bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evolution of plasticity in response to ethanol between sister species with different ecological histories (Drosophila melanogaster and D. simulans)
Authors: Signor Sarah A. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe contribution of phenotypic plasticity to adaptation is contentious, with contradictory empirical support for its role in evolution. Here I investigate the possibility that phenotype plasticity has contributed to adaptation to a novel resource. If phenotype plasticity contributes to adaptation, it is thought to evolve in a process termed genetic accommodation. Under this model, the initial response to the environment is widely variable due to cryptic genetic variation, which is then refined by selection to a single adaptive response. I examine the role of phenotypic plasticity in adaptation here by comparing two species of Drosophila that differ in their adaptation to ethanol (Drosophila melanogaster and D. simulans). Both species are human commensals with a recent cosmopolitan expansion, but only D. melanogaster is adapted to ethanol exposure. I measure phenotype plasticity in response to ethanol with gene expression and an approach that combines information about expression and alternative splicing. I find evidence for adaptation to ethanol through genetic accommodation, suggesting that the evolution of phenotype plasticity contributed to the ability of D. melanogaster to exploit a novel resource. I also find evidence that alternative splicing may be more important for the adaptive response to ethanol than overall changes in exon expression.
The splicing regulator Prp31 prevents retinal degeneration inDrosophilaby regulating Rhodopsin levels
Authors: Lehmann Malte , Hebbar Sarita , Sarah Behrens , Leng Weihua , Yuan Michaela , Winkler Sylke , Knust Elisabeth 
Published: August 2018

AbstractRetinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a clinically heterogeneous disease affecting 1.6 million people worldwide. The second-largest group of genes causing autosomal dominant RP in human encodes regulators of the splicing machinery, but the molecular consequences that link defects in splicing factor genes to the aetiology of the disease remain to be elucidated. Mutations in PRPF31, one of the splicing factors, are linked to RP11. To get insight into the mechanisms by which mutations in this gene lead to retinal degeneration, we induced mutations in theDrosophilaorthologuePrp31. Flies heterozygous mutant forPrp31are viable and develop normal eyes and retina. However, photoreceptors degenerate under light stress, thus resembling the human disease phenotype.Prp31mutant flies show a high degree of phenotypic variability, similar as reported for human RP11 patients. Degeneration is associated with increased accumulation of rhodopsin 1, both in the rhabdomere and in the cell body. In fact, reducing rhodopsin levels by raising animals in a carotenoid-free medium not only suppressed rhodopsin accumulation, but also retinal degeneration. In addition, our results underscore the relevance of eye color mutations on phenotypic traits, in particular whilst studying a complex process such as retinal degeneration.Article SummaryRetinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a human disease affecting 1.6 million people worldwide. So far >50 genes have been identified that are causally related to RP. Mutations in the splicing factor PRPF31 are linked to RP11. We induced mutations in theDrosophilaorthologuePrp31and show that flies heterozygous forPrp31undergo light-dependent retinal degeneration. Degeneration is associated with increased accumulation of the light-sensitive molecule, rhodopsin 1. In fact, reducing rhodopsin levels by dietary intervention suppressed retinal degeneration. We believe that this model will help to better understand the aetiology of the human disease.
The crossover function of MutSγ is activated via Cdc7-dependent stabilization of Msh4
Authors: He Wei , Prasada Rao H.B.D. , Tang Shangming , Bhagwat Nikhil , Kulkarni Dhananjaya S. , Chang Maria A.W. , Hall Christie , Singh Lepakshi , Chen Xiangyu , Hollingsworth Nancy M. , Cejka Petr , Hunter Neil 
Published: August 2018

SUMMARYThe MutSγ complex, Msh4-Msh5, binds DNA joint-molecule (JM) intermediates during homologous recombination to promote crossing over and accurate chromosome segregation at the first division of meiosis. MutSγ facilitates the formation and biased resolution of crossover-specific JM intermediates called double Holliday junctions. Here we show that these activities are governed by regulated proteasomal degradation. MutSγ is initially inactive for crossing over due to an N-terminal degron on Msh4 that renders it unstable. Activation of MutSγ requires the Dbf4-dependent kinase, Cdc7 (DDK), which directly phosphorylates and thereby neutralizes the Msh4 degron. Phosphorylated Msh4 is chromatin bound and requires DNA strand exchange and chromosome synapsis, implying that DDK specifically targets MutSγ that has already bound nascent JMs. Our study establishes regulated protein degradation as a fundamental mechanism underlying meiotic crossover control.
A striatal interneuron circuit for continuous target pursuit
Authors: Kim Namsoo , Li Haofang E. , Hughes Ryan N. , Watson Glenn D. R. , Gallegos David , West Anne E. , Kim Il Hwan , Yin Henry H. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractMost adaptive behaviors require precise tracking of targets in space. In pursuit behavior with a moving target, mice use distance to target to guide their own movement continuously. Here we show that in the sensorimotor striatum, parvalbumin-positive fast-spiking interneurons (FSIs) can represent the distance between self and target during pursuit behavior, while striatal projection neurons (SPNs), which receive FSI projections, can represent self-velocity. FSIs are shown to regulate velocity-related SPN activity during pursuit, so that movement velocity is continuously modulated by distance to target. Moreover, bidirectional manipulation of FSI activity can selectively disrupt performance by increasing or decreasing the self-target distance. Our results reveal a key role of the FSI-SPN interneuron circuit in pursuit behavior, and elucidate how this circuit implements distance to velocity transformation required for the critical underlying computation.
Extensive Diversity of RNA Viruses in Australian Ticks
Authors: Harvey Erin , Rose Karrie , Edena John-Sebastian , Lo Nathan , Abeyasuriya Thilanka , Shi Mang , Doggett Stephen L. , Holmes Edward C. 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTUnderstanding the microbiome of ticks in Australia is of considerable interest given the ongoing debate over whether Lyme disease, and its causative agent the bacteriumBorrelia burgdorferisenso lato, are present in Australia. The diversity of bacteria infecting Australian ticks has been the subject of a number of studies using both culture and metagenomics based techniques. However, little is known about the virome of Australian ticks, including those that may have the potential to infect mammalian species. We used a meta-transcriptomics approach to reveal the viral diversity within Australian ticks collected from two locations on the central-east coast of Australia, including metropolitan Sydney. From this we identified 19 novel species of RNA virus belonging to 10 families, as well as one previously described RNA virus. The majority of these viruses clustered phylogenetically with arthropod-associated viruses suggesting that they do not utilize mammalian hosts. However, two novel viruses discovered in ticks feeding on bandicoot marsupials clustered closely within the mammalian associatedHepacivirusandPestivirusgenera (Flaviviridae). Notably, another bandicoot tick yielded a novelColtivirus(Reoviridae) – a group of largely tick-associated viruses containing the known human pathogen Colorado tick fever virus and its relative Eyach virus. Importantly, our transcriptomic data provided no evidence for the presence ofB. burgdorferis.l.. in any tick sample, providing further evidence against the presence of Lyme Disease in Australia. In sum, this study reveals that Australian ticks harbor a diverse virome, including some viruses that merit additional screening in the context of emerging infectious disease.IMPORTANCEEach year a growing number of individuals along the east coast of Australia experience debilitating disease following tick bites. As there is no evidence for the presence of the causative agent of Lyme disease,Borrelia Burgdorferiseno lato, in Australian ticks, the etiological basis of this disease syndrome remains controversial. To characterize the viruses associated with Australian ticks, particularly those that might be associated with mammalian infection, we performed unbiased RNA sequencing on 146 ticks collected across two locations along the coast of New South Wales, Australia. This revealed 19 novel RNA viruses from a diverse set of families. Notably, three of these viruses were related to known mammalian viruses, including one that fell within the genusColtivirusand related to the human pathogen, Colorado tick fever virus.
Out with the old and in with the new: The role of intolerance of uncertainty in reversal of threat and safety
Authors: Morriss Jayne , Saldarini Francesco , Chapman Catherine , Pollard Miriam , Reekum Carien M. van 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe ability to learn and reverse threat associations is crucial for survival. The extent to which old threat associations are inhibited and new threat associations are formed may depend on sensitivity to future threat uncertainty. To assess the extent to which Intolerance of Uncertainty (IU) predicts threat learning and reversal, we recorded expectancy ratings and skin conductance in 44 healthy participants during an associative learning paradigm, where threat and safety contingencies were reversed. During acquisition and reversal, we observed larger SCR magnitude and expectancy ratings for threat vs. safety cues. However, during reversal higher IU was associated with larger SCR magnitude to new threat vs. new safety cues, compared to lower IU. These results were specific to IU-related variance, over shared variance with trait anxiety (STAIX-2). Overall, these findings suggest that individuals high in IU are able to reverse threat and safety associations in the presence of direct threat. Such findings help us understand the recently revealed link between IU and threat extinction, where direct threat is absent. Moreover, these findings highlight the potential relevance of IU in clinical intervention and treatment for anxiety disorders.
Fndc3a (Fibronectin Domain Containing Protein 3A) influences median fin fold development and caudal fin regeneration in zebrafish by ECM alteration
Authors: Liedtke Daniel , Orth Melanie , Meissler Michelle , Geuer Sinje , Knaup Sabine , Köblitz Isabell , Klopocki Eva 
Published: August 2018

Summary statementWe investigated potential functions of Fndc3a during caudal fin development and regeneration in zebrafish. Reduced function interferes with correct epidermal cells structure and implies a role during vertebrate extremity development.AbstractInherited genetic alterations are often found to be disease-causing factors of patient phenotypes. To unravel the molecular consequences of newly identified factors functional investigationsin vivoare eminent. We investigated molecular functions of FNDC3A (Fibronectin Domain Containing Protein 3A; HUGO), a novel candidate gene for split-hand/foot malformations (SHFM) in humans, by utilizing zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a vertebrate model. Patients with congenital SHFM display prominent limb malformations, which are caused by disturbance of limb development due to defects in apical ectodermal ridge (AER) establishment and maintenance. Initial gene expression and protein localization studies clarified the presence of fndc3a in developing and regenerating fins of zebrafish. For functional studies we established a hypomorphic fndc3a mutant line (fndc3awue1/wue1) via CRISPR/Cas9, exhibiting phenotypic malformations and changed gene expression patterns during early stages of median fin fold development. Furthermore,fndc3awue1/wue1mutants display abnormal collagen localization, actinotrichia breakup and cellular defects in epidermal cells during caudal fin development. The observed effects are only temporary and later result in rather normal fin development in adults. In accordance with early fin development, proper caudal fin regeneration in adultfndc3awue1/wue1mutants is hampered by interference with actinotrichia formation and epidermal cell abnormalities. Investigation of cellular matrix formation implied that loss of ECM structure is a common cause for both phenotypes. Our results thereby provide a molecular link between Fndc3a function during both developmental processes in zebrafish and foreshadow Fndc3a as a novel temporal regulator of epidermal cell properties during extremity development in vertebrates.
FUS/TLS undergoes calcium-mediated nuclear egress during excitotoxic stress and is required for Gria2 mRNA processing
Authors: Tischbein Maeve , Baron Desiree M. , Lin Yen-Chen , Gall Katherine V. , Landers John E. , Fallini Claudia , Bosco Daryl A. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractExcitotoxic levels of glutamate represent a physiological stress that is strongly linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and other neurological disorders. Emerging evidence indicates a role for neurodegenerative disease linked RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) in the cellular stress response. However, the relationships between excitotoxicity, RBP function and pathology have not been explored. Here, we found that excitotoxicity induced the translocation of select ALS-linked RBPs from the nucleus to the cytoplasm within neurons. RBPs affected by excitotoxicity include TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) and, most robustly, fused in sarcoma/translocated in liposarcoma (FUS/TLS). FUS translocation occurs through a calcium-dependent mechanism and coincides with striking alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport. Further, glutamate-induced upregulation of Gria2 in neurons was dependent on FUS expression, consistent with a functional role for FUS under excitotoxic stress. These findings reveal a link between prominent factors in neurodegenerative disease, namely excitotoxicity, disease-associated RBPs and nucleocytoplasmic transport.
Domestication and Temperature Modulate Gene Expression Signatures and Growth in the Australasian SnapperChrysophrys Auratus
Authors: Wellenreuther Maren , Luyer Jérémy Le , Cook Denham , Ritchie Peter A. , Bernatchez Louis 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTIdentifying genes and pathways involved in domestication is critical to understand how species change in response to human-induced selection pressures. We experimentally manipulated temperature conditions for F1-hatchery and wild Australasian snapper (Chrysophrys auratus) for 18 days and measured differences in growth, white muscle RNA transcription and haematological blood parameters. Over 2.2 Gb paired-end reads were assembledde novofor a total set of 33,017 transcripts (N50 = 2,804). We found pronounced growth and gene expression differences between wild and domesticated individuals related to global developmental and immune pathways. Temperature modulated growth responses were linked to major pathways affecting metabolism, cell regulation and signalling. This study is the first step towards gaining an understanding of the changes occurring in the early stages of domestication, and the mechanisms underlying thermal adaptation and associated growth in poikilothermic vertebrates. Our study further provides the first transcriptome resources for studying biological questions in this non-model fish species.
Language, translation and accounting: towards a critical research agenda
Authors: Evans Lisa 
Published: August 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to increase the awareness of the implications of language translation for accounting standard setting, education and research, and to work towards a critical research agenda.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on a selective review of recent intercultural accounting research and literature on translation in accounting, of developments in accounting standard setting and on selected insights from translation studies.FindingsTranslation is not a simple technical, but a socio-cultural, subjective and ideological process. In contrast to the translation turn in other disciplines, however, most qualitative and critical accounting research neglects translation as a methodological and epistemological consideration and as a research opportunity.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper proposes themes for a research agenda on translation in accounting.Originality/valueThe paper identifies opportunities for further and deeper investigations of translation in accounting regulation, education and research. Particular emphasis is given to the implication of translation in accounting research that is grounded in interpretivist and constructivist paradigms, where translation is inextricably linked with data analysis and interpretation and may inadvertently reproduce cultural hegemonies.
Hygienic design of a unit for supercritical fluid drying – case study
Authors: Djekic Ilija , Tomic Nikola , Smigic Nada , Udovicki Bozidar , Hofland Gerard , Rajkovic Andreja 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the hygienic design of a scalable unit for supercritical carbon dioxide drying of food.

Design/methodology/approach
For the purpose of this study, a checklist has been developed, covering requirements from sanitary standards and industry-tailored guidelines. Beyond hygienic design, failure mode and effects analysis of the results were performed to assess the potential food safety risks that may arise from failures to hygienic design requirements.

Findings
The overall score of the hygienic design was 46 percent. This kind of evaluation revealed two types of nonconformities. The first type was related to inadequate sanitary procedures. The second type was associated to design failures.

Research limitations/implications
The highest risk was designated to problems related to cleaning and sanitation followed by risks associated with the formation of dead zones and biofilms.

Practical implications
This study provides valuable insight to engineers and food technologists on hygienic design issues.

Originality/value
Application of a similar methodology was used for evaluating hygienic design of other non-thermal food technologies.
How to best promote my product? Comparing the effectiveness of sensory, functional and symbolic advertising content in food marketing
Authors: Haase Janina , Wiedmann Klaus-Peter , Bettels Jannick , Labenz Franziska 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
Advertising is one of the most important components of food marketing. However, there is uncertainty over the optimal means of convincing consumers to buy a product. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effectiveness of advertising content comprising text (sensory, functional and symbolic messages) and pictures (product image) on food product evaluation.

Design/methodology/approach
Two online experiments investigating strawberry advertisements were performed. Study 1 incorporated only text, whereas study 2 investigated combinations of text and pictures. Analyses of variance were conducted to determine any significant differences among the three texts (sensory, functional and symbolic) and among the combinations of text and pictures.

Findings
Study 1 revealed no significant differences. All three texts were well received, which shows the relevance of all the product benefits – sensory, functional and symbolic – for food products. In contrast, study 2 identified significant differences. The data analysis indicated that advertising effectiveness increases with the complementarity of the text and picture. Notably, the combination of the product picture and symbolic text was scored the highest for effectiveness.

Originality/value
The findings provide new insights into advertising design that food firms can use to enhance consumer product evaluations in terms of expected taste, perceived experience and quality, overall attitude and purchase intention. Further, the results contribute to the research stream of food product benefits by highlighting the relevance of sensory, functional and symbolic design elements.
Development of competences for teppanyaki chefs in food and beverage education
Authors: Shyr Wen-Jye , Pan Ya-Ling , Huang Chin-Chung , Chang Shu-Hsuan 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to focus on the development of competences for use by professional teppanyaki chefs in food and beverage education in Taiwan.

Design/methodology/approach
The research methodology includes the Delphi technique and incorporates interviews with three types of experts: instructors from culinary departments at a university, seasoned teppanyaki professionals and owners of teppanyaki establishments. An analysis of the responses provided by these industry experts led to identification of four dimensions of competences needed by teppanyaki chefs: knowledge, technique, affect and attitude. The K-S test involves using a z-test on ordinal variables for single samples to determine whether the sample distribution diverges from the frequency distribution. The z-score is greater than 1.96 which implies significance and consistency.

Findings
This study analyzed the responses provided by the interviewed experts to identify and extract competences for teppanyaki chefs. The extracted competences comprise four dimensions (knowledge, technique, affect and attitude), 16 work-related tasks and 74 skills items.

Originality/value
This study includes 16 work-related tasks, and 74 competences. The study recommends the establishment of an organization for competence certification to act as the authority for teppanyaki skill certification. Such an organization could utilize the results from this study as a reference, as could culinary departments at vocational institutes as well as other teppanyaki training courses offered in Taiwan.
The attributes of leftovers and higher-order personal values
Authors: Andrews Lynda , Kerr Gayle , Pearson David , Mirosa Miranda 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the inter-relationships between peoples’ perceptions of the attributes of leftover food and how they lead to higher-order values in relation to food waste.

Design/methodology/approach
The method involved an online, text-based, qualitative survey of 112 panel members from a market research firm. The data were examined using thematic analysis and framed using a means-end approach.

Findings
Findings show that leftover foods take on both positive and negative attributes and benefits, as shown in four themes—tasty foods, dangerous foods, images of spoiling and used or second-hand—leading to consequences, identified as creating time, Time to binning and repurposing. Additionally, how individuals in a household speak of themselves based on their higher-order values, termed as states of being, can determine whether such foods are repurposed or consigned to the bin. These states of being are reflected in the three themes: the responsible ones, the virtuous ones and the blameless ones.

Originality/value
This study provides more focussed insights on the interplay between the attributes and benefits of leftovers and how household members position themselves towards these foods, particularly in their transition to waste.