bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FARS2 mutations presenting with pure spastic paraplegia and lesions of the dentate nuclei
Authors: Sahai Supreet K. , Steiner Rebecca E. , Au Margaret G. , Graham John M. , Salamon Noriko , Ibba Michael , Pierson Tyler M. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractMutations in FARS2, the gene encoding the mitochondrial phenylalanine‐tRNA synthetase (mtPheRS), have been linked to a range of phenotypes including epileptic encephalopathy, developmental delay, and motor dysfunction. We report a 9‐year‐old boy with novel compound heterozygous variants of FARS2, presenting with a pure spastic paraplegia syndrome associated with bilateral signal abnormalities in the dentate nuclei. Exome sequencing identified a paternal nonsense variant (Q216X) lacking the catalytic core and anticodon‐binding regions, and a maternal missense variant (P136H) possessing partial enzymatic activity. This case confirms and expands the phenotype related to FARS2 mutations with regards to clinical presentation and neuroimaging findings.
Enzyme‐Free Detection of Glucose with a Hybrid Conductive Gel Electrode
Authors: Wustoni Shofarul , Savva Achilleas , Sun Ruofan , Bihar Eloise , Inal Sahika 
Published: August 2018

AbstractCurrent assays for glucose monitoring rely predominantly on glucose oxidation‐catalyzing enzymes because of the high specificity of enzyme–substrate interactions. Enzymes are however expensive, suffer from instability during fabrication, operation, and storage, and necessitate complex procedures for integration with transducer materials. These challenges, rendering the enzyme‐based sensors disadvantageous for routine glucose monitoring, can be overcome by nonenzymatic sensors. Here, for the enzyme‐free detection of glucose, an electroactive gel is developed via one‐pot polymerization. The functional material is a hybrid of the conducting polymer poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrenesulfonate and a polyacrylamide gel functionalized with phenylboronic acid. As an electrode, the gel exhibits a specific current response to glucose within the standard concentration range measured in the complex blood‐like medium. When integrated as the lateral, micrometer‐scale gate electrode of an organic electrochemical transistor (OECT), the channel current is proven to be sensitive to the presence of glucose in the measurement solution. The advantage of the OECT‐based sensor compared to the amperometric electrode is its miniaturized form, amplified input signal as well the elimination of a reference electrode. Adaptable to different geometries, this conducting gel exhibits multifunctionality within its soft, gel‐like architecture, that is, mixed ionic and electronic conductivity and glucose‐specific electrical response.
Effect of filler content, size, aspect ratio and morphology on thermal, morphological and permeability properties of porous talc filled—Polypropylene obtained throughMEAUSprocess
Authors: Habibi Kian , Castejón Pilar , Martínez Antonio B. , Arencón David 
Published: August 2018

AbstractSeveral commercial grades of talc were selected to develop polypropylene based microporous membranes throughMEAUSprocess (melt extrusion—annealing—uniaxial strain). Talc commercial grades differed in particle size, aspect ratio, and crystalline morphology. Different filler percentages were added to polypropylene (1, 5, 10 wt.%) Parameters such as draw ratio during extrusion, annealing temperature strain rate, and strain extension were kept as constant to analyze the effect of the talc characteristics and content of the obtained membranes. Small particle size and high aspect ratio tend to provide membranes with small pore size, high porous area, and high Gurley permeability values.
Fe‐CoP Electrocatalyst Derived from a Bimetallic Prussian Blue Analogue for Large‐Current‐Density Oxygen Evolution and Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Cao Li‐Ming , Hu Yu‐Wen , Tang Shang‐Feng , Iljin Andrey , Wang Jia‐Wei , Zhang Zhi‐Ming , Lu Tong‐Bu 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIndustrial application of overall water splitting requires developing readily available, highly efficient, and stable oxygen evolution electrocatalysts that can efficiently drive large current density. This study reports a facile and practical method to fabricate a non‐noble metal catalyst by directly growing a Co‐Fe Prussian blue analogue on a 3D porous conductive substrate, which is further phosphorized into a bifunctional Fe‐doped CoP (Fe‐CoP) electrocatalyst. The Fe‐CoP/NF (nickel foam) catalyst shows efficient electrocatalytic activity for oxygen evolution reaction, requiring low overpotentials of 190, 295, and 428 mV to achieve 10, 500, and 1000 mA cm−2 current densities in 1.0 m KOH solution. In addition, the Fe‐CoP/NF can also function as a highly active electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction with a low overpotential of 78 mV at 10 mA cm−2 current density in alkaline solution. Thus, the Fe‐CoP/NF electrode with meso/macropores can act as both an anode and a cathode to fabricate an electrolyzer for overall water splitting, only requiring a cell voltage of 1.49 V to afford a 10 mA cm−2 current density with remarkable stability. This performance appears to be among the best reported values and is much better than that of the IrO2‐Pt/C‐based electrolyzer.
Beyond Friedel and Crafts: Directed Alkylation of C−H Bonds in Arenes
Authors: Evano Gwilherm , Theunissen Cédric 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAlkylation of arenes is one of the most fundamental transformations in chemical synthesis and leads to privileged scaffolds in many areas of science. Classical methods for the introduction of alkyl groups to arenes are mostly based on the Friedel–Crafts reaction, radical additions, metalation, or prefunctionalization of the arene: these methods, however, suffer from limitations in scope, efficiency, and selectivity. Moreover, they are based on the innate reactivity of the starting arene, favoring the alkylation at a certain position and rendering the introduction of alkyl chains at other positions much more challenging. This can be addressed by the use of a directing group that facilitates, in the presence of a metal catalyst, the regioselective alkylation of a C−H bond. These directed alkylations of C−H bonds in arenes will be comprehensively summarized in this Review.
Circular business models for sustainable development: A “waste is food” restorative ecosystem
Authors: Zucchella Antonella , Previtali Pietro 
Published: August 2018

AbstractOur aim is to provide a better understanding of a business model based on circular principles. In particular, we focus on two issues that support the development of a circular business model: (a) the focal actor as orchestrator of the circular network and (b) the circular ecosystem encompassing suppliers, customers, research centers, and public authorities, in which each actor/stakeholder plays a specific role, based on effective interorganizational relationships. The research method applied is an in‐depth nested single case study of a circular project. Our results highlight an exemplar case of an ecosystemic business model in agriculture, involving different types of innovation and strong collaboration among network members, orchestrated by a focal firm. The abductive approach used led to the formulation of some research propositions and to the identification of some adoption factors and barriers to growth in circular business models.
Do environmental, social, and governance activities improve corporate financial performance?
Authors: Xie Jun , Nozawa Wataru , Yagi Michiyuki , Fujii Hidemichi , Managi Shunsuke 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis study investigated the relationship between corporate efficiency and corporate sustainability to determine whether firms concerned about environmental, social, and governance (ESG) issues can also be efficient and profitable. We applied data envelopment analysis to estimate corporate efficiency and investigated the nonlinear relationship between corporate efficiency and ESG disclosure. Evidence shows that corporate transparency regarding ESG information has a positive association with corporate efficiency at the moderate disclosure level, rather than at the high or low disclosure level. Governance information disclosure has the strongest positive linkage with corporate efficiency, followed by social and environmental information disclosure. Moreover, we explored the relationship between particular ESG activities and corporate financial performance (CFP), including corporate efficiency, return on assets, and market value. We found that most of the ESG activities reveal a nonnegative relationship with CFP. These findings may provide evidence about voluntary corporate social responsibility strategy choices for enhancing corporate sustainability.
Blood finds its own way: Axillary vein thrombosis with extensive chest‐wall collaterals
Authors: Koratala Abhilash , Bhattacharya Deepti , Chamarthi Gajapathiraju 
Published: August 2018

Key Clinical MessageHemodialysis catheters are associated with upper extremity deep vein thrombosis, and chronic venous occlusion leads to the formation of collateral pathways. Knowledge of these pathways aids in accurate interpretation of upper extremity venograms. Arteriovenous fistula is the preferred access for chronic hemodialysis, and long‐term use of catheters should be avoided.
Repurposing the Industrial Dye Methylene Blue as an Active Component for Redox Flow Batteries
Authors: Kosswattaarachchi Anjula M. , Cook Timothy R. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractMethylene blue is a common component of industrial wastewater in the textile industry. The redox properties of this environmentally damaging molecule make it suitable for use in the electrolyte solutions of aqueous redox flow batteries. Here, we carry out electrochemical analyses of aqueous methylene blue solutions to establish the dye as a pH tuneable, two‐electron redox transfer agent with fast transfer kinetics. Galvanostatic charge‐discharge experiments demonstrated ∼100 % coulombic efficiency for 50 cycles over seven days. Cycling performance was dependent on the membrane separator used. Cells containing an AMI‐7001 membrane showed a capacity decay with the state‐of‐charge falling to 56 % due to dye adsorption. Nafion NE1035 showed no adsorption nor membrane crossover. The combination of chemical and redox stability, and fast kinetics motivate the recycling of methylene blue wastewater as the basis for flow battery electrolyte solutions.
Highly Responsive Fluorescent Assemblies Allow for Unique, Multiparametric Sensing of the Phospholipid Membrane Environment
Authors: Gulyani Akash , Dey Nilanjan , Bhattacharya Santanu 
Published: August 2018

AbstractDespite decades‐long extensive research, probes that provide a comprehensive description of the lipid membrane microenvironment are still lacking. Here, a “smart” pyrene‐terpyridine probe for multiparametric sensing of lipid membranes is reported. The complexity of the associated local microenvironment can be described by the distinct features of the probe fluorescence. The self‐assembly of the probe molecules in phospholipid bilayers was sensitive to membrane order and phase state. The self‐assembled probes showed a unique emission, influenced by dye–dye interactions and excited‐state charge transfer. Moreover, this emission was sensitive to interfacial hydration, with very specific changes in emission wavelengths and fluorescence lifetimes upon variation of lipid compositions and properties. In parallel, changes in the lipid order and hydration affected the ground‐state interactions in the dye aggregates and, thus, could be measured through ratiometric changes in the excitation and emission readouts. In addition, fluorescence anisotropy measurements provided another way to study the nature of dye aggregates in lipid bilayers. Overall, this report demonstrates how multiple aspects of the membrane microenvironment can be sensed through the unique fluorescence signatures of this “smart” probe in lipid membranes, and it establishes a new paradigm in lipid‐membrane sensing.
RADAR: Self‐configuring and self‐healing in resource management for enhancing quality of cloud services
Authors: Gill Sukhpal Singh , Chana Inderveer , Singh Maninder , Buyya Rajkumar 
Published: August 2018

SummaryCloud computing utilizes heterogeneous resources that are located in various datacenters to provide an efficient performance on a pay‐per‐use basis. However, existing mechanisms, frameworks, and techniques for management of resources are inadequate to manage these applications, environments, and the behavior of resources. There is a requirement of a Quality of Service (QoS) based autonomic resource management technique to execute workloads and deliver cost‐efficient and reliable cloud services automatically. In this paper, we present an intelligent and autonomic resource management technique named RADAR. RADAR focuses on two properties of self‐management: firstly, self‐healing that handles unexpected failures and, secondly, self‐configuration of resources and applications. The performance of RADAR is evaluated in the cloud simulation environment and the experimental results show that RADAR delivers better outcomes in terms of execution cost, resource contention, execution time, and SLA violation while it delivers reliable services.
The network structure of Chinese finance market through the method of complex network and random matrix theory
Authors: Ji Jian , Huang Chuanchao , Cao Ya , Hu Sen 
Published: August 2018

SummaryAs we know, economic policy has a significant influence on the stock market. So, it should be interesting to detect the relation between the correlation structure of the stock market and economic policy. To achieve this target, the correlation matrix is analyzed through component analysis method first, to detect the economic implication of the components of correlation matrix. It is found that the biggest driving force of market behavior affects the whole stock market instead of individual stock or plate and the evolution of important plates of the second component relates closely to economic policies. Then, ordinary networks, denoising networks, and noise networks are constructed for different periods and distinction among the structures of different networks in the same period is analyzed. The result suggests that the economic factors corresponding to the first and second components make the stock market be sensitive and lead to a gathering effect in ordinary and denoising networks. At last, based on the inferences from this paper, the formation of power law in the stock network and the influence of crisis on the structure of stock network are discussed.
Comparison of JC‐1 and MitoTracker probes for mitochondrial viability assessment in stored canine platelet concentrates: A flow cytometry study
Authors: Marcondes Natália Aydos , Terra Silvia Resende , Lasta Camila Serina , Hlavac Nicole Regina Capacchi , Dalmolin Magnus Larruscaim , Lacerda Luciana de Almeida , Faulhaber Gustavo Adolpho Moreira , González Félix Hilário Díaz 
Published: August 2018

AbstractMitochondria perform crucial roles in many biochemical processes, and mitochondrial depolarization is an early sign of platelet apoptosis. The mitochondrial membrane potential is usually evaluated through JC‐1 probe, but it can also be assessed with MitoTracker probes. Our aim was to evaluate mitochondrial viability in stored canine platelet concentrates (PCs) with the fluorescent probes JC‐1 and MitoTracker. Platelets from 22 canine PCs were stained with JC‐1 and MitoTracker probes on days 1, 3, and 5 of storage. Data on metabolic parameters were also collected for correlation studies. Results of JC‐1 and MitoTracker revealed a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential in day 5 of storage compared to days 1 and 3, providing evidence of mitochondrial depolarization, a finding that was confirmed by the data on metabolic parameters. MitoTracker probes also added information regarding platelet swelling. In conclusion, MitoTracker probes offered a more complete mitochondrial analysis in the evaluation of stored canine PCs. © 2018 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Multiannual effects of induced plant defenses: Are defended plants good or bad neighbors?
Authors: Benevenuto Rafael Fonseca , Hegland Stein Joar , Töpper Joachim Paul , Rydgren Knut , Moe Stein R. , Rodriguez‐Saona Cesar , Seldal Tarald 
Published: August 2018

AbstractDefenses induced by herbivore feeding or phytohormones such as methyl jasmonate (MeJA) can affect growth, reproduction, and herbivory, not only on the affected individual but also in its neighboring plants. Here, we report multiannual defense, growth, and reproductive responses of MeJA‐treated bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) and neighboring ramets. In a boreal forest in western Norway, we treated bilberry ramets with MeJA and water (control) and measured responses over three consecutive years. We observed the treatment effects on variables associated with herbivory, growth, and reproduction in the MeJA‐treated and untreated ramet and neighboring ramets distanced from 10 to 500 cm. MeJA‐treated ramets had fewer grazed leaves and browsed shoots compared to control, with higher effects in 2014 and 2015, respectively. In 2013, growth of control ramets was greater than MeJA‐treated ramets. However, MeJA‐treated ramets had more flowers and berries than control ramets 2 years after the treatment. The level of insect and mammalian herbivory was also lower in untreated neighboring ramets distanced 10–150 cm and, consistent with responses of MeJA‐treated ramets, the stronger effect was also one and 2 years delayed, respectively. The same neighboring ramets had fewer flowers and berries than untreated ramets, indicating a trade‐off between defense and reproduction. Although plant–plant effects were observed across all years, the strength varied by the distance between the MeJA‐treated ramets and its untreated neighbors. We document that induced defense in bilberry reduces both insect and mammalian herbivory, as well as growth, over multiple seasons. The defense responses occurred in a delayed manner with strongest effects one and 2 years after the induction. Additionally, our results indicate defense signaling between MeJA‐treated ramets and untreated neighbors. In summary, this study shows that induced defenses are important ecological strategies not only for the induced individual plant but also for neighboring plants across multiple years in boreal forests.
Relative importance of chemical attractiveness to parasites for susceptibility to trematode infection
Authors: Langeloh Laura , Seppälä Otto 
Published: August 2018

AbstractWhile the host immune system is often considered the most important physiological mechanism against parasites, precontact mechanisms determining exposure to parasites may also affect infection dynamics. For instance, chemical cues released by hosts can attract parasite transmission stages. We used the freshwater snail Lymnaea stagnalis and its trematode parasite Echinoparyphium aconiatum to examine the role of host chemical attractiveness, physiological condition, and immune function in determining its susceptibility to infection. We assessed host attractiveness through parasite chemo‐orientation behavior; physiological condition through host body size, food consumption, and respiration rate; and immune function through two immune parameters (phenoloxidase‐like and antibacterial activity of hemolymph) at an individual level. We found that, although snails showed high variation in chemical attractiveness to E. aconiatum cercariae, this did not determine their overall susceptibility to infection. This was because large body size increased attractiveness, but also increased metabolic activity that reduced overall susceptibility. High metabolic rate indicates fast physiological processes, including immune activity. The examined immune traits, however, showed no association with susceptibility to infection. Our results indicate that postcontact mechanisms were more likely to determine snail susceptibility to infection than variation in attractiveness to parasites. These may include localized immune responses in the target tissue of the parasite. The lack of a relationship between food consumption and attractiveness to parasites contradicts earlier findings that show food deprivation reducing snail attractiveness. This suggests that, although variation in resource level over space and time can alter infection dynamics, variation in chemical attractiveness may not contribute to parasite‐induced fitness variation within populations when individuals experience similar environmental conditions.
Selective Determination of Total Capsaicinoids in Plant Material Using Poly(Gallic Acid)‐modified Electrode
Authors: Ziyatdinova Guzel , Kozlova Ekaterina , Budnikov Herman , Davletshin Rustam 
Published: August 2018

AbstractNovel voltammetric approach for the selective determination of total capsaicinoids has been developed using glassy carbon electrode modified with multi‐walled carbon nanotubes and poly(gallic acid) (PGA/MWNT/GCE). The modified electrode provides significant improvements in the capsaicinoids voltammetric characteristics in comparison to GCE and MWNT/GCE. The electrooxidation of capsaicinoids is irreversible adsorption‐controlled process with the anodic transfer coefficient of 0.49–0.53 and heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant of 1300–2400 s−1. The analytical ranges of 0.010–1.0 and 1.0–50 μM for capsaicin, 0.025–0.75 and 0.75–75 μM for dihydrocapsaicin and 0.025–5.0 and 5.0–75 μM for nonivamide with the detection limits of 2.9, 5.9 and 6.1 nM, respectively, have been obtained using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The selectivity of the capsaicinoids quantification in the presence of ascorbic acid, α‐tocopherol and carotenoids is shown. The method has been tested on the samples of red hot pepper spices and Capsicum annuum L. tinctures. The results correspond to the chromatographic data.
Ag−Au‐Bimetal Incorporated ZnO‐Nanorods Photo‐Anodes for Efficient Photoelectrochemical Splitting of Water
Authors: Sharma Vidhika , Prasad Mohit , Rokade Avinash , Ilaiyaraja Perumal , Sudakar Chandran , Jadkar Sandesh 
Published: August 2018

AbstractPlasmonic Ag−Au/ZnO nanorods (ZNRs) based photo‐anodes were synthesized using a simple electrochemical route and were then evaluated for photoelectrochemical (PEC) activity. The amalgamation of Ag and Au nanoclusters broadens the UV‐Vis light absorption in the range of 400 nm to 650 nm. Ag−Au/ZNRs photo‐anodes had shown photocurrent density of ∼1.4 mA cm−2, at a bias of 0.75 V/SCE, which is ∼3.1 times of bare ZNRs photo‐anode. Bi‐metallic Ag−Au/ZNRs based photo‐anode shows the maximum photo‐conversion efficiency of 0.77 % at 0.5 V/SCE, under one sun illumination. Formation of hot electrons in Ag−Au/ZNRs photo‐anodes can be partly held responsible for the enhanced PEC activity. Au/Ag core/shell morphology evolves when a thin layer of Ag is loaded on Au nanoparticles. For an in‐depth analysis on Ag−Au incorporated ZNRs based photo‐anodes and its PEC activity, a detailed characterization was carried out using physico‐chemical, spectral and microscopy techniques. The analysis shows that Au in direct contact with ZnO interacts mainly with oxygen vacancies present on surface of ZnO and Ag interacts with Au for an effective electron‐hole segregation process at their interface and electron storage occurs in metal nanoparticles. The results suggest bi‐metal incorporated ZNRs based photo‐anodes can be a prospective candidate for PEC water splitting application.
Quantifying the constituents of flavours, fragrances and essential oils
Authors: Chaintreau Alain , Bicchi Carlo , Rubiolo Patrizia 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis technical editorial provides the authors with up‐to‐date information to assure the scientific reliability of quantitative data when preparing a manuscript. It summarizes the key points of procedures that have been previously detailed in the Guidelines and Recommended Practices cited hereafter. The reader is warmly encouraged to refer to these papers published in open access.