bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pharmacokinetics of Tenofovir Alafenamide, Tenofovir, and Emtricitabine Following Administration of Coformulated Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide in Healthy Japanese Subjects
Authors: Yamada Hiroyuki , Yonemura Takuma , Nemoto Takanori , Ninomiya Noriko , Irie Shin 
Published: October 2018

AbstractA fixed‐dose combination of tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) and emtricitabine (FTC) is available in 2 tablet strengths in Japan (FTC/TAF 200/10 mg and FTC/TAF 200/25 mg). These are used once daily in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. The primary objective of this study was to investigate if there is any clinically relevant pharmacokinetic difference for TAF, tenofovir (TFV), and FTC between Japanese and non‐Japanese with historical data. Three treatment groups were set in the study; FTC/TAF 200/10 mg in combination with darunavir (DRV) 800 mg + ritonavir (RTV) 100 mg (treatment A) or DRV/cobicistat (COBI) 800/150 mg (treatment B) and FTC/TAF 200/25 mg alone (treatment C). Especially for treatment C, it was designated for another purpose to evaluate the pharmacokinetic boosting effects of RTV and COBI on TAF bioavailability. As a result, the mean exposure of TAF among treatment groups was 125 to 154 ng/mL for Cmax and 119 to 179 ng·h/mL for AUCinf, which were comparable with the historical data in non‐Japanese. The exposures of TFV and FTC were also consistent with the historical data. Therefore, no clinically relevant pharmacokinetic differences for TAF, TFV, and FTC were observed between Japanese and non‐Japanese. Boosting effects of RTV and COBI on TAF bioavailability were slightly lower than we expected, less than a 2.5‐fold increase, but it was within the range of exposures associated with efficacy and safety in phase 3 studies. Therefore, it was not considered clinically relevant.
Bioequivalence of Sarpogrelate in Healthy Chinese Subjects Under Fasting and Fed Conditions: A 4‐Way Replicate Crossover Investigation by a Reference‐Scaled Average Bioequivalence Approach
Authors: Ding Y.H. , Liu B. , Lou J.F. , Sun J.X. , Wu M. , Zhu X.X. , Chen G.L. , Zhang H. , Li X.J. , Chen H. , Liu C.J. , Shen Z.W. , Li C.Y. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractSarpogrelate is widely used to treat peripheral vascular disorders. However, it has been demonstrated to have a poor pharmacokinetic (PK) profile and marked within‐subject variability. Here, the bioequivalence of 2 formulations of sarpogrelate (100‐mg tablets) was assessed by using the reference‐scaled average bioequivalence (RSABE) method, and the PK parameters were quantified in healthy Chinese subjects under fasting (n = 38) and fed (n = 35) conditions. In this open and randomized 4‐way replicate study, a single dose of sarpogrelate was administered followed by a 3‐day washout period. The sarpogrelate concentration in blood samples was measured by liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry within 6 hours (fasting) or 10 hours (fed) of drug administration, and the PK parameters were determined by a noncompartmental model. The bioequivalence of the 2 formulations under both conditions was assessed using the ratios of ln(peak concentration [Cmax]) and ln(area under the concentration‐time curve [AUC]) within the limits based on the RSABE method. The 90% CIs for the ratios of lnCmax, lnAUC0‐t, and lnAUC0‐∞ were 0.8531–1.1100, 0.9616–1.0737, and 0.9550–1.0684, respectively, under fasting conditions and 0.8918–1.1076, 0.9818–1.0694, and 0.9818–1.0686, respectively, under fed conditions, which were within the RSABE acceptance limits. Food intake decreased the systemic exposure and the Cmax of sarpogrelate by 0.9‐fold and 0.5‐fold, respectively.
Three‐dimensional sound reproduction in vehicle based on data mining technique
Authors: Zhang Maosheng , Hu Ruimin , Jiang Lin 
Published: October 2018

SummaryThree‐dimensional (3D) audio reproduction technique is a hot topic since MPEG proposed a proposal for 3D audio standard in 2012. The present 3D reproduction method is not available in vehicle because the loudspeaker configuration does not meet the requirements of the methods. In this paper, we develop a regression model to reproduce sound pressure in vehicle using a data mining algorithm. A big sound pressure dataset is established based on acoustic theory. We analyze this dataset and propose a stepwise regression model training and testing on this dataset. Both the Mean Square Error and Root Mean Square Error are rather small, and all the residuals such as raw residuals, Pearson Residuals, Studentized residuals, and Standardize residuals are small as well. The experiments indicate that the proposed reproduction system accurately simulates the theoretical sound reproduction system.
An incentive mechanism for crowdsourcing markets with social welfare maximization in cloud‐edge computing
Authors: Xu Xiaolong , Cai Qing , Zhang Guoming , Zhang Jie , Tian Wei , Zhang Xiaorui , Liu Alex X. 
Published: October 2018

SummaryCrowdsourcing is emerging as a powerful paradigm that utilizes the distributed devices to sense, collect, and upload data to satisfy the requirements of the users. Currently, with the popularity of edge computing, edge device users can act as recruiters or participants to publish or perform crowdsourcing tasks and share feedback. However, due to the individual selfishness, it is still a challenge to maximize the social welfare distribution of all the participants and the recruiters for the crowdsourcing market. In view of this challenge, an incentive mechanism for the crowdsourcing market with social welfare maximization in the cloud‐edge computing is designed in this paper. Technically, a double action model under the cloud‐edge computing framework is proposed first, which aims to maximize the social welfare maximization and meanwhile meet the demands of incentive compatibility, individual rationality, market clearing, and budget constraint. Secondly, a corresponding incentive mechanism is designed based on the double auction model to achieve the market fairness. Experimental evaluation and comparison analysis are conducted to validate the efficiency and effectiveness of the mechanism.
Statistical analysis of cloud characteristics in Northwest China based on Fengyun satellite data
Authors: Zhao Mengyue , Wu Jiaji , Jeon Gwanggil , Guo Xing 
Published: October 2018

SummaryThe northwest region in China located at arid and semiarid areas, atmospheric precipitation converted by the cloud is an important part of water resources, and if we fully utilize cloud for cloud‐water conversion to alleviate the scarcity of water, thereby it is particularly important to analyze the macroscopic characteristics and the changing trends of clouds in the northwest region. In this paper, the 2016 Level 1 data of Fengyun Satellite has been calibrated, corrected, and processed, using the improved multi‐spectral thresholding method to calculate cloud coverage and cloud classification data. The optical thickness inversion uses the SBDART (Santa Barbara DISORT Atmospheric Radiative Transfer) radiation transmission mode to establish a radiation look‐up table with optical thickness as a function variable under different conditions of observation geometry, underlying surface type, and atmospheric environment. The results show that the coverage of clouds in the northwest region accounts for about 45%, and the cloud coverage changes with the seasons. The classification of clouds mainly consists of high clouds, low clouds, and cumulonimbus. The optical thickness of clouds is largely distributed between 10 and 25.
LAR: Locality‐Aware Reconstruction for erasure‐coded distributed storage systems
Authors: Xu Fangliang , Wang Yijie , Pei Xiaoqiang , Ma Xingkong 
Published: October 2018

SummaryMany modern distributed storage systems adopt erasure coding to protect data from frequent server failures for cost reason. Reconstructing data in failed servers efficiently is vital to these erasure‐coded storage systems. To this end, tree‐structured reconstruction mechanisms where blocks are transmitted and combined through a reconstruction tree have been proposed. However, existing tree‐structured reconstruction mechanisms build reconstruction trees from the perspective of available network bandwidths between servers, which are fluctuating and difficult to measure. Besides, these reconstruction mechanisms cannot reduce data transmission. In this study, we overcome these limitations by proposing LAR, a locality‐aware tree‐structured reconstruction mechanism. LAR builds reconstruction trees from the perspective of data locality, which is stable and easy to obtain. More importantly, by building reconstruction trees that combine blocks closer to each other first, LAR can reduce the data transmitted through the network core and hence speed up reconstruction. We prove that a minimum spanning tree is an optimal reconstruction tree that minimizes core bandwidth usage. We also design and implement a general reconstruction framework that supports all tree‐structured reconstruction mechanisms and nearly all erasure codes. Large‐scale simulations on commonly deployed network topologies show that LAR consumes 20%–61% less core bandwidth than previous reconstruction mechanisms. Thorough experiments on a testbed consisting of 40 physical servers show that LAR improves proactive recovery throughput by 23% at least and improves degraded read rate by up to 68%.
Optimal matching between energy saving and traffic load for mobile multimedia communication
Authors: Chehri Abdellah , Jeon Gwanggil 
Published: October 2018

SummaryOptimizing cell locations of cellular networks is one of the most fundamental problems of network design. However, in order to meet a growing appetite for mobile data services, a large number of base stations are being deployed, which leads to tremendous energy consumption in cellular networks. This augmentation increases not only the system's capital and operational expenditure (CAPEX/OPEX) for mobile operators but also CO2 emissions. Besides the issue of meeting overwhelming traffic demands, network operators around the world now realize the importance of managing their cellular networks in an energy‐efficient manner. In this paper, we develop a self‐organizing framework for energy saving in orthogonal frequency‐division multiple‐access–based cellular access networks. We consider three different objectives, namely, coverage maximization, overlap minimization, and power consumption minimization, which is different from all existing works on energy saving in cellular networks.
Synthesis and characterization of Ca3Co4O9 thermoelectric ceramics using the slurry sintering method
Authors: Okuyama Tsuyoshi , Sugiyama Taiyo , Tahashi Masahiro , Goto Hideo , Natsume Tomoaki , Takahashi Makoto 
Published: October 2018

AbstractCa3Co4O9 samples were made by the sintering method using the slurry consisted of Ca3Co4O9 powder and Ca3Co4(OH)18 hydroxide in binder solution. The preparation conditions for making the crack free samples were examined, and we found that using the slurry having a mixing ratio of Ca3Co4O9 powder to 13 or 18 wt.% Ca3Co4(OH)18 hydroxide in binder solution of 10:1.5, samples with a few crack could be prepared. From SEM observation, it was found that the void density in Ca3Co4O9 samples could be controlled by the slurry sintering method. The electric conductivity (σ), Seebeck coefficient (S), and power factor (PF) of samples prepared by slurry sintering method at room temperature are 53 S/cm, 118 μV/K and 73.8 μW/m · K2, respectively. The power factor (PF) at 600°C was 173 μW/m · K2.
Polyphenol Content in Argentinean Commercial Extra Virgin Olive Oil
Authors: Castelli Gabriela , Bianco Ismael D. , Mizutamari Roxana Kiyomi 
Published: October 2018

Olive oil polyphenols are unique among all polyphenols, the only ones approved to claim health benefits. Since 2012, the European Commission has authorized the use of the claim “olive oil contributes to the protection of blood lipids from oxidative stress” only for those oils containing at least 5 mg of hydroxytyrosol and its derivatives (e.g., oleuropein complex and tyrosol) per 20 g of olive oil. Therefore, in order to examine the health attributes of olive oil from Argentinean producers in relation to that claimed effect, the content of hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol and their secoiridoid derivatives in commercial extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is evaluated. For this purpose, a simple and reliable methodology for the quantification of tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol by HPLC after hydrolysis of EVOO polar fraction, which leads to the release of hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol moieties from their conjugated forms has been implemented and validated. Two of the eleven analyzed EVOOs reach the polyphenol concentration required to use the above‐mentioned health claim if the mass differences between hydroxytyrosol, tyrosol, and their conjugated forms are considered in the calculation of their content. This study provides a current landscape of the polyphenol content in EVOOs produced in Argentina that can be helpful for the producers and also for the consumers, in the light of the health claim approved by the European Commission.Practical Applications: Applying a new validated simple and reliable methodology, only 2 of 11 analyzed commercial Argentinean EVOOs present the hydroxytyrosol, tyrosol, and their conjugated form concentrations, according to the requirement to claim such a health effect, such as prevention of LDL oxidation. Thus, Argentinean olive oil producers can be encouraged to upgrade their production regarding to polyphenol contents.The content of Htyr and its derivatives in commercial olive oil available at the local Cordoba – Argentine market is determined, using a simple and reliable methodology based on HPLC. Since the daily consume of 20 g of olive oil containing at least 5 mg of these compounds has been established to prevent oxidation of LDL, the obtained data give information about the accessibility to olive oil with such healthy properties for Argentine consumers.
Reconstructing ice‐flow fields from streamlined subglacial bedforms: A kriging approach
Authors: Ng Felix S. L. , Hughes Anna L. C. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe orientation of several landforms, e.g. drumlins, flutes, crag‐and‐tails, and mega‐scale glacial lineations, records the direction of the overlying ice flow that created them. Populations of such features are used routinely to infer former ice‐flow patterns, which serve as the building blocks of reconstructions of palaeo ice‐sheet evolution. Currently, the conceptualisation of flow patterns from these flow‐direction records is done manually and qualitatively, so the extractable glaciological information is limited. We describe a kriging method (with Matlab code implementation) that calculates continuous fields of ice‐flow direction, convergence, and curvature from the flow‐direction records, and which yields quantitative results with uncertainty estimates. We test the method by application to the subglacial bedforms of the Tweed Valley Basin, UK. The results quantify the convergent flow pattern of the Tweed Palaeo‐Ice Stream in detail and pinpoint its former lateral shear margins and where ice flowed around basal bumps. Ice‐flow parameters retrieved by this method can enrich ice‐sheet reconstructions and investigations of subglacial till processes and bedform genesis. © 2018 The Authors. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Model‐based forecast adjustment: With an illustration to inflation
Authors: Franses Philip Hans 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis paper introduces the idea of adjusting forecasts from a linear time series model where the adjustment relies on the assumption that this linear model is an approximation of a nonlinear time series model. This way of creating forecasts could be convenient when inference for a nonlinear model is impossible, complicated or unreliable in small samples. The size of the forecast adjustment can be based on the estimation results for the linear model and on other data properties such as the first few moments or autocorrelations.An illustration is given for a first‐order diagonal bilinear time series model, which in certain properties can be approximated by a linear ARMA(1, 1) model. For this case, the forecast adjustment is easy to derive, which is convenient as the particular bilinear model is indeed cumbersome to analyze in practice.An application to a range of inflation series for low‐income countries shows that such adjustment can lead to some improved forecasts, although the gain is small for this particular bilinear time series model.
Economic benefits of technical analysis in portfolio management: Evidence from global stock markets
Authors: Wang Jying‐Nan , Liu Hung‐Chun , Du Jiangze , Hsu Yuan‐Teng 
Published: October 2018

AbstractProducing good economic value in trading strategies for investors based on technical analysis is an issue of major interest in the academe and in practice. This study considers 9,555 trading rules and examines the usability of technical analysis. The double‐or‐out (DO) and the optimal‐portfolio (OP) strategies are used to investigate how investors construct their ass et allocation. The sample for empirical study is comprised of 20 major stock indexes from global markets as risky assets from 1998 to 2013. The DO strategy on average produces higher terminal wealth rather than does the buy‐and‐hold (BH) strategy, but the average utility (AU) of the former is worse than the latter. Nevertheless, using the OP strategy not only increases the terminal wealth of investors but also generates higher utility. Given a starting investment of one dollar and considering the best 100 trading rules, the DO and OP strategies result in average terminal wealth of 17.6 dollars and 5.9 dollars, respectively. In addition, in terms of AU, both of them are better than the BH strategy. These pieces of evidence demonstrate that investors who use an appropriate strategy of technical analysis in ass et allocation can produce good economic value, a finding that supports the continued use of technical analysis in practice.
Hydroxyapatite nanowires modified polylactic acid membrane plays barrier/osteoinduction dual roles and promotes bone regeneration in a rat mandible defect model
Authors: Han Jing , Ma Baojin , Liu Hongrui , Wang Ting , Wang Fang , Xie Chengjia , Li Minqi , Liu Hong , Ge Shaohua 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPeriodontitis is an inflammatory disease leading to tooth loss, alveolar bone absorption and disorder of masticatory function. Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) is one of the most common strategies for regeneration of lost periodontium. During surgical process, barrier membranes, and osteoinductive/osteoconductive materials should be placed, respectively, which may increase risks of infection, bleeding, and difficulty of operation. Here, we introduced a new kind of hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanowires modified polylactic acid (PLA) membrane to achieve barrier/osteoinduction dual functions. The physicochemical property measurements suggested the two sides of the composite membrane did not change after composition. Then a rat mandibular defect model was established to investigate barrier and osteoinductive effects of this composite membrane. After implantation, effects of functional cells engraftment and osteoinduction were detected by scanning electron microscope (SEM), histomorphometric measurement, immunohistochemical staining, and Micro‐CT scanning. SEM images showed HAp side engrafted more cells than PLA side. The result of immunohistochemical staining suggested HAp/PLA promoted the expression of bone‐related markers. Moreover, there were more newly formed bones with better quality in HAp/PLA group. Therefore, this composite membrane would be a promising biomaterial in tissue engineering for bone regeneration due to its barrier/osteoinduction dual functions. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 3099–3110, 2018.
Choosing Wisely for apheresis
Authors: Connelly‐Smith Laura , Tanhehco Yvette C. , Chhibber Vishesh , Delaney Meghan , Eichbaum Quentin , Fernandez Christine , Joshi Sarita , Schwartz Joseph , Linenberger Michael 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe Choosing Wisely campaign has stimulated clinicians to think about the appropriateness of various tests and procedures, compelling physicians to make smarter, safer and more effective choices for high quality patient care and to reduce healthcare cost. The American Society for Apheresis (ASFA) strives to advance apheresis medicine through education, evidence‐based practice, research and advocacy. To complement these shared missions, ASFA created a working group, consisting of representatives from the various ASFA committees, to produce recommendations for apheresis medicine that reflect the Choosing Wisely guiding principles. A diverse group of ASFA physician and allied health members reviewed, rated and ranked 9 original draft proposals. Additional revisions and refinements were made prior to external review and adoption of five final recommendations by the ASFA Board of Directors. The ASFA Choosing Wisely recommendations encourage apheresis practitioners, patients and donors to discuss and prioritize best clinical practices that avoid harm and waste while optimizing clinical benefit.
Therapeutic white blood cell and platelet depletions using the spectra OPTIA system continuous mononuclear cell protocol
Authors: Cates Nancy C. , Oakley Darlene J. , Onwuemene Oluwatoyosi A. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe Spectra Optia apheresis system has only recently been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for therapeutic white blood cell (WBC) depletions and is not yet approved for platelet depletions. Prior to FDA‐approval of the WBC depletion protocol, when our available COBE Spectra apheresis systems were out of service, we successfully performed WBC depletion using a modified Spectra Optia apheresis system Continuous Mononuclear Cell (CMNC) protocol. Using this modified Spectra Optia CMNC protocol, we created institutional protocols for WBC and platelet depletions. We performed 10 WBC depletions in 9 patients and 2 platelet depletions in 2 patients. We compared pre‐ and post‐procedure WBC, platelet count, and hemoglobin to the same data from patients previously treated on the COBE Spectra and found no difference in % WBC and platelet reduction. We also found no significant difference in post‐procedural hematocrit decline. Additionally, adverse reactions were not increased. Therefore, we conclude that the Spectra Optia CMNC protocol can be successfully modified for effective WBC and platelet depletions without increase in adverse reactions.