bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Malassezia infections with systemic involvement: Figures and facts
Authors: Pedrosa Ana Filipa , Lisboa Carmen , Rodrigues Acácio Gonçalves 
Published: September 2018

AbstractMalassezia are lipophilic and commensal yeasts capable of inducing skin disease among susceptible hosts. However, severely immunocompromised patients and preterm infants admitted to intensive care units are particularly at risk of developing Malassezia systemic infections. Patients often have central venous catheters which are usually the portal of entry for colonization and infection. In addition to the clinically non‐specific findings, a delay in the laboratorial diagnosis may occur as there is often the need to add lipid supplementation to culture in order to support these organisms’ growth. Herein, we report three unrelated cases of Malassezia bloodstream infection at a university hospital during a 2‐year period, followed by a discussion of the clinical results and comparison with the most recently available published data on epidemiology and risk factors, pathogenesis, diagnosis, susceptibility profile and treatment.
Uncovering educator perspectives of occupation‐centred education in Australia: A qualitative study
Authors: Di Tommaso Amelia , Wicks Alison , Scarvell Jennie , Isbel Stephen 
Published: September 2018

Background/aimOccupation and an occupational perspective of health and wellbeing are required to be taught in accredited occupational therapy programmes internationally. Current research into occupational therapy education has commonly focused on curriculum design and the experience of students and their developing skills for practice. Little research has focused on the perspectives of educators and in particular their own reflections and beliefs on the use of occupation in occupational therapy education. The aim of this study was to uncover Australian educator perspectives of occupation in occupational therapy education.MethodThis study utilised a qualitative research framework. Eight occupational therapy educators and practice education coordinators completed semi‐structured interviews. Educators ranged in experience from two to over 20 years in the university sector. The interview transcripts were transcribed verbatim, forming the data for analysis. Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis was used to analyse the dataset.ResultsThree themes emerged from the data: occupation is our framework; the balance between practice education and occupation‐centred education; and educators changing the focus. Overall, educators believed that the ‘occupation for health’ philosophy and its application are important foundations for education. However, educators provided varied responses on how to teach these concepts to students.ConclusionGaining educators’ opinions on the importance of occupation in education is beneficial for ensuring consistency throughout occupational therapy curricula. Theoretical models were endorsed by educators to foster occupation‐based practice. Educators must continue to innovate within the profession for occupation‐based approaches in practice and education to be strengthened in the future.
Efficient Delineation of Nested Depression Hierarchy in Digital Elevation Models for Hydrological Analysis Using Level‐Set Method
Authors: Wu Qiusheng , Lane Charles R. , Wang Lei , Vanderhoof Melanie K. , Christensen Jay R. , Liu Hongxing 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn terrain analysis and hydrological modeling, surface depressions (or sinks) in a digital elevation model (DEM) are commonly treated as artifacts and thus filled and removed to create a depressionless DEM. Various algorithms have been developed to identify and fill depressions in DEMs during the past decades. However, few studies have attempted to delineate and quantify the nested hierarchy of actual depressions, which can provide crucial information for characterizing surface hydrologic connectivity and simulating the fill‐merge‐spill hydrological process. In this paper, we present an innovative and efficient algorithm for delineating and quantifying nested depressions in DEMs using the level‐set method based on graph theory. The proposed level‐set method emulates water level decreasing from the spill point along the depression boundary to the lowest point at the bottom of a depression. By tracing the dynamic topological changes (i.e., depression splitting/merging) within a compound depression, the level‐set method can construct topological graphs and derive geometric properties of the nested depressions. The experimental results of two fine‐resolution Light Detection and Ranging‐derived DEMs show that the raster‐based level‐set algorithm is much more efficient (~150 times faster) than the vector‐based contour tree method. The proposed level‐set algorithm has great potential for being applied to large‐scale ecohydrological analysis and watershed modeling.
Incidence of type 1 diabetes and distance from the sea: A descriptive epidemiological study
Authors: Abela Alexia G. , Fava Stephen 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundIncreasingly, environmental factors are being shown to play a role in the etiology of type 1 diabetes (T1D). One geographical feature that exerts a major effect on climate but whose relationship with T1D incidence has not been studied is distance from the sea. This study investigated any possible relationship between distance from the sea and the incidence of T1D.MethodsSpearman correlation analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between the incidence of T1D (determined using data from the DiaMond Project) and distance from the sea. This was followed by multivariate analyses to adjust for potential cofounders.ResultsA significant negative association was found between T1D incidence and shortest distance from sea (r = −0.251, P = 0.01235), mean hours of sunshine (r = −0.325, P = 0.002), and mean temperature (r = −0.224, P = 0.046), and a positive association was found between T1D incidence and latitude (r = 0.434, P = 0.0001). Multivariate analysis (generalized linear model) showed that both distance from the sea and latitude were independently associated with the incidence of T1D. The association of distance from sea and the incidence of T1D remained significant even after adjusting for mean temperature (P = 0.002) and mean hours of sunshine (P = 0.005).ConclusionsThe data show that there is a negative correlation between distance from the sea and the incidence of T1D, which was independent of latitude, mean temperature, and mean hours of sunshine. This suggests that environmental factors associated with climatic conditions may influence the risk of T1D.
Adaptation to milking agropastoralism in Chilean goat herders and nutritional benefit of lactase persistence
Authors: Montalva Nicolás , Adhikari Kaustubh , Liebert Anke , Mendoza‐Revilla Javier , Flores Sergio V. , Mace Ruth , Swallow Dallas M. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe genetic trait of lactase persistence (LP) evolved as an adaptation to milking pastoralism in the Old World and is a well‐known example of positive natural selection in humans. However, the specific mechanisms conferring this selective advantage are unknown. To understand the relationship between milk drinking, LP, growth, reproduction, and survival, communities of the Coquimbo Region in Chile, with recent adoption of milking agropastoralism, were used as a model population.DNA samples and data on stature, reproduction, and diet were collected from 451 participants. Lactose tolerance tests were done on 41 of them. The European −13,910*T(rs4988235) was the only LP causative variant found, showing strong association (99.6%) with LP phenotype.Models of associations of inferred LP status and milk consumption, with fertility, mortality, height, and weight were adjusted with measures of ancestry and relatedness to control for population structure. Although we found no statistically significant effect of LP on fertility, a significant effect (P = 0.002) was observed of LP on body mass index (BMI) in males and of BMI on fertility (P = 0.003). These results fail to support a causal relationship between LP and fertility yet suggest the idea of a nutritional advantage of LP. Furthermore, the proportion of European ancestry around the genetic region of −13,910*Tis significantly higher (P = 0.008) than the proportion of European ancestry genome‐wide, providing evidence of recent positive selection since European–Amerindian admixture. This signature was absent in nonpastoralist Latin American populations, supporting the hypothesis of specific adaptation to milking agropastoralism in the Coquimbo communities.
Expanding access to buprenorphine treatment in rural areas with the use of telemedicine
Authors: Weintraub Eric , Greenblatt Aaron David , Chang Joy , Himelhoch Seth , Welsh Christopher 
Published: September 2018

Background and ObjectivesThe opioid epidemic in the United States has resulted in a public health emergency. Medication‐assisted treatment (MAT) with methadone and buprenorphine are evidence‐based treatments for opioid use disorder. However, numerous barriers hinder access to treatment in rural areas. The use of telemedicine to deliver psychiatric services is demonstrated to be safe and effective; however, limited data exist on the novel application of telemedicine in the delivery of MAT. This report describes the results of a retrospective chart review of 177 patients in a rural drug treatment center that were treated with buprenorphine through telemedicine.MethodsThis study evaluated a program that began providing buprenorphine treatment to patients at a drug treatment center in rural Maryland via telemedicine in August 2015. A chart review was performed of the first 177 patients who were enrolled in the program. Data were extracted to examine retention in treatment and rates of continued opioid use.ResultsRetention in treatment was 98% at 1 week, 91% at 1 month, 73% at 2 months, and 57% at 3 months. Of patients still engaged in treatment at 3 months, 86% had opioid‐negative urine toxicology.Discussion and ConclusionsOur findings suggest that treatment with buprenorphine can be effectively delivered by telemedicine to patients with opioid use disorders in a rural drug treatment program.Scientific SignificanceThis use of telemedicine is a potential tool to expand medication‐assisted treatment to underserved rural populations. (Am J Addict 2018;XX:1–6)
Differences in substance use, psychiatric disorders and social factors between Mexican adolescents and young adults
Authors: Tejeda‐Romero Claudia , Kobashi‐Margáin Ramón A. , Alvarez‐Arellano Lourdes , Corona Juan Carlos , González‐García Nadia 
Published: September 2018

Background and ObjectivesSubstance use disorders (SUDs) have high comorbidities with psychiatric disorders. Childhood and adolescence are particularly vulnerable developmental periods for the onset of SUDs. The objective of this study was to explore the differences, if any, between Mexican adolescents and young adults with respect to the prevalences of groups of psychiatric disorders, the types of substances used and the social factors involved.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included 781 patients evaluated at the Youth Integration Center in Mexico City. The diagnostic criteria for SUDs and psychiatric disorders were defined according to the DSM‐IV and ICD‐10. Associations between SUDs and psychiatric disorders were evaluated via multivariate analysis using logistic regression models.ResultsThe adolescents were more frequently substance abusers, whereas the adults had legal problems more often than the adolescents. We showed that adolescents using inhalants or cocaine were 1.62 more likely to have attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Moreover, adults using inhalants were 3.33 times more likely to meet the criteria for a psychotic disorder.Discussion and ConclusionsWe found that adolescents diagnosed with ADHD were more likely to have problems with use or abuse of or dependence on inhalants, and an elevated prevalence of parental SUDs was found in both the adolescent and adult groups.Scientific SignificanceOur findings indicate that earlier diagnosis and intervention are necessary in adolescents with ADHD and/or parental SUDs to prevent more advanced psychiatric diseases and adverse social consequences during adulthood. (Am J Addict 2018;XX:1–7)
Supraventricular arrhythmia with discordant electrocardiographic features: What is the arrhythmia mechanism?
Authors: Ali Hussam , Lupo Pierpaolo , De Ambroggi Guido , Foresti Sara , Mantovani Riccardo , Adduci Carmen , Cappato Riccardo 
Published: September 2018

AbstractJunctional and AV nodal reentrant tachycardia share common electrocardiographic features, but they differ in their management and outcomes after catheter ablation. This case concerns a 60‐year‐old female who presented with recurrent episodes of a relatively slow, regular supraventricular arrhythmia. Electrocardiographic features of the arrhythmia were discordant regarding its underlying mechanism. However, careful analysis of 12‐lead electrocardiograms, with focus on the effect of spontaneous premature beats, pointed out the arrhythmia etiology. Electrophysiological study and pacing maneuvers defined the arrhythmic substrate that was successfully treated by catheter ablation.
Data‐adaptive test for high‐dimensional multivariate analysis of variance problem
Authors: Zhang Mingjuan , Zhou Cheng , He Yong , Liu Bin 
Published: September 2018

SummaryWe focus on the high‐dimensional multivariate analysis of variance problem. Efficiencies of the existing methods for this problem depend highly on the alternative patterns: the ‐norm‐based methods are sensitive to dense alternatives and the ‐norm‐based methods are powerful against sparse alternatives. However, there is no method that is uniformly powerful under various alternative patterns. To overcome this deficiency, we propose an adaptive approach, which is powerful against different alternative patterns. First, we propose a family of tests that is based on the adjusted Lp‐norm, with different p. Combining the adjusted Lp‐norm‐based tests together, we build a data‐adaptive test statistic. The multiplier bootstrap is employed to approximate the limiting distribution of the test statistic and its validity is justified by theoretical analysis. A simulation study provides empirical evidence towards the conclusion that the data‐adaptive test performs well under both dense and sparse alternatives. The proposed test is then applied to a gene expression data set, associated with breast cancer, which illustrates its practical usefulness.
Factors influencing vision‐related quality of life according to glaucoma severity
Authors: Chun Yeoun Sook , Sung Kyung Rim , Park Chan Kee , Kim Hwang Ki , Yoo Chungkwon , Kim Yong Yeon , Park Ki Ho , Kim Chan Yun , Choi Kyu‐Ryong , Lee Kyoo Won , Han Seungbong , Kim Chang sik ,   for the LIGHT (Life Quality of Glaucoma Patients Who Underwent Treatment) study of the Korean Glaucoma Society
Published: September 2018

AbstractPurposeTo identify factors influencing vision‐related quality of life (VRQOL) according to glaucoma severity.MethodsA total of 901 patients with varying stages of glaucoma were recruited from the prospectively designed LIGHT (Life Quality of Glaucoma Patients Who Underwent Treatment) study organized by the Korean Glaucoma Society. Participants completed a basic questionnaire collecting socioeconomic status and clinical information, in addition to the 25‐item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ‐25). Subjects were classified by mean deviation (MD) of integrated binocular visual field (IVF) into mild, moderate and severe damage groups. Factors were evaluated for their influence on VRQOL according to glaucoma severity using univariate and multivariable regression models between Rasch‐analysed NEI VFQ‐25 subscale scores and different variables.ResultsThe mild, moderate and severe groups contained 720, 111 and 70 patients, respectively; the mean IVF MD in each group was −1.4, −8.5 and −17.9 dB. Significant differences were observed among the three groups with respect to age, IVF MD, visual acuity (VA), education level, income level, number of glaucoma medications prescribed and follow‐up period. The most influential factor associated with VRQOL according to glaucoma severity was VA. The VA of the better eye was much more influential on VRQOL than the VA of the worse eye in the moderate and severe defect groups, and the impact of VA on VRQOL was more prominent in advanced glaucoma.ConclusionsVisual acuity is the most influential factor on VRQOL in patients with glaucoma. Preservation of VA should be strongly prioritized to maintain good VRQOL.
The impact of CSR on corporate reputation perceptions of the public—A configurational multi‐time, multi‐source perspective
Authors: Rothenhoefer Lisa Maria 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis study investigates the connection between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and corporate reputation among the public using fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA). To examine complex processes underlying the reactions of this influential stakeholder group, hypotheses are drawn from the category diagnosticity approach. Thereby, a psychological model of perceived (im)morality is transferred to the CSR context. In line with these hypotheses, positive/negative CSR activities influence reputation in the expected directions (H1a, b), while the effects of specific configurations of CSR activities reveal an asymmetry suggesting a negativity bias (H2). Further analyses confirm that positive effects require a consistent positive performance regarding prior reputations (H3a) and the aggregated CSR activities of several previous years (H3b, c). Moreover, the relevant patterns vary between industries (H4). The present study thus contributes to CSR research by investigating a powerful but hitherto understudied stakeholder group through a category diagnosticity lens combined with a configurational approach to analysis.
Digital badges, do they live up to the hype?
Authors: Roy Sherre , Clark Damien 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThere has been much hype in relation to the emergence of digital badging in education. This paper seeks to determine whether digital badges indeed live up to this hype through a systematic review of 23 empirical studies. A series of evaluative research questions have been formulated to guide the analysis of the research literature along with selection criteria to unearth relevant studies. Analysis of this body of work suggests that digital badges can improve student engagement and motivation. However, this finding is not universal with some studies determining no benefit and others reporting negative outcomes. It is clear that further research is necessary particularly with more diverse disciplinary contexts.
Practitioner NotesWhat is already known about the topic.

There is much hype about the benefits to be gained from introducing digital badges into the learning environment.
Much of the literature available offers theoretical backgrounding, principles and good‐practice suggestions as well as generalised guidelines for using digital badges in education.
Empirical studies using digital badges are limited.
What this paper adds.

Most research studies support the proposition that digital badges positively influence learning by encouraging participation and also task completion.
But there isn’t consensus with some studies reporting no change while others highlighting negative implications.
There is a concentration of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) and humanities & social sciences discipline areas within the studies suggesting that broader research is necessary to determine wider applicability of the results.
Positive effects are identified throughout the studies such as improved: Student Engagement, Skills Recognition and Transferability, Personalised Learning, Personal Empowerment, and Work‐related activities and advancement.
Implications for practice and/or policy

The literature identified that digital badges can positively impact learner engagement and motivation, however these positive outcomes are not universal and further research is needed.
The lack of consensus in relation to educational benefits highlights the need for the implementation of digital badges to be well planned and in line with the learning and teaching strategy of the praxis.
Further research is necessary across a broader cross‐section of educational disciplines to determine whether digital badge suitability is cross‐disciplinary or rather focused on niche educational contexts such as STEM.
Inverted classroom teaching in the first‐year design studio, a case study
Authors: Elisa Navarro Morales Maria , Londoño Roberto 
Published: September 2018

AbstractDesign studio teaching has historically been based on the direct transmission of knowledge from teacher to apprentice, as well as on the skills students acquire from repeated practice of the trade. While this tradition has been the basis for the architecture´s educational models for more than three centuries, the role of the student remains passive throughout the process. With the inclusion of new technologies in teaching, the opportunity to update studio methodologies arises. This paper presents a case study where inverted classroom model (ICM) was used in the first‐year design studio in the School of Architecture at Universidad de Los Andes in Bogota, Colombia. Through tangible results and surveys designed specifically to investigate critical issues at different stages, this study reflects on the significance of ICM and its application to the teaching of architecture. The experience shows pedagogical, didactic and technological challenges shifting from traditional studio model to ICM. Through this experience, it has become clear that although teaching in an ICM is a process that must be contextualized within local teaching practices, it contributes toward learner autonomy, promotes individual and collaborative work and transforms the whole methodological scheme of the classroom.
Practitioner NotesWhat is already known about this topic

Inverted classroom model (ICM) environments allow for teaching and learning based on the transmission of knowledge from teacher to student and enable the student as agent of his/her own learning process.
ICM promotes individual and collaborative work.
What this paper adds

This paper discusses ICM as an alternative to traditional studio model, focused on first year modules.
Pedagogical, didactic and technological challenges shifting from traditional studio model to ICM in architecture.
A case study of ICM in a Latin American context.
Implications for practice/policy

ICM changes the relationship between teacher and student, and as a result, transforms the whole methodological scheme of the classroom.
ICM is a process that must be contextualized within local teaching practices.
ICM opens the possibility for the creation of content as a collaborative project between teachers and students.
Research trends in instructional design and technology journals
Authors: Bodily Robert , Leary Heather , West Richard E. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractUsing the online Scopus database, we retrieved all instructional design and technology (IDT) scholarship between 2007 and 2017 across 65 journals. In this paper, we analyzed the research and trends in this corpus of IDT scholarship and investigated the top cited papers, keywords, authors, publishing countries and publishing universities. We also analyzed the effect of collaboration on citation numbers as well as how journal citation metrics differ across databases (eg, Scopus, Google Scholar). The field of IDT is broad and diverse, and this paper plays an important role in providing a glance into the past to understand scholarship trends. Knowing our history can help us reassess where we should go moving forward as the field continues to grow in the 21st century.