bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cartografía Temática del Área de Protección de Flora y Fauna Nevado de Toluca y Propuesta de Senderos Geoturísticos
Authors: Jácome-Paz Mariana Patricia , López Valdés Néstor , De la Fuente Rivera Juan Ramón , Avila Vasquez Gloria Itzel , Guzmán-Sánchez Javier , Rios-Vázquez Ameyalli , Espinasa-Pereña Ramón , Rangel Granados Elizabeth , Vásquez Serrano Alberto , Torres-Orozco Rafael , Caballero García Lizeth , Arce Saldaña José Luis , Ville-Benavides Rodrigo , Cobos Villagrán Aurora , Victoria Peregrino Karina , Rivera García Gerardo Damián , Caballero Miranda Margarita , Osorno-Covarrubias Francisco Javier 
Published: December 2018

El Nevado de Toluca es, desde 2013, un Área Natural Protegida en la categoría de Área de Protección de Flora y Fauna de acuerdo con la legislación mexicana. El volcán cuenta con fácil acceso y con una alta afluencia de visitantes, sin embargo, no cuenta con información orientativa y visible in situ, lo cual favorece el deterioro de la zona y las situaciones de riesgo por no conocer las precauciones al adentrarse a una zona de alta y media montaña.
Este proyecto presenta una estrategia de fomento a la conservación del entorno natural a través de una serie de mapas que contienen el área cratérica del volcán y sus alrededores, donde se muestra la ubicación de rutas de montaña, bicicleta y senderos interpretativos, así como información contextualizada sobre salud y prevención, además de su geología, historia eruptiva y biodiversidad. Así mismo, se espera que la consulta o uso in situ por parte de los visitantes de la zona, mitigará las situaciones de riesgo y disminuirá los accidentes de montaña provocados por desconocimiento.
In-Plane Flexible Ring Tire Model—Part 2: Parameterization
Authors: Li Bin , Yang Xiaobo , Yang James , Zhang Yunqing , Ma Zeyu 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT
The flexible ring tire model has recently gained significant attention in vehicle dynamics and analysis of road loads because it is able to capture the tire belt deflection under various driving conditions and compute more efficiently than the complex finite element tire model. This article presents the second part of the in-plane flexible ring tire model study with the recently developed flexible ring tire model to investigate several important aspects about tire model parameterization. First, we use the FTire® model in the MSC ADAMS/View® virtual test rig to generate five sets of spindle longitudinal and vertical loads on cleats with different heights, static loads, and speeds. These spindle loads are considered the “experimental data” in view of proving the accuracy of the commercial FTire® model that can accurately predict the spindle loads, especially in well-controlled test rigs. Next, one set of tire model parameters identified with a specific cleat test case is applied to other cleat test cases to predict the tire spindle forces, which are then compared with those corresponding experimental data. Similarly, this process is repeated for each cleat test case to yield different sets of parameters, respectively. Afterward, the predicted spindle loads are compared with the experimental data, respectively, based on SAE Standard J2812, and the predicted errors are assessed to determine which cleat test case is the best choice to identify parameters of the tire model. Finally, the effects of the belt point number and tread block number on the prediction accuracy and efficiency are discussed.
Tire Splash and Spray Directly before and during Hydroplaning
Authors: Schmiedel Bernhard , Gauterin Frank 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT
Wet roads can have a serious impact on tire traction. There are several ways of detecting wet roads; however, almost all of them come with disadvantages. Using the splash and spray behavior of the tire can offer a solution.
To identify key parameters that influence splash and spray, we used high-speed cameras to record tires rolling on an internal drum tire test bench. The key parameters were water film thickness, speed, and profile geometry (tread pattern and tread depth). Our image-processing analysis showed three main effects in the splash and spray behavior that help to characterize the water film thickness: side splash, circumferential spray, and torrent spray. Circumferential spray and torrent spray can be used to estimate low and medium water film thicknesses, but these require information about speed and profile geometry. Side splash announces hydroplaning without the need for additional information.
Modified Soybean Oil as a Processing Oil for Styrene-Butadiene Rubber Tire Tread Compounds
Authors: Shafranska Olena , Webster Dean C. , Chisholm Bret J. , McFarlane Sean , Tardiff Janice 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT
Soybean oil (SBO) was modified with polystyrene via a radical graft polymerization reaction for use as a processing oil in tire tread compounds. Poly(styrene-butadiene)/polybutadiene rubber compounds with silica and carbon black, containing different processing oils including naphthenic oil (NO), aromatic oil (AO), SBO, and polystyrene-modified SBO (SBO-PS), were formulated, vulcanized, and tested. The curing behavior, mechanical properties, and dynamic properties were investigated. The cure test results showed that all SBO-based rubbers had a shorter scorch time and cure window than the NO- and AO-based rubbers.
The tensile tests demonstrated that partial and complete replacement of NO with SBO led to reduced tensile modulus but increased elongation of rubber. For the rubbers compounded with SBO-PS and with a 50/50 mixture of NO/SBO-PS, tensile strength and elongation were higher than for the NO-based rubber. The same tendency was observed when SBO-PS–based rubbers were compared with SBO- and AO-based rubbers. SBO-PS–based rubbers demonstrated better tensile properties than AO-based rubbers and far better properties than SBO-based rubbers. In the tear resistance test and durometer hardness test, SBO-PS contained rubbers that showed similar properties to NO-containing rubber.
The dynamic mechanical analysis of SBO-PS–containing rubbers demonstrated that use of this compound in tire treads is expected to improve both rolling resistance and wet traction when compared with an AO-based rubber. The modification of SBO with grafted PS is a promising method of making processing oil, which can replace petroleum-based processing oils with bio-based renewable oils in tire tread compounds while improving their properties.
PENERAPAN PSAK NO.45 TENTANG PELAPORAN KEUANGAN ORGANISASI NIRLABA YAYASAN PENDIDIKAN PONDOK PESANTREN AL-KHAIRIYAH
Authors: Atufah Intan Devi 
Published: December 2018

Now days non profit organizations in Indonesia still tend to emphasize the priority of program quality and not too much attention to the importance of financial management systems. Though a good financial management system is believed to be one of the main indicators of accountability and tranparency of an institution. Reporting and financial management of the corresponding set in the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) 45 of the financial reporting of nonprofit organizations. The purpose of this study was to determine whether application of the financial reporting on Educational Foundation Boarding School Al-Khairiyah with what has been stated in SFAS 45. Descriptive research methods with qualityve analysis techniques outlines, describe and recontruct a data. The result showed that the financial statement in accordance with the Educational Foundation Boarding School Al-Khairiyah yet financial statement based nonprofit financial statement formats that exist in SFAS 45. The financial statements of which there are some cash flow statements regarding expenditures and income to their understanding. Educational Foundation Boarding School Al-Khairiyah does not present a statement of financial position, statement of activities, statementof cash flows, and notes to the financial statements. The preparation of financial statement sshould be guided by Educational Foundation Boarding School Al-Khairiyah and follow the conditions set by the Indonesian Institute of Accountants (IAI) contained in SFAS 45 that the information presented in the financial statement be clear, relevant and has a high appeal
Percepção de gestantes sobre a incidência da toxoplasmose, Barreiras – BA / Perception of pregnant on incidence of toxoplasmosis, Barreiras – BA
Authors: Santos Crisliane Aparecida Pereira dos , Conceição Luciene Lopes da 
Published: December 2018

No Brasil 4 a 5% das mulheres correm o risco de adquirir a toxoplasmose. O objetivo desse artigo é avaliar o perfil socioeconômico das gestantes, bem como sua percepção sobre a toxoplasmose, com foco nas fontes de infecção, transmissão e nas medidas preventivas da doença. A pesquisa ocorreu mediante aplicação de questionários socioeconômicos a 68 gestantes, pacientes de postos de saúde de Barreiras. Os resultados mostraram que 66,2% das gestantes nunca ouviram falar sobre a expressão “toxoplasmose e/ou toxoplasmose congênita”, o que justifica o fato de 97% delas desconhecerem os danos à saúde causados pela taxoplasmose durante a gestação. Embora tenha se percebido falhas quanto às orientações de prevenção das gestantes, pelos profissionais de saúde, ainda assim o rastreio no pré-natal, realizados a cada trimestre da gestação, é a estratégia mais eficiente, quanto à identificação e tratamento de uma possível infecção da toxoplasmose e de outras doenças nesse período da vida. ABSTRACTIn Brazil 50 to 80% of women have been infected with toxoplasmosis. The objective of this article is to evaluate the perception of pregnant women about how to acquire and transmit toxoplasmosis. The research was carried out through the application of socioeconomic questionnaires to 68 pregnant women, patients from Barreiras health posts. The results showed that 66.2% of pregnant women had never heard of the term "toxoplasmosis and / or congenital toxoplasmosis", which explains why 97% of them do not know the health damage caused by toxoplasmosis during pregnancy. Although the pregnant women presented low perception about the infection/disease prevention guidelines, prenatal screening, performed every trimester of gestation, is the most efficient strategy in identification and treatment of a possible Toxoplasma infection and of other diseases in this period of life.
Structural and mechanical properties of diglycine perchlorate single crystals
Authors: Kumar M. Suresh , Rajesh K. , Vijayaraghavan G.V. , Krishnan S. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Good quality diglycine perchlorate (DGPCL) single crystals were grown by slow evaporation solution growth method using the combination of glycine and perchloric acid in the ratio of 2:1. Single crystal X-ray diffraction and mechanical characterization of the grown single crystals of diglycine perchlorate were analyzed in this article. Lattice parameters, space group and crytal system were found from single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. All the cell parameters and space group are in a good agreement with the reported values. Mechanical properties, such as Vicker’s microhardness number, work hardening index, standard hardness value, yield strength, fracture toughness, brittleness index and elastic stiffness constant values, were determined using Vicker’s microhardness tester.
A medal minted by the Dutch West India Company in 1637 in honour of Krzysztof Arciszewski as a cartographic source
Authors: Łopatecki Karol 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The author discusses a phenomenon of putting the works of military cartography on medals cast in the 17th century. The analysis focused on a medal presented to Krzysztof Arciszewski (1592-1656) by the Dutch West India Company in 1637. The obverse of this medal features two cartographic images depicting the siege of the Arraial Velho do Bom Jesus fortress (1635) and the battle between Camarigibi and Porto Calvo (1636). They were patterned after two manuscript maps. The maps were made by Arciszewski and attached to a memorandum written and sent to the management of the West India Company on 13 June 1633. They were engraved and published in print only around 1644. The plan of the battle that took place on 18 January 1636 indicates that the engraver (author unknown) used not only the manuscript version but also the medal. The example of the medal minted in 1637 confirms the credibility of cartographic representations featured on numismatic items. It should, naturally, be borne in mind that such representations must have been simplified due to the very nature of the means. Nevertheless, should there be no proper manuscript pattern, such objects may be used successfully as valuable cartographic sources.
Disseminated Fusarium Infections in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Covington Morgan , Gao Juliana , Abdulla Farah , Rosić Vesna Petronić 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Fusarium is a ubiquitous fungal species found in soil and water. While fusarium can cause localized infection in healthy individuals, it most commonly affects those with compromised immune systems, particularly those with prolonged neutropenia. The morality rate of systemic infection approaches one-hundred percent. Here we present two cases of disseminated fusarium infection in two patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) along with review of literatures regarding prophylaxis and treatment.
Analogy, Similarity, and the Periodic Table of Arguments
Authors: Wagemans Jean H. M. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to indicate the systematic place of arguments based on the concept of analogy within the theoretical framework of the Periodic Table of Arguments, a new method for describing and classifying arguments that integrates traditional dialectical accounts of arguments and fallacies and rhetorical accounts of the means of persuasion (logos, ethos, pathos) into a comprehensive framework. The paper begins with an inventory of existing approaches to arguments based on analogy, similarity and adjacent concepts. Then, the theoretical framework of the table will be expounded and several concrete examples of arguments based on these concepts will be analyzed in terms of the framework. Finally, the results of these analyses will be summarized and it will be indicated how they can be refined in further research related to the Periodic Table of Arguments.
A New Argument Scheme for Causal Explanations by Analogy? The Case of Galileo’s Explanation of the Tides
Authors: Kremling Alexander 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This paper is a case study. After formulating three norms for critical assessment of argumentation (section 1), I give a brief overview of Galileo’s argumentative strategy in his Dialogue and present his argument for the cause of the tides, which appears as an argument by analogy (section 2). I then discuss possible reconstructions of this argumentation, with one particular suggestion in detail. These arguments seem to fall short, given the aforementioned set of norms (section 3). This leads to my own proposal of Galileo’s argument. I defend this proposal and it’s general idea - that is, the argument’s pattern. It will be classified as ‘interventionist’ and useful regarding the goals of critical assessment (section 4). Finally, I suggest that the pattern of argument is applicable to other cases and useful for applied theory of science (section 5).
Ad Hominem Arguments, Rhetoric, and Science Communication
Authors: Martini Carlo 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
In this paper, I contend that evidence-focused strategies of science communication may be complemented by possibly more effective rhetorical arguments in current public debates on vaccines. I analyse the case of direct science communication - that is, communication of evidence - and show that it is difficult to effectively communicate evidential standards of science in the presence of well-equipped anti-science movements. Instead, I argue that effective rhetorical tools involve ad hominem strategies, that is, arguments involving claims of expertise. I provide a rationale, and sketch a methodology, for using ad hominem arguments in science communication.
Warsaw Argumentation Week (Waw 2018) Organised by the Polish School of Argumentation and Our Colleagues from Germany and the UK, 6th-16th September 2018
Authors: Budzynska Katarzyna , Araszkiewicz Michał , Budzyńska-Daca Agnieszka , Hinton Martin , Lawrence John , Modgil Sanjay , Thimm Matthias , Visser Jacky , Żurek Tomasz , Koszowy Marcin , Atkinson Katie , Dębowska-Kozłowska Kamila , Kacprzak Magdalena , Łupkowski Paweł , Skowron Barłomiej , Urbański Mariusz , Załęska Maria 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
In September 2018, the ArgDiaP association, along with colleagues from Germany and the UK, organised one of the longest and most interdisciplinary series of events ever dedicated to argumentation - Warsaw Argumentation Week, WAW 2018. The eleven-day ‘week’ featured a five day graduate school on computational and linguistic perspectives on argumentation (3rd SSA school); five workshops: on systems and algorithms for formal argumentation (2nd SAFA), argumentation in relation to society (1st ArgSoc), philosophical approaches to argumentation (1st ArgPhil), legal argumentation (2ndMET-ARG) and argumentation in rhetoric (1st MET-RhET); and two conferences: on computational models of argumentation (7th COMMA conference) and on argumentation and corpus linguistics (16th ArgDiaP conference). WAW hosted twelve tutorials and eight invited talks as well as welcoming over 130 participants. All the conferences and workshops publish pre- or post-proceedings in the top journals and book series in the field.
Exploration of Ethnomathematics of House and Traditional Music Tools Biak-Papua Cultural
Authors: Sroyer Alvian M , Nainggolan Jonner , Hutabarat Ida M 
Published: December 2018

<p>This research is an ethnomathematics study of the Biak Papuan community. The ethnomathematics studied are houses and traditional musical instruments. The shape and style of the traditional Biak house still remain to this day. The purpose of this study was to examine and reveal the relationship between mathematics and the traditional home culture of the Biak community, namely rum Som, rum Sram and Sram Mankubui and traditional musical instruments namely Tifa. The research method used is an exploratory survey method with a qualitative approach. The results showed that the shape of the roof of rum Som, rum Sram, Sram Mankubui was rectangular, half elliptical and triangular trapezoid. Whereas Tifa's musical instruments look like the two most belted cones combined.</p>
Modeling and Simulation of Steel Heat Treatment—Prediction of Microstructure, Distortion, Residual Stresses, and Cracking
Authors: Simsir C. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis article describes the fundamental concepts of heat treatment simulation, including the physical events and their interactions, the heat treatment simulation software, and the commonly used simulation strategies. It summarizes material data needed for heat treatment simulations and discusses reliable data sources as well as experimental and computational methods for material data acquisition. The article provides information on the process data needed for accurate heat treatment simulation and the methods for their determination. Methods for validating heat treatment simulations are also discussed with an emphasis on the underlying philosophy for the selection and design of validation tests. The article also discusses the applications, capabilities, and limitations of heat treatment simulations via selected industrial case studies for a better understanding of the effect of microstructure, distortion, residual stress, and cracking in gears, shafts, and bearing rings.
Residual Stresses and Distortion in Thermochemically Treated Steels
Authors: Clausen B. , Steinbacher M. , Hoffmann F. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The process of case hardening of steel includes three consecutive steps of heat treatment: heating; the thermochemical process with the enrichment of the surface area during the carburizing or carbonitriding stage with carbon and nitrogen; and the subsequent quenching process for hardening. This article provides a model-based description of the development of residual stresses during case hardening. It also describes the influence and effects of residual stresses and distortion in hardening, carburizing, and nitriding processes of the steel.
Low-Temperature Carburization of Austenitic Stainless Steels
Authors: Collins S.R. , Williams P.C. , Marx S.V. , Heuer A. , Ernst F. , Kahn H. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Low-temperature carburization hardens the surface of austenitic stainless steels through the diffusion of interstitial carbon without the formation of carbides. This article provides an overview on austenitic stainless steels and low-temperature carburization. It reviews the competing technologies and commercial application of low-temperature carburization. The article discusses several processing parameters, including activation of the surface, proper surface preparation, selection and condition of the alloy to be carburized, treatment temperature, and carburizing atmosphere for successful low-temperature carburization of austenitic stainless steels and other chromium-containing alloys. It describes the performance properties of the low-temperature carburized layer: fatigue resistance, wear resistance, erosion resistance, and corrosion resistance.
Heat Treating of Maraging Steels
Authors: Carson Charles 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Maraging steels are highly alloyed low-carbon iron-nickel martensite steels that possess an excellent combination of strength and toughness superior to that of most carbon-hardened steels. This article provides a detailed account of the formation of martensite in maraging steels. It discusses the heat treatment of these steels, namely, aging, solution annealing, age hardening, and nitriding. Their hardening during aging has been attributed to two different mechanisms: short-range ordering and precipitation. The article concludes with a discussion on the grain refinement using thermal cycling and transformation-induced plasticity maraging methods.
Heat Treatment of Copper Precipitation-Strengthened Steels
Authors: Prakash Kolli R. , Seidman David N. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Copper steels are precipitation-strengthened steels that are designed to have a unique combination of physical and mechanical properties. This article provides an overview of copper precipitate-strengthened steels and their applications, and discusses appropriate ASTM International standards. It describes the common phases and alloying elements present in copper precipitate-strengthened steels, and reviews the influences of alloying elements on processing, phase diagrams, microstructures, and mechanical properties. The article also discusses the thermomechanical process, solutionizing heat treatment, and isothermal aging in detail. It concludes with a review of the interrelationships between heat treatments, microstructures, and mechanical properties.