bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low‐order stabilized finite element for the full Biot formulation in soil mechanics at finite strain
Authors: Monforte Lluís , Navas Pedro , Carbonell Josep Maria , Arroyo Marcos , Gens Antonio 
Published: February 2019

SummaryThis article presents a novel finite element formulation for the Biot equation using low‐order elements. Additionally, an extra degree of freedom is introduced to treat the volumetric locking steaming from the effective response of the medium; its balance equation is also stabilized. The accuracy of the proposed formulation is demonstrated by means of numerical analyses.
Enhanced antifouling and anticoagulant properties of grafted biomolecule polyethersulfone membranes
Authors: Alenazi Noof Ali , Alamry Khalid Ahmad , Hussein Mahmoud Ali , Elfaky Mahmoud Abdelkhalek , Asiri Abdullah Mohamed 
Published: February 2019

Polyethersulfone (PES) has been widely used in membrane technology and used to purify water in water treatments application or as a dialyzer to purify blood in hemodialysis. In this work, PES was chemically modified by separately grafting two biomolecules, 4‐aminobenzenesulfonamide (ABS), and 4‐amino‐N‐(5‐methylisoxazol‐3‐yl)benzenesulfonamide (AMBS), on PES backbone, and these modified membranes were blended to unmodified PES, in 1:1 ratio, in order to obtain PES‐b‐PES‐ABS and PES‐b‐PES‐AMBS membranes. The first aim of this study is to measure the anticoagulant properties of the modified membrane by measuring the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT). The second aim of the study is to evaluate the antifouling properties of the modified PES membranes by examining its antimicrobial activity against two Gram‐negative bacteria, which are Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) and Escherichia coli (E. coli); two Gram‐positive bacteria, which are Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus); and a fungus, which is Candida albicans (C. albicans). The results showed that grafting of ABS and AMBS improved overall the hydrophilicity properties of the modified PES membranes. PES‐b‐PES‐ABS membranes showed better anticoagulant properties with 13 seconds for PT and 38 seconds for APPT, in comparison with the control sample (pure plasma), which showed 12 seconds for PT and 30 seconds for APPT. For antimicrobial tests, both PES‐b‐PES‐ABS and PES‐b‐PES‐AMBS membranes did not show any antibacterial activity, but when zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were added to the modified PES membranes in concentrations between 3% to 5% w/w, PES‐b‐PES‐ABS‐ZnO (M‐4 and M‐5), and PES‐b‐PES‐AMBS‐ZnO (M‐8 and M‐9) nanocomposite membranes showed antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus.
Cutaneous reactions to targeted therapies in children with CNS tumors: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Song Hannah , Zhong Connie S. , Kieran Mark W. , Chi Susan N. , Wright Karen D. , Huang Jennifer T. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundMAPK (RAS–RAF–MEK–ERK–MAP) and mTOR inhibitors are novel treatments for pediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumors. The literature on common cutaneous adverse reactions to these therapies is sparse in the pediatric population. The aim of this study was to describe common cutaneous adverse reactions to BRAF, MEK, and mTOR inhibitors in children with CNS tumors.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, patients younger than 21 years of age receiving BRAF, MEK, and mTOR inhibitor monotherapy for a CNS tumor were enrolled over a one‐year period. Full body skin examination, photographs of dermatologic findings, and initial treatment recommendations were included at the initial visit, and follow‐up skin examinations were recommended every three months.ResultsTwenty‐two patients were enrolled in the study. Fifty percent (11/22) received trametinib, a MEK inhibitor, 27.3% (6/22) received dabrafenib, a BRAF inhibitor, and 22.7% (5/22) received everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor. Median age at visit was 11 years (range, 3–19). Median time from treatment initiation to skin examination was 4.5 months (range, 0–43). Ninety‐six percent (21/22) of all patients had at least one skin reaction. The most common reactions across treatment groups included follicular/acneiform eruptions and xerosis. Two patients on MEK inhibitors and one patient on a BRAF inhibitor required therapy cessation due to severe cutaneous reactions.ConclusionsCutaneous reactions to targeted anticancer therapy in children are common, treatable, and rarely require drug dose reduction or discontinuation. Routine surveillance and early intervention may improve quality of life and facilitate continuation of life‐saving therapy.
Tracking alterations of alkyl side chains of N1 species in heavy crude oil after anaerobic biodegradation with negative‐ion electrospray ionization coupled with high‐field Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry
Authors: Su Sanbao , Dong Hao , Yu Gaoming , Hou Dujie , Shi Quan , Banat Ibrahim M. , Wang Zhengliang , Gu Yong'an , Zhang Fan , She Yuehui 
Published: March 2019

RationaleHeteroatomic compounds are relatively abundant and believed to be bio‐resistant in heavy crude oils. However, few studies have focused on the biodegradation of these heteroatomic compounds.MethodsHeteroatoms, especially N1 species, in a blank crude oil and in three treated oils co‐incubated with anaerobic sulfate‐reducing bacteria, nitrate‐reducing bacteria and fermentative consortia cultures were detected using negative‐ion electrospray ionization coupled with high‐field Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry.ResultsThe relative abundance of N1 species in the three treated oils decreased, while the relative abundance of O2 species increased. Remarkably, the relative abundances of N1 species with low carbon number increased and those with higher carbon number decreased.ConclusionsThese results revealed that the anaerobic biodegradations of heavy crude oil occurred. With direct evidences, the degradations of alkyl side chains of N1 species by the anaerobic microbes could be deduced.
Debunking myths about sustainable remediation
Authors: Smith Jonathan W. N. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractSustainable remediation concepts have evolved during the decade 2007–2017. From the establishment of the first Sustainable Remediation forum (SURF) in 2007, to publication of ASTM and ISO standards by 2017. Guidance has been developed around the world to reflect local regulatory systems, and much has been learned in applying sustainability assessment to contaminated site management projects. In the best examples, significant improvements in project sustainability have been delivered, including concurrent reduction of the environmental footprint of the remediation program, improved social performance, and cost savings and/or value creation. The initial advocates for the concept of sustainable remediation were quickly supported by early adopters who saw its potential to improve the remediation industry's performance, but they also had to overcome some inertia and scepticism from other parties. During the debates and discussions that occurred at numerous international conferences and SURF workshops around the world, various opinions were formed and positions stated. Some proved to be correct, others not so. With the recent publication of ISO Standard 18504 and the benefit of a decade's‐worth of hindsight on sustainable remediation programs implementation and project delivery, this paper summarizes a number of myths and misunderstandings that have been stated regarding sustainable remediation and seeks to debunk them. Sustainable remediation assessment shows us how to manage unacceptable risks to human health and the environment in the best, that is to say the most sustainable, way. It provides the contaminated land management industry a framework to incorporate sustainable development principles into remediation projects and deliver significant value for affected parties and society more broadly. In dispelling some myths about sustainable remediation set out in this paper, it is hoped that consistent application of ISO18504/SuRF‐UK (or equivalently robust guidance) will facilitate even wider use of sustainable remediation around the world.
Robust time‐varying formation control for multiple underwater vehicles subject to nonlinearities and uncertainties
Authors: Liu Hao , Lyu Yafei , Lewis Frank L. , Wan Yan 
Published: March 2019

SummaryThis paper addresses the robust formation control problem for multiple autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) to achieve the desired formation trajectory and time‐varying formation pattern and to align the vehicle attitudes. The dynamics of each AUV system involves parameter variations, nonlinear dynamics, and external disturbances. A robust distributed formation control protocol is developed based on the graph theory and the robust compensation theory. It is proven that the tracking errors of the global uncertain system can converge into a given neighborhood of the origin in a finite time. Simulation results substantiate the effectiveness of the developed formation control method for multiple AUVs subject to nonlinearities and uncertainties.
Identities, interests, and preferences matter: Fostering sustainable community development by building assets and agency in western Kenya
Authors: Fuchs Lisa Elena , Peters Brianne , Neufeldt Henry 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe efficiency and sustainability of climate change adaptation projects depend on appropriate models and tools to take climate‐smart practices to scale. This paper presents the “Building assets and agency” approach taken by the Accelerating Adoption of Agroforestry project whose objective is to scale the adoption of context‐specific adaptation and mitigation options. Through the approach, communities are encouraged to identify, mobilise, and use their existing assets to define community plans that are responsive to their identities, interests, and preferences. This innovative approach combines conscious selection of project staff and partners, group capacity and agency training, cocreation of skills in self‐selected agricultural practices with an emphasis on business skills, and tools for sustainable scaling through farmer‐to‐farmer extension. The paper addresses challenges and solutions, and case study data justifying proof of concept. While developed in a climate change context, and being sensitive to a number of factors, the approach can support effective, efficient, and socially appropriate action in any sector.
Synergistic Catalysis of Ag(I) and Organo‐N‐heterocyclic Carbenes: One‐Pot Synthesis of New Anticancer Spirooxindole‐1,4‐dihydropyridines
Authors: Balaboina Ramesh , Thirukovela Narasimha Swamy , Kankala Shravankumar , Balasubramanian Sridhar , Bathula Surendar Reddy , Vadde Ravinder , Jonnalagadda Sreekantha B , Vasam Chandra Sekhar 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAg(I)/organo‐NHC catalyst pair (Lewis acidic/basic) delivered from labile Ag(I)‐NHC complex in ethanol has shown synergistic effect to catalyze the one‐pot four‐component reaction of isatins, malononitrile, cyclic ketones and ammonium acetate to produce new series of spirooxindole‐1,4‐dihydropyridine scaffolds. Carbene trapping from pre‐synthesized Ag(I)‐NHC in the form of zwitterionic CS2‐NHC adduct in ethanol provides evidence for the proposed synergistic catalysis. Besides, preliminary results of anticancer activity of these new spirooxindole‐1,4‐dihydropyridines are also presented.
Initial validation of the dyadic coping inventory for financial stress
Authors: Falconier Mariana K. , Rusu Petruta P. , Bodenmann Guy 
Published: March 2019

AbstractFinancial stress can have a detrimental impact on a couple's relationship but there is no validated instrument to assess the way couples cope with financial stress. This study sought to validate the Dyadic Coping Inventory for Financial Strain (DCIFS), an adaptation of the Dyadic Coping Inventory to financial stressors, with self‐report data collected from 132 heterosexual couples seeking couple and/or family therapy services. Confirmatory Factor Analysis results supported a 23‐item version consisting of the following subscales for both men and women: Stress Communication by Oneself and by Partner; Emotion and Problem‐Focused Supportive Dyadic Coping (DC) by Oneself and by Partner; Negative DC by Oneself and by Partner; Emotion and Problem‐Focused Common DC; and Evaluation of DC (Chi‐square test: Men: χ2(175) = 310.11,p = 0.00; Women: χ2(175) = 242.88,p = 0.00. Results also supported the hypothesized factorial structure for the aggregated subscales of DC by Oneself and by Partner as well as the discriminant, predictive, and convergent validity of the DCIFS. Findings associated with the Stress Communication subscales suggest that this DC dimension may behave differently depending on the type of stressor. Further studies should be conducted to replicate the DCIFS factorial structure with longitudinal data from couples not seeking couple or family therapy.
Lattice Structure and Bandgap Control of 2D GaN Grown on Graphene/Si Heterostructures
Authors: Wang Wenliang , Li Yuan , Zheng Yulin , Li Xiaochan , Huang Liegen , Li Guoqiang 
Published: March 2019

Abstract2D group‐III nitride materials have shown a great promise for applications in optoelectronic devices thanks to their thickness‐dependent properties. However, the epitaxial growth of 2D group‐III nitrides remains a challenge. In this work, epitaxial growth of 2D GaN with well‐controlled lattice structures and bandgaps is achieved by plasma‐enhanced metal organic chemical vapor deposition via effective regulation of plasma energy and growth temperature. The structure of graphene/2D GaN/Si heterostructures is carefully investigated by high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy. The formation mechanism of the 2D GaN layer is clearly clarified by theoretical calculations. Furthermore, a bandgap for 2D GaN ranging from ≈4.18 to ≈4.65 eV varying with the numbers of layers is theoretically calculated and experimentally confirmed. 2D GaN with well‐controlled lattice structure and bandgap holds great potential for the development of deep ultraviolet light‐emitting diodes, energy conversion devices, etc.
Embedding Pinhole Vertical Gold Nanowire Electronic Skins for Braille Recognition
Authors: Ling Yunzhi , Gong Shu , Zhai Qingfeng , Wang Yan , Zhao Yunmeng , Yang Mingjie , Cheng Wenlong 
Published: March 2019

AbstractElectronic skins (e‐skins) have the potential to be conformally integrated with human body to revolutionize wearable electronics for a myriad of technical applications including healthcare, soft robotics, and the internet of things, to name a few. One of the challenges preventing the current proof of concept translating to real‐world applications is the device durability, in which the strong adhesion between active materials and elastomeric substrate or human skin is required. Here, a new strategy is reported to embed vertically aligned standing gold nanowires (v‐AuNWs) into polydimethylsiloxane, leading to a robust e‐skin sensor. It is found that v‐AuNWs with pinholes can have an adhesion energy 18‐fold greater than that for pinhole‐free v‐AuNWs. Finite element modeling results show that this is due to friction force from interfacial embedment. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the robust e‐skin sensor can be used for braille recognition.
Public Space Engagement and ICT Usage by University Students: An Exploratory Study in Three Countries
Authors: Arvanitidis Paschalis , Kenna Therese , Maksymiuk Gabriela 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe new mobile information and communications technologies expand human connectivity to reconfigure public spatialities and to give rise to novel needs for, and practices of, public space usage. The research in this chapter focuses on university students to explore how they perceive and use the public space of university campuses and how they use personal information and communications technologies in it. This allows for an identification of emerging patterns and practices of university public space usage, along with preferable characteristics, designs and ways of management. Data are collected from three case studies, the University College Cork in Cork (Ireland), the University of Thessaly in Volos (Greece), and the Warsaw University of Life Sciences in Warsaw (Poland), enabling us to spot similarities and differences in the above trends, that would be attributed to culture and local conditions and lifestyles.
Fex-Talk: a Short Educational Intervention Intended to Enhance Nurses’ Readiness to Discuss Fertility and Sexuality with Cancer Patients
Authors: Winterling Jeanette , Lampic Claudia , Wettergren Lena 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Sexual and reproductive health is known to generally be insufficiently addressed by health care personnel working in cancer care. We hence developed a short educational intervention, Fex-Talk, to overcome the barriers to communicate about sexuality and fertility. The present study sought to evaluate the Fex-Talk intervention, which aims to enhance nurses’ readiness to discuss fertility and sexuality issues with cancer patients. The educational intervention involves a single session with an optional follow-up session, and it includes different components in accordance with Kolb’s experiential learning cycle. The evaluation was based on participants’ oral and written feedback regarding the content and organization of the intervention, as well as on teachers’ field notes from five educational events involving nurses who work with cancer patients (n = 140). The data were analyzed using a thematic approach. Four themes were identified, namely increased awareness, need for knowledge, challenging discomfort, and dealing with external obstacles. The intervention increased participants’ awareness of patients’ need to discuss sexuality and fertility and of their own need for additional knowledge. The role-play exercise was said to challenge personal discomfort, although the participants still felt it helped to boost their courage to, in the future, engage in such conversations. Several external obstacles to initiate a conversation about sexuality or fertility were identified, and possible strategies for overcoming them were discussed. In conclusion, the Fex-Talk intervention was experienced positively by the participating nurses. The results indicate that the intervention increased nurses’ understanding of patients’ needs related to sex and fertility and overcome barriers to initiate discussions about sex and fertility with patients.
Addressing endogeneity in operations management research: Recent developments, common problems, and directions for future research
Authors: Lu Guanyi , Ding Xin (David) , Peng David Xiaosong , Hao‐Chun Chuang Howard 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAddressing endogeneity can be a challenging task given the different sources of endogeneity and their impacts on empirical results. While premier business journals typically expect authors to rigorously address endogeneity, this expectation is relatively new to many Operations Management (OM) scholars, as exemplified by a recent editorial in Journal of Operations Management that calls for more rigorous treatment for endogeneity. This study serves two purposes. First, we summarize recent OM literature with respect to the treatment for endogeneity by reviewing studies published in leading OM journals between 2012 and 2017. The review provides evidence that endogeneity problems have received increasing attention from OM scholars. However, we also find some common problems that may render the chosen techniques for addressing endogeneity less effective and potentially lead to biased analysis results. Second, since instrumental variable regression is the most prevalent technique for dealing with endogeneity in the OM literature according to our review, we provide an empirical illustration tailored to OM researchers for using instrumental variable regression in the post‐design (data analysis) phase. Using variables from a publicly available healthcare dataset, our analysis sheds light on the importance of examining instruments' quality and triangulating results based on more than one test/estimator.
On doing relevant and rigorous experiments: Review and recommendations
Authors: Lonati Sirio , Quiroga Bernardo F. , Zehnder Christian , Antonakis John 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAlthough experiments are the gold standard for establishing causality, several threats can undermine the internal validity of experimental findings. In this article, we first discuss these threats, which include the lack of consequential decisions and outcomes, deception, demand effects and unfair comparisons, as well as issues concerning statistical validity (e.g., minimum sample size per cell, estimating variance correctly). We expose each problem, show potential solutions, and bring to the fore issues of relevance of the findings (i.e., external and ecological validity). Thereafter, we take stock of the state‐of‐the‐science regarding validity threats using a representative sample of 468 recent experiments from 258 articles published in top‐tier journals. We compare research practices in three fields of study—management, social psychology, and economics, which regularly use experimental research—to operations management, which has more recently begun to use the experimental paradigm. Our results underscore the importance for journals and authors to follow what we identify to be best‐practice methodological suggestions (i.e., the “ten commandments” of experimental research). We show that—on average—markers of methodological rigor and generalizability positively and significantly predict the citations received by published articles. Finally, given that experiments are infeasible in some settings, we conclude with a brief review of often overlooked quasi‐experimental designs, which are useful for generating strong counterfactuals and hence allow making causal claims in the field.
PERSONAL NON-LIFE INSURANCE DECISIONS AND THE WELFARE LOSS FROM FLAT DEDUCTIBLES
Authors: Steffensen Mogens , Thøgersen Julie 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe view the retail non-life insurance decision from the perspective of the insured. We formalize different consumption–insurance problems depending on the flexibility of the insurance contract. For exponential utility and power utility we find the optimal flexible insurance decision or insurance contract. For exponential utility we also find the optimal position in standard contracts that are less flexible and therefore, for certain nonlinear pricing rules, lead to a welfare loss for the individual insuree compared to the optimal flexible insurance decision. For the exponential loss distribution, we quantify a significant welfare loss. This calls for product development in the retail insurance business.