bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediksi Solubilitas (Absorpsi) Gas CO2 dalam Larutan Potasium Karbonat (K2CO3) dan MDEA Menggunakan Simulasi ASPEN
Authors: Kurniati Yuni , Qomariyah Lailatul 
Published: October 2019

Gas karbon dioksida (CO2) merupakan gas asam (acid gas), karena sifatnya yang asam. Karena sifat asamnya ini, CO2 tergolong gas impurities yang sangat merugikan. Kecenderungan proses removal gas CO2 dari gas proses yang banyak diaplikasikan di industri kimia adalah absorpsi CO2 dalam larutan yang disertai reaksi kimia dengan menggunakan pelarut potasium karbonat (K2CO3) dengan penambahan amine sebagai promotor. Salah satu amine yang umum digunakan dalam industri kimia yaitu MDEA, dimana dikenal dengan proses Benfield. Data kesetimbangan fase uap-cair sistem CO2-K2CO3-MDEA-H2O dibutuhkan untuk perancangan yang rasional dan operasi yang optimal dari unit CO2 removal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memprediksi data solubilitas gas CO2 di dalam larutan potasium karbonat dengan promotor MDEA pada tekanan 1 atm serta komposisi K2CO3- MDEA yaitu 30% massa K2CO3–2% massa MDEA pada temperatur 30, 50 dan 70oC dengan menggunakan model elektrolit-NRTL. Perhitungan ini menggunakan program ASPEN PLUS V7.3, kemudian selanjutnya digunakan untuk membandingkan hasilnya dengan penelitian terdahulu secara eksperimen dan simulasi menggunakan MATLAB. Hasil prediksi dibandingkan dengan data eksperimen dengan ARD tekanan parsial CO2 22,5%. Pada penelitian ini, kenaikan CO2 loading pada rentang 0,0117-0,0187 menyebabkan kenaikan kelarutan CO2 dan tekanan parsial CO2 sebesar 2-3%. Selain itu, dengan adanya kenaikan temperatur dari 30- 70°C menyebabkan kenaikan tekanan parsial CO2 sebesar 2-3%
Carbon dioxide gas (CO2) is an acid gas, because of its acidic nature. CO2 is classified as a very harmful impurities gas. The tendency of CO2 removal process from process gas which is widely applied in chemical industry is chemical absorption using K2CO3 as solvent and amine as promoter. One of the amines that can be used is MDEA, which is known as Benfield process. The vapor-liquid phase data of the CO2-K2CO3-MDEA- H2O system are required for the rational design and optimal operation of the CO2 removal unit. This study aimed to predict solubility data of CO2 gas in potassium carbonate solution with MDEA promoter at 30% K2CO3-2% MDEA with various temperatures of 30, 50, and 70oC and 1 atm using the Electrolyte Non-Random Two Liquid (ENRTL) model. This calculation used ASPEN PLUS V7.3 program, then subsequently used to compare the results with previous experimental and simulated studies using MATLAB. The predicted results were compared with experimental data with ARD mole fraction CO2 22.5% by CO2 loading 0,0117-0.0187 . In this study, the increase of CO2 loading led to increased CO2 solubility and CO2 partial pressures . The increase in CO2 loading results in increased CO2 solubility and CO2 partial pressure 2-3%. Besides, in temperature rise causes an increase in CO2 partial pressure
Studi Fluidisasi dan Pembakaran Batubara Polydisperse di Dalam Fluidized Bed Berbasis Simulasi CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamic)
Authors: Iswara Mochammad Agung Indra , Nurtono Tantular , Winardi Sugeng 
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui fenomena pembakaran batubara dimana dimensi alat, distribusi ukuran partikel, dan jenis kualitas batubara menggunakan validasi dari penelitian Wang. Penelitian ini mengarahkan pada simulasi berbasis CFD. Kondisi operasi pada saat simulasi pembakaran dilakukan pada kecepatan bubbling. Metode yang digunakan sebelum melakukan simulasi pembakaran merupakan kelanjutan dari simulasi fluidisasi dimana masih menggunakan geometri 2-D fluidized bed lalu dilakukan meshing, selanjutnya memasukkan persamaan energi. Geometri fluidized bed yang digunakan berbentuk tabung dengan panjang silinder fluidized bed 1370 mm, diameter silinder 152 mm. Bahan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini berupa pulverized coal dengan jenis batubara Bituminous dimana ukuran partikel dianggap polydisperse dengan ukuran partikel 1 mm dan 1,86mm yang masing-masing sebesar 50% fraksi massa dengan kecepatan 0,2 Kg/s dan suhu 1200 K, dan udara luar yang diinjeksikan dengan kecepatan 0,8 m/s dan suhu 300 K. Analisa pengambilan data adalah berupa kontur fase padatan, kontur temperatur pada fase-1 dan fase padatan, fraksi massa produk pembakaran, massa padatan awal dan akhir simulasi dengan time step sebesar 0,0001 detik dan number of time step sebesar 300000. Selanjutnya data tersebut diplot menjadi grafik temperatur terhadap time step dan disajikan dalam setiap 1 menit simulasi selama 5 menit simulasi.
This research aims to determine coal combustion’s phenomenon, where the device’s dimension, particle size distribution, and the quality of rank coal which validated Wang’s reseach. This reseach leads on CFD simulation. The operation condition has did in bubbling velocity. This method is a continuation from fluidization simulation which is use 2-D Geometry and then used the meshing method, and enter the energy equation. The geometry of fluidized bed used was tubular cylinder with 1370 mm length and 152 mm. Materials used in this study was pulverized coal with Bituminous coal type which the particle size was considered as monodispers with particle size was 1.43 mm and polydispersed with particle size was 1 mm with 50% mass fraction and 1.86 mm with 50% mass fraction with flow rate 0,2 Kg/s and the temperature is 1200 K, and the outside air are injected in 0,8 m/s and 300 K. The analysis of data retrieval is solid phase contour, temperature contours in phase-1 and solid phase, mass fraction of combustion product, initial solid mass and final solid mass simulation with time step 0,0001 s and the numberof time step 300000. Then the data is plotted into a graph temperature vs time step and presented in 1 minute simulation for 5 minute simulation.
Sintesis Nanoenkapsulasi Ekstrak Kulit Durian dengan Metode Spray Drying dan Aplikasinya sebagai Biopestisida: Review
Authors: Hartini Nina , Richana Syarifatur , Triwibowo Bayu , Qudus Nur , Kusumaningtyas Ratna Dewi 
Published: October 2019

Indonesia sebagai negara agraris, sebagian penduduk Indonesia bermata pencaharian di bidang pertanian. Pada umumnya, masyarakat menggunakan pestisida untuk membasmi hama. Karena tingginya penggunaan pestisida maka WHO (2016) menyatakan kasus keracunan pestisida mencapai 193.000 jiwa selama tahun 2012. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, biopestisida menjadi bahan alternatif pengganti pestisida karena lebih aman dan ramah lingkungan. Salah satu bahan alam yang berpotensi sebagai biopestisida adalah kulit durian. Rata- rata produksi durian setiap tahunnya 780.032,8 ton/tahun. Limbah kulit durian memiliki berat 60-75% dengan kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder relatif tinggi belum termanfaatkan secara maksimal. Senyawa tersebut dimanfaatkan sebagai antioksidan dan antimikroba dalam proses pembasmi hama. Biopestisida yang dikembangkan dengan metode sokletasi menghasilkan ekstrak berbentuk cair. Namun, hasil tersebut kurang efektif dan mudah teroksidasi sehingga menurunkan keefektifitasan kadar bahan aktif. Mengatasi masalah tersebut maka perlu dikembangkan inovasi dengan proses enkapsulasi. Artikel ini me-review pengembangan metode enkapsulasi. Metode yang dapat digunakan untuk enkapsulasi biopestisida yaitu ekstrusi, spray chilling dan spray drying. Metode spray drying lebih berpotensi mengenkapsulasi biopestisida dari kulit durian karena memiliki efisiensi enkapsulan lebih tinggi dan hampir mendekati 100%. Distribusi ukuran partikel yang dihasilkan tergolong nanoenkapsulan.
Indonesia as an agrarian country, most of Indonesia's people work in agriculture. In general, people use pesticides to eradicate pests. Due to the high use of pesticides, WHO (2016) stated the case of pesticide poisoning reach 193,000 in 2012. To solve the problem, Biopesticide as an alternative of synthetic pesticides because it’s more safe and environmentally friendly. One of the natural ingredients that potentially as biopesticide is durian peel. The average durian production per year is 780,032.8 tons/year. Durian peels waste weighs 60-75% with a relatively high contains of secondary metabolite not yet fully utilized. It’s used as antioxidants and antimicrobials in pesticides. Biopesticide is developed by socletation method. However, the results are less effective because it’s easily oxidized, so reduce the flavonoid efectiveness. To solve this problem, to be developed innovation with encapsulation process. This article reviews the development of encapsulation methods. Methods that can be used for biopesticide encapsulation are extrusion, spray chilling and spray drying. Spray drying method is more likely to encapsulate biopesticides because it has higher encapsulation efficiency and is close to 100%. The resulting particle size distribution is classified as nanocapsul.
Pengaruh Kedalaman Anoda pada Metode Contact Glow Discharge Electrolysis (CGDE) dalam Degradasi Pewarna Tekstil Remazol Red
Authors: Suminar Dian Ratna , Saksono Nelson 
Published: October 2019

Limbah pewarna tekstil yang mempunyai komponen utamanya zat pewarna sintesis berbahaya bagi lingkungan sekitar. Pengolahan limbah pewarna tekstil secara fisika dan biologi kurang efektif. Elektrolisis plasma dengan menggunakan metode Contact Glow Discharge Electrolysis (CGDE) merupakan bagian dari pengolahan secara kimiawi, yang efektif dalam mengolah limbah pewarna batik. Parameter kedalaman anoda sangat mempengaruhi dalam proses elektrolisis plasma metode CGDE. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kedalaman anoda terhadap produksi •OH, energi yang digunakan proses degradasi, persen dekolorisasi Remazol Red RB 133, serta mengetahui penurunan konsentrasi COD limbah pewarna batik Remazol Red RB 133. Kedalaman anoda dalam penelitian ini adalah 1,5 cm dimana produksi •OH sebesar 11,63 mmol dan energi proses selama 30 menit adalah 806,4 KJ. Persen dekolorisasi Remazol Red RB 133 pada konsentrasi 250 ppm, terbesar selama 30 menit mencapai 99,66 %, pada kedalaman 4,5 cm dengan energi 1075,212 KJ. Nilai COD limbah pewarna batik Remazol Red RB 133 menurun dari 169 mg/L menjadi 3,6 mg/L setelah proses CGDE selama 180 menit (sesuai dengan baku mutu limbah).
Textile dye waste having the main component of synthetic dye is hazardous to the surrounding environment. Textile dye waste treatment is physically and biologically less effective. Electrolysis plasma that used Contact Glow Discharge Electrolysis (CGDE) method is part of chemical treatment. The anode depth parameters greatly affect the electrolysis CGDE method. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of anode depth on • OH production, the energy used in the degradation process, percent decolorization of Remazol Red RB 133, as well as knowing the decrease in COD concentration of Remazol Red batik dye RB 133. The anode depth in this study is 1.5 cm where the production of OH • 11.63 mmol and the processing energy for 30 minutes is 806.4 KJ. The largest Percentage degradation of Remazol Red RB 133 at concentration 250 ppm is 99,66%, that’s reach at depth 4.5 cm for 30 minutes with energy 1075,212 KJ. COD value has decreased from 169 mg/L to 3,6 mg/L after 180 minutes CGDE process (conform to waste quality standards).
Karakterisasi Biodegradable Foam dari Pati Sagu Termodifikasi dengan Kitosan Sebagai Aditif
Authors: Hendrawati Nanik , Dewi Ernia Novika , Santosa Sandra 
Published: October 2019

Biodegradable foam merupakan kemasan alternatif pengganti styrofoam yang menggunakan bahan baku utama berupa pati sehingga kemasan tersebut dapat terurai secara alami. Namun, produk biodegradable foam yang dihasilkan masih memiliki karakteristik sifat yang rendah. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan konsentrasi kitosan terhadap karakteristik sifat biodegradable foam yang dihasilkan dari pati sagu alami dan termodifikasi menggunakan metode hidrolisis asam – alkohol. Jenis asam yang digunakan pada hidrolisis asam adalah HCl. Konsentrasi kitosan yang ditambahkan pada penelitian ini divariasikan mulai dari 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 % w/w dari pati. Pembuatan biodegradable foam dilakukan menggunakan metode baking process yang dimulai dengan percampuran bahan selain pati sagu termodifikasi, dilakukannya pengadukan hingga campuran menjadi homogen dan mengembang, dan dipanggang didalam oven dengan suhu 125ºC. Analisa pada biodegradable foam adalah analisa daya serap air, analisa kemampuan daya urai dan uji tarik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa modifikasi asam – alkohol pada pati sagu tidak mempengaruhi gugus fungsi. Sifat mekanis biodegradable foam yang terbaik pada penelitian ini diperoleh menggunakan pati sagu termodifikasi HCl dan penambahan kitosan sebesar 20% w/w yang memiliki daya serap 4,95 %, densitas sebesar 1.2 g/m3 kemampuan degradasi sebesar 25.12 % dan kekuatan tarik sebesar 1,27 Mpa
Biodegradable foam is an alternative packaging for styrofoam which uses the main raw material in the form of starch so that the packaging can be decomposed naturally. However, the biodegradable foam products produced still have low characteristics. This research is conducted to determine the effect of the addition of chitosan concentration on the characteristics of biodegradable foam properties produced from natural sago and modified sago starch using acid-alcohol hydrolysis method. The type of acid used in acid hydrolysis is HCl. The concentrations of chitosan added in this study are varied from 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30% w / w of starch. Biodegradable foam production is carried out by using the baking process method which begins with the mixing of ingredients other than modified sago starch, stirring until the mixture becomes homogeneous and expands, and baked in an oven at 125ºC. The caracterisation of biodegradable foam are water absorption analysis, biodegradability analysis, and tensile test. The results show that modification of acid-alcohol on sago starch do not affect the functional group. The best mechanical properties of biodegradable foam in this research are obtained by using HCl-modified sago starch and addition of chitosan by 20% w / w which have an absorption capacity of 4.95%, density of 0.6 g / m3, degradation ability of 25.12% and tensile strength of 1.27 MPa.
L'intérêt du capital de 1914 à 1965 - placements en valeurs mobilières et en or
Authors: Laforest Pierre 
Published: October 2019

La présente note est la mise à jour, au début de 1965, d'études publiées, en 1944 et en 1958, sur l'évolution de la valeur nominale, du pouvoir d'achat et des taux d'intérêts qui en résultent d'un capital placé soit en valeurs mobilières à revenu fixe ou variable, compte tenu de leurs revenus, soit en or.
Dans le cadre des hypothèses retenues, on pourra remarquer que, dans l'ensemble, l'évolution du pouvoir d'achat d'un capital placé en valeurs à revenu fixe n'est devenue quelque peu favorable que depuis 1949. Le placement en or n'a pratiquement jamais été fructueux pendant le demi-siècle étudié. Seules les valeurs à revenu variable semblent avoir produit un revenu réel substantiel pendant quelques périodes. Encore convient-il de souligner que, l'étude ne tenant pas compte, notamment, des impôts perçus sur les revenus des titres, les taux d'intérêt publiés ici sont sensiblement supérieurs à la réalité.
Les salaires dans l'industrie, le commerce et les services en 1964
Authors: Padieu René 
Published: October 2019

Chaque année, l'I.N.S.E.E. reçoit communication des déclarations de salaires souscrites par les employeurs auprès des services des impôts. Les statistiques qui en sont tirées permettent de connaître la répartition de la masse salariale, ainsi que d'apprécier le niveau des salaires individuels en fonction de l'activité économique, de la taille de l'entreprise, de la catégorie socio-professionnelle, de l'âge, du sexe ou de la région. L'étude ci-après constitue donc une mise à jour, pour 1964, des données publiées précédemment (2).
Bien que la méthode d'élaboration de ces statistiques ne se prête pas à la mesure précise des évolutions, on a tenté une comparaison avec les résultats précédents. Il était nécessaire en effet d'expliciter quelque peu l'augmentation (de 7 % environ) du salaire moyen d'ensemble entre 1963 et 1964. La portée d'une telle analyse reste cependant limitée, et ce n'est que sur une période de quelques années que les évolutions se dessinent avec certitude.
Enfin, on a examiné plus particulièrement quatre catégories extrêmes : les bas salaires ; les salariés de moins de vingt ans ; ceux de plus de soixante ; et enfin les cadres supérieurs. L'effectif relativement réduit de ces quatre populations ne permet pas de descendre à un très grand détail d'analyse. Il était intéressant cependant de compléter de la sorte l'étude d'ensemble.
PILOT RESEARCH OF A GENETIC PREDISPOSITION FOR CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF ACUTE INTERMITTENT PORPHYRIA
Authors: Pshenichnikova O. S. , Goncharova M. V. , Pustovoit Y. S. , Karpova I. V. , Surin V. L. 
Published: October 2019

Introduction.Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is the most common and severe form of acute hepatic porphyria. AIP is caused by a deficiency in the third enzyme of the heme biosynthesis system — hydroxymethylbilanine synthase (HMBS) — and has a dominant inheritance type. However, the probability of the clinical manifestation of this condition in carriers of the mutation in the HMBS gene constitutes only 10–20 %. Thi s suggests that the presence of such a mutation can be a necessary but not a sufficient condition for the development of the disease.Aim.To search for additional genetic factors, which determine the clinical penetrance of AIP using Whole-Exome Sequencing.Materials and methods.Sequencing of the whole exome was performed using a TruSeqExomeLibraryPrepkit (Illumina) kit by an Illumina HiSeq4000 instrument for 6 women with API with known mutations in the HMBS gene. All the patients suffered from a severe form of the disease. As a reference, a version of the hg19 human genome was used.Results.No common mutations were found in the examined patients. However, in each patient, functional variations were found in the genes related to detoxification systems, regulation of the heme biosynthesis cascade and expression of delta-aminolevulinic acid synthase (ALAS1) and in genes of proteins regulating nervous system. These variations require further study involving an extended number of patients with AIP manifestations and their relatives, who are asymptomatic carriers of disorders in the gene HMBS.Conclusions.The results obtained have allowed us to formulate a hypothesis about a possible role of genetic defects in the penetrance of AIP, which determine the development of other neurological pathologies. This is evidenced by the presence of gene pathogenic variations in 5 out of 6 examined patients, defects in which are associated with hereditary myasthenia and muscle atrophy.
CHEMOTHERAPY ACCORDING TO THE R-mNHL-BFM-90 PROTOCOL IN COMBINATION WITH LENALIDOMIDE AS THE FIRST LINE THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH MUM1-POSITIVE DIFFUSIVE LARGE B-CELL LYMPHOMA AND FOLLICULAR LYMPHOMA GRADE 3B
Authors: Gabeeva N. G. , Koroleva D. A. , Smolyaninova A. K. , Belyaeva A. V. , Tatarnikova C. A. , Gemdzhian E. G. , Tsygankova S. V. , Bulygina E. S. , Rastorguev S. M. , Nedoluzhko A. V. , Naraikin O. C. , Biderman B. V. , Sudarikov A. B. , Obukhova T. N. , Kovrigina A. M. , Zvonkov E. E. 
Published: October 2019

Introduction.Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of postgerminal origin (ABC-DLBCL) and follicular lymphoma grade 3B (FL3B) are characterised by an aggressive course and resistance to chemotherapy (CT). Both diseases are characterised by the activation of genes of the post-terminal stage of B-cell differentiation and high expression of the MUM1 transcriptional protein. Lenalidomide in combination with R-CHOP improved the results of treatment in patients with ABC-DLBCL; however, about 40 % of them remain resistant to the therapy.Aim.The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of the R-mNHL-BFM-90 protocol with lenalidomide (R2-mNHL-BFM-90), as well as to analyse possible causes of CT resistance in patients with ABC-DLBCL and FL3B.Patients and methods.Over the period from October 2016 to December 2018, 8 patients with MUM1-positive DLBCL and FL3B were included in the research. All patients underwent a cytogenetic study of tumour samples. A mutational status of the TP53 gene was determined by Sanger sequencing.Results.Patients received combination chemotherapy according to the R2-mNHL-BFM-90 protocol with lenalidomide at a dose of 25 mg/day, from the 1st to the 10th day of each course. Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was performed as a consolidation in three patients. After the end of the chemotherapy, a complete remission of the disease was achieved in all patients. Relapse developed in 1 patient with a mutation in the TP53 gene. With a median follow-up period of 11 months (1–23), event-free survival was 87 %.Conclusions. The R2-mNHL-BFM-90 protocol has demonstrated a high efficacy and acceptable toxicity in patients with ABC-DLBCL and FL3B. The presence of a mutation in the TP53 gene is established to be an extremely unfavourable prognostic factor even provided intensive treatment protocols, thus requiring the development of alternative approaches to the management of such patients.
ASSESSMENT OF HLA-COMPATIBILITY AND REQUIREMENTS FOR HLA-TYPING OF PATIENT AND DONOR IN ALLOGENEIC HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION
Authors: Khamaganova E. G. , Kuzmina L. A. 
Published: October 2019

Introduction.Unification of guidelines and standards concerning requirements for HLA typing and assessment of the degree of HLA match between the recipient and the donor for different types of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is of a great importance.Aim.To present contemporary requirements for the HLA typing of a recipient and a donor for allo-HSCT, to generalize recom mendations for assessing a required match degree of a recipient and a donor and to provide data on additional immunogenetic factors capable of improving the results of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.General findings.Allo-HSCT appears to be an effective, and, in some cases, non-alternative treatment for many diseases of the blood system. The number of allo-HSCT types is constantly growing globally. Currently, an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell donor can be selected for almost every recipient having indication for this type of therapy. Such a transplantation can be performed from an HLA-identical sibling, an HLA-match unrelated donor, a partially HLA-match unrelated donor, a relative haploidentical donor or cord blood. HLA match between the recipient and the donor present itself as an important factor affecting the results of allo-HSCT. The choice of a donor should involve a correct assessment the HLA match degree between the recipient and the donor, as well as consideration of additional factors that may affect the results of allo-HSCT.