bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The EDGE-CALIFA Survey: Molecular and Ionized Gas Kinematics in Nearby Galaxies
Authors: Levy Rebecca C. , Bolatto Alberto D. , Teuben Peter , Sánchez Sebastián F. , Barrera-Ballesteros Jorge K. , Blitz Leo , Colombo Dario , García-Benito Rubén , Herrera-Camus Rodrigo , Husemann Bernd , Kalinova Veselina , Lan Tian , Leung Gigi Y. C. , Mast Damián , Utomo Dyas , Ven Glenn van de , Vogel Stuart N. , Wong Tony 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
We present a comparative study of molecular and ionized gas kinematics in nearby galaxies. These results are based on observations from the EDGE survey, which measured spatially resolved 12CO(J = 1–0) in 126 nearby galaxies. Every galaxy in EDGE has corresponding resolved ionized gas measurements from CALIFA. Using a sub-sample of 17 rotation-dominated, star-forming galaxies where precise molecular gas rotation curves could be extracted, we derive CO and Hα rotation curves using the same geometric parameters out to ≳1 R

e
. We find that ∼75% of our sample galaxies have smaller ionized gas rotation velocities than the molecular gas in the outer part of the rotation curve. In no case is the molecular gas rotation velocity measurably lower than that of the ionized gas. We suggest that the lower ionized gas rotation velocity can be attributed to a significant contribution from extraplanar diffuse ionized gas in a thick, turbulence-supported disk. Using observations of the Hγ transition, also available from CALIFA, we measure ionized gas velocity dispersions and find that these galaxies have sufficiently large velocity dispersions to support a thick ionized gas disk. Kinematic simulations show that a thick disk with a vertical rotation velocity gradient can reproduce the observed differences between the CO and Hα rotation velocities. Observed line ratios tracing diffuse ionized gas are elevated compared to typical values in the midplane of the Milky Way. In galaxies affected by this phenomenon, dynamical masses measured using ionized gas rotation curves will be systematically underestimated.
Effects of Thermonuclear X-Ray Bursts on Non-burst Emissions in the Soft State of 4U 1728–34
Authors: Bhattacharyya Sudip , Yadav J S , Sridhar Navin , Chauhan Jai Verdhan , Agrawal P C , Antia H M , Pahari Mayukh , Misra Ranjeev , Katoch Tilak , Manchanda R K , Paul Biswajit 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
It has recently been shown that the persistent emission of a neutron star low-mass X-ray binary (LMXB) evolves during a thermonuclear (type-I) X-ray burst. The reason of this evolution, however, is not fully known. This uncertainty can introduce significant systematics in the neutron star radius measurement using burst spectra, particularly if an unknown but significant fraction of the burst emission, which is reprocessed, contributes to the changes in the persistent emission during the burst. Here, by analyzing individual burst data of AstroSat/LAXPC from the neutron star LMXB 4U 1728–34 in the soft state, we show that the burst emission is not significantly reprocessed by a corona covering the neutron star. Rather, our analysis suggests that the burst emission enhances the accretion disk emission, possibly by increasing the accretion rate via disk. This enhanced disk emission, which is Comptonized by a corona covering the disk, can explain an increased persistent emission observed during the burst. This finding provides an understanding of persistent emission components and their interaction with the thermonuclear burst emission. Furthermore, as burst photons are not significantly reprocessed, non-burst and burst emissions can be reliably separated, which is required to reduce systematic uncertainties in the stellar radius measurement.
High Reproducibility of an Automated Measurement of Mobility for Patients with Axial Spondyloarthritis
Authors: Garrido-Castro Juan L. , Curbelo Rafael , Mazzucchelli Ramón , Domínguez-González María E. , Gonzalez-Navas Cristina , Flores Robles Bryan J. , Zarco Pedro , Mulero Juan , Cea-Calvo Luis , Arteaga María J. , Font-Ugalde Pilar , Carmona Loreto , Collantes-Estevez Eduardo 
Published: June 2018

Objective.Conventional measures of spinal mobility used in the assessment of patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), such as the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index and its components, are subject to interobserver variability. The University of Córdoba Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index (UCOASMI) is a validated composite index based on a motion video-capture system, UCOTrack. Our objective was to assess its reproducibility in clinical practice settings.Methods.We carried out an observational study of repeated measures in 3 centers. Video-capture systems were installed and adapted to clinical rooms. Patients with axSpA and stable disease were selected by consecutive stratified sampling [disease duration, sex, and the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI)]. Intraobserver reliability of the UCOASMI and of conventional measures was tested 3–5 days apart. For interobserver reliability, 3 patients from each center were evaluated in the other centers, within 3–7 days. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated.Results.Thirty patients were included (73% men, mean age 53 yrs, mean BASDAI 3.0). Interobserver and intraobserver ICC of the UCOASMI was 0.98. Conventional measurements showed lower but adequate reproducibility as well, except for interobserver reliability of lateral flexion (0.41), cervical rotation (0.61), and Schöber test (0.07), and intraobserver reliability of tragus-to-wall distance (0.30).Conclusion.Reproducibility of the UCOASMI seems very high, and apparently more reliable than conventional measures of mobility.
Fecal Calprotectin to Detect Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors: Ferrara Giovanna , Pastore Serena , Sancin Lara , Torelli Lucio , Radillo Oriano , Bramuzzo Matteo , Bibalo Chiara , Tommasini Alberto , Ventura Alessandro , Taddio Andrea 
Published: June 2018

Objective.This study aimed to test fecal calprotectin (FC) as a screening tool to identify inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) among patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).Methods.FC level < 100 g/kg was considered normal. Patients with 2 consecutive FC dosage ≥ 100 g/kg underwent endoscopic evaluation.Results.There were 113 patients with JIA enrolled. FC was raised in 7 patients out of 113. All patients had IBD. In 3/7 patients, high FC levels were the only sign consistent with IBD.Conclusion.FC is a useful, economical, and noninvasive diagnostic tool to identify JIA patients with underlying IBD.
Centuriation et statut juridique de Sullecthum (Salakta)
Authors: Ghaddhab Ridha 
Published: June 2018

La région de Salakta est couverte par une centuriation romaine bien structurée, aux limites nettes. Il y eut, entre Thapsus , Acholla et Thysdrus , une zone de colonisation romaine. De tous les secteurs donnant sur la côte, seul celui de Salakta a été centurié et a été l’objet d’assignations à des colons. Les inscriptions, bien que peu nombreuses, révèlent qu’il existait à la fin de ii e ou au début du iii e siècle, une colonia Iulia Sullectha . C’est une colonie de fondation créée entre 46 et 27 avant J.-C. Nous pensons que cette dernière était le centre structurant de la région.
Le débat common law versus civil law sur la performance économique du droit est-il pertinent ?
Authors: Canivet Guy 
Published: June 2018

Fondés au départ (2004) sur l' a priori de la supériorité de la common law sur le droit civil, les rapports successifs Doing Business établis par la Banque mondiale ont vu cette orientation s'estomper progressivement, de sorte que leurs indicateurs quantitatifs de la réglementation des affaires ne permettent plus désormais de différencier l'incidence économique de l'une et l'autre des traditions juridiques. Cette neutralité de la division entre common law et droit civil sur les performances économiques des réglementations étatiques est par ailleurs confirmée par les autres indicateurs comparatifs élaborés par divers organismes dans le monde, en particulier l'Indicateur de sécurité juridique établi par un groupe d'experts réunis par la Fondation pour le droit continental. Dès lors, les raisons de la prévalence de la common law en droit international des affaires sont à rechercher dans des considérations historiques, économiques, linguistiques, culturelles et dans les stratégies déployées par les États pour promouvoir leur droit dans les économies émergentes. L'article montre que ces rapports de concurrence intersystémiques provoquent des convergences par emprunts et acculturations des instruments juridiques du droit des affaires estimés performants et des évolutions des réglementations nationales dans une perspective d'attractivité économique. D'autres études révèlent que les grands opérateurs économiques mondiaux s'affranchissent des droits et des juridictions étatiques pour régler leurs relations d'affaires. Classification JEL : K15, K20, K33.
Droit, offres publiques et restructurations
Authors: Martin Didier 
Published: June 2018

Le régime des offres publiques a connu de nombreuses évolutions législatives, lesquelles ont traduit tantôt une faveur, tantôt une méfiance pour ces opérations, notamment au regard des restructurations que celles-ci peuvent engendrer. Sensible à ces risques, la loi du 29 mars 2014 a tenté de renforcer l'encadrement des restructurations envisagées à l'occasion d'une OPA, en accroissant les pouvoirs du conseil d'administration et du comité d'entreprise. La portée effective de ces nouvelles dispositions doit cependant être nuancée à plusieurs titres s'agissant des restrictions que ces dispositifs introduiraient. À l'inverse, le contrôle des investissements étrangers, qui peut amener l'investisseur à prendre un certain nombre d'engagements, apparaît bien plus déterminant pour ces opérations. Les OPA volontaires doivent être distinguées des offres publiques obligatoires et de retrait car les règles qui les régissent envisagent différemment le cas des restructurations, en laissant en particulier à l'AMF un pouvoir d'appréciation important pour accorder des dérogations ou imposer le dépôt d'une offre. Afin de limiter les offres publiques dites financières initiées notamment par des fonds d'investissement, le retrait obligatoire est limité par le choix qu'a fait la France d'un seuil de déclenchement élevé de 95 %. Classification JEL : G18, K22, L5.
Entre science et militantisme, une géopolitique de l’université de Corse sous le regard tutélaire de Pascal Paoli
Authors: Martinetti Joseph 
Published: June 2018

Ouverte en 1981, l’université de Corse est une des plus récentes et des plus petites structures universitaires existant sur le territoire français. Sa vitalité repose sur l’esprit militant qui l’anime aujourd’hui encore et elle puise sa légitimité dans la mémoire symbolique d’une université fondée à Corte par Pascal Paoli, soucieux de former au milieu du xviii e siècle les cadres d’une nation corse émancipée de la tutelle génoise. Université de proximité accompagnant le processus de massification des études supérieures, elle assume aussi une mission centrée sur une réflexion « identitaire » qui lui a permis d’établir une hégémonie culturelle sur l’ensemble de la société insulaire et de contribuer à l’accession des autonomistes au pouvoir régional. Elle doit toutefois améliorer son attractivité auprès des jeunes insulaires, des étudiants français continentaux et des étrangers.
Agricultures, ruralités, paysanneries : réflexions et questions pour une économie politique critique des discours dominants sur le développement
Authors: Peemans Jean-Philippe 
Published: June 2018

L’approche dominante de l’agriculture au Nord et au Sud, dans la théorie et la pratique depuis plus d’un demi-siècle, est celle d’une approche sectorielle « déterritorialisée » centrée sur la modernisation à travers le productivisme et la libéralisation des échanges. La résultante la plus visible de cette approche est la crise agraire et urbaine généralisée qui est au cœur de l’accumulation globalisée. C’est au prix d’un changement de paradigme que l’on peut sortir des apories de la modernisation, en replaçant les problématiques agricole et rurale et le monde paysan, au cœur d’une approche du développement en termes de construction de « territoires de vie durables » dans les Suds et au Nord.
Tumblr's GIF culture and the infinite image: Lone fandom, ruptures, and working through on a microblogging platform
Authors: Williams Rebecca 
Published: June 2018

Tumblr's modes of looping and repetition (especially via the circulation of GIFs) offer a potential source of comfort during moments of fannish rupture. By analyzing my own responses to the ending of a favorite television series, I argue that the repetition of Tumblr—the sense of infinity that is engendered by the fact that users may see the same thing reblogged and turning up on their dashboard over and over again—can be understood as offering the potential for working through moments of affective disruption. By assessing Tumblr's sense of endlessness and the reblogging of images and GIF and GIF sets across fan blogs after the finale of the television series Hannibal (2013–15), I consider how the use of a single specific platform can relate to the absence rather than the presence of fan-created objects. In an analysis of fan engagement and attachment, I draw on Freud's work on repeating and working through to study the relationship among repetition, trauma, and the wider media. The repetition engendered by the repeated viewing of GIFs and GIF sets on Tumblr offers comfort and catharsis for fans in periods of mourning. These areas of study inform an analysis of Tumblr as a specific platform for fan engagement and this platform's use as a mechanism for reassurance in the face of moments of rupture.
Tumblr's Supernatural fandom and the rhetorical affordance of GIFs
Authors: Hautsch Jessica 
Published: June 2018

The rhetoricity of GIFs on Tumblr is analyzed by using the Supernatural (2005–) fan community as a case study. Tumblr's platform design, which encourages visual communication and content sharing, allows users to assert their identities as fans and their memberships to fan communities through the production and curation of visual content. Supernatural fans on Tumblr make affordances of GIFs from the show and its extratextual materials, putting them to various rhetorical uses, including emotional expression, transformative storytelling, inside jokes, and argumentation. Tumblr's platform, which facilitates the spread of content through its reblogging function, allows GIFs to be shared among various interpretative communities for whom the images contain different connotations and meanings. Because of their decontextualization, recontextualization, and intertextuality, GIFs offer a complex and rhetorically layered mode of communication on Tumblr.
The Clinical Frailty Scale Predicts Inpatient Mortality in Older Hospitalised Patients with Idiopathic Parkinson'S Disease
Authors: Torsney KM , Romero-Ortuno R 
Published: June 2018

Parkinson's disease and frailty are both common conditions affecting older people. Little is known regarding the association of the Clinical Frailty Scale with hospital outcomes in idiopathic Parkinson's disease patients admitted to the acute hospital. We aimed to test whether frailty status was an independent predictor of short-term mortality and other hospital outcomes in older inpatients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Method We conducted an observational retrospective study in a large tertiary university hospital between October 2014 and October 2016. Routinely measured patient characteristics included demographics (age and sex), Clinical Frailty Scale, acute illness severity (Emergency Department Modified Early Warning Score), the Charlson Comorbidity Index, discharge specialty, history of dementia, history of depression and the presence of a new cognitive impairment. Outcomes studied were inpatient mortality, death within 30 days of discharge, new institutionalisation, length of stay ≥ 7 days and readmission within 30 days to the same hospital. Results There were 393 first admission episodes of idiopathic Parkinson's disease patients aged 75 years or more; 166 (42.2%) were female. The mean age (standard deviation) was 82.8 (5.0) years. The mean Clinical Frailty Scale was 5.9 (1.4) and the mean Charlson Comorbidity Index was 1.3 (1.5). After adjustment for covariates, frailty and acute illness severity were independent predictors of inpatient mortality; odds ratio for severely/very severely frail or terminally ill = 8.1, 95% confidence interval 1.0-63.5, p = 0.045 and odds ratio for acute illness severity: 1.3, 95% confidence interval 1.1-1.6, p = 0.005). The Clinical Frailty Scale did not significantly predict other hospital outcomes. Conclusions The Clinical Frailty Scale was a significant predictor of inpatient mortality in idiopathic Parkinson's disease patients admitted to the acute hospital and it may be useful as a marker of risk in this vulnerable population.
ORCHIDEE-MICT-BIOENERGY: an attempt to represent the production of lignocellulosic crops for bioenergy in a global vegetation model
Authors: Li Wei , Yue Chao , Ciais Philippe , Chang Jinfeng , Goll Daniel , Zhu Dan , Peng Shushi , Jornet-Puig Albert 
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Bioenergy crop cultivation for lignocellulosic biomass is increasingly
important for future climate mitigation, and it is assumed on large scales in
integrated assessment models (IAMs) that develop future land use change
scenarios consistent with the dual constraint of sufficient food production
and deep decarbonization for low climate-warming targets. In most global
vegetation models, there is no specific representation of crops producing
lignocellulosic biomass, resulting in simulation biases of biomass yields and
other carbon outputs, and in turn of future bioenergy production. Here, we
introduced four new plant functional types (PFTs) to represent four major
lignocellulosic bioenergy crops, eucalypt, poplar and willow,
Miscanthus, and switchgrass, in the global process-based vegetation
model ORCHIDEE. New parameterizations of photosynthesis, carbon allocation,
and phenology are proposed based on a compilation of field measurements. A
specific harvest module is further added to the model to simulate the
rotation of bioenergy tree PFTs based on their age dynamics. The resulting
ORCHIDEE-MICT-BIOENERGY model is applied at 296 locations where field
measurements of harvested biomass are available for different bioenergy
crops. The new model can generally reproduce the global bioenergy crop yield
observations. Biases in the model results related to grid-based simulations
versus the point-scale measurements and the lack of fertilization and
fertilization management practices in the model are discussed. This study
sheds light on the importance of properly representing bioenergy crops for
simulating their yields. The parameterizations of bioenergy crops presented
here are generic enough to be applicable in other global vegetation models.
The Trials of John Joseph Henry: The Politics of “Revolutionary Services” in Jeffersonian Pennsylvania
Authors: Gordon Scott Paul 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT
John Joseph Henry's Account of the … Campaign Against Quebec in 1775 (1812) recollects a revolutionary campaign to indict the leaders of Jeffersonian America. Historians value the text as a record of this early campaign—which left Henry permanently disabled—but the narrative focuses on the present. Henry evokes a brief moment of national (and individual) health to indict current national and state leaders who preserved unbroken bodies only by keeping themselves safe: these men, who never served, now attack those who did, purging from office Federalist veterans (such as Henry, a district judge). Their impeachment of Henry was a partisan persecution, he believed, proving to him the struggle for liberty was a “lost cause” in Jefferson's America. If he had imagined that those who “never looked an enemy in the eye” would cast “ancient veterans” aside, Henry wrote ruefully, he would “never have drawn a trigger.”
GERMINATION AND VIGOR OF Bixa orellana L. SEEDS PRE-SOAKED IN A PLANT BIOSTIMULANT
Authors: Araujo Neto Aderson Costa , Dos Santos Olívia Oliveira , Ferreira Darlaine Maria , Nunes Renan Thiago Carneiro , Públio Ana Paula Prado Barreto , Amaral Cláudio Lúcio Fernandes 
Published: June 2018

The aim of this study was to assess the germination and vigor of Bixa orellana seeds that were pre-soaked in different concentrations of Stimulate® plant biostimulant. For the standard germination test, Bixa orellana seeds from the Embrapa 37 Cultivar were pre-soaked (for periods of four and eight hours) in the following concentrations of Stimulate® aqueous solution: 3.0; 6.0; 9.0; and 12.0 mL L-1. Seeds that were pre-soaked in distilled water were used as control. The following parameters were tested: germination; first germination count; abnormal seedlings; length; and seedling dry mass. The experimental design was completely randomized and a 2 x 5 + 1 factorial design was used (with two pre-soaking periods, five Stimulate® concentrations, and one additional control without pre-soaking). Four replicates of 50 seeds were performed for each treatment. Water immersion treatments for four and eight hours were efficient for breaking dormancy in Bixa orellana seeds, since they promoted better germination in relation to the intact seeds that were not pre-soaked. The pre-soaking of Bixa orellana seeds for eight hours in a 12.0 mL L-1 Stimulate® concentration presented the best results in terms of germinative performance and seedling growth, with greater accumulation of dry mass. Therefore, this practice is recommended for the production of seedlings of this species.
Scientific Ethics in Teaching of Social Sciences in Iran
Authors: Qarakhani Masoumeh , Mirzaie Seyyed Ayatollah 
Published: June 2018

The ethic of education is a set of professional rules and regulations agreed upon by the scientific community that obliges actors to comply with codes of conduct in the science education process. This article is asking about levels and types of academic dishonesty and recognizing factors affecting it in Iran’s social sciences education. The data were collected using semi-structured interviews with Ph.D. students of public Universities in Tehran were analyzed with qualitative content analysis. Research findings show that academic dishonesty and factors affecting it are evident in the education of social science at two levels of micro and macro. At the micro or actor’s level, individual characteristics and personality traits of students and professors impact on the occurrence of academic dishonesty. Moreover, at the macro or structural level, the way of distribution of resources and rules in the education paves the way for and facilitates the occurrence of academic dishonesty. Consequently, dishonesty in the education of Iran’s social sciences and factors affecting it can be explained in the light of a structuration approach.