bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TiO2 AND TiO<sub>2</sub>/ ACTIVE CARBON PHOTOCATALYSTS IMMOBILIZED ON TITANIUM PLATES
Authors: Andayani Winarti , Sumartono Agustin 
Published: January 2019

Study of TiO2 and TiO2 active carbon photocatalyst was done. Immobilization was carried out by sol-gel process using titanium diisopropokside bis-acetylacetonato as titanium precursor. The catalyst was characterized using XRD and SEM. The activity of catalyst was tested using 10 ppm of pentachlorophenol (PCP) as a model of organic waste. The test was done by irradiating PCP solution using UV lamp and varying the catalysts of TiO2, and TiO2/C of 8/2 and 5/5. About 5 mL of sample was taken out at interval time of 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 h iradiation followed by the measurement of PCP residue and chloride ions. From the characterization results it is known that calcined TiO2 andTiO2/C of 8/2 and 5/5 have anatase structure and active as a catalyst. The activity results using PCP as an organic waste showed that combination of TiO2 and active carbon would increase the activity of the catalyst, but at high percentage of active carbon the performance of the photocatalyst decreased. Keywords: catayist TiO2, catayist TiO2/active carbon, photocatalysis
PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLY-HYDROXYBUTYRATE (PHB) IN CUPRIAVIDUS NECATOR
Authors: De Rooy Sergio Leon , Wahyuni Endang Tri , Wiratni Wiratni , Syamsiah Siti , Ismail Jamil 
Published: January 2019

Purification and characterization of biodegradable plastic namely Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) in Cupriavidus necator have been carried out. C. necator was grown on a Ramsay medium with fixed substrate conditions and optimized for time. Stepwise purification of PHB was carried out, by using hydrogen peroxide and chloroform. The effect of temperature, time, and hydrogen peroxide concentration on the purification were also evaluated. The extracted PHB was studied with XRD, FTIR and 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR to determine its structure and purity. Yield and crystallinity were also studied with HPLC and XRD, respectively. The results of the research showed that higher concentrations of hydrogen peroxide gave better yields, whereas higher temperatures and longer lysis times led to different results. Higher crystallinity was observed when purification temperatures were elevated, but higher hydrogen peroxide concentration and longer extraction time gave varying crystallinity. The highest yield ca 66.10 % DCW was reached by purification using H2O2 20 %, at 100 oC for 2 h. The results of TGA analysis indicated that the purity of the PHB obtained was about 75 % and by using DSC, it was found that the PHB showed good thermal properties. Keywords: PHB, recovery, hydrogen peroxide, characterization
ELECTROCHEMICAL SYNTHEZIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYPYRROLE FOR DODECYLSULFATE SENSOR MEMBRANE
Authors: Watoni Abdul Haris , Gandasasmita Suryo , Noviandri Indra , Buchari Buchari 
Published: January 2019

A conducting polymer, polypyrrole, has been electrochemically synthesized from pyrrole monomer using cyclic voltammetry technique in aqueous solution in the presence of HDS dopant and KNO3 supporting electrolyte. The polymer was deposited on the surface of an Au-wire and the modified electrode obtained was then used as dodecylsulfate (DS-) ion sensor electrode. The best performance PPy-DS modified-Au electrode conditioned in the air system without HDS or SDS solution gave linear potential response for the concentration range of 1.0 x 10-5 - 1.0 x 10-3 M, sensitivity of 54.5 mV/decade, detection limit of 1.0 x 10-5 M, and response time of 23 - 30 second. The electrode showed good selectivity towards other anions, therefore can be used to determine SDS concentration in real samples system without any change of the samples matrix. Keywords: polypyrrole, SDS, cyclic voltammetry
INVESTIGATION OF MOLECULAR INTERACTION BETWEEN PHENYLACETYLENE AND HEXAMETHYLPHOSPHORIC TRIAMIDE BY <sup>13</sup>C NMR T<sub>1</sub> RELAXATION TIME STUDIES AND AB INITIO QM CALCULATIONS
Authors: Siahaan Parsaoran , Radiman Cynthia L. , Rahayu Susanto Imam , Martoprawiro Muhamad A. , Ziessow Dieter 
Published: January 2019

Intermolecular interactions and molecular translational and rotational mobility are key factors in molecular material sciences, e.g. liquid crystals. One of the important substructures is given by phenylacetylene, Ph-CºCH. Its rotational behavior in its pure form and in high dilution in hexamethylphosphoric triamide OP[N(CH3)2]3 (HMPA) has been studied by means 13C NMR T1 relaxation times at ambient temperature as measured by the inversion recovery method. HMPA is an exceptional solvent in that is has a quite large dipole moment but comparatively low relative dielectricity constant. From the molecular shape Ph-CºCH is expected to exhibit anisotropic rotational diffusion which in fact can be deduced from the measured set of T1 values of the ortho, meta and para carbon nuclei in the neat liquid as well as in the HMPA solution. This expected result rules the dominance of a linearly molecules pair Ph-CºCH...HMPA along their dipole moment axes as anticipated in view of the large HMPA dipole moment. In order to conform with the T1 data, a linear arrangement of Ph-CºCH via the interaction between its weakly acidic H-atom with negatively charge O-atom of HMPA molecules seems to lead to such an anisotropic rotational motion. This hypothesis is supported by ab initio QM calculations which come out with higher interaction energy for linear orientation than other geometries. These ab initio calculations were performed with the basis set of RHF/6-31G(d) for the single molecules of Ph-CºCH and HMPA as well as for their various geometries of the molecules pair. Molecular dynamics simulations need to be performed for further confirmation. Keywords: Relaxation Times, HMPA, pheylacetylene, ab initio, intermolecular interaction, rotational diffusion
A XANTHONE FROM THE STEM BARK OF MANGGIS HUTAN (Garcinia bancana)
Authors: Muharni Muharni , Dachriyanus Dachriyanus , Bahti Husein H. , Supriyatna Supriyatna 
Published: January 2019

A xanthone, 1,5-dihidroxy-3,6-dimethoxy-2,7-bis-(3-methylbutenyl)xanthone had been isolated from the stem bark of Garcinia bancana Miq. The structure of this compound was elucidated by analysis of spectroscopic data, especially using 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data. Keywords : Xanthone, 1,5-dihidroxy-3,6-dimethoxy-2,7-bis-(3-methylbutenyl)xanthone, G. bancana
TWO ALKYLATED FLAVONOID ISOLATED FROM THE STEM OF THE FERN Chingia sakayensis (Zeiller) Holtt
Authors: Suyatno Suyatno , Syarief Sri Hidayati , Hidajati Nurul , Shimizu Kuniyoshi 
Published: January 2019

Two known alkylated flavonoid namely matteucinol dan matteucinol-7-O-b-D-glucoside was isolated for the first time from the fern Chingia sakayensis (Zeiller) Holtt's stem. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic evidence and by comparation with those reported data in literature. Keywords: Fern, Chingia sakayensis, stem, alkylated flavonoid, matteucinol, matteucinol-7-O-b-D-glucoside
ORTHO-CHLOROANILINE DEGRADATION UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF OZONE IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION
Authors: Winarno Ermin Katrin 
Published: January 2019

The degradation study on 2-chloroaniline (2-ClA) used as a model of water pollutant by ozonation was performed. The change of spectrum and substrate concentration of treated solutions were measured by spectrophotometer as well as by HPLC method. The change of solutions pH after ozonization was observed. The yields of the products formed (chloride ions, ammonium ions, and formaldehyde) were investigated as a function of ozonation time. The results showed that the ozonation gave to an efficient degradation of 2-ClA. Keywords: degradation, ortho-chloroaniline, ozone
RELATION BETWEEN PORE MODEL AND CENTER-LINE TEMPERATURE IN HIGH BURN-UP UO<sub>2</sub> PELLET
Authors: Suwardi Suwardi 
Published: January 2019

Relation between pore model and center-line temperature of high burn up UO2 Pellet. Temperature distribution has been evaluated by using different model of pore distribution. Typical data of power distribution and coolant data have been chosen in this study. Different core model and core distribution model have been studied for related temperature, in correlation with high burn up thermal properties. Finite element combined finite different adapted from Saturn-1 has been used for calculating the temperature distribution. The center-line temperature for different pore model and related discussion is presented. Keywords: pore model, high burn up, UO2 pellet, centerline temperature.
THE DISTRIBUTION OF COMMERCIAL CROWN ETHER DC18C6 AND THE EXTRACTION STUDY OF ALKALI AND EARTH ALKALI METALS
Authors: Rusdiarso Bambang 
Published: January 2019

Distribution of A and B isomers of crown-ether DC18C6 on their organic and water phases (chloride, nitrate and sulphocyanide salts) and extraction of alkali and earth alkali metals has been studied. In LiCl 0.1 M environment, lithium extraction could be ignored. The presence of extracted potassium metal may affect the crown ether DC18C6 distribution albeit only a little. In KNO3 0.1 M environment, the distribution coefficient values (d) were 6.1 and 10.3 for A and B isomers, respectively ; while in KCl 0.1 M environment the values were 4.9 and 11.8, respectively. In KSCN 0.1 M, d values for A and B isomers were 40.4 and 36.6, respectively, which were higher than the value obtained from both KNO3 and KCl 0.1 M environments. Caesium metal extraction using DC18C6 occurred weakly, up to only 5%. Strontium extraction using DC18C6 achieved better yield than the caesium extraction. The percentage of extraction increased under organic solvent according to the following: toluene (4%) < chloroform (28%) < TBP (35%). Keywords: distribution, crown-ether DC18C6, extraction.
THE EFFECT OF CONCENTRATION OF CARRIER, pH AND TIME OF EXTRACTION ON SEPARATION'S FACTOR OF PENICILLIN G - PHENYL ACETATE BY REACTIVE EXTRACTION
Authors: Santoso Imam , Buchari Buchari , Amran M. Bachri , Sulaeman Aminudin 
Published: January 2019

The aim of this research is to study the effect of concentration carrier, pH and time of extraction on separation's factor of penicillin g - phenyl acetate by reactive extraction technique. The 10 mL aqueous solution with variation of pH : 5, 6 contains 0.001 M penicillin G and 0.001 M phenyl acetate has been extracted with 10 mL n-butyl acetate contains dioctylamine as carrier. Variation concentration of carrier were 0.000; 0.002; 0.004; 0.006 and 0.008 M. Variation time of extraction were 1, 5, 10, 15 and 20 min. The penicillin G and phenyl acetate that dissolved in organic phase ha been reextracted with 10 mL aqueous with variation of pH : 7, 8. The optimum condition obtained as follow : concentration dioctylamine was 0.002M ; pH the first phase water was 5 and the second phase water was 8 ; and the time of extraction was 10 min. Keywords: Separation factor, Reactive extraction
1D AND 2D NMR STUDIES OF 2–(2–(BENZYLOXY)–3–METHOXYPHENYL)–1H–BENZIMIDAZOLE
Authors: Al–Douh Mohammed Hadi , Hamid Shafida Abd , Osman Hasnah 
Published: January 2019

The reaction of Benzyl o-vanillin 1 and o-phenylene diamine 2 in dichloromethane produced new benzimidazole, 3. The complete assignments of 3 were made using 1D and 2D NMR including COSY, HMQC and HMBC NMR in CDCl3 and acetone-d6. The coupling constants J are reported in Hertz, and the differences in the peak splittings using both solvents are discussed. Keywords: 1H NMR; 13C NMR; 2D NMR; Benzimidazole
PRELIMINARY STUDIES FOR PRODUCING CRUDE LIPASE FROM TEMPE’S MOULD CULTIVATED IN RICE-HUSK-BASED SOLID MEDIA
Authors: Bardant Teuku Beuna , Sembiring Kiky Corneliasari , Setiawan Achmad Hanafi 
Published: January 2019

The goal of these preliminary studies is to support Indonesian program for increasing palm oil added value through independent production technology based on Indonesian natural resources. Various palm oil derivatives could be synthesized enzymatically using lipase from microbes that available in Indonesia. Tempe's mould is available in abundance in Indonesia and had already been proved for producing lipase. This paper provides information about producing crude lipase from Tempe's mould cultivated in rice-husk-based solid media using palm oil as carbon source. Observed variables include solid media composition, optimum fermentation time, extraction and enriching process of crude lipase. The crude lipase was analyzed its hydrolysis activity on coconut oil and palm oil. The result of these preliminary studies shows that this production process is a simple and tough process and very potential to be developed. Keywords: lipase, Tempe's mould, palm oil, solid fermentation, rice husk
PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF PENTACHLOROPHENOL (PCP) USING IMOBILIZED TiO<sub>2</sub>
Authors: Andayani Winarti , Sumartono Agustin 
Published: January 2019

Imobilization of titanium plate using titanium diisopropoxide as a precursor, that will be used as a catalyst for degradation of pentachlorophenol (PCP) has been done. In this study 10 ppm of pentachlorophenol (PCP) solution at pH 5 was used as a model of organic polutant. Irradiation was done with and without TiO2 as a catalyst. Sampling was done at interval time of 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, 120, 135, 150, 165, 180, 195, 210, 225 and 240 minutes. Parameter examined after irradiation were the changes of spectrum and pH, the formation of chloride ions and intermediate compounds. The decreased of pH and PCP concentration and the formation of chloride ions and intermediate compounds showed that PCP has already degraded. Keywords: PCP, TiO2, photocatalytic.
QUANTITAVE STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIP ANALYSIS (QSAR) OF ANTIMALARIAL 1,10-PHENANTHROLINE DERIVATIVES COMPOUNDS
Authors: Hadanu Ruslin , Mastjeh Sabirin , Mustofa Mustofa , Sholikhah Eti Nurwening , Wijayanti Mahardika Agus , Tahir Iqmal 
Published: January 2019

Quantitative Electronic Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) analysis of a series of 1,10-phenanthroline derivatives as antiplasmodial compounds have been conducted using atomic net charges (q), dipole moment (μ) ELUMO, EHOMO, polarizability (α) and log P as the descriptors. The descriptors were obtained from computational chemistry method using semi-empirical PM3. Antiplasmodial activities were taken as the activity of the drugs against chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum FCR3 strain and are presented as the value of ln (1/IC50) where IC50 is an effective concentration inhibiting 50% of the parasite growth. The best model of QSAR model was determine by multiple linear regression method and giving equation of QSAR: ln 1/IC50 = 3.732 + (5.098) qC5 + (7.051) qC7 + (36.696) qC9 + (41.467) qC11 -(135.497) qC12 + (0.332) μ - (0.170) α + (0.757) log P. The equation was significant on the 95% level with statistical parameters: n=16; r=0.987; r2= 0.975; SE=0.317; Fcalc/Ftable = 15.337 and gave the PRESS=0.707. Its means that there were only a relatively few deviations between the experimental and theoretical data of antimalarial activity. Keywords: QSAR, antimalarial, semi-empirical method, 1,10-phenanthroline.
IDENTIFICATION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY TEST OF SOME COMPOUNDS FROM METHANOL EXTRACT PEEL OF BANANA (Musa paradisiaca Linn.)
Authors: Atun Sri , Arianingrum Retno , Handayani Sri , Rudyansah Rudyansah , Garson Mary 
Published: January 2019

The objective of these research was measured activity as antioxidant some compounds in methanol extracts of peel of banana (Musa paradisiaca Linn.), isolated some compounds which had activities as antioxidant, and determined this structure. Method of this study was extracted powdered peel of banana with methanol at room temperature. Extract was concentrated in vaccuo and then successively was partitioned with n-hexane, chloroform, etyl acetate, and buthanol. Antioxidant test from each fractions was measured by hydroxyl radical scavenger test with Fenton reaction method. The result of this study showed activity each fractions as hydroxyl radical scavenger activity of chloroform, etyl acetate, and buthanol fraction were IC50 693.15; 2347.40; and 1071.14 mg/mL respectively. The isolation of secondary metabolite compounds from chloroform fraction obtained two isolate compounds. Identification by spectroscopy IR, MS, 1H and 13C NMR one and two dimension showed that the compounds are 5,6,7,4'-tetrahidroxy-3,4-flavan-diol and a new compound cyclohexenon derivative (2-cyclohexene-1-on-2,4,4-trimethyl-3-O-2'-hydroxypropyl ether). Keywords: antioxidant, peel of banana, Musa paradisiaca, hydroxyl radical scavenger
PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF TiO<sub>2</sub>-ZEOLITE AND ITS APPLICATION TO DEGRADE TEXTILLE WASTEWATER BY PHOTOCATALYTIC METHOD
Authors: Utubira Yeslia , Wijaya Karna , Triyono Triyono , Sugiharto Eko 
Published: January 2019

The preparation of titanium oxide-zeolite composite (TiO2-zeolite) has been done. Preparation was initiated by dispersing oligocation of titanium solution into suspension of natural zeolite. The suspension was stirred and then filtered to separate the solid phase from the filtrate. The solid phase was heated by microwave oven to convert the oligocations into its oxide forms and the resulting material (called as TiO2-zeolite) then was used to photodegrade the wastewater of PT.Jogjatex The TiO2-zeolite and unmodified zeolite were characterized using X-ray diffractometry, FT-IR spectro-photometry, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and gas sorption analysis (GSA) methods to determine their physicochemical properties. Photocatalytic activity of TiO2-Zeolite was tested by exposing the suspension of TiO2-Zeolite/wastewater by the UV light of 366 nm at room temperature for 15 - 75 minutes. Characterization results exhibited that the formation of TiO2 on internal as well as external surfaces of Zeolite could not be detected with X-ray diffractometry as well as FT-IR spectrophotometry, however elemental analysis result with XRF indicated that titanium concentration in zeolite increased due to the inclusion, i.e from 0.26% (w/w) in zeolite to 2.80% (w/w) in TiO2-zeolite. Characterization result by GSA exhibited the increased of specific surface area from 19.57 m2/g in zeolite to 67.96 m2/g in TiO2-zeolite; total pore volume from 20.64 x 10-3 mL/g in zeolite to 49.561 x 10-3 mL/g in TiO2-Zeolite; pore radius average decreased from 21.10 Å in zeolite to 14.58 Å in TiO2-zeolite. Photocatalytic activity test of TiO2-zeolite on wastewater of PT. Jogjatex showed that UV radiation for 75 minutes on the mixture of TiO2-zeolite and wastewater resulted in the decreased of COD number up to 57.85%. Meanwhile the sorption study showed that zeolite and TiO2-zeolite could decrease COD number of wastewater up to 43.95% and 57.85%, respectively. Keywords: TiO2-zeolite, photocatalytic, wastewater
STUDY ON ADSORPTION OF Cd(II) BY CHITOSAN-ALUMINA
Authors: Darjito Darjito , Purwonugroho Danar , Nisa Siti Nasirotun 
Published: January 2019

One techniques to reduce the concentration of heavy metal Cd(II) in aqueous solution is adsorption by chitosan. To modify the surface textures and expose the active binding sites, composite biosorbent has been prepared by coating chitosan onto alumina. The aims of this research were to identify the functional group of chitosan-alumina, to characterize adsorption of Cd(II) by using chitosan-alumina adsorbent including optimum pH, optimum agitation time, and to determine the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent. The functional group of chitosan-alumina was identified by infrared spectrophotometer. Determination of the optimum condition was carried out at 40 ppm Cd(II), 125 rpm and 0,1 g adsorbent. Calculation of adsorpted Cd(II) based on its concentration in aqueous phase before and after adsorption process. The concentrations of Cd(II) in aqueous phase after adsorption process were determined by using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). Identified functional groups of chitosan-alumina were -OH (3466.39 cm-1), -NH amine (1625.15 cm-1), C=O (1703.30 cm-1), and Al-O (1302.07 cm-1). The optimum pH was reached at pH 7, optimum agitation time at 15 minutes, and adsorption capacity of chitosan-alumina was 15.35 ± 0.05 mg/g. Keywords: adsorption, chitosan-alumina, characterization of adsorption
DISPERSION AND SORPTION CHARACTERISTICS OF URANIUM IN THE ZEOLITE-QUARTZ MIXTURE AS BACKFILL MATERIAL IN THE RADIOACTIVE WASTE REPOSITORY
Authors: Poernomo Herry , Kundari Noor Anis 
Published: January 2019

The experiment of sorption and dispersion characteristics of uranium in the zeolite-quartz mixture as candidate of raw material of backfill material in the radioactive waste repository has been performed. The objective is to know the effect of zeolite and quartz grain size on the zeolite-to-quartz weight ratio that gives porosity (ε), permeability (K), and dispersivity (α) of uranium in the zeolite-quartz mixture as backfill material. The experiment was carried out by fixed bed method in the column filled by the zeolite-quartz mixture with zeolite-to-quartz weight percent ratio of 100/0, 80/20, 60/40, 40/60, 20/80, 0/100 wt. % in the water saturated condition flowed by uranyl nitrate solution of 500 ppm concentration (Co) as uranium simulation which was leached from immobilized radioactive waste in the repository. The concentration of uranium in the effluents represented as Ct were analyzed by spectrophotometer Corning Colorimeter 253 every 15 minutes, then using Co and Ct uranium dispersivity (α) in the backfill material was determined. The experiment data shown that 0.196 mm particle size of zeolite and 0.116 mm particle size of quartz on the zeolite-to-quartz weight ratio of 60/40 wt. % with ε = 0.678, K = 3.345x10-4 cm/second, and α = 0.759 cm can be proposed as candidate of raw material of backfill material in the radioactive waste repository. Keywords: backfill material, quartz, radioactive waste, zeolite
STUDY ON THE CONCENTRATION EFFECT OF Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>-ZAA CATALYST TOWARDS TOTAL CONVERSION OF BIODIESEL IN TRANSESTERIFICATION OF WASTED COOKING OIL
Authors: Padmaningsih Astuti Tri , Trisunaryanti Wega , Tahir Iqmal 
Published: January 2019

Study on the concentration effect of Nb2O5-ZAA catalyst towards total conversion of biodiesel has been conducted. The natural zeolite (ZA) was activated by dipping in NH4Cl solution and was calcined using N2 atmosphere at 500 °C for 5h to produce the ZAA sample. The Nb2O5-ZAA catalyst was made by mixing the activated natural zeolite (ZAA), Nb2O5 3 % (w/w) and oxalic acid 10 % (w/w) solution, until the paste was formed, followed by drying and calcining the catalyst for 3 h at 500 °C under N2 atmosphere. Catalyst characterizations were conducted by measuring acidity with NH3 gas using gravimetric method and porosimetric analysis using N2 gas adsorption based on the BET equation by surface area analyzer instrument. The Nb2O5-ZAA catalyst was then used as an acid catalyst in free fatty acid esterification reaction of wasted cooking oil in methanol medium with variation of catalyst concentration: 1.25%; 2.5%; 3.75% and 5% towards the weight of oil+methanol. The reaction was continued by transesterification of triglyceride in the used cooking oil using NaOH catalyst in methanol medium. For comparison, the esterification reaction using H2SO4 catalyst 1.25% towards the weight of oil+methanol has been conducted as well. Methyl ester (biodiesel) product was analyzed using Gas Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The characters of biodiesel were analyzed using American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) method. The results showed that modification of ZAA by impregning Nb2O5 3% (w/w) increased the total catalyst acidity from 5.00 mmol/g to 5.65 mmol/g. The Nb2O5-ZAA catalyst has specific surface area of 60.61 m2/g, total pore volume of 37.62x10-3 cc/g and average pore radius of 12.41 Å. The Nb2O5-ZAA catalyst with concentration of 1.25%-5% produced higher total conversion of biodiesel than that of H2SO4 catalyst 1.25%. The Nb2O5-ZAA catalyst with concentration of 3.75% produced the highest total conversion of biodiesel, i.e. 76.76 %. Based on the ASTM data analysis, the product has a qualification as diesel fuel. Keywords: biodiesel, transesterification, natural zeolite, niobium catalyst