bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of Prototype of Hard Capsule Shell Made from Goatskin Gelatin Using Simplex Lattice Design (SLD) as Optimization Method
Authors: Said Muhammad Irfan , Erwanto Yuny , Fudholi Achmad , Abustam Effendi 
Published: January 2019

The objective of this study was to evaluate the application of the use optimization methods of Simplex Lattice Design (SLD) with special cubic models in the preparation formula of hard capsule based on goatskin gelatin. Three types of filler materials have been used in the manufacture of capsule shells, namely MgCO3, tapioca starch (TS) and sago starch (SS). The basic ingredient was uses goatskin gelatin and aquadest as a solvent. The material formulation was calculated according to Simplex Lattice Design (SLD) using the equations Y = β1 (A) + β2 (B) + β3(C) + β12 (A)(B) + β13 (A)(C) + β23 (B)(C) + β123 (A)(B) (C). Based on these equations obtained seven formulas (three proportions formula 100% each component, three proportional formulas 50%: 50% for the mixture of two components and one formula 33.33% for the mixture of three components). The results obtained data related to the proportion of filler use in a mixture of materials. The superimposed contour plot shows that the proportion of the use of three types of filler (MgCO3: TS: SS) in each mixture are (0.224 part: 0.055 part and 0.721 parts). Next, after further testing of the formula is then obtained properties of the capsule shell prototype, namely: thickness (0.35 mm), solubility (66.64%), and water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) (0.67 g.H2O.m-2 h-1). The data obtained that the type of SS filler is the most dominant factor influencing in increasing the thickness and solubility properties of the capsule shell, while the filler TS is the most dominant increase in the nature of WVTR. The results of the study concluded that the application of the SLD optimization method could be applied in the preparation of hard capsule formulations made from goatskin gelatin with better properties.
MEMBERDAYAKAN HIGHT ORDER THINKING SKILLS (HOTS) MELAUI MODEL DISCOVERY BASED UNITY of SCIENCES (DBUS)
Authors: Khasanah Nur 
Published: December 2018

The purpose of the research is to know the implementation of Discovery Based Unity of Sciences model in learning biology. The subjects of the study are students majoring in biology education of UIN Walisongo Semarang at first year 2017/2018. Research method using Research and Development (RnD). Implementation of DBUS model there were 6 steps, ei: (1) Stimulation using local wisdom, (2) Problem statement, (3) Observation and Data collection, (4) Data Processing, (5) Verification base on religion (6) Implementation and awarenest. The N-gain value at UIN Walisongo obtained by the experimental class was 0.23 greater than the control group of 0.09. The results of statistical testing at the UIN Walisongo Semarang obtained the average value of the pretest was 2.45 and the average posttest score was 7.4167. The correlation between pretest posttest was 0.035 5% with a t value = 9.332 with a sig value of 0.000 0.05. The T test on the DBUS model at UIN Walisongo from the correlation results on T count is 0.862, showing the results of the correlation on the influence of DBUS model on the increase in PRB is High. The size effect of the DBUS model is categorized as having a large effect because it has a value of d 0.8 that is d = 0.93.
An Invasive Hemolymphangioma of the Pancreas in a Young Woman
Authors: Zhang Zhijun , Ke Qinghong , Xia Weiliang , Zhang Xiuming , Shen Yan , Zheng Shusen 
Published: January 2019

Background:
Hemolymphangioma is a rare benign tumor. To the best of our knowledge,
there were only 10 reports of this tumor of the pancreas until March 2018.

Case Report:
Here, we reported a large invasive hemolymphangioma of the pancreas in a young
woman with a complaint of abdominal distension and an epigastric mass about 3 weeks. She was
found to have a huge multilocular cystic tumor at the neck and body of pancreas on computed
tomography. She was eventually diagnosed with hemolymphangioma of the pancreas after operation.
After 2 years of follow-up, there was no signs of recurrence.

Conclusion:
From our case and literature, we can conclude that hemolymphangioma of the pancreas
is uncommon benign tumor, and it is hard to make an accurate diagnosis preoperatively. Radical
surgical resection should be performed whenever possible. The prognosis of this disease seems good.
Antimicrobial Activity of Myrtus communis L., Cinnamomum verum and Eugenia caryophyllata Alcoholic Mixtures
Authors: Zam Wissam , Ali Ali , Ibrahim Walaa 
Published: January 2019

Background and Objective:
With the significant increase in the prevalence of infectious
diseases and the development of drug resistance by human pathogenic bacteria, there is a continuous
need to discover new antimicrobial compounds from plants.

Methods:
Four extracts of wild Myrtus communis L. berries (myrtle berries) were prepared with the
addition of Cinnamomum verum and Eugenia caryophyllata. The extracts were screened in vitro for
their antimicrobial activities using agar-well diffusion method against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus
aureus, Enterobacter cloacae, Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus
mirabilis cultures.

Results:
The inhibition zones ranged from 12 to 22 mm. The MICs values of extracts lies between
the ranges of 30 to 100 mg/ml. Of the extracts studied, the most active ones were those obtained from
the myrtle berries:cloves, myrtle berries:cinnamon:cloves with the highest inhibition zones 22 mm
and 17mm against S. aureus and L. monocytogenes at 50 mg/ml and 80 mg/ml, respectively. None
of the extracts was active against E. coli and P. mirabilis.

Conclusion:
The present investigations have exposed that the myrtle berries:cloves, myrtle berries:
cinnamon:cloves extracts could be used in traditional medicine as natural antimicrobial agents in
treatment the bacterial infections.
Isolation and HPLC Determination of the Chemical Components of Gentianella acuta (Michx.) Hulten
Authors: Wei Ying , Liu Yongqiao , Hele Yifan , Sun Weiwei , Wang Yang , Xu Tunhai , Liu Tonghua 
Published: January 2019

Background:
Gentianella acuta (Michx.) Hulten is an important type of medicinal plant
found in several Chinese provinces. It has been widely used in folk medicine to treat various illnesses.
However, there is not enough detailed information about the chemical constituents of this plant or
methods for their content determination.

Objective:
The focus of this work is the isolation and characterization of the major chemical constituents
of Gentianella acuta, and developing an analytical method for their determination.

Methods:

The components of Gentianella acuta were isolated using (1) ethanol extraction and adsorption
on macroporous resin. (2) and ethyl acetate extraction and high speed countercurrent chromatography.
A HPLC-DAD method was developed using a C18 column and water-acetonitrile as the mobile
phase. Based on compound polarities, both isocratic and gradient elution methods were developed.

Results:

A total of 29 compounds were isolated from this plant, of which 17 compounds were isolated
from this genus for the first time. The main components in this plant were found to be xanthones. The
HPLC-DAD method was developed and validated for their determination, and found to show good
sensitivity and reliability.

Conclusion:

The results of this work add to the limited body of work available on this important medicinal
plant. The findings will be useful for further investigation and development of Gentianella
acuta for its valuable medicinal properties.
Development & Pharmaceutical Characterization of Isoniazid Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Approach
Authors: Kushwaha Swatantra Kumar Singh , Rai Awani Kumar , Parveen Heena 
Published: January 2019

Background:
Tuberculosis is a major public health problem in the world.
Isoniazid is a first line antitubercular drug active against Mycobacterium species which
inhibits mycolic acid synthesis.

Objective:
The aim of the present investigation was the preparation of solid lipid nanoparticle
containing Isoniazid to increase bioavailability, sustained release and decrease toxicity
by increasing permeability.

Methods:
Isoniazid was incorporated into SLN for sustained drug delivery, increasing
permeability and bioavailability. SLNs were prepared by emulsification followed by the
solvent evaporation technique by optimizing lipid, polymer and surfactant ratio under
controlled optimized process variables i.e. temperature and stirring speed. SLNs were
characterized for particle size analysis, comparative study design in different physiological
pH for in-vitro drug release and drug release kinetics.

Results:
The best in-vitro release for F7 was found to be 80.2% in pH-7.4 and 82.2% in
pH-4.5. The particle size of the F7 formulation was found to be in the range of 200-
600nm . Among all 3 optimized formulations, i.e. F3, F7 and F8 in both the pH, F3
followed non-fickian diffusion mechanism in pH-4.5 whereas all the formulations in both
pH followed super-case II diffusion mechanism. The stability studies were carried out
as per ICH guidelines which signify that the SLNs were found stable in the refrigerated
condition.

Conclusion:
The results clearly demonstrated that SLNs drug delivery system is a promising
approach for antitubercular drug delivery as it proved to sustained release, increase
permeability, enhanced bioavailability and thus decreased dosing frequency. Kinetic
modelling of the formulation with zero, first order, Higuchi and Korsmeyer- peppas is
explained in this article.
Tobacco Smoking: Risk to Develop Addiction, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, and Lung Cancer
Authors: Santoro Alessia , Tomino Carlo , Prinzi Giulia , Lamonaca Palma , Cardaci Vittorio , Fini Massimo , Russo Patrizia 
Published: January 2019

Background: The morbidity and mortality associated with tobacco smoking is well established.
Nicotine is the addictive component of tobacco. Nicotine, through the non-neuronal α7nicotinic
receptor, induces cell proliferation, neo-angiogenesis, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and inhibits
drug-induced apoptosis.

Objective:
To understand the genetic, molecular and cellular biology of addiction, chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease and lung cancer.

Methods:
The search for papers to be included in the review was performed during the months of July-
September 2018 in the following databases: PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov), Scopus
(http://www.scopus.com), EMBASE (http://www.elsevier.com/online-tools/embase), and ISI Web of
Knowledge (http://apps.webofknowledge.com/). The following searching terms: “nicotine”, “nicotinic
receptor”, and “addiction” or “COPD” or “lung cancer” were used.
</P><P>
Patents were retrieved in clinicaltrials.gov (https://clinicaltrials.gov/). All papers written in English
were evaluated. The reference list of retrieved articles was also reviewed to identify other eligible
studies that were not indexed by the above-mentioned databases.
</P><P>
New experimental data on the ability of nicotine to promote transformation of human bronchial epithelial
cells, exposed for one hour to Benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-diol-9-10-epoxide, are reported.

Results:
Nicotinic receptors variants and nicotinic receptors upregulation are involved in addiction,
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and/or lung cancer. Nicotine through α7nicotinic receptor upregulation
induces complete bronchial epithelial cells transformation.

Conclusion:
Genetic studies highlight the involvement of nicotinic receptors variants in addiction,
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and/or lung cancer. A future important step will be to translate
these genetic findings to clinical practice. Interventions able to help smoking cessation in nicotine
dependence subjects, under patent, are reported.
Eyelid Dermatitis and Contact Sensitization to Nickel: Results from an Italian Multi-Centric Observational Study
Authors: Borghi Alessandro , Corazza Monica , Maietti Elisa , Patruno Cataldo , Napolitano Maddalena , Schena Donatella , Musumeci Maria Letizia , Micali Giuseppe , Magrone Thea , Romita Paolo , Foti Caterina 
Published: January 2019

Background:
Due to the sensitizing constituents of eye cosmetics, allergic contact dermatitis
is considered a frequent cause of eyelid dermatitis. An association between eyelid dermatitis and nickel
contained in make-ups remains controversial.

Objective:
The study aimed to assess the association between nickel allergy, the use of pigmented makeup
products and self-reported eyelid dermatitis.

Method:
This multi-centric, cross-sectional study enrolled 165 women sensitized to nickel (patients)
and 103 women without intolerance to metals (controls). We recorded: demographics, atopy, use of
pigmented eye cosmetics (mascara, eyeshadow, eyeliner, eyebrow pencil), and previous eyelid dermatitis.
Among the patients, any co-sensitization to cosmetics or metals was recorded.

Results:
87.3% of the patients and 91.3% of the controls reported their use of eye make-up; 44.9% and
52.4%, respectively, reported previous episodes of eyelid dermatitis, without significant differences.
The occurrence of eyelid dermatitis was significantly associated with the use of eye make-up products,
both in general and considering each product separately. Age, atopy, or co-sensitization to other metals
or cosmetics did not affect the occurrence of eyelid dermatitis.

Conclusion:
Nickel allergy should not be considered the main risk factor for eyelid dermatitis. The use
of pigmented eye make-up may be a triggering factor for eyelid dermatitis, probably due to an irritant
action.
Therapeutic Potential of Morin in Ovalbumin-induced Allergic Asthma Via Modulation of SUMF2/IL-13 and BLT2/NF-kB Signaling Pathway
Authors: Kandhare Amit D. , Liu Zihao , Mukherjee Anwesha A. , Bodhankar Subhash L. 
Published: January 2019

Background:Allergic asthma is a chronic immune-inflammatory disorder, characterized by airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). Morin is a natural flavonoid reported to exhibit inhibitory action against IgE-mediated allergic response.Aim:To determine the efficacy of murine model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced AHR inhibition by morin and decipher the molecular mechanism involved.Materials and Methods:Sprague-Dawley rats were sensitized and challenged with OVA to induce AHR. Rats received treatment with morin (10, 30 and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) for the next 28 days.Results:Morin (30 and 100 mg/kg) significantly and dose-dependently attenuated (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001) OVA-induced alterations in pulse oxy and lung function test, increased bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cell counts, elevated total protein and albumin levels in serum, BALF, and lungs, increased serum total and OVA-specific IgE levels and, elevated oxidative stress levels in the lung. RT-PCR analysis revealed that morin treatment (30 and 100 mg/kg) significantly (p < 0.001) up-regulated SUMF2 mRNA expression in lungs whereas mRNA expressions of BLT2, NF-κB, and Th2-cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, and IL-13) were down-regulated significantly and dose-dependently (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001). Also, histologic and ultrastructural studies showed that morin significantly inhibited (p < 0.001) OVAinduced perivascular and peribranchial inflammatory infiltration and interstitial fibrosis.Conclusion:Morin exhibited inhibitory effect against OVA-induced allergic asthma by activation of SUMF2 which impeded IL-13 expression and in turn attenuated Th2-cytokines, BLT2, NF-κB, and IgE levels to ameliorate AHR. Thus, our findings suggested that morin could be considered as a potential alternative therapeutic agent for the management of allergic asthma.
The Alkaloids and Bioactivities of Ethanol Extract from a Traditional Remedy of Vietnam
Authors: Sa Nguyen H. , Thuy Trinh T. , Quan Tran D. , Thien Dao D. , Tam Nguyen T. , Hoan Le C. , Nhung Le T.H. , Ni Huynh T.N. , Adorisio Sabrina , Delfino Domenico V. 
Published: January 2019

Background and Objective:
In Vietnam, “Dai trang hoan ba Giang” (BG), which belongs
to herbalist “Ba Giang”, has been one of the famous herbal remedies for ulcerative colitis and diarrhea
for over 100 years. However, up to the present, the main BG’s chemical constituents have not
been investigated. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the phytochemistry and antiproliferative
activity of isolated compounds from BG on Acute Myeloid Leukemia (OCI-AML) cells as well as
evaluating its safety by the acute and subchronic toxicological tests.

Methods:
Compounds from herbmaterial were isolated by using column chromatography. Their
structures were determined by combining spectral analysis and comparison with reported data. The
concentrations of components were were determined by HPLC/DAD analysis. Anti-proliferative activity
in OCI-AML cell line of isolated compounds was carried out by flow cytometry analysis. The
acute and subchronic oral toxicity in micewere appraised by observingdaily for clinical manifestations
of toxicity while the experiment lasted.

Results:
In this study, driedpowders of materials were extracted by 70% EtOH to afford an extract
(DTBG). Two compounds, including palmatine (1) and berberine (2) were isolated from DTBG.
The DTBG inhibited the growth of OCI-AML by a significant increase of caspase-8-independent
apoptosis as measured by propidium iodide flow cytometry analysis and caspase-3 activation. In the
acute study, DTBG is well tolerated, non-toxic and non-lethal to mice under the present experimental
conditions. In thesubchronic study in mice, DTBG did not impact on weight gain, blood, liver
and kidney function.

Conclusion:
Overall, the main chemical constituents of DTBG and its effect on proliferation of
acute myeloid leukemia cells were reported for the first time. Moreover, the results suggest that,
DTBG did not express any significant toxic effect in mice. Hence, the extract can be utilized for
pharmaceutical formulations.
Pseudarthrosis of the Carpal Scaphoid Treated with Non-Vascularized Corticocancellous Bone Graft
Authors: Mourafiq Omar , Kamenan Valery , Benyias Youssef , Boukhriss Jalal , Chefry Bouchaib , Bencheba Driss , Bouabid Ahmed Salim , Boussouga Moustapha 
Published: December 2018

Objectives: To carry out an epidemiological study and to assess the evolutionary profile of patients with scaphoid non-union treated by anterior non-vascularized corticocancellous bone graft.
Introduction: The non-union is a serious complication of carpal scaphoid fractures. Untreated, it leads to instability and osteoarthritis of the carp. The most used technique is that of Matti-Russe employing a corticocancellous graft.
Materials and methods: We report in this retrospective study the experience of the department of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology II, Mohamed V Military Hospital, Rabat, in the treatment of non-unions of the carpal scaphoid by anterior non-vascularized corticocancellous graft in nine cases collected between January 2012 and March 2016. We identified six cases of stage IIA and three cases of stage IIB. All our patients were operated by the Matti-Russian technique followed by an immobilization by plaster cast cuff on three months.
Results: All our patients achieved a union within an average of three months. The Mayo Wrist score was excellent in 66.6% of cases. Our results were very satisfying in 90% of cases, satisfying in 10%.
Conclusion: The treatment of non-unions of the carpal scaphoid without necrosis or osteoarthritis, using anterior non-vascularized bone graft remains the most widely used technique. The presence of initial instability is a factor of poor prognosis, its correction reduces the risk of arthritis.
Clinical Peculiarities of the Mixed-Invasion of Giardiasis and Ascariasis
Authors: Protsyk Andrii 
Published: December 2018

Intestinal parasitic diseases are widespread in the territory of almost the entire globe. Among them the most common are giardiasis and ascaridosis. In recent years, more and more cases of combined invasion by these organisms have been registered.
The objective of the research was to study the clinical peculiarities of the course of giardiasis and ascariasis in patients with combined invasion.
Materials in the methods. There were 42 patients under observation, who were divided into 3 groups. The first group (n=14) included patients with giardiasis, the second one (n=14) – patients with ascariasis, the third group (n=14) included patients with mixed infection of giardiasis and ascariasis.
Results. The main clinical syndromes in patients with giardiasis, ascariasis and patients with mixed invasion by both pathogens have been analyzed. In all groups of patients, the manifestations of dyspeptic syndrome were most frequent. Signs of an allergic syndrome were observed as a polymorphic rash on the skin. Data on astheno-neurotic and intoxication syndromes took place somewhat less frequently.
Conclusions. Clinical manifestations in patients with mycobacterial invasions of giardiasis and ascariasis were reported more frequently than in patients with monoinvasion, and more pronounced polymorphism was observed.
Diagnostics and Minimally Invasive Surgery for Achalasia Cardia
Authors: Ratchik Vadim , Babii Oleksandr , Prolom Natalia , Shevchenko Boris 
Published: December 2018

The objective of the research was to assess the effectiveness of balloon pneumatic dilation and laparoscopic Heller myotomy in treatment of patients with achalasia cardia.
Materials and methods. Twenty-one patients with achalasia cardia were examined and treated using pneumatic balloon dilation and laparoscopic Heller myotomy in the Department of Surgery from January 2016 to April 2018. There were 8 (38.1%) men and 13 (61.9%) women at the age of 28 to 75 years (the average age was (51.47 ± 3.63) years) and disease duration of 1 month to 8 years (the average disease duration was (3.05 ± 0.49) years).
Results and discussion. With the help of radiological methods of examination, all the patients were divided into 4 groups according to the esophageal diameter: Group I included 5 (23.8%) patients with the esophagus up to 4-5 cm in diameter; Group II comprised 6 (28.6%) patients with the esophagus up to 4-6 cm in diameter; Group III included 5 (23.8%) patients with the esophagus up to 6-8 cm in diameter; Group IV consisted of 5 (23.8%) patients with the esophagus of more than 8 cm in diameter and an S-shaped configuration. A significant decrease in the diameter of the esophagus according to fluoroscopy (p<0.05) alongside with a decrease in the lower esophageal sphincter pressure according to manometry are indicative in assessing the effectiveness of achalasia cardia treatment after minimally invasive surgery. There were no complications when performing pneumatic balloon dilation and laparoscopic Heller myotomy.
Conclusions. In 7 (33.3%) patients, recurrences of achalasia cardia after balloon pneumatic dilation occurred within 2 - 10 months: in 4.7% of patients in Group I and 9.5% of patients in Group II, Group III, and Group IV. In recurrent achalasia cardia, repeated dilation was ineffective. There was performed laparoscopic Heller myotomy with Dor fundoplication, which was effective in 80.0% of cases.