bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The de novo design of a biocompatible and functional integral membrane protein using minimal sequence complexity
Authors: Lalaurie Christophe J. , Dufour Virginie , Meletiou Anna , Ratcliffe Sarah , Harland Abigail , Wilson Olivia , Vamasiri Chiratchaya , Shoemark Deborah K. , Williams Christopher , Arthur Christopher J. , Sessions Richard B. , Crump Matthew P. , Anderson J. L. Ross , Curnow Paul 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe de novo design of integral membrane proteins remains a major challenge in protein chemistry. Here, we describe the bottom-up design of a genetically-encoded synthetic membrane protein comprising only four amino acids (L, S, G and W) in the transmembrane domains. This artificial sequence, which we call REAMP for recombinantly expressed artificial membrane protein, is a single chain of 133 residues arranged into four antiparallel membrane-spanning α-helices. REAMP was overexpressed in Escherichia coli and localized to the cytoplasmic membrane with the intended transmembrane topology. Recombinant REAMP could be extracted from the cell membrane in detergent micelles and was robust and stable in vitro, containing helical secondary structure consistent with the original design. Engineered mono- and bis-histidine residues in the membrane domain of REAMP were able to coordinate heme in vitro, in a manner reminiscent of natural b-type cytochromes. This binding shifted the electrochemical potential of the cofactor, producing a synthetic hemoprotein capable of nascent redox catalysis. These results show that a highly reduced set of amino acids is sufficient to mimic some key properties of natural proteins, and that cellular biosynthesis is a viable route for the production of minimal de novo membrane sequences.
Nitrogen Dynamics in Soil Fertilized with Slow Release Brown Coal-Urea Fertilizers
Authors: Saha Biplob K. , Rose Michael T. , Wong Vanessa N. L. , Cavagnaro Timothy R. , Patti Antonio F. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractReducing the release rate of urea can increase its use efficiency and minimize negative effects on the environment. A novel fertilizer material that was formed by blending brown coal (BC) with urea, delayed fertilizer N release in controlled climatic conditions in a glasshouse, through strong retention facilitated by the extensive surface area, porous structure and chemical functional groups in the BC. However, the role of BC as a carrier of synthetic urea and the effect of their interaction with various soil types on the dynamics and mineralization of N remains largely unclear. Therefore, a soil column incubation study was conducted to assess the release, transformation and transportation of N from several different brown coal-urea (BCU) granules, compared to commercial urea. Blending and subsequent granulation of urea with BC substantially increased fertilizer N retention in soil by decreasing gaseous emissions and leaching of N compared to urea alone, irrespective of soil type. The BCU granule containing the highest proportion of BC had lower leaching and gaseous emissions and maintained considerably higher mineral and mineralizable N in topsoil. Possible modes of action of the BCU granules have been proposed, emphasizing the role of BC in enhancing N retention over a longer period of time. The results support the notion that BCU granules can be used as a slow release and enhanced efficiency fertilizer for increasing availability and use efficiency of N by crops.
Comprehensive analysis of the tumor immune micro-environment in non-small cell lung cancer for efficacy of checkpoint inhibitor
Authors: Seo Jeong-Sun , Kim Ahreum , Shin Jong-Yeon , Kim Young Tae 
Published: September 2018

AbstractCharacterizing the molecular immune subtype and micro-environment of lung cancer is necessary to understand immunogenic interactions between infiltrating immune and stromal cells, and how tumor cells overcome immune checkpoint blockades. This study seeks to identify computational methodologies for subtyping gene expression-based tumor-immune micro-environment interactions, which differentiate non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) into immune-defective and immune-competent subtypes. Here, 101 lung squamous cell carcinomas (LUSCs) and 87 lung adenocarcinomas (LUADs) tumor samples have been analyzed. Several micro-environmental factors differentially induce LUAD or LUSC immune subtypes, as well as immune checkpoint expression. In particular, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are key immune cells play a vital role in inflammation and cancer micro-environments of LUSCs; whereas, regulatory B cells are immunosuppressive and tumorigenic in LUADs. Additionally, cytolytic activity upon CD8+ T cell activation is decreased by the abundance of B cells and macrophages in immune-competent subtypes. Therefore, identifying immune subtypes in lung cancer and their impact on tumor micro-environment will lead to clinical tools for assessing LUADs and LUSCs in patients, as well as maximize the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Distribution and phylogenetics of whiteflies and their endosymbiont relationships after the Mediterranean species invasion in Brazil
Authors: de Moraes Letícia Aparecida , Muller Cristiane , Bueno Regiane Cristina Oliveira de Freita , Santos Antônio , Bello Vinicius Henrique , De Marchi Bruno Rossitto , Watanabe Luís Fernando Maranho , Marubayashi Julio Massaharu , Santos Beatriz Rosa , Yuki Valdir Atsushi , Takada Hélio Minoru , de Barros Danielle Ribeiro , Neves Carolina Garcia , da Silva Fábio Nascimento , Gonçalves Mayra Juline , Ghanim Murad , Boykin Laura , Pavan Marcelo Agenor , Krause-Sakate Renate 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe Bemisia tabaci is a polyphagous insect and a successful vector of plant viruses. B. tabaci is a species complex and in Brazil native species from the New World (NW) group, as well as the invasive species, Middle East-Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1) and Mediterranean (MED) were reported. For better understanding the distribution of the different species four years after the Mediterranean species invasion in Brazil, whiteflies were collected from 237 locations throughout the country between the years of 2013 and 2017, species were identified and the facultative endosymbionts detected. The survey revealed that MEAM1 was the prevalent species found on major crops across Brazil. It is the only species present in North, Northwestern and Central Brazil and was associated with virus-infected plants. MED was found in five States from Southeast to South regions, infesting mainly ornamental plants and was not associated with virus-infected plants. The prevalent endosymbionts identified in MEAM1 were Hamiltonella and Rickettsia; and the mtCOI analysis revealed low genetic diversity for MEAM1. In contrast, several different endosymbionts were identified in MED including Hamiltonella, Rickettsia, Wolbachia and Arsenophonus; and two distinct genetic groups were found based on the mtCOI analysis. Monitoring the distribution of the whiteflies species in Brazil is essential for proper management of this pest.
Genetic structure and polymorphisms of Gelao ethnicity residing in southwest china revealed by X-chromosomal genetic markers
Authors: Chen Pengyu , He Guanglin , Zou Xing , Wang Mengge , Luo Haibo , Yu Limei , Hu Xijie , Xia Mijia , Gao Hongyan , Yu Jian , Hou Yiping , Han Yanyan 
Published: September 2018

AbstractX-chromosome short tandem repeat markers (X-STRs), due to their special inheritance models, physical location on a single chromosome and the absence of recombination in male meiosis, play an important role in forensic and population genetics. While a series of genetic analyses focusing on the genetic diversity and forensic characteristics of X-STRs are well studied for ethnically/linguistically diverse and demographically large Chinese populations, genetic evidence from Gelao ethnicity is still sparse. Here, we genotyped the first batch of 19 X-STRs in 513 Chinese Gelao individuals (265 females and 248 males), and reported genetic polymorphisms, forensic characteristics based on the single locus and seven linkage groups. DXS10135 with the highest PIC (0.9106) and LG1 (DXS10148-DXS10135-DXS8378) with the largest HD (0.9970) are polymorphic and informative. The CPDs in Gelao males and females are respectively larger than 0.999999999997095 and 0.99999999999999999999918, and the combined MECs are larger than 0.999999975715109. Subsequently, we investigated the population relationships among 14 Chinese populations based on 19 X-STRs and among 23 populations based on 11 overlapped X-STRs. Our results revealed genetic differentiations among Tibeto-Burman, Altaic and other Chinese homogenous populations, and demonstrated that Guizhou Gelao has the genetically closer relationships with Han Chinese and geographically close Guizhou Miao.
Engineering chiral and topological orbital magnetism of domain walls and skyrmions
Authors: Lux Fabian R. , Freimuth Frank , Blügel Stefan , Mokrousov Yuriy 
Published: September 2018

AbstractElectrons that are slowly moving through chiral magnetic textures can effectively be described as if they were influenced by electromagnetic fields emerging from the real-space topology. This adiabatic viewpoint has been very successful in predicting physical properties of chiral magnets. Here, based on a rigorous quantum-mechanical approach, we unravel the emergence of chiral and topological orbital magnetism in one- and two-dimensional spin systems. We uncover that the quantized orbital magnetism in the adiabatic limit can be understood as a Landau-Peierls response to the emergent magnetic field. Our central result is that the spin–orbit interaction in interfacial skyrmions and domain walls can be used to tune the orbital magnetism over orders of magnitude by merging the real-space topology with the topology in reciprocal space. Our findings point out the route to experimental engineering of orbital properties of chiral spin systems, thereby paving the way to the field of chiral orbitronics.
De novo transcriptome assembly of fluorine accumulator tea plant Camellia sinensis with fluoride treatments
Authors: Li Qing-Sheng , Li Xu-Min , Qiao Ru-Ying , Shen En-Hui , Lin Xiao-Ming , Lu Jian-Liang , Ye Jian-Hui , Liang Yue-Rong , Zheng Xin-Qiang 
Published: September 2018

AbstractTea plant (Camellia sinensis) is a typical fluoride (F) hyperaccumulator enriching most F in old leaves. There is association between the risk of fluorosis and excessive consumption of teas prepared using the old leaves. It is meaningful to develop methods for controlling F levels in tea leaves. We generated a comprehensive RNA-seq dataset from tea plants grown at various F levels for different durations by hydroponics, aiming at providing information on mechanism of F metabolism in tea plant. Besides raw reads of the RNA-seq dataset, we present assembled unigenes and aligned unigenes with annotations versus the Gene Ontology (GO) databases, Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases, and Nonredundant (Nr) protein databases with low e-values. 69,488 unigenes were obtained in total, in which 40,894 were given Nr annotations.
Long non-coding RNA SNHG14 exerts oncogenic functions in non-small cell lung cancer through acting as an miR-340 sponge
Authors: Zhang Zhenhua , Wang Yong , Zhang Wei , Li Junyan , Liu Weiliang , Lu Wenming 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) SNHG14 is previously found to be overexpressed in several types of cancers. However, the clinical significance and biological function of SNHG14 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are still elusive. In the present study, we found that SNHG14 was aberrantly up-regulated in NSCLC tissues from patients and cell lines compared with their normal counterparts. Increased SNHG14 expression was closely associated with aggressive tumor progression and poor clinical outcome of NSCLC patients. Knockdown of SNHG14 inhibited NSCLC cell proliferation through inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, whereas SNHG14 overexpression exerted the opposite effects. Animal experiment further revealed that down-regulated SNHG14 greatly inhibited NSCLC tumor growth in vivo. Further studies demonstrated that SNHG14 might serve as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) by sponging miR-340 in NSCLC cells. Taken together, our study demonstrated that SNHG14/miR-340 axis might play a novel role in regulating the malignant behaviors of NSCLC, which provided a new potential diagnostic and therapeutic strategy for this malignant disease.
Follow-Up Studies of cf-DNA Testing from 101 Consecutive Fetuses and Related Ultrasound Findings
Authors: Basaran Seher , Has Recep , Kalelioglu Ibrahim Halil , Karaman Birsen , Kirgiz Melike , Dehgan Tahir , Satkin Bilge Nihan , Sivrikoz Tugba Sarac , Yuksel Atil 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Purpose To determine the true- and false-positive rates of cf-DNA testing in a cohort of patients from tertiary care centers and assess the impact of ultrasound examinations in pregnancy management.
Materials and Methods Clinical, cytogenetic and ultrasound data of 101 consecutive fetuses were collected retrospectively. Cases were classified into five groups according to the ultrasound findings. Karyotyping, interphase FISH and microarray techniques were used for follow-up studies.
Results The overall false-positive rate was low for trisomy 21 (T21, 8.2 %), but significantly higher for trisomy 18 (T18, 40 %), monosomy X (MX, 50 %), X/Y trisomies (57.1 %), trisomy 13 (T13, 71.4 %). While single cases of trisomy 16, trisomy 22 and 8q duplication positive in cf-DNA were confirmed, 3 microdeletions (1p36 and two 22q11.2) were not. About 75 % of confirmed T21’s and all confirmed T18 and T13 had major markers and/or malformations. While false-negative cases (two T21, one T18 and one T13) were identified due to abnormal ultrasound findings, all false-positive cases were normal sonographically. Ultrasound findings of confirmed trisomy 16, 22, dup8q, monosomy X and other X/Y aneuploidies were unspecific. Term placenta studies were helpful to assess the role of confined mosaicism in unconfirmed cf-DNA test results. A vanishing twin has been observed as the likely cause of one false-positive T18.
Conclusion Our study contributes clinical data on discrepant cf-DNA testing results, corroborates the need for confirmational invasive testing and underscores the benefit of expert ultrasound in the prevention of fatal diagnostic errors.
Zu den adhäsiven Eigenschaften der Eibischwurzel Althaea officinalis L., radix
Authors: Appel Kurt , Sacha Manuel , Wegener Tankred 
Published: September 2018

ZusammenfassungFür in pflanzlichen Drogen enthaltene Mucopolysaccharide wird eine Bioadhäsion an Schleimhäuten und damit ein Schutz vor irritativen Noxen beschrieben. Um hier weitere Kenntnisse zu erhalten, wurden verschiedene pflanzliche Drogen und auch Fertigprodukte in zwei verschiedenen experimentellen In-vitro-Studien unter Verwendung von buccaler Schleimhaut des Schweins untersucht. Gezeigt werden konnte zunächst ein verlangsamter Abfluss zweier unterschiedlicher Althaea-radix-enthaltender Zubereitungen auf der Schleimhaut, fixiert auf einer schiefen Ebene, was auf bioadhäsive Eigenschaften hinweist. In einem weiteren Modell mit der Franz-Diffusionszelle wurde der Einfluss auf die Permeation von Coffein durch die buccale Schleimhaut des Schweins untersucht. Hier wurde eine deutliche Hemmung der Permeation durch die Fertigprodukte (Hustensäfte bzw. Sirupe), jedoch kein oder kein eindeutiger Effekt für einen Althaea-officinalis-Extrakt als alleinigen Wirkstoff gefunden. Für die schleimhautprotektiven Wirkungen Mucopolysaccharid-haltiger Drogen dürfte zumindest gemäß den Ergebnissen in diesen Modellen auch die galenische Zusammensetzung eine bedeutsame Rolle spielen.
Reliability and Accuracy of Ball Speed During Different Strokes in Young Tennis Players
Authors: González-González Irene , Rodríguez-Rosell David , Clavero-Martín David , Mora-Custodio Ricardo , Pareja-Blanco Fernando , García Juan , González-Badillo Juan 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis study aimed to examine the relationship between anthropometric and sport level (SL) variables and both ball speed and accuracy in young male competitive tennis players. A secondary aim of this study was to analyze the possible differences in ball speed and accuracy between players of different competitive levels. A total of 85 players (age: 14.7±2.4 years; height: 1.65±0.12 m; body weight: 56.3±13.4 kg) were divided into five groups according to their positions in the ranking list. To measure stroke performances, the goal was to hit 20 balls at the maximum possible speed inside the court, with the opportunity of hitting a maximum of 30 balls for each groundstroke and 40 for serve. Accuracy was calculated by dividing the number of balls inside the default surface by the total number of hits. The ball speed showed high reliability for all three strokes assessed. The ball speed progressively increased as SL increased for all strokes, whereas accuracy remained unchanged across SL groups. All independent variables presented significant relationships (r=0.59–0.85, p<0.05–0.001) with ball speed for all strokes. However, after applying partial correlations these relationships decreased substantially (r=0.02–0.51). The accuracy showed significant relationships with SL only in the serve (r=0.31, p<0.05) and backhand (r=0.26, p<0.05) strokes. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest that tennis performance depends on increasing ball speed while maintaining a relatively stable level of accuracy.
Die Rasch Progessive Glomerulonephritis im Kindesalter
Authors: Mayer Ulrike , Bräsen Jan , Pape Lars 
Published: September 2018

ZusammenfassungDie rasch progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN) im Kindesalter stellt eine seltene aber schwere Erkrankung dar, die häufig zu einer dialysepflichtigen Niereninsuffizienz führt. In diesem Review wird die Definition der RPGN dargestellt und das grundsätzliche diagnostische und therapeutische Vorgehen inklusive Nierenbiopsie werden diskutiert. Darüber hinaus werden die Besonderheiten einzelner Krankheitsentitäten beschrieben, die eine RPGN verursachen können und entsprechende diagnostische und therapeutische Besonderheiten dargestellt.
Correlations Between Ultrasonographic Findings of Invasive Lobular Carcinoma of the Breast and Intrinsic Subtypes
Authors: Wen Xin , Yu Yingjiao , Yu Xiwen , Cheng Wen , Wang Zhuozhong , Liu Lin , Zhang Lei , Qin Ling , Tian Jiawei 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Purpose To analyze the ultrasonographic findings of invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) of the breast in 360 women and the correlations between the characteristics and the intrinsic subtypes.
Materials and Methods We evaluated the imaging findings according to the lexicon of the American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS). The included ultrasonographic features were shape, orientation, margin, echo pattern, posterior features, calcifications, the vascularity of the masses and the presence of architectural distortions. The associations between those features and the intrinsic ILC subtypes were investigated.
Results The most common manifestations of ILC on ultrasound (US) were hypoechoic masses with irregular shape, parallel orientation, spiculated margin, posterior acoustic shadowing, no calcification and blood vessels in the rim. The patients in the luminal A subtype were the youngest, and the patients in the HER2 overexpression subtype were the oldest (p = 0.01). On US, the HER2 overexpression subtype was characterized by microlobulated margins (p = 0.002), while the luminal A subtype and the luminal B subtype mostly had spiculated margins. The basal-like subtype was distinctive in that it had no posterior features (p = 0.041), rather than acoustic shadowing, and the masses in the HER2 and basal-like subtypes were larger than in the other two groups (p = 0.03).
Conclusion There were significant differences and several trends in the ultrasonographic characteristics of different intrinsic subtypes, which may supply accurate imaging diagnostic criteria to assist in the management of individuals with ILC.
Effects of Repeated-Sprint Training in Hypoxia on Tennis-Specific Performance in Well-Trained Players
Authors: Brechbuhl Cyril , Brocherie Franck , Millet Gregoire , Schmitt Laurent 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis study examined the physiological, physical and technical responses to repeated-sprint training in normobaric hypoxia [RSH, inspired fraction of oxygen (FiO2) 14.5%] vs. normoxia (RSN, FiO2 20.9%). Within 12 days, eighteen well-trained tennis players (RSH, n=9 vs. RSN, n=9) completed five specific repeated-sprint sessions that consisted of four sets of 5 maximal shuttle-run sprints. Testing sessions included repeated-sprint ability and Test to Exhaustion Specific to Tennis (TEST). TEST’s maximal duration to exhaustion and time to attain the ‘onset of blood lactate accumulation’ at 4 mMol.L−1 (OBLA) improvements were significantly higher in RSH compared to RSN. Change in time to attain OBLA was concomitant with observations similar in time to the second ventilatory threshold. Significant interaction (P=0.003) was found for ball accuracy with greater increase in RSH (+13.8%, P=0.013) vs. RSN (–4.6%, P=0.15). A correlation (r=0.59, P<0.001) was observed between change in ball accuracy and TEST’s time to exhaustion. Greater improvement in some tennis-specific physical and technical parameters was observed after only 5 sessions of RSH vs. RSN in well-trained tennis players.
Kapitalmarktreaktionen regulatorischer Interventionen im Krankenhausmarkt
Authors: Schöne Lukas , Meser Michael , Reinbacher Philipp 
Published: September 2018

Zusammenfassung
Zielsetzung Krankenhäuser müssen Renditeforderungen von Kapitalgebern erfüllen und gleichzeitig in einem stark regulierten Ordnungsrahmen ihrem
öffentlichen Versorgungsauftrag nachkommen. Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht, in welchem Verhältnis diese beiden Paradigmen stehen.
Methodik Die Analyse basiert auf einer Ereignisstudie, wonach Auswirkungen von Ereignissen auf Unternehmen anhand der Reaktionen ihrer Wertpapiere
gemessen werden. Als Ereignisse dienen fünf Gesetzesinitiativen im Krankenhausmarkt. Die Bestimmung der Wertpapierreaktionen erfolgt über die Messung der
abnormen Rendite, also der Differenz zwischen der erwarteten Rendite eines Wertpapiers, die mithilfe eines Schätzmodells ermittelt wird, und der tatsächlich
beobachteten Rendite nach Eintreten des Ereignisses.
Ergebnisse Für zwei der fünf untersuchten Gesetzesinitiativen lassen sich eindeutige abnorme Renditen beobachten, sodass davon ausgegangen werden kann,
dass diese die Erwartungen hinsichtlich des künftigen Unternehmenserfolgs aus Sicht der Eigenkapitalgeber verändern. Die anderen drei Gesetzesinitiativen zeigen
inkonsistente Ergebnisse.
Schlussfolgerung Obgleich die Ereignisstudie mit methodischen Fallstricken versehen ist, kann insgesamt davon ausgegangen werden, dass regulatorische
Eingriffe im Krankenhausmarkt nicht – wie vielfach vermutet – in einer Konkurrenzbeziehung zu Renditeansprüchen der Eigenkapitalgeber stehen.