bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
S100A16suppresses the growth and survival of leukaemia cells and correlates with relapse and relapse free survival in adults with Philadelphia chromosome‐negative B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
Authors: Zhang Jing , Lu Wen‐Yi , Zhang Jia‐Min , Lu Run‐Qing , Wu Li‐Xin , Qin Ya‐Zhen , Liu Yan‐Rong , Lai Yue‐Yun , Jiang Hao , Jiang Qian , Jiang Bin , Xu Lan‐Ping , Zhang Xiao‐Hui , Huang Xiao‐Jun , Ruan Guo‐Rui , Liu Kai‐Yan 
Published: March 2019

SummaryRefinement of risk stratification in Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)‐negative B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) might aid the identification of patients who are likely to relapse. AbnormalS100 calcium binding proteinA16 (S100A16) has been implicated in various cancers, but its function remains unclear. We foundS100A16transcript levels were higher in 130 adults with newly‐diagnosed Ph‐negative B‐cellALLcompared with 33 healthy controls. In 115 of 130 patients who achieved first complete remission, those with highS100A16transcript levels displayed a lower 3‐year cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR; 34% [21, 47%] vs. 40% [48, 72%];P = 0·012) and higher 3‐year relapse‐free survival (RFS; 65% [53, 78%] vs. 35% [23, 46%];P = 0·012), especially when receiving chemotherapy only. In multivariate analysis a lowS100A16transcript level was independently‐associated with a higherCIR(Hazard ratio [HR] = 3·74 [1·01–13·82];P = 0·048) and inferiorRFS(HR = 5·78 [1·91, 17·84];P < 0·001). Function analysis indicated that knockdown ofS100A16promoted proliferation and anti‐apoptosis and reduced chemosensitivity.S100A16over‐expression revealed an opposite trend, especially in a xeno‐transplant mouse model. Western blotting analysis showed upregulation ofPI3K/AKTandERK1/2 inS100A16‐knockdown andS100A16‐overexpression B‐cellALLcell lines respectively. Inhibition assays suggested these two signalling pathways participated in theS100A16‐mediated proliferation and survival effects in B‐cellALLcell lines.Trial Registration:Registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry [ChiCTR‐OCH‐10000940];http://www.chictr.org.cn.
The poor prognosis of low hypodiploidy in adults with B‐cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia is restricted to older adults and elderly patients
Authors: Ribera Jordi , Granada Isabel , Morgades Mireia , Vives Susana , Genescà Eulàlia , González Celia , Nomdedeu Josep , Escoda Lourdes , Montesinos Pau , Mercadal Santiago , Coll Rosa , González‐Campos José , Abella Eugenia , Barba Pere , Bermúdez Arancha , Gil Cristina , Tormo Mar , Pedreño María , Martínez‐Carballeira Daniel , Hernández‐Rivas Jesús‐María , Orfao Alberto , Martínez‐López Joaquín , Esteve Jordi , Bravo Pilar , Garcia‐Guiñon Antoni , Debén Guillermo , Moraleda José M. , Queizán José A. , Ortín Xavier , Moreno María J. , Feliu Evarist , Solé Francesc , Ribera Josep M. ,   the PETHEMA Group, Spanish Society of Haematology
Published: March 2019

SummaryThe prognostic significance of low‐hypodiploidy has not been extensively evaluated in minimal residual disease (MRD)‐oriented protocols for adult acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). We analysed the outcome of hypodiploid adult ALL patients treated within Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (PETHEMA) protocols. The 5‐year cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) of low‐hypodiploid B‐cell precursor (BCP)‐ALL was significantly higher than that of high‐hypodiploids (52% vs. 12%, P = 0.013). Low‐hypodiploid BCP‐ALL patients aged ≤35 years showed superior survival (71% vs. 21%, P = 0.026) and lower 5‐year CIR (17% vs. 66%, P = 0.090) than low‐hypodiploids aged >35 years. Older adults and elderly low‐hypodiploid BCP‐ALL patients show dismal prognosis although achieving an end‐induction good MRD response.
Canopy tree preference by insectivorous birds in shade‐coffee farms: Implications for migratory bird conservation
Authors: Narango Desirée L. , Tallamy Douglas W. , Snyder Kerry J. , Rice Robert A. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractLand converted to coffee agriculture occupies >5 million hectares of what was once prime overwintering natural habitat in the American Neotropics for migrating birds. When tree canopy is retained or restored (i.e., shade‐grown), coffee farms can serve as habitat refuge for wildlife. Yet few studies have examined whether canopy tree identity impacts habitat quality for biodiversity. Specifically, whether or not certain tree species are disproportionately important for foraging insectivorous birds remains unclear. In this study, we quantified bird foraging activity on 22 tree species in two Latin American Bird Friendly© coffee farms. Specifically, we conducted timed observations on focal trees to determine 1) tree preferences, 2) foraging bird abundance, 3) foraging time, and 4) species richness of birds using each canopy tree species. We found that birds did not forage randomly, and instead exhibited preferences for particular native tree species. Nitrogen‐fixing Fabaceae were consistently used more frequently, supported more resident and migratory birds for longer periods of time, and supported more bird species than trees in other families. We posit that the potential mechanism contributing to tree preferences is the increase in insect abundance and diversity that provide high‐quality food for insectivores but do not present pest problems for coffee. Thus, tree species that support insects may provide multiple benefits for farmers in the form of bottom‐up soil fertilization and top‐down pest control. This study provides evidence that agroforestry land can be improved for birds of conservation concern by prioritizing canopy tree species that help birds and farm productivity.
MolTarPred: A web tool for comprehensive target prediction with reliability estimation
Authors: Peón Antonio , Li Hongjian , Ghislat Ghita , Leung Kwong‐Sak , Wong Man‐Hon , Lu Gang , Ballester Pedro J. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMolecular target prediction can provide a starting point to understand the efficacy and side effects of phenotypic screening hits. Unfortunately, the vast majority of in silico target prediction methods are not available as web tools. Furthermore, these are limited in the number of targets that can be predicted, do not estimate which target predictions are more reliable and/or lack comprehensive retrospective validations. We present MolTarPred ( http://moltarpred.marseille.inserm.fr/), a user‐friendly web tool for predicting protein targets of small organic compounds. It is powered by a large knowledge base comprising 607,659 compounds and 4,553 macromolecular targets collected from the ChEMBL database. In about 1 min, the predicted targets for the supplied molecule will be listed in a table. The chemical structures of the query molecule and the most similar compounds annotated with the predicted target will also be shown to permit visual inspection and comparison. Practical examples of the use of MolTarPred are showcased. MolTarPred is a new resource for scientists that require a more complete knowledge of the polypharmacology of a molecule. The introduction of a reliability score constitutes an attractive functionality of MolTarPred, as it permits focusing experimental confirmatory tests on the most reliable predictions, which leads to higher prospective hit rates.
Tissue talks: immunophenotype of cells infiltrating the graft explains histological findings and the benefits of belatacept at 10 years
Authors: Furuzawa-Carballeda J , Uribe-Uribe N O , Arreola-Guerra J M , Reyes-Acevedo R , Vilatobá M , López-Toledo A , Mondragón-Salgado G , Chávez-Fernández R , López-Verdugo F , Mondragón-Ramírez G , Alberú J 
Published: March 2019

Summary
Previously, we found a substantial number of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and fewer senescent and T helper type 17 (Th17) and a decrease in interstitial fibrosis (IF) in 12-month graft biopsies in belatacept versus cyclosporin (CNI)-treated patients [Belatacept Evaluation of Nephroprotection and Efficacy as First-line Immunosuppression Trial (BENEFIT) study]. Seven years after kidney transplantation (KT), mean estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), patient and graft survival were significantly higher with belatacept versus CNI treatment. The aim of this study was to determine whether the immunophenotypes of inflammatory and regulatory cell subsets infiltrating the grafts contribute to the BENEFIT’s clinical findings a decade after KT. Twenty-three adult patients with functionally stable KT treated with belatacept and 10 treated with CNI were enrolled. Biopsies were analyzed by histomorphometry and immunohistochemistry for proliferation, senescence, apoptosis, inflammatory and regulatory cell markers in a blinded manner. Significantly lower percentages of inflammatory/fibrogenic cells [interleukin (IL)-22+/Th17/Th2/M1 macrophages] were observed in patients treated with belatacept than in patients treated with CNI. By contrast, remarkably higher percentages of regulatory cells [Tregs/Bregs/ plasmacytoid dendritic regulatory cells (pDCregs)/M2] were found in belatacept-treated patients than in CNI-treated patients. Conspicuously lower percentages of apoptosis and senescence and higher proliferation markers were found in belatacept-treated patients than in CNI-treated patients. Consequently, there was significantly more inflammation in the microvascular compartments as well as increased tubular atrophy and IF in CNI-treated patients. These findings strongly suggest that regulatory mechanisms, along with the absence of deleterious effects of CNI, contribute to the long-term graft histology and function stability in patients treated with belatacept.
The All‐on‐4 concept for full‐arch rehabilitation of the edentulous maxillae: A longitudinal study with 5‐13 years of follow‐up
Authors: Maló Paulo , de Araújo Nobre Miguel , Lopes Armando , Ferro Ana , Nunes Mariana 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundFull‐arch immediate function protocols such as the All‐on‐4 concept need long‐term validation.PurposeTo report the 5‐13 year outcomes of the All‐on‐4 treatment concept for the rehabilitation of the edentulous maxilla.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective case series study involved 1072 patients (4288 maxillary implants) rehabilitated through the All‐on‐4 treatment concept. Primary outcome measures were cumulative prosthetic and implant success (life table analysis). Secondary outcome measures consisted in marginal bone loss (MBL) at 5 and 10 years, biological and mechanical complications. The estimation of risk indicators was performed through multivariable analysis for the outcome variables implant failure (Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals [95% CI]), MBL > 2.8 mm at 5 years, MBL > 3.0 mm at 10 years, biological and mechanical complications (binary logistic regression to estimate odds ratios [OR] with 95% CI).ResultsEighteen patients deceased unrelated to the implant treatment (1.7%) and 219 patients (20.4%) were lost to follow‐up. The prosthetic success rate was 99.2%; Implant cumulative survival and success rate was 94.7% and 93.9%, respectively, with up to 13 years of follow‐up. Male gender (HR = 1.73), smoking (HR = 1.94), and mechanical complications (HR = 0.59) were significantly associated with implant failure. Average MBL at 5 and 10 years was 1.18 mm (95% CI: 1.16, 1.21) and 1.67 mm (95% CI: 1.58, 1.77) with age (OR = 0.97), male gender (OR = 0.58), smoking (OR = 1.73), and biological complications (OR = 2.1) associated with MBL > 2.8 mm at 5 years. The incidence of biological complications was 7.8% at implant level, with age (OR = 0.98) and smoking (OR = 1.53) significantly associated. The incidence of mechanical complications was 58.8% for the provisional prostheses and 7.3% for the definitive prostheses.ConclusionsThe high success rates registered for both implants and prostheses together with the low MBL confirm the All‐on‐4 treatment concept is predictable and safe in the long term outcome.
Adverse effect of smoking on cross‐sectional area of small pulmonary vessel and arterial stiffness in healthy smokers without COPD
Authors: Jo Hwang Hee , Park Mi Jung , Shin Hwa Seon , Choi Hye Young , Na Jae Boem , Choi Dae Seob , Choi Ho Cheol , Lee Sang Min , Lee Gyeong‐Won , Lee Seung Jun 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIntroductionBecause it induces systemic inflammation, smoking is a risk factor of atherosclerosis and pulmonary hypertension. The brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and cross‐sectional area (CSA) of small pulmonary vessels can be useful markers to assess early changes of arterial stiffness and pulmonary vascular alteration in smokers.ObjectivesThis study aimed to explore association between the CSA of small pulmonary vessel and arterial stiffness in healthy male smokers.MethodsWe enrolled 90 male non‐smokers and 90 male smokers (age: 51.5 ± 9.7 years and 52.1 ± 7.9 years, respectively). All subjects underwent chest computed tomography (CT), pulmonary function test and baPWV measurement. We evaluated the total CSAs less than 5 mm2 using ImageJ software and divided by the total lung area (%CSA<5). We compared the association between baPWV and %CSA<5 in two groups as well as correlations among the amount of smoking, baPWV and %CSA<5. Multiple linear regression analysis using %CSA<5 as the dependent variable was also performed.ResultsThe mean baPWV and mean %CSA<5 were significantly different between the smokers and non‐smokers. The pack‐years was significantly correlated with %CSA<5 (r = −0.631, P < 0.001) and baPWV (r = 0.534, P < 0.001) in smokers. In multiple linear regression analysis, age, pack‐years, FEV1/FVC and baPWV were associated with %CSA<5, regardless of body mass index, blood pressure and heart rate.ConclusionsThere is a dose‐response relationship between cigarette smoking and the CSA of small pulmonary vessels and arterial stiffness, respectively. Arterial stiffness, age, pack‐years and mild airflow impairment are independent predictors of small pulmonary vascular destruction in smokers.
Fall‐related mandible fractures in a Japanese population: A retrospective study
Authors: Nogami Shinnosuke , Yamauchi Kensuke , Bottini Gian B. , Otake Yoshio , Sai Yuko , Morishima Hiromitsu , Higuchi Keisuke , Ito Ko , Gaggl Alexander , Takahashi Tetsu 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackground/AimMaxillofacial trauma is frequent and represents a heavy burden for patients and society. The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics and management of mandibular fractures caused by falls.Material and methodsOne hundred thirty‐nine patients with 185 mandible fractures caused by falls were included in this retrospective study. The patients were grouped according to age, gender, fitness level (as classified by the American Society of Anesthesiology physical status classification), the month of the accident, sites of fractures and treatment methods.ResultsMost adult and fit patients were treated with open reduction and internal fixation, except for intracapsular condyle fractures. Conservative management was chosen for paediatric patients and in all cases deemed at high risk for lengthy procedures under general anaesthesia (physical status III according to the American Society of Anesthesiology). Young patients were mainly males, whereas geriatric patients were mainly females. In cases of single‐site fracture, condylar fractures were the most prevalent. In cases with multiple sites, the association of condyle and symphysis fractures was the most frequent.ConclusionsThe results show an increasing trend in geriatric condyle fractures, especially in females. The epidemiology of fall‐related mandibular fractures is subject to the influence of seasonal, historical, cultural and demographic factors.
Clinicopathological and molecular characteristics of extramedullary acute myeloid leukaemia
Authors: Ullman David I , Dorn David , Jones Jeffery A , Fasciano Danielle , Ping Zheng , Kanakis Constantine , Koenig Richard G , Salzman Donna , Peker Deniz 
Published: March 2019

AimsMyeloid sarcoma (MS) is a rare extramedullary neoplasm composed of immature myeloid precursor cells thought to be a unique clinical presentation of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Like AML, MS has a poor prognosis, but due to the rare nature of MS there are limited studies examining potential prognostic factors. We report our institutional experience, with the aim of investigating and establishing salient clinicopathological and molecular features of MS.Methods and resultsWe retrospectively examined all clinicopathological and molecular data on MS patients between 2001 and 2017 from the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) electronic medical records. The UAB electronic medical records were also reviewed and compared with the literature for other potential prognostic factors. Sixty‐three patients were included in the study. The median overall survival was 24 months in the group with normal karyotype and 12 months in patients with an abnormal karyotype.ConclusionsWe found that an abnormal karyotype was associated with a statistically significant worse prognosis.
EIF3E–RSPO2 and PIEZO1–RSPO2 fusions in colorectal traditional serrated adenoma
Authors: Hashimoto Taiki , Ogawa Reiko , Yoshida Hiroshi , Taniguchi Hirokazu , Kojima Motohiro , Saito Yutaka , Sekine Shigeki 
Published: March 2019

AimsTraditional serrated adenoma (TSA) is an uncommon type of colorectal serrated polyp. RSPO fusions, which potentiate WNT signalling, are common and characteristic genetic alterations in TSA. The aim of this study was to further characterise the prevalence and variation of RSPO fusions in TSA.Methods and resultsQuantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of 99 TSAs revealed overexpression of RSPO2 and RSPO3 in six and 29 lesions, respectively. Reverse transcription PCR identified previously reported PTPRK–RSPO3 fusion transcripts in all 29 TSAs with RSPO3 overexpression, confirming that PTPRK–RSPO3 is the predominant RSPO fusion in TSAs. Among the six lesions with RSPO2 overexpression, two overexpressed full‐length RSPO2. An EIF3E–RSPO2 fusion, which is a known recurrent RSPO fusion in colorectal cancer, was detected in three lesions. In addition, rapid amplification of cDNA ends identified a novel PIEZO1–RSPO2 fusion in one TSA. All of the four TSAs with RSPO2 fusions concurrently had KRAS mutations and showed the classic histological features.ConclusionsThe present study identified EIF3E–RSPO2 and PIEZO1–RSPO2 in TSAs. Our observations expand the spectrum of RSPO fusions in TSAs, and suggest that TSAs are precursors of colorectal cancers with these RSPO2 fusions.
EGFR and KRAS mutations in Chinese patients with sinonasal inverted papilloma and oncocytic papilloma
Authors: Wang Huan , Li Hongbing , Hu Li , Zhou Jiaying , Zhai Changwen , Wang Dehui , Sun Xicai 
Published: March 2019

AimsSinonasal inverted papilloma (SIP) and sinonasal oncocytic papilloma (SOP) are uncommon, benign epithelial neoplasms located in the sinonasal region, that have the potential for malignant transformation. A recent study reported that EGFR and KRAS mutations occurred in the majority of Western patients with SIP and SOP, respectively. The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of KRAS and EGFR mutations in Chinese SIP and SOP patients, and to study the association between molecular alterations and their clinical features.Methods and resultsWe retrospectively collected 80 sinonasal papilloma specimens, including 44 cases with SIP, 33 cases with SOP, and three cases with mixed sinonasal papilloma, which harboured elements of both inverted and oncocytic types. Formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded tissues were used to extract genomic DNA, and EGFR and KRAS mutations were evaluated with direct Sanger sequencing. Thirty‐five (78%) SIP patients harboured EGFR mutations, and all mutations were exon 20 insertions, whereas no KRAS mutations were detected. In contrast, KRAS mutations were detected in 82% of SOP patients, but no EGFR mutations were detected. Among the three mixed‐type cases, two harboured both EGFR exon 20 insertions and KRAS mutations. Another case harboured a KRAS mutation, but no EGFR mutation was detected.ConclusionSIP and SOP are two clinical entities with different genetic mutational patterns of EGFR and KRAS. Mixed types with elements of both SIP and SOP may harbour both EGFR and KRAS mutations.
Impact of sex difference on survival of bladder cancer: A population‐based registry data in Japan
Authors: Nakayama Masashi , Ito Yuri , Hatano Koji , Nakai Yasutomo , Kakimoto Ken‐ichi , Miyashiro Isao , Nishimura Kazuo 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveTo investigate the impact of sex on the prognosis of bladder cancer in Japan.MethodsIn total, 18 728 patients diagnosed as having bladder cancer from 1993 to 2006 were registered in population‐based cancer registries of six prefectures in Japan. We estimated relative survival by sex, age, clinical stage at initial diagnosis and pathology.ResultsPatients included 14 203 men (75.8%) and 4525 women (24.2%). The stage at initial diagnosis in women was significantly higher than in men (P < 0.0001). Pathologically, women were more likely to have non‐urothelial cancer than men (women 18.0%, men 9.5%, P < 0.0001). The 5‐year relative survival was 80.3% for men and 67.7% for women. The 5‐year relative survival was 93.0% for men and 87.7% for women in the localized cancer group, 34.8% for men and 23.9% for women in the locally advanced cancer group, and 7.1% for men and 8.3% for women in the metastatic cancer group. The relative survival of women was worse than that of men in the localized cancer group (hazard ratio 1.29, 95% confidence interval 1.05–1.57; P = 0.0145) and locally advanced cancer group (hazard ratio 1.32, 95% confidence interval 1.15–1.52; P = 0.0001), but not different in the metastatic cancer group (hazard ratio 1.04, 95% confidence interval 0.87–1.25; P = 0.6555).ConclusionsPopulation‐based registry data in Japan show that the cancer stage at initial diagnosis is higher in women than in men, and women with localized or locally advanced bladder cancer have a worse prognosis compared with men.