bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accretion-induced Collapse from Magnetic White Dwarf Binaries and Formation of Binary Millisecond Pulsars: Redbacks and Black Widows
Authors: Ablimit Iminhaji 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Redbacks (RBs) and black widows (BWs) are two peculiar classes of eclipsing millisecond pulsars (MSPs). The accretion-induced collapse (AIC) of an oxygen/neon/magnesium composition white dwarf (WD) to a neutron star has been suggested as one possible formation pathway for those two classes of MSPs. However, it is difficult to produce all known MSPs with the traditional AIC scenario. In this study by using the MESA stellar evolution code, we investigate the detailed pre-AIC evolution of magnetized WD binaries with the magnetic confinement model where the high magnetic field strength of the WD can confine the accreted matter in the polar caps. We find that the initial donor mass and orbital periods in our model can be lower than that of previous traditional AIC models. We also present post-AIC evolution models to form RBs and BWs with and without the spin-down luminosity evaporation of MSPs. Under the magnetic confinement model and evaporative winds (with corresponding angular momentum loss from the surface of the donor star), the companion masses and orbital periods of all known RBs can be covered and a number of binaries can evolve to become BWs.
Atomic Transition Probabilities for UV and Blue Lines of Fe ii and Abundance Determinations in the Photospheres of the Sun and Metal-poor Star HD 84937
Authors: Den Hartog E. A. , Lawler J. E. , Sneden C. , Cowan J. J. , Brukhovesky A. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
We report new branching fractions (BFs) for 121 UV lines from the low-lying odd-parity levels of Fe ii belonging to the z6Do, z6Fo, z6Po, z4Fo, z4Do, and z4Po terms of the 3d6(5D)4p configuration. These lines range in wavelength from 2250 to 3280 Å and originate in levels ranging in energy from 38,459 to 47,626 cm−1. In addition, we report BFs for 10 weak blue lines connecting to the z4Do term that range in wavelength from 4173 to 4584 Å. The BFs are combined with radiative lifetimes from the literature to determine transition probabilities and log(gf) values. Comparison is made to selected experimental and theoretical data from the literature. Our new data are applied to iron abundance determinations in the Sun and in metal-poor star HD 84937. For the Sun, eight blue lines yield log ε(Fe) = 7.46 ± 0.03, in agreement with standard solar abundance estimates. For HD 84937 the observable wavelength range extends to the vacuum UV (λ ≥ 2327 Å), and from 75 lines we derive log ε(Fe) = 5.26 ± 0.01 (σ = 0.07), near to the metallicity estimates of past HD 84937 studies.
Is Traditional Chinese Medicine Use Associated with Worse Patient-reported Outcomes among Chinese American Rheumatology Patients?
Authors: Sun Kai , Szymonifka Jackie , Tian Henghe , Chang Yaju , Leng Jennifer C. , Mandl Lisa A. 
Published: August 2019

Objective.Chinese Americans are a fast-growing immigrant group with more severe rheumatic disease manifestations than whites and often a strong cultural preference for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). We aimed to examine TCM use patterns and association with patient-reported outcomes (PRO) among Chinese American rheumatology patients.Methods.Chinese Americans actively treated for systemic rheumatic diseases were recruited from urban Chinatown rheumatology clinics. Data on sociodemographics, acculturation, clinical factors, and TCM use (11 modalities) were gathered. Self-reported health status was assessed using Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) short forms. TCM users and nonusers were compared. Factors independently associated with TCM use were identified using multivariable logistic regression.Results.Among 230 participants, median age was 57 years (range 20–97), 65% were women, 71% had ≤ high school education, 70% were on Medicaid insurance, 47% lived in the United States for ≥ 20 years, and 22% spoke English fluently. Half used TCM in the past year; these participants had worse self-reported anxiety, depression, fatigue, and ability to participate in social roles and activities compared with nonusers. In multivariable analysis, TCM use was associated with belief in TCM, female sex, ≥ 20 years of US residency, reporting Western medicine as ineffective, and shorter rheumatic disease duration.Conclusion.Among these Chinese American rheumatology patients, TCM users had worse PRO in many physical and mental health domains. TCM use may be a proxy for unmet therapeutic needs. Asking about TCM use could help providers identify patients with suboptimal health-related quality of life who may benefit from targeted interventions.
Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Acquire Sustainable Skills for Home Monitoring: A Prospective Dual-country Cohort Study (ELECTOR Clinical Trial I)
Authors: Skougaard Marie , Bliddal Henning , Christensen Robin , Ellegaard Karen , Nielsen Sabrina M. , Zavada Jakub , Oreska Sabina , Krogh Niels S. , Holm Christian C. , Hetland Merete L. , Vencovsky Jiri , Røgind Henrik , Taylor Peter C. , Gudbergsen Henrik 
Published: August 2019

Objective.In an eHealth setting, to investigate intra- and interrater reliability and agreement of joint assessments and Disease Activity Score using C-reactive protein (DAS28-CRP) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and test the effect of repeated joint assessment training.Methods.Patients with DAS28-CRP ≤ 5.1 were included in a prospective cohort study (clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02317939). Intrarater reliability and agreement of patient-performed joint counts were assessed through completion of 5 joint assessments over a 2-month period. All patients received training on joint assessment at baseline; only half of the patients received repeated training. A subset of patients was included in an appraisal of interrater reliability and agreement comparing joint assessments completed by patients, healthcare professionals (HCP), and ultrasonography. Cohen’s κ coefficients and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were used for quantifying of reliability of joint assessments and DAS28-CRP. Agreement was assessed using Bland-Altman plots.Results.Intrarater reliability was excellent with ICC of 0.87 (95% CI 0.83–0.90) and minimal detectable change of 1.13. ICC for interrater reliability ranged between 0.69 and 0.90 (good to excellent). Patients tended to rate DAS28-CRP slightly higher than HCP. In patients receiving repeated training, a mean difference in DAS28-CRP of −0.08 was observed (limits of agreements of −1.06 and 0.90). After 2 months, reliability between patients and HCP was similar between groups receiving single or repeated training.Conclusion.Patient-performed assessments of joints and DAS28-CRP in an eHealth home-monitoring solution were reliable and comparable with HCP. Patients can acquire the necessary skills to conduct a correct joint assessment after initial and thorough training. [clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02317939)]
Evaluation of Operating Room Learning Environment for UAE Obstetrics and Gynecology Residents Using STEEM
Authors: Ramsi Ebtehal Al , Gami Neha 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT

Background
The quality of the learning environment in the operating room (OR) is vital for the training of surgical residents. Tools with validity evidence exist to measure resident perceptions of the operative learning environment, yet to date no studies have assessed this environment for obstetrics and gynecology residency programs in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).

Objective
We explored perceptions of obstetrics and gynecology residents regarding their operative learning environment in 2 hospitals in Abu Dhabi, UAE.

Methods
Our cross-sectional study was conducted in 2018 using the validated Surgical Theater Educational Environmental Measure (STEEM) questionnaire for trainee assessments in the OR learning environment. The 4 STEEM subscales measure teaching and training, learning opportunities, overall atmosphere, and supervision, workload, and support, respectively. Cronbach's alpha and intraclass correlation were used to establish the internal consistence and reliability of the questionnaire. We calculated an overall score and compared scores between the 2 institutions using Student's t test.

Results
Thirty-one residents completed the questionnaire (18 at Corniche Hospital and 13 at Al Ain Hospital). The overall average STEEM score was 142.1. The score for residents at Corniche Hospital was 134.9 and that for Al Ain Hospital was 152.2, with better overall scores on 3 STEEM domains at Al Ain Hospital.

Conclusions
Our study showed that obstetrics and gynecology residents in the UAE have a positive perception of their operative learning environment. We also identified areas for improvement.
Postgraduate Medical Education in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review Spanning 26 Years and Lessons Learned
Authors: Talib Zohray , Narayan Lalit , Harrod Thomas 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT

Background
Investments in training physician specialists through postgraduate medical education (PGME) are critical for Sub-Saharan Africa, given the increasing burden of non-communicable diseases.

Objectives
The objectives of this scoping review were to (1) understand the breadth of publications on PGME from Sub-Saharan Africa, and (2) conduct a thematic analysis of lessons learned by specific training programs.

Methods
We conducted a literature search of 7 databases for PGME literature published between January 1991 and December 2016. Two reviewers independently reviewed titles and abstracts for inclusion. Full-text articles were then reviewed, and bibliometric data were extracted to create a profile of PGME-related publications. Two authors coded the manuscripts to identify articles written about specific PGME programs. These were analyzed for lessons learned.

Results
We identified 813 publications that reported on postgraduate medical education in Sub-Saharan Africa. Most articles were published between 2005 and 2016. Nations leading in publication were South Africa and Nigeria, followed by Ethiopia, Uganda, Kenya, Ghana, and Malawi. The largest number of articles related to general surgery training, followed by family medicine, emergency medicine, and anesthesiology. Thematic analysis revealed advantages of training programs for health facilities, challenges related to teaching, resourcing, and standardizing of training, and lessons learned related to international partnerships, faculty engagement, and research support for trainees.

Conclusions
PGME in Sub-Saharan Africa has evolved over the past 26 years. Future growth will require strategic support to scale programs, support new specialties, trainees, and teachers, and leverage best practice models to sustain PGME programs.
Characteristics, Trends, and Factors Associated With Publication Among Residents of Oman Medical Specialty Board Programs
Authors: Al-Busaidi Ibrahim S. , Al-Shaqsi Sultan Z. , Al-Alawi Awatif K. , Al-Sinani Siham , Al-Kashmiri Ammar 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT

Background
Research during residency is associated with better clinical performance, improved critical thinking, and increased interest in an academic career.

Objective
We examined the rate, characteristics, and factors associated with research publications by residents in Oman Medical Specialty Board (OMSB) programs.

Methods
We included residents enrolled in 18 OMSB residency programs between 2011 and 2016. Resident characteristics were obtained from the OMSB Training Affairs Department. In April 2018, MEDLINE and Google Scholar databases were searched independently by 2 authors for resident publications in peer-reviewed journals using standardized criteria.

Results
Over the study period, 552 residents trained in OMSB programs; 64% (351 of 552) were female, and the mean age at matriculation was 29.4 ± 2.2 years. Most residents (71%, 393 of 552) were in the early stages of specialty training (R ≤ 3) and 49% (268 of 552) completed a designated research block as part of their training. Between 2011 and 2016, 43 residents published 42 research articles (range, 1–5 resident authors per article), for an overall publication rate of 8%. Residents were the first authors in 20 (48%) publications. Male residents (odds ratio [OR] = 2.07; P = .025, 95% CI 1.1–3.91) and residents who completed a research block (OR = 2.57; P = .017, 95% CI 1.19–5.57) were significantly more likely to publish.

Conclusions
Research training during residency can result in tangible research output. Future studies should explore barriers to publication for resident research and identify interventions to promote formal scholarly activity during residency.
The Positive Effects of Accreditation on Graduate Medical Education Programs in Singapore
Authors: Holt Kathleen D. , Miller Rebecca S. , Byrne Lauren M. , Day Susan H. 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT

Background
There is worldwide interest in assessing the impact of accreditation systems to quantify their benefits to medical education and, through this, health care at the local and global levels.

Objective
We analyzed ACGME-I Resident Survey data from Singapore for 2011–2018 to assess the impact of accreditation on residents' evaluations of their programs.

Methods
We focused on 7 questions from the annual Resident Survey, which would be affected by accreditation compliance, along with a single global rating of respondents' overall perception of their program. We assessed for differences among specialty groupings (medical, surgical, and hospital-based) and Singapore's 3 health care systems. Repeated measures analysis of variance procedures was used to assess trends across time for the combined 8 items and each individual item.

Results
Analysis of the combined items showed significant improvement over the 7 years Singaporean programs had accreditation. There were no effects for specialty type or sponsoring institution. Analyses of individual questions showed 6 of 8 were significant for improvement. For the individual question related to duty hour compliance, there was a significant interaction between time and specialty, suggesting medical specialties showed greater improvement across time compared to surgical and hospital-based specialties.

Conclusions
Implementation of accreditation in Singapore provided educational and clinical learning environment infrastructure not present prior to 2010, with the benefits of this reflected in residents' perceptions of their learning environment. Future assessments of the effects of accreditation might add stakeholder interviews to more fully describe its value and impact.
Balm in Gilead: religious soothing from the furnace of the Nigeria-Biafra War and Igbo Pentecostal expressions
Authors: Nwadialor Kanayo 
Published: August 2019

Pentecostalism in recent times has become a crucial phenomenon exerting a great influence on the religious, social and cultural life of the Igbo. This is traceable to the social-economic and psychological conditions that prevailed in Igboland during and immediately after the Nigeria-Biafra war. Most of the existing literature on the war seem to be focused on its economic and social consequences with little or no serious attention given to religious yearnings from the furnace of the war particular the growth of Pentecostalism in Igboland. Furthermore, the war appears to be majorly seen by historians from the perspective of the international diplomatic ties between Nigeria and the international communities, without looking inwards to its religious implications. It is on the strength of the above lacuna that this research work was conceived. The study was anchored on the empirical theory of divine intervention as propounded by Thomas Aquinas and observed that disillusionment, poverty and depression that naturally followed the war could not be resolved by the programme of reintegration, reconciliation and reconstruction of the federal government. Similarly, the Igbo people appeared to have lost confidence in the potency of their traditional religious practices as well as the sincerity of the harbingers of mission Christianity, which created an atmosphere of a new religious demand that enhanced evangelization and Pentecostal growth. Like the post slave trade, the post war Igboland saw a balm in Gilead from the soothing messages of the Pentecostal movements that promised to heal the wounds of the war. Pentecostalism offered hope, absolute reliance on the divine will on matters of marginalization, poverty and disillusionments that compounded the tragic incidence of the war.
The Quaternary sequence of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania: areas of specific interest and ongoing investigations
Authors: Börner Andreas , Gehrmann Anna , Hüneke Heiko , Kenzler Michael , Lorenz Sebastian 
Published: August 2019

Abstract. This paper aims to combine the knowledge of more than 100 years of Quaternary research in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (Geinitz,
1922; Deecke, 1907; Schulz, 1967, 1971; von Bülow, 2000; Rühberg et
al., 1995; Müller et al., 1995; Katzung, 2004; Kenzler et al.,
2015, 2018) including a summary of the areas of specific interest, a general
overview of the most recent scientific results and of the ongoing
investigations presented during the Field Symposium of the INQUA PeriBaltic
Working Group 2019.
Using an alternate reality game to facilitate student engagement during orientation
Authors: Glencross Sarah , Elsom Sandra , Westacott Marguerite , Stieler-Hunt Colleen 
Published: August 2019

An alternate reality game was designed to facilitate transition and engagement amongst students commencing a tertiary preparation program at a regional university in Australia. The design of the game was informed by a student engagement framework which proposes four psychosocial constructs which mediate engagement at the intersection between student and institutional influences: self-efficacy, belonging, well-being, and emotion. The 108 participants completed a survey which measured these constructs prior to the commencement of the game. Game players (n = 13) were surveyed again immediately after the game. The results of statistical analysis indicated that game players reported a greater sense of well-being and more positive emotions than the group surveyed before the game.
Volume 10 Issue 2 2019
Authors: Nelson Karen , Creagh Tracy 
Published: August 2019

We were pleased to hold the 2019 Students, Transitions, Achievement, Retention and Success (STARS) Conference in Melbourne, Australia as a celebration of the fifth anniversary of one of Australasia’s most welcoming and collegial academic communities of practice. This year’s Conference confirmed that STARS is now firmly established as a collaborative and inclusive annual event for tertiary educators and leaders. Delegates —a mix of professional, academic and administrative practitioners and leaders—attended and participated in a range of presentations and activities which included, refereed papers, Good Practice Reports and Emerging Initiatives, along with Poster presentations and the STARS Network meetings.
Variation in denitrifying bacterial communities along a primary succession in the Hailuogou Glacier retreat area, China
Authors: Bai Yan , Huang Xiying , Zhou Xiangrui , Xiang Quanju , Zhao Ke , Yu Xiumei , Chen Qiang , Jiang Hao , Nyima Tashi , Gao Xue , Gu Yunfu 
Published: August 2019

Background
The Hailuogou Glacier is located at the Gongga Mountain on the southeastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau, and has retreated continuously as a result of global warming. The retreat of the Hailuogou Glacier has left behind a primary succession along soil chronosequences. Hailuogou Glacier’s retreated area provides an excellent living environment for the colonization of microbes and plants, making it an ideal model to explore plant successions, microbial communities, and the interaction of plants and microbes during the colonization process. However, to date, the density of the nitrogen cycling microbial communities remain unknown, especially for denitrifiers in the primary succession of the Hailuogou Glacier. Therefore, we investigated the structural succession and its driving factors for denitrifying bacterial communities during the four successional stages (0, 20, 40, and 60 years).

Methods
The diversity, community composition, and abundance of nosZ-denitrifiers were determined using molecular tools, including terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism and quantitative polymerase chain reactions (qPCR).

Results
nosZ-denitrifiers were more abundant and diverse in soils from successional years 20–60 compared to 0–5 years, and was highest in Site3 (40 years). The denitrifying bacterial community composition was more complex in older soils (40–60 years) than in younger soils (≤20 years). The terminal restriction fragments (T-RFs) of Azospirillum (90 bp) and Rubrivivax (95 bp) were dominant in soisl during early successional stages (0–20 years) and in the mature phase (40–60 years), respectively. Specific T-RFs of Bradyrhizobium (100 bp) and Pseudomonas (275 bp) were detected only in Site3 and Site4, respectively. Moreover, the unidentified 175 bp T-RFs was detected only in Site3. Of the abiotic factors that were measured in this study, soil available phosphorus, available potassium and denitrifying enzyme activity (DEA) correlated significantly with the community composition of nosZ-denitrifiers (P < 0.05 by Monte Carlo permutation test within RDA analysis).