bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new testudinoid turtle from the middle to late Eocene of Vietnam
Authors: Garbin Rafaella C. , Böhme Madelaine , Joyce Walter G. 
Published: February 2019

Background
Testudinoidea is a major clade of turtles that has colonized different ecological environments across the globe throughout the Tertiary. Aquatic testudinoids have a particularly rich fossil record in the Tertiary of the northern hemisphere, but little is known about the evolutionary history of the group, as the phylogenetic relationships of most fossils have not been established with confidence, in part due to high levels of homoplasy and polymorphism.

Methods
We here focus on describing a sample of 30 testudinoid shells, belonging to a single population that was collected from lake sediments from the middle to late Eocene (35–39 Ma) Na Duong Formation in Vietnam. The phylogenetic placement of this new material is investigated by integrating it and 11 other species of putative geoemydids from the Eocene and Oligocene to a recently published matrix of geoemydid turtles, that embraces the use of polymorphic characters, and then running a total-evidence analysis.

Results
The new material is highly polymorphic, but can be inferred with confidence to be a new taxon, Banhxeochelys trani gen. et sp. nov. It shares morphological similarities with other southeastern Asian testudinoids, Isometremys lacuna and Guangdongemys pingi, but is placed phylogenetically at the base of Pan-Testuguria when fossils are included in the analysis, or as a stem geoemydid when other fossils are deactivated from the matrix. The vast majority of other putative fossil geoemydids are placed at the base of Pan-Testuguria as well.

Discussion
The phylogenetic placement of fossil testudinoids used in the analysis is discussed individually and each species compared to Banhxeochelys trani gen. et sp. nov. The high levels of polymorphism observed in the new taxon is discussed in terms of ontogenetic and random variability. This is the first time that a large sample of fossil testudinoids has its morphological variation described in detail.
Projetos culturais Guarani Mbya: o ProAC Indígena
Authors: De Arruda Campos Alzira Lobo 
Published: February 2019

<p><strong></strong>No âmbito das políticas públicas de inclusão e com o foco nos conceitos de interculturalidade e etnicidade, tomados como vetores necessários para que se entenda o panorama sociocultural brasileiro, analisa-se o ProAC Indígena, ESP (Programa de Ação Cultural da Secretaria Estadual de Cultura relativa aos indígenas). Para tanto, esta análise escolhe como recorte empírico os projetos culturais desenvolvidos nos doze anos de vigência do ProAC Indígena no Estado de São Paulo, os quais revelam os sentidos mítico e profético, norteadores das experiências tradicionais, que refletem a identidade cultural e étnica de seus atores sociais.</p>
MXene‐Derived Ferroelectric Crystals
Authors: Tu Shaobo , Ming Fangwang , Zhang Junwei , Zhang Xixiang , Alshareef Husam N. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis study demonstrates the first synthesis of MXene‐derived ferroelectric crystals. Specifically, high‐aspect‐ratio potassium niobate (KNbO3) ferroelectric crystals is successfully synthesized using 2D Nb2C, MXene, and potassium hydroxide (KOH) as the niobium and potassium source, respectively. Material analysis confirms that a KNbO3 orthorhombic phase with Amm2 symmetry is obtained. Additionally, ferroelectricity in KNbO3 is confirmed using standard ferroelectric, dielectric, and piezoresponse force microscopy measurements. The KNbO3 crystals exhibit a saturated polarization of ≈21 µC cm−2, a remnant polarization of ≈17 µC cm−2, and a coercive field of ≈50 kV cm−1. This discovery illustrates that the 2D nature of MXenes can be exploited to grow ferroelectric crystals.
Domain Formations and Pattern Transitions via Instabilities in Soft Heterogeneous Materials
Authors: Li Jian , Pallicity Tarkes Dora , Slesarenko Viacheslav , Goshkoderia Artemii , Rudykh Stephan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractExperimental observations of domain formations and pattern transitions in soft particulate composites under large deformations are reported herein. The system of stiff inclusions periodically distributed in a soft elastomeric matrix experiences dramatic microstructure changes upon the development of elastic instabilities. In the experiments, the formation of microstructures with antisymmetric domains and their geometrically tailored evolution into a variety of patterns of cooperative particle rearrangements are observed. Through experimental and numerical analyses, it is shown that these patterns can be tailored by tuning the initial microstructural periodicity and concentration of the inclusions. Thus, these fully determined new patterns can be achieved by fine tuning of the initial microstructure.
Dynamical Properties of Spin‐Crossover Solids Within the Kinetic Spin‐1 BEG Model in the Presence of a Time‐Dependent Magnetic Field
Authors: Ogou Saliou Bolarinwa , Oke Djidjoho Toussaint , Hontinfinde Félix , Boukheddaden Kamel 
Published: February 2019

AbstractSpin‐crossover (SCO) and Prussian blue analogs (PBAs) materials are investigated in 2D with a three‐state Blume–Emery–Griffiths (BEG) model where each spin interacts with its nearest neighbors () and may be either in high‐spin (HS) or low‐spin (LS) state. The interactions through the system lattice are temperature‐dependent to account for spin‐phonon interactions. The system is also in contact with an oscillating magnetic field energy. The generated numerical results by the dynamic mean field theory (DMFT) study approach are consistent with those derived by kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) simulations with Glauber dynamics and Arrhenius transition rates. First‐order transitions with thermally induced hysteresis phenomena have been observed. Near the hysteresis loops, the model exhibits throughout relaxation curves, some fluctuations in the LS phase, strengthened by increasing temperature where this phenomenon becomes temperature‐ and magnetic field‐dependent.
Dopant‐Dependent Increase in Seebeck Coefficient and Electrical Conductivity in Blended Polymers with Offset Carrier Energies
Authors: Li Hui , Plunkett Evan , Cai Zhengxu , Qiu Botong , Wei Tianran , Chen Hongyi , Thon Susanna M. , Reich Daniel H. , Chen Lidong , Katz Howard E. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe strong and counterproductive interrelationship of thermoelectric parameters remains a bottleneck to improving thermoelectric performance, especially in polymer‐based materials. In this paper, a compositional range is investigated over which there is decoupling of the electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient, achieving increases in at least one of these two parameters while the other is maintained or slightly increased as well. This is done using an alkylthio‐substituted polythiophene (PQTS12) as additive in poly(bisdodecylquaterthiophene) (PQT12) with tetrafluorotetracyanoquinodimethane (F4TCNQ) and nitrosyl tetrafluoroborate (NOBF4) as dopants. The power factor increases two orders of magnitude with the PQTS12 additive at constant doping level. Using a second pair of polymers, poly(2,5‐bis(3‐dodecylthiophen‐2‐yl)thieno[3,2‐b]thiophene (PBTTTC12) and poly(2,5‐bis(3‐dodecylthiothiophen‐2‐yl)thieno[3,2‐b]thiophene, (PBTTTSC12), with higher mobilities, decoupling of the Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity is also observed and higher power factor is achieved. Distinguished from recently reported works, these two sets of polymers possess very closely offset carrier energy levels (0.05–0.07 eV), and the microstructure, assessed using grazing incidence X‐ray scattering, and mobility evaluated in field‐effect transistors, are not adversely affected by the blending. Experiments, calculations, and simulations are consistent with the idea that blending and doping polymers with closely spaced energy levels and compatible morphologies to promote carrier mobility favors increased power factors.
Experiment and Theoretical Calculation of the Surface Space Charge Region Effect on Photocurrent Generation of SnO2 Bilayer Photodiode Devices
Authors: Liao Ching‐Han , Lee Po‐Ming , Lin Chia‐Hua , Chen Wei‐Hao , Chou Chia‐Yuen , Wu Yen‐Ju , Liu Cheng‐Yi 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn this work, a SnO2 bilayers photodiode device is designed, which consists of a thin SnO2 photocurrent generation layer and a SnO2 thick layer on the glass substrate. The SnO2 photocurrent generation layer with high oxygen vacancy concentration is intentionally prepared. With annealing in oxygen ambient, an electrical potential would be built in the surface space charge region in the thin SnO2 photocurrent generation layer, which would drive the photocarriers down to and flow in the photocarrier transportation layer, i.e., the high‐mobility SnO2 thick film on the glass substrate. The designed SnO2 bilayers photodiode device could enhance photocurrent generation and resolution for the SnO2‐based UV‐photodetectors. It is concluded that the width of surface space charge region is the key factor for the enhancement of lifetime of photocarriers and photocurrent generation of the current SnO2 bilayers photodiode. Based on the present experimental results, the width of the surface space charge region is expected to be nearly or less than 3 nm. Moreover, in this work, a theoretical model is developed to calculate the width of the surface space charge region. The calculated width of the surface space charge region (3.26 nm) is close enough to support the present experimental observation.
Seamless Fabrication and Threshold Engineering in Monolayer MoS2 Dual‐Gated Transistors via Hydrogen Silsesquioxane
Authors: Nasr Joseph R. , Das Saptarshi 
Published: February 2019

AbstractFrom its inception, extensive work on the characterization of field effect transistors (FETs) based on 2D‐layered semiconductors has relied on a back‐gated transistor architecture. This is useful for initial assessment but lacks ultimate compatibility with integrated circuit (IC) design since the threshold voltage of individual devices cannot be controlled independently in order to achieve specific ON‐state and OFF‐state performance. Note that threshold engineering via gate electrostatics is inevitable for 2D semiconductors owing to the absence of comprehensive, reliable, and universal doping schemes. In recent years, several strategies are adopted for the gating of individual 2D‐FETs such as atomic layer deposition (ALD) of high‐k dielectrics, drop casting of ionic liquids, and deterministic transfer of insulating 2D hexagonal boron nitride. These techniques have their respective strengths and weaknesses. A facile, low‐temperature, scalable, and universally applicable fabrication scheme for dual‐gated monolayer 2D‐FETs is reported here, which is compatible with the back‐end‐of‐the‐line (BEOL) process flow of complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology, using hydrogen silsesquioxane (HSQ). HSQ is a negative tone resist that possesses dielectric properties similar to SiO2 when exposed to high electron beam irradiation and thermal curing and can produce features as small as 10 nm.
Alkaline Polymer Membrane‐Based Ultrathin, Flexible, and High‐Performance Solid‐State Zn‐Air Battery
Authors: Wang Wang , Tang Meihua , Zheng Zhenying , Chen Shengli 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe increasing demand for portable and wearable electronics requires lightweight, thin, and highly flexible power sources, for example, flexible zinc‐air batteries (ZABs). The so‐far reported flexible ZAB devices mostly remain bulky, with a design consisting of two relatively thick substrates (e.g., carbon cloths and/or metal foams) and a gel electrolyte‐coated separator in between. Herein, an ultrathin (≈0.2 mm) solid‐state ZAB with high flexibility and performance is introduced by directly forming self‐standing active layers on each surface of an alkaline polymer membrane through an ink‐casting/hot‐pressing approach. A Fe/N‐doped 3D carbon with hierarchic pores and an interconnected network structure is used as cathode electrocatalyst, so that the backing gas‐diffusion layer (e.g., carbon cloth) can be abandoned. What is further, a microstructure‐modulating method to significantly increase the FeN4 active sites for oxygen reduction reaction is developed, thus significantly boosting the performance of the ZAB. The assembled solid‐state ZAB manifests remarkable peak power density of 250 mW cm−3 and high capacity of 150.4 mAh cm−3 at 8.3 mA cm−3, as well as excellent flexibility. The new design should provide valuable opportunity to the portable and wearable electronics.
Economic optimization of distributed embedded battery units for large‐scale heating, ventilation, and air conditioning applications
Authors: Patel Nishith R. , Rawlings James B. , Ellis Matthew J. , Wenzel Michael J. , Turney Robert D. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractEnergy costs of space heating and cooling systems can be significantly decreased using energy storage to shift the load from periods of high prices to periods of low prices. In this work, an economically optimal method of controlling large systems with distributed embedded batteries units is proposed. The control system with load shifting outperforms the conventional trade‐off curve between cost and occupant comfort. Remarks are also made about the economic viability of these systems moving forward.
Factory and construction work is associated with an increased risk of severe lumbar spinal stenosis on MRI: A case control analysis within the wakayama spine study
Authors: Ishimoto Yuyu , Cooper Cyrus , Ntani Georgia , Yamada Hiroshi , Hashizume Hiroshi , Nagata Keiji , Muraki Shigeyuki , Tanaka Sakae , Yoshimura Noriko , Yoshida Munehito , Walker‐Bone Karen 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundTo explore the association of MRI‐diagnosed severe lumbar spinal stenosis with occupation.MethodsOccupational data were collected by questionnaire and all participants underwent spine MRI scans using the same protocol. Central lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) was graded qualitatively. Those with severe LSS (>two‐thirds narrowing) were compared with the controls with lesser degrees of stenosis or no stenosis.ResultsData were available for 722 subjects, mean age 70.1 years. 239 (33%) cases with severe LSS were identified. Factory/construction workers had an almost four‐fold increased risk of severe LSS after adjustment for age, sex, smoking, and walking speed amongst those aged <75 years (OR 3.97, 95%CI 1.46‐10.85). Severe LSS was also associated with squatting ≥1 h/day (OR 1.76, 95%CI 1.01‐3.07) but this association became non‐significant after adjustment.ConclusionFurther research is needed but this study adds more evidence that occupational factors are associated with an increased risk and/or severity of degenerative disease of the lumbar spine.
Blood pressure variability and hemorrhagic transformation in patients with successful recanalization after endovascular recanalization therapy: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Kim Tae Jung , Park Hee‐Kwon , Kim Jeong‐Min , Lee Ji Sung , Park Soo‐Hyun , Jeong Hae‐Bong , Park Kwang‐Yeol , Rha Joung‐Ho , Yoon Byung‐Woo , Ko Sang‐Bae 
Published: February 2019

ObjectiveAlthough blood pressure (BP) variability has been regarded as a risk factor for hemorrhagic transformation (HTF) after intravenous thrombolysis, its effect on HTF after endovascular recanalization therapy (ERT) remains to be elucidated. We aimed to study the relationship between BP variability and symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) after successful recanalization with ERT.MethodsA total of 211 patients with acute ischemic stroke and successful recanalization (thrombolysis in cerebral infarction 2b or 3) after ERT were included between January 2013 and May 2017. The BP data following ERT was obtained over the first 24 hours using parameters including mean, maximum, minimum, difference between maximum and minimum, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, successive variations, and time rate (TR) of BP variation for systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP. sICH was defined as parenchymal hemorrhage type 2 with neurological deterioration of 4 points of more on the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale.ResultsAmong the included patients, 20 (9.5%) developed sICH after successful ERT. The parameters linked with BP fluctuation over time were significantly related to sICH. After adjusting for confounders, the TR of SBP (per 0.1 mmHg/min increase) variation was independently associated with sICH (odds ratio = 1.71, 95% confidence interval = 1.013–2.886).InterpretationTime‐related BP variability in the first 24 hours following successful ERT was more correlated with sICH than other absolute BP levels. This suggests that maintaining a stable BP may be an important factor in preventing sICH after successful ERT. Ann Neurol 2019;85:574–581
Chiral Self‐Discrimination and Guest Recognition in Helicene‐Based Coordination Cages
Authors: Schulte Thorben R. , Holstein Julian J. , Clever Guido H. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractChiral nanosized confinements play a major role for enantioselective recognition and reaction control in biological systems. Supramolecular self‐assembly gives access to artificial mimics with tunable sizes and properties. Herein, a new family of [Pd2L4] coordination cages based on a chiral [6]helicene backbone is introduced. A racemic mixture of the bis‐monodentate pyridyl ligand L1 selectively assembles with PdII cations under chiral self‐discrimination to an achiral meso cage, cis‐[Pd2L1P2L1M2]. Enantiopure L1 forms homochiral cages [Pd2L1P/M4]. A longer derivative L2 forms chiral cages [Pd2L2P/M4] with larger cavities, which bind optical isomers of chiral guests with different affinities. Owing to its distinct chiroptical properties, this cage can distinguish non‐chiral guests of different lengths, as they were found to squeeze or elongate the cavity under modulation of the helical pitch of the helicenes. The CD spectroscopic results were supported by ion mobility mass spectrometry.
Diversified Cycloisomerization/Diels–Alder Reactions of 1,6‐Enynes through Bimetallic Relay Asymmetric Catalysis
Authors: Zheng Haifeng , Wang Yan , Xu Chaoran , Xiong Qian , Lin Lili , Feng Xiaoming 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe report the combination of transition‐metal‐catalyzed diversified cycloisomerization of 1,6‐enynes with chiral Lewis acid promoted asymmetric Diels–Alder reaction to realize asymmetric cycloisomerization/Diels–Alder relay reactions of 1,6‐enynes with electron‐deficient alkenes. A broad spectrum of chiral [5,6]‐bicyclic products could be acquired in high yields (up to 99 %) with excellent diastereoselectivy (>19:1 dr) and enantioselectivity (up to 99 % ee).
Coordination‐Induced Spin‐State Switching of an Aminyl‐Radical‐Bridged Nickel(II) Porphyrin Dimer between Doublet and Sextet States
Authors: Shimizu Daiki , Ide Yuki , Ikeue Takahisa , Osuka Atsuhiro 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA bis(NiII‐porphyrinyl)aminyl radical with meso‐C6F5 groups was prepared as a spin‐delocalized stable aminyl radical with a doublet spin state. Upon addition of pyridine, both NiII centers became hexacoordinated by accepting two axial pyridines, which triggered a spin‐state change of the NiII centers from diamagnetic (S=0) to paramagnetic (S=1). The resulting high‐spin NiII centers interact with the aminyl radical ferromagnetically to give rise to an overall sextet state (S=5/2). Importantly, this coordination‐induced spin‐state switching can be conducted in a reversible manner, in that washing of the high‐spin radical with aqueous hydrochloric acid regenerates the original doublet radical in good yield.
A recursive hierarchical parametric estimation algorithm for nonlinear systems described by Wiener‐Hammerstein models
Authors: Ghanmi Afef , Elloumi Mourad , Salhi Houda , Kamoun Samira 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn this paper, a recursive hierarchical parametric estimation (RHPE) algorithm is proposed for stochastic nonlinear systems which can be described by Wiener‐Hammerstein (W‐H) mathematical models. The formulation of parameters estimation problem is based on the prediction error approach and the gradient techniques. The convergence analysis of the developed RHPE algorithm is derived using stochastic gradient‐based theory. Wiener‐Hammerstein hydraulic process is treated to prove the efficiency of the proposed approach.
Einfluss von Erschütterungen auf jungen Beton
Authors: Mähner Dietmar , Basler Felix , Hesselink Janik 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDer vorliegende Beitrag befasst sich mit den Auswirkungen von Erschütterungen auf jungen Beton. Dabei lag der Fokus auf möglichen Veränderungen der Druckfestigkeit und Wassereindringtiefe. Hierzu wurden Betonproben entweder sechs, acht oder zehn Stunden nach der Betonage mit einer definierten Frequenz und einer gleichbleibenden Schwinggeschwindigkeit erschüttert. Insgesamt wurden im Rahmen der Untersuchung drei verschiedene Frequenzen (5 Hz, 20 Hz und 35 Hz) berücksichtigt.
Mixture and nonmixture cure fraction models assuming discrete lifetimes: Application to a pelvic sarcoma dataset
Authors: de Oliveira Ricardo Puziol , Menezes André F. B. , Mazucheli Josmar , Achcar Jorge A. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDifferent cure fraction models have been used in the analysis of lifetime data in presence of cured patients. This paper considers mixture and nonmixture models based on discrete Weibull distribution to model recurrent event data in presence of a cure fraction. The novelty of this study is the use of a discrete lifetime distribution in place of usual existing continuous lifetime distributions for lifetime data in presence of cured fraction, censored data, and covariates. In the verification of the fit of the proposed model it is proposed the use of randomized quantile residuals. An extensive simulation study is considered to evaluate the properties of the estimates of the parameters related to the proposed model. As an illustration of the proposed methodology, it is considered an application considering a medical dataset related to lifetimes in a retrospective cohort study conducted by Puchner et al. (2017) that consists of 147 consecutive cases with surgical treatment of a sarcoma of the pelvis between the years of 1980 and 2012.
Serum folate receptor α (sFR) in ovarian cancer diagnosis and surveillance
Authors: Farran Batoul , Albayrak Samet , Abrams Judith , Tainsky Michael A. , Levin Nancy K. , Morris Robert , Matherly Larry H. , Ratnam Manohar , Winer Ira 
Published: February 2019

AbstractNovelty and Impact Statement: Our findings suggest that soluble folate receptor (sFR) could be used in both the initial diagnosis and surveillance of patients with ovarian cancer. Our cohort constitutes one of the largest comparison groups for sFR analyzed so far. We have defined the background level of sFR using healthy volunteers. This is also the first study to prospectively follow patients in the surveillance setting to concurrently identify differential changes in tumor markers CA‐125 and sFR.