bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimal unified power quality conditioner placement and sizing in distribution systems considering network reconfiguration
Authors: Gholami Khalil , Karimi Shahram , Dehnavi Ehsan 
Published: July 2018

AbstractNowadays, due to the increasing electrical demand, optimal operation of distribution network has taken much attention. To reach this goal, 1 of the useful methods is the implementation of custom power devices. This paper tries to investigate the unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) placement and sizing along with distribution network reconfiguration for the reactive power compensation in the radial distribution system. This approach finds the optimal sizing and location of UPQC and the optimal changing of the switches status between feeders. Real power loss reduction is the chief function of this work. The proposed method is applied on the 69‐bus radial distribution test system. To check the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed methodology, various scenarios of reconfiguration and UPQC placement are taken into account at different load conditions. Results show that the network reconfiguration with the placement of UPQC provides lower energy losses compared with other methods.
Preparation of Dimethyl Disulfide Adducts from the Mono‐Trans Octadecadienoic Acid Methyl Esters
Authors: Shibamoto Shigeaki , Murata Tasuku , Lu Wenjian , Yamamoto Kouhei 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) adduct method is one of the more effective methods for determining double bond positions of dienoic acid. The DMDS method can be simply used to obtain the characteristic ions in which cleavage occurs between the methylthio group‐added double‐bond carbons as can be seen in the mass spectrum obtained using gas chromatography/electron ionization‐mass spectrometry. In the case of the methylene‐interrupted di‐cis type and di‐trans type dienoic acid, the DMDS addition reaction only occurs at one double‐bond position, and cannot occur at the remaining double‐bond position due to steric hindrance. As a result, two types of adducts are produced in the addition reaction. However, in the case of the methylene‐interrupted mono‐trans (mono‐cis) type dienoic acid, the DMDS addition reaction only occurs at the cis‐double bond. As a result, one type of adduct is produced in the addition reaction. In this report, we investigate the cause of the reaction selectivity by focusing on the addition reaction time.
Eucalyptol Inhibits Advanced Glycation End Products‐Induced Disruption of Podocyte Slit Junctions by Suppressing Rage‐Erk‐C‐Myc Signaling Pathway
Authors: Kim Dong Yeon , Kang Min‐Kyung , Lee Eun‐Jung , Kim Yun‐Ho , Oh Hyeongjoo , Kang Young‐Hee 
Published: July 2018

ScopeThe maintenance of interpodocyte slit diaphragm is critical in the sieving function of glomerular filtration barrier. Eucalyptol is a natural constituent in aromatic plants with antioxidant properties. This study investigates whether and how eucalyptol inhibits podocyte slit diaphragm malfunction in glucose‐exposed podocytes and diabetic mouse kidneys.Methods and resultsPodocytes were incubated in media containing 33 mm glucose with 1–20 μm eucalyptol. The in vivo model employed db/db mice orally administrated with 10 mg kg−1 eucalyptol. Nontoxic eucalyptol enhanced podocyte expression of nephrin, podocin, FAT‐1, CD2AP, and α‐actinin‐4 diminished by glucose. Oral administration of eucalyptol augmented the induction of the slit diaphragm proteins, α‐actinin‐4, and integrin β1 in diabetic kidneys, and ameliorated glomerular fibrosis and foot process effacement. Eucalyptol counteracted the receptor of advanced glycation end products (RAGE) induction in podocytes with glucose or AGE‐BSA, and elevated the reduction of the slit diaphragm proteins by AGE‐BSA. Eucalyptol attenuated the RAGE induction and AGE accumulation in diabetic kidneys. The blockade of ERK‐c‐Myc signaling enhanced the nephrin and CD2AP expression downregulated in AGE‐exposed podocytes. These results indicate that eucalyptol blocked glucose‐induced AGE‐RAGE axis and podocyte injury through disturbing RAGE‐ERK‐c‐Myc signaling.ConclusionEucalyptol may be a potent agent antagonizing diabetes‐associated malformation of interpodocyte slit junction and podocyte actin cytoskeleton.
Juggling family and professional caring: Role demands, work–family conflict and burnout among registered nurses in Ghana
Authors: Asiedu Elsie Eunice Amoo , Annor Francis , Amponsah‐Tawiah Kwesi , Dartey‐Baah Kwasi 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAimJuggling work and family responsibilities remains an important concern for both employees and organizations. This study aimed at examining work and family demands as predictors of work–family conflict and the relationship between work–family conflict and burnout among registered nurses in Ghana.DesignThe study adopted a cross‐sectional survey design.MethodsData were collected from a sample of 134 registered nurses selected from five public hospitals in Accra through convenience sampling. Participants responded to structured questionnaires that assessed, among others, experiences of work–family conflict and burnout.ResultsMultiple regression analyses showed that long work hours and weekend schedules were associated with higher levels of work‐to‐family conflict, while the number of older dependants at home was positively related to family‐to‐work conflict. Family‐to‐work conflict was positively related to burnout, while work‐to‐family conflict was not significantly related to burnout.
Using surface‐downhole ERT for detecting contaminants in deep aquifers due to exploitation of oil reservoirs
Authors: Grünhut V. , Bongiovanni M.V. , Osella A. 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTThe exploitation of a hydrocarbon reservoir, whether conventional or unconventional, may cause environmental damages. Even though sink wells used by oil companies are located much deeper than the aquifers, they may eventually contaminate the water with brine leakage, oil spill or other polluting agents, such as chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing. This makes vulnerability studies extremely important. In this work we aim to detect and characterize contamination of an aquifer that lies above an oil reservoir, at approximately 250 m depth, using electric current injected in the ground surface and voltage sensors installed in the well. At that depth, it is not usual to use downhole measurements to monitor the contaminated aquifer. This gave us the motivation to check if it was possible to identify the contamination of a part of the aquifer using surface‐downhole measurements. In order to achieve this we have designed an electrical model of the reservoir including the aquifer with either a conductive or resistive contaminant such as saline brine, oil spill or CO2, and have numerically simulated the forward and inverse geoelectrical responses. Numerical results show that the detection of contamination is possible only with a surface‐downhole configuration. Our results illustrate the advantage of using the electrical resistivity tomography configuration in order to detect and characterize the contaminated deep aquifers.
Domain swaps of Arabidopsis secondary wall cellulose synthases to elucidate their class specificity
Authors: Hill Joseph Lee , Hill Ashley Nicole , Roberts Alison W. , Haigler Candace H. , Tien Ming 
Published: July 2018

AbstractCellulose microfibrils are synthesized by membrane‐embedded cellulose synthesis complexes (CSCs), currently modeled as hexamers of cellulose synthase (CESA) trimers. The three paralogous CESAs involved in secondary cell wall (SCW) cellulose biosynthesis in Arabidopsis (CESA4, CESA7, CESA8) are similar, but nonredundant, with all three isoforms required for assembly and function of the CSC. The molecular basis of protein–protein recognition among the isoforms is not well understood. To investigate the locations of the interfaces that are responsible for isoform recognition, we swapped three domains between the Arabidopsis CESAs required for SCW synthesis (CESA4, CESA7, and CESA8): N‐terminus, central domain containing the catalytic core, and C‐terminus. Chimeric genes with all pairwise permutations of the domains were tested for in vivo functionality within knockout mutant backgrounds of cesa4, cesa7, and cesa8. Immunoblotting with isoform‐specific antibodies confirmed the anticipated protein expression in transgenic plants. The percent recovery of stem height and crystalline cellulose content was assayed, as compared to wild type, the mutant background lines, and other controls. Retention of the native central domain was sufficient for CESA8 chimeras to function, with neither its N‐terminal nor C‐terminal domains required. The C‐terminal domain is required for class‐specific function of CESA4 and CESA7, and CESA7 also requires its own N‐terminus. Across all isoforms, the results indicate that the central domain, as well as the N‐ and C‐terminal regions, contributes to class‐specific function variously in Arabidopsis CESA4, CESA7, and CESA8.
Holocene thermokarst and pingo development in the Kolyma Lowland (NE Siberia)
Authors: Wetterich Sebastian , Schirrmeister Lutz , Nazarova Larisa , Palagushkina Olga , Bobrov Anatoly , Pogosyan Lilit , Savelieva Larisa , Syrykh Liudmila , Matthes Heidrun , Fritz Michael , Günther Frank , Opel Thomas , Meyer Hanno 
Published: July 2018

AbstractGround ice and sedimentary records of a pingo exposure reveal insights into Holocene permafrost, landscape and climate dynamics. Early to mid‐Holocene thermokarst lake deposits contain rich floral and faunal paleoassemblages, which indicate lake shrinkage and decreasing summer temperatures (chironomid‐based TJuly) from 10.5 to 3.5 cal kyr BP with the warmest period between 10.5 and 8 cal kyr BP. Talik refreezing and pingo growth started about 3.5 cal kyr BP after disappearance of the lake. The isotopic composition of the pingo ice (δ18O − 17.1 ± 0.6‰, δD −144.5 ± 3.4‰, slope 5.85, deuterium excess −7.7± 1.5‰) point to the initial stage of closed‐system freezing captured in the record. A differing isotopic composition within the massive ice body was found (δ18O − 21.3 ± 1.4‰, δD −165 ± 11.5‰, slope 8.13, deuterium excess 4.9± 3.2‰), probably related to the infill of dilation cracks by surface water with quasi‐meteoric signature. Currently inactive syngenetic ice wedges formed in the thermokarst basin after lake drainage. The pingo preserves traces of permafrost response to climate variations in terms of ground‐ice degradation (thermokarst) during the early and mid‐Holocene, and aggradation (wedge‐ice and pingo‐ice growth) during the late Holocene.
Enhancing mobile services with DVB‐S2X superframing
Authors: Mazzali N. , Boumard S. , Kinnunen J. , M. R. B. Shankar , Kiviranta M. , Alagha N. 
Published: July 2018

SummaryDVB‐S2X is the cornerstone for satellite communication standards forming the state of the art of broadband satellite waveforms. In this paper, we propose new application scenarios and advanced techniques, including a reference design implementing superframing, predistortion, a robust synchronization chain, and a plug‐and‐play channel interleaver. We demonstrate by means of software simulations and hardware tests that the DVB‐S2X can be a common technology enabler for land‐mobile, aeronautical, and maritime satellite scenarios in addition to the more traditional VSAT scenario, even in very challenging conditions (eg, very low signal‐to‐noise ratio).
LTE‐based satellite communications in LEO mega‐constellations
Authors: Guidotti Alessandro , Vanelli‐Coralli Alessandro , Foggi Tommaso , Colavolpe Giulio , Caus Márius , Bas Joan , Cioni Stefano , Modenini Andrea 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThe integration of satellite and terrestrial networks is a promising solution for extending broadband coverage to areas not connected to a terrestrial infrastructure, as also demonstrated by recent commercial and standardisation endeavours. However, the large delays and Doppler shifts over the satellite channel pose severe technical challenges to traditional terrestrial systems, as long‐term evolution (LTE) or 5G. In this paper, 2 architectures are proposed for a low Earth orbit mega‐constellation realising a satellite‐enabled LTE system, in which the on‐ground LTE entity is either an eNB (Sat‐eNB) or a relay node (Sat‐RN). The impact of satellite channel impairments as large delays and Doppler shifts on LTE PHY/MAC procedures is discussed and assessed. The proposed analysis shows that, while carrier spacings, random access and RN attach procedures do not pose specific issues and hybrid automatic repeat request requires substantial modifications. Moreover, advanced handover procedures will be also required due to the satellites' movement.
Capacity reservation optimization for distributed satellite cluster networks
Authors: Zheng Yongxing , Zhao Shanghong , Li Yongjun , Tan Qinggui , Xin Ning , Tian Kai , Shi Lei 
Published: July 2018

SummaryWe investigate the problem of link capacity reservation in distributed satellite cluster networks. In the optimization problem, the objective is to minimize the link reservation cost under the link capacity constraints. The original optimization problem can be formulated as a set of the linear programs. For the small‐scale networks, the general linear program solvers have the capability to solve the problem within an acceptable time. To solve the problem in the large‐scale network, we propose a heuristic method on the basis of the alternating direction method of multipliers, in which the original problem is decoupled to parallel small problems that can be solved simply. In the heuristic, the upper and lower bounds are computed iteratively. When the upper and lower bounds are close enough, then the optimal value can be obtained approximately. The simulation results show that the proposed method is comparatively exact when the stopping criterion is properly chosen.
Advances in Thermoelectric Mg3Sb2 and Its Derivatives
Authors: Shi Xuemin , Wang Xiao , Li Wen , Pei Yanzhong 
Published: July 2018

AbstractOver the past couple of decades, thermoelectric Mg3Sb2 and its derivatives have attracted increasing attention for thermoelectric applications. This is enabled by the richness in composition for manipulating both electronic and thermal properties and by the intrinsic low lattice thermal conductivity. With existing efforts on these materials, the thermoelectric figure of merit has been significantly improved to compete with conventional thermoelectrics, while many of these materials keep the compositions cheap and less‐toxic elements only. Here, not only the control of defects, band structure, electronic transport properties, and lattice thermal conductivity for these materials, but also the proven strategies on transport property manipulation are summarized. These strategies are well demonstrated for advancing thermoelectric Mg3Sb2 and its derivatives, and the principles used are believed to be equally applicable for many other thermoelectric materials. In addition, perspectives for possible further advancements in this class of thermoelectric materials are shown.
Die neue Eisenbahnbrücke über den Neckar in Stuttgart – Planung einer besonderen Stahlsegelbrücke
Authors: Wenger Philipp 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAndreas Keil – mit großer Wertschätzung von über 12 Jahren bester Zusammenarbeit – zu seinem 60. Geburtstag gewidmetZwischen Stuttgart und Bad Cannstatt wird im Rahmen des Großprojekts „Stuttgart 21” (Neuordnung Bahnknoten Stuttgart – S21) derzeit eine neuartige, 4‐gleisige Eisenbahnüberführung über den Neckar im Zuge der Zuführung der Fern‐ und S‐Bahnstrecke zum neuen Stuttgarter Tiefbahnhof errichtet. Der innovative Ausführungsentwurf fußt auf dem im Jahre 1998 als Gewinner eines Gestaltungswettbewerbs gekürten Vorschlag einer „Stahlsegel‐Brücke”. Er erfüllt die wesentlichen Anforderungen im damaligen Gutachterverfahren hinsichtlich städtebaulicher und landschaftsarchitektonischer Einbettung in die Umgebung mit einem modernen, damals vielleicht sogar visionären Tragwerk „alternativlos” [3]. Für die charakteristischen „Stahlsegel” werden erstmalig bei einer Eisenbahnbrücke im Netz der DB AG hochfeste Feinkornbaustahl‐Bleche mit Dicken größer 100 mm eingesetzt. Für die Genehmigung dieser außergewöhnlichen Stahlkonstruktionen waren nicht nur besondere Berechnungsmethoden erforderlich, sondern auch zusätzliche Procedere der DB AG (unternehmensinterne Genehmigungen – UiG) sowie des Eisenbahnbundesamtes (Zustimmung im Einzelfall – ZiE). Neben einer kurzen Beschreibung der Brücke bzw. des Gesamttragwerks geht der vorliegende Beitrag im Kern auf die Besonderheiten der Planung dieser dicken Bleche ein. Über weitere Besonderheiten der neuen Neckarbrücke, so die Tiefgründung der insgesamt neun Festpunkt‐Pfeiler in der Kernzone des Bad Cannstatter Heilquellenschutzgebietes, wurde bereits in [4] ausführlicher berichtet.
Entwicklung eines neuartigen Membranmaterials für das größte Beduinenzelt der Welt
Authors: Paech Christoph , Stockhusen Knut 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn der zeitgenössischen Architektur bieten textile Membranen insbesondere für Fassaden und Dächer vielfältige Anwendungsmöglichkeiten. Üblicherweise bestehen solche Membranen aus einem konventionellen Gewebe, das beidseitig zum Schutz vor Umwelteinflüssen und zum Erlangen der Wasserdichtigkeit mit einer Deckschicht versehen ist. Dadurch verliert sich unter Umständen der textile Charakter und seine Haptik. Aber genau diese Sicht‐ und Fühlbarkeit der Textur, kombiniert mit einem traditionellen, identitätsstiftenden Farbmuster war ein zentraler Entwurfsparameter für die 71 000 m2 große Untermembran eines Stadionprojekts der FIFA Weltmeisterschaft Katar 2022. Dem entwurfsprägenden Leitgedanken des Beduinenzelts folgend, wurde eine neuartige architektonische Membran entwickelt, bei der jeder einzelne Polyesterfaden direkt und in unterschiedlichen Farben PVC‐ummantelt ist und anschließend mit einem speziellen Verfahren verwoben wird. Durch die Verwendung eines Jacquard‐Webstuhls kann das Gewebe mit unterschiedlichen Mustern versehen werden, was vollkommen neue Anwendungen ermöglicht. Allerdings variieren die mechanischen Materialeigenschaften der Membran dabei nicht nur in Kett‐ und Schussrichtung, sondern auch innerhalb einer Richtung mit dem entsprechenden eingewebten Muster. Dies stellt besondere Anforderungen an Bemessung und Verarbeitung.
Zum Tragverhalten von Leichtbau‐Flächentragwerken aus gekanteten, dünnwandigen Blechen
Authors: Jahns Hendrik , Pons Jonas , Thiele Klaus , Flügge Wilko , Höfemann Matthias , Schmale Hans Christian 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAufgrund des geringen Werkstoffverbrauchs und des daraus folgenden effizienteren Einsatzes von Material gewinnt der Leichtbau immer größere Bedeutung im Bauwesen. Am Institut für Stahlbau der TU Braunschweig wurde auf Initiative der Salzgitter Mannesmann Forschung GMBH, einer Gesellschaft der Salzgitter AG, ein Leichtbau‐Flächentragwerk aus dünnwandigen Blechen untersucht, welches auf einem System von António Valente et al. basiert. Das Tragsystem wurde in einachsigen Biegeversuchen geprüft, um dessen Verformungsverhalten zu ermitteln und ein gewichtsoptimiertes Leichtbautragwerk zu erzielen. Insgesamt wurden zwei Trägervarianten untersucht: reine Stahl‐ und mit Beton verfüllte Träger. Während des Versuches wurden sowohl Last und Verformung als auch die Verteilung der Dehnungen in einem aussagekräftigen Bereich gemessen. Die Dehnungsfeld‐Messung erfolgte berührungslos mittels eines Digital‐Image‐Correlation (DIC)‐Systems. Die Bewertung der Systemvarianten erfolgte über die spezifische Systemsteifigkeit, welche über die Systemsteifigkeit geteilt durch die Masse des Trägers berechnet wird. Mit den aus den Versuchen gewonnenen Messwerten wurde eine Finite‐Elemente‐Berechnung des Tragsystems validiert, aus welcher das zweiachsige Verhalten abgeleitet werden soll.
Zur Berücksichtigung der Durchlaufwirkung im Stahlhochbau
Authors: Euler Mathias , Kuhlmann Ulrike 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn der Praxis führt der Wegfall der Bemessungsregel aus DIN 18801, nach der die Auflagerkräfte bei drei‐ und mehrfeldrigen Strukturen ohne Berücksichtigung der Durchlaufwirkung ermittelt werden können, vielfach zu Diskussionen bei einer Bemessung nach Eurocode 3. Aus diesem Grund untersucht dieser Beitrag die ursprüngliche Begründung der ehemaligen Bemessungsregel. Die Ergebnisse dieser Untersuchung haben zu einer Änderung des Nationalen Anhangs zu DIN EN 1993‐1‐1 geführt, die eine Anwendung der ehemaligen Bemessungsregel auch für eine Bemessung nach Eurocode 3 gestattet.
Dichtigkeit von Sandwichelementkonstruktionen – Wasser‐ und Luftdichtigkeit in Längs‐ und Fensteranschlussfugen
Authors: Rädel Felicitas , Lange Jörg 
Published: July 2018

AbstractDie Luft‐ und Wasserdichtigkeit der Außenhülle spielen bei der Planung von modernen Gebäuden aufgrund der immer höheren Anforderungen im Hinblick auf die Energieeinsparung eine große Rolle. Für die Sandwichbauweise, die durch die im Werk vorgefertigten Elemente konstruktionsbedingt sehr viele Fugen enthält, ist daher die Ausbildung dieser Fugen von besonderer Bedeutung. In dem vorliegenden Bericht werden neben den normativen Vorgaben bezüglich der Fugendichtigkeit von Sandwichelementen auch die zugehörigen Laborprüfverfahren erläutert. Anschließend werden die Ergebnisse von experimentellen und numerischen Untersuchungen verschiedener Forschungsprojekte vorgestellt und daraus Schlussfolgerungen für die Herstellung und Montage von Sandwichelementen gezogen. Insgesamt lässt sich feststellen, dass mit der Sandwichbauweise bei Beachtung wichtiger Grundregeln in Fertigung und Montage sehr dichte Gebäudehüllen realisiert werden können.
Regulation of translation initiation factor eIF2B at the hub of the integrated stress response
Authors: Pavitt Graham D. 
Published: July 2018

Phosphorylation of the translation initiation factor eIF2 is one of the most widely used and well‐studied mechanisms cells use to respond to diverse cellular stresses. Known as the integrated stress response (ISR), the control pathway uses modulation of protein synthesis to reprogram gene expression and restore homeostasis. Here the current knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of eIF2 activation and its control by phosphorylation at a single‐conserved phosphorylation site, serine 51 are discussed with a major focus on the regulatory roles of eIF2B and eIF5 where a current molecular view of ISR control of eIF2B activity is presented. How genetic disorders affect eIF2 or eIF2B is discussed, as are syndromes where excess signaling through the ISR is a component. Finally, studies into the action of recently identified compounds that modulate the ISR in experimental systems are discussed; these suggest that eIF2B is a potential therapeutic target for a wide range of conditions.This article is categorized under:

Translation > Translation Regulation
Strategy mapping: a method for making value tensions explicit in design and deployment of IT systems
Authors: Walldius Åke 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA core activity promoted by the value sensitive design approach is the iterative and integrative performance of conceptual, empirical and technical investigations. In this essay, I will contribute and reflect on a method for conceptual mapping through which such tripartite investigations can be supported in ways that are open to stakeholder participation.