bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gelsolin-like actin-capping protein has prognostic value and promotes tumorigenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the Hippo signaling pathway in human bladder cancer
Authors: Zhaojie Lyu , Yuchen Liu , Miao Chen , Yacun Chen , Shayi Wu , Anbang He , Xinhui Liao , Meng Zhang , Peipei Wu , Hongbing Mei , Feng Wang , Zhiming Cai , Xinyuan Guan 
Published: April 2019

Background: Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder, the major histologic subtype of bladder cancer, is increasing in incidence and mortality, which requires the identification of effective biomarkers. Actin-regulating proteins have recently been proposed as important antitumor druggable targets. As a gelsolin-family actin-modulating protein, CAPG (gelsolin-like actin-capping protein) generated great interest due to its crucial effects in various biological and physiological processes; however, the role and mechanism of CAPG in TCCs remain unknown. Materials and methods: Bioinformatic analysis and immunohistochemistry of clinical specimens were performed to detect the expression level of CAPG. Both in vitro and in vivo assays were used to determine the oncogenic effect of CAPG in TCCs. Male 4–5-week-old BALB/c nude mice were used for in vivo tumorigenesis assays, while SCID mice were used for in vivo metastatic assays. Affymetrix microarray was used to identify the underlying molecular mechanism. Western blot and immunofluorescence were used to validate the expression and localization of proteins. Results: CAPG was frequently upregulated in TCCs and associated with clinical aggressiveness and worse prognosis. Functional assays demonstrated that CAPG could contribute to the tumorigenesis, metastasis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of TCCs both in vitro and in vivo. A novel mechanism that CAPG promoted TCC development via inactivating the Hippo pathway, leading to a nucleus translocation of Yes-associated protein was suggested. Conclusions: The current study identified CAPG as a novel and critical oncogene in TCCs, supporting the pursuit of CAPG as a potential target for TCC intervention.
Effect of Intranasal Corticosteroids on Secondary Sinonasal Symptoms: A Systematic Review of Randomized Trials
Authors: Deot Neal , Barr Jeremy , Mankowski Nicholas , Brunner Jacob , McCoul Edward D. 
Published: April 2019

Background Intranasal corticosteroid (INCS) sprays are indicated for use in the treatment of seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis and include aqueous and nonaqueous formulations. Secondary symptoms of rhinitis include postnasal drip, facial pain/pressure, headache, cough, and ear fullness. The effectiveness of INCS on these specific symptoms, as well as the comparative effectiveness of aqueous and nonaqueous formulations, is poorly defined. Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of aqueous versus nonaqueous INCS formulations on less common sinonasal symptoms. Methods A systematic review was conducted of English-language, randomized controlled trials, with adherence to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) standard. Studies that did not provide quantitative data on relief of postnasal drip, facial pain/pressure, headache, cough, and ear fullness were excluded. An itemized assessment of the risk of bias was conducted for each included study. Results Of the 118 studies identified, 9 met the criteria for qualitative analysis. An effect on postnasal drip was reported in 5 studies, facial pain/pressure in 2 studies, and cough in 2 studies. A reduction in a specific symptom was reported in about half of these studies, with heterogenous outcome measures. Only 1 study reported the effect of a nonaqueous formulation on a specific symptom. No studies reported an effect on aural fullness. Conclusions Limited data are available regarding the effectiveness of aqueous or nonaqueous INCS on secondary symptoms in adult patients with rhinitis. Further study is needed using homogenous outcome measures and direct comparison of INCS formulations.
Psychosocial Effects of a Holistic Ayurvedic Approach to Well-being in Health and Wellness Courses
Authors: Patel Sheila , Klagholz Stephen , Peterson Christine T , Weiss Lizabeth , Chopra Deepak , Mills Paul J 
Published: April 2019

Background As individuals are increasingly attending health and wellness courses outside of the conventional medical system, there is a need to obtain objective data on the effects of those programs on well-being. Methods In total, 154 men and women (mean age 54.7 years; range 25–83) participated in 3 different holistic wellness programs based on Ayurvedic Medicine principles (Seduction of Spirit, Journey into Healing, and Perfect Health) or a vacation control group. Psychosocial outcomes included spirituality (Delaney Spirituality Scale), mindful awareness (Mindful Attention Awareness Scale), psychological flexibility (Acceptance and Action Questionnaire), mood (Center for Epidemiology Studies-Depression), and anxiety (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement System Anxiety Scale). Results Participants in the Seduction of Spirit ( P < .004), Journey into Healing ( P < .05), and Perfect Health ( P < .004) courses showed significant increases in spirituality as compared to vacation controls. Participants in Seduction of Spirit ( P < .007) also showed significant increases in mindfulness as compared to vacation controls. Participants in the Seduction of Spirit ( P < .001) and Journey into Healing ( P < .05) courses showed significant decreases in depressed mood as compared to those in the Perfect Health and vacation control groups. All study participants showed similar increases in psychological flexibility ( P < .01) and decreases in anxiety ( P < .01). Conclusion Participation in wellness courses that incorporate a mind–body–spirit approach to health improves multiple domains of psychosocial well-being, which persists even after course participation.
Cessation Attitudes and Preferences in Head and Neck Cancer Patients and Implications for Cessation Program Design: A Brief Report
Authors: Nightingale Chandylen L , Sterba Katherine R , Tooze Janet A , King Jessica L , Weaver Kathryn E 
Published: April 2019

Introduction This brief report examined prior cessation attempts, attitudes toward nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), and interests in cessation interventions among head and neck cancer (HNC) patients with a recent smoking history (current smokers and recent quitters). Methods Forty-two HNC patients scheduled for major surgery who reported current or recent (quit <6 months) cigarette smoking participated. Participants completed a survey to assess smoking status, prior cessation attempts, attitudes toward NRT, and interest in and preferences for cessation interventions. Results Patients attempted to quit smoking on average 3.2 times in the past 12 months. Most patients (65.8%) reported that NRT products help people quit, with 42.5% reporting ever using cessation aids/services. Most patients (81.8%) reported interest in a smoking cessation program. Current smokers and recent quitters reported similar cessation attempts, attitudes toward NRT, and interest in smoking cessation interventions. Discussion Cancer center-based smoking cessation interventions are needed for current smokers and recent quitters maintaining cessation.
Service Good as an Intermediate Input and Optimal Government Policy in an Endogenous Growth Model
Authors: Gupta Senjuti , Chakraborty Bidisha , (Chatterjee) Tanmoyee Banerjee 
Published: April 2019

The present article considers an endogenous growth model in which the service output is used as intermediate good in commodity sector, tax is imposed on manufacturing product and the revenue earned is invested to create human capital. It is shown that there exists a unique, saddle path stable steady-state growth rate of human capital accumulation and a unique growth-maximizing tax rate. The optimal tax rate for the command economy is compared with growth-maximizing tax rate in competitive economy. A numerical analysis shows that the command economy will have a higher growth rate than the competitive economy. An extension of the model where households privately spend for accumulation of human capital yields the same growth rate as that of the command economy of the previous model. JEL Classification: E6, H2, O4
Effect of liraglutide on cardiac function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: randomized placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Bizino Maurice B. , Jazet Ingrid M. , Westenberg Jos J. M. , van Eyk Huub J. , Paiman Elisabeth H. M. , Smit Jan W. A. , Lamb Hildebrandus J. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Background
Liraglutide is an antidiabetic agent with cardioprotective effect. The purpose of this study is to test efficacy of liraglutide to improve diabetic cardiomyopathy in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) without cardiovascular disease.

Methods
Patients with DM2 were randomly assigned to receive liraglutide 1.8 mg/day or placebo in this double-blind trial of 26 weeks. Primary outcome measures were LV diastolic function (early (E) and late (A) transmitral peak flow rate, E/A ratio, early deceleration peak (Edec), early peak mitral annular septal tissue velocity (Ea) and estimated LV filling pressure (E/Ea), and systolic function (stroke volume, ejection fraction, cardiac output, cardiac index and peak ejection rate) assessed with CMR. Intention-to-treat analysis of between-group differences was performed using ANCOVA. Mean estimated treatment differences (95% confidence intervals) are reported.

Results
23 patients were randomized to liraglutide and 26 to placebo. As compared with placebo, liraglutide significantly reduced E (− 56 mL/s (− 91 to − 21)), E/A ratio (− 0.17 (− 0.27 to − 0.06)), Edec (− 0.9 mL/s2 * 10−3 (− 1.3 to − 0.2)) and E/Ea (− 1.8 (− 3.0 to − 0.6)), without affecting A (3 mL/s (− 35 to 41)) and Ea (0.4 cm/s (− 0.9 to 1.4)). Liraglutide reduced stroke volume (− 9 mL (− 16 to − 2)) and ejection fraction (− 3% (− 6 to − 0.1)), but did not change cardiac output (− 0.4 L/min (− 0.9 to 0.2)), cardiac index (− 0.1 L/min/m2 (− 0.4 to 0.1)) and peak ejection rate (− 46 mL/s (− 95 to 3)).

Conclusions
Liraglutide reduced early LV diastolic filling and LV filling pressure, thereby unloading the left ventricle. LV systolic function reduced and remained within normal range. Future studies are needed to investigate if liraglutide-induced left ventricular unloading slows progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy into symptomatic stages.
Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01761318.
Myocardial mechano-energetic efficiency and insulin resistance in non-diabetic members of the Strong Heart Study cohort
Authors: Mancusi Costantino , de Simone Giovanni , Best Lyle G. , Wang Wenyu , Zhang Ying , Roman Mary J. , Lee Elisa T. , Howard Barbara V. , Devereux Richard B. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Background
Myocardial energetic efficiency (MEE), is a strong predictor of CV events in hypertensive patient and is reduced in patients with diabetes and metabolic syndrome. We hypothesized that severity of insulin resistance (by HOMA-IR) negatively influences MEE in participants from the Strong Heart Study (SHS).

Methods
We selected non-diabetic participants (n = 3128, 47 ± 17 years, 1807 women, 1447 obese, 870 hypertensive) free of cardiovascular (CV) disease, by merging two cohorts (Strong Heart Study and Strong Heart Family Study, age range 18–93). MEE was estimated as stroke work (SW = systolic blood pressure [SBP] × stroke volume [SV])/“double product” of SBP × heart rate (HR), as an estimate of O2 consumption, which can be simplified as SV/HR ratio and expressed in ml/sec. Due to the strong correlation, MEE was normalized by left ventricular (LV) mass (MEEi).

Results
Linear trend analyses showed that with increasing quartiles of HOMA-IR patients were older, more likely to be women, obese and hypertensive, with a trend toward a worse lipid profile (all p for trend < 0.001), progressive increase in LV mass index, stroke index and cardiac index and decline of wall mechanics (all p < 0.0001). In multivariable regression, after adjusting for confounders, and including a kinship coefficient to correct for relatedness, MEEi was negatively associated with HOMA-IR, independently of significant associations with age, sex, blood pressure, lipid profile and central obesity (all p < 0.0001).

Conclusions
Severity of insulin resistance has significant and independent negative impact on myocardial mechano-energetic efficiency in nondiabetic individual from a population study of American Indians.
Trial registration number NCT00005134, Name of registry: Strong Heart Study, URL of registry: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00005134, Date of registration: May 25, 2000, Date of enrolment of the first participant to the trial: September 1988
An evaluation of the characteristics and outcomes of users of a street triage service: retrospective case note review
Authors: Molodynski Andrew , Hollingsworth Sarah , Penzenstadler Louise , Perfect Devon , Puntis Stephen 
Published: April 2019

Aims and methodStreet triage services are now common but the population they serve is poorly understood. We aimed to evaluate a local service to determine the characteristics of those using it and their outcomes in the 90 day period following contact.ResultsWe found that there were high levels of service use and that the vast majority of contacts were via telephone rather than in person. Street triage was used by both existing secondary mental health patients and non-patients. Follow-up rates with secondary services were high in the former and low in the latter case.ImplicationsServices are very busy where they exist and may be replacing traditional crisis services. It is not apparent that they work to increase follow-up among those using them, unless they are already in contact with services. In this service, although there was a joint response model nearly all responses were provided by telephone.
Are neuropsychiatric symptoms modifiable risk factors for cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia?
Authors: Savulich George , O'Brien John T. , Sahakian Barbara J. 
Published: April 2019

SummaryAlzheimer's disease and vascular dementia are associated with overlapping symptoms of anxiety and depression. More accurate discrimination between emerging neuropsychiatric and cognitive symptoms would better assist illness detection. The potential for protection against cognitive decline and dementia following early identification and intervention of neuropsychiatric symptoms warrants investigation.
Family-Based Quantitative Trait Meta-Analysis Implicates Rare Noncoding Variants in DENND1A in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Dapas Matthew , Sisk Ryan , Legro Richard S , Urbanek Margrit , Dunaif Andrea , Hayes M Geoffrey 
Published: April 2019

AbstractContextPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is among the most common endocrine disorders of premenopausal women, affecting 5% to15% of this population depending on the diagnostic criteria applied. It is characterized by hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, and polycystic ovarian morphology. PCOS is highly heritable, but only a small proportion of this heritability can be accounted for by the common genetic susceptibility variants identified to date.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to test whether rare genetic variants contribute to PCOS pathogenesis.Design, Patients, and MethodsWe performed whole-genome sequencing on DNA from 261 individuals from 62 families with one or more daughters with PCOS. We tested for associations of rare variants with PCOS and its concomitant hormonal traits using a quantitative trait meta-analysis.ResultsWe found rare variants in DENND1A (P = 5.31 × 10−5, adjusted P = 0.039) that were significantly associated with reproductive and metabolic traits in PCOS families.ConclusionsCommon variants in DENND1A have previously been associated with PCOS diagnosis in genome-wide association studies. Subsequent studies indicated that DENND1A is an important regulator of human ovarian androgen biosynthesis. Our findings provide additional evidence that DENND1A plays a central role in PCOS and suggest that rare noncoding variants contribute to disease pathogenesis.
Engineering the cellular mechanical microenvironment – from bulk mechanics to the nanoscale
Authors: Matellan Carlos , del Río Hernández Armando E. 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT
The field of mechanobiology studies how mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM), such as stiffness, and other mechanical stimuli regulate cell behaviour. Recent advancements in the field and the development of novel biomaterials and nanofabrication techniques have enabled researchers to recapitulate the mechanical properties of the microenvironment with an increasing degree of complexity on more biologically relevant dimensions and time scales. In this Review, we discuss different strategies to engineer substrates that mimic the mechanical properties of the ECM and outline how these substrates have been applied to gain further insight into the biomechanical interaction between the cell and its microenvironment.
Modeling and Simulation of Nonstationary Non-Poisson Arrival Processes
Authors: Liu Ran , Kuhl Michael E. , Liu Yunan , Wilson James R. 
Published: April 2019

We develop CIATA, a combined inversion-and-thinning approach for modeling a nonstationary non-Poisson process (NNPP), where the target arrival process is described by a given rate function and its associated mean-value function together with a given asymptotic variance-to-mean (dispersion) ratio. CIATA is based on the following: (i) a piecewise-constant majorizing rate function that closely approximates the given rate function from above; (ii) the associated piecewise-linear majorizing mean-value function; and (iii) an equilibrium renewal process (ERP) whose noninitial interrenewal times have mean 1 and variance equal to the given dispersion ratio. Transforming the ERP by the inverse of the majorizing mean-value function yields a majorizing NNPP whose arrival epochs are then thinned to deliver an NNPP having the specified properties. CIATA-Ph is a simulation algorithm that implements this approach based on an ERP whose noninitial interrenewal times have a phase-type distribution. Supporting theorems establish that CIATA-Ph can generate an NNPP having the desired mean-value function and asymptotic dispersion ratio. Extensive simulation experiments substantiated the effectiveness of CIATA-Ph with various rate functions and dispersion ratios. In all cases, we found approximate convergence of the dispersion ratio to its asymptotic value beyond a relatively short warm-up period. The online supplement is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ijoc.2018.0828 .
A Psicologia pela lente de Renato Kehl
Authors: Faggion Melline Ortega , Boarini Maria Lucia 
Published: April 2019

Diversos integrantes da Liga Brasileira de Higiene Mental/LBHM tiveram lugar significativo no processo de difusão e consolidação da psicologia no Brasil. A LBHM tinha como meta contribuir com a transformação do país em nação moderna a exemplo dos países europeus. Alinhados a tal proposta, tinha como principio o ideário da higiene mental e, a partir de 1928, o ideário da eugenia. Neste trabalho temos como objetivo analisar os títulos Tipos vulgares, publicado em 1927, e Psicologia da personalidade, publicado em 1941, de autoria de Renato Kehl (1889-1974), membro atuante da Liga, destacando-se sobremaneira como defensor e publicista da eugenia. Percorrendo estas obras à luz da historicidade dos fatos, observamos que os saberes psicológicos difundidos e apropriados pelo autor, referem-se a uma psicologia tida como científica, reverberada pela fisiologia experimental da psicologia europeia. Nas obras, é marcante o debate acerca do conhecimento e avaliação da personalidade para construção de uma nação forte. É igualmente marcante a concepção biologizante de homem e o caráter secundário das relações sociais na formação humana. As asserções de Kehl lançam luz às contribuições da psicologia naquela época e nos fazem refletir criticamente sobre concepções que ainda imperam no campo científico e profissional da psicologia.
Lecturas de Piaget en América Latina: Emilia Ferreiro, la lectoescritura y el fracaso escolar
Authors: Scherman Patricia , Vissani Laura , Fantini Nilda 
Published: April 2019

O texto apresenta as transformações na leitura e utilização da teoria de Piaget na Argentina na década de 1970, e como foram estes trabalhos levantaram importantes questões sociais da época . Primeiro, introduz-se o trabalho de Ferreiro, sua formação educacional e as pesquisas que levaram à publicação do livro Psicogênese da língua escrita (Ferreiro & Teberosky, 1979). Em seguida, apresentam-se as inovações que esse texto produziu na época: uma nova leitura da teoria de Piaget na mídia acadêmica da Argentina; a utilização da psicologia genética em um novo campo; a realização de uma pesquisa empírica a partir do método piagetiano; a localização do problema do acesso à alfabetização e sua relação com o fracasso escolar, envolvendo aspectos até então invisíveis, como a pobreza e a desigualdade social na América Latina. Finalmente, expomos os avatares da recepção do texto na Argentina, aí aparecendo as marcas da ditadura militar, como o exílio, a censura e a clandestinidade; o encontro com o texto de Ferreiro mostra o rosto da perseguição exercida sobre os intelectuais e as formas clandestinas de circulação de conhecimento que uma geração profissional teve que enfrentar.
Formas contemporâneas de fazer pesquisa em História da Psicologia
Authors: Vilena Kely Cristina Garcia , Xavier Marciana Vieira de Souza , Miranda Rodrigo Lopes 
Published: April 2019

Assis, R. M. & Peres, S. P. (Orgs.). (2016). História da Psicologia: Tendências Contemporâneas. Belo Horizonte: Ed. Artesã.
Impact of HIV on spontaneous spondylodiscitis
Authors: Dunn R. N. , Castelein S. , Held M. 
Published: April 2019

Aims HIV predisposes patients to opportunistic infections. However, with the establishment of Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART), patients’ CD4 counts are maintained, as is a near normal life expectancy. This study aimed to establish the impact of HIV on the bacteriology of spondylodiscitis in a region in which tuberculosis (TB) is endemic, and to identify factors that might distinguish between them. Patients and Methods Between January 2014 and December 2015, 63 consecutive cases of spontaneous spondylodiscitis were identified from a single-centre, prospectively maintained database. Demographics, presenting symptoms, blood results, HIV status, bacteriology, imaging, and procedure undertaken were reviewed and comparisons made of TB, non-TB, and HIV groups. There were 63 patients (22 male, 41 female) with a mean age of 42.0 years (11 to 78; sd 15.0). Results In total, 53 patients had tuberculous, nine bacterial, and one cryptococcal spondylodiscitis. There were 29 HIV-positive patients, 29 HIV-negative patients, and five patients with unknown HIV status. The local incidence of TB spondylodiscitis was 1.54/100 000 and that of non-TB spondylodiscitis was 0.29/100 000 per annum. TB patients were younger with similar clinical presentation and infective markers, but were more likely to have a paraspinal abscess. They were also less likely to have a hyperintense disc on MRI. There was no difference between the two HIV groups. Conclusion In areas of endemic TB and HIV, TB remains the most common cause of spondylodiscitis at five times the rate of non-tuberculous causes. HIV managed with HAART increases the rate of infection but does not influence the bacteriology unless there is a low CD4. There was little to differentiate the groups. TB /HIV co-infected patients were younger than non-TB and HIV-negative patients. Non-TB patients were more likely to have disc hyperintensity on MRI and TB patients were more likely to have abscess formation, but as both groups exhibited these features, neither was diagnostic. Culture confirmation remains necessary. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:617–620.