bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the application of co-design to transformative service research
Authors: Hurley Erin , Trischler Jakob , Dietrich Timo 
Published: July 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate in a transformative service research (TSR) context how users can be involved through co-design and what contributions they can make during this process.

Design/methodology/approach
A six-step co-design process was used to plan and facilitate two co-design sessions that involved a total of 24 participants. The collected data include field notes, transcripts from group discussions, recordings of idea presentations and the evaluation of ideas.

Findings
A recruitment strategy that uses strong networks and sensitizes users through generating awareness of the underlying issue can prevent the waste of valuable resources. During the facilitation stage, experts need to find the fine line between close guidance and giving voice to the users. User-generated ideas set the starting point for new value propositions that more effectively support users in their value creation processes.

Research limitations/implications
The findings are limited to one specific sample and design task. Future research is required that investigates the application of co-design to other TSR contexts.

Practical implications
In TSR, organizations will need to follow a different co-design approach owing to the sensitive nature of the design task and/or users that are not driven by innovation-related motivations. Organizations should tap into their networks to raise awareness and recruit suitable participants. To capture users’ unique insights and foster the collective creativity, facilitation should focus on enabling participants through the use of design tools and team management.

Originality/value
The study contributes new insights into requirements, challenges and benefits of applying co-design to TSR contexts. The study shows that ordinary users, if empowered, can give important insights into the design of new value propositions.
Modeling sequential bargains and personalities in democratic deliberation systems
Authors: Nepomuceno Thyago Celso Cavalcante , de Moura Jadielson Alves , Costa Ana Paula Cabral Seixas 
Published: July 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to introduce a negotiation support system (NSS) with a theoretical modeling that considers the aspects of human personality and negotiator’s behavior to assist the decision-making of public managers and stakeholders in democratic bargaining processes and support social-efficient outcomes.

Design/methodology/approach
A game theoretical modeling of public participatory negotiations characterized by complete and perfect information is explored with the inclusion of personality aspects and negotiation styles. The importance of the negotiation knowledge disclosure in the sequential bargains of participative budgeting is highlighted by an experiment with 162 state-owned companies’ managers and graduate students to present the contribution of the system’s applicability.

Findings
A considerable number of Pareto-efficient deliberation agreements are obtained with few interactions when the negotiation strategies and the personality aspects of opponents and stakeholders are freely available (a symmetry in the public negotiation knowledge). In addition to the set of Pareto-efficient agreements, those with the best social outcome (i.e. that maximize the group satisfaction despite individual losses) are observed when the informational tool for personality and negotiation style inference is enabled.

Originality/value
Many scholars argue for Pareto-efficient allocation instead of equal divisions of resources within participative democracies and public governance. This work provides a new system with an empirical application and theoretical modeling which may support those arguments based on the nonverbal negotiation aspects.
Individual environmental scanning as a barrier to collective processes in organizations
Authors: Borges Natália Marroni , Janissek-Muniz Raquel 
Published: July 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to understand how illusion of control (IOC) can affect the implementation of formal processes of environmental scanning in organizations.Design/methodology/approachBased on the proposed research question, an exploratory study was chosen, which could collaborate with future studies. There were conducted three semi-structured interviews with CEOs working in medium/large technology companies.FindingsBehavioral traits were identified—such as overconfidence and underestimation of risks—which are directly related to the IOC’s theory. The belief that there is no added value to the company in adopting organizational strategic processes—such as environmental scanning—answers the research question and contributes to the development of new studies.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has as limitation the fact that it proposed the interviews to an inexpressive number of respondents, exclusively with the intention to explore better the relation between the IOC and the formal processes of environmental scanning.Practical implicationsThis research advances the understanding of the difficulty in adopting formal environmental scanning practices in organizations. It can also help understand the motivations of executives for adopting (or not adopting) such practices. Finally, it is possible to know and understand the individual approach to environmental scanning, as well as its limitations.Originality/valueThis research discusses the themes of IOC and environmental scanning, demonstrating how cognitive factors can affect strategic decision making in an organization. Although the IOC is well-developed in the field of psychology, it can be very helpful in understanding business management and executive behavior.
Robust and efficient vanishing point detection in unstructured road scenes for assistive navigation
Authors: Han Jiaming , Yang Zhong , Hu Guoxiong , Fang Ting , Xu Hao 
Published: July 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to propose a robust and efficient method for vanishing point detection in unstructured road scenes.

Design/methodology/approach
The proposed method includes two main stages: drivable region estimation and vanishing point detection. In drivable region estimation stage, the road image is segmented into a set of patches; then the drivable region is estimated by the patch-wise manifold ranking. In vanishing point detection stage, the LSD method is used to extract the straight lines; then a series of principles are proposed to remove the noise lines. Finally, the vanishing point is detected by a novel voting strategy.

Findings
The proposed method is validated on various unstructured road images collected from the real world. It is more robust and more efficient than the state-of-the-art method and the other three recent methods. Experimental results demonstrate that the detected vanishing point is practical for vision-sensor-based navigation in complex unstructured road scenes.

Originality/value
This paper proposes a patch-wise manifold ranking method to estimate the drivable region that contains most of the informative clues for vanishing point detection. Based on the removal of the noise lines through a series of principles, a novel voting strategy is proposed to detect the vanishing point.
Delaying conservation actions matters for species vulnerable to climate change
Authors: Naujokaitis‐Lewis Ilona , Pomara Lars Y. , Zuckerberg Benjamin 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Climate change vulnerability assessments are commonly used to identify species or populations at risk from global climate change, but few translate impact assessments to climate change adaptation actions. Furthermore, most climate change adaptation efforts emphasize where to implement management actions, whereas timing remains largely overlooked. The rate of modern climate change introduces urgency in evaluating whether delaying conservation actions compromises their efficacy for reaching important conservation targets.

We evaluated the importance of multiple climate change adaptation strategies including timing of actions on preventing extinctions for a threatened climate‐sensitive species, the Eastern Massasauga rattlesnake (Sistrurus catenatus). We parameterized a range‐wide population viability analysis model that related demographic sensitivities to drought events and human‐modified land cover to assess vulnerability to future climate change. Using simulations, we assessed the efficacy and trade‐offs associated with alternative climate adaptation strategies aimed at maximizing the number of future populations including when to initiate conservation actions, duration of management, number of managed populations, and local management effectiveness.

Population‐level projections under future climate change scenarios revealed a broad‐scale pattern of range contraction in the southwestern portion of the current range. Along the extinction gradient, we identified demographic strongholds and refugia critical for population persistence under climate change as well as populations at high risk of extinction and candidates for climate change adaptation actions.

In the context of future climate change, the timing of conservation actions was crucial; acting earlier maximized chances of achieving conservation targets. Even considering uncertainty in climate change projections, delaying actions was less efficient and introduced undesirable trade‐offs including the need to implement conservation actions for longer or targeting more populations to achieve a similar conservation target.

Synthesis and applications. Our findings highlight how acting quickly reduces risk and improves outcomes for a highly vulnerable species under future climate change. Climate change vulnerability assessments require translation of model‐based outputs into tractable information for climate change adaptation planning. Quantifying trade‐offs associated with the multidimensional decision space related to species conservation and recovery planning is a critical step in climate change adaptation.
Consequence of Elevated Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 Levels in Acute Kidney Injury, Renal Recovery and Overall Survival in Intensive Care Unit Patients After Major Surgery
Authors: Sakan Sanja , Premuzic Vedran , Bandic Pavlovic Daniela , Basic‐Jukic Nikolina 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe main goal of our study was to investigate the role of increased fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) levels on renal recovery and overall survival. We conducted a prospective case‐control cohort study, which included 121 adult cases who developed AKI after major surgical procedures. The subjects were followed‐up until the last enrolled patient survived 180 days or until the time of death. Higher FGF23 levels positively correlated with serum creatinine levels (P < 0.05). Significantly higher number of patients without diuresis and with FGF23 ≤ 709 RU/mL survived when compared to patients without diuresis and with FGF23 ≥ 709 RU/mL (P < 0.001). FGF23 levels >709 RU/mL were a good predictive tool for overall mortality in a 6‐month period (P < 0.05). This is the first study to analyze the impact of FGF23 values on short‐term renal recovery and survival of patients with AKI after major surgery. The FGF23 increase related to AKI especially in more severe stages and in patients without diuresis is an independent risk factor for mortality.
Effect of Neutral pH Icodextrin Peritoneal Dialysis Fluid on Mesothelial Cells
Authors: Higuchi Chieko , Kuriyma Junko , Sakura Hiroshi 
Published: July 2018

AbstractConventional acidic icodextrin peritoneal dialysate (CI) has low biocompatibility due to its low pH, and a neutral pH icodextrin dialysate (NI) was developed. The influence of NI on the peritoneum has not been clarified. The effects of the two dialysates on cultured rat mesothelial cells were examined. CI, but not NI, increased α‐smooth muscle actin, collagen type 1 and 3, and P21 mRNA expressions. CI with neutralized pH did not improve these harmful effects. With NI+ glucose degradation products (GDPs: same concentration as CI), mRNA expressions were comparable to those with NI alone. However, if NI + GDPs was acidified, mRNA levels matched those with CI. The proportion in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle was lower with CI than with NI stimulation. From these results, CI stimulated epithelial‐mesenchymal transition, fibrotic changes, inhibited cell growth, and induced cell senescence. These effects were attributed to the combined low pH and high GDPs.
Communicating health—Optimising young adults’ engagement with health messages using social media: Study protocol
Authors: Lombard Catherine , Brennan Linda , Reid Michael , Klassen Karen M. , Palermo Claire , Walker Troy , Lim Megan S.C. , Dean Moira , Mccaffrey Tracy A. , Truby Helen 
Published: July 2018

BackgroundObesity is a global health problem. Understanding how to utilise social media (SM) as a platform for intervention and engagement with young adults (YAs) will help the practitioners to harness this media more effectively for obesity prevention.AimCommunicating health (CH) aims to understand the use of SM by YAs, including Aboriginal YAs, and in doing so will improve the effectiveness of SM strategies to motivate, engage and retain YAs in interventions to reduce the risk of obesity, and identify and disseminate effective ways for health professionals to deliver obesity prevention interventions via SM.MethodsThe present study describes the theoretical framework and methodologies for the CH study, which is organised into four interrelated phases, each building on the outcomes of preceding phases. Phase 1 is a mixed methods approach to understand how YAs use SM to navigate their health issues, including healthy eating. Phase 2 utilises co‐creation workshops where YAs and public health practitioners collaboratively generate healthy eating messages and communication strategies. Phase 3 evaluates these messages in a real‐world setting. Phase 4 is the translation phase where public health practitioners use outcomes from CH to inform future strategies and to develop tools for SM for use by stakeholders and the research community.DiscussionThe outcomes will include a rich understanding of psychosocial drivers and behaviours associated with healthy eating and will provide insight into the use of SM to reach and influence the health and eating behaviours of YAs.
Capture enrichment of aquatic environmental DNA: A first proof of concept
Authors: Wilcox Taylor M. , Zarn Katherine E. , Piggott Maxine P. , Young Michael K. , McKelvey Kevin S. , Schwartz Michael K. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractEnvironmental DNA (eDNA) sampling—the detection of genetic material in the environment to infer species presence—has rapidly grown as a tool for sampling aquatic animal communities. A potentially powerful feature of environmental sampling is that all taxa within the habitat shed DNA and so may be detectable, creating opportunity for whole‐community assessments. However, animal DNA in the environment tends to be comparatively rare, making it necessary to enrich for genetic targets from focal taxa prior to sequencing. Current metabarcoding approaches for enrichment rely on bulk amplification using conserved primer annealing sites, which can result in skewed relative sequence abundance and failure to detect some taxa because of PCR bias. Here, we test capture enrichment via hybridization as an alternative strategy for target enrichment using a series of experiments on environmental samples and laboratory‐generated, known‐composition DNA mixtures. Capture enrichment resulted in detecting multiple species in both kinds of samples, and postcapture relative sequence abundance accurately reflected initial relative template abundance. However, further optimization is needed to permit reliable species detection at the very low‐DNA quantities typical of environmental samples (<0.1 ng DNA). We estimate that our capture protocols are comparable to, but less sensitive than, current PCR‐based eDNA analyses.
Economic Foundations of the Territorial State System
Authors: Acharya Avidit , Lee Alexander 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe contemporary world is organized into a system of territorial states in which rulers exercise authority inside clearly defined boundaries and recognize the authority of other rulers outside those boundaries. We develop a model to explain how the major economic and military developments in Europe starting in the fifteenth century contributed to the development of this system. Our model rationalizes the system as an economic cartel in which self‐interested and forward‐looking rulers maintain high tax revenues by reducing competition in the “market for governance.”
Building Bigness: Reputation, Prominence, and Social Capital in Rural South India
Authors: Power Eleanor A. , Ready Elspeth 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTAnthropologists have long been concerned with how reputations help people gain the support of others. Here, we study the support ties among adult residents of two Tamil villages, asking how reputational standing in each village mediates access to social support. We find that a reputation for influence has the weakest effect on support ties with others, while a reputation for generosity has the strongest. Further, a reputation for influence is not associated with greater connections to people of “high position” outside the village. Given the weak effects of a reputation for influence, we turn to a network measure of social capital, weighted PageRank centrality. While persons who are recognized as influential often also have an influential network position, there are many others who have similarly high centrality—including, notably, many women. Consequently, we suggest that much of the anthropological evidence for the benefits of prominence may actually reflect the returns to greater social capital and that both may be shaped in large part by acts of generosity and mutual support. By studying social capital, we can achieve a more complete accounting of the many different social strategies employed by all persons, not simply the few who achieve prominence. [reputation, social capital, network analysis, prominence, India]
Blueprints for the rational design of therapeutic mutacin 1140 variants
Authors: Kers Johan A. , Sharp R. Eryl , Muley Sheela , Mayo Melissa , Colbeck Jeffrey , Zhu Yihui , DeFusco Anthony W. , Park Jae H. , Handfield Martin 
Published: July 2018

AbstractLantibiotics represent a large untapped pipeline of attractive scaffolds for the development of novel antibiotics. Saturation mutagenesis was employed to substitute every amino acid of a lantibiotic called mutacin 1140 (MU1140), creating an unbiased expression library of 418 variants that was used to study the permissiveness to mutagenesis and the “drugability” of several compounds. Contrasting previous reports, the results from this study supported that not all residues involved in lanthionine bridge formation were critical for maintaining optimal activity. While substitutions in lanthionine bridges in Ring A, C, and D invariably lead to inactive variants, permissive substitutions in Abu8 and Ala11 (Ring B) were observed, albeit infrequently. Further, the data generated suggested that the unsaturated bond from Dha5 (Ser5) may not be critically involved in Lipid‐II binding but still important for conferring optimal activity. This study identified additional permissive mutations of Ser5, including Ser5His, Ser5Met, Ser5Gln, and Ser5Leu. In contrast, no permissive substitutions were identified for Dhb14, which suggested that this residue may be critical for optimal activity. Novel blueprints are proposed for directing further development of MU1140 variants and other lantibiotics, which may enable the rational design, development, manufacture, and formulation of an entirely new class of anti‐infectives.
Peri‐implant tissue healing at implants with different designs and placement protocols: An experimental study in dogs
Authors: Oskarsson Monika , Otsuki Motohiro , Welander Maria , Abrahamsson Ingemar 
Published: July 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo compare the peri‐implant tissue response to subcrestal or crestal placement of implants with or without “platform‐switched” implant/abutment connections.Material and methodsOn each side of the mandible in six Labrador dogs, two “platform‐switched” (PS) implants and two implants with matching implant/abutment diameters (PM) were placed in a crestal or a 1.5 mm subcrestal position. Sulcus formers/abutments were connected, baseline radiographs obtained and the distance between the abutment‐fixture junction (A/F) and the marginal bone level (B) was determined. Five months later, radiographic and clinical examinations were repeated and biopsies were obtained and processed for histological analysis.ResultsThe radiographic analysis showed that marginal bone level changes occurred during the first observation period (13 weeks). PS‐implants showed minor marginal bone level alterations during the full observation period (20 weeks), regardless of placement depth. For PM‐implants, placement had a significant impact on bone level changes; crestal placement resulted in a mean bone loss of 0.4 mm and subcrestal placement in a 1.5 mm bone loss. The histometric measurements resulted in a distance A/F‐B of 0.6 and 0.0 mm for PS implants, placed in a crestal or subcrestal position, respectively. The corresponding distance at PM‐implants was 1.5 mm irrespective of placement protocol. The peri‐implant mucosa was thicker at subcrestally placed implants as compared to a crestal placement.ConclusionsBone remodeling occurred within the early healing phase. During the full 20 weeks of observation, PS‐implants demonstrated significantly less crestal bone loss compared to PM‐implants.
Use of ambiguous detections to improve estimates from species distribution models
Authors: Louvrier Julie , Molinari‐Jobin Anja , Kéry Marc , Chambert Thierry , Miller David , Zimmermann Fridolin , Marboutin Eric , Molinari Paolo , Müeller Oliver , Černe Rok , Gimenez Olivier 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAs large carnivores recover throughout Europe, their distribution needs to be studied to determine their conservation status and assess the potential for human‐carnivore conflicts. However, efficient monitoring of many large carnivore species is challenging due to their rarity, elusive behavior, and large home ranges. Their monitoring can include opportunistic sightings from citizens in addition to designed surveys. Two types of detection errors may occur in such monitoring schemes: false negatives and false positives. False‐negative detections can be accounted for in species distribution models (SDMs) that deal with imperfect detection. False‐positive detections, due to species misidentification, have rarely been accounted for in SDMs. Generally, researchers use ad hoc data‐filtering methods to discard ambiguous observations prior to analysis. These practices may discard valuable ecological information on the distribution of a species. We investigated the costs and benefits of including data types that may include false positives rather than discarding them for SDMs of large carnivores. We used a dynamic occupancy model that simultaneously accounts for false negatives and positives to jointly analyze data that included both unambiguous detections and ambiguous detections. We used simulations to compare the performances of our model with a model fitted on unambiguous data only. We tested the 2 models in 4 scenarios in which parameters that control false‐positive detections and true detections varied. We applied our model to data from the monitoring of the Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) in the European Alps. The addition of ambiguous detections increased the precision of parameter estimates. For the Eurasian lynx, incorporating ambiguous detections produced more precise estimates of the ecological parameters and revealed additional occupied sites in areas where the species is likely expanding. Overall, we found that ambiguous data should be considered when studying the distribution of large carnivores through the use of dynamic occupancy models that account for misidentification.