bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Data Quality Management from Laboratory Aspects
Authors: Yonebayashi Hideharu , Miyagawa Yoshihiro , Matsui Ryoichi , Sunaba Toshiyuki 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
As a part of data quality management in our laboratory, experimental apparatus designs and work places were modified and improved to protect expensive experimental apparatus from natural disasters such as earthquake, lightning damage and voltage surge due to a local heavy rain. Those are commonly caused in our laboratory location: Tokyo, Japan. The disaster resistant designs can keep data quality and avoid repairing costs. E&P experiments are costly carried out using valuable samples such as reservoir fluids and cores. Furthermore, an experiment consists of many stages and its total workload including a preparatory work is huge. Therefore, experimental data should be surely obtained with keeping sufficient high quality and avoiding accidental damage of expensive apparatus due to local disasters. A lesson learned from our long-term successful case are useful for laboratory apparatus design and operation.
In an earthquake-resistant design, large or heavy apparatus were placed with many types of fixing components such as rigid frame connected with fixed wall, outrigger and wheel stopper. To date, no experimental apparatus damage and data deterioration during measurements were reported more than 20 years in our laboratory.
Accidental voltage surge often causes near our laboratory area when sudden downpours and/or lightning hit. In our laboratory-locating area, it is most frequently prone to occur such disasters in Japan; for example, +1000 lightening and +200 sudden downpours annually. The former is concentrated to August and the latter disaster occurs in summer (July to September). Based on past performance and mid-term forecasts of those disaster, experimental schedule is often adjusted so that a crucial experimental stage will be carried out except such frequent disaster duration. Particularly, an operational counter measure is important for apparatus that have risks to fail when accidental voltage surge occurs. To avoid it, more careful attention should be paid to experimental schedule by taking long-term weather information into account. Consequently, our prevenient measures successfully achieved no crucial damage of experimental apparatus and schedule delaying due to lightning surges except one minor accident during recent decade.
Furthermore, a highly-sensitive measurement such as electron probe micro analyzer (EPMA) requires careful damping control for traffic vibration to maintain accuracy. In a damping design, the EPMA is placed in independent location from the construction floor on the building's foundation. This provides sufficient data quality since the installation.
Responding to Oil Spill of Inland River Water Crossing Pipeline: Successfully Handles Oil Spill
Authors: Luan Guohua , Chu Shengli , Li Xin , Wang Lei 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Since 2005, more than 250 oil spill accidents have occurred in coastal areas and rivers in China, and the risk of oil spill accidents is higher. When oil spill is occurring, it will harm the river water and even normal life of nearby residents. As such, the challenges faced in responding to oil spill of inland river water crossing pipeline merit wider discussion. The Yellow River is a very important river in China and is a high risk area for oil spill due to the leakage of crude oil in across pipeline. Based on the hydrodynamic model, 12 kinds of oil spill scenarios are simulated by MIKE21 OilSpill module, and the influence of wind, water and leakage position on the oil spill drift and diffusion pattern is analyzed. According to the simulation results and the river’s own characteristics, nine Key Sections of Emergency Disposal (KSED) in high-risk waters are obtained, and effective emergency response time of different critical sections which are given to provide technical support for oil spill emergency preparedness work. Results show that the influence of different water phases and leakage location on spill velocity is relatively large. The diffusion velocity of oil spill in flood season is much higher than that in dry season. When leakage point is in the middle position, oil spill velocity is the fastest, followed by the south bank and the North bank. The influence of wind period on the diffusion rate of oil spill is relatively weak, which has a certain effect on the shape of oil spill contaminated zone. When strong wind, flood season and middle position leakage occur, oil spill diffuses fastest with water flow drift, and oil spill emergency disposal is most difficult. According to the need of oil spill emergency preparedness, the easily accessible sluice and bridge structures are selected as the KSED treatment in the length of the river reach studied. The time to reach the KSED of the spillway front is calculated by simulation. Because of the accuracy of the simulation results of this model on key sections of emergency disposal and effective emergency disposal time, Lanzhou Petrochemical Company successfully handled a large-scale oil spill practice. These successful oil spill simulation technology and practice cases about responding to oil spill prove its feasibility. The accuracy of KSED and effective emergency disposal time will be able to provide a new promising responding method to control oil spill pollution.
Toward Smooth Transition of Block Operatorship in Dealing with Environmental Issues
Authors: Cahyono Bakhtiar Nofti 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Oil & gas block operatorship may change as the block's agreement contract changes. The changing executions expected to have smooth transition between current operator to the upcoming operator since it may interfere performance of safety, environment, health, efficiency, reliability, production, and workforce. Focusing in environmental issues, there are some steps that called ‘SAFE’, i.e. consist of Scoping, Assessment, Follow up action, and Ensure. ‘SAFE’ is risk-based liabilities approach that involve both operators (current & the upcoming) and may assisted by Government agency. Scoping is to define petroleum agreement requirement, the areas/locations, production facilities status, environmental related facilities, supporting facilities, environmental audit result, environmental performance, permitting & reporting requirements, allegation of contamination records, and enforcement documents. Scoping conducted by desktop documents review and field visit if necessary. Result of the scoping is more precise high-level list of concern items to focus on for further Assessment. On Assessment step, all identified concern items assessed further with methods, liability, Role & Responsibility, and budget to have more reliable and accurate of risk calculation (risk revalidation). Methods describe how to conduct the assessment such as workshop, coordination meeting, site visit, aerial photography analysis etc. Liability of selected item to understand whether closure of past and present liabilities have been performed and also mitigation for identified potential future liabilities have been secured to avoid future potential conflict of liability between operators. Liability cover of compliance, remediation, fines & penalties, compensation, punitive damages, and natural resource damages. Role & responsibility to define who does what and how on when and who is responsible for the closure actions. Budget to quantify the environmental risk. All the items under the Assessment step considered to perform risk revalidation. Result of the assessment (recommendation) then follow up by actions to mitigate the potential risk. It may need physical activities such as facilities decommissioning and clean up, further environmental study, government bureaucracy approval, agreement of environmental procedure sharing etc. Follow up action require regular tracking progress status in serial times. At the last step, ensure all identified high and medium risk mitigated as low as reasonably practicable (ALARP) remaining risk. Finally, conducting ‘SAFE’ thoroughly for all identified risks, both operators may have clear role & responsibility, focus utilizing the resources, compete with the deadline time, avoid dispute liabilities post the transition date, and ensure continuity of environmental compliance.
The Optimal TeleHealth Solution for Remote Sites
Authors: Teo David , Kumarasamy Devan 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The technological advance in Telemedicine; we see a flood of Telecommunication equipment into the market; utilizing less bandwidth and jump in data transfer speed; and miniaturizing of POC (Point of Care) Diagnostic and Treatment Equipment.
Each day, more Telemedicine equipment is entering the market and companies are enticed by the "latest and savvy’ Telemedicine equipment with heavenly promises.
Companies that think that they require Telemedicine would then grab these new technologies when they enter the market without a systematic review of what is their requirement and what fits their requirement. Once the purchase order has been done and equipment delivered to the site; issues like registration of the equipment with the Country Ministry of Health and in some cases endorsement of international standards; e.g. FDA or OSHA compliance, inter-operability with other equipment and data security may be raised with no answers.
Latest expensive technology may be great but it may not fit the requirement and the operating scenario of the user.
This paper looks into a simple way of stratification of Telemedicine for remote health and also the factors that need to be considered before adopting of any new Telemedicine equipment.
Insights into Eco-Friendly and Conventional Drilling Additives: Applications, Cost Analysis, Health, Safety, and Environmental Considerations
Authors: Al-Hameedi Abo Taleb , Alkinani Husam H. , Dunn-Norman Shari , Albazzaz Hussien W. , Alkhamis Mohammed M. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Drilling fluid additives play an important role in drilling engineering. Drilling fluids assist in transporting the cuttings to the surface, control formation pressure, and cool the bit. The most common fluid additives that are used in drilling fluids are the chemical additives such as barite, bentonite, caustic soda and many more. Each chemical additive has its own set of applications. Chemical additives are used for rheological properties, filtration controls, and many more. These traditional chemical additives give promising results, but they have some side effects that are commonly ignored. These side effects include cost, health, safety, and environmental concerns.
This paper presents a new alternative for drilling fluid additives which are the food waste products that are discarded by people. The main objective is to be able to use food waste products as drilling fluid additives to improve the mud rheological properties and avoid any environmental issues that are commonly caused by conventional chemical additives. The food waste products are available everywhere and are easily accessible making them a good candidate for further investigation. The cost of food waste products is less compared to the cost of chemical additives and food waste products are friendlier to the environment. The average total cost of drilling operations is expensive, and part of that expense includes the cost of drilling fluids, which is also generally high. By using food waste products, the total cost for drilling operations reduces, providing a better economic solution. Food waste products account for about 8.2% of greenhouse gas emissions and they can be utilized for better uses such as drilling fluid additives. It is also generally safer to handle food waste in comparison with chemical additives as some chemical additives have hazards that require proper equipment in order to be handled.
Food waste products have the potential to compete with traditional chemical additives and they might be a good alternative. Several investigations have been carried out by people using food waste products. From the previous work and experiments carried out by people, it has shown that food waste products generally improve the mud rheological properties and fluid loss control. From the previous work, there are several shortcomings that can be avoided suggesting more evaluations. Further investigation and experiments should be carried out to gain more information and results of food waste products as a drilling fluid additive in order to be used for future drilling projects.
Redefining Confined Space Safety: A Case Study
Authors: Dowd Darrell , Daher Elie 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Confined Space work is one of the most challenging aspects of a maintenance project. Accidents can occur if potential hazards such as fire, elevated temperatures, gas, fumes, vapor, lack of oxygen or limitations to movement are not properly managed. This considerable level of danger calls for extra safety measures that consist of a safety watch who monitors the entry and maintains communication with the workers inside. However, the duties of the attendant are restricted to the outside of the vessel. So how does safety extend to the activities inside the confined space?
A solution was designed that combines gas detection, video surveillance, two-way communication, access control and a command center to improve safety while improving productivity and reducing costs. If an injury occurs inside the vessel, under existing processes, the Safety Attendant is alerted by another worker or via a lack of communication with the injured worker. The attendant then radios for a rescue team. With this innovation, owners no longer require a safety attendant and the safety operators monitoring the command center can see the issue and communicate directly with the injured worker. First responders or rescue team are alerted directly.
Through the combination of real-time gas detection, cameras with day/night vision installed outside and inside vessels, video recording and two-way communication, the innovation delivers and stores data useful in alerting workers of hazardous environments, providing video evidence of safe behaviors, enables operators to see work inside the vessels real time, and stores valuable video and overlaid gas data logs to protect against future liabilities. The system can be utilized in trainings or investigations, enables personnel in the vessel to communicate with personnel offsite through the command center, allows for remote correction of safety practices, controls access to the confined space or facilitates faster response to emergencies. The innovation saves significant costs to owners through the elimination of safety watch and the resulting costs and liabilities of these personnel on site. Further cost savings will be achieved through smoother operation of the permit process, improved communication with workers in confined spaces, and enhancements to productivity.
A product of collaboration between technology and safety expertise, the innovation revolutionizes the role of the safety watch, enhances safety and productivity, and reduces costs for the owner. The paper will discuss examples and provide data on the potential savings resulting from the implementation of the technology. This paper will also discuss further enhancements include body cameras, monitoring of employee wellbeing and facility access control. This is the path to the technical turnaround of the future.
Online Fixed Tank Volatile Organic Content Calculation and Reporting
Authors: Zainal Abidin Shahrul Azman , Khairi Azlina , Abdul Karim Lukman , Khairil Hing Azleen Azna 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Tank emission calculation is normally performed offline and manual data gathering from various tanks could be a timely and inefficient task. This paper presents iCON first principal process simulation software, used to perform tank emission calculations by leveraging on its existing extensive database of all process simulation models and chemical components physical property. Hence, a lot of operation cost is saved by eliminating the need for inventory sampling activity for each tank. This paper also will discuss online tank emission work processes to make it sustainable. iCON Tank Emission complies to United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors (AP-42) Fifth Edition Chapter 7 Liquid Storage Tanks that covers fixed roof tanks (vertical and horizontal) and floating roof tanks (internal, external and domed) with respective combination of roof, shell, rim seal, fittings and breather vent settings. It is also linked to monthly Malaysian Climate Condition that covers domestic municipals temperature (minimum and maximum), Solar Irradiance Factor and wind speed that improves the tank emission calculation accuracy. iCON Tank Emission lets users calculate thousands of tank emission simultaneously by using iCON communication (COM) interface feature and displays the results in monthly and yearly summary for report standardization among multiple business units. The average simulation convergence time is 100 tanks simultaneous calculation per minute making it time efficient for HSE engineers to perform strict monthly calculation and reporting. Case studies and what if scenarios could also be run in effort to reduce tank emission via introduction of vapor recovery and optimizing tank mechanical parameters i.e. type of rim seal, color and fittings selection. iCON Online Tank Emission is working through linking iCON model with real time plant information data for real time tank emission calculation which is transparent to management and regulators. The findings from this compositional first principles thermodynamic base tank emission simulation study are considered more efficient, faster and cheaper than conventional method.
Web-Based Environmental Impact Assessment EIA Application for Big Data Management
Authors: Jeerapornchai Ortip , Chonchirdsin Surasak , Pornsakulsakdi Lawan 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Management of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study and information for long period and complicated operation is one of challenge in brown field operation, an application to establish an efficient and effective tool for communication and monitoring can assist involved parties in the process to acquire the consistence data for appropriated management. The scope of application comprised of the e-database of huge numbers EIA reports, tracking & monitoring system, available EIA laws, regulations, knowledge management and EIA information checklists for that data management.
Regulation of Thailand on EIA report and study as well as users’ requirements are gathered for term of reference and basic criteria on web-based structuring design. That design framework was prepared by IT and Digital team and presented to users for feedback, recommendation and integrating for further development. Once the application is completed and finalized, the rollout is deployed to all action parties to be aware of the function-abilities and further actions required.
The function ability of EIA Data Base is composed of 1) e-Database: the data migration of reports is systematically kept in SharePoint with searching tool function. 2) Tracking System: the key information which potentially deviate will be extracted and input in the application. 3) Service Request with EIA Information Required Checklist. This application is a single channel or platform of all EIA matters for data consistency with tracking system to notify appropriated action. In addition, storage of e-EIA database in this application can prevent the loss of document and reduce environment impact by the paperless system of digital information.
High Rise Building Evacuation: Saving Lives vs. Business Continuity
Authors: Mohamed Noh Kairul Zaman , Shamsi Saira Hanim , Foo Siang Choon 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The complexity of high rise buildings poses challenges in the event of evacuation. The multiple floors of staircases, longer egress times and large number of tenants determine the success of a complete evacuation. Most high rise buildings are well equipped with state-of-the-art safety systems. Nevertheless, untoward disasters can still occur, ranging from fires to terrorist attacks. The readiness of tenants is an area of importance as this can delay the overall course of evacuation. Identifying the causes of common delay of tenants is elemental to continuously improve evacuation rate in the event of emergencies. In view of the increased number of terrorist attacks globally in recent years, high rise building is consistently on alert as it is usually a prime target. Therefore, carrying out evacuation drill is indeed paramount to emergency preparedness. Series of full scale and functional evacuation drills are conducted at the highest twin towers in the world, PETRONAS Twin Towers (PeTT) and Tower 3. Furthermore, PeTT include various type of businesses and tenants e.g. offices, shopping mall, large underground parking bay, as well as recreational and leisure facilities. A study to look into the tenants’ behaviours was carried out in concurrence with the evacuation drill. The purpose of the study is to identify the common behaviours that contributed to the delay of the overall evacuation time. Information pertaining to the common behaviours were gathered through observation and post-mortem findings. The information obtained from this study is necessary for PeTT to continuously improve its emergency response preparedness. The series of drills are also carried out to test the Business Interruption and Continuity preparedness, e.g. activation and mobilisation of Business Continuity Teams (BCT), activation of Alternate Work Site (AWS), readiness of ICT, as well as the response time in order to reactivate the critical business functions. This paper will focus on the study conducted based on the emergency evacuation exercise carried out on 10th July 2017, mainly on the behaviours of the tenants.
Environmental Mainstreaming for Self-Regulation EMSR
Authors: Ungku Mohamed Tahir Ungku Haslina , Ab Shatar Mohd Azhar , Wan Aziz Wan Azlina 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This paper provides an overview of PETRONAS experience in implementing Environmental Mainstreaming for Self-Regulation (EMSR) since 2016. The commitment to mainstream environment is amplified through self-regulation approach with focus on key environmental management areas such as air emissions, water and hazardous waste management. As per the Department of Environment (DOE) Environmental Mainstreaming Directive, seven (7) EMSR critical elements were applied and mapped against existing PETRONAS HSE Management System (HSE MS) with intent to facilitate implementation effectiveness.
One of the key success factors achieved was the completion of specific/customised requirements to support each of the seven (7) critical elements; carried out in collaboration with DOE. The collaboration resulted in a consistent understanding between PETRONAS and DOE (as the Authority) on the elements’ interpretation for implementation. As a result, EMSR performance to-date is at satisfactory level with continuous improvements identified to sustain compliance with local regulatory requirements. This imparts PETRONAS’ commitment in upholding reputation as a responsible company in maintaining regulatory compliance on business operations, striving for operational excellence and supporting license to grow.