bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L’invisibilisation autochtone dans les politiques coloniales et républicaines
Authors: Tuncay Vildan Bahar 
Published: November 2018

Cet article traite de l’invisibilisation des groupes autochtones du littoral de l’Équateur dans les politiques coloniales et républicaines. Cette invisibilisation se manifeste de diverses façons : par l’absence de ces groupes dans les politiques d’assimilation, d’acculturation et d’exploitation de l’époque coloniale et la faible présence des missions religieuses dans le littoral, de même que par l’absence de ces groupes dans les politiques indigénistes des années 30 et 40 et leur association à l’acculturation et à l’assimilation à la société métisse. À partir de la fin des années soixante, une série de phénomènes a mis en évidence les limites de la stratégie volontaire d’invisibilisation comme pratique de résistance et la nécessité de structurer un discours identitaire différent afin de protéger les terres communales. Il s’agit de l’émergence des conflits relatifs au statut légal des terres communales et aux enjeux de fragmentation et de vente des terres, et du développement des activités touristiques dans la région.
Textile‐Based Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Self‐Powered Wearable Electronics
Authors: Kwak Sung Soo , Yoon Hong‐Joon , Kim Sang‐Woo 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWearable smart electronic devices based on wireless systems use batteries as a power source. However, recent miniaturization and various functions have increased energy consumption, resulting in problems such as reduction of use time and frequent charging. These factors hinder the development of wearable electronic devices. In order to solve this energy problem, research studies on triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are conducted based on the coupling of contact‐electrification and electrostatic induction effects for harvesting the vast amounts of biomechanical energy generated from wearer movement. The development of TENGs that use a variety of structures and materials based on the textile platform is reviewed, including the basic components of fibers, yarns, and fabrics made using various weaving and knitting techniques. These textile‐based TENGs are lightweight, flexible, highly stretchable, and wearable, so that they can effectively harvest biomechanical energy without interference with human motion, and can be used as activity sensors to monitor human motion. Also, the main application of wearable self‐powered systems is demonstrated and the directions of future development of textile‐based TENG for harvesting biomechanical energy presented.
Enhanced Interfacial Stability of Hybrid‐Electrolyte Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries with a Layer of Multifunctional Polymer with Intrinsic Nanoporosity
Authors: Yu Xingwen , Manthiram Arumugam 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe use of lithium‐ion conductive solid electrolytes offers a promising approach to address the polysulfide shuttle and the lithium‐dendrite problems in lithium‐sulfur (Li‐S) batteries. One critical issue with the development of solid‐electrolyte Li‐S batteries is the electrode–electrolyte interfaces. Herein, a strategic approach is presented by employing a thin layer of a polymer with intrinsic nanoporosity (PIN) on a Li+‐ion conductive solid electrolyte, which significantly enhances the ionic interfaces between the electrodes and the solid electrolyte. Among the various types of Li+‐ion solid electrolytes, NASICON‐type Li1+xAlxTi2‐x(PO4)3 (LATP) offers advantages in terms of Li+‐ion conductivity, stability in ambient environment, and practical viability. However, LATP is susceptible to reaction with both the Li‐metal anode and polysulfides in Li‐S batteries due to the presence of easily reducible Ti4+ ions in it. The coating with a thin layer of PIN presented in this study overcomes the above issues. At the negative‐electrode side, the PIN layer prevents the direct contact of Li‐metal with the LATP solid electrolyte, circumventing the reduction of LATP by Li metal. At the positive electrode side, the PIN layer prevents the migration of polysulfides to the surface of LATP, preventing the reduction of LATP by polysulfides.
Switchable Plasmonic Nanocomposites
Authors: Homaeigohar Shahin , Elbahri Mady 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSmartness in nature is inspiring for engineers to design biomimetic devices acting based on switchable properties. In this regard, nanomaterials able to show reversible optical properties have drawn immense attention from research and technology communities. Here, diverse classes of switchable plasmonic nanocomposites (SPNs) are introduced according to their stimuli, structure, and composition. The SPNs perform relying on reversible changes of the dielectric matrix' refractive index and physicochemical properties under the influence of various stimuli, leading to alteration in the interparticle spacing of the encapsulated plasmonic nanoparticles. The stimuli‐induced reversible reconfiguration of plasmonic nanoparticles, forming ordered or disordered structures, is considered another operation mechanism. The latter category involves a larger number of plasmonic nanoparticles and induces notable changes in optical properties by the switching process. Enhanced controllability over synthesis, function, and properties of the as‐developed metamaterials enables better scalability. Thus, SPNs hold great promise for next‐generation optical devices including optical switches, transducers, modulators, etc. As a specific highlight for the future perspective, the switchable plasmonic molecules‐based nanocomposites are introduced and recent progress is discussed. Ultimately, prospects, outlooks, and the current bottlenecks in this field are presented.
Nanocomposites‐based nitrated polyethersulfone and doped ZnYNiO for selective As3+ sensor application
Authors: Rahman Mohammed M. , Alenazi Noof A. , Hussein Mahmoud A. , Alam Md Mahmud , Alamry Khalid A. , Asiri Abdullah M. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe contamination of arsenic (As3+) cation in drinking water is one of the most well‐known sources for human arsenic poison. Due to its high toxicity to human, there is a need to develop an efficient and low‐cost method to detect it in aquatic environment. A sensor of nitrated polyethersulfone (PES‐NO2) doped with ZnYNiO nanocomposites was successfully fabricated. PES‐NO2 was synthesized in this study using H2SO4: HNO3 while ZnYNiO nanoparticles were fabricated using wet‐chemical technique under low temperature and basic condition. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis did confirm the interactions between the doped nanoparticles and nitro functions grafted on PES backbone. The developed polymeric nanocomposite (PES‐NO2‐ZnYNiO) was then used as a superb coating sensor for As3+. The working electrode of desire heavy metal ion sensor was fabricated by glassy carbon electrode (GCE) coated with PES‐NO2‐ZnYNiO nanocomposites as layer of thin film. To estimate the cationic sensor performances, a calibration curve obtained from current versus electrolyte (selective As3+ ion) concentration relation was plotted. The linearity of calibration curve is found over the linear dynamic range (LDR) of 0.1 nM~0.1 mM. The slope of calibration curve is used to measure the sensitivity and detection limit (DL) of As3+ cation sensor, and these are 9.8101 μA μM−1 cm−2 and 96.77 ± 4.84 pM, respectively. Therefore, the As3+ ion sensor is found as selective with good sensitivity, reproducible with high accuracy, validated in real environmental samples, long‐term stability in aqueous medium, and highly active with short response time.
Sequence variants in muscle tissue‐related genes may determine the severity of muscle contractures in cerebral palsy
Authors: Pingel Jessica , Andersen Jeppe Dyrberg , Christiansen Sofie Lindgren , Børsting Claus , Morling Niels , Lorentzen Jakob , Kirk Henrik , Doessing Simon , Wong Christian , Nielsen Jens Bo 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMuscle contractures are a common complication to cerebral palsy (CP). The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether individuals with CP carry specific gene variants of important structural genes that might explain the severity of muscle contractures. Next‐generation‐sequencing (NGS) of 96 candidate genes associated with muscle structure and metabolism were analyzed in 43 individuals with CP (Gross Motor Function classification system [GMFCS] I, n=10; GMFCS II, n=14; GMFCS III, n=19) and four control participants. In silico analysis of the identified variants was performed. The variants were classified into four categories ranging from likely benign (VUS0) to highly likely functional effect (VUS3). All individuals with CP were classified and grouped according to their GMFCS level: Statistical comparisons were made between GMFCS groups. Kruskal‐Wallis tests showed significantly more VUS2 variants in the genes COL4 (GMFCS I–III; 1, 1, 5, respectively [p < .04]), COL5 (GMFCS I–III; 1, 1, 5 [p < .04]), COL6 (GMFCS I–III; 0, 4, 7 [p < .003]), and COL9 (GMFCS I–III; 1, 1, 5 [p < .04]), in individuals with CP within GMFCS Level III when compared to the other GMFCS levels. Furthermore, significantly more VUS3 variants in COL6 (GMFCS I–III; 0, 5, 2 [p < .01]) and COL7 (GMFCS I–III; 0, 3, 0 [p < .04]) were identified in the GMFCS II level when compared to the other GMFCS levels. The present results highlight several candidate gene variants in different collagen types with likely functional effects in individuals with CP.
Katalysatorfreie enantiospezifische Olefinierung mithilfe von in situ generierten Organocer‐Spezies
Authors: Music Arif , Hoarau Clément , Hilgert Nicolas , Zischka Florian , Didier Dorian 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWir beschreiben die In‐situ‐Synthese von Triorganocer‐Reagentien und deren Anwendung in katalysatorfreien Zweifel‐Olefinierungen. Diese einzigartigen Cer‐Spezies wurden durch neuartige Austauschreaktionen von Organohalogeniden mit n‐Bu3Ce‐Reagentien erzeugt. Durch die geeignete Elektronegativität von Cer konnten sowohl die Empfindlichkeit von Organolithium‐Verbindungen für funktionelle Gruppen als auch die geringere Reaktivität von Organomagnesium‐Verbindungen ausgeglichen werden. Austauschreaktionen wurden an Aryl‐ und Alkenylbromiden durchgeführt, die mit chiralen Borpinakolestern enantiospezifische Transformationen eingingen. Abschließend wurden diese neuen Organocer‐Spezies eingesetzt, um selektive 1,2‐Additionen an enolisierbaren und sterisch gehinderten Ketonen durchzuführen.
Catalyst‐Free Enantiospecific Olefination with In Situ Generated Organocerium Species
Authors: Music Arif , Hoarau Clément , Hilgert Nicolas , Zischka Florian , Didier Dorian 
Published: November 2018

AbstractDescribed is the in situ formation of triorganocerium reagents and their application in catalyst‐free Zweifel olefinations. These unique cerium species were generated through novel exchange reactions of organohalides with n‐Bu3Ce reagents. The adequate electronegativity of cerium allowed for compensating the disadvantages of both usually functional‐group‐sensitive organolithium species and less reactive organomagnesium reagents. Exchange reactions were performed on aryl and alkenyl bromides, enabling enantiospecific transformations of chiral boron pinacol esters. Finally, these new organocerium species were engaged in selective 1,2‐additions onto enolisable and sterically hindered ketones.
Versatile bio‐based epoxy resin: From banana waste to applied materials
Authors: Li Ruisong , Li Wei , Zheng Fengyi , Zhang Yucang , Hu Jiadan 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTBio‐based epoxy resin is a promising candidate for petroleum‐based resins due to its abundant reserves and low‐cost products, which mainly use polyphenolic composites as precursors. Liquefied banana pseudo stem (LBPS), a highly active compound obtained by liquefaction with 7.5% of sulfuric acid as catalyst at 160°C, was used to synthesize bio‐based epoxy resin. FTIR and SEM demonstrated the synthetic process of LBPS‐based epoxy resin (LBPSER) from waste banana pseudo stem (BPS). Mechanical test, reagent resistance, dynamic mechanical analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis were utilized to evaluate the mechanical and chemical properties of LBPSER. With polyamide (PA) as hardener, LBPSER‐PA adhesive exhibited an optimum shear strength that is comparable with that of commercial diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA), corresponding to 11.86 vs 11.89 MPa. Interestingly, the shear strength of this adhesive curing at 40°C could get 9.52 MPa for wood materials. The adhesive also performed excellent resistance to organic agents, adverse acidic, and alkaline environments. Notably, as the content of LBPSER in adhesive increased, an increase of glass transition temperature could be verified from 42 to 100°C. The LBPSER‐PA adhesive presented good thermal and physicochemical performances, thereby suggesting the potential of utilizing liquefied product from BPS as alternative to toxic bisphenol A in synthesizing bio‐based epoxy resin. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47135.
Curing properties of high‐Ortho phenol‐formaldehyde resins with co‐catalysis
Authors: Li Jiongjiong , Zhu Wenjie , Zhang Jizhi , Zhang Shifeng , Gao Qiang , Li Jianzhang , Zhang Wei 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTIn this study, sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) was used as a catalyst to prepare high‐ortho phenol‐formaldehyde (HOPF) resin, and ester and carbonate curing accelerators were used to increase its curing rate. The physicochemical properties of the prepared resins and the mechanism of curing acceleration were investigated. The results showed that, with the addition of Na2CO3, the ortho/para ratio of methylol groups increased from 7.257 to 27.800. The gel time of the cure‐accelerated HOPF resins decreased from 620 to 240 s as compared with PF resin. The bonding strength of plywood bonded with the cure‐accelerated HOPF resins were all above 0.70 MPa. The curing acceleration was caused by the carbonate ions rather than the metal ions, and a temporary incorporation mechanism apparently occurred for the ester accelerators. The prepared phenolic resin had fast curing rate, low curing temperature, high thermal stability, and favorable mechanical performance, which has potential for industry applications. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47229.
Poly(lactic acid)/modified chitosan‐based microcellular foams: Thermal and crystallization behavior with wettability and porosimetric investigations
Authors: Borkotoky Shasanka Sekhar , Pal Akhilesh Kumar , Katiyar Vimal 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTThis article addresses a less expensive and elegant method for the fabrication of hydrophobic poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/modified chitosan (MC)‐based bionanocomposite foams with high porosity (>~80%) and open cellular interconnected morphology. An increment of ~2.3‐fold of cell density and reduction of ~1.3‐fold of cell size are observed at highest loading of MC (i.e. 3 wt %). The MC also influences the hydrophobicity (up to ~10 increment in contact angle) of the foams. Structure–property relationship of the fabricated foams has been investigated along with wettability behavior. Thermal degradation kinetics and degradation mechanism of the fabricated foams have been investigated by using different approaches like modified Coats Redfern (modified CR), Flynn‐Wall‐Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger, and Criado. Crystallization behavior of the fabricated foams are also investigated. Increase in surface area with MC‐loading and nucleating behavior of MC in the PLA matrix is confirmed by the porosimetric investigation of the fabricated foams. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2019,136, 47236.
Regression of Peripheral Subclinical Enthesopathy in Therapy‐Naive Patients Treated With Ustekinumab for Moderate‐to‐Severe Chronic Plaque Psoriasis: A Fifty‐Two–Week, Prospective, Open‐Label Feasibility Study
Authors: Savage Laura , Goodfield Mark , Horton Laura , Watad Abdulla , Hensor Elizabeth , Emery Paul , Wakefield Richard , Wittmann Miriam , McGonagle Dennis 
Published: November 2018

ObjectiveTo investigate whether sonographically determined subclinical enthesopathy in patients with moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis regresses with the use of ustekinumab therapy for skin disease.MethodsSeventy‐three patients with moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis, who were not treated with systemic therapy and did not have symptoms of psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and 23 healthy volunteers were screened by ultrasound for subclinical enthesitis. Subsequently, 23 patients with psoriasis whose ultrasound results showed inflammatory changes were treated with ustekinumab for 52 weeks. The evolution of sonographic abnormalities of the upper and lower limb entheses was assessed using an extensive gray‐scale and power Doppler (PD) ultrasound protocol at weeks 0, 12, 24, and 52. For each parameter, a gray‐scale or PD ultrasound score of >0 was determined to be abnormal, and a summative score based on the Glasgow Ultrasound Enthesitis Scoring System was calculated.ResultsOf all the patients with psoriasis screened using ultrasound, 49.3% had at least 1 inflammatory entheseal abnormality. Mean ± SD inflammation scores were higher in the patients with psoriasis compared with the healthy volunteers (9.9 ± 6.6 versus 1.0 ± 1.4). With treatment, the mean inflammation scores decreased significantly by 42.2% from week 0 to week 24 (–4.2 [95% confidence interval –6.3, –2.1]; P < 0.001) and by 47.5% by week 42 (–4.7 [95% confidence interval –7.1, –2.3]; P = 0.001). Entheseal structural abnormalities did not change significantly during treatment.ConclusionWithin 12 weeks of treatment, interleukin‐12 (IL‐12)/IL‐23 inhibition for psoriasis appears to suppress subclinical enthesopathy, and the suppression is maintained through week 52. Further longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether therapy initiated for skin disease may prevent the development of PsA.
Qualitative and quantitative determination of Atractylodes rhizome using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with linear ion trap–Orbitrap mass spectrometry with data‐dependent processing
Authors: Zhang Yihan , Bo Cui , Fan Yanhao , An Rui , Chen Long , Zhang Yifan , Jia Yiqun , Wang Xinhong 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA quick and effective workflow based on ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with electron spray ionization and LTQ‐Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UPLC‐LTQ‐Orbitrap MS) was established for compositional analysis and screening of the characteristic compounds of three species of Atractylodes rhizome for quality evaluation. This technique was employed to determine the seven main components in Atractylodes rhizome samples. Ultimately, 78 constituents were identified; of these, seven characteristic compounds were selected for species discrimination, comprising atractylodin (63), atractylenolide I (43), atractylenolide II (49), atractylenolide III (53), atractylon (69), methyl‐atractylenolide II (54) and (4E,6E,12E)‐tetradecadecatriene‐8,10‐diyne‐1,3‐diacetate (59). The seven main compounds, including six characteristic compounds, were simultaneously determined in 29 batches of Atractylodes rhizome samples. Thus, the method validation showed acceptable results. Quantitative analysis showed significantly different contents of the seven main components among the three species of Atractylodes rhizome, which indicates possible distinctions in the pharmacological effects. This established method can simultaneously provide qualitative and quantitative results for compositional characterization of Atractylodes rhizomes and for quality control.
Microextraction sample preparation techniques in forensic analytical toxicology
Authors: He Yi , Concheiro‐Guisan Marta 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSample preparation is a critical step in forensic analytical toxicology. Different extraction techniques are employed with the goals of removing interferences from the biological samples, such as blood, tissues and hair, reducing matrix effects and concentrating the target analytes, among others. With the objective of developing faster and more ecological procedures, microextraction techniques have been expanding their applications in the recent years. This article reviews various microextraction methods, which include solid‐based microextraction, such as solid‐phase microextraction, microextraction by packed sorbent and stir‐bar sorptive extraction, and liquid‐based microextraction, such as single drop/hollow fiber‐based liquid‐phase microextraction and dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction, as well as their applications to forensic toxicology analysis. The development trend in future microextraction sample preparation is discussed.
Evaluation of NSE and S100B in patients with tick‐borne encephalitis
Authors: Czupryna Piotr , Grygorczuk Sambor , Pancewicz Sławomir , Świerzbińska Renata , Zajkowska Joanna , Krawczuk Katarzyna , Dunaj Justyna , Filipiuk Justyna , Kruszewska Ewelina , Borawski Karol , Moniuszko‐Malinowska Anna 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIntroductionThe aim of this study was the assessment of neuron‐specific enolase (NSE) and S‐100 concentration in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in patients with different clinical forms of tick‐borne encephalitis (TBE).Material and MethodsThe serum and CFS concentrations of S100B and NSE of 43 patients with TBE were measured with ELISA method using commercial kits: NSE and S100B Elisa Kit (DRG, Germany). Subjects were divided into: Group I—patients with meningoencephalitis (n = 17) and Group II—patients with meningitis (n = 26). None of the patients reported any neurodegenerative disorder that could affect the results of the study. The control group (CG) consisted of 13 patients. These patients were admitted to the hospital because of headache, and the CSF examination excluded inflammatory process. Samples were collected on admission (sample 1) and after treatment (sample 2).ResultsNeuron‐specific enolase concentration in CSF was higher in group I than in group II (p = 0.0002) and controls (p = 0.04). NSE concentration was higher in the second serum and CSF sample in both groups. S100B concentration did not differ between TBE patients and controls. NSE concentration in serum after 14 days was higher in the sequelae group (34.3 ± 9.7 vs. 16.7 ± 15, p = 0.04). Also, NSE serum sample 2/serum sample 1 ratio was significantly higher in the sequelae group (3.57 ± 0.92 vs. 1.53 ± 1.99, p = 0.04). Receiver Operating Characteristic curve analysis indicated that NSE concentration in serum II differentiates sequelae group from other meningoencephalitis patients (p = 0.0001). S100B serum sample 2/CSF sample 2 ratio was lower in the sequelae group (0.05 ± 0.1 vs. 0.37 ± 0.28, p = 0.02).Conclusions(a) Neurodegeneration process is present in TBE encephalitis. (b) NSE concentration correlates with inflammatory parameters in CSF in TBE. (c) Neurodegeneration is present even after clinical recovery of TBE. (d) NSE could be used in the prediction of TBE course. (e) S‐100 did not differ between TBE patients and controls.
Iridoid Derivatives with Cytotoxic Activity from Pedicularis uliginosaBunge
Authors: Liu Li‐Fang , Yao Ming‐Jun , Li Man‐Yu , Wu Xiao‐Zhen , Yuan Cheng‐Shan 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThree new iridoids, rel‐(4aR,7S,7aS)‐7‐hydroxy‐7‐methyl‐1,4a,5,6,7,7a‐hexahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran‐4‐carbaldehyde (1), 1‐methoxy‐7‐methyl‐1,3,5,6‐tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran‐4‐carbaldehyde (2), and rel‐(1R,4S,4aS,7R,7aR)‐7‐methylhexahydro‐1,4‐(epoxymethano)cyclopenta[c]pyran‐3(1H)‐one (3), together with seven known analogues, were isolated from the 95 % EtOH extract of the whole plants of Pedicularis uliginosa Bunge. Their structures were elucidated via extensive NMR spectroscopy and mass spectral data. In terms of inhibitory effects on human tumor cells, compounds 1, 2, 6, 7, and 8 exhibited better inhibitory activities against ACHN cells than the positive control (vinblastine).