bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A randomized controlled trail to compare the effect of oxycodone and sufentanil on postoperative analgesia and immune function for laparoscopic resection of colorectal cancer
Authors: Lin Chunmei , Xu Zhiqiao , Liang Xin , Wei Hong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of oxycodone and sufentanil on postoperative analgesia and immune function in patients with laparoscopic resection of colorectal cancer (CRC), as well as the serum level of inflammatory cytokine.
Methods
40 patients from August 2023 to August 2024 in Shenzhen Nanshan Hospital undergoing laparoscopic resection of CRC were randomly divided into Group O (n = 20) and Group S (n = 20). The visual analog scale (VAS) score and serial blood samples were assessed during perioperative period. The primary outcome was VAS scores and immune function at 24h and 72h after surgery. The secondary outcome was inflammatory markers at 24h and 72h after surgery.
Results
The VAS scores at cough in Group O at 24 h and 72h postoperative were lower than those in Group S (p < 0.001). No significant difference was found in VAS scores at rest between the two groups (P > 0.05). The immune indicators including C3, C4, IgG, IgA, IgE, IgM, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+did not show significant changes after using oxycodone or sufentanil for patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA). There was no significant difference in inflammatory factors (including IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-a and INF-y) at 24 h and 72h after surgery between the Group O and Group S.
Conclusion
The effect of oxycodone in relieving visceral pain is better than sufentanil, but not cutting pain. In addition, there is no significant superiority in the effects of oxycodone on immune function and inflammatory cytokine release compared to sufentanil.
Trial registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2400089072).
Spatiotemporal Analysis of Future Drought Vulnerability in the Hindu Kush Region: A Case Study of the Karnali River Basin
Authors: Hamal Samikshya , Lamichhane Suraj , Maharjan Koshish Raj 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

A slow-onset catastrophe known as a drought driven by climate change has an impact on the Karnali River Basin, central part of the Himalaya of the Hindu Kush Region. The present study aims to evaluate the spatial and temporal extent and characteristics of the drought using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) in combination with Geographical Information System (GIS) of KRB as this type of research takes less data and resources and can be done using secondary sources data. In addition, this study makes an effort to predict future temperature and precipitation from 2021–2100 utilizing the most recent CMIP6 datasets under two scenarios, SSP245 and SSP585. The majority of highland areas, which comprises as Salyan, Surkhet, and Bardiya from Terai shows the very high vulnerability in every seasons. Central region of Karnali River Basin shows high vulnerability. Pre monsoon, post monsoon, and winter shows the vulnerability ranges from moderate to very high. While the monsoon does not exhibit very high sensitivity meanwhile, the whole KRB exhibits high susceptibility. Under SSP245, coverage of moderate vulnerability is observed to rise during winter and pre monsoon, whereas coverage of high vulnerability is observed to decrease. For instance, moderate vulnerability coverage declines while high vulnerability coverage increases throughout the monsoon and post-monsoon seasons while under SSP585, the vulnerability to winter drought will increase in the future. For the validation of this research, mapping of meteorological drought indices SPI and SPEI have also done, as a result, DVM created by integrating AHP and GIS with less data and secondary data delivers comparable outcomes to real-time data statistics from SPI and SPEI.
Muscle mass is an important prognostic factor for patients with lung cancer: a cross-sectional multicenter prospective cohort study
Authors: Shi Hanping , Wang Xin , Zhao Hong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Muscle dysfunction and loss of mass are significant clinical concerns and key features of cancer cachexia. However, the potential predictive role of muscle mass, especially hand grip strength (HGS), as a prognostic factor in lung cancer remains underexplored. The aim of this study is to determine whether HGS, as a measure of muscle mass, is an effective predictor of clinical outcomes in patients with lung cancer.
Methods
This research is a cross-sectional multicenter prospective cohort study, encompassing patients aged over 18 from 29 medical centers. These patients were diagnosed with lung cancer between June 2012 and December 2019. We assessed muscle mass using several indicators: hand grip strength (HGS), mid-arm circumference (MAC), left mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC), mid-arm muscle area (MAMA), left maximum calf circumference (MCC), and an overall muscle wasting score (OMWS). These indicators serve to measure muscle strength and mass. The primary outcomes of this study are overall survival (OS) time and all-cause mortality. Hazard ratios (HRs) were applied to analyze the impact of muscle mass on the all-cause mortality.
Results
Totally 3496 patients from 29 medical centers were included. Patients were stratified into four groups based on the quartiles of their HGS scores, with group sizes of 874, 860, 887 and 875, respectively. Subgroup analysis revealed that patients with lower HGS scores had significantly poorer outcomes than those with higher scores. The 5-year survival probabilities were 30.73%, 35.43%, 31.04 and 39.06% for each group respectively (p < 0.0001), even after adjusting for tumor stage and gender. Univariate Cox regression analysis revealed that higher HGS was an independent protective factor for patients with lung cancer (hazard ratio = 0.69, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.59–0.81). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis corroborated this finding. Other muscle mass metrics, such as MAC, MAMC, MAMA, MLC and OMWS, also underscore the protective role of maintaining muscle mass in lung cancer prognosis.
Conclusions
The progressive and widespread reduction of skeletal muscle mass and strength is a critical negative prognostic indicator in lung cancer patients. Among all the evaluated parameters, HGS demonstrates the most significant correlation with overall survival. It stands out as a key factor in predicting the prognosis of patients with lung cancer.
Promoting sustainable food purchases in online grocery shopping: insights from a pilot randomised controlled field trial
Authors: Bentil Helena , Oyebode Oyinlola , Scarborough Peter , Thompson Claire , Brock Jessica , Clark Michael , White Martin , Rens Thijs Van 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective
It remains unclear which interventions are effective in promoting more sustainable (or healthier) food choices within online grocery shopping environments.
We set out to 1) use a plug-in (browser extension) to implement a pilot randomised controlled trial of eco-labels for specific food products to promote more sustainable purchasing and collect food purchase data, and 2) collect data to inform a larger trial investigating the effectiveness of eco-labels and other interventions promoting environmentally sustainable online food purchases. The plug-in was custom-built and active on a large UK supermarket website, accessed using the Google Chrome browser on a desktop or laptop.
Results
Of 504 participants screened, 161 met eligibility criteria and were invited to participate in the study. 57 of these downloaded the plug-in, of which 22 shopped at least once over the 1-month trial. There was no significant difference in average eco-score of purchases between control and intervention groups (p= 0.22). 69/161 eligible participants responded to an endline survey and suggested technical support, reminders, greater incentives, and more information about eco-labels were needed for the full trial. We showed that it is feasible to evaluate online grocery shopping interventions without the collaboration of a supermarket using a web browser extension.
Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection of diabetic foot ulcers in an eastern diabetic foot center in China: A whole-genome-based study
Authors: Chen Yixin , Ji Jingshu , Lei Yongzhen , Zhu Weifen , Wang Chiyu , Yang Jie , Wang Ying , You Jiaxing , Liu Chao , Li Hong , Li Lin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Diabetic foot infections are an important cause of hospitalization and disability in patients with diabetes. Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) is commonly linked to skin and soft tissue infections and is prevalent in diabetic foot wounds. This study aimed to investigate the clinical features of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections in diabetic foot ulcers and characterize the genetic profiles of MRSA strains.
Results
Sixteen Staphylococcus aureus strains were collected from 16 diabetic foot infections, including 10 MRSA and 6 methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) from severe cases. Through next-generation sequencing, nine of the ten MRSA strains were genetically identified as CA-MRSA clones. Six of the nine CA-MRSA clones were associated with severe infections. There was no significant difference in the number of virulence or drug-resistance genes between the MRSA and MSSA strains. ST59-IVa was the most commonly isolated MRSA strain (40%, 4/10), with three of the four strains (75%) being the Asia-Pacific clone ST59-t437-IVa. All four ST59 strains carried the chp and seb genes; in contrast, three of the ST59 strains carried the pvl gene.
Conclusion
In our center, CA-MRSA clones were the most common cause of MRSA infections in diabetic foot ulcers, with ST59-IV being the predominant clone. The combination of drug resistance and high virulence in CA-MRSA poses a significant threat to patients with diabetes and foot ulcers.
DCE-MRI detects OATP-expressing transplanted cells using clinical doses of gadolinium contrast agent
Authors: Bhattacharyya Tapas , Mallett Christiane L. , Hix Jeremy M.-L. , Shaprio Erik 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs) transport off-the-shelf, FDA-approved, hepatospecific Gd-based MRI contrast agents into cells that express the transporters enhancing signal on T1-weighted MRI. Studies have used MRI to identify OATP-overexpressing tumors and metastases transplanted in mice following the delivery of Gd-EOB-DTPA at 27-67-fold higher than clinical doses. With safety and regulatory concern over Gd-based contrast agents, translating OATPs as an MRI reporter protein to humans for regenerative medicine will require substantially lower doses of agent.
Procedures:
We engineered the MyC-CaP mouse tumor cell line to express rat OATP1B2, which influxes both Gd-EOB-DTPA and Gd-BOPTA, resulting in signal enhancement on T1-weighted MRI. We then inoculated mice with rat OATP1B2 and non-expressing cells bilaterally to generate tumors. 3–4 weeks after inoculation, when tumors had formed, in-vivo MRI imaging was performed with delivery of 0.025 mmol/kg or 0.25 mmol/kg of the Gd-based contrast agents. We complemented static T1-weighted MRI and T1-mapping with dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE)-MRI and performed area under the curve (AUC) analysis to discriminate the two tumor types.
Results
While all OATP1B2-expressing tumors were easily visible at the high dose of 0.25 mmol/kg on T1-weighted MRI and easy to distinguish from control tumors, OATP1B2-expressing tumors were hard to identify and distinguish from non-expressing tumors at the lower, clinical dose of 0.025 mmol/kg with standard T1-weighted MRI or T1-mapping. However, AUC analyses of the DCE-MRI curves could identify and distinguish these tumors, needing 30 (Gd-EOB-DTPA) or 45 (Gd-BOPTA) minutes acquisition time.
Conclusions
By performing AUC analyses of DCE-MRI curves following delivery of clinical concentration of MRI contrast agents, OATP1B2-expressing tumors could be identified and distinguished from control tumors, suggesting this imaging approach as a path to substantially reducing the amount of contrast agent needed to use OATPs as a clinically viable reporter protein for imaging regenerative medicine.
Evaluation of Mandibular and Maxillary Second Molar Root Canal Anatomy in a Turkish Subpopulation Using CBCT: Comparison of Briseno-Marroquin and Vertucci Classifications
Authors: GÜNEÇ Hüseyin Gürkan , ÖREROĞLU İpek , ÇAĞLAR Kemal , AYDIN Kader CESUR 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
This retrospective study aims to characterise the root canal morphology of maxillary and mandibular molars using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The number of roots and canal configurations were evaluated using both the Vertucci and Benjamı´n Brisen˜ o Marroquı´n classification systems.
Methods
Total of 1084 second molar images (523 upper; 266 right and 257 left sides & 561 lower; 285 right and 276 left sides) were obtained from 320 CBCT scans that were analysed. CBCT imaging provided superior visualisation of root canal anatomy compared to periapical radiography. The findings revealed diverse root canal configurations, with variations observed even within the same population. Statistical analyses, including the chi-squared test, were used to assess correlations between root number and demographic variables such as age and sex.
Results
According to Benjamı´n Brisen˜ o Marroquı´n classification system, the most common configuration for upper right three-rooted teeth mesial root was 3172−1 (n:66, 35.7%), for distal root was 3171 (n:169, 91.4%), and for palatal root was 3171 (n:165, 89.2%). Additionally, the most common configuration for upper left three-rooted teeth mesial root was 3271 (n:50, 28.4%), for distal root was 3271 (n:160, 90.9%), and for palatal root was 3271 (n:158, 89.8%). In lower left molars, the most common configuration in the two-rooted teeth mesial root was 2372 (n:114, 49.4%), and for the distal root was 2371 (n:170, 73.6%). For lower right the most common configuration for two-rooted teeth mesial root was 2472 (n:125, 52.5%), and for distal root was 2471 (n:173, 72.7%)( p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Due to highly variable morphological features observed in the upper- and lower-second molars of the Turkish subpopulation, CBCT is strongly recommended on a case-by-case basis. The results revealed extensive variations in root canal morphology.
Health-related quality of life and associated factors among individuals with heart failure attending public hospitals in Nekemte town, Western Oromia, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Dinku Kidane , Chala Dereje , Regea Firaol , Lema Matiyos 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:Heart failure has a significant impact on patients' health-related quality of life. Despite the potential importance of assessing the health-related quality of life among people with heart failure, only two studies have been conducted in Ethiopia, which may limit the generalizability of the findings in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study assessed the health-related quality of life and associated factors among people with heart failure attending public hospitals in Nekemte town, western Ethiopia.
Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 20 to August 20, 2023; a random sampling method was used to enroll the 422 participants. Health-related quality of life was assessed using the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaires standard tool. Data was coded and entered using Epi-Data version 4.6 and exported to SPSS software version 26 for cleaning and analysis. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions were used to determine the factors influencing health-related quality of life among people with heart failure. A P value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant in this study.
Results:A total of 422 people with heart failure participated, (51.2%), 95% CI: (47.15–52.36) have poor health-related quality of life. More than half of the people with heart failure who participated in this study had poor health-related quality of life (51.2%), 95% CI: (47.15–52.36). Rural residency AOR=3.34, 95% CI (1.82, 6.13), lack of formal education AOR=2.92, 95% CI (1.17, 7.32), NYHA classes III and IV AOR=3.76, 95% CI (2.03, 6.96) and 4.91 (2.45, 9.90), respectively, longer duration with heart failure AOR=3.52, 95% CI (1.22, 10.13), and with other comorbid illnesses AOR=2.89, 95% CI (1.40, 5.97) were associated with poor health-related quality of life among people with heart failure.
Conclusions: This study indicates that more than half of the participants had poor health-related quality of life among people with heart failure.It is associated with rural residency, lack of formal education, higher NYHA classes, longer duration, and comorbid illnesses. So, clinicians should consider and improve the quality of life by addressing the factors associated with heart failure. Future studies are warranted to examine the causal relationship between quality of life and associated factors among people with heart failure.
Atypical Pulmonary Manifestations Suggestive of Lung Cancer in Behçet’s Disease with Spontaneously Regressing Lymphadenopathy and a Lung Mass: A Case Report
Authors: Kim So-yun , Yeo Min-kyung , Im Subin , Chung Chaeuk 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Behçet’s disease (BD) is a multisystem inflammatory disorder that can affect various organs, including the lungs. Pulmonary manifestations are rare and typically present as pulmonary artery aneurysms.
Case presentation
We report the case of a 56-year-old East Asian male with a 27-year history of BD, who had no respiratory symptoms, such as hemoptysis, cough, or fever. Chest imaging revealed lymph node enlargement and a lung mass, initially raising concerns of malignancy. Despite the suspicious radiological findings, three biopsies, including a surgical biopsy, were all negative for malignancy. Remarkably, over the course of 2 years, these pulmonary manifestations spontaneously regressed without any specific treatment for lung involvement, and the patient remained in a stable BD state.
Conclusions
BD patients are at an increased risk for malignancy compared to healthy controls, making it crucial to differentiate between malignancy and BD-related pulmonary abnormalities. This case highlights that, in the absence of active BD symptoms, lymphadenopathy and lung masses can occur and may resolve spontaneously. Accurate diagnosis and vigilant monitoring are essential in BD patients but BD-related lung involvement should be considered in similar cases.
3-Hydroxybutyrate, A Metabolite in Sustaining Neuronal Cell Vitality: A Mendelian Randomization and in Vitro Experimentation
Authors: Hu Xiaoling , Lin Yu , Huang Kaiwen , Xu HuiLin , Fu Changmei Huang , Ou Jiayin , Fan Xiude , Li Zhe , Fang Jiansong , Fang Shuhuan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background Recent research has implicated mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) and Tau protein levels in the blood as potential biomarkers for early Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk assessment, correlating with metabolite profiles. However, intermediary metabolites mediating these associations remain elusive.
Methods Employing a two-sample and a mediation Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis of the IEU OpenGWAS database, involving 383,476 participants from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and an exome-wide association study (ExWAS), we identified intermediary metabolites linking mtDNA-CN and Tau.Meanwhile, the effects of mediating metabolites on HT22 cell viability and its mitochondrial morphology were also assessed in conjunction with in vitro experiments.
Results Our study revealed an association of mtDNA-CN on Tau (OR = 3.102, 95% CI: 1.016-9.472, P = 0.047), as well as on other 31 metabolites such as 3-Hydroxybutyrate (3HB), Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), Acetate, Albumin, Apolipoprotein A-I (APOA1), and so on. Notably, 3HB was further implicated in a relationship with Tau (OR = 6.030, 95% CI: 1.054-34.491, P = 0.043), acting as a mediator between mtDNA-CN and Tau. In vitro experiments demonstrated that 3HB positively sustained HT22 cell viability by MTT assay and mitigated mitochondrial swelling under low glucose conditions, as observed via HIS-SIM.
Conclusions These findings underscore the potential of 3HB as a biomarker and mediator in early AD risk assessment. Moreover, 3HB's ability to enhance cell viability and preserve mitochondrial morphology in stressed conditions suggests its therapeutic potential in mitigating energy metabolism imbalances in AD brains.
2mg baricitinib may have fewer adverse reactions than we thought: A meta-analysis
Authors: Ou Zuzhen , Huang Hui , He Xu , Chen Shiqi , Wang Yuqing , Wang Caifeng , Liu Nian , Yin Rui , Liu Shulei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background: Baricitinib, an oral selective inhibitor of Janus kinase 1 (JAK 1) and JAK 2, has been reported to perform amazingly in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD), but its adverse reactions are still contentious.
Objective: This study is design to evaluate the adverse reactions to 2 mg baricitinib in the treatment of patients suffering from moderate-to-severe AD.
Method: Trials involving adverse reactions of baricitinib in treatment of patients with moderate-to-severe AD were searched in the MEDLINE, Cochrane databases, EMBASE and Web of Science, and on ClinicalTrials.gov. The outcome of the research was the incidence of adverse events during the experimental period.
Results: Seven RCTs were brought into this study. Meta-analysis found that patients treated with 2 mg baricitinib suffered a higher risk of headache (RR 1.54, 95% CI 1.05–2.26, P = 0.03), while almost no difference was found in the incidence of other adverse events between the baricitinib and placebo groups.
Conclusion: Baricitinib (2 mg) had a higher risk of headache when treat patients with moderate-to-severe AD, but had little influence on other adverse events, such as skin infectious events and non-skin infectious events.