bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mexican Revolution, c. 1910–1960
Authors: Rath Thom 
Published: November 2024

In 1910 Francisco Madero ran for the Mexican presidency, was thrown in jail, escaped, and then issued a call for revolution. A coalition of middle-class reformers and peasants promptly took up arms and propelled Madero to the presidency, toppling the regime of General Porfirio Díaz. In this way, the Mexican Revolution began more or less on schedule. It is much harder to say when it ended, or if it succeeded. Madero’s revolution ignited a decade of war and upheaval. Eventually, a party that claimed to be revolutionary emerged from the bloodshed and governed the country from 1929 to 2000. The revolution meant different things to different people. The famous Constitution of 1917 provided a hazy blueprint of sorts; it promised civilian democracy and bolstered labor and agrarian rights, economic sovereignty, anticlericalism, and presidential authority. But there was little consensus about how to reconcile these different aims, and the new regime implemented the constitution selectively and unevenly. After a surge of social reform, land redistribution, and economic nationalism in the mid-1930s, the regime’s radical commitments waned. In 1946 the ruling party started to call itself the Party of the Institutional Revolution—a name as paradoxical as it was appropriate. The Mexican Revolution inspired a huge historiography, but relatively little on warfare and the military. Generally, the traditional concerns of military historians—battles, arms, tactics, strategy—have been left to veterans. There is rather more on popular mobilization, as befits a revolution. But when it comes to the military’s broader relations with politics and society, even here Mexico lags well behind other countries in the region, let alone Europe and the United States. It may be that Mexico’s lack of Cold War–era coups drained scholarly interest. Some trends in the discipline—the new cultural history of 1990s, for example—paid little attention to violence or military affairs. Most important, the military itself has long resisted public scrutiny, rewarding secrecy, actively discouraging scholarship, and barring access to archives. After c. 2000, access to relevant archival sources improved somewhat, while the military’s growing prominence in policing and the so-called Drug War renewed interest in its history and violence in general. There are still many promising avenues for researchers to explore.
Society, Science, and Problem-Solving Courts
Authors: Miller Monica K. , Holbrook Mia A. , Yelderman Logan A. , Kulak Kylie 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
While the United States has numerous problem-solving courts (e.g., drug courts, mental health courts, gambling courts), other countries do not have such courts, have altered versions of these courts, or have courts for other issues (e.g., Aboriginal courts). Some societies address their social issues through courts in dramatically different fashion than problem-solving courts in the United States. This book takes a psychological approach to explain what societal factors (norms, economics, politics, etc.) brought about the development of the wide variety of problem-solving courts. It also highlights factors that prevent the development of problem-solving courts or make them unnecessary. Justice principles (e.g., restorative justice, therapeutic jurisprudence) also play a part in some problem-solving courts and are thus included in this discussion. Additionally, the book investigates the role of science and technology in the development of such courts. This includes the science needed to carry out these courts (e.g., ankle monitoring, drug testing) and the science needed to evaluate these courts’ effectiveness. The main premise of the book is that science and society together can explain much of the development, expansion, and variety of problem-solving courts worldwide. Psychologists have long recognized that culture affects the development of social behavior, social structures, and social procedures. Thus, it is no surprise that culture plays a role in shaping whether a society considers something to be a social issue, and whether that society’s people choose to address this issue through the court system. This social science, in addition to medical science and technology, makes problem-solving courts possible.
Scientific Methodology Used in Evaluations of Problem-Solving Courts
Authors: Miller Monica K. , Yelderman Logan A. , Holbrook Mia A. , Kulak Kylie 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Evaluating the success of problem-solving courts is crucial for determining if they meet their goals, determining outcomes, and guiding decisions on their future continuation. Scientific evaluations of problem-solving courts can vary for many reasons, including court type, country of origin, implementation plans, and societal limitations. This chapter outlines the scientific evaluations conducted on problem-solving courts, analyzing the similarities and differences while investigating effectiveness. This includes exploring the variation in evaluation approaches across different societies. Examining how the evaluation of PSCs integrates a range of justice and psychological principles, including therapeutic jurisprudence, procedural justice, community sentiment, and social support provides a link to the connection between culture and society. Highlighting the variables and methods used, the rigor of design, the principles of the courts, and global classification, this chapter will analyze problem-solving courts evaluations and provide global comparison for each type of court.
We Tried to Tell Y'All
Authors: Clark Meredith D. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
For decades, Black folks in America have used different media technologies with the express purpose of telling tshe truth about themselves and their experiences. We Tried to Tell Y’all adds to this rich history by positioning Black Twitter as both a space for building and sustaining community connections, as well as a tool for the development of digital counternarratives that stand in juxtaposition to news media coverage that distorts the reality of what it’s like to be Black in America in the early twenty-first century. Drawing on interviews, personal observation, and news analysis, the book offers insight on the dynamic nature of how Black social media users’ experiences on platform shaped social movements, elevated the voices of Black women intellectuals from all walks of life, and repeatedly shifted popular culture. As part of the emerging canon on Black digital cultural studies, the book is a testament about the gap between who the news media say Black people are, and who we know ourselves to be.
Black Women’s Work
Authors: Clark Meredith D. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Black women are the locomotive power of Black Twitter. Whether gathering online to tweet through a live TV show or simulcast movie, or developing theory outside the walls of academia, the intellectual labor of Black women and femmes from all walks of life is a foundational contribution to Black Twitter’s prominence and relevance. From mobilizing voters to tip the balance of power at a critical moment, to creating digital spaces to confront common attitudes of hypersexualization and adultification of Black girls, the women and femmes who make up Black Twitter have, through their online discourse, extended a legacy of Black feminist intellectualism rooted in everyday theorizing into the digital space. This chapter discusses how Black women navigated the platform to form networks of defense and encouragement, while actively testifying about the truth of their lives.
From Calling Out to Cancel Culture
Authors: Clark Meredith D. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
What exactly does it mean for someone to be “canceled”? With origins in Black vernacular traditions of “reading” and “dragging,” digital accountability practices within Black Twitter have taken on a life of their own through media misinterpretation. Black Twitter’s unfiltered practices of symbolically “cancelling” businesses, institutions, and trends has a history rooted in analog forms of resistance, such as boycotts used as tools to assert personhood and reclaim dignity. But platforms create discourse on a scale that illuminates the imperfect details of collective resistance often omitted from historical narratives that frame protest as orderly and respectable; narratives that have since been used to criticize contemporary resistance as deviant and dangerous. This chapter explores the controversy around so-called cancel culture to explain how Black Twitter has leveraged platform affordances, community connections, and cultural resonance to hold the powerful to account.
Arbitrating Empire
Authors: 9780190093013  , Powers Allison 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Arbitrating Empire: United States Expansion and the Transformation of International Law offers a new history of the US rise to global power—one shaped as much by attempts to conceal colonial violence from international legal scrutiny as it was by efforts to project influence across the globe. Drawing on extensive archival research in the United States, Mexico, Panama, and the United Kingdom, the book traces how thousands of dispossessed residents of US-annexed territories petitioned arbitral Claims Commissions between the 1870s and the 1930s to charge the United States with violating international legal protections for life and property. Through attention to their claims-making, the book demonstrates how unexpected plaintiffs—from colonized subjects to migrant workers—transformed a series of tribunals designed to establish the legality of US interventions into sites through which to challenge the legitimacy of US governance. Moving between Arizona copper mines, Texas cotton fields, Samoan port cities, Cuban sugar plantations, the locks and stops of the Panama Canal Zone, and the arbitrations convened in metropolitan capitals to which claimants turned for redress, the book uncovers how seemingly ordinary people used international law to hold the United States accountable for state-sanctioned violence during the decades when the nation was first becoming a global empire—and demonstrates why the State Department’s attempts to erase their claims transformed international law in ways that continue to shield the US government from liability to this day.
Arbitrating War
Authors: Powers Allison 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This chapter traces the rise and fall of the “tridominium” protectorate that the United States, Britain, and Germany claimed over Samoa between 1889 and 1899. The three powers attempted to deploy arbitration as a model of colonial governance, characterizing decrees of the tridominium as “international law awards.” Samoan petitioners however charged the tridominium government itself with violating the international laws of war. Challenging common historical narratives that characterize the US annexation of eastern Samoa in 1900 as a footnote to the 1898 Spanish-American War, the chapter argues that the US turn to military rule emerged in part out of colonial administrators’ inability to suppress Samoan political challenges to the professed power of the tridominium.
Arbitrating Citizenship
Authors: Powers Allison 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This chapter analyzes the Spanish Treaty Claims Commission (1901–1910) convened by the United States to award monetary compensation for US citizens who had suffered damages to “life and property” resulting from the 1898 Spanish-American War. Uncovering how the Office of the Attorney General used the tribunal to establish the legality of US military strategies in the Philippines and to contest the citizenship of naturalized US citizens born in Cuba, the chapter argues that the United States used arbitration not only to settle outstanding diplomatic claims, but also to establish a legal basis for ongoing colonial violence following the war’s close.
Mariachi Song
Authors: Ulloa Juanita 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Learn how to define Mariachi or ranchera singing, originally an oral folk tradition from the early 1800s, ranging from the western states of Mexico up through the Southwest United States as far as San Francisco, California. Mariachi singing has always been colorful, collaborative, and artistic, combining voice, instrumentalists, and dance. They unite together celebrating lifestyle events in communities. Chapter 1 defines the identifying features of the mariachi vocal style, and the variety of terms used to describe Mexican song as relates to this style. The vocal aspects of ranchera music take on their own history in Chapter 2, leading ranchera music towards stardom in charro movies after 1937. Today’s growth of mariachi programs in the United States is well established, but vocal awareness, and vocal standards of excellence have yet to be established and integrated. The tradition leans on vocal repertoire. Despite these conditions, today, ranchera music, continues to grow as an important international symbol of Mexico and is honored as such by UNESCO.
Mariachi Voice Pedagogy
Authors: Ulloa Juanita 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Voice pedagogy covers technical aspects of mariachi singing and voice production as related to the mariachi style. This chapter also includes an article by voice scientist John Nix on how to understand the voice as an instrument with guidelines on vocal care. Dr. Ulloa helps readers identify technical similarities and differences between classical and mariachi song, what to expect from a voice teacher, developing awareness of vocal fatigue, learning to sing falsete with exercises, how to practice, finding the perfect key for one’s voice, and warm-ups using specific mariachi song excerpts. Each section has follow-up lessons with questions/answers. Unique to this chapter is Ulloa’s definition of a fach, or specific register/timbre of utmost importance to singing ranchera songs authentically as a woman.
Four Interviews with Mariachi Artists on Voice
Authors: Ulloa Juanita 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Four artist interviews with four distinct singers, each at the top of their field and each extraordinarily different. How does each think about and develop their voice? Did they receive training or wish they had? What guided them? What challenges did they encounter? Enjoy interviews with Linda Ronstadt, two of the grandchildren of legendary Jorge Negrete (both of them singers themselves), the Latin Grammy-winning contemporary female mariachi duo Flor de Toloache (they love using beautiful vocals to explore new sounds), and the more traditional, excellent San Antonio freelance mariachi ensemble singer/violinist Raul Cuellar, currently playing with Mariachi Los Camperos de Nati Cano.
Objects and Attitudes
Authors: Moltmann Friederike 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This book develops a new approach to the semantics of sentences based on a novel ontology of attitudinal and modal objects, or more generally satisfiable objects. On that view, roughly, (embedded and independent) sentences serve as predicates of attitudinal objects (entities like claims, beliefs, decisions, requests, and promises), of modal objects (entities like needs, obligations, permissions), and of locutionary and phatic objects of different kinds. The view overcomes various conceptual and empirical problems for propositions, abstract objects standardly taken to be the referents of clausal complements of attitude verbs. The approach is applied to the semantics of attitude reports by focusing on attitude reports with complex predicates (have the thought that S), rather than simple attitude verbs (think). It is applied to modal sentences overcoming well-known problems for possible-worlds semantics (in particular when applied to deontic modals). The approach yields a new semantics of verbs of saying and quotation by making use of locutionary and phatic objects. It is also applied to predicates of facts and states of affairs, by conceiving of facts and states of affairs as modal objects of a sort. The book argues that the satisfaction conditions of attitudinal and modal objects are understood best in terms of truthmaker semantics and develops ‘object-based truthmaker semantics’ as an extension of truthmaker semantics to mental, illocutionary, and locutionary objects.
Object-Based Truthmaker Semantics for Modals
Authors: Moltmann Friederike 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This chapter applies object-based truthmaker semantics to the semantics of modals. It gives the general logical form of modal sentences in which both the modal and the prejacent or scope of the modal are treated as predicates of a modal object. It applies object-based truthmaker semantics to performative modals in independent and embedded contexts. It gives an account of the notion of a modal base against the background of the ontology of modal objects. It applies object-based truthmaker semantics to deontic modal sentences and in particular the distinction between weak and strong permissions. It shows how inferences with modal sentences are better accounted for within object-based truthmaker semantics rather than possible-worlds semantics, and it gives a comparison with Fine’s sentence-based truthmaker semantics of deontic modals. Finally, it indicates how object-based truthmaker semantics can be applied to other modals and obtains further motivations, for example, when essences are considered modal objects.
The Syntax and Semantics of Basic Attitude Reports
Authors: Moltmann Friederike 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This chapter gives the general semantics of basic attitude reports, attitude reports with verbs like claim, with which the complement clause acts as a predicate of the described attitudinal object. It introduces background attitudinal objects for the purpose of the semantics of presuppositions. It elaborates the compositional semantics of attitude reports, pursuing the view that simple attitude verbs like claim are syntactically derived from complex predicates of the form light verb-attitudinal-object noun (make claim). It gives a compositional semantics of special quantifiers like something based on the view that such quantifiers involve the light noun thing acting as a numeral classifier. It also gives an analysis of harmonic modals. In one appendix, it proposes an account of opacity with the theory; in a second appendix, it discusses whether clausal complements give only a partial content of the attitudinal or modal object to which they apply.
Night Attack on the Sanjō Palace
Authors: Holliday Peter J. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Chapter 6 examines commemorative practices in medieval Japan, especially illustrated handscrolls (emakimono) recounting warrior tales (gunki monogatari) drawn from oral traditions. The Heiji monogatari recounts events of the Heiji Insurrection, an imperial succession dispute when the Minamoto samurai clan laid siege to Kyōto, which was opposed by the Taira clan. The finest of these scrolls represents the siege of the Sanjō Palace, the residence of the Retired Emperor Go-Shirakawa. It utilizes a narrative structure called intermittence, in which the texts appeared only at the beginning or at the end of the scroll, affording prominence to continuous illustrations that change settings (hampuku byosha). This chapter examines other formal structures in the scroll’s composition, such as the use of an innovative bird’s-eye perspective (chokan). The use of such scrolls for public recitation and private viewing suggests how the memory of events was preserved. Gunki monogatari helped sustain bushido, a philosophy and code of conduct that guided the ruling elite in medieval Japan.
The Battle of San Romano
Authors: Holliday Peter J. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Chapter 7 examines Paolo Uccello’s three panel paintings commemorating the Battle of San Romano, a daylong encounter between Florentine forces led by the condottiere Niccolò da Tolentino against the Sienese under Bernardino della Carda. Although elements of the imagery are highly stylized and theatrical, texts by Renaissance writers, including Machiavelli, Alberti, and Ghiberti, help demonstrate how Uccello’s technical innovations in perspective made the imagery memorable for contemporary viewers and enhanced its propagandistic function. The triptych depicts the battle as a major victory for the Florentines and was probably originally commissioned by the Bartolini Salimbeni family, supporters of the Medici faction; the paintings were so esteemed and effective that they were appropriated by and eventually attributed to the Medici themselves.
The Hünernāme
Authors: Holliday Peter J. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Chapter 9 examines the late sixteenth-century illustrated histories (şehnāmes) commissioned by Sokollu Mehmed Pasha, who collaborated with the historian Seyyid Lokman to shape the canonical Ottoman court record. Sokollu used them to fashion his image as the grand vizier under Süleyman, particularly by commemorating his role in military campaigns against the Habsburgs in Transylvania. Public and private readings of these histories played a prominent role in the recruiting (devşirme) system that acculturated trainees of diverse ethnic and religious backgrounds to join the Ottoman elite; seeing themselves illustrated in the histories established their identities within the court. This chapter demonstrates how these histories helped fashion a specifically Ottoman image and style in the visual arts, a tool deployed in the Ottoman Empire’s competition with the Safavid Empire of Iran for political and religious supremacy in the Islamic world as each competed to express their distinct identities through the production of material culture.
The Surrender of Breda
Authors: Holliday Peter J. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Chapter 10 examines the world in which “propaganda” was given its modern name with the rise of modern nation-states under absolute monarchs. Diego Velázquez’s The Surrender of Breda commemorates a Spanish victory over the Dutch in the Thirty Years’ War painted for Philip IV’s Buen Retiro Palace outside Madrid. Velázquez broke from the traditional Baroque submission scene to depict a moment of grace and magnanimity on the part of the victor, his friend Ambrogio Spinola. Juxtaposed with Peter Paul Rubens’s depiction of Marie de’Medici in the Victory of Jülich, a largely fictitious Baroque allegory, this chapter signals the development of history painting, the genre that would dominate academic art for the next two centuries.
Guernica
Authors: Holliday Peter J. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines how a flourishing art market, changes in exhibition practices, and avant-garde movements in the modern era contributed to the decline of academic history painting. Analysis of works by Delacroix and Manet demonstrate how the representation of historical subjects came to perform as vehicles of criticism and protest rather than celebratory propaganda for ruling elites. This chapter argues that Picasso’s Guernica may be one of the last great historical representations. He drew upon his profound knowledge of art history and his engagement with recent movements like Cubism and Surrealism in devising his composition; painted as an immediate response to an atrocity in the Spanish Civil War, Picasso deployed a highly personal idiosyncratic iconography to fashion a paradoxically universal allegory of the horrors of war.