bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NF-Kappa B expression in pancreatic ductal carcinoma
Authors: TUNÇEL Deniz , BAYOL N. Ümit 
Published: February 2019

Purpose: In this study we investigated the expression of the p65 subunit of the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kB) complex and the activation status of NF-kB by phospho-IkB-alpha antibody.Materials and Methods: A tissue microarray based on material obtained from 107 patients was utilized. The antibody staining was scored by combining staining intensity with percentage of tumor staining. The antibodies used were NF-kB p65 and phospho-IkB-alpha(ser32/36), both from Cell Signaling Technology. The staining scores were correlated with the archival data available on some patients on margin and lymph node status, stage, tumor size, as well as clinical data including survival.Results: The staining was nuclear (p65) and cytoplasmic (p-IkBalpha) respectively. In general there was an increased expression and activation of NF-kB in the carcinomas, compared to non-tumoral regions. None of the markers had a significant correlation with the overall survival. NF-kB(p65) expression had a correlation with positive lymph node status.Conclusion: The correlation with the positive lymph node status suggests a role in invasive properties of the tumor. Activation of NF-kB is most likely an early event in pancreatic carcinogenesis. Despite the lack of an effect on overall survival, due to its increased activation in pancreatic cancer, NF-kB is still a good target for therapeutic interventions.
Factors affecting the quality of life among pregnant women during third trimester of pregnancy
Authors: DAĞLAR Gülseren , BİLGİÇ Dilek , AYDIN ÖZKAN Semiha 
Published: February 2019

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the factors affecting the quality of life pregnant women during the third trimester of pregnancy. Materials and Methods: The study group of this cross-sectional research comprise of the pregnant women resident in a province center in Central Anatolia. 12 neighborhoods were chosen using simple random sampling method and the pregnancy registries of the selected neighborhoods available in Family Health Centers were used. The study was performed via home visits and the research sample consisted of 742 pregnant women. “Personal Information Form” and “Quality of Life Scale” were used for data collection. Results: The physical, psychological, social and environmental field scores of the pregnant women were respectively 13.8 ± 2.5; 14.5 ± 2.3; 14.6 ± 2.8 and 14.8 ± 2.2. 13.1%, 15.9%, 10.4% and 17.4% of the pregnant women were found to have low physical, psychological, social and environmental domain quality of life sub-dimensions, respectively. Conclusion: During the third trimester of pregnancy, life qualities of pregnant women are affected by their perception of health condition, educational level, the number of gestations and deliveries they have undergone, their perception of fiscal situation, and their preparedness for parenthood.
Treatment outcomes of early stage endometrial cancer patients: single center experience
Authors: SEDEF Ali Murat , KARADUMAN Didem , BESEN Ali Ayberk , MERTSOYLU Hüseyin , KÖSE Fatih 
Published: February 2019

Purpose:Endometrium cancers are the most common
gynecological cancer type in women. Surgery is the standard treatment for women
with early stage endometrial cancer patients. The adjuvant treatment of early
stage endometrial cancer is based on the risk and expected type (local vs
systemic) of relapse. In this study, we evaluated clinicopathological
characteristics and treatment outcomes of endometrial cancer patients in our
center.Materials and Methods:This study was a hospital-based retrospective
observational case-series study. 116 patients were included in the study from Baskent University Department of Medical
Oncology and Gynecological Oncology between the years of 2009-2015. De-novo metastatic
patients were not included in the study. Results:The
median age of the patients was 58 (range 27-81) years. All of patients had
European Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance score 0 (n:116). Endometrioid
histology was the most common histopathological subtype (n:103, 88%). All
of the patients were in local and local advanced stage. The
significant percentage of patients had grade 2 tumor (n:55, 47.4%). Myometrial
invasion was less than 50% in 78 patients (67.2 %). The median follow-up time
was 61 months and 8 (6.9%) patients died. All patients underwent standard
surgical staging with standard lymphadenectomy. Overall survival (OS) was not
reached. There were 14 patients (12.1 %) and 34 patients (29.3 %) treated with
adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy, respectively.Conclusion:Though endometrial cancer is the most common
gynecological tumors in women, cure rate is very high. Relapse rate was 6 % (7
patients) and most of the relapse were local, 71.4% (5 patients).
Hybrid peripheral nerve sheath tumors
Authors: KILIÇ BAĞIR Emine , AÇIKALIN Arbil , GÖNLÜŞEN Gülfiliz , ZORLUDEMİR Suzan , DEVECİ Mehmet Ali 
Published: February 2019

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate patients formerly diagnosed as neurofibroma and schwannoma in terms of hybrid peripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNSTs) via histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, 115 patients formerly diagnosed as either neurofibroma or schwannoma were re-evaluated histopathologically. Among these patients, 32 cases which showed mixed morphology, suspicious for hybrid PNST were included in the study. Immunohistochemically, S100, CD34, EMA and ki67 were performed to these 32 cases, suspicious for hybrid PNST.Results: Based on histopathology, 32 of 115 (27.8%) cases were suspicious for hybrid PNST. By the addition of immunohistochemical staining results; 22 of 32 cases were definitely diagnosed as hybrid PNST; of which 18 (81.8%) as schwannoma-neurofibroma and, 4 (18.2%) cases as schwannoma-perineurioma. Conclusion: Hybrid PNSTs are usually benign and have distinct histopathologic and immunohistochemistry findings. In the literature, rare case reports have described local recurrence and malignant transformation in hybrid PNSTs. Therefore, further studies are needed to demonstrate the pathogenetic and prognostic significance of these tumors. Because of the risk of recurrence and malignancy potential, these tumors should be kept in mind in diagnosis of peripheral nerve sheath tumors.
Prediction of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia using umbilical cord blood bilirubin
Authors: Haridas Kiran , Shinde Rajendra , Belavadi Gangadhar 
Published: February 2019

Background: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is a common problem among newborns. Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia has a potential complication of kernicterus which is still seen in many newborns. In present study authors used umbilical cord blood bilirubin to predict the development of significant hyperbilirubinemia in the early neonatal period. The objective of this study is to evaluate the correlation between concentration of bilirubin in the cord blood and occurrence of hyperbilirubinemia in term newborns.Methods: In this prospective study authors included 500 term healthy consecutively born babies whose umbilical cord blood was collected and were followed up for first 7 days for the appearance of jaundice. The clinical assessment of jaundice was done by Kramer rule. The data was analyzed by using SPSS 17 statistical software.Results: Study found that umbilical cord blood bilirubin was 90% sensitive and 87% specific with a PPV of 75% and NPV of 92% in predicting significant neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.Conclusions: The study conducted clearly points that the use of cord blood bilirubin for identifying newborns at risk of hyperbilirubinemia helps in early detection and treatment of jaundice. There by preventing the potential complication kernicterus. This method is economical and socially acceptable. Hence cord blood bilirubin should be done on all healthy term newborns.
Prevalence of protein energy malnutrition among children: a cross sectional study
Authors: K. R. Venkatesha , Naik R. Ravikumar 
Published: February 2019

Background: In the world, hunger and malnutrition are most significant threat. Malnutrition is global risk factor for significant death among infants and pregnant woman. malnutrition increases the chances of several infections.Methods: A cross sectional study was undertaken in children age group of 1 to 18 years, suffering from protein energy malnutrition, attending Department of Paediatrics, tertiary care hospital, Bangalore during the period January 2016 to December 2016. Results: In the present study, maximum number of cases (44) belongs to age group of 1-5 years, followed by 32 cases belongs to 6-12-year age group and 24 cases belong to 13-18-year age group. Maximum cases (59) belongs to female with male female ratio is 1:1.4. In the present study out of 100 cases, 81 cases came positive for protein energy malnutrition. Out of 81 cases positive for PEM, 34 cases belong to grade I followed by 24 cases belongs to grade II, 13 cases belong to grade III and 1o cases belongs to grade IV protein-energy malnutrition (PEM).Conclusions: Malnutrition is like an iceberg, most people in the developing countries live under the burden of malnutrition.
Prospective study of spectrum, clinico-epidemiology, profile complication and outcome of pesticide poisoning in children
Authors: Rao K. Visweswara , Ramesh G. , Acharya Anand 
Published: February 2019

Background: Konaseema region of Andhra Pradesh is a rural area having well irrigated lands and rice fields. Agriculture is the major some of income, and pesticide use is high. As per one report of deccan chronicle (a daily newspaper) Andhra Pradesh and Telangana accounts for 24% share of pesticide consumption in the country. Pediatric pesticide poisoning is under reported in India as well. In this background resent study has been designed to study clinic-epidemiology, profile, complication and treatment outcome of pesticide poisoning in Konaseema region of Andhra Pradesh.Methods: In present study clinico-epidemiology, clinical profile, complication and outcome of the patient admitted in the Department of Emergency medicine and Paediatric were evaluated over a period of 12years.Results: Most of the children were above 5years of age that is 74.0% (n=40), rest were below 5years of age. Male children out numbered female children and accounted for 77.78% (n=42). Accidental poisoning was more than suicidal poisoning that is 94.59% of the patients. 9.35% patient (n=5) developed respiratory failure and required ventilator support. Non-carcinogenic pulmonary edema was present in 8 (14.81%) patients. Four patients have atropine toxicity, electrolyte in balance was found in 7.4% (n=4) patients. Acute kidney injury was present in two patients, 5.5% (n=3) patients developed cardiac arrhythmia.Conclusions: Chlorpyrifos was common agent which is responsible for poisoning most common complication in our patients were respiratory complications which required ventilatory support. Lack of information, improper disposal of container, non-existence of training and regulation is supported to the cause of accidental exposure of pesticide to paediatric patients.
A study on clinical correlation of EEG in neonates with perinatal asphyxia
Authors: Shinde Rajendra , Haridas Kiran , Shelke Madhavi , Deshmukh L. S. , Patil P. S. 
Published: February 2019

Background: Perinatal asphyxia is the most common and important cause of preventable cerebral injury occurring in the neonatal period. The WHO has estimated that 4 million babies die during the neonatal period every year. According to WHO, perinatal asphyxia is defined as the failure to initiate and sustain breathing at birth. The objective is to study the electroencephalographic changes and correlation between severity of Perinatal asphyxia with EEG changes.Methods: It is prospective observational study, which includes 40 term neonates admitted in NICU with perinatal asphyxia in GMCH Aurangabad. EEG analysis focused on background activity and classified into four categories.Results: The EEG was normal in 45%, mild abnormal in 25%, intermediate in 15%, and severely abnormal in 15%. Outcome at discharge was normal in 19(47.5%) and abnormal in 21(52.5%) including 1 death. Abnormal outcome was seen in 27% of newborns with normal EEG and 72% of abnormal EEG.Conclusions: Severity of perinatal asphyxia correlated well with abnormality of EEG. EEG changes and severity showed good correlation with immediate outcome of newborn in terms of duration of hospitalization and normal neurological examination.
A study on symptoms of children mechanically ventilated in a paediatric intensive care unit of a minimum resource setting in tertiary care centre
Authors: Ankireddy Korisipati , Jyothi K. Aruna 
Published: February 2019

Background: Mechanical ventilation, a lifesaving intervention in a critical care unit is under continuous evolution in modern era. Despite this, the management of children with invasive ventilation in developing countries with limited resources is challenging. The study analyses the clinical profile, indications, complications and duration of ventilator care in limited resource settings. Methods: A retrospective study of critically ill children mechanically ventilated in an intensive care unit of a tertiary care government hospital. Results: A total of 120 children required invasive ventilation during the study period of 1 year. Infants constituted the majority (70%), and males (65%) were marginally more than female children (35%). Respiratory failure was the most common indication for invasive ventilation (55%). The major underlying etiology for invasive ventilation was bronchopneumonia associated with septic shock (30%); and the same also required a prolonged duration of ventilation of >72 hours (35%). Prolonged ventilator support of >72 hours predisposed to more complications as well as a prolonged hospital stay of >2 weeks and above, which was statistically significant. Upper lobe atelectasis (50%) and ventilator associated pneumonia (25%) were the major complications. The mortality rate of present study population was 40% as opposed to the overall mortality of 10%. Conclusions: Present study highlights that critically ill children can be managed with mechanical ventilation even in limited resource settings. The child should be assessed clinically regarding the tolerance to extubation every day, to minimise the complications associated with prolonged ventilator support.
A study on sleep patterns and sleep problems in children aged 6 to 15 years as perceived by their parents
Authors: Tharakan Riya Mary , Shenoy K. Varadraj 
Published: February 2019

Background: The objective is to study the sleep pattern and occurrence of sleep problems in children aged 6 to 15 years, visiting the Outpatient clinic at a tertiary care hospital, as perceived by the parents and to establish the common causal association as perceived by the parents for developing sleep problems. Methods: The study design was based on the descriptive study. The duration of the study was from 1st June to 31st July. Data was collected from all the children visiting the Pediatric OPD and those who are admitted, Department of Pediatrics, Father Muller Medical College. Sample size: convenient sampling. Considering the prevalence of sleep disturbance in children as 10%, estimated error of 5% and confidence interval of 5%, sample size was 139. Children who followed the inclusion and exclusion criteria were considered for the study. Informed consent was taken from the parent. Relevant details were asked to the parents of the child and a pre-designed proforma was filled by the investigator accordingly. SDSC questionnaire was used and a cut off score of 39 was considered.Results: Out of the 140 children who completed the survey, 48% of the children had sleep disturbances. The most common was disorder of initiating and maintaining sleep. The most common association was with need for accompaniment, followed by use of gadgets. The prevalence of sleep disorders is underestimated, and it is important to recognize them early.Conclusions: The increasing use of electronic gadgets could be a possible cause of sleep disturbances, which suggests that the exposure of children to these gadgets maybe reduced.
A qualitative study on experiences of mothers about control of diarrhoea of their children
Authors: Barik Kanai Lal , Paul Uttam Kumar 
Published: February 2019

Background: Diarrheal disease poses a significant problem to the health, wellbeing and survival of children of less than five-year age group and is the second leading cause of mortality. Most of the deaths are due to dehydration and it can be preventable by proper and timely use of oral rehydration salt solution (ORS). There is lack of awareness among the mothers about the appropriate use of ORS during diarrhea of children. So, authors have tried to find out the experiences of the mothers about the management of diarrhea of their children.Methods: The study is one of qualitative descriptive type involving 27 mothers of children who are suffering from diarrhoea in face to face in depth interviews (IDI).Results: The mothers of children were within the age group of 21 to 34 years of age group. On the basis of qualitative data analysis, the present study shows the data related to childhood diarrhea can be classified under six themes. The themes are : 'Perception of the participant mothers about the diarrhea of their babies', 'Measures taken by the mothers to combat diarrhea at home', 'How Oral rehydration salt solution is applied by the mothers', 'How Oral rehydration salt solution is beneficial', 'How Oral rehydration salt solution is causing undesirable effects on the baby' and 'What additional measures taken to control diarrhea of the baby'.Conclusions: There are several misconceptions and lack of awareness of the mothers about management of diarrhoea. However, it is possible to create awareness among them so that they can take all suitable measures to control diarrhoea.
Estimation of coverage of pulse polio immunization round on 28th January 2018
Authors: Mahajan Zubin Ajay , Mehta Sameera Rajendra , Bafna Tanvi Ajay , P. S. Narula A. 
Published: February 2019

Background: India accounted for more than 50% of polio cases globally. India therefore started the intensive pulse polio immunization (IPPI) in 1995. The national immunization days (NID) were on 28th January and 11th March 2018. The objectives of this study were to determine the completeness of pulse polio immunization round on 28th January 2018, to evaluate the reasons for non-compliance of the community towards the vaccination round, to assess the demographic profile amongst the unvaccinated children.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 570 children of zero-five years were checked in major areas of Pune that is Katraj Zoo, Swargate, Saras baug and a school in Dhankawadi. The data was collected after the first round of PPI by viewing the ink mark on the left little finger nail of the child or by interviewing the parents. SIA monitoring chart was used to assess the completeness of immunization campaign. Statistical analysis: Microsoft Excel were used to calculate percentages.Results: Out of 570, 69 (12.1%) were unvaccinated with the highest number seen in nursery that is 28 (40.6%). Amongst the unvaccinated (n=69), 40 (57.9%) were males. In the unvaccinated children (n=69), 13 (18.84%) and 56 (81.15%) belonged to age group of zero-two years and two-five years respectively. Reasons for being unvaccinated were 29(42%) parents were unaware of time and place of PPI, 21 (30.4%) were outside Pune and 19 (27.5%) were unwilling due to false beliefs..Conclusions: Awareness should be increased about benefits of PPI through mass media, local leaders and teachers to enhance community participation. The authorities’ in charge of the PPI should be informed regarding areas lacking significant coverage so that they can be concentrated upon during subsequent PPI rounds ultimately contributing to eradicate poliomyelitis.
Clinicopathologic study of Kikuchi’s disease in children in a tertiary hospital in South India
Authors: Punnen Anu , . Kanagalakshmi , Manipadam Marie Therese , Verghese Valsan Philip , Mathew Leni Grace , Kumar Sathish 
Published: February 2019

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and laboratory characteristics, treatment modalities and outcome of children with Kikuchi’s disease.Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among all children, histopathologically diagnosed with KFD. Clinical, laboratory data and treatment outcomes were analysed.Results: During the study period, 53 children histopathologically confirmed as KFD were enrolled in the study. There were 36 males and 17 females. The lymph node involvements were mostly cervical with bilateral predisposition (63.5%), firm (88%), matted (30.8%) and tenderness (38.5%). Fever, headache, vomiting, chills, myalgia and rash were other common presentations other than cervical lymphadenopathy. The associated laboratory findings include anemia (71.2%), leukopenia especially lymphopenia (31.4%), monocytosis (21.6%), thrombocytopenia (16.3%), elevated CRP (53.1%), ESR (83.7%), LDH (100%) and elevated liver enzymes. Most of the children were managed conservatively (49.1%). Corticosteroids were administered for (22.6 %) of patients. Recurrence occurred in 4 children (7.5 %) and 13 children (24.5%) had other associated diseases.Conclusions: KFD should be suspected in well children with febrile cervical lymphadenopathy, especially with leukopenia, monocytosis, and elevated CRP, ESR, LDH, Liver enzymes. KFD in children can have rarely atypical presentations and coexist with other diseases.
Prediction of significant hyperbilirubinemia by estimating cord blood bilirubin in neonates with ABO incompatibility
Authors: Singh Ruchika , Jain Hemant 
Published: February 2019

Background: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is a common condition that may occur in 60-70 % of term babies and the most common pathological cause leading to hyperbilirubinemia is ABO incompatibility. ABO incompatible newborns are reported to be at greater risk of significant hyperbilirubinemia and are associated with significant morbidity like development of kernicterus. So early intervention, at proper time, is mandatory to prevent this sequel.Methods: A prospective study included 240 term new-borns with gestational age of >37 weeks and birth weight >2.5 kg born to ‘O’ blood group mothers. Soon after delivery, cord blood was sent for blood group, total bilirubin and direct coombs test. All enrolled new-borns were assessed clinically daily till day 5th for appearance of hyperbilirubinemia using Kramer method. The data was analysed using descriptive analysis, ROC curve in SPSS version 14.Results: Among two hundred forty ABO incompatible newborns, 40 (17%) had developed hyperbilirubinemia and among them most common blood group associated was B+ve (75%). Association between cord bilirubin content and maximum serum bilirubin content among newborn who developed hyperbilirubinemia was found to be significant (P value <0.01). As per ROC curve analysis, cord blood total bilirubin cut off value of 1.79mg/dl had sensitivity (82.5%), specificity (55.5 %), PPV (27.04%) and NPV (94.06).Conclusions: Cord blood total bilirubin levels ≥1.79mg/dl has a good predictive ability for prediction of significant hyperbilirubinemia among ABO incompatible new-born. DCT is neither specific nor sensitive screening tool for development of Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in ABO incompatibility.