bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“CAIXAS PRETAS”: AS CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA TEORIA DAVILIANA PARA A SEMIÓTICA DE GREIMAS “BLACK BOXES”: THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE DAVILIAN THEORY FOR THE GREIMAS’S SEMIOTICS
Authors: SANTOS Valdenido Dos 
Published: April 2018

RESUMO: Este trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre a obra “Semiótica Sincrética Aplicada. Novas Tendências (2007) de Nícia Ribas D’Ávila no sentido de se verificar se sua proposta, de fato, preenche uma pressuposta “caixa preta” deixada por Algirdas Julien Greimas em sua semiótica. Quanto à metodologia, partiu-se de pesquisas preliminares de ordem descritiva de iniciação científica assumindo um caráter teórico (2014), desde as leituras que dizem respeito à metodologia de pesquisa (GIL, 2002) às leituras mais específicas quanto à teoria em questão, com um relato detalhado das atividades que se estenderão até 2018. Com a participação de alunos da graduação e pós-graduação de um grupo de pesquisas em Ensino e Aprendizado de Línguas e Leituras Semióticas, os resultados parciais, uma vez que esta é uma parte de uma pesquisa maior, indicam que D’Ávila tem contribuído de forma decisiva para se não o desvelamento, a ampliação do legado deixado por Greimas no tocante à figuralidade que precede a figuratividade vastamente explorada e aplicada por vários semioticistas greimasianos.PALAVRAS-CHAVES: Semiótica, Greimas, “Caixas Pretas”, Figuratividade Visual. ABSTRACT: This work presents a study on the work “Semiótica Sincrética Aplicada. Novas Tendências (2007)" by Nícia Ribas D'Ávila in order to verify if her proposal, in fact, fills a supposed "black box" left by Algirdas Julien Greimas in his semiotics. As for the methodology, it was based on preliminary researches of descriptive order of scientific initiation assuming a theoretical character (2014), from the readings that refer to the research methodology (GIL, 2002) to the more specific readings regarding the theory in question, with a detailed account of the activities that will extend until 2018. With the participation of undergraduate and graduate students of a research group in Teaching and Learning of Languages and Semiotic Readings, the partial results, since this is a part of a bigger research, indicates that D'Ávila has contributed decisively if not to the unveiling, but at least for the enlargement of the legacy left by Greimas in the figurality mode that precedes the figurativity mode vastly exploited and applied by several greimasian semioticists.KEY-WORDS: Semiotics, Greimas, “Black Boxes”, Visual Figurativity.
PENGARUH PERBANDINGAN BUBUK COKLAT DAN TEPUNG KETAN TERHADAP SIFAT KIMIA DAN SENSORI DODOL COKLAT [Effect of the Comparison of Cocoa Powder and Glutinous Rice Flour on the Chemical and Sensory Properties of Chocolate Dodol]
Authors: Nurainy Fibra , Nawansih Otik , Sitanggang Merry Monika 
Published: April 2018

Chocolate dodol is one of food product made from cocoa beans processingtoincrease the economic value. Chocolate dodol processing technology is simple enough to be made in small scale industry (home industry). The research was purposedto obtain a formulation of glutinousriceflour andcocoapowderto getthe best physical, chemical and sensory characteristics of chocolate dodol. The research was designed in a Completely Randomized Block Design in 4 replication. The treatments had 6 levels of comparison of cocoa powder and glutinous rice flour, that were L1 (5%:95%); L2 (10%:90%); L3 (15%:85%); L4 (20%:80%); L5 (25%:75%); L6 (30%:70%%), respectively. Data were analyzed with analysis of variant to find the treatment effects, and the data were further analyzed with Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test on level of 5% to find the best treatment. The research showed that the best chocolate dodol was made of 25%-30% cocoa powder and 70%-75% glutinous rice flour. The best chocolate dodol had a plastic texture, tasteand flavor of chocolate, dark brown in color, water content of 3,49%-3,86%, fat content of 2,61%-3,00%, protein content of 0,27%, ash content of 0,69% and carbohydrate content of 92,16%.
EFEK KOPIGMENTASI DARI KATEKOL DAN TANIN TERHADAP STABILITAS ANTOSIANIN BEKATUL BERAS KETAN HITAM (Oryza sativa glutinosa) SELAMA PENYIMPANAN [Copigmentation Effect of Catechol and Tannin on Stability of Glutinous Black Rice Bran (Oryza sativa glutinosa) Anthocyanins During Storage]
Authors: Wulandari Dian , Hanum Tirza , Rangga Azhari 
Published: April 2018

Copigmentation has been suggested as an effective method to improve color and stability of anthocyanins and storage time. Catechol and tannin can be used as a copigment to improve stabilize color of anthocyanins. This study aims to examine the effect of molar ratio of copigment to anthocyanin and storage time which stabilize anthocyanin.This study was arranged in factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. First factor were molar ratio 0:1, 50:1, 100:1; and second factor were time of storage 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 days at room temperature (28oC ± 2 oC). Color and stability of anthocyanins were evaluated by thrugh determination of bathochromic and hyperchromic, anthocyanins concentration, retention, and kinetic parameters. Variables were analyzed by Tuckey test, Bartlet test, and Polynomial Orthogonal test.The results showed that anthocyanin content of glutinous black rice bran extract was 426 mg/100g. Copigmentation with catechol resulted in bluish color (hypsochromic), while tannin resulted in reddish color (bathochromic). The best molar ratio of catechol copigment was 50: 1 showed by decreasing of anthocyanin concentration of 0.35mM/day or 39.29mg/100g/day, color retention 12.78%/hour, and half-life time 8.66 hours. The best molar ratio of tannins copigment was 100: 1 showed by decreasing of anthocyanin concentration of 0.07mM/day or 7.86mg/100g/day, color retention was 2.39%/day, and half-life time of 19.80 hours.
Closure of patent foramen ovale or medical therapy alone for secondary prevention of cryptogenic cerebrovascular events
Authors: Fortuni Federico , Crimi Gabriele , Leonardi Sergio , Angelini Filippo , Raisaro Arturo , Lanzarini Luca Franco , Oltrona Visconti Luigi , Ferrario Maurizio , De Ferrari Gaetano Maria 
Published: April 2018

Aims
About one-third of ischemic stroke are cryptogenic. Paradoxical embolism through patent foramen ovale (PFO) has been identified as a possible cause of cryptogenic stroke. Therefore, PFO closure has been considered for secondary prevention of cryptogenic stroke. However, randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing PFO closure versus medical therapy led to conflicting results. Our objectives were to examine if PFO closure is superior to medical therapy alone for secondary prevention of cryptogenic stroke and to investigate whether PFO closure is associated with an increased incidence of atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter (AFL).

Methods
The authors systematically searched MEDLINE for RCTs that compared PFO closure with medical therapy. Efficacy outcome was cerebrovascular event (CVE) recurrence and safety outcome was new-onset atrial fibrillation/AFL. The outcomes of interest were investigated according to device type with subgroup analyses and meta-regression.

Results
The authors included eight RCTs constituting 4114 patients. Patients who underwent PFO closure had a lower risk of CVE recurrence compared with medically treated patients [relative risk (RR): 0.56; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.40–0.80; P = 0.001; I
2 = 30%]. This protective effect was consistent across the different device types. Patients who underwent PFO closure developed more frequently atrial fibrillation/AFL (RR 4.96; 95% CI 2.74–8.99; P < 0.00001; I
2 = 0%), which was mainly transient and within 1 month. Atrial fibrillation/AFL risk was consistent according to device types, although marginally significant in the Amplatzer subgroup.

Conclusion
PFO closure might have a role in secondary CVE prevention of patients with PFO and cryptogenic stroke. However, it is associated with an increased incidence of new-onset atrial fibrillation/AFL especially within 1 month.
Paeoniflorin inhibits the growth of bladder carcinoma via deactivation of STAT3
Authors: Yang Jianhui , Ren Yu , Lou Zhong-Guan , Wan Xue , Weng Guo-Bin , Cen Dong 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Bladder cancer (BCa) is one of the most common urinary cancers. The present study aims to investigate whether Paeoniflorin (Pae) can exert inhibitory effects on BCa. The results showed that Pae inhibited proliferation of human BCa cell lines in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Pae and cisplatin (Cis) synergistically inhibited the growth of tumours in RT4-bearing mice. Pae treatment neutralized the body loss induced by Cis. Moreover, Pae induced apoptosis in RT4 cells and increased the activities of caspase3, caspase8 and caspase9. Western blotting and immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (p-STAT3) level were decreased in Pae-treated RT4 cells and Pae-treated tumour-bearing mice. Furthermore, STAT3 transcriptional target B-cell lymphoma-2 was decreased in Pae-treated RT4 cells. Interestingly, Pae prevented translocation of STAT3 to the nucleus in RT4 cells. Collectively, Pae inhibits the growth of BCa, at least in part, via a STAT3 pathway.
The Effects of Expenditures for Labour Market Policy on Unemployment Rate
Authors: Rotar Laura Južnik 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Background: Labour market policy aims to fight against unemployment and to raise employment. With this study we attempt to contribute to the evidence of the effectiveness of active labour market policy.

Objectives: In the empirical part of the paper we aim to research the relations between the labour market policies and macroeconomic variables.

Methods/Approach: In order to distinguish the effects of expenditures for labour market policies on unemployment rate, we separately analysed the effects of expenditures for active labour market policies and the effects of expenditures for passive labour market policies on unemployment rate using panel regression analysis.

Results: The expenditures for active labour market policies have negative and statistically significant effect on unemployment rate, whereas the expenditures for passive labour market policies have positive and statistically significant effect on unemployment rate.

Conclusions: Not only the activation strategies with benefit conditioning, but also encouraging and enabling unemployed person to actively approach in searching for a job should be implemented. The implementation of activation strategies which create favourable conditions for unemployed people to develop their skills, fulfil their potential, continuously maintain contacts with the employers and actively participate in the society should be supported.
The Possible Use of Akerlof and Kranton’s Utility Model in Higher Education
Authors: Mihaly Nikolett 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Background: The identity and utility research carries significant role in the modern economics. There are financial outputs, if we can moderate appropriate the student’s and worker’s identities.

Objectives: The paper examines the possible use of the utility model and theoretical principles of Akerlof and Kranton (2000, 2002) in higher education. The examined aspects are utility, identity and role.

Methods/Approach: The paper aims at employing the model of Akerlof in higher education and how the terms identity and utility can be interpreted in this environment.

Results: To sum up, we can say that while case studies and certain experiments seem to justify the model of Akerlof and Kranton, there are few scientific results in higher education to rely on that prove the relationship between identity and utility.

Conclusions: It can be deduced that the identity of students has some economic impacts. Institutional policy can increase not only the success of its students but also their income through identity changes.
Observation and Measurement of Smokers’ Ash Removal Behavior in China
Authors: Gao Linyu , Zhang Yi , Hong Liu , Xu Bingyang , Sang Yaoshuo , Xu Zhengyu , Zhang Mingjian , Zheng Songjin , Yun Xue , Li Wenqi , Tang Xiaoling , Li Bin 
Published: April 2018

Summary
In order to investigate the main factors behind hot coal fallout during cigarette smoking, an in-use behavior survey among smokers was conducted in three locations (Guiyang, Shijiazhuang and Nanchang) in China. In addition, a measuring device was designed to record whether a flicking or tapping force was exerted to remove ash and to record the force applied as well as their characteristic parameters. We found that there was no significant difference among the behavior characteristic parameters of the users in the three locations. The proportion of consumers who applied flicking was higher than the proportion of consumers tapping. There were some differences in the in-use behavior when smoking King Size and Superslim cigarettes. The work could help to develop a suitable hot coal fallout test method.
Regional Contracts in the Polish Development Policy1
Authors: Churski Paweł 
Published: April 2018

AbstractRegional contracts developed in Poland as a consequence of the process of the state decentralisation and the building of local governments in the 1990s. By learning from other countries’ experiences (especially the French regional policy), an instrument was devised in order to support the decentralisation of the state development intervention and to foster the regions’ empowerment to programme and administer the regional policy. Unfortunately, since the very first edition, regional contracts in Poland have become a hostage to impromptu political acts determining changes to the economic policy, the limited state budget and very frequent legal amendments. The goal of this article is to conduct a synthetic analysis of the origins, changes and challenges related to the use of regional contracts in the Polish development policy. The author’s subjective, critical opinions were confronted with the opinions of the representatives of regional authorities in selected voivodeships. To this end, interviews were conducted with directors of departments in selected marshal offices. The resulting evaluation, conclusions and recommendations allowed the verification of the author’s subjective views.
Prevalence of BRAF, NRAS and c-KIT mutations in Slovenian patients with advanced melanoma
Authors: Moltara Maja Ebert , Novakovic Srdjan , Boc Marko , Bucic Marina , Rebersek Martina , Zadnik Vesna , Ocvirk Janja 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Background
BRAF, NRAS and c-KIT mutations are characteristics of tumour tissues that influence on treatment decisions in metastatic melanoma patients. Mutation frequency and their correlation with histological characteristics in Slovenian population have not been investigated yet.

Patients and methods
In our retrospective analysis we analysed mutational status of BRAF, NRAS and c-KIT in 230 pathological samples of patients who were intended to be treated with systemic therapy due to metastatic disease at the Institute of Oncology Ljubljana between 2013 and 2016. We collected also histological characteristics of primary tumours and clinical data of patients and correlated them with mutational status of tumour samples.

Results
The study population consisted of 230 patients with a mean age 59 years (range 25−85). 141 (61.3%) were males and 89 (38.7%) females. BRAF mutations were identified in 129 (56.1%), NRAS in 31 (13.5%) and c-KIT in 3 (1.3%) tissue samples. Among the 129 patients with BRAF mutations, 114 (88.4%) patients had V600E mutation and 15 (11.6%) had V600K mutation. Patients with BRAF mutations tended to be younger at diagnosis (52 vs. 59 years, p < 0.05), patients with NRAS mutations older (61 vs. 55 years, p < 0.05). Number of c-KIT mutations were too low for any statistical correlation, but there was one out of 3 melanoma located in mucus membranes.

Conclusions
The analysis detected high rate of BRAF mutations, low NRAS mutations and low c-KIT mutations compared to previously published studies in Europe and North America. One of the main reasons for this observation is specific characteristics of study population.
Prediction of fracture risk and prophylactic intervention in metastatic bone disease: a systematic review
Authors: Creţu Bogdan Ştefan , Dragosloveanu Călin , Cotor Dragoş , Dragosloveanu Şerban , Stoica Cristian Ioan 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Pathological fractures occur in an area of bone where either the quantity or quality of bone is modified and the main cause of bone metastases that weaken the structure and will lead to fractures are in high proportion given by visceral tumors or primary hematopoietic tumors like myeloma.
This paper’s objective was to review the actual knowledge in the treatment of fractures secondary to metastases. Spinal lesions were not discussed in this paper.
Literature search was performed using MEDLINE and Web of Science to find literature relevant to fracture risk and prophylactic intervention in metastatic bone disease. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guideline was used for this review. As results, we identified 30 papers that were suitable for this review. Most of them concluded that it is difficult to assess the amount of bone involvement on radiographs alone. Using the actual guidelines for prophylactic fixation may result in an under treatment or overtreatment of patients with metastatic bone disease. Their ability to determine which metastatic bone lesions will fracture is altered mainly because of the small number of patients included in the studies. The prediction factors for fracture risk are still to be evaluated. CT, FDG-PET or CT scan-based finite element analysis may be useful tools for the identification of impending pathological fractures requiring prophylactic stabilization.
Prevention error medications in geriatric
Authors: Al-Madi Sawsan 
Published: April 2018

The global population of multimorbidity in old people is growing steadily. And The important point is that significant percentages of the elderly have several con­comitant diseases, which leads to the concomitant use of three or more medications, and physiologic changes which could affect drug pharmacokinetics(absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) and pharmacodynamics (the effect a drug has on the body). which increases their risk of inappropriate prescribing (IP),drug–drug interactions,drug–disease interactions, adverse drug events (ADEs),and medication errors, and there are a lot of traditional methods to reduce prescribing errors like the role of education in physician prescribers and clinical pharmacists, the use of implicit and explicit prescribing criteria designed to improve medication appropriateness in older people, and the application of information and communication-technology systems to minimize errors.But we can minimize the errors and the side effects by using new methods to drug delivery,one of which is the erythrocyte-based drug delivery. These systems are especially efficient in releasing drugs in circulations for weeks, have a large capacity, can be easily processed and can accommodate traditional and biologic drugs. These carriers have also been used for delivering antigens and/or contrasting agents. Erythrocyte-based delivery of new and conventional drugs is thus experiencing increasing interests in drug delivery and in managing complex pathologies especially when side effects could become serious issues.
“It Just Must Be True”: Tomasello on Cognition and Morality
Authors: Harpham Geoffrey Galt 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Michael Tomasello's “natural histories” of thinking and human morality argue for strong connections between advanced human attributes and the capabilities of nonhuman primates, even as they establish profound differences between them. The core of his argument, the “shared intentionality hypothesis,” asserts that what is unique to the human species is the capacity for collaborative behaviors involving mutualism and reciprocity. This hypothesis has serious implications not only for the understanding of the human species but also for such apparently unrelated fields as literary studies.
Contemporary Evolutionary Aesthetics: The View from the Humanities (and Humanists)
Authors: Kozbelt Aaron 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
In this article, I assess the current state of evolutionary aesthetics by reviewing four recent books by scholars in art history, literary studies, and psychology. Each book is humanistic in a broad sense. They all address evolutionary themes and share a commitment to understanding aesthetic experience via methodological pluralism, but they differ substantially in perspective and tone. That of Cupchik, a psychologist, expansively discusses the aesthetics of emotion. That of Rampley, an art historian, is the most polemical, with a strong critique of the encroachment of biology into questions of cultural history. Those of Hogan and Aldama, both literary scholars, deal primarily with literature and are the most personal and ultimately the most thought-provoking. The collective humanistic perspective is a departure from more neuroscience-intensive recent volumes, and it highlights the importance of themes like the emergence of aesthetics from the interaction between nature and culture—potentially in different ways at different times throughout the phylogenetic history of our species.
An Old Subject's Great Escape from Recent Disciplinary Boundaries
Authors: Drake James 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Alan Barnard's Language in Prehistory attempts to find an accommodation between linguistic and evolutionary theory and apply insights from archeology and anthropology to the origins and purposes of language. Rudolph Botha's Language Evolution: The Windows Approach is a critique of employing evidence from other fields. Botha also critiques conclusions drawn from pidgins and creoles, homesign, motherese, grammaticalization, language acquisition, protolanguage, and comparative animal behavior. This review attempts in turn to bring into question the appropriateness of applying the framework of generative linguistics, and its style of argumentation, to prehistory.
Müşteri Korelasyonuna Göre Hafif Bir Ticari Otonun Yorulma Test Parkurunun Oluşturulması
Authors: Şener Arif Şenol 
Published: April 2018

Ürün tasarım
sürecinde en kritik olan ve zor tespit edilen parametrelerden olan bir parçanın
yorulma ömrü, üretici firmalar tarafından hızlandırıcı testlerle doğrulanmaktadır.
Bunun için üreticiler yorulma etkisi matematiksel olarak tespit edilmiş özel
test parkuruna ve/veya güzergahlarına ihtiyaç duyarlar. Bu çalışmada, hızlandırılmış
bir test parkurunu oluşturmak için ilk olarak Türk müşterilerinin otomobil
kullanımları anket yöntemi ile tespit edilmiştir. Yol testleri, Türkiye'de 50
şehri içerecek şekilde belirlenmiş bir yol haritasında, sensörlerle donatılmış
bir araç ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ham veriler üzerinde veri işleme ve
detaylandırma yapılmıştır. Yaprak yay, tahrik mili, direksiyon rod kolu gibi
gerilme meydana gelen parçalardan elde edilen sinyallerin değerlendirilmesinde 3
eksenli Rainflow metodu kullanılmıştır. Buna karşın vites değiştirme oranı,
fren adedi miktarı vb. gibi üzerinde gerilme oluşmayan parçalar için 2 eksenli Level-Crossing
metodu tercih edilmiştir. Türk müşteri profili sinyaller işlendikten sonra anketlerden
elde edilen Türk müşteri otomotiv
kullanım yüzdeleriyle çarpılarak her sensör için hesaplanmış ve bu şekilde genel
olarak Türk müşteri profili oluşturulmuştur. Yorulma ömrü etkileri
ağırlıklı ortalama yöntemi kullanılarak hesaplanıp, Türk müşteri profilinin yorulma
etkisine karşılık gelecek şekilde üretici firma yakınlarında hızlandırılmış bir
test parkuru oluşturulmuştur. Avrupa ülkelerinde üretilen binek otomobillerin araç
kullanım sonuçları ve Türkiye'de üretilen hafif ticari oto müşteri kullanım
sonuçları karşılaştırılmıştır.