bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rethinking the Digital Divide: Smartphones as Translanguaging Tools Among Middle Eastern Refugees in New Jersey
Authors: McCaffrey Katherine T. , Taha Maisa C. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe article examines smartphone use among Middle Eastern refugee families recently resettled in northern New Jersey as an opportunity to reconceptualize the language barrier during the early stages of refugee resettlement. Smartphone access and use among families reveal the interlinguistic conditions of life in resettlement, and ethnographic research demonstrates the way a tech‐savvy population, conventionally considered “digitally unprepared,” creatively approaches communication. We explore smartphones as tools of translanguaging: a strategy in which speakers “mesh” and weave linguistic repertoires together. Qualitative research upends the idea of a language barrier as final or surmountable only through formal language instruction. Instead, smartphones offer multimodal communicative strategies with pragmatic and affective dimensions. We argue that refugees’ own culturally specific interactional norms and priorities can be revalorized within host societies as foundations for linguistic and social integration.
Predictive value of a novel pragmatic tool for post‐stroke aspiration risk: The Functional Bedside Aspiration Screen
Authors: Virvidaki Ioanna‐Eleni , Giannopoulos Sotirios , Nasios Grigorios , Dimakopoulos Georgios , Michou Emilia , Milionis Haralampos 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundThere is still a strong need for an optimal clinician‐friendly screening tool for the identification of aspiration risk in stroke patients. In this study, we present the development of a novel, context‐specific screening tool for the prediction of aspiration risk on recent stroke survivors, the Functional Bedside Aspiration Screen (FBAS), and examine its construct validity, reliability with the predictive values toward pragmatic patients' outcomes.MethodsWe conducted a prospective validation study of 104 acute ischemic stroke patients admitted to clinical wards in a tertiary university hospital. A group of experts developed and administered the FBAS 10‐point scale to all patients. Outcome measures were compared with those of the validated Yale Swallow Protocol (YSP, reference measure) and health indicators.Key ResultsA strong association was found between the FBAS cutoff criterion and the YSP (Pearson χ2 = 54.92, P < .001). A score of ≤8 on the FBAS presented with 93.3% sensitivity and 83.3% specificity in deeming patient with reduced safety for oral nutrition (AUC = 0.934, CI = 0.884‐0.985). An inverse relationship was found between performance on the FBAS and in‐hospital and long‐term outcome indicators. Patients who failed the FBAS were 1.82 times more likely to develop aspiration pneumonia (95% CI = 1.42‐2.35) and 1.35 times more likely to develop pneumonia within 3 months postonset (95% CI = 1.15‐1.59).Conclusions and InferencesThe FBAS is a potentially useful tool for timely prediction of aspiration risk and health outcome in acute stroke.
Anti‐incretin effect: The other face of Janus in human glucose homeostasis
Authors: Karras Spyridon N. , Koufakis Theocharis , Mustafa Omar G. , Kotsa Kalliopi 
Published: July 2019

SummaryThe provocative idea that type 2 diabetes (T2D) may be a surgically treated disorder is based on accumulating evidence suggesting impressive remission rates of obesity and diabetes following bariatric surgery interventions. According to the “anti‐incretin” theory, ingestion of food in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, apart from activating the well‐described incretin effect, also results in the parallel stimulation of a series of negative feedback mechanisms (anti‐incretin effect). The primary goal of these regulations is to counteract the effects of incretins and other postprandial glucose‐lowering adaptive mechanisms. Disruption of the equilibrium between incretins and anti‐incretins could be an additional pathway leading to the development of insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. This theory provides an alternative theoretical framework to explain the mechanisms behind the optimal effects of metabolic surgery on T2D and underlines the importance of the GI tract in the homeostatic regulation of energy balance in humans. The anti‐incretin concept is currently based on a limited amount of evidence and certainly requires further validation by additional studies. The aim of the present review is to discuss and critically evaluate recent evidence on the anti‐incretin theory, providing an insight into current state and future perspectives.
Perinatal self‐report of thoughts of self‐harm, depressive symptoms, and personality traits: Prospective study of Japanese community women
Authors: Takegata Mizuki , Takeda Satoru , Sakanashi Kyoko , Tanaka Tomoko , Kitamura Toshinori 
Published: July 2019

AimThe aim of this study was to identify women with thoughts of self‐harm preceded by suicidal ideation, during the perinatal period, on cluster analysis and to clarify their psychological correlates.MethodsA secondary analysis was conducted using the data from a longitudinal study involving 18 obstetric clinics between 2011 and 2012 in Kumamoto Prefecture (Japan). Self‐administered questionnaires including demographic data, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, Temperament and Character Inventory, and the Postnatal Bonding Questionnaire were distributed during the third trimester of pregnancy (wave 1), at 5 days (wave 2), and 1 month postpartum (wave 3).ResultsOn cluster analysis using the data of participants who answered all observational points, the participants were divided into two groups: cluster 1, normal (n = 201); and cluster 2, thoughts of self‐harm (n = 42). Low self‐directedness, low cooperativeness, higher anxiety, depression, and lack of affection and anger and rejection towards the baby were associated with cluster 2.ConclusionsThe finding that low self‐directedness and low cooperativeness were related to the cluster 2 group suggests that immature personality traits may work as a predisposing factor mediating between anxiety, depression and thoughts of self‐harm.
Dissimilar molecular and morphological patterns in an introgressed peripheral population of a sand dune species (Armeria pungens, Plumbaginaceae)
Authors: Nieto Feliner G. , Rosato M. , Alegre G. , San Segundo P. , Rosselló J. A. , Garnatje T. , Garcia S. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIntrogression is a poorly understood evolutionary outcome of hybridisation because it may remain largely undetected whenever it involves the transfer of small parts of the genome from one species to another. Aiming to understand the early stages of this process, a putative case from the southernmost border of theArmeria pungensrange from its congenerA. macrophyllais revisited following the discovery of a subpopulation that does not show phenotypic signs of introgression and resembles typicalA. pungens.We analysed morphometrics, nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS and plastid DNA (trnL‐trnF) sequences, genome size, 45S and 5S rDNA loci‐FISH data and nrDNA IGS sequences.Within the study site, most individuals match morphologies of either of the two hybridising species, particularly the new subpopulation, with intermediate phenotypes being scarce. This pattern does not fully fit molecular evidence revealing two ITS ribotypes co‐occurring intragenomically in most plants from the study site and one single plastid haplotype. Genome size and structural features of the IGS sequences both indicate thatA. pungensfrom the study site is genetically more similar to its sympatric congener than to the remainder of its conspecifics.Introgression ofA. macrophyllaintoA. pungensand plastid capture explain all the evidence analysed. However, important features to understand the origin and fate of the introgressed population, such as the degree and direction of introgression, which are important for understanding early stages of hybridisation in plants with low reproductive barriers, should be addressed with new data.
Trends in sociodemographic and health care factors in Portuguese and non‐Portuguese mothers giving birth in Portugal, 1995‐2014
Authors: Kana Musa Abubakar , Peleteiro Barbara , Correia Sofia , Barros Henrique 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundTime‐trend disparity in adverse pregnancy outcomes according to maternal nationality or immigration status has been well documented. In this study, we investigated time changes in individual‐level risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes that have not been given the needed attention.ObjectiveTo compare 20‐year trends in sociodemographic, obstetric, health care factors, and adverse pregnancy outcomes in Portuguese and non‐Portuguese women.MethodsWe studied 2 105 497 livebirths from Portuguese national birth registry (1995‐2014). We compared maternal sociodemographic characteristics (age, education, employment, and marital status), obstetric, and health care factors (parity, number of foetuses, place and type of delivery) in Portuguese and non‐Portuguese at four periods (1995‐1999, 2000‐2004, 2005‐09, and 2010‐2014). Time‐trend analysis using joinpoint regression method was performed to identify trends (joinpoints) and compare time changes in the prevalence of sociodemographic, obstetric, and health care factors expressed as annual percentage change (APC).ResultsThe proportion of livebirths in non‐Portuguese mothers increased between 1995 and 1999 (2.9%), 2000‐2004 (6.3%), 2005‐2009 (9.5%), and 2010‐2014 (9.8%). The proportion of women aged ≥ 35 years among Portuguese mothers varied from 11.1% (1995‐1999), 14.4% (2000‐2004), 18.6% (2005‐2009) to 25.5% (2010‐2014); among non‐Portuguese women, the corresponding proportions were 15.7% (1995‐1999), 14.6% (2000‐2004), 16.1% (2005‐2009), and 19.0% (2010‐2014), respectively. The rate of change in maternal age ≥ 35 years had 2 joinpoints in both Portuguese (APC = 6.5%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 6.2, 6.9; 2005‐2014) and non‐Portuguese (3.3%, 95% CI 2.5, 4.0; 2002‐2014). Increase in caesarean rate was higher for non‐Portuguese (24.0%‐36.1%) than the Portuguese (30.6%‐31.6%) between 1995 and 2014.ConclusionsSociodemographic, obstetric, and health care factors have divergent time trends and rate of change for Portuguese and non‐Portuguese.
Residual effect after salmon oil supplementation on semen quality and serum levels of testosterone in dogs
Authors: Santos Marcelo Carvalho , Milani Chiara , Zucchini Paolo , Quirino Celia Raquel , Romagnoli Stefano , da Cunha Isabel Candia Nunes 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe objective of present study was to evaluate the effects of oral supplementation of salmon oil on seminal parameters and testosterone serum levels in dogs, following also the residual effects for 60 days after treatment. Nine healthy male dogs with proven fertility, weighing between 10 and 36 kg, ageing from 2 to 11 years, of different breeds, fed diets supplemented with salmon oil at the manufacturer's recommended dosage. The parameters measured were sperm volume, motility, vigour, normal morphology and concentration, live/dead ratio, membrane viability by means of HOST test and serum testosterone levels. Evaluations occurred at baseline (D0), after 90 days of supplementation (D90) and at the end of the experiment, 60 days after supplementation cessation (D150). Results (mean ± SD) obtained at time D0, D90 and D150 were as follows: motility of 76.66% ± 13.7, 92.77 ± 4.41 and 93.0 ± 7.90 (p = .001); normal spermatozoa of 69.11% ± 24.90, 90.00% ± 5.15 and 80.66 ± 16.04 (p = .05); live/dead (%) from 64.44 ± 22.86 to 85.33 ± 8.41 (p = .001); and spermatozoa (%) with integral membrane in the membrane integrity (HOST) test ranging from 76.44 ± 20.74 to 91.22 ± 4.68 (p = .05). Serum levels of testosterone (ng/ml) increased from 5.50 ± 1.13 to 8.84 ± 1.13 at D90 (p = .003) and decreased after 2 months (D150) to 5.13 ± 1.13. In conclusion, a 90‐day supplementation with salmon oil had a positive influence on semen quality and serum testosterone levels. The supplementation of omegas 3 and 6 at the ratio of 10:1 for 90 days determined an increase in concentration and motility of the sperm, and these effects were maintained for 60 days, with the only exception of testosterone levels.
Lectin histochemical pattern on the normal and cystic ovaries of sows
Authors: Mendes Marcelo HAF , Pinto Maria HB , Gimeno Eduardo J , Barbeito Claudio G , de Sant'Ana Fabiano JF 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe lectin histochemical pattern (LHP) was characterized and compared in normal and cystic ovaries of sows. Six biotinylated lectins (PNA, SBA, WGA, RCA‐1, DBA and UEA‐1) were used on tissue sections. In the normal ovaries, the reaction to UEA‐1 and SBA was mild to moderate in mesothelial and endothelial cells. RCA‐1 staining was mild to moderate in theca interna of growing follicles, corpora luteum and mesothelium. In addition, this lectin presented strong reaction in endothelial cells, granulosa cells of atretic follicles, zona pellucida of growing follicles and plasma. DBA showed strong intensity in mesothelial and endothelial cells. There was mild to moderate reactivity to WGA in granulosa cells, corpus luteum and theca interna of follicles in development, and moderate in zona pellucida, in granulosa cells of atretic follicles and mesothelium. PNA staining was mild to moderate in oocytes and in the adventitia and media of medullary arteries. Changes in the LHP of the cystic ovaries were noted; however, there were no differences in these findings between the follicular and luteinized cysts. UEA‐1 reactivity in the cystic ovaries was moderately reduced in the mesothelial and endothelial cells, whereas there was mild reduction in the DBA staining in the granulosa cells. Reaction to RCA‐1 and WGA in the cysts also was decreased in theca interna, zona pellucida and granulosa cells of atretic follicles. Furthermore, endothelium and theca interna in the cystic ovaries presented mild reduction of marcation to SBA, whereas there was decreased reactivity to PNA in the oocytes and adventitia and media layers of the medullary arteries. The results of the current study show that cysts modify the LHP in swine ovaries. These changes of glycoconjugates in many ovarian structures could modify diverse process and may be one of the reasons for decreased fertility in sows.
Gossip and reputation in sixteenth‐century Rome: Tommaso de’Cavalieri and Lavinia della Valle
Authors: Ruvoldt Maria 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTommaso de’Cavalieri is best known as the young man who attracted Michelangelo’s passionate attention in the early 1530s. The recipient of drawings, poems, and letters from the artist, Cavalieri was also a high ranking member of Roman society. This article details the traces of Cavalieri’s public reputation at the time of his marriage in 1544 to Lavinia della Valle. Relying on unpublished and overlooked literary sources, this article provides a more nuanced and thorough accounting of Cavalieri’s place in sixteenth‐century Rome, not only as Michelangelo’s beloved and most trusted friend, but as a member of the Roman establishment, a veteran of several terms in public office, an advisor to popes and cardinals on artistic matters, a collector of antiquities, drawings, and other artworks, and a husband and father.
Redox‐sensitive bZIP68 plays a role in balancing stress tolerance with growth in Arabidopsis
Authors: Li Yimin , Liu Wuzhen , Zhong Huan , Zhang Hai‐Lei , Xia Yiji 
Published: July 2019

SummaryPerturbation of the cellular redox state by stress conditions is sensed by redox‐sensitive proteins so that the cell can physiologically respond to stressors. However, the mechanisms linking sensing to response remain poorly understood in plants. Here we report that the transcription factor bZIP68 underwent in vivo oxidation in Arabidopsis cells under oxidative stress which is dependent on its redox‐sensitive Cys320 residue. bZIP68 is primarily localized to the nucleus under normal growth conditions in Arabidopsis seedlings. Oxidative stress reduces its accumulation in the nucleus and increases its cytosolic localization. Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing (ChIP‐seq) revealed that bZIP68 primarily binds to promoter regions containing the core G‐box (CACGTG) or G‐box‐like motif of the genes involved in abiotic and biotic stress responses, photosynthesis, biosynthetic processes, and transcriptional regulation. The bzip68 mutant displayed slower growth under normal conditions but enhanced tolerance to oxidative stress. The results from the ChIP‐seq and phenotypic and transcriptome comparison between the bzip68 mutant and wildtype indicate that bZIP68 normally suppresses expression of stress tolerance genes and promotes expression of growth‐related genes, whereas its inactivation enhances stress tolerance but suppresses growth. bZIP68 might balance stress tolerance with growth through the extent of its oxidative inactivation according to the environment.
Lateral radioulnar subluxation in three cattle: clinical findings, treatment, and outcome
Authors: Devaux David , Müller Judith , Butty Marc André , Steiner Adrian , Nuss Karl 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the clinical signs, conservative treatment, and short‐ and long‐term outcomes of lateral radioulnar subluxation in cattle.AnimalsThree cattle with lateral radioulnar subluxation.Study designCase series.MethodsOne 3‐year‐old Red Holstein cow, one 2‐year‐old Red Holstein cow, and one 9‐month‐old Holstein heifer were presented with acute, grade greater than 3 of 5, mixed lameness in one forelimb. Clinical, radiographic, and ultrasonographic examination results revealed radioulnar subluxation with lateral displacement in all cases.ResultsThe subluxations were manually reduced under general anesthesia by simultaneous maximum flexion of the elbow and carpal joints, medial rotation of the forearm, and application of strong pressure to the radial head and olecranon. The short‐term clinical outcome after stall rest was excellent in all three cases. Clinical and radiographic follow‐up examinations were performed at varying intervals, with a final on‐farm examination in all three cattle 12, 7, and 9 months after reduction. Osteoarthritic changes were visible in all three cases, mainly at the medial humeral trochlea, but lameness had completely resolved in all three animals.ConclusionConservative management of lateral radioulnar subluxation had an excellent clinical outcome in all three cattle. Follow‐up radiographs revealed osseous proliferation mainly in the region of the medial trochlea of the humerus and subtle signs of osteoarthritic changes.Clinical significanceLateral radio‐ulnar subluxation is a rare but possibly underdiagnosed cause of lameness in cattle. It should be part of the differential diagnosis in cattle with elbow joint pain.
Successive Aeroacoustic Transfer of Leading Edge Serrations From Single Airfoil to Low-Pressure Fan Application
Authors: Biedermann Till M. , Kameier F. , Paschereit C. O. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Leading edge serrations are identified as an effective passive treatment for reducing fan broadband noise due to high turbulent inflow conditions. This paper aims to investigate the isolated effect of serrated applications in a rotating frame, covering the aerodynamic and aeroacoustic performance. With this purpose, a serration design, previously analyzed in the rigid domain, is transferred to the rotating frame, following a successive approach in form of a continuous increase of the fan blade number. This is considered as a feasible way to isolate the serration effects and to provide information on fan blade interaction and possible masking effects. Comparing blades with straight and serrated leading edges by analyzing the spectral noise reduction and the overall level result in deep insights in the underlying noise reduction mechanisms. Furthermore, analysis of phase differences by means of the wall pressure fluctuations leads to the identification of rotating flow phenomena, nonsynchronized with the rotor speed. The results obtained indicate an efficient noise reduction by the serrations in the vicinity of the design point. By use of the presented successive approach, noise reduction phenomena observed with the full rotor could be identified to be of either aeroacoustic or aerodynamic nature. A reduced noise is observed for the full rotor case, showing a reduction of blade interaction effects. At reducing flow coefficients, an improved stall margin of the serrated rotor is identified that also affects the aeroacoustic signature.
That was a game changer: clinical impact of an emergency department-based palliative care communication skills training workshop
Authors: Wright Rebecca , Hayward Bradley , Kistler Emmett , Vaughan Dickson Victoria , Grudzen Corita 
Published: July 2019

ObjectiveTo explore the impact of an adapted goals-of-care communications skills workshop created for ED physicians from the physicians’ perspective.MethodsSemi-structured, one-on-one audio-recorded interviews lasting 30–60 min were conducted with twelve physicians who had completed the training workshop. Interviews explored the experience of undertaking the workshop, its impact on their clinical practice and their ability to teach new skills to other clinicians using learnt techniques. Descriptive content analysis was performed on interview transcripts.ResultsParticipants reported positive experiences of the workshop. The analysis identified four main themes and ten subthemes dealing with workshop content and its impact on subsequent ED-based clinical practice. There were: 1) value and future improvements for the course; 2) value of the course to practice; 3) value of the course for teaching residents and 4) barriers to application of learning. Specifically recommended components include the use of mnemonics, mechanisms to introduce difficult conversations and a positive feedback environment. Participant-recommended refinements to the workshop included emphasising urgency, replicating the chaotic ED environment and expanding content to include more ED-focused goals-of-care discussions.ConclusionA short, focused training workshop directed at improving palliative care communication skills among ED clinicians appears to be welcomed and useful.