bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
All‐Silicon Double‐Cavity Fourier‐Transform Infrared Spectrometer On‐Chip
Authors: Eltagoury Yomna M. , Sabry Yasser M. , Khalil Diaa A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIt is expected that miniaturized infrared spectrometers will enable spectral sensing anywhere. Their applications are almost infinite, including in smart devices, monitoring of air and water quality, healthcare wearables, among many others. Free‐space on‐chip, or photonic MEMS, interferometers are an attractive solution since they provide the required miniaturization while achieving the optical throughput needed for device sensitivity. A Fourier‐transform spectrometer on‐chip is presented based on cascading silicon broadband photonic MEMS cavities. The double‐cavity configuration shrinks the size of the optical engine dramatically with respect to the Michelson configuration, while overcoming the need for bringing the micromirrors in physical contact as in case of a single cavity. The all‐silicon interfaces provide low enough reflectivity such that the response of the cavity can be approximated by a single harmonic allowing Fourier transform operation of the spectrometer. The spectrometer is fabricated using deep etching of a silicon‐on‐insulator substrate allowing release of movable elements. The optical engine size is 300 µm × 400 µm. The device is tested in the wavelength range of 1.1–2.1 µm and spectroscopy measurement of different materials with 7.5 nm spectral resolution is demonstrated and compared to a reference spectrometer.
Microshell Enhanced Acoustic Adjuvants for Immunotherapy in Glioblastoma
Authors: Wang James , Huang Chin‐Hsin , Echeagaray Oscar H. , Amirfakhri Siamak , Blair Sarah L. , Trogler William C. , Kummel Andrew C. , Chen Clark C. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA key challenge in immunotherapy for glioblastomas, the most common form of primary adult brain cancer, involves the paucity of immune‐stimulatory cells in its “cold” immune‐microenvironment. Herein, mechanical acoustic ablation focused by perfluorocarbon (PFC) liquid filled silica microshells is applied to induce immunogenicity via in situ ultrasonic lysis. The inert PFC filled ultra‐thin walled silica microshells promote mechanical ablation while aiding in ultrasound guidance. In the presence of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD‐1) blockade, tumor injury sites exhibit an increase in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) by 1–2 orders of magnitude. At least 75% of mice grafted with the advanced murine glioblastoma tumors achieve remission when treated with a combination of microshell enhanced ablation and PD‐1 blockade, which indicates a synergistic effect. In contrast, none of the mice treated with single therapies achieve durable remission. Likelihood of remission correlated with the abundance of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (p < 0.001) and IFN‐γ levels (p = 0.001). This study demonstrates a PFC filled ultrathin walled microshell enhanced ablation strategy that induces a “hot” immune‐microenvironment and augments efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade against advanced tumors.
Mechanistic and kinetic investigation of Cu(II)‐catalyzed controlled radical polymerization enabled by ultrasound irradiation
Authors: Bian Chao , Zhou Yin‐Ning , Luo Zheng‐Hong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractControlled radical polymerization (CRP) under external field has been an attractive research area in these years. In this work, a new electron transfer mechanism, that is, sonochemically induced electron transfer (SET) was introduced to mediate polymerization for the first time. The activator CuIX/L complex was (re)generated from CuIIX2/L in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) by the SET process in the presence of free ligand tris(2‐dimethylaminoethyl)amine (Me6TREN). The investigation of polymerization including the mechanistic insights and effect of experimental conditions on the rate of reaction has been undertaken. Kinetics of Cu(II)‐catalyzed CRPs via SET under different conditions (i.e., Me6TREN concentration, catalyst loading, targeted degree of polymerization, and sonication power) were conducted in an unprecedentedly controlled manner, yielding polymers with predetermined molar masses and low dispersities (Đ < 1.12). Attractively, the polymerization can be performed without the piezoelectric nanoparticles and exogenous reducing agent. Contamination by nonliving chains formed from sonochemically generated radicals is avoided as well. All of these results supported that Cu(II)‐based catalyst activation enabled by ultrasonication has a promising potential in scale‐up of CRP.
Exploratory analysis of genetic variants influencing molecular traits in cerebral cortex of suicide completers
Authors: Rodríguez‐López Mariana L. , Martínez‐Magaña José J. , Cabrera‐Mendoza Brenda , Genis‐Mendoza Alma D. , García‐Dolores Fernando , López‐Armenta Mauro , Flores Gonzalo , Vázquez‐Roque Rubén A. , Nicolini Humberto 
Published: August 2019

AbstractGenetic factors have been implicated in suicidal behavior. It has been suggested that one of the roles of genetic factors in suicide could be represented by the effect of genetic variants on gene expression regulation. Alteration in the expression of genes participating in multiple biological systems in the suicidal brain has been demonstrated, so it is imperative to identify genetic variants that could influence gene expression or its regulatory mechanisms. In this study, we integrated DNA methylation, gene expression, and genotype data from the prefrontal cortex of suicides to identify genetic variants that could be factors in the regulation of gene expression, generally called quantitative trait locus (xQTLs). We identify 6,224 methylation quantitative trait loci and 2,239 expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) in the prefrontal cortex of suicide completers. The xQTLs identified influence the expression of genes involved in neurodevelopment and cell organization. Two of the eQTLs identified (rs8065311 and rs1019238) were previously associated with cannabis dependence, highlighting a candidate genetic variant for the increased suicide risk in subjects with substance use disorders. Our findings suggest that genetic variants may regulate gene expression in the prefrontal cortex of suicides through the modulation of promoter and enhancer activity, and to a lesser extent, binding transcription factors.
A rigorous process modeling methodology for biomass fast pyrolysis with an entrained‐flow reactor
Authors: Caudle Benjamin H. , Gorensek Maximilian B. , Chen Chau‐Chyun 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA biomass fast pyrolysis model was developed for implementation in equation‐oriented modeling software. Based on a previous framework of coupled 1‐dimensional mass, momentum, and heat balance equations, this model includes updated reaction kinetics to provide a more detailed representation of biomass components, intermediates, and products. A recently published derivation of thermodynamic properties for the species in this model has allowed the energy balance around the pyrolysis reactor to be rigorously redefined. With these improvements, the optimum pyrolysis temperature for bio‐oil production predicted by the model is increased by up to 50°C, bringing it in line with experimental data and increasing the overall agreement. More importantly, the reactor energy balance is strictly enforced. The resulting model can be used for the design and optimization of biomass fast pyrolysis processes, and comparisons with other options for biomass utilization.
Fe (III)‐grafted Bi2MoO6 nanoplates for enhanced photocatalytic activities on tetracycline degradation and HMF oxidation
Authors: Xue Jinjuan , Huang Chengjuan , Zong Yuqing , Gu Jiandong , Wang Mingxin , Ma Shuaishuai 
Published: August 2019

Fe (III)‐grafted Bi2MoO6 nanoplates (Fe (III)/BMO) with varying small quantity of Fe (III) clusters modification were fabricated through a simple hydrothermal and impregnation process. The characterization results indicate that the modification of Fe (III) clusters on the surface of Bi2MoO6 nanoplates with intimate interfacial contact is beneficial to the expansion of visible light absorption range and the separation of photoinduced carriers during the interface charge transfer process. The photocatalytic properties of the samples were studied by degradation of tetracycline (TC) and selective aerobic oxidation of biomass‐derived chemical 5‐hydroxymethylfuraldehyde (HMF) under visible light. The 1.5 wt% Fe (III) clusters‐grafted Bi2MoO6 nanoplates exhibited optimum photocatalytic activity, which is the TC degradation kinetic rate constant is 5.3 times higher than that of bare BMO, and the highest HMF conversion of 32.62% can be obtained with a selectivity of 95.30%. Furthermore, a possible visible light photocatalysis mechanism over Fe (III)/BMO sample has been proposed. This study may supply some insight for the development of visible‐light‐driven Bi2MoO6‐based photocatalysts applicable to both environmental remediation and biomass‐derived chemical transformation.
Effects of space velocity on coking deactivation of HZSM‐5 in methanol to propylene
Authors: Yu Jing , Qian Feng , Wang Jiming 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe catalytic behavior of ZSM‐5 catalyst under different space velocities has been studied in methanol to propylene (MTP) reaction. The catalysts differed notably in deactivation behavior after the MTP conversion. This is ascribed to the difference in coke location, which was obtained via comparison of the difference in textural properties between the deactivated and regenerated catalysts and the thermogravimetric analysis of coke species. The catalyst deactivated in high space velocity showed a coke deposition on the outer surface of particle, whereas a coke distribution within the whole particle was observed for the catalyst deactivated in low space velocity. The diverging in coke location is arising from the different amount of CH provided by the methanol feeding in different space velocities, which resulted in the formation of different coke species.
Distribution of interface traps in Au/2% GC‐doped Ca3Co4Ga0.001Ox/n‐Si structures
Authors: Eroğlu Ayşe Gül , Yıldırım Mert , Durmuş Perihan , Dökme İlbilge 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTThis study presents voltage‐dependent profile of interface traps in Au/n‐Si structure with 2% graphene–cobalt‐doped Ca3Co4Ga0.001Oxinterfacial layer. Admittance measurements revealed capacitance‐voltage (C‐V) plots with typical regions of a metal–insulator–semiconductor structure through inversion, depletion, and accumulation regions. Frequency dispersion is observed in C‐V plots and such behavior was explained with excess capacitance, which is associated with the density of interface traps (Dit) in the structure because largerDitis observed when the measurements are held at low frequencies due to the fact that traps can follow the signal depending on their lifetime.Ditwas also obtained using conductance method, which also provided lifetime of the traps. The difference between the values ofDitwas attributed to the difference in extraction methods. Obtained results showed that Au/2% graphene–cobalt‐doped Ca3Co4Ga0.001Ox/n‐Si structure yields promising electrical characteristics when the structure is operated at high frequencies. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2020,137, 48399.
The evolution of the science of kangaroo (mother) care (skin‐to‐skin contact)
Authors: Kostandy Raouth R. , Ludington‐Hoe Susan M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn the early 1970s, researchers in Ohio, USA, investigated the effects of “Extra Contact” between mothers and their infants early after birth. The “Extra Contact” consisted of the skin‐to‐skin holding of the newborn infant on the mother's bare chest as soon as possible after birth. In the mid 1970s, Rey and Martinez in Bogota Colombia started investigating the same care method and they called it “Kangaroo Care” (KC). Infants are held upright, skin‐to‐skin on the mother's bare chest. KC, also referred to as Kangaroo Mother Care or Skin‐to‐Skin Contact, has been and continue to be investigated for its effects on a plethora of infant, maternal and family outcomes. Evolution of our understanding of the advantages of KC has dramatically changed the care of infants including at risk infants. This article provides a look at the past and present. It also provides insight on how we can shape the future to provide the optimal care for infants, mothers, and the whole family.
Determination of mycophenolic acid in human plasma by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry and its pharmacokinetic application in kidney transplant patients
Authors: Reséndiz‐Galván Juan Eduardo , Romano‐Aguilar Melissa , Medellín‐Garibay Susanna Edith , Milán‐Segovia Rosa del Carmen , Chevaile‐Ramos Alejandro , Romano‐Moreno Silvia 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTo implement and validate an analytical method by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC MS/MS) to quantify mycophenolic acid (MPA) in kidney transplant patients. Quantification of MPA was performed in an ACQUITY UPLC H Class system coupled to a Xevo TQD detector and it was extracted from plasma samples by protein precipitation. The chromatographic separation was achieved through an ACQUITY HSS C18 SB column with 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile (60:40 vol/vol) as mobile phase. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by non‐compartmental analysis of MPA plasma concentrations from 10 kidney transplant patients. The linear range for MPA quantification was 0.2–30 mg/L with a limit of detection of 0.07 mg/L; the mean extraction recovery was 99.99%. The mean intra‐ and inter‐day variability were 2.98% and 3.4% with a percentage of deviation of 8.4% and 6.6%, respectively. Mean maximal concentration of 10 mg/L at 1.5 h, area under the concentration–time curve of 36.8 mg·h/L, elimination half‐life of 3.9 h, clearance of 0.32 L/h/kg and volume of distribution of 1.65 L/kg were obtained from MPA pharmacokinetics profiles. A simple, fast and reliable UPLC–MS/MS method to quantify MPA in plasma was validated and has been applied for pharmacokinetic analysis in kidney transplant patients.
Headspace Solid Phase Microextraction Coupled to GC/MS for the Analysis of Volatiles of Honeys from Arid and Mediterranean Areas of Algeria
Authors: Neggad Abdelhamid , Benkaci‐Ali Farid , Alsafra Zouheir , Eppe Gauthier 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe volatile composition of seven honey samples collected from various regions of Algeria and feeding on different plants have been determined. The Headspace Solid‐Phase MicroExtraction (HS‐SPME) coupled with Gas Chromatography‐Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) was used to achieve the purpose. In this work, different parameters of the HS‐SPME analytical method were investigated in order to reach maximal sensitivity, and thus to obtain maximum information about the volatile profile of Algerian honey. These parameters include saline medium, HS extraction temperature, and the nature of the fiber used. The results showed a great diversity in the chemical composition, in total 124 compounds from different chemical classes were identified, including compounds found for the first time in honey. The Ascending Hierarchical Classification (AHC) demonstrated the importance of choosing SPME extraction conditions to find volatile compounds, which could be as specific markers of the floral or geographical origin of honey, the latter was optimized in the parameter PDMS‐55 °C.
Acute kidney injury in patients undergoing endovascular therapy for critical limb ischemia
Authors: Prasad Anand , Hughston Haley , Michalek Joel , Trevino Aron , Gupta Kamal , Martinez John P. , Hoang Dale T. , Wu Patrick B. , Banerjee Subhash , Masoomi Reza 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundSimilar to coronary angiography and interventions, patients undergoing percutaneous treatment of lower extremity peripheral arterial disease are also at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI). The incidence, risk factors associations, need for dialysis and inhospital mortality related to AKI in patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI) following endovascular therapy is poorly defined.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to analyze data from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) to determine the aforementioned outcomes in patients with CLI.MethodsUsing the full NIS admission dataset from 2003 through 2012, ICD‐9 codes relevant to comorbid conditions, procedure codes, composite codes for AKI, and inhospital mortality were analyzed using multivariate models.ResultsA total of 273,624 patients were included with a mean age of 70.0 ± 27.4 years, 46.0% were female, 57.2% had diabetes, 43.4% had coronary artery disease (CAD), and 29.2% had chronic kidney disease (CKD). The overall rate of AKI was 10.4%, and there was a temporal rise over the analysis period in AKI incidence (p < .001). Age, diabetes, CKD, and heart failure were all associated with AKI (p < .0001). The inhospital mortality rate in the patients with AKI declined over time but was higher than in patients without AKI (6.0% vs. 1.4%), p < .0001. The mortality rate was substantially higher in patients with AKI requiring dialysis as compared to AKI not requiring dialysis (13.4% vs. 5.6%), p < .0001.ConclusionsAKI is associated with age, CKD, and heart failure. The incidence of AKI following endovascular therapy for CLI is rising and independently associated with inhospital mortality.
Impact of diastolic dysfunction on long‐term mortality and quality of life after transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Authors: Anantha‐Narayanan Mahesh , Malik Umair , Mbai Mackenzi , Megaly Michael , Florea Viorel , Sharma Alok , Cavalcante João L. , Garcia Santiago 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundThere is conflicting data as to whether diastolic dysfunction (DD) affects the prognosis of patients with aortic stenosis (AS) undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).MethodsConsecutive patients undergoing TAVR underwent assessment of DD with preoperative echocardiography and NT‐pro BNP. Long‐term survival was ascertained every 6 months by clinic visits or phone. DD was graded according to the new American Society of Echocardiography recommendations. Health status was assessed at baseline and 30 days post‐procedure using the KCCQ‐12 questionnaire. Long‐term survival was displayed using Kaplan–Meier curves according to NT‐pro BNP levels and DD grades.ResultsWe included 222 patients, mean age 78 (±8) years, median STS score 4 (interquartile range = 3–7), median follow‐up time 385 days (IQR = 180–640). DD was absent in 25, Grade I in 13, Grade II in 74, Grade III in 24, and indeterminate in 86 patients. Advanced (Grades II–III) DD was associated with higher pre‐procedural NT‐pro BNP levels (p < .001), worse quality of life (p < .001) but similar surgical risk (p = .43). Advanced and indeterminate DD were associated with increased long‐term mortality (25–28% vs. 5%, p = .02) and elevated NT‐pro BNP levels (26.4% vs. 9.8%, p = .05). Improvements in quality of life measures were seen in all DD groups (median change in KCCQ score no or Grade I DD:14 [3–21] vs. Grades II–III DD: 15 [16–26; p = .37]).ConclusionPreoperative NT‐pro BNP levels and echocardiographic indices of indeterminate or advanced DD are associated with increased long‐term mortality after TAVR but similar improvements in quality of life.
Effects of flour quality and drying rates controlled by temperature, air circulation, and relative humidity on the quality of dried white‐salted noodles
Authors: Moon Yujin , Kim Kyeong Hoon , Kweon Meera 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackground and objectivesThe production and consumption of dried white‐salted noodles in Korea are higher than that of fresh white‐salted noodles. Flour quality and appropriate drying conditions are essential to produce high‐quality dried noodles. This study aimed to scientifically explore the impact of flour quality and the drying rate, which was controlled by varying the temperature and relative humidity and applying air circulation, on the quality of dried white‐salted noodles.FindingsIncreasing the drying rate by increasing the temperature or applying air circulation/ventilation caused more severe cracks in all the dried white‐salted noodles made from three flours with different ash contents. The noodles dried at 30°C without applying air circulation and those dried using a stepwise drying procedure with controlled relative humidity showed no cracks and remained intact after cooking.ConclusionsDrying rate was more critical than flour quality to produce noodles with desirable attributes. The application of air circulation is not recommended, even at 30°C, as micro‐cracks form due to internal stress.Significance and noveltyThe negative effect of accelerated drying using increased temperature and circulating air on the quality of dried and cooked white‐salted noodles was reported scientifically for the first time.
A novel technique to retrieve cold‐welded implant abutment: A case series
Authors: Arshad Mahnaz , Mahgoli Hossein Ali , Rasouli Kamran , Refoua Sina 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAbutment fracture is a complication of dental implant treatment. When an abutment breaks, the remaining part should be retrieved without damaging the implant hex. In many cases, the implant‐abutment connection is cold‐welded, which makes it difficult to remove the remaining part. The aim of the present study was to describe a simple technique to retrieve the remaining part of a broken abutment.
Pd‐Catalyzed Surface Reactions of Importance in Radiation Induced Dissolution of Spent Nuclear Fuel Involving H2
Authors: Maier Annika Carolin , Jonsson Mats 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTo assess the influence of metallic inclusions (ϵ‐particles) on the dissolution of spent nuclear fuel under deep repository conditions, Pd‐catalyzed reactions of H2O2, O2 and UO22+ with H2 were studied using Pd‐powder suspensions. U(VI) can efficiently be reduced to less soluble U(IV) on Pd‐particles in the presence of H2. The kinetics of the reaction was found to depend on the H2 partial pressure at pH2≤5.1×10−2 bar. In comparison, the H2 pressure dependence for the reduction of H2O2 on Pd also becomes evident below 5.1×10−2 bar. Surface bound hydroxyl radicals are formed as intermediate species produced during the catalytic decomposition of H2O2 on oxide surfaces. While a significant amount of surface bound hydroxyl radicals were scavenged during the catalytic decomposition of H2O2 on ZrO2, no scavenging was observed in the same reaction on Pd. This indicates a different reaction mechanism for H2O2 decomposition on Pd compared to metal oxides and is in contrast to current literature. While Pd is an excellent catalyst for the synthesis of H2O2 from H2 and O2, a similar catalytic activity that was previously proposed for ZrO2 could not be confirmed.
The Role of Non‐Metallic and Metalloid Elements on the Electrocatalytic Activity of Cobalt and Nickel Catalysts for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Masa Justus , Schuhmann Wolfgang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCompounds and alloys of cobalt and nickel with some nonmetals (N, P, S, Se) and metalloids (C, B, C, As and Te) have emerged as very promising noble metal‐free pre‐catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline electrolytes. However, the exact role played by the non‐metals and metalloids in promoting the OER is not well understood. A holistic understanding of the origin of the OER activity enhancement in these compounds is vital for their exploitation as models to inspire knowledge‐guided design of improved OER catalysts. In this review, we elucidate the factors that govern the activity and stability of OER catalysts derived from MX compounds (M=Co or Ni, and X=nonmetal or metalloid), including the impact of surface electronic structure, M : X stoichiometry, material composition, structure and crystallinity, as well as the role of oxoanions on the properties of the electrochemical double layer and interaction energies of the reaction intermediates. Finally, we outline a few perspectives and research directions towards a deeper understanding of the role of the nonmetal and metalloid elements and design of improved OER catalysts.