bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality of Root Canal Fillings Performed by Undergraduate Dental Students
Authors: Unal Gul Celik , Kececi Ayse Diljin , Kaya Bulem Ureyen , Tac Ali Gurhan 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTObjectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the radiographic quality of root canal fillings performed by first and second clinical year dental students at the Faculty of Dentistry in Süleyman Demirel University, Turkey. Methods: The technical quality of 833 root canal fillings was evaluated by three examiners according to the density of the filling and the distance between the end of the filling and the radiographic apex. A root canal with acceptable filling length and homogeneous root filling was defined as being good quality endodontic work (GQEW). A treated tooth was defined as having good quality endodontic work tooth (GQEW-T) when all its canals had a GQEW rating. Results: A Chi-square (χ2) test at the 0.05 significance level was used for the statistical analysis of the data. Of a total of 833 root canals, 662 (79.47%) root fillings were classed as GQEW. Two hundred fifty canals (73.4%) (135 teeth) treated by first clinical year dental students were defined as GQEW-T while 412 canals (204 teeth) (73.9%) treated by second clinical year dental students were defined as GQEW-T (P>.05). Most of the GQEW-T were defined in anterior teeth (90.1%), whereas the fewest were in molar teeth (46.6%) for both first and second clinical year dental students (P<.001). Conclusions: The quality of root canal fillings in anterior teeth performed by undergraduate dental students in Isparta, Turkey was satisfactory. However, to improve the success with molar teeth, education about newer techniques and instruments must be incorporated into the preclinical and clinical curriculum. (Eur J Dent 2011;5:324-330)
The Effect of Investment Materials on the Color of Feldspathic Ceramics
Authors: Azevedo Cubas Gloria Beatriz de , Fontes Sílvia Terra , Camacho Guilherme Brião , Demarco Flávio Fernando , Pereira-Cenci Tatiana 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTObjectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of investment type on the color of feldspathic ceramics. Methods: Ceramic specimens were constructed using the refractory die technique, using four investments (i.e., Vitadurvest, Duravest, Duceralay Superfit, and Fortune) to observe their effect on the color of five commercially available ceramics (i.e., Super Porcelain EX-3, Vision Esthetic, Vintage Halo, IPS Classic, and Vitadur Alpha). The color analysis of the ceramics was performed with a colorimeter using the CIE L*a*b* color coordinates. Results: The investments produced significant alterations on a*, b*, and L* color parameters of the ceramics tested. The ceramic Vision Esthetic was influenced by the type of investment in all color parameters (P<.05). Two investments (Duravest and Fortune) produced alterations in color parameters with three of the five ceramics tested. Conclusions: The investment materials produced alterations on the ceramic color parameters, resulting in unacceptable chromatic alterations (ΔE*). (Eur J Dent 2011;5:433-440)
Color and opacity of composites protected with surface sealants and submitted to artificial accelerated aging
Authors: Aguilar Fabiano Gamero , Roberti Garcia Lucas da Fonseca , Cruvinel Diogo Rodrigues , Silva Sousa Ana Beatriz , Pires-de-Souza Fernanda de Carvalho Panzeri 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTObjectives: To evaluate the color similarity, stability and opacity of composites (TPH, Charisma, and Concept, shade A2) protected with surface sealants (Fortify Plus and Biscover) and cyanoacrylate (Super Bonder).Methods: Forty specimens of each composite were made and separated into 4 groups (n=10) according to the surface protection: GI - without sealant; GII - cyanoacrylate; GIII - Fortify Plus; GIV - Biscover. Color and opacity readings were taken before and after Artificial Acelerated Aging (AAA) and the values obtained for color stability were submitted to statistical analysis by 2-way ANOVA and Bonferroni’s test (P<.05). The values acquired for color similarity were submitted to 1-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (P<.05). The specimen sufaces were compared before and after AAA using Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM).Results: Studied composites did not present the same values for the coordinates L*, a* and b * before AAA, indicating that there was no color similarity among them. All composites presented color alteration after AAA with clinically unacceptable values. Protected groups presented lower opacity variation after AAA, in comparison with the control goup. SEM evaluation demonstrated that AAA increased the surface irregularities in all of the studied groups.Conclusion: Surface sealants were not effective in maintaining composite color, but were able to maintain opacity. (Eur J Dent 2012;6:24-33)
Conservative reconstruction of the smile by orthodontic, bleaching, and restorative procedures
Authors: Sundfeld Renato Herman , Machado Lucas Silveira , de Oliveira Fernanda Garcia , Santos Eduardo Almada , Lugato Isabel Cristina Prado Torres , Neto Daniel Sundfeld 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTThe following is a clinical case report of a patient whose chief complaint was the presence of generalized spacing in the maxillary anterior segment following orthodontic treatment. After meticulous clinical analyses and discussions of the clinical procedures to be adopted, dental bleaching was performed in both arches with 10% hydrogen peroxide (Opalescence Trèswhite Supreme 10% Hydrogen Peroxide - Ultradent Products, Inc., South Jordan, USA) after the conclusion and stabilization of orthodontic treatment. Then, the orthodontic appliance was removed and the diastemas in the maxillary anterior teeth were closed with Amelogen Plus (Ultradent Products, Inc., South Jordan, USA) resin composite. It was observed that the association of orthodontic, bleaching, and restorative procedures was capable of restoring dental shape, function, and esthetics, allowing the patient to smile without hesitation. (Eur J Dent 2012;6:105-109)
Radiopacity evaluation of composite restorative resins and bonding agents using digital and film x-ray systems
Authors: Oztas Bengi , Kursun Sebnem , Dinc Gul , Kamburoglu Kıvanc 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTObjective: The purpose of this in vitro study was to explore the radiopacity of composite resins and bonding materials using film and phosphor plates.Methods: Nine composite dental resin specimens and human tooth slices were exposed together with an aluminium stepwedge using dental film and phosphor plates. Eight dentin bonding specimens were prepared and exposed in a similar manner. Their radiopacity on film was assessed using a transmission densitometer, and the radiopacity with phosphor plates was assessed digitally using the system’s own software (Digora). Data were analysed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc Tukey tests (P<.05). Film and phosphor plate radiopacity values were compared using simple regression analysisResults: Excellent linear correlation was found between film and phosphor plates for both composite resins and bonding agents. The composite materials Spectrum Tph and Natural Look exhibited the highest radiopacity with film and with phosphor plates, respectively. All the dentin bonding agents tested exhibited lower radiopacity than dentin. Conclusion: Synergy, Ice, Filtek Silorane, Filtek Z250, Clearfil Majesty Posterior, Herculite Classic, Spectrum Tph, and Natural Look composite materials exhibited greater radiopacity than dentin, and all the dentin bonding agents tested exhibited lower radiopacity than either enamel or dentin. (Eur J Dent 2012;6:115-122)
Multidisciplinary treatment of non-syndromic oligodontia
Authors: Bural Canan , Oztas Evren , Ozturk Sukru , Bayraktar Gulsen 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTOligodontia is the agenesis of 6 or more teeth, excluding third molars. The etiology of congenital absence of teeth is believed to be rooted in heredity or developmental anomalies. The absence of teeth in patients can cause aesthetic, functional, and psychological problems, particularly if the anterior region is involved. This case report describes the multidisciplinary treatment approach toward a patient 17 years of age with non-syndromic oligodontia, with absence of 11 permanent teeth. Genetic counseling revealed non-syndromic, autosomal-recessive-linked oligodontia. The objectives of the first phase of therapy were pre-prosthetic orthodontic space opening for proper positioning of the missing teeth and correction of inter-maxillary relations, as a prerequisite for proper prosthetic restoration. The second phase of therapy was prosthetic restoration of the missing teeth and provision of occlusion with full-mouth porcelain fused to metal crowns and bridges after increasing occlusal vertical dimension by 2 mm. (Eur J Dent 2012;6:218-226)
In vivo assessment of secondary caries and dentin characteristics after traditional amalgam restorations
Authors: Pinheiro Isauremi Vieira de Assunção , Borges Boniek Castillo Dutra , de Lima Kenio Costa 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTObjectives:This study aimed to evaluate in vivo the occurrence of secondary caries and dentin characteristics in permanent molars after traditional amalgam restorations, by means of clinical visual examination, radiographs and laser-induced fluorescence (LF) (DIAGNOdent).Methods:Thirty first permanent molars of 30 schoolchildren in the 7 to14 year-old age group were included. Caries was removed by hand. Thus, indirect pulp capping was performed with glassionomer cement (GIC), the cavity was varnished and amalgam filled. LF was measured before and after cavity preparation and after a 12-month observation period. Dentin color after cavity preparation and after the 12-month observation period was recorded. Recurrent caries was also investigated by visual clinical and radiographic examinations, in addition to dentin thickness between pulp and indirect GIC pulp capping. Data was analyzed by ANOVA for repeated measurements, paired “t” test and descriptive statistic.Results:There were statistically significant differences (P<.05) among LF scores for dentin in all periods evaluated, with the lowest scores shown after 12 month of observation. There was no statistical difference between dentin color after cavity preparation and following 12 months of observation. Moreover, there was no recurrent caries attack at 12-month follow-up; dentin thickness between pulp and indirect GIC pulp capping was similar between baseline and final observation periods. It was concluded that the clinical restorative procedure using hand caries removal, indirect pulp capping with GIC, varnishing and amalgam filling the cavity did not provide secondary caries and increased dentin mineral content after 12 months. (Eur J Dent 2012;6:263-269)
Sampling can be faster than optimization
Authors: Ma Yi-An , Chen Yuansi , Jin Chi , Flammarion Nicolas , Jordan Michael I. 
Published: October 2019

SignificanceModern large-scale data analysis and machine learning applications rely critically on computationally efficient algorithms. There are 2 main classes of algorithms used in this setting—those based on optimization and those based on Monte Carlo sampling. The folk wisdom is that sampling is necessarily slower than optimization and is only warranted in situations where estimates of uncertainty are needed. We show that this folk wisdom is not correct in general—there is a natural class of nonconvex problems for which the computational complexity of sampling algorithms scales linearly with the model dimension while that of optimization algorithms scales exponentially.
Noncanonical auxin signaling regulates cell division pattern during lateral root development
Authors: Huang Rongfeng , Zheng Rui , He Jun , Zhou Zimin , Wang Jiacheng , Xiong Yan , Xu Tongda 
Published: October 2019

Significance
Development in multicellular organisms consists of a series of cell divisions followed by cell expansions, which are tightly controlled both spatially and temporally. Disorganized cell division causes serious growth defects in both animals and plants. Auxin has been repeatedly implicated in regulating cell division patterns during organogenesis in plants; however, the underlying mechanisms remain to be further investigated. Here, we demonstrate that auxin signaling controls cell division pattern by activating Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK)-signaling cascade during lateral root development. Our work reveals how signal transduction pathways regulate cell division pattern and also provides a connection between auxin signaling and MAPK signaling in plants.
Multibioinspired slippery surfaces with wettable bump arrays for droplets pumping
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxuan , Sun Lingyu , Wang Yu , Bian Feika , Wang Yuetong , Zhao Yuanjin 
Published: October 2019

Significance
Efficient droplet manipulation has been widely studied and used in various applications, including water treatment, chemical and biological analysis, etc. However, most of the approaches for droplet manipulation still face many challenges such as external energy dependence, single-directional droplets handling, and nonrecyclability. In this study, inspired by the features and strategies of Namib desert beetles, Nepenthes pitcher plants, and emergent aquatic plants, we present a multibioinspired slippery surface for efficient droplet manipulation by combining bottom-up colloidal self-assembly, top-down photolithography, and microstructured mold replication. It has been demonstrated that the prepared surface could well address these challenges and behave well in conducting multiplexed tasks including droplet capturing, pumping, and collecting.
Beyond proficiency
Authors: Towns Stuart G. , Watson Todd Richard 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMany studies have investigated the correlations between linguistic features and human judgements of writing quality. These studies usually investigate either proficient student writing or exceptional literary writing. The current study attempts to bridge these two perspectives by comparing proficient writing to award-winning exceptional writing using movie reviews written by bloggers and Pulitzer Prize winners. A range of linguistic features representing syntactic complexity, lexical complexity, and lexical cohesion were analyzed using both automated and interpretive methods. It is found that some, but not all, of the trends seen in writing development studies continue on to exceptional writing, with lexical sophistication and lexical cohesion through conceptual associations making the largest contributions to the differences between proficient and exceptional writers.
Incorporating methods and findings from neuroscience to better understand placebo and nocebo effects in sport
Authors: Beedie Christopher , Benedetti Fabrizio , Barbiani Diletta , Camerone Eleanora , Lindheimer Jacob , Roelands Bart 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPlacebo and nocebo effects are a factor in sports performance. However, the majority of published studies in sport science are descriptive and speculative regarding mechanisms. It is therefore not unreasonable for the sceptic to argue that placebo and nocebo effects in sport are illusory, and might be better explained by variations in phenomena such as motivation. It is likely that, in sport at least, placebo and nocebo effects will remain in this empirical grey area until researchers provide stronger mechanistic evidence. Recent research in neuroscience has identified a number of consistent, discrete and interacting neurobiological and physiological pathways associated with placebo and nocebo effects, with many studies reporting data of potential interest to sport scientists, for example relating to pain, fatigue and motor control. Findings suggest that placebos and nocebos result in activity of the opioid, endocannabinoid and dopamine neurotransmitter systems, brain regions including the motor cortex and striatum, and measureable effects on the autonomic nervous system. Many studies have demonstrated that placebo and nocebo effects associated with a treatment, for example an inert treatment presented as an analgesic or stimulant, exhibit mechanisms similar or identical to the verum or true treatment. Such findings suggest the possibility of a wide range of distinct placebo and nocebo mechanisms that might influence sports performance. In the present paper, we present some of the findings from neuroscience. Focussing on fatigue as an outcome and caffeine as vehicle, we propose three approaches that researchers in sport might incorporate in their studies in order to better elucidate mechanisms of placebo/nocebo effects on performance.
Isometric exercises and somatosensory training as intervention programmes for patellofemoral pain in young dancers
Authors: Steinberg Nili , Tenenbaum Shay , Waddington Gordon , Adams Roger , Zakin Gal , Zeev Aviva , Siev‐Ner Itzhak 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPatellofemoral pain (PPF) is a common problem experienced by young dancers. Currently, there is no clear indication as to the optimal intervention programme for reducing the level of pain and improving functional abilities in young dancers with PFP. Our aim was to examine the efficacy of two intervention programmes compared with controls in relation to PFP symptoms (shown by pain level, Grinding test, and patellar inhibition test‐PIT) and functional abilities of dancers with PFP. Ninety‐eight young dancers (mean age 13.4 ± .97) with PFP were assessed for clinical parameters and functional abilities pre and post an intervention programme lasting 12 weeks. Using cluster sampling controlling for grade and school, the dancers were divided into three groups: isometric exercises (IE), somatosensory training (ST), and control (CO). Post‐intervention, significantly lower pain levels upon patellar provocation testing were reported for the two treatment groups compared with controls. There was a significantly lower rate of legs recovered in the CO group compared with both intervention groups on the Grinding test, and on the PIT. Postural balance ability and proprioception abilities were significantly better post‐treatment for the two treatment groups compared with controls. A significant interaction showed that hip abduction muscle strength improved more in the IE group. In conclusion, both isometric exercises and somatosensory training were effective for decreasing clinical symptoms and improving some functional abilities in young dancers with PFP. Further studies on these types of interventions could determine the most effective training protocol for prevention and treatment of PFP in young dancers.
Review of wave energy harvesters
Authors: Poenaru V. , Scurtu I.C. , Dumitrache C. L. , Popa A. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Nowadays modern technologies are harvesting wave energy in various and ingenious ways using latest techniques and technologies. Wave, tides and currents form a natural part of abundantly available energy which can be harnessed as a substitute for oil & coal to meet our energy demands. This paper will present actual harvesters and practices to obtain energy from sea.
Recording of parameters characteristic to engine and vehicle in order to validate a simulation model for fuel consumption
Authors: Barothi Laszlo , Voicu Daniela , Stoica Ramona-Monica , Singureanu Marius 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Present paper aims to validate a simulation model through experimental research in order to determine fuel consumption of a vehicle.
To this purpose, the experimental test consisted in the usage of a specialized tester in order to record several parameters characteristic to vehicle and engine functioning. Specific data were subsequently used to determine real fuel consumption.
To perform a comparative analysis, the theoretical fuel consumption was determined with the use of data acquired during experimental tests and simulated graphical software.
Fractal analysis of the influence of the distribution of road networks on the traffic
Authors: Prada D , Montoya S , Sanabria M , Torres F , Serrano D , Acevedo A 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Urban population growth, together with the industrial advances, leads to consider time as one of the most precious goods and therefore, an indicator of quality of life. Larger cities usually have mobility challenges due to inefficient or insufficient transport means or inadequate design of the road layout. Therefore, people may spend large portions of their daytime moving around places. It is precisely in this type of cities, where it is more complicated to find solutions that really solve the problem because it would be harder to change the already existing infrastructure. Two roads compositions, from the cities of Barcelona, Spain, and La Plata, Argentina, were selected to incorporate a fractal analysis in order to relate it with homogeneity. This was performed using a box counting methodology which determines the fractal dimension. As a complement, fractal lagunarity was calculated to get a value of the existing voids in the magnetic resonance images. The results show that the images have similar fractal dimension regarding the differences in road structure. However, the lagunarity is not the same, La Plata, Argentina, has a lower value than Barcelona, Spain, which indicates more coherence in the road structure.
Styles of reasoning according to the taxonomy structure of observed learning outcome of John Biggs in the students of geometry of the specialty of mathematics
Authors: Fernández E , Nieto Z , Mendoza L 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The objective of this investigation was to determine the styles of reasoning according to the taxonomy structured of observed learning objectives of John Biggs in the students of geometry of the specialty of mathematics of the “Universidad Pedagógica Experimental Libertador”, Venezuela. The stated problem is that teachers of mathematics must know the problems of teaching mathematics; besides, they should know how their students learn, since according to the reasoning styles of John Biggs, one can determine how and with what depth a person learns. The methodology is quantitative, not experimental, and descriptive at the field level, where specialized literature was reviewed, and the results obtained from the application of the test with the super-item, as a data collection instrument, were analyzed by objectives based on the construction of the database in statistical package for the social sciences, the statistical analysis and the detailed interpretation of the procedure performed for each item, which allowed the analysis and interpretation of the results. These results reach the uni-structural level catalogued by Biggs as inferior or superficial. Therefore, recommendations are offered to improve the learning level of the students in question.