bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does motor noise from recreational boats alter parental care behaviour of a nesting freshwater fish?
Authors: Maxwell Ryan J. , Zolderdo Aaron J. , de Bruijn Robert , Brownscombe Jake W. , Staaterman Erica , Gallagher Austin J. , Cooke Steven J. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Recreational boating activity has the potential to generate noise pollution that may influence wild fish. Such noise may be particularly relevant to fish engaged in parental care (PC), where alterations in behaviour could influence individual fitness and productivity of fish populations.
Here, the PC behaviour of the freshwater largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) was examined to determine whether disturbance from boat noise altered paternal behaviour. Changes in nest‐tending and brood‐guarding behaviour were measured following exposure to noise treatments of 1‐min duration using underwater playbacks of recorded boat noises.
One experiment compared the behaviour of bass tending eggs before, during, and after exposure to high‐speed or idling combustion motors, or an electronic bow‐mounted trolling motor. No significant differences in the time on nest, number of pectoral fin beats, and number of turns between the pre‐treatment, treatment, and post‐treatment periods for all three motor types were observed.
A second experiment assessed the impacts of noise (high‐speed combustion motor only) on the behaviour of nesting bass across the development stages of offspring (i.e. egg, egg‐sac fry, and swim‐up fry). During the egg‐sac fry stage, nest‐guarding males turned significantly less on the nest during the noise treatment compared with the long‐term post‐treatment period, indicating a stage‐specific impact of boat noise on parental behaviour. The effect was transient, however, and limited to the period that the noise was present.
Given that PC and recreational boating activity tend to co‐occur in nearshore areas, prolonged or frequent repeated exposure of nesting fish to boat noise during the egg‐sac fry stage could have adverse consequences for fitness and reproductive output. Efforts to restrict recreational boating activity in the vicinity of fish engaged in PC (e.g. through the use of set‐backs) would be a risk‐averse approach to mitigating the effects of noise pollution on fish.
Skin Gene Expression Is Prognostic for the Trajectory of Skin Disease in Patients With Diffuse Cutaneous Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Stifano Giuseppina , Sornasse Thierry , Rice Lisa M. , Na Leo , Chen‐Harris Haiyin , Khanna Dinesh , Jahreis Angelika , Zhang Yuqing , Siegel Jeff , Lafyatis Robert 
Published: May 2018

ObjectiveAt present, there are no clinical or laboratory measures that accurately forecast the progression of skin fibrosis and organ involvement in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). The goal of this study was to identify skin biomarkers that could be prognostic for the progression of skin fibrosis in patients with early diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc).MethodsWe analyzed clinical data and gene expression in skin biopsy samples from 38 placebo‐treated patients, part of the Roche Safety and Efficacy of Subcutaneous Tocilizumab in Adults with Systemic Sclerosis (FASSCINATE) phase II study of tocilizumab in SSc. RNA samples were analyzed using nCounter. A trajectory model based on a modified Rodnan skin thickness score was used to describe 3 skin disease trajectories over time. We examined the association of skin gene expression with skin score trajectory groups, by chi‐square test. Logistic regression was used to examine the prognostic power of each gene identified.ResultsWe found that placebo‐treated patients with high expression of messenger RNA for CD14, SERPINE1, IL13RA1, CTGF, and OSMR at baseline were more likely to have progressive skin score trajectories. We also found that those genes were prognostic for the risk of skin progression and that IL13RA1, OSMR, and SERPINE1 performed the best.ConclusionSkin gene expression of biomarkers associated with macrophages (CD14, IL13RA1) and transforming growth factor β activation (SERPINE1, CTGF, OSMR) are prognostic for progressive skin disease in patients with dcSSc. These biomarkers may provide guidance in decision‐making about which patients should be considered for aggressive therapies and/or for clinical trials.
Adaptive Observer‐Based Global Sliding Mode Control for Uncertain Discrete‐Time Nonlinear Systems with Time‐Delays and Input Nonlinearity
Authors: Pai Ming‐Chang 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA new discrete‐time adaptive global sliding mode control (SMC) scheme combined with a state observer is proposed for the robust stabilization of uncertain nonlinear systems with mismatched time delays and input nonlinearity. A state observer is developed to estimate the unmeasured system states. By using Lyapunov stability theorem and linear matrix inequality (LMI), the condition for the existence of quasi‐sliding mode is derived and the stability of the overall closed‐loop system is guaranteed. Finally, simulation results are presented to demonstrate the validity of the proposed scheme.
High sucrose low copper diet in pregnant diabetic rats induces transient oxidative stress, hypoxia, and apoptosis in the offspring's liver
Authors: Ergaz Zivanit , Weinstein‐Fudim Liza , Ornoy Asher 
Published: May 2018

BackgroundHyperglycemia‐related oxidative stress and hypoxia are important mechanisms responsible for diabetes‐induced embryopathy and other complications. High sucrose low copper diet (HSD), but not regular diet (RD), induces type 2 diabetes in the inbred Cohen diabetic sensitive (CDs) rats but not in the Sabra control rats. We recently demonstrated long‐term changes of DNA methylation and gene expression in various groups of genes, including genes involved in oxidant‐antioxidant activity in the liver of 2–4‐week‐old CDs offspring of diabetic dams. We now studied the postnatal effects of diabetes and/or HSD on several liver metabolic parameters in these offspring.Methodswe studied lipid peroxidation, activity of the antioxidants enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT). By immunohistochemistry: protein oxidation by nitrotyrosine staining, hypoxia inducing factor1α (HIF1α), apoptosis [caspase 3, bcl‐2‐like protein (BAX)], proliferation [proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)] and NF‐κB.ResultsIn the Sabra rats fed HSD only few, early and transitional changes were observed in lipid peroxidation, SOD and CAT activity. In the CDs fed HSD more significant changes in lipid and protein oxidation, HIF1α, apoptosis and proliferation were observed, persisting for longer.ConclusionsThe changes in the Sabra rats HSD were attributed to the pro‐oxidant effects of the diet and those in the diabetic CDs to the HSD and maternal diabetes. In light of the DNA methylation changes in the liver of the CDs HSD, we presume that changes in gene expression are responsible for our findings, and that similar changes may lead to the metabolic syndrome at adulthood.
Assessment of spectroscopic parameters of solvated Eu(dmh)3phen organometallic complex in various basic and acidic solvents
Authors: Chitnis Dipti , Kalyani N. Thejo , Dhoble Sanjay 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWe report on the comprehension of novel europium activated hybrid organic Eu(dmh)3phen (Eu: europium, dmh: 2,6‐dimethyl‐3,5‐heptanedione, phen: 1,10 phenanthroline) organo‐metallic complexes, synthesized at different pH values by the solution technique. Photo physical properties of these complexes in various basic and acidic solvents were probed by UV–vis optical absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectra. Minute differences in optical absorption peaks with variable optical densities were encountered with the variation in solvent from basic (chloroform, toluene, tetrahydrofuran) to acidic (acetic acid) media, revealing bathochromic shift in the absorption peaks. The PL spectra of the complex in various acidic and basic organic solvents revealed the position of the emission peak at 613 nm irrespective of the changes in solvents whereas the excitation spectrum almost matched with that of the UV–vis absorption data. The optical density was found to be maximum for the complex with pH 7.0 whereas it gradually decreased when pH was lowered to 6.0 or raised to 8.0 at an interval of 0.5, demonstrating its pH sensitive nature. Several spectroscopic parameters related to probability of transition such as absorbance A(λ), Napierian absorption coefficient α(λ), molecular absorption cross‐section σ(λ), radiative lifetime (τ0) and oscillator strength (f) were calculated from UV–vis spectra. The relative intensity ratio (R‐ratio), calculated from the emission spectra was found to be almost the same in all the organic solvents. The optical energy gap, calculated for the designed complexes were found to be well in accordance with the ideal acceptance value of energy gap of the emissive materials used for fabrication of red organic light‐emitting diode (OLED). The relation between Stoke's shift and solvent polarity function was established by Lippert–Mataga plot. This remarkable independence of the electronic absorption spectra of Eu complexes on the nature of the solvent with unique emission wavelength furnishes its potential to serve as a red light emitter for solution processed OLEDs, display panels and solid‐state lighting.
2‐(4‐Ethoxy phenyl)‐4‐phenyl quinoline organic phosphor for solution processed blue organic light‐emitting diodes
Authors: Ghate Minakshi , Kalyani N. Thejo , Dhoble S. J. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis paper reports the synthesis and characterization of 2‐(4‐ethoxyphenyl)‐4‐phenyl quinoline (OEt‐DPQ) organic phosphor using an acid‐catalyzed Friedlander reaction and the preparation of blended thin films by molecularly doping OEt‐DPQ in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) at different wt%. The molecular structure of the synthesized phosphor was confirmed by Fourier transform infra‐red (FTIR) spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra (NMR). Surface morphology and percent composition of the elements were assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive analysis of X‐rays (EDAX). The thermal stability and melting point of OEt‐DPQ and thin films were probed by thermo‐gravimetric analysis (TGA)/differential thermal analysis (DTA) and were found to be 80°C and 113.6°C, respectively. UV–visible optical absorption spectra of OEt‐DPQ in the solid state and blended films produced absorption bands in the range 260–340 nm, while photoluminescence (PL) spectra of OEt‐DPQ in the solid state and blended thin films demonstrated blue emission that was registered at 432 nm when excited at 363–369 nm. However, solvated OEt‐DPQ in chloroform, tetrahydrofuran or dichloromethane showed a blue shift of 31–43 nm. Optical absorption and emission parameters such as molar extinction coefficient (ε), energy gap (Eg), transmittance (T), reflectance (R), refractive index (n), oscillator energy (E0) and oscillator strength (f), quantum yield (φf), oscillator energy (E0), dispersion energy (Ed), Commission Internationale de l'Éclairage (CIE) co‐ordinates and energy yield fluorescence (EF) were calculated to assess the phosphor's suitability as a blue emissive material for opto‐electronic applications such as organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs), flexible displays and solid‐state lighting technology.
Synthesizing cloth wrinkles by CNN‐based geometry image superresolution
Authors: Chen Lan , Ye Juntao , Jiang Liguo , Ma Chengcheng , Cheng Zhanglin , Zhang Xiaopeng 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWe propose a novel deep learning‐based method, called mesh superresolution, to enrich low‐resolution (LR) cloth meshes with wrinkles. A pair of low and high‐resolution (HR) meshes are simulated, with the simulation of the HR mesh tracks with that of the LR mesh. The frame data are converted into geometry images and used as a training data set. A residual network, called SR residual network, is employed to train an image synthesizer that superresolves an LR image into an HR one. Once the HR image is converted back to an HR mesh, it is abundant in wrinkles compared with its coarse counterpart. The synthesizing is very efficient and is 24× faster than a full HR simulation. We demonstrate the performances of mesh superresolution with various simulation scenes.
Semantic modeling of indoor scenes with support inference from a single photograph
Authors: Nie Yinyu , Chang Jian , Chaudhry Ehtzaz , Guo Shihui , Smart Andi , Zhang Jian Jun 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWe present an automatic approach for the semantic modeling of indoor scenes based on a single photograph, instead of relying on depth sensors. Without using handcrafted features, we guide indoor scene modeling with feature maps extracted by fully convolutional networks. Three parallel fully convolutional networks are adopted to generate object instance masks, a depth map, and an edge map of the room layout. Based on these high‐level features, support relationships between indoor objects can be efficiently inferred in a data‐driven manner. Constrained by the support context, a global‐to‐local model matching strategy is followed to retrieve the whole indoor scene. We demonstrate that the proposed method can efficiently retrieve indoor objects including situations where the objects are badly occluded. This approach enables efficient semantic‐based scene editing.
Synthetic fluid details for the vorticity loss in advection
Authors: Zhu Jian , Luo Yu , Ren Xiaohua , Cai Ruichu , Hao Zhifeng , Sun Hanqiu , Wu Enhua 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn this paper, a novel method with good numerical stability is proposed from the perspective of energy preserving to alleviate the numerical dissipations in the advection step of Eulerian fluid simulation. The main idea is to measure the vorticity loss during advection, calculate the lost angular kinetic energy with a proposed scheme, and then synthesize a high‐frequency incompressible details field to compensate the lost energy in a way that is consistent with Kolmogorov's theory, which prevents the synthetic details from interfering with the existing fluid flow. The method works independently of the advection scheme and can be easily combined with other advection schemes to enhance the effect. It adds only 5% to 10% of the computational overhead while producing convincing fluid details without changing the overall behavior of the original flow.
MicroRNA‐1 overexpression increases chemosensitivity of non‐small cell lung cancer cells by inhibiting autophagy related 3‐mediated autophagy
Authors: Hua Li , Zhu Guirong , Wei Jianguo 
Published: May 2018

AbstractNon‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a major type of lung cancer. Drug resistance is a enormous obstacle for cancer treatment. Copious microRNAs (miRNAs) have been demonstrated to be implicated in drug resistance in NSCLC. In the present study, RT‐qPCR assay revealed that microRNA‐1 (miR‐1) expression was downregulated in DDP resistant NSCLC tissues and cells. Western blot assay presented a remarkable increase of LC3B‐II/LC3B‐I ratio and a notable decline of p62 level in DDP resistant NSCLC cells, while these effects were weakened by miR‐1. GFP‐LC3 puncta experiment showed that ectopic expression of miR‐1 induced a noticeable downregulation of GFP‐LC3 positive cell percentage in DDP resistant NSCLC cells. Bioinformatical analysis and luciferase assay revealed that autophagy related 3 (ATG3) was a target of miR‐1. Also, Western blot and RT‐qPCR assays manifested that ATG3 was highly expressed in DDP resistant NSCLC tissues and cells. Additionally, miR‐1 inhibited ATG3 expression and ATG3 upregulation abolished miR‐1‐meidated autophagy inhibition in DDP resistant NSCLC cells. Cell Counting Kit‐8 (CCK‐8) assay showed that the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of cisplatin (DDP) was reduced in miR‐1‐enforced DDP resistant NSCLC cells, but was restored following the overexpression of ATG3. Flow cytometry experiments further showed that miR‐1 overexpression induced a significant upregulation of apoptotic rate and ATG3 restoration weakened miR‐1‐induced apoptosis in DDP resistant NSCLC cells. Collectively, our study validated that miR‐1 overexpression improved DDP sensitivity of NSCLC cells by inhibiting ATG3‐mediated autophagy, providing a potential therapeutic target for easing chemoresistance of anti‐tumor drugs.
Ca2+‐depended signaling pathways regulate self‐renewal and pluripotency of stem cells
Authors: Ermakov Alexander , Daks Alexandra , Fedorova Olga , Shuvalov Oleg , Barlev Nickolai A. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractCa2+‐mediated signaling is widely spread in nature and plays critical role in the individual development of various organisms ranging from microorganisms to mammals. In vertebrates, Ca2+ is involved in important developmental events: fertilization, body plan establishment, and organogenesis. The two later events are defined by embryonic stem cells (ESCs). ESCs are capable of self‐renewal and are pluripotent by nature, that is, can give rise to all types of cells that make up the body. Given the paramount importance of Ca2+ signalization in the development, it is therefore not surprising this process also plays role in the biology of stem cells. In this review, we scrutinize the published experimental data on the role of Ca2+ ions in embryonic stem cells self‐renewal and pluripotency. In line with this, we also discuss possible mechanisms of p53 inhibition as a major hindrance to self‐renewal of ESCs. Finally, we argue about the role of G‐protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs), the largest family of heteromeric transmembrane receptors, and GPCR‐mediated signalization in stem cells, and propose the role for the GPCR‐G‐protein‐PLC‐Ca2+‐downstream signaling pathway in the regulation of pluripotency of both mouse and human ESCs.
Helicity Control of Triphenylamine‐Based Supramolecular Polymers: Correlation between Solvent Properties and Helicity in Supramolecular Gels
Authors: Kim Ka Young , Kim Chaelin , Choi Yeonweon , Jung Sung Ho , Kim Ju Hyun , Jung Jong Hwa 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWe describe the role of amide groups formed by achiral and chiral moieties to study supramolecular helicity at the molecular level and the correlation between helicity and solvent properties at the supramolecular level. Using circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, we observed the CD spectra of supramolecular gel 1, which comprised a triphenylamine (TPA) core, terpyridine, and alanine moieties, formed in various solvents. The strong positive CD signals of supramolecular gel 1 formed in organic solvents, such as chloroform, tetrahydrofuran (THF), and dichloromethane, which have low polarity and a low acceptor number, were observed at 350 nm, indicating right‐handed helicity. In contrast, the negative CD signals of supramolecular gel 1 formed in mixed DMSO/water (5:1 v/v), methanol, ethanol, and n‐propanol were obtained at 350 nm, indicating left‐handed helicity. These findings suggest that the helicity of supramolecular gel 1 was strongly influenced by the solvent properties. Indeed, atomic force spectroscopy images showed the right‐ and left‐handed helicity of supramolecular gel 1 formed in various organic solvents, which was pure helicity.
Electroactive Amphiphiles for Addressable Supramolecular Nanostructures
Authors: Townsend E. J. , Alotaibi M. , Mills B. M. , Watanabe K. , Seddon A. M. , Faul C. F. J. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn this focus review we aim to highlight an exciting class of materials, electroactive amphiphiles (EAAs). This class of functional amphiphilic molecules has been the subject of sporadic investigations over the last few decades, but little attempt has been made to date to gather or organise these investigations into a logical fashion. Here we attempted to gather the most important contributions, provide a framework in which to discuss them, and, more importantly, point towards the areas where we believe these EAAs will contribute to solving wider scientific problems and open new opportunities. Our discussions cover materials based on low molecular weight ferrocenes, viologens and anilines, as well as examples of polymeric and supramolecular EAAs. With the advances of modern analytical techniques and new tools for modelling and understanding optoelectronic properties, we believe that this area of research is ready for further exploration and exploitation.
Identification of Phosphorylated Proteins on a Global Scale
Authors: Iliuk Anton 
Published: May 2018

AbstractLiquid chromatography (LC) coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) has enabled researchers to analyze complex biological samples with unprecedented depth. It facilitates the identification and quantification of modifications within thousands of proteins in a single large‐scale proteomic experiment. Analysis of phosphorylation, one of the most common and important post‐translational modifications, has particularly benefited from such progress in the field. Here, detailed protocols are provided for a few well‐regarded, common sample preparation methods for an effective phosphoproteomic experiment. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Effect of optic flows on newborn crawling
Authors: Forma Vincent , Anderson David I. , Goffinet François , Barbu‐Roth Marianne 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis study examined the crawling characteristics of newborns placed prone on a water‐filled, transparent pediatric mattress and whether exposure to terrestrial optic flows that specify forward and backward displacement would influence leg and arm crawling movements. Twenty‐six 3‐day‐old newborns were exposed to a static checkerboard pattern that was back‐projected onto the surface underneath the mattress or a checkerboard pattern that moved toward or away from them at 0.12 m/s. Significantly more flexion and extension crawling movements of the legs were observed in the optic flow conditions, although infants did not displace their bodies significantly further on the mattress in these conditions. Unique aspects of newborn crawling were also identified.
Resistance and resilience: ten years of monitoring shrub and prairie communities in Orange County, CA, USA
Authors: Kimball Sarah , Principe Zachary , Deutschman Douglas , Strahm Spring , Huxman Travis E. , Lulow Megan , Balazs Kathleen 
Published: May 2018

AbstractMediterranean‐climate natural systems have high ecological value, yet the extent of their cover has diminished greatly due to changes in land use. Other stressors, ranging from intense short‐term disturbances such as wildfire to more gradual events such as extended drought and continuous pressures including competition with invasive species, test the resistance and resilience of community composition and structure. Data from long‐term monitoring provided an opportunity to evaluate the responses of three Southern California plant communities (chaparral, coastal sage scrub, and grassland) to disturbances. We analyzed ten years of point intercept and quadrat data from Orange County to describe trends through time and assess community resistance and resilience. We found that grassland communities, which were more degraded from the start of our study, were generally resistant to change. Chaparral was also fairly resistant to disturbance, while coastal sage scrub exhibited more variation, with some transects exhibiting more resilience than others. Transects with fewer native shrubs experienced less of a decline in shrub cover during drought than those with dense shrubs. Grasslands had the lowest native diversity. There were increases in native diversity in years with more precipitation that were preceded by dry years. There was a decline in native perennial bunchgrasses during our monitoring. Our analyses demonstrated the resilience of native shrub cover to fire and the susceptibility (low resistance) of dense native shrubs and native grasses to drought and increases in non‐native species. We encourage academic ecologists to embrace diverse data sources available for hypothesis testing, especially monitoring efforts associated with regulatory purposes, to advance the goal of understanding long‐term dynamics.