bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of an Electronic Medical Record–Based Algorithm for Identifying Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in U.S. Veterans
Authors: Harrington Kelly M. , Quaden Rachel , Stein Murray B. , Honerlaw Jacqueline P. , Cissell Shadha , Pietrzak Robert H. , Zhao Hongyu , Radhakrishnan Krishnan , Aslan Mihaela , Gaziano John Michael , Concato John , Gagnon David R. , Gelernter Joel , Cho Kelly ,   on behalf of the VA Million Veteran Program and Cooperative Studies Program
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe developed an algorithm for identifying U.S. veterans with a history of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), using the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) electronic medical record (EMR) system. This work was motivated by the need to create a valid EMR‐based phenotype to identify thousands of cases and controls for a genome‐wide association study of PTSD in veterans. We used manual chart review (n = 500) as the gold standard. For both the algorithm and chart review, three classifications were possible: likely PTSD, possible PTSD, and likely not PTSD. We used Lasso regression with cross‐validation to select statistically significant predictors of PTSD from the EMR and then generate a predicted probability score of being a PTSD case for every participant in the study population (range: 0–1.00). Comparing the performance of our probabilistic approach (Lasso algorithm) to a rule‐based approach (International Classification of Diseases [ICD] algorithm), the Lasso algorithm showed modestly higher overall percent agreement with chart review than the ICD algorithm (80% vs. 75%), higher sensitivity (0.95 vs. 0.84), and higher accuracy (AUC = 0.95 vs. 0.90). We applied a 0.7 probability cut‐point to the Lasso results to determine final PTSD case‐control status for the VA population. The final algorithm had a 0.99 sensitivity, 0.99 specificity, 0.95 positive predictive value, and 1.00 negative predictive value for PTSD classification (grouping possible PTSD and likely not PTSD) as determined by chart review. This algorithm may be useful for other research and quality improvement endeavors within the VA.
Multifactorial positive influence of cochlear implantation on patients with single‐sided deafness
Authors: Häußler Sophia M. , Köpke Vanessa , Knopke Steffen , Gräbel Stefan , Olze Heidi 
Published: April 2019

ObjectivesSingle‐sided deafness (SSD) is an extreme case with profound unilateral hearing loss in the poorer ear and regular hearing in the other ear. The aim of this study is to investigate the impairment in the daily life of SSD patients and the influence of cochlear implants (CI) on their health‐related quality of life (HRQoL), the impact on existing tinnitus distress and psychological comorbidities, and audiometric parameters.MethodsIn total, 21 patients (8 male and 13 female) were included, and the Charité Test Battery was applied for all patients. Data on HRQoL were collected with the Nijmegen Cochlear Implant Questionnaire and the Medical Outcome Study Short Form 36 (SF‐36) Survey. Tinnitus distress was assessed with the Tinnitus Questionnaire (TQ). Data with regard to psychological comorbidities were collected using four validated questionnaires. Speech perception was assessed with the Freiburg Monosyllable Test (FMS), the Oldenburg Sentence Test (OLSA), and the Oldenburg Inventory (OI).ResultsHRQoL improved in the subdomain social interactions. Tinnitus distress dropped significantly 6 months postoperatively. SSD patients preoperatively showed elevated levels of stress, depressive symptoms, and anxiety. Postoperatively, these psychological symptoms improved with regard to stress, tension, and demands.The audiometry tools revealed a significant improvement in directional hearing (OI), speech perception in silence, and in the speech intelligibility threshold (OLSA).ConclusionThere was an improvement in HRQoL and a reduction of tinnitus and cognitive distress. The preoperatively elevated stress level decreased significantly, and psychological comorbidities such as depressive symptoms and anxiety all improved postimplantation.Level of EvidenceII‐2 Laryngoscope, 130:500–506, 2020
Anemia and neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio in laryngeal cancer treated with induction chemotherapy
Authors: Gorphe Philippe , Bouhir Samia , Garcia Gabriel C. T. E. , Alali Abeer , Even Caroline , Breuskin Ingrid , Tao Yungan , Janot François , Bidault François , Temam Stéphane 
Published: April 2019

Objectives/HypothesisWe studied the influence of the neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and anemia on the response to induction chemotherapy (IC) and survival outcomes in laryngeal cancer patients treated with a preservation protocol.Study DesignRetrospective single‐center case series.MethodsWe analyzed patients with T3 laryngeal cancer treated with IC using a preservation protocol. The NLR and hemoglobin levels were assessed before treatment and after IC. The response to chemotherapy was assessed using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours 1.1 and World Heath Organization standards. The oncological endpoints were overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS).ResultsSixty‐eight patients were analyzed. The median NLR and hemoglobin levels before and after IC were 2.76 and 14.5 g/dL, and 2.01 and 11.6 g/dL, respectively. The NLR and anemia before treatment were not correlated, and they were not associated with the response to chemotherapy. However, an NLR > 5 and anemia before treatment were both associated with shorter OS and DFS. Notably, they were the only factors found to be significantly associated with survival outcomes.ConclusionsIn laryngeal cancer, patients treated with a preservation protocol, a high NLR ratio, and anemia before IC were associated with shorter survival, independently of the response to chemotherapy.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 130:E144–E150, 2020
Tropical Vegetable Oils Do Not Alter Growth Performance in African Catfish through a High n‐6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Biosynthesis Capacity
Authors: Sourabié Aboubacar , Mandiki Syaghalirwa N. M. , Geay Florian , Ahoulé Ange G. , Naert Nathan , Toguyeni Aboubacar , Kestemont Patrick 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe main objective of this study was to determine the best vegetable oils (VO) for nutrition of African catfish by assessing the effects of a complete replacement of fish oil (FO) by different VO sources on its growth performance, fatty acid composition, and elongase‐desaturase gene expression levels. Fish (16.2 g of initial body weight) were fed with five experimental isonitrogenous, isolipidic, and isoenergetic diets in which FO was totally replaced by cottonseed oil (CO), palm oil (PO), desert date oil (DO), or Shea butter (SB). Complete replacement of FO with VO did not affect growth performance except for low values in fish fed SB diet. Muscle n‐3 LC‐polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were significantly reduced in fish fed VO‐based diets when compared with FO fed fish. However, the muscle arachidinic acid (ARA) levels in phospholipid class were 1.4 to 1.6 times higher in fish fed CO and DO diets than FO fed fish despite the lower ARA suppliers from these VO‐based diets, suggesting endogenous LC‐PUFA biosynthesis from PUFA precursors in fish fed these VO. The fads2 and elovl5 gene expression levels in liver of fish fed DO were also higher compared to FO controls. Therefore, all the results support the hypothesis that African catfish has higher biosynthesis capacity to convert vegetable n‐6 PUFA precursors like linoleic acid (LNA, 18:2n‐6) into n‐6 LC‐PUFA of the ARA type, compared to the conversion of vegetable α‐linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n‐3) into n‐3 LC‐PUFA of the eicosapentanoic acid (EPA) or docosahexanoic acid (DHA) type. The results also indicate that DO can be recommended as the best alternative to FO replacement in African catfish nutrition.
Prey taxonomy rather than size determines salp diets
Authors: Dadon‐Pilosof Ayelet , Lombard Fabien , Genin Amatzia , Sutherland Kelly R. , Yahel Gitai 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSalps are gelatinous planktonic suspension feeders that filter large volumes of water in the food‐dilute open ocean. Their life cycle allows periodic exponential growth and population blooms. Dense swarms of salps have a high grazing impact that can deplete the photic zone of phytoplankton and export huge quantities of organic matter to the deep sea. Previous studies described their feeding manner as mostly nonselective, with larger particles retained at higher efficiencies than small particles. To examine salp diets, we used direct in situ sampling (InEx method) of undisturbed solitarySalpa maxima. Aggregates (“chains”) ofSalpa fusiformisandThalia democraticawere studied using in situ incubations. Our findings suggest that in situ feeding rates are higher than previously reported and that cell removal is size independent with ∼ 1μm picoeukaryotes preferentially removed over both larger eukaryotes and smaller bacteria. The prey : predator size ratios we measured (1 : 104–1 : 105) are an order of magnitude smaller than previously reported values and to the best of our knowledge, are the smallest values reported so far for any planktonic suspension feeders. Despite differences among the three species studied, they had similar prey preferences with no correlation between salp body length and prey size. Our findings shed new light on prey : predator relationships in planktonic systems—in particular, that factors other than size influence filtration efficiency—and suggest that in situ techniques should be devised and applied for the study of suspension feeding in the ocean.
Engaging High School Students as Collaborators in Ecological Investigation of the Columbia River Estuary: Lessons from a Transdisciplinary University–High School Partnership
Authors: Rollwagen‐Bollens Gretchen , Holmlund Tamara , Bollens Stephen , Wait Jude , Zimmerman Julie , Connelly Kristin , Bargmann Lucas 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe Columbia River Estuary Science Education and Outreach (CRESCENDO) project was a university–high school partnership between Washington State University (WSU) researchers and science teachers and students from five high schools located in southwest Washington, adjacent to the Columbia River Estuary (CRE). The CRESCENDO project explicitly integrated ecological research with science education research that assessed how high school students' participation in university‐sponsored research impacted their knowledge of CRE ecology and their attitudes about science and stewardship. From October 2016 to September 2018, CRESCENDO teachers and students measured water quality and conducted plankton tows from a dock near each of their schools every month. Each May, the CRESCENDO participants (WSU scientists, science educators, high school teachers, and students from each school) convened a Research Symposium to interpret the results. Here, we describe the project design and outcomes to illustrate the lessons learned from CRESCENDO and provide recommendations for developing future university–high school partnerships focused on locally relevant environmental problems.
Synergistic efficacy of RLIP inhibition and 2′‐hydroxyflavanone against DMBA‐induced mammary carcinogenesis in SENCAR mice
Authors: Singhal Sharad S. , Horne David , Singhal Jyotsana , Vonderfecht Steven , Salgia Ravi , Awasthi Sanjay 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSubstantial evidence suggests that 7,12‐dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA)‐induced mammary carcinogenesis in mice mimics human breast cancer (BC) in many respects. Therefore, it has been used extensively to evaluate preventive and therapeutic agents for human BC. Mammary carcinogenesis induced by DMBA administration in female SENsitive to CARcinogen (SENCAR) mice was characterized by histopathological analysis of the mammary glands and alterations to the phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase/protein kinase B/cyclin‐dependent kinase 1 (PI3K/Akt/CDK1) pathway. We recently reported that 2′‐hydroxyflavanone (2HF) is a promising diet‐derived chemotherapeutic agent that suppresses BC growth in vitro and in vivo by targeting a 76 kDa ral‐interacting protein (RLIP). The objective of the current study was to investigate the synergistic anticarcinogenic effects of RLIP inhibition/depletion and 2HF in an in vivo model of DMBA‐induced mammary carcinogenesis in SENCAR mice. Mice were given 2HF (50 mg/kg, bw, orally on alternate days), RLIP antibody (Rab; 5 mg/kg, bw, ip weekly), RLIP antisense (RAS; 5 mg/kg, b.w., ip weekly), or a combination of 2HF + Rab + RAS. Animals were monitored daily, and 7 days after the first appearance of moribund behavior, tissues were harvested for morphological and immunohistological analysis. Western blot analyses were performed to determine the expression of anti‐ and proapoptotic proteins in the mammary glands. Our results reveal that 2HF, RAS, and Rab significantly prevented the carcinogenic effects of DMBA administration in the mammary glands and other organs. Further, mice treated with a combination of 2HF + RAS + Rab exhibited no carcinogenic effect of DMBA as compared to either or the single agent‐treated mice. This study demonstrates for the first time the anticarcinogenic effects of 2HF and RLIP inhibition/depletion in vivo in a novel DMBA‐induced model of BC in SENCAR mice and provides the rationale for further clinical investigation.
Accelerated 3D T2w‐imaging of the prostate with 1‐millimeter isotropic resolution in less than 3 minutes
Authors: Vidya Shankar Rohini , Roccia Elisa , Cruz Gastao , Neji Radhouene , Botnar René , Prezzi Davide , Goh Vicky , Prieto Claudia , Dregely Isabel 
Published: April 2019

PurposeTo achieve 3D T2w imaging of the prostate with 1‐mm isotropic resolution in less than 3 min.MethodsWe devised and implemented a 3D T2‐prepared multishot balanced steady state free precession (T2prep‐bSSFP) acquisition sequence with a variable density undersampled trajectory combined with a total variation regularized iterative SENSE (TV‐SENSE) reconstruction. Prospectively undersampled images of the prostate (acceleration factor R = 3) were acquired in 11 healthy subjects in an institutional review board‐approved study. Image quality metrics (subjective signal‐to‐noise ratio, contrast, sharpness, and overall prostate image quality) were evaluated by 2 radiologists. Scores of the proposed accelerated sequence were compared using the Wilcoxon signed‐rank and Kruskal‐Wallis non‐parametric tests to prostate images acquired using a fully sampled 3D T2prep‐bSSFP acquisition, and with clinical standard 2D and 3D turbo spin echo (TSE) T2w acquisitions. A P‐value < 0.05 was considered significant.ResultsThe 3× accelerated 3D T2prep‐bSSFP images required a scan time (min:s) of 2:45, while the fully sampled 3D T2prep‐bSSFP and clinical standard 3D TSE images were acquired in 8:23 and 7:29, respectively. Image quality scores (contrast, sharpness, and overall prostate image quality) of the accelerated 3D T2prep‐bSSFP, fully sampled T2prep‐bSSFP, and clinical standard 3D TSE acquisitions along all 3 spatial dimensions were not significantly different (P > 0.05).Conclusion3D T2w images of the prostate with 1‐mm isotropic resolution can be acquired in less than 3 min, with image quality that is comparable to a clinical standard 3D TSE sequence but only takes a third of the acquisition time.
A macro‐element strategy based upon spectral finite elements and mortar elements for transient wave propagation modeling. Application to ultrasonic testing of laminate composite materials
Authors: Imperiale Alexandre , Demaldent Edouard 
Published: April 2019

SummaryProposing efficient numerical modeling tools for high‐frequency wave propagation in realistic configurations, such as the one appearing in ultrasonic testing experiments, is a major challenge, especially in the perspective of inversion loops or parametric studies. We propose a numerical methodology addressing this challenge and based upon the combination of the spectral finite element method and the mortar element method. From a prior decomposition of the scene of interest into “macro‐elements,” we show how one can improve the performances of the standard finite element procedures in terms of memory footprint and computational load. Additionally, using this decomposition, we are able to efficiently reconstruct important modeling features on‐the‐fly, such as orientations of anisotropic materials or splitting directions of perfectly matched layers formulations, altogether in a robust and efficient manner. We believe that this strategy is particularly suitable for parametric studies and sensitivity analysis. We illustrate our strategy by simulating the propagation of an ultrasonic wave into an immersed and curved anisotropic laminate 3D specimen flawed with an internal circular delamination of varying size, thus showing the efficiency and the robustness of our approach.
Widespread pain and pain intensity in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis. A cross‐sectional comparison between smokers and non‐smokers
Authors: Karlsson Marie‐Louise , Elkan Ann‐Charlotte , Hafström Ingiäld 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimThe aim was to investigate if smoking status at time for diagnoses of rheumatoid arthritis was associated with pain intensity or pain spread.DesignA cross‐sectional study conducted in 2012–2013.MethodsSeventy‐eight patients, of whom 16 were current smokers and 62 never or previous smokers, with newly diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis were assessed as to pain intensity, widespread pain and disease activity.ResultsOf the participants, 56% had unacceptable pain, 77% had spread pain and 28% had chronic widespread pain. There were no differences in pain intensity, widespread pain or chronic widespread pain between smoking status groups. However, there was a positive association between pain intensity and disease activity, r = 0.52.ConclusionIn this study, patients with early rheumatoid arthritis had a high‐frequency unacceptable pain and wide spread pain, irrespective of smoking status. However, we cannot exclude that the inflammatory‐associated pain overshadowed a possible negative effect of smoking.
A psychometric analysis of the Caring Assessment Tool version V
Authors: Sim Jenny , Lapkin Samuel , Joyce Joanne , Gordon Rob , Kobel Conrad , Fernandez Ritin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to examine the factor structure and construct validity of the Caring Assessment Tool version V (CAT‐V) for patients in Australian hospitals.DesignSecondary analysis of CAT‐V surveys from the Australian Nursing Outcomes Collaborative (AUSNOC) data set was used. The CAT was originally developed in the United States of America.MethodsThe 27‐item CAT‐V was administered to patients prior to discharge from eight wards in three Australian hospitals in 2016. The psychometric properties of the CAT were evaluated using item analysis and exploratory factor analyses.ResultsItem analysis of surveys from 476 participants showed high levels of perceived caring behaviours and actions. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a two‐factor structure consisting of: Nurse–patient communication; and Feeling cared for. The CAT‐V is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring patients’ perceptions of the attitudes and actions of nurses in Australia.
The use of impulse and stepped‐frequency radar to characterize the hydric behaviour of a porous pavement structure
Authors: Dérobert X. , Ihamouten A. , Guilbert D. , Bosc F. , Bernardin F. 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTThis study focusses on examining the behaviour of an innovative asphalt pavement which is created as a solar energy collector, using non‐destructive testing involving ground‐penetrating radar. The concept of heat exchanger is based on the use of drainage asphalt in the bonding layer through which a heated fluid flows via gravity to de‐ice the roadway. In order to develop hydrothermal models for a test site representing such a pavement, the saturated porous layer assumption was required when the water level in each tank (up‐ and downstream of the structure) was same as the top of the porous layer. Two ground‐penetrating radar techniques were tested at this test site: a ground‐coupled impulse radar and an air‐coupled stepped‐frequency radar. The impulse ground‐penetrating radar, a high‐efficiency non‐destructive testing technique which is widely used in civil engineering, provides accurate geometric information, especially for pavement investigation. In the second innovative approach, air‐coupled stepped‐frequency radar was combined with full‐waveform inversion to obtain quantitative information, while retrieving the electromagnetic properties of the successive pavement layers.We concentrated on the early‐stage water imbibition in the pavement structure using the impulse ground‐penetrating radar to estimate the fluid transfer velocity and both ground‐penetrating radar techniques to verify the saturated porous layer assumption in the steady state. Ground‐coupled radar enabled us to follow the water front and to capture different water‐transfer behaviours in the porous asphalt layer. Our observation could be explained by the vertical topology of the upper watertight interface. Air‐coupled stepped‐frequency ground‐penetrating radar presented similar results to ground‐coupled ground‐penetrating radar but provided a quantitative estimate of the changes within the porous layer during the test.
A comparative evaluation of vertical fractures using different azimuthal electrical resistivity survey arrays
Authors: Moreira S.S. , Bacellar L.A.P. , Aranha P.R.A. 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTThe identification of geological discontinuities such as fractures and faults is fundamental to geotechnical and hydrogeological characterization of rock masses. It is difficult to characterize these discontinuities, even by means of drill cores. Electrical resistivity has been historically employed as an alternative tool for the characterization of discontinuities, and new equipment for data acquisition and modern interpretation techniques have increased this possibility. However, when the characterization of vertical discontinuities is to be carried out in small areas, such as urban zones or for engineering works, traditional surveying may be impracticable, because it requires larger areas for proper acquisition. In these situations, azimuthal electrical resistivity surveying can be a good option, thanks to faster data acquisition and the possibility of reaching greater depths of investigation. There are several types of azimuthal arrays, but comparative analyses of their efficiency are still scarce. The objective of this study is to compare the applicability of several types of azimuthal resistivity surveys to identify vertical discontinuities in rock masses. The study was carried out in the laboratory using a scale model (tank), where boundary conditions could be well‐defined. We tried to replicate the natural conditions of a karstic area in Brazil, known to have hydrogeological and geotechnical problems associated with subvertical discontinuities. The simulations involved a limestone rock mass crosscut by a set of discontinuities with varied apertures. The selected arrays (square, equatorial dipole–dipole, Wenner and Schlumberger) encompassed varied inter‐electrode spacings and three different thicknesses of a saturated isotropic overburden, so as to represent field conditions. The azimuthal resistivity surveys, especially the Wenner array, proved to be promising in order to detect vertical discontinuities. The non‐collinear arrays are preferable when it comes to discerning the depth of investigation (square) and detecting electric anisotropy (equatorial dipole–dipole), despite small azimuthal distortions that were observed in relation to the strike of the discontinuities.