bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dopamine modulates the reward experiences elicited by music
Authors: Ferreri Laura , Mas-Herrero Ernest , Zatorre Robert J. , Ripollés Pablo , Gomez-Andres Alba , Alicart Helena , Olivé Guillem , Marco-Pallarés Josep , Antonijoan Rosa M. , Valle Marta , Riba Jordi , Rodriguez-Fornells Antoni 
Published: January 2019

Significance
In everyday life humans regularly seek participation in highly complex and pleasurable experiences such as music listening, singing, or playing, that do not seem to have any specific survival advantage. The question addressed here is to what extent dopaminergic transmission plays a direct role in the reward experience (both motivational and hedonic) induced by music. We report that pharmacological manipulation of dopamine modulates musical responses in both positive and negative directions, thus showing that dopamine causally mediates musical reward experience.
Predicting runtimes of bioinformatics tools based on historical data: five years of Galaxy usage
Authors: Tyryshkina Anastasia , Coraor Nate , Nekrutenko Anton 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Motivation
One of the many technical challenges that arises when scheduling bioinformatics analyses at scale is determining the appropriate amount of memory and processing resources. Both over- and under-allocation leads to an inefficient use of computational infrastructure. Over allocation locks resources that could otherwise be used for other analyses. Under-allocation causes job failure and requires analyses to be repeated with a larger memory or runtime allowance. We address this challenge by using a historical dataset of bioinformatics analyses run on the Galaxy platform to demonstrate the feasibility of an online service for resource requirement estimation.

Results
Here we introduced the Galaxy job run dataset and tested popular machine learning models on the task of resource usage prediction. We include three popular forest models: the extra trees regressor, the gradient boosting regressor and the random forest regressor, and find that random forests perform best in the runtime prediction task. We also present two methods of choosing walltimes for previously unseen jobs. Quantile regression forests are more accurate in their predictions, and grant the ability to improve performance by changing the confidence of the estimates. However, the sizes of the confidence intervals are variable and cannot be absolutely constrained. Random forest classifiers address this problem by providing control over the size of the prediction intervals with an accuracy that is comparable to that of the regressor. We show that estimating the memory requirements of a job is possible using the same methods, which as far as we know, has not been done before. Such estimation can be highly beneficial for accurate resource allocation.

Availability and implementation
Source code available at https://github.com/atyryshkina/algorithm-performance-analysis, implemented in Python.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Does an interactive trust-enhanced electronic consent improve patient experiences when asked to share their health records for research? A randomized trial
Authors: Harle Christopher A , Golembiewski Elizabeth H , Rahmanian Kiarash P , Brumback Babette , Krieger Janice L , Goodman Kenneth W , Mainous Arch G , Moseley Ray E 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Objective
In the context of patient broad consent for future research uses of their identifiable health record data, we compare the effectiveness of interactive trust-enhanced e-consent, interactive-only e-consent, and standard e-consent (no interactivity, no trust enhancement).

Materials and Methods
A randomized trial was conducted involving adult participants making a scheduled primary care visit. Participants were randomized into 1 of the 3 e-consent conditions. Primary outcomes were patient-reported satisfaction with and subjective understanding of the e-consent. Secondary outcomes were objective knowledge, perceived voluntariness, trust in medical researchers, consent decision, and time spent using the application. Outcomes were assessed immediately after use of the e-consent and at 1-week follow-up.

Results
Across all conditions, participants (N = 734) reported moderate-to-high satisfaction with consent (mean 4.3 of 5) and subjective understanding (79.1 of 100). Over 94% agreed to share their health record data. No statistically significant differences in outcomes were observed between conditions. Irrespective of condition, black participants and those with lower education reported lower satisfaction, subjective understanding, knowledge, perceived voluntariness, and trust in medical researchers, as well as spent more time consenting.

Conclusions
A large majority of patients were willing to share their identifiable health records for research, and they reported positive consent experiences. However, incorporating optional additional information and messages designed to enhance trust in the research process did not improve consent experiences. To improve poorer consent experiences of racial and ethnic minority participants and those with lower education, other novel consent technologies and processes may be valuable. (An Interactive Patient-Centered Consent for Research Using Medical Records; NCT03063268)
An opalized oak from Clover Creek, Lincoln County, Idaho c.1895
Authors: Viney Mike , Dietrich Dagmar , Mills Jim 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
According to mineralogical literature, some of the finest opalized wood in the world was discovered in Idaho c.1895, originating in a unique deposit along Clover Creek in Lincoln County (now Gooding County). The American mineral dealer Dr A. E. Foote acquired and processed the bulk of the discovery into specimens that were advertised between 1896 and 1904. Over a period of four years, we have identified sixteen natural history museums in Europe, North America, and Australia in possession of Clover Creek opalized oak today. Many museum acquisitions and the fossil’s taxonomic affinity, Quercinium pliocaenicum, resulted from collective networking between mineral dealers, private collectors and scientists – evidence of a common interest among a diversity of people – contributing the best specimens for museums of natural history.
Depressive Symptoms and Suicidality in Adolescents Using e-Cigarettes and Marijuana: A Secondary Data Analysis From the Youth Risk Behavior Survey
Authors: Chadi Nicholas , Li Guilin , Cerda Natalie , Weitzman Elissa R. 
Published: January 2019

Objectives:
E-cigarette use has increased dramatically among adolescents in the past 5 years alongside a steady increase in daily use of marijuana. This period coincides with a historic rise in depression and suicidal ideation among adolescents. In this study, we describe the associations between e-cigarette and marijuana use and depressive symptoms and suicidality in a large nationally representative sample of high school students.

Methods:
We used data from the 2 most recent waves (2015 and 2017) of the Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Our sample (n = 26,821) included only participants with complete information for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and exposure to e-cigarettes and marijuana (89.5% of survey respondents). We performed multivariate logistic regressions to explore the associations between single or dual use of e-cigarette and marijuana and depressive and suicidal symptoms in the past year adjusting for relevant confounders.

Results:
E-cigarette-only use was reported in 9.1% of participants, marijuana-only use in 9.7%, and dual e-cigarette/marijuana use in 10.2%. E-cigarette-only use (vs no use) was associated with increased odds of reporting suicidal ideation (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]:1.23, 95% CI 1.03–1.47) and depressive symptoms (AOR: 1.37, 95% CI 1.19–1.57), which was also observed with marijuana-only use (AOR: 1.25, 95% CI 1.04–1.50 and AOR: 1.49, 95% CI 1.27–1.75) and dual use (AOR: 1.28, 95% CI 1.06–1.54 and AOR: 1.62, 95% CI 1.39–1.88).

Conclusions:
Youth with single and dual e-cigarette and marijuana use had increased odds of reporting depressive symptoms and suicidality compared to youth who denied use. There is a need for effective prevention and intervention strategies to help mitigate adverse mental health outcomes in this population.
Outcomes of Surgical Treatment of Periprosthetic Acetabular Fractures
Authors: Hickerson Lindsay E. , Zbeda Robert M. , Gadinsky Naomi E. , Wellman David S. , Helfet David L. 
Published: January 2019

Summary:
Periprosthetic acetabular fractures sustained following acute trauma after total hip arthroplasty are rare and historically have poor outcomes. This article reviews 5 cases and the treatment algorithm used by a single orthopaedic surgeon specializing in acetabular fracture care with a co-surgeon specializing in arthroplasty. Team-based surgical management with arthroplasty- and fracture-trained surgeon(s) is paramount for optimal outcome. The following approach resulted in satisfactory outcomes without need for revision implants. In fracture patterns with columnar involvement, the columns were restored with plates and screws. In fracture patterns with wall involvement, the acetabular component functioned as a template for wall reconstruction with use of a buttress plate. The acetabular component was revised when deemed loose during stress of the component through the surgical approach used for fracture fixation.
Readmission Diagnoses After Pediatric Severe Sepsis Hospitalization*
Authors: Carlton Erin F. , Kohne Joseph G. , Shankar-Hari Manu , Prescott Hallie C. 
Published: January 2019

Objectives:
Severe sepsis is a significant cause of healthcare use and morbidity among pediatric patients, but little is known about readmission diagnoses. We sought to determine the most common readmission diagnoses after pediatric severe sepsis, the extent to which post-sepsis readmissions may be potentially preventable, and whether patterns of readmission diagnoses differ compared with readmissions after other common acute medical hospitalizations.

Design:
Observational cohort study.

Setting:
National Readmission Database (2013–2014), including all-payer hospitalizations from 22 states.

Patients:
Four-thousand five-hundred twenty-eight pediatric severe sepsis hospitalizations, matched by age, gender, comorbidities, and length of stay to 4,528 pediatric hospitalizations for other common acute medical conditions.

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
We compared rates of 30-day all cause, diagnosis-specific, and potentially preventable hospital readmissions using McNemar’s chi-square tests for paired data. Among 5,841 eligible pediatric severe sepsis hospitalizations with live discharge, 4,528 (77.5%) were matched 1:1 to 4,528 pediatric hospitalizations for other acute medical conditions. Of 4,528 matched sepsis hospitalizations, 851 (18.8% [95% CI, 16.0–18.2]) were rehospitalized within 30 days, compared with 775 (17.1% [95% CI, 17.1–20.0]) of matched hospitalizations for other causes (p = 0.02). The most common readmission diagnoses were chemotherapy, device complications, and sepsis, all of which were several-fold higher after sepsis versus after matched nonsepsis hospitalization. Only 11.5% of readmissions were for ambulatory care sensitive conditions compared with 23% of rehospitalizations after common acute medical conditions.

Conclusions:
More than one in six children surviving severe sepsis were rehospitalized within 30 days, most commonly for maintenance chemotherapy, medical device complications, or recurrent sepsis. Only a small proportion of readmissions were for ambulatory care sensitive conditions.
Antibiotics Versus No Antibiotics for Acute Uncomplicated Diverticulitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Desai Madhav , Fathallah Jihan , Nutalapati Venkat , Saligram Shreyas 
Published: January 2019

BACKGROUND:
Antibiotics are routinely used for diverticulitis irrespective of severity. Current practice guidelines favor against the use of antibiotics for acute uncomplicated diverticulitis.

OBJECTIVE:
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the role of antibiotic use in an episode of uncomplicated diverticulitis.

DATA SOURCES:
PubMed/Medline, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane were used.

STUDY SELECTION:
Eligible studies included those with patients with uncomplicated diverticulitis receiving any antibiotics compared with patients not receiving any antibiotics (or observed alone).

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
Pooled odds rate of total complications, treatment failure, recurrent diverticulitis, readmission rate, sigmoid resection, mortality rate, and length of stay were measured.

RESULTS:
Of 1050 citations reviewed, 7 studies were eligible for the analysis. There were total of 2241 patients: 895 received antibiotics (mean age = 59.1 y; 38% men) and 1346 did not receive antibiotics (mean age = 59.4 y; 37% men). Antibiotics were later added in 2.7% patients who initially were observed off antibiotics. Length of hospital stay was not significantly different among either group (no antibiotics = 3.1 d vs antibiotics = 4.5 d; p = 0.20). Pooled rate of recurrent diverticulitis was not significantly different among both groups (pooled OR = 1.27 (95%, CI 0.90–1.79); p = 0.18). Rate of total complications (pooled OR = 1.99 (95% CI, 0.66–6.01); p = 0.22), treatment failure (pooled OR = 0.68 (95% CI, 0.42–1.09); p = 0.11), readmissions (pooled OR = 0.75 (95% CI, 0.44–1.30); p = 0.31). and patients who required sigmoid resection (pooled OR = 3.37 (95% CI, 0.65–17.34); p = 0.15) were not significantly different among patients who received antibiotics and those who did not. Mortality rates were 4 of 1310 (no-antibiotic group) versus 4 of 863 (antibiotic group).

LIMITATIONS:
Only 2 randomized controlled studies were available and there was high heterogeneity in existing data.

CONCLUSIONS:
This meta-analysis of current literature shows that patients with uncomplicated diverticulitis can be monitored off antibiotics.
Revascularization of Free Skin Grafts Overlying Modified Hughes Tarsoconjunctival Flaps Monitored Using Laser-Based Techniques
Authors: Berggren Johanna , Tenland Kajsa , Ansson Cu Dinh , Dahlstrand Ulf , Sheikh Rafi , Hult Jenny , Engelsberg Karl , Lindstedt Sandra , Malmsjö Malin 
Published: January 2019

Purpose:
It has recently been shown that the flap pedicle does not supply blood to a tarsoconjunctival graft in the modified Hughes procedure in patients. This raises questions concerning the rate of revascularization of the free skin graft commonly used to reconstruct the anterior lamella. The aim of this study was, thus, to monitor the course of revascularization in free skin grafts overlying modified Hughes tarsoconjunctival flaps, using laser-based techniques.

Methods:
Free skin grafts from the upper eyelid or upper arm in 9 patients were used to cover a tarsoconjunctival flap according to the modified Hughes procedure. Blood perfusion was monitored using laser speckle contrast imaging, and vascular reactivity was studied with laser Doppler velocimetry after heating the tissue to 44°C. Measurements were made at the time of surgery (baseline) and at 1, 3, 8, and 16 weeks postoperatively.

Results:
The gradual increase in perfusion of the free skin grafts during the healing process indicates revascularization. A slight increase in perfusion was seen already after 1 week. Perfusion reached 50% of the baseline after 3 weeks, and complete restoration of perfusion was seen after 8 weeks. The vascular function monitored with heat-induced hyperemia increased in a similar fashion.

Conclusions:
Full-thickness skin grafts revascularize within 3 to 8 weeks, despite overlying a tarsoconjunctival flap, which has recently been reported to be avascular. This provides further evidence that it should be possible to repair large eyelid defects using free full-thickness eyelid grafts.
Gerofit Prehabilitation Pilot Program: Preparing Frail Older Veterans for Surgery
Authors: Dworsky Jill Q. , Castle Steven C. , Lee Cathy C. , Singh Sumit P. , Russell Marcia M. 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
Older Veterans are increasingly undergoing surgery and are at particularly high risk of postoperative morbidity and mortality. Prehabilitation has emerged as a method to improve postoperative outcomes by enhancing the patient's preoperative condition. We present data from our prehabilitation pilot project and plans for expansion and dissemination of a nationwide quality improvement effort. The infrastructure of the existing Veterans Affairs (VA) Gerofit health and exercise program was used to create our pilot. Pilot patients were screened for risk of postoperative functional decline, assessed for baseline physical function, enrolled in a personalized exercise program, and prepared to transition into the hospital for surgery. Patients (n = 9) completed an average of 17.7 prehabilitation sessions. After completing the program, 55.6% improved in ≥2 of the 5 fitness assessments completed. Postoperative outcomes including complications, 30-day mortality, and 30-day readmissions were better than predicted by the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Surgical Risk Calculator. We have obtained institutional support for implementing similar prehabilitation programs at VA hospitals nationally through our designation as a VA Patient Safety Center for Inquiry. This is the first multi-institutional prehabilitation program for frail, older Veterans and represents an essential step toward optimizing surgical care for this vulnerable population.
Steroids for Acute Vestibular Neuronitis—the Earlier the Treatment, the Better the Outcome?
Authors: Sjögren Julia , Magnusson Måns , Tjernström Fredrik , Karlberg Mikael 
Published: January 2019

Objective:
To present findings that suggest steroid treatment within 24 hours of onset of vestibular neuronitis results in better restitution of vestibular function than treatment between 25 and 72 hours.

Patients:
Thirty-three consecutive patients (17 men, 16 women, mean age 57 yr, range 17–85 yr) with acute vestibular neuronitis and treated with steroids within 72 hours after symptom onset. Patients were divided into two groups depending on if they were treated within the first 24 hours or not.

Interventions:
Oral prednisolone 50 mg/d for 5 days with tapering of doses for the next 5 days, or combined with initial intravenous betamethasone 8 mg the first 1 to 2 days if the patient was nauseous.

Main Outcome Measures:
Proportion of patients with normal caloric test result (canal paresis value < 32%) at follow-up after 3 or 12 months.

Results:
All 9 patients (100%) treated within 24 hours from onset of vestibular neuronitis had normal caloric test results at follow-up after 3 months, as compared with 14 of 24 (58%) of the patients treated between 25 and 72 hours (p < 0,05, Fisher's exact test).

Conclusions:
The timing of steroid treatment of vestibular neuronitis may be of importance for subsequent vestibular restitution, and hence, for both time to recovery and late symptoms according to the literature.
Medical Malpractice of Vestibular Schwannoma: A 40-Year Review of the United States Legal Databases
Authors: Birkenbeuel Jack , Vu Kimberly , Lehrich Brandon M. , Abouzari Mehdi , Cheung Dillon , Khosravi Pooya , Sahyouni Ronald , Ziai Kasra , Moshtaghi Omid , Sahyouni Sammy , Djalilian Hamid R. 
Published: January 2019

Objectives:
To analyze medical malpractice lawsuit trends pertaining to cases of vestibular schwannomas (VS).

Methods:
Two major computerized legal databases (LexisNexis and WestLaw) were queried and reviewed for evaluation of all the US state and federal court records from civil trials alleging malpractice between 1976 and 2016.

Results:
A total of 32 VS cases were identified. Allegations were divided into four categories: misdiagnosis/delayed diagnosis (47%), postoperative complications (44%), failure of informed consent or information sharing (16%), and other (3%). Postoperative complications included facial nerve paralysis, myocardial infarction, meningitis, and intracranial hemorrhage. Judgment amounts ranged from $300,000 to $2,000,000. The specialist type was specified for 24 of the 32 cases (75%): neurosurgeons (n = 9; 37%), neurotologists (n = 6; 25%), general otolaryngologists (n = 5; 21%), primary care physicians (n = 4; 17%), neurologists (n = 3; 12%), radiologists (n = 3; 12%), anesthesiologists (n = 2; 8%), radiation oncologists (n = 1; 4%), and general surgeon (n = 1; 4%). Of these 24 cases, (n = 9; 37%) two or more physicians were named as defendants in the lawsuit.

Conclusions:
Enhanced physician-patient communication, ensuring proper and adequate patient consent procedures, and proper documentation are good practices that may decrease the likelihood of lawsuits.
Short article: Hormone therapy for severe gastrointestinal bleeding due to multiple angiodysplastic lesions
Authors: Torrente Iranzo Silvia , Sarasqueta Eizaguirre Cristina , Gonzalez Canalizo Valentin , Segues Merino Nerea M. , Ortega Rezola Paula , Wong Arteta Jhonatan , Medina Del Valle Andrea , Cosme Jimenez Ángel , Bujanda Luis 
Published: January 2019

Objective
This study aims to assess the efficacy of hormone therapy in patients with severe gastrointestinal bleeding due to multiple angiodysplastic lesions.

Patients and methods
Between May 2010 and July 2017, we included 12 consecutive patients with anaemia or recurrent bleeding due to angiodysplasia who had been started on hormone therapy. The therapy given was a combination of levonorgestrel (between 0.10 and 0.25 mg) and ethinylestradiol (between 0.02 and 0.05 mg). We determined the mean number of transfusions required in the 6 months before and after the start of the treatment, as well as the mean haemoglobin levels, number of admissions for anaemia due to gastrointestinal bleeding and length of hospital stay in these periods.

Results
The mean age of patients included was 77.83 years old and 75% were male. The follow-up period after treatment initiation was 6 months. Of the 12 patients included, only one stopped the treatment owing to it not being effective. Overall, 83.3% of the patients reported subjective improvement. Furthermore, we found significant differences comparing before and after starting treatment regarding the mean number of transfusions (7±4.8 vs. 3.4±4.6; P=0.005), the mean haemoglobin levels (9.5±1.2 vs. 10.8±2.6; P=0.034) and the mean number of admissions (1.6±1.6 vs. 0.2±0.4; P=0.024). On the contrary, differences between pretreatment and post-treatment length of hospital stay were not significant.

Conclusion
Hormone therapy is a potentially useful therapeutic tool in patients with refractory bleeding and anaemia due to angiodysplasia.