bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“If I had been given that information back then”: An interpretive description exploring the information needs of adults with cerebral palsy looking back on their transition to adulthood
Authors: Freeman M. , Stewart D. , Cunningham C. E. , Gorter J. W. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundYoung people with cerebral palsy (CP) and their families have identified lack of information received during the transition to adulthood as a barrier to successful outcomes. To date, few studies have explored the information needs, preferences, timing, and method of provision from the perspective of individuals with CP.MethodThe methodological approach to this qualitative study was interpretive description. Nine adults living with CP, between the ages of 20 and 40, were purposively recruited in Ontario, Canada, to explore, retrospectively, their information needs during the transition to adulthood. Participants completed a 1‐hour interview that explored their experiences seeking and receiving information. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, and data were analysed to create a thematic description of adults' experiences with information.ResultsThree themes emerged: (a) “Recognizing and supporting information needs,” which highlighted the importance of support systems to assist young people in receiving and seeking information throughout the transition; (b) “Getting creative,” which highlighted strategies young people use when confronted with environmental barriers when seeking information; and (c) “Gaps and advice for the future,” which highlighted the need for real‐life opportunities, during the transition to adulthood, to experience some of the responsibilities of adult life.ConclusionClinicians assisting young people with CP need purposefully to foster knowledge and skills during the transition to adulthood. They should be not only providers of information but also enablers of opportunities for immersion in real‐life experiences to prepare for adult life. It is important for young people to have the opportunity to discuss challenges and exchange information with their peers.
Consistency of novel ultrasound equations for estimating percent intramuscular fat
Authors: Burton Adam M. , Stock Matt S. 
Published: June 2018

SummaryIntroductionEcho intensity reflects both intramuscular adiposity and fibrous tissue content. Recently, equations that allow investigators to estimate the percentage of intramuscular fat for individual muscles via measurements of echo intensity and subcutaneous fat were created. However, as the trial‐to‐trial consistency of these values has not been reported in the literature, it is unclear if they can be used to track changes during physical activity and/or nutritional interventions. The purpose of this study was to examine the test‐retest reliability of rectus femoris percent intramuscular fat.MethodsNineteen healthy adults (mean ± SD age = 22 ± 3 year; ten females, nine males) with a body mass index ≤ 30 kg/m2 participated. On three occasions, B‐mode ultrasonography was used to acquire panoramic images of the dominant rectus femoris in the transverse plane. ImageJ software was used to quantify echo intensity, subcutaneous fat thickness and cross‐sectional area. Rectus femoris percent intramuscular fat was estimated with sex‐specific equations.ResultsUncorrected and corrected echo intensity, subcutaneous fat and cross‐sectional area exhibited excellent consistency (P > 0·05, intraclass correlation coefficients [ICCs] ≥ .900, standard errors of measurement [SEMs] ≤ 7·26%). Percent intramuscular fat for all participants also demonstrated satisfactory reliability (ICC = 0·980, SEM = 3·07%), with similar findings for males (ICC = 0·970, SEM = 3·63%) and females (ICC = 0·968, SEM = 1·41%).DiscussionThe high ICCs and low SEMs suggest that ultrasonography‐derived rectus femoris percent fat may be a reliable tool for tracking changes in lower extremity intramuscular adiposity.
Development of a cost‐optimization model to reduce bottlenecks: A health service case study
Authors: Lau Henry , Dadich Ann , Nakandala Dilupa , Evans Huntley , Zhao Li 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWith the increasing use of emergency departments, many public hospitals experience bottlenecks that hinder patient flow within the health system. Mitigating bottlenecks can enhance workflow efficiency and reduce patient wait‐time. Yet given the complexity of health services, current techniques have a limited capacity to address this issue. This article introduces an innovative generic cost‐optimization model based on genetic algorithm to alleviate bottlenecks without the need for complex mathematical analysis. A case study is presented to validate its feasibility, demonstrating an evidence‐based, pragmatic way to alleviate bottlenecks that practitioners can readily implement.
A comparison analysis for credit scoring using bagging ensembles
Authors: Luo Cuicui 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn this paper, we present a hybrid approach for credit scoring, and the classification performance of this approach is compared with 4 base learners in machine learning. A large credit default swap dataset covering the period from 2006 to 2016 is used to build classifiers and test their performances. The results from this empirical study indicate that the bagging ensemble method can substantially improve individual base learners such as decision tree, multilayer perceptron, and k‐nearest neighbours. The performance of support vector machine does not change after applying bagging ensemble. The overall results demonstrate that k‐nearest neighbour is more suitable than any other method when dealing with large unbalanced datasets in credit scoring.
The effects of task‐essential training on L2 processing strategies and the development of Spanish verbal morphology
Authors: Dracos Melisa , Henry Nick 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe acquisition of verbal morphology presents challenges for many second language (L2) learners, in part because they do not readily process those forms during sentence comprehension. Instead, L2 learners rely on lexical‐semantic cues (e.g., temporal adverbs and explicit subjects). This study investigated the role of task‐essential training in changing learners’ processing tendencies and tested whether such changes were related to increased performance with the L2 Spanish present, preterite, and future tenses and first‐ and third‐person morphology. The experiment compared a no‐training control group to three groups of learners who completed a multisession task‐essential training following the principles of structured input (SI). Groups varied in the type of feedback they received. Results of a cue‐reliance assessment indicated that each SI group relied significantly more on verbal inflections after training while the control group did not. Furthermore, the extent to which groups relied on verbal inflections on posttest measures correlated moderately to strongly with performance on interpretation and written production measures. Implications are discussed for input processing, learned attention, and pedagogy, in particular the impact of feedback on cue reliance and learning outcomes.
Epidemiology of Kaposi sarcoma: review and description of the nonepidemic variant
Authors: Vangipuram Ramya , Tyring Stephen K. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractKaposi sarcoma (KS) is a rare angioproliferative tumor whose etiology is associated with human herpesvirus 8 (HHV 8). KS lesions typically involve the skin or mucosal surfaces and are characterized by purplish, red‐blue, or brown‐black macules, papules, and nodules which are prone to bleeding and ulceration. Definitive diagnosis requires biopsy revealing characteristic angioproliferative features. There are four widely recognized types of KS, which are histologically indistinguishable but differ in epidemiology and prognosis. These include classic, endemic, iatrogenic, and epidemic. KS has been increasingly recognized in a new subgroup of patients: men who have sex with men (MSM) but who are HIV‐seronegative human immuodeficiency virus‐seronegative and have no identifiable immunodeficiency. This fifth variant of KS, termed nonepidemic KS, resembles classic KS in presentation and prognosis. In this literature review, we report the characteristics of nonepidemic KS based on all published cases and highlight the need for clinicians to recognize this new clinical variant.
The role of care coordination and out‐of‐home placement in youth dental and vision care visits
Authors: Lee Bethany R. , Cosgrove John A. 
Published: June 2018

Care coordination has been proposed as an approach to promote access to services for youth with complex health and mental health needs. Youth with behavioral health needs are at increased risk of out‐of‐home placement, an experience which may also impact service utilization. Using a sample of administrative and public health insurance record data for youth with mental health needs, we assessed the relationships between care coordination and out‐of‐home placement on service utilization of dental and vision care. Findings suggest that placement is significantly associated with increased likelihood of accessing dental and vision care. The onset of care coordination is associated with a small but significant increase in vision care use. Regulatory and policy directives for out‐of‐home care providers in the USA may be facilitating access to dental and vision care services for youth in placement.Key Practitioner Message: • Youth in placement were more likely to have dental and vision care visits; • Onset of care coordination was not associated with increased dental and vision care.
RNA interference validation of detoxification genes involved in ivermectin tolerance in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Kim J.H. , Moreau J.A. , Ali Y. , Razo P. , Hong K. B. , Yoon K.S. , Clark J.M. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPreviously, we observed increased transcription levels of specific cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450) and adenosine triphosphate binding cassette (ABC) transporter genes in human body lice, Pediculus humanus humanus, following exposure to ivermectin using the non‐invasive induction assay, which resulted in tolerance. To confirm the roles of these genes in induction and tolerance, the robust genetic model insect Drosophila melanogaster was chosen. Orthologous genes corresponding to the body louse P450 (Cyp9f2, Cyp6g2 and Cyp9h1) and ABC transporter (Mrp1, GC1824 as an ABCB type and CG3327 as an ABCG type) genes were selected for in vivo bioassay. Following a brief treatment with a sublethal dose of ivermectin, the mortality response was significantly slower, indicating the presence of tolerance. Concurrently, the transcription levels of Cyp9f2 and Mrp1 at 3 h and those of Cyp6g2, Cyp9h1, Mrp1, CG1824 and CG3327 at 6 h post‐treatment were upregulated, indicating gene induction. In behavioural bioassay using GAL4/UAS–RNA interference transgenic fly lines, increased susceptibility to ivermectin was observed following heat shock in the Cyp9f2 , Cyp6g2 , Cyp9h1 , Mrp1 or CG3327‐knockdown flies. Considering that these five genes are orthologous to those which had the largest over‐expression level following ivermectin‐induced tolerance in the body louse, the current results suggest that they are also associated with ivermectin detoxification in D. melanogaster and that body lice and D. melanogaster are likely to share, in part, similar mechanisms of tolerance to ivermectin.
Integrative transcriptomic and genomic analysis of odorant binding proteins and chemosensory proteins in aphids
Authors: Wang Q. , Zhou J.‐J. , Liu J.‐T. , Huang G.‐Z. , Xu W.‐Y. , Zhang Q. , Chen J.‐L. , Zhang Y.‐J. , Li X.‐C. , Gu S.‐H. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractOdorant binding proteins (OBPs) and chemosensory proteins (CSPs) play essential roles in insect chemosensory recognition. Here, we identified nine OBPs and nine CSPs from the Myzus persicae transcriptome and genome. Genomic structure analysis showed that the number and length of the introns are much higher, and this appears to be a unique feature of aphid OBP genes. Three M. persicae OBP genes (OBP3/7/8) as well as CSP1/4/6, CSP2/9 and CSP5/8 are tandem arrayed in the genome. Phylogenetic analyses of five different aphid species suggest that aphid OBPs and CSPs are conserved in single copy across all aphids (with occasional losses), indicating that each OBP and CSP class evolved from a single gene in the common ancestor of aphids without subsequent duplication. Motif pattern analysis revealed that aphid OBP and CSP motifs are highly conserved, and this could suggest the conserved functions of aphid OBPs and CSPs. Three OBPs (MperOBP6/7/10) are expressed antennae specifically, and five OBPs (MperOBP2/4/5/8/9) are expressed antennae enriched, consistent with their putative olfactory roles. M. persicae CSPs showed much broader expression profiles in nonsensory organs than OBPs. None of the nine MperCSPs were found to be antennae specific, but five of them (MperCSP1/2/4/5/6) showed higher expression levels in the legs than in other tissues. MperCSP10 mainly expressed in the antennae and legs. The broad and diverse expression patterns of M. persicae CSPs suggest their multifunctions in olfactory perception, development and other processes.
Internal Migration in Spain: Dealing with Multilateral Resistance and Nonlinearites
Authors: Maza Adolfo , Gutiérrez‐Portilla María , Hierro María , Villaverde José 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis article investigates the determinants of internal mobility of both foreigners and natives across Spanish provinces over the decade 2004‐14. Building on an extended gravity model, our econometric strategy controls for multilateral resistance to migration by including different fixed effects structures. Additionally, the article allows for some nonlinearities in the key economic determinants of migration, wages and unemployment. The main finding is that the impact of economic factors on internal migration is higher for foreigners than for natives; furthermore, the effect of these factors on internal migration is clearly nonlinear for the group of natives, while this only happens for foreigners when dyadic fixed effects of origin‐destination are considered. Finally, the article shows that the nature of the amenities with the greatest impact on internal movements differs between the two groups: foreigners look for social services and cultural amenities, whereas natives are more attracted by good climate conditions.
In situ observations of cracking in constrained sintering
Authors: Carazzone Joseph R. , Bonar Michael D. , Baring Henry W. , Cantu Mark A. , Cordero Zachary C. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn this paper, we examine the long‐standing problem of cracking during constrained sintering of a powder aggregate. Using binder jet 3D printing, we prepare ceramic green bodies in the form of center‐notched panels, then use in situ imaging to observe how cracks nucleate and grow from the notch as the material sinters under restraint. Quantitative image analysis allows us to identify important characteristics of the sinter‐cracking process, indicating a framework for analyzing the problem and developing methods for avoiding it, including representation of sinter‐cracking as a creep crack growth process, use of fracture mechanics parameters to design specimen geometries that do not exceed critical stress intensities, and the possibility of exploiting the inherently ductile nature of sinter‐cracking to mitigate damage.
Photodermatoses in skin of colour
Authors: Gutierrez D. , Gaulding J.V. , Motta Beltran A.F. , Lim H.W. , Pritchett E.N. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPhotodermatoses represent a heterogeneous collection of disorders unified by the characteristic of being provoked through exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Generally, these conditions are classified into the following categories: immunologically mediated photodermatoses, chemical‐ and drug‐induced photosensitivity, photoaggravated dermatoses and photosensitivity associated with defective DNA repair mechanisms or chromosomal instabilities. The list of photodermatoses is extensive, and each individual photodermatosis is understood to a different extent. Regardless, there exists a paucity of information with regards to the clinical presentation among those with skin of colour. With ever‐changing global demographics, recognition of photosensitive disorders in a diverse population is essential for accurate diagnoses and therapeutic guidance. The scope of this article seeks to review the epidemiology and clinical variability in presentation of such photodermatoses in patients with skin of colour.
Tecia solanivora infestation increases tuber starch accumulation in Pastusa Suprema potatoes
Authors: Kumar Pavan , Garrido Etzel , Zhao Kun , Zheng Yi , Alseekh Saleh , Vargas‐Ortiz Erandi , Fernie Alisdair R. , Fei Zhangjun , Poveda Katja , Jander Georg 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn response to infestation with larvae of the Guatemalan tuber moth (Tecia solanivora), some Solanum tuberosum (potato) varieties exhibit an overcompensation response, whereby the total dry mass of uninfested tubers is increased. Here, we describe early responses, within the first few days, of T. solanivora feeding, in the Colombian potato variety Pastusa Suprema. Non‐targeted metabolite profiling showed significant secondary metabolism changes in T. solanivora‐infested tubers, but not in uninfested systemic tubers. In contrast, changes in primary metabolism were greater in uninfested systemic tubers than in the infested tubers, with a notable 80% decline in systemic tuber sucrose levels within 1 d of T. solanivora infestation. This suggested either decreased sucrose transport from the leaves or increased sink strength, i.e., more rapid sucrose to starch conversion in the tubers. Increased sucrose synthesis was indicated by higher rubisco activase and lower starch synthase gene expression in the leaves of infested plants. Elevated sink strength was demonstrated by 45% more total starch deposition in systemic tubers of T. solanivora‐infested plants compared to uninfested control plants. Thus, rather than investing in increased defense of uninfested tubers, Pastusa Suprema promotes deposition of photoassimilates in the form of starch as a response to T. solanivora infestation.
Factors affecting Korean neonatal nurses’ pain care: Psychometric evaluation of three instruments
Authors: Min Haeyoung , Vincent Catherine , Park Chang G. , Matthews Alicia K. , McCreary Linda L. , Latimer Margot 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAimThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Korean‐language versions of Pain Knowledge and Use (PKU‐K), Collaboration and Satisfaction About Care Decisions (CSACD‐K), and Environmental Complexity Scale (ECS‐K).MethodsA cross‐sectional design was used with a convenience sample of 159 Korean nurses in seven neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). The data were collected by surveying the nurses with the PKU‐K, CSACD‐K, and ECS‐K. Internal consistency reliability was assessed and Horn's parallel analysis, a confirmatory factor analysis, and a convergent construct validity test were conducted in order to evaluate the psychometric properties of the instruments.ResultsThe PKU‐K, CSACD‐K, and ECS‐K exhibited strong internal consistency reliability. Horn's parallel analysis showed four factor structures for the PKU‐K, one for the CSACD‐K, and three for the ECS‐K. The confirmatory factor analysis showed a good model fit for the PKU‐K and CSACD‐K, but the ECS‐K model showed a poor fit. Most factor loadings were statistically significant. The CSACD‐K's convergent validity was supported by significant correlations for collegial nurse–physician relations with a validated instrument.ConclusionThe findings support the reliability and validity of the PKU‐K, CSACD‐K, and ECS‐K for measuring nurses’ knowledge about neonatal pain care, nurse–physician collaboration, and the work environment in NICUs. However, the ECS‐K needs further refinement before it is applied to Korean NICU nurses.
Adapting an Evidence‐based Cardiovascular Disease Risk Reduction Intervention to Rural Communities
Authors: Johansson Patrik , Schober Daniel , Tutsch Sonja Franziska , Brueggeman Grant , Leon Melissa , Lyden Elizabeth , Schulz Paula Sue , Estabrooks Paul , Zimmerman Lani 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPurposeUsing the RE‐AIM framework, the primary purpose of this qualitative study was to assess focus group data to generate information on the applicability of an evidence‐based cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk intervention developed for an urban setting for rural areas in Nebraska. We also sought to determine potential adaptations that may be necessary to implement the study in a rural setting. The CVD risk reduction intervention is based on the Community Outreach and Cardiovascular Health (COACH) program, which included nurse practitioner/community health worker teams.MethodsThis qualitative study involved conducting 3 focus groups with patients with CVD risk factors to assess community readiness for participating in the intervention, the mode of the delivery of the intervention, the setting of the intervention, program content, and raising awareness of the intervention.FindingsFindings from the focus groups indicate acceptability toward a CVD risk reduction program modeled after the COACH. Participants favored initial in‐person face‐to‐face interactions with a nurse practitioner that could transition to phone‐based meetings and Skype. In addition, participants underscored that confidentiality can be a concern in small communities and therefore community health workers need to be trusted individuals. Calls for additions to COACH materials were very specific and participants underscored the need for social support.ConclusionsWith minor adaptations, the COACH program can be pilot tested in rural settings to address key health concerns and behaviors that affect risk for cardiovascular health.
Differential expression profile of hepatic circular RNAs in chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Zhou T.‐C. , Li X. , Chen L.‐J. , Fan J.‐H. , Lai X. , Tang Y. , Zhang L. , Wei J. 
Published: June 2018

SummaryCircRNAs exert gene regulatory effects by sequestering target microRNAs (miRNAs) and play a vital role in the onset and development of disease. Until recently, little has been known about the expression, regulation and biological function of circRNAs in both health and chronic hepatitis B (CHB).To identify hepatic circRNAs associated with CHB, we performed RNA sequencing using liver biopsies from untreated CHB patients and controls. We then established a bioinformatics pipeline for identification of CHB‐associated circRNAs and in silico analysis of the circRNA‐miRNA‐mRNA pathways. We used quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) to confirm these results. The profiles of hepatic circRNA expression were significantly different in CHB compared with controls, with a total of 99 dysregulated circRNAs identified to be correlated with CHB. Computational analysis of the circRNA‐miRNA‐mRNA pathways revealed a large number of miRNAs (665), which were putatively targeted by the differentially expressed hepatic circRNAs. Interestingly, four of the predicted CHB‐related circRNA‐miRNA‐mRNA pathways were found to be involved in the pathogenesis of HBV infection and progression of HBV‐associated liver disease. Among these pathways, regression analysis of gene expression revealed a strong positive correlation between hsa_circ_0000650 and TGFβ2 and a negative correlation between hsa_circ_0000650 and miR‐6873‐3p, which hinted that hsa_circ_0000650 interacted with TGFβ2 mediated by miR‐6873‐3p. This study firstly demonstrates that patients with CHB present different profiles of hepatic circRNAs and circRNA/miRNA interactions. Thus, circRNAs have promise as novel mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis and progression of CHB.