bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and Evaluation of an Impact-Type Cacao Bean Huller
Authors: Hernando Herald Kam 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The study mainly aimed to develop an impact-type cacao bean hulling machine and evaluate its performance in producing cacao nibs in terms of input capacity, hulling capacity, hulling efficiency, nib recovery, large nib recovery, purity, noise level, and power consumption. The cacao huller was subjected to three varying tangential velocities in the cracking mechanism, specifically at 40m/s, 47m/s, and 54m/s, and using three different volumes of air in the winnowing mechanism with 41m3/hr, 45m3/hr, and 49m3/hr. The data gathered were arranged in a Completely Randomized Design-Two Factorial and comparison among means using Statistical Tool for Agricultural Research (STAR) software. The analysis showed that the tangential speed of the machine significantly affected all parameters except purity and noise level; moreover, the air volume significantly affected the hulling efficiency, nib recovery, large nib recovery, and purity. Impact-type cacao bean huller with 47m/s and 41m3/hr gave the highest input and hulling capacities of 195.60kg/hr and 156.53kg/hr, respectively. Furthermore, the highest hulling efficiency, nib recovery, and large nib recovery of 96.84%, 96.98%, and 86.75%, respectively, were obtained from tangential velocity of 40m/s and volume of air of 41m3/hr. The lowest power consumption and noise level were obtained from the 40m/s and 45m3/hr combination with 3.99kwh and 88.20dB, respectively. Cost analysis showed that the machine was financially feasible with a payback period of 0.24 years and an annual net income of Php410,747.00. When considering mass production of cacao nibs, the most desirable setup of the machine was the combination of 40 m/s tangential velocity and 41 m3/hr volume of air.
Reduced Monocular Accommodation Abilities with Laptop Usage Under Scotopic Ambient Illumination
Authors: Ahmad Azmir , Rosli Saiful Azlan , Ai-Hong Chen , Allinjawi Kareem 
Published: November 2024

Laptops are widely used even in dark scotopic rooms. This study compares monocular accommodation statuses with laptop usage under three illuminations. Thirty university students read on a laptop for 5 minutes under scotopic, mesopic, and photopic conditions. The monocular amplitude of accommodation, accommodation facility, and accommodation error are measured for each illumination. Repeated measure ANOVA shows a significant difference in the amplitude, facility, and error between different illuminations [F (1.49, 43.18) = 10.61, p<0.001], [F (1.65, 36.30) = 6.78, p=0.005] and [F (2, 56) = 3.65, p=0.032]. Scotopic illumination reduces monocular accommodation abilities with laptop usage.
Situación de salud en población migrante atendida por la cruz roja colombiana, 2020
Authors: Gallego Ángela Carmenza , Moreno Benjamín , López Jennifer Alejandra , Bernal Oscar Aníbal 
Published: November 2024

Objective. To describe the prevalence of health events identified by the Colombian Red Cross -CRC- in different points of care during 2020; in humanitarian care directed to migrant and host population, fulfilling the mission of preventing and alleviating human suffering (1). Materials and methods. Descriptive, retrospective cross-sectional study of the population attended with 204,647 consultations made by health professionals, 67.3% (137,698) were women, of whom 80% (30,768) were between 15 and 24 years of age. The databases obtained were processed in the statistical analysis program R Studio version 1.4.1106. Results. The humanitarian crisis generated by the migratory flow and its economic, social and political effects determine deterioration in the health and living conditions of migrant and host populations as an expression of social inequalities. The main pathology in children from 5 to 14 years old was parasitic and respiratory diseases, from 15 to 24 years old was contraceptive counseling and high-risk pregnancy, and in those over 60 years old was arterial hypertension. Conclusions Contribute with analysis of the situation for the migrant and host population before the State and organizations of the Health Cluster, orienting a response to the humanitarian crisis generated by the migratory flow.
Modelo de madurez de procesos aplicado a una entidad pública de servicios de salud en el Perú
Authors: Fernández Bringas Alberto Moisés Ramón , Ramirez García Alejandro Sebastián , Córdova García Ronald Darwin 
Published: November 2024

Objetivo. Evaluar el estado de desarrollo del proceso de atención prehospitalaria y las acciones a seguir para transitar a mejores niveles de desempeño. Materiales y Métodos. La investigación fue cuantitativa, no experimental, de alcance descriptivo y diseño de corte transversal. La recopilación de información consistió en la aplicación de una encuesta a una muestra de trabajadores, empleando la metodología del modelo de madurez de procesos de Hammer. La población fue de 300 colaboradores del proceso atención prehospitalaria. El estudio empleó muestreo por conveniencia con aplicación a un grupo de 32 trabajadores. Resultados. Los facilitadores del proceso atención prehospitalaria: diseño, ejecutores, responsables, infraestructura e indicadores, alcanzaron el nivel cero (P-0), equivalente a un funcionamiento errático con una cultura incipiente de gestión por procesos, situación que genera alta variabilidad y riesgo de no alcanzar los resultados esperados. Conclusiones. La atención prehospitalaria es el proceso misional más importante, puesto que atiende las emergencias médicas. La cultura incipiente en la disciplina de la gestión por procesos ha determinado el nivel cero de madurez, por lo que resulta importante implementar este enfoque de gestión incluyendo la transformación digital a fin de alcanzar mejores niveles de desempeño. La investigación identificó acciones por desarrollar como: la adopción de la gestión por procesos; el fortalecimiento de las capacidades de los ejecutores y responsables; la dotación de mejor infraestructura para los sistemas de información, tecnología y gestión de recursos humanos; la implementación de indicadores de procesos para el seguimiento y mejora de los procesos.
Online Interest in Elf Bar in the United States: Google Health Trends Analysis
Authors: Bhagavathula Akshaya Srikanth , Dobbs Page D 
Published: November 2024

Background
Despite the popularity of JUUL e-cigarettes, other brands (eg, Elf Bar) may be gaining digital attention.

Objective
This study compared Google searches for Elf Bar and JUUL from 2022 to 2023 using Google Health Trends Application Programming Interface data.

Methods
Using an infodemiology approach, we examined weekly trends in Google searches (per 10 million) for “Elf Bar” and “JUUL” at the US national and state levels from January 1, 2022, to December 31, 2023. Joinpoint regression was used to assess statistically significant trends in the search probabilities for “Elf Bar” and “JUUL” during the study period.

Results
Elf Bar had less online interest than JUUL at the beginning of 2022. When the US Food and Drug Administration denied JUUL marketing authority on June 23, 2022, JUUL searches peaked at 2609.3 × 107 and fell to 83.9 × 107 on September 3, 2023. Elf Bar searches surpassed JUUL on July 10, 2022, and steadily increased, reaching 523.2 × 107 on December 4, 2022. Overall, Elf Bar’s weekly search probability increased by 1.6% (95% CI 1.5%-1.7%; P=.05) from January 2022 to December 2023, with the greatest increase between May 29 and June 19, 2022 (87.7%, 95% CI 35.9%-123.9%; P=.001). Elf Bar searches increased after JUUL’s suspension in Pennsylvania (1010%), Minnesota (872.5%), Connecticut (803.5%), New York (738.1%), and New Jersey (702.9%).

Conclusions
Increasing trends in Google searches for Elf Bar indicate that there was a growing online interest in this brand in the United States in 2022.
Exploring the Feasibility and Acceptability of Technological Interventions to Prevent Adolescents’ Exposure to Online Pornography: Qualitative Research
Authors: Turvey Jake , McKay Dana , Kaur Sarah T , Castree Natasha , Chang Shanton , Lim Megan S C 
Published: November 2024

Background
Amid growing concern over children’s access to online pornography, policy makers are looking toward new and emerging technological concepts for unexplored solutions including artificial intelligence and facial recognition.

Objective
This study sought to explore and ideate emerging technological interventions that are feasible, acceptable, and effective in preventing and controlling the exposure of young people to online pornographic material.

Methods
We conducted a series of qualitative co-design workshops with both adult (n=8; aged 32-53 years) and adolescent participants (n=4; aged 15-17 years) to ideate potential technological interventions that are feasible, acceptable, and effective at preventing and controlling the exposure of young people to online pornographic material. A story stem methodology was used to explore participants’ attitudes toward two unique technological prototypes.

Results
Participants expressed a generally favorable view of the proposed technological concepts but remained unconvinced of their overall utility and effectiveness in preventing the intentional viewing of pornography by young people. Age-appropriate parent-child conversations remained participants’ preferred approach to mitigating potential harms from pornographic material, with parents also expressing a desire for more educational resources to help them better navigate these discussions. User privacy and data security were a primary concern for participants, particularly surrounding the use and collection of biometric data.

Conclusions
Internationally, policy makers are taking action to use age assurance technologies to prevent children’s access to online pornography. It is important to consider the needs and opinions of parents and young people in the use and implementation of these technologies. Participants in this study were generally supportive of new and emerging technologies as useful tools in preventing the accidental exposure of young people to online pornographic material. However, participants remained less convinced of their ability to avert intentional viewing, with substantial concerns regarding technological efficacy, adaptability, and user privacy. Further, co-design and prototype refinement are needed to better understand user acceptability and comfortability of these new technological interventions, alongside additional research exploring sociocultural differences in information needs and user experiences.
Clinical and morphometric features in cervical spine pathology in humans and animals
Authors: Andreeva T.O. , Stoyanov O.M. , Mirdjuraev E.M. , Chebotareva G.M. , Kalashnikov V.I. , Vastyanov R.S. , Dariy V.I. 
Published: November 2024

Background. The neck, its bone-cartilaginous and muscle apparatus, etc. high activity is well known. Cervical spine degenerative-dystrophic processes are considered to be an urgent problem. The purpose of the study was to determine the clinical and morphometric changes of the cervical spine in humans and animals with neck pain based on a clinical and neurological examination, determination of the vertebral body density, their configuration, and ratio for timely correction and prognosis of this patho­logy. Materials and methods. Pain intensity was studied in humans and animals using the adapted visual-analogue scale. The inde­xes of computer tomography with measurement of vertebral body density, and morphometric indexes with an emphasis on C5-C7 le­vel were also studied. All studies were conducted following existing bioethical standards. Results. The pathology of spine configuration was registered in 84.6 % of the examined patients in the form of angular kyphosis or straightened lordosis, more often in women. It was observed in 34.7 % of cases in dogs and cats. The normal configuration is more common: in cats — 78.6 % and in dogs of small breeds — 78.5 %, in large breed dogs — only 26.3 %, and deformations were more frequent than in cats and small dogs (2.7 times more). The cervical vertebrae bodies density in all groups decreased toward the caudal direction with a difference of 18.1 % in humans. In cats — 2.7 %, in dogs of small breeds, it was higher (7.5 %), and in large breed dogs, it reached 14.3 %. The maximum deviations of the studied indicators were found in humans and maximally coincided with those in dogs of large breeds. Conclusions. Thus, animals, especially dogs of large breeds, can serve as a model for studying etiopathogenetic factors, the course, prognosis of degeneration of the bone-cartilage apparatus.
Relationship of chronic low back pain intensity with functional activity, stress and quality of life in working-age adults
Authors: Ovdii M.A. , Cherepenko I.V. , Tsyhanok A.M. , Dmytrenko A.M. , Kravets R.А. 
Published: November 2024

Background. Low back pain (LBP) is a global problem in the modern world. A detailed study of the relationship between pain intensity and the indicators with which it may be associated will allow optimising approaches to the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with chronic LBP. The purpose was to eva­luate the relationship between the intensity of chronic LBP and indicators of functional activity, stress and quality of life in subjects of working age. Materials and methods. A survey was conducted among 159 persons aged 18-65 years with LBP lasting more than 3 months. Using a Google-form, the participants were given a questionnaire that included socio-demographic, anthropometric characteristics, lifestyle data, bad habits, physical activity (PhA) and stress levels, quality of life, and impairment. The intensity of pain was measured at the first visit to a PhRM doctor using a visual analogue scale (VAS). Results. The study involved 159 patients, 65.7 % women and 34.3 % men, with a mean VAS pain intensity of 46.5 ± 18.6 mm. A weak positive correlation was found between pain intensity and age (r = 0.30, p < 0.001), but no significant relationship was found between pain intensity and anthropometric parameters. Subjects who smoke, have insufficient PhA and sleep disturbance had higher pain intensity scores (57.6 ± 15.2 mm (p = 0.04), 49.0 ± 18.8 mm (p = 0.12), 49.7 ± 19.9 mm (p = 0.002), respectively). Sitting time more than 6 hours had significant associations with pain intensity (p < 0.001). A weak positive correlation was found between pain intensity on the VAS scale and stress le­vel (r = 0.24, p = 0.002), a moderate positive correlation between pain intensity and impairment (r = 0.36, p < 0.001) and a mo­derate negative correlation between quality of life and pain intensity. ­Conclusions. There was a significant association between pain intensity and age, smoking, sleep disturbance, sedentary work for more than 6 hours, higher stress levels, impaired functioning and lower quality of life.
FAUNA FÓSIL DE LA FORMACIÓN SANTA CLARA (CÁRNICO) DEL ESTADO DE SONORA
Authors: Alencaster de Cserna Gloria 
Published: November 2024

En este trabajo se describen 14 especies de invertebrados marinos fósiles, de los cuales 12 se citan por primera vez en México. Esta fauna está formada principalmente por pelecípodos, entre los cuales se encuentran cuatro especies nuevas (Nuculana curvirostris, Myophoria mexicana, Myophorigonia salasi y Mytilus (Clhoromya) sonorensis). El material procede de la Formación Santa Clara, de edad cárnica, de la parte central del Estado de Sonora.
Stomiosphaera cardiiformis sp. nov. del Cretácico Superior de Cuba
Authors: Ayala-Castañares Agustín , Seiglie George A. 
Published: November 2024

Se describe e ilustra Stomiosphaera cardiiformis sp. nov., microfósil "Incertae sedis" del Cretácico Superior (Campaniano-Maastrichtiano), procedente de sedimentos de la provincia Las Villas, República de Cuba. El hallazgo de esta nueva epecie en rocas más jóvenes que el Turoniano, extiende la distribución estratigráfica del género, pues Bonet (1956, p. 61-63) y Bonet y Trejo (1958), la sitúan de Albiano la Turoniano. Los sedimentos en que aparece en Cuba tienen edad bien definida, pues se encontraron asociados con la nueva especie algunos géneros de foraminíferos grandes bien conocidos desde el punto de vista estratigráfico, como son Sucoperculina, Gavelinella, Vaughaniana, Asterorbis y Orbitoides.
Se discute la posición taxonómica del género y la notable homeomorfía entre Stomiosphaera cardiiformis sp. nov. y el aparato embrionario de Asterorbis aguayoi Palmer.
SISTEMÁTICA Y BIOESTRATIGRAFÍA DE LOS FORAMINÍFEROS GRANDES DEL CRETÁCICO SUPERIOR (CAMPANIANO Y MAASTRICHTIANO) DE CUBA
Authors: Seiglie George A. , Ayala-Castañares Agustín 
Published: November 2024

Se estudian los foraminíferos grandes del Campaniano y Maastrichtiano de Cuba desde el punto de vista sistemático y bioestratigráfico, indicando tanto las formaciones como las edades en que aparecen y esbozando una zonación bioestratigráfica basada en esos microfósiles.
También se hacen algunas consideraciones de carácter paleoecológico, considerando los conjuntos faunísticos que se presentan en cada caso.
Dentro de este estudio, que podría considerarse preliminar, se hace un especial hincapié en los foraminíferos de la superfamilia Orbitoidoidea Schwager, 1876, señalando sus características morfológicas fundamentales, así como las bases para su clasificación. En el estudio sistemático, se mencionan e ilustran especies de foraminíferos grandes, correspondientes a los géneros Aktinorbitoides Brönnimann, 1948; Asterorbis Vaughan y Cole, 1937; Ayalaina Seiglie, 1960; "Borelis" Montfort, 1808; Conorbitoides Brönnimann, 1958; Cternorbitoides Brönnimann, 1958; "Historbitoides" Brönnimann, 1956; Lepidorbitoides Silvestri, 1907; Monolepidorbis Astre, 1927; Omphalocyclus Bronn, 1951-1952; Orbitoides d'Orbigny, 1847; Pseudorbitoides Douvillé, 1922; Rhabdorbitoides, Brönnimann, 1955; Rhapydionina Stache, 1912, Siderolites Lamarck, 1801; Smoutina Drooger, 1960; Sulcoperculina Thalmann, 1938; y Vaughanina Palmer, 1934; entre ellas se describen tres especies y dos subespecies nuevas que son: Sulcoperculina minima sp. nov.; Orbitoides villasensis sp. nov., Vaughanina cubensis minor subsp. nov. y Vaughanina cubensis globosa subsp. nov.
Acompañan el texto una tabla con la zonación bioestratigráfica propuesta, con la distribución de las especies a través de las biozonas, algunas gráficas de correlación de caracteres y 43 láminas ilustrando las especies.
New findings of Late Jurassic charophyte gyrogonites and gastropods from the San Juan Formation, NW Oaxaca, Mexico
Authors: Omaña Lourdes , Ferrusquia-Villafranca Ismael , Ruiz-González José E. 
Published: November 2024

Se recogieron muestras de caliza de la Formación San Juan, que consiste en una mezcla de depósitos marinos y no marinos situados en la Cuenca de Tlaxiaco, Oaxaca, México. Estos depósitos contienen a un conjunto de agua dulce compuesto por girogonitos de carofitas y gasterópodos y otro de rocas marinas de aguas poco profundas con macroforaminíferos como Labyrinthina mirabilis Weynschenk, 1951, Everticyclammina sp., cianobacterias de tipo Rivulariacea y Cladocoropsis mirabilis Felix, 1907. Se ha asignado una edad de Oxfordiano–Kimmeridgiano basada en rango estratigráfico del macroforaminífero Labyrinthina mirabilis. La textura de tipo “mudstone” de la caliza y la asociación fósil con las carofitas y gasterópodos sugiere un ambiente continental de agua dulce. Las texturas grainstone-packstone sugieren un medio marino de aguas poco profundas con el macroforaminífero Labyrinthina mirabilis, Everticyclammina sp., cianobacterias de tipo Rivulariacea y Cladocoropsis mirabilis.
Nuevo género de hojas ovadas de Rhamnaceae de la Formación Olmos (Cretácico Superior) de Coahuila, México
Authors: Centeno-González Naylet Karen , Porras-Múzquiz Héctor , Estrada-Ruiz Emilio 
Published: November 2024

En el norte de México, en la Región Carbonífera, se encuentran los depósitos de la Formación Olmos (Cretácico Superior), una unidad litoestratigráfica ampliamente conocida por la asociación florística tan diversa que alberga, principalmente representada por impresiones y compresiones de hojas y frutos, además de otros organismos como invertebrados. En este trabajo presentamos un nuevo registro con base en tres hojas recolectadas en la Formación Olmos, cuyos patrones en su morfología foliar son congruentes a la familia Rhamnaceae. Las características con las que se encontró mayor similitud entre estos ejemplares y la actual familia fueron la forma laminar ovada, base obtusa, primer orden pinnado, segundo orden eucamptódromo, tercer orden percurrente opuesto con un ángulo casi perpendicular con respecto a la vena media, y cuarto orden reticulado. La combinación de caracteres se ha observado que se presentan dentro del género actual Gouania, la mayor parte de las características morfológicas son parecidas a las del tipo fósil descrito, excepto por el espaciado de las venas de segundo orden, por lo que se propone un nuevo género y especie fósil nombrado Gouianiaites muzquizensis. El registro de esta familia en la Formación Olmos, reafirma su presencia en el norte de México durante el Cretácico.
Penerapan 3Magic Words Melalui Bimbingan Kelompok Metode Sosiodrama Untuk Meningkatkan Interaksi Sosial
Authors: Mariyam Siti Nur 
Published: November 2024

This research aims to increase students' social interactions through the application of 3 Magic Words ("sorry," "please," "thank you") in group guidance using the sociodrama method. The research subjects were six class X APHP students at SMKN 3 Madiun in the odd semester 2024-2025. Using a Counseling Guidance Action Research approach with qualitative descriptive methods, the research results show an increase in the use of 3 Magic Words after implementing sociodrama. In the first cycle, although students were still awkward, there was improvement. In the second cycle, more complex scenarios made the use of the 3 Magic Words more consistent, creating a more harmonious and collaborative classroom atmosphere. Sociodrama has proven to be effective in encouraging the use of the 3 Magic Words, which ultimately improves the quality of social interactions.
Formulasi Dan Uji Stabilitas Gel Tabir Surya Mengandung Kombinasi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Salam (Syzygium Polyanthum (Wight.) Walp.) Dan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera L.)
Authors: Herawati Vira , Nurul Hidayati Evi , Sardjiman Sardjiman 
Published: November 2024

Formulasi tabir surya saat ini masih banyak menggunakan formulasi bahan sintetis berbahaya dan sejauh ini, belum ada sediaan tabir surya berbahan alami dengan kombinasi daun salam (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight.) Walp.) dan kelor (Moringa oleifera L.) yang beredar dipasaran. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah gel tabir surya dapat dikatakan stabil pada saat penyimpanan dengan suhu yang berbeda-beda dan untuk melihat apakah setelah sediaan dibuat dan disimpan dalam jangka waktu yang lama masih memiliki sifat dan fisik yang sama dan memenuhi parameter kriteria yang telah ditetapkan. Pada penelitian ini, kedua ekstrak diformulasikan dalam bentuk gel tabir surya, kemudian dievaluasi stabilitas sediaan. Konsentrasi ekstrak daun salam yang digunakan dalam sediaan gel tabir surya yaitu 1% dan ekstrak daun kelor yaitu 2%. Nilai carbopol 940 yang paling baik yaitu pada formula 2 dengan konsentrasi carbopol 1% karena memiliki mutu fisik yang baik dan memenuhi persyaratan mutu fisik sediaan gel. Sediaan gel dari ekstrak etanol daun salam dan daun kelor memiliki mutu fisik dan stabilitas yang baik. Hasil flavonoid total esktrak etanol daun salam dan daun kelor berturut-turut sebesar 2,25 ± 2,16 dan 1,88 ± 1,90 %.