bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Concise Review: Skeletal Muscle as a Delivery Route for Mesenchymal Stromal Cells
Authors: Hamidian Jahromi Shiva , Davies John E. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have demonstrated extensive capacity to modulate a catabolic microenvironment toward tissue repair. The fate, biodistribution, and dwell time of the in vivo delivered MSCs largely depend on the choice of the cell delivery route. Intramuscular (IM) delivery of MSCs is clinically safe and has been used for the effective treatment of local pathologies. Recent findings have shown that the secretome of the IM-delivered MSCs enters the circulation and provides systemic effects on distant organs. In addition, muscle tissue provides a safe residence for the delivered MSCs and an extended secretorily active dwell time compared with other delivery routes. There are, however, controversies concerning the fate of MSCs post IM-delivery and, specifically, into an injured site with proinflammatory cues. This review seeks to provide a brief overview of the fate and efficacy of IM-delivered MSCs and to identify the gaps that require further assessment for adoption of this promising route in the treatment of systemic disease. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:456–465
Encapsulation of a Palladium Schiff‐Base Complex into the Nanocages of Mesoporous SBA‐16 as an Efficient Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Suzuki‐Miyaura Coupling Reaction in Water
Authors: Niakan Mahsa , Asadi Zahra , Masteri‐Farahani Majid 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA palladium Schiff base complex was successfully encapsulated in the nanocages of SBA‐16 by post‐reducing the pore entrance size through a simple silylation method. The prepared material was demonstrated to be a high‐performance and efficient heterogeneous catalyst in the Suzuki‐Miyaura reaction of a wide range of aryl halides with arylboronic acids even with low palladium loading (0.01 mol%) under mild aqueous condition. The catalyst could be recovered by simple filtration from the reaction mixture and reused for eight cycles with no change in catalytic performance confirming its good stability. Comparison of the activity of free and encapsulated complex revealed that placement of the complex in the nanocages of SBA‐16 did not compromise its catalytic activity. Moreover, based on the experimental results, we proposed a possible reaction mechanism, which was further confirmed by density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
One‐pot Synthesis of 4‐Aryl‐NH‐1,2,3‐triazoles in Presence of Fe3O4@SiO2@Propyl‐HMTA as a New Basic Catalyst
Authors: Mirzaei‐Mosbat Maryam , Ghorbani‐Vaghei Ramin , Sarmast Narges 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn this paper, hexamethylenetetramine‐functionalized magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@SiO2@Propyl‐HMTA) catalyst was prepared and utilized for the synthesis of 4‐aryl‐NH‐1,2,3‐triazole derivatives. Also, the interaction between aldehyde, nitromethane, and sodium azide was investigated within the synthesis route. Henry Reaction between the aldehyde and nitromethane created an intermediate that was immediately attacked by N3−. As a result of this attack, 4‐aryl‐NH‐1,2,3‐triazole was generated through an in situ [3 + 2] cycloaddition.
Recent Advances in Hollow Porous Carbon Materials for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Fu Ang , Wang Chaozhi , Pei Fei , Cui Jingqin , Fang Xiaoliang , Zheng Nanfeng 
Published: February 2019

AbstractLithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries are considered as one of the most potential next‐generation rechargeable batteries due to their high theoretical energy density. However, some critical issues, such as low capacity, poor cycling stability, and safety concerns, must be solved before Li–S batteries can be used practically. During the past decade, tremendous efforts have been devoted to the design and synthesis of electrode materials. Benefiting from their tunable structural parameters, hollow porous carbon materials (HPCM) remarkably enhance the performances of both sulfur cathodes and lithium anodes, promoting the development of high‐performance Li–S batteries. Here, together with the templated synthesis of HPCM, recent progresses of Li–S batteries based on HPCM are reviewed. Several important issues in Li–S batteries, including sulfur loading, polysulfide entrapping, and Li metal protection, are discussed, followed by a summary on recent research on HPCM‐based sulfur cathodes, modified separators, and lithium anodes. After the discussion on emerging technical obstacles toward high‐energy Li–S batteries, prospects for the future directions of HPCM research in the field of Li–S batteries are also proposed.
Biocompatibility of Amine‐Functionalized Silica Nanoparticles: The Role of Surface Coverage
Authors: Hsiao I‐Lun , Fritsch‐Decker Susanne , Leidner Arnold , Al‐Rawi Marco , Hug Vanessa , Diabaté Silvia , Grage Stephan L , Meffert Matthias , Stoeger Tobias , Gerthsen Dagmar , Ulrich Anne S. , Niemeyer Christof M. , Weiss Carsten 
Published: February 2019

AbstractHere, amorphous silica nanoparticles (NPs), one of the most abundant nanomaterials, are used as an example to illustrate the utmost importance of surface coverage by functional groups which critically determines biocompatibility. Silica NPs are functionalized with increasing amounts of amino groups, and the number of surface exposed groups is quantified and characterized by detailed NMR and fluorescamine binding studies. Subsequent biocompatibility studies in the absence of serum demonstrate that, irrespective of surface modification, both plain and amine‐modified silica NPs trigger cell death in RAW 264.7 macrophages. The in vitro results can be confirmed in vivo and are predictive for the inflammatory potential in murine lungs. In the presence of serum proteins, on the other hand, a replacement of only 10% of surface‐active silanol groups by amines is sufficient to suppress cytotoxicity, emphasizing the relevance of exposure conditions. Mechanistic investigations identify a key role of lysosomal injury for cytotoxicity only in the presence, but not in the absence, of serum proteins. In conclusion, this work shows the critical need to rigorously characterize the surface coverage of NPs by their constituent functional groups, as well as the impact of serum, to reliably establish quantitative nanostructure activity relationships and develop safe nanomaterials.
Functional Equivalency in Human Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer-Derived Endothelial Cells
Authors: Park Soon-Jung , Lee Ji-Heon , Lee Seul-Gi , Lee Jeoung Eun , Seo Joseph , Choi Jong Jin , Jung Taek-Hee , Chung Eun-Bin , Kim Ha Na , Ju Jongil , Song Yun-Ho , Chung Hyung-Min , Lee Dong Ryul , Moon Sung-Hwan 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The derivation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) has prompted a re-emerging interest in using such cells for therapeutic cloning. Despite recent advancements in derivation protocols, the functional potential of CHA-NT4 derived cells is yet to be elucidated. For this reason, this study sought to differentiate CHA-NT4 cells toward an endothelial lineage in order to evaluate in vitro and in vivo functionality. To initial differentiation, embryoid body formation of CHA-NT4 was mediated by concave microwell system which was optimized for hESC-endothelial cell (EC) differentiation. The isolated CD31+ cells exhibited hallmark endothelial characteristics in terms of morphology, tubule formation, and ac-LDL uptake. Furthermore, CHA-NT4-derived EC (human nuclear transfer [hNT]-ESC-EC) transplantation in hind limb ischemic mice rescued the hind limb and restored blood perfusion. These findings suggest that hNT-ESC-EC are functionally equivalent to hESC-ECs, warranting further study of CHA-NT4 derivatives in comparison to other well established pluripotent stem cell lines. This revival of human SCNT-ESC research may lead to interesting insights into cellular behavior in relation to donor profile, mitochondrial DNA, and oocyte quality. Stem Cells 2019;37:623–630
Chemopreventive efficacy zingerone (4‐[4‐hydroxy‐3‐methylphenyl] butan‐2‐one) in experimental colon carcinogenesis in Wistar rats
Authors: Ganaie Majid Ahmad , Al Saeedan Abdulaziz , Madhkali Hassan , Jan Basit Lateef , Khatlani Tanvir , Sheikh Ishfaq Ahmad , Rehman Muneeb U. , Wani Khalida 
Published: February 2019

AbstractColorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Development of naturally occurring inexpensive and safe alternatives can be effective in suppressing colon related proliferations. Zingerone (4‐[4‐hydroxy‐3‐methylphenyl] butan‐2‐one), a polyphenolic alkanone of ginger, has massive pharmacological properties and thus can be used as promising candidate against various ailments. In the current study, we aimed at demonstrating the protective effect of zingerone against experimental colon carcinogenesis and elucidating its possible mechanism by studying inflammatory and Nrf‐2 signaling cascade. Four groups of animals (I‐IV) were made with six animals each. Group I (control) was given normal saline orally. Group II was given 1,2‐dimethylhydrazine (DMH) at the dose rate of 20 mg/kg body weight. Group III and IV were treated with DMH at the dose rate of 20 mg/kg body weight and also received oral treatment of zingerone at a dose rate of 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight, respectively, for first 5 weeks and animals were euthanized after 16 weeks. Our results reveal that DMH treated rats exhibited elevated ROS and MDA levels, increased activity of cytochrome P450 2E1 and serum marker enzyme carcinoembreyonic antigen (CEA), increased no of aberrant crypts of foci (ACF), and elevated expression of inflammatory and proliferative proteins. Nrf‐2 was downregulated by DMH treatment. Treatment with zingerone to DMH treated rats, resulted in alterations in the activity of the cytochrome P450 2E1 and CEA. In addition, immunostaining of NF‐kB‐p65, COX‐2, iNOS, and PCNA, Ki‐67 was suppressed by zingerone. Furthermore, zingerone administration also attenuated the level of IL‐6 and TNF‐α and it also helps in preserving mucous layer. Thus, zingerone could be considered as a good chemopreventive agent in experimental model of colon carcinogenesis. Further studies are required to study other pathways involved in colon carcinogenesis and their modulation buy zingerone.
Nest survival data confirm managed housing is an important component to the conservation of the eastern purple martin
Authors: Raleigh Daniel , Ray James D. , Grisham Blake A. , Siegrist Joe , Greene Daniel U. 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTThe purple martin (Progne subis) is entrenched in a consistent, long‐term decline. This is especially true for the subspecies east of the Rocky Mountains (P. s. subis), which today nests almost exclusively in provisioned housing (birdhouses and hollow gourds) provided by citizen scientists. One benefit of provisioned housing is reduced nest‐site competition with nonnative European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) and house sparrows (Passer domesticus) when managed by citizen scientists. Increased competition for nest sites and subsequently lower productivity due to declining management of available housing is speculated to be primary factors for their long‐term declines. To assess whether managed housing promoted high nest‐survival metrics, we used a 19‐year database (1995–2013) of nest‐check records provided by Project MartinWatch, a citizen science program of the Purple Martin Conservation Association. We compared nest ecology metrics and survival among housing and entrance‐hole type to assess if specific provisioned housing or entrance‐hole type increased clutch size or number of chicks fledged. Using 72,627 nests across 8 regions monitored by citizen scientists, our major findings were 1) nest survival was >85% among 8 regions in the eastern United States and Canada; and 2) clutch size and number of fledglings produced were slightly larger in natural and artificial gourds with entrances designed to exclude European starlings; but 3) housing and entrance‐hole types were not important predictors of nest survival and clutch size had a small, inverse relationship with daily nest survival (βClutch = −0.002). Our results suggest managed housing is an important conservation tool based on previously undocumented high nest survival across the numerous artificial housing options. Our findings encourage the use of artificial and natural gourds with European starling‐resistant entrance holes, but promotion of managed artificial housing of any type in North America is beneficial and strongly encouraged. © 2019 The Wildlife Society.
Characterization of bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L.) germplasm for nitrogen use efficiency
Authors: Schneider-Canny Raquel , Chekhovskiy Konstantin , Muñoz Patricio , Kwon Soonil , Saha Malay C. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBermudagrass is the most important warm-season pasture in the Southern USA with exceptional forage production potential and abiotic stress tolerance. However, it requires high nitrogen (N) supply to reach its full biomass and quality potential. Our objectives were to: (1) develop a nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) screening protocol for bermudagrass in controlled or semi-controlled conditions, (2) identify contrasting genotypes for NUE from natural variants and, (3) develop a knowledge base of NUE in bermudagrass. A collection consisting 290 Cynodon sp. genotypes was first pre-screened in the greenhouse. Thirty-nine genotypes with high NUE, five with low NUE were selected for further evaluations along with 5 checks in greenhouse and hoop-house under four N rates. Biomass, crude protein and N content were evaluated. N uptake efficiency (NUpE), N utilization efficiency (NUtE) and NUE were calculated based on biomass production. Genotypes showed significant influences (P < 0.0001) in all of the response variables. The genotype × N rate interaction was not significant for NUE in both environments. NUE had strong correlation with biomass production and NUpE, which got stronger as N rates increased. In N limiting conditions, bermudagrass showed a trade-off between biomass maintenance and crude protein content. Lower N applications increased biomass production over crude protein. However, when N is abundant the crop has the ability to improve crude protein. Several genotypes presented high NUE due their high NUtE and NUpE. Genotypes with contrasting NUE were selected and subjected to further field evaluation. Superior genotypes for NUE will be used in the breeding program to enhance NUE in bermudagrass.
Biplanar Low-Dose Radiography is Accurate for Measuring Combined Anteversion after Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Esposito Christina I. , Miller Theodore T. , Lipman Joseph D. , Carroll Kaitlin M. , Padgett Douglas E. , Mayman David J. , Jerabek Seth A. 
Published: February 2019

Background Acetabular component position alone has not been predictive of stability after total hip arthroplasty (THA). Combined anteversion of the acetabulum and femur has the potential of being more predictive of stability. Unfortunately, femoral component position is difficult to measure on plain radiographs. Computed tomography (CT) is the gold standard for measuring implant position post-operatively, but CT exposes patients to a substantial amount of radiation. Questions/Purposes We sought to determine whether biplanar low-dose radiography can be used to accurately measure both acetabular and femoral implant position after THA. Methods Twenty patients underwent standing low-dose biplanar spine-to-ankle radiographs and supine CT scans 6 weeks after THA. Measurements of acetabular inclination, acetabular anteversion, and femoral anteversion were performed by two blinded observers and compared. Results The average absolute differences between biplanar radiographs and CT scans were 2° ± 2° for acetabular inclination, 3° ± 2° for acetabular anteversion, and 4° ± 4° for femoral anteversion between EOS measurements and CT measurements. Interobserver agreement was good for acetabular inclination, acetabular anteversion, and femoral anteversion (Cronbach's α = 0.90) using biplanar low-dose imaging. Conclusion Biplanar radiography is a reliable low-radiation alternative for measuring acetabular inclination, acetabular anteversion, femoral version, and thus combined anteversion compared to CT. Femoral anteversion had the most variability but is still clinically relevant.
Putting post-decision wagering to the test: a&nbsp;measure of self-perceived knowledge in basic sciences?
Authors: Versteeg Marjolein , Steendijk Paul 
Published: February 2019

Introduction Students learn more effectively when they know what they do not know. Gaining insight into students’ metacognitive awareness is needed as misalignment between actual and self-perceived knowledge impedes their learning process. The optimal method of measuring self-perceived knowledge is still under debate. In this study, we evaluate the use of psychology-derived post-decision wagering for mapping students self-perceived knowledge.
Methods Students (n = 71) performed a pre-test on medical physiology, followed by a teacher-moderated discussion and a post-test with isomorph questions. Half of the students rated their self-perceived knowledge on each question using post-decision wagering, i. e. betting 1–5 points on the correctness of their answer, whereas the other half used a 5-point Likert scale to rate their confidence.
Results Self-perceived knowledge scores were higher for post-decision wagering (pre: 3.75 ± 0.14, post: 4.60 ± 0.07) compared with Likert scales (pre: 3.13 ± 0.08, post: 3.92 ± 0.08) despite similar actual knowledge scores. Furthermore, Likert ratings showed a near-normal distribution, whereas wagers were placed preferentially using the outer ends of the scale. Correlations between mean actual and self-perceived knowledge scores were low in both groups. On average, 8.5% of responses were classified as misconceptions, defined as highly confident incorrect answers.
Discussion Despite the presumed reliability of post-decision wagering, our findings suggest that we should adhere to the use of Likert scales as a balanced measure for self-perceived knowledge in medical education. Moreover, the prevalence of misconceptions did not alter after instruction, indicating a need for instructional
Research IT maturity models for academic health centers: Early development and initial evaluation
Authors: Knosp Boyd M. , Barnett William K. , Anderson Nicholas R. , Embi Peter J. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis paper proposes the creation and application of maturity models to guide institutional strategic investment in research informatics and information technology (research IT) and to provide the ability to measure readiness for clinical and research infrastructure as well as sustainability of expertise. Conducting effective and efficient research in health science increasingly relies upon robust research IT systems and capabilities. Academic health centers are increasing investments in health IT systems to address operational pressures, including rapidly growing data, technological advances, and increasing security and regulatory challenges associated with data access requirements. Current approaches for planning and investment in research IT infrastructure vary across institutions and lack comparable guidance for evaluating investments, resulting in inconsistent approaches to research IT implementation across peer academic health centers as well as uncertainty in linking research IT investments to institutional goals. Maturity models address these issues through coupling the assessment of current organizational state with readiness for deployment of potential research IT investment, which can inform leadership strategy. Pilot work in maturity model development has ranged from using them as a catalyst for engaging medical school IT leaders in planning at a single institution to developing initial maturity indices that have been applied and refined across peer medical schools.
What is the impact of physicians in prehospital treatment for patients in need of acute critical care? – An overview of reviews
Authors: Valentin Gitte , Jensen Lotte Groth 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this overview was to systematically identify and synthesize existing evidence from systematic reviews on the impact of prehospital physician involvement.MethodsThe Medline, Embase, and Cochrane library were searched from 1 January 2000 to 17 November 2017. We included systematic reviews comparing physician-based with non–physician-based prehospital treatment in patients with one of five critical conditions requiring a rapid response.ResultsTen reviews published from 2009 to 2017 were included. Physician treatment was associated with increased survival in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and patients with severe trauma; in the latter group, the result was based on more limited evidence. The success rate of prehospital endotracheal intubation (ETI) has improved over the years, but ETI by physicians is still associated with higher success rates than intubation by paramedics. In patients with severe traumatic brain injury, intubation by paramedics who were not well skilled to do so markedly increased mortality.ConclusionsCurrent evidence is hinting at a benefit of physicians in selected aspects of prehospital emergency services, including treatment of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and critically ill or injured patients in need of prehospital intubation. Evidence is, however, limited by confounding and bias, and comparison is hampered by differences in case mix and the organization of emergency medical services. Future research should strive to design studies that enable appropriate control of baseline confounding and obtain follow-up data for the proportion of patients who die in the prehospital setting.
Variation of Solar Wind Parameters Along With the Understanding of Energy Dynamics Within the Magnetospheric System During Geomagnetic Disturbances
Authors: Poudel Prashant , Simkhada Sunil , Adhikari Binod , Sharma Deepak , Nakarmi Jeevan Jyoti 
Published: February 2019

AbstractInterplanetary solar wind parameters (velocity of solar wind particle [Vp], proton density [Nsw], and component of solar magnetic field [IMF‐Bz]) and geomagnetic indices (symmetric horizontal component of geomagnetic field [SYM‐H], auroral electrojet [AE]) divulge great deal of information about geomagnetic disturbances. To better understand the influence of solar wind invasion into the energy dynamics of magnetosphere system, we have chosen five geomagnetic disturbance events of completely different nature as the quietest days, intense storm, High Intensity Long Duration Continuous Auroral Activity, Substorm, and Supersubstorm. The statistical analysis of these five events clearly supports the case that most of the time IMF‐Bz plays major role to create magnetic reconnection leading to the geomagnetic disturbances. Our study shows that Joule heating covers the largest fraction of energy dissipation, averaging 53.6% of total deposited energy for all events. Even though, in case of Supersubstorm, the major contribution due to the ring current (47%) surpasses Joule heating (43%). The cross‐correlation analysis applied for the IMF‐Bz with SYM‐H, solar wind energy and magnetospheric sinks explain and quantify the relation between them. The positive correlation of IMF‐Bz with SYM‐H value in each event delineates that southward orientation of IMF‐Bz is responsible for the depression of SYM‐H. However, an interesting result that IMF‐Bz correlated negatively with SYM‐H value for the quiet event suggests the southward orientation of IMF‐Bz does not necessarily have to be the cause of disturbance always. In few occasion, Solar Quiet (Sq) and Lunar (L) current is found to be taking over the role of IMF‐Bz to create disturbance.