bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA‐487a‐3p functions as a new tumor suppressor in prostate cancer by targeting CCND1
Authors: Wang Mingming , Yu Wanpeng , Gao Jun , Ma Wenqiang , Frentsch Macro , Thiel Andreas , Liu Mei , Rahman Nafis , Qin Zhihai , Li Xiangdong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractProstate cancer (PCa) is one of the major health problems of the aging male. The roles of dysregulated microRNAs in PCa remain unclear. In this study, we mined the public published data and found that miR‐487a‐3p was significantly downregulated in 38 pairs of clinical prostate tumor tissues compared with the normal tissues. We further verified this result by in situ hybridization on tissue chip and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) in PCa/normal cells. miR‐487a‐3p targeting of cyclin D1 (CCND1) was identified using bioinformatics, qRT‐PCR and western blot analyses. The cellular proliferation, cell cycle, migration, and invasion were assessed by cell counting kit‐8, flow cytometry analysis and transwell assay. We discovered that overexpression of miR‐487a‐3p suppressed PCa cell growth, migration, invasion by directly targeting CCND1. Knockdown of CCND1 in PCa cells showed similar results. Meanwhile, the expression level of CCND1 was significantly upregulated in the PCa tissues and cell lines, which presented negative correlation with the expression of miR‐487a‐3p. More important, we demonstrated significantly reduced growth of xenograft tumors of stable miR‐487a‐3p‐overexpressed human PCa cells in nude mice. Taken together, for the first time, our results revealed that miR‐487a‐3p as a tumor suppressor of PCa could target CCND1. Our finding might reveal miR‐487a‐3p could be potentially contributed to the pathogenesis and a clinical biomarker or the new potential therapeutic target of PCa.
RANKL triggers resistance to TRAIL‐induced cell death in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Ethiraj Purushoth , Sambandam Yuvaraj , Hathaway‐Schrader Jessica D. , Haque Azizul , Novince Chad M. , Reddy Sakamuri V. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractOral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) occurs as a malignancy of the oral cavity. RANK ligand (RANKL) is essential for osteoclast formation/bone resorption. Recently, we showed autoregulation of receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB ligand (RANKL) stimulates OSCC cell proliferation. OSCC cells show resistance to tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) treatment. Therefore, we hypothesize that RANKL promotes resistance for TRAIL induction of OSCC apoptotic cell death. In this study, SCC14A and SCC74A cells cultured with TRAIL revealed high‐level expression of RANKL which increased resistance to TRAIL inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. RANKL stimulation inhibited terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling positive staining in TRAIL‐treated cells. CRISPR/Cas‐9 knockout of RANKL (RANKL‐KO) increased caspase‐9, caspase‐3 activity and cytochrome c release in OSCC cells. RANKL inhibited proapoptotic proteins BAD and BAX expression. TRAIL treatment suppressed the SQSTM1/p62 and RANKL restored the expression. Interestingly, RANKL alone significantly increased proteasome activity. RANKL‐KO in OSCC cells inhibited autophagic activity as evidenced by decreased light chain 3B‐II and beclin‐1 expression. Thus, RANKL stimulation of OSCC tumor cells triggered resistance for TRAIL‐induced OSCC cell death. Taken together, blockade of RANKL may inhibit OSCC tumor progression and enhance the potential of TRAIL induced OSCC tumor cell apoptosis.
Syndecan‐4 involves in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis by regulating the inflammatory response and apoptosis of fibroblast‐like synoviocytes
Authors: Cai Peian , Lu Zhenhui , Jiang Tongmeng , Wang Zetao , Yang Yifeng , Zheng Li , Zhao Jinmin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease, and the pathogenesis of RA is still unknown. Rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast‐like synoviocytes (RA‐FLSs) are of significance in the pathogenesis of RA. In this study, three microarray profiles (GSE55457, GSE55584, and GSE55235) of human joint FLSs from 33 RA patients and 20 normal controls were extracted from the Gene Expression Omnibus Dataset and analyzed to investigate the underlying pathogenesis of RA. As analyzed by the differently expressed genes, gene ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment, and protein‐protein interaction network analysis, syndecan‐4 (SDC4), a receptor of multiple cytokines and chemokines, which played a key role in the regulation of inflammatory response, was found to be an essential regulator in RA. To further validate these results, the levels of SDC4, reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), inflammation, and apoptosis in RA‐FLSs were examined. SDC4‐silenced RA‐FLSs were also used. The results demonstrated that SDC4 and the level of ROS, NO, and inflammation were highly expressed while the apoptosis was decreased in RA‐FLSs compared with normal FLSs. SDC4 silencing significantly suppressed the levels of ROS, NO, and inflammation; elevated the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2; and promoted the apoptosis of RA‐FLSs. Collectively, our results demonstrated a new mechanism of SDC4 in initiating the inflammation and inhibiting the apoptosis of RA‐FLSs and that a potential target for the diagnosis and treatment of RA in the clinic might be developed.
Vascularized gastroepiploic lymph node transfer significantly improves breast cancer‐related lymphedema
Authors: Mousavi Seyed R. , Akbari Mohammad E. , Zarrintan Sina 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundVascularized lymph node transfer (VLNT) is a surgical treatment for lymphedema. Multiple methods have been described and each has significant disadvantages.Study DesignWe performed VLNT in patients with upper extremity lymphedema resulting from breast cancer surgery. We used lymph nodes of the greater curvature of the stomach (VLNTg). We describe outcomes of the patients suffering from postmastectomy lymphedema who received VLNTg for treatment of lymphedema. Harvest from the periphery of the left gastroepiploic vessel was conducted.ResultsWe retrospectively reviewed data of 24 female patients suffering from lymphedema following breast cancer treatment who underwent lymph node transplantation from 2012 to 2017. Axillary lymphadenectomy had been performed in all cases. In 18 patients, upper limb lymphedema was present for at least 1 year (mean = 5.6 years; range, 1–15 years). In 6 patients, it was present for only a few months (mean = 5 months; range, 3–8 months).ConclusionsThe greater curvature of the stomach nodes (VLNTg) is an excellent option for the treatment of upper extremity lymphedema because there is no risk of complications and the scar is easily concealed. Improvement from lymphedema can be expected in a majority of patients.
Use of a self‐contained vacuum‐assisted biopsy system in the assessment of soft tissue tumors
Authors: Simidjiiska‐Belyaeva Maria , Belyaev Orlin , Lehnhardt Marcus , Harati Kamran , Stricker Ingo , Nicolas Volkmar , Daigeler Adrien 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveThis is the first study to compare the safety and efficacy of vacuum‐assisted biopsy (VAB) using a self‐contained hand‐held system compared to those of ultrasound‐guided and computed tomography‐guided core needle biopsy (US‐CNB and CT‐CNB) and to incisional biopsy (IB).MethodsVAB was performed in an outpatient setting under local anesthesia. Safety, diagnostic accuracy, time, and cost expenditures of biopsy were compared between VAB, US‐CNB, CT‐CNB, and IB in 211 consecutive patients.ResultsVAB was applied in 78 patients, US‐CNB in 51, CT‐CNB in 45, and IB in 37. Patient characteristics did not differ between groups. Sample volume of VAB was 392.5 mm3, 4062 mm
3 for IB, and 25.1 to 34.5 mm
3 for CNB, P < .001. VAB discriminated between malignant and benign lesions with the highest accuracy of 96% and determined sarcoma grading accurately in 95%. VAB and CNB had no complications vs 5% for IB. Duration of VAB was 5 ± 2 minutes, equal to US‐CNB and shorter than CT‐CNB and IB. Expenditures for VAB were higher than for US‐CNB and lower than CT‐CNB and IB.ConclusionVAB is an accurate, safe, cost‐effective, and time‐saving outpatient diagnostic procedure for patients with soft‐tissue tumors and presents a viable alternative to IB.
Screening patients at high risk for pancreatic cancer—Is it time for a paradigm shift?
Authors: Lo Winifred , Morris Mackenzie C. , Ahmad Syed A. , Patel Sameer H. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPancreatic cancer remains leading cause of cancer‐related death in the United States. Patients with familial pancreas cancer, hereditary pancreatitis, known genetic mutations, and syndromes are deemed high risk for the development of pancreas cancer. Guidelines exist to help facilitate early diagnosis and treatment and these will be reviewed. Pancreatic cancer remains a leading cause of cancer‐related death in the United States. Patients with familial pancreatic cancer, hereditary pancreatitis, known genetic mutations, and syndromes are deemed high risk for the development of pancreas cancer. Guidelines have been made to help facilitate early diagnosis and treatment for these patients and these will be reviewed. The exact timing of initial screening depends not only on the individual risk factors but consists of endoscopic ultrasound and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography. The frequency of screening depends largely on the findings of initial imaging and the patient's clinical status. We suggest that providers make themselves knowledgeable of current screening recommendations and appropriately apply them. Further critical evaluation of ongoing research is necessary to amend these recommendations as more data and genetic testing becomes available.
Screening high risk populations for cancer: Hepatobiliary
Authors: Bailey Amanda , Shah Shimul A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCancers of the hepatobiliary tract are highly fatal, prompting the need for early detection to provide treatment and decrease the mortality rate. Screening patients for hepatobiliary cancers can provide early detection, but it is not feasible or efficient to screen all patients. Therefore, it is important to consider the known risk factors for each hepatobiliary cancer which creates a smaller population that is amenable to screening.
Predictors of behaviour in solitary fibrous tumours of the pleura surgically resected: Analysis of 107 patients
Authors: Bellini Alice , Marulli Giuseppe , Breda Cristiano , Ferrigno Pia , Terzi Stefano , Lomangino Ivan , Lo Giudice Fabio , Brombin Claudia , Laurino Licia , Pezzuto Federica , Calabrese Fiorella , Rea Federico 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectivesGold standard therapy for solitary fibrous tumour of the pleura is complete surgical resection. Aims of this retrospective study are to evaluate oncological and surgical outcomes and to verify the clinical reliability of prognostic scores presented in literature.MethodsStudy population: 107 patients surgically treated between 1972 and 2018. Male/female ratio: 1/2.45; median age at surgery: 60 years (range, 19‐80); peduncle lesions 69.8%; visceral pleura origin 72.9%; benign histology 73.8%; median diameter 8 cm (range 1 to 35, 27 cases giant [≥15 cm]).ResultsAfter a median follow up of 7 years, 12 patients had recurrence. By multivariate analysis, malignant histology (P = .03; HR, 4.17; 95% CI, 1.15‐15.06), origin from parietal pleura (P  = .03; HR, 3.90; 95% CI, 1.08‐14.09), England (P = .002; HR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.28‐3.07), Diebold (P = .008; HR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.20‐3.22) and Tapias (P = .003; HR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.20‐2.53) scores were found independent significant predictors of relapse. Giant tumours were associated with open surgery (P = .003), origin from parietal pleura (P = .011) and intraoperative bleeding (P > .001). Overall 10‐year disease‐free survival (DFS) rate was 81%. Predictors of worst DFS were parietal pleura origin (P = .002), malignant histology (P = .006) and all the prognostic scores.ConclusionsMalignant histology and origin from parietal pleura were significant predictors of tumour recurrence and worst DFS. The use of current scoring systems can help to predict clinical behaviour. Patients with higher risk of relapse can benefit from closer follow up, prolonged over 10 years.
Use of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center nomogram to guide intraoperative sentinel lymph node frozen sections in patients with early breast cancer
Authors: Houpu Yang , Fei Xie , Yang Yang , Fuzhong Tong , Peng Liu , Bo Zhou , Lin Cheng , Yingming Cao , Miao Liu , Hongjun Liu , Siyuan Wang , Yuan Peng , Danhua Shen , Shu Wang 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundWe implemented selective use of frozen section (FS) to optimize accuracy and cost control in the intraoperative diagnosis of sentinel lymph node (SLN) in patients with breast cancer, guided by the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) nodal metastasis risk prediction nomogram.MethodsSurgical pathology records were reviewed, examining 2582 consecutive biopsies from 2552 patients with breast cancer to compare intraoperative FS diagnoses with postoperative final reports. We calculated sensitivity, specificity, and false‐negative rates (FNRs) for various MSKCC risk levels, also analyzing axillary reoperation rates, with and without FS, and the number needed to treat (NNT) to avoid separate axillary lymph node dissection.ResultsThe sensitivity, specificity, and FNR of FS were 84.7%, 99.9%, and 15.3%, respectively. FNR and MSKCC risk level negatively correlated (r = −0.86; P = .002). Axillary reoperation rate significantly declined if FS was done (FS: 4.0%; no FS: 36.4%; P = .002). In grouping patients by quartile of MSKCC risk, axillary reoperation rates were 16.7%, 25.1%, 38.7%, and 58.7% without FS, compared with 4.3%, 3.2%, 5.6%, 3.3% with FS and NNT correspondingly fell from 8.1 to 4.6, 3.0, and 1.8.ConclusionsA stratified decision‐making algorithm based on the MSKCC risk prediction model improved the effectiveness of FS during SLN biopsy to avoid axillary reoperation.
Appendiceal cancer masked as inflammatory appendicitis in the elderly, not an uncommon presentation (Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER)‐Medicare Analysis)
Authors: Siddharthan Ragavan V. , Byrne Raphael M. , Dewey Elizabeth , Martindale Robert G. , Gilbert Erin W. , Tsikitis Vassiliki L. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe misdiagnosis of appendiceal cancer as inflammatory appendicitis is becoming of greater clinical concern because of the rise of nonoperative management especially in the elder population. To quantify this rate of misdiagnosis, we retrospectively reviewed SEER‐Medicare data.MethodsThe SEER‐Medicare database was reviewed from 2000 to 2014. We identified patients older than 65 years old who were diagnosed with appendiceal cancer and then cross‐referenced them for a diagnosis of inflammatory appendicitis. Demographic data and oncologic stage were collected.ResultsOur results showed that 28.6% of appendiceal cancer patients received an incorrect initial diagnosis of inflammatory appendicitis. Patients older than 75 years of age were more likely to be misdiagnosed than those between ages 65 and 75 (risk ratio [RR]: 0.81; 95% confidence interval: 0.70‐0.93; P = .003). We found that 42% of patients within the misdiagnosis group presented with an earlier stage of disease (stage 1 or 2) compared to 26% of those primarily diagnosed with appendiceal cancer (P < .001).ConclusionA significant proportion of patients older than 65 years old with appendiceal cancer were initially misdiagnosed with acute appendicitis. We suggest caution when considering a nonoperative approach for appendicitis in the elderly and follow‐up imaging or an interval appendectomy should be part of the treatment plan.
Long‐term survival outcomes of cytoreductive surgery and perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy: Single‐institutional experience with 1225 cases
Authors: Kyang Lee Shyang , Alzahrani Nayef A. , Valle Sarah J. , Rahman Mohamed K. , Arrowaili Arif , Liauw Winston , Morris David L. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesTo review long‐term survival outcomes of patients with Peritoneal metastasis (PM) who underwent colorectal cancer (CRS) and intraperitoneal chemotherapy (PIC).MethodsPatients that underwent CRS, with or without PIC, from January 1996 to March 2018 at the Peritonectomy Unit of St. George Hospital, Sydney were retrospectively analyzed from a prospectively maintained database.ResultsThe study comprised of 1225 cases, including 687 females (56.1%) and 538 males (43.9%). Diagnoses included CRC (n = 363), followed by HAMN (n = 317), LAMN (n = 297), mesothelioma (n = 101), ovarian cancer (n = 55), and others including gastric, sarcoma, and neuroendocrine tumor (n = 92). The median OS, 5‐ and 10‐year survivals for CRC were 35 months, 33% and 8%, respectively. Patients with LAMN, in relative to HAMN, experienced a higher median OS, 5‐ and 10‐year survivals (248 months vs 63 months; 82% vs 52% and 59% vs 28%). The median OS for mesothelioma was 60 months with 5‐ and 10‐year survivals of 48% and 19%, respectively. In ovarian cancer, the median OS was 30 months with 5‐ and 10‐year survivals of 26% and 10%, respectively. For the remaining histological diagnoses, median OS and 5‐year survival were 28 months and 27%, respectively.ConclusionOur large‐cohort data showed that CRS/PIC can provide long‐term survival benefit to patients with PM of gastrointestinal and ovarian origin.
On‐line synergistic stacking in capillary zone electrophoresis featuring field‐amplified sample stacking and micelle to cyclodextrin stacking in the determination of two alkaloids in complicated matrix samples
Authors: Chu Chu , Liu Caijing , Jiang Luyi , Lian Linmin , Li Jing , Li Hanbing , Lv Huawei , Yan Jizhong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA novel on‐line synergistic proconcentration strategy coupling field‐amplified sample stacking and micelle to cyclodextrin stacking for cationic analytes in capillary zone electrophoresis has been proposed and applied for the separation and determination of two alkaloids, matrine, and oxymatrine in complicated matrix samples. The approach was performed by the long injection of sample in a low‐conductivity sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate solution followed by the injection of hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin solution in higher conductivity. The stacking mechanism of this method has been expounded and parameters affecting stacking effect have been optimized in our study. Under the optimum experimental conditions, 169‐ and 218‐fold sensitivity improvements were achieved for matrine and oxymatrine when compared with normal injection. Analytical indicators including linearity, limits of detection, and reproducibility (intra‐ and inter‐day relative standard deviations) were evaluated. Moreover, sample matrix effect was studied using compound flavescent sophora and salicylic acid powder and spiked urine samples. The developed method is an attempt for the combination of micelle to cyclodextrin stacking with other stacking methods. It could be a good alternative choice for the determination of alkaloids in a complex sample matrix.
Electrospun scaffolds limit the regenerative potential of the airway epithelium
Authors: Schwartz Cynthia M. , Stack Jacob , Hill Cynthia L. , Lallier Scott W. , Chiang Tendy , Johnson Jed , Reynolds Susan D. 
Published: July 2019

ObjectiveSignificant morbidity and mortality are associated with clinical use of synthetic tissue‐engineered tracheal grafts (TETG). Our previous work focused on an electrospun polyethylene terephthalate and polyurethane (PET/PU) TETG that was tested in sheep using a long‐segment tracheal defect model. We reported that graft stenosis and limited epithelialization contributed to graft failure. The present study determined if the epithelialization defect could be attributed to: 1) postsurgical depletion of native airway basal stem/progenitor cells; 2) an inability of the PET/PU‐TETG to support epithelial migration; or 3) compromised basal stem/progenitor cell proliferation within the PET/PU environment.Study DesignExperimental.MethodsBasal stem/progenitor cell frequency in sheep that underwent TETG implantation was determined using the clone‐forming cell frequency (CFCF) method. A novel migration model that mimics epithelial migration toward an acellular scaffold was developed and used to compare epithelial migration toward a control polyester scaffold and the PET/PU scaffold. Basal stem/progenitor cell proliferation within the PET/PU scaffold was evaluated using the CFCF assay, doubling‐time analysis, and mitotic cell quantification.ResultsWe report that TETG implantation did not decrease basal stem/progenitor cell frequency. In contrast, we find that epithelial migration toward the PET/PU scaffold was significantly less extensive than migration toward a polyester scaffold and that the PET/PU scaffold did not support basal stem/progenitor cell proliferation.ConclusionsWe conclude that epithelialization of a PET/PU scaffold is compromised by poor migration of native tissue‐derived epithelial cells and by a lack of basal stem/progenitor cell proliferation within the scaffold.Level of EvidenceNA
Nutrient dynamics in submarine groundwater discharge through a coral reef (western Lombok, Indonesia)
Authors: Oehler Till , Bakti Hendra , Lubis Rachmat Fajar , Purwoarminta Ananta , Delinom Robert , Moosdorf Nils 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSubmarine groundwater discharge (SGD) from tropical volcanic islands locally transports significant amounts of terrestrial nutrients into the coastal ocean, which can affect sensitive coastal ecosystems such as coral reefs. In northwestern Lombok, terrestrial submarine groundwater discharges through several submarine springs at the seafloor into a coral reef. In order to understand the transport mechanisms of nutrients from land into the reef, we investigated nutrient fluxes via SGD within the area using a combination of different methods, including recharge estimates in the coastal catchment area, echosounder profiling of the seafloor, discharge measurements, and hydrochemical analyses (stable isotopes of water, radon, and nutrients). Different types of springs can be distinguished based on their morphology. One spring showed a “crater”‐shaped structure while other springs consisted of fissures. Recharge rates in the coastal catchment amounted to 5 L s−1, while discharge rates from the largest spring were 5 L s−1 for total SGD and 2.5 L s−1 for fresh SGD, which is similar to discharge rates from smaller onshore springs at the slopes of a volcano. SGD was in general a source of nutrients such as dissolved silicon (~ 226 mol d−1), phosphate (0.61 mol d−1), or total dissolved nitrogen (13.4 mol d−1). Nitrate concentrations varied among the different springs, probably due to different sources in the hinterland, transformations (e.g., denitrification), or biological uptake during transport from land into the ocean. As nitrate can considerably affect coral reef health, our findings suggest that especially nitrate should be monitored around submarine springs in Indonesia.