bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Topographic variation in soil erosion and accumulation determined with meteoric 10Be
Authors: Marquard Julia , Aalto Rolf E. , Barrows Timothy T. , Fisher Beth A. , Aufdenkampe Anthony K. , Stone John O. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractUnderstanding natural soil redistribution processes is essential for measuring the anthropogenic impact on landscapes. Although meteoric beryllium‐10 (10Be) has been used to determine erosion processes within the Pleistocene and Holocene, fewer studies have used the isotope to investigate the transport and accumulation of the resulting sediment. Here we use meteoric 10Be in hilltop and valley site soil profiles to determine sediment erosion and deposition processes in the Christina River Basin (Pennsylvania, USA). The data indicate natural erosion rates of 14 to 21 mm 10−3 yr and soil ages of 26 000 to 57 000 years in hilltop sites. Furthermore, valley sites indicate an alteration in sediment supply due to climate change (from the Pleistocene to the Holocene) within the last 60 000 years and sediment deposition of at least 0.5–2 m during the Wisconsinan glaciation. The change in soil erosion rate was most likely induced by changes in geomorphic processes; probably solifluction and slope wash during the cold period, when ice advanced into the mid latitudes of North America. This study shows the value of using meteoric 10Be to determine sediment accumulation within the Quaternary and quantifies major soil redistribution occurred under natural conditions in this region. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Berberine: A potential adjunct for the treatment of gastrointestinal cancers?
Authors: Hesari AmirReza , Ghasemi Faezeh , Cicero Arrigo F. G. , Mohajeri Mohammad , Rezaei Omid , Hayat Seyed Mohammad Gheibi , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: August 2018

AbstractGastrointestinal cancers are among the most prevalent cancers in the general population. Despite effective early diagnostics and intervention, the gastrointestinal cancer‐related mortality still remains elevated. Berberine (BBR) is a benzyl tetra isoquinoline alkaloid exracted from several plants. BBR is nontoxic to human normal cells, but suppresses the growth of different tumor cells: melanoma, epidermoid carcinoma, hepatoma, oral carcinoma, glioblastoma, prostatic carcinoma, and gastric carcinoma. In particular, BBR seems to suppress the proliferation of gastrointestinal cancers in a number of preclinical models. Several mechanisms of action have been hypothesized and demonstrated: immunomodulation, inhibition of topoisomerase enzymes, suppression of the EGF receptor, Her2/neu, and the VEGF receptor, induction of p53, Cip1/p21, Kip1/p27, Rb expression, induction of apoptosis (by regulation of MMPs pathway, caspases, Bax, and Smac/DIABLO), inhibition of arylamin N‐acetyltransferase activity, and regulation of microRNAs expression. The aim of this review is to summarize the pharmacological effects of BBR on animal and human gastrointestinal cancers.
Increased differentiation and production of extracellular matrix components of primary human osteoblasts after cocultivation with endothelial cells: A quantitative proteomics approach
Authors: Simunovic F. , Winninger O. , Strassburg S. , Koch H. G. , Finkenzeller G. , Stark G. B. , Lampert F. M. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractCoculturing of bone‐forming and blood vessel‐forming cells is a strategy aimed at increasing vascularity of implanted bone constructs in tissue‐engineering applications. We previously described that the coculture of primary human osteoblasts (hOBs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) improves the differentiation of both cell types, leading to the formation of functional blood vessels and enhanced bone regeneration. The objective of this study was to further delineate the multifaceted interactions between both cell types. To investigate the proteome of hOBs after cocultivation with HUVECs we used stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture, revealing 49 significantly upregulated, and 54 significantly downregulated proteins. Amongst the highest regulated proteins, we found the proteins important for osteoblast differentiation, cellular adhesion, and extracellular matrix function, notably: connective tissue growth factor, desmoplakin, galectin‐3, and cyclin‐dependent kinase 6. The findings were confirmed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays. We also investigated whether the mRNA transcripts correlate with the changes in protein levels by quantitative real‐time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. In addition, the data was compared to our previous microarray analysis of hOB transcriptome. Taken together, this in‐depth analysis delivers reliable data suggesting the importance of coculturing of hOBs and HUVECs in tissue engineering.
Interactions of three bisphenol analogues with hemoglobin investigated by spectroscopy and molecular docking
Authors: Zhang Xun , Zhang Rui , Zong Wansong , Liu Rutao 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBisphenol F (BPF), bisphenol S (BPS), and bisphenol B (BPB) have been extensively used in food packaging, plasticizer, and paper products, causing more concern about their biosafety. The mechanism of these bisphenols' toxicity was investigated by determining diverse effects of them on common protein bovine hemoglobin (BHb). The effects at the molecular level were determined by ultraviolet‐visible, circular dichroism, resonance light scattering, fluorescence spectroscopy, and molecular docking. The irreversible cross‐linking results of bisphenols and BHb demonstrate that hydrogen (H) bonding and hydrophobic forces play major roles in the interaction. Both BPF and BPS decreased the amount of α‐helix, leading to the loosening of protein skeleton while BPB made little change. In the loose structure, BPF exposed the internal amino acids to a hydrophobic environment and BPS (above 10μM) obviously quenched characteristic fluorescence. The variant effects of BPF, BPS, and BPB may arise from different structural formula. Accordingly, BPB could be used as a better substitute for bisphenol A, and it is necessary to control the concentration of BPS and BPF below 10μM in application. This study provided important basis for application of BPB and safe use of bisphenol analogues in industry.
LAMP detection of the genetic element ‘Mona’ associated with DMI resistance in Monilinia fructicola
Authors: Chen Shuning , Schnabel Guido , Yuan Huizhu , Luo Chaoxi 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe increasing use of demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicides for the control of peach brown rot has resulted in resistance in Monilinia fructicola. Resistance in the southeastern USA is caused by overexpression of the MfCYP51 gene due to the presence of a 65‐bp inserted element ‘Mona’ located in the upstream regulatory region of MfCYP51. A rapid diagnostic assay would be useful to detect the presence and monitor further spread of this resistance mechanism.RESULTSA loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method was developed for rapid detection of ‘Mona’‐based DMI resistance. The assay was optimized for specificity and sensitivity, and was shown to detect the presence of 10 fg of purified target DNA per reaction within 85 min. Only DNA isolated from DMI‐resistant isolates containing ‘Mona’ resulted in a fluorescent signal after LAMP assay amplification. DNA from sensitive isolates from China and the USA and six other common fungal species of peach did not yield a signal. The method also positively identified ‘Mona’ from crude DNA extracts (using Lyse and Go reagents heated to 100 °C for 10 min) obtained from the mycelium and conidia of symptomatic fruit.CONCLUSIONConsidering its specificity, stability and repeatability, the LAMP assay could be a valuable tool for rapid on‐site diagnosis of M. fructicola isolates resistant to DMI fungicides in the southeastern USA. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Millepachine showed novel antitumor effects in cisplatin‐resistant human ovarian cancer through inhibiting drug efflux function of ATP‐binding cassette transporters
Authors: Wu Wenshuang , Liu Yang , Ye Haoyu , Li Zhihui 
Published: August 2018

Millepachine (MIL), a bioactive natural chalcone from Chinese herbal medicine Millettia pachycarpa Benth, exhibits strong antitumor effects against many human cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we found that MIL significantly inhibited the proliferation of cisplatin‐resistant A2780CP cells via inducing obvious G2/M arrest and apoptosis and down‐regulating the activity of topoisomerase II protein. We further found that the mechanism by which MIL showed good antitumor effects in cisplatin‐resistant human ovarian cancer was associated with inhibiting the expression of ATP‐binding cassette transporters in cisplatin‐resistant A2780CP cells. Importantly, MIL did not only significantly inhibit the tumor growth in cisplatin‐sensitive A2780S xenograft model, with an inhibitory rate of 73.21%, but also inhibited the tumor growth in the cisplatin‐resistant A2780CP xenograft model, with an inhibitory rate of 65.68% (p < 0.001 vs. control; p < 0.001 vs. DDP). In addition, MIL did not induce acquired drug resistance in A2780S tumor‐bearing mice with an inhibitory rate of 60.03%. The promising in vitro and in vivo performance indicated that MIL exhibited potential significance for drug research and development.
Cross‐border mergers and acquisitions amid political uncertainty: A bargaining perspective
Authors: Lee Kyeong Hun 
Published: August 2018

Research Summary: This article exploits a natural experiment to estimate the causal effect of political uncertainty on bargaining outcomes in cross‐border acquisitions. We argue that political uncertainty alters the relative bargaining power between acquiring versus target firms. The host country's political uncertainty makes the returns on cross‐border acquisitions more unpredictable. Accordingly, foreign acquirers demand compensation for such uncertainty in negotiations, otherwise they will not consider their acquisitions profitable. Thus, when political uncertainty is high in the host country, ceteris paribus, foreign acquirers have greater bargaining power, which leads to more favorable outcomes for acquirers. Using national elections to measure political uncertainty, we find evidence strongly supporting our prediction. Target firms capture a smaller portion of the acquisition gains than do acquiring firms, when political uncertainty is high.Managerial Summary: The uncertainty about the host government policies is a major concern for firms considering cross‐border acquisitions. However, we know little about how such uncertainty influences cross‐border deal negotiations and outcomes. This research investigates the effect of political uncertainty on the bargaining outcomes in cross‐border acquisitions. We argue that high political uncertainty in the host country strengthens the foreign acquirer's bargaining position relative to the acquired firm. The outcome of investment is harder to predict under political uncertainty, and therefore the foreign acquirer will require compensation for political uncertainty such as paying a lower takeover premium and using a contingent payment option. Without such compensation, the foreign acquirer may not find it attractive to make a deal. Our empirical results support our argument.
Polyphenols from brown alga, Padina boergesenii (Allendar & Kraft) decelerates renal cancer growth involving cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis in renal carcinoma cells
Authors: Rajamani Karthikeyan , Thirugnanasambandan Somasundaram S. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn our previous work, we assessed the ameliorative effect of crude extract from Padina boergesenii. In this report, we have extended these study by fractionating the methanol extract with methanol:ethylacetate (1:3,v/v) (MME‐F) and assessed the cytotoxic effect of MME‐F fraction in human renal carcinoma cell lines (A498 and ACHN). The fraction had time‐and dose‐dependent inhibition of cancer cell proliferation, migration with deceleration of cancer growth at EC50—22.73 μg in A498 and 26.43 μg in ACHN cells. Cells treated at EC50 value 25 μg displayed twofold greater ability to induce early and late stage of apoptosis. The cells treated with polyphenolic fraction (MME‐F) induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase. HPLC/DAD chromatographic procedures quantified polyphenols from active fraction (MME‐F). These data revealed the functional activity of polyphenols from brown alga, P. boergesenii as a potent inhibitor of cancer proliferation with induction of apoptosis, it suggest their applicability in preventing cancer metastasis.
Essential variables for reporting research studies on fetal growth restriction: a Delphi consensus
Authors: Khalil A. , Gordijn S. J. , Beune I. M. , Wynia K. , Ganzevoort W. , Figueras F. , Kingdom J. , Marlow N. , Papageorghiou A. T. , Sebire N. , Zeitlin J. , Baschat A. A. 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo determine, by expert consensus using a Delphi procedure, a minimum reporting set of study variables for fetal growth restriction (FGR) research studies.MethodsA panel of experts, identified based on their publication record as lead or senior author of studies on FGR, was asked to select a set of essential reporting study parameters from a literature‐based list of variables, utilizing the Delphi consensus methodology. Responses were collected in four consecutive rounds by online questionnaires presented to the panelists through a unique token‐secured link for each round. The experts were asked to rate the importance of each parameter on a five‐point Likert scale. Variables were selected in the three first rounds based on a 70% threshold for agreement on the Likert‐scale scoring. In the final round, retained parameters were categorized as essential (to be reported in all FGR studies) or recommended (important but not mandatory).ResultsOf the 100 invited experts, 87 agreed to participate and of these 62 (71%) completed all four rounds. Agreement was reached for 16 essential and 30 recommended parameters including maternal characteristics, prenatal investigations, prenatal management and pregnancy/neonatal outcomes. Essential parameters included hypertensive complication in the current pregnancy, smoking, parity, maternal age, fetal abdominal circumference, estimated fetal weight, umbilical artery Doppler (pulsatility index and end‐diastolic flow), fetal middle cerebral artery Doppler, indications for intervention, pregnancy outcome (live birth, stillbirth or neonatal death), gestational age at delivery, birth weight, birth‐weight centile, mode of delivery and 5‐min Apgar score.ConclusionsWe present a list of essential and recommended parameters that characterize FGR independent of study hypotheses. Uniform reporting of these variables in prospective clinical research is expected to improve data quality, study consistency and ultimately our understanding of FGR. Copyright © 2018 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Modelling of psychosocial and lifestyle predictors of peripartum depressive symptoms associated with distinct risk trajectories: a prospective cohort study
Authors: English Sarah , Steele Amber , Williams Alison , Blacklay Jayne , Sorinola Olanrewaju , Wernisch Lorenz , Grammatopoulos Dimitris K. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractPerinatal depression involves interplay between individual chronic and acute disease burdens, biological and psychosocial environmental and behavioural factors. Here we explored the predictive potential of specific psycho-socio-demographic characteristics for antenatal and postpartum depression symptoms and contribution to severity scores on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) screening tool. We determined depression risk trajectories in 480 women that prospectively completed the EPDS during pregnancy (TP1) and postpartum (TP2). Multinomial logistic and penalised linear regression investigated covariates associated with increased antenatal and postpartum EPDS scores contributing to the average or the difference of paired scores across time points. History of anxiety was identified as the strongest contribution to antenatal EPDS scores followed by the social status, whereas a history of depression, postpartum depression (PPD) and family history of PPD exhibited the strongest association with postpartum EPDS. These covariates were the strongest differentiating factors that increased the spread between antenatal and postpartum EPDS scores. Available covariates appeared better suited to predict EPDS scores antenatally than postpartum. As women move from the antenatal to the postpartum period, socio-demographic and lifestyle risk factors appear to play a smaller role in risk, and a personal and family history of depression and PPD become increasingly important.
Evaluation der Rolle der Videolaryngoskopie im individuellen präklinischen Atemwegsalgorithmus
Authors: Luckscheiter Andre , Fischer Matthias , Zink Wolfgang 
Published: August 2018

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Fragestellung Ziel der Untersuchung war es, die Rolle der Videolaryngoskopie (VL) im individuellen Atemwegsmanagement von Notärzten zu evaluieren, wenn eine Vielzahl von Hilfsmitteln zur Atemwegssicherung verfügbar ist.
Material und Methoden Mittels Online-Umfrage wurde neben den verfügbaren Hilfsmitteln der persönliche Algorithmus zur Atemwegssicherung erfragt (5 mögliche Schritte, 6 verfügbare Hilfsmittel: endotracheale Intubation ggf. mit Einführhilfe [ETI], VL, supraglottische Atemwegshilfe [SGA], McCoy-Spatel [McC], Masken-Beutel-Beatmung [MB], chirurgischer Atemweg [CHIR]). Dieser wurde mit der aktuellen Handlungsempfehlung zum präklinischen Atemwegsmanagement verglichen.
Ergebnisse 155 Teilnehmer zeigten insgesamt 65 verschiedene Vorgehensweisen (ETI-VL-SGA-MB-CHIR am häufigsten [20%]). Die VL wurde meistens als 2. (31%) oder 3. Wahl (25%) nach der ETI verwendet und in 9% als 1. Wahl. Somit vergrößerte sich die Anzahl an Algorithmusschritten unter Nutzung der VL signifikant, was eine nachrangigere Anwendung von SGA und CHIR bedingte. 80% der erfassten Vorgehensweisen wichen von dem Algorithmus aus 2012 ab.
Diskussion Der erwartete höhere Stellenwert der VL in der kommenden Handlungsempfehlung sollte zu einem höheren Einhaltungsgrad führen. Nach ihrer Umsetzung sollten Einhaltung bzw. Abweichung sowie individuelle Gründe für die verwendeten Atemwegshilfsmittel untersucht werden, ebenso, ob die VL primär oder als Rückfallebene verwendet wird.
Die intraossäre Punktion als alternativer Gefäßzugang in der prähospitalen Notfallmedizin – ein Update
Authors: Helm Matthias 
Published: August 2018

ZusammenfassungBei der notfallmedizinischen Versorgung von kritisch kranken bzw. schwerverletzten Patienten ist die zeitgerechte Etablierung eines Zugangs zum Gefäßsystem zur Durchführung einer spezifischen Pharmako- und Infusionstherapie oftmals von zentraler Bedeutung. Allerdings kann dies in Notfallsituationen mit großen Schwierigkeiten verbunden sein, insbesondere unter dem gegebenen Zeitdruck. Hier kann die intraossäre (IO) Punktion als rasches, effektives und sicheres Verfahren zur Applikation von Medikamenten, Infusionslösungen und Blutprodukten in Notfallsituationen die Lösung des Problems sein.
Cutis Tricolor
Authors: Ruggieri Martino , Polizzi Agata , Mantegna Selene , Battaglini Chiara , Pirrone Concetta , Roggini Mario , Lacarrubba Francesco , Micali Giuseppe , Commodari Elena , Zanghì Antonio , Kennerknecht Ingo , Schepis Carmelo , Praticò Andrea 
Published: August 2018

AbstractCutis tricolor is a skin abnormality consisting in a combination of congenital hyper- and hypopigmented skin lesions (in the form of paired macules, patches, or streaks) in close proximity to each other in a background of normal skin. It is currently regarded as a twin-spotting (mosaic) phenomenon. This phenomenon has been reported so far as a purely cutaneous trait, as a part of a complex malformation phenotype (Ruggieri–Happle syndrome), which includes distinct facial features, cataract, skull and vertebral defects, long bones dysplasia, corpus callosum, cerebellar and white matter anomalies, cavum vergae and holoprosencephaly, and other systemic abnormalities. Cutis tricolor has been also reported as a distinct type with multiple, disseminated smaller skin macules (cutis tricolor parvimaculata) or in association with other skin disturbances (e.g., phacomatosis achromico-melano-marmorata) or in the context of other neurocutaneous phenotypes (e.g., ataxia-telangiectasia and phacomatosis pigmentovascularis) or as a sign of complex malformation phenotypes (e.g., microcephaly and dwarfism). More than 20 studies reporting 40 cases are present in the literature with pure cutaneous or syndromic cutis tricolor phenomena and are analyzed in the present study, confirming and expanding the overall phenotype of cutis tricolor. In particular, (1) the skin abnormalities of the cutis tricolor do not evolve over time; (2) there is a typical facial phenotype with long, elongated face, thick and brushy eyebrows, hypertelorism, deep nasal bridge with large bulbous nose, and anteverted nostrils; (3) the skeletal defects are mild-to-moderate and do not progress or cause relevant orthopedic complications; (4) the neurological/behavioral phenotype does not progress and the paroxysmal events (if present) tend to decrease over time; (5) only three patients developed early onset (treatable) cataracts. Different pathologic hypotheses have been postulated, including, early or late postzygotic mutations involving the same gene loci (in the context of the so-called dydymotic theory): such mechanisms can explain the overall skin, bone, lens, and nervous system phenomena of migration of different streaks of clones in the different tissues.
Microcephaly-Capillary Malformation Syndrome
Authors: Polizzi Agata , Garozzo Maria , Pirrone Concetta , Zanghì Antonio , Salafia Stefania , Praticò Elena , Sullo Federica , Mendola Flavia , Ruggieri Martino , Resta Nicoletta , Praticò Andrea 
Published: August 2018

AbstractMicrocephaly-capillary malformation is a relatively new syndrome, which has been reported since 2011 by three different research groups. It is an ultra-rare syndrome characterized by the co-occurrence of microcephaly and multiple capillary malformations in the skin, distal limb anomalies (ranging from nail dystrophy to total absence of one or more phalanxes and mostly localized in the foot), facial dysmorphisms, brain structural anomalies (reduced gyration, widened axial spaces, thin cortex, optic nerve atrophy), early-onset severe intractable epilepsy, and profound mental delay. Autosomal recessive mutations in STAMBP gene (2p13.1) have been reported as the only cause of the disorder, with a high penetrance. Currently, no definitive cure is available for the disorder, and treatment is mainly based on multiple antiepileptic drugs for the treatment of seizures, especially in the first years of life. Data on life-long concerns have not been reported, the older patient described so far being an 8-year-old boy.
Visceral Artery Aneurysms and Pseudoaneurysms: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Endovascular Management
Authors: Kapoor Baljendra , Karuppasamy Karunakaravel , Ju Connie 
Published: August 2018

AbstractVisceral artery aneurysms (VAAs) are rare entities arising from several locations in the mesenteric vasculature. The etiology, clinical presentation, and subsequent management of these aneurysms vary widely. Although true aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms can present similarly on imaging, by definition they are distinct in their structural composition and hence may require tailored interventional planning. Treatment conventionally involves open surgery, endovascular intervention or careful observation. Recently, endovascular approaches have shown increasing popularity given the higher success rates and shorter lengths of stay with these procedures versus surgery. Optimal endovascular treatment planning is determined by the interventionalist based on unique features of each aneurysm and underlying vascular anatomy. This article reviews the etiology, diagnosis, and endovascular management for VAAs and pseudoaneurysms.