Rejuvenating Handil Shallow Gravel Pack Wells with Effective Matrix Stimulation using Organic Clay Acid: Challenges, Lessons Learned, Results and Way Forward for Mature Fields Abstract
Authors: Primasari Indah , Wijaya Geraldie Lukman , Hadi Aen Nuril , Chendrika Lusiana , Merati Putu Astari 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Handil is a mature oil and gas field with dozens of wells drilled within 70-m distance. It has been developed since 1975 and operated by Indonesian national oil company, PT Pertamina Hulu Mahakam. Handil shallow reservoirs are located at depths between 200 and 1500 m true vertical depth (TVD). It has strong aquifer support and unconsolidated permeable sandstone reservoirs with poorly sorted grain size, requiring gravel pack completion. Since 2005, there have been 39 wells completed with gravel pack, contributing 40% of total Handil field production. Handil gravel pack wells are facing productivity impairment; several production tests indicated that 30% of the completed zones have a very low productivity index (less than 0.5 STB/D/psi) after a few years of production.
Organic clay acid (OCA) was proposed as a matrix acidizing technology to dissolve the fines in the critical near-wellbore matrix. For many years, matrix acidizing has been used to remove formation damage or improve productivity in formations containing siliceous clay. The most commonly used treatment fluid is mud acid, which is a mixture of hydrofluoric acid (HF) and hydrochloric acid (HCl). In many conventional mud acid treatments, after an initially good response to the treatment, the production falls to levels similar to those before the treatment; this is thought to be due to the precipitation from the reaction of HF with silica material on feldspar/clay, which results in more hydrated silica gel. Unlike conventional mud acid, OCA can allow a deeper live-acid penetration into the formation and limit possible reaction-product precipitates, which will enhance the effectiveness of the stimulation treatments.
Two OCA trial treatments were executed through coiled tubing. In the first job, the chemicals created an emulsion that was not compatible with fluid on the surface facilities. Demulsifier treatment on the surface successfully diluted the emulsion. Some adjustments on chemical composition have been applied on the second job, which successfully removed the emulsion. The pilot test yielded total oil production up to 900 BOPD (4,000 BLPD) instantaneous gain with ~80% improvement on productivity by reducing skin from &gt;100 to 5. Currently, both wells are still flowing after 6 months of production. Following this success story, more than 11 OCA jobs are planned to improve the productivity of the existing zones in 2018.
A recent matrix acidizing campaign in Handil shallow wells, highlighting the damage verification, candidate selection, acid chemistry, operational constraints, production results, and future opportunities. The logistics which include the flowback of spent acids and acid neutralization in the swamp area, and the addition of demulsifier in surface facilities will also be discussed. There were no core samples available to run a formation response test to the acid prior to the matrix acidizing treatment.