bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Excessive occlusal load on chemically modified and moderately rough titanium implants restored with cantilever reconstructions. An experimental study in dogs
Authors: Lima Luiz A. , Bosshardt Dieter D. , Chambrone Leandro , Araújo Mauricio G. , Lang Niklaus P. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the outcomes of excessively loaded implants.Material and MethodsIn five dogs, all mandibular premolars were extracted. After 3 months, six implants (three SLA® and three SLActive®) were placed (S). After 4 weeks, implants were restored: one single crown with stable occlusal contacts (SC), one crown and a cantilever unit with excessive occlusal contacts (OL), and a non‐loaded implant (NL). Bleeding‐on‐probing (BoP), attachment level (AL), mucosal margin (GM) were assessed. Resonance frequency analysis (RFA) was assessed weekly. Standardized X‐rays were taken at S, 4 and 24 weeks.ResultsSimilar findings were observed for SLA® and SLActive® implants regarding PlI, GI, GM, AL, and BL. No significant differences were detected between baseline and 24‐weeks or between treatment modalities for all clinical parameters (p > .05). Six months after loading, RFA values were significantly greater than at implant placement. No significant differences between treatment modalities were found. Linear radiographic measurements yielded similar results between SLA® and SLActive® implants. SLA® OL implants yielded a statistically significant gain on peri‐implant bone density over all other groups (p = .012). Radiographic results were confirmed by descriptive histology. Technically, loosened occlusal screws occurred in 13.3% (SC = 3.3%; OL = 10%), while abutment fractures totalized 23.3% (SC = 6.6%; OL = 16.6%).ConclusionsExcessive occlusal load applied to implants (SLA® or SLActive®) restored with cantilevers did not cause loss of osseointegration or significant changes in their clinical, radiographic, or histologic outcomes. Early excessive occlusal load on SLA® implants promoted a gain in peri‐implant bone density. Excessively loaded implants showed more technical complications.
Symmetric patterns with different luminance polarity (anti‐symmetry) generate an automatic response in extrastriate cortex
Authors: Makin Alexis D. J. , Rampone Giulia , Bertamini Marco 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPeople can quickly detect bilateral reflection in an image. This is true when elements of the same luminance are matched on either side of the axis (symmetry) and when they have opposite luminance polarity (anti‐symmetry). Using electroencephalography, we measured the well‐established sustained posterior negativity (SPN) response to symmetry and anti‐symmetry. In one task, participants judged the presence or absence of regularity (Regularity Discrimination Task). In another, they judged the presence or absence of rare colored oddball trials (Colored Oddball Task). Previous work has concluded that anti‐symmetry is only detected indirectly, through serial visual search of element locations. This selective attention account predicts that the anti‐symmetry SPN should be abolished in the Colored Oddball Task because there is no need to search for anti‐symmetry. However, this prediction was not confirmed: The symmetry and anti‐symmetry SPN waves were not modulated by task. We conclude that at least some forms of anti‐symmetry can be extracted from the image automatically, in much the same way as symmetry. This is an important consideration for models of symmetry perception, which must be flexible enough to accommodate opposite luminance polarity, while also accounting for the fact anti‐symmetry is often perceptually weaker than symmetry.
Relational Affliction: Reconceptualizing “Mass Hysteria”
Authors: Seale‐Feldman Aidan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAn ethnographic exploration of “mass hysteria” in Nepal reconsiders existing anthropological treatments of this form of affliction as gendered resistance. In Nepal, affected communities and girls dispute psychosocial counselors and anthropologists on conceptual grounds. These conflicts revolve around two distinct understandings of the subject of affliction. The subject of “mass hysteria” takes a liberal feminist form in which symptoms reveal resistance to power, while for the subject afflicted by ghosts and spirits, bhut‐pret laagne, symptoms reveal the intertwined relationality between bodies and the world. I argue that by shifting attention away from questions of resistance, desire, and truth of the individual, we find that the concepts of chopne and bhut‐pret laagne are concerned with the transfer, sharing, and relationality of affliction. By placing Nepali and Euro‐American conceptualizations in dialogue, haunting is approached not as idiom or metaphor but as an analytic with which to construct new conceptual frameworks.[Nepal, hysteria, haunting, relationality]
Evaluating genomic data for management of local adaptation in a changing climate: A lodgepole pine case study
Authors: Mahony Colin R. , MacLachlan Ian R. , Lind Brandon M. , Yoder Jeremy B. , Wang Tongli , Aitken Sally N. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe evaluate genomic data, relative to phenotypic and climatic data, as a basis for assisted gene flow and genetic conservation. Using a seedling common garden trial of 281 lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) populations from across western Canada, we compare genomic data to phenotypic and climatic data to assess their effectiveness in characterizing the climatic drivers and spatial scale of local adaptation in this species. We find that phenotype‐associated loci are equivalent or slightly superior to climate data for describing local adaptation in seedling traits, but that climate data are superior to genomic data that have not been selected for phenotypic associations. We also find agreement between the climate variables associated with genomic variation and with 20‐year heights from a long‐term provenance trial, suggesting that genomic data may be a viable option for identifying climatic drivers of local adaptation where phenotypic data are unavailable. Genetic clines associated with the experimental traits occur at broad spatial scales, suggesting that standing variation of adaptive alleles for this and similar species does not require management at scales finer than those indicated by phenotypic data. This study demonstrates that genomic data are most useful when paired with phenotypic data, but can also fill some of the traditional roles of phenotypic data in management of species for which phenotypic trials are not feasible.
‘It's Knowing the Right Things to Say and Do’: Challenges and Opportunities for Trauma‐informed Practice in the Prison Context
Authors: VASWANI NINA , PAUL SALLY 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe relevance of trauma‐informed practice (TIP) across the workforce, especially in a trauma‐laden environment such as prison, has gained credence. Little is documented, however, on the practicalities of responding to trauma within custodial institutions where the potential for retraumatisation and the tension between care and control are complicating factors. This article explores the views of over 200 prison staff on the adoption of a trauma‐informed approach for young people in custody. It identifies a gap between vision and practice and, while acknowledging that prisons can become more ‘trauma‐aware’, disputes the notion that true TIP is possible within current custodial contexts.
Increased serum level and impaired response to glucose fluctuation of asprosin is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Zhang Xinyue , Jiang Hui , Ma Xiaojing , Wu Hongyan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAims/IntroductionAsprosin is a novel secreted adipokine that is induced by fasting and promotes hepatic glucose release. In healthy humans, circulating asprosin shows circadian oscillation with an acute drop coinciding with the onset of eating. The present study investigated whether this circadian oscillation still exists in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Materials and MethodsWe recruited 60 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 60 individuals with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). All participants completed a 75‐g oral glucose tolerance test. Fasting and 2‐h postprandial serum asprosin concentrations were measured by the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay method. Partial correlation coefficients were calculated to analyze the relationships between serum asprosin level and parameters of glucose metabolism. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association of serum asprosin level with diabetes.ResultsBoth fasting and postprandial asprosin levels were significantly higher in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The postprandial asprosin level was apparently lower than fasting asprosin level in individuals with NGT. The fasting asprosin level closely correlated with type 2 diabetes mellitus after multiple adjustment (odds ratio 2.329, P = 0.023). Asprosin correlated negatively with change in blood glucose (r = −0.502, P < 0.001) and change in C‐peptide (r = −0.467, P < 0.001) in individuals with NGT, but not in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.ConclusionsSerum asprosin level decreased coinciding with the onset of the oral glucose tolerance test in individuals with NGT, whereas this circadian oscillation was disturbed in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. The impaired response of asprosin to glucose fluctuation in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients might be one of the reasons for the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
The adaptive value of epigenetic mutation: Limited in large but high in small peripheral populations
Authors: Smithson Mark W. , Dybdahl Mark F. , Nuismer Scott L. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe fate of populations during range expansions, invasions and environmental changes is largely influenced by their ability to adapt to peripheral habitats. Recent models demonstrate that stable epigenetic modifications of gene expression that occur more frequently than genetic mutations can both help and hinder adaptation in panmictic populations. However, these models do not consider interactions between epimutations and evolutionary forces in peripheral populations. Here, we use mainland–island mathematical models and simulations to explore how the faster rate of epigenetic mutation compared to genetic mutations interacts with migration, selection and genetic drift to affect adaptation in peripheral populations. Our model focuses on cases where epigenetic marks are stably inherited. In a large peripheral population, where the effect of genetic drift is negligible, our analyses suggest that epimutations with random fitness impacts that occur at rates as high as 10–3 increase local adaptation when migration is strong enough to overwhelm divergent selection. When migration is weak relative to selection and epimutations with random fitness impacts decrease adaptation, we find epigenetic modifications must be highly adaptively biased to enhance adaptation. Finally, in small peripheral populations, where genetic drift is strong, epimutations contribute to adaptation under a wider range of evolutionary conditions. Overall, our results suggest that epimutations can change outcomes of adaptation in peripheral populations, which has implications for understanding conservation and range expansions and contractions, especially of small populations.
Dynamic mechanical analysis of novel cosmeceutical facial creams containing nano‐encapsulated natural plant and fruit extracts
Authors: Kalouta Kleopatra , Eleni Panagiota , Boukouvalas Christos , Vassilatou Katerina , Krokida Magdalini 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundCosmetic industry following the recent trends in the relative market has turned its interest in the formation of cosmeceutical products containing natural bioactive ingredients. Natural extracts may reveal undesirable sensory characteristics due to their composition. Encapsulation and nanotechnology are the most promising methods to overcome these drawbacks, opening up new perspectives for the future of cosmeceutical industry.AimsThe purpose of this study was the use of nano‐encapsulated plant and fruit extracts to formulate cosmeceutical facial creams with acceptable rheological characteristics.MethodsElectrohydrodynamic process was used to encapsulate pomegranate and tea tree oil extracts and incorporate them in facial cosmetic creams. All the formulations including those without additives, were stored at three different temperatures. Subsequently, rheological oscillatory tests (frequency sweep tests) were performed using the dynamic mechanical analysis method in order to evaluate alterations in storage modulus (G'), loss modulus (G''), and complex viscosity (η*).ResultsDynamic mechanical analysis, showed that all formulations are suitable for application in cosmetic industry, while changes due to storage period or the storage temperature were negligible.ConclusionThe addition of the selected extracts' nanofibers to formulate cosmeceutical facial creams, developed products with acceptable rheological characteristics that could be decisive for the cosmetics industry.
Clinical experience on follicular unit extraction megasession for severe androgenetic alopecia
Authors: Li Kai‐Tao , Qu Qian , Fan Zhe‐Xiang , Wang Jin , Liu Fang , Hu Zhi‐Qi , Miao Yong 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundSevere androgenetic alopecia has significant impact on patients’ self‐image and emotional health. As the most advanced way to achieve the growth of a full head of hair in shortest period of time, the megasession hair transplant procedure is a promising treatment for severe androgenetic alopecia.AimsTo introduce the procedure and technical details of follicular unit extraction megasession and to evaluate the surgery outcome.MethodA total of 273 male patients undergoing follicular unit extraction (FUE) megasession between 2016 and 2018 were included in our study. The extraction was performed using 1.0 mm punch. The BASP classification degree of patient hair loss, the number of extracted hair, surgery consuming time, and graft survival rate were recorded. We finally evaluated patients’ satisfaction with surgery outcomes.ResultsAges of patients ranged from 28 to 53 years, with a mean of 42 years (SD, 8.42). All of them were at C3 and U1 degree of BA type hair loss according to the BASP classification. The number of follicular units transplanted was between 3000 and 6000, with surgery duration range from 6 hours to 12 hours and graft survival rate varies from 93.5% to 96.6%. A total of 81% of them were satisfied with the outcomes, 19% of them had a second procedure performed to provide further hair density. None of them had infection after the surgery.ConclusionCompared with multi‐stage hair transplantation, FUE megasession has the advantages of reducing operation frequency and overall surgery duration. Thus, FUE megasession is an appealing treatment option for severe AGA patients, who expect to a more desirable natural and esthetically pleasing result in a one‐stage operation.
Coconut malformation: An emerging disease caused by Fusarium proliferatum in southern Iran
Authors: Goudarzi Azadeh , Askari Seyahooei Majeed , Bagheri Abdoolnabi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSymptoms of vegetative malformation were observed on coconut palms (Cocos nucifera L.) in the Qeshm Island, Bandar Abbas and Minab, in Hormozgan province, southern Iran. The symptoms included misshapen and dwarfed leaves with shortened, thickened and tightened leaflets in wavy and zigzag form. The aim of this study was to identify the causal pathogen of coconut palm malformation and complete Koch's postulates for putative pathogen. Small pieces of surface‐disinfested malformed vegetative tissues of coconut palms were cultured on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium. Fusarium isolates were permanently obtained from the symptomatic tissues. Sequence data from the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1–5.8S‐ITS2) and translation elongation factor 1 alpha (TEF‐1α) gene were used for molecular identification of the isolates. BLAST search of the sequences showed 99%–100% identity to several Fusarium proliferatum strains in the GenBank, FUSARIUM‐ID and Fusarium MLST databases. A phylogeny inferred using individual sequence data from ITS region and TEF‐1α gene placed our isolates together with the other F. proliferatum sequences retrieved from the GenBank. Pathogenicity tests were carried out using one‐year‐old healthy coconut palm seedlings and conidial suspensions (106 conidia/ml) of the F. proliferatum isolates. The first visible symptoms appeared on newly produced leaves of the inoculated seedlings during the 16th week after inoculation, wherease no disease symptoms were observed on the control plants until the end of the experiment. Reisolation from symptomatic tissues of the inoculated seedlings yielded isolates of F. proliferatum with morphological and molecular characteristics identical to those of the isolates used for inoculations. This is the first report of coconut palm malformation caused by F. proliferatum worldwide.
Role of Porphyromonas gingivalis in oral squamous cell carcinoma development: A systematic review
Authors: Lafuente Ibáñez de Mendoza Irene , Maritxalar Mendia Xabier , García de la Fuente Ana María , Quindós Andrés Guillermo , Aguirre Urizar José Manuel 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe target of the current systematic review is to gather and synthesize the most recent scientific information about the role of Porphyromonas gingivalis in the molecular pathways of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).BackgroundOral squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignancy of the oral cavity, with a poor prognosis and a low survival rate. Etiology is multifactorial but consumption of tobacco and alcohol is the most important risk factors. P gingivalis is a Gram‐negative anaerobic bacterium commonly found in oral microbiota that has been linked to periodontal disease (PD), and recently to OSCC. However, its association with OSCC development is not well defined.Material and methodsA bibliographic research was carried out selecting articles published until 2019, on PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases, with the keywords “Porphyromonas gingivalis,” “oral cancer,” “oral squamous cell carcinoma,” and “periodontal pathogen.”ResultsSeventeen articles, 14 in vitro and three in animal models, were selected. Models mimicking OSCC were OSCC pre‐established cell lines (11 studies), OSCC/ healthy human biopsies (three studies), and animals with OSCC (three studies). P gingivalis strains used to cause infection in these studies were ATCC 33277, 381, and W83.ConclusionsPorphyromonas gingivalis could play an important role in OSCC development and could be involved in three different stages: epithelial‐mesenchymal transition of malignant cells, neoplastic proliferation, and tumor invasion. Current findings emphasize the convenience of treatment and control approaches of PD as part of the primary prevention of OSCC.
Structure and mode of action of a novel antibacterial peptide from the blood of Andrias davidianus
Authors: Pei J. , Chen D. , Jin W. , Geng J. , Wang W. , Zhang S. , Yue T. , Zhang H. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Andrias davidianus is widely recognized in traditional medicine as a cure-all to treat a plethora of ailments. In a previous study, a novel antibacterial peptide named andricin B was isolated from A. davidianus blood. In this study, we investigated andricin B structure and its mode of action. Circular dichroism spectra suggested that andricin B adopts a random coil state in aqueous solution and a more rigid conformation in the presence of bacteria. Moreover propidium iodide/fluorescein diacetate double staining indicated that bacteria treated with andricin B were not immediately eliminated. Rather, there is a gradual bacterial death, followed by a sublethal stage. Scanning electronic microscope imaging indicates that andricin B might form pores on cell membranes, leading to the release of cytoplasmic contents. These results were consistent with flow cytometry analysis. Furthermore, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy suggests that andricin B induces changes in the chemical properties in the areas surrounding these “pores” on the cell membranes.

Significance and Impact of the Study
The results of this study suggested the new perspectives about the mode of action of antimicrobial peptide (AMP) active against sensitive bacteria. The AMP was able to be in a random coiled state in aqueous solution but to change to a more rigid one in the presence of sensitive bacteria. Exposure to AMP might not lead to immediate death of treated bacteria, rather bacteria concentration decreased gradually flattening at a sublethal stage. These findings will help people to understand better how the AMPs activate against sensitive bacteria.
The H3K4 demethylase Jar1 orchestrates ROS production and expression of pathogenesis‐related genes to facilitate Botrytis cinerea virulence
Authors: Hou Jie , Feng Hui‐Qiang , Chang Hao‐Wu , Liu Yue , Li Gui‐Hua , Yang Song , Sun Chen‐Hao , Zhang Ming‐Zhe , Yuan Ye , Sun Jiao , Zhu‐Salzman Keyan , Zhang Hao , Qin Qing‐Ming 
Published: September 2019

Summary

Histone 3 Lysine 4 (H3K4) demethylation is ubiquitous in organisms, however the roles of H3K4 demethylase JARID1(Jar1)/KDM5 in fungal development and pathogenesis remain largely unexplored. Here, we demonstrate that Jar1/KDM5 in Botrytis cinerea, the grey mould fungus, plays a crucial role in these processes.

The BcJAR1 gene was deleted and its roles in fungal development and pathogenesis were investigated using approaches including genetics, molecular/cell biology, pathogenicity and transcriptomic profiling.

BcJar1 regulates H3K4me3 and both H3K4me2 and H3K4me3 methylation levels during vegetative and pathogenic development, respectively. Loss of BcJAR1 impairs conidiation, appressorium formation and stress adaptation; abolishes infection cushion (IC) formation and virulence, but promotes sclerotium production in the ΔBcjar1 mutants. BcJar1 controls reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and proper assembly of Sep4, a core septin protein and virulence determinant, to initiate infection structure (IFS) formation and host penetration. Exogenous cAMP partially restored the mutant appressorium, but not IC, formation. BcJar1 orchestrates global expression of genes for ROS production, stress response, carbohydrate transmembrane transport, secondary metabolites, etc., which may be required for conidiation, IFS formation, host penetration and virulence of the pathogen.

Our work systematically elucidates BcJar1 functions and provides novel insights into Jar1/KDM5‐mediated H3K4 demethylation in regulating fungal development and pathogenesis.