bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A stepped approach for the management of symptomatic internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint
Authors: Efeoglu Candan , Calis Aylin Sipahi , Koca Huseyin , Yuksel Esra 
Published: May 2018

Background Internal derangement is the clinical and pathological condition of disc displacement of the temporomandibular joint. Management of these cases involve conservative and surgical treatment options. Minimally invasive surgical procedures namely arthrocentesis and arthroscopy are promising techniques in the management of internal derangement. However patient selection algorithms, indications for minimally invasive procedures and details of the techniques should be further studied for safe and cost effective management of these cases. This manuscript aims to retrospectively analyze the significance of a stepped surgical treatment approach (arthrocentesis under local anaesthesia as the first line of treatment, followed by arthroscopic lysis and lavage under general anaesthesia in unresolving cases) of internal derangement with or without osteoarthritis. Methods This is a retrospective cohort study. Case notes of 1414 patients that were managed with a standard protocol were reviewed. Appropriate inclusion and exclusion criteria were set. Thirty-three patients were eligible for inclusion. Parameters recorded were pain-free inter-incisal opening, spontaneous pain, pain on function, difficulty on chewing, and perceived disability on jaw movements. Pre-operative and post-operative (at the end of the follow up period) pain free maximum interincisal opening values were compared with paired t test and the subjective parameters were evaluated with Chisquare analysis. Treatment outcome and success rate according to American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons were descriptively shown. Results Interincisal opening values increased, and the number of patients with severe or medium rated subjective parameters were reduced at discharge. These improvements were found to be statistically significant. Clinical (Wilkes) staging of internal derangement pre-operatively and at discharge remained either unchanged or was lower. Treatment outcome and success according to American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons criteria was 94%. Conclusion The stepped approach for the management of symptomatic internal derangement with or without osteoarthritis is a successful treatment strategy with favourable therapeutic outcomes.
A novel nomogram individually predicting disease‐specific survival after D2 gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer
Authors: Wang Wei , Sun Zhe , Deng Jing‐Yu , Qi Xiao‐Long , Feng Xing‐Yu , Fang Cheng , Ma Xing‐Hua , Wang Zhen‐Ning , Liang Han , Xu Hui‐Mian , Zhou Zhi‐Wei 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundFew studies have shown nomograms that may predict disease‐specific survival (DSS) probability after curative D2 gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer (AGC), particularly among Chinese patients. This study sought to develop an elaborative nomogram that predicts long‐term DSS for AGC in Chinese patients.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted on 6753 AGC patients undergoing D2 gastrectomy between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2012 from three large medical hospitals in China. We assigned patients from Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center to the training set, and patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University and Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital to two separate external validation sets. A multivariate survival analysis was performed using Cox proportional hazards regression model in a training set, and a nomogram was constructed. Harrell's C‐index was used to evaluate discrimination and calibration plots were used to validate similarities between survival probabilities predicted by the nomogram model and actual survival rates in two validation sets.ResultsThe multivariate Cox regression model identified age, tumor size, location, Lauren classification, lymphatic/venous invasion, depth of invasion, and metastatic lymph node ratio as covariates associated with survival. In the training set, the nomogram exhibited superior discrimination power compared with the 8th American Joint Committee on Cancer TNM classification (Harrell's C‐index, 0.82 vs. 0.74; P < 0.001). In two validation sets, the nomogram's discrimination power was also excellent relative to TNM classification (C‐index, 0.83 vs. 0.75 and 0.81 vs. 0.74, respectively; P < 0.001 for both). After calibration, the nomogram produced survival predictions that corresponded closely with actual survival rate.ConclusionsThe established nomogram was able to predict 3‐, 5‐, and 10‐year DSS probabilities for AGC patients. Validation revealed that this nomogram exhibited excellent discrimination and calibration capacity, suggesting its clinical utility.
Anterior cingulate cortex activity as a candidate biomarker for treatment selection in social anxiety disorder
Authors: Frick Andreas , Engman Jonas , Wahlstedt Kurt , Gingnell Malin , Fredrikson Mats , Furmark Tomas 
Published: May 2018

SummaryWe aimed to identify biomarkers to guide the decision to add selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) to psychological treatment for social anxiety disorder (SAD). Forty-eight patients with SAD underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging and collection of clinical and demographic variables before treatment with cognitive–behavioural therapy, combined on a double-blind basis with either escitalopram or placebo for 9 weeks. Pre-treatment neural reactivity to aversive faces in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), but not clinical/demographic variables, moderated clinical outcomes. Cross-validated individual-level predictions accurately identified 81% of responders/non-responders. Dorsal ACC reactivity is thus a potential biomarker for SAD treatment selection.Declaration of interestNone.
Long-term clinical and cost-effectiveness of collaborative care (versus usual care) for people with mental–physical multimorbidity: cluster-randomised trial
Authors: Camacho Elizabeth M. , Davies Linda M. , Hann Mark , Small Nicola , Bower Peter , Chew-Graham Carolyn , Baguely Clare , Gask Linda , Dickens Chris M. , Lovell Karina , Waheed Waquas , Gibbons Chris J. , Coventry Peter 
Published: May 2018

BackgroundCollaborative care can support the treatment of depression in people with long-term conditions, but long-term benefits and costs are unknown.AimsTo explore the long-term (24-month) effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of collaborative care in people with mental-physical multimorbidity.MethodA cluster randomised trial compared collaborative care (integrated physical and mental healthcare) with usual care for depression alongside diabetes and/or coronary heart disease. Depression symptoms were measured by the symptom checklist-depression scale (SCL-D13). The economic evaluation was from the perspective of the English National Health Service.Results191 participants were allocated to collaborative care and 196 to usual care. At 24 months, the mean SCL-D13 score was 0.27 (95% CI, −0.48 to −0.06) lower in the collaborative care group alongside a gain of 0.14 (95% CI, 0.06-0.21) quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). The cost per QALY gained was £13 069.ConclusionsIn the long term, collaborative care reduces depression and is potentially cost-effective at internationally accepted willingness-to-pay thresholds.Declaration of interestNone.
Determining the Time of Cancer Recurrence Using Claims or Electronic Medical Record Data
Authors: Uno Hajime , Ritzwoller Debra P. , Cronin Angel M. , Carroll Nikki M. , Hornbrook Mark C. , Hassett Michael J. 
Published: May 2018

Purpose Data from claims and electronic medical records (EMRs) are frequently used to identify clinical events (eg, cancer diagnosis, stroke). However, accurately determining the time of clinical events can be challenging, and the methods used to generate time estimates are underdeveloped. We sought to develop an approach to determine the time of a clinical event—cancer recurrence—using high-dimensional longitudinal structured data. Methods Manual chart abstraction provided information regarding the actual time of cancer recurrence. These data were linked to claims from Medicare or structured EMR data from the Cancer Research Network, which were used to determine time of recurrence for patients with lung or colorectal cancer. We analyzed the longitudinal profile of codes that could help determine the time of recurrence, adjusted for systematic differences between code dates and recurrence dates, and integrated time estimates from different codes to empirically derive an optimal algorithm. Results We identified twelve code groups that could help determine the time of recurrence. Using claims data for patients with lung cancer, the optimal algorithm consisted of three code groups and provided an average prediction error of 4.8 months. Using EMR data or applying this approach to patients with colorectal cancer yielded similar results. Conclusion Time estimates were improved by selecting codes not necessarily the same as those used to identify recurrence, combining time estimates from multiple code groups, and adjusting for systematic bias between code dates and recurrence dates. Improving the accuracy of time estimates for clinical events can facilitate research, quality measurement, and process improvement.
Physical Linkage of Estrogen Receptor α and Aromatase in Rat: Oligocrine and Endocrine Actions of CNS-Produced Estrogens
Authors: Storman Emiliya M , Liu Nai-Jiang , Wessendorf Martin W , Gintzler Alan R 
Published: May 2018

AbstractRapid-signaling membrane estrogen receptors (mERs) and aromatase (Aro) are present throughout the central nervous system (CNS), enabling acute regulation of CNS estrogenic signaling. We previously reported that spinal membrane Aro (mAro) and mERα oligomerize (1). As their organizational relationship would likely influence functions of locally produced estrogens, we quantified the mAro and mERα that are physically associated and nonassociated in two functionally different regions of rat CNS: the spinal cord, which has predominantly neural functionalities, and the hypothalamus, which has both neural and endocrine capabilities. Quantitative immunoprecipitation (IP), coimmunoprecipitation, and Western blot analysis were used to quantify the associated and nonassociated subpopulations of mAro and mERα. Regardless of estrous-cycle stage, virtually all mAro was oligomerized with mERα in the spinal cord, whereas only ∼15% was oligomerized in the hypothalamus. The predominance of nonassociated mAro in the hypothalamus, in combination with findings that many hypothalamic Aro-immunoreactive neurons could be retrogradely labeled with peripherally injected Fluoro-Gold, suggests that a portion of hypothalamic estrogens is secreted, potentially regulating pituitary function. Moreover, circulating estrogens increased hypothalamic Aro activity (quantified by the tritiated water-release assay) in the absence of increased Aro protein, revealing nongenomic regulation of Aro activity in the mammalian CNS. The demonstrated presence of associated and nonassociated mAro and mERα subpopulations in the CNS suggests that their selective targeting could restore impaired estrogen-dependent CNS functionalities while minimizing unwanted effects. The full physiological ramifications of brain-secreted estrogens remain to be explored.
Busting Out
Authors: Horncastle J. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This article approaches transgender surgery from the “side door” and explores the consequences of happenstance surgery for the gender-nonnormative subject. In this happenstance context, the trans chest as a concept is problematic on two counts—being popularly understood only in the cis-surgical context of cancer treatment (mastectomy) or the FTM transitional context (of top surgery). Neither of these contexts readily allows for a nonnormative trans chest. The author utilizes their own experiences of chest surgery to critique delegitimizing, prohibitive clinic practices that efface or misrecognize gender-diverse subjectivity. While this critique is straightforward in that it highlights the need for ongoing change in medical care practices, the author advances a philosophical analysis of genderqueer subjectivity that turns toward a poetics of selfhood. They suggest that understanding the poetics of genderqueerness displaces the “big P” politics of alterity that commonly marks queer activism. They argue that this displacement has epistemological value for what they call trans-peripheral surgical subjects. Building on notions of burdensome self-advocacy and the possibility of being, the article posits that the poetics of nonnormativity acts as a stabilizing or restorative feature of genderqueer and trans-peripheral life. This is especially linked to experiences of surgical transformation in hospitals and surgical clinics that contribute to and shape existential stress. Beginning with a contextualization of genderqueerness and an explanation of the terms trans-peripheral and queer, the article moves from a narrative account of surgical experience to a theory that grounds poetics as a complement to the politics of selfhood.
RNAi screening identifies a mechanosensitive ROCK-JAK2-STAT3 network central to myofibroblast activation
Authors: Oh Raymond S. , Haak Andrew J. , Smith Karry M. J. , Ligresti Giovanni , Choi Kyoung Moo , Xie Tiao , Wang Shaohua , Walters Paula R. , Thompson Michael A. , Freeman Michelle R. , Manlove Logan J. , Chu Vivian M. , Feghali-Bostwick Carol , Roden Anja C. , Schymeinsky Jürgen , Pabelick Christina M. , Prakash Y. S. , Vassallo Robert , Tschumperlin Daniel J. 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT
Myofibroblasts play key roles in wound healing and pathological fibrosis. Here, we used an RNAi screen to characterize myofibroblast regulatory genes, using a high-content imaging approach to quantify α-smooth muscle actin stress fibers in cultured human fibroblasts. Screen hits were validated on physiological compliance hydrogels, and selected hits tested in primary fibroblasts from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Our RNAi screen led to the identification of STAT3 as an essential mediator of myofibroblast activation and function. Strikingly, we found that STAT3 phosphorylation, while responsive to exogenous ligands on both soft and stiff matrices, is innately active on a stiff matrix in a ligand/receptor-independent, but ROCK- and JAK2-dependent fashion. These results demonstrate how a cytokine-inducible signal can become persistently activated by pathological matrix stiffening. Consistent with a pivotal role for this pathway in driving persistent fibrosis, a STAT3 inhibitor attenuated murine pulmonary fibrosis when administered in a therapeutic fashion after bleomycin injury. Our results identify novel genes essential for the myofibroblast phenotype, and point to STAT3 as an important target in pulmonary fibrosis and other fibrotic diseases.
The path to VICTORy – a beginner's guide to success using commercial research antibodies
Authors: Goodman Simon L. 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT
Commercial research antibodies are crucial tools in modern cell biology and biochemistry. In the USA some $2 billion a year are spent on them, but many are apparently not fit-for-purpose, and this may contribute to the ‘reproducibility crisis’ in biological sciences. Inadequate antibody validation and characterization, lack of user awareness, and occasional incompetence amongst suppliers have had immense scientific and personal costs. In this Opinion, I suggest some paths to make the use of these vital tools more successful. I have attempted to summarize and extend expert views from the literature to suggest that sustained routine efforts should made in: (1) the validation of antibodies, (2) their identification, (3) communication and controls, (4) the training of potential users, (5) the transparency of original equipment manufacturer (OEM) marketing agreements, and (5) in a more widespread use of recombinant antibodies (together denoted the ‘VICTOR’ approach).
Glucose Tolerance is Linked to Postprandial Fuel Use Independent of Exercise Dose
Authors: GILBERTSON NICOLE M. , EICHNER NATALIE Z. M. , FRANCOIS MONIQUE , GAITÁN JULIAN M. , HEISTON EMILY M. , WELTMAN ARTHUR , MALIN STEVEN K. 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT

Purpose
The optimal short-term exercise dose to improve glucose tolerance in relation to metabolic flexibility and/or insulin resistance is unknown. Therefore, we tested if short-term, work-matched continuous (CONT) versus interval (INT) exercise training improves glucose tolerance in part by reducing insulin resistance and increasing metabolic flexibility independent of clinically meaningful fat loss in adults with prediabetes.

Methods
Subjects (age = 60.9 ± 1.4 yr, body mass index = 33.5 ± 1.1 kg·m−2) were screened for prediabetes using the American Diabetes Association criteria (75 g oral glucose tolerance test [OGTT] and/or HbA1c) and were randomized to 60 min·d−1 of supervised CONT (n = 17, 70% HRpeak) or work-matched INT (n = 14; 90% HRpeak for 3 min and 50% HRpeak for 3 min) exercise for 12 bouts. Fitness (V˙O2peak) and body composition were assessed pre- and postintervention. A 180-min 75-g OGTT was performed, and glucose, insulin, and free fatty acids were collected to calculate glucose tolerance (tAUC180min) and whole-body as well as adipose tissue insulin resistance pre- and postintervention. RER (indirect calorimetry) was also measured at 0, 60, 120, and 180 min of the OGTT to assess fasting and postprandial metabolic flexibility.

Results
CONT and INT training improved V˙O2peak (L·min−1; P = 0.001) and glucose tolerance (P = 0.01) and reduced fasting RER (P = 0.006), as well as whole-body and adipose insulin resistance (both P = 0.02) with no effect on body fat (P = 0.18). Increased postprandial RER was correlated with reduced glucose tAUC180min (r = −0.38, P = 0.05) and increased 180-min RER related to decreased whole-body insulin resistance (r = −0.42, P = 0.03).

Conclusion
Independent of exercise dose and fat loss, short-term training improves glucose tolerance in relation to enhanced postprandial fuel use.
High-Intensity Interval or Continuous Moderate Exercise: A 24-Week Pilot Trial
Authors: LOCKE SEAN R. , BOURNE JESSICA E. , BEAUCHAMP MARK R. , LITTLE JONATHAN P. , BARRY JULIANNE , SINGER JOEL , JUNG MARY E. 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT

Purpose
High-intensity interval training (HIIT) may lead to superior cardiometabolic improvements when compared with moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT). However, adherence to HIIT requires examination. The purpose of this pilot study was to examine moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) adherence 24 wk after a brief counseling intervention combined with either HIIT or MICT.

Methods
Individuals at high risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) were randomized to HIIT (n = 15) or MICT (n = 17) and completed 10 exercise sessions accompanied by a brief 10-min counseling intervention over a 2-wk period. Objectively measured purposeful MVPA (accelerometry) and cardiorespiratory fitness (V˙O2peak) were assessed at baseline and 24 wk postintervention. Self-regulatory efficacy and task self-efficacy were examined at baseline, postintervention, and 24 wk postintervention. Using an intention-to-treat analysis, change scores were calculated for HIIT and MICT and compared between groups.

Results
Individuals assigned to HIIT increased their MVPA by 53 min (Cohen’s d = 1.52) at 24 wk compared with 19 min in MICT. Both HIIT and MICT increased relative V˙O2peak by 2 and 1 mL·kg−1·min−1, respectively. Participants in both groups increased in their self-regulatory and task self-efficacy postintervention, but both groups demonstrated similar decline at 24 wk.

Conclusion
This pilot intervention was successful in increasing, and maintaining, free-living MVPA over a 24-wk period in individuals at high risk of T2D. Speculation that HIIT is inappropriate or unattainable for overweight individuals at high risk of T2D may be unfounded.
Health and economic correlates of autonomy among older people in Peru, Mexico and China: The 10/66 INDEP study
Authors: Prince Martin J. , Guerra Mariella , Huang Yueqin , Lloyd-Sherlock Peter , Sosa Ana Luisa , Uwakwe Richard , Acosta Isaac , Ezeah Peter , Gallardo Sara , Guerchet Maëlenn M. , Liu Zhaorui , Mayston Rosie , Montes de Oca Veronica , Wang Hong 
Published: May 2018

Background: While autonomy is highlighted as central to older people’s wellbeing, there has been little empirical research to inform a measurement approach, support construct validity, or establish its determinants. We aimed to study the health and economic correlates of self-perceived autonomy among community-dwelling older people in Peru, Mexico and China, using a hypothesis-driven approach. Methods: Cross-sectional household surveys in urban and rural catchment areas in each country, comprising household, informant, and older person interviews, to elicit household income and older residents’ autonomy, unmet needs, and quality of life. Households, all with older residents, were selected from previous waves of the 10/66 Dementia Research Group’s comprehensive surveys of ageing and health. Results: Among 937 older respondents in 754 households, diminished autonomy was associated with older age, marital status, lower education, and lower household income. Physical, cognitive and mental morbidities, functional impairment and dependence were strongly and independently associated with diminished autonomy, explaining the effect of age. Controlling for these variables, an older person’s current total income was inversely associated with diminished autonomy (Count Ratio per fifth of total income 0.86, 95% CI 0.81-0.91). Autonomy was positively correlated with wellbeing and life satisfaction, supporting construct validity. Counter to hypotheses, less autonomy was associated with fewer unmet needs in rural sites. Conclusions: The effects of income insecurity, disability and dependence upon autonomy should be tested prospectively to confirm causal direction. Social pensions, and measures to support the rights of frail and dependent older people may be effective policy instruments for promoting autonomy. While the negative impact of diminished autonomy upon older people’s welfare is supported, the association in rural sites between more autonomy and more unmet needs should be further investigated; efforts to promote autonomy may need careful cultural nuancing, to support rather than subvert traditional family care systems.
Financing Through Asset Sales
Authors: Edmans Alex , Mann William 
Published: May 2018

Most research on firm financing studies debt versus equity issuance. We model an alternative source, non-core asset sales, and identify three new factors that contrast it with equity. First, unlike asset purchasers, equity investors own a claim to the firm’s balance sheet (the “balance sheet effect”). This includes the cash raised, mitigating information asymmetry. Contrary to the intuition of Myers and Majluf [Myers SC, Majluf NS (1984) Corporate financing and investment decisions when firms have information that investors do not have. J. Financial Econom. 13(2):187–221], even if non-core assets exhibit less information asymmetry, the firm issues equity if the financing need is high. Second, firms can disguise the sale of low-quality assets—but not equity—as motivated by dissynergies (the “camouflage effect”). Third, selling equity implies a “lemons” discount for not only the equity issued but also the rest of the firm, since both are perfectly correlated (the “correlation effect”). A discount on assets need not reduce the stock price, since non-core assets are not a carbon copy of the firm. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2981 . This paper was accepted by Tomasz Piskorski, finance.