bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends in Upper Extremity Saw Injuries From 2003 to 2022
Authors: Monir Joseph G. , Nguyen Jenny , McQuillan Thomas J. , Wagner Eric R. 
Published: October 2024

Purpose: Saws are a common source of upper extremity injury. There have been several commercial and government-mandated safety mechanisms designed to reduce the number of saw injuries. We aim to assess the trends in the incidence and impact of saw-related upper extremity injuries over the last 2 decades. Methods: The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System database was queried from January 2003 to December 2022 for upper extremity injuries caused by saws. Summary statistics for primary body part injured and diagnosis were calculated. Linear regression was performed to evaluate trends in the number of injuries over time. Results: An estimated 1.38 million injuries (weighted) presenting to emergency departments were reported from January 2003 to December 2022. Patients had a mean age of 50.5 ± 18.1. Digits (82.2%) accounted for most injuries, followed by hands (11.9%). The lower arm (3.4%), wrist (1.66%), shoulder (0.3%), elbow (0.2%), and upper arm (0.2%) accounted for fewer injuries. There was a downtrend in number of saw injuries over the study period (R = 0.83, R2 = 0.69, p < .001). Subgroup analysis showed decreases in number of injuries to fingers (R = −0.82, R2 = 0.67, p < .001) and wrists (R = −0.61, R2 = 0.37, p = .004). The most common diagnoses were lacerations (69.7%), fractures (12.6%), and amputations (9.9%). Conclusions: Upper extremity saw injuries have significantly decreased over the last 20 years. The fingers and hands account for the vast majority of saw injuries, resulting most commonly in lacerations, fractures, and amputations. Level of Evidence: IV.
A qualitative analysis of existing concussion return to play protocols and psychological recovery management in Gaelic games
Authors: Daly Ed , Ryan Lisa 
Published: October 2024

Background Sports related concussions are a common injury in field-based contact sports including Gaelic games. Even though accurate data on concussion in Gaelic games is currently limited, it is well documented that concussion is a common injury in Gaelic sports. The purpose of this current research was to discern the psychological impact of concussion on Gaelic games athletes as in many instances, recovery from concussion focuses mainly on physical recovery. Methods A grounded theory methodology was used to explore the experiences of a cohort of adult male and female amateur and elite amateur Gaelic games athletes (n = 22) and their experiences involving psychological recovery post-concussion and eventual return to play. The data for this study were gathered through a series of individual semi-structured interviews. Results Two major themes were identified, (1) lack of psychological recovery management for concussion in Gaelic games athletes and, (2) non-standardised concussion protocols and concussion education within Gaelic games. These themes were further divided into categories and subcategories. Conclusion Recovery from concussion in Gaelic games is broadly a non-standardised process, whereby recovery processes are haphazard and lack enforcement. There are no directives or guidance for recognising the need for psychological recovery, or assistance to recover from concussion in the acute or chronic phases or for those with long term post-concussion syndrome.
Neurohospitalist Core Competencies: Development and Methodology
Authors: Gold Carl A. , Klein Joshua P. , Richie Megan B. , Morris Jane G. , Wold Jana J. 
Published: October 2024

Background and Purpose Neurohospitalists specialize in the care of hospitalized patients with neurological conditions. As the neurohospitalist model of patient care has grown rapidly and in diverse ways, there has been increasing demand for a formal definition of the field, particularly to support curriculum development for learners at multiple levels. Methods The Neurohospitalist Society (NHS) formed a Core Competencies Committee in 2021. This committee defined the scope of the Neurohospitalist Core Competencies and organized the competency topics into chapters. This chapter list was approved by the members of the NHS. An open invitation was made to the general membership of the NHS to write chapters on a first-come, first-served basis, using a standardized chapter template developed by the Committee. A three-step editing process was completed, with members of the Committee serving as editors. A dissemination strategy was designed, including drafting of 2 manuscripts (the Core Competencies themselves, and this accompanying manuscript) and outreach to the general membership of the NHS. Results The Neurohospitalist Core Competencies include 27 chapters divided into 3 sections: neurological conditions; clinical interventions and interpretations of ancillary studies; and neurohospitalist role in the health care system. The complete version of the Neurohospitalist Core Competencies is published as a separate manuscript in this issue of The Neurohospitalist. Conclusions The creation of the Neurohospitalist Core Competencies was a multi-year initiative intended to support practicing neurohospitalists, trainees interested in pursuing careers in the field, medical education leaders, and administrative leaders of hospitals and departments.
Outcomes Following Autologous Osteochondral Transplantation for Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus at 10-Year Follow-Up: A Retrospective Review
Authors: Butler James J. , Robert Guillaume , Dahmen Jari , Lin Charles C. , Robin Joseph X. , Samsonov Alan P. , Kerkhoffs Gino M.M.J , Kennedy John G. 
Published: October 2024

Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate outcomes following autologous osteochondral transplantation (AOT) for the treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT) at a minimum of 10-year follow-up. Design Retrospective chart review identified patients who underwent AOT for the treatment of OLT. Pre-operative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were obtained in all patients. Clinical outcomes assessed included: pre- and post-operative foot and ankle outcome score (FAOS), visual analog scale (VAS), patient satisfaction, complications, failures and secondary surgical procedures. Results Thirty-nine patients with a mean lesion size was 122.3 ± 64.1 mm2 and mean follow-up time of 138.9 ± 16.9 months were included. The mean FAOS scores improved from a preoperative score of 51.9 ± 16.0 to 75.3 ± 21.9 ( P < 0.001). Increasing lesion size was variable associated with inferior FAOS scores (R2 = 0.2228). There was statistically significant higher mean T2 relaxation values at the superficial layer at the site of the AOT graft (42.9 ± 5.2 ms) compared to the superficial layer of the adjacent native cartilage (35.8 ± 3.8 ms) ( P < 0.001). Seventeen complications (43.6%) were observed, the most common of which was anterior ankle impingement (25.6%). There were 2 failures (5.1%), both of which had a history of prior bone marrow stimulation via microfracture and post-operative cysts identified on MRI. Conclusion This retrospective review found that AOT for the treatment of large OLTs produced a 94.9% survival rate at a minimum of 10-year follow-up. Increasing lesion size was associated with inferior clinical outcomes. The findings of this study indicates that AOT is a viable long-term surgical strategy for the treatment of large OLTs.
Magnetic resonance venography study of venous structures of the transverse-sigmoid sinus region in the Han Chinese population: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhou Zibo , Yu Jinlu 
Published: October 2024

Objective: Venous structures of the transverse-sigmoid sinus region have been insufficiently studied by magnetic resonance venography, especially in the healthy Han Chinese population. Methods: Magnetic resonance venography data were reconstructed. The relevant parameters were recorded. A paired t-test was used to compare the diameters of the inferior petrous sinus at the origin and termination. An unpaired t-test, a chi-squared test or Fisher’s exact test was used to compare other data. Results: One hundred healthy participants were included. The average age was 36.6 ± 17.1 years, and the ratio of males to females was 1:1. The development of the transverse-sigmoid sinus had a right-sided predominance in 51% of patients. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences ( p < 0.05) in the lengths of bilateral TSs, the lengths of bilateral partial TSs from the torcular to lateral tentorial sinus, the diameters between bilateral TSs at the origin and the lateral tentorial sinus, the diameters between bilateral TS-sigmoid sinus junctions and sigmoid sinus terminations, and the inferior petrous sinus diameters at the origin and termination. Statistical analysis revealed that the right lateral tentorial sinus was more likely to originate from the TS ( p < 0.05). Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences ( p < 0.05) between transverse-sigmoid sinus development and inferior petrous sinus continuity or between transverse-sigmoid sinus development and inferior petrous sinus continuity and bilateral inferior petrous sinus continuity. Conclusions: This study revealed that the right transverse-sigmoid sinus was predominantly larger in diameter, the torcular Herophili tended to deviate to the right, and the right lateral tentorial sinus tended to drain into the TS. The inferior petrous sinus at the origin was thicker than that at the termination, and the right inferior petrous sinus was thicker than the left inferior petrous sinus. transverse-sigmoid sinus development had no effect on inferior petrous sinus continuity, and there was no difference in inferior petrous sinus continuity between the left and right sides.
Navigating online health information: Insights into consumer influence and decision-making strategies—An overview of reviews
Authors: Crespo-Gonzalez Carmen , Benrimoj Shalom I , Frommer Michael , Dineen-Griffin Sarah 
Published: October 2024

Objective Communities' use of technology and the internet for online health information (OHI) is increasing exponentially. An understanding of how and why individuals access OHI, and how this information influences decisions on health, medicines and self-care practices is critical. This review aims to: (1) identify the factors influencing OHI-seeking behaviour; (2) evaluate the evidence of OHI on self-care practices; and (3) outline strategies to improve online informed decision-making and assess the impact of these strategies on consumer outcomes. Methods A review of systematic reviews was conducted in November of 2023, following the Cochrane Handbook and PRISMA guidelines, and using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and EBSCOhost databases. The methodological quality of retrieved reviews was appraised using the AMSTAR 2 tool. Results The search retrieved 1725 records. Of these, 943 were screened, and 33 were included in the final analysis. The most frequently identified reasons for seeking OHI were to retrieve diagnostic and treatment information, and well-being and emotional support. Level of education and socio-economic status influenced OHI-seeking. OHI directly influenced self-care decision-making by individuals and their relationships and communication with healthcare providers. Overall, OHI-seeking (and interventions to promote the use of OHI) enhanced individuals’ confidence, skills and knowledge. Conclusions The findings highlight the benefits of OHI-seeking and its potential influence on self-care decisions. Future research should focus on strategies that would promote the pursuit of high-quality, up-to-date OHI and on the development of interventions for healthcare professionals to improve patients’ use of OHI in self-care and self-efficacy.
Hepatitis B and C Virus Co-Infection and Their Association With Liver Disease in Persons With HIV in Nigeria
Authors: Odeghe Emuobor , Oyeleke Ganiyat , Odofin Mayowa , Duguru Mary , Davwar Pantong , Nyam David , Lesi Olufunmilayo , Okeke Edith , Adelabu Hameed , Odukoya Oluwakemi , Akanmu Alani , Adeyemo Wasiu , Abdulkareem Fatimah , Imade Godwin , Joyce Brian , Khan Imran , Chandler Ariel , Sagay Atiene , Murphy Robert , Hou Lifang , Hawkins Claudia 
Published: October 2024

Background: The burden of chronic viral hepatitis among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) and its association with liver disease in Nigeria has been seldom explored. Our objective was to compare characteristics in PLWH with and without significant liver fibrosis/cirrhosis, examining its association with viral hepatitis and other risk factors. Methods: Cross-sectional study among PLWH with and without significant fibrosis/cirrhosis (transient elastography ≥ 9.3 kPa) between July 2018 and August 2022. Data were compared between participant groups and logistic regression used to determine association between chronic viral hepatitis and significant fibrosis/cirrhosis. Results: Five hundred and thirty-seven participants (34.3% male), median age 46 years, 22.2% with significant fibrosis/cirrhosis were analyzed. Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) was 11.2% and hepatitis C virus (HCV) 5.7%. Male sex, diabetes, HBV, and HCV were associated with significant fibrosis/cirrhosis, while ART for >5 years was associated with reduced risk. Conclusion: The chronic hepatitis viruses are associated with significant liver fibrosis/cirrhosis in PLWH in Nigeria, highlighting the importance of viral hepatitis awareness, screening, and treatment in HIV programs to reduce the risk of liver disease. Plain Language Summary Hepatitis B and C infection and liver disease in people with HIV infection in Nigeria People living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection who have hepatitis B or C infection have a higher chance of developing advanced liver disease than those who do not have either of the hepatitis infections. This finding highlights the importance of awareness, screening, and treatment of the hepatitis viruses in HIV programs in order to reduce the risk of liver disease in this population.
Sound Localization in Single-Sided Deafness; Outcomes of a Randomized Controlled Trial on the Comparison Between Cochlear Implantation, Bone Conduction Devices, and Contralateral Routing of Signals Hearing Aids
Authors: van Heteren Jan A. A. , van Oorschot Hanneke D. , Wendrich Anne W. , Peters Jeroen P. M. , Rhebergen Koenraad S. , Grolman Wilko , Stokroos Robert J. , Smit Adriana L. 
Published: October 2024

There is currently a lack of prospective studies comparing multiple treatment options for single-sided deafness (SSD) in terms of long-term sound localization outcomes. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) aims to compare the objective and subjective sound localization abilities of SSD patients treated with a cochlear implant (CI), a bone conduction device (BCD), a contralateral routing of signals (CROS) hearing aid, or no treatment after two years of follow-up. About 120 eligible patients were randomized to cochlear implantation or to a trial period with first a BCD on a headband, then a CROS (or vice versa). After the trial periods, participants opted for a surgically implanted BCD, a CROS, or no treatment. Sound localization accuracy (in three configurations, calculated as percentage correct and root-mean squared error in degrees) and subjective spatial hearing (subscale of the Speech, Spatial and Qualities of hearing (SSQ) questionnaire) were assessed at baseline and after 24 months of follow-up. At the start of follow-up, 28 participants were implanted with a CI, 25 with a BCD, 34 chose a CROS, and 26 opted for no treatment. Participants in the CI group showed better sound localization accuracy and subjective spatial hearing compared to participants in the BCD, CROS, and no-treatment groups at 24 months. Participants in the CI and CROS groups showed improved subjective spatial hearing at 24 months compared to baseline. To conclude, CI outperformed the BCD, CROS, and no-treatment groups in terms of sound localization accuracy and subjective spatial hearing in SSD patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION Netherlands Trial Register ( https://onderzoekmetmensen.nl ): NL4457, CINGLE trial.
Supporting Regional Upper Limb Arthroplasty: The Impact of Establishing an Upper Limb Orthopaedic Network
Authors: Oakley Ben , Marson Ben , Wijeratna Malin , Manning Paul , Geoghegan John , Gooding Ben 
Published: October 2024

Background and Objectives The management of complex upper limb arthroplasty has received national guidelines supporting the use of a regional network. An upper limb network was established for both elbow and shoulder arthroplasty. This study evaluates the impact of establishing this network over a 5-year period. Methods Data were collected from network meetings from June 2017 to December 2022. Hospital-level National Joint Registry data were obtained for analysis of case volume. Results A total of 243 cases were discussed. Network discussion changed the management plan in 53% of cases. Only 8% of cases required transfer to the tertiary center. The proportional caseload at either hub or spoke hospitals did not change after creation of the network. Discussion Regional network discussion aids decision-making for complex cases, with further management options realized in over half of the cases presented. The discussion allowed every patient to gain the advantage of regional expertise while being managed conveniently at their local hospital.
Venetoclax dose escalation rapidly activates a BAFF/BCL-2 survival axis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Luo Meng-Xiao , Tan Tania , Trussart Marie , Poch Annika , Nguyen Thi Minh Hanh , Speed Terence P. , Hicks Damien G. , Bandala-Sanchez Esther , Peng Hongke , Chappaz Stéphane , Slade Charlotte , Utzschneider Daniel T. , Koldej Rachel M. , Ritchie David , Strasser Andreas , Thijssen Rachel , Ritchie Matthew E. , Tam Constantine S. , Lindeman Geoffrey J. , Huang David C. S. , Lew Thomas E. , Anderson Mary Ann , Roberts Andrew W. , Teh Charis E. , Gray Daniel H. D. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Venetoclax, a first-in-class BH3 mimetic drug that targets B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2), has improved the outcomes of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Early measurements of the depth of the venetoclax treatment response, assessed by minimal residual disease, are strong predictors of long-term clinical outcomes. However, there are limited data on the early changes induced by venetoclax treatment that might inform strategies to improve responses. To address this gap, we conducted longitudinal mass cytometric profiling of blood cells from patients with CLL during the first 5 weeks of venetoclax monotherapy. At baseline, we resolved CLL heterogeneity at the single-cell level to define multiple subpopulations in all patients based on proliferative, metabolic, and cell survival proteins. Venetoclax induced a significant reduction in all CLL subpopulations and caused rapid upregulation of the prosurvival BCL-2, BCL-extra large, and mantle cell lymphoma-1 proteins in surviving cells, which had reduced sensitivity to the drug. In mouse models, the venetoclax-induced elevation of survival proteins in B cells and CLL-like cells that persisted was recapitulated, and genetic models demonstrated that extensive apoptosis and access to the B-cell cytokine, B-cell activating factor (BAFF), were essential. Accordingly, in patients with CLL who were treated with venetoclax or the anti-CD20 antibody obinutuzumab there was marked elevation in BAFF and an increase in prosurvival proteins in leukemic cells that persisted. Overall, these data highlight the rapid adaptation of CLL cells to targeted therapies through homeostatic factors and support cotargeting of cytokine signals to achieve deeper and more durable long-term responses.
Lymphopenia predicts poor outcomes in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma
Authors: Ferri Grace M. , Yildirim Cenk , Do Nhan V. , Brophy Mary , Park Joseph S. , Munshi Nikhil C. , Fillmore Nathanael R. , Edwards Camille V. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Bone marrow microenvironment plays an important role in promoting growth and survival of multiple myeloma (MM) cells. The tumor-promoting immune microenvironment is augmented while antitumor immune responses are inhibited. Although clinical and genomic markers of high-risk MM have been described, the immune status is just being recognized as a potential mediator of disease behavior. This is even more important with the development of a number of immune-based therapies. Based on these considerations, we evaluated peripheral blood absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) as an easily accessible marker representing immune microenvironment at diagnosis and after treatment of MM. We retrospectively evaluated 11 427 patients diagnosed with MM between 2000 and 2019 at Veterans Administration hospitals using ALC obtained closest to diagnosis and up to 2.5 years thereafter. Patients were stratified into 3 ALC categories: severely low, low, and normal (&lt;1 × 103/μL, 1 × 103/μL to 1.5 × 103/μL, and &gt;1.5 × 103/μL, respectively). Lymphopenia (including severely low and low ALC) was present in 53% of patients at MM diagnosis and was associated with inferior overall survival (OS). The median OS for patients with severely low, low, and normal ALC at diagnosis was 2.7, 3.3, and 4.2 years (P &lt; .001), respectively. Moreover, persistent or new development of lymphopenia during treatment and follow-up was also associated with inferior OS. Our findings support the use of ALC as a biomarker for risk stratification in MM.
Cancer cachexia and weight loss before CAR T-cell therapy for lymphoma are independently associated with poor outcomes
Authors: Valtis Yannis K. , Devlin Sean , Shouval Roni , Rejeski Kai , Corona Magdalena , Luna De Abia Alejandro , Rivas-Delgado Alfredo , Luttwak Efrat , Cassanello Giulio , Landego Ivan , Schöder Heiko , Bedmutha Akshay , Boardman Alexander , Shah Gunjan L. , Scordo Michael , Perales Miguel-Angel , Salles Gilles , Palomba M. Lia , Shah Urvi A. , Park Jae H. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has transformed the care of lymphoma, yet many patients relapse. Several prognostic markers have been associated with CAR T-cell outcomes, such as tumor burden, response to bridging chemotherapy, and laboratory parameters at the time of lymphodepletion or infusion. The effect of cancer cachexia and weight loss before CAR T cells on toxicity and outcomes is not well understood. Here, we present a retrospective single-institution cohort study of 259 patients with lymphoma treated with CAR T cells between 2017 and 2023. We observed that patients with &gt;5% decrease in their body mass index in the 3 months preceding CAR T-cell treatment (weight loss group; all meeting one of the commonly accepted definitions of cancer cachexia) had higher disease burden and inflammatory parameters (C-reactive protein, ferritin, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor α) at the time of lymphodepletion and CAR T-cell infusion. Patients with weight loss experienced higher rates of grade 3+ neurotoxicity and early hematotoxicity, but those effects were not seen upon multivariable adjustment. However, in both univariate and multivariable analysis, patients with weight loss had worse response rates, overall survival, and event-free survival, indicating that weight loss is an independent poor prognostic factor. Our data suggest that weight loss in the 3 months preceding CAR T-cell therapy represents a worrisome “alarm signal” and a potentially modifiable factor, alongside tumor burden and inflammation, and warrants further investigation in patients treated with CAR T-cell therapy.