bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is the Hyperdensity Areas of the CT Blend Sign Associated with the Fresh Bleeding in Intracerebral Hemorrhage?
Authors: Wu Qian , Che Wei , Chen Na , Wang Long , Ren Siying , Ye Fei , Zhao Xu , Wu Guofeng , Wang Likun 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Controversies still exist regarding the mechanism formation of the blend sign, defined as hypodensity and hyperdensity regions, in Intracerebral
Hemorrhage (ICH), and which region associated with bleeding remains unknown. Spot sign is an independent predictor of hematoma expansion
(HE) and indicates persistent bleeding focus in the hematoma. Here, we sought to establish the relationship between the spot sign and the blend
sign to gain insights into the formation of the blend sign.

Methods:
Patients were categorized based on the spot sign location within the blend sign in patients with ICH from 2018 to 2023. subjects with a spot sign in
the hypodensity region of the blend sign (hypo-spot sign group); subjects with a spot sign in the hyperdensity region of the blend sign (hyper-spot
sign group). Subsequently, patients were stratified into two groups based on the presence or absence of HE. Also, we analyzed the relationship
between the spot sign and the blend sign, as well as the association between the blend sign and HE.

Results:
A total of 205 patients were included, including 190 patients (92.7%) who had the spot sign in the hyper-spot sign and 15 patients (7.3%) who had
the spot sign in the hypo-spot sign. HE was observed in 60 patients (29.3%), 59 (98.3%) of whom had the spot sign detected in the hyper-spot sign,
while only one (1.7%) had the spot sign in the hypo-spot sign. Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the hyper-spot sign group
(6.305, 1.810–49.072; P < 0.05) was an independent predictor of HE.

Conclusion:
The hyperdensity area of the blend sign may represent fresh bleeding in ICH rather than the hypodensity area.
Artificial Neural Network Models for Predicting the Early Cracking Risk in Massive Monolithic Foundation Slabs
Authors: Chepurnenko Anton , Turina Vasilina , Akopyan Vladimir 
Published: November 2024

Background
The problem of early cracking at the construction stage caused by the heat release of concrete and uneven heating is relevant for thick foundation slabs. The aim of this work is to develop models of artificial neural networks for predicting the level of temperature stresses that arise during the construction of massive monolithic foundation slabs.

Methods
Two models of artificial neural networks (ANN) for predicting the risk of early cracking during the construction of foundation slabs are proposed in this article. The first model predicts the maximum tensile stress level (the ratio of tensile stress to the current tensile strength) for the slab made from slow-hardening concrete. The second model does the same for quick-hardening concrete. The ANN models are implemented in the Neural Network Toolbox package of the MATLAB environment. The architecture of the models is a feed-forward neural network with two hidden layers. The input parameters of the models are the thickness of the foundation slab, the average ambient temperature, the heat transfer coefficient on the upper surface, the grade of concrete by compressive strength, and the thermophysical characteristics of the soil base. The models are trained on synthetic data obtained by 759,375 numerical experiments with varying input parameters.

Results
The theoretical model underlying the formation of the synthetic training dataset is preliminarily tested on experimental data. Trained models allow predicting the risk of early cracking for foundation slabs with a thickness of 0.7 to 3 m for all possible values of the heat transfer coefficient on the upper surface, ambient temperatures from +5 °C to +35 °C, concrete grade from B25 to B45 according to Russian standards. The developed ANNs are characterized by high forecasting quality in terms of the mean square error and the correlation coefficient between target and predicted values. The article also assesses the significance of input parameters using the trained neural networks.

Conclusion
An analysis using artificial intelligence showed that the most significant parameter influencing the risk of early cracking is the thickness of the foundation slab. Other significant parameters include ambient temperature, the heat transfer coefficient on the upper surface, and the concrete grade by compressive strength. The thermal properties of the soil base do not have a significant effect on the stress level.
Evaluating the Anti-inflammatory Efficacy of a Novel Bipyrazole Derivative in Alleviating Symptoms of Experimental Colitis
Authors: Bseiso Yousra , Gammoh Omar , Alqudah Mohammad , Altaber Sara , Qnais Esam , Wedyan Mohammed , Alqudah Abdelrahim , Alotaibi Badriyah S. 
Published: November 2024

Aims:
This aims to assess the efficacy of 2', 3, 3, 5'-Tetramethyl-4'-nitro-2'H-1, 3'-bipyrazole (TMNB), a novel compound, in colitis treatment.

Background:
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract with limited effective treatments available. The
exploration of new therapeutic agents is critical for advancing treatment options.

Objective:
To assess the effect of TMNB in alleviating symptoms of experimental colitis in mice and to compare its effectiveness with that of sulfasalazine, a
standard treatment.

Methods:
Experimental colitis was induced in mice, which were subsequently treated with TMNB at dosages of 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg. The outcomes were
evaluated based on colitis symptoms, Colon damage, Disease Activity Index (DAI) scores, and inflammation markers, including nitric oxide (NO)
and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels. Additional assessments included spleen cell proliferation, pro-inflammatory cytokine production (TNF-α,
IL-6, IL-1β), and inflammatory genes expression (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, COX2, and iNOS).

Results:
TMNB treatment significantly alleviated colitis symptoms (100 and 150 mg/kg). These higher doses notably reduced colonic damage,
inflammation, hyperemia, edema, and ulceration (p<0.01). The treatment also effectively decreased Disease Activity Index (DAI) scores,
demonstrating a marked improvement in clinical signs of colitis (100 mg/kg, p<0.05; 150 mg/kg, p<0.01). Additionally, TMNB substantially
lowered myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels, indicating reduced neutrophil activity and inflammation (100 mg/kg, p<0.05; 150 mg/kg, p<0.01), and
nitric oxide (NO) levels, suggesting diminished oxidative stress (100 mg/kg, p<0.05; 150 mg/kg, p<0.01). The treatment also led to a significant
reduction in spleen cell proliferation (100 mg/kg, p<0.05; 150 mg/kg, p<0.01) and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, with TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6
all showing decreases comparable to those observed with sulfasalazine (p<0.01). Moreover, TMNB effectively downregulated IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α,
COX2, and iNOS (p<0.01), affirming its broad-spectrum anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects.

Conclusion:
TMNB exhibits potent anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities, suggesting that TMNB could be a new therapeutic agent for managing
inflammatory bowel disease. This study supports the need for further clinical trials to explore TMNB's efficacy and safety in human subjects.
Gamified Digital Mental Health Interventions for Young People: Scoping Review of Ethical Aspects During Development and Implementation
Authors: Spahl Wanda , Motta Valeria , Woodcock Kate , Rubeis Giovanni 
Published: November 2024

Background
Young people are particularly at risk of developing mental health problems, a challenge exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Digital tools such as apps and chatbots show promise in providing accessible, cost-effective, and less stigmatized ways of strengthening their mental health. However, while these interventions offer benefits, they extend mental health measures beyond traditional therapeutic settings and relationships, which raises ethical concerns due to the absence of established guidelines and regulations. This is particularly notable for technologies incorporating serious gaming elements. In addition, adolescents are in a sensitive and at times vulnerable phase, which shows great potential for the effective use of preventive and sensitizing mental health measures. Considering the lack of an integration into existing mental health structures among many young users, ethical considerations become crucial.

Objective
This scoping review aims to build a knowledge base on the ethical aspects of developing and implementing gamified digital mental health interventions for young people.

Methods
We conducted a search on research articles and conference papers from 2015 to 2023 in English, German, and Spanish. We identified 1815 studies using a unique combination of keywords in the databases Scopus, Web of Science, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO. After removing duplicates (741/1816, 40.8%), we included a total of 38 publications in this review following a double screening process.

Results
This review found that ethically relevant aspects were discussed with regard to (1) research ethics, (2) ethical principles (including privacy, accessibility, empowerment and autonomy, cultural and social sensitivity, and co-design), (3) vulnerable groups, and (4) social implications (including implementation using facilitators in specific social contexts, relationship with other therapeutic options, economic aspects, and social embeddedness of technologies).

Conclusions
This scoping review identified a prevailing limited interpretation of “ethics” as research ethics across the included publications. It also shows a lack of discussion on the social embeddedness of technologies and that co-design is frequently viewed in instrumental terms and vulnerability is mostly addressed pragmatically. Through providing concrete examples of how mental health researchers and game designers thus far have addressed and mitigated ethical challenges in specific interventions, this review illustrates how ethical issues do or do not prompt diverse reflections, mitigation strategies, and actions. It advocates for ethics to be integrated as an ongoing practice throughout all stages of developing and implementing serious game elements in mental health interventions for young people.
ZEB1 as a marker of metastasis in thyroid carcinomas: review of literature and own data
Authors: Zinych P.P. , Pushkarev V.M. , Levchuk N.I. , Tronko M. 
Published: November 2024

Metastases are the leading cause of death from malignant tumors. The metastatic process involves the exit of cancer cells from the primary tumor into the blood or other transport system, colonization and proliferation in a distant organ. The key process of the metastatic cascade is the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which consists in the transformation of epithelial cells into mesenchymal, capable for migration. At the same time, epithelial markers (E-cadherin) are replaced by mesenchymal ones (N-cadherin, vimentin, fibronectin). In malignant tumors, EMT is initiated by different signaling pathways through the regulation of transcription factors (EMT-TFs) and miRNAs. Downregulation of E-cadherin expression is induced by transforming growth factor β, epidermal growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, and interleukin-6. Growth factors activate intracellular signaling pathways, which in turn induce several repressors of E-cadherin gene transcription, such as Snail, Slug, zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1), ZEB2, Twist, TBX-2, and SIX. ZEB1 is the main EMT-TF of the ZEB family and is associated with cellular plasticity, dissemination, and the switch from a dormant to proliferative phenotype at distant metastatic sites and is a determinant of poorer clinical prognosis in most human cancers. ZEB1 is at the forefront of transcription factors involved in the EMT control and promotes tumor cell migration and diffusion, cell stemness, resistance to treatment, metastasizing and evasion of the immune response. Since ZEB1 is a key regulator of EMT, metastasizing is associated with cancer stem cell formation and resistance to therapy in many cancers, including papillary thyroid carcinoma. It may be an important marker of tumor invasiveness. Preoperative examination of its level in blood cells and plasma in thyroid carcinomas can help in determining the extent of surgical intervention and subsequent radioiodine therapy.
Evaluation of a Clinical Acceptability of Deep Learning-Based Autocontouring: An Example of The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Prostate Radiotherapy
Authors: Serap ÇATLI DİNÇ  , AKMANSU Müge , BORA Hüseyin , ÜÇGÜL Aybala , ÇETİN Bekir Eren , ERPOLAT Petek , KARAHACIOĞLU Eray , ŞENTÜRK Ertuğrul 
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the usability and benefit of a new generation of auto segmentation, that automatically identifies organs and auto-contours them directly at CT simulator before creating prostate radiotherapy plans. The prostates of 10 patients were automatically contoured using the DirectORGANS auto-segmentation algorithm at the CT simulator. The CT scans were imported into the Eclipse treatment planning system for contouring. On the same CT image sets, the prostate was manually contoured by a group of five experienced physicians. MR-guided prostate contours were delineated using MRI images and used as a reference structure. The volumes of the prostate were measured, and the Overlap index (OI), Dice similarity index (DSC), and Volume difference (Dv) were calculated based on contours. The Kruskal-Wallis H test was performed with SPSS (P<0.05). MR-based contouring was used as a reference, and the OI, DSC, Dv, and contouring time results of users and artificial intelligence were analyzed accordingly. There was a significant difference in OI, DSC, and Dv between the results of users and artificial intelligence. The most significant difference between users, artificial intelligence, and MR-based contouring was contouring time (p <0.001). MR- based contouring was time-consuming. Artificial Intelligence’s automatic contouring of the prostate required minimal modification.
Selected factors influencing the behavior of horses outside the stable during different seasons
Authors: Jastrzębska Ewa , Pawłowska Aleksandra 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Horse behavior is highly diverse and influenced by multiple factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of selected factors on the frequency of social and comfort behavior in horses residing in a sandy paddock and pasture during different seasons. The study included a herd of 20 horses – 14 geldings and six mares. The youngest was three years old, the oldest was 21 years old, and the rest of the horses were in the 4 to 19 age range. The research involved observing the behavior of horses outside the stable, on the pasture and in a sandy paddock during four seasons. An ethogram was created to document specific social and comfort behavior. Weather conditions data for each day were collected using an anemometer. Statistically significant differences were observed in the occurrence of specific behavior between mares and geldings. The age of the horses did not affect the occurrence of specific behavior. Statistically significant correlations were found between weather conditions during the four seasons and the occurrence of social and comfort behavior. The research demonstrated that gender and weather conditions influence the occurrence of social and comfort behavior in horses.
Knowledge about Disease and Health Behaviours in Elderly Stroke Survivors as a Context of Occupational Therapy Implementations
Authors: Okrasa Julia , Guszkowska Monika 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Knowledge the risk factors and symptoms of strokes is important in the context of a quick response to first signals and secondary prevention, and health education is one of the tasks of the neurological occupational therapist. To carry out this task, the therapist needs information about patients’ health behaviours and knowledge about the disease. This study aimed to determine: 1. elderly patients’ knowledge about strokes and the channels of knowledge transmission; 2. differences between their pre- and post-stroke health behaviours; 3. differences in knowledge and health behaviours depending on the respondent’s gender, age and education.
The study involved 34 patients of a neurological rehabilitation centre, aged 60–85, with a stroke diagnosis within the last six months. The data were collected during a face-to-face questionnaire interview constructed for the purpose of the study.
Preventive campaigns reach risk groups to a limited extent and the level of respondents’ knowledge about stroke symptoms and risk factors was considered unsatisfactory. According to the respondents, the most effective channel of communication is television, and the most reliable sources of knowledge are doctors and other healthcare workers. Relationships were found between knowledge about strokes and age, gender, education and health behaviours before the stroke.
It is necessary to educate patients about the symptoms and risk factors of strokes. Communication channels should be better profiled in terms of the capabilities of people at risk of stroke. For planned health behaviour change to be effective, patients need education, advice and support from an occupational therapist and other health professionals.
Late intervention for type II endoleak is not determined by early sac diameter or volume changes after EVAR
Authors: Sneyers Bernard , Verbraeken Viktor , Laenen Annouschka , Coudyzer Walter , Mufty Hozan , Houthoofd Sabrina , Fourneau Inge , Maleux Geert 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
To compare the diagnostic accuracy and predictive value of aneurysm sac volume measurement versus maximum diameter measurement of abdominal aortic aneurysm sac after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) in patients with type II endoleak.

Patients and methods
Retrospective study on a cohort of 103 patients who presented with a type II endoleak after EVAR for infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm. Maximum diameter and volumetric measurements were calculated on computed tomography follow-up scans at 3 months and 1 year after index surgery. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to determine linear association between diameter and volume; Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare patients with and without later intervention for type II endoleak with regard to diameter and volume change.

Results
The correlation between diameter and volume measurement was high (Rho: 0.890–0.980 with P < 0.0001). In 38 out of 103 patients (37%) with type II endoleak, a later intervention for endoleak management was performed; early diameter (P = 0.097), or volume (P = 0.387) change could not predict risk for later intervention.

Conclusions
Both diameter and volume measurements can be used in the imaging follow-up of patients with endoleak type II after EVAR; however early changes in diameter or volume of the aneurysm sac cannot predict late intervention for type II endoleak.
Impact of right-sided breast cancer adjuvant radiotherapy on the liver
Authors: Hanedan Uslu Gonca , Taşçı Filiz 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
In patients with right-sided breast cancer the liver can be partially irradiated during adjuvant radiotherapy (RT). We aimed to determine breast cancer RT effects on liver using with magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) and biological results.

Patients and methods
This retrospective study enrolled 34 patients diagnosed with right-sided breast cancer who underwent adjuvant RT. Liver segment assessments were conducted using MRE for all participants. Additionally, a complete blood count and liver enzyme analysis were performed for each patient. All measurements were taken both prior to the initiation and upon completion of RT.

Results
A statistically significant difference was found in ALT (p = 0.015), ALP (p = 0.026), total protein (p = 0.037), and albumin (p = 0.004) levels before and after RT. The highest mean liver stiffness (kPa) value was recorded in segment 8, while the lowest was observed in segment 6. A weak but statistically significant positive correlation was found between segment 5 stiffness and liver volume (p = 0.039). Additionally, a statistically significant positive correlation was detected between ALP levels and the stiffness values in segment 4A (p = 0.020) and segment 6 (p = 0.003). Conversely, a weak negative correlation was observed between the stiffness values in segment 8 and post-RT total protein levels (p = 0.031).

Conclusions
MRE can help us identify the level of fibrotic stiffness in the liver segments within the RT area without establishing clinical symptoms. MRE can support the clinician in evaluating the liver functions of right breast cancer patients who underwent RT. We assume these results will facilitate new studies with a large number of patients on MRE imaging at certain intervals in the follow-up of patients with right breast cancer who received RT before the development of radiation-induced liver disease (RILD).
Pengenalan Bahasa Bali melalui Media Gending Rare Pada anak Usia Dini di TK Hainan School
Authors: Anggreni Ni Wayan Suci 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRAK

Bahasa Bali memiliki peran yang amat penting dalam kehidupan dan peradaban masyarakat Bali serta memiliki peran sentral dalam pengembangan intelektual, sosial dan emosional peserta didik. Sebagai salah satu keunggulan lokal di Bali, pembelajaran Bahasa Bali diharapkan dapat membantu peserta didik untuk lebih mengenal, mencintai dan ikut melestarikan keunggulan lokal Bali. Pengenalan Bahasa Bali perlu diintesifkan. Gending rare bukan hanya mengenalkan anak usia dini berbahasa Bali tetapi salah satu untuk membentuk karakter seperti nilai positif dan pesan moral. Pengenalan Bahasa Bali tidak hanya peran dari orang tua dirumah saja tetapi bisa dilakukan di sekolah anak usia dini. Rangsangan yang bisa dilakukan di anak usia dini hampir sama dilakukan orang tua dalam memperkenalkan Bahasa Bali seperti menggunakan media gending rare.
Berdasarkan latar belakang di atas, maka dapat ditemukan beberapa permasalahan. (1) strategi pengenalan Bahasa Bali melalui media gending rare pada anak usia dini di TK Hainan School. (2) faktor-faktor penghambat pengenalan Bahasa Bali melalui media gending rare pada anak usia dini di TK Hainan School (3) peranan pengenalan Bahasa Bali melalui media gending rare pada anak usia dini TK Hainan School. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif karena tidak menggunakan data statistik ataupun angka-angka secara mengkhusus. Teori pendukung yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori perkembangan anak usia dini dan teori perkembangan Bahasa. Objek penelitian ini terfokus pada kedudukan dan fungsi media gending rare sebagai pengenalkan Bahasa Bali pada anak usia dini. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah pengenalan Bahasa Bali melalui gending rare pada anak usia dini di TK Hainan School yang diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara, studi kepustakaan dan dokumentasi. Informan dilakukan secara snowball sampling.
Hasil penelitian diketahui; (1) Strategi pembelajaran yang digunakan dalam pembelajar pengenalan Bahasa Bali melalui media gending rare pada anak usia dini di TK Hainan School adalah metode audiovisual, metode media gambar, metode gending rare (gerak dan lagu), dan metode permainan tradisional. (2) faktor penghambat yang mempengaruhi pengenalan Bahasa Bali pada media gending rare pada anak usia dini adalah lingkungan keluarga, perangkat pembelajaran, lingkungan sekitar, serta perubahan budaya dan pandangan dari masyarakat. (3) peranan pengenalan Bahasa Bali melalui media gending rare pada anak usia dini di TK Hainan School adalah pelestarian budaya, pembentukan karakter, dan pelestarian Bahasa ibu. Dalam hal ini maka pengenalan Bahasa Bali melalui media gending rare pada anak usia dini memiliki peran sangat penting untuk melestarikan budaya dan Bahasa daerah Bali.