bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased Skin Conductance Response in the Immediate Aftermath of Trauma Predicts PTSD Risk
Authors: Hinrichs Rebecca , van Rooij Sanne J. H. , Michopoulos Vasiliki , Schultebraucks Katharina , Winters Sterling , Maples-Keller Jessica , Rothbaum Alex O. , Stevens Jennifer S. , Galatzer-Levy Isaac , Rothbaum Barbara O. , Ressler Kerry J. , Jovanovic Tanja 
Published: April 2019

Background Exposure to a traumatic event leads to posttraumatic stress disorder in 10% to 20% of exposed individuals. Predictors of risk are needed to target early interventions to those who are most vulnerable. The objective of the study was to test whether a noninvasive mobile device that measures a physiological biomarker of autonomic nervous system activation could predict future posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. Methods Skin conductance response was collected during a trauma interview in the emergency department within hours of exposure to trauma in 95 individuals. Trajectories of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms over 12-month posttrauma were identified using latent growth mixture modeling. Results Skin conductance response was significantly correlated with the probability of being in the chronic posttraumatic stress disorder trajectory following trauma exposure in the emergency department (r = 0.489, p < 0.000001). Lasso regression with elastic net was performed with demographic and clinical measures obtained in the emergency department, demonstrating that skin conductance response was the most significant predictor of the chronic posttraumatic stress disorder trajectory (p < 0.00001). Conclusions This study is the first prospective study of posttraumatic stress disorder showing skin conductance response in the immediate aftermath of trauma predicts subsequent development of chronic posttraumatic stress disorder. This finding points to an easily obtained, and neurobiologically informative, biomarker in emergency departments that can be disseminated to predict the development of posttraumatic stress disorder.
Mechanisms of action of ruxolitinib in murine models of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Albeituni Sabrin , Verbist Katherine C. , Tedrick Paige E. , Tillman Heather , Picarsic Jennifer , Bassett Rachel , Nichols Kim E. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractHemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is an often-fatal disorder characterized by the overactivation of T cells and macrophages that excessively produce proinflammatory cytokines, including interferon-γ (IFN-γ). Previously, we reported that the JAK inhibitor ruxolitinib dampens T-cell activation and lessens inflammation in a model of HLH in which perforin-deficient (Prf1−/−) mice are infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). Ruxolitinib inhibits signaling downstream of IFN-γ, as well as several other JAK-dependent cytokines. As a consequence, it remained unclear whether ruxolitinib was exerting its beneficial effects in HLH by inhibiting IFN-γ signaling or by targeting signaling initiated by other proinflammatory cytokines. To address this question, we compared the effects of ruxolitinib with those obtained using an IFN-γ–neutralizing antibody (αIFN-γ) in 2 murine HLH models. In both models, ruxolitinib and αIFN-γ reduced inflammation-associated anemia, indicating that ruxolitinib operates in an IFN-γ–dependent manner to reverse this HLH manifestation. In contrast, the number and activation status of T cells and neutrophils, as well as their infiltration into tissues, were significantly reduced following treatment with ruxolitinib, but they remained unchanged or were increased following treatment with αIFN-γ. Notably, despite discontinuation of ruxolitinib, LCMV-infected Prf1−/− mice exhibited enhanced survival compared with mice in which αIFN-γ was discontinued. This protective effect could be mimicked by transient treatment with αIFN-γ and a neutrophil-depleting antibody. Thus, ruxolitinib operates through IFN-γ–dependent and -independent mechanisms to dampen HLH by targeting the deleterious effects of T cells and neutrophils, with the latter representing an unappreciated and understudied cell type that contributes to HLH pathogenesis.
The promise of two-person neuroscience for developmental psychiatry: using interaction-based sociometrics to identify disorders of social interaction
Authors: Leong Victoria , Schilbach Leonhard 
Published: April 2019

SummarySocial interactions are fundamental for human development, and disordered social interactions are pervasive in many psychiatric disorders. Recent advances in ‘two-person neuroscience’ have provided new tools for characterising social interactions. Accordingly, interaction-based ‘sociometrics’ hold great promise for developmental psychology and psychiatry, particularly in the early identification of social disorders.Declaration of interestNone.
Quantification of contrast agent materials using a new image- domain multi material decomposition algorithm based on dual energy CT
Authors: Mirzaei Fazel , Faghihi Reza 
Published: April 2019

Objective: Dual-Energy CT (DECT) is an imaging modality in which the objects are scanned by two different energy spectra. Using these two measurements, two type of materials can be separated and density image pairs can be generated as well. Decomposing more than two materials is necessary in both clinical and industrial CT applications. Methods: In our MMD, barycentric coordinates were chosen using an innovative local clustering method. Local clustering increases precision in the barycentric coordinates assignment by decreasing search domain. Therefore the algorithm can be run in parallel. For optimizing coordinates selection, a fast bi-directional Hausdorff distance measurement is used. To deal with the significant obstacle of noise, we used Doubly Local Wiener Filter Directional Window (DLWFDW) algorithm. Results: Briefly, the proposed algorithm separates blood and fat ROIs with errors of less than 2 and 9 % respectively on the clinical images. Also, the ability to decompose different materials with different concentrations is evaluated employing the phantom data. The highest accuracy obtained in separating different materials with different concentrations was 93 % (for calcium plaque) and 97.1 % (for iodine contrast agent) respectively. The obtained results discussed in detail in the following results section. Conclusion: In this study, we propose a new material decomposition algorithm. It improves the MMD work flow by employing tools which are easy to implement. Furthermore, in this study, an effort has been made to turn the MMD algorithm into a semi-automatic algorithm by employing clustering concept in material coordinate’s assignment. The performance of the proposed method is comparable to existing methods from qualitative and quantitative aspects. Advances in knowledge: All decomposition methods have their own specific problems. Image- domain decomposition also has barriers and problems, including the need for a predetermined table for the separation of different materials with specified coordinates. In the present study, it attempts to solve this problem by using clustering methods and relying on the intervals between different materials in the attenuation domain.
Outcome and safety of upper pole versus non-upper pole single puncture PCNL for staghorn stones: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gunawan Steven , Birowo Ponco , Rasyid Nur , Atmoko Widi 
Published: April 2019

Background:Staghorn stones are mostly treated by percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), either with an upper-pole (UP) or non-upper (lower- or middle-) pole (NP) approach. NP access has a lower risk of bleeding and thoracic complications but may not be sufficient for complete stone clearance. UP access is advocated as the preferred approach, because of direct access to the collecting system. However, it is associated with a higher complications rate, including pneumothorax and hydrothorax, and a higher risk of bleeding. This meta-analysis aimed to describe the outcomes and safety of PCNL for staghorn stones using UP and NP approaches.Methods:A systematic literature review was conducted using several databases such as: PubMed; EBSCO; Science Direct; Cochrane and Google Scholar. Data from all selected articles were extracted by two independent reviewers. Relevant parameters explored using Review Manager V5.3.Results:Five comparative studies of staghorn stones involving 384 renal units were analyzed; 176 cases used the UP approach and 208 the NP approach. There was no significant difference in stone-free rate between these approaches, with 74.4% undergoing the UP approach and 71.1% the NP approach considered stone-free (OR: 1.55; 95% CI: 0.92-2.63; P=0.10). The rate of thoracic complications (hydrothorax and pneumothorax) did not differ significantly (OR: 3.14; 95% CI: 0.63-15.62; P=0.16). However, we noted that 5 of 176 patients that underwent the UP approach experienced thoracic complications. The incidence of post-procedural fever and sepsis is similar (OR: 1.18; 95% CI: 0.52-2.64; P=0.69). Neither post-procedural urine leakage (OR: 2.03; 95% CI: 0.70-5.85; P=0.19) nor requirement of blood transfusions (OR: 0.49; 95% CI: 0.14-1.76; P=0.27) differed significantly.Conclusion:PCNL with UP access for staghorn stone has a similar stone-free rate to the NP approach. Thoracic complication rate which was believed to be higher in the UP group is also deemed similar with NP access.
Drug-Induced Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure in Asian Patients
Authors: Devarbhavi Harshad , Choudhury Ashok Kumar , Sharma Manoj Kumar , Maiwall Rakhi , Al Mahtab Mamun , Rahman Salimur , Chawla Yogesh K. , Dhiman Radha K. , Duseja Ajay , Taneja Sunil , Ning Qin , Jia Ji Dong , Duan Zhongping , Yu Chen , Eapen Chundamannil E. , Goel Ashish , Tan Soek Siam , Hamid Saeed Sadiq , Butt Amna Subhan , Jafri Wasim , Kim Dong Joon , Hu Jinhua , Sood Ajit , Midha Vandana , Shukla Akash , Ghazinian Hasmik , Sahu Manoj Kumar , Treeprasertsuk Sombat , Lee Guan Huei , Lim Seng Gee , Lesmana L.A. , Lesmana Cosmas Rinaldi , Shah Samir , Kalal Chetan , Abbas Zaigham , Sollano Jose D. , Prasad V.G. Mohan , Payawal Diana Alacantra , Dokmeci A. Kadir , Rao P. Nagaraja , Shrestha Ananta , Lau George K. , Yuen Man Fung , Saraswat Vivek A. , Shiha Gamal , Yokosuka Osamu , Kedarisetty Chandan Kumar , Jain Priyanka , Bhatia Puja , Sarin Shiv K. ,   for the APASL ACLF working party
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVES:
Acute insults from viruses, infections, or alcohol are established causes of decompensation leading to acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). Information regarding drugs as triggers of ACLF is lacking. We examined data regarding drugs producing ACLF and analyzed clinical features, laboratory characteristics, outcome, and predictors of mortality in patients with drug-induced ACLF.

METHODS:
We identified drugs as precipitants of ACLF among prospective cohort of patients with ACLF from the Asian Pacific Association of Study of Liver (APASL) ACLF Research Consortium (AARC) database. Drugs were considered precipitants after exclusion of known causes together with a temporal association between exposure and decompensation. Outcome was defined as death from decompensation.

RESULTS:
Of the 3,132 patients with ACLF, drugs were implicated as a cause in 329 (10.5%, mean age 47 years, 65% men) and other nondrug causes in 2,803 (89.5%) (group B). Complementary and alternative medications (71.7%) were the commonest insult, followed by combination antituberculosis therapy drugs (27.3%). Alcoholic liver disease (28.6%), cryptogenic liver disease (25.5%), and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) (16.7%) were common causes of underlying liver diseases. Patients with drug-induced ACLF had jaundice (100%), ascites (88%), encephalopathy (46.5%), high Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) (30.2), and Child-Turcotte-Pugh score (12.1). The overall 90-day mortality was higher in drug-induced (46.5%) than in non–drug-induced ACLF (38.8%) (P = 0.007). The Cox regression model identified arterial lactate (P < 0.001) and total bilirubin (P = 0.008) as predictors of mortality.

DISCUSSION:
Drugs are important identifiable causes of ACLF in Asia-Pacific countries, predominantly from complementary and alternative medications, followed by antituberculosis drugs. Encephalopathy, bilirubin, blood urea, lactate, and international normalized ratio (INR) predict mortality in drug-induced ACLF.
COTAS ELEITORAIS: a participação das mulheres na política argentina e brasileira
Authors: Lopez Caetana Caceres , Braun Neto Francisco Alfredo , Delfini C. de Oliveira Ana Claudia 
Published: April 2019

ResumoO objetivo deste artigo é analisar o sistema de cotas eleitorais para o aperfeiçoamento da democracia e a participação feminina nas cotas eleitorais no Brasil e na Argentina. As conclusões apontam para avanços políticos em prol da paridade de gênero e uma mudança gradativa nestes países, mas isso ainda não significa o alcance da igualdade de gênero. Palavras-chave: Gênero. Política. Cotas Eleitorais. Argentina. Brasil. ELECTION QUOTAS: the participation of women in Argentine and BrazilianÂ politicsAbstract The aim of this paper is to analyze the system of electoral quotas for the improvement of democracy and women's participation in the electoral quotas in Brazil and Argentina. The conclusions point to political progress towards gender parity and a gradual change in these countries, but that still does not mean the reach of equality of gender.Keywords: Gender. Politics. Election Quotas. Argentina. Brazil.Â
A mulher na literatura luso-brasileira: vozes e ventos na representação e identidade da mulher
Authors: Azevedo Natanael Duarte , RAMIRES Vicentina Maria 
Published: April 2019

ResumoO texto dialoga com dois personagens singulares da história da literatura luso-brasileira, levantando questões sobre o lugar da mulher nesse contexto social, com base na bibliografia da Marquesa de Alorna e na personagem Maria Monforte, da obra "Os Maias" (Eça de Queirós), a partir da representação da mulher brasileira, para iniciarmos nosso diálogo entre essas duas representações do feminino na literatura portuguesa. Como aporte teórico, utilizamos Bakhtin (2003), para a nossa análise, que é direcionada para a construção de sentido pelos signos carregados de valor (vida e morte), tendo como fio condutor a sensualidade do feminino na produção de sentido. Palavras-chave: Literatura Luso-Brasileira. Mulher e Literatura. Representação.Â Abstract The text aims to dialog with two unique characters of Luso-Brazilian literature, Marchioness of Alorna, and the character Mary Monforte, in the book "The Mayas", by Eça de Queirós, considering Brazilian women's representation. As a theoretical framework, we will use the Bakhtin/Voloshinov's work, which provides the means to trace the dialogue proposed for analysis. The analysis is directed to the construction of meaning by signs such as life and death, guided by female sensuality in the production of meaning from the listed works (Sonnets, by Marchioness of Alorna; The Mayas, by Eça de Queirós). Key words: Luso-Brazilian literature. Women and literature. Representation. IdentityÂ
Dos projetos literários dos "homens de letras" á€ literatura combativa das "mulheres de letrasâ€: imprensa, literatura e gênero no brasil de fins do século XIX
Authors: Silva Laila T. Correa e 
Published: April 2019

Resumo Neste artigo pretendo analisar o cenário literário carioca no momento de transição entre a Monarquia e a República, a partir da problematização do fato de que até agora a maioria dos estudos nos campos da sociologia, história cultural ou história social apenas exploram a atuação literária e política dos "homens de letrasâ€, especialmente durante esse período. Proponho, portanto, uma leitura que conecta homens e mulheres de letras, centrando em Machado de Assis, Arthur Azevedo, Ignez Sabino, Maria Benedicta Cá‚mara Bormann [Délia] e Josephina AÌlvares de Azevedo, atuantes na imprensa feminina e na de grande circulação na Corte Imperial dos anos 1880 e na Capital Federal dos anos 1890. A imprensa é aqui compreendida como o campo no qual se estabeleceu uma rede de contatos entre esses homens e mulheres. A literatura produzida no espaço dos jornais do Rio de Janeiro promove a possibilidade da investigação dos significados de projetos políticos e literários de cunho democrático de agentes históricos, homens e, principalmente, de mulheres, que pretendiam pensar de modo crítico e propositivo o papel da literatura numa sociedade recém- egressa da escravidão e da Monarquia. Palavras- chave: Imprensa Brasileira de Fins do Século XIX. Gé‚nero. Transição do Império para República.Abstract In this article I intend to analyze the national literary scene in the moment of transition between the Monarchy and the Republic, from the problematization of the fact that until now most of the studies in the fields of sociology, cultural history or social history only explore the literary and political action of "men of letters", especially during this period. I propose, therefore, a reading that connects men and women of letters, focusing on Machado de Assis, Arthur Azevedo, Ignez Sabino, Maria Benedicta Cá‚mara Bormann [Délia] and Josephina AÌlvares de Azevedo, who are active in the women's press and in circulation in the Court Imperial in the 1880s and in the Capital Federal of the 1890s.Â The press is understood here as the field in which a network of contacts has been established between these men and women. The literature produced in space of Rio de Janeiro newspapers promotes the possibility of investigating the meanings of political and literary projects of a democratic nature of historical agents, both men and women, who intend to rethink in a critical and propositive way the role of literature in a newly- after slavery and the Monarchy.Key-words: Brazilian press at the end of the 19th century; Genre; Transition from the Monarchy to the Republic.Â
Mulheres e romances, gêneros perigosos: ideias oitocentistas sobre leitoras e autoras de romances no Reino Unido
Authors: Franciscon Taís 
Published: April 2019

ResumoO presente artigo explora a relação entre mulheres e romances, um tema bastante discutido ao longo dos séculos XVIII e XIX no Reino Unido em artigos de jornais, prefácios de obras literárias e resenhas críticas especializadas. Apresentarei alguns desses textos com o intuito de demonstrar como ideias sobre leitoras e autoras de romances foram constituídas no período, além de apresentar dados provenientes de histórias literárias feministas.Palavras-chave:Â Século XIX. Reino Unido. Romance. Autoria Feminina. História da Leitura.Women and prose, a dangerous gender and a dangerous genre: 19th century ideas on female readers and female writers in the United KingdomAbstract This article explores the relationship between women and novels, a theme that was intensely discussed in newspaper articles, preface to literary works and critical reviews throughout the 18th and 19th centuries in the United Kingdom. I will present some of these texts in order to demonstrate how ideas of women readers and women authors were constituted in the period, and present some data about this subject from feminist historiographies.Keywords: 19th Century. United Kingdom. Novel. Women Writing. Book History.Â
Vulnerabilidades e marginalização no mundo do trabalho da prostituição
Authors: Elias Ana Rosa Ribeiro , Junqueira Marcelle Aparecida de Barros , Noronha Isabel Cristiane de , Pereira Janaína , Giuliani Carla Denari , Ferreira Maria Cristina de Moura 
Published: April 2019

Resumo
Este texto aponta diferentes compreensões da atividade de prostituição no contexto social e analisa esse tema enquanto atividade laboral inserida no mundo do trabalho. Nesse sentido, discute as intersecções dessa atividade junto a Política Nacional da Saúde do Trabalhador e da Trabalhadora, bem como as vulnerabilidades e riscos laborais implicadas nesse contexto.
Palavras-chave: Prostituição; Saúde do Trabalhador; Riscos Ocupacionais
Direitos sociais e assistência social
Authors: Soares Mayra Ferreira , Mathis Adriana De Azevedo 
Published: April 2019

RESUMO
O presente artigo tem como objeto de estudo as demandas de direitos humanos sociais apresentadas pelas famílias no âmbito da Assistência Social no município de Parauapebas/Pa. Identifica-se que na perspectiva da garantia de direitos o retrato da família acaba sendo centralizado na figura da mulher, a qual carrega inúmeras responsabilidades para além do seio familiar, pois, as situações de violação de direitos onde crianças e adolescentes são as principais vítimas, posicionam-se como questões de foro intimo a família, ligadas principalmente ao papel da mulher no cuidado e na proteção de seus entes.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Família. Direitos Humanos. Direitos Sociais. Assistência Social. Parauapebas.
Accuracy assessment of relative and precise point positioning online GPS processing services
Authors: El Shouny Ahmed , Miky Yehia 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Over the last few years, several institutions, research centers, and organizations have developed different strategies for GPS data processing and analysis to obtain high accurate coordinates. They are taking into considerations overcoming restrictions and limitations such as necessity of using relative positioning, time consuming, and high cost of different processing software. One of these developed strategies is the web–based online GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems) processing service which estimates coordinates with centimeter or decimeter level accuracy. This study aims to represent the most popular of these services, namely AUSPOS, OPUS, APPS, GAPS, Trimble RTX, and CSRS–PPP, also to perform in-between comparison of these services with respect to their achieved accuracy using field observations with different durations. The obtained results were compared with a real field data measured using traditional relative positioning technique with high accuracy standards. The set of data used in this study was performed in the Eastern zone in Egypt. The results of this comparison indicate that these services can be used as an alternative method for relative positioning technique due to their simplicity, cost-effective and saving in time. They saved about 75 % from the time required for traditional method to produce coordinate with reasonable accuracy. The maximum standard deviation obtained was 15.4 cm from APPS service with time less than two hours, while the minimum standard deviation was 0.07 cm and obtained from CSRS–PPP with time duration from 6 to 12 hours. For achieving more accurate results, it is recommended to use time duration more than two hours.
The semantics and functions of Anglicisms and Germanisms in present-day advertising written peninsular Spanish: a comparison
Authors: Díaz José Antonio Rodríguez 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Advertising language in peninsular Spanish has been the subject of extensive study due to its innovative nature and richness of expression. Most attention has been paid to the communication processes involved, its linguistic functions, and its shortening communicative mechanisms at morphological, lexico-semantic and syntactic levels; however, the functions of English and German loanwords and the reasons for their remarkable productivity in advertising written texts have been addressed less frequently. Using data from a 200,000 word personally gathered linguistic corpus extending throughout the period 1998–2007, I focus on the reasons and factors that are responsible for the high productivity of these lexical Anglicisms and the noteworthiness of Germanisms in contemporary press advertising peninsular Spanish. The analysis here examines their semantic nature following a semantic typology adapted for the special tecnolect of advertising. Under discussion will be, among others, the main reasons which may account for the high productivity of loanwords in advertising language with special reference to several examples and a presentation of the results obtained comparing both Anglicisms and Germanisms regarding their semantic categorization and the corresponding considerations that derive from it.