bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved CO2 Sorption Performance of Calcium Oxide (CaO) Sorbent with Nickel Oxide Additive
Authors: Selva Kumar Vitiyaa , Hua Lee Zhi , Huey Sim Jia , Chyen Law Ser , Rahman Mohamed Abdul 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Currently, carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology appeared to be the most viable method to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emission from its existing sources. This paper reports the improved performance of calcium oxide (CaO)-based sorbents with the addition of nickel oxide (NiO) as an additive (denoted as CaO:NiO) in CO2 sorption process (CaO carbonation reaction). Pure CaO was used as benchmarked sorbent in this study. The samples were synthesized using the sol-gel method and CaO:NiO were evaluated for their performance in CaO carbonation at different sorption temperatures, from its CO2 sorption capacity, CO2 sorption rate, and kinetic performance. CaO:NiO has demonstrated an excellent CO2 sorption capacity of 0.79 mmol CO2/mmol CaO, meanwhile pure CaO exhibited lower CO2 sorption capacity of 0.61 mmol CO2/mmol CaO at 600 °C. During the chemical reaction controlled stage, the CO2 sorption rate of CaO:NiO was 0.78 mmol CO2/mmol CaO.min at 600 °C compared to pure CaO with sorption rate of 0.18 mmol CO2/mmol CaO.min. This study indicates that the addition of nickel oxide has successfully improved the CO2 sorption rate and capacity of CaO for CaO:NiO. Based on the kinetic study, it has been observed that the diffusion controlled stage has a greater resistance towards the CO2 sorption process (carbonation reaction) compared to rapid chemical reaction controlled stage. Experimental carbonation data for CaO:NiO fitted very well to the shrinking core model (SCM) with high correlation coefficient (R2 >0.936). The specific rate constants of rapid chemical reaction and diffusion-limited stages are directly proportional to the carbonation temperature. The activation energy required for CaO:NiO sorbent during the chemical reaction control stage was 31.81 kJ/mol.
Flow and Heat Transfer in Curve Channel with Cosinoidal Wave Wall Structure
Authors: Zhang L Y , Lu Z , Yang X , Wei L C , Meng X Z , Jin L W 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Heat transfer rate in curve channel decreases with channel curvature since the secondary flow turns weak with the decrease of centrifugal force. In this paper, the periodical wave wall structure is introduced into curve channel for improving heat transfer rate in the curve channel with small curvature. The channel radius is not constant anymore but varies periodically based on a cosinoidal function. Three-dimensional numerical investigation was carried out to explore the flow and heat transfer characteristics in the curve-wave channel, and the effects of wave frequency and average curvature on the heat transfer performance were analysed. The results show that the heat transfer rate in curve channel can be improve up to 95.50% due to the periodical wave wall structure, while the friction factor increases by 53.94%. The effect of periodical wave wall structure gets obvious with the increase of Re. Heat transfer in curve-wave channel can be further enhanced by increasing wave frequency of channel wall. In addition, the effect of wave wall structure on heat transfer is dependent on the overall curvature of curve-wave channel and stronger for larger-curvature curve-wave channel. The performance factors of all the curve-wave channels are almost above 1, indicating that this structure can be used as an economic passive heat transfer enhancement method.
Microwave Sintering of Yttria-Stabilised Zirconia
Authors: Ting M L , Ting C H , Chin K L , Yeo W H , Jun H K , Ng C K , Singh R 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
3mol% yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (3Y-TZP) ceramic is widely used as engineering material owing to its great strength. Recently, 3Y-TZP ceramic is receiving great response in dental restoration due to its bio-compatible properties and aesthetic appearance. To achieve high bulk density, high sintering temperature (> 1500 °C), low firing rate (10 °C/min) coupled with long dwelling period (2 hours) are required in conventional sintering (CS) to fabricate 3Y-TZP ceramic which resulted in high energy consumption. Therefore, non-conventional sintering technique with low energy consumption such as microwave (MW) sintering is worth to explore as almost 100 % of electromagnetic energy is converted into heat largely within the sample itself. The commercial available 3Y-TZP powder was MW fired from 1200 °C to 1400 °C. The 3Y-TZP ceramics fabricated via MW sintering was compared with those CS samples by assessing the densification and mechanical properties of the ceramics. It was revealed that the total sintering time was reduced by 75 % for microwave-sintered 3Y-TZP ceramics to achieve relative density of ∼ 98 %, Young’s modulus of ∼ 205 GPa, and Vicker’s hardness of 14.15 GPa at low sintering temperature (1200 °C) as compared to CS ceramic that required temperature above 1250 °C. However, the properties of both MW and CS-sintered ceramics are comparable when the sintering temperature exceeds 1250 °C.
Estimating the global solar radiation in Putrajaya using the Angstrom-Prescott model
Authors: Yew Tsung Kheng , Tan Rodney , Yun Ii Go 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Global solar radiation (GSR) studies are essential in enhancing the use of solar PV systems especially for Building Integrated PV system (BIPV). Various studies on GSR had been carried out in Malaysia including Penang, Kuala Lumpur and Kota Bharu at the earlier stage. Afterward, data from the Malaysian Meteorological Department (MET) and the Malaysian National University were used to estimate the monthly average daily global radiation for various locations in Malaysia including Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Petaling Jaya, Bandar Baru Bangi, Kota Baru, Senai, Bayan Lepas, Kuching and Kota Kinabalu. GSR in Putrajaya, a location which has identified to implement Malaysian Building Integrated Photovoltaic (MBIPV) projects has yet to be estimated. The conventional method to obtain the amount of GSR at a location is to install a measuring device like a pyranometer at the site to observe and document its day-to-day recordings. However, this is a time-consuming and costly practice. The models used to estimate the GSR are usually based on astronomical factors, geometrical factors, physical factors and meteorological factors. There are numerous models used to predict GSR which can be categorized based on sunshine, cloud, temperature and other meteorological parameters. Additionally, the global solar energy models can be grouped by its modelling techniques such as linear, nonlinear, artificial intelligence and fuzzy logic modelling techniques. The reviews discovered that the models used to estimate GSR were mostly correlated to sunshine duration (SD), air temperature, relative humidity and geographical parameters like latitude, longitude and altitude. In this paper, the GSR in Putrajaya is estimated from the hourly solar radiation and daily sunshine hours data from the Malaysian Meteorological Department. The data, along with the calculated monthly average daily extraterrestrial radiation on a horizontal surface and monthly average maximum possible daily sunshine is used to plot a scatter graph that is linearly fitted. The gradient and vertical axis cut-off from the linear fit is used to obtain the coefficients in the Angstrom-Prescott (A-P) model. Subsequently, the coefficients were used to estimate the GSR in Putrajaya. In line with the government’s initiative, this study will provide an estimation of the GSR in Putrajaya where the finding will be beneficial to the stakeholders, policy maker, developer and investor and energy authority. The average monthly GSR was obtained for nine out of twelve months with highest at 21.18 MJ/m2 in March and lowest at 18.34 MJ/m2 in June.
An Application of Genetic programming for Lithium-ion Battery Pack Enclosure Design: Modelling of Mass, Minimum Natural Frequency and Maximum Deformation Case
Authors: Shahin M.E. , Yun Liu , Chin C.M. M. , Gao Liang , Wang Chin-Tsan , Niu Xiaodong , Goyal Ankit , Garg Akhil 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
For ensuring the safety of battery pack and its enclosure, the mechanical design is crucial for generating lower deformation, lower stresses and vibrations during its actual operation. In addition, the minimum mass of battery pack is needed for lower energy consumption of pack. Therefore, the problem to be solved can be formulated as multi-objective optimization and much desire one for electric vehicle industry application. In this paper, the application of evolutionary approach of Genetic programming (GP) is illustrated for battery pack casing design considering the design requirements having higher mechanical performance. Data generated from finite element simulation was used as input in GP. The analysis concluded that the GP perform satisfactorily. GP models for three design outputs predicted the values in compare to actual values with errors RMSE and MAPE of .00154 and .00715, .000033 and 1.16, .52 and .48, respectively. These results can be used to design the battery pack enclosures. The similar models can be applied to different independent parameters to find out the possible relation in between them to correlate the results, find out the criticality of the individual parameter and then optimize the design accordingly.
Delfim-Soares explicit time marching method for modelling of ultrasonic wave in microalgae pre-treatment
Authors: Yen Tey Wah , Moon Lee Kiat , Che Sidik Nor Azwadi , Asako Yutaka 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Ultrasonic wave is one of the most popular pre-treatment methods of lipid extraction in microalgae, due to its low energy supply requirement, eco-friendliness and excellent cell disruption capability. Although quite some number of experimental works were reported, the numerical modelling of the ultrasonic wave in understanding the working principle of ultrasonic irradiation is limited so far, as to the knowledge of authors. The modelling is required for a more robust pre-treatment optimisation. Therefore, in current work, the numerical model of ultrasonic wave and its cavitation has been developed using the Delfim-Soares explicit time marching method (DSETM), which is proposed in recent years to solve structural vibration problem. The two dimensional wave equation in ultrasonic scale has been solved with the frequency of 20 kHz, 40 kHz and 60 Hz. Moreover, Rayleigh-Plesset equation is solved using the same method too to predict the growth of the radius of bubble due to different initial radius. It is found that higher wave frequency will not improve the speed of cavitation, but instead it can decrease the wavelength to increase the possibility of cavitation process occurrance in enhancing the pre-treatment efficiency.
Effects of Split-Main Injection Ratios on Diesel Combustion and Soot Emission Performance
Authors: Chong J Y , Poon H M , Tan C , Saw L H 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In this study, three-dimensional simulations are performed to determine the effects of split-main injection ratios on the soot formation process in a single-cylinder, light-duty, direct-injection diesel engine. Here, a multi-component diesel surrogate model is used to represent the actual diesel fuel and the effects of variations in fuel injection ratios, such as single-injection scheme, split-main injection scheme with ratios of 75-25, and 60-40, on the diesel combustion and soot formation predictions are investigated. It is found out that the use of split-main injection ratio of 60-40 is able to achieve the lowest soot emissions as compared to the others owing to its higher soot oxidation rate.
Experimental investigation on electro-thermal characteristics of the commercial Li-ion battery
Authors: Wei L C , Zhang L Y , Yang X , Lu Z , Meng X Z , Jin L W , Cao F 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
As the most commonly used power battery in electric vehicles, lithium-ion battery is sensitive to the operation temperature. The performance and lifespan of lithium-ion battery are strongly dependent on its working temperature. Various thermal management systems have been developed to maintain batteries’ operating temperature within an appropriate range. A properly designed thermal management system relies upon the understanding of battery’s heat-generation characteristics and the temperature effect on its discharging performance. In this research, an experimental investigation is carried out to study the electro-thermal characteristics of the commercial prismatic ternary lithium-ion battery under three thermal conditions. Constant temperature condition is built to explore the effect of the operating temperature, while near-adiabatic condition and natural-convection condition are employed to study the heat-generation characteristics of lithium-ion battery. The results show that the effect of operating temperature on discharge performance becomes more pronounced as the discharge rate increases. It is found that the surface temperature decreases when the battery discharges at small rates within the capacity ranged from 17Ah to 27Ah, demonstrating that the reversible heat makes up a large proportion of battery heat generation.
Flow and dispersion simulation using Computational Fluid Dynamics: A Case Study for EduCity in Iskandar Malaysia
Authors: Ng Jo-Han , Navarednam Shawn , Yao Wong Kang , Tung Chong Cheng 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Urbanisation has brought about various changes in the rural landscape, leading to a change in urban wind flow and pollutant dispersion. In this study, the flow and pollutant dispersion in a newly populated education hub, EduCity in Iskandar Malaysia are simulated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). In order to ensure accuracy of the numerical simulation, Geographical Informational System (GIS) data was used to replicate the terrain of the region, while the main buildings of the education hub were measured to a high level of detail. The inlet boundary conditions utilised the power law to describe the reference velocity-height relationship, while sand grain roughness and density of vegetation were also taken into account. In order to validate the simulation, wind conditions at three different locations within EduCity were measured and the maximum deviation of 3.45% were observed across various location-time combinations. Upon validation of the integrated model, upstream wind velocity was varied, while pollutant profiles and wind directions were fixed for the urban flow and pollutant dispersion simulations. From the results, it is shown that upstream wind velocities greatly change the localised characteristics of wind and pollutant flows, although limited by the constraints of the physical configurations of the buildings. The results show that CFD simulations can be used to manage the air qualities in education hubs, and helps dictates the planning of urban development.
Transition and Motion Sensing System with Nintendo Wiimote and Infra-Red LEDs Array
Authors: Raman M Nazri A , Chin Hock Goh , Roslan Nurzanariah , Hamidah A Hamid Saidatul , Ferdous Nayla 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In this work, a gesture and motion sensing system is explored with the Nintendo Wiimote and infra-red LEDs array. With the eminent Nintendo Wiimote controller, the personal computers and terminals can be connected to the system easily via Bluetooth wireless communication system. Although there are many devices that can be used to track the gesture and motion, they are able to connect to another device easily. The developed system is capable of making different applications as the interfacing problem has resolve. C# programming language is used to develop the graphical user interface and the mathematical algorithm. In order to verify the developed system, the transition of presentation slide is tested. By adjusting the sensitivity and threshold via mathematical formula, the gesture and motion sensing system is working excellently.
How stable are preferences among emerging electricity generation technologies
Authors: Yang Yanran , Wong-Parodi Gabrielle , Fischhoff Baruch 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Coal-fired power plants with carbon capture and sequestration (CCS), natural-gas-fired power plants with CCS, and Small Modular Reactors (SMR) are potentially important emerging energy technologies that could help mitigate climate change and contribute to a low-carbon future. Public opinion and preferences towards these technologies will affect their adoption when they are technologically ready to be implemented. This study examines the nature and stability of public preferences among these options. We find that participants have internally consistent preferences, when tested in several ways. Overall, they prefer SMRs to natural gas with CCS to coal with CCS. On a group level, these preferences depend on the choice alternatives, but not on how fully the technologies are described nor how far away a hypothetical power plant would be sited. On the individual level, preferences are related to participants’ perceptions of the technology and their political ideology. Our findings suggest that presenting the three technologies together will produce the most balanced, informed judgment, with the least influence of political ideology.
Evaluation of gravimetric-based technology-assisted workflow for nonhazardous sterile product preparation
Authors: Bucci Tyler G , Hedrick Tanner L , Roberts Patricia A , Lin Kinny , South Mark D , Willoughby Ian R , Eckel Stephen F , Hess Elizabeth T , Eberwein Samuel , Amerine Lindsey B 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPurposeThe impact of a gravimetric-based technology-assisted workflow (TAWF) system on the nonhazardous compounded sterile product (CSP) error capture rate, production times, and pharmacy staff perceptions of compounding methods was evaluated.MethodsFor 2 weeks prior to TAWF implementation, staff used a punch clock to document production times with a volumetric method. Preimplementation error data were captured in a previous study; TAWF software captured error and time data in the postimplementation period. An online staff survey was administered before and 90 days after TAWF implementation to evaluate perceptions of the 2 methods.ResultsThe error capture rates were 0.47% in the preimplementation period and 41.48% in the postimplementation period. The median time to prepare CSPs was significantly shorter in the preimplementation period versus the postimplementation period (p < 0.0001). The median time to check CSPs was significantly shorter at both 90 days (p < 0.0001) and 180 days (p = 0.0006) after TAWF implementation. When asked if the current method was the safest and the most accurate method for preparation, staff members’ perceptions improved from neutrality to agreement when the TAWF was implemented. Staff members were in agreement that the volumetric method was faster than the gravimetric TAWF method but were neutral as to whether the latter was the preferred compounding method.ConclusionThe study results indicated that gravimetric-based TAWF preparation of nonhazardous CSPs is slower than manual volumetric preparation but can improve the error capture rate. Staff perceived the gravimetric TAWF method to be the safest and most accurate for producing CSPs.
circDeep: deep learning approach for circular RNA classification from other long non-coding RNA
Authors: Chaabane Mohamed , Williams Robert M , Stephens Austin T , Park Juw Won 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Motivation
Over the past two decades, a circular form of RNA (circular RNA), produced through alternative splicing, has become the focus of scientific studies due to its major role as a microRNA (miRNA) activity modulator and its association with various diseases including cancer. Therefore, the detection of circular RNAs is vital to understanding their biogenesis and purpose. Prediction of circular RNA can be achieved in three steps: distinguishing non-coding RNAs from protein coding gene transcripts, separating short and long non-coding RNAs and predicting circular RNAs from other long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). However, the available tools are less than 80 percent accurate for distinguishing circular RNAs from other lncRNAs due to difficulty of classification. Therefore, the availability of a more accurate and fast machine learning method for the identification of circular RNAs, which considers the specific features of circular RNA, is essential to the development of systematic annotation.

Results
Here we present an End-to-End deep learning framework, circDeep, to classify circular RNA from other lncRNA. circDeep fuses an RCM descriptor, ACNN-BLSTM sequence descriptor and a conservation descriptor into high level abstraction descriptors, where the shared representations across different modalities are integrated. The experiments show that circDeep is not only faster than existing tools but also performs at an unprecedented level of accuracy by achieving a 12 percent increase in accuracy over the other tools.

Availability and implementation
https://github.com/UofLBioinformatics/circDeep.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Variation in tail morphology across urban and forest populations of the crested anole (Anolis cristatellus)
Authors: Prado-Irwin Sofia R , Revell Liam J , Winchell Kristin M 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAnolis lizards are well known for their specialist ecomorphs characterized by the convergent evolution of suites of traits linked to the use of particular microhabitats. Many of these same traits evolve rapidly in response to novel selection pressures and have been very well studied. In contrast, the tail crest, a feature present in a subset of lineages, has been almost entirely overlooked. Variation in tail crest morphology within and among species remains largely unstudied, as does the function of the trait. Here, we use the natural experiment provided by urbanization to ask whether tail crest size differs between urban and forest populations of the crested anole (Anolis cristatellus) across the Caribbean island of Puerto Rico. We find that tail crest size differs primarily between regions; however, within regions, crests are invariably larger in urban than in forest environments. This difference in size is correlated with the hotter, drier conditions and sparser distribution of perches that typify urban sites, leading to the intriguing possibility that the tail crest might be under differential natural selection for signalling and/or because of the thermoregulatory challenge of urban habitats. Further study is required to shed light on the functional significance and evolution of this under-studied trait.