bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phrenic Nerve Damage After Atrial Fibrillation Ablation Using Second Generation Cryoballoon
Authors: YORGUN Hikmet , ŞENER Yusuf Ziya , OKŞUL Metin , CANPOLAT Uğur , EVRANOS Banu , ATEŞ Ahmet Hakan , AYTEMİR Kudret 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Objective:
Cryoballoon (CB) ablation is a safe alternative to radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). However, phrenic nerve damage (PND) is a bothersome complication of the procedure. In this study, we aimed to establish the incidence of PND during CB and define the characteristics of affected patients.
Material & Methods:
In this retrospective analysis, all patients with AF that underwent CB ablation between 2013 and 2018 were included into the study. Characteristics and outcomes of patients complicated with PND were evaluated. PNP was detected by palpation of diaphragma contractions or observation of reduced diaphragma motility by fluoroscopy during the procedure.
Results:
Totally 653 patients were included in the study. PND was detected in 3.5% (23/653) of the patients. Median age of the patients with PNP was 56 (25-78) years and 10 patients (43.4 %) were male. The most common ablation site related with PND was RSPV (18 patients, 78%). Transient PND was observed in 16 patients (69%) of the patients which resolved within 24 hours after the procedure. In the remaining 5 patients (21%) diaphragmatic contraction was recovered at the 6th month control visit. In 2 patients (10%), phrenic nerve paralysis was still present >1 year visit
Conclusion:
PND is not a rare complication of CB ablation despite all the preventive maneuvers during the procedure and technological developments. However, most of the PND recovered during the follow-up.
Type II Diabetes Mellitus Prolongs Rocuronium Induced Neuromuscular Blockade Irrespective Of Glycaemic Control
Authors: Şahin Aysun , Ankay Yılbaş Aysun , Pamuk A.Gülsün , Akça Başak , Üzümcügil Filiz , Çelebi Nalan 
Published: March 2019

Objective: Recovery from neuromuscular blockade could be delayed and the risk of postoperative residual neuromuscular blockade (RNMB) could be an important anesthetic consideration in diabetic patients undergoing general anesthesia due to decreased nerve conduction velocity. The aim of this study was to analyse the recovery from rocuronium and the risk of postoperative RNMB in type-II diabetic patients undergoing general anesthesia with sevoflurane.

Materials and Methods: The patients undergoing general anesthesia with sevoflurane and rocuronium for abdominal surgery were included in this prospective observational study between December 2014 - May 2015. After rocuronium injection; time to reappearance of T1, T2, T3 and T4 and time to reaching TOF ratios of 0.7 and 0.9 were recorded. For detecting RNMB, TOF ratios were recorded in the postoperative care unit at 5th and 10th minutes of arrival. The correlation between glycemic control and the risk of RNMB was also evaluated via glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels.

Results: A total of 82 patients (Group DM: 48 patients, Group non-DM: 34 patients) were included. The groups were comparable according to demographic data and other characteristics that can effect neuromuscular blockade. Times to reappearance of T1, T2, T3, T4 and to reaching a TOF ratio of 0.9 were significantly longer in Group DM. Although there was no difference between the TOF ratios at the arrival to the postoperative care unit, TOF ratios of Group DM were significantly lower at 5th and 10th minutes at postoperative care unit. Poor glycaemic control was found not to affect the risk of RNMB.

Conclusion: Even in the absence of known neurologic complications; the neuromuscular blockade effect of rocuronium is longer and the risk of RNMB is higher in type-II diabetic patients irrespective of the degree of glycaemic control.

Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Rocuronium, Residual Neuromuscular Blockade
PREVALENCE OF ABO AND RHESUS BLOOD GROUPS IN BLOOD DONORS. A STUDY FROM A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL S.V.R.R.GOVT. GENERAL HOSPITAL IN RAYALASEEMA REGION OF ANDHRA PRADESH, TIRUPATI.
Authors: Lakshmi Vijay , Palla Dr. Durga Prasad , Babu Dr. D Surendra , Sekhar Dr. Chittooru Chandra 
Published: March 2019

Back ground: The ABO and Rhesus –D blood group are the major blood group systems. The frequency of four main blood group systems varies in population throughout the world and even in different parts of the country. ABO & Rh blood group antigens play a Vital role in immunologic safety of whole blood and blood component transfusion and also useful in population genetic studies, in resolving medico legal issues.
Aim: This study is aimed to document the frequency and distribution pattern of ABO and Rh among blood donors in S.V.R.R.Govt. General Hospital, Tirupati.
Study Design: It is a retrospective record based study carried out at Model blood bank S.V.R.R.Govt. General Hospital Tirupati from January 2014 to December 2015.
Material and Methods: The study was conducted on 13,040 donors. ABO and Rh typing was done by using slide agglutination method with antisera ABO and Rh (tulip Diag). Doubtful cases were confirmed by tube agglutination method and reverse grouping by using pooled A& B cells. The age group and sex of donors and frequency of ABO and Rh blood groups were reported in simple percentages.
Results: In the present study the most common blood group was ‘O’ 5505 (42.2%) and least common being AB 778 (5.96%). The prevalence of Rh positive and negative distribution in the study population is 12267(94.07%) and 773(5.93%) respectively. Predominant donors belonged to age group between 18-35 years (85.37 %).Male donors (97.88%) are common than female donors (2.12%) with ratio. Blood group frequency with respect to ABO and Rh was found to be O>B>A>AB.
Conclusion: O positive blood group is significantly high in our population while AB Iis least.. Blood donation by females appears to be low provably because of illiteracy, malnutrition and social taboo. So female donor need to be motivated for blood donation. Knowledge of frequencies of different blood groups is very important for blood banks and transfusion service polices for better use and good inventory of blood units.
Key words: Blood groups ABO, Rh
SIGNIFICANCE OF WHO MODIFIED PARTOGRAPH IN MANAGEMENT OF SPONTANEOUS LABOUR IN PRIMIGRAVIDAS
Authors: Singhal Dr. Manisha , Radheshyam Dr. , Sharma Dr. Savitri 
Published: March 2019

Introduction: The importance of partogram is to prevent the maternal and perinatal complications. The WHO has simplified the partogram for its use by skilled birth attendants.
Aims and Objectives: To study the progress and outcome of labour using modified WHO partogram in spontaneous labour in primigravidas.
Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study of 100 women primigravidas admitted to Jhalawar Medical College from November 2017 to October 2018 with spontaneous onset of labour at term with no high risk factors were recruited for the study using modified WHO Partogram.
Patients were divided into 3 groups –. Group 1- cervical dilatation and descent curve falling to the left of the alert line. Group 2- cervical dilatation and descent curve falling to the right of the alert line. Group 3 with women to right of action line was planned.
Results: Most women belonged to age group of 21-25 years. The mean gestational age was 38.2 weeks. In Group 1, the mean duration of active phase of first stage of labour was 4.52±0.10 hours, where as it was 5.94±1.46 hours in Group 2. In Group 2, the mean duration of second stage of labour was 45.44±1.94 mins but it was 34.42±16.41mins in Group 1study subjects. Mean rate of cervical dilatation is 1.2 cm/hr. Seventy seven percent had normal delivery, 11% had caesarean delivery and 12% had instrumental delivery. Augmentation was significantly higher in Group 2 (92.3%) than in Group 1 (67.8%). In the study group, there were no maternal and perinatal deaths.
Conclusion: The partograph is an inexpensive and easily accessible tool that can effectively monitor the progress of labour. The WHO simplified partograph is highly useful in identifying when to intervene and also reduces perinatal and maternal mishaps.
Keywords: WHO partogram, Alert line, Maternal outcome, Perinatal outcome
ANALYSIS OF COST VARIATION OF ANTI-CANCER DRUGS
Authors: Bhandari Prasan R. 
Published: March 2019

Introduction: Indian pharmaceutical industry being one of the largest pharmaceutical markets in the world has a large number of branded formulations and generic brands of the same drug with a large difference in their selling price. The study was planned to find out variation in cost of anti-cancer drugs
Methods: Information was sourced from NETMED MOBILE APP. The drug formulation being manufactured by only one company or being manufactured by different companies; however, in different strengths would be excluded. Difference in the maximum and minimum price of the same drug formulation manufactured by different pharmaceutical companies and percentage variation in price would be calculated.
Results: The maximum cost variation in the alkylating agents group was seen with Oxaliplatin 50mg/10ml (71.43%). In the antimetabolite group the maximum cost variation was seen in Gemicitabine 1000mg (357.67%). 68.7% cost variation was observed with Paclitaxel 30mg/5ml in the antimitotic natural products group. Doxorubicin 10mg/5ml showed the maximum cost variation in the cytotoxic antibiotic group as well amongst all the anticancer drugs. Within the targeted group imatinib 400mg showed the maximum cost variation i.e 505.20%.
Conclusion: Thus, this study highlights that there is a significant price difference among the anti-cancer drugs manufactured by different companies. Hence stringent measures should be brought into implementation by the government and concerned agencies for uniformity in drug pricing.
The Size of the State Sector of the Economy (Theoretical Approaches, Survey of Literature, Russian Experience)
Authors: Yanovsky K. 
Published: March 2019

The articles by the experts of the Association of Studies of Public Economics analyze the situation with firms of the state sector of the Russian economy along three directions:- qualitative analysis of Russian and foreign experience in governing the public sector of the economy;- institutional and legal analysis of state unitary enterprises (SUEs);- comparative statistical analysis of performance indicators of public and private firms in Russia.On the basis of Russian and foreign experience authors study unsuccessful attempts to create effective forms of state entrepreneurship, argue the impossibility to make positive incentives for managers within the system of "bureaucratic entrepreneurship" and the necessity to limit state intervention into economic activity by a small number of public goods which cannot be provided by markets. Authors give a number of examples of various forms of inefficient governance and misuse of public property in modern Russia. Authors study the evolution of the legal form of SUEs which was created in the Soviet-type economy, perspectives of its existence in the modern Russian legislation. They prove the contradictory nature of SUEs and make conclusion about the inevitability of transformation of this sector of the Russian economy. The results of performance indicators comparison of private and public enterprises are contradictory. Federal SUEs show significantly better results than private firms in return on sales, liquidity and financial stability though return on labor and capital (labor productivity and return on assets) is lower in the SUEs. At the same time corporations with a majority block of shares in the hands of the federal government (which are similar to the SUEs in many aspects) are the worst performers among all types of firms with state participation. Authors attempt to explain these contradictions.
Inefficiency of State Property Management (The Case of Large Enterprises)
Authors: Zhavoronkov S. 
Published: March 2019

The articles by the experts of the Association of Studies of Public Economics analyze the situation with firms of the state sector of the Russian economy along three directions:- qualitative analysis of Russian and foreign experience in governing the public sector of the economy;- institutional and legal analysis of state unitary enterprises (SUEs);- comparative statistical analysis of performance indicators of public and private firms in Russia.On the basis of Russian and foreign experience authors study unsuccessful attempts to create effective forms of state entrepreneurship, argue the impossibility to make positive incentives for managers within the system of "bureaucratic entrepreneurship" and the necessity to limit state intervention into economic activity by a small number of public goods which cannot be provided by markets. Authors give a number of examples of various forms of inefficient governance and misuse of public property in modern Russia. Authors study the evolution of the legal form of SUEs which was created in the Soviet-type economy, perspectives of its existence in the modern Russian legislation. They prove the contradictory nature of SUEs and make conclusion about the inevitability of transformation of this sector of the Russian economy. The results of performance indicators comparison of private and public enterprises are contradictory. Federal SUEs show significantly better results than private firms in return on sales, liquidity and financial stability though return on labor and capital (labor productivity and return on assets) is lower in the SUEs. At the same time corporations with a majority block of shares in the hands of the federal government (which are similar to the SUEs in many aspects) are the worst performers among all types of firms with state participation. Authors attempt to explain these contradictions.
The Economic Role of Civil Society
Authors: Auzan A. , Tambovtsev V. 
Published: March 2019

The paper is devoted to the analysis of civil society's positive influence on any country's economic development. In addition to well-known arguments, at least two extra mechanisms exist: civil society organizations produce goods that other organizations (business and public) don't; civil society organizations increase the bargaining power of citizens in their interaction with business and state and enhance the resource allocation efficiency.
Analysis of Economic Activity: The Approaches of Social Psychology
Authors: Surkov S. 
Published: March 2019

The article is devoted to the description and analysis of the results of empirical research of economic activity, based upon methods of social psychology. The author introduces and employs such concepts as household efficiency, return on organization, etc., and considers the interconnections between the parameters of economic activity and social-psychological characteristics of individuals and households. Such a technique helps to take into account social-psychological factors of economic activity and forecast different economic phenomena.
Industry Innovations: Development versus Adaptation
Authors: Gonchar K. 
Published: March 2019

The paper addresses the problem of the technological standard and innovations in Russian manufacturing companies. It is based on the most recent firm level data. The analysis shows that the industry is seriously segmented in this respect. Empirical analysis proves that the technological standard and innovations are closely linked to productivity growth and competitive stand of enterprises. In turn they depend on company size, quality of management, finances of the firm. The innovation activity is higher than expected, though only a minor portion of firms targets international market, few innovate nation-wide. We discuss that opposing technological upgrade to product innovation and adapted products to originally designed ones is misleading. In real business these processes are interrelated, happen consistently, almost always require in house development. In the end some policy advice based on the results of the study are provided.
Economics of Happiness as an Academic Research Discipline
Authors: Antipina O. 
Published: March 2019

The article contains a review of the contemporary research in the field of economics of happiness. Economics of happiness deals with correlation between the subjective notion of well-being and happiness with ones life (happiness level) and economic indicators. The author considers the correlation of economic and noneconomic factors. The last ones — such as education and health — also affect the level of happiness. The author dwells upon the following questions: research methodology in economics of happiness, correlation between subjective notion of well-being and happiness with ones life and economic performance on micro- and macrolevels.
Paramedic Health Status, Fitness and Physical Tasks: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Sheridan Sam 
Published: March 2019

Introduction Physical fitness and health are closely linked. However, regular workplace assessments of paramedic health and fitness are not conducted, despite increasing evidence that the role requires a high level of fitness due to increasing physical and psychological demands. Describing the physical attributes required to complete the day-to-day tasks of a paramedic is problematic as data has not been collated. Recent registration, and significant illness and injury rates of paramedics in Australia, make systematic identification of the role more important in order to set a standard criteria. Objective This systematic literature review set out to define: 1) paramedic health status and the physical tasks performed; and 2) level of requisite fitness required to complete paramedic tasks. Results Using systematic search strategies, 24 articles were appraised and generally conclude that paramedics have a poorer health status and fitness levels compared to the general population, despite often performing physical heavy handling tasks. Conclusion General themes were highlighted throughout the literature, identifying that further research needs to be conducted to identify the day-to-day tasks of a paramedic and what level of requisite fitness is required. Current health and fitness is lacking for physical heavy handling activities performed in the paramedic role.
Emergency Care Education in South Africa: Past, Present and Future
Authors: Sobuwa Simpiwe , Christopher Lloyd Denzil 
Published: March 2019

There have been major changes in pre-hospital emergency care training and education in South African over the past 30 years. This has culminated in the publication of a regulation that brings an end to an era of short courses in emergency care and paves the way for the implementation of the National Emergency Care Education and Training (NECET) policy. The policy envisions a 1-year higher certificate, a 2-year diploma and the 4-year professional degree in emergency medical care. This paper aims to describe the history of emergency care education and training in South Africa that culminated in the NECET policy. The lessons in the professional development of pre-hospital emergency care education and training may have application for emergency medical services in other countries. The migration of existing emergency medical services personnel to the new higher education qualification structure is a major challenge. The transition to the new framework will take time due to the many challenges that must be overcome before the vision of the policy is realised. Ongoing engagement with all stakeholders is necessary for the benefits envisioned in the NECET policy to be realised.
Spatial variability and geostatistical analysis of selected soil
Authors: Khan MZ , Islam MA , Amin M Sadiqul , Bhuiyan MMR 
Published: March 2019

A study was conducted to explore the spatial variability of major soil nutrients of Agricultural fields in South-western region of Bangladesh. From the study area, 40 surface soil samples were collected by a random sampling strategy using GPS. Then soil physico-chemical properties i.e., pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (TN) N, soil available nutrients (P, K and S) were measured in laboratory. After data normalization, classical and geo-statistical analyses were used to describe soil properties and spatial correlation of soil characteristics. Spatial variability of soil physico-chemical properties was quantified through semi-variogram analysis and the respective surface maps were prepared through ordinary Kriging. Spherical model fits well with experimental semi-variogram of pH, EC, OM, TN, available P, K and S. Soil pH, available phosphorus (Av P), potassium (Av K) and sulfur (Av S) have the moderate spatial dependence, with nugget/sill ratios of 41.13% to 72.21%. The others have the strong dependence with nugget/sill ratios of less than 25%. The spatial variability of estimating soil properties varies within range of 0.0142 for Av P to 0.0383 for Av S and this model can calculate the un-sampled within neighboring distance of about 12.65 m for Av S to 150.82 m for TN, respectively. Cross validation of kriged map shows that spatial prediction of soil nutrients using semi-variogram parameters is better than assuming mean of observed value for any un-sampled location. Therefore, it is a suitable alternative method for accurate estimation of chemical properties of soil in un-sampled positions as compared to direct measurement which has time and costs concerned.
Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.54(1), 55-66, 2019
Alkali pretreatment of cotton stalk for bioethanol
Authors: Bano A , Irfan M 
Published: March 2019

Cotton stalk biomass was treated with NaOH and NaOH-steam pretreatements to get maximum cellulose content. Three factors with three levels such as biomass concentration (5, 10 and 15%), NaOH concentration (1, 3 and 5%) and residence time (4, 6 and 8 h) was performed through Box-Bhenken Design of response surface methodology. The treatment was performed with and without heating at 121oC for 15min and 15psi in an autoclave. Among these two types of treatment, maximum yield of cellulose content 87.80% was observed with 5% w/v NaOH concentration, 10g substrate loading and 4h residence time. The substrate having high cellulose content under optimized pretreatment conditions were analysed through FTIR revealing efficiency of pretreatment. The proposed model for this study was found significant in terms of lower p<0.05 values and findings of this study could be utilized for further processes like saccharification and fermentation to bioethanol.
Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.54(1), 73-82, 2019
Modified coconut coir to remove hexavalent chromium from aqueous solution
Authors: Ahmed N , Islam MN , Hossain MY , Rahman AKML , Sultana A 
Published: March 2019

Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) was removed from aqueous solution by adsorption using chemically modified lignin-rich low-cost coconut coir. The equilibrium time, adsorption isotherm and adsorption kinetics at certain conditions such as pH, particle size and the initial concentration of adsorbate were investigated. The coconut coir was modified by sodium chlorite for adsorption studies. The scanning electron microscopic image depicted the morphology of SCM-CC of different particle sizes whereas the elemental composition of this sort of bioadsorbent was determined by using energy dispersive spectroscopic data. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry analysis indicated that the carbonyl (C=O) groups and hydroxy (O–H) groups from the lignin structure in coconut coir may be involved in the mechanism of Cr(VI) adsorption. The maximum Cr(VI) adsorption capacity of sodium chlorite modified coconut coir (SCM-CC) was found to be 28.03 mg Cr(VI) g-1 SCM-CC at pH 2.00 for the particle size of 75-100 μm with the dose of 7.5 g/L. The equilibrium was established within three hours resulting in the maximum removal (99.92%) of chromium. Freundlich isotherm was better fitted than Langmuir isotherm at pH 2.00 on the basis of the regression coefficient (R2). The kinetic data well-fitted with Ho’s pseudo second order kinetics. The SCM-CC can be treated as an excellent adsorbent for the remediation of chromium toxicity.
Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.54(1), 89-98, 2019