bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Room temperature impact‐induced deposition of pure SiC coating layer by vacuum kinetic spraying
Authors: Kim Kyu‐Sik , Lee Kee‐Ahn 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis study successfully manufactured a thick, pure SiC coating layer with a thickness of 83.3 μm using vacuum kinetic spray process and investigated the unique impact‐induced deposition behavior at room temperature. The simulated result of SiC particle collides with the metallic matrix, or predeposited SiC layer confirmed that particle shock pressure could increase up to the maximum pressure of 27.2 GPa. Moreover, the particles were predicted to fracture to submicrometer size after plastic deformation and those characteristics also matched microstructural observations made with a transmission electron microscope. The SiC coating layer formed an unexpected microstructure composed of bent lattices, fractured submicrometer‐sized particles, and amorphous layers. Correlating the microstructure and simulation results suggested that a pure SiC coating layer could be formed using mechanical anchoring and amorphous bonding at room temperature.
MicroRNA‐539 functions as a tumour suppressor in prostate cancer via the TGF‐β/Smad4 signalling pathway by down‐regulating DLX1
Authors: Sun Baogang , Fan Yingying , Yang Aijun , Liang Lunan , Cao Jinghe 
Published: July 2019

AbstractProstate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer‐related death in males, primarily due to its metastatic potential. The present study aims to identify the expression of microRNA‐539 (miR‐539) in PCa and further investigate its functional relevance in PCa progression both in vitro and in vivo. Initially, microarray analysis was conducted to obtain the differentially expressed gene candidates and the regulatory miRNAs, after which the possible interaction between the two was determined. Next, ectopic expression and knock‐down of the levels of miR‐539 were performed in PCa cells to identify the functional role of miR‐539 in PCa pathogenesis, followed by the measurement of E‐cadherin, vimentin, Smad4, c‐Myc, Snail1 and SLUG expression, as well as proliferation, migration and invasion of PCa cells. Finally, tumour growth was evaluated in nude mice through in vivo experiments. The results found that miR‐539 was down‐regulated and DLX1 was up‐regulated in PCa tissues and cells. miR‐539 was also found to target and negatively regulate DLX1 expression, which resulted in the inhibition of the TGF‐β/Smad4 signalling pathway. Moreover, the up‐regulation of miR‐539 or DLX1 gene silencing led to the inhibition of PCa cell proliferation, migration, invasion, EMT and tumour growth, accompanied by increased E‐cadherin expression and decreased expression of vimentin, Smad4, c‐Myc, Snail1 and SLUG. In conclusion, the overexpression of miR‐539‐mediated DLX1 inhibition could potentially impede EMT, proliferation, migration and invasion of PCa cells through the blockade of the TGF‐β/Smad4 signalling pathway, highlighting a potential miR‐539/DLX1/TGF‐β/Smad4 regulatory axis in the treatment of PCa.
The Road to Trust. A Vignette Study on the Determinants of Citizens' Trust in the European Commission
Authors: Schafheitle Simon , Weibel Antoinette , Meidert Nadine , Leuffen Dirk 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis article analyses the determinants of citizens' trust in the European Commission. We examined four predictors of citizens' trust in political institutions: political participation, value congruence, performance outcomes and attributability of performance outcomes. We argue that these factors impact trust in the European Commission, which is a necessary precondition for making a risky investment and willingness to pay taxes, which can be understood as behavioural consequences of trust. To examine our hypotheses we have implemented a vignette study. Our analyses show that value congruence, the European Commission's perceived performance and attributability impact risky investments via trust, as expected. Political participation exerts a direct significant influence on risky investments.
Cutibacterium acnes phylotypes diversity loss: a trigger for skin inflammatory process
Authors: Dagnelie M.‐A. , Corvec S. , Saint‐Jean M. , Nguyen J.‐M. , Khammari A. , Dréno B. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundAcne has long been understood as a multifactorial chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous follicle, where Cutibacterium acnes (subdivided into six main phylotypes) is a crucial factor. In parallel, the loss of microbial diversity among the skin commensal communities has recently been shown as often accompanied by inflammatory skin disorders.ObjectiveThis study investigated the association of C. acnes phylotype diversity loss and the impact on Innate Immune System (IIS) activation.MethodsThe IIS response of skin after incubation with phylotypes IA1, II or III individually and with the combination of IA1 + II + III phylotypes, was studied in an in vitro skin explant system. The inflammatory response was monitored by immunohistochemistry and ELISA assays, targeting a selection of Innate Immune Markers (IIMs) (IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10, IL‐17, TGF‐β).ResultsIIMs were significantly upregulated in skin when being incubated with phylotype IA1 alone compared with the combination IA1 + II + III. In parallel, ELISA assays confirmed these results in supernatants for IL‐17, IL‐8 and IL‐10.ConclusionWe identify the loss of C. acnes phylotype diversity as a trigger for IIS activation, leading to cutaneous inflammation. These innovative data underline the possibility to set up new approaches to treat acne. Indeed, maintaining the balance between the different phylotypes of C. acnes may be an interesting target for the development of drugs.
Why cooperation is not running away
Authors: Geoffroy Félix , Baumard Nicolas , André Jean‐Baptiste 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA growing number of experimental and theoretical studies show the importance of partner choice as a mechanism to promote the evolution of cooperation, especially in humans. In this paper, we focus on the question of the precise quantitative level of cooperation that should evolve under this mechanism. When individuals compete to be chosen by others, their level of investment in cooperation evolves towards higher values, a process called competitive altruism, or runaway cooperation. Using a classic adaptive dynamics model, we first show that when the cost of changing partner is low, this runaway process can lead to a profitless escalation of cooperation. In the extreme, when partner choice is entirely frictionless, cooperation even increases up to a level where its cost entirely cancels out its benefit. That is, at evolutionary equilibrium, individuals gain the same payoff than if they had not cooperated at all. Second, importing models from matching theory in economics we, however, show that when individuals can plastically modulate their choosiness in function of their own cooperation level, partner choice stops being a runaway competition to outbid others and becomes a competition to form the most optimal partnerships. In this case, when the cost of changing partner tends towards zero, partner choice leads to the evolution of the socially optimum level of cooperation. This last result could explain the observation that human cooperation seems to be often constrained by considerations of social efficiency.
Prevalence and characteristics of pregnancy‐ and lactation‐related calls to the National Poison Centre in Belgium: A retrospective analysis of calls from 2012 to 2017
Authors: Ceulemans Michael , Fortuin Marijke , Van Calsteren Kristel , Allegaert Karel , Foulon Veerle 
Published: July 2019

AbstractRationale, aims, and objectiveIn the absence of a Teratology Information Service in Belgium, the National Poison Centre might act as a substitute centre for answering pregnancy‐ and lactation‐related questions regarding medication use. The aim of this study was to define the prevalence and characteristics of pregnancy‐ and lactation‐related calls to the National Poison Centre in Belgium, as well as the type of health products involved during these calls.MethodA retrospective, descriptive study on pregnancy‐ and lactation‐related calls involving health products received by the Belgian Poison Centre between January 2012 and December 2017 was performed. Health products were categorized as registered medicines or non‐registered health products; medicines were further classified according to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification system.ResultsThe Poison Centre annually received about 361 calls related to pregnancy and lactation. Pregnant and lactating women mainly called the Poison Centre themselves in case of exposure, while relatives were the predominant type of caller when preventive information was requested. The Poison Centre was mostly contacted for information about medicines and especially for preventive questions during lactation. Many questions involved over‐the‐counter medicines such as paracetamol and ibuprofen. Given the safety issues related to some involved products (eg, ibuprofen, zolpidem, benzodiazepines, and pseudoephedrine), seeking for advice was justified.ConclusionsThe Belgian Poison Centre received almost daily calls from patients and health care professionals on medication exposure during pregnancy and lactation. These findings underline the importance of evidence‐based counselling of pregnant and lactating women and should encourage health care professionals to engage themselves more actively when counselling on the rational use of medicines during pregnancy and lactation. The findings also contribute to the ongoing discussion to establish a Teratology Information Service in Belgium.
Postpartum Weight Retention in Primiparous Women and Weight Outcomes in Their Offspring
Authors: Gallagher Kelly , Ralph Jody , Petros Thomas , Qualls Clifford , Leeman Lawrence , Rogers Rebecca G. 
Published: July 2019

IntroductionTo explore the effect of prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain on postpartum weight retention in nulliparous women and weight‐for‐length percentiles of offspring to 2 years following birth.MethodsA retrospective secondary analysis of a large, prospective longitudinal study of women conducted during pregnancy and after their first birth was completed to examine outcomes associated with postpartum weight retention. A chart review of the offspring of these women was completed to explore the relationship between maternal prepregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain on offspring weight‐for‐length percentiles.ResultsData from 652 woman‐infant dyads were available for analysis. Average postpartum weight retention was 4.0 kg at one year for all groups. At 6 weeks postpartum, women who were obese prior to pregnancy retained significantly less weight than did women who were normal weight prior to pregnancy (P < .05). Women who were normal weight or overweight at the onset of pregnancy and had gestational weight gain within Institute of Medicine recommendations retained significantly less weight at 6 weeks, 6 months, and 1 year postpartum (P < .01) when compared with women in those same weight groups who had a gestational weight gain in excess of the recommended guideline. Women who entered pregnancy obese and who had a gestational weight gain within the recommended weight range during pregnancy retained significantly less weight compared with women who were obese and who gained in excess of the guideline at 6 weeks postpartum only (P < .05). No statistically significant differences were seen in offspring weight‐for‐length percentiles at any time point based on maternal prepregnancy BMI or weight gain within guidelines.DiscussionMany women retained weight up to one year postpartum. In this study, we saw no statistically significant differences between the prepregnant BMI groups or between gestational weight gain within guidelines or in excess of guidelines on offspring weight‐for‐length percentiles.
Magnetocardiographic identification of prolonged fetal corrected QT interval in women receiving treatment for opioid use disorder
Authors: Bolin Elijah H. , Escalona‐Vargas Diana , Daily Joshua A. , Siegel Eric R. , Lowery Curtis L. , Coker Jessica , Stowe Zachary N. , Eswaran Hari 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimPregnant women undergoing treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD) may be exposed to multiple QT prolonging agents. We used magnetocardiography to measure fetal QT intervals in mothers with OUD on buprenorphine therapy.MethodsFetal and maternal magnetocardiography was performed in pregnant women receiving buprenorphine‐assisted treatment (Disorder group); these were matched by gestational age to pregnant women who were opiate naïve (Reference group). Corrected QT intervals were determined using Bazett's formula and compared between groups.ResultsA total of eight women in the Disorder group matched to eight in the Reference group. Seven of the mothers (88%) in the Disorder group were smokers; there were no smokers in the Reference group. The average fetal corrected QT was significantly longer (P = 0.022) in the Disorder group than that in the Reference group (505 milliseconds [ms] ± 68.6 [standard deviation] vs 383 ms ± 70.3 [standard deviation]).ConclusionNovel data from this small sample demonstrate prolongation of fetal corrected QT in women with OUD participating in buprenorphine assisted therapy. Additional investigation from a larger sample is needed to clarify if fetal buprenorphine and/or tobacco exposure is associated with changes in fetal QT which would warrant further prenatal and postnatal testing.
The Association of Group‐Based Discrimination with Health and Well‐Being: A Comparison of Ableism with Other “Isms”
Authors: Branco Carla , Ramos Miguel R. , Hewstone Miles 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDiscrimination has negative consequences for the health and well‐being (HWB) of individuals belonging to disadvantaged groups. Due to social and attitudinal barriers, we argue that disabled people comprise one of the groups most affected by discrimination. Using data from the European Social Survey, including representative samples from 32 countries surveyed in seven waves (2002–2014), we compared the effects of ableism on HWB with discrimination targeting other groups (e.g., sexism and ageism). We tested these effects between individuals (i.e., comparing the effects of individuals belonging to different disadvantaged groups) and within individuals (i.e., examining the case of individuals belonging to multiple disadvantaged categories). Results indicated that facing ableism is associated with lower HWB, and that this effect has a greater magnitude when compared to the effect of being discriminated because of other disadvantaged group memberships. Our findings highlight the significance of addressing ableism in research and social policy.
Demographic, Experiential, and Temporal Variation in Ableism
Authors: Harder Jenna A. , Keller Victor N. , Chopik William J. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractData from Project Implicit were analyzed to explore trends in ableism. Over 300,000 U.S. residents with and without disabilities completed the Disability Implicit Association Test and two measures of explicit prejudice. The most consistent predictors of bias across types of prejudice were gender and contact with individuals with disabilities: Women and those who had contact were less prejudiced. Temporal analyses indicated that mean implicit prejudice increased over time (2004–2017), yet explicit bias showed a decline over the same period. Among people with disabilities, implicit and explicit prejudice were related to lower contact with others who shared one's disability, as well as to perceptions that one's disorder affects few activities and/or is primarily mental or emotional. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
On an Unidentified Fixed‐Effects Three‐Parameter Logistic Model
Authors: Ogasawara Haruhiko 
Published: July 2019

AbstractFor the fixed‐effects three‐parameter logistic model in item response theory, the necessary and sufficient condition of the model identification is presented synthesizing known results. An optimal transformation of parameters for model identification in Maris's unidentified case to remove or reduce the skewness of abilities is shown. In many cases, the vanishing skewnesses are obtained in the possible range of transformation for parameters with some improvements in the test response and information functions.
Manuscript studies and the eighteenth century
Authors: Havens Hilary 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis essay provides an overview of recent contributions to the field of manuscript studies in the long eighteenth century. Although a number of early (and some contemporary) scholars have read print as the primary written form during the long eighteenth century, most researchers today acknowledge that manuscript traditions persisted despite the advent of print; recent scholarship reads them as complementary, where manuscript is no longer subsumed by print culture. This increased valuation of manuscript culture has shaped our understandings of literary and non‐literary genres and even the concept of authorship itself. This essay discusses the foundations and methodologies of manuscript studies of the eighteenth century, which arise out of the fields of bibliography and textual studies and corresponding developments in the early modern period. The latter part of the essay surveys some of the recent developments and directions of the field, including the intersecting disciplines of women's studies, genre theory, and readership and authorship practices.
Translating Robert Burns into Bengali: A case study of Rabindranath, Dwijendralal and Satyendranath
Authors: Sarkar Abhishek 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis article closely studies the translations of Robert Burns's songs/poems made by Rabindranath Tagore (1861–1941), Dwijendralal Ray (1863–1913) and Satyendranath Dutta (1882–1922), three leading lyric poets of the Bengali language. Apart from Rabindranath's famous adaptation of the text and tune of two of Burns's songs (“Auld Lang Syne” and “Ye Banks and Braes O'Bonnie Doon”), he also translated four of Burns's songs for the monthly Bharati between 1878 and '79. He indigenizes Burns's songs and deploys the idiom of contemporary Bengali poetry (using throughout a Sanskritized poetic register) without emphasizing the foreign source. As opposed to this, the five translations of Burns's songs by Dwijendaralal Roy (included in Aryagatha, Part 2, 1893) are more innovative, if not always with a happy result. Dwijendralal's translations attempt to be closer to the source text in terms of the overarching temperament. Besides, they experiment with idioms and dialects. As opposed to these two, Satyendranath Dutta in his translation of “To a Mouse” and “A Man's a Man for A' that” (included in Tirthasalil, 1908) follows the meaning of the source text with rigorous loyalty. More importantly, he tries to approximate to the rhythm and stanza pattern of the original with startling results. As part of his vast repertoire of lyrics in translation, Satyendranath's rendition of Burns gestures towards a tacit paradigm of “world literature” and internationalism. This article attempts a comparative study of these translations of Burns with a view to assessing their underlying aesthetics and cross‐cultural negotiations.
Inference for large financial systems
Authors: Giesecke Kay , Schwenkler Gustavo , Sirignano Justin A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe treat the parameter estimation problem for mean‐field models of large interacting financial systems such as the banking system and a pool of assets held by an institution or backing a security. We develop an asymptotic inference approach that addresses the scale and complexity of such systems. Harnessing the weak convergence results developed for mean‐field financial systems in the literature, we construct an approximate likelihood for large systems. The approximate likelihood has a conditionally Gaussian structure, enabling us to design an efficient numerical method for its evaluation. We provide a representation of the corresponding approximate estimator in terms of a weighted least‐squares estimator, and use it to analyze the large‐system and large‐sample behavior of the estimator. Numerical results for a mean‐field model of systemic financial risk highlight the efficiency and accuracy of our estimator.
Incentivising a career in older adult nursing: The views of student nurses
Authors: Naughton Corina , O’Shea Katie L. , Hayes Nicky 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackground and aimNurse vacancy rates in older adult services are disproportionately high compared to other areas of nursing. This is partly because few student nurses consider it an attractive career option once qualified due to perceptions of low‐status, strenuous nature of the work and impoverished care environments. The study aimed to explore students' perceptions of incentives that could counterbalance the barriers for new graduate nurses joining this speciality.MethodsA qualitative descriptive design using focus group interviews was carried out with six groups of student nurses (n = 27) following completion of their acute care older adult placements in three hospitals. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsThe barriers from students' perspectives were constructed as a vicious cycle of staff shortages and inadequate resources that created impoverished environments leading to a dissonance between ideal and delivered care. Over one‐third of students were unlikely to consider a career in older adults nursing, but the remaining students could identify incentives that may tempt them. Four main themes and eight subthemes were identified: gerontological status and leadership (ward leadership; respected others); relational care (legitimising emotional support, care vs. cure goals); quality work environment (pay as recognition, 12‐hr shifts); and education‐career pathways (gerontological knowledge, career progression).ConclusionRadical new approaches, based on student and nurse engagement, are required to incentivise a career in gerontological nursing. A combination of shorter and longer term strategies that include education‐career pathways, a focus on relation care, and improved work conditions including financial incentives should be trialled.Implications for practiceIn terms of practice, addressing high nurse vacancy rates in older adult services that negaively impacts on patient outcomes requires a suite of incentives informed by ‘what matters’ to students and nurses working in the speciality.