bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Opeimizing Operation Oversight of Bahrain Field through Aerial Survey
Authors: Nooraldeen Yasser , AlNoaimi Hasan 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The Bahrain Oil Field is located in a desert environment in the south-central area of the Kingdom of Bahrain and spans approximately 25% of the island. The Bahrain Field was discovered in the early 1930s and is recognized as the first oil field developed in the Arabian Gulf.
Recently, Tatweer Petroleum introduced advanced Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV), also known as (Drones), to address the unique needs of its daily operation by providing a safe, efficient, and cost-effective maintenance and inspection solutions.
This paper demonstrates the valuable benefits of utilizing UAV (Drones) in the oil and gas industry in three main areas: ‘Security, Surveillance, and Emergency Response,’ ‘Inspection and Maintenance,’ and ‘Surveying and Mapping.’
Under the Security and Surveillance front, Tatweer Petroleum is facing operational safety issues and security threats that require real-time response solutions, and the need to provide rapid, precise, and reliable situational awareness. Tatweer’s Drones support the Security team with dynamic perimeter surveillance, intruder alerts, and critical equipment and process monitoring. Additionally, the Drones are used to support the emergency response team as a professional tool for rapid aerial incident investigation, evacuation, monitoring, and remote hazard detection.
Preventive maintenance inspection is another application area where Drones can play a vital role. This is especially true when it comes to inaccessible operational assets due to their physical location (e.g. overhead power lines insulators), sheer magnitude (e.g. solar cell farm), or an inherent process hazard (e.g. flare stacks). Airborne cameras with advanced spectral imaging technology and powerful magnification optics can capture, analyze, and identify particular anomalies such as oil or gas leaks and pre-failure overheats, and provide vivid close-up images of fatigued structures and micro failures in plants and assets. This is a great cost-effective and efficient method for inspection and failure prevention.
Surveying and mapping an industrial environment is time-consuming, difficult, and often dangerous. Tatweer Petroleum used the Drones to allow surveyors and mappers to collect unlimited aerial data with precise measurements, while saving time, money, and manpower. It also provides premium processing and analytics capabilities to support critical processes such as stock pile volume measurements, terrain mapping, site planning etc. The Drones are preprogrammed to automatically cover any particular area in the Bahrain Field. The survey data produces highly accurate, best-in-class orthophotos and digital elevation models.
Using Supervised Machine Learning Algorithms to Predict BHA Walk Tendencies
Authors: Noshi C. I. , Schubert J. J. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Directional drillers have faced numerous challenges due to the right and left BHA walk tendencies. Walk, build, and drop tendencies increase sliding time thus reducing ROP and increasing CPF. Drilling tortuous wellbores are more prone to NPT, increased torque and downhole drag. It was noted that bit side forces and the tilt angle influence the DLS of the wellbore. In this study, novel predictive analytic models were developed to understand the factors that influence BHA assembly walk tendency as well as uncover the hidden relationships between several different features influencing the walk tendencies. Sixty-eight wells are included in this study with an initial model training and testing being executed on eight wells. A blind test was later performed on 57 wells with 149 different BHAs. The model accounted for the number and locations of the various components in the BHA and their different types. The modified BHAs are assumed to be a continuous beam supported by PDC bits, PDM, stabilizers, and an assembly, mirroring the contact points of the BHAs, and the wellbore. For simplification purposes, the assembly assumes that all three components are made of non-magnetic material with comparable OD, linear weight, and material. The assembly was based on the fact that these components had the same bending stiffness due to similar material and thus elasticity.
Seven different ML models were experimented with to determine the lowest MAE. They included Gradient Boosting Machine, Random Forest, Artificial Neural Networks, and Adaboost. The attributes included mud density and formation type. Bit variables were composed of: OD, gauge length, length of inner and outer profile, TFA, manufacture, cutter size, and blade count. For PDM: location, OD, LW, length, bit to bend distance, and bend angle. The stabilizer included location, blade count, gauge length, gauge OD, LW, and stabilizer to bit depth and assembly specifications. Moreover, hole size, block height, hookload, WOB, ROP, differential pressure, mud flow rate, SPP, GR, Annular pressure loss, MSE, ECD at Bit, Bit RPM, Bit TOR, and bit aggressivity. The survey data had MD, Inclination, azimuth, and finally DLS.
The models showed that the side forces in the form of seven dominant factors were the main culprits in influencing the walk direction of the drill bit. There was a highly significant relationship with a MAE of 14.7% between stabilizer location, gauge OD, PDM bit to bend distance, bit gauge, PDM differential pressure, ROP, WOB, inclination, and Hookload.
These results prove to be a great advantage in controlling the drilling direction and reaching the target zone in minimal time. The optimized machine learning model helped optimize rotatory drilling time, ROP, smoother wellbores, and Lower CPF overall.
Automation in Upstream Production Chemicals: Learning from Downstream
Authors: Grutters Mark , Shetty Sandeep , Brown Winthrop , Dunn Russell , Coadey Brendan 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
There is a growing demand for digital solutions to improve efficiency of oil & gas processing. The ultimate goal is digital platforms that connect multiple information sources, both software and hardware, to make better operational decisions and dramatically improve efficiency. Development of these holistic platforms is still relatively new, although various smaller applications of data digitization and equipment automation do exist. In this paper three field cases will be given to demonstrate the powerful benefits of data digitization and automation. Field Case 1 describes a data management tool that connects field data with SAP and LIMS. The customizable surveillance screens refresh with new laboratory data as soon as they are uploaded in LIMS, and show how water composition trends in relation to corrosion coupons help to optimize costs for corrosion inhibitor. Field Case 2 describes a completely autonomous injection skid to mitigate H2S in a well that requires periodic intervention for paraffin treatment. A scavenger is injected downhole at a dosage rate that is determined by real-time H2S analysers coupled with production flow data, and maintains a zero concentration of H2S at the well head. This novel solution improves personnel safety by enabling work-over crews to work under less hazardous conditions. Field Case 3 describes an automated system for a refinery cooling water system, where a single controller orchestrates five chemical injection pumps based on real-time input from multiple analysers and sensors. From these field cases it can be concluded that digitization and automation tools provide easy, cost- effective and powerful solutions to improve efficiency in oilfield operations. It enables field operators and managers to focus on value adding tasks. When the vast downstream experience of using sophisticated controllers, sensors and analysers is applied to upstream environments efficiency in oil & gas processing facilities can be further improved with lower human intervention.
An Investigation into Apparent Differences Between Injection Transmissibility and Falloff Transmissibility in Oil Reservoirs Subject to Water Injection
Authors: Rahman N M , Obathani Omar H 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
When water is injected into an oil reservoir, estimates of fluid transmissibility from the respective log-log plots show substantial differences between magnitudes out of injection and falloff models. This observation appears to be anomalous when compared to the cases of producing wells where there are no marked differences in transmissibility estimated from drawdown and buildup models. This study investigates the reason behind the differences in fluid transmissibility estimated from injection and falloff models.
We have developed high-resolution, numerical models to illustrate differences in log-log plots observed in the injection and falloff periods. To explain the anomalous behavior, we have reviewed the fundamental principle of superposition which is particularly applicable in production wells. However, we have found that the principle of superposition falls apart while applying during injection periods due to a lack of static equilibrium of the transmissibility distribution around the injection wells. In contrast, the principle of superposition is still applicable during the falloff period following a period of water injection. As a result, differences in injection and falloff models appear on the log-log plots.
The requirement of linearity on the part of the principle of superposition breaks down due to changing transmissibility in the vicinity of the injection wells during the injection periods. This invalidates the method of estimating the fluid transmissibility during the injection periods. But during the falloff periods, the transmissibility distribution in the reservoir gets back to its equilibrium condition. Hence the estimates of the mobility from the models during the falloff periods on the log-log plot are valid as demonstrated with isothermal and non-isothermal cases.
This study is to show how it is misleading in estimating the mobility from injection-pressure data contrary to conventional wisdom. With this knowledge, reservoir engineers will be able to steer clear of the trap of wrongful analysis of transient-pressure data.
Synthesis and SAR Studies of Antibacterial Peptidyl Derivatives Based upon the Binding Site of Human Cystatin C
Authors: Dzierżyńska Maria , Sikorska Emilia , Pogorzelska Aneta , Mulkiewicz Ewa , Sawicka Justyna , Wyrzykowski Dariusz , Małuch Izabela , Grubb Anders , Kasprzykowski Franciszek , Rodziewicz-Motowidło Sylwia 
Published: March 2019

Background:
Antibacterial peptidyl derivative - Cystapep 1, was previously found to be
active both against antibiotic-resistant staphylococci and streptococci as well as antibioticsusceptible
strains of these species. Therefore, it is a promising lead compound to search for new
antimicrobial peptidomimetics.

Objective:
We focused on identifying structural elements that are responsible for the biological
activity of Cystapep 1 and its five analogues. We tried to find an answer to the question about the
mechanism of action of the tested compounds. Therefore, we have investigated in details the possibility
of interacting these compounds with biological membrane mimetics.

Methods:
The subject compounds were synthesized in solution, purified and characterized by
HPLC and mass spectrometry. Then, the staphylococci susceptibility tests were performed and their
cytotoxicity was established. The results of Cystapep 1 and its analogues interactions with model
target were examined using the DSC and ITC techniques. At the end the spatial structures of the
tested peptidomimetics using NMR technique were obtained.

Results:
Antimicrobial and cytotoxicity tests show that Cystapep 1 and its peptidomimetic V are
good drug candidates. DSC and ITC studies indicate that disruption of membrane is not the only
possible mechanism of action of Cystapep 1-like compounds. For Cystapep 1 itself, a multi-step
mechanism of interaction with a negatively charged membrane is observed, which indicates other
processes occurring alongside the binding process. The conformational analysis indicated the presence
of a hydrophobic cluster, composed of certain side chains, only in the structures of active peptidomimetics.
This can facilitate the anchoring of the peptidyl derivatives to the bacterial membrane.

Conclusion:
An increase in hydrophobicity of the peptidomimetics improved the antimicrobial
activity against S. aureus, however there is no simple correlation between the biological activity
and the strength of interactions of the peptidyl with bacterial membrane.
Genotypic and Phenotypic Aspects of Longevity: Results from a Sicilian Survey and Implication for the Prevention and Treatment of Age-related Diseases
Authors: Accardi Giulia , Aprile Stefano , Candore Giuseppina , Caruso Calogero , Cusimano Rosanna , Cristaldi Laura , Di Bona Danilo , Duro Giovanni , Galimberti Damiano , Gambino Caterina Maria , Ligotti Mattia Emanuela , Mazzucco Walter , Vasto Sonya , Aiello Anna 
Published: March 2019

Background:It is well known that long living individuals are a model of successful ageing and that the identification of both genetic variants and environmental factors that predispose to a long and healthy life is of tremendous interest for translational medicine.Methods:We present the preliminary findings obtained from an ongoing study on longevity conducted on a sample of Sicilian long-lived individuals.Results:We review the characteristics of longevity in Sicily, taking into account lifestyle, environment, genetics, hematochemical values, body composition and immunophenotype. In addition, we discuss the possible implications of our data for the prevention and/or treatment of age-related diseases.Conclusion:As widely discussed in this review, the explanation of the role of genetics and lifestyle in longevity can provide important information on how to develop drugs and/or behaviours that can slow down or delay ageing. Thus, it will be possible to understand, through a “positive biology” approach, how to prevent and/or reduce elderly frailty and disability.
Climate change and tropical marine ecosystems: A review with an emphasis on coral reefs
Authors: Kleypas Joan A. Kleypas A. 
Published: March 2019

Climate change is usually associated with warming and weather extremes that impact the human environment and terrestrial systems, but it also has profound effects on the ocean, which is probably the most unique, life-supporting feature of planet Earth. The most direct consequence of rising CO2 concentration in the atmosphere is “ocean acidification,” a term that refers to the lowering of seawater pH, but encompasses a suite of chemical changes that affect marine organisms from shell formation, to reproduction, physiology, and behavior. The oceans are also warming in pace with the atmosphere, and in fact store the vast majority of the additional heat generated by rising CO2 and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. This warming is causing the more mobile marine species to redistribute poleward and deeper, and is causing high mortality in more sessile species such as those that build and habituate coral reefs. But warming is also leading to a decrease in dissolved oxygen in the oceans. For tropical marine ecosystems, the combination of ocean acidification, warming, and deoxygenation will continue to impact marine ecosystems in the future. The extent of these impacts depends on which energy pathway society follows, and our abilities to reduce other stressors and assist the rate at which species can adapt and migrate to more suitable environments.
Ecosistemas marinos antárticos después del rompimiento de barreras de hielo
Authors: Vernet María , Cape Mattias R. 
Published: March 2019

Los desprendimientos en las barreras de hielo antárticas proveen una oportunidad única para entender la evolución de ecosistemas costeros y las consecuencias de cambio global abrupto en altas latitudes. Los ecosistemas desarrollados debajo de las barreras de hielo han estado aislados de la atmósfera por miles de años y permanecen en gran medida desconocidos hasta el presente. Una de las regiones más activas al respecto es el este de la Península Antárctica donde varias barreras de hielo han ido desapareciendo en los últimos 100 años, en un gradiente de norte a sur. El evento más reciente fue el desprendimiento de un témpano gigantesco de 5.800 Km2 de la barrera Larsen C, denominado A68, el 12 de julio de 2017. Una vez que la barrera de hielo desaparece, las aguas subyacentes se encuentran expuestas a la atmósfera en condiciones para sostener crecimiento del fitoplancton. El carbono orgánico producido puede a su vez alimentar zooplancton y bentos y mantener una trama trófica marina. De esta manera, áreas previamente no productivas pueden ahora absorber dióxido de carbono y contribuir a la absorción del mismo por aguas oceánicas.
Reintroducing John Maurice Clark to the Accounting Academy
Authors: Collier Deirdre M. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT
This paper reintroduces economist John Maurice Clark to the accounting academic community while investigating his role in the development of managerial accounting. Clark was a prominent American economist during the early half of the 20th century, whose first major book, Studies in the Economics of Overhead Costs (Clark 1923a), has been described by diverse authors as foundational to the field of managerial accounting, especially overhead estimation and differential analysis. An overview of Clark's life is provided, followed by discussion of the importance of his work to accounting. Citation counts of his work in various accounting journals reveal that although widely referenced by accounting scholars for a short time after the publication of Overhead Costs, his name then disappeared from the literature, and indicates that his work is underappreciated. The paper discusses why this lacuna in accounting history is significant, and gives possible explanations for why Clark's work has been overlooked.
Do Nonprofessional Investors Care About How and When Data Breaches are Disclosed?
Authors: Cheng Xu (Joyce) , Walton Stephanie 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT
While prior research suggests that the market responds negatively to data breach disclosures, how nonprofessional investors assess factors surrounding these disclosures has only been assessed anecdotally. We examine whether investor judgments are influenced by whether a breached company is the first to disclose a data breach and whether a significant amount of time has lapsed between the breach and disclosure. We find evidence that investors respond to a company originating disclosure with lower investment judgments than if disclosure comes from an external source, without consistent regard to the timing of disclosure. We also find that investors make the least favorable investment judgments when the breached company initiates the data breach disclosure and when there is a significant delay between the data breach and initial public disclosure. Our study provides a greater understanding of one consequence of data breaches, that is, how timing and disclosure initiative influence nonprofessional investors' judgments.
JEL Classifications: G41; M41.
Analisis Pengaruh Intellectual Capital Terhadap Financial Performance dengan Competitive Advantage Sebagai Variabel Intervening
Authors: Isa Muzakar , Deviana Della Ariska 
Published: March 2019

Abstract : The purpose of this research are to analyze: (1) influence of intellectual capital to the competitive advantage; (2) influence of intellectual capital to the financial performance; (3) the mediating effect of competitive advantage in the relationship between intellectual capital and financial performance. The technique of the sample collection was purposive sampling and based on the determined criteria, so 21 companies which have met the criteria have been selected as samples. This research was casual comparative. The analysis used in this study includes classical assumption test, liniar regression analysis and path analysis. The result of this research show that: (1) Intellectual Capital has a significant and positive effect on Competitve Advantage; (2) Intellectual Capital significantly and positively influence on Financial Performance; (3) Competitive Advantage variabel is mediated Intellectual Capital to the Financial Performance. Keyword: Intellectual Capital, Financial Performance, Competitive AdvantageAbstraksi : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis: (1) pengaruh intellectual capital terhadap competitive advantage; (2) pengaruh intellectual capital terhadap financial performance; (3) pengaruh mediasi hubungan antara intellectual capital dan financial performance. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah purposive sampling dan berdasarkan kriteria yang ditentukan, sehingga diperoleh 21 perusahaan yang memenuhi kriteria. Penelitian ini termasuk kausal komparatif. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi uji asumsi klasik, analisis regresi linier dan analisis jalur. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Intellectual Capital mempunyai pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Competitive Advantage; (2) Intellectual Capital mempunyai pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap financial performance; (3) Competitive Advantage memediasi Intellectual Capital terhadap Financial Performance. Abstract
SISTEM KOMUNIKASI DALAM PEMBANGUNAN SOSIAL PASCA BENCANA
Authors: Badri Muhammad 
Published: March 2019

Indonesia merupakan daerah rawan bencana alam dan non alam seperti gempa bumi, tsunami, banjir, longsor, kebakaran hutan dan sebagainya. Menghadapi potensi bencana tersebut perlu ada upaya penanggulangan dengan melibatkan banyak pihak, mulai pemerintah, swasta, organisasi non pemerintah, dan masyarakat. Sistem komunikasi diperlukan agar kegiatan penanganan bencana lebih terkoordinasi dengan baik sehingga berjalan efektif dan efisien. Keterlibatan banyak pihak dalam penanganan bencana menunjukkan adanya sistem komunikasi yang berjalan baik secara alamiah maupun melalui intervensi kebijakan. Paradigma sistem komunikasi dalam penanganan bencana harus mengedepankan pemberdayaan masyarakat dibandingkan memberikan bantuan sesaat (charity). Sebagai sebuah sistem, antarelemen (subsistem) harus saling terkait dan berkoordinasi dalam penanganan pasca bencana mulai tanggap darurat, rehabilitasi dan rekonstruksi. Kegiatan yang dilakukan juga idealnya secara holistik di berbagai sektor secara berkelanjutan. Untuk itu model partisipatif merupakan strategi yang ideal dalam pembangunan sosial dengan tujuan jangka panjang untuk memulihkan kondisi sosial ekonomi masyarakat seperti semula.
Zorrilla a través de los documentos: un archivo virtual
Authors: García Joaquín Pérez 
Published: March 2019

Zorrilla a través de los documentos: un archivo virtual. Es un proyecto liderado por el Archivo Municipal de Valladolid, que se enmarca dentro de las actividades que se han desarrollado en la celebración del bicentenario del nacimiento del poeta vallisoletano José Zorrilla.
Este proyecto ha posibilitado la creación de un archivo virtual que integra documentos custodiados en múltiples instituciones archivísticas y bibliotecarias, las cuales tienen como nexo común dar a conocer a José Zorrilla, su vida, su obra o a la trascendencia de su figura.