bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Internationalization as process of value distribution through innovation: polyhedral diagnosis of a “born global” firm
Authors: Calvo Nuria , Villarreal Oskar 
Published: October 2018

PurposeTechnology applied to learning is blurring the traditional outlines of the relations between publishing and technology industries, moving the internationalization strategy away from a gradual perspective toward accelerated internationalization. This paper aims to provide a conceptual model of polyhedral diagnosis of market entry strategy (PODMES model) for “born global” firms involved in e-learning industries.Design/methodology/approachThe use of the case study methodology allowed apply PODMES model to a “born global” firm of the e-learning industry.FindingsResults confirm that “born global” firms in the e-learning industry can adopt behaviors contrary to those expected in the literature. These behaviors imply new entry patterns by creating new strategic partner–supplier–client–competitor relations that extend the traditional analysis of the internal value chain to a process of value distribution through product and technology alliances.Originality/valueThis research provides two main contributions. First, an advance upon previous research into “born global” firms, through deep analysis of a case study that offers new findings regarding the phenomenon studied. It permits to align this research with previous analysis, following a strict case study methodology approach. Second, this study offers the application of a new methodology (PODMES model) that integrates the most relevant theories of internationalization (factorial dodecagon) within the five contingencies of entry market and the design of a strategic profile of internationalization.
Modeling anti-malware use intention of university students in a developing country using the theory of planned behavior
Authors: Vafaei-Zadeh Ali , Thurasamy Ramayah , Hanifah Haniruzila 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the impact of perceived price level and information security awareness on computer users’ attitude. Moreover, this study aims to investigate the effect of attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control (PBC) on intention to use anti-malware software.

Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected using a structured questionnaire from 225 students of five public universities in Malaysia. Purposive sampling technique was used in this study. AMOS 24 was used to test the research framework using a two-step approach.

Findings
Findings give support to some of the hypotheses developed with R2 values of 0.521 for attitude and 0.740 for intention. Perceived price level had a negative effect on attitude while information security awareness had a positive effect on attitude and intention. Attitude, subjective norms and PBC were all positively related to intention, but perceived price level did not affect intention. This suggests that benefits of using anti-malware are more than its price value. Therefore, the price has no direct effect on intention to use.

Research limitations/implications
University computer networks are as open and inviting as their campuses. Therefore, this research can be helpful to the universities to safeguard their networks and encourage the students to use anti-malware. However, using anti-malware software will enable an individual to identify and prioritize security risks, quickly detect and mitigate security breaches, improve the understanding of security gaps and safeguard the sensitive data by minimizing the risks related to malware.

Originality/value
This study ventured to model the information security behavior of anti-malware usage by individual users by using the theory of planned behavior with the addition of two new variables, perceived price level and information security awareness to explain the behavior better.
Behavioral biases and retirement assets allocation of corporate pension plans
Authors: Verma Rahul , Verma Priti 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the existence of behavioral biases, disposition effect and house money effect in investment decisions of defined benefit pension funds. It investigates the determinants of portfolios by examining whether pensions display risk seeking or risk aversion behavior in reaction to prior gains and losses.

Design/methodology/approach
The first research question is to examine the impact of prior period’s return and αs on existing portfolio allocation in equity, debt, real estate and other assets. In order to test this relationship, four separate regressions are estimated using the pooled data. Regression helps in examining the relationship between prior gains with current allocation in four categories of assets of varying degrees of riskiness (stocks, debt, real estate and other assets). In order to investigate the second research question on whether pension funds increase (decrease) their investments in risky (safer) assets due to prior gains and αs, the four variables representing the changes in portfolio allocation for each asset class over one period are employed. These changes in allocation are regressed against the prior year’s actual return, expected return, αs and a set of control variables.

Findings
The results suggest significant negative (positive) relationship between prior positive returns and αs with portfolio allocation in risky (safer) assets. Also, there is an increased (decreased) investment in safer (risky) assets following prior period’s positive returns and αs. The findings confirm the existence of disposition effect, while there is no evidence of house money effect.

Originality/value
The portfolio allocation of pension plans provides unique setting to investigate the relevance of behavioral finance and examine the role of psychological biases on risk taking. This study attempts to contribute to the literature by empirically investigating whether the tenets of behavioral finance are relevant in defined benefit pension fund’s portfolio allocation decisions. Specifically, it focuses on the determinants of portfolio choices by directly investigating pension funds’ reaction to prior period’s actual as well as risk adjusted return (or αs – the difference between the actual and expected return).
Antihypertensive Drug Deintensification and Recurrent Falls in Long‐Term Care
Authors: Song Wei , Intrator Orna , Lee Sei , Boockvar Kenneth 
Published: October 2018

ObjectiveTo examine the relationship between antihypertensive drug deintensification and recurrent falls in long‐term care.Data Sources/SettingsDepartment of Veterans Affairs (VA) inpatient, outpatient, and purchased care data, Minimum Data Set assessments from VA nursing homes (NHs), and Medicare claims from fiscal years 2010 – 2015.Study DesignWe identified NH residents with evidence of overaggressive antihypertensive treatment, defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) 80–120 and an index fall. Recurrent fall, hospitalization, and mortality within 30 days were compared between veterans whose antihypertensive medications were deintensified versus those whose antihypertensive medications were not using propensity score methods (PSM).Principal FindingsAmong 2,212 NH residents with possibly overaggressive antihypertensive treatment, 11 percent experienced antihypertensive drug deintensification. Lower blood pressure, >1 antihypertensive drug, no congestive heart failure, fracture from index fall, and older age were associated with higher likelihood of deintensification. Antihypertensive deintensification was associated with statistically significant (p‐value < .01) lower risk of recurrent fall among residents with SBP 80–100 (marginal effect = −11.4 percent; PSM = −13.6 percent) and higher risk of death among residents with SBP 101–120 (marginal effect = 2.1 percent, p‐value = .07; with PSM = 4.3 percent, p‐value = .04).ConclusionsResults provide some needed evidence and guidelines for deintensifying antihypertensive medication among frail older residents; since hypertension is prevalent among 54 percent of NH residents, the potential impact of new evidence is great.
Variation in Emergency Department Adherence to Treatment Guidelines for Inpatient Pneumonia and Sepsis: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Trent Stacy A. , Jarou Zachary J. , Havranek Edward P. , Ginde Adit A. , Haukoos Jason S. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectivesEvidence‐based clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for the treatment of pneumonia and sepsis have existed for many years with multiple studies suggesting improved patient outcomes. Despite their importance, little is known about variation in emergency department (ED) adherence to these CPGs. Our objectives were to estimate variation in ED adherence across CPGs for pneumonia and sepsis and identify patient, provider, and environmental factors associated with adherence.MethodsThis was a multicenter retrospective study using standard medical record review methods. The population consisted of consecutive adults hospitalized for pneumonia or sepsis (identified by discharge ICD‐9 codes) at five Colorado hospitals (two academic, three community) who were admitted to the hospital from the ED and for whom the ED diagnosed or initiated treatment. The outcome measured was ED adherence to the CPG (primary) and in‐hospital mortality (secondary). Hierarchical generalized linear models were used for analysis.ResultsAmong 827 patients, ED care was 57% adherence to CPGs with significant variation in adherence across CPGs (sepsis 50%, pneumonia 64%, p < 0.001). Patients were less likely to receive adherent care if they presented with chief complaints that were associated but not typical of the diagnosis (odds ratio [OR] = 0.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.4–0.8), received an ED diagnosis that was not specific to the CPG (associated diagnosis OR = 0.3 [95% CI = 0.2–0.5]; unrelated diagnosis OR = 0.4 [95% CI = 0.2–0.6]) or presented to a community hospital (OR = 0.6, 95% CI = 0.4–0.9). ED CPG nonadherence was associated with higher in‐hospital mortality (OR = 2.4, 95% CI = 1.2–4.8).ConclusionAdherence to ED infectious CPGs for pneumonia and sepsis varies significantly across diseases and types of institutions with significant room for improvement, especially in light of a significant association with in‐hospital mortality.
Cytochemical characterization of peripheral blood cell populations of two Cyprinidae,Carassius auratusandCtenopharyngodon idellus
Authors: Zhang Fumiao , Feng Ranran , Fang Wei , Shi Yanhui , An Liguo , Yang Guiwen 
Published: October 2018

AbstractFish are the most diverse species of all vertebrate groups, and their blood cells have shown variable characteristics in terms of morphology. Cytochemical staining for enzyme activity in blood leukocytes will help assess the immune function of fish. We characterize blood cells from crucian carp (Carassius auratus) and grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) by using a Diff‐Quick stain as well as different cytochemical methods. Blood specimens obtained from crucian carp and grass carp were evaluated after cytochemical staining for acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), naphtholASchloroacetate esterase (AS‐DNCE), naphthyl acetate esterase (NAE), α‐naphthyl butyrate esterase (NBE), peroxidase (MPO) and periodic acid–Schiff's reaction (PAS) using commercial kits. Blood cell types were evaluated based on their morphological characteristics and the presence or absence of specific chromogen. The expression pattern of enzymes was similar between the two Cyprinidae and was also broadly consistent with other fish species. However, there were some interesting differences detected between crucian carp and grass carp, including naphtholASchloroacetate esterase activity in monocytes, peroxidase activity and location in thrombocytes. TheACP,ALPandMPOexpressions of different leukocytes of the two Cyprinidae were evaluated by Image Pro Plus and were analysed for statistical significant differences. This investigation provides basic haematology and enzyme activity analyses for crucian carp and grass carp and serves as an approach to evaluating the immune response of fish.
A qualitative exploration of the role of leadership in service transformation in child and adolescent mental health services
Authors: Edbrooke‐Childs Julian , Calderon Ana , McDonnell Matthew , Hirvonen Hanna , Deighton Jessica , Wolpert Miranda 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundRecent policy in England has called on services for children and young people's mental health and well‐being to develop and deliver local transformation plans to increase the provision of evidence‐based, outcomes‐informed and service user‐informed treatments. The role of local leadership in service transformation is poorly understood, despite evidence suggesting it is key to enacting change.PurposeTo understand the role of local leaders and frontline practitioners in service transformation in child and adolescent mental health services.MethodologyThis study was a secondary analysis of semistructured interviews with n = 20 leaders and n = 29 frontline practitioners in child and adolescent mental health services taking part in a service transformation programme.ResultsLeaders’ role in service transformation in child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) was to: (a) foster impetus for transformation by demonstrating passion and commitment for change, (b) support practitioners in developing microsystem improvements and (c) bridging the organisation's goals with available resources.ConclusionsWhen developing transformation plans for child and adolescent mental health services, local leaders should be transparent about reasoning and processes, enable practitioners to tailor implementation to need and provide ongoing support. Practitioner engagement needs careful planning given its crucial role in enabling collaboration that will facilitate change.
Instant Stippling on 3D Scenes
Authors: Ma Lei , Guo Jianwei , Yan Dong‐Ming , Sun Hanqiu , Chen Yanyun 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn this paper, we present a novel real‐time approach to generate high‐quality stippling on 3D scenes. The proposed method is built on a precomputed 2D sample sequence called incremental Voronoi set with blue‐noise properties. A rejection sampling scheme is then applied to achieve tone reproduction, by thresholding the sample indices proportional to the inverse target tonal value to produce a suitable stipple density. Our approach is suitable for stippling large‐scale or even dynamic scenes because the thresholding of individual stipples is trivially parallelizable. In addition, the static nature of the underlying sequence benefits the frame‐to‐frame coherence of the stippling. Finally, we propose an extension that supports stipples of varying sizes and tonal values, leading to smoother spatial and temporal transitions. Experimental results reveal that the temporal coherence and real‐time performance of our approach are superior to those of previous approaches.
Eikenella corrodens lipopolysaccharide stimulates the pro‐atherosclerotic response in human coronary artery endothelial cells and monocyte adhesion
Authors: Viafara‐Garcia Sergio M. , Gualtero Diego F. , Avila‐Ceballos Daniel , Lafaurie Gloria I. 
Published: October 2018

Eikenella corrodens is a gram‐negative bacterium, and although primarily associated with periodontal infections or infective endocarditis, it has been identified in coronary atheromatous plaques. The effect of its lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) is unknown. Our aim was to examine the mechanism underlying the inflammatory response in HCAECs stimulated with E. corrodens‐LPS and to evaluate monocyte adhesion. Endothelial responses were determined by measuring the levels of chemokines and cytokines using flow cytometry. The surface expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM‐1) was determined using a cell‐based ELISA, and the adhesion of THP‐1 monocytes to HCAECs was also monitored. The involvement of toll‐like receptors (TLRs) 2 and 4 was examined using TLR‐neutralizing antibodies, and activation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 and nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB) p65 were measured by western blotting and ELISA, respectively. Eikenella corrodens‐LPS increased secretion of interleukin‐8 (IL‐8), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP‐1), and granulocyte–macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF), and expression of ICAM‐1 on the surface of HCAECs, consistent with the increased adhesion of THP‐1 cells. Moreover, E. corrodens‐LPS interacted with TLR4, a key receptor able to maintain the levels of IL‐8, MCP‐1, and GM‐CSF in HCAECs. Phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and activation of NF‐κB p65 were also increased. The results indicate that E. corrodens‐LPS activates HCAECs through TLR4, ERK, and NF‐κB p65, triggering a pro‐atherosclerotic endothelial response and enhancing monocyte adhesion.
Impact of crown fracture treatment on oral health‐related quality of life of children, adolescents, and their families: A prospective clinical study
Authors: Magno Marcela Baraúna , Jural Lucas Alves , Nogueira Ayla do Valle , Lenzi Michele Machado , Pithon Matheus Melo , Maia Lucianne Cople 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundEnamel‐dentin fracture causes impact on the oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) of children.AimTo evaluate the impact of treatment of crown fracture involving enamel and dentin (CFED) in the permanent dentition on the OHRQoL of children and adolescents (C/As) and their families.DesignThis prospective clinical study included C/As between 8 and 14 years who presented anterior CFED treated thought direct composite resin restoration. Their parents/caregivers (P/Cs) were also invited to take part of the study. The quality of life was evaluated thought the Child Perceptions Questionnaires (CPQ8‐10 and CPQ11‐14), Parental‐Caregiver Perceptions Questionnaire (P‐CPQ), and Familiar Impact Scale (FIS), applied before and 3 months after the restorative procedure. T test for dependent samples and Wilcoxon test were applied(P < 0.05).ResultsOf 32 C/As included, 30 completed the study. The treatment of CFED reduced the negative impact in OHRQoL of C/As (CPQ8‐10 P = 0.0065; CPQ11‐14 P = 0.0486; P‐CPQ, P = 0.0259), specially for “oral symptoms” (CPQ8‐10, P = 0.0003; P‐CPQ, P = 0.0455) and “emotional well‐being” (CPQ11‐14, P = 0.0431). Concerning the families’ perceptions, the treatment did not influence OHRQoL both in terms of the domains and total FIS score (P > 0.05).ConclusionRestorative treatment of CFED increases the OHRQoL of C/As but not influence the OHRQoL of their families.
Effects of a self‐management training for people with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Sandjojo Janice , Zedlitz Aglaia M. E. E. , Gebhardt Winifred A. , Hoekman Joop , den Haan Jeanet A. , Evers Andrea W. M. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundTo help people with intellectual disabilities lead a more independent life, it is important to promote their self‐management. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a self‐management training for people with intellectual disabilities directed at independent functioning in daily life.MethodIn the training, 17 people with intellectual disabilities worked on personal self‐management goals covering a wide range of everyday affairs. Primary outcome measures focused on goal attainment, independence and support needs. Moreover, outcomes regarding psychopathological behaviour and quality of life were explored. Data were collected before and at the start of the training, and 3, 6, 9 and 12 months later.ResultsThe training contributed to the attainment of self‐management goals and to the reduction in support needs (p < 0.01). There were no changes in independence, psychopathological behaviour and quality of life.ConclusionsResults indicate that the training supports people with intellectual disabilities to self‐manage their daily affairs.
Transformative agency and tensions in knowledge management—A qualitative interview study for nurse leaders
Authors: Lunden Anne , Teräs Marianne , Kvist Tarja , Häggman‐Laitila Arja 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAimTo describe Finnish nurse leaders’ perceptions of and experiences with knowledge management.BackgroundHealth science research has traditionally focused on knowledge transfer and research evidence instead of knowledge management, culture and organisational learning. Systematic reviews indicate a lack of awareness about nurse leaders’ activities in knowledge management.DesignQualitative interview study according to the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (see Supporting Information Table S1).MethodsData were collected at a Finnish public, social and healthcare organisation from 33 persons in 2015 and 2017 through 35 individual interviews and seven focus groups. Data were analysed by thematic analysis.ResultsNurse leaders’ daily knowledge management activities included assurance of smooth work functions and decisions about sudden changes. When managing knowledge promotion, nurse leaders focused on the near future and served information providers, coaches and developers of operating culture. Anticipatory management of knowledge requirements emphasised nurse leaders’ roles as assessors and visionaries. Tensions while managing knowledge were related to the following: changes in clients’ service needs, insufficient structures and tools to support the assessment and joint development of competence, time and information management, the operating culture, and nurse leader support. Participants reported only few attempts to solve tensions and therefore little to no transformative agency.ConclusionNurse leaders prioritised daily knowledge management over management of knowledge promotion and anticipatory management of knowledge requirements. Knowledge management in nursing is a complex task requiring a command of different kinds of agency and related leadership styles. The structures, processes and tools supporting knowledge management should be developed to ensure that activities are systematic.Relevance to clinical practiceA description of nurse leaders’ perceptions of and experiences with knowledge management could improve recognition of nurse leaders’ agencies for knowledge management, identification of related tensions and application of lessons learned from tensions. This description could also promote nurses’ professional competence and supplement nurse leaders’ training.