bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analisis Kesulitan Berpikir Visual dalam Memahami Konsep pada Materi Himpunan
Authors: Milla Meriana Loru , Patricia Firda Alfiana , Sari Raras Kartika 
Published: August 2019

Mathematics is a lesson that is always a reference to intelligence and completeness of the process of student education anytime and anywhere. The research aims to analyze the difficulties in the seventh grade students of SMP 4 Wewewa Timur in understanding the concept of mathematical material, namely set. This research is included in the type of descriptive qualitative research. The research subjects were six students. Instruments in the process of collecting data are interview guidelines and question test sheets. This study uses data collection techniques including test methods, interview methods, and documentation. The results of the research process found that the difficulty of class VII students of SMP Negeri 4 Timur in solving questions in the set material as follows: 1) difficulty using the concept; 2) difficulties in carrying out basic mathematical operations and addition and subtraction operations; 3) difficulty understanding the problem of the story and determining the things needed to solve the problem. Student difficulties are caused by several factors, namely 1) internal factors, causes of difficulties that originate from within the student itself; and 2) external factors, student difficulties caused and originating from outside the student. Based on the results of the interview test the factors that influence students and become the cause of student learning difficulties are: 1) low capacity or intelligence of students; 2) not confident, 3)mathematics learning disabilities; 4) learning disability and 5) the influence of the environment around students.
Motivasi Kerja Karyawan Pada Ritel Modern Era Revolusi Industri 4.0 dikaitkan dengan Prestasi Kerja.
Authors: Purnomo Albert Kurniawan 
Published: August 2019

The competition between modern physical retailers in the industrial revolution 4.0 have an impact on the number of physical retail stores that have been forced to close, due to declining turnover. This encourages management to focus more on the performance of employees to be able to achieve. Outstanding employees are able to exceed the target set by the company. The factors that are thought to affect work performance are motivation, knowledge, ability, expertise, education, experience, training, interests, and attitudes.
In this study, the factors that are focused are motivational factors. The theory that became the basis was pioneered by McClelland, which included achievement motivation, power motivation, and affiliate motivation.
This research method is a quantitative method, with an expalanatory causal approach. Data collection techniques by distributing questionnaires to 31 retail employees from 3 branches. Data analysis using WarpPLS 6.0 software. The results of the study explain that overall motivation affects work productivity.
INCIDENTALLY DISCOVERED PULMONARY NEOPLASIA IN A PATIENT WITH POSTTRAUMATIC AVULSION OF CALCANEAL REGION - A BLESSING IN DISGUISE
Authors: Dumitrescu Dan , Savlovschi Costel , Comandasu Meda , Serban Dragos , Socea Bogdan , Dumitrescu Victor 
Published: August 2019

In the last century, foot and ankle related traumatic pathology became more and more frequent. A 75 years old male with associated peripheral arterial disease presented himself in ER with an infected, contusive wound at the left foot sole and calcaneum. After local treatment (debridement, hyaluronic acid derivatives and antibiotics), the wound evolution was good. During the extensive clinical and paraclinical investigations preceding cardiovascular surgery for the pre-existing peripheral arteriopathy), a pulmonary tumor in resectable stage was discovered. So, the patient underwent pulmonary bilobectomy and afterward a cutaneous free groin flap reconstruction of the foot. The local wound evolution was good, and the patient could stand and walk after a month. He is currently under oncological supervision. Although skin grafts are recommended in lesions affecting weightbearing zones, in this case, given the arteriopathy, it was preferred a free skin flap. In this case with complicated, intricated pathology, the traumatic episode played also a beneficial role by helping the early diagnosis of an operable lung cancer.
Regression Model to Evaluate the Impact of Basic Sanitation Services in Households and Schools on Child Mortality in the Municipalities of the State of Alagoas, Brazil
Authors: Cavalcanti Alvaro , Teixeira Arthur , Pontes Karen 
Published: August 2019

The aim of this article is to measure the impact of basic sanitation services on the mortality rate of children under five years of age (U5MR) in the municipalities of the State of Alagoas, Brazil. A multivariate multiple linear regression model was applied for all 102 cities of Alagoas for data years 1991, 2000 and 2010. The research findings are evidence that access to basic sanitation services in the municipalities of the State of Alagoas, especially household sanitary sewage, is associated with a statistically significant reduction of U5MR, p < 0.01 . The estimates show that the 10% increase in access to household sanitary sewage is associated to a reduction of 5.7 deaths per 1000 born alive (BA). Based on a simulation of universal basic access sanitation services in the municipalities of the State of Alagoas, it is observed that only this public policy would be able to reduce child mortality by more than 94%. The end results of this study are important subsidies to guide basic sanitation policies not only in the State of Alagoas, Brazil, but also in developing regions all over the world, considering the evidences of social and environmental impact.
Cátedra integradora una opción para incrementar los niveles de retención y titulación en las instituciones educativas.
Authors: Narváez Peña Maria Fernanda 
Published: August 2019

Es significativo establecer mediante revisión bibliográfica la importancia de la catedra integradora para ayudar a elevar la tasa de retención y titulación de las universidades.
La catedra integradora se constituye en una herramienta para ayudar a los jóvenes universitarios a conocer de cerca cómo va a ser su futuro profesional, porque de forma obligatoria deberán desarrollar diferentes proyectos que los ayudara a vincularse con la sociedad.
La falta de material informativo para el desarrollo de esta asignatura y el desconocimiento de muchos profesionales en el tema ha motivado que el presente artículo tenga como objetivo establecer mediante revisión bibliográfica los principales conceptos, teorías y la importancia de la catedra integradora en el modelo pedagógico de las instituciones educativas, pero sobre todo como desarrollarla acorde al nivel de estudios que este cursando el estudiante.
Uno de los objetivos de esta asignatura es el de integrar los conocimientos de todas las materias en una sola para que no queden como agentes aislados y así el estudiante logre un conocimiento integrador.

El trabajo en equipo es fundamental para lograr cumplir con los objetivos planteados en la asignatura no solo el trabajo en equipo de los estudiantes sino de todos los docentes y del directivo porque el fin es integrar los conocimientos adquiridos en las aulas.
Finalmente en este articulo el lector podrá visualizar como desarrollar la catedra integradora acorde al nivel en donde se encuentre la asignatura acorde a cada malla de estudios, como conclusión principal se puede destacar que la catedra integradora permite el crecimiento de los conocimientos adquiridos por parte de docentes y estudiantes a través de proyectos educativos que permite la vinculación del estudiante con la sociedad y así acercar al máximo a los jóvenes universitarios a las funciones que van a desarrollar una vez que terminen su carrera.
Effect of Gold Sea Cucumber (Stichopus hermanni) Extract Concentration on Antioxidant Activity of Grape Seed Oil (Vitis vinifera) nanoemulsion
Authors: Noor Siti Umroh , Gozali Amelia 
Published: August 2019

Gold sea cucumber extract (Stichopus hermanni) is rich in collagen and unsatturated fatty acid also known omega 3 such as docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid that highly effective as an antioxidant. Oligomeric proanthocyanidin is the main content in grape seed oil and the most powerful antioxidant agent that can protect collagen. The aim of research was to determine the effect of gold sea cucumber extract concetration on antioxidant activity of grape seed oil nanoemulsion. The three formulas with results test of antioxidant activity with DPPH method using 15% Brij CS12® and 30% propylene glycol has done which the oil phase was dispersed in the aqueous phase.Variation that have been done is to use the antioxidant activity (IC50) of gold sea cucumber extract for 2, 4, and 6 times. The resulting preparations was conformed of organoleptic, nanoemulsion type, clarity, globule size, viscosity and rheology, pH and freez thaw test. Antioxidant activity of gold sea cucumber extract and grape seed oil were (IC50= 53.79 and 17.41 μg/mL respectively). The nanoemulsion was analysed using two-way ANOVA method. Antioxidant activity at storage for 0; 2 and 4-weeks of formula I, II, III were (IC50= 49.15; 49.45, 51.15 µg/mL), (IC50= 44.12, 47.48, 48.14 µg/mL), and (IC50= 42.14, 43.45, 45.33 µg/mL) respectively. Can be concluded that the higher concentration of gold sea cucumber extract, the antioxidant activity of nanoemulsion is higher, but it decreased during the storage.
Factors Affecting The Drugs Availability on Program Rujuk Balik (PRB) at PRB Drugs Facility in Ex Karesidenan Kediri (Study of Hipertension Drugs)
Authors: Tuti Sri Dias , Athiyah Umi , Utami Wahyu 
Published: August 2019

PRB drugs service was given to chronically patients who still need long term treatment therefore there was need to guarantee the availability of medicines for their therapeutic needs. The objectives of this research were to know about PRB drug management, to know drug management support, policy, the availability of PRB drugs, and to analize the effects of drug management, drug management support, and policy on drug availability in PRB drug facility in Ex Karesidenan Kediri. Study on the availability of drugs hypertension due to prevalence of hypertension disease tends to increase from 7.6% in 2007 to 9.5% in 2013. This research used cross sectional approach by giving questionnaires to 18 respondents of PRB drug managers who had fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Those respondents were measured on the capability in PRB drug managements and assessment of PRB drug management support and policy. The questionnaires were valid and reliable. The management, management support, and policy score were tested for effect on PRB drug availability for Hypertension by using multiple linear regression. From this research, it was known that PRB Drug Management, PRB Drug Management Supporting Assessment, and PRB Policy by PRB drug managers in drug service facilities in Ex Karesidenan Kediri were mostly categorized as good enough. The availability of PRB drugs at PRB drugs facility with stock calculations indicated the ability to provide PRB medication to serve PRB prescription of hypertension was 28.71%. While the facilitieas that were able to serve an average of 72.67, thus providing substitution drugs beyond the average of PRB stock of 43.95%. The efforts were done for examples, borrowed similar drugs from regular supplies, medicines administered when they were available, or established the similar drugs at prices closed to e-catalogue. The results of the analysis showed that simultaneously PRB Drug Management factors, PRB Drug Management Supports, and PRB Policy have significant effects on PRB Drug Availability (p<0.10). PRB drug management had the greatest effects on the availability (p<0.10), especially in the case of Drug Selection (p<0.10). Selection of drugs was the first step to be done from a cycle of drug management, where the early step was the step that most determine the next steps. The pharmaceutical management framework affected the availability of PRB drugs, particularly the Drug Management factor, especially in the drug selection step. Drug selection was an early step of the drug management cycle that determined the next step.
Creambath FORMULATION WITH CONCENTRATION VARIATION WATER EXTRACTS OF AMBON Banana Weevil (Musa acuminata Colla)
Authors: Indrawati Teti , Sofia Nabhilla 
Published: August 2019

Ambon banana (Musa acuminata Colla) humps contain anthraquinone compounds that effectives This research aims to take advantage of the hump to be confectionary cream bath as hair growth. Water extracts of Ambon banana humps were blended and filtered, and then, this water extracts of Ambon banana was made into cream bath using concentration of 8%, 10%, and 12%. The method that is used to make cream bath is dissolution and mixing methods at a temperature of 75oC–80oC and the water extract was add at 40oC. These cream bath products weres evaluated by organoleptic, homogeneity, emulsion type, pH, spreading ability, viscosity and flow character. All formula cream bath preparations had white to ivory white, odourless bananas, emulsion type o/w, homogenized, pH 6.05 to 6.38, spreading ability 4862.05 mm2-3672.67 mm2, has a viscosity of 12000 cps-145000 cps, and showed the flow properties pseudo-plastic thixotropic.
The Effect of Rosella (Hibiscuss sabdariff a L.) Powder on CD4 Counts in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Mardhiyani Dini , Darmawan Endang , Akrom Akrom 
Published: August 2019

Roselle flower (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) is beneficial as an immunostimulant because of its antioxidant property. Antioxidants in roselle flower are hibiscus anthocyanin, quercetin, L-ascorbic acid and protocatechuic acid. Any potential plants for pytopharmacy should be proven beneficial and safe through preclinical and clinical trial. The purpose of this clinical trial was to determine the effect of ethanol extract of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) to lymphocyte and CD4 cell count in healthy volunteer for 30 days.
This study used pre-post treatment design. A total of 21 healthy volunteer were chosen according to inclusion and exclusion criteria and filled informed consent. Healthy volunteer were given 500 mg roselle ethanol extract powder every day for 30 days. Lymphocyte and CD4 cell count was conducted using hematology analyzer and flowcytometer. Results were analyzed using paired t test, if the distribution is not normal than Wilcoxon test will be used on 95% confidence interval.
Results showed that there was no significant effect (p>0,05) of CD4 cell absolute count and there was a significant effect of CD4 percentage (p<0,05). Results on day 45 (14 days after the treatment was interrupted) showed no significant effect (p>0,05) of CD4 cell absolute count and CD4 cell percentage. The effect of CD4 cell percentage on day 31 was in normal range.
This study concluded that 500 mg roselle petal ethanol extract powder (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) given everyday for 30 days showed some effect on d increasing CD4 cell percentage.
Efek Anti Diabetes Spirulina Platensis Terhadap Analisis Kadar, Gambaran Histopatologi, Ekspresi Insulin dan Glucose Transpoter 4 Pada Tikus Putih Wistar yang Diinduksi Streptozopin
Authors: Kintoko Kintoko , Balfas Rifqi Ferry , Ustrina Nura , Widyarini Sitarina , Saputri Lintang Cahya , Nurwijayanti Anandita , Riana Fajar Slamet , Anggraini Neni Tri 
Published: August 2019

Berdasarkan Riset Kesehatan Dasar, di Yogyakarta angka kejadian diabetes melitus berdasarkan diagnosis dokter didapat sebanyak 2,6% dan gejala akan meningkat sesuai bertambahnya umur, namun akan turun mulai umur >65 tahun. Pada pengobatan diabetes melitus ini terdapat beberapa pengobatan dengan obat sintetik dan bahan alam untuk bahan alam salah satunya yaitu Spirulina platensis. Spirulina platensis adalah salah satu mikroalga yang di dalamnya mengandung spektrum alami dari campuran karoten dan pigmen xantofil, dan dengan fikosianin memiliki aktivitas antioksidan, serta Spirulina platensis dapat menunjukan penurunan pada gula darah.
Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan merupakan penelitian eksperimental. Spirulina platensis dibuat suspensi dengan beberapa macam dosis 36 mg, 72 mg, dan 144 mg. Tikus dibagi 6 kelompok, 5 kelompok diinduksi streptozotosin dengan dosis 45 mg/kgBB hingga tikus mengalami DM ditandai dengan hasil KGD yang tinggi, kemudian di beri suspensi spirulina, di ukur kadar gula pada hari ke 0-28. Setelah itu tikus di ambil darah kemudian dianalisis pengaruh Spirulina platensis terhadap kadar kreatinin dan ureum dalam darah. Hasil dianalisis menggunakan SPSS metode ANOVA dan Post Hoc Test dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%.
Hasil dari analisis kadar pada berbagai kelompok menunjukan bahwa pada induksi streptozotocin yang diberi perlakuan spirulina plantesis berbagai dosis terdapat perbaikan pada tiap analisis kadar yang didapat, dan juga pada dosis STZ+SP 36 pada tiap analisis dapat memperbaiki kadar analisis. Sedangkan pada hasil histopatologi serta ekspresi insulin pada pankreas dan histologi serta ekspresi glucose transporter 4 serta histopatologi pada ginjal dan hati menunjukan perubahan yang baik pada berbagai kelompok dosis perlakuan terutama pada kelompok STZ+SP 36. Sehingga pada dosis STZ+SP 36 yang menunjukan perubahan yang baik pada penelitian ini.
The Role of Medicine Pricing Policy for Improving the Affordability of Medicines
Authors: Anggriani Yusi 
Published: August 2019

Medicine is a pharmaceutical product that has imperfect market characteristics. This affects affordability to the community, and therefore it is necessary for the government to regulate medicine prices. Medicine prices can be regulated in the medicine supply chain by the industry, importers, distributors and health facilities such as pharmacies, hospitals and medicine sellers. Developed and high income countries generally regulate the prices of medicines and are part of a health insurance system. In contrast with the situation in developed countries, medicine pricing regulation in developing countries and Lower Middle Income Countries is not well established. The regulation of mark-ups in distribution channels is the most common strategy used by LMIC. Small country with only a few pharmaceutical facilities has a weak bargaining position, generally the government cannot set prices. The application of cost-plus pricing is quite effective if it is implemented in a small country. In developing countries with a large market segment and adequate pharmaceutical industry facilities the price competition method is an effective strategy option to get lower prices. In practice, the application of medicine pricing policy is dynamic. The medicine pricing system in a country can be changed or combined with other methods if the evaluation does not provide optimal results or generates unintended impacts.
Language Utterance Among India Community In Padang
Authors: Farisya Fajrina Putri 
Published: August 2019

This thesis title is Language Utterance Among India Community in Padang
The writer focusing on the language that utter among India community in Padang. The India people usual talk and communication with other with mix language which another did not know. The writer seek this as uniqueness that can be describe by code mixing theory and sociolinguistik.
The writer uses sociological theory for reach the purposes of the research. Purposes of the research is to descirbe the language change that happen in India community in Padang.. language change that happens have relate with linguistic theories. After getting the data, the writer , makes formula from the code mixing that utter in India community in Padang. This research uses field research method for get the significant data and library research for get the theories that will be uses as basic theory in this thesis. Technique collecting of data is qualitative method, which the writer get the data from 7 qualified interviewee based on criteria ( NORM (Nonmobile Older Rural Males). From it, the writer uses record technique for get the data.
The results from the research that has been done, the wrier finds language change that influence by another ethnic such Minang, Tionghoa Padang and Indonesia. The changing are, vowel /i/ change into /e/ in medial, disappearance /h/ in final,initial and medial. Disappearance /r/ in final and medial, absorption /at/ become /?/ in final,absorption /u/ become /o/ in medial and final, absorption /t/ become /k/ in final, absorption /a/ into /o/ in final, absorption /p/ into /?/, absorption/ŋ/ into /aŋ/ in final, absorption /e/ become /a/ in medial and initial. Disappearance /e/ in medial, disappearance /d/ in initial, and medial,also disappearance /p/ in final. Code mixing that utter by India community that has been describe by code mixing theory, and become a formula from it.
Idioms of Mentawai Language Inmuntei Village
Authors: Aditiawarman Mac , Sakukuret Agustinus 
Published: August 2019

This thesis is about the idioms of Mentawai language in Muntei Village. Idiom is a word or phrase whose meaning is not obvious through knowledge of individual meanings of the constituent words but must be learnt as a whole. Idiom is something that has its own meaning and we cannot guess the meaning because it needs to be learnt to understand their meaning. The writer took the data from the elder in the community by doing an interview with the informant (a man) whose age is no more than 50 years old to make sure that the informant still remembers the right word of the idioms. Technique of collecting the data of this analysis is by doing the interview to the informant first, and then writes the data down in a table accordingly to their forms.
In analyzing this data, the writer uses three theories from three experts. In order to analyze the forms of the idioms used by people in Muntei Village the writer uses the theory of idioms forms from Yayat Sudaryat. In order to analyze the syntactical functions of the idioms used by people in Muntei Village the writer uses the theory of syntactical functions of idioms from Jennifer Seidl and McMordie. Meanwhile for analyzing the meaning of the idioms, the writer uses the theory of idioms meaning from Aminuddin. The result shows that there are two forms of idioms that commonly found in Muntei Village, they are the full idioms (formed in sentence) and half idioms (formed in words or phrases). The result also shows that idioms have this syntactical function that make then can be placed as the subject, object, adjectives, and adverbs in the sentence. This research also shows that the meaning of the idioms that usually found in Muntei Village can only be understood by the people if they know who are the people involved in the conversation, what is the situation where the conversation occur, and what is the intention of using the idioms.