bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impulsive Coronal Heating from Large-scale Magnetic Rearrangements: From IRIS to SDO/AIA
Authors: Reale Fabio , Testa Paola , Petralia Antonino , Graham David R. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) has observed bright spots at the transition region footpoints associated with heating in the overlying loops, as observed by coronal imagers. Some of these brightenings show significant blueshifts in the Si iv line at 1402.77 Å (

). Such blueshifts cannot be reproduced by coronal loop models assuming heating by thermal conduction only, but are consistent with electron beam heating, highlighting for the first time the possible importance of nonthermal electrons in the heating of nonflaring active regions. Here we report on the coronal counterparts of these brightenings observed in the hot channels of the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory. We show that the IRIS bright spots are the footpoints of very hot and transient coronal loops that clearly experience strong magnetic interactions and rearrangements, thus confirming the impulsive nature of the heating and providing important constraints for their physical interpretation.
On the Growth and Saturation of the Gyroresonant Streaming Instabilities
Authors: Holcomb Cole , Spitkovsky Anatoly 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The self-regulation of cosmic-ray (CR) transport in the interstellar and intracluster media has long been viewed through the lenses of linear and quasi-linear kinetic plasma physics. Such theories are believed to capture the essence of CR behavior in the presence of self-generated turbulence but cannot describe potentially critical details arising from the nonlinearities of the problem. We utilize the particle-in-cell numerical method to study the time-dependent nonlinear behavior of the gyroresonant streaming instabilities, self-consistently following the combined evolution of particle distributions and self-generated wave spectra in one-dimensional periodic simulations. We demonstrate that the early growth of instability conforms to the predictions from linear physics, but that the late-time behavior can vary depending on the properties of the initial CR distribution. We emphasize that the nonlinear stages of instability depend strongly on the initial anisotropy of CRs—highly anisotropic CR distributions do not efficiently reduce to Alfvénic drift velocities, owing to reduced production of left-handed resonant modes. We derive estimates for the wave amplitudes at saturation and the timescales for nonlinear relaxation of the CR distribution and then demonstrate the applicability of these estimates to our simulations. Bulk flows of the background plasma due to the presence of resonant waves are observed in our simulations, confirming the microphysical basis of CR-driven winds.
Psychological adjustment to injury and acute trauma
Authors: Schomer Hein H. 
Published: August 2019

Man lives in an ever-changing environment. To maintain a relative state of psychological homeostasis essential for optimal functioning man has to learn how to adapt effectively to the manifold demands made on him by the complex social system in which he lives in. For any adaptive behaviour to be maximally successful a person has to possess clear insights into his capacities, values and self-concept. A simple personality model is outlined to elucidate psychological adaptive behaviour processes and to illustrate what impact injury and acute trauma can have on a person’s functioning. In order to make treatment more incisive physiotherapists have to be aware of the psychological adjustments required to cope with injury and acute trauma. Implications are discussed.
Providing Graduate Medical Education Orientation to Program Coordinators: A National Survey and Analysis
Authors: Shah Hemali , Naffouje Samer A. , Ejaz Aslam 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT

Background
The role of a program coordinator (PC) in graduate medical education (GME) has become increasingly important.

Objective
We surveyed PCs nationwide to identify the predictors of better performance outcomes.

Methods
A 58-question survey focusing on metrics that could be used to measure administrative performance was submitted electronically to 1515 PCs. Preplanned analysis was conducted to determine the association between receipt of training and PC performance metrics.

Results
A total of 712 (47%) PCs responded to the survey completely. Most (59%, 422 of 712) were from university programs. Respondents reported having received only GME training (17%, 121 of 712), only peer training (15%, 106 of 712), or both (9%, 67 of 712). Of those who reported, 51% (366 of 712) with GME training and 99% (708 of 712) with peer training found that training was helpful. The PCs who received both GME and peer training reported better performance, including lower rates of delayed starts and graduations, higher rates of compliance in cases and work hour reporting, and higher levels of readiness for internal reviews, GME visits, and the Match. The PCs who received only peer training reported better performance than did those with only GME training. Self-reported factors associated with improved PC performance were having prior administrative experience (β = 0.201, P = .010) and being a PC for a longer time (β = 0.188, P = .027).

Conclusions
Having only GME training did not seem sufficient for an optimal PC performance. A combination of peer and GME orientation yielded the best administrative outcomes.
Dona Maria Baia: uma escritora de si
Authors: Lima José Luiz da Silva , Pedreira Jailma Dos Santos 
Published: August 2019

Esta proposta adentra no universo da cultura popular, das narrativas e poéticas orais, apresentando uma personagem com uma potência criadora singular: Maria José Dantas das Mercês, Dona Maria Baia, sexagenária, agricultora, residente no Assentamento Rose de Santa Luz-BA e detentora de um modo de produção artístico-cultural que apresenta escrituras, “escrevências e feituras” de poesias, letras de música, contos, artesanatos e culinária alternativa. Objetiva-se mostrar como os (a)fazeres poéticos desta personagem, em específico os cânticos e cantorias, ajudaram a produzir outras subjetividades para si e para outras mulheres, interferindo no coletivo comunitário. Metodologicamente, estamos empreendendo uma análise e exploração documental, a partir de acervos institucional cedidos para a pesquisa, o qual aliamos os estudos da literatura e cultura popular pela via da crítica cultural, levando em conta uma perspectiva autobiográfica, os estudos de gênero, de subjetividades e de feminismos. As poéticas, escrituras e performances socioculturais desta personagem tem favorecido uma desconstrução de uma identidade prescrita para ela e outras mulheres, desencadeando outros modos de vida e outra percepção de si, que se desenha como resistência às condições adversas de subalternidade em seu habitat social e ao patriarcado e suas interseccionalidades.
Occupational Therapy in Primary Care: Positioned and Prepared to Be a Vital Part of the Team
Authors: Jordan Katie 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Reilly’s (1962) now deeply cherished statement that “man, through the use of his hands, as they are energized by mind and will, can influence the state of his own health” (p. 1) was followed a few years later with a question to current and future occupational therapy practitioners. In 1966, Reilly asked how the profession would respond to the challenges of an expanding knowledge base, accelerating health care costs, and escalating regulatory burden. Visionary Wilma West, a contemporary of Reilly’s, expanded on these themes by focusing on ways occupational therapy practitioners could leverage the breadth and depth of their practice to confront these challenges. These issues are now paramount in the primary care arena. An expanding body of literature, including the articles in a special section in this issue of the American Journal of Occupational Therapy, supports occupational therapy’s role as a vital part of the solution to contemporary health care challenges. Occupational therapy practitioners are educationally prepared and successfully poised through policy to engage in evidence-based practice in the primary care environment.
Diagnostic reliability of the Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) in routine practice
Authors: Jabar Allen San Shell , Koteshwara Prakashini , Andrade Jasbon 
Published: August 2019

PurposeTo evaluate the diagnostic reliability of Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) classifications described by American College of Radiology (ACR) and Kwak et al. by calculating the risk of malignancy, to assess the role of TI-RADS in reducing fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of benign lesions.Material and methodsThis was a prospective study during the period from December 2017 to August 2018. Thyroid nodules were classified using ACR TI-RADS and TI-RADS proposed by Kwak et al. The TI-RADS categorisations were compared to the final diagnosis obtained by cytopathological/histopathological analysis. The risk of malignancy for each category was calculated. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values for individual suspicious ultrasound features were also assessed.ResultsWe evaluated a total of 127 thyroid nodules. The risk of malignancy was 0% in ACR TR1, 0% in ACR
TR2, 6.9% in ACR TR3, 29.2% in ACR TR4, and 80% in ACR TR5 categories. The risk of malignancy for TI-RADS according to Kwak et al. were 0%, 0%, 21.5%, 32.4%, 100% for TI-RADS 2, 3, 4A, 4B, and 4C categories, respectively. Kwak TI-RADS 2 and 3 had higher sensitivity in predicting benignity compared to ACR TR1 and 2 (35.4% vs. 25.9%).ConclusionsWe found TI-RADS classification to be a reliable, non-invasive, and practical method for assessing thyroid nodules in routine practice. TI-RADS can safely avert avoidable FNACs in a significant proportion of benign thyroid lesions.
Endovascular therapy of arteriovenous malformation in a male patient with severe post-coital pelvic pain
Authors: Zabicki Bartosz , Holstad Marte Johanne V. , Limphaibool Nattakarn , Juszkat Robert 
Published: August 2019

PurposeCongenital pelvic arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are high-flow vascular lesions consisting of abnormal shunts between arteries and veins within a nidus. The rare presentation and extensive network of vasculature contributes to the difficulty in effective treatment. Optimal therapeutic options are determined based on the clinical presentation, the location of the lesion, and possible complications.Case reportA 24-year-old male patient with a history of recurrent pain following sexual intercourse presented with complaints of intense pelvic pain radiating to the perineal area. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) revealed a large venous aneurysm as an outflow vein of a right-sided pelvic AVM. Embolisation of the outflow veins was established along with direct percutaneous delivery of fibre coils and thrombin to the venous aneurysm of the AVM. With recurring symptoms and AVM recanalisation on angiography, another direct puncture and placement of pushable coils was made. Total AVM occlusion was achieved with no recanalisation on follow-up digital subtraction angiography (DSA), and the patient remained asymptomatic.ConclusionsEndovascular embolisation of the nidus area may result in a complete occlusion of an AVM. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the vascular anatomy of the AVM is essential in choosing an effective embolisation strategy and to minimise the risk of possible complications.
Magnetic resonance-guided direct shoulder arthrography for the detection of superior labrum anterior-posterior lesions
using an open 1.0-T MRI scanner
Authors: Berth Alexander , Pozniak Agnieszka , Stendel Linda , Fischbach Frank , Lohmann Christoph , Pech Maciej 
Published: August 2019

PurposeDirect magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA) offers increased diagnostic accuracy compared to conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the detection of superior labrum anterior-posterior (SLAP) lesions. The aim of the present study was to present the technique of magnetic resonance-guided direct shoulder arthrography (MDSA), to evaluate the diagnostic value of this novel MRA procedure to detect SLAP lesions in comparison to the currently practiced MRI, and to correlate the radiological findings to the respective arthroscopic findings.Material and methodsFifty-six patients with clinical signs of a SLAP lesion underwent both MRI examination and MDSA prior to arthroscopic surgery. The MRI of both interventions were compared with the arthroscopic findings. Statistical analysis was performed using the McNemar test.ResultsSensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for detecting SLAP lesions were 23%, 88%, and 54% on MRI and 80%, 81%, and 80% on MDSA, respectively. Sensitivity (p < 0.001) and accuracy (p = 0.001) in detection of SLAP lesions were significantly higher by MDSA whereas accuracy showed no significant differences (p = 0.625).ConclusionsThe MDSA can be performed in an open 1.0-T MRI scanner with a high level of technical success and a reasonable methodical effort. The modification of MRA provides the requirements as a practicable routine shoulder magnetic resonance examination including arthrography to detect SLAP lesions. The diagnostic value is significantly better than MRI examinations without included arthrography, which currently predominates the clinical practice to investigate shoulder pathology.
How to build a mini meteorological station for your school? – A project with a citizen science perspective
Authors: Pető Mária , Király Andrea 
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Thermodynamics and electricity are parts of the 10th grade physics curriculum in Romania, but the exciting questions of
atmospheric physics and meteorology could be answered if we organize special activities. Linking these topics, educators can create many interesting learning opportunities and try new ways of teaching. This paper is based on a school project and experiment that were used during the last school years in the classroom learning and practical outdoor activities with the Science Club students. The aim of the project is to build a device to measure atmospheric climate variables (e.g. air temperature, air pressure, humidity) and to demonstrate and explain some weather phenomenon. The observations are stored in a database, the data archive and visualization of the data are accessible through a webpage. Students from other schools can get involved in the measurements with their own built devices and can upload their own measurement data to the common database, so we could create a weather map for schools. The whole system is planned as a network of minimeteo stations for students.
Evaluation of a unique approach to high-resolution climate modeling using the Model for Prediction Across Scales – Atmosphere (MPAS-A) version 5.1
Authors: Michaelis Allison C. , Lackmann Gary M. , Robinson Walter A. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract. We present multi-seasonal simulations representative of
present-day and future environments using the global Model for Prediction
Across Scales – Atmosphere (MPAS-A) version 5.1 with high resolution (15 km)
throughout the Northern Hemisphere. We select 10 simulation years with
varying phases of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and integrate each
for 14.5 months. We use analyzed sea surface temperature (SST) patterns for
present-day simulations. For the future climate simulations, we alter
present-day SSTs by applying monthly-averaged temperature changes derived
from a 20-member ensemble of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5
(CMIP5) general circulation models (GCMs) following the Representative
Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5 emissions scenario. Daily sea ice fields,
obtained from the monthly-averaged CMIP5 ensemble mean sea ice, are used for
present-day and future simulations. The present-day simulations provide a
reasonable reproduction of large-scale atmospheric features in the Northern
Hemisphere such as the wintertime midlatitude storm tracks,
upper-tropospheric jets, and maritime sea-level pressure features as well as
annual precipitation patterns across the tropics. The simulations also
adequately represent tropical cyclone (TC) characteristics such as strength,
spatial distribution, and seasonal cycles for most Northern Hemisphere
basins. These results demonstrate the applicability of these model
simulations for future studies examining climate change effects on various
Northern Hemisphere phenomena, and, more generally, the utility of MPAS-A
for studying climate change at spatial scales generally unachievable in
GCMs.
Investigação dos conceitos de religiosidade e espiritualidade em amostra clínica e não clínica em contexto brasileiro: uma análise qualitativa
Authors: Curcio Cristiane Schumann Silva , Moreira-Almeida Alexander 
Published: August 2019

Já é conhecido o papel (geralmente positivo) da religiosidade e espiritualidade (R/E) sobre a saúde física e mental dos indivíduos, porém, mesmo com evidências robustas, não existe um consenso científico com relação aos conceitos de R/E, podendo levar a: instrumentos não acurados, ampliação ou “redução” dos conceitos à outros constructos que não necessariamente são R/E. Objetivo: avaliar de forma qualitativa os principais atributos que os conceitos de R/E possuem em uma amostra clínica e não clínica do contexto brasileiro. Métodos: 14 sujeitos, pacientes e acompanhantes de 2 hospitais gerais de Juiz de Fora-MG foram sortedados a partir de uma amostra prévia (estudo quantitativo) e respoderam a um questionário semi (10 questões) sobre os conceitos de R/E. Análise de conteúdo foi utilizada para as interpretações. Resultados: percebe-se insegurança para a definição dos conceitos (especialmente o de espiritualidade), a palavra ‘fé’ presente em muitos discursos, a importância dos aspectos religiosos privados na vida dos respondentes, a associação que os alguns participantes fizeram entre espiritualidade e espiritismo e a maioria acreditar haver algo além do mundo material, especialmente após a morte. Conclusão: fé, religiosidade não organizacional, religiosidade intrínseca e coping religioso espiritual foram as principais dimensões associadas aos conceitos de R/E.
Modern Medical Consequences of the Ancient Evolution of a Long, Flexible Lumbar Spine
Authors: Selby Michael S. , Gillette Austin , Raval Yash , Taufiq Maliha , Sampson Michael J. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Modern human bipedality is unique and requires lumbar lordosis, whereas chimpanzees, our closest relatives, have short lumbar spines rendering them incapable of lordosis. To facilitate lordosis, humans have longer lumbar spines, greater lumbosacral angle, dorsally wedged lumbar vertebral bodies, and lumbar zygapophyseal joints with both increasingly coronal orientation and further caudal interfacet distances. These features limit modern lower lumbar spine and lumbosacral joint ailments, albeit imperfectly. The more coronal zygapophyseal orientation limits spondylolisthesis, while increasing interfacet distance may limit spondylolysis. Common back pain, particularly in people who are obese or pregnant, may result from increased lumbar lordosis, causing additional mass transfer through the zygapophyseal joints rather than vertebral bodies. Reduction in lumbar lordosis, such as in flatback syndrome from decreased lumbosacral angle, can also cause back pain. Human lumbar lordosis is necessary for placing the trunk atop the pelvis and presents a balancing act not required of our closest primate relatives.
The RIPper, a web-based tool for genome-wide quantification of Repeat-Induced Point (RIP) mutations
Authors: van Wyk Stephanie , Harrison Christopher H. , Wingfield Brenda D. , De Vos Lieschen , van der Merwe Nicolaas A. , Steenkamp Emma T. 
Published: August 2019

BackgroundThe RIPper (http://theripper.hawk.rocks) is a set of web-based tools designed for analyses of Repeat-Induced Point (RIP) mutations in the genome sequences of Ascomycota. The RIP pathway is a fungal genome defense mechanism that is aimed at identifying repeated and duplicated motifs, into which it then introduces cytosine to thymine transition mutations. RIP thus serves to deactivate and counteract the deleterious consequences of selfish or mobile DNA elements in fungal genomes. The occurrence, genetic context and frequency of RIP mutations are widely used to assess the activity of this pathway in genomic regions of interest. Here, we present a bioinformatics tool that is specifically fashioned to automate the investigation of changes in RIP product and substrate nucleotide frequencies in fungal genomes.ResultsWe demonstrated the ability of The RIPper to detect the occurrence and extent of RIP mutations in known RIP affected sequences. Specifically, a sliding window approach was used to perform genome-wide RIP analysis on the genome assembly ofNeurospora crassa. Additionally, fine-scale analysis with The RIPper showed that gene regions and transposable element sequences, previously determined to be affected by RIP, were indeed characterized by high frequencies of RIP mutations. Data generated using this software further showed that large proportions of theN. crassagenome constitutes RIP mutations with extensively affected regions displaying reduced GC content. The RIPper was further useful for investigating and visualizing changes in RIP mutations across the length of sequences of interest, allowing for fine-scale analyses.ConclusionThis software identified RIP targeted genomic regions and provided RIP statistics for an entire genome assembly, including the genomic proportion affected by RIP. Here, we present The RIPper as an efficient tool for genome-wide RIP analyses.