bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Function of Memes in Political Discourse
Authors: Anderau Glenn , Barbarrusa Daniel 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe use of memes has become increasingly widespread in political discourse. However, there is a dearth of philosophical discussion on memes and their impact on political discourse. This paper addresses this gap in the literature and bridges the divide between the empirical and philosophical work on memes by offering a functionalist account which allows for a more in-depth analysis of the role memes play in political discourse. We offer a taxonomy of the eight key characteristics of memes: 1. humor; 2. fostering in-group identity; 3. caricatures; 4. replicability; 5. context collapse; 6. hermeneutical resources; 7. low reputational cost; 8. signaling. On the positive side, the propensity memes have to foster in-group identity and to function as a hermeneutical tool for people to make sense of their own experiences are a boon especially to marginalized communities. On the flipside, the creation of an in-group/out-group dynamic can also be exploited by sinister political actors, especially since the low reputational cost of circulating memes allows for plausible deniability. We use the analysis in this paper to jumpstart a discussion of how we should understand memes and debate which norms should govern the novel speech act of posting a meme given its impact on political discourse. Based on our findings, we end with a call to adopt stricter norms for the act of posting a meme.
Observing super-coarse carbonaceous aerosol particles containing chloride in a tropical savanna climate at an agro-forest site in Thailand
Authors: Bridhikitti Arika , Kumsawat Chananphat , Phitakpinyo Nutthanaphat , Sontisaka Sirawich , Naksaro Ratipong , Sawangproh Weerachon , Nakayama Tomoki 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCoarse aerosol particles containing chloride in tropical forests are significant for understanding biogeochemical cycles and atmospheric processes, with implications for environmental health and climate change mitigation. This study explored the sources of super-coarse carbonaceous aerosol particles containing chloride in a tropical savanna climate. Aerosol samples were collected from an agro-forest site in Thailand during the dry season and analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. By examining the morphology and elemental compositions of individual aerosol particles, along with employing Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) and backward trajectory analysis, potential sources were identified. The findings revealed two primary sources for the super-coarse aerosol particles: a mixture of biomass burning smoke and inorganic salts (likely from saline soil and sea salt), as well as halophilic fungal spores. FTIR analysis indicated the presence of compounds linked to biomass burning and clay minerals, influenced by prevailing northeast and southeast winds. Recommendations for future research include continued monitoring, correlation with meteorological parameters, and the application of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for more detailed visualization and confirmation of aerosol sources.
Studienerfolg von Studierenden mit Migrationshintergrund – eine Analyse der Abbruchsintentionen der zweiten Zuwanderungsgeneration
Authors: Zaussinger Sarah 
Published: November 2024

ZusammenfassungEmpirische Befunde aus der schulbezogenen Bildungsforschung in Österreich zeigen, dass Schüler:innen mit Migrationshintergrund geringere Bildungschancen aufweisen als autochthone Schüler:innen. Die Situation von Migrant:innen an österreichischen Universitäten ist bislang aber wenig erforscht. Mit Daten der Studierenden-Sozialerhebung 2019, einer breit angelegten Befragung aller Studierenden in Österreich, wird anhand von binär-logistischen Regressionsmodellen aufgezeigt, dass Studierende mit Migrationshintergrund der zweiten Zuwanderungsgeneration häufiger einen Studienabbruch erwägen als Studierende ohne Migrationshintergrund. Dabei zeigt sich einerseits, dass die Bildung der Eltern für den Studienerfolg von Studierenden mit familiärer Migrationsgeschichte eine größere Rolle spielt und sich andererseits die migrationsspezifischen Unterschiede nicht durch die Bildung der Eltern erklären lassen. Dies gilt auch, wenn zusätzlich Lebenslagenfaktoren, wie Erwerbstätigkeit und finanzielle Situation berücksichtigt werden. Unter Einbezug der sozialen und akademischen Integration sowie der Einschätzung zu den eigenen Studienleistungen, hat der Migrationshintergrund nur dann einen signifikanten Effekt, wenn er intersektional in Kombination mit dem Bildungshintergrund der Eltern betrachtet wird: Bildungsferne Studierende mit Migrationshintergrund haben im Vergleich zu allen anderen Studierenden ein signifikant höheres Risiko, ihr Studium abzubrechen. Die Abbruchsintentionen variieren überdies nach der Herkunftsregion der Eltern der Studierenden, wobei insbesondere jene mit Wurzeln aus EU-Drittstaaten ein erhöhtes Risiko aufweisen.
Inhomogeneous Skin Formation and Its Effect on the Tensile Behavior of a High Pressure Die Cast Recycled Secondary AlSi10MnMg(Fe) Alloy
Authors: Dalai Biswajit , Jonsson Simon , da Silva Manel , Yu Liang , Kajberg Jörgen 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe current study investigated the microstructure evolution, mechanical properties, and fracture behavior of a high pressure die cast (HPDC) novel secondary alloy. The as-cast microstructure comprised (i) Primary α-Al, (ii) α-Al15(FeMn)3Si2 intermetallics, and (iii) Al–Si eutectics. The microstructure starting from the surface through the depth of the HPDC casting consisted of (i) fine-grained skin at surface, (ii) increased Al–Si eutectics at intermediate location, and (iii) coarse α-Al dendrites at center. Accordingly, the hardness increased from skin to the intermediate section and then decreased toward the center of the casting. The formation of skin layer was highly discontinuous, which was attributed to the complicated fluid flow pattern inside the die cavity. The skin layer indicated to slightly improve the strength of the HPDC alloy; however, it restricted the ductility of the material with a large variation. Such ductility behavior resulted from a fracture mechanism triggered by the inhomogeneous skin because of its poor bonding with the adjacent matrix. Even though the secondary alloy contained casting defects and α-Al15(FeMn)3Si2 intermetallics that are known to be driving factors for the fracture in such materials, the effects from the inhomogeneous skin turned out to be predominant in the current study.
Distinct responses of climate-growth and iWUE in Fagus sylvatica L. at two low elevation sites in southern Italy
Authors: Kabala Jerzy Piotr , Niccoli Francesco , Altieri Simona , Liyaqat Iqra , Battipaglia Giovanna 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this study, using a dendrological and isotopic approaches, we investigated the responses to climate of two pure Fagus sylvatica L. stands (Campobraca and Falode) in the southernmost part of the distribution range in southern Italy. The δ13C data were used for calculating the intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE) as a proxy of the balance between the water and carbon cycles. The results showed that the iWUE of both stands was sensitive to the amount of precipitation during the summer months (negative, significant effect) and to atmospheric CO2 concentration. Growth was sensitive to climate only in the Campo Braca site; the most influential variables were the VPD (vapour pressure deficit) and precipitation of the summer months that had a negative and a positive effect, respectively. The iWUE showed a negative correlation with growth in Campo Braca and a non-significant one in Falode. Water availability was the most influential variable on F. sylvatica growth and physiology. The iWUE increase was mainly driven by atmospheric CO2 concentration, and by decreased precipitation, as a response of the trees to drought. Our results highlight the importance of understanding the hydrological changes due to climate change for forecasting/modelling forest responses. CO2 increase does not compensate for the effect of adverse climate on F. sylvatica in the forests of southern Italy, while local conditions play an important role in determining tree growth.
Fatigue Performance of Ti-6Al-4V Processed by Wire-Arc Directed Energy Deposition
Authors: Neves José L. , Papenberg Nikolaus , Kiener Daniel , Klein Thomas 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTi-6Al-4V has a wide range of applications, but long lead times and low-efficiency processing of the material leads to limitations. Through additive manufacturing, such as wire-arc directed energy deposition, higher processing efficiency, and lower lead times are possible. To fully realize the benefits, an important parameter for application is the fatigue performance, which needs to be better documented and performance shortcomings improved. Currently, available results on fatigue performance of wire-arc directed energy deposition of Ti-6Al-4V are limited. Therefore, wire-arc directed energy deposition of Ti-6Al-4V was used with the following approach. Samples were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and optical light microscopy, and mechanically tested for tensile and fatigue performance. Minimal pore density and a fine α microstructure within coarsened epitaxial columnar β-grains was observed. Additionally, elemental burn-off and oxygen contamination was assessed, showing a loss of 0.2 wt.% aluminum during processing and no oxygen pick-up. Compared to other cold metal transfer-based wire-arc directed energy deposition results available in the literature, the results present significant improvements. Fractography indicated mixed fracture modes, which are likely due to the macro-zones of α having varying orientations. Our work provides an advancement in fatigue performance and processing, further showing the potential of the technology.
Telemedicine and Virtual Interventions in Cancer Rehabilitation: Practical Application, Complications and Future Potentials
Authors: Chang Philip , Engle Jessica 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the practical applications of comprehensive cancer rehabilitation services through telemedicine.

Recent Findings
Telemedicine has been shown to be an effective platform leading to positive outcomes and high patient/provider satisfaction for several forms of skilled therapy and cancer physiatry visits. Several survivorship resources are also available through telemedicine in recent years.

Summary
Telemedicine can increase accessibility to geographically sequestered services including cancer physiatry, skilled therapy and survivorship resources. In certain situations and for specific services, telemedicine can be effective, however, in other situations such as the evaluation of new neurologic deficits or when providing manual therapies, in-person visits should take precedence.
Interdisciplinary and Collaborative Training in Neuroscience: Insights from the Human Brain Project Education Programme
Authors: Geminiani Alice , Kathrein Judith , Yegenoglu Alper , Vogel Franziska , Armendariz Marcelo , Ben-Zion Ziv , Bogdan Petrut Antoniu , Covelo Joana , Diaz Pier Marissa , Grasenick Karin , Karasenko Vitali , Klijn Wouter , Kokan Tina , Lupascu Carmen Alina , Lührs Anna , Mahfoud Tara , Özden Taylan , Pedersen Jens Egholm , Peres Luca , Reiten Ingrid , Simidjievski Nikola , Ulnicane Inga , van der Vlag Michiel , Zehl Lyuba , Saria Alois , Diaz-Pier Sandra , Passecker Johannes 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNeuroscience education is challenged by rapidly evolving technology and the development of interdisciplinary approaches for brain research. The Human Brain Project (HBP) Education Programme aimed to address the need for interdisciplinary expertise in brain research by equipping a new generation of researchers with skills across neuroscience, medicine, and information technology. Over its ten year duration, the programme engaged over 1,300 experts and attracted more than 5,500 participants from various scientific disciplines in its blended learning curriculum, specialised schools and workshops, and events fostering dialogue among early-career researchers. Key principles of the programme’s approach included fostering interdisciplinarity, adaptability to the evolving research landscape and infrastructure, and a collaborative environment with a focus on empowering early-career researchers. Following the programme’s conclusion, we provide here an analysis and in-depth view across a diverse range of educational formats and events. Our results show that the Education Programme achieved success in its wide geographic reach, the diversity of participants, and the establishment of transversal collaborations. Building on these experiences and achievements, we describe how leveraging digital tools and platforms provides accessible and highly specialised training, which can enhance existing education programmes for the next generation of brain researchers working in decentralised European collaborative spaces. Finally, we present the lessons learnt so that similar initiatives may improve upon our experience and incorporate our suggestions into their own programme.
Multivariate Optimization of a Green Microwave-Assisted Hydrogen Peroxide Digestion of Vegetable Oils and Subsequent Elemental Determination Via Inductively Coupled Plasma–Optical Emission Spectrometry
Authors: Munjanja Basil K. , Salami Oluseyi S. , Mashale Kedibone N. , Nomngongo Philiswa N. , Mketo Nomvano 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA microwave-assisted digestion technique based on dilute hydrogen peroxide (MW-AHPD) was developed for multielemental determination in vegetable oils. The determination of ten trace elements (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Ni, Sn, V, and Zn) was conducted via inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) after digestion. The most influential parameters were investigated by using multivariate optimization tools (two-level full factorial and central composite design) with percent recovery as the chemometric response. The optimum conditions were 2.0 mol L−1 (H2O2]), 156 °C (digestion temperature), 0.1 g (sample mass) and 50 min (digestion time). Under the optimized conditions, the efficiency of digestion was evaluated based on the residual carbon content (RCC) of the final digests. The RCC values were very low, ranging from 0.84 to 1.60% (m/m). The greenness of the technique was evaluated using the Analytical Eco-scale, and the proposed method was considered an excellent green analysis method with a final score of 90. The accuracy of the optimized MW-AHPD was evaluated by spiking sunflower, olive, and peanut oils at concentrations of 2.5 and 5.0 μg L−1, and excellent recoveries between 90.3 and 107.3% were reported. The accuracy of the MW-AHPD method was compared with that of microwave-assisted digestion using concentrated HNO3, and there was no significant difference between the two methods. The limits of detection ranged from 0.026 to 14.6 μg L−1. On the other hand, the interday and intraday precisions were less than 6.67 and 6.96%, respectively. The method was successfully applied to determine the concentrations of trace elements in 5 vegetable oils on the South African market. Thus, MW-AHPD-ICP–OES is applicable for the determination of trace elements in vegetable oils.
A phase 1/2 study of gilteritinib in combination with chemotherapy in newly diagnosed patients with AML in Asia
Authors: Sawa Masashi , Miyamoto Toshihiro , Kim Hee-Je , Hiramatsu Yasushi , Cheong June-Won , Ikezoe Takayuki , Naoe Tomoki , Akashi Koichi , Morita Satoshi , Kosako Masanori , Ikegaya Moyu , Terada Wataru , Kadokura Takeshi , Hill Jason , Miyawaki Shuichi , Gill Stanley C. , Heinloth Alexandra , Hasabou Nahla 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective
This interim analysis of a phase 1/2, open-label, single-arm study assessed the safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetics of gilteritinib plus chemotherapy in adults with newly diagnosed FLT3 mutation-positive acute myeloid leukemia.

Methods
In sequential phase 1 and 2 studies, induction and consolidation therapy with gilteritinib 120 mg/day plus chemotherapy (induction: idarubicin/cytarabine once daily; consolidation: cytarabine twice daily) was followed by maintenance gilteritinib 120 mg/day monotherapy. Endpoints included maximum tolerated dose (MTD), recommended expansion dose (RED), and dose-limiting toxicity (phase 1), and complete remission (CR) rate following induction therapy (primary endpoint), overall survival (OS), safety, and pharmacokinetics (phase 2).

Results
In phase 1, MTD was not reached and RED was 120 mg/day. In phase 2, the CR rate was 50.0% after induction (90% confidence interval [CI] 40.4, 59.6); however, the lower confidence limit did not exceed the pre-defined 55% benchmark. Composite CR (CRc) rates were high following induction (86.6%, 95% CI [77.3, 93.1]), consolidation, and maintenance therapy (87.8%, 95% CI [78.7, 94.0], each). The probability of OS was 86.6% at 12 months. No new safety findings were reported.

Conclusion
In this interim analysis, gilteritinib 120 mg/day in combination with chemotherapy was well tolerated, with similar CRc rates to previous studies.
YAP Signaling in Glia: Pivotal Roles in Neurological Development, Regeneration and Diseases
Authors: Lin Lin , Yuan Yinfeng , Huang Zhihui , Wang Yongjie 
Published: November 2024

AbstractYes-associated protein (YAP), the key transcriptional co-factor and downstream effector of the Hippo pathway, has emerged as one of the primary regulators of neural as well as glial cells. It has been detected in various glial cell types, including Schwann cells and olfactory ensheathing cells in the peripheral nervous system, as well as radial glial cells, ependymal cells, Bergmann glia, retinal Müller cells, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia in the central nervous system. With the development of neuroscience, understanding the functions of YAP in the physiological or pathological processes of glia is advancing. In this review, we aim to summarize the roles and underlying mechanisms of YAP in glia and glia-related neurological diseases in an integrated perspective.
The Influence of Sex and Gender on the Level and Course of Subjective Cognitive Complaints After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: van den Houdt Sophie C. M. , Mommersteeg Paula M. C. , Widdershoven Jos , Kupper Nina 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Cognitive complaints (e.g., health anxiety and illness disruption) are commonly experienced by patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). While it is known that sex and gender affect health, their influence on cognitive complaints remains unknown. The current study explored sex and gender differences in cognitive complaints during the first month (acute phase) and beyond, up to 2 years (recovery phase) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Method
A total of 514 (Mage = 64.2 ± 8.9, 84.2% male) completed the cognitive scale of the Health Complaints Scale (i.e., overall cognitive complaints, health worry, illness disruption) at baseline, 1, 12, and 24 months post-PCI. Additional questionnaires to gauge gender identity, traits, and norms were administered in a follow-up study. General linear mixed model analyses were conducted to examine the influence of sex, gender, sex × gender, and covariates on cognitive complaints.

Results
Cognitive complaints only decreased in the first month post-PCI (all p < .01). There were no clear sex differences. However, gender generally predicted cognitive complaints in the first 2 years post-PCI: masculinity was related to less complaints, whereas feminine individuals reported higher absolute levels of complaints.

Conclusion
The current findings reveal that gender is a valuable factor concerning health complaints and indicate the need to further elaborate on the discrepancies between sex and gender in health research.
The toxicity, repellent, and biochemical effects of four wild plant extracts against Aphis gossypii Glover and Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley: HPLC analysis of phenolic compounds
Authors: Eldesouky Sahar E. , Tawfeek Mohamed E. , Salem Mohamed Z. M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe insecticidal and repellent activities of the four wild plant extracts: stinging nettle, Urtica dioica L., white henbane, Hyoscyamus albus L., camphorweeds, Pluchea dioscoridis L., and cocklebur, Xanthium strumarium L. were tested compared to the insecticide spirotetramat against the 3rd nymphal instar of Aphis gossypii Glover and adult females of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley after 24 and 48 h of treatment. Their effects on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) enzyme activities were also assessed to explore their possible mechanisms of action. The phenolic compounds of the plant extracts were investigated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. The most abundant compounds in the methanol extract from P. dioscoridis were gallic acid (14.45 µg/mL), and cinnamic acid (11.44 µg/mL); from U. dioica were caffeic acid (15.32 µg/mL) and syringic acid (13.47 µg/mL); from H. albus were syringic acid (7.12 µg/mL) and catechol (5.33 µg/mL); and from X. strumarium were p-coumaric acid (24.53 µg/mL) and pyrogallol (18.35 µg/mL). According to the LC50 values, the contact toxicity of U. dioica, H. albus, P. dioscoridis, and X. strumarium against A. gossypii was 40.3, 60.6, 56.2, and 32.3 mg/L, whereas, the contact toxicity against P. solenopsis was 56.4, 67.5, 64.3, and 36.2 mg/L, compared to the spirotetramat (17.2 and 24.5 mg/L), respectively, at 48 h of treatment. The highest repellency rates were observed with LC50 values for X. strumarium (63.2 and 60.3%), followed by U. dioica (46.2 and 43.5%), P. dioscoridis (45.3 and 42.8%), and H. albus extract (38.8 and 35.2%) compared to the spirotetramat (78.5 and 76.2%) against A. gossypii and P. solenopsis at 24 h, but decreased with time. The AChE and GST activities in pests were significantly inhibited, compared to control and spirotetramat, with dose and time-dependent effects. These findings indicate that tested wild extracts may be suggested as viable alternatives for aphids and mealybugs control.
Mathematical Model to Evaluate the Impact of Power Supply Constraint for Electric Vehicles on Transportation Network
Authors: Nakajima Yuki , Shimamoto Hiroshi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper proposes the UE-based mathematical model to evaluate driver's choice of vehicle types and paths, explicitly considering the supply power constraint in addition to the charging station capacity constraints. Because the flows of EVs in the proposed model are represented in a path-based manner, we apply a column generation-based algorithm to avoid enumerating all of the possible paths. The contributions of this study are that 1) we consider both pre-trip charging and charging during a trip, and that 2) we focus on the difference in the impact of power supply constraints on vehicles that need to charge during a trip and those that do not. The proposed model is applied to a hypothetical network. As a result, we confirmed that 1) while the share of EVs in the middle distance tends to be higher, the share of EVs in the short and long distances tends to be lower, and that 2) in case of inadequate power supply, the share of EVs in the short and middle distances decreases significantly, whereas the share of EVs remains almost unchanged in long OD.