bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beyond‐sparsity–based doubly selective channel estimation for high‐mobility multiuser MIMO‐OFDM systems
Authors: Karani Esmaeil , Beheshti Mojtaba , Fazel Mohammad Sadegh 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWireless communications in high‐mobility situations face with doubly selective (DS) fading. In addition, many practical wireless channels exhibit a sparse multipath structure. This paper investigates the DS multiuser multiple‐input–multiple‐output (MIMO) channel estimation via compressed sensing. The DS channel is characterized by a general sparse basis expansion model (BEM). This model reduces the channel estimation complexity as the channel estimation problem is reduced to estimating the BEM coefficients instead of numerous channel parameters. In addition, a pilot pattern is proposed for multiuser MIMO orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems, which includes guard and silent pilots to reduce intercarrier interference and interuser interference, respectively. Then, two beyond‐sparsity features (ie, block and joint sparsity) of the BEM coefficients are exploited to propose a beyond‐sparsity–based channel estimation method. Moreover, a pilot design algorithm is proposed to optimize the pilot positions and enhance the estimator performance. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method significantly improves the estimation accuracy over the existing approaches, with a much smaller pilot overhead.
Review on nutritional composition of orange‐fleshed sweet potato and its role in management of vitamin A deficiency
Authors: Neela Satheesh , Fanta Solomon W. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA wide variety of the roots and tubers plays a major role in human diet, animal feed, and industrial raw materials. Sweet potatoes (SPs) play an immense role in human diet and considered as second staple food in developed and underdeveloped countries. Moreover, SP production and management need low inputs compared to the other staple crops. The color of SP flesh varied from white, yellow, purple, and orange. Scientific studies reported the diversity in SP flesh color and connection with nutritional and sensory acceptability. Among all, orange‐fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) has been attracting food technologists and nutritionists due to its high content of carotenoids and pleasant sensory characteristics with color. Researchers reported the encouraging health effects of OFSP intervention into the staple food currently practicing in countries such as Uganda, Mozambique, Kenya, and Nigeria. Scientific reviews on the OFSP nutritional composition and role in vitamin A management (VAM) are hardly available in the published literature. So, this review is conducted to address the detailed nutritional composition (proximate, mineral, carotenoids, vitamins, phenolic acids, and antioxidant properties), role in vitamin A deficiency (VAD) management, and different food products that can be made from OFSP.
HOXA11‐AS regulates JAK‐STAT pathway by miR‐15a‐3p/STAT3 axis to promote the growth and metastasis in liver cancer
Authors: Wang Shasha , Zhang Shichao , He Yonggang , Huang Xiaobing , Hui Yuanjian , Tang Yichen 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundHOMEOBOX A11 (HOXA11) antisense RNA (HOXA11‐AS), a newly identified long noncoding RNAs, is involved in the carcinogenic process of several human tumors. However, the role of HOXA11‐AS in liver cancer progression is not well understood.Materials and MethodsThis study used liver cancer tissues and cell lines (CSQT‐2 and HCCLM3) to explore the potential mechanism of HOXA11‐AS. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot were applied to evaluate the bio‐molecules expression. Bioinformatics analysis, RNA pull down and luciferase report assay were applied to determine the molecules bind. MTT, transwell, and wound healing assay were used to measure the cell growth situation.ResultsHOXA11‐AS was highly expressed in liver cancer tissues and cell lines, which was closely related with poor prognosis in patients with liver cancer. HOXA11‐AS could act as a competing endogenous RNA for miR‐15a‐3p. Besides, miR‐15a‐3p negatively controlled its target molecule signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Furthermore, a linear regression analysis and biological experiments showed a positive correlation between HOAX11‐AS and STAT3. Moreover, HOAX11‐AS overexpression activated the Janus kinase (JAK)‐STAT pathway and thus promoted the growth, migration, and invasion of liver cancer cells, which might be through regulating miR‐15a‐3p/STAT3 axis.ConclusionOur study suggested that HOAX11‐AS could regulate the JAK‐STAT signaling pathway by miR‐15a‐3p/STAT3 axis to promote the progression of liver cancer. Thus, HOXA11‐AS may be regarded as an effective biomarker with diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic potentials for liver cancer.
Feedback modulation of endothelial cells promotes epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells by Von Willebrand Factor release
Authors: Ling Jing , Sun Yu , Pan Jun , Wang Huan , Ma Zhenni , Yin Jie , Bao Zhaohua , Yang Huilin , Liu Ling 
Published: May 2019

AbstractEndothelial cells (ECs), as a tumor niche cell, generate and secrete Von Willebrand factor (VWF) that is linked to osteosarcoma (OS) progression. However, the role and regulatory mechanisms of VWF that underpin OS progression remain unclear. Here, using a coculture system ex vivo, we showed that ECs promoted the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) process in OS cells via enhanced VWF secretion. VWF secreted by ECs directly contributed to OS EMT and metastasis by activating NF‐κB signaling. In addition, OS cells exerted a feedback effect on ECs to promote VWF release via activation of phospholipase D 1 signaling, through which enhanced VWF secretion results in further tumor deterioration. To conclude, ECs served as a modulator and an effector of OS, accelerating OS exacerbation by VWF release.
Further in vivo evidence implying DNA apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease activity in Trypanosoma cruzi oxidative stress survival
Authors: Valenzuela Lucía , Sepúlveda Sofía , Bahamondes Paula , Ramirez‐Toloza Galia , Galanti Norbel , Cabrera Gonzalo 
Published: May 2019

AbstractTrypanosoma cruzi is under the attack of reactive species produced by its mammalian and insect hosts. To survive, it must repair its damaged DNA. We have shown that a base excision DNA repair (BER)‐specific parasite TcAP1 endonuclease is involved in the resistance to H2O2. However, a putative TcAP1 negative dominant form impairing TcAP1 activity in vitro did not show any in vivo effect. Here, we show that a negative dominant form of the human APE1 apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonuclease (hAPE1DN) induces a decrease in epimastigote and metacyclic trypomastigote viability when parasites were exposed to H2O2. Those results confirm that TcAP1 AP endonuclease activity plays an important role in epimastigote and in infective metacyclic trypomastigote oxidative DNA damage resistance leading to parasite persistence in the insect and mammalian hosts. All along its biological cycle and in its different cellular forms, T. cruzi, the etiological parasite agent of Chagas’ disease, is under the attack of reactive species produced by its mammalian and insect hosts. To survive, T. cruzi must repair their oxidative damaged DNA. We have previously shown that a specific parasite TcAP1 AP endonuclease of the BER is involved in the T. cruzi resistance to oxidative DNA damage. We have also demonstrated that epimastigotes and cell‐derived trypomastigotes parasite forms expressing a putative TcAP1 negative dominant form (that impairs the TcAP1 activity in vitro), did not show any in vivo effect in parasite viability when exposed to oxidative stress. In this work, we show the expression of a negative dominant form of the human APE1 AP endonuclease fused to a green fluorescent protein (GFP; hAPE1DN‐GFP) in T. cruzi epimastigotes. The fusion protein is found both in the nucleus and cytoplasm of noninfective epimastigotes but only in the nucleus in metacyclic and cell‐derived trypomastigote infective forms. Contrarily to the TcAP1 negative dominant form, the ectopic expression of hAPE1DN‐GFP induces a decrease in epimastigote and metacyclic trypomastigote viability when parasites were exposed to increasing H2O2 concentrations. No such effect was evident in expressing hAPE1DN‐GFP cell‐derived trypomastigotes. Although the viability of both wild‐type infective trypomastigote forms diminishes when parasites are submitted to acute oxidative stress, the metacyclic forms are more resistant to H2O2 exposure than cell‐derived trypomastigotes.Those results confirm that the BER pathway and particularly the AP endonuclease activity play an important role in epimastigote and metacyclic trypomastigote oxidative DNA damage resistance leading to parasite survival and persistence inside the mammalian and insect host cells.
Nuclear localization signal peptide enhances transfection efficiency and decreases cytotoxicity of poly(agmatine/N,N′‐cystamine‐bis‐acrylamide)/pDNA complexes
Authors: Liu Hui , Sun Yanping , Lang Lang , Yang Tianzhi , Zhao Xiaoyun , Cai Cuifang , Liu Zhijun , Ding Pingtian 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAt present, nonviral gene vectors develop rapidly, especially cationic polymers. A series of bioreducible poly(amide amine) (PAA) polymers containing guanidino groups have been synthesized by our research team. These novel polymer vectors demonstrated significantly higher transfection efficiency and lower cytotoxicity than polyethylenimine (PEI)—25kDa. However, compared with viral gene vectors, relatively low transfection efficiency, and high cytotoxicity are still critical problems confronting these polymers. In this study, poly(agmatine/N,N′‐cystamine‐bis‐acrylamide) p(AGM‐CBA) was selected as a model polymer, nuclear localization signal (NLS) peptide PV7 (PKKKRKV) with good biocompatibility and nuclear localization effect was introduced to investigate its impact on transfection efficiency and cytotoxicity. NLS peptide‐mediated in vitro transfection was performed in NIH 3T3 cells by directly incorporating NLS peptide with the complexes of p(AGM‐CBA)/pDNA. Meanwhile, the transfection efficiency and cytotoxicity of these complexes were evaluated. The results showed that the transfection efficiency could be increased by 5.7 times under the appropriate proportion, and the cytotoxicity brought by the polymer vector could be significantly reduced.
Evaluation of microporous hollow fibre membranes for mass transfer of H2 into anaerobic digesters for biomethanization
Authors: Nock William J , Serna‐Maza Alba , Heaven Sonia , Banks Charles J 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDWith high surface‐to‐volume ratios, hollow fibre membranes offer a potential solution to improving gas–liquid mass transfer. This work experimentally determined the mass transfer characteristics of commercially available microporous hollow fibre membranes and compared these with the mass transfer from bubble column reactors. Both mass transfer systems are considered for biological methanization, a process that faces a challenge to enhance the H2 gas–liquid mass transfer for methanogenic Archaea to combine H2 and CO2 into CH4.RESULTSPolypropylene membranes showed the highest mass transfer rate of membranes tested, with a mass transfer coefficient for H2 measured as kL = 1.2 × 10−4 ms−1. These results support the two‐film gas–liquid mass transfer theory, with higher mass transfer rates measured with an increase in liquid flow velocity across the membrane. Despite the higher mass transfer rate from polypropylene membranes and with a liquid flow across the membrane, a volumetric surface area of α = 10.34 m−1 would be required in a full‐scale in situ biological methanization process with much larger values potentially required for high‐rate ex situ systems.CONCLUSIONSThe large surface area of hollow fibre membranes required for H2 mass transfer and issues of fouling and replacement costs of membranes are challenges for hollow fibre membranes in large‐scale biological methanization reactors. Provided that the initial bubble size is small enough (de < 0.5 mm), calculations indicate that microbubbles could offer a simpler means of transferring the required H2 into the liquid phase at a head typical of that found in commercial‐scale anaerobic digesters. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Development, modification and characterization of new biodegradable film from basil seed (Ocimum basilicum L.) mucilage
Authors: Thessrimuang Naruenart , Prachayawarakorn Jutarat 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDBiodegradable films from basil seed mucilage (BSM) were formed and modified with several di‐carboxylic acid crosslinkers; i.e. tartaric acid (TA), malic acid (MA) and succinic acid (SA) with varying acidity and chemical structures, to enhance mechanical properties and water barrier ability. Basil seeds have a reasonable mucilage content and valuable properties; thus, it has the potential to develop valuable new biodegradable films.RESULTWe characterized BSM films with the three crosslinkers using Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectra and observed a 1730 cm−1 CO stretching peak, which confirmed ester linkage between the mucilage and crosslinkers. The crosslinked films showed higher gel fraction than native films. The crosslinked films showed better swelling and water vapor permeability with SA than with TA and MA. Crosslinking led to significant improvement in strain at maximum load. Further, the stress maximum load was comparable to that of commercial low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) film. Crosslinked films showed additional homogeneous morphology and an increase in thermal degradation temperatures.CONCLUSIONCrosslinking with dicarboxylic acids improved all the key properties of BSM films, including excellent stress and strain at maximum load, improved barrier capability and thermal properties. Thus, these films showed good potential as biodegradable films, especially for food packaging. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Relative contribution of sensory characteristics for different types of pork loin, assessed by temporal dominance of sensations
Authors: Watanabe Genya , Ohmori Hideyuki , Tajima Kiyoshi , Sasaki Yasuhito , Wakiya Yuichiro , Motoyama Michiyo , Nakajima Ikuyo , Sasaki Keisuke 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDSensory perception is a dynamic process occurring sequentially. The dynamic analysis of the perception of sensory characteristics in meat is important to understand complex meat sensory characteristics. Temporal dominance of sensations (TDS) is a dynamic sensory method that captures the ‘dominance of sensations’ throughout food consumption, and it is possible to calculate the relative contribution of various sensory characteristics by ‘dominance rate’ over time. The objective of this study was to assess the major sensory characteristics of the dynamic sensory perception of pork loin. Using the TDS, we evaluated pork loins derived from pigs with different genetic and feeding backgrounds. Moreover, we checked the integrity of the TDS by comparing the TDS results with a descriptive sensory analysis and a physico‐chemical analysis.RESULTSSeven types of pork loin were evaluated by TDS, and ‘tender and/or soft,’ ‘tough and/or hard,’ ‘juicy,’ ‘dry,’ ‘fat melting,’ ‘smoothness,’ ‘sourness,’ ‘umami,’ and ‘beast odors’ became dominant in at least one type of pork loin. The dynamics of the perception of pork sensory characteristics was also depicted by TDS. In addition, TDS and descriptive analysis demonstrated similarity in principal component analysis.CONCLUSIONTDS demonstrated the major sensory characteristics on the dynamic sensory perception of pork loin. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Does sustainability matter to package tourists? The case of large‐scale coastal tourism
Authors: Goffi Gianluca , Cladera Magdalena , Pencarelli Tonino 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis paper investigates if there are segments of large‐scale coastal package tourists (LCPTs) interested in sustainability, if current sustainability initiatives meet their expectations and if sustainability influences their satisfaction and intention to return. A survey questionnaire has been submitted to LCPTs in Punta Cana, Dominican Republic, one of the world's leading large‐scale coastal destinations. A descriptive statistical analysis, a gap analysis, and a structural equation model have been developed. Findings reveal that LCPTs show a high interest in sustainability, which is a critical area that needs to be improved and that sustainability affects LCPTs' satisfaction and intention to return.
Interleukin‐37 is highly expressed in regulatory T cells of melanoma patients and enhanced by melanoma cell secretome
Authors: Osborne Douglas G. , Domenico Joanne , Luo Yuchun , Reid Anna L. , Amato Carol , Zhai Zili , Gao Dexiang , Ziman Melanie , Dinarello Charles A. , Robinson William A. , Fujita Mayumi 
Published: May 2019

AbstractImmune suppression is one of the 10 hallmarks of cancer. Interleukin‐37 (IL‐37), a member of the IL‐1 family, inhibits both innate and adaptive immunity, and has been shown to modulate immune responses in various disease conditions. Yet, IL‐37 has rarely been investigated in cancer patients, and its biological role in cancer remains to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated the gene expression of IL‐37 in age‐ and sex‐matched blood samples of healthy individuals and melanoma patients, and demonstrated upregulation of IL‐37 messenger RNA (mRNA) in the blood samples of melanoma patients. By further analyzing immune cell subsets responsible for the upregulated IL‐37 expression, we discovered that IL‐37 mRNA was highly expressed in T cells and granulocytes, with the highest expression in regulatory T (Treg) cells in healthy individuals, and that IL‐37 mRNA was upregulated in lymphocytes (T, B, and natural killer cells) in melanoma patient blood. Among all cell subsets, Treg cells from melanoma patients exhibited the highest IL‐37 gene expression levels. We provided evidence that melanoma‐conditioned media induces IL‐37 mRNA and protein expression in multiple lymphocyte populations, particularly in Treg cells. We further confirmed that the IL‐1‐mediated secretome from human melanoma cells, specifically transforming growth factor‐β, induces IL‐37 mRNA expression in human Treg cells. Our results suggest a potential immunosuppressive role for IL‐1 and IL‐37 in melanoma tumorigenesis. Highly elevated IL‐37 in specific lymphocyte populations could serve as a biomarker for tumor‐induced immunosuppression.
Copy number alterations associated with clinical features in an underrepresented population with breast cancer
Authors: Rodrigues‐Peres Raquel M. , de S. Carvalho Benilton , Anurag Meenakshi , Lei Jonathan T. , Conz Livia , Gonçalves Rodrigo , Cardoso Filho Cássio , Ramalho Susana , de Paiva Geisilene R. , Derchain Sophie F. M. , Lopes‐Cendes Iscia , Ellis Matthew J. , Sarian Luis O. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundAs the most incident tumor among women worldwide, breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease. Tremendous efforts have been made to understand how tumor characteristics as histological type, molecular subtype, and tumor microenvironment collectively influence disease diagnosis to treatment, which impact outcomes. Differences between populations and environmental and cultural factors have impacts on the origin and evolution of the disease, as well as the therapeutic challenges that arise due to these factors. We, then, compared copy number variations (CNVs) in mucinous and nonmucinous luminal breast tumors from a Brazilian cohort to investigate major CNV imbalances in mucinous tumors versus non‐mucinous luminal tumors, taking into account their clinical and pathological features.Methods48 breast tumor samples and 48 matched control blood samples from Brazilian women were assessed for CNVs by chromosome microarray. Logistic regression and random forest models were used in order to assess CNVs in chromosomal regions from tumors.ResultsCNVs that were identified in chromosomes 1, 5, 8, 17, 19, and 21 classify tumors according to their histological type, ethnicity, disease stage, and familial history.ConclusionCopy number alterations described in this study provide a better understanding of the landscape of genomic aberrations in mucinous breast cancers that are associated with clinical features.
A clinicopathologic study of the spectrum of systemic forms of EBV‐associated T‐cell lymphoproliferative disorders of childhood: A single tertiary care pediatric institution experience in North America
Authors: Coffey Amy M. , Lewis Annisa , Marcogliese Andrea N. , Elghetany M. Tarek , Punia Jyotinder N. , Chang Chung‐Che , Allen Carl E. , McClain Kenneth L. , Gaikwad Amos S. , El‐Mallawany Nader Kim , Curry Choladda V. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundSystemic forms of EBV‐associated T‐cell lymphoproliferative disorders of childhood (S‐EBV‐T‐LPD) comprise three major forms: EBV‐positive hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (EBV‐HLH), systemic EBV‐positive T‐cell lymphoma (S‐EBV‐TCL), and systemic chronic active EBV infection (S‐CAEBV). These disorders occur rarely in children in Western countries. Here, we described eight children of such entities.DesignEight cases (six clinical and two autopsy) with S‐EBV‐T‐LPD of childhood were retrospectively identified from 1990 to 2015. Clinicopathologic parameters including histomorphology, immunophenotype, EBV studies, and T‐cell receptor gene rearrangement studies were recorded.ResultsPatients include five females and three males of Hispanic, Asian, and Caucasian origins with an age range of 14 months to 9 years. Fever, hepatosplenomegaly, cytopenias, abnormal EBV serologies, and very high EBV viral loads were common findings. Histologic findings showed EBV+ T‐cell infiltrates with variable degrees of architectural distortion and cytologic atypia ranging from no to mild cytologic atypia to overt lymphoma and tissue hemophagocytosis. All showed aberrant CD4+ or CD8+ T cells with dim to absent CD5, CD7, and CD3, and bright CD2 and CD45 by flow cytometry or loss of CD5 by immunohistochemistry. TCR gene rearrangement studies showed monoclonal rearrangements in all clinical cases (6/6). Outcomes were poor with treatment consisting of chemotherapy per the HLH‐94 or HLH‐2004 protocols with or without bone marrow transplant.ConclusionIn this large pediatric clinicopathologic study of S‐EBV‐T‐LPD of childhood in the United States, EBV‐HLH, S‐EBV‐TCL, and S‐CAEBV show many overlapping features. Diagnosis is challenging, and overall outcome is poor using current HLH‐directed therapies.
Redox degradable 3‐helix micelles with tunable sensitivity
Authors: Xue Yi , Jung Benson T. , Xu Ting 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe report a new design of redox‐responsive 15 nm 3‐helix micelles with tunable cargo release pathway. The self‐assembled micelles are structurally stabilized by the 3‐helix bundle forming peptide‐poly(ethylene glycol) conjugates and exhibit excellent stability without the presence of reducing agent (e.g., glutathione). Incorporating disulfide linkers at different locations of peptide‐poly(ethylene glycol) conjugates yields different redox‐degradation products that enable different degradation kinetics of the micelle and subsequently cargo release pathway. In conjunction with other attributes of the 3‐helix micelle such as small size, long circulation, and deep tumoral penetration, the present study provides an effective strategy toward controlled intercellular delivery of hydrophobic drugs and therapeutic peptides.