bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical evaluation of non-motor symptoms in jaw closing dystonia
Authors: Narita Noriyuki , Ishii Tomohiro , Kamiya Kazunobu , Hirayama Teruyasu 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background The features of non-motor symptoms such as cognitive ability, psychiatric state, and quality of life (QOL) is unknown in patients with jaw closing dystonia. Methods Seven patients with jaw closing dystonia (2 males, 5 females; mean age 60.4 years) and 7 healthy age- and gender-matched subjects (mean age 54.1 years) participated in this study. The patients were examined to determine the location of pain and movement difficulties, with awareness of those measured using a numerical rating scale (0-10). Examinations of cognitive ability using Mini-Mental State Examination findings, psychological states using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, and symptoms using the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised were also conducted, as well as examinations of QOL using Oral Health Impact Profile and 36-Item Short Form Survey results. Results The awareness of pain and amount of movement difficulty varied among the jaw closing dystonia patients. Those patients also presented significantly lower scores for cognitive ability, and higher scores for depression and somatization as compared to the healthy subjects. In addition, the patients showed significantly modulated scores for QOL. Conclusions Non-motor symptoms affecting jaw closing dystonia patients may be prominent in regard to cognition, depression, and somatization, as well as QOL, while causal neuropathological relationships are also present.
Evaluation of designed IS711 primers and universal primers of B4 and B5 for detection of Brucella spp. in clinical samples
Authors: Heidari Pedram , Salehi Mitra , Sepahi Abbas Akhavan , Razavi Mohamad Reza 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background

Brucellosis as a global concern is a zoonotic infectious disease which affects a wide range of individual in developing countries. A confirmed diagnosis is required to isolate the bacterial agent from clinical specimens like blood, bone marrow, CSF or tissues. Microbiological, serological and molecular approaches are useful for detection and identification of Brucella spp. and blood culture is known as the gold standard for Brucella spp. Diagnosis of brucellosis through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) could be more sensitive and specific than other classical methods such as blood culture and conventional serological tests. Until now different Brucella specific sequences like BCSP 31, IS711 and 16SrRNAwere amplified for detection of Brucella Spp.

Results

Amplification of extracted DNA from serum of 49 suspected patients were tested with two sets of specific primers. The BCSP31 sequence amplicon was 223 bp and all the 49 (100%) serum specimens isolated from suspected patients were positive by B4 and B5 primers, even the 4 cases out of 49 2ME negative samples were positive. Detection of Brucella in serum samples by designed IS711 primers revealed the amplicon of IS711 with 448 bp length. Among the 49 serum samples isolated from patients, 46 (93.87%) cases were positive.
The B4-B5 primers and IS711 designed primer recognized 100% (49/49) and 94% (46/49) of the cases, respectively.

Conclusion

This study shows that the specificity of the 2 primer sets is 100% and the sensitivity of B4-B5 primers is 100%, while the sensitivity of the designed primers of IS711 is 94%. The B4-B5 primers can detect the least number of both B. melitensis and B. abortus, 0.05 CFU/reaction. However, the designed IS711 set is able to detect 2 CFU/reaction, about 2.5×102 times more sensitive than results of other experiments for detection of IS711 target sequence in the specimens.
Didelphis albiventris: an overview of an unprecedented transcriptome sequencing of the white-eared opossum
Authors: Santos Íria Gabriela Dias dos , Mendes Tiago Antônio de Oliveira , Silva Gerluza Aparecida Borges , Reis Amanda Maria Sena , Vitorello Cláudia Barros Monteiro , Schaker Patrícia Dayane Carvalho , Herai Roberto Hirochi , Fabotti André Brait Carneiro , Coutinho Luiz Lehmann , Jorge Erika C 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background
The white-eared opossum (Didelphis albiventris) is widely distributed throughout Brazil and South America. They have been used as animal models to study different aspects in science, from the restoration of degraded green areas to medical aspects of the Chagas disease, leishmaniasis and resistance against snake venom. As a marsupial, D. albiventris can also aid the comprehension of the molecular mechanisms that govern the different stages of organogenesis, as their joeys are born after only 13 days, depending on placentation, and the final stages of organogenesis occurs when the neonates are inside the pouch, depending on lactation. As the genome of this opossum species, and/or its transcriptome, had not been completely sequenced yet, the use of D. albiventris as an animal model is limited. In this work, we have sequenced the D. albiventris transcriptome, by RNA-seq, to obtain the first catalogue of differentially expressed genes (DE) and gene ontology (GO) annotation during the neonatal stages of the marsupial development.
Results
The D. albiventris transcriptome was obtained from whole neonates harvested at birth (P0), at five days old (P5) and ten days old (P10). The de novo assembly of these transcripts allowed us to obtain 85,338 transcripts. Only ~30% of these transcripts could be mapped against M. domestica genome, the closest phylogenetic relative with available nucleotide sequences. Among the expressed transcripts, 2,077 were found to be DE between P0 and P5, 13,780 between P0 and P10, and 1,453 between P5 and P10. Enriched GO terms were mainly related to immune system, blood tissue development and differentiation, vision, hearing, digestion, CNS and limb development.
Conclusions
The unveiling of opossum transcriptomes provides an out-group to better understand the distinct characteristics associated with the evolution of mammalian species. Nevertheless, this is the first transcriptome sequencing and available catalogue of genes of a marsupial species at different neonatal stages, allowing the study of mechanisms involved in the organogenesis.
Hypotension during hip fracture surgery and postoperative morbidity: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Cusack Rachael , Beecham Gabriel , Crilly Grace , Vencken Sebastian , Buggy Donal 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: Hip fracture is a growing healthcare challenge, with 6-8% 30-day mortality and 20-30% of patients incurring major morbidity. Intraoperative hypotension during hip fracture surgery is associated with increased 30-day mortality regardless of anaesthetic technique. Although a recent trial demonstrated reduced postoperative complications by maintaining intraoperative arterial blood pressure close to baseline, there are no data correlating intraoperative hypotension during hip fracture surgery with postoperative morbidity.
Objective: We evaluated the hypothesis that duration and severity of intraoperative hypotension during hip fracture surgery is associated with increased postoperative morbidity.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was carried out on n=52 patients undergoing hip fracture surgery between January and June 2017. Electronic measurements of patients’ intraoperative systolic arterial pressure (SAP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) during anaesthesia were reviewed. We calculated the total duration of time where SAP or MAP were below pre-defined thresholds for hypotension (MAP < 75 mmHg, MAP < 55 mmHg, SAP ≤ 80% admission baseline, or SAP ≤ 80% pre-induction baseline). Univariate and bivariate descriptive statistics were generated for all relevant variables. With multivariable regression models containing known predictors, cumulative duration of hypotension was correlated with postoperative comorbidities as quantified by the Clavien-Dindo and Comprehensive Complication Indices.
Results: Mean age (± SD) was 78 ± 13 years, 75% were female, 87% were ASA II or III and 60% underwent spinal anaesthesia. Mean Comprehensive Complication Index was 20.4 ± 19.2. Lowest absolute SAP and MAP values were 82 ± 18 mmHg and 55 ± 12 mmHg respectively. Cumulative time of SAP <80% pre-induction value adjusted to gender, age and the Charlson Comorbidity Index was associated with progression to a higher Clavien-Dindo classification (odds ratio: 1.020 per additional minute; 95% CI: 1.008 – 1.035; P = 0.003).
Conclusions: In this exploratory retrospective analysis, the cumulative time of hypotension during hip fracture surgery correlated with extensive postoperative morbidity when adjusting to other known predictors. Intraoperative cumulative time of hypotension may be a good candidate for larger prediction studies as a predictor of postoperative complications. A randomised controlled trial evaluating active control of intraoperative hypotension on postoperative morbidity in hip fracture patients seems warranted.
Promoting Independence in Dementia (PRIDE): Protocol for a Feasibility Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Shafayat Aisha , Csipke Emese , Bradshaw Lucy , Charlesworth Georgina , Day Florence , Leung Phuong , Moniz-Cook Esme , Montgomery Alan , Morris Steve , Mountain Gail , Ogollah Reuben , Sprange Kirsty , Yates Lauren , Orrell Martin 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background Memory services often see people with early stage dementia who are largely independent and able to participate in community activities but who run the risk of reducing activities and social networks. PRIDE is a self-management intervention designed to promote living well and enhance independence for people with mild dementia. This study aims to examine the feasibility of conducting a definitive randomised trial comparing the clinical and cost-effectiveness of the PRIDE intervention offered in addition to usual care or with usual care alone. Methods/Design PRIDE is a parallel, two-arm, multicentre, feasibility, randomised controlled trial (RCT). Eligible participants aged 18 or over who have mild dementia (defined as a score of 0.5 or 1 on the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale) who can participate in the intervention and provide informed consent will be randomised (1:1) to treatment with the PRIDE intervention delivered in addition to usual care, or usual care only. Participants will be followed-up at three and six month’s post-randomisation. There will be an option for a supporter to join each participant. Each supporter will be provided with questionnaires at baseline and follow-ups at three to six months. Embedded qualitative research with both participants and supporters will explore their perspectives on the intervention investigating a range of themes including acceptability and barriers and facilitators to delivery and participation. The feasibility of conducting a full RCT associated with participant recruitment and follow-up of both conditions, intervention delivery including the recruitment, training, retention of PRIDE trained facilitators, clinical outcomes, intervention and resource use costs and the acceptability of the intervention and study related procedures will be examined. Discussion This study will assess whether a definitive randomised trial comparing the clinical and cost-effectiveness of whether the PRIDE intervention offered in addition to usual care is feasible in comparison to usual care alone, and if so will provide data to inform the design and conduct of a future trial. Trial Registration and protocol version ISRCTN, ISRCTN11288961, registered on 23 October 2019, http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN12345678 Protocol V2.1 dated 19 June 2019 Keywords Dementia, self-management, feasibility trial
Scabies outbreak investigation in Addet town, West Gojjam Zone, Amhara region, Northwest Ethiopia, 2017
Authors: Alebachew Habtamu , Mulatu Kebadnew , Worku Mastewal 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background Globally scabies was among the 50 most common infectious diseases, with a point prevalence 0.3%-46% and in terms of morbidity, at 1.5 million disability-adjusted life years. This study investigate and asses risk factors of scabies in Addet Medhanit Alem yekolo temarie in Yilmana Densa district Amhara, Ethiopia, 2017 Methods Unmatched Case-control study was employed. Fifety five cases from line lists reviewed as per the WHO case definition. Cases were epidemiological linked to previously epidemiological confirmed cases and 118 controls were interviewed with structured questionnaires. Data was entered EPI info version 7 and analyzed by SPSS version 23. Adjusted Odds Ratios and with corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated to measure strength of association in multi-variable logistic regression Results The prevalence of scabies was 35%. The mean (SD) age of respondents was 16.4(2.785). Out of respondents 110 (63.6%) used river water for daily basis, 36(20.8%) changed their cloth frequently, 105(60.7%) washed their body frequently, 106(61.3%) had at least one scabies infected person in their house. The odds of scabies infection were 2.3 (AOR = 0.436, 95% CI: 0.205-0.929) times lower among frequent changing of cloth, And washing of body with soap and water were 2.17(AOR = 0.461% CI: 0.214-0.993) times lower having scabies infection. Share cloth was 3(AOR = 3.313, 95% CI: 1.536-7.149) times higher having scabies infection. Presence of scabies infected individuals in the family was 6 (AOR = 6.029, 95% CI: 2.071-14.275) times higher to develop scabies infection. Conclusions There prevalence of scabies infection was high, less than 15 years age group were most affected. Frequent changing of cloth, frequent use of soap for body wash, sharing of cloth and presence of scabies infected individuals in the family were factors affecting scabies infection. Personal, house hygiene should be strength and avail soap for students should be considered.
A comparative study of the epidemiology of Treponemal Infection in the Volta Region of Ghana: A Five-Year Multisite Parallel Population-Based Analysis vis-à-vis the Sentinel Survey
Authors: Lokpo Sylvester Yao , Owusu-Dabo Ellis , Deku John Gameli , Orish Verner Ndudiri , Kye-Duodu Gideon , Ussher Francis Abeku , Boakye Thomas , Adigbli Daniel , Ameke Louis Selasi , Fianko William Klutse , Adedze-Kpodo Robert , Letsa Henry Komla , Tashie Worlanyo , Gbormittah Noble Selorm , Kpene Godsway Edem , Osei-Yeboah James 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Abstract
Background: Treponemal infection is contagious and one of the oldest blood-borne infections, with great public health consequences. This study aimed to comparatively describe the five–year (2013-2017) regional epidemiology of Treponemal infection using pregnant women in the Sentinel Survey and apparently healthy blood donors as proxy for the general population at the four sentinel sites in the Volta Region of Ghana.
Method: We analysed retrospectively data from 17,744 prospective blood donors aged between 18 to 58 years and 7,805 pregnant women in a Sentinel Survey who fell within the 15 and 49 years age bracket at Hohoe, Ho, Tongu and Krachi-West sentinel sites in the Volta Region. Data extracted included age, gender, date of blood donation and Treponena pallidum chromatographic immunoassay results from the blood banks of the four study sites. Published reports of Sentinel Surveys conducted at the four sentinel sites from the years 2013-2017 were retrieved.
Results: The cumulative five-year prevalence of Treponemal infections among the pregnant women in the Sentinel Survey and prospective blood donors was 0.38% and 2.38% respectively. Site-specific prevalence for population-base/Sentinel survey was 4.6%/0.4%, 2.0%/0.2%, 1.3%/0.8 and 1.2%/0.2 for Hohoe, Ho, Krachi-West and Tongu respectively. Treponemal infection rates among the younger age groups (15-24years) were 0.31% in the sentinel survey and 2.22% in the general population. Significant gender disparity in Treponemal infection exist with male preponderance.
Conclusion: The regional prevalence of Treponemal infection in the Sentinel Survey is lower compared to the general population. Therefore, the use of pregnant women as proxy for population estimate could lead to underestimation of the burden in the study jurisdiction.
A Qualitative Transcriptional Signature for the Histological Reclassification of Lung Squamous Cell carcinomas and Adenocarcinomas
Authors: Li Xin , Shi Gengen , Chu Qingsong , Jiang Wenbin , Liu Yixin , Zhang Sainan , Zhang Zheyang , Wei Zixin , He Fei , Guo Zheng , Qi Lishuang 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: Targeted therapy for non-small cell lung cancer is histology dependent. However, histological classification by routine pathological assessment with hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunostaining for poorly differentiated tumors, particularly those from small biopsies, is still challenging. Additionally, the effectiveness of immunomarkers is limited by technical inconsistencies of immunostaining and lack of standardization for staining interpretation.

Results: Using gene expression profiles of pathologically-determined lung adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas, denoted as pADC and pSCC respectively, we developed a qualitative transcriptional signature, based on the within-sample relative gene expression orderings (REOs) of gene pairs, to distinguish ADC from SCC. The signature consists of two genes, KRT5 and AGR2, which has the stable REO pattern of KRT5 > AGR2 in pSCC and KRT5 < AGR2 in pADC. In the two test datasets with relative unambiguous NSCLC types, the apparent accuracy of the signature were 94.44% and 98.41%, respectively. In the other integrated dataset for frozen tissues, the signature reclassified 4.22% of the 805 pADC patients as SCC and 12% of the 125 pSCC patients as ADC. Similar results were observed in the clinical challenging cases, including FFPE specimens, mixed tumors, small biopsy specimens and poorly differentiated specimens. The survival analyses showed that the pADC patients reclassified as SCC had significantly shorter overall survival than the signature-confirmed pADC patients (log-rank p = 0.0123, HR = 1.89), consisting with the knowledge that SCC patients suffer poor prognoses than ADC patients. The proliferative activity, subtype-specific marker genes and consensus clustering analyses also supported the correctness of our signature.

Conclusions: The non-subjective qualitative REOs signature could effectively distinguish ADC from SCC, which would be an auxiliary test for the pathological assessment of the ambiguous cases.
Enrichment of manganese to spessartine saturation in granite-pegmatite systems
Authors: Maner James L. , London David , Icenhower Jonathan P. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The enrichment of manganese in peraluminous (S-type) granitic melts beginning with the anatexis of metapelitic rock and ending with the crystallization of highly evolved pegmatites is explained using experimentally derived mineral-melt partition coefficients and solubility data for Mn-rich garnet. Mineral-melt partition coefficients for Fe, Mg, and Mn between garnet, cordierite, tourmaline, and peraluminous, B-bearing hydrous granitic melt were measured between 650 and 850 °C at 200 MPaH2O. The compositions of garnet and tourmaline synthesized in these experiments are similar to those found in nature. Garnets evolve from Sps51Alm23Prp25 to Sps81Alm15Prp4 with decreasing temperature. The Mn content of cordierite increases with decreasing temperature. The composition of tourmaline does not vary with temperature. Partition coefficients, DMα/L, and exchange coefficients, KDα/L=DMα/L/DNα/L where α is a mineral, L is liquid (melt), and M and N are different elements, are presented for mineral-glass pairs. Partition coefficients for Mg, Fe, and Mn increase with decreasing temperature for garnet, tourmaline, and cordierite. The precipitation of garnet alone results in a progressive increase of MgO/FeO and a decrease of MnO/FeO in the melt. Crystallization of cordierite and tourmaline results in a decrease of MgO/FeO and an increase of MnO/FeO in melt. Tourmaline is most efficient at concentrating Mn in residual liquids. The trend toward increasing Mn/Fe in natural garnets in granites and pegmatites is not controlled by garnet itself, but instead by the crystallization of other mafic minerals in which Mg and Fe are more compatible than is Mn.
A Rayleigh fractionation model constitutes a test of the partition coefficients reported in this manuscript. The starting composition for the model is that of a liquid (melt inclusions) from an anatectic S-type source. Normative modes of cordierite and biotite are calculated from that composition and are similar to modes of these minerals in natural occurrences. The model consists of crystallization of a cordierite-biotite granite from 850 to 650 °C. The model predicts that ~95% crystallization of the starting composition is required to reach saturation in spessartine-rich garnet at near-solidus temperatures. The model, therefore, is consistent with the occurrence of spessartine as restricted to highly fractionated granite-pegmatite systems at the end stages of magmatism.
Emergencia zoonótica por coronavirus: riesgo potencial para la salud pública en America Latina.
Authors: González Tous Marco , Mattar V. Salim 
Published: August 2019

Los coronavirus (CoV) son un grupo de virus de ARN envueltos, monocatenarios (de sentido positivo) que pertenecen al orden Nidovirales, familia Coronaviridae. Se dividen en cuatro grupos principales: alfa, beta, gamma y delta; al parcer solo los alfa y beta infetan a los humanos. Los primeros coronavirus humanos (HCoV) conocidos, HCoV-229E y HCoV-OC43 son causantes de infecciones respiratorias leves (1).