bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation facilitators and barriers of stress first aid to protect mental health of frontline health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study
Authors: Huilgol Shreya S. , Dong Lu , Qureshi Nabeel , Bouskill Kathryn , Meredith Lisa S. , Gidengil Courtney 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has taken a toll on frontline health care workers (HCWs), leading to poor mental and physical well-being. We conducted a large, cluster randomized controlled trial to implement an adapted Stress First Aid (SFA) intervention to support HCW well-being using a train-the-trainer (TTT) approach for rapid deployment in the United States and collected qualitative data through interviews to understand implementation. The goal of this study is to understand barriers and facilitators to deploying SFA using a TTT model, with particular emphasis on the acceptability, uptake, and barriers from the implementation.

Methods
We conducted seven individual and seven group semi-structured qualitative interviews with 28 trainers (i.e., site champions) who delivered SFA training to their local HCWs from Spring 2021 to Winter 2022 in hospitals and health care centers within the United States. We utilized both inductive and deductive approaches to coding transcripts. All transcripts were coded in Dedoose. We used the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) to rigorously assess implementation experiences.

Results
Site champions highlighted leadership buy-in, protected time and incentives, and teams as implementation facilitators, while implementation barriers included unhelpful training materials and content, time constraints and scheduling difficulties, and pandemic-related factors, such as COVID-19 surges. SFA implementation processes varied: some champions had virtual SFA presentations, while others held informal discussions about SFA material in person. Champions also differed on their perceptions of SFA sustainability: some indicated it would be difficult to sustain SFA in their organization due to limited structure and time, while others stated they would continue to utilize it.

Conclusion
Limited research has examined the implementation of HCW well-being interventions using a TTT approach in a changing environment. Site champions were able to implement SFA during a period of rapid and frequent change and shared several implementation facilitators and barriers related to the SFA intervention. In the future, addressing the implementation barriers proactively and prioritizing the implementation facilitators may prove to be useful for large-scale interventions implemented during disease outbreaks and pandemics.
Effects of a national checklist on recommended procedures among patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Snilsberg Øyvind , Iversen Tor , Jenum Anne Karen , Zhang Yuting 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a common, potentially disabling, and costly chronic condition that requires consistent management. In 2008, Norway introduced a national checklist outlining services to include in an annual T2D exam, along with a reimbursement code for general practitioners (GPs) to bill upon completing it. This study investigates whether GP adoption of the checklist improves adherence to recommended services for T2D patients.

Methods
To investigate the impact of GP checklist adoption, we use Norwegian registry data from 2006 to 2021 and apply two difference-in-differences (DID) methods that account for staggered adoption timing: the two-way fixed effects (TWFE) estimator and Callaway and Sant’Anna’s DID method for variation in exposure timing (CSDID) (Callaway B. et al., J Econom 225:200–30, 2021).

Results
We find that installing the electronic form has modest effects on the use of some recommended procedures.

Conclusions
Our study suggests that using the electronic form can have a positive effect on recommended services. However, the modest impact indicates that installing the form does not necessarily translate into its active regular use.
Cross-cultural adaptation, reliability and validity of the persian version of the functional assessment scale for acute hamstring injuries
Authors: Hadadi Mohammad , Haghighat Farzaneh 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
The Functional Assessment Scale for Acute Hamstring Injuries (FASH) which measure symptom’s severity and impact on physical activity and sports ability in individuals with acute hamstring muscle injury, is not available in Persian. The aim of this study was to translate and cross-culturally adapt the FASH questionnaire to Persian and to assess the psychometric properties of the translated version.

Methods
The Persian-translation and cross-cultural adaptation processes were based on World Health Organization method. A total of 160 participants compromising of four groups: (1) acute hamstring injury (N = 40), (2) other lower extremity injury (N = 40), (3) risk of acute injury (N = 40), and (4) healthy control (N = 40) were recruited to complete the Persian version of FASH (FASH-P) questionnaire twice with an interval of 48–60 h. The Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) were used to assess the criterion validity. Test-retest reliability, internal consistency, criterion validity, Dimensionality and floor/ceiling effects were evaluated to assess the FASH-P psychometric properties.

Results
The FASH questionnaire were translated to Persian without any major problems. The FASH-P showed excellent power of differentiation because the scores were significantly different among the four groups. Regarding psychometric performances, excellent test–retest reliability (Intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.997) and a high level of internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha of 0.966) were observed. The FASH-P total score was significantly correlated with SF-36 and LEFS questionnaires representing an excellent criterion validity. No floor or ceiling effect were found for total score in Hamstring muscle injury group.

Conclusions
Due to the excellent psychometric performance, the FASH-P can be used as a reliable and valid tool for evaluating the severity of symptoms and sports ability in Persian-speaking patients with hamstring muscle injury.
Characterization of novel small molecule inhibitors of estrogen receptor-activation function 2 (ER-AF2)
Authors: Foo Jane , Gentile Francesco , Massah Shabnam , Morin Helene , Singh Kriti , Lee Joseph , Smith Jason , Ban Fuqiang , LeBlanc Eric , Young Robert , Strynadka Natalie , Lallous Nada , Cherkasov Artem 
Published: November 2024

AbstractUp to 40% of patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer will develop resistance against the majority of current ER-directed therapies. Resistance can arise through various mechanisms such as increased expression levels of coregulators, and key mutations acquired in the receptor’s ligand binding domain rendering it constitutively active. To overcome these resistance mechanisms, we explored targeting the ER Activation Function 2 (AF2) site, which is essential for coactivator binding and activation. Using artificial intelligence and the deep docking methodology, we virtually screened > 1 billion small molecules and identified 290 potential AF2 binders that were then characterized and validated through an iterative screening pipeline of cell-based and cell-free assays. We ranked the compounds based on their ability to reduce the transcriptional activity of the estrogen receptor and the viability of ER-positive breast cancer cells. We identified a lead compound, VPC-260724, which inhibits ER activity at low micromolar range. We confirmed its direct binding to the ER-AF2 site through a PGC1α peptide displacement experiment. Using proximity ligation assays, we showed that VPC-260724 disrupts the interaction between ER-AF2 and the coactivator SRC-3 and reduces the expression of ER target genes in various breast cancer models including the tamoxifen resistant cell line TamR3. In conclusion, we developed a novel ER-AF2 binder, VPC-260724, which shows antiproliferative activity in ER-positive breast cancer models. The use of an ER-AF2 inhibitor in combination with current treatments may provide a novel complementary therapeutic approach to target treatment resistance in ER-positive breast cancer.
A case report of type II Floyd tracheal agenesis with staged tracheal and alimentary reconstructions
Authors: Tani Yukiko , Murase Naruhiko , Kato Takazumi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Tracheal agenesis is a rare and lethal congenital airway anomaly. In particular, very few patients with type II Floyd tracheal agenesis experience long-term survival. We present the case of a male infant who was diagnosed with type II disease, underwent staged reconstruction and was discharged home with a tolerance for oral intake.

Case presentation
The patient was delivered via emergency cesarean section at 33 week gestation due to fetal distress. Initial attempts to intubate the trachea failed, but ventilation was successfully achieved through esophageal intubation, prompting suspicion of tracheal agenesis with a tracheoesophageal fistula. The diagnosis was confirmed via CT and laryngoesophagoscopy. On the same day, abdominal esophageal banding and gastrostomy were performed. For long-term management, staged operations, including pseudotracheostomy, internal and external stenting of the trachealized esophagus, and reconstruction of the alimentary tract, were performed. Despite being discharged home with a tolerance for oral intake, the patient experienced cardiac arrest at 41 months due to tracheal tube displacement.

Conclusions
Early detection of tracheal agenesis in postnatal patients experiencing respiratory distress is crucial. Type II Floyd tracheal agenesis remains challenging because of the absence of a trachea and the narrow diameter of the tracheoesophageal fistula.
Exploring the role of spectral Doppler in acute appendicitis
Authors: Saini Shubham , Mittal M. K. , Kanaujia Reeta , Jain Swarna Gupta , Chejara Rajkumar 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
This study evaluated the role of spectral Doppler in acute appendicitis. The aim of the study was to find out whether spectral Doppler parameters (PSV and RI) have any useful application in diagnosing acute appendicitis as an adjunct to grayscale sonography.

Method
All clinically suspected appendicitis patients in whom the spectral Doppler signal could be obtained were enrolled in the study (N = 40). Non-angle-corrected PSV and RI were measured from the intramuscular artery. The final diagnosis of appendicitis was done either on histopathology or clinical follow-up. ROC analysis was done to find the diagnostic performance of PSV and RI and to define the cutoff values to diagnose appendicitis. The cutoff value for peak systolic velocity (PSV) and resistivity index (RI) that would help in the diagnosis of appendiceal inflammation were calculated. Its diagnostic performance was also studied in the borderline category (appendix diameter 6-8 mm).

Results
The mean PSV in appendicitis was 19.21 cm/s, while the mean RI was 0.68. In the group without appendicitis, the mean PSV was 14.15 cm/s, while the mean RI was 0.56. The mean PSV showed a significant difference (p 0.009) in patients with and without appendicitis. These cutoff values obtained had an NPV of 87.5% (PSV) and 83.3% (RI) in the borderline category. The cutoff PSV obtained from ROC curve analysis was 11.8 cm/s with a sensitivity of 93.8%, specificity of 54.2%, PPV of 57.7%, NPV of 92.9%, and a diagnostic accuracy of 70%. The cutoff RI value obtained from ROC curve analysis was 0.56 with a sensitivity of 81.2%, specificity of 58.3%, PPV of 56.5%, NPV of 82.4%, and a diagnostic accuracy of 67.5%. On applying these cutoff values in patients with borderline appendix diameter (6–8 mm), PSV predicted appendicitis with a sensitivity of 50%, specificity of 58.3%, PPV of 16.7%, NPV of 87.5%, and a diagnostic accuracy of 57.1%. The cutoff value of RI predicted appendicitis in the borderline category with a sensitivity of 50%, specificity of 41.7%, PPV of 12.5%, and NPV of 83.3%. RI had 42.9% diagnostic accuracy.

Conclusions
Spectral Doppler parameters may have a useful role in distinguishing between patients with and without appendicitis, demonstrating statistically significant differences in PSV and RI between the two groups. The cutoff PSV had high sensitivity and specificity and proved to be a better indicator than even the maximum outer diameter to exclude appendicitis. The cutoff criteria for PSV also correctly predicted the absence of appendicitis in the borderline category.
Development, Validation, and Clinical Utility of Electronic Patient-Reported Outcome Measure-Enhanced Prediction Models for Overall Survival in Patients With Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Receiving Immunotherapy
Authors: Liao Kuan , van der Veer Sabine N. , Gomes Fabio , Faivre-Finn Corinne , Yorke Janelle , Sperrin Matthew 
Published: November 2024

PURPOSEElectronic patient-reported outcome measures (ePROMs) are increasingly collected routinely in clinical practice and may be prognostic for survival in adults with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in addition to clinical data. This study developed ePROM-enhanced models for predicting 1-year overall survival in patients with advanced NSCLC at the start of immunotherapy.METHODSThis is a single-center study using consecutive patients from a tertiary cancer hospital in England. Using Cox proportional hazards models, we developed one clinical factor–only model and three ePROM-enhanced models, each including one of the following factors: quality of life (as measured by EuroQoL five-dimension five-level utility score) and overall symptom burden and number of moderate-to-severe symptoms (as measured by patient-reported version of Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events). Predictive performance was evaluated and compared through bootstrapping internal validation, and clinical utility was determined via decision curve analysis.RESULTSThe clinical factor–only model contained age, histology, performance status, and neutrophile-to-lymphocyte ratio. While calibration was similar between the clinical factor–only and ePROM-enhanced models, the latter showed improved discrimination by 0.020 (95% CI, 0.011 to 0.024), 0.024 (95% CI, 0.016 to 0.031), and 0.024 (95% CI, 0.014 to 0.029) when enhanced with ePROMs on quality of life, overall symptom burden, and number of moderate-to-severe symptoms, respectively. If care decisions are to be made at risk thresholds between 25% and 75%, the ePROM-enhanced models led to higher net benefit than the clinical factor–only model and the default strategies of intervention for all and intervention for none.CONCLUSIONThe ePROM-enhanced models outperformed the clinical factor–only model in predicting 1-year overall survival for patients with advanced NSCLC receiving immunotherapy and showed potential clinical utility for informing decisions in this population. Future studies should focus on validating the models in external data sets.
Oceanic Curating
Authors: Syperek Pandora , Wade Sarah 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Oceans have proliferated in artworks and exhibitions in recent years, coinciding with a surge of scholarship in the blue humanities and critical ocean studies. However, despite the extensive art history of the sea, artistic and curatorial knowledge has been relatively underrepresented within marine explorations in the environmental humanities. Meanwhile, an abundance of curatorial projects that take the sea as a subject forms a rich repository of innovative thought and practice, pioneering in both oceanic content and methods. This article examines the various curatorial strategies deployed and critiqued in recent exhibitions, drawing on the authors’ long-term research project Curating the Sea, which has involved both primary art historical research and collaborations with curators of art and natural history as well as contemporary artists. Here the authors chart a shift from the display of contemporary marine-themed “cabinets of curiosity” toward more localized and politicized curatorial responses, from awe in the face of the aquatic sublime toward commitment to interdisciplinary and multispecies collaboration. They argue for curatorial practice’s unique capacity to respond to the plurality of oceans and their communities, histories, geographies, and ecologies, demonstrating that such activity does not merely reflect but itself constitutes recent oceanic cultural and theoretical currents.
Climate Cattle
Authors: Searle Adam , Turnbull Jonathon , Oliver Catherine 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Scientific measurement and prediction tools have highlighted the significant greenhouse gas contributions of farmed animals, particularly dairy and meat cows. Emergent analysis and associated political discourse have refigured narratives of blame for the contemporary climate crisis, influencing international policy and inspiring a range of technological and economic fixes to construct “climate cattle” as keystone species for a “good Anthropocene.” Interventions are centered on bovine metabolisms at different spatial and temporal scales; they include the use of feed supplements that inhibit methane production in bovine rumens during digestion, and selective breeding or genetic engineering for the breeding of future-ready low-methane cows. In these bovine “technofix” solutions, the global scale is invoked to drive metabolic interventions at multiple smaller scales including individual cows, their microbiomes, and their genomes. Research, however, suggests that these interventions do not neatly scale back up as invoked by those deploying them for climate-related ends. Rather, the global scale functions discursively to incentivize bovine metabolic intervention, influence agricultural policies, and draw investment into ecomodernist visions of “good cows for a good Anthropocene.” Through examining how cows figure as both problems and solutions through metabolic interventions, this article traces the importance of, and issues with, scale in contemporary environmental governance.
A Tentative Tangling of Tendrils
Authors: Klier Gabriela , Vaccari Andrés 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article carries out a diffractive reading of Kurt Vonnegut through the writings of Donna Haraway. Vonnegut and Haraway never read each other, yet this essay argues that they are kindred spirits, or oddkin. Both authors challenge the distinction between theory and fiction in their practice. The approach of Vonnegut’s work from the perspective of Haraway’s is through the polysemic notion of SF and her diagnosis of the “trouble.” The reading has two parts. First, it focuses on Vonnegut’s diagnosis of the trouble, leading deep into the military-industrial-entertainment complex with its machines, engineers, cyborgs, monsters, and wars. Second, in line with Haraway’s notion of SF, it analyses Vonnegut’s creation of new worldings centered on an understanding of life as sympoietic. In Vonnegut’s fiction, the deeply relational nature of life is expressed in a range of speculative settings, both terrestrial and extraterrestrial. To stay with the trouble means developing other social arrangements based on new sensibilities and forms of perception. Vonnegut and Haraway share a common vision centered on a relational and monstrous understanding of life that leads, in turn, to an ethics of care that bridges the barriers and enables associations of humans and nonhumans.
The Many Care Worlds a Butterfly Crosses
Authors: González-Duarte Columba 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article explores the theme of heroes and villains in relation to the conservation of the North American monarch butterfly. The monarch butterfly is a migratory insect that performs an annual four-thousand-kilometer journey across Canada, the United States, and Mexico. Through its travels, the at-risk insect connects and disconnects humans, revealing tensions between the different actors participating in its survival across its North-South geographies. In the North, conservation relies on the voluntary care work of butterfly amateurs who recreate monarch habitat, rear and care for the insect at home, and contribute economically and affectively to habitat protection. In the South, the conservation model is experienced by Indigenous and mestizo communities as a top-down imposition restricting their traditional livelihoods. Residents of the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve contest their framing as nature trespassers, while they carry the political, affective, and physical labor of conserving a disappearing insect. They too care for this butterfly but with an emphasis on its forest relations. Based on ethnographic data collected among these two often-opposed conservation communities, this article explores the ontological questions raised by these hero and villain dynamics around radically different ideas of what caring for this butterfly means. The exploration of one insect and two care worlds intersects with the “one planet, many worlds” debate in a colonial context. By examining the tensions between these opposed care worlds, the essay illustrates how a disappearing butterfly constitutes and confronts distinct perceptions of the urgency of caring for nature.
In Search of Fire Villains
Authors: Schreer Viola 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article examines the relationship between willful blindness and structures of blame by exploring how Ngaju Dayak villagers in Indonesia’s province of Central Kalimantan deal with the discourses, knowledge, and politics of blame that have emerged around the region’s recurrent peat fires. Since these fires cause regional air pollution, detrimental health effects, tremendous economic costs, and environmental impact on a global scale, the search for fire villains takes center stage. However, as this article shows, the causes of fires are basically unknowable. Not only do the fires’ pyrogenic agencies and temporal and scalar complexities stymie knowing, but knowing involves risks. This puts ignorance at the heart of this Anthropocenic blight, with diverse actors engaging in willful blindness to attribute blame and avoid responsibility in order to live with the fires and the epistemic and political-economic structures bound up with them. Willful blindness, it is thus argued, is a core element of structures of blame. However, given that nonhuman entities are drawn into these circuits of blame and unknowing, an analysis of willful blindness and its dynamics needs to actively reckon with these nonhuman actors.