bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is Medical Therapy for Distal Ureteral Stones Efficient? Tamsulosin versus Deflazacort: A Prospective Randomised Trial
Authors: Kucukpolat Salim , Kocaaslan Ramazan , Kadihasanoglu Mustafa , Bagcioglu Murat , Kocan Huseyin , Sarica Kemal 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Introduction To evaluate the efficacy of tamsulosin and deflazacort in the spontaneous expulsion of distal ureteral stones when applied in an independent or combined manner.
Methods 134 patients with distal ureteral stones (4 – 10 mm) were included in tothe study. All patients were randomized into four groups: group 1 (n = 37) patients receiving tamsulosin (0.4 mg/day); group 2 (n = 26) patients receiving deflazacort (30 mg/day); group 3 (n = 37) patients receiving combined treatment (tamsulosin and deflazacort) with the same dosages; and group 4, control group cases (n = 34), receiving paracetamol on demand. Although deflazacort treatment was limited to 10 days due to the possible associated side effects, α-blocker and paracetamol lasted up to four weeks. Patients were followed up on a weekly basis and at the end of four weeks all groups were compared primarily with respect to the stone expulsion rates.
Results No statistically significant difference was noted between all groups regarding the age, sex, or stone burden (p > 0.05). Spontaneous stone expulsion rates after 4 weeks were 64.8 %, 69.2 %, 75.7 %, and 26.4 % in group 1, 2, 3, and 4 respectively. Spontaneous passage rates were statistically higher in all treatment groups when compared with the control group. Despite the highest spontaneous stone expulsion rate noted in group 3; this difference was not statistically significant when compared with the group 1 and 2. No major side effect related to the medications was observed.
Conclusions Tamsulosin facilitated the spontaneous passage of distal ureteral stones < 10 mm in size in an effective manner particularly when applied in combination with an oral corticosteroid.
The Importance of Primary Reconstruction in the Treatment of Blast Related Hand Injuries During Childhood
Authors: Bukvic Nado , Srsen Medancic Suzana , Nikolic Harry , Bosak Veršic Ana , Bukvic Frane , Gusic Nadomir , Marinovic Marin 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Introduction Blast injuries are common during wartime but are also related to various holiday festivals worldwide. Despite strict legislations, these devices still cause serious injuries leaving permanent disabilities. Children are affected in numerous cases with the hand being the most affected body region. The aim of our study was to profile the blast related hand injuries and to review treatment modalities that we used.
Methods A retrospective study of patients treated for blast-devices related hand injuries between 2006 and 2015 was performed.
Results 112 patient with blast related hand injuries were treated in our department during the 10-year period. Most of the patients were male. The dominant hand was injured in 83.9% of the patients. Associated injuries were observed in 14.3% of patients. 90 children were treated on an out-patient basis, mostly due to hand burns (86.7%) or uncomplicated blast injuries (13.3%). 22 children required hospitalization due to severe blast and crush injuries and amputations. Surgery was carried out as the urgent procedure and involved debridement with primary repair. In the case of amputations debridement and sufficient skin ensuring complete wound coverage was the procedure of choice.
Conclusion Blast related injuries of the hand during childhood are frequent and can cause different and complex defects. Besides prevention of these injuries, primary reconstruction of the affected hand is of outmost importance in preventing long-term consequences.
Autologe hämatopoetische Stammzelltransplantation bei Autoimmunerkrankungen
Authors: Henes Jörg , Xenitidis Theodoros , Wirths Stefan 
Published: September 2019

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie Stammzelltransplantation von hämatopoetischen Stammzellen (HSCT) kann den autoaggressiven Teil des Immunsystems ersetzen. Daher stellt diese Therapie eine Option auch für schwere Autoimmunerkrankungen dar. Vor allem bei der Systemischen Sklerose und der Multiplen Sklerose konnte durch prospektive, randomisierte Studien die Effektivität der Therapie gezeigt werden. Die hämatopoetische Stammzelltransplantation ist eine aggressive Therapie mit vielen möglichen Komplikationen, daher darf die Indikation nur durch erfahrene Zentren und bei gut ausgewählten Patienten erfolgen. Einige Studien laufen derzeit auch in Deutschland.
Immunologische Nebenwirkungen von Checkpoint-Inhibitoren
Authors: Xenitidis Theodoros , Henes Jörg C. 
Published: September 2019

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGCheckpoint-Inhibitoren besitzen einen anderen Wirkmechanismus als Chemotherapeutika und können daher auch bei fortgeschrittenen und metastasierten Tumoren noch Teilremissionen, in manchen Fällen sogar komplette Remissionen bewirken. Checkpoint-Inhibitoren blockieren inhibitorische Signale, welche die Krebszelle sich zu Nutzen macht, um einer Erkennung durch das Immunsystem zu entkommen. Hierbei kommt es zu einer erneuten Aktivierung des Immunsystems, die als Nebeneffekt auch die Toleranz des Immunsystems gegenüber normalen Körperzellen verringert und dadurch Autoimmunerkrankungen auslösen oder bereits bestehende verschlechtern kann. Im Rahmen früher Pilotstudien und nachfolgender Zulassungsstudien ergaben sich eine Vielzahl von Nebenwirkungen, die man als immune-related adverse events (irAE) bezeichnet. Die meisten Nebenwirkungen aller Checkpoint-Inhibitoren treten in der Regel erst nach einigen Wochen oder Monaten auf, sind leicht- bis mäßiggradig einzustufen und zumeist reversibel.
Joint Statement of the German Radiological Society and the German Respiratory Society on a Quality-Assured Early Detection Program for Lung Cancer with Low-Dose CT
Authors: Wormanns Dag , Kauczor Hans-Ulrich , Antoch Gerald , Biederer Jürgen , Herth Felix J. F. , Vogel-Claussen Jens , Reinmuth Niels , Pfeifer Michael ,   Board of Directors, Deutsche Röntgengesellschaft,   Board of Directors, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin
Published: September 2019

Substantial new data on the early detection of lung cancer with low-dose CT has become available since the last joint statement of the German Radiological Society and the German Respiratory Society was published in 2011. The German S3 guideline on lung cancer was revised in 2018 and now contains a weak recommendation regarding the early detection of lung cancer with low-dose CT in a quality-assured early detection program. These new developments required a change in the position of the involved professional societies. This joint statement describes the main features of a quality-assured program for the early detection of lung cancer with low-dose CT in Germany.
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Proton Pump Inhibitors and Dabigatran Therapy: Impact on Gastric Bleeding and Dabigatran Plasma Levels
Authors: Bolek Tomáš , Samoš Matej , Škorňová Ingrid , Galajda Peter , Staško Ján , Kubisz Peter , Mokáň Marián 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDabigatran etexilate, a direct thrombin inhibitor, is now frequently used for long-term pharmacological prevention of stroke or systemic embolism in patients with atrial fibrillation. However, such long-term dabigatran therapy (DT) significantly increases the risk of upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. This increased risk of gastric bleeds might be reduced with gastroprotective agents, such as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). PPIs coadministrated with dabigatran reduce the risk of upper GI bleeding in patients on long-term oral DT. Nevertheless, there is heated discussion regarding interactions between PPI and dabigatran that lead to decreases in dabigatran plasma levels. This article reviews up to date data about the risk of gastric bleeding on dabigatran, the impact of PPI on the reduction of gastric bleeding, and the interaction between PPI and dabigatran leading to decreased dabigatran plasma levels.
Fetomaternal Bleeding and Neonatal Hematocrit following Cesarean Delivery: Routine versus Transplacental Transection
Authors: Gregory Emily , Towers Craig V. , van Nes Jaclyn , Shumard Kristina , Fortner Kim B. , Weitz Beth 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objective To evaluate fetomaternal bleeding following routine cesarean delivery compared with cesarean delivery involving transplacental transection.
Study Design A prospective cohort study evaluating cesarean delivery in which the placenta was transected (cases) versus controls (placenta not transected) from January 2016 to April 2018. A maternal Kleihauer–Betke's (KB) test and newborn hematocrit were performed shortly after delivery.
Results The rate of a positive KB test was not significantly different between cases (n = 31) and controls (n = 61) (19 vs. 14%; odds ratio [OR]: 1.44; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.46–4.49; p = 0.74). Median neonatal hematocrits were not different. However, the rate of newborn hematocrits <40% at delivery was higher in cases compared with controls (23 vs. 3%; OR: 8.90; 95% CI: 1.72–45.90; p = 0.005).
Conclusion A cesarean requiring transplacental transection to accomplish delivery does not significantly increase the rate of fetomaternal bleeding but is associated with a higher likelihood of newborn hematocrit <40% at delivery.
Evolution of parental melts of alkali ultrabasic intrusive massives of Maimecha-Kotui Province (Polar Siberia)
Authors: Vasiliev Yu R , Simonov V A , Gora M P 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Computational modeling based on data on the compositions of melt inclusions in chrome-spinelids using the COMAGMAT [12] and PETROLOG [11] programs indicates the similarity of the parent melt of meimechites [4] with the picritic magma of the Gulinsky massif. Experimental data on the inclusions confirm this conclusion, showing the reliability of the actually calculated trends in the fractionation of ultrabasic melts. In general, the calculations showed that the crystallization of olivine from the high-magnesium pyrite melt occurred in the temperature range of 1510–1260 ° C, mainly at a pressure of 6–7 kbar. At the same time, the melt evolves and approaches its composition to olivine basalt, from which, starting from 1200 ° C, clinopyroxene mainly crystallizes with enrichment of the residual melt with alkalis, rare and rare-earth elements. The similarity of the compositions of the parental melts for meimechites and Gulinsky pluton rocks and the proximity of P – T parameters of their evolution indicates a possible genetic relationship of these magmatic formations.
Handling ecological problems in gaga rice cultivating through mantra darmawarsa of Merapi-Merbabu
Authors: Anjani A , Suparta I M 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Darmawarsa text (L 329) is one of Merapi-Merbabu manuscripts tradition which currently is stored in The National Library, Jakarta. The text is written in “Buddha” script with an Old Javanese language. Darmawarsa has its meaning of goodness or virtue of the rain, which comes from two words namely dharma for obligation or virtue, and warsa for the year of the rain. The content of Darmawarsa text is about the mantra (spell) to summon and stop the rain that’s related to irrigating gaga rice cultivation which is known in the agricultural culture of Java. The methods applied to examine the text is textual criticism and ecological-religious approach. The results of the research are: (1) Gaga rice cultivation is an ancient method of planting rice that can be done in hilly land contour such as the slope of Merbabu mountains, (2) the peasant community has solved problems on the unstable of ecological conditions based on mantra (rain summoning spells) which theologically as part of their religious-cultural life, and (3) philologically, Darmawarsa text is a documentation of agricultural tradition of the past in dealing with environmental (ecological) problems by including local wisdom.
Bridging cassava to community: simple practices of connecting research - industry - community for sustainable food system
Authors: Khumaida N , Ardie SW , Purwanto YA 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Indonesia is one of the third largest world cassava producers, however, Indonesia was still importing cassava to meet domestic demand. Indonesia utilizes cassava for food and feed, while the use of cassava for bio-energy is also emerging. To support the high cassava demand, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB) is actively involved in the cassava development program. The multidisciplinary research activities in the university include breeding, ecophysiology, plant biotechnology, pest and disease management, also agricultural engineering. Designing research based on the industry- and community-demand is as important as delivering the research results to its users. Starting in 2017, the cassava research team in IPB implement simple practices to gain insights into market demand on cassava products and to deliver research results to the market. Through a Technology Based Pre-Enterprise Program, we introduce a one stop shopping concept for cassava based products and technologies to the industry and community with the brand name of Catalyst - Cassava Life Style. However, collaboration from various stakeholders is needed to realize the added value of cassava in Indonesia.
The dinoflagellate causing ciguatera fish poisoning, Prorocentrum lima, in Karimunjawa island waters - Central Java
Authors: Widiarti R , Zamani NP , Bengen DG , Madduppa H 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Prorocentrum lima is one of the microalgae species in Dinoflagellates group, which could cause Ciguatera Fish Poisoning (CFP) syndrome. P. lima commonly found it attached to various kind of macroalgae species and could cause human poisoning through biomagnification process in the food chain. Research on the abundance of P. lima and the environmental factors influences had been conducted in Karimunjawa Island, on 24 August 2018, and the objective of the research is to analyze the P. lima distributions in Karimunjawa waters, based on the cells abundance and environmental factors. The research was carried out by collecting macroalgae Padina and Sargassum at four stations, in the reef flat of Karimunjawa Island. Macroalgae were put inside plastic bottles and vigorously shaken by vortex (12500 rpm, 1 minute). Water samples separated from the macroalgae, filtered through a series of sieves, and then observed under a light microscope. The environmental factors are analyzed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Results showed a high abundance of P. lima found at Station 1 (Tanjung Gelam beach), which are 266 cells/ml on Padina and 210 cells/ml on Sargassum. Based on PCA analysis, Station 1 was characterized by water current, light intensity, phosphate, and depth. Those environmental factors should support the higher abundance of P. lima cells at the station.
A review on perovskite lanthanum aluminate (LaAlO3), its properties and applications
Authors: Rizwan Muhammad , Gul Samina , Iqbal Tahir , Mushtaq Uzma , Farooq M Hassan , Farman Muhammad , Bibi Rabia , Ijaz Mohsin 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
An introduction to perovskites along with their structure and properties are discussed. Lanthanum Aluminate (LaAlO3) compound, its phase transition from cubic to rhombohedral, chemical bonding, the electronic structure and the optical properties are argued in this review. The generalized gradient approximation by using the full potential linearized augmented plane wave is discussed. Other analysis methods are also discussed. The analysis of the bond population and the electronic density profile gives the nature of both ionic and covalent bonds. Moreover, dielectric function which is calculated is in full agreement with the experimental data. The spectrum of electron energy-loss, refractive index, conductivity, absorption spectrum and the reflectivity are easily obtained from a calculated dielectric function. The 6.1 eV optical band gap is exhibited by the absorption spectrum which agrees with some other experimental calculations. Importance of a perovskite type compounds cannot be denied. Different applications are also described in this paper.
Mechanotransduction and Uterine Blood Flow in Preeclampsia: The Role of Mechanosensing Piezo 1 Ion Channels
Authors: Arishe Olufunke O , Ebeigbe Anthony B , Webb R Clinton 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
There is a large increase in uterine arterial blood flow during normal pregnancy. Structural and cellular adjustments occur in the uterine vasculature during pregnancy to accommodate this increased blood flow through a complex adaptive process that is dependent on multiple coordinated and interactive influences and this process is known as “vascular remodeling.” The etiology of preeclampsia involves aberrant placentation and vascular remodeling leading to reduced uteroplacental perfusion. The placental ischemia leads to development of hypertension and proteinuria in the mother, intrauterine growth restriction, and perinatal death in the fetus. However, the underlying source of the deficient vascular remodeling and the subsequent development of preeclampsia remain to be fully understood. Mechanoreceptors in the vascular system convert mechanical force (shear stress) to biochemical signals and feedback mechanisms. This review focuses on the Piezo 1 channel, a mechanosensitive channel that is sensitive to shear stress in the endothelium; it induces Ca2+ entry which is linked to endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activation as the mechanoreceptor responsible for uterine vascular dilatation during pregnancy. Here we describe the downstream signaling pathways involved in this process and the possibility of a deficiency in expression of Piezo 1 in preeclampsia leading to the abnormal vascular dysfunction responsible for the pathophysiology of the disease. The Piezo 1 ion channel is expressed in the endothelium and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) of small-diameter arteries. It plays a role in the structural remodeling of arteries and is involved in mechanotransduction of hemodynamic shear stress by endothelial cells (ECs).
How to govern the digital transformation of health services
Authors: Ricciardi Walter , Pita Barros Pedro , Bourek Aleš , Brouwer Werner , Kelsey Tim , Lehtonen Lasse ,   Expert Panel on Effective Ways of Investing in Health (EXPH), Anastasy Christian , Barros Pedro , Barry Margaret , Bourek Aleš , Brouwer Werner , De Maeseneer Jan , Kringos Dionne , Lehtonen Lasse , McKee Martin , Murauskiene Liubove , Nuti Sabina , Ricciardi Walter , Siciliani Luigi , Wild Claudia 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The impact of digitalization of health services has been profound and is expected to be even more profound in the future. It is important to evaluate whether digital health services contribute to health system goals in an optimal way. This should be done at the level of the service, not the ‘digital transformation’. Decisions to adopt new digital health services, at different levels of the health care system, are ideally based on evidence regarding their performance in light of health system goals.
In order to evaluate this, a broad perspective should be taken in evaluations of digital health services. Attainment of the broad health system goals, including quality, efficiency and equity, are objectives against which to judge new digital health services. These goals in a broad sense are unaltered by the process of digitalization. Governance should be designed and tailored in such a way to capture all relevant changes in an adequate way.
When evaluating digital health services many specific aspects need to be considered.
Like for other innovations and (new) technologies, such promises may or may not materialize and potential benefits may also be accompanied by unintended and/or negative (side) effects in the short or long term. Hence, the introduction, implementation, use and funding of digital health technologies should be carefully evaluated and monitored.
Governments should play a more active role in the further optimization both of the process of decision making (both at the central and decentral level) and the related outcomes. They need to find a balance between centralized and decentralized activity. Moreover, the broader preparation of the health care system to be able to deal with digitalization, from education, through financial and regulatory preconditions, to implementation of monitoring systems to monitor its effects on health system performance remains important.
Distribution patterns of fungal taxa and inferred functional traits reflect the non-uniform vertical stratification of soil microhabitats in a coastal pine forest
Authors: Kluting Kerri , Clemmensen Karina , Jonaitis Stanislovas , Vasaitis Rimvydas , Holmström Sara , Finlay Roger , Rosling Anna 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTIn boreal systems, soil profiles typically consist of distinct stratified horizons, with organic layers at the surface overlying deeper mineral horizons providing microhabitat variation along a depth gradient, and vertical stratification of fungal communities along such soil profiles is commonly observed. We studied fungal community structure in a coastal pine forest along a gradient of decreasing influence from the coast. In this system, the vertical stratification pattern of soil microhabitats (defined here as organic, mineral with roots and mineral without roots: O, MR and MN, respectively) is non-uniform; organic horizons are sometimes buried under drifting sand dunes. Our results show that soil microhabitats are distinct with respect to physiochemical characteristics, community composition and OTU richness. While community composition was partly related to depth and distance from the coastal forest edge, microhabitat appeared to have the strongest influence. A closer inspection of the OTUs with the highest relative sequence abundance within each microhabitat revealed that microhabitats support functionally distinct fungal communities with respect to trophic mode and growth morphology. These results suggest that in coastal pine forests, variation in soil microhabitats contributes to the high fungal diversity found belowground and may play an important role in optimizing nutrient cycling.
Large presacral abscess in a patient with Crohn’s disease
Authors: Wang Jing , Ng Matthew , Kochar Kunal 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA presacral abscess with sacral osteomyelitis and gluteal abscesses is a very rare complication of Crohn’s disease and is often clinically unsuspected or overlooked. We report a case of a 58-year-old male who presented for right hip pain after a fall. An abdominal and pelvic CT scan showed an atypical presacral abscess with a fistulizing tract extending through the sciatic notch and lateral to the gluteus medius and minimus muscles forming an intramuscular abscess. The endoscopic transanal approach was used to drain the presacral abscess. This method of drainage was successful and the patient had a favorable prognosis.