bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementing public procurement of innovations in an organization: lessons from Norway
Authors: Mwesiumo Deodat , Olsen Kjetil Magnus , Svenning Geir Arne , Glavee-Geo Richard 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the drivers, enablers, barriers, key success factors, pitfalls and benefits of implementing public procurement of innovations (PPoI) in an organization.

Design/methodology/approach
The study deployed multiple-case design, whereby six case organizations were selected according to purposeful sampling. Data collection was carried out through in-depth semi-structured one-on-one interviews with key informants. Data analysis involved coding, synthesis, categorization and aggregation.

Findings
The study revealed that implementation of PPoI represents significant change in an organization, and thus, it identifies key enablers and barriers that organizations must overcome. Furthermore, the study revealed that implementation of PPoI is a necessary but not sufficient condition for reaping its benefits. Moreover, the study identified key success factors for achieving the desirable results and potential pitfalls that organizations should avoid to ensure that the execution phase is not hurt.

Social implications
Overall, the findings of the study imply that PPoI and the practices associated with it are valuable to the organizations implementing it and society at large. Thus, time and financial investments and the costs associated with the challenges and barriers of implementing it are justified by the resulting wider benefits and outcomes.

Originality/value
The study contributes by providing useful insights related to implementation of PPoI at an organizational level. Considering that extant literature provides limited insights on this subject, findings of this study should be of interest to researchers, public authorities, procurement practitioners, small- and medium-sized enterprises and other stakeholders. In particular, the study contributes to the body of knowledge on PPoI and offers actionable implications to both practitioners and policymakers.
Innovation obstacles in an emerging high tech sector
Authors: Lachman Jeremias , López Andrés 
Published: August 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the factors that act as innovation obstacles in precision agriculture (PA) technologies in Argentina, one of the world leading exporters of cereals and oilseeds. The focus of this study is on the supply side, i.e. the factors that are perceived by PA firms as obstacles for the expansion of their market.Design/methodology/approachBased on a survey to 67 firms that develop PA technologies in Argentina, this study examines the impact of different types of obstacles on firms’ growth and innovation activities. This analysis is complemented with the results that emerge from a series of interviews with different stakeholders (such as firms’ managers, policymakers and experts).FindingsIn this study, it was determined that market and cost factors negatively affect firms’ growth, while institutional obstacles reduce the amount of innovation efforts. In turn, knowledge barriers positively impact on the relevance firms assigned to R&D activities. This study helps identify different strategies that firms have put in place to overcome the barriers they face. Finally, policy implications of the results are discussed.Originality/valuePA technologies may contribute to greening agricultural production and offer an opportunity for the emergence of domestic suppliers of innovative equipment and services based on the use of data science, artificial intelligence and Internet of Things. To the bets of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that explores the obstacles that prevent growth and impact on innovation activities of PA firms. The insights from this study are valuable for both researchers and policymakers aiming to foster emergence of high-tech clusters in developing countries.
Clearing homicides
Authors: Wellford Charles F. , Lum Cynthia , Scott Thomas , Vovak Heather , Scherer J. Amber 
Published: August 2019

Research SummarySince the RAND Corporation studies on investigations were published, there has been a widely held belief among scholars that police agencies and investigative effort matter little to solving crimes. A few researchers have recently challenged this belief, however, producing results that show that investigative effort does play a role in clearing crimes. In this study, we replicate the methodological approach of the RAND studies and use multiagency, multimethod, detailed case files, as well as organizational analysis, to examine the association among investigative effort, case features, organizational factors, and the clearance of homicide cases. The results show that variation between the homicide clearances in agencies can be explained by case attributes, investigative practices, and organizational differences. Future research should be aimed at building on these results using a similar design with a larger number of agencies.Policy ImplicationsAn agency's ability to clear homicides is a function of the resources it applies to conduct investigations and how it organizes its effort. Agencies seeking to increase their ability to clear homicides should focus on increasing investigative efforts for cases (i.e., thoroughness of the initial investigative response) and prioritize oversight, management, and evaluation of investigation work. The results of our study show that providing justice to the family, friends, and communities of homicide victims is an achievable goal for law enforcement agencies when they attend to investigative efforts.
Failing victims? Challenges of the police response to human trafficking
Authors: Farrell Amy , Dank Meredith , de Vries Ieke , Kafafian Matthew , Hughes Andrea , Lockwood Sarah 
Published: August 2019

Research SummaryThe police have a duty to provide assistance to crime victims. Despite the importance of this role, scholars examining police effectiveness have historically been less attentive to the needs of victims. As the police are increasingly called on to combat sex and labor trafficking crimes, it is timely to explore how this new population of victims is served by the police. Information from a review of human trafficking investigations and in‐depth interviews with police and service providers in three U.S. communities indicates that human trafficking victims often do not trust the police and rarely seek their assistance. When the police do respond, human trafficking victims seek affirmation of their experiences and safety from future harm.Policy ImplicationsRecommendations are offered to improve police responses to human trafficking victims including efforts to build trust, promote victim safety, and meet the needs of victims outside of the justice system.
Trainee research requirements of Australasian medical colleges: How does the Faculty of Radiation Oncology compare?
Authors: Roos Daniel E , Foley Elizabeth F , Wonders Tim J 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIntroductionThe Faculty of Radiation Oncology (FRO) of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists (RANZCR) currently allows several pathways for trainees to satisfy its mandatory original research requirement. In practice, the majority need to have a manuscript ‘accepted to peer review’ by one of five specified radiation oncology (RO) journals before being eligible to sit for the final examination. The purpose of this work was to determine the corresponding trainee research requirements of the other Australasian medical colleges and compare them with FRO as a companion to a planned FRO trainee survey on the same topic.MethodsThe Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA) website lists 16 colleges conferring medical fellowships, four of which have various sub‐faculties, and the New Zealand Medical Council website lists three other separate colleges (69 entities in all). Their individual websites were interrogated to determine and tabulate their respective trainee research requirements.Results7/69 entities (10%) do not include a research component in their published training programme. Four (5.8%) mandate actual publication of a manuscript (and additionally, FRO does also require this for journals other than the five specified). The other training programmes have less rigorous submission requirements, for example internal assessment of a research report. In addition, many allow attainment of a research higher degree (including FRO) or multiple other options as an alternative pathway. Eleven entities (including FRO) stipulate that their requirement needs to be satisfied before sitting for the exit examination.ConclusionsThe current FRO trainee research requirement is at the more stringent end of the Australasian spectrum. This has advantages and disadvantages for RO trainees and their departments. The data presented here and the trainee survey will inform the RANZCR Training and Assessment Review project, ongoing at the time of writing.
Infrastructural Discontent in the Sanitary City: Waste, Revolt, and Repression in Cairo
Authors: Arefin Mohammed Rafi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this article, I examine the relationship between waste, revolt, and repression in Cairo's sanitation system from the early 20th century to the present. I coin the term infrastructural discontent in the sanitary city to describe how discontent slowly accretes around Cairo's sanitation system and becomes a powerful force in the city's politics—a force that can be mobilised for popular revolt and state repression. I detail three expressions of infrastructural discontent in Cairo's sanitation system, paying careful attention to the deeply related mundane and spectacular productions of these expressions. Tracing the formation of infrastructural discontent in the sanitary city, I show how resistance and repression are produced and contested in material infrastructural relations which contain the accretions of long‐standing struggles over colonialism, development, and uneven urbanisation.
The Associations between income, informal social networks, and health among older adults in South Korea: A multi‐group analysis based on the level of age‐friendly environments
Authors: Kim Sue‐Lynn , Kim Ju‐Hyun , Ju Kyong‐Hee 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to empirically investigate the role of age‐friendly environments (AFE) on the associations between income, informal social networks, and health among South Korean older adults. We used data from the “2017 Age Integration Survey” collected nationally and ultimately analyzed 615 older adults over 50 years of age. Structural equation modeling and multi‐group analysis were used to test the hypothesis. Specifically, two groups of perceived levels of AFE (top 25%, bottom 25%) were compared in order to examine the moderating effects. The results indicated that poor income and scarce informal social networks each had a significantly adverse impact on health. However, the effect of income on health was no longer significant for older adults living in environments that were more age‐friendly. In both groups, the presence of fewer informal social networks adversely impacted health, although the sizes of the effects decreased when the level of AFE perceived by older adults was improved. Finally, several implications of the study findings were discussed.
Cannabichromene is a cannabinoid CB2 receptor agonist
Authors: Udoh Michael , Santiago Marina , Devenish Steven , McGregor Iain S. , Connor Mark 
Published: August 2019

Background and PurposeCannabichromene (CBC) is one of the most abundant phytocannabinoids in Cannabis spp. It has modest antinociceptive and anti‐inflammatory effects and potentiates some effects of Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol in vivo. How CBC exerts these effects is poorly defined and there is little information about its efficacy at cannabinoid receptors. We sought to determine the functional activity of CBC at cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors.Experimental ApproachAtT20 cells stably expressing haemagglutinin‐tagged human CB1 and CB2 receptors were used. Assays of cellular membrane potential and loss of cell surface receptors were performed.Key ResultsCBC activated CB2 but not CB1 receptors to produce hyperpolarization of AtT20 cells. This activation was inhibited by a CB2 receptor antagonist AM630, and sensitive to Pertussis toxin. Application of CBC reduced activation of CB2, but not CB1, receptors by subsequent co‐application of CP55,940, an efficacious CB1 and CB2 receptor agonist. Continuous CBC application induced loss of cell surface CB2 receptors and desensitization of the CB2 receptor‐induced hyperpolarization.Conclusions and ImplicationsCBC is a selective CB2 receptor agonist displaying higher efficacy than tetrahydrocannabinol in hyperpolarizing AtT20 cells. CBC can also recruit CB2 receptor regulatory mechanisms. CBC may contribute to the potential therapeutic effectiveness of some cannabis preparations, potentially through CB2 receptor‐mediated modulation of inflammation.
Natural compounds as potential adjuvants to cancer therapy: Preclinical evidence
Authors: Lin Shian‐Ren , Chang Chia‐Hsiang , Hsu Che‐Fang , Tsai May‐Jwan , Cheng Henrich , Leong Max K. , Sung Ping‐Jyun , Chen Jian‐Chyi , Weng Ching‐Feng 
Published: August 2019

Traditional chemotherapy is being considered due to hindrances caused by systemic toxicity. Currently, the administration of multiple chemotherapeutic drugs with different biochemical/molecular targets, known as combination chemotherapy, has attained numerous benefits like efficacy enhancement and amelioration of adverse effects that has been broadly applied to various cancer types. Additionally, seeking natural‐based alternatives with less toxicity has become more important. Experimental evidence suggests that herbal extracts such as Solanum nigrum and Claviceps purpurea and isolated herbal compounds (e.g., curcumin, resveratrol, and matairesinol) combined with antitumoral drugs have the potential to attenuate resistance against cancer therapy and to exert chemoprotective actions. Plant products are not free of risks: Herb adverse effects, including herb–drug interactions, should be carefully considered.Linked ArticlesThis article is part of a themed section on The Pharmacology of Nutraceuticals. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.6/issuetoc
Novel p97/VCP inhibitor induces endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis in both bortezomib‐sensitive and ‐resistant multiple myeloma cells
Authors: Nishimura Nao , Radwan Mohamed O. , Amano Masayuki , Endo Shinya , Fujii Eri , Hayashi Hironori , Ueno Shikiko , Ueno Niina , Tatetsu Hiro , Hata Hiroyuki , Okamoto Yoshinari , Otsuka Masami , Mitsuya Hiroaki , Matsuoka Masao , Okuno Yutaka 
Published: August 2019

Abstractp97/VCP is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)‐associated protein that belongs to the AAA (ATPases associated with diverse cellular activities) ATPase family. It has a variety of cellular functions including ER‐associated protein degradation, autophagy, and aggresome formation. Recent studies have shown emerging roles of p97/VCP and its potential as a therapeutic target in several cancer subtypes including multiple myeloma (MM). We conducted a cell‐based compound screen to exploit novel small compounds that have cytotoxic activity in myeloma cells. Among approximately 2000 compounds, OSSL_325096 showed relatively strong antiproliferative activity in MM cell lines (IC50, 100‐500 nmol/L). OSSL_325096 induced apoptosis in myeloma cell lines, including a bortezomib‐resistant cell line and primary myeloma cells purified from patients. Accumulation of poly‐ubiquitinated proteins, PERK, CHOP, and IREα, was observed in MM cell lines treated with OSSL_325096, suggesting that it induces ER stress in MM cells. OSSL_325096 has a similar chemical structure to DBeQ, a known p97/VCP inhibitor. Knockdown of the gene encoding p97/VCP induced apoptosis in myeloma cells, accompanied by accumulation of poly‐ubiquitinated protein. IC50 of OSSL_325096 to myeloma cell lines were found to be lower (0.1‐0.8 μmol/L) than those of DBeQ (2‐5 μmol/L). In silico protein–drug‐binding simulation suggested possible binding of OSSL_325096 to the ATP binding site in the D2 domain of p97/VCP. In cell‐free ATPase assays, OSSL_325096 showed dose‐dependent inhibition of p97/VCP ATPase activity. Finally, OSSL_325096 inhibited the growth of subcutaneous myeloma cell tumors in vivo. The present data suggest that OSSL_325096 exerts anti‐myeloma activity, at least in part through p97/VCP inhibition.
Genomic profile of urine has high diagnostic sensitivity compared to cytology in non‐invasive urothelial bladder cancer
Authors: Hirotsu Yosuke , Yokoyama Hitoshi , Amemiya Kenji , Hagimoto Takashi , Daimon Hironori , Hosaka Kyoko , Oyama Toshio , Mochizuki Hitoshi , Omata Masao 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCytology is widely conducted for diagnosis of urothelial bladder cancer; however, its sensitivity is still low. Recent studies show that liquid biopsies can reflect tumor genomic profiles. We aim to investigate whether plasma or urine is more suitable for detecting tumor‐derived DNA in patients with early‐stage urothelial bladder cancer. Targeted sequencing of 71 genes was carried out using a total of 150 samples including primary tumor, urine supernatant, urine precipitation, plasma and buffy coat from 25 patients with bladder cancer and five patients with cystitis and benign tumor. We compared mutation profiles between each sample, identified tumor‐identical mutations and compared tumor diagnostic sensitivities between urine and conventional cytology. We identified a total of 168 somatic mutations in primary tumor. In liquid biopsies, tumor‐identical mutations were found at 53% (89/168) in urine supernatant, 48% (81/168) in urine precipitation and 2% (3/168) in plasma. The high variant allele fraction of urine was significantly related to worse clinical indicators such as tumor invasion and cytological examination. Although conventional cytology detected tumor cells in only 22% of non‐invasive tumor, tumor diagnostic sensitivity increased to 67% and 78% using urine supernatant and precipitation, respectively. Urine is an ideal liquid biopsy for detecting tumor‐derived DNA and more precisely reflects tumor mutational profiles than plasma. Genomic analysis of urine is clinically useful for diagnosis of superficial bladder cancer at early stage.
Individual differences in neonatal “imitation” fail to predict early social cognitive behaviour
Authors: Redshaw Jonathan , Nielsen Mark , Slaughter Virginia , Kennedy‐Costantini Siobhan , Oostenbroek Janine , Crimston Jessica , Suddendorf Thomas 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe influential hypothesis that humans imitate from birth – and that this capacity is foundational to social cognition – is currently being challenged from several angles. Most prominently, the largest and most comprehensive longitudinal study of neonatal imitation to date failed to find evidence that neonates copied any of nine actions at any of four time points (Oostenbroek et al., [2016]Current Biology, 26, 1334–1338). The authors of an alternative and statistically liberal post‐hoc analysis of these same data (Meltzoff et al., [2017]Developmental Science, 21, e12609), however, concluded that the infants actually did imitate one of the nine actions: tongue protrusion. In line with the original intentions of this longitudinal study, we here report on whether individual differences in neonatal “imitation” predict later‐developing social cognitive behaviours. We measured a variety of social cognitive behaviours in a subset of the original sample of infants (N = 71) during the first 18 months: object‐directed imitation, joint attention, synchronous imitation and mirror self‐recognition. Results show that, even using the liberal operationalization, individual scores for neonatal “imitation” of tongue protrusion failed to predict any of the later‐developing social cognitive behaviours. The average Spearman correlation was close to zero, meanrs = 0.027, 95% CI [−0.020, 0.075], with all Bonferroni adjustedpvalues > .999. These results run counter to Meltzoff et al.'s rebuttal, and to the existence of a “like me” mechanism in neonates that is foundational to human social cognition.
Resource allocation to growth or luxury consumption drives mycorrhizal responses
Authors: Riley Rohan C. , Cavagnaro Timothy R. , Brien Chris , Smith F. Andrew , Smith Sally E. , Berger Bettina , Garnett Trevor , Stonor Rebecca , Schilling Rhiannon K. , Chen Zhong‐Hua , Powell Jeff R. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractHighly variable phenotypic responses in mycorrhizal plants challenge our functional understanding of plant‐fungal mutualisms. Using non‐invasive high‐throughput phenotyping, we observed that arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi relieved phosphorus (P) limitation and enhanced growth of Brachypodium distachyon under P‐limited conditions, while photosynthetic limitation under low nitrogen (N) was exacerbated by the fungus. However, these responses were strongly dependent on host genotype: only the faster growing genotype (Bd3‐1) utilised P transferred from the fungus to achieve improved growth under P‐limited conditions. Under low N, the slower growing genotype (Bd21) had a carbon and N surplus that was linked to a less negative growth response compared with the faster growing genotype. These responses were linked to the regulation of N : P stoichiometry, couples resource allocation to growth or luxury consumption in diverse plant lineages. Our results attest strongly to a mechanism in plants by which plant genotype‐specific resource economics drive phenotypic outcomes during AM symbioses.
The Means to and Meaning of “Being There” in Responsible Fatherhood Programming with Low‐Income Fathers
Authors: Randles Jennifer 
Published: August 2019

ObjectiveTo understand how low‐income men's views of paternal responsibility shape their engagement with fatherhood program messages and services.BackgroundResearch on the situated contexts of fathering has found that the social and symbolic dimensions of fathering spaces influence how men construct and enact fatherhood scripts. Qualitative studies of fatherhood programs have mostly investigated parenting education and job assistance programs, revealing how fathering interventions allow disadvantaged men to shape positive paternal identities.MethodIn‐depth interviews and focus groups were conducted with a nonrandom sample of 64 primarily Black and Latino low‐income fathers who participated in a federally funded responsible fatherhood program. An inductive coding technique was used to identify reasons men enrolled, the alignment of program messages with fathers' views, and how the program allowed fathers to negotiate obstacles to sustained involvement.ResultsFathers overwhelmingly found the program valuable because it offered the social and economic means they needed to enact varied meanings of paternal responsibility—or “being there.” Most fathers reported that the program allowed them to realize their involvement goals, thereby enabling them to better align their paternal identities and behaviors.ConclusionFatherhood programming that promotes a broader idea of paternal provision to include money and care aligns with how disadvantaged fathers tailor their understandings of paternal involvement to account for socioeconomic constraints, including poverty and racism.ImplicationsFatherhood interventions can influence disadvantaged men's abilities to claim and enact responsible parent identities, but programs must address the importance of resources and opportunities, including and especially access to well‐paid work, for shaping paternal involvement.