In both groups, decreases in weight‐related experiential avoidance were related to improvements in binge eating behaviour.ConclusionsTaken together, the continued BWL intervention resulted in larger improvements in binge eating behaviour than the ACT intervention. The two groups showed similar improvements in other disinhibited eating outcomes. Future studies are encouraged to determine if more integrated or longer duration of ACT treatment may maximize eating outcomes in MOVE.Trial Registration Number: This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov database (NCT01757847).
Halogen bonding as a key interaction in the self‐assembly of iodinated diphenylalanine peptides
Authors: Pizzi Andrea , Catalano Luca , Demitri Nicola , Dichiarante Valentina , Terraneo Giancarlo , Metrangolo Pierangelo 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe diphenylalanine peptide FF (H2N‐Phe‐Phe‐COOH) is a simple building‐block that has been extensively studied for multiple purposes. Among the many possible mutations finalized to tailor specific functions and properties of FF‐based materials, halogenation was marginally considered despite the huge changes it confers to molecular self‐assembly. Here, we report a detailed study on the role of halogenation, specifically iodination, in the aggregation behavior of iodine‐modified FF dipeptides. Single‐crystal X‐ray structures of mono‐iodinated—F(I)F—and bis‐iodinated—F(I)F(I)—diphenylalanine reveal that halogen atoms exert a key role in the packing features of these compounds. Specifically, halogen bonding provides additional stability to the dry interfaces formed by the aromatic rings, providing a contribution in the solid‐state packing of these dipeptides. The structural evidence of halogen bonding as crucial noncovalent interaction confirms the great potential of halogenation as supramolecular tool for peptide‐based systems.
Microenvironmental Regulation of Long Noncoding RNA LINC01133 Promotes Cancer Stem Cell-Like Phenotypic Traits in Triple-Negative Breast Cancers
Authors: Tu Zhenbo , Schmöllerl Johannes , Cuiffo Benjamin G. , Karnoub Antoine E. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The fibrotic tumor microenvironment is a critical player in the pathogenesis of triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs), with the presence of fibroblastic infiltrates particularly correlating with tumors that are clinically advanced. On this front, we previously demonstrated that TNBCs are highly enriched in fibroblastic stromal progenitor cells called mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) and that such cells play critical roles in promoting TNBC initiation and progression. How TNBC cells respond to MSC stimulation, however, is not fully understood, and stands to reveal contextual signals used by TNBC cells during tumor development and provide biomarkers and therapeutic targets of pertinence to TNBC management. Here, we report that MSCs strongly induced the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) LINC01133 in neighboring TNBC cells. Indeed, although lncRNAs have been tightly associated with cancer development, their contributions to breast cancer in general, and to TNBC pathogenesis in particular, have not been fully elucidated, and we set out to determine if LINC01133 regulated malignant traits in TNBC cells. We establish that LINC01133 is sufficient, on its own, in promoting phenotypic and growth characteristics of cancer stem cell-like cells, and that it is a direct mediator of the MSC-triggered miR-199a-FOXP2 pathway in TNBC models. Furthermore, we show that LINC01133 is a critical regulator of the pluripotency-determining gene Kruppel-Like Factor 4 (KLF4), and that it represents a biomarker and prognosticator of disease outcome in the clinic. Collectively, our findings introduce LINC01133 as a novel functional driver of malignancy and a potential theranostic in TNBC. Stem Cells 2019;37:1281–1292
Hierarchical Metal–Organic Frameworks with Macroporosity: Synthesis, Achievements, and Challenges
Authors: Doan Huan V. , Amer Hamzah Harina , Karikkethu Prabhakaran Prasanth , Petrillo Chiara , Ting Valeska P. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Introduction of multiple pore size regimes into metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) to form hierarchical porous structures can lead to improved performance of the material in various applications. In many cases, where interactions with bulky molecules are involved, enlarging the pore size of typically microporous MOF adsorbents or MOF catalysts is crucial for enhancing both mass transfer and molecular accessibility. In this review, we examine the range of synthetic strategies which have been reported thus far to prepare hierarchical MOFs or MOF composites with added macroporosity. These fabrication techniques can be either pre- or post-synthetic and include using hard or soft structural template agents, defect formation, routes involving supercritical CO2, and 3D printing. We also discuss potential applications and some of the challenges involved with current techniques, which must be addressed if any of these approaches are to be taken forward for industrial applications.
Multicuspid tooth morphology in a gigantic Palaeocene pycnodont fish: evolutionary and palaeoecological significance
Authors: Vullo Romain , Bardet Nathalie , Gheerbrant Emmanuel , Jalil Nour-Eddine 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA pycnodont premaxilla bearing a large incisiform tooth with an unusual crown morphology is described from the Palaeocene (Thanetian) phosphate deposits of Morocco. This peculiar tooth shows a broad, fan-shaped multicuspid crown with nine cusps, well adapted for benthic macroalgal scraping. This morph, assigned to a new species ofPycnodus(P. multicuspidatussp. nov.), emphasizes the phenotypic plasticity of the group and documents an additional trophic specialization among Palaeogene pycnodontiform fishes. In the post-K/Pg boundary marine ecosystem of the Ouled Abdoun Basin,P. multicuspidatussp. nov. may have opportunistically replaced Maastrichtian fish taxa with a similar front dentition and feeding behaviour, such as the putative specialized pycnodontiformsStephanodusandHadrodus.
KINSHIP, PROPERTY RELATIONS, AND THE SURVIVAL OF DOUBLE MONASTERIES IN THE EASTERN CHURCH
Authors: SHARIPOVA LIUDMYLA 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe article examines the enduring phenomenon of double monasticism, the type of religious organization whereby a single monastic unit combined a male and a female community that followed the same rule, recognized the authority of the same superior, and functioned within the boundaries of the same monastic compound or in close proximity to each other, but not in shared quarters. After centuries of evolution since late antiquity, double monasteries effectively ceased to exist in the Latin West by the high middle ages, but demonstrated remarkable staying powers in the sphere of historic Byzantine cultural influences, particularly in Orthodox Eastern Europe and Christian Middle East, where this archaic type of monastic institution survived into the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Based on previously unexplored archival material from the Orthodox lands of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and later the Ukrainian Hetmanate, a semi-autonomous state ruled by elective officers who recognized the tsar of Muscovy as their suzerain, the article analyses the place of kinship structures, economic and political factors, legal frameworks, and the role of the imperial state in the evolution and ultimate decline of the double monastery.
Learner interactions in face-to-face collaborative writing with the support of online resources
Authors: Hsieh Yi Chin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis study explores interactions among language learners with the support of online resources in a collaborative writing task and how online resources assisted collaborating learners in the meaning-making process. The study was conducted in the freshman English course at a national university in Taiwan. Fifty-six students constructed an essay in pairs firstly without the support of online resources, and subsequently constructed another essay with the support of online resources. Each pair’s interactional patterns and dynamics of peer scaffolding across the two settings were examined. The findings show that the availability of online resources fosters a variety of interaction characteristics among learners with varied collaboration orientation. Results also suggest that learners’ collaboration predisposition at the onset plays a critical role in influencing the way they used online resources to support their interaction. This study thus suggests that learners’ collaborative patterns and their use of online resources have mutual impact, which may inform teachers seeking to integrate online resources to enhance their students’ collaborative learning.
Positive association of the oriented percolation cluster in randomly oriented graphs
Authors: Bienvenu François 
Published: July 2019

AbstractConsider any fixed graph whose edges have been randomly and independently oriented, and write {S⇝} to indicate that there is an oriented path going from a vertexs∊Sto vertexi. Narayanan (2016) proved that for any set S and any two verticesiandj, {S⇝i} and {S⇝j} are positively correlated. His proof relies on the Ahlswede–Daykin inequality, a rather advanced tool of probabilistic combinatorics.In this short note I give an elementary proof of the following, stronger result: writingVfor the vertex set of the graph, for any source setS, the events {S⇝i},i∊V, are positively associated, meaning that the expectation of the product of increasing functionals of the family {S⇝i} fori∊Vis greater than the product of their expectations.
The making of a Pastorian empire: tuberculosis and bacteriological technopolitics in French colonialism and international science, 1890–1940
Authors: Velmet Aro 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn the early twentieth century, scientists at the Pasteur Institute and its colonial affiliates developed a historically specific form of bacteriological technoscience, which abstracted the human–microbe relationship from its environmental and social context, and created a model for public health governance that operated at the scale of the empire, rather than at the level of individual colonies or regions. Using a case study of tuberculosis management, this article argues that the success of the Pastorian model relied on its technopolitical vision of a universal model of managing human–microbe relations, while, in reality, exploiting precisely those fissures created by the uneven political and scientific landscape of the colonial and scientific world in which it operated. Pastorian bacteriology helped imperial administrators to imagine a globe-spanning, standardized empire, while restricting public health governance to technological innovations, rather than a proposal for social hygiene that would have expanded labour and associational rights for subject populations.
Imperial cooperative experiments and global market capitalism,c.1900–c.1960
Authors: Kamenov Nikolay 
Published: July 2019

AbstractConcentrating on the connection between the cooperative movements in colonial India and Ghana, the article has two aims. First, it counters the diffusionist story portraying the cooperative institution as indigenous to Europe, from where it was exported to the rest of the world. Second, it draws attention to the contribution and overall importance of cooperatives in the global market economy. Pursuing these two aims, and following a review of the existing literature, the article discusses the development of the cooperative movement in British India between 1900 and 1950. It then turns to the global establishment of the Indian experience as a role model for other colonial regions, notably West Africa. The article then considers the practical implementation of cooperatives in the Gold Coast and Ashanti (both now in Ghana) around 1930, and their development until 1955. Finally, based on the two main cases, as well as on the Cooperative Wholesale Society in Britain, it explores the economic function of cooperatives beyond national particularities, and tentatively analyses the relation of the institution to the broader forces of capitalism.
A functional genetic screen defines the AKT-induced senescence signaling network
Authors: Chan Keefe T. , Blake Shaun , Zhu Haoran , Kang Jian , Trigos Anna S. , Madhamshettiwar Piyush B. , Diesch Jeannine , Paavolainen Lassi , Horvath Peter , Hannan Ross D. , George Amee J. , Sanij Elaine , Hannan Katherine M. , Simpson Kaylene J. , Pearson Richard B. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractExquisite regulation of PI3K/AKT/mTORC1 signaling is essential for homeostatic control of cell growth, proliferation, and survival. Aberrant activation of this signaling network is an early driver of many sporadic human cancers. Paradoxically, sustained hyperactivation of the PI3K/AKT/mTORC1 pathway in nontransformed cells results in cellular senescence, which is a tumor-suppressive mechanism that must be overcome to promote malignant transformation. While oncogene-induced senescence (OIS) driven by excessive RAS/ERK signaling has been well studied, little is known about the mechanisms underpinning the AKT-induced senescence (AIS) response. Here, we utilize a combination of transcriptome and metabolic profiling to identify key signatures required to maintain AIS. We also employ a whole protein-coding genome RNAi screen for AIS escape, validating a subset of novel mediators and demonstrating their preferential specificity for AIS as compared with OIS. As proof of concept of the potential to exploit the AIS network, we show that neurofibromin 1 (NF1) is upregulated during AIS and its ability to suppress RAS/ERK signaling facilitates AIS maintenance. Furthermore, depletion of NF1 enhances transformation of p53-mutant epithelial cells expressing activated AKT, while its overexpression blocks transformation by inducing a senescent-like phenotype. Together, our findings reveal novel mechanistic insights into the control of AIS and identify putative senescence regulators that can potentially be targeted, with implications for new therapeutic options to treat PI3K/AKT/mTORC1-driven cancers.