bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants of Web-based disclosure in the Middle East
Authors: Abdi Henda , Kacem Henda , Omri Mohamed Ali Brahim 
Published: July 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to examine the factors influencing the extent of information disclosed on the companies’ websites in the Middle East region.

Design/methodology/approach
This study uses multiple regression models to examine the impact of some companies’ characteristics (company size, leverage, profitability, size of the audit firm, ownership concentration) on the extent of online disclosure. The study was conducted on 170 listed companies in seven countries (Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, the UAE, Jordan, Kuwait, Qatar and Turkey). The website content was analyzed during the period from September 2015 to December 2015.

Findings
The results reveal that the most important factors influencing the level of Web-based disclosure are company size, leverage and the size of the audit firm.

Practical implications
The results of the study will help regulators to formulate policies about Web-based disclosure as they offer insights into the characteristics of those companies which do and do not meet investors’ demands for online information. Thereby, the regulators might expect that the Middle East companies engage in the online reporting to be larger, have higher debt levels and audited by a big-four audit firm.

Originality/value
This study, added to the existing literature by analyzing seven countries in the Middle East region, allows having a clearer idea on the online disclosure in this region as a whole, which has not been examined before. In this paper, to assess the information’s disclosure on the website, the study has been interested in all of the information presented on the websites: financial and non-financial information.
Effectiveness of damaged fireproofing in structural steel members subjected to fire
Authors: Taghipour Anvari Ataollah , Mahamid Mustafa , McNallan Michael , Eslami Mohammadreza 
Published: July 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present the effect of damaged fireproofing on structural steel members. This study will show that a minor damage in fireproofing will reduce the fire rating of members significantly. Damaged fireproofing happens in structures due to various reasons, and the question is always how effective is this fireproofing? This paper presents the results of one type of fireproofing and presents a parametric study on the size of damage and its effect on fire resistance of structural steel members.

Design/methodology/approach
The study has been performed using numerical methods, thermal and structural finite element analysis. The analysis method has been verified by experimental results.

Findings
Small fire protection damage or loss leads to significant rise of temperature at the damaged parts and causes severe fire resistance reduction of beams. The higher fire protection damage’s extension at the bottom flange of the steel beams does not have any major influence on the rate of reduction of fire resistance of the beams. Steel beams experience greater fire resistance reduction at higher load levels because of the existing of higher stresses and loads within the steel beam section.

Research limitations/implications
The study has been performed using finite element analysis, and it covers a wide range of practical sizes. However, experimental work will be performed by the researchers when funding is granted.

Practical implications
The study provides researchers and practitioners with an estimate on the effect of damaged fireproofing on fire resistance of structural steel beams.

Social implications
Understanding the effect of the effect of damaged fireproofing helps in estimating the fire resistance of structural steel members, which may protect collapses and disasters.

Originality/value
The research is original; extensive literature review has been performed, and this research is original.
When and how abusive supervision leads to knowledge hiding behaviors
Authors: Khalid Maria , Bashir Sajid , Khan Abdul Karim , Abbas Nida 
Published: July 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the association between abusive supervision and knowledge hiding behaviors. The authors further investigate how abusive supervision is linked with knowledge hiding behaviors, and why some subordinates, unlike others, tend to engage in more knowledge hiding behaviors in response to abusive supervision. The authors propose that interpersonal justice mediates the relationship between abusive supervision and knowledge hiding behaviors, and that Islamic work ethics (IWE) weaken the hypothesized relationship between abusive supervision and knowledge hiding behaviors.Design/methodology/approachThe data were gathered in three time lags from 224 respondents working in the hospitality industry of Pakistan.FindingsThe results reveal that the abusive supervision is positively associated with a knowledge hiding behaviors. This relationship is mediated by perceptions of interpersonal justice, but the IWE moderated this relationship such that in the presence of high levels of IWE, the impact of abusive supervision on knowledge hiding behaviors is weak.Practical implicationsEmployees’ values and beliefs can serve as a safeguard against reactions to abusive supervision. The impact of abusive supervision on employees’ behaviors may be minimized by building their ethical values around Islamic principles.Originality/valueTo the best of the knowledge, this is the first study to examine the relationship between abusive supervision and knowledge hiding behaviors. The authors integrate displaced aggression and social exchange theory with the IWE literature to offer new insights in-to the mechanisms and boundary conditions associated with the relationship between abusive supervision and knowledge hiding behaviors.
Graffiti and perceived neighborhood safety: a neuroimaging study
Authors: James Russell , O’Boyle Michael 
Published: July 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to uncover the neural basis underlying the negative impact of graffiti on evaluations of neighborhood safety.

Design/methodology/approach
While in a functional magnetic resonance imaging scanner, participants rated the perceived safety of neighborhood scenes shown in photographic images. Some scenes were systematically altered to include graffiti, surveillance cameras or framed public art.

Findings
Consistent with previous research, the average safety rating for each scene including graffiti was significantly lower than for every other non-graffiti scene presented. The powerful salience of graffiti (as demonstrated by increased activation of the left fusiform gyrus) accompanied a decreased salience of other built environment scene elements (as demonstrated by reduced activation in the right parahippocampal gyrus). It appears as though the presence of graffiti causes the cognitive impact of other scene elements to fade. This redirection of cognitive focus may help to explain the dominant impact of graffiti on neighborhood safety evaluations.

Practical implications
Because of these basic perceptual tendencies, graffiti will necessarily dominate neighborhood safety evaluations. In any attempts to improve neighborhood safety evaluations, combating graffiti should be accorded a position of great importance, in keeping with these cognitive realities.

Originality/value
This is the first neuroimaging study of graffiti and perceived neighborhood safety.
Affective ethnography: reflections on the application of “useful” research on workplace diversity
Authors: Holck Lotte 
Published: July 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to critically reflect on the affective entanglement of both researcher and practitioners in a study of workplace diversity with a transformative agenda.Design/methodology/approachEvents and experiences related to interventions in a municipal center are presented. The study is embedded in critical diversity research and applies engaged ethnographic methods.FindingsThe researcher reflects on how interventions designed to challenge the status quo faced difficulties while considering the impact of the research entry point, efforts to mobilize organizational members in favor of a diversity agenda and the micro-politics of doing intervention-based research.Practical implicationsThe study reflects on how “useful” research with an allegedly emancipatory agenda might not be considered favorable to neither majority nor minority employees. The notion of affectivity is applied to deal with the organizational members’ multi-voiced response to the change efforts, as well as how the researcher’s position as researcher-change agent critically shaped the fieldwork experiences and their interpretation.Originality/valueFew critical diversity scholars engage with practitioners to produce “useful” research with practical implications. In doing so, this paper contributes to critical diversity methods by exploring why presumably emancipatory initiatives apparently did not succeed, despite organizational goodwill. This involves questioning the implied assumption of the inherent “good” of emancipation, as well as notions of “useful research.”
High levels of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus colonization on Medicago truncatula reduces plant suitability as a host for pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum)
Authors: Garzo Elisa , Rizzo Eric , Fereres Alberto , Gomez S. Karen 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis study sheds light on a poorly understood area in insect–plant–microbe interactions, focusing on aphid probing and feeding behavior on plants with varying levels of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus root colonization. It investigates a commonly occurring interaction of three species: pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum, barrel medic Medicago truncatula, and the AM fungus Rhizophagus irregularis, examining whether aphid‐feeding behavior changes when insects feed on plants at different levels of AM fungus colonization (42% and 84% root length colonized). Aphid probing and feeding behavior was monitored throughout 8 h of recording using the electrical penetration graph (EPG) technique, also, foliar nutrient content and plant growth were measured. Summarizing, aphids took longer to reach their 1st sustained phloem ingestion on the 84% AM plants than on the 42% AM plants or on controls. Less aphids showed phloem ingestion on the 84% AM plants relative to the 42% AM plants. Shoots of the 84% AM plants had higher percent carbon (43.7%) relative to controls (40.5%), and the 84% AM plants had reduced percent nitrogen (5.3%) relative to the 42% AM plants (6%). In conclusion, EPG and foliar nutrient data support the hypothesis that modifications in plant anatomy (e.g., thicker leaves), and poor food quality (reduced nitrogen) in the 84% AM plants contribute to reduced aphid success in locating phloem and ultimately to differences in phloem sap ingestion. This work suggests that M. truncatula plants benefit from AM symbiosis not only because of increased nutrient uptake but also because of reduced susceptibility to aphids.
A Concept Analysis of Disturbed Body Image in Bariatric Surgery Patients
Authors: Perdue Tamara O. , Schreier Ann , Neil Janice , Carels Robert , Swanson Melvin 
Published: July 2018

PURPOSEThis article describes the concept of disturbed body image in bariatric surgery patients.METHODWalker and Avant's (2011) method of concept analysis is used in this study.FINDINGSAfter bariatric surgery, the patient's body may change more rapidly than their allocentric (“inside, lived”) view of themselves, leading to physical and psychosocial sequelae.CONCLUSIONIf not prepared physically and psychologically for body image challenges after bariatric surgery, patients may experience disturbed body image in the postoperative phase.IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICEUnderstanding the concept of disturbed body image in postoperative bariatric surgery patients may allow health providers to provide preoperative teaching and preparation, as well as postoperative interventions to create congruence between the patient's internal and external selves.
A crisis of opioids and the limits of prescription control: United States
Authors: Kertesz Stefan G. , Gordon Adam J. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA rise in addiction and overdose deaths involving opioids in the United States has spurred a series of initiatives focused on reducing opioid risks, including several related to prescription of opioids in care of pain. Policy analytical scholarship provides a conceptual framework to assist in understanding this response. Prior to 2011, a ‘policy monopoly’ of regulators and pharmaceutical manufacturers allowed and encouraged high levels of opioid prescribing. This permissive policy fell apart in the face of adverse outcomes brought to public attention by an ‘advocacy coalition’ consisting of officials, thought leaders, journalists and interest groups who shared common beliefs. This coalition has generated a more cautious prescribing regimen that has incentivized involuntary termination of opioids in otherwise stable patients, with resultant reports of harm. Its emphasis on dose reduction, regardless of outcomes, mirrors in some ways the prior focus on minimizing pain scores, regardless of outcomes. Central to the present analysis is that policies cannot be comprehensively rational; rather, they emerge from a range of actors and agencies constrained in their ability to assimilate complex data, evaluate the data objectively and to command necessary resources in an iterative, rapid response fashion. The imbalance between strong prescription control and weak pain and addiction treatment expansion exemplifies the policy scholar's notion of ‘bounded rationality’. Results have been suboptimum: opioid prescriptions have fallen, but harms to pain patients and overdose deaths have risen. US policymakers could revise the course through a more thoroughgoing engagement with patients, families and communities now coping with both pain and addiction.
Uncommon IFITM5 mutation associated with severe skeletal deformity in osteogenesis imperfecta
Authors: Rodriguez Celin Mercedes , Moosa Shahida , Fano Virginia 
Published: July 2018

AbstractOsteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is the most common skeletal dysplasia, which predisposes to recurrent fractures and bone deformity and presents with wide clinical variability. More than 80% of OI cases are related to dominantly inherited mutations in COL1A1 or COL1A2. The rest of the cases, however, involve many other noncollagen genes, all of which are autosomal‐recessively inherited, except for IFITM5 and WNT1, which are also associated with autosomal dominant OI. Since 2012, a single recurrent heterozygous mutation in IFITM5 (c.‐14C>T) has been shown to underlie OI type V. Although this is the most common OI‐causing mutation in IFITM5, a second, less common mutation in IFITM5, c.119C>T (p.Ser40Leu), has been identified, which is not associated with the OI type V phenotype. In this report, we describe the clinical and radiological features of a further patient with this uncommon mutation in IFITM5 (c.119C>T, p.Ser40Leu). The patient presented with prenatal signs of severe OI and developed extreme short stature with short and bowed limbs, relative macrocephaly, scoliosis, vertebral compression, and a hypoplastic thorax. He had global developmental delay, recurrent respiratory problems, and required special family care and multidisciplinary treatment. To date, all patients with the uncommon c.119C>T mutation have presented with severe OI, rather than OI type V. Thus, this report further strengthens the case for a genotype–phenotype correlation for IFITM5‐related OI.
SOME NOTES ON GEOGRAPHY AND SOCIAL ENGINEERING
Authors: Douglas Robert , Lightfoot Paul 
Published: July 2018

"Clara, trying not to reveal too much of the secret of her involvement, told him that she was working with prisoners who had been described to her as the bloodhounds of imperialism, but that on getting to know them better they had turned out to be quite different. And one question kept bothering her, and she let Lansky answer it: were there, after all, innocent men among them?Lensky listened carefully and replied calmly, "Of course there are. That is inevitable in any penal system.""But Alexei! That would mean that they can do whatever they want! That's terrible."…"No," he said softly but convincingly," not 'whatever' they want. Who 'wants' anything? Who 'does' anything? History. To you and me that sometimes seems terrible, but Clara, it's time to get used to the fact that there is a law of big numbers. The bigger the scope of an historical event, the greater the probability of individual errors, be they judicial, tactical, ideological, economic. We grasp the process only in its basic, determining forms, and the essential thing is to be convinced that this process is inevitable and necessary. Yes, sometimes someone suffers. Not always deservedly. What about those killed at the front? And those who died meaninglessly in the Ashkhabad earthquake? And traffic fatalities? As traffic increases so will the number of traffic victims. Wisdom lies in accepting the process as it develops, with its inevitable increment of victims."But Clara shook her head indignantly."Increment!" she exclaimed …. "The law of big numbers should be tried out on you!" (24)
Review article: systemic treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Pinter Matthias , Peck‐Radosavljevic Markus 
Published: July 2018

SummaryBackgroundThe approval of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor sorafenib in 2007 marked a milestone in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma, as sorafenib was the first systemic therapy to show a survival benefit in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Since then many drugs failed in the first‐ and second‐line setting and it took almost another decade until further tyrosine kinase inhibitors succeeded in phase III trials.AimTo summarise the evolving field of systemic therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma.MethodsWe reviewed recently published studies identified from PubMed and data presented at recent meetings. Main search terms included hepatocellular carcinoma, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, immunotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors, sorafenib, regorafenib, lenvatinib, cabozantinib, ramucirumab, and nivolumab.ResultsWe discuss the evolution of targeted therapies since the approval of sorafenib including failures and recent advances. We also elaborate the unmet need of biomarkers to guide treatment decisions and discuss the emerging field of immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma.ConclusionsThe tyrosine kinase inhibitors sorafenib (first line) and regorafenib (second line) have been approved for hepatocellular carcinoma, and the immune checkpoint inhibitor nivolumab obtained conditional approval for sorafenib‐experienced patients in the United States. With lenvatinib in the first line, and cabozantinib and ramucirumab in sorafenib‐experienced patients, three more targeted therapies reached their primary endpoint in phase III trials and may soon be added to the treatment armamentarium.
Significant association between the use of different proton pump inhibitors and microscopic colitis: a nationwide Danish case‐control study
Authors: Bonderup Ole K. , Nielsen Gunnar L. , Dall Michael , Pottegård Anton , Hallas Jesper 
Published: July 2018

SummaryBackgroundMicroscopic colitis causes chronic watery diarrhoea and has previously been associated with the use of proton pump inhibitors.AimTo explore the association between proton pump inhibitor use and microscopic colitis, including its dependency on timing, dose and choice of proton pump inhibitor.MethodsWithin a 10‐year period, we identified 10 652 patients with a first‐time diagnosis of microscopic colitis, including 6254 (59%) with collagenous colitis and 4398 (41%) with lymphocytic colitis. All microscopic colitis cases were histologically confirmed in the Danish Pathology Register. Information on proton pump inhibitor use was obtained from the Danish Prescription Register. In this case‐control study, we estimated the adjusted odds ratios (aOR) for the association between proton pump inhibitor use and risk of microscopic colitis using conditional logistic regression while adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsWe found strong associations between current proton pump inhibitor use and both collagenous colitis (aOR 6.98; 95% CI: 6.45‐7.55) and lymphocytic colitis (aOR 3.95; 95% CI: 3.60‐4.33). This association was observed with all PPIs. The strongest association was with the current use of lansoprazole for both collagenous colitis (aOR 15.74; 95% CI: 14.12‐17.55) and lymphocytic colitis (aOR 6.87; 95% CI: 6.00‐7.86). When considering timing, ORs were highest for current use of proton pump inhibitor and lower for recent or past exposure. No clear dose‐response pattern was observed.ConclusionsWe found a strong association between microscopic colitis and ongoing use of proton pump inhibitors, especially lansoprazole.
Personalized Schedules for Surveillance of Low-Risk Prostate Cancer Patients
Authors: Tomer Anirudh , Nieboer Daan , Roobol Monique J. , Steyerberg Ewout W. , Rizopoulos Dimitris 
Published: July 2018

Summary
Low-risk prostate cancer patients enrolled in active surveillance (AS) programs commonly undergo biopsies on a frequent basis for examination of cancer progression. AS programs employ a fixed schedule of biopsies for all patients. Such fixed and frequent schedules may schedule unnecessary biopsies. Since biopsies are burdensome, patients do not always comply with the schedule, which increases the risk of delayed detection of cancer progression. Motivated by the world's largest AS program, Prostate Cancer Research International Active Surveillance (PRIAS), we present personalized schedules for biopsies to counter these problems. Using joint models for time-to-event and longitudinal data, our methods combine information from historical prostate-specific antigen levels and repeat biopsy results of a patient, to schedule the next biopsy. We also present methods to compare personalized schedules with existing biopsy schedules.
Stability of child temperament: Multiple moderation by child and mother characteristics
Authors: Bornstein Marc H. , Hahn Chun‐Shin , Putnick Diane L. , Pearson Rebecca 
Published: July 2018

This 3‐wave longitudinal study focuses on stability of child temperament from 3 to 6 years and considers child age, gender, birth order, and term status as well as mother age, education, anxiety, and depression as moderators of stability. Mothers of approximately 10,000 children participating in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children rated child temperament. Stability coefficients for child temperament scales were medium to large, and stability was generally robust across moderators except child gender and birth order and mother age and education, which had small moderating effects on reports of stability of child temperament.
Statement of contribution

What is already known on this subject?

Some is known about the stability of temperament in infancy in small samples, but much less is known about the stability of temperament in early childhood or its moderation.

What does this study add?

This study uses a large sample (˜10,000) to trace the stability of temperament from 3 to 6 years in three waves and considers child age, gender, birth order, and term status as well as mother age, education, anxiety, and depression as moderators of stability.