bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Catalytic conversion of ethanol into alkenes and acetaldehyde
Authors: Godová Nikoletta , Horváth Blažej 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Bioethanol is an example of a renewable energy source which can be produced not only by fermentation of simple sugars but also by depolymerisation of cellulose, as the second-generation feedstock, in the first step. This will help to further develop the bioethanol economy. Ethanol can be used as a promising platform molecule for the production of a variety of industrially important chemicals such as alkenes or oxygenates. Alkenes are produced industrially by petrochemical way mainly from crude oil, a non-renewable energy source. Conversion of ethanol to light olefins using an appropriate catalyst could replace the production of these key building blocks for the chemical industry. In this work, the focus is on the preparation and testing of heterogeneous catalysts in the transformation of ethanol to alkenes and acetaldehyde. In most cases, magnesia-based catalysts were used on a silica support during the experiment. Individual types of catalysts were compared in terms of yields of particular products, the effect of the feedstock load and that of calcination temperature of the catalyst on the catalytic activity are discussed. The highest ethylene yields (95 %) were achieved over an Mg-β-zeolite catalyst; the highest yield of 1,3-butadiene (29.1 %) was achieved in case of an Na/alumina catalyst; and the highest acetaldehyde yield (22.3 %) was achieved using a K-doped MgO/SiO2 catalyst.
Influence of relevant parameters on the extraction efficiency and the stability of the microdrop in the single drop microextraction
Authors: Zichová Silvia , Brisudová Adriána , Hrouzková Svetlana 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Single drop microextraction technique uses microamounts of organic solvents. Simplicity, low cost, low environmental impact, compatibility with chromatographic systems as well as its applicability to different matrices are main advantages of single drop microextraction. This technique has become frequently used for the extraction of a broad scope of compounds for numerous analytical applications. This review provides an overview of the existing single drop microextraction modes of realisation and the main scope is devoted to the optimization of parameters influencing the efficiency. The state of the art is discussed on the basis of examples selected from representative application areas. Extraction parameters for toxic organic compounds extraction and microdrop stability were evaluated.
Clinical and analytical experience of the National Poison Control Centre with synthetic cannabinoids
Authors: Vučinić Slavica , Kilibarda Vesna , Đorđević Snežana , Đorđević Dragana , Perković-Vukčević Nataša , Vuković-Ercegović Gordana , Antonijević Biljana , Ćurčić Marijana , Antonijević Evica , Brajković Gordana 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
A rising number of patients are being treated for overdosing with new psychoactive substances (NPS) available at the illegal drug market in Serbia. The aim of this study was to report clinical and analytical experience of the National Poison Control Centre of Serbia (NPCC) with synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) and point to the NPS available at the illegal drug market in our country. From January 2013 to December 2016, 58 patients (aged between 14 and 25) were treated for the effects of synthetic cannabinoids at the NPCC. Tachycardia was established in 53, mydriasis in 31, somnolence, nausea, vomiting, and agitation in 16, dizziness in 10, disorientation in 9, dyspnoea and chest pain in 4, and loss of consciousness, pallor, paraesthesia, muscle twitches, and short-term memory impairment in 2 patients. After receiving symptomatic and supportive treatment in the emergency ward, all patients had fully recovered within 8 h and were discharged shortly afterwards. Another part of the study was focused on the analysis of the products known under their local street names as “Biljni tamjan” (herbal incense), “Beli slez”, and “Rainbow Special” and the analysis of urine sampled from the patients with gas chromatography - mass spectrometry and high performance liquid chromatography. The detected synthetic cannabinoids were AB-PINACA, JWH-018, JWH-122, JWH-210, 5F-AKB48, and MDMB-CHMICA in herbal products and AB-FUBINACA, AB-CHMINACA, and MDMB-CHMICA in the urine samples. Our findings have shown the great capacity of NPCC to I) monitor NPS abuse in Serbia, II) reliably detect SCs in illicit products and biological samples, and III) clinically manage the adverse effects in their users. Future commitments of the NPCC will include systematic collection of relevant data on SCs and their adverse effects, detection of changes in purity and composition of the controlled NPS-based products, and raising the public awareness of NPS to improve the effectiveness of the national Early Warning System.
Oxidative stress in triazine pesticide toxicity: a review of the main biomarker findings
Authors: Semren Tanja Živković , Žunec Suzana , Pizent Alica 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
This review article provides a summary of the studies relying on oxidative stress biomarkers (lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in particular) to investigate the effects of atrazine and terbuthylazine exposure in experimental animals and humans published since 2010. In general, experimental animals showed that atrazine and terbuthylazine exposure mostly affected their antioxidant defences and, to a lesser extent, lipid peroxidation, but the effects varied by the species, sex, age, herbicide concentration, and duration of exposure. Most of the studies involved aquatic organisms as useful and sensitive bio-indicators of environmental pollution and important part of the food chain. In laboratory mice and rats changes in oxidative stress markers were visible only with exposure to high doses of atrazine. Recently, our group reported that low-dose terbuthylazine could also induce oxidative stress in Wistar rats. It is evident that any experimental assessment of pesticide toxic effects should take into account a combination of several oxidative stress and antioxidant defence biomarkers in various tissues and cell compartments. The identified effects in experimental models should then be complemented and validated by epidemiological studies. This is important if we wish to understand the impact of pesticides on human health and to establish safe limits.
Characterization of Inclusion Complexes between Miconazole and Different Cyclodextrin Derivatives
Authors: Kelemen Hajnal , Hancu Gabriel , Gâz-Florea Serban Andrei , Nemes-Nagy Eniko , Papp Lajos Attila , Mircia Eleonora 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Objective: Miconazole, an imidazole antifungal derivative, is a very hydrophobic compound, a major drawback in obtaining topical pharmaceutical formulations with optimal bioavailability. Cyclodextrins (CDs) may increase local drug delivery by enhancing the drug release and/or permeation. The aim of the study is the characterization of inclusion complexes between miconazole and different CD derivatives.

Methods: Several CD derivatives were tested in the experiments. The binary systems between miconazole and different CDs were prepared in 1:1 molar ratios by physical-mixture and kneading methods. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transformed-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) methods were used to characterize solid state interactions between miconazole and CDs in their binary systems.

Results: The FT-IR analysis suggests the formation of a new solid phase, indicating a molecular interaction between the components. The DSC analysis sustains the hypothesis of formation of partial inclusion complexes between miconazole nitrate and CD.

Conclusion: The thermic behaviour of the complexes depends both on the preparation method and the composition of the products.
An overview of statistical methods to detect and understand genotype-by-environment interaction and QTL-by-environment interaction
Authors: Rodrigues Paulo C. 
Published: July 2018

Summary
Genotype-by-environment interaction (GEI) is frequently encountered in multi-environment trials, and represents differential responses of genotypes across environments. With the development of molecular markers and mapping techniques, researchers can go one step further and analyse the whole genome to detect specific locations of genes which influence a quantitative trait such as yield. Such a location is called a quantitative trait locus (QTL), and when these QTLs have different expression across environments we talk about QTL-by-environment interaction (QEI), which is the basis of GEI. Good understanding of these interactions enables researchers to select better genotypes across different environmental conditions, and consequently to improve crops in developed and developing countries. In this paper we present an overview of statistical methods and models commonly used to detect and to understand GEI and QEI, ranging from the simple joint regression model to complex eco-physiological genotype-to-phenotype simulation models.
Information and communication technologies and teacher education in the new paradigms of higher education
Authors: Müller Mirella , Begović Ines , Baumgärtner Ralf 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Media use in the teaching process occurs in several forms. Information and communication technologies can be used as work equipment and teaching aids, as well as tools or curriculum units, particularly in higher education. Technological changes and new information technologies, in addition to substantive knowledge of the material, require from teachers creativity, knowledge, and the skills of the didactic design of teaching using modern multimedia tools. In Croatia, there is a lack of research aimed at assessing the initial state of computer literacy within the higher education institutions. The aim of this study was to determine the level of knowledge and digital competence of (non) teachers of higher education institutions in the Republic of Croatia, to determine the frequency of application of modern technologies in teaching, and to explain the necessity of implementation of the programme Multimedia training and e-learning at teaching faculties, which leads to the application of new educational paradigms. The study was conducted on a representative sample (N=1800) of (non) teachers of higher education institutions in the Republic of Croatia among various faculties and departments in Osijek, Split and Zagreb. The results show that (non) teachers of higher education institutions of engineering and information sciences have the best digital competences, and apply modern technology in research and scientific work significantly more than (non) teachers of social sciences and humanities.
Purchasing power parity in ASEAN+3: an application of panel unit root tests
Authors: Boršič Darja , Bekő Jani 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The paper assesses the existence of purchasing power parity (PPP) in ASEAN+3 economies taking into account EUR and USD as reference currencies. The research refers to the period from January 2000 to June 2017 and there are three points of view: we tested the period as a whole and then the pre-crisis period and the postcrisis period regarding the structural break due to the economic crisis. The evaluated economies include Brunei, Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam. A range of panel unit root tests are applied, covering the Levin, Lin and Chu test, the Breitung test, the Im, Pesaran and Shin test, the ADF-Fisher test and the PP-Fisher test. In cases where the unit root is rejected, the validity of PPP is confirmed. However, our results are ambiguous and depend on the selection of the base currency, the time period observed and on the choice of the methodology.
Influence of inosine pranobex on cell viability in normal fibroblasts and liver cancer cells
Authors: Tobólska Sylwia , Terpiłowska Sylwia , Jaroszewski Jerzy , Siwicki Andrzej Krzysztof 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Introduction
Inosine pranobex (Isoprinosine) stimulates cell-mediated immune responses to viral infections in humans and might have also therapeutic use in animals. The aim of this study was to compare three in vitro cytotoxicity assays on mouse embryo fibroblasts and liver cancer cells and determine their ability to detect early cytotoxic effects for inosine pranobex.

Material and Methods
BALB/3T3 clone A31and HepG2 cells were incubated with inosine pranobex at concentrations from 0.1 to 1,000 μg/mL. Cell viability was determined with the MTT reduction, the LHD release, and the NRU tests.

Results
A decrease in the cell viability was observed after incubating the BALB/3T3 clone A31and HepG2 cells with inosine pranobex.

Conclusions
Based on the cytotoxicity endpoints measured in these investigations in BALB/3T3 clone A31cells, it can be concluded that the cell membrane may be the first part of the cell to be affected by inosine pranobex. The disintegration of lysosomes and mitochondria follows mitochondria damage. In HepG2 cells likewise, the cell membrane may be the first part of the cell to be affected by inosine pranobex. Also in liver cancer cells, the disintegration of mitochondria (assessed with the MTT reduction assay) and next of lysosomes (assessed with the NRU assay) follows mitochondria damage.
Analysis of the Breathing Air Production Process for Hyperbaric Purposes
Authors: Woźniak Arkadiusz 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The quality of breathing air plays a key role in the safety of divers and hyperbaric facilities. Paradoxically, the change of regulations concerning quality requirements for breathing mixes has imposed the need for verification of the technical and laboratory bases used in their production and control. This article presents the results of research related to the rationalisation of the process of production and supply of breathing air for the purposes of hyperbaric oxygenation. The work was carried out using the SixSigma method.
The Knowledge of a Selected Group of Medical Students on Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy
Authors: Henrykowska Gabriela , Buczyński Andrzej , Lewicka Małgorzata , Zawadzka Magdalena 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
During the last decades, there has been a rapid development in the research and use of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO), and modern medicine is increasingly taking advantage of its beneficial effects. The aim of the study was to check the level of knowledge of future doctors (medical students) on hyperbaric oxygen therapy.
The survey was conducted among 240 students of the medical faculty (3rd and 5th year of study) of the Military and Medical Faculty of the Medical University of Lodz. The author’s questionnaire with forced-choice questions was used as research tool.
The students’ knowledge of hyperbaric oxygen therapy was varied and in some cases was not dependent on the year of study. It was observed that students’ knowledge of the subject matter depends on the number of teaching hours allocated to it.
A Model of OFDM based Maritime VHF Communication System for Data Exchange
Authors: Valčić Sanjin , Pogány Tibor , Mrak Zoran 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
In the maritime Very High Frequency (VHF) band, there are no systems for transmitting large amounts of data. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new systems that would modernize the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS), significantly relieve the Automatic Identification System’s (AIS) communication channels, and set guidelines for the development of communication infrastructure of the e-Navigation. In line with this, analytical and simulation models of the maritime VHF data transmission communication system using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) modulation are worked out in this paper. The achieved data rate, the spectral efficiency and the bit error rate (BER) represent validation parameters on which the results of the analytical and simulation models are evaluated. It is concluded that the application of the digital OFDM modulation in the maritime VHF band may improve the GMDSS system by achieving higher data rates compared to the current terrestrial mandatory systems for data exchange, i.e. Digital Selective Calling (DSC) and AIS.
ORALLY SWEETENERS BY SUCROSE 35% AND DEXTROSE 35% TO THE LEVEL OF PAIN DURING VENIPUNCTURE
Authors: Kusumaningrum Arie 
Published: July 2018

Introduction. Insertion a needle on the skin layer structure will impact to the neural responses of pain sensory receptors what make a pain’s sense to baby and make them would cry, struggle and irritable. That were inhibit the invasive process and aggravate the trauma in infants because of repeated procedures and hormonal responses that increase pain. The objective of this research was to know how difference orally sweetener administered by sucrose 35% and dextrose 35% to the level of pain during venous puncture. Method. There were three group in this study, the first one was the experimental group received oral treatment of 35% sucrose, the second was received 35% dextrose, and the last was control group. Data were analyzed by Mann Wheatney and Kruskal Wallis test. Results. The results showed there is no difference pain scale in control groups, sucrose 35% and dextrose 35% (p = 0.09). Discussion. There was lower pain in dextrose 35% group than the control group (mean = 5.8 to mean: 5.6). It was recommend for further investigation with a larger sample and measuring pain scale appropriate to the mice. Keywords: orally sweeteners, sucrose, dextrose, vein
BALANCE EXERCISE TO POSTURAL BALANCE IN ELDERLY AT PTSW KASIH SAYANG IBU, BATUSANGKAR
Authors: Lazdia Wenny , Amelia Sherly , Silviani Silviani 
Published: July 2018

Introduction. Elderly are the age group most at risk of impaired postural balance due to declining elderly or morphological changes in the muscles that cause functional changes in muscle strength and decreasing muscle contraction. Decreasing in postural balance due to decreased muscle strength can be improved by doing exercises that are useful to keep the muscle function and posture remains well one of them is balance exercise. The purpose of this study was to analyze influence of balance exercise to postural balance on elderly in PTSW Kasih Sayang Ibu Batusangkar. Methods. This research used a pre - experimental design one group pre - post test design with One Group Pre - Post Test Design. Population and sample of the study was elderly with impaired postural balance that met the inclusion criteria by using were purposive sampling techniques they were 41 respondents. This study was conducted from July to September 2013 in PSTW Kasih sayang Ibu Batusangkar. Measuring instruments used in this study is a questionnaire for the elderly demographic data and tools to measure the level of the elderly postural balance sheet observation Berg Balance Scale. Results. While the results obtained from the significant influence of postural balance elderly before and after exercise balance with p value 0.000 with a mean difference of 8,171. Discussion. Elderly with postural balance disruption suggest to do balance exercise to keep dynamic and static stability, so can increase quality of life. Keywords: Balance Exercise, Postural Balance, Elderly
CLASSROOM SIMULATION METHOD INCREASES NURSING STUDENT FAMILY-FOCUSED CARE COMPETENCIES IN FAMILY NURSING LEARNING PRACTICE
Authors: Kiik Stefanus Mendes , Mahathir Mahathir , Prasetyono Juli Dwi 
Published: July 2018

Nursing is a professional field that requires formal education and institutional learning experiences in acquiring specific expertise. Family nursing is one of the core science in nursing education that requires a specific approach in order to build a professional nurse-family relationship. Family-focused care education demand a broader understanding in providing care of the family as a unit system by the students to meet the family needs. Educators should choose effective and creative learning methods in teaching the important component of family-focused care. Classroom simulations is a method that considered to be able to accommodate the achievement of cognitive, psychomotor, caring and nursing process. This study was conducted to identify the effectiveness of classroom simulation learning methods to student family-focused care competencies using family-focused care competency assessment by Van Gelderen rubric. This research was conducted by quasi experimental pre and post with control group design. The sample size is done by hypothesis test two pairs population (numeric data) formula. The study was conducted on 34 respondent as a sample that showed significance increasing of the mean value after classroom simulation Man Whitney test (p = 0.000). It is sugested the application of clasroom simulation learning methods before the students perform nursing practice directly to the family. Van Gelderen rubric is an instrument which is able to assess the competence of family-focused care.Keywords : Simulation, classroom simulation, nursing education, family nursing, family-focused care.
OLD BEMORALTY (OLDER COMMUNITY BEING MORE HEALTHY) IMPROVEMENT EFFORTS THROUGH INDEPENDENCE ELDERLY POSYANDU BASED ON HIERARCHICAL CLASS SYSTEM OF ABRAHAM MASLOW
Authors: Hasinuddin M. , Yulianto Sofi , Suhron M. 
Published: July 2018

Introduction. Aging is a natural process in humans is accompanied by a decrease in the physical, psychological and social which interact with each other is known as the elderly. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the Elderly Posyandu using Abraham Maslow hierarchy of the class system of the elderly independence. Method. The design of this study was quasy experiment with post-test only with control group design. Data collection was performed using the independence of elderly people who modifi ed checklist sheet of cards to health (KMS) elderly and then test hypothesis test using independent t test with signifi cance level 0.05. Results. Statistical analysis showed the independence of the elderly for the treatment group obtained a mean value of 75.4615 and 60.8462 of the control group. Normality test as a condition of the t test showed the two groups has a normal distribution so as to know the difference between the independence of elderly people treated group and the control group were tested using independent t test with p value = 0.001 results < α (0.05). There was a difference in elderly independence between the treatment and control groups. Discussion. Need for innovative program to improve the independence of the elderly through the integration of health services through Posyandu modifi ed by taking into account the biological, psychological, social, and spiritual based class Maslow hierarchy. Keywords: Elderly, Posyandu, independence, Maslow