bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seismic response control of asymmetric buildings using tuned mass dampers
Authors: Taha Ahmad Edris , Elias Said , Matsagar Vasant , Jain Arvind Kumar 
Published: September 2019

SummaryThe aim of the present study is to investigate the efficiency of the torsional tuned mass dampers (T‐TMDs) in response control of asymmetric buildings under bidirectional earthquake ground excitations. The efficiency of the T‐TMDs is compared with bidirectional tuned mass dampers (BTMDs). The T‐TMDs are oriented to the rotation of the structures about vertical axis with a single torsional mass attached to spring–dashpot elements, whereas the BTMD connects a single mass to two orthogonal sets of spring–dashpot elements oriented to principal axes of the building. The buildings are idealized three‐dimensional models with two translational and one torsional degrees of freedom for each floor. Three different configurations (cruciform‐shaped, L‐shaped, and T‐shaped) of multistory buildings are considered. The 5‐, 15‐, and 20‐story buildings with and without the tuned mass damper schemes are subjected to bidirectional earthquake ground excitation. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the T‐TMDs and BTMD, the rotation, displacement, acceleration, and base shear force responses are computed. Parametric studies are conducted for all the configurations installed with the T‐TMDs and BTMD by varying their mass ratio, damping ratio, and ground motions. It is concluded that the T‐TMDs are more effective in mitigating the torsional response of asymmetric buildings as compared with the BTMD.
Clocks and rods in Jackiw-Teitelboim quantum gravity
Authors: Blommaert Andreas , Mertens Thomas G. , Verschelde Henri 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe specify bulk coordinates in Jackiw-Teitelboim (JT) gravity using a boundary-intrinsic radar definition. This allows us to study and calculate exactly diff-invariant bulk correlation functions of matter-coupled JT gravity, which are found to satisfy microcausality. We observe that quantum gravity effects dominate near-horizon matter correlation functions. This shows that quantum matter in classical curved spacetime is not a sensible model for near-horizon matter-coupled JT gravity. This is how JT gravity, given our choice of bulk frame, evades an information paradox. This echoes into the quantum expectation value of the near-horizon metric, whose analysis is extended from the disk model to the recently proposed topological completion of JT gravity [1]. Due to quantum effects, at distances of order the Planck length to the horizon, a dramatic breakdown of Rindler geometry is observed.
Prescribed Schouten Tensor in Locally Conformally Flat Manifolds
Authors: Carvalho Marcos Tulio , Pieterzack Mauricio , Pina Romildo 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We consider the pseudo-Euclidean space $$({\mathbb {R}}^n,g)$$(Rn,g), with $$n \ge 3$$n≥3 and $$g_{ij} = \delta _{ij} \varepsilon _{i}$$gij=δijεi, where $$\varepsilon _{i} = \pm 1$$εi=±1, with at least one positive $$\varepsilon _{i}$$εi and non-diagonal symmetric tensors $$T = \sum \nolimits _{i,j}f_{ij}(x) dx_i \otimes dx_{j} $$T=∑i,jfij(x)dxi⊗dxj. Assuming that the solutions are invariant by the action of a translation $$(n-1)$$(n-1)- dimensional group, we find the necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a metric $$\bar{g}$$g¯ conformal to g, such that the Schouten tensor $$\bar{g}$$g¯, is equal to T. From the obtained results, we show that for certain functions h, defined in $$\mathbb {R}^{n}$$Rn, there exist complete metrics $$\bar{g}$$g¯, conformal to the Euclidean metric g, whose curvature $$\sigma _{2}(\bar{g}) = h$$σ2(g¯)=h.
Integrating physiologically based kinetic (PBK) and Monte Carlo modelling to predict inter-individual and inter-ethnic variation in bioactivation and liver toxicity of lasiocarpine
Authors: Ning Jia , Rietjens Ivonne M. C. M. , Strikwold Marije 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The aim of the present study was to predict the effect of inter-individual and inter-ethnic human kinetic variation on the sensitivity towards acute liver toxicity of lasiocarpine in the Chinese and the Caucasian population, and to derive chemical specific adjustment factors (CSAFs) by integrating variation in the in vitro kinetic constants Vmax and Km, physiologically based kinetic (PBK) modelling and Monte Carlo simulation. CSAFs were derived covering the 90th and 99th percentile of the population distribution of pyrrole glutathione adduct (7-GS-DHP) formation, reflecting bioactivation. The results revealed that in the Chinese population, as compared to the Caucasian population, the predicted 7-GS-DHP formation at the geometric mean, the 90th and the 99th percentile were 2.1-, 3.3- and 4.3-fold lower respectively. The CSAFs obtained using the 99th percentile values were 8.3, 17.0 and 19.5 in the Chinese, the Caucasian population and the two populations combined, respectively, while the CSAFs were generally 3.0-fold lower at the 90th percentile. These results indicate that when considering the formation of 7-GS-DHP the Caucasian population may be more sensitive towards acute liver toxicity of lasiocarpine, and further point out that the default safety factor of 3.16 for inter-individual human kinetic differences may not be sufficiently protective. Altogether, the results obtained demonstrate that integrating PBK modelling with Monte Carlo simulations using human in vitro data is a powerful strategy to quantify inter-individual variations in kinetics, and can be used to refine the human risk assessment of pyrrolizidine alkaloids.
On the Number of Containments in P-free Families
Authors: Gerbner Dániel , Methuku Abhishek , Nagy Dániel T. , Patkós Balázs , Vizer Máté 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
A subfamily $$\{F_1,F_2,\dots ,F_{|P|}\}\subseteq {{\mathcal {F}}}$${F1,F2,⋯,F|P|}⊆F is a copy of the poset P if there exists a bijection $$i:P\rightarrow \{F_1,F_2,\dots ,F_{|P|}\}$$i:P→{F1,F2,⋯,F|P|}, such that $$p\le _P q$$p≤Pq implies $$i(p)\subseteq i(q)$$i(p)⊆i(q). A family $${{\mathcal {F}}}$$F is P-free, if it does not contain a copy of P. In this paper we establish basic results on the maximum number of k-chains in a P-free family $${{\mathcal {F}}}\subseteq 2^{[n]}$$F⊆2[n]. We prove that if the height of P, $$h(P) > k$$h(P)>k, then this number is of the order $$\Theta (\prod _{i=1}^{k+1}\left( {\begin{array}{c}l_{i-1}\\ l_i\end{array}}\right) )$$Θ(∏i=1k+1li-1li), where $$l_0=n$$l0=n and $$l_1\ge l_2\ge \dots \ge l_{k+1}$$l1≥l2≥⋯≥lk+1 are such that $$n-l_1,l_1-l_2,\dots , l_k-l_{k+1},l_{k+1}$$n-l1,l1-l2,⋯,lk-lk+1,lk+1 differ by at most one. On the other hand if $$h(P)\le k$$h(P)≤k, then we show that this number is of smaller order of magnitude. Let $$\vee _r$$∨r denote the poset on $$r+1$$r+1 elements $$a, b_1, b_2, \ldots , b_r$$a,b1,b2,…,br, where $$a < b_i$$a<bi for all $$1 \le i \le r$$1≤i≤r and let $$\wedge _r$$∧r denote its dual. For any values of k and l, we construct a $$\{\wedge _k,\vee _l\}$${∧k,∨l}-free family and we conjecture that it contains asymptotically the maximum number of pairs in containment. We prove that this conjecture holds under the additional assumption that a chain of length 4 is forbidden. Moreover, we prove the conjecture for some small values of k and l. We also derive the asymptotics of the maximum number of copies of certain tree posets T of height 2 in $$\{\wedge _k,\vee _l\}$${∧k,∨l}-free families $${{\mathcal {F}}}\subseteq 2^{[n]}$$F⊆2[n].
Distress, problems, referral wish, and supportive health care use in breast cancer survivors beyond the first year after chemotherapy completion
Authors: Admiraal J. M. , Hoekstra-Weebers J. E. H. M. , Schröder C. P. , Tuinier W. , Hospers G. A. P. , Reyners Anna K. L. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Purpose
We examined distress levels, problems, referral wish, and supportive health care use in a cross-sectional group of breast cancer survivors at two-time points with a 1-year time interval. Also, factors related to continuing elevated distress were explored.

Methods
Breast cancer survivors, 1–5 years after chemotherapy completion, filled in the Dutch Distress Thermometer/Problem List (DT/PL) and questions on background characteristics at study inclusion (T1). DT/PL responses and health care use were discussed during semi-structured interviews. One year later, re-assessment took place (T2). The data were analyzed by descriptive and univariate analyses. Continuing elevated distress was defined as a DT score ≥ 5 at T1 and T2.

Results
Seventy-three survivors completed all questionnaires (response = 84.6%). Eighteen (25%) experienced continuing elevated distress. Fatigue (T1 N = 48 (66%); T2 N = 41 (56%)) and lack of physical fitness (T1 N = 44 (60%); T2 N = 36 (49%)) were most often reported. Time since diagnosis, health care use, and practical, social, emotional and physical problems were significantly associated with continuing elevated distress. Between diagnosis and T1, N = 49(67%) used supportive healthcare services, mostly a psychologist and/or a physical/lymphedema therapist, and between T1 and T2, 39 (53%) did. At T1, 8 (11%) expressed a referral wish and at T2, 11 (16%) did.

Conclusions
Screening and management of distress, problems, and referral wish are important, even years after chemotherapy completion as a substantial proportion of breast cancer survivors continue to report elevated distress and problems. Special attention should be paid to survivors reporting physical problems, especially fatigue and lack of physical fitness, since these problems are most strongly related to continuing elevated distress.
Metabolic adaptability shifts of cell membrane fatty acids of Komagataeibacter hansenii HDM1-3 improve acid stress resistance and survival in acidic environments
Authors: Li Yuanjing , Yan Pengfei , Lei Qingyun , Li Bingyu , Sun Yue , Li Shuangfei , Lei Hong , Xie Ning 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Komagataeibacter hansenii HDM1-3 (K. hansenii HDM1-3) has been widely applied for producing bacterial cellulose (BC). The yield of BC has been frequently limited by the acidification during sugar metabolism, due to the generation of organic acids such as acetic acid. In this study, the acid resistance mechanism of K. hansenii HDM1-3 has been investigated from the aspect of metabolic adaptability of cell membrane fatty acids. Firstly, we observed that the survival rate of K. hansenii HDM1-3 was decreased with lowered pH values (adjusted with acetic acids), accompanied by increased leakage rate. Secondly, the cell membrane adaptability in response to acid stress was evaluated, including the variations of cell membrane fluidity and fatty acid composition. The proportion of unsaturated fatty acids was increased (especially, C18-1w9c and C19-Cyc), unsaturation degree and chain length of fatty acids were also increased. Thirdly, the potential molecular regulation mechanism was further elucidated. Under acid stress, the fatty acid synthesis pathway was involved in the structure and composition variations of fatty acids, which was proved by the activation of both fatty acid dehydrogenase (des) and cyclopropane fatty acid synthase (cfa) genes, as well as the addition of exogenous fatty acids. The fatty acid synthesis of K. hansenii HDM1-3 may be mediated by the activation of two-component sensor signaling pathways in response to the acid stress. The acid resistance mechanism of K. hansenii HDM1-3 adds to our knowledge of the acid stress adaptation, which may facilitate the development of new strategies for improving the industrial performance of this species under acid stress.
Computable upper error bounds for Krylov approximations to matrix exponentials and associated $${\varvec{\varphi }}$$-functions
Authors: Jawecki Tobias , Auzinger Winfried , Koch Othmar 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
An a posteriori estimate for the error of a standard Krylov approximation to the matrix exponential is derived. The estimate is based on the defect (residual) of the Krylov approximation and is proven to constitute a rigorous upper bound on the error, in contrast to existing asymptotical approximations. It can be computed economically in the underlying Krylov space. In view of time-stepping applications, assuming that the given matrix is scaled by a time step, it is shown that the bound is asymptotically correct (with an order related to the dimension of the Krylov space) for the time step tending to zero. This means that the deviation of the error estimate from the true error tends to zero faster than the error itself. Furthermore, this result is extended to Krylov approximations of $$\varphi $$φ-functions and to improved versions of such approximations. The accuracy of the derived bounds is demonstrated by examples and compared with different variants known from the literature, which are also investigated more closely. Alternative error bounds are tested on examples, in particular a version based on the concept of effective order. For the case where the matrix exponential is used in time integration algorithms, a step size selection strategy is proposed and illustrated by experiments.
Prevalence and relevance of abnormal glucose metabolism in acute coronary syndromes: insights from the PLATelet inhibition and patient Outcomes (PLATO) trial
Authors:   the PLATO Investigators, Åkerblom Axel , Wojdyla Daniel , Steg Philippe Gabriel , Wallentin Lars , James Stefan K. , Budaj Andrzej , Katus Hugo A. , Himmelmann Anders , Huber Kurt , Siegbahn Agneta , Storey Robert F. , Becker Richard C. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and abnormal glucose metabolism are associated with cardiovascular (CV) disease. We investigated the prevalence and prognostic importance of dysglycaemia in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in the PLATelet inhibition and patient Outcomes (PLATO) trial. Diabetes was defined as known diabetes or HbA1c ≥ 6.5% or non-fasting glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol/L on admission, prediabetes as HbA1c ≥ 5.7% but < 6.5%, and no diabetes as HbA1c < 5.7%. The primary endpoint was the composite of CV death, spontaneous myocardial infarction type 1 (sMI) or stroke at 12 months. Multivariable Cox regression models, adjusting for baseline characteristics, and biomarkers NT-proBNP and troponin I, were used to explore the association between glycaemia and outcome. On admission, 16,007 (86.1%) patients had HbA1c and/or glucose levels available and were subdivided into DM 38.5% (6160) (1501 patients had no previous DM diagnosis), prediabetes 38.8% (6210), and no DM 22.7% (3637). Kaplan Meier event rates at 12 months for CV death, sMI or stroke per subgroups were 14.5% (832), 9.0% (522), and 8.5% (293), respectively with multivariable adjusted HRs, versus no diabetes, for diabetes: 1.71 (1.50–1.95) and for prediabetes 1.03 (0.90–1.19). Corresponding event rates for CV death were 6.9% (391), 3.4% (195) and 3.0% (102), respectively, with adjusted HRs for patients with DM of: 1.92 (1.42–2.60) and for prediabetes 1.02 (0.79–1.32). Abnormal glucose metabolism is common in ACS patients, but only patients with definite DM have an increased CV risk, indicating that prediabetes is not immediately associated with worse CV outcomes.
CIGuide: in situ augmented reality laser guidance
Authors: Bárdosi Zoltán , Plattner Christian , Özbek Yusuf , Hofmann Thomas , Milosavljevic Srdjan , Schartinger Volker , Freysinger Wolfgang 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Purpose
A robotic intraoperative laser guidance system with hybrid optic-magnetic tracking for skull base surgery is presented. It provides in situ augmented reality guidance for microscopic interventions at the lateral skull base with minimal mental and workload overhead on surgeons working without a monitor and dedicated pointing tools.

Methods
Three components were developed: a registration tool (Rhinospider), a hybrid magneto-optic-tracked robotic feedback control scheme and a modified robotic end-effector. Rhinospider optimizes registration of patient and preoperative CT data by excluding user errors in fiducial localization with magnetic tracking. The hybrid controller uses an integrated microscope HD camera for robotic control with a guidance beam shining on a dual plate setup avoiding magnetic field distortions. A robotic needle insertion platform (iSYS Medizintechnik GmbH, Austria) was modified to position a laser beam with high precision in a surgical scene compatible to microscopic surgery.

Results
System accuracy was evaluated quantitatively at various target positions on a phantom. The accuracy found is 1.2 mm ± 0.5 mm. Errors are primarily due to magnetic tracking. This application accuracy seems suitable for most surgical procedures in the lateral skull base. The system was evaluated quantitatively during a mastoidectomy of an anatomic head specimen and was judged useful by the surgeon.

Conclusion
A hybrid robotic laser guidance system with direct visual feedback is proposed for navigated drilling and intraoperative structure localization. The system provides visual cues directly on/in the patient anatomy, reducing the standard limitations of AR visualizations like depth perception. The custom- built end-effector for the iSYS robot is transparent to using surgical microscopes and compatible with magnetic tracking. The cadaver experiment showed that guidance was accurate and that the end-effector is unobtrusive. This laser guidance has potential to aid the surgeon in finding the optimal mastoidectomy trajectory in more difficult interventions.
Supportive care needs of patients following treatment for colorectal cancer: risk factors for unmet needs and the association between unmet needs and health-related quality of life—results from the ColoREctal Wellbeing (CREW) study
Authors:   Members of Study Advisory Committee, Sodergren S. C. , Wheelwright S. J. , Permyakova N. V. , Patel M. , Calman L. , Smith P. W. F. , Din A. , Richardson A. , Fenlon D. , Winter J. , Corner J. , Foster C. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Purpose
To investigate unmet needs of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) at the end of treatment and whether unmet needs improve over time. Identify predictors of need following treatment and whether unmet need is associated with worse health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

Methods
As part of the UK ColoREctal Wellbeing (CREW) cohort study, patients treated for CRC completed the Supportive Care Needs Survey Short Form-34 (SCNS SF-34) 15 and 24 months following surgery, along with questionnaires measuring HRQoL, wellbeing, life events, social support, and confidence to manage their cancer before surgery, 3, 9, 15, and 24 months post-surgery.

Results
The SCNS SF-34 was completed by 526 patients at 15 months and 510 patients at 24 months. About one-quarter of patients had at least one moderate or severe unmet need at both time points. Psychological and physical unmet needs were the most common and did not improve over time. Over 60% of patients who reported 5 or more moderate or severe unmet needs at 15 months experienced the same level of unmet need at 24 months. HRQoL at the beginning of treatment predicted unmet needs at the end of treatment. Unmet needs, specifically physical, psychological, and health system and information needs, were associated with poorer health and HRQoL at the end of treatment.

Conclusions
Unmet needs persist over time and are associated with HRQoL. Evaluation of HRQoL at the start of treatment would help inform the identification of vulnerable patients. Assessment and care planning in response to unmet needs should be integrated into person-centred care.

Implications for Cancer Survivors
Early identification of CRC patients at risk of unmet needs will help infrom personalised survivorship care plans. The implementation of personalised and tailored services are likely to confer HRQoL gains.
Assessment of Livelihood Vulnerability to Drought: A Case Study in Dak Nong Province, Vietnam
Authors: Thao Nguyen Thi Thanh , Khoi Dao Nguyen , Xuan Tran Thanh , Tychon Bernard 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn recent years, droughts have strongly affected the Central Highlands of Vietnam and have resulted in crop damage, yield decline, and serious water shortage. This study investigated the livelihood vulnerability of five communities of farmers who are exposed to droughts in one of the more vulnerable regions of Vietnam—Dak Nong Province. A survey of 250 households was conducted in the five communities to collect data on the region’s sociodemographic profile, livelihood systems, social networks, health status, food and water security, drought conditions, and climate variability. Data were aggregated using a livelihood vulnerability index and the IPCC vulnerability index. The survey results indicate that Quang Phu community is the most vulnerable of the study’s communities, followed by Nam N’dir, Dak Nang, Duc Xuyen, and Dak D’ro in descending order of vulnerability. Water availability and livelihood strategies are the most important variables in determining the vulnerability of the five surveyed communities. In order to reduce vulnerability to droughts, water management practices and livelihood diversification in farming and nonfarming activities are recommended for the study area.
The Acute Neuromuscular Responses to Cluster Set Resistance Training: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Latella Christopher , Teo Wei-Peng , Drinkwater Eric J. , Kendall Kristina , Haff G. Gregory 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Cluster sets (CSs) are a popular resistance training (RT) strategy categorised by short rest periods implemented between single or groups of repetitions. However, evidence supporting the effectiveness of CSs on acute intra-session neuromuscular performance is still equivocal.

Objective
The objective of this investigation was to determine the efficacy of a single session of CSs to attenuate losses in force, velocity and power compared to traditional set (TS) training.

Methods
Screening consisted of a systematic search of EMBASE, Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus and SPORTDiscus. Inclusion criteria were (1) measured one or more of mean/peak force, velocity or power; (2) implemented CSs in comparison to TSs; (3) an acute design, or part thereof; and (4) published in an English-language, peer-reviewed journal. Raw data (mean ± standard deviation) were extracted from included studies and converted into standardised mean differences (SMDs) and ± 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results
Twenty-five studies were used to calculate SMD ± 95% CI. Peak (SMD = 0.815, 95% CI 0.105–1.524, p = 0.024) and mean (SMD = 0.863, 95% CI 0.319–1.406, p = 0.002) velocity, peak (SMD = 0.356, 95% CI 0.057–0.655, p = 0.019) and mean (SMD = 0.692, 95% CI 0.395–0.990, p < 0.001) power, and peak force (SMD = 0.306, 95% CI − 0.028 to 0.584, p = 0.031) favoured CS. Subgroup analyses demonstrated an overall effect for CS across loads (SMD = 0.702, 95% CI 0.548–0.856, p < 0.001), included exercises (SMD = 0.664, 95% CI 0.413–0.916, p < 0.001), experience levels (SMD = 0.790, 95% CI 0.500–1.080, p < 0.001) and CS structures (SMD = 0.731, 95% CI 0.567–0.894, p < 0.001) with no difference within subgroups.

Conclusion
CSs are a useful strategy to attenuate the loss in velocity, power and peak force during RT and should be used to maintain neuromuscular performance, especially when kinetic outcomes are emphasised. However, it remains unclear if the benefits translate to improved performance across all RT exercises, between sexes and across the lifespan.