bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimation of daily intake of polychlorinated biphenyls not similar to dioxins (NDL-PCB) from fish consumption in Spain in different population groups
Authors: Morales-Suárez-Varela Maria , Lopez Santana Nuria , Marti Requena Pedro , Beser Santos Mª Isabel , Peraita-Costa Isabel , Llopis-Gonzalez Agustin 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the daily intake of polychlorinated biphenyls not similar to dioxins (NDL-PCB) derived from fish consumption in Spain and compare it with tolerance limits in order to establish a safe threshold so that the nutritional benefits derived from fish consumption may be optimized.DesignAnalysis of NDL-PCB in fish samples and ecological study of the estimated intake of NDL-PCB from fish consumption in different Spanish population groups.SubjectsNational representative sample of the Spanish population.ResultsThe intake of NDL-PCB was estimated in two different scenarios: upper bound (UB) and lower bound (LB). Estimating intake using the average concentration of NDL-PCB found in the fish samples, the intake for ‘other children’ is estimated as: 1·80 (UB) and 5·33 (LB) ng/kg per d at the 50th percentile (P50); 7·39 (UB) and 21·94 (LB) ng/kg per d at the 95th percentile (P95) of fish consumption. Estimated NDL-PCB intake shoots up in the toddler group, reaching values of 30·43 (UB) and 90·37 (LB) ng/kg per d at P95. Estimated intake values are lower than those previously estimated in Europe, something expected since in previous studies intake was estimated through total diet. In adults, our estimated values are 1·59 (UB) and 4·72 (LB) ng/kg per d at P50; 4·95 (UB) and 14·72 (LB) ng/kg per d at P95.ConclusionsNDL-PCB concentration in fish is under the tolerance limits in most samples. However, daily intake in consumers of large quantities of fish should be monitored and special attention should be given to the youngest age groups due to their special vulnerability and higher exposure.
Ipatasertib, a novel Akt inhibitor, induces transcription factor FoxO3a and NF-κB directly regulates PUMA-dependent apoptosis
Authors: Sun Li , Huang Yuan , Liu Yeying , Zhao Yujie , He Xiaoxiao , Zhang Lingling , Wang Feng , Zhang Yingjie 
Published: September 2018

AbstractColon cancer is one of the three common malignant tumors, with a lower survival rate. Ipatasertib, a novel highly selective ATP-competitive pan-Akt inhibitor, shows a strong antitumor effect in a variety of carcinoma, including colon cancer. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the precise underlying mechanism of clinical therapy for colon cancer. We conducted this study to determine that ipatasertib prevented colon cancer growth through PUMA-dependent apoptosis. Ipatasertib led to p53-independent PUMA activation by inhibiting Akt, thereby activating both FoxO3a and NF-κB synchronously that will directly bind to PUMA promoter, up-regulating PUMA transcription and Bax-mediated intrinsic mitochondrial apoptosis. Remarkably, Akt/FoxO3a/PUMA is the major pathway while Akt/NF-κB/PUMA is the secondary pathway of PUMA activation induced by ipatasertib in colon cancer. Knocking out PUMA eliminated ipatasertib-induced apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo (xenografts). Furthermore, PUMA is also indispensable in combinational therapies of ipatasertib with some conventional or novel drugs. Collectively, our study demonstrated that PUMA induction by FoxO3a and NF-κB is a critical step to suppress the growth of colon cancer under the therapy with ipatasertib, which provides some theoretical basis for clinical assessment.
Automatic detection and counting of urediniospores of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici using spore traps and image processing
Authors: Lei Yu , Yao Zhifeng , He Dongjian 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe quantitative monitoring of airborne urediniospores of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) using spore trap devices in wheat fields is an important process for devising strategies early and effectively controlling wheat stripe rust. The traditional microscopic spore counting method mainly relies on naked-eye observation. Because of the great number of trapped spores, this method is labour intensive and time-consuming and has low counting efficiency, sometimes leading to huge errors; thus, an alternative method is required. In this paper, a new algorithm was proposed for the automatic detection and counting of urediniospores of Pst, based on digital image processing. First, images of urediniospores were collected using portable volumetric spore traps in an indoor simulation. Then, the urediniospores were automatically detected and counted using a series of image processing approaches, including image segmentation using the K-means clustering algorithm, image pre-processing, the identification of touching urediniospores based on their shape factor and area, and touching urediniospore contour segmentation based on concavity and contour segment merging. This automatic counting algorithm was compared with the watershed transformation algorithm. The results show that the proposed algorithm is efficient and accurate for the automatic detection and counting of trapped urediniospores. It can provide technical support for the development of online airborne urediniospore monitoring equipment.
FMCW multiple‐input multiple‐output radar with iterative adaptive beamforming
Authors: Eckhardt Johannes M. , Joram Niko , Figueroa Adrian , Lindner Bastian , Ellinger Frank 
Published: September 2018

This work presents the design of a frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) multiple‐input multiple‐output radar system with collocated antennas. A key part of this article is the modification and application of the iterative adaptive algorithm (IAA) for digital beamforming to an FMCW radar system. The implemented system operates in the 2.4 GHz Industry, Scientific and Medical band with 100 MHz of bandwidth and consists of a transmit (TX) site with four antennas and a receive (RX) site with four antennas. The angular resolution is greatly improved from 15° with the common delay‐and‐sum beamforming to only 5° with IAA beamforming, which was verified by the results from a radar simulator and by a field test with the implemented hardware. The challenge of synchronisation and maintaining phase coherence in systems with remote TX and RX sites is also addressed by proposing a low‐frequency clock and trigger distribution system. This approach allows for cost‐efficient systems which can be distributed over longer distances.
Numerical study of the flow of R1270‐based nanorefrigerants in a circular tube subject to uniform heat flux
Authors: Zohud Mohammed , Ouadha Ahmed , Benzeguir Redouane 
Published: September 2018

In this work, turbulent convective heat transfer of propylene (R1270)‐based nanorefrigerant in a circular tube with a uniform heat flux of 20 kW/m2 is numerically investigated using different types of nanoparticles namely Al2O3, CuO, SiO2 and ZnO with a volume concentration ranging from 0 to 5%. Computations have been carried out using the commercial CFD code Fluent for Reynolds number ranging from 20,000 to 100,000 and a nanoparticle diameter of 30 nm. Results in terms of the average convective heat transfer coefficients of both pure R1270 and R1270‐based nanorefrigerants have been compared successfully to values obtained using correlations from the literature. It is found that among nanorefrigerants studied, R1270/CuO performs the best, followed in order by R1270/Al2O3, R1270/ZnO and R1270/SiO2. It is also shown that the convective heat transfer coefficient is enhanced by increasing the Reynolds number and the nanoparticles volume concentration.
Optimising electrochemical performance of lithium‐rich manganese‐based ternary cathode material x Li2MnO3 ·(1 − x)LiNi0.5Co0.3Mn0.2O2 by adjusting composition ratio
Authors: Zhang Hongliang , Deng Xiaoli , Dong Wenquan , Huang Haifu , Li Guangxu , Liang Xianqing , Zhou Wenzheng , Guo Jin 
Published: September 2018

Herein, lithium‐rich manganese‐based cathode materials xLi2MnO3·(1−x)LiNi0.5Co0.3Mn0.2O2 with different chemical components (x = 0. 4, 0.5, 0.6 and 0.7) were prepared by a simple co‐precipitation method. The effects of different chemical components on the crystal structure and electrochemical properties of the lithium‐rich manganese‐based cathode materials were investigated by X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, charge–discharge, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results indicate that the sample x Li2MnO3 ·(1 − x)LiNi0.5Co0.3Mn0.2O2 (x = 0.5) shows an optimum electrochemical performance: the first discharge capacity is high up to 240.71 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C; the discharge capacity can be maintained at 153 mAh g−1 after cycling 50 times when measured at a high rate of 2 C, and the good cycle stability at a high charge–discharge rate, where the discharge capacity was maintained at 123.26 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at 5 C. Therefore, it can well balance the relationship between the specific capacity and rate capability.
Refining the origins of the gamma-ray binary 1FGL J1018.6–5856
Authors: Marcote B. , Ribó M. , Paredes J. M. , Mao M. Y. , Edwards P. G. 
Published: September 2018

Context. Gamma-ray binaries are systems composed of a massive star and a compact object that exhibit emission from radio to very high energy gamma rays. They are ideal laboratories to study particle acceleration and a variety of physical processes that vary as a function of the orbital phase.
Aims. We aim to study the radio emission of the gamma-ray binary 1FGL J1018.6–5856 to constrain the emitting region and determine the peculiar motion of the system within the Galaxy to clarify its origin.
Methods. We analyzed an observation of 1FGL J1018.6–5856 with the Australian Long Baseline Array (LBA) at 8.4 GHz to obtain an accurate astrometry of the system and study its emission on milliarcsecond scales. We combined these data with the optical Gaia DR2 and UCAC4 catalogs to consolidate the astrometry information therein.
Results. The gamma-ray binary 1FGL J1018.6–5856 shows compact radio emission (< 3 mas or ≲20 au at ∼6.4 kpc distance), implying a brightness temperature of ≳5.6 × 106 K, and confirming its nonthermal origin. We report consistent results between the proper motion reported by Gaia DR2 and the positions obtained from the Gaia DR2, UCAC4, and LBA data (spanning 20 yr in total). We also determined the distance to 1FGL J1018.6–5856 to be 6.4−0.7+1.7. Together with the radial velocity of the source we computed its three-dimensional (3D) proper and peculiar motion within the Galaxy. We obtained a peculiar motion of 1FGL J1018.6–5856 on its regional standard of rest (RSR) frame of |u| = 45−9+30, with the system moving away from the Galactic plane. In the simplest scenario of a symmetric stellar core collapse we estimate a mass loss of 4 ≲ ΔM ≲ 9 M⊙ during the creation of the compact object.
Conclusions. 1FGL J1018.6–5856 exhibits compact radio emission similar to that detected in other gamma-ray binaries. We provide the first accurate peculiar motion estimations of the system and place it within the Galaxy. The obtained motion and distance excludes the physical relation of the binary source with the supernova remnant (SNR) G284.3−1.8.
On the star forest polytope for trees and cycles
Authors: Aider Meziane , Aoudia Lamia , Baïou Mourad , Mahjoub A. Ridha , Nguyen Viet Hung 
Published: September 2018

Let G = (V, E) be an undirected graph where the edges in E have non-negative weights. A star in G is either a single node of G or a subgraph of G where all the edges share one common end-node. A star forest is a collection of vertex-disjoint stars in G. The weight of a star forest is the sum of the weights of its edges. This paper deals with the problem of finding a Maximum Weight Spanning Star Forest (MWSFP) in G. This problem is NP-hard but can be solved in polynomial time when G is a cactus [Nguyen, Discrete Math. Algorithms App. 7 (2015) 1550018]. In this paper, we present a polyhedral investigation of the MWSFP. More precisely, we study the facial structure of the star forest polytope, denoted by SFP(G), which is the convex hull of the incidence vectors of the star forests of G. First, we prove several basic properties of SFP(G) and propose an integer programming formulation for MWSFP. Then, we give a class of facet-defining inequalities, called M-tree inequalities, for SFP(G). We show that for the case when G is a tree, the M-tree and the nonnegativity inequalities give a complete characterization of SFP(G). Finally, based on the description of the dominating set polytope on cycles given by Bouchakour et al. [Eur. J. Combin. 29 (2008) 652–661], we give a complete linear description of SFP(G) when G is a cycle.
Stents und Platzhalter in der endoskopischen endonasalen
Nasennebenhöhlenchirurgie
Authors: Hosemann Werner , Kühnel Thomas , Weber Rainer 
Published: September 2018

ZusammenfassungIn der endonasalen endoskopischen Chirurgie kam es im letzten Jahrzehnt zu
Fortschritten durch ein verbessertes Verständnis der Mikroanatomie, den Zugewinn
additiver medikamentöser Therapieoptionen und die Optimierung der
instrumentellen Technik. In den gleichen Kontext kann die Weiterentwicklung und
Beforschung röhrenförmiger oder solider Platzhalter („stents“ oder „spacer“) mit
und ohne simultane Freisetzung von Medikamenten gestellt werden – der
vorliegende Übersichtsbeitrag stellt den aktuellen Stand dieser Entwicklungen
vor.
Occult Placenta Accreta: Risk Factors, Adverse Obstetrical Outcomes, and Recurrence in Subsequent Pregnancies
Authors: Mullen Clodagh , Battarbee Ashley , Ernst Linda , Peaceman Alan 
Published: September 2018

Objective To assess the risk factors, adverse obstetrical outcomes, and recurrence risk associated with pathologically diagnosed occult placenta accreta.
Study Design This was a retrospective observational study of clinically adherent placentas requiring manual extraction that underwent pathological examination. Cases were defined as those with histological evidence of placenta accreta, and controls were defined as those without accreta. All subsequent pregnancies were evaluated to determine the recurrence risk of occult accreta in future pregnancies.
Results Of 491 women with clinically adherent placentas, 100 (20.1%) with a pathological diagnosis of occult accreta were compared with 391 (79.9%) without occult accreta. In bivariable analysis, risk factors associated with occult accreta included a history of previous cesarean (19 vs. 10.7%; p = 0.03) and prior uterine surgery (35 vs. 19.7%; p = 0.001). Adverse obstetrical outcomes were more common in women with occult accreta including postpartum hemorrhage (59 vs. 31.7%; p < 0.001) and peripartum hysterectomy (21 vs. 0.3%; p < 0.001). In 130 subsequent pregnancies, there was an increased risk of retained placenta (42.9 vs. 19%; p = 0.04) and recurrence of occult accreta (29.6 vs. 6.8%; p = 0.05).
Conclusion Occult accreta is associated with an increased risk of hemorrhagic morbidity and recurrence of morbidly adherent placenta in subsequent pregnancies.
Linking economic growth pathways and environmental sustainability by understanding development as alternate social–ecological regimes
Authors: Cumming Graeme S. , von Cramon-Taubadel Stephan 
Published: September 2018

Significance
Our analysis shows that there are two distinct groups of national economies, roughly equating to developed and less developed countries. The economies of countries in each group are pushed toward two different equilibrium points by differences in the feedbacks between natural resource consumption, population growth, and gross domestic product. Both equilibrium points are unsustainable under population growth. The inertia that is generated by resource dependence means that extensive structural change in the economic system is required to achieve sustainable use of natural resources; it is not possible to “develop to sustainability,” and many developed countries have simply externalized costs. Our results have profound implications for aid programs, human wellbeing, and development goals.
The use, quality and effectiveness of pelvic examination in primary care for the detection of gynaecological cancer: a systematic review
Authors: Williams Pauline , Murchie Peter , Cruickshank Maggie E , Bond Christine M , Burton Christopher D 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Background
Urgent suspected cancer referral guidelines recommend that women with gynaecological cancer symptoms should have a pelvic examination (PE) prior to referral. We do not know to what extent GPs comply, their competency at PE, or if PE shortens the diagnostic interval.

Objectives
We conducted a systematic review of the use, quality and effectiveness of PE in primary care for women with suspected gynaecological cancer.

Method
PRISMA guidelines were followed. Three databases were searched using four terms: PE, primary care, competency and gynaecological cancer. Citation lists of all identified papers were screened independently for eligibility by two reviewers. Data extraction was performed in duplicate and independently. Paper quality was assessed using the relevant Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist. Emergent themes and contrasting issues were explored in a narrative ecological synthesis.

Main Findings
Twenty papers met the inclusion criteria. 52% or less of women with suspicious symptoms had a PE. No papers directly explored GPs’ competence at performing PE. Pre-referral PE was associated with reduced diagnostic delay and earlier stage diagnosis. Ecological synthesis demonstrated a complex interplay between patient and practitioner factors and the environment in which examination is performed. Presenting symptoms are commonly misattributed by patients and practitioners resulting in misdiagnosis and lack of PE.

Conclusion
We do not know if pre-referral PE leads to better outcomes for patients. PE is often not performed for women with gynaecological cancer symptoms, and evidence that it may result in earlier stage of diagnosis is weak. More research is needed.
ChIPprimersDB: a public repository of verified qPCR primers for chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)
Authors: Kurtenbach Stefan , Reddy Rohit , Harbour J William 
Published: September 2018

AbstractChromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) has ushered in a new era of scientific discovery by allowing new insights into DNA-protein interactions. ChIP is used to quantify enriched genomic regions using qPCR, and more recently is combined with next generation sequencing (ChIP-seq) to obtain a genome wide profile of protein binding sites. Nevertheless, ChIP-qPCR remains an integral component of this technology for quality control purposes, before the library preparation and sequencing steps. In addition, ChIP-qPCR remains more time- and cost-effective for many focused projects in which the DNA regions of interest are already known. However, the DNA oligonucleotide primers needed for ChIP-qPCR are more challenging to design than for other qPCR projects. Here, we present the first public repository for ChIP oligonucleotides that have been verified to perform well in ChIP-qPCR experiments. ChIPprimersDB was developed by manual screening of publications to ensure primer quality and provide additional specific information on the ChIP experiments where the primers have been used. In addition to the primer sequences, the database includes information about the antibody, cells and tissues used in the experiment, information on the experimental design, and a direct link to the original publication. The database is linked at https://umiamihealth.org/bascom-palmer-eye-institute/research/laboratory-research/ocular-oncology-laboratory/chip-primers and hosted at https://www.chipprimers.com/.
Phosphorylation of E‐box binding USF‐1 by PI3K/AKT enhances its transcriptional activation of the WBP2 oncogene in breast cancer cells
Authors: Ramos Alisha , Miow Qing Hao , Liang Xu , Lin Qing Song , Putti Thomas Choudary , Pin Lim Yoon 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTWW domain binding protein 2 (WBP2), a transcriptional coactivator, plays a vital role in breast tumori‐ genesis. It positively regulates estrogen receptor, Hippo, and Wnt pathways, which subsequently enhance the transcription of downstream target genes contributing to cancer. Understanding the regulation of the expression and activity of WBP2 oncoprotein has implication in cancer therapy. We have previously reported that WBP2 is regulated at the post‐translational and post‐transcriptional levels. However, its regulation at the transcriptional level is not known. In this study, the minimal promoter region of WBP2 that is critical for its transcription was identified. The E‐box motif in the WBP2 promoter was demonstrated to be essential for its transcription. The E‐box binding protein upstream stimulatory factor 1 (USF‐1) was discovered to be a key transcription factor for WBP2 by yeast one‐hybrid analysis and was validated through reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays and tandem mass spectrometry, which also suggested that USF‐1 acts by regulating a network of genes, in addition to WBP2, associated with cell movement, proliferation, cell‐cycle, and survival cellular processes. USF‐1 is overexpressed in majority of the breast cancer cell lines and tissues tested, and has profound effects on cancer cell proliferation. USF‐1‐mediated transcription of WBP2 was demonstrated to be inducible by insulin, which led to AKT‐mediated phosphorylation of USF‐1 that modulated its ability to bind to the WBP2 promoter and activate its transcription. This study sheds new light onto the regulation of the WBP2 oncogene at the transcriptional level by a novel oncogenic transcription factor, USF‐1. USF‐1 is a potential drug target for treatment of WBP2‐positive breast cancer.—Ramos, A., Miow, Q. H., Liang, X., Lin, Q. S., Putti, T. C., Lim, Y. P. Phosphorylation of E‐box binding USF‐1 by PI3K/AKT enhances its transcriptional activation of the WBP2 oncogene in breast cancer cells. FASEB J. 32, 6982–7001 (2018). www.fasebj.org
What is new in HIES? Recent insights from the interface of primary immune deficiency and atopy
Authors: Ponsford Mark J. , Rae William , Klocperk Adam 
Published: September 2018

Purpose of review
Understanding the pathophysiology of monogenic primary immunodeficiency (PID) with atopic presentation has pivotal implications for intervention strategies and potentially wider polygenic atopic-related traits. This review will discuss advances in gene discovery arising from monogenic defects at the interface between PID and atopy, notably the hyper-IgE syndromes.

Recent findings
Key molecular pathways underlying development of primary atopic diseases have recently been proposed. We test this classification through reviewing novel genes reported in the last 2 years and compare insights from pathway-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of atopic-related traits.
Growing access to next-generation sequencing (NGS) has resulted in a surge in gene discovery, highlighting the utility and some pitfalls of this approach in clinical practice. The variability of presenting phenotypes reveals important gene-dosage effects. This has important implications for therapeutic strategies such as protein stabilization and modulators of JAK-STAT or TH2-cytokine signalling. We also consider the therapeutic implications raised by CARD11 deficiency, and wider applications of NGS including polygenic risk score in atopy.

Summary
Disorders presenting at the interface between PID and allergy are often difficult to diagnose, with serious consequences if missed. Application of NGS has already provided critical insights to pathways enabling targeted therapeutic interventions, and potential wider translation to polygenic disorders.