bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Hizeh‐Jan Kaolin Deposit of NW Iran: the Tetrad Effect in REE Distribution Patterns
Authors: ABEDINI Ali , REZAEI AZIZI Mansour 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe Hizeh‐Jan kaolin deposit (northwest of Varzeghan, East‐Azarbaidjan Province, NW Iran) is a product of the alteration of Eocene andesitic rocks. Based on mineralogical examinations, kaolinite, quartz, smectite, pyrophyllite, muscovite‐illite, alunite, calcite, diaspore, goethite and hematite are the most abundant mineral phases in this deposit. The geochemical indicators, such as Y/Ho and Zr/Hf, indicate the non‐CHARAC (non‐Charge‐radius control) behavior of these pairs, which are likely to be due to the occurrence of the tetrad effect phenomenon in this deposit. Simultaneous concave and convex shapes in the chondrite‐normalized REE distribution patterns are a remarkable feature of the kaolin samples. Bivariate diagrams of the size of the third tetrad effect (T3) versus geochemical parameters such as Y/Ho, Nb/Ta and Zr/Hf ratios display two distinct populations for the kaolin samples. The first population is characterized by high T3 values (>0.13), which are near or on the fault zone. The second population is characterized by low T3 values (<0.13), and are farther from the fault zone. The obtained results from the geochemical data have furnished compelling evidence that fluid‐rock interaction, overprint of hypogene processes by supergene ones, and structural control, are key controlling factors for the occurrence of tetrad effects in REE distribution patterns in the Hizeh‐Jan kaolin deposit.
A Model of Hydrothermal Dolomite Reservoir Facies in Precambrian Dolomite, Central Sichuan Basin, SW China and its Geochemical Characteristics
Authors: GU Yifan , ZHOU Lu , JIANG Yuqiang , JIANG Chan , LUO Mingsheng , ZHU Xun 
Published: February 2019

AbstractHydrothermal mineral assemblages and related hydrothermally enhanced fracturing are common in the Precambrian Dengying Formation of Central Sichuan Basin. Petrographic and geochemical analyses of core samples show that the hydrothermal dolomite reservoirs of Dengying Formation consist of four main types of pores in the reservoir facies. These include: 1) hydrothermal dissolution vug (or pore), 2) intercrystalline pore, 3) residual inter‐breccia vug (or pore), and 4) enlarged dissolved‐fracture. There are three different fabrics dolomite in hydrothermal dolomite reservoirs, namely, saddle dolomite, fine‐medium dolomite and micritic dolomite. Micritic dolomite is the original lithology of host rock. Saddle dolomite with curved or irregular crystal faces was directly crystallized from hydrothermal fluids (average temperature 192°C). Fine‐medium dolomites are the products of recrystallization of micritic dolomite, resulting in abnormal geochemical characteristics, such as slight depletion of δ18O, significant enrichment of Mn‐Fe and 87Sr/86Sr, and positive Eu anomaly. A model for the distribution of various hydrothermal dolomite reservoir facies is proposed here, which incorporates three fundamental geological controls: 1) extensional tectonics and tectono‐hydrothermal events (i.e., the Xingkai Taphrogenesis of Late Sinian‐Early Cambrian, and Emei Taphrogenesis of Late Permian), 2) hydrothermal fluid storage in clastic rocks with large thickness (e.g., Nanhua System of Chengjiang Formation and part of Doushantuo Formation), and 3) confining bed for hydrothermal fluids (such as, the shale in Qiongzhusi Formation). The supply of hydrothermal fluid is critical. Large basement‐rooted faults and associated grid‐like fracture system may function as the channels for upward migration of hydrothermal fluid flow. The intersection of the above‐mentioned faults (including the conversion fault), especially transtensional sags above negative flower structures on wrench faults can serve as a key target for future hydrocarbon exploration.
Adult outcome of juvenile idiopathic arthritis: A nationwide population‐based retrospective cohort study in Taiwan
Authors: Yong Su‐Boon , Huang Jing‐Yang , Chiou Jeng‐Yuan , Wei James Cheng‐Chung 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo clarify the development of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) to adult‐onset autoimmune diseases in a population‐based study in Taiwan.MethodsWe analyzed data of 107 433 children born between 1990 and 1997 from the National Taiwan Health Insurance Database. There were 262 JIA patients and 107 171 individuals without JIA who were selected and followed up until December 2013 to investigate their outcomes of adult‐onset autoimmune diseases after reaching 16 years of age. The adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) including 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of adult‐onset autoimmune diseases were calculated using the Cox proportional regression model among different age groups.ResultsThe incidence rate for patients with a history of JIA was 83.56 per 105 person‐months for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 16.61 for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 58.39 for ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and 33.26 for psoriatic diseases. The aHRs were 29.60 for any autoimmune disease, 129.52 for RA, 10.01 for SLE, 49.62 for AS, and 8.20 for psoriatic diseases. Compared with non‐JIA individuals, the aHRs of adult‐onset autoimmune diseases were 34.87 (95% CI: 4.85‐250.62) at the onset age of 3‐5 years, 12.01 (95% CI: 2.99‐48.26) at the age of 6‐10 years, and 45.80 (95% CI: 29.69‐70.64) at the age of 11‐15 years.ConclusionChildren with JIA were at an increased risk of developing RA, AS, psoriatic disease, and SLE in adulthood.
The Future Development of Schools of Public Policy: Five Major Trends
Authors: Knott Jack H. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractI argue that five major trends have affected the development of public policy schools. These trends include the rational bureaucracy approach of Max Weber and Woodrow Wilson, the application of behavioral and social science to administration with Herbert Simon and James March, as well as the more recent trends of the new public management's inter‐sector governance approach and anti‐government populism. As a result of these trends, schools in the United States typically fall into three categories: policy analysis schools, smaller public administration programs, and larger comprehensive and interdisciplinary schools. In my view, the most promising future for schools of public policy lies in the further development and expansion of these comprehensive schools, and this expansion is, in fact, necessary if we want to effectively and collaboratively address societal needs.
Cost‐efficient high throughput capture of museum arthropod specimen DNA using PCR‐generated baits
Authors: Knyshov Alexander , Gordon Eric R. L. , Weirauch Christiane 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Gathering genetic data for rare species is one of the biggest remaining obstacles in modern phylogenetics, particularly for megadiverse groups such as arthropods. Next generation sequencing techniques allow for sequencing of short DNA fragments contained in preserved specimens >20 years old, but approaches such as whole‐genome sequencing are often too expensive for projects including many taxa. Several methods of reduced representation sequencing have been proposed that lower the cost of sequencing per specimen, but many remain costly because they involve synthesizing nucleotide probes and target hundreds of loci. These datasets are also frequently unique for each project and thus generally incompatible with other similar datasets.

Here, we explore utilization of in‐house generated DNA baits to capture commonly utilized mitochondrial and ribosomal DNA loci from insect museum specimens of various ages and preservation types without the a priori need to know the sequence of the target loci. Both within species and cross‐species capture are explored, on preserved specimens ranging in age from one to 54 years old.

We found most samples produced sufficient amounts of data to assemble the nuclear ribosomal rRNA genes and near complete mitochondrial genomes and produce well‐resolved phylogenies in line with expected results. The dataset obtained can be straightforwardly combined with the large cache of existing Sanger‐sequencing‐generated data built up over the past 30 years and targeted loci can be easily modified to those commonly used in different taxa. Furthermore, the protocol we describe allows for inexpensive data generation (as low as ~$35/sample), of at least 20 kilobases per specimen, for specimens at least as old as ~1965, and can be easily conducted in most laboratories.

If widely applied, this technique will accelerate the accurate resolution of the Tree of Life especially on non‐model organisms with limited existing genomic resources.
Genome‐wide association study identifies markers associated with meat ultimate pH in Duroc pigs
Authors: Davoli R. , Zappaterra M. , Zambonelli P. 
Published: February 2019

SummaryIn this study we aimed to identify genomic regions associated with muscle pH, meat colour and water‐holding capacity in a population of 280 Italian Duroc pigs genotyped by the Illumina PorcineSNP60 v2 Genotyping BeadChip. After quality control, the remaining 32 597 SNPs and 278 subjects were used to perform a genome‐wide association study with the genabel package, using a kinship matrix in a model with the effects of sex, age and slaughter day. Bonferroni correction was applied, and the significant markers and regions were then further investigated to identify the nearest genes and the linkage disequilibrium (LD) between markers. Four markers (ASGA0082344, ASGA0095635, DBWU0000985 and CASI0005117) were significantly associated with ultimate pH (pHu); no significant association was detected for the other traits. The four significant variants, located from 16.841 to 17.643 Mb on chromosome 3, were found within or close to the sequences of the sulfatase modifying factor 2 (SUMF2), lysine acetyltransferase 8 (KAT8), serine protease 8 (PRSS8) and phosphorylase kinase catalytic subunit gamma 2 (PHKG2) genes. The four associated markers lie in two LD blocks, suggesting that the observed effect is related to mutations located in two regions: the first one where SUMF2 is mapped and the second one where genes KAT8, PRSS8 and PHKG2 are located.
Endophthalmitis in Oslo, Norway
Authors: Blom Kathrine , Jørstad Øystein Kalsnes , Bragadóttir Ragnheiður 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPurposeTo study the incidence, aetiology, pathogenic causes, treatment and visual outcomes of endophthalmitis (EO) at the Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital (OUS), Norway.MethodsRetrospective registry study. Medical records of all EO patients treated at OUS over a 2‐year period were reviewed.ResultsThe study identified 46 EO eyes of 44 patients; 19 eyes had postcataract surgery EO (PCE), and 6 eyes had postinjection EO (PIE). Of 4778 primary cataract surgeries performed at OUS, there was one PCE (incidence 0.21 per 1000; 95% CI 0.04‐1.19 per 1000). Of 38 134 intravitreal injections performed at OUS, there were 3 PIE (incidence 0.08 per 1000; 95% CI 0.03–0.23 per 1000). Among 15 751 cataract surgeries performed at other ophthalmic centres in Oslo and Akershus County (OOC), there were 15 PCE (incidence 0.95 per 1000; 95% CI 0.58–1.57 per 1000). Of 3000 intravitreal injections performed at OOC, there was one PIE (incidence 0.33 per 1000; 95% CI 0.059–1.89 per 1000). For neither PCE nor PIE, there were significant differences in odds ratios between OUS and OOC. The odds ratio for PCE versus PIE was, however, 8.0 (95% CI 2.7–24.0; p < 0.001). Cultures were positive in 35 of 46 eyes (76%). The most common pathogen was Staphylococcus epidermidis. Twenty‐two eyes (48%) achieved a clinically significant improvement in visual function (≥0.3 logMAR) following treatment.ConclusionThe overall risk of PCE and PIE was low. It was, however, higher for PCE than PIE, probably reflecting the relative difference in invasiveness between the procedures.
Letter: put on your thinking cap – tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for the prevention of vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus
Authors: Vyas Ashish K. , Jindal Ankur 
Published: February 2019

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Wang et al and Pan papers. To view these
articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15064 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15167.
Letter: double‐dose intensification—a quick way to reverse antibody formation and loss of response in patients treated with adalimumab. Authors reply
Authors: Ungar Bella , Ben Horin Shomron , Roblin Xavier 
Published: February 2019

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Ungar et al and Echarri et al papers. To view
these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13862 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15139.
Length of lags in responses of milk yield and somatic cell score on test day to heat stress in Holsteins
Authors: Hagiya Koichi , Bamba Ikumi , Osawa Takefumi , Atagi Yamato , Takusari Naozumi , Itoh Fumiaki , Yamazaki Takeshi 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe used daily records from provincial Japanese weather stations and monthly test‐day records of milk production to investigate the length of the lags in the responses of cows’ milk yield and somatic cell score (SCS) to heat stress (HS). We also investigated the HS thresholds in milk yield and SCS. Data were a total of 17,245,709 test‐day records for milk and SCS in Holstein cows that had calved for the first time between 2000 and 2015, along with weather records from 60 weather stations. Temperature–humidity index (THI) values were estimated by using average daily temperature and average daily relative humidity. Adjusted THI values were calculated by using temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and solar radiation. The model contained herd, calving year, month of test day, age group, days in milk, and THI as a fixed effect. THIs for each day from 14 days before the test day until the test day were used to represent the HS effects. The HS occurring 3 days, and between 8 and 10 days, before the test day had the greatest effect on the milk yield and SCS, respectively. The threshold THI values for the HS effect were about 60–65 for both traits.
Screen time and the development of emotion understanding from age 4 to age 8: A community study
Authors: Skalická Věra , Wold Hygen Beate , Stenseng Frode , Kårstad Silja Berg , Wichstrøm Lars 
Published: February 2019

Recent increase in children's screen activities has raised concerns that screen time may replace face‐to‐face interaction, and hence impair children's development of emotion understanding. This longitudinal community study of 960 Norwegian 4‐year‐olds, followed up at ages 6 and 8, examined bidirectional relations between screen use and emotion understanding. Results revealed that more screen time at age 4 predicted lower levels of emotion understanding at age 6. In addition, television in children's bedroom at age 6 forecasted lower levels of emotion understanding at age 8. The effect of TV watching on emotion understanding was gender moderated, with stronger effects of TV watching observed among girls, but no significant effects detected among boys. In contrast, gaming forecasted lower level of emotion understanding in boys, not girls. Results are discussed in the light of the importance of face‐to‐face interaction to preserve the development of social‐emotional competence among young children.
Statement of contribution

What is already known on this subject?

We know that children's screen activities correlate with poorer social competence and with decrease of the quantity and quality of interaction with parents and siblings.

The capacity to understand emotions in others is primarily learned through interaction with primary caregivers, but little is known how children's screen use influences development of emotion understanding.

What the present study adds?

We found that more TV watching among girls at age 4 predicted lower levels of emotion understanding at age 6.

Furthermore, TV in child's bedroom at age 6 forecasted lower levels of emotion understanding at age 8.
Computational insights into the interaction mechanisms of estrogen‐related receptor alpha with endogenous ligand cholesterol
Authors: Li Dongping , Cai Yingchun , Teng Dan , Li Weihua , Tang Yun , Liu Guixia 
Published: February 2019

AbstractEstrogen‐related receptor alpha (ERRα) has attracted increasing concerns. ERRα, orphan nuclear receptor, plays important roles in energy metabolism. Therefore, small molecule agonists of ERRα could be a potential therapeutic strategy in the treatment of metabolic diseases such as diabetes. Recently, Wei et al. identified cholesterol as the endogenous agonist of ERRα. However, the detailed molecular mechanism of cholesterol bound with ERRα remains ambiguous. Thus, in this study molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed to characterize how cholesterol affects the behavior of ERRα. Based on the results, we found that a proven residue Phe232 and others including Leu228, Glu235, Arg276, and Phe399 were key residues to ligand binding. A hydrogen‐bonding interaction between cholesterol and Glu235 ensured the orientation of the ligand in the binding pocket, while hydrophobic interactions between cholesterol and the above‐mentioned residues promoted the stability of ERRα‐cholesterol complex. In the presence of the proliferator‐activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC‐1α), the cholesterol‐ERRα interaction became more stable. Interestingly, we observed that cholesterol facilitated the binding of ERRα with its coactivator PGC‐1α via stabilizing the conformation of helix 12 and the interaction surface of ERRα/PGC‐1α. Overall, these findings would be valuable for the future rational design of novel ERRα agonists.
The feasibility of the Ages and Stages Questionnaire for the assessment of child development in a community setting in Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Merina , Strand Tor A. , Ulak Manjeswori , Chandyo Ram K. , Ranjitkar Suman , Hysing Mari , Shrestha Laxman , Kvestad Ingrid 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe Ages and Stages Questionnaire Third Edition (ASQ‐3) may be a feasible and cost‐effective tool to screen children's development in resource poor settings. We have assessed the feasibility of the ASQ‐3 “home procedure” when conducted by fieldworkers in a community‐based nutritional interventional trial on early child development in Nepal.MethodSix hundred children aged 6–11 months at risk of stunting were assessed by trained fieldworkers in their homes by the ASQ‐3. Three fieldworkers performed standardization exercises and were double scored with a gold standard during the study period. Intraclass correlations (ICCs) were calculated to measure the interrater agreement. The internal consistency was expressed by standardized Cronbach's alphas. The association between total ASQ score and gestation, low birth weight, and stunted children is presented to give an estimate of the construct validity of the tool.ResultMean scores of the 600 Nepalese children were consistently lower than in the American norm sample. The ICCs from the standardization exercises were initially good to excellent but declined throughout the study period. The standardized alphas for the total score in the different age groups indicate good internal consistency but varied in the subscales. Children who were preterm, children with low birth weight, and children who were stunted scored substantially lower on the total ASQ score than those who were not.ConclusionAlthough the ASQ‐3 “home procedure” is low at cost and easily accessible in a Nepalese context, the tool requires rigorous and stringent training to achieve acceptable interrater agreement. Further adjustment is required to achieve satisfactory internal consistency.
Promoting Compliance in Children Referred to Child Protective Services: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Lind Teresa , Bernard Kristin , Yarger Heather A. , Dozier Mary 
Published: February 2019

Early experiences of maltreatment have long‐term negative effects on children's compliance. This randomized clinical trial examined whether a brief preventative intervention (Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch‐up; ABC) was effective in enhancing compliance in children who had been referred to Child Protective Services. Participants included 101 parent–child dyads who received either ABC or a control intervention when children were infants (M = 9.4 months old, SD = 6.1). When children were approximately 36 months old (M = 38.5, SD = 3.0), ABC children demonstrated significantly better compliance than control children. Further, parent sensitivity, measured 1 month post intervention when children were, on average, 18.4 months old (SD = 6.9) partially mediated the effect of ABC on child compliance at 36 months old.
Childhood IQ predicts age‐38 oral disease experience and service‐use
Authors: Thomson William Murray , Broadbent Jonathan Mark , Caspi Avshalom , Poulton Richie , Moffitt Terrie E. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectivesGiven that people with higher intelligence have been shown to live longer, enjoy better health and have more favourable health behaviours, we investigated the association between childhood IQ and a range of important dental health and service‐use indicators at age 38.MethodsLong‐standing prospective study of a complete birth cohort, with childhood IQ (assessed at ages 7, 9, 11 and 13 years) used to allocate participants (N = 818) to one of four ordinal categories of childhood IQ.ResultsThere were distinct and consistent gradients by childhood IQ in almost all of the dental caries experience measures (with the exception of filled teeth) whereby each was most severe in the lowest child IQ category and least severe in the highest; the exception was the mean FT score, for which there was no discernible gradient. Indicators of self‐care and periodontal disease experience showed similar gradients, and multivariate modelling using the continuous IQ score confirmed the observed patterns.ConclusionsChildhood cognitive function is a key determinant of oral health and dental service‐use by midlife, with those of lower cognitive capacity as children likely to have poorer oral health, less favourable oral health‐related beliefs, and more detrimental self‐care and dental visiting practices by age 38. There is a need to shape dental clinical services and public health interventions so that people with the poorest cognitive function do not continue to be disadvantaged.