bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UTILIZATION OF CORK COCOPEAT AS A COMPOSITE SILENCER
Authors: Djiwo Soeparno , Sugiarto Totok , Setyawan Eko Yohanes 
Published: July 2018

Noise is unwanted sound of activity in a particular time and levels that can cause health problems and environmental comfort. Sound or sound is heard as the stimulation on the auditory nerve cells in the ear by a wave of longitudional caused the vibration of the sound or sound source and the waves propagate through the medium of air or any other conductor. Threshold noise received by normal human beings that is 85 dB, when the normal threshold above can lead to damage to the auditory system when not using protective tools in conducting activities. The noise can be avoided by way of designing construction work. In addition noise can be minimised with soundproofing materials. During this suppressor used i.e. from rubber, plastic and metal, but the materials used nowadays are not yet are biodegradable. Therefore, to minimize noise with materials that are biodegradable with composite materials. One effort in selecting materials that are biodegradable with coconut plant utilization have been known by the wider community wastes a lot of cocopeat i.e. we encounter in a craftsmen coir because its existence is underutilized by craftsmen. Natural fibers are biodegradable they have opportunities to be developed further into a composite reinforcement materials that have high performance as an alternative replacement of artificial fiber materials based compounds, hydrocarbons or metal.Methods used i.e. experimental methods, with chemical treatment of cocopeat aims to separate dirt and the lignin contained in the cocopeat so cocopeat can bind matrix that would have a high performance in the muffle the sound so that it can reduce noise. After treatment with alkali, creating a noise test specimens in accordance with the design of the mold. Then the noise testing was performed using a sound pressure level to know the ability of mute and SEM photographs to find causal in a composite able to absorb sound.The results showed, the percentage composition of the powder of coconut fibres (cocopeat) have an influence in absorbing sound. In this study the composition of the powder of coconut fibres (cocopeat) 60% has a high sound absorbency. Desible votes after going through the composite powder coconut fibres 60% has a value of 102.73 db at a distance of 50 cm, 100 db at a distance of 91.57 cm and 80.23 db at a distance of 150 cm. And sound absorbency coefficient on the composition of the powder of coconut fibres 60% has a value of 0.144 on a distance of 50 cm, 100 cm at a distance of 0.237 and 0.331 approximately 150 cm. Whereas in terms of surface morphology of SEM photo of that on the composition of the powder 60% coconut fibers have more porosity percentage which has absorption ability voice more effectively so that the sound after passing the composition of composite lower. Keywords: noise, Biodegradable Composite, cocopeat, SEM.
Risk of de novo aneurysm formation in patients with a prior diagnosis of ruptured or unruptured aneurysm: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Giordan Enrico , Lanzino Giuseppe , Rangel-Castilla Leonardo , Murad Mohammad Hassan , Brinjikji Waleed 
Published: July 2018

OBJECTIVEDe novo aneurysms are rare entities periodically discovered during follow-up imaging. Little is known regarding the frequency with which these lesions form or the time course. This systematic review and meta-analysis was undertaken to estimate the incidence of de novo aneurysms and to determine risk factors for aneurysm formation.METHODSThe authors searched multiple databases for studies of patients with unruptured and ruptured aneurysms describing the rate of de novo aneurysm formation. The primary outcome was incidence of de novo aneurysm formation. A meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model. The authors examined the associations of multiple aneurysms, prior subarachnoid hemorrhage, smoking, sex, age at presentation, and hypertension with de novo aneurysm formation.RESULTSThe meta-analysis included 14,968 aneurysm patients who received imaging follow-up from 35 studies. The overall incidence of de novo aneurysm formation was 2% (95% CI 2%–3%) over a mean follow-up time of 8.3 years. The estimated incidence density was 0.3%/patient-year. There was no statistically significant difference in rates of de novo aneurysm formation between patients who had ruptured aneurysms and those with unruptured aneurysms. In 8 studies, 11.2% of de novo aneurysms were found in patients with ≤ 5 years of follow-up and 88.8% were found at > 5 years. The mean time to rupture for de novo aneurysms was 10 years.CONCLUSIONSThis systematic review demonstrates that formation of de novo aneurysms is rare. Overall, routine screening for de novo aneurysms is likely to be of low yield and could be performed at time intervals of at least 5 to 10 years.
Laser ablation for mesial temporal epilepsy: a multi-site, single institutional series
Authors: Grewal Sanjeet S. , Zimmerman Richard S. , Worrell Gregory , Brinkmann Benjamin H. , Tatum William O. , Crepeau Amy Z. , Woodrum David A. , Gorny Krzysztof R. , Felmlee Joel P. , Watson Robert E. , Hoxworth Joseph M. , Gupta Vivek , Vibhute Prasanna , Trenerry Max R. , Kaufmann Timothy J. , Marsh W. Richard , Wharen Robert E. , Van Gompel Jamie J. 
Published: July 2018

OBJECTIVEAlthough it is still early in its application, laser interstitial thermal therapy (LiTT) has increasingly been employed as a surgical option for patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. This study aimed to describe mesial temporal lobe ablation volumes and seizure outcomes following LiTT across the Mayo Clinic’s 3 epilepsy surgery centers.METHODSThis was a multi-site, single-institution, retrospective review of seizure outcomes and ablation volumes following LiTT for medically intractable mesial temporal lobe epilepsy between October 2011 and October 2015. Pre-ablation and post-ablation follow-up volumes of the hippocampus were measured using FreeSurfer, and the volume of ablated tissue was also measured on intraoperative MRI using a supervised spline-based edge detection algorithm. To determine seizure outcomes, results were compared between those patients who were seizure free and those who continued to experience seizures.RESULTSThere were 23 patients who underwent mesial temporal LiTT within the study period. Fifteen patients (65%) had left-sided procedures. The median follow-up was 34 months (range 12–70 months). The mean ablation volume was 6888 mm3. Median hippocampal ablation was 65%, with a median amygdala ablation of 43%. At last follow-up, 11 (48%) of these patients were seizure free. There was no correlation between ablation volume and seizure freedom (p = 0.69). There was also no correlation between percent ablation of the amygdala (p = 0.28) or hippocampus (p = 0.82) and seizure outcomes. Twelve patients underwent formal testing with computational visual fields. Visual field changes were seen in 67% of patients who underwent testing. Comparing the 5 patients with clinically noticeable visual field deficits to the rest of the cohort showed no significant difference in ablation volume between those patients with visual field deficits and those without (p = 0.94). There were 11 patients with follow-up neuropsychological testing. Within this group, verbal learning retention was 76% in the patients with left-sided procedures and 89% in those with right-sided procedures.CONCLUSIONSIn this study, there was no significant correlation between the ablation volume after LiTT and seizure outcomes. Visual field deficits were common in formally tested patients, much as in patients treated with open temporal lobectomy. Further studies are required to determine the role of amygdalohippocampal ablation.
Long-term and delayed functional recovery in patients with severe cerebrovascular and traumatic brain injury requiring tracheostomy
Authors: Wabl Rafael , Williamson Craig A. , Pandey Aditya S. , Rajajee Venkatakrishna 
Published: July 2018

OBJECTIVEData on long-term functional recovery (LFR) following severe brain injury are essential for counseling of surrogates and for appropriate timing of outcome assessment in clinical trials. Delayed functional recovery (DFR) beyond 3–6 months is well documented following severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI), but there are limited data on DFR following severe cerebrovascular brain injury. The objective of this study was to assess LFR and DFR in patients with sTBI and severe stroke dependent on tracheostomy and tube feeding at the time of discharge from the intensive care unit (ICU).METHODSThe authors identified patients entered into their tracheostomy database 2008–2013 with sTBI and severe stroke, encompassing SAH, intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Eligibility criteria included disease-specific indicators of severity, Glasgow Coma Scale score < 9 at time of tracheostomy, and need for tracheostomy and tube feeding at ICU discharge. Assessment was at 1–3 months, 6–12 months, 12–24 months, and 24–36 months after initial injury for presence of tracheostomy, ability to walk, and ability to perform basic activities of daily living (B-ADLs). Long-term functional recovery (LFR) was defined as recovery of the ability to walk or perform B-ADLs by the 24- to 36-month follow-up. Delayed functional recovery (DFR) was defined as progression in functional milestones between any 2 time points beyond the 1- to 3-month follow-up.RESULTSA total of 129 patients met the eligibility criteria. Functional outcomes were available for 129 (100%), 97 (75%), 83 (64%), and 80 (62%) patients, respectively, from assessments at 1–3, 6–12, 12–24 and 24–36 months; 33 (26%) died by 24–36 months. Fifty-nine (46%) regained the ability to walk and 48 (37%) performed B-ADLs at some point during their recovery. Among survivors who had not achieved the respective milestone at 1–3 months, 29/58 (50%) were able to walk and 28/74 (38%) performed B-ADLs at 6–12 months. Among survivors who had not achieved the respective milestone at 6–12 months, 5/16 (31%) were able to walk and 13/30 (43%) performed B-ADLs at 12–24 months. There was no significant difference in rates of LFR or DFR between patients with sTBI and those with severe stroke.CONCLUSIONSAmong patients with severe brain injury requiring tracheostomy and tube feeding at ICU discharge, 46% regained the ability to walk and 37% performed B-ADLs 2–3 years after injury. DFR beyond 1–3 and 6–12 months was seen in over 30% of survivors, with no significant difference between sTBI and severe stroke.
Novel suprasellar location of desmoplastic infantile astrocytoma and ganglioglioma: a single institution’s experience
Authors: Naylor Ryan M. , Wohl Anton , Raghunathan Aditya , Eckel Laurence J. , Keating Gesina F. , Daniels David J. 
Published: July 2018

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to describe the clinical presentation, imaging appearance, and differential outcomes based on tumor location in 7 patients with desmoplastic infantile astrocytoma and desmoplastic infantile gangliogliomas (DIA/DIG).METHODSData of 7 patients with histopathology-proven DIA/DIGs and preoperative imaging were retrospectively reviewed, and age, sex, clinical presentation, imaging characteristics, tumor location, surgical procedure, postoperative morbidity, and overall mortality were recorded.RESULTSTwo subgroups of patients with DIA/DIGs were found to exist based on whether their tumor was located in the cerebral hemispheres or suprasellar region. Nearly all patients presented with rapidly enlarging head circumference regardless of tumor location. However, ocular abnormalities, including nystagmus and preference for downward gaze, were specific for patients with suprasellar disease. These patients experienced significant postoperative complications and had poor long-term outcomes. In contrast, patients with hemispheric tumors underwent more extensive resection than patients with suprasellar tumors, had uneventful postoperative courses, and had no documented long-term comorbidities.CONCLUSIONSPostoperative course and long-term outcome for patients with DIA/DIGs were correlated to the anatomical location and radiographic appearance of their tumor at presentation, despite having histologically and molecularly indistinguishable, WHO grade I tumors.
«Трансцендентные этюды» Ф. Листа и С. М. Ляпунова в русле философских и жанрово-стилевых исканий романтизма
Authors: Gultsova Diana 
Published: July 2018

Цель статьи. Статья посвящена анализу жанрово-стилевой специфики «Трансцендентных этюдов» Ф. Листа и С. М. Ляпунова, рассматриваемых в русле философско-эстетических исканий эпохи романтизма. Научная новизна. Трансцендентность названных сочинений очевидна не только в их предельно возросшем техническо-исполнительском мастерстве, но и в максимальном расширении типологии этюда, охватывающей как инструктивную риторическую сторону данного жанра, так и образно-смысловые «коды» романтического искусства в целом. Выводы. Обозначенные качества фортепианного творчества С. М. Ляпунова наиболее полно сконцентрированы в его «12-ти этюдах», которые были задуманы как своеобразное продолжение аналогичного листовского цикла.Ключевые слова: этюд, романтизм, «трансцендентный этюд», трансцендентное в культуре романтизма, виртуоз, виртуозность.
Музыкальный ремикс как фактор формирования философии «рингтонной» культуры.
Authors: Тaganov Оleg 
Published: July 2018

Цель статьи - рассмотреть основные различия между ремиксом (использующим преимущественно классический музыкальный тематизм) и другими музыкальными жанрами похожей направленности, проанализировать его роль и место в формировании и функционировании современной «рингтонной» культуры. Методология: данное исследование опирается на культурологический, аксиологический, историографический и жанровый подходы. Научная новизна. Проблема современного развития музыкальных жанров в сфере легкой и популярной музыки поднимается в этой статье в конкретизированном рассмотрении жанра ремикса (главным образом классических тем и произведений). Выводы. Снижение аксиологических критериев при создании произведений в этом жанре по сравнению с подобными жанрами в прошлом обусловливает резкое падение музыкального вкуса и делает невозможной передачу и усвоение высоких художественных образцов музыки предшествующих эпох. С проблемой ускорения современной жизни и нехваткой времени для эстетичного и духовного саморазвития возникает возможность использования жанров типа ремикса как суррогата творческого поиска. Они формируют новые подходы и философию современного псевдо-культурной человека в рамках «рингтонной» культуры.Ключевые слова: «рингтонная» культура, ремикс, транскрипция, аранжировка
Лейтмотивитизм цикла «Интермеццо» ор. 4 Роберта Шумана
Authors: Do Lu 
Published: July 2018

Цель статьи – проанализировать жанр Интермеццо для фортепиано в творчестве Р. Шумана с точки зрения лейтмотивной системы. Методология: в статье применены текстологический, аналитический, и компаративный подходы. Научная новизна: в статье рассмотрены черты лейтмотивизма в фортепианных Интермеццо ор. 4 Р. Шумана, показана роль лейтмотивной системы в Интермеццо Р. Шумана, выявляются различные сложнейшие взаимосвязи между Интермеццо и доказывается их единство, цикличность, сюитность. Выводы: рассмотрев пьесы сюитного цикла Интермеццо Роберта Шумана, приходим к выводу, что все пьесы данного сюитного цикла находятся в определенном вариантно-вариационном соотношении и взаимосвязаны между собой лейтинтонациями, лейтмотивами, лейтгармонией, лейтритмом, лейттемами, лейтобразами. Таким образом, изучение фортепианного цикла «Интермеццо» Роберта Шумана становится актуальной проблемой музыкознания и исполнительства.Ключевые слова: Роберт Шуман, Интермеццо, лейтмотивная система, жанр, вариантно-вариационное соотношение, лейтинтонация, лейтмотив, лейтгармония, лейтритм, лейттема, лейтобраз.
МЕТОДИЧНІ НОВАЦІЇ Я. ПУХАЛЬСЬКОГО У БАНДУРНОМУ ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДИЧНОМУ ДОРОБКУ СУЧАСНОСТІ
Authors: Broiako Nadiia 
Published: July 2018

Метою роботи є висвітлення методичного доробку у галузі бандурного виконавства талановитого гітариста, педагога по класу гітари, домри та бандури, методиста, майстра-реставратора, дослідника Яна Генріховича Пухальського, де вперше описані деталі роботи над комплексом ігрових бандурних рухів, підкреслено вплив акцентуації у вправах на розвиток слухового сприйняття, аргументовано необхідність опори на струну. Методологія дослідження полягає у використанні таких методів, як аналіз та узагальнення, а також компаративного методу, які дозволяють детально дослідити процес формування методичних новацій у теоретичному доробку Я. Пухальського.. Наукова новизна. Вперше у бандурній методології зафіксовано та теоретично обґрунтовано поняття «цілеспрямовані рухи пальцями», описано складний базовий ігровий комплекс рухів, приділено увагу постановці та технічній віртуозності правої руки, питанням звуковидобування та технології опанування приготувальних та робочих ігрових рухів. Детальні та ретельно продумані рекомендації великого майстра надзвичайно цікаві та можуть принести вагому користь молодим музикантам. Висновки. У роботі Я. Пухальського викладено цілісну систему поглядів на формування рухово-звукової сфери майстерності бандуриста, що ґрунтується на багаторічній плідній діяльності автора. Оригінальність мислення, новизна ряду положень, уміння тонко аналізувати і спостерігати, а потім точно і лаконічно викладати, теоретично обґрунтовувати свої думки виокремлюють «Методику навчання грі на бандурі» як новаторську у бандурному теоретико-методичному доробку сучасності.Ключові слова: бандура, методологія, гармонія, виконавська техніка.
Digitally deconstructing ‘straw man’ and ‘wicker man’ arguments: A software-aided pedagogy
Authors: O’Halloran Kieran 
Published: July 2018

This article models a software-based pedagogy, targetted at undergraduates, for assisting with detection and deconstruction of straw man arguments. The pedagogy is useful particularly where the student is unfamiliar with the standpoint attacked in the argument, where the text describing the standpoint is large and where the argument is lengthy too. I use a digital text analysis tool – Sketch Engine – to help reveal and deconstruct a straw man argument which misrepresents one specific aspect of a book. I then go on to use this tool in combination with another digital text analysis tool – WMatrix – to demonstrate too how the book’s wider standpoints conflict with the argument’s framing. I thus also show the argument to be a much bigger straw man, what I refer to as a wicker man. Advantages of using the digital tools are that (i) they efficiently set the student up to judge whether or not central topics in a large text being attacked are relevant absences from the argument attacking that text; (ii) the potential for arbitrariness in judging whether or not the argument is a straw man or a wicker man is significantly reduced, making in principle for scrupulous evaluation.
Radiation Therapy as Definitive Local Treatment in Patients with Limited-Stage Small Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder: Does total dose matter?
Authors: Germino Elizabeth , Fischer-Valuck Benjamin W. , Rudra Soumon , Rao Yuan James , Contreras Jessika , Abraham Christopher , Michalski Jeff , Gay Hiram 
Published: July 2018

Purpose: To determine whether total radiation dose affects survival outcomes for patients with small cell carcinoma of the bladder (SCCB). Methods: We queried the National Cancer Database (NCDB) for patients with limited stage SCCB undergoing multimodality treatment and retrospectively analyzed survival outcomes according to total radiation dose received. Results: Patients aged 41–79 receiving a total radiation dose of 54 Gy or greater had a significant improvement in overall survival compared to those receiving less than 54 Gy, with a median overall survival of 58.9 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 37.2–80.6 months) compared to 21.5 months (95% CI 15.2 –27.8 months) ( p < 0.05). There was no difference in outcomes for patients receiving between 54 and 60 Gy compared to those receiving 60 Gy or higher. There was also no difference in outcomes based on total radiation dose for patients 80 years and older. Conclusions: For patients aged 79 or younger with limited stage SCCB, total radiation dose of 54 Gy or greater is associated with better overall survival.
Age-Dependent Changes in the Sarkosyl-Insoluble Proteome of APPSWE/PS1ΔE9 Transgenic Mice Implicate Dysfunctional Mitochondria in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Thygesen Camilla , Metaxas Athanasios , Larsen Martin R. , Finsen Bente 
Published: July 2018

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia, is characterized by the intra- and extracellular aggregation and accumulation of proteins. The major molecular hallmark is the aggregation of amyloid- β (A β) and hyperphosphorylated tau proteins into plaques and tangles, respectively. Evidence points to the pre-fibrillary states of protein aggregates harboring the greatest neurotoxicity. Objective: This study was designed to identify and quantify pre-fibrillary protein species enriched by their insolubility in the detergent sarkosyl in the APPSWE/PS1ΔE9 (APP/PS1) transgenic mouse model of AD. Sarkosyl insoluble fractions were isolated from the brains of APP/PS1 and littermate wild type (Wt) mice to identify pre-fibrillary protein species associated with AD. Methods: Pre-fibrillary protein species were isolated from the brains of 3- and 24-month-old APP/PS1 and littermate Wt mice using sarkosyl extraction and subjected to quantitative proteomics analysis by the use of isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ). Results: The sarkosyl-insoluble pre-fibrillary proteome showed differential age- and genotype-induced effects. In addition to A β and tau, old APP/PS1 mice showed significant enrichment in proteins in the sarkosyl fraction involved in oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial function. Conclusion: The results of this study implicate dysfunctional mitochondria as playing a key role of A β- and potentially tau-induced pathological events in the APP/PS1 transgenic mouse model of AD.
Sleep and EEG Power Spectral Analysis in Three Transgenic Mouse Models of Alzheimer’s Disease: APP/PS1, 3xTgAD, and Tg2576
Authors: Kent Brianne A. , Strittmatter Stephen M. , Nygaard Haakon B. 
Published: July 2018

Background: Sleep disturbances have long been associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and there is a growing interest in how these disturbances might impact AD pathophysiology. Despite this growing interest, surprisingly little is known about how sleep architecture and the broader neuronal network are affected in widely used transgenic mouse models of AD. Objective: We analyzed sleep and electroencephalography (EEG) power in three transgenic mouse models of AD, using identical and commercially available hardware and analytical software. The goal was to assess the suitability of these mouse lines to model sleep and the broader neuronal network dysfunction measured by EEG in AD. Methods: Tg2576, APP/PS1, and 3xTgAD transgenic AD mice were studied using in vivo EEG recordings for sleep/wake time and power spectral analysis. Results: Both the APP/PS1 model at 8– 10 months and the Tg2576 model at 12 months of age exhibited stage-dependent decreases in theta and delta power, and shifts in the power spectra toward higher frequencies. Stage-dependent power spectral analyses showed no changes in the 3xTgAD model at 18 months of age. The percentage of time spent awake, in non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM), or in rapid-eye-movement sleep (REM) was not different between genotypes in any of the transgenic lines. Conclusion: Our findings are consistent with data from several other transgenic AD models as well as certain studies in patients with mild cognitive impairment. Further studies will be needed to better understand the correlation between EEG spectra and AD pathophysiology, both in AD models and the human condition.