bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ex situ Perfusion of Pancreas for Whole-Organ Transplantation: Is it Safe and Feasible? A Systematic Review
Authors: Prudhomme Thomas , Kervella Delphine , Le Bas-Bernardet Stéphanie , Cantarovich Diego , Karam Georges , Blancho Gilles , Branchereau Julien 
Published: August 2019

Introduction: Pancreas transplantation is currently one of the best treatments proposed in highly selected patients with unstable and brittle type 1 diabetes. The objective of pancreas transplantation is to restore normoglycemia and avoid the occurrence of complications associated with diabetes. Graft pancreatitis and thrombosis, arising from ischemia reperfusion injuries, are major causes of graft loss in the postoperative period. Ex situ perfusion, in hypothermic or normothermic settings, allowed to improve ischemic reperfusion injury in other organ transplantations (kidney, liver, or lung). The development of pancreatic graft perfusion techniques would limit these ischemic reperfusion injuries. Objective: Evaluation of the safety and feasibility of ex situ perfusion of pancreas for whole-organ transplantation. Methods: English literature about pancreas perfusion was analyzed using electronic database Medline via PubMed (1950-2018). Exclusion criteria were studies that did not specify the technical aspects of machine perfusion and studies focused only on pancreas perfusion for islet isolation. Results: Hypothermic machine perfusion for pancreas preservation has been evaluated in nine studies and normothermic machine perfusion in ten studies. We evaluated machine perfusion model, types of experimental model, anatomy, perfusion parameters, flushing and perfusion solution, length of perfusion, and comparison between static cold storage and perfusion. Conclusions: This review compared ex vivo machine perfusion of experimental pancreas for whole-organ transplantation. Pancreas perfusion is feasible and could be a helpful tool to evaluate pancreas prior to transplantation. Pancreas perfusion (in hypothermic or normothermic settings) could reduce ischemic reperfusion injuries, and maybe could avoid pancreas thrombosis and reduce morbidity of pancreas transplantation.
Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex Function in Adolescents With Sport-Related Concussion: Preliminary Results
Authors: Alkathiry Abdulaziz A. , Kontos Anthony P. , Furman Joseph M. , Whitney Susan L. , Anson Eric R. , Sparto Patrick J. 
Published: August 2019

Background: Oculomotor impairments, dizziness, and imbalance are common after sports-related concussion (SRC) in adolescents and suggest a relationship between SRC and vestibular system dysfunction. However, it is not clear whether the source of these problems is attributable to the peripheral or central vestibular system. Hypothesis: The video Head Impulse Test (vHIT), which assesses peripheral vestibular function, will show differences in gain between adolescents with and without SRC. Furthermore, there will be an association between vHIT and clinical balance and vestibular/oculomotor testing. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Level of Evidence: Level 2. Methods: Twenty-five symptomatic adolescents aged between 12 and 19 years with a recent (within 10 days) SRC and 22 healthy controls aged 13 to 20 years were assessed using the vHIT, Balance Error Scoring System (BESS), and Vestibular Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS) tools. The vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) gain was calculated independently for right and left head impulses. Independent-samples t tests or Mann-Whitney U tests for nonnormal distributions were used to compare concussed patients and controls on the measures. Spearman rank-order correlations were used to assess the association of vHIT with BESS and VOMS. Results: VOR gain in all adolescents with SRC was greater than 0.8, which is considered within normal limits. VOR gain and BESS scores were not significantly different between groups. Adolescents with SRC had significantly worse VOMS item scores than adolescents without SRC ( P < 0.001). There were no significant correlations among vHIT gain and VOMS or BESS. Conclusion: There was no evidence for dysfunction in the peripheral horizontal semicircular canal function at high rotation speeds (ie, vHIT) after SRC, and vHIT was unrelated to balance and vestibular/oculomotor symptoms and dysfunction. However, adolescents with SRC scored worse on vestibular and oculomotor testing than those without SRC. Vestibular dysfunction and symptoms after SRC may be centrally derived. Clinical Relevance: We do not recommend the assessment of head impulse function in adolescents with SRC unless more definitive signs of peripheral vestibular injury are present. We recommend using the VOMS to assess symptoms of suspected SRC injury in adolescents.
Geriatric psychiatry liaison programme in a Singapore public hospital geriatric ward setting: descriptive and evaluation study on delirium and dementia
Authors: Balasundaram Bharathi , Yoon Peng Soon , Rosario Barbara Helen , Kam Jia Wen , Tan Louisa Mei Ying , Varman Surendra 
Published: August 2019

Background: Comprehensive geriatric psychiatry liaison services are in early and evolving stages in Singapore. A description and evaluation of a geriatric psychiatry liaison programme in geriatric wards was undertaken describing programme activity and clinical outcomes in patients with neurocognitive disorders. Dementia training and staff upskilling are also discussed. Methods: This study included all referred patients by the geriatric team in Changi General Hospital over a one-year period from 15 June 2017 to 14 June 2018. As measures of good clinical practice, diagnosis of delirium and new diagnosis of dementia made during the inpatient admission following liaison consultation were included in the study. Patient-related outcomes that included length of stay (LOS), institutionalisation rates and in-hospital mortality were evaluated. Results: Dementia (53%), delirium (49%) and depression (28%) were the commonest diagnoses in this study. Dementia was newly diagnosed in 30% of cases. The median LOS in those with delirium was 19 days; 19% with a delirium diagnosis had new institutionalisation rates. In-hospital mortality in this study was 2%. Conclusions: The geriatric psychiatry liaison programme in geriatric wards in Changi General Hospital improved detection rates of delirium and new diagnoses of dementia. It also reports increased LOS and new institutionalisation rates in those with a diagnosis of delirium. Nursing staff education in neurocognitive disorders is enhanced. This article has outlined the importance of team-based care, joint specialist care and staff training in recognition of delirium and dementia in an acute hospital setting to improve outcomes for older patients.
CHA2DS2VASc score and adverse outcomes in middle-aged individuals without atrial fibrillation
Authors: Renda Giulia , Ricci Fabrizio , Patti Giuseppe , Aung Nay , Petersen Steffen E , Gallina Sabina , Hamrefors Viktor , Melander Olle , Sutton Richard , Engstrom Gunnar , Caterina Raffaele De , Fedorowski Artur 
Published: August 2019

Aims The CHA2DS2VASc score is used to evaluate the risk of thromboembolic events in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation. We assessed the prognostic yield of CHA2DS2VASc for new-onset atrial fibrillation, cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in a non-atrial fibrillation population. Methods We analysed a population-based cohort of 22,179 middle-aged individuals with ( n = 3542) and without ( n = 18,367) a history of atrial fibrillation; we grouped the population into five CHA2DS2VASc strata (0–1–2–3–≥4), and compared the risk of major adverse cerebro-cardiovascular events and mortality. Furthermore, we analysed the annual incidence of atrial fibrillation across different CHA2DS2VASc strata. Results Over a median follow-up of 15 years, 1572 patients (6.9%) had ischaemic strokes, 2162 (9.5%) coronary events and 5899 (26%) died. The cumulative incidence of ischaemic stroke in CHA2DS2VASc ≥ 4 subjects without atrial fibrillation was similar to patients with atrial fibrillation and CHA2DS2VASc 2, with a 10-year crude incidence rate of 0.91 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.68–1.19) and 1.13 (95% CI 0.93–1.36) ischaemic strokes per 100 patient-years, respectively. CHA2DS2VASc in a non-atrial fibrillation population showed higher predictive accuracy for ischaemic stroke compared with an atrial fibrillation population (area under the curve 0.60 vs. 0.56; P = 0.001). In multivariable Cox regression analysis, CHA2DS2VASc ≥ 2 was an independent predictor of all-cause death (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 2.58; 95% CI 2.42–2.76), cardiovascular death (aHR 3.40; 95% CI 2.98–3.89), ischaemic stroke (aHR 2.20; 95% CI 1.92–2.53) and coronary events (aHR 1.83; 95% CI 1.63–2.04). The cumulative incidence of atrial fibrillation was greater with increasing CHA2DS2VASc strata, with an absolute annual incidence of more than 2% per year if CHA2DS2VASc ≥ 4. Conclusion The CHA2DS2VASc score is a sensitive tool for predicting new-onset atrial fibrillation and adverse outcomes in subjects both with and without atrial fibrillation.
The association between serum adiponectin and 3-month outcome after ischemic stroke
Authors: Wang Zengliang , Li Bo , Wang Yongxin , Maimaitili Aisha , Qin Hu , Dangmurenjiafu Geng , Wang Shuo 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background
Although adiponectin is a major adipocytokine that affects the pathogenesis of various cardiovascular diseases, its clinical significance in stroke remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of serum adiponectin levels on functional prognosis in patients with ischemic stroke.

Methods
This was a prospective, observational cohort study. Consecutive first-ever ischemic stroke patients without any pre-morbid handicap admitted to our hospital were identified from December 2017 to December 2018. Serum concentration of adiponectin was routinely measured within the first 24 h after admission by a commercially available sandwich ELISA. Associations between adiponectin and either clinical severity at admission, poor outcomes or mortality at 3-month after admission were analyzed using logistic regression to obtain odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results
The serum level of adiponectin was obtained in 227 patients with a median value of 7.0 μg/ml, which was significantly higher (P < 0.001) than in those heathy control. Adiponectin levels were associated with moderate-to-high stroke, and risk increased by 12% (OR = 1.12; 95% CI 1.03–1.25; P = 0.002). Patients with a poor outcome and nonsurvivors had significantly increased adiponectin levels on admission (P < 0.001, all). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, adiponectin was an independent predictor of functional outcome and mortality, and risk increased by 24% (OR = 1.24, 95% CI 1.13–1.37; P < 0.001) and 31% (1.31 [1.18–1.46], P < 0.001), respectively. Kaplan–Meier analysis suggested that the patients with high serum adiponectin levels had a higher risk of death than those patients with low levels (log-rank test P < 0.001).

Conclusions
Our results show that high adiponectin is associated with stroke severity and support the hypothesis that adiponectin can be serve as a biomarker of poor outcome after stroke, independent of baseline variables.
Trial registration ChiCTR-OPC-17013501. Retrospectively Registered 21 September 2017
Gefitinib Versus Gefitinib Plus Pemetrexed and Carboplatin Chemotherapy in EGFR-Mutated Lung Cancer
Authors: Noronha Vanita , Patil Vijay Maruti , Joshi Amit , Menon Nandini , Chougule Anuradha , Mahajan Abhishek , Janu Amit , Purandare Nilendu , Kumar Rajiv , More Sucheta , Goud Supriya , Kadam Nandkumar , Daware Nilesh , Bhattacharjee Atanu , Shah Srushti , Yadav Akanksha , Trivedi Vaishakhi , Behel Vichitra , Dutt Amit , Banavali Shripad Dinanath , Prabhash Kumar 
Published: August 2019

PURPOSE Standard first-line therapy for EGFR-mutant advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)–directed oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Adding pemetrexed and carboplatin chemotherapy to an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor may improve outcomes. PATIENTS AND METHODS This was a phase III randomized trial in patients with advanced NSCLC harboring an EGFR-sensitizing mutation and a performance status of 0 to 2 who were planned to receive first-line palliative therapy. Random assignment was 1:1 to gefitinib 250 mg orally per day (Gef) or gefitinib 250 mg orally per day plus pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 and carboplatin area under curve 5 intravenously every 3 weeks for four cycles, followed by maintenance pemetrexed (gefitinib plus chemotherapy [Gef+C]). The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS); secondary end points included overall survival (OS), response rate, and toxicity. RESULTS Between 2016 and 2018, 350 patients were randomly assigned to Gef (n = 176) and Gef+C (n = 174). Twenty-one percent of patients had a performance status of 2, and 18% of patients had brain metastases. Median follow-up time was 17 months (range, 7 to 30 months). Radiologic response rates were 75% and 63% in the Gef+C and Gef arms, respectively ( P = .01). Estimated median PFS was significantly longer with Gef+C than Gef (16 months [95% CI, 13.5 to 18.5 months] v 8 months [95% CI, 7.0 to 9.0 months], respectively; hazard ratio for disease progression or death, 0.51 [95% CI, 0.39 to 0.66]; P < .001). Estimated median OS was significantly longer with Gef+C than Gef (not reached v 17 months [95% CI, 13.5 to 20.5 months]; hazard ratio for death, 0.45 [95% CI, 0.31 to 0.65]; P < .001). Clinically relevant grade 3 or greater toxicities occurred in 51% and 25% of patients in the Gef+C and Gef arms, respectively ( P < .001). CONCLUSION Adding pemetrexed and carboplatin chemotherapy to gefitinib significantly prolonged PFS and OS but increased toxicity in patients with NSCLC.
Palbociclib in Patients With Pancreatic and Biliary Cancer WithCDKN2AAlterations: Results From the Targeted Agent and Profiling Utilization Registry Study
Authors: Al Baghdadi Tareq , Halabi Susan , Garrett-Mayer Elizabeth , Mangat Pam K. , Ahn Eugene R. , Sahai Vaibhav , Alvarez Ricardo H. , Kim Edward S. , Yost Kathleen J. , Rygiel Andrew Lawrence , Antonelli Kaitlyn R. , Butler Nicole L. , Bruinooge Suanna S. , Schilsky Richard L. 
Published: August 2019

PURPOSEThe Targeted Agent and Profiling Utilization Registry (TAPUR) Study identifies signals of antitumor activity of commercially available targeted agents in patients with advanced cancers that harbor genomic alterations known as drug targets. In this article, data from two cohorts of patients with pancreatic and biliary cancers with CDKN2A loss or mutation treated with palbociclib are reported.METHODSEligible patients age 12 years and older with advanced measurable or evaluable solid tumors are provided treatment according to protocol-specified genomic matching rules. The primary study end point is objective response or stable disease of at least 16 weeks duration. For each cohort, a Simon two-stage design was used with a futility evaluation after 10 patients. Secondary end points include safety, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS).RESULTSBetween July 2016 and November 2017, 12 and 10 patients with pancreatic and biliary cancer, respectively, with CDKN2A loss or mutation were treated with palbociclib. Twenty evaluable patients (10 per cohort) were included in the analysis. No patients had objective response or stable disease at 16 weeks, and both cohorts were closed. Two patients, neither with response, were determined to be ineligible. All patients were evaluated for safety, PFS, and OS. A median PFS of 7.2 weeks (90% CI, 4.0 to 8.0 weeks) and median OS of 12.4 weeks (90% CI, 4.7 to 23.1 weeks) were observed in the pancreatic cohort. A median PFS of 7.3 weeks (90% CI, 3.9 to 7.9 weeks) and median OS of 11.1 weeks (90% CI, 5.1 to 14.0 weeks) were observed in the biliary cohort. No unexpected toxicities were observed.CONCLUSIONPalbociclib monotherapy does not have clinical activity in patients with advanced pancreatic or biliary cancers with CDKN2A loss or mutation. Toxicity is similar to reported experience with palbociclib in other tumor types.
Islet Autoantibody Standardization Program 2018 Workshop: Interlaboratory Comparison of Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Autoantibody Assay Performance
Authors: Lampasona Vito , Pittman David L , Williams Alistair J , Achenbach Peter , Schlosser Michael , Akolkar Beena , Winter William E ,   Participating Laboratories, Watson K , Weets I , Tao Y , Chen V , Yang Y , Uibo R , Reimand K , Knip M , Härkönen T , Chatenoud L , Achenbach P , Neidhoefer S , Schlosser M , Lampasona V , Kawasaki E , Batstra M R , Cieremans T , Almås B , Opsion K S , Wyka K , Castaño L , Ramelius A , Johansson I , Williams A , Furmaniak J , McDonald T , McLaughlin K , Christie M , Metz A , Mathew A , Hampe C , Lu C , Wasserfall C , Mann C , Pittman D , Ananta J S , Yu L , Mamula M , Robinson P , Gaur V , Hagopian W A 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The Islet Autoantibody Standardization Program (IASP) aims to improve the performance of immunoassays measuring type 1 diabetes (T1D)-associated autoantibodies and the concordance of results among laboratories. IASP organizes international interlaboratory assay comparison studies in which blinded serum samples are distributed to participating laboratories, followed by centralized collection and analysis of results, providing participants with an unbiased comparative assessment. In this report, we describe the results of glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody (GADA) assays presented in the IASP 2018 workshop.

METHODS
In May 2018, IASP distributed to participants uniquely coded sera from 43 new-onset T1D patients, 7 multiple autoantibody-positive nondiabetic individuals, and 90 blood donors. Results were analyzed for the following metrics: sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, area under the ROC curve (ROC-AUC), partial ROC-AUC at 95% specificity (pAUC95), and concordance of qualitative and quantitative results.

RESULTS
Thirty-seven laboratories submitted results from a total of 48 different GADA assays adopting 9 different formats. The median ROC-AUC and pAUC95 of all assays were 0.87 [interquartile range (IQR), 0.83–0.89] and 0.036 (IQR, 0.032–0.039), respectively. Large differences in pAUC95 (range, 0.001–0.0411) were observed across assays. Of formats widely adopted, bridge ELISAs showed the best median pAUC95 (0.039; range, 0.036–0.041).

CONCLUSIONS
Several novel assay formats submitted to this study showed heterogeneous performance. In 2018, the majority of the best performing GADA immunoassays consisted of novel or established nonradioactive tests that proved on a par or superior to the radiobinding assay, the previous gold standard assay format for GADA measurement.
Barths »Tambacher Vortrag« und Bonhoeffers »tiefe Diesseitigkeit«. Bahnbrechende Impulse für Kirche und Gesellschaft noch heute
Authors: Welker Michael 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This paper examines two ingenious theological contributions by Karl Barth and Dietrich Bonhoeffer: the famous Tambach lecture by Barth, given 100 years ago, and the concept of the »deep worldliness« (tiefe Diesseitigkeit) of the Christian faith developed by Bonhoeffer in his prison letters. It shows why even today both contributions have orienting power for church and society in situations of radical transition and change. Both contributions derive their strength from the fact that they have a clear theological and at the same time realistic orientation, Christologically and implicitly also pneumatologically founded. On this base they link a serious theology and a vigilant critical contemporaneity.
Design and manufacture of embryological models for didactic use
Authors: Oliva Henrique Nunes Pereira , Dias Ramon Nogueira , Rodrigues Humberto Gabriel 
Published: August 2019

Some areas of knowledge are usually related to a high degree of abstraction involved in the object studied. In the case of the embryology study, for instance, the students’ learning difficulties are recurrent due to a lack of didactic resources, which may aid the interpretation process of the figures presented in related literature. Based on the motivation to improve university education, specially in the area of biological sciences, the present work aims to represent in three dimensions, stages of the human embryological development. SolidWorks 3D modeling software was used, as well as didactic material related to the subject of embryology, conception and human development, such as books, atlases and scientific papers. There were designed, in 3D software, models representing the stages of human embryonic development. This means of production allowed the elaboration of exclusive anatomic models, with low cost (less than R$100,00 for more than 10 parts) and ease of visual interpretation. The models were designed in scale, such that it was possible to compare models that represent distinct periods of ontogenic development. It was possible to contribute to an improvement in the understanding of the topic of embryology for students with major related to health, through the visualization, in three dimensions, of models that are sometimes very expensive as physical pieces, or even nonexistent in market.
Queering International Law
Authors: Kowarski Clarissa 
Published: August 2019

Trata-se de um book review da obra “Queering International Law: possibilities, aliances, complicities and risks”, publicada em 2017, pela Editora Routledge, em que a autora, Dianne Otto, visa promover a interações entre as teorias críticas feministas sobre o direito internacional e a teoria queer. Ciente dos conflitos internos que permeiam os debates teóricos feministas, Otto propõe uma aliança entre ambos os grupos vulneráveis com o objetivo de promover uma releitura do Direito Internacional a partir da agenda LGTBI.
Critical growth elliptic problems involving Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev critical exponent in non-contractible domains
Authors: Goel Divya , Sreenadh Konijeti 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The paper is concerned with the existence and multiplicity of positive solutions of the nonhomogeneous Choquard equation over an annular type bounded domain. Precisely, we consider the following equation

$$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
-{\it \Delta} u = \left(\int\limits_{{\it\Omega}}\frac{|u(y)|^{2^*_{\mu}}}{|x-y|^{\mu}}dy\right)|u|^{2^*_{\mu}-2}u+f \; \text{in}\;
{\it\Omega},\quad
u = 0 \; \text{ on } \partial {\it\Omega} ,
\end{array}$$
where Ω is a smooth bounded annular domain in ℝN(N ≥ 3),
$\begin{array}{}
2^*_{\mu}=\frac{2N-\mu}{N-2}
\end{array}$, f ∈ L∞(Ω) and f ≥ 0. We prove the existence of four positive solutions of the above problem using the Lusternik-Schnirelmann theory and varitaional methods, when the inner hole of the annulus is sufficiently small.
A procedure for designing and manufacturing microstructured lenses used in automotive headlamps
Authors: Zimmermann Dennis , Beutler Andreas , Brozio Matthias , Freutel Simon , Kosse Philipp , Neumann Cornelius 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The transition between the light and dark areas of the luminous intensity distribution of a headlamp needs to fulfil statutory regulations. For projection headlamps, adjusting the transition is done by adding a scattering structure to the lens surface. The requirements for the transition are pointed out, and typical problems are presented. A procedure to create such scattering structures in computer-aided design is shown. Improvements to the controls of turning machines for manufacturing are discussed. A reverse engineering process using a high-precision cylindrical coordinate measuring instrument with an optical probe for quality assurance is presented.