bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mixed pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor: A case report
Authors: Zhao Xiaofeng , Bocker Edmonston Tina , Miick Ronald , Joneja Upasana 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND
Pancreatic mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNENs) are rare malignancies affecting the pancreas. The World Health Organization defines MiNENs as neoplasms composed of morphologically recognizable neuroendocrine and non-neuroendocrine components, each constituting 30% or more of the tumor volume. Adenocarcinoma-neuroendocrine carcinoma is the most frequent MiNEN combination. A well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor (NET) component is rarely reported in MiNENs.
CASE SUMMARY
Here we report a rare case with intermingled components of ductal adenocarcinoma and grade 1 well-differentiated NET in the pancreas. The two tumors show distinct histology and significant differentiation discrepancy (poorly differentiated high grade adenocarcinoma and well-differentiated low grade NET), and also present as metastases in separate lymph nodes. Next generation sequencing of the two components demonstrates KRAS and TP53 mutations in the ductal adenocarcinoma, but no genetic alterations in the NET, suggesting divergent origins for these two components. Although tumors like this meet the diagnostic criteria for MiNEN, clinicians often find the diagnosis and staging confusing and impractical for clinical management.
CONCLUSION
Mixed NET/non-NET tumors with distinct histology and molecular profiles might be better classified as collision tumors rather than MiNENs.
Comparing soil colour using colour chart and colour app: A semi-quantitative approach with data transformation Using pedometric methods
Authors: Shobayo A.B. , Alhassan Z.N. , Hussaini G.M. 
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to explore an affordable and easily accessible alternative to the Munsell colour system, while also assessing the reliability of data output from the Munsell colour chart when used by two different individuals. The research involved the reevaluation of 28 stored soil samples using both the Munsell colour system and a soil colour app installed on an android phone. The resulting data was then analyzed and compared with the existing soil colour data. Three models emerged from this study: the existing soil colour data generated using the Munsell colour system (referred to as MCS1), the data produced by this study using the Munsell colour system (referred to as MCS2), and the data generated using the soil colour capture (referred to as SCC) app. All three sets of data were transformed from qualitative to semiquantitative and ultimately to quantitative data using pedometric techniques. These transformed data sets were subjected to both semiquantitative and statistical analyses. Comparison between MCS1 and MCS2 revealed that 46.43% of samples shared the same colour family, 25% had a similar colour family, and 28.57% displayed dissimilar colours. Similarly, when comparing MCS1 and SCC, 21.43% shared the same colour family, 42.86% had a similar colour family, and 35.71% exhibited dissimilar colours. Comparing MCS2 and SCC, 35.71% shared the same colour family, 39.29% had a similar colour family, and 25% showed dissimilar colours. Further analysis indicated a significant non-linear association between MCS1 and MCS2, suggesting that their mean values were not directly comparable. Similarly, MCS1 exhibited a significant negative correlation with SCC. The calculated p-values for these relationships were below 0.5, specifically 0.2908, 0.3848 and 0.4843 for MCS1, MCS2 and SCC, respectively. Therefore, the null hypotheses were rejected. With a significance level (p-value) greater than 0.05, the study concluded that the mean values derived from MCS1 versus MCS2, MCS1 versus SCC, and MCS2 versus SCC were not identic .
Orthopaedic surgical treatment waiting time for acute musculoskeletal trauma patients attended at Muhimbili Orthopaedic Institute, Dar-Es-Salaam
Authors: Godfrey E. , Haonga B.T. , Mhina R. , Muhamedhussein M. , Mwanga J. , Olomi J. 
Published: November 2024

Background: Waiting time for acute musculoskeletal trauma surgery has been used as a measure of institutional efficiency. Delay in operating on trauma patients leads to increased morbidity, mortality and reports have shown negative impacts and additional costs for the hospitals besides inconvenience to patients and their families.
Objectives: To determine the extent and causes of delay of orthopaedic surgical treatment among acute musculoskeletal trauma patients at Muhimbili Orthopaedic Institute.
Methods: A cross- sectional study on two hundred and eighty patients who met the inclusion criteria. Modified Lankester tool was used to assess the patients from the emergency department and classified into A or B according to the urgency of their surgery. Data was analysed using predictors of surgical delay beyond 24 hours were identified by logistic regression analysis.
Results: The mean age of these trauma patients was 28±15 years of whom a large proportion (79.6%) were male. Lankester group A accounted for 77.5% of the patients recruited. The mean waiting time for orthopaedic surgery for Lankester A and B respectively was 9±5 and 12±6 hours whereby 65.4% of Lankester group A and 9.5% of Lankester B had missed their optimal target time.
Conclusion: Only about a third (34.6%) of emergency patients were operated in less than 6 hours after admission. The most common cause of this delay was lack of theatre slots while the presence of comorbidities predicted delay of more than 24 hours.
Recommendations: There should be more theatres allocated for emergency surgeries and there should be a physician present in the emergency on-call team to manage the co-morbid conditions to reduce their waiting time.
Indications and early outcome of total hip arthroplasty in young adults at Muhimbili Orthopaedic Institute, Tanzania
Authors: Ngunyale D.P. , Haonga B.T. , Muhamedhussein M.S. , Lupondo V.N. , Mcharo C.N. , Nungu K.S. , Ndeserua R. 
Published: November 2024

Background: Total hip arthroplasty is an effective surgical procedure in patients with advanced hip pathologies. The newer techniques, implants and improved functional outcomes have increased demand for the procedure in young adults. The indications for primary and revision total hip arthroplasty, early outcome and its associated risk factors in young adults are not well known at Muhimbili Orthopaedic institute.
Objectives: To determine the indications, early outcome and associated risk factors for total hip arthroplasty among young adults operated at Muhimbili Orthopaedic Institute.
Methods: A descriptive retrospective cross-sectional study, involving 341 patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty. Data was retrieved from total joint registry, verified from patient’s files and hospital management information system and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.
Results: A total of 341 patients were enrolled in the study, with a mean age of 40 ± 12 years with a slight male predominance of 54.4%. The leading indication for primary total hip arthroplasty was osteoarthritis (48.2%). Other indications included avascular necrosis (27.2%), femoral neck fracture (14.4%), neglected dislocation (4.9%), acetabular fracture (3.3%) and developmental dysplasia of the hip (1%). In majority (85.6%) of patients the implant of choice was uncemented, whilst the hybrid was used in 9.2% and cemented implants in 4.3% of the patients. Thirty six patients (10.6%) had early complications including hip dislocation (5.3%), aseptic loosening (2.1%), peri-prosthetic fracture (1.2%), implant malposition (1.2%) and surgical site infection (0.9%). The reoperation rate within one year was 6.2%.
Conclusion: Total hip arthroplasty is becoming increasingly common among young adults. Osteoarthritis is the leading indication for primary total hip replacement. Early complications within one year included hip dislocation, aseptic loosening, periprosthetic fracture, implant malposition and surgical site infection. The risk factors for reoperations within one year were associated with advanced age and male gender.
External fixation followed by cast immobilization in the management of gustilo-anderson iiia and iiib open tibial fractures
Authors: Nze I.N. , Ndukwu C.U. , Mbanuzuru A.V. , Obiegbu H.O. , Ugezu A.I. , Onyejiobi C.I. 
Published: November 2024

Background: The ideal method for definitive management of open tibia fractures has been a subject of debate. Several techniques have been tried with mixed results.
Objectives: To describe and present our experience using external fixator interrupted by cast immobilization in the management of Gustillo-Anderson IIIA and IIIB open tibia fractures guided by the radiographic union scale of tibia fractures.
Methods: Patients with Gustillo-Anderson IIIA and IIIB tibia fractures admitted into Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital had debridement and stabilization with external fixators. Subsequently, fracture healing was monitored with radiographs while wounds were cared for with dressings. At Radiographic Union Scale for Tibial Fractures (RUST) score of 4, external fixators were taken down and above knee plaster of Paris cast applied. Partial weight bearing was commenced at RUST 6 (cast still in place). Cast was removed at RUST 11 and full weight bearing commenced at RUST 12. Outcome of this method was assessed.
Results: Gustillo-Anderson IIIA accounted for 43.1% while IIIB accounted for 56.9%. Mean presentationintervention interval was 41.5 hours ±3.3. Mean time to partial weight bearing was 14.2 weeks ±1.8 (GA IIIA) and 15.6 weeks ±2.6 (GA IIIB). Mean duration on cast was 12.4 weeks (GA IIIA) and 17.5 weeks (GA IIIB). Union occurred at a mean time of 29.9 weeks (GA IIIA) and 35.6 weeks (GA IIIB). Polymicrobes were seen in both classes. Non union rate was 17.6%.
Conclusions: Management of open tibia fractures with external fixator and conversion to cast immobilization results in good healing. Presentation-intervention interval of close to 48 hours does not significantly affect pin tract infection rates. RUST is a useful guide for safe graduation of patients with tibia fractures across the stages of treatment rehabilitation.
A comparison of MRI and arthroscopic findings of intraarticular soft tissue injury of the knee at Kenyatta National Hospital, Kenya
Authors: Abdullahi M. , Museve G. , Odero N. , Munene O. , Panwar P. , Adan S. 
Published: November 2024

Background: Musculoskeletal system disorders rank as the second most common cause of disability universally contributing to 169,264,000 Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs). The knee joint is particularly susceptible to injury especially of the ligaments and menisci. A comparison between MRI and arthroscopic findings will help determine the reliability of MRI reports in knee injury patients and guide their management in our setting.
Objective: To compare the MRI and arthroscopic findings of patients with intra-articular soft tissue injury of the knee at Kenyatta National Hospital, Kenya.
Methodology: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study from January 1st 2018 to December 31st 2022. Seventy two participants were recruited for the study and the nature of injuries on MRI and at arthroscopy were analyzed.
Results: MRI had a sensitivity of 83.8%, 87.5%, 100% and 50% for medial meniscal, lateral meniscal, ACL and PCL tears respectively. It had a specificity of 77.1%, 85%, 96.6% and 98.5% for the same. Accuracy was highest for ACL injury detection by MRI (97.2%), followed by PCL injury detection (95.8%), and lateral meniscal tear detection (86.1%). The accuracy of MRI was lowest for medial meniscal injury detection (80.5%).
Conclusion: Overall, MRI and arthroscopy have comparable diagnostic effectiveness for detecting intra-articular soft tissue injuries of the cruciate ligaments as well as high sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for detecting medial and lateral meniscal tears. These findings suggest that MRI is a useful diagnostic tool in the evaluation of knee injuries and should be carried out in patients presenting with intra-articular soft tissue injuries of the knee.
Research Extension Linkage – A Review
Authors: Raufu Olusola Sanusi , John Oluwaseun Ifabiyi , Bidemi Olayemi Ajibola , Edwin Idoko Isegbe , Roseline Mosunmola, Adebayo 
Published: November 2024

The flow of information from research centres to farmers requires continuous contact between actors. If the link is weak the agricultural productivity will not increase. With the introduction of improved technologies, food production can be increased at a geometric pace in response to population growth. However, large numbers of production technologies developed by research institutes over time have not achieved food sufficiency due to poor linkage between research and extension. At times, it takes unnecessarily too long for promising technologies to develop to achieve their objectives. The broad objective of this review is how weak links can be strengthened to improve agricultural communication between research and extension organisations. The specific objectives are to: (i) examine factors influencing research, extension and farmers’ linkage; and (ii) highlight the strategies for strengthening the connection between research and extension. A random sampling technique was used to review 20 relevant articles from Google Scholar. The review concludes that strengthening the link between research and extension is vital for improving agricultural productivity and achieving food security. Key recommendations include fostering collaborative partnerships amongst the stakeholders, enhancing public-private cooperation, and ensuring active involvement of farmers in the research and extension process
Agricultural Science Teacher’s Knowledge of Rice Production Technology in Edu and Patigi Local Government Areas of Kwara State, Nigeria
Authors: Oluwafemi Peter Olabanji , Deborah Adedoyin Ola , Ogunlade Israel , Shiru Rofiat Opeyemi 
Published: November 2024

The study assessed the knowledge of agricultural science teachers on rice production technologies. A two-stage sampling procedure was used in selecting fifty-one agricultural science teachers for the study. Data were obtained using structured questionnaire The data was analysed by frequencies, percentages, means, standard deviation, and multiple regression. The result revealed that Internet (x̄ =1.73) and Agricultural textbooks (x̄ =1.53) were the major sources of information for rice production technology. The respondents had high knowledge (90.2%) of rice production technologies. Poor financial condition (x̄ =2.57) was identified as the major constraint to accessing information on the technologies. Result also revealed that education, years of working experience and place of residence had significant influence (p<0.05) on the teachers’ knowledge of the technologies. The study concluded that with the high knowledge of agricultural science teachers in rice production technologies, when properly equipped, they can serve in advisory capacity to farmers who may not have access to extension officers
Crop Farmers’ Participation in Research and Extension Programmes in Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: Adetarami Oluwaseun , Ijigbade Justin O , Olagunju Oluwatoyin O 
Published: November 2024

This study assessed crop farmers’ participation in research and extension programmes in Ogun State, Nigeria. Data were obtained from randomly interviewing 160 registered crop farmers, 10 subject matter specialists, and 40 extension workers. The data were analysed using percentages, charts, and an ordered logit model. Results showed that 69.2% of the crop farmers participated mostly in community-based agricultural and rural development programmes. Insufficient funds to conduct research and extension programmes (= 4.96) and brief period allocation for training (= 4.94) were the major factors affecting crop farmers' participation in research and agricultural extension programmes. The major perception of the crop farmers was that research and extension programmes had boosted production capacity (= 2.92). When crop farmers participated in research and extension programmes, the extension agents' main assessment was that the relationships among the farmers had improved (= 2.48). The focus of crop farmers' involvement in research and extension initiatives should be redirected from rural development initiatives to national food programmes.
Economic viability of seaweed and sea cucumber culture using integrated multitrophic aquaculture systems in Zanzibar, Tanzania
Authors: Bernard Markus , Rahman Hafzur , Mangile William , Msuya Flower E. , Kunzmann Andreas 
Published: November 2024

The viability of co-culturing seaweed and sea cucumbers in Zanzibar, Tanzania, was assessed using integrated multitrophic aquaculture (IMTA) systems with oyster and recirculating aquaculture systems with milkfish. Seaweed production was affected by the ice-ice disease, resulting in specific growth rates of 1.32 to -1.96 % d-1. Nitrogen content in the seaweed thallus and inorganic nutrient in the water indicated that seaweed could potentially be used as a biofilter. An economic analysis showed the economic viability of IMTA systems, co-culturing seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii, sea cucumber Holothuria scabra and oyster Pinctada margaritifera, achieving a maximum benefit-cost ratio of 1.61 over one year. Interviews with local farmers on Zanzibar showed willingness to accept new aquaculture systems, but also highlighted constraints, including a lack of infrastructure, funds and expertise.
El director como gerente social holístico, escuelas estadales municipio Juan José Mora, estado Carabobo
Authors: Correa Guevara, Maria Veronica - Venezuela  
Published: November 2024

El presente trabajo tuvo como propósito analizar el rol del dire ctor como gerente social hacia el desarrollo holístico en las Escuelas Estadales del Municipio Mora del estado Carabobo. Esta investigación se enmarcó en la modalidad descriptiva, apoyada en una investigación de campo. El trabajo se sustentó en las teorías: clásica, de motivación, de comunicación y Teoría del Desarrollo Holístico. La población estuvo conformada por diez (10) directores y (165) docentes. Para recolectar la información se utilizó la técnica de la encuesta, en un cuestionario a escala Likert, sometido a juicio de expertos. Los resultados obtenidos se presentaron en cuadros, así como gráficos de barra con sus respectivos análisis. Se comprobó según los indicadores estudiados que los directores y docentes no siempre asumen roles abordando los nuevos enfoques de la gestión organizacional hacia una visión holística para transformar a la institución en centro de interacción constructiva con el fin de elevar la calidad educativa.
The Effectiveness of Psychological Resources Supporting a Person’s Well-Being in the Face of Uncertainty and Stress: A Research Contributing to SDG Objectives
Authors: Avanesyan Hrant , Asriyan Elina , Papoyan Seda 
Published: November 2024

Objective: the aim of the study is to identify the combinations of psychological capital components (PsyCap) and person’s traits which can impact the person’s well-being in the situation of uncertainity and stress.

Theoretical framework: the methodogical principles of determinism (the assumption that all behaviors have a specific cause) and systemic approach (analyzing complex phenomena by studying the interrelations between various components as a whole) were adopted. The main theory which was taken into account is an Evidence-Based Positive Approach of psychological Capital (Luthans F. et al, 2017).

Methods: the theoretical review of the psychological aspects of uncertainty and the psychological survey was conducted (with the application of Psychological Capital Questionnaire-PCQ, Myers–Briggs Type Indicator-MBTI, The Spielberger-Hanin anxiety test-STAI)
Results and discussion: the study revealed that some combinations of personal traits and components of psychological capital can lead to adaptation during uncertainty and stress more effectively even with higher level of trait anxiety.

Research implications: the results can be applied in the sphere of psychological support to deal with potential challenges with limited resources by organizing the effective mechanism of coping with uncertainty and stress.

Originality: the study contributes the 3th objective of SDG (good health and well-being). The algorithm of effective perception of uncertainty was shown and some consistent patterns of PsyCap components were revealed.
"Princesa foi-se embora, escreveu num papelão. Quem quiser comer agora, trabalhe com suas mãos"
Authors: Lourenço Ribeiro Geisa 
Published: November 2024

O 13 de Maio é a principal efeméride celebrada pela Comunidade Quilombola de Monte Alegre, formada no processo de transição da escravidão para a liberdade em Cachoeiro de Itapemirim, o principal polo de concentração de escravizados do Espírito Santo na segunda metade do século XIX. Na tradição oral de Monte Alegre, a abolição é o marco divisor entre o tempo da escravidão e o tempo da liberdade (oficial), simbolicamente representado no jongo que dá título a este trabalho. Não é coincidência, portanto, que o acontecimento seja narrado com detalhes na comunidade, certificada desde 2005 pela Fundação Cultural Palmares como remanescente de quilombo, e receba destaque em sua memória da escravidão, acessada na construção da identidade quilombola. Seus significados para a comunidade explicam, parcialmente, a perpetuação local do 13 de Maio em detrimento do 20 de Novembro, popularizado após a lei 10.639/2003, que provocou significativo impacto local. Portadora de uma memória genealógica da escravidão vivenciada no território ocupado por seus ancestrais desde meados do Oitocentos, os personagens, lugares e acontecimentos locais são evidenciados nas entrevistas realizadas segundo as diretrizes da História Oral, em 2019. Sua narrativa destaca os significados da abolição para os ancestrais, que comemoraram o “raiar da liberdade” como possibilidade de liberdade e proteção a seus corpos, as suas famílias e ao seu modo de vida. A prevalência da celebração do 13 de Maio na comunidade quilombola aponta para a desconstrução dos estereótipos impostos pelo racismo estrutural da sociedade brasileira.
Copyright Law Regulatory Framework for NFT collections Transactions: Origins, Controversies and Approach Exploration
Authors: Luo Han , Du Tinghuan 
Published: November 2024

NFT collections are the result of the convergence of blockchain and smart contract technology with a specific digital content, comprising a technology layer and a content layer. The fundamental aspect of NFT collections is the usufructuary right to the digital content. The aforementioned digital content is copyrightable, which may in turn result in the trading of NFT collections being subject to copyright laws. The sale and transfer of collections can be considered to exist along three distinct appraoches of regulation: the right of distribution, the right of communication through information network, and non-infringement. It can be argued that collections are not objects of ownership. Thus, the nature of their usufruct does not unduly interfere with the proprietary style of copyright. Consequently, it could be proposed that the sale and transfer of collections cannot be subject to distribution rights regulation, either directly or by analogy. The approach of non-infringement presents significant systemic challenges in the context of legal application and fails to address the need for formalization of industry development. The sale and transfer are consistent with the constituent elements of the act communication through information network and can effectively overcome the inherent disadvantages of the aforementioned path. Therefore, it should be adopted. With regard to the additional burden of authorization created by the approach, the industry can achieve relief through the introduction of industry self-regulatory conventions or guidelines, and so on.