bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the healthy median nerve elasticity
Authors: Zhu Bihui , Yan Feng , He Ying , Wang Liyun , Xiang Xi , Tang Yuanjiao , Yang Yujia , Qiu Li 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The present study applied the shear wave elastography (SWE) to the median nerve in order to investigate the feasibility and reliability of its use in 40 healthy volunteers. Shear wave velocities of the median nerve on bilateral forearms and right carpal tunnel were obtained with relaxing or stretching conditions. The inter- and intraobserver agreements and differences of nerve elasticity among groups were evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients, the paired t test, and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, respectively. The stiffness of the site was expressed by 3 types of values: mean, minimum, and maximum shear-wave velocities. The inter- and intraobserver agreements were excellent (0.852–0.930) on the right forearm. No differences were detected between the bilateral forearm (mean: P = .14), while the values of different body sites and postures were statistically different (P < .001). SWE, as a noninvasive and objective tool, reached a good consistency in evaluating the healthy median nerve. Further studies are essential to investigate the detailed influencing factors and provide an insight of SWE to estimate both the normal nerve and peripheral neuropathy.
The combination of strip meniscometry and dry eye–related quality-of-life score is useful for dry eye screening during health checkup
Authors: Ishikawa Sho , Takeuchi Masaru , Kato Naoko 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Strip meniscometry (SM) is a new method for quantification of tear volume using meniscometry strips inserted into the tear meniscus for 5 seconds. The dry eye (DE)-related quality-of-life score (DEQS) questionnaire comprises 15 questions regarding bothersome ocular symptoms and their impact on daily life. These 2 examinations require a relatively short time and are appropriate as screening tests. We evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of SM and DEQS for screening for DE syndrome during general health checkup.
This study included 333 right eyes from 333 soldiers (331 men, 2 women; mean age, 42.8 ± 8.8 years) who underwent health checkups at the Yokosuka Medical Squadron between November and December 2013. We administered the DEQS questionnaire to the subjects. The fluorescein tear film break-up time and fluorescein and rose bengal staining scores were evaluated. A positive outcome was considered when DEQS >15 and SM scores <5 mm. We compared DEQS and SM between a DE group, suspected-DE group and normal group.
Thirty-four (11%) soldiers were diagnosed with definite DE based on the Japanese DE diagnostic criteria. The sensitivities of SM, DEQS, and SM combined with DEQS for definite DE were 71%, 79%, and 59%, respectively, whereas the corresponding specificities were 85%, 91%, and 97%, respectively. None of the enrolled subjects experienced complications such as eye pain or discomfort, except for 1 soldier (0.003%) with conjunctivochalasis, who experienced irritation upon SM.
The results of our study indicate that the combination of SM and DEQS is useful for the detection of DE with high sensitivity and specificity during routine health check-up.
Prediction model of lymphovascular invasion based on clinicopathological factors in Chinese patients with invasive breast cancer
Authors: Shen Sandi , Wu Guihua , Xiao Gaofang , Du Richang , Hu Ningdong , Xia Xu , Zhou Haibo 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and tumor size, histological grade, and the expression statuses of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2), Ki67, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), E-cadherin, and P53 in invasive breast cancer, then establish a prediction model of LVI based on the associated clinicopathological factors.
A total of 392 patients with primary invasive breast cancers were enrolled, and their paraffin-embedded tissues were manufactured into the tissue microarray. We evaluated the expression statuses of ER, PR, HER-2, Ki67, EGFR, VEGF, E-cadherin, and P53 based on immunohistochemistry, histological grade and LVI based on the hematoxylin and eosin stain, and tumor size.
The positivity of LVI was significantly higher in the patients with HER-2 positive expression, Ki67 high expression, and tumor size >2 cm by Chi-square test. HER-2, Ki67, and tumor size were risk factors of LVI by multivariate analysis. The areas under the receiver operating curve of HER-2, Ki67, tumor size, and the combination of the 3 clinicopathological factors were 0.614 [P
= .001, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.544–0.683], 0.596 (P
= .006, 95% CI: 0.529–0.662), 0.575 (P
= .03, 95% CI: 0.510–0.641), and 0.670 (P
< .001, 95% CI: 0.607–0.734), respectively.
HER-2 positive expression, Ki67 high expression, and tumor size >2 cm were risk factors of LVI, whereas the power of the prediction model of LVI based on the 3 clinicopathological factors in invasive breast cancer was low.
Successful low-dosage thrombolysis of massive pulmonary embolism in primigravida
Authors: Liao Jiyang , Lai Fang , Xie Dongping , Han Yun , Mai Shutao , Weng Yanna , Zhang Yan , Du Jiongdong , Zhou Gengbiao 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Rational:
Thrombolysis in primigravida with hemodynamic instability is controversial, especially treatment with low-dosage recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA), and related studies are extremely rare. Here, we report the case of a 26-year-old primigravida diagnosed with an acute massive pulmonary embolism (PE) that prompted initiation of thrombolysis with low-dose alteplase.

Patient concerns:
The patient was admitted to the Emergency Department with chief complaints of a sudden onset of extremely dyspnea, chest tightness, and confusion over a 6-hour period. She was found to have significant dilation of her right ventricle, moderate pulmonary arterial hypotension, as shown by transthoracic echocardiography, and a typical S1-Q3-T3 pattern, as shown by electrocardiogram (ECG).

Diagnosis:
Acute massive PE in primigravida.

Intervention:
The patient underwent intravenous thrombolysis with a half dose of alteplase.

Outcomes:
The fetus lived through this severe event during the mother's stay in the Intensive Care Unit; however, surgical abortion was unexpectedly proposed due to long-term hypoxia and high-risk of relapse and exacerbation and was performed successfully after the agreement of her kin. The patient recovered gradually, and results of her laboratory tests and postsurgical, repeated contrast-enhanced computed tomography had normalized by her 3-month follow-up.

Lessons:
Administration of low-dosage alteplase in primigravida with hemodynamic instability is extremely rare and controversial; however, our case suggests that this treatment strategy is relatively safe and feasible. In addition, nonradiometric examination played a major role in the diagnosis of PE in this patient. Because radiation use is contraindicated during pregnancy, these examinations could be the first choice for pregnant patients with suspected PE.
The differences in epidemiological and psychological features of globus symptoms between urban and rural Guangzhou, China
Authors: Tang Bei , Wang Xiaogu , Chen Chaoda , Deng Xuqun , Ouyang Xinqiang , Jia Lin , Gong Jianan 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
To compare the epidemiological and psychological features of globus symptoms between individuals from urban and rural areas in Guangzhou.
In total, 3360 individuals aged 18 years and over were selected to participate in our questionnaire investigation using random cluster sampling under the stratification of a urban area and a rural area. The questionnaire comprised questions on personal characteristics and globus symptomatology and psychological characteristic and sleep quality scales.
Lifetime prevalence and Glasgow-Edinburgh throat scale scores of globus symptoms were greater in the urban area than in the rural area, but no significant differences in sex ratio or onset age between individuals with globus were found. The incidences and severity of anxiety, depression, and sleep disorders were significantly higher among patients who presented with globus in the urban area than among those in the rural area.
The lifetime prevalence of globus symptoms and the psychological features of globus patients differ between urban and rural inhabitants. We should pay more attention to these differences.
Prognostic significance and dynamic change of plasma macrophage migration inhibitory factor in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Deng Fuxue , Zhao Qiang , Deng Yangyang , Wu Yue , Zhou Dong , Liu Weimin , Yuan Zuyi , Zhou Juan 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has been reported as an inflammatory cytokine in many inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis and ischemic diseases. However, dynamic changes of MIF within the first 24 hours on admission and potential prognostic significance following ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) have been little known. In this study, we examined the dynamic change of MIF level and its potential diagnostic and prognostic value after the onset of STEMI. Plasma MIF levels were evaluated in symptomatic subjects who received coronary angiogram with a median 27 months follow-up for the development of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs).
Of all 993 subjects, patients with STEMI showed a significantly higher MIF levels than in patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome, stable angina, and normal coronary artery, respectively (P < .01). Plasma MIF levels elevated as early as 12 hours post-onset of STEMI and peaked rapidly within 24 hours, and remained elevated from about day 5 till day 9 during hospitalization. In multivariate analysis, MIF was associated with a decreased risk of MACEs occurrence in STEMI patients after adjustment for traditional cardiovascular risk factors [hazard ratio 0.81, (0.72–0.90), P < .001]. The ROC curve for MACEs was 0.72 (95% CI 0.62–0.80, P < .001) and 0.85 (95% CI 0.80–0.90, P < .001) using Framingham risk factors only and combined with MIF, individually.
Measurement of MIF adds potential information for the early diagnosis of acute STEMI and significantly improves risk prediction of MACEs when added to a prognostic model with traditional Framingham risk factors.
Guided intracameral air injection based on 3D reconstructed anterior optical coherence tomography images in iatrogenic Descemet's membrane detachment
Authors: Yoon Hye Yeon , Kim Hyun Seung , Hwang Hyung Bin 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Rationale:
We emphasize the importance of using anterior optical coherence tomography (OCT) to understand the details of iatrogenic Descemet's membrane detachment (DMD) in 3 dimensions; this allows appropriate air injection into the anterior chamber in terms of both direction and method.

Patients concerns:
A 74-year-old Korean female presented with progressive visual impairment. On slit-lamp examination, an iridocorneal adhesion was observed, associated with a full-thickness corneal opacity 3.0-mm in diameter. Adherence between the crystalline lens (with moderate cortical cataracts) and the iris was evident near the opacity. Therefore, we decided to perform cataract surgery.

Diagnosis:
Intraoperatively, iatrogenic DMD occurred during removal of the iridocorneal adhesion, as clearly shown on postoperative OCT. However, slit-lamp examination did not reveal the details of the DMD because of the corneal edema.

Interventions and Outcomes:
The DMD was evaluated via 3-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of multiple anterior OCT images. The reconstructed images were used to guide intracameral sterile air injection from an appropriate direction using an optimal method. The patient was asked to maintain an appropriate head position to allow the injected air to re-attach the DM.

Lessons:
Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of an iatrogenic DMD developing during intraocular surgery is necessary to establish the details of the injury and allow accurate air injection into the anterior chamber; the air stream effectively re-attached the DM. It is important that the iatrogenic DMD can be treated properly only by confirming the accurate 3-dimensional shape as well as the position, height, and width of the DMD.
Safety and efficacy of pharmacomechanical thrombolysis for acute and subacute deep vein thrombosis patients with relative contraindications
Authors: Liu Xiangdong , Cao Pengkai , Li Yunsong , Zhao Jianing , Li Liang , Li Haitao , Zhang Yanrong 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of pharmacomechanical thrombolysis (PMT) performed for patients with relative contraindications.
From June 2014 to December 2016, 112 patients with acute or subacute proximal deep vein thrombosis (DVT) were enrolled in this study. 60 patients (including 27 acute DVT patients and 33 subacute DVT patients) were treated with catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT), and 52 patients with relative contraindications (including 25 acute DVT patients and 27 subacute DVT patients) with PMT. Assessment of venous recanalization was conducted using venography the time Inferior vena cava filter is removed, and complications were used to compare safety and efficacy between the groups.
The outcomes of acute DVT patients no matter which kind of therapy performed, CDT or PMT, were significant better than subacute DVT patients (P
CDT = .04 and P
PMT = .01). However, there was no significant difference between CDT acute group and PMT acute group or between CDT subacute group and PMT subacute group (P
acute = .80 and P
subacute = .84). For complications of all patients, there was no mortality and major bleeding occurred.
PMT could be a safe and effective management for DVT patients with relative contraindications, and the acute DVT may achieve better outcomes when they receive CDT or PMT.
Prognostic role of targeting protein for Xklp2 in solid tumors
Authors: Wang Shijie , Chen Yongyuan , Chai Ying 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Background:
The prognostic role of targeting protein for Xklp2 (TPX2) in solid tumors has been investigated in several researches, but the results remain controversial. Here we present a meta-analysis to systematically review the association between TPX2 expression levels and prognosis of human solid tumors.

Methods:
Studies published until December 2017 were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCO, 13 studies (2134 patients) were collected for analysis. Odds ratios (ORs) for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) from individual studies were calculated by the application of Mantel-Haenszel random effect model. Pooled ORs were estimated by Z test. Publication bias and interstudy heterogeneity analyses were also performed.

Results:
TPX2 overexpression was associated with poor OS at 3 and 5 years [OR = 4.63, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.27–6.56, P < .00001; OR = 4.05, 95% CI: 2.32–7.07, P < .00001, respectively] of solid tumors. Similar results were observed with DFS at 3 and 5 years (OR = 3.35, 95% CI: 1.83–6.14, P < .0001; OR = 2.94, 95% CI: 1.74–4.98, P < .0001, respectively). Subgroup analysis revealed that increased TPX2 expression was related to worse prognosis of gastric cancer and hepatocellular cancer, while irrelevant to esophageal squamous cell cancer at 5-year survival rate.

Conclusions:
Overexpression of TPX2 is related to poor survival rate in most solid tumors, which indicates that the expression level of TPX2 is a significant prognostic parameter and potential therapeutic target in various solid tumors.
Management of recalcitrant epithelial ingrowth after laser in situ keratomileusis
Authors: Tian Mingxia 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Rationale:
Surgically lifting and scraping, mitomycin C, fibrin glue, Nd:YAG laser, hydrogel ocular sealant, and amniotic membrane patch are the reported methods for treating epithelial ingrowth after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). Here we report the management of a rare case of recalcitrant epithelial ingrowth using a combined scraping/laser ablation that occurred after LASIK.

Patient concerns:
A female patient underwent uncomplicated bilateral LASIK 10 years before incurring trauma to the right eye. Approximately 2.5 years later, she presented with a complaint of blurred vision and a foreign body sensation.

Diagnoses:
The patient was diagnosed with epithelial ingrowth because of the presence of corneal melting, wrinkling, and scarring. Approximately 6 months after injury, the patient underwent corneal scraping to remove the epithelial ingrowth. Even after 2 more scraping procedures, the epithelial ingrowth recurred. Corneal densitometry was performed (Oculus Pentacam), which revealed a maximum corneal densitometry value of 87.4 gray scale units (GSUs) in the inferonasal quadrant. This reading highly elevated compared to readings from normal cornea (approximately 20 GSU).

Interventions:
We used a combination scraping/laser ablation procedure to correct astigmatism and eliminate any undetected residual corneal epithelial cells.

Outcomes:
Two days following the procedure, the patient developed a mild corneal opacity in the area where the epithelial ingrowth had been located. At this time, visual acuity was 20/40, refractive error (manifest refraction) was −0.50 Diopter (D) sph, and the maximum corneal densitometry value was 79.2 GSU. After 2 months, the central cornea remained slightly blurred, but visual acuity was 20/25. No signs of recurrent epithelial ingrowth were present and the maximum corneal densitometry reading had decreased to 55.4 GSU.

Lessons:
This case demonstrates that epithelial ingrowth should be treated as soon as possible after trauma and that thorough scraping combined with laser ablation is effective for treating recalcitrant epithelial ingrowth. Additionally, corneal densitometry can be used to assess epithelial ingrowth severity and treatment efficacy.
Pediatric Feeding Disorder
Authors: Goday Praveen S. , Huh Susanna Y. , Silverman Alan , Lukens Colleen T. , Dodrill Pamela , Cohen Sherri S. , Delaney Amy L. , Feuling Mary B. , Noel Richard J. , Gisel Erika , Kenzer Amy , Kessler Daniel B. , Kraus de Camargo Olaf , Browne Joy , Phalen James A. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTPediatric feeding disorders (PFDs) lack a universally accepted definition. Feeding disorders require comprehensive assessment and treatment of 4 closely related, complementary domains (medical, psychosocial, and feeding skill‐based systems and associated nutritional complications). Previous diagnostic paradigms have, however, typically defined feeding disorders using the lens of a single professional discipline and fail to characterize associated functional limitations that are critical to plan appropriate interventions and improve quality of life. Using the framework of the World Health Organization International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health, a unifying diagnostic term is proposed: “Pediatric Feeding Disorder” (PFD), defined as impaired oral intake that is not age‐appropriate, and is associated with medical, nutritional, feeding skill, and/or psychosocial dysfunction. By incorporating associated functional limitations, the proposed diagnostic criteria for PFD should enable practitioners and researchers to better characterize the needs of heterogeneous patient populations, facilitate inclusion of all relevant disciplines in treatment planning, and promote the use of common, precise, terminology necessary to advance clinical practice, research, and health‐care policy.
Apert Syndrome: Intraoperative and Postoperative Hyponatremia
Authors: Gencay Isin 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Apert syndrome is one of the acrocephalosyndactilia syndromes that is characterized with calvarial an extremity deformities. Anesthesia management of this syndrome is commonly related with difficult airway. However, hyponatremia is another insistent complication that can occur during craniosynostosis surgeries. Hyponatremia is a common complication during calvarial remodeling surgeries and it can result in serious neurologic damage. Development of mild hyponatremia in a patient with Apert syndrome that went under craniosynostosis surgery was presented in this study.
Reconstruction of Facial Defects with Three-Stage Frontal Expanded Bipedicled Flaps
Authors: Dong Weiwei , Yang Qinghua 
Published: October 2018

Background:
The aim of the present study was the therapeutic effect of the frontal expanded bipedicled flaps that are used in the reconstruction of facial defects. Patients were treated with mostly unilateral facial defects which affected temple area and cross the midline with frontal expanded flaps to investigate the therapeutic effect of reconstruction of facial defects with frontal expanded bipedicled flaps from June 2012 to August 2017 and 2 patients were discussed in this study.

Methods:
The surgery procedure was divided into 3 stages. At the first stage, expanders were implanted and the expanded frontal flaps were transferred at second stage. After that pedicle division was performed and the pedicle skin tissue was used to repair the residue defect at the third stage.

Results:
All 7 flaps survived completely with satisfactory color and texture. Satisfied results were achieved during the follow-up period of 1 year.

Conclusion:
The bipedicled frontal expanded flap is very suitable for large facial defect due to its reliable blood supply.
Ddx3xregulates B-cell development and light chain recombination in mice
Authors: Liu Ke , Tuazon Jasmine , Karmele Erik P. , Krishnamurthy Durga , Perlor Thomas , Foong-Sobis Michelle , Karns Rebekah A , Mandal Malay , Reynaud Damien , Scofield R. Hal , Penninger Josef M. , Harley John B. , Waggoner Stephen N. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractDdx3xencodes a DEAD box RNA helicase implicated in antiviral immunity and tumorigenesis. We find that hematopoieticDdx3xdeficiency inVav1-Cremice (ΔDdx3x) results in altered leukocyte composition of secondary lymphoid tissues, including a marked reduction in mature B cells. This paucity of peripheral B cells is associated with deficits in B-cell development in the bone marrow, including reduced frequencies of small pre-B cells. Bone marrow chimera experiments reveal a B-cell intrinsic effect ofDdx3xdeletion. Mechanistically, ΔDdx3xsmall pre-B cells exhibit lower expression ofBrwd1, a histone reader that restricts recombination at the immunoglobulin kappa (Igk)locus. In fact, the B-cell deficits in ΔDdx3xmice resemble those ofBrwd1mutant mice, and both strains of mice exhibit defectiveIgkrearrangement in small pre-B cells. The contribution ofDdx3xtoBrwd1expression and light chain rearrangement constitutes the first evidence of a role for an RNA helicase in promoting B-cell development.
Inference of recombination maps from a single pair of genomes and its application to archaic samples
Authors: Barroso Gustavo V. , Puzovic Natasa , Dutheil Julien Y. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTUnderstanding the causes and consequences of recombination rate evolution is a fundamental goal in genetics that requires recombination maps from across the tree of life. Since statistical inference of recombination maps typically depends on large samples, reaching out studies to non-model organisms requires alternative tools. Here we extend the sequentially Markovian coalescent model to jointly infer demography and the variation in recombination along a pair of genomes. Using extensive simulations and sequence data from humans, fruit-flies and a fungal pathogen, we demonstrate that iSMC accurately infers recombination maps under a wide range of scenarios – remarkably, even from a single pair of unphased genomes. We exploit this possibility and reconstruct the recombination maps of archaic hominids. We report that the evolution of the recombination landscape follows the established phylogeny of Neandertals, Denisovans and modern human populations, as expected if the genomic distribution of crossovers in hominids is largely neutral.