bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PERSISTENCE AND VOLATILITY OF BEVERIDGE CYCLES
Authors: Sniekers Florian 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis article explains the cyclical behavior of the fluctuations in unemployment and vacancies by demand externalities. Adding such externalities to an otherwise standard search and matching model reduces the need for exogenous shocks in explaining these fluctuations. Under plausible parameter values, the equilibrium dynamics include a stable limit cycle that resembles the empirically observed counterclockwise cycles around the Beveridge curve. Calibrated to the duration of the business cycle, these endogenous “Beveridge cycles” are as persistent as the data, without losing any of the amplification of the standard model.
State of the art vs biological variability: Comparison on hematology parameters using Spanish EQAS data
Authors: Molina A. , Guiñon L. , Perez A. , Segurana A. , Bedini J. L. , Reverter J. C. , Merino A. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIntroductionIt is important for clinical laboratories to maintain under control the possible sources of error in its analytical determinations. The objective of this work is to perform an analysis of the total error committed by laboratories using the data extracted from the Spanish External Quality Assessment Program in Hematology and to compare them with the specifications based on the biological variability proposed by the Ricós group.Material and MethodsWe analyzed a total of 3 89 000 results during the period 2015‐2016 from the following quantitative schemes of Spanish External Quality Assessment Program: complete blood count, blood coagulation tests, differential leukocyte count, reticulocytes, hemoglobin A2, antithrombin, factor VIII, protein C, and von Willebrand factor.It has been considered as an indicator of the current performance the value of total error that 90% of laboratories are able to achieve, taking into account 75% of their results.ResultsWe found some magnitudes whose biological variability specifications are achievable by most of the laboratories for either minimum, desirable, or optimum criteria: white blood cells, red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, platelets, fibrinogen, neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils, von Willebrand factor, and protein C. However, current performance for mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and hemoglobin A2 only allows to meet the specifications based on the state of the art.ConclusionOur results reflect the feasibility of establishing specifications based on biological variability criteria or the state of the art, which may help to select the proper criteria for each parameter.
Skewed general variable neighborhood search for the cumulative capacitated vehicle routing problem
Authors: Smiti Noura , Dhiaf Mohamed Mahjoub , Jarboui Bassem , Hanafi Saïd 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe cumulative capacitated vehicle routing problem (CCVRP) is a relatively new version of the classical capacitated vehicle routing problem, and it is equivalent to a traveling repairman problem with capacity constraints and a homogeneous vehicle fleet, which aims to minimize the total arrival time at customers. Many real‐world applications can be modeled by this problem, such as the important application resulting from the humanitarian aid following a natural disaster. In this paper, two heuristics are proposed. The first one is a constructive heuristic to generate an initial solution and the second is the skewed variable neighborhood search (SVNS) heuristic. The SVNS algorithm starts with the initial solution. At each iteration, the perturbation phase and the local search phase are used to improve the solution of the CCVRP, and the distance function in acceptance criteria phase is used to improve the exploration of faraway valleys. This algorithm is applied to a set of benchmarks, and the comparison results show that the proposed algorithms provide better solutions than those reported in the previous literature on memetic algorithms and adaptive large neighborhood search heuristics.
Electrocardiographic parameters effectively predict ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation in acute phase and abnormal cardiac function in chronic phase of ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Yu Ziqing , Chen Zhangwei , Wu Yuan , Chen Ruizhen , Li Minghui , Chen Xueying , Qin Shengmei , Liang Yixiu , Su Yangang , Ge Junbo 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundAbnormal cardiac repolarization is closely associated with ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF). Myocardial ischemia and infarction aggravate cardiac repolarization dispersion, and VT/VF could be lethal in the early stage of ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Unfortunately, VT/VF cannot be effectively predicted in current clinical practice. The present study aimed to assess electrocardiographic parameters of the sinus rhythmic complex in relation to cardiac repolarization, e.g., QT interval and T‐peak to T‐end interval (TpTe), to independently predict VT/VF in acute STEMI. Additionally, we hypothesized that QT and TpTe of PVC would be also valuable to predict VT/VF in STEMI.Methods and resultsA total of 198 cases diagnosed as STEMI with PVC on admission by electrography were included. During hospitalization, VT/VF values were recorded. Logistic analysis was performed between patients with and without VT/VF to validate independent electrocardiographic predictors. QTcPVC interval > 520 ms (OR = 3.2; P = 0.027), TpTe interval > 100 ms (OR = 3.1; P = 0.04), TpTePVC > 101 ms (OR = 3.6; P = 0.029), TpTe/QT > 0.258 (OR = 5.7; P = 0.003), and TpTe/QTPVC > 0.253 (OR = 3; P = 0.048). However, QRS duration, QTc interval, coupling interval, and QRSPVC duration did not predict VT/VF. Besides, QRSPVC duration >140 ms (OR = 2.6; P = 0.001) independently predicted LVEF decrease after 1 year or more.ConclusionsQTcPVC interval, TpTe interval, TpTePVC interval, TpTe/QT ratio, and TpTe/QTPVC ratio are risk factors for ECG independent from other confounding factors in predicting VT/VF in the acute phase of STEMI. In addition, PVC characteristics as risk factors for VT/VF in acute phase and LVEF decrease in chronic phase were firstly reported.
Characterization and virus susceptibility of a continuous cell line derived from the brain of Aequidens rivulatus (Günther)
Authors: Yeh S W , Cheng Y H , Nan F N , Wen C M 
Published: February 2018

AbstractCell cultures derived from the brain tissues of Aequidens rivulatus (Günther) have been characterized previously. In this study, a continuous cell line ARB8 was further established, and its growth characteristics, transcription and susceptibility to fish viruses—including chum salmon reovirus (CSV), marbled eel infectious pancreative necrosis virus (MEIPNV), grouper nervous necrosis virus (GNNV), giant seaperch iridovirus (GSIV), red seabream iridovirus (RSIV), koi herpesvirus (KHV), herpesvirus anguilla (HVA) and marbled eel polyoma‐like virus (MEPyV)—were examined. ARB8 cells that showed epithelioid morphology and were passaged >80 times grew well at temperatures ranging from 25°C to 30°C in L‐15 medium containing 5%–15% foetal bovine serum. The cells constitutively transcribed connexion 43, glutamine synthetase, nestin and nkx6‐2, which are markers for neural progenitor cells. The cells were highly susceptible to CSV, MEIPNV, GSIV and RSIV and showed the typical cytopathic effect (CPE). However, the cells were resistant to GNNV, KHV, HVA and MEPyV because no significant CPE was noted after infection. Optimal temperatures for virus production ranged from 25°C to 30°C. The results revealed that the neural progenitor cell line ARB8 can potentially serve as a useful tool for investigating fish viruses and isolating new viruses in ornamental cichlid fishes.
Activation of organum vasculosum neurones and water intake in mice by vasopressin neurones in the suprachiasmatic nucleus
Authors: Gizowski C. , Zaelzer C. , Bourque C. W. 
Published: February 2018

Previous studies have shown that mice housed under a 12:12 h light/dark cycle display a pronounced increase in water intake during a 2‐h anticipatory period (AP) near the end of their active period (Zeitgeber Time ZT; ZT 21.5‐23.5) compared to the preceding basal period (BP, ZT 19.5‐21.5). This increased water intake during the AP is not associated with physiological stimuli for thirst, such as food intake, hyperosmolality, hyperthermia or hypovolaemia. Denying mice the water intake supplement during the AP causes them to be dehydrated at wake time. These observations suggest that this form of thirst may be driven by the circadian clock and serve to mitigate the dehydrating effect of an absence of water intake during sleep. Here, we review recent findings showing that this behaviour is mediated by vasopressin (VP) containing neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). SCN VP neurones project to the organum vasculosum lamina terminalis (OVLT) where the activity dependent release of VP causes excitation of thirst‐promoting neurones. SCN VP neurones increase their electrical activity during the AP and the resultant release of VP causes an increase in the action potential firing rate of OVLT neurones. Experiments involving optogenetic control of VP release from the axon terminals of SCN neurones indicate that this network mechanism is necessary and sufficient to mediate pre‐sleep water intake in mice. These findings provide insight into the output mechanisms that are used by the central clock to generate circadian rhythms and also reveal that the regulation of water intake contributes to osmoregulatory homeostasis during sleep.
The function of fatigue and illness perceptions as mediators between self‐efficacy and health‐related quality of life during the first year after surgery in persons treated for colorectal cancer
Authors: Johansson Ann‐Caroline , Brink Eva , Cliffordson Christina , Axelsson Malin 
Published: February 2018

Aims and objectivesTo measure changes in health‐related quality of life, two dimensions of illness perceptions (i.e., consequences and emotional representations), fatigue and self‐efficacy in persons treated for colorectal cancer during the first year after surgical treatment, and to study how fatigue, illness perceptions and self‐efficacy measured at 3 months affect health‐related quality of life at 12 months postsurgery.BackgroundThere are fluctuations in health‐related quality of life during the first year after treatment for colorectal cancer, and fatigue may negatively influence health‐related quality of life. Illness perceptions (consequences and emotional representations) and self‐efficacy have been shown to be associated with health‐related quality of life in other cancer diagnoses. Concerning colorectal cancer, there is a lack of knowledge concerning how illness perceptions and self‐efficacy change during recovery, and how these variables and fatigue at 3 months relate to health‐related quality of life at 12 months.DesignA prospective longitudinal design.MethodsThirty‐nine persons surgically treated for colorectal cancer, of whom 17 had a colostomy, participated. Health‐related quality of life, fatigue, illness perceptions and self‐efficacy were assessed using QLQ‐C30, the Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire and the Maintain Function Scale. Descriptive and analytical statistics were used.ResultsNo changes were reported in levels of health‐related quality of life, fatigue or illness perceptions. Self‐efficacy was lower at 12 months compared to 3 months. Fatigue and one dimension of illness perceptions mediated the effect of self‐efficacy at 3 months on health‐related quality of life at 12 months.ConclusionPersons treated for colorectal cancer who have lower self‐efficacy 3 months postsurgery are inclined to have more negative illness perceptions concerning emotions and to experience more fatigue.Relevance to clinical practiceNurses need to support persons with fatigue and negative illness perceptions concerning emotions and to bolster their self‐efficacy, that is carry out follow‐up consultations focusing on illness management, symptoms, emotions and information on ways to increase self‐efficacy.
Placental mesenchymal dysplasia with severe fetal growth restriction in one placenta of a dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy
Authors: Jitsumori Shoko , Shiro Michihisa , Kojima Fumiyoshi , Ota Nami , Minami Sawako , Ino Kazuhiko 
Published: February 2018

AbstractWe report a rare case of placental mesenchymal dysplasia (PMD) with fetal growth restriction (FGR) in one placenta of a dichorionic diamniotic (DD) twin pregnancy. A 24‐year‐old woman was referred to our hospital at 24 weeks’ gestation due to FGR and ipsilateral placental abnormality in DD twins. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging showed one placenta of the FGR fetus was bulky and had multiple cysts, while the other fetus placenta appeared normal. Cesarean section was performed at 32 weeks’ gestation; the first and second neonates weighted 1799 and 1215 g, respectively. Macroscopically, chorionic vessels on the placental surface of the second neonate were prominently enlarged. Pathological findings demonstrated swelling stem villi with enlarged vessels and increased interstitial cells without trophoblast proliferation. Immunostaining for p57kip2 was negative in interstitial cells and cytotrophoblasts of the swelling stem villi. This suggested that PMD occurred in one placenta of the DD twin, leading to early‐onset FGR.
Persistent Extreme Hyperextension of the Fetal Neck: Clinical and Neuroimaging Findings
Authors: Shrot Shai , Johnson Clark T. , Golden W. Christopher , Baschat Ahmet A. , Bullard Janine E. , Tekes Aylin , Poretti Andrea , Dunn Emily , Huisman Thierry A.G.M. 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEPersistent hyperextension of the fetal craniocervical junction or neck is one of several fetal positions commonly observed on prenatal imaging. Underlying fetal structural etiologies such as fetal neck masses and iniencephaly can be detected as causes of hyperextension. Caesarean delivery is considered in cases of vaginal delivery or obstructed labor for fear of cervical spinal cord injury. In this case series, we describe the prenatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and their potential role in obstetric management and discuss postnatal outcomes in fetuses demonstrating prenatal imaging findings of persistent extreme hyperextension of the neck.METHODSA retrospective cohort of fetuses with extreme fetal neck hyperextension on prenatal ultrasound and subsequent MRI is described.RESULTSPersistent extreme neck hyperextension was demonstrated in four pregnancies. One patient showed resolution of head positioning prior to labor. In the other 3 patients, neck hyperextension persisted until labor. In these three pregnancies, caesarean section with early intubation was performed due to concern for airway compromise and cervical cord injury. An underlying structural neck abnormality with airway compromise was noted only in 1 patient (large venolymphatic malformation). No airway compromise, cervical spine, or spinal cord anomaly was identified in the remaining 3 patients. Noncervical fetal anomalies were detected only in 1 patient (arthogryposis multiplex and clubfoot deformities). In patients with no structural neck abnormality, early extubation was performed shortly following labor.CONCLUSIONSDetailed, high‐resolution fetal MRI may serve as a valuable secondary imaging modality for clinical decision making regarding management of pregnancy, in utero therapy, mode of delivery, and postnatal care.
Classic Block Design “Pseudo”‐Resting‐State fMRI Changes After a Neurorehabilitation Program in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Pareto Deborah , Sastre‐Garriga Jaume , Alonso Juli , Galán Ingrid , Arévalo Maria Jesus , Renom Marta , Montalban Xavier , Rovira Àlex 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEThe goal of this study was to assess changes in the resting‐state networks (RSNs) of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) after a cognitive rehabilitation program (CRP), by retrospectively analyzing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies using the classical block design.METHODSFifteen patients with MS (2 primary progressive, 3 relapsing‐remitting, 10 secondary progressive) were scanned before and after the CRP on a 1.5T MRI scanner. In addition, patients underwent pre‐ and post‐CRP neuropsychological assessment using a battery of standardized tests. Five healthy individuals were scanned at the same time points to confirm the test‐retest reliability of the imaging technique. For each study, the individual fMRI blocks of rest were merged to produce a “pseudo”‐resting‐state (pseudo‐RS) of 3 minutes duration. RS studies were analyzed with the MELODIC toolbox. A dual regression analysis was applied to estimate the longitudinal changes in RSNs of patients and test controls relative to a set of predefined RSNs used as templates.RESULTSIn healthy individuals, there were no significant differences in RSN results between the two time points studied. In the group of patients with MS, significant differences were found post‐CRP in the visual medial, cerebellar, auditory, and frontal‐executive RSNs. Furthermore, synchronization increases in the frontal‐executive RSN were associated with cognitive improvement on neuropsychological testing.CONCLUSIONSResults obtained using a pseudo‐RS approach to analyze data from block‐design fMRI studies suggest that a CRP of 5 weeks’ duration induces measurable changes in specific RSNs of patients with MS.
Physical Activity and Energy Expenditure During an After‐School Running Club: Laps Versus Game Play
Authors: Kahan David , McKenzie Thomas L. 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDAfter‐school programs (ASPs) have the potential to contribute to student physical activity (PA), but there is limited empirical evidence to guide program development and implementation.METHODSWe used pedometry to assess the overall effectiveness of an elementary school ASP running program relative to national and state PA recommendations and to compare 2 different formats (laps vs games) on PA and energy expenditure.RESULTSBoth running laps and running games contributed substantially to PA accrual and energy expenditure (overall 24.2 minutes of PA and 52.6 kcal during sessions averaging 37 minutes), but the formats provided different outcomes relative to PA intensity and energy expenditure. Overall PA% was higher on lap days, but MVPA% (moderate‐to‐vigorous PA) was higher on game days. Only game days met the stipulation that ASPs provide activities at an intensity in which MVPA% of PA ≥ 50%.CONCLUSIONSBoth running laps and running games in an ASP can contribute to PA accrual. ASP providers should weigh the demands and outcomes of program activities, and especially consider the quality of activities, students' feelings about them, and the implementation demands on instructors.
Drinker Identity: Key Risk Factor for Adolescent Alcohol Use
Authors: Lee Chia‐Kuei , Corte Colleen , Stein Karen F. 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDAdolescent alcohol use continues to be a critical public health problem with both short‐ and long‐term negative health consequences. Defining oneself in terms of alcohol, a drinking‐related identity, has been shown to predict high levels of alcohol use. Because adolescence is the developmental period during which identity development is most salient, preventing the development of the drinker identity and early identification of youth who have a developing drinker identity may be important for prevention and early intervention.METHODSWe review the theory‐ and evidence‐based literature about identity development and the effects of a drinker identity on alcohol use behaviors in adolescents, discuss potential determinants of the drinker identity, and discuss future implications for practice and research.RESULTSThere is some evidence that the drinker identity forms in early adolescence and becomes more well‐developed during adolescence. The drinker identity predicts alcohol use behaviors both concurrently and over time in adolescence and young adulthood. There is also some evidence that early exposure to alcohol may contribute to formation of the drinker identity.CONCLUSIONSIdentity‐based approaches may be promising strategies to identify adolescents who are at risk for alcohol use and to intervene with early prevention or treatment within the school setting.
Reflection of paleoclimate oscillations and tectonic events in the phylogeography of moustache toads in southern China
Authors: Li J. , Wei S. , Hu M. , Luo Z. , Zhao M. , Wu H. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractCurrent genetic variation patterns across different geographic areas are mainly the result of various historical processes, including paleoclimate oscillations and tectonic events. Southern China, characterized by a complex paleoclimate and topography, presents an opportunity to examine such genetic variation patterns. Herein, we selected three species of moustache toads (Leptobrachium boringii, Leptobrachium liui and Leptobrachium leishanense) distributed across southern China to elucidate historical processes that shaped their current phylogeographic patterns based on two mitochondrial genes and eight microsatellite loci. L. boringii and L. liui are estimated to have genetically diverged from the late Miocene to the Pleistocene, which were largely associated with paleoclimate oscillations and geological barriers generated by complex mountain systems in southern China. Within L. liui, a recent split was caused by the rising of the Wuyi Mountains during the early Pleistocene. Demographic analyses revealed that complex topography might play buffering roles in Leptobrachium species during the last glacial maximum. These findings not only highlight the combined effects of climatic oscillations and tectonic events on driving genetic divergences, but also contribute to the general understanding of the phylogeography in this biodiversity hotspot.
Contractile injection systems of bacteriophages and related systems
Authors: Taylor Nicholas M. I. , van Raaij Mark J. , Leiman Petr G. 
Published: February 2018

SummaryContractile tail bacteriophages, or myobacteriophages, use a sophisticated biomolecular structure to inject their genome into the bacterial host cell. This structure consists of a contractile sheath enveloping a rigid tube that is sharpened by a spike‐shaped protein complex at its tip. The spike complex forms the centerpiece of a baseplate complex that terminates the sheath and the tube. The baseplate anchors the tail to the target cell membrane with the help of fibrous proteins emanating from it and triggers contraction of the sheath. The contracting sheath drives the tube with its spiky tip through the target cell membrane. Subsequently, the bacteriophage genome is injected through the tube. The structural transformation of the bacteriophage T4 baseplate upon binding to the host cell has been recently described in near‐atomic detail. In this review we discuss structural elements and features of this mechanism that are likely to be conserved in all contractile injection systems (systems evolutionary and structurally related to contractile bacteriophage tails). These include the type VI secretion system (T6SS), which is used by bacteria to transfer effectors into other bacteria and into eukaryotic cells, and tailocins, a large family of contractile bacteriophage tail‐like compounds that includes the P. aeruginosa R‐type pyocins.