bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
North–South Asymmetry of the Rotation of the Solar Magnetic Field
Authors: Xie Jinglan , Shi Xiangjun , Qu Zhining 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Using the rotation rates of the solar magnetic field during solar cycles 21 to 23 obtained by Chu et al. by analyzing the synoptic magnetic maps produced by the NSO/Kitt Peak and SOHO/MDI during the years 1975 to 2008, the temporal variation of the equatorial rotation rate (A) and the latitude gradient of rotation (B) in the northern and southern hemispheres are studied separately. The results indicate that the rotation is more differential (about 4.3%) in the southern hemisphere in the considered time frame. It is found that the north–south asymmetry of A and the asymmetry of B show increasing trends in the considered time frame, while the north–south asymmetry of the solar activity shows a decreasing trend. There exists a significant negative correlation (at 95% confidence level) between the asymmetry of B and the asymmetry of the solar activity, and this may be due to stronger magnetic activity in a certain hemisphere that may suppress the differential rotation to some extent. The periodicities in the variation of A and B are also studied, and periods of about 5.0 and 10.5 yr (5.5 and 10.4 yr) can be found for the variation of the northern (southern) hemisphere B. Moreover, the north–south asymmetry of A and the asymmetry of B have similar periods of about 2.6–2.7 and 5.2–5.3 yr. Further, cross-correlation analysis indicates that there exists a phase difference (about eight months) between the northern and southern hemisphere B, and this means that the northern hemisphere B generally leads by about eight months.
Clinical Outcomes of SMILE With a Triple Centration Technique and Corneal Wavefront-Guided Transepithelial PRK in High Astigmatism
Authors: Jun Ikhyun , Kang David Sung Yong , Reinstein Dan Z. , Arba-Mosquera Samuel , Archer Timothy J. , Seo Kyoung Yul , Kim Tae-im 
Published: March 2018

PURPOSE:
To comparatively investigate the clinical outcomes, vector parameters, and corneal aberrations of small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) with a triple centration technique and corneal wavefront-guided transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for the correction of high astigmatism.

METHODS:
This retrospective, comparative case series study included 89 eyes (89 patients) that received treatment for myopia with high astigmatism (≥ 2.50 diopters) using SMILE with a triple centration technique (SMILE group; 45 eyes) and corneal wavefront-guided transepithelial PRK (transepithelial PRK group; 44 eyes). Visual acuity measurement, manifest refraction, slit-lamp examination, autokeratometry, corneal topography, and evaluation of corneal wavefront aberration were performed preoperatively and at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery. The safety, efficacy, vector parameters, and corneal aberrations at 6 months after surgery were compared between the two groups.

RESULTS:
At 6 months after surgery, the transepithelial PRK and SMILE groups exhibited comparable mean uncorrected distance visual acuities (−0.06 ± 0.07 and −0.05 ± 0.07 logMAR, respectively), safety, efficacy, and predictability of refractive and visual outcomes. There was a slight but statistically significant difference in the correction index between the transepithelial PRK and SMILE groups (0.96 ± 0.11 and 0.91 ± 0.10, respectively). Whereas the transepithelial PRK group exhibited increased corneal spherical aberration and significantly reduced corneal coma and trefoil, no changes in aberrometric values were noted in the SMILE group.

CONCLUSIONS:
Both SMILE with a triple centration technique and corneal wavefront-guided transepithelial PRK are effective and provide predictable outcomes for the correction of high myopic astigmatism, although slight undercorrection was observed in the SMILE group. The triple centration technique was helpful in astigmatism correction by SMILE.

[
J Refract Surg.
2018;34(3):156–163.]
Effect of Conus Eccentricity on Visual Outcomes After Intracorneal Ring Segments Implantation in Keratoconus
Authors: Gatzioufas Zisis , Panos Georgios D. , Elalfy Mohamed , Khine Aye , Hamada Samer , Lake Damian , Kozeis Nikos , Balidis Miltos 
Published: March 2018

PURPOSE:
To investigate the potential impact of cone eccentricity on visual outcomes after Keraring (Mediphacos, Belo Horizonte, Brazil) implantation for keratoconus.

METHODS:
Nineteen eyes from 19 patients with keratoconus who underwent femtosecond laser–assisted Keraring implantation for keratoconus were included in this retrospective study. Uncorrected visual acuity (UDVA), corrected visual acuity (CDVA), keratometric readings, central corneal thickness, maximum keratometric distance from corneal apex (DKmax), corneal thinnest point from corneal apex (DTh), and coma were evaluated preoperatively and 6 months after the Keraring implantation. DKmax and DTh were used as metrics reflecting the eccentricity of the cone.

RESULTS:
UDVA, CDVA, keratometric readings, and coma improved at 6 months postoperatively. However, there was no correlation between DKmax or DTh and visual outcomes at 6 months postoperatively.

CONCLUSIONS:
The data did not show any impact of the cone eccentricity on visual outcomes after Keraring implantation for keratoconus at 6 months postoperatively.

[
J Refract Surg.
2018;34(3):196–200.]
Thrips (Thysanoptera) attracted to carrion-baited traps in the tropical highlands of Chiapas, Mexico
Authors: Infante Francisco , Mañas-Jordá Saray , Mound Laurence A. , León-Cortés Jorge L. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractOver 1000 species of arthropods have been recorded from cadavers worldwide. While conducting a study on the diversity and abundance of insects associated with pig (Sus scrofa Linnaeus; Mammalia: Suidae) carrion in the highlands of Chiapas, Mexico, we noticed the presence of thrips (Thysanoptera) in the collecting containers of traps. The thrips collected comprised the following species: Aeolothrips species (Aeolothripidae), Frankliniella brunnea Priesner (Thripidae), Frankliniella fusca (Hinds), Frankliniella trinidadensis Hood, Neohydatothrips portoricensis (Morgan) (Thripidae), Thrips simplex (Morison) (Thripidae), Wegenerithrips admirabilis Johansen (Thripidae), and Stephanothrips bradleyi Hood (Phlaeothripidae). These species were taken in Schoenly traps, a device designed to catch sarcosaprophagous insects. The thrips species reported in the present study have not previously been recovered from decomposing cadavers, and their occurrence suggests an attraction to one or more components of the trap, rather than an incidental presence. Albeit thrips are not considered forensically important, more studies are needed to elucidate their role in carrion ecology.
A Restricted Role for FcγR in the Regulation of Adaptive Immunity
Authors: Fransen Marieke F. , Benonisson Hreinn , van Maren Wendy W. , Sow Heng Sheng , Breukel Cor , Linssen Margot M. , Claassens Jill W. C. , Brouwers Conny , van der Kaa Jos , Camps Marcel , Kleinovink Jan Willem , Vonk Kelly K. , van Heiningen Sandra , Klar Ngaisah , van Beek Lianne , van Harmelen Vanessa , Daxinger Lucia , Nandakumar Kutty S. , Holmdahl Rikard , Coward Chris , Lin Qingshun , Hirose Sachiko , Salvatori Daniela , van Hall Thorbald , van Kooten Cees , Mastroeni Piero , Ossendorp Ferry , Verbeek J. Sjef 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
By their interaction with IgG immune complexes, FcγR and complement link innate and adaptive immunity, showing functional redundancy. In complement-deficient mice, IgG downstream effector functions are often impaired, as well as adaptive immunity. Based on a variety of model systems using FcγR-knockout mice, it has been concluded that FcγRs are also key regulators of innate and adaptive immunity; however, several of the model systems underpinning these conclusions suffer from flawed experimental design. To address this issue, we generated a novel mouse model deficient for all FcγRs (FcγRI/II/III/IV−/− mice). These mice displayed normal development and lymphoid and myeloid ontogeny. Although IgG effector pathways were impaired, adaptive immune responses to a variety of challenges, including bacterial infection and IgG immune complexes, were not. Like FcγRIIb-deficient mice, FcγRI/II/III/IV−/− mice developed higher Ab titers but no autoantibodies. These observations indicate a redundant role for activating FcγRs in the modulation of the adaptive immune response in vivo. We conclude that FcγRs are downstream IgG effector molecules with a restricted role in the ontogeny and maintenance of the immune system, as well as the regulation of adaptive immunity.
Radiation Reduction in Low Dose Pulsed Fluoroscopy versus Standard Dose Continuous Fluoroscopy during Fluoroscopically-Guided Lumbar Punctures: A Prospective Controlled Study
Authors: Sabat Shyam , Slonimsky Einat 
Published: March 2018

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate radiation dose reduction in fluoroscopically guided lumbar punctures (FGLP) using “pulsed fluoroscopy in a low dose mode” compared with the commonly used “continuous fluoroscopy in a standard dose mode” while maintaining the technical success.

Materials and Methods:
Thirty-five consecutive patients who underwent FGLP divided randomly to seventeen patients in the control group with standard dose continuous FGLP and eighteen patients in the study group with low-dose low-frame-rate of 3 frames per second (fps) FGLP. Entrance surface dose measurements from a dosimeter device were recorded as well as the dose area product (DAP).

Results:
A total of 35 patients with average age of 52 years (range: 15–87 [±17 standard deviation [SD]]) were evaluated. Average entrance surface dose of the study group was significantly lower (3.81 mGy [range: 0.21–11.14, [±2.8 SD]]) compared with the control group (22.45 mGy [range: 1.23–73.44, [±19.41 [SD]]). The average DAP of the study group (10 mGy·cm2 [range: 1–41, [±9.8 SD]]) was also significantly lower than the control group (65 mGy·cm2 [range: 5–199, [±53 SD]]). Success rate was similar between the study and control groups.

Conclusion:
Low dose pulsed fluoroscopy of 3 fps significantly reduces radiation exposure by about 600% compared with standard dose continuous fluoroscopy in FGLP. Utilizing this radiation saving strategy will allow to dramatically reduce radiation exposure, without impacting the technical success rate.
Clinical Outcomes Study of Echocardiography Imaging to Define Relationship between Significant Pulmonary Hypertension and Right Ventricular Dysfunction: Indian Scenario
Authors: Vora Keyur , Christopher Johann 
Published: March 2018

Objective:
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is one of the fundamental echocardiography parameters of prognostic importance in heart failure (HF) diseases. Recently, right ventricular (RV) function is being increasingly recognized as critical parameter in terms of mortality outcomes both in acute and chronic HF. We sought to determine the prognostic significance of PH and RV function in patients of acute and chronic HF from retrospective institutional data.

Methodology:
We studied 306 patients with HF presentation including acute decompensated HF. Pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) and RV function were determined with the use of Doppler echocardiography, with PH as PASP >50 mmHg and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) <1.6 cm along with global RV fractional area change. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality during 3-year follow-up.

Results:
PH was present in 134 patients (43.8%) and RV dysfunction in 129 patients (42.2%). The majority of patients with RV dysfunction had PH (58.1%). Patients with normal RV function and PH had an intermediate risk. However, patients with RV dysfunction without PH were not at increased risk for 3-year mortality.

Conclusion:
Critical echocardiography parameters in the evaluation of HF include PASP for pressure and volume overload status as well as RV function. The incremental prognosis is also determined by PH and RV function. The compounding effect of PH & RV dysfunction is detrimental in terms of high morbidity rates and mortality outcomes.
The Cartan–Hadamard Theorem for metric spaces with local geodesic bicombings
Authors: Miesch Benjamin 
Published: March 2018

We prove the Cartan–Hadamard Theorem for spaces which are not necessarily uniquely geodesic but locally possess a suitable selection of geodesics, a so-called convex geodesic bicombing.
Furthermore, we deduce a local-to-global theorem for injective (or hyperconvex) metric spaces, saying that under certain conditions a complete, simply-connected, locally injective metric space is injective. A related result for absolute 1-Lipschitz retracts follows.
PHARMACISTS IN DISPENSING DRUGS (PharmDisp): construction and validation of a questionnaire to assess the knowledge for dispensing drug before and after a training course
Authors: Reis Tiago Marques , Zanetti Ariane Cristina Barbosa , Obreli-Neto Paulo Roque , Gonçalves Ana Maria Rosa Freato , Baldoni André Oliveira , Guidoni Camilo Molino , Girotto Edmarlon , Pereira Leonardo Regis Leira 
Published: March 2018

The aim of this study was to develop and validate a questionnaire used to evaluate the knowledge of pharmacists in performing drug dispensing before and after a training course, and the effectiveness of a drug dispensing continuing education program.
Data were collected from pharmacists recruited from Brazilian community pharmacies. The questionnaire was conceptually structured according to the modules that constitute the continuing education program. The content validation process was carried out by assessment of the instrument by a five-judge committee, following a Likert scale. A pre-test and subsequent pilot study were conducted.
A total of 62 pharmacists participated in the pilot study. The developed and validated data collection instrument allowed the measurement of pharmacists’ knowledge before and after training, providing statistically significant indicators for assessing the effectiveness of the course.
Valoración del uso de Portafolio Electrónico en la Formación Inicial Docente
Authors: Lara Subiabre Brenda Angélica , Pereira Berríos María Raquel 
Published: March 2018

<p>En el contexto de la Sociedad del Conocimiento se hace imprescindible que los futuros profesores se apropien de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC), para responder a los requerimientos de los aprendices del nuevo milenio. El objetivo de la investigación fue establecer la valoración que le dan los estudiantes de la carrera de Educación Física al uso del portafolio electrónico. La metodología fue cualitativa, de tipo descriptivo con un diseño fenomenológico. En primera instancia se recogió información a través de un grupo focal y entrevistas, con los que posteriormente se elabora una encuesta semi-estructurada. Los participantes finales fueron un grupo homogéneo y correspondieron a 56 estudiantes de los últimos dos años de formación.</p><p>Los resultados dan cuenta de factores que ellos valoran al usar el portafolio, tales como: intercambio de ideas, resolver dudas, revisar trabajos producidos por ellos mismos y por compañeros. Además manifiestan que les desagradan, aspectos del diseño del software, capacidad del sistema y la visualización de su información en buscadores de Internet. Se concluye que los estudiantes reconocen una alta valoración del uso del portafolio, lo que puede favorecer su disposición a trabajar con tecnología una vez que sean profesores.</p><p>Conocimiento Educactivo, Vol. 4, 2017:11-23</p>
Het toezicht op de strafvorderlijke overheid: een modern artikel 359a Sv?
Authors: Samadi M. 
Published: March 2018

Het toezicht op de strafvorderlijke overheid: een modern artikel 359a Sv?
In het kader van de modernisering van het Wetboek van Strafvordering heeft de wetgever zich ook gewaagd aan het veelbesproken thema van vormverzuimen en de strafprocessuele gevolgen van onrechtmatig strafvorderlijk overheidsoptreden. Deze bijdrage geeft een globale uiteenzetting van de voorgestelde wijzigingen van artikel 359a Sv en bespreekt deze wijzigingen in het licht van de in de literatuur geconstateerde problemen inzake de rechterlijke controle op vormverzuimen.
New articulated asteroids (Echinodermata, Asteroidea) and ophiuroids (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea) from the Late Jurassic (Volgian / Tithonian) of central Spitsbergen
Authors: Rousseau Julie , Gale Andrew Scott , Thuy Ben 
Published: March 2018

The Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous Slottsmøya Member of the Agardhfjellet Formation in central Spitsbergen has yielded two new species of asteroids and two species of ophiuroids, one of which is described as new. Polarasterias janusensis Rousseau & Gale gen. et sp. nov. is a forcipulatid neoasteroid with elongated arms, small disc and very broad ambulacral grooves with narrow adambulacrals. Savignaster septemtrionalis Rousseau & Gale sp. nov. is a pterasterid with well-developed interradial chevrons. The Spitsbergen specimens are the first described articulated material of Savignaster and reveal the overall arrangement of the ambulacral groove ossicles. Ophiogaleus sp. is an ophiacanthid with relatively long jaws and lateral arm plates, with a coarsely reticulate outer surface. Here again, we report the first articulated skeletons of this genus, providing unprecedented insights into the disc morphology. Ophioculina hoybergia Rousseau & Thuy gen. et sp. nov. is an ophiopyrgid with a well-developed arm comb and tentacle pores reduced to within-plate perforations starting at median arm segments. These new finds are important additions to the asterozoan fossil record with regard to their good degree of articulation and the high latitudinal position of the localities. They significantly add to the set of exhaustively known fossil asterozoan taxa which play a key role in the phylogenetic analysis and reconstruction of evolutionary history.
Influencia del mentoring en el rendimiento de los participantes en las comunidades virtuales de práctica
Authors: Tejada Garitano Eneko , Garay Ruiz Urtza , Romero Andonegui Ainara 
Published: March 2018

<p>La Comunidad Virtual de Práctica (CVP) hace referencia a la red de personas que interactúan y comparten conocimientos con objeto de desarrollar su formación práctica y profesional. En este trabajo se presenta una investigación llevada a cabo con alumnado de Grado de Educación Primaria para conocer la influencia del <em>mentoring </em>en el rendimiento académico y en la satisfacción de participar en una CVP. Para ello, se desarrolló una CVP entre alumnado de diferente curso y cada estudiante construyó su Entorno Personal de Aprendizaje a través del aprendizaje colaborativo. La relación entre tutoría y rendimiento académico así como el nivel de influencia de la tutoría en el nivel de satisfacción del alumnado se analizó cuantitativamente. Entre los resultados destaca que los participantes valoran de forma satisfactoria la experiencia de participar e interactuar en una CVP, además de apreciar que la percepción que se tiene de la tutoría recibida no influye de forma directa en el rendimiento académico obtenido.</p>
Current state of knowledge on Wolbachia infection among Coleoptera: a systematic review
Authors: Kajtoch Łukasz , Kotásková Nela 
Published: March 2018

Background
Despite great progress in studies on Wolbachia infection in insects, the knowledge about its relations with beetle species, populations and individuals, and the effects of bacteria on these hosts, is still unsatisfactory. In this review we summarize the current state of knowledge about Wolbachia occurrence and interactions with Coleopteran hosts.

Methods
An intensive search of the available literature resulted in the selection of 86 publications that describe the relevant details about Wolbachia presence among beetles. These publications were then examined with respect to the distribution and taxonomy of infected hosts and diversity of Wolbachia found in beetles. Sequences of Wolbachia genes (16S rDNA, ftsZ) were used for the phylogenetic analyses.

Results
The collected publications revealed that Wolbachia has been confirmed in 204 beetle species and that the estimated average prevalence of this bacteria across beetle species is 38.3% and varies greatly across families and genera (0–88% infected members) and is much lower (c. 13%) in geographic studies. The majority of the examined and infected beetles were from Europe and East Asia. The most intensively studied have been two groups of herbivorous beetles: Curculionidae and Chrysomelidae. Coleoptera harbor Wolbachia belonging to three supergroups: F found in only three species, and A and B found in similar numbers of beetles (including some doubly infected); however the latter two were most prevalent in different families. A total of 59% of species with precise data were found to be totally infected. Single infections were found in 69% of species and others were doubly- or multiply-infected. Wolbachia caused numerous effects on its beetle hosts, including selective sweep with host mtDNA (found in 3% of species), cytoplasmic incompatibility (detected in c. 6% of beetles) and other effects related to reproduction or development (like male-killing, possible parthenogenesis or haplodiploidy induction, and egg development). Phylogenetic reconstructions for Wolbachia genes rejected cospeciation between these bacteria and Coleoptera, with minor exceptions found in some Hydraenidae, Curculionidae and Chrysomelidae. In contrast, horizontal transmission of bacteria has been suspected or proven in numerous cases (e.g., among beetles sharing habitats and/or host plants).

Discussion
The present knowledge about Wolbachia infection across beetle species and populations is very uneven. Even the basic data about infection status in species and frequency of infected species across genera and families is very superficial, as only c. 0.15% of all beetle species have been tested so far. Future studies on Wolbachia diversity in Coleoptera should still be based on the Multi-locus Sequence Typing system, and next-generation sequencing technologies will be important for uncovering Wolbachia relations with host evolution and ecology, as well as with other, co-occurring endosymbiotic bacteria.
Zircon U‐Pb Chronology and Hf Isotope From the Palawan‐Mindoro Block, Philippines: Implication to Provenance and Tectonic Evolution of the South China Sea
Authors: Yan Yi , Yao Deng , Tian Zhixian , Huang Chiyue , Chen Wenhuang , Santosh M. , Yumul Graciano P. , Dimalanta Carla B. , Li Zian 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe continental margin of Southeast Asia evolved from a dominantly Andean‐type active margin during Mesozoic to a Western Pacific‐type since Late Cretaceous. With the spreading of the South China Sea, the Palawan‐Mindoro Block drifted from mainland Asia and the Cenozoic strata provide an excellent window to gain insights into the tectonic evolution of the margin of Southeast Asia. Here we present U‐Pb age and Hf isotopic data on detrital zircon grains from Cenozoic sedimentary rocks in the Palawan‐Mindoro Block, Philippines, to evaluate the provenance and tectonic evolution of the South China Sea. Zircon grains in Eocene‐Miocene sedimentary rocks from the Palawan‐Mindoro Block show a wide range in age from 60 to 2700 Ma, with four major age groups of 80–120 Ma, 160–180 Ma, 1600–2100 Ma, and 2200–2700 Ma. The εHf(t) of the zircon grains of the samples from Mindoro Island range from −39 to +13.7, and similar Hf isotopic composition is recorded in Paleogene and Neogene strata. Zircon U‐Pb ages and Hf isotopic data of the Eocene samples from the Palawan‐Mindoro Block show a similar pattern with those from Taiwan, which suggests that the Palawan‐Mindoro Block was attached to the margin of South China during Late Cretaceous‐Eocene times. The difference of zircon U‐Pb age composition in the Miocene samples between the Palawan‐Mindoro Block and Taiwan reflects southward drifting of the Palawan‐Mindoro Block and seafloor spreading of the South China Sea at that time.