bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can Small Shareholders Protect Their Interests from Expropriation: The Case of a Chinese Bank
Authors: Ezzamel Mahmoud , Xiao Jason Zezhong , Yuan Rongli 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTThis article examines how small shareholders protected their interests from large shareholders’ expropriation by forming an alliance and taking collective action to block a convertible bonds issue by a Chinese bank that they considered harmful. Forming an alliance strengthened small shareholders’ network density, enhanced their salience (power, legitimacy, and urgency), and reduced the bank's centrality. This enabled small shareholders to change their strategy from being a subordinator to a compromiser and forced the controlling shareholders and their representatives to change their strategy from a commander to a compromiser. Apart from interest-based motives, the alliance provided small shareholders with identity-based incentives to persistently oppose expropriation by controlling shareholders. This article enriches the literature on small shareholder activism and principal-principal problem.
Short communication: New data support phylogeographic patterns in a marine parasiteTristriata anatis(Digenea: Notocotylidae)
Authors: Gonchar Anna , Galaktionov Kirill V. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIntraspecific diversity in parasites with heteroxenous life cycles is guided by reproduction mode, host vagility and dispersal, transmission features and many other factors. Studies of these factors in Digenea have highlighted several important patterns. However, little is known about intraspecific variation for digeneans in the marine Arctic ecosystems. Here we analyse an extended dataset of partialcox1andnadh1sequences forTristriata anatis(Notocotylidae) and confirm the preliminary findings on its distribution across Eurasia. Haplotypes are not shared between Europe and the North Pacific, suggesting a lack of current connection between these populations. Periwinkle distribution and anatid migration routes are consistent with such a structure of haplotype network. The North Pacific population appears ancestral, with later expansion ofT. anatisto the North Atlantic. Here the parasite circulates widely, but the direction of haplotype transfer from the north-east to the south-west is more likely than the opposite. In the eastern Barents Sea, the local transmission hotspot is favoured.
To name those lost: assessing extinction likelihood in the Australian vascular flora
Authors: Silcock J.L. , Field A.R. , Walsh N.G. , Fensham R.J. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractExtinction is a profound biological event, yet despite its finality it can be difficult to verify and many frameworks have been proposed to define formally that extinction has occurred. For most taxonomic groups and regions there is no reliable list of species considered to be probably or possibly extinct. The record of plant extinctions in Australia is no exception, characterized by high turn-over within lists, low transparency of attribution and lack of consistency between jurisdictions. This makes it impossible to evaluate how many plant taxa have become extinct in Australia. We present an ecological framework for assessing the likelihood of plant extinctions, based on taxonomic soundness, degree of habitat modification, detectability and search effort, underpinned by the best available expert knowledge. We show that, in sharp contrast to both the fate of the Australian fauna and prevailing assumptions, only 12 of 71 plant taxa currently listed as or assumed to be extinct are considered probably extinct, and a further 21 possibly extinct. Twenty taxa listed as or assumed to be extinct have dubious taxonomy or occurrence in Australia, and the remaining 18 taxa are considered possibly extant and further surveys are required to ascertain their status. The list of probably and possibly extinct plants is dwarfed by the number thought extinct but rediscovered since 1980. Our method can be used for vascular floras in other regions characterized by well-documented and curated floras and high levels of expert knowledge, and provides a transparent platform for assessing changes in the status of biodiversity.
Use of illicit substances and violent behaviour in psychotic disorders: two nationwide case-control studies and meta-analyses
Authors: Lamsma Jelle , Cahn Wiepke , Fazel Seena ,   GROUP and NEDEN investigators
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundSubstance use disorder explains much of the excess risk of violent behaviour in psychotic disorders. However, it is unclear to what extent the pharmacological properties and subthreshold use of illicit substances are associated with violence.MethodsIndividuals with psychotic disorders were recruited for two nationwide projects: GROUP (N= 871) in the Netherlands and NEDEN (N= 921) in the United Kingdom. Substance use and violent behaviour were assessed with standardized instruments and multiple sources of information. First, we used logistic regression models to estimate the associations of daily and nondaily use with violence for cannabis, stimulants, depressants and hallucinogens in the GROUP and NEDEN samples separately. Adjustments were made for age, sex and educational level. We then combined the results in random-effects meta-analyses.ResultsDaily use, compared with nondaily or no use, and nondaily use, compared with no use, increased the pooled odds of violence in people with psychotic disorders for all substance categories. The increases were significant for daily use of cannabis [pooled odds ratio (pOR) 1.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2–2.0), stimulants (pOR 2.8, 95% CI 1.7–4.5) and depressants (pOR 2.2, 95% CI 1.1–4.5), and nondaily use of stimulants (pOR 1.6, 95% CI 1.2–2.0) and hallucinogens (pOR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1–2.1). Daily use of hallucinogens, which could only be analysed in the NEDEN sample, significantly increased the risk of violence (adjusted odds ratio 3.3, 95% CI 1.2–9.3).ConclusionsStrategies to prevent violent behaviour in psychotic disorders should target any substance use.
Profiles of psychosocial and clinical functioning in adolescence and risk for later depression and other outcomes
Authors: Olino Thomas M. , Klein Daniel N. , Seeley John R. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundMost studies examining predictors of the onset of depression focus on variable centered regression methods that focus on the effects of multiple predictors. In contrast, person-centered approaches develop profiles of factors and these profiles can be examined as predictors of onset. Here, we developed profiles of adolescent psychosocial and clinical functioning among adolescents without a history of major depression.MethodsData come from a subsample of participants from the Oregon Adolescent Depression Project who completed self-report measures of functioning in adolescence and completed diagnostic and self-report measures at follow-up assessments up to approximately 15 years after baseline.ResultsWe identified four profiles of psychosocial and clinical functioning: Thriving; Average Functioning; Externalizing Vulnerability and Family Stress and Internalizing Vulnerability at the baseline assessment of participants without a history of depression at the initial assessment in mid-adolescence. Classes differed in the likelihood of onset and course of depressive disorders, experience of later anxiety and substance use disorders, and psychosocial functioning in adulthood. Moreover, the predictive utility of these classes was maintained when controlling for multiple other established risk factors for depressive disorders.ConclusionsThis work highlights the utility of examining multiple factors simultaneously to understand risk for depression.
Home First: Exploring the Impact of Community-based Home Care for Older Adults and Their Family Caregivers
Authors: Compton Roslyn M. , Olirus Owilli Alex , Caine Vera , Berendonk Charlotte , Jouan-Tapp Donna , Sommerfeldt Susan , McPhee D. Jane , Walz Darla 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTGiven the rapidly expanding older adult population, finding health care approaches that support older adults to age in their choice of place, with an accompanying philosophical re-orientation of health services, is becoming more urgent. We studied the Home Care Home First – Quick Response Project to understand how clients over age 75 and their family caregivers perceived the enhanced community-based services delivered through Home First. Using interpretive description as the methodological design, we explored the experiences of eight older adults and 11 family caregivers; all older adults were enrolled in Home First due to a significant change in their health status. We identified four themes: growing older in chosen places with support, philosophy of care, processes of Home First, and the significance of Home First for clients. Overall, clients and family caregivers responded positively to the Home First services. Clients valued their independence and growing older in places they had specifically chosen.
Gender Gaps in Perceptions of Political Science Journals
Authors: Brown Nadia E. , Horiuchi Yusaku , Htun Mala , Samuels David 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTThe gender publication gap puts women at a disadvantage for tenure and promotion, which contributes to the discipline’s leaky pipeline. Several studies published in PS find no evidence of gender bias in the review process and instead suggest that submission pools are distorted by gender. To make a contribution to this important debate, we fielded an original survey to a sample of American Political Science Association members to measure participants’ perceptions of political science journals. Results reveal that the gender submission gap is accompanied by a gender perception gap at some but not all political science journals we study. Women report that they are more likely to submit to and get published in some journals, whereas men report as such with regard to other journals. Importantly, these gaps are observed even among scholars with the same methodological (i.e., quantitative or qualitative) approach.
Does message framing matter for promoting the use of nutritional warnings in decision making?
Authors: Vidal Gabriela , Machín Leandro , Aschemann-Witzel Jessica , Ares Gastón 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjective:To evaluate the impact of message framing on attitudes towards messages aimed at promoting the use of nutritional warnings, behavioural intention and actual behaviour, evaluated through visual attention to nutritional warnings and the choice of a snack product during a real choice task.Design:Following a between-subjects design, participants were exposed to loss-framed nutrition messages, gain-framed nutrition messages or non-nutrition-related messages (control group). After evaluating the messages, participants were asked to select a snack product as a compensation for their participation. The experiment was conducted using an eye tracker.Setting:Montevideo (Uruguay).Participants:Convenience sample of 201 people (18–51 years old, 58 % female).Results:The average percentage of participants who fixated their gaze on the nutritional warnings during the choice task was slightly but significantly higher for participants who attended to nutrition messages (regardless of their framing) compared with the control group. Participants who attended to loss-framed messages fixated their gaze on the warnings for the longest period of time. In addition, the healthfulness of the snack choices was higher for participants exposed to nutrition-related messages compared with the control group.Conclusions:Results from the present work suggest that nutrition messages aimed at increasing awareness of nutritional warnings may increase consumers’ visual attention and encourage more heathful choices. The framing of the messages only had a minor effect on their efficacy.
Understanding the Galaxy
Authors: Eyer L. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis general overview of our understanding of the Galaxy followed the lines of its main structures (halo, disc, bulge/bar) and emphasized some time-domain astronomy contributions. On the one hand the distance and tangential motions of the stars are essential to that understanding, and are obtained through multi-epoch surveys. On the other hand the chemistry of the stars and their radial velocities are also key elements for mapping the Galactic (sub-)structures, and unravelling their history and evolution. Contemporary surveys are revolutionizing our view of the Milky Way and of galaxies in general. Among those, the Gaia mission excels through its precise astrometry of 1.3 billion stars that populate the Milky Way and beyond, providing the first 3-D view of a major part of the Milky Way.
Exploring Data Sonification to Enable, Enhance, and Accelerate the Analysis of Big, Noisy, and Multi-Dimensional Data
Authors: Cooke J. , Díaz-Merced W. , Foran G. , Hannam J. , Garcia B. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe explore the properties of sound and human sound recognition as a means to enhance and accelerate visual-only data analysis methods. The aim of this work is to enable and improve the analysis of large data sets, data requiring rapid analysis, multi-dimensional data, and signal detection in data with low signal-to-noise ratio. We present a prototype tool, StarSound, to sonify data such as astronomical transient light curves, spectra, and power spectra. Stereophonic sound is used to ‘visualise’ and localise the data under examination, and 3-D sound is discussed in conjunction with virtual reality technology, as a means to enhance analysis efficiency and efficacy, including rapid data assessment and training machine learning software. In addition, we explore the use of higher-order harmonics as a means to examine simultaneously multi-dimensional data sets. Such an approach can allow the data to be interpreted in a holistic manner and facilitates the discovery of previously unseen connections and relationships. Furthermore, we exploit the capability of the human brain for selective or focused hearing that enables the identification of desired signals in noisy data, or amidst similar or more significant signals. Finally, we provide research examples that benefit directly from data sonification. The work presented here aims to help tackle the challenges of the upcoming era of Big Data and help optimise, speed up and expand aspects of data analysis requiring human interaction.
Multiwavelength Light-Curve Analysis of Cepheid Variables
Authors: Bhardwaj A. , Kanbur S. M. , Marconi M. , Singh H. P. , Rejkuba M. , Ngeow C-C. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis poster presented results from a detailed analysis of observed and theoretical light-curves of classical Cepheid variables in the Galaxy and the Magellanic Clouds. The theoretical light-curves were based on non-linear convective hydrodynamical pulsation models; the observational data were taken from ongoing wide-field variability surveys. The variation which we found in theoretical and observed light-curve parameters as a function of period, wavelength and metallicity was used to constrain the input physics to the pulsation models, such as the mass–luminosity relations obeyed by Cepheid variables. We also accounted for the variation in the convective efficiency as entered into the stellar pulsation models and its impact on the theoretical amplitudes and Period-Luminosity relations for Cepheid variables.
Detection of Sectoral Modes in the Eclipsing Binary KIC 4851217
Authors: Fedurco M. , Parimucha Š. , Gajdoš P. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractKIC 4851217 is a short period eclipsing binary (P = 2.47 days) in the field of the Kepler K1 mission. As well as variability caused by the eclipses, low-amplitude pulsations are also present in the data. A frequency analysis of the residual light-curve revealed δ Sct pulsations in the frequency range from 15–21 d−1 with amplitudes up to 3.5 mmag. Strong linear coupling (fi = fp + kforb) to orbital frequency was found, indicating tidally locked modes. From an analysis of 5 selected groups of frequencies we identified a radial mode on the secondary component, 3 dipole modes (l = |m| = 1), one of them present on the secondary component, and a quadrupole mode (l = |m| = 2), also located on the secondary component.
Phase-resolved Spectroscopy and Photometry of the Eclipsing Polar UZ Fornacis
Authors: Khangale Z. N. , Potter S. B. , Woudt P. A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe blue continuum of the eclipsing polar UZ For is dominated by single- or double-peaked emission from He ii, He i and the Balmer lines. The red spectrum shows weak emission from the Na i doublet at λ 8183 and 8194 Å and strong emission from the Ca ii lines at λ 8498 and 8542 Å. Doppler tomography of the strongest emission features reveals the presence of emission from the irradiated face of the secondary star, the threading region, and the ballistic and magnetically confined accretion stream. We have obtained 28 new eclipse times of UZ For during 2011–2016 as part of our eclipse timing follow-up programme to test the two-planet model proposed to explain variations in the eclipse times of UZ For.
The All-Sky Automated Search for Supernovæ Going Global
Authors: Stritzinger M. ,   the ASAS-SN Team
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe All-Sky Automated-Survey for SuperNovæ (ASAS-SN) is a fully automated transient search programme that is currently observing the entire night sky every second night to a depth of about 18th magnitude. Since becoming on-line in mid-2014, ASAS-SN has discovered over half of all bright supernovæ, and along the way has also discovered numerous tidal disruption events, cataclysmic variables, stellar flares and even a comet! ASAS-SN currently has two units deployed between Chile and Hawaii, and an additional three units were slated to come on-line by the end of 2017 at observatories in South Africa, Chile and Texas. The poster provided a brief summary of ASAS-SNs accomplishments, and discussed future prospects based on its global expansion.
Design, Build and Test of the VOEvent Network for the SVOM Chinese Ground Segment
Authors: Zhang M. , Huang M. , Wu C. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe Space-based, multi-band, astronomical Variable Object Monitor (SVOM) is a collaborative project between China and France dedicated to the detection, localisation and study of about 60 Gamma Ray Bursts per year, and other high-energy transient phenomena. SVOM is planned to be launched in 2021, with a lifetime of 3–5 years. The poster described our construction and testing of a prototype to set up an interface between our data reduction sub-system, the global VOEvent network, and the French science centre.
Geodetic Observations of Time‐Variable Glacial Isostatic Adjustment in Southeast Alaska and Its Implications for Earth Rheology
Authors: Hu Yan , Freymueller Jeffrey T. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractGlobal Positioning System observations in Southeast Alaska show evidence for interannual variations in uplift rates, which are consistent with an acceleration of mass loss rates across the region from the 1990s to 2012. We constructed an updated regional loading model based on updated twentieth century average deglaciation estimates. This model features a larger mass loss rate overall than the model used in previous studies. We adopted a viscosity model with an upper and lower mantle viscosity from VM5a but with a low viscosity asthenosphere as in previous regional studies. We varied the asthenospheric thickness, asthenospheric viscosity, and lithospheric thickness to find the Earth model that best fits the data, which has a lithospheric thickness of 55 km and an asthenosphere with thickness 230 km and viscosity 3 × 1019 Pa s. There is a strong tradeoff between the asthenosphere thickness and viscosity, and different estimates or assumptions about the asthenospheric thickness is one of the main causes of the varying viscosity estimates of previous studies. We find a higher viscosity than previous studies in part because we find that a thicker asthenosphere fits the data better than a thinner one and also because the higher twentieth century mass loss rate compared to earlier studies requires a higher viscosity to predict the same uplift rates. Vertical velocities predicted by the model drop rapidly with distance from the ice masses, while horizontal velocities are smaller but extend for a longer distance.
Influence of CO2 on the Electrical Conductivity and Streaming Potential of Carbonate Rocks
Authors: Cherubini A. , Garcia B. , Cerepi A. , Revil A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMinimally intrusive geophysical methods are required to monitor CO2 leakages from underground storage reservoirs. We investigate the impact of gaseous CO2 on both electrical conductivity and electrokinetic properties of two limestones during their drainage. These data are contrasted with measurements performed on one clay‐free sandstone. The initial NaCl brine concentrations before drainage (from 8.5 to 17.1 mMol/L) correspond to the limit between freshwater and slightly brackish water. These values are representative to saturated brine formations inside which CO2 can be stored. Using these water salinities, the surface conductivity of the samples represents less than 5% of the overall electrical conductivity. A CO2 release leads to an increase of the electrical conductivity of the rock during drainage in limestones and no change in sandstone. This increase in the electrical conductivity is due to the dissolution of calcite with the concomitant release of Ca2+ and HCO3− in the pore water. It is not due to the CO2 dissociation in the pore water in the pore pressure range 0–0.5 MPa and at a temperature of T = 20 °C. The measurements of the streaming potential show a substantial decrease of the streaming potential coupling coefficient and zeta potential magnitudes after a CO2 release in carbonates. This observation is explained by the increase of the ionic strength of the pore water in the course of the experiment. This change can be used, in turn, to determine calcite dissolution rates from the measurement of the electrokinetic properties.
Tracking the Growth of the Himalayan Fold‐and‐Thrust Belt From Lower Miocene Foreland Basin Strata: Dumri Formation, Western Nepal
Authors: Stickroth S. F. , Carrapa B. , DeCelles P. G. , Gehrels G. E. , Thomson S. N. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractNew data from the lower Miocene Dumri Formation of western Nepal document exhumation of the Himalayan fold‐thrust belt and provenance of the Neogene foreland basin system. We employ U‐Pb zircon, Th‐Pb monazite, 40Ar/39Ar white mica, and zircon fission track chronometers to detrital minerals to constrain provenance, timing, and rate of exhumation of Himalayan source regions. Clusters of Proterozoic–early Paleozoic (900–400 Ma) Th‐Pb monazite and 40Ar/39Ar white mica detrital ages provide evidence for erosion of a Greater Himalayan sequence protolith unaffected by high‐grade Eohimalayan metamorphism. A small population of ~40 Ma cooling ages in detrital white mica grains shows exhumation of low‐grade metamorphic Tethyan Himalayan sequence through the ~350 °C closure temperature along the Tethyan Frontal thrust (proto‐South Tibetan detachment) during the late Eocene. Dumri Formation detritus shows a ~12 Myr time difference between cooling of its source rocks through the ~350 and ~240 °C closure temperatures as recorded by ~40–38 Ma youngest peak cooling ages in 40Ar/39Ar detrital white mica and ~28–24 Ma youngest populations in detrital zircon fission track. Exhumation between circa 40 and 28 Ma is consistent with slip and exhumation along the Main Central Thrust. Combined with similar data from northwestern India, our study suggests west‐to‐east spatially variable exhumation rates along strike of the Main Central Thrust. Our data also show an increase in exhumation during middle Miocene–Pliocene time, which is consistent with growth of the Lesser Himalaya duplex.