bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
House prices and property tax revenues during the boom and bust: Evidence from small‐area estimates
Authors: Goodman Christopher B. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAlthough the Great Recession put the US economy into a tailspin, we know little about how the changes in house prices influenced property tax collections. Using local‐level housing data from Zillow® matched to property tax data from 1998 to 2012, two questions are examined. First, the elasticity of property tax revenue with respect to house values is estimated. Second, the timing of this elasticity is determined. The analysis rules out that local policymakers capture the entire increase of house value in property tax revenues but unable to rule out that increases in house values are completely offset by changes in effective property tax rates. Decreases in values have an elasticity between 0.3 and 0.4 and take three years for changes in values to impact property tax revenues. While property tax collections declined, local policymakers adjusted effective millage rates such that revenues did not decline as much as home values.
Clinical efficacy of a chlorhexidine‐based mouthrinse containing hyaluronic acid and an antidiscoloration system in patients undergoing flap surgery: A triple‐blind, parallel‐arm, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Trombelli Leonardo , Simonelli Anna , Pramstraller Mattia , Guarnelli Maria Elena , Fabbri Chiara , Maietti Elisa , Farina Roberto 
Published: August 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the postsurgery gingival healing as well as plaque, gingival inflammation and staining levels following the use of a 0.2% chlorhexidine (CHX) solution with or without antidiscoloration system (ADS) and 0.2% hyaluronic acid (HA).MethodsPatients undergoing flap surgery at sites with an intact or reduced but healthy periodontium participated in a parallel‐arm RCT. After surgery, patients used the assigned mouthrinse (CHX + HA + ADS or CHX) for 21 days. At days 7 and 21, the healing process was evaluated at experimental teeth using a composite index, namely the Gingival Healing Index (GHI). GHI score was obtained as the sum of the scores related to the severity of wound dehiscence (score 1‐3) and the profile of the buccal and oral aspects of the papilla (score 1‐3). Therefore, GHI ranged from 2 (worst quality of healing) to 6 (optimal quality of healing). Plaque Index (PlI), Gingival Index (GI), angulated bleeding score (AngBS), and tooth and tongue staining were also assessed.ResultsIn both groups, GHI assumed values of 5 or 6 at both days 7 and 21 in ≥50% of patients, and low median values of PlI, GI, AngBS and staining were observed during the 21‐day period. Except for a significantly lower GI in CHX group at day 7, no other significant intergroup differences were found.ConclusionsPostsurgery plaque control based on either CHX or CHX + HA + ADS mouthrinses results in optimal plaque control and quality of early gingival healing along with limited tooth and tongue staining.
Non‐thermal technologies and its current and future application in the food industry: a review
Authors: Zhang Zhi‐Hong , Wang Lang‐Hong , Zeng Xin‐An , Han Zhong , Brennan Charles S. 
Published: August 2018

SummaryIn recent years, consumers have been demanding convenient and healthy foods which have ‘fresh‐like’ characteristics while still being safe and a long shelf‐life. These requirements are hard to achieve using existing traditional thermal food processing technologies and the innovative new food process and preservation technologies based on thermal processing systems are needed. However, non‐thermal technologies in food processing do not generate high temperature and use short treatment times. This means that the nutritional components of foodstuffs are better retained, and the sensory properties of foods are less changed compared with traditional thermal processing. The aim of this review was to present non‐thermal technologies applications and its mechanism in food industry in recently, and to explore the potential application prospects of combining non‐thermal treatments applied in food industry because it not only could overcomes the drawback of single technology, but also can enhances the processing efficiency at lower treatment intensity.
Narratives of Settling in Contexts of Mobility: A Comparative Analysis of Irish and Polish Highly Qualified Women Migrants in London
Authors: Ryan Louise 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAdopting a spatio‐temporal lens, this article explores how highly qualified migrant women negotiate relationships and career motivations in specific socio‐structural contexts. Comparing migration experiences of Irish and Polish women in London, I explore similarities within and differences between these groups. Having joined the EU in 1973, Ireland can be regarded as part of “old EU”, while Poland joining in 2004 is part of the “new” wave of EU members. Migration from old and new member states is often discussed separately using different framing. This article contributes to understanding migration in three ways. Firstly, by developing comparative analysis, which goes beyond narrow and static migrant categories. Secondly, by challenging the temporary/transient versus permanence/integration dichotomy to explore a “sliding scale” of migrant trajectories. Thirdly, by illustrating how evolving relationships, through the life cycle, may enable but also hinder migrant women's opportunities for settling in or moving on.
Species richness and similarity of metazoan parasite communities in three species of leatherjacket (Oligoplites: Pisces: Carangidae) from the Pacific coast of Mexico
Authors: Santos‐Bustos Nataly G. , Violante‐González Juan , Monks Scott , Rojas‐Herrera Agustín A. , García‐Ibáñez Sergio , Flores‐Rodríguez Pedro , Almazán‐Núñez Roberto C. , Moreno‐Díaz Giovanni 
Published: August 2018

AbstractSpecies richness and similarity in metazoan parasite communities of fishes can be influenced by several biotic (age, body size, vagility, feeding and social behavior, among others), and local abiotic (temperature, salinity, etc.) factors. The parasite communities of three species of Oligoplites, marine fishes from the Pacific coast of Mexico, were quantified and analyzed. Four hundred sixty‐eight leatherjackets (O. altus, n=94; O. saurus, n=260; and O. refulgens, n=114) were collected from February 2016 to June 2017 from five locations. Twenty‐eight species of metazoan parasites were recovered and identified: four species of Monogenea (adults), nine of Digenea (seven adults and two metacercariae); two of Cestoda (larvae); four of Nematoda (two adults and two larvae); four of Acanthocephala (two adults, one juvenile, and one cystacanth); four of Copepoda; and one Pentastomida (larvae). At the component community level, species richness ranged from 9 in O. saurus to 19 in O. altus. Different species of helminth dominated the component communities of each species of host. Community composition and species richness of parasites differed among the three species of host, locations, and sampling years. Host feeding behavior, body size, and vagility had the most influence on these differences.
Microstructure–conductivity relationship of Na3Zr2(SiO4)2(PO4) ceramics
Authors: Naqash Sahir , Sebold Doris , Tietz Frank , Guillon Olivier 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe ionic conductivity of solid electrolytes is dependent on synthesis and processing conditions, ie, powder properties, shaping parameters, sintering time (ts), and sintering temperature (Ts). In this study, Na3Zr2(SiO4)2(PO4) was sintered at 1200 and 1250°C for 0‐10 hours and its microstructure and electrical performance were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy and impedance spectroscopy. After sintering under all conditions, the sodium super‐ionic conductor‐type structure was formed along with ZrO2 as a secondary phase. The microstructure investigation revealed a bimodal particle size distribution and grain growth at both Ts. The density of samples increased from 60% at 1200°C for 0 hours to 93% at 1250°C for 10 hours. The ionic conductivity of the samples increased with ts due to densification and grain growth, ranging from 0.13 to 0.71 mS/cm, respectively. The corresponding equivalent circuit fitting for the impedance spectra revealed that grain boundary resistance is the prime factor contributing to the changing conductivity after sintering. The activation energy of the bulk conductivity (Ea,bulk) remained almost constant (0.26 eV) whereas the activation energy of the total conductivity (Ea) exhibited a decreasing trend from 0.37 to 0.30 eV for the samples with ts = 0 and 10 hours, respectively—both sintered at 1250°C. In this study, the control of the grain boundaries improved the electrical conductivity by a factor of 6.
The differential impact of interactions outside the organization on employee well‐being
Authors: Bhave Devasheesh P. , Halldórsson Freyr , Kim Eugene , Lefter Alexandru M. 
Published: August 2018

We examine two different perspectives of interactions outside the organization: the relational work design perspective and the emotional labour perspective. The relational work design perspective suggests that interactions outside the organization have favourable outcomes for employees, whereas the emotional labour perspective suggests that such interactions have adverse outcomes for employees. Our goal is to reconcile findings from these two research streams. In Study 1, using data from employees working in diverse occupations, we find that interactions outside the organization have a positive indirect effect on employee well‐being via task significance, and a negative indirect effect on employee well‐being via surface acting. In Study 2, using data collected across two time points, we replicate these findings. In Study 3, we further extend these results and illustrate that interactional autonomy and interactional complexity are influential moderators that shape the strength of the mediated relationships. Our results aid in reconciling and extending findings from two different research streams, and enhance our understanding of the role of interactions outside the organization.Practitioner points

Managers should consider that employees’ interactions outside the organization have the potential to improve their well‐being.

Organizations could redesign jobs to enable employees in customer‐facing roles to have greater discretion in how they interact with their customers and also increase the variety of these interactions.
Insights into Ceres's evolution from surface composition
Authors: Castillo‐Rogez Julie , Neveu Marc , McSween Harry Y. , Fu Roger R. , Toplis Michael J. , Prettyman Thomas 
Published: August 2018

AbstractInspired by the recent results of the Dawn mission, thermodynamic models of rock alteration and brine evaporation have been used to help understand the conditions under which water–rock interaction took place within the dwarf planet Ceres. This analysis constrains Ceres's early history and offers a framework within which future observations may be interpreted. A broad range of alteration conditions have been simulated using the Geochemist's Workbench and PHREEQC software, associated with the FREZCHEM model that constrains the consequences of freezing the liquid phase in equilibrium with the observed mineralogical assemblage. Comparison of the modeling results with observed surface mineralogy at Ceres indicates advanced alteration under a relatively high fugacity of hydrogen, a conclusion that is consistent with predictions for, and observations of, large ice‐rich bodies. The simulations suggest production of methane that could help regulate the redox environment and possibly form clathrate hydrates upon freezing of the early ocean. The detection of localized occurrences of natrite (sodium carbonate) at the surface of Ceres provides key constraints on the composition of fluids that are necessarily alkaline. In addition, the combined hydrothermal and freezing simulations suggest that hydrohalite may be abundant in Ceres's subsurface, similar to Earth's polar regions. The global homogeneity of Ceres's surface, made of material formed at depth, suggests a large‐scale formation mechanism, while local heterogeneities associated with impact craters and landslides suggest that some form of sodium carbonate and other salts are accessible in the shallow subsurface.
Effects and Mechanism of Nicotinamide Against UVA‐ and/or UVB‐mediated DNA Damages in Normal Melanocytes
Authors: Chhabra Gagan , Garvey Debra R. , Singh Chandra K. , Mintie Charlotte A. , Ahmad Nihal 
Published: August 2018

AbstractMelanoma incidences are increasing rapidly, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun is believed to be its major contributing factor. UV exposure causes DNA damage in skin which may initiate cutaneous skin cancers including melanoma. Melanoma arises from melanocytes, the melanin‐producing skin cells, following genetic dysregulations resulting into hyperproliferative phenotype and neoplastic transformation. Both UVA and UVB exposures to the skin are believed to trigger melanocytic hyperplasia and melanomagenesis. Melanocytes by themselves are deficient in repair of oxidative DNA damage and UV‐induced photoproducts. Nicotinamide, an active form of vitamin B3 and a critical component of the human body's defense system has been shown to prevent certain cancers including nonmelanoma skin cancers. However, the mechanism of nicotinamide's protective effects is not well understood. Here, we investigated potential protective effects and mechanism of nicotinamide against UVA‐ and/or UVB‐ induced damage in normal human epidermal melanocytes. Our data demonstrated an appreciable protective effect of nicotinamide against UVA‐ and/or UVB‐ induced DNA damage in melanocytes by decreasing both cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and 8‐hydroxy‐2′‐deoxyguanosine levels. We found that the photoprotective response of nicotinamide was associated with the activation of nucleotide excision repair genes and NRF2 signaling. Further studies are needed to validate our findings in in vivo models.
Microbiological Decontamination of Water: Improving the Solar Disinfection Technique (SODIS) with the Use of Nontoxic Vital Dye Methylene Blue
Authors: Cardoso‐Rurr Janine S. , de Paiva Juliana Patrão , Paulino‐Lima Ivan G. , de Alencar Tatiana A.M. , Lage Claudia A.S. , Leitão Alvaro C. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractRational use of water is a major challenge for governments and global organizations, with easy and inexpensive interventions being sought by communities that are not supplied with drinking water. In this context, solar disinfection (SODIS) has shown great efficiency for water disinfection. To speed up the process and improve inactivation, we studied the effects of methylene blue (MB) as a photodynamic agent because of its ability to absorb visible light (red wavelength) and generate singlet oxygen as a reactive species, thereby inactivating bacteria and viruses present in water. In this study, samples of clean mineral water were artificially contaminated with Gram‐positive (Staphylococcus epidermidis or Deinococcus radiodurans) or with Gram‐negative strains (Escherichia coli or Salmonella typhimurium) and exposed to traditional SODIS or to MB‐SODIS. A lethal synergistic effect was observed when cultures were illuminated in the presence of MB. The obtained results indicate that bacterial inactivation can be achieved in a much shorter time when using MB associated with SODIS treatment. Therefore, this technique was able to provide safe water for consumption through the inactivation of microorganisms in general, including pathogens and some strains resistant to the traditional SODIS procedure, thus allowing its use in areas usually less exposed to sunlight.
Living in a nursing home: a phenomenological study exploring residents’ loneliness and other feelings
Authors: Paque Kristel , Bastiaens Hilde , Van Bogaert Peter , Dilles Tinne 
Published: August 2018

BackgroundLoneliness is suggested to be one of the most prominent feelings nursing home residents are struggling with, and is related to various negative health outcomes and impaired quality of life. While there has been some research on social predictors and the impact of depression and loneliness on social relationships in nursing home residents, there has been very little qualitative research in investigating their own perception of such feelings.ObjectiveTo explore general feelings among nursing home residents, with a specific interest in loneliness in order to develop strategies for support and relief.MethodThis phenomenological study used an interview guide with open‐ended questions to ensure focused in‐depth data collection. Data were obtained through face‐to‐face interviews (n = 11). Interpretative phenomenological analysis was used for data analyses.ResultsLoneliness is more than being alone among others. The residents’ unfulfilled need for meaningful relationships plays a crucial role in feelings of loneliness. Losing their self‐determination due to institutionalisation was strongly related to loneliness and caused strong emotions, such as grief.ConclusionIt is vital that healthcare professionals are aware of these feelings and pay much attention to resident preferences while developing (individualised) interventions to prevent loneliness.
The Impact of Social Segregation on the Labor Market Outcomes of Low‐Skilled Workers*
Authors: Horváth Gergely 
Published: August 2018

AbstractWe study the impact of network homophily on labor market outcomes in a search‐and‐matching model with two job search channels: the formal market and social contacts. There are two worker types: low‐skilled and high‐skilled workers. The homophily level determines whether the referral networks of the two types are mixed or segregated from each other. We show that there exists an intermediate homophily level that minimizes the unemployment rate and maximizes the wages of low‐skilled workers. Complete integration does not maximize the welfare of low‐skilled workers, unless it improves their productivity. We argue that our model can explain the empirical findings on the labor market effects of the Moving‐to‐Opportunity experiment and the integration of immigrants.
Revision surgery for failed anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with extension deficiency
Authors: Chang Moon Jong , Jeong Jin Hwa , Chang Chong Bum , Kim Young Jun , Seo Bo‐Kyung , Song Min Kyu , Kang Taehoon , Kang Seung‐Baik 
Published: August 2018

BackgroundSome patients with recurrent symptomatic instability after primary anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction have an extension deficiency (ED). This study (a) compared preoperative clinical conditions between the ED and non‐ED groups undergoing revision ACL reconstruction, (b) documented clinical and arthroscopic findings in ACL‐reconstructed patients with reinstability and ED, and (c) determined whether the ED could be resolved and whether the clinical results of revision surgery differed between the ED and non‐ED groups.MethodsThis study included 58 patients who underwent revision ACL reconstruction. Patients were divided into the ED and non‐ED groups. Preoperatively, the demographics and clinical conditions of the two groups were compared. Intraoperatively, the pathological structures that related to ED were documented. After surgery, the degree of postoperative ED and functional outcomes were compared between the two groups at 2‐year follow‐up.ResultsThe International Knee Documentation Committee subjective score and SF‐36 physical component summary scores were worse in the ED group than the non‐ED group preoperatively (54 vs 48 [P = 0.014]; 42 vs 39 [P = 0.031], respectively). Intraoperatively, the ED group showed significantly more frequent graft malposition (50% vs 5%), anvil osteophytes (44% vs 0%), and scarring around posterior intercondylar notch (100% vs 0%). However, there was no difference in the degree of postoperative ED and functional outcome between the two groups at follow‐up.ConclusionsED in patients with recurrent instability after primary ACL reconstruction could be treated with good clinical result by addressing the pathological conditions causing ED in addition to ACL re‐reconstruction.
Novel Autotrophic Organisms Contribute Significantly to the Internal Carbon Cycling Potential of a Boreal Lake
Authors: Peura Sari , Buck Moritz , Aalto Sanni L. , Morales Sergio E. , Nykänen Hannu , Eiler Alexander 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT
Oxygen-stratified lakes are typical for the boreal zone and also a major source of greenhouse gas emissions in the region. Due to shallow light penetration, restricting the growth of phototrophic organisms, and large allochthonous organic carbon inputs from the catchment area, the lake metabolism is expected to be dominated by heterotrophic organisms. In this study, we test this assumption and show that the potential for autotrophic carbon fixation and internal carbon cycling is high throughout the water column. Further, we show that during the summer stratification carbon fixation can exceed respiration in a boreal lake even below the euphotic zone. Metagenome-assembled genomes and 16S profiling of a vertical transect of the lake revealed multiple organisms in an oxygen-depleted compartment belonging to novel or poorly characterized phyla. Many of these organisms were chemolithotrophic, potentially deriving their energy from reactions related to sulfur, iron, and nitrogen transformations. The community, as well as the functions, was stratified along the redox gradient. The autotrophic potential in the lake metagenome below the oxygenic zone was high, pointing toward a need for revising our concepts of internal carbon cycling in boreal lakes. Further, the importance of chemolithoautotrophy for the internal carbon cycling suggests that many predicted climate change-associated fluctuations in the physical properties of the lake, such as altered mixing patterns, likely have consequences for the whole-lake metabolism even beyond the impact to the phototrophic community.

IMPORTANCE
Autotrophic organisms at the base of the food web are the only life form capable of turning inorganic carbon into the organic form, facilitating the survival of all other organisms. In certain environments, the autotrophic production is limited by environmental conditions and the food web is supported by external carbon inputs. One such environment is stratified boreal lakes, which are one of the biggest natural sources of greenhouse gas emissions in the boreal region. Thus, carbon cycling in these habitats is of utmost importance for the future climate. Here, we demonstrate a high potential for internal carbon cycling via phototrophic and novel chemolithotrophic organisms in the anoxic, poorly illuminated layers of a boreal lake. Our results significantly increase our knowledge on the microbial communities and their metabolic potential in oxygen-depleted freshwaters and help to understand and predict how climate change-induced alterations could impact the lake carbon dynamics.