bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ґрунтозахисна роль лісу на водозборах Карпат
Authors: Olijnyk V. , Viter R. 
Published: April 2018

Наведено кількісну оцінку ґрунтозахисної ролі лісового покриву на гірських водозборах карпатського регіону. Розраховано показники твердого стоку (модуль твердого стоку, каламутність води) на парних водозборах та в різних рельєфно-кліматичних умовах Карпат. Висвітлено залежності обсягів річного змиву ґрунту від стрімкості схилів і лісистості водозборів. З’ясовано, що ґрунтозахисні властивості лісів ослаблюються із збільшенням стрімкості рельєфу та зменшенням лісистості. Проаналізовано відмінності прояву ерозійних процесів на різних висотних смугах гірської системи, що зумовлюють вибір диференційованих методів оптимізації лісистості.
Встановлено, що гірські ліси Карпат є потужним ґрунтозахисним фактором, здатним зменшувати ерозійні процеси, порівняно із польовими угіддями, майже у сім разів, сприяючи тим самим зниженню каламутності річкових вод майже у 19 разів. Сучасна (59 %) лісистість гірської системи покращує ці процеси в два рази.
У просторовому вимірі захисна роль лісу змінюється залежно від стрімкості та висоти гірських схилів. На північно-східному мегасхилі Карпат вона сильніше виражена, ніж на більш стрімкому південно-західному. Вплив стрімкості схилів у розвитку ерозійних явищ досить відчутний у нижніх висотних смугах обох мегасхилів (до 800 м н.р.м.) із антропогенно зниженою лісистістю (20-60 %). У верхніх смугах гір (понад 800 м) негативна роль гірського рельєфу у розвитку ерозії елімінується високою лісистістю водозборів (60-80 %).
Для зменшення ерозійних процесів і покращення чистоти природних вод запропоновано диференційовану систему лісівничо-меліоративних заходів.
Лісонасінна база в Україні: сучасний стан та шляхи розвитку
Authors: Danchuk O. 
Published: April 2018

Здійснено аналіз сучасного стану лісового селекційного насінництва в Україні. Встановлено, що база для ведення насінництва лісових порід, яка успішно формувалася впродовж 1960-х − початку 1990-х років, не набула подальшого розвитку та на сьогодні гостро потребує осучаснення. Відповідні заходи необхідно здійснити у формі виділення та створення нових об’єктів, інвентаризації та генетичної паспортизації наявних об’єктів, а також вдосконалення теоретичних засад лісового насінництва, зокрема, в частині розроблення та запровадження уніфікованого лісонасінного районування і забезпечення комплексного характеру лісового насінництва на основі ширшого використання популяційних методів селекції.
Обґрунтовано необхідність розроблення Перспективної програми розвитку лісового насінництва, збереження та відтворення генетичних ресурсів лісових порід, а також осучаснення законодавчої та нормативної бази лісового насінництва, зокрема, чинних «Настанов з лісового насінництва», для запровадження норм та положень, які забезпечували б ефективне збереження та відтворення лісових генетичних ресурсів в умовах глобальних кліматичних змін, інтенсивного антропогенного навантаження та лісокористування, а також несприятливих біотичних процесів, прояв яких спостерігається на території України.
У межах зазначеної програми потрібно передбачити розширення мережі дослідних об’єктів “in sity” та “ex sity”, що мають за мету вивчення міжпопуляційної мінливості лісових порід на основі створення системної мережі географічних культур, збереження найцінніших генотипів та популяцій, оцінювання комбінаційної здатності плюсових дерев, з наступним створенням на цій основі лісонасінних плантацій другого порядку; адаптацію діючих актів у сфері лісового насінництва до норм Європейського Союзу.
Екологізація суспільної свідомості в контексті духовного розвитку
Authors: Synyakevych I. 
Published: April 2018

Розглянуто суть екологізації суспільної свідомості в контексті духовного розвитку, збереження й удосконалення життя на Землі. Екологізацію суспільної свідомості розглядають як процес оптимізації життя на Землі, який враховує потреби земної цивілізації в ресурсах довкілля і можливостях навколишнього природного середовища їх задовольняти. Проаналізовано зв’язки між деградацією навколишнього природного середовища під впливом деструктивної господарської діяльності людини, воєнних конфліктів у межах гібридної війни та глобальними екологічними загрозами, що пов’язані з порушенням планетарних меж. Визначено найвагоміші вимоги до еволюційного розвитку земної цивілізації в XXI ст. в межах вісімнадцяти цілей.
Розглянуто суть гібридної війни як війни символів і злочинних інтересів кланових угруповань, в яких нехтують міжнародними домовленостями, національним законодавством і традиціями. Зроблено висновок про те, що помилковою є думка щодо того, що гібридні війни – це протистояння, яке пов’язане головним чином з етичними і ціннісними інтересами, бо за ними, як звичайно, криється проімперська загарбницька війна.
Relação entre Reservas Orçamentárias e Orientação de Valor Social
Authors: Gazso Righetti Maria Carolina , Lopes Cardoso Ricardo , Tiomatsu Oyadomari José Carlos , Ribeiro de Mendonça Neto Octávio 
Published: April 2018

Os estudos sobre reservas orçamentárias ainda continuam inconclusivos, mas destaque tem sido dado aos aspectos comportamentais. O presente trabalho inova ao testar empiricamente se a orientação de valor social (comportamento pró-social, competitivo e individual) dos indivíduos pode contribuir para a formação de folga orçamentária. O estudo é do tipo single entity, com a pesquisa sendo feita com 41 gestores de uma multinacional americana do segmento de autopeças. A pesquisa foi realizada em duas fases: Na primeira, os participantes responderam a um instrumento de orientação de valor social. E na segunda fase do procedimento, os participantes foram submetidos a um experimento orçamentário a fim de se analisar o processo de formação de folga orçamentária. Os resultados confirmaram a propensão para formação de folga orçamentária, mas não foi possível confirmar as hipóteses teóricas de que a orientação de valor social cooperativa contribui para a redução da folga orçamentária, sugerindo que outros fatores possam estar interferindo nesse fenômeno.
Direitos das crianças dos povos indígenas: dos princípios e caminhos construídos em Mato Grosso do Sul e a resolução do CONANDA
Authors: Rondina Scandola Estela Marcia , Schuaiga Espricido Lizandra , Farias Frihling Maristela , Dias Ferraz Dacome Rosany 
Published: April 2018

O objetivo deste artigo é resgatar parte das discussões realizadas no II Colóquio sobre os direitos das crianças dos povos indígenas, realizado em Dourados, MS, em 2013, e promover a interlocução com a Resolução 181/2016 do Conselho Nacional dos Direitos da Criança e do Adolescente (CONANDA). Os conteúdos selecionados do documento foram: violações de direitos de crianças, adolescentes e jovens indígenas destacadas pelos participantes; princípios para atenção integral; e caminhos para a proteção plural. Foram elencados 11 (onze) situações de violação de direitos consideradas como particulares da discriminação étnica. A partir dessas considerações foram construídos 5 (cinco) princípios e 14 (catorze) diretrizes visando à garantia de direitos. A análise dos dados permite considerar que os debates realizados em Mato Grosso do Sul, no âmbito do evento sob a Coordenação Regional da FUNAI, estão em consonância com as decisões do CONANDA em 2016 e podem ser um aporte importante para a operacionalização das decisões daquele colegiado.
Da Dimensão Terapêutica da Atividade Xamânica
Authors: Dias Laércio Fidelis 
Published: April 2018

O objeto de investigação são os tratamentos xamânicos presentes nas narrativas de Palikur, Galibi Maworno e Karipuna que habitam a Terra Indígena Uaçá. A problemática é responder à seguinte indagação: qual o escopo da terapêutica na atividade xamânica? A premissa é a de que tratar problemas de saúde implica reordenar e reequilibrar relações sociocosmológicas que envolvem domínios humanos e não humanos, seres humanos e sobrenaturais. Nesse sentido, saúde e doença relacionam-se com questões mais amplas do que apenas manifestações biofísicas no corpo. O objetivo geral do artigo é analisar o papel do xamã sem reduzi-lo a mero curador. Do ponto de vista metodológico, o uso das narrativas se justifica por expressarem a lógica da experiência, trazendo consigo os princípios de construção, ordenação e significação dos eventos. A premissa foi confirmada, ou seja: a dimensão terapêutica da atividade xamânica não se restringe aos aspectos biofísicos da experiência da doença.
Efficacy of Communication Training of Community Health Workers on Service Delivery to People Who Inject Drugs in Vietnam: A Clustered Randomized Trial
Authors: Li Li , Hien Nguyen Tran , Liang Li-Jung , Lin Chunqing , Lan Chiao-Wen , Lee Sung-Jae , Tuan Nguyen Anh , Tuan Le Anh , Thanh Duong Cong , Ha Nguyen Thi Thanh 
Published: April 2018

Objectives. To evaluate the efficacy of an intervention targeted to commune health workers (CHWs) who deliver services to people who inject drugs (PWID) in Vietnam. Methods. From 2014 to 2016, we conducted a cluster randomized controlled trial of 300 CHWs and 900 PWID in 60 communes in 2 provinces of Vietnam. Intervention CHWs participated in training sessions to enhance their communication skills. Trained CHWs were asked to deliver individual sessions to PWID. We assessed the outcomes at baseline and at 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-month follow-ups. Results. Intervention CHWs showed greater improvement in provider–client interactions than did control CHWs at all follow-ups (range of difference = 3.33–5.18; P < .001). Intervention CHWs showed greater reduction in negative attitudes toward PWID at the 12-month follow-up (mean ±SD = 1.75 ±0.50; P < .001). PWID in the intervention group exhibited greater improvement in drug avoidance than did those in the control group from the 6-month follow-up on (range of difference = 1.21–1.65; P < .001). We observed no intervention effect on heroin use as measured by urinalysis. Conclusions. This intervention targeting CHWs could lead to desired outcomes for both CHWs and PWID. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT0213092.1
Childcare Providers’ Possession or Use of Marijuana, Tobacco, or Alcohol While Caring for Children: A Comparison of US State Regulations
Authors: Grossman Elyse R. , Gonzalez-Nahm Sarah , Frost Natasha , Benjamin-Neelon Sara E. 
Published: April 2018

Objectives. To evaluate US state regulations regarding marijuana, tobacco, and alcohol to determine the extent to which states attempt to govern these substances in early care and education (ECE) settings. Methods. Two independent reviewers assessed regulations enacted by December 2016 for all states and the District of Columbia. Reviewers compared regulations to national standards on the possession or use of marijuana, tobacco, and alcohol in ECE settings. Results. Fewer states regulated marijuana than tobacco or alcohol in ECE settings. More states restricted the use of these 3 substances than they restricted the possession of them. Conclusions. Most states address alcohol or tobacco possession or use in their regulations but should consider updating these provisions to align with national standards. Public Health Implications. Updating and strengthening state childcare regulations regarding marijuana, tobacco, and alcohol possession and use may help protect children in ECE settings, where many children spend a substantial portion of time. As more states legalize marijuana, they may consider updating their regulations and including precise language to better protect children from unintended pediatric marijuana exposure or impaired childcare providers.
Treatment of Brachymetatarsia Involving the Great Toe
Authors: Kim Hui Taek , Hong Sung Min , Kim In Hee 
Published: April 2018

Background:
Brachymetatarsia is usually treated by lengthening the metatarsals, but excessive lengthening can be associated with complications. Our technique combines 1-stage step-cut lengthening of the first metatarsal with shortening and/or lengthening of the neighboring metatarsals and/or phalanges.

Methods:
Twenty-four feet (15 patients) were treated for first-ray brachymetatarsia. Widely available commercial image-editing software was used to make a preoperative plan for each patient, with emphasis on the creation of a cosmetically satisfying toe-length arc with minimum shortening and lengthening of the affected metatarsals and proximal phalanges. Length gain and percentage increase were also recorded postoperatively. The American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) hallux metatarsophalangeal-interphalangeal scoring system was used for clinical evaluation.

Results:
In all 24 feet, smooth parabolas were created at the level of the metatarsal heads and at the toe tips. All patients showed osseous union, and no complications were noted. However, most patients showed mildly restricted range of motion of the first metatarsophalangeal joint. The mean AOFAS score of the hallux significantly improved from 88.3 preoperatively to 98.1 at the latest follow-up (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:
One-stage step-cut lengthening of the first metatarsal combined with shortening and/or lengthening of the adjacent metatarsal and phalangeal bones provides excellent cosmetic and functional results.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
A High-throughput Quantitative Expression Analysis of Cancer-related Genes in Human HepG2 Cells in Response to Limonene, a Potential Anticancer Agent
Authors: Hafidh Rand R. , Hussein Saba Z. , MalAllah Mohammed Q. , Abdulamir Ahmed S. , Abu Bakar Fatimah 
Published: April 2018

Background:
Citrus bioactive compounds, as active anticancer agents, have been under
focus by several studies worldwide. However, the underlying genes responsible for the anticancer
potential have not been sufficiently highlighted.

Objectives:
The current study investigated the gene expression profile of hepatocellular carcinoma,
HepG2, cells after treatment with Limonene.

Methods:
The concentration that killed 50% of HepG2 cells was used to elucidate the genetic
mechanisms of limonene anticancer activity. The apoptotic induction was detected by flow cytometry
and confocal fluorescence microscope. Two of the pro-apoptotic events, caspase-3 activation and
phosphatidylserine translocation were manifested by confocal fluorescence microscopy. Highthroughput
real-time PCR was used to profile 1023 cancer-related genes in 16 different gene families
related to the cancer development.

Results:
In comparison to untreated cells, limonene increased the percentage of apoptotic cells up to
89.61%, by flow cytometry, and 48.2% by fluorescence microscopy. There was a significant limonene-
driven differential gene expression of HepG2 cells in 15 different gene families. Limonene
was shown to significantly (>2log) up-regulate and down-regulate 14 and 59 genes, respectively.
The affected gene families, from the most to the least affected, were apoptosis induction, signal
transduction, cancer genes augmentation, alteration in kinases expression, inflammation, DNA damage
repair, and cell cycle proteins.

Conclusion:
The current study reveals that limonene could be a promising, cheap, and effective
anticancer compound. The broad spectrum of limonene anticancer activity is interesting for anticancer
drug development. Further research is needed to confirm the current findings and to examine the
anticancer potential of limonene along with underlying mechanisms on different cell lines.
QSAR Study of Some 1,3-Oxazolylphosphonium Derivatives as New Potent Anti-Candida Agents and Their Toxicity Evaluation
Authors: Trush Maria M. , Kovalishyn Vasyl , Ocheretniuk Alla D. , Kobzar Oleksandr L. , Kachaeva Maryna V. , Brovarets Volodymyr S. , Metelytsia Larisa O. 
Published: April 2018

Background:
The incidence of invasive fungal infections caused by Candida spp. has
increased continuously in recent decades, especially in populations of immunocompromised patients or
individuals hospitalized with serious underlying diseases. Therefore, the goal of our study was the
search for new potent Candida albicans inhibitors via the development of QSAR models that could
speed up this search process. A number of the most promising 1,3-oxazol-4-yltriphenylphosphonium
derivatives with predicted activities were synthesized and experimentally tested. Furthermore, the
toxicity of the studied compounds was determined in vitro using acetylcholinesterase enzyme as a
biological marker.

Methods:
The classification QSAR models were created using Random Forests (WEKA-RF), k-Nearest
Neighbors and Associative Neural Networks methods and different combinations of descriptors on the
Online Chemical Modeling Environment (OCHEM) platform. Аntifungal properties of the investigated
compounds were performed using standard disk diffusion method. The enzyme inhibitory action of the
compounds was determined by modified Ellman's method using acetylcholinesterase from the electric
organ of Electrophorus electricus.

Results:
Three classification QSAR models were developed by the WEKA-RF, k-NN and ASNN
methods using the ALogPS, E-State indices and Dragon v.7 descriptors. The predictive ability of the
models was tested through cross-validation, giving a balanced accuracy BA = 80-91%. All compounds
demonstrated good antifungal properties against Candida spp. and slight inhibition of the
acetylcholinesterase activity.

Conclusion:
The high percentage of coincidence between the QSAR predictions and the experimental
results confirmed the high predictive power of the developed QSAR models that can be applied as tools
for finding new potential inhibitors against Candida spp. Furthermore, 1,3-oxazol-4-
yl(triphenyl)phosphonium salts could be considered as promising candidates for the treatment of
candidiasis and the disinfection of medical equipment.
Período de decaimento em diferentes temperaturas do agrotóxico metil paration em uvas
Authors: Oliveira Claudia Cristina Machado de Figueiredo , Moura Claudia Melo , Ferreira Maria de Fátima Alves , Silva Filho (in memoriam) Moacelio Veranio , Oliveira Manildo Marcião , Faria Mauro Velho de Castro 
Published: April 2018

O objetivo deste estudo foi de avaliar as curvas de decaimento do inseticida metil paration em película e polpa de uvas, variedade itália, contaminadas em laboratório e armazenadas em condições ambiente e em refrigeração. Foi determinado o teor residual de metil paration após contaminação de uvas com várias concentrações do agrotóxico. Após 2 horas em solução foram retiradas, deixadas secar ao ambiente, seguindo a extração com solvente orgânico e detectado por método enzimático utilizando preparação de acetilcolinesterase (AChE). Foram analisadas da uva: película e polpa em diferentes condições de temperatura (ambiente e refrigerada). No primeiro caso, a meia vida é de 9-11 dias em contaminações iniciais acima de 10 ppm e de 3-4 dias quando os resíduos iniciais foram de 2 ppm. Sob refrigeração (8oC), a meia vida, em contaminações mais elevadas, chegou a valores acima de 40 dias, mas decaindo, também, em contaminações iniciais na faixa de 2 ppm. O decaimento pode demorar mais que três vezes o tempo quando esta fruta é armazenada sob refrigeração. O método enzimático com a acetilcolinesterase pode ser empregado, com grande eficiência, no estudo de agrotóxicos organofosforados em alimentos.
DOES PRICE COMMODITY PALM OIL, RUBBER AND NON PERFORMING LOAN (NPL) AFFECT ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE
Authors: Lubis Tona Aurora , Machpuddin Asep , Muharya Agil 
Published: April 2018

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of commodity prices of rubber and palm oil, as well as Non Performing Loan (NPL) on financial performance (return on assets (ROA)) PT. Bank BRI Agro Tbk, either partially or simultaneously. Data used is secondary data, where data commodity prices of rubber and palm oil obtained from the Directorate General of Plantation while data on financial performance (return on assets (ROA)) obtained from the Annual report 2015 AGRO Bank BRI. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression techniques. Results of statistical t test proves that partially price of rubber and palm oil does not significantly to influence of financial performance Bank BRI Agro Tbk, while NPL significant effect on financial performance Bank BRI Agro, Tbk. Results of statistical F test proves that simultaneously the price of rubber and palm oil as well as NPL has significant impact on financial performance. Bank BRI Agro, Tbk. The results of the study has implications for efforts to reduce the NPL ratio while maintaining the bank's function as intermediary (prudence) in extending credit, especially in the agricultural sector to reduce the high value of NPL (non-performing loans), considering the contribution of NPL sizeable influence on the financial performance of banks.
Keywords: Price of palm oil, Price of rubber, Non Performing Loan (NPL), financial performance
Crossing the Blood-Brain Barrier by Neuroinvasive Pathogens
Authors: Tkáčová Z. , Káňová E. , Jiménez-Munguía I. , Čomor Ľ. , Širochmanová I. , Bhide K. , Bhide M. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The penetration of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and invasion of the central nervous system (CNS) are important steps for all neuroinvasive pathogens. All of the ways of pathogens passing through the BBB are still unclear. Among known pathways, pathogen traversal can occur paracellularly, transcellularly or using a “Trojan horse” mechanism. The first step of translocation across the BBB is the interactions of the pathogen’s ligands with the receptors of the host brain cells. Lyme disease, the most common vector-borne disease in the temperate zones of Europe and North America, are caused by Borreliella species (former Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato) that affects the peripheral and the CNS. In this review, we have presented various pathogen interactions with endothelial cells, which allow the disruption of the BBB so that the pathogens can pass across the BBB.
Surgical treatment of preschool childhood spinal thoracic tuberculosis: two case reports and technical note
Authors: Erdem Mehmet Nuri , Abdallah Anas , Karaca Sinan , Aydoğan Mehmet 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBackground: The development of paraplegia and kyphosis are two important problems related to spinal tuberculosis (Pott’s disease) in children. The current study aims to present two pediatric Pott’s disease, point out the progression of this disease in children, surgical options and surgical outcomes.Materials and methods: Two cases of childhood Pott’s disease were referred to our department with progressive neurological deficits (both of children were experienced bilateral weakness in lower extremities; grade C according to Frankel scale) during short periods (less than one month per each). Both cases’ MRIs are demonstrated abscesses in thoracic spine. Both patients are treated surgically. We discussed in this study the technical notes in both cases, especially in 2- year-old child.Results: Both cases were treated surgically after decompressing nerve roots and thecal sac posterior instrumentation was applied. Microbiological examination of both samples revealed on M.Tuberculosis. Orthoses are applied three months after operations. Antituberculosis medication protocol was applied. Preoperative paraparesis had recovered completely and muscle strengths all returned to normal in both children. There is no loss of correction during the follow-up periods.Conclusion: Spinal tuberculosis is a dynamic disease that may lead to severe deformities in childhood. Especially in cases where two or more vertebrae are affected, early surgical treatment is essential to prevent severe kyphosis. Surgical intervention accompanied with antituberculosis medications protocol is essential to cure treatment in pediatric population. In children aged ≤6 years and more than one vertebrae were affected, fıbula can be used to allow growth of the child vertebral column.