bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, antibacterial, and antibiofilm potential of human autophagy 16 polypeptide and analogues
Authors: Varnava Kyriakos Gabriel , Reynisson Jóhannes , Raghothama Srinivasrao , Sarojini Vijayalekshmi 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis work demonstrates that the human autophagy 16 polypeptide (Atg16) has antibacterial and antibiofilm potential, perturbs both Gram positive and negative bacterial membranes and subsequently also produces ROS in compromised bacteria. Engineered Atg 16 analogues containing 1‐ and 2‐naphthyl alanines showed significant enhancement of antibacterial activity and eradicated biofilms while also possessing negligible hemolysis of mouse erythrocytes. This new family of antibacterial peptides are promising candidates in the fight against bacterial biofilms, responsible for several thousand deaths annually which are predicted to rise into the millions.
Performance of Metarhizium anisopliae‐treated foam in combination with Phytoseiulus longipes Evans against Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard (Acari: Tetranychidae)
Authors: Azandémè Hounmalon Ginette Y , Maniania Nguya K , Niassy Saliou , Fellous Simon , Kreiter Serge , Delétré Emilie , Fiaboe Komi KM , Martin Thibaud 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDTetranychus evansi (Te) is an exotic pest of solanaceous crops in Africa. The predatory mite Phytoseiulus longipes (Pl) and the fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Ma) are potential biocontrol agents of Te. The present study investigated the efficacy of fungus‐treated foam placed above or below the third Te‐infested tomato leaf. The persistence of fungus‐treated foam and the performance of Pl with and without fungus‐treated foam were evaluated.RESULTSThe fungus‐treated foam was effective when Te infestation was below the third tomato leaf as no damage was recorded on any of the upper tomato leaves up to 30 days post‐treatment. However, in the control treatments, the infestation increased considerably from 9 ± 0.3% to 100 ± 0% (mean ± standard error) at 15 days post‐treatment. The reuse of the fungus‐treated foam at 15, 30 and 45 days post‐treatment resulted in 19 ± 1.4%, 25 ± 1.2% and 54 ± 2.1%, respectively, infestation by Te. The fungus‐treated foam and Pl alone were efficient, but there was no benefit to combining them for use against Te.CONCLUSIONThe fungus‐treated foam is an effective method to optimise the use of Ma in screenhouse conditions. These two control agents could be integrated in an integrated pest management strategy for crop protection. However, these results need to be confirmed in large field trials. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Spectroscopical UV–Vis implications of an intramolecular η2–Mg coordination in bacteriochlorophyll–a from the Fenna–Matthews–Olson complex
Authors: Mondragón‐Solórzano Gustavo , Barroso‐Flores Joaquín 
Published: May 2018

AbstractChlorophylls and their related compounds prominently feature a Mg2+ ion in the center of a porphyrine, with an intermolecular fifth coordination usually observed to place the ion out of the macrocyclic plane. Herein, we assess the role of a potential intramolecular η2–(C = C)Mg interaction and compare it to the intermolecular coordination from the Hystidine groupt to Mg2+ for Bacterichlorophyll–a (Bchl–a), the main photosynthetic pigment in the Fenna–Matthews–Olson complex present in green and purple bacteria. The influence of this fifth coordination on the UV‐Vis spectroscopy (CAM‐B3LYP/cc‐pVDZ), and the concomitant change in geometry around Mg in Bchl–a from planar to pyramidal is assessed by the quantum theory of atoms in molecules based non–covalent interactions scheme and through energetic analysis via natural bond orbital population methods at the M06‐2X/cc‐pVDZ and compared to the reference multi–hapto compound, magnesocene, Cp2Mg.
Preparation and Photoelectrocatalytic Performance of Ti/PbO2 Electrodes Modified with Ti4O7
Authors: Li Dunchao , Wang Shuai , Tian Yihua , Ma Hongchao , Ma Chun , Fu Yinghuan , Dong Xiaoli 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe Ti4O7 modified Ti/PbO2 electrodes have been prepared by electrodeposition, and investigated systemically using scanning electron microscope (SEM), Energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS), powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD), photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), and degradation of anthraquinone dye (reactive brilliant blue KN−R: C22H16N2Na2O11S3). It is found that the Ti4O7 modified Ti/PbO2 electrodes possessed smaller PbO2 crystal grains, good porous structure, enhanced oxygen evolution over‐potential and higher electrical conductivity, as compared to that of Ti/PbO2 electrode. Additionally, the Ti4O7 modified Ti/PbO2 electrode exhibited also longer accelerated lifetime, and higher photoelectrocatalytic activity for degradation of anthraquinone dye (reactive brilliant blue KN−R) than that of Ti/PbO2 electrode. The enhancement of the decolorization efficiency and stability for Ti4O7 modified Ti/PbO2 electrodes can be ascribed to the large electrochemical active areas, the presence of photoelectric synergism, rapid separation of photogenerated carriers, inhibition of oxygen precipitation, high current efficiency for formation of hydroxyl radicals, and the weakening of internal stress in PbO2 coatings.
NMR Hyperpolarization of Established PET Tracers
Authors: Braun Manuel , Häseli Sascha , Rösch Frank , Piel Markus , Münnemann Kerstin 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe development of sensitive probes for directly measuring in vivo processes is at the forefront of medical imaging. In the case of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) the detection of a small number of molecules is a major challenge due to its limited sensitivity. This problem can be tackled by hyperpolarization, which increases the NMR signals up to several orders of magnitude. In this contribution NMR hyperpolarization of non‐radioactive counterparts of two well‐established positron emission tomography (PET) tracers, namely O‐(2‐[18F]fluoroethyl)‐l‐tyrosine ([18F]FET) and [18F]fallypride ([18F]FP), via para‐hydrogen induced polarization (PHIP), to investigate oncological and neurological questions is demonstrated. Significant 1H/13C NMR signal enhancements of several thousand were achieved for both tracers. Partial deuteration of the 13C‐labeled [18F]FET analog resulted in T1 times up to ∼36 s. Hence, this molecule is a candidate for an MRI contrast agent, allowing follow‐up MRI examinations with close succession in time.
Hydrotreatment of 2‐Methoxyphenol over High Ni‐Loaded Sol‐Gel Catalysts: The Influence of Mo on Catalyst Activity and Reaction Pathways
Authors: Alekseeva (Bykova) Maria V. , Rekhtina Margarita A. , Lebedev Maxim Y. , Zavarukhin Sergey G. , Kaichev Vasily V. , Venderbosch Robertus H. , Yakovlev Vadim A. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractMo (content ranging from 0 to 18.8 wt%) is used as an additive in Ni‐containing sol‐gel derived catalysts NiCuMo/SiO2 for the hydrotreatment of guaiacol as a model compound in biomass derived pyrolysis liquids. The catalysts had a high Ni loading, from 39 to 51 wt%, promoted by copper with an atomic ratio Cu/Ni close to 0.12. The experiments were done in autoclave at 320 °C, at a hydrogen pressure of 9 MPa. Addition of molybdenum results in an increase in activity of the catalyst, accompanied with an increase in selectivity towards the deoxygenation reactions. This is attributed to the formation of solid solutions NiMo(Cu) and 4+ and 5+ charge states of Mo on the catalyst surface. Moreover, an increased mean metal particles size is observed at higher Mo loading, due to the weakening of the interaction between the active component (Ni) and the stabilizer (SiO2) in the presence of Mo.
Facile Synthesis of a New Class of Pyrazolone Attached Chromene Derivatives Showing Good Binding with β‐Lactoglobulin
Authors: Guha Chayan , Sepay Nayim , Mallik Sumitava , Mallik Asok K. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA new class of compounds having both chromene and pyrazolone moieties in the structural motif has been developed starting from 2‐hydroxychalcones and pyrazolones using amberlyst‐15 as a heterogeneous catalyst. The methodology involves a domino sequence of Michael addition, cyclisation, dehydration and aerial oxidation. Most of the compounds thus synthesised show good binding with the carrier protein β‐lactoglobulin. Molecular docking study of the compound showing best binding with the protein has been carried out.
Gold‐Palladium‐Alloy‐Catalyst Loaded UiO‐66‐NH2 for Reductive Amination with Nitroarenes Exhibiting High Selectivity
Authors: Yin Dongdong , Li Chuang , Ren Hangxing , Liu Jinxuan , Liang Changhai 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAu−Pd alloy catalysts were successfully loaded into amine‐functionalized metal‐organic framework (MOF, UiO‐66‐NH2) via direct absorption/reduction method. The existence of Pd in the alloy was revealed by using in situ fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) with CO as probe molecules. The X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results demonstrated the Au−Pd alloys were well dispersed within the robust UiO‐66‐NH2. Au−Pd alloy nanoparticles with low Pd content were well dispersed within UiO‐66‐NH2 and exhibited high stability and selectivity for N‐benzylaniline (98%) in the direct reductive amination with benzaldehyde and nitrobenzene.
Molybdenum Carbide Catalysts for Chemoselective Transfer Hydrogenation of Nitroarenes
Authors: Liu Zhaoyong , Wang Xueguang , Zou Xiujing , Lu Xionggang 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe catalytic transfer hydrogenation of nitroarenes to corresponding amines is an important organic synthesis method in the process of industrial production. Molybdenum carbide catalysts were prepared by temperature‐programmed reduction of the as‐prepared molybdenum trioxide in the flowing 20% CH4/H2 and exhibited excellent catalytic performance for the reduction of nitroarenes under mild conditions. In spite of the presence of halogens and reducible substituents, the catalysts also deliver high chemoselectivity (>99%) for transformation nitroarenes to corresponding amines. The Cycling tests of molybdenum carbide catalysts demonstrated that it is highly stable and could easily be recovered by simple filtration for at least eight recycling reactions without decrease of catalytic activity and chemoselectivity.
An examination of the effects of venture capitalists on the alliance formation activity of entrepreneurial firms
Authors: Blevins Dane P. , Ragozzino Roberto 
Published: May 2018

Research Summary: Alliances offer benefits such as access to capital, knowledge, and markets. Yet, due to their lack of legitimacy, entrepreneurial firms find it challenging to engage in alliances. Thus, it is important to examine which factors may drive alliance formation for entrepreneurial firms. We examine whether the presence of venture capitalists (VCs) is such a factor. Whereas current research suffers from endogeneity concerns that make the comparison of VC‐ and non‐VC‐backed firms problematic, our empirical design reduces this problem. Overall, we find that the presence of a VC and a VC's experience with taking firms public are positively associated with entrepreneurial firms’ alliance formation, and that VCs are more active in forming an alliance when the exit outcome is an acquisition, rather than going public.Managerial Summary: Alliances can be of fundamental importance to the growth of entrepreneurial firms. However, because entrepreneurial firms hold limited resources, their access to alliances may be limited. We study whether entrepreneurial firms backed by venture capitalists (VCs) are more likely to enter into alliances than firms without VC backing. A major problem with this sort of analysis is that VCs may cherry pick the best firms, which in turn are more likely to engage in alliances to begin with, irrespective of VCs. Accordingly, we control for the quality of funded firms, and therefore, isolate the VCs’ contribution to alliance formation. In doing so, we find support for the importance of the role VCs play in entrepreneurial firms’ alliance formations.
Carnian (Late Triassic) conodont faunas from south‐western China and their implications
Authors: Zhang Zaitian , Sun Yadong , Lai Xulong , Wignall Paul B. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractConodonts are important index fossils for supra‐regional correlation especially in the Triassic. However, early Carnian conodonts are comparatively poorly known in South China. In this study, conodont biostratigraphy and taxonomy are investigated at three sections in the provinces of Yunnan and Guizhou. Two genera and 23 species are identified, including 4 new species: Quadralella (Q.) postica sp. nov., Q. robusta sp. nov., Q. wignalli sp. nov. and Q. yongningensis sp. nov. Five conodont zones are recognized. They are, in ascending order, the Paragondolella foliata Zone, Q. polygnathiformis Zone, Q. praelindae Zone, Q. aff. auriformis Zone and Q. robusta Zone. Conodonts are reasonably diverse and abundant in the upper Zhuganpo Formation (Julian 1) but decrease sharply in both species richness and diversity towards the Wayao Formation (Julian 2 and younger). It is most likely that this change was caused by climate warming and marine anoxia during the Carnian Humid Episode.
A new placodont from the Upper Triassic of Spain provides new insights on the acquisition of the specialized skull of Henodontidae
Authors: de Miguel Chaves Carlos , Ortega Francisco , Pérez‐García Adán 
Published: May 2018

AbstractHenodus chelyops Huene is considered to be a highly autapomorphic cyamodontoid placodont with specialized trophic adaptations relative to all the other members of Placodontia. It has been exclusively found in the Carnian (Upper Triassic) of Tübingen (Germany). Here we present a partial skull identified as a new cyamodontoid placodont from the Upper Triassic of El Atance (Guadalajara Province, Spain), Parahenodus atancensis gen. et sp. nov. It is recognized as the sister taxon of H. chelyops, both taxa composing the clade Henodontidae. An emended diagnosis for H. chelyops and Henodontidae is given here. Parahenodus atancensis shares with H. chelyops several cranial characters considered until now to be autapomorphic for the latter, but it also retains some states common in most cyamodontoids. Thus, the discovery of P. atancensis provides new information on the acquisition process of the highly specialized skull of the Henodontidae.
Textual analysis of defects in engineering documentation via systematic decision execution
Authors: Smoots Gregory C. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis paper focuses on the Requirements Engineering process's vital role during systems development as the preparatory point and critical foundation of Systems Engineering. This paper proposes a framework for structuring decisions, based upon the INCOSE Decision Management Process that improves decisions early in the System Life Cycle. This paper introduces and applies the Nexus Engineering Execution Generation (NEX GEN) framework, a novel and unique capability to improve requirements by enabling a prediction of their impact on expected systems’ performance to gain efficiencies in budget and acquisition. Using this framework defines requirements in a quantitative manner to determine documented requirement issues. Regression analysis indicated a statistically significant relationship between the predictor variable of ambiguity (linguistic quality attribute) and the response variable of system performance (usability metric). This study provides a framework and metrics as a complementary method for the development of requirements in a theoretical manner for the reflective practitioner. This framework is demonstrated through multiple federal system program case studies.
Model‐based architecture and programmatic optimization for satellite system‐of‐systems architectures
Authors: LaSorda Michael , Borky John M. , Sega Ronald M. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis paper presents a new approach to architecture optimization for an enterprise or System of Systems (SoS) with the goal of enhancing individual system acquisition programs and the operational effectiveness of the enterprise as a whole. Replacing the current common practice of utilizing one or two technical parameters serially to evaluate candidate architectures is a better method that employs a fuller set of technical and programmatic variables in a Model‐Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) context. Integrated architecture modelling and optimization is performed in a tool‐supported MBSE process to identify an optimum architecture solution. This specifically addresses the predesign phases of a system acquisition program where leverage on total program cost is the greatest. We seek to improve the ability to deal with challenges such as management independence, technical diversity, and lack of synchronization across the programs involved in a SoS. This implementation results in a higher quality optimization with a more informed, and traceable selection decision. An example satellite communications SoS case study is used to develop the approach and highlight its utility.
Einleitung
Authors: Meier Friedhelm , Harney Anke , Rhiem Kerstin , Neumann Anja , Neusser Silke , Braun Matthias , Wasem Jürgen , Schmutzler Rita , Huster Stefan , Dabrock Peter 
Published: May 2018

Zusammenfassung
Die Einleitung skizziert die medizinische Entwicklung und konturiert Problem und Inhalt der vorliegenden Governance Perspective.
Wie können Leistungsansprüche von Personen mit hohen und moderaten Risiken geregelt werden?
Authors: Meier Friedhelm , Harney Anke , Rhiem Kerstin , Neumann Anja , Neusser Silke , Braun Matthias , Wasem Jürgen , Schmutzler Rita , Huster Stefan , Dabrock Peter 
Published: May 2018

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Kapitel wird zunächst ein heuristisches Modell für die sozialrechtliche Berücksichtigung von Personen mit hohen und moderaten (Brustkrebs-)Risiken skizziert. Anschließend wird gezeigt, dass die gegebenen Rechtskategorien einen Leistungsanspruch für prophylaktische Maßnahmen bei Vorliegen einer genetischen Disposition nicht adäquat abbilden können. Mit der ‚risikoadaptierten Prävention‘ wird hier ein neuer Rechtsbegriff eingeführt, welcher diese Steuerungslücke im Sozialrecht schließen kann.
Welchen Risikokollektiven gilt die Regelung sozialrechtlicher Leistungsansprüche anhand der ‚risikoadaptierten Prävention‘?
Authors: Meier Friedhelm , Harney Anke , Rhiem Kerstin , Neumann Anja , Neusser Silke , Braun Matthias , Wasem Jürgen , Schmutzler Rita , Huster Stefan , Dabrock Peter 
Published: May 2018

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Kapitel werden Kriterien angedacht, die eine Unterscheidung von Personen mit interventionsfordernden und nicht-interventionsfordernden Risiken ermöglichen.
Welche prophylaktischen Maßnahmen sollen welchem individuellen Risiko zugeordnet werden (Allokationskriterien)?
Authors: Meier Friedhelm , Harney Anke , Rhiem Kerstin , Neumann Anja , Neusser Silke , Braun Matthias , Wasem Jürgen , Schmutzler Rita , Huster Stefan , Dabrock Peter 
Published: May 2018

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Kapitel wird angezeigt, welche Elemente zur Entwicklung von Allokationskriterien zu berücksichtigen sind. Zudem wird mit zwei allgemeinen Definitionen ein Rahmen zur Bildung von Allokationskriterien abgesteckt.
The relationship of mammal survivorship and body mass modeled by metabolic and vitality theories
Authors: Anderson James J. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA model describes the relationship between mammal body mass and survivorship by combining replicative senescence theory postulating a cellular basis of aging, metabolic theory relating metabolism to body mass, and vitality theory relating survival to vitality loss and extrinsic mortality. In the combined framework, intrinsic mortality results from replicative senescence of the hematopoietic stem cells and extrinsic mortality results from environmental challenges. Because the model expresses the intrinsic and extrinsic rates with different powers of body mass, across the spectrum of mammals, survivorship changes from Type I to Type II curve shapes with decreasing body mass. Fitting the model to body mass and maximum lifespan data of 494 nonvolant mammals yields allometric relationships of body mass to the vitality parameters, from which full survivorship profiles were generated from body mass alone. Because maximum lifespan data is predominantly derived from captive populations, the generated survivorship curves were dominated by intrinsic mortality. Comparison of the mass‐derived and observed survivorship curves provides insights into how specific populations deviate from the aggregate of populations observed under captivity.
Growing and Learning When Consumption Is Seasonal: Long-Term Evidence From Tanzania
Authors: Christian Paul , Dillon Brian 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This article shows that the seasonality of food consumption during childhood, conditional on average consumption, affects long-run human capital development. We develop a model that distinguishes differences in average consumption levels, seasonal fluctuations, and idiosyncratic shocks, and estimate the model using panel data from early 1990s Tanzania. We then test whether the mean and seasonality of a child’s consumption profile affect height and educational attainment in 2010. Results show that the negative effects of greater seasonality are 30 % to 60 % of the magnitudes of the positive effects of greater average consumption. Put differently, children expected to have identical human capital based on annualized consumption measures will have substantially different outcomes if one child’s consumption is more seasonal. We discuss implications for measurement and policy.
Numerical analysis of thermal deformation and residual stress in automotive muffler by MIG welding
Authors: Lee S.H. , Kim E.S. , Park J.Y. , Choi J. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
In the automotive industry, metal inert gas (MIG) of welding technology is widely used for automotive muffler fabrication. However, the muffler is distorted by thermal deformation during the welding process. In this paper, the prediction of MIG welding-induced deformation and residual stress are simulated by SYSWELD software. The cross-section shapes of the molten pool predicted by the numerical analysis are compared to the experimental results. In the results of the stress, while compressive stresses are produced in regions away from the weld, high tensile stresses are produced in regions near the weld. Deformation values are calculated as 2.5 mm. The location of the actual welding deformation was similar to the experimental results. Based on the results, the methods to optimize the welding procedure will be provided by SYSWELD to improve muffler productivity.
Highlights The prediction of MIG welding-induced deformation and residual stress are simulated by SYSWELD software. The cross-section shapes of the molten pool predicted by the numerical analysis are compared to the experimental results. The location of the actual welding deformation are similar to the experimental results. Based on the results, the methods will be provided by SYSWELD to improve muffler productivity.