bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Different levels of selenomethionine on the meat quality and selenium deposition in tissue of finishing pigs
Authors: Silva Vanessa Avelar , Bertechini Antônio Gilberto , Clemente Alisson Hélio Sampaio , de Freitas Luis Filipe Villas Boas , Nogueira Bernardo Rocha Franco , de Oliveira Barbara Lopes , Ramos Alcinéia de Lemos Souza 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe aim of the study was to verify the influence of selenomethionine (SM) supplementation on performance, carcass yield, characteristics of meat quality and Se tissue deposition of finishing pigs. A total of 128 hybrid pigs with an average weight of 76 kg were distributed in randomized blocks according to body weight in eight treatments and eight replicates. The experimental treatments were two Se levels from sodium selenite‐SS (0.3 and 0.6 ppm), four Se levels from SM (0.3, 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6 ppm) and two combinations of SS with SM (SS 0.15 + SM 0.15 ppm and SS 0.3 + SM 0.3 ppm) providing 0.3 and 0.6 ppm Se in the diet respectively. The feeds were based on corn and soya bean meal. After 30 days on test, were analysed the performance indices and the pigs were slaughtered at commercial slaughterhouse. The cold carcass yield, the physicochemical characteristics of the loin meat and the Se content in muscle and liver were evaluated. There was no significant difference in performance indices (p > .05); however, there was a linear effect on the increase in pig carcass yield by increasing SM (p < .05). The use of SM solely or combined with SS provided higher Se deposition in muscle compared to SS (p < .05). The highest Se deposition in muscle occurred for SM at 0.4 ppm (p < .05). The SS provided higher Se deposition in liver (p < .05). The SM presented best results for meat quality compared to other sources (p < .05). The level of 0.4 ppm Se promoted the best results for the indices of yellow, luminosity, cooking loss and pH (p < .05). The use of SM at any level promotes higher oxidation stability of pig meat (p < .05). The supplementation of SM at a level of 0.4 ppm promotes better physicochemical characteristics and higher Se deposition on swine meat.
The effect of fructose supplementation on feed intake, nutrient digestibility and digesta retention time in Reeves’s muntjac (Muntiacus reevesi)
Authors: Przybyło Marcin , Clauss Marcus , Ortmann Sylvia , Kowalski Zygmunt M. , Górka Paweł 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe aim of the study was to determine the effect of fructose supplementation in the diet on feed intake, nutrient digestibility and digesta retention time in Reeves's muntjac (Muntiacus reevesi), a browsing cervid. In Experiment 1, six adult males of Reeves's muntjac were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design and fed a diet consisting of dehydrated chopped lucerne (ad libitum), high‐fibre pellet (120 g/day) and wheat bran (30 g/day) without (F0) or with addition of 12 and 24 g fructose/day (F12 and F24, respectively). In Experiment 2, the same six adult muntjacs were used in crossover design and fed F0 or F12. Doses of supplemental fructose were set to increase intake of water‐soluble carbohydrates (WSC; ≈40 g/day; ≈8% of WSC in consumed dry matter [DM]) by 25 and 50% relative to F0. Feed intake was controlled daily (Experiment 1 and 2) and total tract digestibility and digesta retention time were determined (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, DM intake of chopped dehydrated lucerne decreased with fructose supplementation (F0 vs. F12 and F24; p = .01) but was not different between F12 and F24 (p = .76). Total DM intake was also not different between treatments (p ≥ .13). In Experiment 2, DM intake of lucerne, total DM intake and nutrient digestibility was not affected by fructose supplementation (p ≥ .17), but mean retention time of long particles in the whole GIT tended to be longer for F12 compared to F0 (p = .09). Under conditions of the current study, additional fructose intake (resulting in a range of WSC content in consumed DM from 8.6% to 13%) had only minor impact on feed intake and investigated functions of the gastrointestinal tract of Reeves's muntjac.
Evaluation of a Chinese herbal supplement on equine squamous gastric disease and gastric fluid pH in mares
Authors: Munsterman Amelia S. , Dias Moreira Ana Sofia , Marqués Fernando J. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundWei Le San (WLS) is a Chinese herbal formula comprised of 9 herbs selected for their putative anti‐inflammatory effects.ObjectivesTo evaluate the effects of WLS administration in horses with nonglandular gastric ulcers.AnimalsTen mixed breed mares (aged 7‐21 years, 401‐567 kg body weight).MethodsExperimental design was a blinded, prospective, 2‐period crossover study. All horses received a placebo (25 mL dextrose‐based syrup; n = 10) and the treatment (WLS, 5 g in 25 mL dextrose‐based syrup; n = 10), administered twice daily. Horses underwent a 1‐week, alternating feed‐deprivation period to induce or worsen existing ulcers; treatment began on day 7. Gastroscopic examination was performed on d0, d6, and d35, with gastric fluid pH obtained on d6 and d35. Gastric ulcer scores assigned by 3 masked observers were averaged for each examination.ResultsUlcer number scores for horses treated with WLS (median = 0; range, 0‐4) was not different from the untreated controls (median = 0.5; range, 0‐4;P= .81) by the end of the treatment period. Ulcer severity score for treated horses (median = 0; range, 0‐1) was also unchanged compared to the control group (median = 0.5; range, 0‐1;P= .85). Gastric pH was not altered by either treatment, with a median of 2.1 (range, 1.9‐4.1) for the horses treated with WLS and 2.8 (range, 1.6‐7.2) in the untreated controls (P= .46).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThe experimental model used to induce gastric ulceration was unable to discern a difference between the herbal supplement and the placebo in normal horses.
Why Does Credit Growth Crowd Out Real Economic Growth?
Authors: Cecchetti Stephen G. , Kharroubi Enisse 
Published: August 2019

We examine the negative relationship between the rate of growth in credit and the rate of growth in output per worker. Using a panel of 20 countries over 25 years, we establish that there is a robust correlation: the higher the growth rate of credit, the lower the growth rate of output per worker. We then proceed to build a model in which this relationship arises from the fact that investment projects that are more risky have a higher return. As their borrowing grows more quickly over time, entrepreneurs turn to safer; hence, lower return projects, thereby reducing aggregate productivity growth. We take this theoretical prediction to industry‐level data and find that credit growth disproportionately harms output per worker growth in industries that have either less tangible assets or are more R&D intensive.
Heme acquisition by Shu1 requires Nbr1 and proteins of the ESCRT complex in Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Authors: Mourer Thierry , Brault Ariane , Labbé Simon 
Published: August 2019

SummaryAssimilation of heme is mediated by the cell surface protein Shu1 in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Shu1 undergoes internalization from the cell surface to the vacuole in response to high concentrations of hemin. Here, we have identified cellular components that are involved in mediating vacuolar targeting of Shu1. Cells deficient in heme biosynthesis and lacking the polyubiquitin gene ubi4+ exhibit poor growth in the presence of exogenous hemin as a sole source of heme. Microscopic analyses of hem1Δ shu1Δ ubi4Δ cells expressing a functional HA4‐tagged Shu1 show that Shu1 localizes to the cell surface. Ubiquitinated Nbr1 functions as a receptor for the endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT) that delivers cargos to the vacuole. Inactivation of nbr1+, ESCRT‐0 hse1+ or ESCRT‐I sst6+ results in hem1Δ cells being unable to use exogenous hemin for the growth. Using lysate preparations from hemin‐treated cells, Shu1‐Nbr1 and Shu1‐Hse1 complexes are detected by coimmunoprecipitation experiments. Further analysis by immunofluorescence microscopy shows that Shu1 is unable to reach vacuoles of hemin‐treated cells harboring a deletion for one of the following genes: ubi4+, nbr1+, hse1+ and sst6+. Together, these results reveal that hemin‐mediated vacuolar targeting of Shu1 requires Ubi4‐dependent ubiquitination, the receptor Nbr1 and the ESCRT proteins Hse1 and Sst6.
Peroxisomes: versatile organelles with diverse roles in plants
Authors: Pan Ronghui , Liu Jun , Wang Saisai , Hu Jianping 
Published: August 2019

SummaryPeroxisomes are small, ubiquitous organelles that are delimited by a single membrane and lack genetic material. However, these simple‐structured organelles are highly versatile in morphology, abundance and protein content in response to various developmental and environmental cues. In plants, peroxisomes are essential for growth and development and perform diverse metabolic functions, many of which are carried out coordinately by peroxisomes and other organelles physically interacting with peroxisomes. Recent studies have added greatly to our knowledge of peroxisomes, addressing areas such as the diverse proteome, regulation of division and protein import, pexophagy, matrix protein degradation, solute transport, signaling, redox homeostasis and various metabolic and physiological functions. This review summarizes our current understanding of plant peroxisomes, focusing on recent discoveries. Current problems and future efforts required to better understand these organelles are also discussed. An improved understanding of peroxisomes will be important not only to the understanding of eukaryotic cell biology and metabolism, but also to agricultural efforts aimed at improving crop performance and defense.
Fellowship of the rings: a saga of strigolactones and other small signals
Authors: Machin Darren C. , Hamon‐Josse Maxime , Bennett Tom 
Published: August 2019

SummaryStrigolactones are an important class of plant signalling molecule with both external rhizospheric and internal hormonal functions in flowering plants. The past decade has seen staggering progress in strigolactone biology, permitting highly detailed understanding of their signalling, synthesis and biological roles – or so it seems. However, phylogenetic analyses show that strigolactone signalling mediated by the D14‐SCFMAX2‐SMXL7 complex is only one of a number of closely related signalling pathways, and is much less ubiquitous in land plants than might be expected. The existence of closely related pathways, such as the KAI2‐SMAX1 module, challenges many of our assumptions about strigolactones, and in particular emphasises how little we understand about the specificity of strigolactone signalling with respect to related signalling pathways. In this review, we examine recent advances in strigolactone signalling, taking a holistic evolutionary view to identify the ambiguities and uncertainties in our understanding. We highlight that while we now have highly detailed molecular models for the core mechanism of D14‐SMXL7 signalling, we still do not understand the ligand specificity of D14, the specificity of its interaction with SMXL7, nor the specificity of SMXL7 function. Our analysis therefore identifies key areas requiring further study.
Parents know it best: Prediction of asthma and lung function by parental perception of early wheezing episodes
Authors: Brick Tabea , Hose Alexander , Wawretzka Katharina , von Mutius Erika , Roduit Caroline , Lauener Roger , Riedler Josef , Karvonen Anne M. , Pekkanen Juha , Divaret‐Chauveau Amandine , Dalphin Jean‐Charles , Ege Markus J. ,   the PASTURE study group
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundChildhood asthma is often preceded by early wheeze. Usually, wheezing episodes are recorded retrospectively, which may induce recall bias.Aims and objectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate true‐positive recall of parent‐reported wheeze at 1 year of age, its determinants, and its implications for asthma and lung function at 6 years of age.MethodsThe PASTURE (Protection Against Allergy—Study in Rural Environments) study followed 880 children from rural areas in 5 European countries from birth to age 6 years. Wheeze symptoms in the first year were asked weekly. At age 6, parent‐reported asthma diagnosis was ascertained and lung function measurements were conducted. Correct parental recall of wheeze episodes at the end of the first year was assessed for associations with lung function, asthma, and the asthma risk locus on chromosome 17q21.ResultsParents correctly recalled wheeze after the first year in 54% of wheezers. This true‐positive recall was determined by number of episodes, timing of the last wheeze episode, and parental asthma. Independently from these determinants, true‐positive recall predicted asthma at age 6 years (odds ratio 4.54, 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.75‐14.16]) and impaired lung function (β = −0.62, 95% CI [−1.12; −0.13], P‐value = .02). Associations were stronger in children with asthma risk SNPs on chromosome 17q21.ConclusionCorrect parental recall of wheezing episodes may reflect clinical relevance of early wheeze and its impact on subsequent asthma and lung function impairment. Questions tailored to parental perception of wheezing episodes may further enhance asthma prediction.
Mapping and analysis of QTLs related to seed length and seed width in Glycine max
Authors: Gao Huihui , Gu Yue , Jiang Hongwei , Li Yingying , Xin Dawei , Liu Chunyan , Zhu Rongsheng , Qi Zhaoming , Zhang Yong , Li Candong , Wang Jinxing , Hu Zhenbang , Wu Xiaoxia , Chen Qingshan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBoth seed length and seed width are important traits for soybean yield. In the present study, 89 Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) of seed length and 65 QTLs of seed width were collected from published papers and our study. QTLs in this study were evaluated by the soymap2, then totally 23 consensus QTLs were located on 17 linkage groups (LGs) through the meta‐analysis. The minimum confidence interval was 0.28 cM and the mean phenotypic variance (R2) was ranged from 5.33% to 23.36%. To optimize these QTLs based on statistic analysis, overview method was further used to narrow down CI, the number of QTLs was narrowed down to 84. Furthermore, 2,750 candidate genes were screened from the consensus QTL intervals by informatics, a total of 37 genes were found to be associated with seed size. All results could lay a foundation for MAS (Molecular Assisted Selection) and gene cloning.
Successful extracorporeal membrane oxygenation transport of a 4‐month‐old brain‐dead infant for organ donation: A case report
Authors: Leblanc Claire , Genuini Mathieu , Deho Anna , Lodé Noëlla , Philippe‐Chomette Pascale , Hervieux Erik , Amblard Alain , Pracros Nancy , Léger Pierre‐Louis , Jean Sandrine 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA 4‐month‐old infant was declared brain‐dead 2 days after being initiated on venoarterial ECMO for a refractory septic shock. All brain death diagnostic criteria were fulfilled according to French law, and parental consent was given for organ donation. The hospital where ECMO was initiated had no authorization for organ procurement, and the donor was then transferred to the local referral center for child organ recovery with our mobile ECMO team to maintain organ perfusion. The kidneys were recovered and successfully transplanted to a child who is now well and alive. Although the transport elements of this case report are of limited relevance to an international audience as no other country, to our knowledge, has this particular organization, it does show excellent collaboration between teams to realize the goal of organ donation for this family. This is the first case describing a successful inter‐hospital transport for organ procurement of a brain‐dead infant on ECMO. Brain‐dead pediatric patients undergoing ECMO can be considered as potential organ donors to expand the donor pool.
Integrin heterodimer α9β1 is localized on the surface of porcine spermatogonial stem cells in the undifferentiated state
Authors: Park Min Hee , Yun Jung Im , Lee Eunsong , Lee Seung Tae 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA previous study found that undifferentiated porcine spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) did not adhere to tenascin C, indicating that the integrin α9 and β1 subunits are inactive on the surface of porcine SSCs. However, that study used recombinant tenascin C without FNIII‐like repeats. Therefore, this study re‐evaluated the existence of integrin α9β1 actively functioning on the plasma membrane of porcine SSCs using full‐length native tenascin C with FNIII‐like repeats. The localization and function of the integrin heterodimer were confirmed using immunocytochemistry, attachment and antibody inhibition assays. In undifferentiated porcine SSCs with integrin α9β1 on the cell surface, adhesion to native tenascin C was significantly higher compared with cells lacking native tenascin C and functional blocking of integrin α9β1 significantly inhibited the attachment to native tenascin C compared with no functional blocking. Accordingly, we confirmed that the integrin α9 and β1 subunits function as an active heterodimer on the surface of porcine SSCs in the undifferentiated state.
Evaluating and Visualizing the Economic Impact of Commercial Districts Due to an Electric Power Network Disruption
Authors: Garcia Tapia Andrea , Suarez Mildred , Ramirez‐Marquez Jose E. , Barker Kash 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCritical infrastructure networks enable social behavior, economic productivity, and the way of life of communities. Disruptions to these cyber–physical–social networks highlight their importance. Recent disruptions caused by natural phenomena, including Hurricanes Harvey and Irma in 2017, have particularly demonstrated the importance of functioning electric power networks. Assessing the economic impact (EI) of electricity outages after a service disruption is a challenging task, particularly when interruption costs vary by the type of electric power use (e.g., residential, commercial, industrial). In contrast with most of the literature, this work proposes an approach to spatially evaluate EIs of disruptions to particular components of the electric power network, thus enabling resilience‐based preparedness planning from economic and community perspectives. Our contribution is a mix‐method approach that combines EI evaluation, component importance analysis, and GIS visualization for decision making.We integrate geographic information systems and an economic evaluation of sporadic electric power outages to provide a tool to assist with prioritizing restoration of power in commercial areas that have the largest impact. By making use of public data describing commercial market value, gross domestic product, and electric area distribution, this article proposes a method to evaluate the EI experienced by commercial districts. A geospatial visualization is presented to observe and compare the areas that are more vulnerable in terms of EI based on the areas covered by each distribution substation. Additionally, a heat map is developed to observe the behavior of disrupted substations to determine the important component exhibiting the highest EI. The proposed resilience analytics approach is applied to analyze outages of substations in the boroughs of New York City.
The correlates of international financial‐center status
Authors: Eichengreen Barry , Shah Nachiket 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe consider the correlates of international financial‐center status. Our estimates point to the flexibility, transparency, and stability of the economic and social environment as determinants of financial center‐status. They point also to roles for monetary and financial stability, financial openness, financial scale and development, technology and size of government. We draw out the implications of this analysis for the future prospects of actual and aspiring international financial centers such as London, New York, and Shanghai.
Counteracting Unemployment in Crises: Non‐Linear Effects of Short‐Time Work Policy*
Authors: Gehrke Britta , Hochmuth Brigitte 
Published: August 2019

AbstractShort‐time work (STW) is a labor‐market policy that subsidizes working‐time reductions among firms in financial difficulty to prevent lay‐offs. Many OECD countries have used this policy in the Great Recession. In this paper, we show that the effects of STW are strongly time‐dependent and non‐linear over the business cycle. Discretionary STW policy might save up to 0.87 jobs per short‐time worker in deep economic crises. In expansions, the effects are smaller and might turn negative. We disentangle discretionary STW from automatic stabilization in German data using smooth‐transition vector autoregressions.
Use of the Columbia‐Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C‐SSRS) in a large sample of Veterans receiving mental health services in the Veterans Health Administration
Authors: Katz Ira , Barry Catherine N. , Cooper Samantha A. , Kasprow Wesley J. , Hoff Rani A. 
Published: August 2019

ObjectiveTo evaluate the associations of self‐reports of suicidal ideation and behavior using the Columbia‐Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C‐SSRS) in a survey of patients receiving mental health services in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) with reports of attempts documented in medical records and administrative data.MethodThe C‐SSRS was administered to 15,373 Veterans in the Veterans Outcome Assessment (VOA) survey. Concurrent validity was evaluated by comparing self‐reports from the past 3 months with VHA records. Predictive validity was evaluated by logistic regression models using attempts over the subsequent 3 months as the outcome.ResultsTests of concurrent validity found strong associations between self‐reports and attempts documented in VHA records, but there were substantial numbers of discordant responses. In tests of predictive validity, area under the ROC curve for predicting future attempts was >0.8. There were differences in the distribution of responses and of psychometric properties across VHA mental health programs.ConclusionsFindings support the value of screening and the validity of the self‐reports based on the C‐SSRS, but limitations in concordance with medical records and variability across programs suggest the need for clinical judgment in interpreting responses.