bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Faktor-Faktor Motivasi Dari Finansial, Psikologi, Dan Sosial Terhadap Prestasi Kerja Pegawai
Authors: Effendi Hud , Warjio Warjio , Kariono Kariono 
Published: June 2018

<p><em>Seorang Kepala Puskesmas adalah orang yang melakukan sesuatu melalui orang lain, dengan membagi dan mengalokasikan tugas-tugas kepada bawahannya. Keberhasilan Kepala Puskesmas ditentukan oleh seberapa jauh Pegawai menjalankan tugas yang telah diberikan dengan baik.</em><em style="font-size: 1.17em;">Seorang Pegawai mungkin menjalankan pekerjaan yang dibebankan kepadanya dengan baik, mungkin juga tidak. Namun, bila tugas yang dibebankan kepada Pegawai tidak bisa terlaksana dengan baik, maka Kepala Puskesmas perlu menganalisis apa penyebabnya. Dalam hal ini, kemungkinan-kemungkinan yang dapat terjadi adalah, pertama, Pegawai memang tidak mempunyai kemampuan untuk menyelesaikan pekerjaan yang ditugaskan. Kedua, Pegawai tidak mempunyai motivasi untuk bekerja dengan baik. Kemungkinan yang ketiga, bisa jadi merupakan kombinasi atau gabungan dari kedua faktor tersebut</em><em>Pegawai yang bekerja dengan motivasi tinggi merupakan harapan Puskemas Simpang Kiri. Pegawai yang memiliki motivasi untuk bekerja tidak sama dengan orang yang bekerja dengan motivasi yang tinggi. Pegawai yang bekerja dengan motivasi tinggi ini pada umumnya beranggapan bahwa bekerja hanya karena harus mematuhi kebutuhan yang vital bagi diri dan keluarganya.</em><em>Studi tentang motivasi kerja (yang menyangkut faktor finansial, faktor psikologis dan faktor sosial) terhadap prestasi kerja Pegawai dilakukan pada Puskesmas Simpang Kiri Kecamatan Tenggulun Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang.</em><em>Pada saat penelitian dilakukan (akhir tahun 2016), jumlah Pegawai Puskesmas Simpang Kiri Kecamatan Tenggulun Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang tersebut tercatat 65 orang. Jumlah Pegawai ini sekaligus pula merupakan populasi data penelitian ini.</em></p><p> </p>
Hipócrates não inventou nada: Terapias populares em inscrições de cura
Authors: Prêtre Clarisse 
Published: June 2018

Há muito tempo tem se pensado que a medicina hipocrática na antiguidade era oposta à medicina divina: Uma era racional, a outra era uma mistura de superstição e religião. Este artigo pretende demonstrar por meio de alguns exemplos das fontes textuais da Grécia antiga, que ambas as medicinas, uma dos deuses e a outra dos homens, exploraram os mesmos fundos empíricos das técnicas tradicionais de tratamento. Pretendemos agora matizar esta divisão demasiadamente esquemática entre as duas medicinas.
Wandelnde Horizonte des Weltwissens
Authors: Ito Toshiko 
Published: June 2018

*Full article is in GermanChanging Horizons of World Knowledge: On the Presentation of Space in
Primary School Geography Textbooks of the Japanese EmpireEnglish abstractThe presentation of space in primary geography textbooks of the Japanese
Empire (1868–1945) changed according to the political climate. In the liberal
phase of the 1870s, Japanese geography schoolbooks dealt with the entire earth. In
the revisionist phase of the 1880s, in order to encourage a sense of national identity,
no knowledge of lands outside of Japan was imparted to lower primary school
students. In the phase of colonial expansion from the 1890s, the world reemerged
in geography school books, with an increasing emphasis on the reorganisation of
East Asia. Drawing on premodern mythology, primary geography textbooks served
to consolidate the Japanese concept of empire in accordance with the respective
political situation.
German abstractDie Raumvorstellung in den elementaren Geographieschulbüchern
des Japanischen Kaiserreichs (1868–1945) änderte sich mit dem politischen Klima.
In der liberalen Phase der 1870er Jahre behandelten die Geographieschulbücher
alle Erdräume. In der revisionistischen Phase der 1880er Jahre wurde den unteren
Grundschülern zur Wahrung der nationalen Identität kein Wissen über die Erdräume
außerhalb Japans vermittelt. In der kolonialen Expansionsphase ab den
1890er Jahren fanden die Erdräume außerhalb Japans wieder Eingang in die Geographieschulbücher,
wobei die Neuordnung Ostasiens immer stärker betont wurde.
Auf der vormodernen Mythologie basierend dienten die elementaren Geographieschulbücher
der Festigung des japanischen Reichsgedankens nach Maßgabe der
jeweiligen politischen Lage.Keywords: Geographieschulbücher, Großostasiatische Wohlstandssphäre, Japanisches Kaiserreich, koloniale Expansion, nationale Identität, Raumvorstellung
Taxonomy and reproductive biology of the genus <i>Zephyranthes</i> Herb. (Liliaceae) in Bangladesh
Authors: Afroz Sumona , Rahman M. Oliur , Hassan Md. Abul 
Published: June 2018

The genus Zephyranthes Herb. is revised along with its pollination mechanism, seed germination and vegetative propagation. Detailed taxonomy of four Zephyranthes species occurring in Bangladesh, namely, Z. atamasco (L.) Herb., Z. candida (Lindl.) Herb., Z. carinata Herb. and Z. tubispatha (L’Her.) Herb. ex Traub. was studied with their updated nomenclature, important synonyms, phenology, specimens examined, habitat, distribution, economic value and mode of propagation. A dichotomous bracketed key is provided for easy identification of the species. Pollination investigation reveals that all studied species of Zephyranthes are self-pollinated. Minimum five days were required for germination of seeds in Z. atamasco, and three days each in Z. candida, Z. carinata and Z. tubispatha. Pseudovivipary type of germination has been reported in Z. candida and Z. carinata for the first time. The maximum number of seeds (30) per fruit are produced in Z. tubispatha, whereas the minimum seeds (2) per fruit are found in Z. atamasco. Vegetative propagation through bulb was found more suitable than seeds in Z. atamasco, Z. candida and Z. carinata. Pollen viability has been found 100% in Z. candida, and Z. tubispatha, whereas, Z. atamasco and Z. carinata have shown 80% and 98% viability, respectively. Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 25(1): 57-69, 2018 (June)
Effectively Quantifying the Performance of Lower-Limb Exoskeletons Over a Range of Walking Conditions
Authors: Gordon Daniel F. N. , Henderson Graham , Vijayakumar Sethu 
Published: June 2018

Exoskeletons and other wearable robotic devices have a wide range of potential applications, including assisting patients with walking pathologies, acting as tools for rehabilitation, and enhancing the capabilities of healthy humans. However, applying these devices effectively in a real-world setting can be challenging, as the optimal design features and control commands for an exoskeleton are highly dependent on the current user, task and environment. Consequently, robust metrics and methods for quantifying exoskeleton performance are required. This work presents an analysis of walking data collected for healthy subjects walking with an active pelvis exoskeleton over three assistance scenarios and five walking contexts. Spatial and temporal, kinematic, kinetic and other novel dynamic gait metrics were compared to identify which metrics exhibit desirable invariance properties, and so are good candidates for use as a stability metric over varying walking conditions. Additionally, using a model-based approach, the average metabolic power consumption was calculated for a subset of muscles crossing the hip, knee and ankle joints, and used to analyse how the energy-reducing properties of an exoskeleton are affected by changes in walking context. The results demonstrated that medio-lateral centre of pressure displacement and medio-lateral margin of stability exhibit strong invariance to changes in walking conditions. This suggests that these dynamic gait metrics are optimised in human gait and are potentially suitable metrics for optimising in an exoskeleton control paradigm. The effectiveness of the exoskeleton at reducing human energy expenditure was observed to increase when walking on an incline, where muscles aiding in hip flexion were assisted, but decrease when walking at a slow speed. These results underline the need for adaptive control algorithms for exoskeletons if they are to be used in varied environments.
Why the Shock-ICME Complex Structure Is Important: Learning from the Early 2017 September CMEs
Authors: Shen Chenglong , Xu Mengjiao , Wang Yuming , Chi Yutian , Luo Bingxian 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
In the early days of 2017 September, an exceptionally energetic solar active region AR 12673 aroused great interest in the solar physics community. It produced four X class flares, more than 20 coronal mass ejections (CMEs), and an intense geomagnetic storm, for which the peak value of the Dst index reached up to −142 nT at 2017 September 8 02:00 UT. In this work, we check the interplanetary and solar source of this intense geomagnetic storm. We find that this geomagnetic storm was mainly caused by a shock-interplanetary CME (ICME) complex structure, which was formed by a shock driven by the 2017 September 6 CME propagating into a previous ICME, which was the interplanetary counterpart of the 2017 September 4 CME. To better understand the role of this structure, we conduct a quantitative analysis on the enhancement of ICME’s geoeffectiveness induced by the shock compression. The analysis shows that the shock compression enhanced the intensity of this geomagnetic storm by a factor of two. Without shock compression, there would have been only a moderate geomagnetic storm with a peak Dst value of ∼−79 nT. In addition, the analysis of the proton flux signature inside the shock-ICME complex structure shows that this structure also enhanced the solar energetic particle intensity by a factor of approximately five. These findings illustrate that the shock-ICME complex structure is a very important factor in solar physics study and space weather forecast.
The Distance to the Galaxy Coma P
Authors: Anand Gagandeep S. , Tully R. Brent , Karachentsev Igor D. , Makarov Dmitry I. , Makarova Lidia , Rizzi Luca , Shaya Edward J. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
If the extremely low surface-brightness galaxy Coma P lies at 5.5 ± 0.3 Mpc, as recently proposed, then it would have an extraordinarily deviant peculiar velocity of ∼900 km s−1 at a location where differential velocities between galaxies are low. We have accessed the images from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) archives used to derive the literature distance from the magnitude of the tip of the red giant branch. Our analysis gives the distance to be 10.9 ± 1.0 Mpc. At this location the galaxy lies within the infall region of the Virgo Cluster, such that its still considerable peculiar velocity of ∼500 km s−1 is consistent with an established model. Coma P has an unusually pronounced asymptotic giant branch (AGB) relative to its red giant branch. The dominant stellar population is just a few Gyr old.
Neutron-capture Elements in Planetary Nebulae: First Detections of Near-infrared [Te iii] and [Br v] Emission Lines*

†
Authors: Madonna Simone , Bautista Manuel , Dinerstein Harriet L. , Sterling N. C. , García-Rojas Jorge , Kaplan Kyle F. , Rubio-Díez Maria del Mar , Castro-Rodríguez Nieves , Garzón Francisco 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
We have identified two new near-infrared (NIR) emission lines in the spectra of planetary nebulae arising from heavy elements produced by neutron-capture reactions: [Te iii] 2.1019 μm and [Br v] 1.6429 μm. [Te iii] was detected in both NGC 7027 and IC 418, while [Br v] was seen in NGC 7027. The observations were obtained with the medium-resolution spectrograph Espectrógrafo Multiobjeto Infra-Rojo (EMIR) on the 10.4 m Gran Telescopio Canarias at La Palma, and with the high-resolution Immersion GRating INfrared Spectrometer (IGRINS) on the 2.7 m Harlan J. Smith telescope at McDonald Observatory. New calculations of atomic data for these ions, specifically A-values and collision strengths, are presented and used to derive ionic abundances of Te2+ and Br4+. We also derive ionic abundances of other neutron-capture elements detected in the NIR spectra, and estimate total elemental abundances of Se, Br, Kr, Rb, and Te after correcting for unobserved ions. Comparison of our derived enrichments to theoretical predictions from asymptotic giant branch (AGB) evolutionary models shows reasonable agreement for solar metallicity progenitor stars of ∼2–4 M
⊙. The spectrally isolated [Br v] 1.6429 μm line has advantages for determining nebular Br abundances over optical [Br iii] emission lines that can be blended with other features. Finally, measurements of Te are of special interest because this element lies beyond the first peak of the s-process, and thus provides new leverage on the abundance pattern of trans-iron species produced by AGB stars.
Ouvrir l’université sur le monde économique et instaurer une orientation rationnelle : aux origines de la création des IUT
Authors: Le Nir Michel , Seguy Jean-Yves 
Published: June 2018

Avec la création des IUT en 1966, l’enseignement supérieur connaît une évolution remarquable. Cette création, qui s’inscrit dans le prolongement d’un ensemble de réformes des années 1960 est emblématique d’un double questionnement fondateur de la politique gaullienne de l’enseignement : celui du lien entre l’école et le monde économique, et celui de l’orientation. Cet article s’intéresse à la manière dont cette préoccupation est interrogée, en particulier à l’occasion des travaux de la commission des IFTS (Instituts de formation technique supérieure) animée par le secrétaire général du ministère, Pierre Laurent. Ces travaux et le texte de janvier 1966 créant les IUT sont révélateurs des avancées de la réflexion sur la place de l’enseignement technologique dans le supérieur, mais aussi des contradictions qui traversent la mise en œuvre de cette nouvelle formation. Les questions non totalement tranchées, sur les conditions de recrutement, sur la durée de la formation, sur la concurrence avec les autres formations analogues, apparaissent susceptibles d’expliquer certains des débats qui ont traversé toute l’histoire des IUT.
Peur coloniale et politisation des immigrants chiites sud-libanais au Sénégal dans l’entre-deux-guerres
Authors: Charnay Julien 
Published: June 2018

Cet article étudie la politisation des immigrés chiites originaires de Sud-Liban ou Jabal ‘Âmil qui se sont établis au Sénégal, et plus particulièrement à Dakar, principale porte d’entrée de l’Afrique occidentale française tout au long de la période coloniale. Il montre l’étendue de réseaux politiques nationalistes animés par des immigrés pleinement engagés dans les débats et controverses de la Nahda – terme utilisé dans le champ politique pour célébrer et promouvoir le réveil politique des Arabes –, et les clivages traversant la nébuleuse nationaliste syrienne dans l’entre-deux-guerres. Les contradictions de la politique mandataire française se trouvent alors de plus en plus contestées par une nouvelle génération de propagandistes, intransigeants dans leur volonté d’indépendance et révolutionnaires dans leur définition d’une communauté nationale syrienne. Ces réseaux offrent ainsi aux immigrés la possibilité de contester l’impérialisme français par ses marges. Derrière un vocabulaire religieux et la peur de diffusion du panislamisme en Afrique noire, majoritairement musulmane, les administrateurs coloniaux, convaincus du potentiel subversif de l’islam dans la contestation de l’ordre colonial par les Africains, redoutent surtout l’intégration de l’AOF dans un monde musulman de plus en plus conscient de lui-même depuis le début du siècle.
Les étrangers, cibles de l'état d'urgence permanent
Authors: Foegle Jean-Philippe 
Published: June 2018

Si, depuis des années, la figure de l'étranger n'est appréhendée que sous l'angle du contrôle, les dernières avancées technologiques rendent compte d'une logique prédictive, fondée sur le fantasme de pouvoir prévenir des comportements futurs et neutraliser des personnes estimées dangereuses. On glisse vers une politique de contrôle individuel des étrangers qui s'alimente des dispositifs de surveillance de la menace terroriste, comme si étrangers et terroristes en puissance avaient un point commun : leur dangerosité. Quand l'état d'urgence sert de justification à l'amalgame fallacieux fait entre flux migratoires et terrorisme.
Legs et leçons de la guerre d'Algérie
Authors: Blanchard Emmanuel 
Published: June 2018

L'état d'urgence est proclamé en 1955 en France, en pleine guerre d'Algérie, pour mettre « hors d'état de nuire » ces « Français musulmans », désignés comme des « terroristes », en accordant des pouvoirs exceptionnels aux autorités administratives et aux forces de l'ordre. Soixante ans plus tard, c'est au nom de la lutte contre le terrorisme que ce dispositif exceptionnel est réactivé, aboutissant aux même dérives attentoires à l'État de droit.
The IAGOS NOx instrument – design, operation and first results from deployment aboard passenger aircraft
Authors: Berkes Florian , Houben Norbert , Bundke Ulrich , Franke Harald , Pätz Hans-Werner , Rohrer Franz , Wahner Andreas , Petzold Andreas 
Published: June 2018

Abstract. We describe the nitrogen oxide instrument designed for the autonomous operation on board passenger aircraft in the framework of the European Research Infrastructure IAGOS (In-service Aircraft for a Global Observing System). We demonstrate the performance of the instrument using data from two deployment periods aboard an A340-300 aircraft of Deutsche Lufthansa. The well-established chemiluminescence detection method is used to measure nitrogen monoxide (NO) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). NOx is measured using a photolytic converter, and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is determined from the difference between NOx and NO. This technique allows measuring at high time resolution (4 s) and high precision in the low ppt range (NO: 2σ = 24 pptv; NOx: 2σ = 35 pptv) over different ambient temperature and ambient pressure altitude ranges (from surface pressure down to 190 hPa). The IAGOS NOx instrument is characterized for (1) calibration stability and total uncertainty, (2) humidity and chemical interferences (e.g., ozone; nitrous acid, HONO; peroxyacetyl nitrate, PAN) and (3) inter-instrumental precision. We demonstrate that the IAGOS NOx instrument is a robust, fully automated, and long-term stable instrument suitable for unattended operation on airborne platforms, which provides useful measurements for future air quality studies and emission estimates.
Riverine carbon export in the arid to semiarid Wuding River catchment on the Chinese Loess Plateau
Authors: Ran Lishan , Tian Mingyang , Fang Nufang , Wang Suiji , Lu Xixi , Yang Xiankun , Cho Frankie 
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Riverine export of terrestrially derived carbon represents a key component of
the global carbon cycle. In this study we quantify the fate of riverine
carbon within the Wuding River catchment on the Chinese Loess Plateau. Export
of dissolved organic and inorganic carbon (DOC and DIC) exhibited pronounced
spatial and temporal variability. While DOC concentration first presented a
downward trend along the river course and then increased in the main-stem
river, it showed no significant seasonal differences and was not sensitive to
flow dynamics. This likely reflects the predominance of groundwater input
over the entire year and its highly stable DOC. DIC concentration in the
loess subcatchment is significantly higher than that in the sandy
subcatchment, due largely to dissolution of carbonates that are abundant in
loess. In addition, bulk particulate organic carbon content (POC%) showed
strong seasonal variability with low values in the wet season owing to input
of deeper soils by gully erosion. The downstream carbon flux was
(7.0 ± 1.9) × 1010 g C yr−1 and dominated by DIC
and POC. Total CO2 emissions from water surface were
(3.7 ± 0.6) × 1010 g C yr−1. Radiocarbon analysis
revealed that the degassed CO2 was 810–1890 years old, indicating
the release of old carbon previously stored in soil horizons. Riverine carbon
export in the Wuding River catchment has been greatly modified by check dams.
Our estimate shows that carbon burial through sediment storage was
(7.8 ± 4.1) × 1010 g C yr−1, representing
42 % of the total riverine carbon export from terrestrial ecosystems on
an annual basis ((18.5 ± 4.5) × 1010 g C yr−1).
Moreover, the riverine carbon export accounted for 16 % of the
catchment's net ecosystem production (NEP). It appears that a significant
fraction of terrestrial NEP in this arid to semiarid
catchment is laterally transported from the terrestrial biosphere to the
drainage network.
Observations and modelling of algal growth on a snowpack in north-western Greenland
Authors: Onuma Yukihiko , Takeuchi Nozomu , Tanaka Sota , Nagatsuka Naoko , Niwano Masashi , Aoki Teruo 
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Snow algal bloom is a common phenomenon on melting
snowpacks in polar and alpine regions and can substantially increase snow melt
rates due to the effect of albedo reduction on the snow surface.
In order to reproduce algal growth on the snow surface using a numerical
model, temporal changes in snow algal abundance were investigated on the
Qaanaaq Glacier in north-western Greenland from June to August 2014. Snow algae
first appeared at the study sites in late June, which was approximately 94 h
after air temperatures exceeded the melting point. Algal abundance increased
exponentially after this appearance, but the increasing rate became slow after
late July, and finally reached 3.5 × 107 cells m−2 in
early August. We applied a logistic model to the algal growth curve and found
that the algae could be reproduced with an initial cell concentration of
6.9 × 102 cells m−2, a growth rate of 0.42 d−1,
and a carrying capacity of 3.5 × 107 cells m−2 on this
glacier. This model has the potential to simulate algal blooms from
meteorological data sets and to evaluate their impact on the melting of
seasonal snowpacks and glaciers.