bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PVA-Alginate beads loaded with activated carbon, Fe3O4 nanoparticles and ionic liquids for methylene blue adsorption and their comparison with membrane
Authors: Asif Muhmmad , Ullah Saadat , Khan Amir Sada , Nasrullah Asma , Khitab Fatima , Ullah Wasi , Khan Sher Bahadar , Shah Muhmmad Raza , Fagieh Taghreed M. , Ahmed Naveed 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Dyes have mutagenic and carcinogenic nature, and their removal from the environment is necessary. In this study, different types of poly vinyl alcohol and alginate (PVA-Alg) biocomposite beads were synthesized and characterized for methylene blue (MB) removal from aqueous phase. Activated carbon (AC), Ferric Oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles and ionic liquid (IL) were impregnated in PVA-Alg composite for MB adsorption from aqueous solution. Synthesized beads were characterized using different analytical tools such as Fourier transform inferred (FTIR) and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). Among the tested beads, the PVA-Alg beads impregnated with AC have higher adsorption efficiency for MB and therefore was selected for further study and their adsorption for MB was compared with membrane having same composition. Impact of various experimental factors such as pH of MB solution, adsorption dosage, contact time, MB solution concentration and temperature were studied. To know the mechanism of adsorption of MB on the synthesized beads, kinetics, isotherm and thermodynamic study were performed. MB adsorption on the beads followed pseudo-first order kinetic model. Isotherm study showed that MB adsorption on beads can be explained by both Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Adsorption capacity of beads for MB was 769.23 mg/g as calculated from the Langmuir isotherm. Thermodynamic study clearly showed that MB adsorption is spontaneous in nature. The overall results concluded that PVA-Alg beads impregnated with AC have higher potential for MB adsorption from aqueous phase.
How Do Religions and Religiosity Matter for Climate Anxiety?
Authors: Toros Emre 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

During the last decade, the discussions about climate change have evolved beyond technical and technological debates, and politicians and religious leaders have started to acknowledge the complexity of the matter more frequently than ever. Since then, the need for holistic approaches encompassing social, political, and cultural dimensions alongside technological advancements has become more visible in climate change-related discussions. This necessity is mainly based on the fact that the offered technical solutions are bound to social and psychological barriers and are evaluated through the lenses of existing culture, values, and beliefs, which can hinder appropriate responses. The current study aims at this gap by exploring variations in religious affiliations, religiosity levels of individuals and their interactions with climate anxiety using two current novel databases. The findings indicate that not only affiliations and religiosity levels are robust predictors of climate anxiety, but also their interactions with news consumption patterns, ideological positions, religious effectively explain the variations in perceptions related to climate anxiety.
Human-mouse proteomics reveals the shared pathways in Alzheimer's disease and delayed protein turnover in the amyloidome
Authors: Peng Junmin , Yarbro Jay , Han Xian , Dasgupta Abhijit , Yang Ka , Liu Danting , Shrestha Him , Zaman Masihuz , Wang Zhen , Yu Kaiwen , Lee Dong Geun , Vanderwall David , Niu Mingming , Sun Huan , Xie Boer , Chen Ping-Chung , Jiao Yun , Zhang Xue , Wu Zhiping , Fu Yingxue , Li Yuxin , Yuan Zuo-Fei , Wang Xusheng , Poudel Suresh , Vagnerova Barbora , He Qianying , Tang Andrew , Ronaldson Patrick , Chang Rui , Yu Gang , Liu Yansheng 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Murine models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are crucial for elucidating disease mechanisms but have limitations in fully representing AD molecular complexities. We comprehensively profiled age-dependent brain proteome and phosphoproteome (n > 10,000 for both) across multiple mouse models of amyloidosis. We identified shared pathways by integrating with human metadata, and prioritized novel components by multi-omics analysis. Collectively, two commonly used models (5xFAD and APP-KI) replicate 30% of the human protein alterations; additional genetic incorporation of tau and splicing pathologies increases this similarity to 42%. We dissected the proteome-transcriptome inconsistency in AD and 5xFAD mouse brains, revealing that inconsistent proteins are enriched within amyloid plaque microenvironment (amyloidome). Determining the 5xFAD proteome turnover demonstrates that amyloid formation delays the degradation of amyloidome components, including Aβ-binding proteins and autophagy/lysosomal proteins. Our proteomic strategy defines shared AD pathways, identify potential new targets, and underscores that protein turnover contributes to proteome-transcriptome discrepancies during AD progression.
Exploring the Impacts of Polyethylene Microplastics on Rat Liver
Authors: Maurya Diwakar , Katarkar Atul , Kulurkar Pankaj M. , Deshpande Shilpa A. , Krishnamurthi Kannan , Sivanesan Saravanadevi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The widespread presence of microplastics (MPs) has raised significant concerns due to their adverse impacts on organisms, public health, and ecological safety. Although hepatotoxic consequences of exposure to polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) have been studied recently, the potential effects of long-term accumulation of polyethylene microplastics (PE-MPs) in the liver remain unclear. In this study, we developed a rat model (Wistar) with doses of 0.1, 1, and 5 mg/kg of PE-MPs (with sizes ranging from 1–10 µM) over 4 weeks. As confirmed by FT-IR and fluorescence microscopy, PE-MPs exposure did not significantly affect body weight but led to dose-dependent accumulation in liver tissues. Histopathological assessment revealed signs of liver injury, accompanied by a significant dose-dependent increase in lipid peroxidation (LPO) in liver tissue extracts. Furthermore, transcriptomic profiling of the liver exposed to PE-MPs resulted in differentially expressed genes enriched in pathways linked to mitochondrial dysfunction, lipid and fatty acid metabolism, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). PE-MPs-induced LPO activates NAFLD pathways, which were further validated at the transcriptional level by involving genes affecting neutrophil infiltration, inflammation, and fibrosis. Thus, targeting the LPO pathway could serve as a potential avenue for intervention in PE-MPs-mediated liver toxicity.
Bearing Characteristics and Damage Rules of Regenerated Rock Mass
Authors: Wang Ping , Zeng Zilong , Li Yingming , Liao Hongbo , Lv Jianhua , Guo Haijun 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This study investigates the bearing characteristics and damage evolution of regenerative rock masses formed under varying geological conditions through uniaxial loading tests, numerical simulations, and theoretical derivations. Regenerative rock mass samples with different water-cement ratios and cementing materials were prepared, and the mechanical behavior during the loading process was analyzed. The results indicate that the secondary damage process can be divided into three stages: pre-peak, weakening, and friction. As the mechanical properties of the cementing matrix improve, the bearing capacity increases, and the failure mode transitions from ductile to brittle. A damage constitutive model incorporating the Weibull distribution and a damage correction coefficient is proposed to predict the mechanical strength of regenerative rock masses. Numerical simulations using Particle Flow Code 3D (PFC3D) reveal that enhanced mechanical properties of the cementing material lead to a shift from tensile to shear failure. This study provides theoretical and practical guidance for the stability control of regenerative rock mass engineering, offering new insights into the design of support systems for mining operations. The findings have significant implications for the recovery of shallow residual coal resources and the stability control of mining roadways.
Frontal, temporal and cerebellar topological property alterations predispose cognitive impairment of ICU sepsis survivors: A resting-state fMRI study
Authors: Li Ying , Chen Jianqing , Wang Hui , Wang Lina , Li Jingjing , Li Mengqing , Ye Haotian , Liu Wen , Ji Muhuo , Yang Jianjun 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to explore the topological alterations of the brain networks of ICU sepsis survivors and their correlation with cognitive impairment.
Methods
16 sepsis survivors from ICU and 19 healthy controls from the community were recruited. Within one month after discharge, neurocognitive tests were administered to assess cognitive performance. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) was acquired and the topological properties of brain networks were measured based on graph theory approaches. Granger causality analysis (GCA) was conducted to quantify effective connectivity (EC) between brain regions showing positive topological alterations and other regions in the brain. The correlations between topological properties and cognitive performance were analyzed.
Results
Sepsis survivors exhibited significant cognitive impairment. At the global level, sepsis survivors showed lower normalized clustering coefficient (γ) and small-worldness (σ). At the local level, degree centrality (DC) and nodal efficiency (NE) decreased in the right orbital part of inferior frontal gyrus (ORBinf.R), NE decreased in the left temporal pole of superior temporal gyrus (TPOsup.L)whereas DC and NE increased in the right cerebellum Crus 2 (CRBLCrus2.R). Regarding directional connection alterations, GCA revealed that EC from left cerebellum 6 (CRBL6.L) to ORBinf.R and EC from TPOsup.L to right cerebellum 1 (CRBLCrus1.R) decreased, whereas EC from right lingual gyrus (LING.R) to TPOsup.L increased. Correlation analysis demonstrated a significant relationship between cerebellar topological alterations and cognitive performance.
Conclusions
Frontal, temporal and cerebellar topological property alterations are involved in the mechanisms of cognitive impairment of ICU sepsis survivors and may serve as biomarkers for early diagnosis.
Trial registration
NCT03946839 (Registered May 10, 2019).
Hydrogen production using vinasse as sacrificial agent and Pt/TiO2 as photocatalyst under UV irradiation
Authors: Silvaino Patricia Ferreira , Ferreira João Coutinho , Carminati Saulo Amaral , Vaz Jorge Moreira , Spinacé Estevam Vitorio 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Vinasse, a dark-colored aqueous byproduct of bioethanol production, contains a variety of organic compounds and inorganic salt ions. In this study, vinasse was utilized as a sacrificial agent in the water splitting reaction using Pt/TiO₂ as a photocatalyst under UV irradiation. The gaseous products generated were analyzed, revealing the formation of hydrogen (H₂) along with other gases, including CO₂, CH₄, CO, C₂H₆, C₂H₄, C₃H₈, and C₄H₁₀. When using filtered vinasse as the sacrificial agent, H₂ and other gaseous products were produced solely through photolysis, even in the presence of the Pt/TiO₂ photocatalyst. Notably, H₂ production from the water splitting reaction was enhanced when inorganic salt ions were removed from the vinasse, and a lower concentration of vinasse was employed in the reaction medium.
Social impact of CAVs – coexistence of machines and humans in the context of route choice
Authors: Jamróz Grzegorz , Akman Ahmet Onur , Psarou Anastasia , Varga Zoltán Györgi , Kucharski Rafał 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Suppose in a stable urban traffic system populated only by human driven vehicles (HDVs), a given proportion (e.g. 10%) is replaced by a fleet of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs), which share information and pursue a collective goal. Suppose these vehicles are centrally coordinated and differ from HDVs only by their collective capacities allowing them to make more efficient routing decisions before the travel on a given day begins. Suppose there is a choice between two routes and every day each driver makes a decision which route to take. Human drivers maximize their utility. CAVs might optimize different goals, such as the total travel time of the fleet. We show that in this plausible futuristic setting, the strategy CAVs are allowed to adopt may result in human drivers either benefitting or being systematically disadvantaged and urban networks becoming more or less optimal. Consequently, some regulatory measures might become indispensable.
Blood transcriptomics identifies FEZ1 as a novel non-invasive diagnostic biomarker for inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Delkhah Arman Mokaram Doust 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

In comparison with conventional diagnostic methods, blood biomarkers are an easily accessible source for diagnosing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). To identify such a biomarker, an integrated transcriptomics approach was employed to detect RNAs exhibiting diagnostic efficacy. For this purpose, four gene expression datasets obtained from blood specimens were integrated (GSE119600, GSE94648, GSE86434, and GSE71730). After determining differentially expressed genes in Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, DEGs in IBD were defined as genes with a consistent direction of alteration in both disorders. Mapping the PPI network for these genes revealed TNF as the central hub gene. Subsequently, weighted gene-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was carried out to determine IBD-specific modules. Considering the degree metrics, module membership, and gene significance, PRF1 was the only gene discerned as a hub gene in a module that was prominently enriched in IBD. Genes with converging results from differential expression analysis and WGCNA were subjected to the random forest decision tree-based and LASSO regression methods. Following the identification of FEZ1 and NLRC5 as genes highlighted by both analyses, ROC analysis was applied to assess their diagnostic potential. Although both genes demonstrated acceptable diagnostic efficacy in the integrated data, only FEZ1 was considered as a potential biomarker based on the replication of results in validation datasets (GSE119600, GSE94648, GSE86434, and GSE71730). While autophagy is currently the most convincing explanation for the involvement of FEZ1 in IBD, further investigations are required to elucidate its immunological role.
Intelligent Detection and Grading Diagnosis of Fresh Rib Fractures Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Li Tongxin , Liao Mingyi , Fu Yong , Zhang Fanghong , Shen Luya , Che Junliang , Wu Shulei , Liu Jie , Wu Wei , He Ping , Xu Qingyuan , Wu Yi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Accurate detection and grading of fresh rib fractures are crucial for patient management but remain challenging due to the complexity of rib structures on CT images.
Methods
Chest CT images from 383 patients with rib fractures were retrospectively analyzed. The dataset was divided into a training set (n = 306) and an internal testing set (n = 77). An external testing set of 50 patients from the public RibFrac dataset was included. Fractures were classified into severe and non-severe categories. A modified YOLO-based deep learning model was developed for detection and grading. Performance was compared with thoracic surgeons using precision, recall, mAP50, and F1 score.
Results
The deep learning model showed excellent performance in diagnosing fresh rib fractures. For all fractures types in internal test set, the precision, recall, mAP50, and F1 score were 0.963, 0.934, 0.972, and 0.948, respectively. The model outperformed thoracic surgeons of varying experience levels (all p < 0.01).
Conclusion
The proposed deep learning model can automatically detect and grade fresh rib fractures with accuracy comparable to that of physicians. This model helps improve diagnostic accuracy, reduce physician workload, save medical resources, and strengthen health care in resource-limited areas.
Differential impact of the pandemic first wave on chronic respiratory diseases in France
Authors: Fartoukh Muriel , Brolon Lucie , Rahmoun Marie Al , Elabbadi Alexandre , Guillemot Didier , Brun-Buisson Christian , Watier Laurence 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background. The COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with dramatic changes in the management of patients with chronic respiratory diseases (CRD), resulting in varying clinical profile and use of healthcare services of patients hospitalised.
Patients and Methods. Using the French national hospital database, we analysed changes in epidemiological profile, clinical presentation at hospital referral and outcomes (ICU admission and in-hospital mortality) of CRD patients hospitalised for COVID-19 during the first wave of the pandemic in France.
Results. Non-interstitial CRD and pulmonary vascular diseases (PVD) were the most prevalent CRDs (95%). The part of CRD patients among the total inpatients was substantial, decreasing during lockdown (from 12.1% to 10.8%), then returning to the pre-lockdown level (12.4%). The CRD patients were older and comorbid males with higher rates of ICU admission and mortality, as compared with their counterparts. Half of them had a complicated clinical profile (CCP, ICU admission or death). Overall, in-hospital length of stay was 9 (4-16) days and mortality rate 19.8%. These characteristics varied along time. In multivariable analyses, PVD was associated with a CCP (aORs, from 1.36; CI 1.18-1.57 to 1.82; CI 1.56-2.12) and mortality (with aHRs >1.5 in the 18-55 and 56-75 age groups).
Conclusion. We report a substantial part of CRD patients hospitalised with COVID-19, characterized by a more severe initial clinical presentation and higher rates of complicated stays, with changes along time suggesting differential exposure and use of resources. The PVD subgroup was independently associated with CCP and mortality during the entire study period.
Evaluation of the Impact of Different Treatments on Orthodontically Induced Apical Root Resorption Using Deep Learning-Based Cone Beam Computed Tomography 3D Imaging Measurement
Authors: Liu Shiyu , Zhang Xu , Yan Lu , Guo Jinlu , Guo Liujiang , Huang Shengfu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective
This study aims to utilize a deep learning-based automatic tooth segmentation model to assist in measuring the prevalence and severity of orthodontically induced external root resorption (OIERR), and to compare the differences in OIERR caused by treatment with fixed appliances versus clear aligners in adults.
Methods
The study included 25 patients treated with fixed appliances (FA group) and 25 with clear aligners (CA group). The Shapiro-Wilk test assessed the comparability of baseline characteristics between groups. All patients underwent pre-treatment (T0) and post-treatment (T1) CBCT scans, and images were segmented to generate 3D models of the dentition.This study employed the HMGNet enhanced with the Swin Transformer block for automatic tooth segmentation of CBCT images. 3-matic software facilitated semi-automatic alignment and calculation of root length and volume. Paired-sample t-tests analyzed changes within each group, and the Mann-Whitney U test compared OIERR between groups.
Results
The accuracy, precision, F1 score, IOU index, and Dice coefficient for automatic tooth segmentation were 99.90%, 97.62%, 96.53%, 93.28%, and 96.53%, respectively. Significant reductions in root length and volume were observed in both groups (P < 0.05). The FA group showed an average root length change of 0.80 ± 0.72 mm and root volume change of 12.57 ± 11.30 mm³, whereas the CA group had changes of 0.61 ± 0.49 mm and 11.21 ± 10.88 mm³, respectively. Inter-group comparisons indicated a root length reduction of 6.52% in the FA group and 4.84% in the CA group, and a root volume resorption rate of 4.32% in the FA group compared to 3.51% in the CA group. Differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
The study applied an automatic evaluation method for root resorption using a tooth segmentation network, providing an effective tool for monitoring root resorption. Clear aligners result in significantly less root resorption compared to fixed orthodontic appliances.
Synaptic-like coupling of macrophages to myofibers regulates muscle repair
Authors: Tripathi Gyanesh , Dourson Adam , Wayland Jennifer , Khanna Sahana , Hoffmann Megan , Govindarajan Thirupugal , Morales Fabian Montecino , Queme Luis , Millay Douglas , Jankowski Michael P. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Peripheral injury responses essential for muscle repair and nociception require complex interactions of target tissues, immune cells and primary sensory neurons. Nociceptors and myofibers both react robustly to signals generated from circulating immune cells, which promote repair, growth, and regeneration of muscle while simultaneously modulating peripheral sensitization. Here, we found that macrophages form a synaptic-like contact with myofibers to hasten repair after acute incision injury and to facilitate regeneration after major muscle damage. Transient chemogenetic activation of macrophages enhanced calcium dependent membrane repair, induced muscle calcium waves in vivo, elicited low level electrical activity in the muscles and enhanced myonuclear accretion. Under severe injury, macrophage activation could also modulate pain-like behaviors. This study identifies a novel mechanism by which synaptic-like functions of macrophages impacts muscle repair after tissue damage.
Damage Control Stabilization of the pelvis in patients “in extremis”
Authors: Grechenig Peter , Hohenberge Gloria , Schwarz Angelika , Koutp Amir , Schroedter Rene , Lindahl Jan , Puchwein Paul , Gänsslen Axel 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Immediate posterior pelvic ring stabilization is the prerequisite for pelvic packing. In patients “in extremis”, often no adequate positioning or imaging is available. Percutaneous application of a stabilizing K-wire or even a screw at the posterior pelvic ring can give adequate stability without an increased risk damage to surrounding structures, when respecting classical landmarks.
Materials and Methods
In 10 human adult whole-body cadavers, a percutaneous application of a 2.8mm K-wire was performed with only an a.p. image intensifier x-ray available. The classical entry point for iliosacral screw fixation was used. Control imaging, including a.p., Inlet and Outlet views confirmed the position of the K-wire using an Arcadis© Orbic 3D C-arm (SIEMES; Solothum, Switzerland).
Results
In 16 of 20 hemipelves (80%), in all three standard radiographic planes, the K-wire was in the expected anatomic position. Malposition was observed as usually too anterior positioning of the wire in relation to the sacrum.
Conclusions
Using standard landmarks, percutaneous application of K-wires into the posterior pelvic ring using only a.p. x-rays was found to be safe with few mal-placements. The complication rate is comparable to mal-placement of pelvic C-clamp pins. This technique is feasible in patients in extremis.