bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular Insights Into β‐Glucuronidase Inhibition by Alhagi Graecorum Flavonoids: A Computational and Experimental Approach
Authors: Kamel Emadeldin M. , Maodaa Saleh , Al‐Shaebi Esam M. , Mokhtar Lamsabhi Al 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this study, we aimed to investigate the inhibitory mechanisms of β‐glucuronidase by flavonoids derived from Alhagi graecorum through both experimental and computational approaches. The activity of β‐glucuronidase was assessed using an in vitro enzyme inhibition assay, where myricetin and chrysoeriol were identified as potent inhibitors based on their low IC50 values. Kinetic studies were conducted to determine the inhibition type, revealing that both compounds exhibit noncompetitive inhibition of β‐glucuronidase‐catalyzed hydrolysis of PNPG. Molecular docking was employed to explore the binding affinities of the flavonoids, showing that myricetin formed the highest number of polar interactions with the enzyme. Additionally, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed to evaluate the stability of the enzyme‐inhibitor complexes, demonstrating consistent trajectory behavior for both compounds, with significant energy stabilization. Interaction energy analyses highlighted the dominant role of electrostatic forces in myricetin′s inhibition mechanism, while Van der Waals forces were more prominent for chrysoeriol. The MM/PBSA method was used to calculate the binding free energies, with myricetin and chrysoeriol exhibiting the lowest values. Potential energy landscape analysis further revealed that β‐glucuronidase adopts a more closed conformation when bound to these inhibitors, limiting substrate access. These findings suggest that flavonoids from Alhagi graecorum hold promise for clinical applications, particularly in managing drug‐induced enteropathy.
Exploring the Electronic Interactions of Adenine, Cytosine, and Guanine with Graphene: A DFT Study
Authors: Qasem Jawaher , Lone Baliram 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study has provided new insights into the interaction between graphene and DNA nucleobases (adenine, cytosine, and guanine). It compares how each nucleobase interacts with graphene, examining their selectivity and binding energy. The research also explores how these interactions impact the electronic properties of graphene, showing potential applications in graphene‐based biosensors and DNA sequencing technologies. Additionally, the findings suggest potential uses in DNA sensing and the functionalization of graphene for various biomedical applications. This study employs density functional theory (DFT) methods, utilizing the B3LYP functional with the 6‐311G basis set, to explore the electronic interactions between DNA nucleobases (adenine, cytosine, and guanine) with pure graphene (Gr). We investigate various properties, including adsorption energy, HOMO‐LUMO energy levels, charge transfer mechanisms, dipole moments, energy gaps, and density of states (DOS). Our findings indicate that cytosine interacts most favorably with graphene through its oxygen site (Gr‐Cyt‐O), exhibiting the strongest adsorption. Additionally, adenine's interaction significantly enhances its electronegativity and chemical potential, particularly at the nitrogen position, while decreasing its electrophilicity. Guanine, characterized by the smallest energy gap, demonstrates the highest conductivity among the nucleobases. These results suggest that graphene possesses advantageous properties as an adsorbent for guanine, highlighting its potential applications in biosensor technology.
Construction and application of a re‐education program for elderly patients undergoing radiation therapy based on the Skinnerian teaching model
Authors: Jiang Jing , He Xia , Lou Shuchang , Chen Wei , Zhang Qiuping , Huan Yan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTo develop a re‐education program for elderly patients undergoing radiation therapy based on the Skinnerian teaching model, with the aim of improving their adaptability and quality of life. Through Skinnerian teaching principles, from January 1, 2023 to April 3, 2024, an analysis of the educational needs of elderly patients was conducted to establish the educational content and program. Through the Delphi method, 55 experts were invited to optimize the program, and 54 patients were piloted. The recall rates for the two rounds of counseling were 100% and 97.26%, and the indicator importance scores and Kendall's coefficients of concordance indicated the consistency and reliability of the program. The program was combined with online and offline instruction for 30 min at a time, with frequency adjusted according to content. The program was scientific and reliable, with easy‐to‐understand content and a variety of formats that met the laws of memorization and effectively assessed the educational process and outcomes.
Trade Off Analysis Between Fixed‐Time Stabilization and Energy Consumption of Nonlinear Stochastic Systems
Authors: Wang Yuchun , Zhu Song , Shao Hu , Wang Li , Wen Shiping 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe trade off analysis between the fixed‐time stabilization in probability and energy consumption of nonlinear stochastic system is studied in this paper. By constructing a switching controller and using inequality techniques, sufficient conditions for fixed‐time stabilization in probability in the Lyapunov sense are given, and the upper bounds of the settling time function and energy consumption are estimated. Then, by analyzing the relationship between control parameters, control time and energy consumption, the existence of trade off between control time and energy consumption is proposed, and the corresponding optimal parameter values are given. Finally, a numerical example is used to verify the validity of the theoretical results.
Prescribed‐Time Distributed Optimization With Set Constraints Based on Time‐Domain Transformation
Authors: Zhu Chunxia , Yu Zhiyong , Jiang Haijun 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper delves into the prescribed‐time distributed optimization problem for multi‐agent systems (MASs), considering set constraints. First, we transform the challenging optimization problem from the prescribed‐time ‐domain into the asymptotic time ‐domain through a time‐domain transformation (TDT) technique. This strategic shift substantially mitigates the analytical complexities inherent in the original formulation. Second, we develop a novel class of TDT‐based optimization algorithms, utilizing gradient projection and Lagrange multipliers. This algorithm is tailored to efficiently tackle the distributed optimization problem while adhering to the set constraints. To further alleviate the computational and communication overheads, we introduce a corresponding TDT‐based event‐triggered optimization algorithm. Moreover, a rigorous analysis of both the optimal solution to the optimization problem and the system's stability is given by using optimization theory and Lyapunov stability theory. This comprehensive analysis provides valuable insights into the behavior and performance of our proposed approach. Finally, two numerical simulation results are presented to demonstrate the feasibility as well as effectiveness of the offered distributed control arrangement.
A Comprehensive Survey of Stink Bug Pheromones ‐ Extraction, Identification, Synthesis, Biosynthesis, and Phylogenetic Insights
Authors: Souza João P. A. , Jorge Isaac R. , dos Santos Aluska T. , Figueiredo Leonardo , Rosa Brunno B. , Paladini Andressa , Zarbin Paulo H. G. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractStink bugs (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae) are well known by the strong odor of the defensive compounds they release, which can mediate intra‐ and/or interspecific interactions. Pentatomidae is one of the largest families of Heteroptera and includes many phytophagous species that are considered pests of various crops, as well as predatory species that provide biological control. Against this background, numerous research papers in Chemical Ecology have focused on communication within this group. This paper reviews the chemical compounds reported for nearly ninety taxa, including sex and aggregation pheromones for fifty‐three species of Pentatomidae. Based on these pheromones and proposed biosynthesis pathways, we hypothesize that sex/aggregation pheromones could play a role in taxonomic groups. Characters were determined and evaluated according to their distributions in recent taxonomic classifications, allowing for the inference of the phylogenetic positioning of three species never evaluated in previous taxonomic analyses.
Medial joint line tenderness is an indicator for meniscal injuries in dogs
Authors: McDonald Daniel J. , Nakahara Nima , Gal Arnon , Mitchell Richard A. S. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundMedial meniscal injury is an important aspect of cranial cruciate ligament disease in dogs. This study examines whether caudomedial joint line palpation of the stifle is correlated with medial meniscal injury in canine stifles with concurrent cranial cruciate ligament disease.MethodsA total of 91 dogs (97 stifles) presenting with cranial cruciate ligament disease were assessed by palpation of the caudomedial joint line of the affected stifle by a single surgeon. Surgery was then performed to assess for injury to the medial meniscus. The odds of dogs with pain on palpation having a medial meniscal tear were then calculated, with the significance level set at p‐value of 0.05.ResultsDogs showing pain on caudomedial joint palpation had 34.5 times (95% confidence interval 9.7‒125) greater odds of having a medial meniscal tear. Pain on caudomedial joint line palpation had a sensitivity of 0.86, specificity of 0.85, positive predictive value of 0.94, negative predictive value of 0.70 and accuracy of 0.86 for identifying dogs with a medial meniscal tear.LimitationsThe amount of pressure placed on the caudomedial joint line was not assessed and a control group was not included.ConclusionMedial joint line tenderness has a significant relationship with medial meniscal tear in dogs with cranial cruciate ligament disease.
Career Trajectories and Europeanisation
Authors: Santilli Cecilia , Scaramuzzino Roberto 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis chapter examines the career trajectories of Italian civil society leaders compared to those at the EU level. EU civil society organisations are a relatively recent phenomenon that has grown over the past few decades. They often act as umbrella groups with member organisations across European countries. While Italian civil society has a longer history, EU civil society leaders frequently transition from domestic roles. Our analysis explores how the career paths of these two elite groups differ and the extent to which Europeanisation impacts upon career trajectories. The chapter reveals that Italian leaders tend to have longer tenures and more internally developed career paths, which are deeply rooted within their organisations. In contrast, EU leaders more commonly transition from other roles, whether from within the same organisation’s EU office or by joining new European umbrella groups. This suggests that EU paths require more of a disruptive “leap” from domestic roles. Italian leaders are also more likely to rise through representative board positions at local/regional levels, whereas EU leaders take a more professionalised staff career track. While some nationally influential Italian leaders access EU roles, qualitative insights indicate that they face challenges in adapting individual skillsets to the more competitive European arena versus leveraging domestic organisational capital. Overall, career trajectories highlight contrasting patterns shaped by national traditions versus emerging EU logics and opportunities.
The View of Power and Status
Authors: Santilli Cecilia , Scaramuzzino Roberto 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis chapter explores the subjective views and self-perceptions of top-level civil society leaders in Italy and Sweden regarding the general elite and the civil society elite. Drawing on data from the Civil Society Elite Survey study, it examines how civil society leaders define and delineate the boundaries between these two elite groups. The analysis uncovers both similarities and differences across national contexts, revealing nuanced understandings of elite status, power dynamics, and the normative underpinnings that shape civil society elites’ positioning within broader power structures. Civil society leaders often frame themselves as wielding mediated influence and emphasise the organisational context as a key determinant of their elite status. Furthermore, they employ a normative lens to associate their elite status with positive attributes aligned with civil society values, contrasting themselves against perceived negative characteristics of the general elite. While acknowledging their own elite status, civil society elites perceive themselves as a counterweight to dominant power structures, championing solidarity, social justice, and democratic participation.
The applicability of prompt-gamma activation analysis to obsidian provenance studies—The case of a strange find: a blade from Csongrád (South-East Hungary)
Authors: Kasztovszky Zsolt , Markó András , Sándor Szende , Biró T. Katalin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn the last twenty years, prompt-gamma activation analysis (PGAA) turned out to be successful in provenance research of obsidians, i.e. in the identification of possible raw material sources of various archaeological objects. Since the early 2000s, a significant database has been built at the Budapest Neutron Centre, which includes compositional data of about 500 geological and archaeological obsidian items, representing the major European and Mediterranean sources. Besides the straightforward cases of provenance studies, however, there are still a few difficult questions to answer. During the excavations of a unique grave at Csongrád (SE Hungary), a long transparent obsidian blade was found together with other objects. The grave was dated to 4370–4239 (1σ, 68.2%) cal. BC, belonging to the first wave of the ‘Pit Grave’ culture and having strong eastern contacts. Following the first energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) measurement in 1983, the blade was compared to the Carpathian 1 (Slovakian) type raw material. In 2019, PGAA and portable X-Ray Fluorescence analysis have been done on the same piece. Based on the first results, the Csongrád specimen, unlike other archaeological samples studied so far, was not possible to unambiguously associate with any of the known obsidian types. In order to clarify the provenance of the Csongrád blade, we have extended our database with more geological reference data from both sides of the Caucasus (i.e. from Armenia and Georgia), which are the closest outcrops to the main distribution region of the Pit Grave Culture in the NE part of the Black Sea. Until now, still no reassuring explanation is available concerning the provenance of the object with unusual composition.
Non-hemolytic peptide classification using a quantum support vector machine
Authors: Zhuang Shengxin , Tanner John , Wu Yusen , Huynh Du , Liu Wei , Cadet Xavier , Fontaine Nicolas , Charton Philippe , Damour Cedric , Cadet Frederic , Wang Jingbo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractQuantum machine learning (QML) is one of the most promising applications of quantum computation. Despite the theoretical advantages, it is still unclear exactly what kind of problems QML techniques can be used for, given the current limitation of noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices. In this work, we apply the well-studied quantum support vector machine (QSVM), a powerful QML model, to a binary classification task which classifies peptides as either hemolytic or non-hemolytic. Using three peptide datasets, we apply and contrast the performance of the QSVM with a number of popular classical SVMs, out of which the QSVM performs best overall. The contributions of this work include: (i) the first application of the QSVM to this specific peptide classification task and (ii) empirical results showing that the QSVM is capable of outperforming many (and possibly all) classical SVMs on this classification task. This foundational work provides insight into possible applications of QML in computational biology and may facilitate safer therapeutic developments by improving our ability to identify hemolytic properties in peptides.
Co-drawing to Learn in Science
Authors: Areljung Sofie , Andersson Johanna , Hermansson Carina , Skoog Marianne , Sundberg Bodil 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis article is about the pedagogical potentials and challenges of co-drawing in science education. It builds on video data from three primary school classrooms where students worked in pairs to draw some science content on a shared paper. Grounded in a sociomaterialist approach, we analyse how students, drawing tools, paper templates, visual resources, and science concepts collaborate during drawing activities. Our findings reveal that even though two students share a paper they do not necessarily negotiate their understandings of the science content they are asked to draw. For example, one student may shape a verbal and visual narrative about the science content with little input from the other, or negotiations may focus more on drawing techniques and composition than on understanding the science content. However, the article identifies a promising scenario in terms of science learning opportunities, when both students draw within a confined space on the paper. In such cases, it seems that science learning emerge while drawing and that both students are involved in a joint learning process.
The Universalism of Logic in Stephen Langton’s Analysis of the Blessing Given to Jacob
Authors: Trepczyński Marcin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this article, I illustrate the universalism of logic using the example of Stephen Langton’s ($$\dagger $$
†
1228) exegesis presented in his theological question 103. This text refers to the biblical story of Isaac blessing his son Jacob, who pretended to be his brother, Esau. I present the universalism of logic understood as its broad applicability and effectiveness. I argue that logic is very useful even in analyzing biblical exegesis. Langton’s exegesis benefits from logical knowledge on different levels. One of them is the application of a semiotic theory to formulate a solution to the problem of the validity of Isaac’s blessing. Above all, Langton distinguishes between a discrete and a vague (or simple) use of the pronoun “you.” Notably, Langton’s analysis of various speech acts in terms of his semiotic (or pragmatic) theory is also a basis to formulate the conditions of felicity of the act of blessing (understood in the theological context), which shows that logic can be not only broadly applicable, but also effective. Finally, question 103 proves that logic is universal also in a different way, namely: it can provide solutions which are acceptable for representatives of different traditions.
Tivozanib Monotherapy in the Frontline Setting for Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma and Favorable Prognosis
Authors: Frazer Ricky , Arranz José Ángel , Estévez Sergio Vázquez , Parikh Omi , Krabbe Laura-Maria , Vasudev Naveen S. , Doehn Christian , Marschner Norbert , Waddell Tom , Ince Will , Goebell Peter J. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
In this review, we discuss which patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) may be most suitable for frontline tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) monotherapy, a treatment option supported by emerging long-term efficacy data including overall survival and quality of life. We specifically focus on tivozanib, a potent and selective inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, which has comparable efficacy to other single-agent TKIs in frontline treatment for mRCC while exhibiting fewer off-target side effects.

Recent Findings
Combination therapy with TKIs and checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) and CPI/CPI combination therapies, as well as TKI monotherapy are recommended frontline treatment options for mRCC. Treatment decisions are complex and based on several factors, including the patient’s International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium risk status, age, comorbidities, and personal preferences related to response, tolerability, and quality of life. TKIs not only serve as backbone of most combination therapies for mRCC, but also remain a viable monotherapy option in the first-line setting for patients in favorable risk groups and those with contraindications to CPI combination therapies.

Summary
Given that overall survival benefits have not yet been confirmed for CPI-containing combination regimens in favorable risk patients, we argue that frontline single-agent TKI treatment remains a standard of care option for these patients. This is supported by treatment guidelines, even in the era of TKI/CPI combination therapies.
Investigation of semiconductor to metallic transitions of perovskite CsGeCl3 material through induced pressure: a DFT calculation for photovoltaic and optoelectronic applications
Authors: Azeem Waqar , Shahzad Muhammad Khuram , Hussain Shoukat , Azad Fahad , Aslam Muhammad Jehanzaib , Tirth Vineet , Alqahtani Hassan , Algahtani Ali , Al-Mughanam Tawfiq , Wong Yew Hoong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFirst-principle investigations explore materials science for functional purposes. The physical properties of CsGeCl3 are investigated under pressure in steps of 1.0 GPa. The CASTEP and GGA-PBE technique is used to understand the characteristics of cubic-based CsGeCl3 crystal structures with space group 221. The energy bandgap (BG) exhibited direct semiconductors to metallic transition nature at pressures and its value decreased from 1.06 to 0.0 eV. It is observed during computations that it maintains the cubic phase with lattice parameters decreasing from 5.33 to 5.02 Å. A thorough analysis of optical characteristics under pressure shows that the UV spectrum region corresponds to strong peaks in optical properties, with a slight shift in peaks towards greater energies. Additionally, it satisfies the Born stability for mechanical stability and has an anisotropic (A) nature due to the anisotropic factor (0.529 to 1.501) of unity. The ductile nature of CsGeCl3 is indicated by the Poisson scale (0.260 to 0.289) limits and Pugh’s ratio (1.751 to 2.037). If Cauchy pressure (Cp) is low, the material shows non-metallic behavior, and at high pressures, it shows metallic behavior, with a range of 1.299 to 9.961 GPa. As a result, the analysis shows that said material is suitable for photovoltaic and optoelectronic activity.