bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Data/pilot combination strategies for Compass B1C signal acquisition
Authors: Wang Yiwei , Li Wengang , Qian Tianrong , Huang Chen 
Published: September 2018

SummaryThe new Compass B1C signal, with a power ratio of the data channel to the pilot channel of 1:3, adopts BOC(1,1) in its data channel; a new modulation, namely, a quadrature multiplexed binary offset carrier (QMBOC) in its pilot channel modulates the narrowband BOC(1,1) and the wideband BOC(6,1) components in phase quadrature with each other. To fully exploit the B1C signal and to improve the acquisition sensitivity in a degraded signal or an indoor environment, this paper proposes to combine the data and the pilot channels for B1C signal acquisition. The noncoherent, coherent, and differential coherent strategies are considered for application in the B1C signal. Considering the power inequality between the data and the pilot channels, the maximum signal‐to‐noise ratio combination (MRC) is utilized in these strategies to obtain an optimal combination. This paper also proposes to simplify the differential coherent strategy to obtain a better anti‐noise performance under stable conditions. The computer simulation results are given to verify the theoretical expressions, and some discussions with respect to the proposed strategies are provided.
Towards improved satellite telecommand link availability
Authors: Noels Nele , Aguilar Sánchez Ignacio 
Published: September 2018

SummaryCompliant with the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) set of protocols, we explore enhancing the availability service for space links. In particular, we consider specific improved defences against jamming attacks affecting symbol synchronization. More robust adaptive closed‐loop symbol synchronizers are designated with a view to the planned update of the CCSDS standard for the telecommand synchronization and channel coding sublayer of the data link layer. It is shown that adaptive schemes exploiting instantaneous jammer state information are recommended to counter destructive attacks that may harm the availability.
Long-Term Engraftment (16 Years) of Myoblasts in a Human Infarcted Heart
Authors: Crahès Marie , Bories Marie-Cécile , Vilquin Jean-Thomas , Marolleau Jean-Pierre , Desnos Michel , Larghero Jérôme , Soulat Gilles , Bruneval Patrick , Hagège Albert A. , Menasché Philippe 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
We report the case of a patient who had undergone injections of myoblasts in an infarct area 16 years before being referred for heart transplantation. The pathological examination of the explanted heart found persisting myotubes embedded in fibrosis. This finding supports the ability of myoblasts to survive in harsh environments, which can make them appealing candidates for transplantation in diseases requiring supply of new myogenic cells.
Sputtering yield for Na and Cl ions on a graphene and SiC membrane in the reverse osmosis method
Authors: Rochd Sanaa , El Marsi Meriem , Mizani Soufiya , Salama Latifa , Lahlou Souad , Moultif Rachida , Dezairi Aouatif 
Published: September 2018

Graphene is a single layer thick consisted by honeycomb‐packed sp2 carbon atom; nanoporous graphene holds great promise in the application of filtration such as reverse osmosis method using a semipermeable membrane to remove ions, molecules, and larger particles from drinking water. The movement of molecules and ions can caused by a collision between the ions, molecules, and the graphene, so we can talk about the sputtering. In this work, we have studied the sputtering yield by Na and Cl ions to examine the potential and the challenges of osmosis membrane from graphene in order to predict the performance of the graphene membrane for use in the reverse osmosis method.
Pd/SBA‐15 Catalysts for Hydrogenation of Furfuryl Alcohol to Tetrahydrofurfuryl Alcohol
Authors: Chada Raji Reddy , Enumula Siva Sankar , Koppadi Kumara Swamy , Babu Gurram Venkata Ramesh , Rao Kamaraju Seetha Rama , Burri David Raju 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWith the aim of hydrogenating furfuryl alcohol into tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol by avoiding high pressure operations and harmful solvents, a mild and sustainabable operaration is adopted. At this juncture, 1Pd/SBA15, 2Pd/SBA‐15 and 3Pd/SBA‐15 catalysts (where 1, 2 and 3 are wt% of Pd) were prepared by wet impregnation method and characterized by powder X‐ray Diffraction, N2‐physorption, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy, CO‐Pulse Chemisorption, H2‐Temperature Programmed Reduction, and Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopytechniques. Among the three catalysts, 2Pd/SBA‐15 catalyst is capable of transforming furfuryl alcohol to tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol with nearly 100% conversion and 85% selectivity.The high surface area of SBA‐15 and high dispersion of Pd nanoparticles with large number seems to be influencing such high catalytic activity of 2Pd/SBA‐15. The 2Pd/SBA‐15 catalyst offers stable activity and selectivity during 12 h time on stream, signifying the role of support in the stabilization of Pd nano particles.
Parental drinking as context for parental socialization of adolescent alcohol use
Authors: Cox Melissa J. , Janssen Tim , Lopez‐Vergara Hector , Barnett Nancy P. , Jackson Kristina M. 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTIntroductionWhile alcohol‐specific parenting practices have demonstrated unique effects on adolescent substance use, their efficacy in the context of parental drinking levels has not been studied. This study assessed the influence of three alcohol‐specific parenting practices (rules, punishment, communication) on adolescent alcohol use, and the degree to which those associations varied by parents’ own drinking.MethodsWe conducted logistic regression analyses among US adolescents (N = 1023; 52% female; 12% Hispanic; 76% Caucasian, 5% Black, 8% mixed race, 11% other race/ethnicity; mean age at enrollment = 12.2 years) to examine the relationship between alcohol‐specific parenting practices and the odds of ever having experienced two drinking milestones, having a full drink of alcohol and a heavy drinking episode, and whether parental drinking levels moderated those associations.ResultsStrict rules for drinking, higher levels of cautionary communication messages, and punishment for drinking were associated with lower odds of alcohol use. Witnessing parent drinking increased the risk for both alcohol outcomes. Furthermore, parental drinking modified the influence of parental cautionary messages on alcohol use such that the effect was particularly salient for those youth who witnessed and whose parents reported higher levels of alcohol use.ConclusionsFamily‐based preventive interventions should include skills training in alcohol‐specific parenting practices with emphasis on reducing parental alcohol use particularly when children are present.
Emergency medicine resident wellness: Lessons learned from a national survey
Authors: Taher Ahmed , Hart Alexander , Dattani Neil Dinesh , Poonja Zafrina , Bova Christina , Bandiera Glen , Pardhan Kaif 
Published: September 2018

CLINICIAN’S CAPSULEWhat is known about the topic?Emergency medicine (EM) residents face many wellness challenges during residency.What did this study ask?What was the current landscape of Canadian EM resident wellness?What did this study find?Canadian EM residents face a multitude of psychosocial and physical wellness challenges, while supports may not be adequate.Why does this study matter to clinicians?Opportunities exist to further investigate resident wellness with validated tools, engage stakeholders, and advance the EM resident wellness agenda.
Topical tranexamic acid for the treatment of epistaxis in patients using antiplatelet agents
Authors: Sanderson Mark , Powell James , Lang Eddy 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTClinical questionDoes the addition of topical tranexamic acid to anterior nasal packing decrease bleeding in patients with epistaxis who are taking antiplatelet medications?Article chosenZahed R, Jayazeri M, Naderi A, et al. Topical tranexamic acid compared with anterior nasal packing for treatment of epistaxis in patients taking antiplatelet drugs: randomized controlled trial. Acad Emerg Med 2018;25(3):261-6.ObjectivesThe primary outcome of this randomized controlled trial was the percentage of patients whose epistaxis had stopped at 10 minutes from the time of intervention. Secondary outcomes included the frequency of epistaxis recurrence at both 24 hours and 7 days, emergency department length of stay, and patient satisfaction.
A Two-Stage Approach to Civil Conflict: Contested Incompatibilities and Armed Violence
Authors: Bartusevičius Henrikas , Gleditsch Kristian Skrede 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWe present a two-stage approach to civil conflict analysis. Unlike conventional approaches that focus only on armed conflict and treat all other cases as “at peace,” we first distinguish cases with and without contested incompatibilities (Stage 1) and then whether or not contested incompatibilities escalate to armed conflict (Stage 2). This allows us to analyze factors that relate to conflict origination (onset of incompatibilities) and factors that predict conflict militarization (onset of armed violence). Using new data on incompatibilities and armed conflict, we replicate and extend three prior studies of violent civil conflict, reformulated as a two-stage process, considering different estimation procedures and potential selection problems. We find that the group-based horizontal political inequalities highlighted in research on violent civil conflict clearly relate to conflict origination but have no clear association with militarization, whereas other features emphasized as shaping the risk of civil war, such as refugee flows and soft state power, predict militarization but not incompatibilities. A two-stage approach to conflict analysis can help advance theories of civil conflict, assess alternative mechanisms through which explanatory variables are thought to influence conflict, and guide new data-collection efforts.
Volumetric analysis of vocal fold atrophy via magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Saint-Victor S , Barbarite E , Sidani C , Bhatia R , Rosow D E 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo quantitatively test the hypothesis that older patients have increased thyroarytenoid muscle atrophy by comparing thyroarytenoid muscle volumes across different age groups.MethodsA retrospective chart review was conducted. The study included 111 patients with no history of laryngeal pathology. Two investigators reviewed magnetic resonance imaging studies of these patients and manually traced the thyroarytenoid muscles on multiple slices bilaterally. Thyroarytenoid muscle volumes were then computed using imaging analysis software. Patients were stratified into three age groups (18–50 years, 51–64 years, and 65 years or older) for comparison.ResultsIntra- and inter-rater reliabilities were excellent for all measurements (intraclass correlation co-efficient > 0.90). There was no statistically significant difference in the mean volumes of left and right thyroarytenoid muscles in all age and gender groups.ConclusionGiven the lack of statistically significant difference in thyroarytenoid muscle volume between age groups on magnetic resonance imaging, the prevailing assumption that age-related thyroarytenoid muscle atrophy contributes to presbyphonia should be re-examined.
A reassessment of the extinction risk of the Critically Endangered Oxapampa poison frog Ameerega planipaleae (Dendrobatidae)
Authors: Angulo Ariadne , von May Rudolf , Icochea Javier 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAssessments of extinction risk are required to inform conservation action, but the usefulness of assessments is undermined if they are not current. Ameerega planipaleae, a poison frog endemic to the cloud forests of central Peru, was last assessed in 2004. We therefore sought to provide updated data to inform the reassessment of this species. Based on our findings, we recommend that this frog remain categorized as Critically Endangered, but under modified criteria, and that conservation actions are taken to reduce the pressures of local threats, especially the overuse of agrochemicals.
A systematic review of the Trypanosoma cruzi genetic heterogeneity, host immune response and genetic factors as plausible drivers of chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Jiménez Paula , Jaimes Jesús , Poveda Cristina , Ramírez Juan David 
Published: September 2018

AbstractChagas disease is a complex tropical pathology caused by the kinetoplastid Trypanosoma cruzi. This parasite displays massive genetic diversity and has been classified by international consensus in at least six Discrete Typing Units (DTUs) that are broadly distributed in the American continent. The main clinical manifestation of the disease is the chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy (CCC) that is lethal in the infected individuals. However, one intriguing feature is that only 30–40% of the infected individuals will develop CCC. Some authors have suggested that the immune response, host genetic factors, virulence factors and even the massive genetic heterogeneity of T. cruzi are responsible of this clinical pattern. To date, no conclusive data support the reason why a few percentages of the infected individuals will develop CCC. Therefore, we decided to conduct a systematic review analysing the host genetic factors, immune response, cytokine production, virulence factors and the plausible association of the parasite DTUs and CCC. The epidemiological and clinical implications are herein discussed.
Nationalism on Weibo: Towards a Multifaceted Understanding of Chinese Nationalism
Authors: Zhang Yinxian , Liu Jiajun , Wen Ji-Rong 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIt appears that nationalism has been on the rise in China in recent years, particularly among online communities. Scholars agree that the Chinese government is facing pressure from online nationalistic and pro-democracy forces; however, it is believed that of the two, nationalistic views are the more dominant. Online nationalism is believed to have pushed the Chinese government to be more aggressive in diplomacy. This study challenges this conventional wisdom by finding that online political discourse isnotdominated by nationalistic views, but rather by anti-regime sentiments. Even when there is an outpouring of nationalist sentiment, it may be accompanied by pro-democracy views that criticize the government. By analysing more than 6,000 tweets from 146 Chinese opinion leaders on Weibo, and by decomposing nationalistic discussion by specific topic, this study shows that rather than being monolithically xenophobic, nationalists may have differing sets of views regarding China's supposed rivals. Rather than being supportive of the regime, nationalists may incorporate liberal values to challenge the government. Nonetheless, this liberal dominance appears to provoke a backlash of nationalism among certain groups.
“No CCP, No New China”: Pastoral Power in Official Narratives in China
Authors: Zhang Xiaoling , Brown Melissa Shani , O'Brien David 
Published: September 2018

AbstractGuided by Michel Foucault's concept of “pastoral power,” this article examines the ways in which contemporary discourses within official narratives in China portray the state in a paternal fashion to reinforce its legitimacy. Employing interdisciplinary approaches, this article explores a number of sites in Urumqi, the regional capital of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR), in order to map how a coherent official narrative of power and authority is created and reinforced across different spaces and texts. It demonstrates how both history and the present day are depicted in urban Xinjiang in order to portray the state in a pastoral role that legitimates its use of force, as well as emphasizing its core role in developing the region out of poverty and into “civilization.”
Awkward Independents: What Are Third-Party Candidates Doing on Twitter?
Authors: Evans Heather K. , Habib Jessica , Litzen Danielle , San Jose Bryan , Ziegenbein Ashlee 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTPrevious literature on partisan campaign behavior shows that third-party candidates do not have the same presence online as major-party candidates, and these differences have been linked regularly to campaign finance. Twitter, however, has changed the online campaigning game. Because Twitter essentially is free, third-party candidates can even the playing field with major-party candidates who have more financial resources. The question asked in this article is whether this is actually the case. Evans, Cordova, and Sipole (2014) showed that in 2012, third-party candidates were less likely to have accounts on Twitter; however, those who had accounts tweeted more often than major party candidates. This article updates those findings to consider the behavior of third-party candidates during the 2014 and 2016 congressional races. Using a dataset of all candidates for both the US House and the US Senate, we show that the gap has begun to close between major- and minor-party candidates on Twitter. Third-party candidates, however, continue to have a different way of communicating with their followers on Twitter when compared to Democrats and Republicans.
Tumour bed localisation after oncoplastic breast conservative surgery: a comparative contouring study
Authors: Fawzy Radwa , Lasheen Shaimaa , Kamaleldin Maha , Wessam Rasha , Khallaf Emad , Moussa Mohamed 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the modalities of tumour bed (TB) localisation of target volume delineation [clinically computed tomography (CT), ultrasound (US) compared with surgical clips-guided] and the impact of their differences in delineated TB volumes.Material and methodsIn total, 27 patients who underwent oncoplastic breast conservative surgery with surgical clips insertion (at least three) were included. CT and US imaging for TB localisation were done 3–4 weeks post-operatively in the same treatment position. TB was delineated four times, guided by surgical clips, clinical data, CT (seroma) and US. A plan was done for each TB delineated. The four delineated volumes were compared regarding the volumetric differences, the geographical miss index (GMI) and the overlap index.ResultsComparing the four modalities, median TB volume was for clinical (60.7), CT (60.8) and US (49.3) cm3, in comparison with 59.7 cm3 for clips, p=0.05. Median of GMI (represented the tissue at risk of recurrence and not had been treated) was for clinical (61.8), CT (45) and US (62.4)%, with significant difference of p=0.02. Median of normal tissue index (normal tissue has been included unnecessarily) was for clinical (59.5), CT (49.6) and US (62.3)%, p=0.17. Overlap index with clips-guided was for clinical (0.36), CT (0.42) and US (0.35) with significance of p=0.04. Median superior/inferior direction was 0.72, −0.03 and −0.2 cm for clinical, CT and US, respectively, with significant value of p=0.02, whereas the anterior–posterior was −0.07, −0.15 and −0.09 cm, p-value=0.45 and the medio–lateral was 0.4, −0.13 and 0.09 cm, p=0.60.ConclusionSignificant differences in shifts and indices were detected between each of modalities compared with surgical clips. Thus, in the setting of oncoplastic breast surgery, surgical clips should be routinely used for TB localisation. In view of the larger volumes of breast tissue excised and the extensive remodelling that are inherent to oncoplastic procedures, the concept of TB boost irradiation should be re-challenged.
Psychoses sans Frontieres: towards an interdisciplinary understanding of psychosis risk amongst migrants and their descendants
Authors: Dykxhoorn J. , Kirkbride J. B. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractUnderstanding the excess risk of psychotic disorders in migrant and ethnic minority groups has long been an important research focus in psychiatric epidemiology and public mental health. Heterogeneity between migrant groups based on the region of origin, minority status and other socioeconomic factors may provide clues as to the underlying aetiological mechanisms explaining this risk, as well as informing our general understanding of psychotic disorders. Nonetheless, disentangling the mechanisms underlying this association has been the focus of more speculation and theory to date than empirical research. Now more than ever, we need to move beyond studies which demonstrate excess rates in migrant and ethnic minority groups to novel population-based studies which identify the determinants and mechanisms through which this risk is shaped. In this paper, we review the main hypotheses proposed to explain these disparities and the current level of support for them. We then highlight recent evidence from epidemiology and neuroscience which provides important new clues in our understanding of the aetiology of psychotic disorders. We concluded with suggestions for future interdisciplinary research to prevent this public mental health inequality within a generation.
The neural basis of hostility-related dimensions in schizophrenia
Authors: Perlini C. , Bellani M. , Besteher B. , Nenadić I. , Brambilla P. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractHostility and related dimensions like anger, urgency, impulsivity and aggressiveness have been described in non-clinical populations and various serious mental illnesses including schizophrenia. Although representing a mental healthcare challenge, the investigation of such constructs is often limited by the presence of complex and multi-factorial causes and lack of agreement in their conceptualisation and measurement. In this review, we aim to clarify the anatomical basis of hostility-related dimensions in schizophrenia. Imaging studies suggest malfunctioning of a neural circuitry including amygdala, striatum, prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, insula and hippocampus to modulate hostile thoughts and behaviours, at least in the subgroup of patients with schizophrenia who exhibit high levels of urgency, impulsivity and aggressiveness.
Activity of Florpyrauxifen-benzyl on Fall Panicum (Panicum dichotomiflorumMichx.) and Nealley’s Sprangletop (Leptochloa nealleyiVasey)
Authors: Teló Gustavo M. , Webster Eric P. , McKnight Benjamin M. , Blouin David C. , Rustom Samer Y. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA glasshouse study was established at Louisiana State University campus in Baton Rouge, LA, to evaluate the control of fall panicum and Nealley’s sprangletop treated with florpyrauxifen-benzyl. Florpyrauxifen was applied at 30 g ai ha–1to each grass species at the three- to four-leaf and one- to two-tiller stages of growth. At 21 d after treatment (DAT), fall panicum control was 91% when treated with florpyrauxifen at the three- to four-leaf stage, and Nealley’s sprangletop control was 78% to 82%, regardless of application timing 21 DAT. Leaf number, tiller number, plant height, and plant fresh weight were reduced when fall panicum and Nealley’s sprangletop were treated with florpyrauxifen. This information can be useful for developing weed management strategies with this herbicide for rice production, and it provides an additional mode of action to help manage and/or delay the development of herbicide-resistant weeds.