bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Self-Reported Intimate Partner Violence Victimization Among Military Personnel: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Sparrow Katherine , Dickson Hannah , Kwan Jamie , Howard Louise , Fear Nicola , MacManus Deirdre 
Published: June 2018

Background: Research on intimate partner violence (IPV) in the military has tended to focus on military personnel as perpetrators and civilian partners/spouses as victims. However, studies have found high levels of IPV victimization among military personnel. This article systematically reviews studies of the prevalence of self-reported IPV victimization among military populations. Methods: Searches of four electronic databases (Embase, Medline, PsycINFO, and Web of Science) were supplemented by reference list screening. Meta-analyses of the available data were performed, where possible, using the random effects model. Results: This review included 28 studies with a combined sample of 69,808 military participants. Overall, similar or higher prevalence rates of physical IPV victimization were found among males compared to females and this was supported by a meta-analytic subgroup analysis: pooled prevalence of 21% (95% confidence interval [CI] = [17.4, 24.6]) among males and 13.6% among females (95% CI [9.5, 17.7]). Psychological IPV was the most prevalent type of abuse, in keeping with findings from the general population. There were no studies on sexual IPV victimization among male personnel. Evidence for the impact of military factors, such as deployment or rank, on IPV victimization was conflicting. Discussion: Prevalence rates varied widely, influenced by methodological variation among studies. The review highlighted the lack of research into male IPV victimization in the military and the relative absence of research into impact of IPV. It is recommended that future research disaggregates results by gender and considers the impact of IPV, in order that gender differences can be uncovered.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: MicroRNA-488 inhibits tongue squamous carcinoma cell invasion and EMT by directly targeting ATF3
Authors: Shi Bingxia , Yan Wei , Liu Guolin , Guo Yanjun 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Background
It has been reported that the expression of activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) is closely associated with both microRNA (miRNA) processing and the progress of many cancers. Our study aimed to explore the interaction between ATF3 and miR-488 in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC).

Methods
Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to detect the levels of ATF3 and miR-488 in TSCC tissues and cell lines. Cell invasion and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) were assessed to determine the biological functions of miR-488 and ATF3 in TSCC cells. The mRNA and protein levels of ATF3 were measured using quantitative RT-PCR and western blotting. Luciferase assays were performed to validate ATF3 as an miR-488 target in TSCC cells.

Results
We found that the level of miR-488 significantly decreased and the expression of ATF3 significantly increased in TSCC tissues and cell lines. A low level of miR-488 was closely associated with increased expression of ATF3 in TSCC tissues. Introducing miR-488 significantly inhibited the invasion and EMT of TSCC cells, and knockdown of miR-488 promoted both processes. The bioinformatics analysis predicted that ATF3 is a potential target gene of miR-488. The luciferase reporter assay showed that miR-488 could directly target ATF3. ATF3 silencing had similar effects to miR-488 overexpression on TSCC cells. Overexpression of ATF3 in TSCC cells partially reversed the inhibitory effects of the miR-488 mimic.

Conclusion
miR-488 inhibited cell invasion and EMT of TSCC cells by directly downregulating ATF3 expression.
Lack of durable protection against cotton smoke‐induced acute lung injury in sheep by nebulized single chain urokinase plasminogen activator or tissue plasminogen activator
Authors: Fukuda Satoshi , Enkhbaatar Perenlei , Nelson Christina , Cox Robert A. , Wolfson Marla R. , Shaffer Thomas H. , Williams Robert O. , Surasarang Soraya Hengsawas , Sawittree Sahakijpijarn , Florova Galina , Komissarov Andrey A. , Koenig Kathleen , Sarva Krishna , Ndetan Harrison T. , Singh Karan P. , Idell Steven 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundAirway fibrin casts are clinically important complications of severe inhalational smoke‐induced acute lung injury (ISIALI) for which reliable evidence‐based therapy is lacking. Nebulized anticoagulants or a tissue plasminogen activator; tPA, has been advocated, but airway bleeding is a known and lethal potential complication. We posited that nebulized delivery of single chain urokinase plasminogen activator, scuPA, is well‐tolerated and improves physiologic outcomes in ISIALI. To test this hypothesis, we nebulized scuPA or tPA and delivered these agents every 4 h to sheep with cotton smoke induced ISIALI that were ventilated by either adaptive pressure ventilation/controlled mandatory ventilation (APVcmv; Group 1, n = 14) or synchronized controlled mandatory ventilation (SCMV)/limited suctioning; Group 2, n = 32). Physiologic readouts of acute lung injury included arterial blood gas analyses, PaO2/FiO2 ratios, peak and plateau airway pressures, lung resistance and static lung compliance. Lung injury was further assessed by histologic scoring. Biochemical analyses included determination of antigenic and enzymographic uPA and tPA levels, plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 activities and d‐dimer in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Plasma levels of uPA, tPA antigens, d‐dimers and α‐macroglobulin‐uPA complex levels were also assessed.ResultsIn Group 1, tPA at the 2 mg dose was ineffective, but at 4 mg tPA or scuPA, the PaO2/FiO2 ratios, peak/plateau pressures improved during evolving injury (p < 0.01) without significant differences at 48 h. To improve delivery of the interventions, the experiments were repeated in Group 2 with limited suctioning/SCMV, which generally increased PAs in (BAL). In Group 2, tPA was ineffective, but scuPA (4 or 8 mg) improved physiologic outcomes (p < 0.01) and plateau pressures remained lower at 48 h. Airway bleeding occurred at 8 mg tPA. BAL plasminogen activator (PA) levels positively correlated with physiologic outcomes at 48 h.ConclusionsPhysiologic outcomes improved in sheep in which better delivery of the PAs occurred. The benefits of nebulized scuPA were achieved without airway bleeding associated with tPA, but were transient and largely abrogated at 48 h, in part attributable to the progression and severity of ISIALI.
Compliance with enhanced recovery protocols in elderly patients undergoing colorectal resection
Authors: Hallam S , Rickard F , Reeves N , Messenger D , Shabbir J 
Published: June 2018

Introduction Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) is associated with reduced length of stay (LOS) and improved outcomes in colorectal surgery. It is unclear whether ERAS can be safely implemented in elderly patients undergoing complex colorectal resections. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of ERAS in patients of all ages undergoing colorectal surgery. Methods A prospective database of a consecutive series of patients undergoing colorectal resections with ERAS between August 2012 and December 2014 was evaluated. Patients were divided into four age groups. Outcomes studied were compliance with ERAS elements, LOS, morbidity and mortality. Results Of the 294 patients in the study cohort, 79 were <60 years, 81 were 60–69 years, 86 were 70–79 years and 48 were ≥80 years of age. There was no significant difference between age groups in compliance with ERAS elements. Age was not predictive of delayed discharge (LOS >6 days) or morbidity. Factors that were predictive of delayed discharge on multivariate analysis were open surgery (odds ratio [OR]: 2.23, p=0.003), conversion to open surgery (OR: 3.23, p=0.017), stoma formation (OR: 2.10, p=0.019) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR: 4.12, p=0.038). Factors predictive of morbidity on multivariate analysis comprised conversion to open surgery (OR: 7.72, p=0.004), high creatinine (OR: 1.03 per unit increase in creatinine, p=0.008) and stoma education (OR: 0.31, p=0.030). Conclusions ERAS can be successfully implemented in older patients. There was equal compliance with the ERAS programme across the four age groups and no significant effect of age on LOS or morbidity.
A Simple and Novel Fecal Biomarker for Colorectal Cancer: Ratio of Fusobacterium Nucleatum to Probiotics Populations, Based on Their Antagonistic Effect
Authors: Guo Songhe , Li Linfang , Xu Banglao , Li Manghui , Zeng Qiuyao , Xiao Han , Xue Ying , Wu Yixian , Wang Yidan , Liu Wanli , Zhang Ge 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Gut microbial dysbiosis contributes to the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). We evaluated the utility of fecal bacterial biomarker candidates identified by our 16S rDNA sequencing analysis for CRC diagnosis.

METHODS
We measured the relative abundance of Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (Fp), Bifidobacterium (Bb), and Lactobacillus (Lb) by quantitative PCR in fecal samples from 2 cohorts of 903 individuals. We evaluated and validated the diagnostic performance of these microbial ratios and investigated the antagonistic effect of Fn against 3 different indicator stains.

RESULTS
The microbial ratio of Fn to Bb (Fn/Bb) had a superior sensitivity of 84.6% and specificity of 92.3% in detecting CRC (area under the curve, AUC = 0.911). The combination of Fn/Bb and Fn/Fp improved the diagnostic value (AUC = 0.943). Moreover, the combination of Fn/Bb and Fn/Fp offered 60.0% specificity and 90.0% sensitivity in detecting stage I of CRC (AUC = 0.804). In particular, Fn was negatively correlated with Fp in the CRC group. The performance for CRC diagnosis was confirmed in the validation cohort II. The culture supernatant from Fn exhibited strong bactericidal activity against probiotics Fp and Bb strains.

CONCLUSIONS
This study found that Fn could play a role in microbiota dysbiosis via the secreted antagonistic substances against probiotics. Moreover, the ratio of Fn to the important probiotics Fp and Bb was identified as a valuable biomarker for screening early CRC.
Epidemiology and outcomes of electric burn injury: a study of 768 patients in a high volume tertiary care centre of North India
Authors: Srivastava Sunil , Kumari Hiranmayi , Singh Abhimanyu , Rai Rohit Kumar 
Published: June 2018

Background: Electrical burn injuries (EBI) comprise a small proportion of the total burn admissions but they inflict significant morbidity. The objective of this study was to analyse recent epidemiologic data and identify prevention measures.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted by reviewing the medical records of all burn admissions from April 2016 to March 2018 and data was analysed for demographic characteristics and outcomes and patterns of electric burn injury.Results: A total of 3136 admissions were made. Male to female ratio was 1.5:1.0. Rural: urban ratio was 2:1. Mode of injury was accidental (79%), suicidal (12%) and homicidal (9%). Flame burn (64.47%) topped the list of etiologic factors. Electric burn represented 24.49% which was quite significant when compared to other parts of the world. 1042 patients expired (33.22%). Out of the total electric burn admissions, 768 (24.49%) patients were of electric injury. 207 (27.01%) patients sustained low voltage (<1000 kv) injuries while 561 (73.04%) patients had high voltage (>1000 kv) injury. Most of the injuries were work related. There was a rise in serum creatine phosphokinases, myoglobinuria, renal failure, abnormal cardiac events and other concomitant injuries in the high voltage group. Reconstructive surgeries performed in both high and low voltage group was high. A total of 71 (9.24%) fasciotomy and 123 (16.01%) amputations were done. The mortality rate was 10.5%.Conclusions: EBI has a devastating influence on burn survivors. We advocate a low threshold for managing associated injuries, educating safety principles and improving infrastructure by the state to curb this preventable danger.
Direct contact membrane distillation applied to saline wastewater: parameter optimization
Authors: Abdelkader Sana , Boubakri Ali , Geissen Sven Uwe , Bousselmi Latifa 
Published: June 2018

AbstractFreshwater availability is increasingly under pressure from growing demand, resource depletion and environmental pollution. Desalination of saline wastewater is an option for supplying households, industry and agriculture with water, but technologies such as reverse osmosis, evaporation or electrodialysis are energy intensive. By contrast, membrane distillation (MD) is a competitive technology for water desalination. In our study, response surface methodology was applied to optimize the direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) treatment of synthetic saline wastewater. The aim was to enhance the process performance and the permeate flux Jp (L/m2·h) by optimizing the operating parameters: temperature difference ΔT, feed velocity Vf, salt concentration [NaCl], and glucose concentration [Gluc]. The results are a high permeate quality, with 99.9% electrical conductivity reduction and more than 99.9% chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate. The predicted optimum permeate flux Jp was 34.1 L/m2·h at ΔT = 55.2 °C and Vf = 0.086 m/s, the two most significant parameters. The model created showed a high degree of correlation between the experimental and the predicted responses, with high statistical significance.
Emergence of New Predictors Projecting the Definite Article Variability: Evidence from Nigerian English
Authors: Akinlotan Mayowa 
Published: June 2018

An important syntactic system in the noun phrase (NP) is the definite article system. The definite article system in emerging varieties of English, such as Nigerian and Indian, have been shown to manifest varying degrees of variability in their usages, given different contexts (Platt, Weber and Ho, 1984; Wahid, 2013; Akinlotan, 2016b; Akinlotan 2017). In addition to the fact that little has been done in quantifying this phenomenon, too little number of predictors explicating the scenarios where we might find certain definite article usages in different but specific contexts in emerging varieties has also been put forward. Following Wahid (2013), a revision of Hawkins’s (1978) theoretical framework for the definite article usages, together with test statistic, the present study investigated 19276 tokens of the, spread across seven text types of academic, media, learner, interactional, popular, literary, and administrative. The study which Akinlotan expands (2017) shows that previously untested predictors of presence/absence of premodification and determiner structure, animacy and class of the head noun, and syntactic function of the NP, account for variability in the definite article usage in our corpus. In fact, these newly tested predictors show stronger influence than a well-known predictor of register (Biber et al., 1999; Wahid, 2013).
Face, construct, and concurrent validity of a simulation model for laparoscopic ovariectomy in standing horses
Authors: Elarbi Mustafa M. , Ragle Claude A. , Fransson Boel A. , Farnsworth Kelly D. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop and validate a simulation model for laparoscopic ovariectomy in standing horses.
DESIGN Prospective cohort study.
SAMPLE 15 third-year veterinary students and 4 equine surgeons with experience in laparoscopy.
PROCEDURES A simulation model that mimicked laparoscopic ovariectomy in standing horses was developed. Face validity of the model was determined with a questionnaire completed by the equine surgeons. Construct validity was determined by comparing performance scores (based on time to completion and accuracy completing various operative tasks) for simulated laparoscopic ovariectomy performed in the model for the students with scores for the equine surgeons. Concurrent validity was assessed by comparing performance scores with scores obtained with the validated McGill Inanimate System for Training and Evaluation of Laparoscopic Skills (MISTELS).
RESULTS Questionnaire responses indicated that the simulation model replicated the operative experience to a high degree (face validity). Performance scores for simulated laparoscopic ovariectomy performed in the model were significantly different between the students and the equine surgeons (construct validity). Performance scores for the simulation model were significantly correlated with scores for the MISTELS (concurrent validity).
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggested that the simulation model had face, construct, and concurrent validity, suggesting that it may be useful when training students to perform laparoscopic ovariectomy in standing horses.
Game Design Lineages: Minecraft’s Inventory
Authors: Bateman Chris , Zagal José P. 
Published: June 2018

Game design is conditioned by the practice, both formal and inormal, of drawing from previous designs as a source of knowledge and inspiration. Innovation in game design is thus often the result of old ideas recombined in novel ways. We propose the concept of the game design lineage as a framework for tracing, analyzing, understanding and explaining the historical significance of specific design elements in games. In addition to game design elements, a design lineage should consider a game’s socio-cultural context, including the design and player practices of its creators, and the relationship between these and the prevailing player practices of the time. We contrast this with approaches that consider individual games as their unit of analysis – e.g. comparing different games with each other and establishing connections between them without considering the historical context of their player practices. We feel this approach, while insightful for understanding changes between games that are superficially similar, risks implying a strict Linnaean-style inheritance pattern (inheritance by genre), and thus struggles to account for games with a diversity of design elements that originate elsewhere. We argue that the flow of influences in game design is typically fluid and heterogeneous, and not constrained by genre. Key to this concept of a game design lineage is the role of player practices; i.e. how players receive, perceive and interact with games, and the ways these have shaped the ideas that are then implemented. We illustrate the game design lineage approach with an analysis of Minecraft’s inventory system, tracing its different elements across multiple games, genres, designers, and player practices.
The English Vocabulary Acquisition of the Students of State Junior High School 2 Parepare
Authors: Rafiqa Rafiqa 
Published: June 2018

The Objective of the research: to get information about the English vocabulary acquisition of the seventh, the eight and the ninth grade of students of state junior high school 2 Parepare. The researcher applied cross-sectional design to investigate differences between participants that vary by grade. The research population were all pupils who learned English, so the population of this research were students of State Junior High School 2 Parepare. They are the seventh grade which consist of 210 students, eight grade which consist of 208 students, and ninth grade consist of 234 students. The total number of population are 652.The researcher took sample from each grade by using random sampling technique. At the seventh grade consist of 36 students, at the ninth grade consist of 34 students, and the ninth grade consist of 32 students, so total number of sample are 102.
The result of this research showed that mean score of each grade were different. Mean score of seventh grade were 6,0778, it was lower than eight grade and ninth grade. Mean score of eight grade were 8,1088 means that it was in the middle between seventh and ninth group. And then mean score at ninth grade were 9,2500, it was a higher mean score than eight grade and seventh grade. Based on mean score from students of each grade showed that students of higher grade would they have higher vocabulary size.
Binary Companions of Evolved Stars in APOGEE DR14: Search Method and Catalog of ∼5000 Companions
Authors: Price-Whelan Adrian M. , Hogg David W. , Rix Hans-Walter , De Lee Nathan , Majewski Steven R. , Nidever David L. , Troup Nicholas , Fernández-Trincado José G. , García-Hernández Domingo A. , Longa-Peña Penélope , Nitschelm Christian , Sobeck Jennifer , Zamora Olga 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Multi-epoch radial velocity measurements of stars can be used to identify stellar, substellar, and planetary-mass companions. Even a small number of observation epochs can be informative about companions, though there can be multiple qualitatively different orbital solutions that fit the data. We have custom-built a Monte Carlo sampler (The Joker) that delivers reliable (and often highly multimodal) posterior samplings for companion orbital parameters given sparse radial velocity data. Here we use The Joker to perform a search for companions to 96,231 red giant stars observed in the APOGEE survey (DR14) with ≥3 spectroscopic epochs. We select stars with probable companions by making a cut on our posterior belief about the amplitude of the variation in stellar radial velocity induced by the orbit. We provide (1) a catalog of 320 companions for which the stellar companion’s properties can be confidently determined, (2) a catalog of 4898 stars that likely have companions, but would require more observations to uniquely determine the orbital properties, and (3) posterior samplings for the full orbital parameters for all stars in the parent sample. We show the characteristics of systems with confidently determined companion properties and highlight interesting systems with candidate compact object companions.
Multiplexed Division Tracking Dyes for Proliferation-Based Clonal Lineage Tracing
Authors: Horton Miles B. , Prevedello Giulio , Marchingo Julia M. , Zhou Jie H. S. , Duffy Ken R. , Heinzel Susanne , Hodgkin Philip D. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The generation of cellular heterogeneity is an essential feature of immune responses. Understanding the heritability and asymmetry of phenotypic changes throughout this process requires determination of clonal-level contributions to fate selection. Evaluating intraclonal and interclonal heterogeneity and the influence of distinct fate determinants in large numbers of cell lineages, however, is usually laborious, requiring familial tracing and fate mapping. In this study, we introduce a novel, accessible, high-throughput method for measuring familial fate changes with accompanying statistical tools for testing hypotheses. The method combines multiplexing of division tracking dyes with detection of phenotypic markers to reveal clonal lineage properties. We illustrate the method by studying in vitro–activated mouse CD8+ T cell cultures, reporting division and phenotypic changes at the level of families. This approach has broad utility as it is flexible and adaptable to many cell types and to modifications of in vitro, and potentially in vivo, fate monitoring systems.
Exchange rates expectations and chaotic dynamics: a replication study
Authors: Belaire-Franch Jorge 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
In this paper the author analyzes the behavior of exchange rates expectations for four currencies, by considering a re-calculation and an extension of Resende and Zeidan (Expectations and chaotic dynamics: empirical evidence on exchange rates, Economics Letters, 2008). Considering Lyapunov exponent-based tests results, they are not supportive of chaos in exchange rates expectations, although the so-called 0–1 test strongly supports the chaos hypothesis.