bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A “Learning from Action” workshop in Japan
Authors: Hinshelwood Robert Douglas , Mingarelli Luca , Masnata Simona 
Published: May 2019

PurposeMany people in severe mentally disturbed states do not use language or other symbolic media well or coherently. Therefore, the non-verbal medium needs to be understood by workers with such people. The “Learning from Action” experiential workshop was developed in order to provide an opportunity to learn about hidden messages in the relationships and roles occurring in activities. In August 2017, a workshop was run for the first time in Japan. The purpose of this paper is to report the experience and dynamics observed by the three consultants, who are here the authors of this paper.Design/methodology/approachAfter the workshop all the staff and members, including interpreters, were invited to give feedback.FindingsAnalysis of the feedback data showed certain important dynamics, concerning especially dependence, cultural defences and the defensive role of activity in a multicultural context.Research limitations/implicationsThis is an initial experience to be followed up by later feedback and further workshops.Practical implicationsWorkers awareness of non-verbal communication within the roles of work activities is a training possibility. It faces various resistances including the mental health assumptions of meaninglessness of any communication outside the verbal.Originality/valueThis is a method of training not widely used even in European countries, and is the first in a country in the far east.
Production of hybrid reinforcement by ball milling for development of aluminium matrix composites
Authors: Arora Gaurav , Sharma Satpal 
Published: May 2019

PurposeThis paper aims to produce hybrid reinforcement for the development of aluminium matrix composites using ball-billing technique to avoid or reduce the problem of agglomeration of the reinforcement during casting.Design/methodology/approachIn the present investigation, a mixture of silicon carbide (SiC) and rice husk ash (RHA) powder in equal weight percentage ratio 4:4 (1:1) was alloyed mechanically in a ball-mill at distinct milling times of 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 h. Morphological Characterization and density measurements of the ball-milled powder were carried out after different intervals of milling times.FindingsThe results revealed that the process of ball milling is a novel technique for the conversion of two or more powders in to an integer powder and reduces the problem of agglomeration also. The density measurement results revealed that an increasing trend of density initially and reduction of the density with the increase of milling time. The density value of the combined particles became comparable to the density of aluminium at the milling time of 75 h for the equal weight percentage ratio 4:4 (1:1) of SiC and RHA.Originality/valueThe manuscript highlights the research work related to the development of the reinforcement for the aluminium hybrid composites by ball milling process. The use of this process for the development of the reinforcement not only reduces the problem of the agglomeration but reduces the density mismatch of the reinforcement and matrix material also.
How Subordinate Financialization Shapes Urban Development: The Rise and Fall of Warsaw's Służewiec Business District
Authors: Büdenbender Mirjam , Aalbers Manuel B. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis article studies the development of Warsaw's Służewiec neighbourhood, Poland's largest business district, as a case of real estate financialization. We argue that the neighbourhood's chaotic ‘de‐contextualized’ growth was shaped by Poland's semi‐peripheral position in the global economy on the one hand—enabling a process of subordinate financialization—and legacies of state socialism on the other. In so doing, we mobilize research on peripheral financialization and global economic hierarchies, and studies of post‐socialism to enhance debates about real estate financialization. Commercial real estate—and office development in particular—is a crucial domain in which contemporary core–periphery structures are produced and negotiated. A key function of subordinate financialization is to absorb globally mobile capital—the product of financialization in the core. The case of Służewiec shows that only by considering the interplay of global hierarchies (Poland's position as capital absorbent), local dynamics (fragmented urban development, which was characterized by competition among these unequal municipalities, with local growth coalitions in some municipalities, but not in others) and specific historical legacies (Warsaw's socialist‐time functional organization and its transformation, which weakened the city) can we fully understand the specific dynamics that shape real estate financialization in different places.
Generating a Vertebrae‐based Method to Discriminate between Korean and U.S. White Male Casualties from the Korean War,
Authors: Jeong Yangseung , Jeong Gyorae , Pergande Simon , Lee Keunjae 
Published: May 2019

AbstractLow recovery rate of intact crania in conflict‐related contexts necessitates the use of postcranial elements for ancestry estimation. This study aimed to develop a new method to discriminate between Korean and U.S. White casualties from the Korean War using vertebrae. Maximum body heights of C2 through L5 were measured from 75 Korean and 51 U.S. males to generate discriminant functions. U.S. vertebral heights were statistically greater than Koreans in 18 out of 23 vertebrae (C2, C4‐6, T3‐6, and T8‐L5). The functions with lumbar vertebrae tended to yield higher correct classification ratios (CCR) than those with cervical or thoracic vertebrae. Inclusion of the femur and tibia lengths in the vertebrae‐involved functions enhanced the CCR's. Discriminant functions using the femur and tibia length were also presented. The results of this study are expected to complement the current practices of the Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency and the Ministry of National Defense Agency for KIA Recovery and Identification, which are primarily based on cranial and dental morphology.
A Review of Proposed Positive Dental Identifications from the World War II Era
Authors: Shiroma Calvin Y. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn 1949, the American Graves Registration Service Pacific Zone proposed the identification of 27 sets of remains (skulls/crania/mandibles) based on comparisons with written dental records. All were denied, and the remains were buried as unknowns. In 2003 and 2015, the remains were exhumed by the DPAA. Currently, 26 individuals previously recommended for identification have been positively identified. The DPAA Science Director's opinion corresponded with 24 of their recommendations, while DNA excluded three. Caution should be taken by the forensic scientist when building assemblages through skeletal and dental articulation. The forensic odontologist must always consider variations in restorative care/extraction patterns and the possibility of documentation errors when reviewing/interpreting historical and current day dental records used for AM/PM comparisons. The odontologist should base their opinion on the strength of the antemortem/postmortem comparison, number and type of concordances, and distinct dental care and extraction patterns.
Reservoir Porosity Measurement Uncertainty and its Influence on Shale Gas Resource Assessment
Authors: TIAN Hua , ZOU Caineng , LIU Shaobo , HONG Feng , FAN Junjia , GUI Lili , HAO Jiaqing 
Published: May 2019

AbstractReservoir porosity is a critical parameter for the process of unconventional oil and gas resources assessment. It is difficult to determine the porosity of a gas shale reservoir, and any large deviation will directly reduce the credibility of any shale gas resources evaluation. However, there is no quantitative explanation for the accuracy of porosity measurement. In this paper, measurement uncertainty, an internationally recognized index, was used to evaluate the results of porosity measurement of gas shale plugs, and its impact on the credibility of shale gas resources assessment was determined. The following conclusions are drawn: (1) the measurement uncertainty of porosity of a shale plug is 1.76%–3.12% using current measurement methods, the upper end of which is too large to be acceptable. It is suggested that the measurement uncertainty should be factored into the standard helium gas injection porosity determination experiment, and the uncertainty should be less than 2.00% when using a high‐precision pressure gauge; (2) in order to reduce the risk for exploration and decision‐making, attention should be paid to the large uncertainty (30% at least) of shale gas resource assessment results, sometimes with corrections being made based on the practical considerations;(3) a pressure gauge with an accuracy of 0.25% of the full scal cannot meet the requirements of porosity measurement, and a high‐precision plug cutting method or high‐precision bulk volume measurement method such as one using 3D scanning, is recommended to effectively reduce porosity uncertainty; (4) the method and process for evaluating the measurement uncertainty of gas shale porosity could also be referred for assessment of experimental quality by other laboratories.
Secondary Silicates as a Barrier to Carbon Capture and Storage in Deccan Basalt
Authors: KUMAR Amit , SHRIVASTAVA J.P. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractInvestigating the immobilization of CO2, previous basalt‐water‐CO2 interaction studies revealed the formation of carbonates over a short period, but with the extensive formation of secondary silicates (SS). The mechanisms involved in these processes remain unresolved, so the present study was undertaken to understand secondary mineral formation mechanisms. XRPD and Rietveld refinement data for neo‐formed minerals show a drastic decrease in the Ca‐O bond length, with the calcite structure degenerating after 80 h (hours). However, SEM images and EDS data revealed that a longer interaction time resulted in the formation of chlorite and smectite, adjacent to basalt grains which prevent basalt‐water‐CO2 interaction to form carbonates, thus restricting carbonate formation. As a result of this, the CO2 mineralization rate is initially high (till 80 h), but it later reduces drastically. It is evident that, for such temperature‐controlled transformations, low temperature is conducive to minimizing SS surface coating at the time of mineral carbonation.
Pore Structure and Permeability Characterization of High‐rank Coal Reservoirs: A Case of the Bide‐Santang Basin, Western Guizhou, South China
Authors: GUO Chen , QIN Yong , MA Dongmin , XIA Yucheng , BAO Yuan , CHEN Yue , LU Lingling 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe methods of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, mercury injection porosimetry (MIP), and gas‐water relative permeability (GWRP) were used to reveal the pore structure and permeability characteristics of high‐rank coal reservoirs in the Bide‐Santang basin, western Guizhou, South China, to provide guidance for coalbed methane (CBM) exploration and exploitation and obtain direct insights for the development of CBM wells. The results indicate that the coal reservoirs in the study area are characterized by well‐developed adsorption pores and poorly developed seepage pores. The bimodal NMR transverse relaxation time (T2) spectra and the mutation in the fractal characteristic of the MIP pore volume indicate poor connectivity between the adsorption pores and the seepage pores. As a result, the effective porosity is relatively low, with an average of 1.70%. The irreducible water saturation of the coal reservoir is relatively high, with an average of 66%, leading to a low gas relative permeability under irreducible water saturation. This is the main reason for the low recovery of high‐rank CBM reservoirs, and effective enhanced CBM recovery technology urgently is needed. As a nondestructive and less time‐consuming technique, the NMR is a promising method to quantitatively characterize the pores and fractures of coals.
Temperature stress interferes with male reproductive system development in clementine (Citrus clementina Hort. ex. Tan.)
Authors: Bennici Stefania , Distefano Gaetano , Las Casas Giuseppina , Di Guardo Mario , Lana Giuseppe , Pacini Ettore , La Malfa Stefano , Gentile Alessandra 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMale gametophyte development is a critical phase of the plant life cycle due to its high sensitivity to environmental stresses. The rise in the average global temperature, often accompanied by extreme fluctuations, has an important impact on biological processes. Among those, male gametophytes are particularly sensitive to temperature stress during flower bud development and anthesis. Male gametophyte development was extensively studied in several plant species, but little information is available about the effects of temperature stress on male gametophyte development in the genus Citrus. We evaluated the effects of cold and hot temperatures during microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis on one of the most economically valuable citrus species, the “Comune” clementine (Citrus clementina Hort. ex. Tan.). The effect of constant temperature on the androecium was evaluated by a time course histological analysis performed on the anthers and by monitoring in vitro pollen germination. The results revealed how suboptimal hot and cold temperatures induce drastic alterations on the morphology of the tapetal cells, microspores and mature pollen grains. Shifting from the optimal temperature affected the timing of starch depletion in the anther walls, such as epidermis, endothecium and middle layer, influencing the pollen germination rate and pollen tube growth. To the best of our knowledge this is the first study attempting to assess how temperature stress affects male reproductive development in citrus. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlining male sterility will provide novel insights to elucidate the physiology of this agronomical important quality trait.
Protein and transcript profiling analysis of the response of Yarrowia lipolytica Y‐2 in the degradation of ochratoxin A
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyun , Yang Hongjuan , Zheng Xiangfeng , Zhao Lina , Gu Xiangyu , Wang Kaili , Apaliya Maurice T. , Ahima Joseph , Zhang Hongyin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe occurrence of ochratoxin A (OTA) has been reported in cereals, feeds and food. Biological control of OTA has been considered as a promising strategy. Our previous study has shown that Yarrowia lipolytica Y‐2 could degrade OTA. In this study, proteome and transcriptome analysis were performed to investigate the possible mechanisms involved in OTA degradation by Y. lipolytica Y‐2 and the responses of this antagonistic yeast to OTA. The results showed that many proteins and genes involved in removal of reactive O2 species were up‐regulated in Y. lipolytica Y‐2 to respond to the oxidative stress caused by OTA. Also, some proteins and genes involved in the removal of generated toxicants under stress condition were up‐regulated to improve tolerance of this antagonistic yeast to OTA stress. Furthermore, some genes encoding transport proteins and multidrug resistance proteins were up‐regulated significantly to transport and expel OTA from cells and alleviate the toxicity to Y. lipolytica Y‐2. Notably, the gene ECM14 (encoding putative metallocarboxypeptidase ECM14) directly involved in OTA degradation was up‐regulated in Y. lipolytica Y‐2 treated with this mycotoxin. To defend against OTA stress, some genes related to tricarboxylic acid cycle were induced by OTA to generate abundant energy for Y. lipolytica Y‐2. Besides, the down‐regulation of some genes involved in DNA replication and repair decreased the ability of Y. lipolytica Y‐2 to repair DNA damage caused by OTA. These results may imply that OTA degradation by this antagonistic yeast was the synergetic effect of multifarious defence responses to OTA stress.
Risk factors for post‐operative pulmonary complications in lung cancer patients after video‐assisted thoracoscopic lung resection: Results of the German Thorax Registry
Authors: Kaufmann Kai B. , Loop Torsten , Heinrich Sebastian ,   the Working Group of the German Thorax Registry
Published: May 2019

ObjectivePost‐operative pulmonary complications (PPCs) represent the most frequent complications after lung surgery. The aim of this study was to identify the modifiable risk factors for PPCs after video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) in lung cancer patients.MethodsData of this retrospective study were extracted from the German Thorax Registry, an interdisciplinary and multicenter database of the German Society of Anesthesiology and Intensive care medicine and the German Society of Thoracic Surgery. Univariate and multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis of patient‐specific and procedural risk factors for PPCs were conducted.ResultsWe analyzed 376 patients with lung cancer who underwent VATS bilobectomy (n = 2), lobectomy (n = 258) or segmentectomy (n = 116) in 2016 and 2017. One‐hundred fourteen patients (114/376; 30%) developed PPCs. Two patients died within 30 days after surgery. In the univariate analysis, patients of the PPC group showed significantly more often a body mass index (BMI) ≤ 19 kg/m2; a pre‐operative forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) ≤ 60%; a pre‐operative arterial oxygen partial pressure (paO2) ≤ 60 mm Hg; a higher rate of prolonged duration of surgery (≥2 hours [h]) and a higher frequency of intraoperative blood loss ≥500 mL. The multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis revealed 4 independent risk factors: FEV1 ≤ 60% (1.9[1.1‐3.4] OR [95% CI], P = 0.029); paO2 ≤ 60 mm Hg (4.6[1.7‐12.8] OR [95% CI], P = 0.003; duration of surgery ≥2 hours (2.7[1.5‐4.7] OR [95% CI], P = 0.001) and intraoperative crystalloids ≥6 mL/kg/h (2.9[1.2‐7.5] OR [95% CI], P = 0.023).ConclusionIntraoperative amount of crystalloid fluids should be kept below 6 mL/kg/h and duration of surgery should be below 2 hours to avoid an increased risk for PPCs.
Prevention and caries risk management in teenage and orthodontic patients
Authors: Walsh LJ , Healey DL 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAs patients progress from childhood through to teenage years, they progress through periods of high caries risk as they undergo changes in lifestyle and oral microflora. Removable or fixed orthodontic treatment also alters the oral microflora and can dramatically increase caries risk. This paper outlines ways to identify the transition to higher caries risk, and practical ways to lower the risk of hard tissue loss from dental caries during orthodontic treatment across the teenage years, including tooth surface protection, optimised use of mechanical and chemical plaque control, and appropriate delivery of remineralising agents over time.
Herodontics – is there a place for maintaining the apparently hopeless tooth?
Authors: Meyers IA 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe population is ageing and people are keeping their own teeth for much longer due in part to the efforts of the dental profession in restoring teeth and reducing the number of teeth being extracted. Along with this there is now an increasing expectation by patients that they will retain their own teeth as they age and that dental practitioners will have the knowledge and skills to help them retain their own teeth. Contemporary restorative materials and techniques have increased the range of options available to assist with maintaining the dentition, and many of these procedures enable minimally invasive and cost effective management of the teeth as an alternative to complex and expensive procedures. This paper discusses the restoration of compromised and failing teeth in the ageing patient, and looks at the various issues facing the ageing dentate patient and the dilemma of when to restore or when to extract. Ultimately it is hoped that maintaining healthy teeth for life may not only improve oral function and quality of life, but may in fact reduce the impact of the physical and psychological aspects of ageing.
Escitalopram population pharmacokinetics in people living with human immunodeficiency virus and in the psychiatric population: Drug–drug interactions and probability of target attainment
Authors: Courlet Perrine , Guidi Monia , Glatard Anaïs , Alves Saldanha Susana , Cavassini Matthias , Buclin Thierry , Marzolini Catia , Eap Chin B. , Decosterd Laurent A. , Csajka Chantal ,   the Swiss HIV Cohort Study
Published: May 2019

AimsThe aims of this study were to characterize escitalopram pharmacokinetic profile, to identify factors influencing drug exposure, notably drug–drug interactions with antiretrovirals, and to simulate expected exposure under standard dosage regimen.MethodsA population pharmacokinetic analysis was performed using NONMEM. A total of 159 plasma concentration measurements were obtained from 39 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected and 71 uninfected psychiatric patients. The influence of age, weight, sex, HIV and psychiatric cohorts, racemic citalopram treatment, and comedications on oral clearance was examined. Simulations served to calculate the percentage of patients expected to be under‐ or over‐exposed, considering established therapeutic targets (15–80 ng/mL).ResultsA 1‐compartment model with first‐order absorption and elimination described the data adequately. The average escitalopram clearance and volume of distribution were 23.1 L/h (interindividual variability 51%), and 920 L, respectively. Escitalopram disposition did not differ between HIV‐infected and uninfected patients, and was not affected by antiretroviral treatments. Coadministration of at least 1 proton‐pump inhibitor (CYP2C19 inhibitor) modestly influenced escitalopram elimination (clearance decreased by 19%), with limited clinical relevance. Model‐based simulations showed that, under a standard regimen of 10 mg once daily, a significant proportion of patients (56%) might be under‐exposed.ConclusionThe variability in escitalopram disposition is large and poorly explained by demographic, clinical and environmental covariates, thus suggesting a role for dosage individualization based on therapeutic drug monitoring in case of poor clinical response. Escitalopram disposition is modestly impacted by comedications and therefore no a priori dosage adjustments are needed in patients receiving antiretroviral treatments, including boosted regimens.
Population pharmacokinetics of treosulfan in paediatric patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: van der Stoep M. Y. E. C. , Zwaveling J. , Bertaina A. , Locatelli F. , Guchelaar H. J. , Lankester A. C. , Moes D. J. A. R. 
Published: May 2019

AimsTreosulfan is an alkylating agent increasingly used prior to haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The aim of this study was to develop a population pharmacokinetic (PK) model of treosulfan in paediatric haematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients and to explore the effect of potential covariates on treosulfan PK. Also, a limited sampling model (LSM) will be developed to accurately predict treosulfan exposure suitable for a therapeutic drug monitoring setting.MethodsIn this multicentre study, 91 patients, receiving a total dose of 30, 36 or 42 g/m2 treosulfan, administered over 3 consecutive days, were enrolled. A population PK model was developed and demographic factors, as well as laboratory parameters, were included as potential covariates. In addition, a LSM was developed using data from 28 patients.ResultsA 2‐compartment model with first order elimination best described the data. Bodyweight with allometric scaling and maturation function were identified as significant predictors of treosulfan clearance. Treosulfan clearance reaches 90% of adult values at 4 postnatal years. A model‐based dosing table is presented to target an exposure of 1650 mg*h/L (population median) for different weight and age groups. Samples taken at 1.5, 4 and 7 hours after start of infusion resulted in the best limited sampling strategy.ConclusionsThis study provides a treosulfan population PK model in children and captures the developmental changes in clearance. A 3‐point LSM allows for accurate and precise estimation of treosulfan exposure.