bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extraction, Qualitative and Quantitative Determination of Secondary Metabolites of Coccinia Indica Fruits
Authors: Shrivastava Rachna 
Published: February 2019

In the last few years, there has been an exponential growth in the field of herbal medicine and gaining popularity both in developing and developed countries because of their natural origin and less side effects. Medicinal plants continue to be an important therapeutic aid for alleviating ailments of humankind. Coccinia Indica (C. indica, cucurbitaceae) is found in warmer and humid part of India. It is also known as Kundru, Bimbi, Lindora. The various extracts of fruit, root juice & leaves of the plant have been reported to be anti-diabetic, dysentery, vomiting, mouth ulcers and bronchitis, asthma and gastrointestinal disturbance. The phytochemicals of this plant include saponin, flavonoid, glycosides and polysaccharides, xyloglucan, taraxerol, carotenoids, cryptoxanthin. The aim of the present study is to examine C. indica fruits for phytochemical profile. Qualitative analysis of various phytochemical constituents and quantitative analysis of total phenolics and flavonoids were determined by the well-known test protocol available in the literature. Quantitative analysis of phenolic and flavonoids was carried out by Folins Ciocalteau reagent method and aluminium chloride method respectively. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of phenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, fixed oil and fats. The total phenolics content of fruits ethanolic extract was (4.3524 mg/100mg), followed by flavonoids (5.0900mg/100mg). The present study concluded that the crude extract of C. indica is a rich source of secondary phytoconstituents which impart significant antioxidant potential. This work also contributes significantly to support the claim about the use of this herb in folk medicines. Further investigation regarding isolation and purification of a number of phytoconstituents from fruits, leaves, stem, flowers and seeds of C. indica may yield optimal combinations of therapeutic alternates.
Keywords: Coccinia indica, Qualitative analysis, Quantitative analysis, TPC, TFC, Folins Ciocalteau
Animal Models in Diabetes Mellitus: An Overview
Authors: Maqbool Mudasir , Dar Mohmad Amin , Gani Imran , Mir Suhail Ahmad 
Published: February 2019

Diabetes mellitus is defined as a state in which homeostasis of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism is improperly regulated by insulin. This results primarily in elevated fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels. If this imbalanced homeostasis dose not returns to normalcy and continues for a protracted period of time, it leads to hyperglycemia, which in due course turns into a syndrome called diabetes mellitus. Several animal models have been developed for studying diabetes mellitus or testing anti-diabetic agents. These models include chemical, surgical (pancreatectomy) and genetic manipulations in several animal species to induce diabetes mellitus. The diabetogenic drugs used include: Alloxan monohydrate, Streptozotocin with or without nicotinamide, Ferric nitrilotriacetate, Ditizona and Anti-insulin serum. The selection of these models to use for investigating the antidiabetic properties of a new compound may be a very difficult task especially for young researchers. The aim of the present review is give a brief idea about various experimental models developed for studying diabetes mellitus, assess the merits and demerits of each model and highlight the precautions needed to avoid erroneous results during the applications of these models.
Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Animal models, Alloxan, Streptozotocin.
A short review and study on antimicrobial activity of Unani drug - Ushba (Smilax ornata)
Authors: Ahmed Reesha , Khan Naeem Ahmad 
Published: February 2019

The study was planned to investigate the antimicrobial activity of Alcoholic and Aqueous extract of Smilax ornata, and brief information about this medicinal herb was also reviewed. Result was compared statistically and it showed significant p<0.001antimicrobial as compared to control (Plain water) and standard Ciprofloxacin (for gram positive strains) and gentamicin (for gram negative strains).
Keywords: Antimicrobial activity, Smilax ornata, Extract, Strain
Development of Tizanidine HCl transdermal patches: In-vitro and Ex-vivo characterization
Authors: Shayeda Dr. , Ayesha Nusrat 
Published: February 2019

The purpose of this work was to design and evaluate matrix type transdermal patches of Tizanidine hydrochloride using Hypromellose (HPMC E15) as polymer, dibutyl phthalate as plasticizer and citral as permeation enhancer. The DSC and FTIR results showed the compatibility of the excipients with the drug. These transdermal drug delivery systems were characterized for their thickness, folding endurance, content uniformity, tensile strength and in-vitro release studies of the drug from the polymeric matrix. In-vitro release studies and ex-vivo permeation were carried out with modified Franz diffusion cell using pH 5.8 & pH 7.4 phosphate buffers as receptor medium and it showed controlled release of drug. The results suggest that the formulation of TIZ may be useful in the development of a therapeutic system to deliver TIZ across the skin for a prolonged period, i.e. 24 hr.
Keywords: Tizanidine Hydrochloride, Transdermal patch, HPMC E15, in-vitro & ex-vivo.
Digitalization of Technological Processes of Crop Production in Russia
Authors: Korotchenya V. M. , Lichman G. I. , Smirnov I. G. 
Published: February 2019

Currently, the influence of program documents on digital agriculture development is rather great in our country. Within the framework of the European Association of Agricultural Mechanical Engineering, a relevant definition of agriculture 4.0 has been elaborated and introduced.Research purpose: offering general recommendations on the digitalization of agriculture in RussiaMaterials and methods. The authors make use of the normative approach: the core of digital agriculture is compared with the current state of the agricultural sector in Russia.Results and discussion. The analysis has found that digital agriculture (agriculture 4.0 and 5.0) is based on developed mechanized technologies (agriculture 2.0), precision agriculture technologies (agriculture 3.0), the use of such digital technologies and technical means as the Internet of things, artificial intelligence, and robotics. The success of introducing digital agriculture depends on the success of all the three levels of the system. However, the problem of the lack of agricultural machinery indicates insufficient development of mechanized technologies; poor implementation of precision agriculture technologies means the lack of experience of using these technologies by the majority of farms in our country; an insufficient number of leading Russian IT companies (such as Amazon, Apple, Google, IBM, Intel, Microsoft etc.) weakens the country’s capacity in making a breakthrough in the development of the Internet of things, artificial intelligence, and robotics.Conclusions.The authors have identified the need to form scientific approaches to the digitization of technological operations used in the cultivation of agricultural crops and classified precision agriculture technologies. They have underlined that the digitization of agricultural production in Russia must be carried out along with intensified mechanization (energy saturation); also, to introduce technologies of precision agriculture and digital agriculture, it is necessary to organize state-funded centers for training farmers in the use of these technologies. Finally, it is necessary to take measures to strengthen the development of the IT sphere, as well as formulate an integral approach to the problem of digitalization.
Pre-Sowing Treatment of Leguminous Crop Seeds with a Magnetic Field
Authors: Kozyrskiy V. V. , Savchenko V. V. , Sinyavskiy A. Yu. 
Published: February 2019

Pre-sowing treatment of seeds in a magnetic field can increase crop yields, reduce the incidence of plants and improve product quality.Research purposeTo analyze the mechanism of the magnetic field influence on seeds, determine the most effective mode of pre-sowing treatment of leguminous crop seeds in a magnetic field and design parameters of the equipment.Materials and methodsThe authors have determined that under the influence of a magnetic field, the rate of chemical and biochemical reactions in plant cells increases, the transport of ions and molecules through the cell membrane increases, and the membrane permeability increases, so the sowing qualities of seeds improve and their yield increases. Experimental studies were carried out with seeds of "Adagumsky" peas variety and "Gribovsky" beans variety, using the experiment planning method. Magnetic induction and the velocity of seed movement in a magnetic field were taken as influencing factors.Results and discussionWith a change in the magnetic induction from 0 to 0.065 T, the germination energy, germination, biometric indicators, and the yield of peas and beans increase, while with further increase in magnetic induction they decrease. It has been revealed that the use of four-time magnetization reversal enhances the effect of magnetic seed treatment. The velocity of seeds is a less significant factor than magnetic induction. The most effective treatment mode occurred at an energy dose of 1.90 J·s/kg for peas and 1.86 J·s/kg for beans, which is provided for a pole division of 0.23 metre. The authors have designed a plant for pre-sowing treatment of seeds in a magnetic field, which consists of four pairs of magnets installed in parallel above and below the conveyor belt with variable polarity.ConclusionThe most effective pre-sowing treatment of leguminous crop seeds in a magnetic field is a magnetic induction of 0.065 T with fourfold reversal and a conveyer movement speed of 0.4 metre per seconds, which provides an increase in peas yield by 42 percent, and that of beans – by 23 percent.
Differences in levelFms-Like Tyrosine Kinase-1 (sFlt-1), soluble Endoglin (s-Eng), and Placental Growth Factor (PIGF) between Early Onset Preeclampsia and Late Onset Preeclampsia
Authors: Nafratilova Lita , Yusrawati Yusrawati , Wahi Irza 
Published: February 2019

Early Onset Preeclampsia (EO-PE) is preeclampsia that develops before 34 weeks 'gestation, caused by intrinsic factors, while Late Onset Preeclampsia (LO-PE) is preeclampsia that develops after 34 weeks' gestation due to extrinsic and maternal factors. There is an increased production of antiangiogenic factors (sFlt-1, s-Eng and PIGF) contribute to pathophysiology of preeclampsia.This study aims to measure the difference of sFlt-1, sEng, PIGF levels between EO-PE and LO-PE. This was an observational study with cross sectional design conducted at Dr. M. Djamil, TK Hospital. III dr. Reksodiwiryo and Biomedical Laboratory FK Unand Padang from August 2017 to August 2018. The sample of this study were 26 severe preeclampsia women : 13 (EO-PE) and 13 (LO-PE), selected using consecutive sampling. Levels of sFlt-1, sEng, PIGF were examined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Statistical analysis was performed using unpaired t test and Mann-Whitney Test. Results shown that serum levels of sFlt-1 and sEng in (EO-PE) were 9.51 ± 0.71 ng / L, 1.44 ± 0.06 ng / mL, 5.79 ± 0.42 ng / mL while in PEAL it was 8, 89 ± 0.78 ng / mL, 1.35 ± 0.14 ng / mL, 6.72 ± 0.76. There were a significant difference with a value of p <0.05. The conclusion of this study is that the levels of sFlt-1 and sEng are higher in (EO-PE) than(LO-PE)and PIGF levels was lower in (EO-PE) compared to (LO-PE)
Correlation of Percentage of Body’s Fat of Breasfeeding Mother to Aterm Infant With Fat Content and Breast Milk Protein
Authors: Rosmaria Rosmaria 
Published: February 2019

Maternal nutritional status is very important to be prepared properly because it correlates with breast milk production, quality and quantity of breast milk component and it has an important role to succesfully achieve breastfeeding that its indicators can be measured based on the duration of exclusive breast milk, infant development. Various studies show that there were positive relations of maternal nutritional status to breastfeeding performance and infant development.The method of this study applied cross sectional, with correlative study type to 48 postpartum mothers who breastfeed with exclusive breast milk to their infants aged 1-3 months. The study was conducted at work area of Belimbing Public Health Center and Central General Hospital of M Djamil from October to June 2016. The samples weere selected based on probality Sampling. The measurement of the percentage of body’s fat of breastfeeding aterm infant applying Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA). The measurement of fat content and breast milk protein with Human Milk Analizer Data Analysis of regression linear and Spearman.The results of the study show that there was a weak negative correlation and significant between the percentage of body’s fat of breastfeeding mother to aterm infant of breast milk fat content (r = - 0.33 ; p = 0.02). There was a very weak negative correlation and insignificant of breast milk protein content (r = - 0.33 ; p = 0.02).In conclusion, the higher the percentage of body’s fat of breastfeeding mother the lower of fat content and breast milk protein
Correlation of Calcium Levels With The Strenght of Uterus Contraction on The Active Phase of First Stage Labor
Authors: Rita Aninora Novia , Seridji Joserizal , Agus Meilinda 
Published: February 2019

Contributing factor to uterus contraction mechanism is the imbalance of the extracellular calcium level. When extracellular calcium level is inadequate, response of the myometrium to oxytocin decreased and the calcium influx inter-cell membranes are suppressed, thus inhibit uterine contractions. The aim of this research is to know the correlation between levels of calcium and the strength of uterine contraction in the active phase of first stage labor. This was a cross-sectional analytic correlative study in the Dr. Rasidin Hospital Padang and UPTD Health Laboratory in West Sumatra province, in was conducted from November 1st, 2014 till February 2016. Sampling was takes by using non probability sampling with consecutive sampling. Subjects of this research were the active phase of first stage labor of 62 people. Kolmogorof Smirnov normality test was used to the normality of the data. Pearson correlation test was conducted to examine the correlation between dependent and independent variables. Mean levels of calcium in the the stage I of labor respondents active phase (8.94 ±0,71), while mean strength of uterine contractions in active phase of first stage labor(56.77±11,84), there was positive correlation (r = 0,62) between the levels of calcium in the strength of uterine contractions (p < 0.05). The conclusion of the study there was a significant correlation between the levels of calcium in the strength of uterine contractions.
PERILAKU SEKSUAL PADA SISWA SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS DI BEKASI
Authors: Karminingsih Karminingsih 
Published: February 2019

Masa remaja adalah tahapan kehidupan yang dilalui oleh setiap manusia dalam proses perkembangan sejak lahir sampai akhir hayatnya. Di Indonesia jumlah remaja yang berusia 15 sampai 24 tahun sebanyak 20% dari jumlah penduduk keseluruhan. Dan diperkirakan akan meningkat menjadi 29% dari jumlah penduduk Indonesia.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran dan hubungan perilaku seksual remaja dari Siswa SMA di Kota Bekasi ditinjau dari faktor internal (usia, jenis kelamin, pengetahuan tentang KRR dan sikap terhadap KRR) dan faktor eksternal (sumber informasi tentang KRR, pendidikan orang tua, keharmonisan keluarga dan pacar) menggunakan kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada responden yang berjumlah 405 orang, dengan pendekatan kuantitatif melalui rancangan cross sectional study. Populasi adalah siswa SMA Kota Bekasi dari tiga sekolah dan berusia antara 15 sampai 19 tahun. Ada enam responden yang harus dikeluarkan karena tidak sesuai dengan kriteria sampel, sehingga jumlah 399 orang.
Dari seluruh responden terdapat 45,4% yang berperilaku seksual berat. Berdasarkan distribusi faktor risiko adalah usia 18-19 (11,5%), laki-laki (48,1%), pengetahuan rendah (13,0%), sikap negatif (0,5%), sumber informasi luar keluarga (94,7%), pendidikan ayah tinggi (95,5%), pendidikan ibu tinggi (79,7%), keluarga tidak harmonis (0,0%), dan ada pacar (39,6%).
Variabel-variabel berhubungan bermakna dengan perilaku seksual berat adalah usia, pengetahuan, pendidikan ibu dan pacar. Variabel paling dominan berpengaruh terhadap perilaku seksual berat adalah usia, ditunjukkan nilai OR sebesar 60,222. Artinya remaja yang berusia 18-19 tahun mempunyai risiko 60 kali lebih besar berperilaku seksual berat dibandingkan dengan remaja yang berusia 15-17 tahun, setelah dikontrol dengan variabel pengetahuan, pendidikan ibu dan pacar.
Untuk mengantitisipasi perilaku seksual pada remaja yang berisiko hendaknya ada kerja sama dengan pihak terkait, seperti PKBI dan BKKBN untuk membentuk suatu ”Klinik Edukasi”.
ISOLASI DAN PEMISAHAN SENYAWA ALKALOID DARI BUAH MAHKOTA DEWA (Phaleria macrocarpa Boerl.) DENGAN METODE KROMATOGRAFI CAIR
Authors: Okzelia Sari Defi 
Published: February 2019

Kromatografi cair kinerja tinggi (KCKT) merupakan metode pemisahan modern yang dapat digunakan untuk pemisahan, pemurnian dan penentuan kadar senyawa. Alkaloid merupakan senyawa metabolit sekunder yang berfungsi sebagai bahan obat alami. Tumbuhan mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa Boerl.) banyak digunakan sebagai obat tradisional oleh masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan memisahkan senyawa alkaloid yang terdapat dalam buah mahkota dewa dengan metode KCKT. Buah mahkota dewa dipotong kecil-kecil, dikeringkan, lalu dimaserasi dengan metanol. Ekstrak metanol pekat diasamkan dengan asam klorida 1% sampai pH 2-3 kemudian diekstraksi dengan diklorometana-air (1:3). Fraksi air yang telah diasamkan tersebut dibasakan dengan amonium hidroksida sampai pH 9-10 kemudian diekstraksi lagi dengan diklorometana-air (1:3). Masing-masing fraksi selalu diuji kualitatif dengan pereaksi Dragendorff untuk mengetahui keberadaan alkaloidnya juga dengan kromatografi lapis tipis. Terhadap fraksi diklorometana basa dilakukan pemisahan dengan KCKT menggunakan kolom C18 (RP-18e) dan dielusi secara isokratis menggunakan fase gerak 10% asetonitril dan 90% larutan kalium dihidrogen fosfat 0,05 M dalam air (pH 3) selama 20 menit. Senyawa alkaloid yang terkandung dalam fraksi diklorometana basa pekat diperoleh enam komponen. Untuk lebih memurnikan alkaloid dilakukan fraksinasi dengan kromatografi kolom klasik menggunakan silika gel G60 dan eluen kloroform-metanol bergradien 2,5%. Fraksi 3 (dari 41 fraksi) yang diduga merupakan senyawa alkaloid standar difraksinasi lagi menggunakan ODS dengan eluen metanol-air (7:3). Terhadap fraksi 2 dan 3 (dari 20 fraksi) dilakukan kembali pemisahan dengan KCKT. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa senyawa alkaloid dalam buah mahkota dewa dapat dipisahkan dengan KCKT sehingga dihasilkan dua komponen pada fraksi 2 dan fraksi 3. Akan tetapi berdasarkan waktu retensi yang diperoleh, senyawa alkaloid tersebut bukan merupakan senyawa alkaloid standar (atropin).
Kata kunci : Alkaloid, mahkota dewa, kromatografi cair
Paradigm Shift: Libraries in the Context of Digital Humanities (Foreign Experience)
Authors: Savitskaya Tatiana E. 
Published: February 2019

The article analyzes the new status of Western libraries within the framework of Di­gital Humanities (DH), a volumetric trend coup­led with a radical change in the existing scienti­fic para­digm. The concept of DH, connected with the use of the methods of computer-aided text ana­lysis, processing of large data sets, digital mapping and 3D modeling in historical, linguistic and cultu­ral studies, affected libraries in the whole range of their inherent functions: custodians of cultu­ral heritage, providers of scientific communication, and centers for know­ledge organization and dissemination.The article aims to compensate the lack of publications, existing in Russian library science, both on the conceptual grounds and the practice of productive cooperation of libraries and DH-projects. The author reveals the content of the cardinal reform of the essence of library work under the auspices of digital science (e-science), associated with the growing complexity of the information environment, the large amounts of heterogeneous data, the interactive potential of modern information and communication technologies, and the personalization of user interfaces. The article classifies the types of cooperation between libraries and DH-projects, reducible to three main models: service, laboratory and network. The range of services provided by libraries to DH-project developers is analyzed: from initial consulting, access to electronic storage infrastructure, management of digital projects, finding grants and applying for them, to promotion, marketing and professional computer assistance.The article presents positive examples of library rebranding as a place for avant-garde scientific research, synergy of methods and research strategies for exact and human sciences. The list of responsibi­lities of library DH-centers is considered: building digital collections for scientific or educational purposes; creating tools for databases identification, formation, and analysis; management of research process, support of websites, digital publication and storage of research results; organization of training in the field of DH, creation of lecture courses and programs, organization of seminars and conferen­ces, cooperation with similar structural units of other institutions.
Human in a Dystopian World: The Approaches of W. Golding and C. McCarthy
Authors: Sapozhnikova Yulia L. 
Published: February 2019

The article compares the views of the English writer W. Golding and the American novelist and playwright C. McCarthy on the human in a dystopian world. This work is relevant due to the undying interest in this genre and the lack of research on this topic. It is possible to compare the novels Lord of the Flies by W. Golding (1954) and The Road by C. McCarthy (2006), since in both the works the main characters are children / a child, and one of the key themes is the theme of road / movement. The chronotope of these novels is si­milar: the authors do not specify neither the cause of the catastrophe, nor the time of the events; the past is represented by a series of flashbacks. The space in the texts is limited and mainly cha­racterized by words from the same thematic groups. The characters, finding themselves in extreme conditions, almost completely lose their humanity and, in their behavior, are likened to animals.However, the authors’ views on the human are different. According to W. Golding, the good constantly struggles with the evil within a person, and you can cope with the evil beginning, if only controlled by some restraining public settings. C. McCarthy believes that love helps people to preserve humanity. In order to fully reveal their own vision of the topic, both the writers resort to a symbolic interpretation of the fire, which W. Golding transforms from a tool of salvation into a means of destruction, and C. McCarthy, on the contrary, makes it a means of not only guaranteeing physical survival, but also helping to preserve the soul and faith.