bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modified Kunlin's Technique for Microsurgical End-to-End Anastomoses: A Series of 100 Flaps
Authors: Inbal Amir , Collier Zachary Jonathan , Ho Chien-Liang , Gottlieb Lawrence Jay 
Published: January 2019

Background In 1949, a French vascular surgeon, Jean Kunlin, first described a venous end-to-side anastomotic technique to address large vessel size mismatches. It was later modified by Dr. Robert Linton for end-to-end (ETE) anastomoses on the “macrovascular” scale. While multiple procedures exist for addressing moderate caliber discrepancies, few safely and reliably compensate for marked diameter differences at the microvascular level. In this study, we present the first large series adapting a modified geometric Kunlin's technique for arterial and venous ETE anastomoses in reconstructive microsurgery.
Methods We reviewed 100 consecutive cases of free flap reconstructions from 2006 to 2015 utilizing a modified geometric Kunlin's technique for arterial and venous ETE anastomoses. Patient demographics and flap outcomes were analyzed. Overall flap survival rates and postoperative complications were analyzed and compared with standard values in the microsurgical literature.
Results A total of 146 ETE anastomoses from 100 free flaps were analyzed. The average patient age was 51 ± 3.1 years (range: 10–84 years). Free flaps in this study were used for gender confirmation phalloplasties (20%) and reconstructing defects of the head and neck (63%), extremities (16%), and trunk (1%). There was a total of 17 takebacks including 5 for hematoma, 8 for anastomotic thromboses (6 venous), and 4 without any identifiable complication. Of these takebacks, two partial and two complete flap losses occurred. There was an 88% salvage rate for flaps requiring takebacks during the postoperative period. Overall, flap survival rate was 98% including those with complications or takebacks.
Conclusion The modified Kunlin's technique is a reliable, facile, and versatile method of performing ETE anastomoses for arterial and venous vessels, especially with vessel diameter mismatches of 3:1 or greater, as well as for challenging orientations. Notably, it provides equivalent flap survival and complication rates as compared with other techniques in the microsurgical literature.
15.6.3 Isoquinolinones (Update 2018)
Authors: Glushkov V. A. , Shklyaev Yu. V. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis chapter is an update to the earlier Science of Synthesis contribution describing methods for the synthesis of isoquinolin-1(2H)-ones and isoquinolin-3(2H)-ones. The focus is on the literature published in the period 2005-2015, and includes new cyclization reactions, C-H activation methods, and catalysis by metal complexes of nickel, ruthenium, rhodium, and palladium.
31.5.1.5.12 Synthesis of Phenols from Nonaromatic Precursors (Update 2018)
Authors: González-Bello C. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe introduction, or chemical modification, of substituents on an existing aromatic ring is probably the most widely employed strategy for the synthesis of phenols, and these methods are summarized in Sections 31.5.1.1 to 31.5.1.4. However, with such transformations, it is sometimes difficult to achieve satisfactory regiocontrol. Furthermore, the required precursors may be expensive, difficult to synthesize, or simply unavailable. The direct construction of a phenol ring from acyclic precursors that already bear the required substituents at the appropriate positions represents a good alternative. This strategy is particularly useful for the synthesis of highly substituted phenols. In this chapter, an update of the reported methods for this approach, which were originally described in Section 31.5.1.5 of Science of Synthesis in 2007, is provided, and includes methods for benzannulation, cycloaromatization, cyclocondensation, and ring-closing metathesis.
Identifying coupled clusters of allostery participants through chemical shift perturbations
Authors: Xu Yunyao , Zhang Dongyu , Rogawski Rivkah , Nimigean Crina M. , McDermott Ann E. 
Published: January 2019

Significance
Allostery is a common strategy used by nature to transmit information in proteins, including membrane signaling systems, wherein binding of one ligand affects avidity for binding another ligand in a distal site. Methods are needed for elucidation of functional groups that are critical for coupling between the binding sites, which we call allosteric participants. Identifying and characterizing allosteric participants is important for understanding the allosteric mechanism and crucial for developing new drugs. We develop an NMR method to detect allosteric participants that relies on their multistate nature, and we apply this method to a membrane protein, the potassium channel KcsA. We confirm the importance of specific amino acid side chains for allostery through analysis of binding affinities.
Exploring fast proton transfer events associated with lateral proton diffusion on the surface of membranes
Authors: Amdursky Nadav , Lin Yiyang , Aho Noora , Groenhof Gerrit 
Published: January 2019

Significance
Proton diffusion (PD) across biological membranes is a fundamental process in many biological systems, such as in aerobic respiration or in the photosynthesis process. Even though this diffusion process has been studied for many decades, it is still highly enigmatic. Here, we suggest an experimental technique to study the very fast PD events taking place upon the photoinduced release of a proton on the surface of the membrane. We show that the diffusion, as well as the interaction between protons on the surface and protons in bulk media can be influenced by the nature of the membrane’s lipids. Our results shed some light on this unique PD process and help to overcome previous experimental contradictions in the literature.
Zn-dependent bifunctional proteases are responsible for leader peptide processing of class III lanthipeptides
Authors: Chen Shaoming , Xu Bing , Chen Erquan , Wang Jiaqi , Lu Jingxia , Donadio Stefano , Ge Huiming , Wang Huan 
Published: January 2019

Significance
Lanthipeptides represent one of the largest classes of peptide natural products with a ribosomal origin, and their maturation requires a designated protease(s) to remove the N-terminal leader peptides after core peptide modifications are properly installed. For class III lanthipeptides, the identity of the protease(s) responsible for leader processing remains unclear, posing a major obstacle to their heterologous production and bioengineering. This study reveals that an unprecedented class of bifunctional Zn-dependent proteases is universally responsible for the leader removal of class III lanthipeptides, thereby clarifying the long-standing question regarding the biosynthesis of this emerging group of natural products. Our study should facilitate the discovery and bioengineering of class III lanthipeptides in the future.
Magnetic control of graphitic microparticles in aqueous solutions
Authors: Nguyen Johnny , Conca Dario Valter , Stein Johannes , Bovo Laura , Howard Chris A. , Llorente Garcia Isabel 
Published: January 2019

SignificanceThis paper presents the magnetic transport of diamagnetic graphite microparticles in water solutions. Given the dominance of viscous drag forces at the microscale, moving a microparticle that is submerged in liquid is comparably as hard as moving a macroparticle within dense honey. While diamagnetism is a weak magnetic property, for graphite it can be exploited to generate useful transport in liquid. The contactless magnetic control of biocompatible micrographite, together with graphite’s unique physical properties, opens up possibilities for applications in sensing, analysis, synthesis, and diagnosis in chemistry, biology, medicine, and physics.
Peptidic degron for IMiD-induced degradation of heterologous proteins
Authors: Koduri Vidyasagar , McBrayer Samuel K. , Liberzon Ella , Wang Adam C. , Briggs Kimberly J. , Cho Hyejin , Kaelin William G. 
Published: January 2019

Significance
Systems for degrading proteins at will are useful for a variety of biological experiments. Although a number of such systems have been described, they vary widely in terms of complexity, ease of obtaining the necessary reagents, and costs. Moreover, no one system seems to work for all proteins, and the ideal system often must be determined empirically. Thalidomide-like drugs (IMiDs) reprogram the ubiquitiously expressed cereblon ubiquitin ligase complex to degrade the lymphocyte transcription factors IKZF1 and IKZF3. Here, we show that an IKZF3-derived 25mer constitutes a modular degron that can be used to target heterologous proteins for destruction by IMiDs, which are widely available and cross the blood–brain barrier, in cell culture and in mouse experiments.
“Heav’n bess you, my Dear”
Authors: Anglemark Linnéa 
Published: January 2019

AbstractTheEnglish and Swedish Drama Dialogue(ESDD) corpus is a sociopragmatically tagged corpus of English and Swedish drama texts from the eighteenth, nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Using this corpus, I investigated the use of the address termsFool, Dear, SirandBrother. The study focused on the contexts where these terms were found and traced diachronic usage patterns. The main questions asked in the investigation concerned, first, the speaker’s attitude towards the addressees when using the address phrases and whether attitudes connected with particular phrases changed over time; second, whether the phrases could be said to signal intimacy or distance between the interlocutors.
Vocabulary development in closely-related languages
Authors: Lindgren Josefin , Bohnacker Ute 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This paper investigates vocabulary comprehension and production in 46 bilingual Swedish-German children age 4–6 growing up in Sweden. Using a newly developed tool, the Cross-linguistic Lexical Task (CLT, Haman, Łuniewska & Pomiechowska 2015), the children’s receptive and expressive vocabulary knowledge of nouns and verbs is assessed in both their languages, compared to each other and over age. Performance on test items of different word types (nouns/verbs; cognates/non-cognates) is also explored. There are clear vocabulary gains with age for the majority language Swedish, but not for the minority (home) language German. Overall vocabulary scores are higher in Swedish than in German, but this difference only concerns verbs, not nouns. Cognate facilitation occurs both ways in these closely-related languages, but is stronger in the minority language German. We suggest that what at first sight looks like a noun advantage on the German CLT is largely an effect of Swedish/German cognate status.
Metastable phase-assisted nucleation in a near-alpha titanium matrix composite with network architecture
Authors: Zhang Rui , Wang DongJun , Yuan ShiJian 
Published: January 2019

The secondary alpha (αs) phase is an important component of a novel TiBw/TA15 composite with network architecture. In order to investigate the precipitation mechanism of the αs phase, the microstructure after multi-directional forging was characterised by EPMA, EBSD, and TEM. The results showed that several differently sized αs phases separated out from the (Mo and V)-enriched phase, which was composed of a nano-sized metastable omega phase along with some retained beta phase. It could be also found that the metastable omega phase would transform to the alpha phase when adequate activation energy was provided. The precipitation mechanism of the αs phase in this composite has been discussed in detail and it can be inferred as an omega-assisted heterogeneous nucleation process. This paper is part of a thematic issue on Titanium.
Nutritional and bioactive compounds in dried tomato processing waste
Authors: Nour  , Panaite  , Ropota  , Turcu  , Trandafir  , Corbu  
Published: January 2019

This research investigated the nutritional and antioxidant composition of tomato processing waste with the aim to enable the development of new alternatives for the recycling of this by-product. The samples of dried tomato waste were found to contain 176.2 g/kg protein, 21.9 g/kg
fat, 524.4 g/kg crude fiber and 42.1 g/kg ash. The essential amino acids represented 34.2% of total protein, the most abundant being leucine, followed by lysine and isoleucine. Unsaturated fatty acids represent 77.04% of the total fatty acids, linoleic being the major one. The results
confirmed that dried tomato wastes contain considerable amounts of lycopene (510.6 mg/kg) and β-carotene (95.6 mg/kg) and exhibited good antioxidant properties. Total phenolics showed average contents of 1229.5 mg GAE/kg, of which flavonoids accounted for 415.3 mg
QE/kg. Ellagic and chlorogenic acids were the most abundant phenolic acids while among flavonoids only rutin and myricetin were quantified.
Chronotopes and Social Types in South Korean Digital Gaming
Authors: Rea Stephen C. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis article examines a South Korean cultural chronotope from the perspective of Korea’s world-renowned digital gaming culture, including its professional electronic sports (e-sports) scene and the experiences of amateur gamers in online gaming cafés (PC bang). My analysis centers on two of Korean digital gaming culture’s recognizable social types and the spatiotemporal qualities of their play: professional gamers and the quickness embodied in their e-sports performances; and a specific kind of amateur PC bang gamer who is more socially isolated and whose engagement with games is slow and repetitive. I argue that through their performances in digital games’ virtual and actual-world participation frameworks, gamers orient to these social types in ways that differentially construe their relationships to semiotic depictions of places, times, and personhoods. Thinking through these orientations and their spatial, temporal, and social qualities is critical to understanding chronotopic representations of contemporary Korea.
The Spatiotemporal Transformations of Lutheran Airplanes
Authors: Handman Courtney 
Published: January 2019

AbstractLutheran missionaries in pre–World War II colonial New Guinea transformed their mission when they became the first group to use “aviation for souls.” Transformations in modes of circulation (from muddy, dark paths through dense rainforests into fast, sun-filled flights above a mountainous landscape) depended upon the discursive organization of a set of different space-times—to use Nancy Munn’s term—so as to properly sacralize a mode of transportation that had until then been used almost exclusively in service of colonial resource extraction at the New Guinea gold fields. The mission prized movement and circulation as a Christian evangelistic practice in and of itself, in which the “message” and the process of its spread could be conflated. Yet this emphasis on circulation has been obscured by the almost exclusive attention within the anthropology of religion to evangelism as a form of agonistic comparison between Christianity and local culture and within linguistic anthropology to circulation as about type-token relations among texts.
Ragtime, Clockwork: Community Work, Mobility, and Chronotope Production in Amazonian Communities
Authors: Browne Ribeiro Anna 
Published: January 2019

AbstractInhabitants of Gurupá, a rural municipality in the Brazilian Amazon, routinely move between economic, social, and territorial systems that order community spheres, the Brazilian state apparatus, and global networks. Each of these comes encumbered with temporalities and spatialities that differentially parse space and time. Drawing upon my ethnographic fieldwork, I examine how chronotopes are made, and remade, in a place where community commitments are paramount. Through planning and calculation of urgency and priority, Gurupaenses make strategic choices to achieve calibration between Clockwork and community time. By waiting or leaving, hurrying or lingering, and by choosing the object, mode, and speed of motion, actors independently and communally “flex” time, constructing a Ragtime temporality in which some intervals are stretched and others compressed. In so doing, actors strategically navigate these theoretically incommensurable chronotopes, thus meeting immediate and long-term needs and attending to the social, economic, and political demands of both worlds.
Report on supplementary comparison COOMET.PR-S2: angle of rotation of plane of polarization
Authors: Vishnyakov G N , Fricke A , Parkhomenko N M , Przybylska J 
Published: January 2019

The Supplementary Comparison COOMET.PR-S2 was carried out to ensure the correctness and comparability of angle of rotation of plane of polarization measured by the Participants of the comparison within the uncertainties claimed for their measuring facility.
COOMET.PR-S2 was conducted within the Regional Metrology Organization (RMO) "Euro-Asian Cooperation of National Metrological Institutions" known as COOMET and has the RMO project number of 438/RU/08.
The Comparison was piloted by the All-Russian Research Institute for Optical and Physical Measurements (VNIIOFI). Four NMIs from two RMOs (COOMET and EURAMET) participated in the comparison.
This report describes the measurement results of three quartz control plates (QCP) with different value of optical rotations at the wavelength of He-Ne laser (632.8 nm).
KEY WORDS FOR SEARCH
Polarimetry, angle of rotation of plane of polarization, quartz control plates, optical rotation

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCPR, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Executive Functioning as a Predictor of Weight Loss and Physical Activity Outcomes
Authors: Butryn Meghan L , Martinelli Mary K , Remmert Jocelyn E , Roberts Savannah R , Zhang Fengqing , Forman Evan M , Manasse Stephanie M 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background
Executive functioning, which is fundamental for carrying out goal-directed behaviors, may be an underappreciated predictor of outcomes in lifestyle modification programs for adults with obesity.

Purpose
This study tested the hypotheses that higher levels of baseline executive functioning would predict greater weight loss and physical activity after 6 months of behavioral treatment.

Methods
Participants (N = 320) were recruited from the community and provided with 16 treatment sessions. Executive functioning was measured with the tower task component of the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS). At months 0 and 6, weight was measured in the clinic and physical activity was measured with tri-axial accelerometers.

Results
Baseline D-KEFS achievement score, rule violations, and completion time significantly predicted weight loss at 6 months. For example, among participants without any rule violations (n = 162), weight loss averaged 11.0%, while those with rule violations (n = 158) averaged 8.7% weight loss. Rule violations also significantly predicted physical activity at 6 months. Among participants without any rule violations, physical activity at 6 months averaged 169.8 min/week, versus 127.2 min/week among those with rule violations.

Conclusions
Particular aspects of executive functioning may predict the relative ease or difficulty of changing eating and exercise-related behaviors, albeit with small effect sizes. This study is the first to our knowledge to detect a predictive relationship between components of executive functioning and objectively measured physical activity in adult lifestyle modification, and one of the first to predict weight loss in adults using an objective measure of executive functioning.

ClinicalTrials.gov registration number
NCT02363010
Factor Analysis of the Texas Functional Living Scale in an Outpatient Clinical Sample
Authors: Lowe Deborah A , Nguyen Christopher M , Copeland Christopher T , Linck John F 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Objective
Prior factor analysis of the Texas Functional Living Scale (TFLS), a performance-based measure of functional abilities, in a military veteran sample supported four factors discrepant from the published subscales. This study analyzed TFLS factor structure in a non-veteran clinical sample.

Method
Two hundred seventy adult outpatients completed the TFLS during neuropsychological evaluation. Principal axis factor analysis with oblique promax rotation was conducted with age and education effects partialed out.

Results
Parallel analysis indicated five factors for extraction that accounted for a combined 48% of the variance. The first factor independently explained 26% of the total variance. Inspection of factor loadings suggested the following factor interpretations: complex calculations/time, complex visual search, praxis, memory, and basic calculations/math concepts. Five items did not significantly load onto any of the factors.

Conclusions
Current results did not entirely correspond to the published subscales or prior results in a veteran sample. Further clarification of the TFLS factor structure is warranted.
The expanding roles of APETALA2/Ethylene Responsive Factors and their potential applications in crop improvement
Authors: Srivastava Rajat , Kumar Rahul 
Published: January 2019

AbstractUnderstanding the molecular basis of the gene-regulatory networks underlying agronomic traits or plant responses to abiotic/biotic stresses is very important for crop improvement. In this context, transcription factors, which either singularly or in conjugation directly control the expression of many target genes, are suitable candidates for improving agronomic traits via genetic engineering. In this regard, members of one of the largest class of plant-specific APETALA2/Ethylene Response Factor (AP2/ERF) superfamily, which is implicated in various aspects of development and plant stress adaptation responses, are considered high-value targets for crop improvement. Besides their long-known regulatory roles in mediating plant responses to abiotic stresses such as drought and submergence, the novel roles of AP2/ERFs during fruit ripening or secondary metabolites production have also recently emerged. The astounding functional plasticity of AP2/ERF members is considered to be achieved by their interplay with other regulatory networks and signalling pathways. In this review, we have integrated the recently accumulated evidence from functional genomics studies and described their newly emerged functions in plants. The key structural features of AP2/ERF proteins and the modes of their action are briefly summarized. The importance of AP2/ERFs in plant development and stress responses and a summary of the event of their successful applications in crop improvement programs are also provided. Altogether, we envisage that the synthesized information presented in this review will be useful to design effective strategies for improving agronomic traits in crop plants.