bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of alendronate for treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis
Authors: Wang Ya-Kang , Zhang Yu-min , Qin Si-Qing , Wang Xu , Ma Tao , Guo Jian-Bin , Zhu Chao , Luo Zhuo-Jing 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Background:
Alendronate has been used to prevent or treat glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO), data regarding its efficacy are inconsistent. We conducted the current systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate both efficacy and safety of alendronate in the treatment of GIO.

Methods:
PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Registry, and the China Academic Journal Network Publishing Databases were searched up through March 1, 2018. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving patients which received alendronate treatment were included. Outcome measures were bone mineral density (BMD) changes, bone fractures, and adverse reactions. Data from the individual studies were pooled using random or fixed effect models based on heterogeneity. Effect size was reported as standardized mean differences (SMD) for continuous outcomes and pooled odds ratios (OR) for dichotomous outcomes, with 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results:
Overall, 10 studies involving 1002 patients were included in the present investigation. Alendronate treatment significantly increased BMD of the lumbar spine and femoral neck during 6 to 24 months. These beneficial effects were apparent at 12 months after treatment for the lumbar spine but not the femoral neck BMD. Alendronate treatment did not significantly change fracture risk nor induce significant differences in adverse gastrointestinal effects.

Conclusion:
Alendronate significantly increases BMD of the lumbar spine and femoral neck in patients with GIO, but does not appear to reduce the risk of fractures. As relatively insufficient data regarding the GIO fracture incidence has been reported, more RCTs need to be carried out to determine the efficacy of alendronate in the prevention of GIO fracture.
Complete metabolic response to therapy of hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma evaluated with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/contrast-enhanced computed tomography
Authors: Giancipoli Romina Grazia , Monti Serena , Basturk Olca , Klimstra David , Keohan Mary Louise , Schillaci Orazio , Corrias Giuseppe , Sawan Peter , Mannelli Lorenzo 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Rationale:
Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare malignant vascular tumor of endothelial origin with a highly variable clinical presentation and natural history. Given its vascular origin, new therapies with inhibitors of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) have been introduced in the treatment of these patients and have shown promising results. Few reports have described the role of 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/contrast-enhanced computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) in the evaluation of this tumor after treatment with anti-angiogenic agents. Our case reports how 18F-FDG PET-CT scan was critical in the assessment of this tumor after treatment with an anti-angiogenic agent, Pazopanib, demonstrating complete metabolic response.

Patient concerns:
A 30-year-old man with no previous significant medical history presented with pain in the right upper quadrant for over a year.

Diagnoses:
Multiple hepatic masses were found on abdominal ultrasound. Liver biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. 18F-FDG PET/CT was performed for staging. Multiple FDG-avid hepatic, splenic, and lymph nodes lesions were detected on 18F-FDG PET/CT. A subsequent spleen biopsy confirmed splenic involvement. Immunohistochemistry was positive for CD31, CD34, and ERG, supporting the diagnosis of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma.

Interventions:
A 1-year cyclophosphamide treatment was provided followed by Pazopanib for 17 months.

Outcomes:
Six years after the first 18F-FDG PET/CT, 18F-FDG PET/CT performed for restaging demonstrated complete metabolic response to therapy. Follow-up CT demonstrated no interval changes in size of some of the treated lesions.

Lesson:

18F-FDG PET/CT is useful for baseline assessment and posttreatment follow-up of this rare cancer.
Diagnostic performance of PCA3 and hK2 in combination with serum PSA for prostate cancer
Authors: Mao Zujie , Ji Alin , Yang Kebing , He Wei , Hu Yingfang , Zhang Qi , Zhang Dahong , Xie Liping 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Objectives:
The prostate cancer gene 3 (PCA3), human kallikrein 2, and miRNA-141 are promising prostate cancer (Pca) specific biomarkers. Our aim was to evaluate the detection of PCA3, human glandular kallikrein 2 (hk2), and miRNA-141 mRNA in peripheral blood of patients received prostate biopsy. What's more, we want to detect the value of combination of PSA (prostate specific antigen) in the early diagnosis of PCa.

Materials and methods:
Hundred patients were divided into 2 groups according to the results of pathologic diagnosis. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to evaluate the mRNA of PCA3, hk2, and miRNA-141 in peripheral blood. At the same time, analyze those clinical outcomes used in the patients. We compared these different outcomes to evaluate the value of new molecular markers.

Results:
The level of mRNA of PCA3, hK2, and miR-141 in Pca group were significantly higher than that in BPH. PSA had the highest sensitivity in predicting Pca diagnosis (76.7%); PCA3 had the highest specificity (82.5%). And the combination of PCA3, PSA, and hK2 improved area under the curve (AUC)-receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve largely, especially those with PSA 4-10ng/mL.

Conclusions:
PCA3, hK2, and miRNA-141 were biomarkers of Pca with potential clinical application value, especially in patients with PSA gray area. Combining PCA3, PSA, and hK2 performed better than individual biomarkers alone in predicting Pca.
Change in standardized uptake values in delayed 18F-FDG positron emission tomography images in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Oksuzoglu Kevser , Ones Tunc , Ozguven Salih , Inanir Sabahat , Turoglu Halil Turgut , Bozkurtlar Emine , Celikel Cigdem Ataizi , Erdil Tanju Yusuf 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Delayed 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging has been associated with improved diagnostic yield in several malignancies; however, data on the use of delayed imaging in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is scarce. This study aimed to examine tumoral and background standardized uptake value (SUV) alterations in dual-phase 18F-FDG PET/computed tomography (CT) imaging.
Fifty-two HCC cases underwent dual-time-point 18F-FDG PET/CT examination where early and delayed images were obtained. The maximum and mean SUVs (SUVmax and SUVmean) of the tumor were determined for both time points. Similarly, the average SUVmean were also determined for background (liver, soft tissue, and spleen). Changes in tumoral and background SUV between early and delayed images were examined.
The mean age was 62.0 ± 12.9 years (range, 20–88 years) and the majority of the patients were men (86.5%). Tumor SUVs, both tumor SUVmean and tumor SUVmax, significantly increased at delayed images when compared to early images. In contrast, the average SUVmean for the liver, soft tissue, and spleen significantly decreased at delayed images.
A significant increase in tumor SUV in delayed images in contrast to a significant decrease in background SUVs suggests that delayed images in HCC may contribute to diagnostic performance through a potential increase in the contrast between the tumor and background. However, further studies with larger sample sizes including patients with benign lesions and different grades of the disease are warranted to better elucidate the diagnostic contribution as well as the association of delayed imaging values with prognosis.
Independent factors associated with pneumonia among hospitalized patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Yu Songsong , Fang Qiuhong , Li Yinjuan 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Acute exacerbations (AE) affect the prognosis of hospitalized patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Pneumonia further affects their prognosis and early diagnosis of pneumonia in AECOPD is important to initiate treatments. This study aimed to examine the differences between hospitalized AECOPD patients with and without pneumonia in order to identify risk factors of pneumonia among hospitalized patients with AECOPD.
This was a retrospective case–control study of patients with COPD hospitalized at the respiratory ward of Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, from October 2010 to October 2013. Patients were divided into the pneumonia and nonpneumonia groups based on exudations or opacities on chest computed tomography (CT) at admission. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test and independent 2-sample ANOVA in SPSS 20.0. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors independently associated with pneumonia. P < .05 was considered statistically significant.
A total of 164 patients were included. Smoking history (OR = 2.646, 95%CI 1.153–6.074, P = .022), use of drugs during the stable stage (OR = 0.435, 95%CI 0.216–0.877, P = .020), D-dimer levels (OR = 1.001, 95%CI 1.000–1.002, P = .049), percentage of neutrophils (OR = 0.271, 95%CI 0.078–0.940, P = .040), and magnitude of neutrophils increase (OR = 0.946, 95%CI 0.896–0.999, P = .046) were independently associated with pneumonia in patients with AECOPD. For severe and very severe COPD patients, smoking history (OR = 4.426, 95%CI 1.458–13.435, P = .009), use of drugs during the stable stage (OR = 0.384, 95%CI 0.168–0.877, P = .042), and fever (OR = 0.426, 95%CI 0.187–0.969, P = .023) were independently associated with pneumonia.
Smoking history, use of drugs during the stable stage, and percentage of neutrophils are independently associated with CT-diagnosed pneumonia among hospitalized AECOPD patients.
The predictability of dynamic preload indices depends on the volume of fluid challenge
Authors: Guinot Pierre-Grégoire , Marc Julien , de Broca Bruno , Archange Thomas , Bar Stéphane , Abou-Arab Osama , Dupont Hervé , Fischer Marc-Olivier , Lorne Emmanuel 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This study was designed to assess the association between volume of fluid challenge (FC) and predictability of respiratory variation of stroke volume (ΔrespSV) in the operating theater.
Patients undergoing intermediate/high-risk surgery and monitored by esophageal Doppler monitoring (EDM) were prospectively included. All patients were under general anesthesia and mechanically ventilated. Exclusion criteria were frequent ectopic beats or preoperative arrhythmia, right ventricular failure, and spontaneous breathing. Hemodynamic parameters and esophageal Doppler indices (SV, cardiac output, ΔrespSV) were collected before, after infusion of 250 mL, and after infusion of 500 mL of crystalloid solution. Responders were defined by a >15% increase of stroke volume after FC at each step.
After infusion of a 250 mL FC, 41 patients (32%) were classified as fluid responders (R250). After infusion of a 500 mL FC, 80 patients (63%) were classified as fluid responders (R500). The predictability of ΔrespSV was fair with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.79 (95% CI 0.71–0.86, P < .001) to predict fluid responsiveness with a 250 mL FC. With an AUC of 0.94 (95% CI 0.88–0.97, P < .0001), ΔrespSV presented an excellent ability to predict fluid responsiveness with a 500-mL FC.
Predictability of ΔrespSV changed with the volume of fluid infused to assess fluid responsiveness. The accuracy of ΔrespSV was higher with 500 mL than with 250 mL. Bedside studies evaluating the predictability of dynamic preload indices should define fluid responsiveness as a >15% increase of SV in response to a 500-mL FC.
Liquid biopsy prediction of axillary lymph node metastasis, cancer recurrence, and patient survival in breast cancer
Authors: Lee Ju-Han , Jeong Hoiseon , Choi Jung-Woo , Oh Hwa Eun , Kim Young-Sik 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Background:
Liquid biopsies using circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and cell-free DNA (cfDNA) have been developed for early cancer detection and patient monitoring. To investigate the clinical usefulness of ctDNA aberrations and cfDNA levels in patients with breast cancer (BC), we conducted a meta-analysis of 69 published studies on 5736 patients with BC.

Methods:
The relevant publications were identified by searching PubMed and Embase databases. The effect sizes of outcome parameters were pooled using a random-effects model.

Results:
The ctDNA mutation rates of TP53, PIK3CA, and ESR1 were approximately 38%, 27%, and 32%, respectively. High levels of cfDNA were associated with BCs rather than with healthy controls. However, these detection rates were not satisfactory for BC screening. Although the precise mechanisms have been unknown, high cfDNA levels were significantly associated with axillary lymph node metastasis (odds ratio [OR] = 2.148, P = .030). The ctDNA mutations were significantly associated with cancer recurrence (OR = 3.793, P < .001), short disease-free survival (univariate hazard ratio [HR] = 5.180, P = .026; multivariate HR = 3.605, P = .001), and progression-free survival (HR = 1.311, P = .013) rates, and poor overall survival outcomes (HR = 2.425, P = .007).

Conclusion:
This meta-analysis demonstrates that ctDNA mutation status predicts disease recurrence and unfavorable survival outcomes, while cfDNA levels can be predictive of axillary lymph node metastasis in patients with BC.
Complete response of hepatocellular carcinoma with right atrium and pulmonary metastases treated by combined treatments (a possible treatment effect of natural killer cell)
Authors: Kim Dong Hyun , Cho Eunae , Cho Sung Bum , Choi Sung Kyu , Kim Sunmin , Yu Jieun , Koh Young-Il , Sim Da Woon , Jun Chung Hwan 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Rationale:
Hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) with metastases to the right atrium (RA) and lungs are rare, with a poor prognosis. Furthermore, the treatment outcomes in patients with advanced HCCs remain unsatisfactory.

Patient concerns:
A 46-year-old man presented to our hospital for dyspnea on exertion and abdominal pain.

Diagnoses:
HCC and extra-hepatic metastases to the lung and RA.

Interventions:
Multidisciplinary treatment including radiotherapy (RT), transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), and sorafenib. During a follow-up evaluation computed tomography, he experienced a radio-contrast-induced anaphylaxis. After the event, treatment such as RT, TACE, and sorafenib were continued.

Outcomes:
His tumor burden decreased, finally leading to a complete response as per the modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors. The patient is still alive, 30 months after the episode. Subsequent blood tests showed increased natural killer (NK) cell activity, which was significantly higher than that seen in other age-matched HCC patients with an identical stage of the tumor, receiving sorafenib. This suggests that the increase in NK cells induced by anaphylaxis influenced the tumor burden.

Lessons:
We report here a rare case of long-term survival of an HCC patient with multiple metastases treated with multidisciplinary modalities, in which high NK cell activity was observed after a radio-contrast-induced anaphylactic reaction during follow-up investigations.
Effects of lifestyle on hepatobiliary enzyme abnormalities following the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident
Authors: Takahashi Atsushi , Ohira Tetsuya , Okazaki Kanako , Yasumura Seiji , Sakai Akira , Maeda Masaharu , Yabe Hirooki , Hosoya Mitsuaki , Ohtsuru Akira , Kawasaki Yukihiko , Suzuki Hitoshi , Shimabukuro Michio , Sugiura Yoshihiro , Shishido Hiroaki , Hayashi Yoshimitsu , Nakano Hironori , Kobashi Gen , Kamiya Kenji , Ohira Hiromasa 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Dramatic lifestyle changes due to the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident increased the prevalence of hepatobiliary enzyme abnormalities (HEA). We aimed to evaluate associations of HEA with specific lifestyle- and disaster-related factors in residents who lived near the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant.
This cross-sectional study included 22,246 residents who underwent a Comprehensive Health Check and the Mental Health and Lifestyle Survey from June 2011 to March 2012. Residents were divided into 2 groups based on residential area and housing status after the accident. Associations between HEA and lifestyle- and disaster-related factors, including psychological distress, were estimated using logistic regression analysis adjusted for demographic and lifestyle factors.
HEA was present in 27.3% of subjects. The prevalence of HEA was significantly higher in evacuees than controls (29.5% vs 25.7%, P < .001). There were significant differences in various lifestyle characteristics and the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder between evacuees and controls. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that age, sex, moderate to heavy drinking, and low/no physical activity were significantly associated with HEA regardless of evacuation status. Changes in jobs and unemployment were significantly associated with HEA in controls and evacuees, respectively.
Lifestyle and disaster-related factors, but not psychological distress, were associated with HEA among subjects who lived near the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident.
Effect of acupuncture at 3-points for intelligence on vascular dementia
Authors: Sun Weipeng , Li Minying , Lin Tong , Sun Zhizhong , Xie Yizi , Ji Shuliang , Lin Jietao , Wang Lin , Jia Chao , Zheng Liang , Wu Wei , Xu Danghan 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Background:
Vascular dementia (VD) is a commonly-seen disease in the elderly. What is more, “Acupuncture at 3-points for intelligence” is one of the most important components of “Jin's three-needle therapy” created by Rui Jin, a professor of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, which can be used in the VD patients. In this article, researchers will assess the clinical efficacy and safety of acupuncture at 3-points for intelligence in the treatment of VD.

Methods:
A systematic literature search for articles up to September 2018 will be conducted using 9 databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, CBM, VIP, Wanfang database, OASIS, and CiNii. Inclusion criteria are randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of acupuncture at 3-points for intelligence on treating VD. The primary outcome measures will be scores reflecting the neurological function of participants based on common medical scales. Hemorheology indexes, homocysteine (Hcy), acetylcholine (Ach), nitric oxide (NO), and adverse events will also be assessed. Stata V.13.0 software will be used for data synthesis, sensitivity analysis, meta-regression, subgroup analysis, and risk of bias assessment. A funnel plot will be developed to evaluate reporting bias. Egger and Begg tests will be further performed to conduct quantitative evaluation of publication bias and to evaluate the symmetry of funnel plot. We will use the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system to assess the quality of evidence.

Results:
The results of this systematic review and meta-analysis will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.

Conclusion:
Our study will provide the evidence for the clinical efficacy and safety of acupuncture at 3-points for intelligence in the treatment of VD.
A whole exome sequencing study of a Korean proband with idiopathic basal ganglia calcification and its daughter
Authors: Lee Byung Dae , Kong Ja Young , Kwon Chae Hwa , Park Je Min , Lee Young Min , Moon Eunsoo , Jeong Hee Jeong , Kim Soo Yeon , Lee Kang Yoon , Suh Hwagyu 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Idiopathic basal ganglia calcification (IBGC) is characterized by brain calcification and a wide variety of neurological and psychiatric symptoms. In families displaying an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern, three causative genes have been identified: SLC20A2, PDGFRB, and very recently, PDGFB. While in clinical practice sporadic presentation of IBGC is frequent, well-documented reports of true sporadic occurrences are rare. We report a case of a 61-year-old woman who presented with depressive and dystonic symptoms revealing IBGC. Her 41-year-old daughter was healthy. In the proband, we identified 4 mutations in PDGFB, and 1 exonic mutation in SLC20A2, all of which were absent in the daughter. These mutations may result in a loss-of-function of PDGF-B or SLC20A2, which has been shown to cause IBGC in humans and disrupts the blood-brain barrier in mice resulting in brain calcification. Herein, we present the occurrence of a sporadic patient of IBGC and its causative mutations.
Resting Energy Expenditure in Patients With Familial Dysautonomia
Authors: Bar Aluma Bat‐El , Norcliffe‐Kaufmann Lucy , Sarouk Ifat , Dagan Adi , Ashkenazi Moshe , Bezalel Yael , Vilozni Daphna , Lahad Avishay , Efrati Ori 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTObjectives:Familial dysautonomia (FD) is a rare hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy characterized by chronic lung disease and cyclic vomiting due to hyper‐adrenergic crises. Most FD patients are in a depleted nutritional state; however, the phenotype of the disease is quite different between patients, as for the severity of lung disease and the intensity and frequency of these pathognomonic crises. In this study we wanted to investigate whether resting energy expenditure (REE) levels are increased in this population, and if correlations exist between REE levels and phenotype severity.Methods:Data was collected from 12 FD patients (6/6 m/f). REE measurements were conducted by indirect calorimeter. Measured REE % predicted were correlated with pulmonary function, severity of the scoliosis, serum C‐reactive protein, yearly frequency of hyperadrenergic crisis, hospital admissions and the use of nocturnal noninvasive positive pressure ventilation.Results:Mean REE was 112 ±13% predicted with 50% being in a hypermetabolic state (REE/HB > 110%). Body mass index (BMI) was below normal range in 75% of patients, and reduced energy intake was also decreased in 75%. No significant correlations to disease severity factors were found. When dividing the subjects to REE levels above or below 125% predicted, Patients with REE above 125% predicted presented with significantly lower inspiratory capacity (42.7% predicted vs 62.8% predicted; P = 0.04).Conclusions:Hypermetabolic state was described in 50% of FD patients. The Low BMI is explained by combination of relative anorexia and increased REE. The REE levels are related to the underling respiratory disease.