bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structure variation and energy storage properties of acceptor‐modified PBLZST antiferroelectric ceramics
Authors: Liu Pin , Zhang Yujing , Zhu Yiwei , Fan Baoyan , Li Wenru , Zhang Haibo , Jiang Shenglin 
Published: September 2018

AbstractEnergy storage capacitors with high recoverable energy density and efficiency are greatly desired in pulse power system. In this study, the energy density and efficiency were enhanced in Mn‐modified (Pb0.93Ba0.04La0.02)(Zr0.65Sn0.3Ti0.05)O3 antiferroelectric ceramics via a conventional solid‐state reaction process. The improvement was attributed to the change in the antiferroelectric‐to‐ferroelectric phase transition electric field (EF) and the ferroelectric‐to‐antiferroelectric phase transition electric field (EA) with a small Mn addition. Mn ions as acceptors, which gave rise to the structure variation, significantly influenced the microstructures, dielectric properties and energy storage performance of the antiferroelectric ceramics. A maximum recoverable energy density of 2.64 J/cm3 with an efficiency of 73% was achieved when x = 0.005, which was 40% higher than that (1.84 J/cm3, 68%) of the pure ceramic counterparts. The results demonstrate that the acceptor modification is an effective way to improve the energy storage density and efficiency of antiferroelectric ceramics by inducing a structure variation and the (Pb0.93Ba0.04La0.02)(Zr0.65Sn0.3Ti0.05)O3‐xMn2O3 antiferroelectric ceramics are a promising energy storage material with high‐power density.
Social jetlag and quality of life among nursing students: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Chang Sun Ju , Jang Sun Joo 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAimsTo investigate chronotype categories and social jetlag among nursing students and to identify associations between rhythm asynchrony and participants’ physical and psychological health, academic performance and quality of life.BackgroundSocial jetlag refers to the asynchrony between chronotypes and social working hours, resulting in a misalignment of biological and social time. Recent studies have reported possible changes in psychosocial functioning owing to social jetlag. Therefore, the present study investigated chronotypes and the extent of social jetlag among nursing students.DesignA cross‐sectional study was conducted in 2015 with a sample of 346 nursing students in two universities in Korea.MethodsSocial jetlag and quality of life were measured with the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire and the abbreviated version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale, respectively, in the year 2015. Data analysis was mainly based on a multiple regression to identify social jetlag's influence on students’ quality of life.ResultsAverage social jetlag was 1 hr ‐ 36 min. Social jetlag was negatively correlated with chronotype, academic performance and quality of life. A multiple regression analysis revealed that social jetlag, a positive emotional state, recovery resilience and depressive symptoms affected students’ quality of life. These variables accounted for 41.7% of the variance in quality of life.ConclusionsResults suggest that decreases in social jetlag and depressive symptoms, as well as increases in the positive emotional state and recovery resilience, enhance students’ quality of life.
Effectiveness of clicker‐assisted teaching in improving the critical thinking of adolescent learners
Authors: Ghanaat Pisheh Etrat AlZahra , NejatyJahromy Yaser , Gargari Rahim Badri , Hashemi Touraj , Fathi‐Azar Eskandar 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe effect of the implementation of student response systems (SRSs) in teaching on the critical thinking (CT) of young students was investigated. The study benefited from a quasi‐experimental design and a pretest/posttest set‐up. Subjects consisted of 156 K‐8 students in Tehran during 2016–2017, selected through a multistage cluster sampling, and randomly assigned to either the experimental group (EG) or the control group (CG). The regular curriculum of the students contained a weekly session of a course titled “Thinking and Lifestyle.” Ten sessions of the course were conducted using SRS (aka clickers) for EG, whereas CG kept receiving the same content in the conventional form. The teaching period was followed by the posttest. ANCOVA showed that, in contrast with CG, EG scored significantly higher on CT test after the intervention. The effect was shown to be only significant for the students at the lower side of the performance spectrum. Thus, in this inaugural study of clickers in schools in Iran, it was empirically demonstrated that clickers, as a relatively new piece of technology, can be successfully utilized during early adolescence in the pedagogical strategies in general and for the improvement of CT of students in particular.
Outcomes of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ablation studies are affected more by study design and patient mix than ablation technique
Authors: Ferreira‐Martins João , Howard James , Al‐Khayatt Becker , Shalhoub Joseph , Sohaib Afzal , Shun‐Shin Matthew J. , Novak Paul G. , Leather Rick , Sterns Laurence D. , Lane Christopher , Lim Phang Boon , Kanagaratnam Prapa , Peters Nicholas S. , Francis Darrel P. , Sikkel Markus B. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveWe tested whether ablation methodology and study design can explain the varying outcomes in terms of atrial fibrillation (AF)‐free survival at 1 year.BackgroundThere have been numerous paroxysmal AF ablation trials, which are heterogeneous in their use of different ablation techniques and study design. A useful approach to understanding how these factors influence outcome is to dismantle the trials into individual arms and reconstitute them as a large meta‐regression.MethodsData were collected from 66 studies (6941 patients). With freedom from AF as the dependent variable, we performed meta‐regression using the individual study arm as the unit.ResultsSuccess rates did not change regardless of the technique used to produce pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). Neither was adjunctive lesion sets associated with any improvement in outcome. Studies that included more males and fewer hypertensive patients were found more likely to report better outcomes. The electrocardiography method selected to assess outcome also plays an important role. Outcomes were worse in studies that used regular telemonitoring (by 23%; P < 0.001) or in patients who had implantable loop recorders (by 21%;
P = 0.006), rather than those with the less thorough periodic Holter monitoring.ConclusionsOutcomes of AF ablation studies involving PVI are not affected by the technologies used to produce PVI. Neither do adjunctive lesion sets change the outcome. Achieving high success rates in these studies appears to be dependent more on patient mix and on the thoroughness of AF detection protocols. These should be carefully considered when quoting the success rates of AF ablation procedures that are derived from such studies.
Abnormal repolarization: A common electrocardiographic finding in patients with epilepsy
Authors: Hayashi Katsuhide , Kohno Ritsuko , Akamatsu Naoki , Benditt David G. , Abe Haruhiko 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundRecently, certain forms of early repolarization (ER) on electrocardiograms (ECGs) have been considered a possible marker of increased sudden cardiac death risk. The frequency, characteristics, and clinical follow‐up with which these forms of ER are present in epilepsy patients, and whether or not abnormal ER contributes to sudden unexplained death in epilepsy patients (SUDEP) is unknown.Methods and ResultsThe amplitude of J peak and ST‐segment morphology after ER on 12‐lead ECGs were assessed in 354 epilepsy patients (age, 33 ± 16 years; 54% men) and 140 age‐ and sex‐matched control subjects (age, 31 ± 12 years; 50% men). Abnormal ER prevalence (J‐wave amplitude ≥0.1 mV) was greater in epilepsy patients (19.8%) compared with controls (8.6%; P = 0.002) in inferior ECG leads but not in lateral leads (
P = 0.40). ER with a horizontal or descending ST segment was also more prevalent in epilepsy patients (
P < 0.001). After introducing antiepileptic drugs in 36 epilepsy patients, there were no significant ER changes. Similarly, in 64 epilepsy patients with seizure suppression, ER comparison before and after seizure control revealed no significant changes. Male gender was the only significant predictor of abnormal ER in epilepsy patients (
P = 0.03). During a median follow‐up of 7 years, SUDEP occurred in two patients, one with abnormal ER.ConclusionsAbnormal ER may be more prevalent in epilepsy patients than in controls and is not altered by antiepileptic drugs or achievement of epilepsy suppression. The relation of abnormal ER to SUDEP remains in need of further study.
Feasibility of subcutaneous implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator implantation with opioid sparing truncal plane blocks and deep sedation
Authors: Miller Marc A. , Garg Jalaj , Salter Benjamin , Brouwer Thomas F. , Mittnacht Alex J. , Montgomery Morgan L. , Honikman Rafael , Arkonac Derya E. , Choudry Subbarao , Dukkipati Srinivas R. , Reddy Vivek Y. , Weiner Menachem M. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIntroductionThe subcutaneous implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (S‐ICD) is most commonly implanted under general anesthesia (GA), due to the intraoperative discomfort associated with tunneling and dissection. Postoperative pain can be substantial and is often managed with opioids. There is a growing interest in transitioning away from the routine use of GA during S‐ICD implantation, while also controlling perioperative discomfort without the use of narcotics. As such, we assessed the feasibility of a multimodal analgesia regimen that included regional anesthesia techniques in patients undergoing S‐ICD implantation.Methods and ResultsTwenty patients received truncal plane block (TBL) immediately before S‐ICD implantation. The first 10 patients were implanted under general anesthesia (GA + TBL), and the next 10 patients were implanted under deep sedation (DS + TBL). Additionally, the DS + TBL patients were also prescribed a structured regimen of nonopioid analgesics in the perioperative period. Opioid consumption was calculated as milligram morphine equivalents (MME). In‐hospital opioid consumption was significantly lower in the patients implanted with DS + TBL (MME = 0) as compared with patients receiving GA + TBL (MME = 60; P = 0.004).ConclusionsSubcutaneous ICD implantation with anesthesia‐delivered DS and a multimodal anesthetic regimen that includes TBL is feasible and associated with significantly less perioperative opioid consumption.
Optimization of Maca polysaccharide extraction process and its chemo‐protective effects on cyclophosphamide‐induced mice
Authors: Wang Chengxiao , Xu Lei , Huang Luqi , Li XinRui , Han Wei , Liu Diqiu , Cui Xiuming , Yang Ye 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn this study, the extraction process of Maca polysaccharide (LMP) was deeply studied and its chemo‐protective effects on Cyclophosphamide (Cy)‐induced mice were evaluated. By single factor investigation and response surface methodology optimization, it was found that the liquid‐to‐solid ratio, extraction time, and extraction temperature were the main factors which affected the extraction yield of LMP. The optimum extraction process was obtained by Box–Behnken design combined with response surface methodology. It was found that, at the condition of liquid‐to‐solid ratio of 30:1; extraction time of 2.3 hr; and extraction temperature of 90°C, the yield of the LMP could reach 46.56%. Furthermore, by oral administration of LMP, the cyclophosphamide‐induced mice showed the proliferation of lymphocyte and the phagocytic capacity of macrophages’ enhancements. The number of white blood cell, red blood cell, and platelets in the peripheral blood were up‐regulated; the spleen total superoxide dismutase, Catalase, and Glutathione‐peroxidase activities were enhanced, while the Serum malondialdehyde and Triacylglycerols content was reduced. Therefore, our work provided an effective way for extraction of LMP and demonstrated the chemo‐protective effects of LMP on the animal level.Practical applicationNatural polysaccharides from functional food sources are widely accepted for their bioactive activities. As extraction conditions significantly affected the quality and yield of polysaccharides, the effective extraction process for polysaccharides should be systematically investigated. In the current work, the optimum conditions for polysaccharides extraction from Maca (Lepidium meyenii Walp.) (LMP) were obtained using liquid‐to‐solid ratio of 30:1 for 2.3 hr at 90°C. The Mass characterization and Monosaccharide Composition of LMP were also determined. Furthermore, the extracted LMP exhibited well Chemo‐protective activities on Cyclophosphamide‐induced mice. Therefore, our work showed the potential applications of Maca polysaccharides as the easily accessible source of natural immunopotentiating agents in function food and pharmaceutical industry.
Spontaneous retroperitoneal liposarcoma in a free‐ranging juvenile golden‐headed lion tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysomelas)
Authors: Díaz‐Delgado Josué , Molina Camila V. , Catão‐Dias José L. , Kierulff Maria C. M. , Pissinatti Alcides , Bueno Marina G. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractMalignant adipocytic neoplasia is rare among nonhuman primates. We report the gross and microscopic features of a retroperitoneal liposarcoma with myxofibrosarcoma‐like dedifferentiation in a free‐ranging juvenile golden‐headed lion tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysomelas). To our knowledge, this is the first report of such tumor subtype in New World primates.
Changing from 12‐hr to 8‐hr day shifts: A qualitative exploration of effects on organising nursing care and staffing
Authors: Baillie Lesley , Thomas Nicola 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAims and objectivesTo investigate (a) How nursing care is organised on wards where nursing staff work different lengths of day shifts, and (b) How length of day shift affects the staffing of wards.BackgroundTwelve‐hour shifts have become increasingly common worldwide but there are concerns about impact on care quality and safety. Eight‐hour shifts, and how day shift length affects how nurses organise their work, and staffing, have been little studied.DesignCase study.MethodsThe setting was two older people's wards in an acute hospital in England. Nursing staff on one ward continued to work 12‐hr day shifts; staff on the other ward worked 8 hr late and early day shifts, with an afternoon overlap, for 6 months. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 22 nursing staff. Semi‐structured observations were conducted from 12–15.00 (5 × 3 hr episodes on each ward). Data analysis was conducted using the Framework approach.ResultsTheme 1: Organising nursing care and staff activities, (sub‐themes: Care delivery across a 12 hr shift; Care delivery on early and late 8 hr shifts; Staff communication and documentation; Staff breaks; Teaching, supervision and staff development); Theme 2: Staffing wards with different length of day shift (sub‐themes:: Adequacy of staffing and use of temporary staff; Recruitment and retention of staff after introducing 8 hr shifts).ConclusionNursing staff organised care on 8‐hr shifts similarly to 12‐hr shifts but then felt dissatisfied with their care delivery and handovers. Nursing staff on both wards approached care in a task‐focused way. There were concerns that adopting an 8‐hr shift pattern negatively affected recruitment and retention.Relevance to clinical practiceChanging from 12 hr to 8 hr day shifts may affect nursing staff satisfaction with their care delivery and handovers, and have a negative effect on staffing wards.
Everyday life and mastocytosis from a patient perspective—a qualitative study
Authors: Jensen Britt , Broesby‐Olsen Sigurd , Bindslev‐Jensen Carsten , Nielsen Dorthe S. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAimTo investigate and gain knowledge about patients’ perspectives on everyday life with mastocytosis and how they experience, understand and manage symptoms and challenges.BackgroundIndolent systemic mastocytosis (ISM) is a disease characterised by the accumulation and activation of mast cells. Symptoms are diverse and range from mild to severely debilitating or even fatal. It is considered rare but is underdiagnosed due to lack of awareness. Quantitative studies have shown that ISM can negatively impact quality of life. No qualitative studies have described everyday life with the disease.DesignA qualitative interview study taking a phenomenological approach.MethodsSeven qualitative, semi‐structured interviews with adult patients with ISM. The analysis was inspired by Giorgi's phenomenological method. COREQ reporting guidelines were used.ResultsThree themes and five subthemes emerged from the analysis. (a) The everyday life with a rare disease, unknown to most people. Being perceived as a hypochondriac in the encounter with the health system. The diagnosis makes a difference. Expert knowledge is important. (b) Living with and handling the invisible and visible symptoms. The visible body. (c) Fearing an attack. Feeling safe and vulnerable at the same time.ConclusionPatients with ISM are severely affected in their everyday lives, especially in terms of their relationship with family and social network. Symptoms restrict and complicate activities and participation in social contexts, and the fear of an anaphylactic attack is always present. The disease affects patients’ self‐perception and sexuality. The rarity of the disease and general low awareness seems to be of great importance in the encounter with the healthcare system, both before and after diagnosis, and there is a need for expert knowledge, support and care.Relevance for clinical practiceThe focus of counselling should not only be on the disease itself, but also on living life with the disease.
Manual removal of placenta in women having unpredictable adherent placenta
Authors: Furukawa Seishi , Fujisaki Midori , Maki Yohei , Oohashi Masanao , Doi Koutarou , Sameshima Hiroshi 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAimOur aim is to provide expected outcomes for undergoing manual removal of placenta (MROP) following vaginal delivery in women having an unpredictable adherent placenta (AP).MethodsThe data were obtained from four hospitals in Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan. We used propensity score‐matched (1:1) analysis to match women who underwent MROP with women who did not undergo MROP (control). Total blood loss and hemorrhagic rate used as a ratio of women who reached a certain amount of blood loss were compared. Subgroup analysis was undertaken and was dependent on the presence of AP. We found the cut‐off value of blood loss for detecting AP.ResultsThirty‐seven MROP cases were identified. Total blood loss and hemorrhagic rate differed significantly between MROP cases and controls; 95% of controls had blood loss of 1000 mL or less, whereas for the MROP cases, it was 14%. Fourteen MROP cases were diagnosed with AP. The hemorrhagic rate differed significantly between MROP cases with and without AP (n = 19); 79% of MROP cases without AP had blood loss of 2000 mL or less, whereas for the MROP cases with AP, it was 7%. There were seven incidents of hysterectomy and two of arterial embolization in MROP cases with AP. Through receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, 2035 mL of blood loss was determined to be the optimal cut‐off value for detecting AP.ConclusionThe incidence of unpredictable AP in MROP cases was as high as 38%. The morbidity of MROP cases with unpredictable AP was severe. MROP should be prohibited in the absence of appropriate hemostatic preparations.
First trimester screening for preterm and term pre‐eclampsia by maternal characteristics and biophysical markers in a low‐risk population
Authors: Sepúlveda‐Martínez Alvaro , Rencoret Gustavo , Silva María C. , Ahumada Paz , Pedraza Daniel , Muñoz Hernán , Valdés Enrique , Parra‐Cordero Mauro 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAimTo develop a combined predictive model for preterm and term pre‐eclampsia (PE) during the first trimester of pregnancy.MethodsThis investigation was a nested case–control study in singleton pregnancies at the Maternal‐Fetal Medicine Unit, University of Chile Hospital. A priori risks for preterm and term PE were calculated by multivariate logistic regression analyses. Biophysical markers were log10‐transformed and expressed as multiples of the median. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to estimate a combined predictive model of preterm and term PE. Detection rates at different cut‐off points were determined by a receiver operator curve analysis of a posteriori risks.ResultsFirst trimester mean arterial pressure and uterine artery Doppler pulsatility index were significantly higher in women who develop PE than in the unaffected group. The detection rate of preterm PE based on maternal characteristics and biophysical markers was 72% at a 10% false‐positive rate, corresponding to a cut‐off risk of 1 in 50. The detection rate for term PE was 30% at a 10% false‐positive rate.ConclusionPreterm PE can be predicted by a combination of maternal characteristics and biophysical markers. However, first trimester screening is less valuable for term PE.
Multicenter Measurements of T1 Relaxation and Diffusion Tensor Imaging: Intra and Intersite Reproducibility
Authors: Vavasour Irene M. , Meyers Sandra M. , Mädler Burkhard , Harris Trudy , Fu Eric , Li David K.B. , Traboulsee Anthony , MacKay Alex L. , Laule Cornelia 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEQuantitative T1 and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) may provide information about pathological changes underlying disability and progression in diseases like multiple sclerosis (MS). Imaging the corpus callosum (CC), a primary site of damage in MS with a critical role in interhemispheric connectivity, may be useful for assessing overall brain health, prognosis, and therapy efficacy. We assessed the feasibility of multisite clinical trials using advanced MRI by examining the intra and intersite reproducibility of T1 and DTI measurements in the CC and segmented white matter (WM).METHODSFive healthy volunteers were scanned twice within 24 hours at six 3T sites. Coefficients of variation (COVs) and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for CC and WM T1, fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (Dax), and radial diffusivity (Drad) assessed intrasite and intersite reliability.RESULTSCC and WM T1 showed excellent intrasite reproducibility with low COVs (mean = .90% and .89%, respectively) and good ICCs (CC = .78, WM = .90). T1 also demonstrated intersite reliability (low COVs: CC = 2.4%, WM = 1.8%; moderate ICCs: CC = .43, WM = .69). DTI had low intrasite COVs (CC: FA = 1.3%, MD = 1.5%, Dax = 1.4%, Drad = 2.2%; WM: FA = .9%, MD = .9%, Dax = .7%, Drad = 1.2%) and high intrasite ICCs (CC: FA = .95, MD = .97, Dax = .94, Drad = .97; CC: FA = .9, MD = .66, Dax = .88, Drad = .63), indicating excellent intrasite reproducibility. DTI also showed excellent intersite reliability with low COVs (CC: FA = 2.1%, MD = 4.1%, Dax = 3.4%, Drad = 5.3%, WM: FA = 1.3%, MD = 1.9%, Dax = 1.8%, Drad = 2.1%,) and good ICCs (CC: FA = .90, MD = .84, Dax = .72, Drad = .90; WM: FA = .83, MD = .34, Dax = .62, Drad = .41).CONCLUSIONST1 and DTI measures are reproducible using equivalent MRI scanners and sequence protocols. Using a similar MR system, it is feasible to carry out multicenter studies using T1 and DTI to evaluate changes within the CC and WM.