bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interplay of α/β-Relaxation Dynamics and the Shape of Ionomer Building Blocks
Authors: Matos Bruno R. , Politano Rodolfo , Rey José Fernando Q. , Hermida-Merino Daniel , Schade Ulrich , Puskar Ljiljana , Fonseca Fabio C. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe relation between the α/β relaxations and the shape of the building blocks of ionomer materials is a key factor for programming an important temperature-dependent property: the memory of shape. However, the morphology of ionomers is indirectly obtained via modeling of small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) data owing to the hardly accessible image characterization of the nanometric building blocks ‒ micelle-like cylindrical polymeric aggregates (radius ~2–6 nm and length >100 nm). Herein, broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS) measurements, free from electrode polarization effects, allowed identifying the time and temperature dependence of the polarization of different length scales of the ionomer matrix, and more importantly, by directly providing the aspect ratio of the radius and length of the polymeric aggregates for each desired temperature. This finding is essential for controlling the shape of ionomer based functional products under several stimuli conditions, thereby advancing remarkable applications, such as four dimensional (4D) printing.
Matrin-3 is essential for fibroblast growth factor 2-dependent maintenance of neural stem cells
Authors: Niimori-Kita Kanako , Tamamaki Nobuaki , Koizumi Daikai , Niimori Daisuke 
Published: September 2018

AbstractTo investigate the mechanisms underlying the maintenance of neural stem cells, we performed two-dimensional fluorescence-difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) targeting the nuclear phosphorylated proteins. Nuclear phosphorylated protein Matrin-3 was identified in neural stem cells (NSCs) after stimulation using fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2). Matrin-3 was expressed in the mouse embryonic subventricular and ventricular zones. Small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown of Matrin-3 caused neuronal differentiation of NSCs in vitro, and altered the cerebral layer structure of foetal brain in vivo. Transfection of Matrin-3 plasmids in which the serine 208 residue was point-mutated to alanine (Ser208Ala mutant Matrin3) and inhibition of Ataxia telangiectasia mutated kinase (ATM kinase), which phosphorylates Matrin-3 Ser208 residue, caused neuronal differentiation and decreased the proliferation of neurosphere-forming stem cells. Thus, our proteomic approach revealed that Matrin-3 phosphorylation was essential for FGF2-dependent maintenance of NSCs in vitro and in vivo.
An original design of remote robot-assisted intubation system
Authors: Wang Xinyu , Tao Yuanfa , Tao Xiandong , Chen Jianglong , Jin Yifeng , Shan Zhengxiang , Tan Jiyang , Cao Qixin , Pan Tiewen 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe success rate of pre-hospital endotracheal intubation (ETI) by paramedics is lower than physicians. We aimed to establish a remote robot-assisted intubation system (RRAIS) and expected it to improve success rate of pre-hospital ETI. To test the robot’s feasibility, 20 pigs were intubated by direct laryngoscope or the robot system. Intubation time, success rate, airway complications were recorded during the experiment. The animal experiment showed that participants achieved a higher success rate in absolute numbers by the robot system. In summary, we have successfully developed a remote robot-assisted intubation system. It is promising for RRAIS to improve the success rate of pre-hospital ETI and change the current rescue model.
Investigation of the hydrophobic and acoustic properties of bio windmill palm materials
Authors: Chen Changjie , Wang Zhong , Zhang You , Bi Ming , Nie Kaiwei , Wang Guohe 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWindmill palm fibers are an abundant lignin-cellulose fiber resource. Single palm fibers can be prepared using an alkali treatment method. However, these fibers have hydrophilic surfaces, and following drying the fibers exhibit serious aggregation. This limits their application as acoustic materials. In this work, both alkali and acetylation treatments were used to modify the characteristics of windmill palm fibers. These treatments caused the surface of the fibers to become hydrophobic and increased the specific area and free vacuum space of the fibers, thus lowering energy loss. Scanning electron microscope observations combined with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy showed that the acetylation treatment resulted in the substitution of hydroxyl groups with acetyl groups, and the formation of nanoscale pores (10~50 nm). The results of the moisture-absorption and contact-angle tests showed that the moisture regain value decreased to 3.86%, and the contact angle increased to above 140° after acetylation treatment. The average sound absorption coefficients of the alkalized and acetylated nonwoven fabrics were 0.31 and 0.36, respectively. The masses of the acetylated samples were 50% those of the windmill palm sheath samples.
Early postoperative controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score is associated with complication III-V after hepatectomy in hepatocellular carcinoma: A retrospective cohort study of 1,334 patients
Authors: Li Lei , Liu Chang , Yang Jiayin , Wu Hong , Wen Tianfu , Wang Wentao , Li Bo , Yan Lvnan 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPostoperative complication III-V is closely related with hepatectomy-related mortality for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between CONUTS and postoperative complication III-V. 1334 HCC patients who underwent hepatectomy were divided into two groups: high CONUTS group (early postoperative CONUTS ≥ 8, n = 659) and low CONUTS group (early postoperative CONUTS < 8, n = 675). The characteristics and clinical outcomes were compared and analyzed. Risk factors for postoperative complication III-V were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analysis. early postoperative CONUTS showed a good prediction ability for postoperative complication III-V (AUROC = 0.653, P < 0.001), with the cut-off value of 8. The high CONUTS group had higher incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications (12.0% vs 7.9%, P = 0.011), bile leakage (2.6% vs 0.9%, P = 0.018), intra-abdominal hemorrhage (4.9% vs 1.6%, P = 0.001), postoperative liver failure Grade C (3.6% vs 1.0%, P = 0.002), complication III-V (15.6% vs 6.2%, P < 0.001), length of ICU stay > 48 hours (9.4% vs 4.1%, P < 0.001) and mortality in 90 days (2.6% vs 0.4%, P = 0.001), longer period of postoperative hospitalization (10 (8–13) vs 9 (7–11) days, P < 0.001). Multivariable analysis revealed that early postoperative CONUTS ≥ 8 (OR = 2.054, 95%CI = 1.371–3.078, P < 0.001) was independently associated with postoperative complication III-V. Early postoperative CONUTS ≥ 8 was identified as a novel risk factor for postoperative complication III-V, and should be further evaluated as a predictive marker for who are to undergo liver resection.
Expression of novel nitrate reductase genes in the harmful alga, Chattonella subsalsa
Authors: Wang Yanfei , Bouchard Josée N. , Coyne Kathryn J. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractEukaryotic nitrate reductase (NR) catalyzes the first step in nitrate assimilation and is regulated transcriptionally in response to external cues and intracellular metabolic status. NRs are also regulated post-translationally in plants by phosphorylation and binding of 14-3-3 proteins at conserved serine residues. 14-3-3 binding motifs have not previously been identified in algal NRs. A novel NR (NR2-2/2HbN) with a 2/2 hemoglobin domain was recently described in the alga Chattonella subsalsa. Here, a second NR (NR3) in C. subsalsa is described with a 14-3-3 binding motif but lacking the Heme-Fe domain found in other NRs. Transcriptional regulation of both NRs was examined in C. subsalsa, revealing differential gene expression over a diel light cycle, but not under constant light. NR2 transcripts increased with a decrease in temperature, while NR3 remained unchanged. NR2 and NR3 transcript levels were not inhibited by growth on ammonium, suggesting constitutive expression of these genes. Results indicate that Chattonella responds to environmental conditions and intracellular metabolic status by differentially regulating NR transcription, with potential for post-translational regulation of NR3. A survey of algal NRs also revealed the presence of 14-3-3 binding motifs in other algal species, indicating the need for future research on regulation of algal NRs.
Implications for the impairment of the rapid channel closing of Proteomonas sulcata anion channelrhodopsin 1 at high Cl− concentrations
Authors: Tsukamoto Takashi , Kikuchi Chihiro , Suzuki Hiromu , Aizawa Tomoyasu , Kikukawa Takashi , Demura Makoto 
Published: September 2018

AbstractNatural anion channelrhodopsins (ACRs) have recently received increased attention because of their effectiveness in optogenetic manipulation for neuronal silencing. In this study, we focused on Proteomonas sulcata ACR1 (PsuACR1), which has rapid channel closing kinetics and a rapid recovery to the initial state of its anion channel function that is useful for rapid optogenetic control. To reveal the anion concentration dependency of the channel function, we investigated the photochemical properties of PsuACR1 using spectroscopic techniques. Recombinant PsuACR1 exhibited a Cl− dependent spectral red-shift from 531 nm at 0.1 mM to 535 nm at 1000 mM, suggesting that it binds Cl− in the initial state with a Kd of 5.5 mM. Flash-photolysis experiments revealed that the photocycle was significantly changed at high Cl− concentrations, which led not only to suppression of the accumulation of the M-intermediate involved in the Cl− non-conducting state but also to a drastic change in the equilibrium state of the other photo-intermediates. Because of this, the Cl− conducting state is protracted by one order of magnitude, which implies an impairment of the rapid channel closing of PsuACR1 in the presence of high concentrations of Cl−.
Survival predictors in elderly patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: a prospective observational cohort study
Authors: Kao Kuo-Chin , Hsieh Meng-Jer , Lin Shih-Wei , Chuang Li-Pang , Chang Chih-Hao , Hu Han-Chung , Wang Chiu-Hua , Li Li-Fu , Huang Chung-Chi , Wu Huang-Pin 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAcute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has a high mortality rate in intensive care units (ICU). The elderly patients remain to be increased of ICU patients. The aim is to investigate the survival predictors of elderly patients with ARDS. We reported a prospective observational cohort research, including the patients with ARDS between October 2012 and May 2015. Demographic, comorbidities, severity, lung mechanics, laboratory data and survival outcomes were analyzed. A total of 463 patients with ARDS were ≥65 years old were enrolled and analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) [odds ratio (OR) 1.111, 95% CI 1.010–1.222, p = 0.031], Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score (OR 1.127, 95% CI 1.054–1.206, p < 0.001) and peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) (OR 1.061, 95% CI 1.024–1.099, p = 0.001) which were independently associated with hospital mortality. Regarding the subgroups patients as 65–74 years old, 75–84 years old and ≥85 years old, the baseline characteristics were not significant difference and the hospital mortality rates were also not significant difference. In conclusion, CCI, SOFA score and PIP were identified as survival predictors in elderly patient with ARDS. Assessing comorbidities with CCI is essential in predicting the survival for elderly patients with ARDS.
Transcriptome analysis of differentially expressed unigenes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis during flower development of Chrysanthemum morifolium ‘Chuju’
Authors: Yue Junyang , Zhu Chuanxue , Zhou Yu , Niu Xiangli , Miao Min , Tang Xiaofeng , Chen Fadi , Zhao Weiping , Liu Yongsheng 
Published: September 2018

AbstractChrysanthemum morifolium is an ornamentally and medicinally important plant species. Up to date, molecular and genetic investigations have largely focused on determination of flowering time in the ornamental species. However, little is known about gene regulatory networks for the biosynthesis of flavonoids in the medicinal species. In the current study, we employed the high-throughput sequencing technology to profile the genome-wide transcriptome of C. morifolium ‘Chuju’, a famous medicinal species in traditional Chinese medicine. A total of 63,854 unigenes with an average length of 741 bp were obtained. Bioinformatic analysis has identified a great number of structural and regulatory unigenes potentially participating in the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway. According to the comparison of digital gene expression, 8,370 (3,026 up-regulated and 5,344 down-regulated), 1,348 (717 up-regulated and 631 down-regulated) and 944 (206 up-regulated and 738 down-regulated) differentially expressed unigenes (DEUs) were detected in the early, middle and mature growth phases, respectively. Among them, many DEUs were implicated in controlling the biosynthesis and composition of flavonoids from the budding to full blooming stages during flower development. Furthermore, the expression patterns of 12 unigenes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis were generally validated by using quantitative real time PCR. These findings could shed light on the molecular basis of flavonoid biosynthesis in C. morifolium ‘Chuju’ and provide a genetic resource for breeding varieties with improved nutritional quality.
Parallel fabrication of spiral surface structures by interference pattern of circularly polarized beams
Authors: Nakata Yoshiki , Yoshida Masataka , Miyanaga Noriaki 
Published: September 2018

AbstractMass migration of photo-isomeric azo-polymers occurs according to the light intensity gradient, and the morphological surface structure can be fabricated by the artificial distribution of light by applying the interference properties of coherent laser light. Recently, the optical radiation force has played an important role in the morphology for dielectric targets, and chiral structures have been fabricated according to the spirally gathering force distribution that arises due to the electric susceptibility. On the contrary, interference laser processing has been applied to process the surface or interior of the material, and nano- or micro-structures in the lattice have been fabricated in a single exposure to the interference pattern. The unit structures are mostly axisymmetric nanowhiskers, nanodrops and nanobumps, among others. In this experiment, interference laser processing of an azo-polymer dielectric target using a circularly polarised continuous-wave (CW) laser was examined, and a spiral structure was successfully fabricated. From the viewpoint of laser processing method, an optical spiral radiation force was introduced in interference laser processing for the first time.
Children's Consonant Acquisition in 27 Languages: A Cross-Linguistic Review
Authors: McLeod Sharynne , Crowe Kathryn 
Published: September 2018

PurposeThe aim of this study was to provide a cross-linguistic review of acquisition of consonant phonemes to inform speech-language pathologists' expectations of children's developmental capacity by (a) identifying characteristics of studies of consonant acquisition, (b) describing general principles of consonant acquisition, and (c) providing case studies for English, Japanese, Korean, and Spanish.MethodA cross-linguistic review was undertaken of 60 articles describing 64 studies of consonant acquisition by 26,007 children from 31 countries in 27 languages: Afrikaans, Arabic, Cantonese, Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Greek, Haitian Creole, Hebrew, Hungarian, Icelandic, Italian, Jamaican Creole, Japanese, Korean, Malay, Maltese, Mandarin (Putonghua), Portuguese, Setswana (Tswana), Slovenian, Spanish, Swahili, Turkish, and Xhosa.ResultsMost studies were cross-sectional and examined single word production. Combining data from 27 languages, most of the world's consonants were acquired by 5;0 years;months old. By 5;0, children produced at least 93% of consonants correctly. Plosives, nasals, and nonpulmonic consonants (e.g., clicks) were acquired earlier than trills, flaps, fricatives, and affricates. Most labial, pharyngeal, and posterior lingual consonants were acquired earlier than consonants with anterior tongue placement. However, there was an interaction between place and manner where plosives and nasals produced with anterior tongue placement were acquired earlier than anterior trills, fricatives, and affricates.ConclusionsChildren across the world acquire consonants at a young age. Five-year-old children have acquired most consonants within their ambient language; however, individual variability should be considered.Supplemental Materialhttps://doi.org/10.23641/asha.6972857
Improving Hickson-like compact group finders in redshift surveys: an implementation in the SDSS
Authors: Díaz-Giménez Eugenia , Zandivarez Ariel , Taverna Antonela 
Published: September 2018

Aims.In this work we present an algorithm to identify compact groups (CGs) that closely follows Hickson’s original aim and that improves the completeness of the samples of compact groups obtained from redshift surveys.Methods.Instead of identifying CGs in projection first and then checking a velocity concordance criterion, we identify them directly in redshift space using Hickson-like criteria. The methodology was tested on a mock lightcone of galaxies built from the outputs of a recent semi-analytic model of galaxy formation run on top of the Millennium Simulation I after scaling to represent the first-yearPlanckcosmology.Results.The new algorithm identifies nearly twice as many CGs, no longer missing CGs that failed the isolation criterion because of velocity outliers lying in the isolation annulus. The new CG sample picks up lower surface brightness groups, which are both looser and with fainter brightest galaxies, missed by the classic method. A new catalogue of compact groups from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey is the natural corollary of this study. The publicly available sample comprises 462 observational groups with four or more galaxy members, of which 406 clearly fulfil all the compact group requirements: compactness, isolation, and velocity concordance of all of their members. The remaining 56 groups need further redshift information of potentially contaminating sources. This constitutes the largest sample of groups that strictly satisfy all the Hickson’s criteria in a survey with available spectroscopic information.
A catalogue of dense cores and young stellar objects in the Lupus complex based on Herschel Gould Belt Survey observations
Authors: Benedettini M. , Pezzuto S. , Schisano E. , André P. , Könyves V. , Men’shchikov A. , Ladjelate B. , Di Francesco J. , Elia D. , Arzoumanian D. , Louvet F. , Palmeirim P. , Rygl K. L. J. , Schneider N. , Spinoglio L. , Ward-Thompson D. 
Published: September 2018

Context. How the diffuse medium of molecular clouds condenses in dense cores and how many of these cores will evolve in protostars is still a poorly understood step of the star formation process. Much progress is being made in this field, thanks to the extensive imaging of star-forming regions carried out with the Herschel Space Observatory.
Aims. The Herschel Gould Belt Survey key project mapped the bulk of nearby star-forming molecular clouds in five far-infrared bands with the aim of compiling complete census of prestellar cores and young, embedded protostars. From the complete sample of prestellar cores, we aim at defining the core mass function and studying its relationship with the stellar initial mass function. Young stellar objects (YSOs) with a residual circumstellar envelope are also detected.
Methods. In this paper, we present the catalogue of the dense cores and YSOs/protostars extracted from the Herschel maps of the Lupus I, III, and IV molecular clouds. The physical properties of the detected objects were derived by fitting their spectral energy distributions.
Results. A total of 532 dense cores, out of which 103 are presumably prestellar in nature, and 38 YSOs/protostars have been detected in the three clouds. Almost all the prestellar cores are associated with filaments against only about one third of the unbound cores and YSOs/protostars. Prestellar core candidates are found even in filaments that are on average thermally subcritical and over a background column density lower than that measured in other star-forming regions so far. The core mass function of the prestellar cores peaks between 0.2 and 0.3 M⊙, and it is compatible with the log-normal shape found in other regions. Herschel data reveal several, previously undetected, protostars and new candidates of Class 0 and Class II with transitional disks. We estimate the evolutionary status of the YSOs/protostars using two independent indicators: the α index and the fitting of the spectral energy distribution from near- to far-infrared wavelengths. For 70% of the objects, the evolutionary stages derived with the two methods are in agreement.
Conclusions. Lupus is confirmed to be a very low-mass star-forming region, in terms of both the prestellar condensations and the diffuse medium. Noticeably, in the Lupus clouds we have found star formation activity associated with interstellar medium at low column density, usually quiescent in other (more massive) star-forming regions.
Exploring the biases of a new method based on minimum variance for interplanetary magnetic clouds
Authors: Démoulin P. , Dasso S. , Janvier M. 
Published: September 2018

Context. Magnetic clouds (MCs) are twisted magnetic structures ejected from the Sun and probed by in situ instruments. They are typically modeled as flux ropes (FRs).Aims. Magnetic field measurements are only available along the 1D spacecraft trajectory. The determination of the FR global characteristics requires the estimation of the FR axis orientation. Among the developed methods, the minimum variance (MV) is the most flexible, and features only a few assumptions. However, as other methods, MV has biases. We aim to investigate the limits of the method and extend it to a less biased method.Methods. We first identified the origin of the biases by testing the MV method on cylindrical and elliptical models with a temporal expansion comparable to the one observed in MCs. Then, we developed an improved MV method to reduce these biases.Results. In contrast with many previous publications we find that the ratio of the MV eigenvalues is not a reliable indicator of the precision of the derived FR axis direction. Next, we emphasize the importance of the FR boundaries selected since they strongly affect the deduced axis orientation. We have improved the MV method by imposing that the same amount of azimuthal flux should be present before and after the time of closest approach to the FR axis. We emphasize the importance of finding simultaneously the FR axis direction and the location of the boundaries corresponding to a balanced magnetic flux, so as to minimize the bias on the deduced FR axis orientation. This method can also define an inner flux-balanced sub-FR. We show that the MV results are much less biased when a compromize in size of this sub-FR is achieved.Conclusions. For weakly asymmetric field temporal profiles, the improved MV provides a very good determination of the FR axis orientation. The main remaining bias is moderate (lower than 6°) and is present mostly on the angle between the flux rope axis and the plane perpendicular to the Sun–Earth direction.