bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regionalized tissue fluidization by an actomyosin cable is required for epithelial gap closure during insect gastrulation
Authors: Jain A. , Ulman V. , Mukherjee A. , Prakash M. , Pimpale L. , Muenster S. , Haase R. , Panfilio K.A. , Jug F. , Grill S.W. , Tomancak P. , Pavlopoulos A. 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTMany animal embryos pull and close an epithelial sheet around the spherical or ellipsoidal egg surface during a gastrulation process known as epiboly. The ovoidal geometry dictates that the epithelial sheet first expands and subsequently compacts. Moreover, the epithelial sheet spreading over the sphere is mechanically stressed and this stress needs to be released. Here we show that during extraembryonic tissue (serosa) epiboly in the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum, the non-proliferative serosa becomes regionalized into two distinct territories: a dorsal region under higher tension away from the leading edge with larger non-rearranging cells, and a more fluid ventral region under lower tension surrounding the leading edge with smaller cells undergoing cell intercalation. Our results suggest that fluidization of the leading edge is caused by a heterogeneous actomyosin cable that drives sequential eviction and intercalation of individual cells away from the serosa margin. Since this developmental solution utilized during epiboly resembles the mechanism of wound healing in other systems, we propose actomyosin cable-driven local tissue fluidization as a conserved morphogenetic module for closure of epithelial gaps.
Corrosion behavior of X65 steel in CO2-saturated oil/water environment of gathering and transportation pipeline
Authors: Cheng Yuanpeng , Bai Yu , Tang Shanfa , Zheng Dukui , Li Zili , Liu JianGuo 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the corrosion behavior of X65 steel in the CO2-saturated oil/water environment using mass loss method, potentiodynamic polarization technique and characterization of the corroded surface techniques.

Design/methodology/approach
The weight loss analysis, electrochemical study and surface investigation were carried out on X65 steel that had been immersed in the CO2/oil/water corrosive medium to understand the corrosion behavior of gathering and transportation pipeline steel. The weight loss tests were carried out in a 3 L autoclave, and effects of water cut and temperature on the CO2 corrosion rate of X65 steel were studied. Electrochemical studies were carried out in a three-electrode electrochemical cell with the test temperature was 60°C, and the CO2 partial pressure was 1 atm by recording open circuit potential/time and potentiodynamic polarization characteristics. The surface and cross-sectional morphologies of corrosion product scales were characterized using scanning electron microscopy. The phases of corrosion product scales were investigated using x-ray diffraction.

Findings
The results showed that due to the wetting and adsorption of crude oil, the corrosion morphology of X65 steel changed under different water cuts. When the water cut of crude oil was 40-50 per cent, uniform corrosion occurred on the steel surface, accompanied by local pitting. While the water cut was 70-80 per cent, the resulting corrosion product scales were thick, loose and partial shedding caused platform corrosion. When the water cut was 90 per cent, the damaged area of platform corrosion was enlarged. Crude oil can hinder the corrosion scales from being dissolved by the corrosive medium, and change dimension and accumulation pattern of the crystal grain, thickness and structure of the corrosion scales. Under the corrosion inhibition effect of crude oil, the temperature sensitive point of X65 steel corrosion process moved to low temperature, appeared at about 50°C, lower corrosion rate interval was broadened and the corrosion resistance of X65 steel was enhanced.

Originality/value
The results can be helpful in selecting the applicable corrosion inhibitors and targeted anti-corrosion measures for CO2-saturated oil/water corrosive environment.
Effect of aluminum Tripolyphosphate on pitting initiation on carbon steel in chloride contaminated concrete pore solution
Authors: Lu Xiangyu , Zhang Leyuan , Feng Xingguo , Chen D. , Zuo Yu 
Published: August 2019

PurposeAluminum tripolyphosphate was used as a corrosion inhibitor in a simulated concrete pore solution. For studies of the inhibition mechanism of aluminum tripolyphosphate on the carbon steel, its influence on the pitting initiation on the carbon steel in a Cl−containing pore solution were investigated.Design/methodology/approachPotentiodynamic polarization curves, Mott–Schottky plots and potentiostatic polarization of the carbon steel in the pore solution with different content of aluminum tripolyphosphate were measured, as well as the optical micrographs of pitting on the carbon steel was observed.FindingsThe metastable pitting potential and the stable pitting potential increased, while the donor density and the flat band potential decreased with the concentration of aluminum tripolyphosphate in solution. Furthermore, the initiation of pitting was suppressed, as well as the transition from metastable to stable pitting was hindered by the aluminum tripolyphosphate. The scale parameter (a), in the extreme distribution of the maximum current peak, could be used to predict the transition from metastable to stable pitting.Originality/valueThe inhibition mechanism of aluminum tripolyphosphate on carbon steel in pore solution was revealed. It suppresses the initiation of pitting and hinders the transition from metastable to stable pitting. Furthermore, a parameter defined as the scale parameter (a) in the extreme distribution of the maximum current peak was introduced to predict the transition from metastable to stable pitting.
Prospective study using archetypes and system dynamics
Authors: Vera Patricio , Nikulin Christopher , Lopez-Campos Monica , Gonzalez Ramirez Rosa Guadalupe G. 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a combination of forecasting methods that enables a holistic understanding of a future situation, given certain influencing variables by a combination of real data and expert knowledge.

Design/methodology/approach
The proposal combines two well-known methods: first, system archetypes that correspond to generic structures, allowing us to handle model management issues, and second, system dynamics that offers technical support on a computational level to assess different scenarios or problem solutions.

Findings
The case study considers the situation of the mining industry in Chile and its related variables, including four different scenarios. Based on the proposed methodology, the results indicate that: first, the price of copper is paramount for the industry and its effects are not limited to company profits; second, a long period of downfall in copper prices could halt exploration and development projects.

Research limitations/implications
Systemic archetypes are still a subject of research and their application in different fields of knowledge continues to increase to improve this simulation approach.

Practical implications
The case study illustrates the combination of a Vester matrix and initial system archetype models that are enriched using the system dynamics approach. Indeed, the case study aims to understand the consequences of different scenarios based on the problem-driven approach provided by Vester.

Social implications
The goal of prospective studies of large-scale and complex situations is to model the real situation to obtain solutions that may enhance social welfare.

Originality/value
The proposed methodology contributes to the existing literature by integrating techniques such as the Vester matrix, system archetype modelling and system dynamics simulation, all of which were proposed previously in the literature as independent techniques.
The impact of workplace spirituality on work-based learners
Authors: Foster Scott , Foster Anna 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the emerging spirituality debate with the aim of generating and sustaining tolerance for spirituality in the workplace, with a specific focus upon the impact this can have upon work-based learners. “Spirituality” is gaining impetus worldwide as a growing number of organisations are proactively accommodating their multi-ethnic and multi-faith workforce by adapting their policies to meet employees’ spiritual needs. As yet in the UK, the majority of organisations fail to recognise neither the basic spiritual well-being of their employees nor the impact this can have upon work-based learning processes.

Design/methodology/approach
This study adopts a quantitative approach with questionnaires distributed to a multi-national retail UK-based organisation with an ethnically diverse national workforce. The study was tested by collecting data from managers and employees of this large, multi-million pound retail chain organisation in the UK, consisting of 55 stores and 1,249 employees, in order to gather employees’ perceptions on spirituality within their place of work regarding policies, communication and perceived source of conflict.

Findings
The results revealed that the majority of employees deemed spirituality was not something they felt comfortable discussing or appropriate to practice within the workplace and there were no clear policies and procedures in place to support either management or employees.

Research limitations/implications
This paper highlights areas for further research in the broad professional areas of spirituality in relation to organisational approaches to work-based learning. The research is from one organisation and utilising one method – qualitative research would add depth to the knowledge.

Practical implications
This paper highlights areas for further research in the broad professional areas of spirituality in relation to organisational approaches to work-based learning.

Originality/value
Employee spiritual well-being is under-researched and overlooked by organisations. Changing the current spiritual intransigence is long overdue as employees’ spiritual fulfilment leads to high-trust relationships in the workplace and can further support those engaged in work-based learning.
Talent management in a Swedish public hospital
Authors: Tyskbo Daniel 
Published: August 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to contribute to the understanding of how talent management (TM) unfolds in practice in a public organization.Design/methodology/approachAn exploratory single case study was conducted of a Swedish public hospital, based on interviews, observations and documents.FindingsThe findings illustrate that despite a highly egalitarian and collectivist context, the hospital adopted an exclusive approach to TM, and a talent was not considered or identified through formal performance appraisals, but through informal criteria. The rationale behind this approach is influenced by the surrounding context, including the implementation of an innovative and strategically important practice, and the highly professionalized context.Research limitations/implicationsThe study offered a rich view of how TM unfolds in practice, which may not always be possible using large sample, survey studies; however, it limited the generalizability.Practical implicationsThe study points to important issues when designing TM.Originality/valueThe paper addresses two main shortcomings in the TM literature: the under-researched context of public organizations and the lack of contextual awareness. The empirically driven analysis constitutes an important step for further theory development regarding exclusive/inclusive approaches in TM.
Burden of atopic dermatitis in Asia
Authors: Tsai Tsen‐Fang , Rajagopalan Murlidhar , Chu Chia‐Yu , Encarnacion Lonabel , Gerber Robert A. , Santos‐Estrella Paul , Llamado Lyndon John Q. , Tallman Anna M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAtopic dermatitis is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease characterized by intense pruritus and eczematous lesions. It is considered one of the most common chronic conditions, with an estimated global prevalence of nearly 230 million. As in the rest of the world, prevalence of atopic dermatitis has been increasing in Asian countries over the last few decades. This increased prevalence in Asian countries has been attributed to factors such as rapid urbanization, increasingly Westernized lifestyles, and improved standards of living and education. As a result, it is important to understand the increasing burden of disease in Asian countries and the differences between the countries in terms of epidemiology, diagnostic criteria, management, quality of life and economic burden.
Green Formulation of Triglyceride/Phospholipid‐Based Nanocarriers as a Novel Vehicle for Oral Coenzyme Q10 Delivery
Authors: Alavi Sonia , Akhlaghi Sarah , Dadashzadeh Simin , Haeri Azadeh 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis study was aimed to develop a novel nanocarrier for coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) by a green process that prevented the use of surfactants and organic solvents. Triglyceride/phospholipid‐based nanocarriers were developed through high‐pressure homogenization (an industrial feasible process), and a 25‐1 fractional factorial design was adopted to assess the influences of formulation variables on the considered responses, including vesicle size, entrapment efficiency, loading capacity, and solubility of the vehicles in simulated gastrointestinal fluids. The optimized formulation was further in‐depth characterized in terms of morphology, release behavior, biocompatibility (Caco‐2 cell cytotoxicity and histological examination), thermal behavior, and Fourier transform infrared analysis. Optimal nanocarriers were found to have mean particle size of 75 nm, narrow particle distribution, and CoQ10 entrapment of 95%. The optimized formulation was stable upon incubation in simulated gastrointestinal fluids without considerable leakage of cargo, which was in agreement with their sustained release behavior. Microscopic observations also confirmed nanosized nature of the vesicles and revealed their spherical shape. Moreover, toxicity evaluations at the cellular and tissue levels revealed their nontoxic nature. In conclusion, triglyceride/phospholipid‐based nanocarriers proved to be a green safe vehicle for delivery of CoQ10 with industrial‐scale production capability and could provide a new horizon for delivery of hydrophobic nutraceuticals.Practical applicationGreen nanostructure formulation approaches have recently gained tremendous attraction for their safe profile especially when it comes to supplements, which are generally recommended for daily use. However, their sufficient association with cargoes and industrial‐scale production have remained considerable challenges. This study focuses on the development of lipid‐based nanocarriers for CoQ10 by an industrial feasible process that prevents the use of any surfactants or organic solvents.
Seed germination and seedling establishment of an invasive tropical tree species under different climate change scenarios
Authors: Tietze Hedwig Selma Eugenia , Joshi Jasmin , Pugnaire Francisco Ignacio , de Sá Dechoum Michele 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIncreasing air temperature and atmospheric CO2 levels may affect the distribution of invasive species. Whereas there is wide knowledge on the effect of global change on temperate species, responses of tropical invasive species to these two global change drivers are largely unknown. We conducted a greenhouse experiment on Terminalia catappa L. (Combretaceae), an invasive tree species on Brazilian coastal areas, to evaluate the effects of increased air temperature and CO2 concentration on seed germination and seedling growth on the island of Santa Catarina (Florianópolis, Brazil). Seeds of the invasive tree were subjected to two temperature levels (ambient and +1.6 °C) and two CO2 levels (ambient and ~650 ppmv) with a factorial design. Increased temperature enhanced germination rate and shortened germination time of T. catappa seeds. It also increased plant height, number of leaves and above‐ground biomass. By contrast, increased atmospheric CO2 concentration had no significant effects, and the interaction between temperature and CO2 concentration did not affect any of the measured traits. Terminalia catappa adapts to a relatively broad range of environmental conditions, being able to tolerate cooler temperatures in its invasive range. As T. catappa is native to tropical areas, global warming might favour its establishment along the coast of subtropical South America, while increased CO2 levels seem not to have significant effects on seed germination or seedling growth.
Radiotherapy for metastatic spinal cord compression; can the Rades score predict survival?
Authors: Kerstens Peter , Yi Ma , James Melissa 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIntroductionMetastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC) can be debilitating and painful and carries a poor prognosis. There is increasing evidence that MSCC can be treated with single‐fraction radiotherapy. The Rades score is designed to assist in identifying better prognosis patients who may benefit from longer radiotherapy courses. This study aims to study patterns of care for MSCC at a single center in New Zealand, and assess the Rades score and other variables as predictors of survival.MethodsAn audit of patients receiving palliative radiotherapy for MSCC at a single center over a 5‐ year period (2010‐2014) was performed. Independent variables and the Rades score were gathered for each patient for statistical analysis to investigate associations between potential prognostic factors, treatments and survival.ResultsA total of 83 patients underwent analysis. Median overall survival was 14 weeks. Twenty Gray in five fractions (20 Gy/5) was the most frequently delivered radiotherapy course (89%). The simplified Rades score effectively stratified patients with Group 3 patients having significantly better survival with 40% surviving to 6 months compared to Group 1 and 2. Cancer type, receiving chemotherapy and receiving surgery were also significantly associated with survival.ConclusionOverall survival at our centre is consistent with other published series. The Rades score is valid for predicting more prolonged survival in our population and could be used in selecting patients for longer radiotherapy courses.
Cancer in Pregnancy
Authors: Eastwood‐Wilshere Naomi , Turner Jessica , Oliveira Niara , Morton Adam 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCancer in pregnancy may be increasing in incidence with advancing maternal age and higher rates of obesity. The diagnosis of cancer in pregnancy provokes complex management issues balancing short‐ and long‐term risks for both mother and baby. Every case needs to be individualized, with a multidisciplinary team of midwives, obstetricians, oncologists, surgeons, radiation oncologists, and neonatologists assisting the family to make informed decisions regarding the best treatment course for the mother and baby. The present article reviews the evidence regarding the safety of diagnostic imaging, procedures and treatment modalities for cancer for the pregnant woman and fetus. The efficacy of novel anticancer therapies highlight the need for International Registries to accumulate safety data for these agents in pregnancy as expeditiously as possible.
Comparative study of preterm infants fed new and existing human milk fortifiers showed favourable markers of gastrointestinal status
Authors: Rigo Jacques , Hascoët Jean‐Michel , Picaud Jean-Charles , Mosca Fabio , Rubio Amandine , Saliba Elie , Radkë Michaël , Simeoni Umberto , Guillois Bernard , Hays Nicholas P. , Hartweg Mickaël , Billeaud Claude , Spalinger Johannes 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimThis study examined the influence of different human milk fortifiers on biomarkers of gastrointestinal immaturity and inflammation in preterm infants.MethodsWe report secondary outcomes from a controlled, double‐blind, randomised, parallel group study conducted from 2011 to 2014 in neonatal intensive care units at 11 metropolitan hospitals in France, Belgium, Germany, Switzerland and Italy. Preterm infants born at up to 32 weeks or weighing up to 1500 g were randomised to a new powdered human milk fortifier (n = 77) or a control fortifier (n = 76) for a minimum of 21 days. We analysed faecal markers of gut inflammation, namely alpha‐1 antitrypsin and calprotectin, and maturity, namely elastase‐1.ResultsFaecal alpha‐1 antitrypsin was slightly lower in the new than control fortifier group after 21 days of full enteral feeding, with a geometric mean and standard deviation of 1.52 ± 1.32 vs 1.82 ± 1.44 mg/g stools (P = .01). There was no significant difference in faecal calprotectin (median [Q1‐Q3] of 296 [136‐565] μg/g stools in both groups combined at study day 21). Faecal elastase‐1 was lower in the new fortifier than control fortifier group (202.5 ± 1.6 vs 257.7 ± 1.5 μg/g stools, P = .016).ConclusionMean values for each parameter were within the ranges in healthy term infants, indicating favourable markers of gastrointestinal status in both groups. In addition, for faecal calprotectin, the relatively high concentration observed in preterm infants fed fortified human milk suggests that the threshold level for detecting necrotising enterocolitis should be revised.
Why spouses depress each other: A cross‐national study to test the shared resource hypothesis in depressive symptom concordance within older adult couples
Authors: Lu Peiyi , Shelley Mack 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe shared resource hypothesis suggests that married couples share the same environmental resources, which shape their health concordance. This study tests its cross‐national applicability. Cross‐sectional 2012–2013 Health and Retirement Study data from China, England, Mexico, and the United States were analyzed. Heterosexual couples (age ≥60) who were married or partnered were studied (N = 20,565 pairs). Dyadic data were analyzed by multilevel models to examine the effect of self and spousal social and physical health statuses on depressive symptoms. Regression models were used to test the relationship between couples' shared resources and depressive symptom concordance. Results indicated both husbands and wives' depressive symptoms were associated with their own and spouses' social and health statuses. Most couple‐level resources were insignificant predictors for Chinese and Mexican couples' concordance, but having more social and financial resources was associated with higher concordance among British and American couples. Self‐reported health was the most consistent predictor in all countries. The shared resource hypothesis was more applicable to depressive symptom concordance within couples in the United States and England, but not in China and Mexico. Couple‐centered intervention is suggested for clinical practice, and the spousal effect should be considered in policymaking.