bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mammographic Breast Density Assessed with Fully Automated Method and its Risk for Breast Cancer
Authors: Saikiran Pendem , Ramzan Ruqiya , S. Nandish , Kamineni Phani Deepika , Priyanka  , John Arathy Mary 
Published: October 2019

Objectives:
We evaluated the association between breast cancer and breast density (BD) measured using fully automated software. We also evaluated the performance of cancer risk models such as only clinical risk factors, density related measures, and both clinical risk factors and density-related measures for determining cancer risk.

Materials and Methods:
This is a retrospective case–control study. The data were collected from August 2015 to December 2018. Two hundred fifty women with breast cancer and 400 control subjects were included in this study. We evaluated the BD qualitatively using breast imaging-reporting and data system density and quantitatively using 3D slicer. We also collected clinical factors such as age, familial history of breast cancer, menopausal status, number of births, body mass index, and hormonal replacement therapy use. We calculated the odds ratio (OR) for BD to determine the risk of breast cancer. We performed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to assess the performance of cancer risk models.

Results:
The OR for the percentage BD for second, third, and fourth quartiles was 1.632 (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.102–2.416), 2.756 (95% CI: 1.704–4.458), and 3.163 (95% CI: 1.356–5.61). The area under ROC curve for clinical risk factors only, mammographic density measures, combined mammographic, and clinical risk factors was 0.578 (95% CI: 0.45, 0.64), 0.684 (95% CI: 0.58, 0.75), and 0.724 (95% CI: 0.64, 0.80), respectively.

Conclusion:
Mammographic BD was found to be positively associated with breast cancer. The density related measures combined clinical risk factors, and density model had good discriminatory power in identifying the cancer risk.
Atypical variant of Baastrup’s disease with lumbar stenosis and cauda equina syndrome
Authors: Shukla Kartikeya , Gosal Jaskaran Singh , Garg Mayank , Bhaskar Suryanarayanan , Jha Deepak Kumar , Tiwari Sarbesh 
Published: October 2019

Background:
Classical Baastrup’s disease is a degenerative disorder of the lumbar spine characterized by the approximation of adjacent spinous processes due to excessive lordosis. This results in edema, sclerosis, cyst, bursitis, and midline epidural fibrosis and is often overlooked as a cause of low back pain. Here, we report a patient with atypical Baastrup’s disease and lumbar spinal stenosis who presented with a cauda equina syndrome.

Case Description:
A 67-year-old male presented with low back pain of 1 year’s duration. This exacerbated over the past 3 weeks, becoming associated with the left lower limb numbness/weakness and bladder dysfunction. The lumbar magnetic resonance (MR) showed atypical Baastrup’s disease characterized by multiple ill-defined areas of contrast enhancement in the paraspinal region in conjunction with lumbar canal stenosis. The patient underwent lumbar decompression and exhibited improvement in his neurological deficits postoperatively.

Conclusion:
This case highlights the atypical MR features of lumbar Baastrup’s disease in conjunction with stenosis. Atypical Baastrup’s disease should be differentiated from classical Baastrup’s disease or other infectious pathologies (e.g., Pott’s disease of the spine) and appropriately treated with timely spinal decompression.
Penerapan Teknologi LoRa pada Purwarupa Awal Wearable Device
Authors: Liandana Made 
Published: October 2019

<p class="infAbstract"><em>Wearable device</em> digunakan dengan disematkan ke pakaian atau dikenakan ke bagain tubuh pengguna sehingga mobilitas pengguna akan mempengaruhi jarak antara transceiver yang ada pada <em>wearable device</em> dengan perangkat yang digunakan mengumpulkan data atau informasi yang dihasilkan oleh sensor pada <em>wearable device</em>. Penggunaan WiFi memungkinkan untuk mengatasi masalah jarak tersebut namun dari sisi konsumsi energi perlu menyediakan baterai tambahan sehingga berpengaruh terhadap ukuran <em>wearable device.</em> Dibandingkan dengan WiFi Bluetooth dan NFC memiliki konsumsi energi dan ukuran yang lebih kecil namun dari sisi jangkauan memiliki jarak yang pendek. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan teknologi yang dapat menangani permasalahan jarak dan konsumsi daya tersebut, salah satunya adalah LoRa (Long Range). Pada penelitian ini <em>wearable device </em>dirancang dengan menggunakan transciever LoRa (Long Range)tipe SX1278 dan menggunakan sensor accelerometer ADXL345. Bagian wearable device pengirim dipasang sensor accelerometer, transciever LoRa digunakan pada bagian pengirim dan penerima, sedangkan untuk unit pra pemrosesan menggunakan platform Arduino Nano Atmega328p. Pengujian pengiriman data dilakukan dengan mengirim sejumlah angka secara sekuensial pada jarak 10 meter dari wearable device pengirim ke penerima. Hasil pengujian pengiriman menunjukkan, angka sekuensial dapat diterima tanpa ada sekuen yang hilang. Sedangkan untuk modul sensor ADXL345 pengujian dilakukan dengan membandingkan nilai referensi dengan nilai pembacaan actual, dari hasil pengujian selisih nilai aktual untuk sumbu sensor (x,y,z) dengan nilai referensi telah mendekati nilai nol.</p>
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MEDIA GAMBAR TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR BAHASA INDONESIA PADA SISWA KELAS IV SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Akbar Ahmad Ali , Tarman Tarman 
Published: October 2019

Penggunaan media gambar sangat membantu untuk meningkat­kan hasil belajar siswa, Karena melibatkan seluruh potensi yang dimiliki oleh siswa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengatahui pengaruh penggunaan Media gambar terhadap hasil belajar Bahasa Indonesia, Karna hasil belajar siswa kelas IV SD Negeri Sungguminasa III Kecamatan Somba Opu Kabupaten Gowa tergolong rendah dengan nilai 6,83. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah pre eksperimental dengan jenis one group pre test-post test design. Teknik yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data adalah teknik tes. Data yang dikumpul akan dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik statistik deskriptif jenis uji t-tes. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan media gambar pada proses pembelajaran pada hasil belajar berpengaruh. Hal ini tampak pada tingkat kemampuan siswa sebelum menggunakan metode pembelajaran yaitu hanya mencapai 6,83, selanjutnya setelah menggunakan media gambar pada proses pembelajaran mencapai nilai rata-rata yang diperoleh sebesar 16,35. Hal ini berarti bahwa tingkat kemampuan siswa meningkat. Pengaruh media gambar dalam proses pembelajaran diketahui pula berdasarkan hasil perhitungaan uji t. Hasil penelitian diperoleh, tHitung= 16,41 dan tTabel= 3,792 maka t Hitung ≥ tTabel atau 16,41≥ 3,792. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa Ho di tolak dan Ha diterima. Ini berarti bahwa penggunaan media gambar dapat memberi pengaruh dalam meningkatkan kemampuan siswa pada pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia. The use of image media is very helpful to improve student learning outcomes, because it involves all the potential possessed by students. The purpose of this study to mengatahui effect of the use of media images of learning outcomes Indonesian, Karna student learning outcomes fourth grade SD Negeri Sungguminasa III Somba Opu District Gowa is low with a value of 6.83. The type of research used is pre experimental with type one group pre test-post test design. The technique used to collect data is a test technique. The collected data will be analyzed using descriptive statistical technique of test t-test type. The results of this study indicate that the use of image media on the learning process on learning results have an effect. This is seen in the level of students' ability before using the learning method that is only reached 6.83, then after using the media images on the learning process to reach the average value obtained for 16.35. This means that the level of student ability increases. The influence of image media in the learning process is also known based on the results of t test calculation. The results obtained, t = 16.41 and tTable = 3.792 then t Count ≥ tTable or 16.41 ≥ 3.792. So it can be concluded that Ho is rejected and Ha accepted. This means that the use of image media can have an effect on improving students' skills in Indonesian language.
PENGARUH PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPA DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Dahliana Dina , Setiawati Nike Sri , Taufina Taufina 
Published: October 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk pengaruh penggunaan pendekatan saintifik terhadap hasil belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran IPA di SD Negeri 10 Lambung Bukit Kecamatan Pauh, Padang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen jenis Quasi Eksperimental Design dengan rancangan The Static Comparison: Randomized Control Group Only Design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas IV semester II SD Negeri 10 Lambung Bukit Kecamatan Pauh yang terdiri dari 2 kelas berjumlah 47 orang. Berdasarkan analisis data diperoleh hasil pengujian terhadap data dari kelas sampel yaitu berdistribusi normal dan homogen. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji hipotesis dengan uji-t menunjukkan thitung= 2,464 dan ttabel= 1,677 dengan db= 47 (n1+n2–2=24+25-2=47) dan taraf signifikan 5%. Berdasarkan pengujian thitungttabel(2,464 1,677) maka H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima, dengan kesimpulan bahwa “hasil belajar siswa yang menggunakan pendekatan saintifik lebih baik daripada hasil belajar siswa yang tanpa menggunakan pendekatan saintifik terhadap hasil belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran IPA di kelas IV SD Negeri 10 Lambung Bukit Kecamatan Pauh”.
PENINGKATKAN PARTISIPASI MELALUI MODEL PBL BERBANTU MEDIA KARTU MASALAH KELAS IV TEMA 8 SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Fitriana Arwin Elfani , Harmianto Sri , Wijayanti Okto 
Published: October 2019

Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah rendahnya partisipasi belajar siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmeningkatkan partisipasi belajar siswa melalui model pembelajaran Probem Based Learning (PBL) berbantumedia kartu masalah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam beberapa tahap antara lai tahap perencanaan,tindakan, observasi dan refleksi. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 2 Jatilawangyang berjumlah 31 siswa yang terdiri dari 14 siswa laki-laki dan 17 siswa perempuan. Alat pengumpulandata yang digunakan adalah lembar observasi partisiasi siswa, lembar observasi aktivitas guru, lembarobservasi aktivitas siswa dan lembar evaluasi siswa. Hasil peningkatan terjadi pada setiap siklusnya.Peningkatan ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL)berbantu media kartu masalah dapat meningkatkan partisipasi belajar siswa pada tema 8 Daerah TempatTinggalku di kelas IV SD Negeri 2 Jatilawang, Kecamatan Wanayasa, Banjarnegara. Hasil observasipartisipasi siswa pada siklus I yaitu 2,57, presentase ketuntasan 12,9% dengan kriteria kurang baikmeningkat pada siklus II menjadi 3,52, presentase ketuntasan 74,19% dengan kriteria baik. Presentaseketuntasan partisipasi belajar siswa telah mencapai indikator keberhasilan yang telah ditentukan dengankriteria baik dan meningkat.Kata Kunci: Partisipasi; PBL; Kartu masalah. The background of this research was caused of the low of student's learning participation. The aim of this research is toimprove students' learning participation through pbl model with media problem card at grade IV Theme 8. Thisresearch was implemented through some steps that weree planning, implementing, observing and reflecting step. Thesubject of this research was students at grade IV in elementary school 2 jatilawang with total numbers 31 studentsconsist of 14 men and 17 women. The instruments of collecting data were students' participation observation sheet,teacher's activity observation sheet, students' activity observation sheet and students evaluation sheet. The result of theimprovements happened in each cycle. This improvement showed that the use of problem based learning method withmedia problem card could improve students' learning participation in theme 8 Tempat Tinggalku in class VIElementary school 2 Jatilawang, Wanayasa, banjarnegara. The result of the observation improved in cycle 11 became3,52, percentage completeness 74,19 % in good criterion. The students learning participation percentage completenesshas reached the indicator of success that has specified in good criterion and improvement.Keywords: Participation, PBL, Problem Card
Innovative therapeutic pants for children with genu varum and genu valgum
Authors: Pristiyani Kurnia , Solikhah Umi , Mahesaputra Renaldi , Al Hamra Falah Dinar 
Published: October 2019

Background: This research is motivated by the absence of therapeutic pants in patients with genu deformity, so innovations to create latest medical products are needed to prevent the disease. One of the innovations is development of therapeutic pants for genu varum and genu valgum. Objective: It aims to research and develop therapeutic pants to improve comfort of children with genu varum and genu valgum.Methods: This study used Research and Development (R&D) approach. It consisted of 3 phases, namely phase I, II, and III or product trials.Result: From the literary study in phase I, it was obtained that materials used to make the therapeutic pants were cotton cloth fabric and foam. In the second phase of the research, it was also discovered that designs and shapes of the pants were as needed. The results of product trials or phase III of this study involved 5 respondents; it showed that the use of therapeutic pants in toddlers resulted comfort and satisfaction for them.Conclusion: The therapeutic pants are proven to increase comfort in toddlers with genu varum and genu valgum.
Respon Peternak terhadap Pencegahan dan Pengobatan Penyakit Cacing Gastrointestinal Pada Kambing di Desa Klopo Kecamatan Tegalrejo Kabupaten Magelang
Authors: Widiarso Budi Purwo , Mubarokah Wida Wahidah 
Published: October 2019

This study was conducted to determine the response of farmers to the prevention and treatment gastrointestine worm disease in goats and know factors that influencing farmer response Tools and materials used are stationery, questioner, folder, worm drug and vitamin of B complex. The respondents were 30 people. Data was taken from pre-test and post-test by conducting direct interview regarding prevention and treatment gastrointestine worm disease in goat by using questioner. Based on the regression analysis obtained by multiple linear equations as follows: Y = 28.946 + 5.084X1 - 0,215X2 + 0,171X3+ 0,548X4 + e. From model of regresion above, it can be intepreted that each increase in the vallue of X1 (education) equal to 1 % will add respon equal to 5.084, each increase in the value of X2 (age) by 1 % will reduce the respon by 0.215, each increase of value of X3 (experience of farming) by 1 % will add value of respon equal to 0.171, and each increase of value of X4 (amount of the ownership of livestock) by 1 % will add value of 0.548. This study concluded that there was an increase in knowledge aspects of 14.87 with EP 82.6% and EPP 77.36%, attitude aspects amounting to 10.47 with EP 90.88% and EPP 82.12% and skills aspects of 5.1 with EP 86.6% and EPP 79.19% and an increase in response value from aspects of knowledge, attitudes, and skills of 30.39%, namely from a low response to a high response to the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal worm disease in goats. Education is the most significant factor that has a very significant effect of (P 1 ≤0.01) on the farmer response average.
Keywords: prevention, treatment, gastrointestine worm, goat, response
Afetler ve Kent Morfolojisine Etkileri; Düzce Örneği
Authors: KAYA Ayşegül 
Published: October 2019

Yaşam alanlarımız olan
kentler; insanoğlunun en büyük eseri olarak görülmektedir hatta ‘neolitik
devrim’ den sonra gerçekleştirdiği ikinci devrim olarak kabul edilmektedir.
Kentler sürekli devinim halinde değişmektedir ve bu değişimin bir yöntem olarak
kentsel morfoloji kavramı ile kentsel mekân üzerinden okunması yaklaşık son
yüzyıla dayanmaktadır. Birçok disiplinin etkileşimleri sonucu yeni bir çalışma
alanı olarak ortaya çıkan kent morfolojisi, bir kent ya da kent parçasının
biçimsel olarak geçirmiş olduğu değişimleri, sahip olduğu mevcut dokuyu analiz
ederek çözümlemeyi hedeflemektedir. Özellikle ekonomik, sosyal şartlara veya
afetlere bağlı olarak meydana gelen bu değişimler bu yöntemle analiz
edilmektedir.

Ülkemizin büyük bölümü
birbirine göre farklı deprem riskleri altındadır. Düzce de ülkemizin Kuzeyini kat eden Kuzey Anadolu
Fay hattı ile kendi adı ile anılan ve belli aralıklarla şiddetli depremler
üretebilen iki fay zonunun etki alanı altındadır. Bu çalışmada, eski bir göl
yatağı olan Düzce ovasının üzerinde konumlanan Düzce kentinin mekânsal gelişimi,
gerek ekonomik gerekse planlama kararları ile afet sonrası değişen kent makro
formu üzerinden incelenmiştir. Düzce’nin
ilk imar planı ve yapılan uygulamalardan başlayarak, kentsel gelişiminin genel
bir değerlendirmesi yapılmıştır. 17 Ağustos-12 Kasım 1999 depremlerinden sonra
yapılan imar planları ele alınarak, kent makro formunun değişimi irdelenmiştir.
Comparative Study of Treatment Response and Toxicity of Four Field Box Technique Versus Two Field Technique External Beam Radiotherapy in Locally Advanced Carcinoma Cervix
Authors: Shrestha Roshani , Acharya Bibek 
Published: October 2019

Introduction: External beam radiotherapy plays a pivotal role in locally advanced carcinoma cervix. EBRT treats the whole pelvis including the primary tumor along with the regional lymph nodes. Conventionally, EBRT planning is based on standard bony landmarks using X-rays and can be delivered by anterior–posterior and posterior–anterior (AP-PA) parallel opposed fields or the four field box technique. AP-PA field technique provides good coverage to the target volume. Four field box technique with parallel opposed AP-PA fields and two lateral opposed fields although has better dose distribution and decrease normal tissue toxicity, is time consuming. EBRT by AP-PA two field technique is generally used in our center due to less manpower and resources and huge load of patients. But, pelvic radiotherapy by 4 field portals has been proven by the trials that it has better tumor response. So, the objective of this study was to compare the tumor response and acute hematological and non- hematological toxicities between the two techniques.
Methods: One hundred and twenty patients with diagnosis of carcinoma cervix were enrolled in this study, sixty assigned in each group. Group A received radiation by AP-PA two field technique and Group B by 4 field box technique. Chemotherapy regimen was the same for the two groups. Treatment response and toxicities were evaluated after the completion of treatment and compared between two groups.
Results: All enrolled patients received planned treatment. The total duration of treatment in both the groups was 23 days. Loco-regional control with complete remission was 63.3 % in group A Vs. 73.3% in group B (p= 0.405). Acute toxicities of grade 1 and grade 2 were seen more in group A compared to group B, nausea (63.3% vs. 56.7% p=0.141), vomiting (13.3% vs. 20% p=0.234), diarrhea (10% vs. 6.7%), radiation dermatitis (3.3% vs. 0%). Hematological toxicities like anemia, thrombocytopenia and leucopenia were observed more ingroup A than group B.
Conclusion: Both two and four field box techniques are equally effective and feasible as statistically insignificant difference in the response rate and acute toxicities was observed in the two groups.
Carcinoma of Vulva in Nepalese Women Managed at B. P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital
Authors: Pariyar Jitendra , Shrestha Binuma , Acharya Bijaya Chandra , Shrestha Suresh , Shrestha Jaya , Shrestha Sadina 
Published: October 2019

Introduction: This study aims to analyze the clinical presentation and management outcomes carcinoma of vulva managed B. P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital.
Methods: A descriptive study was conducted of all carcinoma of vulva cases managed at B. P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital from 1999 to 2009. The case record of all women diagnosed to have carcinoma of vulva were retrieved and socio-demographic characteristics, clinical presentations, histological type, treatment modalities and outcome were obtained and analyzed.
Results: There were 5152 gynecological malignancies and vulvar cancer accounted for 87, giving a prevalence of 1.7%. The ages ranged from 17 to 86 years (mean of 48.6 years). Parity was 0-10. Vulva wound and pruritus were the most frequent clinical features with presentations in stage I -8%, stage II- 28%, stage III – 52 % and stage IV -12%. Squamous cell carcinoma (93%) predominated and 62% were grade I. Among the 87 cases, 32% were treated primarily with surgery, 34% primarily with concurrent chemo-radiation and 28% with combined modality. Clinical follow-up of one to five years showed that 26 (30%) cases had local recurrence and 22 (25%) died of disease.
Conclusion: Carcinoma of the vulva is a rare gynecological malignancy in Nepal. Surgery and radiotherapy remain to be the mainstay of treatment. Delayed presentation still results in greater morbidity and mortality rates.
Influence of graphene oxide on the static and dynamic mechanical behavior of compatibilized polypropylene nanocomposites
Authors: Kumar Karavalasu Velusamy Mahesh , Krishnamurthy Kasilingam , Rajasekar Rathanasamy , Kumar Palaniappan Sathish , Pal Kaushik , Nayak Ganesh Chandra 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) is a carbon-based filler which possesses superior properties for the preparation of polypropylene (PP) nanocomposites. The homogeneous dispersion of nanofiller in a polymer matrix involves a compatibility between base and matrix. This research work analyzes the behavior of GO and its distribution in PP as well as the morphological, physical and mechanical properties of prepared nanocomposites. Since PP is non-polar and GO is polar, there may be a compatibility mismatch between filler and matrix, which may not lead to homogeneous distribution due to poor chemical interaction. Maleic-anhydride grafted polypropylene (MA-g-PP) was selected as a suitable compatibilizer in order to disperse filler into the matrix. X-ray diffraction (XRD) reveals an increase in intergallery spacing which confirms the formation of GO. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows the improved distribution of GO sheets in the PP matrix for the compatibilized system. Tensile strength and modulus of elasticity are improved for the compatibilized PP nanocomposites when compared to the uncompatibilized and to the pure system. Moreover, an enhancement of storage modulus was evidenced for compatibilized nanocomposites. Polar-polar interaction between GO and compatibilizer leads to the homogeneous distribution of filler into the matrix which is clearly responsible for an improvement in the technical properties of polymer.
Influence of the moisture state of recycled fine aggregate on the impermeability of concrete
Authors: Zhuang Yizhou , Liang Yongning , Nabizadeh Azam , Ng Zhen , Ji Tao 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The impermeability of recycled fine aggregate concrete (RFAC) with different contents of recycled fine aggregate (RFA) was tested according to the standard test method of ASTM C1202. The moisture states of RFA were controlled at air-dried (AD), oven-dried (OD) and saturated surface-dried (SSD) states. Both the interfacial structure and the pore structure of RFAC were analyzed. Research results show that, for the same total water-cement (TWC) ratio and the same content of RFA, the interfacial transition region of RFAC became denser by increasing the moisture amount of RFA from oven-dried, air-dried to a saturated surface-dried state; meanwhile, the density and porosity of hardened cement paste (HCP) improved as well, which resulted in the higher impermeability of RFAC. Whereas by contrast, for the same moisture state and by increasing the RFA content, both the interfacial transition region and the property of the interface structure of RFAC became weaker. Also, the decreasing density and porosity of HCP resulted in lower impermeability of RFAC.