bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Near-resonance tidal evolution of the Earth-Moon system influenced by orbital-scale climate change*
Authors: Wang Nan , He Zhi-Guo 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We build a conceptual coupled model of the climate and tidal evolution of the Earth-Moon system to find the influence of the former on the latter. An energy balance model is applied to calculate steady-state temperature field from the mean annual insolation as a function of varying astronomical parameters. A harmonic oscillator model is applied to integrate the lunar orbit and Earth’s rotation with the tidal torque dependent on the dominant natural frequency of ocean. An ocean geometry acts as a bridge between temperature and oceanic frequency. On assumptions of a fixed hemispherical continent and an equatorial circular lunar orbit, considering only the 41 kyr periodicity of Earth’s obliquity ε and the M
2 tide, simulations are performed near tidal resonance for 106 yr. It is verified that the climate can influence the tidal evolution via ocean. Compared with the tidal evolution with constant ε, that with varying ε is slowed down; the Earth-Moon distance oscillates in phase with ε before the resonance maximum but exactly out of phase after that; the displacement of the oscillation is in positive correlation with the difference between oceanic frequency and tidal frequency.
A strange phenomenon in XZ Andromedae: two Keplerian periods with a 1:3 ratio
Authors: Yuan Jin-Zhao , Qian Sheng-Bang 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Six mid-eclipse times of the eclipsing binary XZ And are obtained, which are analyzed together with others collected from the literature. Two sets of cyclic variations with periods of 33.43 and 100.4 yr are found if a double-Keplerian model is used to fit the data. The 1:3 ratio of the periods suggests that both cyclic variations arise from dynamic motions of two companions rather than magnetic activity of the eclipsing pair. According to the double-Keplerian model, the companions have masses of ∼ 1.32 M
⊙ and ∼ 1.33 M
⊙, respectively. Comparing with the total mass of the eclipsing pair of 3.12 M
⊙, it is obvious that XZ And is a general N-body system. The strong gravitational perturbation between the two companions invalidates the double-Keplerian model. It is strange that two Keplerian periods with a 1:3 ratio are derived from the best fits with an “inappropriate” model. This illogical, but interesting phenomenon also appears in two other Algol systems, suggesting that our discoveries deserve attention from astronomers.
The alpha parameter of the Cole-Cole model as an indicator of fibromyalgia
Authors: González-Correa C A , Colina-Gallo E , Miranda-Mercado D A 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Introduction: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a condition characterized by chronic widespread pain and generalized tenderness accompanied by fatigue, disturbed sleep and cognitive difficulties. Several types of muscle abnormalities have been reported in FM at tissue, cellular and subcellular level, which could eventually alter the passive electrical response of the muscle. Methods: We evaluated the brachial musculature of 41 women, 21 with FM and 20 without, using multi-frequency electrical impedance myography and the characteristic parameters of the Cole-Cole model were obtained (R
0, R∞, τ and α). Results: The alpha parameter of the FM group was statistically different (0.21 ± 0.05 against 0.17 ± 0.05 p = 0.008). Discussion: The higher values of alpha parameter in the FM group may suggest that the behaviour of the cell membrane in FM is more permeable to the ions than in the non FM group and, therefore, less resistive.
Physical performance and muscular status in sarcopenic elderly following exercise and dietary supplement
Authors: Marulanda-Mejia F , Gonzalez-Correa C H , Vidarte-Claros J A , Castiblanco-Arroyave H D 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The aim of this study is to establish the effect of a functional and nutritional intervention on the physical performance and muscular state of elderly people with sarcopenia in Manizales, Colombia. 28 sarcopenic patients, aged between 60 and 85 years old, underwent evaluation before and after 12 weeks of nutritional intervention and aerobic and resistance exercises. The latter was-gradually increased, with a frequency of 3 days per week and for 3 months. Muscle mass was estimated by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and corroborated by dual x-ray absorptiometry. The gait speed and the short battery of physical performance (SPPB) complemented the diagnosis. People with sarcopenia improved significantly with the intervention in their physical functionality, shown by physical performance tests (SPPB), and in the calf circumference, with no significant increases in grip strength or muscle size. A 12-week intervention with nutritional supplements and physical training improved physical performance without increasing skeletal muscle mass or grip strength. These results reinforce the findings of other researchers and suggest the need to continue investigating the most effective of supplements and exercises as well as the time required to impact the study variables.
Combined chronic obstructive pulmonary disease assessment, body composition and muscle strength
Authors: Gaona-Arias J A , González-Correa C H , Sepúlveda-Gallego L E , Duque-González L M 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Body composition, respiratory and skeletal muscle function have not been studied in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) using the combined COPD assessment recommended by the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD). An assessment was carried out n 27 COPD to relate body composition and muscle strength, with the combined COPD assessment. Fat free mass (FFM) was estimated using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and body mass index (BMI). Percentage body fat was estimated by plicometry and muscle strength by hand dynamometry. For the women studied, the average FFM was 35.6 kg and for the man, this was 45.1 kg. 55.5% of the population was normal, 11.1% was underweight and 33.3% was overweight or obese in terms of BMI but 92.6% of the participants were at risk of hyperadiposity-associated diseases. Dynapenia was found in 59.3% of patients. There were no differences in body composition or muscle strength between the groups created with combined COPD assessment categories or their components except in FFM among patients with less than 2 vs those with 2 or more exacerbations. There were not differences in body composition or muscle strength between the combined COPD assessment and its components except in FFM in patients with different numbers of exacerbations.
Electrical bioimpedance spectroscopy measurement of polyphenols in three Colombian passifloras
Authors: Carmona-Hernández J C , Cabrera-López J J , González-Correa C H , Velasco-Medina J 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Fruits and vegetables in the daily diet offer protective action against free radicals, inflammatory agents, and fungi. Polyphenols, found in these natural products, have been studied in order to understand their contribution to the prevention of multiple diseases. The identification and quantification of polyphenols have been evaluated uding the Folin-Ciocalteu method. This procedure requires several chemical reagents and different electrical devices, generating chemical waste and at great expense. There is a need to develop polyphenol identification and quantification techniques that are less costly and generate minimum contamination. Electrical bioimpedance spectroscopy (EBS) is a promising alternative that could contribute to measuring total polyphenol content in fresh fruits and vegetables. This study focused on using EBS and characterizing electrical response in fruit pulp from three different Colombian passifloras. The study aimed to compare the electrical parameter values of an Equivalent Electrical Model (EEM) to the total polyphenol content quantified by the Folin-Ciocalteu method.
PCB-3D-Printed, Reliable and Reusable Wells for Impedance Spectroscopy of Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Cabrera-López J J , García-Arrunátegui M F , Neuta-Arciniegas P , Campo O , Velasco-Medina J 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Impedance Spectroscopy (IS) has been shown to be a non-invasive and reliable technique for the electrical characterization of biological materials. This paper presents the design and implementation of reliable, reusable wells that are used to perform IS measurements of aqueous solutions. These reusable wells are detachable, easy to clean and low-cost and they are made up of a platen on a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) and the chambers are manufactured using 3D-printing technology. In this case, in order to verify its functionality, IS measurements of electrolytic and non-electrolytic aqueous solutions were carried out. Initially, as a reference, the impedance spectrum of a Hanks’ solution was obtained following a proposed measurement protocol. Then, we analyse this spectrum and we propose an Equivalent Electrical Model (EEM) for validating the reusable wells. Finally, IS measurements are carried out on aqueous solutions of molecular D-glucose and sodium chloride prepared in Hanks’ solution and deionized water, by considering physiological concentrations. The parameter values of the EEMs of each solution tested were obtained using genetic algorithms and Matlab and, from these values, it is possible to conclude that the measurements performed are unable to differentiate the physiological concentration of glucose in the aqueous solution used. Also, from these results, it can be concluded that the designed wells are suitable for IS measurements of aqueous solutions and that they can be used in Electrical Cell Impedance Sensing (ECIS) or applications that require electrical characterization of solutions.
Development and testing of a customizable and portable bioimpedance spectroscopy meter (BioZspectra-v1)
Authors: Jaimes S A 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
A portable, 4-electrode bioimpedance spectroscopy meter called BioZspectra-v1 was developed, based on thinking about a cost-competitive, highly flexible, nimble and easily customizable solution for the differing needs of researchers and scientists. There are diverse alternatives on the market but they are costly and designed for specific applications. However, research into new topics requires the manipulation of raw data and different configurations that BioZspectra-v1’s hardware and software can supply, enabling customized experiments. Output current is available in 4 discrete values: 10 µA, 20 µA, 40 µA and 100 µA; frequency range is from 1 Hz to 100 kHz, with 0.1 Hz resolution; the communication port is either USB or Bluetooth, the spectrum recording can be pseudo-real-time, and point-by-point and wide types of cell connector can be used. In addition, the circuit topology is as simple as possible, without detriment to performance; weight is light, for field and in situ applications and the design complies with IEC-60601-1, for patient safety. The equipment was tested obtaining a maximum measurable impedance of 100 kΩ with an error of below 2%, and a minimum of 10Ω with an error of below 1.5%. Applied current error was below 1.5% for the whole frequency range.
Saline solution impedance sensor based on Poly Methyl Methacrylate and graphite: preliminary results
Authors: Gómez-Sánchez J A , Bertemes Filho P 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This paper shows a preliminary study of behaviour comparison in NaCl and KCl saline solutions of three screen printed bipolar electrodes with a coating mixture of Poly Methyl Methacrylate (PMMA) and graphite. Results indicate greater selectivity of the coating electrodes with partial ring geometry compared with concentric and spiral bipolar, cover mixture allows eliminating electrolyte electrode interface in low frequencies. The benefits of using this electrode are: optimize sample measurements; low-cost manufacturing; integration feasibility into a mobile device. Upcoming research requires including test with other ionic solutions and new doped graphite composes.
Measurement of the cell density of microalgae by an optical method
Authors: Wungmool Piyachat , Rangsi Nattha , Hormwantha Tongchai , Sutthiopad Malee , Luengviriya Chaiya 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Microalgae are currently interesting in industry because it can generate many useful products, such as supplementary food, cosmetic and biomass energy. During the cultivation, the growth of microalgae is traditionally followed by cell counting with an optical microscope and a calculation of the cell density. To obtain a precise value of the cell density, the measurement should be performed by ones with good laboratory skills and it takes a long time. We develop a photometer to determine the cell density of microalgae. The photometer consists of a light dependent resistor as the sensor, a light emitting diode as the light source, and a microcontroller which controls all components as well as the cell density calculation using a calibration equation. To test the performance of our device, we cultivate marine microalgae Dunaliella Salina with different aerations and measure the cell density during 18-day cultivation period by using the photometer and the cell counting with an optical microscope. The results show that the cell density values obtained from both measurement methods increase with day of cultivation in a similar manner. Thus, the photometer is a good alternative device to follow the growth of microalgae. Furthermore, it is relatively inexpensive, quick and easy for the operator to use.
Comparing the sandpile model with targeted triggering and the Olami-Feder-Christensen model as models of seismicity using recurrence network analysis
Authors: Biton D C , Batac R C 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Slowly driven sandpile models has found applications in modelling earthquakes due to the observed power law statistics in its magnitude distributions, like the behaviour of earthquakes. Adding a probability to target the most susceptible site in the grid, the sandpile model recovers even the spatio-temporal statistics of earthquake events. In this work, we compare the sandpile model with targeted triggering to the Olami-Feder-Christensen (OFC) model: a standard earthquake model that also exhibits self-organized criticality. The sandpile model captures the magnitude distributions of earthquake events at a value of targeted triggering probability p = [0.004,0.007]. The triggering probability value p = 1.0, showing that the most susceptible site is always triggered, follows the magnitude distribution of the OFC model. A comparison was done by constructing a record-breaking recurrence network for the events. Spatial and magnitude criteria set the temporally directed links between events across the entire record. Both the models recover power-law exponents comparable to those previously obtained for earthquake data, which is 1.0 for recurrence distance and recurrence time distributions, and 2.1 for the in-degree distributions for the farthest recurrence criteria. The sandpile model with targeted triggering exhibits a behaviour in between a slowly driven sandpile and the OFC model.
Optimization of pathology diagnosis by applying chaos theory and fractal analysis to EEG-signal processing
Authors: Kornilov Vasily , Ostroukhov Maxim , Dmitriev Andrey 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
By 2018, there are more than 70 million people suffering from various forms of one of the most common neurological diseases – epilepsy. In fact, epipelsy is a central nervous system (neurological) disorder, manifesting itself in anomalous brain activity. Nowadays, most of the patients do not have the ability to foresee the onset of an attack in advance, which is due to the complex symptoms that are difficult to predict. One of the best way to analyze such kind of behaviour is electroencephalography (EEG). This research paper considers the problem of EEG epileptic seizures prediction from the point of the theory of nonlinear dynamical systems. According to the study, signals of cerebral cortex neural networks corresponds to multifractal nature which gives an opportunity to analyze changes between states in phase space during the abnormal electrical activity. Therefore, monitoring the preictal stage and early indication of an attack may help patients to avoid problems related to sudden seizures. This research will provide valuable information regarding the mechanism of epilepsy onset and introduce a prediction model using machine learning algorithm based on fractal analysis of RQA.
An Analysis of Active Region as a Trigger of Solar Flares
Authors: Hamidi ZS , Noh M.F.M. , Toni W.N. , Shariff N.N.M. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Sunspot number, solar radio flux and solar wind involve in interpreting the movements of CMEs and solar flare. Rotating sunspots are an extremely efficient way to inject energy into the magnetic field of the sun’s atmosphere. A solar flare is essentially a blast on the surface of the sun going from minutes to hours long. Therefore, the objective of this study is to state that the active region sunspot waves as a trigger solar flare. Equally important, the energy efficiency associated with solar flares may take several hours or even days to build up, but most flares take only a matter of minutes to release their energy. Detailed analyzed of solar flare event on 2016 and 2017 based on e-CALLISTO, the higher the number of active region sunspots, the higher the class of flares produced and released. Four classes of solar are observed in categories of frequency, interplanetary magnetic field and sunspot number emitted by the solar. By using the interplanetary magnetic field data, the magnetic energy contained in the active region sunspots has been calculated which this magnetic energy triggered the emission of solar flare. This study exposed us to analyze the active region waves as a trigger of solar flares and also the factor influenced by it. The physical element that triggers the solar flare by measuring the magnetic energy in the flaring site.
The Impact on Climate Change Due to the Effect of Global Electromagnetic Waves of Solar Flare and Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) Phenomena
Authors: Mohamad Ansor N , Hamidi Z S , Shariff N N M 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Climate change has a close relation with the variability of the Sun’s energy radiated, which is associated with solar activity and this issue has been the top debate topic among climate scientists in finding out the main source of the changing in Earth’s climate. Previous studies were discussing on human activities and formation of 14
C and 14
Be isotopes which are likely contributing to the temperature increment of Earth’s surface. However, the pattern of climate on this planet is always depending on the condition of its main source of energy; the Sun. In this paper, we briefly review the impact of production of 14
C and 14
Be isotopes to Earth’s temperature. We also discussed in this article on how the variability of solar activity contributes to climate change. The main method in carrying out this study is by solar observation. We present the summary of several sets of significant solar events in 2017 and its relationship with Earth’s temperature. It is believed that Earth’s climate is likely to be affected by the variability of solar activity, in the sense that solar minimum in 2017 causes it to be the second highest annual temperature with 0.89°C warmer than normal temperature.
Effect of Soret and Dufour numbers on double diffusive mixed convection boundary layer flow induced by a shrinking sheet
Authors: Suzilliana Putri Mohamed Isa Siti , Md. Arifin Norihan , Farooq Umer 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The numerical study of double diffusive mixed convection boundary layer flow over a shrinking sheet are presented in the presence of Soret and Dufour effects. Shrinking velocity, wall temperature and wall concentration are assumed to have exponential function forms. Non-similarity method is applied for the governing basic equations (flow, momentum, energy and concentration equations) before they are solved numerically using bvp4c program in Matlab software. The numerical results of velocity, temperature and concentration are reported graphically for various values of suction parameter, dimensionless coordinate along the plate parameter, shrinking parameter, mixed convection parameter, buoyancy ratio parameter, Soret parameter and Dufour parameter. Since dual solutions is obtained, stability analysis is performed to select the stable solution.
Bearing capacity assessment for a timber girder when subject to a localised fire
Authors: Kmiecik K 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Timber girders are often used as roofs in large-area buildings. One of the most important issues concerning the design of timber structures are fire safety requirements. Safe design requires adequate knowledge and modelling of the physical and chemical reactions inside the timber members exposed to fire. Wood is a combustible material. At 300°C the pyrolysis takes place which cause loss in mass and decrease the strength and mechanical properties. European standards introduce simplified methods for assessing load-bearing capacity in fire conditions. The second approach is advanced numerical modelling. This paper presents results from numerical studies on fire resistance of timber girder when subject to a localised fire. The numerical simulations have been performed with application of the SAFIR computer program. The numerical model of a timber girder was made. European standards recommend estimating the fire resistance of a structure based on the ISO fire curve. The advantage of such an approach is simplicity. It can lead to overestimating load-bearing capacity. Therefore, the cost of construction and fire protection will be higher. Another approach is implementation of appropriate fire models. Then, determining the temperature-time relationship for the analysed structure members. In this paper localised and IS0 fire were assumed. The heat was applied for three sides of the beam. An uneven cross-section along the length was also assumed. The obtained results indicate that advanced numerical analysis allows for a more accurate estimation of the load-bearing capacity of timber elements exposed to fire.
A posteriori modelling of a fire spreading in selected types of industrial halls
Authors: Maslak M , Pazdanowski M , Suchodola M , Wozniczka P 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Two different scenarios of fire development identified for two industrial halls are considered and discussed in detail. In both cases an attempt is made, using the appropriate numerical models, to describe a posteriori the spread of a fire that has already occurred in the past. The numerical model is implemented in a Fire Dynamic Simulator (i.e. FDS) computer program and used for simulation. The first considered hall is an one-storey two-aisled steel structure with an incomplete covering of its side walls. Recyclable materials were stored inside, mainly the plastic waste. The fire observed in this hall developed slowly, being repeatedly partly suppressed and then subjected to flashover again. The other building described in this contribution is an one-bay steel hall located in a transhipment terminal, in which the crude oil was stored in railroad tank cars. In this case, a fire initiated by the ignition of oil leaking from the damaged tank car and quickly intensified by the collapse of a part of the hall roof proceeded rapidly until the fuel supply ran out. The basic parameters of both models developed by the authors were calibrated on the basis of available material data as well as of the reports received from meteorological stations located in the vicinity of the destroyed halls.