bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delayed Birth-Related Femur Fracture after Cesarean Section: A Case Report
Authors: Kanai Yuji , Honda Yoshinobu , Honda Tsuyoshi , Sanpei Minoru 
Published: August 2018

Background Birth-related femur fractures are rare. They have been reported following difficult delivery and are commonly diagnosed immediately after birth or on the following day. However, some birth-related femur fractures are diagnosed several days after birth. Mechanisms underlying the development of delayed femur fracture are incompletely understood.
Case We report the case of a girl diagnosed with a left spiral femur fracture with associated edema and hypoesthesia on postpartum day 9. A nondisplacement femur fracture was identified on plain radiography at birth after cesarean section; however, it was undiagnosed due to the lack of symptoms. She was treated with plaster cast fixation; the physical examination at age 1 was normal. Herein, the diagnosis of birth-related femur fracture according to plain radiography findings suggests that the symptoms related to birth trauma develop several days after birth.
Conclusion Birth-related fracture should be considered in all neonatal femur fracture cases and in patients with no symptoms at birth. Neonates delivered in the breech presentation by cesarean section should be carefully monitored after birth. The findings of the present case further our understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying delayed diagnosis of birth-related femur fracture.
Hook Plate for Volar Rim Fractures of the Distal Radius: Review of the First 23 Cases and Focus on Dorsal Radiocarpal Dislocation
Authors: Biondi Marco , Keller Marco , Merenghi Letizia , Gabl Markus , Lauri Giulio 
Published: August 2018

Background Fragment-specific fixation of the distal radius is born to fix each articular fragment with limited surgical approach and low-profile devices. Over time, many devices with different designs and characteristics have been developed. However, many of them have showed the inability to securely fix marginal, small, and comminuted fragments as bony ligament avulsions and bony compression injuries.
Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcome of a new device born to treat marginal articular fractures of the distal radius.
Patients and Methods A retrospective review was conducted on 23 patients with a mean follow-up of 21 months including postoperative clinical evaluation, grip strength, computed tomography scan, and X-ray control.
Results All fragments healed and maintained reduced until the final follow-up. The carpus was aligned with the distal radius in all patients presenting with a radiocarpal dislocation.
Conclusion The volar rim fragment is an attachment site for the short radiolunate and the volar distal radioulnar ligament. Its unstable fixation can lead to articular incongruity, volar or dorsal subluxation of the carpus, and distal radioulnar instability. The involvement of this fragment on distal radius fractures is relatively common and many studies of the literature have been focused on its treatment. The Hook Plate stabilizes distal fragments at their bone–ligament interface. In addition to bony reduction, the device permits to stabilize the capsule and ligaments, as volar bony ligament avulsions, in a picture of dorsal radiocarpal dislocation.
Level of Evidence This is a Level IV, case series.
Prognostic Factors for Liver Transplantation in Unresectable Hepatoblastoma
Authors: Cano Esther , Dore Mariela , Jimenez Gomez Javier , Sánchez Galán Alba , Vilanova-Sánchez Alejandra , Andres Ane , Encinas Jose , Martinez Leopoldo , Hernandez Francisco , Lopez Santamaria Manuel , Triana Junco Paloma 
Published: August 2018

Aim Hepatoblastoma is the most frequent hepatic tumor in children, and its initial presentation will affect treatment and prognosis. The aim of this study is to evaluate long-term results of liver transplantation in children with unresectable hepatoblastoma.
Patients and Methods This is a retrospective review of patients with hepatoblastoma who underwent liver transplantation, analyzing risk factors, tumor presentation, treatment, and long-term survival to identify prognostic factors.
Results Thirty-one patients underwent liver transplantation in the context of unresectable hepatoblastoma, mainly males (67%) and with risk factors such as prematurity (12.9%), maternal smoking (6.5%), and familial adenomatous polyposis (3.2%). Most frequent presentation was multifocal PRETEXT III (51.6%) and PRETEXT IV (45.2%), with metastasis at diagnosis in 12.9% and vascular involvement in 54.8%.Twenty-one patients received a living-donor (67.7%) and 10 a cadaveric graft (32.2%), at 31.7 months of age (5–125). Most transplants were primary, and only two were performed as rescue therapy after an attempt of surgical resection of the tumor.Overall survival 1 and 5 years after transplantation were 93.3% ± 4.6% and 86.4% ± 6.3%, respectively. We could not find any statistically significant differences between risk factors, tumor presentation, type of graft, or type of transplant.
Conclusion Liver transplantation has increased hepatoblastoma survival in unresectable tumors. Probably due to these good results, we have not been able to find significant prognostic factors in this cohort.
Differential inhibition of pyramidal cells and inhibitory interneurons along the rostrocaudal axis of anterior piriform cortex
Authors: Large Adam M. , Vogler Nathan W. , Canto-Bustos Martha , Friason F. Kathryn , Schick Paul , Oswald Anne-Marie M. 
Published: August 2018

Significance
In most primary sensory cortical areas, sensory information is topographically organized. The spatial mapping of sensory features has proven useful in elucidating circuit mechanisms that underlie sensory representations in the brain. The piriform cortex is postulated to play a prominent role in the formation of odor percepts but lacks a topographic representation for odor information. Consequently, the circuit mechanisms underlying odor processing have remained elusive. We show spatial patterning of inhibition along the rostrocaudal axis of piriform cortex that differs with respect to excitatory and inhibitory neurons. Exploration of the underlying mechanisms revealed that inhibitory circuits differ in rostral vs. caudal piriform cortex. This rostrocaudal spatial organization could provide a scaffold for investigating circuit computations during odor processing.
RETRACTED: How Does Climate Change Make a State More Fragile?
Authors: He Zhaoying , Hu Xiao , Yuan Zhengrong , Du Juan , Yang Junyan 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
This paper studies the degree of state fragility and the influence of climate change on fragility by the building of a state fragility assessment model. Firstly, based on the collected data, we constructed a three-level fragility assessment system. Five comprehensive indexes of the government, safety, society, climate and economy are obtained by PCA (Principal Component Analysis) from 16 representative primary indicators. The weights of five indexes are determined by the Entropy Method. Finally, we got the SFI (State Fragility Index) through the MADM (Multi-Attribute Decision Making) model. Secondly, we selected the Central African Republic and chose the year of 2014 as the sample which had the largest increasing rate to study how the variable of climate change impacted on a state’s fragility. We found that there was a drought increasing its CSI and Economy Fragility Index (EFI) and consequently made the state more fragile. Then we use the TSM (Time Series Method) to predict the fragility index of Central Africa in 2014 without the impact of climate change. The improvements can be seen from the declines in its state fragility (from 1.75 to 1.68) and the results of the CSI and EFI.
The Metabolic Syndrome Does Not Affect Development of Collateral Circulation in the Poststenotic Swine Kidney
Authors: Zhang Xin , Kim Seo Rin , Ferguson Christopher M , Ebrahimi Behzad , Hedayat Ahmad F , Lerman Amir , Lerman Lilach O 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The collateral circulation is important in maintenance of blood supply to the ischemic kidney distal to renal artery stenosis (RAS). Obesity metabolic syndrome (MetS) preserves renal blood flow (RBF) in the stenotic kidney, but whether this is related to an increase of collateral vessel growth is unknown. We hypothesized that MetS increased collateral circulation around the renal artery.

METHODS
Twenty-one domestic pigs were randomly divided into unilateral RAS fed an atherogenic (high-fat/high-fructose, MetS-RAS) or standard diet, or controls (n = 7 each). RBF, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and the peristenotic collateral circulation were assessed after 10 weeks using multidetector computed tomography (CT) and the intrarenal microcirculation by micro-CT. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression was studied in the renal artery wall, kidney, and perirenal fat. Renal fibrosis and stiffness were examined by trichrome and magnetic resonance elastography.

RESULTS
Compared with controls, RBF and GFR were decreased in RAS, but not in MetS-RAS. MetS-RAS formed peristenotic collaterals to the same extent as RAS pigs but induced greater intrarenal microvascular loss, fibrosis, stiffness, and inflammation. MetS-RAS also attenuated VEGF expression in the renal tissue compared with RAS, despite increased expression in the perirenal fat.

CONCLUSIONS
MetS does not interfere with collateral vessel formation in the stenotic kidney, possibly because decreased renal arterial VEGF expression offsets its upregulation in perirenal fat, arguing against a major contribution of the collateral circulation to preserve renal function in MetS-RAS. Furthermore, preserved renal function does not protect the poststenotic kidney from parenchymal injury.
Brain Activity Tracks Population Information Sharing by Capturing Consensus Judgments of Value
Authors: Doré B P , Scholz C , Baek E C , Garcia J O , O’Donnell M B , Bassett D S , Vettel J M , Falk E B 
Published: August 2018

AbstractInformation that is shared widely can profoundly shape society. Evidence from neuroimaging suggests that activity in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), a core region of the brain’s valuation system tracks with this sharing. However, the mechanisms linking vmPFC responses in individuals to population behavior are still unclear. We used a multilevel brain-as-predictor approach to address this gap, finding that individual differences in how closely vmPFC activity corresponded with population news article sharing related to how closely its activity tracked with social consensus about article value. Moreover, how closely vmPFC activity corresponded with population behavior was linked to daily life news experience: frequent news readers tended to show high vmPFC across all articles, whereas infrequent readers showed high vmPFC only to articles that were more broadly valued and heavily shared. Using functional connectivity analyses, we found that superior tracking of consensus value was related to decreased connectivity of vmPFC with a dorsolateral PFC region associated with controlled processing. Taken together, our results demonstrate variability in the brain’s capacity to track crowd wisdom about information value, and suggest (lower levels of) stimulus experience and vmPFC–dlPFC connectivity as psychological and neural sources of this variability.
In Vitro Activities of Ceftaroline/Avibactam, Ceftazidime/Avibactam, and Other Comparators Against Pathogens From Various Complicated Infections in China
Authors: Zhou Menglan , Cheng Jingwei , Liu Yali , Hu Yunjian , Liu Yingmei , Lu Juan , Zhang Shufang , Yu Yunsong , Huang Xun , Yang Qing , Liao Kang , Jin Yan , Huang Wenxiang , Feng Xianju , Yang Qiwen , Xu Yingchun 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Background
We conducted a national antimicrobial surveillance study of both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms isolated from hospitalized patients. This report presents data on antimicrobial susceptibility among 4998 organisms collected in China between 2012 and 2014.

Method
The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and susceptibilities of ceftaroline/avibactam (CPA), ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA) and a range of comparative agents were determined according to guidelines established by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI).

Results
The highest overall susceptibility levels for all Enterobacteriaceae during the study period were observed for CPA, CZA, doripenem (DOR), meropenem (MEM), and amikacin (AMK), which were all &gt;90%. However, both CPT and CAZ alone and in combination with avibactam showed low activities for Acinetobacter spp., whereas CPA and CZA exhibited MIC90 values for Pseudomonas aeruginosa that were reduced by 4- and 8-fold, respectively, compared with those of CPT and CAZ. High susceptibilities of Acinetobacter spp. and P. aeruginosa to colistin and P. aeruginosa to AMK were observed. For the gram-positive strains, no significant activity changes were seen for Enterococcus, Staphylococcus, and viridans group streptococci to CPT or CAZ alone or in combination with avibactam, whereas Streptococcus pneumoniae and β-hemolytic Streptococcus showed almost 100% susceptibility to both CPT and CPA.

Conclusion
The addition of 4 mg/L avibactam greatly increased the activities of CPT and CAZ against most Enterobacteriaceae and P. aeruginosa isolates, whereas no significant changes were observed in Acinetobacter spp. or any of the gram-positive strains.
Improving asylum seekers’ health awareness in a Hungarian refugee reception centre
Authors: Marek Erika , D’Cruz Gibson , Katz Zoltan , Szilard Istvan , Berenyi Karoly , Feiszt Zsofia 
Published: August 2018

Summary
Due to its long border of the European Union Schengen Area, Hungary has long been affected by the rapidly growing inward migration towards the EU, which has become more acute in recent years. Inadequate access to healthcare among migrants has been widely reported and this may be due to a vast array of factors and may result in poorer health outcomes. Between August 2014 and April 2015 a questionnaire survey was conducted among migrants from a range of countries residing in the largest Hungarian refugee reception centre to establish participants’ health knowledge and access to healthcare in Hungary (medical assessment, vaccination, etc.). The survey was complemented with an educational program which aimed to increase participants’ awareness of healthcare provision and to promote the prevention of the infectious diseases that are common in Europe. The results showed that half the participants (52%) had no information of healthcare provision and the majority (61%) did not participate in any medical assessment since arriving in the reception centre. Since under-immunization may be a potential risk for the re-emergence of vaccine-preventable diseases for recipient countries, it was alarming that a significant proportion of African participants (21%) reported not having received any childhood vaccinations. Data demonstrated deficiencies in participants’ health knowledge and also an urgent need to address mental health problems of arriving migrants. This article offers a valuable insight into the role of health educational interventions conducted for asylum seekers in refugee reception centres and discusses a number of practical application aspects for future educational programs.
Evidence on the Association Between Cigarette Smoking and Incident Depression From the South African National Income Dynamics Study 2008–2015: Mental Health Implications for a Resource-Limited Setting
Authors: Tomita Andrew , Manuel Jennifer I 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Introduction
As a leading global disease risk factor, cigarette smoking has declined in some developed countries, but its health consequences are not well established in sub-Saharan Africa. This is particularly evident in South Africa, where few investigations have quantified the dually neglected challenges of cigarette smoking and depression, despite decades of research from developed countries. We investigated the association between cigarette smoking and incident depression, with the hypothesis that adolescents are particularly vulnerable.

Methods
Panel data from the South African National Income Dynamics Study, a nationally representative sample of households at follow-up periods (years 2008–2015), were used. Our incident cohort consists of 14 118 adult participants who were depression free at baseline. The generalized estimating equation models were fitted to assess the association between current cigarette smoking and incident depression.

Results
Current cigarette smoking among individuals aged at least 15 was significantly associated with incidents of depression among men (adjusted relative risk [aRR] = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.01 to 1.34), but not women. When the analyses were restricted to a sample population of older adolescents (ages 15–19), current cigarettes smoking was significantly associated with incident depression in both men (aRR = 1.84, 95% CI = 1.18 to 2.88) and women (aRR = 2.47, 95% CI = 1.15 to 5.29).

Conclusion
The results suggest an important relationship between cigarette smoking and incident depression, particularly among older adolescents, who are developmentally vulnerable and socioeconomically disadvantaged to experiencing depression. There is a considerable need to implement and prioritize culturally and developmentally appropriate prevention and cessation measures to reduce cigarette smoking and depression directed at adolescent populations.

Implications
There has been little population level research into the role of smoking on depression in sub-Saharan Africa, a region classified as a tobacco epidemic in the making. Our results have major implications for the often neglected crosscutting issues of tobacco control (Sustainable Development Goal 3.9) and mental health (Sustainable Development Goal 3.4). They indicate the role of smoking on depression, with the association being particularly pronounced among adolescent who are developmentally vulnerable and socioeconomically disadvantaged, and emphasize the need to implement and prioritize prevention and cessation measures directed at this population.
Disruption of G0/G1 switch gene 2 (G0S2) reduced abdominal fat deposition and altered fatty acid composition in chicken
Authors: Park Tae Sub , Park Joonghoon , Lee Jeong Hyo , Park Jeong-Woong , Park Byung-Chul 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTChicken as a food source is one of the most widespread domestic animals, and it has been used extensively as a research model. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)‐CRISPR‐associated protein 9 (Cas9) system is the most efficient and reliable tool for precise genome‐targeted modification and has generated considerable excitement for industrial applications, as well as biologic science. Unlike in mammals, germline‐transmittable primordial germ cells (PGCs) in chicken were used as an alternative strategy for the production of genetically altered chickens. Here, by combining the CRISPR‐Cas9 platform and germ cell‐mediated germline transmission, we generated G0/G1 switch gene 2 (G0S2)knockout (KO)chickens, and G0S2 null KO chickens showed a dramatic reduction of abdominal fat deposition without affecting other economic traits. Additionally, G0S2 null KO chickens had altered fatty acid compositions in their blood and abdominal fat compared with wild‐type chickens under normal dietary conditions. The global mRNA sequencing data showed that G0S2 disruption in chickens would activate the adipose tissue‐specific peroxisomal oxidation pathway, and enoyl‐coenzyme A (CoA), hydratase/3‐hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase might be a target molecule in metabolic homeostasis in the chicken adipose tissue. Our results demonstrate that the CRISPR‐Cas9 system with chicken PGCs can facilitate the production of specific genome‐edited chickens for practical applications, as well as basic research.—Park, T. S., Park, J., Lee, J. H., Park, J.‐W., Park, B.‐C., Disruption of G0/G1 switch gene 2 (G0S2) reduced abdominal fat deposition and altered fatty acid composition in chicken. FASEB J. 33, 1188–1198 (2019). www.fasebj.org
Evaluating the Effectiveness of ATI Nurse’s Touch™ on BSN Student Soft Skills: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Hoffman Jenni L. , Myler Linda , Hines Sandra 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Students in health care today are very different than those of past generations. Health care education requires both innovation and creativity to meet the changing needs of students. Soft skills such as leadership, communication, nursing informatics, technology, and professionalism can sometimes be lost in pursuit of scientific knowledge. The purpose of this descriptive pilot study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a product designed to assist in the development of soft skills in a bachelor of science in nursing curriculum. This research did not support the additive value of this particular product but recommended further research at other curricular levels.
Prophylactic Pregabalin to Decrease Pain During Medication Abortion
Authors: Friedlander EmmaKate B. , Soon Reni , Salcedo Jennifer , Davis James , Tschann Mary , Kaneshiro Bliss 
Published: August 2018

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate whether prophylactic pregabalin reduces pain experienced with medication abortion.

METHODS:
We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of women initiating medication abortion with mifepristone and buccal misoprostol up to 70 days of gestation. Participants were randomized to 300 mg oral pregabalin or a placebo immediately before misoprostol. The primary outcome was maximum pain on an 11-point numerical rating scale, reported using real-time electronic surveys over 72 hours. Secondary outcomes included pain at each time point, ibuprofen and narcotic use, side effects, and satisfaction. We estimated that 110 women would be required to have 80% power to detect a difference in pain of 1.3 points.

RESULTS:
Between June 2015 and October 2016, 241 women were screened and 110 were randomized (56 pregabalin, 54 placebo). Three were lost to follow-up. The primary outcome of mean maximum pain in the pregabalin group was 5.0±2.6 vs 5.5±2.2 in the placebo group (P=.32). Excluding medication taken before the study capsule, ibuprofen was used by 64% (35/55) of the pregabalin group vs 87% (45/52) placebo (P<.01). Narcotics were used by 29% (16/55) of the pregabalin group vs 50% (26/52) placebo (P<.03). More dizziness (P<.001), sleepiness (P<.04), and blurred vision (P<.05) occurred in the pregabalin group. Satisfaction scores for the analgesic regimen were higher in the pregabalin group (very satisfied: 47% vs 22%; P=.006).

CONCLUSION:
Compared with placebo, 300 mg pregabalin coadministered with misoprostol during medication abortion did not significantly decrease maximum pain scores. Women who received pregabalin were less likely to require any ibuprofen or narcotic and were more likely to report higher satisfaction with analgesia, despite an increase in dizziness, sleepiness, and blurred vision.

CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION:

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02782169.