bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Common and distinctive electrocardiographic characteristics and effective catheter ablation of idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias originating from different areas of ventricular septum adjacent to atrioventricular annulus
Authors: Zhang Su‐Qin , Zheng Cheng , Li Yue‐Chun , Ji Kang‐Ting , Yin Ri‐Peng , Lin Jia‐Feng , Li Jia 
Published: May 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate electrocardiographic (ECG) characteristics and radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) efficacy for premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) and idiopathic ventricular tachycardias (IVTs) originating from ventricular septum areas adjacent to atrioventricular annulus (VS‐AVA).MethodsAmong 1,505 consecutive PVCs/IVTs cases, 106 (7.04%) were confirmed as origin of VS‐AVA guided by both fluoroscopy and three‐dimensional mapping system during RFCA. Characteristics of surface 12‐lead ECG were analyzed.ResultsThe overall success rate for RFCA of PVCs/IVTs originating from VS‐AVA was 82.08% (87/106), common ECG characteristics were: mainly positive R wave on lead I; dominant‐positive R on aVL (91/106, 85.85%) for most, r (1/106, 0.94%) or qr (14/106, 13.21%) in few; QS or qs on aVR; and decreasing R wave amplitude and increasing S wave depth on II, III, and aVF from superior to inferior septum; and S wave on at least one inferior lead (generally III). Distinctive ECG features were: precordial transition zone before or after V2 for septum adjacent to mitral (MA, 19/19, 100.0%) or tricuspid (TA, 74/87,85.05%) annulus origin; initial r wave and rS on V1 for superior septum near TA (above His bundle) origin (9/10, 90.0%) with no initial r wave for most other origins; and QS on V1 for mid‐inferior septum near TA origin (73/77, 94.81%) and QR (Qr, qR or qr) on V1 for septum near MA origin (17/19, 89.47%).ConclusionDistinctive ECG characteristics of PVCs/IVTs originating from VS‐AVA aid in origin localization guiding effective RFCA.
Supporting advanced dementia in people with Down syndrome and other intellectual disability: consensus statement of the International Summit on Intellectual Disability and Dementia
Authors: McCarron M. , McCallion P. , Coppus A. , Fortea J. , Stemp S. , Janicki M. , Wtachman K. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe International Summit on Intellectual Disability and Dementia (Glasgow, Scotland; October 2016) noted that advanced dementia can be categorised as that stage of dementia progression characterised by significant losses in cognitive and physical function, including a high probability of further deterioration and leading to death.MethodThe question before the Summit was whether there were similarities and differences in expressions of advanced dementia between adults with intellectual disability (ID) and adults in the general population.ResultsThe Summit noted challenges in the staging of advanced dementia in people with ID with the criteria in measures designed to stage dementia in the general population heavily weighted on notable impairment in activities of daily living. For many people with an ID, there is already dependence in these domains generally related to the individuals pre‐existing level of intellectual impairment, that is, totally unrelated to dementia. Hence, the Summit agreed that as was true in achieving diagnosis, it is also imperative in determining advanced dementia that change is measured from the person's prior functioning in combination with clinical impressions of continuing and marked decline and of increasing co‐morbidity, including particular attention to late‐onset epilepsy in people with Down syndrome. It was further noted that quality care planning must recognise the greater likelihood of physical symptoms, co‐morbidities, immobility and neuropathological deterioration.ConclusionsThe Summit recommended an investment in research to more clearly identify measures of person‐specific additional decline for ascertaining advanced dementia, inform practice guidelines to aid clinicians and service providers and identify specific markers that signal such additional decline and progression into advanced dementia among people with various levels of pre‐existing intellectual impairment.
An Inflation‐Predicting Measure of the Output Gap in the Euro Area
Authors: JAROCIŃSKI MAREK , LENZA MICHELE 
Published: May 2018

AbstractUsing a small Bayesian dynamic factor model of the euro area, we estimate the deviations of output from its trend that are consistent with the behavior of inflation. We label these deviations the output gap. In order to pin down the features of the model, we evaluate the accuracy of real‐time inflation forecasts from different model specifications. The version that forecasts inflation best implies that after the 2011 sovereign debt crisis, the output gap in the euro area has been much larger than the official estimates. Versions featuring a secular stagnation‐like slowdown in trend growth, and hence a small output gap after 2011, do not adequately capture the inflation developments.
Sovereign to Corporate Risk Spillovers
Authors: AUGUSTIN PATRICK , BOUSTANIFAR HAMID , BRECKENFELDER JOHANNES , SCHNITZLER JAN 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe first Greek bailout on April 11, 2010 triggered a significant reevaluation of sovereign credit risk across Europe. We exploit this event to examine the transmission of sovereign to corporate credit risk. A 10% increase in sovereign credit risk raises corporate credit risk on average by 1.1% after the bailout. The evidence is suggestive of risk spillovers from sovereign to corporate credit risk through a financial and a fiscal channel, as the effects are more pronounced for firms that are bank or government dependent. We find no support for indirect risk transmission through a deterioration of macroeconomic fundamentals.
The Efficacy of Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy and Behavioral Couples Therapy: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Rathgeber Maren , Bürkner Paul‐Christian , Schiller Eva‐Maria , Holling Heinz 
Published: May 2018

Behavioral couple therapy (BCT) and emotionally focused couples therapy (EFCT) are well‐established treatments to reduce couple distress. This meta‐analysis summarizes the current state of knowledge on the efficacy of these two therapy methods by focusing on randomized controlled trials only. A literature search revealed 33 suitable primary studies (2,730 participants in total), all of them measuring relationship satisfaction. Robust‐variance random‐effects meta‐analysis revealed medium effect sizes at post‐test (overall: g = 0.60; BCT: g = 0.53; EFCT: g = 0.73) and small effect sizes of 6 months after treatment (overall: g = 0.44; BCT: g = 0.35; EFCT: g = 0.66), but these gains were not maintained after 12 months (BCT only: g = 0.06). Between the two therapy methods, no significant effect size differences could be found. Results have to be interpreted with caution due to potential publication bias.
Improving self‐management for persons with Parkinson's disease through education focusing on management of daily life: Patients’ and relatives’ experience of the Swedish National Parkinson School
Authors: Hellqvist Carina , Dizdar Nil , Hagell Peter , Berterö Carina , Sund‐Levander Märta 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAims and objectiveTo identify and describe experiences valuable for managing daily life after participation in the NPS self‐management intervention. The second part was to explore the applicability of the Self‐ and family management framework by Grey and colleagues for persons with Parkinson's Disease and their relatives.BackgroundThe impact of PD is evident on the lives of both patients and relatives. The National Parkinson School (NPS) is a Swedish self‐management programme designed for patients and relatives, aiming at teaching strategies helpful for the ability of self‐management, in order to promote life satisfaction.DesignQualitative explorative with inductive and deductive analysis.MethodsFive group discussions with NPS participants were audio‐recorded. Verbatim transcriptions were analysed inductively with thematic analysis according to Braun and Clarke, and the findings were then applied deductively to the existing model for patients with chronic disease.ResultsThrough the first step of inductive analysis, three themes capturing the meaning, value and experience of being a participant at the NPS were identified: exchanging experiences and feeling support, adjustment and acceptance of PD for managing daily life and promoting life satisfaction. The deductive analysis applied the inductive findings to the Self‐ and family management framework of chronically ill to explore the fit to persons with PD and relatives attending the NPS programme.ConclusionsThe NPS programme is a promising approach for helping persons with PD and their relatives to achieve better self‐management of disease and improved life satisfaction. Further evaluations of programme outcomes in clinical practice are warranted.Relevance of clinical practiceSelf‐management programmes like the NPS is a promising approach in facilitating a positive mindset and outlook on life and gain knowledge to understand, adapt and handle chronic disease, such as PD, better.
Tongue pressure measurement in children with mouth‐breathing behaviour
Authors: Azevedo N. D. , Lima J. C. , Furlan R. M. M. M. , Motta A. R. 
Published: May 2018

SummaryThe tongue plays an important role in oral functions. Reduced tongue strength is often noted among children with mouth‐breathing behaviour. The purposes of this study were to measure the tongue pressure in children with mouth‐breathing behaviour, to compare these values to those of children with nasal‐breathing behaviour and to analyse the relationship between age and tongue pressure in children with a mouth‐breathing pattern and in children with a nasal‐breathing pattern. In this cross‐sectional analytical observational study, we enroled 40 children aged 5‐12 years who either exhibited mouth‐breathing behaviour (n = 20) or nasal‐breathing behaviour (gender‐ and age‐matched [±2 years] controls; n = 20). Tongue pressure was evaluated using the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument; 3 measurements were recorded for each participant, with a 30‐seconds rest interval. The average tongue pressure in the mouth‐breathing group was lower than that in the nasal‐breathing group. There was no difference in tongue pressure between genders. There was a strong and direct correlation between tongue pressure and age in the nasal‐breathing group. The breathing pattern impacts tongue pressure development.
Differential diagnosis of jaw pain using informatics technology
Authors: Nam Y. , Kim H.‐G. , Kho H.‐S. 
Published: May 2018

SummaryThis study aimed to deduce evidence‐based clinical clues that differentiate temporomandibular disorders (TMD)‐mimicking conditions from genuine TMD by text mining using natural language processing (NLP) and recursive partitioning. We compared the medical records of 29 patients diagnosed with TMD‐mimicking conditions and 290 patients diagnosed with genuine TMD. Chief complaints and medical histories were preprocessed via NLP to compare the frequency of word usage. In addition, recursive partitioning was used to deduce the optimal size of mouth opening, which could differentiate TMD‐mimicking from genuine TMD groups. The prevalence of TMD‐mimicking conditions was more evenly distributed across all age groups and showed a nearly equal gender ratio, which was significantly different from genuine TMD. TMD‐mimicking conditions were caused by inflammation, infection, hereditary disease and neoplasm. Patients with TMD‐mimicking conditions frequently used “mouth opening limitation” (P < .001), but less commonly used words such as “noise” (P < .001) and “temporomandibular joint” (P < .001) than patients with genuine TMD. A diagnostic classification tree on the basis of recursive partitioning suggested that 12.0 mm of comfortable mouth opening and 26.5 mm of maximum mouth opening were deduced as the most optimal mouth‐opening cutoff sizes. When the combined analyses were performed based on both the text mining and clinical examination data, the predictive performance of the model was 96.6% with 69.0% sensitivity and 99.3% specificity in predicting TMD‐mimicking conditions. In conclusion, this study showed that AI technology‐based methods could be applied in the field of differential diagnosis of orofacial pain disorders.
Meta‐analysis of brain mechanisms of chewing and clenching movements
Authors: Lin C‐S. 
Published: May 2018

SummaryFunctional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is widely used for investigating brain activation patterns associated with chewing and clenching movements. Whether studies consistently identify similar brain loci engaged in these movements remains unknown. We investigated the consistency with which specific brain loci were reported to be activated during teeth‐occluding movements, using the activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta‐analysis. Twenty fMRI studies that used fMRI to investigate brain activation during a chewing or clenching task in healthy participants were included. Data from the selected studies were pooled, and ALE methods were used to estimate the likelihood of finding a locus associated with the movements. We found that (i) The bilateral primary motor cortex/supplementary motor area/thalamus, the right primary somatosensory cortex (S1)/secondary somatosensory cortex and the posterior cerebellum (lobule VI) have been identified as reliable loci that show consistently activation when teeth occlude. (ii) The right S1 showed a significant likelihood of activation associated with both chewing and clenching, while the left S1 showed a greater likelihood of activation in chewing than in clenching. (iii) Both younger and older participants showed a significant likelihood of activation in the cerebellum. No significant cluster was identified in the contrast analysis. The fMRI studies reliably identified the sensorimotor cortex, the thalamus and the cerebellum as brain loci associated with chewing and clenching and illustrated a differential activation pattern between chewing and clenching. These findings support the use of fMRI as a potential tool for assessing brain activation patterns related to oral sensorimotor functions in humans.
Complexities in the spatial scope of agglomeration economies
Authors: Verstraten Paul , Verweij Gerard , Zwaneveld Peter J. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis paper argues that the spatial scope of agglomeration economies is more complex than is often assumed in the literature. We provide insight into this issue by showing that agglomeration on short distances (<5 km) does not significantly affect wages, whereas it has a significant and positive effect on medium distances (5–10 km). This effect attenuates rapidly across geographic space, becoming insignificant after 40–80 km. We offer several explanations for this observed distance decay pattern. The results do not imply, however, that nearby agglomeration is irrelevant to the wage formation: only highly urbanized areas benefit from agglomeration on longer distances. Furthermore, this article finds no evidence that foreign economic mass affects wages in the Netherlands, which suggests that national borders are still a substantial barrier for economic interaction.
Impact of consumer associations, emotions, and appropriateness for use on food acceptability: A CATA and liking evaluation of vegetable and berry beverages
Authors: Waehrens Sandra S. , Grønbeck Marlene S. , Olsen Karsten , Byrne Derek V. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWith increasing attention toward understanding underlying factors of food acceptability, it was investigated how different sensory profiles of berry and vegetable beverages impacted consumers' associations, emotions, view of appropriateness, and consequently liking acquisition. In total, 216 (F = 161, M = 55) subjects (18–66 years) participated in a CATA and liking evaluation. The beverages evoked associations, emotions, and appropriateness for use and these varied with changes of the perceptual properties of the product. Thus, CATA was an appropriate method to collect information about consumer responses beyond liking. Health was most frequently used to describe the beverages. However, associations related to excitement (delicious, good, and summery) and sensory perception (refreshing, mild, and fresh made) of the beverages had the largest influence on liking acquisition with delicious being most influential.Practical implicationsCATA including consumers' associations, emotions, and appropriateness for use questions was a suitable and valuable method for gathering information on consumer responses in order to move beyond basic liking indications. The outcome highlighted the importance of sensory quality, as the consumers found deliciousness more important for food acceptability than health when evaluating beverages.
Data analyses of a multiple‐samples sensory ranking test and its duplicated test: A review
Authors: Carabante Kennet M. , Prinyawiwatkul Witoon 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA multiple‐samples ranking test is a quick, simple, and useful tool to assess differences in preference or sensory attribute intensity among multiple products. In this test, each panelist evaluates and ranks a complete set of samples once, generating one vector of multiple dependent data. To fit this ordinal dependency, the nonparametric Friedman's test is required. Duplicated ranking tests require a statistical analysis method that accounts for an additional level of dependency between duplicates. The study of duplicated ranking testing has not received much attention until recently. This review discusses historical development of methods and statistical analysis of sensory ranking tests, leading to current practices, alternative procedures including duplicated ranking testing, some factors that induce errors, and statistical considerations for the duplicated multiple‐samples ranking test.Practical applicationsA multiple‐samples sensory ranking test has been used to compare multiple samples on the basis of ranks of preference or attribute intensity. Most of the applications of sensory ranking tests include early product sorting or screening in a product development process, studies in which children and elderly are target subjects, and descriptive panel screening. In some cases, to reduce the number of subjects, time and cost, duplicated ranking tests are performed and data are analyzed using the nonparametric Friedman's test, not taking into consideration additional dependency between duplicates. Duplicated ranking testing can be beneficial if data analysis is properly handled, which is discussed in this review article.
Effects of melatonin on thymic and oxidative stress dysfunctions during Trypanosoma cruzi infection
Authors: Brazão Vânia , Colato Rafaela Pravato , Santello Fabricia Helena , Vale Gabriel Tavares do , Gonzaga Natália de Almeida , Tirapelli Carlos Renato , Prado José Clóvis do 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAlthough the exact etiology of Chagas disease is not completely elucidated, thymic atrophy and oxidative stress are believed to be important contributors to the pathogenesis during acute Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) infection. We hypothesized that exogenous melatonin, administered by gavage (5 mg/kg, p.o., gavage) to young (5 weeks old) and middle‐aged (18 months old) male Wistar rats, would modulate thymic oxidative damage and reverse the age‐related thymus regression during T. cruzi acute infection. Increased levels of superoxide anion (O2−) were detected in the thymus of infected animals, and treatment with melatonin reverted this response. We found reduced TBARS levels as well as a significant increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the thymus of all middle‐aged melatonin‐treated animals, infected or not with T. cruzi. Furthermore, melatonin increased the thymic expression of SOD1 and SOD2 in middle‐aged control animals. Nox2 expression was not affected by melatonin treatment in young or middle‐aged animals. Melatonin reverted the age‐related thymic regression as revealed by the increase in thymus weight, total number of thymocytes, and reduction in age‐related accumulation of double‐negative thymocytes. This is the first report to directly examine the effects of melatonin treatment on the thymic antioxidant/oxidant status and thymic changes during T. cruzi infection. Our results revealed new antioxidant features that turn melatonin a potentially useful compound for the treatment of Chagas disease, a condition in which an excessive oxidative damage occurs.
Quality Choice and Product Differentiation in Monopoly Theory: An Application to the Puritan Church
Authors: Mixon Franklin G. , Upadhyaya Kamal P. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractFrench engineer and transport economist Jules Dupuit (1804–1866) conjectured more than 150 years ago that, in the context of a three‐part tariff concerning French railroads, a discriminating monopolist will find it most profitable to distort product (service) quality at each of the two ends of the quality spectrum in order to prevent consumers in the middle class (i.e., the second of three classes) from defecting to either end (i.e., first or third class). This study extends a branch of the literature on the economics of religion by arguing that 17th‐century Puritan theologians in colonial America used, in a way that is consistent with Dupuit's insights, Puritan religious doctrines related to eternal salvation and witchcraft to distort the quality, at both ends of the quality spectrum in a three‐part tariff construct, of the religious services they provided to their parishioners. In doing so, we employ economic modeling from seminal studies of the medieval Roman Catholic Church.
Using the Number Line to Promote Understanding of Fractions for Struggling Fifth Graders: A Formative Pilot Study
Authors: Schumacher Robin F. , Jayanthi Madhavi , Gersten Russell , Dimino Joseph , Spallone Samantha , Haymond Kelly S. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA formative pilot study of a fractions intervention was conducted to address the intervention's potential for improving fifth‐grade struggling students’ knowledge of fractions, and to identify any logistical or instructional design issues, before scaling up for a randomized control trial. In the first section, we provide details of the formative pilot study and present preliminary data that demonstrate the potential of the intervention. Intervention lessons—adapted from a commercially available program—emphasize consistent use of the number line in conjunction with concrete representations to scaffold learning and facilitate understanding of grade‐level and foundational fractions content. We explain how intervention revisions were guided by the formative evaluation. In the second section, we present key concepts that distinguish understanding fractions principles from understanding whole number principles. These concepts relate to understanding foundations of fractions (e.g., magnitude, equivalence, part‐whole, and measurement) and the four operations. We present these key concepts and show how the fractions intervention addressed them as a guide to practitioners for teaching new and difficult fractions content, as students integrate fractions understanding with their understanding of whole numbers.