bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Host‐microbiota interactions shed light on mortality events in the striped venus clam Chamelea gallina
Authors: Milan Massimo , Smits Morgan , Dalla Rovere Giulia , Iori Silvia , Zampieri Angela , Carraro Lisa , Martino Camillo , Papetti Chiara , Ianni Andrea , Ferri Nicola , Iannaccone Marco , Patarnello Tomaso , Brunetta Romina , Ciofi Claudio , Grotta Lisa , Arcangeli Giuseppe , Bargelloni Luca , Cardazzo Barbara , Martino Giuseppe 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMass mortalities due to disease outbreaks have recently affected a number of major taxa in marine ecosystems. Climate‐ and pollution‐induced stress may compromise host immune defenses, increasing the risk of opportunistic diseases. Despite growing evidence that mass mortality events affecting marine species worldwide are strongly influenced by the interplay of numerous environmental factors, the reductionist approaches most frequently used to investigate these factors hindered the interpretation of these multifactorial pathologies. In this study, we propose a broader approach based on the combination of RNA‐sequencing and 16S microbiota analyses to decipher the factors underlying mass mortality in the striped venus clam, Chamelea gallina, along the Adriatic coast. On one hand, gene expression profiling and functional analyses of microbial communities showed the over‐expression of several genes and molecular pathways involved in xenobiotic metabolism, suggesting potential chemical contamination in mortality sites. On the other hand, the down‐regulation of several genes involved in immune and stress response, and the over‐representation of opportunistic pathogens such as Vibrio and Photobacterium spp. indicates that these microbial species may take advantage of compromised host immune pathways and defense mechanisms that are potentially affected by chemical exposure, resulting in periodic mortality events. We propose the application of our approach to interpret and anticipate the risks inherent in the combined effects of pollutants and microbes on marine animals in today's rapidly changing environment.
Long‐term evolution of the natural isolate of Escherichia coli 536 in the mouse gut colonized after maternal transmission reveals convergence in the constitutive expression of the lactose operon
Authors: Ghalayini Mohamed , Magnan Melanie , Dion Sara , Zatout Ouassila , Bourguignon Lucie , Tenaillon Olivier , Lescat Mathilde 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn vitro experimental evolution has taught us many lessons on the molecular bases of adaptation. To move towards more natural settings, evolution in the mice gut has been successfully performed. Yet, these experiments suffered from the use of laboratory strains as well as the use of axenic or streptomycin‐treated mice to maintain the inoculated strains. To circumvent these limitations, we conducted a one‐year experimental evolution in vivo using a natural isolate of E. coli, strain 536, in conditions mimicking as much as possible natural environment with mother‐to‐offspring microbiota transmission. Mice were then distributed in 24 independent cages and separated into two different diets: a regular one (chow diet, CD) and high‐fat and high‐sugar one (Western Diet, WD). Genome sequences revealed an early and rapid selection during the breastfeeding period that selected the constitutive expression of the well‐characterized lactose operon. E. coli was lost significantly more in CD than WD; however, we could not detect any genomic signature of selection, nor any diet specificities during the later part of the experiments. The apparently neutral evolution presumably due to low population size maintained nevertheless at high frequency the early selected mutations affecting lactose regulation. The rapid loss of lactose operon regulation challenges the idea that plastic gene expression is both optimal and stable in the wild.
Cell‐derived microparticles and von Willebrand factor in Brazilian renal transplant recipients
Authors: Martins Suellen R , Alves Lorraine V , Cardoso Carolina N , Silva Letícia G , Nunes Fernanda FC , de Lucas Júnior Fernando das M , Silva Ana CS , Dusse Luci MS , Alpoim Patrícia N , Mota Ana PL 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTAimThis study was aimed at investigating platelet‐derived microparticles (PMP), endothelium cell‐derived microparticles (EMP) and von Willebrand factor (VWF) according to renal function and time post‐transplant. We found this study relevant because unusual biomarkers seem to be a promising tool to evaluate chronic renal disease and post‐transplant monitoring.MethodsNinety‐one renal transplant recipients (RTx) were allocated into groups according to creatinine plasma levels (C1 < 1.4 and C2 ≥ 1.4 mg/dL), estimated glomerular filtration rates (R1 < 60 and R2 ≥ 60 mL/min per 1.73 m2) and time post‐transplant (T1: 3–24; T2: 25–60; T3: 61–120; and T4 > 120 months). EMP and PMP levels were assessed by flow cytometry and VWF levels were evaluated by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsPlatelet‐derived microparticle levels were higher in C1 group compared with C2 (P= 0.00). According to diameter, small PMP and EMP (≤0.7 μm) were also higher in C1 group, all values ofPless than 0.05. T1 and T2 groups have shown high EMP levels and a predominance of big microparticle (>0.7 μm) compared with T4 group, all values ofPless than 0.05. Higher VWF levels were observed among RTx with creatinine ≥1.4 mg/dL compared with other RTx,P= 0.01.ConclusionThe results showed that PMP, EMP and VWF are promising markers to evaluate endothelial function in RTx. These biomarkers could play a major role in monitoring patients after renal transplant.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease and chronic cough: A possible mechanism elucidated by ambulatory pH‐impedance‐pressure monitoring
Authors: Li Xiaoqing , Lin Sihui , Wang Zhifeng , Zhang Hong , Sun Xiaohong , Li Ji , Wu Dong , Ke Meiyun , Fang Xiucai 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe pathophysiological mechanism(s) of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)‐related chronic cough (CC) is unclear. We aimed to determine the mechanism of reflux‐induced cough by synchronous monitoring of reflux episodes, esophageal motility, and cough.MethodsPatients with GERD were prospectively enrolled and classified into GERD with CC (GERD‐CC) and without CC (GERD) groups. Twenty‐four‐hour ambulatory pH‐impedance‐pressure monitoring was performed; the reflux patterns, esophageal motility during prolonged exposure to acid and characteristics of reflux episodes that induced coughing paroxysms were analyzed.Key ResultsThirty‐one patients with GERD‐CC and 47 with GERD were enrolled; all of whose monitoring results fulfilled the criteria for diagnosis of GERD. Patients with GERD‐CC had higher reflux symptom scores, longer exposure to acid, higher DeMeester scores, and more frequent reflux episodes, proximal extent reflux detected by impedance, and higher percentage of strongly acidic reflux than patients in the GERD group (all P < .05). Of 63 reflux‐cough episodes identified in the GERD‐CC group, 74.6% of distal reflux and 67.0% of proximal reflux episodes were acidic. More patients had low pan‐esophageal pressure in primary peristalsis (48.5% vs 11.8%, P = .000) and synchronous contraction in secondary peristalsis during prolonged exposure to acid in the GERD‐CC than in the GERD group (63.9% vs 9.1%, P = .000).Conclusions & InferencesProximal acidic reflux and distal reflux‐reflex are jointly associated with reflux‐induced cough in patients with GERD. Low pan‐esophageal pressure in primary peristalsis and synchronous contraction in secondary peristalsis may play important roles in GERD‐associated chronic cough.
Natural variation at OsCERK1 regulates arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in rice
Authors: Huang Renliang , Li Zheng , Mao Cui , Zhang Hui , Sun Zhongfeng , Li Hao , Huang Congcong , Feng Yong , Shen Xianhua , Bucher Marcel , Zhang Zhongming , Lin Yongjun , Cao Yangrong , Duanmu Deqiang 
Published: September 2019

Summary

The symbiotic interaction between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and land plants is essential for efficient nutrient acquisition and utilisation. Our understanding of key processes controlling the AMF colonisation in rice is still limited.

Dongxiang wild rice (DY) exhibited a stronger colonisation with Rhizophagus irregularis than the rice cultivar Zhongzao 35 (ZZ35). Chromosome segment substitution lines were constructed and the OsCERK1 gene from DY was mapped. Transgenic plants in the japonica rice Zhonghua 11 (ZZ11) were constructed to compare root colonisation by AMF.

Chromosome single‐segment substitution lines containing OsCERK1DY showed higher phosphorus content and grain yield relative to ZZ35. Four amino acids substitutions were identified among the OsCERK1 haplotypes of DY, ZZ35 and ZH11 and two of these were in the second lysine‐motif domain, which is essential for the differences of AMF colonisation level among rice varieties. Heterologous expression of OsCERK1DY in ZH11 significantly enhanced AMF colonisation and increased resistance against the pathogenic fungi Magnaporthe oryzae. Notably, the OsCERK1DY haplotype was absent from 4660 cultivated rice varieties.

We conclude that OsCERK1 is a key gene affecting the symbiotic interaction with AMF and OsCERK1DY has the biotechnological potential to increase rice phosphorus acquisition and utilisation efficiency for sustainable agriculture.
The first INFORMAS national food environments and policies survey in New Zealand: A blueprint country profile for measuring progress on creating healthy food environments
Authors: Vandevijvere Stefanie , Mackay Sally , D'Souza Erica , Swinburn Boyd 
Published: September 2019

SummaryThe International Network for Food and Obesity/NCDs Research, Monitoring and Action Support aims to benchmark national food environments. This study proposes a blueprint country profile to measure progress on creating healthy food environments, based on the results of the first, comprehensive survey in New Zealand (NZ). We assessed the implementation of national food environment policies and food industry commitments to improve population nutrition and the strength and comprehensiveness of public sector settings' nutrition policies. The healthiness of the packaged food supply, including health‐related labelling, was evaluated. Food environments were measured in 833 schools, 204 supermarkets, 1500 takeaway outlets, 28 hospitals, 70 sport centres, and around all NZ schools. Food swamps, defined as areas with high relative density of unhealthy food outlets, were identified, and food marketing to children on television, websites, social media and packages, in magazines, and in and around schools was measured. The cost differential between healthy and current household diets was calculated for different population groups. NZ's food environment profile is largely unhealthy, and there are inequalities in access to healthy food environments. It is anticipated that the proposed country profile can help other countries tackle unhealthy food environments through increasing accountability of governments and the industry.
Neighborhood supermarket access and childhood obesity: A systematic review
Authors: Zhou Qian , Zhao Li , Zhang Longhao , Xiao Qian , Wu Tong , Visscher Tommy , Zhao Jinfeng , Xin Junguo , Yu Xueshuang , Xue Hong , Li Hong , Pan Jay , Jia Peng 
Published: September 2019

SummaryChildhood obesity is one of the most pressing public health issues nowadays. The environmental factors have been identified as potential risks for obesity, as they may influence people's lifestyle behaviours. Lack of access to supermarkets that usually provide healthy food options has been found to be a risk factor for childhood obesity in several studies. However, findings remained inconclusive. We aimed to systematically review the association between access to supermarkets and childhood obesity. A literature search was conducted in the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase for studies published before 1 January 2019. Twenty‐four studies conducted in four countries were identified, from which data on the basic characteristics of studies and participants, measures of access to supermarkets, and associations between access to supermarkets and weight‐related behaviours and outcomes were extracted. The median sample size was 1858 participants. Half of the included studies indicated a negative association, one fourth reported a positive association, and the remaining one fourth did not find a significant association. Better designed studies are necessary to achieve a robust understanding of this epidemiological relationship in the future.
Hospital readmission following pediatric heart transplantation
Authors: Mahle William T. , Mason Kristen L. , Dipchand Anne I. , Richmond Marc , Feingold Brian , Canter Charles E. , Hsu Daphne T. , Singh Tajinder P. , Shaddy Robert E. , Armstrong Brian D. , Zeevi Adriana , Iklé David N. , Diop Helena , Odim Jonah , Webber Steven A. ,   CTOTC‐04 Investigators
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe frequency, indications, and outcomes for readmission following pediatric heart transplantation are poorly characterized. A better understanding of this phenomenon will help guide strategies to address the causes of readmission. Data from the Clinical Trials in Organ Transplantation for Children (CTOTC‐04) multi‐institutional collaborative study were utilized to determine incidence of, and risk factors for, hospital readmission within 30 days and 1 year from initial hospital discharge. Among 240 transplants at 8 centers, 227 subjects were discharged and had follow‐up. 129 subjects (56.8%) were readmitted within one year; 71 had two or more readmissions. The 30‐day and 1‐year freedom from readmission were 70.5% (CI: 64.1%, 76.0%) and 42.2% (CI: 35.7%, 48.7%), respectively. The most common indications for readmissions were infection followed by rejection and fever without confirmed infection, accounting for 25.0%, 10.6%, and 6.2% of readmissions, respectively. Factors independently associated with increased risk of first readmission within 1 year (Cox proportional hazard model) were as follows: transplant in infancy (P = .05), longer transplant hospitalization (P = .04), lower UNOS urgency status (2/IB vs 1A) at transplant (P = .04), and Hispanic ethnicity (P = .05). Hospital readmission occurs frequently in the first year following discharge after heart transplantation with highest risk in the first 30 days. Infection is more common than rejection as cause for readmission, with death during readmission being rare. A number of patient factors are associated with higher risk of readmission. A fuller understanding of these risk factors may help tailor strategies to reduce unnecessary hospital readmission.
Reduced lung elastic recoil and fixed airflow obstruction in asthma
Authors: Tonga Katrina O. , Chapman David G. , Farah Claude S. , Oliver Brian G. , Zimmermann Sabine C. , Milne Stephen , Sanai Farid , Jetmalani Kanika , Berend Norbert , Thamrin Cindy , King Gregory G. 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTBackground and objectiveFixed airflow obstruction (FAO) in asthma occurs despite optimal inhaled treatment and no smoking history, and remains a significant problem, particularly with increasing age and duration of asthma. Increased lung compliance and loss of lung elastic recoil has been observed in older people with asthma, but their link to FAO has not been established. We determined the relationship between abnormal lung elasticity and airflow obstruction in asthma.MethodsNon‐smoking asthmatic subjects aged >40 years, treated with 2 months of high‐dose inhaled corticosteroid/long‐acting beta‐agonist (ICS/LABA), had FAO measured by spirometry, and respiratory system resistance at 5 Hz (Rrs5) and respiratory system reactance at 5 Hz (Xrs5) measured by forced oscillation technique. Lung compliance (K) and elastic recoil (B/A) were calculated from pressure–volume curves measured by an oesophageal balloon. Linear correlations between K and B/A, and forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC), Rrs5 and Xrs5 were assessed.ResultsEighteen subjects (11 males; mean ± SD age: 64 ± 8 years, asthma duration: 39 ± 22 years) had moderate FAO measured by spirometry ((mean ± SD z‐score) post‐bronchodilator FEV1: −2.2 ± 0.5, FVC: −0.7 ± 1.0, FEV1/FVC: −2.6 ± 0.7) and by increased Rrs5 (median (IQR) z‐score) 2.7 (1.9 to 3.2) and decreased Xrs5: −4.1(−2.4 to −7.3). Lung compliance (K) was increased in 9 of 18 subjects and lung elastic recoil (B/A) reduced in 5 of 18 subjects. FEV1/FVC correlated negatively with K (rs = −0.60, P = 0.008) and Rrs5 correlated negatively with B/A (rs = −0.52, P = 0.026), independent of age. Xrs5 did not correlate with lung elasticity indices.ConclusionIncreased lung compliance and loss of elastic recoil relate to airflow obstruction in older non‐smoking asthmatic subjects, independent of ageing. Thus, structural lung tissue changes may contribute to persistent, steroid‐resistant airflow obstruction.Clinical trial registration: ACTRN126150000985583 at anzctr.org.au (UTN: U1111‐1156‐2795)
Visual and spatial hybridity in the early modern Iberian world
Authors: Fernández‐González Laura , Trusted Marjorie 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe present Special Issue examines visual and spatial hybridity in order to explore how theories of encounter, hybridity and globalisation can be applied to the visual arts of the Iberian world in both European and extra‐European contexts. It examines hybridity through case studies from Spain and Portugal, as well as cultural, artistic and architectural production in other imperial centres in the Iberian world. The eight articles that comprise this themed issue discuss the circulation of works of art and ideas, continuity and change, and processes of acculturation in comparative perspectives. Articles engage critically with the limits of hybridity as a historiographical term, and what they pose for our understanding of early modern visual culture. While the proposed Special Issue does not include a case study of every city or region in the Iberian world, articles discuss how artistic and cultural production combined forms expressing local, regional and the transregional identities, thus creating a rich variety of cross‐cultural designs that are a reflection of the period, both within and beyond Iberian imperial boundaries.
Geochemistry and Fluid Inclusions Analysis of Vein Quartz in the Multiple Hydrothermal Systems of Mankayan Mineral District, Philippines
Authors: Manalo Pearlyn C. , Subang Leo L. , Imai Akira , de los Santos Mervin C. , Takahashi Ryohei , Blamey Nigel J. F. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSeveral high‐sulfidation epithermal gold orebodies in the Mankayan Mineral District were formed in an environment that has been already affected by earlier porphyry‐type mineralization. This study reports the geologic and geochemical characteristics of the Carmen and Florence epithermal orebodies, which are located in the south of the Lepanto main enargite–gold orebody. The gold‐bearing epithermal quartz veins in the Carmen and Florence areas are of two types: (i) the enargite‐rich veins and (ii) the quartz–pyrite–gold (QPG) veins. The two types of veins are mainly hosted by the Cretaceous Lepanto Metavolcanics basement rocks, with minor veins cutting the Pleistocene Imbanguila Dacite Pyroclastics. The mineral assemblages and homogenization temperatures of fluid inclusions indicate that the Carmen and Florence orebodies were deposited by fluids varying from high to very high sulfidation state. The enargite and QPG epithermal veins of Carmen and Florence cut porphyry‐type quartz veinlet stockworks and veins that host polyphase hypersaline fluid inclusions that did not homogenize at or below 400°C. These high‐temperature quartz exhibits distinctly different mineral chemistry from the quartz of the QPG and enargite‐rich epithermal veins. In particular, the Ti content of quartz of the porphyry‐type veinlet stockwork is elevated (>100 ppm), whereas the Ti concentration of the epithermal vein quartz crystals are below detection limits. The Fe concentration of quartz is high in epithermal vein quartz (>300 ppm), whereas nearly undetected in the porphyry‐type stockwork veinlet quartz. Multiple generations of quartz with different mineral chemistry, fluid inclusions morphology, temperature, salinity and bulk gas compositions, and stable isotopic ratios indicate the variable hydrothermal conditions throughout the mineralization history of the Mankayan District. The temperature, pH, sulfidation state, oxidation state, and fluid composition vary among the orebodies in Carmen and Florence areas. Furthermore, the characteristics of earlier alteration affected the apparent characteristics of subsequent mineralization.
Duration of sudden stop spells: A hazard model approach
Authors: Bandaogo Mahama Samir , Chen Yu‐chin 
Published: September 2019

AbstractUsing a hazard‐based duration model, we analyze the determinants of the duration of a period of sudden stop, which is defined as a drop in capital inflow by two standard deviations, for at least two consecutive quarters. The hazard model estimates the conditional probability that the country exits the sudden stop today given that it experienced one until the end of last period. We find that a higher ratio of foreign exchange reserves to short‐term external debt shortens the duration of sudden stops. We also find that a higher global economic growth rate tends to shorten sudden stop spells. Our results are robust to various alternative specifications.
Assessment of oral health‐related quality of life in adolescents, young adults, and adults with dental agenesis: A comparative study
Authors: Antunes Lívia Azeredo Alves , Freire Jacquelline Santos , Da Silva Gabriel Inácio Melandes , Rodrigues Amanda Silva , Antunes Leonardo Dos Santos 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAimTo detect the impact on oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) in adolescents, young adults, and adults with dental agenesis (DA).MethodsA comparative study (1:2) matched for age and sex was designed. Data of participants, aged 14‐55 years (group with DA: G1; group without DA: G2), and who answered the Brazilian version of the Oral Health Impact Profile‐14 questionnaire, were collected. One‐way analysis of variance and Student's t‐test were applied, considering p <.05 to be significant.ResultsThe final sample consisted of 90 participants (G1 = 30; G2 = 60), with a mean age of 28.76 (±10.87) years. The mean scores in the G1 and G2 groups were 5.30 ± 5.35 and 2.45 ± 3.95, respectively. Comparing the means of both groups, in terms of the total score (p = .01), psychological discomfort (p = .04), psychological disability (p = .01), and social disability (p = .04) showed statistical differences. Evaluating G1, the age did not influence the negative impact on OHRQoL. The variables, years of study (≥9), DA severity, and location of DA in the anterior and posterior regions negatively influenced OHRQoL in different domains (p <.05).ConclusionDespite low OHRQoL, DA generated negative impact on OHRQoL in adolescents/young adults, and adults.