bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Programmed Diffusion Induces Anisotropic Superstructures in Hydrogels with High Mechano‐Optical Sensitivity
Authors: Qiao Laicong , Du Cong , Gong Jian Ping , Wu Zi Liang , Zheng Qiang 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMost soft biotissues possess intricate anisotropic superstructures, which afford living organism versatile functionalities. However, it remains a big challenge to develop such complex ordered structures in synthetic hydrogels. Here a simple and efficient strategy to fabricate periodically patterned hydrogels with complex anisotropic structures by diffusion‐induced orientation and gelation of a rigid polyanion is reported. Masks with well‐designed holes are used to direct the diffusion of multivalent metallic ions through the holes into the solution of rigid polyanions from one side or from two sides. Various periodically ordered structures are facilely formed under such a programmed diffusion field, which is tunable by pattern design and relative position of the masks. The mechanical properties of the thus formed physical gels can be effectively improved by incorporating a flexible and sparsely cross‐linked network, whereas the intricate superstructures are well maintained. The periodic birefringence pattern of this robust, anisotropic hydrogel is highly sensitive to the mechanical stress and strain, showing promising applications as optical devices and mechano‐optical sensors. The strategy demonstrated here should be applicable to other diffusion‐reaction systems toward designing biomimetic materials with intricate structures and versatile functions.
A Strategy of NIR Dual‐Excitation Upconversion for Ratiometric Intracellular Detection
Authors: Ke Jianxi , Lu Shan , Shang Xiaoying , Liu Yan , Guo Hanhan , You Wenwu , Li Xingjun , Xu Jin , Li Renfu , Chen Zhuo , Chen Xueyuan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIntracellular detection is highly desirable for biological research and clinical diagnosis, yet its quantitative analysis with noninvasivity, sensitivity, and accuracy remains challenging. Herein, a near‐infrared (NIR) dual‐excitation strategy is reported for ratiometric intracellular detection through the design of dye‐sensitized upconversion probes and employment of a purpose‐built NIR dual‐laser confocal microscope. NIR dye IR808, a recognizer of intracellular analyte hypochlorite, is introduced as energy donor and Yb,Er‐doped NaGdF4 upconversion nanoparticles are adopted as energy acceptor in the as‐designed nanoprobes. The efficient analyte‐dependent energy transfer and low background luminescence endow the nanoprobes with ultrahigh sensitivity. In addition, with the nonanalyte‐dependent upconversion luminescence (UCL) excited by 980 nm as a self‐calibrated signal, the interference from environmental fluctuation can be alleviated. Furthermore, the dual 808/980 nm excited ratiometric UCL is demonstrated for the quantification of the level of intracellular hypochlorite. Particularly, the intrinsic hypochlorite with only nanomolar concentration in live MCF‐7 cells in the absence of exogenous stimuli is determined. Such an NIR dual‐excitation ratiometric strategy based on dye‐sensitized UCL probes can be easily extended to detect various intracellular analytes through tailoring the reactive NIR dyes, which provides a promising tool for probing biochemical processes in live cells and diagnosing diseases.
Radial Hetero[5]catenanes: Peripheral Isomer Sequences of the Interlocked Macrocycles
Authors: Ng Antony Wing Hung , Yee Chi‐Chung , Au‐Yeung Ho Yu 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA pair of radial [5]catenanes, with either an isomeric cyclic ‐AABB‐ or ‐ABAB‐ type sequence of the interlocked β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) and cucurbit[6]uril (CB[6]) units, has been efficiently synthesized. Because of a marked difference in the binding strength and interlocking sequence of the peripheral macrocycles, interesting sequence‐dependent properties, characteristic of mechanically bonded macrocycles, were realized. Variable‐temperature1H NMR studies showed that the ‐ABAB‐ isomer has a more independent β‐CD dynamic, whereas the β‐CD motions in the ‐AABB‐ isomer are coupled. Dynamics of the pH‐insensitive β‐CD can also be further modulated upon base‐triggered mobilization of the CB[6]. These unique properties of the mechanical bond expressed in a sequence‐specific fashion and the transmission of the control on the macrocycle dynamics from one interlocked component to another, highlight the potential of similar complex hetero[n]catenanes in the design of advanced, multicomponent molecular machines.
Asymmetric Desymmetrization of Oxetanes for the Synthesis of Chiral Tetrahydrothiophenes and Tetrahydroselenophenes
Authors: Zhang Renwei , Guo Wengang , Duan Meng , Houk K. N. , Sun Jianwei 
Published: September 2019

AbstractChiral tetrahydrothiophenes and tetrahydroselenophenes are highly useful structural units. Described here is a new catalytic asymmetric approach for their synthesis. With a suitable chiral Brønsted acid catalyst, an oxetane desymmetrization by a well‐positioned internal sulfur or selenium nucleophile proceeded efficiently to generate all‐carbon quaternary stereocenters with excellent enantioselectivities. Taming the sulfur and selenium nucleophile in the form of a thioester and selenoester, respectively, is crucial to the success of this work. This approach also allows the facile synthesis of chiral tetrahydrothiopyrans. Mechanistic studies, including DFT calculations, suggested an intramolecular acyl‐transfer pathway. Utilities of the chiral products are also demonstrated.
Greatly Improving Electrochemical N2 Reduction over TiO2 Nanoparticles by Iron Doping
Authors: Wu Tongwei , Zhu Xiaojuan , Xing Zhe , Mou Shiyong , Li Chengbo , Qiao Yanxia , Liu Qian , Luo Yonglan , Shi Xifeng , Zhang Yanning , Sun Xuping 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTitanium‐based catalysts are needed to achieve electrocatalytic N2 reduction to NH3 with a large NH3 yield and a high Faradaic efficiency (FE). One of the cheapest and most abundant metals on earth, iron, is an effective dopant for greatly improving the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) performance of TiO2 nanoparticles in ambient N2‐to‐NH3 conversion. In 0.5 m LiClO4, Fe‐doped TiO2 catalyst attains a high FE of 25.6 % and a large NH3 yield of 25.47 μg h−1 mgcat−1 at −0.40 V versus a reversible hydrogen electrode. This performance compares favorably to those of all previously reported titanium‐ and iron‐based NRR electrocatalysts in aqueous media. The catalytic mechanism is further probed with theoretical calculations.
Circularly Polarized Luminescence Switching in Small Organic Molecules
Authors: Ma Jia‐Liang , Peng Qian , Zhao Cui‐Hua 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) switching is of significant interest for applications in security technologies and sensing devices. Small organic molecules (SOMs) show several advantages over metal complexes, supramolecular assemblies, and polymers. Therefore, the recent progress on the CPL switching in SOMs is here reviewed. The results are summarized based on the strategies used to tune factors that influence the emission properties, and thus, to realize CPL switching. The strategies that have been adopted include promoting the excimer formation of fluorescent units, changing the conformation of fluorophores, tuning the electronic structure of the π‐skeleton/substituent, and modulating the intramolecular charge‐transfer dynamics.
Extended Alkenyl and Alkynyl Benzotriazoles with Enhanced Two‐Photon Absorption Properties as a Promising Alternative to Benzothiadiazoles
Authors: Torres‐Moya Iván , Benitez‐Martin Carlos , Donoso Beatriz , Tardío Carlos , Martín Raúl , Carrillo José R. , Díaz‐Ortiz Ángel , Najera Francisco , Prieto Pilar , Perez‐Inestrosa Ezequiel 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA series of donor–π–acceptor–π–donor (D‐π‐A‐π‐D) benzoazole dyes with 2H‐benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole or BTD cores have been prepared and their photophysical properties characterized. The properties of these compounds display remarkable differences, mainly as a result of the electron‐donor substituent. Dyes with the best properties have visible‐light absorption over λ=400 nm, large Stokes shifts in the range of about 3500–6400 cm−1, and good fluorescence emission with quantum yields of up to 0.78. The two‐photon absorption properties were also studied to establish the relationship between structure and properties in the different compounds synthesized. These results provided cross sections of up to 1500 GM, with a predominance of S2←S0 transitions and a high charge‐transfer character. Time‐dependent DFT calculations supported the experimental results.
Molecularly Mixed Composite Membranes: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Zhu Guanghui , O'Nolan Daniel , Lively Ryan P. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe fabrication of porous molecules, such as metal–organic polyhedra (MOPs), porous organic cages (POCs) and others, has given rise to the potential for creating “solid solutions” of molecular fillers and polymers. Such solid solutions circumvent longstanding interface issues associated with mixed matrix membranes (MMMs), and are referred to as molecularly mixed composite membranes (MMCMs) to distinguish them from traditional two‐phase MMMs. Early investigations of MMCMs highlight the advantages of solid solutions over MMMs, including dispersion of the filler, anti‐plasticization of the polymer network, and removal of deleterious interfacial issues. However, the exact microscopic structure as well as the transport modality in this new class of membrane are not well understood. Moreover, there are clear engineering challenges that need to be addressed for MMCMs to transition into the field. In this Minireview, the authors outline several scientific and technological challenges associated with the aforementioned questions and their suggestions to tackle them.
Dung Beetle Body Condition: A Tool for Disturbance Evaluation in Contaminated Pastures
Authors: Villada-Bedoya Sebastián , Córdoba-Aguilar Alex , Escobar Federico , Martínez-Morales Imelda , González-Tokman Daniel 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The use of veterinary medical products and herbicides is a common practice in intensified livestock systems. These compounds affect nontarget organisms that perform important ecosystem functions, such as dung beetles. The assessment of body condition allows us to determine how individuals respond to changes in the environment. However, assessments of how contamination associated with cattle farming affects coprophagous insects such as dung beetles have not been conducted in natural systems. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of ivermectin (an antiparasitic drug) and herbicides on the body condition of 3 species of dung beetles collected in the field: Copris incertus, Euoniticellus intermedius, and Digitonthophagus gazella. We recorded 3 condition indicators (body size, lipid mass, and muscle mass) of beetles collected from 19 livestock ranches in northeastern Mexico. In general, the use of ivermectin had adverse effects on C. incertus and E. intermedius whereas the effects were positive for D. gazella. Conversely, the use of herbicides had adverse effects on D. gazella and positive effects on C. incertus. The different effects of ivermectin and herbicides found in males and females show that sex can be important in determining individual responses to environmental contamination. Importantly, we provide the first evidence under natural conditions that native and exotic species of dung beetles are highly sensitive to different types of livestock management, with veterinary medications and herbicides having the ability to alter body condition. Changes in dung beetle condition can reduce the ecosystem services that dung beetles provide in livestock systems. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:2392–2404. © 2019 SETAC
Nonsymmetric 2‐(v,k,λ) designs, with (r,λ)  = 1, admitting a solvable flag‐transitive automorphism group of affine type
Authors: Biliotti Mauro , Montinaro Alessandro , Rizzo Pierluigi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractNonsymmetric designs, with , admitting a solvable flag‐transitive automorphism group of affine type not contained in are classified.
Circular RNA hsa_circ_0053277 promotes the development of colorectal cancer by upregulating matrix metallopeptidase 14 via miR‐2467‐3p sequestration
Authors: Xiao Hongqi , Liu Ming 
Published: September 2019

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC), a kind of human gastrointestinal cancer, has been reported to be one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide. Increasing evidence has indicated that circular RNAs exert significant effects on the development of multiple cancers. Nevertheless, whether hsa_circ_0053277 regulates the progression of CRC remains to be explored. In this study, our results showed that the expression of hsa_circ_0053277 was markedly upregulated in CRC tissues and cells. Knockdown of hsa_circ_0053277 inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) process in CRC. miR‐2467‐3p had a binding site for hsa_circ_0053277. Molecular mechanism assays confirmed that hsa_circ_0053277 could bind with miR‐2467‐3p. In addition, hsa_circ_0053277 accelerated cell proliferation rate by acting as a sponge for miR‐2467‐3p in CRC. Matrix metalloproteinase 14 (MMP14) expression was notably upregulated in CRC cells and MMP14 was a downstream target gene of miR‐2467‐3p. Besides, hsa_circ_0053277 positively regulated MMP14 expression while miR‐2467‐3p negatively regulated MMP14 expression. Rescue assays verified that MMP14 knockdown countervailed the function of miR‐2467‐3p inhibitor on cell proliferation, migration, and EMT process in CRC. To sum up, hsa_circ_0053277 facilitated the development of CRC by sponging miR‐2467‐3p to upregulate MMP14 expression.
EMAST status as a beneficial predictor of fluorouracil‐based adjuvant chemotherapy for Stage II/III colorectal cancer
Authors: Mohammadpour Somayeh , Goodarzi Hamed R. , Jafarinia Mojtaba , Porhoseingholi Mohammad A. , Nazemalhosseini‐Mojarad Ehsan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundElevated microsatellite alteration at selected tetranucleotide repeats (EMAST) is a type of microsatellite instability that occurs in ∼60% of colorectal cancers (CRCs) and associated with MSH3 dysfunction. A 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU)‐related cytotoxicity is attenuated in MSH3‐deficient colon cancer cells. Reported here is the predictive value of EMAST in CRCs with Stage II or III disease treated with 5‐FU‐based chemotherapy.MethodsEMAST status was analyzed in 157 patients with CRC with Stage II or III disease and MSH3 expression was analyzed using immunohistochemistry. The patients treated with 5‐FU‐based chemotherapy were studied in terms of the links of EMAST status with MSH3 expression, clinicopathological features, and overall survival (OS).ResultsA total of 63 patients (40.1%) had EMAST positive (EMAST+) CRC and 77 patients (49.0%) had low MSH3 expression. EMAST+ tumors were associated with advanced TNM stage and poor and moderately differentiated tumor. EMAST CRC was more frequently observed in tumors with low expression of MSH3 in the nucleus (n = 53; 84.1%, p < .001). On multivariate analysis, patients with EMAST+ status had a worse OS (hazard ratio: 2.489, 95% confidence interval [1.149–5.394], and p = .021). Worse OS in EMAST+ patients who received 5‐FU‐based chemotherapy was significantly more common compared with EMAST− CRCs.ConclusionThere is a link between EMAST and reduced nuclear expression of MSH3. There is worse survival in patients with EMAST+ CRC after 5‐FU‐based chemotherapy. According to our findings, adjuvant 5‐FU‐based chemotherapy might not be advantageous in EMAST+ CRCs with Stage II or III disease.
Elective neck dissection (END) and cN0 hard palate and upper gingival cancers: A National Cancer Database analysis of factors predictive of END and impact on survival
Authors: Obayemi Adetokunbo , Cracchiolo Jennifer R. , Migliacci Jocelyn C. , Husain Qasim , Rahmati Rahmatullah , Roman Benjamin R. , Cohen Marc A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe reported risk of nodal metastasis in hard palate and upper gingival squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) has been inconsistent with inadequate consensus regarding the utility of neck dissection in the clinically negative (cN0) neck.Materials and MethodsUsing the National Cancer Database, cN0 patients diagnosed with SCC of the head and neck with the subsites of the hard palate and upper gingiva were identified from 2004 to 2014.ResultsA total of 1830 patients were identified, and END was performed on 422 patients with cN0 tumors. Pathologically positive nodes occurred in 14% (59/422) of patients in this cohort. Higher tumor stage, academic hospital type, and large hospital volume (>28 cancer‐specific cases/year) were associated with a higher likelihood of END both in univariate and multivariate analyses (P < .05). Patients >80 years of age were less likely to receive END on multivariate analysis (OR 0.52, 0.32‐0.84). No variables, including advanced T stage, predicted occult metastases. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that patients who underwent END demonstrated improved OS over an 11‐year period (hazard ratio 0.75, P = .002). On subgroup analysis, this improvement was significant in patients with both stage T1 and T4 tumors.ConclusionsTumor stage, hospital type, and hospital volume were associated with higher rates of END for patients with cN0 hard palate SCC and after controlling for clinical factors, END was associated with improved overall survival.
From desire to help to taking action: Effects of personal traits and social media on market mavens’ diffusion of information
Authors: Kiani Isar , Laroche Michel 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWhile extant research has studied traits of market mavens and the link from mavenism to market helping behavior, there is a need for more research to understand personal and contextual factors that influence actual recommendations of products and differences among market mavens with different traits in that respect. In this study, we took research in the area of market mavenism one step further and investigated the role of personal traits such as self‐esteem and susceptibility to normative interpersonal influence, and the contextual factor of social media, in the frequency of recommendations. We hypothesize that while market mavens with lower self‐esteem are likely to engage in less frequent recommendations, negative effect of their lower self‐esteem is attenuated when they use social media platforms as their medium of choice. Our findings lend support to our hypotheses, including the triple interaction effect between self‐esteem, choice of social media, and market mavenism on market recommendations.
Compassionate Use of Cefiderocol in the Treatment of an Intraabdominal Infection Due to Multidrug‐Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa: A Case Report
Authors: Stevens Ryan W. , Clancy Megan 
Published: September 2019

Multidrug‐resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections often represent a therapeutic challenge requiring utilization of older, more toxic antibiotics, or new agents with limited data. Once susceptibility to β‐lactam and fluoroquinolone antibiotics has been lost, other therapeutic options such as aminoglycoside or polymyxin antibiotics carry significant adverse effects such as nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and ototoxicity. A novel cephalosporin, cefiderocol, lacks gram‐positive and anaerobic activity but offers broad coverage of gram‐negative bacteria, including P. aeruginosa. A unique catechol side chain gives it activity as a siderophore, thereby increasing bacterial uptake and decreasing efflux. Additionally, cefiderocol is stable against a wide array of β‐lactamases. Despite these promising characteristics, there are minimal data currently available in the literature detailing the use of cefiderocol in the treatment of MDR P. aeruginosa infections. We present a case of a 46‐year‐old man who developed an MDR P. aeruginosa intraabdominal infection where serious and life‐threatening toxicities to aminoglycosides and polymyxin antibiotics led to the utilization of cefiderocol on compassionate use approval. The isolate was susceptible to cefiderocol, and the patient was treated for 28 days of therapy. He demonstrated clinical and radiographic resolution of his infection and was discharged to home.
Fused Chromeno‐Thieno/Furo‐Pyridines as Potential Analogs of Lamellarin D and their Anticancer Activity Evaluation
Authors: Kumar T. Uday , Bobde Yamini , Pulya Sravani , Rangan Krishnan , Ghosh Balaram , Bhattacharya Anupam 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA linear route for the preparation of chromeno‐thio/furo‐pyridine system as potential analogs for anticancer compound lamellarin D is reported in this paper. The target molecules were obtained in modest to good yields by using FeCl3 catalyzed modified Pictet‐Spengler reaction as the crucial final step. Compounds bearing furan rings showed higher overall yield compared to their thiophene congeners. Final molecules were subjected to anticancer activity screening against three different cancer cell lines. Compounds bearing fused furan rings showed better activity, with the best IC50 value (6.83 μM) obtained when 4‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)‐6H‐chromeno[3,4‐b]furo[3,2‐d]pyridin‐6‐one was screened against MCF‐7 (breast cancer) cell lines.
Soil aquifer treatment to meet reclaimed water requirements
Authors: Shabani Farzaneh , Aflaki Roshanak , Minamide Traci , Venezia Teresa , Stenstrom Michael K. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTo increase the opportunities and reduce the cost of indirect potable reuse, soil aquifer treatment (SAT) was evaluated at the City of Los Angeles' Donald C. Tillman Water Reclamation Plant (DCTWRP) in a 2.5‐year pilot study. Six soil columns were operated between February 2016 and November 2018 treating DCTWRP effluent. The goal was to reduce the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the effluent to lower concentrations in order to increase the allowable volumes for reclamation. An integrated part of the study was to evaluate the biodegradability of organics in different waters using biodegradable (BDOC) analyses. BDOC has been used in similar research in the past, and in this research, BDOC was an accurate predictor of column performance in removing organic carbon. The total organic carbon in tertiary DCTWRP effluent was reduced from 7 to 10 mg/L to 0.9 to 2.5 mg/L through a process train beginning with ozonation of the tertiary effluent, followed by biological activated carbon, and finally to the soil column effluents. Additional short‐term treatments including reverse osmosis, additional ozonation, and low‐pressure UV were also evaluated. The soil columns removed N‐nitrosodimethylamine to detection limits. Finally, results from SAT and BDOC were used to develop a kinetic model to predict biodegradation of organic matter of wastewater origin through a soil aquifer system.Practitioner points

Soil aquifer treatment is often used in indirect potable reuse projects to protect aquifers.

Soil aquifer treatment was simulated in six pilot columns for 2.5 years.

Columns were fed tertiary effluent from a nutrient‐removal type‐activated sludge plant.

Effluent TOC was reduced from 10 mg/L to 0.9 to 2.5 mg/L, and nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) was also removed.

Biodegradable organic carbon analyses accurately predicted soil column performance in removing organic carbon.