bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chem‐Bonding and Phys‐Trapping Se Electrode for Long‐Life Rechargeable Batteries
Authors: Wu Tianjing , Ding Zhiying , Jing Mingjun , Zou Guoqiang , Hou Hongshuai , Tian Ye , Jiang Yunlin , Hong Wanwan , Ji Xiaobo 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSelenium‐carbon materials present an interesting opportunity for rechargeable battery systems. They are usually obtained through infusing elemental Se into various carbon sources. Herein, a self‐thermal‐reduction method is successfully applied to prepare covalent Se carbon material (CPSe, Se: 10.8 wt%) utilizing polyselenophene (PSe) as a dual source of selenium and carbon matrix, in which selenium is mainly present with the form of CSe bond. Interestingly, most of them are found to break away from the carbon skeleton as the discharge voltage is gradually scanned down to a lower stage, and then selenide is progressively oxidized to elemental Se in the charge process. Furthermore, employing a space‐confined strategy, a high Se mass loading composite (Se‐CPSe, 56.8 wt%) is effectively produced with the simultaneous introduction of covalent Se and physical‐trapped Se. In this electrode, the physical‐restricted Se part exhibits a reversible capacity of 420 mA h g−1 at 100 mA g−1 for the Na‐Se battery. More significantly, after being activated at 0.01–3.0 V in the initial cycles, the electrochemical cleaved covalent Se and physical‐confined Se can jointly contribute specific capacity of ≈590 mA h g−1. Such strategies and understanding are important for the future design and optimization of electrode materials for Na‐Se batteries.
Transition‐Metal Oxynitride: A Facile Strategy for Improving Electrochemical Capacitor Storage
Authors: Wang Shouzhi , Li Lili , Shao Yongliang , Zhang Lei , Li Yanlu , Wu Yongzhong , Hao Xiaopeng 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe use of transition‐metal oxide (TMO) as an extended‐life electrochemical energy storage material remains challenging because TMO undergoes volume expansion during energy storage. In this work, a transition‐metal oxynitride layer (TMON, M: Fe, Co, Ni, and V) was synthesized on TMO nanowires to address the crucial issue of volume expansion. The unique oxynitride layer possesses numerous active sites, excellent conductivity, and outstanding stability. These characteristics enhance specific capacitance and alleviate volume expansion effectively. Specifically, the specific capacity of the TMON electrode is enhanced by approximately twofold relative to that of its corresponding oxide. Notably, the capacitance of the TMON remains above 94% even after 10 000 cycles. This result indicates that the cycling performance of the TMON electrode is superior to that of its corresponding oxide. First‐principles and quantitative kinetics analyses are performed to investigate the mechanism underlying the improved electrochemical performances of the TMON layers. Results demonstrate that the proposed TMON layer has attractive applications in the fields of energy storage, conversion, and beyond.
On‐Site Surface Coordination Complexation via Mechanochemistry for Versatile Metal–Phenolic Networks Films
Authors: Kang Junjie , Bai Guoqiang , Ma Shuanhong , Liu Xinghuan , Ma Zhiyuan , Guo Xuhong , Wang Xiaolong , Dai Bin , Zhou Feng , Jia Xin 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe development of functional metal–phenolic networks (MPNs) films by a simple and green strategy on metallic plane substrates for surface modification is a big challenge. Herein, tribochemistry, as an effective and robust method to prepare MPNs films with versatile applications and controllable thickness (≈1.5 nm to 2.2 µm) by surface coordination complexation derived from tannic acid (TA) and metal oxides or ions (M) on plane substrates, is reported. The mechanism of the formation of TA‐M films is investigated in detail, showing that films are constructed by two‐layer structures. At the bottom of films, the chelation of TA active moieties and M is triggered by friction, facilitating the coating growth and reducing the friction coefficient. There is a downward trend in the concentration of M with the thickness of films increasing, which is attributed to the diffusion of metal ions. As a result, the dominant structure of films changes into the hydrogen bonding or π–π stacking interaction among oligomers derived from coupling of the TA active moieties. Such facile surface modification strategy can broaden in situ mechanochemical synthesis of functional layers and open a promising route for the design of patterning, antifouling, and controlled release coatings.
Toward Functional Synthetic Cells: In‐Depth Study of Nanoparticle and Enzyme Diffusion through a Cross‐Linked Polymersome Membrane
Authors: Gumz Hannes , Boye Susanne , Iyisan Banu , Krönert Vera , Formanek Petr , Voit Brigitte , Lederer Albena , Appelhans Dietmar 
Published: January 2019

AbstractUnderstanding the diffusion of nanoparticles through permeable membranes in cell mimics paves the way for the construction of more sophisticated synthetic protocells with control over the exchange of nanoparticles or biomacromolecules between different compartments. Nanoparticles postloading by swollen pH switchable polymersomes is investigated and nanoparticles locations at or within polymersome membrane and polymersome lumen are precisely determined. Validation of transmembrane diffusion properties is performed based on nanoparticles of different origin—gold, glycopolymer protein mimics, and the enzymes myoglobin and esterase—with dimensions between 5 and 15 nm. This process is compared with the in situ loading of nanoparticles during polymersome formation and analyzed by advanced multiple‐detector asymmetrical flow field‐flow fractionation (AF4). These experiments are supported by complementary i) release studies of protein mimics from polymersomes, ii) stability and cyclic pH switches test for in polymersome encapsulated myoglobin, and iii) cryogenic transmission electron microscopy studies on nanoparticles loaded polymersomes. Different locations (e.g., membrane and/or lumen) are identified for the uptake of each protein. The protein locations are extracted from the increasing scaling parameters and the decreasing apparent density of enzyme‐containing polymersomes as determined by AF4. Postloading demonstrates to be a valuable tool for the implementation of cell‐like functions in polymersomes.
Laser Sintering of Zn Microparticles and Its Application in Printable Biodegradable Electronics
Authors: Feng Shuxuan , Tian Zishen , Wang Jing , Cao Shitai , Kong Desheng 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe rapid expansion of electronic technology and short lifespan of consumer devices create a huge amount of electronic waste. The disposal of discarded devices represents a serious environmental challenge. Biodegradable devices are able to decompose into benign components after a period of stable operation during its service life, which represents a potential solution to reduce the environmental footprint of electronic technology. The widespread applications of biodegradable electronics are still hampered by the lack of facile manufacturing approach for high quality devices. Here, a laser sintering technique to weld naturally oxidized Zn microparticles into biodegradable conductors is reported. The sintering process is carried out under ambient conditions and compatible with various biodegradable substrates. A low‐cost fabrication procedure involving stencil printing and laser treatment is established to create conductive features with excellent conductivity and mechanical durability. The practical suitability of printed Zn conductor is demonstrated by fabricating near‐field communication tags, which are flexible and fully functional with the transient behavior modulated by the choice of packaging materials. The printed biodegradable conductor may find potential applications in eco‐friendly sensors, transient printed circuit boards, and implantable medical devices.
Modulating Electrical Performances of In2O3 Nanofiber Channel Thin Film Transistors via Sr Doping
Authors: Song Longfei , Luo Linqu , Li Xuan , Liu Di , Han Ning , Liu Lei , Qin Yuanbin , Ho Johnny C. , Wang Fengyun 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAlthough In2O3 nanofibers (NFs) are considered as one of the fundamental building blocks for future electronics, the further development of these NFs devices is still seriously hindered by the large leakage current, low on/off current ratio (Ion/Ioff), and large negative threshold voltage (VTH) due to the excess carriers existed in the NFs. A simple one‐step electrospinning process is employed here to effectively control the carrier concentration of In2O3 NFs by selectively doping strontium (Sr) element to improve their electrical device performance. The optimal devices (3.6 mol% Sr doping concentration) can yield the high field‐effect mobility (μfe ≈ 3.67 cm2 V−1 s−1), superior Ion/Ioff ratio (≈108), and operation in the energy‐efficient enhancement‐mode. High‐κ Al2O3 thin films can also be employed as the gate dielectric to give the gate voltage greatly reduced by 10× (from 40 to 4 V) and the μfe substantially increased by 4.8× (to 17.2 cm2 V−1 s−1). The electrospun E‐mode Sr‐In2O3 NF field‐effect transistors (NFFETs) can as well be integrated into full swing of inverters with excellent performances, further elucidating the significant advance of this electrospinning technique toward practical applications for future low‐cost, energy‐efficient, large‐scale, and high‐performance electronics.
Graphitic Carbon Nitride Induced Micro‐Electric Field for Dendrite‐Free Lithium Metal Anodes
Authors: Lu Ziyang , Liang Qinghua , Wang Bo , Tao Ying , Zhao Yufeng , Lv Wei , Liu Donghai , Zhang Chen , Weng Zhe , Liang Jiachen , Li Huan , Yang Quan‐Hong 
Published: January 2019

AbstractUncontrolled dendrites resulting from nonuniform lithium (Li) nucleation/growth and Li volume expansion during charging cause serious safety problems for Li anode‐based batteries. Here the coating of nickel foam with graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) to have a 3D current collector (g‐C3N4@Ni foam) for dendrite‐free Li metal anodes is reported. The lithiophilic g‐C3N4 coupled with the 3D framework is demonstrated to be highly effective for promoting the uniform deposition of Li and suppressing the formation of dendrites. Both density functional theory calculations and experimental studies indicate the formation of a micro‐electric field resulting from the tri‐s‐triazine units of g‐C3N4, which induces numerous Li nuclei during the initial nucleation stage, effectively guiding the following Li growth on the 3D Ni foam to be well distributed. Furthermore, the 3D porous framework is favorable for absorbing any volume change and stabilizing the solid–electrolyte interphase layer during repeated Li plating/stripping. As such, a Li metal anode based on the g‐C3N4@Ni foam has a remarkable electrochemical performance with a high Coulombic efficiency (98% retention after 300 cycles), an ultralong lifespan up to 900 h, as well as a low overpotential (<15 mV at 1.0 mA cm−2) at a Li deposition of 9.0 mA h cm−2.
Mechanically fabricated Metal–organic framework/resin composite nanoparticles for efficient basic catalysis
Authors: Zhang Zhi‐Hui , Qian Bing‐Bing , Sheng Pan‐Pan , Yang Sen , Huang Xian‐Feng , Wang Jin‐Long , Chen Qun , Wang Liang , He Ming‐Yang 
Published: January 2019

Zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 (ZIF‐8) was successfully composited with an anionic basic resin 201 × 7 (717‐resin) to provide a novel ZIF‐8/717‐resin composite. Its catalytic activity toward the Knoevenagel condensation reaction was evaluated. Results showed that ZIF‐8/717‐resin composite could efficiently catalyze this reaction, affording the corresponding products in good to excellent yields. Good functional group tolerance, mild reaction conditions, good stability and reusability of the catalyst are the major features of present protocol.
In‐Situ covalent synthesis of gold nanorods on GO surface as ultrasensitive Raman probe
Authors: Guo Jian , Yan Li , Geng Jian , Zhu Geng , Han Guo‐Zhi 
Published: January 2019

In this paper, using thiolated graphene oxide (GO‐O‐SH) as substrate, gold nanorods (AuNRs) covalently linked to the GO surface by in‐situ seed growth method were first reported. The as‐prepared composites were characterized by UV–vis spectrum, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR). Experimental results indicated that the introduction of short flexible organic chain between GO and AuNRs contributed to the homogenous synthesis of gold rods, and uniform gold nanorods with aspect ratio within 3~8 were covalently linked to the surface of GO with high stability and yield. The strategy represented an outstanding improvement in comparison to the traditional route for fabricating GO@AuNRs composites. Furthermore, based on coupling of the two nanomaterials, the composites could act as high sensitive Raman probe with limit of detection (LOD) reaching 1 × 10−12 M.
Glycerol and Acetate Additions to Maximize Lipid Content in High‐Density Cultures of Phagotrophic Alga Ochromonas danica
Authors: Lin Zhongye , Li Cong , Ju Lu‐Kwang 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWaste organics conversion to algal lipid is environmentally friendly and it promotes sustainability. Achieving high‐lipid content in cells is crucial to the economic feasibility of algal lipid production and collection. Here, a phagotrophic microalga Ochromonas danica was grown on waste ketchup and then stimulated to accumulate high‐lipid content using glycerol and acetate. Individually, glycerol and acetate could increase lipid synthesis. Sequential glycerol‐then‐acetate addition was more effective; for an O. danica culture with 0.25 g L−1 cells, the intracellular lipid content was increased to 70–80% (w/w) in 6–12 hours. However, acetate added at >1 g L−1 damaged cells. For high‐density (25 g L−1) fermentations, glycerol and acetate addition strategies were evaluated to overcome this inhibition. Results indicated that glycerol could be added in batches or continuously as long as the amount was sufficient to satisfy the glycerol consumption rate of 6 mg (g cells‐hour)−1 while acetic acid needed to be added continuously, optimal at a rate of 0.27–0.30 g hour−1 or 12–14 mg (g cells‐hour)−1. Intracellular lipid content could reach 70–80% after 2‐day supplementation of glycerol and acetic acid. The methods of glycerol/acetate additions developed here enhance algal lipid production and enable effective conversion of organic wastes to algal lipids as sustainable bioproducts.
Effect of aromatic substitution on the kinetics and properties of epoxy cured tri‐phenylether amines
Authors: Varley Russell J. , Dao Buu , Tucker Sam , Christensen Steve , Wiggins Jeffrey , Dingemans Theo , Vogel Wouter , Marchetti Martino , Madzarevic Zeljka 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTThe reaction kinetics and structure property relationships of isomeric tri‐aromatic ether‐linked amines based on the structure bis (aminophenoxy) benzene, cured with diglycidyl ether of bisphenol F (BisF) are investigated in this study. Reaction kinetics are explored using rheological and calorimetric measurements, whereas structure property relationships are determined from their flexural properties, dynamic mechanical properties (DMTA), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). A BisF network cured with 4,4 diamino diphenyl sulphone (44 DDS) is used as a benchmark to represent a commercially available high‐performance resin system. Varying the substitution of the ether linkages on the aromatic groups from ortho, meta to para was found to have a significant impact on reactivity and network properties after cure. The variations are explained in terms of inductive and resonance effects primarily acting on the outer aromatic rings. Interestingly, however, these same effects acting on the central aromatic ring also impact upon reactivity despite their proximity from the amines. Mechanical and thermal properties are explained by changes in the short‐range molecular mobility within the network architecture such as phenylene rotations or π flips and are experimentally validated from the breadth and position of the subambient γ relaxations. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47383.
The rate of early neurological deterioration occurring after thrombolytic therapy: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Hou Xiaowen , Chen Wanli , Xu Haibin , Zhu Zhi , Xu Yuanyuan , Chen Huisheng 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe rate of early neurological deterioration (END) occurring after thrombolytic therapy is controversial. To explore a more precise estimation of the rate, a meta‐analysis was conducted in the present study.MethodsThe relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Collaboration Database up to June 2018. The definition of END was prespecified according to the most commonly used definition: ≥4‐point increase in National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale between admission and 24 hr. The meta‐analysis was performed by using the STATA 12.ResultsEleven studies with a total of 3,539 subjects, including 373 patients with END and 3,166 patients without END, were collected. The pooled analysis showed that the rate of END occurring after thrombolytic therapy was about 11.0% (95% CI: 7.8%–14.3%). Subgroup analysis by continent showed that the rate of END occurring after thrombolytic therapy of patients in Asia (15.9%, 95% CI: 7.4%–24.5%) was higher than in Europe (7.6%, 95% CI: 4.9%–10.3%) and in North America (11.8%, 95% CI: 8.5%–15.0%). Subgroup analysis by onset to treatment time (OTT) displayed that the rate of END occurring after thrombolytic therapy was 5.4% (95% CI: 1.2%–9.5%), 15.6% (95% CI: 9.6%–21.5%), and 18.5% (95% CI: 11.2%–25.8%) for the patients whose OTT ≤120.0 min, from 120.1 to 179.9 min, from 180.0 to 270.0 min, respectively.ConclusionThe rate of END occurring after thrombolytic therapy is about 11.0%. This finding may provide a scientific reference for researchers to evaluate the efficacy and safety of thrombolytic therapy.
Assessment of 4‐Aminoantipyrine Degradation and Mineralization by Photoelectro‐Fenton with a Boron‐Doped Diamond Anode: Optimization, Treatment in Municipal Secondary Effluent, and Toxicity
Authors: da Silva Lucas M. , Gozzi Fábio , Cavalcante Rodrigo P. , de Oliveira Silvio C. , Brillas Enric , Sirés Ignasi , Machulek Amilcar 
Published: January 2019

Abstract4‐Aminoantipyrine (4‐AA), a persistent metabolite of dipyrone found in natural water, has been treated in 100 mL of aqueous 0.050 M Na2SO4 solutions at pH 3.0 by photoelectro‐Fenton (PEF) with a 4 W UVA lamp. The assays were performed in a cell equipped with a boron‐doped diamond (BDD) anode and an air‐diffusion cathode for H2O2 generation. The formation of an unstable Fe(III)‐4‐AA complex with 1 : 2 molar ratio was evidenced. A 24 central composite design was used to assess the effect of four independent variables on PEF performance. The optimized conditions for 62.5 mg L−1 4‐AA were: current density of 77.5 mA cm−2 and 47.75 mg L−1 Fe2+, yielding 99 % 4‐AA degradation at 7 min, and 45 % 4‐AA mineralization with 3.2 % mineralization current efficiency at 130 min. Slightly slower degradation and similar mineralization were obtained under these conditions when 4‐AA was spiked into a municipal secondary effluent, showing a low influence of natural organic matter on PEF. The initially high acute toxicity determined using Artemia salina was largely diminished upon PEF treatment.
Modelling of H2 consumption and process optimization for hydrotreating of light gas oils
Authors: Pinos Adrian A. Rodriguez , Badoga Sandeep , Dalai Ajay K. , Adjaye John 
Published: January 2019

AbstractHydrogen consumption regression models were developed for the hydrotreating of various light gas oil streams derived from Canadian oil sands including virgin light gas oil (VLGO), hydrocracker light gas oil (HLGO), coker light gas oil (KLGO), and a partially hydrotreated heavy gas oil (PHTHGO) stream over commercial NiMo/ɣ‐Al2O3 in a micro‐trickle bed reactor. The experiments were designed by central composite design (CCD) and covered a wide range of temperatures (353–387 °C), pressures (8.27–10.12 MPa), and liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV) (0.7–2.3 h−1), at H2/oil ratio = 600 m3 H2/m3 oil. A composite regression model comprising of all four feed streams was also developed and tested against a new batch of experimental data. The composite model compared favourably with the experimental data. In addition, the composite model fits better than similar correlations from the literature.The effects of process conditions on hydrodesulphurization (HDS), hydrodenitrogenation (HDN), and hydrodearomatization (HDA) conversions were also studied in this work. Based on the experimental data, regression models were developed for each feedstock to obtain the optimum conditions to maximize hydrotreating conversions.
Adsorption of naphthenic acids from oil sand process‐affected water with water‐insoluble poly(β‐cyclodextrin‐citric acid)
Authors: Liang Hao , Zou Changjun 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWith polyvinyl alcohol as the main chain, a water‐insoluble poly(β‐cyclodextrin‐citric acid) was prepared as a supramolecular adsorbent for the treatment of oil sand process‐affected water (OSPW) containing naphthenic acids (NAs). FT‐IR, TGA, and SEM were used for the characterization of adsorbent, and an automatic infrared oil analyzer was used to monitor the concentration change of NAs in the water. The adsorption behaviour and mechanism were explored by adsorption kinetics and thermodynamic studies. The results showed that the adsorption process could be described well with the Langmuir isothermal adsorption model and quasi‐second‐order kinetic model, which indicated that the host‐guest interaction of β‐cyclodextrin promoted the adsorption of NAs. The discussion regarding pH indicated that the neutral condition (pH = 7) was considered the best. In addition, a molecular dynamics simulation was carried out using a Materials Studio package purchased from Accelrys to verify that the structure with polyvinyl alcohol as main chain was beneficial to adsorption. The excellent adsorption capacity (qmax was 193.42 mg · g−1) and reusability of the poly(β‐cyclodextrin‐citric acid) indicated its potential as practical adsorbent for the treatment of OSPW.