bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Method for Introducing Zeolites and MCM-41 into Polypropylene Melt-Blown Nonwovens
Authors: Brochocka Agnieszka , Zagawa Aleksandra , Panek Rafał , Madej Jarosław , Franus Wojciech 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
In this work, a method for introducing zeolites and mesoporous siliceous materials into the melt-blown process for the production of polypropylene nonwovens was developed and the functional materials obtained were tested. Both types of additives were introduced in the melt-blown technology using a device placed in the duct of the die assembly. Nine types of polypropylene melt-blown nonwovens were made with different types of zeolites (clinoptilolite, Na-X, Na-A, Na-P1, sodalite, Na-P1 with hexadecyl trimethylammonium bromide (HDTMA), ZeoEco 20, and BioZeo R.01) or mesoporous silica material (Mobil Composition of Matter No. 41, abbreviated as MCM-41). The nonwovens were studied in terms of protective and functional parameters: sodium chloride and paraffin oil mist aerosol penetration, airflow resistance, and sorption capacity for toluene, ammonia, acetone, and cyclohexane, in accordance with the requirements of the European standards concerning respiratory protective equipment. The tests showed that zeolites and MCM-41 can be successfully incorporated within the structure of elementary polymer fibers using an environmentally friendly “dry” melt-blown technology with nonwovens modified so as to impart multiple functionalities in one integrated technological process. The developed method of introducing the studied materials to polypropylene melt-blown nonwovens led to the production of new multipurpose materials with good protective and functional properties. The best polypropylene nonwovens were produced with the addition of 250 g/m2 of MCM-41 or Na-P1 zeolite modified with HDTMA.
Mr Bean exits the garage driving or does he drive out of the garage? Bidirectional transfer in the expression of Path
Authors: Muñoz Meritxell , Cadierno Teresa 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis paper examines bidirectional transfer between L1 English and L2 Spanish in the motion domain, both in boundary crossing [BC] and non-boundary crossing [NBC] situations. It focuses on the semantic component of Path. Furthermore, it examines whether learners’ proficiency has an impact on the degree of cross-linguistic influence [CLI] between their L1 and L2. An experimental study was conducted with five groups of informants: an English monolingual group, a Spanish monolingual group and three groups of L1 English learners of L2 Spanish. The findings support the existence of bidirectional transfer. The three groups of learners exhibited L1 typological patterns when retelling motion events in L2: (a) they used fewer path verbs than the monolingual Spanish group in BC and NBC; (b) they produced examples of satellites encoding the Path in BC and NBC; and (c) they expressed event conflation with one main verb in BC. In addition, the L2 influenced the L1, although this influence was restricted to learners with higher levels of L2 proficiency who used more path verbs than the monolingual English group. These results provide evidence for the role of bidirectional transfer in second language acquisition.
Spillover Mechanisms in the WIC Infant Formula Rebate Program
Authors: Rojas Christian A. , Wei Hongli 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This paper explores the WIC infant formula rebate program, which awards a single-source contract to the firm that offers the lowest net bid price. We study spillover mechanisms derived from instances when an infant formula manufacturer displaces another as a WIC supplier. The analysis compares three types of product segments: infant formula (where WIC is the main player), non-WIC infant formula, and toddler formula. We find that, immediately after the contract displacement, there is a significant increase in market share for all three types of formula for the winning manufacturer and that this effect increases overtime. These market share effects are likely explained by greater shelf space, better product placement, and the advantages of carrying WIC labels, as well as by a combined impact of recommendations from physicians and WIC participants. More interestingly, we observe that winning manufacturers increase the price of WIC and non-WIC infant formula over time. Back-of-the-envelope calculations show that the profit that the WIC-contract manufacturer derives from these spillovers in other product segments more than dominates the losses associated to selling the WIC product below cost. We also discuss the implications that the spillover effects have on displaced (former WIC) manufacturers.
The effect of plasticity on damage evolution using a relaxation-based material model
Authors: Schwarz Stephan , Hackl Klaus , Junker Philipp 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
As damage occurs in the context of high stresses that are also related to the presence of plastic strains, it is natural to investigate the effect of plasticity on damage evolution and to thus achieve a more realistic model. In this work, the existing and new damage model presented in [Junker P, Schwarz S, Makowski J, Hackl K. Continuum Mech. Therm. 2017, 29 (1), 291–310] is enhanced with plasticity and isotropic hardening. The damage model is based on a relaxation-based approach and does not require additional complex regularization techniques besides considering viscous effects. The benefit of the model are mesh-independent results for the rate-dependent case, even without considering, e.g. gradient terms for mathematical regularization. The enhancement with plasticity and isotropic hardening was investigated for a representative volume element that considerd a damaging matrix material and non-damaging hard precipitates. Two different loading types, pure tension and pure shear, yielded the homogenized stress/strain response for the material at various loading rates. Hereto, several finite discretizations in terms of finite-element meshes were used. The results underline the mesh-independence for physically reasonable loading rates and viscosities.
Optoelectronic Scheme for Generation of Time Bound Low-Frequency Electronic Signal Using Multi-Passing of Light
Authors: Sarkar Baishali , Mukhopadhyay Sourangshu 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Linear electro-optic effect or Pockels effect is not only a very effective way to control the intensity or phase of a propagating radiation but it can also be used to generate a low-frequency electronic signal. Low-frequency electronic signal is useful in many real-world applications like bio-medical, signal processing, gravitational wave detection, etc. In this paper, the authors proposed a scheme for generation of time bound low-frequency electronic signal using multi-passing scheme of light through a Pockels cell with sawtooth electrical biasing. The Pockels cell is used in an amplitude modulation scheme.
Interspecies Identification in Nature Observations: Modal Expressions and Open Reference Constructions with Non-Human Animate Reference in Finnish
Authors: Peltola Rea 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This paper deals with the intermediate position of non-human animates on semantic prominence scales and illustrates the complexity and the context-driven aspect of linguistic animacy. The focus is on deontic and dynamic modals, as well as the zero person and passive constructions, in Finnish. These types of structures have been described as reserved for human reference. The corpus of this study is collected from a radio program where listeners call in to present questions arising from their nature observations. It consists of 263 occurrences of modal and open reference constructions with non-human animate reference. The paper aims to determine the properties that make non-human animates acceptable referents in the constructions under study and shows that prioritizing human reference is not a grammatical property of these constructions. Rather, they encode shared intersubjective, interspecies experience. Seeking to understand the behavior of the other animate being, speakers display recognition of non-human beings’ concerns and interests: they use linguistic constructions that engage them and all other interlocutors as potential participants of the situation, even when the situation described is not typical of humans. The nonhuman animates’ capacities, environment and life span are unfamiliar to the interlocutors and motivate their questions and explanations, but there are physical states and processes as well as mental experiences common to all animates that allow for the interlocutors to adopt the non-human viewpoint.
Investigating the structural chemistry of organotin(IV) compounds: recent advances
Authors: Rabiee Navid , Safarkhani Moein , Amini Mostafa M. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Organotin(IV) compounds have been considered for their outstanding industrial, medical and specific applications in the synthesis of various types of chemical compounds. In this review, we have focused on the structural chemistry of organotin(IV) compounds, including coordination chemistry, the effect of structure on reactions, bond formations from the perspective of structure and investigation of the structure of organotin(IV) compounds in different phases. The structural chemistry of organotin(IV) compounds is subject to interest due to their major impact on predicting the properties and drumming up support for pushing back the frontiers of synthesis of organotin(IV) compounds with advanced properties.
Russlands Nuklearstrategie gegenüber Europa – wie organisiert man Abschreckung gegen Deeskalation mit nuklearen Schlägen?
Authors: Kroenig Matthew 
Published: December 2018

Zusammenfassung
Wie können die Vereinigten Staaten und ihre NATO-Verbündeten russische nukleare Deeskalationsangriffe abschrecken? Die russische Nuklearstrategie fordert im Fall eines Konflikts mit der NATO den frühzeitigen Einsatz von Kernwaffen, mit dem Ziel, westliche Regierungen dazu zu zwingen, um Frieden zu ersuchen, oder aber eine weitere, potenziell katastrophale nukleare Eskalation zu riskieren. Viele westliche Wissenschaftler und Analytiker haben diese Drohung erkannt, aber bislang ist keine klare Abschreckungsstrategie dagegen formuliert worden. Dieser Aufsatz analysiert potenzielle Strategien zur Abschreckung russischer nuklearer „Deeskalationsschläge“ und zur Vereitelung russischer nuklearer Zwangsmittelandrohung. Er vertritt die These, die NATO müsse Russland davon überzeugen, dass jeder nukleare Schlag nicht zu einer Deeskalation, sondern zu einer weiteren nuklearen Eskalation führen werde. Anders gesagt, die USA müssen damit drohen, auf russische nukleare Deeskalationsschläge hart und glaubwürdig zu reagieren, und Russland klarmachen, dass dies auch einen begrenzten nuklearen Vergeltungsschlag einschließen könnte.
Bioflavonoids protect cells against halogenated boroxine-induced genotoxic damage by upregulation ofhTERTexpression
Authors: Hadzic Maida , Haveric Sanin , Haveric Anja , Lojo-Kadric Naida , Galic Borivoj , Ramic Jasmin , Pojskic Lejla 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPlant bioflavonoids are widely present in the human diet and have various protective properties. In this study, we have demonstrated the capacity of delphinidin and luteolin to increase human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) expression level and act as protective agents against halogenated boroxine-induced genotoxic damage. Halogenated boroxine K2(B3O3F4OH) (HB), is a novel compound with potential for the treatment of both benign and malignant skin changes. In vivo and in vitro studies have confirmed the inhibitory effects of HB on carcinoma cell proliferation and cell cycle progression as well as enzyme inhibition. However, minor genotoxic effects of HB are registered in higher applied concentrations, but those can be suppressed by in vitro addition of delphinidin and luteolin in appropriate concentrations. Fresh peripheral blood samples were cultivated for 72 h followed by independent and concomitant treatments of HB with luteolin or delphinidin. We analyzed the differences in relativehTERTexpression between series of treatments compared with controls, which were based on normalized ratios with housekeeping genes. The obtained results have shown that selected bioflavonoids induce upregulation ofhTERTthat may contribute to the repair of genotoxic damage in vitro.
Jabr Omar, professor de Economia. Uma trajetória entre o Brasil, a Palestina e o Canadá.
Authors: Cerqueira Fábio Vergara , Stefan Guilherme 
Published: December 2018

Entrevista com o professor Jabr Omar, economista, diretor do Centro de Integração do Mercosul e docente do curso de Relações Internacionais, do qual foi idealizador e criador. Liderança na comunidade palestina, integrou a Secretaria Geral da Confederação Palestina da América Latina e do Caribe (COPLAC), por quase 25 anos. Nascido na Palestina, fez sua formação superior na Jordânia (graduação) e Canadá (mestrado e doutorado). O professor responde conversa sobre sua trajetória, sobre suas experiência no Canadá como estudante. Entre outros temas, fala sobre o Canadá, suas universidades, multiculturalismo, política externa e política de imigração; e sobre a comunidade palestina, no Brasil, na América Latina e no Canadá.
Motor Cortex Excitability Reflects the Subjective Value of Reward and Mediates Its Effects on Incentive-Motivated Performance
Authors: Galaro Joseph K. , Celnik Pablo , Chib Vikram S. 
Published: December 2018

Performance-based incentives tend to increase an individual's motivation, resulting in enhancements in behavioral output. While much work has focused on understanding how the brain's reward circuitry influences incentive-motivated performance, fewer studies have investigated how such reward representations act on the motor system. Here we measured motor cortical excitability with transcranial magnetic stimulation while female and male human participants performed a motoric incentive motivation task for prospective monetary gains and losses. We found that individuals' performance increased for increasing prospective gains and losses. While motor cortical excitability appeared insensitive to prospective loss, temporal features of motor cortical excitability for prospective gains were modulated by an independent measure of an individual's subjective preferences for incentive (i.e., loss aversion). Those individuals that were more loss averse had a greater motor cortical sensitivity to prospective gain, closer to movement onset. Critically, behavioral sensitivity to incentive and motor cortical sensitivity to prospective gains were both predicted by loss aversion. Furthermore, causal modeling indicated that motor cortical sensitivity to incentive mediated the relationship between subjective preferences for incentive and behavioral sensitivity to incentive. Together, our findings suggest that motor cortical activity integrates information about the subjective value of reward to invigorate incentive-motivated performance.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIncreasing incentives tend to increase motivation and effort. Using a motoric incentive motivation task and transcranial magnetic stimulation, we studied the motor cortical mechanisms responsible for incentive-motivated motor performance. We provide experimental evidence that motor cortical sensitivity to incentive mediates the relationship between subjective preferences for incentive and incentive-motivated performance. These results indicate that, rather than simply being a reflection of motor output, motor cortical physiology integrates information about reward value to motivate performance.
Glucose Signaling Is Connected to Chromosome Segregation Through Protein Kinase A Phosphorylation of the Dam1 Kinetochore Subunit inSaccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Shah Sameer B , Parmiter David , Constantine Christian , Elizalde Paul , Naldrett Michael , Karpova Tatiana S , Choy John S 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPrior studies have suggested a role for the major glucose signaling Ras/ Protein Kinase A (PKA) pathway in kinetochore function and chromosome segregation, but with no clear mechanism. Here, Shah et al. show that PKA...The Dam1 complex is an essential component of the outer kinetochore that mediates attachments between spindle microtubules and chromosomes. Dam1p, a subunit of the Dam1 complex, binds to microtubules and is regulated by Aurora B/Ipl1p phosphorylation. We find that overexpression of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) catalytic subunits (i.e., TPK1, TPK2, TPK3) is lethal in DAM1 mutants and increases the rate of chromosome loss in wild-type cells. Replacing an evolutionarily conserved PKA site (S31) in Dam1p with a nonphosphorylatable alanine suppressed the high-copy PKA dosage lethality in dam1-1. Consistent with Dam1p as a target of PKA, we find that in vitro PKA can directly phosphorylate S31 in Dam1p and we observed phosphorylation of S31 in Dam1p purified from asynchronously growing yeast cells. Cells carrying high-copy TPK2 or a Dam1p phospho-mimetic S31D mutant displayed a reduction in Dam1p localization at the kinetochore, suggesting that PKA phosphorylation plays a role in assembly and/or stability of the Dam1 complex. Furthermore, we observed spindle defects associated with S31 phosphorylation. Finally, we find that phosphorylation of Dam1p on S31 is reduced when glucose is limiting as well as during α-factor arrest, conditions that inhibit PKA activity. These observations suggest that the PKA site of Dam1p participates in regulating kinetochore activity. While PKA is a well-established effector of glucose signaling, our work shows for the first time that glucose-dependent PKA activity has an important function in chromosome segregation.
Postdischarge Mortality Prediction in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Madrid Lola , Casellas Aina , Sacoor Charfudin , Quintó Llorenç , Sitoe Antonio , Varo Rosauro , Acácio Sozinho , Nhampossa Tacilta , Massora Sergio , Sigaúque Betuel , Mandomando Inacio , Cousens Simon , Menéndez Clara , Alonso Pedro , Macete Eusebio , Bassat Quique 
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND:
Although the burden of postdischarge mortality (PDM) in low-income settings appears to be significant, no clear recommendations have been proposed in relation to follow-up care after hospitalization. We aimed to determine the burden of pediatric PDM and develop predictive models to identify children who are at risk for dying after discharge.

METHODS:
Deaths after hospital discharge among children aged &lt;15 years in the last 17 years were reviewed in an area under demographic and morbidity surveillance in Southern Mozambique. We determined PDM over time (up to 90 days) and derived predictive models of PDM using easily collected variables on admission.

RESULTS:
Overall PDM was high (3.6%), with half of the deaths occurring in the first 30 days. One primary predictive model for all ages included young age, moderate or severe malnutrition, a history of diarrhea, clinical pneumonia symptoms, prostration, bacteremia, having a positive HIV status, the rainy season, and transfer or absconding, with an area under the curve of 0.79 (0.75–0.82) at day 90 after discharge. Alternative models for all ages including simplified clinical predictors had a similar performance. A model specific to infants &lt;3 months old was used to identify as predictors being a neonate, having a low weight-for-age z score, having breathing difficulties, having hypothermia or fever, having oral candidiasis, and having a history of absconding or transfer to another hospital, with an area under the curve of 0.76 (0.72–0.91) at day 90 of follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS:
Death after discharge is an important although poorly recognized contributor to child mortality. A simple predictive algorithm based on easily recognizable variables could readily be used to identify most infants and children who are at a high risk of dying after discharge.
Supplementary material Article 65677. Tooth row variation in tadpoles of Dendropsophus labialis (Anura: Hylidae: Dendropsophini) and the evolution of oral morphology in the genus
Authors: Ballen Gustavo A. 
Published: December 2018

Appendix S1.1. Dataset for embryos (GS 25 or younger) and referenced as “embryos.csv” in the script.Appendix S1.2. Dataset for larvae (GS 25 or older) and referenced as “larvae.csv” in the script.Appendix S2.1. iter.cor.test.R function needed for the analysis script. Written in R.Appendix S2.2. ontogeny.R script for carrying out the analyses.Appendix S3. Species of Dendropsophus and references describing oral morphology.
Ball characterizations in spaces of constant curvature
Authors: Jerónimo-Castro Jesus , Makai, Jr. Endre 
Published: December 2018

High proved the following theorem. If the intersections of any two congruent copies of a plane convex body are centrally symmetric, then this body is a circle. In our paper we extend the theorem of High to spherical, Euclidean and hyperbolic spaces, under some regularity assumptions. Suppose that in any of these spaces there is a pair of closed convex sets of class C+2 with interior points, different from the whole space, and the intersections of any congruent copies of these sets are centrally symmetric (provided they have non-empty interiors). Then our sets are congruent balls. Under the same hypotheses, but if we require only central symmetry of small intersections, then our sets are either congruent balls, or paraballs, or have as connected components of their boundaries congruent hyperspheres (and the converse implication also holds).
Under the same hypotheses, if we require central symmetry of all compact intersections, then either our sets are congruent balls or paraballs, or have as connected components of their boundaries congruent hyperspheres, and either d ≥ 3, or d = 2 and one of the sets is bounded by one hypercycle, or both sets are congruent parallel domains of straight lines, or there are no more compact intersections than those bounded by two finite hypercycle arcs (and the converse implication also holds).
We also prove a dual theorem. If in any of these spaces there is a pair of smooth closed convex sets, such that both of them have supporting spheres at any of their boundary points Sd for Sd of radius less than π/2- and the closed convex hulls of any congruent copies of these sets are centrally symmetric, then our sets are congruent balls.