bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NR3C1 gene polymorphisms are associated with high-altitude pulmonary edema in Han Chinese
Authors: Yang Yingzhong , Du Hui , Li Yuhong , Guan Wei , Tang Feng , Ga Qin , Ge Ri-Li 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Background
High-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is a life-threatening form of non-cardiogenic edema which occurs in unacclimatized individuals after rapid ascent to high altitude. NR3C1 gene encodes for glucocorticoid receptor (GR) which plays an important role in stress and inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the association of NR3C1 polymorphisms with the susceptibility to HAPE in Han Chinese.

Methods
The 30 SNPs in the NR3C1 gene were genotyped by the Sequenom MassARRAY SNP assay in 133 HAPE patients (HAPE-p) and 135 matched Han Chinese resistant to HAPE (HAPE-r). The genotypic and allele frequencies, odds ratios (ORs), and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated, respectively.

Results
The 12 SNPs showed a significant difference between the HAPE-p and HAPE-r groups. In allelic model analysis, we found that the allele “A” of rs17287745, rs17209237, rs17209251, rs6877893, and rs1866388; the allele “C” of rs6191, rs6188, and rs2918417; the allele “T” of rs33388 and rs4634384; and the allele “G” of rs41423247 and rs10052957 were associated with increased the risk of HAPE. In the genetic model analysis, we found that rs17287745, rs6191, rs6188, rs33388, rs2918417, rs6877893, rs1866388, rs41423247, rs4634384, and rs10052957 were relevant to the increased HAPE risk under the dominant model.
In addition, the haplotype AACACTCAAGTG of the 12 SNPs was detected to be significantly associated with HAPE risk (OR = 2.044, 95%CI = 1.339~3.120, P = 0.0008), while the haplotype GGAGCACGACCG was associated with the decreased risk of HAPE (OR = 0.573, 95% CI = 0.333~0.985, P = 0.0422).

Conclusions
Our findings provide new evidence for the association between SNPs in NR3C1 and an increased risk of HAPE in the Chinese population. NR3C1 polymorphisms are associated with the susceptibility to HAPE in Han Chinese.
An improved ileal conduit surgery for bladder cancer with fewer complications
Authors: Li Zhiyong , Liu Zhuowei , Yao Kai , Qin Zike , Han Hui , Li Yonghong , Dong Pei , Ye Yunlin , Wang Yanjun , Wu Zhiming , Zhang Zhiling , Zhou Fangjian 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundRadical cystectomy and urinary diversion remains the standard surgical treatment for patients with muscle‐invasive or high‐risk or recurrent non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer. Although this approach prolongs patient survival remarkably, there are postoperative complications associated with urinary diversion. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of modified ileal conduit surgery for reducing early and late stoma‐ and ureteroileal anastomosis‐related complications, as compared with conventional ileal conduit urinary diversion.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated the clinical data of bladder cancer patients treated with radical cystectomy and ileal conduit urinary diversion at Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center between January 1, 2000 and June 30, 2016. Ileal conduit was created by the conventional or a modified technique. The clinicopathologic features of the conventional and the modified ileal conduit groups were compared using the t test and the Chi square test. Multivariable logistic regression analysis and multivariable Cox regression analysis were performed to determine the odds of developing stoma‐ and ureteroileal anastomosis‐related complications in the two groups.Results145 and 100 patients underwent the modified and conventional ileal conduit surgery, respectively. The two groups were comparable with regard to clinicopathologic features. The rate of stoma‐related complications was significantly lower in the modified ileal conduit group than in the conventional ileal conduit group (0.7% vs. 17.0%, P < 0.001). No late stoma‐related complications were seen in the modified ileal conduit group, but were seen in 13 (13.0%) patients in the conventional ileal conduit group. The rate of ureteroileal anastomosis‐related complications was significantly lower in the modified ileal conduit group than in the conventional ileal conduit group (4.8% vs. 15.0%, P = 0.001). In multivariable analyses, the modified ileal conduit group was significantly less likely to develop stoma‐ (odds ratio [OR] = 0.024, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.003–0.235; P = 0.001) or ureteroileal anastomosis‐related complications (OR = 0.141, 95% CI 0.042–0.476; P = 0.002) than the conventional ileal conduit group.ConclusionsOur modified surgical technique for ileal conduit urinary diversion may be effective for reducing early and late complications related to the stoma and the ureteroileal anastomosis. Prospective randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm our results.
Study of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Toward Risk Factors and Early Detection of Noncommunicable Diseases Among Rural Women in India
Authors: Mahajan Manoj , Naik Navami , Jain Kirti , Patira Nilesh , Prasad Sangita , Mogri Sushma , Muwonge Richard , Lucas Eric , Faruq Faeeza , Sankaranarayanan Rengaswamy , Iyer Swami , Basu Partha 
Published: April 2019

PURPOSE In recognition of the growing burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), including cancer, we assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of rural women in low-resourced countries toward common NCDs and the barriers they face in receiving NCD early detection services. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study was conducted in a rural block of India using the Rapid Assessment and Response Evaluation ethnographic assessment, which included in-depth interviews of key health officials; focus group discussions with women, men, teachers, and health workers from the block; and a knowledge, attitudes, and practices questionnaire survey. The home-based survey was conducted among 1,192 women selected from 50 villages of the block using a two-stage randomization process and stratified to 30- to 44-year and 45- to 60-year age-groups. RESULTS Our study revealed low awareness among women with regard to tobacco as a risk factor; hypertension, diabetes, and cancer as major health threats; and the importance of their early detection. Only 4.8% of women reported to have ever consumed tobacco, and many others consumed smokeless tobacco without knowing that the preparations contained tobacco. Only 27.3% and 11.5% of women had any knowledge about breast and cervical cancer, respectively, and only a few could describe at least one common symptom of either cancer. Self-reported diagnosis of hypertension and diabetes was significantly lower than the reported national prevalence. Only 0.9% and 1.3% of women reported having had a breast examination or gynecologic checkup, respectively, in the past 5 years. Low female empowerment and misconceptions were major barriers. CONCLUSION Barriers need to be addressed to improve uptake of NCD early detection services.
Comprehensive Genomic Analysis of Metastatic Non–Clear-Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma to Identify Therapeutic Targets
Authors: Carlo Maria I. , Khan Nabeela , Zehir Ahmet , Patil Sujata , Ged Yasser , Redzematovic Almedina , Coskey Devyn T. , Hyman David M. , Ladanyi Marc , Chen Ying-Bei , Robson Mark , Hakimi A. Ari , Lee Chung-Han , Feldman Darren R. , Gao Jianjiong , Chakravarty Debyani , Motzer Robert J. , Voss Martin H. 
Published: April 2019

PURPOSE Non–clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (nccRCC) encompasses approximately 20% of renal cell carcinomas and includes subtypes that vary in clinical and molecular biology. Compared with clear cell renal cell carcinoma, nccRCC demonstrates limited sensitivity to conventional vascular endothelial growth factor– and mammalian target of rapamycin–directed agents, indicating a need for better therapies. Characterizing the genomic landscape of metastatic nccRCC variants may help define novel therapeutic strategies. PATIENTS AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed tumor tissue from patients with metastatic nccRCC who consented to genomic analysis of their tumor and germline DNA. A hybridization capture–based assay was used to identify single nucleotide variants and small insertions and deletions across more than 340 cancer-associated genes with germline comparison. Clinical actionability of somatic mutations was assessed using OncoKB levels of evidence. Microsatellite instability (MSI) in the tumor was investigated. RESULTS Of 116 patients included in the analysis, 57 (49%) presented with de novo metastatic disease, and 59 (51%) presented with localized disease that later metastasized. Subtype classifications included unclassified (n = 41; 35%), papillary (n = 26; 22%), chromophobe (n = 17; 15%), translocation associated (n = 13; 11%), and other (n = 19; 16%). Of all tumors, 15 (13%) had putative driver somatic alterations amenable to targeted therapies, including alterations in MET, TSC1/2, and an ALK translocation. Of 45 patients who had germline testing, 11 (24%) harbored mutations, seven of which could potentially guide therapy. Of 115 available tumors for analysis, two (1.7%) had high and six (5%) had intermediate MSI status. CONCLUSION The mutation profiles of metastatic nccRCC vary by subtype. Comprehensive analysis of somatic mutations, germline mutations, and MSI, interpreted via an annotated precision oncology knowledge base, identified potentially targetable alterations in 22% of patients, which merits additional investigation.
United to Be Dispersed
Authors: Woo Jung-Ah 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This article analyzes the various practices of the WAWA Project as a case study of community-based art after the Great East Japan Earthquake on 11 March 2011 (“3.11”). Organized by Masato Nakamura (b. 1963), the Tokyo-based artist, college professor, and director of an artist collective commandN, the WAWA Project is an ongoing project that initiates, mobilizes, promotes, and connects local residents and civic groups in disaster-stricken areas for their regeneration efforts. In the current discourse of contemporary art, the WAWA Project can be discussed within the framework of relational aesthetics, in the sense that the works of art function as a platform through which the individuals are engaged collectively with particular experiences and social circumstances so as to create a communal unity. This conceptualization of relational aesthetics becomes theoretically impoverished and politically suspect when combined with Japan's changed sociopolitical environment in the wake of 3.11. When the state exploits the rhetoric of communal solidarity, it seriously undermines democracy, threatens autonomous individuals, and blocks egalitarian social structure instead of furthering it. I argue that the dynamic, creative, and contestatory networks and initiatives that WAWA Project has promoted, which are distinct from the more formalized community associations and artistic projects, will allow us to articulate alternative ways of challenging conventional conceptions of community and social order.
Endurance Exercise Prevents Metabolic Distress–induced Senescence in the Hippocampus
Authors: JANG YONGCHUL , KWON INSU , COSIO-LIMA LUDMILA , WIRTH CHRISTOPHER , VINCI DEBRA M. , LEE YOUNGIL 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Metabolic disorder such as obesity and type 2 diabetes caused by excess caloric intake is associated with an increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases. Endurance exercise (EXE) has been suggested to exert neuroprotective effects against the metabolic distress. However, the exact underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for the exercise-induced neuroprotection have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated whether EXE-induced neuroprotection is associated with cellular senescence, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress using a mouse model of obesity induced by a high-fat/high-fructose diet.

Methods
C57BL/6 female mice (10 wk old) were randomly divided to three groups: normal chow diet group (CON, n = 11), high-fat diet/high-fructose (HFD/HF) group (n = 11), and high-fat diet/high-fructose + endurance exercise (HFD/HF + EXE) group (n = 11). HFD/HF + EXE mice performed treadmill running exercise for 60 min·d−1, 5 d·wk−1 for 12 wk.

Results
Our data showed that EXE ameliorated HFD/HF-induced weight gain, fasting blood glucose levels, and visceral fat gain. More importantly, HFD/HF diet promoted cellular senescence, whereas EXE reversed it, evidenced by a reduction in the levels of p53, p21, p16, beta-galactosidase (SA-β-gal), and lipofuscin. Furthermore, EXE prevented HFD/HF-induced neuroinflammation (e.g., tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β) by inhibiting toll-like receptor 2 downstream signaling cascades (e.g., tumor necrosis factor receptor–associated factor 6, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and c-Jun) in parallel with reduced reactive glial cells. This anti-inflammatory effect of EXE was associated with the reversion of HFD/HF-induced cellular oxidative stress.

Conclusion
Our study provides novel evidence that EXE-induced antisenescence against metabolic distress in the hippocampus may be a key neuroprotective mechanism, preventing neuroinflammation and oxidative stress.
De los Estados Unidos a México y Perú. Paul Fejős y Pál Kelemen, dos húngaros buscando las huellas de los pueblos precolombinos
Authors: Jancsó Katalin 
Published: April 2019

El director de cine, Paul Fejős (1897-1963), es conocido sobre todo por su carrera cinematográfica desarrollada en Hungría, Dinamarca, los Estados Unidos y otros países. Desde la segunda mitad de los años 30 del siglo XX, deja su carrera para dedicarse a sus investigaciones antropológicas y arqueológicas. De esta manera, llega a Perú donde hace un viaje de investigación explorando 18 sitios arqueológicos en la región de Machu Picchu y, posteriormente, estudia un pueblo amazónico, los yagua que viven en regiones fronterizas con Colombia y Brasil. El arqueólogo e historiador del arte, Pál Kelemen (1894-1993), llega a los Estados Unidos en 1932 y empieza una larga carrera profesional durante la cual realiza varios estudios de viaje en diferentes países latinoamericanos, siendo autor de un considerable número de libros sobre el arte precolombino y colonial, reconocidos internacionalmente. En mi ponencia, mi objetivo es estudiar las actividades antropológicas y arqueológicas de los dos investigadores, llevadas a cabo en el Perú (Paul Fejős) y en México (Pál Kelemen) durante la década de 1930.
New Denmark, Canada: An exceptional case of language maintenance in a Danish immigrant settlement
Authors: Kühl Karoline 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe settlement New Denmark in the Canadian province of New Brunswick, founded in 1872 by Danish immigrants, represents an exceptional case of long-time maintenance of immigrant Danish. Based on a mapping of the social networks within a group of 39 New Denmark Canadians of Danish heritage, the community is characterized as a language enclave (Sprachinsel). Diachronic changes in language use is mapped onto changes in community structures by aligning the findings with the framework of verticalization. The paper further pinpoints a number of linguistic features which either by their existence or by their frequency distribution characterize New Denmark Danish as different from North American Danish in general by relying on qualitative and quantitative analyses of the speech produced by 39 speakers (approximately 120,000 tokens). These features include fossilized items from older stages of Danish as well as a number of bilingual verb phrases created by the New Denmark potato growers of Danish heritage. The study of these verb phrases illustrates how a bilingual community exploits pre-existing cross-linguistic similarities of their two languages to the maximum, thus pointing to the interplay of systemic possibilities (the genetic-typological closeness of English and Danish) with sociodemographic factors (a dense network of Danish speakers) and individual speakers’ linguistic choices.
The information structure of French il y a clefts and c’est clefts: A corpus-based analysis
Authors: Karssenberg Lena , Lahousse Karen 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis article investigates the distributional and information structural (IS) properties ofil y a‘there is’ clefts in comparison withc’est‘it is’ clefts in French.Il y aclefts, which are prototypically said to be “presentational” or express all-focus, are relatively under-researched with respect toc’estclefts. We present the results of an extensive corpus study ofil y aclefts in three different registers, revealing that these clefts most often express an all-focus articulation, but also quite often express a focus-background articulation, which has not been acknowledged often in the linguistic literature. Moreover, the corpora contain contrastiveil y aclefts (displaying properties of both all-focus and topic-comment sentences), which to our knowledge have not been noticed before. It follows from these data that althoughc’estandil y aclefts can both express all-focus and focus-background, they clearly differ with respect to the topic-comment articulation and have specialized for different functions. Finally, several syntactic and pragmatic factors are presented that may account for the (distributive) differences between the two cleft types, e.g., the impossibility of non-(pro)nominal clefted elements inil y aclefts, genre differences, and the implication of exhaustivity.
Phenolic betalain as antioxidants: meta means more
Authors: Gonçalves Letícia C. P. , Lopes Nathana B. , Augusto Felipe A. , Pioli Renan M. , Machado Caroline O. , Freitas-Dörr Barbara C. , Suffredini Hugo B. , Bastos Erick L. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Betalains are phytochemicals of nutraceutical importance that emerged as potent antioxidants, preventing radical chain propagation and the deleterious health effects of oxidative stress. However, despite the wide application of betalains as color additives in products for human consumption, little is known about the relationship between their structure and antioxidant potential. Here we investigate the mechanism of antioxidant action of three regioisomeric phenolic betalains and show that the meta isomer has higher antiradical capacity than most natural betalains, anthocyanins and flavonoids. Structural and pH effects on redox and antiradical properties were investigated and the results are rationalized in light of quantum chemical calculations. Our results demonstrate that hydrogen atom transfer/proton-coupled electron transfer or sequential proton loss electron transfer mechanisms are plausible to explain the radical chain breaking properties of phenolic betalains in water. Furthermore, mesomeric effects are responsible for the stabilization of the resulting radical phenolic betalains. These findings are useful for the design of biocompatible antioxidants and for the development of novel additives for functional foods and cosmetics with high antioxidant potential.
Idea of multi cohesive areas - foundation, current status and perspective
Authors: Chojnowski Maciej 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The idea of multi cohesive areas is a new, theoretical model of quantum particle mass. This model contains a dark matter sector. Moreover, it can explain the current experimental data on both dark matter and dark energy phenomena. In this work, the current status of this idea from theoretical and experimental perspective will be shown. It will be done by presenting the motivation behind its creation, its theoretical foundation and how it explains the mentioned current experimental data. The result from this work is a proof that in the further MCA development, quantities like particles or fields have to find a new image in which they are created by the speed of light. The conclusion from this work is that the mentioned development can create a theory for all interactions. Moreover, such a theory will have a practical value. Namely, by using this theory, the “disappearing” matter in the visible world will be available by changing into dark matter. This, together with the fact that the current dark matter models do not yield any significance outcomes, is a proof that such a development is at least worth considering.
Werte-geleitetes Handeln in der Sozialen Arbeit
Authors: Sonnenberg Kristin 
Published: April 2019

ZusammenfassungProfessionelle Soziale Arbeit umfasst Wissen, Handlungskompetenz und eine berufliche Haltung. Sie orientiert sich an berufspolitischen, fachwissenschaftlichen und ethischen Standards. Eine wertorientierte Haltung ist notwendige Grundlage für verantwortungsvolles Handeln von Sozialarbeiter/-innen in der Praxis. Die Auseinandersetzung mit eigenen Werten sowie mit denen von Klienten und Klientinnen ermöglicht eine kritische Reflexionsfähigkeit. Dies kann zur Selbstvergewisserung und Selbstsorge beitragen und die Entwicklung einer beruflichen Identität fördern. Beispielhaft werden im vorliegenden Beitrag folgende Impulse aus der Wertepluralität betrachtet: Spiritualität; der Einfluss christlicher Werte wie Glaube, Liebe und Vertrauen; humanistische Werte, die zu einem Verständnis von dialogischer Bildung sowie zur subjektiven Deutung von Wirklichkeit führen; Gerechtigkeit und soziale Verantwortung und ökonomische Werte als Kontextfaktoren. Abschließend wird argumentiert, dass die Funktion von Werten sich zusammenfassen lässt als wertvoll für die Berufsidentität, Unterstützung bei professionellen Handlungen und den Schutz der Klienten und Klientinnen. Innere Reflexionsbereitschaft und kritische Reflexionsfähigkeit tragen zu einer Erweiterung und Stärkung der Handlungskompetenz von Sozialarbeiter/-innen bei, um im Alltag, in Konfliktsituationen und ethischen Dilemmata bestmögliche Entscheidungen zu treffen.
Cultural Techniques, Media History, and the Art of Poetry: T.S. Eliot’sFour Quartets
Authors: Haekel Ralf 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis article investigates literature from the vantage point of media theory. The text I analyse and use as my example is T.S. Eliot’sFour Quartets, a highly philosophical and self-reflexive poem which is, however, not explicitly concerned with new media technology or the transmission, storage, and processing of information. Cultural techniques, media theory, and network theory will serve as the theoretical background against which I will flesh out the non-technological and philosophical implications of mediation as discussed and theorised in the poem itself. Thus, the main aim will be to foreground the work’s own aesthetic foundations as media theory or, more precisely, as a theory of mediation depending on a set of cultural techniques. In order to achieve this, the article looks at literature as a medium that reflects on its dependence on a material entity and on its place within a diachronic and synchronic media network.
Sr4Pt10In21 – the first representative of the Ho4Ni10In21 type with a divalent cation
Authors: Heying Birgit , Kösters Jutta , Pöttgen Rainer 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Rod-shaped single crystals of Sr4Pt10In21 were prepared from the elements in glassy-carbon crucibles in a high-frequency furnace. The structure of Sr4Pt10In21 was refined from single-crystal X-ray diffractometer data: C2/m, Ho4Ni10Ga21 type, a = 2322.62(7), b = 450.27(2), c = 1958.09(7) pm, β = 133.191(3)°, wR = 0.0464, 3200 F
2 values and 107 variables. The three-dimensional [Pt10In21]δ− polyanionic network is stabilized through substantial Pt–In (269–313 pm Pt–In) and In–In (294–362 pm In–In) bonding. All platinum atoms have slightly distorted tri-capped trigonal prismatic coordination and the two crystallographically independent strontium atoms are located in penta-capped pentagonal prisms.