bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A note on a positive solution of a null mass nonlinear field equation in exterior domains
Authors: Khatib Alireza , Maia Liliane A. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe consider the Null Mass nonlinear field equation
(𝒫)$$\left\{ {\matrix{ {-\Delta u = f(u){\rm in}\;\;\Omega } \hfill \hfill \hfill \hfill \cr {u > 0} \hfill \hfill \hfill \hfill \hfill \hfill \hfill \hfill \hfill \hfill \hfill \hfill \hfill \hfill \hfill \hfill \hfill \hfill \cr {u \vert_{\partial \Omega } = 0} \cr } } \right.$$
where ${\open R}^N \setminus \Omega $ is a bounded regular domain. The existence of a bound state solution is established in situations where this problem does not have a ground state.
A new test for asphericity and diagrammatic reducibility of group presentations
Authors: Barmak Jonathan Ariel , Minian Elias Gabriel 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe present a new test for studying asphericity and diagrammatic reducibility of group presentations. Our test can be applied to prove diagrammatic reducibility in cases where the classical weight test fails. We use this criterion to generalize results of J. Howie and S.M. Gersten on asphericity of LOTs and of Adian presentations, and derive new results on solvability of equations over groups. We also use our methods to investigate a conjecture of S.V. Ivanov related to Kaplansky's problem on zero divisors: we strengthen Ivanov's result for locally indicable groups and prove a weak version of the conjecture.
On the generalized Hardy-Rellich inequalities
Authors: Anoop T.V. , Das Ujjal , Sarkar Abhishek 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we look for the weight functions (sayg) that admit the following generalized Hardy-Rellich type inequality:$$\int_\Omega g (x)u^2 dx \les C\int_\Omega \vert \Delta u \vert ^2 dx,\quad \forall u\in {\rm {\cal D}}_0^{2,2} (\Omega ),$$for some constantC> 0, whereΩis an open set in ℝNwithN⩾ 1. We find various classes of such weight functions, depending on the dimensionNand the geometry of Ω. Firstly, we use the Muckenhoupt condition for the one-dimensional weighted Hardy inequalities and a symmetrization inequality to obtain admissible weights in certain Lorentz-Zygmund spaces. Secondly, using the fundamental theorem of integration we obtain the weight functions in certain weighted Lebesgue spaces. As a consequence of our results, we obtain simple proofs for the embeddings of${\cal D}_0^{2,2} $into certain Lorentz-Zygmund spaces proved by Hansson and later by Brezis and Wainger.
Existence of solutions for critical Choquard equations via the concentration-compactness method
Authors: Gao Fashun , da Silva Edcarlos D. , Yang Minbo , Zhou Jiazheng 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we consider the nonlinear Choquard equation$$-\Delta u + V(x)u = \left( {\int_{{\open R}^N} {\displaystyle{{G(u)} \over { \vert x-y \vert ^\mu }}} \,{\rm d}y} \right)g(u)\quad {\rm in}\;{\open R}^N, $$where 0 < μ <N,N⩾ 3,g(u) is of critical growth due to the Hardy–Littlewood–Sobolev inequality and$G(u)=\int ^u_0g(s)\,{\rm d}s$. Firstly, by assuming that the potentialV(x) might be sign-changing, we study the existence of Mountain-Pass solution via a nonlocal version of the second concentration- compactness principle. Secondly, under the conditions introduced by Benci and Cerami , we also study the existence of high energy solution by using a nonlocal version of global compactness lemma.
Estimates for the order of Nevanlinna matrices and a Berezanskii-type theorem
Authors: Pruckner Raphael , Woracek Harald 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe give an upper estimate for the order of the entire functions in the Nevanlinna parameterization of the solutions of an indeterminate Hamburger moment problem. Under a regularity condition this estimate becomes explicit and takes the form of a convergence exponent. Proofs are based on transformations of canonical systems and I.S.Kac' formula for the spectral asymptotics of a string. Combining with a lower estimate from previous work, we obtain a class of moment problems for which order can be computed. This generalizes a theorem of Yu.M.Berezanskii about spectral asymptotics of a Jacobi matrix (in the case that order is ⩽ 1/2).
Boardman–Vogt tensor products of absolutely free operads
Authors: Bremner Murray , Dotsenko Vladimir 
Published: January 2019

AbstractTo the memory of Trevor Evans (1925–1991),the pioneer of interchange laws in universal algebraWe establish a combinatorial model for the Boardman–Vogt tensor product of several absolutely free operads, that is, free symmetric operads that are also free as 𝕊-modules. Our results imply that such a tensor product is always a free 𝕊-module, in contrast with the results of Kock and Bremner–Madariaga on hidden commutativity for the Boardman–Vogt tensor square of the operad of non-unital associative algebras.
Multi-clustered solutions for a singularly perturbed forced pendulum equation
Authors: Martínez Salomé , Salazar Dora 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we are concerned with unbounded solutions of the singularly perturbed forced pendulum equation in the presence of friction, namely
$$\varepsilon ^2u_\varepsilon ^{{\prime}{\prime}} + \sin u_\varepsilon = \varepsilon ^2\alpha (t)u_\varepsilon + \varepsilon ^2\beta (t)u_\varepsilon ^{\prime} \quad {\rm in}\;(-L,L).{\rm }$$Using a limiting energy function, we describe the behaviour of the solutions as the parameter ε approaches zero. We also prove the existence of a family of solutions having a prescribed asymptotic profile and exhibiting a highly rotatory behaviour alternated with a highly oscillatory behaviour in some open subsets of the domain. The proof relies on a combination of the Nehari finite dimensional reduction with the topological degree theory.
On higher differentiability of solutions of parabolic systems with discontinuous coefficients and (p,q)-growth
Authors: Giannetti Flavia , Passarelli di Napoli Antonia , Scheven Christoph 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe consider weak solutions$u:\Omega _T\to {\open R}^N$to parabolic systems of the type$$u_t-{\rm div}\;a(x,t,Du) = 0\quad {\rm in}\;\Omega _T = \Omega \times (0,T),$$where the functiona(x,t,ξ) satisfies (p,q)-growth conditions. We give an a priori estimate for weak solutions in the case of possibly discontinuous coefficients. More precisely, the partial maps$x\mapsto a(x,t,\xi )$under consideration may not be continuous, but may only possess a Sobolev-type regularity. In a certain sense, our assumption means that the weak derivatives$D_xa(\cdot ,\cdot ,\xi )$are contained in the class$L^\alpha (0,T;L^\beta (\Omega ))$, where the integrability exponents$\alpha ,\beta $are coupled by$$\displaystyle{{p(n + 2)-2n} \over {2\alpha }} + \displaystyle{n \over \beta } = 1-\kappa $$for someκ∈ (0,1). For the gap between the two growth exponents we assume$$2 \les p < q \les p + \displaystyle{{2\kappa } \over {n + 2}}.$$Under further assumptions on the integrability of the spatial gradient, we prove a result on higher differentiability in space as well as the existence of a weak time derivative$u_t\in L^{p/(q-1)}_{{\rm loc}}(\Omega _T)$. We use the corresponding a priori estimate to deduce the existence of solutions of Cauchy–Dirichlet problems with the mentioned higher differentiability property.
Spectral transitions for Aharonov-Bohm Laplacians on conical layers
Authors: Krejčiřík D. , Lotoreichik V. , Ourmières-Bonafos T. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe consider the Laplace operator in a tubular neighbourhood of a conical surface of revolution, subject to an Aharonov-Bohm magnetic field supported on the axis of symmetry and Dirichlet boundary conditions on the boundary of the domain. We show that there exists a critical total magnetic flux depending on the aperture of the conical surface for which the system undergoes an abrupt spectral transition from infinitely many eigenvalues below the essential spectrum to an empty discrete spectrum. For the critical flux, we establish a Hardy-type inequality. In the regime with an infinite discrete spectrum, we obtain sharp spectral asymptotics with a refined estimate of the remainder and investigate the dependence of the eigenvalues on the aperture of the surface and the flux of the magnetic field.
Characterization of fundamental networks
Authors: Aguiar Manuela A. D. , Dias Ana P. S. , Soares Pedro 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn the framework of coupled cell systems, a coupled cell network describes graphically the dynamical dependencies between individual dynamical systems, the cells. The fundamental network of a network reveals the hidden symmetries of that network. Subspaces defined by equalities of coordinates which are flow-invariant for any coupled cell system consistent with a network structure are called the network synchrony subspaces. Moreover, for every synchrony subspace, each network admissible system restricted to that subspace is a dynamical system consistent with a smaller network called a quotient network. We characterize networks such that: the network is a subnetwork of its fundamental network, and the network is a fundamental network. Moreover, we prove that the fundamental network construction preserves the quotient relation and it transforms the subnetwork relation into the quotient relation. The size of cycles in a network and the distance of a cell to a cycle are two important properties concerning the description of the network architecture. In this paper, we relate these two architectural properties in a network and its fundamental network.
Nodal solutions for the fractional Yamabe problem on Heisenberg groups
Authors: Kristály Alexandru 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe prove that the fractional Yamabe equation ${\rm {\cal L}}_\gamma u = \vert u \vert ^{((4\gamma )/(Q-2\gamma ))}u$ on the Heisenberg group ℍn has [n + 1/2] sequences of nodal (sign-changing) weak solutions whose elements have mutually different nodal properties, where ${\rm {\cal L}}_\gamma $ denotes the CR fractional sub-Laplacian operator on ℍn, Q = 2n + 2 is the homogeneous dimension of ℍn, and $\gamma \in \bigcup\nolimits_{k = 1}^n [k,((kQ)/Q-1)))$. Our argument is variational, based on a Ding-type conformal pulling-back transformation of the original problem into a problem on the CR sphere S2n + 1 combined with a suitable Hebey-Vaugon-type compactness result and group-theoretical constructions for special subgroups of the unitary group U(n + 1).
Asymptotically self-similar behaviour of global solutions for semilinear heat equations with algebraically decaying initial data
Authors: Naito Yūki 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe consider the Cauchy problem$$\left\{ {\matrix{ {u_t = \Delta u + u^p,\quad } \hfill & {x\in {\bf R}^N,\;t \leq 0,} \hfill \cr {u(x,0) = u_0(x),\quad } \hfill & {x\in {\bf R}^N,} \hfill \cr } } \right.$$whereN> 2,p> 1, andu0is a bounded continuous non-negative function inRN. We study the case whereu0(x) decays at the rate |x|−2/(p−1)as |x| → ∞, and investigate the convergence property of the global solutions to the forward self-similar solutions. We first give the precise description of the relationship between the spatial decay of initial data and the large time behaviour of solutions, and then we show the existence of solutions with a time decay rate slower than the one of self-similar solutions. We also show the existence of solutions that behave in a complicated manner.
Hunter-gatherers subsistence and impact on fauna in the Islands of Four Mountains, Eastern Aleutians, Alaska, over 3000 yr
Authors: Krylovich Olga A. , Vasyukov Dmitry D. , Khasanov Bulat F. , Hatfield Virginia , West Dixie , Savinetsky Arkady A. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis first zooarchaeological analysis for the Islands of Four Mountains (IFM), Aleutian Islands, Alaska, provides data about local hunter-gatherer resource exploitation over three thousand yr. The majority of zooarchaeological material represents faunal resources that were harvested within several kilometers of villages. Our analysis shows that IFM subsistence system was shaped by the small size of these islands, which is mostly true for all of the Aleutian Islands. The archaeological middens indicate that Aleuts readily exploited new resources when they became available, expanding their dietary niche. Despite human harvesting, most faunal populations remained stable; however, Aleuts overexploited the storm-petrel colony on Carlisle Island.
Relationships between Cabernet Sauvignon phenology and climate in two Spanish viticultural regions: observations and predicted future changes
Authors: Ramos M. C. , Jones G. V. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe aim of the current research is to analyse potential changes in the phenology of Cabernet Sauvignon under future climate change scenarios. The study compares results from two areas with different climatic conditions in Spain: Ribera del Duero and Penedès. Phenology data for budbreak (BB), bloom (BL), veraison (V) and maturity (M) were analysed for the period 2004–2015 in Ribera del Duero and for 1996–2012 in Penedès. Thermal requirements to initiate the growing cycle and to reach each phenological event were evaluated. Simulated data of changes in climate from eight models provided by Agencia Estatal de Meteorología (AEMET) of Spain, and for two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) (greenhouse gas concentration trajectories) – RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 by 2030, 2050 and 2070 were used. Differences of approximately 6 days for BL and about 12 days, on average, for V existed between the two areas. Based on the predicted changes of temperature and the accumulated degree days needed to reach each stage, future changes in phenology were modelled. The results indicate potentially greater changes in the warmer region (Penedès), particularly for the later growth stages, which is in agreement with greater temperature increases in Penedès. The advance of BB, BL, V and M by 2070 could be up to 5, 11, 17 and 24 days, respectively, under the RCP4.5 emission trajectory, and up to 50% higher in some stages under the RCP8.5 emission trajectory.
Translating a rodent measure of negative bias into humans: the impact of induced anxiety and unmedicated mood and anxiety disorders
Authors: Aylward Jessica , Hales Claire , Robinson Emma , Robinson Oliver J. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundMood and anxiety disorders are ubiquitous but current treatment options are ineffective for many sufferers. Moreover, a number of promising pre-clinical interventions have failed to translate into clinical efficacy in humans. Improved treatments are unlikely without better animal–human translational pipelines. Here, we translate a rodent measure of negative affective bias into humans, exploring its relationship with (1) pathological mood and anxiety symptoms and (2) transient induced anxiety.MethodsAdult participants (age = 29 ± 11) who met criteria for mood or anxiety disorder symptomatology according to a face-to-face neuropsychiatric interview were included in the symptomatic group. Study 1 includedN= 77 (47 = asymptomatic [female = 21]; 30 = symptomatic [female = 25]), study 2 includedN= 47 asymptomatic participants (25 = female). Outcome measures were choice ratios, reaction times and parameters recovered from a computational model of reaction time – the drift diffusion model (DDM) – from a two-alternative-forced-choice task in which ambiguous and unambiguous auditory stimuli were paired with high and low rewards.ResultsBoth groups showed over 93% accuracy on unambiguous tones indicating intact discrimination, but symptomatic individuals demonstrated increased negative affective bias on ambiguous tones [proportion high reward = 0.42 (s.d.= 0.14)] relative to asymptomatic individuals [0.53 (s.d.= 0.17)] as well as a significantly reduced DDM drift rate. No significant effects were observed for the within-subjects anxiety-induction.ConclusionsHumans with pathological anxiety symptoms directly mimic rodents undergoing anxiogenic manipulation. The lack of sensitivity to transient anxiety suggests the paradigm might be more sensitive to clinically relevant symptoms. Our results establish a direct translational pipeline (and candidate therapeutics screen) from negative affective bias in rodents to pathological mood and anxiety symptoms in humans.
Staminodes influence pollen removal and deposition rates in nectar-rewarding self-incompatible Phanera yunnanensis (Caesalpinioideae)
Authors: Wang Menglin , Huang Shuyin , Li Manru , McKey Doyle , Zhang Ling 
Published: January 2019

AbstractStaminodes are sterile stamens that produce no pollen, exhibit diverse structures and perform various functions. Flowers of Phanera yunnanensis possess three fertile stamens with large anthers and long filaments, and seven staminodes with tiny anthers and short filaments. To investigate the adaptive significance of staminodes in this species, we studied effects of staminode removal on pollen removal and deposition, flower visitation rate and fruit set in Xishuangbanna, south-western China. Four species of nectar-foraging pollinators visited flowers, mostly Amegilla zonata and Apis cerana (2.80 ± 0.15 and 1.76 ± 0.41 visits h−1 per flower, respectively). Staminode removal did not affect fruit set, but increased visitation by A. cerana by 2.6-fold, reduced visitation by A. zonata by 68% and increased the pollen removal rate for both pollinators (all effects were significant). Staminode removal significantly reduced pollen deposition rate for A. zonata, but not for A. cerana. These results suggest that the staminodes of P. yunnanensis filter which insects act as pollinators and affect pollen removal and deposition rates. By reducing pollen removal rates, staminodes may implement a pollen-dispensing schedule that spreads pollen dispersal from individual flowers over multiple pollinators. By altering pollen deposition rates, staminodes may influence reproductive fitness in other ways.
COMPUTATIONAL METHOD FOR PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION ON RECURSIVE RELATIONSHIPS IN FINANCIAL APPLICATIONS
Authors: Park Jong Jun , Lee Kyungsub 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn quantitative finance, it is often necessary to analyze the distribution of the sum of specific functions of observed values at discrete points of an underlying process. Examples include the probability density function, the hedging error, the Asian option, and statistical hypothesis testing. We propose a method to calculate such a distribution, utilizing a recursive method, and examine it using various examples. The results of the numerical experiment show that our proposed method has high accuracy.
Parasitic fauna of Polish konik horses (Equus caballus gmelini Antonius) and their impact on breeding: a review
Authors: Slivinska K. , Karbowiak G. , Gawor J. , Wróblewski Z. , Jaworski Z. , Jastrzębska E. , Demeshkant V. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe influence of internal and external parasites on the health of Polish konik horses housed in different types of management strategies in Poland is discussed. This study includes consolidated data of different authors from the past 50 years, supplemented by results of more recent research. A total of 38 species of helminths (i.e., 37 Nematoda and one Cestoda) and five Diptera species were recorded from the horses. Protozoan parasites, Cryptosporidium spp. and Theileria equi, and the Rickettsiales, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, were observed for the first time in Poland.
Effects of selenium source and level in diet on glutathione peroxidase activity, tissue selenium distribution, and growth performance in poultry
Authors: Marković Radmila , Ćirić Jelena , Starčević Marija , Šefer Dragan , Baltić Milan Ž. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractToday, a few differing sources of selenium (Se), i.e. inorganic, organic, and nano forms of Se, are used as feed supplements for poultry. Published research indicates that nano-Se and organic Se possess comparable efficiency to inorganic Se in increasing GSH-Px activity of plasma and various tissues, but they deposit at higher rates in various tissues. However, there are principal differences in absorption mechanisms, metabolism, and efficiency of these three forms of Se. The aim of this review was to analyze the available literature on the effects of different Se sources and levels in the diet on glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, tissue Se distribution and growth performance in poultry. Higher levels of Se increase GSH-Px activity in the body, but this reaches a plateau even if Se concentrations in diet increase further, while the deposition of Se in tissues increases as Se content in diet increases. In addition, many studies have shown the positive effects of adding Se to diet on growth performance in poultry. Optimal Se supplementation is necessary not only for good poultry health but also to ensure and preserve meat quality during storage and to provide human beings with this microelement.
Bovine-like coronaviruses in domestic and wild ruminants
Authors: Amer Haitham Mohamed 
Published: January 2019

AbstractCoronaviruses (CoVs) produce a wide spectrum of disease syndromes in different mammalian and avian host species. These viruses are well-recognized for their ability to change tissue tropism, to hurdle the interspecies barriers and to adapt ecological variations. It is predicted that the inherent genetic diversity of CoVs caused by accumulation of point mutations and high frequency of homologous recombination is the principal determinant of these competences. Several CoVs (e.g. Severe acute respiratory syndrome-CoV, Middle East respiratory syndrome-CoV) have been recorded to cross the interspecies barrier, inducing different disease conditions in variable animal hosts. Bovine CoV (BCoV) is a primary cause of gastroenteritis and respiratory disease in cattle calves, winter dysentery in lactating cows and shipping fever pneumonia in feedlot cattle. Although it has long been known as a restrictive cattle pathogen, CoVs that are closely related to BCoV have been recognized in dogs, humans and in other ruminant species. Biologic, antigenic and genetic analyses of the so-called ‘bovine-like CoVs’ proposed classification of these viruses as host-range variants rather than distinct virus species. In this review, the different bovine-like CoVs that have been identified in domesticated ruminants (water buffalo, sheep, goat, dromedary camel, llama and alpaca) and wild ruminants (deer, wild cattle, antelopes, giraffes and wild goats) are discussed in terms of epidemiology, transmission and virus characteristics. The presented data denote the importance of these viruses in the persistence of BCoV in nature, spread to new geographical zones, and continuous emergence of disease epidemics in cattle farms.