bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nondairy ice cream based on fermented yam (Dioscoreasp.)
Authors: Batista Nádia N. , Ramos Cíntia L. , Pires Josiane F. , Moreira Silvino I. , Alves Eduardo , Dias Disney R. , Schwan Rosane F. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe demand for industrialized foods that contribute to health and well‐being has characterized the new generation of consumers. Yam (Dioscoreasp.) is a nutritious food; however, it is not used very much in industrial food processes. The objective of this study was to develop and to characterize a truly dairy‐free low‐fat ice cream prepared from unfermented and fermented with yam dough.ResultsThe fermentation was conducted byLeuconostoc lacticCCMA 0415 remained viable (107 CFU/g) during 90 days of storage. The fermentation process reduced the starch concentration from 26.82% to 22.35% and the protein concentration from 4.68% to 3.99% and increased the concentration of some minerals (K, S, Cu, Mn, Zn, and Fe). The total phenolic contents for fermented and unfermented ice creams were 51 and 54 mg, respectively. The radical scavenging activity were 18% and 10% with the 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl method and 44% and 26% with the 2,2’‐azino‐bis (3 ethylbenzo‐thiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) method for the unfermented and fermented samples, respectively. The fermented and unfermented ice creams were both characterized as non‐Newtonian fluids exhibiting pseudoplastic behaviors.ConclusionsThese results indicated that yam is a suitable substitute for milk, thus making it an option to produce edible lactose‐free ice cream with low fat.
Radiation‐induced sensitivity of tissue‐resident mesenchymal stem cells in the head and neck region
Authors: Spiegel Jennifer L. , Hambrecht Mario , Kohlbauer Vera , Haubner Frank , Ihler Friedrich , Canis Martin , Schilling Arndt F. , Böker Kai O. , Dressel Ralf , Streckfuss‐Bömeke Katrin , Jakob Mark 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundTissue‐resident mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess the ability to migrate to areas of inflammation and promote the regeneration of damaged tissue. However, it remains unclear how radiation influences this capacity of MSC in the head and neck region.MethodsTwo types of MSCs of the head and neck region (mucosa [mMSC] and parotid gland [pMSC]) were isolated, cultured and exposed to single radiation dosages of 2 Gy/day up to 10 days. Effects on morphology, colony forming ability, apoptosis, chemokine receptor expression, cytokine secretion, and cell migration were analyzed.ResultsAlthough MSC preserved MSC‐specific regenerative abilities and immunomodulatory properties following irradiation in our in vitro model, we found a deleterious impact on colony forming ability, especially in pMSC.ConclusionsMSC exhibited robustness and activation upon radiation for the support of tissue regeneration, but lost their potential to replicate, thus possibly leading to depletion of the local MSC‐pool after irradiation
Emerging in‐plane anisotropic two‐dimensional materials
Authors: Li Liang , Han Wei , Pi Lejing , Niu Ping , Han Junbo , Wang Chengliang , Su Bin , Li Huiqiao , Xiong Jie , Bando Yoshio , Zhai Tianyou 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBlack phosphorus (BP) is a rapidly up and coming star in two‐dimensional (2D) materials. The unique characteristic of BP is its in‐plane anisotropy. This characteristic of BP ignites a new type of 2D materials that have low‐symmetry structures and in‐plane anisotropic properties. On this basis, they offer richer and more unique low‐dimensional physics compared to isotropic 2D materials, thus providing a fertile ground for novel applications including electronics, optoelectronics, molecular detection, thermoelectric, piezoelectric, and ferroelectric with respect to in‐plane anisotropy. This article reviews the recent advance in characterization and applications of in‐plane anisotropic 2D materials.
Effective delivery of mitomycin‐C and meloxicam by double‐layer electrospun membranes for the prevention of epidural adhesions
Authors: Shi Rui , Huang Yuelong , Zhang Jingshuang , Wu Chengai , Gong Min , Tian Wei , Zhang Liqun 
Published: April 2019

AbstractEpidural adhesion between the spinal dura and the surrounding fibrous tissue often occurs post‐laminectomy, resulting in clinical symptoms such as nerve compression and severe pain. In this study, we report a drug‐loaded double‐layered electrospun nanofiber membrane to prevent the occurrence of epidural adhesion. The nanofibers in both layers are made of a mixture of polycaprolactone (PCL) and chitosan (CS) but at different weight ratios. The bottom layer contacting to the spinal dura is loaded with meloxicam (MX) to prevent inflammation. The top layer that contacts to the fibrous tissue is doped with mitomycin‐C (MMC) to inhibit the synthesis of DNA and collagen. The two types of drugs are released from the double‐layered membrane within about 12 days. Meanwhile, the membrane can inhibit fibroblasts proliferation in vitro while show no cytotoxicity. In a rabbit laminectomy model, the double‐layered membrane can effectively prevent the epidural adhesion formation based on the adhesion scores, histological and biochemical evaluations. The combination release of MX and MMC can signally reduce the inflammation reaction and collagen I/III expression relative to the case with the membranes loaded with only either one type of the drugs. This approach offers new progresses in constructing dual drug delivery system and provides innovative barrier strategy in inhibiting epidural adhesion post‐laminectomy.
RETRACTED: Downregulation of miRNA‐30a enhanced autophagy in osthole‐alleviated myocardium ischemia/reperfusion injury
Authors: Liu Shengzhong , He Ying , Shi Jun , Liu Lulu , Ma Hao , He Li , Guo Yingqiang 
Published: April 2019

AbstractOsthole could alleviate myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we explored whether microRNA (miR)‐30a and its target autophagy marker Beclin‐1 involved in the osthole protective role in the rat and cells myocardial I/R injury models. The myocardial damages including increases in myocardial collagen content and cell apoptosis in I/R injury model were observed by Masson's Trichrome Staining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick‐end labeling (TUNEL) assays. Osthole significantly inhibited the myocardial damages. Osthole inhibited the induction of miR‐30a expression by I/R in rat and hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) in myocardial cells. After knockdown, the expression of miR‐30a by miR‐30a inhibitor, H/R induced cell apoptosis was significantly inhibited. The level of Beclin‐1 expression and ratio of LC3BII/LC3BI were inhibited by I/R in rat and H/R in myocardial cells, whereas osthole significantly increased them. Knockdown of miR‐30a significantly upregulated the Beclin‐1 expression and ratio of LC3BII/LC3BI. Inhibition of autophagy by 3‐MA significantly reversed the protective role of osthole in H/R myocardial cell. Therefore, we concluded that the mechanism by which osthole alleviate myocardial I/R injury may be achieved by enhancing the autophagy partially via inhibiting the expression of miR‐30a.
Clinical prognostic evaluation of immunocytes in different molecular subtypes of breast cancer
Authors: Zenan Huang , Zixiong Li , Zhicheng Yao , Mei Huang , Xiongbin Yang , Tiantian Wang , Min Dong , Renbin Liu , Changchang Jia 
Published: April 2019

AbstractTo retrospectively analyze the relationship between preoperative blood parameters and postoperative clinical outcomes in patients with different molecular subtypes of breast cancer (BC), a cohort of 601 patients with BC in the Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen University, was retrospectively reviewed. They were categorized into four subtypes according to the expression of ER, PR, HER‐2, and KI‐67%. White blood cell, neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, eosinophil, basophil, and platelet counts, the neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), the neutrophil‐to‐monocyte ratio (NMR), the lymphocyte‐to‐monocyte ratio (LMR), and the platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were recorded. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the relationship between parameters and ratios and disease‐free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Luminal subtypes of BC had smaller tumor volume, better differentiation degree of invasive ductal carcinoma, less lymph node metastasis, and better clinical outcome than the HER‐2 overexpression and triple‐negative BC (TNBC) subtypes. In multivariate analysis, age and LMR were the independent prognostic factors of DFS in patients with luminal A (age, p = 0.005; LMR, P = 0.026); PLR in patients with luminal B (DFS; p = 0.032; OS, p= 0.012); LMR in patients with HER‐2 overexpression (DFS; p = 0.008; OS, p = 0.017); and NLR for DFS (p = 0.014); and WBC for OS (p = 0.008) in patients with TNBC. LMR was the benign predictor of luminal A and HER‐2 overexpression. PLR was the adverse predictor of luminal B. WBC and NLR were the adverse predictors of TNBC. Therefore, these peripheral blood parameters can play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with different molecular subtypes of BC.
Hepatitis B core antigen can regulate NLRP3 inflammasome pathway in HepG2 cells
Authors: Ding Xiaolin , Lei Qingsong , Li Tianju , Li Lin , Qin Bo 
Published: April 2019

AbstractHepatitis B virus (HBV) has four open reading frames (ORFs) of whichORF Cis consists of thepre CoreandCoregenes encodes the Hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) and Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg). Studies have shown that HBeAg significantly inhibits the NLRP3 inflammasome activation and interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) production. However, the role of HBcAg and ORF C proteins (in this paper, ORF C proteins = HBcAg + HBeAg) were remain unclear. Our study aims to assess whether HBcAg and ORF C proteins can affect the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Vectors expressing ORF C proteins and HBcAg were designed and transfected into HepG2 cells. And then, cells were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and the levels of IL‐1β and IL‐18 were evaluated by Western blot analysis, quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, and immunofluorescence. The expression of NLRP3 and IL‐1β peaked when HepG2 cells were stimulated with 1000 ng/mL LPS for 18 to 24 hours. HBcAg, but not ORF C proteins, promoted LPS‐induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL‐1β production. These findings provide a novel mechanism on how the HBV causes liver inflammation and may provide insights into the search for new therapeutic strategies.
The global warming hiatus has faded away: An analysis of 2014–2016 global surface air temperatures
Authors: Zhang Chao , Li Shuanglin , Luo Feifei , Huang Zhen 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe present an analysis of the global annual mean surface temperature anomaly in 2014, 2015, and 2016 based on five datasets of historical observational records of surface temperature. These three years are the three warmest on record in all but one of the datasets. The largest warming occurred over land, especially at high latitudes. Since the strong El Niño event that occurred in 2015/2016 was similar to the 1997/1998 El Niño, we compared the 2014–2016 period with 1998, the warmest year in the 20th century. The contribution to the annual mean surface temperature anomaly of climate variations at different time scales was assessed using ensemble empirical mode decomposition. Results based on the HadCRUT4 dataset suggest that the interannual component may have contributed an anomaly of −0.01°C in 2014, 0.12°C in 2015, and 0.06°C in 2016. These values are substantially lower than the contribution in 1998 (0.18°C). In comparison, the combined contribution of the decadal‐to‐multidecadal (DM) component and the long‐term warming trend was 0.64°C in 2014, 0.70°C in 2015, and 0.77°C in 2016, which are substantially greater than that in 1998 (0.41°C). Similar results were obtained using the other four datasets. The larger contribution from the DM component and the long‐term warming trend implies that warmer years like 2014–2016 may occur more frequently in the near future. We conclude that the so‐called warming hiatus has faded away.
Probable maximum precipitation in tropical zone (Thailand) as estimated by generalized method and statistical method
Authors: Wangwongwiroj Nittaya , Khemngoen Chatchapol 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe objective of this research was to estimate probable maximum precipitation (PMP) for the duration of 1 to 3 days in Thailand. Rainfall data were collected from 217 meteorological stations. Two methods for estimating PMP were applied: the generalized method which analysed actual storms data using meteorological process, and the Hershfield's statistical method which applied the frequency analysis of the annual maximum rainfall. Both methods were commonly used and were recommended by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) for estimating PMP. PMP estimation results were presented as isohyetal maps. For the generalized method, most PMP values were found higher in the east and decreased towards the west. However, there was no clear trend with the statistical method in the PMP's spatial distribution. An analysis of the 3‐day PMP averages showed that PMP estimation using the generalized method is 10% higher than that of the statistical method. The study results were then applied to estimate PMP of six large dams in Thailand and compared with the ones used in the design of the spillways. It was found that PMP estimation based on the generalized method was closer to the value used in the spillway design of those dams than PMP estimation based on the statistical method.
Blending the Effectiveness of Anionic Polymerization with the Versatility of RAFT by Use of the Atom Transfer Radical Addition–Fragmentation Technique
Authors: Forrester Michael J. , Bradley William , Lin Fang‐Yi , Hernández Nacú B. , Williams R. Chris , Kraus George , Cochran Eric W. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe efficient conversion of a living anionic polymer chain end to a macrochain transfer agent suitable for reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization is reported. Conversion to the macrochain transfer agent efficiency reached as high as 97% by capping the polyanion with alcohol, coupling with α‐bromoisobutryl bromide, followed by atom‐transfer radical addition–fragmentation with bis(thiobenzyl)disulfide to add the chain transfer agent functionality. To our knowledge, this is the most efficient marriage of anionic and reversible addition–fragmentation transfer polymerization reported to date, and can be carried out under common industrial processing conditions. The combination of these polymerization methods broadens the scope of commercially accessible block copolymers by exploiting the advantages of both RAFT and anionic polymerization chemistries.
Preparation of Single Chain Nanoparticles via Photoinduced Double Collapse Process
Authors: Dashan Irem , Balta Demet Karaca , Temel Binnur Aydogan , Temel Gokhan 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA straightforward method is described to achieve polymeric nanoparticles by double folding of single linear chains. The side chain functional polystyrene with controlled molecular weight is converted to pendant azide and benzophenone motifs via postmodification reactions. Resulting functionalized chains undergo intramolecular crosslinking upon ultraviolet (UV) illumination using simultaneous and subsequent pathways at a dilute concentration. Particle size of nanoparticles can be tuned by changing the degree of crosslinking using a second folding process. Obtained single and double collapsed chains indicate higher glass transition temperatures and lower hydrodynamic radii compared to their intermediates. To our knowledge, the combination of photoinduced azide crosslinking and radical coupling processes is the first attempt to prepare double folding single polymer chains.
Expanding the phenotype for the recurrent p.Ala391Glu variant in FGFR3: Beyond crouzon syndrome and acanthosis nigricans
Authors: Rymer Karen , Shiang Rita , Hsiung Anting , Pandya Arti , Bigdeli Tim , Webb Bradley T. , Rhodes Jennifer 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundCraniosynostosis, or premature fusion of the skull sutures, is a group of disorders that can present in isolation (nonsyndromic) or be associated with other anomalies (syndromic). Delineation of syndromic craniosynostosis is confounded due to phenotypic overlap, variable expression as well as molecular heterogeneity. We report on an infant who presented at birth with multisuture synostosis, turribrachycephaly, midface hypoplasia, beaked nose, low set ears, a high palate and short squat appearing thumbs, and great toes without deviation. The additional MRI findings of choanal stenosis and a Chiari I malformation suggested a diagnosis of Pfeiffer syndrome. First tier molecular testing did not reveal a pathogenic variant.MethodsWhole exome sequencing on DNA samples from the proband and her unaffected parents was utilized to delineate the variant causative for the Pfeiffer syndrome diagnosis.ResultsOn whole exome sequencing, a de novo NM_000142.4:c.1428C>A missense variant causing a p.Ala391Glu amino acid change in FGFR3 has been identified. The p.Ala391Glu change has been predominantly identified in patients with Crouzon syndrome with acanthosis nigricans.ConclusionsThis finding illustrates the first reported case of a child with an overlap with Pfeiffer syndrome to have the p.Ala391Glu variant.
Factors associated with women's desire for control of healthcare during childbirth: Psychometric analysis and construct validation
Authors: Stevens Natalie R. , Adams Natasia , Wallston Kenneth A. , Hamilton Nancy A. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe desire for control of healthcare is a significant moderator of outcomes related to childbirth. Researchers have shown that a sense of control of healthcare during childbirth is strongly correlated with postpartum maternal well‐being. The aims of this study were to examine (a) the psychometric characteristics of an instrument to assess women's desire for control of healthcare during childbirth, and (b) examine desire for control in relation to parity, medical complications of pregnancy, and women's choices of childbirth providers and setting. The study design was cross‐sectional using two different samples totaling 385 pregnant women. In Sample 1, (n = 193) we conducted an exploratory factor analysis to reduce the initial item pool. In Sample 2, (n = 192) we conducted a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of the final 12‐item instrument and examined factors related to the desire for control. Results of the analysis in Sample 1 were supportive of a single‐factor structure reflecting women's desire to influence the childbirth healthcare environment and decision‐making. The final 12‐item instrument had high internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.93). CFA in Sample 2 was supportive of the single‐factor structure with good model fit. The desire for control was directly correlated with an internal locus of control. Nulliparous women reported a lower desire for control compared with multiparous women. The desire for control among women with self‐reported medical complications of pregnancy was comparable to that among women without pregnancy complications. The desire for control was a predictor of choosing midwives (vs. obstetricians), home or birth center (vs. hospitals), and professional labor support (e.g., doulas). Implications for future research on the impact of desire for control on maternal health outcomes are discussed.
How old are you now? A new ageing method for nonadults based on dental wear
Authors: Bartholdy Bjørn Peare , Hoogland Menno L.P. , Waters‐Rist Andrea 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe main aim of this study is to present a novel method of nonadult (ca. 1–19 years) age‐at‐death estimation using the dental wear of deciduous, mixed deciduous‐permanent, and permanent dentitions, including the incisors, canines, premolars, and first and second molars. The stage‐based method is derived from degrees of dental wear in known‐age (n = 39) and estimated‐age (n = 11) nonadults containing 951 teeth from the predominately 19th century cemetery of Middenbeemster, The Netherlands. The need for such a method is warranted in cases where dental development and/or eruption cannot be assessed for age‐at‐death estimation. As well, by establishing a baseline for normal age‐related nonadult tooth wear, users may better document wear that could be due to extramasticatory behaviours. The regression analysis reveals a strong quadratic correlation—F(2, 47) = 555.1, p < .001, R2 = .95, standard error of the estimate = 1.14, residual sum of squares (RSS) = 68.89, predicted residual error sum of squares (PRESS) = 77.67—between age and wear and multivariate adaptive regression splines (R2 = .95, generalised cross validation = 1.67, RSS = 67.68, PRESS = 89.34), which are used to develop an R‐package that users may employ to estimate age‐at‐death from dental wear. The accuracy of this method (78–98%) is evaluated using leave‐one‐out cross‐validation. Analyses of males versus females, deciduous versus permanent, upper versus lower, and anterior versus posterior teeth revealed no apparent reason to warrant separate methods for these groups of separated dentitions. This method fills a disciplinary gap in the understudied area of deciduous and nonadult dental wear and hopes to stimulate much future research. With the R‐package, we also provide the foundation and framework for the development of additional reference populations across different spatiotemporal contexts, to make the method more widely applicable.
Multifunctional flexible and stretchable polyurethane/carbon nanotube strain sensor for human breath monitoring
Authors: Slobodian Petr , Danova Romana , Olejnik Robert , Matyas Jiří , Münster Lukas 
Published: April 2019

Flexible and stretchable polyurethane/carbon nanotube composite with strain detection ability was used for human breath monitoring. The composite material consisted of a network of multiwalled carbon nanotubes and thermoplastic high elastic polyurethane. It was found that elongation of the composite led to a macroscopic increase in electrical resistance, which can be used as a principle for applied strain detection. This detection was reversible, durable, and sensitive with gauge factor reaching very promising value, as, for example, ~46 at applied deformation of 8.7%. Further, the composite could be elongated to very large extend of deformation without discontinuity in measured resistance change reaching gauge factor ~ 450 at composite mechanical break at ~300% of strain. Sensor durability was also confirmed by sine wave deformation cycling when any decrease in the sensor properties for more than 103 cycles was observed. Simultaneously, the prepared composite possessed other utility properties also and was considered as multifunctional when it was tested as an organic solvent vapor sensor, an element for Joule heating and finally as a microstrip antenna.