bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contribution of autophagy‐related gene 5 variants to acquired aplastic anemia in Han‐Chinese population
Authors: You Yahong , Huo Jiali , Huang Jinbo , Wang Min , Shao Yingqi , Ge Meili , Li Xingxin , Huang Zhendong , Zhang Jing , Nie Neng , Zheng Yizhou 
Published: February 2019

AbstractImmune‐mediated quantitative and qualitative defects of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) play a vital role in the pathophysiology of acquired aplastic anemia (AA). Autophagy is closely related to T cell pathophysiology and the destiny of HSPCs, in which autophagy‐related gene 5 (ATG5) is indispensably involved. We hypothesized that genetic variants of ATG5 might contribute to AA. We studied six ATG5 polymorphisms in a Chinese cohort of 176 patients with AA to compare with 157 healthy controls. A markedly decreased risk of AA in the recessive models of rs510432 and rs803360 polymorphisms (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.467 [0.236‐0.924], P = 0.029 for ATG5 rs510432; adjusted OR [95% CI] = 0.499 [0.255‐0.975], P = 0.042 for ATG5 rs803360) was observed. Furthermore, the decreased risk was even more pronounced among nonsevere AA compared with healthy controls under recessive models (adjusted OR [95% CI] = 0.356 [0.141‐0.901], P = 0.029 for ATG5 rs510432; adjusted OR [95% CI] = 0.348 [0.138‐0.878], P = 0.025 for ATG5 rs803360; adjusted OR [95% CI] = 0.352 [0.139‐0.891], P = 0.027 for ATG5 rs473543). Above all, rs573775 can strongly predict the occurrence of newly onset hematological event in patients with AA. Our results indicate that genetic ATG5 variants contributed to AA, which may facilitate further clarifying the underlying mechanisms of AA and making a patient‐tailored medical decision.
Personality‐driven depression: The case for malignant self‐regard (and depressive personalities)
Authors: Huprich Steven K. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMany patients with chronic depression are not well‐treated. In part, this is due to the underlying personality dynamics that maintain the depressive experience are ignored. In this paper, I describe the concept of malignant self‐regard, a derivative of the depressive personality. I describe briefly its origins in the clinical and empirical literature and focus upon the presentation of a case of a patient who displays a prototypic manifestation of malignant self‐regard. I offer some ideas for how to manage such patients, with a focus on countertransference experiences that can be used to inform treatment.
Fractionated ionizing radiation facilitates interferon‐γ signaling and anticancer activity in lung adenocarcinoma cells
Authors: Wu Szu‐Yuan , Chen Chia‐Ling , Tseng Po‐Chun , Chiu Chi‐Yun , Lin Yung‐En , Lin Chiou‐Feng 
Published: February 2019

AbstractFractionated ionizing radiation (FIR) is a radiotherapy regimen that is regularly performed as part of lung cancer treatment. In contrast to the growth inhibition caused by DNA damage, immunomodulation in post‐irradiated cancer cells is not well documented. Interferon (IFN)‐γ confers anticancer activity by triggering both growth inhibition and cytotoxicity. This study investigated the priming effects of FIR with immunomodulation on the anticancer IFN‐γ. Cell morphology, cell growth, and cytotoxicity were observed in FIR‐treated A549 lung adenocarcinoma. Induction of p53 and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) were monitored. Following FIR, activation of IFN‐γ signaling pathways were detected. FIR caused changes in cell morphology, inhibited cell growth, and induced cytotoxicity. While p53 was induced by FIR, no epithelial–mesenchymal transition could be found. Following IFN‐γ stimulation, FIR‐induced p53‐associated cell cytotoxicity was significantly enhanced. Additionally, FIR increased the downstream response to IFN‐γ by facilitating IFN‐γ‐induced signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) signaling without affecting the receptor expression. FIR‐facilitated STAT1 activation through the mechanism involving mitogen‐activated protein kinase activation and Src‐homology 2 domain‐containing tyrosine phosphatase 2 inactivation. These results demonstrate the FIR‐facilitated IFN‐γ signaling and its anticancer activity.
Sodium fluoride regulates the osteo/odontogenic differentiation of stem cells from apical papilla by modulating autophagy
Authors: Pan Yin , Li Zehan , Wang Yanqiu , Yan Ming , Wu Jintao , Beharee Romila Gobin , Yu Jinhua 
Published: February 2019

AbstractFluoride (sodium fluoride) is thought to be essential in the development of tooth, and research shows that fluoride can modulate the differentiation of dental stem cells. However, the effects of fluoride on the committed differentiation of stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs) and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, SCAPs were isolated from healthy extracted human third molars with immature roots and then were cultured with NaF conditioned media. Cell Counting Kit‐8, EdU staining, and flow cytometry were performed to detected the proliferation activity. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Alizarin Red staining, Western blot assay, and real‐time reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction were applied to assess the osteo/odontogenic differentiation NaF‐treated SCAPs. Western blot assay and transmission electron microscope were used to evaluate the autophagy involved in the differentiation of SCAPs. ALP activity, ALP protein, and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression showed that 0.5 mM was the optimal concentration for the induction of SCAPs by NaF. 0.5 mM NaF‐treated SCAPs induced more mineralized nodules as compared with untreated cells. Moreover, the osteo/odontogenic markers (RUNX2, OSX, DSP, and OCN) in mRNA levels were upregulated while the protein levels of these markers increased considerably in 0.5 mM NaF‐treated SCAPs. Furthermore, the autophagy‐related proteins (LC3, ATG5, and Beclin1) increased in NaF‐treated SCAPs, and the osteo/odontogenic makers significantly decreased while silencing ATG5 to block autophagy. In all, sodium fluoride can regulate the osteo/odontogenic differentiation of SCAPs by modulating autophagy.
Retracted: Protection of miR‐19b in hypoxia/reoxygenation‐induced injury by targeting PTEN
Authors: Liu Wan‐Gen , Han Li‐Li , Xiang Rong 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo study the role and mechanism of microRNA 19b (miR‐19b) in hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)‐induced injury by targeting PTEN.MethodsPC12 and BV2 cells induced by H/R were treated with miR‐19b mimics/inhibitors or small interfering PTEN (si‐PTEN), respectively. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level, malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) content was detected. Besides, cell viability and apoptosis were determined by 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide, Hoechst33342 staining, and flow cytometry, whereas mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) tested by JC‐1 assay, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) evaluated by the dichloro‐dihydro‐fluorescein diacetate assay. The ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) rats model was used to investigate the effects of miR‐19b in vivo test. The infarct area and apoptosis rates in brain tissues were detected by 2,3,5‐triphenyltetrazolium chloride and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated dUTP‐biotin nick end labeling staining, respectively. miR‐19b and PTEN/PI3K/Akt pathway‐related proteins were detected by quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis.ResultsmiR‐19b mimics could reduce LDH, MDA, and ROS levels and decline cell apoptosis, but enhance the viability, MMP, and SOD activity with decreased PTEN and cleaved caspase, as well as increased p‐Akt/Akt and Bcl‐2/Bax ratios in H/R‐induced PC12 and BV2 cells. However, miR‐19b inhibitors led to completely opposite results to aggravate H/R‐induced cell injury. Meanwhile, si‐PTEN could reverse the effect of miR‐19b inhibitors on H/R‐induced injury. Moreover, treatment with miR‐19b agomir after I/R in vivo sufficiently decreased infarct area and reduced apoptosis rates by targeting PTEN through the regulation of the PI3K/Akt pathway.ConclusionmiR‐19b could inhibit oxidative stress, enhance cell MMP, promote cell survival, and inhibit cell apoptosis by targeting PTEN via the regulation of the PI3K/Akt pathway, thus playing the neuronal protective effects.
The apical Na+–HCO3− cotransporter Slc4a7 (NBCn1) does not contribute to bicarbonate transport by mouse salivary gland ducts
Authors: Yang Ning‐Yan , Mukaibo Taro , Kurtz Ira , Melvin James E. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe HCO3
− secretion mechanism in salivary glands is unclear but is thought to rely on the co‐ordinated activity of multiple ion transport proteins including members of the
Slc4 family of bicarbonate transporters. Slc4a7 was immunolocalized to the apical membrane of mouse submandibular duct cells. In contrast, Slc4a7 was not detected in acinar cells, and correspondingly,
Slc4a7 disruption did not affect fluid secretion in response to cholinergic or β‐adrenergic stimulation in the submandibular gland (SMG). Much of the Na
+‐dependent intracellular pH (pH
i) regulation in SMG duct cells was insensitive to 4,4′‐diisothiocyano‐2,2′‐stilbenedisulfonic acid, S0859, and to the removal of extracellular HCO
3
−. Consistent with these latter observations, the
Slc4a7 null mutation had no impact on HCO
3
− secretion nor on pH
i regulation in duct cells. Taken together, our results revealed that Slc4a7 targets to the apical membrane of mouse SMG duct cells where it contributes little if any to pH
i regulation or stimulated HCO
3
− secretion.
The conversion of glycerol to methyl lactate catalyzed by tin‐exchanged montmorillonite‐supported gold catalysts
Authors: Li Jifan , Li Duo , Liu Chun‐Ling , Xu Chunli , Dong Wen‐Sheng 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDGlycerol is a versatile platform compound to produce valuable chemicals. One‐pot direct conversion of glycerol into methyl lactate with methanol as solvent is very attractive, because it can reduce intermediate steps and avoid the separation of glycerol/methanol mixtures.RESULTSA series of tin (Sn)‐exchanged montmorillonite(M)‐supported Au catalysts were prepared by a combination of ion exchange and colloidal deposition methods, and designed as bifunctional catalysts containing gold (Au) and solid acid. These catalysts were employed for one‐pot conversion of glycerol to methyl lactate in methanol. The Au/Sn(20)‐Mt catalyst gave a high yield of methyl lactate of 54% upon conversion of 0.25 mol L–1 glycerol methanol solution over 0.07 g catalyst at 210 °C under 3 MPa air for 5 h. The good performance of Au/Sn(20)‐Mt was ascribed to the coexistence of small Au particle and abundance of acid sites. The glycerol conversion remained almost unchanged in the five recycled runs, whereas the methyl lactate yield decreased after the first run but kept stably in the later four catalytic runs.CONCLUSIONSAmong the series of Sn‐exchanged Mt‐supported Au catalysts, Au/Sn(20)‐Mt showed the highest glycerol conversion and methyl lactate yield. Containing both small Au particles and having an abundance of acid sites contributed to the excellent catalytic activity of Au/Sn(20)‐Mt. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Sample preparation method for visualization of nanoparticulate captured on mixed cellulose ester filter media by enhanced darkfield microscopy and hyperspectral imaging
Authors: Neu‐Baker Nicole M. , Eastlake Adrienne C. , Brenner Sara A. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA significant hurdle in conducting effective health and safety hazard analysis and risk assessment for the nanotechnology workforce is the lack of a rapid method for the direct visualization and analysis of filter media used to sample nanomaterials from work environments that represent potential worker exposure. Current best‐known methods include transmission electron microscopy (TEM) coupled with energy dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy (EDS) for elemental identification. TEM‐EDS is considerably time‐, cost‐, and resource‐intensive, which may prevent timely health and safety recommendations and corrective actions. A rapid screening method is currently being explored using enhanced darkfield microscopy with hyperspectral imaging (EDFM‐HSI). For this approach to be effective, rapid, and easy, sample preparation that is amenable to the analytical technique is needed. Here, we compare the sample preparation steps for mixed cellulose ester (MCE) filter media specified in NIOSH Method 7400—Asbestos and Other Fibers by Phase Contrast Microscopy (PCM)—against a new method, which involves saturation of the filter media with acetone. NIOSH Method 7400 was chosen as a starting point since it is an established technique for preparing transparent MCE filters for optical microscopy. Limitations in this method led to the development and comparison of a new method. The new method was faster, easier, and rendered filters more transparent, resulting in improved visualization and analysis of nanomaterials via EDFM‐HSI. This new method is suitable for a rapid screening protocol due to its speed, ease of use, and the improvement in image acquisition and analysis.
A reproducing kernel Hilbert space method for solving the nonlinear three‐point boundary value problems
Authors: Foroutan Mohammadreza , Asadi Raheleh , Ebadian Ali 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe main objective of this paper is to present a reproducing kernel Hilbert space method for computing solutions of nonlinear third‐order ordinary differential equations under multipoint boundary conditions. Some other aspects of the reproducing kernel Hilbert space method, such as convergence analysis and error estimate, are also discussed. The proposed method is a well‐performance technique for calculating the best approximate solution of nonlinear boundary value problems. Our numerical experiments validate our theoretical findings and demonstrate the desirable performance of the algorithm in terms of simplicity, accuracy, and efficiency.
Teachers’ Beliefs of Creative Children
Authors: Paek Sue Hyeon , Sumners Sarah E. , Sharpe Desiree I. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractTeachers’ beliefs about characteristics of creative children do not always align with how creative children actually behave. Understanding these misaligned beliefs—defined as misconceptions—is important because teachers’ misconceptions can undermine efforts to foster children's creative development. This study aimed to identify teachers’ beliefs about the characteristics of creative children with an emphasis on their misconceptions about characteristics as either indicative or contraindicative of creative children. We analyzed responses of 136 teachers to 29 characteristics, indicating or contraindicating creative children, on Gough's (1979). Creative Personality Scale using the Rating Scale Model. Results revealed that teachers tended to have more misconceptions about characteristics contraindicative of creative children than characteristics indicative of creative children while teachers were able to accurately recognize certain characteristics when compared with explicit theories of creativity. In both the indicative and contraindicative characteristics, misconceptions appeared to increase if characteristics were desirable in the classroom. Teachers’ misconceptions may conceal creative potential in children who do not manage their undesirable characteristics in constructive ways. Findings provide practical implications to aid teachers and teacher educators in correcting misconceptions about the characteristics of creative children.
Effect of lactoferrin on physicochemical properties and microstructure of pullulan‐based edible films
Authors: Zhao Zhengtao , Xiong Xiong , Zhou Hui , Xiao Qian 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDPullulan is a polysaccharide polymer commonly used to produce edible films. However, pure pullulan film is usually brittle and very hydrophilic, which limit its use in both food and pharmaceutical fields. The objective of this research is to improve the structural and mechanical properties of pullulan film by incorporating globular protein lactoferrin (LF).RESULTSThe incorporation of LF increased the surface hydrophobicity and decreased the water vapor permeability (WVP) of pullulan film. The presence of low concentrations of LF (< 0.03%) has no significant influence on tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (EAB) of pullulan film. However, further increase of LF concentration to levels > 0.03% resulted in a film‐weakening effect. LF molecules aggregated with each other during the film‐producing process, which presented as spherical particles from the observation of microscopy. LF aggregates dispersed homogeneously throughout the pullulan matrix and their size increased with increasing concentration. Analysis from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated that the secondary structure of LF molecules was modified during the drying process.CONCLUSIONSIt is possible to increase the hydrophobicity of pullulan film while maintaining its mechanical properties. The produced composite film can be potentially used for food and medical packaging. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Modified laser beam welding of aluminum‐silicon coated 22MnB5
Authors: Gerhards B. , Engels O. , Olschok S. , Reisgen U. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPress hardened 22MnB5 is an excellent structural material, but there are several issues when it comes to welding. Especially in the case of overlap joint laser welding, the most severe issue is precipitation of the aluminium silicon (AlSi) coating at the fusion line. If the coating remains on the sheets, an ultimate strength of 20 kN with a crack initiation at the fusion line is reached in tensile tests instead of 30 kN with a crack initiation in the heat affected zone (HAZ) when the coating is removed prior to welding. In the presented work, the influence of coating on the material properties as well as the structure of the precipitation at the fusion line are examined and discussed. It is stated that the precipitation does not consist of AlxFey intermetallic phases, but of an iron, aluminium and silicon solid solution. The fractured surfaces of tensile tests show brittle behavior for the precipitation and ductile behavior for areas where the crack propagated through the steel. A modified beam oscillation in the shape of a recumbent “8” in welding direction is introduced. It was possible to increase the ultimate strength by 10 kN and nearly double the possible elongation.
The regulation of oxidative phosphorylation pathway on Vibrio alginolyticus adhesion under adversities
Authors: Huang Li , Huang Lixing , Zhao Lingmin , Qin Yingxue , Su Yongquan , Yan Qingpi 
Published: February 2019

AbstractVibrio alginolyticus is one of the most important pathogens in mariculture and leading to heavy losses. After treatment with Cu2+, Pb2+, and low pH, the expression of oxidative phosphorylation pathway genes, including coxA, coxB, coxC, ccoN, ccoO, and ccoQ, was found commonly downregulated by RNA‐seq as well as quantitative real‐time PCR. RNAi significantly reduced the expression of coxA, coxB, coxC, ccoN, ccoO, and ccoQ in V. alginolyticus. Compared with the wild‐type strain, the adhesion abilities of RNAi strains of V. alginolyticus were significantly impaired, as well as their cytochrome C oxidase activity. ccoQ appeared to be more important in the regulation of bacterial adhesion in these target genes, while ccoO was relatively weak in the regulation of the adhesion. Meanwhile, the changes of temperature, salinity, pH, and starvation affected coxA, coxB, coxC, ccoN, ccoO, and ccoQ expression remarkably. These findings indicated that: the oxidative phosphorylation pathway is a critical regulator of adhesion in V. alginolyticus; coxA, coxB, coxC, ccoN, ccoO, and ccoQ regulate the bacterial adhesion in response to environmental changes such as temperature, salinity, pH, and starvation.
MLR, PLSR‐BR Analysis and MBPLSR to Interpret Multivariate QSPR Models. The Case of a Micellar Liquid Chromatography Descriptor (log KWSDS)
Authors: Ermondi Giuseppe , Caron Giulia 
Published: February 2019

AbstractImproving the interpretability of multivariate QSPR models is a major issue in modern drug discovery. In this study we applied three strategies to model and deconvolute the balance of intermolecular forces governing log KWSDS, a chromatographic descriptor of potential relevance in the prediction of ADME phenomena.A dataset of 77 compounds was set‐up and an ad hoc pool of VS+ descriptors calculated. The data matrix was firstly submitted to a PCA run for a preliminary analysis and outliers detection. To model and interpret log KWSDS three chemoinformatic approaches implementing either variable selection or grouping tools were used: a) MLR and GA, b) PLSR combined with BR analysis and c) MBPLSR. Results provided by the three methods were largely superposable both in terms of prediction performances and mechanistic interpretation. Overall, they showed that log KWSDS is a complex descriptor mainly governed by the dimension, polarity and HBD solutes’ properties.Chemoinformatic strategies as those reported in this paper might be applied to any chromatographic system and thus represent a potent tool to exploit the full potential of chromatographic descriptors in pharmaceutical, toxicological and related sciences.
Long‐term safety and efficacy of eculizumab in generalized myasthenia gravis
Authors: Muppidi Srikanth , Utsugisawa Kimiaki , Benatar Michael , Murai Hiroyuki , Barohn Richard J. , Illa Isabel , Jacob Saiju , Vissing John , Burns Ted M. , Kissel John T. , Nowak Richard J. , Andersen Henning , Casasnovas Carlos , de Bleecker Jan L. , Vu Tuan H. , Mantegazza Renato , O'Brien Fanny L. , Wang Jing Jing , Fujita Kenji P. , Howard James F. ,   for the Regain Study Group
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Eculizumab is effective and well tolerated in patients with antiacetylcholine receptor antibody‐positive refractory generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG; REGAIN; NCT01997229). We report an interim analysis of an open‐label extension of REGAIN, evaluating eculizumab's long‐term safety and efficacy. Methods: Eculizumab (1,200 mg every 2 weeks for 22.7 months [median]) was administered to 117 patients. Results: The safety profile of eculizumab was consistent with REGAIN; no cases of meningococcal infection were reported during the interim analysis period. Myasthenia gravis exacerbation rate was reduced by 75% from the year before REGAIN (P < 0.0001). Improvements with eculizumab in activities of daily living, muscle strength, functional ability, and quality of life in REGAIN were maintained through 3 years; 56% of patients achieved minimal manifestations or pharmacological remission. Patients who had received placebo during REGAIN experienced rapid and sustained improvements during open‐label eculizumab (P < 0.0001). Discussion: These findings provide evidence for the long‐term safety and sustained efficacy of eculizumab for refractory gMG. Muscle Nerve 2019