bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study comparing the clinical profile of patients with stroke in diabetic and non-diabetic patients
Authors: Kumar G. Sathish , Rajeswaran S. , Padmanaban U. B. 
Published: September 2019

Background: A stroke occurs when a blood vessel that carries oxygen and nutrients to the brain is either blocked by a clot or bursts (or ruptures). Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was done to determine the type of stroke. Diabetes mellitus is a well-recognized risk factor for ischemic stroke. The study was undertaken to assess the clinical characteristics, outcome pattern and to compare the pattern of stroke in diabetics and non-diabetics.Methods: An observational cross-sectional prospective study wherein a hundred stroke patients being admitted to MGMGH, Trichy were sampled and the clinical profile along with outcome is compared in diabetic and non- diabetic populations and the statistical significance of the same.Results: The proportion of patients with poor outcome following stroke was significantly higher in diabetics compared with non-diabetic patients being chi square value was 37.6514 and p value was found to be significantly less than 0.0001.Conclusions: The study resulted the large hemorrhages are twice as much common in the diabetic population compared to the non-diabetic population , the incidence increases with the chronicity of diabetes and the outcome is superior in the non-diabetics compared to the diabetics admitted in Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Government Hospital, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India.
INVESTIGATION OF PROBLEM BASED LEARNING: PROCESS OF UNDERSTANDING THE CONCEPTS AND INDEPENDENCE LEARNING ON RESEARCH STATISTICS SUBJECT
Authors: Ediansyah  , Kurniawan Dwi Agus , Salamah  , Perdana Rahmat 
Published: September 2019

Purpose of the study: The purpose of this study is to investigate the process from which students understand the concepts of research statistics and learning independence on the subject of research statistics. And their relationship between understanding the concept with independence and PBL learning models Methodology: This research was conducted at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Teacher Education (Primary Teacher Education/PGMI) State Islamic Institute (IAIN) Bengkulu in which the samples used were students of 6 semester and students of 8 semesters. The research method was qualitative and quantitative with correlational research design, with total samples 295 with total sampling. The research instruments were by using independence questionnaires and multiple-choice questions. The data were analyzed by using simple regression analysis. Main Findings: Problem Based Learning (PBL) has a significant relationship with the understanding concept research statistical subject and learning independence. Implication/Applications of this study: Understanding the statistical concepts of research. Because the statistical theory is useful in completing a student's final project (essay.it would be helpful for students to use this model to study of research statistics. Novelty/Originality of this study: No study has been done so for on this sample.
Leopoldo Kronecker y su gran aporte matemático
Authors: Arguedas  T. Vernor 
Published: September 2019

Se presenta una biografía breve de Leopoldo Kronecker. Se muestran cuatro ejemplos de su enorme quehacer matemático y seconcluye con algunos de sus aportes a los fundamentos de la matemática.

Abstract
A brief biography of Leopoldo Kronecker is presented. Four examples of his enormous mathematical work are shown and weconclude with his contributions to some of the foundations of mathematics
Optimización de un protocolo de cultivo in vitro de embriones de Coyol (Acrocomia aculeata)
Authors: Sánchez-Zúñiga Katherine , Arnáez-Serrano Elizabeth , Moreira-González Ileana , Vargas-Hernández Guillermo 
Published: September 2019

El coyol (Acrocomia aculeata), es una palma distribuida principalmente en la Región del Pacífico de Costa Rica, su principal uso ha sido la obtención de una bebida conocida como vino de coyol y los frutos como alimento para el ganado. Además, es una especie que tiene un gran potencial, debido a que de los frutos y semillas se puede obtener aceite que puede ser utilizado para producir biodiesel, alimentos y cosméticos, entre otros.
Son pocas las plantaciones comerciales que existen en el mundo, sin embargo, Brasil es uno de los países que está apostando a la siembra de esta especie en mayores extensiones. Uno de los problemas que se tiene al trabajar con esta especie es la alta dormancia de sus semillas y los bajos porcentajes de germinación. Por tal motivo el objetivo del trabajo fue el establecimiento y estandarización de un protocolo de germinación in vitro de embriones de coyol (A. aculeata).
Se colectaron frutos de plantas de coyol (A.aculeata) ubicadas en diferentes sitios de las provincias de Guanacaste, Alajuela, San José y Puntarenas de Costa Rica, durante el año 2018. Se separó el exocarpo y mesocarpo y se desinfectó el endocarpo, posteriormente se extrajeron los embriones y se sembraron en diferentes medios de cultivo in vitro. Se logró obtener un protocolo de desinfección y de germinación.
Biotecnología para el estudio de enfermedades neuropsiquiátricas y la búsqueda de nuevos tratamientos: caso de las neuregulinas
Authors: Soto-Bernardini María Clara 
Published: September 2019

Las neuregulinas (NRGs) son factores de crecimiento tipo epidérmicos (EGF), que actúan como ligandos para receptores transmembrana tirosin quinasas de la familia ErbB. La señalización de NRG1 y su principal receptor en el cerebro, ErbB4, participa en procesos del desarrollo embrionario, la neurotransmisión y la plasticidad sináptica. Existe evidencia de que distintas isoformas de NRG1 desempeñan funciones específicas, pero la medida de como estas participan en los procesos mencionados no está clara. Nrg1 se ha asociado a la esquizofrenia (EZ) en distintas poblaciones. Además, se ha reportado un incremento en la expresión de este gen en cerebros post mortem de pacientes con EZ, así como hiperfosforilación de ErbB4. Esto sugiere que la hiperestimulación de NRG1/ErbB4 puede representar un componente de la etiología de la EZ. Los mecanismos patológicos asociados aún no se conocen.
En el Centro de Investigaciones en Biotecnología (CIB), se está desarrollando una línea de investigación que se enmarca dentro del área de ciencias biomédicas, específicamente las neurociencias. Estos estudios cuentan con colaboradores en el Instituto Max Planck para Medicina Experimental (Göttingen) y cuentan con líneas únicas de ratones sobreexpresores de NRGs. Estas valiosas herramientas nos permitirán realizar estudios in vivo sobre las consecuencias de hiperestimular NRG1/ErbB4 en circuitos corticales, relevante para las enfermedades neuropsiquiátricas. Se espera que la nueva línea de investigación contribuya a establecer/fortalecer redes de colaboración científica inter-institucional e internacional y al mismo tiempo, incremente la cantidad y la calidad del Capital Humano en la investigación de neurociencias en Costa Rica.
Laboratorio de Biocontrol: Investigación vinculada con la producción agrícola
Authors: Rivera-Méndez William , Brenes-Madriz Jaime , Zúñiga-Vega Claudia 
Published: September 2019

El Laboratorio de Control Biológico del Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología del Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica ha trabajado durante la última década en el uso de microorganismos nativos y el desarrollo de bio-insumos a partir de estos, para la regulación de poblaciones de insectos y microorganismos patógenos de plantas.
El control biológico se enfoca hacia la forma en que las comunidades de organismos alrededor de las plantas afectan las interrelaciones que ocurren. La investigación está centrada en la prospección de nuevas especies, el análisis de la composición de las comunidades de microorganismos en la rizósfera y la filósfera, la comunicación microorganismo-planta, la activación de la resistencia sistémica en las plantas por inducción con organismos benéficos y el desarrollo de formulaciones novedosas.
La transferencia de resultados a los agricultores es un factor fundamental que permite el intercambio de conocimientos generados para que sean incorporados por muchos agricultores. La capacitación de técnicos y extensionistas es también importante, ya que son ellos los que día a día están en contacto con los agricultores y les pueden recomendar otras técnicas de control de plagas y enfermedades sostenibles. La vinculación con empresas es otro punto que ha permitido el desarrollo de investigaciones contratadas y una serie de servicios de diagnóstico y soporte al sector privado. La diversidad de las actividades realizadas ha permitido al laboratorio consolidarse como un aliado del sector agrícola y de la industria local de producción de bio- insumos.
THE STUDENT’S ABILITY TO WRITE A GOOD PARAGRAPH THROUGH DISCUSSION AT THE SECOND YEAR STUDENTS OF SMAN 1 PAKEL TULUNGAGUNG
Authors: Suparmo Suparmo 
Published: September 2019

As members of society, we are necessarily trained in writing activities, at least in creating sentences to good paragraphs. However, there are reasons how to read is not enough, and we are also interested in how to write sentences very well (Zamel, 1987: 257). Writing a good paragraph is a complex process that has been done and not easy for everyone. From four language skills, writing a composition is considered as a subject that is difficult to master. Mastery of writing is not a skill which can be learned in isolation. It means that writing is integrated by the other language skills such as reading, speaking, and listening, (Richard Rodger (1999:56). The usage of acceptable technique is essential in teaching-learning process because it motivates the students to learn English. Therefore, the writer provides a research question on whether the students have created their composition easily through a peer-to-peer discussion. In this case, the writer needs to observe whether there are different results of composing a paragraph through a peer-to-peer discussion compared with the other groups. The objectives of the study are whether students using the discussion to write a good paragraph gain better scores in English than those who do not. The writer collects the data from the students of the second year. They were asked to write a paragraph based on specific topics provided by a classroom teacher and choose three alternative topics to write quickly. The first process was that the students were trained to write a paragraph in a group. Next, in the final activity, they create a composition. The result of research about making composition through a discussion way is right. They can share each other to correct the mistakes. With the result of the discussion, the students can create the composition better the next day. The research concludes that making composition through a discussion way is one of the solutions to make composition easier for the students. Based on the result of research, the students enjoy writing a paragraph through discussion way.
IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL DRUG RELATED PROBLEMS OF IMPROPER DOSAGE AND ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS CATEGORIES IN OSTEOARTHRITIS OUTPATIENTS IN RSUD JOMBANG 2016
Authors: Muslim Ayu Tria Nurjannah , Hakim Abdul , Dianti Meilina Ratna 
Published: September 2019

<em>Osteoarthritis is a chronic disorder of synovial joints, characterized by progressive softening and disintegration of cartilage in joints. This is the most common type of arthritis in Indonesia with prevalence about 23.6 to 31.3% and generally suffered by middle age patients. Drug therapy for treating osteoarthritis is NSAIDs, supplements and corticosteroids. The increasing number of available drugs, drug users and more complex drug regimens caused more side effect and potential drug interaction and lead to another problem, it is Drug Related Problems. The purpose of this study was to identify potential Drug Related Problem categories of improper dosage and Adverse Drug Reactions in osteoarthritis outpatient in RSUD Jombang during 2016. This research is a non-experimental descriptive study conducted retrospectively, carried out in March 2017 at RSUD Jombang. Research sample is 87 respondents of osteoarthritis outpatient which taken by systematic random sampling method. The data presented in percentage of improper dosage and Adverse Drug reactions potential case. The result found potential of improper dosage in respondent about 82,76% and Adverse Drug Reactions about 20,69%.</em>
Assessing Family-Like Dynamics in the Workplace as Possible Precursors of Workplace Bullying: Psychometric Analysis of a Modified Instrument
Authors: Dzurec Laura , Karpinski Aryn , Kennison Monica , Rair Randy , Fitzgerald Shawn 
Published: September 2019

Background and PurposeFamily-like dynamics in workplaces may serve as antecedents to workplace bullying. This study addressed the psychometric properties of an instrument modified to assess family-like dynamics in the workplace.DesignThe investigators used categorical principal components analysis (CATPCA) to investigate the psychometric properties of an instrument modified to measure coworker perceptions of family-like dynamics in the workplace.MethodsPrimarily White (95%) study participants (N= 273) completed a brief, demographic form and the modified Family Relationships Index (FRI) of the Family Assessment Scale (FES) (Moos & Moos, 1981, 1986). Demographic data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and perceptions of family-like dynamics in the workplace were analyzed using CATPCA.ResultsThe modified FRI served as a reasonable model for capturing coworker perceptions of family-like dynamics in the workplace.ConclusionsFurther research is indicated to determine the overall utility of the modified FRI and to ascertain whether family-like dynamics actually are precursors to workplace bullying victimization.
Pengaruh Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Group Investigation Berbasis ICT Terhadap Kemampuan Komunikasi Peserta Didik Pada Materi Larutan Elektrolit dan Non Elektrolit
Authors: Linda Astuti  , Muhab Sukro , Darwis Zulmanelis 
Published: September 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Group Investigation berbasis ICT terhadap kemampuan komunikasi peserta didik. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode kuantitatif. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Pembelajaran dilakukan pada satu kelas eksperimen dan satu kelas kontrol dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe GI berbasis ICT dan non ICT.Instrumen penelitian menggunakan soal uraian yang telah dinyatakan valid dan reliabel. Hasil uji hipotesis independent two samples t-test diperoleh nilai t hitung (2,897) > t tabel (1,667), sehingga dapat disimpulkan terdapat pengaruh positif pada penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Group Investigation berbasis ICT terhadap kemampuan komunikasi peserta didik. Analisis lebih lanjut pada tiap indikator kemampuan komunikasi, dapat diketahui bahwa pada indikator mengidentifikasi masalah, mengumpulkan informasi, dan menarik kesimpulan terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan pada hasil posttest kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Sedangkan pada indikator menuliskan ringkasan dan menggunakan tata bahasa dan ejaan yang baik tidak terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol.
Kata kunci
Kemampuan Komunikasi, Cooperative Learning Tipe Group Investigation, Pembelajaran Berbasis ICT
Females Fall More From Heights But Males Survive Less Among A Geriatric Population: Insights From An American Level 1 Trauma Center
Authors: El-Menyar Ayman , Tilley Elizabeth , Al-Thani Hassan , Latifi Rifat 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background

Approximately one third of subjects ≥65 year old and half of subjects ≥80 years old sustain a fall injury each year. We aimed to study the outcomes of fall from a height (FFH) among older adults. We hypothesized that in an elderly population, fall-related injury and mortality are the same in both genders.Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted between January 2012 and December 2016 in patients who sustained fall injury at age of at least 60 years and were admitted into a Level 1 Trauma center. Patients were divided into 3 groups: Gp-I: 60-69, Gp-II: 70-79 and Gp-III: ≥80 years old. Data were analyzed and compared using Chi-square, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and logistic regression analysis tests.Results

Forty-three percent (3665/8528) of adult trauma patients had FFH and 59.5% (2181) were ≥ 60 years old and 52% were women. The risk of fall increased with age with an Odd ratio (OR) 1.52 for age 70-79 and an OR 3.40 for ≥80.
Females fell 1.2 times more (age-adjusted OR 1.24; 95% CI 1.05-1.45) and 47% of ≥80 years old suffered FFH. Two-thirds of FFH occurred at a height ≤1 meter. Injury severity (ISS, NISS and GCS) were worse in Gp-II, lower extremities max Abbreviated Injury score (max AIS) was higher in Gp-III. Overall mortality was 8.7% (Gp-I 3.6% vs. 11.3% in Gp-II and 14% in Gp- III). Males showed higher mortality than females in the entire age groups (Gp-I: 4.6% vs 1%, Gp-II: 12.9% vs 4.2% and Gp-III: 17.3% vs 6.9% respectively). On multivariate analysis, shock index (OR 3.80; 95% CI 1.27-11.33) and male gender (OR 2.70; 95% CI 1.69-4.16) were independent predictors of mortality.Conclusions

Fall from a height is more common in older adult female patients, but male patients have worse outcomes. Preventive measures for falls at home still are needed for the older adults of both genders.
Identification of new QTLs for resistance to Plasmodiophora brassicae in Brassica napus using genome wide association mapping
Authors: Dakouri Abdulsalam , Lamara Mebarek , Karim Md. Masud , Wang Jinghe , Chen Qilin , Strelkov Stephen E. , Hwang Sheau-Fang , Gossen Bruce D. , Peng Gary , Yu Fengqun 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Clubroot of canola ( Brassica napus ), caused by the obligate pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae Woronin, is a major disease worldwide. Genetic resistance remains the best strategy to manage this disease. The objective of the study was to identify and map new sources of resistance to clubroot in B. napus using genome-wide association mapping. The reaction of a collection of 177 accessions to four highly virulent pathotypes of P. brassicae was assessed. These pathotypes were selected because they were most recently identified and showed different virulence patterns on the Canadian clubroot differential (CCD) lines. The collection was then genotyped using genotyping by sequencing (GBS) method. Multi-locus mixed linear model (MMLM) was used to perform the association analysis. Results The majority of accessions were highly susceptible (70 –100 DSI), while few individual accessions showed strong resistance (0–20 DSI) to 5X (2 accessions), 2B (7 accessions), 3A (8 accessions) and 3D (15 accessions). In total, 301,753 SNPs were mapped to 19 chromosomes. Population structure analysis indicated that the 177 accessions belong to two major populations. SNPs were associated with resistance to each pathotype using MLMM. In total, 23 significant SNP loci were identified, with 14 SNPs mapped to the A-genome and 9 to the C-genome. The SNPs were associated with resistance to pathotypes 5X (4 SNPs), 2B (9), 3A (5) and 3D (5). A blast search of 2 Mb upstream and downstream identified 61 disease resistance genes, of which 24 belonged to TIR-NBS-LRR proteins and 20 belonged to CC-NBS-LRR proteins. The distance between a SNP locus and the nearest resistance genes ranged from 0.11–1.66 Mb. This indicated that NBS-LRR gene family might have an important role in clubroot resistance in B. napus . Conclusion The resistant B. napus lines and the SNP markers identified in this study can be used for breeding for resistance to clubroot and contribute to understanding the genetic mechanism of resistance to clubroot.
WITHDRAWN: Molecular pathological signatures of gastric cancer in Koreans revealed by label-free proteomics
Authors: Sul Hee Jung , Seo Jong Bok , Sohn Sung-Hwa , Cho Ji Woong , Kim Kab Choong , Kim A-Young , Han Boram , Kim Hyeong Su , Lim Hyun , Kang Ho Suk , Soh Jae Seung , Seo Jinwon , Koh Young Ho , Zang Dae Young 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background

Recent studies in gastric cancer (GC) suggested that it could be a heterogeneous disease caused by various genetic defects in combination with environmental risk factors. In this study, a quantitative label-free proteomic analysis were performed to detect differentially expressed proteins and fusion proteins that are only expressed in GC tissues and to identify the signal transduction pathways involved in the tumorigenesis of GC in Korean patients.

Methods

We identified 72 up- and 29 down-regulated proteins in at least 5 out of 9 GC tissues compared with paired normal tissues.

Results

These proteins were divided into 6 highly interacting clusters and 5 relatively related groups for which no interactions have been reported to date but cellular and molecular functions may be shared. Interestingly, the clusters and groups harbored targets for cancer drugs and prognostic markers for several cancers. In addition to these similarities to other cancers, the expression levels of Actinin α-4 (ACTN4), Arginase 2 (ARG2) and ARG3 were significantly decreased in GC, suggesting differences in signaling in Korean GC compared with other cancers. Furthermore, we identified 2 fusion proteins that were expressed only in GC tissues and not in normal gastric tissues: Tropomyosin 4 (TPM4)-Anaplastic lymphoma receptor tyrosine kinase (ALK) and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2/B1 (hnRNPA2B1)-Family with sequence similarity 96 member A (FAM96A).

Conclusions

Our label-free proteomic and biochemical analysis revealed that Korean GC showed tumorigenesis signaling characteristics shared with other cancers in addition to presenting novel defects, such as fusion proteins and altered expression of ACTN4, ARG2 and ARG3.
Bioinformatics-based analysis of TCGA to identify the prognostic biomarkers in HR-positive/HER2-negative tamoxifen-treated breast cancer
Authors: Zeng Liyun , Ouyang Dengjie , Zou Qiongyan , Chen Qitong , Luo Na , Yi Wenjun 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Patients with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer, which accounts for approximately 70% of all breast cancers, receive tamoxifen therapy to inhibit recurrence and improve overall survival. However, the cumulative risk of distant recurrence in the past 20 years is still as high as 22 to 52% after 5 years of endotherapy. TNM stage, histological grade and age are important clinical factors related to recurrence. Differential gene analysis based on matching clinical factors will be helpful for understanding the molecular mechanism of recurrence; however, there have been no reports yet.Results In our study, we identified 647 DEGs in a TCGA dataset that included 20 patients, of which 10 patients had relapsed after tamoxifen treatment and 10 did not. Ten genes were found by the CytoHubba APP in Cytoscape. After analysis of the GO terms and KEGG pathways, we found that the genes were mainly enriched in the inflammatory response and cytokine-receptor interaction, and then these results were verified in the GEPIA2 and KM-plot websites. Finally, we identified CXCL1, CXCL2 and CX3CL1 as prognostic factors, and their overexpression in HR-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer predicted a longer disease-free survival.Conclusion In conclusion, the high expression of CXCL1, CXCL2, and CX3CL1 can predict longer disease-free survival in breast cancer after tamoxifen treatment and may be a biomarker for tamoxifen therapy.