bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potato Glycoalkaloids: occurrence, biological activities and extraction for biovalorisation – a review
Authors: Benkeblia Noureddine 
Published: August 2019

SummaryPotato tuber (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the fourth most important agricultural product after wheat, rice and maize. With a total production of 388 million in 2017, c.a. 70% of this total production is processed in developed countries, producing a large amount of potato peel waste (PPW) as by‐product. Although PPW is considered as a zero‐value by‐product by the feed industry because it is too fibrous, for other recycling industries it is an inexpensive by‐product due to its significant contents of some interesting nutrients particularly polyphenols and glycoalkaloids. In potato, and Solanum species in general, many glycoalkaloids, predominantly α‐chaconine and α‐solanine, have been chemically and structurally identified. However, further research is needed to expand the knowledge of the biological values of potato glycoalkaloids in order to develop a recycling process to extract these technologically and nutritionally interesting bioactive ingredients for different sectors, in particular, the agricultural, food and pharmaceutical ones, which are demanding natural, safe and eco‐friendly ingredients.
Differences in professional values between nurses and nursing students: a gender perspective
Authors: Fernández‐Feito A. , Basurto‐Hoyuelos S. , Palmeiro‐Longo M.R. , García‐Díaz V. 
Published: August 2019

AimTo compare Spanish nursing students' and registered nurses' perception of professional values from the perspective of gender and professional experience.BackgroundNursing has traditionally been a female profession; however, the analysis of professional nursing values from a gender perspective has received little attention. The integration of professional values typically begins during academic life and is, thereafter, reinforced during professional activities.MethodsA descriptive cross‐sectional study was conducted with 159 students (97.4% females) and 386 registered nurses (86.8% females) from primary healthcare centres, hospitals and management positions within the public health system. The validated Spanish adaptation of the Nurses Professional Values Scale was used. This instrument measures three dimensions: ethics, commitment and professional mastery. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data, together with bivariate analysis using the chi‐squared test.ResultsFemales granted more importance to professional values. Important gender differences among students were detected. Ethical values were considered to be the most important for both students and nurses, followed by professional mastery and commitment. The importance given to values progressively decreased in the groups under study: students, less‐experienced nurses and expert nurses (in decreasing order).ConclusionsSignificant gender differences exist with regard to professional nursing values. The values related to professional commitment and mastery should be integrated and promoted during academic education and specifically focus on male students' perceptions. As professional experience increases, the importance attributed to professional values decreases.Implications for Nursing PolicyProfessional nursing values should be promoted among universities, health services and professional organizations, encouraging their dissemination, implementation and evaluation.
Utility of local atrial electrogram pattern for predicting left main coronary artery anatomical distance during mapping in the left pulmonary sinus of valsalva
Authors: Dong Xiaonan , Tang Min , Sun Qi , Zhang Shu 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundAblation of right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) ventricular arrhythmia (VA) within the left pulmonary sinus of Valsalva (LPSV) may increase the risk of left main coronary artery (LMCA) injury.PurposeTo delineate the anatomical characteristics between LMCA and LPSV and their association with atrial potential (AP) mapping in LPSV.MethodsA total of 104 consecutive patients with RVOT‐VA undergoing cardiac‐gated computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) after ablation were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsThe LMCA‐LPSV anatomic relationship was classified into three types based on the CTCA measurements. Types 1 and 2 had a shorter LMCA‐LPSV distance than that of type 3 (P < .001). The left atrial appendage (LAA)‐LMCA distance and LAA‐LPSV distance were associated with the incidence of AP in LPSV (odds ratio [OR] = 3.43, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.86‐6.34, P < .001; OR = 1.196, 95% CI: 1.09‐1.31, P < .001, respectively). Furthermore, the LMCA‐LPSV distance showed a linear correlation with the LAA‐LPSV distance (r2 = 0.93, P < .001). According to receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, a LMCA‐LPSV distance <5.4 mm could predict the possibility of AP during LPSV mapping (sensitivity 83%, specificity 81%, and area under the ROC curve 0.86).ConclusionsThe presence of AP in the LPSV may be useful to predict a short distance from the LPSV to the LMCA and to identify patients at higher risk of LMCA injury. This information may contribute to efficient and safe ablation in this area but should be confirmed in future studies.
Validation of recommended definition in identifying elevated blood pressure in adolescents
Authors: Fan Hui , Liu Yudan , Zhang Xingyu 
Published: August 2019

AbstractRecently, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommended 120/80 mm Hg as thresholds for identifying elevated blood pressure (BP) in adolescents aged 13‐17 years. The authors aimed to compare the performance of the new definition in identifying elevated BP with traditional percentile‐based definition. Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999‐2014, which included 7485 adolescents aged 13‐17 years. Elevated BP was defined using the recommended (≥120/80 mm Hg) and traditional definition (≥90th percentile for sex, age, and height or 120/80 mm Hg) presented in AAP guideline. The prevalence of elevated BP was 15.7% and 17.2% using the recommended and traditional definition, respectively (P < .001). The recommended definition had high sensitivity (90.9%), perfect specificity (100.0%), perfect positive predictive value (100.0%), and very high negative predictive value (98.1%) compared with the traditional definition. The Kappa correlation coefficient between two definitions was 0.94 (P < .001). Similar results can be observed in subgroups across sex, age, and sex‐ and age‐specific height percentile except for both sexes with young age and low height percentile. Generally, our results supported the use of the recommended definition for identifying elevated BP in adolescents.
Poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase inhibition protects against myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury via suppressing mitophagy
Authors: Cao Shengchuan , Sun Yiying , Wang Wenjun , Wang Bailu , Zhang Qun , Pan Chang , Yuan Qiuhuan , Xu Feng , Wei Shujian , Chen Yuguo 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMyocardial ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury attenuates the beneficial effects of reperfusion therapy. Poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) is overactivated during myocardial I/R injury. Mitophagy plays a critical role in the development of myocardial I/R injury. However, the effect of PARP activation on mitophagy in cardiomyocytes is unknown. In this study, we found that I/R induced PARP activation and mitophagy in mouse hearts. Poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase inhibition reduced the infarct size and suppressed mitophagy after myocardial I/R injury. In vitro, hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) activated PARP, promoted mitophagy and induced cell apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. Poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase inhibition suppressed H/R‐induced mitophagy and cell apoptosis. Parkin knockdown with lentivirus vectors inhibited mitophagy and prevented cell apoptosis in H/R‐treated cells. Poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase inhibition prevented the loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). Cyclosporin A maintained ΔΨm and suppressed mitophagy but FCCP reduced the effect of PARP inhibition on ΔΨm and promoted mitophagy, indicating the critical role of ΔΨm in H/R‐induced mitophagy. Furthermore, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and poly(ADP‐ribosylation) of CypD and TSPO might contribute to the regulation of ΔΨm by PARP. Our findings thus suggest that PARP inhibition protects against I/R‐induced cell apoptosis by suppressing excessive mitophagy via the ΔΨm/Parkin pathway.
Oral bacteriome of HIV‐1‐infected children from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Next‐generation DNA sequencing analysis
Authors: Gonçalves Lucio Souza , Ferreira Dennis de Carvalho , Heng Nicholas C. K. , Vidal Fabio , Santos Henrique Fragoso , Zanicotti Diogo Godoy , Vasconcellos Mariana , Stambovsky Mayra , Lawley Blair , Rubini Norma de Paula Motta , dos Santos Katia Regina Netto , Seymour Gregory J. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackground and AimThis study compared the oral bacteriome between HIV‐1‐infected and non‐HIV‐1‐infected Brazilian children/teenagers.MethodsWhole saliva, biofilm from the dorsal surface of the tongue and biofilm from supragingival and subgingival sites were collected from 27 HIV‐1‐infected and 30 non‐HIV‐1‐infected individuals. Bacterial genomic DNA was extracted and 16S rRNA genes were sequenced using next‐generation sequencing technology (Ion Torrent).ResultsIn the supragingival biofilm, the phylum Firmicutes and genus Streptococcus sp. were more frequent in HIV‐1‐infected (95% and 78%, respectively) than in non‐HIV‐1‐infected individuals (40% and 24%, respectively). In the subgingival biofilm of HIV‐infected participants, the relative abundance of the Veillonella sp. and Prevotella sp. genera were higher than in non‐HIV‐1‐infected participants. On the tongue, the genera with greater relative abundance in HIV‐1‐infected individuals were Neisseria sp. (21%). In saliva, the difference of the genus Prevotella sp. between non‐HIV‐1‐infected and HIV‐1‐infected individuals was 15% and 7%, respectively. The Chao index revealed an increase in the richness of both sub‐ and supragingival biofilms in the HIV‐1‐infected samples compared with non‐HIV‐1‐infected samples.ConclusionHIV‐1‐infected children/teenagers have a higher frequency of the phyla Firmicutes and genus Streptococcus, and their oral microbiome shows more complexity than that of non‐HIV‐1‐infected children/teenagers.
Starvation tolerance associated with prolonged sleep bouts upon starvation in a single natural population of Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Miura Mai , Takahashi Aya 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLarge genetic variations in starvation tolerance in animals indicate that there are multiple strategies to cope with low‐nutrient conditions. Fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) typically respond to starvation by suppressing sleep and enhancing locomotor activity presumably to search for food. However, we hypothesized that in a natural population, there are costs and benefits to sleep suppression under low‐nutrient conditions and that conserving energy through sleep could be a better strategy depending on food availability. In this study, we quantified the variation in sleep‐related traits in 21 wild‐derived inbred lines from Katsunuma, Japan, under fed and starved conditions and analysed the relationship between those traits and starvation tolerance. Although most of the lines responded to starvation by suppressing the total time in sleep, there were indeed two lines that responded by significantly increasing the sleep‐bout durations and thus not reducing the total time in sleep. These genotypes survived longer in acute starvation conditions compared to genotypes that responded by the immediate suppression of sleep, which could be due to the reduced metabolic rate during the long uninterrupted sleep bouts. The coexistence of the enhanced foraging and resting strategies upon starvation within a single population is consistent with the presence of a behavioural trade‐off between food search and energy conservation due to unpredictable food availability in nature. These results provide insights into the evolutionary mechanisms that contribute to the maintenance of genetic variations underlying environmental stress resistance.
Predicting Operational Rater‐Type Classifications Using Rasch Measurement Theory and Random Forests: A Music Performance Assessment Perspective
Authors: Wesolowski Brian C. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to build a Random Forest supervised machine learning model in order to predict musical rater‐type classifications based upon a Rasch analysis of raters’ differential severity/leniency related to item use. Raw scores (N = 1,704) from 142 raters across nine high school solo and ensemble festivals (grades 9–12) were collected using a 29‐item Likert‐type rating scale embedded within five domains (tone/intonation, n = 6; balance, n = 5; interpretation, n = 6; rhythm, n = 6; and technical accuracy, n = 6). Data were analyzed using a Many Facets Rasch Partial Credit Model. An a priori k‐means cluster analysis of 29 differential rater functioning indices produced a discrete feature vector that classified raters into one of three distinct rater‐types: (a) syntactical rater‐type, (b) expressive rater‐type, or (c) mental representation rater‐type. Results of the initial Random Forest model resulted in an out‐of‐bag error rate of 5.05%, indicating that approximately 95% of the raters were correctly classified. After tuning a set of three hyperparameters (ntree, mtry, and node size), the optimized model demonstrated an improved out‐of‐bag error rate of 2.02%. Implications for improvements in assessment, research, and rater training in the field of music education are discussed.
Linear‐array endoscopic ultrasound improves the accuracy of preoperative submucosal invasion prediction in suspected early gastric cancer compared with radial endoscopic ultrasound: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Lan Zhixian , Hu Haiyan , Mandip Rai , Zhu Wei , Guo Wen , Wen Jing , Xie Fang , Qiao Weiguang , Venkata Akshintala , Huang Ying , Liu Side , Li Yue 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackground and AimThere is a lack of literature comparing linear endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and radial EUS for the prediction of the depth of invasion in early gastric cancer (EGC). The aim of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of linear EUS for the diagnosis of submucosal (SM) invasion and compare linear EUS with radial EUS in suspected EGC patients.MethodsSeventy‐two consecutive patients with suspected EGC who underwent a preoperative assessment using linear EUS or radial EUS were prospectively enrolled. The depth of invasion was categorized into mucosal to SM (< T1b) and SM or deeper (≥ T1b), and the EUS‐determined diagnosis was compared with postoperative histopathological findings.ResultsThirty‐nine patients underwent radial EUS, and 33 patients underwent linear EUS examination. The baseline characteristics between the groups were well balanced. The diagnostic accuracy was much higher for patients who underwent linear EUS compared with radial EUS (90.9% vs 69.2%, P = 0.024). The sensitivity was 92.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] 66.7–98.6%) for linear EUS and 90.9% (95% CI 62.3–98.4%) for radial EUS. The specificity was 90.0% (95% CI 69.9–97.2%) in the linear EUS group, while the specificity was 60.7% (95% CI 42.4–76.4%) in the radial EUS group. Univariate analysis showed that EUS type (odds ratio 0.225, 95% CI 0.057–0.884, P = 0.033) was an associated risk factor of incorrect T1b staging in EGC patients. The area under the receiver operating curve was 0.912 and 0.758 for linear and radial EUS, respectively.ConclusionLinear EUS was more accurate for determining SM invasion and therapeutic strategy in suspected EGC patients compared with radial EUS.
Escrevendo e Criando a Diferença: Os Maroon Ndyuka e os usos da arte no Cottica (Suriname)
Authors: da Cunha Olivia Gomes 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn describing specialized readings about the discovery of a “Ndyuka script” in the last century, the article seeks to analyze procedures that provide context and assumptions of continuity that limits our understanding of the use of Afaka signs in the works of Maroon artists, in particular, of Marcel Pinas as well as young people in Moengo (Suriname). If, for the specialists, the invention of a script was the result of contact of literate Ndyukas with Christianity, new uses of the Afaka have left behind the notebooks and these attempts of translation. In the Cottica landscape and the current forms of art expression, a variety of the uses of Afaka signs have gained new colors and spatial dimensions, and are associated to the modes of existence of Cottica Ndyuka in the region in the post–civil war (1986–1992). [Maroons, Cottica Ndyuka, Suriname, Escrita, Art, Caribbean, Afaka]
Marine bacterial extracts as a new rich source of drugs against Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Zhu Beika , Li Zhongrui , Qian Pei‐Yuan , Herrup Karl 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent, progressive and irreversible, neurodegenerative disease with no disease modifying treatment yet available. The projected burden of AD on our healthcare system is immense and thus there is an immediate need for new drugs that prevent or attenuate AD symptoms. While most efforts in the field are directed at treatments that reduce amyloid or tau burden in the brain, we have taken an alternate approach – a model based on reducing AD‐associated neuronal cell cycle events. Using this model, we have screened a largely unexplored source of compounds with therapeutic potential – the natural products created by diverse strains of marine bacteria. Two hundred and twenty‐five bacterial extracts from different strains were tested for both toxicity and neuroprotective properties by crystal violet and In‐cell Western – first in HT22 cells and then in mouse primary neuronal cultures. Based on these screens, we have identified several promising leads, and here we focus on the most promising of these. We found that we could directly assay even a crude bacterial extract in our E16 mouse cortical neuronal cultures and screen for activities that prevent cell cycle reentry and preserve synaptic structure. Preliminary tests in 1‐month‐old animals from a mouse model of Ataxia telangiectasia, showed that blockage of cell cycle‐related neuronal death could also be successful in vivo. This adds an important extension to our in vitro studies. These findings showcase a new effective and efficient assay system and validate the use of marine natural compounds as a novel source for new drugs to fight Alzheimer’s disease.
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Cover Image for this issue: doi: 10.1111/jnc.14733.
Multiple organ benign metastasizing leiomyoma: A case report and literature review
Authors: Yuan Xiong , Sun Ying , Jin Yichao , Xu Lei , Dai Huihua , Wang Jun , Zhang Zhihong , Chen Xing 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA case of multiple occurrences of benign metastasizing leiomyoma in the lung, left thigh, left ilium and pelvis in a 43‐year‐old woman who underwent twice myomectomy in 1999 and 2004 and had hysterectomy in 2009 was reported. She was complained of chest distress as well as the pain of left hip and back of thigh. Computed tomography, X‐ray and positron emission tomography‐computed tomography (PET‐CT) demonstrated multiple nodules in lung, masses of left thigh and pelvis. Biopsy of these nodules indicated benign metastasizing leiomyomas according to pathologic and immunohistochemical results. The patient received gonadotropin‐releasing hormone agonist injection and regular follow‐up. Up to now, all the symptoms have been alleviated.
Clinical Integration of Automated Processing for Brain Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping: Multi‐Site Reproducibility and Single‐Site Robustness
Authors: Spincemaille Pascal , Liu Zhe , Zhang Shun , Kovanlikaya Ilhami , Ippoliti Matteo , Makowski Marcus , Watts Richard , de Rochefort Ludovic , Venkatraman Vijay , Desmond Patricia , Santin Mathieu D. , Lehéricy Stéphane , Kopell Brian H. , Péran Patrice , Wang Yi 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEQuantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) of the brain has become highly reproducible and has applications in an expanding array of diseases. To translate QSM from bench to bedside, it is important to automate its reconstruction immediately after data acquisition. In this work, a server system that automatically reconstructs QSM and exchange images with the scanner using the DICOM standard is demonstrated using a multi‐site, multi‐vendor reproducibility study and a large, single‐site, multi‐scanner image quality review study in a clinical environment.METHODSA single healthy subject was scanned with a 3D multi‐echo gradient echo sequence at nine sites around the world using scanners from three manufacturers. A high‐resolution (HiRes, .5 × .5 × 1 mm3 reconstructed) and standard‐resolution (StdRes, .5 × .5 × 3 mm3) protocol was performed. ROI analysis of various white matter and gray matter regions was performed to investigate reproducibility across sites. At one institution, a retrospective multi‐scanner image quality review was carried out of all clinical QSM images acquired consecutively in 1 month.RESULTSReconstruction times using a GPU were 29 ± 22 seconds (StdRes) and 55 ± 39 seconds (HiRes). ROI standard deviation across sites was below 24 ppb (StdRes) and 17 ppb (HiRes). Correlations between ROI averages across sites were on average .92 (StdRes) and .96 (HiRes). Image quality review of 873 consecutive patients revealed diagnostic or excellent image quality in 96% of patients.CONCLUSIONOnline QSM reconstruction for a variety of sites and scanner platforms with low cross‐site ROI standard deviation is demonstrated. Image quality review revealed diagnostic or excellent image quality in 96% of 873 patients.
Validation of a Chinese version of the Jaw Functional Limitation Scale in relation to the diagnostic subgroup of temporomandibular disorders
Authors: Xu Lili , He Ying , Fan Shuai , Cai Bin , Fang Zhongyi , Dai Kerong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundOro‐facial function is usually impaired by temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). Several studies on TMDs have used the Jaw Functional Limitation Scale (JFLS) to assess mandibular dysfunction. However, it was originally created in English and hence needs to be validated for use among Chinese people.ObjectiveTo develop a Chinese version of the JFLS for Chinese TMD patients and to investigate the validity and reliability of the scale.MethodsContent validity and temporal stability were evaluated at two different occasions. The reliability and validity of the JFLS were tested in 483 TMD patients. Cronbach's alpha coefficient and split‐half reliability were used to assess internal consistency, while the validity was evaluated by factor analysis.ResultsThree factors were extracted during exploratory factor analysis, accounting for 62.39% of the variance. The three‐factor model was then measured using confirmatory factor analysis (χ2/df = 3.6, root mean square error of approximation = 0.091, comparative fit index = 0.896). Internal (coefficient alpha values of .906 for all items and Guttman split‐half reliability of 0.756) and test‐retest (intra‐class correlation coefficient = .851‐.897, 95% confidence interval = 0.656‐0.950) reliabilities were excellent.ConclusionThe Chinese version of the JFLS is reliable and valid for use in Chinese TMD patients.