bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of environmental factors in waiting rooms on anxiety among patients undergoing coronary angiography: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Pouyesh Vahideh , Amaniyan Sara , Haji Mohammad Hoseini Mahsa , Bashiri Yousef , Sieloff Christina , Griffiths Pauline , Vaismoradi Mojtaba 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundAccording to Florence Nightingale's hypothesis, the environment can play a central role in the healing of the patient's body and mind. The nurse should, therefore, strive to provide a healing and stress‐reducing environment for patients about to undergo invasive procedures.AimsThis study aimed to investigate the effects of environmental factors on anxiety as experienced by patients in waiting rooms prior to coronary angiography.MethodsIn this randomized controlled trial, 200 patients undergoing coronary angiography in an urban area of Iran were assigned randomly to the following intervention groups: (1) nature sounds; (2) nature sounds and daylight; (3) nature sounds, daylight, and colour enhancements; and (4) control. Portable monitors were used to measure the patients' physiological indices upon admission and 30 and 60 minutes thereafter.ResultsPatients who experienced environmental affecting interventions had significantly lower physiological indices of anxiety than the control group (P < 0.001). Some significance was demonstrated between the three interventions groups, with patients in the intervention group that experienced maximum environmental interventions demonstrating the most overall reduction in anxiety indices.ConclusionEnvironmental factors were shown to have a positive effect on the indices of anxiety experienced by patients waiting for the procedure of coronary angiography; this is therefore an area of study and practice worthy of further development.
Functional analysis of eight chitinase genes in rice stem borer and their potential application in pest control
Authors: Zhao X. , Situ G. , He K. , Xiao H. , Su C. , Li F. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractInsect chitinases participate in numerous physiological processes such as nutrition, parasitism, morphogenesis and immunity. These properties make chitinases good targets for pest control. Rice striped stem borer (SSB), Chilo suppressalis Walker, is one of the most destructive pests of rice causing huge yield losses. In our previous work, we reported the identification of 12 SSB chitinase (CsCht) genes, and studied the functions of CsCht1 to 4. Here, we have extended our study to investigate the expression patterns and functions of CsCht5 to 12. All eight chitinase genes displayed distinct temporospatial expression profiles. We looked at the effect of knocking down each gene at the developmental stage where highest expression was observed. Knocking down CsCht5, CsCht6 and CsCht8 resulted in high mortality and delayed development. Although silencing CsCht7, CsCht9, CsCht10, CsCht11 and CsCht12 had no apparent effect on development, knocking down CsCht10 in SSB individuals that were simultaneously treated with Beauveria bassiana (Bb84) led to higher mortality rates and quicker death, suggesting CsCht10 has an essential role in protecting SSB from exogenous microorganisms. In summary, we elucidated the functions of eight SSB chitinase genes and found that CsCht10 could be a good candidate for pest control.
Advanced‐country policies and emerging‐market currencies: The impact of US tapering on India's rupee
Authors: Medvedev Denis , Rama Martin , Ikeda Yuki 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe global financial crisis and its aftermath triggered extraordinary policy responses in advanced countries. Their impacts—from asset price bubbles to currency depreciations—have often been felt in the developing world, and the same can be expected from their undoing. India's experience around the Fed's ‘taper talk’ announcement of 2013 offers insights which could be relevant for other countries as quantitative easing programmes wind down and monetary policy is ‘normalized’. This paper estimates the contribution of external and domestic factors to long‐run trends and short‐term fluctuations in the value of the Indian rupee around the 2013 depreciation episode using a rich dynamic model that controls for a large number of exchange‐rate determinants. The paper finds that a global surprise factor, more than domestic vulnerabilities, was the main driver of the large rupee depreciation in the summer of 2013.
Are Bank Mergers Good News for Shareholders? The Effect of Bank Mergers on Shareholder Value in Japan
Authors: Montgomery Heather , Takahashi Yuki 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis study investigates the effects of bank mergers on the welfare of affiliated client firms. The findings demonstrate that, in general, bank mergers increase the welfare of client firms. However, there are significant differences in the impact of a bank merger on client firms across different merger, bank, and firm characteristics. Client firms of banks involved in mega‐mergers do not enjoy an increase in welfare. Client firms of undercapitalized banks in fact suffer significant welfare losses. In the long‐run, weak “zombie” firms also in many cases experience welfare losses following the announcement of a merger by their main bank.
PERK, mTORC1 and eEF2 interplay during long term potentiation
Authors: Bevilaqua Lia R. M. , Cammarota Martín 
Published: July 2018

This Editorial highlights a study by Zimmermann and coworkers in the current issue of Journal of Neurochemistry. The authors' link suppression of PKR‐like endoplasmatic reticulum kinase (PERK) activity to eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2) dephosphorylation and mTORC1‐independent high‐frequency stimulation (HFS)‐induced long‐term potentiation (LTP) in acute hippocampal slices from PERK forebrain conditional knockout mice. The results suggest that functional interaction between the signaling pathways controlling different phases of the mRNA translation process is necessary for long‐term plasticity in the hippocampus.
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Spirituality, Humor, and Resilience After Natural and Technological Disasters
Authors: Cherry Katie E. , Sampson Laura , Galea Sandro , Marks Loren D. , Stanko Katie E. , Nezat Pamela F. , Baudoin Kayla H. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractPurposeMultiple exposures to disaster are associated with high levels of stress and with long‐term consequences for survivors. However, little is known about coping and resilience in multiple disaster contexts. In this study, we focused on spiritual and secular coping resources and the roles they may play in postdisaster resilience.MethodsParticipants were noncoastal and coastal residents exposed to the 2005 Hurricanes Katrina and Rita and the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill. Psychosocial predictors of central interest were (a) spiritual support and (b) use of coping through humor, and both were hypothesized to be associated with resilience. Covariates included group, gender, education, income, social engagement, charitable work done for others, and lifetime trauma.FindingsLogistic regression analyses confirmed that spiritual support (odds ratio [OR] = 1.11, p ≤ .01) and use of coping through humor (OR = 1.17, p ≤ .01) were independently and positively associated with resilience. Disruption in charitable work done for others in a typical year before the hurricanes (OR = 0.49, p ≤ .05) and income of less than $2,000 per month were negatively associated with resilience (OR = 0.47, p ≤ .05).ConclusionsThese data show that spirituality, humor, disruptions in charitable work, and low income were all independently associated with resilience in the years after consecutive disasters.Clinical RelevanceExperiencing one or more disasters can create chronic psychosocial stress in an individual, which is associated with long‐term health effects such as inflammation and weakened immune function. Recognizing which coping resources bolster resilience rather than harm is important for improving quality of life in disaster victims.
REGIONAL INTEGRATION AND POVERTY: A REVIEW OF THE TRANSMISSION CHANNELS AND THE EVIDENCE
Authors: Martuscelli Antonio , Gasiorek Michael 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWhile there is an extensive literature on the impact of regional trading agreements on trade and capital flows, as well as on the relationship between international trade, growth, and poverty there is comparatively little treatment of the possible linkages between regional integration and poverty. We analyze the channels through which regional integration could impact on poverty, and then review the existing evidence on the impact of regional integration on poverty. We focus on two key characteristics that make any regional integration process different from unilateral and multilateral liberalization: first, the asymmetric nature of the liberalization process; second, the scope or ambition of the regional liberalization being undertaken and the nature of the institutional arrangements that are put into place to manage the process of regional integration. We also distinguish between short, medium, and long run effects on poverty of regional integration processes. There is some direct evidence explicitly linking regional integration and poverty, but in good part the shedding of the light depends on an indirect literature on trade, FDI, migration, and inequality.
Post‐partum duration of satisfaction with childbirth
Authors: Turkmen Sahruh , Tjernström Maja , Dahmoun Marju , Bolin Marie 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAimSatisfaction with childbirth has become increasingly important among healthcare providers. We evaluated whether satisfaction levels change with time (up to 3 months after delivery).MethodsA prospective study of nulliparous women was designed to evaluate their levels of satisfaction with childbirth and care during birth in the maternity unit of a county hospital in Sundsvall, Sweden. Patient satisfaction with birth and health care was measured twice, during the first week after birth and 3 months later, with the Childbirth Experience Questionnaire (CEQ). Maternal and labor information were collected with a form filled in by the patients and completed with information from the patients’ records.ResultsA total of 78 primiparous women participated in the study and answered the questionnaire in the first week after labor, and 63 of them completed the study by answering the same questionnaire 3 months after delivery. The total CEQ score did not change after 3 months, but the scores for the subscales ‘professional support’ and ‘participation’ decreased 3 months after labor (P = 0.008 and P = 0.001, respectively). A visual analogue scale predicted the total CEQ scores at both 1 week (P < 0.001) and 3 months (P = 0.003).ConclusionOur results indicate that satisfaction with labor and birth among primiparous women was unchanged 3 months after labor.
Tobias Smollett and the work of writing
Authors: Jones Richard J. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis essay offers an overview of the state of Smollett Studies today. It is also an argument about what makes Tobias Smollett interesting. It therefore seeks to avoid the value judgments about “English literature” that have dogged Smollett's reputation (ever since “English literature” was invented) and restore him to the “work of writing” in which he was engaged. The essay thus provides an account of the wide‐ranging nature of his work in order to balance a previous critical emphasis on his novels. It includes some views of his role as a translator, historian, critic, editor, and, perhaps more provocatively, “hack.” Recent studies in eighteenth‐century print culture and the (Scottish) Enlightenment point the way to a new Smollett, at work within a messier history of writing.
A new probabilistic approach to estimating marine gastropod densities from baited traps
Authors: Coston‐Guarini Jennifer , Guarini Jean‐Marc , Boehm Frederike Ricarda , Kerkhove Thomas R. H. , Rivera Frances C. , Erzini Karim , Charles François , Deprez Tim , Chauvaud Laurent 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA new probabilistic approach is proposed to assess muricid species population abundances at scales relevant to both Ancient and Modern coastal fisheries. Motivated by the long‐term goal of reconstructing the dynamics of exploited murex populations during Antiquity, the objective was to estimate the population density of the banded dye‐murex, Hexaplex trunculus (Linnaeus, 1758) from successive captures with baited traps, using a method similar to the technique employed in the Mediterranean purple dye industry. The stochastic model developed simulates cumulative captures while accounting for high variability. It was calibrated with data acquired during a field trapping experiment (Crete Island, Greece). Traps’ catchability and Effective Area of Attraction (EAA) were estimated using the individual speed and behavioural response towards bait from laboratory experiments. Average density of H. trunculus was estimated as 2.2 ± 1.4 SE individuals per square metre, with no significant differences between seagrass and rocky habitats. The clearing time of successive capture experiments averaged 84 ± 6 SE hr. Clearing ca. 0.4 ha of subtidal area would be necessary to produce ca. 1.0 g of pure Tyrian purple pigment. The method described is generalizable to making population abundance estimates for similar groups, such as whelks, in modern fisheries.
Spatial correlation of native and engineered cartilage components at micron resolution
Authors: Karchner James P. , Querido William , Kandel Shital , Pleshko Nancy 
Published: July 2018

AbstractTissue engineering (TE) approaches are being widely investigated for repair of focal defects in articular cartilage. However, the amount and/or type of extracellular matrix (ECM) produced in engineered constructs does not always correlate with the resultant mechanical properties. This could be related to the specifics of ECM distribution throughout the construct. Here, we present data on the amount and distribution of the primary components of native and engineered cartilage (i.e., collagen, proteoglycan (PG), and water) using Fourier transform infrared imaging spectroscopy (FT‐IRIS). These data permit visualization of matrix and water at 25 μm resolution throughout the tissues, and subsequent colocalization of these components using image processing methods. Native and engineered cartilage were cryosectioned at 80 μm for evaluation by FT‐IRIS in the mid‐infrared (MIR) and near‐infrared (NIR) regions. PG distribution correlated strongly with water in native and engineered cartilage, supporting the binding of water to PG in both tissues. In addition, NIR‐derived matrix peaks correlated significantly with MIR‐derived collagen peaks, confirming the interpretation that these absorbances arise primarily from collagen and not PG. The combined use of MIR and NIR permits assessment of ECM and water spatial distribution at the micron level, which may aid in improved development of TE techniques.
The rationale and design of the SMART CRT trial
Authors: Gold Michael R. , Auricchio Angelo , Leclercq Christophe , Lowy Jonathan , Rials Seth J. , Shoda Morio , Tomassoni Gery , Yong Patrick , Wold Nicholas , Ellenbogen Kenneth A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAimsThe SMART CRT study will assess the efficacy of an atrioventricular optimization algorithm to improve reverse remodeling among patients undergoing cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in the presence of interventricular electrical delay.Methods and resultsThe SMART CRT study is a global, multicenter, prospective, randomized study of patients undergoing CRT implantation. The primary endpoint of this trial is response rate to CRT, defined as decrease in left ventricular end‐systolic volume (LVESV) ≥15% at 6 months compared to preimplant baseline. Additional prespecified analyses are: (1) clinical composite endpoint combining all‐cause mortality, heart failure events, New York Heart Association class, and Quality of Life (using a patient global assessment instrument); (2) the individual components of the clinical composite endpoint; (3) 6‐minute walk distance; (4) Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire; (5) LVESV as a continuous variable; and (6) absolute left‐ventricular ejection fraction. Subjects with intraventricular delay ≥ 70 ms measured between the right ventricular and left ventricular pacing leads will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to have either an AV Delay and pacing chamber determined by SmartDelay™ or a Fixed AV Delay of 120 ms with biventricular pacing. Enrollment of an estimated 726 of subjects from up to 100 centers worldwide is planned to achieve 436 randomized subjects and 370 complete data sets required to power the primary endpoint.ConclusionsThis trial will provide important data regarding the importance of AV Delay programming in patients with prolonged interventricular delay at the pacing sites.
The promise and perils of industry‐funded science
Authors: Holman Bennett , Elliott Kevin C. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractPrivate companies provide by far the most funding for scientific research and development. Nevertheless, relatively little attention has been paid to the dynamics of industry‐funded research by philosophers of science. This paper addresses this gap by providing an overview of the major strengths and weaknesses of industry research funding, together with the existing recommendations for addressing the weaknesses. It is designed to provide a starting point for future philosophical work that explores the features of industry‐funded research, avenues for addressing concerns, and strategies for making research funded by the private sector as fruitful as possible.
Coumarin‐based Fluorescent Probes for Selectively Targeting and Imaging the Endoplasmic Reticulum in Mammalian Cells
Authors: Wijesooriya Chamari S. , Nieszala Megan , Stafford Alex , Zimmerman Jake R. , Smith Emily A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractDeveloping improved fluorescent probes for imaging the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is necessary for structure‐activity studies of this dynamic organelle. Two coumarin‐based compounds with sulfonamide side groups were synthesized and characterized as ER‐targeting probes. Their selectivity to target the ER in HeLa and GM07373 mammalian cells was shown with co‐localization experiments using commercially available probes that localize in the ER, mitochondria, or lysozymes. The hydrophobicity of the coumarin‐based probes was comparable to known probes that partition into the ER membrane. Their cytotoxicity in mammalian cells was low with IC50 values that range from 205 to 252 μm. The fluorescent quantum yields of the coumarin‐based probes when excited with 400 nm light were 0.60, and they have a much narrower emission spectrum (from 435 to 525 nm in methanol) than that of the only commercially available ER probe that is exited with 400 nm light (ER‐Tracker™ Blue‐White DPX). Thus, the coumarin‐based probes are more useful for multicolor imaging with yellow and red emitting fluorophores. In addition to the above benefits, ER labeling was achieved with the coumarin‐based probes in both live cells and fixed cells, revealing their versatility for a wide range of cellular imaging applications.
Early automatic hyperarousal in response to neutral novel auditory stimuli among trauma‐exposed individuals with and without PTSD: An ERP study
Authors: Zukerman Gil , Fostick Leah , Ben‐Itzchak Ester 
Published: July 2018

AbstractERP studies have associated posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with enhanced P3 amplitudes in response to trauma‐related stimuli, along with reduced amplitudes in the context of neutral (trauma‐unrelated) stimuli. Additionally, a bias toward trauma‐related stimuli is also observed among trauma‐exposed participants not meeting criteria for PTSD, suggesting that trauma exposure itself, and not only the severity of posttraumatic stress (PTS), is a critical factor in information processing changes. However, previous examination of the response of trauma‐exposed (PTSD and non‐PTSD) participants to novel, neutral stimuli has produced conflicting findings. The current study examined ERPs in response to a novelty oddball paradigm comprised of neutral distractor sounds. Participants were 16 individuals with PTSD, 21 trauma‐exposed individuals without PTSD, and 12 nontraumatized controls. Detailed trauma histories and PTS symptoms were collected. A significant effect of group on early ERPs was observed, showing an increase in the N1‐P2 complex peak amplitude among the PTSD group, relative to controls. Among the entire sample, significant positive correlations were observed between PTS symptom severity, as well as trauma history, and early N1‐P2 complex peak amplitudes, in response to novel stimuli. Furthermore, trauma‐exposed participants with no PTS symptoms exhibited larger N1 amplitudes compared to participants with no trauma history. No trauma‐related alterations in later ERP components were observed. These results suggest that trauma exposure may lead to hyperarousal at early processing levels, even in response to neutral novel stimuli. The findings concur with the neurocircuitry model that associates PTSD with hyperresponsivity of the amygdala.
Experimental and methodological factors affecting test‐retest reliability of amygdala BOLD responses
Authors: Lois Giannis , Kirsch Peter , Sandner Magdalena , Plichta Michael M. , Wessa Michèle 
Published: July 2018

AbstractPrevious studies reported poor to fair test‐retest reliability of amygdala BOLD responses to emotional stimuli. However, these findings are very heterogeneous across and within studies. The present study sought to systematically examine experimental and methodological factors that contribute to this heterogeneity. Forty‐six young subjects were scanned twice with a mean test‐retest interval of 7 weeks. We compared amygdala reliability across three tasks: A face‐matching task, passive viewing of emotional faces, and passive viewing of emotional scenes. We also explored whether extraction of physiological noise can affect the stability of amygdala responses. We assessed test‐retest reliability of amygdala mean amplitudes at the individual level and spatial repeatability (i.e., stability of the spatial distribution of activation) of the amygdala BOLD signal at the group and individual level. All three tasks evoked robust amygdala activation at the group level. At the individual level, amygdala spatial repeatability was poor during passive viewing of scenes and faces and fair or close to fair in the face‐matching task. On the other hand, reliability of amygdala mean responses was very poor in the face‐matching task while it was significantly higher during passive viewing of faces and scenes. Physiological noise correction changed reliability rates but not uniformly across the three tasks. The current work suggests that the presence of a concurrent task during emotion processing affects amygdala reliability. The dissociation between spatial repeatability and reliability of mean amplitudes highlights the importance of taking into account both measures for a multidimensional assessment of the reliability of BOLD responses.