bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of pemetrexed and carboplatin with or without bevacizumab in lung adenocarcinoma patients with EGFR non‐T790M mutations after progression on first‐line EGFR‐tyrosine kinase inhibitors
Authors: Jiang Zhansheng , Zhang Yu , Yang Yinli , Yue Zhensong , Pan Zhanyu 
Published: July 2018

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to compare the effects of pemetrexed and carboplatin plus bevacizumab (PC + B) versus pemetrexed and carboplatin (PC) in lung adenocarcinoma patients with EGFR non‐T790M mutations after progression on first‐line EGFR‐tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs).MethodsPatients with EGFR‐positive lung adenocarcinoma who had received second‐line PC with or without bevacizumab harboring EGFR non‐T790M mutations after progression on first‐line EGFR‐TKIs between April 2015 and 2017 at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital were enrolled in the study. The primary endpoint was progression‐free survival and secondary endpoints were overall survival, objective response rate, disease control rate, and safety.ResultsA total of 85 patients were eligible for the study: 55 and 30 cases were enrolled in the PC and PC + B groups, respectively. The median progression‐free survival was prolonged with PC + B compared to PC (median 8.2 vs. 5.1 months; P = 0.037). The objective response rate was improved with PC + B compared to PC (46.7% vs. 25.5%; P = 0.047) and overall survival prolonged with PC + B compared to PC (median 26.3 vs. 19.2 months; P = 0.012). Safety was similar to previous studies of bevacizumab in non‐small cell lung cancer: one patient experienced grade 3 hypertension and proteinuria but did not require the discontinuation of therapy.ConclusionThe addition of bevacizumab to PC was superior to PC alone as second‐line therapy in patients with advanced non‐T90M EGFR‐positive lung adenocarcinoma. However, this result needs to be confirmed by prospective clinical trials.
Nrf2 stabilization prevents critical oxidative damage in Down syndrome cells
Authors: Zamponi Emiliano , Zamponi Nahuel , Coskun Pinar , Quassollo Gonzalo , Lorenzo Alfredo , Cannas Sergio A. , Pigino Gustavo , Chialvo Dante R. , Gardiner Katheleen , Busciglio Jorge , Helguera Pablo 
Published: July 2018

SummaryMounting evidence implicates chronic oxidative stress as a critical driver of the aging process. Down syndrome (DS) is characterized by a complex phenotype, including early senescence. DS cells display increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial structural and metabolic dysfunction, which are counterbalanced by sustained Nrf2‐mediated transcription of cellular antioxidant response elements (ARE). Here, we show that caspase 3/PKCδdependent activation of the Nrf2 pathway in DS and Dp16 (a mouse model of DS) cells is necessary to protect against chronic oxidative damage and to preserve cellular functionality. Mitochondria‐targeted catalase (mCAT) significantly reduced oxidative stress, restored mitochondrial structure and function, normalized replicative and wound healing capacity, and rendered the Nrf2‐mediated antioxidant response dispensable. These results highlight the critical role of Nrf2/ARE in the maintenance of DS cell homeostasis and validate mitochondrial‐specific interventions as a key aspect of antioxidant and antiaging therapies.
Discovery of the subfamily Lycorininae Cushman & Rohwer, 1920 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) from Indonesia, based on Lycorina longicauda Shimizu, sp. nov., with a key to the Oriental Lycorina species
Authors: Shimizu So , Ogawa Ryo 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe subfamily Lycorininae Cushman & Rohwer is discovered from Indonesia based on a single new species, Lycorina longicauda Shimizu, sp. nov., which can be easily distinguished from any other Lycorina species by its longer ovipositor sheath and colour pattern. We also provide a key to the five species of Lycorina known from the Oriental region.
Host plants and habitats of Helicoverpa punctigera and H. armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in inland Australia
Authors: Gregg Peter C , Del Socorro Alice P , Le Mottee Kristian , Tann Colin R , Fitt Gary P , Zalucki Myron P 
Published: July 2018

AbstractFor Helicoverpa punctigera (Wallengren), and to a lesser extent Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner), native host plants in non‐cropping regions of inland Australia are believed to be contributors to populations which migrate in spring to infest cropping regions of south‐east Australia, and southwestern Australia. Non‐crop hosts were sampled using sweep nets in 71 survey trips in 19 years between 1987 and 2017 for larvae of H. punctigera and H. armigera, over about 2.4 million km2 in inland Australia. Of 1976 samples, H. punctigera larvae were present in 50.5%, distributed throughout the study area. Larvae were found on 106 host plant species in 24 families, including 61 new host records. H. armigera larvae were found on 33 plant species from eight families, including 14 new host records. However, only 4.3% of samples were positive for this species, and they were mostly in the east of the study area and had fewer larvae than the positive H. punctigera samples. H. punctigera larvae were found in each of six habitats, being, in order of mean numbers per sample: sandy deserts > floodplains > mulga, grasslands and saltbush > stony downs. Host status was determined for both species by plotting relative incidence against relative abundance, and the good hosts for H. punctigera differed between habitats. We discuss the value and limitations of this approach for identifying key hosts in broad scale population dynamics, and primary hosts which may have close co‐evolutionary histories with the insects.
Population‐based longitudinal study showed that children born small for gestational age faced a higher risk of hospitalisation during early childhood
Authors: Yoshimoto Junko , Yorifuji Takashi , Washio Yosuke , Okamura Tomoka , Watanabe Hirokazu , Doi Hiroyuki , Tsukahara Hirokazu 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAimWe examined the effects of being born small for gestational age (SGA) on the risk of being hospitalised for common diseases during childhood.MethodsThis Japanese nationwide, population‐based longitudinal survey followed babies born before 42 weeks of gestation from 10 to 17 January and from 10 to 17 July 2001, using data from the Government's Longitudinal Survey of Babies in the 21st Century. Our study followed 41 268 children until 5.5 years of age: 39 107 full term (8.7% SGA) and 2161 preterm (15.5% SGA). We evaluated the relationship between SGA status and hospitalisation using their history of hospitalisation for common diseases and comparing full‐term or preterm births. Logistic regression analysis, adjusted for potential confounders, estimated the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsThe full‐term and preterm children who were born SGA were more likely to be hospitalised during infancy and early childhood than those born non SGA. The ORs for hospitalisation from six months to 18 months of age were 1.23 (95% CI: 1.10–1.37) for full‐term and 1.67 (95% CI: 1.23–2.25) for preterm subjects. Higher risks of hospitalisation due to bronchitis, pneumonia, bronchial asthma and diarrhoea were also observed.ConclusionBeing born SGA was associated with all‐cause and cause‐specific hospitalisation in early childhood, particularly for term infants.
Ambra1 modulates the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to epirubicin by regulating autophagy via ATG12
Authors: Sun Wei‐Liang , Wang Li , Luo Jie , Zhu Hua‐Wei , Cai Zheng‐Wen 
Published: July 2018

The sensitivity of breast cancer cells to epirubicin (EPI) is closely related to the efficacy of the drug and the prognosis of patients. A growing body of research has suggested that autophagy is involved in the treatment of a variety of cancers, including breast cancer, and modifies the sensitivity of anticancer drugs. However, the mechanism by which autophagy participates in cancer therapy and modulates drug sensitivity has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we showed that the expression of Autophagy/Beclin 1 regulator 1 (Ambra1), a key protein of autophagy, was negatively correlated with EPI sensitivity in breast cancer cells. In addition, it altered the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to EPI by regulating EPI‐induced autophagy. As a potential mechanism, we demonstrated that autophagy‐related protein 12 (ATG12) was a downstream protein that Ambra1‐regulated EPI‐induced autophagy. Therefore, Ambra1 plays an important role in regulating the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to EPI. And the regulatory effect of Ambra1 on EPI sensitivity is achieved through the regulation of autophagy by targeting ATG12. Overall, we propose a novel mechanism by which autophagy modulates the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to EPI. ATG12 is a novel targeting protein of Ambra1 in regulating EPI‐induced autophagy. In addition, the important role of Ambra1 in modulating the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to EPI is confirmed in vivo. This finding indicates that Ambra1 might be a target for developing breast cancer treatments.
Stratified Sampling of Projected Spherical Caps
Authors: Ureña Carlos , Georgiev Iliyan 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe present a method for uniformly sampling points inside the projection of a spherical cap onto a plane through the sphere's center. To achieve this, we devise two novel area‐preserving mappings from the unit square to this projection, which is often an ellipse but generally has a more complex shape. Our maps allow for low‐variance rendering of direct illumination from finite and infinite (e.g. sun‐like) spherical light sources by sampling their projected solid angle in a stratified manner. We discuss the practical implementation of our maps and show significant quality improvement over traditional uniform spherical cap sampling in a production renderer.
Handling Fluorescence in a Uni‐directional Spectral Path Tracer
Authors: Mojzík M. , Fichet A. , Wilkie A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe present two separate improvements to the handling of fluorescence effects in modern uni‐directional spectral rendering systems. The first is the formulation of a new distance tracking scheme for fluorescent volume materials which exhibit a pronounced wavelength asymmetry. Such volumetric materials are an important and not uncommon corner case of wavelength‐shifting media behaviour, and have not been addressed so far in rendering literature. The second one is that we introduce an extension of Hero wavelength sampling which can handle fluorescence events, both on surfaces, and in volumes. Both improvements are useful by themselves, and can be used separately: when used together, they enable the robust inclusion of arbitrary fluorescence effects in modern uni‐directional spectral MIS path tracers. Our extension of Hero wavelength sampling is generally useful, while our proposed technique for distance tracking in strongly asymmetric media is admittedly not very efficient. However, it makes the most of a rather difficult situation, and at least allows the inclusion of such media in uni‐directional path tracers, albeit at comparatively high cost. Which is still an improvement since up to now, their inclusion was not really possible at all, due to the inability of conventional tracking schemes to generate sampling points in such volume materials.
Exploiting Repetitions for Image‐Based Rendering of Facades
Authors: Rodriguez Simon , Bousseau Adrien , Durand Fredo , Drettakis George 
Published: July 2018

AbstractStreet‐level imagery is now abundant but does not have sufficient capture density to be usable for Image‐Based Rendering (IBR) of facades. We present a method that exploits repetitive elements in facades ‐ such as windows ‐ to perform data augmentation, in turn improving camera calibration, reconstructed geometry and overall rendering quality for IBR. The main intuition behind our approach is that a few views of several instances of an element provide similar information to many views of a single instance of that element. We first select similar instances of an element from 3–4 views of a facade and transform them into a common coordinate system, creating a “platonic” element. We use this common space to refine the camera calibration of each view of each instance and to reconstruct a 3D mesh of the element with multi‐view stereo, that we regularize to obtain a piecewise‐planar mesh aligned with dominant image contours. Observing the same element under multiple views also allows us to identify reflective areas ‐ such as glass panels ‐ which we use at rendering time to generate plausible reflections using an environment map. Our detailed 3D mesh, augmented set of views, and reflection mask enable image‐based rendering of much higher quality than results obtained using the input images directly.
On‐the‐Fly Power‐Aware Rendering
Authors: Zhang Yunjin , Ortin Marta , Arellano Victor , Wang Rui , Gutierrez Diego , Bao Hujun 
Published: July 2018

AbstractPower saving is a prevailing concern in desktop computers and, especially, in battery‐powered devices such as mobile phones. This is generating a growing demand for power‐aware graphics applications that can extend battery life, while preserving good quality. In this paper, we address this issue by presenting a real‐time power‐efficient rendering framework, able to dynamically select the rendering configuration with the best quality within a given power budget. Different from the current state of the art, our method does not require precomputation of the whole camera‐view space, nor Pareto curves to explore the vast power‐error space; as such, it can also handle dynamic scenes. Our algorithm is based on two key components: our novel power prediction model, and our runtime quality error estimation mechanism. These components allow us to search for the optimal rendering configuration at runtime, being transparent to the user. We demonstrate the performance of our framework on two different platforms: a desktop computer, and a mobile device. In both cases, we produce results close to the maximum quality, while achieving significant power savings.
The circadian gene Nr1d1 in the mouse nucleus accumbens modulates sociability and anxiety‐related behaviour
Authors: Zhao Changjiu , Gammie Stephen C. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractNuclear receptor subfamily 1, group D, member 1 (Nr1d1) (also known as Rev‐erb alpha) has been linked to circadian rhythm regulation, mood‐related behaviour and disorders associated with social deficits. Recent work from our laboratory found striking decreases in Nr1d1 in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) in the maternal condition and indirect evidence that Nr1d1 was interacting with numerous addiction and reward‐related genes to modulate social reward. In this study, we applied our insights from the maternal state to nonparental adult mice to determine whether decreases in Nr1d1 expression in the NAc via adeno‐associated viral (AAV) vectors and short hairpin RNA (shRNA)‐mediated gene knockdown were sufficient to modulate social behaviours and mood‐related behaviours. Knockdown of Nr1d1 in the NAc enhanced sociability and reduced anxiety, but did not affect depressive‐like traits in female mice. In male mice, Nr1d1 knockdown had no significant behavioural effects. Microarray analysis of Nr1d1 knockdown in females identified changes in circadian rhythm and histone deacetylase genes and suggested possible drugs, including histone deacetylase inhibitors, that could mimic actions of Nr1d1 knockdown. Quantitative real‐time PCR (qPCR) analysis confirmed expression upregulation of gene period circadian clock 1 (Per1) and period circadian clock 2 (Per2) with Nr1d1 knockdown. The evidence for roles for opioid‐related genes opioid receptor, delta 1 (Oprd1) and preproenkephalin (Penk) was also found. Together, these results suggest that Nr1d1 in the NAc modulates sociability and anxiety‐related behaviour in a sex‐specific manner, and circadian, histone deacetylase and opioid‐related genes may be involved in the expression of these behavioural phenotypes.
Home‐based exergaming among children with overweight and obesity: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Staiano A. E. , Beyl R. A. , Guan W. , Hendrick C. A. , Hsia D. S. , Newton R. L. 
Published: July 2018

SummaryBackgroundGiven children's low levels of physical activity and high prevalence of obesity, there is an urgent need to identify innovative physical activity options.ObjectiveThis study aims to test the effectiveness of exergaming (video gaming that involves physical activity) to reduce children's adiposity and improve cardiometabolic health.MethodsThis randomized controlled trial assigned 46 children with overweight/obesity to a 24‐week exergaming or control condition. Intervention participants were provided a gaming console with exergames, a gameplay curriculum (1 h per session, three times a week) and video chat sessions with a fitness coach (telehealth coaching). Control participants were provided the exergames following final clinic visit. The primary outcome was body mass index (BMI) z‐score. Secondary outcomes were fat mass by dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry and cardiometabolic health metrics.ResultsHalf of the participants were girls, and 57% were African–American. Intervention adherence was 94.4%, and children's ratings of acceptability and enjoyment were high. The intervention group significantly reduced BMI z‐score excluding one control outlier (intervention [standard error] vs. control [standard error]: −0.06 [0.03] vs. 0.03 [0.03], p = 0.016) with a marginal difference in intent‐to‐treat analysis (−0.06 [0.03] vs. 0.02 [0.03], p = 0.065). Compared with control, the intervention group improved systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol and moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (all p values <0.05).ConclusionsExergaming at home elicited high adherence and improved children's BMI z‐score, cardiometabolic health and physical activity levels. Exergaming with social support may be promoted as an exercise option for children.
Cuestionario del Trabajo Decente: Elaboración y validación en dos muestras de trabajadores intelectuales
Authors: FERRARO Tânia , PAIS Leonor , REBELO DOS SANTOS Nuno , MOREIRA João Manuel 
Published: July 2018

ResumenSe propone un Cuestionario del Trabajo Decente como herramienta de medición basada en las percepciones de los trabajadores, cubriendo así un vacío de investigación: el análisis a escala individual. Los autores parten de los elementos fundamentales del Programa de Trabajo Decente de la OIT. La versión definitiva del cuestionario comprende 31 enunciados vinculados, mediante análisis factorial, a siete factores. Las pruebas de fiabilidad, validez convergente y validez discriminante arrojan buenos valores, por lo que el cuestionario podría abrir nuevas vías de investigación empírica sobre la base del concepto de trabajo decente.
Calorimetric study of the thermodynamic properties of Mn5O8
Authors: Zhang Pinghui , Liu Jue , Page Katharine , Navrotsky Alexandra 
Published: July 2018

AbstractManganese oxides occur widely in nature and have technical applications in various areas. This study quantitatively evaluates the thermodynamic properties of Mn5O8, a binary manganese oxide that has a layered structure and contains coexisting divalent and tetravalent manganese. Three samples of the Mn5O8 phase with slightly different manganese average oxidation states (Mn AOS) were synthesized using a wet chemical method and annealing. Synchrotron X‐ray analysis revealed that the samples contain a small amount of a secondary MnO2 phase that cannot be identified using laboratory X‐ray diffraction. High‐temperature oxide melt solution calorimetry in molten sodium molybdate at 700°C showed that all three samples are slightly higher in enthalpy than an isochemical mixture of bixbyite (Mn2O3) and pyrolusite (MnO2), probably rendering them metastable in free energy with respect to isochemical mixtures of bixbyite and pyrolusite. However, the energetic metastability (endothermic enthalpy) of Mn5O8 is very small (<6 kJ/mol) and does not depend significantly on the Mn AOS. Thus, although Mn5O8 probably does not appear on the equilibrium Mn‐O phase diagram, its small metastability allows its synthesis by a variety of low temperature reactions.
Molecular Features and mRNA Expression of the Receptor for Activated C Kinase 1 from Symbiodinium microadriaticum ssp. microadriaticum During Growth and the Light/Dark cycle
Authors: Islas‐Flores Tania , Pérez‐Cervantes Esmeralda , Nava‐Galeana Jessica , Loredo‐Guillén Montserrat , Guillén Gabriel , Villanueva Marco A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractTwo genes of the RACK1 homolog from the photosynthetic dinoflagellate Symbiodinium microadriaticum ssp. microadriaticum (SmicRACK1), termed SmicRACK1A and SmicRACK1B, were found tandemly arrayed and displayed a single synonymous substitution (T/C) encoding threonine. They included two exons of 942 bp each, encoding 313 amino acids with seven WD‐40 repeats and two PKC‐binding motifs. The protein theoretical mass and pI were 34,200 Da and 5.9, respectively. SmicRACK1 showed maximum identities with RACK1 homologs at the amino acid and nucleotide level, respectively, of 92 and 84% with S. minutum, and phylogenetic analysis revealed clustered related RACK1 sequences from the marine dinoflagellates S. minutum, Heterocapsa triquetra, Karenia brevis, and Alexandrium tamarense. Interestingly, light‐dependent regulatory elements were found both within the 282 bp SmicRACK1A promotor sequence, and within an intergenic sequence of 359 nucleotides that separated both genes, which strongly suggest light‐related functions. This was further supported by mRNA accumulation analysis, which fluctuated along the light and dark phases of the growth cycle showing maximum specific peaks under either condition. Finally, qRT‐PCR analysis revealed differential SmicRACK1 mRNA accumulation with maxima at 6 and 20 d of culture. Our SmicRACK1 characterization suggests roles in active growth and proliferation, as well as light/dark cycle regulation in S. microadriaticum.
Characterization of membrane processed honey and the effect of ultrafiltration with diafiltration on subsequent spray drying
Authors: Samborska Katarzyna , Suszek Justyna , Hać‐Szymańczuk Elżbieta , Matwijczuk Arkadiusz , Gładyszewska Bożena , Chocyk Dariusz , Gładyszewski Grzegorz , Gondek Ewa 
Published: July 2018

AbstractCanola flower honey solution and glucose/fructose solution were subjected to ultrafiltration (UF) coupled with diafiltration (DF) with the use of 15 kDa ceramic membrane in order to partially remove sugars (with the rejection of proteins at the same time), and enhance a subsequent spray drying process. Membrane processing affected honey solution chemical composition, what was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ‐ATR spectroscopy analysis. 50% of sugars was removed from honey solution, while 74% of nitrogen‐based compounds was rejected by membrane. Honey pretreatment by UF/DF enhanced the yield of subsequent spray drying process with the application of gum arabic as a drying carrier. Obtained powders, containing 60% of honey solids were fully amorphous (verified by morphology observation and X‐ray diffraction), with physical properties typical for sugar‐rich material dehydrated by spray drying. It was possible to reduce carrier content in honey powder to 40% solids, with a maintenance of drying yield above 50% at the same time. However, the flowability was not enhanced because of UF/DF pretreatment (but it was also not deteriorated).Practical applicationsThe article presents the possibility to improve the process of honey spray drying by the application of membrane pretreatment. It was concluded that ultrafiltration with diafiltration, can be used for selective removal of sugars from honey, with simultaneous rejection of proteins important for antimicrobial properties. The obtained results can be used by food manufactures, because the difficult process of honey spray drying can be boosted by the proposed pretreatment method. The yield of membrane‐treated honey increases, and at the same time honey content in the material can be increased above typical value 50%.