bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An overview of the adverse effects of cannabis use for Canadian physicians
Authors: Leduc-Pessah Heather , Jensen Samuel K. , Newell Christopher 
Published: September 2019

Purpose: Cannabis is the most widely used illicit substance and one of the most commonly used psychoactive substances in the world, preceded only by alcohol, tobacco and caffeine. Recent changes in legislation regarding cannabis use in Canada and potential upcoming changes worldwide may have a further impact on the prevalence of cannabis use. Thus, it is critical to understand the risks and potential adverse health effects of acute and long-term cannabis use. Current literature is lacking in many areas surrounding cannabis use, and for the most part is unable to provide clear associations once confounding variables are considered. Here we provide a general overview of the history of cannabis, the physical and mental health consequences, and the risks to specific groups.

Source: A scoping search of published articles in PubMed from the start date (1946) until 2018.

Principal finding: Current evidence supports an association between cannabis use and mild respiratory and cardiac effects, but no clear increased risk of
cancer. Psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia and anxiety, show associations with cannabis use; however, a causal effect of cannabis use is unclear. While no evidence for increased risk in pregnancy has been found, risk is still undetermined. Youth may be at a greater risk as earlier initiation of use increases the risk of adverse health effects.

Conclusion: Overall, evidence for direct and long-term adverse effects of cannabis use is minimal and additional longitudinal studies will be required to better delineate unidentified effects.
Relationship between blood lipid and arterial stiffness in hypertension
Authors: Si Xiao-bei , Liu Wei 
Published: September 2019

Purpose: To explore the relationship between blood lipids and pulse wave velocity (PWV).

Methods: We retrospectively selected subjects who had undergone treatment in an outpatient or inpatient clinic. The subjects were sub-grouped into four
groups: Group A (no history of hypertension and dyslipidemia), Group B (a history of dyslipidemia but not hypertension), Group C (a history of hypertension but not dyslipidemia) and Group D (a history of both hypertension and dyslipidemia). We determined brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), non-high-density lipoprotein (non-HDL-C), total cholesterol/high density lipoprotein (TC/HDL-C) and atherogenic indices (AI) for hypertension and non-hypertension and dyslipidemia and non-dyslipidemia patients.

Results: A total of 380 subjects were included. Uric acid, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, pulse pressure and mean arterial pressure were significantly different among the groups. The prevalence of coronary arterial disease and diabetes mellitus, age, body mass index, heart rate, blood glucose, creatinine, urea, smoking history and alcohol consumption did not differ among groups. The baPWV was significantly different between both hypertension/nonhypertension and dyslipidemia/non-dyslipidemia patients. In hypertension patients (in Group C and D), partial correlation analysis showed that ΔbaPWV correlated with TC, HDL-C, AI, AIP and TC/HDL-C but not LDL-C, triglyceride (TG) or non-HDL-C.

Conclusion: Hypertension and/or dyslipidemia may be risk factors for arterial stiffness. In hypertension patients, TC, HDL-C, AIP, AI and TC/HDL-C might correlate to arterial stiffness and pathological increases in these levels may indicate risk factors for arterial stiffness.
Apocalypse
Authors: Benitez Christian Jil 
Published: September 2019

Alvin Yapan’s “Apocalypse” (Filipino: “Apokalipsis”) renders the end of the world as the simultaneous transgression of presupposed boundaries between the individual and collective, the human and non-human, and the rational and irrational. By locating the narrative in an unnamed corner of the Philippine metropolis that is altogether too familiar in the present, and through interweaving the folkloric and popular, the text proposes a timely urban legend that articulates anxieties of a particular tropical consciousness grappling with modernism. The tale is a counternarrative that acknowledges contemporary overlaps – in the same vein as articulated by Senf (2014, p.31) who values the Gothic as “a counterbalance produced by writers and thinkers who felt limited by such a confident worldview and recognized that the power of the past, the irrational, and the violent continue to hold sway in the world.” The present text becomes a rehearsal of the story’s proposed apocalypse through the transgression offered by the act of translation which opens this particular tropical articulation to a wider field of discourse on the modern.
قياس وتحليل العلاقة السببية بين النفقات العامة وعرض النقد والتضخم "العراق حالة دراسية للمدة (1990-2017)
Authors: Hayawi Kalthoum A. , Daher Abdulhamid S. 
Published: September 2019

يعد التضخم من متغيرات الإقتصاد الكلي المهمة لما يتسم به من علاقة وثيقة مع العديد من المتغيرات الحقيقية والنقدية ، ولما يتركه من آثار سلبية على الإنتاجية، و النمو الإقتصادي، إذ يحد من معدل النمو الإقتصادي، ويزيد من التفاوت في الدخل والثروة ومن ثم الرفاهية الإقتصادية . لذا كان الحد من التضخم ومكافحته يشكل الاولوية لدى صانعي السياسات عند صياغة الأهداف الإقتصادية. الهدف الرئيسي من هذه الدراسة يتمثل في قياس وتحليل العلاقة السببية بين التضخم معبرا عنه بالرقم القياسي لأسعار المستهلك وعرض النقود، والإنفاق الحكومي في الإقتصاد العراقي للمدة (1990-2017). وكان المنهج الكمي هو الاداة المستخدمة لتحقيق هذا الهدف من خلال الاستعانة بالأساليب القياسية الحديثة من إختبار أستقرارية السلاسل الزمنية، التكامل المشترك، نموذج تصحيح الخطأ، وأخيرا سببية كرانجر. وقد أثبتت الدراسة وجود علاقة توازنية طويلة الأجل بين التضخم من جهة، وبين كل من النفقات العامة، وعرض النقد من جهة ثانية. كما أظهرت نتائج تقدير نموذج تصحيح الخطأ إستنادا إلى قيمة معلمة معامل التعديل، أن معدل التضخم يستغرق بحدود ثلاثة أو أربعة سنوات لتعود ثانية إلى حالة التوازن عند حدوث أزمات ، أو صدمات اقتصادية. كما أظهرت النتائج أن هناك علاقة سببية باتجاه واحد، تتجه من عرض النقد بالمفهوم الضيق، والنفقات العامة باتجاه التضخم، أي أن كل من عرض النقد، والإنفاق الحكومي يتسببان في إرتفاع المستوى العام للأسعار.
La urgencia de una integración popular Latinoamericana: el protagonismo de las ciencias sociales
Authors: Costa Everaldo Batista da , Alvarado-Sizzo Ilia , Boscariol Renan Amabile 
Published: September 2019

Tenemos pensado, dicho y escrito: la integración latinoamericana solo puede ser operada delante a la acción conjunta o estrategias que pongan en evidencia la fuerza de los grupos sociales históricamente oprimidos en el continente, o sea, en la escala del sujeto. La resistencia negra, indígena, mestiza, femenina, de grupos subalternizados etc., el lo que puede mantener de pie la utopía integradora social de América Latina, una región diversa desde el punto de vista territorial y cultural. Justamente por ese paradojo (integración y unidad delante de la diversidad y de adversidades) gestado en el origen, nuestro continente es, sin la menor duda, el catalizador de la modernidad mundial, junto a la África y a la Asia, en el contexto de los procesos colonizadores europeos. A través del territorio y sus usos que PatryTer desea denunciar las distintas formas de violencias (en escalas) que nuestros grupos sociales “minorizados” (pues son la mayoría de las gentes) continúan a sufrir, delante del ideal de progreso excluyente y de la modernización conservadora, ambos impuestos por el mundo Occidental (Europa y Estados Unidos, notoriamente).
Methods of the matrix analysis and graphic ranking of the array of the experimental IR spectroscopy data in studying the inter-component processes in the mixture of pheniramine maleate and naproxen
Authors: Eltsova N. O. , Budko E. V. 
Published: September 2019

A widespread use of complex pharmacotherapy entails the necessity of studying the processes occurred in pharmaceutical mixtures. IR spectroscopy is one of the methods used to assess the stability of substances. To increase the efficiency of interpretation of the IR spectra of mixtures, a method combining matrix methods and graphic ranking of the array of experimental data has been developed. This approach has been tested for the analysis of model mixtures of pharmaceutical substances naproxen and pheniramine maleate. Absorption spectra were obtained on an Avatar 360 FT-IR ESP Fourier transform spectrometer (Nicolet, USA) using an ATR (primary attenuation total reflection) attachment Smart Perfbmer (optical crystal ZnSe; spectral range 1.35 - 26.6 pm, 7400 - 375 cm4). The obtained IR spectra were processed using Thermo Scientific Specta embedded software. Graphs for graphical ranking were plotted in the coordinates of the mixture heating temperature —relative frequency intensity. The points on the graph represent the relative intensity of the bands for a mixture kept at a certain temperature, whereas the curves with which they are connected reflect the processes occurring in the structure of the substance. Common trends in the relative intensity for different frequencies (at the same temperature) and/or for a number of frequencies of a certain characteristic region, indicates the unidirectionality of the process. Graphic ranking is applied to the characteristic bands of pyridine and aliphatic nitrogen of pheniramine maleate and characteristic frequencies of the intermolecular hydrogen bond and carbonyl group of naproxen. We also used the method of mathematical ranking of the matrices of transmittance values. For the characteristic bands of the studied compounds, a combined use of graphical and mathematical ranking allowed us to infer a change in the structure of naproxen and pheniramine maleate under the impact of elevated temperatures: the salt of pheniramine and maleic acid in aliphatic nitrogen has one structural conformation, whereas the binding force depends on the temperature.
Assessment of the residual life of the high-temperature elements of the turbine rotors through modeling the reduction of the metal continuity
Authors: Gladshtein V. I. , Liubimov A. A. 
Published: September 2019

Calculation and experimental estimates of the residual life of steels P2M and EI415 of two strength levels (H and B) are carried out using two methods, the new one and the traditional. The loading was carried out for 300 thousand hours under conditions similar to those in which the metal operates in the zone of blade attachment in the rim of the disk of the first stage of medium-pressure rotors of K-300-240 LMZ and KhTZ turbines. When evaluating the residual life, a gradual decrease in stresses due to creep was taken into account by distinguishing several stages with conditionally constant stresses. According to the new methodology, the residual life was estimated by a change in the metal super-continuity at each stage 47 = ц/п + 1, where u/ is the continuity, n is the crack formation index; whereas in the traditional method the relative damage Р is estimated according to the principle of linear summation of damage (LSP). It is shown that the time dependences P and 47 obey the logarithmic law, while the metal of the fbrgings В (high strength) in all cases had a greater resource compared to the fbrgings H (low strength). For the first time, the process of resource depletion was considered by analyzing the sum of two functions: 47 + P = 1. It is shown that for R2M steel this amount is less than unity; for steel EI415 it is equal to or greater than unity. Proceeding from the literature data on the differences that follows from using LSP rule for a relatively viscous and brittle metal, we suggested that deviations from unity are attributed to the error in estimating the resource according to the LSP principle. Therefore, the result obtained by the new method should be recognized as more accurate. Taking into account the use of samples with a particularly deep sharp notch in which the brittle crack development is guaranteed by the proposed methodology, the new principle of calculating the residual life can be used in determination of the resource for any type of the parts made of the metal subjected to brittle fracture during operation under creep conditions.
A method for determination of the boundaries of the stage of steady fatigue crack growth and parameters of Paris equation
Authors: Golubovskiy E. R. , Volkov M. E. , Emmausskiy N. M. 
Published: September 2019

A method and procedures for determining the boundaries of the second stage of the kinetic crack resistance diagram or fracture toughness kinetic diagram, sample formation within the aforementioned boundaries and determination of the parameters С and n of the Paris equation from the sample are presented. The necessity of developing the method is attributed to the lack of rules and procedures for accurate determination of the boundaries of the second stage in the current standards and regulatory document (RD). The proposed method provides a given accuracy of determination of the number of cycles corresponding to the length of the fatigue crack at the upper boundary of the second stage obtained by numerical integration of the Paris equation with the found values of the parameters С and re. The developed method is based on the application of two criteria R2 and %. Statistical criterion R2 characterizes a degree of deviation of the experimental data from the linear fragment of the kinetic fracture toughness diagram. Parametric criterion у specifies the level of accuracy of the parameters С and re of the Paris equation. This level is set through a comparative evaluation of the experimental and calculated crack length I and the number of cycles N, obtained by integration of the Paris equation within the specified lower and upper limits of the interval of the stable growth of fatigue crack. Application of the method is shown by the example of the experimental data obtained when testing samples of VT9 titanium alloy, deformable nickel alloy EI437BU and granular nickel alloy EP741NP (granules up to 140 pm) at room and elevated temperatures. Application of the method indicates that the experimental and calculated curves "I - N" obtained by numerical integration of the Paris equation differ by less than the specified value of the criterion X ^ 3%, in contrast to the results obtained in accordance to the recommendations of the regulatory documents.
Distribusi Capung Pada Daerah Jalur Air Sungai Di Taman Wisata Alam Suranadi
Authors: Ilhamdi Muhammad Liwa , Idrus Agil Al , Santoso Didik 
Published: September 2019

Capung mempunyai peran penting sebagai bioindikator lingkungan perairan dan warnanya indah sebagai ekowisata sehingga penelitian ini penting dilakukan. Hutan SuranadiÃÂ dikategorikan sebagai salah satu kawasan yang memiliki keunikan secara bioekologi karena menyediakan tempat hidup bagi berbagai jenis capung. Tujuan penelitian ÃÂ untuk mengetahui distribusi capung di daerah jalur air sungai di Taman Wisata Alam Suranadi. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Juni 2019. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah metode survey langsung melalui jalur perairan sungai yang ada di TWA Suranadi. Data di analisis menggunakan uji varians. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa satu spesies Gynacantha manderica berdistribusi teratur dan 15 spesies lainnya berdistribusi mengelompok.
Analisis Kadar Fosfat Dalam Air Sungai Ngelom Kabupaten Sidoarjo Jawa Timur
Authors: Ngibad Khoirul 
Published: September 2019

Fosfat merupakan senyawa kimia dalam bentuk ion yang dapat menurunkan kualitas perairan dan membahayakan kehidupan makhluk hidup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kadar fosfat dalam air sungai Ngelom yang mengalir di Desa Ngelom Kecamatan Taman Kabupaten Sidoarjo. Penentuan kadar fosfat yang terdapat dalam air sungai dilakukan menggunakan metode spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Reagen yang digunakan dalam pengukuran fosfat adalah ammonium molibdat dan SnCl2 yang ditunjukkan dengan perubahan warna menjadi biru. Larutan standar dan sampel tersebut diukur absorbansinya pada panjang gelombang sinar tampak 650 nm. Absorbansi fosfat yang dihasilkan sebanding dengan kadar fosfat yang terdapat dalam air sungai. ÃÂ Penentuan kadar fosfat dalam air sungai dilaksanakan pada rentang konsentrasi linear 10 Ã¢â¬â 180 mg/L dengan nilai correlation coeffisien (r) sebesar 0,9561 dengan limit of detection (LoD) dan limit of quantification (LoQ), masing-masing sebesar 1 mg/L dan 4 mg/L. Hasil pengujian kadar fosfat dalam sampel air sungai menunjukkan bahwa kadar fosfat dalam sampel air sungai berkisar antara 2 Ã¢â¬â 4,7 mg/L.ÃÂ Dengan demikian, kadar fosfat dalam keseluruhan sampel air sungai tersebut masih memenuhi syarat ketentuan PP Republik Indonesia No 82 Tahun 2001 tentang Pengelolaan Kualitas Air dan Pengendalian Pencemaran Air Presiden Republik Indonesia untuk kelas 4.
PERUBAHAN SIFAT FISIK BUAH TOMAT SETELAH PROSES TRANSPORTASI
Authors: Widhiantari Ida Ayu , Sandra Sandra , Djoyowasito Gunomo 
Published: September 2019

Selama kegiatan transportasi buah tomat dapat mengalami kerusakan akibat adanya frekuensi getaran yang berasal dari mesin transportasi dan juga lama waktu kegiatan transportasi. Adanya getaran selama proses transportasi buah tomat dapat mempengaruhi perubahan tekstur buah tomat. Optimasi dilakukan dalam penelitian ini dengan tujuan untuk memperoleh mutu buah tomat yang optimal setelah dilakukan simulasi transportasi. Optimasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan Response Surface Methodology (RSM) central composite design (CCD) dengan dua variabel bebas yaitu frekuensi getaran (3 Hz, 6HZ, dan 9Hz) dan lama waktu penggetaran (120, 150, dan 180 menit) serta tekstur buah tomat sebagai respon. Kondisi optimum diperoleh pada frekuensi getaran 2,33 Hz dan waktu simulasi transportasi 133,42 menit dengan nilai tekstur optimum buah tomat yaitu 0,147768 dengan nilai desirability sebesar 0,928.
Kızılçam Meşcerelerinde Alfa Tür Çeşitliliği – Yetişme Ortamı İlişkileri: Gölhisar Yöresi Örneği
Authors: ŞENTÜRK Özdemir , NEGİZ Mehmet Güvenç , GÜLSOY Serkan 
Published: September 2019

Türkiye’de
özellikle yayılış alanları itibariyle önemli bir asli orman ağacı olan Kızılçam
türünü konu alan birçok çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir, Ancak kızılçam meşcerelerinde yetişme ortamı
özelliklerine bağlı olarak alfa tür çeşitliliği üzerine yapılmış çalışmalar yok
denecek kadar az sayıdadır. Bu çalışma Gölhisar yöresinde bulunan doğal
Kızılçam meşcerelerinde alfa bitki tür çeşitliliği ve yetişme ortamı
ilişkilerini ortaya koymak amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir, Araştırmada
Gölhisar yöresinde doğal kızılçam meşcerelerinde çalışılmış ve 20x20 m boyutlarında 42 örnekleme
alanından elde edilen veriler kullanılmıştır, Örnekleme alanlarında bitki
türlerinin kaplama alanı değerleri Braun-Blaquet yöntemine göre
kaydedilmiştir, Daha sonra bu değerler Fonteain vd, (2007) tarafından
önerildiği şekilde 0-1 aralığında sayısallaştırılmıştır, Yetişme ortamı
özelliklerinden yükselti, eğim, bakı, radyasyon indeksi, sıcaklık indeksi, bakı
uygunluk indeksi ve iklim değişkenleri (Yıllık ortalama sıcaklık vb,) elde edilmiştir, Her
örnekleme alanında alfa bitki tür çeşitliliği Shannon indisine göre PAST
programı yardımıyla hesaplandıktan sonra bu değerler ile yetişme ortamı
özelliklerine ait veriler SPPS paket programında Pearson korelasyon analizine
tabi tutulmuştur, Ayrıca örnekleme alanlarına ait Shannon çeşitlilik değerleri
ile çevresel değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiler yine PAST paket programında Temel
Bileşenler Analizi (TBA) ile ortaya konulmuştur, 42 örnek alandan elde
edilen sonuçlara göre, Shannon çeşitlilik indisi değerleri 1,466 ile 2,834
aralığında değişim göstermiştir, Pearson korelasyon analizi sonucunda alfa tür
çeşitliliği ile kireçtaşı anakayası arasında pozitif yönde ilişki olduğu tespit
edilmiştir, TBA sonucunda; alfa tür çeşitliliği ile eğim ve kireç
taşı anakayası arasında pozitif,
sıcaklık indeksi ve kumtaşı anakayası ile ise negatif yönde istatistiksel olarak
anlamlı ilişki tespit edilmiştir.
Managing Tidal Inlets
Authors: French Jonathan Akin 
Published: September 2019

Sandy inlets are in a dynamic equilibrium between wave-driven littoral drift acting to close them, and tidal flows keeping them open. Their beds are in a continual state of suspension and deposition, so their bathymetry and even location are always in flux. Even so, a nearly linear relationship between an inlet’s cross-sectional flow area and the inshore tidal prism is maintained - except when major wind and/or runoff events act to close or widen an inlet. Inlet location can be stabilized by jetties, but dredging may still be necessary to maintain a navigable channel. Armoring with rock large enough to resist erosion can protect an inlet bed or river mouth from excessive storm flow erosion. Armoring can also be used as a stratagem to close inlets.
Вплив кількості пресових петель на властивості подвійного трикотажу
Authors: Кизимчук О. П. , Буряк О. В. , Головня О. В. 
Published: September 2019

The establishing of the influence of the number of took loops in the repeat of combined interloping on the structure`s parameters and the properties of the weft knitted fabric, which is formed by alternating courses of rib 1 + 1 and half-cardigan, is the purpose of the work. All knitted samples have been produced on a 10-gauge flat bed knitting machine from 32x2 tex semi-wool yarn. Methodology. The study of the structure`s parameters and the relaxation characteristics has been carried out according to standard methods after providing the fabrics with conditionally equilibrium state by wet-heat treatment.
Исследование параметров строения и дизайна азербайджанских национальніх платков келагаи
Authors: Рамазанова Х. , Фарзалиев М. , Искандерова Э. 
Published: September 2019

The publication presents the design features of an important component of the national female Azerbaijani costume - kelagai shawls. A historical analysis of the development of the kelagai production, which reflects the ethnographic, historical, artistic features of folk art, is carried out.
Розробка сучасного одягу для людей з інвалідністю
Authors: Супрун Н. П. , Зубкова Л. І. , Пожилов-Несміян Г. М. , Ващенко Ю. О. 
Published: September 2019

Improvement of the process of clothing development for people with different types of disabilities, due to the algorithm of the sequence of designing and manufacturing of products, schemes of solutions for the improvement of sewing products, taking into account special requirements for design, materials and technology for the manufacture of adaptive clothing.
Socio-Demographic and Clinical Correlates of Exclusive Breastfeeding practices up to Six Months of Age
Authors: Mathew Anil Chankaramangalam , Benny Jibin K , Philip Dona Maria , Dhanya C , Joy Melvin , Sandhiya V , Ramesh S , Neelakandan K 
Published: September 2019

Background: According to the recommendations from The World Health Organization, exclusive breast feeding (EBF) should be given to infants for the first six months for healthy growth and development. However, developing countries have a wide range of variation in the practice of EBF. From this study, we aim to estimate the duration of EBF and find the impact of socio-demographic characteristics on EBF.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted at PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore in the month of July 2018. Mothers with children aged below 4 years attending the paediatric outpatient department were included in the study. Kaplan-Meier curve analysis and logistic regression analysis were employed.
Results: Our analysis indicates that the prevalence of EBF was 58.4% among infants up to 6 months of age with mean duration of EBF 4.52 months. It was observed that mothers of a younger age (15-24 years) and with lower socio-economic status were negatively associated with the practice of providing EBF to infants up to six months of age.
Conclusion: The findings clearly indicate that the interventions related to EBF up to six months of age should be targeted at women in the lower socio-economic status and at younger ages.