bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How the Family Makes Itself: The Platformization of Parenting in Early Childhood
Authors: Pangrazio Luci , Langton Katrin , Siibak Andra 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this chapter, we explore the platformization of family life by concentrating both on the specific context of parenting in early childhood and on a core function of many platforms—datafication. Drawing on two case studies of infant feeding apps, including qualitative research interviews with users, the chapter explores how understandings of what it is to be a “good” parent are now defined through datafication and explicit metrics which demonstrably transform maternal and paternal roles as well as impacting on intergenerational discussions, traditional knowledge and understandings of what it means to bring up a baby. We examine these cases by considering the role of datafication in developing self-understandings of the family narrative and changes about the relationship between the family and other “social envelope” institutions like school, care, and welfare. The chapter concludes by summarising how the various activities of family life might be re-mediating how families understand themselves as individuals, social units, and institutions.
Development of metabolic signatures of plant-rich dietary patterns using plant-derived metabolites
Authors: Li Yong , Xu Yifan , Sayec Melanie Le , Spector Tim D. , Steves Claire J. , Menni Cristina , Gibson Rachel , Rodriguez-Mateos Ana 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Diet is an important modifiable lifestyle factor for human health, and plant-rich dietary patterns are associated with lower risk of non-communicable diseases in numerous studies. However, objective assessment of plant-rich dietary exposure in nutritional epidemiology remains challenging.

Objectives
This study aimed to develop and evaluate metabolic signatures of the most widely used plant-rich dietary patterns using a targeted metabolomics method comprising 108 plant food metabolites.

Methods
A total of 218 healthy participants were included, aged 51.5 ± 17.7 years, with 24 h urine samples measured using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. The validation dataset employed three sample types to test the robustness of the signature, including 24 h urine (n = 88), plasma (n = 195), and spot urine (n = 198). Adherence to the plant-rich diet was assessed using a priori plant-rich dietary patterns calculated using Food Frequency Questionnaires. A combination of metabolites evaluating the adherence to a specific diet was identified as metabolic signature. We applied linear regression analysis to select the metabolites significantly associated with dietary patterns (adjusting energy intake), and ridge regression to estimate penalized weights of each candidate metabolite. The correlation between metabolic signature and the dietary pattern was assessed by Spearman analysis (FDR < 0.05).

Results
The metabolic signatures consisting of 42, 22, 35, 15, 33, and 33 predictive metabolites across different subclasses were found to be associated with adherence to Amended Mediterranean Score (A-MED), Original MED (O-MED), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND), healthy Plant-based Diet Index (hPDI) and unhealthy PDI (uDPI), respectively. The overlapping and distinct predictive metabolites across six dietary patterns predominantly consisted of phenolic acids (n = 38), including 14 cinnamic acids, 14 hydroxybenzoic acids, seven phenylacetic acids, and three hippuric acids. Six metabolites were included in all signatures, including two lignans: enterolactone-glucuronide, enterolactone-sulfate, and four phenolic acids: cinnamic acid, cinnamic acid-4’-sulfate, 2’-hydroxycinnamic acid, and 4-methoxybenzoic acid-3-sulfate. The established signatures were robustly correlated with dietary patterns in the validation datasets (r = 0.13–0.40, FDR < 0.05).

Conclusions
We developed and evaluated a set of metabolic signatures that reflected the adherence to plant-rich dietary patterns, suggesting the potential of these signatures to serve as an objective assessment of free-living eating habits.
Fecal microbiome composition in neonates with or without urinary tract infection
Authors: Bahat Hilla , Paret Michal , Uzan Atara , Klainer Hodaya , Sharon Efrat , Turjeman Sondra , Koren Omry , Goldman Michael , Youngster Ilan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Most infants with febrile urinary tract infection (UTI) do not have an underlying anatomical risk factor. Thus, other non-anatomical risk factors should be considered. Since the most common pathogens arise from the fecal microbiota, our aim was to investigate whether the gut microbiota composition differs between febrile infants younger than 2 months with or without UTI.

Methods
In this prospective, case–control, pilot study, we performed 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid amplicon sequencing to characterize gut microbiota of febrile neonates with and without UTI admitted to the pediatric ward at Shamir Medical Center between February 2019 and May 2021.

Results
The study cohort included 42 febrile neonates: 17 with and 25 without febrile UTI. We found a significant difference in beta diversity (i.e. between-sample/study group similarity indices) between the UTI and non-UTI group (p = 0.016). There were also distinct differences in the relative abundance of the 20 most prevalent genera. Furthermore, several genera were significantly enriched in the UTI group, with others dominating the non-UTI group. Streptococci were underrepresented in the UTI group. There was no difference in alpha diversity (i.e. within-sample diversity/richness) between groups.

Conclusion
Febrile neonates with UTI have a different fecal microbiota composition (beta-diversity), but not alpha diversity, in comparison to febrile neonates without UTI. A larger study is warranted to confirm these findings and their potential applications.

Graphical abstract
Mobile–neural friendly architecture for limiting exposure to traumatic scenes
Authors: Periola A. A. , Alonge A. A. , Ogudo K. A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMobile devices play a key role in developing mental health focused applications for individuals. The presented research proposes using mobile devices to limit the occurrence of depression in disabled individuals. It proposes a novel two stage solution that limits depression in disabled subscribers. The solution is integrated in a headband. Disabled subscribers have been considered because of their limited ability (or inability) to demonstrate motor skills enabling them to avoid trauma triggering scenarios. The research also examines how the proposed mechanism influences an individual’s identity. This is because existing solution utilize an invasive approach while the proposed solution is non-invasive. Analysis shows that the proposed mechanism preserves individual identity by 74.2%–99.3% on average.
Machine learning and deep learning covid-19 diagnosis system: key achievements, lessons learned, and a transfer learning algorithm
Authors: Salama Gerges M. , Mohamed Asmaa , Abd-Ellah Mahmoud Khaled 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic is a novel, fast-spreading, deadly virus. It has spread around the world in an extremely short time. Due to its rapid spread and negative effects on all aspects of our lives (health, finances, stress, etc.), scientists are seeking to find accurate and fast solutions to this crisis. In our paper, we present a systematic literature review (SLR) of the different machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques used for the detection, classification, and segmentation of COVID-19. We depend on our review of reliable databases such as IEEE Explore, Google Scholar, MDPI, Springer, PubMed, and Science Direct. By surveying approximately 978 papers, we found that 160 were more authorized, 77 of which were selected for review and met the criteria. A taxonomy is introduced to describe the sequence of our paper. Subsequently, a deep analysis and critical review of the academic literature were conducted to highlight the challenges and significant gaps identified in the introduced subject. The results revealed a shortage of research that assessed and established standards for the methods utilized for identifying and categorizing COVID-19 chest imaging techniques. As we continue the assessment and standardization process, three main difficulties are anticipated: the existence of various evaluation criteria for each task, the conflicts between these criteria, and the importance of these criteria. Moreover, we present a review of different systems used from the beginning of this crisis based on ML and DL by using different medical image modalities, such as chest X-ray, chest computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasound imaging. We also highlight the datasets used and the different results of performance measures that have been developed by different researchers in this medical field. Finally, we discuss the limitations and lessons learned that are associated with the use of ML and DL techniques for diagnosing COVID-19. To support our work, we developed a new algorithm based on using transfer learning for several deep learning models and applied it to our own dataset. The aim of our paper is to collect various authorized data to help experts and specialists understand the importance of ML and DL systems in this respect, represent a new algorithm, and benefit them in future work toward fighting COVID-19.
The sparse(st) optimization problem: reformulations, optimality, stationarity, and numerical results
Authors: Kanzow Christian , Schwartz Alexandra , Weiß Felix 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We consider the sparse optimization problem with nonlinear constraints and an objective function, which is given by the sum of a general smooth mapping and an additional term defined by the

$$ \ell _0 $$

ℓ
0

-quasi-norm. This term is used to obtain sparse solutions, but difficult to handle due to its nonconvexity and nonsmoothness (the sparsity-improving term is even discontinuous). The aim of this paper is to present two reformulations of this program as a smooth nonlinear program with complementarity-type constraints. We show that these programs are equivalent in terms of local and global minima and introduce a problem-tailored stationarity concept, which turns out to coincide with the standard KKT conditions of the two reformulated problems. In addition, a suitable constraint qualification as well as second-order conditions for the sparse optimization problem are investigated. These are then used to show that three Lagrange–Newton-type methods are locally fast convergent. Numerical results on different classes of test problems indicate that these methods can be used to drastically improve sparse solutions obtained by some other (globally convergent) methods for sparse optimization problems.
A machine learning method for predicting telescope cycle time applied to the Cerro Murphy Observatory
Authors: Kicia Mirosław , Kałuszyński Mikołaj , Górski Marek , Chini Rolf , Pietrzyński Grzegorz 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTelescope cycle time estimation is one of the basic issues of observational astronomy. There are not many tools that help to calulate the cycle time for multiple telescopes with multiple instruments. This work presents a new tool for determing the observation time; it was applied at the Cerro Murphy Observatory (OCM) but can be used at any other observatory. The Machine Learning (ML) method was implied, resulting in a fully automatic software module that works without any user intervention. We propose a polynomial multiple regression method and demonstrate all steps to build a reliable ML model like data collecting, data cleaning, model training and error evaluation in relation to the implementation in the observatory software. The method was designed to work for different telescopes with several instruments. Accuracy analysis and the assessment of model errors were based on real data from telescopes, proving the usefulness of the presented method. Error evaluation shows that for 84.2 % of nights, the prediction error in operation time prediction does not exceed 2 %. Converted into a 10-hour observation night, 2 % corresponds to an error of no more than 12 minutes. The described model is already working at the OCM and optimizes the efficiency of the observations.
Evidence for mitochondrial heteroplasmy in the freshwater bug Aphelocheirus aestivalis (Fabricius, 1794) (Insecta: Heteroptera): a challenge for future studies based on mtDNA markers
Authors: Kaczmarczyk-Ziemba Agnieszka , Halabowski Dariusz , Berchi Gavril M. , Rewicz Tomasz , Boda Pál , Krepski Tomasz , Višinskienė Giedrė , Stoianova Desislava , Tończyk Grzegorz , Momotko Adrianna , Chylińska Julia , Raupach Michael J. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The mitochondrial genome of Metazoa is predominantly maternally inherited, providing a valuable genetic marker in various fields such as phylogenetics and phylogeography. However, mitochondrial heteroplasmy, where multiple copies of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) coexist within an individual or even cell, presents a challenge to the use of mtDNA markers. This phenomenon may arise from replication errors, mutagenic processes, or paternal leakage. In this study, we investigated mitochondrial heteroplasmy in the freshwater bug Aphelocheirus aestivalis (Fabricius, 1794) using both Sanger and Illumina sequencing approaches. Our analyses confirmed the presence of diverse mtDNA variants within individual specimens collected from various locations across Europe. Signals of mitochondrial heteroplasmy were observed in chromatograms derived from both female and male individuals, indicating a prevalent phenomenon across A. aestivalis populations in general. Further comparative analyses of COI (partial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I) haplotypes indicated their high similarity and complex phylogenetic relationships. In turn, Illumina sequencing of a single male specimen revealed 102 heteroplasmic sites across the protein-coding sequences of mitogenome. Our results suggest the widespread and heritable nature of mitochondrial heteroplasmy in A. aestivalis, highlighting its importance for future phylogenetic and phylogeographic studies.
Griscelli Syndrome Type 2: Comprehensive Analysis of 149 New and Previously Described Patients with RAB27A Deficiency
Authors: Maimaris Jesmeen , Roa-Bautista Adriel , Sohail Mahreen , Booth Claire , Cugno Chiara , Chenchara Lenka , Omran Tawfeg Ben , Hacohen Yael , Lim Ming , Gilmour Kimberly , Griffiths Gillian , Rao Kanchan , Elfeky Reem , Kusters Maaike 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGriscelli syndrome type 2 (GS2) is a rare, life-threatening immunodysregulatory disorder characterised by impaired cytotoxic activity leading to susceptibility to haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) and hypopigmentation. We completed a literature review and analysis of clinical data of 149 patients with GS2 including 8 new patients.We identified three founder mutations which show diverse phenotypic profiles (RAB27A c.244 C > T, p.R82C, c.514_518delCAAGC, p.Q172NfsX2, c.550 C > T, p.R184X). The most common presentation was HLH (119/149, 80%), with high proportion of central nervous system involvement (68/149, 46%). Features of partial albinism were present in 105 of 149 cases (70%). Hypopigmentation can be absent in GS2 and should not exclude the diagnosis. Patients with biallelic protein truncating variants (PTV) were more likely to have systemic HLH (44/56, 79%) and partial albinism (45/56, 80%), in comparison to hypomorphic variants (9/41, 22%; 20/41, 49%). Patients with hypomorphic variants presented later (5.4 years cf. 0.4 years, p = < 0.0001) and were more likely to have isolated CNS HLH (2% cf. 42%, p = 0.001).Mortality was high in the cohort (50/149, 34%). Survival of cases post-HLH who underwent transplantation is superior to un-transplanted patients, suggesting adequate HLH control followed by early HSCT is highly beneficial. Mortality was reduced in HSCT recipients versus the un-transplanted group where follow-up data was available (14% compared to 58%).Asymptomatic cases identified through family history/genetic screening may benefit from pre-emptive HSCT, but access and development of robust functional testing are required. High mortality related to HLH remains concerning and emphasises the need for improved molecular characterisation and clinical prognostic factors to guide management decisions.
Defending Judicial Independence in Court: A Subjective Right to Independence in EU Law
Authors: O’Neill Ruairi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractJudicial independence is essential for ensuring effective judicial protection in each Member State, and becomes an EU-wide concern primarily due to the principle of mutual trust which presumes functional equivalence between Member States as regards their respective legal systems in general and the safeguarding of fundamental rights in particular. As a principle of EU law, it is for the CJEU to determine the contours of judicial independence. National judges as a category of persons have a unique role in furthering EU integration thanks to the principles of direct effect and supremacy of EU law as well as the dialogue with the CJEU in Art. 267 TFEU. This in turn exposes them to greater threats from the executive and legislature when the rule of law is undermined. For these reasons, this paper discusses the rationale and mechanisms for recognising a subjective right of judges to their independence, adding a further tool for guaranteeing the rule of law.
The Sine–Gordon QFT in de Sitter spacetime
Authors: Cadamuro Daniela , Fröb Markus B. , Moreira Ferrera Carolina 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe consider the massless Sine–Gordon model in de Sitter spacetime, in the regime $$\beta ^2 < 4 \pi $$

β
2

<
4
π

and using the framework of perturbative algebraic quantum field theory. We show that a Fock space representation exists for the free massless field, but that the natural one-parameter family of vacuum-like states breaks the de Sitter boost symmetries. We prove convergence of the perturbative series for the S matrix in this representation and construct the interacting Haag–Kastler net of local algebras from the relative S matrices. We show that the net fulfills isotony, locality and de Sitter covariance (in the algebraic adiabatic limit), even though the states that we consider are not invariant. We furthermore prove convergence of the perturbative series for the interacting field and the vertex operators, and verify that the interacting equation of motion holds.
Were COVID-19 lockdowns worth it? A meta-analysis
Authors: Herby Jonas , Jonung Lars , Hanke Steve H. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFollowing the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, an unprecedented use of mandatory lockdowns—defined as the imposition of at least one compulsory, non-pharmaceutical intervention—took place. We conduct a meta-analysis to determine the effect of these lockdowns on COVID-19 mortality. Our meta-analysis finds that lockdowns in the spring of 2020 had a relatively small effect on COVID-19 mortality and is consistent with the view that voluntary changes in behavior, such as social distancing, played an important role in mitigating the pandemic. Given the enormous economic costs associated with lockdowns and our findings of the relatively small health benefits, the efficacy of lockdowns during the COVID-19 pandemic is called into question.
Recovery after exploitation of stalked barnacles is facilitated by the presence of conspecifics: a study of post-harvest gap recolonization dynamics in SW Europe
Authors: Gómez-del Campo Víctor , Arrontes Julio , Cruz Teresa , Vázquez Elsa , Macho Gonzalo , Thiébaut Eric , Geiger Katja , Fernandes Joana N. , Jacinto David , Aguión Alba , Silva Teresa , Mateus David , Román Salvador , Herrero Angela , Iván-Baragaño Yago , Broudin Caroline , Perrier Lucile , Davoult Dominique , Fernández Consolación , Rico José Manuel , Sostres Jorge , Guardado Carlos , Castro João J. , Acuña José Luis 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We have followed the recovery of gaps produced either by harvesters or by scientists in stands of stalked barnacle (Pollicipes pollicipes) during two years in four regions of Europe (SW Portugal, Galicia and Asturias in Spain and Brittany in France; n = 423 gaps), which was extended to four years in Asturias (n = 252 gaps). The presence of adult conspecifics in the margins of the gaps increased by at least four times the probability of initiation of their recovery. After two years of follow-up in the four regions, 90% of the gaps with adjacent conspecifics had initiated recolonization as opposed to only 60% in gaps with no adjacent adults. These figures remained stable after three years of follow up in Asturias, pointing to a large fraction of gaps which are recalcitrant to recolonization. Once initiated, the median rate of recovery after latency was 0.47 cm2/month in the four regions and 0.61 cm2/month in Asturias, increasing from 0.5 to 2.5 cm2/month for a 0 to 25 cm increase of perimeter in contact with adults, which is consistent with heavy recruitment on the stalks of conspecifics. The median estimated time to full recovery of gaps which initiated recovery was 2.65 years, thus recolonization is a slow process. Our results point to the main recommendations that a barnacle clump should never be removed entirely, so that the remaining adults serve as recruitment nuclei for the population, and that a maximum scraper width of 3.5 cm should be set to limit accessory capture of non-target individuals.
Ligand Engineering Achieves Suppression of Temperature Quenching in Pure Green Perovskite Nanocrystals for Efficient and Thermostable Electroluminescence
Authors: Chen Kaiwang , Du Qing , Cao Qiufen , Du Chao , Feng Shangwei , Pan Yutong , Liang Yue , Wang Lei , Chen Jiangshan , Ma Dongge 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFormamidinium lead bromide (FAPbBr3) perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) are promising for display and lighting due to their ultra-pure green emission. However, the thermal quenching will exacerbate their performance degradation in practical applications, which is a common issue for halide perovskites. Here, we reported the heat-resistant FAPbBr3 NCs prepared by a ligand-engineered room-temperature synthesis strategy. An aromatic amine, specifically β-phenylethylamine (PEA) or 3-fluorophenylethylamine (3-F-PEA), was incoporated as the short-chain ligand to expedite the crystallization rate and control the size distribution of FAPbBr3 NCs. Employing this ligand engineering approach, we synthesized high quality FAPbBr3 NCs with uniform grain size and reduced long-chain alkyl ligands, resulting in substantially suppressed thermal quenching and enhanced carrier transportation in the perovskite NCs films. Most notably, more than 90% of the room temperature PL intensity in the 3-F-PEA modified FAPbBr3 NCs film was preserved at 380 K. Consequently, we fabricated ultra-pure green EL devices with a room temperature external quantum efficiency (EQE) as high as 21.9% at the luminance of above 1,000 cd m−2, and demonstrated less than 10% loss in EQE at 343 K. This study introduces a novel room temperature method to synthesize efficient FAPbBr3 NCs with exceptional thermal stability, paving the way for advanced optoelectronic device applications.