bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the variability of GCMs' simulations using time series analysis
Authors: Zolghadr-Asli Babak , Bozorg-Haddad Omid , Sarzaeim Parisa , Chu Xuefeng 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The natural vulnerability to the climate change phenomenon due to the unique topographic and climatic conditions in the Middle East adds significance to an already important issue of evaluating the simulations of general circulation models (GCMs) in this region. To this end, this study employed time series analysis to evaluate GCMs' simulations, in terms of the air temperature variable, with regard to the observed climatic behaviors of Karkheh River basin, Iran. Resultantly, each of the GCMs' time series was broken down into three principal components (i.e., periodicity, trend, and stochastic component), and each component was analyzed accordingly. Results demonstrated that the simulations from different models significantly differed. Even though some models like CSIR-MK3.5 and INGV-SXG outperformed others in representing an accurate estimation of the historical climatic behavior of the southern plains of the Karkheh River, the GCMs could not provide a realistic simulation of the historical climatic behavior for the topographically challenging areas, like the northern mountainous parts of the basin. It should be noted that while the results from such analyses would shed light on the variability of the GCMs' simulations in regional-scale studies, the results, under no circumstances, provide evidence indicating that one model is more accurate than another.
The prevalence and diversity of AmpC β-lactamase genes in plasmids from aquatic systems
Authors: Coertze Roelof Dirk , Bezuidenhout Cornelius Carlos 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the presence and diversity of AmpC β-lactamase and integrase genes among DNA (genomic and plasmid) from bacterial populations in selected aquatic systems. Following an enrichment step, DNA was isolated and subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and digital droplet PCR. The intI1 gene and AmpC β-lactamase genes were present in genomic and plasmid DNA from all sites in the Mooi, Crocodile and Marico Rivers, with the exception of intI1 in the Marico River. Digital droplet PCR demonstrated that copy numbers varied considerably (0.0 to 29.38 copies per picogram of DNA). Some samples in which ampC was not detected, intI1 was present. Amplicons of ampC genes were subjected to restriction digest using HindIII. Samples where the restriction markers were absent were purified by cloning followed by plasmid extraction, PCR amplification, and sequencing of individual AmpC gene fragments. Phylogenetic analysis identified all positive AmpC genes as Class C β-lactamases, comprising of ampC, CMY- and ACT-families. Detecting AmpC and intl1 genes on plasmids suggests a high risk of horizontal gene transfer and potential dissemination of these and other antibiotic resistance genes surrounding immediate aquatic environments. Consequences of β-lactamase diversity in aquatic ecosystems are relatively unexplored in South African aquatic ecosystems.
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity among Tabuk Citizens in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Gutierrez Jeneth , Alloubani Aladeen , Mari Mohammad , Alzaatreh Mohammad 
Published: April 2018

Background:Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is considered as the main cause of death worldwide. Identifying the links among CVDs risk factors can help decrease CVD-related deaths.Aim:To assess the prevalence of risk factors for CVD and their relationships among the Tabuk City population in Saudi Arabia.Methods:A cross-sectional design was used; 432 participants in the Tabuk region were included in this study.Results:The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) was 5.6%, the prevalence of hypertension (HTN) was 11.1% and obesity and overweight together were 69.9%. Mean Body Mass Index (BMI), HTN, and DM increased with age. There was a correlation between BMI with HTN (r=.200, p<.001), BMI and DM (r=.149, p<.001) and DM and HTN (r=.366, p<.001).Conclusion:Public awareness may help in reducing the prevalence of CVD.
Probiotics Strains Modulate Gut Microbiota and Lipid Metabolism in Mule Ducks
Authors: Even Maxime , Davail Stéphane , Rey Mikael , Tavernier Annabelle , Houssier Marianne , Bernadet Marie Dominique , Gontier Karine , Pascal Géraldine , Ricaud Karine 
Published: April 2018

Background:Livestock production should respond to societal, environmental and economic changes. Since 2006 and the ban on antibiotics as growth factors in European Union, the use of probiotics has become widespread and has demonstrated the effect of intestinal microbiota on the performance of farm animals.Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of supplementation withLactobacillus salivarius(as a probiotics strain or combined with other strains) on zootechnical performance, metabolic and immune gene expression and intestinal microbiota diversity in mule ducks using high-throughput sequencing and real-time PCR.Method:The mule ducks were reared for 79 days and overfed for 12 days with or without probiotics. Samples were collected at 14 (starting period) and 91 days (end of overfeeding period), 3 hours post feeding.Results:Irrespective of digestive content, age, level of feed intake or supplementation with probiotics,Firmicutes,ProteobacteriaandBacteroideteswere the dominant phyla in the bacterial community in mule ducks. At 14 days, both the ileal and cecal samples were dominated byFirmicutes(in particular theClostridialesorder). Overfeeding induced a shift betweenClostridialesandLactobacillalesin the ileal samples whereas in the cecal samples, the relative abundance ofFirmicutesdecreased. Overfeeding also induced hepatic over-expression of Fatty Acid Synthase (FAS) and of the lipid transporter gene Fatty Acid Binding Protein 4 (FABP4). This increase in lipid metabolism genes is associated with a decrease in inflammatory response.Conclusion:Finally, probiotic supplementation had only a slight impact on gene expression and microbiota diversity, both at 14 days and after overfeeding.
Clinical and economic benefits of advanced microplegia delivery system in cardiac surgery: evidence from 250 hospitals
Authors: Gerdisch Marc W , Robinson Scott , David Guy , Makepeace Stephanie , Ryan Michael P , Gunnarsson Candace 
Published: April 2018

Aim:Determine the impact of a second generation microplegia delivery system (MPS2) compared with traditional cardioplegia.Materials & methods:Multivariable difference-in-differences analysis using fixed effects was performed for each outcome: adverse event (AE) composite, total visit cost, medication cost, length of stay (LOS) and intensive care unit (ICU) days.Results:A 2.25% absolute risk reduction in AE composite was found with MPS2 compared with traditional cardioplegia, which equates to relative risk reduction of 5.25%. Significant reductions in LOS and ICU days (0.1 α level). Per case reduction of US$1231 total visit and US$192 medication costs were found in MPS2 hospitals.Conclusion:For hospitals with MPS2, significant reductions were seen in AEs, LOS and ICU days, which lead to reductions in total visit and medication costs.
Componentes mental y físico en universitarios con obesidad
Authors: Flórez Aristizábal Laura Victoria , Gonzalez-Correa Clara Helena 
Published: April 2018

La obesidad se correlaciona con comorbilidades, dentro de la dimensión biopsicosocial, que afectan la calidad de vida. Para confirmar esta hipótesis se organizó un programa de acondicionamiento físico moderado en el que participaron 58 jóvenes, estudiantes de la Universidad de Caldas (Colombia), con obesidad. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el impacto de dicho programa en los componentes físico y mental de los participantes, mediante el cuestionario de salud SF-36. Los resultados fueron medidos con la prueba estadística de Wilcoxon y la significancia de las diferencias con un p< 0.05. Por otra parte, el acondicionamiento en los aspectos físicos y mentales fueron valorados como esfuerzos intensos (p=0,034), esfuerzos moderados (p=0,034), autopercepción de salud (p=0,003), autopercepción de enfermedad (p=0,049), vitalidad (p=0,012), salud mental (p=0,09) y transición de salud (p=0,006). En conclusión, los aspectos físicos, cuyos índices eran los más bajos al inicio de la intervención, obtuvieron una mayor mejoría; mientras que los aspectos mentales, los cuales eran percibidos como los menos alterados, presentaron pocas diferencias.
Long-term evaluation of rapid maxillary expansion and bite-block therapy in open bite growing subjects:
Authors: Mucedero Manuela , Fusaroli Dimitri , Franchi Lorenzo , Pavoni Chiara , Cozza Paola , Lione Roberta 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To evaluate the long-term effects of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and posterior bite block (BB) in prepubertal subjects with dentoskeletal open bite.

Materials and Methods:
The treatment group (TG) comprised 16 subjects (14 girls, 2 boys) with dentoskeletal open bite with a mean age of 8.1 ± 1.1 years treated with RME and BB. Three consecutive lateral cephalograms were available before treatment (T1), at the end of the active treatment with the RME and BB (T2), and at a follow-up observation at least 4 years after the completion of treatment (T3). The TG was compared with a control group (CG) of 16 subjects (14 girls, 2 boys) matched for sex, age, and vertical skeletal pattern. An independent sample t-test was used to compare the T1 to T3, T1 to T2, and T2 to T3 cephalometric changes between the TG and the CG.

Results:
In the long term, the TG showed a significantly greater increase in overbite (+1.8 mm), reduced extrusion of maxillary and mandibular molars (−3.3 mm), and, consequently, a significant decrease in facial divergence (−2.8°) when compared with untreated subjects.

Conclusions:
The RME and BB protocol led to successful and stable recovery of positive overbite in 100% of the patients considered. Correction of open bite was associated with reduced extrusion of maxillary and mandibular molars with a significant improvement in vertical skeletal relationships when compared with the CG.
Transversalidad del eje “Medio ambiente” en educación superior: un diagnóstico de la Licenciatura en Contaduría de la UAGro / Transversality of the environment axis in higher education: a diagnosis of the bachelor's degree in Accounting from UAGro
Authors: Piza-Flores Valentín , Aparicio López José Luis , Rodríguez Alviso Columba , Beltrán Rosas Juana 
Published: April 2018

La educación ambiental es un campo de acción que permite atender los problemas derivados de la compleja relación hombre-naturaleza. La transversalidad, por su parte, surgió como una estrategia para incidir en la formación integral del estudiante, a través de la articulación horizontal o vertical de contenidos o asignaturas en un programa educativo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue diagnosticar la presencia del eje transversal “Medio ambiente” en el perfil de egreso y en las unidades de aprendizaje de la Licenciatura en Contaduría de la Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero (UAGro) como una vía para lograr la sustentabilidad en el currículo.Es una investigación de enfoque cuantitativo, transversal, descriptivo y exploratorio, para la cual se realizó un muestreo probabilístico estratificado de las seis academias que integran el programa. Además, durante el periodo mayo-diciembre de 2016, se aplicó el instrumento Diagnóstico sobre vinculación del eje transversal “Medio ambiente” al coordinador del programa educativo para conocer su percepción sobre la vinculación del eje transversal en cuestión con el perfil de egreso; aunado a ello, este mismo instrumento se aplicó a 17 docentes (25 %) para analizar el mismo número de unidades de aprendizaje (34 %). El coordinador refiere que de 13 elementos que integran el eje “Medio ambiente”, 3 no se vinculan, 9 están parcialmente vinculados y 1 está poco vinculado. En relación con los docentes, para el 83 % existe algún grado de vinculación, mientras que para el 17 % no la hay. En el caso de las academias, sólo Contabilidad General presenta un 25 % de muy vinculada; en contraparte, la de Inglés se considera como no vinculada. Lo anterior muestra la diferente percepción entre el coordinador y los docentes del programa, así como la desarticulación y departamentalización de las unidades de aprendizaje que no contribuyen al logro del perfil de egreso; también que el docente prioriza los temas disciplinares sobre los ambientales. Se concluye que transversalizar el currículo con este emergente social es una vía para que los educandos cuenten con una formación integral para la atención de los problemas que aquejan al planeta, en dirección al desarrollo sustentable.
Çip-Üstü-Laboratuvar (ÇÜL) Teknolojisinin Gıda Mikrobiyolojisindeki Uygulamaları
Authors: DÜVEN Gamze , ÇETİN Barbaros , KIŞLA Duygu 
Published: April 2018

Son 20 yılda ortaya çıkan mikro-kanal yapılarında mikro-litreler
mertebesinde akışkanın proses edilmesi için kullanılan çip-üstü-laboratuvar
(ÇÜL) sistemleri konvansiyonel yöntemlere bir alternatif oluşturmaktadır.
Mikro-yapıların kendine has özelliklerinden dolayı ÇÜL sistemleri, karmaşık
analizleri geleneksel yöntemlerle karşılaştırıldığında daha düşük maliyette, daha düşük enerji, daha düşük kimyasal sarfiyatı
ile daha verimli bir şekilde yapabilmekte ve bu yönleriyle birçok
alanda (biyomedikal, gıda, kimya, tıp, eczacılık, tarım vb.) çok değerli bir
seçenek oluşturmaktadır. Ayrıca bu sistemler otomasyona uygundur ve taşınabilir
olma potansiyelleri vardır. Özellikle gıda endüstrisinde bazı durumlarda analiz
sonuçlarının hızlı alınabilmesi işletme için büyük önem taşımaktadır. Çip-üstü
laboratuvar teknolojisi bu nedenle gıda endüstrisinde özellikle mikrobiyolojik
analizlerde hızlı sonuç vermesi, uzman personel gerektirmemesi, az örneğe
ihtiyaç duyması vb. özellikleri ile son zamanlarda oldukça önem taşımaktadır. Bu
çalışmada, ÇÜL cihazlarının çalışma prensipleri, polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu
(PZR), akış sitometrisi ve biyosensörler ile birlikte kullanıldığı entegre
sistemler ve bu sistemlerin gıda mikrobiyolojisindeki uygulamaları
anlatılmıştır.
UM NOVO CENTRO DE SOLUÇÃO DE CONTROVÉRSIAS EM INVESTIMENTOS PARA A AMÉRICA DO SUL BALANCEANDO INTERESSES PÚBLICOS E PRIVADOS
Authors: Freitas da Silva Ana Rachel 
Published: April 2018

Vários países da América do Sul demonstram insatisfação com os atuais sistemas de solução de controvérsias de investimentos, em especial, o ICSID. Limitações para a defesa de interesses públicos, inconsistência das decisões, interpretações extensivas das proteções e altos custos colocam em cheque o equilíbrio entre Estados e investidores. Tais críticas estão na base dos esforços dos países da UNASUL para criar um novo centro de solução de controvérsias de investimentos. O presente artigo tem o objetivo de informar e discutir algumas propostas gerais em negociação na UNASUL, sob a perspectiva do equilíbrio entre interesses de Estados e investidores. As propostas incluem ampliação da jurisdição para controvérsias entre Estados, mecanismos de prevenção de controvérsias e a possibilidade de apelação. O texto discute como tais propostas podem representar uma resposta aos problemas dos modelos atuais, com a limitação de que se tratam de reformas processuais. Concluímos que as mudanças podem ser úteis, contudo, o balanceamento dos interesses públicos e privados passa por uma reforma dos tratados vigentes e um debate conceitual sobre a inserção do chamado Direito Internacional dos Investimentos no Direito Internacional Público.
Development of the Documentation Base of Academic Libraries in the Modern System of Scientific Communications
Authors: Kochukova Elena V. , Podkorytova Natalya I. 
Published: April 2018

Formation of the new communication environment considerably influenced the position of library as an institution that provides information resources management. Modern means of communication stimulate the process of scientific integration, expand opportunities for communication and collaboration in the Internet; a new infrastructure for knowledge exchange is being formed. Academic libraries need to make effective use of the new communication tools in their activities. This global challenge needs to be addressed. The development of document flow, the system of its representation, distribution, and technology of its implementation in various formats have a significant impact on policy and technology of stocks generation. Currently, the formation of documentary base becomes an issue for academic libraries. Academic libraries, being the major buyers of scientific publications, lose the ability to acquire scientific literature due to the destruction of academic book publishing. Another urgent task is acquisition and preservation of collections of scientific literature. At present, generation of stocks of the RAS libraries has been greatly influenced (in addition to the new trends in development of the scientific communications system) by the change in the management model of the RAS research institutes, i.e. subordination of libraries to the Federal Agency for Scientific Organizations. Under the influence of environmental factors, the structure and composition of the documentation base of RAS libraries have significantly changed over the last decade.In the article, the complex of problems connected with the formation of modern resource potential of academic organizations is considered. The results of the analysis of the state of system of academic book publishing are presented; use of the generated stocks of academic libraries is analysed. The new trends in the policy and technology of the acquisition process are highlighted. In order to determine the prospects for the development of system of academic library collections, it is necessary to represent its current state with respect to all parameters, influencing its nature and content.
A relation of Swedenborgianism and anthroposophy
Authors: Mahlamäki Tiina 
Published: April 2018

My article discusses the influence of Emanuel- Swedenborg on a Finnish female author, Kersti Bergroth (1886–1975) through one of Bergroth’s novels Eläviä ja kuolleita (‘The Living and the Dead’, 1945). Bergroth was a prolific author with an anthroposophical bent, and an admirer of German idealism. In this particular novel Bergroth refers explicitly to Swedenborg and the story discloses a number of Swedenborgian themes: the doctrine of correspondences; a world divided into material, spiritual, and divine realms; and communication with the spirits of the dead. As Bergroth was an active member of the anthroposophical movement, I will also consider the route, spread, and place of Swedenborg’s ideas within anthroposophy and theosophy in the twentieth century.
A Justiça na Igreja: compreensão teológico-jurídica
Authors: Vieira Tarcísio Pedro 
Published: April 2018

A Igreja é por sua própria natureza promotora e defensora da Justiça. Para o cristão, promover a Justiça é realizar sua vocação: trabalhar pela salvação. No plano ético-religioso, a Igreja deve abrir-se à Justiça enquanto graça e dom de Deus,enquanto missão e compromisso, enquanto exigência da caridade e do reconhecimento da dignidade e dos direitos alheios. A Justiça, desta forma, não será plena se não estiver vinculada diretamente à Caridade, à Misericórdia, à equidade, à paz e à verdade. A Igreja, embora considere o quanto preconizado pela filosofia e pelos juristas romanos, apresenta o conceito de Justiça enriquecido com o ensinamento bíblico-teológico, enfatizando a primazia da Caridade. A Caridade, por sua vez, tem sua expressão maior na Misericórdia. Assim, a razão de ser da Justiça Eclesial é a Misericórdia, considerando que a sua lei suprema é a salvação das almas.
How Homogenous are the Madhesis? Implications for Inclusive and Affirmative Agendas
Authors: Subedi Madhusudan , Gautam Tika Ram 
Published: April 2018

Ethnicity, social inclusion/exclusion and inequality have been much more important and also equally debatable issues in contemporary Nepal. Some scholars (Bhattachan, 2009, 1995; Gurung, 1997; Gurung, 2012; Lawoti, 2005, 2012; Mabuhang, 2012) argue Bahuns, particularly hill Bahuns is the most privileged group with highest access to resources and opportunities and all other non-Brahmans such as Janajatis, Dalits, Madheshi, Muslims, and so on are the most deprived/excluded groups with least access to resources and opportunities. This paper, in contrast, based on NSII(2014) data, argues that Madhesis is neither a single nor a homogeneous group rather it is a broader caste/ethnic category which includes a number of Tarai/Madhesh caste/ethnic groups distinctly different from each other in terms of education, health, economy and politics. Some caste/ethnic groups, within Tarai/Madhesh groups or Madhesis, have better access to resources and opportunities and other Tarai/Madhesh groups have poor access to resources and opportunities. This kind of intra-group inequality can also be observed within all caste/ethnic groups of Tarai/Madhesh; Tarai Brahman/Chhetri, Tarai Dalit, Tarai Janajati, other Tarai Castes, and Muslims including heterogeneous Bahuns (Gautam, 2015). Therefore, Madhesis, as broader Tarai/Madhesh caste/ethnic group, is neither a single nor a homogeneous group rather it is a heterogeneous category with wider inter-group inequality in terms of access to resources and opportunities. The Journal of Development and Administrative Studies (JODAS), Vol. 24 (1-2), pp. 25-38
Increased Heat Transport in Ultra-hot Jupiter Atmospheres through H2 Dissociation and Recombination
Authors: Bell Taylor J. , Cowan Nicolas B. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
A new class of exoplanets is beginning to emerge: planets with dayside atmospheres that resemble stellar atmospheres as most of their molecular constituents dissociate. The effects of the dissociation of these species will be varied and must be carefully accounted for. Here we take the first steps toward understanding the consequences of dissociation and recombination of molecular hydrogen (H2) on atmospheric heat recirculation. Using a simple energy balance model with eastward winds, we demonstrate that H2 dissociation/recombination can significantly increase the day–night heat transport on ultra-hot Jupiters (UHJs): gas giant exoplanets where significant H2 dissociation occurs. The atomic hydrogen from the highly irradiated daysides of UHJs will transport some of the energy deposited on the dayside toward the nightside of the planet where the H atoms recombine into H2; this mechanism bears similarities to latent heat. Given a fixed wind speed, this will act to increase the heat recirculation efficiency; alternatively, a measured heat recirculation efficiency will require slower wind speeds after accounting for H2 dissociation/recombination.
Archduke Ferdinand’s Musical Parnassus in Graz
Authors: Kokole Metoda 
Published: April 2018

Archduke Ferdinand of Inner Austria was not only the dedicatee of the anthology Parnassus Musicus Ferdinandaeus – in itself a rich document of the future Holy Roman Emperor’s wide-ranging musical connections – but his court in Graz also became – on account of his personal music interests and the opportunities provided by carefully planned family connections – a major hub of the leading musical trends of the first two decades of the seventeenth century. The paper provides an overview of this intricate web forming Ferdinand’s musical “Parnassus” in Graz.