bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is childhood wheeze and asthma in Latin America associated with poor hygiene and infection? A systematic review
Authors: Ardura-Garcia Cristina , Garner Paul , Cooper Philip J 
Published: February 2018

IntroductionHigh asthma prevalence in Latin-American cities is thought to be caused by poor hygiene and infections. This contradicts the widely accepted ‘hygiene hypothesis’ for asthma aetiology.MethodsSystematic review of observational studies evaluating the association between poor hygiene exposures or infections and asthma/wheeze among Latin-American children aged 4–16 years. MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS and CINAHL electronic databases were searched following a predefined strategy to 18 December 2017. We quantified outcomes measured and reported, assessed risk of bias and tabulated the results.ResultsForty-five studies included: 6 cohort, 30 cross-sectional and 9 case–control studies. 26 cross-sectional studies were school-based surveys (14 of over 3000 children), whereas 5 case–control studies were hospital/health centre-based. Exposures measured and reported varied substantially between studies, and current wheeze was the most common outcome reported. Data showed selective reporting based on statistical significance (P value <0.05): 17/45 studies did not clearly describe the number of exposures measured and 15/45 studies reported on less than 50% of the exposures measured. Most exposures studied did not show an association with wheeze or asthma, except for a generally increased risk associated with acute respiratory infections in early life. Contradictory associations were observed frequently between different studies.ConclusionSelective reporting is common in observational studies exploring the association between environmental exposures and risk of wheeze/asthma. This, together with the use of different study outcomes (wheeze/asthma) associated with possibly distinct causal mechanisms, complicates inferences about the role of poor hygiene exposures and childhood infections in explaining asthma prevalence in Latin-American children.
Citizen observatories
Authors: Seffah Ahmed 
Published: February 2018

NOTE FROM ACM: It has been determined that this article plagiarized the contents of a previously written paper. Therefore ACM has shut off access to this article.
This article has been removed from the ACM Digital Library because it was found to plagiarize an earlier work written by Maria Palacin-Silva, Ahmed Seffah, Jari Porras and Timo Pyhälahti, published by Bioinformatics and entitled "Why Citizen Science and Observatories? How Human can be Engaged in Environmental Sustainability Design?" submitted to Communications of the ACM on June 30, 2016.
For further information, contact the ACM Director of Publications.
An Examination of HPV16 Natural Immunity in Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) in the HPV in Men (HIM) Study
Authors: Beachler Daniel C. , Pinto Ligia A. , Kemp Troy J. , Nyitray Alan G. , Hildesheim Allan , Viscidi Raphael , Schussler John , Kreimer Aimée R. , Giuliano Anna R. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Background: Evidence suggests that natural antibodies developed after HPV16 infection may protect some women but not men against subsequent HPV16 reacquisition. Less is known whether antibodies developed following HPV16 infection are protective among men who have sex with men (MSM).
Methods: Four hundred seventy-five MSM from the Human Papillomavirus Infection in Men (HIM) study were tested for serum antibodies to HPV16 L1 using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and for anal and genital HPV16 DNA using PCR consensus primer system (PGMY 09/11). Adjusted Cox regression was used to evaluate whether baseline HPV16 seropositivity impacts subsequent genital or anal HPV16 DNA.
Results: The risk of subsequent genital HPV16 [aHR = 1.05, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.66–1.68] and anal HPV16 infections among MSM (aHR = 2.34, 95% CI = 0.92–5.98) was similar or nonsignificantly higher in HPV16-seropositive than HPV16-seronegative MSM. The risk of genital HPV16 was also similar between HPV16-seronegative and HPV16-seropositive MSM in the highest tertile of HPV16 antibody levels and when restricting to those with new sex partners during follow-up (P &gt; 0.20). Among the 118 MSM who were HPV16 seropositive, 90% remained HPV16 seropositive up to 4 years later. When tested together, MSM with the highest antibody titers (top tertile) had similar levels to females (mean = 130.3 vs. 134.5 EU/mL, P = 0.84).
Conclusions: Despite years of HPV16 seropositivity persistence and antibody titers comparable with females, this study suggested no evidence of HPV16 natural antibodies protecting against subsequent genital or anal HPV16 infection in MSM.
Impact: This could help partially explain the high incidence of genital and anal HPV16 infection and related anal cancer seen in middle-aged and older MSM. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 27(4); 496–502. ©2018 AACR.
Administration of Hypoxia-Activated Prodrug Evofosfamide after Conventional Adjuvant Therapy Enhances Therapeutic Outcome and Targets Cancer-Initiating Cells in Preclinical Models of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Haynes Jennifer , McKee Trevor D. , Haller Andrew , Wang Yadong , Leung Cherry , Gendoo Deena M.A. , Lima-Fernandes Evelyne , Kreso Antonija , Wolman Robin , Szentgyorgyi Eva , Vines Douglass C. , Haibe-Kains Benjamin , Wouters Bradly G. , Metser Ur , Jaffray David A. , Smith Myles , O'Brien Catherine A. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Purpose: Cancer-initiating cells (C-IC) have been described in multiple cancer types, including colorectal cancer. C-ICs are defined by their capacity to self-renew, thereby driving tumor growth. C-ICs were initially thought to be static entities; however, recent studies have determined these cells to be dynamic and influenced by microenvironmental cues such as hypoxia. If hypoxia drives the formation of C-ICs, then therapeutic targeting of hypoxia could represent a novel means to target C-ICs.
Experimental Design: Patient-derived colorectal cancer xenografts were treated with evofosfamide, a hypoxia-activated prodrug (HAP), in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or chemoradiotherapy (5-FU and radiation; CRT). Treatment groups included both concurrent and sequential dosing regimens. Effects on the colorectal cancer-initiating cell (CC-IC) fraction were assessed by serial passage in vivo limiting dilution assays. FAZA-PET imaging was utilized as a noninvasive method to assess intratumoral hypoxia.
Results: Hypoxia was sufficient to drive the formation of CC-ICs and colorectal cancer cells surviving conventional therapy were more hypoxic and C-IC-like. Using a novel approach to combination therapy, we show that sequential treatment with 5-FU or CRT followed by evofosfamide not only inhibits tumor growth of xenografts compared with 5-FU or CRT alone, but also significantly decreases the CC-IC fraction. Furthermore, noninvasive FAZA-PET hypoxia imaging was predictive of a tumor's response to evofosfamide.
Conclusions: Our data demonstrate a novel means to target the CC-IC fraction by adding a HAP sequentially after conventional adjuvant therapy, as well as the use of FAZA-PET as a biomarker for hypoxia to identify tumors that will benefit most from this approach. Clin Cancer Res; 24(9); 2116–27. ©2018 AACR.
FDA Approval: Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin for the Treatment of Adults with Newly Diagnosed CD33-Positive Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Jen Emily Y. , Ko Chia-Wen , Lee Jee Eun , Del Valle Pedro L. , Aydanian Antonina , Jewell Charles , Norsworthy Kelly J. , Przepiorka Donna , Nie Lei , Liu Jiang , Sheth Christopher M. , Shapiro Marjorie , Farrell Ann T. , Pazdur Richard 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
On September 1, 2017, the FDA granted approval for gemtuzumab ozogamicin (Mylotarg; Pfizer Inc.) in combination with daunorubicin and cytarabine and as a monotherapy for the treatment of adult patients with newly diagnosed CD33-positive acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Gemtuzumab ozogamicin is a CD33-targeted antibody–drug conjugate joined to calicheamicin. Approval of gemtuzumab ozogamicin combination treatment was based on a randomized trial of 271 patients with newly diagnosed AML treated with daunorubicin and cytarabine with or without 3 mg/m2 fractionated gemtuzumab ozogamicin, which resulted in an event-free survival (EFS) of 13.6 months for gemtuzumab ozogamicin + daunorubicin and cytarabine and 8.8 months for daunorubicin and cytarabine alone [HR = 0.68 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.51–0.91)]. Hemorrhage, prolonged thrombocytopenia, and veno-occlusive disease were serious toxicities that were more common in patients treated with gemtuzumab ozogamicin + daunorubicin and cytarabine. Approval of gemtuzumab ozogamicin monotherapy was based on a randomized trial of 237 patients with newly diagnosed AML treated without curative intent. Median overall survival (OS) was 4.9 months with gemtuzumab ozogamicin versus 3.6 months on best supportive care [HR = 0.69 (95% CI, 0.53–0.90)]. Adverse events were similar on both arms. Postapproval, several studies are required including evaluation of fractionated gemtuzumab ozogamicin pharmacokinetics, safety of combination gemtuzumab ozogamicin in the pediatric population, immunogenicity, and the effects of gemtuzumab ozogamicin on platelet function. Clin Cancer Res; 24(14); 3242–6. ©2018 AACR.
Geoquímica inorgânica e orgânica dos folhelhos da Formação Pimenteiras: implicações para um sistema petrolífero não convencional
Authors: Souza Ana Clara Braga de , Esteves Melina Cristina Borges , Nascimento Junior Daniel Rodrigues do , Lima Nathalia Olímpio de , Silva André Renan Costa 
Published: February 2018

A Formação Pimenteiras registra a ingressão marinha Meso/Neodevoniano da Bacia do Parnaíba. Seus folhelhos representam o principal intervalo gerador para seu sistema petrolífero convencional. O objetivo deste trabalho é, baseando-se em amostragem de afloramento, integrar dados geológicos e geoquímicos para compreender e avaliar o potencial produtor de gás de folhelho da Formação Pimenteiras. Assim, nove fácies foram identificadas: folhelho com ostracodes (Fo), folhelho siltoso micáceo (Fm), folhelho tabular (F), arenito fino e muito fino maciço (Af), arenito com laminação hummocky (Ah), pares silte-argila com laminações heterolíticas linsen (Hl) e wavy (Hw), siltito escuro com níveis sulfetados (S) e brecha clasto sustentada (Bc), observada no topo dos afloramentos. Os argilominerais dominam a mineralogia, seguidos de quartzo. Os processos intempéricos pós-deposicionais são evidenciados pelos altos teores de ferro laterítico e presença de caulinita. A microscopia eletrônica de varredura permitiu classificar os poros como macroporos (> 50 μm). Foram imageadas, também, feições como agregados de matéria orgânica e argilominerais com diferentes hábitos, destacando-se o maciço e o vermicular. Os valores de carbono orgânico total (COT) variam entre 0,02 e 1,31%. Cristais de pirita ocorrem associados à rocha com maior valor de COT e refletem o caráter anóxico da fácies S. Os argilominerais são predominantemente esmectitas e argilominerais interestratificados. Os resultados indicam uma provável dificuldade para o faturamento hidráulico devido à grande presença de argilominerais. A porosidade primária possui dimensão favorável, mas geometria desfavorável. A baixa maturidade térmica e os valores de COT pouco expressivos apontam para um baixo potencial produtor. Assim, as rochas deste estudo possuem um potencial de produção de gás não convencional pouco favorável, diante das atuais condições exigidas pelo mercado.
Seasonal patterns of nocturnal singing by ovenbirds and white-throated sparrows
Authors: Foote Jennifer R. , Nanni Laura K. , Schroeder Rebecca 
Published: February 2018

AbstractRecent research suggests that many diurnal songbirds also sing at night. The functions of nocturnal singing by diurnally active birds are not well understood. We used automated recorders to record nocturnal singing from May through July 2014. We examined how date, temperature, wind, weather, and lunar phase influenced nocturnal vocal behaviour. We found that nocturnal singing by ovenbirds and white-throated sparrows was related to date with clear seasonal patterns that did not mirror the dawn chorus. Nocturnal singing rates declined seasonally, but peaked earlier for white-throated sparrows than for ovenbirds. Both species sang less often on nights with a full moon or precipitation. Ovenbirds also sang fewer songs on cold and windy nights while white-throated sparrows sang less often on cloudy nights. We show that nocturnal song is shaped by environmental factors and shows a seasonal pattern that may be useful for gaining insights into functions of nocturnal song.
Behavioural consistency and group conformity in humbug damselfish
Authors: Burns Alicia L.J. , Schaerf Timothy M. , Ward Ashley J.W. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Humbug damselfish, Dascyllus aruanus, are a common coral reef fish that form stable social groups with size-based social hierarchies. Here we caught whole wild groups of damselfish and tested whether social groups tended to be comprised of animals that are more similar to one another in terms of their behavioural type, than expected by chance. First we found that individuals were repeatable in their level of activity and exploration, and that this was independent of both absolute size and within-group dominance rank, indicating that animals were behaviourally consistent. Secondly, despite the fact that individuals were tested independently, the behaviour of members of the same groups was significantly more similar than expected under a null model, suggesting that individual behaviour develops and is shaped by conformity to the behaviour of other group members. This is one of the first studies to demonstrate this group-level behavioural conformity in wild-caught groups.
Introduction
Authors: Slama Martin , Barendregt Bart 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis article introduces the special issue ‘Online Publics in Muslim Southeast Asia: In Between Religious Politics and Popular Pious Practices’ by discussing prominent approaches in the study of media and the public sphere in light of the specific history of digital media’s rise in Muslim Southeast Asia. It focuses on earlier and current expressions of mobile and Islamic modernity as well as on changing moralities and forms of Islamic authority. Referencing the other contributions to this special issue, it particularly emphasizes the (discursive and visual) contestations and social dramas that take place in the region’s media spaces providing for a variety of Islamic forms, practices, and socialities that can best be grasped, the authors argue, by considering politics, the pious, and the popular not as separate, but as mutually constitutive domains.
Revision of the evacanthine leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Evacanthinae) of the Indian subcontinent
Authors: VIRAKTAMATH C.A. , WEBB M.D. 
Published: February 2018

The leafhoppers of the tribe Evacanthini of the Indian subcontinent (Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Myanmar and Sri Lanka) are reviewed. The genus Apphia Distant 1918, is reinstated as a valid genus from synonymy with Onukia Matsumura stat. rev. and redefined based on the male genitalia characters. The genus Angustuma Xing & Li 2013, (new name for Angustella Li 1986, not Waagen 1907) is considered a junior synonym of Apphia. The genera Carinata Li & Wang, Concavocorona Wang & Zhang, Risefronta Li & Wang, Shortcrowna Li & Li, Striatanus Li & Wang and Taperus Li and Wang along with Bundera bambusana Yang, Chen & Li, Carinata midfasciana Wang & Li, Onukia albiclypeus Li & Wang, O. flavocapitata Li & Wang and Risefronta albicincta Li & Wang are here recorded for the first time from the Sub-Himalayan region of the Indian subcontinent. Keys to genera and included species are given. The new taxa recognized are Apphia flava sp. nov. (India: Meghalaya), Bundera acutivertex sp. nov. (India: Mizoram), Concavocorana kambaiti sp. nov. (Myanmar; Kambaiti), Evacanthus albipennis sp. nov. (Nepal), E. convolutus sp. nov. (India: Himachal Pradesh), E. distinctus sp. nov. (India: Himachal Pradesh), E. manaliensis sp. nov. (India: Himachal Pradesh), E. yeshwanthi sp. nov. (India: Meghalya), Onukia echina sp. nov. (India: Manipur), Onukindia gen. nov. (type species : Platyretus connexus Distant), Onukindia aruna sp. nov. (India: Arunachal Pradesh), O. compressa sp. nov. (India: Arunachal Pradesh, West Bengal), Shortcrowna rubrostriata sp. nov. (Myanmar: Kambaiti), Striatanus delta sp. nov. (India: West Bengal; Mizoram) and Taperus indicus sp. nov. (India: Arunachal Pradesh). The following new combinations (genera of original combination in parenthesis): Apphia albida Li & Li) comb. nov., A. albonotata (Yang & Zhang) comb. nov., A. basinigra (Wang & Zhang) comb. nov., A. flavimacula (Wang & Zhang) comb. nov., A. flavinigra (Wang & Zhang) comb. nov., A. jinghongensis (LI & Li) comb. nov., A. leucostriata (Li & Wang) comb. nov., A. longipyga (Li & Wang) comb. nov., A. nigricarina (Li) comb. nov., A. nigricauda (Cheng, Yang & Li) comb. nov., A. nigrimargina (Li & Li) comb. nov., A. nigrinota (Yang & Zhang) comb. nov., A. pallida (Cai & He) comb. nov., A. panxianensis (Li & Li) comb. nov., A. rudorsuma (Xing & Li) comb. nov. and A. rufipenna (Li & Wang) comb. nov. (all from Angustuma), Apphia assamensis (Ramakrishnan) comb. nov. (Dussana), Apphia himalayana (Distant) comb. nov. (Platyretus) and Onukindia connexa (Distant) comb. nov. (Platyretus) are made. Evacanthus repexus Distant and Vangama steneosaura Distant appear to be species complexes and need to be further investigated. Lectotypes are designated for: Apphia burmanica Distant, Apphia himalayana (Distant), Bundera venata Distant, Cunedda phaeops Distant, Evacanthus bellus (Distant), Evacanthus militaris (Distant), Evacanthus repexus Distant, Mainda praeculta Distant, Onukindia connexa (Distant) and Vangama steneosaura Distant.
The Predictability of Annual Evapotranspiration and Runoff in Humid and Nonhumid Catchments over China: Comparison and Quantification
Authors: Wang Tingting , Sun Fubao , Lim Wee Ho , Wang Hong , Liu Wenbin , Liu Changming 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Climate change and its potential threats on water security call for reliable predictions of evapotranspiration (ET) and runoff Q at different time scales, but current knowledge of the differences in their predictability between humid and nonhumid regions is limited. Based on spatially distributed catchments in China, the authors characterized their predictability and provided plausible explanations. Using the Budyko framework, it was confirmed that annual ET is predictable in nonhumid regions but less predictable in humid regions, and annual Q is predictable in humid regions but less reliable in nonhumid regions. The main cause of the varied predictability lies in the variation of water storage change ΔS in the water balance equation. It affects both the estimation and the variability of Q in nonhumid catchments more than that in humid catchments, which increases the challenge of predicting annual Q in nonhumid regions, while the opposite effect occurs in annual ET prediction between humid and nonhumid catchments. Moreover, the differences between the controlling factors of ET variability in different regions add more differences in their predictability. The dominant control of precipitation makes it easy to predict annual ET in nonhumid regions. By contrast, precipitation, potential evaporation, and their covariance take considerable effort to determine annual ET variations, which leads to less reliable ET estimation and predictability in humid catchments. Therefore, one can accurately predict annual ET in nonhumid catchments and Q in humid catchments based on commonly used hydrological models. With proper consideration of ΔS, the predictability of annual ET and Q in both humid and nonhumid catchments can be improved.
Prospective surveillance and targeted physiotherapy for arm morbidity after breast cancer surgery: a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Rafn Bolette S , Hung Stanley , Hoens Alison M , McNeely Margaret L , Singh Chiara A , Kwan Winkle , Dingee Carol , McKevitt Elaine C , Kuusk Urve , Pao Jinsi , Van Laeken Nancy , Goldsmith Charlie H , Campbell Kristin L 
Published: February 2018

Objective: To evaluate prospective surveillance and targeted physiotherapy (PSTP) compared to education (EDU) on the prevalence of arm morbidity and describe the associated program cost. Design: Pilot randomized single-blinded controlled trial. Setting: Urban with assessments and treatment delivered in hospitals. Participants: Women scheduled for breast cancer surgery. Interventions: Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to PSTP ( n = 21) or EDU ( n = 20) and assessed presurgery and 12 months postsurgery. All participants received usual care, namely, preoperative education and provision of an education booklet with postsurgical exercises. The PSTP group was monitored for arm morbidity every three months and referred for physiotherapy if arm morbidity was identified. The EDU group received three education sessions on nutrition, stress and fatigue management. Main outcome measures: Arm morbidity was based on changes in the surgical arm(s) from presurgery in four domains: (1) shoulder range of motion, (2) strength, (3) volume, and (4) upper body function. Complex arm morbidity indicated ≥2 domains impaired. Second, the cost of the PSTP program was described. Results: At 12 months, 18 (49%) participants (10 PSTP and 8 EDU) had arm morbidity, with EDU participants presenting more complex arm morbidity compared to PSTP participants. PSTP participants attended 4.4 of 5 assessments with 90% retention. The PSTP program cost was $150 covered by the Health Care Provider and the Patient Out-of-Pocket Travel cost was CAN$40. Conclusion: Our results suggest that PSTP is feasible among women with breast cancer for early identification of arm morbidity. A larger study is needed to determine the cost and effectiveness benefits.
Hospital usage of TOXBASE in Great Britain: Temporal trends in accesses 2008 to 2015
Authors: Pyper K , Eddleston M , Bateman DN , Lupton D , Bradberry S , Sandilands E , Thomas SHL , Thompson JP , Robertson C 
Published: February 2018

Aim: To examine temporal trends in accesses to the UK’s National Poison Information Service’s TOXBASE database in Britain. Methods: Generalized additive models were used to examine trends in daily numbers of accesses to TOXBASE from British emergency departments between January 2008 and December 2015. Day-of-the-week, seasonality and long-term trends were analysed at national and regional levels (Wales, Scotland and the nine English Government Office Regions). Results: The long-term trend in daily accesses increases from 2.8 (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.6–3.0) per user on 1 January 2008 to 4.6 (95% CI: 4.3–4.9) on 31 December 2015, with small but significant differences in population-corrected accesses by region ( p < 0.001). There are statistically significant seasonal and day of the week patterns ( p < 0.001) across all regions. Accesses are 18% (95% CI: 14–22%) higher in summer than in January and at the weekend compared to weekdays in all regions; there is a 7.5% (95% CI: 6.1–8.9%) increase between Friday and Sunday. Conclusions: There are consistent in-year patterns in access to TOXBASE indicating potential seasonal patterns in poisonings in Britain, with location-dependent rates of usage. This novel descriptive work lays the basis for future work on the interaction of TOXBASE use with emergency admission of patients into hospital.