bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Sociologia Histórica: rumos e diálogos atuais
Authors: Monsma Karl , Salla Fernando Afonso , Teixeira Alessandra 
Published: March 2018

A sociologia histórica aborda processos de mudança e continuidade sociais e revela a arbitrariedade de muitos arranjos sociais. Os clássicos da sociologia focalizavam processos de mudança social e abordagens históricas predominavam na sociologia alemã entre as guerras, mas só reemergiram com força a partir das décadas de 1960 e 1970 nos Estados Unidos, onde a nova sociologia histórica focalizava estruturas po- líticas e econômicas. A partir da década de 1980, a área dialoga com abordagens en- fatizando a construção social das identidades, as subjetividades e as representações coletivas, como a história oral, o feminismo ou os estudos pós-coloniais. Atualmente, este subcampo resiste ao reducionismo e prioriza a análise processual de atores e eventos, além das interações de processos sociais distintas. Novas fronteiras na área incluem relações entre reprodução e mudança social, relações entre processos indi- viduais e institucionais e o papel da narrativa na representação e interpretação da realidade social desde múltiplos pontos de vista.
PENINDAKAN TERHADAP PENGEMIS PERSPEKTIF YUSUF AL QARADHAWI (ANALISIS PASAL 504 KUHP TENTANG PERBUATAN MENGEMIS DI MUKA UMUM)
Authors: Sari Seva Maya 
Published: March 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mengkaji secara mendalam terkait penindakan terhadap pengemis perspektif Yusuf Al Qaradhawi (analisis pasal 504 KUHP tentang perbuatan mengemis di muka umum). Studi ini diarahkan pada penelitian kepustakaan (Library Research) dengan sumber data primer KUHP dan buku Yusuf Al Qaradhawi“Al ḥalāl wa al ḥarām dan Musykilah al Faqr wa kaifa ‘alajahā al Islām” beserta sumber data sekunder melalui kajian literatur yang relevan dengan masalah yang diteliti. Setelah data berhasil dikumpulkan dan dianalisis. Maka diperoleh hasil penelitian sebagai berikut: Pertama, kegiatan pengemisan dikualifikasikan sebagai suatu tindak pidana pelanggaran di bidang ketertiban umum sebagaimana diatur secara jelas dalam pasal 504 KUHP. Ketentuan tersebut menegaskan pengemisan yang dapat dikenakan sanksi pidana hanya pengemisan yang dilakukan di tempat umum. Kedua, Al Qaradhawi memiliki pandangan yang berbeda dengan KUHP dalam penindakan terhadap pengemis. Penindakan tersebut berdasarkan membedakan jenis pengemis, ada yang boleh dan ada yang haram meminta-minta. Dan beliau juga mengemukakan masing-masing cara penanggulangannya, untuk pengemis yang diharamkan, penguasa boleh memberikan ta’zir, dan untuk pengemis yang dibolehkan, jalan yang dapat ditempuh diantaranya dengan memberdayakan zakat, infak dan sedekah dengan baik serta membantu mereka memperoleh pekerjaan. Ketiga, Konsep Al Qaradhawi dalam penindakan terhadap pengemis sesuai dengan kebutuhan masyarakat Indonesia yang kompleks, sehingga prospek kedepannya konsep ini dapat di jadikan acuan dalam pembaharuan hukum pidana tentang penindakan terhadap pengemis, dikarenakan permasalahan pengemis semakin kompleks dan kemiskinan masih menjadi faktor yang dominan yang mendorong melakukan perbuatan mengemis.
Evaluation of UV/S2O8 process efficiency for removal of metronidazole (MNZ) from aqueous solutions
Authors: Zarei Amin Allah , Tavassoli Parisa , Bazrafshan Edris 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Antibiotics are known today as emerging contaminants due to potentially adverse effects on aquatic ecosystems and the health of humans and animals, even at very low concentrations. The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of the UV/S2O8 process and affecting factors (pH, initial metronidazole (MNZ) concentration, initial persulfate concentration and reaction time) in removing antibiotic MNZ. The results obtained from the experiments showed that the UV/S2O8 process efficiency is higher in acidic pH values due to production of further radical SO4− and increases with extended contact time, but the efficiency of the process is reduced by increasing the concentration of MNZ. In assessing the effect of initial persulfate concentration on the process efficiency, MNZ removal efficiency was also increased by 99.5% after contact time of 35 min with increasing the initial persulfate concentration up to 1 g/L. However, the process efficiency was decreased at higher concentrations (2 mg/L) due to reaction of sulfate radicals with each other or with persulfate and its saturation. The kinetic data fitted the pseudo-first-order kinetic model (R2 &gt; 99%). The findings of this study clearly demonstrated the high potential of the UV/S2O8 process in the degradation of MNZ.
Modeling the biotransformation of trimethoprim in biological nutrient removal system
Authors: Ogunlaja Olumuyiwa O. , Parker Wayne J. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
A pilot scale biological nutrient removal (BNR) process, batch experiments and modeling exercises were employed to investigate the removal and biotransformation of trimethoprim (TMP) in a BNR activated sludge process. The concentrations of the active microbial groups – ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB), ordinary heterotrophic organisms (OHOs) and polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) – in the BNR bioreactor were quantified through modeling of the pilot bioreactor. The overall TMP removal efficiency for the pilot BNR process was 64 ± 14% while the TMP biotransformation efficiencies in the anaerobic, anoxic and aerobic zones were 22 ± 20%, 27 ± 8% and 36 ± 5% respectively. Batch tests with and without nitrification inhibition showed that AOB played a role in the biotransformation of TMP in BNR activated sludge. A pseudo first order model which incorporated the contributions of PAOs, OHOs and AOB to the overall biodegradation of TMP was found to describe the biodegradation of TMP in batch tests with and without nitrification inhibition. This model showed that PAOs, OHOs and AOB contributed towards the biotransformation of TMP in aerobic BNR activated sludge with the biotransformation rate constants following the trend of kAOB &gt; kOHOs &gt; kPAOs.
A High-throughput Screening of a Chemical Compound Library in Ovarian Cancer Stem Cells
Authors: Ricci F. , Carrassa L. , Christodoulou M. S. , Passarella D. , Michel B. , Benhida R. , Martinet N. , Hunyadi A. , Ioannou E. , Roussis V. , Musso L. , Dallavalle S. , Silvestri R. , Westwood N. , Mori M. , Ingallina C. , Botta B. , Kavetsou E. , Detsi A. , Majer Z. , Hudecz F. , Bosze S. , Kaminska B. , Hansen T.V. , Bertrand P. , Athanassopoulos C. M. , Damia G. 
Published: March 2018

Background:
Epithelial ovarian cancer has a poor prognosis, mostly due to its late
diagnosis and the development of drug resistance after a first platinum-based regimen. The presence
of a specific population of “cancer stem cells” could be responsible of the relapse of the tumor and
the development of resistance to therapy. For this reason, it would be important to specifically target
this subpopulation of tumor cells in order to increase the response to therapy.

Method:
We screened a chemical compound library assembled during the COST CM1106 action to
search for compound classes active in targeting ovarian stem cells. We here report the results of the
high-throughput screening assay in two ovarian cancer stem cells and the differentiated cells derived
from them.

Results and Conclusion:
Interestingly, there were compounds active only on stem cells, only on
differentiated cells, and compounds active on both cell populations. Even if these data need to be
validated in ad hoc dose response cytotoxic experiments, the ongoing analysis of the compound
structures will open up to mechanistic drug studies to select compounds able to improve the
prognosis of ovarian cancer patients.
Synthesis of Novel Thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine Derivatives and Evaluation of Their Cytotoxicity and EGFR Inhibitory Activity
Authors: Adly Mina E. , Gedawy Ehab M. , El-Malah Afaf A. , El-Telbany Farag A. 
Published: March 2018

Background:
4-Substitutedaminoquinazoline scaffolds were reported to possess potent cytotoxic
and EGFR inhibitory activity such as gefitinib (Iressa), erlotinib (Tarceva) and tandutinib.

Objective:
Synthesis of novel 4-substitutedaminothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives as bioisosters of
4-substitutedaminoquinazoline derivatives with potential cytotoxic and EGFR inhibitory activity.

Methods:
Novel 4-substitutedaminothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives 4a-i and 5a-c were synthesized via
reacting corresponding 4-chlorothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives 3a-c with N-methylpiperazine, morpholine,
N-phenylpiperazine or 1,3-propanediamine. Six compounds (2a, 4d, 4e, 5a-c) were selected by the
National Cancer Institute (USA) for evaluating their cytotoxic activity using 60 different human tumor cell
lines using a single dose (10-5 Molar). The rest of the synthesized compounds (2b, 2c, 3a-c, 4a-c and 4f-i)
were subjected to screening against T47D breast cancer cell line using a single dose (10-5 Molar) at Pharmacology
lab., Cancer biology lab., Egyptian National Institute. Moreover, compounds 2a and 4b-e were subjected
to further evaluation by IC50 determination. Finally, the inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor
(EGFR) was then investigated for the most active compounds 2a and 4d.

Results:
Compounds 2a and 4b-e showed significant cytotoxic activity. Compound 2a was more potent than
doxorubicin against lung cancer cell line A549 with IC50 = 13.40 μM and comparable activity against MCF7.
Compound 4d exhibited more potent activity than Doxorubicin against prostate PC3 (IC50 = 14.13 µM) while
showed comparable activity against MCF7 and T47D.

Conclusion:
4-Substitutedaminothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine is a promising backbone for the design and synthesis
of potent cytotoxic leads.
HPLC Analysis of Phenolic Acids, Antioxidant Activity and in vitro Effectiveness of Green and Roasted Caffea arabica Bean Extracts: A Comparative Study
Authors: El-Nabi Sobhy Hassab , Dawoud Gouda T.M. , El-Garawani Islam , El-Shafey Samraa 
Published: March 2018

Background:
Coffee is a popular drink; it is one of the most commercialized food products and a rich
source of biologically active compounds that are important for human health.

Aims:

This study aimed to prove the anticancer activity of Green Coffee (GC) and Roasted Coffee (RC) bean
aqueous extracts (Coffea arabica) on breast cancer adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7) and the safety of both
extracts on normal Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes culture (HPBL).

Methods:
Total phenolic content for GC and RC extracts was measured and result of both extracts were
(0.308±0.016 & 0.233±0.013mg/g) respectively. The phenolic acids were screened by HPLC at the wavelength
of 254& 278 and 300 nm and 5-caffeoylquinic acids (Chlorogenic acid), the predominant form of phenolic
acids, was identified in GC and RC samples. Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) as well as the free
radical scavenging activity (DPPH) proved the antioxidant properties of both extracts. The DPPH IC50 mean
values of GC and RC extracts were (2.4±0.08, 2.3±0.16 µg/ml) respectively. Cytotoxicity of both extracts on
MCF-7 cells were evaluated by neutral red uptake assay which showed the IC50 mean values (377±5.7,500±8.1
µg/ml) for GC and RC extracts respectively. The safety of both extracts (0, 125, 250, 500 µg/ml) on HPBL was
evaluated in vitro using trypan blue exclusion method and DNA single strand breaks (alkaline comet assay).

Results:
Result revealed non-significant cytotoxic difference (P<0.001) between cultures especially at lower
doses of GC and RC extracts except the highest dose of GC and RC extract which showed slightly significant
damage (P<0.001).

Conclusion:
This study proved that GC and RC aqueous extracts were found to be selectively cytotoxic in vitro
to cancerous cells (MCF-7 cell line) causing cell death with no cytotoxicity on normal human lymphocytes
especially at lower doses.
Managing Agricultural Research for Prosperity and Food Security in 2050: Comparison of Performance, Innovation Models and Prospects
Authors: Payumo Jane G. , Assem Shireen , Bhooshan Neeru , Galhena Hashini , Mbabazi Ruth , Maredia Karim 
Published: March 2018

Background:Agriculture faces unprecedented developmental challenges globally. At the same time, rapid advances in agricultural research and innovation at the global, regional and national levels, offer unprecedented opportunities, improving performance across the entire agriculture product value chain.Objective:This paper highlights a multi-case study on six emerging economies in Asia and Africa and representative institutions, where opportunities for agricultural-led development are being explored to address pressing global challenges and transform agriculture into a vibrant and competitive sector.Methods:Drawing from secondary data and using a case study approach, this paper provides an overview and benchmarking of agricultural R&D indicators and policies at the country and institutional levels.Results:Findings reveal varying levels of agricultural development and successes of the six countries: Philippines, India, Sri Lanka, Egypt, Uganda, Kenya, in terms of agricultural performance, R&D investments and implementation of policies in managing modern agricultural innovations, intellectual property, technology transfer and public-private sector partnership in research and economic development. The paper presents some best practices and suggested measures that may be useful references for emerging economies and institutions with similar interests and initiatives to integrate agricultural research and technology transfer.Conclusion:Current successes and learning reveal changing and improving capacities in research and technology transfer in selected countries. However, sustaining success will require active policies to govern and promote investment in agricultural research and innovation, strategic partnerships for translating research to practice, and continuous capacity building and human resource development remain to be key ingredients for sustaining such success in addressing local and global problems in agriculture.
A Republican Tradition for Australia?
Authors: Williams George 
Published: March 2018

The United States is said to be undergoing a republican revival. Republicanism is a political theory and philosophy that has become enmeshed in the debates surrounding United States constitutionalism. Commentators have argued for several different paradigms of republicanism. Frequently, support for a particular paradigm has been sought from an understanding of historical and modern political thought and, more significantly for our purposes, from the era that saw the birth of the United States Constitution.The multifarious origins of, and many views on, republicanism, as well as the number of commentators moulding the concept to suit their own ends, make republicanism difficult to pin down. The core elements of modern republicanism may be taken to refer to a system of government by the people equally that seeks to achieve the common good through deliberation by political actors who act not in their own interest or the interests of their constituents but for the community as a whole. This is a far cry from the “militarist, elitist, religious, and sexist sentiments” historically displayed by republicanism.
The Clamour of Silent Constitutional Principles
Authors: Donaghue Stephen 
Published: March 2018

“When I use a word”, Humpty Dumpty said, in a rather scornful tone, “it means just what I choose it to mean - neither more nor less.”“The question is,” said Alice, “whether you can make words mean so many different things.”“The question is,” said Humpty Dumpty, “which is to be master - that’s all.”Lewis Carroll, Through the Looking-GlassThe last decade of the nineteenth century saw a number of Conventions held for the purpose of creating the rules under which the Australian colonies would federate in “one indissoluble federal Commonwealth”. The endeavour was designed to be an anchor to the past, creating rules that bind until a super-majority of the living change them. These rules were incorporated into a written document, which declares itself to be the paramount law within the Commonwealth of Australia.
Representing Democracy or Reinforcing Inequality?: Electoral Distribution and McGinty V Western Australia
Authors: Carne Greg 
Published: March 2018

McGinty v Western Australia is a significant indicator of present and prospective attitudes of the High Court to major issues of representative democracy, such as electoral representation and equality. In affirming by a majority that substantial numerical voter inequality in Western Australian state electorates did not infringe a concept of representative democracy in either the Commonwealth or the Western Australian constitutions, the court went beyond a refusal to overturn AG (Cth); Ex Rel McKinlay v Commonwealth of more than twenty years earlier.In McKinlay, a voter had sought a declaration that s 19 of the Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918 (Cth), which permitted a variation of 10 per cent of the number of electors above or below the quota for a state's seats in the House of Representatives, was invalid on the grounds that it offended the first paragraph of s 24 of the Commonwealth Constitution. The High Courts held that s 24 did not require that the number of people or the number of electors in electoral divisions be equal. In other words, it was found that the Commonwealth Constitution did not mandate a principle of one vote, one value.
Response Rates in Management Accounting Survey Research
Authors: Hiebl Martin R. W. , Richter J. Frederik 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT
The survey method is one of the most frequently used quantitative approaches in management accounting research. For research surveys, the number of usable responses is an important feature, and high response rates present one opportunity to achieve large sample sizes. Response rates describe the share of usable received responses compared with the survey population. To date, we know little about what impacts response rates in management accounting survey research. In this paper, we therefore examine 140 survey articles published in the two most highly regarded specialist journals of management accounting research, the Journal of Management Accounting Research and Management Accounting Research. Our results indicate that in recent years, response rates in management accounting research have experienced a downward trend. We also find that survey population size, the region where surveys are conducted, the scale of surveys, the hierarchical level of respondents, the research topics examined, random sampling techniques, and the establishment of contact with the survey population before sending out questionnaires are all significantly associated with the response rate. We conclude with implications for future survey research in management accounting.
Factors effecting the success of conservative management in de Quervain cases
Authors: CEYLAN Hasan Hüseyin , KAYA Özcan , ÇAYPINAR Barış , ÖZTÜRK Muhammed Beşir 
Published: March 2018

Aim: De Quervain’s disease, which is known as tenosynovitis of the first radial dorsal compartment, usually is a self-limiting condition and it could be managed conservatively. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the factors affecting the success of the conservative treatment.Methods: Patients who admitted to outpatient service with radial styloid pain and diagnosed as de Quervain’s disease between March 2014 and December 2016 were enrolled to our study. A total number of 84 patients evaluated retrospectively, and 12 of them excluded due to inadequate patient information, previous interventions in other clinics, and lost to follow up. Patients’ files with regard to the patients’ data on age, sex, duration of symptomatic period, history of previous trauma, season of admission and need of surgery were evaluated.Results: Mean age of the patients was 42.24 (range 16-66) years. Of the cohort, 58 patients (80.6%) were female and the remaining patients (19.4%) were male. Mean length of pre-admission symptomatic period was 2.2 (range 1-12) months. There was no significant correlation between the resistance to treatment and the duration of the symptoms (r=0.4597). Sixty-one of 72 patients (84.7%) received one month of orthosis and oral/local medication and they were all healed. The remaining 11 patients with persistent pain received additional steroid injections. The mean age was 46.72 years at the injection group, and 10 of these 11 were female. Two female patients from these 11 resistant cases underwent surgical decompression. Conclusion: In conclusion, our study also supported the self-limiting clinical feature of de Quervain’s disease. Most of the patients have satisfactory results with conservative treatment or corticosteroid injections if needed. Most of the patients who needed corticosteroid injections in addition to splint use were female; therefore, the female patients should be informed in this aspect.
Acetaminophen Toxicosis in a Cat
Authors: ÖZKAN Burçak 
Published: March 2018

Acetaminophen causes serious problems as toxication in cats in spite of being an effective and reliable analgesic and antipyretic in humans. A six months-old female cat suffering from cough was presented to examination to International Pet Hospital/Tirana/Albania when no result was obtained after one acetaminophen tablet had been administered in order to heal the disease. Depression, grey and cyanotic mucous membranes and tongue, tachypnea, tachycardia, hypothermia were primary clinical signs. The color of blood and urine were darkened. On the basis of anamnesis and clinical findings, a definitive diagnosis of acetaminophen toxicosis was made. Therapeutic protocol contained blood transfusion, N-Acetylcysteine, ascorbic acid, cimeditine and IV fluid therapy. Patient's blood samples were collected for haemogram and serum analyses with regular intervals was cured with appropriate treatment.
Ultrasonographic Findings in Two Dogs with Canine Parvoviral Enteritis
Authors: ÖZKAN Burçak 
Published: March 2018

Canine parvoviral enteritis (CPV) is one of the most common diseases why puppies are presented to clinicians. Being non-enveloped, single striated DNA viruses, parvoviruses cause disease in a variety of wild and domestic mammalians. Three subtypes of the virus have similar pathogenicity resulting in clinical disease. In spite of affecting also older animals, the disease most often strikes in pups. Cardiac and intestinal forms are two types of the disease. CPV is highly contagious and severe but healed dogs gain lifetime immunity. Abdominal ultrasonography (USG) has greater accuracy since it is a non-invasive but efficient method. Thus, it may be helpful to diagnose the disease when accompanied by clinical and laboratory tests. The aim of this case report is to discuss USG findings, clinical symptoms and healing procedure of two dogs suffering from CPV represented with complaints of hemorrhagic diarrhoea, vomitus and lack of appetite and water intake as well as progressive weight loss. Non-specific signs were found in both dogs. One puppy was infested with ascariasis. Routine treatment was adopted for both puppies. Definitive diagnosis is established with the help of anamnesis, clinical symptoms and laboratory tests. USG is a non-invasive, fast and reliable method and may be employed as a supportive examination for enteritis detection in order to exclude other intestinal diseases necessitating laparotomy. In our case, intestinal USG was performed with a 5-7.5 mHz transducer. Altered intestinal wall structure and damaged intestinal individualization were noted. Both patients were healed.