bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temporal Dynamics of Species Richness and Composition in a Peri‐Urban Tropical Frog Community in Central Brazil
Authors: Severgnini Marcos R. , de Oliveira Mônica M. , Valério Luciana M. , Provete Diogo B. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAnalyzing the temporal dynamics of ecological communities can shed light on coexistence mechanisms and help understand how populations and communities will behave in the face of climate change. However, little is known about how frog communities respond to climate in urban ecosystems, especially in tropical countries. Here, we analyzed how frog species richness and abundance are influenced by weather variables both intra‐ and inter‐annually. We surveyed a peri‐urban area in central Brazil, monthly for 3 years. To test the effect of weather variables on species richness and abundance, we used Generalized Additive Mixed‐effects Models. We assessed seasonality using circular statistics. We also tested for differences in temporal beta diversity within and among years by estimating species disappearance and temporal rank shift, in addition to a multivariate model‐based method to test the effect of year on species composition. Finally, we tested how taxonomic and phylogenetic alpha diversity changed through time using a novel approach based on Hill numbers. We found that species richness varied little among years and was affected only by photoperiod, while species abundance was more variable both between and within years, being mostly affected by humidity, temperature, and photoperiod. Species composition varied little between years, mostly between the first and subsequent years. Conversely, beta diversity was highest within years. Only the effective number of species changed significantly through time. Our results help not only understand temporal mechanisms that allow species coexistence, but also allow to make inferences about the impact of urbanization on biodiversity in recently urbanized landscapes, showing that species composition in peri‐urban sites remains unaltered in a mid‐timescale, especially when climate conditions change little across years.
The effects of spatiotemporal variation in marine resources on the occupancy dynamics of a terrestrial avian predator
Authors: Schmidt Joshua H. , Coletti Heather A. , Cutting Kyle A. , Wilson Tammy L. , Mangipane Buck A. , Schultz Carlene N. , Schertz Dylan T. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIdentifying how species respond to system drivers such as weather, climate, habitat, and resource availability is critical for understanding population change. In coastal areas, the transfer of nutrients across the marine and terrestrial interface increases complexity. Nesting populations of bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) along the Pacific coast of North America, although terrestrial, are largely dependent on marine resources during the breeding season and therefore represent a good focal species for understanding the linkages of nutrients between terrestrial and marine systems. Due to their location, coastal eagle populations are susceptible to a variety of climate‐induced perturbations, from both land and sea. The northeast Pacific Marine Heatwave (PMH) of 2014–2016 had wide‐ranging impacts on the marine ecosystem and provided an opportunity to explore how marine conditions can impact terrestrial wildlife populations. We used a spatially explicit multistate occupancy modeling framework to analyze >30 years of bald eagle nest occupancy data collected in four large national parks along a coastal interior gradient in Alaska, USA. We assessed occupancy state in relation to weather conditions, salmon abundance, access to alternate prey resources, and the PMH event to help elucidate the factors affecting bald eagle occupancy dynamics over time. We found that occupancy probability was higher in areas where prey resources were concentrated (e.g., near seabird colonies, where bears facilitate access to salmon carcasses). We also found that the probability of reproductive success was higher during warmer, drier springs with higher‐than‐average salmon abundance. After the onset of the PMH, success declined in the areas most dependent on non‐salmon marine resources. These findings confirm the importance of spring weather conditions and access to salmon resources during the critical chick‐rearing period, but also reveal that marine heatwaves may have important secondary effects through a reduction in the overall quantity or quality of prey available to bald eagles. Given ongoing warming at high latitudes and the expectation that marine heatwaves will become more common, our findings are useful for understanding ongoing and future changes in the transfer of nutrients from marine to terrestrial ecosystems and how such changes may impact terrestrial species such as bald eagles.
DMAP‐Catalyzed Efficient Diastereo‐ and Regioselective Synthesis of Isoxazolone‐Based Bisspiroheterocyclic Oxindoles
Authors: Zhu Rong‐Rong , Du Da‐Ming 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA strategic approach to incorporate CF3 group into oxindoles, pyrrolidines, and isoxazolones to construct spiro heterocyclic skeletons with quaternary carbon stereocenters was developed. Using a DMAP catalyst under mild conditions, the controllable synthesis of spiro oxindole‐pyrrolidine‐isoxazoline derivatives was achieved via concerted 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reactions of arylidene isoxazolones with N‐(2,2,2‐trifluoroethyl)isatin ketimines. This method exhibits robust regioselectivity and provides a series of isoxazolone‐based bispiro heterocycles in good to high yields (72 %–99 %) with excellent diastereoselectivity (in all cases >20 : 1 dr), offering new candidate compounds for drug screen.
Charging Ahead: The Evolution and Reliability of Nickel‐Zinc Battery Solutions
Authors: Bello Idris Temitope , Raza Hassan , Michael Alabi Tobi , Muneeswara Madithedu , Tewari Neha , Bingsen Wang , Cheung Yin Nee , Choi Zungsun , Boles Steven T. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTNickel‐Zinc (Ni‐Zn) batteries offer an interesting alternative for the expanding electrochemical energy storage industry due to their high‐power density, low cost, and environmental friendliness. However, significant reliability challenges such as capacity fading, self‐discharge, thermal instability, and electrode degradation detract from their competitiveness in the market, hindering their widespread adoption. This study thoroughly examines the degradation mechanisms and approaches to improve the reliability of Ni‐Zn batteries: Starting with their basic chemistry, operating principles, and degradation pathways, strategies for improvement are explored including material modification, electrolyte optimization, cell design approaches, and thermal management techniques. Advanced characterization methods for data collection and reliability assessment are discussed, including electrochemical, structural, spectroscopic, and in situ techniques which are noted for their ability to identify key areas of concern for this cell chemistry. We further consider emerging trends such as novel materials, hybridization with other energy technologies, and the challenges of large‐scale implementation, emphasizing the need for standardized reliability testing protocols. Opportunities for the integration of advanced sensing, such as fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors for real‐time monitoring and anomaly detection, along with machine learning (ML) and prognostics and health management of Ni‐Zn batteries are highlighted, as these open the door to future research directions. This comprehensive review should serve as a resource for researchers, engineers, and industry experts aiming to advance and commercialize dependable, high‐performing Ni‐Zn battery technology for a sustainable energy future.
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Greenhouse gas emission driving factors and reduction strategies for operational phase of urban rail transit in China
Authors: Guo Hao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTo promote the sustainable development of urban rail transit (URT) in China, it is necessary to quantitatively analyze the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and its internal driving factors. Based on the LMDI algorithm, this research constructs an assessment model and makes a quantitative analysis of internal driving factors for GHG emissions in the operational phase of the URT system in China. According to the official investigated data, the GHG emission of URT in the operational phase is between 600 × 104 and 2000 × 104 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) per year from 2012 to 2023. The results of the driving factors decomposition showed that the passenger demand intensity was the key and positive factor affecting carbon emissions in the operational phase and the contribution rate was 12.93%–60.81% from 2013 to 2023. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate targeted policies in terms of management and technical means to reduce the average traveling distance demanded by passengers and reasonably control the scale of the line network for GHG reduction in the Chinese URT system.
Water, Energy, Food, and Environment Nexus for Achieving Sustainable Transition, Addressing Gaps, and Implementing Solutions for Global and Iranian Cases
Authors: Zahedi Rahim , Aslani Alireza , Yousefi Hossein , Noorollahi Younes , Astaraei Fatemeh Razi 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe challenge of providing water, energy, food, and managing the environment (WEFEN) is widely recognized as a significant barrier to global advancement in light of the increasing population. The interconnections among water, energy, food, and the environment constitute a comprehensive framework for achieving sustainability. Based on projections, it is anticipated that the global community will encounter crises pertaining to water, energy, food, and the environment in the foreseeable future. The objective of this paper is to analyze global research endeavors pertaining to the interconnections among water, energy, food, and the environment. Additionally, it aims to address the challenges and imperatives of investigating this nexus within the context of the world. This framework aims to achieve a harmonious equilibrium by considering the diverse objectives, interests, and requirements of both human societies and the natural environment. The correlation established by WEFEN has the potential to provide valuable insights for informing future global sustainable development policies in relation to environmental and water crises. This review study critically analyzes the existing body of research pertaining to the interplay between water, energy, food, and the environment in Iran and globally. Additionally, it highlights the challenges encountered in studying this intricate relationship and underscores the imperative for further investigation in this domain. This study reveals that the main barriers to achieving global integration of water, energy, food, and the environment are sector‐specific policies and a dearth of integrated management approaches. The findings of this study encompass recommendations for enhancing the interplay between water, energy, food, and the environment. Additionally, establishing a dedicated policy‐making institution and reaching a consensus on a comprehensive plan are crucial steps. Furthermore, it is imperative to develop and enhance the infrastructure of the clearing market to address pertinent matters effectively.
Enhancing Electronic Nose Performance for Differentiating Civet and Non‐Civet Roasted Bean Coffee Using Polynomial Feature Extraction Methods
Authors: Ihsan Nasrul , Kombo Kombo Othman , Kusuma Frendy Jaya , Syahputra Tri Siswandi , Puspita Mayumi , Wahyono  , Triyana Kuwat 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTCoffee, a popular beverage worldwide, requires thorough quality assessment to ensure its authenticity and meet consumer demands. Traditional methods in the industry are often subjective, expensive, and time‐consuming. This study used a compact, portable electronic nose (e‐nose) with machine learning models to classify and distinguish between civet and non‐civet roasted beans. The polynomial feature extraction method was used to extract important parameters from the sensor response and improve system performance. Classification models like linear discriminant analysis (LDA), logistic regression (LR), quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA), and support vector machines (SVM) were applied to classify the samples. Among these, the LDA model with polynomial features yielded the highest validation and test accuracies, with values of 0.89 ± 0.04 and 0.93, respectively. This was higher than the statistical feature methods, which obtained validation and test accuracies of 0.80 ± 0.07 and 0.87, respectively. The acquired e‐nose results were correlated with compound concentrations in roasted coffee beans measured by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). These findings demonstrate the e‐nose system's promising potential to effectively distinguish civet from non‐civet roasted coffee beans based on their aroma profiles using polynomial feature extraction methods.
Elucidation of Volatile and Morphological Properties of Saffron (Crocus sativus) Flower as Affected by Controlled Drought Stress Induced by Polyethylene Glycol
Authors: Sevindik Başar 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTCrocus sativus L., known as saffron, is one of the major crops among ornamental and medicinal aromatic plants. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 is one of the well‐known and efficient simulators used for this purpose. In this study, saffron corms were cultivated in pots containing perlite, and the PEG 6000 solution was applied at 5%, 10% and 15% concentrations. A HS‐SPME‐GC–MS system was used to elucidate volatiles of saffron flowers, and a total of 28 volatiles was detected. Safranal was measured as the most dominant volatile compound in saffron flowers, and the release of marker volatiles was dramatically increased with the increasing PEG 6000 dosage. Eucarvone was found to be an important ketone compound, Phenethyl alcohol was found to be the most abundant volatile alcohol compound. Additionally, ketones pyrrole, lactone, esters and other sulphurous components increased with PEG 6000 application. According to the morphological observations, decreases were observed in plant dry weight (PDW), plant fresh weight (PFW), corm diameter (CD), daughter corm (DCN), and flower number (FN), between the control plants and those treated with PEG 6000. However, an increase was detected in root number (RN) and root length (RL). Leaf length (LL), on the other hand, increased with a 5% PEG application but decreased with higher concentrations.
Developing Guidelines for the Future of Visual Art Education: A Delphi Study of the Croatian Case
Authors: Skender Lana , Dubovicki Snježana 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe qualitative research examined how the Delphi method could be used to develop guidelines for the future of Visual Arts education in Croatia. The study gathered insights from eight experts across various disciplines, including art history, art pedagogy, visual culture, and curriculum theory, to assess the impact of visual culture on Visual Arts education. The experts discussed changes in teaching methods, the influence of visual culture on young people, its effect on curricula, the relationship between fine art and visual culture, and the importance of an interdisciplinary approach. The findings suggest that this methodology could serve as a model for future educational policy reforms and for innovating and creating new Visual Arts curricula.
Early Salience Signals Predict Interindividual Asymmetry in Decision Accuracy Across Rewarding and Punishing Contexts
Authors: Westwood Sean , Philiastides Marios G. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAsymmetry in choice patterns across rewarding and punishing contexts has long been observed in behavioural economics. Within existing theories of reinforcement learning, the mechanistic account of these behavioural differences is still debated. We propose that motivational salience—the degree of bottom‐up attention attracted by a stimulus with relation to motivational goals—offers a potential mechanism to modulate stimulus value updating and decision policy. In a probabilistic reversal learning task, we identified post‐feedback signals from EEG and pupillometry that captured differential activity with respect to rewarding and punishing contexts. We show that the degree of between‐context distinction in these signals predicts interindividual asymmetries in decision accuracy. Finally, we contextualise these effects in relation to the neural pathways that are currently centred in theories of reward and punishment learning, demonstrating how the motivational salience network could plausibly fit into a range of existing frameworks.
The Efficacy and Safety of Negative‐Pressure Wound Therapy Combined With Platelet‐Rich Plasma in Chronic Refractory Wounds: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Hao Ran , Luo Mao , Xiao Yanting , Li Jing , Lv Xinyue , Peng Yumei , Wu Yuxuan , Shen Yan , Jiang Wei 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsChronic refractory wound is a disease that seriously impairs the quality of life of patients. Negative pressure wound therapy and platelet‐rich plasma are commonly used to treat various types of wounds. Further research is necessary to explore the efficacy and safety of the combination of negative pressure wound therapy and platelet‐rich plasma in treating chronic refractory wounds.MethodsPubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane, CINAHL, CNKI, Sino Med, and Wanfang Med Online up until March 2024 were searched(PROSPERO No. CRD42024507963). Two investigators screened literature according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, evaluated bias and certainty of evidence using RoB 2.0 and GRADE. Stata 12.0 was used to analyze the data.ResultsA total of 35 randomized controlled trials involving 2495 participants were included. 34 studies were assessed as having some concerns, and 1 study as having high risk in the risk of bias assessment. The results of meta‐analysis showed that effective rate (RR1.23, 95% CI [1.17, 1.30], p < 0.001; I2 = 44.7%, p = 0.013), healing time (WMD‐9.32, 95% CI [−10.60, −8.03], p < 0.001; I² = 91.00%, p < 0.001), healing rate (RR1.76, 95% CI [1.50, 2.07], p < 0.001; I2 = 62.6%, p < 0.001), positive rate of bacterial(RR0.25, 95% CI [0.15, 0.40], p < 0.001; I² = 0%, p = 0.841), pain score (WMD‐1.43, 95% CI [−2.14, −0.72], p < 0.001; I² = 96.5%, p < 0.001), incidence of complications (RR0.45, 95% CI [0.30, 0.68], p < 0.001; I² = 46.3%, p = 0.098), length of hospital stay (WMD‐9.88, 95% CI [−13.42, 6.34], p < 0.001; I2 = 98.9%, p < 0.001), number of dressing changes (WMD‐2.56, 95% CI [−4.28, −0.83], p = 0.004; I² = 98.9%, p < 0.001), white blood cell level (WMD‐1.71, 95% CI [−2.00, −1.41], p < 0.001; I² = 33.9%, p = 0.195), c‐reactive protein level (WMD‐0.68, 95% CI [−1.04, −0.33], p < 0.001; I² = 88.8%, p < 0.001), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (WMD‐6.09, 95% CI [−8.05, −4.13], p < 0.001; I² = 13%, p = 0.32), score of vancouver scar scale (WMD‐1.78, 95% CI [−1.89, −1.66], p < 0.001; I² = 38.3%, p = 0.166) and preparation time of secondary repair (WMD‐4.95, 95% CI [−7.03, −2.87], p < 0.001; I² = 84.7%, p < 0.001) had statistically significant effects. However, hospitalization costs (WMD1423.56, 95% CI [−4588.93, 7436.06], p = 0.643; I2 = 100%, p < 0.001) had no significant difference.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that the combination of negative‐pressure wound therapy and platelet‐rich plasma can improve the efficacy and safety on chronic refractory wounds. Optimal parameter combinations, elucidation of pathogenesis and treatment mechanisms can be explored in the future.
Opposite effects of systemic and local conditional CD11c+ myeloid cell depletion during bleomycin‐induced inflammation and fibrosis in mice
Authors: Lopes Gabriel Augusto Oliveira , Lima Braulio Henrique Freire , Freitas Camila Simões , Peixoto Andiara Cardoso , Soriani Frederico Marianetti , Cassali Geovanni Dantas , Ryffel Bernhard , Teixeira Mauro Martins , Machado Fabiana Simão , Russo Remo Castro 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRationaleElevated levels of CD11c+ myeloid cells are observed in various pulmonary disorders, including Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF). Dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages (MΦ) are critical antigen‐presenting cells (APCs) that direct adaptive immunity. However, the role of CD11c+ myeloid cells in lung extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation and pulmonary fibrosis is poorly understood.ObjectiveWe aimed to investigate the impact of depleting CD11c+ myeloid cells, including DCs and macrophages, during bleomycin‐induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice.MethodsWe used a diphtheria toxin (DTx) receptor (DTR) transgenic mouse model (CD11c‐DTR‐Tg) to deplete CD11c+ myeloid cells through two methods: Systemic Depletion (SD) via intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) and local depletion (LD) via intranasal instillation (i.n.). We then assessed the effects of CD11c+ cell depletion during bleomycin‐induced lung inflammation and fibrosis.ResultsFourteen days after bleomycin instillation, there was a progressive accumulation of myeloid cells, specifically F4/80‐MHCII+CD11c+ DCs and F4/80 + MHCII+CD11c+ MΦ, preceding mortality and pulmonary fibrosis. Systemic depletion of CD11c+ DCs and MΦ via i.p. DTx administration in CD11c‐DTR‐Tg mice protected against bleomycin‐induced mortality and pulmonary fibrosis compared to wild‐type (WT) mice. Systemic depletion reduced myeloid cells, airway inflammation (total leukocytes, neutrophils, and CD4+ lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), inflammatory and fibrogenic mediators, and fibrosis‐related mRNAs (Collagen‐1α1 and α‐SMA). Increased anti‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐10 and CXCL9 levels were observed, resulting in lower lung hydroxyproline content and Ashcroft fibrosis score. Conversely, local depletion of CD11c+ cells increased mortality by acute leukocyte influx (predominantly neutrophils, DCs, and MΦ in BAL) correlated to IL‐1β, with lung hyper‐inflammation and early fibrosis development.ConclusionSystemic depletion of CD11c+ cells confers protection against inflammation and fibrosis induced by Bleomycin, underscoring the significance of myeloid cells expressing F4/80‐MHCII+CD11c+ DCs and F4/80 + MHCII+CD11c+ MΦ orchestrating the inflammatory milieu within the lungs, potentially as a source of cytokines sustaining pulmonary chronic inflammation leading to progressive fibrosis and mortality.
CL‐20/4,5‐MDNI crystal growth and morphology under different conditions: A molecular dynamics simulation
Authors: Zhou Xuan , Song Liang , Li Xing , Zeng Xiu‐Lin , Ju Xue‐Hai 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCL‐20/4,5‐MDNI exists in two cocrystal forms with different stoichiometric ratios of 1:1 and 1:3. The properties (such as blast performance, thermal performance, sensitivity, and density) of the two cocrystals are significantly different, but both cocrystals are expected to become new high‐energy insensitive explosives and have good applications. The AE model and molecular dynamics were used to simulate the crystal morphology and important crystal planes of 1:1 and 1:3 CL‐20/4,5‐MDNI under vacuum conditions, as well as in five solvents and different temperatures. 1:1 CL‐20/4,5‐MDNI has five main growth crystal planes of (002), (102), (111), (020) and (021), of which (002) has the largest proportion. 1:3 CL‐20/4,5‐MDNI has six main growth crystal planes of (001), (010), (011), (100), (101) and (111), of which (001) accounts for the largest proportion. The crystal morphology aspect ratio of 1:3 CL‐20/4,5‐MDNI in acetonitrile and 1:1 CL‐20/4,5‐MDNI in methanol are 1.936 and 1.680, respectively. The results were consistent with the experiments, which has certain guiding significance for CL‐20/4,5‐MDNI to obtain a crystal morphology closer to spherical shape.