bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endovascular Versus Transapical Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: In-hospital Mortality, Hospital Outcomes, and 30-day Readmission. A Propensity Score–matched Analysis
Authors: Lemor Alejandro , Hernandez Gabriel , Bavishi Chirag , Jain Tarun , Patel Nish , Villablanca Pedro , Mawri Sagger , O’Neill William 
Published: May 2019

Introduction:
Transapical transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is associated with increased morbidity compared with endovascular TAVR. We sought to compare the differences in clinical outcomes between endovascular and transapical TAVR approaches utilizing a propensity score model.

Methods:
Patients undergoing TAVR (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes 35.05 and 35.06) between January 2011 and November 2014 were identified in the Nationwide Readmissions Database, and a propensity score–matched analysis was performed comparing transapical versus endovascular approach. The primary outcome of interest was in-hospital mortality and 30-day all-cause readmission. We also evaluated trends in use of TAVR over the years.

Results:
We identified 28,302 endovascular TAVR and 7967 transapical TAVR performed during the study period. The propensity score–matching algorithm yielded 7879 well-matched patients in each group. The in-hospital mortality rates were significantly lower in endovascular TAVR compared with transapical TAVR (1.7% vs 6.7%; OR, 0.24; 95% CI, 0.17– 0.35; P < 0.001). The 30-day readmission rate was lower in endovascular TAVR (14.4% vs 16.8%; OR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.70–0.98; P = 0.036). Use of TAVR increased from 585 (74% endovascular TAVR) in 2011 to 16,801 in 2014 (82.8% endovascular TAVR).

Conclusions:
Endovascular TAVR is associated with significantly lower in-patient mortality and lower readmission rate when compared with transapical TAVR. Heart failure remains the most common cause for readmission after TAVR regardless of approach.
The Associations of Diagnoses of Fatigue and Depression With Use of Medical Services in Patients With Heart Failure
Authors: Heo Seongkum , McSweeney Jean , Tsai Pao-Feng , Ounpraseuth Songthip , Moser Debra K. , Kim JinShil 
Published: May 2019

Background:
Fatigue and depression based on self-report and diagnosis are prevalent in patients with heart failure and adversely affect high rates of hospitalization and emergency department visits, which can impact use of medical services. The relationships of fatigue and depression to use of medical services in patients with preserved and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) may differ.

Purpose:
We examined the associations of diagnoses of fatigue and depression with use of medical services in patients with preserved and reduced LVEF, controlling for covariates.

Methods:
Data were collected on fatigue, depression, covariates, and use of medical services. Patients (N = 582) were divided into 2 groups based on LVEF (<40%, reduced LVEF; ≥40%, preserved LVEF). Multiple linear regression analyses were used to analyze the data.

Results:
A diagnosis of fatigue was a significant factor associated with more use of medical services in the total sample (β = .18, P < .001, R
2 = 54%) and patients with reduced LVEF (β = .13, P = .008, R
2 = 54%) and also preserved LVEF (β = .21, P < .001, R
2 = 54%), controlling for all covariates, but a diagnosis of depression was not.

Conclusions:
This study demonstrates the important roles of a diagnosis of fatigue in use of medical services. Thus, fatigue needs to be assessed, diagnosed, and managed effectively.
Sympathetic Markers are Different Between Clinical Responders and Nonresponders After Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation
Authors: Denfeld Quin E. , Lee Christopher S. , Woodward William R. , Hiatt Shirin O. , Mudd James O. , Habecker Beth A. 
Published: May 2019

Background
Clinical response to left ventricular assist devices (LVADs), as measured by health-related quality of life, varies among patients after implantation; however, it is unknown which pathophysiological mechanisms underlie differences in clinical response by health-related quality of life.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to compare changes in sympathetic markers (β-adrenergic receptor kinase-1 [βARK1], norepinephrine [NE], and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol [DHPG]) between health-related quality of life clinical responders and nonresponders from pre– to post–LVAD implantation.

Methods
We performed a secondary analysis on a subset of data from a cohort study of patients from pre– to 1, 3, and 6 months after LVAD implantation. Clinical response was defined as an increase of 5 points or higher on the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire Clinical Summary score from pre– to 6 months post–LVAD implantation. We measured plasma βARK1 level with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and plasma NE and DHPG levels with high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Latent growth curve modeling was used to compare the trajectories of markers between groups.

Results
The mean (SD) age of the sample (n = 39) was 52.9 (13.2) years, and most were male (74.4%) and received LVADs as bridge to transplantation (69.2%). Preimplantation plasma βARK1 levels were significantly higher in clinical responders (n = 19) than in nonresponders (n = 20) (P = .001), but change was similar after LVAD (P = .235). Preimplantation plasma DHPG levels were significantly lower in clinical responders than in nonresponders (P = .002), but the change was similar after LVAD (P = .881). There were no significant differences in plasma NE levels.

Conclusions
Preimplantation βARK1 and DHPG levels are differentiating factors between health-related quality of life clinical responders and nonresponders to LVAD, potentially signaling differing levels of sympathetic stimulation underlying clinical response.
Local Health Department Activities to Reduce Emergency Department Visits for Substance Use Disorders
Authors: Novak Priscilla , Bloodworth Robin , Green Kerry , Chen Jie 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT
The Affordable Care Act (ACA) provides financial incentives to prevent substance use disorders (SUDs). Local health departments (LHDs) can receive funds to establish care teams that partner with primary care providers and health systems. This study estimates the potential effect of LHDs on emergency visits for SUDs, using linked data sets from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Emergency Department (ED) sample for the State of Maryland—2012, the National Association of County and City Health Officials Profiles Survey 2013, and Area Health Resource File 2013 to estimate potential effect of LHDs' provision of SUD preventive care and SUD-related policy implementation. Local health department involvement in SUD-related policy during the past 2 years and provision of preventive care for behavioral health in the past year significantly reduced the probability of having a SUD-related ED visit by 11% and 6%, respectively, after controlling for individual characteristics (odds ratio [OR] = 0.89, p < .001; OR = 0.93, p < .001). After adjusting for the individual and contextual factors, LHD involvement in policy was still associated with 14% reduction in SUD-related ED visits (OR = 0.86, p < .001). Results offer insights on the extent to which the LHD activities can possibly affect SUD-related ED visits and provide a foundation for future work to identify effective LHD interventions.
The clinical outcomes of selenium supplementation on critically ill patients
Authors: Zhao Yan , Yang Mengmeng , Mao Zhi , Yuan Rui , Wang Li , Hu Xin , Zhou Feihu , Kang Hongjun 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Purpose:
Selenium supplementation is a potentially promising adjunctive therapy for critically ill patients, but the results are controversy among studies. Accordingly, we performed this meta-analysis to more clearly detect the efficacy and safety of selenium supplementation on critically ill patients.

Methods:
Systematic literature retrieval was carried out to obtain RCTs on selenium supplementation for critically ill patients up to August 2017. Data extraction and quality evaluation of these studies were performed by 2 investigators. Statistical analyses was performed by RevMan 5.3. Trial sequential analysis (TSA) was conducted to control the risks of type I and type II errors and calculate required information size (RIS).

Results:
Totally 19 RCTs involving 3341 critically ill patients were carried out in which 1694 participates were in the selenium supplementation group, and 1647 in the control. The aggregated results suggested that compared with the control, intravenous selenium supplement as a single therapy could decrease the total mortality (RR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.78–0.95, P = .002, TSA-adjusted 95% CI = 0.77–0.96, RIS = 4108, n = 3297) and may shorten the length of stay in hospital (MD −2.30, 95% CI −4.03 to −0.57, P = .009), but had no significant treatment effect on 28-days mortality (RR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.85–1.09, P = .54) and could not shorten the length of ICU stay (MD −0.15, 95% CI −1.68 to 1.38, P = .84) in critically ill patients. Our results also showed that selenium supplementation did not increase incidence of drug-induced side effect compared with the control (RR 1.04, 95% CI 0.83 to 1.30, P = .73).

Conclusions:
The current evidence suggests that the use of selenium could reduce the total mortality, and TSA results showed that our outcome is reliable and no more randomized controlled trials are needed. But selenium supplementation might have no effect on reducing 28-days mortality as well as the incidence of new infections, or on length of stay in ICU or mechanical ventilation. However, the results should be used carefully because of potential limitations.
Elastic fixation of mallet finger fractures using two K-wires
Authors: Chen Qiang , Suo Yan , Pan Danhong , Xie QingPing 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Mallet finger fracture is a common sports-related injury that may lead to the tearing of extensor tendon and protrusion of a bony fragment located at the base of the distal phalanx. We affirmed that the elastic fixation of with two K-wires technique is a good method to deal with Mallet Finger fractures that fractures could gain effective fixation than the conventional treatment method and avoid surgical incision complication

Patient concerns:
We reported a 33-year-old female patient came to our hospital complaining of mild pain, swelling and her right little finger was deformed because of sport's injury.

Diagnosis:
Acute mallet finger fracture type IV B according to Doyle classification of mallet injuries.

Interventions:
We performed an emergency operation for the elastic fixation of the mallet finger fractures with two K-wires.

Outcomes:
After the surgery, the patient showed functional recovery. No evidence of recurrence was noted 6 months after the operation, and the patient showed no symptoms of sports-related injuries.

Lessons:
We discuss the clinical diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of the patient and suggest that elastic fixation with two K-wires is a good method to treat mallet finger fractures.
Comparative effect of statins and types of physical exercise on arterial stiffness
Authors: Martínez-Vizcaíno Vicente , Cavero-Redondo Iván , Saz-Lara Alicia , Pozuelo-Carrascosa Diana P. , Notario-Pacheco Blanca , Gómez-Marcos Manuel A. , Álvarez-Bueno Celia 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Introduction:
The purpose of this study protocol is to provide the methodology for a review to compare the effect of statins vs physical exercise interventions and the effect of different types of physical exercise, on reducing arterial stiffness associated with cardiovascular diseases and mortality.

Methods and analysis:
The literature search will be conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Web of Science databases from their inception until July 31, 2019. We will include randomized controlled trials, nonrandomized experimental studies, and controlled pre–post studies assessing the effect in the general population of statins and physical exercise interventions on arterial stiffness measured by pulse wave velocity. The Cochrane Collaboration's tool and the Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies will be used to assess the risk of bias for studies included in the systematic review. A Bayesian network meta-analysis will be carried out to determine the comparative effect of the different physical exercise interventions and/or statin intervention.

Ethics and dissemination:
This study will generate evidence about the effectiveness of both statins and exercise on reducing arterial stiffness that potentially can be transferred to patients and practitioners. Moreover, in light of the importance of reducing arterial stiffness for preventing cardiovascular disease, the evidence provided by this study will be potentially suitable to be included in cardiovascular clinical practice guidelines.

Strengths and limitations:
This protocol describes the methods of a study examining, using network meta-analysis strategies, the efficacy of statins and different types of exercise on improving arterial stiffness, which is an early marker of atherosclerosis. The results of this study could immediately help clinicians to recommend the best evidence-based intervention to their patients to reduce arterial stiffness and, as a consequence, prevent major complications, such as heart failure, stroke, or myocardial infarction.

Trial registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42019123120
Postoperative adjuvant therapy for resectable esophageal cancer
Authors: Chai Tianci , Shen Zhimin , Zhang Peipei , Lin Yuhan , Chen Sui , Zhang Zhenyang , Lin Wenwei , Kang Mingqiang , Lin Jiangbo 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background:
Esophageal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors, characterized by early metastasis and high degree of malignancy. Its morbidity ranks 7th among all malignant tumors and its mortality ranks 6th. Postoperative adjuvant therapy after esophagectomy can significantly improve the overall survival rate of patients with locally resectable esophageal cancer. With the breakthrough and progress of immunotherapy, the possibility of cure of esophageal cancer is greatly improved. Some clinical trials have reported that programmed death 1 (PD1) and programmed death ligand 1 (PDL1) inhibitors alone, compared with traditional platinum-based chemotherapy, can benefit patients and effectively extend the overall survival period of patients. We will conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the comparison of the efficacy of immunotherapy (PD1 and PDL1 inhibitors) alone and traditional platinum-based chemotherapy, so as to provide a reliable basis for clinicians to formulate the best chemotherapy regimen for patients with esophageal cancer after esophagectomy.

Methods:
We will search Pubmed, Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Cancerlit, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for related studies published before December 1, 2019 without language restrictions. Two review authors will search and assess relevant studies independently. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or quasi-RCTs, and prospective cohort studies will be included. We will perform subgroup analysis in sex, age, ethnicity, and tumor stage of esophageal cancer patients.

Results:
The results of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.

Conclusion:
The results of this systematic review and meta-analysis will provide a basis for clinicians to formulate the best chemotherapy regimen for patients, as well as a research clue for clinical researchers in this field. The results of this study will expand the treatment options for esophageal patients, but due to the nature of the disease and intervention, large sample clinical trials are not abundant, so we will include some high-quality small sample trials, which may cause high heterogeneity.
PROSPERO registration number: CRD42019125000.
Online community collaborative map
Authors: Ku Wen-Yuan , Nfor Oswald Ndi , Liu Wen-Hsiu , Tantoh Disline Manli , Hsu Shu-Yi , Wang Lee , Chou Tien-Yin , Liaw Yung-Po 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop an online collaborative map to enable researchers to locate, explore, and share cancer data.
This 2-scale (global and country-level) cancer map adopts a database-driven model, which was implemented using the Google Map Application Programming Interface (API) and asynchronous JavaScript and XML (AJAX) technology. Seven visualization techniques were used to present data. Data on worldwide cancer mortality between 1950 and 2013 were taken from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) database. Incidence data were from the IARC CI5plus database. Survival data were from the IARC SURVCAN study. Prevalence data between 1990 and 2017 were from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation's (IHME) catalog while demographic data were from the World Bank Data Catalog. Cancer data for Taiwan between 1991 and 2016 were obtained from the Department of Health and Welfare. This study used visualization techniques that included: a choropleth map to display the prevalence of cancer; a tornado diagram to show the age-standardized mortality rates of all cancers among men and women in 2013; a treemap to show a ranking of cancer mortality data; a sunburst chart to show mortality rates of all cancers by gender; a line chart to show mortality trends for all cancers; a bar chart to show mortality and incidence rates and a heatmap to show variations in cancer across different countries.
The world cancer map generated by this study can be accessed at http://worldmap.csmu-liawyp.tw. Country-level mortality data are presented as crude and age-standardized rates.
We used visualization methodologies and constructed an easily maintainable web-based user interface with cancer data from administrative regions in 150 countries. This serves as a platform that allows researchers to manage and disseminate cancer data.
Gender differences of in-hospital outcomes in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention in the drug-eluting stent era
Authors: Kim Hack-Lyoung , Jang Jae-Sik , Kim Myung-A , Seo Jae-Bin , Chung Woo-Young , Kim Sang-Hyun , Park Seung-Jung , Youn Tae-Jin , Yoon Myeong-Ho , Lee Jae-Hwan , Chang Kiyuk , Jeong Myung Ho , Choi Rak Kyeong , Hong Myeong-Ki , Kim Hyo-Soo 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Most studies on gender difference of the in-hospital outcome of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were performed in the pre-drug-eluting stents (DES) era. This study was performed to investigate whether gender influences the in-hospital outcome of PCI in the DES era.
A total of 44,967 PCI procedure between January and December of 2014 from the nationwide PCI registry database in Korea were analyzed. The study population was male predominant (70.2%). We examined the association of gender with unadjusted and adjusted in-hospital mortality and composite events of PCI, including mortality, nonfatal myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis, stroke, urgent repeat PCI and bleeding requiring transfusion.
Most of the study patients (91.3%) received DES. The incidence rates of in-hospital mortality (2.95% vs 1.99%, P <.001) and composite events (7.01% vs 5.48%, P <.001) were significantly higher in women compared to men. Unadjusted analyses showed that women had a 1.49 times higher risk of in-hospital mortality and a 1.30 times higher risk of composite events than men (P <.001 for each). After adjustment for potential confounders, female gender was not a risk factor for mortality (P = .258), but the risk of composite events remained 1.20 times higher in women than in men (P = .008).
Among patients undergoing PCI in the contemporary DES era, female gender was associated with an increased risk of in-hospital composite events, but not in-hospital mortality. More careful attention should be emphasized to minimize procedure-related risks and to improve prognosis in women undergoing PCI.
Clinical significance of myositis-specific autoantibody profiles in Japanese patients with polymyositis/dermatomyositis
Authors: Temmoku Jumpei , Sato Shuzo , Fujita Yuya , Asano Tomoyuki , Suzuki Eiji , Kanno Takashi , Furuya Makiko Yashiro , Matsuoka Naoki , Kobayashi Hiroko , Watanabe Hiroshi , Koga Tomohiro , Shimizu Toshimasa , Kawakami Atsushi , Migita Kiyoshi 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Myositis-specific autoantibodies, such as anti-melanoma differentiation associated gene 5 (MDA5) and anti-anti-amino acyl-tRNA synthetases (ARS) antibodies, are associated with interstitial lung diseases (ILD), which determine the prognosis of polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM) patients. However, there is a paucity of data on the clinical correlation between anti-Sjögren syndrome-related antigen A (anti-SSA)/Ro52 antibodies in PM/DM. We investigated the prevalence of myositis-specific autoantibodies including anti-SSA/Ro52 antibody and assessed the clinical significance of these antibodies in patients with PM/DM.
We retrospectively reviewed demographic data and clinical outcomes in patients with PM/DM. The study population comprised 24 patients with PM and 60 patients with DM. The presence of anti-myositis-specific antibodies (MDA5, ARS, Jo-1, SSA/Ro52) was determined by immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Anti-MDA5 antibody was detected in 18 patients with DM (n = 60). Anti-ARS/anti-SSA/Ro52 antibodies were detected in 31 and 39 patients with PM/DM (n = 84). Rapidly progressive ILD patients were mainly found in the anti-MDA5 antibody-positive DM group. During the follow-up period, 9 patients died. Kaplan–Meier analysis demonstrated that survival rates seem to be lower in DM patients with anti-MDA5 antibodies compared with those without anti-MDA5 antibodies. Furthermore, dual positivity for anti-SSA/Ro52 and anti-MDA5 antibodies was significantly higher in nonsurviving DM patients compared with survivors.
Although the presence of anti-ARS or anti-MDA5 antibodies is a prognostic marker in patients with PM/DM, combined presence of anti-SSA/Ro52 and anti-MDA5 antibodies represent another marker for clinical outcome in DM patients. Our results suggest that anti-SSA/Ro52 antibody positivity in DM patients with anti-MDA5 antibody reveals a subgroup of DM patients with poor prognosis.