bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Till death do us part: Transactions between losing one’s spouse and the Big Five personality traits
Authors: Asselmann Eva , Specht Jule 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectiveAlthough losing one's spouse is one of the worst experiences that can occur in life, it has not been resolved yet how this experience relates to personality development.MethodIn the German Socio‐Economic Panel study, information on the death of a spouse was assessed yearly from 1985 to 2017 and personality was measured repeatedly in 2005, 2009, 2013, and 2017 with a short version of the Big Five Inventory. We used multilevel analyses to simultaneously model whether personality differed between individuals who did or did not lose their spouse and whether personality changed prior to and after this experience.ResultsCompared to controls without the event, individuals who lost their spouse at a later point of time were more conscientious (β = .21) and more extraverted (β = .17). They became gradually more extraverted in the three years prior to the event (β = .25), but were less extraverted thereafter (β =−.27). Moreover, they gradually increased in Emotional Stability in the three years after this experience (β = .30). These changes were primarily driven by women and middle‐aged individuals. Men whose spouse died were less open in the first year after the event (β =−.47).ConclusionsLosing one's spouse relates to changes in Extraversion and Emotional Stability, especially in women and middle‐aged adults.
Could drug burden be associated with severe periodontitis in patients receiving haemodialysis?
Authors: Yeter Hasan H. , Erten Yasemin , Isler Sila C. , Soysal Fatma , Elbeg Sehri , Unsal Berrin 
Published: September 2019

SUMMARYBackgroundPeriodontitis increases the risk of cardiovascular disease in the general population by triggering systemic inflammation.AimTo investigate the relationship between systemic inflammation and periodontitis, and clarify any association between severe periodontitis and the medications used by patients receiving haemodialysis.DesignA cross‐sectional study.ParticipantsThe study was undertaken with 56 patients receiving haemodialysis.MeasurementsDemographic and laboratory data and prescribed drugs regularly used by patients were recorded from hospital records. During the dialysis session, a validated Xerostomia Inventory score was completed. A complete dental/periodontal examination was also undertaken on all patients by the same periodontist.ResultsIn the study population, stage I periodontitis was determined in 41%, stage II periodontitis in 17%, stage III periodontitis in 21%, and stage IV periodontitis in 21%. Male gender, hypertension, coronary artery disease, β antagonists, calcium channel blockers, sodium polystyrene sulphonate, teeth brushing less than twice a day and high sensitive C‐reactive protein > 8 mg/l were significantly associated with severe periodontitis.ConclusionDrugs, including β antagonists, calcium channel blockers, polystyrene sulphonate, co‐morbid conditions and poor or insufficient oral care could facilitate an increase in the severity of periodontitis in patients receiving haemodialysis. Severe periodontitis also seems to be associated with cardiovascular disease and inflammation in patients with chronic renal disease.
Cluster headache and trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias: Recent advances in diagnosis and management
Authors: Imai Noboru 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTrigeminal autonomic cephalalgias (TACs) are a group of primary headache disorders characterized by unilateral distribution of trigeminal pain that occurs in association with prominent ipsilateral cranial autonomic features. TACs include cluster headache, paroxysmal hemicrania, short‐lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks, and hemicrania continua. The severity of these disorders has major effects on quality of life. Early diagnosis and appropriate management can thus markedly improve quality of life for the patient. Subcutaneous sumatriptan and pure oxygen inhalation are the most effective abortive therapies for acute cluster headache. Home oxygen therapy (HOT) has been covered by health insurance in Japan since 2018. Several drugs, such as verapamil and prednisolone, are effective in reducing the frequency of attacks in patients with cluster headache. Calcitonin gene‐related peptide monoclonal antibodies and non‐invasive vagus nerve stimulation are new treatments that have proven effective against cluster headache. Patients with paroxysmal hemicrania and hemicrania continua show absolute positive responses to indomethacin. Lamotrigine and several other anticonvulsants are effective in reducing the frequency of attacks in patients with short‐lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache.
Exploring GRHL3 polymorphisms and SNP‐SNP interactions in the risk of non‐syndromic oral clefts in the Brazilian population
Authors: Azevedo Camilla de Marchi Sanches , Machado Renato Assis , Martelli‐Júnior Hercílio , Reis Silvia Regina de Almeida , Persuhn Darlene Camati , Coletta Ricardo D. , Rangel Ana Lúcia Carrinho Ayroza 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the association of single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in grainyhead‐like 3 (GRHL3) and to verify its possible interactions with others genes responsible for craniofacial development in the risk of non‐syndromic oral cleft (NSOC).MethodsApplying TaqMan allelic discrimination assays, we evaluated GRHL3 SNPs (rs10903078, rs41268753, and rs4648975) in an ancestry‐structured case–control sample composed of 1,127 Brazilian participants [272 non‐syndromic cleft palate only (NSCPO), 242 non‐syndromic cleft lip only (NSCLO), 319 non‐syndromic cleft lip and palate (NSCLP), and 294 healthy controls]. Additionally, SNP‐SNP interactions of GRHL3 and previously reported variants in FAM49A, FOXE1, NTN1, and VAX1 were verified in non‐syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL ± P). To eliminate false‐positive associations, Bonferroni correction or 1,000 permutation method was applied.ResultsThe multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the CC genotype of rs10903078 (p = .03) and the haplotype C‐C formed by the SNPs rs10903078 and rs41268753 (p = .04) were associated with NSCLO, but the p‐values did not withstand Bonferroni correction. However, SNP‐SNP test revealed significant interactions between GRHL3 SNPs and FAM49A (rs7552), FOXE1 (rs3758249), VAX1 (rs7078160 and rs751231), and NTN1 (rs9891446).ConclusionsOur results confirm the importance of GRHL3 and its interactions with previously NSOC‐associated genes, including FAM49A, FOXE1, NTN1, and VAX1, in the pathogenesis of NSOC in the Brazilian population.
Perforated trapezoidal artificial reefs can augment the benefits of restoration of an island and its marine ecosystem
Authors: Jayanthi M , Patterson Edward J. K. , Malleshappa H , Gladwin Gnana Asir N , Mathews G , Diraviya Raj K , Bilgi Deepak S. , Ashok Kumar T. K , Sannasiraj S. A 
Published: September 2019

The Gulf of Mannar (GoM) is located along the southeast coast of India. It has a chain of 21 low‐lying uninhabited islands extending from Rameswaram to Tuticorin. These islands are endowed with coral reefs, beds of seagrasses, and other associated marine life. Growing human population has led to accelerated coral mining and destructive fishing practices and this has brought about changes in the bio‐geomorphology of the islands, altered the hydrodynamic conditions, and resulted in severe erosion of the islands. The area of Vaan Island had decreased from 20.8 ha in 1969 to 2.33 ha in 2015. While hard measures have proven successful in preventing erosion, ecosystem‐based measures taking into account the resilience of the flora and fauna yield greater and more natural benefits. A total of 10,600 perforated trapezoidal artificial reef (AR) modules were deployed in clusters along two rows on the windward side of Vaan Island. ARs of 1 and 2 m height were placed respectively along contours of 2 and 3 m depth. The shape and arrangement of the ARs dissipated wave energy through the shoaling effect. As a result, a spit appeared and the area increased to 3.15 ha. The ARs also support epibenthic communities, benthic macrofauna, corals, and fishes. The deployment of an ecosystem‐based multipurpose perforated trapezoidal AR model has been successful not only in restoring the sinking island but also in enhancing the species richness, and it can be adopted as a tool in the restoration of islands and their marine ecosystems.
The relationship of volume overload and its control to hypertension in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Flythe Jennifer E. , Bansal Nisha 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHypertension is highly prevalent and associated with poor clinical outcomes among individuals receiving maintenance hemodialysis (HD). Volume overload is a key modifiable contributor to hypertension and cardiovascular disease in the HD population. Despite their importance, assessment and treatment of volume overload and hypertension remain major clinical challenges and have substantial implications for both clinical outcomes and patient experiences of care. This review will summarize current data on the diagnosis, epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical consequences of hypertension and volume overload in HD patients. We will also identify priorities for future research studies.
Cognitive Science Is and Should Be Pluralistic
Authors: Gentner Dedre 
Published: September 2019

AbstractNúñez et al (2019) argue (1) that the field of Cognitive Science has failed, in that it has not arrived at a cohesive theory, and (2) that this is contrary to the intentions of the founders. Their survey of publication and citation patterns bears out the lack of a cohesive theory and also provides corroboration for (3) the concern that the field is becoming unbalanced, with psychology overweighted (Gentner, 2010). I will argue against points (1) and (2), but agree with point (3). My central claim is that cognitive science was never meant to have one unified theoretical framework, nor should it have.
Multidisciplinary Flux and Multiple Research Traditions Within Cognitive Science
Authors: Cooper Richard P. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractNúñez et al. (2019) argue that cognitive science has failed either “to transition to a mature inter‐disciplinary coherent field” (p. 782) or “to generate a successful [Lakatosian] research program” (p. 789). We argue that the former was never the intention of many early researchers within the field, while the latter is an inappropriate criterion by which to judge an entire discipline. However, we concur with Núñez et al. (2019) that the individual disciplinary balance within cognitive science has changed over time. Of particular concern is the fact that the use of computational methods appears to be on the wane.
Events in Early Nervous System Evolution
Authors: Paulin Michael G. , Cahill‐Lane Joseph 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe propose that neurons and nervous systems evolved among thin, motile, microbe‐eating animals during the Ediacaran period (635–543 million years ago). Spiking neurons evolved from epithelial cells around the margins of Ediacaran microbial mat grazers that initially specialized to detect weak bioelectric fields of nearby animals and to trigger rapid withdrawal movements. According to this scenario, nervous systems are a consequence of two preceding animal innovations, external digestion and motility, which have co‐evolved in concert with nervous systems ever since. We suggest that fundamental characteristics of modern nervous systems can be explained by studying how nervous systems originated during the Ediacaran period, as natural computers for predictive statistical inference given event‐based sense data.
Cost-Effectiveness of Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair Versus Medical Therapy in Patients With Heart Failure and Secondary Mitral Regurgitation
Authors: Baron Suzanne J. , Wang Kaijun , Arnold Suzanne V. , Magnuson Elizabeth A. , Whisenant Brian , Brieke Andreas , Rinaldi Michael , Asgar Anita W. , Lindenfeld Joann , Abraham William T. , Mack Michael J. , Stone Gregg W. , Cohen David J. ,   On behalf of the COAPT Investigators
Published: September 2019

Background:
The COAPT trial (Cardiovascular Outcomes Assessment of the MitraClip Percutaneous Therapy for Heart Failure Patients With Functional Mitral Regurgitation) demonstrated that edge-to-edge transcatheter mitral valve repair (TMVr) with the MitraClip resulted in reduced mortality and heart failure hospitalizations and improved quality of life compared with maximally tolerated guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) in patients with heart failure and 3 to 4+ secondary mitral regurgitation. Whether TMVr is cost-effective compared with GDMT in this population is unknown.

Methods:
We used data from the COAPT trial to perform a formal patient-level economic analysis of TMVr+GDMT versus GDMT alone for patients with heart failure and 3 to 4+ secondary mitral regurgitation from the perspective of the US healthcare system. Costs for the index TMVr hospitalization were assessed using a combination of resource-based accounting and hospital billing data (when available). Follow-up medical care costs were estimated on the basis of medical resource use collected during the COAPT trial. Health utilities were estimated for all patients at baseline and 1, 6, 12, and 24 months with the Short Form Six-Dimension Health Survey.

Results:

Initial costs for the TMVr procedure and index hospitalization were $35 755 and $48 198, respectively. Although follow-up costs were significantly lower with TMVr compared with GDMT ($26 654 versus $38 345;
P
=0.018), cumulative 2-year costs remained higher with TMVr because of the upfront cost of the index procedure ($73 416 versus $38 345;
P
<0.001). When in-trial survival, health utilities, and costs were modeled over a lifetime horizon, TMVr was projected to increase life expectancy by 1.13 years and quality-adjusted life-years by 0.82 years at a cost of $45 648, yielding a lifetime incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $40 361 per life-year gained and $55 600 per quality-adjusted life-year gained.

Conclusions:
For symptomatic patients with heart failure and 3 to 4+ secondary mitral regurgitation, TMVr increases life expectancy and quality-adjusted life expectancy compared with GDMT at an incremental cost per quality-adjusted life-year gained that represents acceptable economic value according to current US thresholds.

Clinical Trial Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT01626079.
Systematics and biogeography of the genus Scaria Bolívar, 1887 (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae: Batrachideinae)
Authors: CADENA-CASTAÑEDA OSCAR J. , DE MELLO MENDES DIEGO MATHEUS , SILVA DANIELA SANTOS MARTINS , GRANDA JUAN MANUEL CARDONA , GARCÍA ALEXANDER GARCÍA , TUMBRINCK JOSEF 
Published: September 2019

The Amazon rainforest is the world’s most extensive tropical rainforest, holding a considerable ecological and taxonomic diversity. Speciation in this region arises from multiple factors, such as topography, climate fluctuations, oceanic transgression, vegetation and the delimitation of zones circumscribed by sub-basins within the greater Amazon basin. Different scenarios have been proposed to better understand the diversification of Amazonian taxa, whether by Pleistocene refugia or by areas of endemism. The genus Scaria is distributed mostly in Amazonia, with a single species that ranges from the Tumbes-Chocó-Magdalena ecoregion well into Central America all the way to southern Nicaragua. Eight species are currently recognized, with three additional described here as new: Scaria rafaeli sp. nov., S. jonasi sp. nov. and S. granti sp. nov., and the status of S. laeta stat. resurr. is revalidated. Two new combinations are established: S. verutum comb. nov. (formerly placed in Rehnidium Grant, 1956) and Batrachidea brevis comb. nov. (formerly placed in Scaria). New synonym is proposed: Batrachidea brevis (Hancock, 1909) = Batrachidea inermis Hebard, 1923 syn. nov. Lectotypes and paralectotypes were selected for S. laeta, S. maculata and S. lineata, as well as the neotypes for S. hamata and S. boliviana. An updated key to species of Scaria is also provided. A cladistic analysis for 15 species was performed (12 in the inner group and 3 in the outer group) with 40 morphological characters, confirming the monophyly of Scaria. A biogeographical analysis of dispersion-vicariance indicates that the origin of the genus was probably in the Inambari endemism center as the only reconstruction of the resulting ancestral distribution, five dispersions and three vicariance events being postulated. These suggest that both types of events are equally important in the current configuration of the distribution in Scaria. Vicariance events arise mostly by isolation of the species because of the uplift of the Andes and the dispersion events comprise four waves originating from the ancestral range into central and east Amazonia.
The relationship of the shear wave elastography findings of patients with unilateral lumbar disc herniation and clinical characteristics
Authors: Wang Qingyuan , Zhang Hao , Zhang Jinxin , Zhang Hanqi , Zheng Hui 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
The aim of this study was to find out whether the shear wave elastography (SWE) findings of patients with unilateral lumbar disc herniation (LDH) were related to clinical characteristics.

Methods
For this purpose, the study group included patients (N = 20; 13 male, 7 female) with complaints of unilateral sciatica, with foraminal stenosis caused by one level of LDH (L4-L5 or L5-S1). An gender-and age-matched control group (N = 27; 16 male, 11 female) was included. All the patients were examined on both the axial and longitudinal planes bilaterally at the same level using a convex array probe (1- 6 MHz, Supersonic Imagine, Aix en Provence, France).

Results
The sciatic nerve stiffness measured on longitudinal planes of the affected side was significantly higher than unaffected side (p < 0.001) and the control group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the symptom duration of unilateral LDH is positively correlated with the stiffness the sciatic nerve (r = 0.52, p = 0.019).

Conclusion
According to these findings, ultrasound imaging can be considered as a useful tool to detect changes in the sciatic nerve due to disc herniation. This technique will have a promising prospect for many patients with unilateral LDH in monitoring stiffness during rehabilitation and before or after surgery.
Effect of LongRange™ eprinomectin on Anopheles arabiensis by feeding on calves treated with the drug
Authors: Belay Aklilu , Petros Beyene , Gebre-Michael Teshome , Balkew Meshesha 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Misuse of long-lasting insecticidal nets together with resistance of vectors to most of the insecticides for indoor residual spraying and impregnated nets threaten malaria vector control interventions, requiring search for alternative control methods. Reports have shown that Anopheles mosquitoes die when they feed on endectocidal drugs used to treat humans and animals. A study was designed to investigate the efficacy of LongRange™ (eprinomectin 5%) on laboratory reared Anopheles arabiensis fed on treated calves.

Methods
Anopheles arabiensis from insectary colony was fed on three calves treated with therapeutic dose of LongRange™ eprinomectin (1 ml/50 kg) and on non-treated three other calves as control arm. For the feeding, mosquitoes were placed in paper cups covered with nylon cloth mesh and then allowed to feed on the necks of calves. Subsequently, mosquito survival, fecundity, egg hatchability, larval development and adult emergence were recorded. Data were entered and analysed by using SPSS version 20. The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and independent sample t-test were used.

Results
All mosquitoes that fed on LongRange™ Eprinomectin treated calves died within 7 days following blood ingestion. The drug also slightly affected fecundity and hatchability of An. arabiensis.

Conclusion
Treating livestock with LongRange™ (eprinomectin 5%) may serve as a supplementary control method for zoophagic An. arabiensis.
Milk-derived exosomes (MDEs) have a different biological effect on normal fetal colon epithelial cells compared to colon tumor cells in a miRNA-dependent manner
Authors: Reif Shimon , Elbaum Shiff Yaffa , Golan-Gerstl Regina 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Breastfeeding is the ideal source of infant nutrition. Human milk consists not only of nutrients but also biologically active components. Among these latter compounds, exosomes contain proteins, lipids, mRNAs and miRNAs.

Methods
To elucidate the biological effects of milk-derived exosomes (MDEs) on normal colonic epithelial cells compared to colonic tumor cells, we incubated cells with MDEs. MDEs were able to enter into normal and tumor cells and change their miRNA expression profiles. Proliferation, cell morphology and protein expression were analyzed in these cells.

Results
Human milk-derived exosomes induced proliferation- and epithelial mesenchymal transformation-related changes, such as collagen type I and twist expression, in normal but not in tumor cells. PTEN, a target of miRNA-148a, was downregulated in normal but not in tumor cells following incubation with MDEs. Moreover, miRNA-148a-3p knockdown cells were used to demonstrate the importance of miRNA in the effect of exosomes on cell proliferation and protein expression. MDEs inhibited proliferation and DNMT1 expression in cells with knockdown of miRNA-148a.

Conclusions
In conclusion, the positive effect of exosomes on normal cells without affecting tumor cells may presents an aspect of their safety when considering it use as a nutritional supplement to infant formula.
Uncertainty quantification of parenchymal tracer distribution using random diffusion and convective velocity fields
Authors: Croci Matteo , Vinje Vegard , Rognes Marie E. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundInflux and clearance of substances in the brain parenchyma occur by a combination of diffusion and convection, but the relative importance of these mechanisms is unclear. Accurate modeling of tracer distributions in the brain relies on parameters that are partially unknown and with literature values varying by several orders of magnitude. In this work, we rigorously quantified the variability of tracer distribution in the brain resulting from uncertainty in diffusion and convection model parameters.MethodsUsing the convection–diffusion–reaction equation, we simulated tracer distribution in the brain parenchyma after intrathecal injection. Several models were tested to assess the uncertainty both in type of diffusion and velocity fields and also the importance of their magnitude. Our results were compared with experimental MRI results of tracer enhancement.ResultsIn models of pure diffusion, the expected amount of tracer in the gray matter reached peak value after 15 h, while the white matter did not reach peak within 24 h with high likelihood. Models of the glymphatic system were similar qualitatively to the models of pure diffusion with respect to expected time to peak but displayed less variability. However, the expected time to peak was reduced to 11 h when an additional directionality was prescribed for the glymphatic circulation. In a model including drainage directly from the brain parenchyma, time to peak occured after 6–8 h for the gray matter.ConclusionEven when uncertainties are taken into account, we find that diffusion alone is not sufficient to explain transport of tracer deep into the white matter as seen in experimental data. A glymphatic velocity field may increase transport if a large-scale directional structure is included in the glymphatic circulation.