bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RecO impedes RecG-SSB binding to impair the strand annealing recombination pathway inE.coli
Authors: Pan Xuefeng , Yang Li , Jiang Nan , Chen Xifang , Li Bo , Yan Xinsheng , Dou Yu , Ding Liang , Duan Fei 
Published: July 2019

AbstractFaithful duplication of genomic DNA relies not only on the fidelity of DNA replication itself, but also on fully functional DNA repair and homologous recombination machinery. We report a molecular mechanism responsible for deciding homologous recombinational repair pathways during replication dictated by binding of RecO and RecG to SSB inE.coli.Using a RecG-yfp fusion protein, we found that RecG-yfp foci appeared only in the ΔrecG, ΔrecO and ΔrecA, ΔrecO double mutants. Surprisingly, foci were not observed in wild-type ΔrecG, or double mutants whererecGand eitherrecFor, separatelyrecRwere deleted. In addition, formation of RecG-yfp foci in the ΔrecO::kanRrequired wildtypessb, asssb-113could not substitute. This suggests that RecG and RecO binding to SSB is competitive. We also found that the UV resistance ofrecO alone mutant increased to certain extent by supplementing RecG. In anssb-113mutant, RecO and RecG worked following a different pattern. Both RecO and RecG were able to participate in repairing UV damages when grown at permissive temperature, while they could also be involved in making DNA double strand breaks when grown at nonpermissive temperature. So, our results suggested that differential binding of RecG and RecO to SSB in a DNA replication fork inEscherichia coli.may be involved in determining whether the SDSA or DSBR pathway of homologous recombinational repair is used.Author summarySingle strand DNA binding proteins (SSB) stabilize DNA holoenzyme and prevent single strand DNA from folding into non-B DNA structures in a DNA replication fork. It has also been revealed that SSB can also act as a platform for some proteins working in DNA repair and recombination to access DNA molecules when DNA replication fork needs to be reestablished. InEscherichia coli, several proteins working primarily in DNA repair and recombination were found to participate in DNA replication fork resumption by physically interacting with SSB, including RecO and RecG etc. However the hierarchy of these proteins interacting with SSB inEscherichia colihas not been well defined. In this study, we demonstrated a differential binding of RecO and RecG to SSB in DNA replication was used to establish a RecO-dependent pathway of replication fork repair by abolishing a RecG-dependent replication fork repair. We also show that, RecG and RecO could randomly participate in DNA replication repair in the absence of a functional SSB, which may be responsible for the generation of DNA double strand breaks in anssb-113 mutant inEscherichia coli.
How well do crop modeling groups predict wheat phenology, given calibration data from the target population?
Authors: Wallach Daniel , Palosuo Taru , Thorburn Peter , Gourdain Emmanuelle , Asseng Senthold , Basso Bruno , Buis Samuel , Crout Neil , Dibari Camilla , Dumont Benjamin , Ferrise Roberto , Gaiser Thomas , Garcia Cécile , Gayler Sebastian , Ghahramani Afshin , Hochman Zvi , Hoek Steven , Horan Heidi , Hoogenboom Gerrit , Huang Mingxia , Jabloun Mohamed , Jing Qi , Justes Eric , Kersebaum Kurt Christian , Klosterhalfen Anne , Launay Marie , Luo Qunying , Maestrini Bernardo , Mielenz Henrike , Moriondo Marco , Nariman Zadeh Hasti , Olesen Jørgen Eivind , Poyda Arne , Priesack Eckart , Pullens Johannes Wilhelmus Maria , Qian Budong , Schütze Niels , Shelia Vakhtang , Souissi Amir , Specka Xenia , Srivastava Amit Kumar , Stella Tommaso , Streck Thilo , Trombi Giacomo , Wallor Evelyn , Wang Jing , Weber Tobias K.D. , Weihermüller Lutz , de Wit Allard , Wöhling Thomas , Xiao Liujun , Zhao Chuang , Zhu Yan , Seidel Sabine J. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTPredicting phenology is essential for adapting varieties to different environmental conditions and for crop management. Therefore, it is important to evaluate how well different crop modeling groups can predict phenology. Multiple evaluation studies have been previously published, but it is still difficult to generalize the findings from such studies since they often test some specific aspect of extrapolation to new conditions, or do not test on data that is truly independent of the data used for calibration. In this study, we analyzed the prediction of wheat phenology in Northern France under observed weather and current management, which is a problem of practical importance for wheat management. The results of 27 modeling groups are evaluated, where modeling group encompasses model structure, i.e. the model equations, the calibration method and the values of those parameters not affected by calibration. The data for calibration and evaluation are sampled from the same target population, thus extrapolation is limited. The calibration and evaluation data have neither year nor site in common, to guarantee rigorous evaluation of prediction for new weather and sites. The best modeling groups, and also the mean and median of the simulations, have a mean absolute error (MAE) of about 3 days, which is comparable to the measurement error. Almost all models do better than using average number of days or average sum of degree days to predict phenology. On the other hand, there are important differences between modeling groups, due to model structural differences and to differences between groups using the same model structure, which emphasizes that model structure alone does not completely determine prediction accuracy. In addition to providing information for our specific environments and varieties, these results are a useful contribution to a knowledge base of how well modeling groups can predict phenology, when provided with calibration data from the target population.
The assessment of food safety culture in small franchise restaurant in Poland
Authors: Wiśniewska Małgorzata , Czernyszewicz Eugenia , Kałuża Anna 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to measure and assess the level of food safety culture (FSC) in the restaurant operating in the SUBWAY franchise network.

Design/methodology/approach
The case study accompanied by the questionnaire built of 38 items grouped into five areas/sections: management style/food safety (FS) policy, leadership, communication, commitment and work environment.

Findings
The level of FSC is 3.83 on a 1–5 scale. It requires further improvement and taking greater care of FS. The work environment and management style/FS policy were assessed the highest, while leadership and communication the lowest. There is a need to increase the frequency of meetings that address the issue of FS, ensure a better atmosphere of mutual trust and sharing knowledge about potential problems. It is also necessary to appreciate FS initiatives as well as review the number and suitability of existing procedures.

Research limitations/implications
In further studies, the case study accompanied by a questionnaire could be supported by additional qualitative methods, e.g. interviews with employees, observations or mystery shopping.

Practical implications
The results may help managers to verify and improve the overall FS policy in the restaurant and to encourage ongoing assessment of FSC in other franchise network entities that will take into account the critical aspects of FSC indicated in the case study.

Originality/value
In the literature, the issue of the role and meaning as well as the assessment of FSC has been undertaken for many years; however, there are no papers considering small restaurants from Central Europe. This is also the first paper in Poland that addresses the aspect of FSC and its assessment.
Effects of context on the entrepreneurial intent of female students from the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Vracheva Veselina P. , Abu-Rahma Ali , Jacques Paul 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the extent to which contextual factors outlined in the theory of planned behavior (TPB) affect entrepreneurial intent (EI) of female students in the United Arab Emirates.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper presents a hierarchical regression analysis utilizing data from a university in the UAE.

Findings
The study indicates that prior and current family business exposure to entrepreneurship does not affect the EI of female students from the UAE. However, the family affects EI via the family norms. More exposure to business classes and the subjective norms from the university are not significant predictors of EI, and perceived behavioral control is the strongest contextual predictor of EI.

Research limitations/implications
The study was limited to the UAE and to a small sample of female students from a single university; therefore, the findings should be interpreted with caution.

Practical implications
The study points to opportunities within the university environment to design more robust curricula that offer female students opportunities to boost their confidence in the ability to start up and manage a business.

Originality/value
The paper is the first of its kind to apply the TPB to the context of female students from the UAE.
A coalition of the (un)willing?
Authors: Amodu Tola 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The Immigration Act (2014) at Part 3 established a new regime with private landlords incurring penalties (and potentially criminal liability from 1 November 2016) if they allow a person disqualified, by reason of migration status, to reside in a property as their only or main home. Known colloquially as the “right to rent”, the provisions restrict access to accommodation and impose onerous duties on landlords to check tenants’ migration status. The purpose of this paper is to consider how a change in the emphasis of regulation introduced by the provisions, resulted in the coalescence of opposition by landlords and renters in a way that historically would have been unthinkable.

Design/methodology/approach
Using the lens of Foucault’s governmentality, it is possible to see how Government sought to shift the locus of control from itself to the landlord, which through its legislative and policy stance resulted in such fierce opposition as evidenced by the first instance challenge to the provisions in R (Joint Council for the Welfare of Immigrants) v SS for the Home Department [2019] EWHC 452 (Admin).

Findings
The focus of regulation introduced by the provisions resulted in the coalescence of opposition by landlords and renters in a way that historically would have been unthinkable. Landlords and renters are usually thought of as being in opposition, but not so here. This may offer hope for more productive regulatory outcomes where both parties work together. It may also suggest that encroaching on the notion of private rights and interests in law could result in counterproductive consequences.

Research limitations/implications
Unlike Foucault’s notion of surveillance and control, governmentality shifts the emphasis from a hierarchical conception of government to practices including self (imposed) governance – with here, the landlord being required to act as a proxy for border agents. This suggests that there may exist boundaries beyond which, in a given context, it might be unwise for Government to step without adverse consequences. Foucault’s ideas provide a starting point, but do not give us all of the answers.

Practical implications
The coalescence of opposing actors can be a significant force to challenge government given the extent of their knowledge of the given context. It may also suggest a route to a more collaborative form of regulation.

Originality/value
A novel theoretical take on an issue of concern raised by practitioners and interest groups alike.
Phenotypic plasticity to drought in seedlings of the warm season grass Panicum coloratum is related to collection site
Authors: Giordano Mabel C. , Grimoldi Agustín A. , Tomás María A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPhenotypic plasticity is the ability of organisms to modify their phenotype in response to environmental changes. We estimated and compared the amount of phenotypic plasticity in response to drought in seedlings of different accessions of two varieties (var. makarikariense and var. coloratum) of Panicum coloratum, an allogamous warm season perennial grass, introduced and collected in sites in Argentina with different precipitation regimes. Amount of phenotypic plasticity was quantified in shoot/root biomass, blade/sheath biomass, specific leaf area and leaf area ratio (leaf area/total biomass) and mean phenotypic plasticity was estimated. The two genetically distinct varieties differed in the phenotypic plasticity of leaf area ratio (p = 0.008, F‐test), with var. makarikariense showing higher phenotypic plasticity. Accessions within varieties differed in phenotypic plasticity of leaf area ratio, specific leaf area, blade/sheath biomass and mean phenotypic plasticity (p < 0.05, F‐test). A strong relationship (r = 0.82, p < 0.01, F‐test) between mean phenotypic plasticity of each accession and precipitation variability was found. Relationships between phenotypic plasticity of blade/sheath biomass and leaf area ratio with annual mean precipitation were r = 0.86 and r = 0.75, respectively (p < 0.05; p < 0.01, F‐test, respectively). Evidence of a decoupling between phenotypic plasticity of above‐ versus belowground characters was apparent; outcomes on the interpretation of the variability in phenotypic plasticity and the potential applications of this variability are presented.
Transnational connections and anti‐colonial radicalism in the Royal Indian Navy mutiny, 1946
Authors: DAVIES ANDREW 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this article, I explore the spatial politics of the Royal Indian Navy mutiny of 1946 and call for a more maritime sense of ‘the political’. The RIN only existed from 1934 to 1950; it became the Indian Navy after independence. Its mutiny in 1946, which was caused by a number of grievances from anticolonial nationalism to more mundane challenges about the standard of food, continues to be the dominant event in this history. Leela Gandhi (2014) used the RIN mutiny to challenge the binary distinction between elite and subaltern in much Indian historiography by depicting it as an ‘anti‐colonial counterpublic’, or space in which discourses other than the dominant nationalist framings of independence were mobilized. She also regards the mutiny as a potential example of inconsequential ethics in which, instead of worrying about its causes, the mutiny can be read as an experimental space in which democratic politics occurred, rather than one in which people were striving for a ‘successful’ outcome. I argue that, while there is much to be admired in Gandhi's reading of these events, she discounts the maritime nature of the RIN mutiny. In other words, she fails to acknowledge that travelling to different international locations allowed the sailors to learn about democracy and other ideas, which in turn influenced their beliefs about what the future of India, and the RIN, should look like. As a result, I argue for the need to explore in greater depth the important connections that exist between anti‐colonialism, democratic politics and the naval/maritime experience.
Intention‐to‐treat assessment of glecaprevir + pibrentasvir combination therapy for patients with chronic hepatitis C in the real world
Authors: Tamori Akihiro , Inoue Kazuaki , Kagawa Tatehiro , Takaguchi Koichi , Nouso Kazuhiro , Iwasaki Yoshiaki , Minami Masahito , Hai Hoang , Enomoto Masaru , Kawada Norifumi 
Published: July 2019

AimsWe assessed the problems and efficacy of glecaprevir + pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB) therapy for patients infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the real world.MethodA total of 423 patients infected with HCV who started treatment at eight different centers in Japan were enrolled in the study. Glecaprevir (300 mg) and pibrentasvir (120 mg) were given once daily for 8 weeks to 246 non‐cirrhotic direct‐acting antiviral (DAA)‐naive patients with HCV genotype (GT)‐1 or ‐2, and for 12 weeks to patients who: were DAA‐naive cirrhotic (n = 55), had experienced DAA failure (n = 78), were cirrhotic and had DAA failure (n = 37), and were other GT‐1/2 (n = 7). Anti‐HCV efficacy was defined as a sustained virologic response 12 weeks post‐treatment (SVR12). The evaluation was undertaken in an intention‐to‐treat (ITT) population and in patients who were assessed at SVR12 (modified ITT population).ResultsIn the ITT population, 220 (89%) patients on the 8‐week regimen and 164 (93%) patients on the 12‐week regimen achieved SVR12. The 30 dropout patients were predominantly men and with GT‐2. All other DAA‐naive GT‐1 patients achieved SVR12. The 12‐week regimen resulted in 100% SVR12 in 41 GT‐2 patients. Nine patients did not achieve SVR12: two DAA naive with GT‐2a, two GT‐3b patients, two GT‐1 patients with discontinuation, and three other GT‐1 patients with a history of DAA failure. Four of seven patients who discontinued treatment due to severe adverse effects were more than 75 years old.ConclusionsGlecaprevir + pibrentasvir had a remarkable anti‐HCV effect in GT‐1 and GT‐2 patients, but not in GT‐3b patients. Although this therapy was reasonably safe, it is necessary to carefully consider elderly and dropout patients.
Effects of beta‐hydroxy‐beta‐methylbutyrate supplementation on skeletal muscle in healthy and cirrhotic rats
Authors: Holeček Milan , Vodeničarovová Melita 
Published: July 2019

SummaryBeta‐hydroxy‐beta‐methylbutyrate (HMB) is a leucine metabolite with protein anabolic effects. We examined the effects of an HMB‐enriched diet in healthy rats and rats with liver cirrhosis induced by multiple doses of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). HMB increased branched‐chain amino acids (BCAAs; valine, leucine and isoleucine) in blood and BCAA and ATP in muscles of healthy animals. The effect on muscle mass and protein content was insignificant. In CCl4‐treated animals alterations characteristic of liver cirrhosis were found with decreased ratio of the BCAA to aromatic amino acids in blood and lower muscle mass and ATP content when compared with controls. In CCl4‐treated animals consuming HMB, we observed higher mortality, lower body weight, higher BCAA levels in blood plasma, higher ATP content in muscles, and lower ATP content and higher cathepsin B and L activities in the liver when compared with CCl4‐treated animals without HMB. We conclude that (1) HMB supplementation has a positive effect on muscle mitochondrial function and enhances BCAA concentrations in healthy animals and (2) the effects of HMB on the course of liver cirrhosis in CCl4‐treated rats are detrimental. Further studies examining the effects of HMB in other models of hepatic injury are needed to determine pros and cons of HMB in the treatment of subjects with liver cirrhosis.
Impact of natural curcumin on the progression of experimental periodontitis in diabetic rats
Authors: Pimentel Suzana P. , Casati Marcio Z. , Ribeiro Fernanda V. , Corrêa Monica Grazieli , Franck Felipe C. , Benatti Bruno B. , Cirano Fabiano R. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the role of natural curcumin (CURC) on experimental periodontitis (EP) in animals with diabetes mellitus (DM).Material and MethodsOne hundred rats were assigned to DM + placebo (PLA); DM + CURC; DM + insulin (INS); DM + CURC + INS; and Non‐DM. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin. After 3 days, they were initiated CURC and PLAC solutions and insulin administrations, daily for 30 days. This included a period of 19 days prior to EP induction (ligature at the first mandibular and the second maxillary molar) and then additional 11 days. Specimens from the mandible were processed for morphometric examination of bone level. Gingival tissues from mandibular molars were collected for quantification of IL‐1β, IL‐4, IL‐6, IL‐17, IFN‐γ, and TNF‐α using a Luminex/MAGpix assay. Gingivae from maxillary molars were subjected to RT‐PCR for assessment of Runx2, RANKL, OPG, SIRT, Dkk1, and Sost levels.ResultsLower linear bone loss was detected in ligated molars of DM + CURC + INS vs DM + PLAC and DM + INS groups (P < 0.05). In ligated sites from DM rats treated with CURC + INS, IL‐6, IL‐1β, INF‐γ, and TNF‐α levels were the lowest in comparison with PLAC and/or INS and CURC as monotherapies (P < 0.05). CURC, independently of INS, increased Runx2 and SIRT when compared to DM + PLAC (P < 0.05) in ligated sites, whereas only CURC + INS reduced the RANKL/OPG ratio when compared to DM + PLAC (P < 0.05).ConclusionNatural CURC, when associated with INS, reduces the DM‐induced loss of supporting alveolar bone and promotes favorable modulation on osteo‐immune‐inflammatory mediators.
Effect of extrusion conditions on the physical properties of desi chickpea‐barley extrudates and quality attributes of their resulting flours
Authors: Guldiken Burcu , Yovchev Aleksandar , Nosworthy Matthew G. , Stone Andrea K. , House James D. , Hood‐Niefer Shannon , Nickerson Michael T. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this study, response surface methodology (RSM) was used to evaluate the effect of extrusion conditions on physical properties of chickpea:barley extrudates (60:40), and the resulting protein quality of their flours. Barrel temperature (150–170°C) and moisture content (16–20%) were chosen as independent variables to generate a central composite design. Hardness, expansion index, bulk density, and protein quality were analyzed as responses parameters. Expansion was found to be higher at lower temperatures and higher moisture for the 60:40 chickpea:barley blend; bulk density became reduced with increased moisture; and hardness was found to increase at higher temperatures and lower moistures. The protein quality of their resulting flours was found to be greater at moisture contents higher than 16%. The composition, protein quality, and functional attributes were also examined for raw and precooked flours of chickpea, barley, and their blend at the center point of the RSM design (18% moisture, 160°C). Extrusion also leads to improved water hydration capacities and reduced viscosities for precooked individual and blended flours relative to the raw. Moreover, extrusion also led to improved protein quality in the chickpea and chickpea‐barley blend, but not the individual barley flour.
Regulation of toxic shock syndrome toxin‐1 by the accessory gene regulator in Staphylococcus aureus is mediated by the repressor of toxins
Authors: Tuffs Stephen W. , Herfst Christine A. , Baroja Miren L. , Podskalniy Vladyslav A. , DeJong Erica N. , Coleman Charlotte E. M. , McCormick John K. 
Published: July 2019

SummaryToxic shock syndrome toxin‐1 (TSST‐1) is a superantigen (SAg) produced by Staphylococcus aureus thought to be responsible for essentially all cases of menstrual‐associated toxic shock syndrome (TSS). As a potent exotoxin, it is not surprising that S. aureus has evolved multiple systems to control expression of TSST‐1. Although the accessory gene regulator (Agr) system is recognized to enhance TSST‐1 expression, how Agr regulates TSST‐1 is unclear. Using an agr‐null mutant, complementation experiments demonstrated that Agr controls TSST‐1 expression through the activity of the RNAIII effector molecule. RNAIII can repress translation of the repressor of toxins (Rot) regulator, and deletion of rot increased expression of TSST‐1 during the exponential phase of growth. Deletion of agr did not affect rot transcription, but did result in overexpression of the Rot protein, and Rot was also shown to bind and positively regulate the rot promoter. Overexpression of Rot dramatically repressed TSST‐1, and Rot bound directly to the TSST‐1 promoter. Deletion of both agr and rot in S. aureus returned TSST‐1 expression to wild‐type levels. This work demonstrates that Agr, although widely considered to be an inducer of TSST‐1, has evolved in combination with Rot, to restrict the expression of this potent SAg.