bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cooperative behavior between companies and contract farmers in Chinese agricultural supply chains
Authors: Fu Shaoling , Li Zhiwei , Wang Bill , Han Zhaojun , Huo Baofeng 
Published: July 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the relationships between relationship commitment, cooperative behavior and alliance performance in agricultural supply chains. By investigating dyadic relationships between companies and their contract farmers (hereafter denoted by C+F), this study aims to investigate how relationship commitment influences cooperative behavior and how such behavior further influences alliance performance in C+F agricultural supply chains in China.Design/methodology/approachBased on data collected from 202 companies and 462 farmers in China, this study uses the structural equation modeling approach to test the conceptual model and related hypotheses.FindingsFor both companies and contract farmers, normative relationship commitment is a necessity for economically and socially cooperative behavior (i.e. specific investment and communication, respectively), while instrumental relationship commitment has no relationship with specific investment. Only socially cooperative behavior (communication) can improve alliance performance, while economically cooperative behavior (specific investment) has no relationship with alliance performance. For companies, instrumental relationship commitment reduces communication, but specific investment increases communication. For farmers, both instrumental relationship commitment and specific investment have no relationship with communication.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature on supply chain management by adopting a bilateral perspective and examining relationships among relationship commitment, cooperative behavior and alliance performance in the C+F context. It provides agricultural companies and contract farmers with valuable guidance to use relationship commitment and cooperative behavior to improve alliance performance in agricultural supply chains in China.
Identification of highly pathogenic Beauveria bassiana strain against Pieris rapae larvae
Authors: Ding Jun‐nan , Lai Yong‐cai 
Published: July 2018

AbstractSeven different strains of Beauveria bassiana were used in a bioassay on Pieris rapae larvae. The results showed that an B. bassiana strain showed relatively high pathogenicity towards P. rapae larvae. The adjusted mortality rate was 92.86 %, and the infection rate was 85.71 % in 10 days post inoculation. Molecular identification was performed to identify the unknown strain. Internal Transcribed Spacer sequence analysis showed that the polymerase chain reaction amplicon length of the unknown strain of Beauveria sp. was 573 bp, and sequence similarity to the known B. bassiana sequences in the NCBI database was 99 %. The B. bassiana strain was named Bb01. The changes of proteins and PPO of P. rapae larvae infected by B. bassiana Bb01 strain at different times was determined. The activity of PPO increased in 1–6 d and decreased in 7 d again after inoculation. The B. bassiana invaded into the insect body affected the balance of the proteins and PPO.
Construction of a cDNA library of Aphis gossypii Glover for use in RNAi
Authors: Kwon HyeRi , Kim JungGyu , Lim HyounSub , Yu YongMan , Youn YoungNam 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAphis gossypii Glover is an important insect pest that functions as a viral vector and mediates approximately 45 different viral diseases. As part of a strategy for control of A. gossypii, we investigated the functions of genes using RNAi. To this end, a cDNA library was constructed for various genes and for selecting appropriate targets for RNAi mediated silencing. The cDNA library was constructed using the Gateway cloning system with site‐specific recombination of bacteriophage λ. It was used to carry out single step cloning of A. gossypii cDNAs. As a result, a cDNA library with a titer of 8.4 × 106 was constructed. Since the sequences in this library carry att sites, they can be cloned into various binary vectors. This library will be of value for various studies. For later screening of selected genes, it is planned to clone the library into virus‐induced gene silencing (VIGS) vectors, which makes it possible to analyze gene function and allow subsequent transfection of plants. Such transfection experiments will allow testing of RNAi‐induced insecticidal activity or repellent activity to A. gossypii, and result in the identification of target genes. It is also expected that the constructed cDNA library will be useful for analysis of gene functions in A. gossypii.
Comparison of chlorpyrifos resistance in Culex pipiens pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) collected from Northern and Southern Tunisia
Authors: Daaboub Jabeur , Tabbabi Ahmed , Ben Cheikh Raja , Laamari Ali , Feriani Mohamed , Boubaker Chokri , Ben Jha Ibtissem , Ben Cheikh Hassen 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn this study, we investigated resistance to the organophosphates chlorpyrifos in Tunisian populations of Culex pipiens pipiens. Three field populations were collected from Northern and central Tunisia between 2003 and 2005 and used for the bioassays tests. Our results registered moderate and high levels of resistance to chlorpyrifos which ranged from 33.8 to 111. The chlorpyrifos resistant populations were highly resistant to propoxur indicated an insensitive acetylcholinesterase 1 (AChE 1). The highest frequency of AChE 1 resistant phenotypes (64%) was recorded in the most resistant population (sample # 1). Bioassays conducted in the presence of synergists showed that not esterases were involved as the resistance mechanism to chlorpyrifos. However, CYP450 was partly involved in the resistance of the most resistant sample (# 1). Starch electrophoresis showed that three esterases were present in studied samples: A2‐B2, A4‐B4 and B12. Results are discussed in relation to the selection pressure caused by insecticide treatments.
Functional Properties of Select Dry Bean Seeds and Flours
Authors: Gupta Sahil , Chhabra Guneet S. , Liu Changqi , Bakshi Jasamrit S. , Sathe Shridhar K. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractSelect functional properties of 21 dry beans and soybean seeds and their corresponding flours were evaluated. Among the tested seeds, dark‐red and light‐red kidney beans had larger length (L)/breadth (B) ratios than the rest. Lentil seeds were the smallest (L/B = 0.98), thinnest (2.23 mm), and lightest (density 1.14 g/cm3) among the tested seeds. Garbanzo seeds were the thickest (thickness 7.05 mm). Highest bulk density (g/cm3), porosity (%), specific volume (cm3/g), and bulk volume (cm3/g) were registered, respectively, by moth bean (0.86 g/cm3), pink bean (66.53%), lentil (0.88 cm3/g), and soybean (1.46 cm3/g) seeds. Water uptake during soaking peaked in ≤12 hr by all bean seeds. Soybean and black bean flours, respectively, exhibited the highest water‐holding (3.14 g/g) and oil‐holding (2.15 g/g) capacities. Great Northern bean flour exhibited higher foaming volume (30.8% increase) than all the other tested seed flours. Stability of all bean flour foams were ≤36 hr. Black gram flour formed a gel at the lowest concentration (4% w/v) among all the tested seed flours. Garbanzo, soybean, tepary, and val bean flours failed to form a gel at ≤ 20% (w/v). The results indicate that the tested dry bean flours have great potential as functional ingredients for food formulations.Practical ApplicationUnderstanding the functional properties of the dry bean seeds and flours is important for designing handling, transportation, storage, and processing methods for these beans and in guiding the selection of appropriate dry bean flours as food ingredients.
Natural Acidification with Low‐pH Fruits and Incorporation of Essential Oil Constituents for Organic Preservation of Unpasteurized Juices
Authors: Yen Philip Pui‐Li , Kitts David D. , Pratap Singh Anubhav 
Published: July 2018

AbstractEssential oil constituents (EOCs) derived from antimicrobial plant extracts can be used for organic preservation of food products. However, the characteristic flavor resulting from EOCs limit the concentration that can be used in high‐pH beverages. This work provides an innovative approach of organically preserving a high‐pH beverage (watermelon juice) with a natural blend of low‐pH fruits (apples and lemons) and EOCs simultaneously. This low‐pH fruit blend not only lowers the pH of the food to below critical pH (4.6), but also reduces the potential off‐flavors of EOCs, offering a good preservation approach. This was verified using a sensory trial (n = 50) coupled with storage studies and evaluation of various quality parameters using an extreme vertices mixture design with varying proportions of the fruit‐base (watermelon juice), the acidulant (apple‐lemon juice blend), and the antimicrobial agent (EOC blend). EOC and acidulant containing juices received better sensory scores than those without acidulant, but lower than when EOCs were absent. Microbial load of juices with EOCs after 14 days of storage did not deviate from day 0, while those without EOCs increased 3‐fold on a logarithmic scale. Juices containing EOCs also had higher total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity. However, presence of EOCs did not impact pH, total soluble solids, titratable acidity or color, while acidification had significant effects on pH and titratable acidity. Optimum composition of juice formulations were prescribed according to a multi‐parameter optimization algorithm. We concluded that the process of natural acidification (with apple‐lemon juice blend) coupled with antimicrobial plant extracts is successful in extending the shelf‐life of fruit juices with minimal effects on quality/sensory parameters.Practical ApplicationThis research proposes using a unique method for organic preservation of juices using very small amounts of essential oil constituents and acidification. Off‐flavors that may arise can be mitigated without the use of chemical additives, but rather with a blend of tart fruit juices, such as apple and lemon juices. The EOCs and the acidulant act synergistically as a hurdle to inhibit microbial growth, so that thermal processing does not need to be employed.
Rapid Prediction of Low (<1%) trans Fat Content in Edible Oils and Fast Food Lipid Extracts by Infrared Spectroscopy and Partial Least Squares Regression
Authors: Karunathilaka Sanjeewa R. , Farris Samantha , Mossoba Magdi M. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ruled that partially hydrogenated oils (PHO), the major dietary source of industrially produced trans fat (TF), were no longer “generally recognized as safe (GRAS)” for any use in human food. Consequently, the objective of this study was to develop a rapid screening procedure using attenuated total reflection Fourier‐transform infrared (ATR‐FTIR) spectroscopy in conjunction with partial least squares regression (PLSR) for the quantitative and accurate prediction of low concentrations of trans fatty acid (TFAs) (<1% of total fatty acids (FAs)). Broad‐based calibration models were developed for a combined set of samples consisting of edible oils and fast food lipid extracts. Predicted concentrations of TFAs in the two matrices showed good correlation with the primary reference data generated by gas chromatography (GC) (R2 > 0.99) and high accuracy as evidenced by low root‐mean‐square error of cross‐validation (RMSECV) values. The lowest TFA concentration, determined by GC to be 0.13% of total FAs, was accurately predicted by ATR‐FTIR/PLSR as 0.18% of total FAs. This simple, rapid ATR‐FTIR/PLSR methodology has the potential for use as a screening alternative to conventional gas chromatographic methods for predicting the TFA content of edible oils and food lipid extracts for regulatory purposes and quality control of raw material and processed food.Practical ApplicationsFDA ruled that partially hydrogenated oils were no longer “generally recognized as safe (GRAS)” for any use in human food. Consequently, we have proposed a rapid screening procedure, based on infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics, to rapidly and accurately predict low concentrations of trans fatty acids (<1% of total fatty acids) in edible oils and food lipid extracts.
Building a Total Bioartificial Heart: Harnessing Nature to Overcome the Current Hurdles
Authors: Taylor Doris A. , Frazier O. Howard , Elgalad Abdelmotagaly , Hochman‐Mendez Camila , Sampaio Luiz C. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractEngineering a bioartificial heart has become a possibility in part because of the regenerative medicine approaches to repairing or replacing damaged organs that have evolved over the past two decades. With the advent of inducible pluripotent stem cell technology, it is now possible to generate personalized cells that make the concept of autologous tissue engineering imaginable. Scaffolds that provide form, function, and biological cues to cells likewise potentially enable the engineering of biocompatible vascularized solid organs. Decellularized organs or tissue matrices retain organ complexity and structure at the macro and micro scales, contain biologically active molecules that support cell phenotype and function, and are vascularized allowing full thickness tissue generation. There is also dynamic reciprocity between the extracellular matrix and cells, which does not occur with synthetic scaffolds and allows both to evolve as functional need changes, making it a unique scaffold. Yet, building a whole heart from decellularized scaffolds and cells requires delivering hundreds of billions of multiple types of cardiac cells appropriately and providing a milieu where they can survive and mature. We propose a novel type of in vivo organ engineering utilizing pre‐clinical models where decellularized hearts are heterotopically transplanted with the intent to harness the capability of the body to at least in part repopulate the scaffold. By adding load and electrical input, possibly via temporary mechanical assistance, we posit that vascular and parenchymal cell maturation can occur. In this study, we implanted porcine decellularized hearts acutely and chronically in living recipients in a heterotopic position. We demonstrated that the surgical procedure is critical to prevent coagulation and to increase graft patency. We also demonstrated that short‐term implantation promotes endothelial cell adhesion to the vessel lumens and that long‐term implantation also promotes tissue formation with evidence of cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells present within the graft. Utilizing endogenous repair capabilities of the recipient in response to a naked ECM, we allowed the transplanted scaffold to direct host cells—both organizationally and functionally. Thus, the scaffold provided necessary cues for cell organization and remodeling within the transplanted organ. Future work would involve culturing partially recellularized engineered organs in bioreactors where mechanical and electrical stimulation can be controlled to promote organ development and then transplanting these after a minimal level of maturation has been achieved.
Editorial: Tong‐Xie‐Yao‐Fang (TXYF) for irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea (IBS‐D)—ancient medicine meets modern study. Authors’ reply
Authors: Chen M. , Zheng H. , Huang D.‐Q. 
Published: July 2018

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Chen et al and Vitta and Sayuk papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14817 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14902.
Accounting and Finance Graduate Employment Outcomes: Underemployment, Self‐employment and Managing Diversity
Authors: Jackson Denise 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe employment landscape for new graduates is increasingly challenging due to rapid changes in automation and globalisation, coupled with softening labour markets arising from economic uncertainty. For accounting and finance, there is the added complexity of a shift away from traditional core responsibilities and evidence of marginalisation among certain groups within the professions. The study used national data (N = 40 141) to examine the employment outcomes of accounting and finance graduates in Australia. Findings indicate weak full‐time, short‐term employment outcomes among graduates with little variation in recent years. High levels of casual working were evidenced and the proportion of self‐employed was relatively low in comparison with the broader workforce and was dominated by male and older graduates. Of those working, 45% were not in graduate‐level employment. There were variations in patterns of employment and underemployment by individual characteristics. The study informs stakeholders of prevalent employment trends and determinants of postgraduation outcomes in accounting and finance graduates, in addition to insights into how these professions are progressing in managing diversity. Implications for stakeholders in relation to improving graduate employment outcomes, as well managing diversity, are discussed.
The relationships between social participatory roles and cognitive engagement levels in online discussions
Authors: Ouyang Fan , Chang Yu‐Hui 
Published: July 2018

AbstractUnderstanding the relationship between social interaction patterns and cognitive engagement levels has critical implications on collaborative learning theory, pedagogy, and technology. This study used a multi‐method approach to examine the relationship between students' social participatory roles and cognitive engagement levels within asynchronous online discussions. Results showed that students' social participatory role was a critical indicator of cognitive engagement level. Socially active students made more cognitive contributions to knowledge inquiry and knowledge construction. But there were exceptions: after taking leadership roles (i.e., discussion designers and facilitators), some students moved from peripheral participation to active participation. Second, there was a progressive development process: individual students' deep‐level knowledge inquiry could trigger peer interaction, which could further advance group knowledge construction. Third, students had a tendency to keeping social‐cognitive engagement patterns throughout discussions. Based on the result, this study proposed implications for collaborative learning theory, pedagogy support, and tool development.
Feeling for and as a group member: Understanding LGBT victimization via group‐based empathy and intergroup emotions
Authors: Paterson Jenny L. , Brown Rupert , Walters Mark A. 
Published: July 2018

In two experimental studies (N = 120; N = 102), we apply intergroup emotions theory (IET) to examine the effects of hate crime on other community members. With participants from an oft‐targeted group – Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Trans people, we are the first to show empirically that hate crimes elicit more pronounced emotional and behavioural responses in other members of the victims’ community than comparable non‐hate crimes. The findings also reveal the psychological processes behind these effects. Consistent with IET, hate crimes were seen to pose more of a group‐based threat and so led to heightened emotional reactions (anger and anxiety) and, subsequently, to behavioural intentions (avoidance and pro‐action). Importantly, we also show that hate crime victims, due to increased perceptions of similarity, received more empathy than non‐hate crime victims. Such empathy, although neglected in previous research, was shown to be a potential mediator in understanding the indirect effects of hate crime. Results are discussed in terms of their contribution to psychological theory and their potential to support the argument for the utility and appropriateness of hate crime legislation.
Recent developments in research of melatonin and its potential therapeutic applications
Authors: Stanford S C 
Published: July 2018

Linked ArticlesThis article is part of a themed section on Recent Developments in Research of Melatonin and its Potential Therapeutic Applications. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.16/issuetoc
The concept of resilience in childhood disability: Does the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health help us?
Authors: ten Hove Julia , Rosenbaum Peter 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe concept of resilience is popular in both the mainstream media and in health and human services research. Over the last 40 years, the term has been moulded and transformed from the idea of a trait that can be fostered within the individual towards a transactional concept with an emphasis on environmental factors. Although many current definitions are used to describe and talk about resilience, the dynamism of the concept is a common element across most current discussions and research applications. This paper provides an opportunity to place the concept of resilience within a framework for future application at the clinical frontlines.MethodsAn extensive scoping review on the existing literature was undertaken to explore recurring themes associated with resilience in families and children, particularly in the context of childhood disability. This literature was mapped and categorized in the context of World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework to create recommendations for practical application by health professionals.FindingsThree major themes emerged: (a) the idea of resilience as a state of an individual at a specific point in time rather than a built‐in trait; (b) the idea of resilience as dynamic rather than static; and (c) the value of a framework into which to place the components of “resilience.”ConclusionsThe relative ease with which resilience concepts is situated within the ICF is an indication that the ICF framework provides a useful way to incorporate concepts of resilience for clinical application.
Implant survival rates and biologic complications with implant‐supported fixed complete dental prostheses: A retrospective study with up to 12‐year follow‐up
Authors: Papaspyridakos Panos , Barizan Bordin Thaisa , Kim Yong‐Jeong , DeFuria Catherine , Pagni Sarah E. , Chochlidakis Konstantinos , Rolim Teixeira Eduardo , Weber Hans‐Peter 
Published: July 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the rate of biologic complications and implant survival in edentulous patients treated with implant‐supported fixed complete dental prostheses (IFCDPs) after a mean observation period of 5.2 years (range: 1–12 years).Materials and MethodsA single‐visit clinical and radiographic examination was performed to assess types and rates of biologic complications with ceramic IFCDPs (Group 1) and metal‐resin IFCDPs (Group 2).ResultsOf 457 rough surface dental implants supporting 71 IFCDPs (52 patients), six had failed, yielding an implant survival rate of 98.7% after a mean observation period of 5.2 years after definitive prosthesis insertion. The most frequent minor biologic complication was soft tissue recession (7.7% annual rate), inflammation under the IFCDP (7.4% annual rate), and peri‐implant mucositis (6.3% annual rate). The most frequent major biologic complication was peri‐implantitis (2.0% annual rate), in 46/457 implants (10.1%) supporting 19 IFCDPs and late implant failure (0.3% annual rate). The frequency of biologic complications was not statistically different between Group 1 and Group 2. The presence of high plaque index had significant effect on bone loss.ConclusionsAfter a mean exposure time of 5.2 years postdefinitive prosthesis insertion (range: 1–12 years), implant survival rate of 98.7% was achieved. The six implant failures in three patients occurred after 5 years and affected the prosthesis survival. Soft tissue recession was the most frequent minor biologic complication, whereas peri‐implantitis was the most frequent major biologic complication. A 10‐year implant‐based mucosal recession rate of 77% (95% CI: 68.2–87.9) and a 10‐year implant‐based peri‐implantitis rate of 20% (95% CI: 16.9–24.9) were found.