bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hospital pharmacists’ perceived competence in providing care to oncology patients – (HoPP-CoP2)
Authors: Hopkins Megan L , Biggs Catherine , Charrois Theresa L , Dowhan Michelle , Thai Kevin 
Published: December 2024

Background Previous research has shown community pharmacists do not have high perceived competence or confidence providing care to patients on oral anti-cancer medications. There is a paucity of evidence when it comes to hospital pharmacists providing care to oncology patients admitted to the hospital for a reason other than cancer. Objective(s) To assess the perceived competence of hospital pharmacists not working in oncology in managing patients taking anticancer drugs. Additionally, identify factors impacting, potential interventions increasing, and any factors that improve perceived competence. Methods An anonymous cross-sectional survey distributed to hospital pharmacists throughout Canada. Results Mean perceived competence results ranged from 2.52 to 3.97 out of 7.00 with respondents reporting most perceived competence managing electrolyte disturbances and least competence managing drug-disease interactions and intervening on hepatic dysfunction. Low confidence in knowledge received from previous oncology training was reported with a mean of 2.82 on the 7-point Likert Scale. Continuing education sessions were perceived as the intervention which would most improve perceived competence with a mean value of 5.92 to 5.94 on a 7-point Likert Scale. The number of CE hours completed in the last five years was the only factor shown to have a statistically significant correlation with perceived competence. Conclusion Hospital pharmacists do not perceive themselves as competent in providing care to oncology patients. The implementation of a continuing education program related to oncology may improve perceived and actual competence
DEHP and Its Metabolite MEHP Alter the Insr and Glut4 Gene Expression by Blunting the Interaction of Transcription Factors in L6 Myotubes
Authors: Viswanathan Mangala Priya , Mullainadhan Vigneswari , Karundevi Balasubramanian 
Published: December 2024

Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) play an important role in the incidence of type-2 diabetes. Di-2-ethyl hexyl Phthalate (DEHP) is one of the endocrine-disrupting chemicals used as a plasticizer to impart flexibility and softness to plastic-containing materials. Mono-2-ethylhexyl Phthalate (MEHP), a DEHP’s primary metabolite, is preferentially absorbed once metabolized. A previous study from our laboratory showed that DEHP and MEHP altered the key proteins such as insulin receptor (INSR) and glucose transporter-4 (GLUT4) in L6 myotubes. In a sequel to the previous study, the present study hypothesized that DEHP and its metabolite MEHP may alter the Insr and Glut4 gene expression in L6 myotubes. Therefore, to find out the molecular mechanism behind the decreased INSR and GLUT4 protein levels in the previous study, the direct effect of DEHP and its metabolite MEHP in regulating Insr and Glut4 gene transcription in L6 myotubes was studied. The L6 myotubes were exposed to 50 and 100 μM DEHP and MEHP for 24 h, followed by insulin stimulation for 20 min. We observed decreased Insr and Glut4 mRNA levels in DEHP and MEHP-treated groups. Western blot data showed decreased protein levels of MEF2A and MyoD in treated groups. ChIP assay detected a decreased association of MEF2A and MyoD to the Glut4 gene promoter and HMGA1 to the Insr gene promoter. The study revealed that DEHP and MEHP diminished the Insr and Glut4 gene expression through weakened interaction of their transcription factors on the respective promoter.
A Methodological Investigation of Design and Mentoring Processes in Start-Up Incubation
Authors: Montagna Francesca , Cantamessa Marco , Monti Teresa , Altavilla Stefania 
Published: December 2024

Purpose Incubators have long been relevant actors in the development of start-ups. This paper proposes studying mentoring in incubators as a decision aiding process that aids a specific design process, namely the activities of a start-up during incubation. Design/methodology/approach Methodologically, this paper assumes a parallelism between mentoring and decision aiding, as well as between business modelling and a design process. According to this approach, mentors are viewed as decision aiding actors who operate within Contexts of Action and adopt more or less appropriate tools to aid business modelling design activities. A protocol analysis was carried out on 86 mentoring sessions with 53 entrepreneurial teams at the I3P Incubator of the Politecnico di Torino. Findings The study allowed us to obtain a deep understanding of the mentoring activities and the appropriateness of the tools used in each phase of the incubation process. Originality This paper introduces five elements of novelty. First, it looks at business mentoring as a decision aiding process of a design process, specifically the incubation process; second, this has allowed us to refer to a framework provided by the Decision Aiding literature; third, it adopts an alternative research approach to surveys, questionnaires and interviews; fourth, it provides an abstract/standardised unit of analysis to describe the situational nature of mentoring. Finally, it identifies the building blocks of mentoring and how the activities are methodologically conducted.
Efficacy and safety of anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapies in the medical management of carotid free-floating thrombus: A systematic review
Authors: Camerotte Raphael , Vilardo Marina , Ribeiro Filipe Virgilio , Bocanegra-Becerra Jhon E , Gonçalves Ocilio Ribeiro , Paleare Luis , Dominici Saul , Corvelo Arthur Parke C , Fukunaga Christian Ken , Mitre Lucas Pari , Sobral Thierry , Ferreira Marcio Yuri , Ferreira Christian , Gordon David , Langer David , Serulle Yafell 
Published: December 2024

Background The optimal treatment for carotid free-floating thrombus (CFFT) remains uncertain due to limited evidence, with no randomized clinical trials and scarce guidelines, such as ESVS 2023, favoring conservative management. Anticoagulation (ACT) and antiplatelet (APT) therapies are emerging as promising alternatives to high-risk surgical interventions. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ACT and APT therapies for CFFT. Methods A systematic search was performed across PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases. Safety and efficacy endpoints were assessed. A two-sample t-test compared baseline characteristics between groups, and a Chi-square test evaluated differences in categorical variables. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Data were analyzed using R 4.3.0 with the meta package v.7.0-0. Results Four studies met the inclusion criteria, involving 170 patients diagnosed with CFFT. The APT group included 96 patients (mean age 55.35 ± 13.52 years; 56.25% male), and the ACT group included 74 patients (mean age 58.57 ± 14.28 years; 51.35% male). Thrombus regression was slightly lower in APT (42%) compared to ACT (48%). Both groups showed similar rates of residual stenosis. Antiplatelet had fewer ischemic events within 30 days (none vs. 4% in ACT) and lower intracranial hemorrhage rates (3.3% vs. 5.4% in ACT) but higher mortality (6.3% vs. none in ACT). Conclusion Both ACT and APT are effective for managing CFFT, each with distinct efficacy and safety profiles. However, randomized trials are necessary to better assess these therapies in CFFT management.
Dual-task performance and balance in patients with severe COPD: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Alexandru Florian Crisan , Camelia Corina Pescaru , Adelina Maritescu , Vlad Carunta , Roxana Ramona Onofrei , Emil Robert Stoicescu , Cristian Oancea 
Published: December 2024

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) significantly impacts respiratory and motor function, balance, and cognition, leading to muscle weakness and impaired exercise capacity. The impairments often result in challenges with daily activities, particularly those requiring dual-tasking. Objectives: The study investigated whether patients with severe COPD would exhibit more significant cognitive and motor performance decline during dual tasks compared to healthy controls. Design: This study employed a cross-sectional design to compare cognitive and motor performance in dual tasks between patients with severe COPD and healthy controls. Methods: We included 44 patients with severe COPD and 43 healthy individuals. Participants underwent various tests, including pulmonary function tests, six-minute walking tests, dual Timed Up and Go tests (TUG), dual single-leg stance tests (SLS), Berg Balance Scale assessments, and Falls Efficacy Scale International evaluations (FES-I). Results: The COPD group had significantly lower scores in the Berg Balance Scale (BBS; 44.79 ± 4.70 vs 52.67 ± 2.16, p < 0.0001) and longer times for the TUG test (12.44 s; [11.44, 13.50] vs 9.14 s; [7.91, 10.11], p < 0.0001) and shorter times for the SLS test (14.15 s; [12.31, 15.65] vs 26.20 s; [23.45, 30.88], p < 0.0001), indicating poorer functional mobility and balance. Furthermore, dual-task interference (DTI) outcomes revealed poorer performance in the COPD group ( p < 0.0001). The fear of falling (FES-I) was increased in the COPD group. There was a significant positive correlation between DTI TUG and FES-I ( r = 0.35, p = 0.01) and a negative correlation between DTI SLS and BBS ( r = −0.41, p = 0.005) in the COPD group. Conclusion: The study reveals significant impairments in DTI and balance among patients with severe COPD. Patients with severe COPD performed worse in tests involving dual tasks. They had poorer balance overall compared to healthy controls, with longer times for the dual Timed Up and Go test and shorter times for the SLS test, indicating a higher susceptibility to DTI and a greater fear of falling.
Incorporating Patient and Family Perspectives into ICU Environmental Design: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis of Existing Literature
Authors: Fahy Yvonne Patricia , Tronstad Oystein , Waldmann Jana , Fraser John F. 
Published: December 2024

Objective This review aims to assess the incorporation of patient and family input into intensive care unit (ICU) design processes. It aims to highlight the importance of prioritising patient and family perspectives in ICU design to improve patient experiences and clinical outcomes. Background Traditionally, ICU design has focused on clinical efficiency at the expense of patient-centered needs, leading to heavily sedated patients and neglected holistic care delivery. While architects historically dominated design decisions, there's no recognition of the necessity to integrate patient and family perspectives. However, such efforts remain rare despite professional guidelines advocating for multi-professional team involvement. Methods This review summarises the published literature on built ICUs that have incorporated patient and family input into the design process. It evaluates methodologies used and measures patient-centric outcomes to identify successful examples and areas for improvement in future initiatives. Results The limited published literature identifies only three projects successfully integrating patient and family input into ICU design. Additionally, one project was identified in a search of the gray literature. However, these projects often lack rigorous evaluation of patient-centric outcomes, with initiatives involving patients and families remaining uncommon. The review underscores the need for more comprehensive evaluation and greater emphasis on patient and family involvement in ICU design. Conclusion This review emphasizes the significance of integrating patient perspectives into ICU design to enhance outcomes and improve experiences. While progress has been made in recognizing their importance, more efforts are needed to prioritize patient and family involvement for creating conducive environments for healing and recovery.
Higher Academic Performance, Lower Level of Ethical Responsibility? Analysis of Ethical Responsibility Among Top-Notch Students in Shanghai of China
Authors: Su (苏娜) Na , Wei (魏晓宇) Xiaoyu , Han (韩晓颖) Xiaoying 
Published: December 2024

Purpose Education on the ethics of responsibility is paramount. However, in educational practice, students who perform well academically—often referred to as “top-notch students”—frequently exhibit low levels of ethical responsibility. To explore the validity of this claim, we conducted a survey at a junior high school in Shanghai with a reputation for nurturing top-notch students. Design/Approach/Methods Using the Student Ethics of Responsibility Scale, we compared the levels of ethical responsibility exhibited by top-notch and ordinary students and explored their influencing factors. Findings First, results show that top-notch students outperformed ordinary students across all dimensions of ethical responsibility, particularly in terms of responsibility for the future, collective responsibility, and social responsibility. Second, major influencing factors affecting top-notch students’ levels of collective responsibility and social responsibility were their responsibility for others, their individual responsibility, the levels of collective and social responsibility exhibited by their peers, and parents’ expectations for their children's comprehensive quality. Third, the primary factors influencing students’ responsibility for the future were responsibility for others, individual responsibility, self-education expectation, and their peers’ responsibility for the future. Fourth, gender, grade, and parents’ years of education had minimal impact on the ethical responsibility of top-notch students. Originality/Value The findings of this study refute the stereotype that students who perform better academically have a weaker sense of responsibility.
Patient-Reported Outcomes Associated With “Completely Better” Status at 2 Years After Hip Arthroscopy
Authors: Kolevar Matthew P. , Honig Evan L. , Rocca Michael S. , Kaveeshwar Samir , Tran Andrew , Hartline Jacob T. , Leong Natalie L. , Packer Jonathan D. , Henn R. Frank , Meredith Sean J. 
Published: December 2024

Background: Measures such as the Patient Acceptable Symptom State and minimum clinically important difference have been used to contextualize patient-reported outcomes (PROs). Assessment of patients’ perception of being “completely better” (CB) after hip arthroscopy has not been studied. Purposes: To (1) determine the prevalence and characteristics of patients who report being CB at 2 years after hip arthroscopy; (2) determine whether PROs measuring function, pain, and mental health are associated with CB status; and (3) determine threshold values for PROs predictive of achieving CB status. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Patients undergoing hip arthroscopy at a single institution from October 2015 to January 2020 were administered electronic surveys assessing sociodemographic variables and PROs at baseline and 2 years postoperatively. The CB anchor question was “ Is the condition for which you underwent surgery completely better now?” Threshold values for PROs associated with achieving CB status at 2 years postoperatively were identified with 90% specificity. Variables with an area under the curve of >0.80 on a receiver operating characteristic curve were selected for multivariate analysis. Results: Overall, 29 of 62 patients (47%) achieved CB status. There were no differences in age, sex, body mass index, race, prior hip surgery, preoperative opioid use, smoking status, or preoperative expectations between the CB and no-CB groups. The CB group had better 2-year postoperative and pre- to postoperative change values on all PROs ( P < .05 for all) except for the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS)–Depression and the Numeric Pain Scale (NPS) for whole-body pain. Two-year postoperative PRO thresholds for achieving CB status were determined as PROMIS–Physical Function (PF) ≥51.3 or increase in PROMIS–PF ≥12 points, PROMIS–Pain Interference ≤46.6 or decrease in PROMIS–Pain Interference ≥12.2 points, NPS for operative hip pain of ≤1.0, Musculoskeletal Outcomes Data Evaluation and Management System–expectations met ≥95.0, and Surgical Satisfaction Questionnaire (SSQ-8) ≥87.5. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that higher SSQ-8 score and greater improvement on the PROMIS–PF were independent predictors of achieving CB status. Conclusion: Almost half of the study patients perceived being CB at 2 years after hip arthroscopy. Multiple postoperative PROs scores were associated with achieving CB status.
FlavorMiner: a machine learning platform for extracting molecular flavor profiles from structural data
Authors: Herrera-Rocha Fabio , Fernández-Niño Miguel , Duitama Jorge , Cala Mónica P. , Chica María José , Wessjohann Ludger A. , Davari Mehdi D. , Barrios Andrés Fernando González 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFlavor is the main factor driving consumers acceptance of food products. However, tracking the biochemistry of flavor is a formidable challenge due to the complexity of food composition. Current methodologies for linking individual molecules to flavor in foods and beverages are expensive and time-consuming. Predictive models based on machine learning (ML) are emerging as an alternative to speed up this process. Nonetheless, the optimal approach to predict flavor features of molecules remains elusive. In this work we present FlavorMiner, an ML-based multilabel flavor predictor. FlavorMiner seamlessly integrates different combinations of algorithms and mathematical representations, augmented with class balance strategies to address the inherent class of the input dataset. Notably, Random Forest and K-Nearest Neighbors combined with Extended Connectivity Fingerprint and RDKit molecular descriptors consistently outperform other combinations in most cases. Resampling strategies surpass weight balance methods in mitigating bias associated with class imbalance. FlavorMiner exhibits remarkable accuracy, with an average ROC AUC score of 0.88. This algorithm was used to analyze cocoa metabolomics data, unveiling its profound potential to help extract valuable insights from intricate food metabolomics data. FlavorMiner can be used for flavor mining in any food product, drawing from a diverse training dataset that spans over 934 distinct food products.Scientific Contribution FlavorMiner is an advanced machine learning (ML)-based tool designed to predict molecular flavor features with high accuracy and efficiency, addressing the complexity of food metabolomics. By leveraging robust algorithmic combinations paired with mathematical representations FlavorMiner achieves high predictive performance. Applied to cocoa metabolomics, FlavorMiner demonstrated its capacity to extract meaningful insights, showcasing its versatility for flavor analysis across diverse food products. This study underscores the transformative potential of ML in accelerating flavor biochemistry research, offering a scalable solution for the food and beverage industry.
Remote Symptom Monitoring of Patients With Advanced Lung Cancer (The ProWide Study): A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Friis Rasmus Blechingberg , Pappot Helle , Hjollund Niels Henrik , McCulloch Tine , Holt Marianne Ingerslev , Persson Gitte Fredberg , Wedervang Kim , Clausen Malene Martini , Wahlstrøm Stine , Hansen Karin Holmskov , Rasmussen Torben Riis , Dalton Susanne Oksbjerg , Jakobsen Erik , Linnet Hanne , Skuladottir Halla ,   The Danish Lung Cancer Group
Published: December 2024

PURPOSE
Remote symptom monitoring of patients with cancer has previously shown potential for improving clinical outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of remote symptom monitoring in patients with lung cancer after palliative induction treatment.

METHODS
In a Danish multicenter randomized controlled trial, patients were randomly assigned 1:1 to remote symptom monitoring (intervention arm) added to standard of care versus standard of care (control arm). Key eligibility criteria were stage III-IV lung cancer (small cell lung cancer and non–small cell lung cancer), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status ≤2, and no sign of disease progression after initial induction treatment. Patients in the intervention arm completed a weekly electronic questionnaire, assessing 14 common symptoms related to lung cancer. When a patient reported a severity exceeding a predefined threshold, the patient was subsequently contacted by phone to address potential clinical needs. Symptom monitoring was discontinued after progression. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS). Secondary measures included assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

RESULTS

Of 494 randomly assigned patients, 240 were assigned to the intervention arm and 254 were assigned to the control arm. At a median follow-up of 3.5 years, symptom monitoring did not significantly improve OS compared with standard care (hazard ratio [HR], 0.93 [95% CI, 0.75 to 1.16];
P
= .53). Exploratory subgroup analyses indicated improved survival for patients treated with carboplatin/vinorelbine (HR, 0.67 [95% CI, 0.45 to 0.98];
P
= .04) and in departments with previous implementation of patient-reported outcomes (HR, 0.66 [95% CI, 0.44 to 0.98];
P
= .04). HRQoL analyses did not reveal clinically meaningful effects.

CONCLUSION
In the Danish health care system, remote symptom monitoring did not improve OS but led to modest improvements in HRQoL for patients with advanced lung cancer.
Causal Effects of Metabolic Syndrome on Gastric Disorders: Univariable and Multivariable Mendelian Randomization
Authors: Li Bowen , Xu Jianguo , Zheng Qingyong , Gao Jie , Ren Qian , Zhou Yongning 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Context
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been associated with various gastrointestinal disorders, but the causal relationships between MetS components and gastric disorders remain unclear. Previous observational studies are limited by confounding factors and reverse causation.

Objectives
This study aimed to investigate the causal effects of MetS components, including fasting blood glucose (FBG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TGs), waist circumference (WC), and hypertension, on the risks of chronic gastritis, benign gastric tumors, and gastric cancer using mendelian randomization (MR) analyses.

Methods
Univariable 2-sample mendelian randomization (TSMR) and multivariable mendelian randomization (MVMR) analyses were employed to evaluate the independent and combined effects of MetS components on gastric disorders. The primary MR method used was the random effects inverse-variance weighted (IVW) approach.

Results
Univariable TSMR analysis identified statistically significant associations between elevated TGs (odds ratio [OR] = 1.223, 95% CI, 1.011-1.480; P = .0386) and reduced HDL-C (OR = 0.833, 95% CI, 0.701-0.989; P = .037) with an increased risk of benign gastric tumors. However, these associations were not confirmed by MVMR for TGs (OR = 1.187, 95% CI, 0.891-1.581; P = .2408) or HDL-C (OR = 0.989, 95% CI, 0.758-1.289; P = .932). Both TSMR (OR = 0.585, 95% CI, 0.411-0.831; P = .003) and MVMR (OR = 0.558, 95% CI, 0.334-0.930; P = .025) indicated that hypertension is associated with a reduced risk of gastric cancer. No statistically significant associations were found for other MetS components and gastric disorders.

Conclusion
The findings suggest that specific MetS components, such as TGs and HDL-C, may affect the risk of benign gastric tumors, while hypertension might reduce the risk of gastric cancer. This study highlights the need for further research to understand the underlying mechanisms and potential indirect effects between MetS components and gastric disorders.