bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insights From Intensive Stream Monitoring in an Eastern Mediterranean Agricultural Catchment Illuminate Anthropogenic Impact on Water Quality
Authors: Shtull‐Trauring E. , Egozi R. , Ben‐Yona M. , Bernstein N. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTDegraded water quality is one of the well‐documented adverse effect of intensive agriculture on the riverine environment. It can result from nutrient leaching from agricultural fields, stream flow harvesting, irrigation with treated wastewater, full or partial damming, and cultivating the riparian zone. The weight of each cause on the regime water quality is only sometimes apparent. Thus, stream restoration planning requires understanding of the dynamics of water quality, and stakeholders' efforts do not address the right stressors on time. This is further exacerbated in Mediterranean agriculture catchments, which are prone to water scarcity, seasonal rainfall and streamflow variations. We therefore aim to evaluate how monitoring water quality parameters can help direct river restoration projects in Eastern Mediterranean watersheds. The present project focused on water quality dynamics along the main channel of the Nahalal stream and employed high spatiotemporal monitoring of basic water quality parameters: pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and macro‐nutrients in the context of (1) spatial gradients: Channel upstream vs. downstream; (2) seasonality: Base flow vs. flood water flows; and (3) hydraulic constraint: open vs. closed channel sluice gate. The results from the systematic stream grab water sampling, 34 times over two years at 13 locations, revealed increased concentrations at the downstream direction by dry‐wet conditions prior to the date of sampling. Contrary to expectations, higher concentrations of nitrates were found upstream near a spring—a source for base flow, than at the downstream reach, and the opposite trend was found for P concentrations. The results suggest that combined effects of several stressors control stream water quality dynamics: Riparian vegetation dominated by Phragmites australis, soil‐erosion processes, and water resources management. Lack of high spatiotemporal monitoring could result in misinterpretation of the intervention actions needed at the channel and watershed scales and may lead to poor initiation of self‐stream restoration ecology.
Irrigation and Water Management of Tomatoes–A Review
Authors: Somefun Olabisi Tolulope , Masasi Blessing , Adelabu Anuoluwapo Omolola 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTEffective water management practices are essential for maximising tomato yield while mitigating the risks associated with climate change. The need for climate‐smart irrigation management techniques in agriculture has increased to optimise water use efficiency and enhance crop productivity. Irrigation scheduling using precision agriculture technologies like soil moisture sensors is an effective and efficient water management strategy in crop production. This strategy helps growers apply the right amount of water at the right time to meet crop needs, thus reducing water wastage and increasing environmental sustainability. Combining soil moisture sensors and crop simulation models for real‐time irrigation scheduling can enhance water use efficiency while reducing operations, energy costs, and labour in crop production. Therefore, this study provides a comprehensive review of the current efforts to improve irrigation management by integrating precision agriculture technologies such as soil moisture sensors, plant sensors, and crop models for irrigation scheduling in tomato production.
Regression Trees With Fused Leaves
Authors: Su Xiaogang , Liu Lei , Liu Lili , Zhou Ruiwen , Wang Guoqiao , Dusseldorp Elise , Zhou Tianni 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTWe propose a novel regression tree method named “TreeFuL,” an abbreviation for ‘Tree with Fused Leaves.’ TreeFuL innovatively combines recursive partitioning with fused regularization, offering a distinct approach to the conventional pruning method. One of TreeFuL's noteworthy advantages is its capacity for cross‐validated amalgamation of non‐neighboring terminal nodes. This is facilitated by a leaf coloring scheme that supports tree shearing and node amalgamation. As a result, TreeFuL facilitates the development of more parsimonious tree models without compromising predictive accuracy. The refined model offers enhanced interpretability, making it particularly well‐suited for biomedical applications of decision trees, such as disease diagnosis and prognosis. We demonstrate the practical advantages of our proposed method through simulation studies and an analysis of data collected in an obesity study.
Experimental and DFT Studies of Antibiotics Removal Through Activated Carbon: A Step‐by‐Step Adsorption Process at Atomic Level
Authors: Badshah Khan , Ali Qaisar , Khan Adnan Ali , Ahmad Rashid , Ahmad Iftikhar 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this paper, starch‐based porous activated carbon adsorbent (KOH@SAC) is prepared, characterized (by BET, SEM, XRD, FTIR and TGA), and assessed for the removal of broad‐spectrum antibiotics, cefotaxime (CEFO), and ceftriaxone (CEFT), from aqueous solutions. The experimentally measured adsorption capacity of KOH@SAC is 333.76907 ± 6.01983 mg g−1 for CEFO and 262.42692 ± 11.252 mg g−1 for CEFT. The negative change in Gibbs free energy with the increase in temperature and positive change in enthalpy, for both antibiotics, reveal spontaneous, and endothermic nature of adsorption. The experimental data follows Langmuir, DR, Freundlich, and Temkin adsorption isotherms. The reaction follows pseudo‐second‐order kinetics and is controlled by film diffusion and Intraparticle diffusion concurrently. Quantum mechanical, Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations are also carried out to verify the experimental results. These results provide a clear understanding of the step‐by‐step adsorption process at the atomic level. The DFT results revealed that oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen atoms of the CEFO and CEFT are the active sites that lead to its adsorption onto KOH@SAC. The experimental and theoretical results presented in this paper reveal that KOH@SAC is an efficient adsorbent for the removal of hazardous antibiotics from water.
1,2,3‐Triazole‐Based New Aurones as Anticancer Agents with the Capability to Target Extracellular Digestive Enzymes
Authors: Kumar Gourav , Saroha Bhavna , Kumar Suresh , Kumari Bavita , Arya Priyanka , Raghav Neera , Ghosh Sushmita , Nassare Vilas D. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study involves the synthesis of a series of dimethyl substituted novel aurones, featuring 1,2,3‐triazole as an integral structure. All the newly synthesized compounds were thoroughly characterized using various spectroscopic tools and also subjected to computational analysis utilizing the DFT/B3LYP methodology, which involved the determination of frontier molecular orbital energy values and the computation of various quantum chemical parameters. Further their impact on cell viability and cytotoxic activity on the adenocarcinoma gastric cell line (AGS) was investigated using cell‐based MTT assay. Compounds 6d, 6o and 6p displayed significant cytotoxic activity, reducing cell viability to a greater extent with IC50 values of 9.74, 20.09, and 5.92 µM, respectively and even better than the standard chemotherapeutic drug leucovorin (IC50 = 30.8 µM). In addition, all the compounds were also screened for their extracellular enzymatic assay and through in vitro results compound 6n emerged as the efficient inhibitor of amylase (% inhibition = 51.92) and trypsin (% inhibition = 68.36), whereas an activation is observed for lipase (% activation = 269.48). In silico molecular docking was also conducted to assess the interactions between proteins and ligands, revealing the binding patterns of the synthesized compounds and the standard drug with receptor proteins.
Creative‐Becoming Holism: Reflections on and Development of Creative Holism in the Case of Science Education
Authors: Xu Chenjia , Fan Dongping 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTCreative holism has garnered significant scholarly interest in China since its introduction into Chinese academia in the mid‐2000s. Building on and contributing to the ongoing dialogue between ‘East and West’ systems thinking, in this article, we propose ‘Creative‐Becoming Holism’ as an attempt to advance creative holism. Our theoretical construal emphasises the dynamic process of generation and evolution as central to holism, which we consider to be the foundation of systems thinking. We justify this theoretical stance by drawing from the research on the mechanism of emergence in complexity sciences, the preoccupation with creative evolution and processual generation in traditional Chinese thought, and the reflections on the intellectual trajectory of applied systems thinking. We believe the notion of ‘becoming’ offers a fresh perspective on the nature of holism, under which creativity can be seen as a local rule of interactions within the system as a processual, dynamic whole. Moreover, ‘becoming’ also prompts us to move towards a generative view of holism where the whole is granted with ontological and epistemological primacy instead of being construed as a mere collection of system elements. Creative‐Becoming Holism provides a methodological framework for dealing with complex social systems. To highlight its application prowess, we then explore how Creative‐Becoming Holism can address critical challenges in science education, including cultivating Ideas of Big Science Education (STESE), fostering Engineering Habits of Mind and understanding Nature of Science (NOS).
Acid Degradation Study of Dapagliflozin: Structural Characterization of Dapagliflozin and its Degradation Products Using Advanced Analytical Techniques and In Silico Toxicity Prediction
Authors: Bhuma Dastagiri Reddy , Maddala Venkata Kanaka Srivani , Raghupathi Jayaprakash Kanijam , Salakolusu Suresh , Ranga Mahesh , Kaliyapermal Muralidharan , Katari Naresh Kumar 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe research investigates the stress degradation behavior of Dapagliflozin (DAP), a type‐2 diabetic treatment, following International Council for Harmonization Guidelines. It found that DAP is stable in thermal, photolytic, neutral, and alkaline hydrolysis conditions, but significant degradation was detected in acid hydrolysis. Two novel degradation products (DPs) were identified and isolated in acid degradation, providing the first documented structural characterization of all two DPs. The identification of DPs was achieved through the use of ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, semi‐preparative high‐performance liquid chromatography, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for structural characterization. In acid degradation, a total of two primary DPs, degradation products 1 and 2 (DP1 and DP2), were found and separated. It was not previously reported that the two DPs that were generated were all new. This is the first time that these two DPs’ full structural characterizations employing cutting‐edge analytical techniques have been recorded. In the current work, liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy were employed to get a specific confirmation of DP structures. In the further, degrading impurity with lower runtime will also be identified using the current method.
Attitudes and opinions of Brazilian veterinarians towards the assessment and management of acute avian pain
Authors: Justo André Augusto , Pinho Renata Haddad , Garofalo Natache Arouca , Trindade Pedro Henrique Esteves , Luna Stelio Pacca Loureiro , Carregaro Adriano Bonfim , Cortopassi Silvia Renata Gaido 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundVeterinarians' approaches to the management of avian pain have been poorly documented despite the rising number of pet birds seen in clinical settings.MethodsAn online survey was advertised nationwide to recruit Brazilian veterinarians who had treated traumatic and surgical conditions in birds within the previous year. The survey comprised 25 closed or semi‐closed questions divided into four sections (demographics, routinely performed medical procedures and pain recognition, drug choices for analgesia and challenges to pain treatment, and attitudes towards pain relief in birds). Survey results are expressed as a percentage of responses and a chi‐squared test was used to compare proportions.ResultsA total of 370 completed surveys were received. Approximately 72% of respondents worked exclusively in wild/exotic animal practice. Parrots and related species were the most commonly seen birds. The most frequently reported painful conditions were fractures (88.4%), feather plucking (73.0%) and limb amputation (65.1%). Although pain was diagnosed behaviourally by 97.6% of the respondents, 83.5% believed that the presence of an observer inhibited avian pain expression. NSAIDs and opioids, most commonly meloxicam and tramadol, were always provided perioperatively by 66.4% and 42.1% of respondents, respectively. Although nearly all respondents (95.4%) agreed that analgesics improve the quality of recovery after surgery, 80.3% stated that acute pain in birds is frequently undiagnosed in the clinical setting.LimitationsSelection bias could have overestimated the attitudes concerning avian pain in relation to the wider veterinary population.ConclusionPractising veterinarians in Brazil revealed a positive attitude towards avian pain management. However, the lack of validated pain assessment methods makes avian pain relief highly challenging.
Preventing Wrong-Level Spine Surgery
Authors: Agolia James Paul , Robertson Scott , Turel Keki , Kasper Ekkehard M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractImportance: Wrong-level spine surgery (WLSS), a medical error in which a surgeon operates at an unintended vertebral level, is considered a “never event.” However, it continues to be a problem in spine surgery today despite the implementation of preventive measures such as the Universal Protocol. The consequences of this event are severe for both the afflicted patient and the treating physician and may result not only in physical harm but also in costly medicolegal proceedings.Observations: While WLSS incidence varies with the patient population and practice setting, large studies generally report rates below 1%. Given the ubiquity of spine surgery, this remains a concerning number. Risk factors for WLSS can be categorized into three domains: patient factors, imaging issues, and technical issues. Awareness of risk factors allows surgeons to plan for difficulties in level localization. Many techniques for preventing WLSS have been developed, including invasive preoperative marking strategies. Intraoperative radiography or fluoroscopy is necessary but not sufficient for WLSS prevention, in that many errors occur after imaging. The evidence for prevention methods remains of low quality, necessitating future prospective comparison studies.Conclusions and relevance: Consensus has been reached in professional societies: All spine surgeons should implement WLSS prevention protocols. We assess the reported techniques for safer surgery and emphasize one crucial time-out element: the time-out for level localization (TOLL). Addressing WLSS as a problem specific to spine surgery, we show that by using specially tailored prevention strategies, such measures will allow WLSS to become a true never event.
Dysgraphia Following the Resection of a Left Parietal Glioma
Authors: de Almeida Eduardo Robatto Plessim , Santos Lucival Silva , Maldonado Igor Lima 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe report herein the case of a 41-year-old man operated on for a small inferior parietal lobule ganglioglioma with a sleep-awake-sleep protocol and language mapping to avoid major speech disorders. Postoperatively, however, writing disturbance was characterized by persistent graphemic errors that lasted for about 8 months. The topic is discussed in light of recent literature, exploring the possible relationship between writing difficulties and disconnections produced by a combination of resecting supramarginal gyrus components and interrupting arcuate fasciculus fibers. Awake mapping of eloquent structures is typically done using direct brain stimulation to maximize the extent of the resection while minimizing permanent neurological deficits. However, most intraoperative language tests focus on language skills such as oral and reading skills. Therefore, the detection of dysgraphia requires a high degree of attention from the surgical team and direct examination intra-and perioperatively. To this end, employing an intraoperative writing test during awake surgery may be considered. Advances in this field may aid in increasing the accuracy during parenchymal dissections, influencing the extent of the resection, improving the patient’s functional prognosis and long-term quality of life.
Cerebral Venous Infarction After AVM Resection: Pictorial
Authors: Beneš Vladimír 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA case report of a 68-year-old otherwise-healthy female patient with Spetzler-Martin (SM) grade I arteriovenous malformation (AVM) in her left frontal region is presented. After an uneventful surgery, cerebral venous infarction developed, and the patient was rendered hemiparetic with motor aphasia. After bony decompression, slow improvement was seen, and 3 months after surgery, the patient was neurologically intact. Six months after AVM resection, cranioplasty was performed. Infarction was caused by the thrombosis of a long primary draining vein, which finished its course in the normal cortical venous system. The case supports the venous origin of postoperative bleeding after AVM resection instead of the normal perfusion pressure phenomenon.
Venous Compromise/Deep Venous Thrombosis During Parasagittal Meningiomas Resection
Authors: Colli Benedicto Oscar , Carlotti Junior Carlos Gilberto , de Oliveira Ricardo Santos , Gondim Guilherme Gozzoli Podolski 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe are reporting the case of JB, a 28-year-old male who presented to our hospital in 2009. The patient reported a progressive increase in a known mass that had been deforming their head since 2005. He had suffered from a first-time seizure four years later (in 2009). Neurological examination revealed a large tumor protruding in the parietal region, which was confirmed by CT. A subsequent MRI demonstrated a hyperostotic contrast-enhancing parasagittal tumor occluding the middle third of the superior sagittal sinus, with cortical veins joining the sinus adjacent to the tumor.The patient was taken to the OR for a craniotomy and a resection of the tumor with cranioplasty in the same setting. The tumor was exposed by using a straight incision on the scalp. A craniotomy was performed around the tumor by using multiple burr holes; now the bone could be separated from the dura and removed. The intradural tumor was exposed, and a cortical vein draining into the tumor could not be preserved. Some residual tumor was left close to the anterior part of the superior sagittal sinus. The dura was reconstructed with pericranium, and the bony defect was closed with titanium mesh. The patient woke up initially paraplegic, but 7 days later, he started with proximal movements in both legs. Unfortunately, he died suddenly in the second postoperative week, due to pulmonary embolism. The case is reviewed in this manuscript to analyze the contributing factors of the complications that were observed and to suggest management strategies to avoid them.
Blindness After Frontal Craniotomy
Authors: Dubovoy Andrey V. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn our practice at our department, we have encountered two clinical cases involving the complete loss of vision and ophthalmoplegia after craniotomy on the vascular pathology of the brain. Both patients underwent microsurgery via bifrontal skin incision. In the first case, the subfrontal craniotomy on the right side was made, and then microsurgical resection of an arteriovenous malformation of the right frontal lobe was performed. In the second case, a fronto-basal interhemispheric craniotomy was made for aneurysm surgery. This surgery included an intracranial anastomosis in a side-to-side fashion between the A3 segments of both anterior cerebral arteries, and a clip was applied proximal to a fusiform aneurysm located in the A2 segment of the anterior cerebral artery. The intracranial part of the procedure was uneventful. However, upon awakening from anesthesia after surgical treatment, both patients developed bilateral amaurosis and ophthalmoplegia.A thorough morbidity and mortality (M&M) analysis of these cases was performed, including a retrospective analysis of the clinical condition of patients and their ophthalmological status prior to surgery. Video recordings of the surgery and of anesthesia management and its records were carried out. Intraoperative iatrogenic direct damage to the cranial nerves and arteries was excluded.From the data obtained, a putative intraoperative explanation of the decisive causative factor was highlighted: direct pressure on the eyeballs from the retracted skin flap during both surgeries.
The Nightmare of AVM Surgery: Early Rupture of the Venous Drainage—Lessons from Personal Experience and a Review of the Literature
Authors: Florian Ioan Stefan , Florian Ioan Alexandru 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe describe the case of a 72-year-old man who presented with signs of increased intracranial pressure, right-sided motor deficit, and repeated episodes of epilepsy due to a left frontal arteriovenous malformation (AVM) with a large superficial draining vein. Despite great efforts to protect the vein from the start, it ruptured shortly after we removed the bone flap. This required rigorous hemorrhage control, which in turn led to profuse bleeding from the nidus throughout the process of the dissection and coagulation of the arterial feeders. The postoperative course was initially uneventful; however, the patient declined neurologically and became unresponsive on the second day after surgery. Emergent CT revealed a significant hematoma occupying the space where the AVM nidus had been resected. The patient was taken back to the OR for emergency evacuation of the hematoma. Despite these efforts, the neurological status remained poor, and the patient was transferred to a territorial hospital after spending 3 weeks in the ICU.An early rupture of the venous drainage represents a dreaded complication of AVM surgery, which can compromise the intervention before the start of the definite resection. We discuss our experience of and strategy for preventing and managing the intraoperative venous rupture of AVMs by describing our seven rules of “Don’t.” We also provide a brief overview of the relevant literature.