bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of a loss of model structural detail due to network skeletonization on contamination warning system design: case studies
Authors: Davis Michael J. , Janke Robert 
Published: May 2018

Abstract. The effect of limitations in the structural
detail available in a network model on contamination warning system (CWS)
design was examined in case studies using the original and skeletonized
network models for two water distribution systems (WDSs). The skeletonized
models were used as proxies for incomplete network models. CWS designs were
developed by optimizing sensor placements for worst-case and mean-case
contamination events. Designs developed using the skeletonized network models
were transplanted into the original network model for evaluation. CWS
performance was defined as the number of people who ingest more than some
quantity of a contaminant in tap water before the CWS detects the presence of
contamination. Lack of structural detail in a network model can result in CWS
designs that (1) provide considerably less protection against worst-case
contamination events than that obtained when a more complete network model is
available and (2) yield substantial underestimates of the consequences
associated with a contamination event. Nevertheless, CWSs developed using
skeletonized network models can provide useful reductions in consequences for
contaminants whose effects are not localized near the injection location.
Mean-case designs can yield worst-case performances similar to those for
worst-case designs when there is uncertainty in the network model.
Improvements in network models for WDSs have the potential to yield
significant improvements in CWS designs as well as more realistic evaluations
of those designs. Although such improvements would be expected to yield
improved CWS performance, the expected improvements in CWS performance have
not been quantified previously. The results presented here should be useful
to those responsible for the design or implementation of CWSs, particularly
managers and engineers in water utilities, and encourage the development of
improved network models.
Investigating the Influence of Financial Development Indicators on Economic Growth: Evidence from South Asia
Authors: Tahir Muhammad , Hayat Khizar , Ahmad Nisar 
Published: April 2018

The study empirically investigates the influence of Financial Development on Economic Growth in South Asia by using six indicators of Financial Development i-e: Gross Fixed Capital Formation (GFCP), Broad Money (M2), Domestic Credit to Private Sector (DCPS), Market Capitalization (MC), Trade Openness (TO) and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). While Economic Growth is measured by Real Gross Domestic Product per Capita (GDP). For this purpose, the study used panel data from “World Development Indicators” for the period of 1980-2015 of six major South Asian countries i.e. Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Sri Lanka and Nepal. These countries have common feature of being under-developed. The study shows its uniqueness by considering six under-developed South Asian countries and applying three result estimation techniques i-e: Pooled Group Mean (PMG), The Mean Group (MG) and The Dynamic Fixed Effect (DFE). Different results were produced through these three techniques. Final conclusion was drawn on the basis of Hausman test; that is PMG model estimation technique. Unit root test was also applied to check stationarity. The long run results of PMG model show significance of all independent variables, while short run results state insignificance of all independent variables except FDI. The results are consistent with the literature. Along with other recommendations, the study, especially, focuses that the trade barriers should be removed among South Asian countries as trade openness has positive influence on economic growth. It will result in expanding the magnitude of growth.
Contradictory Representations: Warrior Women in the Seventeenth-century Painting
Authors: Kolrud Kristine 
Published: May 2018

This article considers seventeenth-century portraits of female warriors in the light of women’s participation in a war. Their contribution was far from insignificant, and the article argues that the number of portraits emphasizing women’s military effort may appear surprisingly limited. Contemporary views on women and warfare probably explain the lack of such portraits, but women’s participation was not universally condemned. By comparing historical accounts, contemporary literature as well as the visual arts, the article shows how attitudes were highly ambivalent; women could be praised as defenders of their homes but rarely as aggressors. Rather predictably, then, the warrior portraits tend to emphasize both so-called masculine and feminine qualities, often drawing on Minerva as a model. It is argued here that women’s bellicosity was sometimes modified by references to hunting, and that this may have been a reflection of changing attitudes to was as well as to female combatants in the seventeenth century.
The frescoes of Pope John VII (705-707 A.D.) in S. Maria antica
Authors: Nordhagen Per Jonas 
Published: May 2018

This contribution is a supplement to the author's publication of the frescoes of John VII (A.D. 705-707) in the church of S. Maria Antiqua in Tome (1968). For reasons of economy, the inscriptions were included in the book only as tracings. The photographs of the material are here finally published, showing the inscriptions as they appeared sixty years ago, at a time when they were relatively untouched by air pollution
Between Utopia and Hallucination: The Holistic Space in Speculative Drawing Practices
Authors: Chelushkin Kirill 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe surface of an architectural drawing can be a cauldron of creativity, a place where even gravity and friction might not exist. Russian‐born and based in Paris, architecturally trained artist Kirill Chelushkin creates astounding, often large‐scale works that explore the ontology of drawing. Here he describes the inspirations for his machine‐related architectural representations, including Russian Constructivism and historical, battered and burnt blueprint drawings of the rapidly disappearing machines of the Soviet industrial complex.
The Machinic Garden of Forking Paths: Time, Tempo and Tango
Authors: Martin Bea 
Published: November 2024

AbstractArgentinian architect Adolfo Luis Moure Strangis has a passion for designing machine‐like, labyrinthine spatial constructions. His work can be seen as architecturally analogous to Argentinian author Jorge Luis Borges's famed literary experiments. Architect and academic Bea Martin uses some of Borges's iconic texts to interrogate Moure Strangis's architectural and narrative intentions – bringing layers of meaning, time and multiple pathways to the featured works. Throughout it all, the spectre of the machine is always present.
Machine Aesthetics: Material Indices of Post‐Digital Architecture
Authors: White Caleb 
Published: November 2024

AbstractVirtual technologies, such as AI and parametric protocols, can mash‐up infinite architectural forms in infinite configurations. Perhaps it is beneficial for students to concentrate on the real world for a while. Architectural educator Caleb White teaches at the Weitzman School of Design at the University of Pennsylvania and the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute School of Architecture, where he guides students to examine machines, their vectors, geometries and components, as a means to re‐engage the physicality of reality. Here, he explains his architectural agenda and shows some of the fruits of his students’ labours.
The First Allegory and the Last Word
Authors: Jones Wes 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRight from the beginning of the history of architecture, humanity's search for enclosure has always, in some respect, been in thrall to various guises of technology and the machine. Los Angeles architect Wes Jones has always been fascinated with technological forms, articulations and the philosophy of the machine. In a wide‐ranging article, he describes some of the key ideas that have influenced him and his work over the years, illustrated with some of the work from his two practices.
Enhanced Optical Properties of Green‐Emitting InP Quantum Dots with Matched Junctions of the Core and Mn‐Doped Novel Shells
Authors: Okamoto Akihito , Toda Shintaro , Tsujihata Takumi , Kamada Takaki , Huang Maowei , Hashimoto Yusuke , Isojima Seiichi , Kajii Hirotake , Seino Satoshi , Kurashiki Tetsusei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIndium phosphide (InP) quantum dots (QDs) offer a promising alternative to (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) restricted cadmium‐based QDs, however, their performance is limited by surface defects and weak quantum confinement. This study introduces a novel approach to enhance the optical properties of InP QDs through manganese (Mn) doping into the zinc selenide and zinc sulfide shell. This aims to expand the bandgap of the shells and adjust its lattice constant to better match the InP core. A comprehensive investigation of the effect of Mn‐doping concentration reveals that optimal properties are developed at a 10% feed ratio, resulting in improved crystallinity, reduced interfacial defects, and enhanced quantum confinement. X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy confirm the structural improvements and spectroscopic analyses demonstrate remarkable enhancement of optical properties. Notably, the photoluminescence quantum yield reaches 83% in the green emission region (λ ≈535 nm), a significant improvement over undoped QDs. Time‐resolved photoluminescence measurements indicate extended carrier lifetimes, supporting the effect of defect reduction. This strategy not only addresses the long‐standing challenges of InP QDs but also opens new avenues for designing high‐performance, environmentally friendly nanomaterials for various optoelectronic applications, including displays, lighting, and photovoltaics.
Carboxylate‐Directed Oxidative Annulation via C(Alkenyl)−H Activation/Double Alkyne Insertion/1,4‐Pd Migration: Synthesis of Functionalized Naphthalenes
Authors: Fu Cheng‐Hao , Ajitha Manjaly J. , Kadiyala Veerabhushanam , Wang Yu‐Chun , Hsu Tzu‐Yu , Sung I‐Hsuan , Huang Kuo‐Wei , Chou Chih‐Ming 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA palladium‐catalyzed double consecutive C(alkenyl)−H activation/alkyne insertion method utilizing a free carboxylic acid as a directing group in the preparation of functionalized naphthalenes is reported. The reaction mechanism involves a sequence of the C (alkenyl)−H activation/alkyne insertion/1,4‐palladium migration/reductive elimination steps. The second alkyne insertion occurred at the phenyl ring of the intermediate generated from the first alkyne insertion via 1,4‐palladium migration, which is an uncommon case in typical C−H activation/alkyne insertion chemistry, providing functionalized naphthalene products. Additionally, the kinetic studies and control experiments as well as density functional theory (DFT) studies are also investigated to elucidate the reaction mechanism.
Massively Parallel Screening of Toll/Interleukin‐1 Receptor (TIR)‐Derived Peptides Reveals Multiple Toll‐Like Receptors (TLRs)‐Targeting Immunomodulatory Peptides
Authors: Lim Yun , Kang Tae Kyeom , Kim Meong Il , Kim Dohyeon , Kim Ji Yul , Jung Sang Hoon , Park Keunwan , Lee Wook‐Bin , Seo Moon‐Hyeong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractToll‐like receptors (TLRs) are critical regulators of the immune system, and altered TLR responses lead to a variety of inflammatory diseases. Interference of intracellular TLR signaling, which is mediated by multiple Toll/interleukin‐1 receptor (TIR) domains on all TLRs and TLR adapters, is an effective therapeutic strategy against immune dysregulation. Peptides that inhibit TIR‐TIR interactions by fragmenting interface residues have potential as therapeutic decoys. However, a systematic method for discovering TIR‐targeting moieties has been elusive, limiting exploration of the vast, unsequenced space of the TIR domain family. A comprehensive parallel screening method is developed to uncover novel TIR‐binding peptides derived from previously unexplored surfaces on a wide range of TIR domains. A large peptide library is constructed, named TIR surfacesome, by tiling surface sequences of the large TIR domain family and screening against MALTIR and MyD88TIR, TIRs of two major TLR adaptor proteins, resulting in the discovery of hundreds of TIR‐binding peptides. The selected peptides inhibited TLR signaling and demonstrated anti‐inflammatory effects in macrophages, and therapeutic potential in mouse inflammatory models. This approach may facilitate the development of TLR‐targeted therapeutics.
Historic breeding practices contribute to germplasm divergence in leaf specialized metabolism and ecophysiology in cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus)
Authors: Dowell Jordan A. , Bowsher Alan W. , Jamshad Amna , Shah Rahul , Burke John M. , Donovan Lisa A. , Mason Chase M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPremiseThe use of hybrid breeding systems to increase crop yields has been the cornerstone of modern agriculture and is exemplified in the breeding and improvement of cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus). However, it is poorly understood what effect supporting separate breeding pools in such systems, combined with continued selection for yield, may have on leaf ecophysiology and specialized metabolite variation.MethodsWe analyzed 288 lines of cultivated H. annuus to examine the genomic basis of several specialized metabolites and agronomically important traits across major heterotic groups.ResultsHeterotic group identity supports phenotypic divergences between fertility restoring and cytoplasmic male‐sterility maintainer lines in leaf ecophysiology and specialized metabolism. However, the divergence is not associated with physical linkage to nuclear genes that support current hybrid breeding practices in cultivated H. annuus. Additionally, we identified four genomic regions associated with leaf ecophysiology and specialized metabolism that colocalize with previously identified QTLs for quantitative self‐compatibility traits and with S‐protein homolog (SPH) proteins, a recently discovered family of proteins associated with self‐incompatibility and self/nonself recognition in Papaver rhoeas (common poppy) with suggested conserved downstream mechanisms among eudicots.ConclusionsFurther work is necessary to confirm the self‐incompatibility mechanisms in cultivated H. annuus and their relationship to the integrative and polygenic architecture of leaf ecophysiology and specialized metabolism in cultivated sunflower. However, because self‐compatibility is a derived quantitative trait in cultivated H. annuus, trait linkage to divergent phenotypic traits may have partially arisen as a potential unintended consequence of historical breeding practices and selection for yield.
New Insights Into the Spectrum of RASopathies: Clinical and Genetic Data in a Cohort of 121 Spanish Patients
Authors: Barbero Ana Isabel Sánchez , Valenzuela Irene , Fernández‐Alvarez Paula , Vazquez Élida , Cueto‐Gonzalez Anna Maria , Lasa‐Aranzasti Amaia , Trujillano Laura , Masotto Bárbara , Arumí Elena García , Tizzano Eduardo F. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTNoonan syndrome and related disorders are a group of well‐known genetic conditions caused by dysregulation of the Ras/mitogen‐activated protein kinase (RAS/MAPK) pathway. Because of the overlap of clinical and molecular features, they are now called RASopathies. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 121 patients with a molecularly confirmed diagnosis of RASopathy, describing frequencies for clinical features in all organ systems as well as molecular data. The most common clinical diagnosis was Noonan Syndrome and the most frequently affected gene was PTPN11 followed by SOS1, RAF1, LZTR1, and RIT1. All patients had distinctive craniofacial features indicative of the RASopathy spectrum but we report some atypical features regarding craniofacial shape, such as craniosynostosis and microcephaly. We also describe uncommon clinical characteristics such as aortic dilation, multivalvular heart disease, abnormalities of the posterior fossa, and uterine congenital anomalies in female patients. Furthermore, the presence of multiple giant cell granulomas was observed specifically in patients with SOS1 variants. This comprehensive evaluation allows broadening the phenotypic spectrum of our population and their correlation with the genotype, which are essential to improve the recognition and the follow up of RASopathies as a multisystemic disease.
Crystal Modulation of Mn‐Based Layered Oxide toward Long‐Enduring Anionic Redox with Fast Kinetics for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Gaoyuan , Yin XingXing , Ning De , Chai Yan , Du Ruijie , Hao Dingbang , Wang Chunling , Liu Xueling , Gao Rui , Wang Jun , Yao Xiangdong , Li Yongli , Zhou Dong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMn‐based layered oxide cathodes for sodium‐ion batteries with anionic redox reactions hold great potential for energy storage applications due to their ultra‐high capacity and cost effectiveness. However, achieving high capacity requires overcoming challenges such as oxygen‐redox failure, sluggish kinetics, and structural degradation. Herein, we employ an innovative crystal modulation strategy, using Mn‐based Na0.72Li0.24Mn0.76O2 as a representative cathode material, which shows that the highly exposed {010} active facets enable an enhanced rate capability (119.6 mAh g−1 at 10 C) with fast kinetics. Meanwhile, the reinforced Mn−O bond inhibits excessive oxidation of lattice oxygen and O−O cohesion loss, stabilizing and maintaining a long‐enduring reversible oxygen‐redox activity (100 % high capacity retention after 100 cycles at 0.5 C and 84.28 % retention after 300 cycles at 5 C). Time‐resolved operando two‐dimensional X‐ray diffraction reveals the robust structural stability, zero‐strain behavior, and suppressed phase transition with ultra‐low volume variation during cycling at different rates (0.1 C: 1.75 %, 1 C: 0.31 %, 5 C: 0.04 %). Additionally, the full cell coupled with hard carbon achieves a high energy density of approximately 211 Wh kg−1 with superior performance. This work highlights the significance of crystal modulation and presents a universal approach in developing Mn‐based oxide cathodes with stable anionic redox for high‐performance sodium‐ion batteries.
Photoregulated Supramolecular Polymerization through Halogen Bonding
Authors: Manjarres Alejandro Martínez , Albers Antonia , Fernández Gustavo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSupramolecular polymers are able to change their structure, morphology and function in response to external stimuli. However, controlling the independence of stimuli‐responses in these systems is challenging. Herein, we exploit halogen bonding (XB) as a reversible network element to regulate the photoresponsive and adaptive behavior of supramolecular polymers. To this end, we have designed a two‐component system comprising an amphiphilic XB acceptor with the ability to self‐assemble in aqueous media (OPE‐Py) and a molecule with a dual photoresponsive and XB donor function [(E)‐Azo‐I]. OPE‐Py self‐assembles in aqueous media into supramolecular polymers, which transform into nanoparticle assemblies upon co‐assembly with (E)‐Azo‐I. Interestingly, a third type of assembly (2D sheets) is obtained if OPE‐Py is treated with (E)‐Azo‐I and exposed to photoirradiation. At ambient conditions, both nanoparticles and 2D sheets remain invariant over time. However, heating dissociates the XB interactions present in both assemblies, resulting in their transformation to the original fiber‐like morphology of OPE‐Py. Thus, breaking the communication between self‐assembly and the stimuli‐responses upon heating restores the original state of the system, drawing parallels to feedback loops in programming language. This work broadens the still limited scope of XB in solution assemblies and paves the way for multifunctional adaptive supramolecular systems.
Glu@Zn‐Ni MOF Constructed Through Ligand Exchange for Bi‐Enzyme Immobilization With Improved Performance in Rare Ginsenoside Production
Authors: Yue Junsong , Li Zhiyan , Liu Xiaochen , Wu Zhansheng , Wang Jianwen , Tu Min , Shi Huaiqi , Fan Daidi , Li Yan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe biological conversion method using immobilized enzymes has become an important means to produce ginsenosides. Among them, the preprepared Zn‐Ni MOF could be used to immobilize glycosyltransferase by specific adsorption for ginsenoside Rh2 production. However, the low enzyme load of Zn‐Ni MOF limited its wide application. In this study, we successfully synthesized the Glu@Zn‐Ni MOF filled with nanospheres by modifying the previously prepared Zn‐Ni MOF with glutamic acid (Glu) through ligand exchange. This modification significantly increased the specific surface area of the Glu@Zn‐Ni MOF and enhanced the material's enzyme‐carrying capacity. After immobilizing glycosyltransferase (UGT) onto the Glu@Zn‐Ni MOF, the UGT@Glu@Zn‐Ni MOF demonstrated improved stability across different pH levels, temperatures, and repeated cycles. After seven cycles, the immobilized enzyme remained at 83.42% of its initial enzyme activity. To further enhance the process, we incorporated immobilized sucrose synthase into the system to form a coupled reaction. This approach not only reduced substrate costs but also increased the yield of ginsenoside Rh2. By optimizing the coupling reaction through adjustments to the reaction conditions and the addition of suitable surfactants and organic solvents, we achieved a yield of 5.41 μg/mL of Rh2. The development and optimization of this material hold significant potential and value for industrial applications in both material enhancement and ginsenoside synthesis.
Fermi Arcs Dominating the Electronic Surface Properties of Trigonal PtBi2
Authors: Hoffmann Sven , Schimmel Sebastian , Vocaturo Riccardo , Puig Joaquin , Shipunov Grigory , Janson Oleg , Aswartham Saicharan , Baumann Danny , Büchner Bernd , Brink Jeroen van den , Fasano Yanina , Facio Jorge I. , Hess Christian 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMaterials combining topologically non‐trivial behavior and superconductivity offer a potential route for quantum computation. However, the set of available materials intrinsically realizing these properties are scarce. Recently, surface superconductivity has been reported in PtBi2 in its trigonal phase and an inherent Weyl semimetal phase has been predicted. Here, based on scanning tunneling microscopy experiments, the signature of topological Fermi arcs are revealed in the normal state patterns of the quasiparticle interference. It is shown that the scattering between Fermi arcs dominates the interference spectra, providing conclusive evidence for the relevance of Weyl fermiology for the surface electronic properties of trigonal PtBi2.