bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Underaddressed animal‐welfare issues in conservation
Authors: Hampton Jordan O. , Hyndman Timothy H. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMuch progress has been made toward assessing and improving animal welfare in conservation. However, several glaring knowledge gaps remain where animal‐welfare concerns exist but animal‐welfare studies have not been performed in politically sensitive contexts. Based on contemporary issues in Australia, we identified 4 topics that require more research: animal‐welfare oversight for operations designated as management (as opposed to research); animal‐welfare impacts of biological agents used to control invasive animals; welfare of animals hunted recreationally; and animal‐welfare impacts associated with indigenous wildlife use. Animal‐welfare science may be applied to these sensitive topics through simple quantitative studies (e.g., quantifying the frequency of adverse animal‐welfare events). Several such studies have effectively addressed animal‐welfare concerns in similarly contentious contexts, including feral camel (Camelus dromedarius) culling in Australia, recreational hunting in Scandinavia, and indigenous whale hunting in the United States. For discussions of animal welfare in conservation to be evidence‐based, courageous research is required in the 4 key areas we identified.
Chronicles of a democracy postponed
Authors: Gaber Elena , Polishchuk Leonid , Sokolov Kharis , Stukal Denis 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWe explain a lack of civic culture in today's Russia, closely related to a democratic deficit in the country, by a path dependency which has originated at the critical juncture of transition to market economy. Suppression of democracy in the early 1990s to expedite unpopular reform exposed the new institutional order to oligarchic capture and set in motion a vicious circle of extractive economic and political institutions. The latter have been shaping views and attitudes in the society via institutional learning, continuously suppressing civic culture and solidifying social foundations for extractive institutions. We present evidence from the World Values Survey supporting the above conclusions.
Liver resection versus transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for the treatment of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatic vein or inferior vena cava tumor thrombus: A propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Chen Zhen‐Hua , Zhang Xiu‐Ping , Wang Kang , Sun Ju‐Xian , Chai Zong‐Tao , Yang Yang , Guo Wei‐Xing , Shi Jie , Lau Wan Yee , Cheng Shu‐Qun 
Published: December 2018

AimBecause of the rarity of hepatic vein tumor thrombus (HVTT) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), little is known about HVTT. Thus, the survival benefit of liver resection (LR) versus transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for HCC patients with HVTT or inferior vena cava tumor thrombus (IVCTT) remains controversial. We aimed to explore the survival benefits of LR versus TACE for the treatment of these patients.MethodsFrom 2012 to 2016, a total of 276 patients with HVTT or IVCTT who underwent liver resection or TACE were enrolled in this study. Patients in the LR group were matched at a 1:1 ratio with patients treated with TACE as an initial treatment (TACE group). Clinical characteristics, overall survival, and disease‐free survival were analyzed.ResultsThe median survival time in the LR group was 4.7 months longer than that in the TACE group before PSM (19.4 vs. 14.7 months, P = 0.006) and 6.9 months longer than that in the TACE group after PSM (20.9 vs. 14.0 months, P = 0.019). The median disease‐free survival time in the LR group was 3.2 months longer than that in the TACE group before PSM (12.3 vs. 9.1 months, P = 0.038) and 5.8 months longer than that in the TACE group after PSM (13.0 vs. 7.2 months, P = 0.011).ConclusionLiver resection provides a good prognosis for HCC patients with HVTT or IVCTT compared with patients undergoing TACE, and coexistence with portal vein tumor thrombus is the most important factor related to survival.
Reform, Resistance and Managerial Clawback: The Evolution of ‘Reform Prisons’ in England
Authors: BENNETT JAMIE 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAbstract: In late modernity, prison policy and practice have been characterised as being structured by punitiveness and managerialism. Recent research on prison reform has focused on the pervasiveness of punitiveness, but the resilience of managerialism is equally important in understanding contemporary penality. The creation of ‘reform prisons’ in England, offered an attempt to reimagine managerialism, where prison managers would act with greater autonomy, freed up from centralised policy prescription and monitoring of compliance. The article explores how this reform developed in practice. Particular attention is paid to the retreat from the original intentions and the emergence of a counter‐reformation, reasserting the centralised, managerial hegemony. It is concluded that while attention has been paid to punitiveness, the existence of a carceral habitus, and the process of carceral clawback, managerialism also plays a central role in shaping contemporary penality, and it is important to draw attention to a managerial habitus and managerial clawback.
Persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) coproducts as a new ingredient in pork liver pâté: influence on quality properties
Authors: Lucas‐González Raquel , Pellegrini Marika , Viuda‐Martos Manuel , Pérez‐Álvarez José Ángel , Fernández‐López Juana 
Published: December 2018

SummaryPersimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) coproducts are rich in fibre, sugar, minerals and bioactive compounds, make it a good candidate for use in the meat industry. The aim was to evaluate the effect of adding (3% and 6%) two different types of persimmon flour (from cultivars ‘Rojo Brillante’ and ‘Triumph’) on the chemical composition (proximate composition, haeme iron and nitrite residual level), physicochemical properties (pH, water activity and colour), lipid oxidation, emulsion stability, texture and sensory acceptance of pork liver pâté. The addition of persimmon flours decreased residual nitrite levels in pâté to an extent that depended on the concentration and type of flour. Lipid oxidation in pâtés was also reduced by persimmon flour addition, an effect made evident by the increase in pâté redness, which could allow its application as natural antioxidant. In a sensory analysis, all the pâtés with persimmon flour added were better accepted than the control.
An approach to improve the safety and quality of ready‐to‐eat blueberries
Authors: Bambace María Florencia , Gerard Liliana Mabel , Moreira María del Rosario 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBioactive edible coatings were developed and applied to blueberries as a natural treatment. E. coli O157:H7, L. innocua, S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa were subjected to four bioactive compounds and to three film‐forming solutions (FFS). Vanillin and geraniol at low concentrations (1.2–1.8 mg/mL and 0.4–1 μL/mL) demonstrated significant inhibitory effects on all pathogens counts. Chitosan (Ch) showed a high antimicrobial activity (final counts below 2 log CFU/mL). The effectiveness of Ch plus vanillin (Ch‐Va) and geraniol (Ch‐Ge) in improving the safety were tested against pathogens inoculated on blueberries. Ch, Ch‐Va, and Ch‐Ge coatings exerted a bactericidal effect on all pathogens (from 1.24 to more than 2 log reductions). Significant reduction in yeast and mold counts was achieved with Ch (1.09 log) and Ch + Va (1.74 log). Sensory attributes of blueberries remained acceptable. Ch‐Va and Ch‐Ge were an alternative to improve the quality and safety and could be effective in extending the shelf life of ready‐to‐eat blueberries.Practical applicationsThe present study proposes the use of natural coatings enriched with biopreservatives as a technological alternative to enhance the quality and safety of minimally processed fruits. According to the results obtained, the application of chitosan plus vanillin/geraniol coatings on fresh blueberries would allow to offer a safe product and respond the growing demand of consumers for fresh, environmentally friendly and chemical preservatives‐free foods. These findings and those obtained by the sensory evaluation support the practical application of this alternative in the minimally processed fruit industry.
Cesarean rates in a Chilean public hospital and the use of a new prioritization criteria: The relevance index
Authors: Yamamoto Masami , Latorre Rodrigo , Rojas Juan , Walker Bernardita , Jordán Felipe , Carrillo Jorge , Paiva Enrique , Insunza Alvaro 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimCesarean section rates are increasing worldwide and Robson's classification system allows a practical approach to study this phenomenon. C‐section in Chile has been indicated as unexpectedly high, with important variability within the country and payment systems. The aim was to report our data using Robson's system and the evolution of local C‐section rate in a public hospital during a 9‐year period.MethodsRetrospective analysis (2005–April 2014), in a metropolitan hospital in Santiago. All deliveries were classified into Robson groups. Time changes were analyzed with Pearson's correlation. P value <0.05 was considered significant. A ‘relevance index’ (RI) for each group was calculated as 100 × C‐S rate × relative contribution.ResultsThe overall C‐section rate increased from 24 to 27% (P < 0.05) in 53 571 deliveries, with a greater increase in groups 1 (nulliparous, single, term cephalic, spontaneous labor), 3 (multiparous, single, no previous C‐S, term cephalic, spontaneous labor) and 4 (multiparous, single, no previous C‐S, term cephalic, induced or no labor). Despite no increase in Group 5 (women with one or more previous C‐S) this group had the highest RI (20.3), which defined priority for intervention over others.ConclusionC‐S rate was lower than that reported in other centers from Chile and Latin America. Robson's classification and the RI allowed prioritization. Although increase in groups 1, 3 and 4, group 5 needs attention because of stronger impact on overall C‐S rate. This analysis allowed to define how to lower C‐S rate in our institution.
Veterinary‐focused assessment with sonography for trauma‐airway, breathing, circulation, disability and exposure: a prospective observational study in 64 canine trauma patients
Authors: Armenise A. , Boysen R. S. , Rudloff E. , Neri L. , Spattini G. , Storti E. 
Published: December 2018

ObjectiveTo describe the technique and findings of the ‘veterinary focused assessment with sonography for trauma‐airway, breathing, circulation, disability and exposure’ protocol in dogs suffering from trauma.Materials and MethodsProspective observational study on a new point‐of‐care ultrasound protocol on 64 dogs suffering from trauma and comparison of findings with radiology.ResultsComparison of the results of this new ultrasound protocol for trauma patients with radiography findings for pneumothorax, pleural effusion, alveolar‐interstitial syndrome and abdominal effusion revealed positive agreement of 89, 83, 100 and 87% and negative agreement of 76, 83, 76 and 92%, respectively. Novel findings of the ‘veterinary focused assessment with sonography for trauma‐airway, breathing, circulation, disability and exposure’ exam, which were not previously reported for dogs undergoing focused assessment with sonography for trauma, included alveolar‐interstitial syndrome (suggestive of pulmonary contusions), diaphragmatic hernia, retroperitoneal effusion and tracheal injury. Our new technique may also help identify increased intracranial pressure via changes in optic nerve sheath diameter and haemodynamic instability through the evaluation of the caudal vena cava and cardiac function.Clinical SignificanceThe described ultrasound examination protocol can be rapidly performed on dogs suffering from trauma during resuscitation and it may detect injuries previously undetectable using other veterinary point‐of‐care ultrasound protocols.
Pusey and Transubstantiation: An Exploration of His Thinking and Ecumenical Implications
Authors: Douglas Brian 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis article seeks to explore the thinking of Edward Bouverie Pusey on the doctrine of transubstantiation. It begins by looking at the conflicted way Pusey is considered and goes on to examine Pusey's writings on transubstantiation. The article points out that Pusey's early writing on transubstantiation wrongly believed that the doctrine implied a carnal view of Christ's presence in the Eucharist, but that in his mature thinking this caricature was abandoned and he came to understand that transubstantiation is a form of moderate realism. Some detailed examination of Pusey's mature thinking is undertaken, including a very important set of correspondence between Edward Pusey and John Newman in 1867 which addressed the doctrine of transubstantiation. Pusey's thinking reveals that he is prepared to accept the word transubstantiation as long as it does not imply a change in the substance of the bread and wine of the Eucharist. The article concludes with discussion on the term transubstantiation itself and controversially cites evidence from both Anglican and Roman Catholic sources which suggest that the dependence on a particular scholastic philosophical analysis which attempts to explain the ‘how’ of the real presence of Christ in the Eucharist may be less useful than an approach of ‘what’. Pusey's mature thinking on transubstantiation is seen as useful for ecumenical dialogue between the Anglican and Roman Catholic Churches.
Integrating a genome‐wide association study with a large‐scale transcriptome analysis to predict genetic regions influencing the glycaemic index and texture in rice
Authors: Anacleto Roslen , Badoni Saurabh , Parween Sabiha , Butardo Vito M. , Misra Gopal , Cuevas Rosa Paula , Kuhlmann Markus , Trinidad Trinidad P. , Mallillin Aida C. , Acuin Cecilia , Bird Anthony R. , Morell Matthew K. , Sreenivasulu Nese 
Published: December 2018

SummaryReliably generating rice varieties with low glycaemic index (GI) is an important nutritional intervention given the high rates of Type II diabetes incidences in Asia where rice is staple diet. We integrated a genome‐wide association study (GWAS) with a transcriptome‐wide association study (TWAS) to determine the genetic basis of the GI in rice. GWAS utilized 305 re‐sequenced diverse indica panel comprising ~2.4 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) enriched in genic regions. A novel association signal was detected at a synonymous SNP in exon 2 of LOC_Os05g03600 for intermediate‐to‐high GI phenotypic variation. Another major hotspot region was predicted for contributing intermediate‐to‐high GI variation, involves 26 genes on chromosome 6 (GI6.1). These set of genes included GBSSI, two hydrolase genes, genes involved in signalling and chromatin modification. The TWAS and methylome sequencing data revealed cis‐acting functionally relevant genetic variants with differential methylation patterns in the hot spot GI6.1 region, narrowing the target to 13 genes. Conversely, the promoter region of GBSSI and its alternative splicing allele (G allele of Wxa) explained the intermediate‐to‐high GI variation. A SNP (C˃T) at exon‐10 was also highlighted in the preceding analyses to influence final viscosity (FV), which is independent of amylose content/GI. The low GI line with GC haplotype confirmed soft texture, while other two low GI lines with GT haplotype were characterized as hard and cohesive. The low GI lines were further confirmed through clinical in vivo studies. Gene regulatory network analysis highlighted the role of the non‐starch polysaccharide pathway in lowering GI.
Indigenous Immigrants from Latin America (IILA): Racial/Ethnic Identity in the U.S.
Authors: Bazo Vienrich Alessandra 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn recent decades, migration from all corners of the world has created one of the most racially/ethnically diverse immigrant populations in the history of the United States. While today migratory flows are predominantly from Asia, immigrants from Latin America continue to make up the largest immigrant group in the United States. The influx of this group reflects the heterogeneity of the Latin American region, including Latin American immigrants who identify as indigenous in their countries of origin. Through a brief overview of how indigeneity, race, and ethnicity have been historically framed in Latin America, I discuss how Indigenous Immigrants from Latin American (IILA) position their indigeneity within their racial/ethnic identity in the United States. I consider how migration shapes indigenous identity and propose the use of Social Identity Theory (SIT) to explore how IILA negotiate a racial/ethnic identity while maintaining their indigeneity in a U.S. context.
Power and perceived influence: I caused your behavior, but I'm not responsible for it
Authors: Bohns Vanessa K. , Newark Daniel A. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThere are numerous examples of powerful people denying responsibility for others' (mis)conduct in which they played—and acknowledge playing—a causal role. The current article seeks to explain this conundrum by examining the difference between, and powerful people's beliefs about, causality and responsibility. Research has shown power to have numerous psychological consequences. Some of these consequences, such as overconfidence, are likely to increase an individual's belief that he or she caused another person's behavior. However, others, such as decreased perspective‐taking, are likely to decrease an individual's belief that he or she was responsible for another person's behavior. In combination, these psychological consequences of power may lead powerful people to believe that they instigated another's behavior while simultaneously believing that the other person could have chosen to do otherwise. The dissociation between these two attributions may help to explain why people in positions of power often deny responsibility for others' behavior—unethical or otherwise—that they undeniably caused.
Electronic patient identification for sample labeling reduces wrong blood in tube errors
Authors: Kaufman Richard M. , Dinh Anh , Cohn Claudia S. , Fung Mark K. , Gorlin Jed , Melanson Stacy , Murphy Michael F. , Ziman Alyssa , Elahie Allahna L. , Chasse Danielle , Degree Lynsi , Dunbar Nancy M. , Dzik Walter H. , Flanagan Peter , Gabert Kimberly , Ipe Tina S. , Jackson Bryon , Lane Debra , Raspollini Elisabetta , Ray Charles , Sharon Yudit , Ellis Martin , Selleng Kathleen , Staves Julie , Yu Philip , Zeller Michelle , Yazer Mark ,   on behalf of the BEST Collaborative
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUNDWrong blood in tube (WBIT) errors are a preventable cause of ABO‐mismatched RBC transfusions. Electronic patient identification systems (e.g., scanning a patient's wristband barcode before pretransfusion sample collection) are thought to reduce WBIT errors, but the effectiveness of these systems is unclear.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSPart 1: Using retrospective data, we compared pretransfusion sample WBIT rates at hospitals using manual patient identification (n = 16 sites; >1.6 million samples) with WBIT rates at hospitals using electronic patient identification for some or all sample collections (n = 4 sites; >0.5 million samples). Also, we compared WBIT rates after implementation of electronic patient identification with preimplementation WBIT rates. Causes and frequencies of WBIT errors were evaluated at each site. Part 2: Transfusion service laboratories (n = 18) prospectively typed mislabeled (rejected) samples (n = 2844) to determine WBIT rates among samples with minor labeling errors.RESULTSPart 1: The overall unadjusted WBIT rate at sites using manual patient identification was 1:10,110 versus 1:35,806 for sites using electronic identification (p < 0.0001). Correcting for repeat samples and silent WBIT errors yielded overall adjusted WBIT rates of 1:3046 for sites using manual identification and 1:14,606 for sites using electronic identification (p < 0.0001), with wide variation among individual sites. Part 2: The unadjusted WBIT rate among mislabeled (rejected) samples was 1:71 (adjusted WBIT rate, 1:28).CONCLUSIONIn this study, using electronic patient identification at the time of pretransfusion sample collection was associated with approximately fivefold fewer WBIT errors compared with using manual patient identification. WBIT rates were high among mislabeled (rejected) samples, confirming that rejecting samples with even minor labeling errors helps mitigate the risk of ABO‐incompatible transfusions.
ICF Generic Set as new standard for the system wide assessment of functioning in China: a multicentre prospective study on metric properties and responsiveness applying item response theory
Authors: Ehrmann Cristina , Prodinger Birgit , Stucki Gerold , Cai Wenzhi , Zhang Xia , Liu Shan , Liu Shouguo , Li Jianan , Reinhardt Jan D 
Published: December 2018

ObjectivesTo examine metric properties and responsiveness of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Generic Set when used in routine clinical practice to assess functioning.DesignProspective multicentre study.Setting50 hospitals from 20 provinces of Mainland China.Participants4510 adult inpatients admitted to the departments of Pulmonology, Cardiology, Neurology, Orthopaedics, Cerebral Surgery or Rehabilitation Medicine.Main outcome measuresThe ICF Generic Set (ICF Generic 6 Set) applied with an 11-point numeric rating scale (0-no problem to 10-complete problem) was fit to the Partial Credit Model (PCM) to create an interval score of functioning.ResultsPCM assumptions were found to be fulfilled after accounting for Differential Item Functioning. With an average improvement by 7.86 points of the metric ICF Generic 6 score (95% CI 7.53 to 8.19), the ICF Generic 6 Set proved sensitive to change (Cohen’s f2=0.41). Ceiling and floor effects on detecting change in functioning were cancelled or reduced by using the metric score.ConclusionThe ICF Generic 6 Set can be used for the assessment of functioning in routine clinical practice and an interval score can be derived which is sensitive to change.
Asymptotic formula for sum of moment mean deviation for order statistics from uniform distribution
Authors: Kapelko Rafał 
Published: December 2018

Assume that [Formula: see text] mobile sensors are thrown uniformly and independently at random with the uniform distribution on the unit interval. We study the expected sum over all sensors [Formula: see text] from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] where the contribution of the [Formula: see text] sensor is its displacement from the current location to the anchor equidistant point [Formula: see text] raised to the [Formula: see text] power, when [Formula: see text] is an odd natural number. As a consequence, we derive the following asymptotic identity. Fix [Formula: see text] positive integer. Let [Formula: see text] denote the [Formula: see text] order statistic from a random sample of size [Formula: see text] from the Uniform[Formula: see text] population. Then [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] is the Gamma function.