bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a validated spectrofluorimetric method for assay of sotalol hydrochloride in tablets and human plasma: application for stability-indicating studies
Authors: Ibrahim Fawzia A. , El-Brashy Amina M. , El-Awady Mohamed I. , Abdallah Nora. A. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe native fluorescence of sotalol hydrochloride (SOT) was used as a basis for establishing a new method of analysis for SOT in tablets and spiked human plasma. The fluorescence of SOT in water was measured at 310 nm when excited at 235 nm. The detection limit (LOD) was 0.37 ng/mL and the quantification limit (LOQ) was 1.08 ng/mL. The proposed method offers high sensitivity which permits determination of SOT, even if present in a very small amount, in human plasma. The obtained results were successfully compared to that of a reference pharmacopeial method and statistical analysis proved a good agreement between the results of both methods. Further investigation of the SOT stability upon exposure to various stress conditions, such as acidic, alkaline, oxidative and photolytic degradation conditions was also performed. The kinetics of acidic, alkaline and oxidative degradation of the drug showed a pseudo first order degradation reaction. A proposal of the degradation pathway was suggested and confirmed by developing a thin layer chromatographic method used for separation of SOT and its acidic and alkaline degradation products.
Topological Indices of Hyaluronic Acid-Paclitaxel Conjugates’ Molecular Structure in Cancer Treatment
Authors: Zheng Lina , Wang Yiqiao , Gao Wei 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA large number of medical experiments have confirmed that the features of drugs have a close correlation with their molecular structure. Drug properties can be obtained by studying the molecular structure of corresponding drugs. The calculation of the topological index of a drug structure enables scientists to have a better understanding of the physical chemistry and biological characteristics of drugs. In this paper, we focus on Hyaluronic Acid-Paclitaxel conjugates which are widely used in the manufacture of anticancer drugs. Several topological indices are determined by virtue of the edge-partition method, and our results remedy the lack of medicine experiments, thus providing a theoretical basis for pharmaceutical engineering.
Thermodynamic properties of the bubble growth process in a pool boiling of water-ethanol mixture two-component system
Authors: Sattari Mohammad , Mahdavian Leila 
Published: March 2019

AbstractSaturated pool boiling in a two-component water-ethanol solution was studied at a pressure of one atmosphere in a horizontal stainless steel cylinder. Solutions with volumes of 3%, 7%, and 12% of water-ethanol solution were examined at a heat flux of 1.8 to 60 kW/m2. Videos and photos were analyzed and changes in bubble diameter, growth, and departure parameters were recorded. The results showed that the bubble departure diameters increased with increasing heat flux, but diameters decrease with increasing ethanol mass fraction. The experimental data are evaluated with two models of Alavi Fazel and Hamzehkhani’s model, have better fitting with Hamzehkhani’s model.
Characteristics of Stable Hydrogen and Oxygen Isotopes of Soil Moisture under Different Land Use in Dry Hot Valley of Yuanmou
Authors: Han Jiao-Jiao , Duan Xu , Zhao Yang-Yi , Li Meng 
Published: March 2019

AbstractSoil moisture, stable hydrogen, and oxygen isotopes were sampled and determined in a demonstration area of soil and moisture conservation at the Laocheng Town of Yuanmou County in Chuxiong Prefecture, Yunnan of three land use types:LeucaenaBenth artificial forest,Heteropogon contortusgrass field, and farmland. The characteristics of stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes of soil moisture in these different land use types at different soil depths were analyzed to investigate the regularities in the quantitative formation of soil moisture balance. In terms of forest land, we found that the variable coefficient of hydrogen isotopes in the 0-20 cm soil layer was the smallest, but decreased with depth under 20 cm. While in grassland, the variable coefficient in 80-100 cm was the largest, and decreased with depth above 80 cm. As for farmland, the variable coefficient in the top 20 cm was the largest, followed by 40-60 cm, and the medium 20-40 cm was the smallest. The soil moisture hydrogen isotope values of three land use type were different at surface layer, but prone to be consistent in each type. Along the soil depth in forest land, the hydrogen isotope increased first and then decreased, while increased in the end, and the maximum appeared in 80-100 cm. In grassland, the hydrogen isotope increased initially as the forest land but then decreased continuously, so the maximum was found at 20-40 cm. And in grassland, the hydrogen isotope of all depths were higher than which of forest land and farmland. In same land use type, the hydrogen isotope of soil moisture changed significantly at the surface, and the variation of hydrogen isotopes was obviously decreased along the depth. Our findings could provide reference data which would contribute to the assessment of regional groundwater resources in the dry-hot valley of Yuanmou in this study.
Foundations of the Theory of Signs (1938)
Authors: Jia Hongwei 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
“Foundations of the theory of signs,” published by Charles W. Morris in 1938, deals with the relations between semiotics and science, and those between semiosis and semiotics, among others. Compared with previous research regarding the aspects of semiotics being meta-science, the three dimensions of semiosis, semiotic as organon of the sciences, etc., this article does push forward the development of linguistics and semiotics since the late 1930s. However, its discussions on semiotics being meta-science, the nature and classification of signs, the three dimensions of semiosis, organism in the sign relations, universals and universality of signs, and thing-language are either not logically rigid or inadequate in content and scope. For a piece of work discussing the theoretical foundations of signs, it does not consider sign transformation, a universal and ubiquitous sign activity, which is not consistent with the keyword “foundations” in its title. A critical analysis of these problems involving the aspects mentioned above may not only enrich the visions of triadic sign relations, semiotics, and translation semiotics, but also inspire future semiotic studies and even other new research related to signs.
Heimat im Offenen?
Authors: Bauer Christian 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This Habilitation lecture discusses the present rise of right-wing populism as a theological problem. It uses the term „Heimat“ („home“ or „home country“) to explore the social context of this populism. This exploration leads to a discussion of the underlying cultural meta-narratives which serve a sense of shared identity. In a practical theological perspective, the discourse on „Heimat“ may be understood in terms of narrative encounters. Finding a home in an open world is possible – and the Christian faith offers bountiful theological resources for this.
We’re all “Bananas and Coconuts”: Congregational Song in the Global South
Authors: Lim Swee Hong 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This essay presents the grassroots’ common practice of congregational music making seen through an embedded long-term participant-observer’s perspective. Through this approach, it argues for a realistic means of “closing the loop” in the goal of self-determination for Global South churches by proposing a thoughtful worship renewal process guided by an enlightened theological ethos that privileges local expressions.
Performance Signature of Optical Fiber Communications Dispersion Compensation Techniques for the Control of Dispersion Management
Authors: Ranathive S. , Vinoth Kumar K. , Rashed Ahmed Nabih Zaki , Tabbour Mohammed Salah F. , Sundararajan T.V.P. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This paper has deeply simulated the different configurations of pre, post, and symmetric dispersion compensation-based dispersion compensated fiber (DCF), Gaussian optic filter (GOF), and fiber Bragg grating. Output power, signal quality factor, and signal gain are the performance parameters in this study for the complete comparison for the proposed techniques for dispersion compensation. It is observed that FBG has presented the best performance parameters optimization in compared to other compensation techniques for different configurations of compensation. The FBG dispersion compensation technique is the key solution for dispersion compensation in compared with other compensation techniques that are comparatively as in previous section. It is observed that the FBG is the best dispersion compensation technique and change its location, and length, apodization, and chirp functions, to obtain the best performance of FBG and give the best quality factor, output power, and gain, FBG can be employed in different categories such as post compensation, pre compensation, and symmetric compensation with different FBG lengths, apodization, and chirp functions.
The Strategic Use of International Investment Law in Colombia – Textiles: Navigating within the International Regime Complex for Development
Authors: Tamayo-Álvarez Rafael 
Published: March 2019

AbstractTrade-based money laundering (TBML) is a major concern in Colombia, where criminal organisations employ under-invoicing to conceal drug-trafficking proceeds. In response, Colombia imposed a compound tariff on certain Panamanian importations that were considered linked to this phenomenon. Alleging that the policy measure infringed Colombia’s tariff concessions, Panama activated the World Trade Organisation (WTO) dispute settlement mechanism. The dispute revolved around Article II:1 of the General Agreement on Tariff and Trade 1994. Colombia argued that this norm should be interpreted as to encompass licit trade only. Colombia looked for normative support in the investment treaty regime by establishing a parallel between undervalued imports and illegal investments. Therefore, just as investment treaty tribunals abstain from extending international legal protection to illegal investments, the WTO adjudicating bodies should not extend tariff concessions to importations linked to TBML activities. This article contends that by transplanting a more favourable doctrine of legality from the investment treaty regime to the multilateral trade regime, Colombia engaged in strategic regime shifting. Accordingly, drawing on regime complexes analysis, the article argues that by considering development a common issue-area, it is possible to articulate strategic connections between both regimes.
From Information to Knowledge to Wisdom: the Cold War Battle for Information Superiority and Its Implications for Thriving in the Age of Data Smog
Authors: Trembach Stan 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This article employs a comparative historical perspective to narrow the gap in the existing knowledge of the origins of the trans-Atlantic information explosion phenomenon that dates back to the early decades of the twentieth century. The author examines the root cause of the unprecedented growth of the overall amount of documents through the lens of the rapid expansion of scientific and technical advances across the world and subsequent spread of modern technologies, particularly those applied to scientific and technical information (STI). The study’s focus is on two superpowers of the era: the thriving Soviet military-industrial complex that went hand in hand with the rise of the STI management system in the mid-twentieth century United States. By exploring the practices of a range of U.S. and Soviet information agencies, this research draws parallels with the current information overload and informs our judgment about the challenges and possibilities in scientific and scholarly research brought about by today’s global information age.
Multicultural Services in China’s Public Libraries for the Protection and Promotion of Ethnic Minorities’ Cultures: A Case Study
Authors: Zhou Lihong , Cui Cheng , Luo Liguo 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Despite the increasing focus on the protection and promotion of the cultures of ethnic minority groups in China, the multicultural services in China’s public libraries have not yet been strengthened. This paper reports on a research study that aimed to develop a framework of library multicultural services to serve as a conceptual basis for the development of these types of services in China’s public libraries and in particular for those libraries located in China’s ethnic minority regions. Yanbian Library, the regional central library of China’s Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture, was selected as a case study, with 10 library professionals approached and interviewed using a semi-structured interview script. All interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed, and analysed using a thematic analysis approach. The analysis pointed to 21 multicultural services in five main themes: multicultural user services, multilingual collection development, development of multicultural service teams, marketing of multicultural services and management of multicultural services. Although this study is situated in China, the research findings are of potential interest to library and information professionals, educators and researchers worldwide.
Governmental Structures, Social Inclusion, and the Digital Divide
Authors: Cunningham Christopher A. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This study discovers the level of relationship between democracy and access to online information. It defines democracy using freedom ratings from Freedom House, as well as economic factors such as Gross Domestic Product and Foreign Direct Investment. The model also included a data set from Geddes, Wright and Frantz (2012), who used a finer grained scale for autocratic countries. It then explores the relationship between democracy and the level of access to online information using an ordinary least squares regression model. The level of access to online information was defined as the number of the internet users per capita within a country. The strength of the relationship indicated that this definition explained ~57 % of the interaction between these variables. In addition, the civil liberties ranking of a country was determined to have a statistically significant relationship to the number of internet users while the political rights of a country did not have a statistically significant relationship to the number of internet users. By determining this level of relationship, policymakers can then make a more informed decision while deciding on methods to bridge the digital divide. In determining which factors can be adjusted by outside stakeholders, such as access to technology, and those factors which cannot, such as levels of democracy, policymakers can determine methods to increase their impact in narrowing the digital divide.
Literacy Practices of Youth Experiencing Incarceration: Reading and Writing as Points of Regulation and Escape
Authors: Austin Jeanie 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
LIS research on youth incarceration frequently highlights literacy and education as means by which youth may escape or evade systems of incarceration These adult-structured positions often fail to take into account the perspectives and experiences of youth who are actively experiencing incarceration. Through an analysis of youth contributions to The Beat Within, this research includes the perspectives of youth who are incarcerated in order to build an understanding of how literacy, representational materials and education factor into how they navigate the systems of surveillance, policing and incarceration that shape their lives.
Linear vs. hierarchical: Two accounts of premodification in the of-binominal noun phrase
Authors: ten Wolde Elnora 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPremodification patterns play a central role in the categorization of of-binominals in general, and particularly in the grammaticalization of the evaluative binominal noun phrase (a beast of a man) into an evaluative modifier (a beast of a Hollywood year), where the first noun functions as an extreme modifier. This paper compares a linear, construction-based account of the premodification patterns of the evaluative binominal noun phrase, evaluative modifier, and other historically related of-binominals to a hierarchical account in Functional Discourse Grammar in order to investigate in what way each theory captures and accounts for these patterns. The paper comprises two parts: First, based on a zone-based premodification model, an empirical study of the synchronic premodification distributional patterns of these of-binominals is presented. Second, the paper discusses a Functional Discourse Grammar explanation of the findings. In the conclusion, the theoretical implications of the explanations of these patterns in the two approaches are discussed.
A cognitive-functional approach to the order of adjectives in the English noun phrase
Authors: Davidse Kristin , Breban Tine 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn this article we identify and motivate the main word order patterns of adjectives in the English NP. Theoretically, we situate ourselves within the tradition of semiotically-based, cognitive-functional construction grammars as developed by such linguists as Halliday, Langacker and McGregor. In this tradition, the lexicogrammar is assumed to exist to symbolize semantic functions. We argue that the various semantic functions of adjectives in the English NP are coded by different modification relations, which differ in terms of where and how they fit into the structural assembly of the whole NP. We hold that function motivates structure, and that order is an epiphenomenon of structure. Therefore, we first set out our model of the functions that can be fulfilled by adjectives in the English NP. This model is innovative in a number of ways. Theoretically, it extends the distinction between representational and interpersonal modifiers. Descriptively, we elucidate the traditionally recognized representational functions of classifier and epithet as well as the interpersonal functions of noun-intensifier and secondary determiner. To this set, we add the hitherto barely recognized interpersonal functions of focus marker and metadesignative. We also systematically investigate the possibility for coordination and subordination between adjectives fulfilling the same function. In a second step, we then correlate this functional-structural model with the general ordering tendencies of the functions realized by adjectives. We specify the general left-to-right ordering of the six functions, pointing out possible and impossible orders of the functions relative to each other. We interpret the distinction between representational and interpersonal modifiers with regard to their different ordering potential. Finally, we look at the main ordering options available for multiple adjectives realizing the same function.
Die Rückkehr der Mitte Europas
Authors: Paqué Karl-Heinz 
Published: March 2019

Zusammenfassung
Am 20. Juni 1948 fand im Westen des besetzten Deutschlands eine Wirtschafts- und Währungsreform statt, mit Freigabe der Preise und Einführung der Deutschen Mark (DM). Das Datum markiert den Beginn des marktwirtschaftlichen Wiederaufstiegs der westlichen Besatzungszonen und der späteren Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Das Wirtschaftssystem, das mit der Reform eingeführt wurde, die „Soziale Marktwirtschaft“, bewährte sich. Dies gilt für die beiden Dekaden der dynamischen Re-Integration Deutschlands in die Weltwirtschaft der fünfziger und sechziger Jahre; es gilt aber auch – trotz zeitweise aufgestautem Reformbedarf – im Wesentlichen für die Zeit des Strukturwandels ab 1973 im Gefolge der beiden globalen Ölkrisen. Auch die deutsche Wiedervereinigung 1990, insbesondere die Architektur der im Juni 1990 geschaffenen Wirtschafts- und Währungsunion, wurde von den historischen Lehren Westdeutschlands tief geprägt. Der darauf folgende Aufbau Ost war dabei im Wesentlichen erfolgreich, wenn auch Flurschäden von 40 Jahren Planwirtschaft und Isolierung vom Weltmarkt für die ostdeutsche Wirtschaft auf absehbare Zeit verbleiben.
Karl-Heinz Paqué zieht eine insgesamt positive Bilanz der vergangenen 70 Jahre. Er deutet aber die Entwicklungen der Jahrzehnte nach 1948 und 1990 als Schritte und Stufen einer Rückkehr Deutschlands in die Rolle des wirtschaftlichen Wachstumspols in der Mitte Europas, wie sie bereits vor dem Ersten Weltkrieg angelegt war, aber in der Zwischenkriegszeit durch ungünstige politische Rahmenbedingungen und in den beiden Weltkriegen durch Gewalt, Zerstörung und Autarkiepolitik nicht zum Zuge kam. Die Vorstellung von einem radikalen Bruch, wie sie bekennende Ordnungspolitiker und Ordnungstheoretiker in der deutschen Tradition pflegten, ist insofern nicht haltbar. Sie liefert gleichwohl mehr als einen politischen Mythos, weil sie die Bedeutung des Vertrauens in marktwirtschaftliche sowie rechts- und sozialstaatliche Prinzipien in den Vordergrund rückt. Mit Blick auf die anstehenden Herausforderungen der Zukunft – demografischer Wandel, Digitalisierung und Globalisierung – bleiben diese Prinzipien von überragender Bedeutung. Sie müssen aber zeitgemäß weiterentwickelt werden.
Die Biometrie des Auges als Ursache für systematische Messabweichungen bei der akustischen Tonometrie
Authors: Osmers Jan , Sorg Michael , Fischer Andreas 
Published: March 2019

Zusammenfassung
Zur Glaukomtherapie ist eine Überwachung des Augeninnendrucks erforderlich, wofür ein akustisches Selbsttonometer entwickelt worden ist. Die Laborversuche an Schweineaugen und die Patientenmessungen in einer klinischen Versuchsreihe belegen jedoch signifikante Querempfindlichkeiten von den biometrischen Parametern des Auges auf den gemessenen Augeninnendruck. Um die Individualität der Augen in der Auswertung der Messdaten zu berücksichtigen, werden Finite-Elemente-Simulationen des Auges für unterschiedliche geometrische Ausprägungen durchgeführt. Anhand der Simulationsergebnisse wird der Einfluss der Augengeometrie auf die Messunsicherheit des zu messenden Augeninnendrucks quantifiziert. Dadurch lässt sich bei Kenntnis der individuellen Augengeometrie des Patienten die systematische Messabweichung des Augeninnendrucks signifikant reduzieren und für das akustische Selbsttonometer eine Messunsicherheit in der Größenordnung aktueller klinischer Tonometer erzielen.