bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synergistic effects of scalp acupuncture and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on cerebral infarction: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kim Jae-Hong , Han Jae-Young , Song Min-Keun , Park Gwang-Cheon , Lee Jeong-Soon 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Presently, there is a need for stroke treatment strategies that combine multiple disciplines, such as neurology, rehabilitation medicine, and traditional medicine. This study investigated the synergistic effects of scalp acupuncture (SA) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) known to be effective for cerebral infarction. Methods This outcome assessor-blinded randomized controlled clinical trial included a per-protocol analysis to compare the efficacy of SA and electromagnetic convergence stimulation (SAEM-CS), which comprises the simultaneous application of low-frequency rTMS, SA, rTMS, and conventional stroke rehabilitation therapy (CSRT) for cerebral infarction patients. The trial was completed by 42 cerebral infarction patients (control group, 12; SA group, 11; rTMS group, 8; SAEM-CS group, 11). All patient groups underwent two sessions of CSRT per day. SA, rTMS, and SAEM-CS were conducted once per day, 5 days per week, for 3 weeks. The primary outcome (motor function recovery) was evaluated using the Fugl‐Mayer assessment (FMA). Other scales were used to assess cognitive function, activities of daily living, walking, quality of life, and stroke severity, which were secondary outcomes. Results There were significant changes (week 7–week 0) between groups in the FMA upper extremity (FMAUE), FMA total (FMAT), modified Barthel index (MBI), and functional independent measurement (FIM) scores. There were no significant changes in the scores of other outcome measures. FMAUE (p=0.015), FMAT (p=0.023), MBI (p=0.002), and FIM (p<0.001) scores significantly increased in the rTMS group compared with the control group and FMAUE (p=0.016), FMAT (p=0.012), MBI (p=0.026), and FIM (p=0.012) scores significantly increased in the rTMS group compared with the SAEM-CS group. However, there were no significant changes in the SA or SAEM-CS group. Conclusions Low-frequency rTMS in the contralesional hemisphere had long-term therapeutic effects on upper extremity motor function recovery and on improvements in activities of daily living. SAEM-CS had no positive synergistic effects of SA and rTMS on motor function recovery, cognitive function, activities of daily living, walking, quality of life, and stroke severity. Trial Registration URL: cris.nih.go.kr. Unique identifier: KCT0001768, retrospectively registered (registration date: January 14, 2016).
Effectiveness of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccination against Invasive Pneumococcal Disease among children with and those without HIV infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Vardanjani Hossein Molavi , Borna Hodjat , Ahmadi Ali 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: HIV-infected children are at a higher risk of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease (IPD) and its mortality, even in the era of antiretroviral therapy. Therefore, an effective vaccination strategy would be beneficial. To investigate the effectiveness of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccination (PCV) against IPD among HIV-Infected and HIV-Uninfected Children through a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Methods: Observational studies and randomized trials on 7 years old or older children were searched in the Cochrane Library, Web of Science core collection, Embase, Medline/PubMed, and Google Scholar. Critical appraisal was done using the Cochrane risk of bias tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment form. Effectiveness and efficacy of at least one dose of PCV was investigated among children with and without HIV considering subgroups of pneumococcal serotypes. We meta-analyzed the effect sizes using random-effects modeling.
Results: Efficacy of PCV was estimated as 45.0% (31.2, 56.1) and 52.6% (25.7, 69.8) among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected children, respectively. Effectiveness of PCV among HIV-infected children as -6.2% (-67.6, 32.7) was significantly lower than HIV-uninfected children 65.1% (47.3, 76.9). Effectiveness of PCV among HIV-infected children for IPDs caused by vaccine serotypes was estimated as 7.7(-66.7, 48.9), and for IPDs caused by non-vaccine serotypes was estimated as -402.8(-1856, -29.2).
Conclusion: Unlike the evidence on the efficacy of PCV against IPD among both of HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected children, its effectiveness against IPD among HIV-infected children is much less limited.

Review Registration

The study protocol was registered at PROSPERO (registration ID: CRD42018108187).
Endogenous respiration process analysis between aMBR and UV/O3-aMBR for polluted surface water treatment
Authors: Li Lu , Song Kang , Visvanathan Chettiyappan 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The microbial endogenous respiration process is very important in biological water treatment processes. This study analyzed and compared the endogenous respiration process in an attached growth membrane bioreactor (aMBR) system and a UV/O3 integrated aMBR system (UV/O3-aMBR) in treating polluted surface water with CODMn around 10 mg/L. The endogenous respiration activity of heterotrophic microbes and autotrophic nitrifiers activity in both systems was analyzed and compared. Results show that heterotrophic bacteria and autotrophic nitrifiers enter endogenous respiration at 6 h aeration in an aMBR and 0 h in a UV/O3-aMBR system. Biomass amount on PVA-gel in aMBR was higher than in UV/O3-aMBR in terms of specific respiration rates SOURt, SOURH, and SOURA. Substrate remained on PVA-gel in the aMBR system, but no substrate remained on PVA-gel in the UV/O3-aMBR system. Higher species of microbes, including recoverable and irrecoverable components, existed in the aMBR system as compared to the UV/O3-aMBR system. The UV/O3-aMBR system could make full use of the advanced oxidation process (AOP) and biological process, leading to a higher treatment performance, and has the potential to mitigate total energy demand. Thus, the UV/O3-aMBR system can be used as a new technology for treating polluted surface water with the co-contribution of biological process and AOP treatment.
Responses of channel morphology to flow-sediment variations after dam construction: a case study of the Shashi Reach, middle Yangtze River
Authors: Chen Fan , Chen Li , Zhang Wei , Han Jianqiao , Wang Junzhou 
Published: September 2019

AbstractUpstream damming has profoundly impacted downstream channel morphology by altering inflowing water and sediment conditions, which can mostly be ascribed to variations in the flow hydrograph and sediment supply regime. In this paper, channel erosion and deposition during different flow-sediment processes are quantified using a 2D hydro-morphodynamic model. Our results revealed that the net erosion mainly occurred during the flood season when the flow discharges were above 15,000 m3/s. Together, larger peak discharges and less sediment supply could produce greater net erosion. Flow hydrograph variations could alter the inundation extent, thus creating a more widespread redistribution of channel deposition and erosion and possibly causing a shift in the active channel adjustment area, where more channel scouring and siltation occurred. The channel adjustments caused by the sediment supply regime variations underwent a gradual downward propagation process, and most of the riverbed thalweg profile variations could first be observed at a very short distance from the studied reach entrance. A larger cross-sectional area and channel depth as well as a lower width-depth ratio could result from larger floods and less incoming upstream sediment load. We found that a comprehensive flow-sediment combination coefficient with a value of m ranging from 2 to 4 most appropriately reflected the post-dam flow-sediment imbalance regime at the studied reach, which implied the leading role of flow hydrograph variations in shaping channel morphology. In summary, the combined results presented herein for the Shashi Reach of the Yangtze River can provide a better understanding of the downstream morphological impacts of different flow-sediment processes caused by dam operation.
Niveles de riesgo en las mujeres víctimas de violencia intrafamiliar del barrio Isidro Ayora Alto del Cantón Loja
Authors: Montaño-Tejedor Emérita Beatriz , Carrión-Berrú Celsa Beatriz , Reyes-Masa Betti del Cisne , Merino-Armijos Cecilia Isabel 
Published: September 2019

<p style="text-align: justify;">Este trabajo permitió cumplir con el objetivo general que se planteó como “Determinar los niveles de riesgo que se presentan en los casos de violencia intrafamiliar en las mujeres del barrio Isidro Ayora de la ciudad de Loja, para contribuir con un plan de acción social encaminada a la prevención de la violencia”. Es un estudio de corte transversal, en donde la metodología que se utilizó durante el proceso de la investigación demostraron su eficiencia, pertinencia y factibilidad, fue el Método Científico, apoyado de sus métodos auxiliares, los cuales permitieron tener contacto directo con las mujeres del barrio y tener una visión clara del objeto de estudio y, además, obtener información relevante que sirvió para conocer y detallar el problema de investigación; se aplicó una encuesta a 20 mujeres, y unas entrevistas a la presidenta del barrio, a la Directora del Subcentro de Chonta Cruz, al jefe de policía de la unidad comunitaria de Tierras Coloradas. Los resultados obtenidos, muestran que la violencia psicológica es la que mayor afecta a esta población estudiada con un nivel de riesgo moderado, y quien ejerce la violencia en el hogar son sus esposos, de esta manera se consideró oportuno el diseño de un plan de acción social encaminado a la prevención de la violencia en los hogares de las mujeres del barrio Isidro Ayora, el mismo que constará de varias actividades estratégicas que posibiliten un trabajo integrado, en donde sea ellas las gestoras de su propio cambio para de esa manera contribuir al bienestar, mejorar la calidad de vida de las mujeres y salir del ciclo de violencia.<strong></strong></p>
The Application of Behavioral Counseling with Positive Techniques Reinforcement to Improve Self-Confidence
Authors: Majiatulhibah Putri , Tirka I Wayan , Arum MWP Dewi 
Published: September 2019

This study was purposed to determine the effectivity of behavioral counseling by positive reinforcement technique to improved self confidence students of eleventh grade class AK C at SMK Negeri 1 Singaraja. One group pretest-posttest designed was used. The sample of this study were eight students which were grouped with purposive sampling. Student’s self confidence were measured by questionnaire. Data were collected then analyzed by descriptive statistics and t-test. The results showed that behavioral counseling with positive reinforcement technique is effective to improved students self confidence, it seen from the analysis output ttest>ttable with significance value 5% (v), it showed that students self confidence were improved. It can be concluded that alternative hipothesis of this study is accepted.
Pengembangan dan Validasi Skala Penyimpangan Seksual Melalui Analisis Rasch
Authors: Yunita Nivea Yulia , Suranata Kadek 
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze the presence or absence of adolescents who have sexual deviation in SMP Negeri 3 Singaraja to reduce or minimize the characteristics of sexual deviation which occurs in a community environment because students exhibit a variety of overactive behavioral symptoms associated with the opposite sex. There are students in the class who can arrange themselves to rarely connect with the opposite sex. not adjacent to friends of the opposite sex, students are reluctant to keep their distance and there are also students who always play with many students in the class. The above behavior, can be referred to as students who have the characteristics of high sexual deviation. This study was conducted by developing new instruments to measure whether sexual deviation in students can be minimized or lower. this scale is called the decline of sexual deviation. The sample of the study consisted of 8th grade junior high school students as many as 186 people from 8 eight classes that the researcher took 5 classes in SMP Negeri 3 Singaraja. Manually filled instrument format (paper-and-pencil). Analytical analyzes use the Rasch model through the Winsteps software. An interesting finding found that 8th grade school students showed different responses amongst students with other students; while the aitem analysis shows all the items are appropriate and the instrument meets the requirements of unidimensionality and some of the detected items contain biases.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH DENGAN BANTUAN MEDIA KONKRET UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPA DI KELAS KELAS IVA SDN 1 BANJAR JAWA TAHUN PELAJARAN 2017/2018
Authors: Amrullah Lalu Juniardiansah 
Published: September 2019

Pembelajaran dengan metode yang berpusat pada guru dan tidak adanya media atau alat peraga dalam pembelajaran IPA akan membuat motivasi belajar siswa rendah yang berpengaruh terhadap aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa yang tidak sesuai dengan harapan. Berdasarkan hasil observasi yang dilakukan di SDN 1 Banjar Jawa, masalah yang ada adalah hasil belajar siswa pada muatan pelajaran IPA yang masih rendah. Tindakan yang dilakukan peneliti untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut adalah penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah dengan bantuan media konkreet untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPA di kelas IVA SDN 1 Banjar Jawa dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPA di kelas IVA SDN 1 Banjar Jawa. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang terdiri dari 2 siklus. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu tes dan observasi. Instrumen pengumpulan data berupa soal tes berbentuk pilihan ganda dan isian, dan lembar observasi berbentuk lembar observasi aktivitas guru dan siswa. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan, dimana pada siklus I aktivitas guru berkategori sangat baik dengan skor 26, aktivitas siswa berkategori aktif dengan skor 30 dan ketuntasan klasikal 90,48% dengan KKM 70, pada siklus II aktivitas guru berkategori sangat baik dengan skor 27, aktivitas siswa berkategori sangat aktif dengan skor 33 dan ketuntasan kalasikal 95,24% dengan KKM 70. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan aktivitas guru dan siswa serta hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPA di kelas IVA SDN 1 Banjar Jawa sudah meningkat. Kata Kunci: Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah, Media Konkret, Hasil Belajar IPA.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN QUANTUM BERBANTUAN MEDIA AUDIO-VISUAL DAN PUZZLE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PPKN
Authors: Sakaningsih N.M. , Margunayasa I.G. 
Published: September 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatan hasil belajar PPKn melalui penerapan model pembelajaran quantum berbantuan media audio-visual dan puzzle siswa kelas V SD Negeri 3 Banjar Jawa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri dari empat tahap yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi atau evaluasi, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V C SD Negeri 3 Banjar Jawa yang berjumlah 32 orang terdiri dari 19 orang siswa perempuan dan 13 orang siswa laki-laki. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode tes yang instrumennya berupa tes objektif. Data hasil belajar PPKn dianalisis menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan rata-rata hasil belajar PPKn siswa pada siklus I yaitu 76,6 dengan M% sebesar 76,6% berada pada kategori sedang dan berada pada interval 65 – 79 dengan kategori sedang. Pada pada siklus II rata-rata hasil belajar PPKn siswa yaitu 88,2 dengan M% sebesar 88,2% dan berada pada interval 80 – 89 dengan kategori tinggi. Peningkatan yang terjadi jika dihitung menggunakan rumus Gn skor yaitu sebesar 0,49 yang jika dikonversikan pada tabel kriteria peningkatan hasil belajar berada pada kategori sedang (0,30-0,69). Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa melalui penerapan model pembelajaran quantum berbantuan media audio-visual dan puzzle dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar PPKn siswa kelas V C semester II tahun ajaran 2017/2018 di SD Negeri 3 Banjar Jawa. Kata kunci: hasil belajar PPKn, media audio-visual dan puzzle, model pembelajaran quantum
PENGARUH PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK BERMEDIAKAN AUDIO VISUAL TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN MENULIS PADA MUATAN PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: Artini Ni Putu 
Published: September 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh yang signifikan pendekatan saintifik bermediakan audio visual terhadap keterampilan menulis pada muatan pelajaran bahasa Indonesia siswa kelas IV SD Gugus XIV Kecamatan Buleleng Kabupaten Buleleng tahun pelajaran 2017/2018. Penelitian ini tergolong jenis penelitian eksperimen semu. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas IV SD Gugus XIV Kecamatan Buleleng Kabupaten Buleleng tahun pelajaran 2017/2018 yang berjumlah 5 kelas. Sampel penelitian ditentukan menggunakan teknik random sampling. Sekolah yang menjadi sampel yaitu SDN 1 Pemaron sebagai kelompok eksperimen dan SDN 1 Tukadmungga sebagai kelompok kontrol. Data keterampilan menulis dikumpulkan menggunakan tes unjuk kerja kemudian dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis statistik deskriptif dan statistik inferensial (uji-t). Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, diperoleh thitung = 7,32 dan ttabel (taraf signifikansi 5%) = 2,006. Hal ini berarti bahwa thitung > ttabel sehingga terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pendekatan saintifik bermediakan audio visual terhadap keterampilan menulis pada muatan pelajaran bahasa Indonesia. Di samping itu, didapatkan pula bahwa mean kelompok ekperimen adalah 20,14 dan mean kelompok kontrol adalah 14,8. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pendekatan saintifik bermediakan audio visual berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keterampilan menulis bahasa Indonesia siswa kelas IV SD Gugus XIV Kecamatan Buleleng Kabupaten Buleleng Tahun Pelajaran 2017/2018. Disarankan kepada pihak sekolah untuk mewajibkan media audio visual sebagai salah satu media pembelajaran yang harus diterapkan dalam pembelajaran sehingga pembelajaran yang dilakukan menjadi menarik dan dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Kata kunci: Audio Visual, Keterampilan Menulis, Saintifik
HUBUNGAN KUALITAS PENGAWASAN KEPALA SEKOLAH TERHADAP KOMPETENSI PEDAGOGIK
Authors: Nuarta I Gede 
Published: September 2019

Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah rancangan expost facto. Dalam penelitian ini populasinya adalah seluruh guru yang ada di TK Negeri Desa Joanyar yang berjumlah 4 orang. Teknik sampling yang dipergunakan dalam penentuan sampel adalah Proportional Random Sampling. Proporsional yang dimaksud adalah pengambilan sampel sesuai dengan proporsi. Data yang dikumpulkan dalam penelitian ini yaitu 1) kompetensi pedagogik guru-guru di TK Negeri Desa Joanyar. Data kompetensi pedagogik dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner, data pengelolaan pembelajaran guru-guru menggunakan tes observasi dan data kualitas pengawasan kepala sekolah dikumpulkan dengan kuesioner. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan statistik deskriptif. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa Terdapat hubungan secara langsung dan tidak langsung antara kualitas pengawasan oleh kepala sekolah terhadap kompetensi pedagogik pada Guru di TK Negeri Desa Joanyar. Kontribusi kualitas pengawasan oleh kepala sekolahterhadap terhadap kompetensi pedagogik guru secara langsung dan tidak langsung sebesar 87,2%. Kata kunci: Kualitas Pengawasan, Kompetensi Pedagogik
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF JIGSAW UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPS
Authors: Suryanita SP Ni Putu , Kusmariyatni Ni Nyoman 
Published: September 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar IPS dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Jigsaw pada siswa kelas IVA di SD Negeri 4 Kampung Baru tahun pelajaran 2017/2018. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri atas tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi dan evaluasi, serta refleksi. Pelaksanaan tindakan tiap siklus adalah tiga kali pertemuan. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IVA tahun pelajaran 2017/2018 di SD Negeri 4 Kampung Baru, yang berjumlah 26 orang. Objek penelitian ini adalah peningkatan hasil belajar IPS. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan denganmetode tes. Data dianalisis dengan metode analisis statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan persentase hasil belajar pada siswa kelas IVA di SD Negeri 4 Kampung Baru. Berdasarkan tes hasil belajar, pada siklus I rata-rata hasil belajar IPS diperoleh sebesar 80,77 dengan kategori tinggi. Selanjutnya, pada siklus II rata-rata hasil belajar IPS diperoleh sebesar 86,37 dengan kategori tinggi. Berdasarkan perhitungan gains skor, kualitas peningkatan hasil belajar IPS pada siklus I sebesar 0,16 dengan predikat rendah dan siklus II sebesar 0,46 dengan predikat sedang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Jigsaw dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar IPS siswa siswa kelas IVA di SD Negeri 4 Kampung Baru tahun pelajaran 2017/2018.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PICTURE AND PICTURE BERBASIS KARAKTER TERHADAP KOMPETENSI PENGETAHUAN IPS
Authors: Leoniari Ni Luh De 
Published: September 2019

The study aimed to determine the significant difference of knowledge competence in Social Science to group of students taught by Picture and Picture learning model based the Character and group of students taught by conventional learning in grade IV SD Gugus III Kuta Utara, academic year of 2017/2018. This study was a quasi-experimental research with nonequivalent control group design. The population of this study was the whole grade IV SD Gugus III Kuta Utara which consist of 15 classes and 506 students from 7 schools. The sample was obtained by random sampling. The sample in this study were the students of grade IVA SD No. 1 Kerobokan Kaja as experiment group and fourth grade students of SD No. 2 Kerobokan Kaja as control group. The data collected were knowledge competence in Social Sience data and analyzed using t test. The result of data analysis obtained by tc = 4,103 at 5% significance level and dk = 62 obtained tt value = 2,000 so tc = 4,103 > tt = 2,000, H0 rejected. This means that there is a significant difference of knowledge competence in Social Science of students who are taught using Picture and Picture learning model based on the Character and students who are taught using conventional learning. The mean value gain normalize score in the group that was taught using Picture and Picture learning model based the Character was 1=0,50 > 2= 0,34 The mean value gain normalize score in the group that was taught using conventional learning , so the conclusion of this study is the Picture and Picture learning model based the Character effect to knowledge competence in Social Sience of fourth grade students SD Gugus III Kuta Utara in academic year 2017/2018.