bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Sverbeev Family Epistolary Archive
Authors: Медведева Татьяна , Medvedeva Tat'yana 
Published: October 2019

The article is focused on the Sverbeev family epistolary archive study findings. Especially, this means letters of D.N. Sverbeev (1799–1874), a memoirist, and E.A. Sverbeeva (1808–1892), his wife, a hostess of the famous Moscow salon in 1840s, who had extensive ties to the Russian enlightened society. Epistolary intercourse of their sons and daughters (in particular, N.D. Sverbeev, A.D. Sverbeev and S.D. Sverbeeva) inherited and successfully maintained parents’ social ties is also of interest. The family archive maintained abundant correspondence with family friends and acquaintances including Turgenev brothers (i.e., A.I. and N.I.), K.S. and I.S. Aksakovs, N.M. and A.M. Yazykovs, archbishop Innokentii (Veniami­nov), A.N. Popov, A.S. Homyakov, I.V. Kireevskii, A.P. Elagina, S.P. Shevyryov, P.A. Vyazemskii, S.P. Trubetskoi, etc.
Almost centenary epistolary archive of a whole family maintained remarkable social ties represents an important document of cultural memory and literary history of two generations of the Russian noble intellectuals in the XIX century. Philosophical, literary, religious and pedagogical issues are discussed in correspondence of the Sverbeev family. It demonstrates responses to the most important social and cultural events of the epoch. Also, it contains biographic, cultural and social data. Also, the Sverbeev family epistolary archive enables a comparative study of private correspondence.
Агротуризм как стимул развития сельских территорий
Authors: Korobova Olga 
Published: October 2019

Одной из важнейших стратегических целей государственной политики, является создание условий для устойчивого развития сельских территорий, сохранение существующих сельских по­селений во всём многообразии сложившихся форм сельского расселения. Развитие туристической инфраструктуры в сельской местности и, в частности агротуризм, может стать одним из фак­торов, способствующих диверсификации сельской экономики, повышению занятости и доходов сельского населения; развитию малого бизнеса, в том числе в альтернативных сферах занятости, а следовательно, повышению качества жизни на селе.
В Федеральной целевой программе «Развитие внутреннего и въездного туризма в Российской Федерации на 2011-2018 гг.» сельский туризм назван новым перспективным направлением. В Распоряжении правительства от 30 ноября 2010 года № 2136- р «О Концепции устойчивого развития сельских территорий Российской Федерации на период до 2020 года» агротуризм трактуется как одно из важнейших направлений в решении занятости сельского населения и перспективное направление в развитии села.
В статье рассматривается зарубежный и отечественный опыт организации этого вида деятельности. Анализируются потенциал и реальные возможности развития агротуризма в России[1].

[1] Исследование выполнено в рамках Государственной программы Российской Федерации «Научно-технологическое развитие Российской Федерации» и Про­граммой фундаментальных научных исследований государственных академий наук на 2013-2020 годы по Плану фундаментальных научных исследований Российской академии архитектуры и строительных наук и Министерства строительства и жи­лищно-коммунального хозяйства Российской Федерации, тема № 4.3.8.
A Pilot Project Exploring Medical Students’ Barriers to Screening for Intimate Partner Violence and Reproductive Coercion
Authors: Stumbar Sarah E. , Ward-Peterson Melissa , Lupi Carla S. 
Published: October 2019

Background: Multiple studies have shown that the majority of health care practitioners do not routinely screen for intimate partner violence (IPV); lack of provider preparedness and education is an often-cited barrier to screening. Our third-year family medicine clerkship includes a pregnancy options counseling objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) that requires students to review a preencounter online educational module that highlights screening guidelines for IPV and reproductive coercion. The goal of this study was to explore students’ internal barriers to screening patients for IPV and reproductive coercion, and whether our curricular interventions adequately addressed these barriers.
Methods: We administered an immediate postencounter, anonymous, online survey with open-ended and Likert-type questions to 118 medical students during the 2016 academic year. We used an exploratory, iterative process to analyze qualitative responses and quantify recurrent and commonly identified themes.
Results: After the OSCE, students reported they were more likely to screen for IPV (94%) and reproductive coercion (82%) in future encounters. Qualitative analysis revealed two major types of barriers to screening: internal barriers concerning the screening inquiry itself and concerns regarding handling of patients’ responses.
Conclusions: The online preparatory module and subsequent OSCE provided a low-stakes environment in which to practice screening. However, student comments about their barriers to screening suggest that a first or early curricular intervention folding IPV and reproductive coercion into an educational module on pregnancy options counseling did not optimally promote this screening behavior.
BIOTRANSFORMATION OF METRONIDAZOLE BY CUNNINGHAMELLA ELEGANS ATCC 9245
Authors: Sorrentino Julia Medeiros , Sponchiado Rafaela Martins , Dos Santos Natália Olegário , Oliveira Sendy Salles , Galle Karina , Garcia Cassia Virginia , Fuentefria Alexandre Meneghello , Steppe Martin 
Published: October 2019

Drug biotransformation studies appear as an alternative to pharmacological studies of metabolites, development of new drug candidates with reduced investment as well as the most efficient production of chemical structures involves and drug quality control studies. A wide range of reactions in biotransformations process is catalyzed by microorganisms. Fungi can be considered as a promising source of new biotransformation reactions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the capacity of metronidazole biotransformation through the filamentous fungus Cunninghamella elegans ATCC 9245. The monitoring of metabolite formation was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometry. The results of the biotransformation of metronidazole showed drug consumption in culture and the formation of four new chromatographic peaks of chemical structures not elucidated. The method showed it became linear over 10-70 μg/mL (r = 0.999953). Accuracy, precision and stability studies agree with international guidelines. Results are consistent in accordance with the principles of green chemistry as the experimental conditions had a low environmental impact, and few solvents use.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN MEDIA AUDIOVISUAL TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN KONSEP DAN KETERAMPILAN SOSIAL DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPS PADA SISWA KELAS VII SMP GANESHA DENPASAR
Authors: Damayanti Ni Nyoman , Sukadi Sukadi , Kertih I Wayan 
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan sebagai berikut. 1. Menguraikan pengaruh penerapan mediaaudiovisual dalam pembelajaran IPS terhadap tingkat pemahaman konsep IPS dan keterampilan sosial siswa secara simultan pada siswa kelas VII SMP Ganesha Denpasar. 2. Menjelaskanpengaruh penerapan media audiovisual dalam pembelajaran IPS terhadap tingkat pemahaman konsep IPS pada siswa kelas VII SMP Ganesha Denpasar. 3. Menjelaskanpengaruh penerapan media audiovisual dalam pembelajaran IPS terhadapketerampilan sosialpada siswa kelas VII SMP Ganesha Denpasar. Untuk mencapa tujuan ini, penelitian ini dilakukan dengan penelitian eksperimen semu menggunakan rancangan the randomized control group with posttest only design pada dua kelas VII di SMP Ganesha Denpasar: satu kelas sebagai kelas eksperimen dan satu kelas sebagai kelas kontrol. Jumlah sampel penelitian ini adalah 79 orang siswa. Ubahan bebas dalam penelitian ini adalah pembelajaran IPS dengan bantuan media audiovisual dan pembelajaran konvensional, sedangkan ubahan terikatnya adalah pemahaman konsep IPS dan keterampilan sosial siswa. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan tes objektif pilihan ganda dan form penilaian diri keterampilan sosial. Data hasil penelitian ini dianalisis secara deskriptif dan dengan Manova satu jalur. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan sebagai berikut. 1. Ada pengaruh penerapan mediaaudiovisual dalam pembelajaran IPS yang signifikan terhadap tingkat pemahaman konsep IPS dan keterampilan sosial siswa secara simultan pada siswa kelas VII SMP Ganesha Denpasar. 2. Ada pengaruh penerapan media audiovisual dalam pembelajaran IPS yang signifikan terhadap tingkat pemahaman konsep IPS pada siswa kelas VII SMP Ganesha Denpasar. 3. Ada pengaruh penerapan media audiovisual dalam pembelajaran IPS yang signifikan terhadapketerampilan sosialpada siswa kelas VII SMP Ganesha Denpasar.Kata Kunci: Media Audiovisual, pemahaman konsep IPS, dan keterampilan sosial siswa
Impact of climate change on ivy (Hedera helix L.) expansion in forests of Central Poland
Authors: Kucharski Leszek , Kloss Marek , Sienkiewicz Jadwiga , Liszewska Małgorzata , Kiełtyk Piotr 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The article refers to a broader context of scientific debates on the effect of climate warming on shifts in species ranges and describes the recent changes in the distribution and life strategy of Hedera helix close to its eastern limit, in light of climate changes. European ivy is an ecotone species, occurring in fringe communities, in deciduous and mixed deciduous forests in fresh and moist habitats that are occupied by oak-hornbeam and riparian alder-ash forests in Central Poland. Since the mid-20th century, the ivy, a species rarely reproducing generatively, has become an expansive plant with a growing number of sites where flowering and fruiting individuals are encountered. We studied the distribution, habitat requirements and flowering of H. helix in Central Poland in the years 2015–2017 and compared to the situation in the mid-1970s. Climate changes in terms of average air temperatures and precipitation amounts for the past four decades were also assessed. Within the study area, 474 stands of naturally growing Hedera have recently been identified. Ivy was found to reproduce generatively on 121 of those locations. There has been an almost 10-fold increase in the number of fruiting ivy specimens since the mid-1970s of the 20th century. Changes in the species life strategy can be ascribed to the increase in both average air temperatures and solar radiation intensity observed for the past decades. Both enhanced fragmentation of woodland tracts and development of forest ecotones and forest canopy openings promote the expansion of H. helix, while its habitat preferences remain unchanged.
Constitutional aspects of the reform of the Polish justice system in 2017–2018
Authors: Radajewski Mateusz 
Published: October 2019

Summary
The article concerns the issue of constitutionality of the reform of the justice system in Poland in 2017–2018, which resulted in significant changes of the functioning of the National Council of the Judiciary and the Supreme Court. When discussing the reform of the Supreme Court, the author first of all points to the constitutional problems associated with the premature retirement of some of its judges, which is also connected with the interruption of the six-year term of the First President of the Supreme Court. A separate issue discussed in the article is the introduction to the Supreme Court the lay judges, which is a unique phenomenon on the global scale. The analyses lead the author to formulate final conclusions, also referring to the European regulations and to refer to the unconstitutionality of the solutions adopted by the Polish parliament.
Limitations on the Choice of Law Resulting from the Protection of Third Parties in the Polish System of Private International Law
Authors: Dorabialska Anna 
Published: October 2019

Summary
The article concerns the limitations of the freedom of shaping the legal relationship by the parties on the grounds of private international law binding in Poland. It is devoted to the specific issue of limitations of the effects of the choice of law on the grounds of the protection of third parties. The rules related to this issue have been included both in the sources of European law (“Rome I” and “Rome II” regulations, as well as in the Polish law – Private International Law of 2011). They concern the choice of law for contractual and non-contractual obligations, for a power of attorney and for matrimonial property regimes. The purpose of these rules is to protect the knowledge of a third party or the rights acquired by them. The article considers various possibilities to exclude the effectiveness of a law chosen for the protection of a third party, while respecting the wills of the parties to the legal relationship as much as possible.
The Kelsenian Model of Constitutional Review in Times of European Integration – Reconsidering the Basic Features
Authors: Kustra-Rogatka Aleksandra 
Published: October 2019

Summary
The paper deals with the changes in the centralized (Kelsenian) model of constitutional review resulting from a state’s membership of the EU, which unequivocally demonstrates the decomposition of the classic paradigm of constitutional judiciary. The main point raised in the paper is that European integration has fundamentally influenced on the four above-mentioned basic elements of the Kelsenian model of constitutional review of legislation, which are the following: the assumption of the hierarchical construction of a legal system; the assumption of the supreme legal force of the constitution as the primary normative act of a given system; a centralised model of reviewing hierarchical conformity of legal norms; coherence of the system guaranteed by a constitutional court’s power to declare defectiveness of a norm and the latter’s derogation. All its fundamental elements have evolved, i.e. the hierarchy of the legal system, the overriding power of the constitution, centralized control of constitutionality, and the erga omnes effect of the ruling on the hierarchical non-conformity of the norms. It should be noted that over the last decade the dynamics of these changes have definitely gained momentum. This has been influenced by several factors, including the “great accession” of 2004, the pursuit of formal constitutionalization of the EU through the Constitutional Treaty, the compromise solutions adopted in the Treaty of Lisbon, the entry into force of the Charter, and the prospect of EU accession to the ECHR. The CJEU has used these factors to deepen the tendencies towards decentralization of constitutional control, by atomising national judicial systems and relativizing the effects of constitutional court rulings within national legal systems. The end result is the observed phenomenon, if not of marginalisation, then at least of a systemic shift in the position of constitutional courts, which have lost their uniqueness and have become “only ones of many” national courts.
Conditions and Directions of Marketing Activities in Polish Research Institutes
Authors: Maślanka Marlena Elżbieta 
Published: October 2019

Summary
The offer of institutes is specific and requires the application of special solutions in the area of marketing and new economic conditions in which research institutes operate right now stimulate introducing new solutions and taking advantage of new directions in the area of marketing activity.
The influence of a continuous process of globalization on taking actions in the area of marketing constitutes a major research problem, which requires deepened, detailed analysis and carrying out research in this area. The goal of this article will be to find out to what extent new economic reality makes it necessary to take marketing actions and in what directions within the scope of this activity the research institutes should be going.
Influencers as Support for Public Relations Campaigns
Authors: Tworzydło Dariusz , Życzyński Norbert , Wajda Marek 
Published: October 2019

Summary
The article is a collection of analyses carried out on the basis of literature on the subject and data collected with the utilization of desk research method. It also presents conclusions from surveys conducted by means of a qualitative method — IDI technique — during the Congress of Public Relations Professionals, which took place in April 2018 in Rzeszów. In the group of respondents there were representatives of public relations branch who cooperate with influencers and on top of that have rich experience in the area of PR activities conducted by means of the Internet. The goal of this article is assessment of the relationships occurring in the context of cooperation of PR specialists with influencers, as well as identifying the prospects for changes and potential trends in this area.
Among the key conclusions drawn in course of the conducted research we find the one which suggests that using influencers for communication and promotion-related activities is recognized as both a chance and threat for the public relations industry. However, the aspect of threats is particularly important, as it has a direct impact on the emerging and persisting image crises. Due to the fact that influencers enjoy a lot of freedom in their activity in combination with the faith of their clients in their professional approach, there is a risk of emergence of actions which will not just fail to satisfy the assumptions of a promotional campaign, but may also directly hit the image of a given entity.
Experts predict that using influencers for promotion will also in the nearest time be a growing trend, which will take hold among solutions used in communication with target groups.
Associations with the University as an Employer in the Years 2016–2019 — Young Potential Employees Perspective
Authors: Baruk Agnieszka Izabela 
Published: October 2019

Summary
The article is theoretical and empirical. To prepare the theoretical part, the method of cognitive-critical analysis of world literature in the field of management, personal marketing, etc. was applied. Based on the results of this analysis, it can be concluded that there is a cognitive and research gap relating to research on universities as employers. This applies especially to associations of young potential employees with this group of employers. Therefore, the article aims to achieve the goal, which is to identify associations of young potential employees with the university as a workplace and indicate the changes taking place in them. In order to achieve this goal, three editions of empirical research were conducted, using the survey method to collect primary data. The collected data were subjected to quantitative analysis using statistical analysis methods. Its results indicate that there has been a slight improvement in terms of associations of respondents with the university as a workplace. Still, however, more than half of the respondents did not take into account taking up employment in such institutions. Therefore, it is still not an attractive employer for young Poles, which indicates the need to undertake comprehensive activities related to building a positive image as an employer.
PEMBERIAN SANKSI ADAT KEPADA PELAKU PENCURIAN PRATIMA DI BALI
Authors: Wijaya Pande made kresna 
Published: October 2019

Ujung dari suatu penegakan hukum adalah pemberian sanksi terhadap pelaku tindak pidana. Di Bali terdapat tindak pidana pencurian dimana benda yang menjadi objek tindak pidana adalah Pratima (Benda sakral). Ketentuan pada KUHP tidak mengatur secara jelas penjatuhan sanksi adat, oleh karena itu penjatuhan sanksi pidana biasa kepada pelaku tindak pidana yang tergolong tindak pidana adat terkadang belum bisa menyelesaikan permasalahan yang terjadi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa terkait pencurian pratima dalam perspektif hukum pidana adat dan dasar hukum pemberian sanksi adat. Penelitian ini mempergunakan metode penelitian normatif. Kemudian menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual serta menggunakan teknik argumentasi hukum dalam pembahasannya.
Bahwa pencurian pratima lebih tepat dikaitkan dalam perspektif tindak pidana adat, karena dampak dari pencurian pratima tersebut tidak hanya pada kerugian materiil saja melainkan kerugian immateriil dimana dapat mengganggu keseimbangan di masyarakat.
Penerapan sanksi adat untuk penyelesaian tindak pidana pencurian pratima di Bali dapat dilakukan karena eksistensi hukum pidana adat masih dibutuhkan di Indonesia dengan mengaitkan konsep keadilan restorative, diskresi, dan teori pemidanaan gabungan sehingga sanksi adat yang dapat dijatuhkan adalah denda untuk upacara pembersihan.
Strategic Analysis of the Appointment Requirements for the Minister of National Defence: Should he wear the uniform as well?
Authors: Cross Madison 
Published: October 2019

November 4, 2015 marked the day that Canadian Armed Forces veteran, Harjit Singh Sajjan, was sworn in as Minister of National Defence.[1] The Canadian population applauded the appointment made by Justin Trudeau because it appeared natural to have a Minister of National Defence who had previously worn the Canadian Armed Forces uniform. The support was an unexplained phenomenon; for some reason, the Canadian public was excited, curious and confident in the ministry’s new leader because of his close ties to the department. Though many veterans have held the position of Minister of National Defence, it has never been a requirement to be a veteran to hold the position. Many scholars believe that a Minister of National Defence who has prior military experience is more of an asset in this role. Despite this belief, there remains no military prerequisites for the Minister of National Defence position. This paper will analyze the role of the Minister of National Defence and discuss why having a member of parliament who is also a veteran is not a practical policy to continue implementing in future governments.

[1] Statement by the Prime Minister of Canada Following the Swearing-in of the 29th Ministry. (n.d.). Retrieved November 18, 2017, from http://www.marketwired.com/press-release/statement-prime-minister-canada-following-swearing-29th-ministry-2070297.htm
Canada’s Inevitable Evolution Towards Bilateral Spending
Authors: Fletcher Kymone 
Published: October 2019

The federal government should be allowed to provide condition free funding within the provincial jurisdiction. Canada is naturally evolving towards intrastate federalism and a more collaborative government and this evolution has been apparent since the BNA act was formulated.In the BNA act the Canadian provinces were promised ongoing grants/subsidies and we have also seen in Quebec’s case, they opted for a more collaborative form of government for wanting to be represented more at the federal level. It has also been demonstrated that each level of government in Canada’s federal system must be autonomous in its own right or else the system will collapse. Stephen Harper and Justin Trudeau views have also been presented to illustrate this. The cases of the United States and Germany have also been brought up to show that not only Canada, but other federal states are redefining what federalism means and re-interpreting their own respective constitutions to bring this new definition into action. The case of Quebec has also been brought up to demonstrate how the biggest players in the Canadian system, how Canadian policy can be updated to limit the amount of critics towards how the federal power is spending its money.