bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phylogeography of Microphis retzii (Bleeker, 1856) and Microphis brachyurus (Bleeker, 1854) in the Pacific
Authors: Haÿ Vincent , Mennesson Marion I. , Carpentier Camille , Dahruddin Hadi , Sauri Sopian , Limmon Gino , Wowor Daisy , Hubert Nicolas , Keith Philippe , Lord Clara 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSyngnathidae are a charismatic family of teleost fishes, represented by seahorses, seadragons, and pipefishes. Syngnathidae are mainly composed of marine species, but about 30 species of pipefishes inhabit freshwater insular environments of the Indo‐Pacific realm. Recent research has shown that some freshwater pipefish species are amphidromous and exhibit high intraspecific divergences across their distribution range, like Microphis brachyurus (Bleeker, 1854) distributed from Sri Lanka to French Polynesia and Microphis retzii (Bleeker, 1856) distributed from Taiwan to Indonesia. In this study, we used the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) partial gene of 91 specimens of M. brachyurus and 30 specimens of M. retzii from localities representative of their respective distribution area to improve knowledge on the population structure of these two widespread species. Genetic species delimitation and phylogeographic analyses were combined to explore spatial patterns of genetic diversity across the distribution ranges of the two species. We have highlighted deep genetic structuring within the two species and relate these results to various biotic and abiotic factors. For M. brachyurus, the population in Polynesia is distinct from those in the West Pacific, suggesting its distinctiveness and recognition as an evolutionary significant unit (ESU). For M. retzii, three lineages are delimited in its range distribution, suggesting the existence of two distinct species in Southeast Asia (Bali/Java/Lombok and China/Taiwan). Pipefish species are particularly vulnerable to anthropogenic pressures (inherent to Syngnathidae and insular environments). The present results, revising species delimitation and geographic distribution, will help implement effective conservation and management measures.
Cognitive decline in Cushing's syndrome: A systematic review
Authors: Katragadda Anila , Kunadia Jessica , Kirsch Polly , Dorcely Brenda , Shah Shruti , Henig Zachary , Job Asha , Feelders Richard A. , Agrawal Nidhi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe neurocognitive and psychiatric effects of Cushing's syndrome (CS) are well recognized and negatively impact quality of life. The aim of this systematic review is to compare neurocognitive disease, psychiatric symptoms, and structural brain changes in patients with Cushing's disease (CD)/CS and those with non‐functioning pituitary adenoma (NFPA), both before and after surgical treatment, and in comparison to healthy controls. Possible predictors of persistent neurocognitive symptoms and reduced quality of life in patients with CS are highlighted. We reviewed the English literature published in Medline/Pubmed until 2021 to identify eligible studies. This systematic review was registered on Prospero and reported following the PRISMA statement guidelines. The initial literature search yielded 1772 articles, of which 1096 articles remained after removing duplicates. After excluding case reports, animal studies, narrative reviews, comparative reviews, and articles not in English, 86 papers underwent full‐text review. Studies eligible for inclusion met the following criteria: (1) described patients with CD/CS, (2) reports of psychiatric symptoms, (3) written in English or with available English translation, and (4) published in a peer‐reviewed journal. The full‐text review process identified 40 eligible studies. The 40 studies included a total of 2603 participants with CD or CS, with 45.2% of the total participants having CD. The majority of studies were case–control studies and used validated questionnaires such as the Beck's Depression Index, Trail Making Test, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Cushing Quality of Life for screening. Compared to NFPA controls, patients with CD who had greater baseline serum cortisol levels had worse cognitive function, even after surgical remission. This suggests a possible association between greater baseline cortisol levels in patients with CS and persistent cognitive impairment. A longer duration of uncontrolled CS was associated with worse cognitive function; however, there was no association found between the length of remission and memory. Overall brain volume was increased in patients in remission from CD compared to active disease. However, temporal and frontal lobe volumes did not recover to normal volumes. Patients with CS experience neurocognitive dysfunction, psychiatric disorders, and diminished quality of life, and symptoms may persist after curative surgery. We found several factors consistently associated with persistent cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with CS including higher pre‐operatively baseline cortisol production, longer duration of disease, frontal and temporal lobe atrophy, and the presence of cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms at baseline. Larger prospective studies are required to validate these findings.
Isotretinoin Combined Laser/Light‐Based Treatments Versus Isotretinoin Alone for the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: He Shi‐xin , Wang Yi , Wang Jun , Tang Li , Yang Li , Ye Fei‐lun 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesThis study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of oral isotretinoin with and without laser/light‐based treatments for acne.MethodsThis study was conducted under the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines; this meta‐analysis utilized data from PubMed, EMBASE, ClinicalTrial.gov, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials until December 2023. We evaluated clinical improvement, lesion reduction, adverse events, as well as intraoperative and postoperative discomfort rates. Analyses were performed using Review Manager 5.3.ResultsThis review included six articles with a total of 285 patients. Isotretinoin combined with laser/light therapy outperformed in clinical improvement rates, significantly reducing acne vulgaris and acne scars lesions compared to isotretinoin alone. Additionally, there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse events between the two groups.ConclusionThe study suggests that combining isotretinoin with laser/light‐based therapy for acne yields superior efficacy and satisfaction without increased complications (e.g., dryness, hyperpigmentation, and scarring). However, patients experience notable treatment‐related discomfort.
Transmissible diseases, vaccination, and inequality
Authors: Camacho Carmen , Vasilakis Chrysovalantis 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe construct a Susceptible–Infected–Vaccinated Economic two‐sector growth model to explore the dynamics of inequality in an economy with distinct groups of workers exposed to a transmissible disease. Our analysis reveals a spectrum of outcomes in the long term, ranging from a disease‐free economic environment to a scenario where only the most susceptible group suffers from the disease. Long‐term outcomes are influenced by the reproduction rates both of the overall economy and those of the two groups of workers. If one group remains infected over time, the other will surely follow, leading to a perpetual disease burden for both. Additionally, because long‐term equilibria may not be unique, there is a possibility of long‐term uncertainty, posing additional challenges for policymakers. Notably, our calibrated model suggests that if the vaccination rate exceeds 24%, the relationship between disease exposure and inequality in capital assets becomes nonmonotonic.
A diversity of temperature and pressure conditions recorded by zircon within suevite from Ries crater, Germany
Authors: Stadermann A. C. , Erickson T. M. , Seifert L. B. , Chang Y. , Zeszut Z. , Zega T. J. , Michels Z. D. , Barnes J. J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe temperature and pressure conditions experienced by rocks during an impact event can be constrained using petrologic and microstructural analysis and is crucial to providing ground truth to the impact cratering process. Suevite is a polymict, impact melt‐bearing breccia, specific to Ries crater in Germany. There are competing models for suevite formation and emplacement, such as clastic flows pushed out of the crater rim or ejecta plume fallback. Knowledge of the temperature and pressure pathways recorded by grains within the suevite can help distinguish between these and other models. The accessory phase zircon (ZrSiO4) and its high‐pressure polymorph reidite are particularly useful in such circumstances as they are highly refractory minerals that can record the high‐temperature and/or high‐pressure conditions of an impact event. Here, we present evidence for a wide array of temperature and pressure conditions recorded in zircon grains within a single thin section of suevite. Zircons in this study range from unshocked to highly shocked (>53 GPa), and record temperatures more than 1673°C. These findings confirm previous studies concluding that suevites contain material exposed to very diverse pressure and temperature conditions during initial shock compression and excavation but do not, as a whole, experience extreme temperatures (>1673°C) or pressures (>30 GPa).
A single phosphorylatable amino acid residue is essential for the recognition of multiple potyviral HCPro effectors by potato Nytbr
Authors: Alex Bryce G. , Zhang Zong‐Ying , Lasky Danny , Garcia‐Ruiz Hernan , Dewberry Ronnie , Allen Caitilyn , Halterman Dennis , Rakotondrafara Aurélie M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPotato virus Y (PVY, Potyviridae) is among the most important viral pathogens of potato. The potato resistance gene Nytbr confers hypersensitive resistance to the ordinary strain of PVY (PVYO), but not the necrotic strain (PVYN). Here, we unveil that residue 247 of PVY helper component proteinase (HCPro) acts as a central player controlling Nytbr strain‐specific activation. We found that substituting the serine at 247 in the HCPro of PVYO (HCProO) with an alanine as in PVYN HCPro (HCProN) disrupts Nytbr recognition. Conversely, an HCProN mutant carrying a serine at position 247 triggers defence. Moreover, we demonstrate that plant defences are induced against HCProO mutants with a phosphomimetic or another phosphorylatable residue at 247, but not with a phosphoablative residue, suggesting that phosphorylation could modulate Nytbr resistance. Extending beyond PVY, we establish that the same response elicited by the PVYO HCPro is also induced by HCPro proteins from other members of the Potyviridae family that have a serine at position 247, but not by those with an alanine. Together, our results provide further insights in the strain‐specific PVY resistance in potato and infer a broad‐spectrum detection mechanism of plant potyvirus effectors contingent on a single amino acid residue.
Arthroscopic Management of Juxta‐Articular Proximal Tibial Chondroblastoma: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Xiao Cong , Zhang Shaoyun , Gao Zhixiang , Wang Lifu , Dai Yixin , Li Jian 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundChondroblastoma is a rare bone tumor that originates from the epiphysis, constitutes around 1% of all primary bone tumors and is recognized for its tendency to exhibit local invasiveness, as well as the possibility of metastasis and recurrence in nearby areas. Currently, the main surgical treatment for chondroblastoma is open surgery, involving excision of the lesion. There are relatively few reports on arthroscopic surgery for the treatment of chondroblastoma. However, open surgical curettage is associated with operation‐related trauma and potential for damage to the osteoepiphysis resulting in growth disturbances.Case PresentationThis case study presents the application of an arthroscopic technique in a 14‐year‐old male patient with chondroblastoma affecting the proximal tibia and tibial eminence. The procedure involved thorough removal of the lesion using direct visualization with the management of the cavity utilizing a substitute for autologous bone graft. After 1 year of follow‐up, the patient remains free from symptoms, exhibits normal knee functionality, and radiographic analysis reveals a good autologous bone graft fusion without any signs of recurrence.ConclusionsBased on the existing cases of arthroscopic treatment for chondroblastoma and the report of this case, arthroscopic treatment for chondroblastoma can be considered as a specific treatment option for certain patients. In some cases, this technique could be an effective alternative to open surgery.
Foreign competition and export diversification: Evidence from domestic firms in China
Authors: Wang Xuefeng , Liu Haiyun , Wang Lixia 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the effects of foreign firms on the product diversification of domestic exporters in China. The result shows that domestic exporters react to the competition of foreign firms by reducing their product diversification. Firms drop the marginal products and concentrate on core products, and they distribute their exports more evenly among the product varieties they retained. Mechanism tests suggest that the competition of foreign firms reduces the sales, efficiency and R&D expenditure of domestic firms. And the effects are more pronounced for SOEs and firms with larger scales. This study explains the decline in the export diversification of domestic firms in China and contributes to the understanding of the variety adjustment of firms in the face of competitive pressure.
Integration of Cooling Holes Into a Turbine Vane Made Using Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Gailey Nicholas L. , Barringer Michael D. , Berdanier Reid A. , Thole Karen A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) has emerged as a method to prototype novel designs for turbine airfoil cooling with complex internal and film cooling geometries. Creating engine scale features with AM comes with challenges that impact flow and heat transfer, which consequently affect the overall performance of the component. While AM has proven to be faster and more cost-effective than traditional casting methods, the scalability of AM requires further investigation. The purpose of this study was to integrate various film-cooling hole geometries identified through large-scale models and true-scale simple coupons into a true-scale turbine vane to assess overall cooling effectiveness. The National Experimental Turbine (NExT) vane was additively manufactured with a singular cooling passage feeding two rows of film-cooling holes: a row of baseline 7-7-7 holes; and a row of holes containing both parametrically optimized 15-15-1 holes and modified adjoint optimized cross flow holes. The internal passage was designed to have a section with ribs and a section without ribs to assess how internal features impact the cooling holes' performance. The vane was tested in the Steady Thermal Aero Research Turbine (START) rig over a range of film cooling blowing ratios. A combination of computed tomography scanning and non-contact infrared thermal imaging measurements were used to evaluate how as-built geometries impacted the overall cooling effectiveness on the NExT vane for each hole group. The 15-15-1 film-cooling holes with no internal ribs were shown to be the most effective in lowering surface temperatures relative to the other cooling hole configurations. Also, the 15-15-1 holes with no internal ribs to affect the cooling flow entrance to the hole were the least affected by blowing ratio changes. The 7-7-7 hole was found to have a negative impact on the vane because the downstream surface was warmed by a separating internal channel wall.
Functional and structural analyses of IMP-27 metallo-β-lactamase: evolution of IMP-type enzymes to overcome Zn(II) deprivation
Authors: Kato Yoshiki , Yamaguchi Toshio , Nakagawa-Kamura Haruka , Ishii Yoshikazu , Shimizu-Ibuka Akiko 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

IMP-type metallo-β-lactamases are di-Zn(II) enzymes that can inactivate a wide range of bicyclic β-lactam agents used in clinical practice. IMP-27 shares 82% amino acid sequence identity with IMP-1, the first IMP-type enzyme identified. Herein, we conducted structural determination, kinetic, and chelating agent resistance analyses of IMP-27. Once determined, IMP-27 was then compared to its mutant, namely, G262S, and IMP-1. Crystallographic structural analysis of IMP-27 showed an overall structure comparable to that of IMP-1 and other IMP-type enzymes; the positions of the zinc (Zn) ions varied across enzymes. Kinetic analysis showed that IMP-27 had lower catalytic efficiency against penicillins, ceftazidime, cephalexin, and imipenem than IMP-1; however, it had higher affinity and catalytic efficiency against meropenem, especially in the presence of Zn(II). This suggests that the catalytic site of IMP-27 is optimized to hydrolyze meropenem during molecular evolution at the expense of catalytic efficiency against penicillins. However, Zn(II) content analysis after EDTA treatment revealed no significant difference between enzymes. Moreover, analysis of IMP-27 mutants indicated that the differences in kinetic properties and chelator resistance between IMP-1 and IMP-27 were mainly due to an amino acid substitution at position 262.

IMPORTANCE

The residue at position 262 has been reported as a key determinant of substrate specificity in IMP-type enzymes. Among more than 80 IMP-type metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) variants, IMP-27 was the first reported IMP-type MBL isolated from
Proteus mirabilis
. This enzyme has a glycine residue at position 262, which is occupied by serine in IMP-1. Compared with IMP-1, IMP-27 had a significantly higher affinity and catalytic efficiency against meropenem and improved metal-binding capacity, maintaining its activity under Zn(II)-limited conditions better than IMP-1. The analysis of the IMP-27 mutants indicated that differences between IMP-27 and IMP-1 were mainly due to an amino acid substitution at position 262. In the case of IMP-27, the G262S mutation optimized the catalytic site of IMP-27 for meropenem hydrolysis, at the expense of catalytic efficiency against penicillins.
Slit-ventricle syndrome masking shunt disconnection in adulthood
Authors: Casanovas Ortega Marta , Pandit Anand S , Abussuud Zeid , Watkins Laurence D 
Published: November 2024

A male in his 20s was referred to the neurosurgical service with headaches, vomiting and personality changes. He had a previous history of bilateral ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts and bitemporal decompressive surgery for neonatal intraventricular haemorrhage. There were appearances of slit-ventricles on his CT head scan typically associated with adequate cerebrospinal fluid drainage and normal intracranial pressure (ICP), which ordinarily will have limited further investigation. However, an X-ray shunt series demonstrated a right shunt disconnection at the neck and ICP monitoring confirmed raised ICP with poor brain compliance. He underwent revision of the right VP shunt with distal catheter replacement. Postoperatively, his symptoms, ICP and brain compliance improved.This case highlights the value of obtaining shunt series in patients presenting with symptoms of shunt obstruction regardless of a normal CT head. It emphasises awareness of slit-ventricle syndrome in adult patients with shunts, particularly those with complex childhood hydrocephalus.
Neonatal adrenal haemorrhage presenting with bowel obstruction in a term neonate
Authors: Bickerstaff Emily Ann , Ashour Khaled , Fawkner-Corbett David 
Published: November 2024

Neonatal adrenal haemorrhage affects approximately 0.17%–0.21% of babies, although, usually, it remains asymptomatic, and therefore, the exact incidence is probably greater. The increased vascularity and relatively large size of the adrenal glands in neonates increases their vulnerability to haemorrhage during labour. There have been few cases that have presented with bowel obstruction.A term neonate was admitted with bilious vomiting, dehydration and mottled skin. He was afebrile but hypoglycaemic. Dark green aspirations were present on placement of a nasogastric tube, and emergent upper gastrointestinal contrast study demonstrated failure of contrast to pass and deviation of the duodenum. Together these features raised concern of malrotation with volvulus promoting surgical exploration. Intraoperatively, a left suprarenal mass was discovered, causing bowel obstruction. An ileostomy was created, and a biopsy was taken. Adrenal haemorrhage was diagnosed, which is an extremely rare cause of bowel obstruction. Serial ultrasound scans have been done since, showing reduction of the haemorrhage and his ileostomy has been reversed.Adrenal haemorrhage is rarely reported to cause bowel obstruction. A neonate with bilious vomiting and an abnormal contrast may represent malrotation; however, adrenal haemorrhage is an uncommon, but important, differential to consider in these scenarios.
Identifying future research priorities in the field of interpersonal violence (IV) towards athletes in sport: a Delphi study
Authors: Parent Sylvie , Radziszewski Stephanie , Aghedo Osazemen , Daignault Isabelle , Kavanagh Emma , Lang Melanie , Mountjoy Margo , Pankowiak Aurélie , Topart Julia , Woessner Mary , Vertommen Tine 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveOur aim was to define the priorities for future research in safeguarding athletes from interpersonal violence (IV) in sport through a Delphi consensus study of researchers in the field.MethodsAn internet-based three-round Delphi method was used as a multistage facilitation technique to arrive at a group consensus (set at ≥75% agreement). A targeted literature search was conducted to develop a list of potential research priorities that were presented as short statements in the first round.ResultsA total of 52 participants (researchers in IV in sport) took part in the first round, 52 completed the second round and 44 completed the third round. Respectively, 47 items, 83 items and 60 items were included in each round. The participants achieved consensus on 11 statements in the first round, seven in the second round and 31 in the third round, for a total of 49 consensus research priorities. The first four priorities that reached consensus (78.8–80.8% agreement) directly following the first Delphi round were scored with high importance (between 6.2 and 6.3 on a scale of 7). Those four priorities included: (1) documenting the experiences of children athletes and minors, (2) studying the disclosure or reporting of violence, (3) developing, evaluating and advising on interventions targeting education and training and (4) documenting the experiences of violence of para athletes.ConclusionThis study defines research priorities for IV in sport that may elucidate further gaps in current policies and practices.