bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RETRACTED: Population genetics of 24 Y‐STR loci in Chinese Han population from Jilin Province, Northeast China
Authors: Xu Xiao‐ming , Zheng Ji‐long , Lou Yin , Wei Xiao‐han , Wang Bao‐jie , Yao Jun 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundIt is meaningful to expand the available population information on forensic medicine and to investigate the genetic characteristics of Han population from Jilin Province, Northeast China.MethodsIn this study, we investigated the genetic characteristics of 24 Y‐chromosomal short tandem repeat (STR) loci in 1,088 unrelated Chinese Han male individuals from Jilin Province, using DNATyperTM Y24 amplification kit. Additionally, we performed the population comparison between the Jilin population and the other nine reported populations based on the Y‐STR genotyping haplotypes.ResultsA total of 1,067 different haplotypes were found from 1,088 unrelated individuals, of which 1,046 were unique and 21 were shared by two individuals. The gene diversity values of 22 loci ranged from 0.3870 (DYS391) to 0.9668 (DYS385ab). The random match probability was 0.0010 with the discrimination capacity of 0.9807. Population comparison showed that there were minor differences compared to Beijing Chinese Han, China Manchu, Gansu Chinese Han, and Jiangsu Chinese Han, but major differences with respect to the populations of Guangdong Chinese Han, Yunnan Chinese Han, China Hui, China Korean, and China Tibetan.ConclusionOur results showed that the 24 Y‐STR loci in Jilin Han population are valuable for forensic application and human genetics.
A heterozygous point mutation of the ANKRD11 (c.2579C>T) in a Chinese patient with idiopathic short stature
Authors: Kang Yabin , He Dongye , Li Yanying , Zhang Yanhong , Shao Qian , Zhang Mei , Ban Bo 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundPathogenic variants of ANKRD11 have been reported to cause KBG syndrome characterized by short stature, characteristic facial appearance, intellectual disability, macrodontia, and skeletal anomalies. However, the direct clinical relevance of ANKRD11 mutation with short stature is yet unknown.MethodsHere, we report a Chinese boy with idiopathic short stature (ISS) based on clinical and genetic characteristics. Comprehensive medical evaluations were performed including metabolic studies, endocrine function tests, bone X‐rays, and echocardiography. Whole‐exome and Sanger sequencing was used to detect and confirm genetic mutations associated with short stature in this patient, respectively. The pathogenicity of the variant was further predicted by several in silico prediction tools and repositories of sequence variation. Twenty‐four months follow‐up was performed to observe the growth rate of the patient treated with recombinant human growth hormone (GH).ResultsOne heterozygous point mutation (c.2579C>T) was confirmed in the ANKRD11 gene of the patient and inherited from his mother. This mutation site was located within the highly conservative region of ANKRD11 protein and predicted to be possibly damaging in several in silico prediction programs and repositories of sequence variation. Additionally, patient underwent GH replacement therapy for 24 months exhibited good response to the treatment.ConclusionA heterozygous point mutation of AKNRD11 gene was identified in a Chinese patient with short stature phenotype. The patient was treated effectively with GH supplementation.
A dual‐broadband base station antenna with ikebana‐like arrangement scheme
Authors: Huang He , Li Xiaoping , Liu Yanming 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA dual‐broadband, dual‐polarized base station antenna is demonstrated in this paper. The proposed antenna has five parts: the lower‐band element, the upper‐band element, the passive dipoles, the rectangle baffles, and the reflector. The lower‐band element comprises of two full‐wave dipoles to provide higher gain. The upper‐band elements are located at the vacant area formed by the orthogonal arms of the lower‐band element, like ikebana, to maintain the compact size unaltered. The lower‐band element exhibits horizontal/vertical polarization, while the upper‐band element exhibits ±45° polarization. This multipolarization mode can improve the port isolation between the lower‐band and upper‐band elements, thus enhancing the effect of the receiving and transmitting diversity. To adjust the half‐power beamwidths of the lower‐band and upper‐band elements, the passive dipoles and rectangle baffles are added to the original reflector. As a result, the antenna can cover 0.69 to 0.96 GHz for the lower band and 1.7 to 2.7 GHz for the upper band with high isolation. High gain over the entire working bands is obtained simultaneously. All the results reveal that the antenna has perfect performance and is suitable for the high‐low frequency hybrid application scenario of base stations.
Isolation improvement of a two‐port PIFA for MIMO using a planar EBG ground
Authors: Abdelgwad Ahmad H. , Ali Mohammod 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn this article, the mutual coupling reduction of a two‐port planar inverted‐F antenna (PIFA) using a planar electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structure is presented and investigated for multiple input multiple output/diversity applications. The planar EBG structure is designed for etching on the ground plane of the device. The EBG and the antenna design parameters are identified and the frequency scalability of the design is illustrated by showing two separate designs at 2.45 and 3.50 GHz. The optimized 2.45 GHz design demonstrates 25 dB more coupling reduction compared to the state of the art PIFA with a slot on the ground. Analyses of efficiency and effective diversity gain are also performed which show excellent performance.
A compact W‐band quasi‐optical detector packaged by meta‐surface reflector and 3D‐printed lens
Authors: Qiao Hai‐Dong , Liu Hao , Mou Jin‐Chao , Lv Xin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis article presents a compact W‐band quasi‐optical detector that can be easily extended into an array for focal plane imaging applications. The quasi‐optical detector consists of an antenna‐coupled detector packaged by a low‐profile meta‐surface reflector and a 3D‐printed lens. The antenna‐coupled detector with a GaAs Schottky diode is printed on a low‐cost and low‐loss laminate. To extract the detected low‐frequency signal within a small footprint, a pair of vertical metallic posts instead of conventional planar strips is designed and loaded at the ends of the antenna. For facilitating unidirectional radiation patterns, a low‐profile meta‐surface reflector with a thickness of λg/8 is placed under the antenna‐coupled detector. In addition, a 3D‐printed dielectric lens is loaded upon the antenna‐coupled detector, which can enhance the radiation gain by 6 dB. Both the meta‐surface reflector and the 3D‐printed lens are fixed by an asymmetric H‐shaped framework, forming a low‐cost and lightweight package for the detector. Based on the proposed detector, a W‐band 1 × 16 array is experimentally demonstrated, exhibiting a responsivity of 100 V/W~410 V/W from 92 to 110 GHz. The total size of the array is only 27 λ × 4 λ × 1.8 λ, where λ is the free space wavelength at the center frequency.
Energie: Japans Masterplan
Authors: Schmid Rolf D. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDas japanische Wirtschafts‐ und Handelsministerium treibt die Forschung für H2 als Energieträger mobiler und stationärer Anwendungen voran. Dazu gehören Brennstoffzellen und E‐Mobilität. Für einen optimalen Energiemix sind technische und wirtschaftliche Aspekte zu berücksichtigen.
Mein Lieblingselement: Quecksilber
Authors: Hoch Constantin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractQuecksilber ist böse. Extrapoliert man die seit Jahrzehnten laufenden politischen Entwicklungen einige Jahre in die Zukunft, wird es wohl das erste Element sein, das verboten wird. Denn Quecksilber ist der Inbegriff des Giftigen, der Umweltzerstörung, der industriellen Verseuchung ganzer Landstriche. Keiner mag Quecksilber. Das war aber nicht immer so.
Bindungen aktivieren und Redoxreaktionen
Authors: Sarkar Biprajit , Vöhringer Peter , Heinze Katja , Förster Christoph 
Published: October 2019

AbstractLassen sich selektive Reaktionen an Übergangsmetallzentren nicht thermisch aktivieren, funktioniert oft Photoaktivierung. Dabei entstehen zum Beispiel Übergangsmetall‐Alkankomplexe oder hochvalente Metallkomplexe. Aber Photonen können noch mehr: Sie aktivieren Wirkstoffe oder helfen, Quantenausbeuten zu bestimmen.
Prozesse: Das Handwerk nicht vergessen
Authors: Ehrensberger Christian 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDie Chemie in der Produktion funktioniert; nun gilt es, die Verfahren durch Digitalisieren effizienter zu machen – diesem Motiv folgen viele. Aber klassische chemische Arbeitsweisen vermögen nach wie vor weitere Potenziale zu erschließen.
Hybridization and Population Genetics of Alligator Gar in Lake Texoma
Authors: Taylor Andrew T. , Long James M. , Snow Richard A. , Porta Michael J. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The Alligator Gar Atractosteus spatula (AG) is a long-lived fish of growing management and conservation interest. Situated on the border of Texas and Oklahoma, Lake Texoma supports one of the last robust AG populations in Oklahoma; however, a genetic evaluation of this population is lacking. We genotyped AG individuals with 17 microsatellite loci, 7 of which also cross-amplified in three sympatric Lepisosteus species: the Longnose Gar L. osseus (LN), Shortnose Gar L. platostomus (SN), and Spotted Gar L. oculatus (SP). Bayesian assignment analyses conducted in STRUCTURE and NewHybrids confirmed that a field-identified hybrid was an F1 AG × LN and identified five other individuals that were suspected backcrosses (three LN × SN; two SN × SP). Alligator Gar had the lowest observed heterozygosity (0.179) and the lowest allelic richness (1.682) among the nonhybrid individuals of the four gar species examined. We also examined the potential for population structure and differences in pairwise relatedness (r) between two areas where AG are commonly encountered within Lake Texoma: the Red River and Washita River arms. No population structure was detected using noninformative or location priors in STRUCTURE, and estimates of r produced by the TrioML estimator in COANCESTRY were not significantly different between arms (overall mean r = 0.199). Point estimates of effective population size ranging from 16.3 to 29.2 suggested that the AG population may be vulnerable to the effects of inbreeding depression and random genetic drift. Results provide a genetic status assessment of AG in Lake Texoma and a baseline for future management and conservation decisions within Lake Texoma and surrounding regions.
Facilitating an early career transition pathway to community nursing: A Delphi Policy Study
Authors: Chamberlain Diane , Harvey Clare , Hegney Desley , Tsai Lily , Mclellan Sandy , Sobolewska Agnieszka , Wood Elspeth , Hendricks Joyce , Wake Troy 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimTo further develop and validate a new model of the early career transition pathway in the speciality of community nursing.DesignDelphi policy approach, guided by a previous systematic review and semi‐structured interviews.MethodsFour rounds of an expert panel (N = 19). Rounds one, two and four were questionnaires consisting of a combination of closed (Likert response) and open‐ended questions. Round three comprised of a focus group conducted using virtual meeting technology.ResultsThe final model demonstrated reliable and valid measures. There were deficiencies in “pre‐entry”—where the marketing of community nursing was negligible and the support around orientation informal and minimal, mainly due to tight budgetary concerns. Community practice holds a whole new dimension for nurses transitioning from acute care as the concept of “knowing your community” took time and support—time to be accepted reciprocally and develop a sense of belonging to the community.
Adult attachment anxiety moderates the relation between self‐reported childhood maltreatment and borderline personality disorder features
Authors: Crow Thomas M. , Levy Kenneth N. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractChildhood maltreatment is one of many risk factors for borderline personality disorder (BPD). However, not all individuals with BPD report histories of childhood maltreatment. Therefore, it is necessary to identify factors that contextualize the relation between childhood maltreatment and BPD features. With its emphasis on the developmental origins of emotion regulation, attachment theory provides a useful framework to understand how people are differentially affected by early life stress. The present study examined self‐reported adult attachment as a moderator in the relation between childhood maltreatment and BPD features in a large undergraduate sample (n = 1 033). Attachment anxiety, but not attachment avoidance, moderated the relation between childhood maltreatment and BPD features, and this relation was non‐significant among participants low (−1 standard deviation) in attachment anxiety. These results support the hypothesis that secure attachment in adulthood may buffer against the otherwise deleterious effects of distal risk factors on personality pathology. Future research should continue to examine this question across risk factors and across disorders. Furthermore, we suggest that researchers who have historically examined attachment as a mediator cross‐sectionally should re‐examine their data for evidence of a moderation effect. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Molecular dynamics study of polymeric chemical gels: Effect of persistence length and crosslinker density
Authors: Pereyra Rodolfo G. , Carignano Marcelo A. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTUsing molecular dynamics, we study the formation of chemical gels from an initial solution of reactive polymers that undergo a crosslinking reaction. We study the effect of the polymer persistence length and different densities of crosslinkers along the chains. As the reaction progresses, different structural features are identified in the system leading to the development of a percolated cluster. These features are (a) single strands, (b) double strands, and (c) bridges. We found that the total numbers of these three kinds of features are roughly independent of the persistence length; however, the average lengths of single and double strands grow with this variable. The average length of double strands strongly increases with increasing crosslinker density and the amount of single strands sharply falls as crosslinker density grows. We also found that general structural features of polymer networks are highly dependent on chain persistence length and crosslinker density. Fully flexible chains with high density of crosslinkers result in inhomogeneous network structures with large voids. In contrast, precursor chains with high rigidity and scarce number of crosslinkers result in homogeneous networks having small cavities. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2019, 57, 1343–1350
Preparation and Characterization of Cellulose/RDX Composite Aerogel Spheres
Authors: Bian Hongli , Wei Jie , Zhou Yi , Liu Jianxin , Shao Ziqiang , Wang Bo , Li Zhihua 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAs a high‐energy explosive, 1,3,5‐Trinitroperhydro‐1,3,5‐triazine (RDX) has been widely used in military and civilian applications such as explosives, rocket fuels and gun propellants due to its good comprehensive properties. However, at present, the application of RDX has been encumbered by its high sensitivity and crystal defects. Herein, inspired by the unique structure and eco‐friendliness of cellulose aerogel, for the first time, cellulose aerogel was introduced into RDX to prepare cellulose/RDX composite aerogel spheres by the solution impregnation method. The cellulose/RDX composite aerogel spheres were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), elemental analysis, thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry (TG‐DSC), X‐ray diffractometer (XRD), and a vertical impact sensitivity tester. The material detonation speed was calculated using EXPLO5. The results showed that the surface of cellulose/RDX composite aerogel spheres was smooth, and the internal three‐dimensional cross‐linked void of the cellulose aerogel spheres was well filled with RDX particles. Compared with RDX raw materials, the particle size of RDX in the cellulose/RDX composite aerogel spheres was greatly reduced. The N content in the cellulose/RDX composite aerogel spheres was as high as 32.24 %. Thermal analysis results showed that the activation energy of cellulose/RDX composite aerogel spheres increased by 31.28 KJ/mol. The crystal structure of RDX in the cellulose/RDX composite aerogel spheres remained unchanged. Moreover, the impact sensitivity H50 of the cellulose/RDX composite aerogel spheres increased by more than 65 cm.
Assessment of chemical‐crosslink‐assisted protein structure modeling in CASP13
Authors: Fajardo J. Eduardo , Shrestha Rojan , Gil Nelson , Belsom Adam , Crivelli Silvia N. , Czaplewski Cezary , Fidelis Krzysztof , Grudinin Sergei , Karasikov Mikhail , Karczyńska Agnieszka S. , Kryshtafovych Andriy , Leitner Alexander , Liwo Adam , Lubecka Emilia A. , Monastyrskyy Bohdan , Pagès Guillaume , Rappsilber Juri , Sieradzan Adam K. , Sikorska Celina , Trabjerg Esben , Fiser Andras 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWith the advance of experimental procedures obtaining chemical crosslinking information is becoming a fast and routine practice. Information on crosslinks can greatly enhance the accuracy of protein structure modeling. Here, we review the current state of the art in modeling protein structures with the assistance of experimentally determined chemical crosslinks within the framework of the 13th meeting of Critical Assessment of Structure Prediction approaches. This largest‐to‐date blind assessment reveals benefits of using data assistance in difficult to model protein structure prediction cases. However, in a broader context, it also suggests that with the unprecedented advance in accuracy to predict contacts in recent years, experimental crosslinks will be useful only if their specificity and accuracy further improved and they are better integrated into computational workflows.
Influence of deepening and mesoscale organization of shallow convection on stratiform cloudiness in the downstream trades
Authors: Vogel Raphaela , Nuijens Louise , Stevens Bjorn 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn this study we use large‐eddy simulation to explore the factors controlling stratiform cloudiness in the downstream trades. We perform sensitivity experiments with different large‐scale forcings, radiation specifications and domain sizes, which isolate the influence of convective deepening, moisture–radiation interactions and mesoscale organization, respectively. Across the simulations with different large‐scale forcings, we find that the deepening of the cloud layer and the associated increase in precipitation strongly correlate with decreasing inversion strength and stratiform cloudiness. The relationship between cloud‐layer depth and cloud amount is largely independent of the way a specific change in the large‐scale forcing induces the deepening. The interaction of radiation with the domain‐averaged humidity and cloud profile is necessary for stratiform cloudiness to form. Strong radiative cooling experienced by updraughts overshooting a strong inversion induces the formation of detrained stratiform layers, and strong long‐wave cooling associated with the stratiform layers stabilizes the inversion. Interactive radiation is also important for exposing differences in shallow convection under different free‐tropospheric humidities. A drier initial free troposphere leads to both increased cloud‐layer and free‐tropospheric radiative cooling and increased surface evaporation, which forces deeper convection and more precipitation compared to a moister initial free troposphere. The simulations with a drier initial free troposphere thus have weaker inversions and less stratiform cloud. The organization of convection into larger clusters in large‐domain simulations increases precipitation and weakens the inversion compared to a simulation on a 16‐fold smaller domain, which does not support convective organization. Organized updraught clusters carry more moisture and liquid to the inversion, so that the same amount of stratiform cloudiness forms, despite the inversion being weaker. The simulations presented here suggest that the deepening and organization of shallow convection plays an important role in regulating stratiform cloudiness and thus total cloud cover in the downstream trades.
Experimental analysis of low‐altitude terrain following for hover‐capable flight‐style autonomous underwater vehicles
Authors: Schillai Sophia M. , Turnock Stephen R. , Rogers Eric , Phillips Alexander B. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractOperating an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) in close proximity to terrain typically relies solely on the vehicle sensors for terrain detection, and challenges the manoeuvrability of energy efficient flight‐style AUVs. This paper gives new results on altitude tracking limits of such vehicles by using the fully understood environment of a lake to perform repeated experiments while varying the altitude demand, obstacle detection and actuator use of a hover‐capable flight‐style AUV. The results are analysed for mission success, vehicle risk and repeatability, demonstrating the terrain following capabilities of the overactuated AUV over a range of altitude tracking strategies and how these measures better inform vehicle operators. A major conclusion is that the effects of range limits, bias and false detections of the sensors used for altitude tracking must be fully accounted for to enable mission success. Furthermore it was found that switching between hover‐ and flight‐style actuations based on speed, whilst varying the operation speed, has advantages for performance improvement over combining hover‐ and flight‐style actuators at high speeds.
The evolution of the curiosity rover sampling chain
Authors: Verma Vandi , Carsten Joseph , Kuhn Stephen 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) Curiosity rover landed in Gale crater in August of 2012 on its mission to explore Mt. Sharp as the first planetary rover to collect and analyze rock and regolith samples. On this new mission, sampling operations were conceived to be executed serially and in situ, on a “sample chain” along which sample would be collected, then processed, then delivered to sample analysis instruments, analyzed there, and then discarded so the chain could be repeated. This paper describes the evolution of this relatively simple chain into a richer sampling network, responding to science and engineering desires that came into focus only as the mission matured, scientific discoveries were made, and anomalies were encountered. The rover flight and ground system architectures retained significant heritage from past missions, while extending capabilities in anticipation of the need for adaptation. As evolution occurred, the architecture permitted nimble extension of sampling behavior without time‐consuming flight software updates or significant impact to daily operations. This paper presents the major components of this architecture and discusses some of the results of successful adaptation across thousands of Sols of Mars operations.