bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lire pour la première fois. La découverte de la littérature dans quelques fictions pédagogiques de la deuxième moitié du XVIIIe siècle (Rousseau, Madame de Genlis)
Authors: Zagamé Antonia 
Published: July 2018

« Lire pour la première fois » : Les fictions pédagogiques de Rousseau et Madame de Genlis prévoient une rencontre avec la littérature toute autre que celle envisagée selon le schéma d’éducation traditionnel, qui privilégie à cette époque un apprentissage littéraire « précoce ». Dans l’Emile (1761) et Adèle et Théodore (1782), la découverte des œuvres littéraires, entièrement orchestrée par le pédagogue, est en effet retardée dans le temps. Emile lit son premier livre, Robinson Crusoé, à douze ans, avant les Vies parallèles de Plutarque et les Fables de La Fontaine à dix-huit ans. Mais ces trois textes sont envisagés avant tout pour leur contenu didactique et Emile ne découvrira véritablement les différents genres des Belles-lettres qu’à vingt ans. Quant à Madame de Genlis, elle imagine un parcours de lecture progressif permettant de conduire la jeune Adèle d’ouvrages conçus pour la jeunesse, à la découverte des chefs-d’œuvre de la littérature à partir de seize ans, une fois nourrie de la lecture d’auteurs de second ordre. La fiction permet ainsi aux deux écrivains d’imaginer ce que serait le regard d’un jeune homme ou d’une jeune femme privés des principaux ouvrages des Belles-Lettres jusqu’à un âge avancé, et les découvrant au moment où leur intelligence et leur sensibilité sont parvenues à pleine maturité. Rousseau envisage un système d’imprégnation spontanée de l’objet culturel pour un être qui va changer l’ordre social, tandis que Genlis procède par gradation pour une femme qui s’intègrera à l’ordre social.
The Impact of Political Skills on Job Outcomes: Moderating Role of Psychological Empowerment
Authors: Khan Huma , Akhtar Faiza 
Published: July 2018

The present study intended to address perceived organizational support (POS), organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), job satisfaction and intention to quit, outcome of the political skills. First, study examined the prediction power of the political skills address perceived organizational support (POS), organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), job satisfaction and intention to quit; bottom-line to find the moderation effect of psychological empowerment on prescribed relationship. It is also evident that employees, who are mentally strong, psychologically empowered and dedicated towards the organization, have degree to influence someone, having self-efficacy and are self-determined. Using simple random sampling methodology, data were collected from nine different public and private corporate sector of Lahore. Study utilized sample of 310 employees. The study revealed that political skills has positive effects on perceived organizational support (POS), organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB), job satisfaction; a negative effect on intention to quit, results revealed by regression technique. The presence of positive political skills seemed to urge employees to perform well at the job, moderation effect were tested by Preacher, Rucker, & Hayes (2007) moderation process. Study finds the moderation support of psychological empowerment on the relationship of political skills toward perceived organizational support (POS), organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), job satisfaction; however, study could not find moderation effect on political skills toward intention to quit. Results of the study highlighted the importance of inculcating a positive work environment, which complements by positive political skills, and will be discussed. Limitations of study, future research directions and results underscore the importance of considering the direction of positive political skills.
A profissionalização da carreira jurídica e a trajetória dos desembargadores do Tribunal de Justiça do Paraná (1891-1981)
Authors: Wagnitz Paula Adriana , Moraes Thâmara Tavares de 
Published: July 2018

Esse trabalho tem como objetivo fazer um estudo das trajetórias dos desembargadores do Tribunal de Justiça do Paraná entre 1891 e 1981 e, desse modo, analisar o processo de institucionalizaçãodos desembargadores. Temos como hipótese que o período de entrada no TJ-PR se relaciona ao tipo de carreira profissional, isso é, os agentes que se tornaram desembargadores no final do período estudado tenderam a possuir uma trajetória mais endógena no Poder Judiciário do que aqueles que entraram inicialmente. Os dados utilizados para tal fim foram coletados do livro “História do Poder Judiciário no Paraná” (1982), das Secretarias de Estado e Cultura e do Esporte, que contém informações de todos os 110 desembargadores que pertenceram ao período analisado. As variáveis utilizadas emnossa análise consistem em (a) tempo investido na carreira jurídica até o cargo de desembargador, (b) idade em que iniciou a carreira e que ingressou no TJ/PR, (c) instituição na qual se bacharelou, e (d) cidade e estado em que ocupou cargos públicos.
Effect of Sealing Method and Lighting Candle in Metal Silos on Survival of the Larger Grain Borer, Prostephanus Truncatus, in Stored Maize
Authors: Anne Kimani , Tefera Tadele , Florence Olubayo , Dora Kilalo 
Published: July 2018

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of sealing methods, grain volume and lighting candle in metal silo for the control of Prostephanus truncatus in stored maize. Metal silos with 100 kilograms holding capacity were loaded with 90 kilograms of grain, in-let and out-let were covered with lids and sealed either with rubber band, grease, rubber band combined with grease and lid without sealing (control). The control suffered highest grain damage of 6.6% and weight loss of 1.9% compared to metal silo sealed using rubber band combined with grease which had grain damage 4.5% and weight loss 0.6%, thirty-five days after storage. Metal silo sealed with rubber band combined with grease had significantly higher CO2 level of 2.1% v/v than the control 0.5% v/v. In a separate experiment, metal silos with: 90 kilograms of grain, with and without lighted candle; 45 kilograms of grain, with and without lighted candle and a polypropylene bag with 90 kilograms of grain were compared. Ninety days after storage, grain stored in all metal silos regardless of grain volume and candle lighting suffered the least weight loss 0.2% to 1.1%, and damage 4.1% to 10.5% compared to grain in polypropylene bags which had the highest loss 7.3% to 25.3% and damage, 28.9% to 37.5%. All metal silos irrespective of grain volume and candle lighting during storage had 100% insect mortality while in control the number of live P. truncatus increased from 100 to 1786, ninety days after storage. Proper sealing of metal silo with either rubber band or grease and use of lighted candle effectively controlled P. truncatus in stored maize irrespective of grain volume.
Withdrawn and wired: Problematic internet use accounts for the link of neurotic withdrawal to sleep disturbances
Authors: Herlache Anne Danielle , Lang Kathryn M. , Krizan Zlatan 
Published: July 2018

Objective Although neuroticism is the strongest personality predictor of sleep disturbance, it is not clear whether dysphoric (Withdrawal) or angry (Volatility) aspect of neuroticism is more important and whether problematic technology use plays an intervening role. To this end, this study examined distinct contributions of neurotic withdrawal and volatility in predicting self-reported sleep disturbance while testing the mediating role of problematic internet use. Methods: One-hundred and fourty-three college students completed an online survey that included measures of neuroticism, sleep quality, and problematic internet use. Results: Although both aspects of neuroticism predicted poor sleep, Withdrawal emerged as a stronger and the only unique predictor. Furthermore, problematic internet use explained a portion of Withdrawal’s relationship to worse sleep, especially nighttime and daytime disturbances. Discussion: The findings suggest that dysphoric rather than angry features of neuroticism are more important for sleep problems and that the problematic use of modern technology may be an important contributing factor.
‘We like it wet’: a comparison between dissection techniques for the assessment of parity inAnopheles arabiensisand determination of sac stage in mosquitoes alive or dead on collection
Authors: Charlwood Jacques D. , Tomás Erzelia V.E. , Andegiorgish Amanuel K. , Mihreteab Selam , LeClair Corey 
Published: July 2018

BackgroundThe determination of parous rates in mosquitoes, despite numerous shortcomings, remains a tool to evaluate the effectiveness of control programs and to determine vectorial capacity in malaria vectors. Two dissection techniques are used for this. For one, the tracheoles of dried ovaries are examined with a compound microscope and in the other the follicular stalk of ovaries is examined, wet, with a stereomicroscope. The second method also enables the sac stage of parous insects (which provides information on the duration of the oviposition cycle) and the mated status of insects to be determined. Despite widespread use the two techniques have not previously been compared.MethodsWe compared the two dissection techniques usingAnopheles arabiensis, collected with a tent-trap in Eritrea. The paired ovaries were removed in water and one was examined by each method. From a separate set of dissections from Tanzania, we also determined if the sac stages ofAnopheles gambiaes.l. (83% of 183 identified by PCR beingAnopheles arabiensisthe remainder beingA. gambiae) that were alive on collection were different to those that died on collection and what the implications for vectorial capacity estimation might be.ResultsSeven per cent of the dry ovaries could not be classified due to granulation (yolk) in the ovariole that obscured the tracheoles. The sensitivity of the dry dissection was 88.51% (CI [79.88–94.35%]) and the specificity was 93.55% (CI [87.68–97.17%]) among the 211 ovaries that could be classified by the dry technique and compared to the ovaries dissected wet. 1,823 live and 1,416 dead from Furvela tent-traps, CDC light-trap and window-trap collections were dissected ‘wet’ from Tanzania. In these collections parous insects were more likely to die compared to nulliparous ones. The proportion of parous mosquitoes with ‘a’ sacs (indicative of recent oviposition) was significantly greater in insects that were dead (0.36) on collection in the morning compared to those that were alive (0.12) (Chi square 138.93,p < 0.001). There was a preponderance of newly emerged virgin insects in the outdoor collection (Chi sq = 8.84,p = 0.003).ConclusionsIn anophelines the examination of mosquito ovaries using transmitted light in a ‘wet’ dissection is a more useful and informative technique than examination of dry ovaries. In order to correctly estimate the duration of the oviposition cycle mosquitoes should be dissected as soon as possible after collection. Younger insects were more likely to attempt to feed outdoors rather than indoors.
Traceable Bioinspired Nanoparticle for the Treatment of Metastatic Breast Cancer via NIR‐Trigged Intracellular Delivery of Methylene Blue and Cisplatin
Authors: Zhai Yihui , Ran Wei , Su Jinghan , Lang Tianqun , Meng Jia , Wang Guanru , Zhang Pengcheng , Li Yaping 
Published: July 2018

AbstractCytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) eliminates abnormal cells through target recognition‐triggered intracellular toxin delivery. Chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell improves cancer cell recognition of CTL, but its effectiveness and safety in solid tumor treatment are still hampered by poor tumor infiltration, suppressive tumor microenvironment, and severe on‐target off‐tumor toxicity. Given the functionality and challenges of CTL in cancer therapy, herein, a CTL‐inspired nanovesicle (MPV) with a cell membrane–derived shell and a methylene blue (MB) and cisplatin (Pt) loaded gelatin nanogel core is created. The MPV generates contrast for tumor photoacoustic imaging, and produces hyperthermia upon laser irradiation, enabling photothermal imaging and deep tumor penetration. Meanwhile, it releases MB and Pt, and then delivers them into the cytosol of cancer cells, which process can be visualized by imaging the recovery of MB‐derived fluorescence. The localized hyperthermia, photodynamic therapy, and chemotherapy together kill 4T1 breast cancer cells effectively, resulting in primary tumor regression and 97% inhibition of pulmonary metastasis, without significant toxicity to the animals. Taken together, the MPV shows tumor‐specific and stimuli‐triggered intracellular toxin delivery with advantages in traceable accumulation and activation, high tumor penetration, and triple combination therapy, and thus can be an effective nanomedicine for combating metastatic breast cancer.
Thermoresponsive Amphoteric Metal–Organic Frameworks for Efficient and Reversible Adsorption of Multiple Salts from Water
Authors: Ou Ranwen , Zhang Huacheng , Wei Jing , Kim Seungju , Wan Li , Nguyen Nhi Sa , Hu Yaoxin , Zhang Xiwang , Simon George P. , Wang Huanting 
Published: July 2018

AbstractRegenerable, high‐efficiency salt sorption materials are highly desirable for water treatment. Here, a thermoresponsive, amphoteric metal–organic framework (MOF) material is reported that can adsorb multiple salts from saline water at room temperature and effectively release the adsorbed salts into water at elevated temperature (e.g., 80 °C). The amphoteric MOF, integrated with both cation‐binding carboxylic groups and anion‐binding tertiary amine groups, is synthesized by introducing a polymer with tertiary amine groups into the cavities of a water‐stable MOF such as MIL‐121 with carboxylic groups inside its frameworks. The amphoterized MIL‐121 exhibits excellent salt adsorption properties, showing stable adsorption–desorption cycling performances and high LiCl, NaCl, MgCl2, and CaCl2 adsorption capacities of 0.56, 0.92, 0.25, and 0.39 mmol g−1, respectively. This work provides a novel, effective strategy for synthesizing new‐generation, environmental‐friendly, and responsive salt adsorption materials for efficient water desalination and purification.
Enhancing the Performance of the Half Tin and Half Lead Perovskite Solar Cells by Suppression of the Bulk and Interfacial Charge Recombination
Authors: Shao Shuyan , Cui Yong , Duim Herman , Qiu Xinkai , Dong Jingjin , ten Brink Gert H. , Portale Giuseppe , Chiechi Ryan C. , Zhang Shaoqing , Hou Jianhui , Loi Maria Antonietta 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn this article it is investigated how the hole extraction layer (HEL) influence the charge recombination and performance in half tin and half lead (FASn0.5Pb0.5I3) based solar cells (HPSCs). FASn0.5Pb0.5I3 film grown on PEDOT:PSS displays a large number of pin‐holes and open grain boundaries, resulting in a high defect density and shunts in the perovskite film causing significant bulk and interfacial charge recombination in the HPSCs. By contrast, FASn0.5Pb0.5I3 films grown on PCP‐Na, an anionic conjugated polymer, show compact and pin‐hole free morphology over a large area, which effectively eliminates the shunts and trap states. Moreover, PCP‐Na is characterized by a higher work function, which determines a favorable energy alignment at the anode interface, enhancing the charge extraction. Consequently, both the interfacial and bulk charge recombination in devices using PCP‐Na HEL are considerably reduced giving rise to an overall improvement of all the device parameters. The HPSCs fabricated with this HEL display power conversion efficiency up to 16.27%, which is 40% higher than the efficiency of the control devices using PEDOT:PSS HEL (11.60%). Furthermore, PCP‐Na as HEL offers superior performance in larger area devices compared to PEDOT:PSS.
Antiferroelectrics for Energy Storage Applications: a Review
Authors: Liu Zhen , Lu Teng , Ye Jiaming , Wang Genshui , Dong Xianlin , Withers Ray , Liu Yun 
Published: July 2018

AbstractEnergy storage materials and their applications have long been areas of intense research interest for both the academic and industry communities. Dielectric capacitors using antiferroelectric materials are capable of displaying higher energy densities as well as higher power/charge release densities by comparison with their ferroelectric and linear dielectric counterparts and therefore have greater potential for practical energy storage applications. Over the past decade, extensive efforts have been devoted to the development of high performance, antiferroelectric, energy storage ceramics and much progress has been achieved. In this review, the current state‐of‐the‐art as regards antiferroelectric ceramic systems, including PbZrO3‐based, AgNbO3‐based, and (Bi,Na)TiO3‐based systems, are comprehensively summarized with regards to their energy storage performance. Strategies are then discussed for the further improvement of the energy storage properties of these antiferroelectric ceramic systems. This is followed by a review of the low temperature sintering techniques and the charge–discharge performance of antiferroelectric ceramics from a practical point of view. The review will be of benefit for researchers in the area as it offers a quick overview of recent progress in the development of various kinds of antiferroelectric ceramics and their properties. It should also stimulate the development of novel antiferroelectric ceramics with high energy storage performance.
Surgery with curative intent for stage IV gastric cancer: Is it a reality of illusion?
Authors: Kodera Yasuhiro 
Published: July 2018

AbstractGastric cancer with metastases outside of the regional lymph nodes is deemed oncologically unresectable. Nevertheless, some metastatic lesions are technically resectable by applying established surgical techniques such as para‐aortic lymphadenectomy and hepatectomy. At the time of compilation of the Japanese gastric cancer treatment guidelines version 4, systematic reviews were conducted to see whether it is feasible to make any recommendation to dissect both the primary and metastatic lesions with intent to cure, possibly as part of multimodality treatment. Long‐term survivors were found among carefully selected groups of patients both in prospective and retrospective studies. In addition, there is a growing list of publications reporting encouraging outcomes of gastrectomy conducted after exceptionally good response to chemotherapy, usually among patients who underwent R0 resection. This type of surgery is often referred to as conversion surgery. It is sometimes difficult to define a clear borderline between curative surgery scheduled after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and the conversion surgery. This review summarizes what we knew after the literature reviews conducted at the time of compiling the Japanese guidelines and in addition reflects some new findings obtained thereafter through clinical trials and retrospective studies. Metastases were divided into three categories based on the major metastatic pathways: lymphatic, hematogenous, and peritoneal. In each of these categories, there were findings that could provide hope for patients with metastatic disease. These findings implied that the surgical technique that we already use could become more useful upon further developments in antineoplastic agents and drug delivery.
Explorative Synthese von Gallium‐ und Indiumboraten unter extremen Bedingungen: M5B12O25(OH): Struktur, Lumineszenz und überraschende photokatalytische Eigenschaften
Authors: Vitzthum Daniela , Wurst Klaus , Pann Johann M. , Brüggeller Peter , Seibald Markus , Huppertz Hubert 
Published: July 2018

AbstractExplorative Festkörperchemie führte zur Entdeckung der beiden neuen Phasen Ga5B12O25(OH) und In5B12O25(OH). Mithilfe eines Walker‐Moduls (Multianvil‐Technik) führten extreme synthetische Bedingungen von 12 GPa und 1450 °C zur Bildung eines unvorhergesehenen tetragonalen Strukturtyps. Dieser ist aus kondensierten BO4‐Tetraedern mit kuboktaedrischen Kavitäten aufgebaut. Im Fall von In5B12O25(OH) war es möglich, diese Kavitäten mit Eu3+ zu dotieren, womit nach Anregung eine orange‐rote Lumineszenz beobachtet werden konnte. In photokatalytischen Tests mit der Phase In5B12O25(OH) zeigte sich überraschenderweise eine hohe Wasserstoffproduktionsrate, die mit der von TiO2 vergleichbar ist. Bemerkenswert ist allerdings, dass im Falle des In5B12O25(OH) kein Kokatalysator verwendet wurde.
On the Mechanism of the Reactivity of 1,3‐Dialkylimidazolium Salts under Basic to Acidic Conditions: A Combined Kinetic and Computational Study
Authors: Rico del Cerro Daniel , Mera‐Adasme Raúl , King Alistair W. T. , Perea‐Buceta Jesus E. , Heikkinen Sami , Hase Tapio , Sundholm Dage , Wähälä Kristiina 
Published: July 2018

AbstractComprehensive spectroscopic kinetic studies illustrate an alternative mechanism for the traditional free‐carbene intermediated H/D exchange reaction of 1,3‐dialkylimidazolium salts under neutral (D2O) and acidic conditions (DCl/D2O 35 wt % solution). The deuteration of high purity [bmim]Cl in D2O is studied at different temperatures, in absence of catalyst or impurities, to yield an activation energy. DFT transition‐state modelling, of a small water cluster and [bmim] cation, also yields an activation energy which strongly supports the proposed mechanism. The presence of basic impurities are shown to significantly enhance the exchange reaction, which brings into question the need for further analysis of technical purities of ionic liquids and the implications for a wide range of chemical reactions in such media.
Overcoming Volume Selectivity of Dipolar Recoupling in Biological Solid‐State NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Tošner Zdeněk , Sarkar Riddhiman , Becker‐Baldus Johanna , Glaubitz Clemens , Wegner Sebastian , Engelke Frank , Glaser Steffen J. , Reif Bernd 
Published: July 2018

AbstractDipolar recoupling in solid‐state NMR is an essential method for establishing correlations between nuclei that are close in space. In applications on protein samples, the traditional experiments like ramped and adiabatic DCP suffer from the fact that dipolar recoupling occurs only within a limited volume of the sample. This selection is dictated by the radiofrequency (rf) field inhomogeneity profile of the excitation solenoidal coil. We employ optimal control strategies to design dipolar recoupling sequences with substantially larger responsive volume and increased sensitivity. We show that it is essential to compensate for additional temporal modulations induced by sample rotation in a spatially inhomogeneous rf field. Such modulations interfere with the pulse sequence and decrease its performance. Using large‐scale optimizations we developed pulse schemes for magnetization transfer from amide nitrogen to carbonyl (NCO) as well as aliphatic carbons (NCA). Our experiments yield a signal intensity increased by a factor of 1.5 and 2.0 for NCA and NCO transfers, respectively, compared to conventional ramped DCP sequences. Consistent results were obtained using several biological samples and NMR instruments.