bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Saving sevoflurane: Automated gas control can reduce consumption of anesthetic vapor by one‐third in pediatric anesthesia
Authors: Moran Peter , Barr David , Holmes Chris 
Published: January 2019

SummaryBackgroundMany modern anesthetic machines offer automated control of anesthetic vapor. The user simply sets a desired end‐tidal concentration and the machine will manipulate the vaporizer and gas flow rates to obtain and maintain the preset target. Greater efficiency, and more accurate delivery of anesthetic vapor have been documented across multiple machines within the adult setting however, there is little evidence for their use in children.AimsThe aim of this study was to compare the consumption of sevoflurane using the Maquet Flow‐i anesthesia machine (Maquet, Solna, Sweden) in automatic gas control mode vs manual mode in pediatric anesthesia. The primary outcome measure is rate of sevoflurane use.MethodData logs were collected from our three Maquet Flow‐i anesthesia machines over a 4‐week period. We compared the rate of sevoflurane use when in manual mode vs cases where the automatic gas control mode was used. We also examined each automatic gas control case to determine whether percentage of anesthesia time in this mode correlated significantly with average rate of sevoflurane consumption.ResultsSevoflurane was the primary anesthetic used in 220 cases, comprising over 230 hours of anesthesia time. Of these, 36 cases were identified as automatic gas control cases and 184 as manual cases. Consumption of sevoflurane liquid in mL/min was significantly lower in automatic gas control cases (median 0.46, IQR 0.32‐0.72 mL/min for automatic gas control; median 0.82, IQR 0.62‐1.17 mL/min for manual; P < 0.001 by Wilcoxon Rank Sum test). For a case of median duration (49 minutes), average rate of sevoflurane liquid consumption was 0.54 mL/min for automatic gas control cases vs 0.81 mL/min for manual cases, a reduction of 33% (bootstrapped 95% CI 0.21‐0.61 mL/min, P < 0.001).ConclusionMaquet's Flow‐i automatic gas control mode reduced use of sevoflurane an average of one‐third in a pediatric anesthesia setting.
Why you do what you do: The power in knowing and naming pedagogies
Authors: Gin Deborah H.C. , Hearn Mark Chung 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis article is for those educators who want to become more intentional in their craft of teaching. The authors introduce eight different pedagogies through their historical lineage, intending for readers to gain an appreciation for, and understanding of, the broader trajectory of educational philosophies, and illustrate how common teaching techniques can be shaped by the pedagogies. By familiarizing themselves with a specific educational philosophy or philosophies, educators begin to identify and name the ways they teach, how students best learn, what counts as knowledge, and the desired outcomes. In doing so, educators increase their opportunities to provide more meaningful and impactful education. This article also includes quick‐reference guides to the pedagogies for readers to return to frequently.
Forum on seminary teaching and formation online
Authors: Gin Deborah H.C. , Lester G. Brooke , Blodgett Barbara 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis Forum explores what the Association of Theological Schools (ATS) has been learning about formation in online contexts through the Educational Models and Practices project. Deborah Gin's opening essay briefly enumerates operating assumptions, several widespread misconceptions, and emerging recommended practices. G. Brooke Lester proposes a definition of formation as transformation towards community, which is grounded in constructivist learning theory. He then reflects on the possibilities for this kind of community through online learning environments. Barbara Blodgett's contribution draws on “transactional distance theory” to analyze how a variety of pedagogical techniques (both online and face to face) can work to either exacerbate or minimize the distance between learners, which is an important contributor to formation and community. The Forum originated as panel presentations at the November 2017 Society of Biblical Literature and American Academy of Religion conferences.
Determining weight‐bearing tissue condition using peak reactive hyperemia response trend and ultrasonographic features: Implications for pressure ulcer prevention
Authors: Yapp Jong Heng , Raja Ahmad Raja Mohd Kamil , Mahmud Rozi , Mohtarrudin Norhafizah , Mohamad Yusof Loqman , Abdul Rahim Ezamin , Ahmad Siti Anom , Abu Bakar Md Zuki 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTFrequent repositioning is important to prevent pressure ulcer (PU) development, by relieving pressure and recovering damages on skin areas induced by repetitive loading. Although repositioning is the gold standard to prevent PU, there is currently no strategy for determining tissue condition under preventive approaches. In this study, the peak reactive hyperemia (RH) trends and ultrasonographic (US) features are compared with the tissue condition under histopathological examination to determine the potential use of these features in determining the tissue condition noninvasively. Twenty‐one male Sprague–Dawley rats (seven per group), with body weight of 385–485 g, were categorized into three groups and subjected to different recovery times, each with three repetitive loading cycles at skin tissues above of right trochanter area. The first, second, and third groups were subjected to short (3 minutes), moderate (10 minutes), and prolonged (40 minutes) recovery, respectively, while applying fixed loading time and pressure (10 minutes and 50 mmHg, respectively), to provide different degree of recovery and tissue conditions (tissue damage and tissue recovery). Peak RH was measured in the three cycles to determine RH trend (increasing, decreasing, and inconsistent). All rat tissues were evaluated using ultrasound at pre‐ and post‐experiment and rated by two raters to categorize the severity of tissue changes (no, mild, moderate, and severe). The tissue condition was also evaluated using histopathological examination to distinguish between normal and abnormal tissues. Most of the samples with increasing RH trend is related to abnormal tissue (71%); while inconsistent RH trends is more related to normal tissue (82%). There is no relationship between the tissue conditions evaluated under ultrasonographic and histopathological examination. Peak RH trend over repetitive loading may serve as a new feature for determining the tissue condition that leading to pressure ulcer.
One-step bone marrow-derived cell transplantation in talarosteochondral lesions: mid-term results
Authors: Buda Roberto , Vannini Francesca , Cavallo Marco , Baldassarri Matteo , Natali Simone , Castagnini Francesco , Giannini Sandro 
Published: January 2019

Purpose: to verify the capability of scaffold-supported bone marrow-derived cells to be used in the repair of osteochondral lesions of the talus.
Methods: using a device to concentrate bone marrow-derived cells, a scaffold (collagen powder or hyaluronic acid membrane) for cell support and platelet gel, a one-step arthroscopic technique was developed for cartilage repair. In a prospective clinical study, we investigated the ability of this technique to repair talar osteochondral lesions in 64 patients. The mean follow-up was 53 months. Clinical results were evaluated using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scale score. We also considered the influence of scaffold type, lesion area, previous surgery, and lesion depth.
Results: the mean preoperative AOFAS scale score was 65.2 ± 13.9. The clinical results peaked at 24 months, before declining gradually to settle at a score of around 80 at the maximum follow-up of 72 months.
Conclusions: the use of bone marrow-derived cells supported by scaffolds to repair osteochondral lesions of the talus resulted in significant clinical improvement, which was maintained over time.
Level of Evidence: level IV, therapeutic case series.
A novel multi-scale immuno-epidemiological model of visceral leishmaniasis in dogs
Authors: Welker Jonathan Shane , Martcheva Maia 
Published: January 2019

Leishmaniasis is a neglected and emerging disease prevalent in Mediterranean and tropical climates. As such, the study and development of new models are of increasing importance. We introduce a new immuno-epidemiological model of visceral leishmaniasis in dogs. The within-host system is based on previouslyВ collectedВ and published data, showing the movement and proliferation of the parasite in the skin and the bone-marrow, as well as the IgG response. The between-host system structures the infected individuals inВ time-since-infection and is of vector-host type. The within-host system has a parasite-free equilibrium and at least one endemic equilibrium, consistent with the fact that infected dogs do not recover without treatment. We compute the basic reproduction number R0 of the immuno-epidemiological modelВ and provide the existence and stability results of the population-levelВ disease-free equilibrium. Additionally, we prove existence of an uniqueВ endemic equilibrium when R0 > 1, and evidence of backward bifurcation and existence of multiple endemic equilibria when R0 < 1.
In Vitro
Activity of Ceftazidime-Avibactam against Clinical Isolates of Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Collected in Latin American Countries: Results from the INFORM Global Surveillance Program, 2012 to 2015
Authors: Karlowsky James A. , Kazmierczak Krystyna M. , Bouchillon Samuel K. , de Jonge Boudewijn L. M. , Stone Gregory G. , Sahm Daniel F. 
Published: January 2019

The International Network for Optimal Resistance Monitoring (INFORM) global surveillance program collected clinical isolates of
Enterobacteriaceae
(
n
= 7,665) and
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
(
n
= 1,794) from 26 medical centers in six Latin American countries from 2012 to 2015. The
in vitro
activity of ceftazidime-avibactam and comparators was determined for the isolates using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) reference broth microdilution method.
Rectal adenocarcinoma presenting with thigh muscle metastasis as the only metastatic site
Authors: Doroudinia Abtin , Mehrian Payam , Dorudinia Atosa , Kaghazchi Fatemeh 
Published: January 2019

Rectal carcinoma with metastasis to skeletal muscle is a rare finding. According to literature review, 17 cases of skeletal muscle metastasis from colorectal carcinoma have been documented where only six cases were rectal carcinomas.We discuss a case of a middle-aged man with a known history of high-grade mucinous adenocarcinoma of the rectum, status post abdominoperineal resection followed by adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy. During the planned chemotherapy course, a right proximal thigh subcutaneous mass was incidentally found which on subsequent biopsy proved to be metastatic from rectal primary site. On subsequent 18F-FDG (Fluorodeoxyglucose) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT scan after completion of chemotherapy for the purpose of treatment response evaluation, only FDG-avid lesion was residual right proximal thigh metastatic mass without involvement of other common sites, such as liver and lung. In this case, the 18F-FDG-PET/CT scan was able to exclude additional metastatic sites and also evaluate the patient’s treatment response.
Did psychotropic drug consumption increase during the 2008 financial crisis? A cross-sectional population-based study in Spain
Authors: Arroyo Elena , Cabrera-León Andrés , Renart Gemma , Saurina Carme , Serra Saurina Laura , Daponte Antonio , Saez Marc 
Published: January 2019

Objectives and settingAlthough psychotropic drugs are used to treat mental health disorders, little evidence analyses the effects the 2008 economic downturn had on psychotropic drug consumption in the case of Spain. We analyse these effects, considering both gender and employment situation.ParticipantsWe used the microdata from the face-to-face cross-sectional population-based Spanish National Health Survey for two periods: 2006–2007 (n=28 954) and 2011–2012 (n=20 509). Our samples included adults (>15 years old).MethodsThe response variables are consumption (or not) of antidepressants or sedatives and the explanatory variables are the year of the survey, gender and employment status. Covariates are mental health problems, mental health index General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and self-reported health outcome variables such as self-rated health, chronic diseases, smoking behaviour, sleeping hours, body mass index, physical activity in the workplace, medical visits during the past year, age, region of residence (autonomous communities), educational level, marital status and social class of the reference person. Finally, we include interactions between time period, gender and employment status. We specify random effects logistic regressions and use Bayesian methods for the inference.ResultsThe economic crisis did not significantly change the probability of taking antidepressant drugs (OR=0.56, 95% CI 0.18 to 2.56) nor sedatives (OR=1.21, 95% CI 0.26 to 5.49). In general, the probability of consuming antidepressants among men and women decreases, but there are differences depending on employment status. The probability of consuming sedatives also depends on the employment status.ConclusionsWhile the year of the financial crisis is not associated with the consumption of antidepressants nor sedatives, it has widened the gap in consumption differences between men and women. Although antidepressant use dropped, the difference in consumption levels between men and women grew significantly among the retired, and in the case of sedatives, risk of women taking sedatives increased in all groups except students.
NK Cell Infiltrates and HLA Class I Expression in Primary HER2+ Breast Cancer Predict and Uncouple Pathological Response and Disease-free Survival
Authors: Muntasell Aura , Rojo Federico , Servitja Sonia , Rubio-Perez Carlota , Cabo Mariona , Tamborero David , Costa-García Marcel , Martínez-Garcia María , Menéndez Sílvia , Vazquez Ivonne , Lluch Ana , Gonzalez-Perez Abel , Rovira Ana , López-Botet Miguel , Albanell Joan 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Purpose:
We investigated the value of tumor-infiltrating NK (TI-NK) cells and HLA class I tumor expression as biomarkers of response to neoadjuvant anti-HER2 antibody–based treatment in breast cancer.

Experimental Design:
TI-NK cells and HLA-I were determined by IHC in pretreatment tumor biopsies from two cohorts of patients with HER2-positive breast cancer [discovery cohort (n = 42) and validation cohort (n = 71)]. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) were scored according to international guidelines. Biomarker association with pathologic complete response (pCR) and disease-free survival (DFS) was adjusted for prognostic factors. Gene set variation analysis was used for determining immune cell populations concomitant to NK-cell enrichment in HER2-positive tumors from the Cancer Genome Atlas (n = 190).

Results:
TI-NK cells were significantly associated with pCR in the discovery cohort as well as in the validation cohort (P &lt; 0.0001), independently of clinicopathologic factors. A ≥3 TI-NK cells/50x high-power field (HPF) cutoff predicted pCR in the discovery and validation cohort [OR, 188 (11–3154); OR, 19.5 (5.3–71.8)]. Presence of TI-NK cells associated with prolonged DFS in both patient cohorts [HR, 0.07 (0.01–0.6); P = 0.01; HR, 0.3 (0.08–1.3); P = 0.1]. NK-, activated dendritic- and CD8 T-cell gene expression signatures positively correlated in HER2-positive tumors, supporting the value of NK cells as surrogates of effective antitumor immunity. Stratification of patients by tumor HLA-I expression identified patients with low and high relapse risk independently of pCR.

Conclusions:
This study identifies baseline TI-NK cells as an independent biomarker with great predictive value for pCR to anti-HER2 antibody–based treatment and points to the complementary value of tumor HLA-I status for defining patient prognosis independently of pCR.
PROPOSED MODEL ON LEVELS OF DEGRADED LAND AT MERAWU WATERSHED, BANJARNEGARA REGENCY, CENTRAL JAVA PROVINCE, INDONESIA
Authors: Sulistyo Bambang , Gunawan Totok , Hartono Hartono , Danoedoro Projo , Martanto Rochmat 
Published: January 2019

Conservation of degraded land in Indonesia requires maps of degraded land. The maps were established based onÂ a model developed in 1998 by the then Indonesia Department of Forestry. The model has 2 weaknesses i.e. 1. high level of uncertainty due to vector-based data used to build the thematic maps and 2. parameters redundancy or duplication from the model. This research was aimed to build up a proposed model on levels of degraded land at Merawu Watershed using fully raster-based data supported with remote sensing and GIS techniques. Parameters analyzed were Slope, Erosivity (R), Erodibility (K), Slope Length and Steepness (LS), Cover and Management (C), Support Practice (P) and Percentage of Canopy Cover. These data were presented in fully raster format. Management parameter was not explicitly used in this research because management parameter was already represented by the C and P parameters . Five parameters were directly obtained using fully raster format, i.e. Slope, LS, C, P and Percentage of Canopy Cover. The other 2 parameters went through spatial interpolation process before being presented as fully raster format. Correlation analysis among parameters was carried out. Parameters having high correlation coefficient (r â‰¥ 0.8) were excluded from the model to avoid redundancy. The proposed model only used parameters having low correlation coefficient. The research result showed that the determination of levels of degraded land was more accurate when using only erosion parameters, formulated as:Level of Degraded Land (LoDL) â‰ˆ Erosion â‰ˆ R x K x LS x C x P.Â
RESISTANCE AGAINST Aeromonas hydrophila INFECTION AND GROWTH OF SECOND GENERATION (F2) AFRICAN CATFISH [Clarias gariepinus] USING SELECTED MOLECULAR MARKERS
Authors: Alimuddin Alimuddin , Putri Fadhila Maharani , Wahjuningrum Dinamella , Hardiantho Dian , Sunarma Ade , Nuryati Sri 
Published: January 2019

Aeromonas hydrophila is a pathogenic bacteria that causes mass mortality in catfish. In previous studies, specific pathogen resistant (SPR), A. hydrophila-resistant African catfish first generation (F1) has been cultivated by marker assisted selection using the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) 1 as a molecular marker. In this study, growth performance, inheritance of the MHC DNA marker in the second generation (F2) of catfish and disease resistance against A. hydrophila infection were observed.Â The F2 progenies were produced by crossing F1 fish between themselves. Nursery was performed in 80-L glass aquaria, 4 replications for each cross, at the same initial density, for 2 months of rearing. The results showed that daily growth rate of F2 progenies from the SPR broods was significantly higher than those from broods without the marker.Â Results of the PCR analysis showed that average number of F2 progenies from SPR broods carrying the MHC marker was about 91% higher than that of control.Â After the fish reached about 12 cm body length, they were challenged by intramuscularly injecting of 0.1 mL A. hydrophila (LD50: 106 CFU ml-1) for 7 days. Results of challenge test showed that survival of F2 offspring from the crosses of SPR broods (77.2%) was about two times higher than those from brood without MHC marker (38.3%).Â Differential leukocyte count supported the high resistance of F2 progenies from F1 broods having MHC I marker against A. hydrophila infection. In conclusion, African catfish farming carrying MHC marker potentially have higher productivity and reduces fish lose due to infection by A. hydrophila.
Insects found in birds’ nests from Argentina. Cyanoliseus patagonus (Vieillot, 1818) [Aves: Psittacidae], with the description of Cyanolicimex patagonicus, gen. n., sp. n., and a key to the genera of Haematosiphoninae (Hemiptera: Cimicidae)
Authors: IORIO OSVALDO DI , TURIENZO PAOLA , MASELLO JUAN , CARPINTERO DIEGO L. 
Published: January 2019

The Burrowing Parrot, Cyanoliseus patagonus (Vieillot, 1817) [Aves: Psittacidae], is one of the most southern Neotropical parrots. They require sandstone, limestone, or earth cliffs where they excavate their colonial nest-burrows. Adult C. p. patagonus excavate their own nest-burrows, most of them about 1.5 m deep. Each burrow is occupied by a single pair that lay one clutch of two to five eggs per year, directly on the sand of the breeding chamber. The breeding birds abandon the place until the start of the next breeding attempt in the following year. Burrow nests from Río Negro province (Argentina) are inhabited by two ectoparasitic insects, the flea Hectopsylla narium (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae), and Cyanolicimex patagonicus, gen. n., sp. n. (Hemiptera: Cimicidae). The Rio Negro province is the southernmost known limit for Haematosiphoninae in the Western Hemisphere, and C. patagonicus is the third Haematosiphoninae with a Psittacidae bird as host. As the South American genera of Haematosiphoninae cannot be separated using the available key due to unsatisfactory characters, the proposition of new characters for the identification of the four South American genera, together with the corresponding modifications to the key, are presented.
Evaluation of the Ventilation Index in Complex Terrain: A Dispersion Modeling Study
Authors: Kiefer Michael T. , Charney Joseph J. , Zhong Shiyuan , Heilman Warren E. , Bian Xindi , Hom John L. , Patterson Matthew 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn this study, the Flexible Particle (FLEXPART)-WRF, a Lagrangian particle dispersion model, is employed to simulate pollutant dispersion in and near the Lehigh Gap, a gap in a prominent ridgeline in eastern Pennsylvania. FLEXPART-WRF is used to evaluate the diagnostic value of the ventilation index (VI), an index that describes the potential for smoke or other pollutants to ventilate away from a source, for indicating dispersion potential in complex terrain. Little is known about the effectiveness of the ventilation index in diagnosing dispersion potential in complex terrain. The modeling approach used in this study is to release a dense cloud of particles across a portion of the model domain and evaluate particle behavior and VI diagnostic value in areas of the domain with differing terrain characteristics. Although both horizontal and vertical dispersion are examined, the study focuses primarily on horizontal dispersion, assessed quantitatively by calculating horizontal residence time (HRT) within a 1-km-radius circle surrounding the particle release point. Analysis of HRT across the domain reveals horizontal dispersion patterns that are influenced by the ridgeline and the Lehigh Gap. Comparison of VI and HRT in different areas of the domain reveals a robust relationship windward of the ridgeline and a weak relationship leeward of the ridgeline and in the vicinity of the Lehigh Gap. The results of this study suggest that VI users should consider whether they are windward or leeward of topographic features, and highlight the need for an alternative metric that better takes into account the influence of the terrain on dispersion.