bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Long-Term Clinical Outcome of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder With Impaired Coronary Distensibility
Authors: Ahmadi Naser , Hajsadeghi Fereshteh , Nabavi Volker , Olango Garth , Molla Mohammed , Budoff Matthew , Vaidya Nutan , Quintana Javier , Pynoos Robert , Hauser Peter , Yehuda Rachel 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT

Objective
Coronary Distensibility Index (CDI) impairments reflect endothelial-dependent process associated with vulnerable-plaque composition. This study investigated the relation of impaired CDI with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and their predictive value for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).

Methods
This study involved 246 patients (age = 63 [10] years, 12% women) with (n = 50) and without (n = 196) PTSD, who underwent computed tomography angiography to determine coronary artery disease and CDI. Extent of coronary artery disease was defined as normal, nonobstructive (<50% luminal stenosis), and obstructive (>50%). Incidence of MACE, defined as myocardial infarction or cardiovascular death, was documented during a mean follow-up of 50 months. Survival regression was employed to assess the longitudinal association of impaired CDI and PTSD with MACE.

Results
A significant inverse correlation between CDI and Clinical Global Impression Severity scale of PTSD symptoms was noted (r
2 = .81, p = .001). CDI was significantly lower in patients with PTSD (3.3 [0.2]) compared with those without PTSD (4.5 [0.3]), a finding that was more robust in women (p < .05). Covariate-adjusted analyses revealed that the relative risk of MACE was higher in patients with PTSD (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.34–3.14) and those with impaired CDI (HR = 1.95, 95% CI = 1.27–3.01, per standard deviation lower CDI value). There was also a significant interaction between PTSD and impaired CDI (HR = 3.24, 95% CI = 2.02–5.53).

Conclusions
Impaired CDI is strongly associated with the severity of PTSD symptoms. Both impaired CDI and PTSD were independently associated with an increased risk of MACE during follow-up, and evidence indicated an interaction between these two factors. These findings highlight the important role of CDI in identifying individuals with PTSD at risk for MACE.
Risk Factors for Transfusions Following Total Joint Arthroplasty in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Salt Elizabeth , Wiggins Amanda T. , Rayens Mary Kay , Brown Katelyn , Eckmann Kate , Johannemann Andrew , Wright Raymond D. , Crofford Leslie J. 
Published: March 2018

Background/Objective
Despite effective therapies, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) can result in joint destruction requiring total joint arthroplasty to maintain patient function. An estimated 16% to 70% of those undergoing total joint arthroplasty of the hip or knee will receive a blood transfusion. Few studies have described risk factors for blood transfusion following total joint arthroplasty in patients with RA. The aim of this study was to identify demographic and clinical risk factors associated with receiving a blood transfusion following total joint arthroplasty among patients with RA.

Methods
A retrospective study (n = 3270) was conducted using deidentified patient health claims information from a commercially insured, US data set (2007–2009). Data analysis included descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression.

Results
Females were more likely to receive a blood transfusion (odds ratio [OR], 1.48; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16–1.87; p = 0.001). When compared with those in the South, patients residing the Midwest were less likely to receive a blood transfusion following total joint arthroplasty (OR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.44–0.71). Relative to those receiving total knee arthroplasty, patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty were more likely to receive a blood transfusion (OR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.14–1.70), and patients who underwent a total shoulder arthroplasty were less likely to receive a blood transfusion (OR, 0.14; 95% CI, 0.05–0.38; p < 0.001). Patients with a history of anemia were more likely to receive a blood transfusion compared with those who did not have this diagnosis (OR, 3.30; 95% CI, 2.62–4.14; p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Risk factors for the receipt of blood transfusions among RA patients who have undergone total joint arthroplasty were identified.
Situs Inversus Totalis and Cholangiocarcinoma of the Gallbladder Detected by 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Calabria Ferdinando F. , Leporace Mario , Bagnato Antonio 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
A 72-year-old woman was examined by 18F-FDG PET/CT, showing pathologic tracer uptake in the gallbladder. PET/CT also depicted condition of situs inversus totalis, with dextrocardia, liver on the left side and spleen on the right side of the body. These findings were essential to plan and develop laparoscopic cholecystectomy, which diagnosed cholangiocarcinoma. The recognition of anatomical variants and abnormalities by means of hybrid PET/CT imaging is essential in order to plan the best therapeutic approach.
Adalimumab-Induced Epstein-Barr Virus–Related Lymphoproliferative Disorder on FDG PET/CT
Authors: Ward John , Noy Ariela , Ulaner Gary , Riedl Christopher 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Adalimumab is a fully human chimeric tumor necrosis factor inhibitor used to treat immune-mediated disorders such as psoriatic arthritis. We present a 51-year-old woman with psoriatic arthritis on methotrexate and infliximab for 12 years. Adalimumab replaced infliximab because of worsening symptoms. Following 3 doses administered 1 week apart, rapidly enlarging cervical lymph nodes developed. Biopsy revealed Epstein-Barr virus–related polymorphic lymphoproliferative disorder. 18F-FDG PET/CT demonstrated widespread hypermetabolic lymphadenopathy; follow-up at 5 weeks off adalimumab revealed almost complete resolution of this adenopathy. This is most consistent with Epstein-Barr virus–related lymphoproliferative disorder secondary to tumor necrosis factor α inhibition.
11C-4DST PET/CT Imaging of Cardiac Sarcoidosis
Authors: Hotta Masatoshi , Minamimoto Ryogo , Kubota Shuji , Awaya Toru , Hiroi Yukio 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
A 75-year-old woman with a history of sarcoidosis presenting with low cardiac output and complete right bundle-branch block underwent 4′-[methyl-11C]-thiothymidine (4DST) PET/CT after cardiac MRI and FDG PET/CT for the evaluation of suspected cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) before treatment. Cardiac MRI revealed late gadolinium enhancement on the anterior-to-lateral and posterior wall, indicating CS. FDG uptake was shown on the anterior-to-lateral wall, but not on the posterior wall. In contrast, 4DST uptake was demonstrated on both anterior-to-lateral and posterior walls. Use of 4DST appears promising for detecting CS without dietary restriction, due to the lack of physiological uptake in myocardium.
Crossed Cerebellar Tracer Uptake on Acute-Stage 123I-Iomazenil SPECT Imaging Predicts 3-Month Functional Outcome in Patients With Nonfatal Hypertensive Putaminal or Thalamic Hemorrhage
Authors: Kojima Daigo , Komoribayashi Nobukazu , Omama Shinichi , Oikawa Kohki , Fujiwara Shunrou , Kobayashi Masakazu , Kubo Yoshitaka , Terasaki Kazunori , Ogasawara Kuniaki 
Published: March 2018

Purpose
Whereas SPECT images obtained 180 minutes after administration of 123I-iomazenil (IMZ) (late images) are proportional to the distribution of central benzodiazepine receptor–binding potential, SPECT images obtained within 30 minutes after 123I-IMZ administration (early images) correlate with regional brain perfusion. The aim of the present study was to determine whether crossed cerebellar tracer uptake on acute-stage 123I-IMZ SPECT imaging predicts 3-month functional outcome in patients with nonfatal hypertensive putaminal or thalamic hemorrhage.

Methods
Forty-six patients underwent early and late SPECT imaging with 123I-IMZ within 7 days after the onset of hemorrhage. A region of interest was automatically placed in the bilateral cerebellar hemispheres using a 3-dimensional stereotaxic region-of-interest template, and the ratio of the value in the cerebellar hemisphere contralateral to the affected side to that in the ipsilateral cerebellar hemisphere (ARcbl) was calculated in each patient. Each patient's physical function was measured using the modified Rankin scale (mRS) score 3 months after onset.

Results
The ARcbl on early (ρ = −0.511, P = 0.0003) and late (ρ = −0.714, P < 0.0001) images correlated with the mRS 3 months after the onset of hemorrhage. Multivariate analysis showed that only a low ARcbl in late images was significantly associated with a poor functional outcome (mRS score ≥3 at 3 months after onset) (95% confidence interval, 0.001–0.003; P = 0.0212).

Conclusions
Crossed cerebellar tracer uptake on acute-stage 123I-IMZ SPECT imaging predicts 3-month functional outcome in patients with nonfatal hypertensive putaminal or thalamic hemorrhage.
Interventional vitamin C: A strategy for attenuation of coagulopathy and inflammation in a swine multiple injuries model
Authors: Reynolds Penny S. , Fisher Bernard J. , McCarter Jacquelyn , Sweeney Christopher , Martin Erika J. , Middleton Paul , Ellenberg Matthew , Fowler Evan , Brophy Donald F. , Fowler Alpha A. , Spiess Bruce D. , Natarajan Ramesh 
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND
Coagulopathy and inflammation induced by hemorrhagic shock and traumatic injury are associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Vitamin C (VitC) is an antioxidant with potential protective effects on the proinflammatory and procoagulant pathways. We hypothesized that high-dose VitC administered as a supplement to fluid resuscitation would attenuate inflammation, coagulation dysfunction, and end-organ tissue damage in a swine model of multiple injuries and hemorrhage.

METHODS
Male Sinclair swine (n = 24; mean body weight, 27 kg) were anesthetized, intubated, mechanically ventilated, and instrumented for physiologic monitoring. Following stabilization, swine were subjected to shock/traumatic injury (hypothermia, liver ischemia and reperfusion, comminuted femur fracture, hemorrhagic hypotension), resuscitated with 500 mL of hydroxyethyl starch, and randomized to receive either intravenous normal saline (NS), low-dose VitC (50 mg/kg; LO), or high-dose VitC (200 mg/kg; HI). Hemodynamics, blood chemistry, hematology, and coagulation function (ROTEM) were monitored to 4 hours postresuscitation. Histological and molecular analyses were obtained for liver, kidney, and lung.

RESULTS
Compared with VitC animals, NS swine showed significant histological end-organ damage, elevated acute lung injury scores, and increased mRNA expression of tissue proinflammatory mediators (IL-1β, IL-8, TNFα), plasminogen activation inhibitor-1 and tissue factor. There were no statistically significant differences between treatment groups on mean arterial pressure or univariate measures of coagulation function; however, NS showed impaired multivariate clotting function at 4 hours.

CONCLUSION
Although correction of coagulation dysfunction was modest, intravenous high-dose VitC may mitigate the proinflammatory/procoagulant response that contributes to multiple organ failure following acute severe multiple injuries.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Prospective randomized controlled blinded trial study, Preclinical (animal-based).
Mapping areas with concentrated risk of trauma mortality: A first step toward mitigating geographic and socioeconomic disparities in trauma
Authors: Jarman Molly P. , Haut Elliott R. , Curriero Frank C. , Castillo Renan C. 
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND
Many rural, low-income, and historically underrepresented minority communities lack access to trauma center services, including surgical care and injury prevention efforts. Along with features of the built and social environment at injury incident locations, geographic barriers to trauma center services may contribute to injury disparities. This study sought to classify injury event locations based on features of the built and social environment at the injury scene, and to examine patterns in individual patient demographics, injury characteristics, and mortality by location class.

METHODS
Data from the 2015 Maryland Adult Trauma Registry and associated prehospital records (n = 16,082) were used in a latent class analysis of characteristics of injury event locations, including trauma center distance, trauma center characteristics, land use, community-level per capita income, and community-level median age. Mortality effects of location class were estimated with logistic regression, with and without adjustment for individual patient demographics and injury characteristics.

RESULTS
Eight classes were identified: rural, exurban, young suburban, aging suburban, inner suburban, urban fringe, high-income urban core, and low-income urban core. Patient characteristics and odds of death varied across classes. Compared with inner suburban locations, adjusted odds of death were highest at rural (odds ratio [OR], 1.98; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.36–2.88), young suburb (OR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.14–2.17), aging suburb (OR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.04–1.78), and low-income urban core (OR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.04–1.83) locations.

CONCLUSION
Injury incident locations can be categorized into distinguishable classes with varying mortality risk. Identification of location classes may be useful for targeted primary prevention and treatment interventions, both by identifying geographic areas with the highest risk of injury mortality and by identifying patterns of individual risk within location classes.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Prognostic and epidemiological, level III.
Indications and outcomes of extracorporeal life support in trauma patients
Authors: Swol Justyna , Brodie Daniel , Napolitano Lena , Park Pauline K. , Thiagarajan Ravi , Barbaro Ryan P. , Lorusso Roberto , McMullan David , Cavarocchi Nicholas , Hssain Ali Ait , Rycus Peter , Zonies David 
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND
The use of extracorporeal life support (ECLS) in the trauma population remains controversial and has been reported only in small cohort studies. Recent ECLS technical advances have increased its use as an advanced critical care option in trauma. Given the degree of resource utilization, costs, and expertise required to provide ECLS support in trauma patients, we sought to perform a multi-institutional study to assess the indications and outcomes of ECLS in trauma.

METHODS
A retrospective review of adult (≥16 years) trauma patients receiving ECLS support in the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) registry (1989–2016) was performed. Standardized data from the contributing ELSO centers includes patient demographics, diagnoses, and ECLS technique and procedures. Additionally, baseline characteristics, precannulation and postcannulation physiologic data, complications, and outcomes were recorded. Survival was categorized both by transition off ECLS support and survival to hospital discharge.

RESULTS
Two hundred seventy-nine trauma patients were identified (0.92% of 30,273 adult ECLS patients). Extracorporeal life support increased significantly in the last 5 years (173 in 2011–2016, 62%) compared with 106 in the prior 18 years. Trauma patients were predominantly male (78%), with a mean age of 34.8 ± 15.4 years (range, 16–88 years). Thoracic injury was the most common diagnosis; acute respiratory distress syndrome was the most common indication. Extracorporeal life support was venovenous for respiratory failure (89%), VA for cardiac failure (7%), and VA for ECLS-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) (E-CPR) (4%). Extracorporeal life support duration was 8.8 ± 9.5 days (longest 83 days), and was longer for respiratory support (9.3 ± 9.3 days) vs. cardiac support (4.1 ± 4.5 days) and E-CPR (6.5 ± 16.8 days). Overall survival from ECLS was 70% and survival to hospital discharge was 61% in the total cohort (63% respiratory, 50% cardiac, 25% E-CPR), similar to survival rates in other ELSO registry cohorts. More than 80% of patients had a reported complication during ECLS support. The most common complication was cardiovascular (51%) followed by a bleeding complication (29%). Multiple organ failure was the most common cause of death (15.4%).

CONCLUSION
Data from the largest registry of critically ill trauma patients receiving ECLS support demonstrates reasonable survival. With growing experience and improved safety profile, trauma should not be considered a contraindication for ECLS. Further analysis of the ELSO registry regarding trauma-specific risk factors and ECLS-specific practices may identify best candidates and improve trauma ECLS outcomes.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic study, level III.
Multicenter study of crystalloid boluses and transfusion in pediatric trauma—When to go to blood?
Authors: Polites Stephanie F. , Nygaard Rachel M. , Reddy Pooja N. , Zielinski Martin D. , Richardson Chad J. , Elsbernd Terri A. , Petrun Branden M. , Weinberg Sean L. , Murphy Sherrie , Potter Donald D. , Klinkner Denise B. , Moir Christopher R. 
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND
The 9th edition of Advanced Trauma Life Support recommends up to three crystalloid boluses in pediatric trauma patients with consideration of transfusion after the second bolus; however, this approach is debated. We aimed to determine if requirement of more than one fluid bolus predicts the need for transfusion.

METHODS
The 2010 to 2016 highest tier activation patients younger than 15 years from two ACS Level I pediatric trauma centers were identified from prospectively maintained trauma databases. Those with a shock index (heart rate/systolic blood pressure) greater than 0.9 were included. Crystalloid boluses (20 ± 10 mL/kg) and transfusions administered prehospital and within 12 hours of hospital arrival were determined. Univariate and multivariable analyses were conducted to determine association between crystalloid volume and transfusion.

RESULTS
Among 208 patients, the mean age was 5 ± 4 years (60% male), 91% sustained blunt injuries, and median (interquartile range) Injury Severity Score was 11 (6,25). Twenty-nine percent received one bolus, 17% received two, and 10% received at least three. Transfusion of any blood product occurred in 50 (24%) patients; mean (range) red blood cells was 23 (0–89) mL/kg, plasma 8 (0–69), and platelets 1 (0–18). The likelihood of transfusion increased logarithmically from 11% to 43% for those requiring 2 or more boluses (Fig. 1). This relationship persisted on multivariable analysis that adjusted for institution, age, and shock index with good discrimination (Area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic, 0.84). Shock index was also strongly associated with transfusion.

CONCLUSION
Almost half of pediatric trauma patients with elevated shock index require transfusion following two crystalloid boluses and the odds of requiring a transfusion plateau at this point in resuscitation. This supports consideration of blood with the second bolus in conjunction with shock index though prospective studies are needed to confirm this and its impact on outcomes.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic study, level IV.
Early Midlife Pulmonary Function and Dementia Risk
Authors: Gilsanz Paola , Mayeda Elizabeth Rose , Flatt Jason , Glymour M. Maria , Quesenberry Charles P. , Whitmer Rachel A. 
Published: March 2018

Background:
Poor pulmonary function (PPF) is associated with increased risk of dementia, yet it is unclear if PPF in early adulthood to midlife increases risk, independent of smoking and subsequent vascular disease.

Objective:
This study evaluated the association between multiple markers of PPF in early adulthood to midlife and long-term risk of dementia.

Methods:
We evaluated 27,387 members of an integrated health care system with forced expiratory volume in 1, 2 seconds, and vital capacity collected from 1964 to 1973 (mean age=41.8±4.2 y). Associations of PPF with dementia diagnoses from January 1, 1996 to September 30, 2015 were evaluated with Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for demographics, height, body mass index, hypertension, smoking status, diabetes, stroke, and heart failure.

Results:
In total, 7519 individuals (27%) were diagnosed with dementia. In fully adjusted Cox proportional hazards models, for all PPF measures each liter decrease was associated with a 13% to 14% higher risk of dementia. Compared with the highest quintile, the first quintile of PPF measures were associated with a 24% to 28% increased risk of dementia; second to fourth quintiles showed strong dose-dependent associations. Results were similar when stratified by smoking status.

Conclusions:
In this large, diverse cohort, multiple measures of PPF in early adulthood to midlife were associated with dementia risk independent of smoking and vascular comorbidities.
In vitro and in vivo phasor analysis of stoichiometry and pharmacokinetics using near-infrared dyes
Authors: Chen Sez-Jade , Sinsuebphon Nattawut , Rudkouskaya Alena , Barroso Margarida , Intes Xavier , Michalet Xavier 
Published: March 2018

1AbstractWe introduce a simple new approach for time-resolved multiplexed analysis of complex systems using near-infrared (NIR) dyes, applicable to in vitro and in vivo studies. We first show that fast and precise in vitro quantification of NIR fluorophores lifetime and stoichiometry can be done using phasor analysis, a computationally efficient and user-friendly representation of complex fluorescence intensity decays obtained with pulsed laser excitation. We apply this approach to the study of binding equilibria by Förster resonant energy transfer (FRET), using two different model systems: primary/secondary antibody binding in vitro and ligand/receptor binding in cell cultures. We then extend our demonstration to dynamic imaging of the pharmacokinetics of transferrin binding to the transferrin receptor in live mice, elucidating the kinetic of differential transferrin accumulation in specific organs, straightforwardly differentiating specific from non-specific binding. Our method, implemented in a freely-available software package, has all the advantages of time-resolved NIR imaging, including better tissue penetration and background-free imaging, but simplifies and considerably speeds up data processing and interpretation, while remaining quantitative. These advances make this method attractive and of broad applicability for in vitro and in vivo molecular imaging, and could be extended to applications as diverse as image guided-surgery or optical tomography.
Ordino: a visual cancer analysis tool for ranking and exploring genes, cell lines, and tissue samples
Authors: Streit Marc , Gratzl Samuel , Stitz Holger , Wernitznig Andreas , Zichner Thomas , Haslinger Christian 
Published: March 2018

AbstractSummaryOrdino is a web-based analysis tool for cancer genomics that allows users to flexibly rank, filter, and explore genes, cell lines, and tissue samples based on pre-loaded data, including The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE), and manually uploaded information. Interactive tabular data visualization that facilitates the user-driven prioritization process forms a core component of Ordino. Detail views of selected items complement the exploration. Findings can be stored, shared, and reproduced via the integrated session management.Availability and ImplementationOrdino is publicly available at https://ordino.caleydoapp.org. The source code is released at https://github.com/Caleydo/ordino under the Mozilla Public License 2.0.Contactmarc.streit@jku.at