bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low‐intensity pulsed ultrasound promotes bone morphogenic protein 9‐induced osteogenesis and suppresses inhibitory effects of inflammatory cytokines on cellular responses via Rho‐associated kinase 1 in human periodontal ligament fibroblasts
Authors: Kusuyama Joji , Nakamura Toshiaki , Ohnishi Tomokazu , Albertson Brent G. , Ebe Yukari , Eiraku Nahoko , Noguchi Kazuyuki , Matsuguchi Tetsuya 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPeriodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLFs) have osteogenic capacity, producing bone matrix proteins. Application of bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) to PDLFs is a promising approach for periodontal regeneration. However, in chronic bone metabolic disorders, such as periodontitis, proper control of accompanying inflammation is essential for optimizing the effects of BMPs on PDLFs. We have previously shown that low‐intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS), a medical technology that induces mechanical stress using sound waves, significantly promotes osteogenesis in mesenchymal stem cells. Here, we demonstrate that LIPUS promotes the BMP9‐induced osteogenic differentiation of PDLFs. In contrast, BMP2‐induced osteogenic differentiation was not altered by LIPUS, probably due to the LIPUS‐induced secretion of Noggin, a BMP2 antagonist, from PDLFs. To examine if LIPUS affects inflammatory responses of PDLFs to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) derived from Porphyromonas gingivalis (LPS‐PG), we also simultaneously treated PDLFs with LIPUS and LPS‐PG. Treatment with LIPUS significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of ERKs, TANK‐binding kinase 1, and interferon regulatory factor 3 in LPS‐PG‐stimulated PDLFs, in addition to inhibiting the degradation of IκB. Furthermore, LIPUS treatment reduced messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of interleukin‐1alpha (IL‐1alpha), IL‐1beta, IL‐6, IL‐8, C‐C motif chemokine ligand 2, C‐X‐C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL1), CXCL10 and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa‐B ligand, and also diminished IL‐1ß and tumor necrosis factor a (TNFa)‐induced inflammatory reactions. Phosphorylation of Rho‐associated kinase 1 (ROCK1) was induced by LIPUS, while ROCK1‐specific inhibitor prevented the promotive effects of LIPUS on p38 phosphorylation, mRNA expression of CXCL1 and Noggin, and osteogenesis. The suppressive effects of LIPUS on LPS‐PG‐stimulated inflammatory reactions were also prevented by ROCK1 inhibition. Moreover, LIPUS treatment blocked inhibitory effects of LPS‐PG and IL‐1ß on osteogenesis. These results indicate that LIPUS suppresses inflammatory effects of LPS‐PG, IL‐1ß, and TNFa and also promotes BMP9‐induced osteogenesis through ROCK1 in PDLFs.
Retracted: Sapylin inhibits lung cancer cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis by attenuating PI3K/AKT signaling
Authors: Zhang Lin , Liu Benhong 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSapylin (OK‐432) revealed biological properties in cancers. In this study, the effect of sapylin on lung cancer cell A549 was investigated. A549 cell lines were treated with sapylin (0.1, 0.5, and 1 KE/mL) for different time intervals. A549 cell proliferation and apoptosis was determined using 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyl‐2H‐tetrazolium bromide/Ki67 assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Western blot was used to determine the expressions of proteins involved in proliferation, apoptosis, and phosphoinositide 3‐kinase/serine/threonine kinase (PI3K/AKT), Wnt3a/β‐catenin signaling pathway. Level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was insured by using the ROS kit. Sapylin inhibited A549 cell viability and the expressions of proliferation‐related proteins (cyclin E1 and D1) in dose‐ and time‐dependent manners. Sapylin promoted apoptosis in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manners. Sapylin also promoted the expressions of apoptotic proteins (cleaved caspase‐3 and 8) in dose‐ and time‐dependent manners. Furthermore, sapylin increased the intracellular concentration of ROS in a dose‐dependent manner. Besides, the high expression of ROS level might induce inhibition of cell viability and increase cell apoptosis. The mechanistic study revealed that sapylin inactivated the PI3K/AKT and Wnt3a/β‐catenin signaling pathways. Our findings suggest that sapylin inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis in lung cancer cells, thus providing a new theoretical basis for the treatment of lung cancer.
SP1 regulates KLF4 via SP1 binding motif governed by DNA methylation during odontoblastic differentiation of human dental pulp cells
Authors: Sun Zheyi , Yu Shuaitong , Chen Shuo , Liu Huan , Chen Zhi 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjectiveDNA methylation is a critical epigenetic modulation in regulating gene expression in cell differentiation process, however, its detailed molecular mechanism during odontoblastic differentiation remains elusive. We aimed to study the global effect of DNA methylation on odontoblastic differentiation and how DNA methylation affects the transactivation of transcription factor (TF) on its target gene.MethodsDNA methyltransferase (DNMTs) inhibition assay and following odontoblastic differentiation assay were performed to evaluate the effect of DNA methylation inhibition on odontoblastic differentiation. Promoter DNA methylation microarray and motif enrichment assay were performed to predict the most DNA‐methylation‐affected TF motifs during odontoblastic differentiation. The enriched target sites and motifs were further analyzed by methylation‐specific polymerase chain reaction (MS‐PCR) and sequencing. The functional target sites were validated in vitro with Luciferase assay. The regulatory effect of DNA methylation on the enriched target sites in primary human dental pulp cells and motifs were confirmed by in vitro methylation assay.ResultsInhibition of DNMTs in preodontoblast cells increased the expression level of Klf4 as well as marker genes of odontoblastic differentiation including Dmp1 and Dspp, and enhanced the efficiency of odontoblastic differentiation. SP1/KLF4 binding motifs were found to be highly enriched in the promoter regions and showed demethylation during odontoblastic differentiation. Mutation of SP1 binding site at ‐75 within KLF4′s promoter region significantly decreased the luciferase activity. The in vitro methylation of KLF4′s promoter decreased the transactivation of SP1 on KLF4.ConclusionWe confirmed that SP1 regulates KLF4 through binding site lying in a CpG island in
KLF4′s promoter region which demethylated during odontoblastic differentiation thus enhancing the efficiency of SP1′s binding and transcriptional regulation on
KLF4.
Integrative analysis of transcriptome‐wide association study data and messenger RNA expression profiles identified candidate genes and pathways for inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Cheng Bolun , Liang Xiao , Wen Yan , Li Ping , Zhang Lu , Ma Mei , Cheng Shiqiang , Du Yanan , Liu Li , Ding Miao , Zhao Yan , Zhang Feng 
Published: April 2019

AbstractInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex disease, resulting from abnormal immune response to intestinal tract microbiota in genetically susceptible individuals. Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two major types of IBD. Transcriptome‐wide association study (TWAS) of IBD was first performed using a large‐scale genome‐wide association study summary data sets of IBD. The FUSION software was applied for TWAS, considering various tissues and cells. The genes identified by TWAS were then validated by the gene expression profiling data sets of IBD. The functional annotation and potential pathways of common differentially expressed genes were further subjected to gene ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analysis. Integrative analysis of TWAS and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression data detected several tissues related common genes for UC, such as HLA‐DRB1 (PTWAS = 0.024; mRNA expression ratio = 1.700) and TAP2 in colon (P TWAS = 0.047; mRNA expression ratio = 2.170). Further comparing the GO enrichment analysis results of TWAS and mRNA expression data, we identified 11 common GO terms for UC, such as plasma membrane (P value = 5.08 × 10−10) in intestinal tissues and immune response (P = 0.001) in peripheral blood. We also detected several common pathways for UC, including cell adhesion molecules (P = 0.003) in intestinal tissues, IBD (P = 0.049) in whole blood and phagosome (P = 0.0003) in peripheral blood. Our study results provide novel clues for understanding the genetic mechanism of IBD.
Organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticides and bladder cancer: A case‐control study
Authors: Mortazavi Neda , Asadikaram Gholamreza , Ebadzadeh Mohammad‐Reza , Kamalati Ali , Pakmanesh Hamid , Dadgar Reza , Moazed Vahid , Paydar Parisa , Fallah Hossein , Abolhassani Moslem 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundExposure to pesticides is associated with an increase in the incidence of cancer. We aimed to investigate the association of serum organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) levels and GSTM1/GSTT1 gene polymorphism with bladder cancer (BC).MethodsThis study was performed on 57 patients with BC and 30 controls (C). Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, arylesterase activity of paraoxonase‐1 (ARE), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were determined in serums of all participants. Genomic DNA was extracted using the salting out method and GSTM1/GSTT1 gene polymorphisms were examined by multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay. Measurement of OCPs (α‐hexachlorocyclohexane [α‐HCH], β‐HCH, γ‐HCH, 2,4‐dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane [2,4‐DDT], 4,4‐DDT, 2,4‐ dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene [2,4‐DDE], and 4,4‐DDE) in serum was carried out using an FID‐equipped gas‐chromatography system.ResultsAChE activity was significantly lower, ARE activity and TAC were declined but it was not statistically significant, however, α‐HCH, γ‐HCH, 4,4‐DDE, 2,4‐DDT, and 4,4‐DDT pesticides, and MDA were significantly higher in BC patients compared with the control subjects. Also, a positive correlation was found between the number of smoked cigarettes and the years of smoking with BC development. There was no association between GSTM1/GSTT1 gene polymorphisms and OCPs in BC patients.ConclusionDue to the higher levels of some OCPs in the BC patients, along with the reduction in AChE activity and increased MDA levels, it may be concluded that OCPs and OPs play an important role in the induction of BC in southeastern Iran.
Pantoprazole attenuates tumorigenesis via inhibition of exosomal secretion in a rat model of hepatic precancerous lesion induced by diethylnitrosamine and 2‐acetamidofluorene
Authors: Matboli Marwa , ElGwad Asmaa Abd , Hasanin Amany H. , El‐Tawdi Ahmed , Habib Eman K. , Elmansy Rasha Ahmed` , Ibrahim Doaa , Shehata Hanan , Tash Fathy 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe present study aimed to evaluate the potential therapeutic effect of pantoprazole, a proton‐pump inhibitor, on precancerous lesion (PCL) in rats. diethylnitrosamine and 2‐acetylaminofluorene were used to induce PCL in rats, in vivo. The rats were treated with three doses of pantoprazole (100, 50, and 25  mg/kg; three times weekly) during the last 4 weeks of the total 10 weeks of the experiment. Blood and liver tissue samples were collected for measurement of the exosomal abundance and exosomal competing endogenous RNA markers. Results revealed that pantoprazole administration had an ameliorating effect on liver function tests and microscopic features of the liver; and decreased exosome abundance in the liver tissue samples and sera of the rats. Meanwhile, the treatment also resulted in a dose‐dependent decrease in exosomal RAB11A mRNA and long noncoding RNA RP11‐513I15.6, which is an important participant in th exosomal secretion process with an increase in exosomal miRNA‐1262. Based on these results, we postulated that pantoprazole has the potential to attenuate liver tumorigenesis in this rat model.
Assessing therapist development: Reliability and validity of the Supervisee Levels Questionnaire (SLQ‐R)
Authors: Junga Yvonne M. , Witthöft Michael , Weck Florian 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundTherapist development is a crucial target for clinical training in order to ensure high‐quality psychotherapy. A major challenge in examining therapeutic development is the assessment of developmental processes. The Supervisee Levels Questionnaire (SLQ‐R) was analyzed in this study to examine its validity, reliability, and underlying dimensional structure.MethodSeven hundred and sixty therapists participated in an online survey concerning their current psychotherapy training. The factor structure as well as the validity of the SLQ‐R were investigated using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis.ResultsIn line with the results of the exploratory factor analyses, a Bifactor ESEM (exploratory structural equation modeling) model with two factors and one global factor provided the best fit to the data. The two factors were labeled professional self‐confidence and professional insecurity.ConclusionEmpirical support for reliability and validity of the new factor structure of the SLQ‐R was found. The instrument is useful for assessing the therapist's developmental level.
Predicting therapist ratings of treatment progress and outcomes with the MMPI‐2‐RF
Authors: Tylicki Jessica L. , Martin‐Fernandez Katy W. , Ben‐Porath Yossef S. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjectiveWe examined the ability of scores on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory–2—Restructured Form (MMPI‐2‐RF) scales to predict treatment progress (compliance and activity in therapy) and outcome at termination (success in therapy, readiness for termination, and functioning at termination).MethodOur sample included 448 (185 males, 263 females) community mental health center outpatients with an average age of 32.2 years (standard deviation = 10.2). We used MMPI‐2‐RF (self‐report) indicators of personality and psychopathology and a composite outcome variable that represents therapist ratings of clients’ treatment progress and outcomes.ResultsScores on several MMPI‐2‐RF scales were correlated and associated with increased risk for poorer psychotherapy progress and outcomes in a mental health outpatient sample.ConclusionsClinicians can utilize the MMPI‐2‐RF to identify clients at risk for therapy process challenges and adverse outcomes, suggesting possible problem areas for intervention.
Melatonin improves functional recovery in female rats after acute spinal cord injury by modulating polarization of spinal microglial/macrophages
Authors: Zhang Yan , Liu Zongjian , Zhang Wenxiu , Wu Qichao , Zhang Yanjun , Liu Yadong , Guan Yun , Chen Xueming 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSpinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating neurological disorder, but few drugs have proven to be effective for its treatment. Neuroinflammation exaggerates the secondary injury subsequent to trauma. Emerging evidence suggests that melatonin may help protect neural tissue against secondary injury after SCI, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Microglial/macrophages polarization plays an important role in regulating immune responses. To examine whether melatonin exerts neuroprotective effects after acute SCI by regulating microglial/macrophages polarization in the spinal cord, we administered intraperitoneal injections of melatonin (50 mg/kg) in female rats immediately after SCI and then daily for seven consecutive days (n = 6). Compared with the vehicle‐treated group (n = 6), the melatonin‐treated group exhibited a greater Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan locomotor rating score, smaller spinal cavity, and less cleaved caspase 3 immunofluorescence staining in the injured spinal segments. Real‐time PCR data revealed decreases in the expression levels of M1 microglia phenotypic markers and increases in M2 markers in the spinal cord of melatonin‐treated SCI rats, as compared to levels in the vehicle‐treated group. Melatonin increased the number of CD206+ and Arg1+ cells, decreased the number of CD16+ and iNOS+ cells and reduced the levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines (TNF‐α, IL‐6, and IL‐1β) in the spinal cord tissue of female SCI rats. Current findings suggest that melatonin may inhibit pro‐inflammatory responses and promote M2 polarization of microglial/macrophages in the spinal cord in the early stage of SCI, facilitating functional recovery. Accordingly, melatonin may represent a promising therapeutic candidate for acute SCI.
Thermal rate constant for the C(3P) + OH(X2Π) → CO(X1Σ) + H(2S) reaction using stochastic energy grained master equation method
Authors: Albernaz Alessandra F. , da Silva Washington B. , Barreto Patricia R. P. , Correa Eberth 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn the present work, the kinetic mechanism of the reaction is studied. The rate constants were determined using the Master Equation Solver for Multi‐Energy Well Reactions (MESMER). The master equation modeling was also employed to examine the pressure dependence for each pathway involved. The theoretical analysis shows that the overall rate coefficient is practically independent of pressure up to 100 Torr for the temperature range 125‐500 K. The unusual dependence of the overall rate constant with temperature was fit with the d‐Arrhenius expression , where cm3molecule−1s−1, , and kJ·mol−1, for 125⩽ T ⩽ 500 K. The thermal rate constant results are in relatively good agreement with other theoretical studies.
Susceptibility of algae to Cr toxicity reveals contrasting metal management strategies
Authors: Wilson Will , Zhang Qiong , Rickaby Rosalind E. M. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAt the Paleozoic–Mesozoic boundary, the dominance of marine eukaryotic algae shifted from the green (chlorophyllb) to the red (chlorophyllc) superfamily. Selection pressures caused by the bioavailability of trace metals associated with increasing oxygenation of the ocean may have played a key role in this algal revolution. From a scan of elemental compositions, a significant difference in the cellular Cr/P quota was found between the two superfamilies. Here, the different responses to high levels of Cr exposure reveal contrasting strategies for metal uptake and homeostasis in these algal lineages. At high Cr(VI) concentrations, red lineages experience growth inhibition through reduced photosynthetic capability, while green lineages are completely unaffected. Moreover, Cr(VI) has a more significant impact on the metallomes of red lineage algae, in which metal/P ratios increased with increasing Cr(VI) concentration for many trace elements. Green algae have higher specificity transporters to prevent Cr(VI) from entering the cell, and more specific intracellular stores of Cr within the membrane fraction than the red algae, which accumulate more Cr mistakenly in the cytosol fraction via lower affinity transport mechanisms. Green algal approaches require greater nutrient investments in the more numerous transport proteins required and management of specific metals, a strategy better adapted to the resource‐rich coastal waters. By contrast, the red algae are nutrient‐efficient with fewer and less discriminate metal transporters, which can be fast and better adapted in the oligotrophic, oxygenated open ocean, which has prevailed since the deepening of the oxygen minimum zones at the start of the Mesozoic era.
Technical Note: The first live treatment on a 1.0 Tesla inline MRI‐linac
Authors: Liney Gary P. , Jelen Urszula , Byrne Hilary , Dong Bin , Roberts Tara L. , Kuncic Zdenka , Keall Paul 
Published: April 2019

PurposeThis work describes the first live imaging and radiation delivery performed on a prototype 1.0 T inline MRI‐Linac system in a rat brain tumor model, which was conducted on 29 January 2019.MethodsA human scale 1.0 T MRI‐Linac was adapted to be suitable for animal studies via a specially constructed open 6‐channel receiver radiofrequency (RF) coil. A Fischer rat injected with 9L glioma cells in the right hemisphere was imaged and irradiated at day 11 post surgery as part of a larger cohort survival study. The rat was anesthetized and positioned at the iscocenter of the MRI‐Linac. Imaging was used to localize the brain and confirm the presence of a tumor following the administration of a gadolinium nanoparticle contrast agent. A single dose of 10 Gy was delivered using a 2.25 cm × 2.90 cm radiation field covering the whole brain and verified with radiosensitive film in situ. Real‐time imaging was used throughout the irradiation period to monitor the animal and target position.ResultsThe signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) measured in the rat brain was 38. Postcontrast imaging was able to demonstrate a tumor of 5 mm diameter in the upper right hemisphere of the brain approximately 45 min after administration of the nanoparticles. The radiation beam had no impact on SNR and images at the rate of 2 Hz were effective in monitoring both respiration and intrafractional motion. In vivo film dosimetry confirmed the intended dose delivery. The total procedure time was 35 min.ConclusionsWe have successfully used MRI guidance to localize and subsequently deliver a radiation field to the whole brain of a rat with a right hemispheric tumor. Real‐time imaging during beam on was of sufficient quality to monitor breathing and perform exception gating of the treatment. This represents the first live use of a high field inline MRI‐Linac.
GPR Investigations at St John's Co‐Cathedral in Valletta
Authors: Persico Raffaele , D'Amico Sebastiano , Matera Loredana , Colica Emanuele , De Giorgio Cynthia , Alescio Adriana , Sammut Charles , Galea Pauline 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTThe Cathedral of St John in Valetta, Malta, represents a unique monument of historical importance. In this paper, we present the results of a detailed ground penetrating radar campaign performed in this Cathedral. The campaign was aimed at investigating the distribution of buried tombs under the mosaic floor of the main nave and of the lateral chapels of the Co‐Cathedral. The floor of the church shows a continuity of grave inscriptions in the main nave as well as in all lateral chapels. It was suspected, based on available historical documents, that only a part of the present‐day inscriptions corresponds to the original sepultures or tombs. The ground penetrating radar results presented here further highlight this conjecture and offer additional information regarding this important monument.
The Mediating Role of Brown Fat and Skeletal Muscle Measured by 18F‐Fluorodeoxyglucose in the Thermoregulatory System in Young Adults
Authors: Martinez‐Tellez Borja , Adelantado‐Renau Mireia , Acosta Francisco M. , Sanchez‐Delgado Guillermo , Martinez‐Nicolas Antonio , Boon Mariëtte R. , Llamas‐Elvira Jose M. , Martinez‐Vizcaino Vicente , Ruiz Jonatan R. 
Published: April 2019

ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine whether brown adipose tissue (BAT) or skeletal muscle activity mediates the relationship between personal level of environmental temperature (Personal‐ET) and wrist skin temperature (WT). Moreover, we examined whether BAT and skeletal muscle have a mediating role between Personal‐ET and WT (as a proxy of peripheral vasoconstriction/vasodilation).MethodsThe levels of BAT were quantified by cold‐induced 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose–positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan and measured the Personal‐ET and WT by using iButtons (Maxim Integrated, Dallas, Texas) in 75 participants (74.6% women).ResultsThe study found that BAT volume and metabolic activity played a positive and significant role (up to 25.4%) in the association between Personal‐ET and WT. In addition, at the coldest temperatures, the participants with lower levels of WT (inducing higher peripheral vasoconstriction) had higher levels of BAT outcomes, whereas in warm temperatures, participants with higher levels of WT (inducing higher peripheral vasodilation) had lower levels of BAT outcomes. The study did not find any mediating role of skeletal muscle activity.ConclusionsBAT volume and metabolic activity play a role in the relationship between Personal‐ET and WT. Moreover, the data suggest that there are two distinct phenotypes: individuals who respond better to the cold, both through nonshivering thermogenesis and peripheral vasoconstriction, and individuals who respond better to the heat.