bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Parent-Child Interaction Is Important With Infants in Rehabilitation and Can Use High-Tech or Low-Tech Methods
Authors: Dusing Stacey C , Marcinowski Emily C , Rocha Nelci A C F , Tripathi Tanya , Brown Shaaron E 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Parents are their infant's first teachers and play a very important role in early development. Early intervention strives to enhance infant participation in the family, and regulations require the engagement of families in assessment and intervention. Infants born preterm or with motor impairments demonstrate altered social engagements that can influence parent-child interaction and the efficacy of therapy services. However, in research focused on the efficacy of interventions or in clinical practice, therapists rarely assess or report on the quality of parent-infant interaction. Understanding these interactions can help determine what perceptual motor opportunities parents provide that can enhance learning. This Perspective article will: (1) present evidence on the need for early assessment and ongoing measurement of parent-infant interaction; (2) describe an example of each of 3 methods for assessment of parent-child interaction—low-tech, low-resource (Dyadic Mutuality Code), low-tech, high-resource (Parent Children Early Relational Assessment), and high-tech, high-resource (customized behavioral coding); (3) compare 3 approaches theoretically highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of each assessment; and (4) reflect on the challenges and value of adding these measures to future research on the efficacy of interventions and clinical practice.
Medicare Outpatient Physical Therapy Expenditures Vary by Diagnosis and Functional Mobility
Authors: Pardasaney Poonam K , Pope Gregory C , Amico Peter , Deutsch Anne , Kline Tracy , Dever Jill , Silver Benjamin , Scheffler Scott , Meadow Ann , West Pamela 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Background
Clinical characteristics driving variations in Medicare outpatient physical therapy expenditures are inadequately understood.

Objective
The objectives of this study were to examine variations in annual outpatient physical therapy expenditures of Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries by primary diagnosis and baseline functional mobility, and to assess whether case mix groups based on primary diagnosis and functional mobility scores would be useful for expenditure differentiation.

Design
This was an observational, longitudinal study.

Methods
Volunteer providers in community settings participated in data collection with Continuity Assessment Record and Evaluation—Community (CARE-C) assessments for Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries. Annual outpatient physical therapy expenditures were calculated using allowed charges on Medicare claims; primary diagnosis and baseline functional mobility were obtained from CARE-C assessments. Whether annual expenditures varied significantly across primary diagnosis groups and within diagnosis groups by functional mobility was examined.

Results
Data for 4210 patients (mean [SD] age = 72.9 [9.9] years; 64.6% women) from 127 providers were included. Mean expenditures differed significantly across 12 primary diagnosis groups created from CARE-C clinician-reported diagnoses (F = 12.73; df = 11). Twenty-five pairwise differences in 66 pairwise diagnosis group comparisons were statistically significant. Within 8 diagnosis groups, expenditures were significantly higher for low-mobility subgroups than for high-mobility subgroups; borderline significance was achieved for 1 diagnosis group.

Limitations
The small convenience sample limited the statistical power and the generalizability of the results.

Conclusions
Significant variations in physical therapy expenditures based on primary diagnosis and baseline functional mobility support the use of these variables in predicting outpatient physical therapy expenditures. Although Medicare's annual therapy spending cap was repealed effective January 2018, the data from this study provide an initial foundation to inform any future policy efforts, such as targeted medical review, risk-adjusted therapy payments, or case mix groups as potential payment alternatives. Additional research with larger samples is needed to further develop and test case mix groups and improve generalizability to the national population. Refined case mix groups could also help providers prognosticate physical therapy expenditures based on patient profiles.
“In Today's Market, Your Food Chooses You”: News Media Constructions of Responsibility for Health through Home Cooking
Authors: Oleschuk Merin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis article examines North American national news media’s 2015–16 presentation of family meals. Analyzing 326 articles, I identify the ubiquity of a narrative of deterioration, or the presumption that families are replacing meals made from whole, unprocessed ingredients consumed communally around a table, with processed and pre-prepared foods eaten alone or “on the go”. In analyzing the construction of responsibility for this deterioration, I find that the sample predominately frames the production of healthy family meals as constrained by a food environment saturated with inexpensive, highly processed food, and dictated by the competing demands of paid work and inflated normative standards. Yet, when differentiating frames that define the social problem from those that offer solutions, I find that individualization prevails in the frames that target solutions. One important exception is media reporting on low-income families, which are framed as facing exceptional structural constraint. Analyzing these frames, I argue that neoliberal ideology that over-emphasizes individual agency and minimizes structural constraint operates in more subtle ways than previous literature suggests—showing some awareness of the difficulty of people’s lives, but prescribing solutions that leave individuals responsible for the outcomes. These findings offer implications for understanding dominant cultural values surrounding health and the family meal, as well as the allocation of responsibility for social problems within neoliberalism more broadly.
A primer in genomics for social and behavioral investigators
Authors: Turbitt Erin , Biesecker Barbara B 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Genomics is being increasingly utilized in medical research and health care. Countless opportunities exist for social and behavioral scientists to answer novel and important research questions. Evidence that will be produced from such enquiries can help ensure appropriate use of genomic information and realize the potential of genomics to improve patient care and medical outcomes. Here, we provide an accessible overview of different types of genetic and genomic tests and the resulting information produced. There are important nuances that distinguish genetic from genomic tests and different information that each yield. We outline key examples where social and behavioral scientists have made an impact in this field, and opportunities for future research. The intention of this primer is to introduce or clarify genomics concepts to social and behavioral scientists, summarize prior research and outline future research directions. The time is ripe for social and behavioral scientists to engage in genomics and make important contributions to improve clinical and community translation of genomic discoveries.
Hyaluronic acid-functionalized gelatin hydrogels reveal extracellular matrix signals temper the efficacy of erlotinib against patient-derived glioblastoma specimens
Authors: Pedron Sara , Wolter Gabrielle L. , Chen Jee-Wei E. , Laken Sarah E. , Sarkaria Jann N. , Harley Brendan A. C. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractTherapeutic options to treat primary glioblastoma (GBM) tumors are scarce. GBM tumors with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations, in particular a constitutively active EGFRvIII mutant, have extremely poor clinical outcomes. GBM tumors with concurrent EGFR amplification and active phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) are sensitive to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor erlotinib, but the effect is not durable. A persistent challenge to improved treatment is the poorly understood role of cellular, metabolic, and biophysical signals from the GBM tumor microenvironment on therapeutic efficacy and acquired resistance. The intractable nature of studying GBM cell in vivo motivates tissue engineering approaches to replicate aspects of the complex GBM tumor microenvironment. Here, we profile the effect of erlotinib on two patient-derived GBM specimens: EGFR+ GBM12 and EGFRvIII GBM6. We use a three-dimensional gelatin hydrogel to present brain-mimetic hyaluronic acid (HA) and evaluate the coordinated influence of extracellular matrix signals and EGFR mutation status on GBM cell migration, survival and proliferation, as well as signaling pathway activation in response to cyclic erlotinib exposure. Comparable to results observed in vivo for xenograft tumors, erlotinib exposure is not cytotoxic for GBM6 EGFRvIII specimens. We also identify a role of extracellular HA (via CD44) in altering the effect of erlotinib in GBM EGFR+ cells by modifying STAT3 phosphorylation status. Taken together, we report an in vitro tissue engineered platform to monitor signaling associated with poor response to targeted inhibitors in GBM.
Unification of optimal targeting methods in Transcranial Electrical Stimulation
Authors: Fernandez-Corazza Mariano , Turovets Sergei , Muravchik Carlos 
Published: February 2019

AbstractOne of the major questions in high-density transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) is: given a region of interest (ROI), and given electric current limits for safety, how much current should be delivered by each electrode for optimal targeting? Several solutions, apparently unrelated, have been independently proposed depending on how “optimality” is defined and on how this optimization problem is stated mathematically. Among them, there are closed-formula solutions such as ones provided by the least squares (LS) or weighted LS (WLS) methods, that attempt to fit a desired stimulation pattern at ROI and non-ROI, or reciprocity-based solutions, that maximize the directional dose at ROI under safety constraints. A more complete optimization problem can be stated as follows: maximize directional dose at ROI, limit dose at non-ROI, and constrain total injected current and current per electrode (safety constraints). To consider all these constraints (or some of them) altogether, numerical convex or linear optimization solvers are required. We theoretically demonstrate in this work that LS, WLS and reciprocity-based closed-form solutions are particular solutions to the complete optimization problem stated above, and we validate these findings with simulations on an atlas head model. Moreover, the LS and reciprocity solutions are the two opposite cases emerging under variation of one parameter of the optimization problem, the dose limit at non-ROI. LS solutions belong to one extreme case, when the non-ROI dose limit is strictly imposed, and reciprocity-based solutions belong to the opposite side, i.e., when this limit is loose. As we couple together most optimization approaches published so far, these findings will allow a better understanding of the nature of the TES optimization problem and help in the development of advanced and more effective targeting strategies.
Predicting potential current distribution of Lycorma delicatula (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) using MaxEnt model in South Korea
Authors: Namgung Hyeban , Kim Min-Jung , Baek Sunghoon , Lee Joon-Ho , Kim Hyojoong 
Published: February 2019

AbstractLycorma delicatula (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) is invasive insect in Korea which causes plant damages by sucking and sooty molds. Lycorma delicatula was first detected in South Korea in 2004, where its introduction and spreading possibly were affected by human activity-related factors. Here, we used MaxEnt to describe current distribution of L. delicatula in Korea and tried to find out the impact of human influences for distribution. We used 143 sites of occurrence data, 19 bioclimatic variables, duration of temperature below −11°C, average daily minimum temperature in January, cumulative thermal unit variable, the distribution of grape orchard variable and human footprint to create models. These models were estimated by two sets of 24 candidates with feature combinations and regularization multipliers. In addition, these two sets were created as models with and without footprint for how human influence affect to distribution. Model selection for optimal model was performed by selecting a model with a lowest sum of each rank in small sample-size corrected Akaike’s information criterion and difference between training and test AUC. Model of LQ10 parameter combinations was selected as optimal models for both model sets. Consequently, both of distribution maps from these models showed similar patterns of presence probability for L. delicatula. Both models expected that low altitude regions were relatively more suitable than mountain areas in Korea. Footprint might be limited for the distribution and L. delicatula might already occupy most of available habitats. Human-related factors might contribute to spread of L. delicatula to uninfected areas.
Subcellular localization of drug distribution by super-resolution ion beam imaging
Authors: Rovira-Clave Xavier , Jiang Sizun , Bai Yunhao , Barlow Graham , Bhate Salil , Coskun Ahmet F. , Han Guojun , Zhu Bokai , Ho Chin-Min Kimmy , Hitzman Chuck , Chen Shih-Yu , Bava Felice-Alessio , Nolan Garry P. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractTechnologies that visualize multiple biomolecules at the nanometer scale in cells will enable deeper understanding of biological processes that proceed at the molecular scale. Current fluorescence-based methods for microscopy are constrained by a combination of spatial resolution limitations, limited parameters per experiment, and detector systems for the wide variety of biomolecules found in cells. We present here super-resolution ion beam imaging (srIBI), a secondary ion mass spectrometry approach capable of high-parameter imaging in 3D of targeted biological entities and exogenously added small molecules. Uniquely, the atomic constituents of the biomolecules themselves can often be used in our system as the “tag”. We visualized the subcellular localization of the chemotherapy drug cisplatin simultaneously with localization of five other nuclear structures, with further carbon elemental mapping and secondary electron visualization, down to ∼30 nm lateral resolution. Cisplatin was preferentially enriched in nuclear speckles and excluded from closed-chromatin regions, indicative of a role for cisplatin in active regions of chromatin. These data highlight how multiplexed super-resolution techniques, such as srIBI, will enable studies of biomolecule distributions in biologically relevant subcellular microenvironments.One Sentence SummaryThree-dimensional multiplexed mass spectrometry-based imaging revealed the subcellular localization of proteins and small molecules at super-resolution.
Perinatal Programming of Mucosal Stromal Cell Identity by the Lymphotoxin Pathway Regulates Mucosal Immune Responses in the Adult
Authors: Li Conglei , Lam Evelyn , Perez-Shibayama Christian , Lee Dennis , Ward Lesley A. , Nguyen Albert , Ahmed Musaddeque , Korneev Kirill V. , Rojas Olga , Sun Tian , He Housheng Hansen , Martin Alberto , Ludewig Burkhard , Gommerman Jennifer L. 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTRedundant mechanisms support IgA responses to intestinal antigens. These include multiple priming sites (mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), Peyer’s patches and isolated lymphoid follicles) and various cytokines that promote class switch to IgA, even in the absence of T cells. In spite of these back-up mechanisms, vaccination against enteric pathogens such as Rotavirus has limited success in some populations. Genetic and environmental signals experienced during early life are known to influence mucosal immunity, yet the mechanisms for how these exposures operate remain unclear. Here we used Rotavirus infection to follow antigen-specific IgA responses through time and in different gut compartments. Using genetic and pharmacological approaches, we tested the role of a pathway known to support IgA responses (Lymphotoxin – LT) at different developmental stages. We found that LT-beta receptor (LTβR) signallingin uteroprograms intestinal IgA responses in adulthood by affecting antibody class switch recombination to IgA and subsequent generation of IgA antibody-secreting cells within an intact MLN. In addition,in uteroLTβR signalling dictates the phenotype and function of MLN stromal cells in order to support IgA responses in the adult. Collectively, our studies uncover new mechanistic insights into howin uteroLTβR signalling impacts mucosal immune responses during adulthood.One Sentence SummaryEarly life LTβR signalling is critical for programming the mesenteric lymph node stromal cell environment, impacting both antibody isotype switching to IgA and the differentiation of IgA+antibody secreting cells.Graphic Abstract
Synthetic gene circuits enable systems-level biosensor discovery at the host-microbe interface
Authors: Naydich Alexander D , Nangle Shannon N , Bues Johannes J , Trivedi Disha , Nissar Nabeel , Inniss Mara C , Neiderhuber Matthew J , Way Jeffrey C , Silver Pamela A , Riglar David T 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTThe composition and function of the gut microbiota are strongly associated with human health, and dysbiosis is linked to an array of diseases, ranging from obesity and diabetes to infection and inflammation. Engineering synthetic circuits into gut bacteria to sense, record and respond toin vivosignals is a promising new approach for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of disease. Here, we repurpose a synthetic bacterial memory circuit to rapidly screen for and discover newin vivo-responsive biosensors in commensal gutEscherichia coli. We develop a pipeline for rapid systems-level library construction and screening, using next-generation sequencing and computational analysis, which demonstrates remarkably robust identification of responsive biosensors from pooled libraries. By testing both genome-wide and curated libraries of potential biosensor triggers—each consisting of a promoter and ribosome binding site (RBS)—and using RBS variation to augment the range of trigger sensitivity, we identify and validate triggers that selectively activate our synthetic memory circuit during transit through the gut. We further identify biosensors with increased response in the inflamed gut through comparative screening of our libraries in healthy mice and those with intestinal inflammation. Our results demonstrate the power of systems-level screening for the identification of novel biosensors in the gut and provide a platform for disease-specific screening using synthetic circuits, capable of contributing to both the understanding and clinical management of intestinal illness.IMPORTANCEThe gut is a largely obscure and inaccessible environment. The use of live, engineered probiotics to detect and respond to disease signalsin vivorepresents a new frontier in the management of gut diseases. Engineered probiotics have also shown promise as a novel mechanism for drug delivery. However, the design and construction of effective strains that respond to thein vivoenvironment is hindered by our limited understanding of bacterial behavior in the gut. Our work expands the pool of potential biosensors for the healthy and diseased gut, providing insight into host-microbe interactions and enabling future development of increasingly complex synthetic circuits. This method also provides a framework for rapid prototyping of engineered systems and for application across bacterial strains and disease models.
singleCellHaystack: Finding surprising genes in 2-dimensional representations of single cell transcriptome data
Authors: Vandenbon Alexis , Diez Diego 
Published: February 2019

AbstractSummarySingle-cell sequencing data is often visualized in 2-dimensional plots, including t-SNE plots. However, it is not straightforward to extract biological knowledge, such as differentially expressed genes, from these plots. Here we introduce singleCellHaystack, a methodology that addresses this problem. singleCellHaystack uses Kullback-Leibler Divergence to find genes that are expressed in subsets of cells that are non-randomly positioned on a 2D plot. We illustrate the usage of singleCellHaystack through applications on several single-cell datasets. singleCellHaystack is implemented as an R package, and includes additional functions for clustering and visualization of genes with interesting expression patterns.Availability and implementationhttps://github.com/alexisvdb/singleCellHaystackContactalexisvdb@infront.kyoto-u.ac.jp
Comparative proteomics of osmotic signal transduction mutants inBotrytis cinereaexplain loss of pathogenicity phenotypes and highlight interaction with cAMP and Ca2+signalling pathways
Authors: Kilani Jaafar , Davanture Marlène , Zivy Michel , Fillinger Sabine 
Published: February 2019

SUMMARYSignal transduction (ST) is essential for rapid adaptive responses to changing environmental conditions through rapid post-translational modifications of signalling proteins and downstream effectors that regulate the activity of target proteins and/or the expression of downstream genes.We have performed a comparative proteomics study of ST mutants in the phytopathogenic fungusBotrytis cinereaduring axenic growth under non-stressed conditions to decipher the roles of two kinases of the hyper-osmolarity pathway inB. cinereaphysiology. We studied the mutants of the sensor histidine kinase Bos1 and of the MAP kinase Sak1.Multiplex shotgun proteomics detected 628 differential proteins between mutants and wild-type, 280 common to both mutants, indicating independent and shared regulatory functions for both kinases. Gene ontology analysis showed significant changes in proteins related to plant infection (secondary metabolism enzymes, lytic enzymes, proteins linked to osmotic, oxidative and cell wall stress) that may explain the virulence defects of both mutants. Intracellular accumulation of secreted proteins in theΔbos1histidine-kinase mutant suggests a potential secretion defect. The proteome data also highlight a new link between Sak1 MAPK, cAMP and Ca2+ signalling.This study reveals the potential of proteomic analyses of signal transduction mutants to decipher their biological functions.