bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Depositional Environment of Cuddalore Sandstone Formation, Tamil Nadu
Authors: Selvaraj K. , Ramasamy S. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Cuddalore Sandstone (Mio-Pliocene) of Neyveli and Ariyalur areas has been studied to infer the depositional environment. Granulometrically, poorly to moderately sorted and fine to very finely skewed sandstones are petrographically identified as feldsarenite and litharenite. Source area for the Neyveli sediments included pyroxenite, amphibolite and granodiorite and the Ariyalur sediments were probably, derived from granite and monzonite. Major elemental data show the eugeosynclinal tectonic setting for Neyveli and taphrogeosynclinal setting for Ariyalur area. The overall study suggests a deltaic environment.
Ignimbrite Deposits from North of Mumbai in Western Part of Deccan Flood Basalt Province, India
Authors: Sharma R. K. , Pandit M. K. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The Sasunavghar-Juchundra area in the western part of Deccan Flood Basalt Province exposes repetitive acidic pyroclastic sequences overlying intermediate to basic pyroclastic basal flows. These acidic tuffs conform to typical 'ignimbrite' eruptive and depositional environment. The explosive activity has probably resulted from a localised collapse of eruptive column.
Textural Characteristics and Mineralogy of the Suspended Sediments of the Cauvery River Basin, India
Authors: Ramanathan A. L. , Subramanian V. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The sediment mean size varies from 4.7-8.3 phi (medium-fine silt), moderate to poor sorting, near symmetrical to strongly fine skewed and platy to very platykurtic. Local bank erosion, redistribution and tributaries control the grain size distribution in the basin. Chlorite and montmorillionite are the dominant clay minerals followed by kaolinite and illite.
A Glance Through the Seismicity of Peninsular India
Authors: Bansal Brijesh K. , Gupta Sushil 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper reports the status of seismicity of the Peninsular Indian region based on historical earthquake data from 1200 to 1995 AD. A list of earthquakes occurring within the geographical area between latitude 8° N-24° N and longitude 70° E-86° E has been compiled. The current seismic activity in Peninsular region shows evidence of neotectonic movements. Based on the knowledge of the geotectonics of the area and the epicentral distribution of earthquakes, seismogenic zones in the region have been demarcated. Among the 11 such zones Western Ghat. Narmada~Son and °Rann of Kutch are relatively more active.
Felsic Volcanics Interlayered With Sediments of the Marwar Supergroup at Chhoti Khatu, District Nagaur, Rajasthan
Authors: Paliwal B. S. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A thick pile of un deformed and unmetamorphosed sediments exposed to the west of the Aravalli mountain range in Rajasthan. earlier known as the Trans-Aravalli Vindhyans and later renamed as the Marwar Supergroup, are considered to rest unconformably over the Malani Igneous Suite of rocks. Felsic volcanics have been observed around Chhoti Khatu. in Nagaur district for the first time interlayered with sediments of the Marwar Supergroup. They occur sandwiched between the underlying Sonia Formation and the overlying Girbhakar Formation of the Jodhpur Group (the Marwar Supergroup). This interesting relationship may help in deciding the age of the Marwar Supergroup.
Quantitative Assessment of Seismic Hazard in Eastern-Northeastern India Through Poisson Probability Density Function Analysis
Authors: Dasgupta Sujit , Bhattacharya Auditeya , Jana Tapan K. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Temporal occurrence of earthquakes of magnitude = 5.5 and 6.0 was statistically analysed for the entire eastern-northeastern India which is seismically active. High seismicity in the region is related to plate margin activity in the Himalaya and Burmese arc. Non-stationary Poisson distribution provides a good fit to analyse earthquake sequence for the entire area of eastern-northeastern India and two subareas within it, viz., the Himalaya and the Burmese arc. For the entire area there is a 90% probability for the occurrence of at least one earthquake of magnitude (Mb0)= 6.0 in any time window of 5 years, while the probability is 98% for an event of Mb0 5.5 in any two years time slot. Similarly for the Himalayan tectonic domain, the probability is 70% and for the Burmese arc it is 90% for at least one earthquake of Mb= 6.0 within a recurrence period of ten years. As earthquakes in the region above the threshold magnitudes of 5.5 and 6.0 follow a poisson distribution, probability density function maps for both the threshold magnitude were prepared for 1°x1° blocks with rate of occurrence(?) for each 0.5° overlapping grid. These maps are used to calculate p~rcent probabilities with different return periods. Seismic hazard maps with percent probabilities for the occurrence of at least one earthquake with return periods of 20 and 50 years are presented for Mb0=6.0 and with return periods of 5 and 10 years for Mb0=5.5.
Rare Earth Element Geochemistry of Modern Detrital Sediments from Chaliyar River, Northern Kerala
Authors: Hariharan G. N. , Nambiar C. G. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
?REE in the detrital sediments from Chaliyar river channel ranges from 37.7 to 65.5 ppm, which is around 0.3 times that of the average crust and NASC, and is lower compared to that of their provenance rocks. The highly fractionated chondrite-normalized REE pattern of the average sediment mimics that of the average provenance rock. but for the presence of a negative europium anomaly that is suggestive of preferential removal of plagioclase during weathering. The similarity in the REE contents of samples from different locations in the main channel reflects the immobility of rare earths in fluvial transportation and tectonic stability of the basin
Effect of Urbanisation on Groundwater Regime, Dhaka City, Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmed K. M. , Hasan M. A. , Sharif S. U. , Hossain K. S. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Groundwater abstraction in Dhaka city has increased more than 700% during the last three decades. Consequently, water level has dropped to 20 m below sea level in the south central part of the city, where the ground surface elevation is 5.7 m. The rate of water level decline varies from 0.75 to 1.5m/year at different observation points within the city.
Iso-conductivity map of the groundwater depicts higher electrolytic conductivity (EC) value (500 to 800 μ1S/cm) in the southern part of the city, particularly along the river Buriganga. compared to the northern part (l00-2oo μ1S/cm). Contamination in the aquifer of southern part is attributed to recharge by polluted water from the Buriganga. Monitoring results of deep tube wells (DTWs) and hand tube wells (HTWs), located in municipal waste and industrial effluent disposal sites, show a marked depth variation in groundwater EC. Higher EC values in the HTWs demonstrates contamination in upper part of the aquifer from the disposal sites. Major ions and trace element concentrations of the water samples also reveal similar pattern. Increasing trend in the ionic concentrations. particularly cl- and N03 , as observed in the historical record indicates gradual quality deterioration.
Magnetic Properties of Banded Magnetite Quartzites of South India
Authors: Subba Reddy N. , Darga Reddy N. , Prasad C. V. R. K. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Two hundred and ninety samples of Banded Magnetite Quartzites from Archaean granulitegneiss terrain and greenstone belts of Southern India are investigated for magnetic granillometry. It is suggested that these mainly contain MD grains with a combination of SD or CD grains. The granulometry and other magnetic properties of samples from the two regions are similar.
Estimation of Parameters of Crystalline Rock Aquifers: A Case Study
Authors: Singh V. S. , Thangarajan M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Aquifer parameters viz. transmissivity (T) and storage coefficient (S) are a pre-requisite for the assessment of groundwater resources in an area. A large number of dugwells tapping the top phreatic aquifer (comprising mostly weathered material) are being utilized for irrigation and/or domestic purposes. Use of such wells makes the estimation of aquifer parameters easy and cost effective. A case study in Vaippar river basin, a hard rock region in Tamil Nadu (India) is presented.
Wall Rock Alteration in Cu-Zn-Au Bearing Volcanogenic Massive Sulphide Deposit at Danva, District Sirohi, Rajasthan
Authors: Kirmani I. R. , Fareeduddin  
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The Upper Proterozoic mafic volcanic suite of the Delhi Supergroup between Nanna and Deri sectors of Rajasthan host several volcanogenic massive sulphide prospects. The massive sulphide ore body at Danva is enveloped by hydrothermally altered volcanic rocks containing sulphide-bearing stock work mineralization. Geochemistry of the unaltered metavolcanics indicate that they are basalts with calc-alkaline affinity. The main types of hydrothermillly altered rocks are quartz-biotite schist, quartz-biotite-sericite schist and quartz-sericite schist.
Mass balance studies indicate marginal and significant gains of SiO2, H2O and K2O during the processes of biotitization and sericitization. Na and Ca show strong depletion. The iron oxides, in general, record marginal to heavy depletion whereas sulphur is significantly added during the hydrothermal activity. It is suggested that Au has largely been mobilized during sulphidation process.
Fossil Till Ball and Armoured Mud Ball from the Glaciofluvial Talchir Formation, Talchir Gondwana Basin, Orissa
Authors: Sen D. P. , Sit Suman Krishna 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Armoured mud balls and till ball (sand ball) are reported for the first time from the Permocarboniferous Talchir Formation. The balls occur within a gullied part of the boulder bed. The balls found in the environment result from block breakage due to undercutting of a till face by meltwater stream and rolling during transportation. The unannoured spherical balls of diameter 3-14 cm composed of coarse materials are formed around tillite blocks and flat pebbles. whereas balls formed around clay or mud lumps are later armoured by grannule and pebble size clasts. The balls are termed till balls and mud balls respectively. Since the balls composed of coarse materials may also be derived from the environments other than glacial environments, it is appropriate to term these balls as sand ball.
Sand balls and mud balls along with associated primary structures may be used as palaeogeographic indicators. Presence of these balls and associated structures also reveal that though apparently the Boulder bed appear to be a single lithostratigraphic unit, in reality it is a complex of number of gravity flow deposits.
Orgin and Palaeoenvironmental Aspects of Red Sediments from Bavanapadu-Ichchapuram, Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Gaitan Vaz G. , Mohapatra G. P. , Hariprasad M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Red sediments occur as three shore linear patches between Bavanapadi and Ichchapuram in north Andhra Pradesh coast. The unstructured red sediment lying over an antecedent topography is divisible into lower unit with calcretes and upper unit devoid of calcretes. The field observations, grain size parameters, heavy mineral assemblage and SEM studies of quartz grains signify an aeolian source, possibly formed by sand transport from the exposed continental shelf during the Quaternary regressive cycles. Formation of calcrete and red pigments are considered as post depositional phenomena. SEM studies of ilmenite, XRD and chemical studies of finer fractions reveal the in situ derivation of red haematite and goethite pigments from the alteration of ilmenite and precipitated interstitially to give rise to red colour.
Development of Oxfordian (Early Upper Jurassic) in the Most Proximally Exposed Part of the Kachchh Basin at Wagad Outside the Kachchh Mainland
Authors: Krishna Jai , Pathak Deo B. , Pandey Bindhyachal 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Over a century and half the Kachchh Oxfordian ammonoid record has remained restricted to Early and early Middle Oxfordian, that too in extremely condensed/reworked/starved sedimentary facies. In this backdrop we here discuss the Middle and Late Oxfordian ammonoid faunas recently discovered in Wagad (Krishna et al. 1994a, b). Among these the mid Middle Oxfordian stratigraphic interval is found exceptionally rich in ammonoids at Kantkote - the richest ever discovered in the Kachchh basin. It is made up of a 10m thick succession of 13 ammonoid levels. Farther up after a thick ammonoiddevoid sediment interval appear again a few rather ammonoid scarce levels of late Late Oxfordian age with doubtful extension into early Early Kimmeridgian. The Oxfordian/Kimmeridgian boundary may be included in the latter of the two ammonoid bearing intervals in the Orthosphinctes/Lithacosphincteslevels. The rich mid Middle Oxfordian anunonite fauna inspite of being known for over a century from loose imprecise, unlocalised collections has been stratigraphically precise and dated for the first time in the relatively unexplored. stratigraphic section of Wagad.
The anunonoid abundant mid Middle Oxfordian Transversarium Zone succession in addition of the restricted Indo-East African mayaitins and widely distributed perisphinctins includes a few examples of the Mediterranean Gregoryceras gr. fouquei, Euaspidoceras and Taramelliceras and suggests maximum flooding and eustatic rise in the Kachchh Mesozoic in the Middle Oxfordian Schilli Subzone of the Transversarium Zone. Another significant aspect of this fauna is the marked continuous presence of the compressed platyconic densely costate lithacoceratins (Larcheria and Discosphinctes) stocks in parallel with the true perisphinctin and mayaitin lineages almost althrough the Middle Oxfordian (Krishna et al. 1994a. b, 1995, 1996a). The mayaitins are for the first time precisely ranged up to the Transversarium Zone.
The basin margin Oxfordian ammonoid succession at Wagad shows recurrence only of small portion in its basal part of the previously known Oxfordian section of the Kachchh Mainland (e.g. the common Perisphinctes-Epimayaites assemblage of bed G Lakbapur). The remainder ca 200 m thick Oxfordian at Wagad is interpreted here to correspond to the non-depositional submarine stratigraphic gap elsewhere in the relatively deeper parts of the basin from the later part of the Middle Oxfordian Plicatilis Zone to the early Early Kimmeridgian Hypselocyclum Zone.
Randon/Helium Survey of Thermal Springs of Parbati, Beas and Sutlej Valleys in Himachal Himalaya
Authors: Virk H. S. , Sharma Anand K. , Kumar Naresh 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
India has more than 300 thermal springs spread over the entire geographical area of the sub-continent Some of these springs have linkage with Indian mythology and are famous pilgrimage centres since historical times. The temperature of water recorded in these springs varies from 40°C to that of steam. Some of them are being exploited as a source for geothermal energy.
The purpose of this study is to measure radon and helium activity in the thermal springs of Himachal Himalaya. Radon is estimated in the soil and thermal waters using alpha spectrometry and scintil1ometry, respectively. The radon activity is maximum (716.3 Bq/L) in thermal spring (3) at Kasol and minimum (15.9 Bq/L) in a natural spring (bauli) at Takrer Radon concentration is highly variable in the Parbati valley with minimum value of 2230±430 Bq/m3 recorded at Chhinjra on the banks of river Parbati and a maximum value of 57700±2050 Bq/m3 at Dharmaur, the site of uranium ore exploitation by the AMD(DAE). Helium is estimated in the thennal springs by using a Helium Leak Detector (sniffing technique). The radon and helium contents of Kasol thermal springs are correJatable with high radioactivity in the soil of the area as revealed by Alpha Guard survey in the environs of Parbati valley. The helium content recorded in thermal springs is found to vary between 15-90 ppm.
Radon and Helium are well established as geochemical precursors for earthquake prediction studies. Helium/Radon ratio seems to be a better predictive tool for earthquakes in comparison to individual radon and helium precursors.
A New Geochemical Reference Sample of Granite (DG-H) from Dalhousie, Himachal Himalaya
Authors: Saini N. K. , Mukherjee P. K. , Rathi M. S. , Khanna P. P. , Purohit K. K. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A new geochemical reference sample of Granite named as DG-H from Dalhousie, Himachal Pradesh is proposed for collaborative study. The sample has been tested for its suitability as a reference standard in terms of its bulk homogeneity using F-test carried out for 16 fractions of the sample analysed in duplicate. The relevant information like, location, geological set-up, mineralogical make-up, petrography, expected chemical composition and F-ratios derived for major oxides are given for the benefit of potential contributors and users. The proposed standard may prove useful for analysis of granitic rocks with high Cr and lower abundances of elements like Ba, Ca, Cu, Nb, Ni, Sr, Th, Y and Zr.
A Note on Gold Mineralisation in Banded Iron Formation, Goindari - Pararawa, Sonbhadra District, Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Khan M. A. , Dwivedi G. N. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Preliminary sampling of banded iron formation (BIF) of Agori Formation in Goindari and Pararawa areas of Sonbhadra district, has indicated gold mineralisation. Samples of BIF analysed 0.2g/t to 0.96 g/t and a sheared quartz vein sample gave 5.46 g/t gold.
Basin Configuration in Konkan Deepwaters: Western Indian Offshore
Authors: Thakur Sanjeev S. , Arasu R. T. , Subhramanyam V . S. R. , Srivastava A. K. , Murthy A .V. S. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The sedimentary patch in Konkan deepwaters, located west of the Konkan continental shelf contains over 3 km thick sediments. Based upon the interpretation of over 11,000 line km of seismic data, gross basin configuration model has been worked out. The basin floor at the base of Tertiary is differentiated into a series of rift zones containing synrift sediments. These zones are superimposed by post-rift sediments deposited as a result of flexurally distributed thermal subsidence. Therefore, the sediments in the basin are divisible into three distinct mega-seismic packages denoting three major tectonic habitats of the evolution of the Konkan continental margin. Based upon the basinal configuration of each mega-seismic package in space and time, tectono-sedimentary evolution of the continental margin is brought out with an assessment of hydrocarbon prospects.
Late Quaternary Microinvertebrate Assemblage from Fluvio-Lacustrine Sediments of the Lamayuru Basin, Ladakh Himalaya
Authors: Mathur P. D. , Kotlia B. S. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The paper reports molluscs (bivalves and gastropods) and ostracods from the Late Quaternary fluvio-lacustrine sediments of the Lamayuru basin, as well as from a present day lake in Leh, Ladakh. Eight fossiliferous horizons were located within the sequence. Out of seven micro-invertebrate taxa recovered. five (Pisidium sp. indet, Pisidium mitchelli, Succinea sp. indet, Gyraulus convexisculus and llyocypris gibba) are reported for the first time from the Ladakh region.
Deposition, Degradation and Preservation of Organic Carbon in the Pulicat Lake, Tamil Nadu, East Coast of India: Preliminary Results
Authors: Periakali P. , Eswaramoorthi S. , Subramanian S. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The sequential extraction of core sediment samples of Pulicat lake for the determination of exchangeable, carbonate-bound. Fe-Mn oxides-bound, and organic-bound fractions of Fe and Mn were carried out to study the remineralization of organic matter in the sediments. Iron and manganese oxides are highly depleted in the upper portion (0-18 cm) of the core due to their reduction during organic matter oxidation. The model calculations based on the solid phase organic carbon depth profile indicate an average accumulation rate for organic carbon in the Pulicat lake sediments to be 13.5 gC/m2.yr. The average remineralization rate is 12gC/m2.yr. This is around 89% of the organic carbon deposited in thc sediments. The remineralization of organic carbon in this lake sediment could release 16 x 103 tonnes of CO2 /yr.
Palaeocurrents and Depositional Setting in the Banganapalle Formation, Kurnool Sub-Basin, Cuddapah Basin, Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Lakshminarayana G. , Bhattacharjee S. , Kumar Ajit 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Palaeocurrents of the diamondiferous Banganapalle Formation show convergence towards Nandyal depression in the Kurnool Sub-basin. Localised depocentres, separated by E-W trending ridges, are identified near Kurnool, Paniam, Uppalapadu and Proddatur. These ridges pass through Gani, Banganapalle and Gandikota and have influenced sediment dispersal pattern in the Banganapalle Formation. Provenance for the Banganapalle Formation was mainly the intrabasinal tract occupied by lower Cuddapah sediments, igneous intrusives and the basement located to the west. Deposition commenced in an alluvial environment followed by intertidal setting.
Evaluation of Hydrouranium Anomalies in the Crystallines Along the Southwestern Margin of Cuddapah Basin, Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Dash S. K. , Sharma U. P. , Ramadoss K. , Singh Rajendra , Dwivedy K. K. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses, especially correlation study and factor analysis of uranium and other major ions in the groundwater of Chenchalapalle-Mulapalle area, known for its fracture controlled uranium mineralization, in the southwestern crystalline margin of Middle-Upper Proterozoic Cuddapah basin have revealed - (i) several well defined and distinct anomaly zones of &gt; 200, &gt; 500, &gt; 1000 ppb of uranium, (ii) enriching factors like TDS(Ec), HCO3-, Na+, K+, Ca+2 , Mg+2, Cl-, SO4-2 have poor to negligible influence on high uranium content and (iii) factor-3, identified as "mineralization factor" has high loading for uranium (0.948). The study on saturation indices of several uranium and other minerals indicated undersaturation for most of the aqueous uranium species, except for a few hydroxides. Particularly, schoepite (2UO3.5H2O) has low to moderate degree of supersaturation in samples from major anomalous zones.
Based on the distinctive hydrogeochemical attributes and geological and structural favourability factors, the tracts in the vicinity of Varikuntapalle (VKP). Dapepalle (DPL) and Pulikunta (PLK) villages, between Chenchalapalle-Mulapalle area in the southwestern crystalline margin of Cuddapah basin, are designated as potential target areas for detailed exploration.
Palaeomonsoon History During the Late Quaternary: Results of a Pilot Study on Sediments from the Laccadive Trough, Southeastern Arabian Sea
Authors: Sathy Naidu A. , Shankar R. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Stratigraphic sections of carbonate-free sediments at 5-10 cm intervals of a 1.2 m core (CA 3800) from the Laccadive Trough (water depth: 1724m) were analyzed for organic carbon (OC), nitrogen (N), OC/N, d13C and d15N, using a continuous flow stabte isotope mass spectrometer. Data on CaCO3 were also used. The generally high concentrations of OC (0.9-2.16%) and CaCO3 (32.2-54.4%) presumably reflect high productivity at the core site. The predominantly marine origin of the OC is indicated by the -19.6 to -18.2 d13C values.
Significantly higher carbonate is recorded in the Holocene than in the late Glacial, presumably reflecting increased Holocene productivity resulting from enhanced upwelling and summer monsoon during the Interglacial than Glacial. The late Glacial to Holocene increase in the mean OC/N from about 13 to 16 and d15N by 2‰, presumably mirrors a relative increase in denitrification in the oxygen-deficient zone coinciding with enhanced Holocene productivity in the southeastern Arabian Sea. Our interpretation on the paleoproductivity is consistent with those for the western Arabian Sea proposed by earlier workers for the above time period.