bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Capital Structure and Organizational Performance: Evidence from Nigerian Food and Beverage Companies
Authors: Ayo-Oyebiyi G. T. 
Published: August 2019

This study seeks to investigate the impact of capital structure on the performance of organizational performance with particular reference to Nigerian Food and Beverage Companies. Secondary data was used for this study. It was adopted from the audited financial statements of the listed food and beverages companies in the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE), for the period of the year 2014 – 2018. The method of analysis used was Pearson Moment Correlation Coefficient and Linear Regressions. The results reveal that firm leverage, tangibility of assets and liquidity have an inverse relationship with the financial performance of the Nigerian food and beverage industry, while, growth and firm’s size have a positive relationship with the financial performance of Nigerian food and beverages industry. The study, recommends that Nigerian Food and Beverage should, therefore, strike a balance between their choice of capital structure and the effect on its performance as it affects the shareholder's risks.
ISU SOSIAL DALAM BENTUK INTERNET MEME MENJELANG PEMILIHAN PRESIDEN 2019 (Analisis Konten pada Meme Gambar dalam Instagram @memecomic.id)
Authors: Puteri Nova Rachmawati , Mahadian Adi Bayu 
Published: August 2019

Menjelang pemilihan presiden tahun 2019, masyarakat Indonesia menggunakan isu sosial dalam konteks perbincangan politik. Perbincangan tersebut terepresentasikan dalam akun Instagram @memecomic.id, salah satu komunitas internet memes terbesar di Indonesia. Untuk mempelajari penggunaan internet memes yang memperbincangkan isu sosial menjelang Pemilihan Presiden 2019, maka dilakukan penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif analisis isi deskriptif. Penelitian ini dilandasi oleh konsep internet memes dikemukakan oleh Shifman (2014:7), yaitu form, content, dan stance. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Internet memes menjadi sarana menyampaikan pendapat dan kritik terhadap praktik politik para politikus di Indonesia, dengan memperbincangkan masalah sosial yang populer. Penyampaian pendapat dipresentasikan dalam bentuk meme gambar, yang berisi sindiran atau satir. Sebagian konten-konten yang dijadikan internet meme gambar dibuat secara serius atau tidak menggunakan humor dan secara tidak serius. Sebagian lainnya dibuat dengan menambahkan unsur humor atau lelucon pada setiap cerita yang terdapat pada meme-meme tersebut.
Flexible and Stretchable Electronics for Harsh‐Environmental Applications
Authors: Almuslem Amani S. , Shaikh Sohail Faizan , Hussain Muhammad M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMonitoring, measuring, and controlling electronic systems in space exploration, automotive industries, downhole oil and gas industries, marine environment, geothermal power plants, etc., require materials and processes that can withstand harsh environments. Such harshness can come from the surrounding temperature, varying pressure, intense radiation, reactive chemicals, humidity, salinity, or a combination of any of these conditions. Here, recent progress in the development of flexible and stretchable electronic devices for harsh‐environment applications is reviewed. Studies are considered on how the selection of a specific material is critical for a particular application and how the selection of the material plays a critical role in sustained performance. Certain examples are presented for selected applications. Works on methods and designs for achieving flexibility and stretchability in devices designed for harsh environments are also investigated. Finally, studies on packaging techniques that enable deployment of conventional electronic devices in harsh‐environment applications are considered, with a few examples described.
Dynamically Reconfigurable Short‐Term Synapse with Millivolt Stimulus Resolution Based on Organic Electrochemical Transistors
Authors: Ling Haifeng , Wang Naixiang , Yang Anneng , Liu Yanghui , Song Jiajun , Yan Feng 
Published: August 2019

AbstractElectrolyte‐gated organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are attractive for synaptic electronics owing to the ionic–electronic coupling, huge specific capacitance, physiological environmental compatibility, and architectural flexibility. Here, an identical spike‐polarity method is reported to realize the concomitance of excitatory and inhibitory short‐term plasticities in unipolar poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)–poly(styrenesulphonate) (PEDOT:PSS) OECTs. Dynamical reconfiguration between the excitatory and inhibitory responses with multilevel and well‐balanced synaptic strength is realized, without performing operations or introducing additional modulation terminals. Owing to the distinctive volumetric capacitance of OECTs, the PEDOT:PSS synapse affords remarkable characteristics such as an ultrahigh stimulus‐resolution capability of 10 mV and an ultralow power consumption of ≈2 pJ per spike. Moreover, spatiotemporal‐correlated logics is realized. This work demonstrates on‐demand manipulation of ionic dynamics for building synaptic elements with sophisticated functionalities at a single‐device level.
Symmetric Meta‐Absorber‐Induced Superchirality
Authors: Rui Guanghao , Hu Haifeng , Singer Matthew , Jen Yi‐Jun , Zhan Qiwen , Gan Qiaoqiang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractChiral light‐matter interaction in plasmonic metamaterials represents a new paradigm in optics. However, most previously reported works require structural chirality based on asymmetric three‐dimensional architectures, imposing a significant cost barrier in scalable manufacturing. Here, the generation of superchiral light‐matter interaction in symmetric metal‐dielectric‐metal (MDM) metamaterial structures is theoretically proposed. Due to the interplay of the spatially separated and enhanced electric (E‐) and magnetic (H‐) fields with complementary profiles, a superchiral localized hotspot can be generated in MDM structures when an appropriate phase condition is satisfied. By introducing chiral molecules into the spacer layer, the circular dichroism (CD) signal of the coupled system can be enhanced significantly. The origin of the enhanced CD is attributed to the inherent and induced CD signals of the coupled system, which are derived from the direct molecular CD response and the asymmetric absorption of circularly polarized light by the metallic nanostructure. It is demonstrated that the metamaterial‐induced CD response contributes dominantly to the overall CD response of the coupled system, and a 1300‐fold enhancement factor can be obtained when on‐resonance chiral molecules are adsorbed in the optical superchiral field in the spacer layer. This finding paves the way toward the development of practical and scalable platforms for new chiroptical applications.
Ta Doping Enhanced Room‐Temperature Ferromagnetism in 2D Semiconducting MoTe2 Nanosheets
Authors: Yang Li , Wu Hao , Zhang Wenfeng , Lou Xun , Xie Zijian , Yu Xu , Liu Yuan , Chang Haixin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractRoom temperature ferromagnetic semiconductors remain one of the most puzzling issues to be solved in tens of years. Nowadays, 2D ferromagnetic transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) nanosheets attract continuous interest due to their exceptional electronic structure and properties. Here, it is identified that semiconducting 2H‐phase MoTe2 few/mono‐layer mixed nanosheets present a room temperature ferromagnetic property with Curie temperature above 400 K, although the MoTe2 bulk counterpart shows diamagnetic properties. The origin of such observed room temperature ferromagnetism is attributed to the combination of their structural defects including Te vacancies, disorders, and amorphous imperfections and edge‐states caused by reduced dimensionality. Moreover, a distinct enhancement of ferromagnetic properties at room temperature is revealed by a non‐magnetic Ta doping strategy. Such structural defects and edge‐states modulated ferromagnetism offers a feasible strategy to search for more robust room temperature ferromagnetic TMDCs nanosheets, which is essential to explore novel electronic and spintronic devices where both carrier charge and spin freedom can be controlled.
Predicting venous thromboembolism in multiple myeloma: development and validation of the IMPEDE VTE score
Authors: Sanfilippo Kristen M. , Luo Suhong , Wang Tzu‐Fei , Fiala Mark , Schoen Martin , Wildes Tanya M. , Mikhael Joseph , Kuderer Nicole M. , Calverley David C. , Keller Jesse , Thomas Theodore , Carson Kenneth R. , Gage Brian F. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with multiple myeloma (MM). The International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) developed guidelines recommending primary thromboprophylaxis, in those identified at high‐risk of VTE by the presence of risk factors. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) has adopted these guidelines; however, they lack validation. We sought to develop and validate a risk prediction score for VTE in MM and to evaluate the performance of the current IMWG/NCCN guidelines. Using 4446 patients within the Veterans Administration Central Cancer Registry, we used time‐to‐event analyses to develop a risk score for VTE in patients with newly diagnosed MM starting chemotherapy. We externally validated the score using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, End Results (SEER)‐Medicare database (N = 4256). After identifying independent predictors of VTE, we combined the variables to develop the IMPEDE VTE score (Immunomodulatory agent; Body Mass Index ≥25 kg/m2; Pelvic, hip or femur fracture; Erythropoietin stimulating agent; Dexamethasone/Doxorubicin; Asian Ethnicity/Race; VTE history; Tunneled line/central venous catheter; Existing thromboprophylaxis). The score showed satisfactory discrimination in the derivation cohort, c‐statistic = 0.66. Risk of VTE significantly increased as score increased (hazard ratio 1.20, P = <.0001). Within the external validation cohort, IMPEDE VTE had a c‐statistic of 0.64. For comparison, when evaluating the performance of the IMWG/NCCN guidelines, the c‐statistic was 0.55. In summary, the IMPEDE VTE score outperformed the current IMWG/NCCN guidelines and could be considered as the new standard risk stratification for VTE in MM.
The impact of a crash prevention program in a large law enforcement agency
Authors: Tiesman Hope M. , Gwilliam Melody , Rojek Jeff , Hendricks Scott , Montgomery Brian , Alpert Geoff 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundMotor vehicle crashes (MVCs) remain a leading cause of death for US law enforcement officers. One large agency implemented a crash prevention program with standard operating policy changes, increased training, and a marketing campaign. This was a scientific evaluation of that crash prevention program.MethodsMVC and motor vehicle injury (MVI) data for law enforcement officers were compared using an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model. Two law enforcement agencies who had not implemented a crash prevention program were controls.ResultsAfter program implementation, overall, MVC rates significantly decreased 14% from 2.2 MVCs per 100 000 miles driven to 1.9 (P = .008). MVC rates did not decrease in the control agencies. Overall, MVI rates significantly decreased 31% from 3.4 per 100 officers to 2.1 (P = .0002). MVC rates did not decrease in the control agencies. MVC rates for patrol officers significantly decreased 21% from 3.1 per 100 000 miles to 2.4. MVI rates for patrol officers significantly decreased 48% from 3.2 per 100 officers to 1.6 (P < .0001).ConclusionsCrash and injury rates can be reduced after implementation of a crash prevention program and the largest impacts were seen in patrol officers.
Ferroelectric and electrical properties of LiNaWO4 compound
Authors: Krimi M. , Karoui K. , Zghal S. , Ben Rhaiem A. 
Published: August 2019

The aim of this work is to elaborate the LiNaWO4 compound, using the solid state method, then to characterize it using an XR study which confirms that it crystallizes in the orthorhombic system with P222 as space group and with the lattice parameters a = 12.82 Å, b = 17.49 Å, c = 7.25 Å and α = β = γ = 90°. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) shows two endothermic peaks at T1 = 388 K and T2 = 500 K. The first peak is detected by the dielectric study, attributed to a phase transition from a ferroelectric phase to a paraelectric one, while the second peak indicates the presence of a phase transition, confirmed later by the result of the electrical study. All modes pertaining to vibrations of WO42− tetrahedral appear in the Raman spectrum. Moreover, its impedance response is modeled by a single cell formed by a parallel combination of R//C//CPE, i.e. the response of our compound is that of the grain. The variation of the σg and σdc, as a function of temperature, confirms the phase transition observed in the calorimetric study at T2. The conduction mechanism in the two phases indicates that the first phase (I) is described by the CBH model and the second phase by the OLPT model.
Crosslinking of β‐cyclodextrin and combining with ammonium polyphosphate for flame‐retardant polypropylene
Authors: Ding Siyin , Liu Peng , Zhang Shimin , Gao Chong , Wang Feng , Ding Yanfen , Yang Mingshu 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTThis work presents the synthesis of crosslinked hexamethylene diisocyanate β‐cyclodextrins (HDI‐CDs) by reacting β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) with HDI as a crosslinking agent at different feed ratios. As a novel char‐forming agent, the HDI‐CDs are combined with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and applied in polypropylene (PP) to form intumescent flame‐retardant composites. The structure of HDI‐CDs is characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and nitrogen adsorption–desorption test. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results indicate that HDI‐CDs have better char‐forming performance than β‐CD. FTIR spectra, X‐ray diffraction, and Raman spectra characterization demonstrate that the reaction between HDI‐CDs and APP contributes to the formation of a more stable char layer than β‐CD and APP. According to the results of TGA, scanning electron microscopy, limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL‐94, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy test, when the crosslinking degree of HDI‐CDs is high enough (not less than β‐CD:HDI = 1:3.6), the PP/APP/HDI‐CDs composites can form a compact and dense char layer during combustion. Among all composites, PP/APP/HDI‐CD(4) shows the best flame‐retardant performance, which can pass the UL 94 V‐0 rating with an LOI value of 32.8% when the loading of flame retardants is 28 wt %. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48320.
Prediction of thermal conductivity of pyrolysis layer by thermogravimetry data
Authors: Guo Jin , Huang Haiming 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTThermal conductivity of the pyrolysis layer in the charring material is of great importance for the optimal design of thermal protection system (TPS) in reentry vehicles. A method based on the thermogravimetry data of the charring material is presented to predict the thermal conductivity of the pyrolysis layer and the distribution of thermal conductivity of the pyrolysis layer is estimated. In addition, in order to validate the accuracy of this method, thermal response of the charring material is calculated with the predicted thermal conductivity and compared with the experimental data. The simulation results agree with the measured data and the numerical results indicate that taking this method to calculate the thermal conductivity of the pyrolysis layer is more compatible with the actual situation. This study is helpful to the optimization of the TPS. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48346.
Influence of gel preparation concentration on statistical mechanics of poly(dialkylaminoethyl methacrylate) gels on the basis of scaling concept: Toward tunable elasticity and thermomechanical parameters
Authors: Tanc Beril , Orakdogen Nermin 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTIn order to evaluate the scaling parameters of weakly cationic crosslinked network structures, poly(dialkylaminoethyl methacrylate)‐based hydrogels were synthesized via free‐radical crosslinking in aqueous solution varying systematically concentration of pregel solution. Based on the gel‐preparation concentration, variation in structural properties, effective crosslinking density, average molecular weight of polymer chains, and thermodynamic parameters from combined swelling and elasticity results were discussed using thescalingtheory to predict various exponent identities. The concentration dependence of compressive elastic modulus as‐prepared state was described by a power‐law relationshipwith the exponent ofm= 3.55 indicating the importance of the trapped entanglements. Two structural characteristics, the network chain lengthNand the average molecular weight of polymer chains have inverse dependence on the gel‐preparation concentration in the matrix, while the compressive moduli and effective crosslinking density show completely direct dependence. Experimentally determinedNvalues of PDMAEMA hydrogels first decrease with increasingup to 0.2972 and the dependence ofNon the gel‐preparation concentration gives the relationwith a scaling parametern= −1.80, which coincides with the prediction of scaling theory. Acceptable agreement was found between the estimate of crosslink density fluctuations deduced from mechanical measurements and the results derived from independent swelling observations. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2020,137, 48350.
Safety and Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Patients With Cancer and Preexisting Autoimmune Disease: A Nationwide, Multicenter Cohort Study
Authors: Tison Alice , Quéré Gilles , Misery Laurent , Funck‐Brentano Elisa , Danlos François‐Xavier , Routier Emilie , Robert Caroline , Loriot Yohann , Lambotte Olivier , Bonniaud Bertille , Scalbert Camille , Maanaoui Sarah , Lesimple Thierry , Martinez Stéphanie , Marcq Marie , Chouaid Christos , Dubos Catherine , Brunet‐Possenti Florence , Stavris Chloé , Chiche Laurent , Beneton Nathalie , Mansard Sandrine , Guisier Florian , Doubre Hélène , Skowron François , Aubin François , Zehou Ouidad , Roge Christophe , Lambert Mickaël , Pham‐Ledard Anne , Beylot‐Barry Marie , Veillon Rémi , Kramkimel Nora , Giacchero Damien , De Quatrebarbes Julie , Michel Catherine , Auliac Jean‐Bernard , Gonzales Gilles , Decroisette Chantal , Le Garff Gwenaelle , Carpiuc Ioana , Vallerand Hervé , Nowak Emmanuel , Cornec Divi , Kostine Marie ,   Groupe de Cancérologie Cutanée, Groupe Français de Pneumo‐Cancérologie, and Club Rhumatismes et Inflammations
Published: August 2019

ObjectiveImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for cancer therapy frequently induce immune‐related adverse effects (IRAEs). Therefore, most patients with preexisting autoimmune diseases have been excluded from clinical trials of ICIs. This study was undertaken to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ICIs in patients with preexisting autoimmune disease and cancer.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted from January 2017 to January 2018 via 3 French national networks of experts in oncology and autoimmunity. Adults with preexisting autoimmune disease who were receiving ICIs were assessed for the occurrence of flare of preexisting autoimmune disease, other IRAEs, and cancer response.ResultsThe study included 112 patients who were followed up for a median of 8 months. The most frequent preexisting autoimmune diseases were psoriasis (n = 31), rheumatoid arthritis (n = 20), and inflammatory bowel disease (n = 14). Twenty‐four patients (22%) were receiving immunosuppressive therapy at ICI initiation. Autoimmune disease flare and/or other IRAE(s) occurred in 79 patients (71%), including flare of preexisting autoimmune disease in 53 patients (47%) and/or other IRAE(s) in 47 patients (42%), with a need for immunosuppressive therapy in 48 patients (43%) and permanent discontinuation of ICI in 24 patients (21%). The median progression‐free survival was shorter in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy at ICI initiation (3.8 months versus 12 months; P = 0.006), confirmed by multivariable analysis. The median progression‐free survival was shorter in patients who experienced a flare of preexisting autoimmune disease or other IRAE, with a trend toward better survival in the subgroup without immunosuppressant use or ICI discontinuation.ConclusionOur findings indicate that flares or IRAEs occur frequently but are mostly manageable without ICI discontinuation in patients with a preexisting autoimmune disease. Immunosuppressive therapy at baseline is associated with poorer outcomes.
Additive‐Free Gold(III)‐Catalyzed Stereoselective Synthesis of 2‐Deoxyglycosides Using Phenylpropiolate Glycosides as Donors
Authors: Shaw Mukta , Kumar Amit 
Published: August 2019

AbstractStereoselective synthesis of deoxyglycosides has been achieved from benchtop stable and easily synthesizable deoxy‐phenylpropiolate glycosides (D‐PPGs) using gold(III) salt as catalyst under external additive‐free conditions. Under a simple catalytic system, D‐PPGs reacted with a variety of sugar and non‐sugar acceptors to produce majorly α‐stereoselective O/N‐deoxyglycosides in good to excellent yields and regenerate easily separable and reusable phenylpropiolic acid. Deoxy‐PPGs containing armed and disarmed groups survived well under the optimized reaction conditions. In addition, the orthogonal nature of D‐PPGs was showcased, and 1,1′‐linked trehalose‐type sugar was also synthesized.
Facile Access to Optically Active 2,6‐Dialkyl‐1,5‐Diazacyclooctanes
Authors: Chulakova Dilyara R. , Pradipta Ambara R. , Lodochnikova Olga A. , Kuznetsov Danil R. , Bulygina Kseniya S. , Smirnov Ivan S. , Usachev Konstantin S. , Latypova Liliya Z. , Kurbangalieva Almira R. , Tanaka Katsunori 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe chiral substituted 1,5‐diazacyclooctane (1,5‐DACO) is of considerable importance and has attracted attention from a wide range of fields due to their unique chemical and biological properties. Despite the application potential, further study has not been optimized due to difficulties in their synthetic accessibility. Here, we report that the 1,5‐DACO bearing a chiral auxiliary obtained from the formal [4+4] cycloaddition of N‐alkyl‐α,β‐unsaturated imines can be further derivatized by nucleophilic alkylation to give various chiral substituted 1,5‐DACO derivatives. The removal of the chiral auxiliary was effectively carried out using hydrogenation over Pearlman's catalyst. This methodology allows the production of a broad range of unprecedented optically active 2,6‐dialkyl‐1,5‐DACO, which could not be accessed by other methods.