bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cancer care for transgender and gender‐diverse people: Practical, literature‐driven recommendations from the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer
Authors: Cathcart‐Rake Elizabeth J. , Chan Alexandre , Menendez Alvaro , Markstrom Denise , Schnitzlein Carla , Chong Yee Won , Dizon Don S. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn the United States, over 2 million individuals openly identify with a gender that differs from their sex assigned at birth. A cancer diagnosis is physically and psychologically taxing—and, in some, traumatic. However, for transgender and gender‐diverse (TGD) people, many of whom have experienced discrimination in myriad health care settings, the challenges may be even greater. These recommendations focus on how best to deliver quality cancer care to transgender men (individuals who identify as men but were assigned female sex at birth), transgender women (individuals who identify as women but were assigned male sex at birth), and people who identify somewhere beyond this gender spectrum as nonbinary or using other terms, based on the available, albeit sparse, literature. This review broaches: (1) the epidemiology of cancer in TGD individuals, including the incidence of cancer and cancer‐related mortality; (2) cancer center practices that are welcoming and affirming to TGD patients; (3) the need for awareness and intentionality in the spaces of diagnosis and treatment for cancer; (4) the inevitable conclusion that gender differences exist but much more needs to be learned about the impact of gender‐affirming therapy, consisting of gender‐affirming surgeries and gender‐affirming hormone therapy, on cancer therapy; and (5) the efficacy and perceived safety of antineoplastic therapy and gender‐affirming hormone therapy.
Pięcioksiąg w przekładzie na język karaimski
Authors: Németh Michał 
Published: December 2024

Tom ten zawiera pierwsze pełne, drukowane wydanie Pięcioksięgu Mojżeszowego w przekładzie na język Karaimów polsko-litewskich. Tekst wydania oparty jest na najstarszym znanym nam obecnie rękopiśmiennym przekładzie na ten język, zajmującym, dzięki swej unikatowości, ważne miejsce w spuściźnie kulturowej narodu karaimskiego. Rękopis powstał w roku 1720.Podczas redagowania tomu starano się znaleźć złoty środek między jak najwierniejszym zachowaniem oryginalnych cech języka tłumaczenia a stworzeniem wydania w pełni zrozumiałego dla osób znających współczesny język karaimski. Szata fonetyczna przekładu została dostosowana do współczesnej wymowy, w nielicznych przypadkach zapomniane już dawno wyrazy zostały zastąpione ich bardziej zrozumiałymi odpowiednikami. Ujednolicono również zapis wyrazów, które w przekładzie występowały w różnych wariantach. Skorygowane zostały ewidentne błędy pisarskie, zidentyfikowano i poprawiono drobne nieścisłości w przekładzie. Co ważne, wszystkich tych zmian dokonano na podstawie innych istniejących rękopiśmiennych przekładów. Kluczowe znaczenie miało uzupełnienie tekstu o interpunkcję, bowiem karaimskie rękopiśmienne dzieła religijne sporządzone pismem hebrajskim prawie w ogóle nie zawierają znaków interpunkcyjnych.Oddajemy w ręce Czytelnika tom z nadzieją, że będzie on nie tylko interesującą lekturą, ale również narzędziem do praktyki religijnej.Michał Németh
“Breaking a vicious cycle”: the reproduction of ableism in higher education and its impact on students with disabilities
Authors: Goodall Gemma , Mjøen Odd Morten , Witsø Aud Elisabeth , Horghagen Sissel , Kvam Lisbeth 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionDespite the widespread promotion of inclusive learning environments, students with disabilities have to exert time and effort in gaining accommodations and proving themselves as competent individuals. In following up a factorial survey experiment that found that students with disabilities are considered less likely to achieve their educational goals compared to students without, this study explored how understandings of inclusive education and disability are constructed within Norwegian higher education institutions.MethodNineteen employees across 10 universities participated in focus group interviews. Transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis.ResultsThree themes were generated: (1) determining the role of the educator, (2) knowing how, when, and why to grant accommodations, (3) calling for action from the university.DiscussionOverall, the findings suggest that understandings of inclusion are ambiguous and characterized by juxtaposing ideals. The participants’ accounts illustrate how they are tasked with promoting inclusion while simultaneously protecting their respective professions. Thus, despite being considered a resource based on their diversity, students with disabilities are still expected to fit into an environment designed for mainstream learners. In discussing these findings in light of ableist theory, we argue that more action is needed on a systemic level to restructure how inclusive education is understood and practiced.
The waist-to-height ratio is a good predictor for insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Zhu Mengyi , Wang Kaiyue , Feng Jiaxing , Liu Yang , Guan Muxin , Wang Yu , Wu Xiaoke 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the role of the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) in assessing insulin resistance (IR) in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).Materials and methodsWe enrolled 882 PCOS-afflicted women in a cross-sectional analysis to evaluate the association of the WHtR with IR. Their demographic characteristics, anthropometric parameters, and fasting blood samples were collected and measured. Moreover, IR was evaluated by homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). We estimated the relationship between the WHtR and IR and the cut-off thresholds of the WHtR for IR using multivariable linear regression and logistic regression models, respectively.Result(s)The prevalence rate of IR was 51.9%. The patients with PCOS and IR displayed significantly increased values for body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), WHtR, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), free androgen index (FAI), HOMA-IR, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and apolipoprotein B (ApoB). However, the patients with PCOS and IR showed a reduction in estradiol (E2), luteinizing hormone (LH), LH/FSH ratio, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) values than those without IR. Moreover, BMI (log-transformed), WC, and HOMA-IR (log-transformed) were positively correlated with the WHtR. When adjusting for potential confounding variables, the WHtR was significantly associated with HOMA-IR (log-transformed), with a standardized regression coefficient of 0.271. Furthermore, the WHtR was significantly associated with an increased risk of IR, with the adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 3.15 (WHtR multiplied by 10). Additionally, the WHtR helped to identify IR in women with PCOS with an optimal cut-off point of 0.519 (Youden index = 0.433).Conclusion(s)The WHtR had a positive association with IR in women with PCOS. Hence, we suggest that the WHtR, as a simple, practical, and reliable anthropometric measure, can be used to predict the risk of IR in patients with PCOS.
Integrating necroptosis into pan-cancer immunotherapy: a new era of personalized treatment
Authors: Gao Yan , Chen Sheng , Li Lei 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionNecroptosis has emerged as a promising biomarker for predicting immunotherapy responses across various cancer types. Its role in modulating immune activation and therapeutic outcomes offers potential for precision oncology. MethodsA comprehensive pan-cancer analysis was performed using bulk RNA sequencing data to develop a necroptosis-related gene signature, termed Necroptosis.Sig. Multi-omics approaches were employed to identify critical pathways and key regulators of necroptosis, including HMGB1. Functional validation experiments were conducted in A549 lung cancer cells to evaluate the effects of HMGB1 knockdown on tumor proliferation and malignancy. ResultsThe Necroptosis.Sig gene signature effectively predicted responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Multi-omics analyses highlighted HMGB1 as a key modulator of necroptosis, with potential to enhance immune activation and therapeutic efficacy. Functional experiments demonstrated that HMGB1 knockdown significantly suppressed tumor proliferation and malignancy, reinforcing the therapeutic potential of targeting necroptosis. DiscussionThese findings underscore the utility of necroptosis as a biomarker to guide personalized immunotherapy strategies. By advancing precision oncology, necroptosis provides a novel avenue for improving cancer treatment outcomes.
Efficacy and safety of misoprostol compared with dinoprostone for labor induction at term: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Lakho Nusrat , Hyder Mahrukh , Ashraf Taimoor , Khan Sajida , Kumar Ajay , Jabbar Maheen , Kumari Madhurta , Qammar Asfia , Kumar Sateesh , Kumari Muskan , Deepak Fnu , Raj Kapil , Ali Azzam 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundLabor induction is a common obstetric intervention, increasingly performed worldwide, often using prostaglandins like misoprostol and dinoprostone.ObjectiveThis study aims to compare the effectiveness and safety of intravaginal misoprostol versus dinoprostone for inducing labor, examining their impact on various maternal and neonatal outcomes.MethodsA systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted using four databases—PubMed, Google Scholar, EBSCO, and the Cochrane Library—from January 2000 to April 2023. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving singleton pregnancies at term (37–42 weeks) with unfavorable cervices, where intravaginal misoprostol was compared to dinoprostone. Key outcomes evaluated for effectiveness included vaginal delivery within 24 h, overall vaginal delivery rate, and need for oxytocin augmentation. Safety outcomes assessed were tachysystole, uterine hyperstimulation, abnormal cardiotocography, NICU admissions, cesarean delivery, and APGAR scores. Risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects model in Review Manager (RevMan) version 5.4.1.ResultsEight RCTs with a total of 1,801 participants (937 in the misoprostol group and 864 in the dinoprostone group) met the inclusion criteria. Misoprostol required a significantly less oxytocin augmentation than dinoprostone [RR = 0.83; 95% CI (0.71, 0.97), p = 0.02]. Other outcomes, including rates of cesarean delivery, uterine tachysystole, hyperstimulation, and NICU admissions, showed no significant differences between the two groups, indicating comparable safety and efficacy profiles.ConclusionThis meta-analysis demonstrates that intravaginal misoprostol is an effective and safe alternative to dinoprostone for labor induction at term. Misoprostol achieved comparable efficacy and safety outcomes while requiring less oxytocin augmentation, supporting its potential as a practical induction agent in clinical settings.
The impact of zinc pre-exposure on ciprofloxacin resistance development in E. coli
Authors: Suprenant Mark P. , Ching Carly , Gross Neila , Sutradhar Indorica , Anderson Jessica E. , El Sherif Nourhan , Zaman Muhammad H. 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health crisis that is predicted to worsen in the coming years. While improper antibiotic usage is an established driver, less is known about the impact of other endogenous and exogeneous environmental factors, such as metals, on AMR. One metal of interest is zinc as it is often used as a supplement for diarrhea treatment prior to antibiotics.Materials and methodsHere, we probed the impact of zinc on ciprofloxacin resistance in E. coli via altering zinc exposure time and order. We found that the order of exposure to zinc impacted resistance development. These impacted samples then underwent whole genome and RNA sequencing analysis.ResultsZinc pre-exposure led to a subsequent acceleration of ciprofloxacin resistance. Specifically, we saw that 5 days of zinc pre-exposure led samples to have nearly a 4× and 3× higher MIC after 2 and 3 days of subinhibitory antibiotics, respectively, compared to samples not pre-exposed to zinc, but only if ciprofloxacin exposure happened in the absence of zinc. Additionally, for samples that underwent the same pre-exposure treatment, those exposed to a combination of zinc and ciprofloxacin saw delayed ciprofloxacin resistance compared to those exposed to only ciprofloxacin resulting in up to a 5× lower MIC within the first 2 days of antibiotic exposure. We did not observe any genetic changes or changes in antibiotic tolerance in cells after zinc pre-exposure, suggesting changes in gene expression may underlie these phenotypes.DiscussionThese results highlight the need to reexamine the role of zinc, and supplements more broadly, on antibiotic resistance evolution.
Investigating the crosstalk between ABCC4 and ABCC5 in 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation
Authors: Laddha Ankit P. , Wahane Aniket , Bahal Raman , Manautou José E. 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionThe plasma membrane-bound protein, multi-drug resistance-associated protein 4 (MRP4/ABCC4), has gained attention for its pivotal role in facilitating the efflux of a wide range of endogenous and xenobiotic molecules. Its significance in adipogenesis and fatty acid metabolism has been brought to light by recent studies. Notably, research on ABCC4 knockout (ABCC4−/−) mice has established a link between the absence of ABCC4 and the development of obesity and diabetes. Nevertheless, the specific contribution of ABCC4 within adipose tissue remains largely unexplored.MethodsTo address this gap, we conducted a study to elucidate the role of the ABCC4 transporter in mature adipocytes, using siRNA constructs to silence its gene function.ResultsThe successful knockdown of ABCC4 significantly altered lipid status and adipogenic gene expression in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Intriguingly, this knockdown also altered the gene expression patterns of other ABCC transporter family members in 3T3-L1 cells. The downregulation of ABCC5 expression was particularly noteworthy, suggesting potential crosstalk between ABCC transporters in mature adipocytes. Additionally, knocking down ABCC5 resulted in significantly higher adipogenic and lipogenic gene expression levels. Oil Red O staining confirmed increased lipid accumulation following the knockdown of ABCC4 and ABCC5. Surprisingly, the simultaneous knockdown of both transporters did not show a cumulative effect on adipogenesis, rather it led to higher levels of intracellular cAMP and extracellular prostaglandin metabolite, both of which are essential signaling molecules in adipogenesis.ConclusionThese results highlight the complex interplay between ABCC4 and ABCC5 transporters in adipocyte function and suggest their individual contributions toward obesity and related disorders.
Elevated HIF-1α levels in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a potential link to increased cognitive impairment risk
Authors: Guo Lan , Jia Caiyun , Luo Ke , Liang Juanrong , Wang Lijun , Hui Tianli 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionIn China, an increasing number of patients with end-stage renal disease are undergoing hemodialysis treatment. While this treatment yields relatively positive outcomes, the prevalence of cognitive impairment in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis ranges from 24 to 80%, which is significantly higher than the general population.MethodIn this retrospective study, a total of 120 patients with kidney disease undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) were enrolled. The cognitive status of these patients was assessed using the C-MoCA score, which allowed categorization into two groups: the no cognitive impairment (NCI) group and the cognitive impairment (CI) group. Relevant clinical data, laboratory test results, as well as HIF-1α levels, were collected and analyzed to determine their relationship with the cognitive status of the patients.ResultsIn this study, a total of 45 patients (37.5%) developed CI, and their C-MoCA scores were significantly lower (21.6 ± 2.43) compared to patients in the NCI group (27.56 ± 1.48) (P &lt; 0.001). The CI group was characterized by older age, lower levels of education, as well as lower levels of serum total bilirubin, serum total protein (TP), albumin, serum creatinine, and serum phosphorus in comparison to the NCI group. Additionally, CI patients exhibited higher levels of HIF-1α, received fewer monthly hemodiafiltration or hemoperfusion treatments, and had a lower rate of rosacastat treatment. Furthermore, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses demonstrated that older age (OR = 11.266 [95% CI: 2.775–45.747], P = 0.001) and higher HIF-1α (OR = 20.654 [4.831–88.298], P &lt; 0.001) increased the risk of developing CI, while higher educational attainment reduced the risk of developing CI (&gt; 12 years, OR = 0.004 [95% CI: 0.016–0.619], P≤0.001; 6–12 years, OR = 0.099 [95% CI: 0.000–0.049], P = 0.013).DiscussionCognitive impairment in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) was found to be associated with older age, lower level of education, and higher HIF-1α levels. These factors should be taken into consideration by clinicians to monitor the cognitive status of MHD patients.
The impact of surgery with general anesthesia on cognitive function and putamen volume: a cross-sectional study among older adults
Authors: Jiang Jianjun , Zhang Zhuyun , Zheng Hong , Lu Jian , Li Wei 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundPrevious studies have shown that surgery under general anesthesia may diminish cognitive function; however, the proposed mechanisms need further elucidation. The purpose of the current study was twofold: (1) to compare overall and domain-specific differences in cognitive function between the surgery under general anesthesia group and the control group, and (2) to investigate the possible mechanisms of surgery under general anesthesia affecting cognitive function, using T1-structural magnetic resonance imaging.MethodsA total of 194 older adults were included in this study. Patients were divided into a surgery under general anesthesia group (n = 92) and a control group (n = 104). The two groups were matched for age, sex, and educational level. All participants underwent clinical evaluation, neuropsychological testing, blood biochemistry analysis, and T1 phase structural magnetic resonance imaging.ResultsWe found that older adults with a history of surgery under general anesthesia had lower Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores and smaller right putamen volumes (p &lt; 0.05). Linear regression analysis (mediation model) indicated that surgery under general anesthesia affected MoCA scores by diminishing the volume of the right putamen (B = 1.360, p = 0.030).ConclusionWe found evidence that older adults who underwent surgery under general anesthesia had poorer cognitive function, which may have been caused by an apoptotic or otherwise toxic effect of anesthetic drugs on the volume of the right putamen.
Prevalence of high-risk group for obstructive sleep apnea using the STOP-Bang questionnaire and its association with cardiovascular morbidity
Authors: Kang Jieun , Koo Hyeon-Kyoung , Kang Hyung Koo , Seo Woo Jung , Kang Jiyeon , Kim Jinseob 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivesObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep-related breathing disorder, yet many cases remain undiagnosed. The STOP-Bang questionnaire was developed to identify individuals at high risk of OSA. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of individuals with suspected OSA using the STOP-Bang risk stratification in the general population of South Korea. Additionally, we determined if the STOP-Bang risk stratification independently predicts cardiovascular morbidity.MethodsData from the eighth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2019–2020) were used. Participants aged ≥40 with complete data for STOP-Bang questionnaire were included. A STOP-Bang score of ≥5 classified individuals as high-risk whereas scores of 3–4 and less than 3 classified them as intermediate- and low-risk, respectively. The association between the high-risk group and cardiovascular morbidity was analyzed using complex sample logistic regression.ResultsAmong the 6,630 participants included, approximately 6.7% were classified as high-risk based on the STOP-Bang questionnaire. The prevalence of diagnosed OSA in the high-risk group was 4.0%. The high-risk group showed a significantly higher prevalence of cardiovascular morbidity (11.9%) compared to those in the low- and intermediate-risk groups (3.0 and 8.1%, respectively). After adjusting for variables associated with cardiovascular risk, the high-risk group remained an independent predictor of increased likelihood of cardiovascular morbidity compared to the low-risk group (odds ratio, 2.05; p = 0.002). When stratified by sex, STOP-Bang high-risk was significantly associated with cardiovascular morbidity in men; however, the same trend was not observed in women.ConclusionWe found a significant proportion of individuals at high risk of OSA is likely to remain undiagnosed in the general population of South Korea. The high-risk group demonstrated a higher burden of cardiovascular morbidity, and the STOP-Bang high-risk group was an independent predictor of cardiovascular morbidity.
Machine learning based algorithms for virtual early detection and screening of neurodegenerative and neurocognitive disorders: a systematic-review
Authors: Yousefi Milad , Akhbari Matin , Mohamadi Zhina , Karami Shaghayegh , Dasoomi Hediyeh , Atabi Alireza , Sarkeshikian Seyed Amirali , Abdoullahi Dehaki Mahdi , Bayati Hesam , Mashayekhi Negin , Varmazyar Shirin , Rahimian Zahra , Asadi Anar Mahsa , Shafiei Daniel , Mohebbi Alireza 
Published: December 2024

Background and aimNeurodegenerative disorders (e.g., Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s) lead to neuronal loss; neurocognitive disorders (e.g., delirium, dementia) show cognitive decline. Early detection is crucial for effective management. Machine learning aids in more precise disease identification, potentially transforming healthcare. This comprehensive systematic review discusses how machine learning (ML), can enhance early detection of these disorders, surpassing traditional diagnostics’ constraints.MethodsIn this review, databases were examined up to August 15th, 2023, for ML data on neurodegenerative and neurocognitive diseases using PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. Two investigators used the RAYYAN intelligence tool for systematic reviews to conduct the screening. Six blinded reviewers reviewed titles/abstracts. Cochrane risk of bias tool was used for quality assessment.ResultsOur search found 7,069 research studies, of which 1,365 items were duplicates and thus removed. Four thousand three hundred and thirty four studies were screened, and 108 articles met the criteria for inclusion after preprocessing. Twelve ML algorithms were observed for dementia, showing promise in early detection. Eighteen ML algorithms were identified for Parkinson’s, each effective in detection and diagnosis. Studies emphasized that ML algorithms are necessary for Alzheimer’s to be successful. Fourteen ML algorithms were discovered for mild cognitive impairment, with LASSO logistic regression being the only one with unpromising results.ConclusionThis review emphasizes the pressing necessity of integrating verified digital health resources into conventional medical practice. This integration may signify a new era in the early detection of neurodegenerative and neurocognitive illnesses, potentially changing the course of these conditions for millions globally. This study showcases specific and statistically significant findings to illustrate the progress in the area and the prospective influence of these advancements on the global management of neurocognitive and neurodegenerative illnesses.