bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental Study of Compact Multi-Pass Evaporator Two Phase Flow
Authors: Heng R , Razlan Z M , Zunaidi I , Shahriman A B , Wan W K , Harun A , Hashim M S M , Faizi M K , Ibrahim I , Kamarrudin N S 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The distribution of the liquid and gas flows in multi-pass channel that illustrate a compact evaporator for air-conditioning system was experimentally studies. The dividing header are design horizontal with a square cross section of 20mm x 20mm and length is 290mm, also ten curve multi-pass channel with length of 300mm each connected between the circle cross section 50mm combination tank. The distance between the dividing header and combing tank were 120mm. The test was conduct under uniform backpressure conditions; additionally, the working fluid used was water and air. This experiment conducted to examine the influence of inlet-flow at the header entrance (stratified flow and annular-mist flow) under uniform backpressure condition to improve the uniform of the water distribution inside every curve channels. It was found that the inlet-flow condition at the entrance header has relatively influence the water distribution. By comparison between two flow conditions, great value of uniformity for water distribution in each channel is improved under annular-mist flow condition.
Dynamic Analysis of UAV’s Motor Support Bar Length Control System
Authors: Zulkifli M F , Razlan Z M , Shahriman A B , Zunaidi I , Khairunizam Wan , Noriman N Z 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) can be described as aircraft that do not need any presence of pilots inside it. Basically, UAV is come out in a small aircraft so that the aircraft can be easily controlled by the people from afar[1]. The UAV’s motor support bar length control systems are the UAV’s control systems that move according to the variable arm length movement and also a constant revolution of the propeller speeds. The purpose of the study is to run the dynamic analysis at the UAV’s motor support bar length control systems and also to enhance the UAV’s mathematical modelling by using the SOLIDWORKS® software which involved in using both CAD and CAE systems[2]. The detailed design is used SOLIDWORKS® software to conduct the static and dynamic analysis of UAV’s motor support bar length control systems. The design is restricted to the arm due to the critical part that has the highest vibration at the UAV’s motor support bar length control systems. The results that obtain from the study from the static and dynamic analysis are the displacement of the motor, Von Misses stress of the arm, and also the resonance frequency that will give the modes shape to the systems.
The Effect of Modification Vertical Partition On Kiln Drum Performance For Coconut Shell Carbonization
Authors: Sucahyo L , Mustaqimah M 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Coconut shell as an organic residue that could be re-utilized to charcoal raw material through carbonization or pyrolysis process. Kiln is a thermally insulated chamber that produces enough temperatures to complete some process such as carbonization. This study aimed to conduct a performance test of modification drum kiln with vertical partition for coconut shell carbonization. These partitions were added in order to limit the direct contact between coconut shells and husk, thus the temperature inside each chamber can be easier to maintain. The data obtained with placing the thermocouple in five places, while also measure wind velocity, relative humidity and environment. The drum kiln has 6 main components, which are pyrolysis main chamber, initial combustion chamber, air inlet, chimney, unloading and vertical partition. Optimum performance of kiln with vertical partition was in average temperature of 295.67 °C, maximum temperature 531.33 °C, charcoal yield 21.67 - 26.80%, carbonization time 78.33 minute and calorific value of 7, 505.33 kcal/kg. Vertical partition able to limit and control kiln temperature also increased pyrolysis rate as well as charcoal yield.
Effect of Roadways Plantation on Signal Propagation Analysis in Connected Autonomous Vehicle Communication
Authors: Turner J S C , Shahriman A B , Harun A , Hashim M S M , Razlan Z M , Wan W K , Ibrahim Z , Abdullah A H , Fadzilla M A , Kassim K A A , Khalid M S A , Jawi Z , Isa M H M , Murad S A Z , Ismail R C 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
At present, the development of autonomous vehicle has altered the outlook of modern transportation worldwide. The state-of-the-art vehicular communication for transportation system is advancing, especially in vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) communication. An effective communication between vehicle and infrastructure has become a significant part of autonomous transportation criteria. The necessity for high quality of service communication inspire for good planning and preparation in communication process. Per se, this paper proposes vegetation attenuation models for advance planning of communication process between vehicle to infrastructure, defined mainly by plants, trees and vegetation along the roadways in Malaysia. The channel measurement performed in Universiti Malaysia Perlis test-bed having large tall trees and low shrubs along the routes resulted in several interesting results which would shape the planning of CAV communication. It is observed that communication close to low plantation or shrub requires high power consumption as the range is significantly reduced. It is also learned that certain types of plantations allows for different level of signal attenuation depending on the antenna heights. The research also found out that the attenuation profile follows strictly the log normal distribution and as such certain planning could be made to reshape the communication process to cater for this.
Remediation of Heavy Metals Using Selected Agricultural Waste: Sunflower Husk and Durian Leaves
Authors: Abood Manal M , Istiaque F , Azhari N N 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This study revealed the behaviour of sunflower husk (SFH) and durian leaves (DL) as an adsorbent that could treat the aqueous solution to be free of heavy metal ions. The batch method was utilized. The influence of pH, contact time and initial metal concentration were described. The impact of pH on the uptake levels of the metal particles by both selected adsorbents were delineated between pH 4 to pH11. It was observed that the best value of pH for copper and zinc removal was 8 in case of SFH and it was 9 for DL. The process tends to be rapid the initial 10 minutes for SFH and 5 minutes for DL and an equilibrium time of two hours was needed for the copper and zinc particles adsorption onto SFH and an equilibrium time of one hour was needed for the copper and zinc adsorption onto DL. The Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models are used to decide the adsorption parameters. The Freundlich isotherm model tends to fit the equilibrium data better than Langmuir isotherm model. The outcomes demonstrated that SFH and DL hold great potential to be utilized as low cost dry biomass adsorbent in the order SFH < DL.
Association of Hyperhomocysteinemia with Acute Myocardial Infarction in Kurdish Patients
Authors: Othman Amen Shwan , Tharwat Baban Soza 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main cause of death worldwide. Among multiple cardiovascular risk factors, such as age, blood pressure, diabetes, smoking and hyperlipidemia, hyperhomocysteinemia has recently emerged to have an important role in increasing risk of CVD by impairing oxidative stress-induced endothelial dysfunction and inducing atherothrombosis. However, the association between high circulating level of homocysteine and increasing the risk of CVD in human remains controversial and has not been consistently observed. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between serum total homocysteine (tHcy) concentrations with increased risk of CAD in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) in Kurdish population. In addition, correlations of classical risk factors including hypertension, smoking, diabetes and hyperlipidemia with hyperhomocysteinemia in MI patients were studied. Its role in in development of CVD could be pivotal. METHODS: In a case-control study, a total of 74 patients (51 male; 23 female; aged 22-80 years) who had diagnosed with acute CAD on angiography were enrolled in this study and 74 gender and age matched non-CAD individuals were included as the control group. The serum tHcy level was measured by enzymatic immunoassay. Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) was defined as Hcy>15 µmol/l. RESULTS: the mean ± standard deviation (SD) of serum total homocysteine (tHcy) level in acute myocardial infarction patients was 22.8 ± 1.30 µmol/l, which was significantly higher compared to that of control group being 15.1 ± 1.33 µmol/l (P < 0.001), indicating that a high homocysteine level may promote pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. 51 (68.9%) MI cases had hyperhomocysteinemia; of these 35 MI patients (47.3%) had mild hyperhomocysteinemia (15-30µmol/L), and 16 MI patients (21.6%) had moderate levels of hyperhomocysteinemia (30-100 µmol/L). No significant correlation between tHcy levels and MI risk factors such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus, was observed. The tHcy levels were significantly higher in smoker patients than in non-smokers. CONCLUSIONS: These findings confirm that in patients with acute myocardial infarction, elevated homocysteine levels are associated with development of MI independent of other risk factors. A strong association between elevated levels of serum tHcy in MI patients was observed in Kurdish population. This study concludes that Hcy is considered as a strong emerging cardiovascular risk factor for development of myocardial infarction. Moreover, the measurement of Homocysteine levels might act as a surrogate laboratory marker and as one of the effective ways to diagnose patients with myocardial infarction in hospitals.
Using adaptive management to guide multiple partners in TCE remediation using a permeable reactive barrier
Authors: Niño de Guzmán Gabriela T , Hapeman Cathleen J , Millner Patricia D , Torrents Alba , Jackson Dana , Kjellerup Birthe V 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) worked together with the University of Maryland, College Park and BMT Designers and Planners (Consultant) to design a biowall to remediate the groundwater of a Superfund site located in Beltsville, MD. The US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) oversaw the remediation plan as per the regulations of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) program. A hybrid adaptive management strategy was employed to to guarantee the use of a science-based approach to the remediation efforts, to ensure that new information could be incorporated into the remediation plan, and to avoid the shortcomings of other remediation efforts elsewhere. Laboratory experiments and a historic-data assessment were conducted in conjunction with the monitoring plan to provide the Consultant and USDA with comprehensive feedback, to strengthen and to modify the monitoring and biowall construction plans as the requirements of the site changed. This feedback mechanism was repeated multiple times to make certain that the highest quality and most effective methods were used. The scope of the project also grew to include investigations of the soil microbial community for future structural biostimulation and bioaugmentation activities. While the biowall has reduced the concentration of trichloroethylene (TCE) to levels at or below its Maximum Contaminant Level, work is on-going to improve the functionality of the biowall and to address emerging challenges.
A least-squares method for the design of two-reflector optical systems
Authors: Yadav N K , Romijn L B , ten Thije Boonkkamp J H M , IJzerman W L 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to present a method for the design of two-reflector optical systems that transfer a given energy density of the source to a desired energy density at the target. It is known that the two-reflector design problem gives rise to a Monge–Ampère (MA) equation with transport boundary condition. We solve this boundary value problem using a recently developed least-squares algorithm (Prins et al 2015 J. Sci. Comput.
37 B937–61). It is one of the few numerical algorithms capable to solve these type of problems efficiently. The least-squares algorithm can provide two solutions of the MA problem, one is concave and the other one is convex. The reflectors are validated for several numerical examples by a ray-tracer based on Monte-Carlo simulation.
Insect Composition and Uses in Animal Feeding Applications: A Brief Review
Authors: Koutsos Liz , McComb Alejandra , Finke Mark 
Published: June 2019

AbstractInterest in the use of insects for animal feed applications is increasing due to the potential for more efficient production of protein and other nutrients compared to other more traditional sources. This review provides a brief overview of the potential of insects to provide efficient, sustainable nutrition for animal species, from commercially farmed animals, to pets and to exotic animals housed for conservation efforts.
Inference of differential gene regulatory networks based on gene expression and genetic perturbation data
Authors: Zhou Xin , Cai Xiaodong 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Motivation
Gene regulatory networks (GRNs) of the same organism can be different under different conditions, although the overall network structure may be similar. Understanding the difference in GRNs under different conditions is important to understand condition-specific gene regulation. When gene expression and other relevant data under two different conditions are available, they can be used by an existing network inference algorithm to estimate two GRNs separately, and then to identify the difference between the two GRNs. However, such an approach does not exploit the similarity in two GRNs, and may sacrifice inference accuracy.

Results
In this paper, we model GRNs with the structural equation model (SEM) that can integrate gene expression and genetic perturbation data, and develop an algorithm named fused sparse SEM (FSSEM), to jointly infer GRNs under two conditions, and then to identify difference of the two GRNs. Computer simulations demonstrate that the FSSEM algorithm outperforms the approaches that estimate two GRNs separately. Analysis of a dataset of lung cancer and another dataset of gastric cancer with FSSEM inferred differential GRNs in cancer versus normal tissues, whose genes with largest network degrees have been reported to be implicated in tumorigenesis. The FSSEM algorithm provides a valuable tool for joint inference of two GRNs and identification of the differential GRN under two conditions.

Availability and implementation
The R package fssemR implementing the FSSEM algorithm is available at https://github.com/Ivis4ml/fssemR.git. It is also available on CRAN.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
MILP-based Related-Key Rectangle Attack and Its Application to GIFT, Khudra, MIBS
Authors: Chen Lele , Wang Gaoli , Zhang GuoYan 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe rectangle attack is the extension of the traditional differential attack and is evolved from the boomerange attack. It has been widely used to attack several existing ciphers. In this article, we study the security of lightweight block ciphers GIFT, Khudra and MIBS against related-key rectangle attack. We use Mixed-Integer Linear Programming-aided cryptanalysis to search rectangle distinguishers by taking into account the effect of the ladder switch technique. For GIFT, we build a 19-round related-key rectangle distinguisher and attack on 23-round GIFT-64, which requires 260 chosen plaintexts and 2107 encryptions. For Khudra, a 14-round related-key rectangle distinguisher can be built, which leads us to a 17-round rectangle attack. Our attack on 17-round Khudra requires a data complexity of 262.9 chosen plaintexts and a time complexity of 273.9 encryptions. For MIBS, we construct a 13-round related-key rectangle distinguisher and propose an attack on 15-round MIBS-64 with time complexity of 259 and data complexity of 245. Compared to the previous best related-key rectangle attack, we can attack one more round on Khudra and MIBS-64 than before.
Association between serum potassium levels and short-term mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation or flutter co-treated with diuretics and rate- or rhythm-controlling drugs
Authors: Hagengaard Louise , Søgaard Peter , Espersen Marie , Sessa Maurizio , Lund Peter Enemark , Krogager Maria Lukács , Torp-Pedersen Christian , Kragholm Kristian Hay , Polcwiartek Christoffer 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Aims
We investigated the association between potassium levels and 90-day all-cause mortality in atrial fibrillation or flutter (AF) patients co-treated with diuretics and rate- or rhythm-controlling drugs.

Methods and results
During 2000–12, first-time AF patients treated with beta-blockers, amiodarone, sotalol, verapamil, or digoxin combined with any diuretic within 90 days post-AF discharge were included. Following co-treatment, a potassium measurement within 90 days after initiating diuretic treatment was required. Mortality risk associated with potassium &lt;3.5, 3.5–3.7, 3.8–4.0, 4.5–4.7, 4.8–5.0, and &gt;5.0 mmol/L (reference: 4.1–4.4 mmol/L) was assessed using multivariable Cox regression. In total, 14 425 AF patients were included (median age: 78 years; women: 52%). Patients most often received beta-blocker monotherapy (29%), beta-blockers and digoxin combined (25%), digoxin monotherapy (24%), amiodarone monotherapy (3%), and verapamil monotherapy (3%). Increased 90-day mortality risk was associated with &lt;3.5 mmol/L [hazard ratio (HR) 2.05, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.68–2.50], 3.5–3.7 mmol/L (HR 1.28, 95% CI 1.05–1.57), 4.5–4.7 mmol/L (HR 1.20, 95% CI 1.02–1.41), 4.8–5.0 mmol/L (HR 1.37, 95% CI 1.14–1.66), and &gt;5.0 mmol/L: (HR 1.84, 95% CI 1.53–2.21). Compared with beta-blocker monotherapy, rate- or rhythm-controlling drugs did not modify the association between potassium groups and mortality risk.

Conclusion
In addition to hypo- and hyperkalaemia, low and high normal range potassium levels were associated with increased 90-day mortality risk in AF patients co-treated with diuretics and rate- or rhythm-controlling drugs. These associations were independent of rate- or rhythm-controlling drugs.
Prognostic factors for pulmonary metastasectomy in malignant melanoma: size matters
Authors: Viehof Jan , Livingstone Elisabeth , Loscha Elena , Stockhammer Paul , Bankfalvi Agnes , Plönes Till , Mardanzai Khaled , Zimmer Lisa , Sucker Antje , Schadendorf Dirk , Hegedüs Balazs , Aigner Clemens 
Published: June 2019

AbstractOBJECTIVESPulmonary metastasectomy for malignant melanoma requires an individualized therapeutic decision. Due to recently developed novel treatment options, the prognosis of patients with melanoma has improved significantly. Validated prognostic factors that identify patients who are most likely to benefit from metastasectomy are urgently needed.METHODSWe retrospectively reviewed all consecutive patients with melanoma undergoing complete pulmonary metastasectomy between January 2010 and December 2016. The impact of age, sex, extrapulmonary metastases, preoperative systemic therapy, number of metastases, laterality and largest diameter of metastasis on survival after metastasectomy was analysed.RESULTSA total of 29 male and 32 female patients were included in the study. The median follow-up time was 25.6 months. The mean number of resected metastases was 1.7 ± 1.1 (range 1–5). Ten patients had repetitive pulmonary metastasectomies. The median survival time was 31.3 months with a 2-year survival rate of 54%. Bilateral metastases or multiple nodules were not associated with a significantly decreased overall survival rate after metastasectomy. Shorter overall survival times were observed in male patients [hazard ratio (HR) 2.9, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.42–5.92; P = 0.0035] and in patients with nodules larger than 2 cm (HR 3.18, 95% CI 1.45–6.98; P = 0.004). In multivariable analysis, both gender and tumour size remained significant independent prognostic factors.CONCLUSIONSExcellent overall survival rates after pulmonary metastasectomy for melanoma metastases were observed in patients with a metastatic diameter less than 2 cm and in female patients. In view of improved long-term outcome due to novel treatment options, the selection of patients for pulmonary metastasectomy based on prognostic factors will become increasingly important.
Feasibility and cardiac synchrony of permanent left bundle branch pacing through the interventricular septum
Authors: Hou Xiaofeng , Qian Zhiyong , Wang Yao , Qiu Yuanhao , Chen Xing , Jiang Hai , Jiang Zeyu , Wu Hongping , Zhao Zhongqiang , Zhou Weihua , Zou Jiangang 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Aims
Left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) recently emerges as a novel pacing modality. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility and cardiac synchrony of permanent LBBP in bradycardia patients.

Methods and results
Left bundle branch pacing was successfully performed in 56 pacemaker-indicated patients with normal cardiac function. Left bundle branch pacing was achieved by penetrating the interventricular septum (IVS) into the left side sub-endocardium with the pacing lead. His-bundle pacing (HBP) was successfully performed in another 29 patients, 19 of whom had right ventricular septal pacing (RVSP) for backup pacing. The QRS duration, left ventricular (LV) activation time (LVAT), and mechanical synchrony using phase analysis of gated SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging were evaluated. Paced QRS duration in LBBP group was significantly shorter than that in RVSP group (117.8 ± 11.0 ms vs. 158.1 ± 11.1 ms, P < 0.0001) and wider than that in HBP group (99.7 ± 15.6 ms, P < 0.0001). Left bundle branch potential was recorded during procedure in 37 patients (67.3%). Left bundle branch pacing patients with potential had shorter LVAT than those without potential (73.1 ± 11.3 ms vs. 83.2 ± 16.8 ms, P = 0.03). Left bundle branch pacing patients with potential had similar LV mechanical synchrony to those in HBP group. R-wave amplitude and capture threshold of LBBP were 17.0 ± 6.7 mV and 0.5 ± 0.1 V, respectively at implant and remained stable during a mean follow-up of 4.5 months without lead-related complications.

Conclusion
Permanent LBBP through IVS is safe and feasible in bradycardia patients. Left bundle branch pacing could achieve favourable cardiac electrical and LV mechanical synchrony.