bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and predictors of airflow obstruction in an HIV tertiary care clinic in Montreal, Canada: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Costiniuk CT , Nitulescu R , Saneei Z , Wasef N , Salahuddin S , Wasef D , Young J , de Castro C , Routy JP , Lebouché B , Cox J , Smith BM , Ambroise S , Pexos C , Patel M , Szabo J , Haraoui LP , de Pokomandy A , Tsoukas C , Falutz J , LeBlanc R , Giannakis A , Frenette C , Jenabian MA , Bourbeau J , Klein MB 
Published: January 2019

ObjectivesThe reported prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in people living with HIV (PLWHIV) varies widely. Our objective was to estimate the prevalence of airflow obstruction and COPD in unselected PLWHIV and identify characteristics that increase the risk of nonreversible airflow obstruction in order to guide case finding strategies for COPD.MethodsAll adults attending the Chronic Viral Illness Service were invited to participate in the study, regardless of smoking status or history of known COPD/asthma. Individuals underwent spirometric testing both before and after use of a salbutamol bronchodilator. Airflow obstruction was defined as forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) < 0.7 post‐bronchodilation, whereas COPD was defined as FEV1/FVC < 0.7 post‐bronchodilation and Medical Research Council (MRC) score > 2. Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate risk factors associated with airflow obstruction, reported as adjusted odds ratios (aORs).ResultsFive hundred and three participants successfully completed spirometry testing. The median (Q1; Q3) age was 52 (44; 58) years. The median (Q1; Q3) CD4 count was 598 (438; 784) cells/μL and the median (Q1; Q3) nadir CD4 count was 224 (121; 351) cells/μL. There were 119 (24%) current smokers and 145 (29%) former smokers. Among those screened, 54 (11%) had airflow obstruction whereas three (1%) of the participants had COPD. Factors that were associated with airflow obstruction included a history of smoking [aOR 2.2; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1; 4.7], older age (aOR 1.6; 95% CI 1.2; 2.2), and lower CD4 count (aOR 0.8; 95% CI 0.7; 1.0).ConclusionsAirflow obstruction was relatively uncommon. Our findings suggest that PLWHIV who are ≥50 years old, smokers and those with nadir CD4 counts ≤ 200 cells/μL could be targeted to undergo spirometry to diagnose chronic airflow obstruction.
Effects of a synthetic di‐phosphoserine peptide (SS‐2) on gene expression profiling against TNF‐α induced inflammation
Authors: Zhang Hua , Xu Cai Na , Mine Yoshinori 
Published: January 2019

SummaryIt has been showed bioactive di‐phosphoserine peptide (SS‐2) possesses functions to ameliorate oxidative stress in vitro. This study aimed to substantiate the role of bioactive di‐phosphoserine peptide (SS‐2) in modulating inflammatory responses in TNF‐α‐stimulated HT‐29 cells, and its mechanism of action. SS‐2 significantly reduced IL‐8 secretion in TNF‐α‐induced HT‐29 cells, and also suppressed pro‐inflammatory cytokines, including IL‐8, IL‐12, MCP‐1 and TNF‐α. Moreover, SS‐2 inhibited TNF‐α initiated signalling cascades by suppressing phosphorylation of the ERK1/2, JNK, P38 and IκB those culminate in above cellular inflammatory responses. Differentially expressed genes analysis within NF‐κB signalling pathway revealed that SS‐2 blocks multiple sites of upstream NF‐κB signalling cascade, including FADD and MyD88, thereby preventing the signalling transduction involved in cellular inflammatory response. These results provide a new insight into molecular mechanism for anti‐inflammatory action of SS‐2, suggesting SS‐2 is a potential alternative approach to treat IBD by particular targeting TNF‐α driven inflammatory event.
Structure characterisation of polysaccharide isolated from huangjiu and its anti‐inflammatory activity through MAPK signalling
Authors: Peng Lin , Liu Shuangping , Ji Zhongwei , Chen Shuguang , Mao Jian 
Published: January 2019

SummaryHuangjiu is a famous alcoholic beverage in China due to its nutritional and functional properties. In the present study, a polysaccharide HJ‐P with molecular weight of 1435 Da was purified from huangjiu and was composed of rhamnose, arabinose, mannose, glucose, galactose and glucose (highest mole percentage of 85.36%). Methylation and NMR analysis suggest that the linkage type of HJ‐P was proposed to be composed of (1→4)‐linked‐Glcp, (1→6)‐linked‐Galp and (1→4)‐linked‐Manp with terminal unit (1→)‐linked‐Glcp and most of the sugar residues were α‐anomeric configuration. HJ‐P had a great anti‐oxidant activity and the scavenging rates of DPPH and ABTS radical were 92.61% and 78.13% respectively. Meanwhile, HJ‐P effectively reduced NO and pro‐inflammatory cytokines production through the phosphorylation inhibition of MAPK signal pathway. This is the first report on anti‐inflammatory activity of polysaccharide from huangjiu and will be helpful to gain better understanding of the functional value of huangjiu.
Utility of new red cell parameters for distinguishing functional iron deficiency from absolute iron deficiency in children with familial Mediterranean fever
Authors: Gezgin Yıldırım Deniz , Kaya Zühre , Bakkaloglu Sevcan A. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIntroductionFew data are available on the clinical utility of new red cell parameters for detecting anemia in children with inflammatory diseases. The aim was to investigate the utility of three new red cell parameters for distinguishing functional iron deficiency (FID) from absolute iron deficiency (AID) in children with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF).MethodsThe study involved 198 children with genetically confirmed FMF and 18 healthy‐age and sex‐matched controls. Complete blood counts with the new red cell parameters of low hemoglobin (Hb) density (LHD), microcytic anemia factor (MAF), and red blood cell size factor (RSF) were measured in a Unicel® DxH800, along with conventional iron parameters. The FMF patients’ medical records were retrospectively reviewed to assess inflammation status and genetic results.ResultsThe frequencies of FID and AID among the 198 FMF patients were 35% and 65%, respectively. Among patients with homozygous MEFV mutation, FID was more common than AID (P < 0.05). Mean LHD was significantly higher and mean Hb, MCV, MAF, and RSF were significantly lower among the FMF patients with FID compared to those with AID and controls (P < 0.05). Specificity for distinguishing FID from AID in children with FMF was greatest for MAF (92%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 85%‐96%), followed by LHD (85%; 95% CI 76%‐91%) and RSF (81%; 95% CI 72%‐88%).ConclusionThe new red cell parameters measured by the Unicel® DxH800 may be useful for guiding physicians in distinguishing FID from AID in children with FMF.
The effectiveness of immediate implant placement for single tooth replacement compared to delayed implant placement: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Cosyn Jan , De Lat Liesa , Seyssens Lorenz , Doornewaard Ron , Deschepper Ellen , Vervaeke Stijn 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimTo compare immediate implant placement (IIP) to delayed single implant placement (DIP, ≥3 months post‐extraction) in terms of implant survival (primary outcome), surgical, clinical, aesthetic, radiographic and patient‐reported outcomes (secondary outcomes).Materials and MethodsTwo reviewers independently performed an electronic search in PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE and Cochrane and a hand search to identify eligible studies up to May 2018. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non‐randomized controlled studies (NRSs) comparing IIP to DIP with at least 1 year of follow‐up were selected for a qualitative analysis and meta‐analysis.ResultsThe search identified 3 RCTs and 5 NRSs out of 2,589 titles providing data on 473 single implants (IIP: 233, DIP: 240) that had been in function between 12 and 96 months. One RCT showed unclear risk of bias, whereas all other studies demonstrated high risk. Meta‐analysis showed significantly lower implant survival for IIP (94.9%) as compared to DIP (98.9%) (RR 0.96, 95% CI [0.93; 0.99], p = 0.02). All were early implant failures. A subgroup meta‐analysis demonstrated a trend towards lower implant survival for IIP when postoperative antibiotics had not been administered (RR: 0.93, 95% CI [0.86; 1.00], p = 0.07). This was not observed among studies including the administration of postoperative antibiotics (RR: 0.98, 95% CI [0.94; 1.02], p = 0.35). Meta‐analyses showed similar probing depth (WMD 0.43 mm, 95% CI [−0.47; 1.33], p = 0.35) and aesthetic outcomes as assessed by the pink aesthetic score (standardized WMD −0.03, 95% CI [−0.46; 0.39], p = 0.88) for IIP and DIP. Data on marginal bone loss were conflicting and highly biased. Soft tissue recession was underreported and available data were highly biased. Patient‐reported outcomes were underreported, yet both IIP and DIP seemed well tolerated.ConclusionImmediate implant placement demonstrated higher risk for early implant loss than DIP. There is a need for RCTs comparing IIP to DIP with CBCT analyses at different time points and data on midfacial recession with the preoperative status as baseline. In these studies, the need for hard and soft tissue grafting should also be evaluated.
Osteoimmunology: Inflammatory osteolysis and regeneration of the alveolar bone
Authors: Gruber Reinhard 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimOsteoimmunology covers the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for inflammatory osteolysis that culminates in the degradation of alveolar bone. Osteoimmunology also focuses on the interplay of immune cells with bone cells during bone remodelling and regeneration. The aim of this review was to provide insights into how osteoimmunology affects alveolar bone health and disease.MethodThis review is based on a narrative approach to assemble mouse models that provide insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms causing inflammatory osteolysis and on the impact of immune cells on alveolar bone regeneration.ResultsMouse models have revealed the molecular pathways by which microbial and other factors activate immune cells that initiate an inflammatory response. The inflammation‐induced alveolar bone loss occurs with the concomitant suppression of bone formation. Mouse models also showed that immune cells contribute to the resolution of inflammation and bone regeneration, even though studies with a focus on alveolar socket healing are rare.ConclusionsConsidering that osteoimmunology is evolutionarily conserved, osteolysis removes the cause of inflammation by provoking tooth loss. The impact of immune cells on bone regeneration is presumably a way to reinitiate the developmental mechanisms of intramembranous and endochondral bone formation.
Relationship between natural killer cell activity and glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes and prediabetes
Authors: Kim Jung Hye , Park Kahui , Lee Sang Bae , Kang Shinae , Park Jong Suk , Ahn Chul Woo , Nam Ji Sun 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAims/IntroductionNatural killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes critical to human immunity. Previous studies showed correlations between NK cell function and blood glucose concentrations. The purpose of the present study was to assess the NK cell activity and various metabolic parameters in people with type 2 diabetes, prediabetes and normal glucose tolerance.Materials and MethodsA total of 49 participants were enrolled in the study. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters including age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, C‐peptide, insulin, glycated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol were assessed. The 75 g oral glucose tolerance test was carried out for 2‐h postload glucose level. Homeostatic model assessment was calculated for insulin resistance and β‐cell function. NK cell activity was measured by detecting the circulating interferon‐gamma level secreted from NK cells.ResultsNK cell activity was lower in patients with type 2 diabetes (768.01 ± 650.35) compared with those with prediabetes (2,396.08 ± 653.76, P < 0.001) and normal glucose tolerance (2,435.31 ± 633.22, P < 0.001). In patients with type 2 diabetes, there was a significant inverse linear relationship between NK cell activity and fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and 2‐h postload glucose level (all P < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis showed glycated hemoglobin to be an independent predictor of NK cell activity in patients with type 2 diabetes.ConclusionsCompared with individuals with normal glucose tolerance or prediabetes, type 2 diabetes patients have a reduced NK cell activity, and it is significantly related to glucose control.
Evaluation of lemongrass and ginger essential oils to inhibit Listeria monocytogenes in biofilms
Authors: Reis‐Teixeira Fernanda Barbosa , Sousa Ingrid Pontes , Alves Virgínia Farias , Furtado Niege Araçari Jacometti Cardoso , De Martinis Elaine Cristina Pereira 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes, a foodborne pathogen, is hard to eliminate from food processing environments because it can persist in biofilms. Searching for natural agents that can effectively act against L. monocytogenes biofilms is important to prevent food contamination, especially in the case of ready‐to‐eat foods. Here, we determine the key components of the lemongrass and ginger essential oils (EOs) and evaluate the activity of each EO against L. monocytogenes biofilms. Biofilms grown on stainless steel and glass coupons were monitored by culture method and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). These techniques revealed the presence of live and dead cells. Monoterpenes were the main components in the lemongrass EO; monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes were the main constituents of the ginger EO. Although the lemongrass EO affected L. monocytogenes biofilms significantly, none of the tested treatments inhibited the pathogen completely. Therefore, controlling the presence of L. monocytogenes in food processing areas demands preventive measures.Practical applicationMicrobial biofilms constitute a challenge for effective sanitation in the food industry. Synthetic products are commonly used as sanitizers, but consumers have demanded more natural food produced in eco‐friendly environments. This scenario has motivated the search for natural antimicrobials that can be applied in food facilities to eliminate microorganisms from biofilms. Plant‐derived compounds represent an alternative source of antimicrobials due to their potential acceptance by the consumers and wide availability. This study shows that treatment with lemongrass essential oil significantly affects biofilms formed by the foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes, but the treatment does not eradicate the biofilms. Our results demonstrate that it is possible to identify natural antimicrobials with potential use as alternative sanitizers in the food industry.
Modified non‐flared fully covered self‐expandable metal stent versus plastic stent for preoperative biliary drainage in patients with resectable malignant biliary obstruction
Authors: Lee Hyun Woo , Moon Jong Ho , Lee Yun Nah , Chung Jun Chul , Lee Tae Hoon , Choi Moon Han , Cha Sang‐Woo , Cho Young Deok , Park Sang‐Heum 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackground and AimFully covered self‐expandable metal stents (FCSEMS) may be better than plastic stents (PS) for preoperative biliary drainage (PBD) to relieve cholangitis or jaundice for resectable malignant biliary obstruction (MBO). However, modification of current FCSEMS designed originally for nonresectable MBO is needed to be a proper stent for PBD. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible superiority of non‐flared modified FCSEMS (M‐FCSEMS) with 12‐mm diameter and waist of central portion over PS in patients with resectable MBO.MethodsEighty‐five consecutive patients underwent PBD followed by operation from August 2015 to December 2017. In each M‐FCSEMS and PS group, 29 patients were matched for age, sex, body mass index, and preoperative albumin and bilirubin levels.ResultsThe overall technical success rates of PBD using M‐FCSEMS and PS were 100%. The time to operation was similar between groups (18.6 ± 10.8 vs 19.3 ± 11.6 days, respectively; P = 0.843). The prevalence of PBD‐related adverse events (AEs) was 6.9% (2/29) in the M‐FCSEMS group versus 27.6% (8/29) in the PS group (P = 0.037). Re‐intervention before operation was required in 20.7% (6/29) of patients in the PS group but no patients in the M‐FCSEMS group (P = 0.023). No differences were found between perioperative AEs in the M‐FCSEMS and PS groups (27.5% vs 31.0%, respectively; P = 0.773).ConclusionModified FCSEMS led to lower PBD‐related AEs, re‐intervention rate, and comparable perioperative AEs compared with PS. M‐FCSEMS may be a potential novel stent for PBD in patients with resectable MBO.
Developing disease‐resistant thermosensitive male sterile rice by multiplex gene editing
Authors: Li Sanfeng , Shen Lan , Hu Ping , Liu Qing , Zhu Xudong , Qian Qian , Wang Kejian , Wang Yuexing 
Published: January 2019

SummaryHigh‐quality and disease‐resistant male sterile lines have great potential for applications in hybrid rice breeding. We introduced specific mutations into the TMS5, Pi21, and Xa13 genes in Pinzhan intermediate breeding material using the CRISPR/Cas9 multiplex genome editing system. We found that the transgene‐free homozygous triple tms5/pi21/xa13 mutants obtained in the T1 generation displayed characteristics of thermosensitive genic male sterility (TGMS) with enhanced resistance to rice blast and bacterial blight. Our study provides a convenient and effective way of converting breeding intermediate material into TGMS lines through multiplex gene editing, which could significantly accelerate the breeding of sterile lines.
Hypoxia: The force of endometriosis
Authors: Wu Meng‐Hsing , Hsiao Kuei‐Yang , Tsai Shaw‐Jenq 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimSummarize recent findings of how hypoxia regulates numerous important processes to facilitate the implantation, proliferation and progression of ectopic endometriotic lesions.MethodsMost up‐to‐date evidences about how hypoxia contributes to the disease pathogenesis of endometriosis and potential therapeutic approaches were collected by conducting a comprehensive search of medical literature electronic databases. Quality of data was analyzed by experienced experts including gynecologist and basic scientists.ResultsUterus is a highly vascularized organ, which makes endometrial cells constantly expose to high concentration of oxygen. When endometrial tissues shed off from the eutopic uterus and retrograde to the peritoneal cavity, they face severe hypoxic stress. Even with successful implantation to ovaries or peritoneum, the hypoxic stress remains as a critical issue because endometrial cells are used to live in the well‐oxygenated environment. Under the hypoxia condition, cells undergo epigenetic modulation and evolve several survival processes including steroidogenesis, angiogenesis, inflammation and metabolic switch. The complex gene regulatory network driven by hypoxia ensures endometriotic cells can survive under the hostile peritoneal microenvironment.ConclusionHypoxia plays critical roles in promoting pathological processes to facilitate the development of endometriosis. Targeting hypoxia‐mediated gene network represents an alternative approach for the treatment of endometriosis.
“We're Supposed to Look Like Girls, But Act Like Boys”: Adolescent Girls’ Adherence to Masculinity Norms
Authors: Rogers Leoandra Onnie , Yang Rui , Way Niobe , Weinberg Sharon L. , Bennet Anna 
Published: January 2019

In the ecological systems perspective, gender ideologies are part of the macrosystem that shapes human development. A growing literature indicates that youth accommodate and resist such ideologies, with adherence to masculinity norms being linked with negative adjustment. Most masculinity research focuses on boys’ adherence to masculinity, but girls are also pressured to uphold masculinity norms. Using mixed modeling, we examined girls’ adherence to masculinity and psychological (self‐esteem, depressive symptoms) and social (peer support and conflict) well‐being in the United States (N = 407;Mage = 12.28) and China (N = 356;Mage = 12.41). In both countries, adherence to masculinity was negatively associated with psychosocial well‐being. Chinese girls reported greater masculinity adherence, but associations with psychosocial well‐being were not moderated by nationality.
Effectiveness and persistence of mirabegron as a first‐line treatment in patients with overactive bladder in real‐life practice
Authors: Shin Jung Hyun , Choo Myung‐Soo 
Published: January 2019

ObjectivesTo evaluate the effectiveness and persistence of mirabegron as a first‐line treatment in patients with overactive bladder (OAB) in real‐life practice.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed patients with OAB who received mirabegron (50 mg) as a first‐line treatment. According to treatment course, patients were divided into three groups, (a) mirabegron only (monotherapy group), (b) mirabegron and anticholinergics (add‐on group), and (c) mirabegron replaced with another treatment (switch group). The patients' symptoms were documented with a voiding diary including an urgency scale and a patient perception of treatment benefit questionnaire (PPTB). Follow‐up was at 4 weeks after initial treatment and then 2 months later, according to our routine protocol.ResultsA total of 196 patients were included: 128 patients (65.3%) received monotherapy and 60 patients (30.6%) received add‐on therapy. Eight patients discontinued mirabegron and switched to another treatment modality. The add‐on group had more episodes of baseline urinary frequency, nocturia and urgency than the monotherapy group (P = 0.011, 0.001, and 0.006, respectively). In the monotherapy group, mean daily frequency, nocturia, urgency episodes, and urgency urinary incontinence were improved (P < 0.05) after mirabegron treatment. The persistence of mirabegron monotherapy was 68.0% at 3 months, 54.4% at 6 months, and 39.4% at 12 months. Treatment‐naïve patients had better persistency than previously anticholinergics‐treated patients.ConclusionsMirabegron is an effective first‐line therapy for OAB, but has a persistence rate of 39.4% at 12 months. Patients with severe baseline OAB symptoms tended to require add‐on therapy during follow‐up.