bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incident Vertebral Fractures During Romosozumab Treatment in a Patient With a Pathogenic LRP5 Variant
Authors: van Velsen Evert F S , Wijnen Mark , Muradin Galied S R , Zillikens M Carola 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
A defect in the canonical Wnt-β-catenin pathway may lead to reduced bone strength and increased fracture risk. Sclerostin is a key inhibitor of this pathway by binding to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor–related protein (LRP)-5/6, thereby reducing bone formation. The effectiveness of romosozumab, a human monoclonal antibody that binds sclerostin and prevents this inhibitory effect, has been questioned in patients with inactivating genetic variants in LRP5 or LRP6. We present a 67-year-old woman with severe osteoporosis with 4 grade 2 vertebral fractures due to a heterozygous pathogenic variant in LRP5. She was treated with romosozumab for 1 year, after which a routine follow-up spine x-ray revealed 5 new vertebral fractures, despite a strong increase in bone mineral density (BMD) (lumbar spine [LS] + 58%; femur neck [FN] + 23%), although overestimated at LS because of the vertebral fractures. This suggests that in patients with loss-of-function LRP5 variants, romosozumab is able to increase BMD. However, it is unclear whether the progressive vertebral fractures are due to the severe osteoporosis in relation to the start of romosozumab or a diminished responsiveness related to her LRP5 variant. Further evaluation is needed on the effect of romosozumab on BMD and fracture outcomes in patients with a likely defective LRP5/6 receptor.
Down in the Metamodernist Plain: Tracing a Twenty-First-Century Structure of Feeling in the Reception of NW and How to Be Both
Authors: Kersten Dennis , Wilbers Usha 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article investigates how the manifestation of the structure of feeling labeled “metamodernism” by academics is recognized and interpreted by readers outside academia, represented by reviewers in established (print) media and on personal blogs and online platforms such as Goodreads. It focuses on the question of how two contemporary British novels (Zadie Smith's NW and Ali Smith's How to Be Both) that have been explicitly discussed in relation to metamodernism by literary scholars are read by readers who do not participate in the current academic debate about the supposed demise of postmodernism and who may not be familiar with the theorization of the new cultural dominant. The aim is to discover how readers recognize, interpret, and describe the novels’ processing of the legacies of modernism and postmodernism in an effort to move beyond both—a characteristic of literary metamodernism according to the scholars working in the field. The authors believe that a qualitative investigation of the reception of the two novels will advance the (academic) discussion aimed at conceptualizing metamodernism as well as contribute to a deeper understanding of the structure of feeling itself.
Stat3 mediates Fyn kinase-driven dopaminergic neurodegeneration and microglia activation
Authors: Siddiqui Sahiba , Liu Fang , Kanthasamy Anumantha G. , McGrail Maura 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
The Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease risk locus FYN kinase is implicated in neurodegeneration and inflammatory signaling. To investigate in vivo mechanisms of Fyn-driven neurodegeneration, we built a zebrafish neural-specific Gal4:UAS model of constitutively active FynY531F signaling. Using in vivo live imaging, we demonstrated that neural FynY531F expression leads to dopaminergic neuron loss and mitochondrial aggregation in 5 day larval brain. Dopaminergic loss coincided with microglia activation and induction of tnfa, il1b and il12a inflammatory cytokine expression. Transcriptome analysis revealed Stat3 signaling as a potential Fyn target. Chemical inhibition experiments confirmed Fyn-driven dopaminergic neuron loss, and the inflammatory response was dependent upon activation of Stat3 and NF-κB pathways. Dual chemical inhibition demonstrated that Stat3 acts synergistically with NF-κB in dopaminergic neuron degeneration. These results identify Stat3 as a novel downstream effector of Fyn signaling in neurodegeneration and inflammation.
Stem cell expression of CXCR4 regulates tissue composition in the vomeronasal organ
Authors: Dietz André , Senf Katja , Neuhaus Eva M. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
The vomeronasal organ (VNO) detects signaling molecules that often prompt innate behaviors, such as aggression and reproduction. Vomeronasal sensory neurons, classified into apical and basal lineages based on receptor expression, have a limited lifespan and are continuously replaced from a common stem cell niche. Using a combination of single-cell RNA sequencing data, immunofluorescence staining and lineage tracing, we identified CXCR4 expression in proliferative stem cells and the basal neuronal lineage. Mice with a conditional knockout of Cxcr4 showed an increased number of SOX2-positive proliferative stem cells and enhanced basal neuronal lineage maturation. In addition, computational gene perturbation analysis revealed 87 transcription factors that might contribute to neurogenesis, among which was SOX2. Conditional knockout of Cxcr4 did not only disturb neuronal maturation, but also affected non-neuronal cell types, resulting in a decrease of basal lamina lining quiescent stem cells and an increase in sustentacular support cells. Together, these findings enhance our understanding how a common pool of stem cells can give rise to different cell types of the VNO, highlighting the distinct role of CXCR4 in this process.
All-mirror wavefront division interferometer for Fourier transform spectrometry across multiple spectral ranges
Authors: Zorin Ivan , Gattinger Paul , Ricchiuti Giovanna , Lendl Bernhard , Heise Bettina , Brandstetter Markus 
Published: December 2024

We report on the design of an all-mirror wavefront-division interferometer capable of spectroscopic studies across multiple spectral ranges—from the plasma frequencies of metals to terahertz wavelengths and beyond. The proposed method leverages the properties of laser sources with high spatial coherence. A theoretical framework for the interferometer scheme is presented, along with an analytical solution for determining the far-field interference pattern, which is validated through both optical propagation simulations and experimental results. The practical implementation of the spectrometer, using cost-effective off-the-shelf components (knife-edge prisms for separation and recombination), is demonstrated. The system features ultra-broad optical bandwidth, high throughput, simple architecture, dispersion-free operation, and variable arm split ratio. These unique attributes make our approach a prospective alternative to standard Fourier transform spectrometer schemes, specifically tailored to laser-based scenarios. Further, the employed design inherently enables the measurement of the sample’s dispersion. In the experimental section, we demonstrate the feasibility of spectroscopic measurements by coupling the system with a supercontinuum source with more than an octave-spanning range (1.5 µm - 4.4 µm). As a proof-of-concept, an experimental demonstration is provided for various applied spectroscopic studies: transmission measurements of polymers (polypropylene) and gas (methane), as well as reflectance measurements of dried pharmaceuticals (insulin products on a metal surface).
Non-fixation versus fixation of mesh in laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal repair of inguinal hernia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Zhang ChenXin , Li Jia , Suo HaiJin , Bai JianPing 
Published: December 2024

Purpose
The impact of non-fixation of mesh in transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) inguinal hernia repair has not been fully assessed. The aim of this meta-analysis was to comprehensively compare the clinical outcomes of non-fixation and fixation of mesh in TAPP to determine whether non-fixation could affect the outcomes.

Methods
PubMed, Embase and CENTRAL were searched for studies on TAPP repair of inguinal hernia and mesh fixation published up to June 2023. The literature search was completed on June 22, 2023. Randomized controlled trials that compared perioperative outcomes between mesh fixation and non-fixation without using self-gripping mesh were included. The primary outcome measures were recurrence and evaluation of postoperative pain, while secondary outcome measures included time to normal activity, infection rate and formation of seroma. Subgroup analyses and sensitivity analysis were also conducted.

Results
Six randomized controlled trials were included, involving 679 patients who underwent TAPP with non-fixation and 964 patients with fixation of mesh. There was no significant difference in recurrence between the two groups (RR: 0.83; 95% CI, 0.29–2.39, P = 0.73). The non-fixation group had less pain than the fixation group at 6 months postoperatively (MD: -0.16; 95% CI, -0.23–-0.10, P < 0.0001). Additionally, there was no significant difference in the time to return to normal activity or rates of infection or seroma formation between the two groups (MD: -4.95; 95% CI, -11.36–1.45, P = 0.13; RR: 1.18; 95% CI, 0.39–3.62, P = 0.77; RR: 0.94; 95% CI, 0.63–1.40, P = 0.75).

Conclusion
Based on the current evidence, non-fixation without using self-gripping mesh may not affect the efficacy of TAPP. It does not increase recurrence rate and may result in less postoperative pain in inguinal hernia with small hernia defect (less than 3cm).
Prediction of undernutrition and identification of its influencing predictors among under-five children in Bangladesh using explainable machine learning algorithms
Authors: Islam Md. Merajul , Kibria Nobab Md. Shoukot Jahan , Kumar Sujit , Roy Dulal Chandra , Karim Md. Rezaul 
Published: December 2024

Background and objectives
Child undernutrition is a leading global health concern, especially in low and middle-income developing countries, including Bangladesh. Thus, the objectives of this study are to develop an appropriate model for predicting the risk of undernutrition and identify its influencing predictors among under-five children in Bangladesh using explainable machine learning algorithms.

Materials and methods
This study used the latest nationally representative cross-sectional Bangladesh demographic health survey (BDHS), 2017–18 data. The Boruta technique was implemented to identify the important predictors of undernutrition, and logistic regression, artificial neural network, random forest, and extreme gradient boosting (XGB) were adopted to predict undernutrition (stunting, wasting, and underweight) risk. The models’ performance was evaluated through accuracy and area under the curve (AUC). Additionally, SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) were employed to illustrate the influencing predictors of undernutrition.

Results
The XGB-based model outperformed the other models, with the accuracy and AUC respectively 81.73% and 0.802 for stunting, 76.15% and 0.622 for wasting, and 79.13% and 0.712 for underweight. Moreover, the SHAP method demonstrated that the father’s education, wealth, mother’s education, BMI, birth interval, vitamin A, watching television, toilet facility, residence, and water source are the influential predictors of stunting. While, BMI, mother education, and BCG of wasting; and father education, wealth, mother education, BMI, birth interval, toilet facility, breastfeeding, birth order, and residence of underweight.

Conclusion
The proposed integrating framework will be supportive as a method for selecting important predictors and predicting children who are at high risk of stunting, wasting, and underweight in Bangladesh.
Dance and Ethics: Moving Towards a More Humane Dance Culture, Naomi M. Jackson (2022)
Authors: Muller Ebony 
Published: December 2024

Review of: Dance and Ethics: Moving Towards a More Humane Dance Culture, Naomi M. Jackson (2022)
Bristol: Intellect, 257 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-78938-613-4, p/bk, £24.95
The Elemental Body: A Movement Guide to Kinship with Ourselves and the Natural World, Elaine Colandrea and Rori Smith (2022)
Authors: Petts Louisa 
Published: December 2024

Review of: The Elemental Body: A Movement Guide to Kinship with Ourselves and the Natural World, Elaine Colandrea and Rori Smith (2022)
Rhinebeck, NY: Epigraph Publishing, 106 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-95474-474-5, p/bk, £28.00
Levels of Evidence Supporting Recommendations in Gastroenterology
Authors: Saito Miyabi , Yu Amy , Ufere Nneka N. , Chan Andrew , Kochar Bharati 
Published: December 2024

INTRODUCTION:
We aimed to analyze gastrointestinal guidelines to assess the quality of evidence and strength of recommendation.

METHODS:
We abstracted clinical practice guidelines and guidance statements from 4 American gastroenterology societies (American College of Gastroenterology, American Gastroenterological Association, American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, and American Association for the Study of Liver Disease) and the US Multi-Society Task Force.

RESULTS:
Of the 3,609 statements analyzed, only 13% were supported by high level of evidence. The number of statements published annually is increasing, but the level of evidence supporting recommendations is declining over time.

DISCUSSION:
This analysis highlights the need for high quality research in gastroenterology to support the development of stronger evidence-based guideline statements.
A process-based model to evaluate cooperation between a function-sharing city alliance: The example of the Harz planning region, Germany
Authors: Fuchs Marisa , Unger Polina , Seitz Maximiliane , Greiving Stefan 
Published: December 2024

Since 2005, there has been an increase in the sharing of functions between the central places of the federal states in Germany. Especially in light of the demographic and structural changes in rural regions, function-sharing city alliances are essential to secure the provision of services of general interest. As part of a central place system, function-sharing city alliances are subject to performance evaluation in some states, but the federal-state development plans do not define the type of evaluation, its function, form or criteria. There is currently no standardised evaluation approach. Using the example of three newly cooperating cities in the Harz planning region (Germany), this paper presents a holistic and tiered model for evaluating the shared provision of high-order services of general interest. The model considers the maturity of the cooperation by combining different forms of evaluation at different points in time. The scorecard technique enables the combination of various quantitative and qualitative criteria in one evaluation system. When developing the model, we applied the real-world lab approach as a research mode to ensure the evaluation model met scientific and practical requirements. The modular nature of the evaluation model enables a transfer to other function-sharing city alliances and can therefore form the basis of a standardised evaluation approach.
The Case for a Revision of BIEN’s Definition of Basic Income
Authors: Miller Anne Glenda 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
BIEN’s definitive statement of a Basic Income (BI) and the commentaries on its five characteristics are examined in turn, to identify potential clarifications, revisions and omissions. The following amendments are proposed as a basis for further discussion: to shift the position of ‘unconditionally’ in the definitive statement so that it refers to the cash payment rather than to its delivery; some clarifications to characteristics 3 ‘individual’ and 4 ‘universal’; to introduce ‘uniform’, without which BIs could be used to endorse flagrant discrimination against, or even zero amounts for, less favoured groups; to restore the comprehensive nature of ‘unconditionality’ (which is now characteristic 6), by substituting ‘behavioural requirement’ in place of ‘work requirement’; to give the characteristic ‘without means test’ its own commentary (no. 7). The introduction of ‘uniform’ and ‘behavioural’ into the definitive statement should help to prevent BIEN’s definition from being regarded as male orientated.
What is the authentic internet register before & after the Russian invasion in Ukraine? Polish and Czech YouTube comments from 2021–2023
Authors: Tikhonov Aleksej 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Over one million tokens of comments were collected for the study using data mining methods. The videos under which the comments were dug out were not chosen arbitrarily but according to the current official national YouTube trends in Poland and the Czechia. The comments were collected under the most popular videos in ten categories: cars, comedy, fashion & lifestyle, gaming, music, non-political interview, politics, report, sports, and video blog. The data collection was carried in 2021–2022 and 2023 from under 40 videos per language and period, 160 videos in total. The corpus data should reveal more about the internet register through the part of speech (POS) frequencies, and the syntactical statistics. In addition, the comments are stylistically clustered in R to make dependencies in linguistic usage visible and better understandable. The study aims to expand the term register, using Polish and Czech, to include language on the internet and distinguish between authentic and non-authentic internet registers in comparison to other registers. An additional sociolinguistic aspect of the analysis is the influence of the Russian war against Ukraine on the linguistic behavior of YouTube users.
On indices of quintic number fields defined by x
5 + ax + b
Authors: Fadil Lhoussain El 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The goal of this paper is to calculate explicitly the field index of any quintic number field K generated by a complex root α of a monic irreducible trinomial F(x) = x
5 + ax + b ∈ ℤ[x]. In such a way we provide a complete answer to the Problem 22 of Narkiewicz [36] for this class of number fields. Namely, for every prime integer p, we evaluate the highest power of p dividing i(K). In particular, we give sufficient conditions on a and b, which guarantee the non-monogenity of K.
Note on fundamental system of solutions to the differential equations (D
2 − 2Dα + α
2 ± β
2) y = 0
Authors: Fecenko Jozef , Chalmovianská Jana 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The article deals with the study of the existence of a fundamental system of solutions to the differential equations: (D
2 − 2Dα + α
2 + β
2)y = 0, (D
2 − 2Dα + α
2 − β
2)y = 0, which are created using higher derivatives of the appropriate functions which are solutions to these equations. Special attention is paid to the solution of the generalized Cauchy problem with initial conditions.
Approximation by matrix means of double Vilenkin-Fourier series
Authors: Blahota István , Nagy Károly 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In the present paper, we discuss the rate of the approximation by the matrix transform of partial sums of double Vilenkin-Fourier series in Lp
(

G

m

2

$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
G_{m}^{2}
\end{array}$

) space (1 ≤ p < ∞) and in C(

G

m

2

$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
G_{m}^{2}
\end{array}$

). We give an application for Lipschitz functions.
Crystal structure of 4-chloro-1-isobutyl-1H-imidazo, C14H14ClN3
Authors: Meng Fanchao , Wang Litong , Han Quanxiang , Wang Jinfang , Zheng Xiaoxin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
C14H14ClN3, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 16.8486(5) Å, b = 8.1171(2) Å, c = 19.9901(7) Å, β = 113.906(4)°, V = 1499.35(15) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0466, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1206, T = 293(2) K.
Recent advances in continuous nanomanufacturing: focus on machine learning-driven process control
Authors: Venkatesan Shashank , Cullinan Michael A. , Baldea Michael 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
High-throughput and cost-efficient fabrication of intricate nanopatterns using top-down approaches remains a significant challenge. To overcome this limitation, advancements are required across various domains: patterning techniques, real-time and post-process metrology, data analysis, and, crucially, process control. We review recent progress in continuous, top-down nanomanufacturing, with a particular focus on data-driven process control strategies. We explore existing Machine Learning (ML)-based approaches for implementing key aspects of continuous process control, encompassing high-speed metrology balancing speed and resolution, modeling relationships between process parameters and yield, multimodal data fusion for comprehensive process monitoring, and control law development for real-time process adjustments. To assess the applicability of established control strategies in continuous settings, we compare roll-to-roll (R2R) manufacturing, a paradigmatic continuous multistage process, with the well-established batch-based semiconductor manufacturing. Finally, we outline promising future research directions for achieving high-quality, cost-effective, top-down nanomanufacturing and particularly R2R nanomanufacturing at scale.
Exploring the Frontier of Inhalation Therapy: A Review of Dry Powder Inhalers for Precision Management of Inflammatory Lung Diseases
Authors: Tamboli Amir R. , Yadav Vishal D. , Nadaf Sameer J. , Nivekar Vaishnavi V. , Salve Ketaki S. , Tamboli Ennus T. , Nalawade Akshay M. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Chronic respiratory diseases impose a substantial health burden globally with increasing prevalence and mortality rates, especially in affluent nations. Recent studies underscore the escalating contribution to premature morbidity and mortality, highlighting the critical need for effective interventions. Inflammatory lung diseases, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), have significant roles in this burden that are characterized by heightened inflammation affecting the airways or lung parenchyma, leading to obstructive or restrictive lung diseases. These conditions often exhibit acute and chronic components, which complicate disease classification and management. Current treatments for lung illnesses predominantly rely on systemic drug delivery, which may result in poor efficacy and adverse effects on other organs. Inhalation lung delivery presents a promising alternative, offering advantages, such as targeted drug deposition, reduced systemic side effects, and rapid onset of action. Despite these benefits, inhalation drug delivery systems are still in the developmental stage, particularly for targeted local delivery. Dry powder inhalers (DPIs) have emerged as a popular choice due to ease of use, high-dose delivery capability, and breath-activated mechanisms. This review delves into the intriguing world of pulmonary drug delivery, with a spotlight on DPIs. From the fascinating design principles to the potential for precision medicine, DPIs offer a glimpse into the future of respiratory care. By unravelling the mysteries of DPI formulation and performance assessment, this review aimed to propel the field forward, ushering in a new era of personalized and efficacious inhalation therapies for inflammatory lung diseases and beyond. Furthermore, this article delved into the identification of prevalent technologies within the DPI domain while also probing the prospective avenues of emerging development. Such insights aim to assist researchers in making informed decisions regarding relevant research and development pursuits.