bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Radiant Tableaux of Daniel Deronda
Authors: Kravetz Rachel 
Published: June 2018

Rachel Kravetz, “The Radiant Tableaux of Daniel Deronda” (pp. 68–93)
This essay argues that the ekphrastic images in Daniel Deronda (1876) mark a shift in George Eliot’s thought away from a historical to a prophetic national mode. Taking as a point of departure the critical commonplace that Eliot’s novel has two largely separate spheres, a degenerate English world and a visionary Jewish realm, I show that each has a painterly model. The grounds of stately English homes represent a false Arcadia in passages that allude to the genre of landscape known as “ideal.” While the glowing river landscapes that frame Jewish characters conjure the extrasensory, they have a material correlative in the paintings of J.M.W. Turner. In my reading, these vivid scenes comprise a response to the vexed status of the nation that issues from philosophical empiricism. The nation is too large a body to be perceived directly or depicted fully in fiction. Eliot’s sunset landscapes form a locus for propositions about how the mind may reach beyond experience. With images of arched bridges, she transmutes an empiricist metaphor for the mental process of prediction through inference into a symbol for prophecy. The gold skies light up the distance, directing the reader to conceive a national ideal Eliot cannot locate or provide: ultimately, both empiricism and idealism prove insufficient to her fictional project, nonetheless brilliant, of national reanimation.
Screening for diabetic nephropathy: take your blinkers off
Authors: Eid Ahmed , Yusuff Shafiq , Kong Marie-France 
Published: June 2018

Proteinuria is one of several markers of kidney damage in diabetes. The excretion of specific types of protein, such as albumin or low molecular weight globulins, depends on the type of kidney disease that is present.1 One of the earliest changes in diabetes is an increase in glomerular filtration rate (GFR), or hyperfiltration, which is observed in patients with type 1 as well as many with type 2 diabetes and is accompanied by an increase in renal size.2 The next observable change is the development of albuminuria, and current UK guidance recommends annual screening with the albumin creatinine ratio (ACR) to identify early kidney disease in patients with diabetes.3 Patients with diabetes with persistent microalbuminuria are at greatly increased risk for development of proteinuria (albuminuria >300 mg/day). However, it is important to exclude other causes of proteinuria in patients with diabetes, especially if there is no associated retinopathy. We report a case of an 81-year-old man with type 2 diabetes mellitus who presented with lower back pain and proteinuria but who had had normal/minimal microalbuminuria on his annual screening. He was diagnosed with multiple myeloma. The case highlights the importance of proteinuria in diagnosing multiple myeloma and the distinction between proteinuria in diabetic nephropathy and in multiple myeloma.
Морфологія, гісто- та цитоморфометрія печінки жуйних
Authors: Demus N.V. 
Published: June 2018

У роботі з’ясовано макро-, мікроскопічну будову та особливості морфометричних показників печінки великої рогатої худоби (ВРХ) та овець на органному, тканинному та клітинному рівнях структурної організації із застосуванням анатомічних, гістологічних та морфометричних методів. Проведені дослідження свідчать, що морфологічна будова печінки у досліджуваних тварин має подібну структурну організацію, але відрізняється певними органо-, гісто- та цитоморфометричними показниками. На основі результатів органометрії встановлено, що абсолютна маса печінки у жуйних мінлива і в певній мірі залежить від кровонаповнення органа та виду тварин. Так у великої рогатої худоби абсолютна маса печінки становить 4,07 ± 0,084 кг, відносна – 1,12 ± 0,012%, у овець відповідно 0,65 ± 0,0065 кг та 1,21 ± 0,014%. Гістоархітектоніка печінки ВРХ та овець побудована із сполучнотканинної строми і паренхіми. Строма органа сформована капсулою, поверх якої знаходиться серозна оболонка. У ділянці воріт печінки сполучна тканина капсули проникає всередину органа, розгалужується і ділить орган на часточки, які мають різі розміри та полігональну форму. З’ясовано, що у мікроскопічній будові печінки дослідних тварин – великої рогатої худоби та овець, межі між печінковими часточками, не зовсім чіткі у звʼязку з слабким розвитком між часточками сполучної тканини. За мікроскопічної будови печінкова часточка у жуйних сформована щільною сіткою епітеліальних пластинок, які мають радіальний напрямок та інколи анастомозують між собою. Кожна пластинка представлена двома рядами гепатоцитів, між якими містяться чітко виражені синусоїдні гемокапіляри. Між рядами гепатоцитів, що формують пластинки виявляються досить витончені (розміром до 1-го мкм) жовчні капіляри, стінками яких є оболонка гепатоцитів, що з’єднані між собою щільними контактами. Згідно з гістоморфометричними дослідженнями середня площа часточки печінки у великої рогатої худоби становить 0,7852 ± 0,041 мм², у овець такий показник є у 1,28 рази меншим і дорівнює відповідно 0,6143 ± 0,066 мм². Кількість часточок на одиницю площі (14 мм²), навпаки, є більшою у овець – 17,8 ± 2,88 одиниць і, достовірно (Р ˂ 0,01) майже у 1,4 раза меншим (12,4 ± 1,99 од.) у ВРХ. Гепатоцити печінки дослідних тварин мають неправильну багатогранну форму з чіткими контурами цитоплазми. Вони щільно прилягають один до одного і містять округлі, центрально чи ексцентрично розміщені та інтенсивно забарвлені ядра різного діаметра. Гепатоцити за обʼємом цитоплазми та ядер характеризуються різними розмірами (малі, середні, великі), а відповідно і різним ядерно-цитоплазматичним відношенням (ЯЦВ): найвищий індекс ЯЦВ властивий для малих клітин, найнижчий – для великих. При цьому цитопопуляція часточок печінки овець, порівняно з такою у ВРХ, характеризується більшою кількістю малих гепатоцитів, на що вказує зростання середнього показника індексу ЯЦВ з 0,1020 ± 0,0065 у ВРХ до 0,1201 ± 0,0573 у овець.
Changes in the immunobiological reactivity of the organism of cows in the pathogenesis of mastitis
Authors: Zhelavskyi M.M. 
Published: June 2018

Immunobiological aspects of the pathogenesis of mastitis of cows of the Ukrainian black-and-white breed are considered in the article. Based on the relevance of the topic, the aim of our work was to study the functional state of nonspecific immunobiological resistance and the specific immunobiological reactivity of the cows' organism during the development of mastitis. The features of the manifestation of immune reactions in the organism of animals in the development of subclinical and purulent-catarrhal mastitis have been studied. Clinical and experimental studies were conducted in Ukrainian farms (Khmelnytsky and Vinnytsia region). Laboratory studies were carried out in the specialized laboratory of immunology of animal reproduction of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the Podilsky State Agrarian and Technical University (Ukraine). Three groups of animals were formed to conduct clinical and experimental studies. As a result, it was found that subclinical mastitis of cows is accompanied by a change in the immunobiological reactivity. Purulent-catarrhal mastitis in cows was manifested by significant changes in the parameters of nonspecific immunological reactivity. The pathological process was accompanied by a sharp decrease in bactericidal activity of blood serum (P < 0.01), as well as by suppression of phagocytic reactivity of immunocompetent blood cells. In parallel with this, there was an increase in lysozyme activity of blood serum (P < 0.01), which was associated with active degranulation and neutrophil lysis. Obviously, microphages actively migrate to the zone of the pathological process and exhibit active phagocytosis, which was accompanied by partial excretion of cytoplasmic lysozyme. In the peripheral blood of cows with subclinical mastitis, the number of reactive microphages increased sharply (P < 0.001). Simultaneously, the number of activated phagocytes with myeloperoxidase granules also increased in the peripheral blood (P < 0.01). Activation of intra-leukocyte lysozyme phagocytic cells was less intensive. Subclinical udder pathology was accompanied by an increase in the number of degranulated cells (P < 0.001), which is one of the specific properties of cytomorphological changes in programmed death (apoptosis). Subclinical inflammation of the mammary glands mastitis of cows was accompanied by a certain decrease in the number of T-lymphocytes (P < 0.001). Clinical and experimental studies have shown that subclinical and purulent-catarrhal mastitis of cows undergo significant changes in systemic immunity. In the pathophysiological model of subclinical and purulent-catarrhal mastitis, the functional state of the T-link of specific immunity was disturbed, the bactericidal activity of blood serum and phagocytosis were suppressed, which occurred against the background of changes in the cytochemical reactivity of phagocytic cells circulating immune complexes and molecules with an average molecular weigh.
Cardiac enzymes activity and lactate concentration in the blood of sport horses at myocardial dystrophy
Authors: Slivinskа L. , Maksymovych I. , Tkachenko H. , Andriichuk A. , Leno M. 
Published: June 2018

The article presents the results of research on the activity of cardiac specific enzymes and the concentration of lactate in the blood of sport horses for myocardial dystrophy of physical activity. Materials for researches were horses, used in the classical forms of equestrian sport of Ukrainian riding (n = 20), Hanoverian (n = 15) and Westphalian (n = 15) breeds. The average age of horses was 8.4 ± 0.71 years (3.5–16.0 g.), weight – 479.4 ± 8.54 kg (350–605 kg). Studies were conducted immediately before and immediately after exercise. The duration of regular training of average intensity was 1 hour: step 5 min; roaring lynx 10 minutes; step 5 min; training lynx 10 minutes; step 10 min; gallop with a transition to a step of 10 minutes; step 10 min. Blood samples from horses were taken from a jugular vein in a test tube without an anticoagulant (10 ml; Vacutest, Italy) and an anticoagulant (EDTA-K, 2.0 ml; Sarstedt, Germany). Diseases of the heart muscle are accompanied by the release of substances released from damaged cardiomyocytes, in particular, creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), myoglobin. It has been established that the key to the pathogenesis of myocardial dystrophy in sport horses is the discrepancy between costs and energy recovery in the functioning structures of the heart muscle due to excessive cardiac load and significant increase in energy costs, as well as a disturbance in the balance of the electrolytes. Hyperlactatemia that occurs in horses during exercise causes changes in the permeability of cardiomyocytes and exit enzymes in the blood and can play a key role in the pathogenesis of myocardial dystrophy. Іn sporting horses, after activity in blood serum, activity of AST and LDH increases in blood serum, a tendency to increase activity of creatine kinase (CК) is observed. The cardiac isoenzyme CK (CK‒MB) was detected by a specific marker of myocardial dystrophy in sport horses, since its activity was likely to increase in the blood of all experimental groups of animals. A less specific marker of myocardial damage was the activity of hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (LDH‒1) in the blood, since the probable difference was established only in the Westphalian horses. Investigating the activity of AST, CK and CK-MB in horses can serve for differential diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis syndrome and damage to heart muscle cells, in particular for myocardial dystrophy.
Stability attenuation of BCG vaccine strain
Authors: Glebenyuk V.V. , Petrusha V.G. 
Published: June 2018

As the basis for prevention of tuberculosis is the use of BCG vaccine. The experience of using the tuberculous vaccine has shown quite positive results. Mycobacterium bovis of BCG vaccine strain, which are preserved in laboratories from different countries may differ slightly in their biological properties, including virulence and immunogenicity. Objective of work is to investigate the stability attenuation of BCG vaccine strain. BCG vaccine strain (BCG-Russia) was used for investigations. The morphology, cultural and biochemical properties of mycobacteria determined by means of agreed-upon methods. We used amplifier iCycler iQ5 and a set of reagents for PCR-amplification of DNA with real-time detection for carrying out PCR. The determination of the virulence and sensitivizing properties of mycobacteria was carried out using the biological test. The pieces of the spleen and lungs were taken for histological examination. It was found that Mycobacterium bovis BCG strains formed on the nutrient medium by Mordovskyi the matted colonies of ivory color with a hilly surface and uneven edges (R-forms). In the smears from colonies, after staining by Ziehl-Neelsen, acid-resistant and non-acid resistant sticks were observed. Mycobacteria BCG strain in the medium of Shkolnykova formed microcolonies, which morphologically resembled «cord». Gene-molecular studies have established the presence of the DNA-target in the mycobacteria of the vaccinal strain. In infected Guinea pigs 3–4 weeks later, an ulcer was formed at the place of introduction of the suspension. Mycobacteria did not cause in laboratory animals the death and development of an infectious process characteristic of tuberculosis. At the autopsy of Guinea pigs characteristic macroscopic changes (tubercular nodes) were not observed. In the spleen of all animals, moderate hyperemia, red pulp hyperplasia were observed. Lymphoid follicles had signs of hyperplasia. At the intersection of laboratory animals of the second and third passages macroscopic pathoanatomical changes were not found. Conclusion: BCG strain do not cause macroscopic pathoanatomical changes in Guinea pigs during three «blind» passages, indicating the stability of his attenuation.
Correction of antioxidant protection of cows organism in theperiod of laboratory drugs with content of non-participants of metals
Authors: Kobilyukh I.B. 
Published: June 2018

The enhancement of free radical oxidation, characteristic of inflammatory processes, is accompanied by a violation of the properties of biological membranes, the functioning of cells and damage to surrounding tissues. The purpose and task of the research was to make correction of antioxidant protection of the body of cows during the period of dry preparations containing nanoparticles of metals. To activate the antioxidant system of the body of cows during the dry period, use the vitamin complex «Nanovit». The experiment was conducted on cows of Ukrainian dairy black-and-white breed in Agroprodservice-Invest LLP of the Kozivsky District of the Ternopil Oblast. The experiment was conducted before 35–25 days to the calves birth where the experimental and control groups of cows were formed (n = 10). Cows of the experimental group for 35–25 days to the cattle, intramuscularly injected 5.0 ml vitamin complex «Nanovit» (composition: vitamins A, D, E and nanoparticles Cu, Zn, Mn, Co). Producer of «NVP» LLC «Ecological Capital». Cows of the control group for 35–25 days to the catheter, intramuscularly administered 15.0 ml of the drug Prodevit-tetra (1 ml of the preparation contains vitamin A – 50000 IU, vitamin D – 25000 IU, vitamin E – 20 mg, vitamin F – 6 mg). Manufacturer of Product Ltd. The study found that vitamins A, D, E, and nanoparticles Cu, Zn, Mn, Co, which are part of the drug «Nanovit», activate the antioxidant system of the body of cows during the dry period. So after the application of the drug «Nanovit» in the body of cows there was a decrease of 58.5% (Р ≤ 0.01) of diene conjugates and 95.0% (Р ≤ 0.001) of TBK-active products against the background of an increase of 20.0% (Р ≤ 0.01) activity of catalase. After the application of the drug «Nanovit», the service period of the period from cows decreased by 54 days, and the index of insemination decreased by 0.2 units against the cows fed «Prodevit-tetra», indicating a positive effect of the drug containing the nanoparticles of metals Cu, Zn, Mn, Co and vitamins A, D, E during the post-period period in cows.
Bactericidal and disinfective properties of disinfectant «Zyrocko-400-Glucuxid»
Authors: Tishyn O.L. , Khomiak R.V. , Kopijchuk G.T. , Orynchak Т.V. , Galutskiy O.-I.Y. 
Published: June 2018

The results of research of bactericidal properties of new domestic disinfectant «Zyrocko-400-Glucuxid» which is a transparent light color, without mechanical inclusions, a solution with a specific odor. It is well mixed with water, created on the basis of Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QAC), glutaraldehyde and purified water. It was found the bactericidal dilution (BD), bactericidal concentration (BC), phenol coefficient (PC) and protein index (PI). Most susceptible to the effect of disinfectant was gramnegativ bacteria of E. coli, where cell death came on the 10 and 30 minutes exposures at concentrations of 0.0691 and 0.0353%, respectively. The action of disinfection preparation for gram-positive bacteria S. aureus, cell death came at these exposures at concentrations of 0.1355 and 0.0691%, respectively. Microorganisms S. typhimurium were the least susceptible to the action of the disinfectant; the death of the microorganisms came at concentrations of 1.4286 and 1.0204%, for 10 and 30 minute exposures, respectively, and, due to the action of the disinfectant on the test culture of P. vulgaris, the death of cells came under given conditions, at concentrations of 0.7289 і 0.5206%, respectively. The action of disinfection preparation for spore form of B. subtilis cell death came on the 10 and 30 minutes exposures at concentrations of 1.4286 і 0.7289%, respectively. The disinfectant effect of this disinfectant is 17.71 і 6.46 times higher on microorganisms E. coli and S. aureus, respectively, of the decontaminant effect of phenol, and in the presence of a protein, the activity of the disinfectant is reduced by 9.04 times. The efficacy of disinfection preparation of microorganisms on surfaces in the decontamination of test-objects. It is established that test-cultures of E. coli, S. aureus and P. vulgaris at 0.05% concentration of disinfectant is ineffective and for the test culture of S. typhimurium, its 0.5% concentration is ineffective. For spore form of B. subtilis disinfection preparation concentration at 1.0%. The preparation «Zуroсko-400-Glucuxide» is effective at disinfection of objects that are subject to a vet control at a concentration of 1.0%, subject to an exposure of 60 minutes or more. For decontamination of objects at spore forms of microorganisms, the working concentration of the insoluble must be 2.0% and above, at exposures of 60 minutes or more and 3.0% at exposures of 30 minutes or more.
Hygienic assessment of sows feeding level at different physiological state
Authors: Krempa N.U. , Kozenko O.V. 
Published: June 2018

Efficiency of nutrients and feed energy use in pigs largely depends on age, live weight, physiological status and type of feeding. Particular attention should be paid to the feeding conditions of the breeding stock, which has a direct influence on the productivity of sows and the quality of the young. Two farms in the Lviv region assessed the value and balance of rations. Were studied and analyzed rations for blank, pregnant and lactating sows and their compliance with the feeding standards, as well as the needs of the organism in different physiological periods. Analyzing nutrient content in the ration of the blank sow of Zolochiv district, there was a lack of exchange energy, digestible protein, fiber, calcium, phosphorus, while ensuring carotene only 1% and excess of feed units. The lack of cobalt was 92.8%, zinc 72.7%, manganese 50.7%, iron 54.4%. A similar situation was with the provision of vitamins. For pregnant sows, the level of exchange energy exceeded the norm by 11.5%, feed units by 31.6%, and the lack of digestible protein was 18.9%, cellulose 42.6%, calcium 98.3%, phosphorus 63.3%, with complete absence of carotene. According to the trace element content, a lack was found in the range of 92 to 40%. The level of provision of already lactating sows of the same farm, the exchange energy was 17.8% less than needed. Lack of feed units was 2.8%, digestible protein 34.5%, cellulose 30.8%, and the provision by the trace element content of the ration was only 14.4%, 34.7% according to the need for calcium, phosphorus and carotene respectively. When analyzing the nutrient content in the feeding ration of the blank sows of the Staryj Sambir region, it should be noted that the lack of exchange energy is 13.92%, feed units – 14.38%, digestible protein - 28.29%, fiber – 59.0%. Blank sows were provided with calcium only by 14.5%, phosphorus by 26.4%, with complete absence of carotene. In the case of pregnant sows, then they were not provided with the main nutrients of the feed. Thus, the content of exchange energy and feed units was 4.45% and 6.45% lower than it needed an organism of animals. However, the rest of the constituents of the animal's ration were provided even less, in the absence of carotene. The level of provision for lactating sows, too, was far from the norm, while other components of the ration noticed even greater imbalance. The level of micronutrient and vitamin supplements was low. Consequently, according to research results, the level of supply of energy from sows of both farms and all physiological groups amounted to 82–95% of the need. Sow was only provided with digestible protein for 65–87%. With the regard to vitamin and mineral supplements, the best situation with methionine + cysteine, which all animals were provided with 72–99%, the lack of other components in both the first and second farms are offset by complementary mineral fodder mixtures.