bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SURG-03. SPATIAL COORDINATES FROM GAMMA KNIFE RADIOSURGERY REVEAL PRIMARY CANCERS HAVE REGIONAL CNS TOPOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION FOR BRAIN METASTASES
Authors: Neman Josh , Franklin Meredith , Madaj Zachary , Triche Tim , Sadlik Gal , Deshpande Krutika , Zada Gabriel 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Brain metastases arise in the central nervous system (CNS) following spread of circulating mesenchymal-type cells from primary tumors. While accumulating evidence underlines the importance of the neural niche in the establishment and progression of metastases, there still remains ambiguity over CNS anatomical spatial distribution from primary cancers. We evaluated 973 patients with brain metastases (breast, colorectal, lung, melanoma, renal) totaling 2,106 lesions treated from 1994–2015 with gamma knife radiosurgery at the University of Southern California Keck Medical Center for topographical distribution analysis. MRI images of the brain were taken and used in conjunction with the frame to precisely localize tumors and measure their size. Each tumor was given an x, y, and z-coordinate derived from the head frame that corresponded to its volumetric center within a 3-dimensional Cartesian field. Topographical analyses were conducted using logistic and multinomial spatial generalized additive models (GAM). For each cancer origin type we compared the observed brain metastases to set of randomly generated spatial observations to determine whether there were statistically significant localization patterns. Spatial pattern results show: 1) melanoma has highest probability to metastasize to the right frontal (74.5%, 95% confidence interval [Cl] = 63.6%- 85.4%) and to occipital lobe (72.4%, 95% Cl = 65.8%-78.9%), 2) while breast cancers have highest proclivity to metastasize to left cerebellar hemisphere (25%, 95% Cl=16.0%-34.1%) and brainstem (16.6%, 95% Cl= 10.8%-22.4%), 3) with lung tumors metastasizing to the left (23.7%, 95% Cl= 16.0–31.3%) and right parietal (24.7%, 95% Cl=16.7–32.8%), left temporal lobe (25.2%, 95% Cl=21.4%-29.1%). Colon and renal metastases show weak spatial patterns across the CNS. We conclude there is evidence of non-uniform spatial distribution of metastasis in the brain. These tumor-specific CNS topography patterns may underlie the ability of cancer cells to adapt to the regional neural microenvironments in order to facilitate colonization and establishment of metastasis.
SURG-05. LASER INTERSTITIAL THERMAL THERAPY FOR MELANOMA BRAIN METASTASIS: A CASE SERIES
Authors: Palejwala Ali , O’Connor Kyle , Glenn Chad , Sughrue Michael 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) have been established as non-invasive treatment modalities for intracranial metastasis from malignant melanoma, with SRS emerging as a safe and effective stand along therapy. However, either due to tumor regrowth or radiation necrosis, these radiation modalities can fail. MR-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) has emerged as an option for these tumors. Clinical data for five patients at our institution was retrospectively reviewed. These were all the patients that had undergone LITT for intracranial metastatic melanoma after prior treatment failure that included a radiation modality. Demographics, prior treatments, surgical data, perioperative complications, adjuvant treatments, and follow imaging data were gathered. Of the five patients, one patient had received WBRT, three patients had received prior SRS to the area that underwent LITT, and one patient had a prior craniotomy with adjuvant SRS. Two of the tumors were located in the premotor area (frontal lobe), two tumors were located in the motor strip, and one tumor was located in the cerebellum. The average tumor volume was 4.32 cc (range 1.86 - 7.84 cc). Median time of hospital stay was 2 days (with a 2.6 day average). No perioperative complications were encountered. Three of the patients had received adjuvant therapy at our institution; these patients were not delayed in receiving adjuvant therapy. Of these three patients, only one patient had a BRAF mutation detected. Four patients received follow up imaging at our institution, with no patients demonstrating tumor regrowth in the site of LITT. Regrowth of intracranial metastasis of malignant melanoma is a known possibility of traditional radiation therapies. LITT should be considered as a safe, effective option for those that fail these traditional therapies, especially those located in areas difficult to access. The low complication rate allows patients to restart adjuvant therapies.
SURG-07. CORRELATION BETWEEN VOLUMETRIC ANALYSIS AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES OF BRAIN METASTASES TREATED WITH LASER INTERSTITIAL THERMAL THERAPY (LITT)
Authors: Bastos Dhiego , Loree Jonathan , Kumar Vinodh , Shah Komal , Rao Ganesh , Weinberg Jeffrey S , Prabhu Sujit 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
PURPOSE: Describe and analyze the volumetric responses of metastatic brain tumors treated with LITT and how changes correlate with local recurrence (LR). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective study with consecutive patients with progressive disease after SRS for brain metastasis. Spider and scatter plots and Locally Weighed Scatterplot Smoothing (LOWESS) for tumor and edema volume were created to analyze volume changes. Patients were compared using Chi-square tests and odds ratios (OR). RESULTS: 61 consecutive patients with 82 lesions (5 newly diagnosed, 46 recurrence and 31 radiation necrosis). Mean tumor volume was 4.84cm3, mean edema volume was 43.86cm3 and the mean ablation volume was 8.09cm3. LOWESS showed an initial increase in the first month, followed by steady decrease in the following months. Tumor edema shows a plateau or a slight increase in the first month, followed by a steady decrease in the subsequent months. Patients with LR showed an increase in the edema in the first 60 days, whereas tumor volume tended to remain stable, increasing in size after the third/fourth month. After 60 days, if edema volume is above baseline or increasing in size from nadir, there is an increased risk of LR (OR 4.22; 95% CI 1.5011.89,P=0.0053). Tumor volume above baseline ablation volume or increasing from a nadir on the first scan after day 60 had an increased risk of recurrence (OR 3.46; 95% CI 1.239.71,P=0.0016). If both edema and tumor volume are above baseline or increasing after day 60, there is also an increased risk of LR (OR 4.00; 95% CI 1.4111.36,P=0.0077). CONCLUSIONS: If either edema or tumor volume fail to fall below baseline or show an increasing trend on the first scan after day 60 post LITT, patients have an increased risk of LR. Qualitatively edema was the first feature observed in LR followed by increase in tumor volume.
SURG-09. SURGICAL AND PERI-OPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS FOR BRAIN METASTASES: A NATIONWIDE ANALYSIS
Authors: Gupta Saksham , Larsen Alexandra Giantini , Dawood Hassan , Fandino Luis , Knelson Erik , Smith Timothy , Lee Eudocia , Aizer Ayal , Bi Wenya 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Brain metastases are the most frequent brain tumors in adults, whose management remains nuanced. We aim to improve risk stratification for brain metastases patients who might be candidates for surgical resection. METHODS: We conducted a nationwide, retrospective cohort analysis of adult patients who received craniotomy for resection of brain metastasis using the 2012–2015 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Project databases. Our primary outcomes of interest were post-operative medical complications, reoperation, readmission, and mortality. RESULTS: 3500 cases were included, of which 17% were considered frail and 24% were infratentorial. The most common 30-day medical complications were pneumonia (4%), venous thromboembolism (VTE;3%), and urinary tract infections (2%). Cardiac events and cerebrovascular accidents tended to occur in the early post-operative period, while VTEs and infections occurred in a more delayed fashion. Reoperation and unplanned readmission occurred in 5% and 12% of patients, respectively. Infratentorial approach and frailty were associated with reoperation before discharge (OR 2.0 for both; p=0.01 and p=0.03 respectively), but not after discharge. Frail patients were especially at risk for surgical evacuation of hematoma (OR 3.6). Infratentorial approaches conferred heightened risk for readmission for hydrocephalus (OR 5.1, p=0.02) and reoperation for cerebrospinal fluid diversion (OR 7.1, p&lt; 0.001). Overall 30-day mortality was 4%, with nearly three-quarters occurring after discharge. Pre-frailty and frailty were associated with increased odds for post-discharge mortality (OR 1.7 and 2.7, p&lt; 0.05), but not pre-discharge mortality. We developed a model to predictors of death, which identified frailty, thrombocytopenia, and high American Society of Anesthesiologists score as the strongest predictors of 30-day mortality (AUROC 0.75). CONCLUSION: Optimization of metrics contributing to patient frailty and heightened surveillance in patients with infratentorial metastases may be considered in the peri-operative period.
SURG-11. THE ROLE OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE-GUIDED LASER ABLATION FOR INTRACRANIAL METASTATIC TUMORS
Authors: Semonche Alexa , Eichberg Daniel , Theodotou Christian , Shah Ashish , Banerjee Christopher , Berger Michael , Wallo Amanda , Komotar Ricardo , Ivan Michael 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is a novel, minimally-invasive adjuvant therapy that is well-suited for intracranial tumors in deep or critical areas, recurrences failing standard therapy, and poor open-surgical candidates. To better characterize safety and clinical outcomes, we present the largest single-institutional experience with LITT for recurrent brain metastases. METHODS: All patients undergoing LITT for single recurrent brain metastases from 2013–2018 at the University of Miami were included in this study. Primary outcomes included extent of ablation (EOA), time-to-recurrence (TTR), and overall survival (OS). Secondary endpoints include neurologic status and complication rate. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to quantify TTR and OS, compare outcomes by primary tumor of origin, and identify potential predictors of TTR and OS. RESULTS: Thirty-six patients underwent 44 LITT procedures; all had undergone prior treatment with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). Mean age was 56.8 years and 83.3% were female. Average pretreatment tumor volume was 6.6cm3. Patients were treated with a mean ablation dose of 12.4W (9.8-14W), achieving a median EOA of 100% (range 55–100%). At median follow-up of 11.6 months (IQR 4.6–19.1 months), 34 of 44 (87.3%) cases had tumor control on radiographic imaging and 22 of 36 (61.1%) of patients remain alive. Median TTR was 55.9 months; median OS was 25.5 months. Neither TTR nor OR differed significantly by primary tumor of origin (P &gt;.05). EOA &gt;88% predicted longer TTR (P=.01) Neurologic status was stable or improved in all surviving patients. No major complications occurred (0% rate). CONCLUSIONS: Our institutional experience demonstrates LITT is safe for intracranial metastases resistant to SRS and offers several advantages over open surgical treatment. TTR and OS were not associated with primary tumor of origin. A threshold EOA &gt;88% predicted longer TTR. Randomized studies are needed to evaluate the role of LITT as a treatment adjunct.
Chevetogne, Taizé, and the Groupe des Dombes
Authors: Famerée Joseph 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Since the mid-twentieth century, three institutions in the French-speaking world have been playing unquestionably important roles in ecumenism. The institutions here presented are, in chronological order of foundation, the Benedictine monastery of Chevetogne (Belgium), the Groupe des Dombes, and the Taizé community (France). The monks of Chevetogne, founded by Lambert Beauduin, celebrate the liturgy, simultaneously in two chapels, in the Latin and Byzantine rites, in order to anticipate spiritually Christian unity in diversity. The Groupe des Dombes, founded by Paul Couturier, consists of French-speaking theologians, twenty Protestants and twenty Catholics. Theological reflection and common prayer are the two pillars of their work, emphasizing the conversion of the churches. Taizé, founded by Roger Schutz, is an ecumenical community, which seeks to be a ‘parable of communion’, inspiring a ‘pilgrimage of trust on earth’, especially among young people.
Promotions and the Peter Principle*
Authors: Benson Alan , Li Danielle , Shue Kelly 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe best worker is not always the best candidate for manager. In these cases, do firms promote the best potential manager or the best worker in their current job? Using microdata on the performance of sales workers at 131 firms, we find evidence consistent with the Peter Principle, which proposes that firms prioritize current job performance in promotion decisions at the expense of other observable characteristics that better predict managerial performance. We estimate that the costs of promoting workers with lower managerial potential are high, suggesting either that firms are making inefficient promotion decisions or that the benefits of promotion-based incentives are great enough to justify the costs of managerial mismatch. We find that firms manage the costs of the Peter Principle by placing less weight on sales performance in promotion decisions when managerial roles entail greater responsibility and when frontline workers are incentivized by strong pay for performance.
A DOUBLE-MASKED, RANDOMIZED, SHAM-CONTROLLED, SINGLE-CENTER STUDY WITH PHOTOBIOMODULATION FOR THE TREATMENT OF DRY AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION
Authors: Markowitz Samuel N. , Devenyi Robert G. , Munk Marion R. , Croissant Cindy L. , Tedford Stephanie E. , Rückert Rene , Walker Michael G. , Patino Beatriz E. , Chen Lina , Nido Monica , Tedford Clark E. 
Published: August 2019

Purpose:
The LIGHTSITE I study investigated the efficacy and safety of photobiomodulation (PBM) treatment in subjects with dry age-related macular degeneration.

Methods:
Thirty subjects (46 eyes) were treated with the Valeda Light Delivery System, wherein subjects underwent two series of treatments (3× per week for 3–4 weeks) over 1 year. Outcome measures included best-corrected visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, microperimetry, central drusen volume and drusen thickness, and quality of life assessments.

Results:
Photobiomodulation-treated subjects showed a best-corrected visual acuity mean letter score gain of 4 letters immediately after each treatment series at Month 1 (M1) and Month 7 (M7). Approximately 50% of PBM-treated subjects showed improvement of ≥5 letters versus 13.6% in sham-treated subjects at M1. High responding subjects (≥5-letter improvement) in the PBM-treated group showed a gain of 8 letters after initial treatment (P < 0.01) and exhibited earlier stages of age-related macular degeneration disease. Statistically significant improvements in contrast sensitivity, central drusen volume, central drusen thickness, and quality of life were observed (P < 0.05). No device-related adverse events were reported.

Conclusion:
Photobiomodulation treatment statistically improved clinical and anatomical outcomes with more robust benefits observed in subjects with earlier stages of dry age-related macular degeneration. Repeated PBM treatments are necessary to maintain benefits. These pilot findings support previous reports and suggest the utility of PBM as a safe and effective therapy in subjects with dry age-related macular degeneration.
Complementary and Integrative Health Treatments for Migraine
Authors: Patel Palak S. , Minen Mia T. 
Published: August 2019

Background:
Migraine is a chronic disabling neurologic condition that can be treated with a combination of both pharmacologic and complementary and integrative health options.

Evidence Acquisition:
With the growing interest in the US population in the use of nonpharmacologic treatments, we reviewed the evidence for supplements and behavioral interventions used for migraine prevention.

Results:
Supplements reviewed included vitamins, minerals, and certain herbal preparations. Behavioral interventions reviewed included cognitive behavioral therapy, biofeedback, relaxation, the third-wave therapies, acupuncture, hypnosis, and aerobic exercise.

Conclusions:
This article should provide an appreciation for the wide range of nonpharmacologic therapies that might be offered to patients in place of or in addition to migraine-preventive medications.
Network-Based Matching of Patients and Targeted Therapies for Precision Oncology*
Authors: Liu Qingzhi , Ha Min Jin , Bhattacharyya Rupam , Garmire Lana , Baladandayuthapani Veerabhadran 
Published: August 2019

The extensive acquisition of high-throughput molecular profiling data across model systems (human tumors and cancer cell lines) and drug sensitivity data, makes precision oncology possible – allowing clinicians to match the right drug to the right patient. Current supervised models for drug sensitivity prediction, often use cell lines as exemplars of patient tumors and for model training. However, these models are limited in their ability to accurately predict drug sensitivity of individual cancer patients to a large set of drugs, given the paucity of patient drug sensitivity data used for testing and high variability across different drugs. To address these challenges, we developed a multilayer network-based approach to impute individual patients’ responses to a large set of drugs. This approach considers the triplet of patients, cell lines and drugs as one inter-connected holistic system. We first use the omics profiles to construct a patient-cell line network and determine best matching cell lines for patient tumors based on robust measures of network similarity. Subsequently, these results are used to impute the “missing link” between each individual patient and each drug, calledPersonalized Imputed Drug Sensitivity Score(PIDS-Score), which can be construed as a measure of the therapeutic potential of a drug or therapy. We applied our method to two subtypes of lung cancer patients, matched these patients with cancer cell lines derived from 19 tissue types based on their functional proteomics profiles, and computed their PIDS-Scores to 251 drugs and experimental compounds. We identified the best representative cell lines that conserve lung cancer biology and molecular targets. The PIDS-Score based top sensitive drugs for the entire patient cohort as well as individual patients are highly related to lung cancer in terms of their targets, and their PIDS-Scores are significantly associated with patient clinical outcomes. These findings provide evidence that our method is useful to narrow the scope of possible effective patient-drug matchings for implementing evidence-based personalized medicine strategies.Data and code availabilityhttps://github.com/bayesrx/bayesrx.github.io/tree/master/authors/liu-q./Shiny app (data and results visualization tool):https://qingzliu.shinyapps.io/psb-app/
Analysis of Practices to Promote Reproducibility and Transparency in Anaesthesiology Research: Are Important Aspects “Hidden Behind the Drapes?”
Authors: Okonya Ochije , Rorah Drayton , Tritz Daniel , Umberham Blake A. , Wiley Matt , Vassar Matt 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTIntroductionReliable, high-quality research is essential to the field of anaesthesiology. Reproducibility and transparency has been investigated in the biomedical domain and in the social sciences, with both lacking to provide necessary information to reproduce the study findings. In this study, we investigated 14 indicators of reproducibility in anaesthesiology research.MethodsWe used the National Library of Medicine (NLM) catalogue to search for all anaesthesiology journals that are MEDLINE indexed and provided English texts. PubMed was searched with the list of journals to identify all publications from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2018. We randomly sampled 300 publications that fit the inclusion criteria for our analysis. Data extraction was then conducted in a blinded, duplicate fashion using a pilot-tested Google form.ResultsThe PubMed search of these journals identified 171,441 publications, with 28,310 being within the time frame. From the 300 publications sampled, 296 full-text publications were accessible. Most of the studies did not include materials or protocol availability statements. The majority of publications did not provide a data analysis script statement (121/122, 99% [98% to 100%]) or a preregistration statement (94/122, 77% [72% to 81%]).ConclusionAnaesthesiology research needs to drastically improve indicators of reproducibility and transparency. By making research publically available and improving accessibility to detailed study components, primary research can be reproduced in subsequent studies and help contribute to the development of new practice guidelines.
Uber SA: disruption of the local taxi industry?
Authors: Bick Geoff 
Published: August 2019

Learning outcomes
Learning outcomes are as follows: to understand the repercussions of a disruptive technology, in addition to its perceived benefits; to incorporate the human element into the technology benefits; to appreciate alternate sides of an argument regarding an issue; and to analyse the cross-functional implications of an innovation that changes the “rules of the game” for doing business.

Case overview/synopsis
Uber, a US-based multinational, provides a real-time technology platform to enable users to utilise ride-sharing with Uber drivers. This is an example of a “shared economy” or “collaborative consumption” business model, which has disrupted the status quo of the taxi industry around the world. Uber was launched in South Africa in 2013, creating many job opportunities but causing much reaction from the taxi industry and the authorities.

Complexity academic level
This is a short case which can be used across a number of programmes, as most students will have had some experience or exposure to the Uber model, and is very useful as an “ice-breaker” case to introduce students to the case study method of analysis and teaching. This case can be used for undergraduate and postgraduate students in business schools or other institutions or on executive education programmes as part of a strategy, marketing, business model innovation or entrepreneurship module.

Supplementary materials
Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.

Subject code
CSS 11: Strategy
Design and characterization of a T-shaped two-axis force sensor
Authors: Zhong Liang , Li Feifei , Peng Yuxin , Yang Qiang , Zhang Mingming , Wang Jian 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to propose a type of T-shaped two-axis force sensor for measuring the forces in x- and z-axes. The developed sensor has a simple structure and can be effectively assembled into compact devices.

Design/methodology/approach
A T-shaped plate, with both ends fixed on a base, is used as the substrate of the sensor. Eight strain gauges are placed in the root of the plate or near the sensor head, which can construct two full Wheatstone bridges on the upper and lower surfaces of the plate. When the x- or z-axes forces are applied to the sensor head, different deformation can be generated to the strain gauges. Therefore, the two Wheatstone bridges can be constructed with a different configuration for measuring the forces in x- or z-axes, respectively.

Findings
A prototype was designed and constructed and experiments were carried out to test the basic performance of the sensor. It has been verified that the developed sensor could measure the x- and z-axes forces independently with a high resolution of 2.5 and 5 mN, respectively.

Originality/value
Only one thin plate was used in the design, the forces in x- and z-axes could be measured independently and simultaneously, which made the sensor with a simple structure and compact size. Experiments were also verified that there was no crosstalk error occurred in one axis when the force was applied to the other axis.