bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic polymorphism (rs246079) of the DNA repair gene uracil N-glycosylase is associated with increased risk of cervical carcinoma in a Chinese population
Authors: Ye Feng , Wang Hanzhi , Liu Jia , Cheng Qi , Chen Xiaojing , Chen Huaizeng 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The aim of this case-control study was to clarify the relationship between uracil N-glycosylase (UNG) rs3219218 and rs246079 genotypes and risk of cervical squamous cell cancer (CSCC). Modified polymerase chain reaction-mismatch amplification (MA-PCR) was applied for genotyping UNG rs3219218 (A/G) and UNG rs246079 (A/G) polymorphisms in 400 CSCC, 400 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) III, and 1200 normal controls. We observed no association between the UNG rs3219218 (A/G) polymorphism and risk of CIN III or CSCC. However, risk of CIN III (odds ratio [OR] = 1.58) and CSCC (OR = 2.08) was significantly increased in cases with the homozygous GG genotype of UNG rs246079. At the UNG rs246079 (A/G) locus, individuals with the G allele or G carrier (GG + AG) genotype were at higher risk for CIN III (OR = 1.34) and CSCC (OR = 1.55). In the high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) positive group, homozygous GG of the UNG rs246079 genotype was associated with significantly increased risk of CSCC (OR = 2.37) and CIN III (OR = 1.81). Meanwhile, the proportion of G allele was significantly increased in CIN III (49.2%, OR = 1.33) and CSCC (52.5%, OR = 1.50) groups. G allele or G carrier (GG + AG) genotype was identified as a high-risk factor in CSCC (OR = 1.67) while in the CIN III group, no major differences were evident relative to the control group (OR = 1.45). A particularly high level of enrichment grouping was evident according to the number of sexual partners in the CIN III (P = .036) and CSCC (P = .001) groups. Our data clearly suggest an association between UNG rs246079 (A/G) and CSCC carcinogenesis, supporting the potential application of this polymorphism as a genetic biomarker for early prediction of cervical carcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma of the ascending colon in a 31-year-old pregnant woman
Authors: Xu Youzheng , Kong Beihua , Shen Keng 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Rationale:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the 2nd most common type of cancer in females and the 3rd in males, worldwide. It occurs rarely during pregnancy and is often associated with poor prognosis, due to the unspecific manifestations until advanced stage. Majority of CRC are localized in the rectum (63%) and the sigmoid colon (20%) during pregnancy.

Patient concerns:
In thisstudy, we report the case of a pregnant woman who was diagnosed with adenocarcinoma of the ascending colon at her 33rd gestational week. She was referred to our department from local hospital with low fever and right-sided flank pain, which had lasted for nearly half a year and severely aggravated for 5 days. Previous prenatal examinations contributed the pain to kidney stones or uterine contractions.

Diagnoses:
After a caesarean section and tumor resection of a mass at the hepatic flexure of colon, tumor histology of frozen section confirmed the diagnosis of ulcerative adenocarcinoma of the ascending colon with a diameter of 10 cm. Final pathologic evaluation showed a grade 1 adenocarcinoma with negative lymph nodes (16/0), R0 resection, pT4b pN0 M0 and Dukes B stage.

Interventions:
A healthy female infant was delivered by caesarean section, right after which a right hemicolectomy and ileostomy was performed. Pathology examination proved an early stage adenocarcinoma with no lymphatic metastasis. Patient received chemotherapy with folinic acid, fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) after recovery smoothly and got discharged 1 month after surgery.

Outcomes:
Patient showed no relapse or progression during the follow-up time of 2 years after operation and chemotherapy.

Lessons:
Rare occurrence of CRC during pregnancy and limited experience concerning its diagnosis and treatment bring obstacle to both patients and physicians. Symptoms as constipation and abdominal pain must be inspected carefully. With a perfect coordination between different disciplines, CRC with pregnancy can be ideally treated with better prognosis.
Evaluating the prevalence, awareness, and control of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia in Korea using the NHIS-NSC database
Authors: Boo Sunjoo , Yoon Young Joo , Oh Hyunjin 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence, awareness, and control of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia in Korea according to sex and age, and to identify factors that were associated with the prevalence, awareness, and control of these cardiovascular risk factors among middle-aged Koreans.
A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using 2013 data from the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort (NHIS-NSC) database. A total of 136,755 individuals were considered eligible based on no history of stroke or heart disease, age of 40 to 64 years at the examination, and completion of health examinations. Data regarding demographic factors and cardiovascular risk factors had been obtained using questionnaires, physical examinations, and blood tests.
Hypertension was the most prevalent condition among middle-aged Koreans (25.76%), followed by dyslipidemia (16.58%) and diabetes (10.22%). Among these three conditions, dyslipidemia was associated with the lowest awareness rates (24.14%). Hypertension and diabetes were more prevalent among men than among women, although the prevalence of dyslipidemia was higher among women > 50 years old. The prevalence of hypertension and diabetes increased with advancing age among men and women, although the prevalence of dyslipidemia decreased with age among men (highest prevalence: 50.59% among men aged between 40 and 44 years). Among Korean men (relative to women), the odds ratios were 1.50 for hypertension, 1.96 for diabetes, and 0.82 for dyslipidemia. Age, central obesity, and body mass index were significantly associated with the development of all 3 conditions.
There are sex- and age-specific patterns in the prevalence, awareness, and control of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia in Korea. Dyslipidemia is becoming increasingly common although most middle-aged Koreans are not aware of this condition leading to low control rate. These results may help identify population subgroups at a high risk of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia, and may guide the management of cardiovascular disease in Korea.
Development of screening tool for child abuse in the korean emergency department
Authors: Paek So Hyun , Jung Jin Hee , Kwak Young Ho , Kim Do Kyun , Ryu Jeong Min , Noh Hyun , Kyong Yeon Young , Kang Young Joon 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Mandatory reporting rate of suspected child abuse by health care provider is relatively low in South Korea. The purpose of the study was to develop a screening tool for child abuse and evaluate the feasibility of using this screening tool in emergency department (ED) of South Korea. Injured children younger than 14 years old in the ED were enrolled as subjects to use this screening tool. Candidate items for screening tool were decided after reviewing relevant previous studies by researchers. Using the modified Delphi method, it was judged that the consensus for items of screening tool was achieved in 2 rounds, and the final item of the screening tool was decided through the discussion in the final round. The registry including the developed screening tool was applied to 6 EDs over 10 weeks. Variables of the registry were retrospectively analyzed. A child abuse screening tool called Finding Instrument for Non-accidental Deeds (FIND) was developed. It included 8 questions. One item (suspected signs in physical examination) had 100% agreement; 3 items (inconsistency with development, inconsistent history by caregivers, and incompatible injury mechanism) had 86.7% agreement; and 4 items (delayed visit, inappropriate relationship, poor hygiene, and head or long bone injury in young infants) had 80% agreement. During the period of registry enrollment, the rate of screening with FIND was 72.9% (n = 2815). 36 (1.3%) cases had 1 or more “positive” responses among 8 items. Two (0.07%) cases were reported to the Child Protection Agency. An ED based screening tool for child abuse consisting of 8 questions for injured children younger than 14 years old was developed. The use of screening tools in Korean ED is expected to increase the reporting rate of child abuse. However, further study is necessary to investigate the accuracy of this screening tool using a national child abuse registry.
Effect of hydrokinesitherapy on balance and walking ability in post-stroke patients
Authors: Wang Xin , Guo Taipin , Wang Tao , Jiang Bo , Su Yan , Tang Xiaoxia , Liao Jianglong , Xie Guanli 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Introduction:
Brain stroke is the second most common cause of death and major cause of disability in adults, representing a huge burden on patients and their families. Hydrokinesitherapy, a type of physical rehabilitation, may be beneficial to post-stroke recovery. We will systematically assess the clinical effectiveness and safety of hydrokinesitherapy for rehabilitation of stroke survivors in this review.

Methods:
We will perform a systematic search to identify all potentially relevant published studies on this topic. Online electronic databases including MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE (via embase.com), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) in the Cochrane Library, CINAHL (via EBSCOhost) and SPORTDiscus (via EBSCOhost) will be searched without language restrictions from their inception to September 30, 2018. All relevant randomized controlled trails (RCTs) will be screened according to predetermined inclusion criteria. Two independent reviewers will evaluate the methodological quality of each study included. One reviewer will extract data and another reviewer will check the accuracy. Any disagreements will be discussed with a third reviewer. The posture balance and walking ability will be defined as primary outcomes. Activities of daily living (ADL), drop-out and adverse events will also be assessed as secondary outcomes. The evaluation of methodological quality, data analysis will be completed using Cochrane Review Manager 5.3 according to Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions.

Trial registration number:
CRD42018110787.
Successful treatment of malignant thymoma with sacrum metastases
Authors: Liu Shuzhong , Zhou Xi , Song An , Huo Zhen , Li William A. , Rastogi Radhika , Wang Yipeng , Liu Yong 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Rationale:
Malignant thymoma in the spine is a rare disease without standard curative managements so far. The objective of this article is to report a very rare case of recurrent malignant thymoma with sacrum metastases causing severe lumbosacral pain, which was presented with acute radiculopathy and treated with 2 operations combined with stabilization and cement augmentation. The management of these unique cases is not well-documented.

Patient concerns:
A 75-year-old man presented with lumbosacral pain, radiating pain and numbness of the left extremity. The patient underwent thymectomy in 2008, and posterior spinal cord decompression, tumor resection and a stabilization procedure in 2011. Pathologic results confirmed malignant thymomas of the spine. Imaging studies revealed the density of soft tissues, obvious bony destruction in the sacrum, and significant spinal cord obstruction.

Diagnoses:
We believe this is a less-documented case of metastatic thymoma of the sacral spine presenting with back pain and radiculopathy, and presenting as a giant solid tumor.

Interventions:
The patient underwent osteoplasty via a posterior approach. Pathologic results confirmed malignant thymomas of the sacral spine.

Outcomes:
The patient's neurological deficits improved significantly after the surgery, and the postoperative period was uneventful at the 6-month and 1-year follow-up visit. There were no other complications associated with the operation during the follow-up period.

Lessons:
This article emphasizes metastatic thymoma of the spine, although rare, should be part of the differential when the patient presents with back pain and radiculopathy. We recommend the posterior approach for spinal decompression of the metastatic thymoma when the tumor has caused neurological deficits. Osteoplasty by cement augmentation is also a good choice for surgical treatment.
Primary hepatic leiomyosarcoma presenting as a thick-walled cystic mass resembling a liver abscess
Authors: Liu Weihai , Liang Wenjie 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Rationale:
Hepatic leiomyosarcoma is a rare malignant tumor, and in rare instances, its combination with fever may lead to misdiagnosis of liver abscess. In our case, the presence of the tumor was considered by the presence of blood vessels through the observation of hepatic tumor wall.

Patient concerns:
A 38-year-old woman who had been diagnosed with a liver abscess in a local hospital consulted our institution by complaining left upper quadrant pain and fever. The diagnosis was questioned in our workup, since no obvious inflammatory marker was found in the circulation, and contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed a huge thick-walled mass in the right liver with multiple tortuous vessels within the wall.

Diagnosis:
Imaging revealed a neoplastic lesion rather than liver abscess. The enhancement of the solid tumor tissues was reduced during the portal phase and delayed phase, which was consistent with a wash-out enhancement. The histopathologic and immunohistochemical results confirmed the diagnosis was primary hepatic leiomyosarcoma. A pulmonary nodule during the postoperative follow-up was diagnosed as metastatic leiomyosarcoma tumor through surgery.

Interventions:
A right hepatectomy was performed to cure the hepatic mass. In the follow-up, a metastatic tumor in the lung was resected, followed by chemotherapy.

Outcomes:
Lung metastasis and liver recurrence occurred at 25 and 39 months after liver surgery, respectively. Then the patient was lost to follow-up.

Lessons:
Leiomyosarcoma is associated with a dismal prognosis, but outcomes for these patients may be improved by the combined surgical resection and chemotherapy.
Traumatic displacement of teeth into maxillary sinus and the retrieval assisted by computer-assisted navigation
Authors: Wang Hang , Yang Chan-Yuan , Li Zhi 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Rationale:
Traumatic displacement of teeth into the maxillary sinus is rare. This report described a case of 2 molars accidentally displaced into the maxillary sinus and the retrieval of teeth assisted by computer-assisted navigation.

Patient concern:
A 16-year-old male patient suffered from maxillofacial trauma with the first and second molars in the left maxilla were missing, and an orificium fistula to the maxillary sinus appeared in the dentition region of molars.

Diagnose:
The tomography revealed 2 tooth-like hyperdensity images in the left maxillary sinus.

Intervention:
Computer-assisted navigation surgery was scheduled for the retrieval surgery, and the displaced teeth were removed from the maxillary sinus smoothly.

Outcomes:
The patient displayed uneventful wound healing without postoperative complications in the maxillary sinus.

Lessons:
Surgeons should be alert to the presence of missing teeth in maxillofacial trauma and avoid missed diagnosis, and computer-assisted navigation is recommended for the retrieval of teeth displaced into the maxillary sinus.
Extensive peritoneal implant metastases of malignant struma ovarii treated by thyroidectomy and 131I therapy
Authors: Wu Mengxue , Hu Fengqiong , Huang Xing , Tan Zuwen , Lei Chengming , Duan Dong 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Rationale:
Malignant struma ovarii is extremely rare in the clinic. The diagnosis and modalities of treatment are still controversial. Here we describe a case of extensive peritoneal implant metastasis originating from malignant struma ovarii discovered 14 years after ovariectomy and chemotherapy.

Patient concerns:
A 48-year-old female was admitted to our clinic due to hematochezia with a past history of left malignant struma ovarii. Enhanced computed tomography (CT) examination suggested multiple metastasis nodules in the abdomen and pelvic cavity.

Diagnoses:
Laparoscopy biopsy results of intraperitoneal nodules showed a metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma. While pathological examination after total thyroidectomy showed no definite malignant tumor component in the thyroid tissue. Finally, combined with the patient's past history of malignant struma ovarii, peritoneal implantation metastasis derived from the malignant struma ovarii was diagnosed.

Interventions:
The patient was treated by total thyroidectomy and iodine 131 (131I) therapy. Post-therapy iodine scan and the single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) fusion image showed iodine uptake in the distal descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectal lesions, and a larger lesion in the liver.

Outcome:
After treatment, although the thyroid globulin remained at a high level 3 months after treatment, the patient's hematochezia was relieved.

Lessons:
Therefore, thyroidectomy followed by adjuvant 131I treatment should be recommended in patients with malignant struma ovarii as metastatic risk is difficult to predict based on histopathologic examination.
Computed tomography-guided cryoablation for adrenal metastases: local control and survival
Authors: Zhang Wei , Sun Li-Jun , Xu Jian , Fu Yu-Fei , Zhuang Zhi-Xiang 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
To evaluate the feasibility, local control, and survival after computed tomography (CT)-guided cryoablation for adrenal metastases.
This study included 31 consecutive patients with adrenal metastases who were treated by CT-guided cryoablation in our center from July 2011 to October 2017. The technical success rate, local progression rate, local progression-free survival (LPFS), systemic progression-free survival (SPFS), and overall survival were assessed. The predictors of survival were determined using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses.
The primary and secondary technical success rates were 90.3% and 100%, respectively. None of the patients experienced a hypertensive crisis. The local progression rate during follow-up was 19.4%. Systemic progression was found in 9 patients. The cumulative 1-, 3-, and 5-year LPFS rates were 80.6%, 37.8%, and 18.4%, respectively. The cumulative 1-, 3-, and 5-year SPFS rates were 77.4%, 31.9%, and 14.6%, respectively. The cumulative 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates were 83.9%, 45.0%, and 30.0%, respectively. The existence of an extra-adrenal tumor was a significant independent predictor of worse overall survival (P = .012). The mean overall survival durations were significantly different between patients with and without an extra-adrenal tumor (16.6 ± 2.4 vs 50.9 ± 4.5 months, P <.001).
Our findings support that CT-guided cryoablation is a safe and effective method for controlling adrenal metastases and imply that this approach may improve the survival of patients with adrenal metastases.
Latent Transition Analysis of the Symptom Experience of Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy
Authors: Jeon Sangchoon , Sikorskii Alla , Given Barbara A. , Given Charles W. , Redeker Nancy S. 
Published: December 2018

Background
Symptom clusters reflect the person's experience of multiple cooccurring symptoms. Although a variety of statistical methods are available to address the clustering of symptoms, latent transition analysis (LTA) characterizes patient membership in classes defined by the symptom experience and captures changes in class membership over time.

Objectives
The purposes of this article are to demonstrate the application of LTA to cancer symptom data and to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of LTA relative to other methods of managing and interpreting data on multiple symptoms.

Methods
Data from a total of 495 adult cancer patients who participated in randomized clinical trials of two symptom management interventions were analyzed. Eight cancer- and treatment-related symptoms reflected the symptom experience. Latent transition analysis was employed to identify symptom classes and evaluate changes in symptom class membership from baseline to the end of the interventions.

Results
Three classes, “A (mild symptoms),” “B (physical symptoms),” and “C (physical and emotional symptoms),” were identified. Class A patients had less comorbidity, better physical and emotional role effect, and better physical function than the other classes did. The number of symptoms, general health perceptions, and social functioning were significantly different across the three classes and were poorest in Class C. Emotional role functioning was poorest in Class C. Older adults were more likely to be in Class B than younger adults were. Younger adults were more likely to be in Class C (p < .01). Among patients in Class C at baseline, 41.8% and 29.0%, respectively, transitioned to Classes A and B at the end of the interventions.

Discussion
These results demonstrate that symptom class membership characterizes differences in the patient symptom experience, function, and quality of life. Changes in class membership represent longitudinal changes in the course of symptom management. Latent class analysis overcomes the problem of multiple statistical testing that separately addresses each symptom.
TREM2 R47H exacerbates immune response in Alzheimer’s disease brain
Authors: Korvatska Olena , Kiianitsa Kostantin , Ratushny Alexander , Matsushita Mark , Beeman Neal , Chien Wei-Ming , Satoh J-I , Dorschner Michael O. , Keene C. Dirk , Bammler Theo K. , Bird Thomas D. , Raskind Wendy H. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe R47H variant in the microglial TREM2 receptor is a strong risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). To characterize processes affected by R47H we performed integrative network analysis of genes expressed in brains of AD patients with R47H, sporadic AD without the variant and patients with polycystic lipomembranous osteodysplasia with sclerosing leukoencephalopathy (PLOSL), a systemic disease with early onset dementia caused by loss-of function mutations in TREM2 or its adaptor TYROBP. While sporadic AD had few perturbed microglial and immune genes, TREM2 R47H AD demonstrated upregulation of interferon type I response and pro-inflammatory cytokines accompanied by induction of NKG2D stress ligands. In contrast, PLOSL had distinct sets of highly perturbed immune and microglial genes that included inflammatory mediators, immune signaling, cell adhesion and phagocytosis. TREM2 knock-out in THP1, a human myeloid cell line that constitutively expresses the TREM2-TYROBP receptor, inhibited response to the viral RNA mimetic poly(I:C), and overexpression of ectopic TREM2 restored the response. Compared to wild type protein, R47H TREM2 had higher stimulatory effect on the interferon type I response signature. Our findings point to a role of the TREM2 receptor in the control of the interferon type I response in myeloid cells and provide insight regarding the contribution of R47H TREM2 to AD pathology.