bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Transient Effect of Dividend Announcements on Stock Prices: A Short-Term Market Reaction Study of Indian Stock Market
Authors: Kadyan Sunil , Tushir Monika , Kukreja Sumita , Sharma Anupama , Vinayak Prateek 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

India's burgeoning stock market has attracted global investors and companies, surpassing the Hong Kong equity market in 2024. This study seeks to examine how dividend announcements affect the stock prices of companies that are listed on the National Stock Exchange (NSE). Employing event study method, the research seeks to understand the implications of these announcements. The companies selected for analysis represent diverse sectors, market capitalizations, and performance levels. Specifically, this paper focuses on analyzing the cash dividend declarations of NIFTY 50 index stocks in the year 2023. A total of 87 companies were examined, encompassing large, medium, and small capitalization firms. Abnormal returns on the dividend announcement day were calculated using event methodology market model. Furthermore, the analysis categorizes companies based on their market capitalization size and the percentage of dividend declared. The findings indicate that the influence of dividend announcements on stock prices is perceptible solely on the event day. However, subsequent to the announcement, there is no strong correlation between the dividend announcement date and stock prices, as measured by market capitalization. The analyses also revealed that average abnormal returns vary significantly across stocks with different levels of dividend declaration.
JEL: G12: Asset Pricing; Trading Volume; Bond Interest Rates G15: International Financial Markets G23: Non-bank Financial Institutions; Financial Instruments; Institutional Investors G14: Information and Market Efficiency; Event Studies G35: Payout Policy
Long-term therapeutic effects of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for intrauterine adhesions
Authors: chen kai , Gao Yanyan , Xia Ninuo , Liu Yusheng , Wang Huiru , Ma Hui , Zheng Shengxia , Fang Fang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Intrauterine adhesion (IUA), resulting from uterine trauma, is one of the major causes of female infertility. Previous studies have demonstrated that endometrial mesenchymal stem cells (eMSC) have therapeutic effects on IUA through cellular secretions. It is particularly true for most of the pre-clinical experiments performed on multiple animal models, as human-derived eMSC cannot maintain long-term engraftment in animals. Whether tissue-specific MSCs from allogeneic origin can engraft and exert long-term therapeutic efficacy has yet to be thoroughly explored.
Methods
We established a rat IUA model to study the long-term engraftment and therapeutic effects of eMSC derived from humans and rats. Human and rat eMSC were isolated and verified by the expression of cell surface markers and the ability to differentiate into osteoblasts, adipocytes, and chondrocytes. The cells were then labeled by green fluorescence proteins (GFP) and transplanted to the rat uterus ex vivo and in vivo. The engraftment was investigated by the expression of GFP at different days after transplantation. Assessed the therapeutic effects by examining the endometrial thickness, the number of glands, and the pregnancy outcome. Significantly, we conducted a thorough assessment of the local cellular immune response following both xenograft and allograft transplantation.
Results
H-eMSC were eliminated by rats’ immune systems within three days after transplantation. In constrast, R-eMSC successfully engrafted and persisted in rat tissue for over ten days. Notably, R-eMSC significantly improved the pregnancy rate by enhancing endometrial thickness and increasing the number of glands, while also reducing fibrosis in rat IUA models. Additionally, the immune response to R-eMSC was generally less aggressive compared to that of xenogeneic MSCs.
Conclusions
Tissue-specific MSCs from the allogeneic origin can integrate into the repaired tissue and exert long-term therapeutic efficacy in the model of IUA. This study indicates that in addition to secreting therapeutic factors short-time, tissue-specific MSCs may engraft and participate in long-time tissue repair and regeneration.
Reconstruction of porous media pore structure and analysis of simulation effect based on SNESIM algorithm
Authors: Xie Qing , Gao Jiaqi , Ye Xiaochuang , LI Jia , Song YiFei , Hu SiWen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The pore structure of porous media directly affects its permeability characteristics and fluid flow properties, making accurate reconstruction of these structures of great significance. In recent years, multipoint statistics (MPS) methods have been widely used in pore structure modeling. Among them, the SNESIM algorithm, as an advanced MPS technique, has been extensively applied in the study of porous media pore structures. This paper aims to investigate the effectiveness of the SNESIM algorithm in reconstructing pore structures on 2D slices of cores with different porosities taken from the same core. Furthermore, it analyzes the advantages and limitations of the algorithm and its applicable conditions. This study utilizes CT scan images to construct digital core technology and applies the SNESIM algorithm to reconstruct pore structures of core slices with different porosities. By analyzing performance parameters such as porosity, pore throat ratio, average grain radius, coordination number, and permeability, the study found that the reconstructed images in most samples can maintain a trend similar to that of the training images, demonstrating the high applicability and reliability of the SNESIM algorithm in pore structure reconstruction. However, the core slices used in this study were all taken from the same core. Effectively transferring the pore structures from the 2D plane to the 3D pore space and restoring the pore structures to the greatest extent still requires further research. In particular, when dealing with complex pore structures, the accuracy and performance of the SNESIM algorithm need further improvement. Future research will focus on optimizing the algorithm to handle more diverse pore structures and exploring 3D reconstruction methods to more comprehensively describe and analyze the pore characteristics in actual porous media.
Research on the Unsteady Flow Characteristics of High-Specific-Speed Axial Flow Impellers with Small Aspect Ratio and Double Blades
Authors: Lu Zhihui , Zhou Fangming , Wang Xiaofang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This study explores unsteady flow in high-specific-speed axial impellers with small aspect ratio through numerical simulations and experimental analysis and obtains unsteady pressure fluctuations, hydrodynamic characteristics, flow field, and vortex evolution mechanism for main and clearance flows. The results showed that amplitude was higher in the leading and trailing edges of blade in the streamline direction. The periodic pressure fluctuation peaked at 0.9Qd in the main flow field, leading to significant vibrations and noise. The suction surface had minimal impact on flow velocity, and leading edge suffered from highest pressure fluctuations. The pressure at the outlet of end faces of impellers was the lowest at mid-pitch, while that at the inlet fluctuated most significantly Impellers achieved the optimal performance at the design flow rate. In the clearance flow at 1.0Qd, pressure at the leading edge reached its maximum, with fluctuation peaks at 5 fr and 10 fr, especially at tip clearance near the trailing edge. Fewer fluctuation peaks at 1.0Qd indicated greater stability. Similar pressure fluctuation trends across tip clearance heights suggested leading edge as the most affected region. Our research findings provide an important basis for optimizing the performance of high-speed pump jets, improving propulsion efficiency, and reducing noise.
Nature Inspires Biomimetic Robots to Build Lattice Structures of Unprecedented Strength
Authors: Dhote Girish Motiram , Selvaraj Kiruba , Jain Arnika , Rajendran Sivakumar 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This paper presents Bio-Inspired Robotic System for Adaptive Lattice Construction (BIRALC), a novel approach for the fabrication of high-strength lattice structures using nature-inspired robotic systems and advanced computational algorithms. This system that can build and adapt high-strength structures far more efficiently than additive manufacturing (AM) methods, was created. The core components of BIRALC include a nature-inspired robotic design, a swarm of highly adaptable biomimetic robots that are based on natural builders such as wasps and termites, a nature-inspired lattice optimisation, and a detailed strength evaluation module to conduct comprehensive analysis. Experimental evaluation shows that when compared to leading AM techniques, BIRALC allows building structures with up to 131% improvement in ultimate compression strength and a 180% increase in elastic modulus. With regards to energy absorption, fracture toughness, and fatigue resistance, the improvement is up to 94%, 314%, and 76%, respectively. This adaptive system, using shape memory alloys, allows for a rapid response to changing loads and can adapt to changing ground conditions more than 43 times faster than lattices. Its strength recovery after self-healing is up to 21% higher than that of self-healing polymer composites. Besides, it is also environmentally superior to present AM techniques, enabling up to 42% reduction in energy consumption and up to 80% reduction in material waste.
Numerical Analysis of Modal and Flexural Behavior of Nanocomposite Adhesively Bonded Joints
Authors: Hülagü Burak , Acar Volkan , Çakır Ferit , Akbulut Hamit 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This study presents a detailed numerical and experimental investigation into the modal and flexural behaviors of nanocomposite adhesively bonded joints, specifically aluminum 2024 T3 adherents bonded with DP270 adhesive, reinforced with graphene nanoparticles. Initially, a finite element model was developed for the Double Strap Joint (DSJ) to determine its modal properties, and the results were solved using MATLAB. These results were closely aligned with those obtained from both ANSYS simulations and experimental data. Building on this validation, other joint types were analyzed using finite element methods, eliminating the need for additional experiments. The study compared the modal and flexural behaviors of various joint configurations, with particular attention to the influence of graphene reinforcement. Among the configurations, DSJ and Tapered Double Strap Joint (TSJ) exhibited the highest stiffness and load-bearing capacity. The findings suggest that graphene nanoparticles significantly enhance the mechanical performance of the joints, offering valuable insights for various engineering applications.
Factors affecting emerging infectious disease prevention behaviors among young workers: A study based on ecological modeling
Authors: Park HyoEun , Song Hye-young 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
This cross-sectional, descriptive survey study aimed to identify the factors affecting emerging infectious disease prevention behaviors among young workers aged < 40 years. The factors affecting infection prevention behaviors among young workers were investigated with respect to perception of personal, inter-personal, organizational, and community responses based on ecological modeling.
Methods
A total of 260 young workers residing in Jeollabuk-do region in South Korea were selected via convenience sampling. Multiple regression analysis performed to assess the factors affecting emerging infectious disease prevention behaviors.
Results
Multiple regression analysis revealed that infection prevention behaviors were significantly higher among healthy female participants compared with that in not very healthy female participants. Furthermore, infection prevention behaviors were significantly lower among those residing with family members with a confirmed diagnosis compare with that in those who did not. The infection prevention behaviors were higher among participants with higher levels of perceived susceptibility and perceived self-efficacy showed higher infection prevention behaviors.
Conclusion
Thus, health managers should actively promote the implementation of infection prevention behaviors in the workplace by developing executable infection prevention guidelines and programs to enhance the perceived susceptibility and self-efficacy of workers in preparation for outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases.
Dioscin from Smilax china Rhizomes: A Potential Antithrombotic Agent Inhibiting Platelet Activation and Thrombus Formation via Signaling Pathway Modulation
Authors: Lee Ga Hee , Lee Jin Pyo , Heo Nayoon , Lee Chang-Dae , Kim Gyeongchan , Lee Sanghyun , Lee Dong-Ha 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of mortality in the United States, is caused by abnormal platelet accumulation and coagulation. Dioscin has been reported to suppress the growth of tumor-associated cells and trigger apoptosis. However, its mechanism in inhibiting platelet activation has not been confirmed. This study investigates whether dioscin from Smilax china rhizome exerts antithrombotic effects by regulating the activation of human platelets and explains its mechanism of action. Dioscin increased the production of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). This increase induced the phosphorylation of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor (IP3R), which inhibited the dense Ca2+ release channels, thereby reducing Ca2+ mobilization. Furthermore, it promoted the phosphorylation of vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP), which suppressed integrin αIIb/β3 and fibrinogen binding, thus inhibiting platelet activation. Dioscin stimulated phosphorylation of phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), which are proteins associated with platelet granule release and thromboxane A2 (TXA2) production. Therefore, dioscin from S. china rhizomes exhibited possess antiplatelet effects that could delay or halt thrombus formation by regulating the phosphorylation of various signaling molecules and related proteins, thus suggesting dioscin’s potential value for development as an antithrombotic agent.
Degradation of Epoxy Resins in Water for Recovery of Small Organic Molecules: The Use of Platinum Catalyst under Hydrothermal Conditions
Authors: Nozaki Kyoko , Liao Yumeng , Hosokawa Satomi , Takahashi Kohei , Nakagawa Shintaro , Yoshie Naoko , Yamasaki Yuki 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Efficient degradation of amine-cured bisphenol A-based epoxy resins to recover phenol compounds (bisphenol A, 4-isopropylphenol, and phenol, up to 71%) without any stoichiometric additives has been achieved by using commercially available platinum catalysts in subcritical water at 250°C. The broad applicability of the catalytic system was demonstrated for the degradation of various amine- or anhydride-cured epoxy resins. Control experiments using model compounds revealed the importance of the γ-aminoalkyl moiety for progress of the reaction. The role of the platinum catalyst is suggested to be as a soft Lewis acid compatible with subcritical water.
High Blood Pressure Inhibits Cardiovascular Responsiveness to Expressive Classical Music
Authors: Pope Vanessa C. , Soliński Mateusz , Lambiase Pier D. , Chew Elaine 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Music lowers hypertensive patients’ blood pressure (BP) in the long-term, but the dynamics of BP during music-listening are not well understood. This study aims to determine: (1) whether individuals with high and normal BP respond to music differently; and, (2) whether music’s loudness or tempo drives these differences. Music with computer-altered tempo and loudness is rendered on a reproducing piano to 40 middle-aged participants, 20 with baseline BP above 140/90 mmHg (H-bBP) and 20 below (N-bBP) but above 90/60 mmHg, paired by playlist. Continuous BP was recorded whilst they listened to playlists of 9 tempo-and loudness-transposed versions of 8 distinct pieces of Western classical music (40 min) after a 5-minute baseline silence. Both participant groups’ mean systolic and diastolic BP rose significantly higher than baseline during music, with normotensives’ mean systolic and diastolic BP rising significantly more than hypertensives’. Both groups’ BP variability (indexed by range and standard deviation of continuous BP measurements) reduced during faster tempi, but not during increased loudness. BP variability is significantly higher for both groups during the slowest pieces, which maintain the originally performed tempi. These findings suggest that music’s long-term benefit, like exercise, may come from its power to temporarily physiologically activate listeners.
Life expectancy loss and recovery by age and sex following catastrophic events in Europe during the 19th and 20th centuries
Authors: Silva Eliud , Aburto José Manuel 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Following catastrophic events, such as pandemics or wars, a systematic loss in life expectancy at birth (\(\:{e}_{0}\)) can be observed. We aimed to estimate the time required for \(\:{e}_{0}\) to recover after mortality crises and identify which age groups either contribute to the decline or assist in restoring pre-crisis levels. We focused exclusively on analyzing the largest European pandemics and wars of the 19th and 20th centuries, using data from the Human Mortality Database (HMD). To achieve this, we employed Arriaga's decomposition to examine two specific \(\:{e}_{0}{\prime\:}\)s: one just before the most substantial decline during the mortality crisis, marking the deepest drop, and another at the point where recovery is observed. The events were categorized into pandemics and non-pandemics and further stratified by sex. Various statistical tests were conducted to enable valid comparisons. Our findings reveal that World Wars caused the most significant declines in \(\:{e}_{0}\). Statistical analyses indicate no significant disparities based on the type of event or sex. Notably, youth and children emerge as the primary age group contributing to the decline and recovery of \(\:{e}_{0}\) following both catastrophic events. However, not all of them fully recover to the mortality levels observed before the crisis.
TPX2 is a downstream target of the eIF4A controlled translational program in neuroblastoma
Authors: Durinck Kaat , Nunes Carolina , Bekaert Sarah-Lee , Parsa Sara , Nelen iris , Martens Fien , de Stanchina Elisa , Sanders Ellen , Tsas Sara , Zhao Peihua , Devloed Fanny , Eggermont Aline , Sablina Anna , Depestel Lisa , Wendel Hans-Guido 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Current therapies for neuroblastoma are often ineffective and survivors suffer from severe long-term therapy related side-effects, underscoring the need for identification of novel drugging strategies. We performed an in-depth evaluation of phenotypic and molecular responses following exposure of neuroblastoma cells to the rocaglate CR-1-31-B, scrutinizing its mode-of-action through integrative ribosome footprinting and shotgun proteome profiling. We could show that CR-1-31-B significantly reduces tumor growth in vivo without apparent toxicity. By means of combined ribosome footprinting and transcriptome analysis we uncovered that CR-1-31-B treatment downregulates translation efficiencies of several major neuroblastoma dependencies including MYCN, CCND1 and ALK as well as factors involved in the G2/M checkpoint. Upregulated targets are enriched for oxidative phosphorylation pathway components and DNA repair. At the proteome level, CR-1-31-B imposed downregulation of a FOXM1 driven signature, including the FOXM1 target gene TPX2. We show that neuroblastoma cells are dependent on TPX2 for growth and DNA repair with knockdown sensitizing tumor cells to pharmacological CHK1 inhibition. In keeping with this finding, we observed synergistic effects of CHK1 inhibition in combination with CR-1-31-B. In conclusion, our data support CR-1-31-B as a potent novel therapeutic agent in neuroblastoma, in particular in combination with DNA damage or replication stress inducing agents.
complications and challenges of sternoclavicular hook plates for treating sternoclavicular joint dislocations
Authors: Sheng LI , Jie Jie , Sheng Xiaoyong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

objective
This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and complications associated with the use of sternoclavicular hook plates for the treatment of traumatic sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) dislocations.
Methods
This study retrospectively analyzed the use of sternoclavicular (SC) hook plates for treating sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) dislocations, with a particular focus on identifying hardware-related complications such as plate breakages and fixation failures. A cohort of patients who underwent SC hook plate fixation was evaluated based on clinical outcomes, functional recovery, and the occurrence of complications. Data collection included postoperative imaging (X-rays and CT scans) to assess joint repositioning and hardware integrity, as well as functional assessments using the Constant Shoulder Score (CSS) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain.
Results
The utilization of hook plates led to successful joint stabilization and notable functional enhancement, as evidenced by the mean CSS scores increasing from 36.4 preoperatively to 86.6 postoperatively, and VAS scores decreasing from 7.2 to 1.6. However, 4 patients (8.7%) experienced plate breakages with no redislocation, and 1 patient (2%) encountered fixation failure necessitating revision surgeries. No major neurovascular complications were reported.
Conclusions
Despite providing effective stabilization for SCJ dislocations, sternoclavicular hook plates are associated with hardware-related issues, including plate breakages and fixation failures. Enhancements in implant design, surgical procedures, and patient selection are imperative in mitigating these concerns and enhancing long-term outcomes. Future research should prioritize the development of more robust implants and exploration of alternative treatment modalities.
Built Environment of Basic Schools and Performance Outcomes in Rural Ghana: Learners’ Voice
Authors: Yahaya Mohammed , Braimah Imoro , Adu-Gyamfi Albert , Nanor Michael Ayertey 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The school is the home of many learners because they spend a significant amount of their time in school. Therefore, the built environment of the school is expected to affect learners’ engagement, welfare, and experience. This study aimed to examine how the built environment of schools affects performance outcomes in basic education in rural Ghana. The built environment is conceptualized as comprising school buildings, ancillary facilities, and didactic equipment, which collectively constitute educational infrastructure. Using a cross-sectional design, the study sampled 86 public basic schools and 949 learners from three rural districts in northern Ghana. The findings indicate that many schools in these districts lack adequate educational infrastructure. While challenges are moderate in schools in capital towns, they escalate in schools along major roads and reach extreme levels in remote areas. A significant correlation was established between the availability of educational infrastructure and performance outcomes across different geographical locations. The study concludes that targeted policy interventions are necessary to improve the quality of the built environment of schools to enhance the engagement and performances of learners in rural areas of Ghana.