bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation between allergic rhinitis & asthma
Authors: Phadtare J.M Phadtare , Ramraje N.N , Kesaria Sumedh , Hegde R.R. 
Published: October 2018

Allergic rhinitis and asthma are both chronic disorders, with an overlapping pathophysiology and both share treatment approaches. The current study examines the interrelationship between Allergic rhinitis and Asthma and discusses the effect of treatment on these conditions. In this study 47 % subjects were male and 53% females. Youngest subject was 21 years, oldest 67 years and the mean age 35 yrs. 7% had Mild, 63% Moderate and 30% severe asthma .It was observed that 60 % of asthmatics had associated rhinitis
Keywords: Allergic rhinitis, Bronchial Asthma
PERBANDINGAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA CEPAT DENGAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA GRAFIK OLEH SISWA KELAS XI SMK SWASTA PAB-2 MEDAN TAHUN PELAJARAN 2017- 2018
Authors: Nirmawan Nirmawan 
Published: October 2018

Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Perbandingan Kemampuan Membaca Cepat Dengan Kemampuan Membaca Grafik Oleh Siswa Kelas XI SMK Swasta PAB-2 Medan Tahun Pembelajaran 2017/2018. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI SMK Swasta PAB-2 Medan Tahun Pembelajaran 2017 - 2018 yang berjumlah 160 siswa yang terdiri dari 4 kelas. Kemudian untuk menentukan sampel digunakan teknik random. berdasarkan undian yang dilakukan terpilih 40 orang sebagai sampel penelitian.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen yaitu metode yang dilakukan dengan mengadakan pengamatan secara teliti terhadap objek tersebut. penulis menggunakan alat pengumpul data berupa tes, yaitu tes esai.Pengolahan analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan rumus uji-t. yaitu untuk mengetahui berapa besar pengaruh variabel x dan variabel y. dan dari hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa hipotesis diterima, karena t hitung > ttabel (1,99 < 3,29 > 2,64), maka hipotesis yang berbunyi “Terdapat Perbedaan Membaca Cepat dengan Membaca Grafik ” dapat diterima.
UNSUR KARAKTER CERITA RAKYAT SI MARDAN
Authors: Alkausar Saragih Rosmawati Harahap, 
Published: October 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini ingin mendeskripsikan unsur karakter yang unggul pada tokoh cerita Si Mardan dan unsur karakter yang gagal pada tokoh cerita Si Mardan. Metode penelitiannya adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan datanya sesuai teknik studi dokumen dan wawancara. Objek penelitiannya adalah cerita rakyat Si Mardan yang terdapat dalam teks karangan Sahril. Hasil penelitian ini terdapat sembilan unsur karakter cerita rakyat Si Mardan yang berfungsi sebagai prasarana didaktis dalam cerita rakyat Melayu. Unsur karakter bangsa yang terdapat dalam cerita rakyat Si Mardan secara umum yakni (1) nilai kejujuran, (2) nilai toleransi (3) nilai disiplin (d) nilai kerja keras, (5) mandiri, (6) nilai rasa ingin tahu, (7) nilai cinta tanah air (8) nilai bersahabat, dan (9) romantis; dan sebagai unsur karakter yang unggul pada tokoh cerita Si Mardan adalah karakter kejujuran dan disiplin sebagai pilar pembangunan karakter dan pendidikan bangsa. Cerita rakyat Si Mardan sebagai anak durhaka adalah kisah palsu yang disengaja dikisahkan anak yan tidak berketaatan. Unsur karakter unggul yang dimiliki Si Mardan adalah unsur karakter bangsa yang bersifat jujur dan disiplin.
KEMAMPUAN SISWA DALAM MENGEKSPRESIKAN PIKIRAN DAN PERASAAN MELALUI KEGIATAN BERCERITA DENGAN METODE ARTIKULASI DI KELAS VII SMP NEGERI 1 TUHEMBERUA TAHUN PEMBELAJARAN 2015/2016
Authors: Gea Tonazaro 
Published: October 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan kemampuan siswa mengekpresikan pikiran dan perasaan melalui kegiatan bercerita melalui metode pembelajaran Artikulasi Tahun Pembelajaran 2015/2016. Konsep pembelajaran yang berpusat pada kecakapan siswa yaitu (1) bercerita berdasarkan gambar, (2) wawancara, (3) bercakap-cakap, (4) berpidato, (5) berdiskusi. Metode penelitian ini berdesain PTK yang dilakukan untuk memperbaiki proses pembelajaran. Setiap pertemuan untuk setiap siklus ditahapi dengan perencanaan maka setiap pertemuan peneliti menyiapkan: (1) rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran (RPP) dengan menggunakan metode artikulasi; (2) LKS; (3) menyiapkan metode pembelajaran; (4) menyediakan lembar observasi untuk siswa, guru, dan untuk peneliti yang berfungsi untuk melihat aktivitas dalam proses pembelajaran yang berfokus pada tindakan-tindakan dalam proses pembelajaran di kelas. Peneliti berkolaborasi dengan guru mata pelajaran. Peneliti sebagai pelaksana kegiatan penelitian, sedangkan guru mata pelajaran berfungsi sebagai pengamat.Objek tindakan dalam penelitian ini adalah (1) penerapan penggunaan metode artikulasi demonstrasi dalam proses pembelajaran; (2) peningkatan motivasi belajar siswa pada kompetensi dasar membuat sambungan kayu melalui penerapan penggunaan metode artikulasi. Pada pertemuan pertama siklus I dengan rerata hasil observasi proses pembelajaran pada siklus I sama dengan 2,47 dalam kategori cukup. Hal ini berarti siswa tampak tidak terlibat aktif dalam proses pembelajaran. Persentase ketidakaktifan siswa mencapai 21,74%. Minat siswa dalam proses pembelajaran adalah 2,78 dengan rata-rata partisipasi siswa hanya 2,00. Untuk mengatasi beberapa kelemahan pada pertemuan pertama ini maka beberapa perbaikan yang dilakukan pada pertemuan II antara lain: (1) mempersiapkan diri lebih baik lagi terutama dalam hal menerapkan metode artikulasi, teknik pembagian kelompok, penguasaaan kelas, memberikan pertanyaan dan melakukan evaluasi pada proses pembelajaran; (2) memberikan perhatian lebih kepada siswa-siswa yang tidak terlibat aktif pada pertemuan sebelumnya; (3) memotivasi siswa untuk lebih aktif dalam pembelajaran; (4) mengupayakan keadaan kelas yang lebih kondusif dan juga menyenangkan. Refleksi pada Siklus II berdasarkan hasil observasi proses pembelajaran diperoleh rata-rata 3,40 tergolong kategori baik. Hal ini berarti bahwa pelaksanaan proses pembelajaran dengan menerapkan metode artikulasi sudah baik dan meningkat maksimal.
Efektivitas Implementasi Kebijakan Penilaian Autentik pada Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam
Authors: Kusnadi Dede , Fattah Nanang , Husaini Adian , Ruhenda Ruhenda 
Published: October 2018

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : 1) mengetahui efektivitas implementasi kebijakan penilaian autentik, 2) menganalisis implementasi penilaian autentik pada pembelajaran PAI, 3) menjelaskan faktor pendukung dan penghambat dalam efektivitas implementasi kebijakan penilaian autentik dan 4) menjelaskan dampak implementasi kebijakan penilaian autentik terhadap kinerja guru. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori model Goerge C. Edward III yang mengukur keberhasilan suatu implementasi kebijakan melalui komunikasi, sumber daya, disposisi dan struktur birokrasi. Keempat faktor tersebut sangat bermakna bagi implementasi kebijakan di sekolah. Sebab, implementasi kebijakan merupakan kunci sukses sebuah perintah, jika gagal dalam melaksanakan suatu kebijakan berarti kegagalan dalam mencapai tujuan. Sedangkan pelaksanaan implementasi penilaian autentik pembelajaran PAI harus mengacu kepada Permendikbud Nomor : 23 Tahun 2016 tentang Standar Penilaian Pendidikan yang menilai peserta didik meliputi aspek sikap, pengetahuan dan keterampilan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif melalui analisis deskriptif dengan model studi kasus. subjek penelitiannya adalah Guru PAI. Data diperoleh melalui data primer dengan cara observasi langsung dan wawancara, sedangkan data sekunder melalui dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian dan temuan dilapangan adalah sebagai berikut ; 1) implementasi kebijakan penilaian autentik sudah terlaksana dengan baik dan efektif, 2) implementasi penilaian autentik pada pembelajaran PAI sudah terlaksana dengan baik. Namun masih ditemukan pola pikir (<em>mindset</em>) guru yang belum berubah dalam mengimplementasikan penilaian autentik secara komprehensif. Artinya, guru melakukan penilaian dengan format seadanya, hanya mengukur hasil akhir peserta didik dan 3) Dukungan implentasi kebijakan penilaian autentik meliputi kepala sekolah, guru yang berkompeten, aktivitas peserta didik, sosialisai kebijakan implementasi, fasilitas dan sumber belajar yang memadai, peran pemerintah daerah, dan peran pengawas. Sedangkan yang menghambat diantaranya melalui sumber daya manusia, sarana dan prasarana, instrumen penilaian, dan lingkungan akademik. Selanjutnya, implementasi kebijakan penilaian autentik berdampak terhadap kesiapan guru dalam melakukan perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan pengolahan hasil belajar peserta didik.</p>
The Effect of Bauxite Residue on the Avoidance Behavior of Enchytraeus albidus (Enchytraeidae)
Authors: Kerekes Ivett Kriszta , Feigl Viktória 
Published: October 2018

The potworm Enchytraeus albidus has been used as a testorganism to assess the effects of soil polluting chemicals. The current standardized test methods do not exploit the sensitivity of avoidance behavior of the animals towards chemicals as measurement endpoint. In this paper we tested the effect of bauxite residue (BR), the waste from alumina production, on the habitat of a macrodecomposer in three different soils: an acidic sandy soil (NY), a carbonated sandy soil (OB) and a silty soil (NH). In the acute toxicity tests the testing of whole soil samples proved to be more sensitive compared to the testing of soil suspensions and soil extracts, which indicated significant mortality only at over 50 % BR in soil. EC20 values were 9 % BR in OB, 28 % BR in NH and 34 % BR in NY in the whole soil tests of our study. In the avoidance test potworms chose the 1 % and 5 % BR treated soils instead of the control soils, but avoided the 10 % and 25 % BR concentrations. Besides the common methodology applied in avoidance tests, we offered not only control and treated soil pairs to the animals, but we also paired all the concentrations with each other. E. albidus chose 10 % BR amount in soil instead of 25 % BR in all cases. With the avoidance test we could show not only negative, but also positive effects of soil amendments: BR addition to soils at up to 5 % can result in a better habitat for potworms.
Textsortenorientierte Wortbildungsforschung. Desiderate, Perspektiven und Beispielanalysen
Authors: Stumpf Sören 
Published: October 2018

This paper provides an overview of the connection between word formation and text type linguistics. Following a brief outline of the current state of research, desiderata and weaknesses of previous research as well as perspectives of a text type oriented research on word formation will be introduced. Here, I advocate a stronger inclusion of oral (with regard to the medium) and conceptually spoken text types (cf. Koch/Oesterreicher 1985). The focus is on the analysis of word formations within the text type of battle rap, which can be classified as oral and conceptually spoken. The analysis gives an insight into my habilitation project outlined in the essay and shows how this project can be realized.

Dieser Beitrag ist ursprünglich im Peter-Lang-Verlag erschienen (https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/plg/jwf/2018/00000002/00000001/art00007)
Circumnuclear Multiphase Gas in Circinus Galaxy. III. Structure of the Nuclear Ionized Gas
Authors: Wada Keiichi , Yonekura Kensuke , Nagao Tohru 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
We investigate the properties of the ionized gas irradiated by an active galactic nucleus (AGN) based on our “radiation-driven fountain” model for the nearest type-2 Seyfert galaxy, the Circinus galaxy. We conducted “quasi-three-dimensional” spectral analysis using the spectral synthesis code Cloudy and obtained the surface brightness distributions of lines, such as Hα, Hβ, [O iii], [N ii], and [S ii] for the central 16 pc region. The ionized regions observed based on these lines show a conical morphology around the rotation axis, even if we do not phenomenologically postulate the presence of an optically thick “torus.” This region also shows non-uniform internal structures, reflecting the inhomogeneous structure of fountain flows. Using ionization diagnostic diagrams, we investigated the spectral properties of the ionized gas. The diagrams based on the line ratios of [N ii]/Hα and [S ii]/Hα show that most regions of the cone have the same properties as those in the narrow line regions (NLRs) in AGNs, whereas using [O i]/Hα, the central 10 pc regions are rather LINER-like. The gas density, temperature, and ionizing parameter in regions identified as “NLR” are typically n ∼ 300–1500 cm−3, T ∼ (1–3) × 104 K, and U ∼ 0.01, respectively. The morphology and [O iii] intensity are similar to the base of the observed [O iii] cone in the Circinus galaxy, implying some physical connections with the origin of the ∼100 pc scale NLR.
Synthetic Radio Imaging for Quiescent and CME-flare Scenarios
Authors: Moschou Sofia-Paraskevi , Sokolov Igor , Cohen Ofer , Drake Jeremy J. , Borovikov Dmitry , Kasper Justin C. , Alvarado-Gomez Julian D. , Garraffo Cecilia 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Radio observations grant access to a wide range of physical processes through different emission mechanisms. These processes range from thermal and quiescent to eruptive phenomena, such as shock waves and particle beams. We present a new synthetic radio imaging tool that calculates and visualizes the bremsstrahlung radio emission. This tool works concurrently with state-of-the-art magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the solar corona using the code Block-Adaptive Tree Solarwind Roe Upwind Scheme (BATS-R-US). Our model produces results that are in good agreement with both high- and low-frequency observations of the solar disk. In this study, a ray-tracing algorithm is used, and the radio intensity is computed along the actual curved ray trajectories. We illustrate the importance of refraction in locating the radio-emitting source by comparison of the radio imaging illustrations when the line of sight is considered instead of the refracted paths. We are planning to incorporate nonthermal radio emission mechanisms in a future version of the radio imaging tool.
A Collection of New Dwarf Galaxies in NGC 5128’s Western Halo
Authors: Taylor Matthew A. , Eigenthaler Paul , Puzia Thomas H. , Muñoz Roberto P. , Ribbeck Karen X. , Zhang Hong-Xin , Ordenes-Briceño Yasna , Bovill Mia Sauda 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
We report the photometric properties of 16 dwarf galaxies, 15 of which are newly identified, in the Western halo of the nearby giant elliptical galaxy NGC 5128. All of the candidates are found at projected distances ∼100–225 kpc from their giant host, with luminosities−10.82 ≤ M

V
/mag ≤ −7.42 and effective radii 4″ ≲ r
eff ≲ 17″ (or 75 ≲ r
eff/pc ≲ 300 at the distance of NGC 5128). We compare them to other low-mass dwarf galaxies in the local universe and find that they populate the faint/compact extension of the size–luminosity relation that was previously not well-sampled by dwarf galaxies in the Centaurus A system, with optical colors similar to compact stellar systems like globular clusters and ultra-compact dwarf galaxies despite having much more diffuse morphologies. From optical u′g′r′i′z′ photometry, stellar masses are estimated to be

, with colors that show them to fall redward of the dwarf galaxy mass–metallicity relation. These colors suggest star formation histories that require some mechanism that would give rise to extra metal enrichment such as primordial formation within the halos of their giant galaxy hosts, non-primordial star formation from previously enriched gas, or extended periods of star formation leading to self-enrichment. We also report the existence of at least two sub-groups of dwarf candidates, each subtending ≲15′ on the sky, corresponding to projected physical separations of 10–20 kpc. True physical associations of these groups, combined with their potentially extended star formation histories, would imply that they may represent dwarf galaxy groups in the early stage of interaction upon infall into a giant elliptical galaxy halo in the very nearby universe.
Repenser la démocratie, pas sans la psychanalyse
Authors: Victoria Bernard 
Published: October 2018

L’auteur s’attache ici à démontrer que la psychanalyse est non seulement concernée par le mode d’organisation du gouvernement des Hommes, mais surtout qu’en tant qu’expérience éthique, elle est déjà orientée vers une certaine conception de la politique. Après un bref examen du régime représentatif actuel, l’article soutiendra la thèse que l’éthique de la psychanalyse ne peut conduire qu’à une conception de la politique bien précise : la démocratie.
Continuous Professional Development
Authors: DiMauro Nancy M 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT
Background: Lifelong learning is a requirement for all nurses. Structured continuing education programs are just one method of acquiring knowledge. Non-structured, self-directed methods of development often are overlooked in this process.
Method: This article presents suggestions for self-assessment and non-structured methods of professional development for professional developers.
Results/Conclusion: By following the suggestions presented in this article, professional developers can assess their true learning needs and identify useful methods to develop themselves professionally.
Does ozone administration have a protective or therapeutic effect against radiotherapy-induced testicular injury?
Authors: Aydogdu Ibrahim , Ilbey Yusuf Ozlem , Coban Ganime , Ekin Rahmi Gokhan , Mirapoglu Semih Lutfi , Cay Ali , Kiziltan Huriye Senay , Ekin Zubeyde Yildirim , Silay Mesrur Selcuk , Semerci Mehmet Bulent 
Published: October 2018

Objective:
We investigate the protective and therapeutic effects of ozone therapy (OT) in radiotherapy (RT)-induced testicular damage.

Methods:
Thirty healthy adult male Wistar rats divided into five groups consisting of six animals each as follows: (1) Control (C), (2) RT, (3) OT, (4) OT + RT, and (5) RT + OT group. Histopathological findings, Johnsen scores, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels were evaluated.

Results:
RT caused a significant decrease in testicular weight and Johnsen score compared to the control group. In addition, TBARS level was significantly higher, whereas GSH, SOD, catalase, and GPx levels were significantly lower in the RT group when compared to the control group. Pre and postRT OT significantly increased GSH, SOD, catalase, and GPx levels and decreased TBARS level. Furthermore, testicular weight and Johnsen score were increased with OT.

Conclusions:
The present study showed that OT is protective and therapeutic in radiation-induced testicular damage. OT may be beneficial to the patients who underwent RT.
Economic Cost of Schizophrenia in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital
Authors: Oloniniyi Ibidunni Olapeju , Akinsulore Adesanmi , Aloba Olutayo Olubunmi , Mapayi Boladale Moyosore , Oginni Olakunle Ayokunmi , Makanjuola Roger 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT
Objectives: This study evaluated the economic cost of schizophrenia in Nigerian patients and identified factors that influence cost. Methods: A total of 100 participants with schizophrenia were assessed using the modified economic cost questionnaire, the mini-international neuropsychiatric interview, the positive and negative syndrome scale, the Liverpool University Neuroleptic side-effect rating scale, and the global assessment of functioning scale. Associations between sociodemographic characteristics, illness-related variables and direct, indirect, and total costs of schizophrenia were assessed. Results: The average annual total, direct, and indirect costs of the treatment were $818.48, $349.59, and $468.89, respectively, per patient. The direct cost constituted 42.7%, while the indirect cost was 57.3% of the total costs of treatment. Hospitalization was the leading contributor to the direct cost, while productivity loss was a major component of the indirect cost. Conclusion: Schizophrenia is an expensive disease in Nigeria, measures to reduce hospitalization could significantly reduce the cost of illness to the patient and their relatives.
Effect of stocking density on behavioral traits, blood biochemical parameters and immune responses in meat ducks exposed to heat stress
Authors: Park Byung-Sung , Um Kyung-Hwan , Park Sang-O , Zammit Victor A. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract. High stocking density (HSD) and heat stress (HS) caused by climate change can
lower blood homeostasis and negatively impact the behavioral traits of animals. The
objective of this study was to explore the influence of stocking densities on
behavioral traits, blood parameters, immune responses, and stress hormones in
meat ducks (Cherry valley, Anas platyrhynchos) exposed to HS. A total
of 320 meat ducks were assigned to four groups with different stocking
densities using a randomized complete block design. The ducks were then reared for 42 days.
The assigned density groups were as follows: (1) control group (CON,
three birds m−2, normal environmental heat conditions); (2) low stocking
density (LSD, three birds m−2, heat stress conditions); (3) medium stocking
density (MSD, four birds m−2, heat stress conditions); and (4) high
stocking density (HSD, six birds m−2, heat stress conditions). To induce
HS, the environment of the poultry house was set to a temperature of 34±2∘C with a relative humidity of 70 % from 11:00 to 16:00 for the finisher period (from day 22 to day 42 of the rearing period).
Concentrations of blood triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, low-density
lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and
alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were higher in the HS groups compared with
the CON group, with HSD showing the highest levels (P < 0.05).
The concentrations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and glucose were lower in the HSD groups than in the
CON group (P<0.05). Red blood cell (RBC) and platelet (PLT) counts were
lower in HS groups compared with the CON group, with the HSD group displaying the lowest
counts (P<0.05). Blood pH values were also higher in the HS groups than
in the CON group, with the highest values observed in the HSD group (P<0.05).
Concentrations of blood
pCO2, HCO3, and TCO2 were higher in the HS groups than in the CON group, with
HSD showing the lowest levels (P<0.05). The concentration of
PO2 was higher in CON than in any of the HS groups, with the lowest levels found in the HSD
group (P<0.05). The concentrations of blood IgG and
corticosterone were increased in the HS groups compared with the CON group (P<0.05). Animal behavioral trait scores were also higher in HS groups
than in the CON group (P<0.05); these scores were the highest in the HSD group.
Overall, animal behavioral traits, blood biochemical parameters, and immune
responses in meat ducks exposed to heat stress were highest in the HSD group, but
not significantly different between the LSD or MSD groups.