bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circ_0058063 regulates CDK6 to promote bladder cancer progression by sponging miR‐145‐5p
Authors: Sun Ming , Zhao Wenyan , Chen Zhaofu , Li Ming , Li Shuqiang , Wu Bin , Bu Renge 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe study was aimed to investigate the influence of circ_0058063 on tumorigenesis as well as the regulatory mechanism of circ_0058063/miR‐145‐5p/
CDK6 pathway in bladder cancer (BC).MethodsBioinformatics analysis was used to screen highly expressed circle RNA (circRNA) and search its downstream microRNA (miRNA) and protein. The expression level of circRNA, miRNA, and CDK6 in BC cell lines T24 and J82 were determined by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) and western blot. Small interfering RNA was used to downregulate circ_0058063 expression. Cell proliferation, cell cycle, cell apoptosis, and cell migration of T24 cells and J82 cells were detected through MTT assay, flow cytometry, and wound‐healing assay, respectively. The relationships among miR‐145‐5p, circ_0058063, and
CDK6 were confirmed through dual luciferase reporter assay. In vivo experiment was also performed to explore the impact of circ_0058063/miR‐145‐5p/
CDK6 pathway on tumorigenesis in BALB/c nude mice.ResultsCirc_0058063 was significantly overexpressed in BC tissues. The downregulation of circ_0058063 impaired BC cell proliferation and migration ability but improved cell apoptosis ability. Circ_0058063 repressed miR‐145‐5p, which inhibited the expression of CDK6. Downregulation of circ_0058063 or miR‐145‐5p transfection contributed to more cells arresting in G0/G1 stage. MiR‐145‐5p suppressed cell growth and migration ability in BC, whereas
CDK6 exerted the opposite influence on these cellular events. In vivo experiment also indicated that tumor development in BALB/c nude mice was repressed remarkably when circ_0058063 was downregulated.ConclusionCirc_0058063 acted as a sponge of miR‐145‐5p to promote BC progression by regulating CDK6 expression, which provided some potential targets for BC treatment.
Taurine improves low‐level inorganic arsenic‐induced insulin resistance by activating PPARγ‐mTORC2 signalling and inhibiting hepatic autophagy
Authors: Gao Ni , Yao Xiaofeng , Jiang Liping , Yang Lei , Qiu Tianming , Wang Zhidong , Pei Pei , Yang Guang , Liu Xiaofang , Sun Xiance 
Published: October 2018

AbstractInorganic arsenic (iAs) is reportedly associated with the increased incidence of type 2 diabetes in the population. Here, we found that iAs exposure significantly decreased the expression of glycolytic genes and glycogen content and increased gluconeogenesis gene levels in C57/BL6J mice. The expression of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ (PPARγ), and mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) were decreased in the livers of iAs‐treated mice. Furthermore, in iAs‐treated HepG2 cells, we found that PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone (RGS) increased the expression of mTORC2, inhibited autophagy, and improved glucose metabolism. mTORC2 agonist palmitic acid inhibited autophagy and improved glucose metabolism as well as the autophagosome formation inhibitor 3‐methyladenine. Taurine, a natural compound, reversed impaired glucose metabolism and decreased expression of PPARγ and mTORC2 induced by iAs in mice liver and HepG2 cells. These data indicated that taurine administration could ameliorate iAs‐induced insulin resistance through activating PPARγ‐mTORC2 signalling and subsequently inhibiting hepatic autophagy.
Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide inhibits UVB‐induced melanogenesis by antagonizing cAMP/PKA and ROS/MAPK signaling pathways
Authors: Hu Shuanghai , Huang Jinhua , Pei Shiyao , Ouyang Yujie , Ding Yufang , Jiang Ling , Lu Jianyun , Kang Liyang , Huang Lihua , Xiang Hong , Xiao Rong , Zeng Qinghai , Chen Jing 
Published: October 2018

AbstractUltraviolet (UV)‐induced pigmentation is very common in clinical practice, but the current treatments are rarely effective, accompanied by some side effects. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLP) is a natural antioxidant with no toxic side effects, which can antagonize UVB‐induced fibroblast photo aging. The study aims to explore the role of GLP in inhibiting UVB‐induced melanogenesis and its possible mechanism. The expression of melanogenesis genes such as microphthalmia‐associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosine (TYR), tyrosinase related protein 1 (TYRP1), tyrosinase related protein 2 (TYRP2), ras‐related protein Rab‐27A (Rab27A), and Myosin shows an upward trend after exposure of B16F10 and PIG1 cells to UVB irradiation, but GLP can downregulate the expression of genes related to UVB‐induced melanogenesis. GLP can inhibit UVB‐activated protein kinase A (PKA) and mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. Besides, GLP protects mitochondria from UVB damage and inhibits reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Also, UVB‐induced cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) can be inhibited. It has been found in the experiments of UVB‐induced skin pigmentation in zebrafish that GLP is capable of inhibiting UVB‐induced skin pigmentation. Meanwhile, it can greatly relieve erythema reaction in guinea pig skin caused by high‐dosage UVB irradiation. In conclusion, this study shows that GLP can inhibit UVB‐induced melanogenesis by antagonizing cAMP/PKA and ROS/MAPK signaling pathways and is a potential natural safe whitening sunscreen additive.
Exogenous glutathione improves intracellular glutathione synthesis via the γ‐glutamyl cycle in bovine zygotes and cleavage embryos
Authors: Li Feng , Cui Lixin , Yu Dawei , Hao Haisheng , Liu Yan , Zhao Xueming , Pang Yunwei , Zhu Huabin , Du Weihua 
Published: October 2018

AbstractExcess reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated in embryos during in vitro culture damage cellular macromolecules and embryo development. Glutathione (GSH) scavenges ROS and optimizes the culture system. However, how exogenous GSH influences intracellular GSH and improves the embryo developmental rate is poorly understood. In this study, GSH or GSX (a stable GSH isotope) was added to the culture media of bovine in vitro fertilization embryos for 7 days. The cleavage rate, blastocyst rate, and total cell number of blastocysts were calculated. Similarly to GSH, GSX increased the in vitro development rate and embryo quality. We measured intracellular ROS, GSX, and GSH for 0–32‐hr postinsemination (hpi) in embryos (including zygotes at G1, S, and G2 phases and cleaved embryos) cultured in medium containing GSX. Intracellular ROS significantly decreased with increasing intracellular GSH in S‐stage zygotes (18 hpi) and cleaved embryos (32 hpi). γ‐Glutamyltranspeptidase (
GGT) and
glutathione synthetase (
GSS) messenger RNA expression increased in zygotes (18 hpi) and cleaved embryos treated with GSH, consistent with the tendency of overall GSH content. GGT activity increased significantly in 18 hpi zygotes. GGT and GCL enzyme inhibition with acivicin and buthionine sulfoximine, respectively, decreased cleavage rate, blastocyst rate, total cell number, and GSH and GSX content. All results indicated that exogenous GSH affects intracellular GSH levels through the γ‐glutamyl cycle and improves early embryo development, enhancing our understanding of the redox regulation effects and transport of GSH during embryo culture in vitro.
Knockdown of long noncoding RNA urothelial carcinoma associated 1 inhibits colorectal cancer cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis via modulating autophagy
Authors: Song Fengling , Li Lexing , Liang Danyang , Zhuo Yisha , Wang Xueyi , Dai Hanchuan 
Published: October 2018

AbstractLong noncoding RNA urothelial carcinoma associated 1 (UCA1) has been implicated in the growth and metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC), and autophagy contributes to tumorigenesis and cancer cell survival. However, the regulatory role of UCA1 in CRC cell viability by modulating autophagy remains unclear. In the present study, a significant positive correlation was observed between UCA1 and microtubule‐associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) levels, and the elevated UCA1 was negatively correlated with the PKB/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in 293T cells. Downregulation of UCA1 inhibited autophagy activation and cell proliferation, whereas the apoptosis was increased and the cell cycle was arrested in G2 stage. The next results showed that UCA1 was markedly upregulated in Caco‐2 cells. Knockdown of UCA1 significantly decreased the LC3‐II and autophagy‐related gene 5 (ATG5) protein levels and resulted in an increase in p62 expression. Conversely, the autophagy activator rapamycin (RAPA) reversed the effects. Furthermore, downregulated UCA1 decreased Caco‐2 cells population in the G1 phase and increased the cells number in G2 phage. The cell proliferation was inhibited, and apoptosis rate was promoted. More important, RAPA could also abrogate the changes induced by knockdown of UCA1. Collectively, these data demonstrated that downregulated UCA1 induced autophagy inhibition, resulting in suppressing cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis, which suggested that UCA1 might serve as a potential new oncogene to regulate CRC cells viability by modulating autophagy.
Effects of luteolin on canine osteosarcoma: Suppression of cell proliferation and synergy with cisplatin
Authors: Ryu Soomin , Park Sunwoo , Lim Whasun , Song Gwonhwa 
Published: October 2018

AbstractCanine osteosarcoma is characterized by aggressiveness, easy metastasis to the lungs, and high mortality after standard therapy. Luteolin is a flavonoid found in vegetables and fruits and has diverse functions. Elucidation of the biological mechanisms of luteolin on canine osteosarcoma will enhance the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents in canine tumors. In this study, we examined the effects of luteolin in the canine osteosarcoma cell lines, D17 and DSN. The results of this study show that luteolin inhibited canine osteosarcoma cell proliferation and induced apoptosis by altering cell‐cycle proportion, producing reactive oxygen species, increasing the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and reducing cytosolic Ca2+ concentration. In addition, luteolin activated ERK1/2 and inactivated phosphoinositide 3‐kinase/AKT signaling in canine osteosarcoma cells. Moreover, luteolin showed synergistic effects with cisplatin to reduce cell proliferation. In summary, luteolin induced cell death by initiating mitochondrial dysfunction and regulating intracellular signal transduction in canine osteosarcoma cells.
CYLD deficiency promotes pancreatic cancer development by causing mitotic defects
Authors: Xie Songbo , Wu Yuhan , Hao Huijie , Li Jingrui , Guo Song , Xie Wei , Li Dengwen , Zhou Jun , Gao Jinmin , Liu Min 
Published: October 2018

AbstractSuccessful treatment of pancreatic cancer, which has the highest mortality rate among all types of malignancies, has challenged oncologists for decades, and early detection would undoubtedly increase favorable patient outcomes. The identification of proteins involved in pancreatic cancer progression could lead to biomarkers for early detection of this disease. This study identifies one potential candidate, cylindromatosis (CYLD), a deubiquitinase and microtubule‐binding protein that plays a suppressive role in pancreatic cancer development. In pancreatic cancer samples, downregulation of CYLD expression resulted from a loss in the copy number of the CYLD gene; additionally, reduced expression of CYLD negatively correlated with the clinicopathological parameters. Further study demonstrated that CYLD deficiency promoted colony formation in vitro and pancreatic cancer growth in vivo. Mechanistic studies revealed that CYLD is essential for spindle orientation and properly oriented cell division; CYLD deficiency resulted in a substantial increase in chromosome missegregation. Taken together, these data indicate a critical role for CYLD in suppressing pancreatic tumorigenesis, implicating its potential as a biomarker for early detection of pancreatic cancer and a prognostic indicator of patient outcomes.
Potential of coagulation/GAC adsorption combined with UV/H2O2 and ozonation for removing dissolved organic matter from secondary RO concentrate
Authors: Zhang Xian , Lin Jiuyang , Ye Wenyuan , Zhou Wei , Jia Xuxiang , Zhao Shuaifei , Ye Chunsong 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBACKGROUDOrganic contaminants in secondary reverse osmosis (SRO) concentrate pose a severe threat to the ecosystem, due to their potential toxicity. In this study, potential of coagulation/granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption combined with UV/H2O2 and ozonation for removing organic matter from industrial secondary RO concentrate was systematically investigated.RESULTSCoagulation with 2.0 mmol L−1 FeCl3 yielded 40% removal of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), while adsorption with 5 g L−1 GAC could boost the removal efficiency up to 78.2%. Fractionation results showed that both coagulation and GAC adsorption favored hydrophobic organics. UV/H2O2 oxidation was capable of removing 87.4% of DOC, which outperformed ozonation (58.2%). UV/H2O2 and ozonation showed similar behavior in dissolved organic matter (DOM) degradation: a portion of hydrophobic organics were first transformed into hydrophilic fractions prior to final mineralization.ConclusionCoupling of GAC as post‐treatment with a UV/H2O2 process yielded 97.9% removal of DOC and the corresponding electrical energy per order (EE/O) was decreased from 66.7 to 35.8 kWh m−3. Consequently, a simple UV/H2O2 and GAC hybrid process was proposed to be a suitable method for removing DOM from SRO concentrate. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Internalized HIV stigma, ART initiation and HIV‐1 RNA suppression in South Africa: exploring avoidant coping as a longitudinal mediator
Authors: Earnshaw Valerie A , Bogart Laura M , Laurenceau Jean‐Philippe , Chan Brian T , Maughan‐Brown Brendan G , Dietrich Janan J , Courtney Ingrid , Tshabalala Gugulethu , Orrell Catherine , Gray Glenda E , Bangsberg David R , Katz Ingrid T 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIntroductionCross‐sectional evidence suggests that internalized HIV stigma is associated with lower likelihoods of antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation and HIV‐1 RNA suppression among people living with HIV (PLWH). This study examined these associations with longitudinal data spanning the first nine months following HIV diagnosis and explored whether avoidant coping mediates these associations.MethodsLongitudinal data were collected from 398 South African PLWH recruited from testing centres in 2014 to 2015. Self‐report data, including internalized stigma and avoidant coping (denying and distracting oneself from stressors), were collected one week and three months following HIV diagnosis. ART initiation at six months and HIV‐1 RNA at nine months were extracted from the South Africa National Health Laboratory Service database. Two path analyses were estimated, one testing associations between internalized stigma, avoidant coping and ART initiation, and the other testing associations between internalized stigma, avoidant coping and HIV‐1 RNA suppression.ResultsParticipants were 36 years old, on average, and 63% identified as female, 18% as Zulu and 65% as Xhosa. The two path models fit the data well (ART initiation outcome: X2(7) = 8.14, p = 0.32; root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.02; comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.92; HIV‐1 RNA suppression outcome: X2(7) = 6.58, p = 0.47; RMSEA = 0.00; CFI = 1.00). In both models, internalized stigma one week after diagnosis was associated with avoidant coping at three months, controlling for avoidant coping at one week. In turn, avoidant coping at three months was associated with lower likelihood of ART initiation at six months in the first model and lower likelihood of HIV‐1 RNA suppression at nine months in the second model. Significant indirect effects were observed between internalized stigma with ART non‐initiation and unsuppressed HIV‐1 RNA via the mediator of avoidant coping.ConclusionsInternalized stigma experienced soon after HIV diagnosis predicted lower likelihood of ART initiation and HIV‐1 RNA suppression over the first year following HIV diagnosis. Avoidant coping played a role in these associations, suggesting that PLWH who internalize stigma engage in greater avoidant coping, which in turn worsens medication‐ and health‐related outcomes. Interventions are needed to address internalized stigma and avoidant coping soon after HIV diagnosis to enhance treatment efforts during the first year after HIV diagnosis.
MR‐Based Radiomics Nomogram of Cervical Cancer in Prediction of the Lymph‐Vascular Space Invasion preoperatively
Authors: Li Zhicong , Li Hailin , Wang Shiyu , Dong Di , Yin Fangfang , Chen An , Wang Siwen , Zhao Guangming , Fang Mengjie , Tian Jie , Wu Sufang , Wang Han 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundLymph‐vascular space invasion (LVSI) is an unfavorable prognostic factor in cervical cancer. Unfortunately, there are no current clinical tools for the preoperative prediction of LVSI.PurposeTo develop and validate an axial T1 contrast‐enhanced (CE) MR‐based radiomics nomogram that incorporated a radiomics signature and some clinical parameters for predicting LVSI of cervical cancer preoperatively.Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationIn all, 105 patients were randomly divided into two cohorts at a 2:1 ratio.Field Strength/SequenceT1 CE MRI sequences at 1.5T.AssessmentUnivariate analysis was performed on the radiomics features and clinical parameters. Multivariate analysis was performed to determine the optimal feature subset. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to evaluate the performance of prediction model and radiomics nomogram.Statistical TestsThe Mann–Whitney U‐test and the chi‐square test were used to evaluate the performance of clinical characteristics and LVSI status by pathology. The minimum‐redundancy/maximum‐relevance and recursive feature elimination methods were applied to select the features. The radiomics model was constructed using logistic regression.ResultsThree radiomics features and one clinical characteristic were selected. The radiomics nomogram showed favorable discrimination between LVSI and non‐LVSI groups. The AUC was 0.754 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.6326–0.8745) in the training cohort and 0.727 (95% CI, 0.5449–0.9097) in the validation cohort. The specificity and sensitivity were 0.756 and 0.828 in the training cohort and 0.773 and 0.692 in the validation cohort.Data ConclusionT1 CE MR‐based radiomics nomogram serves as a noninvasive biomarker in the prediction of LVSI in patients with cervical cancer preoperatively.Level of Evidence: 4Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;49:1420–1426.
Long‐term monitoring of ocelot densities in Belize
Authors: Satter Christopher B. , Augustine Ben C. , Harmsen Bart J. , Foster Rebecca J. , Sanchez Emma E. , Wultsch Claudia , Davis Miranda L. , Kelly Marcella J. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTOcelots (Leopardus pardalis) are listed as least concern on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red list of Threatened Species, yet we lack knowledge on basic demographic parameters across much of the ocelot's geographic range, including population density. We used camera‐trapping methodology and spatially explicit capture‐recapture (SECR) models with sex‐specific detection function parameters to estimate ocelot densities across 7 field sites over 1 to 12 years (from data collected during 2002–2015) in Belize, Central America. Ocelot densities in the broadleaf rainforest sites ranged between 7.2 and 22.7 ocelots/100 km2, whereas density in the pine (Pinusspp.) forest site was 0.9 ocelots/100 km2. Applying an inverse‐variance weighted average over all years for each broadleaf site increased precision and resulted in average density ranging from 8.5 to 13.0 ocelots/100 km2. Males often had larger movement parameter estimates and higher detection probabilities at their activity centers than females. In most years, the sex ratio was not significantly different from 50:50, but the pooled sex ratio estimated using an inverse weighted average over all years indicated a female bias in 1 site, and a male bias in another. We did not detect any population trends as density estimates remained relatively constant over time; however, the power to detect such trends was generally low. Our SECR density estimates were lower but more precise than previous estimates and indicated population stability for ocelots in Belize. © 2018 The Authors.Journal of Wildlife Managementpublished by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of The Wildlife Society.
Recyclable MoO3 nanobelts for photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B by near infrared irradiation
Authors: Hu Chao , Xu Minjie , Zhang Jun , Zhou Yunong , Hu Bonian , Yu Gang 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMolybdenum trioxide (MoO3) represented an excellent photocatalytic performance with many applications, including degradation of organic contaminants and splitting of water. This paper presented a new route to synthesize MoO3 nanobelts with high aspect ratios and crystallinity by a hydrothermal technique. This work showed that the as‐synthesized nanobelts exhibited strong photocatalytic activity to degrade an organic dye of Rhodamine B (RhB) in aqueous solution under the exposure of the light source in the near infrared wavelength range, significantly improving the photocatalytic activity of the nanobelts. The results also showed that for a small concentration of RhB at 7.5 mg/L a complete photodegradation (for a given MoO3 nanobelts quantity of 0.1 g) can be reached after exposing for 60 min. For all concentrations of the RhB solution, the photodegradation exhibited an exponential dependence on the exposure time followed by a sudden shutdown, but no complete photodegradation can be reached. Also, the residual quantity of RhB in solution after the photocatalytic reaction was determined by the initial RhB concentration. The photocatalytic degradation can be interpreted by the pseudo–first‐order equation for the absorption of liquid/solid based on solid capacity; thus, photocatalytic degradation can be attributed to the interaction between the photoexcited electrons in the substrate and the antibonding orbital of the RhB in solution. The sudden shutdown was due to the inability of the photoexcited electrons in the substrate hopping to the antibonding orbital of RhB in the presence of the RhB intermediate products from the degraded RhB. In addition, this work showed that the photocatalytic reaction can be recovered after a thermal treatment of postreacted MoO3 nanobelts, enhancing the utilization efficiency of the catalysis.