bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growth Factors Release From Concentrated Growth Factors: Effect of β-Tricalcium Phosphate Addition
Authors: Bonazza Veronica , Hajistilly Christopher , Patel Dinker , Patel Jatan , Woo Rita , Cocchi Marco Angelo , Buffoli Barbara , Lancini Davide , Gheno Ezio , Rezzani Rita , Jahanzeb Sadia , Hunnisett Adrian , Almasri Maher , Lucchina Alberta Greco , Brucoli Matteo , Mortellaro Carmen , Rodella Luigi Fabrizio 
Published: May 2018

Background:Platelet concentrates represent a new approach to improve tissue regeneration and can be used alone or together with autogenous bone, recombinant human growth factors, and/or other biomaterials, to enhance tissue regeneration. Among platelet concentrates, concentrated growth factors (CGFs) exhibit an interesting clinical and biotechnological application potential.Objective:The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro release of 4 growth factors (bone morphogenetic proteins [BMP] -2, BMP-7, transforming growth factor [TGF] -β1, and insulin-like growth factor [IGF] -1) by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique, in CGFs mixed or not with β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), using or not the Round-up device, at different times.Methods:CGFs were obtained from healthy volunteers, mixed or not with β-TCP, using or not the Round-up device. The release of 4 growth factors from these CGFs was then measured at 5 hours, 1, 3, 6, and 8 days, using the ELISA assay.Results:Comparison of the results obtained with those achieved for CGFs alone showed that BMP2 and BMP-7 release, significantly increased in CGFs mixed with Round-up and β-TCP, TGF-β1 release was similar to CGFs alone, whereas IG-1 release was lower compared with CGFs alone.Conclusion:The present data suggest that β-TCP addition to CGF could enhance and improve tissue regeneration, especially bone regeneration, increasing the release of some growth factors that play an important role in osteogenesis.
Palatal Wiring: Renewing an Old Technique (Circumpalatal Wiring)
Authors: Rahpeyma Amin , Khajehahmadi Saeedeh 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Circumpalatal wiring has 2 negative points. The first is premature loosening of the wire and the second is tongue irritation caused by exposed wire in roof of the mouth. In this article, a modified technique (palatal wiring) is introduced in which these 2 problems are targeted. In this technique, a small bur hole is created into the hard palate, without the need for flap reflection and wire is passed through it, grasps in the nose, and returns to the oral cavity via sublabial puncture point then 2 ends are twisted in labial vestibule. Palatal wiring can be used alone or as an aid to firmly secure arch bar.
Integrating a Profile of Frontal Face With Its Mirror Image for Facial Reconstruction
Authors: Kaur Paramjit , Krishan Kewal , Sharma Suresh K. , Kanchan Tanuj 
Published: May 2018

Introduction and Objectives:
Face recognition plays an important role in the field of biometrics, bioinformatics, and forensic identification. Human faces appear bilaterally symmetric. However, asymmetry is a norm in the human body and careful morphological and metric examination of the human face gives an exact idea of the asymmetry present in the face of an individual. Most of the studies on asymmetry of human face have been carried out with regard to evaluation of expressions in psychology, anthropology, and biometrics. In this preliminary study, an idea of the human face symmetry has been used for complete facial reconstruction. Sometimes, in the CCTV cameras and other surveillance systems, the complete face is not visible, but only a half of the frontal face is detectable. In all such cases, the mirror image of the face can be used to reconstruct the complete face of the person in question for representation-based face recognition. In previous studies related to forensic identification and in the discipline of computer science, mirror images have only been used to overcome and deal with the problem of nonsufficient training sample and have not been used for the reconstruction of the full facial profile.

Methodology:
In this article, we present a computerized methodology to generate the mirror image from one frontal half of the face (either left or right) and merging the both (input image and generated mirror image) halves to create the full face. The program was designed using METLAB computer program. This procedure is very simple, less time–consuming, and computationally efficient.

Results and Conclusion:
The results have been presented with regard to generate a complete face in those cases where only one frontal profile, that is, left or right sides of the face is available for examination. The scenario is commonly seen in those cases also where shadow almost hides one half of the face. The proposed methodology would also be useful for improving other facial reconstruction and recognition methods in forensic identification and in other medical fields such as plastic surgery, where creating full face still poses a technical challenge to a plastic surgeon. Some challenges, limitations, and future perspectives of the method have also been discussed in the article.
Alignment of Personality Is Associated With Increased Intraoperative Entrustment
Authors: Sutzko Danielle C. , Boniakowski Anna E. , Nikolian Vahagn C. , Georgoff Patrick E. , Matusko Niki , Thompson-Burdine Juliet A. , Stoll Hadley I. , Prabhu Kaustubh A. , Minter Rebecca M. , Sandhu Gurjit 
Published: May 2018

Objective:
To determine the association between intraoperative entrustment and personality alignment.

Summary Background Data:
For surgical residents, achieving operative autonomy has become increasingly difficult. The impact of faculty-resident operative interactions in accomplishing this goal is not well understood. We hypothesized that if operative dyads (faculty and resident) had personality alignment or congruency, then resident entrustment in the operating room would increase.

Methods:
We completed a retrospective analysis of 63 operations performed from September 2015 to August 2016. Operations were scored using OpTrust, a validated tool that assesses progressive entrustment of responsibility to surgical residents in the operating room. All dyads were classified as having congruent or incongruent personality alignment as measured by promotion or prevention orientation using the regulatory focus questionnaire. The association between personality congruence and OpTrust scores was identified using multivariable linear regression.

Results:
A total of 35 congruent dyads and 28 incongruent dyads were identified. Congruent dyads had a higher percentage of “very difficult” cases (33.3 vs. 7.4%, P = 0.017), female residents (37.1 vs. 14.3%, P = 0.042) and faculty with fewer years of experience (10.4 vs. 14.8%, P = 0.028) than incongruent dyads. In addition to post-graduate year level, dyad congruency was independently associated with a 0.88 increase (95% CI [0.27–1.49], P = 0.006) in OpTrust scores (overall range 2–8), after adjusting for case difficulty, faculty experience, and post-graduate year.

Conclusions:
Congruent operative dyads are associated with increased operative entrustment as demonstrated by increased OpTrust scores. Developing awareness and strategies for addressing incongruence in personality in the operative dyad is needed.
Data-driven Development of ROTEM and TEG Algorithms for the Management of Trauma Hemorrhage
Authors: Baksaas-Aasen Kjersti , Van Dieren Susan , Balvers Kirsten , Juffermans Nicole P. , Næss Pål A. , Rourke Claire , Eaglestone Simon , Ostrowski Sisse R. , Stensballe Jakob , Stanworth Simon , Maegele Marc , Goslings J. C. , Johansson Pär I. , Brohi Karim , Gaarder Christine 
Published: May 2018

Objective:
Developing pragmatic data-driven algorithms for management of trauma induced coagulopathy (TIC) during trauma hemorrhage for viscoelastic hemostatic assays (VHAs).

Background:
Admission data from conventional coagulation tests (CCT), rotational thrombelastometry (ROTEM) and thrombelastography (TEG) were collected prospectively at 6 European trauma centers during 2008 to 2013.

Methods:
To identify significant VHA parameters capable of detecting TIC (defined as INR > 1.2), hypofibrinogenemia (< 2.0 g/L), and thrombocytopenia (< 100 x109/L), univariate regression models were constructed. Area under the curve (AUC) was calculated, and threshold values for TEG and ROTEM parameters with 70% sensitivity were included in the algorithms.

Results:
A total of, 2287 adult trauma patients (ROTEM: 2019 and TEG: 968) were enrolled. FIBTEM clot amplitude at 5 minutes (CA5) had the largest AUC and 10 mm detected hypofibrinogenemia with 70% sensitivity. The corresponding value for functional fibrinogen (FF) TEG maximum amplitude (MA) was 19 mm. Thrombocytopenia was similarly detected using the calculated threshold EXTEM-FIBTEM CA5 30 mm. The corresponding rTEG-FF TEG MA was 46 mm. TIC was identified by EXTEM CA5 41 mm, rTEG MA 64 mm (80% sensitivity). For hyperfibrinolysis, we examined the relationship between viscoelastic lysis parameters and clinical outcomes, with resulting threshold values of 85% for EXTEM Li30 and 10% for rTEG Ly30.
Based on these analyses, we constructed algorithms for ROTEM, TEG, and CCTs to be used in addition to ratio driven transfusion and tranexamic acid.

Conclusions:
We describe a systematic approach to define threshold parameters for ROTEM and TEG. These parameters were incorporated into algorithms to support data-driven adjustments of resuscitation with therapeutics, to optimize damage control resuscitation practice in trauma.
Methionine antagonizespara-aminosalicylic acid activity via affecting folate precursor biosynthesis pathway inMycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Howe Michael D. , Kordus Shannon L. , Cole Malcolm S. , Bauman Allison A. , Aldrich Courtney C. , Baughn Anthony D. , Minato Yusuke 
Published: May 2018

Abstractpara-Aminosalicylic acid (PAS) is a second-line anti-tubercular drug that is used for the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB). PAS efficacy in the treatment of TB is limited by its lower potency againstMycobacterium tuberculosisrelative to many other drugs in the TB treatment arsenal. It is known that intrinsic metabolites, such aspara-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and methionine, antagonize PAS and structurally related anti-folate drugs. While the basis for PABA-mediated antagonism of anti-folates is understood, the mechanism for methionine-based antagonism remains undefined. In the present study, we used both targeted and untargeted approaches to identify factors associated with methionine-mediated antagonism of PAS activity. We found that synthesis of folate precursors as well as a putative amino acid transporter play crucial roles in this process. We also discovered that intracellular biotin confers intrinsic PAS resistance in a methionine-independent manner. Collectively, our results demonstrate that methionine-mediated antagonism of anti-folate drugs occurs through sustained production of folate precursors.
Facial masculinity does not appear to be a condition-dependent male ornament in humans and does not reflect MHC heterozygosity
Authors: Zaidi Arslan A. , White Julie D. , Mattern Brooke C. , Liebowitz Corey R. , Puts David A. , Claes Peter , Shriver Mark D. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractFacial masculinity is thought to be a condition-dependent male ornament, reflecting immunocompetence in humans. To test this hypothesis, we calculated an objective measure of facial masculinity/femininity using three-dimensional images in a large sample (N = 1,233) of people of European ancestry. We show that facial masculinity is positively correlated with adult height in both males and females. This suggests that variation in growth contributes, at least in part, to variation in facial masculinity, which is characteristic of condition-dependent traits. However, facial masculinity scales with growth similarly in males and females, suggesting that facial masculinity is not specifically a male ornament. Additionally, we measured immunocompetence via heterozygosity at the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), a well known genetic marker of immunity. We show that while height is positively correlated with MHC heterozygosity, facial masculinity is not. Thus, facial masculinity does not reflect immunocompetence measured by MHC heterozygosity in humans as thought previously. Overall, we find no support for the idea that facial masculinity is a condition-dependent male ornament that has evolved to indicate immunocompetence.
Intellectual contributions meriting authorship: Survey results from the top cited authors across all science categories
Authors: Patience Gregory S. , Galli Federico , Patience Paul A. , Boffito Daria C. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAuthorship is the currency of an academic career for which the number of papers researchers publish demonstrates creativity, productivity, and impact. To discourage coercive authorship practices and inflated publication records, journals require authors to affirm and detail their intellectual contributions but this strategy has been unsuccessful as authorship lists continue to grow. Here, we surveyed close to 6000 of the top cited authors in all science categories with a list of 25 research activities that we adapted from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) authorship guidelines. Responses varied widely from individuals in the same discipline, same level of experience, and the same geographic region. Most researchers agreed with the NIH criteria and grant authorship to individuals that draft the manuscript, analyze and interpret data, and propose ideas. However, thousands of the researchers also value supervision and contributing comments to the manuscript whereas the NIH recommends discounting these activities when attributing authorship. People value the minutiae of research beyond writing and data reduction: researchers in the humanities value it less than those in pure and applied sciences; individuals from Far East Asia and Middle East and Northern Africa value these activities more than anglophones and northern Europeans. While developing national and international collaborations, researchers must recognize differences in peoples values while assigning authorship.
ThePseudomonas aeruginosaPilSR two-component system regulates both twitching and swimming motilities
Authors: Kilmury Sara L.N. , Burrows Lori L. 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTMotility is an important virulence trait for many bacterial pathogens, allowing them to position themselves in appropriate locations at appropriate times. Motility structures - pili and flagella - are also involved in sensing surface contact, which modulates pathogenicity. InPseudomonas aeruginosa, the PilS-PilR two-component system (TCS) regulates expression of the type IV pilus (T4P) major subunit PilA, while biosynthesis of the single polar flagellum is regulated by a hierarchical system that includes the FleSR TCS. Previous studies inGeobacter sulfurreducensandDichelobacter nodosusimplicated PilR in regulation of non-T4P-related genes, including some involved in flagellar biosynthesis. Here we used RNAseq analysis to identify genes in addition topilAwith changes in expression in the absence ofpilR. Among these were 10 genes inversely dysregulated by loss ofpilAversuspilR, even though bothpilAandpilRmutants lack T4P and pilus-related phenotypes. The products of those genes - many of which were hypothetical - may be important for virulence and surface-associated behaviours, as mutants had altered swarming motility, biofilm formation, type VI secretion, and pathogenicity in a nematode model. Further, the PilSR TCS positively regulated transcription offleSR, and thus many genes in the FleSR regulon. As a result,pilSRdeletion mutants had defects in swimming motility that were independent of the loss of PilA. Together these data suggest that in addition to controlling T4P expression, PilSR have a broader role in the regulation ofP. aeruginosamotility and surface sensing behaviours.
Diverse incubation rhythms in a facultatively uniparental shorebird – the Northern Lapwing
Authors: Sládeček Martin , Vozabulová Eva , Šálek Miroslav E. , Bulla Martin 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIncubation by both parents is the most common form of care for eggs. Although the involvement of the two parents may vary dramatically between and within pairs, as well as over the day and breeding season, detailed description of this variation (especially in species with variable male contribution to incubation) is rare. Here, we continuously video-monitored 113 nests of Northern LapwingVanellus vanellusover the breeding season to reveal the diversity of incubation rhythms and parental involvement. We found great between-nest variation in the overall nest attendance (68 –94%; median = 87%) and in how much males incubated (0 – 37%; median = 13%). Notably, the less the males incubated, the lower was the overall nest attendance, even though females partially compensated for the males’ decrease. Overall, incubation rhythms changed little over the season and incubation period. However, as nights shorten with the progressing breeding season, the female longest night incubation bout shortened too. Essentially, nest attendance was highest, incubation bouts longest, exchange gaps shortest and male involvement lowest during the night. Also, males tended to incubate the most after sunrise and before sunset. To conclude, we revealed strong circadian rhythms and remarkable between nest differences in Northern Lapwing incubation (especially in male involvement), yet despite seasonal environmental trends (e.g. increasing temperature) Lapwing incubation rhythms remained relatively stable over the season and incubation period.
Human Als3p Antibodies are Surrogate Markers of NDV-3A Vaccine Efficacy Against Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis
Authors: Uppuluri Priya , Singh Shakti , Alqarihi Abdullah , Schmidt Clint S. , Hennessey John P. , Yeaman Michael R. , Filler Scott G. , Edwards John E. , Ibrahim Ashraf S. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA Phase 1b/2a clinical trial of NDV-3A vaccine containing a Candida albicans recombinant Als3 protein protected women <40 years old from recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC). We investigated the potential use of anti-Als3p sera as surrogate marker of NDV-3A efficacy. Pre- and post-vaccination sera from subjects who experienced recurrence of VVC (R) versus those who were recurrence-free (non-recurrent, NR) were evaluated. Anti-Als3p antisera obtained were evaluated for; 1) titer and subclass profile; 2) their ability to influence C. albicans virulence traits including hyphal elongation, adherence to plastic, invasion of vaginal epithelial cells, biofilm formation on plastic and catheter material, and susceptibility to neutrophil killing in vitro. Serum IgG titers in NR patients were consistently higher than in R patients, particularly for anti-Als3 subclass IgG2. Sera from vaccinated NR patients reduced hyphal elongation, adhesion to plastic, invasion of vaginal epithelial cells and biofilm formation significantly more than pre-immune sera, or sera from R- or placebo-group subjects. Pre-adsorption of sera with C. albicans germ tubes eliminated these effects, while heat inactivation did not. Finally, sera from NR subjects enhanced neutrophil-mediated killing of C. albicans relative to pre-immune sera or sera from R patients. Our results suggest that higher Als3p antibody titers are associated with protection from RVVC, attenuate C. albicans virulence and augment immune clearance of the fungus in vitro. Thus, Als3p serum IgG antibodies are likely useful markers of efficacy in RVVC patients vaccinated with NDV-3A.AbbreviationsAls3pAgglutinin-like sequence 53 3 proteinAUCarea under the curveCFUcolony forming unitConAConcanavalin AELISAenzyme-linked immunosorbent assayHyr1phyphal regulating protein 1IRBinstitutional review boardOPKopsonophagocytic killingNRnon-recurrentNDV-3recombinant His-tagged N-terminus of Als3p R formulated with alumNDV-3Arecombinant N-terminus of Als3p R formulated with alum recurrentRVVCrecurrent vulvovaginal candidiasisROCReceiver-operating characteristicSap2secreted aspartyl proteinase 2SEsilicone elastomerVVCvulvovaginal candidiasisYNByeast nitrogen baseYPDyeast peptone dextrose
Development of algorithms for automated detection of cervical pre-cancers with a low-cost, point-of-care, Pocket colposcope
Authors: Asiedu Mercy Nyamewaa , Simhal Anish , Chaudhary Usamah , Mueller Jenna L. , Lam Christopher T. , Schmitt John W. , Venegas Gino , Sapiro Guillermo 
Published: May 2018

AbstractGoalIn this work, we propose methods for (1) automatic feature extraction and classification for acetic acid and Lugol’s iodine cervigrams and (2) methods for combining features/diagnosis of different contrasts in cervigrams for improved performance.MethodsWe developed algorithms to pre-process pathology-labeled cervigrams and to extract simple but powerful color and textural-based features. The features were used to train a support vector machine model to classify cervigrams based on corresponding pathology for visual inspection with acetic acid, visual inspection with Lugol’s iodine, and a combination of the two contrasts.ResultsThe proposed framework achieved a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 81.3%, 78.6%, and 80.0%, respectively when used to distinguish cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN+) relative to normal and benign tissues. This is superior to the average values achieved by three expert physicians on the same data set for discriminating normal/benign cases from CIN+ (77% sensitivity, 51% specificity, 63% accuracy).ConclusionThe results suggest that utilizing simple color- and textural-based features from visual inspection with acetic acid and visual inspection with Lugol’s iodine images may provide unbiased automation of cervigrams.SignificanceThis would enable automated, expert-level diagnosis of cervical pre-cancer at the point-of-care.
Phenotype-specific enrichment of Mendelian disorder genes near GWAS regions across 62 complex traits
Authors: Freund Malika Kumar , Burch Kathryn , Shi Huwenbo , Mancuso Nicholas , Kichaev Gleb , Garske Kristina M. , Pan David Z. , Pajukanta Päivi , Pasaniuc Gleb , Arboleda Valerie A. 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTAlthough recent studies provide evidence for a common genetic basis between complex traits and Mendelian disorders, a thorough quantification of their overlap in a phenotype-specific manner remains elusive. Here, we quantify the overlap of genes identified through large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for 62 complex traits and diseases with genes known to cause 20 broad categories of Mendelian disorders. We identify a significant enrichment of phenotypically-matched Mendelian disorder genes in GWAS gene sets. Further, we observe elevated GWAS effect sizes near phenotypically-matched Mendelian disorder genes. Finally, we report examples of GWAS variants localized at the transcription start site or physically interacting with the promoters of phenotypically-matched Mendelian disorder genes. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that genes that are disrupted in Mendelian disorders are dysregulated by noncoding variants in complex traits, and demonstrate how leveraging findings from related Mendelian disorders and functional genomic datasets can prioritize genes that are putatively dysregulated by local and distal non-coding GWAS variants.