bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distinct modes of stress granule assembly mediated by the KH‐type RNA‐binding protein Rnc1
Authors: Satoh Ryosuke , Hara Nobuki , Kawasaki Aki , Takasaki Teruaki , Sugiura Reiko 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe have previously identified the KH‐type RNA‐binding protein Rnc1 as an important regulator of the posttranscriptional expression of the MAPK phosphatase Pmp1 in fission yeast. Rnc1 localization in response to stress has not been elucidated thus far. Here, we report the dual roles of Rnc1 in assembly of stress granules (SGs), nonmembranous cytoplasmic foci composed of messenger ribonucleoproteins. Rnc1 can localize to poly(A)‐binding protein (Pabp)‐positive SGs upon various stress stimuli, including heat shock (HS) and arsenite treatment. Furthermore, Rnc1 deletion results in decreased SGs, indicating that Rnc1 is a new component and a regulator of SGs. Notably, Rnc1 translocates to the dot‐like structures faster than Pabp, and this stress‐induced Rnc1 translocation does not require its RNA‐binding ability, as the Rnc1KH1,2,3GD mutant protein with impaired RNA‐binding activity forms dots rather more efficiently than the wild‐type Rnc1 upon HS. Interestingly, in the absence of stress, Rnc1 overproduction induced massive aggregation of Pabp‐positive SGs and eIF2α phosphorylation. In clear contrast, overproduction of the Rnc1KH1,2,3GD mutant failed to induce Pabp aggregation and eIF2α phosphorylation, indicating that Rnc1 overproduction‐induced SG assembly requires Rnc1 RNA‐binding activity. Collectively, Rnc1 regulates SG assembly, dependently or independently of its RNA‐binding activity.
Pathological features of total gastrectomy specimens from asymptomatic hereditary diffuse gastric cancer patients and implications for clinical management
Authors: Rocha João P , Gullo Irene , Wen Xiaogang , Devezas Vítor , Baptista Manuela , Oliveira Carla , Carneiro Fátima 
Published: July 2018

Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC) is an autosomal dominant syndrome characterised by multigenerational diffuse gastric cancer, and is mainly caused by germline alterations in the CDH1 gene. Currently, endoscopy has limited diagnostic accuracy, and total gastrectomy (TG) is the treatment of choice for asymptomatic CDH1 carriers. In this study, we aimed to obtain a better understanding of HDGC syndrome by exploring the histopathological findings of TG specimens from asymptomatic HDGC patients. A comprehensive literature review was carried out, searching for TGs performed in asymptomatic HDGC patients. Fourteen unpublished cases, analysed in our institution, were also included. The series encompassed 174 CDH1 carriers. Preoperative endoscopic biopsies were positive in 28.3%. A macroscopic lesion was apparent in 11.7% of TGs. Histopathological analysis revealed intraepithelial lesions and/or intramucosal signet ring cell carcinoma in 87.9% of TGs. When we explored the type of protocol used for handling the specimens, we found that microscopic cancer foci were detected in 95.3% of TGs when a total‐embedding protocol (assessment of the totality of gastric mucosa) was applied, and only in 62.5% when no specific protocol was used (P < 0.001). Helicobacter pylori infection was found in 23.4% cases. In conclusion, a thorough histopathological examination of gastric mucosa remains the gold standard for detection of cancer foci in HDGC gastrectomy specimens, requiring experienced pathologists for an accurate diagnosis. A better understanding of the natural history of HDGC will enable better clinical management of HDGC patients, particularly regarding the optimal timing for the performance of TG.
Illness perceptions of Chinese women with breast cancer and relationships with socio‐demographic and clinical characteristics
Authors: Ma Chunhua , Yan Jun , Wu Yan , Huang Wanbing 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAimsThe aim of the study is to explore the illness perceptions of Chinese women with breast cancer and relationships with their socio‐demographic and clinical characteristics.MethodsA descriptive, correlational, and exploratory design was used. The Chinese version of the Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire was modified and used to collect data.ResultsOf the 16 common symptoms of breast cancer, the participants recognized only 2.81 symptoms, on average. Of the 6 causal factors, “uncontrollable factors” had the highest mean score, while “behavioural factors” received the lowest score. Most of the participants knew little about the disease, perceived that this illness is cyclic in nature and would not last for a long time, believed that the illness could have serious consequences but could be controlled, and reported having negative emotional responses to this illness. Most of the dimensions of illness perception were significantly correlated with one another. Furthermore, some socio‐demographic and clinical characteristics were confirmed to be predictors of illness perceptions.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that illness perceptions should be regarded as a whole to guide the coping process of Chinese women with breast cancer and provide new clinical information to support care for this group.
Erectile dysfunction and atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Chokesuwattanaskul Ronpichai , Thongprayoon Charat , Pachariyanon Pavida , Sharma Konika , Ungprasert Patompong , Bathini Tarun , Cheungpasitporn Wisit 
Published: July 2018

ObjectiveTo investigate the pooled incidence or the prevalence of erectile dysfunction, and to assess the risk of erectile dysfunction in patients with atrial fibrillation.MethodsA systematic review was carried out in the MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane databases from inception through January 2018 to identify: (i) studies that reported the incidence and/or prevalence of erectile dysfunction in atrial fibrillation patients; or (ii) studies that assessed the association between atrial fibrillation and erectile dysfunction. Pooled odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using a random effects model.ResultsFive observational studies (27 841 patients) were enrolled. The pooled estimated prevalence of erectile dysfunction in atrial fibrillation patients was 57% (95% confidence interval 50–64, I2 = 0). A study showed an incidence of newly diagnosed erectile dysfunction in atrial fibrillation patients of 0.96% during the mean follow‐up duration of 4.67 ± 3.20 years. There was a significant association of atrial fibrillation with an increased risk of erectile dysfunction, with a pooled odds ratio of 1.79 (95% confidence interval 1.44–2.23, I2 = 0%). The data on the risk of atrial fibrillation development in patients with erectile dysfunction were limited. A study showed the comparable risk of atrial fibrillation in patients with erectile dysfunction (odds ratio 1.03, 95% confidence interval 0.67–1.5), when compared with those without erectile dysfunction.ConclusionsThe present study suggests a significant association between erectile dysfunction and atrial fibrillation. The overall estimated prevalence of erectile dysfunction among atrial fibrillation patients is 57%. However, despite limited data, the current evidence suggests a low incidence of new erectile dysfunction in atrial fibrillation patients.
Does Geographic Proximity Change the Passiveness of Equity Ownership by Bank Trust?
Authors: Chang Kiyoung , Li Ying , Yi Ha‐Chin 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe provide evidence that while concentrated bank trust ownership is passive with distant firms, it is nonpassive with local firms and reduce their risk‐taking. Concentrated local bank trust ownership is associated with (i) lower future firm equity beta and (ii) less uncertain corporate policies. The results cannot be explained by private information alone, are not driven by local bank trusts as a mixed debt‐equity holder, and are robust to various tests for endogeneity. We also explore channels through which local bank trusts could exert their influence, including their stabilizing function during crisis periods and joining force with local independent directors.
Tax Avoidance, Near‐Future Earnings, and Resource Availability
Authors: Lee Namryoung 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis study examines the impact of near‐future earnings and resource availability on current‐year tax avoidance behavior from the perspective of both tax and non‐tax costs. Two conclusions are reached. First, when firms expect high‐earnings performance in the near future, they aggressively engage in current‐year tax planning to manage potential future tax and non‐tax costs. Second, firms that expect high‐resource availability in the near future put tax audit risks and resultant non‐tax costs on the front burner. Therefore, they are unlikely to undertake aggressive tax avoidance behavior.
Genetic analysis of production traits in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) using random regression models based on molecular relatedness
Authors: Schlicht Kristina , Krattenmacher Nina , Lugert Vincent , Schulz Carsten , Thaller Georg , Tetens Jens 
Published: July 2018

AbstractReliable estimates of genetic parameters for growth traits as a trajectory of age are needed to optimize existing turbot breeding programmes. To evaluate the potential of early selection strategies, the use of biometric body measurements, length (L), width (W) and area (A), at early ages as alternative indicators for the selection trait at harvest was explored. Random regression model (RRM) based on molecular relatedness (MR) was used to analyse the trajectory of genetic parameters for growth traits in turbot from 162 to 756 days posthatch (dph). Heritability estimates for body weight (BW) ranged from 0.34 to 0.54. Heritability estimates for W, A and L were also moderate to high ranging from 0.18 to 0.43. Estimates for L and W declined with age, while those for A increased towards harvest age. Genetic (rG) and phenotypic (rP) correlations between BW and the three morphometric traits L, A and W were estimated using simple bivariate animal models at young (AC1), medium (AC2) and old (AC3) age classes. Correlations between BW and morphometric body traits were high, ranging from 0.7 to 0.9 in all three age groups. Genetic correlations between traits were highest (>0.9) in AC3. To explore the potential for early selection, genetic correlations were derived from the RRM between all days of measurement for all traits separately. From dph 300 onwards, intratrait estimates of rG were moderate to high (above 0.7 for dph 410 and higher ages for traits BW, L and A). Results showed that genetic selection for BW, L and A is promising and that A and L could be successfully used as alternative indicator traits if measurements of BW are not available. Large BW and A at harvest could be achieved as a correlated response to early selection for these traits at around 500 dph.
Computing inbreeding coefficients and the inverse numerator relationship matrix in large populations of honey bees
Authors: Bernstein Richard , Plate Manuel , Hoppe Andreas , Bienefeld Kaspar 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe inbreeding coefficients are considered in breeding decisions, and the inverse numerator relationship matrix A−1 is a prerequisite for breeding value estimation. Polyandry and haploid males are among the specifics of relationships between honey bees. Brascamp and Bijma (2014) averaged out the manifold possible relationships among honey bees that appear to have the same parents in a pedigree and assigned a single entry in A to animals that behave as a unit, for example, the workers of a hive. Their methods of calculation connected full‐sibs in the variance matrix of the Mendelian sampling terms D, via nonzero off‐diagonal elements. This impedes the inversion of A and the closely connected calculation of inbreeding coefficients, because efficient algorithms for this task take D to be a diagonal matrix. Memory limitations necessitate their use for large data sets. We adapted the quickest of them to the block diagonal matrix D, that is postulated for the honey bee. To our knowledge, the presented algorithm is the first one that facilitates the method of Brascamp and Bijma (2014) on large data sets.
Frequency of in‐hospital adverse outcomes and cost utilization associated with cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator implantation in the United States
Authors: Patel Nilay , Viles‐Gonzalez Juan , Agnihotri Kanishk , Arora Shilpkumar , Patel Nileshkumar J. , Aneja Ekta , Shah Mahek , Badheka Apurva O. , Pothineni Naga Venkata , Kancharla Krishna , Mulpuru Siva , Noseworthy Peter A. , Kusumoto Fred , Cha Yong Mei , Deshmukh Abhishek J. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackground: The utilization of cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator (CRT‐D) has increased significantly, since its initial approval for use in selected patients with heart failure. Limited data exist as for current trends in implant‐related in‐hospital complications and cost utilization. The aim of our study was to examine in‐hospital complication rates associated with CRT‐D and their trends over the last decade.Methods and Results: Using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample, we estimated 378 248 CRT‐D procedures from 2003 to 2012. We investigated common complications, including mechanical, cardiovascular, pericardial complications (hemopericardium, cardiac tamponade, or pericardiocentesis), pneumothorax, stroke, vascular complications (consisting of hemorrhage/hematoma, incidents requiring surgical repair, and accidental arterial puncture), and in‐hospital deaths described with CRT‐D, defining them by the validated International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification diagnosis code. Mechanical complications (5.9%) were the commonest, followed by cardiovascular (3.6%), respiratory failure (2.4%), and pneumothorax (1.5%). Age (≥65 years), female gender (OR, 95% CI; P value) (1.08, 1.03‐1.13; 0.001), and the Charlson score ≥3 (1.52, 1.45‐1.60; <0.001) were significantly associated with increased mortality/complications.Conclusions: The overall complication rate in patients undergoing CRT‐D has been increasing in the last decade. Age (≥65), female sex, and the Charlson score ≥3 were associated with higher complications. In patients who underwent CRT‐D implantation, postoperative complications were associated with significant increases in cost.
The evolution of GRADE (part 2): Still searching for a theoretical and/or empirical basis for the GRADE framework
Authors: Mercuri Mathew , Gafni Amiram 
Published: July 2018

AbstractRationale, aims, and objectivesThe GRADE framework has been widely adopted as the preferred method for developing clinical practice recommendations. In the first article of our three part series examining the evolution of GRADE, we showed an absence (in the first two versions of GRADE) of a theoretical basis and/or empirical data to support why the presented criteria for determining the quality of evidence regarding the effect estimate and the components under consideration for determining the strength of the recommendation were included and other criteria/components excluded. Furthermore, often, it was not clear how to operationalize the included criteria/components (and integrate them) when using the framework. In part 2 of this series, we examine if version 3 of GRADE offered improvements on previous versions with respect to a justification scheme and how to operationalize the framework's criteria/components.MethodsNarrative review.ResultsOur examination suggests that version 3 has done little to improve on the justification scheme that sustains GRADE. Still absent is a justification (theoretical and/or empirical) for why the criteria/components were chosen. Likewise, version 3 is still lacking clarity regarding how to implement and integrate the criteria/considerations in the framework (ie, operationalize the framework) when determining the quality of evidence or strength of recommendation. Transparency is now emphasized as the merit of GRADE. However, we are offered no theoretical justification for how the use of GRADE should achieve transparency or empirical evidence to support that transparency is achieved.ConclusionsWhile version 3 reveals acknowledgement by the authors of GRADE that the framework is a work in progress, it still lacks a justification scheme (theoretical and/or empirical) to sustain it and clarity in its criteria/components to operationalize it. As was suggested in part 1, such issues limit one's ability to scientifically assess the appropriateness of GRADE for its stated purpose.
Late‐life living and care arrangements of older Filipino New Zealanders
Authors: Montayre Jed , Neville Stephen , Wright‐St Clair Valerie , Holroyd Eleanor , Adams Jeffery 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAims and objectivesTo explore the living and care arrangement plans of older Filipino immigrants in New Zealand.BackgroundNew Zealand is rapidly becoming the host to an increasing number of ageing Filipino immigrants. Despite this sizeable population growth of ageing Filipinos in New Zealand, still very little is known about this ethnic group's care needs and living arrangement preferences in later life within the New Zealand context.DesignQualitative descriptive approach.MethodsData were collected from 15 older Filipinos who participated in face‐to‐face interviews. Data were analysed using a thematic analytical framework.ResultsTwo major themes were identified from the data analysis. The first theme “preferred living and care arrangements” is about older Filipinos’ preferred plans for future residence and in receiving care when no longer able to function independently in their own homes. The second theme “negotiating readiness and acceptance” is about hypothetical situations that older Filipinos described and anticipated that will greatly facilitate their readiness and acceptance to living in aged care facilities.ConclusionThe study results have implications for service delivery within the New Zealand residential aged care sector. Due to an increasing number of older Filipino immigrants requiring care, residential aged care facilities must ensure their care models meet the needs of this growing group of older people.Relevance to clinical practiceNursing staff skill sets in the aged care sector require sensitivity to older immigrants’ health needs without compromising cultural beliefs and practices while living in residential aged care facilities.
Improving the handover and transport of critically ill pediatric patients
Authors: VanGraafeiland Brigit , Foronda Cynthia , Vanderwagen Sarah , Allan Laura , Bernier Meghan , Fishe Jennifer , Hunt Elizabeth A. , Jeffers Justin M. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAims and ObjectivesThe aims of this project were to (a) determine barriers to current handover and transport process, (b) develop a new protocol and process for team‐to‐team handover, and (c) evaluate staff satisfaction with the new process.BackgroundThe handover and transport of critically ill patients from the paediatric emergency department to the paediatric intensive care unit is a period of vulnerability associated with adverse events.DesignA mixed‐methods study using a quasi‐experimental design and qualitative approach.MethodsFocus groups were conducted to determine the barriers and facilitators of the current handover and transport process. Using these themes, a multidisciplinary team developed and implemented a new process including establishment of eight patient criteria for specialised transport and a standardised, interdisciplinary handover tool for team‐to‐team handover. Staff satisfaction was examined pre‐ and postintervention.ResultsContent analysis of focus groups revealed five categories: need for improved communication, cultural dissonance among units, defects in system and processes, need for standardisation and ambiguity between providers regarding acuity. Staff members reported improvements in their perceptions of satisfaction, safety, communication and role understanding associated with the new process.ConclusionsStandardisation through the establishment of severity of illness criteria and communication tools creates shared mental models and decreases risks to safety. A paradigm shift of team‐to‐team handover and transport is recommended.Relevance to clinical practiceThis paper suggests the importance of improving communication during the handover and transport process through establishing standardised patient severity of illness criteria, use of standardised tools and team‐to‐team handover processes.
Performance and outcomes of noninvasive prenatal testing for twin pregnancies in Japan
Authors: Takeda Eri , Suzumori Nobuhiro , Kumagai Kyoko , Inuzuka Saki , Oseto Kumiko , Ohigashi Yuka , Yotsumoto Junko , Miyake Hidehiko , Sugiura‐Ogasawara Mayumi 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAimThe purpose of this study was to describe the characteristics of women with twin pregnancies who undergo noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) as well as the post‐partum and neonatal outcomes of such cases in Japan.MethodsThe study population consisted of women who were pregnant with twins and who underwent NIPT using massively parallel sequencing (MPS) at Nagoya City University Hospital between April 2013 and June 2016. Questionnaires were completed pre‐NIPT and post‐partum.ResultsAmong 4009 women who underwent NIPT during the study period, 75 women (1.9%) were pregnant with twins. Fifteen women (20%) experienced vanishing twin/intrauterine fetal deaths at <22 weeks, and 60 women (80%) had normal twin pregnancies at the time of genetic counseling for NIPT. The use of NIPT was correlated with increased proportions of women using assisted reproductive technology (ART). The test had a high performance, with a false‐positive rate of 1.7% and no false negatives.ConclusionIn this study, NIPT had a high performance, with a false positive rate of 1.7% and no false negatives. When treating women with twin pregnancies, the efficacy of NIPT should be explained during genetic counseling. Further larger studies are required to assess the reliability and validity of NIPT in twin pregnancies.
The level of vitamin D using the LC–MS/MS method and related factors in healthy Korean postmenopausal women
Authors: Park Eun Jung , Lee Hong Soo , Lee Sang Hwa , Shim Kyung Won , Cho Chooyon , Yoo Byung‐Wook 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAimThe main purposes of the study were (i) to evaluate serum vitamin D concentration in the forms of 25(OH)D2, 25(OH)D3 and total 25(OH)D in Korean postmenopausal women using the LC–MS/MS method, which offers increased sensitivity and selectivity; (ii) to determine the relationship between the bone turnover marker, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and 25(OH)D3, total 25(OH)D separately; and (iii) to determine the factors that may be associated with vitamin D deficiency using body composition analysis and laboratory blood tests.MethodA total of 200 postmenopausal women were recruited from November 2012 to March 2014. To control for seasonal ultraviolet exposure time differences in serum 25(OH)D, laboratory tests were performed only from November to March when vitamin D is not synthesized. Independent relationships between 25(OH)D3, total 25(OH)D and other variables were assessed by multiple regression analysis.ResultsThe mean serum 25(OH)D2, 25(OH)D3 and total 25(OH)D levels were 0.51 (±0.44) ng/mL, 14.23 (±7.05) ng/mL and 14.69 (±7.13) ng/mL, respectively. Both 25(OH)D3 and total 25(OH)D were positively correlated with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), Apo A‐I and C‐terminal cross‐linked telopeptides of type I collagen in Korean postmenopausal women. Both serum 25(OH)D3 and total 25(OH)D were negatively correlated with alkaline phosphatase , PTH and percent body fat. However, osteocalcin showed a negative correlation (r = −0.451; P = 0.041) with only 25(OH)D3 and not with total 25(OH)D (r = −0.417; P = 0.064).ConclusionBoth 25(OH)D3 and total 25(OH)D were negatively correlated with PTH, a bone formation marker (alkaline phosphatase) and percent body fat. Both 25(OH)D3 and total 25(OH)D were positively correlated with a bone resorption marker (C‐terminal cross‐linked telopeptides of type I collagen), ESR and Apo A‐I after multiple regression analysis.