bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene insecurity and infectious disease outbreaks among internally displaced populations in Gaza: Implications of conflict-driven displacement on public health
Authors: Zinszer Kate , Abuzerr Samer 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

This study aims to assess the impact of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WaSH) insecurity on the health of displaced populations and identify key factors associated with the spread of infectious diseases. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including both quantitative and qualitative components. The quantitative component involved a cross-sectional survey of 1,500 displaced persons across five Gaza Strip governorates from 3 April to 6 August 2024. The sample size was calculated to ensure statistical significance and representativeness of the population. Data on the incidence of infectious diseases were collected and adjusted for the sample size. The qualitative component included in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with a subset of participants to gain insights into their experiences and coping strategies. The quantitative analysis revealed high incidence rates of various infectious diseases among the displaced population. Diarrhea and acute respiratory infections were the most prevalent, with incidence rates of 24.9 and 49.3%, respectively. Other significant findings included rates of skin rash (3.7%), scabies (2.5%), and acute viral hepatitis (5.6%). Qualitative data highlighted severe WaSH-related challenges, including inadequate access to clean water and sanitation facilities. Participants reported widespread health issues, psychological distress, and resource scarcity.
SGSM2 in Uveal Melanoma: Implications for Survival, Immune Infiltration, and Drug Sensitivity
Authors: Liang Demao , Zhang Qiuli , Pang Yanhua , Yan Rili , Ke Yi 
Published: November 2024

Background:
The abnormal expression of small G protein signaling modulator 2 (SGSM2)
is related to the occurrence of thyroid cancer and breast cancer. However, the role of SGSM2
in uveal melanoma (UVM) is unclear.

Objects:
To elucidate this ambiguity, our study utilized bioinformatics analysis and experimental
validation.

Methods:
The expression of SGSM2 was detected in UVM cell lines through quantitative real--
time PCR (qRT-PCR). We utilized the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database to assess the relationship
between SGSM2 expression and clinical characteristics, as well as its prognostic significance
in UVM. Furthermore, the study examined potential regulatory networks involving SGSM2
in relation to immune infiltration, immune checkpoint genes, microsatellite instability (MSI), and
drug sensitivity in UVM. The study also examined SGSM2 expression in UVM single-cell sequencing
data.

Results:
SGSM2 was highly expressed in UVM cell lines. Moreover, elevated levels of SGSM2
in UVM patients were significantly linked to poorer overall survival (OS) (p < 0.001), progress-
free survival (PFS) (p < 0.001), and disease-specific survival (DSS) (p < 0.001). Additionally,
SGSM2 expression was identified as an independent prognostic factor in UVM patients (p <
0.001). SGSM2 was associated with several pathways, including the calcium signaling pathway,
natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity, cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), and others. The study
revealed that SGSM2 expression in UVM is linked to immune infiltration, immune checkpoint
genes, and MSI. Additionally, a significant inverse correlation was observed between SGSM2 expression
and the compounds GSK690693, TL-2-105, PHA-793887, Tubastatin A, and SB52334 in
UVM patients.

Conclusion:
SGSM2 may not only serve as an important indicator for prognostic assessment.
Still, it may also be a key target for the development of new therapeutic approaches, providing
new perspectives on the treatment of UVM patients.
C-Reactive Protein Biosensor for Diagnosing Infections Caused by Orthopedic Trauma
Authors: Liu Xiancui , Wang Cunhua , Fu Honglong , Li Xudong , Gopinath Subash C.B. , Subramaniam Sreeramanan 
Published: November 2024

Introduction:
Infections linked to orthopedic trauma are common complications
that place a significant strain on the healthcare system. Immediate identification of
the infection and its severity is essential for providing effective treatment.

Method:
C-reactive Protein (CRP) is a commonly used inflammatory marker in orthopedic
surgery and has proven to be a valuable biomarker for diagnosing and monitoring infections.
Specifically, CRP aids in the early identification of postoperative infections.
This research work has focused on developing a highly sensitive CRP biosensor using
iron oxide nanomaterial-modified dielectric sensors.

Result:
Gold Urchin (GU)-conjugated aptamers and antibodies were used as probes and
attached to the electrode via amine linkers. The aptamer-GU-antibody-modified electrode
detected CRP at concentrations as low as 1 pg/mL, with an R2 value of 0.9942. Furthermore,
CRP-spiked serum exhibited an increase in current response at all concentrations
of CRP, indicating selective detection of CRP. Additionally, control experiments
using complementary sequences of the aptamer, relevant proteins, and non-immune antibodies
did not enhance the current responses, confirming the specific identification of
CRP.

Conclusion:
The sensing strategy has enabled the detection of CRP at its lowest levels,
facilitating the identification of infections during orthopedic surgery and subsequent
treatment.
Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Cell Wall Proteins of Aminoglycosides Resistant and Sensitive Mycobacterium tuberculosis Clinical Isolates
Authors: Sharma Devesh , Gautam Sakshi , Srivastava Nalini , Khan Abdul Mabood , Bisht Deepa 
Published: November 2024

Introduction:
The rising prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) strains resistant
to aminoglycosides (amikacin and kanamycin) challenges effective TB control and treatment.
Understanding the mechanisms behind this resistance is crucial since aminoglycosides are a mainstay
of TB therapy.

Aim:
The study aimed to analyze the cell wall proteins overexpressed in aminoglycoside-resistant
isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis using proteomics approaches.

Methods:
We used two-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry to compare the cell
wall proteomes of aminoglycosides-resistant and susceptible clinical isolates. The overexpressed
protein spots were excised and identified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS).
The identified proteins were subsequently analyzed for molecular docking, pupylation site
identification, and STRING analysis.

Results:
We found a total of nine significantly upregulated proteins in aminoglycosides-resistant
isolates. Three of these proteins were the same (isoform), resulting in the identification of seven
unique proteins. Specifically, Rv3841 and Rv1308 belonged to intermediary metabolism and respiration;
Rv2115c to the cell wall and cell processes; Rv2501c, Rv2247 and Rv0295c to lipid
metabolism; and Rv2416c to virulence, detoxification/adaptation. Notably, variations in these proteins
support cell wall integrity, aiding mycobacteria's establishment and proliferation. Molecular
docking study revealed that both drugs bind strongly to the proteins' active site regions. Additionally,
the GPS-PUP algorithm successfully identified possible pupylation sites within these proteins,
except Rv0295c. Based on interactome analysis using the STRING 12.0 database, we have
identified potential interactive partners suggesting their role in aminoglycosides resistance.

Conclusion:
Overexpressed proteins not only act to counteract or regulate drug effects but also
have a role in protein dynamics that allow for resistance. Some of these identified proteins may
serve as innovative drug targets and biomarkers for the early detection of drug-specific resistance
in M.tb. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms by which these potential protein
targets contribute to resistance in AK and KM M.tb isolates.
Investigating the Therapeutic Potential of Gracilaria edulis Extract in Copper-exposed Zebrafish Embryos: An Anti-inflammatory Perspective
Authors: Binesh Ambika , Venkatachalam Kaliyamurthi , Ramachandran Saravanan 
Published: November 2024

Introduction:
Harnessing the bioactive compounds from seaweed for inflammatory diseases
holds great promise for developing new and effective treatments that are natural, sustainable,
and potentially free from the side effects commonly associated with synthetic drugs.

Method:
The objective of this study was to examine the phytochemical levels, as well as the antioxidant
and anti-inflammatory properties of the edible red seaweed Gracilaria edulis. The methanol
extract of the seaweed showed potent radical scavenging activity. Analysis using GC-MS techniques
identified two distinct phytochemical compounds in G. edulis extract, namely 1,1-dipropylhydrazine
and 4-chlorobuten-3-yne.

Results:
When tested on copper-induced zebrafish embryos, the extract reversed the upregulation of
MMP9 and NFκBp65, as evidenced by western blotting and zymography methods.

Conclusion:
These findings suggest that the bioactive compounds found in G. edulis extract could be
utilized for the development of natural sources for antiradicals, food supplements, nutraceuticals, and
various functional foods with therapeutic applications.
Exploring Pharmacological Mechanisms, Clinical Trials and Patent Landscapes of Berberine: A Review
Authors: Saini Vishakha , Deswal Geeta , Dhingra Ashwani K. , Singh Jagdeep , Kumar Jatin , Saini Avdesh 
Published: November 2024

Abstract:
Traditional Chinese medicine has used berberine (BBR) for a long time. Berberine is a
natural compound found in several plants, including Berberis lyceum Royle, Berberis thunbergii DC,
Berberis koreana Palib., Berberis vulgaris L., Mahonia aquifolium, Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr.,
and Chelidonium majus L. Berberine is believed to help treat many diseases, such as ovarian and
colorectal cancer, high blood pressure, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, heart disorders,
depression, viral infections, and inflammatory diseases. However, when taken orally, berberine
quickly breaks down in the body, leading to low levels in the bloodstream. This means that its absorption
in the intestines is limited, which reduces its effectiveness despite its potential health benefits.
The liver is the main organ that processes and uses berberine in both animals and humans, and
about 84% of berberine and its byproducts are excreted in the feces. We thoroughly reviewed the
available research on berberine from reliable sources like PubMed, ScienceDirect, ClinicalTrials.
gov, and Scopus. Our study summarizes the latest findings on the therapeutic benefits of berberine
and provides updated information on clinical research and patents. This review covers the various
pharmacological effects of berberine, including its use in treating Alzheimer's disease, high blood
pressure, neuroprotective effects, anti-arrhythmia, Parkinson's disease, diabetes, cancer, and depression.
Enhancing Image Dehazing Efficiency with Dual Colour Space Attentional Deep Networks
Authors: A M Ashwini , A B Anne Gowda , N Sridevi , Krishna Nanditha , N V Babu , D Anil Kumar 
Published: November 2024

Aims and Background:
Image dehazing is an essential task in computer-vision, aimed at
enhancing the clarity and visibility of images degraded by fog and haze. Traditional methods often
struggle with handling the complex scattering effects of haze and maintaining the natural colours of
the scene.

Objectives and Methodology:
To address these challenges, we propose a novel approach termed
Dual Colour Space Attentional Deep Network (DCSADN) for efficient image dehazing. Our method
leverages the advantages of two-colour spaces: RGB and YCbCr, to boost the network's skill to
capture both the luminance and chrominance information, thereby improving the dehazing performance.
We employ a multi-stage training strategy to optimize the performance of the DCSADN.
This multi-stage approach ensures that the network generalizes well across different types of haze
conditions. Extensive experiments demonstrate the superiority of our method over state-of-the-art
dehazing techniques.

Results:
The results indicate that our approach not only achieves higher quantitative scores in terms
of Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) but also produces
dehazed images with more natural colours and details.

Conclusion:
The findings reveal that the dual colour space processing and attentional modules are
crucial for the enhanced performance of our method and providing a valuable tool for improving
image quality in hazy conditions.
Enhanced Transdermal Delivery of Cilnidpine Via Ultradeformable
Vesicle Loaded Patch: Statistical Optimization, Characterization and
Pharmacokinetic Assessment
Authors: Reddy Dagada Maheswara , Mohan Mothilal 
Published: November 2024

Objective:
The study aimed to address the limitations of oral delivery and enhance the bioavailability
of Cilnidipine (often prescribed as antihypertensive drug) (CND) through the development
of transdermal patches containing ultra-deformable transferosomes.

Methods:
CND, known for its low oral bioavailability and adverse effects, was encapsulated in
transferosomes using a thin film hydration method. Seventeen formulations were made (using Box
Behnken Design), varying Soya lecithin, Tween-80, and rotary evaporator’s speed, and evaluated for
vesicle size, polydispersity index (PDI), and entrapment efficiency (EE %). The better formulation
was selected based on these parameters and incorporated into transdermal patches. Physicochemical
properties, in-vitro and ex-vivo permeation, and skin irritancy studies were conducted on the patches.
Pharmacokinetic studies were conducted using male Wistar albino rats.

Results:
The study found that the developed transferosomal formulations had vesicle sizes between
185 nm and 401 nm, entrapment efficiency (EE%) between 63% and 92%, and zeta potential ranging
from -52 mV to -20 mV. Both in-vitro and ex-vivo permeation studies showed that transferosomal
formulations provided significantly better drug permeation than plain Cilnidipine patches, with
increased permeation linked to higher PEG-400 concentrations. The transferosomal patches did not
cause skin irritation. The optimized formulation exhibited a higher % drug release (85.7±1.5%). In
pharmacokinetic studies using male Wistar albino rats, the transferosomal patch CTP-17 demonstrated
a higher maximum concentration (Cmax) of 1565.068 mcg/ml and a greater area under the
curve (AUC) of 13225.352 μg h/ml compared to oral administration.

Conclusion:
The study concludes that the transferosomal patches of CND offer a promising approach
for effective transdermal delivery, potentially improving hypertension management for prolonged
periods in a controlled manner.
Investigation of Novel Quinoline Derivatives Targeting Epidermal Growth Factor Receptors as Anticancer Agents a Computational Approach
Authors: Mhaske Ganesh S. , Sonkusare Diksha R. , Ganage Asmita D. , Toraskar Shraddha M. , Rokade Siddhesh V. , Dighe Shweta B. , Sakpal Pramod H. 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Newer chemical entities are created and synthesis has been made feasible
by a variety of computer-aided drug design (CAAD) techniques. In addition to facilitating
the visualisation of the ligand-target binding process, the application of in silico methodologies
and structure-based drug design (SBDD) allows for the prediction of receptor affinities and significant
binding pocket locations.

Objective:
The goal of the current study was to identify new quinoline derivatives by
computational methods specially designed to bind the EGFR receptor in the treatment of breast
cancer.

Materials and Methods:
ChemAxon Marvin Sketch 5.11.5 was used to create derivatives
of quinolines. The admetSAR online web tools and SwissADME were utilised to forecast
the toxicity and pharmacokinetic characteristics of several substances. A multitude of software
programmes, such as Autodock 1.1.2, MGL Tools 1.5.6, Procheck, Protparam ExPasy
tool, PyMOL, and Biovia Discovery Studio Visualizer v20.1.0.19295 were also employed to
ascertain the ligand-receptor interactions between quinoline derivatives and the target receptor
(PDB -5GNK).

Result:
Almost all components were shown to be less hazardous, orally consumable and to have
the appropriate pharmacokinetic characteristics based on in silico study. All newly generated
derivative compounds have higher docking scores when compared to the widely used medication
sorafenib.

Conclusion:
Interactions with quinoline analogues boost binding energy and the number of Hbonds
produced, making them a suitable place to start when creating compounds for further exploration.
The quinoline moiety increases its potential as a novel therapy alternative for breast
cancer and could facilitate more comprehensive in vivo, in vitro, chemical-based, and pharma
studies by medicinal chemists.
A Comprehensive Survey on Cyber-Physical System Security in the Internet of Things (IoT): Addressing and Solutions
Authors: Murugan G , Padmaja C. , Sindhuja R. , Yarde Pallavi , Chitanya Guduri , Bamane Kalyan Devappa , Sudhakar M. 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) integrate computing, control, and
communication technologies, bridging cyberspace and the physical world to enhance critical
infrastructure and safety-critical systems. Existing surveys often address CPS security from a
single perspective, necessitating a more comprehensive approach.

Methods:
This paper presents a thorough review of CPS security from three perspectives: the
physical domain, the cyber domain, and the cyber-physical domain. We examine attacks on
physical components like sensors, cyber-attacks targeting CPSs, and integrated cyber-physical
attacks. For each domain, we analyse corresponding detection and defence mechanisms.

Results:
Our review reveals that CPSs face significant security threats across all domains. In
the physical domain, attacks on sensors can disrupt system operations, but various defences are
available. In the cyber domain, CPSs are vulnerable to malware, hacking, and denial-of-service
attacks, with several detection and defence strategies in place. The cyber-physical domain
highlights complex threats where cyber-attacks cause physical damage, requiring comprehensive
security approaches.

Conclusion:
By examining CPS security from multiple perspectives, this review provides a
holistic understanding of current threats and defence mechanisms. It identifies future research
directions to enhance CPS security, aiming to better protect critical infrastructure against
evolving cyber threats.
Smart Health Monitoring Approach to Diagnose Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorderbased on Real-Time Activity and Heart Rate Variability using Boosting Models
Authors: Kaur Amandeep , Singh Kuldeep , Kaur Prabhpreet , Priya Bhanu , Kumar Gajendra , Sharma Abhishek 
Published: November 2024

Introduction:
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent
chronic mental health condition that significantly impacts the psychological and physical wellbeing
of millions of adolescents. Early detection and accurate diagnosis are crucial for effective
treatment and mitigating the disorder's adverse effects. Despite extensive research efforts,
current methods often fall short in simultaneously accounting for daily motor activity and heart
rate variability in ADHD detection.

Method:
Addressing these gaps, this paper introduces a histogram-based gradient-boosting
classifier for analyzing real-time activity and heart-rate variability data to automate ADHD diagnosis.
By extracting twelve key features from the data and selecting the most significant
ones with the extra tree model, we evaluate these features using various classifiers, including
histogram-based gradient boosting, light gradient boosting machine, extreme gradient boosting,
gradient boosting, and adaptive boosting.

Results:
The histogram-based gradient-boosting model, validated through ten-fold crossvalidation,
outperforms other classifiers with an accuracy of 99.12%, an F1 measure of
99.12%, and a sensitivity of 99.13%. Additionally, it achieves a specificity of 99.1%, an AUC
of 0.9995, and a minimal FDR of 0.88%. These results demonstrate that the proposed approach
offers a highly effective and precise solution for automated ADHD diagnosis.

Conclusion:
The implications of these findings suggest that integrating real-time activity and
heart-rate variability data into diagnostic processes can significantly enhance the accuracy and
efficiency of ADHD assessment, potentially leading to earlier and more reliable diagnoses, improved
patient outcomes, and more tailored treatment strategies.
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Bacteria Isolated from Hemocultures of Patients Attended in a Campaign Hospital During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Werneck Almeida Avella Russo Marina , dos Santos Chagas Camila , Galimberti Arruk Viviana , Luiz Affonso Fonseca Fernando , Marie Van der Heijden Natario Inneke 
Published: November 2024

Introduction:
Primary bloodstream infections are most commonly related to health care
and are associated with intravascular devices, increasing patient mortality, length of stay, and health
care costs. Among the complications of hospitalizations for COVID-19, bloodstream infection is one
of the most prevalent, requiring prevention and early treatment. Due to the contingency of hospital
resources during the pandemic, understanding the prevalence and incidence of antimicrobial agents
that cause bloodstream infections and using exams judiciously are essential public health measures,
avoiding the misuse of antimicrobials and being able to establish treatment.

Objective:
This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility profile and the prevalence
of etiological agents of bloodstream infections in patients with COVID-19 at the field hospital in the
city of São Bernardo do Campo - SP.

Method:
A descriptive, observational, and retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out on the
results of blood cultures already collected for diagnostic purposes from patients from May to August
2020 at the same hospital.

Results:
Of the 300 blood cultures analyzed, 73.7% of the samples showed no bacterial growth.
Among the others, the main bacteria found were Klebsiella pneumoniae, sensitive to tigecycline,
present in 30 (10%), followed by Staphylococcus sp. (coagulase-negative, non-lugdunensis), sensitive
only to doxycycline, gentamicin, tetracycline, and vancomycin, in only 2 (14.3%) samples.

Conclusion:
In this study, a low rate of laboratory-confirmed bacterial coinfection was identified in
patients with COVID-19.