bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analisis GCMS terhadap Senyawa Fitokimia Ekstrak Metanol Ganoderma lucidum
Authors: Surahmaida Surahmaida , Sudarwati Tri Puji Lestari , Junairiah Junairiah 
Published: October 2019

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis senyawa fitokimia ekstrak metanol Ganoderma lucidum dengan metode GCMS. Tahapan penelitian ini meliputi proses ekstraksi serbuk halus G. lucidum menggunakan pelarut metanol dengan metode maserasi selama 3x3 hari dan ekstrak metanol G. lucidum yang didapatkan dianalisis dengan alat GCMS. Senyawa fitokimia yang teridentifikasi oleh GCMS antara lain thiophene, 2-hexyl-; 3-((3-Acetoxythyl)-6-acetoxymethyl-2,4-dimethyl)phenyl)-2-methyl-(E)-2-propenyl acetate; 2,7-Diphenylindole; dan 5-(2-Bromophenyl)-7-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa senyawa fitokimia pada ekstrak metanol G. lucidum memiliki efek farmakologis bagi kesehatan manusia dan aktivitas biologis lainnya. Katakunci: Ganoderma lucidum, senyawa fitokimia, GCMS AbstractThis study aims to analyze the phytochemical compounds of methanol extract of Ganoderma lucidum using the GCMS method. The stages of this study include extraction of fine powder G. lucidum using methanol solvent by maceration method for 3x3 days and methanol extract of G. lucidum obtained were analyzed by GCMS. Phytochemical compounds identified by GCMS is thiophene, 2-hexyl-; 3 - ((3-Acetoxythyl) -6-acetoxymethyl-2,4-dimethyl) phenyl) -2-methyl- (E) -2-propenyl acetate; 2,7-Diphenylindole; and 5- (2-Bromophenyl) -7-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,4-benzodiazepine-2-one. It can be concluded that phytochemical compounds in methanol extract of G. lucidum have pharmacological effects on human health and other biological activities. Keywords: Ganoderma lucidum, phytochemical compounds, GCMS
Senyawa Bioaktif Daun Kumis Kucing (Orthosiphon stamineus)
Authors: Surahmaida Surahmaida , Umarudin Umarudin , Junairiah Junairiah 
Published: October 2019

AbstrakDaun kumis kucing (Orthosiphon stamineus) umumnya digunakan sebagai tanaman obat keluarga, hal ini diduga karena senyawa bioaktif yang terkandung didalamnya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui senyawa bioaktif ekstrak n-heksana daun kumis kucing (Orthosiphon stamineus) menggunakan GCMS. Hasil senyawa bioaktif yang teridentifikasi ekstrak n-heksana daun kumis kucing mengandung 1,1-Dicyclopentylethane; Bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2,6-diene-1,2,3,4,4,5,6-d(7); n-Butyl palmitate; 1-oxo03.alpa.-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-6.alpa.-methyl-6a.alpa.-carbomethoxy-1,3,3a.alpa.,6a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]furan; 1,1,3,3,5,5,7,7,9,9,11,11,13,13-tetradecamethylheptasiloxane; 1,4-bis(trimethylsilyl)-benzene dan Silicone grease, Siliconfett. Senyawa-senyawa bioaktif ekstrak n-heksana daun kumis kucing tersebut kemudian dianalisis aktivitas biologi dan farmakologisnya. Katakunci: Orthosiphon stamineus, senyawa bioaktif, GCMS AbstractThe leaves of cat whiskers (Orthosiphon stamineus) are generally used as family medicinal plants, this is thought to be due to the bioactive compounds contained therein. The purpose of this study was to find out the bioactive compounds of n-hexane extract of cat whiskers (Orthosiphon stamineus) using GCMS. The results of bioactive compounds identified with n-hexane extract of cat whiskers containing 1,1-Dicyclopentylethane; Bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2,6-diene-1,2,3,4,4,5,6-d(7); n-Butyl palmitate; 1-oxo03.alpa.-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-6.alpa.-methyl-6a.alpa.-carbomethoxy-1,3,3a.alpa.,6a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]furan; 1,1,3,3,5,5,7,7,9,9,11,11,13,13-tetradecamethylheptasiloxane; 1,4-bis(trimethylsilyl)-benzene and Silicone grease, Siliconfett. The bioactive compounds of the n-hexane extract of the cat's whiskers leaves were then analyzed for their biological and pharmacological activities. Keywords: Orthosiphon stamineus, bioactive compound, GCMS
Fiscal policy and foreign trade as a determinant of economic development – focus Kosovo
Authors: Tërstena Arben , Mehmeti Ismail , Krasniqi Sokol 
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this paper is to identify the role of fiscal policy in Kosovo, comparing with the Western Balkan countries, in the trends of economic development, which are related to the international market, and how to achieve the objectives of the economy of Kosovo, penetrating the foreign market of local companies, using fiscal policy instruments. Data processing is performed using deductive-analytical methods, describing and comparing research findings by commercial companies, extracting data and comparing official reports of national and international institutions on the role of policies analyzed in the Western Balkan countries and in Kosovo, and the results of the research are based on these analyzes. Each sovereign state has its own fiscal policy operating within the financial system of that country, which also influences the development trends of international trade, the same applies to Kosovo and the Western Balkan countries, where this policy includes customs tax, VAT, tax in personal income, etc. The government of the country, through fiscal policy instruments, creates conditions for companies to be as present in the foreign market as possible with their products, which impacts on the overall economic development of the country. achieved. The paper provides insights into the state of the fiscal system in Kosovo, how fiscal policy affects the creation of conditions for foreign trade development, where is Kosovo's economy is in relation to the Western Balkan countries and what are the steps needed to improve it. The paper provides real data on the state of the fiscal system in Kosovo and its full role in the development of foreign trade in relation to the Western Balkan countries.
MABBAKKANG TRADITION AND ITS’ EFFECTS ON HEALTH OF VILLAGERS OF BACU BACU PUJANANTING BARRU: A QUALITATIVE STUDY
Authors: Hidayah Fiqriatul , Jafar Nuurhidayat , Malasari Silvia 
Published: October 2019

Introduction: Indonesia is an archipelago country that has a diversity of race, culture and customs. Not infrequently customs that are believed by some to be not only a positive impact, but sometimes have a negative impact, especially in health problems.To identify Mabbakkang indigenous phenomenon and its effect on the health of the communities in the District Bacu-Bacu, Pujananting Barru. Method: Type of studi isQualitative research (phenomenology) was performed on 9 participants who have experience in custom undergo Mabbakkang through interview techniques in-depth interviews and data were analyzed by thematic analysis the technique developed by Colaizzi. Result: This study resulted in 7 themes on a custom implementation Mabbakkang ie execution time, the implementation, a series of execution, people involved, dietary restrictions, reason, and the consequences of breaking taboos. Conclusions: This study shows that a custom implementation Mabbakkang is one tradition that is held each year as a condition for the perfection of a child-Bacu-Bacu village communities and give effect on the health of the communities in the District Bacu Bacu-Pujananting Barru if breaking taboos.
The value of GRASP on DCE-MRI for assessing response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with esophageal cancer
Authors: Lu Yanan , Ma Ling , QIN Jianjun , Wang Zhaoqi , Guo Jia , Zhao Yan , Zhang Hongkai , Yan Xu , Liu Hui , Li Hailiang , Kamel Ihab R , Qu Jinrong 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background To compare the value of two dynamic contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Images (DCE-MRI) reconstruction approaches, namely golden-angle radial sparse parallel (GRASP) and view-sharing with golden-angle radial profile (VS-GR) reconstruction, and evaluate their values in assessing response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT) in patients with esophageal cancer (EC).

Methods

EC patients receiving nCT before surgery were enrolled prospectively. DCE-MRI scanning was performed after nCT and within 1 week before surgery. Tumor Regression Grade (TRG) was used for chemotherapy response evaluation, and patients were stratified into a responsive group (TRG1+2) and a non-responsive group (TRG3+4+5). Wilcoxon test was utilized for comparing GRASP and VS-GR reconstruction, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney test was performed for each parameter to assess response, and Spearman test was performed for analyzing correlation between parameters and TRGs, as well as responder and non-responder. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was utilized for each significant parameter to assess its accuracy between responders and non-responders.

Results

Among the 64 patients included in this cohort (52 male, 12 female; average age of 59.1±7.9 years), 4 patients showed TRG1, 4 patients were TRG2, 7 patients were TRG3, 11 patients were TRG4, and 38 patients were TRG5. They were stratified into 8 responders and 56 non-responders.

A total of 15 parameters were calculated from each tumor. With VS-GR, 10/15 parameters significantly correlated with TRG and response groups. Of these, only AUCmax showed moderate correlation with TRG, 7 showed low correlation and 2 showed negligible correlation with TRG. 8 showed low correlation and 2 showed negligible correlation with response groups. With GRASP, 13/15 parameters significantly correlated with TRG and response groups. Of these, 10 showed low correlation and 3 showed negligible correlation with TRG. 11 showed low correlation and 2 showed negligible correlation with TRG. Seven parameters (AUC ＊ >0.70, P<0.05) showed good performance in response groups.

Conclusions

In patients with esophageal cancer on neoadjuvant chemotherapy, several parameters can differentiate responders from non-responders, using both GRASP and VS-GR techniques. GRASP may be able to better differentiate these two groups compared to VS-GR.
Comparison of standard and over-the-head method of chest compressions during cardiopulmonary resuscitation - a simulation study
Authors: Ćwiertnia Michał , Kawecki Marek , Ilczak Tomasz , Mikulska Monika , Dutka Mieczysław , Bobiński Rafał 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Maintaining highly effective cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) can be particularly difficult when artificial ventilation using a bag-valve-mask device, combined with chest compression have to be carried out by one person. The aim of the study is to compare the quality of CPR conducted by one paramedic using chest compression from the patient’s side with compression conducted from the ‘over-the-head’ position.
Methods: The subject of the study were two methods of CPR – ‘standard’ (STD) and ‘over-the-head’ (OTH). The STD method consisted of cycles of 30 chest compressions from the patient’s side, and two attempts at artificial ventilation after moving round to behind the patient’s head. In the OTH method, both compression and ventilation were conducted from behind the patient’s head.
Results: Both CPR methods were conducted by 38 paramedics working in medical response teams. Statistical analysis was conducted on the data collected, giving the following results: the average time of the interruptions between compression cycles (STD 9.184 s, OTH 7.316 s, p < 0.001); the depth of compression 50–60 mm (STD 50.65%, OTH 60.22%, p < 0.001); the rate of compression 100–120/min. (STD 46.39%, OTH 53.78%, p < 0.001); complete chest wall recoil (STD 84.54%, OTH 91.46%, p < 0.001); correct hand position (STD 99.32%, OTH method 99.66%, p < 0.001). A statistically significant difference was demonstrated in the results to the benefit of the OTH method in the above parameters. The remaining parameters showed no significant differences in comparison to reference values.
Conclusions: The demonstrated higher quality of CPR in the simulated research using the OTH method conducted by one person justifies the use of this method in a wider range of emergency interventions than only for CPR conducted in confined spaces.
Changes in serum albumin and other nutritional markers when using sucroferric oxyhydroxide as phosphorus binder among hemodialysis patients: a historical cohort study
Authors: Kalantar-Zadeh Kamyar , Ficociello Linda H , Parameswaran Vidhya , Athienites Nicolaos V. , Mullon Claudy , Kossmann Robert J. , Coyne Daniel W. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Elevated serum phosphorus concentrations are common among maintenance hemodialysis patients. Protein is a major source of dietary phosphate, but restriction of protein intake can result in hypoalbuminemia and protein-energy wasting. We hypothesized that sucroferric oxyhydroxide (SO), a potent phosphate binder with a low pill burden, may reduce serum phosphorus levels in hemodialysis patients with hypoalbuminemia without adversely impacting albumin levels or dietary intake of protein.Methods We retrospectively examined de-identified data from 79 adult, in-center hemodialysis patients with baseline hypoalbuminemia (≤ 3.5 g/dL) switched to SO as part of routine clinical care for at least 1 year. Temporal changes (3-month intervals from baseline through Q4) in phosphate binder pill burden, serum phosphorous levels, nutritional markers, and equilibrated Kt/V were analyzed. Data from a matched reference group of non-hypoalbuminemic patients ( N = 79) switched to SO were also examined.Results SO therapy was associated with a mean reduction of 45.7% and 45.1% in daily phosphate binder pill burden, and a mean reduction of 0.4 mg/dL and 0.51 mg/dL in serum phosphorus levels for the hypoalbuminemic and non-hypoalbuminemic patients, respectively. Hypoalbuminemic patients demonstrated significant increases in mean serum albumin levels from 3.50 mg/dL at baseline to 3.69, 3.74, 3.70, and 3.69 mg/dL during Q1 through Q4, respectively ( P < 0.0001), whereas serum albumin levels remained unchanged in the non-hypoalbuminemic group.Conclusions Both hypoalbuminemic and non-hypoalbuminemic patients switching to SO exhibited significant reductions in serum phosphorus concentrations and daily phosphate binder pill burden. Among hypoalbuminemic patients, the initiation of SO therapy was also associated with increases in serum albumin, suggesting therapy may have allowed patients to increase their dietary intake of protein.
Engineering of human brain organoids with a functional vascular-like system
Authors: Cakir Bilal , Xiang Yangfei , Park In-Hyun 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Here, we engineered human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) to ectopically express human ETS variant 2 (ETV2) to create in vitro vasculature in cortical organoids (hCOs), namely vhCOs (vascularized hCOs). ETV2-expressing cells in hCOs contributed to forming a complex vascular-like network in hCOs. This protocol describes hESC maintenance, the generation of inducible ETV2 expressing hESCs, and the generation of cortical organoid with functional vascular-like network.
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Diabetic versus Non-diabetic Patients with Prior Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A Propensity Score Matching Study
Authors: Ma Xiaolong , Dong Ran , Chen Pengfei , Zhao Yichen , Zeng Caiwu , Xin Meng , Ye Qing , Wang Jiangang 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: The target of this study was to explore the outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in diabetic versus non-diabetic patients with prior coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. Methods: Seven hundred and twenty four patients who had previously received CABG and had been treated using PCI combined with drug-eluting stents (DES) between 2009 and 2017 were selected for a retrospective study and allocated into either a diabetes mellitus (DM) or non-diabetes mellitus (No DM) group. A 1:1 propensity score-matched evaluation was conducted and risk adjusted for analysis. The primary outcomes were cardiac death, myocardial infarction, heart failure and revascularization, with a median follow-up duration of 5.13 years. Results: After matching, two-, 5- and 8-year event rate of overall major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) were found to be higher in the DM group (No DM vs DM:15.3%, 30.9%, 38.5% vs 19.8%, 37.8%, 52.2%, respectively), although no significant difference was found in the event rate of overall MACEs (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.35; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.00 to 1.83 for DM vs No DM; P=0.052), cardiac death (HR: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.45 to 1.95; P=0.871), MI (HR: 1.49; 95% CI: 0.95 to 2.32; P=0.080), HF (HR: 1.54; 95% CI: 0.90 to 2.63 for; P=0.120) or revascularization (HR: 1.07; 95% CI: 0.72 to 1.59; P=0.747). Conclusions: Compared with non-diabetic patients with prior CABG, subsequent implantation of DES in the native coronary artery of diabetic patients resulted in apparently similar outcomes.Trial registration: This study was not registered in an open access database.
Prenatal and postnatal determinants in shaping offspring's microbiome in the first year of life. Preliminary results.
Authors: Raspini Benedetta , Porri Debora , Giuseppe Rachele De , Chieppa Marcello , Liso Marina , Cerbo Rosa Maria , Civardi Elisa , Garofoli Francesca , Monti Cristina , Vacca Mirco , Angelis Maria De , Cena Hellas 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Fetal programming during in utero life defines the set point of physiological and metabolic responses that lead into adulthood; events happening in “the first 1,000 days” play a role in the development of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The infant gut microbiome is a highly dynamic organ, which is sensitive to maternal factors and environmental insults; it modifies its composition over the host’s lifespan and is one of the elements driving this intergenerational NCDs' transmission. The A.MA.MI (Alimentazione MAmma e bambino nei primi MIlle giorni) project aims at investigating the possible correlation between pre-natal and post-natal factors and the infant gut microbiome composition, during the first year of life at different follow-up. We describe the study design of the A.MA.MI Study and present some preliminary results.Methods A.MA.MI is a longitudinal, prospective, observational study that includes a group of mother-infant pairs (n=63) attending the Neonatal Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (Italy). The study was planned to provide data collected before discharge (T0) and at 1,6,12 months after birth (T1,T2,T3). Maternal and infant anthropometric measurements are assessed at each time. Other variables evaluated are pre-pregnancy/gestational weight status (T0), maternal dietary habits/physical activity (T1-T3); infant medical history, type of feeding, antibiotics/probiotics/supplements use, environment exposures (e.g cigarette smoking, pets, environmental temperature) (T1-T3). A child stool sample was planned to be collected at each time and analyzed using metagenomics 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence-based methods. Maternal urine samples were planned to be collected at T3 to investigate pollutants exposure (Phthalates, Bisphenol A and Hydroxypyrene).Results Concerning the birth mode (cesarean section vs. vaginal delivery) significant differences were found only at genera and species levels (T0). A significantly higher relative abundance of Firmicutes was found in meconium of infants born from mothers affected by overweight/obesity, when compared to women with normal weight before pregnancy (T0). Regards type of feeding (breastfed vs formula-fed) the gut microbiota composition differed significantly only at genus and species level (T1).Conclusion These preliminary and explorative results confirmed that pre-pregnancy BMI, mode of delivery and infant factors could affect the infant microbiota composition at different levels.
Research transparency promotion by surgical journals publishing randomised controlled trials: a survey
Authors: Lombard Nicolas , Gasmi Anis , Sulpice Laurent , Boudjema Karim , Naudet Florian , Bergeat Damien 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Objective To describe the surgical journal position statement on data-sharing policies (primary objective) and to describe the other features of their research transparency promotion.Methods Only “SURGICAL” journals with an impact factor superior to 2 (Web of Science) were eligible for the study. They were not included if there were no explicit instructions for clinical trial publication in the instructions for authors and if there were no RCT published between January 2016 and January 2019. The primary outcome was the existence of a data-sharing policy in the instructions for authors. Details on research transparency promotion were also collected, namely the existence of a “prospective registration of clinical trials requirement” policy; a “COIs” disclosure requirement and a specific reference to reporting guidelines such as CONSORT for RCT.Results Among the 87 surgical journals eligible, 82 (94%) were included in the analysis: 67 (77%) had explicit instructions for RCT and of the remaining, 15 (17.2%) had published at least one RCT between 2016-2019. The median impact factor was 2.98 [IQR=2.48-3.77] and in 2016 and 2017, the journals published a median of 11.5 RCT [IQR=5-20.75]. Data-sharing statement instructions (primary outcome) were ICMJE-compliant in four cases (4.88%), weaker in 45.12% (n=37) and inexistent in 50% (n=41) of the journals. As for data-sharing statements, no association was found between journal characteristics and the existence of data-sharing policies (ICMJE-compliant or weaker). A “prospective registration of clinical trials requirement” was associated with ICMJE allusion or affiliation and higher impact factors. Journals with specific RCT instructions in their OIA and journals referenced on the ICMJE website more frequently mandated the use of CONSORT guidelines.Conclusion Research transparency promotion is still limited in surgical journals. Uniformization of journal requirements vis-à-vis ICMJE guidelines could be a first step forward for research transparency promotion in surgery.
Identification of Significant Climatic Risk Factors and Machine Learning Models in Dengue Outbreak Prediction
Authors: Nejad Felestin Yavari , Varathan Kasturi Dewi 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Dengue fever is a widespread viral disease and one of the world’s main pandemic vector-borne infections and serious hazard to humanity. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the incidence of dengue has grown dramatically worldwide in recent decades. The WHO currently estimates an annual incidence of 50–100 million dengue infections worldwide. Until today there is no tested vaccine or treatment to stop or prevent dengue fever thus the importance of dengue outbreak prediction is significant. The current issue in dengue outbreak prediction is accuracy. There are a limited number of studies that look at in depth analysis of climate factors in dengue outbreak prediction. Methods: In this study, the most significant and important climatic factors that contribute to dengue outbreak were identified. These factors were used as input parameters on machine learning models. The models were trained and evaluated based on four-year data from January 2010 to December 2013 in Malaysia. Results: This work provides two main contributions. A new risk factor, which was called TempeRain Factor (TRF), was determined and used as an input parameter for dengue prediction outbreak model. Moreover, the TRF was applied to demonstrate that its strong impact on dengue outbreaks. Experimental results showed that Support Vector Machine (SVM) with the newly identified meteorological risk factor in this study resulted in higher accuracy of 98.09% and reduced the root mean square error to 0.098 for predicting dengue outbreak. Conclusions: This research managed to explore on the factors that are being used in dengue outbreak prediction systems. The main contribution of this paper is in identifying new significant factors that contribute in dengue outbreak prediction. From the evaluation, we managed to obtain a significant improvement in accuracy of the machine-learning model in dengue outbreak prediction.