bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Base‐Promoted Aerobic Oxidation/Homolytic Aromatic Substitution Cascade toward the Synthesis of Phenanthridines
Authors: Maiti Debabrata , Halder Atreyee , De Sarkar Suman 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe current protocol represents a transition metal‐free synthesis of polysubstituted phenanthridines from abundant starting materials like benzhydrol and 2‐iodoaniline derivatives. The reaction involves sequential oxidation of alcohol and direct condensation reaction with the amine resulting in a C−N bond formation followed by a radical C−C coupling in a cascade sequence. The used base potassium tert‐butoxide plays a dual role in dehydrogenation and homolytic aromatic substitution reaction. Using this methodology, twenty substituted phenanthridine derivatives were synthesized with up to 85% isolated yield.magnified image
Fibroblasts Promote Proliferation and Matrix Invasion of Breast Cancer Cells in Co‐Culture Models
Authors: Plaster Madison , Singh Sunil , Tavana Hossein 
Published: September 2019

AbstractFibroblasts are an abundant cell type in tumor microenvironments. Activated fibroblasts, known as carcinoma‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs), interact with cancer cells through biochemical signaling and render cancer cells proliferative, invasive, and resistant to therapeutics. Targeting CAFs–cancer cells interactions offers a strategy to block cancer progression. 2D and 3D co‐cultures of human mammary fibroblasts and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells are used to investigate the impact of heterotypic cellular interactions on the proliferation of matrix invasion of TNBC cells. The results show that fibroblasts secreting a chemokine, CXCL12, significantly enhance proliferation of TNBC cells expressing the chemokine receptor, CXCR4. Disrupting this interaction with a receptor antagonist normalizes cancer cell proliferation to that of a co‐culture model lacking this signaling. When co‐culture spheroids are embedded in collagen, fibroblasts producing CXCL12 promote collagen invasion of TNBC cells. Although co‐cultures containing normal fibroblasts also lead to TNBC cell spreading into the matrix, a morphological analysis of cells and inhibition of chemokine‐receptor signaling shows that this spreading is due to the incompatibility of fibroblasts and cancer cells leading to the segregation of the two cell types from the spheroid.
All‐Oxide Thin Film Transistors and Rectifiers Enabling On‐Chip Capacitive Energy Storage
Authors: Wang Zhenwei , Alshammari Fwzah H. , Omran Hesham , Hota Mrinal K. , Al‐Jawhari Hala A. , Salama Khaled N. , Alshareef Husam N. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAll‐oxide, fully‐transparent thin film transistors and rectifiers, processed entirely by atomic layer deposition, have been developed for on‐chip capacitive energy storage. Fully depleted thin film transistor (TFT) operation is achieved by optimizing the carrier concentration in the ZnO channels. The TFTs show an average saturation mobility of 10.5 cm2 V−1 s−1, a stable positive turn‐on voltage of 0.88 V, a low subthreshold swing of 0.162 V dec−1, and the entire device achieves an overall transmittance of 85%. The field‐effect rectifiers (FER) are fabricated based on short‐circuiting the gate and drain electrodes of the TFT structure. Rectification ratio of 3.5 × 106 is achieved in DC measurements. Under AC input, the rectifiers can steadily operate at an input frequency up to 10 MHz and amplitude (peak to peak) up to 20 V. The rectifier can be used for signal processing applications with frequency up to 1 MHz. The energy storage utility of the rectifiers is demonstrated by rectifying AC input signals and successfully charging home‐made electrochemical on‐chip microsupercapacitors. The results demonstrate that integrated, all‐oxide thin film rectifiers can be used for on‐chip capacitive energy storage.
Meta‐inflammaging at the crossroad of geroscience
Authors: Chen Guobing , Yung Raymond 
Published: September 2019

AbstractGeroscience posits that selected fundamental biological processes are the foundation of age‐related chronic diseases and are responsible for the decline in physical and mental function in old age. Late‐life chronic low‐grade inflammation (“inflammaging”) and altered signal transduction pathways in metabolism have been identified as two of the key themes in the aging process. Age‐related changes in the immune and metabolic responses are also recognized as playing a critical pathogenic role in most common chronic medical conditions that plague the elderly. Emerging investigations emphasize the interconnectedness of the immune and metabolic responses in aging, an area of gerontological research that can be termed “meta‐inflammaging.”
Fouling mitigation in crossflow filtration using chaotic advection: A numerical study
Authors: Jung Seon Yeop , Jung Hae In , Kang Tae Gon , Ahn Kyung Hyun 
Published: September 2019

AbstractFouling mitigation in a crossflow filtration system using chaotic advection is numerically studied. A barrier‐embedded partitioned pipe mixer (BPPM) is selected as a static mixer, creating chaotic advection in a laminar flow regime. Mixing characteristics are controlled via two design parameters, the mixing protocol and the dimensionless barrier height (β). The average dimensionless concentration boundary layer thickness () and the surface‐averaged dimensionless wall concentration () dramatically decrease with the introduction of the BPPM, incorporating a chaotic flow system. and decrease as β increases, and the largest reduction of is observed in the counter‐rotational protocol. A semi‐ring configuration is revealed to be the most appropriate configuration to characterize mixing near the membrane surface. It is found that a filtration system with a globally chaotic flow shows the best mixing performance and the largest reduction of fouling.
Comparison of non‐myeloablative and reduced‐intensity allogeneic stem cell transplantation in older patients with myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: Jentzsch Madlen , Döhring Christine , Linke Richard , Hille Andrea , Grimm Juliane , Pönisch Wolfram , Vucinic Vladan , Franke Georg‐Nikolaus , Behre Gerhard , Niederwieser Dietger , Schwind Sebastian 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAllogeneic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) remains the only curative treatment for myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) or myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms (MDS/MPN) patients. The introduction of reduced intensity (RIC) and non‐myeloablative (NMA) conditioning enabled HSCT in older or comorbid individuals representing the majority of patients. Studies comparing RIC and NMA conditioning are limited. We retrospectively analyzed 151 MDS or MDS/MPN patients older than 50 years who received NMA‐ or RIC‐HSCT. Patients younger or older than 65 years at HSCT were analyzed separately. Patients receiving RIC‐HSCT or NMA‐HSCT were balanced in factors reflecting disease aggressiveness and the HCT‐CI comorbidity score. The NMA conditioned patients had a higher incidence of graft rejection and chronic graft‐vs‐host disease. Cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR), non‐relapse mortality (NRM) and overall survival (OS), did not differ significantly with regard to the conditioning regime in the whole cohort. In patients <65 years at HSCT, NMA conditioning associated with higher NRM and shorter OS by trend, while CIR was similar in both groups. In multivariable analyzes, the conditioning regimen remained a prognostic factor for NRM and OS in patients <65 years at HSCT. In MDS patients NMA and RIC conditioning result in similar disease control, but especially patients <65 years may benefit from RIC‐HSCT.
An LC/ESI–MS/MS method to quantify the PI3K inhibitor GDC‐0084 in human plasma and cerebrospinal fluid: Validation and clinical application
Authors: Zhong Bo , Campagne Olivia , Tinkle Christopher L. , Stewart Clinton F. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI–MS/MS) method was developed and validated to measure GDC‐0084 in human plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Reverse‐phase chromatography with gradient elution was performed using a C18 column (50 × 2.0 mm, 3 μm). Solid‐phase extraction of plasma and CSF was employed to give excellent recovery. MS detection was performed with positive ion screening in multiple reaction monitoring mode. The precursor to the product ions (Q1 → Q3) selected for GDC‐0084 and GDC‐0084‐d6 were 383.2 → 353.2 and 389.2 → 353.2, respectively. A separate calibration curve was established for human plasma and CSF. Both calibration curves, ranging from 0.2 to 200 ng/mL, were linear and had acceptable intra‐ and inter‐day precision and accuracy. The lower limit of quantitation and limit of detection for GDC‐0084 in human plasma were 0.2 ng/mL (signal/noise ≥47) and 0.005 ng/mL (signal/noise ≥3.5), respectively, and for GDC‐0084 in human CSF were 0.2 ng/mL (signal/noise ≥19.7) and 0.04 ng/mL (signal/noise ≥7.2). This method was successfully applied to analyze serial plasma samples obtained from children with diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas and other midline gliomas who participated in pharmacokinetic studies as part of a phase I clinical trial of GDC‐0084.
Effect of bevacizumab against cystic components of brain tumors
Authors: Yamasaki Fumiyuki , Kolakshyapati Manish , Takano Motoki , Yonezawa Ushio , Nishibuchi Ikuno , Imano Nobuki , Taguchi Akira , Onishi Shumpei , Amatya Vishwa Jeet , Takeshima Yukio , Nagata Yasushi , Kurisu Kaoru , Sugiyama Kazuhiko 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundBevacizumab improves symptoms via reducing the peritumoral edema and/or normalizing blood brain barrier, and occasionally via reducing the tumor size. However, the effect against active cystic components has not been documented yet.Materials and MethodsBetween 2008 and 2018, 139 patients with primary or metastatic brain tumors were treated with bevacizumab (BEV) in our institution. The images and symptoms before and after administration of BEV were examined, and changes in size of cysts were evaluated as follows: CR (complete disappearance), PR (reduction by ≥50%), MR (reduction by ≥25%), SD (size change <25%), PD (increase by ≥25%). The effect of BEV on tumor itself was determined according to Response Assessment in Neuro‐Oncology criteria.ResultsOf the 139 patients, 21 (15.1%) had cystic components. The best responses of cysts to BEV treatment were as follows: CR 6, PR 7, MR 4, SD 4. The group of patients with progressively increasing cysts prior to BEV treatment had significant cyst size reduction compared to stable cyst size groups, at initial imaging after BEV (mean 62.6% vs 22.5%, P = .0055) and at best response timing (mean 76.3% vs 32.8%, P = .0050). Patients with cysts showed significant improvement in symptoms after the treatment with BEV compared to patients without cysts (P = .0033). However, response rate was not different between patients with or without cysts. Overall survival after starting BEV was not different between glioblastoma patients with or without cysts.ConclusionBevacizumab is effective against progressively increasing cysts. Although cysts reduction effect and tumor response and/or overall survival are independent, BEV may be effective in patients who are symptomatic due to cyst enlargement.
Stabilization Techniques for Soft Tissue Grafting Around Dental Implants: Case Report
Authors: Korkis Samuel , Thompson Tamika N. , Vizirakis Michael A. , Lamble Monica , Zimmerman Deena , Neely Anthony L. , Kinaia Bassam M. 
Published: September 2019

IntroductionImplants that lack keratinized tissue (KT) have been associated with increased plaque accumulation, gingival inflammation or hue of metal showing through the tissue. Free gingival grafts (FGGs) are a predictable treatment for minimal or lack of KT. FGGs can increase the zone of KT around teeth and implants alike. Despite predictability of FGGs, stabilizing the graft around implants can be challenging, but is critical for success. Little information is available regarding ways to stabilize FGGs around implants. Acrylic or composite stents are a viable option for obtaining graft stability and support during the healing process.Case PresentationThis case report highlights the practicality of using acrylic or composite stents for FGG stabilization with successful outcomes. Two patients presented with dental implants, with minimal or lack of KT requiring soft tissue augmentation. FGGs were harvested from the palate and fitted around implant carriers allowing stabilization and adequate suturing. Custom‐made acrylic or composite stabilization stents were fabricated to fit around implant carriers, which were screwed into the implant platform, and hollowed out internally to provide space for the graft. Postoperative visits showed healthy, stable zones of KT in both cases.ConclusionThe customized acrylic or composite stents allowed stabilization of the FGGs with successful outcome.
Long non‐coding RNA MALAT1 sponges miR‐149 to promote inflammatory responses of LPS‐induced acute lung injury by targeting MyD88
Authors: Liang Wei‐Jun , Zeng Xiao‐Yuan , Jiang Sha‐Li , Tan Hong‐Yi , Yan Mu‐Yun , Yang Hong‐Zhong 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAcute lung injury (ALI) caused by sepsis occurs early and the condition is severe, and is also an important reason for accelerating the death of patients. Increasing evidence has identified long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) metastasis associated in lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) as a regulator of ALI. However, the potential mechanism underlying MALAT1 on ALI still needs further identification. To explore the mechanisms of gene regulation expression mediated by MALAT1 through miR‐149/MyD88 in lung injury inflammation, we constructed a lung injury inflammatory model using the lipopolysaccharides (LPS)‐induced method and quantificated the cytokines and signaling cascade molecules as well as miR‐149. The MALAT1, myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), and IL‐6 levels were significantly increased, and the nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) pathway was activated, but the miR‐149 level was decreased in the LPS‐induced ALI model. miR‐149 directly targeted both lncRNA MALAT1 and the MyD88 gene. Knockdown of MALAT1 down‐regulated the levels of MyD88, TNF‐α, IL‐1β, and IL‐6, and inhibited the NF‐κB pathway. However, MALAT1 knockdown up‐regulated the expression of miR‐149. Overexpression of miR‐149 down‐regulated MyD88, TNF‐α, IL‐1β, and IL‐6 levels, and inhibited the NF‐κB pathway. MALAT1 acts as a pro‐inflammatory factor in ALI via the miR‐149/MyD88/NF‐κB axis and is therefore a potential novel therapeutic target for ALI treatment.
A rare case of polyarteritis nodosa associated with nontuberculous mycobacterial infection
Authors: Lian ShengYang Bertrand , Teoh Yee Leng , Tay Yong‐Kwang 
Published: September 2019

AbstractClinicians should be aware that cutaneous PAN can present with significant extracutaneous and constitutional symptoms which make it hard to differentiate from systemic PAN. The condition can also rarely be associated with NTM infections.
Presumed antiphospholipid syndrome and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: An infrequent association
Authors: Dolin Hallie Hanna , Dziuba Mark , Pappada Scott M. , Papadimos Thomas John 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAntiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disease that demonstrates antiphospholipid antibodies that cause hypercoagulability and leads to venous and arterial thrombosis. Autoantibodies to a disintegrin‐like and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type I motif, member 13 (ADAMTS 13) play a role in the microthrombosis of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura in APS patients.
Selective Deprotection of the Diphenylmethylsilyl (DPMS) Hydroxyl Protecting Group under Environmentally Responsible, Aqueous Conditions
Authors: Akporji Nnamdi , Lieberman Josh , Maser Michael , Yoshimura Masahiko , Boskovic Zarko , Lipshutz Bruce H. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTwo new methods for selective deprotection of diphenylmethylsilyl (DPMS) ethers are described. Unmasking can be achieved with either catalytic amounts of perfluoro‐1‐butanesulfonyl fluoride (a SuFEx reagent) under mild, aqueous micellar conditions, or using stoichiometric amounts of 18‐crown‐6 ether in aqueous ethanol.
Confirming the Formation of Hydroxyl Radicals in the Catalytic Decomposition of H2O2 on Metal Oxides Using Coumarin as a Probe
Authors: Maier Annika Carolin , Iglebaek Ena Herceglija , Jonsson Mats 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHydrogen peroxide can be catalytically decomposed to O2 and H2O on metal oxide surfaces in contact with aqueous solutions containing H2O2. The initial step in this process has been proposed to be the formation of surface‐bound hydroxyl radicals which has recently been verified using tris as a radical scavenger. Here, we make use of the unique fluorescent product 7‐hydroxycoumarin formed in the reaction between hydroxyl radicals and coumarin to probe the formation of surface‐bound hydroxyl radicals. The experiments clearly show that 7‐hydroxycoumarin is formed upon catalytic decomposition of H2O2 in aqueous suspensions containing ZrO2‐particles and coumarin, thereby confirming the formation of surface‐bound hydroxyl radicals in this process. The results are quantitatively compared to results on the same system using tris as a probe for hydroxyl radicals. The effects of the two probes on the system under study are compared and it is concluded that coumarin has a significantly lower impact on the system.
Model for Predicting Solids Velocity Fluctuations in Sedimenting Suspensions
Authors: Shehryar Ali , Hassan Aitazaz , Hamid Adnan , Murilo dos Santos Celso , Khan Afrasyab , Ullah Atta 
Published: September 2019

AbstractComputational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of sedimenting suspensions in two‐dimensional periodic domains using a Eulerian two‐fluid model were performed with the commercial software ANSYS Fluent®. Three particle systems belonging to Geldart groups A and B were selected to gather data on the solids velocity fluctuations. It is proposed that solids velocity fluctuations are composed of local and global parts. Therefore, the solids velocity signal was segregated into low‐frequency and high‐frequency fluctuations using the FFT solver in MATLAB®. A model is proposed to predict the velocity fluctuations of a solid phase at low volume fractions and the model results are compared with the CFD results. The model is capable of capturing the solid particles fluctuation in the dilute limit.
Increasing Applications of Graphite Thermoplastic Electrodes with Aryl Diazonium Grafting
Authors: Berg Kathleen E. , Leroux Yann R. , Hapiot Philippe , Henry Charles S. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCarbon composite thermoplastic electrodes (TPEs) consist of graphite and thermoplastic made using an easy, solvent‐assisted fabrication. TPEs have the advantages of high conductivity, good electron transfer kinetics, low cost, reusability, and easy patterning, but have only been used with aqueous solvents due to solvent compatibility with the poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) template. The limited solvent compatibility hinders the application range and surface modifications. Here, cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) TPEs in glass templates that are compatible with additional solvents are presented. TPEs are grafted with aryl diazonium salts in acetonitrile, showing covalent surface TPE modification for the first time. Further investigation is carried out with scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). The TPEs are post‐functionalized with a ferrocene moiety via click chemistry. The diazonium electrografting and click chemistry modifications open up future studies and broader applications of TPEs.
Finite‐difference calculation on an uncertainty evaluation of the kinetic parameters from initial sintering of UO2
Authors: Matsuda Tetsushi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractComputational simulation based on the one‐dimensional finite‐difference method was performed in order to clarify the effect of particle size and the coexistence of particles with different diameters on sintering kinetics of UO2. Particle arrays with different diameters were arranged in parallel, and sintering behavior, such as shrinkage and neck growth, was calculated by the finite‐difference method. The shrinkage of the particle array and the stress on the grain boundary were calculated in the linked sintering. The results indicated that evaluation of the activation energies for sintering of compacts of UO2 seems likely to be possible by selecting an appropriate shrinkage range. However, evaluation of the diffusion coefficients using compacts is questionable.
Phosphorus‐Doping‐Induced Surface Vacancies of 3D Na2Ti3O7 Nanowire Arrays Enabling High‐Rate and Long‐Life Sodium Storage
Authors: Liu Dao‐Sheng , Jin Feng , Huang Aijian , Sun Xiaoli , Su Hao , Yang Yang , Zhang Yufei , Rui Xianhong , Geng Hongbo , Li Cheng Chao 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSodium‐ion batteries have attracted interest as an alternative to lithium‐ion batteries because of the abundance and cost effectiveness of sodium. However, suitable anode materials with high‐rate and stable cycling performance are still needed to promote their practical application. Herein, three‐dimensional Na2Ti3O7 nanowire arrays with enriched surface vacancies endowed by phosphorus doping are reported. As anodes for sodium‐ion batteries, they deliver a high specific capacity of 290 mA h g−1at 0.2 C, good rate capability (50 mA h g−1at 20 C), and stable cycling capability (98 % capacity retention over 3100 cycles at 20 C). The superior electrochemical performance is attributed to the synergistic effects of the nanowire arrays and phosphorus doping. The rational structure can provide convenient channels to facilitate ion/electron transport and improve the capacitive contributions. Moreover, the phosphorus‐doping‐induced surface vacancies not only provide more active sites but also improve the intrinsic electrical conductivity of Na2Ti3O7, which will enable electrode materials with excellent sodium storage performance. This work may provide an effective strategy for the synthesis of other anode materials with fast electrochemical reaction kinetics and good sodium storage performance.
Derivation of Lanthanide Series Crystal Field Parameters From First Principles
Authors: Jung Julie , Islam M. Ashraful , Pecoraro Vincent L. , Mallah Talal , Berthon Claude , Bolvin Hélène 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTwo series of lanthanide complexes have been chosen to analyze trends in the magnetic properties and crystal field parameters (CFPs) along the two series: The highly symmetric LnZn16(picHA)16 series (Ln=Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Yb; picHA=picolinohydroxamic acid) and the [Ln(dpa)3](C3H5N2)3⋅3H2O series (Ln=Ce–Yb; dpa=2,6‐dipicolinic acid) with approximate three‐fold symmetry. The first series presents a compressed coordination sphere of eight oxygen atoms whereas in the second series, the coordination sphere consists of an elongated coordination sphere formed of six oxygen atoms. The CFPs have been deduced from ab initio calculations using two methods: The AILFT (ab initio ligand field theory) method, in which the parameters are determined at the orbital level, and the ITO (irreducible tensor operator) decomposition, in which the problems are treated at the many‐electron level. It has been found that the CFPs are transferable from one derivative to another, within a given series, as a first approximation. The sign of the second‐order parameter
differs in the two series, reflecting the different environments. It has been found that the use of the strength parameter S allows for an easy comparison between complexes. Furthermore, in both series, the parameters have been found to decrease in magnitude along the series, and this decrease is attributed to covalent effects.