bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microfluidic Hydrogel Hanging‐Drop Network for Long‐Term Culturing of 3D Microtissues and Simultaneous High‐Resolution Imaging
Authors: Aeby Elise A. , Misun Patrick M. , Hierlemann Andreas , Frey Olivier 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThree‐dimensional (3D) microtissues, cultured in microfluidic platforms, enable to study complex biological mechanisms that cannot be replicated in two‐dimensional cell cultures. Deeper insights can be obtained if these 3D culture systems are rendered compatible with high‐resolution time‐lapse imaging systems, which requires precise placement and immobilization of the specimen while ensuring high viability and functionality of the 3D cell constructs. This article presents a versatile microfluidic platform for long‐term culturing and analysis of 3D microtissues. The platform is compatible with time‐lapse high‐resolution confocal microscopy. Hanging hydrogel drops enable the precise placement and stable immobilization of the microtissues in the microfluidic chip. The chip includes perfusion capability to apply drugs, staining and clearing solutions. The features of the chip are demonstrated by studying (i) colon cancer microtissues to monitor tissue growth and cell death; on‐chip clearing was used to augment the penetration depth for endpoint imaging; (ii) primary human liver microtissues were exposed to cytochalasin D to observe its effect on the bile canaliculi. The results obtained with both sample types demonstrate the suitability of the system for investigating complex processes in organotypic 3D microtissues, down to single‐cell level, and for observation of physiologically relevant processes at subcellular scale.
Gap‐Mode Surface‐Plasmon‐Enhanced Photoluminescence and Photoresponse of MoS2
Authors: Wu Zhi‐Qian , Yang Jing‐Liang , Manjunath Nallappagar K. , Zhang Yue‐Jiao , Feng Si‐Rui , Lu Yang‐Hua , Wu Jiang‐Hong , Zhao Wei‐Wei , Qiu Cai‐Yu , Li Jian‐Feng , Lin Shi‐Sheng 
Published: May 2018

Abstract2D materials hold great potential for designing novel electronic and optoelectronic devices. However, 2D material can only absorb limited incident light. As a representative 2D semiconductor, monolayer MoS2 can only absorb up to 10% of the incident light in the visible, which is not sufficient to achieve a high optical‐to‐electrical conversion efficiency. To overcome this shortcoming, a “gap‐mode” plasmon‐enhanced monolayer MoS2 fluorescent emitter and photodetector is designed by squeezing the light‐field into Ag shell‐isolated nanoparticles–Au film gap, where the confined electromagnetic field can interact with monolayer MoS2. With this gap‐mode plasmon‐enhanced configuration, a 110‐fold enhancement of photoluminescence intensity is achieved, exceeding values reached by other plasmon‐enhanced MoS2 fluorescent emitters. In addition, a gap‐mode plasmon‐enhanced monolayer MoS2 photodetector with an 880% enhancement in photocurrent and a responsivity of 287.5 A W−1 is demonstrated, exceeding previously reported plasmon‐enhanced monolayer MoS2 photodetectors.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Cascade Cyclization/Alkynylation and Alkenylation of Alkynone O‐Methyloximes with Terminal Alkynes
Authors: Li Jianxiao , Hu Miao , Li Chunsheng , Li Can , Li Jiawei , Wu Wanqing , Jiang Huanfeng 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA palladium‐catalyzed cascade cyclization for the assembly of polyfunctionalized isoxazoles derivatives has been accomplished. This new protocol exhibits mild conditions, high efficiency, good functional group tolerance and broad substrate scope. Remarkably, the easy availability of starting materials along with the efficiency of the present strategy provides a new tool for the construction of structurally diverse isoxazole derivatives, becoming a promising application in synthetic and pharmaceutical chemistry.magnified image
ROS‐Responsive Microneedle Patch for Acne Vulgaris Treatment
Authors: Zhang Yuqi , Feng Peijian , Yu Jicheng , Yang Jia , Zhao Jiacheng , Wang Jinqiang , Shen Qundong , Gu Zhen 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAcne vulgaris is a common inflammatory skin disease associated with a colonization of Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes), which can cause both physiological and psychological impact to the patients. Although antibiotic cream is commonly used to treat acne, limited transport of drug to the lesions within the pilosebaceous unit leads to poor bactericidal effect. Here, the authors described a new method of drug administration using a reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐responsive microneedle (MN) patch for anti‐acne therapy. Compared to the commonly used anti‐acne cream, enhanced efficacy toward dermis lesions can be achieved through the skin penetration by MNs. A controlled and sustained drug release in response to the over‐generated ROS within acne is also important for improving the antibacterial effect and reducing the side effects. In addition, the patch base, formed by hyaluronic acid (HA) and diatomaceous earth (DE) with high physical adsorption capability, is beneficial for accelerating healing of skin via the absorption of pus and dead cell debris. In vivo studies in a P. acnes‐induced mouse model demonstrated this bioresponsive patch with adsorption capability could efficiently reduce the skin swelling and inhibit the bacterial growth.
Aluminum‐Mediated C6‐Selective C−H Alkylation of 2‐Carbamoylbenzofuran by Nickel Catalysis
Authors: Okumura Shogo , Nakao Yoshiaki 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBenzofuran is a key structural motif due to its bioactivity and frequent occurrence in nature. Although C−H functionalization can be one of the most efficient methods to synthesize poly‐substituted benzofurans, C6‐selective C−H functionalization has been undeveloped so far. Herein we report aluminum‐mediated C6‐selective linear alkylation of 2‐carbamoylbenzofurans with 1‐alkenes by nickel/N‐heterocyclic carbene catalysis. In the presence of a bulky aluminum additive [(2,6‐tBu2‐4‐Me‐C6H2O)2AlMe] (MAD), N,N‐diisobutylbenzofuran‐2‐carboxamide undergoes the C6‐selective linear alkylation reaction. Different terminal alkenes can afford the corresponding C6‐alkylation products in moderate to high yields. The site‐selectivity can be understood in terms of both steric and electronic factors.
Competitive escalation and interventions
Authors: Hafenbrädl Sebastian , Woike Jan K. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractCompetitive escalation occurs frequently in managerial environments, when decisions create sunk costs and decision makers compete under time pressure. In a series of experiments using a minimal dollar auction paradigm, we test interventions to prevent competitive escalation. Without any intervention, most people, including experienced managers, escalate and lose money by bidding more than the price is worth (e.g., more than 10 € for 10 €). We test several interventions, in which we provide individuals with different types of experience: direct experience in structurally identical and in structurally similar situations, as well as direct experience in similarly competitive situations (lacking the escalation dimension). We also study indirect experience based on vicariously learning about the situation's consequences (experienced by others) and based on mental simulation by setting oneself a limit regarding where to exit the competition. In 3 experiments (N = 1,229), we find that direct experience in exactly the same or a structurally similar situation allows individuals to prevent subsequent escalation, whereas direct experience in a similar situation without escalation does not. Indirect experience based on vicarious learning successfully reduces competitive escalation, whereas a goal‐setting intervention that has proven instrumental in reducing classic escalation of commitment is not effective. This pattern of variation in the effectiveness of different interventions is consistent with the theory of a hot‐cold empathy gap that prevents people from anticipating how they will experience a competitive situation before entering it. As a methodological contribution, we developed a deception‐free computer‐player dollar‐auction for online participants and a dynamic chicken game.
Hippocampal lipidome and transcriptome profile alterations triggered by acute exposure of mice to GSM 1800 MHz mobile phone radiation: An exploratory study
Authors: Fragopoulou Adamantia F. , Polyzos Alexandros , Papadopoulou Maria‐Despoina , Sansone Anna , Manta Areti K. , Balafas Evangelos , Kostomitsopoulos Nikolaos , Skouroliakou Aikaterini , Chatgilialoglu Chryssostomos , Georgakilas Alexandros , Stravopodis Dimitrios J. , Ferreri Carla , Thanos Dimitris , Margaritis Lukas H. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe widespread use of wireless devices during the last decades is raising concerns about adverse health effects of the radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF‐EMR) emitted from these devices. Recent research is focusing on unraveling the underlying mechanisms of RF‐EMR and potential cellular targets. The “omics” high‐throughput approaches are powerful tools to investigate the global effects of RF‐EMR on cellular physiology.MethodsIn this work, C57BL/6 adult male mice were whole‐body exposed (nExp = 8) for 2 hr to GSM 1800 MHz mobile phone radiation at an average electric field intensity range of 4.3–17.5 V/m or sham‐exposed (nSE = 8), and the RF‐EMR effects on the hippocampal lipidome and transcriptome profiles were assessed 6 hr later.ResultsThe data analysis of the phospholipid fatty acid residues revealed that the levels of four fatty acids [16:0, 16:1 (6c + 7c), 18:1 9c, eicosapentaenoic acid omega‐3 (EPA, 20:5 ω3)] and the two fatty acid sums of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids (SFA and MUFA) were significantly altered (p < 0.05) in the exposed group. The observed changes indicate a membrane remodeling response of the tissue phospholipids after nonionizing radiation exposure, reducing SFA and EPA, while increasing MUFA residues. The microarray data analysis demonstrated that the expression of 178 genes changed significantly (p < 0.05) between the two groups, revealing an impact on genes involved in critical biological processes, such as cell cycle, DNA replication and repair, cell death, cell signaling, nervous system development and function, immune system response, lipid metabolism, and carcinogenesis.ConclusionsThis study provides preliminary evidence that mobile phone radiation induces hippocampal lipidome and transcriptome changes that may explain the brain proteome changes and memory deficits previously shown by our group.
Variation in Polyphenolic Profiles, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Different Achillea Species as Natural Sources of Antiglycative Compounds
Authors: Afshari Mahvash , Rahimmalek Mehdi , Miroliaei Mehran 
Published: May 2018

A comparative study was carried out on the methanolic extracts from six Achillea species and the examined polyphenols from these plants on the formation of advanced glycation end‐products (AGE) in vitro. A. pachycephala which was richer in flavonoids (15 mg quercetin/g W) and phenolics (111.10 mg tannic acid/g DW) with substantial antioxidant activity (IC50 = 365.5 μg/ml) presented strong anti‐AGE properties. Chlorogenic acid, luteolin, quercetin and caffeic acid were identified as the major polyphenols in the extracts by HPLC. In general, polyphenolic content follows the order of A. pachycephalla > A. nobilis > A. filipendulina > A. santolina > A. aucheri > A. millefolium. Most extracts exhibited marked anti‐AGE ability in the bovine serum albumin (BSA)/methylglyoxal (MG) system, though A. pachycephala showed the highest potential. The formation of AGEs was assessed by monitoring the production of fluorescent products and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. Diminution in free radical production (assessed by 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays) is discussed as potential mechanism for delay or reduced AGE. The results demonstrate the antiglycative, antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of Achillea species which can be attributed to polyphenols content and the effectiveness on generation of AGEs, thus Achillea species can be considered as natural sources for slowing down glycation related diseases.
Synthesis, Characterisation and Reactivity of 3‐Mercaptopyruvic Acid
Authors: Galardon Erwan , Lec Jean‐Christophe 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe synthesis, isolation and spectroscopic characterisation of the sulfur metabolic compound 3‐mercaptopyruvic acid (3‐MPH) is reported, for the first time. The compound is isolated without tedious workup, with a purity of 97 %, as indicated by chemical and biochemical analyses. Detailed kinetic and thermodynamic studies of its complex behaviour in solution are discussed. 3‐MPH is stable in the enol form in non‐polar solvent. In polar solvent, a fast equilibrium between the α‐ketoacid and a cyclic dimer dithiane is observed. The formation of the dimer confers increased stability to 3‐MPH towards hydrogen peroxide, in comparison with cysteine.
Effects of temperature‐cycled retrogradation on properties of amylosucrase‐treated waxy corn starch
Authors: Nam Sae Mi , Kim Ha Ram , Choi Seung Jun , Park Cheon‐Seok , Moon Tae Wha 
Published: May 2018

Background and objectivesThough amylosucrase (AS)‐treated starches have been studied recently, the retrogradation properties of AS‐treated starches have not been studied yet. In this study, AS‐treated waxy corn starch was retrograded by temperature cycling, and the effects of storage conditions on the structure and digestibility of the starch were investigated.FindingsAmylosucrase‐treated waxy corn starch had a larger amount of long chains (degree of polymerization ≥25) than the control starch and exhibited amylose‐like behavior. Temperature cycling induced the reassociation of the elongated chains of AS‐treated starch and accelerated retrogradation, causing rapid and significant increases (p < 0.05) in melting enthalpy, relative crystallinity, and resistant starch (RS) content compared to those observed during isothermal storage.ConclusionsStructural changes affected the reassociation and/or melting properties of starch, as the two starches (control starch and AS‐treated starch) had different favored steps of retrogradation (propagation and nucleation, respectively) during temperature‐cycling storage.Significance and noveltyThis study provided information on retrogradation‐related changes in the properties of AS‐treated starch. Temperature‐cycled retrogradation can be used as a physical modification method to enhance the RS content of AS‐treated starch, allowing AS‐treated starch to be used as a low‐glycemic index ingredient.
Prosthodontic management of a patient with mandibular asymmetry: a case report
Authors: Holland Nicola , McKenna Gerald 
Published: May 2018

Key Clinical MessageThis case report outlines a conservative treatment approach utilized in the management of a patient with a transverse left‐sided mandibular asymmetry, in an attempt to obtain a functional and esthetic occlusion using removable intraoral prostheses. A positive final result was achieved by maintaining close communication with the on‐site dental technician.
Response Surface Optimization of Dysprosium Extraction Using an Emulsion Liquid Membrane Integrated with Multi‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Raji Maliheh , Abolghasemi Hossein , Safdari Jaber , Kargari Ali 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA new emulsion liquid membrane was prepared for dysprosium (Dy) extraction from aqueous solution using multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The influence of MWCNT concentration, carrier and surfactant concentration, stirring speed, feed‐phase pH, and internal phase concentration and their interactive effects were studied. A regression model for Dy extraction was developed and the parameters were optimized by response surface methodology. The extent of extraction increases with higher MWCNT concentration up to a certain level. The Dy extraction through the liquid membrane containing MWCNT improves with time. Moreover, the overall mass transfer coefficient was enhanced in the presence of MWCNT due to the formation of a more stable emulsion and liquid membrane.
Influence of Diacylglycerol on Physicochemical Properties and Crystallization Behavior of Palm Oil
Authors: Huang Xin , Wang Jingkang , Bi Jingtao , Hao Hongxun 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe physicochemical properties of palm olein fractions obtained by dry fractionation were studied. Chromatographic purification was applied to separate diacylglycerol from palm olein fractions without changing the triacylglycerol composition, and the effects of diacylglycerol on the cold stability of palm olein fractions were investigated. The cold test results proved that the influence of diacylglycerol on the crystallization behavior of palm olein fractions depended both on its concentration and the temperature of the system. Finally, the influencing mechanisms of diacylglycerol on the cold stability of palm olein fractions were proposed and discussed. Essential information for food application purposes in the palm oil industry is provided.
Conductive Hydrogels as Smart Materials for Flexible Electronic Devices
Authors: Rong Qinfeng , Lei Wenwei , Liu Mingjie 
Published: May 2018

AbstractFlexible conductive materials have gained considerable research interest in recent years because of their potential applications in flexible energy storage devices, sensors, touch panels, electronic skins, etc. With excellent flexibility, outstanding electric properties and tunable mechanical properties, conductive hydrogels as conductive materials offer plentiful insights and opportunities for flexible electronic devices. Numerous synthetic strategies have been developed to obtain various conductive hydrogels, and high‐performance flexible electronic devices based on these conductive hydrogels have been realized. This review provides a comprehensive overview of conductive‐hydrogel‐based flexible electronics, ranging from conductive hydrogels synthesis to several important flexible devices applications, including touch panels, sensors and energy storage. Finally, we provide new future research directions and perspectives for conductive‐hydrogel‐based flexible and portable electronic devices.
Reversible C−H Activation, Facile C−B/B−H Metathesis and Apparent Hydroboration Catalysis by a Dimethylxanthene‐Based Frustrated Lewis Pair
Authors: Vasko Petra , Zulkifly Ili A. , Fuentes M. Ángeles , Mo Zhenbo , Hicks Jamie , Kamer Paul C. J. , Aldridge Simon 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA dimethylxanthene‐based phosphine/borane frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) is shown to effect reversible C−H activation, cleaving phenylacetylene, PhCCH, to give an equilibrium mixture of the free FLP and phosphonium acetylide in CD2Cl2 solution at room temperature. This system also reacts with B−H bonds although in a different fashion: reactions with HBpin and HBcat proceed via C−B/B−H metathesis, leading to replacement of the ‐B(C6F5)2 Lewis acid component by ‐Bpin/‐Bcat, and transfer of HB(C6F5)2 to the phosphine Lewis base. This transformation underpins the ability of the FLP to catalyze the hydroboration of alkynes by HBpin: the active species is derived from the HB(C6F5)2 fragment generated in this exchange process.
Paper‐Based Polymer Electrodes for Bioanalysis and Electrochemistry of Neurotransmitters
Authors: Trouillon Raphaël , Gijs Martin A. M. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by the Laboratory of Microsystems at EPFL. The image shows the oxidation of dopamine at the surface of a PEDOT‐coated paper electrode. The background picture is a typical SEM image of a paper electrode. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/cphc.201701124.
MRI to Assess Neurological Function
Authors: Nieman Brian J. , van Eede Matthijs C. , Spring Shoshana , Dazai Jun , Henkelman R. Mark , Lerch Jason P. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis article describes a detailed set of protocols for mouse brain imaging using MRI. We focus primarily on measuring changes in neuroanatomy, and provide both instructions for mouse preparation and details on image acquisition, image processing, and statistics. Practical details as well as theoretical considerations are provided. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Controlled Selectivity of CO2 Reduction on Copper by Pulsing the Electrochemical Potential
Authors: Kimura Kevin W. , Fritz Kevin E. , Kim Jiyoon , Suntivich Jin , Abruña Héctor D. , Hanrath Tobias 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWe demonstrate a simple strategy to enhance the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) selectivity by applying a pulsed electrochemical potential to a polycrystalline copper electrode. By controlling the pulse duration, we show that the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is highly suppressed to a fraction of the original value (<5 % faradaic efficiency) and selectivity for the CO2RR dramatically improves (>75 % CH4 and >50 % CO faradaic efficiency). We attribute the improved CO2RR selectivity to a dynamically rearranging surface coverage of hydrogen and intermediate species during the pulsing. Our finding provides new insights into the interplay of transport and reaction processes as well as timescales of competing pathways to enable new opportunities to tune CO2RR selectivity by adjusting the pulse profile. Additionally, the pulsed potential method we describe can be easily applied to other catalysts materials to improve their CO2RR selectivity.
The relation of respiratory sinus arrhythmia to later shyness: Moderation by neighborhood quality
Authors: Zhang Hui , Spinrad Tracy L. , Eisenberg Nancy , Zhang Linlin 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe purpose of the study was to predict young children's shyness from both internal/biological (i.e., resting respiratory sinus arrhythmia; RSA) and external (i.e., neighborhood quality) factors. Participants were 180 children at 42 (Time 1; T1), 72 (T2), and 84 (T3) months of age. RSA data were obtained at T1 during a neutral film in the laboratory. Mothers reported perceived neighborhood quality at T2 and children's dispositional shyness at T1 and T3. Path analyses indicated that resting RSA interacted with neighborhood quality to predict T3 shyness, even after controlling for earlier family income and T1 shyness. Specifically, high levels of resting RSA predicted low levels of shyness in the context of high neighborhood quality. When neighborhood quality was low, resting RSA was positively related to later shyness. These findings indicate that children's shyness is predicted by more than biological processes and that consideration of the broader context is critical to understanding children's social behavior.