bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of If-Then Plans on Weight Loss: Results of the 24-Month Follow-up of the McGill CHIP Healthy Weight Program Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Knauper Barbel , Shireen Huma , Carriere Kimberly , Frayn Mallory , Ivanova Elena , Xu Zhen , Lowensteyn Ilka , Sadikaj Gentiana , Luszczynska Aleksandra , Grover Steven , Investigators McGill CHIP Healthy Weight Program 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: The NIH-developed Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) is successful in achieving clinically significant weight loss in individuals with overweight/obesity when delivered one-on-one. However, due to high cost of implementation, the long-term effectiveness remains limited. In response, a group-based version of the program, called the National DPP, was developed. The average weight loss following participation in this program was only about 3.5% with low long-term weight loss maintenance. Purpose: We aimed to optimize weight loss outcomes of the National DPP by integrating the habit formation tool of if-then plans into the program. Results at 3 and 12 months of participation showed no between-group differences between standard and enhanced DPP but higher weight loss in both groups compared to the National DPP. This paper reports the long-term weight loss maintenance data following participation in the program. Methods: Of the 172 participants enrolled at the beginning of the study, data from 110 participants was available and analyzed at 24 months, i.e. 12 months following the end of the 12-month intervention. Results: No between-group difference in weight loss maintenance was seen. Pooled results showed a significant weight regain from 12 to 24 months, i.e. an average of 7.85lbs of the 20.36lbs lost. However, participants from both groups were still 12lbs or 6.13% lighter at 24 months than at baseline. Conclusion: If-then plans did not result in a higher percentage of weight loss at 24-month follow-up. However, at 24 months, both groups maintained a significant portion of the weight lost at the end of intervention.
The Effects of Two Exercise Modalities on Novel Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Overweight Women with Type 2 Diabetes: a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Banitalebi Ebrahim , Faramarzi Mohammad , Ghahfarrokhi Majid Mardaniyan , Nasiri Samira 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: The present study aims at investigating the effects of different exercise modalities (sprint interval training (SIT) and aerobic plus resistance training (A+R)) on novel cardiovascular risk factors (lipid accumulation product (LAP), Framingham risk score (FRS), the metabolic syndrome severity scores (Mets score), visceral adipose index (VAI), body adipose index (BAI), triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index), triglyceride glucose-waist circumference (TyG-WC), triglyceride glucose-waist circumference (TyG-BMI), HOMA β-cell, atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), and estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR)) in overweight women with type 2 diabetes.Methods: Fifty-two overweight females with type 2 diabetes (T2D) (aged 45-60 years, BMI > 30, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) ≥ 6.5%) were assigned to either SIT (n = 17), A+R training (n = 17), or control groups (n = 18). Intervention consisted of SIT or A+R training for 10 weeks.Results: There were no significant changes in Mets in the SIT group after 10 weeks (p = 0.187). In addition, there were significant changes (improvements) in LAP (p < 0.001) and VAI (p = 0.002), FRS (p = 0.001), TyG index (p = 0.005), TyG-BMI (p = 0.012), TyG-WC (p < 0.001), AIP (p < 0.001), and eGDR (p = 0.001) in A+R training group after 10 weeks, as compared to the baseline.Conclusions: The results illustrated that exercise training modality independent of the mode of exercise training could be an effective intervention to improve some novel cardiovascular risk factors in women with type 2 diabetes.
Effect of low dose naloxone on the immune system function of a patient undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic resection of lung cancer with sufentanil controlled analgesia — a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yun Lin , Zhuang Miao , Yue Wu , Fangfang Ge , Qingping Wen 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Perioperative immune function plays an important role in the prognosis of patients. Several studies have indicated that low-dose opioid receptor blockers can improve immune function. Methods: Seventy patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic resection of the lung cancer were randomly assigned to either the naloxone group (n=35) or the non-naloxone group (n=35) for postoperative analgesia during the first 48 hours after the operation. Both groups received sufentanil and palonosetron via postoperative analgesia pump, while 0.05μg·kg -1 ·h -1 naloxone was added in naloxone group. The primary outcomes were the level of opioid growth factor （OGF） and immune function assessed by natural killer cells and CD4 + /CD8 + . Second outcomes were assessed by the score of postoperative pain, postoperative rescue analgesia dose, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Results: The level of OGF in the naloxone group was significantly increased at 24 hours ( p ＜0.001) and 48 hours after the operation ( P <0.01). The natural killer cells ( P <0.05) and CD4+/CD8+ ( P <0.01) in the naloxone group increased significantly at 48 hours after the operation. The rest VAS score was better with naloxone at 12 and 24 hours after operation（ P <0.05）, and the coughing VAS score was better with naloxone at 48 hours after the operation（ P <0.05). The consumption of postoperative rescue analgesics in the naloxone group was lower (0.00（0.00-0.00）vs 25.00（0.00-62.50））， P <0.05). Postoperative nausea score at 24 hours after operation decreased in naloxone group（0.00 (0.00-0.00) vs 1.00 (0.00-1.00), P < 0.01). Conclusion: Infusion of 0.05μg·kg -1 ·h -1 naloxone for patients undergoing sufentanil-controlled analgesia for postoperative pain can significantly increase the level of OGF, natural killer cells, and CD4 + /CD8+ ，And also reduce the postoperative pain intensity, request for rescue analgesics, and opioid-related side effects. Trial registration: ChiCTR1900021043 on January 26, 2019.
Randomized Controlled Trial of a Novel, Digital, Chest Drainage System in Cardiac Surgery Patients
Authors: Barozzi Luca , Biagio Livio San , Meneguzzi Matteo , Courvoisier Delphine S. , Walpoth Beat , Faggian Giuseppe 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: A new, self-contained, digital, continuous pump-driven chest drainage system is compared for the first time in a Randomized Control Trial to a traditional wall-suction system in cardiac surgery.Methods: 120 adult elective cardiac patients undergoing CABG and/or valve surgery were randomized to the study or control group. Both groups had similar pre/intra-operative demographics: age 67.8 vs. 67.0 years, Euroscore 2.3 vs. 2.2 and BSA 1.92 vs. 1.91 m2. Additionally, a satisfaction assessment score was performed by 52 staff members.Results: Given homogenous intra-operative variables, total chest-tube drainage was comparable among groups (566 vs. 640 ml; ns), but the study group showed more efficient fluid collection during the early post-operative phase (p = 0.006 and p = 0.01) due to continuous suction compared to 11.5 minutes off-suction time in the control group. Blood, cell saver transfusions and post-operative hemoglobin values were similar in both groups. The study group experienced drain removal after 29.8 vs 38.4 hours in the control group (ns). Seven crossovers from the Study to the Control group were registered but no patient had drain-related complications.Conclusion: The new, self-contained, digital, continuous pump-driven drainage system showed better early drainage of the chest cavity and was as reliable as conventional systems. Quicker drain removal might impact on ICU stay and reduce costs. Additional advantages are portable size, battery operation, patient mobility, noiseless function, digital indications and alarms. The satisfaction assessment of the new system by the staff revealed a higher score when compared to the traditional wall suction chest drainage system. This Randomized Control Trial was retrospectively registered on June 7, 2019 under ISRCTN 14884587. https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN14884587
Helicobacter pylori infection and chronic gastritis; use of the Updated Sydney System in histopathological evaluation of gastritis
Authors: Ubhayawardana Nushka , Weerasekera Manjula , Samarasinghe Kamani , Premalal Sameera , Weerasekera Deepaka , Gunasekera Chinthika , Fernando Neluka 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objective
Helicobacter pylori is a major cause for chronic gastritis and further it is associated with development of peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. Therefore, the objective of this study was to classify gastritis according to the updated Sydney system guidelines and find the association of H. pylori with each of graded variable. Number of 152 dyspeptic patients who underwent upper gastro-intestinal endoscopy at a Teaching Hospital were enrolled. Of the 2 biopsies collected one was used for PCR to detect H. pylori. The other biopsy was fixed in formalin followed by paraffin embedding and stained with H&E stain. Gastritis was classified microscopically according to the updated Sydney system.

Results : Gastritis was reported over a wide age group ranging from 18-84 years with a mean age of 51 years. Based on histological findings, 12% of patients were diagnosed as H. pylori associated chronic active gastritis. There was no significant association between each graded variable and H. pylori positivity. Of the 152 dyspeptic patients 34 were positive by PCR for H. pylori infection. All the dyspeptic patients with H. pylori infection had chronic active gastritis, suggesting an etiologic role of the bacterium in the histologic lesion.
Smokeless tobacco use: prevalence and relationships with dental symptoms, nutritional status and blood pressure among rural women in Burkina Faso
Authors: Diendéré Jeoffray , Zeba N. Augustin , Nikiéma Leon , Kaboré Ahmed , Sawadogo W. Paul , Tougouma Somnoma Jean Baptiste , Tinto Halidou , Ouédraogo Arouna 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Introduction: Sub-Saharan women use smokeless tobacco (SLT) more than smoked tobacco. Among Western Africa countries, the weighted prevalence estimated that SLT use in rural women was the highest in Burkina Faso (after Sierra Leone). This study aimed to assess the prevalence of SLT use and associated factors among rural women in Burkina Faso by using nationally representative data. Methods: We used variables from the 2013 Stepwise approach to Surveillance study, which provided sociodemographic characteristics, clinical (anthropometric, systolic blood pressure [SBP], diastolic blood pressure [DBP], dental symptoms), biological (total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and fasting blood sugar), tobacco and alcohol consumption data. Data for 1730 rural women were operated and we performed student’s, chi-square, and Fisher’s exact tests and logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of current SLT use was 13.8% (95% CI: 12.2-15.5). Significant risks for SLT use were presence of dental symptoms (adjusted odd-ratio [aOR] = 2.59; p = 0.0001), undernourishment (aOR = 1.78; p = 0.002), decrease in the unit of waist circumference (aOR = 0.98; p = 0 .023), decrease in unit of DBP (aOR = 0.97; p = 0.006), increase in the unit of SBP (aOR = 1.01; p = 0.017), or the increase in the unit of differential blood pressure (aOR = 1.01; p = 0.041). Co-use of alcohol was also a significant risk (aOR = 2.80; p = 0.0001). Conclusion: Prevalence of current SLT use was high among rural women in Burkina Faso, and significant concerns for users included alcohol co-use, occurrence of dental symptoms, undernourishment, and the increase in differential blood pressure. National Public Health interventions are needed to reduce SLT use and its health-related concerns.
The Effects of Dietary Nutrients and Physical Activity on Charlson Comorbidity Index Using Zero-Inflated Negative Binomial Regression Model: NHANES 2013–2014
Authors: Zhao Hantong , Wang Changcong , Pan Yingan , Guo Yinpei , Yao Nan , Wang Han , Jin Lina , Li Bo 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: In recent years, chronic medical conditions have gradually became the dominant cause of death and disability, which combined with the increasing life expectancy, leading to multimorbidity became an increasingly serious global public health challenge. However, most existing studies have focused on the coexistence of specific diseases or relatively few diseases. Given one person may have various diseases at the same time, we applied Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) to synthetically evaluate one's 10-year mortality. In this study, we explored the effects of nutrients and physical activity on one's 10-year mortality using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2014 data.Methods: The study sample consists of one continuous cycle (2013–2014) of NHANES, and 4386 eligible subjects were included in the study. We utilized zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) regression to investigate the effects in nutrients and physical activity on CCI by adjusting seven baseline covariates (age, gender, race, education, income, smoking and drinking). Results: In Part 1 of the model, taking an extra gram of niacin resulted in 1.621 times of CCI versus eating less (RR=1.621, p=0.016). Conversely, lutein and zeaxanthin have a negative correlation with CCI (RR=0.974, p=0.031). Besides, sedentary time was also concerned significantly with CCI (RR=1.035, p=0.005). Moreover, those who do not have vigorous work activity would be more likely to have higher CCI than those who have (RR=1.275, P=0.045). In Part 2 of the model, those who do not have vigorous recreational activity have 0.541 times of taking CCI scored zero versus those who have (OR=0.541, p=0.004), and those who do not have moderate recreational activity have 0.708 times of taking CCI equals zero versus those who have (OR=0.708, p=0.017).Conclusions: With the increasing intakes of niacin, participants were more likely to suffer from chronic diseases. However, lutein and zeaxanthin might have beneficial impact on individuals’ health and decrease mortality. In the respect of physical activity, the death rate among people who have higher sedentary time and do not have vigorous work activity will be more likely to increase. In addition, persons do not have vigorous or moderate physical activity have the risk of death compared with those who have.
First time mothers’ expectations and experiences of postnatal care in England: a longitudinal qualitative descriptive study
Authors: McLeish Jenny , Harvey Merryl , Redshaw Maggie , Henderson Jane , Malouf Reem , Alderdice Fiona 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Effective postnatal care can support a safe and confident transition to parenthood, but it is the aspect of maternity care with which women in England are least satisfied. Little is known about first time mothers’ expectations of postnatal care in hospitals, in birth centres and in the community, or how these expectations relate to their subsequent experiences and appraisal of care.Methods: A longitudinal qualitative descriptive study, based on semi-structured, in-depth interviews with first time mothers in England. Each mother took part in two interviews: the first in her third trimester of pregnancy, and the second when her baby was 2-3 months old. Interview transcripts were analysed using trajectory analysis to identify thematic patterns in the relationships between postnatal care expectations, needs, experiences and confidence. Individual cases were chosen to illustrate each trajectory and the variation within trajectories.Results: 32 women took part. Expectations of postnatal care did not shape their appraisal of care as actually experienced. Instead the main influence on satisfaction with care and self-described parental confidence was the extent to which their actual postnatal needs for support were met. Five trajectories were identified: (1) ‘Low needs, low support, confident’, (2) ‘High needs, high support, confident’, (3) ‘High needs, low support, not confident’, (4) ‘High needs, high support, additional risk factors, not confident’, (5) ‘High needs, low support, additional protective factors, confident’.Conclusions: Longitudinal qualitative research using trajectory analysis is a useful and feasible method of exploring expectations and subsequent experiences in the perinatal period. First time mothers’ satisfaction with postnatal care and their confidence as new mothers were primarily influenced not by the extent to which their expectations were met, but the varied extent to which their postnatal needs were met. Rapid and responsive assessment of needs both antenatally and postnatally, and appropriate adjustment of care, is key in supporting women effectively at this time. Providing tailored information on postnatal care, self-care and transition to parenthood during pregnancy may facilitate improvements in women’s experiences of care after birth in the hospital and community.
The growing use of the WHO Safe Childbirth Checklist: Lessons learned at the Yaounde Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital, Cameroon
Authors: DOHBIT Julius Sama , Woks Namanou Ines Emma , KOUDJINE Carlin Héméry , TAFEN Willy , FOUMANE Pascal , Assumpta Lucienne Bella , Ogu Rosemary Nkemdilim , III Fru Fobuzshi ANGWAFO 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Safe childbirth remains a daunting challenge, particularly in low-resource settings where most pregnancy-related deaths occur. Cameroon’s maternal mortality rate, estimated at 782 per 100,000 live births in 2011 is significantly high. Adherence to good practice standards by birth attendants is key to improving pregnancy outcomes. The WHO Safe Childbirth checklist was designed as a tool to improve the quality of care provided to women giving birth. This checklist was implemented at the Yaounde Gyneco-Obsteric and Pediatric Hospital. Quantitative and qualitative assessment of its utilization is essential to secure a change in attitudes and practice and determine improvement in maternal health. Objective: Evaluate a change in attitudes and practice and determine improvement in outcomes 6 months after initiation of the safe childbirth checklist use. Methods: A cross sectional and retrospective study was conducted over a 6 month period (January – June 2018). Predesigned questionnaires were used to collect qualitative data from personnel of the Gynecology and Obstetrics unit and quantitative data from patient delivery records. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 23.0. Chi square test was used to compare categorical variables, while the student test was used to compare continuous variables. P -values below 5% were considered statistically significant. Results: Of the 1001 files retrieved from the archives, 25 were excluded. The checklist was used in 828/976 (84.8%) files. We observed an increasing trend in the usage rate, with a peak at 93.9% during the last 2 months. Pages 2 and 3 were least completed, in <10% of cases during the first 5 months. A significant reduction in the onset of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia was noted with the use of the checklist (2·1% Vs 5·4%, p = 0·017). The proportion of neonatal deaths recorded amongst cases with a used checklist was smaller compared to cases without checklists (0·2% Vs 0·7%, p = 0·380). Fifty percent of the staff reported that the checklist increased workload while 37.5% mentioned laziness and absence of checklists in some files as a hindrance to its proper use. Conclusion: The use of the checklist improved progressively with a simultaneous reduction in obstetrical and neonatal complications.
miRNA and mRNA studies reveal pollination activates hormonal signaling and increases fruit set in the apomictic tree Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim
Authors: Fei Xitong , Ma Yao , Yang Tuxi , Wei Anzhi 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Apomixis is a form of reproduction that does not involve fertilization of female by male gametes but instead produces offspring from the female parent directly. The progeny of apomixis is genotypically identical to the female parent and so maintains any elite traits of the female parent. Apomixis has considerable potential in genetic plant breeding. However, the mechanism of apomictic reproduction remains unclear. Zanthoxylum bungeanum is an apomictic plant. Studies on miRNAs, mRNAs, hormone changes and fertilization process of the pollinated and non-pollinated materials of Zanthoxylum bungeanum allows screening of the important regulatory factors of the apomictic process at both physiological and molecular levels. This information should be of considerable help in understanding the mechanism of apomixis in this species.Results Our results show that Zanthoxylum bungeanum pollen can germinate on the stigma, and that the pollen tube can extend to the ovary wall after two days but that it then degenerates about the fifth day and before reaching the egg cell. So fertilization does not occur. Nevertheless, pollination did increase fruit set from 74.12% (unpollinated) to 89.31% (pollinated). The reproductive mode of the Zanthoxylum bungeanum cultivar ‘Hancheng Dahongpao’ was identified as obligate apomixis. Enrichment analysis of differential genes indicates that pollination activates genes involved in the synthesis of ABA, IAA, GA3 and JA, and that genes related to asexual development, genes involved in flower development, and transcription factors are also activated. RT-qPCR verification shows that the relative expression levels of mRNAs and miRNAs related to hormone signaling pathways and flower development were negatively correlated. Also, that miRNA is an important factor influencing hormone regulation after pollination of this apomictic species. The contents of ABA, IAA, GA3 and JA were all significantly increased following pollination.Conclusions In general, although pollination does not result in fertilization in this species, it does activate mRNAs and miRNAs which serve as signals to activate the anabolic pathways for ABA, IAA, GA3 and JA. Increased levels of these hormones result in increased fruit set.
Milk and dairy products consumption and the risk of oral or oropharyngeal cancer: A meta-analysis
Authors: Yuan Jian , Li Wen , Sun Wei , Deng Shuli 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Previous studies have been conducted to assess the association of milk and dairy products consumption and oral or oropharyngeal cancer risk, with inconsistent results. We therefore conducted a meta-analysis to explore the role of milk and dairy products consumption on oral or oropharyngeal cancer risk.Methods Databases of PubMed, Embase and Chinese Wanfang database were investigated until June 30th, 2019. The overall and subgroup associations were pooled with odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).Results This study involving 4635 cases and 50777 participants from 12 publications suggested that an inverse association was found between milk and dairy products consumption and oral or oropharyngeal cancer risk (OR= 0.74, 95%CI= 0.59-0.92; I2= 65.9%, Pfor heterogeneity = 0.001). Four studies reported milk consumption on oral cancer risk, but no significant association was found (OR= 0.91, 95%CI= 0.61-1.37). Six studies about milk consumption and oropharyngeal cancer risk found that there was a positive association between them (OR= 0.63, 95%CI= 0.44-0.90).Conclusion Findings from our meta-analysis indicated that milk and dairy products consumption may be associated with decreased risk of oral or oropharyngeal cancer.