bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A cross sectional study to find out the prevalence of type D personality and its associated factors among undergraduate students of a dental college in western Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Kumar Deepak , Kaur Gurpreet , Bansal Rahul , Tuteja Chetna , Kumar Ankur , Farswal Anuj 
Published: July 2019

Background: An individual personality is reflected in their thoughts, emotion and behavior. Type D personality is defined as joint tendency towards negative emotions and social inhibition. Type D personality is associated with anxiety, depression and psychological stress. The present study is conducted to assess the incidence of Type D personality in the under graduate dental students as they are prone to excessive stress in their education. To study the prevalence Type D personality in first year dental students and to study the various variables associated with type D personality.Methods: The personality of students was analyzed by using DS 14 questionnaire. Likert scale was used to calculate the personality score. The students scoring high on either or both subscales taking cut off value as 10 was considered as type D.Results: 15% students had only social inhibition and 7% students had only negative affectivity. 5% students had both social inhibition and negative affectivity. Overall, the prevalence type D personality was found to be 27% among the students of dental college. The type D personality students were significantly associated with habits like alcoholism.Conclusions: The early identification of Type D personality can be helpful both for physical and mental wellbeing and we can minimize its impact on health by adopting healthier life style, yoga and meditation, mentorship in early college days, emotional support etc.
Prevalence of diarrhoea and child care practices among under-five children in tea gardens of Jorhat district, Assam
Authors: Asif Mohd , Das Bishnu Ram , Baruah Anuja 
Published: July 2019

Background: Globally diarrhoea remains the second leading cause of mortality among children of below five years age. Objective was to find out the prevalence of diarrhoea and child care practices associated with diarrhoea in under five children of tea garden workers of Jorhat district, Assam.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted among the under five children of selected tea gardens of Jorhat district of Assam, India from July 2017 to June 2018.Results: Prevalence of diarrhoea among the study participants in last 2 weeks was found to be 26.4%. Out of 315 study participants, 24.1% belonged to the age group of 12-24 months, 55.2% were males. Exclusive breast feeding was recorded in 95.9% of the children. Prevalence of diarrhoea was less among exclusively breast fed children 25.5% as compared to not exclusively breastfed 46.1%. Health advice during diarrhea was sought by 97.8% of the respondents. Available records showed almost all of the children 99.3% got vaccinated with measles vaccine and contrary to this majority 64.4% study participants had not received Rota virus vaccination.Conclusions: Diarrhoea is still a significant public health problem among fewer than five children of tea garden workers with low Rota virus vaccine coverage. Our study findings recommends for the awareness building among the tea garden dwellers in regard to hand hygiene, timely initiation of complementary feeding, importance of vaccinating children with Rota virus vaccine as a part of containment programme.
A community based cross sectional study on morbidities and social problems among geriatric population
Authors: Jairaj Sangeetha , Palabindela Ramesh , D. Sridhar 
Published: July 2019

Background: In India, in the last one and half decades longevity of the people has increased due to decline in mortality rate, better medical and health care facilities and improvements in overall quality of life of people. Presently India has the second largest geriatric population in the globe. In 2001, geriatric population was 77 million in India and it is estimated that in India total number of elderly will rise to 150 million by 2025 and by the year 2050 the number would rise to about 324 million.4 Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted in an urban slum located in Secunderabad. Almost 225 subjects more than 60 years were included in study after giving oral consent. People with severe morbidity and unable to give consent were excluded from study.Results: Majority (70%) of the resident experienced verbal abuse followed by physical abuse (13%) at least one time. About 11% felt they were being neglected by their family members. Daughter-in-law was the major person involved in the elder abuse accounting for 45.9%, followed by son 24.3%. Abuse from relatives accounted for 21.6%. Spouse and daughter were involved in elder abuse in about 5.4% and 2.7% cases respectively.Conclusions: As recently said by Financial Minister in Parliament of India, old age population growing drastically in India, especially in south India. Increasing geriatric population leading to increase in need of health care and psychological assistance.
Prevalence of anaemia and its associated factors among adolescent girls: a community based study
Authors: Gayakwad Vasundara S. , Shankar Gowri 
Published: July 2019

Background: Anemia is a major nutritional problem in adolescent girls in many developing countries. Anaemia prior to pregnancy is likely to affect fetal health and survival and therefore it is necessary to evaluate the nutritional needs in this vulnerable group. To know the prevalence of anaemia and its associated factors among adolescent girls residing in the urban field practice area of S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot.Methods: A community based cross sectional study. A field practice areas of the urban health training centers, Department of Community Medicine, S. Nijalingappa Medical College in Bagalkot. 400 unmarried adolescent girls were participants. Systematic random sampling. Data was tabulated in Microsoft Excel 2010 and analyzed by using Open Epi software. Data was collected through predesigned, semi-structured questionnaire through house to house visits. Haemoglobin estimation was done by Sahli’s method and anaemia was classified based on WHO criteria.Results: The prevalence of anaemia was 63.3%. Factors associated with anemia were age, mother’s literacy, SES, type of family, environmental sanitation and tea consumption.Conclusions: Prevalence of anaemia is high and is a major public health problem in this area. Health education and periodical haemoglobin estimation followed by supplementation of iron would help in reduction and prevention of anaemia.
Assessment of immunization coverage and associated factors among children in Paravur Taluk of Ernakulam district, Kerala
Authors: Kizhatil Anuradha , . Reshma , Hariharan Harsha Chollankil , John Alexander , Thomas Ann Mary , Padmanabhan Gopalakrishnan 
Published: July 2019

Background: Immunization is one of the most cost-effective interventions averting countless childhood deaths and protecting millions of children from disability and illness. The objective of the current study was to assess the immunization coverage and associated factors among children aged 12-23 months and 5-7 years in Paravur Taluk of Ernakulam district, Kerala.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was done. Cluster sampling method of WHO was used for evaluation of immunization coverage.300 children in the age group of 12–23 months and 300 children in the age group 5-7 years were selected from each of the 30 clusters. Crude coverage details for each vaccine were estimated using percentages. Bivariate analysis was conducted to identify independent predictors of immunization coverage.Results: Among the children 12-23 months old, eleven (3.7%) children were partially immunized, while everybody had received at least one vaccine. The proportion of children fully immunized was 96.3%. Among the children 5-7 years old 55 (18.3%) were partially immunized. Belonging to Muslim religion, fathers’ occupation i.e. who were labourers/unskilled workers, mother’s education less than 12th standard and not possessing the mother and child protection card were found to be factors associated with partial immunization.Conclusions: This study shows that full immunization has not reached all children.
Demographic and clinical profile of chronic rhinosinusitis patients in a rural based tertiary hospital
Authors: Garg Deepika , Kamble Ajay , Puttewar Manish 
Published: July 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is one of the most common health problems which incurs significant medical costs and has severe impact on lower airway diseases and general health of the patient. The aim of this study was to describe the demographic and clinical profile of chronic rhinosinusitis patients.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> In this study 94 patients were included. After taking a brief history, their clinical symptoms were assessed using SNSG test (sino nasal symptom grading test). The findings were further confirmed by diagnostic nasal endoscopy. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> We found that maximum number of patients were in the age group of 18-27 years with a slight male preponderance. Also rural population had more cases of CRS with nasal discharge being the commonest complaint at the time of presentation. After diagnostic nasal endoscopy (DNE) it was found that ethmoidal polyps are more common in CRS patients however more number of CRS patients presented without polyps.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> We conclude that chronic rhinosinusitis manifests more in male and rural population with nasal discharge and ethomoidal polyps being the most common presentation. The subjective assessment of clinical symptoms could be done by SNSG test; however it further requires detailed studies.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>
Clinical, magnetic resonance imaging and arthroscopic findings in diagnosis of meniscal tears: a prospective study
Authors: Tegginamath Akshay , Patil Channabasava 
Published: July 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> In developing countries like India the need for cost conscious medical practice has a major role in the economy of the country. The extensive use of costly investigative modalities puts huge burden on the patient needing proper medical care. This study is undertaken to assess the role of different diagnostic tools like clinical diagnosis, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and arthroscopy in diagnosis of meniscal tears.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective study was conducted among 90 individuals with knee injuries due to various causes attending orthopaedic department of The Oxford Medical College and research centre, Bangalore from October 2018 to May 2019. All patients aged 18 to 60 years with history of knee injury who underwent clinical examination, radiographic examination, MRI and arthroscopy. The data was entered in MS Excel and analysed using SPSS.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The study consisted of patients aged between 18-60 years (mean age 32.5 years). Out of which 59 were male and 31 were female. There were 54 patients with suspect diagnosis of medial meniscal tear and 36 with lateral meniscal tear. The difference in diagnostic values between the clinical andMRI findings in diagnosing the medial and lateral meniscal injuries were minimal.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Ligament injuries of knee are more common with sports injuries and high velocity trauma. A well-trained surgeon can be more reliable than MRI in diagnosing the ligament injuries. Since MRI is expensive, it can be skipped and used only in more doubtful and complex knee injuries.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>
In vivo PET Imaging of [11C]CIMBI-5, a 5-HT2AR Agonist Radiotracer in Nonhuman Primates
Authors: Prabhakaran Jaya , DeLorenzo Christine , Zanderigo Francesca , Knudsen Gitte M , Gilling Nic , Pratap Mali , Jorgensen Matthew J , Daunais James , Kaplan Jay R , Parsey Ramin V , Mann J John , Kumar Dileep 
Published: July 2019

Purpose: 5-HT2AR exists in high and low affinity states. Agonist PET tracers measure binding to the active high affinity site and thus provide a functionally relevant measure of the receptor. Limited in vivo data have been reported so far for a comparison of agonist versus antagonist tracers for 5-HT2AR used as a proof of principle for measurement of high and low affinity states of this receptor. We compared the in vivo binding of [11C]CIMBI-5, a 5-HT2AR agonist, and of the antagonist [11C]M100907, in monkeys and baboons. Methods: [11C]CIMBI-5 and [11C]M100907 baseline PET scans were performed in anesthetized male baboons (n=2) and male vervet monkeys (n=2) with an ECAT EXACT HR+ and GE 64-slice PET/CT Discovery VCT scanners. Blocking studies were performed in vervet monkeys by pretreatment with MDL100907 (0.5 mg/kg, i.v.) 60 minutes prior to the scan. Regional distribution volumes and binding potentials were calculated for each ROI using the likelihood estimation in graphical analysis and Logan plot, with either plasma input function or reference region as input, and simplified reference tissue model approaches. Results: PET imaging of [11C]CIMBI-5 in baboons and monkeys showed the highest binding in 5-HT2AR-rich cortical regions, while the lowest binding was observed in cerebellum, consistent with the expected distribution of 5-HT2AR. Very low free fractions and rapid metabolism were observed for [11C]CIMBI-5 in baboon plasma. Binding potential values for [11C]CIMBI-5 were 25-33% lower than those for [11C]MDL100907 in the considered brain regions. Conclusion: The lower binding potential of [11C]CIMBI-5 in comparison to [11C]MDL100907 is likely due to the preferential binding of the former to the high affinity site in vivo in contrast to the antagonist, [11C]MDL100907, which binds to both high and low affinity sites.
Effects of Three Anti-Seizure Drugs on Cholinergic and Metabolic Activity in Experimental Status Epilepticus
Authors: Imran Imran , Koch Konrad , Schöfer Henrik , Lau Helene , Klein Jochen 
Published: July 2019

Purpose. Status epilepticus (SE) is characterized by recurrent seizure activity and can be drug-resistant. Knowledge of neuronal and metabolic activity of the brain during SE may be helpful to improve medical care. We here report the effects of three anti-seizure drugs on changes of acetylcholine energy metabolites and oxidative stress during SE. Methods. We used the lithium-pilocarpine model in rats to induce SE and in vivo-microdialysis to monitor cholinergic and metabolic activity in the hippocampus. We measured extracellular concentrations of acetylcholine, glucose, lactate, pyruvate, glycerol and isoprostanes before and during SE, and after acute treatment with pregabalin, valproic acid, and levetiracteam. Results. Upon onset of SE, acetylcholine (ACh) release increased six- to eightfold. Glucose was increased only transiently by 30% but lactate levels rose four-fold, and extracellular concentrations of glycerol ten-fold. Isoprostanes are markers of oxidative stress and increased more than 20-fold. Two hours after pilocarpine adminstration, rats were treated with pregabalin (100 mg/kg), levetiracetam (200 mg/kg) or valproic acid (400 mg/kg) by i.p. injection. All three drugs stopped seizure activity in a delayed fashion, but at the doses indicated, only animals that received levetiracetam reached consciousness. All drugs reduced ACh release within 60-120 minutes. Lactate/pyruvate ratios, glycerol and isoprostanne levels were also reduced significantly after drug administration. Conclusions. Hippocampal ACh release closely follows seizure activity in SE and is attenuated when SE subsides. Pregabalin, valproic acid and levetiracetam all terminate seizures in the rat SE model and attenuate cholinergic and metabolic changes within two hours.
Effects of Laminate Arrangement on the Failure Behaviour of Hybrid Composite Plates under Transverse Sinusoidal Load
Authors: Ab Ghani Ahmad Fuad , Samsudin Azizul Hakim , Mohd Sharom Shaheera Diana , Lu Yongtao , Mahmud Jamaluddin 
Published: July 2019

The present work deals with the effects of laminate arrangement on the failure behaviour of hybrid composite plates under transverse sinusoidal load. Failure analysis has been a subject under study for many years, especially for composite materials. This is largely due to the spontaneous nature of composite materials when it fails without warning. Hybrid composite are commonly utilized to improve the unexpected and instantaneous failure mode of composites. Nevertheless, the failure behaviour of hybrid composites is still not well understood. Moreover, studies have not exploited the effects on sinusoidal transverse loading on hybrid composites. Therefore, the first and last ply failure of the hybrid composite laminate was simulated and analysed using built in failure criteria function in ANSYS. The hybrid composite consisted of graphite (GR) and glass (GL), with lamination schemes of [GL/GL/GL/GL], [GL/GL/GL/GR] and [GR/GL/GL/GL] were subjected of transverse sinusoidal loading. The laminate failure was predicted using the Maximum Stress Theory. Prior to determining the first and last ply failure of the hybrid composite plate, numerical validation was conducted to ensure the accuracy of the finite element software. The failure curves of the first ply failure and last ply failure were plotted and the results showed significant difference in the correlation of loadings that caused first and last ply failures and the lamination scheme of the hybrid composite plates. Thus, it can be said that the present work proves to be of importance and valuable in the field of study as well as enriching the knowledge regarding the failure behaviour of hybrid composite plate under transverse sinusoidal load of different laminate arrangement.
Convolutional-NN and Word Embedding for Making an Effective Product Recommendation Based on Enhanced Contextual Understanding of a Product Review
Authors: Hanafi - , Suryana Nanna , Hasan Basari Abd Samad Bin 
Published: July 2019

E-commerce is one of the most popular service applications in the world in the last decade. It has become a revolutionary model from traditional shopping transaction to entire internet commerce. E-commerce needs essential artificial intelligence (AI) to provide the customer with information about a product, called a recommendation machine. Collaborative filtering is a model of a recommendation algorithm that relies on rating as the fundamental calculation to make a recommendation. It has been successfully implemented in e-commerce. Even so, this model has a weakness in sparse product data in which the rating number is very low or sparse. Mostly, only less than 3% of the total user population rate a product, leading to the rise of sparse data. A text sentence document is a part of customers’ feedback that can be converted into a product rating. According to a traditional approach, bag of word and lexicon model are ignored in a contextual approach. This experiment, it developed a new model to increase the contextuality of text sentences, leading to a more effective rating prediction. We employed a kind of convolutional neural network to generate item latent factor vectors that could be incorporated with probabilistic matrix factorization to make rating prediction. Our method outperformed several previous works based on a metric evaluation using the Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE). In this experiment, we analyzed MovieLens and IMDB datasets, which contained a movie product review.
ISUOG - the propagation of knowledge in ultrasound for the improvement of OB/GYN care worldwide: experience of basic ultrasound training in Oman
Authors: Vrachnis Nikolaos , Papageorghiou Aris T. , Bilardo Caterina M. , Abuhamad Alfred , Tabor Ann , Cohen-Overbeek Titia E. , Xilakis Eleni , Mates Flora , Johnson Sarah , Hyett Jon 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this study is to evaluate and validate the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology (ISUOG)standardized Basic Training curriculum; and the effectiveness of an Outreach teaching and training program delivered in Muscat, Oman.

Methods
Quantitative assessment to evaluate knowledge and practical skills was administered before and after an ultrasound course for sonologists attending the ISUOG Outreach course, which took place in November, 2017, in Oman. Trainees were selected from each region of the country following a national vetting process conducted by the Oman Ministry of Health. Twenty-eight of the participants were included in the analysis. Pre- and post-training practical and theoretical scores were evaluated and compared.

Results
Participants achieved statistically significant improvements, by 47% (p<0.001), in both theoretical knowledge and practical skills. Specifically, the mean score in the theoretical knowledge test significantly increased from 55.6% (± 14.0%) to 81.6% (± 8.2%), while in the practical test, the mean score increased from 44.6% (± 19.5%) to 65.7% (± 23.0%) (p<0.001). Performance was improved post-course among 27/28 participants (96.4%) in the theoretical test (range: 14% to 200%) and among 24/28 (85.7%) trainees in the practical skills test (range: 5% to 217%).

Conclusion
Application of the ISUOG Basic Training curriculum and Outreach teaching and training course improved the theoretical knowledge and practical skills of local health personnel. These results confirm that the course successfully achieved ISUOG’s goal of disseminating knowledge in ultrasound among obstetricians-gynecologists.
­Visceral leishmaniasis and control measures in an endemic urban area: space-temporal bayesian analysis
Authors: Bermudi Patricia Marques Moralejo , Costa Danielle Nunes Carneiro Castro , Nunes Caris Maroni , Tolezano Jose Eduardo , Hiramoto Roberto Mitsuyoshi , Rodas Lilian Aparecida Colebrusco , Cipriano Rafael Silva , Blangiardo Marta , Chiaravalloti-Neto Francisco 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background Visceral leishmaniasis is an important but neglected disease that is spreading and is highly lethal when left untreated. This study sought to measure the Leishmania infantum seroprevalence in dogs, the coverage of its control activities (identification of the canine reservoir by serological survey, dog culling and insecticide spraying) and to evaluate its relationship with the occurrence of the disease in humans in the municipalities of Araçatuba and Birigui, state of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods Information from 2006 to 2015 was georeferenced for each municipality and modeling were performed for the two municipalities together. To do this, latent Gaussian Bayesian models with the incorporation of a space-time structure and Poisson distribution were used. The Besag-York-Mollie models were applied for random spatial effects, as also were autoregressive models of order 1 for random temporal effects. The modeling was performed using the INLA (Integrated Nested Laplace Approximations) deterministic approach, considering both the numbers of cases as well as the coverage paired year by year and lagged at one and two years. Results Control activity coverage was observed to be generally low. The behavior of the temporal tendency in the human disease presented distinct patterns in the two municipalities, however, in both the tendency was to decline. The canine serological survey presented as a protective factor only in the two-year lag model. Conclusions The canine serological survey coverage, even at low intensity, carried out jointly with the culling of the positive dogs, was associated with a decrease in the occurrence of the disease in humans, the effects of which would be seen two years after it was carried out.