bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Development of an In Vitro Assay for the Prospective Determination of Aspirin Sensitivity
Authors: Westphal Erica S. , Wisniewski Caitlin , Rainka Michelle , Smith Nicholas M. , Bates Vernice , Gengo Fran M. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAspirin remains the standard for stroke prophylaxis. However, as many as 20%‐25% of patients may fail to show a full response to aspirin. Ideally, patients who are resistant to aspirin could be identified, then receive an increased dose of aspirin or be changed to an alternative therapy more efficiently. We have developed an in vitro assay that may make this possible. Healthy volunteers (n = 13) between 18 and 50 years of age were tested for both ex vivo and in vivo responses to aspirin. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was selected as the solvent for aspirin in the assay. DMSO can exhibit antiplatelet effects, necessitating the use of a concentration low enough to avoid such antiplatelet effects. Blood samples were tested against DMSO 0%, 0.05%, 0.5%, and 1% w/v with and without aspirin 0, 50, and 100 μM. The effects of both agents were measured via whole‐blood aggregometry. A 3‐dimensional response model described the data well, quantifying the combinatorial effect of DMSO and aspirin on platelet aggregation. Across all participants, baseline aggregation stimulated with collagen 1 μM or arachidonate 0.5 mM was approximately 18 and 13 Ω, respectively. The response model showed that 0.05% DMSO with 100 μM aspirin would provide platelet aggregation of 3.4 Ω. A DMSO concentration of 0.05% in the absence of aspirin would result in no discernable effects on platelet aggregation (17.7 Ω). Overall, the use of 100 μM of aspirin in 0.05% DMSO provides a robust method to test for ex vivo inhibition of platelet aggregation.
Photochemistry for Well‐Defined Polymers in Aqueous Media: From Fundamentals to Polymer Nanoparticles to Bioconjugates
Authors: Burridge Kevin M. , Wright Thaiesha A. , Page Richard C. , Konkolewicz Dominik 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis review article highlights recent developments in the field of photochemistry and photochemical reversible deactivation radical polymerization applied to aqueous polymerizations. Photochemistry is a topic of significant interest in the fields of organic, polymer, and materials chemistry because it allows challenging reactions to be performed under mild conditions. Aqueous polymerization is of significant interest because water is an environmentally benign solvent, and the use of water enables complex polymer self‐assembly and bioconjugation processes to occur. This review focuses on powerful new developments in photochemical aqueous polymerization reactions and their applications to the synthesis of well‐defined polymer nano‐objects and bioconjugates. It is anticipated that these aqueous photopolymerizations will enable the next generation of self‐assembled structures and biohybrid materials to be developed under mild and environmentally friendly conditions.
Continuous separation of oil from water surface by a novel tubular unit based on graphene coated polyurethane sponge
Authors: Zhang Tai , Xiao Changfa , Zhao Jian , Chen Kaikai , Hao Junqiang , Ji Dawei 
Published: May 2018

We develop a new strategy for the continuous separation of oil from water surface using a novel tubular unit based on graphene coated polyurethane (P‐GEPU) sponge, and the P‐GEPU sponge was fabricated by a simple dip‐coating method; the as‐prepared sponges could adsorb different kinds of oil and organic liquids while repelling water. Moreover, the tubular unit was assembled by wrapping the P‐GEPU sponge on a porous PU hollow tube and combined with the accessories including pipes and joints. The tubular unit could float on the surface of water, and a continuous oil collection from water surface through vacuum pressure could be fulfilled, showing a high oil‐water separation efficiency (>96%). Finally, oil‐water separation efficiency remains above 93% after 10 cycles, exhibiting excellent reusability. In addition, our findings are easily scaled up, showing a great promise for large‐scale oil spill remediation.
Functional molecules in mesothelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition revealed by transcriptome analyses
Authors: Namvar Sara , Woolf Adrian S , Zeef Leo AH , Wilm Thomas , Wilm Bettina , Herrick Sarah E 
Published: May 2018

AbstractPeritoneal fibrosis is a common complication of abdominal and pelvic surgery, and can also be triggered by peritoneal dialysis, resulting in treatment failure. In these settings, fibrosis is driven by activated myofibroblasts that are considered to be partly derived by mesothelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (MMT). We hypothesized that, if the molecular signature of MMT could be better defined, these insights could be exploited to block this pathological cellular transition. Rat peritoneal mesothelial cells were purified by the use of an antibody against HBME1, a protein present on mesothelial cell microvilli, and streptavidin nanobead technology. After exposure of sorted cells to a well‐known mediator of MMT, transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β1, RNA sequencing was undertaken to define the transcriptomes of mesothelial cells before and during early‐phase MMT. MMT was associated with dysregulation of transcripts encoding molecules involved in insulin‐like growth factor (IGF) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signalling. The application of either recombinant BMP4 or IGF‐binding protein 4 (IGFBP4) ameliorated TGF‐β1‐induced MMT in culture, as judged from the retention of epithelial morphological and molecular phenotypes, and reduced migration. Furthermore, peritoneal tissue from peritoneal dialysis patients showed less prominent immunostaining than control tissue for IGFBP4 and BMP4 on the peritoneal surface. In a mouse model of TGF‐β1‐induced peritoneal thickening, BMP4 immunostaining on the peritoneal surface was attenuated as compared with healthy controls. Finally, genetic lineage tracing of mesothelial cells was used in mice with peritoneal injury. In this model, administration of BMP4 ameliorated the injury‐induced shape change and migration of mesothelial cells. Our findings demonstrate a distinctive MMT signature, and highlight the therapeutic potential for BMP4, and possibly IGFBP4, to reduce MMT. © 2018 The Authors.The Journal of Pathologypublished by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Unveiling of polymer/fullerene blend films morphology by ellipsometrically determined optical order within polymer and fullerene phases
Authors: Bednarski Henryk , Hajduk Barbara , Domański Marian , Jarząbek Bożena , Nitschke Paweł , Łaba Katarzyna , Wanic Andrzej , Łapkowski Mieczysław 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTOptical properties of polymer/fullerene blend films upon thermal annealing are investigated by spectroscopic ellipsometry and described consistently within an optical model of the blend film. The optical model developed in this work treats both components, polymer and fullerene, as mixtures of reference materials, that is, their optically ordered and disordered phase. Then, the polymer/fullerene blend layer is also described as a mixture of these two components. In this manner, we extend an existing optical model, which accounts for the optical order within the polymer phases, on cases where the optically ordered PCBM phase occurs, too. Determination of the dielectric functions of all four reference materials allows for a unique quantitative characterization of a polymer/fullerene blend film by assigning to it thickness and the polymer to fullerene volume fraction of its layers as well as corresponding volume fractions of theirs optically ordered and disordered polymer and fullerene phases. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2018, 56, 1094–1100
How and when do conglomerates influence the creativity of their subsidiaries?
Authors: Rawley Evan , Godart Frédéric C. , Shipilov Andrew 
Published: May 2018

Research Summary: We develop a framework for understanding how and when membership in a conglomerate affects a subsidiary's creativity. Focusing on “sectoral” conglomerates with several subsidiaries in the same industry, we explain that the effect has two components: an imprinting effect at the time of affiliation, and a concurrent effect from ongoing interactions with other subsidiaries. In the context of the high‐end fashion industry, we find that a subsidiary's creativity increases when it joins a conglomerate with either very low or high creativity. We interpret this as an imprinting effect of the environment inside a conglomerate on how effectively a subsidiary is integrated. Furthermore, over time, the creativity of a subsidiary increases with the creativity of other subsidiaries. The results provide evidence of creativity “spillovers” within conglomerates.Managerial Summary: We examine the role that fashion conglomerates like LVMH or Kering play in the creativity of their subsidiaries. These conglomerates create value through internal transfers of operational and creative practices. Some conglomerates are better at integrating subsidiaries after acquisition than the others: it seems that the better integrators are conglomerates that either have other creative subsidiaries or subsidiaries that lack creativity. Furthermore, conglomerates with other creative subsidiaries continuously improve the creativity of their member firms, probably due to their ability to transfer high‐quality internal practices.
Schinzel—Giedion Syndrome: First Czech Patients Confirmed by Molecular Genetic Analysis
Authors: Neupauerová Jana , Štěrbová Katalin , Komárek Vladimír , Gřegořová Andrea , Vlčková Markéta , Staněk David , Seeman Pavel , Laššuthová Petra , Havlovicová Markéta 
Published: May 2018

AbstractSchinzel–Giedion syndrome (SGS) is a very rare genetic disorder characterized by distinctive facial features, severe developmental delay, seizures, and skeletal abnormalities. Whole exome sequencing, Sanger sequencing, and correlation with already published variants and cases allowed us to identify two different de novo mutations in the SETBP1 gene: NM_015559.2 (SETBP1): c.2601C > G (p.Ser867Arg) and c. 2608 G > A (p.Gly870Ser) in two Czech patients presenting with SGS features. Both mutations are within exon 4 of SETBP1, supporting the notion that exon 4 represents the mutation hotspot of the gene in patients with SGS.
Interdisciplinary Plans of Care, Electronic Medical Record Systems, and Inpatient Mortality
Authors: Bonner Joseph , Stange Brandon , Kjar Mindy , Reynolds Margaret , Hartz Eric , Bignotti Donald , Halimi Miriam , Zozus Meredith , Atherton Denise , Breck Sandra , Landstrom Gay , Bowling Charles , Sloan Robert 
Published: May 2018

Background Interdisciplinary plans of care (IPOCs) guide care standardization and satisfy accreditation requirements. Yet patient outcomes associated with IPOC usage through an electronic medical record (EMR) are not present in the literature. EMR systems facilitate the documentation of IPOC use and produce data to evaluate patient outcomes.
Objectives This article aimed to evaluate whether IPOC-guided care as documented in an EMR is associated with inpatient mortality.
Methods We contrasted whether IPOC-guided care was associated with a patient being discharged alive. We further tested whether the association differed across strata of acuity levels and overall frequency of IPOC usage within a hospital.
Results Our sample included 165,334 adult medical/surgical discharges for a 12-month period for 17 hospitals. All hospitals had 1 full year of EMR use antedating the study period. IPOCs guided care in 85% (140,187/165,334) of discharges. When IPOCs guided care, 2.1% (3,009/140,187) of admissions ended with the patient dying while in the hospital. Without IPOC-guided care, 4.3% (1,087/25,147) of admissions ended with the patient dying in the hospital. The relative likelihood of dying while in the hospital was lower when IPOCs guided care (odds ratio: 0.45; 99% confidence interval: 0.41–0.50).
Conclusion In this observational study within a quasi-experimental setting of 17 community hospitals and voluntary usage, IPOC-guided care is associated with a decreased likelihood of patients dying while in the hospital.
22q11.2 Microduplication: An Enigmatic Genetic Disorder
Authors: Kylat Ranjit 
Published: May 2018

AbstractMicroduplication of 22q11.2 involves having an extra copy at position q11.2 on chromosome 22. Very few cases have been reported but the real incidence may be higher as the absence of obvious clinical signs makes diagnosis difficult. In the cases that are diagnosed, the phenotype is extremely variable. We describe a case of severe micrognathia, cleft palate, and Pierre-Robin sequence. A prenatal ultrasound showed severe micrognathia and subsequent microarray done on amniocentesis revealed the microduplication of 22q11.2, which was confirmed postnatally. Although micrognathia has often been detected in this microduplication, the constellation of these findings has not been previously described.
Offene Reparation der inzisionalen Flankenhernie mit retromuskulärer präperitonealer Netzimplantation – Beschreibung der Technik und Ergebnisse einer prospektiven Kohortenstudie
Authors: Isemer Friedrich-Eckart , Dietz Ulrich , Ackermann Maximilian 
Published: May 2018

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die Operation der Flankenhernie ist wenig standardisiert. Das Hauptproblem der Hernienreparation bei intermuskulärer Netzlage liegt in der Flächenbegrenzung nach dorsal wie auch in der problematischen Fixation des Netzes am Rippenbogen bzw. Beckenkamm. Diese Problematik drückt sich auch aus in der Vielfalt vorgeschlagener Operationsverfahren.
Patienten/Material und Methoden Von August 2015 bis Oktober 2016 wurden 9 Patienten wegen einer Narbenhernie der Flanke mit einer retroperitonealen, präperitonealen, offenen Netzreparation operativ versorgt und analysiert. Bei intermuskulärer Netzlage würde das einzubringende Netz umso kleiner ausfallen, je kleiner der kostopelvine Winkel (CPW) zu messen ist. Dorsalseits der Referenzstrecke (RS) von 10 cm zwischen Rippenbogen und Beckenkamm wären Fixierungen notwendig, um Stabilität zu erreichen. Die retroperitoneale, präperitoneale Netzimplantation erfolgt ohne Einschränkung durch eine vorgegebene Anatomie. Das Netz kann wie beim Stoppa-Verfahren in nahezu jeder Größe ohne wesentliche Fixierung eingebracht werden. Zugleich ist ein Remodeling der Bauchdecke unschwer möglich.
Ergebnisse Bei allen 9 Patienten wurde eine primäre Narbenhernienversorgung der Flanke nach dem retroperitonealen, präperitonealen und offenen Reparationsverfahren mit Netzimplantation vorgenommen. Die Bruchlücke wurde im Mittel auf 92,85 cm2 berechnet, die implantierte Netzgröße auf 426,22 cm2. Postoperative Komplikationen traten nicht auf, der stationäre Aufenthalt lag zwischen 3 und 7 Tagen, der Follow-up bei 3 – 18 Monaten, im Mittel bei 9,1 Monaten. Die telefonische Befragung der Patienten erbrachte eine hohe Zufriedenheit mit einer durchschnittlichen Note (Schulnote) von 1,2, ein Rezidiv lag in keinem Fall vor. Die präoperative Schmerzsymptomatik von VAS 4 wurde auf ein VAS von 1,2 gesenkt, 7 Patienten waren vollständig beschwerdefrei.
Schlussfolgerung Eine ausreichende Überlappung des operativ eingebrachten Netzes kann bei der Flankenhernie in erster Linie durch die Wahl der Netzlage im präperitonealen Raum erreicht werden. Hier ist die Ausbreitung des Netzes auch bei den großen Hernien unproblematisch, da hier eine räumliche Begrenzung nahezu nicht vorgegeben ist. Eine Netzfixierung am Rippenbogen bzw. Beckenkamm ist entbehrlich und auch nicht erforderlich, dies würde nur zu postoperativen Schmerzen führen. Die langfristige Stabilität beruht auf der Größe des Netzes, das Remodeling der Bauchdecke ist durch die Fasziennaht über dem Netz leicht zu erreichen.
Higher Accuracy of the Lactate Minimum Test Compared to Established Threshold Concepts to Determine Maximal Lactate Steady State in Running
Authors: Wahl Patrick , Zwingmann Lukas , Manunzio Christian , Wolf Jacob , Bloch Wilhelm 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis study evaluated the accuracy of the lactate minimum test, in comparison to a graded-exercise test and established threshold concepts (OBLA and mDmax) to determine running speed at maximal lactate steady state. Eighteen subjects performed a lactate minimum test, a graded-exercise test (2.4 m·s−1 start,+0.4 m·s−1 every 5 min) and 2 or more constant-speed tests of 30 min to determine running speed at maximal lactate steady state. The lactate minimum test consisted of an initial lactate priming segment, followed by a short recovery phase. Afterwards, the initial load of the subsequent incremental segment was individually determined and was increased by 0.1 m·s−1 every 120 s. Lactate minimum was determined by the lowest measured value (LMabs) and by a third-order polynomial (LMpol). The mean difference to maximal lactate steady state was+0.01±0.14 m·s−1 (LMabs), 0.04±0.15 m·s−1 (LMpol), –0.06±0.31 m·s1 (OBLA) and –0.08±0.21 m·s1 (mDmax). The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between running velocity at maximal lactate steady state and LMabs was highest (ICC=0.964), followed by LMpol (ICC=0.956), mDmax (ICC=0.916) and OBLA (ICC=0.885). Due to the higher accuracy of the lactate minimum test to determine maximal lactate steady state compared to OBLA and mDmax, we suggest the lactate minimum test as a valid and meaningful concept to estimate running velocity at maximal lactate steady state in a single session for moderately up to well-trained athletes.
The representation of Aboriginal cultural conceptualisations in an adopted English
Authors: Malcolm Ian G. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe Aboriginal inhabitants of Australia encountered varieties of English as a language of colonisation from 1788. Through processes of nativization, Aboriginal people have made English a valid form of expression of their culture and worldview. For this to happen it was necessary for the input varieties of the language received to be changed in form. This, it is claimed, was achieved through processes of Retention, Elimination, Modification and Extension. According to Cultural Linguistics, these processes would have a cultural/conceptual as well as a linguistic dimension. An attempt is made here to trace the processes and to identify the major conceptual imperatives that drove them. It is argued that these were orientations to Relationship, Experience and Integration, as well as the recognition of the practicalities of communicating as a marginal group with other Australians who used English differently.
Cultural conceptualisations of language and country in Australian Indigenous languages
Authors: Rusho Dima 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This article presents a Cultural Linguistics perspective on the enduring and multifaceted relationship between people, language and country in Indigenous Australia. It builds on a substantial body of work in Cultural Linguistics that has examined the cultural conceptualisations present in Aboriginal English, but shifts the focus to exploring how such conceptualisations are also encoded in ancestral Indigenous languages. The article provides linguistic and ethnographic data from a number of Indigenous language groups to explicate the notions of language as a ‘cultural schema’ and country as a ‘cultural category’ in Indigenous languages. It also posits a number of conceptual metaphors that relate to country and language, namely country is a sentient being, country is a rational being, and country is a linguistically competent being.
ADHERENCE TO THE PECARN PEDIATRIC HEAD INJURY RULE IN TWO CANADIAN EMERGENCY SETTINGS
Authors: Gariepy Martin , Gravel Jocelyn , Turcotte Stéphane , Légaré France , Melnick Edward , Hess Erik , Witteman Holly , Lelaidier-Hould Lania , Truchon Catherine , Sauvé Louise , Plante Patrick , Lesage Nathalie , Archambault Patrick 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Head computerized tomography (CT) increases the risk of cancer in children and should be carefully prescribed to paediatric patients with head injury. The Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Network (PECARN) validated a rule to identify children at risk of a clinically important traumatic brain injury (TBI) needing a head CT.

OBJECTIVES
The objective was to evaluate adherence to the PECARN rule as a function of CT overuse (defined as a prescribed CT when not recommended by the rule) and underuse rates (no CT performed when recommended) in two Canadian emergency departments (EDs).

DESIGN/METHODS
We conducted a retrospective chart review of children under 17 years of age seen in 2016 in a paediatric Level I (site 1) and a general Level II (site 2) trauma center. We reviewed charts to determine the appropriateness of head CT use according to the PECARN rule in a random subset of children presenting with a head trauma. Mandatory inclusion criteria were (1) that the head trauma occurred in the 24 hours prior to arrival to the ED, (2) a GCS over 13 and (3) and at least one sign or symptom of minor TBI. Patients with a special condition that could have influenced the decision to order a head CT were automatically excluded. When a patient did not receive a head CT when recommended by the rule, we reviewed medical records to determine if the patient has returned to the ED after his discharge within the next 30 days.

RESULTS
1546 eligible patients younger than 17 years consulted during the study period. Of the 203 randomly selected cases per setting, 16 (7.9%) and 24 (12%) respectively from sites 1 and 2 had a head CT performed. For the younger group (< 2), both overuse and underuse rates were below 3%. For the older group, overuse rates were higher in site 2 (9.3% (95%CI:4.8–17%) vs. 1.2% (95%CI:0.2–6.5%) (P=.03)) and there was no difference in underuse rates (22% (95%CI:6.3–55%) vs 39% (95%CI:18–65%) (P=.65)). For children who did not receive a head CT when recommended, none returned to the ED for a related complication.

CONCLUSION
Overall, even if there may be slightly more overuse of head CTs in the Level II trauma center, results showed an excellent agreement with the PECARN rule when CT was not recommended. However, results also showed a deviation when CT was recommended, where a higher portion of patients than expected did not receive a head CT. Reasons to explain this behaviour will need further exploration.