bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction methods of fatigue critical point for notched components under multiaxial fatigue loading
Authors: Luo Peng , Yao Weixing , Susmel Luca , Li Piao 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTwo methods based on local stress responses are proposed to locate fatigue critical point of metallic notched components under non‐proportional loading. The points on the notch edge maintain a state of uniaxial stress even when the far‐field fatigue loading is multiaxial. The point bearing the maximum stress amplitude is recognized as fatigue critical point under the condition of non‐mean stress; otherwise, the Goodman's empirical formula is adopted to amend mean stress effect prior to the determination of fatigue critical point. Furthermore, the uniaxial stress state can be treated as a special multiaxial stress state. The Susmel's fatigue damage parameter is employed to evaluate the fatigue damage of these points on the notch edge. Multiaxial fatigue tests on thin‐walled round tube notched specimens made of GH4169 nickel‐base alloy and 2297 aluminium‐lithium alloy are carried out to verify the two methods. The prediction results show that both the stress amplitude method and the Susmel's parameter method can accurately locate the fatigue critical point of metallic notched components under multiaxial fatigue loading.
Colorectal adenocarcinoma with enteroblastic differentiation: a clinicopathological study of five cases
Authors: Murakami Takashi , Yao Takashi , Yatagai Noboru , Yamashiro Yuya , Saito Tsuyoshi , Sakamoto Naoto , Nagahara Akihito 
Published: August 2019

AimsColorectal adenocarcinoma with enteroblastic differentiation (CAED) is a rare malignancy, and its clinicopathological characteristics have not yet been fully elucidated. This study aimed to elucidate the clinicopathological features of CAED through immunostaining of enteroblastic lineage markers alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP), glypican‐3 (GPC3), and spalt‐like transcription factor 4 (SALL4).Methods and resultsWe identified five CAED cases (0.3%) from 1666 colorectal carcinomas, analysed the clinicopathological characteristics and performed immunostaining for AFP, GPC3 and SALL4. Three patients were male and two were female. All cases were located in the sigmoid colon or rectum. Histologically, all cases showed adenocarcinoma composed of cuboidal or columnar cells, with clear cytoplasm resembling the primitive gut; one case exhibited a partial hepatoid pattern. The depth of invasion was T2 and T3 in two and three cases, respectively. Lymphatic/venous invasion was found in all cases (100%), lymph node metastases in four of five cases (80%) and distant metastases in three of five cases (60%) (liver, two cases; lung, one case). Two patients died as a result of their disease during follow‐up. Immunohistochemically, SALL4 and GPC3 were each positive in four of five cases, whereas one case with a hepatoid component was positive for AFP. All three CAED cases with distant metastases were GPC3‐positive.ConclusionsCAED was frequently located in the sigmoid colon or rectum, showed aggressive behaviour, such as lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis, and had a dismal prognosis. In addition, CAED was immunoreactive to AFP, GPC3 or SALL4, indicating that these markers may be characteristic of CAED.
Humans and wind, shaping Antarctic soil arthropod biodiversity
Authors: Vega Greta C. , Convey Peter , Hughes Kevin A. , Olalla‐Tárraga Miguel Ángel 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Biodiversity loss has increased globally in recent years. The major threat to Antarctica's unique terrestrial biodiversity is the establishment of non‐native species. Nonetheless, while preventing the introduction of non‐native species from outside, Antarctica has received increasing research attention, the movement of species within and between Antarctic biogeographic regions remains largely unexplored.
Within a biogeographical framework, we attempt to disentangle the role of abiotic and movement factors leading to potential range expansion in the Antarctic Peninsula of two native Collembola: Cryptopygus antarcticus and Folsomotoma octooculata.
We found that, although locations exist with similar abiotic conditions to those already occupied by both species in non‐colonised areas of the Antarctic Peninsula, connectivity via wind to these currently unoccupied areas is smaller than that between present occurrences. Thus, wind transport might result in range expansion very sporadically. Meanwhile, we found that human‐influenced sites at the north‐eastern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula had similar climates to locations where both species are currently found. Thus, range expansion could occur to these areas if these invertebrates are inadvertently transported through human activities.
This article provides a proof of principle for combining Antarctic biogeographical and meteorological data to deliver practical recommendations to environmental managers.
Intergenerational partnerships in nursing: lessons from a plenary session at the 2019 International Council of Nurses' Singapore Conference
Authors: Salmon Marla E. , Walji Sarah 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis year’s International Council of Nurses’ global Congress in Singapore featured a theme of strengthening collaboration and partnerships across generations. In their plenary session, the two authors of this article exemplified this theme in both the development and delivery of their session. Together, they developed a set of ‘common ground’ attributes of nursing policy leaders, reflecting the knowledge and experiences of two very different nursing policy leaders: one a ‘Baby Boomer’ nurse with almost five decades of national and global policy leadership, and the other, an early career ‘Millennial’ leader engaged in her first decade of global policy leadership work. Their collaboration resulted in a session featuring reflections on relevance across generations, using symbolic images and a ‘Ted‐talk’ style presentation, and active engagement of the audience. This article speaks to both the process for developing these ‘common ground’ attributes, and insights and lessons learned that can help inform future collaborations across generations of nurses.
Systemic translation of locally infiltrated epidermal growth factor in diabetic lower extremity wounds
Authors: García‐Ojalvo Ariana , Berlanga Acosta Jorge , Figueroa‐Martínez Alain , Béquet‐Romero Mónica , Mendoza‐Marí Yssel , Fernández‐Mayola Maday , Fabelo‐Martínez Amirelia , Guillén‐Nieto Gerardo 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDiabetic foot ulcer is one of the most frightened diabetic complications leading to amputation disability and early mortality. Diabetic wounds exhibit a complex networking of inflammatory cytokines, local proteases, and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species as a pathogenic polymicrobial biofilm, overall contributing to wound chronification and host homeostasis imbalance. Intralesional infiltration of epidermal growth factor (EGF) has emerged as a therapeutic alternative to diabetic wound healing, reaching responsive cells while avoiding the deleterious effect of proteases and the biofilm on the wound's surface. The present study shows that intralesional therapy with EGF is associated with the systemic attenuation of pro‐inflammatory markers along with redox balance recovery. A total of 11 diabetic patients with neuropathic foot ulcers were studied before and 3 weeks after starting EGF treatment. Evaluations comprised plasma levels of pro‐inflammatory, redox balance, and glycation markers. Pro‐inflammatory markers such as erythrosedimentation rate, C‐reactive protein, interleukin‐6, soluble FAS, and macrophage inflammatory protein 1‐alpha were significantly reduced by EGF therapy. Oxidative capacity, nitrite/nitrate ratio, and pentosidine were also reduced, while soluble receptor for advanced glycation end‐products significantly increased. Overall, our results indicate that the local intralesional infiltration of EGF translates in systemic anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant effects, as in attenuation of the glycation products' negative effects.
Rank and file equity compensation and earnings management: Evidence from stock options
Authors: Holderness D. Kip , Huffman Adrienna , Lewis‐Western Melissa 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe widespread use of rank and file equity‐based compensation suggests that executives believe that rank and file employees can affect firm outcomes, and some research supports this view. If equity‐based incentives influence rank and file employees’ productive efforts, they might also influence their earnings management decisions. We find that increases in rank and file employees’ option‐based compensation—our proxy for equity‐based compensation—are associated with increases in earnings management and that this relation is attributable to real activities (as opposed to accrual) earnings management. Cross‐sectional tests indicate that the relation is stronger when rank and file option compensation is likely to generate greater performance incentives and attenuated in the presence of more intense monitoring. Finally, we explore the role of cash constraints and overvaluation as potential alternative explanations for this relation and find that neither accounts for our results.
Developing a hands‐on activity using virtual reality to help students learn by doing
Authors: Chen Jyun‐Chen , Huang Yun , Lin Kuen‐Yi , Chang Yu‐Shan , Lin Hung‐Chang , Lin Chien‐Yu , Hsiao Hsien‐Sheng 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis study combined virtual reality (VR) technology, the 6E (Engage, Explore, Explain, Engineer, Enrich, and Evaluate) model, and STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) education to develop a hands‐on activity aimed at helping students to achieve “learning by doing.” The participants were 162 tenth‐grade students, divided into the Experimental Group (hands‐on activity using VR technology) and the Control Group (hands‐on activity via lectures). Using sequential analysis, this study investigated how the hands‐on activity influenced the students' behavioral patterns in learning. The results showed that all of the students' learning performances and hands‐on abilities were enhanced. Moreover, the students who used VR technology achieved both significantly better learning performances and hands‐on abilities, indicating that VR might be able to help the students understand abstract scientific concepts and build mental models, which they used to internalize and organize knowledge structures. Furthermore, this study discovered that the students who learned using VR technology formed a cyclical learning pattern, starting with a group discussion (G), moving on to solving problems (S) and developing a product (D), and then going back to another group discussion. However, the students who learned via lectures produced a linear learning pattern in the order of G→S→D.
S100A11 functions as novel oncogene in glioblastoma via S100A11/ANXA2/NF‐κB positive feedback loop
Authors: Tu Yiming , Xie Peng , Du Xiaoliu , Fan Liang , Bao Zhongyuan , Sun Guangchi , zhao Pengzhan , Chao Honglu , Li Chong , Zeng Ailiang , Pan Minhong , Ji Jing 
Published: August 2019

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) is the most universal type of primary brain malignant tumour, and the prognosis of patients with GBM is poor. S100A11 plays an essential role in tumour. However, the role and molecular mechanism of S100A11 in GBM are not clear. Here, we found that S100A11 was up‐regulated in GBM tissues and higher S100A11 expression indicated poor prognosis of GBM patients. Overexpression of S100A11 promoted GBM cell growth, epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration, invasion and generation of glioma stem cells (GSCs), whereas its knockdown inhibited these activities. More importantly, S100A11 interacted with ANXA2 and regulated NF‐κB signalling pathway through decreasing ubiquitination and degradation of ANXA2. Additionally, NF‐κB regulated S100A11 at transcriptional level as a positive feedback. We also demonstrated the S100A11 on tumour growth in GBM using an orthotopic tumour xenografting. These data demonstrate that S100A11/ANXA2/NF‐κB positive feedback loop in GBM cells that promote the progression of GBM.
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar passing a natural barrier before and after construction of a hydroelectric station
Authors: Kennedy Richard James , O'Connor William , Allen Michelle 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA hydro power plant constructed around a waterfall on a coastal spate river, used the fall as a natural fish pass and applied a previous telemetry study on local Atlantic salmon Salmo salar to determine the abstraction conditions for the site. The current study used the same telemetry approach to monitor the efficacy of S. salar passage and to compare migratory behaviour at the waterfall pre and post the hydro development. The probability of S. salar successfully crossing the waterfall was higher post‐hydro when 80% of tagged fish successfully crossed in comparison to the pristine pre‐hydro period when 44% of tagged fish ascended. The flow range used by tagged S. salar to cross the waterfall ranged from 2.49−7.87 m3 s−1 in the pre‐hydro period but broadened to 1.32−12.91 m3 s−1 during the post‐hydro period. This was principally due to the hydro diverting water away from the waterfall during spate conditions, damping the flow across the barrier and facilitating upstream migration within a more suitable discharge range. During 2017–2018 implementation of the hydro‐operation protocol elongated the duration of the migratory window for successful upstream migration by 36–128%. A strong diurnal pattern was observed for movements across the Salmon Leap waterfall during both the pre‐hydro and post‐hydro monitoring periods with most tagged S. salar crossing the complex obstacle in daylight.
Food craving in daily life: comparison of overweight and normal‐weight participants with ecological momentary assessment
Authors: Roefs A. , Boh B. , Spanakis G. , Nederkoorn C. , Lemmens L. H. J. M. , Jansen A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe present study examined food cravings in daily life by comparing overweight and normal‐weight participants right before eating events and at non‐eating moments. It was hypothesised that overweight participants would have (i) more frequent, (ii) stronger and (iii) a greater variety of high‐caloric palatable food cravings, and also would (iv) consume more high‐caloric palatable foods, than normal‐weight participants.MethodsEcological momentary assessment (EMA) was used to assess food craving strength and frequency, variety of specific food cravings, and food intake. Fifty‐seven overweight and 43 normal‐weight adult participants were assessed at eating events and at an average of eight random non‐eating moments per day for 2 weeks. Foods were categorised as: high‐caloric high palatable foods (HCHP), fruits and salads, staple food dishes and sandwiches, and soups and yoghurts.ResultsOverweight participants reported more frequentHCHPfood cravings specifically at non‐eating moments than did normal‐weight participants. Normal‐weight participants reported more food cravings for staple foods, specifically at eating events. Moreover, overweight participants craved a greater variety ofHCHPfoods than normal‐weight participants at both eating events and random non‐eating moments. No other significant between‐group differences were found.ConclusionsThe results highlight the importance for obesity interventions (i) to specifically target high‐caloric palatable food cravings that are experienced during the day and are not tied to eating moments and (ii) to aim for a reduction in the variety of high‐caloric palatable food cravings. It might be fruitful to deliver treatment aimed at reducing cravings via mobile devices because this allows for easy individual tailoring and timing of interventions.
The effect of inspiratory muscle training on fatigue and dyspnea in patients with heart failure: A randomized, controlled trial
Authors: Hossein Pour Amir Hossein , Gholami Mohammad , Saki Mandana , Birjandi Mehdi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimFatigue and dyspnea are debilitating symptoms in patients with heart failure (HF). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) on dyspnea, fatigue and the New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional classification in patients with HF.MethodsIn this prospective, randomized, controlled trial, 84 patients with HF (NYHA classes II‐III/IV) with a mean age of 56.62 ± 9.56 years were randomly assigned to a 6‐week IMT (n = 42) or a sham IMT (n = 42) program. The IMT was performed at 40% of the maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) in the IMT group and at 10% in the sham group. The main outcomes were assessed at baseline and after the intervention and included dyspnea severity scale (Modified Medical Research Council [MMRC], Fatigue Severity Scale [FSS] and the NYHA functional classification (based on the presenting symptoms).ResultsThe between‐group analysis showed significant improvements in dyspnea, fatigue and the NYHA functional classification in the IMT group compared to the sham group (P < .05). The within‐group analysis showed significant improvements in dyspnea (from 2.63 ± 0.79 to 1.38 ± 0.66, P < .001), fatigue (from 43.36 ± 8.5 to 28.95 ± 9.11, P < .001) and the NYHA functional classification (from 2.73 ± 0.5 to 2.1 ± 0.6, P = .001) in the IMT group, while fatigue and dyspnea increased significantly in the sham group.ConclusionsThe 6‐week home‐based IMT was found to be an effective and safe tool for reducing dyspnea and fatigue and improving the NYHA functional classification.
The maize frontier in rural South India: Exploring the everyday dynamics of the contemporary food regime
Authors: Jakobsen Jostein 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis contribution explores how new regions and crops are integrated in the contemporary food regime through a fieldwork‐based approach to maize cultivation in rural Karnataka, South India. As an intrinsic part of the industrial grain–oilseed–livestock complex, maize is an important component of the contemporary food regime. I argue that the expansion of maize at the village level follows commodity frontier dynamics, located at the conjuncture of processes “from above” pushing the industrial grain–oilseed–complex forward and processes “from below” that integrate maize in everyday livelihoods. Focusing on how villagers make use of maize in ways that cross, but simultaneously are differentiated along, lines of class and caste, this article seeks to contribute to our understanding of the everyday dynamics of contemporary food regime.
Leader interpersonal emotion regulation and innovation in teams
Authors: Madrid Hector P. , Niven Karen , Vasquez Cristian A. 
Published: August 2019

Interpersonal emotion regulation is an important psychological function in social behaviour. However, this construct has still been scantly explored in work psychology and organizational settings, meaning that the effects of interpersonal emotion regulation on core aspects of work performance are as yet unknown. Thus, our article seeks to provide insight into how, in the context of teamwork in organizations, leaders can enhance team effectiveness by using interpersonal emotion regulation to capitalize on the important role that affects plays in team innovation. Using a multisource field study, we tested and supported a mediation model in which leaders’ attempts to improve their team members’ emotions were positively related to team innovation via team positive affective tone. Conversely, leader affect‐worsening regulation was negatively related to team innovation via team negative affective tone. As such, we contribute to the work and organizational psychology literature by applying the notion of interpersonal emotion regulation in the teamwork setting, identifying specific behaviours of leaders that influence the development of novel ideas through shared affective experiences.Practitioner points

Leader interpersonal emotion regulation increases or decreases innovation by means of team affect.

Leader affect‐improving interpersonal emotion regulation is positively related to team innovation, whereas leader affect‐worsening interpersonal emotion regulation has the opposite effect.

Interventions for leader development should include training on interpersonal emotion regulation to benefit teamwork.
Knowledge, Beliefs, and Attitudes About Contraception Among Rural Latino Adolescents and Young Adults
Authors: Barral Romina L. , Cartujano Brenda , Perales Jaime , Ramirez Mariana , Cowden John D. , Trent Maria E. , Ramaswamy Megha , Kessler Sarah Finocchario 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPurposeLatino youth experience significant disparities in rates of teen pregnancy, and reproductive health needs of rural Latino youth are not well understood. The purpose of this study was to describe knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes about contraception among rural Latino adolescents and young adults (Latino youth).MethodsEighty‐four Latino youth, aged 15–24 years from rural Kansas communities participated in 15 focus groups (FG) and completed an individual survey. The survey assessed demographics and acculturation. FG participants discussed attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived sexual behaviors regarding teen sexuality, pregnancy, and contraception.ResultsFGs revealed multiple obstacles to accessing reproductive health services: geographical/rural location, cultural barriers, religious influences, lack of sexual education, and personal attitudes toward pregnancy and contraception use. Participants described close‐knit communities with limited access to confidential reproductive health care. They identified cultural and religious factors (sexual taboo, virginity, Familismo, and family dishonor) that influence family planning behaviors among Latino youth and obstruct access to sexual health and contraception knowledge and services. Ambivalence regarding pregnancy intentions was common, along with the belief that contraception equates with abortion.ConclusionsLatino youth in rural communities face multiple physical and sociocultural obstacles to accessing family planning information and services. Community‐based pregnancy prevention interventions must target these obstacles to optimize reproductive health outcomes for Latino youth in rural settings.
Further characterization of a novel EP2 and EP3 receptor dual agonist, ONO‐8055, on lower urinary tract function in normal and lumbar canal stenosis rats
Authors: Sekido Noritoshi , Kida Jun , Otsuki Takeya , Mashimo Hiroko , Matsuya Hidekazu , Okada Hiroki 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimsTo further explore the effects of a novel EP2 and EP3 dual agonist, ONO‐8055, on detrusor contractility, we investigated the responses of bladder strips from sham and lumbar canal stenosis (LCS) rats to this agonist, its effects on lower urinary tract function in normal rats, and mRNA expression of EP2 and EP3 receptors in the sham and LCS rats.MethodsThe responses of bladder strips from sham and LCS rats to ONO‐8055 were measured. The effects of ONO‐8055 on LUT function of normal rats were investigated with awake cystometry and intraurethral perfusion pressure (Pura) measurements. The relative mRNA of bladder and urethral tissue of the sham and LCS rats was quantified using specific probes for EP1, EP2, EP3, and EP4 genes.ResultsCompared with the vehicle, the muscle tensions of both the sham and LCS rats were significantly increased after adding this agonist. On awake cystometry of normal rats, bladder capacity and Pura were decreased in the ONO‐8055 groups, but a statistically significant difference in mean changes was demonstrated only between the vehicle group and the group receiving the highest dose. Compared with the sham rats, mRNA expressions of the four EP receptors in the lower urinary tract of the LCS rats did not show a statistically significant difference.ConclusionsThis agonist did not augment bladder contractility or urethral relaxation in normal rats.