bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel graph invariant: The third leap Zagreb index under several graph operations
Authors: Maji Durbar , Ghorai Ganesh 
Published: August 2019

The third leap Zagreb index of a graph [Formula: see text] is denoted as [Formula: see text] and is defined as [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are the 2-distance degree and the degree of the vertex [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text], respectively. The first, second and third leap Zagreb indices were introduced by Naji et al. [A. M. Naji, N. D. Soner and I. Gutman, On leap Zagreb indices of graphs, Commun. Combin. Optim. 2(2) (2017) 99–117] in 2017. In this paper, the behavior of the third leap Zagreb index under several graph operations like the Cartesian product, Corona product, neighborhood Corona product, lexicographic product, strong product, tensor product, symmetric difference and disjunction of two graphs is studied.
Le Rôle de l’écriture dans la mise en confiance des jeunes enseignants en FLE au Brésil
Authors: Galli Joice Armani , Aubin Simone Pires Barbosa 
Published: August 2019

Cet article traite des défis et des difficultés rencontrés par les enseignants débutants en Français Langue Étrangère (FLE) dans la région Nord-est du Brésil. Il s’agit de réflexions menées par le laboratoire LENUFLE, engagé dans les discussions sur la méthodologie et la recherche autour de l’enseignement du français. Outre l’identification des peurs et des difficultés rencontrées dans les classes de FLE, cette étude proposera des solutions concrètes à ce problème au travers de l’expression écrite considérée ici comme un outil important dans le processus de mise en confiance des jeunes enseignants. Par ailleurs, il sera suggéré des activités pouvant développer la compétence écrite notamment les commentaires littéraires, les rapports de stage et le mémoire de fin d´études. Nos analyses se fondent sur les travaux de Desmons (2005), Cuq & Gruca (2010) et Cicurel (2011). Les résultats donnent des pistes pour mieux vivre les premières expériences en salle de classe de langues étrangères.
Extreme Snow Events along the Coast of the Northeast United States: Analysis of Observations and HiRAM Simulations
Authors: Chen Guoxing , Wang Wei-Chyung , Tao Lijun , Hsu Huang-Hsiung , Tu Chia-Ying , Cheng Chao-Tzuen 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis study used both observations and global climate model simulations to investigate the characteristics of winter extreme snowfall events along the coast (the Interstate 95 corridor) of the northeast United States where several mega-cities are located. Observational analyses indicate that, during 1980–2015, 110 events occurred when four coastal cities—Boston, New York City, Philadelphia, and Washington, D.C.—had either individually or collectively experienced daily snowfall exceeding the local 95th percentile thresholds. Boston had the most events, with a total of 69, followed by 40, 36, and 30 (moving southward) in the other three cities. The associated circulations at 200 and 850 hPa were categorized via K-means clustering. The resulting three composite circulations are characterized by the strength and location of the jet at 200 hPa and the coupled low pressure system at 850 hPa: a strong jet overlying the cities coupled with an inland trough, a weak and slightly southward shifted jet coupled with a cyclone at the coast, and a weak jet stream situated to the south of the cities coupled with a cyclone over the coastal oceans. Comparative analyses were also conducted using the GFDL High Resolution Atmospheric Model (HiRAM) simulation of the same period. Although the simulated extreme events do not provide one-to-one correspondence with observations, the characteristics nevertheless show consistency notably in total number of occurrences, intraseasonal and multiple-year variations, snow spatial coverage, and the associated circulation patterns. Possible future change in extreme snow events was also explored utilizing the HiRAM RCP8.5 (2075–2100) simulation. The analyses suggest that a warming global climate tends to decrease the extreme snowfall events but increase extreme rainfall events.
Adherence to the Street Code Predicts an Earlier Anticipated Death
Authors: Wolff Kevin T. , Intravia Jonathan , Baglivio Michael T. , Piquero Alex R. 
Published: August 2019

Objectives: Criminologists have long been interested in the relationship between subcultural attitudes and antisocial behavior, with Anderson’s street code thesis being the most recent and often researched foray in this area. Relatedly, scholars have begun to investigate the risk factors associated with the anticipation of early death. Extant research, however, has yet to empirically test Anderson’s hypothesis that subscription to the street code is predictive of an anticipated early death. This study contributes to the literatures on the street code as well as fatalism by investigating the link between these two constructs. Methods: Using data from a sample of serious youthful offenders, we examine whether street code values are related to the anticipation of a short life span using a number of multivariate regression techniques controlling for a range of individual- and community-level variables. Results: Results show adherence to the street code is significantly associated with an anticipated early death among the sample of delinquent youth. Further, the relationship between street code and anticipated early death holds across race/ethnicity and gender, and results are not sensitive to the measurement of an anticipated early death. Findings from the current research are discussed, along with implications for policy and future research.
Medical Stress Reactions and Personal Growth in Parents of Children With a Rare Craniofacial Condition
Authors: Feragen Kristin Billaud , Stock Nicola Marie , Myhre Anita , Due-tønnessen Bernt J. 
Published: August 2019

Background: The birth of a child with a congenital craniofacial anomaly (CFA) can have a profound psychological impact on the family. Despite the complexity and variability in treatment for these rare conditions, few studies have been conducted into parents’ emotional responses to health-care experiences. The aim of the present study was to investigate parents’ subjective experiences of their child’s condition and treatment using an in-depth qualitative approach. Methods: Individual semistructured interviews were conducted in person or over the telephone with 48 parents of children with a range of rare CFAs. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, translated into English, and analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. Results: Participants reported physical and psychological symptoms that could be indicative of medical traumatic stress in relation to their child’s diagnosis and treatment. Participants described feelings of powerlessness and the weight of being responsible for their child’s care. Yet, participants also reported that as a result of their experiences, their perspective on life had changed and they had grown in self-confidence. Conclusions: The findings provide insight into the complex physical and psychological effects experienced by parents in response to their child’s diagnosis and medical treatment, as well as an understanding of how these experiences may also result in personal growth over time. Implementation of trauma-informed evidence-based resources should be considered in craniofacial care and future research, particularly in regard to prevention and treatment of psychological distress.
Using Two-Eyed Seeing in Research With Indigenous People: An Integrative Review
Authors: Wright A. L. , Gabel C. , Ballantyne M. , Jack S. M. , Wahoush O. 
Published: August 2019

Background: The Two-Eyed Seeing approach has been advocated for use in research with Indigenous people as it creates a space for Western and Indigenous ways of knowing to come together using the best of both worldviews to aid understanding and solve problems. Foundational literature presents its use as a promising way to promote ethical exchanges between Indigenous and non-Indigenous people, but the practical application of its concepts to research remains vague. Method: This integrative review, using the Whittemore and Knafl approach, describes the state of the literature pertaining to the interpretation and application of Two-Eyed Seeing. Following a search of the literature, 37 articles were selected for inclusion, and primary studies ( n = 11) were critiqued for quality. Data were extracted, analyzed, and synthesized into themes. Results: Three themes were compiled from the literature including (a) defining characteristics of Two-Eyed Seeing, (b) suggested attributes of those engaging with Two-Eyed Seeing, and (c) the application of Two-Eyed Seeing in research. Conclusions: This review demonstrates inconsistencies in how to date researchers have interpreted and applied Two-Eyed Seeing in research with Indigenous people. The collection of key attributes of researchers and application procedures to research discussed in this review present a new standard for the application of Two-Eyed Seeing to research with Indigenous people. Researchers using Two-Eyed Seeing should thoroughly describe their application of its concepts to promote its maturation into a well-defined framework for research with Indigenous people.
Effect of a Controlled Ankle Motion Walking Boot on Syndesmotic Instability During Weightbearing: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: Lamer Stéphanie , Hébert-Davies Jonah , Dubé Vincent , Leduc Stéphane , Sandman Émilie , Ménard Jérémie , Nault Marie-Lyne 
Published: August 2019

Background: Syndesmotic injuries can lead to long-term complications; hence, they require careful management. Conservative treatment is adequate when 1 syndesmotic ligament is injured, but surgery is often necessary to achieve articular congruity when 3 syndesmotic ligaments are ruptured. However, there is some controversy over the best treatment for 2-ligament injuries. Purpose: To evaluate the effect of a controlled ankle motion (CAM) walking boot on syndesmotic instability following iatrogenic isolated anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament (AiTFL) injury and combined AiTFL/interosseous ligament (IOL) injuries in a cadaveric simulated weightbearing model. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Ten cadaveric specimens were dissected to expose the tibial plateau and syndesmosis. The specimens were fitted to a custom-made device, and a reproducible axial load of 750 N was applied. Iatrogenic rupture of the syndesmotic ligaments (AiTFL + IOL) was done sequentially. Uninjured syndesmoses, isolated AiTFL rupture, and combined AiTFL/IOL rupture were compared with and without axial loading (AL) and CAM boot. The distal tibiofibular relationship was evaluated using a previously validated computed tomography scan measurement system. Wilcoxon tests for paired samples and nonparametric data were used. Results: The only difference noted in the distal tibiofibular relationship during AL was an increase in the external rotation of the fibula when using the CAM boot. This was observed with AiTFL rupture (8.40° vs 11.17°; P = .009) and combined AiTFL/IOL rupture (8.81° vs 11.97°; P = .005). Conclusion: AL did not cause a significant displacement between the tibia and fibula, even when 2 ligaments were ruptured. However, the CAM boot produced a significant external rotation with 1 or 2 injured ligaments. Clinical Relevance: Further studies are needed to assess the capacity of the CAM walking boot to prevent malreduction when external rotation forces are applied to the ankle. Moreover, special care should be taken during the fitting of the CAM boot to avoid overinflation of the cushions.
Elimination of Steroid Drops After Vitreoretinal Surgery
Authors: Atchison Elizabeth A. , Gilca Marina , Civantos Joseph M. , Pollack John S. 
Published: August 2019

Purpose: The objective of this study was to compare intraocular pressure (IOP) and inflammatory outcomes between patients receiving a single subconjunctival triamcinolone acetonide injection at the end of surgery and those receiving subconjunctival dexamethasone at the end of surgery plus a traditional topical steroid drop taper. Methods: A retrospective consecutive case series compared patients operated on by 2 surgeons, both utilizing 500 mL BSS-PLUS (balanced salt solution with bicarbonate, dextrose, and glutathione; Alcon Laboratories, Inc) infusion solution containing 10 mg dexamethasone, which is added to the solution in the operating room or at the pharmacy. However, one surgeon utilized a single 4 mg triamcinolone acetonide subconjunctival injection at the end of surgery, without additional steroid drops (intervention group), and the other utilized subconjunctival dexamethasone plus a traditional topical steroid taper over a period of 4 to 6 weeks (control group). Results: There were 161 surgeries in the intervention group and 163 in the control group. No statistically significant differences were found in the usage rate of additional IOP-lowering drops, IOP > 29 mmHg, or IOP increase ≥ 10 mmHg over baseline during the follow-up period. Inflammatory complications were rare in both groups. Five percent of those in the intervention group received supplemental topical steroid drops postoperatively. Conclusions: A single subconjunctival triamcinolone acetonide injection at the end of surgery may represent a reasonable alternative to requiring patients to use a steroid drop taper following vitreoretinal surgery.
Novel GM-CSF signals via IFN-γR/IRF-1 and AKT/mTOR license monocytes for suppressor function
Authors: Ribechini Eliana , Hutchinson James A. , Hergovits Sabine , Heuer Marion , Lucas Jörg , Schleicher Ulrike , Jordán Garrote Ana-Laura , Potter Sarah J. , Riquelme Paloma , Brackmann Heike , Müller Nora , Raifer Hartmann , Berberich Ingolf , Huber Magdalena , Beilhack Andreas , Lohoff Michael , Bogdan Christian , Eyrich Matthias , Hermanns Heike M. , Geissler Edward K. , Lutz Manfred B. 
Published: August 2019

Key PointsNovel GM-CSF signaling pathways through IFN-γR/IRF-1 and AKT/mTOR provide monocyte licensing for suppressor function. Only licensed but not fresh Ly-6Chigh murine or human CD14+ monocytes secrete nitric oxide or IDO for T-cell suppression.
Pyrotinib or Lapatinib Combined With Capecitabine in HER2–Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer With Prior Taxanes, Anthracyclines, and/or Trastuzumab: A Randomized, Phase II Study
Authors: Ma Fei , Ouyang Quchang , Li Wei , Jiang Zefei , Tong Zhongsheng , Liu Yunjiang , Li Huiping , Yu Shiying , Feng Jifeng , Wang Shusen , Hu Xichun , Zou Jianjun , Zhu Xiaoyu , Xu Binghe 
Published: August 2019

PURPOSE Pyrotinib, an irreversible pan-ErbB inhibitor, showed promising antitumor activity and acceptable tolerability in a phase I trial. We assessed the efficacy and tolerability of pyrotinib versus lapatinib, both in combination with capecitabine, in women with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive metastatic breast cancer in an open-label, multicenter, randomized phase II study. PATIENTS AND METHODS Chinese patients with HER2-positive relapsed or metastatic breast cancer previously treated with taxanes, anthracyclines, and/or trastuzumab were assigned (1:1) to receive 400 mg pyrotinib or lapatinib 1,250 mg orally once per day for 21-day cycles in combination with capecitabine (1,000 mg/m2 orally twice per day on days 1 to 14). The primary end point was investigator-assessed overall response rate per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST), version 1.1. RESULTS Between May 29, 2015, and March 15, 2016, 128 eligible patients were randomly assigned to the pyrotinib (n = 65) or lapatinib (n = 63) treatment groups. The overall response rate was 78.5% (95% CI, 68.5% to 88.5%) with pyrotinib and 57.1% (95% CI, 44.9% to 69.4%) with lapatinib (treatment difference, 21.3%; 95% CI, 4.0% to 38.7%; P = .01). The median progression-free survival was 18.1 months (95% CI, 13.9 months to not reached) with pyrotinib and 7.0 months (95% CI, 5.6 to 9.8 months) with lapatinib (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.23 to 0.58; P < .001). The most frequent grade 3 to 4 adverse events were hand-foot syndrome in 16 of 65 patients (24.6%) in the pyrotinib group versus 13 of 63 (20.6%) in the lapatinib group; diarrhea in 10 patients (15.4%) versus three patients (4.8%), respectively; and decreased neutrophil count in six patients (9.2%) versus two patients (3.2%), respectively. CONCLUSION In women with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer previously treated with taxanes, anthracyclines, and/or trastuzumab, pyrotinib plus capecitabine yielded statistically significant better overall response rate and progression-free survival than lapatinib plus capecitabine in this randomized phase II trial.
An investigation into the effect of body mass index on the agreement between whole-body fat mass determined by MRI and air-displacement plethysmography
Authors: Weedall Andrew D. , Wilson Adrian J. , Wayte Sarah C. 
Published: August 2019

Objective: To validate MRI fat measurement protocols using purpose built test objects and by comparison with air-displacement plethysmography (ADP) whole-body fat measurements in non-obese subjects. Methods: Test objects of known fat concentration were used to quantify the accuracy of the MRI measurements. 10 participants with a body mass index in the range 18–30 underwent whole-body MRI using two different Dixon-based sequences (LAVA Flex and IDEAL IQ) to obtain an estimate of their whole-body fat mass. The MRI determined fat mass was compared to the fat mass determined by ADP. Results: MRI test object measurements showed a high correlation to expected fat percentage (r > 0.98). The participant MRI and ADP results were highly correlated (r = 0.99) but on average (mean ± standard deviation) MRI determined a higher fat mass than ADP (3.8 ± 3.1 kg for LAVA Flex and 1.9 ± 3.2 kg for IDEAL IQ). There was no trend in the difference between MRI and ADP with total fat mass. Conclusion: The good agreement between MRI and ADP shows that Dixon-based MRI can be used effectively as a tool in physiological research for non-obese adults. Advances in knowledge: This work found that for ten non-obese subjects body mass index had no effect on the MRI determination of whole-body fat mass.
The CT fish mouth ampulla sign: a highly specific finding in main duct and mixed intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms
Authors: Zhang Ting Ting , Sadler Timothy J , Whitley Siobhan , Brais Rebecca , Godfrey Edmund 
Published: August 2019

Objective: Main duct and mixed intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) are pre-malignant cystic pancreatic neoplasms associated with pancreatic duct dilatation. Distinguishing these from benign causes of pancreatic duct dilatation is important in order to allow appropriate surveillance or surgery. A patulous duodenal papilla with extrusion of mucus at endoscopic evaluation, the endoscopic fish mouth ampulla (E-FMA) sign, is reported in main duct and mixed IPMN. We aimed to establish whether a CT correlate (CT-FMA) of this sign exists and whether this was associated with the presence of invasion or high-grade dysplasia. We defined the CT-FMA sign as an uninterrupted column of water attenuation material running from the pancreatic duct to the duodenal lumen. Methods: A retrospective, blinded review of 44 patients with histologically confirmed IPMN and 87 age-matched controls with pancreatic duct dilatation on CT was undertaken. A case–control series matched for the degree of pancreatic duct dilatation was used to compare the rates of invasion or high-grade dysplasia between main duct and mixed IPMN patients, with and without a CT-FMA sign. Results: The CT-FMA sign could be identified in 18.5% patients with main duct/mixed IPMN with specificity 100%, positive predictive value 100% and negative predictive value 79.8%. A significant association was found between CT-FMA in main duct/mixed IPMN compared to controls, but not with the presence of high-grade dysplasia or invasion. Conclusions: The CT-FMA sign is a newly reported, highly specific sign of MD and mixed IPMN. Advances in knowledge: If a fish mouth ampulla is identified at CT, a diagnosis of main duct or mixed IPMN is highly likely.
A study of micro finance institution’s role in developing the small scale enterprises of Ethiopia
Authors: Srivastava Anubha , Kulshresthra Preeti 
Published: August 2019

This study was conducted in Gedio zone small scale enterprise financed by micro finance institution. The main objective the study was to evaluate and determine the factor that determines loan repayment performance of small scale enterprise financed by yirgachefeMFI. For the success of the study both primary and secondary data were collected to determine the loan repayment performance of small scale enterprises in Gedio zone. Questionnaire were administered to 50 borrower and manager of MFI. The data gathered are tabulated and interpreted for ease of analysis and suitability for the reader.
Un nouveau décorateur «Génial» de Lezoux et la collection des moules pour Sigillée gallo-romaine du Musée du Louvre
Authors: Márton András , Specque Florence , Gauthier Estelle 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Moulds and potters’ marks are primary sources for our understanding of the relief decorated terra sigillata production. In this paper the Gallo-roman terra sigillata moulds (for relief decorated bowls and goblets) from the collection of the Louvre are presented together with a signed fragment from a relief decorated terra sigillata bowl from Lezoux. Among the moulds several potters’ centres are represented: La Graufesenque, Les Martres-de-Veyre, Lezoux and Rheinzabern ranging chronologically from the Trajanic to the Antonine periods. These finds allow a better understanding of workshop activities, individual potter’s style and enrich the repertory of motifs and dies used by the decorators. The bowl fragment reveals the name of a Trajanic Lezoux potter Genialis. Based on this fragment, we can hitherto name a previously anonymous Lezoux potter (Potter X-5) and characterise better his activity as one of the early workshop leaders “advertising” himself by large marks stamped into the decoration.
Analyse der Spätrömischen Grab- und Beigabensitte. Lehre zur Überprüfung des Gräberfeldmaterials von Somogyszil
Authors: Horváth Friderika , Miháczi-Pálfi Anett 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe Somogyszil cemetery had become known in 1964, when a local resident reported the finds. The site was excavated by Balázs Draveczky uncovering 148 late Roman graves up to 1968. The whole cemetery was published in 1979 by Alice Sz. Burger. Our research agenda focuses on the spatial organization of the burial grounds used by the province’s rural population as well as on burial customs (funerary rites, grave and burial types), chronology and the mapping of local and non-local tendencies. During the critical re-assessment of the cemetery, we have found that the establishment and use of this late Roman burial ground could be connected to a heterogeneous community.