bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrating health and care in the 21st century workforce
Authors: Aiello Matt , Mellor Julian D. 
Published: February 2019

Purpose
The NHS needs to adapt as never before to maintain and plan for an integrated and sustainable multi-professional workforce, spanning all health and care sectors. This cannot happen without system leaders embracing workforce transformation at scale and enabling system-wide collaboration and support for multi-professional learning and role development. “By learning together, we learn how to work together”. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
The case studies included in this paper provide evidence of the ability of NHS systems to adopt integrated workforce models at scale. The case studies were chosen to demonstrate how system-wide change is possible, but still requires a partnership approach to innovation, strategic workforce planning and commissioner support for new models of care.

Findings
With partnership working between arm’s length bodies, commissioners, educators and workforce planners, the NHS is more than capable of generating a transformed workforce; a workforce able to continue providing safe, effective and joined-up person-centred care.

Research limitations/implications
The focus of this paper is integrated workforce development undertaken by Health Education England from 2017 to the date of drafting. The case studies within this paper relate to England only and are a cross-section chosen by the authors as a representative of Health Education England activity.

Practical implications
The NHS needs to find ways to use the wider health and care workforce to manage an ever-increasing and diverse patient population. Silo working, traditional models of workforce planning and commissioning no longer provide an appropriate response to increasing patient need and complexity.

Social implications
The evolution of the NHS into a joined-up, integrated health and social care workforce is essential to meet the aspirations of national policy and local workforce need – to centre care holistically on the needs of patients and populations and blur the boundaries between primary and secondary care; health and social care; physical and mental health.

Originality/value
This paper contains Health Education England project work and outcomes which are original and as yet unpublished.
Separating owner-occupier and investor demands for housing in the Australian states
Authors: Ma Le , Reed Richard , Liang Jian 
Published: February 2019

PurposeThere has been declining home ownership and increased acceptance of long-term renting in many western countries including Australia; this has created a problem when examining housing markets as there are dual demand and include both owner-occupiers and investors. The purpose of this paper is to examine the long-run relationship between house prices, housing supply and demand, and to estimate the effects of the two types of demand (i.e. owner-occupier and investor) on house prices.Design/methodology/approachThe econometric techniques for cointegration with vector error correction models are used to specify the proposed models, where the housing markets in the Australian states and territories illustrate the models.FindingsThe results highlight the regional long-run equilibrium and associated patterns in house prices, the level of new housing supply, owner-occupier demand for housing and investor demand for housing. Different types of markets were identified.Practical implicationsThe findings suggest that policies that depress the investment demand can effectively prevent the housing bubble from further building up in the Australian states. The empirical findings shed light in the strategy of maintaining levels of housing affordability in regions where owner-occupiers have been priced out of the housing market.Originality/valueThere has been declining home ownership and increased acceptance of long-term renting in many western countries including Australia; this has created a problem when examining housing markets as there are dual demand and include both owner-occupiers and investors. This research has given to the relationship between supply and dual demand, which includes owner-occupation and investment, for housing and the influence on house prices.
Moving to secondary school for children with ASN: a systematic review of international literature
Authors: Cantali Dianne 
Published: February 2019

This article presents the findings, from a systematic review of international literature, of the existing research into the transition to secondary school of children with additional support needs, which happens for most children at around 11–12 years of age in Scotland. It brings an original contribution to the existing literature through its focus on the holistic transition experience of this group of children. From an initial 52 texts that met the inclusion criteria, further scrutiny led to the identification of only 22 empirical studies published in the last 15 years which contained findings meeting the review objectives. Transition is an ongoing process; however, only five studies were longitudinal. There remains a paucity of international literature to inform good practice in a consistent manner, and a need for further longitudinal, qualitative research to support the development of inclusive education internationally. Implications for educational policy include personalisation of this school move.
Nutrition Transition and Changing Food Preferences in India
Authors: Law Cherry , Fraser Iain , Piracha Matloob 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe present empirical evidence on how changes in food preferences have contributed to nutrition transition, where the dietary pattern of households shifts away from traditional staples. Using household‐level time series cross‐section survey data for India, we estimate time varying demand elasticities, revealing evidence of the declining importance of cereals in Indian household diets. The estimates show that Indian demand for cereals has become more income inelastic and price elastic. We also find that cereals are a substitute rather than a complement to animal products in household diets. Since changes in elasticities can only be attributed to variation in utility parameters, this indicates that cereals are losing favour with Indian households. These findings have implications for Indian food policy design and implementation.
Acculturation, coping, and integration success of international skilled migrants: An integrative review and multilevel framework
Authors: Hajro Aida , Stahl Günter K. , Clegg Callen C. , Lazarova Mila B. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn this article, we review the limited but growing body of research on international skilled migrants and examine to what extent knowledge generated in adjacent research streams—specifically, work on assigned and self‐initiated expatriates—can be meaningfully applied to aid our understanding of the challenges, coping strategies, and acculturation dynamics of skilled migrants. We develop a framework that explains how variables and processes at multiple levels (individual, organisational, and societal) influence migrant acculturation and coping and result in integration‐related outcomes in the domains of personal/family life and workplace/career. We discuss directions for future research and implications for practice.
Bats adjust temporal parameters of echolocation pulses but not those of communication calls in response to traffic noise
Authors: SONG Shengjing , LIN Aiqing , JIANG Tinglei , ZHAO Xin , METZNER Walter , FENG Jiang 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMany studies based on acute short‐term noise exposure have demonstrated that animals can adjust their vocalizations in response to ambient noise. However, the effects of chronic noise over a relatively long time scale of multiple days remain largely unclear. Bats rely mainly on acoustic signals for perception of environmental and social communication. Nearly all previous studies on noise‐induced vocal adjustments have focused on echolocation pulse sounds. Relatively little is known regarding the effects of noise on social communication calls. Here, we examined the dynamic changes in the temporal parameters of echolocation and communication vocalizations of Vespertilio sinensis when exposed to traffic noise over multiple days. We found that the bats started to modify their echolocation vocalizations on the fourth day of noise exposure, with an increase of 42–91% in the total number of pulse sequences per day. Under noisy conditions, the number of pulses within a pulse sequence decreased by an average of 17.2%, resulting in a significantly slower number of pulses/sequence (P < 0.001). However, there was little change in the duration of a pulse sequence. These parameters were not significantly adjusted in most communication vocalizations under the noise condition (all P > 0.05), except that the duration decreased and the number of syllables/sequences increased in 1 type of communicative vocalization (P < 0.05). This study suggests that bats routinely adjust temporal parameters of echolocation but rarely of communication vocalizations in response to noise condition.
Deep‐water cirripedes colonizing dead shells of the cephalopod Nautilus macromphalus from New Caledonian waters
Authors: BUCKERIDGE John , KOČÍ Tomáš , SCHLÖGL Ján , TOMAŠOVÝCH Adam , KOČOVÁ VESELSKÁ Martina 
Published: February 2019

AbstractFossil cephalopods are frequently encrusted by epibionts; however, determining whether encrustation occurred prior to or post‐mortem to the host, and whether the final environment of deposition corresponds to the habitat of encrustation is complex. The present paper describes cirripede epibionts, their calcareous bases and their attachment scars on 6 post‐mortem shells of Nautilus macromphalus, collected from deep water off New Caledonia. The cirripedes have left both cemented calcareous bases of Hexelasma and scars associated with bioerosion and discoloration produced by verrucomorph barnacles. Live cirripedes included a Metaverruca recta, with articulated opercular plates and organic tissue (on a shell that had been exposed on the sea floor for at least 150 years), and specimens of Hexelasma velutinum, one of which was partly attached to an internal surface of a shell. The disposition of verrucomorphs indicates that most Nautilus shells were colonized post‐mortem rather than during a floating stage. However, as cirripedes are known to have colonized living Nautilus, some Hexelasma, preserved only as calcareous eroded bases, may represent specimens that settled on a living Nautilus. The degree of bioerosion and discoloration induced by verrucomorph barnacles varies according to the surface preservation of Nautilus shells, with deeper and discolored traces preserved on old and degraded shells. Traces made by verrucomorphs described here are ellipsoidal and a new ichnotaxon, Anellusichnus ellipticus, is proposed to accommodate them. Importantly, verrucomorphs and other cirripede taxa with membranous bases that were attached to pristine shells may not leave any substantial scars, and, thus, will be difficult to detect in the fossil record.
Protective role of anti‐ribosomal P antibody in patients with lupus nephritis
Authors: Kang Ji‐Hyoun , Park Dong‐Jin , Choi Sung‐Eun , Yim Yi‐Rang , Kim Ji‐Eun , Lee Jeong‐Won , Lee Kyung‐Eun , Kim Tae‐Jong , Park Yong‐Wook , Lee Ji Shin , Choi Yoo‐Duk , Lee Jung‐Kil , Lee Shin‐Seok 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to define clinical, histopathologic, and prognostic differences according to the presence of anti‐ribosomal P antibody (anti‐P) in Korean patients with biopsy‐proven lupus nephritis (LN).MethodsWe studied 79 patients who underwent kidney biopsies prior to the start of induction treatment, and who were subsequently treated with immunosuppressive drugs for at least 6 months and followed‐up for more than 6 months. Anti‐P was measured by immunoblot analysis at the time of renal biopsy.ResultsOf all patients, 35.4% were anti‐P‐positive. Such patients exhibited earlier LN onset, a higher Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 score, and a higher estimated glomerular filtration rate at the time of renal biopsy, than did those without antibodies. Upon renal histopathological analysis, patients with anti‐P exhibited less interstitial inflammation in terms of the activity index, less glomerular sclerosis, less tubular atrophy, and less interstitial fibrosis in terms of the chronicity index. Furthermore, anti‐P was associated with lower chronicity scores. At a median follow‐up time of 47 months, renal function was preserved in 27 of 28 patients who had anti‐P, but only 38 of 51 patients without such antibodies did not progress to chronic renal disease. After multivariate logistic regression, we found that anti‐P positivity was associated with a reduced rate of progression to chronic kidney disease after adjusting for gender, baseline creatinine, activity and chronicity score, and treatment response (odds ratio = 0.196, 95% CI: 0.039‐0.989, P = 0.048).ConclusionAnti‐P was associated with better histological findings, and anti‐P‐positive patients had better renal outcomes than those without anti‐P.
Tau overexpression impairs neuronal endocytosis by decreasing the GTPase dynamin 1 through the miR‐132/MeCP2 pathway
Authors: Xie Ao‐Ji , Hou Tong‐Yao , Xiong Wan , Huang He‐Zhou , Zheng Jie , Li Ke , Man Heng‐Ye , Hu Ya‐Zhuo , Han Zhi‐Tao , Zhang Hong‐Hong , Wei Na , Wang Jian‐Zhi , Liu Dan , Lu Youming , Zhu Ling‐Qiang 
Published: February 2019

AbstractTauopathies are a class of neurodegenerative diseases that are characterized by pathological aggregation of tau protein, which is accompanied by synaptic disorders. However, the role of tau in endocytosis, a fundamental process in synaptic transmission, remains elusive. Here, we report that forced expression of human tau (hTau) in mouse cortical neurons impairs endocytosis by decreasing the level of the GTPase dynamin 1 via disruption of the miR‐132‐MeCP2 pathway; this process can also be detected in the brains of Alzheimer's patients and hTau mice. Our results provide evidence for a novel role of tau in the regulation of presynaptic function.
Interaction of biologic therapy with apical periodontitis and periodontitis: a systematic review
Authors: Peddis N , Musu D , Ideo F , Rossi‐Fedele G , Cotti E 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBiologic medications (BMs) are increasingly used for the management of systemic chronic inflammatory diseases. These diseases are often associated with a higher prevalence of apical periodontitis (AP) and periodontitis (P). The purpose of this systematic review was to ascertain the interactions between AP and/or P and BMs. The review was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42017054756). Electronic searches were performed on Pubmed Medline, Scopus and The Web of Science from their inception through to 20 March 2018. The references of the articles selected were checked. The keywords were chosen based on a pilot search, which aimed to find the most frequently prescribed BMs. The included studies were appraised qualitatively using appropriate tools. Thirty‐five articles met the inclusion criteria, comprising 16 non‐randomized clinical studies, 12 in vivo animal studies and 7 case reports. Quality of information was assessed as high in 18 articles, moderate in 16 articles and low in 1 article. BMs in patients suffering from chronic inflammatory diseases seems to inhibit the progression of AP and P, and to enhance the healing response to periodontal and endodontic treatment. A healthier condition of the periodontal tissues seems to be associated with a better response of the patient to BMs therapy.
Expanding the phenotypic and genetic spectrum of Chinese patients with congenital absence of vas deferens bearing CFTR and ADGRG2 alleles
Authors: Yuan P. , Liang Z. K. , Liang H. , Zheng L. Y. , Li D. , Li J. , Zhang J. , Tian J. , Lai L. H. , Zhang K. , He Z. Y. , Zhang Q. X. , Wang W. J. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundCongenital absence of vas deferens (CAVD) is a major cause of obstructive azoospermia. Mutations in CFTR and ADGRG2 are responsible for this disease. However, until now the genetic spectrum of the CFTR and ADGRG2 genes in Chinese population and the reasons of the differences from Caucasian cohorts were not clear.Objectives(i) To study the characteristic and functional consequences of CFTR and ADGRG2 mutations in Chinese CAVD patients. (ii) To describe the genetic spectrum of Chinese CAVD patients and explain the reasons of the differences from Caucasian cohorts and Chinese cystic fibrosis (CF) patients.Materials and MethodsPatients were screened for mutations in CFTR by Sanger sequencing. Patients with only one or no mutations were further investigated by multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification analysis and direct sequencing of ADGRG2 gene. Bioinformatic analysis and structural modeling of proteins were performed.ResultsA total of 28 mutations in CFTR were identified in 72 patients, of which five mutations were novel. Fifty‐five patients (76.39%) had CFTR mutations but no indels, among which 80.00% CBAVD patients have at least one CFTR mutation and 66.67% CUAVD have at least one CFTR mutation. Two novel mutations (p.Lys818* and p.Arg1008Gln) in ADGRG2 were detected. These novel mutations were predicted to be damaging by bioinformatics and were absent or extremely low frequency among our controls and databases. The genetic spectrum of Chinese CAVD patients revealed that the most common mutations were c.1210‐12T[5], p.Ile556Val and p.Gln1352His, the last two of which were predicted to reduce the domains’ contacts and weaken adenosine triphosphate binding.Discussion and ConclusionThis study illustrates the significance of all exon sequencing in CFTR and ADGRG2. A picture of the genetic spectrum of Chinese CAVD patients and the most common mutations can be described, which are different from Caucasian cohorts and Chinese CF patients.
Quantitative analysis of retinal and choroid capillary ischaemia using optical coherence tomography angiography in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Li Liang , Almansoob Siham , Zhang Pu , Zhou Yan‐dan , Tan Yao , Gao Ling 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPurposeTo perform a quantitative analysis of retinal and choroid capillary ischaemia in diabetic patients by using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).MethodsA total of 97 type 2 diabetic patients and 48 controls were included in this cross‐sectional study. Diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy (DR) were categorized as no DR (NDR) group; DR was classified into mild non‐proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), moderate NPDR, severe NPDR and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Quantitative parameters included foveal and parafoveal vascular density (VD) in superficial, deep and choroid capillary plexus (SCP, DCP and CCP), and foveal flow area in CCP. Stepwise comparisons between groups were performed in the adjacent stages.ResultsDiabetic patients had significantly lower flow area in CCP and VD in all three layers compared with controls. In NDR group, foveal flow area in CCP significantly decreased compared with controls. In mild NPDR, parafoveal VD significantly decreased in all three layers compared with NDR, especially in temporal and nasal areas. In moderate NPDR, VD reduction extended to the inferior area in SCP and DCP compared with mild NPDR. In severe NPDR, progressive losses of VD were presented in all layers compared with moderate NDPR. In PDR, the superior VD in SCP significantly increased compared with severe NPDR.ConclusionIn diabetic patients, the microvascular ischaemia originated in choroid layer and extended inward affecting the deep and superficial layer. OCTA can serve as a reliable method for early detection and to monitor progressions in diabetic retinopathy.
Survey of trainers on the use of swimming exercise for Standardbred racehorses in Australia
Authors: Steel CM , Bond BM , Morrice‐West AV 
Published: February 2019

ObjectivesTo determine swimming training practices in Australian harness racing horses and potential targets for future research.MethodsAn online survey of Australian Standardbred trainers and telephone interviews with 20 leading trainers were conducted. Questions relating to swimming facility and protocol, perceived benefits and contraindications were included. Descriptive data analysis was performed.ResultsData were collected from 270 trainers: 250 by online survey (250/1770, response rate 14.1%) and 20 by interview. Of these, 103 trainers (38.1%), including 91 surveyed trainers (91/250, 36.4%) and 12 interviewed trainers (12/20, 60.0%), used swimming exercise. The most popular reasons for swimming were to replace trackwork for horses with limb injuries (79.4%), improve or maintain fitness (62.7%) and provide mental stimulation through variety in training (40.0%). Free swimming (78.4%) was more common than tethered, but the frequency and duration for horses in full training varied widely between trainers, with a median of four swim sessions per horse each week (range 0.5–12) for a median of 7 min (range 1.5–30 min) per session, mostly as a continuous swim, but sometimes as intervals. The main reasons given by those not swimming horses were lack of an adequate facility (60.5%) and lack of perceived benefit (16.2%). Reasons for not swimming individual horses varied widely.ConclusionsTrainer opinions and protocols varied widely with respect to swimming exercise for Standardbred race horses. The role of swimming exercise requires further study so that evidence‐based recommendations can be made.
Student use of PeerWise: A multi‐institutional, multidisciplinary evaluation
Authors: Kay Alison E. , Hardy Judy , Galloway Ross K. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis study explores the relationship between engagement with an online, free‐to‐use question‐generation application (PeerWise) and student achievement. Using PeerWise, students can create and answer multiple‐choice questions and can provide feedback to the question authors on question quality. This provides further scope for students to engage in discussion about the question with their peers. Data on PeerWise use and examination performance were collected from over 3000 students across six large undergraduate courses (in physics, chemistry and biology) over three academic years in three research‐intensive UK universities. A reliable and valid measure of overall PeerWise activity was created and a multilevel model developed describing the relationship between PeerWise activity and student performance in end of course examinations. Using this approach, a significant positive association was found between students’ engagement with PeerWise and their academic attainment in end of course exams, even controlling for prior ability. The implications of these findings for educators are discussed.