bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving management of comorbidity in patients with colorectal cancer using comprehensive medical assessment: A pilot study
Authors: Signal Virginia , Jackson Christopher , Signal Louise , Hardie Claire , Holst Kirsten , McLaughlin Marie , Steele Courtney , Sarfati Diana 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Screening for and active management of comorbidity soon after cancer diagnosis shows promise in altering cancer treatment and outcomes for comorbid patients. Prior to a large multi-centre study, piloting of the intervention (comprehensive medical assessment) was undertaken to investigate the feasibility of the comorbidity screening tools and proposed outcome measures, and the feasibility, acceptability and potential effect of the intervention. Methods : In this pilot intervention study, 72 patients of all ages (36 observation/36 intervention) with newly diagnosed or recently relapsed colorectal adenocarcinoma were enrolled and underwent comorbidity screening and risk stratification. Intervention patients meeting pre-specified comorbidity criteria were referred for intervention, a comprehensive medical assessment carried out by geriatricians. Each intervention was individually tailored but included assessment and management of comorbidity, polypharmacy, mental health particularly depression, functional status and psychosocial issues. Recruitment and referral to intervention were tracked, verbal and written feedback were gathered from staff, and semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with patients to assess screening tool and intervention feasibility and acceptability. Interviews were transcribed and analysed thematically. Patients were followed for 6 - 12 months after recruitment to assess feasibility of proposed outcome measures (chemotherapy uptake and completion rates, grade 3 - 5 treatment toxicity, attendance at hospital emergency clinic, and unplanned hospitalisations) and descriptive data on outcomes collated. Results: Of the 29 intervention patients eligible for the intervention, 21 received it with feedback indicating that the intervention was acceptable. Those in the intervention group were less likely to be on 3+ medications, to have been admitted to hospital in previous 12 months, or to have limitations in daily activities. Collection of data to measure proposed outcomes was feasible with 55% (6/11) of intervention patients completing chemotherapy as planned compared to none (of 14) of the control group. No differences were seen in other outcome measures. Overall the study was feasible with modification, but the intervention was difficult to integrate into clinical pathways. Conclusions: This study generated valuable results that will be used to guide modification of the study and its approaches prior to progressing to a larger-scale study.
Performance of ultrasonography screening for breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Lei , Wang Shengfeng , Zhang Liwen , Sheng Chao , Song Fengju , Huang Yubei 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background To provide a global profile of supplemental ultrasonography (US) screening after mammography (MAM) screening or primary US screening for breast cancers.Methods Electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Wed of Science, and Embase) were systematically searched to identify relevant studies published between January 2003 and May 2018. Only high-quality or fair-quality studies reporting any of the following performance values for supplemental or primary US screening were included: sensitivity, specificity, cancer detected rate (CDR), recall rate (RR), biopsy rate (BR), and proportions of invasive cancers (ProIC) or node-positive cancers (ProNPC) among screening-detected cancers.Results Twenty-three studies were included, including 12 supplemental US screening studies and 11 joint screening studies in which both MAM and US were used as primary screening methods. Meta-analyses revealed that supplemental US screening could detect 96% [95% confidential intervals (CIs): 82% to 99%] of occult breast cancers missed by MAM and identify 94% (95% CIs: 88% to 97%) of healthy women, with a CDR of 2.9/1000 (95%CIs: 1.8/1000 to 3.9/1000), RR of 8.6% (95%CIs: 4.8% to 13.5%), BR of 3.9% (95%CIs: 2.5% to 5.5%), ProICof 73.9% (95%CIs: 49.0% to 93.7%), and ProNPC of 72.6% (95%CIs: 51.9% to 90.0%). Compared with primary MAM screening, primary US screening led to the recall of significantly more women with positive screening results [1.2% (95%CIs:0.4% to 1.9%), P =0.004] and detected significantly more invasive cancers [20.2% (95%CIs: 7.2% to 33.1%), P = 0.002]. However, there were no significant differences for other performance measures between the two screening methods, including sensitivity, specificity, CDR, BR, and ProNPC.Conclusions Supplemental US screening could detect occult breast cancers missed by MAM, while primary US screening performances are comparable to those of primary MAM screening, but with a higher recall rate and a higher detection rate for invasive cancers.
Electroacupuncture for postoperative pain after nasal endoscopic surgery: Study protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Li Shanshan , Zhang Qing , Yin Xuan , Yue Hongyu , Zhang Wei , Lao Lixing , Zhang Zhangjin , Wu Huangan , Xu Shifen 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Postoperative pain is a common disorder that interferes with the quality of sleep after nasal endoscopic surgery and delays postoperative recovery. Acupuncture is an effective tool for pain management. However, electroacupuncture specifically for the relief of postoperative pain after nasal endoscopic surgery has not yet been studied through a randomized controlled trial. Method/Design: A randomized, sham-controlled, patient- and- assessor-blind trial is designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture in managing postoperative pain following nasal endoscopic surgery of sinusitis with nasal polyps. There will be 30participants randomly allocated to an electroacupuncture or non-invasive sham control in a 1:1 ratio. Treatment will be done within 2 hours before operation, immediately after the operation upon arrival to the recovery ward, and once daily for 3 days. The primary outcome of the Pain Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) will be analyzed using the area-under-the-curve (AUC) method. The secondary outcome measures include Heart Rate (HR) and Blood Pressure (BP) after operation, the sleep quality during the hospital stay (Actigragh),Quality of Recovery-15 (QoR-15), and the MOS item short form health survey (SF-36). ITT analysis will be used in this RCT. Discussion: This trial protocol provides an example of clinical application for the management of postoperative pain using electroacupuncture treatment. If the electroacupuncture treatment protocol confirms that this treatment method is effective and safe, it can be implemented as a standard of care for relieving postoperative pain in Chinese and Western medicine.
The Effects of Tai Chi on Grade 1 Hypertension: A Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Lee Sang Hyun , Kim Byung-Jun , Park In-Hwa , Hwang Eui-Hyoung , Park Eun Ju , Jang In-soo , Hwang Man-Suk 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Medication is generally recommended to reduce the morbidity and mortality caused by cardiovascular disease in hypertensive patients. However, considering the difficulties and economic factors associated with long-term medication, interest in tai chi as an exercise treatment method has been recently increasing in Korean medical practice. Numerous studies have suggested that tai chi can be used to treat various diseases and affect psychosomatic factors such as anxiety. This study aims to evaluate the effect of tai chi in reducing blood pressure among grade 1 hypertensive patients.Methods In this randomized, active-controlled, assessor-blinded, two parallel-armed trial, 80 grade 1 hypertension patients will be recruited and randomly assigned to the usual care group or to the tai chi group (n = 40 in each group). Subjects who voluntarily signed a study agreement will be educated to manage their own blood pressure by restricting salt intake, losing weight, moderating alcohol consumption, performing exercise, and regulating dietary intake at their first visit. In addition to self-management, the tai chi group will perform two 60-minute tai chi sessions per week for a total of 8 weeks. Blood pressure will be measured as the primary outcome. In addition, body composition, heart rate, and the perceived strength and difficulty of the exercise will be measured as secondary outcomes.Discussion This study intends to conduct a randomized controlled trial of tai chi, which is not widely practiced in Korea. This study will provide valuable data on the effects of tai chi on hypertension, to inform non-pharmaceutical treatment options for this disorder.
A non-local model output statistics approach for the downscaling of CMIP5 GCMs for the projection of rainfall in Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Noor Muhammad , Ismail Tarmizi bin , Ullah Shahid , Iqbal Zafar , Nawaz Nadeem , Ahmed Kamal 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In this study, a non-local model output statistics (MOS) approach is proposed for the downscaling of daily rainfall of coupled model intercomparison project phase 5 (CMIP5) general circulation models (GCMs) for the projections of rainfall in Peninsular Malaysia for two representative concentration pathway (RCP) scenarios, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. Projections of eight GCMs for both the mentioned RCPs were used for this purpose. The GCM simulations were downscaled at 19 observed stations distributed over Peninsular Malaysia. Random forest (RF) was used for the development of non-local regression-based MOS models. The results revealed a high accuracy of the models in downscaling rainfall at all the observed stations. The mean absolute error (MAE) of the models were found in the range of 0.8–0.39; normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) between 7.4 and 41.7, Percent Bias (PBIAS) between –0.3 and 10.1, Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient (NSE) between 0.81 and 0.99 and R2 between 0.89 and 0.99. The increase in annual rainfall was in the range of 7.3–29.5%. The increase was higher for RCP8.5 compared to RCP4.5. The maximum increase was observed in the northern part of Peninsular Malaysia in the range of 20.7–29.5%, while the minimum in the south-west region was in the range of 7.6–15.2%.
Challenges in water resources of Lagos mega city of Nigeria in the context of climate change
Authors: Shiru Mohammed Sanusi , Shahid Shamsuddin , Shiru Suleiman , Chung Eun Sung , Alias Noraliani , Ahmed Kamal , Dioha Emmanuel Chukwuka , Sa'adi Zulfaqar , Salman Saleem , Noor Muhammad , Nashwan Mohamed Salem , Idlan Mohd Khairul , Khan Najeebullah , Momade Mohammed Hamza , Houmsi Muhammad Rajab , Iqbal Zafar , Ishanch Qutbudin , Sediqi Mohammad Naser 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This study assesses the water resources and environmental challenges of Lagos mega city, Nigeria, in the context of climate change. Being a commercial hub, the Lagos population has grown rapidly causing an insurmountable water and environmental crisis. In this study, a combined field observation, sample analysis, and interviews were used to assess water challenges. Observed climate, general circulation model (GCM) projections and groundwater data were used to assess water challenges due to climate change. The study revealed that unavailability of sufficient water supply provision in Lagos has overwhelmingly compelled the population to depend on groundwater, which has eventually caused groundwater overdraft. Salt water intrusion and subsidence has occurred due to groundwater overexploitation. High concentrations of heavy metals were observed in wells around a landfill. Climate projections showed a decrease in rainfall of up to 140 mm and an increase in temperature of up to 8 °C. Groundwater storage is projected to decrease after the mid-century due to climate change. Sea level rise will continue until the end of the century. As the water and environmental challenges of Lagos are broad and the changing characteristics of the climate are expected to intensify these as projected, tackling these challenges requires a holistic approach from an integrated water resources management perspective.
Modeling dynamics of organic carbon and nitrogen removal during aeration interruption in aerated horizontal flow treatment wetlands
Authors: Boog Johannes , Kalbacher Thomas , Nivala Jaime , van Afferden Manfred , Müller Roland A. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Despite recent developments in process-based modeling of treatment wetlands (TW), the dynamic response of horizontal flow (HF) aerated wetlands to interruptions of aeration has not yet been modeled. In this study, the dynamic response of organic carbon and nitrogen removal to interruptions of aeration in an HF aerated wetland was investigated using a recently-developed numerical process-based model. Model calibration and validation were achieved using previously obtained data from pilot-scale experiments. Setting initial concentrations for anaerobic bacteria to high values ( 35–70 mg L−1) and including ammonia sorption was important to simulate the treatment performance of the experimental wetland in transition phases when aeration was switched off and on again. Even though steady-state air flow rate impacted steady-state soluble chemical oxygen demand (CODs), ammonia nitrogen (NH4–N) and oxidized nitrogen (NOx–N) concentration length profiles, it did not substantially affect corresponding effluent concentrations during aeration interruption. When comparing simulated with experimental results, it is most likely that extending the model to include mass transfer through the biofilm will allow to better explain the underlying experiments and to increase simulation accuracy. This study provides insights into the dynamic behavior of HF aerated wetlands and discusses assumptions and limitations of the modeling approach.
Development of an Early Warning System to Prevent Crises in the Palliative Home Care Setting of Patients and Their Informal Caregivers: Protocol for a Mixed Method Study
Authors: Fringer André , Arrer Eleonore , Maier Edith , Schnepp Wilfried , Ulmer Tom 
Published: September 2019

BackgroundMost people wish to die at home, but most people in Switzerland die in hospitals or nursing homes. Family caregivers often offer support so patients with palliative care needs can stay at home for as long as possible. However, crises and unplanned hospital admissions often occur in this setting because of family caregiver strain and symptom severity in patients. The so-called smart devices such as wearables or smartphones offer the opportunity to continuously monitor certain parameters and recording symptom deteriorations. By providing professionals with this information in a timely manner, crises in the home could be avoided.ObjectiveThe aim of this interdisciplinary study is to explore the symptom burden of people with palliative care needs who are cared for at home and to understand the development of crises in the home care setting. On the basis of the findings from this study, we will develop an early warning system to stabilize the home care situation and to prevent critical events from happening, thereby reducing avoidable hospitalizations.MethodsA mixed method study is being conducted consisting of 4 main consecutive phases: (1) developing the monitoring system; (2) pretesting the system and adapting it to user needs; (3) conducting the study in the palliative home care setting with approximately 40 patients; and (4) distinguishing symptom patterns from the collected data specific to crisis emergence, followed by the development of an early warning system to prevent such crises. In study phase 3, each patient will receive an upper arm sensor and a symptom diary to assess symptom burden related to patients and family caregivers. A within-case analysis will be conducted for each patient’s situation followed by a cross-case comparison to identify certain symptom patterns that may predict symptom deterioration (study phase 4).ResultsThe collaboration with the local mobile palliative care team for participant recruitment and data collection has been established. Recruitment is forthcoming.ConclusionsWe expect the findings of this study to provide holistic insight into symptom burden and the well-being of patients with palliative care needs and of their family caregivers. This information will be used to develop an early warning system to avoid the occurrence of potential crises, thereby improving palliative care provision at home.International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/13933
An IR for the Global South or a Global IR? (Guest Editorial)
Authors: Acharya Amitav 
Published: September 2019

The field of international relations (IR) is witnessing growing efforts to challenge Western centrism and give more space and voice to the Global South. These efforts are happening under a variety of labels, such as, but not limited to, non-Western IR, post-Western IR, Global IR, etc.To be sure, attempts to “bring the Global South in” by highlighting and generalizing from its contexts and challenges are not new. One could think of several examples, with Dependency theory and, somewhat later, Postcolonialism being two of the most prominent approaches. But recent efforts have been broader and targeted the entire discipline of IR, especially its major theories and concepts. And they have brought in a wider range of theoretical perspectives than Marxism and Postcolonialism, including Constructivism (Acharya), English School (Buzan) and even some realists (e.g. Mohammed Ayoob’s Subaltern Realism”).But labels overlap and can be confusing. Does post-Western subsume or exclude pre-Western or premodern, or pre-Westphalian histories and institutions? Are the distinctions between West and non-West meaningful? (They are increasingly blurred, but alas, the major IR theories are yet to reflect this) What is the difference between “non-Western” and “post-Western”?
EFEKTIFITAS BIMBINGAN KELOMPOK DALAM MENGURANGI PERILAKU BULLYING DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING
Authors: Yelisma Neci 
Published: September 2019

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh adanya siswa yang melakukan kekerasan vrbal dan nonverbal kepada siswa lainnya, yang menyebabkan siswa yang mendapat kekerasan jarang dan takut untuk pergi kesekolah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat efektifitas bimbingan kelompok dalam mengurangi perilaku bullying siswa. Jenis metodologi dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan teknik eksperimen, sampel penelitian berjumlah 12 orang peserta didik yang terdiri dari 4 orang peserta didik pelaku bullying dan 8 orang lagi yang terkena perilaku bulying di sekolah. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa terdapat efektifitas bimbingan kelompok dalam mengurangi perilaku bullying. Diharapkan kepada semua warga sekolah khususnya guru, pimpinan sekolah agar dapat lebih memberikan perhatian kepada semua peserta didik, khususnya yang mendapatkan perlakuan bullying dari temannya.
PENGISIAN AIRTANAH BUATAN (ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE) DALAM RANGKA MENGATASI BENCANA BANJIR LONGSOR DAN KETERSEDIAAN AIR TANAH DI KOTA PADANG
Authors: Edial Helfia 
Published: September 2019

Problem of flooding and landslides in Indonesia are already an issue ordinary and natural, is due to geological conditions, geomorphological and meteorological Indonesia is very appropriate, ditambahlagi with the increasing number of population so many changes in land use of natural land into land settlements and land courts work. As a result, the problem of floods and landslides remain overshadow our lives. Several methods of flood and landslide risk reduction that can be done is to increase the capacity of infiltration of rainwater into the ground, therefore naturally infiltration process is reduced, then the artificial infiltration also can be done by methods as follows; Methods of spreading water on the surface "Water spreading", include; Methods basin. "Basin Method), Method trenches "Furrow method", Method of natural channel "Natural channel method", Method immersion "Flooding method" , method of irrigation (irrigation method), method of replenishment of groundwater through pits, charging method of groundwater through wells injekasi, method "induced recharge". With this method, the risk of flooding and landslides will be reduced and even stopped with the help of other technical methods, in addition to the availability of the amount of groundwater can also be maintained.Keywords; Flood, Infiltration and Groundwater
Factores de riesgo y Diagnóstico de maloclusiones en niños de 5 a 11años
Authors: Díaz Pérez Darlen 
Published: September 2019

<p>A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in children aged 5-11 years old, to determine the behavior of malocclusions within this populace. The study population coincided with the sample, which consisted of patients who attended a consultation and were affected by malocclusion (185 patients). All of the participants who took part were informed of the study and gave their consent. Medical history was compiled for each individual patient, with the data being obtained through questioning and a clinical examination in the stomatology department white sitting in a dental chair, with artificial light and assisted by diagnostic tools. As summary measures, absolute numbers, percentages and indices were used. The information obtained was presented in tables with demographic variables; presence and type of malocclusion, as well as deforming oral habits. In our study the most significant malocclusion was the anterior open bite 31.9%. There was a predominance, mouth breathing 32.4% and tongue thrust 30.8% were the most significant disfiguring habits, with 7-9 years olds being the age group most affected.</p>
Estudio de la ficha dental en la Facultad Piloto de Odontología durante el periodo 2013
Authors: Martínez-Florencia Carlos G. , Benítez-Hoyos María E. , González-Benavides José M. 
Published: September 2019

<p style="text-align: justify;">La presente investigación tiene como propuesta implementar un método de identificación odontografica en medicina forense. Esto se justifica debido a la incertidumbre respecto a la magnitud de los daños sufridos y a la falta de información para identificar a seres humanos víctimas de desastres, vale resaltar la dificultad de aplicar medidas de emergencia inmediatas. Sin embargo, es necesario establecer urgentemente la coordinación a todos los niveles (local, regional, nacional. Aunque los planes de respuesta a catástrofes suelen prever mecanismos de coordinación, es posible que no se pongan en marcha inmediatamente después de la catástrofe y por lo general no están concebidos para el caso en cuestión. Al poner en práctica las primeras medidas de emergencia, es muy importante ocuparse con eficacia y a la mayor brevedad de la identificación de cadáveres. También hay que considerar que el único alivio para los familiares de un desaparecido reside en la confirmación creíble de su muerte y en el conocimiento de que los restos han sido o serán tratados con dignidad, Cada caso debería ser cuidadosamente considerado antes de emitir una conclusión de identificación para la presente desarrollo se consideraron: En la presente investigación se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal a través de encuestas a docente y estudiantes del último año de la carrera odontología de la Universidad de Guayaquil y médicos forenses. Orientado a determinar el diagnóstico acerca del nivel de conocimiento que tienen sobre el proceso de identificación humana en casos de desastres. </p>