bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biological Activities of Flavonoids from the Wood Extract of Artocarpus heterophyllus L. (Jackfruit)
Authors: Akazawa Hiroyuki , Shinozaki Takuro , Ukiya Motohiko , Akihisa Toshihiro , Jiradej Manosroi , Tokuda Harukuni , Fukatsu Makoto 
Published: October 2018

Background:
Artocarpus heterophyllus L. (Jackfruit) has been used traditionally as
treatment for inflammation and cancer. The aim of this study was to isolate compounds from A. heterophyllus
wood extract and evaluate their biological activities such as anti-tumor promoting effect
on Epstein-Barr virus early antigen induction, melanogenesis inhibitory activity on the B16 mouse
melanoma 4A5 cell line and cytotoxic activity against three human cancer cell lines (HL60, A549,
SK-BR-3).

Methods:
A. heterophyllus wood was extracted with n-hexane and methanol. The ethyl acetate soluble-
fraction separated from the methanol extract was separated and purified with column chromatography
to isolate compounds. The structures of isolated compounds were elucidated with spectroscopic
methods. These compounds were evaluated for their biological activities.

Results:
Thirteen known compounds including four prenylflavonoids were isolated from the wood
extracts. Nine flavonoids (2, 3, 5-11) exhibited potent anti-tumor promoting activity with IC50 values
of 259-296 molar ratio / 32 pmol TPA. Two flavonoids, Norartocarpetin (6) at concentration of 30
μM and cyanomaclurin (11) at the concentration of 100 μM showed melanin content value of 47.6
% and 80.1 %, respectively. Two prenylflavonoids, cudraflavone B (2) and artocarpin (5), showed
cytotoxicity against the human cancer cell lines tested. Cudraflavone B (2) showed cytotoxicity
against all three human cancer cell lines whereas artocarpin (5) only exhibited cytotoxicity against
two out three cell lines testes. The IC50 values were comparable to or better than cisplatin.

Conclusion:
From the view point of structure activity relationships of the flavonoids isolated, side
chains such as prenyl and 3-methyl-1-butenyl moiety were key for their potent biological activities.
Structural, Morphological and Magnetic Characterization of Sm-substituted Ni-Zn Ferrite
Authors: bin Zahari Muhammad Hanif , Guan Beh Hoe , Chuan Lee Kean , bin Zainudin Afiq Azri 
Published: October 2018

Background:
Rare earth materials are known for its salient electrical insulation properties
with high values of electrical resistivity. It is expected that the substitution of rare earth ions into spinel
ferrites could significantly alter its magnetic properties. In this work, the effect of the addition of
Samarium ions on the structural, morphological and magnetic properties of Ni0.5Zn0.5SmxFe2-xO4
(x=0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.10) synthesized using sol-gel auto combustion technique was investigated.

Methods:
A series of Samarium-substituted Ni-Zn ferrite nanoparticles (Ni0.5Zn0.5SmxFe2-xO4 where
x=0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.10) were synthesized by sol-gel auto-combustion technique. Structural,
morphological and magnetic properties of the samples were examined through X-Ray Diffraction
(XRD), Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer
(VSM) measurements.

Results:
XRD patterns revealed single-phased samples with spinel cubic structure up to x= 0.04. The
average crystallite size of the samples varied in the range of 41.8 – 85.6 nm. The prepared samples exhibited
agglomerated particles with larger grain size observed in Sm-substituted Ni-Zn ferrite as compared
to the unsubstituted sample. The prepared samples exhibited typical soft magnetic behavior as
evidenced by the small coercivity field. The magnetic saturation, Ms values decreased as the Sm3+
concentration increases.

Conclusion:
The substituted Ni-Zn ferrites form agglomerated particles inching towards more uniform
microstructure with each increase in Sm3+ substitution. The saturation magnetization of substituted
samples decreases with the increase of samarium ion concentration. The decrease in saturation magnetization
can be explained based on weak super exchange interaction between A and B sites. The difference
in magnetic properties between the samples despite the slight difference in Sm3+ concentrations
suggests that the properties of the NiZnFe2O4 can be ‘tuned’, depending on the present need,
through the substitution of Fe3+ with rare earth ions.
Smart Approach of Solid Waste Management for Recycling of Polymers: A Review
Authors: Fatima Zernab , Roohi  
Published: October 2018

Background: :
The world’s annual utilization of plastic materials is growing day by day and
simultaneously solid waste management is becoming one of the major environmental concerns
throughout the world. Current approach for their usage and disposal is not sustainable because of the
durability of the polymers involved.

Methods: :
Partially digested products of these plastics in the form of micro-plastics are accumulating
as debris in landfills and in natural habitats because of their remaining in the environment for millions
of years. Easy availability, low cost and ubiquitous applications make the plastics most attractive
polymer whose proper disposal through specific technology seems the only alternate and that may
lessen down the pollution over the next decades.

Results: :
Recycling as a waste management strategy provides opportunities to reduce the use of petrochemical
resources and improving environmental conditions. Reuse of bulky plastic wastes in concrete
and Wood Plastic Composites (WPC) seems a smart approach for solving the problem of disposal.
The development of new construction materials using recycled plastics is important to both the
construction and the plastic recycling industries.

Conclusion::
This review article presents the details of recycling of waste management, their probable
application for concrete and WPC production, types of recycled plastics, role of microbes and microbial
enzymes for recycling of plastics and emphasis on use of biodegradable plastics to make the environment
green.
A Dynamic Task Scheduling Algorithm for Cloud Computing Environment
Authors: Ben Alla Hicham , Ben Alla Said , Ezzati Abdellah 
Published: October 2018

Background:
Cloud computing environment is a novel paradigm in which the services
are hosted, delivered and managed over the internet. Tasks scheduling problem in the cloud has become
a very interesting research area. However, the problem is more complex and challenging due
to the dynamic nature of cloud and users’ needs as well as cloud providers’ requirements including
the quality of service, users’ priorities and computing capabilities.

Objective:
The main objective is to solve the problem of tasks scheduling through an algorithm
which can not only improves the client satisfaction, but also allows cloud service provider to gain
maximum profit and ensure that the cloud resources are utilized efficiently.
Method: (a) Optimization of the waiting time and the queue length.

Methods:
(a) Optimization of the waiting time and the queue length.

(b) Distribution of all requests into a novel queueing system in a dynamic manner based on a decision
threshold.

(c) Assignment of requests to VMs based on Particle Swarm Optimization and Simulated Annealing
algorithms.

(d) Incorporation of the priority constraint in the scheduling process by considering three priorities
levels including the tasks, queues and VMs.

Results:
The results comparison of our algorithm with particle swarm optimization and First Come
First Serve algorithms demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithm in terms of waiting time,
makespan, resources utilization and degree of imbalance.

Conclusion:
This study introduces an efficient strategy to schedule users’ tasks by using dynamic
dispatch queues and particle swarm optimization with simulated annealing algorithms. Moreover, it
incorporates the priority issue in the scheduling process.
Температурная зависимость порогового тока и выходной мощности квантово-каскадного лазера с частотой генерации 3.3 ТГц
Authors: Хабибуллин Р.А. , Щаврук Н.В. , Пономарев Д.С. , Ушаков Д.В. , Афоненко А.А. , Васильевский И.С. , Зайцев А.А , Данилов А.И. , Волков О.Ю. , Павловский В.В. , Маремьянин К.В. , Гавриленко В.И. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe active region of a THz (terahertz) quantum-cascade laser based on three tunnel-coupled GaAs/Al_0.15Ga_0.85As quantum wells with a resonance-phonon depopulation scheme is designed. Energy levels, matrix elements of dipole transitions, and gain spectra are calculated as functions of the applied electric-field strength F and temperature. It is shown that the maximum gain is implemented at a frequency of 3.37 THz and F = 12.3 kV/cm. Based on the proposed design, a quantum-cascade laser emitting at ~3.3 THz with a double metal waveguide and T _max ~ 84 K is fabricated. The activation energy E _ a = 23 meV for longitudinal-optical (LO) phonon emission upon the stimulated recombination of hot electrons from the upper laser level to the lower one is determined from the Arrhenius temperature dependence of the output power.
Многофононная внутрицентровая релаксация состояний акцепторов бора в алмазе
Authors: Бекин Н.А. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe relaxation rates are calculated in the adiabatic approximation, in which the steady-state impurity states are taken to be electronic-vibrational (vibronic) states. The probabilities of transitions between these states with the emission (or absorption) of one or several phonons are calculated in first-order perturbation theory on the assumption that the transitions are a result of the violation of adiabaticity. The electron part of the wave function of the vibronic state is described by a simple Hamiltonian with an isotropic effective mass. The wave function of the ground state is determined by the quantum defect method. According to the calculations, a hole relaxes from the excited boron acceptor state, whose energy is 304 meV higher than the energy of the ground state, to the ground state with the emission of two optical phonons with a rate of ~10^11 s^–1. This value is an estimate from above, since the model of nondispersive optical phonons used in the study overestimates the number of phonon modes, whose participation in relaxation is allowed by the energy conservation law. However, despite the rough approximation, it can be concluded that the multiphonon relaxation of boron acceptor states in diamond is a fast process.
Влияние локальных корреляций на переход "однородный изолятор-сверхпроводник" в доменных границах фазы зарядового порядка 2D-системы со смешанной валентностью
Authors: Конев В.В. , Улитко В.А. , Ясинская Д.Н. , Панов Ю.Д. , Москвин А.С. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract —It is demonstrated in the (pseudo)spin S = 1 formalism that the structure of antiphase domain boundaries in the phase of charge ordering of a mixed-valence system of the Cu^1+, 2+, 3+ “triplet” type in cuprates on a two-dimensional square lattice depends to a considerable extent on on-site correlation parameter U . The results of computer modeling on large square lattices illustrate the change in the boundary structure (from a homogeneous monovalent nonconducting structure of the Cu^2+ type to a filamentary superconducting one) induced by a relatively small variation of positive U values.
Анизотропия эффекта Холла в квазидвумерном электронно-легированном сверхпроводнике Nd-=SUB=-2-x-=/SUB=-Ce-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-CuO-=SUB=-4+delta-=/SUB=-
Authors: Клепикова А.С. , Чарикова Т.Б. , Шелушинина Н.Г. , Петухов Д.С. , Иванов А.А. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract —The temperature dependences of the Hall effect of an electron-doped Nd_2 – _ x Ce_ x CuO_4 + δ superconductor have been studied at the antiferromagnet–superconductor quantum phase transition boundary (0.135 ≤ x ≤ 0.15) in conducting CuO_2 planes and in the direction perpendicular to the CuO_2 plane. The hall coefficient between the conducting planes has been found be two orders higher than that in the conducting planes over entire temperature range, which is due to the incoherent character of the charge carrier transfer in the direction of axis c .
Сверхпроводниковые гетероструктуры с прослойкой из материала с сильным спин-орбитальным взаимодействием
Authors: Овсянников Г.А. , Гришин А.С. , Константинян К.И. , Шадрин А.В. , Петржик А.М. , Кислинский Ю.В. , Cristiani G. , Logvenov G. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract —Superconducting heterostructures interlayered with a material with strong spin–orbit interaction are studied. As materials with strong spin–orbit interaction, we choose strontium iridates featuring the Ruddlesden–Popper structure (Sr_ n _+ 1Ir_ n O_3 n _+ 1; n = 1, 2, ∞): paramagnetic metal SrIrO_3 and magnetic insulator Sr_2IrO_4. Using laser ablation, epitaxial films of these materials are obtained, as well as heterostructures based on epitaxial films of cuprate superconducting YBa_2Cu_3O_ x . For electrical measurements, mesa-structures of micrometer sizes with top electrodes made of Au/Nb bilayer are fabricated.
Влияние плотности энергии лазерного пучка на магнитные свойства тонких пленок Mn-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-Si-=SUB=-1-x-=/SUB=- (x&#126;0.5), приготовленных методом импульсного лазерного осаждения
Authors: Дровосеков А.Б. , Савицкий А.О. , Крейнес Н.М. , Рыльков В.В. , Николаев С.Н. , Черноглазов К.Ю. , Талденков А.Н. , Черебыло Е.А. , Михалевский В.А. , Новодворский О.А. , Маслаков К.И. , Pandey P. , Zhou S. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract —The effect of laser pulse energy E on the possibility of forming of a homogeneous “high-temperature” ferromagnetic phase in Mn_ x Si_1 – _ x ( x ≈ 0.5) alloy films grown by pulsed laser deposition onto an Al_2O_3 (0001) substrate has been studied. The high-temperature phase with manganese concentration x ≈ 0.53 and the Curie temperature T _C ~ 200–300 K is shown to form near the substrate at the initial stage of the film growth. In this case, high values E ≥ 6.8 J/cm^2 favor the stabilization of this phase over all film thickness, while low values E = 2.6–5.7 J/cm^2 lead to a decrease in the manganese concentration in the upper film layer and the formation of additional “low–temperature” phase with T _C ≈ 30–50 K provided by silicides MnSi and Mn_4Si_7 crystallites.
THE USE OF DOUBLE MATCH PICTURE MEDIA FOR TEACHING READING COMPREHENSION
Authors: Agustina Diyah Dwi 
Published: October 2018

This Classroom Action Research is intended to improve the students’ reading comprehension mastery and learning motivation of the eight grade SMPN 1 Purbolinggo. The participant of the research is the class VIIIA of SMPN 1 Purbolinggo, East Lampung. They consisted of 30 students. This research uses Kemmis and Taggart’s model; planning, action, observation and reflection of the result. Meanwhile, this research employs the triangulation method (observation, interview, and test) to collect the data. After the data are gathered, they are analyzed and interpreted by using data reduction, categorization and synthesis. The findings were formulated as follow: (1) the implementation used more varieties media in presenting the materials using double match picture. Most of the students become more active in learning process; (2) the improvement of students’ reading comprehension could be seen from the test, the mean score improved from 68 in cycle 1 become 73 in cycle 2. Then, in cycle 3 the score is 81 or all of the students pass the minimum passing grade; (3) there is improvement in the students learning motivation and interest. It could be seen from the observation result, questionnaire and interview. After the implementation, most of the students become interested and motivated in reading during teaching and learning process.
Analisis Kecocokan Nilai Percepatan Tanah Kota Padang Berdasarkan Perhitungan Secara Empiris Dengan Data Percepatan Tanah Dari Akselerograf Yang Terpasang Di Stasiun Maritim Teluk Bayur Padang
Authors: Pujiastuti Dwi , Gustiana Fitri , Minangsih Maya , Arifin Hamdy 
Published: October 2018

Telah dilakukan perhitungan beberapa nilai percepatan tanah kota Padang akibat gempa bumi dari Segmen Mentawai dari beberapa persamaan empiris yang divalidasiÂ Â dengan data percepatan tanah dari akselerograf yang terpasang di Stasiun Maritim Teluk Bayur Padang. Data gempa yang digunakan adalah data gempa dariÂ Segmen Mentawai dari tahun 2013 â€“ 2017 yang terekam di akselerografÂ Stasiun Maritim Telukbayur Padang. Digunakan 4 rumusan empiris, yaitu Mc.Guire, Fukushima-Tanaka, Esteva, dan Donovan. Hasil validasi menunjukkan bahwa rumusan Fukushima-Tanaka merupakan rumusan paling cocokÂ digunakan untuk Kota Padang dengan persentase kesalahan rata-rata terendah sebesar 51%, sedangkan 3 rumusan lainnya mempunyai persentase kesalahan rata-rata yaitu Mc.Guire 396%, Esteva 74%, dan Donovan 861%.Â Kata kunci : Â Gempa bumi, percepatan tanah, akselerograf, persamaan empiris
Analisis Anomali Geomagnetik Ultra Low Frequency (ULF) Sebagai Prekursor Gempa Bumi Pada Gempa Sumatera 2016
Authors: Yusdesra Osi , Namigo Elistia Liza , Mega Y Dian 
Published: October 2018

Penelitian tentang anomali sinyal geomagnetik ultra low frequency (ULF) sebagai prekursor gempa telah dilakukan pada 3 gempa besar yang terjadi di Pulau Sumatera tahun 2016. Gempa tersebut adalah gempa Mentawai (Mw=7,8) pada tanggal 2 Maret, gempa Pesisir Selatan (Mw=6,5) pada tanggal 1 Juni dan gempa Pidie Jaya (Mw=6,5) pada tanggal 6 Desember. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan data geomagnetik yang direkam oleh magnetometer MAGDAS di stasiun pengamatan Gunung Sitoli (GSI), Sumatera Utara. Data geomagnetik yang dianalisis memiliki rentang waktu 2 bulan sebelum kejadian gempa. Data ini diolah pada frekuensi 0,012 Hz. Anomali ditentukan berdasarkan nilai polarisasi power ratio SZ/SH yang melewati batas standar deviasi. Anomali yang terdeteksi kemudian divalidasi dengan data indeks Dst dan indeks Kp. Validasi dilakukan untuk memastikan bahwa anomali merupakan prekursor gempa bumi yang sedang diteliti. Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat anomali sinyal eletromagnetikik (ULF) yang terjadi sebelum kejadian gempa bumi. Sebelum kejadian gempa Mentawai terdeteksi 31 anomali, 10 diantaranya dapat dianggap sebagai prekursor gempa. Onset time anomali untuk gempa ini terjadi pada tanggal 19 Februari dengan lead time 12 hari sebelum gempa. Untuk gempa Pesisir Selatan terdeteksi 5 dari 28 anomali yang dapat dijadikan sebagai prekursor gempa dengan onset time pada tanggal 15 Mei dan lead time anomali 17 hari sebelum gempa . Kemudian, terdapat 36 anomali sebelum gempa Pidie Jaya, dimana ada 8 anomali yang dapat dijadikan sebagai prekursor gempa. Gempa ini memiliki onset time yang terjadi pada tanggal 13 NovemberÂ dan lead time 24 hari sebelum gempa. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengamatan prekursor gempa untuk gempa di Sumatera (Mw>6) menggunakan anomali sinyal geomagnetik ULF mempunyai lead time dalam rentang 12-24 hari sebelum gempa terjadi.Â Kata kunci: prekursor gempa, anomali sinyal geomagnetik, Ultra Low Frequency (ULF), Â Â MAGDAS, polarisasi power ratio, gempa Sumatera
Karakteristik Ketinggian Melting Layer di Indoneisa Berdasarkan Radar Hujan Yang Terpasang di Satelit TRMM
Authors: Dwianda Rany Audia , Marzuki Marzuki 
Published: October 2018

Ketinggian melting layer atau freezing level height (FH) di Indonesia telah diteliti melalui data radar hujan yang terpasang di satelit Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM). Data yang digunakan adalah data TRMM 2A25 versi 7 selama 2011-2013. Nilai FH dari TRMM dibandingkan dengan nilai yang direkomendasikan oleh model ITU-R P.839. FH di Indonesia memiliki variasi musiman dan diurnal yang signifikan. Rata-rata bulanan FH menunjukkan pola bimodal dengan dua puncak dan dua lembah, mirip dengan pola curah hujan dan temperatur permukaan air laut di Indonesia. Puncak FH teramati pada bulan-bulan basah (musim hujan) ketika temperatur permukaan air laut tinggi. Nilai FH mencapai puncaknya pada sore hari yaitu sekitar jam 18-19 waktu setempat. Adanya perbedaan pola FH antara darat dan laut yang menandakan adanya pengaruh sirkulasi darat-laut (land-sea breezes). Pada dini dan pagi hari, hujan dengan FH > 5 km tidak teramati di daratan tetapi pada siang dan sore hari jumlahnya meningkat, terutama di Sumatera, Kalimantan dan Papua. Nilai FH tertinggi yang teramati dalam penelitian ini adalah 5,55 km yang teramati pada 2013, dan nilai terendah adalah 4,40 km, yang teramati pada 2012. Sebagian besar hujan yaitu sekitar 82% dari total data, memiliki FH lebih rendah dari yang direkomendasikan oleh ITU-R P.839 (5 km). Dengan demikian, model ITU-R menakar FH lebih tinggi dari semestinya. Selain itu, asumsi nilai FH yang konstan (5 km) dalam model ITU-R juga tidak tepat karena nilai FH di Indonesia menunjukkan variasi diurnal dan musiman yang signifikan.Â Kata kunci : melting layer, Indonesia, TRMM-PR, ITU-R P.839, variasi diurnal, variasi musimanÂ
Analisis Keluaran Berkas Radiasi Sinar-X Pesawat Terapi LINAC Berdasarkan TRS 398 IAEA Pada Fantom Air Di Instalasi Radioterapi RS Universitas Andalas
Authors: Milvita Dian , Mahyudin Alimin , Vadila Mona 
Published: October 2018

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang analisis keluaran berkas sinar-X pesawat terapi linear acceleration (LINAC) pada fantom air.Â Analisis ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi pesawat terapi LINAC selama digunakan dengan mengacu pada nilai 1 cGy sama dengan 1 MU.Â Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara menganalisis muatan yang ditangkap oleh detektor ionisasi chamber dengan faktor koreksi suhu, tekanan, efek polaritas dan rekombinasi ion.Â Penelitian dilakukan dengan variasi energi 6 MV dan 10 MV dengan ukuran luas lapangan penyinaran (10 x 10) cm dan teknik penyinaran Source to Surface Distance (SSD) 100 cm. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pada berkas sinar-X energi 6 MV dan 10 MV didapatkan nilai keluaran per 1 MU sebesar 1,026 cGy dan 1,025 cGy dengan deviasi pengukuran 2,60 % dan 2,56 %, nilai ini masih berada dalam rentang toleransi pengukuran yaitu Â± 3 %.Â Dengan demikian, keluaran berkas radiasi sinar-X pesawat terapi LINAC di Rumah Sakit Universitas Andalas (RS Unand) telah sesuai standar TRS 398 IAEA.Kata kunci: berkas sinar-X, fantom air, LINAC, RS Unand
Analisis Pengaruh Asam Laurat Terhadap Struktur Dan Ukuran Kristal Nanopartikel Fe3O4
Authors: Astuti Astuti , Kurniaan Rengga Adit , Mairoza Ayu , Yanti Winda Rahayu Okta 
Published: October 2018

Penelitian ini adalah sintesis nanopartikel Fe3O4 dari batuan besi menggunakan metode kopresipitasi dengan penambahan asam laurat sebagai zat aditif. Variasi massa asam laurat yang diberikan adalah 0, 10 g, 30 g, 40 g, dan 50 g. Karakterisasi sampel yang dilakukan yaitu menentukan struktur dan ukuran kristal menggunakan XRD (X-Ray Difractometer. Hasil karakterisasi XRD menunjukkan peningkatan FWHM, yang mengindikasikan terjadinya penurunan ukuran kristal berturut-turut yaitu 54,4 nm;Â Â 46,0 nm; 31,9 nm; 29,5;Â dan 20,2 nm. Sedangakan sistem kristal nanokristal Fe3O4secara umum Â adalah cubic.Â Kata kunci: asam laurat, kopresipitasi, nanokristal Fe3O4,