bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Transthoracic Device Closure and Surgical Repair with Right Submammary or Right Infra-axillary Thoracotomy for Perimembranous VSD
Authors: Lin Ze-Wei , Hong Zhi-Nuan , Cao Hua , Zhang Gui-Can , Chen Liang-Wan , Yu Ling-Li , Zhang Qi-Liang , Chen Qiang 
Published: June 2018

Background Transthoracic device closure (TTDC) and surgical repair with right infra-axillary thoracotomy (SRRIAT) or with right submammary thoracotomy (SRSMT) are all the primary alternative treatments for restrictive perimembranous ventricular septal defect (pmVSD). However, few studies have compared them in terms of effectiveness and complications.
Methods Patients with restrictive pmVSD undergoing TTDC, or SRRIAT, or SRSMT from March 2016 to February 2017 were retrospectively reviewed in our cardiac center. There were no differences in age (1.3 ± 1.2 vs 1.1 ± 1.1 vs 1.2 ± 1.1 years), gender (35/37 vs 30/33 vs 29/29), body weight (8.3 ± 2.6 vs 8.2 ± 2.4 vs 8.1 ± 2.5 kg), and size of VSD (4.2 ± 1.1 vs 5.2 ± 1.3 vs 5.1 ± 1.2 mm) distribution between the three groups.
Results The procedure success rates were similar in the three groups. The TTDC group had the shortest operative time, postoperative mechanical ventilation time, duration of intensive care, postoperative length of hospital stay, medical cost, and length of the incision. There were no significant differences in terms of operative time, aortic cross-clamping time, duration of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), blood transfusion volume, mechanical ventilation time, duration of intensive care, duration of hospital stays, pleural fluid drainage, or cost between the SRSMT and SRRIAT groups. No significant differences were noted in terms of major adverse events.
Conclusions TTDC, SRRIAT, and SRSMT all showed excellent outcomes and cosmetic appearances for selected VSD patients. TTDC had advantages over SRRIAT and SRSMT in terms of short operation duration and smaller incision size and shorter durations of intensive care and hospital stays.
Comparison of Scientific Publications from Three Different Clinical Disciplines of German Universities
Authors: Schwarzer Michael , Alscher Leonhard , Doenst Torsten 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Background Scientific publications are important for the advancement in medicine. Surgical disciplines including cardiac surgery are frequently considered not scientifically leading. However, a specific comparison between surgical and nonsurgical disciplines has not yet been performed. We thus compared scientific output of German departments of cardiac surgery with nonsurgical cardiology departments and surgical departments not addressing the heart (general surgery) of 34 universities in Germany.
Methods For each university, the personnel working at the different departments were identified on the internet homepage in 2014. We searched for publications of these persons in 2011 to 2013 on PubMed, identified author position, coauthors, and type of article, as well as journal impact factor (JIF).
Results There were 931 academic persons in cardiac surgery, 1,486 in general surgery, and 1,814 in cardiology with 12,096 publications related to these persons on PubMed. Cardiology published most manuscripts, including manuscripts from research conducted (first author), initiated (senior author), or both. Cardiac surgery had the least publications and had fewer authors from other departments or institutions. The average JIF was higher in cardiology compared with the two surgical disciplines. However, relating the number of publications to the number of employees in the departments, the differences were no longer apparent.
Conclusion We conclude that the number of publications in German universities appears to be a function of the number of academic personnel and not of the discipline. The lower JIFs in surgery may be due to the smaller surgical fields and/or due to less high impact interdisciplinary/interinstitutional publications in surgery.
Temporal Evolution and Management of Fast Flow Vascular Anomalies in PTEN Hamartoma Tumor Syndrome
Authors: Yoo Raphael , Chau Alex , Ashton Daniel , Margolin Judith , Iacobas Ionela , Pimpalwar Sheena 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPhosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS) is characterized by formation of recurrent benign tumors described as PTEN hamartoma of soft tissue that may contain fast flow vascular anomalies (FFVA). The purpose of this study is to review the temporal evolution and management of FFVA in PHTS. A retrospective review of 22 patients (9 males), age 1 to 18 (median 9) years diagnosed with PHTS at a tertiary care pediatric hospital between October 2002 and August 2017 revealed 4 patients with FFVA. Imaging, management, and treatment complications were reviewed. During median follow-up of 8 (range: 4–13) years, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging performed for recurrent pain, showed progressive increase in the size of hamartomas and development of new FFVA in three-fourth patients. Medical management included pain medications, oral sirolimus, and physical and psychiatric therapy. Surgical excision of hamartoma (n = 1) resulted in recurrence within 3 months. Between 4 and 24 (average 1.5/year) embolizations were performed per patient. Pain related to FFVA responded well to embolization. Pain secondary to PTEN hamartoma responded poorly to percutaneous sclerosant injection, but demonstrated improvement with sirolimus. There was no correlation between serum sirolimus levels and frequency/timing of recurrence of FFVA/hamartoma. Complications included sclerosant migration into digital arteries (n = 1), subclavian vein stenosis due to glue migration (n = 1), oral mucositis (n = 4), and elevated triglycerides (n = 4). Patients with PHTS present with recurrent pain requiring life-long management with a multi-disciplinary team. Pain due to FFVA responds to embolization, and pain due to hamartoma responds to sirolimus. This improves quality of life, but does not prevent disease progression.
Intraoperative Mapping of the Subfascial Plexus Using the Transillumination Method for Head and Neck Reconstruction with Free Style Anterolateral Thigh Flaps
Authors: Huang Jen-Wu , Huang Chih-Sheng , Wu Szu-Hsien , Shih Yu-Chung , Lin Yi-Ying , Perng Cherng-Kang 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWithout well recognizing the vascular territories of the perforator, surgery might damage the pedicle and diminish flap survival. This study described a transillumination method for intraoperative mapping of the subfascial plexus of the perforator in the head and neck reconstruction with an anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap and also compared the perioperative outcomes and complications of the method with those of the conventional two-pedicle ALT flap. Between January 2011 and December 2017, 26 patients who underwent head and neck reconstruction with ALT flaps were evaluated as follows: 13 underwent the transillumination method (case group), and 13 (age- and sex-matched) underwent standard two-pedicle flap procedures (control group). Demographic factors, diagnosis, flap size, recipient site, perioperative data, and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups. There was no significant difference in age, sex, diagnosis, recipient sites, and flap size between the case and control groups. Regarding the perioperative outcomes, the harvesting time was significantly shorter in the case group than in the control group (60 vs. 100 minutes, p < 0.001). The operative time was shorter in the case group than in the control group, but this difference was not statistically significant (300 vs. 420 minutes, p = 0.058). The transillumination method can allow plastic surgeons to easily identify the perforator vascular plexus of the ALT flap, which facilitates intraoperative flap design in head and neck reconstruction.
French anthroponyms as a heterogeneous category
Authors: Elmiger Daniel 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn natural languages, personal nouns (e.g.,madame, ministre) are used very frequently and it is usually not very difficult to identify and interpret them in texts. If one tries to define them more precisely, however, one is confronted with a series of challenges. This contribution gives an overview of several types of difficulties that can be observed when trying to establish distinctions between personal nouns and other words. They are related to lexical differences between (personal) nouns and (personal) names, the referential boundaries of humanness, some morphological and semantic properties of French personal names, their syntactic behavior as personal nouns in French as well as the types of predications that may be used in order to distinguish between personal noun use and other uses.1
Hedging in political interviewing
Authors: Ponterotto Diane 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This study presents an analysis of hedging strategies employed by the former president of the United States, Barack Obama, in political interviewing. Using a discourse-analytic procedure, the study investigates a corpus of 22 press interviews and verifies the presence of hedging-related discursive strategies in the President’s responses. It also identifies four specific interrelated discourse moves: ‘Reformulating the interviewer’s question’, ‘Expanding the scope of the original question sequence’, ‘Switching the time frame of the question context’, ‘Recasting the question reference from specific to general terms’. It is suggested that President Obama manages to avoid explicit responses to questions about controversial issues through hedging strategies, which shift the focus of the interviewer’s question to different interrogative formats, time frames and reference perspectives.
Does a corpus informed analysis provide any insights as to why Robert Phillipson’s theory of Linguistic Imperialism is labelled by some as a conspiracy theory?
Authors: Thornton Sean 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis paper uses the corpus tools DOTA and WordSmith to see if they can provide any indication as to why some label Phillipson’s theory of Linguistic Imperialism as a conspiracy theory. The tools were applied to multiple corpora composed of texts drawn from: Phillipson’s works, conspiracy theory books, and a control corpus of general academic papers. The quantitative data generated was subjected to a corpus informed qualitative analysis with the tools being applied to facilitate a corpus-assisted discourse study of Linguistic Imperialism.
Nowruz
Authors: Shariati Ali 
Published: June 2018

In Esfand of 1346 (March 1967) the history students of the university went to Iraq on a scientific excursion. I had planned to accompany them, but at the last moment, “destiny” (!) ruled otherwise. Because they were to celebrate Nowruz on the trip, by the request of my dear colleagues, I composed this article upon their departure, so that it might be read in that assembly.And now, in commemoration of that “incident“! … .It is difficult to say something new about Nowruz. It is a national festival, and everyone knows what a national festival is. Nowruz takes place and is spoken of every year. Much has been told and much you have heard. Then is repetition appropriate?! Yes it is! Doesn't Nowruz repeat itself? Then you should attend to what is repeatedly said of Nowruz. In science and literature, repetition is boring and useless.
Seave: a comprehensive web platform for storing and interrogating human genomic variation
Authors: Gayevskiy Velimir , Roscioli Tony , Dinger Marcel E , Cowley Mark J 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Motivation
Genome sequencing has had a remarkable impact on our ability to study the effects of human genetic variation, however, variant interpretation remains the major bottleneck. Understanding the potential impact of variants, including structural variants, requires extensive annotation from disparate sources of knowledge, and in silico prediction algorithms.

Results
We introduce Seave, an intuitive web platform that enables all types of variants to be securely stored, annotated and filtered. Variants are annotated with allele frequencies and pathogenicity assessments from many popular databases and in silico pathogenicity prediction scores. Seave enables filtering of variants with specific inheritance patterns, including somatic variants, by quality, allele frequencies and gene lists which can be curated and saved. Seave was made for whole genome data and is capable of storing and querying copy number and structural variants.

Availability and implementation
To demo Seave with public data, see https://www.seave.bio. Source code is available at http://code.seave.bio and extensive documentation is available at http://documentation.seave.bio. Seave can be locally installed on an Apache server with PHP and MySQL, or we provide an Amazon Machine Image for quick deployment. For commercial and clinical diagnostic licensing, contact the corresponding author.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Renal albumin excretion in healthy young adults and its association with mortality risk in the US population
Authors: Chong Jiehan , Fotheringham James , Tomson Charles , Ellam Timothy 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Background
Current classification systems do not specify a healthy normal range for urinary albumin excretion. Occult microvascular disease induced by a Western lifestyle may mean that normal values for apparently healthy adults exceed optimal levels defined by mortality risk.

Methods
Using a national population sample [the US Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) cohort; n = 11 887], the distributions of albumin:creatinine ratio (ACR) and fractional excretion of albumin (FEalb) were studied in healthy young adults [ages 20–40 years, without cardiovascular disease (CVD) or risk factors]. The threshold for mortality risk prediction in the whole adult population sample was then studied across ACR/FEalb categories corresponding to quartiles for healthy young adults.

Results
ACR quartiles for healthy young adults were 2.7, 4.2 and 5.9 mg/g in men and 3.8, 6.2 and 9.8 mg/g in women. Increases in ACR below the medians for healthy young adults were not associated with increased mortality or with cardiovascular risk factors when tested in the whole adult population. Increases above this threshold were independently associated with mortality risk [hazard ratio 1.2 (95% confidence interval 1.1–1.4) and 1.8 (1.6–2.0) for Quartiles 3 and 4, respectively]. The prevalence of an optimal ACR below the mortality risk threshold was &lt;25% in the setting of diabetes, hypertension, age &gt;70 years or CVD. Using FEalb to define quartiles of albuminuria gave the same findings.

Conclusion
Based on mortality risk in the whole adult population, there is an optimal range of albumin excretion (ACR &lt; 6 mg/g and 4 mg/g for women and men, respectively). However, only half of even apparently healthy young US adults fall within this range.
Implementation of a Rapid Entry Program Decreases Time to Viral Suppression Among Vulnerable Persons Living With HIV in the Southern United States
Authors: Colasanti Jonathan , Sumitani Jeri , Mehta C Christina , Zhang Yiran , Nguyen Minh Ly , del Rio Carlos , Armstrong Wendy S 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Background
Rapid entry programs (REPs) improve time to antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation (TAI) and time to viral suppression (TVS). We assessed the feasibility and effectiveness of a REP in a large HIV clinic in Atlanta, Georgia, serving a predominately un- or underinsured population.

Methods
The Rapid Entry and ART in Clinic for HIV (REACH) program was implemented on May 16, 2016. We performed a retrospective cohort study with the main independent variable being period of enrollment: January 1, 2016, through May 15, 2016 (pre-REACH); May 16, 2016, through July 31, 2016 (post-REACH). Included individuals were HIV-infected and new to the clinic with detectable HIV-1 RNA. Six-month follow-up data were collected for each participant. Survival analyses were conducted for TVS. Logistic and linear regression analyses were used to evaluate secondary outcomes: attendance at first clinic visit, viral suppression, TAI, and time to first attended provider visit.

Results
There were 117 pre-REACH and 90 post-REACH individuals. Median age (interquartile range [IQR]) was 35 (25–45) years, 80% were male, 91% black, 60% men who have sex with men, 57% uninsured, and 44% active substance users. TVS decreased from 77 (62–96) to 57 (41–70) days (P &lt; .0022). Time to first attended provider visit decreased from 17 to 5 days, and TAI from 21 to 7 days (P &lt; .0001), each remaining significant in adjusted models.

Conclusions
This is the largest rapid entry cohort described in the United States and suggests that rapid entry is feasible and could have a positive impact on HIV transmission at the population level.
Association Between Carbapenem Resistance and Mortality Among Adult, Hospitalized Patients With Serious Infections Due to Enterobacteriaceae: Results of a Systematic Literature Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Martin Amber , Fahrbach Kyle , Zhao Qi , Lodise Thomas 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This study quantified mortality associated with serious infections caused by carbapenem-resistant (CRE) and carbapenem-susceptible Enterobacteriaceae (CSE). A systematic literature review was conducted, evaluating outcomes in hospitalized patients with CRE infections from a blood, urinary, pulmonary, or intra-abdominal source. A meta-analysis (MA) calculating odds ratios (ORs) for mortality was performed. Twenty-two studies met the criteria for inclusion in the MA: 12 included mortality data for CRE vs CSE populations. Compared with CSE, CRE was associated with a significantly higher risk of overall mortality (OR, 3.39; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.35–4.89), as was monotherapy (vs combination therapy) treatment of patients with CRE infections (OR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.00–4.80). These results document the increased mortality associated with serious CRE infections compared with CSE infections among hospitalized adults. It will be important to reevaluate the mortality in CRE and CSE populations, especially among patients who receive early appropriate therapy, as new antibiotics become available.
Association Between Rates of Caesarean Section and Maternal and Neonatal Mortality in the 21st Century: A Worldwide Population-based Ecological Study With Longitudinal Data
Authors: Ye J. , Zhang J. , Mikolajczyk R. , Torloni M.R. , G€ulmezoglu A.M. , Betran A.P. 
Published: June 2018

(BJOG. 2016;123:745–753)
A significant increase in cesarean deliveries has been reported worldwide over the past few decades. Earlier studies analyzed the association between delivery mode and maternal and neonatal mortality using various statistical methods and found a nonlinear relationship between the 2. However, these studies did not control for socioeconomic conditions. The objective of this study was to compile the data available on cesarean section rates worldwide, determine the association between mode of delivery and maternal and neonatal mortality when adjusting for socioeconomic development, and determine a population level cesarean section rate that is associated with the least maternal and neonatal mortality.
Impact of Very Early Physical Therapy During Septic Shock on Skeletal Muscle: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Hickmann Cheryl E. , Castanares-Zapatero Diego , Deldicque Louise , Van den Bergh Peter , Caty Gilles , Robert Annie , Roeseler Jean , Francaux Marc , Laterre Pierre-François 
Published: June 2018

Objectives:
As the catabolic state induced by septic shock together with the physical inactivity of patients lead to the rapid loss of muscle mass and impaired function, the purpose of this study was to test whether an early physical therapy during the onset of septic shock regulates catabolic signals and preserves skeletal muscle mass.

Design:
Randomized controlled trial.

Setting:
Tertiary mixed ICU.

Patients:
Adult patients admitted for septic shock within the first 72 hours.

Interventions:
Patients were assigned randomly into two groups. The control group benefited from manual mobilization once a day. The intervention group had twice daily sessions of both manual mobilization and 30-minute passive/active cycling therapy.

Measurements and Main Results:
Skeletal muscle biopsies and electrophysiology testing were performed at day 1 and day 7. Muscle biopsies were analyzed for histology and molecular components of signaling pathways regulating protein synthesis and degradation as well as inflammation markers. Hemodynamic values and patient perception were collected during each session. Twenty-one patients were included. Three died before the second muscle biopsy. Ten patients in the control and eight in the intervention group were analyzed. Markers of the catabolic ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, muscle atrophy F-box and muscle ring finger-1 messenger RNA, were reduced at day 7 only in the intervention group, but without difference between groups (muscle atrophy F-box: –7.3% ± 138.4% in control vs –56.4% ± 37.4% in intervention group; p = 0.23 and muscle ring finger-1: –30.8% ± 66.9% in control vs –62.7% ± 45.5% in intervention group; p = 0.15). Muscle fiber cross-sectional area (µm2) was preserved by exercise (–25.8% ± 21.6% in control vs 12.4% ± 22.5% in intervention group; p = 0.005). Molecular regulations suggest that the excessive activation of autophagy due to septic shock was lower in the intervention group, without being suppressed. Markers of anabolism and inflammation were not modified by the intervention, which was well tolerated by the patients.

Conclusions:
Early physical therapy during the first week of septic shock is safe and preserves muscle fiber cross-sectional area.
Use of a Novel, Electronic Health Record–Centered, Interprofessional ICU Rounding Simulation to Understand Latent Safety Issues*
Authors: Bordley James , Sakata Knewton K. , Bierman Jesse , McGrath Karess , Mulanax Ashley , Nguyen Linh , Mohan Vishnu , Gold Jeffrey A. 
Published: June 2018

Objectives:
The electronic health record is a primary source of information for all professional groups participating in ICU rounds. We previously demonstrated that, individually, all professional groups involved in rounds have significant blind spots in recognition of patient safety issues in the electronic health record. However, it is unclear how team dynamics impacts identification and verbalization of viewed data. Therefore, we created an ICU rounding simulation to assess how the interprofessional team recognized and reported data and its impact on decision-making.

Design:
Each member of the ICU team reviewed a simulated ICU chart in the electronic health record which contained embedded patient safety issues. The team conducted simulated rounds according to the ICU’s existing rounding script and was assessed for recognition of safety issues.

Setting:
Academic medical center.

Subjects:
ICU residents, nurses, and pharmacists.

Intervention:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
Twenty-eight teams recognized 68.6% of safety issues with only 50% teams having the primary diagnosis in their differential. Individually, interns, nurses, and pharmacists recognized 30.4%, 15.6%, and 19.6% of safety items, respectively. However, there was a negative correlation between the intern’s performance and the nurse’s or the pharmacist’s performance within a given team. The wide variance in recognition of data resulted in wide variance in orders. Overall, there were 21.8 orders requested and 21.6 orders placed per case resulting in 3.6 order entry inconsistencies/case. Between the two cases, there were 145 distinct orders place with 43% being unique to a specific team and only 2% placed by all teams.

Conclusions:
Although significant blind spots exist in the interprofessional team’s ability to recognize safety issues in the electronic health record, the inclusion of other professional groups does serve as a partial safety net to improve recognition. Electronic health record–based, ICU rounding simulations can serve as a test-bed for innovations in ICU rounding structure and data collection.