bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of the 6S Dialogue Tool to facilitate person‐centred palliative care
Authors: Henoch Ingela , Österlind Jane 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimsTo develop and psychometrically test the 6S Dialogue Tool.BackgroundThe 6S Dialogue Tool was elaborated to provide knowledge to nurses about patients’ preferences in congruence with the 6S person‐centred palliative care model, which includes the S‐concepts of self‐image, symptom relief, self‐determination, social relationships, synthesis and strategies. The tool needs to be scrutinized for appropriateness.DesignA qualitative study investigating construct validity of the 6S Dialogue Tool.MethodsForty‐six patients in palliative care services in Sweden responded to 15 questions from May 2015 ‐ August 2016. Responses were analysed with qualitative content analysis.ResultsSix categories, capturing the meaning of the 6S‐concepts, were formulated: Maintaining everyday life; Challenges in everyday life; Maintaining control; Maintaining selected relationships; Appraisal of life; and Appraisal of the future.ConclusionThe responses to the 6S Dialogue Tool questions reflect the intent of the 6S‐concepts. Nurses should integrate the 6S‐concepts and the questions in their approach to facilitate to co‐create meaningful palliative care in dialogue with the patient.ImpactPatients’ preferences must be explored to co‐create palliative care in accordance with their own needs and beliefs. The 6S Dialogue Tool questions are suitable for obtaining patients’ preferences and could be used as an approach in palliative care. Patients, families and nurses will have the potential to co‐create palliative care and to improve possibilities for patients to have an appropriate death.
Integrative review; identifying the evidence base for policymaking and analysis in health care
Authors: Kennedy Catriona , O’Reilly Pauline , O’Connell Rhona , O’Leary Denise , Fealy Gerard , Hegarty Josephine‐Mary , Brady Anne‐Marie , Nicholson Emma , McNamara Martin , Casey Mary 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimThe aim of this was to identify and synthesize the evidence underpinning the health policymaking process to inform the development of a health‐related policy analysis framework.DesignA mixed methods review using “Best Fit” Framework synthesis.Data SourcesPUBMED and CINAHL+ databases for English language papers published between March 2013 – March 2017.Review MethodsTitles were screened, data abstracted and analysed by two authors at each stage. Findings from included studies were coded against six a priori categories which had been constructed through a preliminary literature review, consultation and consensus.ResultsSixty‐eight papers were included. There exists empirical support for six key domains which require to be addressed in the policymaking and analysis process: (1) Context; (2) Process; (3) Content; (4) Stakeholder Consultation; (5) Implementation; and (6) Evaluation. Failure to contextualize and integrate these six domains in problem identification, policy analysis, strategy and policy development, policy enactment and policy implementation is problematic.ConclusionThere is a need to test and refine the constructs linked to the policymaking cycle taking cognizance of the context where these are developed, implemented and evaluated.ImpactThis review makes a novel contribution to the synthesis of evidence to inform the policymaking and analysis process. Findings illuminate the complexity of policymaking, the competing pressures involved and the importance of the local, national and international context. These findings have international relevance and provide empirical support for key criteria to guide those involved in context specific policymaking and/or the analysis of existing policy.
MAGE genes: Prognostic indicators in AL amyloidosis patients
Authors: Liu Yang , Wen Lei , Ma Ling , Kang Ying , Liu Kai‐Yan , Huang Xiao‐Jun , Ruan Guo‐Rui , Lu Jin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA high frequency of MAGE‐CT (cancer testis) antigens are expressed in Multiple Myeloma (MM) patients; however, in other plasma cell dyscrasias, their potential function remains unclear. We measured the expression of MAGE‐CT genes (MAGE‐C1/CT7, MAGE‐A3, MAGE‐C2/CT10) in 105 newly diagnosed amyloid light‐chain (AL) amyloidosis patients between June 2013 and January 2018 at Peking University People's Hospital using real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In the newly diagnosed AL patients, the positive expression rates of patients with MAGE‐C1/CT7, MAGE‐C2/CT10 and MAGE‐A3 were 83.8% (88/105), 56.71% (38/67) and 22.0% (13/59) respectively. There was no significant correlation between organ propensity and MAGE‐CT gene expression. Changes in the MAGE‐C1/CT7 levels were consistent with a therapeutic effect. The expression levels of MAGE‐C1/CT7, MAGE‐C2/CT10 and MAGE‐A3 provide potentially effective clinical indicators for auxiliary diagnoses and monitoring treatment efficacy in AL amyloidosis patients.
Systematic profiling identifies PDLIM2 as a novel prognostic predictor for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC)
Authors: Song Guiqin , Xu Jun , He Lang , Sun Xiao , Xiong Rong , Luo Yuxi , Hu Xin , Zhang Ruolan , Yue Qiuju , Liu Kang , Feng Gang 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTill now, no appropriate biomarkers for high‐risk population screening and prognosis prediction have been identified for patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In this study, by the combined use of data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)‐oesophageal carcinoma (ESCA), we aimed to screen dysregulated genes with prognostic value in ESCC and the genetic and epigenetic alterations underlying the dysregulation. About 222 genes that had at least fourfold change in ESCC compared with adjacent normal tissues were identified using the microarray data in GDS3838. Among these genes, only PDLIM2 was associated with nodal invasion and overall survival (OS) at the same time. The high PDLIM2 expression group had significantly longer OS and its expression was independently associated with better OS (HR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.43‐0.95, P = 0.03), after adjustment for gender and pathologic stages. The expression of its exon 7/8/9/10 had the highest AUC value (0.724) and better prognostic value (HR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.22‐0.83, P = 0.01) than total PDLIM2 expression. PDLIM2 DNA copy deletion was common in ESCC and was associated with decreased gene expression. The methylation status of two CpG sites (cg23696886 and cg20449614) in the proximal promoter region of PDLIM2 showed a moderate negative correlation with the gene expression in PDLIM2 copy neutral/amplification group. In conclusion, we infer that PDLIM2 expression might be a novel prognostic indicator for ESCC patients. Its exon 7/8/9/10 expression had the best prognostic value. Its down‐regulation might be associated with gene‐level copy deletion and promoter hypermethylation.
Proinsulin is sensitive to reflect glucose intolerance
Authors: Nakamura Akinobu , Miyoshi Hideaki , Ukawa Shigekazu , Nakamura Koshi , Nakagawa Takafumi , Terauchi Yasuo , Tamakoshi Akiko , Atsumi Tatsuya 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAims/IntroductionWe investigated associations between glucose tolerance and β‐cell function using a series of estimation methods in a population‐based study.Materials and MethodsData from the Dynamics of Lifestyle and Neighborhood Community on Health Study were analyzed. A total of 489 participants (263 women) were divided into three groups: normal glucose tolerance (NGT), prediabetes (PDM) and diabetes group. We estimated β‐cell function by the homeostasis model assessment of β‐cell function, proinsulin level (PI), C‐peptide index, proinsulin‐to‐C‐peptide ratio (PI/CPR) and proinsulin‐to‐insulin ratio. Because data on all five parameters of β‐cell function showed skewed distributions, the values of these parameters were normalized by natural logarithmic (ln) transformation. Next, the association between glucose tolerance and β‐cell function among participants without diabetes was examined. In this analysis, glucose tolerance was assessed based on glycated hemoglobin levels.ResultsIn the crude analysis, ln(PI) and ln(PI/CPR) were significantly higher in the diabetes group than those in the PDM and NGT groups, and these parameters were significantly higher in the PDM group than in the NGT group. Only ln(PI) in the PDM group was significantly higher compared with that in the NGT group after adjustment for age, sex and body mass index (ln[PI]: PDM group 2.38 pmol/L, 95% confidence interval 2.29–2.47 pmol/L; NGT group 2.17 pmol/L, 95% confidence interval 2.12–2.22 pmol/L; P < 0.05). In addition, ln(PI) levels were significantly and positively correlated with glycated hemoglobin quartile in participants without diabetes.ConclusionsOur results showed that PI was the most sensitive to reflect glucose intolerance.
Miss Mexico's Dress: The Struggle over Reproductive Governance in Jalisco, Mexico
Authors: Morgan Lynn M. 
Published: June 2019

ResumenCuando surgió una controversia sobre el diseño del vestido de Miss México en 2007, no quedó claro de inmediato cómo la disputa estaba relacionada con la política del aborto. Este artículo analiza el vestido ‐un himno a la rebelión Cristera que tuvo lugar en el centro‐occidente de México desde 1926‐29‐ como parte de un esfuerzo concertado de parte de activistas católicos en Jalisco para revivir los recuerdos de la rebelión Cristera y enmarcar la legalización del aborto en la Ciudad de México como otro capítulo de una larga historia de persecución religiosa. El aborto, argumento, es un vehículo a través del cual las distinciones entre el gobierno secular y el religioso se constituyen en el México postpriísta. La importancia del vestido de Miss México muestra cómo las tensiones clericales y anticlericales llegaron a centrarse en las disputas sobre los derechos sexuales y reproductivos, y cómo la gobernanza reproductiva en México se basa en tensiones entre tendencias secularistas y religiosas. [México, políticas de género, iglesia católica, derechos reproductivos, Cristiada]
Probing activation‐induced neurochemical changes using optogenetics combined with functional magnetic resonance spectroscopy: a feasibility study in the rat primary somatosensory cortex
Authors: Just Nathalie , Faber Cornelius 
Published: June 2019

AbstractKnowledge about biochemical processes is a prerequisite for a better understanding of mechanisms underlying brain activity. 1H functional magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H‐fMRS) at high magnetic fields allows for the non‐invasive measurement of metabolic changes during brain activation. Optogenetics, on the other hand, has revolutionized the field of neuroscience. It was previously coupled with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) techniques in rodents enabling population‐specific targeting of cells, investigating brain networks with unprecedented in vivo precision. The coupling of optogenetics and 1H‐fMRS is expected to enhance the specificity of metabolic readouts to validate neuro‐energetic theories underlying brain activity. To date, the feasibility of combining optogenetic stimulation with fMRS has not been explored. We used green laser stimulation delivered through an optical fiber implanted superficially above the primary somatosensory forelimb cortex (S1FL) of rats expressing the C1V1 opsin in excitatory neurons. A protocol for the acquisition of functional 1H MR spectra upon optogenetic stimulation without craniotomy‐induced artefacts was established. Quantification of metabolite concentrations in S1FL upon optogenetic and electrical forepaw stimulation demonstrated significantly increased glutamate levels (+8.8% and +9.9%, p < 0.05 respectively), which were compensated by decreased glutamine levels (−17% and −18%, p < 0.05 respectively). Our results demonstrate for the first time the feasibility of combining optogenetic control and functional MR spectroscopy (o‐fMRS) in the rat somatosensory cortex, opening new possibilities for monitoring the energetic demands of specific cell populations and for exploring the underpinnings of energy metabolism during brain activity.Open Science BadgesThis article has received a badge for *Open Materials* because it provided all relevant information to reproduce the study in the manuscript. The complete Open Science Disclosure form for this article can be found at the end of the article. More information about the Open Practices badges can be found at https://cos.io/our-services/open-science-badges/.
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Astrocyte‐specific transcriptome analysis using the ALDH1L1 bacTRAP mouse reveals novel biomarkers of astrogliosis in response to neurotoxicity
Authors: Michalovicz Lindsay T. , Kelly Kimberly A. , Vashishtha Saurabh , Ben‐Hamo Rotem , Efroni Sol , Miller Julie V. , Locker Alicia R. , Sullivan Kimberly , Broderick Gordon , Miller Diane B. , O’Callaghan James P. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractNeurotoxicology is hampered by the inability to predict regional and cellular targets of toxicant‐induced damage. Evaluating astrogliosis overcomes this problem because reactive astrocytes highlight the location of toxicant‐induced damage. While enhanced expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein is a hallmark of astrogliosis, few other biomarkers have been identified. However, bacterial artificial chromosome ‐ translating ribosome affinity purification (bacTRAP) technology allows for characterization of the actively translating transcriptome of a particular cell type; use of this technology in aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member L1 (ALDH1L1) bacTRAP mice can identify genes selectively expressed in astrocytes. The aim of this study was to characterize additional biomarkers of neurotoxicity‐induced astrogliosis using ALDH1L1 bacTRAP mice. The known dopaminergic neurotoxicant 1‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine (MPTP; 12.5 mg/kg s.c.) was used to induce astrogliosis. Striatal tissue was obtained 12, 24, and 48 h following exposure for the isolation of actively translating RNA. Subsequently, MPTP‐induced changes in this RNA pool were analyzed by microarray and 184 statistically significant, differentially expressed genes were identified. The dataset was interrogated by gene ontology, pathway, and co‐expression network analyses, which identified novel genes, as well as those with known immune and inflammatory functions. Using these analyses, we were directed to several genes associated with reactive astrocytes. Of these, TIMP1 and miR‐147 were identified as candidate biomarkers because of their robust increased expression following both MPTP and trimethyl tin exposures. Thus, we have demonstrated that bacTRAP can be used to identify new biomarkers of astrogliosis and aid in the characterization of astrocyte phenotypes induced by toxicant exposures.Open Science BadgesThis article has received a badge for *Open Materials* because it provided all relevant information to reproduce the study in the manuscript. The complete Open Science Disclosure form for this article can be found at the end of the article. More information about the Open Practices badges can be found at https://cos.io/our-services/open-science-badges/.
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Cover Image for this issue: doi: 10.1111/jnc.14518.
Sensory ataxia rating scale: Development and validation of a functional scale for patients with sensory neuronopathies
Authors: Martinez Alberto R. M. , Martins Melina P. , Martins Carlos R. , Faber Ingrid , de Rezende Thiago J. R. , Nucci Anamarli , França Marcondes C. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSensory neuronopathies (SN) result from dorsal root ganglia damage and manifest with a combination of sensory deficits and proprioceptive ataxia. Characterization of the natural history and development of therapeutic trials are hampered by the lack of clinical scales that capture the whole spectrum of SN‐related manifestations. We propose and validate a rating instrument for SN. Three experienced neuromuscular specialists developed items to rate SN. The resultant instrument was later validated by the assessment of the intra‐class correlation coefficient, for inter‐rater validity in 48 SN patients, and later in a smaller subset of 16 patients to assess its intra‐rater validity. Standardized Crombach's alpha and Oblimin rotation analysis were performed to verify internal consistency and items' relationship, respectively. Evaluation of Sensory Ataxia Rating Scale (SEARS)'s external validity was performed by comparison to: scale for the assessment and rating of ataxia (SARA), Beck balance scale (BBS), and INCAT sensory sum score (ISS). A 10‐item scale with an intra‐class correlation coefficient >0.95 for intra‐ and inter‐rating measurements with a good internal consistency (standardized Cronbach's alpha of 0.83) were observed. There was a normal distribution of the scores without a floor or ceiling effect. A moderate to good correlation between SEARS and SARA, BBS, and ISS was observed. SEARS is a reliable, easy‐to‐perform and consistent instrument to rate SN. Larger cohorts and multicenter studies are needed to validate its usefulness towards possible treatment trials.
Regional maps of rib cortical bone thickness and cross‐sectional geometry
Authors: Holcombe Sven A. , Kang Yun‐Seok , Derstine Brian A. , Wang Stewart C. , Agnew Amanda M. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractHere we present detailed regional bone thickness and cross‐sectional measurements from full adult ribs using high resolution CT scans processed with a cortical bone mapping technique. Sixth ribs from 33 subjects ranging from 24 to 99 years of age were used to produce average cortical bone thickness maps and to provide average ± 1SD corridors for expected cross‐section properties (cross‐sectional areas and inertial moments) as a function of rib length. Results obtained from CT data were validated at specific rib locations using direct measurements from cut sections. Individual thickness measurements from CT had an accuracy (mean error) and precision (SD error) of −0.013 ± 0.167 mm (R2 coefficient of determination of 0.84). CT‐based measurement errors for rib cross‐sectional geometry were −0.1 ± 13.1% (cortical bone cross‐sectional area) and 4.7 ± 1.8% (total cross‐sectional area). Rib cortical bone thickness maps show the expected regional variation across a typical rib's surface. The local mid‐rib maxima in cortical thickness along the pleural rib aspect ranged from range 0.9 to 2.6 mm across the study population with an average map maximum of 1.4 mm. Along the cutaneous aspect, rib cortical bone thickness ranged from 0.7 to 1.9 mm with an average map thickness of 0.9 mm. Average cross‐sectional properties show a steady reduction in total cortical bone area from 10% along the rib's length through to the sternal end, whereas overall cross‐sectional area remains relatively constant along the majority of the rib's length before rising steeply towards the sternal end. On average, male ribs contained more cortical bone within a given cross‐section than was seen for female ribs. Importantly, however, this difference was driven by male ribs having larger overall cross‐sectional areas, rather than by sex differences in the bone thickness observed at specific local cortex sites. The cortical bone thickness results here can be used directly to improve the accuracy of current human body and rib models. Furthermore, the measurement corridors obtained from adult subjects across a wide age range can be used to validate future measurements from more widely available image sources such as clinical CT where gold standard reference measures (e.g. such as direct measurements obtained from cut sections) are otherwise unobtainable.
Anatomical and ultrasound‐based injections for sunken upper eyelid correction
Authors: Tansatit Tanvaa , Phumyoo Thirawass , Jitaree Benrita , Sahraoui Yasmina M. E. , Lee Joo Heon 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundA needle or a cannula can be safely used during filler injection procedures to correct a sunken upper eyelid. To date, there are no precise injection points recommended that are based on an anatomical study.ObjectiveThis study systematically investigated the vascular pattern and depth of forehead arteries at the periorbital area of upper eyelid.MethodsTwenty cadavers were dissected in this study. Additional data were obtained from 30 healthy volunteers using Doppler ultrasound imaging with high‐frequency probe.ResultsThe ophthalmic artery divided into two opposite primary branches: the superior and inferior orbitoglabellar arteries running along the orbital rim. After the supratrochlear artery arose from the superior orbitoglabellar artery at the medial eyebrow, the supraorbital artery either divided from this artery near the supraorbital foramen or emerged as an individual artery from the supraorbital notch. The inferior orbitoglabellar artery gave off the radix artery superior to the medial canthal tendon. The radix artery divided into two opposite branches: the dorsal nasal artery going to the nose and the paracentral artery going to the glabella. Ultrasound imaging revealed a subcorrugator space that a cannula can safely pass through. At the supraorbital foramen/notch, the supraorbital artery traveled very close to the bone. Based on the anatomical data collected, the following injection points for a needle and a cannula technique are recommended.ConclusionCorrection of a sunken upper eyelid is a dangerous procedure which should be performed only by experienced physicians. However, with precise anatomical knowledge and correct techniques, optimal outcomes can be safely achieved.
A cosmetic treatment based on the secretion of Cryptomphalus aspersa 40% improves the clinical results after the use of nonablative fractional laser in skin aging
Authors: Truchuelo M. Teresa , Vitale Maria 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIntroductionThe main purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the application of a cosmetic treatment based on the secretion of Cryptomphalus aspersa (SCA) enhances the clinical results, tolerance, and skin regeneration after nonablative laser treatment in patients with moderate photoaging.MethodsRandomized, double‐blind, split‐face trial in 20 patients with moderate aging. Two sessions with fractional nonablative laser were performed, and the cosmetic treatments (SCA 40% on one hemiface and vehicle on the other) were applied immediately after laser session and daily during the study (28 days). Tewameter, Cutometer, Visioscan, VisioFace, photography, dermoscopy, and clinical evaluation were assessed. Side effects were also evaluated.ResultsA significant decrease in the density of microcolumns (25%, 71%, 32%, and 61% less density, respectively, at T3 P = 0.008, T7 P = 0.002, T22 P < 0.001, and T24 P < 0.001) was observed on the side treated with SCA compared to the vehicle‐treated side. Cutaneous elasticity, area of wrinkles, and hydration on the SCA‐treated side also showed a significant improvement compared to the vehicle‐treated side. Both the researcher and patients observed a significant improvement on the side treated with SCA compared to the vehicle‐treated side. Significantly fewer side effects (erythema, burning, and dryness) were also detected.ConclusionA cosmetic product with SCA 40% applied immediately after laser and for a period thereafter enhances and accelerates repair of damage produced by the laser and significantly reduces related adverse effects. In addition, SCA treatment could improve clinical results. In conclusion, we suggest that SCA enhances the effectiveness of laser in the treatment of cutaneous aging.