bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation between F/T-Psa and Echographically-Assessed Prostate Weight in the Diagnosis of Prostatic Cancer
Authors: Chiono L. , Lavagna M. , Schenone M. , Rovida S. , Giberti C. 
Published: October 2018

The aim of this study was to check whether the combination of clinical-laboratory parameters enables better identification of patients with probable prostate cancer who should undergo echo-guided biopsy, thereby reducing the number of biopsies carried out. Patients and methods 100 consecutive patients were recruited (mean age 68.2 ± SD 6.7) all with high PSA (mean: 9.3 ± SD 4.3 ng/ml), plus positive TR ultrasound in 85 patients and positive ER in 41 patients referred to our centre for echo-guided prostatic biopsy. Before the biopsy, all patients were sampled to asses the F/T-PSA value with the Immunolite method. Each patient underwent 6–8 echo-guided transrectal biopsies using the Tru-cut 18 G automatic gun. Prostatic weight was calculated echographically (A x B x C x 0.5236). In all, 122 biopsies were carried out in these 100 patients (mean: 1.22 ± SD 0.56). Data was statistically assessed with multiple and logistic regression with variables: age, T-PSA, F-PSA, F/T-PSA, ECT, ER, prostatic weight, number of biopsies per patient. From this analysis, F/T-PSA and prostatic weight proved to be correlated: further multiple regression analysis was carried out on these parameters. Results 40 cases of prostate cancer were identified and 60 cases of BHP. The regression between the variable that depends on the histological result and the independent variables of F/T-PSA and prostatic weight was extremely significant (p < 0.001). In the light of the results, the following formula was worked out y = 1.077 - (0.025 x F/T - PSA) - (0.008 x prostatic weight). This formula has produced results between 0.04 and 0.9. With a cut-off value of 0.4, 33 prostate cancers were recognised out of 40 and 47 BHP out of 60. Sensitivity was 83%, specificity 78% and efficiency 80%. Conclusions F/T-PSA assessment and echographically determined prostatic weight enables a sufficiently sensitive identification to be made of prostate cancer patients who should definitely undergo a biopsy. It is also possible to select those who should be subject to strict follow-up, with consequent reduction (approx 50%) in the number of potential biopsies.
The 2014 Ontario Child Health Study Emotional Behavioural Scales (OCHS-EBS) Part I: A Checklist for Dimensional Measurement of SelectedDSM-5Disorders
Authors: Duncan Laura , Georgiades Katholiki , Wang Li , Comeau Jinette , Ferro Mark A. , Van Lieshout Ryan J. , Szatmari Peter , Bennett Kathryn , MacMillan Harriet L. , Lipman Ellen L. , Janus Magdalena , Kata Anna , Boyle Michael H. 
Published: October 2018

Objectives:To describe the development and psychometric properties of the 2014 Ontario Child Health Study Emotional Behavioural Scales (OCHS-EBS) for dimensional measurement of 7 disorders based on criteria from the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ( DSM-5).Methods:Scale items were selected by agreement among 19 child psychologists and psychiatrists rating the correspondence between item descriptions and DSM-5 symptoms. Psychometric evaluation of the item properties and parent/caregiver and youth scales came from a general population study of 10,802 children and youth aged 4 to 17 years in 6537 families. Test-retest reliability data were collected from a subsample of 280 children and their caregivers who independently completed the OCHS-EBS checklist on 2 occasions 7 to 14 days apart. Structural equation modelling was used to assess internal and external convergent and discriminant validity—the latter tested against the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents (MINI-KID).Results:Confirmatory factor analyses exhibited adequate item fit to all scales. Except for conduct disorder and youth-assessed separation anxiety disorder, internal (Cronbach’s α) and test-retest reliability (Pearson’s r) for scale scores were 0.70 or above. Except for youth-assessed conduct disorder, the OCHS-EBS met criteria for internal and convergent and discriminant validity. Compared with the MINI-KID, the OCHS-EBS met criteria for external convergent and discriminant validity.Conclusions:The OCHS-EBS provide reliable and valid dimensional measurement of 7 DSM-5 disorders assessed by caregivers and youth in the general population. Part II describes use of the OCHS-EBS as a categorical (present/absent) measure of disorder.
Clinical Features of and Risk Factors for Hydrocephalus in Childhood Bacterial Meningitis
Authors: Huo Liang , Fan Yuying , Jiang Chunying , Gao Jian , Yin Meng , Wang Hua , Yang Fenghua , Cao Qingjun 
Published: October 2018

Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics of and analyze the risk factors for hydrocephalus in children with bacterial meningitis. Methods: Retrospective study of a sample of children with bacterial meningitis seen on the pediatric service of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2016. Results: Overall, 9.36% (25/267) of patients presented with hydrocephalus. Among patients with hydrocephalus, the age at onset of bacterial meningitis was usually <6 months, 15 patients had confirmed bacterial etiology, and 1 patient died. The most significant results of multivariate analysis for hydrocephalus were a rural living situation, altered level of consciousness, previous treatment with antibiotics, initial cerebrospinal fluid protein >2 g/L, C-reactive protein >100 mg/L, and dexamethasone use. Conclusions: A severe clinical manifestation and significant laboratory index at admission are the most important predictors of hydrocephalus in children with bacterial meningitis.
Can Foreign Aid Dampen the Threat of Terrorism to International Trade? Evidence from 78 Developing Countries
Authors: Asongu Simplice , Leke Ivo J. 
Published: October 2018

The study investigates whether development assistance can be used to crowd-out the negative effect of terrorism on international trade. The empirical evidence is based on a panel of 78 developing countries for the period 1984–2008 and quantile regressions. The following main findings are established. First, bilateral aid significantly reduces the negative effect of transnational terrorism on trade in the top quantiles of trade distribution. Second, multilateral aid also significantly mitigates the negative effect of terrorism dynamics on trade in the top quantiles of trade distributions. It follows that it is primarily in countries with above-median levels of international trade that development assistance can be used as an effective policy tool for dampening the adverse effects of terrorism on trade. Practical implications are discussed. Moreover, steps or strategies that can be adopted by managers of corporations involved in international trade are provided, inter alia: (a) the improvement in physical security in high risky places, (b) the reduction of uncertainty linked with politically risky investment environments, (c) the reduction of costs associated with investments in locations that are very likely to be impacted by terrorism, (d) the role of security consultants and (e) the enhancement of security in networks. JEL: F40, F23, F35, Q34, O40
A novel missense mutation of GJA8 causes congenital cataract in a large Mauritanian family
Authors: Hadrami Mouna , Bonnet Crystel , Veten Fatimetou , Zeitz Christina , Condroyer Christel , Wang Panfeng , Biya Mohamed , Sidi Ahmed Med Ahmed , Zhang Qingjiong , Cheikh Sidi , Audo Isabelle , Petit Christine , Houmeida Ahmed 
Published: October 2018

Objective of the study: Inborn lens opacity is the most frequent cause of childhood blindness. In this study, we aimed to define the presumed genetic cause of a congenital cataract present in a Mauritanian family over the last nine generations. Methods: A family history of the disease and eye examination were carried out for the family members. Next-generation sequencing using a panel of 116 cataract underlying genes was selectively conducted on the proband’s DNA. Nucleotide and amino acid changes and their impact on the phenotype were evaluated using various data analyzing software. Results: Congenital nuclear cataract, with autosomal dominant mode, was observed in the family. All patients had consequences on their vision in the first 2 years of life. Genetic screening revealed a new mutation c.166A>C (p.Thr56Pro) in GJA8, encoding the Cx50 α-connexin protein. This mutation co-segregated in all patients and was not observed in the unaffected family members and controls. The predicted secondary structure impacted by p.Thr56Pro revealed a localized disruption, in the first extra membrane loop of the wild-type sheet, which is replaced in the mutant protein by a turn then a coil. This conformational change was functionally predicted as probably damaging. Conclusion: A new mutation (c.166A>C) in GJA8 underlying a nuclear congenital cataract was identified in this study. Its segregation with the phenotype might be useful as a predicting marker of the disease.
The relationship between bi/multilingualism, nativeness, proficiency and multimodal emotion recognition ability
Authors: Lorette Pernelle , Dewaele Jean-Marc 
Published: October 2018

Aims and Objectives: The primary aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between visual–vocal–verbal emotion recognition ability (ERA) and multilingualism – that is, both bilingual first language (L1) acquisition and the level of multilingualism operationalised as the number of languages one can speak. Besides these two factors, we also consider nativeness and proficiency as possible predictors of ERA. Methodology: One-thousand-two-hundred-and-twenty participants completed a survey online consisting of a sociobiographical background questionnaire, an English lexical test and an emotion recognition test including six stimuli. For each of the six audiovisual recordings, participants had to indicate which emotion they thought the L1 English speaker was conveying – happiness, sadness, anger, (positive) surprise, fear, disgust or no/neutral emotion. Data and Analysis: An individual ERA score was calculated for each participant. Correlations between ERA and the different variables were computed – including interactions – and significant correlations were fed into a linear regression model. Findings: The number of spoken languages was unrelated to ERA in our sample. The data revealed an interaction between BFLA and nativeness: bi/multilingually raised English second or foreign language (LX) users outperformed monolingually raised LX users, but bi/multilingually raised L1 users of English scored lower than monolingually raised L1 users. Proficiency was significantly related to ERA. Originality: This study points to a bilingual advantage in emotion recognition in English for participants with specific linguistic profiles. Participants who grew up with two languages from birth had an advantage if it did not include English. The advantage seemed to be cancelled out among bi/multilingually raised English L1 users, possibly due to interferences from their other L1(s) or L1 culture(s). Significance: This study contributes to the scarce literature on bilingual advantage in the affective domain and offers a nuanced view on bilingualism and ERA.
Research participants as collaborators: Background, experience and policies from the PREVENT Dementia and EPAD programmes
Authors: Gregory Sarah , Wells Katie , Forsyth Kate , Latto Cate , Szyra Helen , Saunders Stina , Ritchie Craig W , Milne Richard 
Published: October 2018

Aim Despite the growing importance of public and patient involvement in biomedical research, comparatively little attention has been paid to the important role of research participants themselves. Our aim in this paper is to explore the impact research participant involvement has within the PREVENT and the European Prevention of Alzheimer’s Dementia (EPAD) projects. Method In this paper, we report the experiences of involving research participants as collaborators in prospective cohort studies exploring early changes in the brain as pathways towards and risks for dementia. We use minutes and feedback from members of the panel and steering committee to understand the experience and impact on the study. Results We describe the aims and structure of the participant panel established within the PREVENT Dementia study and highlight its contributions to the organisation, conduct and future of the study. Key areas of contribution identified include recruitment, inclusion of additional sub-studies, understanding the participant experience and contributing to the future of the study. Discussion We then describe how the PREVENT Dementia panel forms the basis for participant involvement within EPAD project.
SERPINA9 and SERPINB2: Novel Cartilage Lineage Differentiation Markers of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Kartogenin
Authors: Granados-Montiel Julio , Cruz-Lemini Monica , Rangel-Escareño Claudia , Martinez-Nava Gabriela , Landa-Solis Carlos , Gomez-Garcia Ricardo , Lopez-Reyes Alberto , Espinosa-Gutierrez Alejandro , Ibarra Clemente 
Published: October 2018

Objective Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are a promising source for regenerative medicine, especially mesodermal lineages. Clinical applications require an understanding of the mechanisms for transcriptional control to maintain the desired cell type. The aim of this study was to identify novel markers for differentiation of hMSCs into bone or cartilage with the use of Kartogenin, by RNA analysis using microarray technology, and explore the role of RhoA-Rho associated protein kinase (ROCK) inhibition in these. Methods Commercial human bone marrow derived primary mesenchymal stem cells were purchased from ATCC. Cells were differentiated in vitro in 2-dimensional cultures using Kartogenin as the main cartilage inducer and bone morphogenetic protein 2 for bone differentiation; cells were cultured with and without ROCK inhibitor Y-27632. After 21 days of culture, whole RNA was extracted and analyzed via Affimetrix microarrays. The most significant hits were validated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results We found a total of 1,757 genes that were either up- or downregulated on differentiation, when compared to P1 hMSC (control) at day 0 of differentiation. Two members of the Serpin superfamily, SERPINA9 and SERPINB2, were significantly upregulated in the cartilage groups, whereas they were unchanged in the bone groups with and without ROCK inhibition. Conclusions SERPINA9 and SERPINB2 are novel differentiation markers, and molecular regulator candidates for hMSC lineage commitment toward bone and cartilage, providing a new tool for regenerative medicine. Our study highlights the roles of these 2 genes, with significant upregulation of both in cell cultures stimulated with Kartogenin.
Three-Dimensional Bioprinting of Articular Cartilage: A Systematic Review
Authors: Wu Yang , Kennedy Patrick , Bonazza Nicholas , Yu Yin , Dhawan Aman , Ozbolat Ibrahim 
Published: October 2018

Objective Treatment of chondral injury is clinically challenging. Available chondral repair/regeneration techniques have significant shortcomings. A viable and durable tissue engineering strategy for articular cartilage repair remains an unmet need. Our objective was to systematically evaluate the published data on bioprinted articular cartilage with regards to scaffold-based, scaffold-free and in situ cartilage bioprinting. Design We performed a systematic review of studies using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. PubMed and ScienceDirect databases were searched and all articles evaluating the use of 3-dimensional (3D) bioprinting in articular cartilage were included. Inclusion criteria included studies written in or translated to English, published in a peer-reviewed journal, and specifically discussing bioinks and/or bioprinting of living cells related to articular cartilage applications. Review papers, articles in a foreign language, and studies not involving bioprinting of living cells related to articular cartilage applications were excluded. Results Twenty-seven studies for articular cartilage bioprinting were identified that met inclusion and exclusion criteria. The technologies, materials, cell types used in these studies, and the biological and physical properties of the created constructs have been demonstrated. Conclusion These 27 studies have demonstrated 3D bioprinting of articular cartilage to be a tissue engineering strategy that has tremendous potential translational value. The unique abilities of the varied techniques allow replication of mechanical properties and advances toward zonal differentiation. This review demonstrates that bioprinting has great capacity for clinical cartilage reconstruction and future in vivo implantation.
Intra-Articular Tranexamic Acid Injection During the Hip Hemi-Arthroplasty in Elderly Patients: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Liu Wei , Hui Huangdong , Zhang Yunhai , Lin Weilong , Fan Yongqian 
Published: October 2018

Introduction: The objective was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intra-articular injection of tranexamic acid (TXA) in patients between 80 and 100 years of age with femoral neck fracture undergoing hip hemi-arthroplasty (HA). Material and Methods: We conducted a retrospective review to assess perioperative blood loss and transfusion rate after intra-articular injection of TXA during HA. This was a single-center, retrospective, single-surgeon, and standard care cohort study covering the period between January and December 2016. One hundred three consecutive patients undergoing HA under spinal or general anesthesia were included. Fifty-four and 49 patients received and did not receive intra-articular injection of TXA during the HA, respectively. After closing the capsule, 50 mL of a TXA solution at a concentration of 1 g/100 mL of saline was injected into joint capsule. We compared the following outcomes: preoperative hemoglobin (HB) level, postoperative day 1 HB level, postoperative day 3 HB level, the net reduction of HB level by postoperative day 3, transfusion rate, and 30- and 90-day postoperative mortality rates. In addition, we use logistic regression to analyze the factors affecting the transfusion rate. Result: Day 3 postoperative HB level and the net reduction in HB level within 3 days following surgery were 93.22 ± 11.70 g/L and 25.98 ± 6.29 g/L in TXA group, respectively, while were 87.10 ± 10.52 g/L and 35.44±8.61 g/L in no-TXA group. Transfusion rate was 9% (5/54) in TXA group and 24% (12/49) in no-TXA group, respectively. The differences were statistically significant between the both groups. Logistic regression indicated that the topical administration of TXA would reduce the risk for transfusion, while in male diabetes mellitus would increase the risk. There were no significant differences in the deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and mortality rates of 30 and 90 days postoperatively ( P > .05). Discussion: Because of lower systemic absorption and a higher concentration in the wound, topical use of TXA is safer for elderly patients who may have renal or liver dysfunction. TXA at therapeutic concentration does not affect platelet count, platelet aggregation, or coagulation parameters, and is of value in elderly patients who take antiplatelet drug for secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Conclusion: For patients between 80 and 100 years of age with femoral neck fracture undergoing HA, intra-articular injection of TXA may reduce the perioperative blood loss and transfusion rate without increasing risk of thrombosis.
Night-time confinement and the practice of realistic medicine
Authors: Thomson Lindsay 
Published: October 2018

SummaryNight-time confinement is the practice of routinely locking patients in their rooms at night unless there is a contrary clinical indication. It is used in high-secure psychiatric hospitals. This article argues in favour of this practice on the basis of realistic medicine, an individual human rights based approach, the principles of mental health legislation in Scotland and England and cost effectiveness. This is not an academic debate. There is a real danger that those advocating against night-time confinement, if successful, will at best make little difference to the lives of our patients as they sleep, and at worst may hugely impoverish their lives because of reduced daytime activities.Declaration of interestL.T. is Medical Director at The State Hospital. Night-time confinement is used within this setting.
Development and Pilot Testing of a Context-Relevant Safe Anesthesia Checklist for Cesarean Delivery in East Africa
Authors: Alexander Louise A. , Newton Mark W. , McEvoy Kendall G. , Newton Micah J. , Mungai Mary , DiMiceli-Zsigmond Mary , Sileshi Bantayehu , Watkins Scott C. , McEvoy Matthew D. 
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND:
Maternal mortality rate in developing countries is 20 times higher than in developed countries. Detailed reports surrounding maternal deaths have noted an association between substandard management during emergency events and death. In parallel with these findings, there is increasing evidence for cognitive aids as a means to prevent errors during perioperative crises. However, previously published findings are not directly applicable to cesarean delivery in low-income settings. Our hypothesis was that the use of obstetric anesthesia checklists in the management of high-fidelity simulated obstetrical emergency scenarios would improve adherence to best practice guidelines in low- and middle-income countries.

METHODS:
Accordingly, with input from East African health care professionals, we created a context-relevant obstetric anesthesia checklist for cesarean delivery. Second, clinical observations were performed to assess in a real-world setting. Third, a pilot testing of the cognitive aid was undertaken.

RESULTS:
Clinical observation data highlighted significant deficiencies in the management of obstetric emergencies. The use of the cesarean delivery checklist during simulations of peripartum hemorrhage and preeclampsia showed significant improvement in the percentage of completed actions (pretraining 23% ± 6% for preeclampsia and 22% ± 13% for peripartum hemorrhage, posttraining 75% ± 9% for preeclampsia, and 69% ± 9% for peripartum hemorrhage [P < .0001, both scenarios; data as mean ± standard deviation]).

CONCLUSIONS:
We developed, evaluated, and begun implementation of a context-relevant checklist for the management of obstetric crisis in low- and middle-income countries. We demonstrated not only the need for this tool in a real-world setting but also confirmed its potential efficacy through a pilot simulation study.
Limited Search Characteristics of the Scaled Hypersphere Search Method: A Systematic Case Study for Isomers of BCNOS
Authors: Kodaya Yoshitomo , Yamakado Hideo , Ohno Koichi 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Efficiency of the isomer exploration of BCNOS was investigated by limited search techniques using the LADD and NRUN options of the Global Reaction Route Mapping (GRRM) program. LADD specifies the number of Anharmonic Downward Distortions (ADDs), which should be preferentially traced from the largest ADD, and NRUN specifies the number of randomly generated initial structures. When the value of NRUN was fixed and the value of LADD was varied, all relatively stable structures (with respect to the most stable structure) below 300 kJ/mol were explored for LADD=1–3. When the value of LADD was fixed and the value of NRUN was varied, most of the low energy structures were obtained for NRUN=1, and the higher energy structures were complemented for larger NRUN values.