bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Denosumab for effective tumor size reduction in patients with giant cell tumors of the bone: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yayan Josef 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

Denosumab is a human monoclonal antibody that is used in the successful treatment of giant cell bone tumors. These tumors are rare and, in principle, benign, but they are highly aggressive, locally advanced, and osteolytic bone tumors that can metastasize to the lungs. Denosumab is an effective treatment when these tumors cannot be surgically removed or when surgical resection is likely to lead to severe morbidity (e.g., loss of limbs or joints). The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the patients with giant cell bone tumors who experienced tumor progression during treatment with denosumab and to compare them with patients who experienced reduction of their giant cell bone tumors during treatment with denosumab.

Methods

The Embase, Cochrane Library, and MEDLINE/PubMed databases were searched until February 28, 2018 for trials reporting the efficacy and safety of denosumab in patients with giant cell bone tumors.

Results

Thirty-three studies were reviewed, involving a total of 350 patients who had giant cell bone tumors and were treated with denosumab. Of the 33 studies, 67% of the patients were from open-label phase II studies, 27% from case series, and 6% from case reports. The response rate for denosumab as a treatment for giant cell bone tumors was 95.3%, with statistical significance (P < 0.0001). Osteonecrosis of the jaw was statistically the most common adverse event for denosumab treatment in open-label phase II studies (P < 0.0001). No treatment-related deaths occurred in the reviewed studies.

Conclusion

Cumulative evidence supports the addition of surgery to optimal medical therapy with denosumab to reduce tumor size, clinical symptoms, and mortality among patients with giant cell bone tumors.
Calling the Banners: exploring the complex biogeographical history of the Neotropical banner-wing damselflies (Odonata: Polythoridae)
Authors: Herrera Melissa Sanchez , Beatty Christopher D , Nunes Renato , Salazar Camilo , Ware Jessica L 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

Sorting out the biogeographical history of species in the New World Tropics is challenging. We here examine the roles of evolution and biogeography in driving the distribution and diversification of the damselflies of the family Polythoridae. This family comprises seven genera with a total of 57 species, distributed across much of Central and South America.

Results

Through phylogenetic analysis, relaxed-clock molecular dating and biogeographical analysis we find these genera originated ~56 Ma and started diversifying ~45 Ma. As with other neotropical groups, the Polythoridae have a primary origin in the Northern Andes; at least one genus first appears in the Amazon Basin. Diversification rates have been uniform in all genera except one—Polythore—where a significant increase in the late Pliocene (~3 mya) correlates with mountain building. While our molecular clock suggests correlations with some major geographical events, our biogeographical modeling (with BioGeoBEARS and RASP) found little influence of the formation of the Pebas and Acre systems or Andean mountain building, possibly due to the short branch lengths in our time-dated phylogeny.

Conclusion

We conclude that this family of damselflies, despite its relatively young age, has developed into genera with diverse distributions and some surprisingly high diversity, despite relatively low habitat diversity. Polythore is a recent radiation where biogeographical events may not be the main drivers of diversification. Other factors like sexual and natural selection acting on color patterns could be involved in generate the extreme diversity in this genus.
Predicting The Ability To Successfully Retrieve Sperm In Infertile Men With Non-obstructive Azoospermia
Authors: Le Minh Tam , Nguyen Thanh Tam Thi , Nguyen Quoc Huy Vu , Jackman Janelle M. , Le Dinh Duong , Tran Nhu Quynh Thi , Lewis Terrence D. , Cao Ngoc Thanh , Hill Micah J 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Objectives: to determine the ability of pre-surgical markers to predict the ability to retrieve sperm in non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) undergoing surgical sperm retrieval. Methods: a cross-sectional descriptive analysis of 136 infertile patients with azoospermia, examined in the Hue Center for Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility (HUECREI), Hue University Hospital from August 2014 to July 2018. Patients underwent surgical sperm retrieval in a stepwise manner via percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA), testicular sperm aspiration (TESA) then testicular sperm extraction (TESE) until sperm were detected. Patient age, duration of infertility, body mass index (BMI), hormonal profile (FSH, LH & testosterone), and testicular volume were analyzed to determine the predictor of successful sperm retrieval. Analysis was done by univariate & multivariate generalized estimating equation modeling where the primary outcome was sperm retrieved at surgery.
Results: In total of 136 infertile men with azoospermia, beside 45 cases with OA, surgical sperm retrieval was successful in 22/91 patients with NOA (24.2%). The group of men with successful sperm retrieval were more likely to live in urban area (P=0.012), higher proportion of normal testicular density (P<0.05), lower serum FSH and serum LH (P<0.001). By multiple logistic regression model, total testicular volume was found to be a only considerable predictor of sperm retrieval in NOA group (OR 1.09, 95%CI 1.013-1.178, P=0.022).
Conclusions: The measurement of total testicular volume can be helpful for predicting the successful result of surgical sperm retrieval in Vietnamese infertile men with non-obstructive azoospermia.
Key words: testicular ultrasound; endocrine profile; surgical sperm retrieval; non-obstructive; azoospermia.
A Six-Year Retrospective Follow-up of 502 Patients with Laparoscopic Cholelithotomy for Gallstone Recurrence: Success or Prospect
Authors: Aliou Garba Seydou , Zhao Gang , Huang An Hua , Xu An An , Cai Jing Li , Yang Yu Long , Nafissatou Boureima Ali , Hu Hai 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

This research was designed to explore the risk factors for gallstone recurrence after laparoscopic cholelithotomy.

Methods

A total of 502 patients who were diagnosed with gallstones using ultrasonography underwent laparoscopic cholelithotomy between January 2011 and December 2017 at the Shanghai-East Affiliated Hospital of Tongji University.

Results

Our retrospective study revealed that the gallstone recurrence rate of patients taking tauro-ursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) was significantly lower (P<0.05) than that of patients not taking TUDCA. The recurrence rate of gallstones in patients with an incision at the fundus of the gallbladder was significantly lower than that of the patients with an incision on the body of the gallbladder. The risk of recurrence in patients with gallstones combined with polyps was significantly higher than that in patients without polyps; the risk of recurrence of gallstones in patients with gallbladder contraction function < 50% was significantly higher than that in patients with gallbladder contraction function ≥ 50%. Additionally, the prognosis of patients without gallbladder adhesions to the peritoneum was better than that of patients with adhesions.

Conclusion

During the 6-year follow-up period of this study, the recurrence rate of gallstones after laparoscopic gallbladder-preserving cholelithotomy (LGPC) was 22.91%. Factors related to gallstone recurrence were use of TUDCA, location of the incision, presence of gallstones combined with polyps, gallbladder contraction function and presence of gallbladder adhesions to the peritoneum. The main cause of gallstone recurrence needs further investigation, and laparoscopic cholelithotomy remains promising for treatment of gallstone recurrence but requires thorough follow-up.
Effects of weight change and physical activity on knee pain and health-related quality of life in East Asian women aged 50 years and older with knee osteoarthritis: a population-based study
Authors: Choi Young , Chang Chongbum , Kang Seung-Baik , Chung Chin Youb , Park Moon Seok , Lee Kyoung Min 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Objective

This study aimed to investigate the effects of weight change and physical activity on the level of knee pain and health-related quality of life in East Asian women with knee osteoarthritis using population-based data.

Methods

A total of 564 women (mean age, 68.2 years, standard deviation, 8.9 years) aged 50 years or older with knee osteoarthritis (Kellgren-Lawrence grade ≥2) were included in the data analyses from the fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Data regarding the radiographic grade, weight change during the past year, physical activity, level of knee pain, and health-related quality of life (EuroQOL five-dimension [EQ-5D] index) were collected. Multiple regression analysis was performed to identify factors significantly affecting the level of knee pain and health-related quality of life in subgroups according to the body mass index (BMI) range (≤22.5, between 22.6 and 27.5, and >27.5 kg/m2).

Results

In women with 22.5 kg/m227.5 kg/m2, weekly hours of moderate-intensity activity showed significant negative correlation with EQ-5D.

Conclusions

The effects of weight change and physical activity on knee pain and health-related quality of life could be different according to BMI ranges. Well-designed interventions to improve both knee pain and health-related quality of life need to be investigated in future studies that would assess physical activity, diet, and weight changes.
Characteristics of post-traumatic-spondyloarthritis: a cross-sectional study from a single tertiary hospital
Authors: Min Hong Ki , Cho Hyonjoung , Park Sung-Hwan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

Trauma has been proposed as a triggering factor of psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and the deep Koebner phenomenon was the suggested underlying mechanism. The relationship between spondyloarthritis (SpA) and trauma was only observed in PsA. This study investigated cases of SpA other than PsA that occurred after physical trauma and analyzed their clinical, laboratory, and radiologic features.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 214 patients who visited our hospital due to a suspicion of SpA and grouped them into post-traumatic-SpA (PT-SpA) and non-post-traumatic-SpA (non-PT-SpA). Baseline characteristics were compared between the two groups.

Results

Peripheral SpA was more common in PT-SpA than in non-PT-SpA. Active inflammation on sacroiliac joint (SIJ) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was more common in non-PT-SpA (83.5% vs 54.5%, P = 0.046). The modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spine Score (mSASSS) was significantly higher in the non-PT-SpA group (2.0 vs 0.0, P = 0.007). Symptom duration from the first SpA symptom to diagnosis tends to be longer in the non-PT-SpA group (2.0 vs 0.5 years, P = 0.079).

Conclusion

PT-SpA patients more frequently showed peripheral SpA, a less active inflammatory lesion on SIJ MRI, and a lower mSASSS score. Further studies are needed to clarify whether physical trauma has a direct/indirect role in the pathogenesis of SpA or merely confers an opportunity to recognize SpA symptoms.
Predictors of clinical outcomes after cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients ≥75 years
Authors: Champ-Rigot Laure , Cornille Anne-Laure , Ollitrault Pierre , Pellissier Arnaud , Chequel Mathieu , Legallois Damien , Milliez Paul 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background: Cardiac resynchronization therapy benefit has been proved in selected patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. Older patients have been underrepresented in CRT trials. This study was conducted to determine whether predictive factors of cardiac resynchronization therapy outcomes may differ in patients older and younger than 75 years.
Methods: Consecutive patients who received cardiac resynchronization therapy device between 2013 and 2016 in our center were retrospectively included. The primary endpoint was cardiac resynchronization therapy effectiveness defined as combination of survival for one year with no heart failure hospitalization and improvement by one or more NYHA classes. Secondary endpoints were mortality, complications, and device therapies.
Results: Among the 243 patients included, 102 were ≥75 years. Cardiac resynchronization therapy effectiveness was observed in 70 patients (50%) <75 years and in 48 patients (47%) ≥75 years (p=0.69). NYHA class ≥III (OR=6.02; CI95% [1.33-18.77], p=0.002) was a predictive factor of cardiac resynchronization therapy effectiveness only in ≥75 years group, while in <75 years group atrial fibrillation was independently negatively associated with primary endpoint (OR=0.28; CI95% [0.13-0.62], p=0.001). One-year mortality rate was 14% with no difference between age groups. Rescue cardiac resynchronization therapy and atrial fibrillation were independent predictive factors for mortality in both age groups. Eighty-two complications occurred in 45 patients (19%) with no difference between groups. Defibrillator use and QRS duration were independent predictive factors for complications in both age groups. There was no difference considering device therapies.
Conclusion: At one-year, cardiac resynchronization therapy response is not compromised by patients age. In older patients, highly symptomatic individuals with NYHA class ≥III have better outcomes after cardiac resynchronization therapy.
KEY WORDS: Resynchronization therapy; heart failure; aged; treatment outcome
Carotid Sinus as a Mechanotransducer of Shear Oscillation
Authors: Iskander Andrew , Yang Xiaolei 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Objective

The carotid sinus is a region in the cardiovascular system where flow characteristics are transduced by the autonomic nervous apparatus to help maintain cardiovascular homeostasis. The objective of this study is therefore to determine whether the carotid sinus acts as a mechanotransducer of wall shear stress oscillation.

Results

By utilizing magnetic resonance angiograms of undiseased carotid bifurcations, computational fluid dynamic simulations of blood flow were constructed. Employing boundary conditions meant to emulate normal blood flow at rest, the oscillatory shear index (OSI) was tabulated and mapped. The areas of highest OSI were well-isolated in the regions of the carotid bifurcations generally considered to comprise the carotid sinus.
Conceptos ad hoc, arquitectura cognitiva y localismo léxico
Authors: Campos Millán Laura 
Published: July 2019

La Teoría de la Pertinencia hace una de las principales defensas de la tesis de subdeterminación lingüística local. Según esta tesis, el concepto intuitivo expresado por medio de un ítem léxico en la emisión de una oración es un concepto ad hoc que resulta de un proceso libre de control lingüístico. Los conceptos ad hoc se postulan porque introducen un tipo de organización cognitiva que se considera necesaria para satisfacer las demandas que, para esta Teoría, impone la comprensión de conceptos intuitivos. Aquí planteo que nuestro sistema cognitivo puede satisfacer estas demandas sin tolerar proposiciones determinadas básicamente por conceptos ad hoc. También planteo que la información suministrada por los conceptos ad hoc es dispensable para la comprensión de conceptos intuitivos. Finalmente, propongo una posición léxica local según la cual, el concepto intuitivo expresado a través de un ítem léxico es el concepto léxicamente asociado a ese ítem.
Numerical simulation of bedload sediment transport with the ability to model wet/dry interfaces using an augmented Riemann solver
Authors: Barzgaran Mina , Mahdizadeh Hossein , Sharifi Soroosh 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This paper presents an efficient second-order finite volume method for the simulation of bedload sediment transport which is capable of modeling wet/dry fronts. The governing equations comprise the shallow water equations (SWEs) for the hydrodynamic phase and the Exner equation for the estimation of bedload sediment transport. These sets of equations are then solved using a weakly coupled scheme based on an augmented Riemann solver (WCAR). In this approach, first, the morphodynamic equation is solved, and then, updated bedload changes with the same Riemann structures are used as a source term within the SWEs. The Smart formula is utilized to estimate the bedload sediment discharge within the Exner equation. The proposed numerical model is first used to model a parabolic sediment layer. Then, a bedload hump propagation with an initial subcritical condition is considered. Next, the simulation of dam-break flow over a mobile bed is investigated. Finally, the dam failure due to over-topping is studied and the computed results are compared with available experimental data. Numerical results indicate that the introduced weakly coupled method, developed based upon the augmented Riemann solver, can be effectively used for modeling all investigated flow regimes, including dry-state interfaces.
Evaluation of the effective forecast and decision horizon in optimal hydropower generation considering medium-range precipitation forecasts
Authors: Wei Xu , Xun Yang 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This paper presents a rolling horizon control (RHC) model to evaluate the effective forecast horizon (EFH) of 10-day forecast inflows derived from quantitative precipitation forecasts (QPFs) and the effective decision horizon (EDH) for hydropower generation. This paper takes the Huanren hydropower reservoir located in the northeast of China as a case study. Firstly, the 10-day forecast inflows are derived from the QPFs. Then the hydropower generation processes are simulated by the RHC model, and the performances of hydropower generation with different EFHs and EDHs are evaluated, respectively. The results show that: (1) the RHC can adapt to varying conditions by re-optimizing the decisions during the EFH; (2) with the EFH increasing, the hydroelectric reliability increases and the efficiency decreases, while the efficiency and reliability are improved with shortened the EDH.
Intercellular Crosstalk Via Extracellular Vesicles in Tumor Milieu as Emerging Therapies for Cancer Progression
Authors: Patras Laura , Banciu Manuela 
Published: July 2019

:Increasing evidence has suggested that extracellular vesicles (EV) mediated bidirectional transfer of functional molecules (such as proteins, different types of RNA, and lipids) between cancer cells and tumor stromal cells (immune cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, stem cells) and strongly contributed to the reinforcement of cancer progression. Thus, intercellular EV-mediated signaling in tumor microenvironment (TME) is essential in the modulation of all processes that support and promote tumor development like immune suppression, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis, and resistance of tumor cells to anticancer treatments.:Besides EV potential to revolutionize our understanding of the cancer cell-stromal cells crosstalk in TME, their ability to selectively transfer different cargos to recipient cells has created excitement in the field of tumortargeted delivery of specific molecules for anticancer treatments. Therefore, in tight connection with previous findings, this review brought insight into the dual role of EV in modulation of TME. Thus, on one side EV create a favorable phenotype of tumor stromal cells for tumor progression; however, as a future new class of anticancer drug delivery systems EV could re-educate the TME to overcome main supportive processes for malignancy progression.
Antioxidant Supplementation and Adaptive Response to Training: A Systematic Review
Authors: Pastor Rosario , Tur Josep A. 
Published: July 2019

Background:
Antioxidant supplementation has become a common practice among athletes to theoretically
achieve a reduction in oxidative stress, promote recovery and improve performance.

Objective:
To assess the effect of antioxidant supplements on exercise.

Methods:
A systematic literature search was performed up to January 2019 in MEDLINE via EBSCO and Pubmed,
and in Web of Sciences based on the following terms: “antioxidants” [Major] AND “exercise” AND “adaptation”;
“antioxidant supplement” AND “(exercise or physical activity)” AND “(adaptation or adjustment)”
[MesH]. Thirty-six articles were finally included.

Results:
Exhaustive exercise induces an antioxidant response in neutrophils through an increase in antioxidant
enzymes, and antioxidant low-level supplementation does not block this adaptive cellular response. Supplementation
with antioxidants appears to decrease oxidative damage blocking cell-signaling pathways associated with
muscle hypertrophy. However, upregulation of endogenous antioxidant enzymes after resistance training is
blocked by exogenous antioxidant supplementation. Supplementation with antioxidants does not affect the performance
improvement induced by resistance exercise. The effects of antioxidant supplementation on physical
performance and redox status may vary depending on baseline levels.

Conclusion:
The antioxidant response to exercise has two components: At the time of stress and adaptation
through genetic modulation processes in front of persistent pro-oxidant situation. Acute administration of antioxidants
immediately before or during an exercise session can have beneficial effects, such as a delay in the onset of
fatigue and a reduction in the recovery period. Chronic administration of antioxidant supplements may impair
exercise adaptations, and is only beneficial in subjects with low basal levels of antioxidants.
In Silico Molecular Docking, Synthesis of 4-(4-benzoylaminophenoxy) Phenol Derivatives as Androgen Receptor Antagonists
Authors: Elancheran Ramakrishnan , Kabilan Senthamaraikannan , Kotoky Jibon , Ramanathan Muthiah , Bhattacharjee Atanu 
Published: July 2019

Aim and Objective:
To study the structural difference, optimization, molecular docking
and development of new benzoyl amino phenoxy phenol derivatives as anti-prostate cancer agents.

Material and Methods:
Strategies towards the identification of novel benzoyl amino phenoxy
phenol (BAPP), molecular docking was performed with the designed Androgen Receptor (AR)
blockers. Pharmacophore-based studies revealed that the nitro- or cyano-substituted anilide groups
have influenced the activity profiles of non-steroidal AR antagonists, followed by the molecular
docking studies with five AR receptors. Molecular docking studies were carried out using Maestro
from Schrödinger. Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion (ADME) properties of the
BAPP derivatives were evaluated for the predictive bioavailability/drug-likeness. These studies
supported vital information for designing new anti-prostate cancer agents.

Results and Discussion:
There are 125 compounds were screened and best fit compounds (12
entries) were well-synthesized in good to excellent yields and anticancer activities were evaluated.
The compounds, 6i showed the highest activities of this series (14.65 ± 1.35 µM).

Conclusion:
The present approach is simple and efficient for the synthesis of BAPP derivatives
and the observed IC50 values of BAPPs were in good agreement with the glide scores obtained
from the molecular docking. We, further, intend to carry out in vitro and in vivo AR binding
studies for the active compounds.