bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Binary Controls on Interfacial Magnetism in Manganite Heterostructures
Authors: Chen Pingfan , Huang Zhen , Li Changjian , Zhang Bangmin , Bao Nina , Yang Ping , Yu Xiaojiang , Zeng Shengwei , Tang Chunhua , Wu Xiaohan , Chen Jingsheng , Ding Jun , Pennycook Stephen John , Ariando A. , Venkatesan Thirumalai Venky , Chow Gan Moog 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe complex interfacial correlations provide new routes toward tunable functionalities. Here, the wide range of tunabilities for magnetic properties are presented, including Curie temperature (from 245 to 320 K), coercive field (from 2 to 205 Oe), and saturated magnetic moment (from 0.9 to 2.8 µB Mn−1), in a 9‐unit‐cell La2/3Sr1/3MnO3 (LSMO) layer via modifying interfacial boundary conditions. Moreover, the LSMO/PbTiO3‐based multilayers and superlattices that consist of PbTiO3/LSMO/NdGaO3 and PbTiO3/LSMO/PbTiO3 interfaces are characterized by two distinct Curie temperatures and coercive fields. The results reveal the feasibility of the interface‐resolved strategy based on boundary modification in fabricating potential devices with multiple accessible states for information storage. The wide‐range modulations on magnetic properties at LSMO/titanate interfaces are explained in terms of binary controls arising from the oxygen octahedral coupling (OOC) and magnetoelectric coupling (MEC). The results not only shed some light on understanding interfacial correlations in oxide heterostructures, but also pave an alternative path for exploring multiple accessible states in all‐oxide‐based electronic devices.
High‐Performance Dibenzoheteraborin‐Based Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters: Molecular Architectonics for Concurrently Achieving Narrowband Emission and Efficient Triplet–Singlet Spin Conversion
Authors: Park In Seob , Matsuo Kyohei , Aizawa Naoya , Yasuda Takuma 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials, which enable the full harvesting of singlet and triplet excited states for light emission, are expected as the third‐generation emitters for organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs), superseding the conventional fluorescence and phosphorescence materials. High photoluminescence quantum yield (ΦPL), narrow‐band emission (or high color purity), and short delayed fluorescence lifetime are all strongly desired for practical applications. However, to date, no rational design strategy of TADF emitters is established to fulfill these requirements. Here, an epoch‐making design strategy is proposed for producing high‐performance TADF emitters that concurrently exhibiting high ΦPL values close to 100%, narrow emission bandwidths, and short emission lifetimes of ≈1 µs, with a fast reverse intersystem crossing rate of over 106 s−1. A new family of TADF emitters based on dibenzoheteraborins is introduced, which enable both doped and non‐doped TADF‐OLEDs to achieve markedly high external electroluminescence quantum efficiencies, exceeding 20%, and negligible efficiency roll‐offs at a practical high luminance. Systematic photophysical and theoretical investigations and device evaluations for these dibenzoheteraborin‐based TADF emitters are reported here.
Fe Vacancies Induced Surface FeO6 in Nanoarchitectures of N‐Doped Graphene Protected β‐FeOOH: Effective Active Sites for pH‐Universal Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction
Authors: Li Yan , Huang Junheng , Hu Xiang , Bi Linlin , Cai Pingwei , Jia Jingchun , Chai Guoliang , Wei Shiqiang , Dai Liming , Wen Zhenhai 
Published: June 2018

AbstractDeveloping high‐active, good‐stable, and cost‐effective electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in all‐pH medium is highly desired for the application of various fuel cell systems. Here, a network architecture hybrid with porous nitrogen‐doped graphene encapsulated β‐FeOOH nanoparticals (β‐FeOOH/PNGNs) as ORR electrocatalyst, which exhibits remarkable enhancement ORR performance in terms of activity and stability in pH‐universal medium is reported. Systematic characterization combining with X‐ray absorption fine structure analysis and the first principles simulations reveal that the as‐formed surface FeO6 active sites that induced by a mass of Fe vacancies in β‐FeOOH/PNGNs can significantly lower the thermodynamic barrier of the total reaction, and hence contribute to a remarkable enhancement in ORR activity.
Mini Review of TiO2‐Based Multifunctional Nanocomposites for Near‐Infrared Light–Responsive Phototherapy
Authors: Wang Meifang , Hou Zhiyao , Al Kheraif Abdulaziz A. , Xing Bengang , Lin Jun 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPhototherapy with the properties of specific spatial/temporal selectivity and minimal invasiveness has been acknowledged as one of the most promising cancer therapy types. Among all the photoactive substance for phototherapy, titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanomaterials are paid more and more attention due to their outstanding photocatalytic properties, prominent biocompatibility, and excellent chemical stability. However, the wide bandgap (3.0–3.2 eV) of TiO2 limits its absorption only to the ultraviolet (UV) light region. For a long time, UV light–stimulated TiO2 was applied in the phototherapy researches of tumors located in the skin layer, while it is unsatisfactory for most deep‐tissue tumors. Due to the maximum penetration into tissue existing in the near‐infrared (NIR) region, how to use NIR light to trigger photochemical reaction of TiO2 remains a big challenge. In this review, two strategies to develop and construct NIR‐triggered TiO2‐based nanocomposites (NCs) for phototherapy are summarized, and the relevant mechanism and background knowledge of TiO2‐based phototherapy are also given in order to better understand the application value and current situation of TiO2 in phototherapy. Finally, the challenges and research directions of TiO2 in the future clinic phototherapy application are also discussed.
Flexible‐Device Injector with a Microflap Array for Subcutaneously Implanting Flexible Medical Electronics
Authors: Song Kwangsun , Kim Juho , Cho Sungbum , Kim Namyun , Jung Dongwuk , Choo Hyuck , Lee Jongho 
Published: June 2018

AbstractImplantable electronics in soft and flexible forms can reduce undesired outcomes such as irritations and chronic damages to surrounding biological tissues due to the improved mechanical compatibility with soft tissues. However, the same mechanical flexibility also makes it difficult to insert such implants through the skin because of reduced stiffness. In this paper, a flexible‐device injector that enables the subcutaneous implantation of flexible medical electronics is reported. The injector consists of a customized blade at the tip and a microflap array which holds the flexible implant while the injector penetrates through soft tissues. The microflap array eliminates the need of additional materials such as adhesives that require an extended period to release a flexible medical electronic implant from an injector inside the skin. The mechanical properties of the injection system during the insertion process are experimentally characterized, and the injection of a flexible optical pulse sensor and electrocardiogram sensor is successfully demonstrated in vivo in live pig animal models to establish the practical feasibility of the concept.
Organic Photovoltaics over Three Decades
Authors: Inganäs Olle 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe development of organic semiconductors for photovoltaic devices, over the last three decades, has led to unexpected performance for an alternative choice of materials to convert sunlight to electricity. New materials and developed concepts have improved the photovoltage in organic photovoltaic devices, where records are now found above 13% power conversion efficiency in sunlight. The author has stayed with the topic of organic materials for energy conversion and energy storage during these three decades, and makes use of the Hall of Fame now built by Advanced Materials, to present his view of the path travelled over this time, including motivations, personalities, and ambitions.
Tough Hydrogels with Fast, Strong, and Reversible Underwater Adhesion Based on a Multiscale Design
Authors: Rao Ping , Sun Tao Lin , Chen Liang , Takahashi Riku , Shinohara Gento , Guo Hui , King Daniel R. , Kurokawa Takayuki , Gong Jian Ping 
Published: June 2018

AbstractHydrogels have promising applications in diverse areas, especially wet environments including tissue engineering, wound dressing, biomedical devices, and underwater soft robotics. Despite strong demands in such applications and great progress in irreversible bonding of robust hydrogels to diverse synthetic and biological surfaces, tough hydrogels with fast, strong, and reversible underwater adhesion are still not available. Herein, a strategy to develop hydrogels demonstrating such characteristics by combining macroscale surface engineering and nanoscale dynamic bonds is proposed. Based on this strategy, excellent underwater adhesion performance of tough hydrogels with dynamic ionic and hydrogen bonds, on diverse substrates, including hard glasses, soft hydrogels, and biological tissues is obtained. The proposed strategy can be generalized to develop other soft materials with underwater adhesion.
Interlayer‐Spacing‐Regulated VOPO4 Nanosheets with Fast Kinetics for High‐Capacity and Durable Rechargeable Magnesium Batteries
Authors: Zhou Limin , Liu Qi , Zhang Zihe , Zhang Kai , Xiong Fangyu , Tan Shuangshuang , An Qinyou , Kang Yong‐Mook , Zhou Zhen , Mai Liqiang 
Published: June 2018

AbstractOwing to the low‐cost, safety, dendrite‐free formation, and two‐electron redox properties of magnesium (Mg), rechargeable Mg batteries are considered as promising next‐generation secondary batteries with high specific capacity and energy density. However, the clumsy Mg2+ with high polarity inclines to sluggish Mg insertion/deinsertion, leading to inadequate reversible capacity and rate performance. Herein, 2D VOPO4 nanosheets with expanded interlayer spacing (1.42 nm) are prepared and applied in rechargeable magnesium batteries for the first time. The interlayer expansion provides enough diffusion space for fast kinetics of MgCl+ ion flux with low polarization. Benefiting from the structural configuration, the Mg battery exhibits a remarkable reversible capacity of 310 mAh g−1 at 50 mA g−1, excellent rate capability, and good cycling stability (192 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1 even after 500 cycles). In addition, density functional theory (DFT) computations are conducted to understand the electrode behavior with decreased MgCl+ migration energy barrier compared with Mg2+. This approach, based on the regulation of interlayer distance to control cation insertion, represents a promising guideline for electrode material design on the development of advanced secondary multivalent‐ion batteries.
Device‐Level Photonic Memories and Logic Applications Using Phase‐Change Materials
Authors: Cheng Zengguang , Ríos Carlos , Youngblood Nathan , Wright C. David , Pernice Wolfram H. P. , Bhaskaran Harish 
Published: June 2018

AbstractInspired by the great success of fiber optics in ultrafast data transmission, photonic computing is being extensively studied as an alternative to replace or hybridize electronic computers, which are reaching speed and bandwidth limitations. Mimicking and implementing basic computing elements on photonic devices is a first and essential step toward all‐optical computers. Here, an optical pulse‐width modulation (PWM) switching of phase‐change materials on an integrated waveguide is developed, which allows practical implementation of photonic memories and logic devices. It is established that PWM with low peak power is very effective for recrystallization of phase‐change materials, in terms of both energy efficiency and process control. Using this understanding, multilevel photonic memories with complete random accessibility are then implemented. Finally, programmable optical logic devices are demonstrated conceptually and experimentally, with logic “OR” and “NAND” achieved on just a single integrated photonic phase‐change cell. This study provides a practical and elegant technique to optically program photonic phase‐change devices for computing applications.
A Silica‐Aerogel‐Reinforced Composite Polymer Electrolyte with High Ionic Conductivity and High Modulus
Authors: Lin Dingchang , Yuen Pak Yan , Liu Yayuan , Liu Wei , Liu Nian , Dauskardt Reinhold H. , Cui Yi 
Published: June 2018

AbstractHigh‐energy all‐solid‐state lithium (Li) batteries have great potential as next‐generation energy‐storage devices. Among all choices of electrolytes, polymer‐based systems have attracted widespread attention due to their low density, low cost, and excellent processability. However, they are generally mechanically too weak to effectively suppress Li dendrites and have lower ionic conductivity for reasonable kinetics at ambient temperature. Herein, an ultrastrong reinforced composite polymer electrolyte (CPE) is successfully designed and fabricated by introducing a stiff mesoporous SiO2 aerogel as the backbone for a polymer‐based electrolyte. The interconnected SiO2 aerogel not only performs as a strong backbone strengthening the whole composite, but also offers large and continuous surfaces for strong anion adsorption, which produces a highly conductive pathway across the composite. As a consequence, a high modulus of ≈0.43 GPa and high ionic conductivity of ≈0.6 mS cm−1 at 30 °C are simultaneously achieved. Furthermore, LiFePO4–Li full cells with good cyclability and rate capability at ambient temperature are obtained. Full cells with cathode capacity up to 2.1 mAh cm−2 are also demonstrated. The aerogel‐reinforced CPE represents a new design principle for solid‐state electrolytes and offers opportunities for future all‐solid‐state Li batteries.
Enlarged CoO Covalency in Octahedral Sites Leading to Highly Efficient Spinel Oxides for Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Zhou Ye , Sun Shengnan , Song Jiajia , Xi Shibo , Chen Bo , Du Yonghua , Fisher Adrian C. , Cheng Fangyi , Wang Xin , Zhang Hua , Xu Zhichuan J. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractCobalt‐containing spinel oxides are promising electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) owing to their remarkable activity and durability. However, the activity still needs further improvement and related fundamentals remain untouched. The fact that spinel oxides tend to form cation deficiencies can differentiate their electrocatalysis from other oxide materials, for example, the most studied oxygen‐deficient perovskites. Here, a systematic study of spinel ZnFexCo2−xO4 oxides (x = 0–2.0) toward the OER is presented and a highly active catalyst superior to benchmark IrO2 is developed. The distinctive OER activity is found to be dominated by the metal–oxygen covalency and an enlarged CoO covalency by 10–30 at% Fe substitution is responsible for the activity enhancement. While the pH‐dependent OER activity of ZnFe0.4Co1.6O4 (the optimal one) indicates decoupled proton–electron transfers during the OER, the involvement of lattice oxygen is not considered as a favorable route because of the downshifted O p‐band center relative to Fermi level governed by the spinel's cation deficient nature.
On‐Chip Dual Electro‐Optic and Optoelectric Modulation Based on ZnO Nanowire‐Coated Photonic Crystal Nanocavity
Authors: Xie Jingya , Hu Xiaoyong , Li Chong , Wang Feifan , Xu Peizhen , Tong Limin , Yang Hong , Gong Qihuang 
Published: June 2018

AbstractElectronic–photonic hybrid integrated circuits represent the essential basis of next‐generation ultrahigh‐speed information processing chips, which will require ultrafast and ultralow‐energy‐consumption electronic and photonic information interconversion and modulation, i.e., on‐chip dual electro‐optic and optoelectric modulation. However, this type of modulation has not been realized to date because of an absence of materials that demonstrate sufficient intrinsic electro‐optic and optoelectric responses simultaneously. On‐chip dual electro‐optic and optoelectric modulation is experimentally realized here based on refractive index variation of a ZnO nanowire driven by the gate voltage and electrical conductivity changes in this nanowire caused by the strong localized light field of a silicon nitride photonic crystal nanocavity mode. A low gate voltage of 1.5 V induces a large shift of 7 nm in the Fano‐like resonance wavelength and modulates the propagation state of an 800 nm light signal with a large modulation depth of 75%. Additionally, weak signal light with power as low as 0.4 µW induces a modulation depth of 60% in the electric signal. On‐chip conversion between electronic and photonic signals thus is achieved. This work paves the way toward realization of novel nanoscale multifunctional optoelectronic integrated devices and provides an on‐chip platform for the study of new optoelectronic functional materials.
Cross‐linked poly(methyl methacrylate)/multiwall carbon nanotube nanocomposites for environmental treatment
Authors: Hussein Mahmoud A. , Albeladi Hasinah K. , Elsherbiny Abeer S. , El‐Shishtawy Reda M. , Al‐romaizan Abeer N. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractEco‐friendly cross‐linked poly(methyl methacrylate)/multiwall carbon nanotube nanocomposites with general abbreviation (C‐PMMA/CNTs1‐5) have been synthesized and applied efficiently for environmental treatment from methyl green (MG) dye. C‐PMMA/CNTs1‐5 were prepared via in situ cross‐linked polymerization method using 1,12‐diaminododecane as the cross‐linker. CNTs were enforced with variable loading (2, 5, 10, 20 and 40) wt% in situ while the cross‐linking polymerization occurred. The fabricated nanocomposites were spectroscopically regarded by common characterization methods. These include FTIR spectra, XRD diffractograms, SEM & TEM micrographs, and TGA & DTA thermograms. FTIR and XRD showed obvious evidence for the composite formation. A good spreading of CNTs inside C‐PMMA matrix has been investigated by SEM and TEM micrographs. TGA showed enhanced thermal stability behavior in all formulations. Our main target in this study is to test the viability of eliminating MG dye from aqueous solutions by C‐PMMA/CNT nanocomposites. The C‐PMMA/CNT3 nanocomposite showed Langmuir adsorption capacity of 6.85 mmol/g for MG dye at 25°C. The adsorption equilibrium could be reached within 120 min. The adsorption kinetics of MG onto C‐PMMA/CNTs3 was obeyed very well pseudo‐second‐order model. Enthalpy (∆H°) and entropy (∆S°) of adsorption were 23.15 kJ/mol and 134.1 J mol−1 K−1, respectively. The values of ∆H° and ∆G° all designated that the adsorption of MG onto C‐PMMA/CNT3 nanocomposites was a physisorption in nature.
Histone Deacetylase 7‐Derived Peptides Play a Vital Role in Vascular Repair and Regeneration
Authors: Pan Yiwa , Yang Junyao , Wei Yongzhen , Wang He , Jiao Rongkuan , Moraga Ana , Zhang Zhongyi , Hu Yanhua , Kong Deling , Xu Qingbo , Zeng Lingfang , Zhao Qiang 
Published: June 2018

AbstractCardiovascular disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Accumulating evidence indicates that local resident stem/progenitor cells play an important role in vascular regeneration. Recently, it is demonstrated that a histone deacetylase 7‐derived 7‐amino acid peptide (7A, MHSPGAD) is critical in modulating the mobilization and orientated differentiation of these stem/progenitor cells. Here, its therapeutic efficacy in vascular repair and regeneration is evaluated. In vitro functional analyses reveal that the 7A peptide, in particular phosphorylated 7A (7Ap, MH[pSer]PGAD), could increase stem cell antigen‐1 positive (Sca1+) vascular progenitor cell (VPC) migration and differentiation toward an endothelial cell lineage. Furthermore, local delivery of 7A as well as 7Ap could enhance angiogenesis and ameliorate vascular injury in ischaemic tissues; these findings are confirmed in a femoral artery injury model and a hindlimb ischaemia model, respectively. Importantly, sustained delivery of 7A, especially 7Ap, from tissue‐engineered vascular grafts could attract Sca1+‐VPC cells into the grafts, contributing to endothelialization and intima/media formation in the vascular graft. These results suggest that this novel type of peptides has great translational potential in vascular regenerative medicine.
High‐Energy Aqueous Lithium Batteries
Authors: Eftekhari Ali 
Published: June 2018

AbstractOwing to the high voltage of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), the dominating electrolyte is non‐aqueous. The idea of an aqueous rechargeable lithium battery (ARLB) dates back to 1994, but it had attracted little attention due to the narrow stable potential window of aqueous electrolytes, which results in low energy density. However, aqueous electrolytes were employed during the 2000s for the fundamental studies of electrode materials in the absence of side reactions such as the decomposition of organic species. The high solubility of lithium bis(trifluoromethane sulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) in water has introduced new opportunities for high‐voltage ARLBs. Nonetheless, these ideas are somehow overshadowed by the common perception about the essential limitation of the aqueous electrolyte. The electrochemical behaviour of conventional electrode materials can be substantially tuned in the water‐in‐salt electrolytes. The latest idea of utilising a graphite anode in the aqueous water‐in‐salt electrolytes has paved the way towards not only 4‐V ARLB but also a new generation of Li−S batteries with a higher operating voltage and energy efficiency. Furthermore, aqueous electrolytes can provide a cathodically stable environment for Li−O2 batteries. The present paper aims to highlight these emerging opportunities possibly leading to a new generation of LIBs, which can be substantially cheaper and safer.
Out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrests in the toilet in Japan: a population‐based descriptive study
Authors: Kiyohara Kosuke , Nishiyama Chika , Kiguchi Takeyuki , Kobayashi Daisuke , Iwami Taku , Kitamura Tetsuhisa 
Published: June 2018

AimThis study aimed to reveal the characteristics and outcomes of patients with out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) occurring in the toilet. These traits provide useful clues for the prevention of OHCAs and the improvement of prehospital care for these patients.MethodsOut‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest data were obtained from the population‐based, Utstein‐style registry in Osaka City, Japan, between 2009 and 2015. This study identified patients with OHCAs that occurred inside the toilet. The primary end‐point was 1‐month survival with favorable neurological outcome after OHCA.ResultsDuring the 7‐year study period, a total of 18,458 OHCAs were identified. Of these cases, 849 (4.6%) occurred inside the toilet. Among them, the analysis included 733 patients. The distribution depicting monthly OHCA occurrences showed that OHCAs tended to occur in cold months (28.1% [206/733] from October to December and 30.0% [220/733] from January to March). Most OHCAs occurring inside the toilet were of cardiac origin (91.5% [671/733]), and 36.2% (265/733) were witnessed by bystanders. The proportion of patients with ventricular fibrillation was 5.2% (38/733) and those receiving shocks by public‐access automated external defibrillators was 0.4% (3/733). The proportion of patients with 1‐month survival with favorable neurological outcome was 1.9% (14/733).ConclusionsOut‐of‐hospital cardiac arrests occurring inside the toilet accounted for 4.6% of all OHCAs and were frequently observed during cold months, and their outcome was poor. Establishment of preventive measures against OHCAs occurring in the toilet as well as earlier recognition of OHCAs are needed.
Cobalt‐katalysierte Kreuzkupplung zwischen Alkenylacetaten und Aryl‐ oder Alkenylzinkpivalaten
Authors: Li Jie , Knochel Paul 
Published: June 2018

AbstractCoBr2 (5 mol %), in Gegenwart von 2,2′‐Bipyridin (5 mol %), ermöglicht Alkenylierungen zwischen leicht zugänglichen Alkenylacetaten, ‐tosylaten und verschiedenen funktionalisierten Arylzinkpivalaten bei Raumtemperatur. Zusätzlich wurde die Cobaltkatalyse auf Alkenylzinkpivalate angewendet, um substituierte 1,3‐Diene zu erhalten.