bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ADP-ribosylation and intracellular traffic: an emerging role for PARP enzymes
Authors: Grimaldi Giovanna , Corda Daniela 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
ADP-ribosylation is an ancient and reversible post-translational modification (PTM) of proteins, in which the ADP-ribose moiety is transferred from NAD+ to target proteins by members of poly-ADP-ribosyl polymerase (PARP) family. The 17 members of this family have been involved in a variety of cellular functions, where their regulatory roles are exerted through the modification of specific substrates, whose identification is crucial to fully define the contribution of this PTM. Evidence of the role of the PARPs is now available both in the context of physiological processes and of cell responses to stress or starvation. An emerging role of the PARPs is their control of intracellular transport, as it is the case for tankyrases/PARP5 and PARP12. Here, we discuss the evidence pointing at this novel aspect of PARPs-dependent cell regulation.
Band pass filter and AFVmean‐based unintentional islanding detection
Authors: Murugesan Suman , Murali Venkatakirthiga 
Published: February 2019

Several international standards have suggested to detect the unintentional island formation to safeguard the working personnel and protect the electrical equipment in the system. An active islanding detection technique, which employs the q‐axis current disturbance injection, has been utilised and an analysing technique is proposed in this work based on a combination of band pass filter and mean of absolute frequency variation (AFVmean) to detect and differentiate the island formation from other transient events. The proposed analysing technique (PAT) detects island formation within 180 ms, which is less than the prescribed time of various international standards, applicable to dynamic loading conditions without the need of adaptive threshold and communication, and offers zero non‐detection zone (NDZ). The disturbance injection makes significant variation in the frequency of voltage signal on post‐islanding condition even for zero‐power mismatch condition, therefore, the NDZ is zero. The PAT is corroborated for various islanding and non‐islanding events and the simulations are performed in MATLAB/Simulink tool.
The search for radio emission from exoplanets using LOFAR beam-formed observations: Jupiter as an exoplanet
Authors: Turner Jake D. , Grießmeier Jean-Mathias , Zarka Philippe , Vasylieva Iaroslavna 
Published: February 2019

Context.The magnetized solar system planets are strong radio emitters and theoretical studies suggest that the radio emission from nearby exoplanets in close-in orbits could reach intensity levels 103–107times higher than Jupiter’s decametric emission. Detection of exoplanets in the radio domain would open up a brand new field of research, however, currently there are no confirmed detections at radio frequencies.Aims.We investigate the radio emission from Jupiter, scaled such that it mimics emission coming from an exoplanet, with low-frequency beam-formed observations using LOFAR. The goals are to define a set of observables that can be used as a guideline in the search for exoplanetary radio emission and to measure effectively the sensitivity limit for LOFAR beam-formed observations.Methods.We observe “Jupiter as an exoplanet” by dividing a LOFAR observation of Jupiter by a down-scaling factor and adding this observation to beam-formed data of the “sky background”. Then we run this artificial dataset through our total intensity (Stokes-I) and circular polarization (Stokes-V) processing and post-processing pipelines and determine up to which down-scaling factor Jupiter is still detected in the dataset.Results.We find that exoplanetary radio bursts can be detected at 5 pc if the circularly polarized flux is 105times stronger than the typical level of Jupiter’s radio bursts during active emission events (~4 × 105Jy). Equivalently, circularly polarized radio bursts can be detected up to a distance of 20 pc (encompassing the known exoplanets 55 Cnc, Tau Boötis, and Upsilon Andromedae) assuming the level of emission is 105times stronger than the peak flux of Jupiter’s decametric burst emission (~6 × 106Jy).
Evolving from xSonify: a new digital platform for sonorization
Authors: Garcia Beatriz , Diaz-Merced Wanda , Casado Johanna , Cancio Angel 
Published: February 2019

In general, Space Sciences data exploration is thought to be suitable for people who do not have Neurological Disorders (ND) that may impair reading (RI), and are not blind or visually impaired (BVI). Data exploration methods used in these fields are generally visual, and do not provide the accessibility to allow full participation of blind and visually impaired individuals in the field. This has been the case even after evidence that sound increases the sensitivity to events in data that would otherwise be undetected. A set of tools that guarantees a thorough data inspection, and assures the access to the same amount and quality of information to all, is useful for everyone.
The present project, devoted to design a new user centered software to produce audio-visual outputs from astrophysical data, integrates multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary astronomers, engineers, computer specialists, software designers, educators, disability specialists, bioengineers, neurobiologists, and sociologists, both blind and sighted, and addresses the topics of accessibility to astronomical data, The possibility of exploring the bibliographic databases (ADSABS, among others), creation of a new multimodal access prototype, creation of an accessible, user-centered (from back end to front end), human-computer interface suitable for collection, sonification and analysis of astrophysical data, and the efficiency, utility and effectiveness of the resource in different cultural environments and at different levels of expertise. In this contribution, we present the first results related to the creation and application of the techniques and tools proposed, taking into account that the focus of this research is on the knowledge in the field of physics and astrophysics, but can be scalable to other areas of human activity so that people with other learning styles can have "equal opportunities". Finally, this project is based on the premises of addressing the technical challenges in basic research to achieve the promised benefits of Big Data, which is of world-wide interest.
Periodontal approach of impacted and retained maxillary anterior teeth
Authors: Henner N. , Pignoly M. , Antezack A. , Monnet-Corti V. 
Published: February 2019

Treatment of the impacted and retained teeth is a multidisciplinary approach involving close cooperation between periodontist and orthodontist.
Clinical and radiographic examination leading subsequently to diagnosis, remain the most important prerequisites permitting appropriate treatment.
Several surgical techniques are available to uncover impacted/retained tooth according to their position within the osseous and dental environment.
Moreover, to access to the tooth and to bond an orthodontic anchorage, the surgical techniques used during the surgical exposure must preserve the periodontium integrity. These surgical techniques are based on tissue manipulations derived from periodontal plastic surgery, permitting to establish and maintain long-term periodontal health.
The Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders and Work-Station Evaluation in Bank Employees
Authors: Umar Aneela , Kashif Muhammad , Zahid Nawal , Sohail Ramsha , Arsh Aatik , Raqib Abdul , Zada Pir 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Objective The objective of the study was to evaluate the computer workstation settings and the prevalence of musculoskeletal (MSK) related problems in computer users of bank.
Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among100 computer users of State Bank of Pakistan, Faisalabad and National Bank of Pakistan, Faisalabad from March to December 2017. Inclusion criteria of the study were male and female bank workers, age between 25–60 years who use desktop computers for at least 3 h a day and had at least 6 months working experience. Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire (CMDQ) was used to determine prevalence of MSK problems while Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA) tool was used to evaluate Computer Work-Station (CWS) ergonomic parameters. The data was analyzed by descriptive statistics and variant correlation using SPSS version 20.
Results The mean CMDQ was higher (43.0 ±33.6) in female than male (16.9±20.8) and there was significant association between gender and total discomfort (P=0.001). The discomfort was higher among females then males. The body parts reported to have the most significant levels of discomfort was the neck and head (mean 3.595±7.49), lower back (2.75±5.39) and right shoulder (mean 2.15±4.32).About 40% subjects suffered from neck pain while the remaining body parts having discomfort were right shoulder (39%), left shoulder (37%), and low back (36%).Almost 90% of the participants had ROSA score greater than 5 that shows that most individuals were at higher risk of ergonomics hazardous.
Conclusion The results of the present study demonstrated that MSK discomfort is common among computer users of bank employees and neck, shoulder and lower back region were at greater risk. MSK discomfort was higher in females. Workers are exposed to ergonomic hazards and need immediate improvement.
A New Total Knee Arthroplasty Design Has Significantly Better Early Implant Survivorship than a Previous Gold-Standard Design—A Retrospective Analysis of 1,000 Cases
Authors: Bloch Benjamin V. , Palan Jeya , Shahid Mohammad , James Peter J. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis study examined whether a new total knee arthroplasty (TKA) prosthesis improved implant survivorship and reoperation rates compared with a gold-standard, established TKA. A retrospective analysis of the first 500 consecutive new TKAs was compared with a consecutive series of the last 500 currently available TKAs performed by a single senior surgeon in one center. The primary outcome measure was revision of the femoral, tibial, or patellar component. A secondary outcome was reoperation for any reason. The new-TKA group had a significantly reduced revision rate at up to 5 years follow-up (p = 0.02). Reoperation rates for any reason were similar (p = 0.3). The new TKA design has a significantly better early revision rate compared with a currently available gold-standard TKA. This is the largest study of 1,000 cases comparing a new TKA design with a currently available design with excellent midterm results. It demonstrates very favorable early clinical results for the new TKA design, providing reassurance for patients, surgeons, and regulatory bodies.
4 Flow Photochemistry in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Telmesani R. , Sun A. C. , Beeler A. B. , Stephenson C. R. J. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPerforming photochemical reactions in flow has helped increase their efficiency, scalability, and utility. These efforts have brought photochemistry back to prominence as a powerful tool for synthesis. This chapter outlines the most important procedures and flow setups that can be used to perform photochemical transformations. Examples include ultraviolet-light-driven photocycloadditions and reactions with reagents such as singlet oxygen and transition-metal catalysts. Applications of visible-light photoredox catalysis in continuous-flow systems are discussed in the context of late-stage fluorination, natural product synthesis, alkyl–aryl cross coupling, and lignin fragmentation.
9 Immobilized Reagents and Multistep Processes
Authors: Ley S. V. , Browne D. L. , O’Brien M. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMultistep continuous-flow processing enables the direct preparation of complex chemical materials from simple input streams through a series of complexity-adding reaction steps. The use of polymer-supported reagents can greatly facilitate this process through the inline hosting of reagents or catalysts, the scavenging of spent materials or impurities, or even the temporary hosting of reactive intermediates prior to their reaction and release from the support. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of such polymer-supported techniques.
12 Pushing the Limits of Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis with Continuous Flow
Authors: Mijalis A. J. , Steinauer A. , Schepartz A. , Pentelute B. L. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractSince its invention by Bruce Merrifield, solid-phase peptide synthesis has conventionally been performed in batch reactors. With systems created by Atherton, Dryland, and Sheppard in the 1980s, flow-chemistry techniques began to be applied to enhance solid-phase peptide synthesis, improving mixing and enabling time-resolved monitoring of Fmoc removal. Here, we review the history of flow-chemical techniques for solid-phase peptide synthesis, advances in solid supports that make flow chemistry on the solid phase feasible, the rationale behind using flow chemistry for amino acid activation, and other techniques for synthesizing peptides in flow, including the use of solid-supported coupling reagents and soluble macromolecular supports. Advantages of flow-chemistry techniques for both solid- and liquid-phase peptide synthesis include precise control of reagent heating and chiral integrity of incorporated amino acids, improvements in amino acid coupling times, and in-process detection of problematic peptide sequences.
Complementing corpus analysis with web-based experimentation in research on World Englishes
Authors: Horch Stephanie 
Published: February 2019

AbstractUsage-based research in linguistics has to a large extent relied on corpus data. However, a feature’s “failure to appear in even a very large corpus (such as the Web) is not evidence for ungrammaticality, nor is appearance evidence for grammaticality” (Schütze and Sprouse 2013: 29). It is therefore advisable to complement corpus-based analyses with experimental data, so as to (ideally) obtain converging evidence. This paper reviews reasons for combining corpus linguistic with psycholinguistic experimental methods, and demonstrates how research on varieties of English can profit from experimentation. For a study of conversion in Asian Englishes, the maze task (Forster, Guerrera, and Elliot 2009;Forster 2010) was implemented with a web-based, open-source software. The results of the experiment dovetail with a previous analysis of theCorpus of Global Web-based English(Davies 2013). These results should encourage researchers not to base findings exclusively on corpus evidence, but corroborate them by means of experimental data.
An American at the origins of EuropeanSprachwissenschaftand Italian historiographical thought
Authors: Dovetto Francesca M. 
Published: February 2019

SummaryThis contribution is dedicated to William Dwight Whitney (1827–1897), a scholar who generally has a modest space dedicated to him in the historiography of linguistics, despite his name and works having had considerable circulation among his contemporaries. His originality and method are outlined with particular attention being given to his reception in Europe and in the setting of Italian studies of theoretical and empirical linguistics.Whitney was among the first to contest Schleicher’s concept of language as a natural fact, claiming, instead, that it has social nature, as an ‘institution’ created by man; he was a forerunner in recognizing the relevance of signs and their value, and of language acquisition. In his demonstrations and in his methods he proposes a science of historical linguistics but at the same time it is open to 20th century linguistics and the concept of language as a complex system ordered and crossed by relationships. Both his unique approach to the study of Sanskrit, which emphasised the study of its use and its variants, and his interest for modern languages, makes him a particularly interesting scholar, as he and his reception testify the rise, in Europe and especially in Italy, of a new approach to linguistic issues, no longer exclusively historical-comparative, but also theoretical and general.Nonetheless, Whitney ought to occupy a prominent place in the history of linguistics, because he was also the author of one of the first introductory texts of the discipline, which was published in 1875; in that same year a French translation came out, which was soon followed by an Italian, and a German translation (both 1876).The number of almost contemporaneous translations gives an idea of the gap which a general and introductory work like Whitney’s filled and illustrates that there was a clear need for it.In several works, including recent ones, De Mauro identified the specific characteristics of Italian linguistic studies: we can find a good many of these traits in Whitney as well. Although the fruitful contribution of Whitney’s ideas in an environment which is ‘naturally’ inclined towards the themes and methods the American linguist dealt with, i.e., the ‘Italian linguistic school’, has not been fully recognised until now, it is undeniable that his ideas provided an important stimulus for new interpretations and new models.
Hidden from women’s ears
Authors: Aikhenvald Alexandra Y. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAcross the multilingual area of the Vaupés River Basin in north-west Amazonia, women are considered a dangerous ‘other’. In accordance with the local marriage practices, men marry women from language groups different to their own. Women are denied access to important rituals, such as the Yurupary rite, and are not supposed to hear any words associated with this tradition. The paper addresses a special linguistic practice of a women-directed taboo, so far documented just for the Tariana (the only Arawak-speaking groups in the Vaupés River Basin area). All the paraphernalia associated with the Yurupary ritual and a number of place names which contain the name of the Yurupary flute are a taboo to women, and so their original names cannot be pronounced in the presence of women. If a woman is present, a tabooed form has to be used instead. The tradition is on the way out, since the Tariana language and culture are severely endangered. The ‘taboo against women’ in Tariana is compared with other systems of gender-based taboos across the world. How did the erstwhile secret knowledge become public? And how can one get access to ‘forbidden’ knowledge in the Amazonian context? These issues are addressed at the end of the paper.
Gender-switching strategies in the activity oftsinampantsi‘joking’ among Northern Kampa Arawaks of Peru
Authors: Mihas Elena 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAmong Northern Kampas, the linguistically creative production oftsinampantsiby non-kin and affines intends – apart from having fun – to initiate an intimate relationship or affirm the intimacy of the existing interpersonal relationship. Northern Kampa participants oftsinampantsi‘joking’ often resort to gender-switching strategies for jocular effects. Creatively playing with linguistic gender marking is characteristic oftsinampantsi-joking conduct. The study’s findings revealed that there are variable lexicogrammatical means for accomplishing the man > woman gender switch. Two basic gender-switching strategies are deployed: manipulation of person marking indexes and deployment of derivational morphology. The verbal person marking strategy is the most basic and most common means of indicating gender switches, whereas derivational morphology functions as a supplementary technique. In gender reversals, participation structure (production and reception roles) is predominantly coded by third person (other-role) markers on the verb. The woman > man direction of gender reversals is uncommon in joking sequences.
A culture of secrecy
Authors: Ciucci Luca 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
This paper aims at discussing some aspects of the secrecy characterizing sacred texts by the Ayoreo, a Zamucoan
population of the Boreal Chaco in South America, from a linguistic perspective. The magic power exerted by words in Ayoreo
traditional culture is the reason why holy texts are kept secret, and this makes it difficult to provide a complete linguistic
documentation of Ayoreo ‘hidden’ narratives and ritual formulas. After having outlined etiological myths, I will show that
language not only can exert a magic power, but that grammar itself, and specifically linguistic gender, has played a role in the
development of these sacred narratives. Finally, I will compare some elements of Ayoreo culture with lexical data from extinct Old
Zamuco, the most conservative language of the family, in order to show that the populations speaking these languages share the
same cultural background.
Relativisation in Wobzi Khroskyabs and the integration of genitivisation
Authors: Lai Yunfan 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
This paper focuses on the morphosyntax as well as the semantics of relativisation in Wobzi Khroskyabs, a
Rgyalrongic language spoken in Sichuan, China. Different strategies of relativisation are presented, especially the nominalisation
strategy. Wobzi Khroskyabs exhibits an innovative relativisation strategy with the genitive marker =ji, which is
rarely found in other Rgyalrongic languages. Several hypotheses are put forward to account for the evolutionary pathway from
genitivisation to relativisation, showing that genitive =ji probably followed an ergative pattern to enter the
relativisation of core arguments.
Complementizer doubling and subject extraction in Italo-Romance
Authors: Munaro Nicola 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn this article I analyze the complementizer doubling construction attested in some early and modern Italo-Romance varieties, where a preposed (clausal or non clausal) constituent associated to the selected clause appears in the embedded left periphery preceded and followed by a subordinating complementizer. While the higher complementizer is uncontroversially interpreted as a lexicalization of the head Force°, the lower complementizer has been taken to lexicalize either the functional head Topic° or the functional head Fin°. Relying on previous formal analyses of subject extraction, I argue that in the varieties in which the lower complementizer lexicalizes Fin°, its presence reflects the lexicalization of the mood features encoded by Fin°, and is ultimately due to the extraction of the thematic subject out of the embedded clause through Spec,FinP, a movement strategy made possible by the presence of an expletiveproin the canonical preverbal subject position.