bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The systemic exercise-released chemokine lymphotactin/XCL1 modulates in vitro adult hippocampal precursor cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation
Authors: Leiter Odette , Bernas Stefanie N. , Seidemann Suse , Overall Rupert W. , Horenburg Cindy , Kowal Susann , Kempermann Gerd , Walker Tara L. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPhysical exercise has well-established anti-inflammatory effects, with neuro-immunological crosstalk being proposed as a mechanism underlying the beneficial effects of exercise on brain health. Here, we used physical exercise, a strong positive modulator of adult hippocampal neurogenesis, as a model to identify immune molecules that are secreted into the blood stream, which could potentially mediate this process. Proteomic profiling of mouse plasma showed that levels of the chemokine lymphotactin (XCL1) were elevated after four days of running. We found that XCL1 treatment of primary cells isolated from both the dentate gyrus and the subventricular zone of the adult mice led to an increase in the number of neurospheres and neuronal differentiation in neurospheres derived from the dentate gyrus. In contrast, primary dentate gyrus cells isolated from XCL1 knockout mice formed fewer neurospheres and exhibited a reduced neuronal differentiation potential. XCL1 supplementation in a dentate gyrus-derived neural precursor cell line promoted neuronal differentiation and resulted in lower cell motility and a reduced number of cells in the S phase of the cell cycle. This work suggests an additional function of the chemokine XCL1 in the brain and underpins the complexity of neuro-immune interactions that contribute to the regulation of adult hippocampal neurogenesis.
Screening inducers of neuronal BDNF gene transcription using primary cortical cell cultures from BDNF-luciferase transgenic mice
Authors: Fukuchi Mamoru , Okuno Yui , Nakayama Hironori , Nakano Aoi , Mori Hisashi , Mitazaki Satoru , Nakano Yuka , Toume Kazufumi , Jo Michiko , Takasaki Ichiro , Watanabe Kazuki , Shibahara Naotoshi , Komatsu Katsuko , Tabuchi Akiko , Tsuda Masaaki 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBrain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a key player in synaptic plasticity, and consequently, learning and memory. Because of its fundamental role in numerous neurological functions in the central nervous system, BDNF has utility as a biomarker and drug target for neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. Here, we generated a screening assay to mine inducers of Bdnf transcription in neuronal cells, using primary cultures of cortical cells prepared from a transgenic mouse strain, specifically, Bdnf-Luciferase transgenic (Bdnf-Luc) mice. We identified several active extracts from a library consisting of 120 herbal extracts. In particular, we focused on an active extract prepared from Ginseng Radix (GIN), and found that GIN activated endogenous Bdnf expression via cAMP-response element-binding protein-dependent transcription. Taken together, our current screening assay can be used for validating herbal extracts, food-derived agents, and chemical compounds for their ability to induce Bdnf expression in neurons. This method will be beneficial for screening of candidate drugs for ameliorating symptoms of neurological diseases associated with reduced Bdnf expression in the brain, as well as candidate inhibitors of aging-related cognitive decline.
A network-based pathway-extending approach using DNA methylation and gene expression data to identify altered pathways
Authors: Li Jie , Zhang Qiaosheng , Chen Zhuo , Xu Dechen , Wang Yadong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPathway analysis allows us to gain insights into a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying cancers. Currently, high-throughput multi-omics data and various types of large-scale biological networks enable us to identify cancer-related pathways by comprehensively analyzing these data. Combining information from multidimensional data, pathway databases and interaction networks is a promising strategy to identify cancer-related pathways. Here we present a novel network-based approach for integrative analysis of DNA methylation and gene expression data to extend original pathways. The results show that the extension of original pathways can provide a basis for discovering new components of the original pathway and understanding the crosstalk between pathways in a large-scale biological network. By inputting the gene lists of the extended pathways into the classical gene set analysis (ORA and FCS), we effectively identified the altered pathways which are correlated well with the corresponding cancer. The method is evaluated on three datasets retrieved from TCGA (BRCA, LUAD and COAD). The results show that the integration of DNA methylation and gene expression data through a network of known gene interactions is effective in identifying altered pathways.
AMPK: a balancer of the renin–angiotensin system
Authors: Liu Jia , Li Xuan , Lu Qingguo , Ren Di , Sun Xiaodong , Rousselle Thomas , Li Ji , Leng Jiyan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe renin–angiotensin system (RAS) is undisputedly well-studied as one of the oldest and most critical regulators for arterial blood pressure, fluid volume, as well as renal function. In recent studies, RAS has also been implicated in the development of obesity, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and other diseases, and also involved in the regulation of several signaling pathways such as proliferation, apoptosis and autophagy, and insulin resistance. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an essential cellular energy sensor, has also been discovered to be involved in these diseases and cellular pathways. This would imply a connection between the RAS and AMPK. Therefore, this review serves to draw attention to the cross-talk between RAS and AMPK, then summering the most recent literature which highlights AMPK as a point of balance between physiological and pathological functions of the RAS.
Expression profiles and potential functions of long non-coding RNA in stable angina pectoris patients from Uyghur population of China
Authors: Zhou Xin-Rong , Song Ning , Luo Jun-Yi , Zhai Hui , Li Xiang-Mei , Zhao Qian , Liu Fen , Li Xiao-Mei , Yang Yi-Ning 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts longer than 200 nt that are involved in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). To determine whether lncRNAs are involved in stable angina pectoris (SAP), we analysed the expression profile of lncRNAs and mRNAs on a genome-wide scale in SAP of Uyghur population. Five pairs of SAP patients and healthy controls were screened by an Agilent microarray (human lncRNA + mRNA Array V4.0). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to validate the lncRNA expression levels in 50 SAP and 50 controls. Data analyses were performed using R and Bioconductor. A total of 1871 up- and 231 down-regulated lncRNAs were identified to be differentially expressed in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Microarray analysis results identified the lncRNAs NR_037652.1, ENST00000607654.1, ENST00000589524.1 and uc004bhb.3, which were confirmed by qRT-PCR. Among screened lncRNAs, the annotation result of their co-expressed mRNAs showed that the most significantly related pathways were the NF-κB signalling pathway, apoptosis and the p53 signalling pathway, while the main significantly related diseases were the cholesterol, calcium and coronary disease. Our study indicated that clusters of lncRNAs were significantly differentially expressed between SAP patients and matched controls. These lncRNAs may play a significant role in SAP development and could serve as biomarkers and potential targets for the future treatment of SAP.
W‐band low‐sidelobe series‐fed microstrip antenna array based on impedance matching section weighting method
Authors: Song Song , Wang Wei , Wang Xuetian 
Published: August 2019

A W‐band low‐sidelobe series‐fed microstrip antenna array is proposed here. Impedance matching section weighting method is used in element series‐fed weighting. This feeding method can effectively realise the desired amplitude distribution and sidelobe level of −30.1 dB is obtained in this design. The designed low‐sidelobe antenna has great practical value in antenna of W‐band portable radar.
He Iλ10 830 Å in the transmission spectrum of HD209458 b
Authors: Alonso-Floriano F. J. , Snellen I. A. G. , Czesla S. , Bauer F. F. , Salz M. , Lampón M. , Lara L. M. , Nagel E. , López-Puertas M. , Nortmann L. , Sánchez-López A. , Sanz-Forcada J. , Caballero J. A. , Reiners A. , Ribas I. , Quirrenbach A. , Amado P. J. , Aceituno J. , Anglada-Escudé G. , Béjar V. J. S. , Brinkmöller M. , Hatzes A. P. , Henning Th. , Kaminski A. , Kürster M. , Labarga F. , Montes D. , Pallé E. , Schmitt J. H. M. M. , Zapatero Osorio M. R. 
Published: August 2019

Context.Recently, the He Itriplet at 10 830 Å was rediscovered as an excellent probe of the extended and possibly evaporating atmospheres of close-in transiting planets. This has already resulted in detections of this triplet in the atmospheres of a handful of planets, both from space and from the ground. However, while a strong signal is expected for the hot Jupiter HD 209458 b, only upper limits have been obtained so far.Aims.Our goal is to measure the helium excess absorption from HD 209458 b and assess the extended atmosphere of the planet and possible evaporation.Methods.We obtained new high-resolution spectral transit time-series of HD 209458 b using CARMENES at the 3.5 m Calar Alto telescope, targeting the He Itriplet at 10 830 Å at a spectral resolving power of 80 400. The observed spectra were corrected for stellar absorption lines using out-of-transit data, for telluric absorption using theMOLECFITsoftware, and for the sky emission lines using simultaneous sky measurements through a second fibre.Results.We detect He Iabsorption at a level of 0.91 ± 0.10% (9σ) at mid-transit. The absorption follows the radial velocity change of the planet during transit, unambiguously identifying the planet as the source of the absorption. The core of the absorption exhibits a net blueshift of 1.8 ± 1.3 km s−1. Possible low-level excess absorption is seen further blueward from the main absorption near the centre of the transit, which could be caused by an extended tail. However, this needs to be confirmed.Conclusions.Our results further support a close relation between the strength of planetary absorption in the helium triplet lines and the level of ionising, stellar X-ray, and extreme-UV irradiation.
Benzodiazepine und Z-Substanzen – Analyse der kassenärztlichen Verschreibungen von 2006 bis 2015
Authors: Verthein Uwe , Buth Sven , Holzbach Rüdiger , Neumann-Runde Eike , Martens Marcus-S. 
Published: August 2019

ZusammenfassungEs wird untersucht, wie sich die kassenärztlichen Verschreibungen von Benzodiazepinen (BZD) und Z-Substanzen (ZS) über einen 10-Jahres-Zeitraum entwickelt haben. GKV-Rezepte des Norddeutschen Apotheken-Rechenzentrums (NARZ) wurden für Schleswig-Holstein, Hamburg, Niedersachsen und Bremen von 2006 – 2015 ausgewertet. 1,64 Mio. Patienten erhielten Verschreibungen von BZD und/oder ZS im 10-Jahres-Zeitraum. 65,3 % sind Frauen, über die Hälfte sind 60 Jahre oder älter. Der Anteil an Patienten mit leitliniengerechten Verschreibungen steigt von 51,7 % in 2006 auf 60,2 % in 2015. Problematische Verschreibungen gehen von 34,8 % auf 27,1 % zurück. Der Anteil leitlinienabweichender Verschreibungen von BZD und ZS, die auf Missbrauch oder Abhängigkeit deuten, ist unter GKV-Patienten seit vielen Jahren rückläufig.
Medikamentöse Komplextherapie – Arzneimittelinteraktionen von Valproat und Metamizol
Authors: Kliem Anna , Green Kim , Mattern Margarete 
Published: August 2019

ZusammenfassungDie klinische Relevanz der Medikamenteninteraktion zwischen Valproat und Metamizol soll anhand eines Patientenfalls aus der Gerontopsychiatrie dargestellt werden. Es besteht die Annahme, dass Metamizol in der Dosierung von 4 g/d einen relevanten Einfluss auf den Valproatspiegel und das klinische Outcome hat. Dies könnte auf einer CYP2B6-Induktion und gesteigerten Metabolisierung des Valproats beruhen. Im Falle einer Kombinationsbehandlung von Valproat mit Metamizol sind somit engmaschige Kontrollen des Valproatspiegels zu empfehlen.
Central Corneal Thickness can be Related to Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in Children with Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Jeziorny Krzysztof , Fila Michal , Pyziak-Skupien Aleksandra , Kolodziej Magdalena , Waszczykowska Arleta , Zmyslowska-Polakowska Ewa , Szadkowska Agnieszka , Mlynarski Wojciech , Zmyslowska Agnieszka 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Aims Diabetic eye disease with its various manifestations as well as diabetic neuropathy may occur in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) after several years of diabetes duration. Pachymetry is a promising method evaluating central corneal thickness (CCT) in diabetic patients. The aim of the study was to evaluate the CCT values in children with T1D and its relationship to neurophysiological markers of diabetic neuropathy.
Methods The study groups included 119 T1D children with average 5.3 years of diabetes duration and 38 age-matched controls. CCT index was measured with pachymeter in all subjects and in 19/119 of T1D patients the CCT values were referred to the ENG-EMG-SSR study results.
Results In T1D patients the higher CCT values were observed as compared to healthy controls (p=0.037). Correlations between CCT values and both distal latency of the motor fibers of the median nerve (R=0.51; p=0.044) and conduction velocity of this nerve (R=−0.55; p=0.027) were noted. A conduction velocity of the sensory fibers of sural nerve correlated negatively with CCT index (R=−0.50; p=0.045) in the T1D patients.
Conclusions CCT measurement may be helpful in the referral of the asymptomatic pediatric T1D patients to assess an early stage of diabetic neuropathy.
Translational Research in Biliary Atresia: News from Mice and Men
Authors: Madadi-Sanjani Omid , Petersen Claus 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBiliary atresia (BA) is a fibro-obliterative cholangiopathy of unknown etiology. While Kasai portoenterostomy achieves temporary biliary drainage in some cases, BA remains the most common indication for liver transplantation during childhood. During the last few decades, observations on BA, like cholestatic diseases in animals and the introduction of different animal models for BA, have not achieved the anticipated results, and we are still not able to translate the basic research to the patient's bedside. This article presents a review of the literature on available BA animal models and gives a glimpse of future developments.
Respiratory and Hemodynamic Changes in Neonates with Hypoxic–Ischemic Encephalopathy during and after Whole-Body Hypothermia
Authors: Sheppard Stephanie Rosenbloom , Desale Sameer , Abubakar Kabir 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to determine the degree to which whole-body hypothermia (WBH) impacts hemodynamic and respiratory status during hypothermia and the subsequent rewarming period in neonates with hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).
Study Design This is a retrospective study reviewing the medical records of infants treated with WBH. Data including oxygenation index (OI), ventilator efficiency index (VEI), fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2), blood lactate level, heart rate (HR), and mean blood pressure (MBP) were collected from defined time points from the beginning, middle, and end of WBH and then every 2 hours from the beginning of rewarming for 14 hours thereafter. The analysis included 65 infants. Data were analyzed using a piecewise linear regression with a mixed-effect model.
Results HR decreased during WBH and significantly increased during rewarming. Lactate level, OI, VEI, FiO2, and MBP all decreased during WBH but showed no significant change during and after rewarming.
Conclusion There was a decrease in metabolic demand as measured by oxygen requirement, OI, HR, and MBP during WBH, but only HR increased during rewarming, with no significant change in the other parameters. Some of this effect may be explained by improvement in the respiratory condition over time.
Role of a patatin-like phospholipase inPlasmodium falciparumgametogenesis and malaria transmission
Authors: Singh Pallavi , Alaganan Aditi , More Kunal R. , Lorthiois Audrey , Thiberge Sabine , Gorgette Olivier , Guillotte Blisnick Micheline , Guglielmini Julien , Aguilera Shivani Shankar , Touqui Lhousseine , Singh Shailja , Chitnis Chetan E. 
Published: August 2019

SignificanceMalaria transmission involves a complex process that is initiated whenPlasmodiumgametocytes ingested during a blood meal are activated in the mosquito midgut and transform into gametes. The process of gametogenesis involves rounding up of activated gametocytes, exflagellation of male gametes, and gamete egress. Here, we have used a genetic approach to identify a patatin-like phospholipase, PfPATPL1, that mediates gametocyte rounding up, exflagellation, and secretion of a perforin-like protein, PfPLP2, which ruptures peripheral membranes to enable egress. We demonstrate that genetic depletion of PfPATPL1 reduces the transmission efficiency of malaria parasites in mosquitoes. Our study identifies PfPATPL1 as a player in the process of gametogenesis and suggests that phospholipases could be targeted to inhibit transmission and help eliminate malaria.
Regularizations of time-crystal dynamics
Authors: Shapere Alfred D. , Wilczek Frank 
Published: August 2019

Significance
Crystals—an extremely common and important class of states of matter—have been studied intensely and fruitfully for many years. Recently, the possibility of “time crystals,” which self-organize into regular patterns of behavior in time, was proposed theoretically and has inspired important experimental discoveries. This qualitatively new class of states of matter plausibly will lead, among other things, to better clocks. New concepts are needed to describe time (or space-time) crystals, because the most straightforward attempts lead to mathematical singularities. Here, we show how an enriched version of the simplest proposed time-crystal model can be realized as a limiting case of a conventional, fully nonsingular physical system. This firmer foundation predicts characteristic behavior and should support wide-ranging generalizations.
Hydrophobic catalysis and a potential biological role of DNA unstacking induced by environment effects
Authors: Feng Bobo , Sosa Robert P. , Mårtensson Anna K. F. , Jiang Kai , Tong Alex , Dorfman Kevin D. , Takahashi Masayuki , Lincoln Per , Bustamante Carlos J. , Westerlund Fredrik , Nordén Bengt 
Published: August 2019

SignificanceThe main stabilizer of the DNA double helix is not the base-pair hydrogen bonds but coin-pile stacking of base pairs, whose hydrophobic cohesion, requiring abundant water, indirectly makes the DNA interior dry so that hydrogen bonds can exert full recognition power. We report that certain semihydrophobic agents depress the stacking energy (measurable in single-molecule experiments), leading to transiently occurring holes in the base-pair stack (monitorable via binding of threading intercalators). Similar structures observed in DNA complexes with RecA and Rad51, and previous observations of spontaneous strand exchange catalyzed in semihydrophobic model systems, make us propose that some hydrophobic protein residues may have roles in catalyzing homologous recombination. We speculate that hydrophobic catalysis is a general phenomenon in DNA enzymes.
Micromechanical modelling of mechanochemical processes in heterogeneous materials
Authors: Poluektov M , Freidin A B , Figiel Ł 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
There is a range of practical problems where advanced engineering heterogeneous materials undergo chemical transformations. The primary example of such system is energy storage materials, in particular anodes of Li-ion batteries containing active Si particles. The exploitation of such anodes involves extreme volumetric expansion of the active particles during the chemical reaction. The expansion is causing mechanical stress, which, in turn, influences the kinetics of chemical reactions even up to their arrest. A particular reaction between Si and Li is localised, as well as a number of other reactions, such as oxidation or precipitate formation. The model presented in this paper accounts for the kinetics of the reactions in a collection of particles inside a matrix material. The microstructure is modelled using the multiscale mean-field (MF) framework based on the incremental Mori–Tanaka (IMT) method. This is the first application of a multiscale MF technique to modelling reaction front kinetics in particles and linking the intra-particle kinetics with the response of the matrix. A number of physical effects arising from the influence of the deformation mechanisms of the matrix on the kinetics of the intra-particle reactions is investigated. Furthermore, the applicability of the proposed model and the IMT homogenisation scheme is studied by comparison to the full-field simulations in the cases of small and finite strains.
Finite Element Modelling and Updating of a Bolted Structure Using Elements Representing the Stiffness Members, Bolts and Affected Areas of the Joints
Authors: Omar R , Rani M N Abdul , Yunus M A 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Efficient and accurate analytical representation of bolted joints in an assembled structure for the prediction of the dynamic behaviour of the structure has been a crucial unsolved issue in the finite element (FE) community. 3D modelling of bolted joints, possessing a large number of degrees of freedom, leads to very high computational time. This paper proposes an efficient representation of bolted joints for the prediction of the dynamic behaviour of a bolted structure. The FE model of the bolted joints was developed using CBUSH element connectors for bolt shanks and CELAS element connectors for the stiffness of the members at the affected areas of the bolted joints. The results of the normal modes analysis of the FE model of the bolted structure were in a very good correlation with experimental modal analysis (EMA) counterparts quantified by a range of MAC values between 0.91 to 0.99 for all modes. Finite element model updating was used to improve the accuracy of the FE model of the bolted joints. The updated FE model of the assembled structure was validated with the physical tested structure. It was found that the comparison of the results has shown good agreement. In addition, the natural frequencies and mode shapes predicted from the proposed model have been found to be more accurate than the results obtained from the previous analytical models reported in the literature on bolted joint modelling of dynamic behaviour investigation. The proposed model can be used for a large and complex structure.
Identification of the nonlinearity in mass-spring system via experimental method
Authors: Bahari A R , Yunus M A , Rani M N Abdul , Shah M A S Aziz , Iskandar Mirza W I I Wan , Salleh N 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Engineering structures operate with a nonlinear dynamics behaviour at certain amplitude of input range which will produce noticeable changes and unpredictable effects. In this paper, the nonlinear property of a spring is investigated. The simplified mass-spring system is developed which consists of two springs attached on a thin plate structure. The translational degree of freedom is considered in the experimental and a preferential direction on the length direction of the spring is investigated. The linear property is first investigated via impact testing for the acceleration measurement. Subsequently, the spectral testing with different amplitude of periodic chirp excitations is carried out to identify the nonlinear property of the springs. The nonlinear dynamics behaviour of the springs are identified from the significant changes of natural frequencies from the frequency response function of the system.