bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Compression-Assisted Arthrocentesis of the Knee as a Quality Improvement Intervention
Authors: Bennett James F. , Sibbitt Wilmer L. , Band Philip A. , Yaqub Sabeen , Emil N. Suzanne , Fangtham Monthida , Fields Roderick A. , Hayward William A. , Kettwich Selma D. , Bankhurst Arthur D. 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe present study reports the introduction of mechanical compression of the knee for arthrocentesis as quality improvement intervention in a procedure clinic.Methods430 consecutive symptomatic osteoarthritic knees underwent arthrocentesis followed by corticosteroid injection (1mg/kg of triamcinolone acetonide). The first 215 consecutive knees underwent conventional arthrocentesis and injection; the quality intervention of a mechanical compression brace was introduced, and the next 215 consecutive knees underwent mechanical compression-assisted arthrocentesis follow by injection. Pain scores, arthrocentesis success, fluid yield, time-to-next-intervention, injections/year, and medical costs were measured.ResultsNo serious adverse events occurred in 430 subjects. Diagnostic synovial fluid (≥2 ml) was obtained in 9.3% (20/215) without compression and 40.9% (88/215) with compression (p=0.00001, z for 95% CI= 1.96, Pierson). Mechanical compression was associated with a 231% increase in mean arthrocentesis volume: compression 5.3±11.2 ml, conventional 1.6±6.4 ml (CI of difference 2.0 <3.7< 5.4; p=0.00001). Time-to-next-intervention after compression-assisted arthrocentesis was longer: 6.9±3.5 months compared to conventional: 5.1±2.7 months (p<0.00001, 95% CI of difference 1.2 <1.8< 2.3). Mechanical compression was associated with a reduction in the number of corticosteroid injections administered per year: mechanical compression: 1.7±0.9 injections/year; conventional: 2.4±0.5 injections/year (p<0.00001, 95% CI of difference −0.83 < −0.70< −0.56). Mechanical compression did not increase overall yearly costs associated with management of the symptomatic knee (mechanical compression: $293.30/year/knee, conventional: $373.29/year/knee) (p<0.0001, 95% CI of difference 47 <80< 112).ConclusionsRoutine mechanical compression of the knee for arthrocentesis and injection is an effective bioengineering quality improvement intervention in a procedure clinic.
Evaluating effectiveness of rainfall index insurance
Authors: Zhou Rui , Li Johnny Siu-Hang , Pai Jeffrey 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the reduction of crop yield uncertainty using rainfall index insurances. The insurance payouts are determined by a transparent rainfall index rather than actual crop yield of any producer, thereby circumventing problems of adverse selection and moral hazard. The authors consider insurances on rainfall indexes of various months and derive an optimal insurance portfolio that minimizes the income variance for a crop producer.

Design/methodology/approach
Various regression models are considered to relate crop yield to monthly mean temperature and monthly cumulative precipitation. A bootstrapping method is used to simulate weather indexes and corn yield in a future year with the correlation between precipitation and temperature incorporated. Based on the simulated scenarios, the optimal insurance portfolio that minimizes the income variance for a crop producer is obtained. In addition, the impact of correlation between temperature and precipitation, availability of temperature index insurance and geographical basis risk on the effectiveness of rainfall index insurance is examined.

Findings
The authors illustrate the approach with the corn yield in Illinois east crop reporting district and weather data of a city in the same district. The analysis shows that corn yield in this district is negatively influenced by excessive precipitation in May and drought in June–August. Rainfall index insurance portfolio can reduce the income variance by up to 51.84 percent. Failing to incorporate the correlation between temperature and precipitation decreases variance reduction by 11.6 percent. The presence of geographical basis risk decreases variance reduction by a striking 24.11 percent. Allowing for the purchase of both rainfall and temperature index insurances increases variance reduction by 13.67 percent.

Originality/value
By including precipitation shortfall into explanatory variables, the extended crop yield model explains more fluctuation in crop yield than existing models. The authors use a bootstrapping method instead of complex parametric models to simulate weather indexes and crop yield for a future year and assess the effectiveness of rainfall index insurance. The optimal insurance portfolio obtained provides insights on the practical development of rainfall insurance for corn producers, from the selection of triggering index to the demand of the insurance.
Value-added statement as a trigger to organizational unlearning
Authors: Sharma Shubham , Lenka Usha 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
Organizational unlearning is easier said than done. Organizations are usually not cognizant of the ripe time to start questioning and discarding their existing paradigms and past success formulas. This paper aims to recommend the use of a financial metric, i.e. value-added statement, as a trigger to unlearning in organizations.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper uses a review of existing literature on organizational unlearning to highlight that although prescriptive studies on unlearning are abundant, “how” and “when” organizations should contemplate and discard the obsolete knowledge and routines is still inconspicuous.

Findings
Value-added statement is an adequate reporting measure that incorporates the contribution of organization toward not only its shareholders but also other stakeholders such as employees, providers of long-term finance, government, and public. It supplements income statement and provides an insight of how organizations are serving its interest groups. A decline in value addition by an organization in a reporting period can serve as a trigger to question the existing practices and break organization’s over-dependence on “one size fits all” approach.

Originality/value
Unlearning is considered as a means to attain financial performance in an organization. This paper attempts to recommend a financial metric which incorporates the economic, social, and environmental aspects of business, i.e. value-added statement. The rationale for not recommending other financial metrics as a trigger for unlearning is based on grounds of possible manipulation. Moreover, these financial statements are affected by legal, political, and economic context of a nation.
Waiting for politics at the mercy of river: case study of an enduring community
Authors: Bari Sarwar 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to highlight the power of protest in quasi-democratic politics and feudal societies; consider deep-rooted impacts of illiteracy, inequality, marginalisation and powerlessness on poor peoples’ behaviour; and analyse how these turn them to believe in fatalism.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper narrates 12 years of work with isolated and poor communities, which are prone to annual flooding and riverbank erosion. Reflections are based on the years of NGOs’ workers experiences and conclusions.

Findings
Poor governance stems from deep-rooted multiple inequalities – land/resources, religious knowledge, education, social hierarchies, cultural norms and political power. This leads to fatalism which deters the poor from making the powerful accountable. An outside catalyst is essential to break the ice. Disasters do create opportunities to act against injustices.

Research limitations/implications
The paper narrates 12 years of work with isolated and poor communities which are prone to annual flooding and riverbank erosion.

Practical implications
The old community is gone. The Ahmadies constitutionally declared non-Muslims have rebuilt their village. Meanwhile, other families have gone elsewhere. They may have a house of sorts but are landless and have no sustainable income. With spurs, the river may go back and leave their land. Reclaiming their land will be a huge task.

Social implications
There is a serious need to link civil society based in urban centres with those who live in remote areas, isolated and oppressed, in order to transform a quasi-democracy into a participatory and social democracy.

Originality/value
When floods hit, erosion accelerates and makes people homeless and landless. Yet, erosion is not considered a disaster. The country lacks public policy to address the issue. This study highlights of the urgent issue of riverbank erosion that could shift policy.
A systematic approach for public-private partnership projects CSFs evaluation
Authors: Wang Liping , Zhang Pu , Zhang Pei , Li Rongbo , Zhang Yanke , Wu Yueqiu 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
Public–private partnership (PPP) projects are increasingly significant in many countries. The purpose of this paper is to assess the impact of critical success factors (CSFs) on PPP projects and comprehensively consider the interrelations and interaction among dimensions and factors to achieve a better understanding of PPP project management.

Design/methodology/approach
An evaluation index system for PPP projects such as the presented case study is proposed based on a literature review and a survey. Then, interpretative structural modeling is used to transform the CSFs dimension into a multi-level hierarchical model to reflect the driven-dependency relation of each dimension; the fuzzy analytic network process model optimized by moment estimation theory is used to investigate the impact of CSFs by considering their internal impact.

Findings
Regarding the project used as the case study, the driving force and dependence for driving layer and dependent layer are determined. Moreover, in driving layer, efficient and well-structured payment mechanism is the most important CSF if considering the internship and interaction among CSFs, and efficient and well-structured payment mechanism and good governance provide most positive interaction; in dependent layer, population of beneficiaries is the most important CSF if considering the internship and interaction among CSFs, and public client’s satisfaction provides most positive interaction.

Originality/value
This paper developed an evaluation model to explore the interrelationships of dimensions and factors and then determine the impact of CSFs. The model propose in this paper relaxes the independence assumptions of traditional methods and is more in line with reality; besides, weighting method is optimized to obtain more objective and reasonable evaluation results. Through an empirical study, the validity of the model has been verified; therefore, the study can help project stakeholders better understand the CSFs and further improve project performance.
Searching for the “sacred cow”: a conceptual analysis of the term in nursing literature
Authors: Hallyburton Ann , Biswas Paromita 
Published: August 2018

PurposeThe idiom “sacred cow” is problematic due to its inaccuracy and cultural insensitivity. The purpose of this paper is to examine the term’s meaning within the nursing literature, describe connotations in religious contexts, explore subject headings applied to research using the phrase, and discuss alternative terminology.Design/methodology/approachThis paper employs Rodgers’ evolutionary concept analysis methodology to identify the concept “sacred cow” and surrogate terms, collect and analyze sample articles and headings, explore an exemplary case, and look for concept implications.FindingsThe term “sacred cow” appears frequently in the healthcare literature, particularly within the nursing literature. Its meaning within this literature pertains primarily to practices not supported by empirical evidence and performed to maintain a status quo. Headings applied to the relevant literature do not describe this concept, and more accurate headings could not be found within widely used controlled vocabularies.Research limitations/implications“Sacred cow” is an inaccurate descriptor for practices not supported by evidence as these practices do not usually apply to holiness or cattle. The term’s implied meaning comes only when viewed within a context satirizing beliefs considered as “other.”Originality/valueThis paper appears to be the first to methodically explore the concept of “sacred cow” within the nursing literature. The paper breaks ground in proposing solutions for the lack of applicable controlled vocabulary. By exploring these topics, it is hoped future authors use more accurate, culturally neutral terminology when discussing non-evidence-based practices and indexers increase discoverability by using more descriptive headings.
Challenges for an SNS-based public sphere in 2016
Authors: Lorenzano Kyle John , Sari Miles , Storm Colin Harrell , Rhodes Samuel , Borah Porismita 
Published: August 2018

PurposePolitical polarization and incivility manifested itself online throughout the 2016 US presidential election. The purpose of this paper is to understand how features of social media platforms (e.g. reacting, sharing) impacted the online public sphere during the 2016 election.Design/methodology/approachAfter conducting in-depth interviews with politically interested young people and applying deductive coding procedures to transcripts of the interviews, Dahlberg’s (2004) six normative conditions for the public sphere were used to empirically examine this interview data.FindingsWhile some participants described strategies for productive political discussion on Social Networking Sites (SNS) and a willingness to use them to discuss politics, many users’ experiences largely fall short of Dahlberg’s (2004) normative criteria for the public sphere.Research limitations/implicationsThe period in which these interviews were conducted in could have contributed to a more pessimistic view of political discussion in general.Practical implicationsScholars and the public should recognize that the affordances of SNS for political discussion are not distributed evenly between different platforms, both for the sake of empirical studies of SNS moving forward and the state of democratic deliberation.Originality/valueAlthough previous research has examined online and SNS-based political discussion as it relates to the public sphere, few attempts have been made understand how specific communicative practices or platform-specific features of SNS have contributed to or detracted from a healthy public sphere.
Adolescent adjustment to maternal cancer: an interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA)
Authors: Rodriguez Leonor , Groarke Ann Marie , Dolan Pat , MacNeela Padraig 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
As an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), the purpose of this paper is to provide an in-depth understanding of adolescent experiences of maternal cancer to identify the individual and contextual factors that shape adolescent experiences and evaluates the potential applicability of the Family Ecology Model to the illness context.

Design/methodology/approach
This analysis is focussed on three female adolescents who completed semi-structured interviews, which were subjected to IPA. Maternal illness is a challenge for adolescents, which can be improved or undermined by their contexts. The analysis yielded three sub-themes: family structure, social supports, experiencing maternal cancer at a time of transition and the lasting impact of cancer.

Findings
This study found that adolescent experiences of maternal cancer depend on their contexts from an ecological perspective the type and quality of adolescent interactions determine coping and adjustment. Maternal cancer can be difficult as adolescents are already facing specific developmental challenges. Future research can benefit from adopting an ecological perspective to further understand adolescent experiences to support adolescent that may be more vulnerable and benefit from additional supports. This is not a generalisable piece of research but it provides a very deep and detailed understanding of the impact of maternal cancer on adolescents’ developmental course and determines how the complexity of their contexts can serve as a risk or a protective factor at this challenging time.

Originality/value
This paper contributes to the body of research by providing a comprehensive understanding of adolescents facing maternal cancer. The Ecological Model supports the findings of this research and proves to be a good model to understand the complex interplay between adolescents and their environments when facing a difficult challenge like maternal cancer is.
Trump is Here to Stay
Authors: Birnbaum Norman 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe rest of the world worries about Trump's bellicosity, ignorance, and patronising arrogance. In the US he presents a clear and present danger to civility and democracy. His xenophobia and racism, his deep resentment of our educated elites and his ignorance of and contempt for much of our history mark his politics. He has found a supportive public, perhaps about 40 per cent of the electorate, in what the experts politely termed ‘low information voters’. Many are white working‐class citizens who think themselves left behind by the economy (rightly) and suffering disadvantages as compared to allegedly favoured immigrants, Afro‐Americans and Latinos. A large charge of anger at the independence of women accompanies this complex. Trump, schooled in the most vulgar aspects of television, keeps attention on his antics whilst a piratical gang of ideologues and political operatives staff his government. They are proceeding with systematic intensity to the destruction of our regulatory state and the eventual destruction of our welfare state. Perhaps the special prosecutor will bring down Trump; perhaps we face a severe constitutional crisis as he defies the juridical system. Trumpism will not disappear with Trump. He has brought to the centre of our politics the entire spectrum of our social pathologies, has seized the Republican party and neutralised a Democratic party which cannot quite escape nostalgia for its better day and is, above all, incapable of presenting solutions to the twenty‐first century problems of the nation.
Alcohol outlet density and alcohol related hospital admissions in England: a national small‐area level ecological study
Authors: Maheswaran Ravi , Green Mark A. , Strong Mark , Brindley Paul , Angus Colin , Holmes John 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackground and aimsExcessive alcohol consumption has a substantial impact on public health services. A key element determining alcohol availability is alcohol outlet density. This study investigated the relationship between on‐trade and off‐trade outlets and hospital admission rates in local neighbourhoods.DesignNational small‐area level ecological study.Setting and participantsAll 32 482 lower layer super output census areas (LSOAs) in England (42 227 108 million people aged 15+ years). Densities for six outlet categories (outlets within a 1‐km radius of residential postcode centroids, averaged for all postcodes within each LSOA) were calculated.MeasurementsMain outcome measures were admissions due to acute or chronic conditions wholly or partially attributable to alcohol consumption from 2002/03 to 2013/14.FindingsThere were 1 007 137 admissions wholly, and 2 153 874 admissions partially, attributable to alcohol over 12 years. After adjustment for confounding, higher densities of on‐trade outlets (pubs, bars and nightclubs; restaurants licensed to sell alcohol; other on‐trade outlets) and convenience stores were associated with higher admission rate ratios for acute and chronic wholly attributable conditions. For acute wholly attributable conditions, admission rate ratios were 13% (95% confidence interval = 11–15%), 9% (7–10%), 12% (10–14%) and 10% (9–12%) higher, respectively, in the highest relative to the lowest density categories by quartile. For chronic wholly attributable conditions, rate ratios were 22% (21–24%), 9% (7–11%), 19% (17–21%) and 7% (6–9%) higher, respectively. Supermarket density was associated with modestly higher acute and chronic admissions but other off‐trade outlet density was associated only with higher admissions for chronic wholly attributable conditions. For partially attributable conditions, there were no strong patterns of association with outlet densities.ConclusionsIn England, higher densities of several categories of alcohol outlets appear to be associated with higher hospital admission rates for conditions wholly attributable to alcohol consumption.
Dermoscopy improves diagnostic accuracy for clinically amelanotic nodules
Authors: Lin Matthew J , Xie Charles , Pan Yan , Jalilian Chris , Kelly John W 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesAmelanotic nodular melanomas are notoriously difficult to diagnose and are responsible for a disproportionate burden of melanoma mortality. It is important to distinguish them from other amelanotic nodules. This study aimed to describe the dermoscopic features of a series of nodular melanomas and other amelanotic nodules and to determine whether dermoscopy improves diagnostic accuracy.MethodRetrospective analysis of 150 clinically amelanotic nodules with macroscopic and dermoscopic images.ResultsIn terms of classifying the nodules as malignant, dermoscopy was superior to unaided eye (specificity 89%; 95% CI 71–98% vs 67%; 95% CI 46–83%, P = 0.03). Dermoscopy enhanced sensitivity for the diagnosis of both amelanotic melanoma and SCC. In 19% of cases, using dermoscopy, the most likely diagnosis was changed from incorrect to correct. This included 26% of amelanotic melanomas which had a macroscopic misdiagnosis overturned to the correct diagnosis. Polymorphous vascular structures were more common in malignant nodules. 76% of amelanotic melanomas/Merkel cell carcinomas had polymorphous vessels compared with 38% of SCCs/KAs/BCCs and 22% of benign nodules (P < 0.001).ConclusionDermoscopy improves diagnostic accuracy for amelanotic melanomas and other amelanotic nodules. Although dermoscopy improves diagnostic accuracy for amelanotic melanomas, these aggressive melanomas remain diagnostically difficult.
ACS in children with sickle cell anaemia in Uganda: prevalence, presentation and aetiology
Authors: Ochaya Odong , Hume Heather , Bugeza Sam , Bwanga Freddie , Byanyima Rosemary , Kisembo Harriet , Tumwine James K. 
Published: August 2018

SummaryACS (ACS) is a serious complication of sickle cell anaemia (SCA). We set out to describe the burden, presentation and organisms associated with ACS amongst children with SCA attending Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda. In a cross‐sectional study, 256 children with SCA and fever attending Mulago Hospital were recruited. Chest X‐rays, blood cultures, complete blood count and sputum induction were performed. Sputum samples were investigated by Ziehl‐Nielsen staining, culture and DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Chlamydia pneumoniae. Of the 256 children, 22·7% had ACS. Clinical and laboratory findings were not significantly different between children with ACS and those without, besides cough and abnormal signs on auscultation. Among the 83 sputum cultures Streptococcus pneumoniae (12%) and Moraxella spp (8%), were the commonest. Of the 59 sputa examined with DNA PCR, 59·3% were positive for Chlamydia pneumoniae. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was isolated in 6/83 sputa. These results show that one in 5 SCA febrile children had ACS. There were no clinical and laboratory characteristics of ACS, but cough and abnormalities on auscultation were associated with ACS. The high prevalence of Chlamydia pneumoniae in children with ACS in this setting warrants the addition of macrolides to treatment, and M. tuberculosis should be differential in sub‐Saharan children with ACS.