bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measuring institutional community engagement: Adding value to academic health systems
Authors: Ahmed Syed M. , Neu Young Sharon , DeFino Mia C. , Kerschner Joseph E. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBeyond medical schools’ historical focus on pillar missions including clinical care, education, and research, several medical schools now include community engagement (CE) as a mission. However, most academic health systems (AHSs) lack the tools to provide metrics, evaluation, and standardization for quantifying progress and contributions of the CE mission. Several nationwide initiatives, such as that driven by the Institute of Medicine recommending advances in CE metrics at institutions receiving Clinical and Translational Science Awards, have encouraged the research and development of systematic metrics for CE, but more progress is needed. The CE components practical model provides a foundation for analyzing and evaluating different types of CE activities at AHSs through five components: research, education, community outreach and community service, policy and advocacy, and clinical care. At the Medical College of Wisconsin (MCW), an annual survey administered to faculty and staff assessed the types and number of CE activities from the prior year. Survey results were combined to create a CE report for departments across the institution and inform MCW leadership. Insights gathered from the survey have contributed to next steps in CE tracking and evaluation, including the development of a CE dashboard to track CE activities in real time. The dashboard provides resources for how individuals can advance the CE mission through their work and guide CE at the institutional level.
Wind-mediated seed dispersal of invasive forage grasses from agricultural grasslands in Hokkaido, Japan
Authors: Egawa Chika , Shoji Atsushi , Shibaike Hiroyuki 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAlthough introduced pasture grasses are essential for forage production in current livestock farming, some species cause serious impacts on native biodiversity when naturalized. Information on the seed dispersal of invasive forage grasses from cultivated settings to surrounding environments can inform management efforts to prevent their naturalization. In this case study, we quantified the wind-mediated seed dispersal distance and amount of dispersed seed of invasive forage grasses from agricultural grasslands in Hokkaido, northern Japan. In total, 200 funnel seed traps were installed around three regularly mown grasslands and one unmown grassland where various forage grass species were grown in mixture. Seeds of each species dispersed outside the grasslands were captured from May to October 2017. Based on the trapped distances of seeds, the 99th percentile dispersal distance from the grasslands was estimated for six species, including timothy (Phleum pratense L.), orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), and Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.). For two dominant species, P. pratense and D. glomerata, the numbers of seeds dispersed outside the field under mown and unmown conditions were determined under various plant cover situations. The estimated dispersal distances ranged from 2.3 m (P. pratense) to 31.5 m (P. pratensis), suggesting that areas within approximately 32 m of the grasslands are exposed to the invasion risk of some forage grass species. For both P. pratense and D. glomerata, the number of seeds dispersed outside the unmown grassland exceeded 100 seeds m−2 under high plant cover situations, while the number of seeds dispersed from the mown grasslands at the same plant cover level was less than one-third of that number. The results suggest that local land managers focus their efforts on frequent mowing of grasslands and monitoring of the areas within approximately 32 m of the grasslands to substantially reduce the naturalization of invasive forage grasses.
Paleogeographic and paleoecological significance of Schachriomonia (Brachiopoda) from the Upper Ordovician of the Tarim Basin, Northwest China
Authors: Sproat Colin D. , Zhan Renbin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe atrypide brachiopod Schachriomonia is documented here for the first time from the upper Katian Hadabulaktag Formation on the northeastern edge of Tarim Basin in Northwest China. These shells are conspecific with the earlier reported Rhynchotrema pentagonia Fang in Liu and Fang, 1990 from the same region. This species is most similar to Schachriomonia parva Popov et al., 1999 described from the Upper Ordovician of the Chu-Ili and Chingiz terranes and less closely resembles species from North and South China, indicating a close paleogeographic connection between these plates and terranes and Tarim during the Late Ordovician. Its dominance at three horizons in the study area may indicate that this species was an opportunistic colonizer of the seafloor following ecological disruption, or alternatively that the larvae were substrate-selective. Variation in shell shape from a nearly circular shell outline with a dorsal sulcus and ventral fold in the smallest shells to a wider outline with a more reversed dorsal fold and ventral sulcus in the largest is an example of ontogenic development. This may have been an adaptation to accommodate the growing lophophore or development of gonads in the mantle cavity over the life of the brachiopod. A stronger tooth-socket connection in larger shells strengthened the hinge area to better withstand the stresses caused by the mass of a larger shell.
Similarities Between Two-Dimensional and Axisymmetric Vortex Wakes
Authors: Simmons J E L 
Published: May 2019

SummaryThis paper presents results of an investigation of the wake flow of a series of two-dimensional bluff bodies with different boundary-layer separation angles. These results are compared with the results of an earlier investigation of a similar series of axisymmetric bodies. It is found that when the same length scales characterising the wakes that were proposed for the axisymmetric case are used in the current investigation, then there is good agreement between the two cases in the variation of the length scales with boundary-layer separation angle. The universal Strouhal number previously proposed for axisymmetric bodies is derived for the two-dimensional bodies under investigation and is found to remain a constant for the different bodies, but at a different numerical value from that found for the axisymmetric bodies.
A Tribute to Jean Juster
Authors: Rabello Alfredo M. 
Published: May 2019

The Faculty of Law of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and the Israel Law Review wish to honour the memory of a brilliant young Jewish scholar who was killed in action while fighting for France in the First World War.Jean Juster born in 1881 at Piatra-Neamtz, in Rumania (Moldavia), was of a family well-known in the region. His grandfather, Abraham Lipa Juster, one of the leaders of the Jewish community, was erudite and active in public affairs. His father, Moshe, was also learned in Jewish studies and active in the promotion of the well-being of the community.Jean probably received his Jewish education at Piatra. In that town, which N. Sokolow called “the Moldavian Jerusalem”, a branch of the Hovevei Zion movement was created in 1894 and from 1897 groups of supporters of Zionism were active.
Isophotometry of Comet Tago-Sato-Kosaka
Authors: Kumar C. K. , Southall Rita J. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractNarrow-band filler photographs of comet TSK were taken in the light of C2, CN and C3 by Rahe McCracken and Donn, have been analysed in terms of Haser's model of the coma. The isophotes obtained from these photographs were corrected for sky background. The isophotes were circularly symmetric. Radial intensity profiles were obtained along the sunward, antisun and the two perpendicular directions. In each case, these profiles were the same within the experimental errors in intensity (±5%).Theoretical curves based on Haser's model were computed for different combinations of the parameters β0 and β1 where l/β0 is the scale length for the decay of the unobserved parent molecule and 1/β1 the corresponding quantity for the observed daughter molecule. A comparison of the theoretical and observed intensity profiles, yielded our best estimates for β0 and β1 for the different molecules. These are listed in Table 1. In some cases, we were able to obtain lower limits only to the ratio β0/β1 because the isophotes do not go out far enough, a limitation caused by the sky background. It is to be noted that the same values of the parameters were obtained from observations on different dates indicating no unusual activity in the comet in the intervening period. We believe ours is the first result ever obtained for C3.In Table 2, we summarize all the results for C2 and CN in different comets. It appears that the scale lengths differ between comets, a result which cannot be attributed to different helio-centric distances alone.
Mobile-assisted language learning: A Duolingo case study
Authors: Loewen Shawn , Crowther Dustin , Isbell Daniel R. , Kim Kathy Minhye , Maloney Jeffrey , Miller Zachary F. , Rawal Hima 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe growing availability of mobile technologies has contributed to an increase in mobile-assisted language learning in which learners can autonomously study a second language (L2) anytime or anywhere (e.g. Kukulska-Hulme, Lee & Norris, 2017; Reinders & Benson, 2017). Research investigating the effectiveness of such study for L2 learning, however, has been limited, especially regarding large-scale commercial L2 learning apps, such as Duolingo. Although one commissioned research study found favorable language learning outcomes (Vesselinov & Grego, 2012), limited independent research has reported issues related to learner persistence, motivation, and program efficacy (Lord, 2015; Nielson, 2011). The current study investigates the semester-long learning experiences and results of nine participants learning Turkish on Duolingo. The participants showed improvement on L2 measures at the end of the study, and results indicate a positive, moderate correlation between the amount of time spent on Duolingo and learning gains. In terms of perceptions of their experiences, the participants generally viewed Duolingo’s flexibility and gamification aspects positively; however, variability in motivation to study and frustration with instructional materials were also expressed.
Paramedic Disaster Health Management Competencies: A Scoping Review
Authors: Horrocks Peter , Hobbs Lisa , Tippett Vivienne , Aitken Peter 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIntroduction:Paramedics are tasked with providing 24/7 prehospital emergency care to the community. As part of this role, they are also responsible for providing emergency care in the event of a major incident or disaster. They play a major role in the response stage of such events, both domestic and international. Despite this, specific standardized training in disaster management appears to be variable and inconsistent throughout the profession. A suggested method of building disaster response capacities is through competency-based education (CBE). Core competencies can provide the fundamental basis of collective learning and help ensure consistent application and translation of knowledge into practice. These competencies are often organized into domains, or categories of learning outcomes, as defined by Blooms taxonomy of learning domains. It is these domains of competency, as they relate to paramedic disaster response, that are the subject of this review.Methods:The methodology for this paper to identify existing paramedic disaster response competency domains was adapted from the guidance for the development of systematic scoping reviews, using a methodology developed by members of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI; Adelaide, South Australia) and members of five Joanna Briggs Collaborating Centres.Results:The literature search identified six articles for review that reported on paramedic disaster response competency domains. The results were divided into two groups: (1) General Core Competency Domains, which are suitable for all paramedics (both Advanced Life Support [ALS] and Basic Life Support [BLS]) who respond to any disaster or major incident; and (2) Specialist Core Competencies, which are deemed necessary competencies to enable a response to certain types of disaster. Further review then showed that three separate and discrete types of competency domains exits in the literature: (1) Core Competencies, (2) Technical/Clinical Competencies, and (3) Specialist Technical/Clinical Competencies.Conclusions:The most common domains of core competencies for paramedic first responders to manage major incidents and disasters described in the literature were identified. If it’s accepted that training paramedics in disaster response is an essential part of preparedness within the disaster management cycle, then by including these competency domains into the curriculum development of localized disaster training programs, it will better prepare the paramedic workforce’s competence and ability to effectively respond to disasters and major incidents.
Effects of Concussion in Adolescent Students: Perceptions and Performance
Authors: Rieger Brian , Lewandowski Lawrence , Potts Heather , Shea Nicole 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjective:The purpose of this study was to compare adolescent students with and without concussion on a battery of academic, neurocognitive, and socioemotional measures and assess the aftereffects of concussion across domains of functioning.Methods:Twenty-four adolescents (ages 13–17) reporting postconcussion symptoms were compared to 24 controls matched for age and gender across a battery of tests and surveys.Results:After correcting for multiple comparisons, there were no significant differences on any neuropsychological measures. Similarly, there were no significant group differences on academic measures of vocabulary, word recognition, or reading comprehension. Self-reported concussion symptoms were much greater for students with concussion, as were self-reports of anxiety, depression, and somatization symptoms. Parents also rated those with concussion as having greater depression and somatization symptoms, but not to a degree that survived Bonferroni correction. Lastly, those with concussion reported a significantly greater number of school problems and academic concerns.Conclusions:Results indicated that adolescents who reported postconcussion symptoms do not perform differently from peers on most neurocognitive and academic tasks, yet they showed considerably more worry, somatization, academic concerns, and feelings of inadequacy than matched controls. The findings suggest that interventions to address psychological and academic stress may be indicated for adolescents symptomatic from concussion.
The roles of language mode and dominance in French–German bilinguals’ motion event descriptions
Authors: Stocker Ladina , Berthele Raphael 
Published: May 2019

AbstractJuggling with structurally and semantically different language systems leads to constructions that differ from the typical patterns in a language. Typical patterns in the domain of motion are characterized by more verbs encoding path in French; and more verbs encoding the manner of motion in German. An increase of manner verbs in French, for instance, can be ascribed to an influence from German. The extent of typical or reversed patterns depends on interrelated factors such as speaker-related idiosyncrasies, language dominance configurations, and – arguably – the degree of language activation. Drawing on data from 154 French–German bilinguals who described motion events in different language modes, this paper combines interrelated questions on the role of language dominance, language mode manipulation and how these factors interact. Quantitative analyses on the use of motion verbs do not show the expected effects. The null results are discussed by comparing preceding studies showing contradictory findings.
Multi-cut four-port shared radiator with stepped ground and diversity effects for WLAN application
Authors: Malviya Leeladhar , Chouhan Sanjay 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA four-port shared radiator is proposed for 5.2 GHz wireless application using multiple-cut rectangular geometry and partially stepped ground. The difficulty in making the shared radiator structure is almost removed in the presented design, and without the help of any isolating structure, sufficient value of isolation is achieved. The proposed shared geometry produces isolation of >10 dB in the 4.96–5.5 GHz operating frequency band. The gain of the MIMO antenna varies from 2.4 to 5.5 dBi, and radiation efficiency is >63% in the proposed band. The ports are arranged in an orthogonal manner to reduce the mutual coupling. An envelope correlation coefficient is <0.03 in the proposed antenna band. The total active reflection coefficient bandwidth of the antenna is 500 MHz with best combination of input excitation angles of 90, 180°. The isolation in the proposed shared radiator is enhanced by creating multiple cuts and stepped ground. To check the suitability of antenna for indoor and outdoor environments the mean effective gain and specific absorption rate results are also presented in the paper and it found under the required safety norms as per the international telecommunication union for uniform and Gaussian environments.
Large-signal vector characterization of LDMOS devices for analysis and design of broadband Doherty high-power amplifiers
Authors: Cidronali Alessandro , Collodi Giovanni 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe present a novel broadband large-signal vector characterization technique, suitable for high-power broadband Doherty amplifiers (DPAs). It consists of characterizing the DPA three-port sub-circuit composed of the main and peak power devices that are inter-connected by the input network. We discuss a suitable way to extract the three-port X-parameters of a DPA sub-circuit, which is based on a pair of high-power Silicon Laterally Diffused MOSFETs (LDMOSs) for UHF applications. It is then applied to the analysis of a high-power broadband DPA developed on the basis of the same DPA sub-circuit. This technique permits the broadband analysis of the operation of the DPA, as well as to get insight on the load modulation for both the peak and main devices, while they mutually interact through the input network. Measurements and simulated data in the 700–960 MHz bandwidth are compared so as to demonstrate the feasibility of three-port X-parameters characterization for high-power DPAs in UHF band.
The Importance of Icelandic Ice Sheet Growth and Retreat on Mantle CO2 Flux
Authors: Armitage John J. , Ferguson David J. , Petersen Kenni D. , Creyts Timothy T. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractClimate cycles may significantly affect the eruptive behavior of terrestrial volcanoes due to pressure changes caused by glacial loading, which raises the possibility that climate change may modulate CO2 degassing via volcanism. In Iceland, magmatism is likely to have been influenced by glacial activity. To explore if deglaciation therefore impacted CO2 flux, we coupled a model of glacial loading over the last ∼120 ka to melt generation and transport. We find that a nuanced relationship exists between magmatism and glacial activity. Enhanced CO2 degassing happened prior to the main phase of late‐Pleistocene deglaciation, and it is sensitive to the duration of the growth of the ice sheet entering into the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), as well as the rate of ice loss. Ice sheet growth depresses melting in the upper mantle, creating a delayed pulse of CO2 out‐gassing, as the magmatic system recovers from the effects of loading.
Rate‐and‐State Model Casts New Insight into Episodic Tremor and Slow‐slip Variability in Cascadia
Authors: Luo Yingdi , Liu Zhen 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAdvances in geodetic and seismic observations have led to the discovery of Episodic Tremor and Slow‐slip (ETS). ETS in Cascadia subduction zone occurs semiregularly and shows intriguing spatio‐temporal variability reportedly associated with frictional properties and stress conditions. Yet the origin of complex ETS behaviors remains largely unknown. Here we develop a laboratory‐based rate‐and‐state asperity‐in‐matrix subduction fault model, supported by geological observations of exhumed fault with heterogeneous frictional properties and pore pressure variation, to reproduce all ETS variability in good agreement with observations. Our results show that differential pore pressure plays a crucial role in affecting fault behaviors. Regions of asperities with decreased pore pressure tend to have increased tremor. Our study suggests that ETS variability can be used to probe otherwise enigmatic fault zone properties.
Wavelet‐Based River Segmentation Using Hydraulic Control‐Preserving Water Surface Elevation Profile Properties
Authors: Samine Montazem A. , Garambois P‐A. , Calmant S. , Finaud‐Guyot P. , Monnier J. , Medeiros Moreira D. , Minear J. T. , Biancamaria S. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractRiver flow models that consider satellite observations of the water surface elevation (WSE) require meaningful segmentation into reaches. Segmentation methods involve a trade‐off between the spatial sampling and error characteristics of satellite observations, both of which impact the flow model realism/accuracy. This paper investigates the spatial properties of WSE profiles (slope and concavity) and their link with hydraulic controls (HCs) and leverages this knowledge to advance river segmentation. Fine‐scale synthetic cases were analyzed to characterize HC effects on the remotely observable WSE properties. Following this, a wavelet‐based segmentation method was developed and subsequently tested on real rivers, including test cases with measurements characteristic of the Surface Water and Ocean Topography satellite mission. The results show that the local extrema of water surface (WS) concavity are good candidates for defining reach bounds while consistently preserving the HC signatures and local flow nonuniformities (deviations from equilibrium) from fine to large spatial scales.
Topside Ionospheric Disturbances Detected Using Radio Occultation Measurements During the August 2017 Solar Eclipse
Authors: Perry G. W. , Watson C. , Howarth A. D. , Themens D. R. , Foss V. , Langley R. B. , Yau A. W. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe CASSIOPE (also known as Swarm‐E) satellite crossed the path of totality of the August 2017 eclipse at ~640‐km altitude ~10 min following the lunar umbra. Observations from CASSIOPE's Global Positioning System radio occultation receiver reveal total electron content variations of 0.2–0.3 total electron content units in the topside ionosphere—a signature of medium‐scale (100‐200 km) plasma disturbances in the lunar penumbra that were induced by the eclipse. The variations were only observed during the eclipse, their absence on preceding days being consistent with their very low (<10%) statistical occurrence probability. Their spectral characteristics match those of other contemporaneous measurements, and their detection is consistent with the simulated ionosphere‐thermosphere response to the eclipse. To capture the small‐scale size of the variations or to simulate those expected in the upcoming (July 2019) total eclipse, ionosphere‐thermosphere model runs with a spatial resolution of 50 km or better would be required.