bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysing Mechanical Systems in Domestic and Foreign CAD Systems
Authors: Martynyuk V. A. , Trudonoshin V. A. , Fedoruk V. G. 
Published: March 2019

The article considers applications of foreign CAD-systems in creating the challenging projects at domestic enterprises and design bureaus. As stated in the article "... presently, there is no domestic CAD-system that could completely replace such foreign products as NX, CATIA, Credo". Besides, due to international cooperation in creating the challenging projects (for example, the project to create a modern wide-body aircraft, proposed jointly with China), it makes sense to use the worldwide known and popular CAD systems (the aforementioned NX, CATIA, Credo). Therefore, in the foreseeable future, we will still have to use foreign software products. Of course, there always remains a question of the reliability of the results obtained. Actually, this question is always open regardless of what software product is used - domestic or foreign. This question has been haunting both developers and users of CAD systems for the last 30 to 40 years. But with using domestic systems, it is much easier to identify the cause of inaccurate results and correct the mathematical models used, the methods of numerical integration applied, and the solution of systems of nonlinear algebraic systems. Everything is much more complicated if we use a foreign software product. All advertising conversations that there is a tool to make the detected errors available to the developers, remain only conversations in the real world. It is easily understandable to domestic users, and, especially, to domestic developers of similar software products. The existing development rates and competition for potential buyers dictate a rigid framework of deadlines for releasing all new versions of the product and introducing the latest developments into commercial product, etc. As a result, the known errors migrate from version to version, and many users have accepted it long ago. Especially, this concerns the less popular tools rather than the most popular applications (modules) of a CAD system. For example, in CAD systems, the "Modeling" module where geometric models of designed parts and assembly units are created has been repeatedly crosschecked. But most of the errors are hidden in applications related to the design of parts from sheet material and to the pipeline design, as well as in applications related to the analysis of moving mechanisms and to the strength or gas dynamic analysis by the finite element method.The article gives a concrete example of a moving mechanism in the analysis of which an error was detected using the mathematical model of external influence (a source of speed) in the NX 10.0 system of Siemens.
Multi-trajectory Fitness Function-based Method of Automated Test Coverage for Code Using Evolutionary Algorithms
Authors: Solomatina D. I. , Filippov M. V. 
Published: March 2019

Testing is a time consuming and resource intensive task. Testing often takes about half of the total project development time.Hence, in recent times, a lot of studies have considered the issues of the process automation of creating and running tests. Recently, a lot of papers have been published in the field concerned. However, most of them use unit testing, in which the coverage of different program fragments occurs independently of each other. Therefore, the internal structure of the program was not taken into account.The article presents a method to build a test suite based on evolutionary algorithms that takes into account the features of the entire program, as a whole.Evolutionary algorithms are a class of optimization algorithms that has been widely developed lately, using the ideas of artificial intelligence and intended for conducting directed search. They allow successful solving the problems of software testing, such as testing embedded systems and automatic construction of unit tests.With implementing evolutionary approach the article has solved the following tasks. Proposed a method for determining the fitness function, which allows us to consider an approximation along all possible trajectories, which provides a solution to the problem of coverage in almost any case. However, the number of such trajectories can be quite large, which leads to a significant increase in test execution time. Proposed a method of approximation along all possible trajectories, allowing testing to be done in a reasonable time. Time costs to achieve the goal are reduced by selecting such a trajectory among all possible ones for which a distance value to the instruction is minimal.To study the proposed method, there were four different tasks each of which involved about 1000 runs. The presented research results have shown that the given method is more reliable than the commonly used approaches in which the reference trajectory is selected. In addition, an estimate of time costs has shown that the discussed method has higher efficiency.
Exploring Practicability for Solving a Task Based on the Generalized Cellular Automata via SAT Solvers
Authors: Klyucharev P. G. 
Published: March 2019

The paper deals with exploring practicability to solve a task of the recovery key of generalized cellular automata via SAT solvers.The problem, which we call a task of the key recovery of generalized cellular automata, is under consideration. This task is formulated as follows. The generalized cellular automata, the positive integer s, the initial values of some cells, and the values of some cells after the s steps of the automata are given. It is required to find the initial values of the remaining cells (their number will be called the key length).To solve the task, were tested Picosat, MiniSat, Glucose, Lingeling, and CryptoMiniSat SAT solvers. In further computational experiments, was used the MiniSat, which was the best.The key recovery task was solved for the generalized cellular automata of a small size via the MiniSat SAT solver. Pizer's graphs were used as graphs of the automata. The key length was approximately half the number of the cells in the automata. As a result of the study, it turned out that operation time of a SAT solver quite significantly (several orders of magnitude) exceeds the estimated time of solution using the FPGA exhaustive method, and the empirical dependencies of the SAT-solver operation time on the key length are exponential.The obtained results confirm that SAT solvers disable effective solving a task under consideration. This allows giving the better reasons for the cryptographic security of the crypto-algorithms based on the generalized cellular automata with regard to the cryptanalysis methods using SAT solvers.
The role of thoracoscopic pneumonectomy in surgical treatment of lung diseases
Authors: Porkhanov V. A. , Danilov V. V. , Kononenko V. B. , Naryzhnyi N. V. , Kovalenko A. L. , Shtraub V. V. , Zhikharev V. A. 
Published: March 2019

The objective was to estimate the immediate results of thoracoscopic pneumonectomies in various surgical lung diseases.Material and methods. Patients were divided into groups depending on the surgical access: thoracoscopy – group 1 (15 patients), thoracotomy – group 2 (30 patients). We performed 12 left-sided (80 %) and 3 right-sided (20 %) operations in group 1. We performed 23 left-sided (76.7 %) and 7 right-sided (23.3 %) operations in group 2.Results. The average duration of the operation in group 1 was (161±27) min (from 120 to 230 min), in group 2 – (128±34) min (from 75 to 180 min). The number of removed lymph nodes during lymphadenectomy in group 1 was (19±10) nodes (from 6 to 40), in group 2 – (18±9) nodes (from 6 to 38). The severity of the pain syndrome after surgery on the Visual Analogue Scale for Pain in group 1 was 2.4±0.3, in group 2 – (4.4±0.3) (p=0.04), duration of ICU stay in group 1 was (2.0±0.7) days (from 1.0 to 3.0), in group 2 – (4.1±1.2) days (3.0 to 6.0). There were no mortality in both groups.Conclusion. In carefully selected patients, thoracoscopy access during pneumonectomy demonstrates better immediate results comparing to thoracotomy (less pain syndrome, shorter duration of treatment in the ICU, hospital) with the same duration of operation and volume of lymph dissection.
Thoracoabdominal stab wounds: modern surgical tactics
Authors: Kotiv B. N. , Samokhvalov I. M. , Markevich V. Ju. , Dzidzava I. I. , Barinov O. V. , Suvorov V. V. , Goncharov A. V. , Petukhov K. V. 
Published: March 2019

Theobjectivewas to determine the optimal therapeutic and diagnostic algorithm for thoracoabdominal injury.Material and methods. The results of the examination and treatment of 389 injured patients with combined stab wounds of chest and abdomen were analyzed. The injuries were thoracoabdominal in 54 (13.9 %) cases.Results. We analyzed instrumental invasive and non-invasive diagnostic methods. The sequence of surgical interventions was determined.Conclusion. We revealed that the correct sequence and volume of surgical intervention ensured the success of treating the injured patients, while in cases of competing sources of bleeding, priority should be given in favor of performing thoracotomy.
Functional results of surgical reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee joint in combination with lateral stabilization
Authors: Zayats V. V. , Dulaev A. K. , Zagorodnii N. V. , Dydykin A. V. , Ulianchenko I. N. 
Published: March 2019

Theobjectivewas to compare the effectiveness of isolated anatomical antegrade reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) with bonetendon-bone autograft (BTB autograft) and in combination with lateral extra-articular tenodesis (LEAT) graft from the iliotibial tract (ITT).Material and methods. We analyzed 187 arthroscopic ACL reconstructions in patients with a Pivot shift test – 3+ degree. We performed an isolated ACL-R in 118 (63.1 %) patients in group 1 and added the LEAT from ITB to it in group 2.Results. According to IKDC-2000: 176 (94.1 %) patients were included in categories A and B, 11 (5.9 %) – in C. Significant differences in these groups appeared 15 months after the operation. According to KOSS: in group 2, the anterior and rotational knee stability, as well as the level of sports activity were higher, and pathological symptoms were less common.Conclusion. LEAT from ITB increases stability and functionality of the knee joint in patients with anatomical antegrade ACL reconstructions with BTB-autograft for terms over 15 months after the operation, and is an economically procedure.
Determination of Dissociation Constants of Malonic Acid in (Ethylene Glycol-Water)X% Mixed Solvent at Different Temperatures Using Electromotive Force Measurements
Authors: Ahmed Soleen S. , Jamil Lazgin A. 
Published: March 2019

The first and second dissociation constants of malonic acid in different composition of (ethylene glycol-water)%, (10, 20 and 30)% mixed solvent determined using the electromotive force measurements of galvanic cells without liquid junction at nine different temperatures, at interval, including the body temperature. The value of the first and second thermodynamic dissociation constants have been used to determine the thermodynamic quantities of two dissociation processes. These quantities involved the standard free energy, standard enthalpy change, standard entropy change, and standard heat capacity change.
Sustainable mobility planning in Poland
Authors: Wołek Marcin 
Published: March 2019

For some time, sustainable urban mobility planning has been in the centre of attention of various cities and municipalities in Poland. Its substance involves integrating the urban transport and spatial policy. While the transport policy is well established in the functioning of Polish cities, its impact on their spatial sphere regarding balancing the mobility is extremely insufficient. The situation is even more difficult in metropolitan areas combining various territorial, functional and spatial subsystems. The article presents the idea and scope of sustainable urban mobility planning, the process of making the mobility in the Polish cities more sustainable, review of strategic documents on the national level referring to the said issue and the process of space metropolization as a challenge for developing mobility in a sustainable manner.
Sustainable transport development and the quality of road freight transport
Authors: Rucińska Danuta , Kędzior-Laskowska Małgorzata 
Published: March 2019

The aim of the article is to show the relationship between quality and sustainable development of road freight transport. The macro and microeconomic perspective of the possibilities of impacting the greening of transport, which is a development of the sector and entrepreneurs, was presented. Recommendations regarding the development of road freight transport including the EU and Polish transport policy were discussed. The possibilities for the development of road carriers in the conditions of transport greening, with particular emphasis on pro-quality activities were introduced.
The analysis of the problem was based on literature studies, statistics were also taken into account. In addition, the results of primary studies regarding the impact of the sustainable development principle and the quality of road freight transport services were presented. The research was conducted on the basis of a questionnaire, and in the interpretation of the results, position, variability and one-dimensional analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used.
Modelado y simulación de la deformación plástica del aluminio ASTM A1200 durante el proceso de conformado mecánico
Authors: Juiña Luis C , Cabrera Víctor H , Moreno Nancy V , Anrango Cristian A 
Published: March 2019

La investigación tiene por finalidad evaluar el comportamiento de un material al ser sometido a una deformación plástica. El proceso estuvo compuesto de una fase analítica realizada mediante formulaciones previas y por un proceso de integración con el fin de determinar el desarrollo en plano de una pieza conformada, para ello se establecieron los esfuerzos generados y cambios de sección durante el proceso de embutido, se utilizó software de simulación basado en elementos finitos para evaluar el comportamiento del material en el proceso mencionado. En la parte experimental se determinó las características mecánicas del material, aluminio ASTM A1200, mediante el ensayo normalizado, el límite de fluencia fue de 214 MPa. El proceso de conformado se efectúo en una prensa de 5 t con dispositivo neumático, se realizaron varios ensayos con diferentes profundidades con el objetivo de comparar los resultados analíticos y el ensayo respectivo; determinar la variación entre la simulación y el modelo físico, de los cuales el error máximo fue de 3.67 % a 15 mm de profundidad y el mínimo de 0.24 % con la profundidad total. Con respecto a los esfuerzos generados durante el conformado, los errores máximos y mínimos fueron de 10.9 % y 2.18 %, respectivamente.
Specific features of formation of bulk porous systems in the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis. Borides
Authors: Klubovich V. V. , Kulak M. M. , Khina B. B. 
Published: March 2019

The effect of ultrasound oscillations (USO) on the combustion velocity and temperature, phase composition and microstructure of compounds produced by the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) in the Ti–B system is studied using the earlier developed experimental setup. It is shown that the effect of powerful ultrasound on SHS is connected with the thermal factor, viz. the enhancement of heat removal from the specimen surface due to forced convection, and the physical (non-thermal) factor that consists in the influence of USO on the melt spreading and crystallization of different phases in the SHS wave. It is demonstrated that for multiphase system Ti–B an increase of the boron content in the initial charge leads to grain refinement of the synthesized product and the imposition of USO on the SHS results in a change in the grain morphology: their shape becomes closer to equiaxial. In composition Ti+1.5B, under the action of USO cubic-shape product grains are observed on the inner surface of pores, and in composition Ti+2.0B the synthesized TiB2 grains become more vividly facetted.As a result of imposition of ultrasound on the synthesis process, grain refinement is observed for all the compositions along with the formation of a large number of borides and their redistribution in the volume. The use of ultrasound brings about changes in the quantitative phase composition of the synthesis products and the ratio between the orthorhombic and cubic modifications of phase TiB. The research has shown that the presence of pores in the initial charge plays an important role in the structure formation of the final product, and hence it appears impossible to obtain an equilibrium material by the SHS method. It is found that an optimal USO amplitude exists at which it is possible to obtain uniform fine-grained structure of the material. This permits controlling the structure formation at SHS.
Influence of the structure of the steel of electroslag remelting on the properties of cemented and nitrided surfaces of machine parts
Authors: Vitiaz P. A. , Moiseenko V. I. , Sidorenko A. G. , Sotnikov M. V. 
Published: March 2019

The analysis of the influence of electroslag remelting steel structure on the properties of cemented and nitrided surfaces of machine parts is carried out. It is noted that when using electroslag remelting, the greatest efficiency is achieved in the production of large-sized gearwheels, hardened by cementation and ion nitriding. It is shown that cast steel, crystallized in a water cooled crystallizer, has a strength not lower than forged or rolled with significantly lower anisotropy properties and accelerated carbon diffusion when cementation. The discovered patterns are caused by the structural and chemical homogeneity of boundary grain volumes, which formation is affected by copper impurities. Uniform density of copper in the said volumes not only reduces their propensity to localize plastic deformation, but contributes to a higher ability for uniform carburization of these steels in the process of cementation. This causes a change in the main characteristics of the cemented layers and is the basis for increasing the bearing capacity of the gearwheels. The obtained results also testify to the fact that controlling grain-boundary effects in steel material at the stage of crystallization of blanks can be a significant factor in increasing the characteristics of the hardened layer in the manufacture of nitrided gearwheels from cast blanks of the electroslag redistribution. A set of studies was carried out and results were obtained which indicate that the control of grain boundary effects in modern steel material at the stage of its crystallization may be a significant factor in improving the characteristics of the hardened layer in the manufacture of cemented and nitrated gear wheels from cast billets electroslag remelting.
KARAKTERISTIK PENGERINGAN SAWUT MOCAF MENGGUNAKAN ALAT PENGERING TENAGA SURYA TIPE GREENHOUSE
Authors: Murad Murad , Sabani Rahmat , Kurniawan Hary , Muttalib Surya Abdul , Khalil Fakhrul Irfan 
Published: March 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari karakterisitik Pengeringan Sawut Mocaf menggunakan alat pengering tenaga surya tipe greenhouse. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimental dengan mengukur beberapa parameter, yaitu penurunan berat bahan, kadar air, suhu pengering, suhu lingkungan, kelembaban udara dan laju pengeringan. Alat yang digunakan adalah pengering tenaga surya tipe greenhouse, termokopel CA tipe CC (Cooper Constanta), timbangan digital, timbangan analitis, anemometer, rekam data, luxmeter, stopwatch, termometer batang dan alat tulis. Pengambilan data dilakukan setiap 30 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan karakteristik suhu di dalam ruang pengering ERK yang diukur pada setiap rak dan pada bagian saluran udara keluar melalui exhaust fan. Peningkatan radiasi surya pada umumnya terjadi pada tengah hari yaitu sekitar pukul 12.00 wita sampai pukul 13.00 wita, sedangkan pada saat pemantauan ERK kondisi cuaca cukup berawan sehingga terjadi penurunan radiasi surya. Didapatkan rata-rata temperatur ruang pengering selama pengeringan adalah 39oC, kelembaban udara relatif rata-rata 63%, penurunan berat bahan tiap jam rata-rata 0,95 gram/jam, laju penurunan kadar air rata-rata 55,25% db/jam dari kadar air awal sebesar 67% db sampai kada air mencapai 10%db dan rata-rata Me diperoleh sebesar 14,22%. Dari hasil penelitian pengeringan sawut mocaf yang diperoleh, maka disimpulkan bahwa laju perubahan kadar air MOCAF memiliki karakteristik laju menurun terhadap waktu.
KAJIAN PROSES DAN ANALISIS KELAYAKAN FINANSIAL USAHA UBI CILEMBU BAKAR
Authors: Thoriq Ahmad , Widyasanti Asri 
Published: March 2019

Ubi cilembu merupakan varietas unggul lokal asal Desa Cilembu Kabupaten Sumedang, Jawa Barat. Rasa yang manis seperti madu dihasilkan melalui proses penanaman pada ketinggian tertentu, pemeraman setelah pasca panen, dan dipanggang menggunakan oven. Kebijakan konversi bahan bakar minyak ke bahan bakar gas, berimplikasi pada usaha pemanggangan ubi cilembu yang sebelumnya menggunakan oven berbahan bakar minyak tanah. Namun seiring terbatasnya ketersediaan dan tingginya harga minyak tanah menuntut modifikasi oven pemanggang menggunakan bahan bakar gas. Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan kajian proses dan menganalisis kelayakan finansial usaha pemanggangan ubi cilembu. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode ekperimen yang di kolaborasikan dengan metode deskriptif untuk untuk menganalisis kelayakan finansial usaha pemanggangan ubi cilembu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suhu rata-rata ruang pemanggang adalah 138 0C, kapasitas efektif pemanggangan 6,64 kg/jam, laju konsumsi LPG 0,44 kg/jam, Laju penurunan berat rata-rata ubi cilembu selama proses pemanggangan 5,66 gram per menit untuk grade C dan 3,68 gram per menit untuk grade B dengan rendemen ubi cilembu pangang yang dihasilkan sebesar 77,38% dan bobot sebesar 22,62%. Berdasarkan analisis kelayakan finansial didapatkan HPP Rp. 14.132,72/kg, NPV Rp. 73.154.539/bulan, BCR 1,28, IRR 20,06 % dan modal akan kembali pada bulan kedelapan.
THE EFFECT OF CONVECTIVE FIXED BED DRYING BASED ON A SOLAR COLLECTOR AND PHOTOVOLTAIC (CSD) TO THE QUALITY ATRIBUTES OF RED PEPPER COMPARED WITH CONVENTIONAL CONVECTIVE FIXED BED DRYING (CCD)
Authors: Mardiyani Siti Asmaniyah , Sumarlan Sumardi Hadi , Argo Bambang Dwi , Leksono Amin Setyo 
Published: March 2019

The effect of conventional convective drying (CCD) and convective solar drying (CSD) based on a solar collector and photovoltaic on the quality of dried red pepper was researched. The study was aimed to determine the effect of five drying system (CCD 50°C, CCD 60°C, CCD 70°C, CSD, and open sun drying) on the quality attributes of dried red pepper. The quality observed were rehydration ratio, ascorbic acid, capsaicin, non-enzymatic browning index, anthocyanin, and carotenoids. The results of the study confirmed that the drying system significantly affected the quality attributes of dried red pepper except for anthocyanin. The CSD had a satisfactory result, shown by some attributes (carotenoids, ascorbic acid, and ratio) which were not statistically different from the quality of dried red pepper gained from CCD 50°C.