bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perception of Benefits and Risks of Neurocognitive Disorders Diagnosis: A French National Survey
Authors: Garnier-Crussard Antoine , Vernaudon Julien , Auguste Nicolas , Moutet Claire , Dauphinot Virginie , Krolak-Salmon Pierre 
Published: January 2019

Background: Neurocognitive disorders (NCD) are underdiagnosed in primary care, mainly because of the misunderstanding of benefits associated with timely diagnosis. Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the benefits and risks of diagnosis in a population of general practitioners (GPs), specialized physicians (SPs), other healthcare professionals (HPs), and informal caregivers (ICs). Methods: A questionnaire was submitted to GPs, SPs, HPs. and ICs. It aimed at evaluating benefits and risks related to NCD diagnosis associated with four prototypical clinical cases at different stages: isolated cognitive complaint/mild NCD, major NCD at mild/moderate stage, moderate stage with behavioral and psychotic symptoms, and severe stage. The concepts of early, timely, and personalized diagnosis were evaluated. Results: A total of 719 completed surveys were collected from 183 GPs, 176 SPs, 281 HPs, and 79 ICs. More than 90% of the participants considered initiating a diagnosis as relevant except at the severe stage. Benefits were superior to risks for all groups and all four cases alike ( p < 0.001). Benefits were lower according to GPs and higher for SPs than the other groups at the first two stages ( p < 0.001). At the moderate stage, there were few differences between groups. At the severe stage, GPs and SPs claimed it was less relevant to carry out a diagnosis than the other groups ( p < 0.001). Risks were higher for ICs and lower for SPs ( p < 0.001). The best diagnosis concept was the personalized diagnosis. Conclusion: Benefits appeared more relevant than risks with differences according to the stage of the disease and type of respondents.
Neuroimaging Characteristics of Frailty Status in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Hirose Daisuke , Shimizu Soichiro , Hirao Kentaro , Ogawa Yusuke , Sato Tomohiko , Kaneko Yoshitsugu , Takenoshita Naoto , Namioka Nayuta , Fukasawa Raita , Umahara Takahiko , Sakurai Hirofumi , Watanabe Ryo , Hanyu Haruo 
Published: January 2019

Background/Objective: Although frailty is closely linked to dementia, particularly Alzheimer’s disease (AD), underlying pathophysiology of frailty associated with AD remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate differences in structural and functional brain imaging abnormalities between AD with and without frailty. Methods: A total of 191 outpatients with probable AD (men: 91; women: 100; age: 80.7±6.3 years) who underwent both magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) were enrolled in this study. Frailty was determined in accordance with the Obu study Health Promotion for the Elderly. We compared numbers of small infarctions in the subcortical gray and white matter and severity of white matter abnormalities (periventricular hyperintensity [PVH] and deep white matter hyperintensity [DWMH]) on MRI, and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) changes on SPECT between AD with and without frailty. Results: The prevalence of frailty was 43.4% in patients with AD. PVH and DWMH scores were significantly higher in AD with frailty compared to those without frailty. AD with frailty had a trend of decreased rCBF in the bilateral anterior cingulate gyrus, whereas those without frailty tend to have decreased rCBF in the left dominant parietal lobe and precuneus. Conclusion: Our MRI and SPECT imaging studies suggest different underlying pathophysiology in the brain between AD with frailty and without frailty.
Immediate Intervention Effects of Standardized Multicomponent Group Interventions on People with Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review
Authors: Özbe Dominik , Graessel Elmar , Donath Carolin , Pendergrass Anna 
Published: January 2019

Background: There is no curative medical treatment for dementia. Therefore, researchers turned their attention to non-pharmacological treatment approaches. Many reviews analyzed the efficacy of single-component interventions, but there has been no systematic review of multicomponent interventions so far. Objective: The aim was to systematically review studies using standardized multicomponent group interventions for persons with dementia or persons with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and to analyze their immediate intervention effects. Methods: The databases PubMed, PsycINFO, PSYNDEX, and CINAHL were systematically searched. We included randomized controlled trials with people with MCI or dementia, which implemented interventions with at least two components that targeted different outcome domains. Additionally, the intervention had to be standardized and in a group setting. Results: Nine studies met the inclusion criteria with a total sample size of N = 513 participants. Six studies applied two, two studies applied three, and one study applied four components. Four studies, which combined at least a physical and a cognitive component, had a positive effect on non-cognitive symptoms of dementia. Two of these interventions additionally had a positive effect on cognitive abilities. One study reported a positive effect on activities of daily living and another study showed an effect on quality of life. Conclusion: In spite of the heterogeneity of the studies, multicomponent interventions suggest a positive effect on non-cognitive symptoms, especially the combination of cognitive and physical components. Single studies had also an effect on additional outcome domains. By trend the effects are dependent on application rate and used assessments.
Book Reviews
Authors: Letters Migration 
Published: January 2019

Moix, Yann (2018). Dehors [Outside]. Paris: Grasset & Fasquelle (268 pp, ISBN: 978-2246863533).Reviewed by Hélène Syed Zwick, Department of Economics, Faculty of BAEPS, The British University in Egypt (BUE), Egypt. Kartal, B., and Manço, U. (Eds.) (2018). Beklenmeyen Misafirler: Suriyeli Sığınmacılar Penceresinden Türkiye Toplumunun Geleceği. London, UK: Transnational Press London (336 pp, ISBN 978-1-910781-74-6).Reviewed byİnci Aksu Kargın, Political and Social Sciences – Public Administration, Uşak University, Turkey. Deniz E. Utku, K. Onur Unutulmaz, Ibrahim Sirkeci (eds.) (2017). Turkey's Syrians: Today and Tomorrow. London, UK: Transnational Press London (254 pp., ISBN 978-1-910781-74-6).Reviewed byİnci Aksu Kargın, Political and Social Sciences – Public Administration, Uşak University, Turkey. I. Sirkeci, E.L. de Freitas Castro, and Ü.S. Sözen (2018). Migration Policy in Crisis. London: Transnational Press. (166 pp, ISBN 978-1-910781-85-2).Reviewed byMehari Fisseha, Regent’s University London, United Kingdom.
Diversity of seed borne fungi associated with fourteen varieties of storage cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seeds
Authors: Khatun A , Shamsi S , Bashar MA 
Published: January 2019

Present paper deals with the occurrence and diversity of fungi on storage cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seeds. 24 species of the fungi were found associated with the seeds of 14 varieties of cotton after 10 months of storage. The isolated fungi were Aspergillus flavus Link, A. fumigatus Fresenius, A. niger (Type 1 and Type 2) Van Tiegh, A. ochraceus K. Wilhelm, A. nidulans Eidam, Aspergillus sp.1, Aspergillus sp.2, Aspergillus sp.3, Curvularia lunata (Wakker) Boedijn, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz & Sacc, C. gossypii Southw., Chaetomium globosum Kunze., Fusarium nivale (Fr.) Sorauer, F. moniliforme J. Shelden, F. oxysporum Schlechtendal, F. fujikuroi Nirenberg, Mucor sp. P. Micheli ex L., Penicillium sp.1 and sp.2 Link, Rhizoctonia solani Khun., Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb.) Vuill., Rhizomucor Lucet & Costantin, Syncephalastrum racemosum Cohn and Trichoderma viride Pers. The association of fungi with cotton seeds was recorded within two months of harvest, after 6 and 10 months of storage. The association of fungi varied with duration of storage periods. Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, Chaetomium globosum, Penicillium sp.1 and Rhizopus stolonifer were found in all the examined varieties. These were the most predominant fungi in terms of prevalence with the increase of storage periods. The fungal association with the seeds of cotton also affected the germination, seedling mortality, height and vigor. The total association of fungi in cotton seeds was the highest in cotton variety CB10 (204) and the lowest in CB8 (71). On the other hand, the total fungal association of Rhizopus stolonifer was the highest (337) and Colletotrichum gossypii was the lowest (1).
J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2018, 4(2): 43-52
Macro benthic fauna in relation to limnological variables in a migratory bird visiting lake at Jahangirnagar University, Bangladesh
Authors: Sharmin S , Rahman SH , Naser MN , Hoque S 
Published: January 2019

The abundance of macro benthic organisms was observed from a migratory bird visiting lake in Jahangirnagar University, Savar for a period from July 2016 to June 2017. A total of 22 species belonging to three phyla (viz. Mollusca, Annelida and Arthropoda) and 14 families was recorded with maximum abundance in summer season and minimum in winter season. Molluscan population (37%) was dominant in benthos, followed by Annelida (31%) and Arthropoda (28%). Average values of water temperature, dissolved oxygen and water pH were within standard permissible ranges in the aquatic habitats of the country. Water and soil parameters were in suitable ranges for the growth and abundance of benthos. Correlation indicated that Mollusca and Annelida were closely dependent on water temperature, water pH, water depth, soil organic carbon and soil organic matters, whereas Arthropoda had less dependency on them. In the present study lower Shanon-Wiener diversity index (2.55-2.92) and low species richness (18-24) clearly demonstrated that the lake is moderately polluted.
J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2018, 4(2): 99-106
Identifikasi Isolat Antikanker Spons Hyrtios Erecta
Authors: SWANTARA I MADE DIRA , RITA WIWIK SUSANAH , HERNINDYA ANISA 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTIsolation, anticancer activity test, and identification of the toxic isolate from ethanol extract of the sponge Hyrtios erecta taken from Pari Island beach (Jakarta) has conducted. Extraction of the sponges was carried out by 70% ethanol at room temperature. Partition and purification of the compounds were done by column chromatography with the stationary phase of silica gel and the mobile phase of n-hexane-chloroform (2:8). Toxicity screening test was done based on BhrineShrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). In vitro anticancer activity test of the isolate was carried out using HeLa cell line. Identification of the compounds was performed by Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Based on theresults, it was found that the toxic isolate of H. erecta sponges has anticancer activity with IC50 of 30,497 ppm. Four compounds was detected from the anticancer isolate i.e: 4-nonylphenol; dibutyl phthalate; hexanedioic acid bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester; and cholesterol. ABSTRAKTelah dilakukan isolasi, uji aktivitas antikanker, dan identifikasi isolat toksik yang berasal dari ekstrak etanol spons Hyrtios erecta yang diambil dari perairan Pulau Pari (Jakarta). Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan cara maserasi menggunakan etanol 70% pada temperatur kamar. Pemisahan dan pemurnian komponen menggunakan kromatografi kolom dengan fase diam silikagel dan fase gerak n-heksana-kloroform (2:8). Skrining toksisitas dilakukan dengan metode Bhrine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). Uji antikanker secara in vitro isolat toksik tersebut menggunakan sel HeLa. Senyawanya diidentifikasi menggunakan Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini diperoleh bahwa isolat toksik spons H. erecta bersifat antikanker dengan IC50 sebesar 30,497 ppm. Pada isolat antikankertersebut terdeteksi empat senyawa, yaitu 4-nonylphenol; dibutil phtalat; ester heksadioat bis(2-etilheksil); dan kolesterol.
Penerapan Augmented Reality Pada Informasi Data Peta Kawasan Hutan Lindung Menggunakan Metode Marker
Authors: Dimas Dimas , Nurjayadi Nurjayadi , Haryono Dwi 
Published: January 2019

AbstrakÂ Kemudahan dalam mengakses layanan informasi menjadi salah satu pilihan bagi setiap pengguna perangkat komunikasi. Smartphone merupakan salah satu perangkat komunikasi yang menghadirkan kemudahan, sehingga banyak alternatif pilihan pengguna. Pengguna smartphone yang berbasis Android saat ini meningkat pesat, hal tersebut terjadi bagi para pengembang aplikasi berlomba-lomba membuat aplikasi berbasis android, salah satu dari aplikasi yang masuk akal adalah informasi data peta. Penelitian ini lebih menitik beratkan pada data informasi peta kawasan. Peta kawasan yang dipilih dengan pertimbangan dari segi gambar (bentuk kawasan) karena setiap kawasan yang berada dalam pengawasan Bidang Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam Wilayah I Rengat memiliki satu hal yang lain dan yang belum pernah melihat informasi yang mudah dan lengkap tentang kawasan tersebut. Arsitektur aplikasi akan dirancang berbasis Augmented Reality (AR). Augmented reality adalah teknologi yang menggabungkan objek gambar dengan 3D. Hasil dalam penelitian ini adalah sebuah aplikasi android yang dapat digunakan untuk memberikan informasi detail dan gambar kawasan secara 3D.Kata Kunci: Android, Augmented Reality, 3d, peta, teknologi
Atypical Presentations of Retinoblastoma
Authors: Balasubramanya Ramamurthy , Pushker Neelam , Bajaj Mandeep S , Ghose Supriyo , Kashyap Seema , Rani Alka 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
Purpose: To study the atypical presentations of retinoblastoma in our institution.
Method: Retrospective, clinical study.
Results: A total of 392 cases of retinoblastoma were reviewed; 72.2% of the patients had !eukocoria, 13% had proptosis, 10% had strabismus, 1.5% were asymptomatic (detected on screening), and 3.3% had atypical presentations. Fourteen different atypical findings were observed including endophthalmitis (0.76%), secondary glaucoma (0.76%), uveitis (0.5%), corneal edema (0.5%), phthisis bulbi (0.5%), orbital cellulitis (0.5%), cataract (0.25%), pseudohypopyon (0.25%), iris nodules (0.25%), hyphema (0.25%), iris neovascularization (0.25%), microphthalmos (0.25%), exposure keratopathy (0.25%), and corneal blood staining (0.25%). All of the patients had Reese-Ellsworth grade V disease. On histopathology, invasion of neighboring structures was seen in 10 patients. All patients underwent enucleation with adjuvant radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or both.
Conclusions: Retinoblastoma can mimic any orbital or ocular pathology. Atypical presentations of retinoblastomas are usually associated with advanced disease. The possibility of ocular tumor should be entertained whenever there is an unusual presentation that is unresponsive to the usual therapy. Uftrasonography and computed tomography should be performed in all such patients, especially if the posterior segment is not visible.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2004;41 :1 8-24.
Screening for Retinopathy of Prematurity: Results of a Retrospective 3-Year Study of 502 Infants
Authors: Conrath John G , Hadjadj Eve J , Forzano Olivier , Denis Daniele , Millet Veronique , Lacroze Valerie , Ridings Bernard 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
Purpose: To describe the surveillance, results of screening, and treatment of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in a university hospital setting in southeast France.
Patients and Methods: Five hundred two premature infants were included in the screening protocol between January 1997 and December 1999. Criteria for inclusion in the study were a gestational age of 32 weeks or younger, a birth weight of less than 1,501 g, or both. The first fundus examination was performed between 4 and 6 weeks of life. Thereafter, fundus examination was performed in the absence of ROP every 2 weeks until complete retinal vasculature developed, gestational age of 50 weeks, or death. Examination was weekly in cases of retinopathy, biweekly if progression was ascertained, and less frequent only if regression was evident. Hospital records were reviewed to assess the presence or absence and eventual degree of ROP.
Results: Stage 1 was observed in 32 infants, and stage 2 in 11 infants; all of these cases regressed. Three cases of bilateral stage 3 (two threshold and one prethreshold) disease underwent diode laser peripheral retinal ablation and regressed. One infant with bilateral stage 3 disease who underwent peripheral cryoablative surgery progressed to stage 4A in one eye and 4B in the other eye and then underwent scierai buckling surgery in the second eye.
Conclusions: Despite survival increasing with improved neonatal intensive care, the incidence of ROP does not appear to be increasing. In our center, the incidence appears to be lower than previously reported.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2004;41:31-34.
Comparison of Ondansetron With Ondansetron Plus Dexamethasone for Antiemetic Prophylaxis in Children Undergoing Strabismus Surgery
Authors: Bhardwaj Neerja , Bala Indu , Kaur Charanjit , Chari Pramila 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
Background: Children undergoing strabismus surgery have a high incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Ondansetron plus dexamethasone is effective in reducing its incidence in many surgical procedures.
Purpose: To examine the efficacy of Ondansetron plus dexamethasone in children undergoing strabismus surgery.
Patients and Methods: A randomized, placebocontrolled, double blind study of 100 children 2 to 12 years old, in American Society of Anesthesiologists classes I and II, and undergoing strabismus surgery with the use of general anesthesia was conducted. Children received normal saline (n = 31), an injection of 0.15 mg/kg of ondansetron (n = 39), or an injection of 0.15 mg/kg of ondansetron and 0.2 mg/kg of dexamethasone (n = 30). Postoperatively, children were monitored for the number of emetic episodes, Steward recovery score, and need for a rescue antiemetic.
Results: The incidence of vomiting was 64.5% in the group receiving saline, 33.3% in the group receiving ondansetron, and 10% in the group receiving ondansetron plus dexamethasone (P < .001). The incidence of early vomiting (0 to 4 hours) and the need for a rescue antiemetic were significantly lower in the groups receiving ondansetron (P < .01) and ondansetron plus dexamethasone (P < .001) compared with the group receiving saline; however, the former two groups were comparable in this regard. In the late postoperative period (4 to 24 hours), the incidence of vomiting and the need for a rescue antiemetic were not significantly different among the groups. Vomiting was significantly more severe in the group receiving saline compared with the groups receiving ondansetron and ondansetron plus dexamethasone at all times (P < .01 and P < .001, respectively). However, the latter two groups were comparable in this regard.
Conclusion: Ondansetron and ondansetron plus dexamethasone were equally effective in preventing early nausea and vomiting in children following strabismus surgery. However, the efficacy of dexamethasone in late postoperative nausea and vomiting could not be demonstrated. Further studies with a large population and different doses of dexamethasone may be warranted.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2004;41:100-104.
HIV, Cytomegalovirus, and Malaria Infections during Pregnancy Lead to Inflammation and Shifts in Memory B Cell Subsets in Kenyan Neonates
Authors: Yeo Kee Thai , Embury Paula , Anderson Timothy , Mungai Peter , Malhotra Indu , King Christopher , Kazura James , Dent Arlene 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Infections during pregnancy can expose the fetus to microbial Ags, leading to inflammation that affects B cell development. Prenatal fetal immune priming may have an important role in infant acquisition of pathogen-specific immunity. We examined plasma proinflammatory biomarkers, the proportions of various B cell subsets, and fetal priming to tetanus vaccination in cord blood from human United States and Kenyan neonates. United States neonates had no identified prenatal infectious exposures, whereas Kenyan neonates examined had congenital CMV or mothers with prenatal HIV or Plasmodium falciparum or no identified infectious exposures. Kenyan neonates had higher levels of IP-10, TNF-α, CRP, sCD14, and BAFF than United States neonates. Among the Kenyan groups, neonates with prenatal infections/infectious exposures had higher levels of cord blood IFN-γ, IL-7, sTNFR1, and sTNFR2 compared with neonates with no infectious exposures. Kenyan neonates had greater proportions of activated memory B cells (MBC) compared with United States neonates. Among the Kenyan groups, HIV-exposed neonates had greater proportions of atypical MBC compared with the other groups. Although HIV-exposed neonates had altered MBC subset distributions, detection of tetanus-specific MBC from cord blood, indicative of fetal priming with tetanus vaccine given to pregnant women, was comparable in HIV-exposed and non–HIV-exposed neonates. These results indicate that the presence of infections during pregnancy induces fetal immune activation with inflammation and increased activated MBC frequencies in neonates. The immunologic significance and long-term health consequences of these differences warrant further investigation.
MYMD-1, a Novel Immunometabolic Regulator, Ameliorates Autoimmune Thyroiditis via Suppression of Th1 Responses and TNF-α Release
Authors: Di Dalmazi Giulia , Chalan Paulina , Caturegli Patrizio 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMYMD-1 is a synthetic derivative of tobacco alkaloids, compounds that possess immunoregulatory properties and have been linked to the epidemiological observation that smoking reduces the odds of developing thyroid Abs and hypothyroidism. To assess the effect and mechanism(s) of the action of MYMD-1, we chose the NOD.H-2h4 mouse model of spontaneous thyroiditis. We began in vitro using T cells isolated from NOD.H-2h4 spleens and found that MYMD-1 suppressed TNF-α production by CD4+ T cells in a dose-dependent manner. We then treated 58 NOD.H-2h4 mice for 12 wk with either unsupplemented water that contained (10 mice) or did not contain (16 mice) MYMD-1 (185 mg/l) or water supplemented with sodium iodide (500 mg/l) that contained (16 mice) or did not contain (16 mice) MYMD-1. Mice were bled at baseline and then every 2 wk until sacrifice. MYMD-1 decreased the incidence and severity (p &lt; 0.001) of thyroiditis, as assessed by histopathology. Similarly, the number of CD3+ T cells and CD19+ B cells infiltrating the thyroid was dampened by MYMD-1, as assessed by flow cytometry. Interestingly, the subset of thyroidal CD3+CD4+Tbet+RORγT− effector Th1 cells and the systemic levels of TNF-α were decreased by MYMD-1. Serum thyroglobulin Abs decreased in the MYMD-1 group. Thyroid hormones did not differ among the four groups, whereas thyroid-stimulating hormone increased upon iodine supplementation but remained normal in MYMD-1–treated mice. Overall, the study suggests that MYMD-1 ameliorates thyroiditis acting on specific lymphoid subsets. Further studies, including other models of autoimmunity, will confirm the potential clinical use of MYMD-1 as a novel immunometabolic regulator.