bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intravenous Drug Use in the Hospital Setting
Authors: Raynak Andrea , Wood Brianne , Mushquash Christopher , McLaughlin Brittney 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
People who inject drugs are likely to end up admitted to a hospital due to complications associated with substance use. While in hospital, many of these patients will continue the self-administration of nonprescribed drugs. When implemented without a harm reduction approach, self-administration can lead to an increase in the acquisition of infectious diseases, injection-related infections, and fatal and nonfatal overdoses. Often, administrators and providers use punitive approaches to manage this behavior among patients and providers. This abstinence-based approach has, and continues to, disproportionally impact structurally vulnerable communities. To mobilize the Truth and Reconciliation Commission's Calls to Action, Canadian hospitals must respond transparently and urgently to Indigenous peoples, patients, and communities. For example, First Nations, Inuit, and Metis people and communities living in Canada are significantly affected by the opioid epidemic, which can be traced back to the legacy of and continued colonialism and systemic discrimination in health care. Colonial policies and systems manifest as Indigenous populations experiencing a high prevalence of socioeconomic disadvantage and poor access to quality health and social services, on- and off-reserve. Clinicians must understand and receive cultural safety training to adequately care for Indigenous patient populations, as well as other structurally vulnerable populations. Additionally, Canadian hospitals should acknowledge and measure intravenous drug use in their organizations and take a harm reduction approach to mitigate associated adverse outcomes. Finally, hospitals should work with academic institutions to train, recruit, and retain Indigenous clinicians from diverse sociocultural backgrounds.
The Essential Components of Adult Critical Care Neuroscience Nursing Orientation: A Delphi Study
Authors: Vyas Marianne Beare , Bautista Cynthia , Daniels Lorin , Guanci Mary McKenna , Rhudy Lori 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Critical care neuroscience nursing is a specialized field requiring a complex knowledge base and unique clinical orientation. A comprehensive orientation for nurses new to this specialty can improve retention, performance, and satisfaction. Critical care neuroscience orientations are often hospital based and regionally specific, and lack a systematic approach. The aim of this research was to obtain expert consensus on the essential components of a 12- to 18-week critical care neuroscience nursing orientation. METHODS: A Delphi methodology was used to collect expert consensus on the components of a critical care neuroscience nursing orientation. Electronic surveys were distributed to 161 neuroscience critical care orientation experts in 2 Delphi rounds. Participant demographic data and a Likert rating scale (1–5) of literature-based components of a critical care neuroscience orientation were collected. Participants identified additional critical care neuroscience orientation components that were not included in the listed components in round 1 or round 2 of the survey. RESULTS: Round 1 of the survey had 38 responses (23.6%), and round 2 had 23 responses (14.2%). The round 1 survey included 47 elements, and 36 of 47 met the a priori threshold of ≥75% consensus of being important or very important. Two additional elements resulted from write-in recommendations. In round 2, 38 elements were included in the survey, and 37 of 38 elements met consensus. Expert consensus on the essential components of a critical care neuroscience orientation included 37 elements divided among 5 major components. CONCLUSION: Expert consensus was achieved on the essential components of a 12- to 18-week adult critical care neuroscience nursing orientation. Five components and 37 elements were agreed upon by expert consensus.
Assessing Adherence to Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Screening in Young Stroke Survivors
Authors: Palmisano Caitlin , O'Neal Madelyn , Bautista Mary Ann , O'Neil Carol A. , Fitzpatrick Suzanna 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background: Over 795 000 US people per year experience a stroke, and 10% are younger than 50 years. After a stroke, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) affects 10% to 30% of those patients and may compromise a survivor's secondary prevention compliance. At an inner-city clinic in Maryland where up to 300 young adult stroke survivors are followed, zero patients were screened for PTSD. A quality improvement project was implemented to screen for PTSD in a young adult stroke survivor clinic and to provide them with psychotherapy referrals and follow-up. Methods: Over 15 weeks in the fall of 2023, all patients presenting to the young adult stroke survivor clinic were screened for PTSD using the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-5 validated screening tool. Providers and medical staff were all educated on the tool before implementation. Results: During the 15-week implementation period, 72 patients presented to the clinic. Posttraumatic stress disorder screening was completed for 88.9% (64/72). Of those, 32.8% (21/64) completed the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-5 via the electronic health record, and 67.2% (43/64) completed it by in-person screening. Of the 64 patients screened, 12 patients screened positive for PTSD (18.8%, 12/64). Among those screening positive, 75% (9/12) were given a referral for psychotherapy. Conclusions: Literature reports that PTSD compromises stroke survivors' ability to optimize their health after a stroke. Screening identifies those experiencing symptoms of PTSD, providing an opportunity for referral and treatment. Results show that routine care of young stroke survivors can effectively include screening for PTSD.
Models to study myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukaemia
Authors: Chao Clifford , Martinez Isabella G. , Wagenblast Elvin 
Published: November 2024

Purpose of review
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are hematological malignancies characterized by complex genetic alterations, leading to poor clinical outcomes. Despite advances in treatment, there is an urgent need for novel therapeutic approaches. This review outlines recent progress in humanized models of MDS and AML and highlight their role in advancing our understanding of these diseases.

Recent findings
Patient derived xenografts (PDXs) were among the first humanized models for studying MDS and AML, allowing researchers to analyze patient-specific cancer properties in vivo. However, they face challenges related to sample availability and consistent engraftment in mice. New methods, including specialized mouse strains and human tissue scaffolds, have been developed to address these issues. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer the advantage of indefinite expansion and genetic modification, making them valuable for in vitro research, though protocols to enhance their engraftment in vivo are still being refined. Genetically engineered human primary hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) provide reliable in vivo models with good engraftment in mice, and recent advancements in culture systems and gene-editing techniques are helping to overcome challenges related to ex vivo expansion and genetic modification.

Summary
PDXs, iPSCs, and genetically engineered HSPCs are crucial models for the study of MDS and AML. This review discusses strengths, limitations, and recent advancements of these humanized models, which provide insights into human-specific disease biology and therapeutic development.
The Applications and challenges of artificial intelligence in nursing
Authors: Su Chunyan , Liu Yue , Zhou Xiaoshu , Tang Rongsong , Yang Min , Wang Jingpin , Zhang Siwei , Chen Zhiqian , Ma Xueqian , Wang Jing , Yu Miao , Zhang Heli , Hu Xianjing , Li Baohua 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The application of artificial intelligence (AI) is expanding rapidly in many fields. Over the past 40 years, AI has developed and diversified in many different areas of healthcare. Within nursing specifically, AI currently performs functions of information synthesis, clinical decision support, disease management, patient engagement, and augmenting human performance.This article aims to review the applications and effects of AI in nursing, examine the influence of AI on patient experience, patient safety, and nursing workflow, analyze the challenges faced, and provide suggestions for the further development of AI in nursing.
Association between a computerized, Self-administered cognitive assessment and phosphorylated Tau in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Aghaei Mina , Vahabi Zahra , Modarres Mohammad Hadi , Ebrahiminia Fatemeh , Khaligh-Razavi Seyed-Mahdi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntroductionAlzheimer’s Disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia, accounting for 80% of cases globally. With an aging population, AD poses a growing concern due to its increasing mortality rate and associated healthcare costs. Early diagnosis or prediction of AD is crucial for managing and potentially slowing its progression, particularly with the advent of disease-modifying therapies.MethodsThis study involved a total of 60 participants: 15 with mild AD, 23 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 22 healthy controls, comprising both males and females aged 50–85 years. Data collection included blood samples, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and the Integrated Cognitive Assessment (ICA). Serum phosphorylated tau181 (p-tau181) levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Linear regression models were applied to predict serum biomarker levels based on the ICA index, demographic data, and APOE ε4 status.Aims and ObjectivesThe primary aim was to examine the association between ICA scores and blood-based p-tau181 levels in individual with MCI, mild AD, and elderly healthy controls. Additionally, the study compared the correlation of ICA and MoCA with APOE ε4 status.FindingsThe study found that the ICA can significantly differentiate between diagnostic groups and that elevated serum p-tau181 levels are associated with cognitive decline, as measured by the ICA. Additionally, a significant correlation was observed between APOE ε4 status and cognitive decline, but not between APOE ε4 status and serum p-tau181 levels. Using a model that incorporates the ICA, demographic data, and APOE ε4 status, we were able to modestly predict serum p-tau181 levels, indicating the potential of combining cognitive assessment with biological markers for AD prediction.DiscussionThe findings suggest that ICA is a valuable tool in detecting cognitive decline associated with AD and correlates with increased p-tau181 levels. The significant correlation between APOE ε4 status and cognitive decline highlights its potential role in risk assessment, independent of p-tau181 levels. The study supports the use of a computerized, self-administered cognitive assessment in conjunction with blood-based biomarkers for early AD detection. Limitations include the small sample size and cross-sectional design, which restricts causal inference and longitudinal analysis. Future research should focus on larger, longitudinal studies to further validate these associations and their implications for early diagnosis and monitoring of AD progression.
Comparative transcriptomic profile reveals candidate genes manipulated by type III effectors ofPantoea agglomeranspv.betaeleading to gall formation in beet
Authors: Gupta Priya , Pasmanik-Chor Metsada , Zemach Hanita , Barash Isaac , Teper Doron , Sessa Guido 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPantoea agglomeranspv.betae(Pab) induces tumor-like galls in beet and gypsophila, a process mediated by the secretion of effector proteins viaPab’s type III secretion system (T3SS). The molecular mechanisms underlyingPab-induced gall formation remain largely unexplored. This study delves into the cellular architecture and transcriptional profile ofPab-mediated galls, comparing host responses to wild-typePaband a T3SS-inactive mutant,hrcC−. Morphological analysis using scanning electron microscopy and cross-sectional visualization of infected beet leaf tissues revealed thatPab-induced gall-like structures are linked to cell hyperplasia and tissue ruptures, contingent on T3SS activity. Comparative transcriptome analysis of wild-typePabandhrcC−Pab-infected beet leaves at 12 and 48 hours unveiled significant transcriptional reprogramming, with nearly 2,000 differentially expressed genes at 48 hours post inoculation. Enrichment analyses identified the upregulation of pathways related to signal transduction, defense, carbohydrate metabolism, and cell wall modulation in wild-typePab-infected leaves compared to controls. Particularly notable was the significant upregulation of numerous genes associated with cell wall loosening by wild-typePab, suggesting an initial rearrangement of cell wall architecture facilitates gall formation. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis demonstrated that wild-typePabsuppresses the expression of the betalain biosynthetic geneDOPA 4,5-DIOXYGENASE, leading to reduced betalain accumulation in infected tissues compared to the mutant strain. These findings offer fresh insights into the transcriptional and physiological manipulation of host tissue during the early stages ofPab-induced gall formation.
Tuberculosis Preventive Therapy for People Living with HIV in Mozambique: Eligibility, Completion, Coverage and TB Disease Rates, April 2021–March 2024
Authors: Respeito Durval , Varajidas Yagna , Mizela José , Nguimfack Alexandre , Tomo de Deus Maria Inês , Zindoga Pereira , Cowan James , Bila Erica , Jose Benedita , Sendela Gisela , Couto Aleny , Filipe Eudoxia , Templin Lindsay , Chilundo Sonia , Pathmanathan Ishani 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntroductionTuberculosis (TB) is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, especially in people living with HIV (PLHIV). TB preventive treatment (TPT) reduces the incidence and mortality of TB in PLHIV. As of March 2021, in Mozambique, only 40% (182,512/460,080) of those eligible had received a full course of TPT. The aim of this study is to describe the variation in TPT provision and the TB incidence in PLHIV in Mozambique from April 2021 to March 2023.MethodologyWe analyzed provincial reports with monthly and semi-annual aggregated data of TPT and TB Monitoring, Evaluation, and Report (MER) indicators of 591 Health Facilities supported by The U.S. Presidential Emergency Plan for Aids Relief (PEPFAR) at the national level. The analyses included the four following indicators: TPT eligibility, TPT completion, TPT coverage, and TB disease incidence rate. TPT data were analyzed using a MS Excel 365 database. Data were collected periodically and analyzed using tables and graphs with variation lines.ResultsTPT eligibility decreased by 75%, from 687,711 in April 2021 to 170,011 in March 2024. TPT coverage increased from 42% (489,905/1,177,616) in April 2021 to 89% (1,405,139/1,575,150) in March 2024. TPT completion rate also increased by 8%, from 81% (120,692/148,507) to 89% (104,690/117,764). TPT coverage increased by 47%, from 41% (489.905/1.177.616) in April 2021 to 89% (1.405.139/1.575.150) in March 2024. TB disease incidence rate among PLHIV decreased by 0,15%, from 0.65% (7,801/1,208,559) to 0.5% (7,974/1,592,102).ConclusionIn 3 years, Mozambique drastically increased the number of PLHIV who had received TPT, with almost 90% TPT coverage achieved among PLHIV through a system-wide multidisciplinary approach.
Endothelial RIPK3 minimizes organotypic inflammation and vascular permeability in ischemia-reperfusion injury
Authors: Johnson Charmain F. , Schafer Christopher M. , Burge Kathryn Y. , Coon Brian G. , Chaaban Hala , Griffin Courtney T. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTRecent studies have revealed a link between endothelial receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) and vascular integrity. During mouse embryonic development, hypoxia can trigger elevated endothelial RIPK3 that contributes to lethal vascular rupture. However, it is unknown whether RIPK3 regulate endothelial barrier function in adult vasculature under hypoxic injury conditions such as ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Here we performed inducible genetic deletion of endothelialRipk3(RipkiECKO) in mice, which led to elevated vascular permeability in the small intestine and multiple distal organs after intestinal I/R injury. Mechanistically, this vascular permeability correlated with increased endothelial secretion of IL-6 and organ-specific expression of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 adhesion molecules. Circulating monocyte depletion with clodronate liposomes reduced permeability in organs with elevated adhesion molecules, highlighting the contribution of monocyte adhesion and extravasation toRipkiECKObarrier dysfunction. These results elucidate mechanisms by which RIPK3 regulates endothelial inflammation to minimize vascular permeability in I/R injury.GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Deep Learning Unravels Potential Antibiotic-Resistance Drugs against Klebsiella Pneumoniae
Authors: Lin Peng , Zhou Jiali , Meng Sijun , Lei Zhihao , Jin Linxiao , Qiu Hesong , Xu Yingfan , Hsu Tsehao , Bu Yemei , Qin Glen , Zhang Wen 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundKlebsiella pneumoniae (KP) is a critical pathogen recognized by the World Health Organization due to its high mortality rates and resistance to antibiotics. Developing effective treatments for KP is essential to mitigate the growing threat of multidrug-resistant infections. This study leverages deep learning techniques to identify and validate potential drug candidates against KP, accelerating the drug discovery process and reducing associated risks.ResultsA comprehensive dataset was constructed, comprising 3,475 drugs selected from the DrugBank database, filtered for their potential efficacy and safety. Using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for drug-drug interaction analysis, a prediction accuracy of 72% was achieved. Evolutionary Scale Modeling (ESM) was employed to calculate molecular similarities between drugs and KP strains, identifying five promising candidates with structural similarities exceeding 85% to known KP targets. A drug repurposing knowledge graph (DRKG) further validated these findings, with the PairRE model outperforming other approaches in ranking potential drug candidates.ConclusionsThis study presents a scalable and efficient framework for identifying and validating drug candidates to combat antibiotic-resistant KP. By integrating deep learning models, molecular similarity analysis, and knowledge graph techniques, this approach shortens the drug discovery timeline from years to months. The identified candidates hold significant promise for preclinical and clinical testing, offering a pathway to effective therapies against KP and other multidrug-resistant pathogens.
Mediating effect of perceived risk on familiarity and purchase intention: an empirical analysis for private label apparels
Authors: Gandhi Madhuri , Ubba Savita 
Published: November 2024

PurposeThe current study aims to analyze the mediating role of perceived risk from private label apparels in between the familiarity and consumer purchase intention (PI).Design/methodology/approachExploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling techniques were utilized for evaluating the relationship between different constructs. Participants were given the opportunity for expressing their degree of approval or disapproval using a series of statements using a five-point Likert scale. For the purpose of the survey, a total of 400 participants were selected.FindingsThe finding highlights the mediating role of perceived risk between familiarity and PI of consumers toward private label apparels. When there is a mediator, the direct influence of familiarity on PI is absorbed.Originality/valueThis research aims to offer an understanding of buyer preferences in developing markets as well as providing suggestions for retailers and marketers on how to successfully promote and position private label apparel in such an environment through investigating the importance of familiarity with private label apparel. While doing so, it develops the premise that familiarity with private label apparel directly impacts perceived risk while indirectly impacting PI of consumers towards private label apparel.
Investigating the critical drivers of Fintech adoption to promote business sustainability of SMEs
Authors: Bhat Mohd Abass , Khan Shagufta Tariq , Alkhwaldi Abeer F. , Abdulmuhsin Amir A. 
Published: November 2024

Purpose
Under the integrated perspective of the Net Valence Framework (NVF) and Theory of Reasoned action (TRA), this research intends to examine the impact of drivers (perceived risks (PRs) and benefits) on FinTech adoption (FA) as well as on business sustainability (BS) of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Oman. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of drivers (perceived risks and benefits) on FinTech adoption (FA) and business sustainability (BS) of SMEs in Oman , under the integrated perspective of the Net Valence Framework (NVF) and Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA).

Design/methodology/approach
Primary data was collected from 402 owners and managers of SMEs in Muscat, Oman using a purposive sampling method. Structural Equation Modeling with Partial Least Squares was mainly applied to assess the PRs and perceived benefits (PBs) determining both FA and BS of SMEs.

Findings
The results indicate that PBs (economic, convenience, transaction efficiency) positively impact FA, while PRs (financial, legal, security, operational) act as deterrents toward FA. Both the benefits and risks significantly influence BS. FA itself fosters sustainability, and PBs directly enhance it through ease of use, cost reduction and knowledge acquisition. Conversely, PRs hinder sustainability due to concerns about skills gaps, security, social inclusion and environmental considerations.

Practical implications
The research forms a model capturing the pros and cons of FA of SMEs to provide stakeholders with ideas that would promote sustainability and drive fintech-based growth and innovation. For instance, by improving financial management efficiency, increasing market access and enhancing competitiveness, SMEs can adopt fintech solutions to support sustainable growth and achieve Sustainable Development Goals across the region’s economy.

Originality/value
The current research, through the lens of the NVF as well as TRA, explores the contribution of FA determined by PRs and benefits toward BS of SMEs in the context of Oman.