bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Processable Thermally Conductive Polyurethane Composite Fibers
Authors: Farajikhah Syamak , Van Amber Rebecca , Sayyar Sepidar , Shafei Sajjad , Fay Cormac D. , Beirne Stephen , Javadi Mohammad , Wang Xungai , Innis Peter C. , Paull Brett , Wallace Gordon G. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe demand for wearable electronics has resulted in an increasing interest in the development of functional fibers, with a specific focus upon the development of electrically conductive fibers incorporable into garments. However, the production of thermally conductive fibers for heat dissipation has been largely neglected. Owing to the very rapid development of miniaturized wearable electronics, there is an increasing need for the development of thermally conductive fibers as heat sinks and thermal management processes. In this study, thermally conductive but electrically insulating boron nitride nanopowder (BNNP) fillers are used to effectively enhance the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of elastomeric polyurethane fibers. Thermal conductivity enhancement of more than 160% is achieved at very low loadings of BNNP (less than 5 wt%) with an improvement in the mechanical properties of the unmodified fiber. These thermally conductive fibers are also incorporated into 3D textile structures as a proof of processability.
Molecular “Building Block” and “Side Chain Engineering”: Approach to Synthesis of Multifunctional and Soluble Poly(pyrrole phenylene)s
Authors: Chan Eddie Wai Chi , Baek Paul , Tan Shi Min , Davidson Samuel J. , Barker David , Travas‐Sejdic Jadranka 
Published: December 2018

AbstractHere, the synthesis of a novel poly(pyrrole phenylene) (PpyP) that is both modular in ways of functionalization and soluble in organic solvents is reported, and therefore solution processable. This is achieved through the functionalization of the side‐chain substituents in pyrrole phenylene (PyP) repeating units.
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Butyl acrylate brushes are first grafted through atom transfer radical polymerization from one type of PyP, followed by oxidative chemical co‐polymerization of the grafted PyP with a PyP bearing different side chains—either an azide or a methoxy moiety, resulting in a soluble PpyP where solubility is not dopant‐dependent. Successful post‐polymerization modification through “click” chemistry and post‐polymerization processing via electrospinning are also demonstrated. Additionally, performed computational calculations indicate planarity of the novel polyrrole phenylene monomers and ionisation potentials that favor α–α bond formation during their polymerization.
A miniaturized parallel ring coupling high gain antenna for biomedical applications
Authors: Patel Riki , Upadhyaya Trushit , Desai Arpan 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn this article, a compact planar antenna having an Olympic rings symbol shaped patch attached with dual arms and 50 Ω feed‐line is proposed for biomedical applications. The proposed antenna has a size of 20 ×20 × 1.6 mm and resonates at 2.45 GHz. The antenna parameters are analyzed and the final design is proposed after carefully optimizing the antenna dimensions. The antenna shows an impedance bandwidth of 2.4‐2.49 GHz with unidirectional radiation pattern. The peak gain of the proposed miniaturized antenna is 6.4 dBi which makes it suitable for its use in the near‐field biomedical applications.
High Solid Acrylic–Melamine Latexes with Tunable Crosslinking Capability
Authors: Córdoba Carlos A. , Ronco Ludmila I. , Barrios Celina E. , Gugliotta Luis M. , Minari Roque J. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMiniemulsion polymerization is employed to produce high solid content (50%) acrylic/melamine latexes with varied crosslinking capability, for their potential application as waterborne crosslinkable coatings. This synthesis strategy allows the efficient incorporation of a hydrophobic crosslinker, iso‐butylated melamine (iBMF), into polymer particles, and to obtain latexes with different iBMF concentrations and acrylic polymer with varied content of hydroxylic groups (OH–). The involved crosslinking mechanisms and the physical transformations during film thermosetting of acrylic/iBMF nanocomposite are exhaustively investigated by combining thermal, spectroscopic, and thermo‐mechanical analyses. The influence of reactive groups concentration (iBMF and OH– content in the acrylic polymer) on the rate of curing, the crosslinking degree, and consequently onto the sensitive properties of cured films are discussed here.
Plazomicin: A Next‐Generation Aminoglycoside
Authors: Shaeer Kristy M. , Zmarlicka Monika T. , Chahine Elias B. , Piccicacco Nicholas , Cho Jonathan C. 
Published: December 2018

Plazomicin is a novel aminoglycoside antibiotic that binds to the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit, thus inhibiting protein synthesis in a concentration‐dependent manner. Plazomicin displays a broad spectrum of activity against aerobic gram‐negative bacteria including extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase–producing Enterobacteriaceae, carbapenem‐resistant Enterobacteriaceae, and organisms with aminoglycoside‐modifying enzymes. In a large phase III clinical trial, plazomicin was shown to be noninferior to meropenem in the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections (cUTIs) with respect to the coprimary efficacy end points of the microbiologically modified intent‐to‐treat composite cure rate at day 5 (plazomicin 88% [168/191 subjects] vs meropenem 91.4% [180/197]) and at the test‐of‐cure visit (plazomicin 81.7% [156/191] vs meropenem 70.1% [138/197]). In a small phase III clinical trial, plazomicin was shown to be effective in the treatment of infections caused by carbapenem‐resistant Enterobacteriaceae. It was associated with a lower all‐cause mortality or significant disease‐related complication rate (23.5% [4/17]) compared with colistin (50% [10/20]). The most common adverse reactions associated with plazomicin are decreased renal function, diarrhea, hypertension, headache, nausea, vomiting, and hypotension. As with other aminoglycosides, plazomicin may cause neuromuscular blockade, ototoxicity, and fetal harm in pregnant women. Due to limited efficacy and safety data, plazomicin is indicated for the treatment of cUTIs in adults with limited or no alternative treatment options, using a dosage regimen of 15 mg/kg intravenously every 24 hours for 4–7 days. Dosage reductions and therapeutic drug monitoring are warranted in patients with moderate or severe renal impairment. Plazomicin is not recommended in patients with severe renal impairment including those receiving renal replacement therapy. With the approval of plazomicin, clinicians now have an additional option for the treatment of adults with cUTIs, particularly those caused by multidrug‐resistant gram‐negative rods.
Acceptance and commitment therapy for adults with advanced cancer (CanACT): A feasibility randomised controlled trial
Authors: Serfaty Marc , Armstrong Megan , Vickerstaff Victoria , Davis Sarah , Gola Anna , McNamee Philip , Omar Rumana Z. , King Michael , Tookman Adrian , Jones Louise , Low Joseph T.S. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo understand the feasibility of recruiting people with advanced cancer into a randomised controlled trial of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) vs a standardised talking control (TC) and delivering ACT to this population; to explore the acceptability of outcome measures and generate normative data.MethodsThis was a feasibility two‐arm randomised controlled trial. Participants were attendees with advanced cancer at one of three hospice‐based day‐therapy units in London, United Kingdom, who demonstrated low scores on the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapies—General (FACT‐G). The primary end point was 3 months.ResultsThe recruitment target was 54 participants; 42 people were recruited and randomised to up to eight individual sessions of ACT (n = 20) or TC (n = 22). Eighteen out of 42 (43%) of participants completed the primary outcome at 3 months, and at least one follow‐up was available in 30/42 (71%) participants. An exploratory analysis revealed a non‐significant adjusted mean difference after 3 months in the main outcome FACT‐G of −3.41 (CI = −18.61‐11.79) with TC having better functioning. Over 6 months, the adjusted mean difference between trial arms was 2.25 (CI = −6.03‐10.52) in favour of ACT.ConclusionsIt is feasible to recruit people with advanced cancer in a trial of ACT versus TC. Future research should test the effectiveness of ACT in a fully powered trial.
Assessment of water treatment residuals as sorbent material in permeable reactive barriers: Application to a copper‐contaminated site
Authors: Walkons Chris , Mayer Alex , Datta Rupali , Sarkar Dibyendu 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe objective of this study is to design a pilot‐scale permeable reactive barrier (PRB) for the removal of copper from groundwater in Keweenaw Peninsula, Michigan. The reactive material selected for the barrier is drinking water treatment residuals (WTR)—the residuals of alum coagulants used in a local drinking water treatment plant. Physical and chemical properties of the WTR were determined. Synthetic precipitation leaching procedure tests indicated the concentrations of hazardous elements leached from the residuals do not exceed U.S. Environmental Protection Agency limits and, hence, can be safely recycled as PRB material. Batch reactor tests showed that equilibrium sorption of copper is high and fits a Langmuir‐type isotherm. Site characterization studies included groundwater flow direction, pore water velocity, and contaminant concentration to determine optimal dimensions and placement of the PRB. Permeameter tests were performed with various mixtures of the WTR and an inert support material (pea gravel) to determine the ideal mix to match the hydraulic conductivity of the field site. Kinetic and column experiments were conducted to understand the significance of chemical and physical mass transfer limitations. Based on the results, dimensions of a PRB to meet the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality target level of 0.031 milligrams per liter (mg/L) total Cu were calculated.
Ultrasonically and Photonically Simulatable Bi‐Ceria Nanocubes for Enhanced Catalytic Degradation of Aqueous Dyes: A Detailed Study on Optimization, Mechanism and Stability
Authors: Shanavas Shajahan , Priyadharsan Arumugam , Dharmaboopathi Kaliyannan , Ragavan Iruthayaraj , Vidya Chinnaian , Anbarasan Ponnusamy Munusamy 
Published: December 2018

AbstractUltrasonically and photonically simulatable heterogeneous Bi substituted ceria nanocubes was synthesized via a modified hydrothermal method with the series of seven different substitution concentration of Bi (1‐11 mol%). The microscopic images showed the formation of regular cubic shaped Bi substituted ceria nanocubes. The results obtained from X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed the substitution of Bi ions in ceria lattice. The optical properties of nanocubes were investigated via UV visible diffuse reflectance spectral characterization and it revealed that the nanocubes were capable of absorbing wider range of photons generated during ultrasonic cavitation effect. The sonocatalytic and photocatalytic performance of as prepared Bi substituted ceria nanocubes were examined by three different acidic/anionic and basic/cationic organic dyes. The effective condition for enhanced Bi substituted ceria nanocubes assisted sonocatalytic degradation of organic dyes was studied by altering the different initial operating parameters. The possible sonocatalytic and photocatalytic degradation reaction mechanism of Bi substituted ceria nanocubes is elucidated. The obtained experimental results show that the Bi substituted ceria nanocubes has good sonocatalytic as well as a photocatalytic ability on the degradation of both basic/cationic and acidic/anionic dyes with higher catalytic stability.
DABCO‐Catalysed One‐Pot Eco‐Friendly Synthetic Strategies for Accessing Pyranochromenone and Bis(benzochromenone) Compounds
Authors: Bagchi Sourav , Monga Aparna , Kumar Sagar , Deeksha  , Sharma Anuj 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAn easy, facile and mild approach of liquid assisted grinding for the synthesis of novel dihydrobenzo[f]pyrano[3,2‐c]chromenone derivatives using multicomponent cascade is herein described. The advantages of this protocol is one pot strategy, high reaction throughput, excellent yields, diversified scope, excellent score of green matrices. In addition, synthesis of bis(benzo[f]chromen‐3‐one) derivatives under microwave irradiation have also been established. The current methods utilize DABCO as a catalyst in forging these bioactive molecules. Also, all the final products are obtained by mere filtration, and the reaction conditions do not require any harsh reagents or typical work up.
Grammar engineering for multiple front‐ends for Python
Authors: Malloy Brian A. , Power James F. 
Published: December 2018

SummaryIn this paper, we describe our experience in grammar engineering to construct multiple parsers and front ends for the Python language. We present a metrics‐based study of the evolution of the Python grammars through the multiple versions of the language in an effort to distinguish and measure grammar evolution and to provide a basis of comparison with related research in grammar engineering. To conduct this research, we have built a toolkit, pygrat, which builds on tools developed in other research. We use pygrat to build a system that automates much of the process needed to translate the Python grammars from EBNF to a formalism acceptable to the bison parser generator. We exploit the suite of Python test cases, used by the Python developers, to validate our parser generation. Finally, we describe our use of the menhir parser generator to facilitate the parser and front‐end construction, eliminating some of the transformations and providing practical support for grammar modularisation.
Valorization of Food and Agricultural Waste: A Step towards Greener Future
Authors: Rao Priyanka , Rathod Virendra 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWith the progress in technology and population, an enormous amount of agricultural and food waste is being generated throughout the world. In the past, food and agro‐wastes were either burnt off or allowed to rot in fields, but this can be potentially hazardous to the environment. Therefore, approaches with respect to their utilization, reuse, and processing need to be developed to enable the sustainable utilization of feedstock and reduce pollution. Agricultural wastes mainly comprise of cellulosic fibres possessing high fixed carbon content and multifunctional groups. Agricultural waste shows considerable applicability due to its high strength, environmentally benign nature, low cost, and ease of availability and reusability. All these characteristics have been researched upon in the past, in the sector of waste water management for the removal of heavy metals and dyes. Similarly, a variety of food and agro‐waste has been adopted as sources for new drug leads or important phytochemicals with different therapeutic benefits. Agro‐waste can also be employed for enzyme immobilization after proper modification. Apart from this waste cooking oil comes under the category of food waste and can be processed to prepare alternate energy source such as biodiesel. This personal account summarizes the development, processing, and application of food and agro‐waste in the production of biodiesel, environmental remediation, curative medicine, and in the development of biocatalysts, by researchers in our laboratory.
Practical and Scalable Organic Reactions with Flow Microwave Apparatus
Authors: Egami Hiromichi , Hamashima Yoshitaka 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMicrowave irradiation has been used for accelerating organic reactions as a heating method and has been proven to be useful in laboratory scale organic synthesis. The major drawback of microwave chemistry is the difficulty in scaling up, mainly because of the low penetration depth of microwaves. The combination of microwave chemistry and flow chemistry is considered to overcome the problem in scaling up of microwave‐assisted organic reactions, and some flow microwave systems have been developed in both academic and industrial communities. In this context, we have demonstrated the scale‐up of fundamental organic reactions using a novel flow microwave system developed by the academic‐industrial alliance between the University of Shizuoka, Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, and SAIDA FDS. In this Personal Account, we summarize the recent progress of our scalable microwave‐assisted continuous synthesis using the SAIDA flow microwave apparatus.
Molecular and Device Design Strategies for Ideal Performance White Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Wang Zhiheng , Su Shi‐Jian 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe progress of white organic light‐emitting diodes (WOLEDs) via adopting fluorescent and phosphorescent organic materials have attracted commercial interest for their broad range of visible spectrum and potential of 100 % internal quantum efficiency. In this account, smart molecular designs for developing efficient phosphorescent host and good color purity blue fluorescent emitters are prepared to be discussed, especially donor‐acceptor modification to regulate their triplet states and bipolar transport properties. Rational device configuration design strategies were also introduced by cooperating with efficient conventional fluorescent and thermally activated delayed fluorescent emitting molecules to achieve full exciton utilization and simplified device structures, further suggesting perspectives of potentially low‐cost, ideal performance and promoted operational lifetime in WOLED devices.
State of the science review of the health effects of inorganic arsenic: Perspectives for future research
Authors: Tchounwou Paul B. , Yedjou Clement G. , Udensi Udensi K. , Pacurari Maricica , Stevens Jacqueline J. , Patlolla Anita K. , Noubissi Felicite , Kumar Sanjay 
Published: December 2018

AbstractHuman exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) is a global health issue. Although there is strong evidence for iAs‐induced toxicity at higher levels of exposure, many epidemiological studies evaluating its effects at low exposure levels have reported mixed results. We comprehensively reviewed the literature and evaluated the scientific knowledge on human exposure to arsenic, mechanisms of action, systemic and carcinogenic effects, risk characterization, and regulatory guidelines. We identified areas where additional research is needed. These priority areas include: (1) further development of animal models of iAs carcinogenicity to identify molecular events involved in iAs carcinogenicity; (2) characterization of underlying mechanisms of iAs toxicity; (3) assessment of gender‐specific susceptibilities and other factors that modulate arsenic metabolism; (4) sufficiently powered epidemiological studies to ascertain relationship between iAs exposure and reproductive/developmental effects; (5) evaluation of genetic/epigenetic determinants of iAs effects in children; and (6) epidemiological studies of people chronically exposed to low iAs concentrations.
Trailing edge serrations effects on the aerodynamic performance of a NACA 643418
Authors: Llorente Elena , Ragni Daniele 
Published: December 2018

AbstractA study of the aerodynamic performance of a NACA 643418 airfoil with trailing edge serrations is presented. For the prediction of the changes in lift due to the serration installation, an empirical law is derived that can be extended to typical cambered airfoils for wind turbine applications. The law is deduced from 2D and 3D Reynolds‐averaged Navier–Stokes simulations (RANS) of the flow over the airfoil. Lift and drag together with the changes in the wake flow due to the presence of the serrated edges are investigated. An additional study of the sensitivity of the results at Rec = 3·106 with respect to the turbulence modeling is carried out by using three different RANS models: Spalart–Allmaras, k‐omega SST, and Transition SST. Results show that the changes in lift due to trailing‐edge extensions are approximated by the effect of a split plate with reduced length.
First-in-human phase 1 study of novel dUTPase inhibitor TAS-114 in combination with S-1 in Japanese patients with advanced solid tumors
Authors: Doi Toshihiko , Yoh Kiyotaka , Shitara Kohei , Takahashi Hideaki , Ueno Makoto , Kobayashi Satoshi , Morimoto Manabu , Okusaka Takuji , Ueno Hideki , Morizane Chigusa , Okano Naohiro , Nagashima Fumio , Furuse Junji 
Published: December 2018

Summary
Background This first-in-human phase 1 study assessed the safety of TAS-114, a novel deoxyuridine triphosphatase inhibitor, combined with S-1 to determine its maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and recommended dose (RD). Methods In this dose-escalation study with a 3 + 3 design, TAS-114 and S-1 were concurrently administered orally under fasting conditions at 5–240 mg/m2 and 30–36 mg/m2, respectively, in patients with advanced solid tumors. Safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetics (PK) were evaluated. Results Seventy-six patients were enrolled. The MTD and RD were TAS-114 200 mg/m2 plus S-1 36 mg/m2 and TAS-114 240 mg/m2 plus S-1 30 mg/m2, respectively. Common treatment-related adverse events were anemia, lymphocytopenia, leukopenia, neutropenia, decreased appetite, rash, nausea, and pigmentation disorder. Partial response (PR) was observed in 10 patients (non-small cell lung cancer [NSCLC], n = 5; pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, n = 2; gastric cancer, n = 2; gallbladder cancer, n = 1). Of these, four patients achieved PR despite prior treatment history with S-1. Patients administered TAS-114 exhibited linear PK and CYP3A4 induction, with no effect on the PK of S-1. Conclusion TAS-114 plus S-1 showed tolerable, safe, and potentially effective results. To confirm safety and efficacy, two phase 2 studies are ongoing in NSCLC and gastric cancer patients. Clinical trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01610479) .
Dietary changes and cognition over 2 years within a multidomain intervention trial—The Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER)
Authors: Lehtisalo Jenni , Levälahti Esko , Lindström Jaana , Hänninen Tuomo , Paajanen Teemu , Peltonen Markku , Antikainen Riitta , Laatikainen Tiina , Strandberg Timo , Soininen Hilkka , Tuomilehto Jaakko , Kivipelto Miia , Ngandu Tiia 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIntroductionAssociation between healthy diet and better cognition is well established, but evidence is limited to evaluate the effect of dietary changes adopted in older age.MethodsWe investigated the role of dietary changes in the Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER) with 1260 at‐risk participants (60–77 years) who were randomized to intensive multidomain intervention (including dietary counseling) or regular health advice for 2 years. Parallel process latent growth curves of adherence to dietary recommendations and cognitive performance were analyzed.ResultsAdherence to healthy diet at baseline predicted improvement in global cognition, regardless of intervention allocation (P = .003). Dietary improvement was associated with beneficial changes in executive function, especially in the intervention group (P = .008; P = .051 for groups combined).DiscussionDietary changes initiated during the intervention were related to changes in executive function in 2 years. Long‐term diet appeared more influential for global cognition.