bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparison of the treatment recommendations for neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction in the national institute for health and care excellence, European Association of Urology and international consultations on incontinence guidelines
Authors: Jaggi Ashley , Drake Marcus , Siddiqui Emad , Fatoye Francis 
Published: April 2018

AimsHealthcare guidelines are an important vehicle in establishing up‐to‐date evidence based medicine (EBM) in clinical practice. Due to varying development processes, clinical guidelines created by different institutions can often contain contrasting recommendations. This can have implications for optimal and standardized patient care across management settings.MethodsThe similarities and differences of treatment recommendations made in the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), The European Association of Urology (EAU), and the International Consultation on Continence (ICI) guidelines for neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD) were assessed.ResultsThe guidelines generally agree on their approach to conservative management, including behavioral therapies, and catheterization techniques. There was discrepancy on the benefit of using an alpha blocker in NLUTD and bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) and administering Botulinum toxin A (Onabotulinum‐A) in NLUTD. The highest degree of divergence was seen in recommendations for surgical treatments, where the EAU made gender‐specific recommendations, and gave continent urinary diversion higher preference than given in the NICE and ICI guidelines.ConclusionsIn the absence of high‐quality clinical evidence, many of the recommendations made across all three guidelines are based on expert opinion. NICE, the EAU and ICI have similarities but they place differing emphasis on costs and expert opinion, which translated in notably different recommendations. It is evident that increased research efforts, possibly in the form of prospective registries, pragmatic trials, and resource utilization studies are necessary to improve the underlying evidence base for NLUTD, and subsequently the strength and concordance of recommendations across guidelines.
Formal sacrocolpopexy reduces hypercontinence rates in female neobladder formation
Authors: Stearns Gillian , Donahue Timothy , Fathollahi Ali , Dalbagni Guido , Sandhu Jaspreet 
Published: April 2018

AimsContinent urinary diversion is preferred by some patients and orthotopic urinary diversion (OUD) has become the procedure of choice for most men following cystectomy for invasive bladder cancer. OUD in women, however, is less common, likely due to a high rate of hypercontinence (HC), potentially from lax support of pelvic structures similar to pelvic organ prolapse. As such, we evaluated if abdominal sacrocolpopexy (ASC) at the time of OUD in women led to decreased rates of HC.MethodsA retrospective review of all female patients receiving OUD by a single surgeon and ASC was performed. ASC was performed after RC was complete prior to the urethro‐enteric anastomosis. Peritoneal flap was created to the vaginal apex. The distal leaf was then sutured to the proximal anterior vaginal wall and apex and the proximal end sutured to the anterior longitudinal ligament. HC was defined as the need to perform intermittent catheterization (IC) due to incomplete emptying of the neobladder.ResultsNine women underwent cystectomy with OUD and concurrent ASC during the specified time period. Average patient age was 54 years (27‐69). Mean followup was 61.6 months (5‐123 months). None of those who underwent ASC had HC or incontinence post‐operatively. No mesh‐related complications were noted in this cohort. Pelvic abscess was noted in one patient who underwent ASC with rectus fascia.ConclusionsASC at the time of radical cystectomy and OUD is safe and effective. It appears to be associated with decreased rates of HC and is associated with minimal additional morbidity to the patient.
Test‐retest reliability of the different dynamometric variables used to evaluate pelvic floor musculature during the menstrual cycle
Authors: dos Reis Nagano Reny C. , Biasotto‐Gonzalez Daniela A. , da Costa Gilmar L. , Amorim Karina M. , Fumagalli Marco A. , Amorim César F. , Politti Fabiano 
Published: April 2018

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability of different dynamometric variables of the pelvic floor muscles (PFM) in healthy women during different periods of menstrual cycle.Materials and MethodsVaginal dynamometric equipment was developed by the authors and its reproducibility was tested. The PFM contractions of 20 healthy women were collected by two independent examiners over three consecutive weeks, always on the same day, with a seven‐day interval between readings, starting from the first day after the end of the menstrual period. For the measurements, the branch of the dynamometer was positioned first on the sagittal plane and then on the frontal plane. Baseline, peak time, maximum PFM strength, impulse contraction, and average contraction force were calculated. Reproducibility was tested using the intra‐class correlation coefficient (ICC) and standard error of measurement. Repeated‐measures ANOVA was used to compare the data from different days.ResultsFor intra‐day and inter‐day reliability between examiners, all the parameters collected on the sagittal plane presented good and excellent reproducibility (ICC2,1 = 0.60 to 0.98), whereas reproducibility on the frontal plane was respectively poor and excellent (ICC2,1 = 0.23 to 0.97). The ANOVA revealed significant differences between sessions only for the impulse of contraction for the sagittal (P = 0.005) and frontal (P = 0.03) planes.ConclusionsTime and contraction force parameters of the PFM are not influenced by hormonal alterations that occur during the menstrual cycle. The impulse of contraction was the only variable to demonstrate a significant difference between the first and second week of the data collection protocol. The baseline, maximum strength value, impulse of contraction, and average contraction force variables presented good to excellent reproducibility and can be safely used as a method of PFM evaluation
Enteral Nutrition and Dementia Integrating Ethics
Authors: Schwartz Denise Baird 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis narrative review highlights topics related to feeding patients with dementia, including the use of ethical principles and legal precedents; specifies guidelines and practice recommendations; provides an option to assist in applying the recommendations, such as comfort feedings instead of enteral nutrition; promotes the use of early advance care planning to achieve medical therapies based on an individual's wishes; and provides 3 case studies to demonstrate the clinical application of the information presented in the article. Enteral nutrition guidelines and recommendations have been developed by the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition and the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics for individuals with dementia. Predominately these guidelines and recommendations focus on patients with advanced dementia due to the dysphagia and progressive disease process. Despite the research and recommendations to forgo enteral nutrition in advanced dementia, the practice continues. The detailed case studies, integrating an interprofessional approach, provide tools for clinicians to incorporate ethical principles and address the communication aspect when dealing with families and surrogate decision‐makers for individuals with advanced dementia.
Technology in Parenteral Nutrition Compounding
Authors: Curtis Caitlin 
Published: April 2018

AbstractTechnology is constantly being used in novel ways, and its use in the practice of medicine is no exception. Examples of this include computer physician order entry, barcode‐medication scanning, electronic health records (EHRs), and bedside patient charts, to name a few. Compounding parenteral nutrition has been included in this technological revolution, with improvements such as barcode‐assisted medication preparation systems and EHR‐to‐compounder interfaces. Along with some of these electronic advancements come the inevitable improvements and challenges, which are explored in this article.
A polynomial chaos‐based approach to risk‐averse piezoelectric control of random vibrations of beams
Authors: Marín F.J. , Martínez‐Frutos J. , Periago Francisco 
Published: April 2018

SummaryThis paper proposes a risk‐averse formulation for the problem of piezoelectric control of random vibrations of elastic structures. The proposed formulation, inspired by the notion of risk aversion in economy, is applied to the piezoelectric control of a Bernoulli‐Euler beam subjected to uncertainties in its input data. To address the high computational burden associated to the presence of random fields in the model and the discontinuities involved in the cost functional and its gradient, a combination of a nonintrusive anisotropic polynomial chaos approach for uncertainty propagation with a Monte Carlo sampling method is proposed. In the first part, the well‐posedness of the control problem is established by proving the existence of optimal controls. In the second part, an adaptive gradient‐based method is proposed for the numerical resolution of the problem. Several experiments illustrate the performance of the proposed approach and the significant differences that may occur between the classical deterministic formulation of the problem and its stochastic risk‐averse counterpart.
Photochemical grafting of polysulfobetaine onto polyethylene and polystyrene surfaces and investigation of long‐term stability of the polysulfobetaine layer in seawater
Authors: Mosnáček Jaroslav , Osička Jozef , Popelka Anton , Zavahir Sifani , Ben‐Hamadou Radhouane , Kasák Peter 
Published: April 2018

Low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) and polystyrene (PS) films with hydrophilic surface were prepared by photochemical grafting of sulfobetaine‐based copolymer containing photolabile moiety, and long‐term stability of the hydrophilic nature of the surfaces in seawater was proved. The sulfobetaine‐based copolymer was prepared by copolymerization of N,N‐dimethyl‐N‐(3‐(methacryloylamino)propyl)‐N‐(3‐sulfopropyl) ammonium betaine with 2 or 5 mol% of N‐methacryloyl‐4‐azidoaniline, and the resulted polymers were grafted onto the plasma pretreated LDPE and PS films. The contact angle measurements were used to prove the modification as well as to follow the changes in the hydrophilicity during storage at room temperature under air atmosphere as well as in seawater at 32°C. The stability of the polymer layer was confirmed also by FTIR and AFM. Polysulfobetaine‐modified LDPE and PS surfaces exhibited significantly higher long‐term hydrophilicity compared with only plasma treated LDPE and PS surfaces.
A methodology to analyze photovoltaic tracker uptime
Authors: Ruth Dan , Muller Matthew 
Published: April 2018

AbstractA metric is developed to analyze the daily performance of single‐axis photovoltaic (PV) trackers. The metric relies on comparing correlations between the daily time series of the PV power output and an array of simulated plane‐of‐array irradiances for the given day. Mathematical thresholds and a logic sequence are presented, so the daily tracking metric can be applied in an automated fashion on large‐scale PV systems. The results of applying the metric are visually examined against the time series of the power output data for a large number of days and for various systems. The visual inspection results suggest that overall, the algorithm is accurate in identifying stuck or functioning trackers on clear‐sky days. Visual inspection also shows that there are days that are not classified by the metric where the power output data may be sufficient to identify a stuck tracker. Based on the daily tracking metric, uptime results are calculated for 83 different inverters at 34 PV sites. The mean tracker uptime is calculated at 99% based on 2 different calculation methods. The daily tracking metric clearly has limitations, but as there is no existing metrics in the literature, it provides a valuable tool for flagging stuck trackers.
A comparative life cycle assessment of end‐of‐life treatment pathways for photovoltaic backsheets
Authors: Aryan Venkat , Font‐Brucart Mercè , Maga Daniel 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn light of growing photovoltaic (PV) installation capacities around the world, and with it the increasing number of decommissioned modules, it is vital that PV waste is duly treated to recover valuable materials as well as to comply with legislative requirements. The European Union (EU) directive on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment and the Restriction of Hazardous Substances mandates manufacturers, retailers, and importers to collectively organise and finance the end‐of‐life (EoL) stage of electronic products in the EU. Using life cycle assessment, this study makes a comparative analysis of the environmental impacts stemming from the EoL treatment of fluorine‐free and fluorinated backsheet material present in PV modules. The 2 potential EoL treatment scenarios explored in this study are incineration and pyrolysis. In general, the life cycle assessment of fluorine‐free backsheet material shows better environmental performance than fluorinated backsheet material for both EoL scenarios. For incineration scenario, the environmental impact of fluorine‐free backsheet is evidently better than fluorinated backsheet across 11 out of 12 investigated impact categories. Similarly for pyrolysis scenario, fluorine‐free backsheets have better environmental performance than fluorinated backsheets in 8 out of 12 impact categories. Furthermore, because of the release of high amounts of hydrogen fluoride, as well as the presence of halogenated hydrocarbons and halogenated aromatics in pyrolysis products, it can be concluded that pyrolysis is not an environmentally feasible pathway for fluorinated backsheet.
Isobaric Tag‐Based Protein Profiling of a Nicotine‐Treated Alpha7 Nicotinic Receptor‐Null Human Haploid Cell Line
Authors: Paulo Joao A. , Gygi Steven P. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractNicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR), the primary cell surface targets of nicotine, have implications in various neurological disorders. Here we investigate the proteome‐wide effects of nicotine on human haploid cell lines (wildtype HAP1 and α7KO‐HAP1) to address differences in nicotine‐induced protein abundance profiles between these cell lines. We performed an SPS‐MS3‐based TMT10‐plex experiment arranged in a 2‐3‐2‐3 design with two replicates of the untreated samples and three of the treated samples for each cell line. We quantified 8775 proteins across all ten samples, of which several hundred differed significantly in abundance. Comparing α7KO‐HAP1 and HAP1wt cell lines to each other revealed significant protein abundance alterations; however, we also measured differences resulting from nicotine treatment in both cell lines. Among proteins with increased abundance levels due to nicotine treatment included those previously identified: APP, APLP2, and ITM2B. The magnitude of these changes was greater in HAP1wt compared to the α7KO‐HAP1 cell line, implying a potential role for the α7 nAChR in HAP1 cells. Moreover, the data revealed that membrane proteins and proteins commonly associated with neurons were predominant among those with altered abundance. This study, which is the first TMT‐based proteome profiling of HAP1 cells, defines further the effects of nicotine on non‐neuronal cellular proteomes.
Polymerized ionic liquids: Effects of counter‐anions on ion conduction and polymerization kinetics
Authors: Chen Mingtao , Dugger Jason W. , Li Xiuli , Wang Yangyang , Kumar Rajeev , Meek Kelly M. , Uhrig David W. , Browning James F. , Madsen Louis A. , Long Timothy E. , Lokitz Bradley S. 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTA novel imidazolium‐containing monomer, 1‐[ω‐methacryloyloxydecyl]‐3‐(n‐butyl)‐imidazolium (1BDIMA), was synthesized and polymerized using free radical and controlled free radical polymerization followed by post‐polymerization ion exchange with bromide (Br), tetrafluoroborate (BF4), hexafluorophosphate (PF6), or bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (Tf2N). The thermal properties and ionic conductivity of the polymers showed a strong dependence on the counter‐ions and had glass transition temperatures (Tg) and ion conductivities at room temperature ranging from 10 °C to −42 °C and 2.09 × 10−7S cm−1to 2.45 × 10−5S cm−1. In particular, PILs with Tf2N counter‐ions showed excellent ion conductivity of 2.45 × 10−5S cm−1at room temperature without additional ionic liquids (ILs) being added to the system, making them suitable for further study as electro‐responsive materials. In addition to the counter‐ions, solvent was found to have a significant effect on the reversible addition‐fragmentation chain‐transfer polymerization (RAFT) for 1BDIMA with different counter‐ions. For example, 1BDIMATf2N would not polymerize in acetonitrile (MeCN) at 65 °C and only achieved low monomer conversion (< 5%) at 75 °C. However, 1BDIMA‐Tf2N proceeded to high conversion in dimethylformamide (DMF) at 65 °C and 1BDIMABr polymerized significantly faster in DMF compared to MeCN. NMR diffusometry was used to investigate the kinetic differences by probing the diffusion coefficients for each monomer and counter‐ion in MeCN and DMF. These results indicate that the reaction rates are not diffusion limited, and point to a need for deeper understanding of the role electrostatics plays in the kinetics of free radical polymerizations. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem.2018,56, 1346–1357
A cross‐sectional study of agreement between the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and patient‐ and radiation oncologist–reported single‐item assessment of depression and anxiety
Authors: Mackenzie Lisa , Carey Mariko , Suzuki Eiji , Yoshimura Michio , Toi Masakazu , D'Este Catherine , Sanson‐Fisher Rob 
Published: April 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo describe among radiation oncology patients: (1) the proportion likely to be experiencing symptoms of depression and anxiety as identified by (a) the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS; standardised tool), (b) patient‐reported single items (ultrashort tool), and (c) radiation oncologist–reported single items (clinician judgement); (2) preferences for being offered psychological support; and (3) agreement between single‐item measures and the HADS.MethodsAdult cancer patients (n = 152; consent rate 58%) receiving radiotherapy completed a touchscreen tablet survey assessing symptoms of anxiety and depression (HADS and a single‐item tool) and support preferences. Each participant's treating radiation oncologist completed a survey assessing his or her perception of whether the patient was anxious or depressed.ResultsPrevalence estimates for likely depression (6.9‐18%) and anxiety (17‐33%) overlapped across the 3 measures. Overall, only 9.9% of patients (95% CI, 5.6%‐16%) wanted to be offered psychological support. For depression, agreement between the HADS and ultrashort tool was fair (κ = 0.37, P < 0.0001); agreement between the HADS and clinician judgement was slight (κ = 0.14, P < 0.05). For anxiety, agreement between the HADS and clinician judgement was not significantly greater than chance alone (κ = 0.04, P = 0.33), and agreement between the HADS and ultrashort tool was moderate (κ = 0.49, P < 0.0001).ConclusionsThese findings highlight the important role that oncology consultations play in interpreting assessment tool results and responding to individual patient's history and preferences for psychological support.
Sleep and mood during hospitalization for high‐dose chemotherapy and hematopoietic rescue in pediatric medulloblastoma
Authors: Graef Danielle M. , Crabtree Valerie McLaughlin , Srivastava Deo Kumar , Li Chenghong , Pritchard Michele , Hinds Pamela S. , Mandrell Belinda 
Published: April 2018

AbstractObjectiveDisrupted sleep is common in pediatric cancer, which is associated with psychological distress and may impact neural recovery. Information regarding sleep during pediatric brain tumor treatment is limited. This study aimed to describe objective sleep‐wake patterns and examine the sleep‐mood relation in youth hospitalized for intensive chemotherapy and stem cell rescue.MethodsParticipants included 37 patients (M age = 9.6 ± 4.2 years) enrolled on a medulloblastoma protocol (SJMB03) and their parents. Respondents completed a mood disturbance measure on 3 days, and patients wore an actigraph for 5 days as an objective estimate of sleep‐wake patterns. General linear mixed models examined the relation between nocturnal sleep and next‐day mood, as well as mood and that night's sleep.ResultsSleep duration was deficient, sleep efficiency was poor, and daytime napping was common, with large between‐subjects variability. There were minimal mood concerns across all days. The sleep and next‐day mood relationship was nonsignificant (P > .05). Greater parent‐reported child mood disturbance on day 2 was associated with decreased same‐night sleep (P < .001) and greater patient‐reported mood disturbance was associated with greater same‐night sleep latency (P = .036).ConclusionsPatients with medulloblastoma are vulnerable to disturbed sleep during hospitalization, and mood may be an important correlate to consider. Sleep and mood are modifiable factors that may be targeted to maximize daytime functioning.
Psychiatric disorders among children of parents with cancer: A Swedish register‐based matched cohort study
Authors: Chen Ruoqing , Regodón Wallin Amanda , Norén Selinus Eva , Sjölander Arvid , Fall Katja , Valdimarsdóttir Unnur , Czene Kamila , Fang Fang 
Published: April 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the risk of psychiatric disorders among children of parents with cancer in a nationwide population‐based setting.MethodsBased on Swedish national registers, the study included 101 339 children with parental cancer diagnosed either during pregnancy (N = 1047) or after birth (N = 100 292) that were born during 1983 to 2000. For each exposed child, we randomly selected 10 unexposed children from the general population after individual matching by year of birth and sex. The matched cohort was followed during 2001 to 2010. Clinical diagnoses of psychiatric disorders and use of prescribed psychiatric medications were identified for all children. Cox regression and logistic regression were used to evaluate the associations of parental cancer with psychiatric disorder diagnosis and psychiatric medication use, respectively.ResultsParental cancer during pregnancy was not associated with the risk of psychiatric disorders overall, although paternal cancer during pregnancy was associated with a higher risk of psychiatric medication use among females. Parental cancer after birth was associated with higher risks of psychiatric disorder diagnoses, particularly stress reaction and adjustment disorders (males: hazard ratio [HR]: 1.24, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08‐1.43; females: HR: 1.27, 95% CI, 1.14‐1.41), and use of psychiatric medication (males: odds ratio [OR]: 1.09, 95% CI, 1.04‐1.13; females: OR: 1.14, 95% CI, 1.10‐1.18). The positive associations were stronger for parental cancer with poor expected survival and for parental death after cancer diagnosis.ConclusionsParental cancer, primarily the life‐threatening cancer, might confer a higher risk of psychiatric disorders among children. These findings have potential implications for health care professionals in providing targeted support to children living with a parent with cancer.