bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functionalized Polyvinyl Alcohol–Gelatin Graft for the Treatment of Tympanic Membrane Perforations
Authors: Joseph Jasmin , Ramesh P. , Sayooj K. , Unnikrishnan M. , Unnikrishnan G. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe majority of issues related to patients suffering from conductive hearing loss and repeated otitis media are due to chronic tympanic membrane perforations. This generally requires a surgical procedure called tympanoplasty to seal the perforation where autologous grafts are used to reconstruct the membrane. However, the limitations associated with surgical procedures and the limited graft‐material availability often cause difficulties in this route; demanding novel procedures or materials. The basic requirements for a synthetic graft‐material for this application cover excellent cell adherence with no immune response and inflammatory actions at the site of implantation along with wound‐healing characteristics and sufficient acoustic and mechanical properties. With this aim, an innovative graft material has been developed with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as the base component through this work. To ensure better cell adhesion and proliferation, a natural polymer, gelatin, has been cross‐linked with PVA through a maleic anhydride (MA) intermediate; with a two‐step synthesis protocol. The mechanical strength of graft material has been found to be tunable by adjusting the ratio of gelatin with PVA. Laser Doppler Vibrometry (LDV) has been employed to evaluate its acoustic properties upon exposure to a frequency sweep of 10—8000 Hz. The in vitro biocompatibility assays using L929 and RPMI 2650 cells substantiate the material's compatibility; ensuring its potential clinical applications toward chronic tympanic membrane perforations.
Compositional Variations in Calcium Phosphate Cement and Poly(Lactic‐Co‐Glycolic‐Acid) Porogens Do Not Affect the Orthotopic Performance of Calcium Phosphate Cement/Poly(Lactic‐Co‐Glycolic‐Acid) Cements
Authors: Grosfeld Eline‐Claire , van Dijk Natasja W. M. , Ulrich Dietmar J. O. , Mikos Antonios G. , Jansen John A. , van den Beucken Jeroen J. J. P. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTCalcium phosphate cement (CPC) has evolved as an appealing bone substitute material, especially since CPCs were combined with poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) porogens to render the resulting CPC/PLGA composite degradable. In view of the multiple variables of CPC and PLGA used previously, the effect of CPC composition and PLGA porogen morphology (i.e., microspheres versus microparticles) on the biological performance of CPC/PLGA has not yet been investigated. Consequently, we here aimed to evaluate comparatively various CPC/PLGA formulations varying in CPC composition and PLGA porogen morphology on their performance in a rabbit femoral condyle bone defect model. CPCs with a composition of 85 wt% α‐TCP, 15 wt% dicalcium phosphate anhydrate (DCPA) and 5 wt% precipitated hydroxyapatite (pHA), or 100 wt% α‐TCP were combined with spherical or irregularly shaped PLGA porogens (CPC/PLGA ratio of 60:40 wt% for all formulations). All CPC/PLGA formulations were applied via injection in bone defects, as created in the femoral condyle of rabbits, and retrieved for histological evaluation after 6 and 12 weeks of implantation. Descriptive histology and quantitative histomorphometry (i.e., material degradation and new bone formation) were used for analyses. Descriptively, all CPC/PLGA formulations showed material degradation at the periphery of the cement within 6 weeks of implantation. After 12 weeks, bone formation was observed extending into the defect core, replacing the degraded CPC/PLGA material. Quantitatively, similar material degradation (up to 87%) and new bone formation (up to 28%) values were observed, irrespective of compositional variations of CPC/PLGA formulations. These data prove that neither the CPC compositions nor the PLGA porogen morphologies as used in this work affect the biological performance of CPC/PLGA formulations in a rabbit femoral condyle bone defect model.
Hospitalization of patients with Down syndrome in acute care hospitals in Japan
Authors: Yasunami Keisuke , Matsugaki Ryutaro , Muramatsu Keiji , Matsuda Shinya 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundDown syndrome is the most common genetic disorder, and the life expectancy of patients with Down syndrome has increased over the decades. However, the diseases and social problems experienced by patients with Down syndrome remain unknown in Japan. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the disease status of such patients admitted to acute care hospitals in Japan.MethodsThis observational study was conducted using the Diagnosis Procedure Combination data from 2016 to 2021 to evaluate routes of admission, principal diagnoses, comorbidity of dementia, orthopedic surgeries for limb fractures, and discharge destinations of patients with Down syndrome (International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision code: Q90).ResultsOverall, 26,195 individuals with Down syndrome were included, of whom 5195 were ≥20 years of age. As the age increased, the number of admissions from home decreased and that from nursing homes increased. Pneumonia was the most common principal diagnosis, with the incidence of aspiration pneumonia increasing in patients >40 years of age. We observed an increase in the incidence of dementia and surgery for limb fractures after 40 years of age. The number of discharges to home decreased with increasing age, whereas that to nursing homes increased with increasing age.ConclusionsThese results suggest that patients with Down syndrome are often hospitalized because of pneumonia and that the incidence of aspiration pneumonia, dementia, and limb fractures increases after 40 years of age. Therefore, a system to prevent pneumonia, especially aspiration pneumonia, and limb fractures in patients with Down syndrome is needed.
Graphs with girth 2ℓ+1 $2\ell +1$ and without longer odd holes are 3‐colorable
Authors: Chen Rong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFor a number , let denote the family of graphs which have girth and have no odd hole with length greater than . Wu et al. conjectured that every graph in is 3‐colorable. Chudnovsky et al. and Wu et al., respectively, proved that every graph in and is 3‐colorable. In this paper, we prove that every graph in is 3‐colorable.
Deciphering the Biocontrol Potential of Trichoderma asperellum (Tv1) Against Fusarium‐Nematode Wilt Complex in Tomato
Authors: Anbalagan Selva A. , Appusamy Sudha , Kumaresan Parthiban V. , Chellappan Gopalakrishnan , Narayanan Swarnakumari , Rangasamy Anandham , Perveen Kahkashan , Bukhari Najat A. , Sayyed Riyaz 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe study assessed Trichoderma spp. as a biocontrol agent for managing wilt‐nematode complex in tomato crops, aiming to mitigate yield losses. Fusarium sp. and Meloidogyne sp. were isolated from infected plant samples and confirmed molecularly and morphologically as Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici and Meloidogyne incognita. Four Trichoderma spp. procured from the Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, India were identified molecularly as Trichoderma asperellum (Tv1), Trichoderma asperelloides (Tasd1), Trichoderma harzianum (Th1), and Trichoderma koningiopsis (Tk1) utilizing ITS and TEF1 primer pairs. Among them, Tv1 effectively inhibited the mycelial growth of pathogen isolates. Furthermore, crude metabolite of Tv1 exhibited similar effects. The mortality rate of M. incognita J2s ranged from 90.48% to 100% after 24–72 h of incubation and inhibition percentage of egg hatching reached 90.20%. The shoot length, root length, fresh weight, and dry weight of the tomato plants treated with Tv1 conidia were increased. In a pot experiment, Tv1 treatment reduced disease incidence by 64.57%, comparable to carbendazim treatment (82.32%). Tv1‐treated plants had fewer root galls, egg masses, and J2s per 100 g of roots than the inoculated‐untreated control plants. The root‐knot index (RKI) was significantly lower in plants treated with carbafuran (1.98 ± 0.047) and Tv1 (3.06 ± 0.086) than in control (4.47 ± 0.109). The bio‐control efficiency of Tv1 against M. incognita was 21.04%, and the nematodes' reproductive factor (RF) declined to 0.53 in Tv1 treatment group. Based on the findings above, it was established that Tv1 effectively controlled nematode populations and wilt disease when applied in soil.
The Structure Dissection of Compacted CeO2/La2O3 Laminates by Spatially Offset Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Hu Yi , Chen Jun , Liu Xinai , Zhong Hang , Xu Jingsong , Chen Jun 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTTo tackle the challenge of non‐destructively analyzing complex oxide layers formed by atmospheric corrosion on active metals, we investigate the potential of inverse spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (inverse‐SORS) to detect corrosion products and elucidate how the spectroscopic features of SORS vary. This study explores the utilization of inverse‐SORS technology for longitudinal structural analysis of opaque CeO2/La2O3 laminates, which serve as a proxy for corrosion products. Through a combination of experimental measurements and Monte Carlo simulation, it demonstrates the feasibility of inverse‐SORS in non‐destructively elucidating the layered structure of these laminates. With increasing the spatial offset of this technology, the Raman intensity ratio of La2O3‐to‐CeO2 increases from 0.23 to 3.2 and then decreases to 0.27 for the CeO2/La2O3 sample with a 34‐μm‐thick CeO2 layer under 532‐nm excitation, whereas the bottom La2O3 layer is hardly detected when the thickness of the upper La2O3 layer increases to 225 μm. The results reveal that a thinner CeO2 layer facilitates the escape and detection of Raman signals originating from the bottom La2O3 layer, leading to an enhanced La2O3‐to‐CeO2 signal ratio and a reduced offset at the characteristic peak. The research also sheds light on the intricate interplay among multiple variables, such as spatial offset, laser wavelength, the corresponding absorption factor, the thickness of the oxide layer, and the compactness. These insights suggest that SORS is a valuable and non‐destructive approach for dissecting the structures of highly turbid composites of metallic compounds and semi‐quantitatively deducing their thickness.
Density estimation using spatial capture‐recapture analyses: application to vaccination of prairie dogs against sylvatic plague
Authors: Russell Robin E. , Tripp Daniel W. , Richgels Katherine L. D. , Rocke Tonie E. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPrairie dogs are notoriously difficult to enumerate, with previously methods including visual counts, mark‐resight, burrow counts, and catch per unit effort. Unlike those methods, spatial capture‐recapture (SCR) analyses allow for formal estimation of density along with associated estimates of uncertainty, detection probability, and the size of the average area over which an individual was detected during the study period (referred to as an activity center). Using SCR analyses, we compared density estimates as part of a field trial evaluating the effectiveness of an oral sylvatic plague vaccine in black‐tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus), Gunnison's prairie dogs (C. gunnisoni), white‐tailed prairie dogs (C. leucurus), and Utah prairie dogs (C. parvidens) at 11 study areas in the western United States. The study was designed as a matched pairs analysis that included 27 individual paired plots (54 plots), each consisting of a plot treated with vaccine baits and a plot treated with placebo baits. Overall, we captured >3,000 individuals each year on these plots, and recapture rates ranged from 5–87%. For black‐tailed prairie dogs, density estimates ranged from 2.7 individuals/ha (95% CI = 2.2–3.3/ha) to 77.3/ha (63.2–94.4/ha), and for Gunnison's prairie dogs, estimates ranged from 11.7/ha (10.6–12.8/ha) to 15.4/ha (14.4–16.7/ha). White‐tailed prairie dogs were at their lowest density (3.3/ha, 95% CI = 2.9–3.8/ha) during the first year of the study and their highest density (14.5/ha; 13.5–15.6/ha) during the last year of the study. Utah prairie dog density estimates ranged from a low of 4.0/ha (95% CI = 3.55–4.6/ha) to a high of 20.8/ha (16.8–25.8/ha). Best‐fitting models of prairie dog density indicated increasing patterns of density over time on most study plots, negative effects of plague, and positive effects of vaccination. Finally, we found low correlations between catch per unit effort estimates from previous published literature at these sites and our densities estimates. Spatial capture‐recapture estimates allowed us to consistently compare treatment effects across space and time, although some exceptions are noted where we observed significant movement between plots within a pair (3 pairs) and when trapping effort between plots or years was not consistent.
MCL augmentation using a peroneus longus split tendon autograft satisfactorily restores knee stability with no impairment in foot function and with a low failure rate for concurrent ACL reconstruction
Authors: Hinz Nico , Müller Maximilian Michael , Eggeling Lena , Drenck Tobias , Breer Stefan , Kowald Birgitt , Frosch Karl‐Heinz , Akoto Ralph 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPurposeAddressing grade 2 and 3 medial‐sided instabilities during anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is crucial to reduce the risk of ACL graft failure. This study introduced a minimally invasive, medial collateral ligament (MCL) augmentation technique using a peroneus longus split tendon autograft, which was fixed to the femoral deep MCL insertion and tibial superficial MCL insertion.MethodsThis prospective, longitudinal, single‐centre case series included patients who underwent MCL augmentation concurrent with primary or revision ACL reconstruction due to anteromedial instability. Preoperatively and at 1‐year follow‐up, clinical examinations, such as rolimeter test of anterior tibial translation and medial instability, knee (International Knee Documentation Committee subjective knee form [IKDC], Lsyholm, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score [KOOS]) and foot function scores (American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society score [AOFAS]) and complications, were analyzed.ResultsThirty‐one patients with a mean follow‐up of 13.5 ± 2.6 months and a mean age of 27.8 ± 9.6 years were included. The side‐to‐side difference for anterior tibial translation significantly improved from preoperative to 1‐year follow‐up with an ACL reconstruction failure rate of 6.5%. No patient retained a grade 2 or 3 medial instability on valgus stress testing with 30° flexion. Significant improvements from preoperative to 1‐year postoperative follow‐up were observed in knee function scores: IKDC (48.9 ± 26.9– 71.3 ± 11.5, p < 0.001) and Lysholm (59.9 ± 28.5–80.5 ± 11.2, p = 0.002) as well as KOOS pain, ADL, sport and QoL, each reaching the respective minimal clinically important difference values. The foot function score AOFAS showed no significant impairment (100 ± 0–99.3 ± 2.5, p = 0.250). Complications included cyclops lesions of ACL reconstruction in three patients.ConclusionAt 1‐year follow‐up, MCL augmentation using a peroneus longus split tendon autograft for patients simultaneously undergoing ACL reconstruction satisfactorily restores knee stability, has a low ACL reconstruction failure rate and does not significantly impair foot function.Level of EvidenceLevel IV therapeutic study; case series.
Synthesis of Ultrathin Film PEGDMA Hydrogels Coated onto Different Surfaces by Atmospheric Pressure Plasma: Characterization and Potential Features for the Biomedical Field
Authors: Sans Jordi , Azevedo Gonçalves Ingrid , Cardenas‐Morcoso Drialys , Quintana Robert 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe preparation of resistant ultrathin film (utf) hydrogels coated onto different working surfaces (e.g., fabrics) is paying increasing attention as an advantageous strategy for customizing their resultant properties. More specifically, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)‐based utf‐hydrogels are relevant for their superior biocompatibility or antibiofouling properties. However, promoting the generation of poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (PEGDMA) cross‐links ideally without the use of initiators or other cross‐link agents, which might compromise the final bioactivity of the system, is complicated. Moreover, the actual synthesis techniques used for the preparation of such utf‐hydrogels face important drawbacks like high scale‐up costs or important geometrical restrictions, completely hindering its technological transfer. Herein, for the first time and easy and technologically scalable technology is reported for the synthesis and direct deposition of PEGDMA400 utf‐hydrogels onto different substrates based on atmospheric pressure nanosecond pulsed plasma approach. The advantages of the technology are explored and discussed, reporting the ready‐to‐use transparent coating of fabrics. After washing the samples using washing programs of a commercial laundry machine, coatings are still well adhered, showing excellent stability. Finally, the resultant properties of PEGDMA400 utf‐hydrogels are exhaustively characterized using in operando conditions in order to elucidate their potential capabilities in the biomedical field.
Active near‐infrared laser heterodyne system based on supercontinuum laser source for gas measurement
Authors: Xue Zhengyue , Li Jun , Shen Fengjiao , Zhang Sheng , Gao Xiaoming , Tan Tu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe performance of an active near‐infrared laser heterodyne system using a supercontinuum light source as the light signal for trace species detection is experimentally demonstrated. The characteristics of the supercontinuum light source and the data processing methods used in heterodyne detection are described. The measurement of methane (CH₄) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) absorption spectra was carried out in the laboratory to evaluate the active laser heterodyne system, and high‐resolution absorption spectra of CO₂ and CH₄ were recorded simultaneously. The stability of the active laser heterodyne system is analyzed using Allan variance analysis of long‐term observation data. The active near‐infrared laser heterodyne detection system demonstrated in this paper has great potential for the development of industrial parks' gas monitoring.
Think Tank 2: How Do We Precisely Define the “High Risk Bladder” and What Are the Interrelationships Between Inflammation, Blood Flow, Fibrosis, and Loss of Bladder Compliance?
Authors: Arlandis Salvador , Fry Christopher , Wyndaele Michel , Apostolidis Apostolos , Finazzi‐Agró Enrico , Tyagi Pradeep , Winder Michael , Hashitani Hikaru , Mosiello Giovanni , Averbeck Marcio Augusto , Wein Alan , Abrams Paul 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionDefining “high‐risk bladder” or “high‐pressure bladder” involves recognizing the potential for an unsafe lower urinary tract, where dysfunction in storage and micturition can threaten upper urinary tract health, leading to unfavorable outcomes like dialysis, recurrent infections, systemic impact, or mortality.MethodsICI‐RS was held in Bristol in June 2024, and Think Tank 2 aimed to define research priorities including identifying clinical predictors and developing prevention and monitoring strategies.ResultsRisk factors encompass both congenital and neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction, bladder outlet obstruction, vascular diseases, and inflammatory disorders, but a validated stratification risk is lacking. Reduced compliance and detrusor overactivity lead to high filling pressures and raised detrusor leak point pressure, playing urodynamic studies a crucial role in risk assessment, though further research is needed for different neurogenic populations. Congenital conditions such as spina bifida, posterior urethral valves, and bladder exstrophy also contribute to a high‐risk bladder through fibrosis and reduced compliance. Inflammation and ischemia are key factors, with inflammation leading to fibrosis and impaired bladder storage and voiding function. Novel treatments, including sGC activators, PDE5 inhibitors, and regenerative therapies like stem cell injections and extracorporeal shock wave treatment, show promise in mitigating fibrosis and improving bladder compliance.ConclusionsIdentifying and validating clinical risk stratification models, precise biomarkers and therapeutic windows remains essential for effective management and reversal of bladder fibrosis and dysfunction.
Setting national nursing research priorities in Qatar: A Delphi survey
Authors: Alomari Albara Mohammad Ali , Mannethodi Kamaruddeen , Singh Kalpana , Kunjavara Jibin , Joy George Vellaramcheril , Pitiquen Ederlie Encarnacion , Lenjawi Badriya A. L. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimTo establish consensus on the priorities of nursing research in Qatar regarding nursing administration, nursing practice and nursing education for the years 2023–2033.DesignClassic Delphi format over three phases.MethodsThe first phase involved a qualitative round where participants identified 10 research priorities. In phase two, the collected sentences were analysed and grouped into themes. Participants were then requested to rate these sentences based on their perceived importance. During phase three, participants received their individual responses, the consolidated group response from the second round, and were given the opportunity to agree or disagree with the group ranking. The panel of experts consisted of 32 participants who agreed to participate in all three rounds. They included a mixture of nursing academics, clinical managers and nursing directors from public sectors and nursing schools in Qatar.ResultsThe experts reached a consensus on the research priorities for Qatar. These prioritized topics focused on improving patient care outcomes, enhancing workforce development, strengthening nursing leadership, integrating technology to improve nursing and nursing education and promoting evidence‐based practice.ConclusionThis research emphasizes the importance of progress in nursing to meet healthcare demands. Findings showed the need of future research to focus on improving nursing workforce and well‐being, leadership styles and technology, and evidence‐based practice and technology in nursing education.ImpactThe impact of identifying nursing research priorities in Qatar will improve healthcare practices, fostering a culture of evidence‐based care. These advancements will motivate nurses to engage more actively in research, thereby enhancing overall healthcare outcomes.Public ContributionNot applicable.