bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility and Preliminary Efficacy of a Teacher-Facilitated High-Intensity Interval Training Intervention for Older Adolescents
Authors: Leahy Angus A. , Eather Narelle , Smith Jordan J. , Hillman Charles H. , Morgan Philip J. , Plotnikoff Ronald C. , Nilsson Michael , Costigan Sarah A. , Noetel Michael , Lubans David R. 
Published: September 2018

Purpose: This study was designed to assess the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a teacher-facilitated high-intensity interval training intervention for older adolescents (ie, 16–18 y). Methods: Two secondary schools from New South Wales, Australia were recruited, and participants (ie, grade 11 students; 16.2 [0.4] y) were randomized at the school level to the Burn 2 Learn intervention (n = 38), or a wait-list control group (n = 30). Teachers were trained to facilitate the delivery of the novel high-intensity interval training program, which involved 3 sessions per week (∼12–20 min) for 14 weeks. A range of process measures were used to assess intervention feasibility (ie, recruitment, retention, attendance, and program satisfaction). Primary (cardiorespiratory fitness, determined using the progressive aerobic cardiovascular endurance run shuttle run test) and secondary outcomes were assessed at baseline and posttest (14-wk). Results: Sixty-eight grade 11 students were recruited at baseline (85% of target sample), 61 participants completed posttest assessments (90% retention) and on average, participants performed 1.9 sessions per week. Overall, teachers (4.0/5) and students (4.0/5) were satisfied with the Burn 2 Learn program. Group by time effects were observed for cardiorespiratory fitness (8.9 laps; 95% confidence intervals, 1.7–16.2) and a selection of secondary outcomes. Conclusion: This study provides evidence for the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a teacher-facilitated high-intensity interval training intervention for older adolescents.
Spring Health’s Tryst: Selling Safe Drinking Water
Authors: Sindhi Sumita , Choudhury Pranab Ranjan 
Published: September 2018

The case talks about Spring Health Water India Private Limited (referred as SH), a social enterprise delivering safe drinking water to the millions who are earning less than $2 per day. Chairman of Spring Health Paul Polak, took up for-profit business venture as a measure to ensure health and poverty alleviation in rural areas. The idea is to provide affordable drinking water through decentralized delivery and utilizing local resources and grassroot entrepreneurs to keep the drinking water prices low. This venture provided extra income to some of the villagers — as entrepreneurs, business assistants, delivery boys, masons and plumbers, etc. Many innovative methods are adopted in the process to reach out to all social groups, in least possible time and at highly affordable prices. Effort is made to maximize customer base by using marketing techniques which are culturally and socially sensitive. Technology used in the process of chlorination is simple and with little knowledge/experience a villager can handle it too. It is a low cost technology and hence utilizes less resources, which are easily available and do not require high costs of handling and managing. The target is to reach 200 million people in the coming years covering East Indian states of Odisha, Bihar, Eastern Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal and Jharkhand. To reach such scale, it requires concerted efforts on the part of company and a lot of funding support. Launch at each new village is a new challenge. Convincing rural masses on safe drinking water is a challenge and selling water with a price tag is not readily accepted in rural areas. Chairman Paul Polak and CEO Kishan Nanavati have a challenging situation of convincing people to buy safe drinking water and to mobilize funds for further expansion.
Pressupostos da dedução transcendental (B)
Authors: Figueiredo Vinicius de 
Published: September 2018

A investigação transcendental pressupõe um exercício de abstração, que na Crítica da Razão Pura se aplica ao conhecimento da experiência. Sua bipartição em dois modos-de-representação, contudo, levanta duas diﬁculdades à teoria da objetividade kantiana: como conciliar os, elementos separados pela análise e como assegurar a legitimidade da abstração sobre o conhecimento empírico.
Será o Hegelianismo uma Forma de Espinosismo?
Authors: Borges Maria de Lourdes 
Published: September 2018

Nosso propósito aqui não é traçar um quadro comparativo exaustivo entre a filosofia hegeliana e a filosofia de Espinosa (1). Pretendemos apenas esclarecer, pela indagação sobre uma possível matriz panteísta do pensamento de Hegel, a compreensão hegeliana sobre a relação entre Absoluto e mundo finito. Mostraremos que Espinosa influencia Hegel desde os tempos de Tübingen e que o hegelianismo passará sucessivamente por três fases distintas: uma primeira fase de entusiasmo peIo panteísmo, entusiasmo esse partilhado com Schelling; uma segunda fase de crítica ao espinosismo, bem como à sua assimilação pela doutrina de Schellinig; uma terceira fase, na qual Hegel tomaria uma posição de aceitação crítica do espinosismo. Por fim, tentaremos mostrar que a crítica dirigida a Espinosa pelo Hegel da maturidade consiste em apontar a falta de reflexão presente no panteísmo, o que só poderia ser corrigido por meio das categorias presentes na Doulrina da Essência.
Diderot ou o pensamento nômade
Authors: Pujol Stéphane 
Published: September 2018

O artigo tem o propósito demonstrar a capacidade de Diderot em produzir aquilo que Gilles Deleuze chamou de “contrafilosofia”, não somente por sua prática reflexiva, na contracorrente de certos modos de pensar a filosofia, mas também por ter sido capaz de pensar contra si mesmo e buscar suas contradições.
Diderot leitor de Sêneca: o filósofo e o tirano
Authors: Souza Maria das Graças De 
Published: September 2018

O artigo pretende mostrar que o Ensaio sobre Sêneca, de Diderot, além de consistir numa defesa de si mesmo quanto à possibilidade do sucesso do filósofo como conselheiro dos governantes, a partir de sua própria experiência junto à corte de Catarina II da Rússia, representa sobretudo a sua reflexão sobre as difíceis relações entre atividade filosófica e intervenção política.
O savoir-faire das personagens libertinas
Authors: Marques Mariana Teixeira 
Published: September 2018

O objetivo deste ensaio é identificar, através da figura de Madame de La Pommeraye, em Jacques, o fatalista, de Denis Diderot, e das protagonistas de Love in Excess, de Eliza Haywood, os conceitos a respeito da ética e do corpo femininos que se revelam nessas histórias e observar em que medida tais personagens se tornam configurações destes conceitos.
Como narrar o banal? – Jacques le fataliste sem destino e sem juízo final
Authors: Barros André Luiz 
Published: September 2018

Procuramos mostrar que conceitos enunciados pelo Diderot dos escritos teórico-críticos, como o Paradoxe sur le comédien ou a Entretien entre d’Alembert et Diderot, ajudam a esclarecer a complexa figuração do romance Jacques le fataliste et son maître. Essa última constituiria uma espécie de tratado sobre a própria mimese e a possibilidade de narrar em momento de mutação cultural ampla.Trata-se de perceber como o novo foco na consciência individual como base do romance, e a estrutura do “pergaminho já escrito nos céus” integra uma nova forma narrativa em que a onisciência e a impotência individual interagem paradoxalmente. Essa estrutura complexa aponta para um vazio da mimese, em que o narrar não tem mais as balizas nem do destino mitológico, nem da seta teleológica do juízo final, restando a ele tratar do aqui-e-agora banal e arriscado do agir.
Imaginação em Diderot e em Rousseau
Authors: Freitas Jacira De 
Published: September 2018

O artigo examina a noção de imaginação em Rousseau e em Diderot. Em consequência, emerge uma multiplicidade de relações que se estabelecem simultaneamente entre as duas concepções filosóficas. Já não se trata de considerá-las sob uma única perspectiva. Diferentes níveis de articulação se estabelecem entre os vários conceitos e mostram quão simplista seria apenas julgá-los por suas diferenças e semelhanças.
Hábitos deficientes vs. o problema do “contrato original”: notas sobre uma teoria política em David Hume
Authors: Simões Bruno 
Published: September 2018

Para David Hume, a justificativa da formação da vida política, do ponto de vista de um cálculo da razão que, unilateralmente, determinaria o governo como forma de organização da sociedade civil, tendo em vista o benefício desta, é insustentável.Historicamente, nada consta sobre tal evento fundador, impossibilitando que a própria sociedade se reconheça como resultado de tal ato. No lugar do “contrato original”, as estruturas políticas que alicerçam a sociedade devem ser entendidas acidentalmente, como fruto da sociabilidade de indivíduos que, por necessidade, submetem-se a uma autoridade e habituam-se a obedecê-la. A importância dessa teoria social, no quadro de uma objeção à tradição contratualista, constitui o tema desta análise.
The Impact of the NAO on the Delayed Break-Up Date of Lake Ice over the Southern Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Liu Yong , Chen Huopo , Wang Huijun , Qiu Yubao 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTThe changing characteristics of lake ice phenology over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) are investigated using historical satellite retrieved datasets during 2002–15 in this study. The results indicate that the freezing process mainly starts in December, and the ice melting process generally occurs in April for most lakes. However, the changes in lake ice phenology have varied depending on the location in recent years, with delayed break-up dates and prolonged ice durations in the southern TP, but no consistent changes have occurred in the lakes in the northern TP. Further analysis presents a close connection between the variation in the lake ice break-up date/ice duration over the southern TP and the winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The positive NAO generally excites an anomalous wave activity that propagates southward from the North Atlantic to North Africa and, in turn, strengthens the African–Asian jet stream at its entrance. Because of the blocking effect of the TP, the enhanced westerly jet can be divided into two branches and the south branch flow can deepen the India–Myanmar trough, which further strengthens the anomalous cyclonic circulation and water vapor transport. Therefore, the increased water vapor transport from the northern Indian Ocean to the southern region of the TP can increase the snowfall over this region. The increased snow cover over the lake acts as an insulating layer and lowers the lake surface temperature in the following spring by means of snow–ice feedback activity, resulting in a delayed ice break-up date and the increased ice duration of the lakes over the southern TP in recent years.
Positive correlation between cognitive impairment and renal microangiopathy in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy: a multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Li Jinyu , Pan Jiamin , Li Bohan , Tian Huiyu , Zhu Ying , Liao Zhihao , Kou Li , Tang Chaogang , Wang Mingwei , Ye Guoqiang , Wang Ming 
Published: September 2018

Objective This study was performed to explore the correlation between cognitive impairment and renal microangiopathy in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy (T2DN) by detecting changes in cognitive function and cerebral metabolism in these patients with different stages of T2DN. Methods Prospectively maintained databases were reviewed from 2006 to 2017. Blood biochemical indexes and the urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) were measured in all participants. Cognitive function was assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA). Cognitive impairment was the primary endpoint. Renal microangiopathy was the secondary endpoint. Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess correlations. Results Two hundred sixteen patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were divided into three groups according to their UAER: T2DM without nephropathy (n=72), early T2DM with nephropathy (n=74), and the clinical stage of early T2DM with nephropathy (n=70). Healthy participants were selected as the normal control group (n=70). Pearson correlation analysis demonstrated that the total MMSE and MoCA score was negatively correlated with the UAER (r=−0.327) and positively correlated with the estimated glomerular filtration rate (r=0.428) in patients with T2DN. Conclusions The present study showed a positive correlation between cognitive impairment and renal microangiopathy in patients with T2DN.
Team Effectiveness: A Relational Approach with Employee Retention
Authors: Ansari K. R. , Bijalwan Pankaj 
Published: September 2018

Purpose: The current study endeavours to highlight the relation among team effectiveness (TE) and the employee’s decision to stay with or leave the organization. The research also studies the impact of demographic factors such as gender, qualification, experience, and tenure on employee retention (ER) and TE. Approach: The research was conducted to collect the response through questionnaire by the employees working in different organizations of service sector (such as educational institute, banking, insurance, and several others) in Uttarakhand state. Different statistical tools, such as Cronbach’s alpha, coefficient of correlation, t-test, and analysis of variance (ANOVA), have been applied to test the hypothesis. Findings: The result of the study reveals that tenure of the employee in an organization influences its decision to stay in the organization, which further helps the teams to perform effectively. Limitations: Irrespective of limitations, such as small sample size and survey of few teams from a certain type of sector, this research carries implications for researchers to investigate the unrevealed facts on TE and ER in the context of the service sector of Uttarakhand. Practical Implication: The ER strategies can help to improve and develop TE, which has paramount importance for service sector. Originality: This article fulfils and identifies the need of retaining valuable employees to increase the organizational and individual effectiveness.
Functional Family Therapy (FFT) for Behavior Disordered Youth Aged 10–18: An Overview of Reviews
Authors: Weisman Clio Belle , Montgomery Paul 
Published: September 2018

Purpose: This overview of reviews analyses the existing evidence base of functional family therapy (FFT), which is a manualized, family-based intervention for youth with behavioral problems and their families. FFT has been implemented among youth aged 10–18 at risk of, or presenting with, behavioral problems such as delinquency, violence, substance abuse, sexual perpetration, and truancy. Method: A multipronged search was conducted across 15 databases, 10 websites, and expert contacts in February 2018. Results: The search yielded 159 hits of which 31 were included and critically appraised. Included reviews were published between 1986 and 2018 and the number of included studies ranged from 1 to 18 (including 20–5,344 participants). Main effects of the intervention on core outcomes (recidivism and substance abuse) were modest and out-of-home placement was not reported. Secondary outcomes were also modest but generally positive. Conclusions: Findings demonstrate that overall quality of reviews is low, which makes any certainties about FFT inconclusive; this overview provides a concise, valid, and methodologically sound synthesis of the research into FFT, which requires more rigorous investigation.
Telemedicine in long-term care of glaucoma patients
Authors: Odden Jamie L , Khanna Cheryl L , Choo Clara M , Zhao Bingying , Shah Saumya M , Stalboerger Gina M , Bennett Jeffrey R , Schornack Muriel M 
Published: September 2018

Introduction This manuscript describes data from an original study, simulating a tele-glaucoma programme in an established clinic practice with an interdisciplinary team. This is a ‘real life’ trial of a telemedicine approach to see a follow-up patient. The goal is to evaluate the accuracy of such a programme to detect worsening and/or unstable disease. Such a programme is attractive since in-clinic time could be reduced for both the patient and provider. This study evaluates agreement between in-person and remote assessment of glaucoma progression. Methods A total of 200 adult glaucoma patients were enrolled at a single institution. The in-person assessment by an optometrist or glaucoma specialist at time of enrolment was used as the gold standard for defining progression. Collated clinical data were then reviewed by four masked providers who classified glaucoma as progression or non-progression in each eye by comparing data from enrolment visit to data from the visit immediately prior to enrolment. Agreement of glaucoma progression between the masked observer and the in-person assessment was determined using Kappa statistics. Intra-observer agreement was calculated using Kappa to compare in-person to remote assessment when both assessments were performed by the same provider ( n = 279 eyes). Results A total of 399 eyes in 200 subjects were analysed. Agreement between in-person versus remote assessment for the determination of glaucoma progression was 63%, 62%, 69% and 68% for each reader 1–4 (kappa values = 0.19, 0.20, 0.35 and 0.33, respectively). For intra-observer agreement, reader 1 agreed with their own in-person assessment for 65% of visits (kappa = 0.18). Discussion Intra-observer agreement was similar to the agreement for each provider who did not see the patient in person. This similarity suggests that telemedicine may be equally effective at identifying glaucomatous disease progression, regardless of whether the same provider performed both in-clinic and remote assessments. However, fair agreement levels highlight a limitation of using only telemedicine data to determine progression compared with clinical detail available during in-patient assessment.
Elevation of cerebrospinal fluid cytokine/chemokines involved in innate, T cell, and granulocyte inflammation in pediatric focal cerebral arteriopathy
Authors: Kothur Kavitha , Troedson Christopher , Webster Richard , Bandodkar Sushil , Chu Stephanie , Wienholt Louise , Pope Alun , Mackay Mark T , Dale Russell C 
Published: September 2018

Aim To determine the role of inflammation in pediatric transient focal cerebral arteriopathy using cerebrospinal fluid cytokine/chemokines as biomarkers. Methods We measured 32 cytokine/chemokines in acute cerebrospinal fluid collected from children with stroke due to focal cerebral arteriopathy (n = 5) using multiplex immunoassay and compared with two patients with arterial ischemic stroke due to other causes (non-focal cerebral arteriopathy group, vertebral dissection, n = 1; cryptogenic, n = 1), pediatric encephalitis (n = 43), and non-inflammatory neurological disease controls (n = 20). Results Median age in the focal cerebral arteriopathy group was 9.3 years (range, 2.8–13 years). In the focal cerebral arteriopathy group (n = 5), four patients had middle cerebral ± distal carotid arteriopathy; one patient had posterior circulation arteriopathy. The median time from symptom onset to cerebrospinal fluid sampling was four days (range, 0.6–7 days). Only IL-6, IL-8, CXCL1, and CXCL10 levels were significantly higher in the acute cerebrospinal fluid of focal cerebral arteriopathy patients compared to non-inflammatory neurological disease controls and non-focal cerebral arteriopathy stroke. In contrast to focal cerebral arteriopathy, a broad array of Th1, Th2, Treg, Th17, B-cell related, and other broad spectrum cytokine/chemokines were elevated in encephalitis. Conclusion The elevated cerebrospinal fluid cytokine/chemokines support innate, T cell, and granulocyte inflammatory mechanisms in children with focal cerebral arteriopathy. This warrants larger cohort studies to discriminate primary inflammatory signals of the arteriopathy from secondary inflammation due to the stroke itself.
Clinical prediction of thrombectomy eligibility: A systematic review and 4-item decision tree
Authors: Koster Gaia T , Nguyen T Truc My , van Zwet Erik W , Garcia Bjarty L , Rowling Hannah R , Bosch J , Schonewille Wouter J , Velthuis Birgitta K , van den Wijngaard Ido R , den Hertog Heleen M , Roos Yvo BWEM , van Walderveen Marianne AA , Wermer Marieke JH , Kruyt Nyika D 
Published: September 2018

Background A clinical large anterior vessel occlusion (LAVO)-prediction scale could reduce treatment delays by allocating intra-arterial thrombectomy (IAT)-eligible patients directly to a comprehensive stroke center. Aim To subtract, validate and compare existing LAVO-prediction scales, and develop a straightforward decision support tool to assess IAT-eligibility. Methods We performed a systematic literature search to identify LAVO-prediction scales. Performance was compared in a prospective, multicenter validation cohort of the Dutch acute Stroke study (DUST) by calculating area under the receiver operating curves (AUROC). With group lasso regression analysis, we constructed a prediction model, incorporating patient characteristics next to National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) items. Finally, we developed a decision tree algorithm based on dichotomized NIHSS items. Results We identified seven LAVO-prediction scales. From DUST, 1316 patients (35.8% LAVO-rate) from 14 centers were available for validation. FAST-ED and RACE had the highest AUROC (both >0.81, p < 0.01 for comparison with other scales). Group lasso analysis revealed a LAVO-prediction model containing seven NIHSS items (AUROC 0.84). With the GACE (Gaze, facial Asymmetry, level of Consciousness, Extinction/inattention) decision tree, LAVO is predicted (AUROC 0.76) for 61% of patients with assessment of only two dichotomized NIHSS items, and for all patients with four items. Conclusion External validation of seven LAVO-prediction scales showed AUROCs between 0.75 and 0.83. Most scales, however, appear too complex for Emergency Medical Services use with prehospital validation generally lacking. GACE is the first LAVO-prediction scale using a simple decision tree as such increasing feasibility, while maintaining high accuracy. Prehospital prospective validation is planned.
How Enclosure and Spatial Organization Affect Residents’ Use and Experience of a Dementia Special Care Unit: A Case Study
Authors: Van Hecke Liesl , Van Steenwinkel Iris , Heylighen Ann 
Published: September 2018

Aim: We aim to gain insight into how a dementia special care unit is used and experienced by its residents and what design aspects are important therein. Background: In Flanders, housing for people with dementia evolves toward small-scale, homelike environments. As population aging challenges the affordability of this evolution, architects and other designers are asked to design dementia special care units that offer the advantages of small scaleness within the context of large-scale residential care facilities. How these units are used and experienced is not systematically evaluated. Method: A case study was conducted in a recently built residential care facility where a dementia special care unit was foreseen on the ground floor, yet after a few months was moved to the top floor. The case study combined architectural analysis, participant observation, and qualitative interviews with residents and care staff. Results: Comparing the original situation on the ground floor with the new situation on the top floor highlights how enclosure (physical and visual access to outside and the rest of the facility) and spatial organization affect how residents use and experience a dementia special care unit. Conclusions: Depending on the type and stage of dementia, residents may have different needs for space to move, sensory stimuli, and social contact. In order to meet these different needs, confining residents to a dementia special care unit to the top floor should be avoided unless it is carefully designed, providing sufficient freedom of movement and connection with the outside world.