bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Continuation Electroconvulsive Therapy for Patients With Clozapine-Resistant Schizophrenia
Authors: Braga Raphael J. , John Majnu , Schooler Nina R. , Bailine Samuel H. , Malur Chitra , Mendelowitz Alan , Petrides Georgios 
Published: April 2019

Objectives
The risk of relapse after a successful acute course of treatment is a clinical challenge in electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) practice, particularly in patients with a history of marked resistance to previous treatments. Research suggests that a gradual decrease of ECT or its long-term continuation might be the best strategy. Notwithstanding, current studies do not address the role of continuation ECT in the truly refractory cases, that is, the clozapine-resistant patients. Our group published a randomized controlled trial of ECT augmentation of clozapine in clozapine-resistant patients with schizophrenia, where the augmentation was vastly superior in efficacy for the acute treatment. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the efficacy of continuation ECT for patients who showed response to the combination of acute ECT and clozapine for treatment-resistant schizophrenia.

Methods
Continuation ECT was offered to all patients who completed the acute study and who met response criterion. We followed a tapered schedule of 4 weekly ECT sessions, followed by 4 ECT sessions every 2 weeks and 2 monthly ECT sessions for a total of 10 sessions.

Results
Patients sustained the gains achieved with the acute course of ECT, and no individual patient presented with clinically relevant worsening of symptoms. Moreover, the long-term use of ECT was not associated with added adverse effects.

Conclusions
This is an open pilot study with a small sample size, and results should be interpreted accordingly, but this report offers a relevant starting point for much needed future studies.
Body composition and markers of cardiometabolic health in transgender youth compared to cisgender youth: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Nokoff Natalie J , Scarbro Sharon L , Moreau Kerrie L , Zeitler Philip , Nadeau Kristen J , Juarez-Colunga Elizabeth , Kelsey Megan M 
Published: April 2019

AbstractContextUp to 1.8% of adolescents identify as transgender and many more seek care, yet the impact of gender affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) on cardiometabolic health is unknown.ObjectiveTo determine insulin sensitivity and body composition among transgender females (TF) and males (TM) on estradiol or testosterone, compared to cisgender females (CF) and males (CM).DesignPilot, cross-sectional study conducted from 2016-2018.Setting. Academic regional transgender referral center.ParticipantsTransgender adolescents on either testosterone or estradiol for at least 3 months were recruited. Nineteen TM were matched to 19 CM and 42 CF on pubertal stage and body mass index (BMI). Eleven TF were matched to 23 CF and 13 TF to 24 CM on age and BMI.Main Outcome Measure(s)1/[fasting insulin] and body composition (dual-energy absorptiometry, DXA).ResultsTotal body fat was lower in TM than CF (29±7 vs. 33±7%, p=0.002) and higher than CM (28±7 vs. 24±9%, p=0.047). TM had higher lean mass than CF (68±7 vs. 64±7%, p=0.002) and lower than CM (69± vs. 73±8%, p=0.029). Insulin sensitivity was not different between the groups.TF had lower body fat than CF (31±7 vs. 35±8%, p=0.033) and higher than CM (28±6 vs. 20±10, p=0.001). TF had higher lean mass than CF (66±6 vs. 62±7%, p=0.032) and lower than CM (69±5 vs. 77±9%, p=0.001). TF were more insulin resistant than CM (0.078±0.025 vs. 0.142±0.064, p=0.011).ConclusionsTransgender adolescents on GAHT have significant differences in body composition compared to cisgender controls, with a body composition intermediate between BMI-matched cisgender males and females. These changes in body composition may have consequences for the cardiometabolic health of transgender adolescents.PrecisTransgender youth on gender affirming hormone therapy have differences in their percent fat and lean mass compared to cisgender (non-transgender) youth.
Re-configuration of Chromatin Structure During the Mitosis-G1 Phase Transition
Authors: Zhang Haoyue , Emerson Daniel J. , Gilgenast Thomas G. , Titus Katelyn R. , Lan Yemin , Huang Peng , Zhang Di , Wang Hongxin , Keller Cheryl A. , Giardine Belinda , Hardison Ross C. , Phillips-Cremins Jennifer E , Blobel Gerd A. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractHigher-order chromatin organization such as A/B compartments, TADs and chromatin loops are temporarily disrupted during mitosis. These structures are thought to organize aspects of gene regulation, and thus it is important to understand how they are re-established after mitosis. We examined the dynamics of chromosome reorganization by Hi-C at defined time points following exit from mitosis in highly purified, synchronous cell populations. We observed that A/B compartments are rapidly established and progressively gain in strength following mitotic exit. Contact domain formation occurs from the “bottom-up” with smaller sub-TADs forming initially, followed by convergence into multi-domain TAD structures. CTCF is strongly retained at a significant fraction of sites on mitotic chromosomes and immediately resumes full binding at ana/telophase, the earliest tested time point. In contrast, cohesin is completely evicted from mitotic chromosomes and resumes focal binding with delayed kinetics. The formation of CTCF/cohesin co-anchored structural loops follows the kinetics of cohesin positioning. Stripe-shaped contacts anchored by CTCF grow in length, consistent with a loop extrusion process after mitosis. Interactions between cis-regulatory elements can form rapidly, preceding CTCF/cohesin anchored structural loops. Strikingly, we identified a group of rapidly emerging transient contacts between cis-regulatory elements in ana/telophase, that are dissolved upon G1 entry, co-incident with the establishment of inner boundaries or nearby interfering loops. Our findings indicate that distinct but mutually influential forces drive post-mitotic chromatin re-configuration to shape compartments, contact domains, cis-element contacts, and CTCF/cohesin dependent loops.
Pan-genome analysis reveals the molecular basis of niche adaptation ofStaphylococcus epidermidisstrains
Authors: Su Fei , Tian Rui , Yang Yi , Zou Lihui , Xu Xiaomao , Chen Dongke , Zhang Junhua , Chen Xue , Xiao Fei , Zhao Gang , Li Yanming , Xu Hongtao 
Published: April 2019

AbstractStaphylococcus epidermidisis the most commonly isolated species from human skin and the second leading cause of bloodstream infections. Here, we performed a large-scale comparative study without any pre-assigned reference to identify genomic determinants associated with their diversity and adaptation as a “double-side spy”, a skin dominant colonization, and a successful pathogen. The pan-genome ofS. epidermidisis open with 435 core proteins and a pan-genome size of 8034 proteins. Genome-wide phylogenetic tree shows that whole genome sequence is a powerful tool to analyze the complex evolutionary process ofS. epidermidisand investigate the source of infection. Comparative genome analyses demonstrate the high diversity of antimicrobial resistances, especially mobile genetic elements. The complicated relationships of host-bacterium and bacterium-bacterium helpS. epidermidisto play a vital role in balancing the epithelial microflora. The highly variable and dynamic nature of theS. epidermidisgenome may be the result of its success in adapting to broad habitats, which is necessary to deal with complex environments. This study gives the general landscape ofS. epidermidispan-genome and provides valuable insights into mechanisms for genome evolution and lifestyle adaptation of this ecologically flexible species.
An English-for-specific-purposes motivated analysis of corporate sustainability reports
Authors: Saeli Hooman 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to shed light on corporate sustainability reports (CSRs). In doing so, a number of rhetorical moves were identified in such reports and the rhetorical purposes of those moves were investigated. The findings helped understand the corporations’ eco-ideologies and priorities.

Design/methodology/approach
A total of 12 CSRs from laptop-manufacturing companies were chosen. The CSRs then underwent data coding which led to the identification of rhetorical moves and sub-moves. The identified moves were then analyzed contextually to interpret the corporations’ larger-scale ideologies.

Findings
The findings identified a number of rhetorical moves. For instance, the corporations were shown to stress issues, such as resource management and waste management, in the CSRs. In addition, linguistic analysis of the CSRs indicated that the companies accepted their share in environmental issues and aimed to address such issues.

Originality/value
The present study is the first known attempt at analyzing the CSRs issues by laptop manufacturers. While some previous studies (Mason and Mason, 2012) have investigated the CSRs issued by a wide array of companies, no existing study has focused on tech companies.
The power of e-commerce
Authors: Hua Nan , Hight Stephen , Wei Wei , Ozturk Ahmet Bulent , Zhao Xinyuan (Roy) , Nusair Khaldoon , DeFranco Agnes 
Published: April 2019

PurposeThis paper aims to offer empirical insights on how investing in e-commerce capabilities affects the relationship between loyalty programs and hotel operating performance so as to aid in identifying proper resource allocation strategies.Design/methodology/approachThis study extended the model in Hua et al. (2015) by testing the interaction of e-commerce and loyalty programs.FindingsThe findings illustrate that proper allocation of company financial resources to e-commerce initiatives can help improve the impact of loyalty programs on hotel operating performance.Practical implicationsThe results of this study illustrate that hotel performance can be improved by the synergy between loyalty program and e-commerce initiatives. Thus, hotel managers and owners can use results from this study to improve the efficiency of their asset allocation strategies, with five practical implications offered.Originality/valueTheoretically, this study adapted and extended an integrative model of hotel operating performance (Hua et al., 2015) by identifying critical factors that elucidate the variance in firm performance. In addition, the moderating role of e-commerce provides a new conceptualization of information technology. Practically, this study makes several important contributions as well.
Water accounting knowledge pathways
Authors: Tingey-Holyoak Joanne , Pisaniello John D. 
Published: April 2019

PurposeThere are increasing demands on professional accountants in practice to generate water accounts for clients using knowledge from other disciplines within and outside their firms. Whilst many professional service firms have a broad range of in-house and consulting expertise, professional groups within and between these organisations may not be generating and sharing the knowledge required for successful water accounting. The purpose of this paper is to explore how additional disciplinary skills for water volumetric measurement, understanding of licensing and allocations can effectively and efficiently be shared between the disciplines required to be involved.Design/methodology/approachTwo cross-sectional semi-structured surveys developed using a social network lens were disseminated to Australian accountants operating in professional services firms, and the results were descriptively analysed.FindingsThe authors find that, whilst accounting and engineering are acknowledged as core disciplines for water accounting, there is a need for more standardised measures and frameworks across diverse scales to fit in with current reporting practices and meet stakeholder needs. These need to be nested in a water accounting regulatory model that includes the accountancy professional bodies as a platform for knowledge generation and sharing.Originality/valueThe paper provides evidence of perceived barriers to and pathways for interdisciplinary knowledge networks for a new type of accounting. It demonstrates how regulatory frameworks can potentially assist rather than impede accountants in their contribution to solving of complex corporate sustainability problems.
Upregulation of phosphoserine phosphatase contributes to tumor progression and predicts poor prognosis in non‐small cell lung cancer patients
Authors: Liao Li , Yu Huajian , Ge Mengxi , Zhan Qiong , Huang Ruofan , Ji Xiaoyu , Liang Xiaohua , Zhou Xinli 
Published: April 2019

BackgroundGrowing evidence indicates that high phosphoserine phosphatase (PSPH) expression is associated with tumor prognosis in many types of cancers. However, the role of PSPH in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of PSPH in NSCLC.MethodsOne hundred forty‐three patients with histologically confirmed NSCLC who underwent surgery were included. Quantitative real‐time PCR and Western blot were used to assess PSPH expression in paired tumor and corresponding adjacent non‐tumorous tissues. The role of PSPH in invasion and cell growth was investigated in vitro.ResultsCompared to adjacent normal lung tissues, PSPH messenger RNA and protein levels were significantly higher in NSCLC tissues, and the PSPH expression level was positively related to clinical stage, metastasis, and recurrence. High PSPH expression was predictive of poor overall survival. A549 cells transfected with small interfering‐PSPH showed inhibited cell migration, invasion, and proliferation. We further demonstrated that PSPH might promote the invasive capabilities of NSCLC cells through the AKT/AMPK signaling pathway.ConclusionOur results indicate that PSPH may act as a putative oncogene in NSCLC, and may be a vital molecular marker for the metastasis and proliferation of NSCLC cells by regulating the AKT/AMPK signaling pathway.
Performance of Oncomine Fusion Transcript kit for formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded lung cancer specimens
Authors: Sakai Kazuko , Ohira Tatsuo , Matsubayashi Jun , Yoneshige Azusa , Ito Akihiko , Mitsudomi Tetsuya , Nagao Toshitaka , Iwamatsu Emi , Katayama Jin , Ikeda Norihiko , Nishio Kazuto 
Published: April 2019

AbstractGene fusions play an important role in the carcinogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma. The recent association of four oncogenic driver genes, ALK, ROS1, RET, and NTRK1, as lung tumor predictive biomarkers has increased the need for precision medicine. We used formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded tissue samples of non‐small cell lung cancer from 150 EGFR mutation‐negative cases and 10 fusion status‐known cases and compared the performance of the Oncomine Dx Fusion Transcript Test (ODxFT) with FISH break‐apart for the detection of ALK, RET, and ROS1 fusion genes. RNA was extracted from the paraffin‐embedded tissue samples with or without macrodissection under hematoxylin and eosin staining, and the ALK fusion gene was independently determined using these assays. Fusion detection analyses were successfully carried out using ODxFT in 150 cases, with only one invalid case. ALK fusion genes were detected at a frequency of 7.3% (11/150) in the lung cancer specimens. Concordance rate between the ODxFT and ALK‐FISH analyses was 99.3% (148/149). Sensitivity and specificity were 91.7% and 99.3%, respectively. All the samples with a known fusion status were accurately matched between the two assays. Our results show a high concordance rate between the ODxFT and ALK‐FISH analyses. ODxFT was thus validated as an effective method for detecting clinically significant ALK fusion genes in paraffin‐embedded tissue samples.
Clinical significance of programmed death‐1 and programmed death‐ligand 1 expression in the tumor microenvironment of clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Mikami Shuji , Mizuno Ryuichi , Kondo Tsunenori , Shinohara Nobuo , Nonomura Norio , Ozono Seiichiro , Eto Masatoshi , Tatsugami Katsunori , Takayama Tatsuya , Matsuyama Hideyasu , Kishida Takeshi , Oya Mototsugu ,   the Japanese Society of Renal Cancer
Published: April 2019

AbstractRecently, immunotherapy based on blocking immune checkpoints with programmed death‐1 (PD‐1) or PD‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) Abs has been introduced for the treatment of advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), especially tumors resistant to vascular endothelial growth factor‐tyrosine kinase inhibitors (VEGF‐TKIs), but the significance of their expression in the tumor microenvironment is unclear. We investigated these immune checkpoint markers in tumor cells and tumor‐infiltrating immune cells (TIIC) in the tumor microenvironment of 100 untreated and 25 VEGF‐TKI‐treated primary ccRCC tissues. Upregulated expression of PD‐1 and PD‐L1 by TIIC, and PD‐L1 by tumor cells was associated with the histological grade and unfavorable prognosis of RCC patients. High PD‐1 and PD‐L1 expression by TIIC was associated with a poorer response to VEGF‐TKI, whereas PD‐L1 expression by tumor cells did not affect the efficacy of the treatment. Furthermore, increased PD‐1‐positive TIIC and PD‐L1‐positive TIIC were observed in tumors treated with VEGF‐TKIs compared with those in untreated tumors. Our data suggest that PD‐1 and PD‐L1 expression by TIIC in the tumor microenvironment is involved in treatment resistance, and that sequential therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors could be a promising therapeutic strategy for ccRCC resistant to VEGF‐TKI treatment.
Keratinized mucosa width is associated with severity of peri‐implant mucositis. A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Grischke Jasmin , Karch Annika , Wenzlaff Andreas , Foitzik Magdalena Marta , Stiesch Meike , Eberhard Jörg 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjectivesThis is a cross‐sectional study designed with the aim to assess associations between the width of keratinized tissue and peri‐implant mucositis.Materials and methodsTwo hundred and thirty one dental implants in 52 patients were evaluated. The width of keratinized mucosa (KM), plaque index (mPI), gingival index (mGI), bleeding on probing index (BoP), and the probing depth (PD) were measured clinically. Reduced KM was defined as a width of KM below 2 mm and 1 mm, respectively. In the primary analysis, data were analyzed on the implant level with the help of a generalized estimating equations (GEE) model. In sensitivity analyses, an adjusted linear mixed model was performed.ResultsForty four implants in 12 patients had less than 2 mm KM, and 187 implants in 40 patients had ≥ 2 mm KM. In the non‐adjusted analysis on the implant level, reduced keratinized tissue width was significantly associated with peri‐implant mucositis (OR 3.3, 95%‐CI (1.3–8.0), p = 0.009) and severity of disease (mean difference 2.5, 95%‐CI (0.8–4.2) p = 0.004). In sensitivity analyses, reduced keratinized tissue showed a significant association with severity of disease (OR 1.7, 95%‐confidence interval = 0.1–34, p = 0.040).ConclusionA reduced width of keratinized tissue around dental implants is a risk indicator for severity of peri‐implant mucositis. The overall tendency of the results indicates that a sufficient amount of KM may contribute to reduce risk for and severity of peri‐implant mucositis.
Assessing community readiness for early intervention programmes to promote social and emotional health in children
Authors: Islam Shahid , Small Neil , Bryant Maria , Bridges Sally , Hancock Nicola , Dickerson Josie 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjectiveEvidence for early intervention and prevention‐based approaches for improving social and emotional health in young children is robust. However, rates of participation in programmes are low. We explored the dynamics which affect levels of community readiness to address the issues of social and emotional health for pregnant women, young children (0‐4 years) and their mothers.SettingA deprived inner‐city housing estate in the north of England. The estate falls within the catchment area of a project that has been awarded long‐term funding to address social and emotional health during pregnancy and early childhood.MethodsWe interviewed key respondents using the Community Readiness Model. This approach applies a mixed methodology, incorporating readiness scores and qualitative data. A mean community readiness score was calculated enabling the placement of the community in one of nine possible stages of readiness. Interview transcripts were analysed using a qualitative framework approach to generate contextual information to augment the numerical scores.ResultsAn overall score consistent with vague awareness was achieved, indicating a low level of community readiness for social and emotional health interventions. This score suggests that there will be a low likelihood of participation in programmes that address these issues.ConclusionGauging community readiness offers a way of predicting how willing and prepared a community is to address an issue. Modifying implementation plans so that they first address community readiness may improve participation rates.
G‐protein coupled receptors and ligands that organize humoral immune responses
Authors: Lu Erick , Cyster Jason G. 
Published: April 2019

SummaryB‐cell responses are dynamic processes that depend on multiple types of interactions. Rare antigen‐specific B cells must encounter antigen and specialized systems are needed—unique to each lymphoid tissue type—to ensure this happens efficiently. Lymphoid tissue barrier cells act to ensure that pathogens, while being permitted entry for B‐cell recognition, are blocked from replication or dissemination. T follicular helper (Tfh) cells often need to be primed by dendritic cells before supporting B‐cell responses. For most responses, antigen‐specific helper T cells and B cells need to interact, first to initiate clonal expansion and the plasmablast response, and later to support the germinal center (GC) response. Newly formed plasma cells need to travel to supportive niches. GC B cells must become confined to the follicle center, organize into dark and light zones, and interact with Tfh cells. Memory B cells need to be positioned for rapid responses following reinfection. Each of these events requires the actions of multiple G‐protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and their ligands, including chemokines and lipid mediators. This review will focus on the guidance cue code underlying B‐cell immunity, with an emphasis on findings from our laboratory and on newer advances in related areas. We will discuss our recent identification of geranylgeranyl‐glutathione as a ligand for P2RY8. Our goal is to provide the reader with a focused knowledge about the GPCRs guiding B‐cell responses and how they might be therapeutic targets, while also providing examples of how multiple types of GPCRs can cooperate or act iteratively to control cell behavior.
Oxidation mechanisms of SiC‐fiber–reinforced Si eutectic alloy matrix composites at elevated temperatures
Authors: Tsunoura Toru , Yoshida Katsumi , Yano Toyohiko , Aoki Takuya , Ogasawara Toshio 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSiC‐fiber–reinforced binary Si eutectic alloy composites have been developed for aerospace applications using the melt infiltration method. In this study, the oxidation mechanisms of various binary Si eutectic alloys were evaluated at elevated temperatures. We suggest that the oxidation resistance of eutectic alloys could be predicted using the Gibbs energy change for the oxidation reaction. Based on these calculations, eutectic alloys of Si‐16at%Ti, Si‐17at%Cr, Si‐22at%Co, Si‐38at%Co, and Si‐27at%Fe were prepared. These alloys produced uniform SiO2 layers and showed the same oxidation resistance as Si at 1000°C under humid conditions. Therefore, SiC composites using Si alloys with excellent oxidation resistance can be predicted using thermodynamic calculations.