bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eliciting human intelligence: The effects of social exclusion and inclusion on information disclosure
Authors: Ask Karl , Ejelöv Emma , Granhag Pär Anders 
Published: September 2018

AbstractEliciting information from semicooperative sources presents a major challenge in investigative and intelligence settings. This research examines the role of the human need to belong in individuals' willingness to disclose critical information. We hypothesised that social exclusion would exert a threat to individuals' need to belong and self‐esteem, which would make them strive for social reconnection through sharing information with others. In two experiments (N = 150 and N = 135), social exclusion and inclusion were manipulated before participants were given the opportunity to disclose critical information in a semicooperative game setting (Study 1) or a mock intelligence interview (Study 2). Social exclusion did not influence information disclosure in any of the experiments. Instead, however, social inclusion unexpectedly increased information disclosure in the interview setting. We conclude that prior social experiences can influence the outcome of subsequent interviews, but the precise mechanisms underlying such influence are currently unknown.
Development of a ssDNA aptamer system with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) to detect nonylphenol ethoxylate in domestic detergent
Authors: Kim A‐Ru , Ha Na‐Reum , Jung In‐Pil , Kim Sang‐Heon , Yoon Moon‐Young 
Published: September 2018

AbstractEndocrine‐disrupting chemicals are a major public health problem throughout the world. In the human body, these compounds functionalize the same as sexual hormones, inducing precocious puberty, gynecomastia, etc. To help prevent this occurrence, a simple detection system is needed. In this study, a nonylphenol ethoxylate (NPE)‐specific aptamer was selected by reduced graphene oxide‐systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment. A random ssDNA library was incubated with rGO for adsorption, followed by elution with the target molecule. As a result of screening, a DNA aptamer was found that specifically bounds to the target with high binding affinity (Kd = 100.9 ± 13.2 nM) and had a low limit of detection (LOD = 696 pM). Furthermore, this NPE‐binding aptamer bounds selectively to the target. Characterization of the aptamer was confirmed by measuring the fluorescence signal recovery from rGO. In addition, detection of NPE was performed with several water samples, and the detection accuracy was 100 ± 10%. From these results, we expect that this aptamer could be applied to an on‐site detection system for NPE in industrial sites or domestic fields.
Magnetic Susceptibility and Fat Content in the Lumbar Spine of Postmenopausal Women With Varying Bone Mineral Density
Authors: Guo Yihao , Chen Yanjun , Zhang Xintao , Mei Yingjie , Yi Peiwei , Wang Yi , Feng Qianjin , Tegola Luciana La , Guglielmi Giuseppe , Zhang Xiaodong , Feng Yanqiu 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundOsteoporosis is a systemic disease characterized by low bone mass with increased fracture risk. Quantitative imaging biomarkers are important for accurately predicting fracture risk in patients with osteoporosis.PurposeTo prospectively study the changes of magnetic susceptibility and fat content in the lumbar spine of postmenopausal females with varying bone mineral density (BMD), and investigate their application to osteoporosis assessment.Study TypeCohort.PopulationIn all, 108 postmenopausal females (58.2 ± 6.7 [range 45–79] years old).Field Strength/SequenceQuantitative computed tomography (QCT) performed on a 64‐detector CT scanner; quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and mDixon quant MR imaging performed using a 3.0T imaging system with a 16‐channel posterior coil.AssessmentQCT, QSM, and mDixon were performed in 108 postmenopausal females to measure vertebral BMD, susceptibility, and proton‐density fat fraction (PDFF). Mean vertebral QSM and PDFF were compared among three BMD cohorts (normal, osteopenic, and osteoporotic). Receiver operating characteristic analyses were performed to evaluate the performance of QSM, PDFF, and QSM+PDFF for assessing osteoporosis.Statistical TestsParameters were compared using Kruskal–Wallis test and Pearson test.ResultsCompared with that of the normal BMD group (–17.0 ± 43.6 ppb), vertebral QSM was significantly increased in osteopenia (30.8 ± 47.0 ppb, P < 0.001), and further increased in osteoporosis (82.0 ± 39.9 ppb, P < 0.001). QSM was negatively correlated with BMD (r = –0.70, P < 0.001) and positively correlated with PDFF (r = 0.64, P < 0.001). Compared with the area under the curve (AUC) of PDFF, the AUC of QSM was higher in differentiating between normal and osteoporosis (P = 0.44), and between osteopenia and osteoporosis (P = 0.13), but without statistical significance. The AUC of QSM+PDFF was significantly higher than that of PDFF for differentiating between osteopenia and osteoporosis (0.82 vs. 0.70, P = 0.039).Data ConclusionThe combination of vertebral susceptibility and fat content may be a promising marker for assessing postmenopausal osteoporosis.Level of Evidence: 1Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;49:1020–1028.
Diffusion Tensor Imaging of Tibial and Common Peroneal Nerves in Patients With Guillain–Barre Syndrome: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Cao Jinfeng , He Bing , Wang Shanshan , Zhou Zhongmin , Gao Fei , Xiao Lianxiang , Luo Xin , Wu Chao , Gong Tao , Chen Weibo , Wang Guangbin 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundThe development of a noninvasive, objective, and accurate method to assess peripheral nerve disorders in Guillain–Barre syndrome (GBS) is of clinical significance. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has been used to evaluate some peripheral nerve disorders.PurposeTo investigate the feasibility of DTI in evaluating the peripheral nerve disorders in patients with GBS.Study TypeCase control.SubjectsTwenty GBS patients and 16 healthy volunteers.Field Strength/Sequence3.0T, T1WI‐SE, T2WI‐SPAIR, DTI; electrophysiology.AssessmentMRI data were analyzed by two radiologists blindly and independently. Fractional anisotropy (FA), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), axial diffusion coefficient (AD), and radial diffusion coefficient (RD) values of tibial nerve (TN) and common peroneal nerve (CPN) were recorded. Motor nerve conduction velocity (MCV) and motor nerve conduction amplitude of TN and CPN were recorded.Statistical TestsIntraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), t‐test, receiver‐operating characteristic (ROC), and area under the curve (AUC) analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient.ResultsThe FA and AD values of TN and CPN in the GBS group were significantly lower and the ADC and RD values were higher than those in the controls (P <0.05). The AUC of the FA values (0.970 for TN and 0.927 for CPN) were higher than that of the ADC, AD, and RD values. FA and AD values were positively correlated and ADC, RD values were negatively correlated with MCV and motor nerve conduction amplitude, respectively (P <0.05). The correlations between FA value and electrophysiology parameters were the highest.Data ConclusionDTI quantitative parameters could evaluate the disorders of peripheral nerves in patients with GBS. A moderate correlation was observed between DTI and electrophysiology parameters.Level of Evidence: 3Technical Efficacy: Stage 1J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;49:1356–1364.
Quantitative Identification of Nonmuscle‐Invasive and Muscle‐Invasive Bladder Carcinomas: A Multiparametric MRI Radiomics Analysis
Authors: Xu Xiaopan , Zhang Xi , Tian Qiang , Wang Huanjun , Cui Long‐Biao , Li Shurong , Tang Xing , Li Baojuan , Dolz Jose , Ayed Ismail ben , Liang Zhengrong , Yuan Jing , Du Peng , Lu Hongbing , Liu Yang 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundPreoperative discrimination between nonmuscle‐invasive bladder carcinomas (NMIBC) and the muscle‐invasive ones (MIBC) is very crucial in the management of patients with bladder cancer (BC).PurposeTo evaluate the discriminative performance of multiparametric MRI radiomics features for precise differentiation of NMIBC from MIBC, preoperatively.Study TypeRetrospective, radiomics.PopulationFifty‐four patients with postoperative pathologically proven BC lesions (24 in NMIBC and 30 in MIBC groups) were included.Field Strength/Sequence3.0T MRI/T2‐weighted (T2W) and multi‐b‐value diffusion‐weighted (DW) sequences.AssessmentA total of 1104 radiomics features were extracted from carcinomatous regions of interest on T2W and DW images, and the apparent diffusion coefficient maps. Support vector machine with recursive feature elimination (SVM‐RFE) and synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) were used to construct an optimal discriminative model, and its performance was evaluated and compared with that of using visual diagnoses by experts.Statistical TestsChi‐square test and Student's t‐test were applied on clinical characteristics to analyze the significant differences between patient groups.ResultsOf the 1104 features, an optimal subset involving 19 features was selected from T2W and DW sequences, which outperformed the other two subsets selected from T2W or DW sequence in muscle invasion discrimination. The best performance for the differentiation task was achieved by the SVM‐RFE+SMOTE classifier, with averaged sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and area under the curve of receiver operating characteristic of 92.60%, 100%, 96.30%, and 0.9857, respectively, which outperformed the diagnostic accuracy by experts.Data ConclusionThe proposed radiomics approach has potential for the accurate differentiation of muscle invasion in BC, preoperatively. The optimal feature subset selected from multiparametric MR images demonstrated better performance in identifying muscle invasiveness when compared with that from T2W sequence or DW sequence only.Level of Evidence: 3Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;49:1489–1498.
Quantification of protein markers monitoring the pre‐analytical effect of blood storage time before plasma isolation using 15N metabolically labeled recombinant proteins
Authors: Ahn Hee‐Sung , Park Seong‐Jun , Jung Hyun‐Gyo , Woo Se Joon , Lee Cheolju 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn the hospital, blood samples are collected to monitor patients' health states, and thus various protein‐based clinical methods have been developed. However, some proteins are found to change in abundances during the process of blood collection and storage. In order to account such pre‐analytical effects, we performed liquid chromatography multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry (LC‐MRM‐MS) on 15 selected proteins in plasma samples prepared by varying storage time and temperature of whole blood prior to plasma isolation. Two cytosolic proteins, profilin‐1 (PFN1) and thymosin beta‐4 (TMSB4X), were absolutely quantified using 15N‐labeled recombinant proteins spiked externally. The other 13 proteins were quantified in a relative way compared with the two reference proteins. Triplicated LC‐MRM‐MS measurements showed that the median CV of MRM peak areas was 5.7%. The amounts of PFN1 and TMSB4X increased rapidly depending on the storage time between blood collection and plasma preparation. It indicates the leakage of cellular components into the plasma fraction. Relative quantification further revealed that five proteins including PFN1, S10A8, S10A9, S10A11, and TMSB4X showed significant difference (P < 0.05). We further monitored PFN1 and TMSB4X on 40 samples collected for protein diagnostics under a typical clinical study condition. Compared with the plasma samples prepared within a day, the level of both PFN1 and TMSB4X increased in the plasma samples prepared from the blood collected the day before and kept overnight at 4°C (0.51 to 3.11 μg/mL for PFN1 and 0.98 to 5.36 μg/mL for TMSB4X in average). Our result suggests an effort of assuring plasma quality for accurate protein‐based diagnosis or biomarker discovery and validation.
Author Response to “Unraveling Methodology to Ensure the Search for Optimal Nutrition Quantity in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Remains INTACT”
Authors: Peterson Sarah J. , Lateef Omar B. , Freels Sally , McKeever Liam , Braunschweig Carol A. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWe thank Drs. Patel, Martindale, and Heyland1 for their interest in our most recent study2 exploring the role of early exposure to recommended energy delivery in critically ill patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Their stated concerns center around 3 major areas: (1) the comparability of the population in our study2 with those of INTACT (Intensive Nutrition in Acute Lung Injury: A Clinical Trial); (2) their confusion on the analysis of the relationship between the likelihood of death with energy exposure (table 1 in our article2); and (3) their apparent misunderstanding of type I error, type II error, P‐values, and power analysis. Our responses to each of these areas are detailed as follows.
Plasma‐Activated Substrate with a Tropoelastin Anchor for the Maintenance and Delivery of Multipotent Adult Progenitor Cells
Authors: Yeo Giselle C. , Kosobrodova Elena , Kondyurin Alexey , McKenzie David R. , Bilek Marcela M. , Weiss Anthony S. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractConventional wound therapy utilizes wound coverage to prevent infection, trauma, and fluid and thermal loss. However, this approach is often inadequate for large and/or chronic wounds, which require active intervention via therapeutic cells to promote healing. To address this need, a patch which delivers multipotent adult progenitor cells (MAPCs) is developed. Medical‐grade polyurethane (PU) films are modified using plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII), which creates a radical‐rich layer capable of rapidly and covalently attaching biomolecules. It is demonstrated that a short treatment duration of 400 s maximizes surface activation and wettability, minimizes reduction in gas permeability, and preserves the hydrolytic resistance of the PU film. The reactivity of PIII‐treated PU is utilized to immobilize the extracellular matrix protein tropoelastin in a functional conformation that stably withstands medical‐grade ethylene oxide sterilization. The PIII‐treated tropoelastin‐functionalized patch significantly promotes MAPC adhesion and proliferation over standard PU, while fully maintaining cell phenotype. Topical application of the MAPC‐seeded patch transfers cells to a human skin model, while undelivered MAPCs repopulate the patch surface for subsequent cell transfer. The potential of this new wound patch as a reservoir for the sustained delivery of therapeutic MAPCs and cell‐secreted factors for large and/or non‐healing wounds is indicated in the findings.
Mark–Recapture Validation of Pectoral Fin Ray Age Estimation for Lake Sturgeon
Authors: Hessenauer Jan-Michael , Utrup Brad E. , Briggs Andrew S. , Wills Todd C. , Thomas Michael V. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Age estimation is an integral part of fisheries management and is critical for evaluations of growth, mortality, and recruitment. Validation of ages obtained from age estimation of hard parts is a necessary part of the aging process because understanding the magnitude of error and bias associated with structure interpretation provides context for managers using the data. However, validation studies on large-bodied and long-lived species, such as Lake Sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens, are challenging. We utilized a 20-year mark–recapture dataset from Lake St. Clair and the St. Clair River, Michigan, to validate pectoral fin ray age estimates from 51 individuals that were sampled twice, with 2 to 17 years between capture–recapture events. Samples were divided into four quartiles based on mean annual growth rates during their time at large (mean growth for quartiles = 0.6 cm/year, 2.1 cm/year, 3.7 cm/year, and 5.1 cm/year). Age error was defined as the difference between the estimated age of the fish at first and second capture and the number of years at large. No difference in time at large existed among the four groups, but age error differed among the four groups. Additionally, age error did not differ from zero for the two fastest-growing quartiles but did differ significantly from zero for the two slowest-growing quartiles. We conclude that for Lake Sturgeon growing faster than 3 cm/year (generally less than 100 cm TL) pectoral fin rays provide valid age estimates. Managers should evaluate the growth rates of Lake Sturgeon in their populations to determine a size threshold for using fin rays for age determination.
Sheepshead Foraging Patterns at Oil and Gas Platforms in the Northern Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Reeves David B. , Chesney Edward J. , Munnelly Ryan T. , Baltz Donald M. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
In the northern Gulf of Mexico, there are over 2,000 oil and gas platforms (hereafter, “platforms”) that are de facto artificial reefs. The ecological importance of platforms is the subject of debate, but little information exists on the extent to which fish feed on platform-dwelling benthic organisms. We used a camera array to characterize the frequency and duration of incidents in which Sheepshead Archosargus probatocephalus foraged on platform-dwelling benthic organisms. We also characterized abundances and distributions of select platform-dwelling benthic organisms (barnacles, blennies, and stone crabs). Sheepshead foraging was more strongly associated with dissolved oxygen (DO, mg/L; measured at each camera) and time to slack tide (high or low) than other biological (prey densities), physiochemical, locational, or temporal variables. The number of Sheepshead foraging incidents increased by 18.9 incidents·m−2·h−1 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.6–33.3) when DO increased by 1.0 mg/L; foraging incidents increased by 4.5 incidents·m−2·h−1 (95% CI = 1.6–7.4) when time to slack tide increased by 1.0 h. The time Sheepshead spent foraging increased by 245.4 s·m−2·h−1 (95% CI = 144.1–346.7) when DO increased by 1.0 mg/L, and time spent foraging increased by 78.0 s·m−2·h−1 (95% CI = 60.5–95.5) when time to slack tide increased by 1.0 h. Abundances of barnacles and blennies decreased with increasing depth. The presence of hypoxia near the seafloor during the late summer appeared to cause barnacle mortality, which shifted barnacle depth distributions upward (i.e., 1–3 m shallower). Platform-dwelling benthic organisms persisted throughout the hypoxia season and served as prey for Sheepshead.
Assessing Dietary Intake in the Management of Obesity
Authors: O'Neil Patrick M. 
Published: September 2018

O'NEIL, PATRICK M. Assessing dietary intake in the management of obesity. Obes Res. 2001;9:361S–366S.This paper focuses on assessing the caloric‐intake side of the energy balance equation in clinical settings. In the treatment of obesity, dietary assessment may have many purposes including the following: 1) establishing a baseline of eating patterns to determine targets of intervention and to gauge progress, 2) providing a means of monitoring change in the targeted dietary areas and behaviors, and 3) allowing for ongoing feedback to the patient. The types of data to be gathered in dietary assessment will depend on the purposes of the assessment. The nature, advantages, and disadvantages of the following dietary assessment methods are reviewed: 24‐hour recall, diet history interview and questionnaire, and self‐monitoring. When used on an ongoing basis in treatment, self‐monitoring enhances weight‐loss outcomes. However, compliance with self‐monitoring varies widely across patients and over time. Possible methods of increasing compliance are discussed. Recent technological advances in software and hardware systems offer promise in improving compliance and effectiveness of self‐monitoring.
Cytotoxic activity of difluoromethylornithine compared with fenretinide in neuroblastoma cell lines
Authors: Makena Monish R. , Cho Hwang Eui , Nguyen Thinh H. , Koneru Balakrishna , Verlekar Dattesh U. , Hindle Ashly , Kang Min H. , Reynolds C. Patrick 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundMaintenance therapy with 13‐cis‐retinoic acid and immunotherapy (given after completion of intensive cytotoxic therapy) improves outcome for high‐risk neuroblastoma patients. The synthetic retinoid fenretinide (4‐HPR) achieved multiple complete responses in relapse/refractory neuroblastoma in early‐phase clinical trials, has low systemic toxicity, and has been considered for maintenance therapy clinical trials. Difluoromethylornithine (DFMO, an irreversible inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase with minimal single‐agent clinical response data) is being used for maintenance therapy of neuroblastoma. We evaluated the cytotoxic activity of DFMO and fenretinide in neuroblastoma cell lines.ProcedureWe tested 16 neuroblastoma cell lines in bone marrow‐level hypoxia (5% O2) using the DIMSCAN cytotoxicity assay. Polyamines were measured by HPLC–mass spectrometry and apoptosis by transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) using flow cytometry.ResultsAt clinically achievable levels (100 μM), DFMO significantly decreased (P < 0.05) polyamine putrescine and achieved modest cytotoxicity (<1 log (90% cytotoxicity). Prolonged exposures (7 days) or culture in 2% and 20% O2 did not enhance DFMO cytotoxicity. However, fenretinide (10 μM) even at a concentration lower than clinically achievable in neuroblastoma patients (20 μM) induced ≥ 1 log cell kill in 14 cell lines. The average IC90 and IC99 of fenretinide was 4.7 ± 1 μM and 9.9 ± 1.8 μM, respectively. DFMO did not induce a significant increase (P > 0.05) in apoptosis (TUNEL assay). Apoptosis by fenretinide was significantly higher (P < 0.001) compared with DFMO or controls.ConclusionsDFMO as a single agent has minimal cytotoxic activity for neuroblastoma cell lines.
Transition to adult care in sickle cell disease: A longitudinal study of clinical characteristics and disease severity
Authors: Kayle Mariam , Docherty Sharron L. , Sloane Richard , Tanabe Paula , Maslow Gary , Pan Wei , Shah Nirmish 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundSickle cell disease (SCD) is a chronic blood disorder in which mortality has increased for adolescents and young adults (AYA).ProcedureA longitudinal analysis of medical records was conducted to describe the clinical course among AYAs (ages 12–27 years) during transition to adult care. Measures included sociodemographic, complications, SCD severity (modified pediatric SCD severity index), comorbidities, and transfer. Group‐based trajectory modeling (GBTM) to identify subgroups with distinct severity trajectories and chi‐square and unpaired Student t test to explore subgroup differences were used.ResultsOverall, 339 AYAs (97% black, 56% male, 69% hemoglobin SS) had 10 848 clinic, 3840 hospital, and 3152 emergency department visits. Complications included vaso‐occlusive crises (80%) and acute chest syndrome (41%). Comorbidities included depression (19%) and anxiety (14%). Most AYAs transferred to adult care (n = 220) at 19 years. Fourteen AYAs died, 10 within seven years from transfer. GBTM identified both stable and increasing severity trajectory groups: stable‐low (n = 31, 23%), stable‐medium (n = 61, 46%), stable‐high (n = 6, 4.5%), low‐increasing (n = 13, 10%), and medium‐increasing (n = 22, 17%). AYAs with increasing severity (25%) were older, lived closer to the clinic, and had higher risk for SCD complications and comorbidities. They had fewer pediatric clinic visits; however, they were more likely to transfer and remain longer in adult SCD care.ConclusionsWhereas most AYAs had stable severity, nearly a quarter had increasing severity, over time. AYAs with increasing severity had more complications, were more likely to transfer to adult care, and demonstrated higher and longer adult SCD care utilization compared with AYAs with stable severity.