bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Portrait de la pratique évaluative des troubles du comportement des psychoéducateurs dans les écoles primaires au Québec
Authors: Bégin Jean-Yves , Massé Line , Couture Caroline , Villeneuve Madeleine 
Published: June 2018

En milieu scolaire, le psychoéducateur est appelé à jouer un rôle clef dans l’évaluation des difficultés d’adaptation vécues par les élèves, notamment sur le plan comportemental. À l’heure actuelle, peu d’informations sont disponibles sur ce que font les psychoéducateurs lorsqu’ils mènent une évaluation dans le cadre de leur fonction. Cette étude descriptive vise donc à dresser un portrait de la pratique évaluative des psychoéducateurs dans les écoles primaires au Québec en considérant les différences pouvant exister selon leur niveau de formation universitaire et leur région d’appartenance. Le devis de recherche mixte allie des données provenant de six groupes de discussion (n total de participants = 34), d’entrevues téléphoniques (n = 21) et des données issues de questionnaires (N = 159). Les résultats indiquent que la pratique évaluative des psychoéducateurs est somme toute homogène en considérant le niveau de formation et la région d’appartenance. De plus, ils démontrent que les psychoéducateurs rapportent avoir une pratique évaluative qui correspond d’assez près aux recommandations de pratiques dans le domaine de l’évaluation en milieu scolaire. Enfin, les résultats mettent en lumière les besoins des psychoéducateurs et les contraintes auxquels ils font face en exercice par rapport à l’évaluation et qui peuvent être causés par des enjeux d’identité professionnelle.
Cytotoxic effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles on cyanobacteriumSpirulina (Arthrospira) platensis
Authors: Djearamane Sinouvassane , Lim Yang Mooi , Wong Ling Shing , Lee Poh Foong 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundThe extensive usage of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in industrial and consumer products raises the risk of releasing their residues into the aquatic environment. The presence of ZnO NPs in the aquatic environment could potentially cause cytotoxic effects on aquatic organisms. Thus, investigating the cytotoxic effects of ZnO NPs on microalgae, which form the base for the food web of aquatic biota, is essential to gain information regarding the ecotoxicological effects of metallic oxide nanoparticles in the aquatic ecosystem. Therefore, the present study has investigated in detail the assorted cytotoxic effects of ZnO NPs onS. platensisusing various concentrations of ZnO NPs (10–200 mg/L) from 6 to 96 h to explore the dose- and time-dependent cytotoxic effects.MethodsThe cytotoxic effects were all assessed through quantification of loss in cell viability, reduction in biomass and decrease in photosynthetic pigments such as chlorophyll-a, carotenoids and phycocyanin. The surface interactions of nanoparticles and the subsequent morphological alterations on algal cells were examined by optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The intracellular alterations of algal cells were studied using transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) spectrum was obtained to investigate the involvement of algal surface biomolecules in surface binding of ZnO NPs on algal cells.ResultsThe treatment of ZnO NPs onS. platensisexhibited a typical concentration- and time-dependent cytotoxicity. Results showed a significant (p < 0.05) cytotoxicity from 24 h onwards for all tested concentrations of ZnO NPs. The maximum cytotoxicity on algal cells was achieved at 96 h of exposure to ZnO NPs. In comparison with control, the algal cells that interacted with 200 mg/L of ZnO NPs for 96 h showed 87.3 ± 1% loss in cell viability, 76.1 ± 1.7% reduction in algal biomass, 92.5 ± 2.2%, 76.2 ± 2.2% and 74.1 ± 3.4% decrease in chlorophyll-a, carotenoids and phycocyanin contents respectively. Our study confirmed the cytotoxicity of ZnO NPs through the algal growth inhibition with 72 h EC10and EC50values of 1.29 and 31.56 mg/L, respectively. The microscopic examinations of the algal cells that interacted with ZnO NPs showed severe cell membrane and intracellular damage. The SEM EDX spectrum of ZnO NPs treated algal biomass evidenced the surface accumulation of zinc in the biomass. Finally, the FTIR spectrum confirmed the involvement of amino, hydroxyl and carboxylic groups of algal cell wall in the surface interaction of ZnO NPs on the algal cells.DiscussionThe results showed that the treatment of ZnO NPs onS. platensistriggered substantial cytotoxicity and caused cell death. Hence,S. platensiscould be potentially used as a bioindicator for testing toxicity of ZnO NPs in aquatic environment.
Comparing the biomechanical characteristics between squat and standing serves in female table tennis athletes
Authors: Yu Changxiao , Shao Shirui , Baker Julien S. , Gu Yaodong 
Published: June 2018

Background
The table tennis serve involves complex spatial movements combined with biomechanial characteristics. Although the differences in lower-limb biomechanial characteristics to a great extent influence the translational and spinning velocity of the ball when using the different styles of table tennis serve, few researchers have studied their mechanics. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the differences in lower-limb activity between the squat and standing serves during a table tennis short serve.

Methods
Ten advanced female table tennis participants performed a squat serve and standing serve in random order. A Vicon motion analysis system and a Novel Pedar insole plantar pressure measurement system were used to record kinematics and kinetics data, respectively.

Results
Key findings from the study were that the squat serve not only showed significantly larger hip and knee flexion, as well as ankle dorsiflexion, it also showed significantly larger hip adduction and external knee rotation, with larger changing angular rate of the lower limb joints in the sagittal and the transverse planes when the two serving styles were compared. In addition, the force-time integral (FTI) was higher in the rear foot area for the standing serve.

Discussion
The results demonstrated that the squat serve needs higher lower limb drive during a table tennis short serve compared with a standing serve. These biomechanical considerations may be beneficial for table tennis athletes and coaches as a method of optimizing performance characteristics during both competition and training.
Exploring constructs of well-being, happiness and quality of life
Authors: Medvedev Oleg N. , Landhuis C. Erik 
Published: June 2018

Background
Existing definitions of happiness, subjective well-being, and quality of life suggest conceptual overlap between these constructs. This study explored the relationship between these well-being constructs by applying widely used measures with satisfactory psychometric properties.

Materials and Methods
University students (n = 180) completed widely used well-being measures including the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ), the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, and the Positive and Negative Affect Scale. We analyzed the data using correlation, regression, and exploratory factor analysis.

Results
All included well-being measures demonstrated high loadings on the global well-being construct that explains about 80% of the variance in the OHQ, the psychological domain of Quality of Life and subjective well-being. The results show high positive correlations between happiness, psychological and health domains of quality of life, life satisfaction, and positive affect. Social and environmental domains of quality of life were poor predictors of happiness and subjective well-being after controlling for psychological quality of life.

Conclusion
Together, these data provide support for a global well-being dimension and interchangeable use of terms happiness, subjective well-being, and psychological quality of life with the current sample and measures. Further investigation with larger heterogeneous samples and other well-being measures is warranted.
Occupational health and safety characteristics of agricultural workers in Adana, Turkey: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Okyay Ramazan Azim , Tanır Ferdi , Ağaoğlu Pelin Mutlu 
Published: June 2018

Background
Among agricultural workers, especially in the seasonal migratory ones, housing and hygiene related issues, occupational accidents, low levels of education, poverty and absence of social security problems emerge as significant public health problems. This study aims to compare migrant-seasonal workers (MSWs) and resident agricultural workers (RAWs) in terms of socio-demographic characteristics and occupational health and safety in Adana, one of Turkey’s most important agricultural cities.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted on RAWs and MSWs, aged 15–65, operating in the province of Adana. The calculated sample sizes for both MSWs and RAWs were distributed using stratified simple random sampling to five districts of Adana.

Results
The mean age of the 798 participating agricultural workers was 34.6 ± 14.2. Of the RAWs, 78.8% and of the MSWs 57.0% were male; 5.8% of RAWs and 32.8% of MSWs were illiterate. The mean number of people in the households of the participating workers was 5.1 for RAWs and 6.6 for MSWs. Of the RAWs, 20.5% were not covered by any social security scheme while this percentage was 35.1% in MSWs. RAWs worked 9.9 h a day while MSWs worked 10.9 h a day. Of the agricultural workers, 12.9% had injuries caused by occupational accidents.

Discussion
Agricultural workers, who are a large part of Turkey’s economically active population, do not have healthy and safe working conditions. New regulations in the fields of social security, record keeping, monitoring, supervision, education and occupational health have been implemented recently to solve these problems. Despite the recent improvements there are still some problematic issues in the auditing of the necessary practices.
N-acetylcysteine protects against motor, optomotor and morphological deficits induced by 6-OHDA in zebrafish larvae
Authors: Benvenutti Radharani , Marcon Matheus , Reis Carlos G. , Nery Laura R. , Miguel Camila , Herrmann Ana P. , Vianna Monica R.M. , Piato Angelo 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundParkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. In addition to its highly debilitating motor symptoms, non-motor symptoms may precede their motor counterparts by many years, which may characterize a prodromal phase of PD. A potential pharmacological strategy is to introduce neuroprotective agents at an earlier stage in order to prevent further neuronal death.N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has been used against paracetamol overdose hepatotoxicity by restoring hepatic concentrations of glutathione (GSH), and as a mucolytic in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by reducing disulfide bonds in mucoproteins. It has been shown to be safe for humans at high doses. More recently, several studies have evidenced that NAC has a multifaceted mechanism of action, presenting indirect antioxidant effect by acting as a GSH precursor, besides its anti-inflammatory and neurotrophic effects. Moreover, NAC modulates glutamate release through activation of the cystine-glutamate antiporter in extra-synaptic astrocytes. Its therapeutic benefits have been demonstrated in clinical trials for several neuropsychiatric conditions but has not been tested in PD models yet.MethodsIn this study, we evaluated the potential of NAC to prevent the damage induced by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) on motor, optomotor and morphological parameters in a PD model in larval zebrafish.ResultsNAC was able to prevent the motor deficits (total distance, mean speed, maximum acceleration, absolute turn angle and immobility time), optomotor response impairment and morphological alterations (total length and head length) caused by exposure to 6-OHDA, which reinforce and broaden the relevance of its neuroprotective effects.DiscussionNAC acts in different targets relevant to PD pathophysiology. Further studies and clinical trials are needed to assess this agent as a candidate for prevention and adjunctive treatment of PD.
A Description of a Noninvasive Surgical Training Pathway Using Translational Tools to Teach Intracoelomic Implantation of Acoustic Transmitters in Fish
Authors: Brosnan Ian G. , Williams Wendy O. , Sanders George E. , McGarry Louise P. , Greene Charles H. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Researchers engaged in surgical implantation of acoustic transmitters into fish must receive adequate and appropriate training to ensure the welfare of their subjects and the quality of the data collected. Increasingly, researchers are being encouraged to partner with veterinarians to improve training and to consider the principles of animal welfare in training. Here, we describe a five-stage training pathway, including implementation of new training tools (the Translational Training Tools and field certification), that was developed collaboratively by researchers and veterinarians and addresses the “three Rs” of animal welfare in the context of surgical training. The three Rs include animal replacement, reduction of the number of animals used, and refinement of techniques to decrease or eliminate pain or distress. The Translational Training Tools, described in the context of the training pathway, use tools as replacement models during training to reduce the number of animals used and allow for refinement of surgical skills prior to working on live animals. The purpose of this paper is to document the Translational Training Tools and the training pathway, which will be useful in developing de novo protocols for review by Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees and similar bodies.
Layered P2‐Type K0.65Fe0.5Mn0.5O2 Microspheres as Superior Cathode for High‐Energy Potassium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Deng Tao , Fan Xiulin , Chen Ji , Chen Long , Luo Chao , Zhou Xiuquan , Yang Junhe , Zheng Shiyou , Wang Chunsheng 
Published: May 2018

AbstractPotassium‐ion batteries have been regarded as the potential alternatives to lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) due to the low cost, earth abundance, and low potential of K (−2.936 vs standard hydrogen electrode (SHE)). However, the lack of low‐cost cathodes with high energy density and long cycle life always limits its application. In this work, high‐energy layered P2‐type hierarchical K0.65Fe0.5Mn0.5O2 (P2‐KFMO) microspheres, assembled by the primary nanoparticles, are fabricated via a modified solvent‐thermal method. Benefiting from the unique microspheres with primary nanoparticles, the K+ intercalation/deintercalation kinetics of P2‐KFMO is greatly enhanced with a stabilized cathodic electrolyte interphase on the cathode. The P2‐KFMO microsphere presents a highly reversible potassium storage capacity of 151 mAh g−1 at 20 mA g−1, fast rate capability of 103 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1, and long cycling stability with 78% capacity retention after 350 cycles. A full cell with P2‐KFMO microspheres as cathode and hard carbon as anode is constructed, which exhibits long‐term cycling stability (>80% of retention after 100 cycles). The present high‐performance P2‐KFMO microsphere cathode synthesized using earth‐abundant elements provides a new cost‐effective alternative to LIBs for large‐scale energy storage.
Dynamic Photoswitching of Electron Energy Levels at Hybrid ZnO/Organic Photochromic Molecule Junctions
Authors: Wang Qiankun , Ligorio Giovanni , Diez‐Cabanes Valentin , Cornil David , Kobin Björn , Hildebrandt Jana , Nardi Marco Vittorio , Timpel Melanie , Hecht Stefan , Cornil Jérôme , List‐Kratochvil Emil J. W. , Koch Norbert 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe functionality of interfaces in hybrid inorganic/organic (opto)electronic devices is determined by the alignment of the respective frontier energy levels at both sides of the heterojunctions. Controlling the interface electronic landscape is a key element for achieving favourable level alignment for energy and charge transfer processes. Here, it is shown that the electronic properties of polar ZnO surfaces can be reversibly modified using organic photochromic switches. By employing a range of surface characterization techniques combined with density functional theory calculations, it is demonstrated that self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) of photochromic phosphonic acid diarylethenes (PA‐DAEs) can be employed to reversibly change the electronic properties of polar ZnO/SAM structures by light stimuli. The highest occupied molecular orbital level of PA‐DAE is raised by 0.7 eV and the lowest unoccupied one lowered by 0.9 eV, respectively, upon illumination by ultraviolet light and the levels shift back to their original position upon illumination by green light. The results thus provide a pathway to tailor hybrid interface electronic properties in a dynamic manner upon simple light illumination, which can be exploited to reversibly tune the electrical properties of photoswitchable (opto)electronic devices.
Natural Biomaterials for Corneal Tissue Engineering, Repair, and Regeneration
Authors: Palchesko Rachelle N. , Carrasquilla Santiago D. , Feinberg Adam W. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractCorneal blindness is a major cause of vision loss, estimated to affect over 10 million people worldwide. Once impaired through clouding or shape change, the best treatment option for restoring vision is corneal transplantation using full or partial thickness cadaveric grafts. However, donor corneas are globally limited and face rejection and graft failure, similar to other transplanted organs. Thus, there is a need for viable alternatives to donor corneas in order to increase supply, reduce rejection, and to minimize variability in tissue quality. To address this, researchers have developed new materials and strategies to tissue engineer full or partial thickness cornea grafts in order to repair, regenerate, or replace the diseased cornea. This progress report first reviews the anatomy and physiology of the cornea to frame the biological requirements and discuss the injuries and diseases that necessitate the need fortransplantation, as well as the requirements for a suitable donor tissue alternative. This is followed by recent progress using naturally derived biomaterials including silk, collagen, amniotic membranes, and decellularized corneas. Finally, remaining challenges in the field as they relate to the biomaterials discussed are identified, and the future research directions that should result in further advances in restoring corneal vision are highlighted.
EGaIn‐Assisted Room‐Temperature Sintering of Silver Nanoparticles for Stretchable, Inkjet‐Printed, Thin‐Film Electronics
Authors: Tavakoli Mahmoud , Malakooti Mohammad H. , Paisana Hugo , Ohm Yunsik , Green Marques Daniel , Alhais Lopes Pedro , Piedade Ana P. , de Almeida Anibal T. , Majidi Carmel 
Published: May 2018

AbstractCoating inkjet‐printed traces of silver nanoparticle (AgNP) ink with a thin layer of eutectic gallium indium (EGaIn) increases the electrical conductivity by six‐orders of magnitude and significantly improves tolerance to tensile strain. This enhancement is achieved through a room‐temperature “sintering” process in which the liquid‐phase EGaIn alloy binds the AgNP particles (≈100 nm diameter) to form a continuous conductive trace. Ultrathin and hydrographically transferrable electronics are produced by printing traces with a composition of AgNP‐Ga‐In on a 5 µm‐thick temporary tattoo paper. The printed circuit is flexible enough to remain functional when deformed and can support strains above 80% with modest electromechanical coupling (gauge factor ≈1). These mechanically robust thin‐film circuits are well suited for transfer to highly curved and nondevelopable 3D surfaces as well as skin and other soft deformable substrates. In contrast to other stretchable tattoo‐like electronics, the low‐cost processing steps introduced here eliminate the need for cleanroom fabrication and instead requires only a commercial desktop printer. Most significantly, it enables functionalities like “electronic tattoos” and 3D hydrographic transfer that have not been previously reported with EGaIn or EGaIn‐based biphasic electronics.
Dual Role of Vinyl Sulfonamides as N‐Nucleophiles and Michael Acceptors in the Enantioselective Synthesis of Bicyclic δ‐Sultams
Authors: Mulet Cristina , Escolano Marcos , Llopis Sebastián , Sanz Sergio , Ramírez de Arellano Carmen , Sánchez‐Roselló María , Fustero Santos , del Pozo Carlos 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA new methodology for the synthesis of enantiomerically enriched bicyclic δ‐sultams is described, involving an initial organocatalytic intramolecular aza‐Michael reaction of vinyl sulfonamides bearing a conjugated ketone at a remote position. The resulting Michael adducts were then subjected to an intramolecular conjugate addition over the vinyl sulfone moiety, thus rendering the final bicyclic sultams containing two stereocenters. The key point of this strategy relies on the use of vinyl sulfonamides as both, nitrogen nucleophiles and Michael acceptors. The use of phosphazene‐derived bases avoided the racemization of the intermediate derivatives, rendering 6‐membered ring bicyclic δ‐sultams in enantiomerically enriched manner with a small erosion of enantiopurity. Anyway, after recrystallization, final sultams were obtained in almost enantiomerically pure form. Nevertheless, the enantioselective synthesis of either 5‐membered ring products or benzofused derivatives was found to be out of the scope of our strategy.magnified image
Improved Processability and Efficiency of Colloidal Quantum Dot Solar Cells Based on Organic Hole Transport Layers
Authors: Aqoma Havid , Mubarok Muhibullah Al , Lee Wooseop , Hadmojo Wisnu Tantyo , Park Cheolwoo , Ahn Tae Kyu , Ryu Du Yeol , Jang Sung‐Yeon 
Published: May 2018

AbstractHigh‐efficiency solid‐state‐ligand‐exchange (SSE) step‐free colloidal quantum dot photovoltaic (CQDPV) devices are developed by employing CQD ink based active layers and organic (Polythieno[3,4‐b]‐thiophene‐co‐benzodithiophene (PTB7) and poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT)) based hole transport layers (HTLs). The device using PTB7 as an HTL exhibits superior performance to that using the current leading organic HTL, P3HT, because of favorable energy levels, higher hole mobility, and facilitated interfacial charge transfer. The PTB7 based device achieves power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.60%, which is the highest among reported CQDPVs using organic HTLs. This result is also comparable to the PCE of an optimized device based on a thiol‐exchanged p‐type CQD, the current‐state‐of‐the‐art HTL. From the viewpoint of device processing, the fabrication of CQDPVs is achieved by direct single‐coating of CQD active layers and organic HTLs at low temperature without SSE steps. The experimental results and device simulation results in this work suggest that further engineering of organic HTL materials can open new doors to improve the performance and processing of CQDPVs.
Objective Realism and Joint Measurability in Quantum Many Copies
Authors: Bednorz Adam 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn the standard quantum theory, one can measure precisely only a subset of the incompatible observables. It results in lack of a formal joint probability defining objective realism even if we accept nonlocal or certain faster‐than‐light interactions. Here, a construction of such realism extending the usual single‐copy description to many copies, partially analogous to familiar many worlds, is proposed. Failure of the standard single copy can be easily looked for experimentally. The copies should interact weakly at the macroscopic level, leading to effective collapse to a single identical pointer state. Experimental evidence for this conjecture could be obtained by detecting incomplete collapse in sequential measurements or finding deviations from the single‐copy Born rule when observing simple quantum systems.