bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A multicenter study comparing the bacterial reduction on flexible endoscopes without a working channel between UV-C light disinfection versus standard endoscope Washer Disinfection: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Halmans Yana , Wellenstein D. J. , Romijn M. , van Bemmel A. J. M. , van den Berge H. , Scheeren R. A. , Kalpoe J. S. , Klont R. , van Zeijl J. H. , Sikkema H. , Euser S. M. , Hopman J. , Takes R. P. , van den Broek G. B. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
To prevent cross-contamination between patients, adequate reprocessing is necessary when using flexible endoscopes (FEs) without a working channel. The current reprocessing process using an Endoscope Washer Disinfector (EWD) is time-consuming. Ultraviolet light group C (UV-C) exposition is an alternative and fast disinfection method and has previously been shown to adequately reduce Colony Forming Units (CFUs) on FEs without a working channel. The objective of this study was to examine whether UV-C light is as effective in reducing CFUs on contaminated FEs without a working channel compared to the EWD.

Methods
FEs without a working channel were collected in three different Otorhinolaryngology Departments in the Netherlands. After pharyngolaryngoscopy, a manual pre-cleaning with tap water was performed and a culture was collected by rolling the distal 8–10 cm of the FE over an agar plate. Next, the FE was randomly assigned to be disinfected with UV-C light (D60) or the EWD (gold standard). After disinfection, another culture was taken. The primary outcome was microbiological contamination, defined by Colony Forming Units (CFU).

Results
600 FEs without a working channel were randomized. After clinical use and manual pre-cleaning, 239/300 (79.7%) FEs in the UV-C group and 262/300 (87.3%) FEs in the EWD group were contaminated (i.e., > 0 CFU). FEs without culture confirmed contamination were excluded from further analysis. After UV-C light disinfection, 195/239 (81.6%) FEs showed 0 CFUs, compared to 187/262 (71.4%) FEs disinfected with the EWD (p < 0.01). A multivariate logistics regression analysis showed an increased odds of 0 CFUs when using UV-C light (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.19–2.79; p < 0.01), conditional on participating hospitals and types of FE.

Conclusions
UV-C light disinfection of FEs without a working channel appears more effective in reducing CFUs compared to the EWD and might be a good alternative disinfection method.

Trial registration
Not applicable.
Renting trouble? An analysis of crime and calls to police at addresses with different rental types
Authors: Reinhard Daniel , Roth Jeffrey J. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
The number of studies about crime at short-term rentals (STRs), and about crime concentration has surged in recent years, but few have bridged these literatures. This study examines crime and calls for service at STRs in relation to other rentals, hotels, and all other addresses in a university city.

Methods
Police circumstances, rental properties, hotels and motels, liquor licenses, and all other addresses are assessed from January 2021 through June 2023 to understand public safety at STRs compared to other address-types.

Results
STRs make up less than 10% of rental addresses. Police circumstances are significantly and negatively associated with both distance to campus and to liquor licenses. The maximum unrelated occupancy is positively and significantly associated with issues. STRs have greater issues for their lower maximum occupancy, but other rentals and hotels present substantially more problems on a per-address basis.

Conclusion
These findings highlight the scope of STR circumstances, clarify potential differences in crime versus calls for service, and suggest that on a per-address basis, both are substantially worse at hotels and longer rentals than STRs.
Targeting CD5 chimeric antigen receptor-engineered natural killer cells against T-cell malignancies
Authors: Zu Yingling , Ren Quan , Zhang Jishuai , Su Hongchang , Lu Qiumei , Song Yongping , Zhou Jian 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Chimeric antigen receptor engineered T cells (CAR-T) have demonstrated promising clinical efficacy in B-cell malignancies, and the approach has been extended to T-cell malignancies. However, the use of allogeneic T cells in CAR therapy poses a challenge due to the risk of graft-versus-host disease. Recently, natural killer (NK) cells have exhibited “off‑the‑shelf” availability. The nanobody-based CAR structures have attracted much attention for their therapeutic potential owing to the advantages of nanobody, including small size, optimal stability, high affinity and manufacturing feasibility. CD5, a common surface marker of malignant T cells, has three scavenger receptor cysteine-rich domains (D1-D3) in the extracellular region. The present study aims to construct “off‑the‑shelf” CAR-NK cells targeting the membrane-proximal domain of CD5 derived from nanobody against T-cell malignancies.

Methods
Anti-CD5-D3 nanobody was screened by phage display technology, followed by constructing fourth-generation CAR plasmids ectopically producing IL-15 to generate CD5 CAR-NK cells derived from peripheral blood. And the second-generation CD5 CAR-T cells based on nanobody were generated, referred to as 5D.b CAR-T and 12 C.b CAR-T. Furthermore, CAR-NK cells without IL-15 (IL-15△ CAR-NK) were generated to assess the impact on cytotoxicity of CAR-NK cells. Cytotoxic activity against CD5+ hematologic malignant cell lines and normal T cells was exerted in vitro and NOD/ShiLtJGpt-Prkdcem26Cd52Il2rgem26Cd22/Gpt mouse model transplanted with Jurkat-Luc cells was used to evaluate the antitumor efficacy of CD5 CAR-NK cells in vivo.

Results
Two nanobodies (5D and 12 C) competed for binding to the epitope of CD5-D3. 12 C CAR-NK cells were superior to 5D CAR-NK cells in antitumor potential and 12 C.b CAR-T cells exhibited superior cytotoxic activity than 5D CAR-T cells ex vivo. So, 12 C was regarded as the optimal nanobody. 12 C CAR-NK cells and IL-15△ CAR-NK cells exhibited robust cytotoxicity against CD5+ malignant cell lines and controlled disease progression in xenograft mouse model. 12 C CAR-NK cells demonstrated greater antitumor activity compared to that of IL-15△ CAR-NK cells in vitro and in vivo.

Conclusions
Taken together, the fourth-generation nanobody-derived anti-CD5 CAR-NK cells may be a promising therapeutic against T-cell malignancies.
The role of the oral microbiota in the causal effect of adjunctive antibiotics on clinical outcomes in stage III–IV periodontitis patients
Authors: Kleine Bardenhorst Sven , Hagenfeld Daniel , Matern Johannes , Prior Karola , Harks Inga , Eickholz Peter , Lorenz Katrin , Kim Ti-Sun , Kocher Thomas , Meyle Jörg , Kaner Doğan , Jockel-Schneider Yvonne , Harmsen Dag , Ehmke Benjamin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Periodontitis, a prevalent chronic inflammatory disease, offers insights into the broader landscape of chronic inflammatory conditions. The progression and treatment outcomes of periodontitis are closely related to the oral microbiota’s composition. Adjunctive systemic Amoxicillin 500 mg and Metronidazole 400 mg, often prescribed thrice daily for 7 days to enhance periodontal therapy’s efficacy, have lasting effects on the oral microbiome. However, the precise mechanism through which the oral microbiome influences clinical outcomes in periodontitis patients remains debated. This investigation explores the pivotal role of the oral microbiome's composition in mediating the outcomes of adjunctive systemic antibiotic treatment.

Methods
Subgingival plaque samples from 10 periodontally healthy and 163 periodontitis patients from a randomized clinical trial on periodontal therapy were analyzed. Patients received either adjunctive amoxicillin/metronidazole or a placebo after mechanical periodontal treatment. Microbial samples were collected at various intervals up to 26 months post-therapy. Using topic models, we identified microbial communities associated with normobiotic and dysbiotic states, validated with 86 external and 40 internal samples. Logistic regression models evaluated the association between these microbial communities and clinical periodontitis parameters. A Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) determined the mediating role of oral microbiota in the causal path of antibiotic treatment effects on clinical outcomes.

Results
We identified clear distinctions between dysbiotic and normobiotic microbial communities, differentiating healthy from periodontitis subjects. Dysbiotic states consistently associated with below median %Pocket Probing Depth ≥ 5 mm (OR = 1.26, 95% CI [1.14–1.42]) and %Bleeding on Probing (OR = 1.09, 95% CI [1.00–1.18]). Factors like microbial response to treatment, smoking, and age were predictors of clinical attachment loss progression, whereas sex and antibiotic treatment were not. Further, we showed that the oral microbial treatment response plays a crucial role in the causal effect of antibiotic treatment on clinical treatment outcomes.

Conclusions
The shift towards a normobiotic subgingival microbiome, primarily induced by adjunctive antibiotics, underscores the potential for microbiome-targeted interventions to enhance therapeutic efficacy in chronic inflammatory conditions. This study reaffirms the importance of understanding the oral microbiome's role in periodontal health and paves the way for future research exploring personalized treatment strategies based on individual microbiome profiles.
Advancing EEG prediction with deep learning and uncertainty estimation
Authors: Tveter Mats , Tveitstøl Thomas , Hatlestad-Hall Christoffer , Pérez T. Ana S. , Taubøll Erik , Yazidi Anis , Hammer Hugo L. , Haraldsen Ira R. J. Hebold 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDeep Learning (DL) has the potential to enhance patient outcomes in healthcare by implementing proficient systems for disease detection and diagnosis. However, the complexity and lack of interpretability impede their widespread adoption in critical high-stakes predictions in healthcare. Incorporating uncertainty estimations in DL systems can increase trustworthiness, providing valuable insights into the model’s confidence and improving the explanation of predictions. Additionally, introducing explainability measures, recognized and embraced by healthcare experts, can help address this challenge. In this study, we investigate DL models’ ability to predict sex directly from electroencephalography (EEG) data. While sex prediction have limited direct clinical application, its binary nature makes it a valuable benchmark for optimizing deep learning techniques in EEG data analysis. Furthermore, we explore the use of DL ensembles to improve performance over single models and as an approach to increase interpretability and performance through uncertainty estimation. Lastly, we use a data-driven approach to evaluate the relationship between frequency bands and sex prediction, offering insights into their relative importance. InceptionNetwork, a single DL model, achieved 90.7% accuracy and an AUC of 0.947, and the best-performing ensemble, combining variations of InceptionNetwork and EEGNet, achieved 91.1% accuracy in predicting sex from EEG data using five-fold cross-validation. Uncertainty estimation through deep ensembles led to increased prediction performance, and the models were able to classify sex in all frequency bands, indicating sex-specific features across all bands.
Y-27632 targeting ROCK1&2 modulates cell growth, fibrosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in hyperplastic prostate by inhibiting β-catenin pathway
Authors: Shan Shidong , Su Min , Wang Hejin , Guo Feng , Li Yan , Zhou Yongying , Liu Huan , Du Lu , Zhang Junchao , Qiu Jizhang , DiSanto Michael E. , Guo Yuming , Zhang Xinhua 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBenign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a prevalent condition affecting the male urinary system, with its molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis remaining unclear. Y-27632, a non-isoform-selective Rho kinase inhibitor, has shown therapeutic potential in various diseases but its effects on static factors and fibrosis in BPH remain unexplored. This study investigated human prostate tissues, human prostate cell lines, and BPH rat model using immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and cell counting kit-8. ROCK1 and ROCK2 were significantly up-regulated in BPH tissues, correlating with clinical parameters. Y-27632 targeted the inhibition of ROCK1 & ROCK2 expression and inhibited cell proliferation, fibrosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), while induced cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, knockdown of either ROCK isoform inhibited fibrosis and EMT, induced apoptosis, while ROCK overexpression had the opposite effects. ROCK downregulation inhibited the β-catenin signaling pathway (such as C-MYC, Snail and Survivin) and decreased β-catenin protein stability, while inhibiting TGF-β/Smad2/3 signaling. At the in vivo level, Y-27632 reversed prostatic hyperplasia and fibrosis in BPH model rats to some extent. Our study sheds light on the therapeutic potential of Y-27632 in regulating prostate cell growth, fibrosis and EMT, and demonstrates for the first time the regulatory effect of ROCK isoforms on prostate cells, providing the basis for future research of ROCK isoform-selective inhibitors.
Normative identity work: exploring Erich Fromm’s perspective on self and society
Authors: Kühn Thomas 
Published: October 2024

This article explores the potential of normative identity work to foster humanistic transformation, drawing from Erich Fromm’s social theory. By engaging with Fromm’s insights into the interplay between individuals and societal structures, the analysis demonstrates how identity work – understood as an ongoing process of self-construction within social contexts – can confront what Fromm terms the ‘pathology of normalcy’. Central to the discussion are Fromm’s reflections on identity and its relationship to the human needs for rootedness, relatedness and the construction of a frame of orientation.
The article integrates Fromm’s views on identity with contemporary identity research, illustrating the tensions between conforming to societal expectations and the pursuit of self-realisation. It introduces the ‘normative ABC of identity work’, a model structured around three key dimensions: agency, belonging and coherence. This model offers a lens to examine the various ways societal forces shape identity work, influencing individuals in directions that may either align with societal norms or open pathways towards humanistic growth and transformation.
In the conclusion, the article emphasises the relationship between identity work and Fromm’s concept of social character, highlighting how social character can reflect and reinforce societal patterns while also pointing to the transformative potential embedded in humanistic values. This synthesis provides a critical framework for understanding how identity work can both sustain and challenge existing social norms and power structures.
Towards an aesthetic commoning
Authors: Brekke Oda 
Published: October 2024

This text detects a current context collapse within the independent scene of dance and choreography. It looks at the political potential of artist-driven spaces and asks if and how they could provide a forum for debate and collective articulation.
With the platform and space höjden studios in Stockholm as the main example, the text connects it to other practical initiatives such as PAF (Performing Arts Forum), ICC (Imaginative Choreographic Center and PIM (Para Institutional Models). The text briefly touches on theories of the commons and aesthetic autonomy in order to raise a concern about the collective attention to art works and artistic practices, and propose a direction where the production of discourse within common spaces centres it.
Making, performing and experiencing improvised work
Authors: Podrzavnik Andreja Rauch , Hamilton Julyen 
Published: October 2024

This dialogue between Julyen and Andreja was inspired by the desire to present, more closely, the work that both of them are engaged in, each in their own way and in their collaboration, most recently in the performance titled A Scoreless Time (2024). An integral part of their collaboration is the conversations they have before and after working on stage and within the process itself.
The reflections recorded in the interview open up some key questions about the experience of performance works, as well as about relationships and expectations; both of the audience and the performers.
Common questions that arise in the field of instant composition, i.e. improvisation, are: how imperative is it, in our opinion, that the audience knows the performers are improvising? Is it possible to see the work of performing as such?
PGRMC1 and PAQR4 are promising molecular targets for a rare subtype of ovarian cancer
Authors: Kozłowska-Tomczyk Kamila , Borski Norbert , Głód Paulina , Gogola-Mruk Justyna , Ptak Anna 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The heterogeneity of ovarian cancer (OC) has made developing effective treatments difficult. Nowadays, hormone therapy plays a growing role in the treatment of OC; however, hormone modulators have had only limited success so far. To provide a more rigorous foundation for hormonal therapy for different OC subtypes, the current study used a series of bioinformatics approaches to analyse the expression profiles of genes encoding membrane progesterone (PGRMC1, progestins and the adipoQ receptor [PAQR] family), and androgen (zinc transporter member 9 [ZIP9], OXER1) receptors. Our work investigated also their prognostic value in the context of OC. We found differences in expression of ZIP9 and OXER1 between different OC subtypes, as well as between patient tumour and normal tissues. Expression of mRNA encoding PAQR7 and PAQR8 in a panel of OC cell lines was below the qPCR detection limit and was downregulated in tumour tissue samples, whereas high expression of PGRMC1 and PAQR4 mRNA was observed in rare subtypes of OC cell lines. In addition, chemical inhibition of PGRMC1 reduced the viability of rare OCs represented by COV434 cells. In conclusion, PGRMC1 and PAQR4 are promising targets for anticancer therapy, particularly for rare subtypes of OC. These findings may reflect differences in the observed responses of various OC subtypes to hormone therapy.
Study of vowel formant data using Gabmap: A pilot analysis of a Lithuanian dialect
Authors: Bakšienė Rima 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The article reviews the possibilities of applying the web application Gabmap developed by researchers at the University of Groningen to the analysis of vowel formant data based on the results of the study of one Lithuanian dialect. The Western Aukštaitian dialect of Kaunas is traditionally considered the basis of Standard Lithuanian. The study was based on the data of 18 male speakers from six dialectal localities representing distinctive areas. The normalized mean values of the first two vowel formants (F1, F2) were analyzed in certain word positions illustrating distinguishing features, which were processed using Gabmap tools designed for analyzing numeric sequences.
Gabmap tools most beneficial for the researchers of experimental phonetics along with the aspects of their application to research were emphasized in the study; it also underlined those tools the use of which requires additional application of other conventional methods of experimental sound analysis, such as sound spectrum analysis, planimetric models, etc. In the study of the Western Aukštaitian of Kaunas, the Gabmap analysis confirmed significant horizontal variation within the dialect area and foregrounded the most tightly related sites sharing the greatest number of common features in their vocalism.
Compound prepositions in Irish and Scottish Gaelic
Authors: Watson Seosamh 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The subject of this study is a particular type of compound preposition found in Irish and Scottish Gaelic. The compound consists of a simple preposition followed by a noun which it governs, the noun in question often pertaining to human perception or activity. The membership of this ‘nominal’ prepositional class, as will be seen, is quite extensive, so that the category in question, as well as refining the reach, and extending enormously the range, of prepositional activity, adds a separate, often somewhat picturesque, dimension to syntax in the languages in question.
Pluralizers through time in the Basque dialect of Labourd
Authors: Camino Iñaki 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This article discusses the innovations that have arisen during the last several centuries in three pluralizing morphemes in the Basque dialect of Labourd (continental Basque Country). First, I will present the characteristics of Basque auxiliary and synthetic verbs so that we may better understand the three developments that I will then address and analyze: 1) a pluralizer used with transitive verbs that has moved to present tense intransitive verbs by analogy with its occurrence in past tense forms, driven by phonetic similarity; 2) a pluralizer that shows a complex development in its grammar, time and geography, and that we find in the continental Basque Country, but also in the peninsular Basque Country; and 3) a pluralizer that arose in verbs with dative and that came to be used in the transitive verb without dative jakin ‘to know’ only in Labourd.
Does the Adjustment of Industrial Structure Restrain the Income Gap between Urban and Rural Areas
Authors: Han Jun , Jiang Shicheng 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Industrial structure adjustment is a process that involves reconfiguring input factors to enhance productivity and efficiency. A crucial aspect of this adjustment is the transformation of the labor force composition, which subsequently affects the employment structure. Consequently, variations in productivity levels lead to the cross-departmental migration of workers, resulting in changes to the income disparities among employees. This article examines the impact of China’s industrial structure adjustment and labor mobility on the urban–rural income gap between 1990 and 2019. Employing an empirical approach, the study investigates the influence of industrial structure adjustment and the direction of labor mobility on the urban–rural income gap. The findings indicate that the quality of industrial structure adjustment contributes to the widening of the urban–rural income gap, whereas labor mobility helps to narrow it. In regions experiencing a net influx of labor, superior industrial structure adjustment amplifies the urban–rural income gap, whereas labor migration diminishes it. Conversely, in regions witnessing a net outflow of labor, superior industrial structure adjustment reduces the income gap, while labor mobility widens the urban–rural income disparity. Notably, in more developed areas of China, the quality of industrial structure adjustment has widened the income gap, whereas labor mobility has narrowed the urban–rural income gap. However, in less developed regions, labor mobility exacerbates the urban–rural income gap.