bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EKSTRAKSI KARAGINAN RUMPUT LAUT MERAH (Kappaphycus alvarezii) DENGAN PERLAKUAN PERENDAMAN DALAM LARUTAN BASA
Authors: Panggabean Jessica E , Dotulong Verly , Montolalu Roike Iwan , Damongilala Lena Jeane , Harikedua Silvana Dinaintang , Makapedua Daisy Monica 
Published: July 2019

Semi-refined carrageenan are a type of carrageeanan product that have a low level of purity because it still contains a small amount of selulose within the carageenan. The purpose of this study is to find out the effect of the concentration of both NaOH and KOH towards rendemen, and the physical and chemical charactheristic of semi refined carrageenan made from kappaphycus alvarezii seaweed, and also to minimize the use of chemical product on SRC production process. The method used in this study is steaming method. The results are the rendemen from NaOH is 10% and KOH 14%. This proves that the concentration of alkali affects the amount of rendemen. The higher the amount of alkali used, the higher the amount of rendemen obtained. Water content obtained from the NaOH samples are 3,75%; while those from the KOH samples are 5%. The ash content of semi-refined carrageenan obtain from NaOH samples are 55,42% and KOH are 55,27%. For the pH level on semi-refined carrageenan obtain from the NaOH samples are 8,06; and KOH are 8,69. The alkali concentration greatly affects the amount of rendemen that is obtained because a higher concentration of alkali during the alkalization process will result in higher pH level, therefore the extration ability of alkali are increased.
PENGUJIAN TPC, KADAR AIR DAN PH PADA IKAN KAYU CAKALANG (Katsuwonus pelamis L) YANG DI SIMPAN PADA SUHU RUANG
Authors: Kiwak Patrick H , Montolalu Lita ADY , Reo Albert Royke , Pandey Engel Victor , Kaseger Bertie Elias , Makapedua Daisy Monica 
Published: July 2019

Ikan merupakan salah satu bahan makanan yang tidak asing lagi bagi masyarakat Indonesia, bahan makanan ini memiliki kelebihan yaitu mengandung asam amino essensial yang diperlukan oleh tubuh, disamping itu nilai biologisnya mencapai 90% dengan jaringan pengikat sedikit sehingga mudah dicerna, selain itu harganya jauh lebih murah dibandingkan sumber protein lainnya (Adawyah, 2007). Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi tentang kajian mutu ikan kayu (Katsuobushi) secara kimia dan mikrobiologi pada penyimpanan suhu kamar. Ikan kayu dapat juga mengalami proses kerusakan namun, bila dibandingkan dengan produk lain kerusakan yang terjadi lebih lambat, Seperti diketahui bersama, bahwa kadar air produk yang rendah dapat menghambat aktivitas mikroba yang menyebabkan proses kerusakan (Berhimpon, dkk. 2017) sehingga penelitian ini untuk menganalisis kualitas mutu ikan kayu cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis L) pada penyimpanan suhu kamar.Hasil menunjukkan bahwa Nilai ALT (Angka Lempeng Total) ikan kayu yang disimpan selama 7 hari pada penyimpanan suhu ruang masih dalam keadaan baik dan layak digunakan sesuai dengan standar Nasional Indonesia SNI 2691.1:2009. Kadar air merupakan salah satu penentu kualitas dari produk ikan kayu dimana semakin tinggi nilai kadar air pada produk ikan kayu bakteri cemaran pada ikan kayu semakin meningkat.
PENGOLAHAN IKAN CAKALANG (Katsuwonus pelamis L) ASAP PRESTO
Authors: Anti Richard Suhartono , Onibala Hens , Mongi Eunike Louisje , Pongoh Jenki , Palenewen Joyce CV , Makapedua Daisy Monica 
Published: July 2019

This research objective was to determine the sensory quality and microbial contamination (ALT) of skipjack fish products (Katsuwonus pelamis L) as soon as possible. The treatments tested were 30 and 60 minutes of smoking time, dipresto for 1 hour and then stored at 0, 5 and 10 days at room temperature. The results showed that the ALT value was very precise on the 10th day storage of 6.12 x 105 and the lowest value on day 0 was 4.84 x 102 while the 5th day of the highest highest 2.15 x 104 showed that the product was no longer a recommendation on day 10 because it has exceeded the limit of SNI microbial contamination which is 5.0 x 105. The results of sensory evaluation using hedonic scale 1- 9 indicated that the highest value of color 7.5, smell 7.4, taste 7.9, and texture texture 7.1. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat mutu organoleptik dan cemaran mikroba (ALT) pada produk ikan cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis L) asap presto. Perlakuan yang diujikan adalah lama pengasapan 30 dan 60 menit, dipresto selama 1 jam kemudian disimpan pada 0, 5 dan 10 hari pada suhu ruang. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa nilai ALT tertinggi ada pada penyimpanan hari ke 10 yaitu 6.12 x 105 dan nilai terendah pada hari ke 0 yaitu 4.84 x 102 sedangkan hari ke 5 mendapatkan nilai tertinggi 2.15 x 104 ini menunjukan produk tidak lagi direkomendasikan pada hari ke 10 karena telah melebihi batas cemaran mikroba SNI yaitu 5.0 x 105 . Hasil mutu organoleptik menunjukkan bahwa nilai tertinggi warna 7.5, bau 7.4, rasa 7.9, dan tekstur tekstur 7.1.
AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK AIR REBUSAN DAUN MANGROVE SEGAR Sonneratia alba DI DESA WORI KABUPATEN MINAHASA UTARA
Authors: Linggama Gisella Aisyah , Montolalu Lita ADY , Salindeho Netty , Taher Nurmeilita , Harikedua Silvana Dinaintang , Makapedua Daisy Monica , Damongilala Lena Jeane 
Published: July 2019

Sonneratia alba is one type of mangrove whose trees are always green, grow scattered, the height is sometimes up to 15 m and has compounds that are antibacterial. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity found in extracts of Sonneratia alba mangrove leaf decoction in inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. Using the infusion extraction method by boiling it for 40 and 50 minutes after that it is boiled again with small fire water then dried in an oven with a temperature of 75–80°C with an extract concentration of 5% and 10%, positive control (chloramphenicol), and negative control (aquades). The antibacterial activity assay method used was agar diffusion (disc diffusion Kirby and Bauer) which has been modified. The results obtained were obtained antibacterial activity from extracts of fresh mangrove leaf boiled water extract and antibacterial activity was shown against both test bacteria and explained the broad spectrum antibacterial compounds.Keyword: Sonneratia alba, antibacterial, infusion. Sonneratia alba merupakan salah satu jenis mangrove yang pohon selalu hijau, tumbuh tersebar, ketinggian kadang-kadang hingga 15 m dan memiliki senyawa yang bersifat antibakteri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri yang terdapat pada ekstrak air rebusan daun mangrove Sonneratia alba dalam menghambat bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Menggunakan metode ekstraksi infusa dengan cara direbus selama 40 dan 50 menit setelah itu direbus kembali dengan air api kecil kemudian dikeringkan dalam oven dengan suhu 75–80°C dengan konsentrasi ekstrak 5% dan 10%, kontrol positif (kloramfenikol), dan kontrol negatif (akuades). Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri yang digunakan adalah difusi agar (disc diffusion Kirby and Bauer) yang telah dimodifikasi. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu didapatkan aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak air rebusan daun mangrove segar dan aktivitas antibakterinya ditunjukkan terhadap kedua bakteri uji dan menjelaskan senyawa antibakteri tersebut berspektrum luas.Kata kunci: Sonneratia alba, antibakteri, infusa.
ISOTERMI SORPSI AIR IKAN KAYU (Katsuo-Bushi) YANG DIBUAT DENGAN KONSENTRASI ASAP CAIR DAN LAMA PERENDAMAN YANG BERBEDA
Authors: Tinuwo Greace , Berhimpon Siegfried , Taher Nurmeilita , Sanger Grace , Mongi Eunike Louisje , Mentang Feny , Dotulong Verly 
Published: July 2019

Wooden fish, better known as Katsuo-bushi, which is done in stages. Wood fish has a weight around 20–30% of raw materials with a moisture content of 15–17% because it experiences fumigation/drying. The problem for products that are smoked long (Hard Smoking) is the content of carcinogens which also settles on fish is quite high, therefore fumigation technology with liquid smoke become an alternative in wood fish processing to minimize the content of carcinogens. The purpose of this study is to determine the isotherm of water sorption in wood fish (Katsuo-bushi) which is made with different concentrations of liquid smoke and soaking time. Method used in this study the method of analysis, water content, ph analysis method and Isothermic sorption (ISA) analysis method.Keyword: Isotherm sorpsi water (ISA) Katsuo-bushi, liquid smoke. Ikan kayu atau lebih dikenal dengan Katsuo-bushi termasuk dalam produk olahan pengasapan, yang dilakukan secara bertahap. Ikan kayu memiliki berat sekitar 20–30% dari bahan baku, dengan kadar air 15–17% karena mengalami proses pengasapan/pengeringan. Masalah bagi produk yang diasapi lama (Hard Smoking) adalah kandungan senyawa karsinogen yang ikut mengendap pada ikan cukup tinggi. Karena itu teknologi pengasapan dengan asap cair menjadi alternatif dalam pengolahan ikan kayu untuk meminimalisir kandungan senyawa karsinogen. Pengolahan ikan kayu menggunakan asap cair memiliki beberapa kelebihan yaitu rendah kandungan PAH (<25ppb), ramah lingkungan karena tidak ada polusi udara, dan hemat bahan bakar kayu, serta waktu pengolahan singkat. Parameter yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode analisa kadar air (AOAC, 2005) metode analisa pH (AOAC, 2005) dan metode analisa isotermi sorpsi air. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ISA ikan kayu asap cair mendapatkan model kurva ISA tipe 1 dengan persamaan nilai Henderson 4,915 yang sangat tepat sedangkan untuk persamaan Hasley 6,522 yang agak tepat. Persamaan Oswin, Caurie, dan Chen Clayton memiliki model persamaan yang tidak tepat karena lebih dari angka 10. Hasil yang didapatkan berbeda dari penelitian sebelumnya serta mempunyai perbedaan konsentrasi asap cair dan lama perendaman yang berbeda, karena penelitian sebelumnya mendapatkan nilai MRD Oswin16,44 yang sangat tepat.Kata kunci: isotermi sorpsi air (ISA), ikan kayu, asap cair.
KANDUNGAN FITOKIMIA, KADAR TOTAL FENOL DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK RUMPUT LAUT Halymenia durvillae
Authors: Pontoh Finka Widyastri , Sanger Grace , Kaseger Bertie Elias , Wonggo Djuhria , Montolalu Roike Iwan , Damongilala Lena Jeane , Makapedua Daisy Monica 
Published: July 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahuikandungan fitokimia, kadar total total fenoldan aktivitas antioksidan yang terdapat pada H.durvillaeyang diekstraksi menggunakan pelarut etanol dan etyl asetat. Analisa uji fitokimiameliputi alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, steroid dan triterpenoid ),kadar total fenol menggunakan folin Ciocalteau dan uji aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH). Hasil analisis kandungan fitokimia diperoleh bahwa ekstrak etanol H.durvilaemengandungalkaloid dengan pereaksi wagner, flavonoid fengan pereaksi H2SO4, Saponin, triterpenoid dan steroid sedangkan ekstrak etil asetat mengandung alkaloid dengan pereaksi wagner dan flavonoid dengan pereaksi H2SO4, Kadar total fenol H.durvillaeekstrak etanol 70%, etanol 50% dan etyl asetat masing-masing 336,250 mg GAE/gr, 83,750 mg GAE/gr dan 86,250 mg GAE/gr, Aktifitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol H.durvilaeadalah lebih besar dari ekstrak etil asetat, dengan nilai pada etanol 70%sebesar 465,163 ppm dan etanol 50% adalah 614,796 ppm.Hasil penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa rumput laut H.durvillae memiliki sejumlah senyawa metabolit sekunder, kadartotal fenolik dan aktifitas antioksidan alami sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan pangan fungsional untuk sumber senyawa bioaktif alami.
ANALISA KADAR AIR, pH, DAN KAPANG PADA IKAN CAKALANG (Katsuwonus pelamis, L) ASAP YANG DIKEMAS VAKUM PADA PENYIMPANAN SUHU DINGIN
Authors: Kaban David Hadrianus , Timbowo Semuel Marthen , Pandey Engel Victor , Mewengkang Hanny Welly , Palenewen Joyce CV , Mentang Feny , Dotulong Verly 
Published: July 2019

Ikan merupakan salah satu bahan makanan yang mudah mengalami kemunduran mutu.Kemunduran mutu ikan disebabkan oleh aksi enzimatis dan aksi bakteri. Kedua aksi ini menguraikan komponen penyusun jaringan tubuh ikansehingga menghasilkan perubahan fisik seperti daging ikan menjadi lunak dan perubahan kimia yang menghasilkan senyawa mudah menguap dan berbau busuk. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa dan membandingkan jumlah Kadar Air ,pH, dan Kapang Pada Ikan Cakalang Asap (Katsuwonus pelamis, L) Asap yang dikemas Vakum Pada Penyimpanan Suhu Dingin selama 0 sampai 7 hari. Metode Analisa yang digunakan yaitu data deskriptif dilakukan dengan pengumpulan dan penyajian informasi sesuai dari hasil pengujian di Laboratium.Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen eksploratif yaitu mengungkapkan fakta-fakta berdasarkan problema yang ada melalui hipotesa. penelitian eksperimen eksploratif adalah penjelajahan yangbermaksud mencari problema-problema atau pengembangan hipotesa tentang hubungan sebabakibat atau gejala. Perlakuan yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini yaitu 0-7 hari dengan pengulangan yang dilakukan yaitu sebanyak 2 kali. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh; nilai kadar air tertinggi pada ikan cakalang asap yang berasal dari Pasar ikan Sario(62,5%)penyimpanan 0-7 hari,terendah (55%) penyimpanan 0 hari pada ikan cakalang asap yang diolah sendiri; nilai pH tertinggi6,25 pada ikan cakalang asap dari Pasar Sario penyimpanan 7 haridan terendah 5,64 penyimpanan 0 haripada ikan cakalang asap yang diolah sendiri; Nilai total koloni kapang tertinggi 8.9 X 103 pada ikancakalang asap dari penjual ikan di Sariopenyimpanan hari ke 7 dan terendah 1.3 X 103pada ikan cakalang asapdari penjual ikan di Sario penyimpanan hari ke 0 namun nilai kapang dari kedua sampel sudah tidak memenuhi SNI (2013).
Outcome Prediction After Open Heart Surgery
Authors: Elhamshary Mustafa , Serag Amro , Sabry Mohab , Elfeky Wael 
Published: July 2019

Abstract:
Background: Mortality is the most commonly used outcome measure after cardiac surgery. Various risk scores were developed to predict mortality after cardiac surgery with many differences among these scores. We evaluated the accuracy of Acute Physiology And Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score and Cardiac Surgery Score (CASUS) in predicting mortality in our patient population.
Methods: Between October 2015 and December 2017, 103 adult patients who underwent open heart surgery were evaluated. The clinical characteristics, outcomes and risk scores data of the patients were collected. Accuracy of the scores was assessed using receiver operating curve (ROC) and the multivariate logistic regression analysis.
Results: 103 patients were enrolled with mortality rate of 10.3%. The non-survivors group showed statistically significant lower E.F, higher platelet count, higher bilirubin level and lower Po2 level (P value: 0.015, 0.020, 0.038, 0.006) respectively. Both APACHE II and SOFA scores performed better than CASUS score in predicting mortality in this study. However, APACHE II score (Area Under Curve “AUC”:0.878, sensitivity: 80%, specificity: 78.5%) and the preoperative platelet count independently predicted mortality after cardiac surgery.
Conclusion: Both APACHE II and SOFA scores showed a high power in predicting mortality after cardiac surgery but APACHE II score rises as the best tool for risk stratification in our patient population.
Keywords: Mortality; Cardiac surgery; Risk scores.
Effect of Body Mass Index on Morbidity and Mortality in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Authors: Shawky Mohamed , Rizk Yousry Elsaied , Saffan Mohammed Mohammed Mohammed , Wahdan Ashraf Mostafa Elnahas , Elgazzar Mohamed Ahmed Gouda 
Published: July 2019

Background: Obesity affects cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and it increases the risk of coronary artery disease. Despite that, several cardiac surgery risk stratification scores do not consider the effect of obesity on the outcomes. The objective of this research is to study the impact of body mass index (BMI) on morbidity and mortality after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in Egyptian patients.
Methods: This prospective cohort study included 200 patients who underwent CABG for atherosclerotic coronary artery disease. Patients were divided into two groups, group A: patients with BMI ≥ 25 Kg/m2 and group B: patients with BMI < 25 Kg/m2. The mean age in group A was 56± 4.95 years vs. 54± 5.5 years in group B (p= 0.102). Male patients presented 58% of the population in group A vs 74% in group B (p= 0.017). 60% of patients were hypertensive in group A compared to 63% in group B (p= 0.66) and 62%, and 48% were diabetics in group A and B respectively (p= 0.04).
Results: Postoperatively, there was a significant increase in wound infection (40% vs 8%; p< 0.001), chest infection (47% vs. 10% p< 0.001), surgical re-exploration (28% vs. 1%; p< 0.001), prolonged ICU stays (5.3 ± 2.88 vs. 3.93 ± 1.71 days; p< 0.001), ward stay (11.28 ±8.9 vs. 5.48 ± 2.45 days; p< 0.001), mediastinitis (34% vs. 6%; p< 0.001), the occurrence of sternal wound sinus within 8 months (26% vs. 7%; p< 0.001), in group A more compared to group B. There was no difference in ejection fraction (54.2 ±7.38 vs. 54.7 ± 9.1%; p= 0.69) and mortality (4% vs. 2%; p= 0.68) between groups.
Conclusions: BMI 25 Kg/m2 or higher is associated with increased infectious complications and prolonged stay after CABG; however, it did not affect mortality. Optimizing body weight is recommended before elective surgery.
Outcome Prediction after Surgical Management of Prosthetic Mitral Valve Dysfunction; a single center experience
Authors: Badr Abd-Allah , ELanwar Mohamed 
Published: July 2019

Background: Prosthetic Mitral valve dysfunction is a serious complication associated with a high mortality rate particularly in obstructive cases. The number of cases undergoing redo mitral valve surgery is increasing. This study aims to identify the risk factors of mortality and morbidity in patients who underwent redo mitral valve surgery for prosthetic mitral valve dysfunction.

Methods: This study was conducted on 80 patients who underwent re-operation for management of prosthetic mitral valve dysfunction from December 2014 to February 2018. Patients’ age ranged between 21 and 58 years with a mean of 36.8±9.60 years, and 53 patients (66.3%) were males. The causes of mitral valve malfunction were thrombus in 67 patients (83.7%) and pannus in 13 patients (16.3%).
Results: 53 patients (66.25%) had urgent surgical intervention. Thrombectomy or pannus resection was done in 75 patients (93.75%) and valve replacement in 5 patients (6.25%). Re-exploration was required in 11 patients (13.75%) and was significantly associated with diabetes (p= 0.004), preoperative liver dysfunction (p= 0.04), elevated INR (p= 0.006), trial of thrombolysis (p<0.001) and prolonged ischemic time (p= 0.01). Postoperative renal failure occurred in 11 patients (13.75%) and was associated with diabetes (p< 0.001), preoperative renal dysfunction (p< 0.001), prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass and ischemic times (p< 0.001). 17 patients (21%) required prolonged mechanical ventilation and it was significantly associated with chronic obstructive lung disease (p< 0.001), pulmonary edema (p <0.001), low systolic blood pressure (p <0.001), low ejection fraction (p<0.001) and thrombectomy (p<0.001). Operative mortality occurred in 13 patients (16%) and was significantly associated with preoperative stroke, renal dysfunction, low blood pressure and acute pulmonary edema (p <0.001).
Conclusion: Reoperation for prosthetic mitral valve dysfunction is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Outcomes can be predicted based on preoperative clinical status and operative times. Thrombectomy and pannus resection with the repair of the paravalvular leak is a simple and easy technique for management of those patients with a reduction of cardiopulmonary bypass and cross-clamp times.
Professional Development of Foreign Language Teachers: The Example of the COMENIUS Project Schule im Wandel (School Undergoing Change)
Authors: Witte Arnd , Eberhardt Annelie 
Published: July 2019

This paper explores blended learning in the context of the further professional development of L2 language teachers. Presenting the European Commission-funded COMENIUS project Schule im Wandel, the authors examine issues relevant to teachers of German as a second language. This course aimed to provide European reference model for the professional development of teachers of modern languages, using Moodle as a virtual and universally accessible learning platform. The course included a set of short thematic documentary films filmed at ten German schools, with associated exercises for learners. The authors describe the aims and architecture of the course, and review two pilot projects which used Schule im Wandel for the purpose of professional development of teachers in Ireland.
Dearcthaí agus Cleachtais Ghairmiúla maidir le Tionchar an Tumoideachais ar Dhaltaí i nGaelscoileanna atá lonnaithe i gCeantair faoi Mhíbhuntáiste: Deiseanna agus Dúshláin
Authors: Ní Chlochasaigh Karen , Ó Duibhir Pádraig , Shiel Gerry 
Published: July 2019

Irish immersion education, although traditionally deemed as an advantage enjoyed principally by middle-class families where parents were a driving force of demand and promotion, has become increasingly available to a more diverse body of students throughout Ireland. Diversity takes shape mainly in the socio-economic, linguistic, ethnic and special educational needs of students from various backgrounds attending Irish-medium schools. Thirteen Irish-medium primary schools situated in designated areas of disadvantage throughout Ireland are part of the DEIS1 Plan, which offers additional support to improve the educational experiences and outcomes of young people who are at social disadvantage.
This paper examines the challenges and benefits of immersion for students in Irish-medium education in disadvantaged settings. We present data collected from school principals, teachers and special education teachers on the issues that impact the schools and their students. The main issues highlighted were poor acquisition of English as a first language, attending to the needs of children with learning difficulties, lack of awareness and diagnostic tools in Irish during psychological assessments, lack of parental support, deficiencies in appropriate teaching and assessment resources through Irish, the absence of language support for Irish and a language support teacher, and a need for a greater emphasis in teacher education on immersion education and on education in socially disadvantaged settings.
The Vocabulary Richness of Children’s Television in Ireland: A Cross-generational Comparison
Authors: Ceroni Anna , McTiernan Kathleen , La Morgia Francesca 
Published: July 2019

This research investigates whether the vocabulary richness of children’s programming has changed over one generation, and therefore compares the programmes offered in 1992 to those offered in 2017. Three hours of programming were sourced, transcribed and coded using the Computerised Language Analysis (CLAN) software (MacWhinney, 1984). CLAN is a language analysis software originally developed for the purpose of analysing child language which allows for the detailed transcription and analysis of linguistic data, including statistical measures of lexical diversity (Pye & MacWhinney, 1994).
The total words, words per minute, vocabulary diversity, total object, action, attribute and affective-state words as well as the total object, action, attribute and affective-state words spoken in the presence of a referent were calculated and compared for the programming.
The vocabulary richness of children’s television has decreased over time. The number of words spoken in the presence of referents in the programming has increased over time, with this increase being significant for action and attribute words. This pattern of findings reflects a trend in children’s television towards the production of programmes of reduced lexical complexity which may facilitate children’s word learning.