bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revisiting high-reliability organizing: obstacles to safety and resilience
Authors: Ford Jessica L. 
Published: February 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to complicate and critique contemporary scholarship on high-reliability organizations (HROs). This paper argues that although HRO scholarship helps to identify communicative patterns that facilitate reliability and safety, it also simplifies processes that undermine the effectiveness of existing recommendations for HROs.Design/methodology/approachThis paper frames high-reliability organizing as the enactment of mindfulness, which is the theoretical mechanism behind each of the five principles of high-reliability organizing. Using this framework, this paper then elaborates on each of the HRO principles: preoccupation with failure, reluctance to simplify interpretations, sensitivity to operations, commitment to resilience, and deference to expertise.FindingsThis paper details how research guided by HRO theory must address the following obstacles to safety and resilience: information accessibility limiting preoccupation with failure, identity constructions encouraging the simplification of interpretations, message fatigue repressing sensitivity to operations, the information environment within HROs weakening commitment to resilience, and generational differences impeding deference to expertise.Originality/valueThis paper highlights key issues obstructing safety and reliability in organizations that have been largely ignored by extant literature and encourages scholars to do more to acknowledge the role communication plays in constituting and reconstituting organizational reliability. Failing to fully address complex communicative interactions in HROs obstructs efforts to safeguard employee health and safety.
(Dis)identification as resilience in dirty volunteer work
Authors: Ford Jacob Stuart 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of identification and disidentification processes of individuals who perform dirty work. Specifically, this study seeks to understand how identification creates resilience for volunteer workers to endure dirty work.

Design/methodology/approach
The present study examines the resilience of volunteers in dirty work roles by interviewing 37 volunteers at an animal shelter and observing volunteers for 72 hours. The transcripts and field notes were analyzed using a grounded theory analysis.

Findings
Volunteers construct multiple identifications and disidentifications as part of the resilience process to engage dirty and dangerous work. Volunteers switched between different (dis)identifications and communicatively reinforced (dis)identifications to overcome the physical and social stigma associated with their work.

Originality/value
The present study extends research on resilience into a new context: dirty work. The findings bring into question assumptions regarding resilience and how a disruption is defined in the resilience literature. Disruptions are communicatively constructed and future studies should continue to research alternative contexts to study resilience labor.
Financial decisions and ownership structure as control mechanisms of agency problems: evidence from Italy
Authors: Rossi Fabrizio , Boylan Robert , Cebula Richard J. 
Published: February 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between financial decisions and ownership structure by using the control contests on a sample of Italian listed companies.Design/methodology/approachThe analysis adopts a balanced panel data set of 984 firm-year observations for the period of 2002-2013, with estimation using a generalized method of moments.FindingsThe results appear to confirm both the hypotheses of the alignment of interests and the entrenchment effect. The entrenchment and alignment effects are not found to be alternatives but rather are found to co-exist. The presence of a coalition of minority shareholders acts as a tool to control agency costs, particularly when the coalition is instrumental in the contestability of corporate control.Practical implicationsThese findings suggest that minority shareholders may have a larger impact than previously identified by strategically aligning with other shareholders to form coalitions. This study provides several practical implications. First, dividend payout is not necessarily a good instrument to control and monitor agency costs. This is because the payout can be used to expropriate benefits from the minority shareholders. Second, high ownership concentration does not always reduce agency costs. Third, a non-collusive coalition can be more useful in the monitoring of agency costs than other tools, such as the debt level.Originality/valueThis study shows that there is considerable value to the firm when individual blockholders come together in a contestable environment and become instrumental in making business decisions. The results support the contention that contestability is an excellent deterrent to dampen the expropriation of benefits to minority shareholders. This study also provides evidence that cash holding can be a good substitute for dividends and debt in the effort to limit agency costs.
Consumer’s intention to use self-service parcel delivery service in online retailing
Authors: Chen Yuangao , Yu Jing , Yang Shuiqing , Wei June 
Published: February 2018

PurposeOnline retailers widely use self-service parcel delivery as a solution to the last-mile logistics problems. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors that affect the consumer’s intention to use self-service parcel delivery service.Design/methodology/approachThe authors integrate prior research and propose a comprehensive three-factor model. The study combines individual and situational factors and proposes a socialized factor.FindingsThis study found that location convenience, optimism, innovation, and the need for human interaction positively affect the consumer’s intention to avail of the self-service parcel delivery service. It also identifies that socialized factor positively influences the consumer’s intention to use self-service parcel delivery services.Research limitations/implicationsThe test results show that the explanatory power of the individual factors of the model is better than that of the situational factors. However, this does not imply that the situational factors cannot explain the consumer behavior well. Future studies should employ additional situational factors to explain the consumer behavior.Practical implicationsThis study offers valuable theoretical and managerial implications. Delivery service providers should concentrate on their marketing force and customize their services for consumer groups who have specific individual characteristics, such as optimism and innovation.Social implicationsStrengthening service interactions in the social factor and choosing optimal locations for self-service pickup machines are also essential for the expansion of the users’ population and enhancement of service experience.Originality/valueThe authors combined situational and individual factors, proposed a socialized factor, and presented the three-factor model of the consumer’s intention to use self-service parcel delivery service.
Individualism and internet addiction: the mediating role of psychological needs
Authors: Arpaci Ibrahim , Kesici Şahin , Baloğlu Mustafa 
Published: February 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the mediating role of psychological needs in the association between individualism and internet addiction.Design/methodology/approachA mixed-method design was used by comprising of 602 college students’ (70.3 percent women) responses obtained through the Individualism-Collectivism Survey, New Needs Assessment Questionnaire, and Internet Addiction Scale. Structural equation modeling techniques were used to investigate the theoretical relationships among the constructs. Constant comparative method was employed to analyze qualitative data that resulted from the transcription of semi-structured interviews with 12 field experts.FindingsQuantitative results showed that individualism has a significant effect on internet addiction through affiliation, dominance, achievement, and autonomy (i.e. psychological needs). As students’ needs for dominance, achievement, and autonomy increased their internet addiction levels decreased. However, increase in the need of affiliation led to increase in the likelihood of internet addiction. Qualitative findings suggested alternative ways to satisfy psychological needs in socially more proper ways.Originality/valuePsychological needs and internet addiction have long been investigated both independently and in relation to each other. However, the investigation of espoused culture (i.e. individualism) in relation to psychological needs and internet addiction is relatively recent. A review of the recent literature showed that an investigation of the mediating role of psychological needs in the effect of individualism on internet addiction is highly original. Moreover, initial quantitative results and follow-up qualitative findings help the authors understand psychological needs underlying internet addiction and suggest socially more appropriate means to satisfy these needs. Findings have theoretical values for researchers as well as practical values for those who work with students.
External knowledge sharing and radical innovation: the downsides of uncontrolled openness
Authors: Ritala Paavo , Husted Kenneth , Olander Heidi , Michailova Snejina 
Published: February 2018

PurposeInter-firm collaborative innovation typically requires knowledge sharing among individuals employed by collaborating firms. However, it is also associated with considerable risks, especially if the knowledge sharing process is not handled using proper judgment. Such risks have been acknowledged in the literature, but the underlying empirical evidence remains unclear. This study aims to examine how sharing of business-critical knowledge with external collaboration partners affects firm’s innovation performance.Design/methodology/approachThe authors develop a mediating model and hypotheses predicting that the uncontrolled sharing of knowledge leads to accidental knowledge leakage, which, in turn, hinders particularly firm’s radical innovation performance. The authors test the model by using a survey of 150 technology-intensive firms in Finland and a partial least squares structural equation model. The mediating model is tested with incremental and radical innovation performance, and the authors control for firm size, age, R&D intensity and industry.FindingsThe authors find strong support for the model in that uncontrolled external knowledge sharing leads to accidental knowledge leaking and to lower radical innovation performance. The same results are not found for incremental innovation, implying that uncontrolled knowledge leakage is especially detrimental to radical innovation.Originality/valueThese findings help in better understanding some of the downsides of too much openness and lack of judgment about knowledge sharing beyond the boundaries of the firm. Thus, firms pursuing radical innovation should carefully guide their employees with regard to what knowledge they share, to what extent they share it and with whom they share it.
Strategic knowledge management in subsidiaries and MNC performance. The role of the relational context
Authors: Claver-Cortés Enrique , Zaragoza-Sáez Patrocinio , Úbeda-García Mercedes , Marco-Lajara Bartolome , García-Lillo Francisco 
Published: February 2018

PurposeBased on the knowledge-based theories of the MNC, this research aims to develop and test a holistic model to analyse the relationship between the strategic knowledge management (SKM) processes undertaken by subsidiaries and MNC performance. Additionally, it focuses on determining the impact that the relational context can have on knowledge creation and transfer inside the internal network of an MNC.Design/methodology/approachThe research hypotheses are tested by partial least squares (PLS) with data from a sample of Spanish subsidiaries of foreign multinational firms belonging to high-technology and knowledge-intensive sectors.FindingsThe results confirm that: the implementation of a SKM by a subsidiary positively impacts on knowledge creation; the knowledge created by a subsidiary positively influences knowledge transfer, increasing the knowledge existing in the MNC; the knowledge transfer across all MNC units has a positive impact on MNC performance; the subsidiary’s relational context arises as a mediating variable between the knowledge created by a subsidiary and its transfer to the rest of the MNC.Originality/valueThe research proposes a holistic model that contemplates the joint interaction of the variables knowledge creation, knowledge transfer and performance. In addition, the proposed model contemplates the variable SMK of the subsidiary as the beginning of the knowledge creation-knowledge transfer-performance process. Finally, the mediating role of the relational context in the relationship between knowledge creation and transfer is analysed.
Do environmental management systems affect the knowledge management process? The impact on the learning evolution and the relevance of organisational context
Authors: Biscotti Anna Maria , D’Amico Eugenio , Monge Filippo 
Published: February 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate how an environmental management system (EMS) might affect the environmental product innovation propensity of a firm through its influence on two factors shaping the knowledge process: the human capital management practices of training and development and the organisational context.Design/methodology/approachTo test the study’s hypotheses, an empirical analysis was carried out on 262 companies drawn from 16 developed European markets included in the S&P Europe 350 Dow Jones index over the years 2005-2015.The authors adopted regression analysis by using the ordinary least squares and the binary logit econometric models.FindingsConsistently with the study’s predictions, results show that for organisational contexts characterised by the presence of family owners, the EMAS-certified EMS reveals as a significant moderating factor that positively influences their approach to the knowledge management tools for the improvement of the workforce cognitive capabilities, with a significant impact on the firm’s openness towards green product innovation. On the contrary, the ISO 14001-certified EMS tends not to stimulate such proactive behaviour, in both family and non-family firms.Practical implicationsThe findings suggest that an EMS can stimulate the knowledge exploration in the environmental protection field. To this end, top managers should overcome the bureaucratic vision of an EMS and conceive it as a knowledge management tool able to support the learning evolution of the organisation through an effective commitment to human capital management policies of training and development.Originality/valueDrawing from social identity and institutional theories, this is the first study – to the best of the authors’ knowledge – that theorises and tests why the adoption of an EMS might stimulate the knowledge advancement of the organisation in a different way, especially in peculiar organisational contexts of family firms where the identity overlap between the family and the firm tends to affect the knowledge management process.
The continuing search for the Holy Grail
Authors: Wiseman Robert M. , Faqihi Hadi 
Published: February 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to enrich the finding by Aguinis et al. (2018) that there is little overlap between the extremes of firm performance and the extremes of CEO pay using a novel approach to characterize the distribution of pay and performance. The authors aim to shift the focus of compensation researchers from fruitlessly trying to link pay to performance to theory-rich accounts of pay that take into consideration the idiosyncratically motivated and socially embedded nature of CEO compensation.Design/methodology/approachThe authors’ approach in this commentary is conceptual. They synthesize compensation literature from different fields such as economics, finance, sociology, strategic management and corporate law, as well as the empirical findings from the focal paper to support their characterization of the current state of the literature and future directions it should take.FindingsThe authors synthesize discussion of CEO pay down to three dimensions of CEO responsibilities and motivations. They argue that a realistic pay design should take into account that CEOs have limited control over performance, they are accountable to multiple stakeholders and they are motivated by financial as well as nonfinancial incentives.Originality/valueThe commentary presents researchers with high-order framing of CEO pay that goes beyond debating over methodology or narrowly focusing on limited behavioral drivers of pay setting. Instead, the authors encourage researchers to take advantage of their three-legged framework to theorize about CEO pay.
Residual free solder process for fluxless solder pastes
Authors: Hanss Alexander , Elger Gordon 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
For soldering, flux is essential because it enables the wetting of the molten solder. Fluxless soldering, i.e. residue-free soldering with the aid of gaseous activators, has been known for many years, but is only well established in the field of opto- and microwave electronics where the solder is applied as preform. In high-volume SMD applications where solder paste is printed, this technology is rarely used until now. The reducing effect of a gaseous activator like formic acid vapor on certain solder alloys is known in practice. However, the corresponding reactions which occur under soldering conditions in nitrogen atmosphere have so far not been systematically investigated for different solder alloys. This study aims to analyze the different chemical reaction channels which occur on the surface of different solders, i.e. catalytical dissociation of formic acid on the pure or oxidized metal surface and the formation and evaporation of metal formates. Based on this analysis, a residue-free solder process under formic acid is developed for solder paste applications.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, different solder alloys (SnAgCu, SnPb, BiSn, In) were analyzed with thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) under formic acid flow. Details on mass change depending on the soldering temperature are presented. Activation temperatures are estimated and correlated to the soldering processes. Based on the analysis, fluxless solder pastes and suitable soldering processes are developed and presented. Major paste properties such as printability are compared to a commercial flux solder paste. High-power flip chip LEDs which can be assembled directly on a printed circuit board are used to demonstrate the fluxless soldering. Likewise, the soldering results of standard paste and fluxless paste systems after a reflow process are evaluated and compared.

Findings
The experimental results show that TGA is an efficient way to gain deeper understanding of the redox processes which occur under formic acid activation, i.e. the formation of metal formates and their evaporation and dissociation. It is possible to solder residue-free not only with preforms but also with a fluxless solder paste. The resulting solder joints have the same quality as those for standard solder paste in terms of voids detected by X-ray and mechanical shear strength.

Originality/value
In the fluxless soldering process, the reduction of oxide layers, and therefore the wetting of the solder spheres, is enabled by gaseous formic acid. After the soldering process, no cleaning process is necessary because no corrosive residues are left on the circuit boards and components. Therefore, soldering using solder paste without aggressive chemical ingredients has a high market potential. Expensive preforms could be replaced by paste dispensing or paste printing.
Mycorrhizal symbioses influence the trophic structure of the Serengeti
Authors: Stevens Bo Maxwell , Propster Jeffrey , Wilson Gail W. T. , Abraham Andrew , Ridenour Chase , Doughty Christopher , Johnson Nancy Collins 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

It is known that tropical grasslands such as Serengeti host large populations of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and that they respond to abiotic and biotic factors. It is also known that AM symbioses are important for the uptake of essential plant nutrients, which, in turn, influences the biomass and nutritional quality of herbivores and their predators. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of AM symbioses on the biomass of different trophic levels of an ecosystem.

To do this, we first measured the neutral lipid fatty acid biomarker 16:1ω5 to estimate the biomass of AM fungi in a long‐term grazing exclusion experiment. Then, we used model selection of Bayesian linear regressions to infer the primary factors that influence AM fungal biomass. Using model selection of different combinations of soil characteristics, we selected the best model using the leave‐one‐out cross‐validation information criterion. Finally, we used the Madingley model to simulate the influence of AM fungi on higher trophic levels. We combined spatially explicit information about soil phosphorus and AM fungal biomass to explore the emergent patterns of the Serengeti resulting from AM symbioses.

Our Bayesian analysis indicated that total soil phosphorus was the strongest predictor of AM fungal biomass, and there were significant interactions with grazing. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal biomass is lowest in soil where phosphorus is limited and increases with increasing phosphorus concentration. Biomass was also significantly higher in plots that were not grazed. The Madingley model indicated that nutritional benefits of AM symbioses maintain a substantial proportion of the biomass across all trophic levels.

Synthesis. Our analysis shows that inputs of phosphorus through arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses substantially increase the ability of plants to grow and maintain nutritional quality, cascading through the biomass of consumers and predators in the ecosystem. Although they account for less than 1% of the total modelled biomass, the predicted nutritional benefit provided by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi increased the biomass of macro‐organisms in the Serengeti by 48%. When considering the management of biodiversity, future ecosystem models should account for the influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on all trophic levels.