bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical significance of cortical lesions in patients with multiple sclerosis: A neuropsychological and neuroimaging study
Authors: Matsushita Futoshi , Kida Hirotaka , Tabei Ken‐ichi , Nakano Chizuru , Matsuura Keita , Ii Yuichiro , Sasaki Ryogen , Taniguchi Akira , Narita Yugo , Maeda Masayuki , Satoh Masayuki , Tomimoto Hidekazu 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIntroductionThis study aims to investigate the association between the presence and frequency of cortical lesions (CLs), and the clinical and psychological features of multiple sclerosis (MS).MethodsA total of 19 patients with MS were examined using double inversion recovery (DIR) sequences with 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and classified into two groups: CL and non‐CL. In‐house software was used to quantitatively determine the atrophy of each brain region. Activities of daily living (ADL) were estimated using the Kurtzke Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). Cognitive function was assessed using the following tests: Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE), Trail Making Test (TMT), and Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task (PASAT). Z‐scores were used to assess significant differences in the neuropsychological test outcomes between the groups.ResultsSix of 19 patients had subcortical and deep WM lesions (non‐CL group; diagnosed with relapsing–remitting MS). Thirteen of 19 patients had both subcortical and cortical lesions (CL group; 9—relapsing–remitting MS; 4—primary/secondary progressive MS). There were no significant differences in age, education, and disease duration, but EDSS scores were significantly higher in the CL group compared to the non‐CL group. There were no significant differences in gray and white matter volume between the CL and the non‐CL groups, but the white matter lesion volume was significantly higher in the CL group compared to the non‐CL group. Neuropsychological tests showed significant performance worsening in the CL group as compared to the standard values for healthy individuals in their age group, especially in the TMT data.ConclusionsProgressive MS, which was associated with decreased physical functioning, ADL, and cognitive impairment, was found in patients in the CL group.
Association of neck circumference and cognitive impairment among Chinese elderly
Authors: Chen Jin‐Mei , Li Qing‐Wei , Jiang Guo‐Xin , Zeng Shu‐Jun , Shen Jun , Sun Ji , Wu Dan‐Hong , Cheng Qi 
Published: February 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the association between neck circumference (NC) and cognitive impairment and interactions between relevant variables to the risk of cognitive impairment.MethodsA population‐based survey was conducted among elderly inhabitants aged 60 years and over from a community in Shanghai suburb. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate associations and log likelihood ratio tests to examine interactions.ResultsCognitive impairment was identified in 269 (10.8%) subjects from 2,500 participants. Higher BMI (OR = 1.55; 95% CI = 1.11–2.16), higher WHR (OR = 1.44; 95% CI = 1.07–1.95), and higher total cholesterol (TC) (OR = 1.52; 95% CI = 1.09–2.13) were significantly associated with the increased risk of cognitive impairment. Significant interactions were observed between TC and a few other relevant variables, respectively.ConclusionsNC was associated with the high risk of cognitive impairment. Additive effects of NC with TC on cognitive impairment were observed.
The growing importance of lesion volume as a prognostic factor in patients with multiple brain metastases treated with stereotactic radiosurgery
Authors: Routman David M. , Bian Shelly X. , Diao Kevin , Liu Jonathan L. , Yu Cheng , Ye Jason , Zada Gabriel , Chang Eric L. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractStereotactic Radiosurgery (SRS) is considered standard of care for patients with 1–3 brain metastases (BM). Recent observational studies have shown equivalent OS in patients with 5+ BM compared to those with 2–4, suggesting SRS alone may be appropriate in these patients. We aim to review outcomes of patients treated with SRS with 2–4 versus 5+ BM. This analysis included consecutive patients from 1994 to 2015 treated with SRS. Of 1017 patients, we excluded patients with a single BM and patients without adequate survival data, resulting in 391 patients. All risk factors were entered into univariate analysis using Cox proportional hazards model, and significant factors were entered into multivariate analysis (MVA). We additionally analyzed outcomes after excluding patients with prior surgery or whole‐brain radiotherapy (WBRT). Median follow‐up was 7.1 months. Median KPS was 90, mean age was 59, and most common histologies were melanoma and lung. Median tumor volume was 3.41 cc. Patients with 2–4 BM had a median OS of 8.1 months compared to 6.2 months for those with 5+ BM (P = 0.0136). On MVA, tumor volume, KPS, and histology remained significant for OS, whereas lesion number did not. Similar results were found when excluding patients with prior surgery or WBRT. Rather than lesion number, the strongest prognostic factors for patients undergoing SRS were tumor volume >10 cc, KPS, and histology. BM number may therefore not be the most important criterion for candidacy for SRS. Patients with 5 or more BM should be considered for SRS.
The role of mmu‐miR‐155‐5p‐NF‐κB signaling in the education of bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells by gastric cancer cells
Authors: Wang Mei , Yang Fang , Qiu Rong , Zhu Mengchu , Zhang Huiling , Xu Wenrong , Shen Bo , Zhu Wei 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM‐MSCs) are important precursors of tumor stromal cells. Previously, we have demonstrated that miR‐155‐5p inhibition directly induced transition of BM‐MSCs into gastric cancer‐associated MSCs. Whether miR‐155‐5p is involved in the education of BM‐MSCs by gastric cancer cells has not been established. Murine BM‐MSCs (mMSCs) were isolated and grown in conditioned medium derived from gastric cancer cell line MFC (MFC‐CM). The tumor‐promoting phenotype and function of mMSCs were detected by immunofluorescence staining, quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR), cell colony formation assay, transwell migration, and invasion assays. Luciferase reporter assays and western blot analyses were conducted to reveal the relationship between nuclear factor kappa‐light‐chain‐enhancer of activated B cells (NF‐κB) p65 and mmu‐miR‐155‐5p. miRNA mimics, inhibitor, and the NF‐κB inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamic acid (PDTC) were used to evaluate the role of miR‐155‐5p‐NF‐κB signaling in the education of mMSCs by MFC‐CM. We successfully established the education model of mMSCs by MFC‐CM and found that mmu‐miR‐155‐5p expression levels were reduced in mMSCs. Mimicking this deregulation by transfecting miRNA inhibitor into mMSCs produced a similar effect as that of MFC‐CM on mMSCs. NF‐κB p65 was validated as a target of mmu‐miR‐155‐5p, which also negatively regulated NF‐κB activation. Inhibition of NF‐κB activation by PDTC abolished the effect of the miRNA inhibitor on mMSCs. mmu‐miR‐155‐5p overexpression partially blocked the effect of MFC‐CM in educating mMSCs, while PDTC treatment completely eliminated MFC‐CM activity. These results indicate that miR‐155‐5p is not the sole miRNA mediating the education of BM‐MSCs by gastric cancer cells, but downstream NF‐κB signaling is indispensable for this process.
A case report of chromosome 17q22‐qter trisomy with distinct clinical presentation and review of the literature
Authors: Upadia Jariya , Philips Joseph B. , Robin Nathaniel H. , Lose Edward J. , Mikhail Fady M. 
Published: February 2018

Key Clinical MessageTerminal 17q trisomy is very rare but a recognizable genetic syndrome. The majority of cases reported are inherited from a balanced translocation carrier. This syndrome involves many organs and the severity ranges from mild to severe depending on the size of the 17q gain.
Giant cell myocarditis causing refractory ventricular tachycardia in a pediatric patient
Authors: Panchal Apurva , Okojie Obehioye , Slagle Brittany , Tawfik Ossama 
Published: February 2018

Key Clinical MessageGiant cell myocarditis should be considered in all pediatric patients with refractory ventricular arrhythmia. Endomyocardial biopsy should be obtained to confirm the diagnosis of giant cell myocarditis.
Low‐pitch peripheral systolic murmur associated with pulmonary embolism in the acute phase: a report of two cases
Authors: Jingi Ahmadou Musa , Amougou Sylvie Ndongo , Jemea Bonaventure , Ouankou Christian Ngongang , Foutko Armelle , Ateba Narcisse Assene , Nkoke Clovis 
Published: February 2018

Key Clinical MessageAcute pulmonary embolism with significant right ventricular strain could be associated with a low‐pitch peripheral systolic murmur radiating to the axillae.
Simultaneous finding of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and residual hairy cell leukemia using a lymphocyte‐binding anti‐CD antibody microarray
Authors: Khvastunova Alina N. , Al‐Radi Liubov S. , Fedyanina Olga S. , Kuznetsova Sofya A. 
Published: February 2018

Key Clinical MessageThe morphologic diagnosis of hairy cell leukemia coexisting with another lymphoproliferative disorder is hindered by the small size of hairy cell population. It can be simplified by presorting peripheral blood mononuclear cell using an anti‐CD antibody microarray on transparent support (including anti‐CD11c, CD25, CD103, and CD123) before their morphology analysis.
Intrasinusoidal pattern of bone marrow infiltration by hepatosplenic T‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Butler Liesl Ann , Juneja Surender 
Published: February 2018

Key Clinical MessageHepatosplenic T‐cell lymphoma is a rare, aggressive form of extranodal lymphoma, which frequently involves the bone marrow. An intrasinusoidal pattern of infiltration is characteristic of the disease and is often best appreciated on immunohistochemical staining. Bone marrow biopsy can be a useful diagnostic tool.
Highly Dispersed Mo2C Anchored on N,P‐Codoped Graphene as Efficient Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Wang Yang , Zhu Shengdong , Tsubaki Noritatsu , Wu Mingbo 
Published: February 2018

AbstractUniformly dispersed Mo2C were anchored on N, P‐codoped graphene (Mo2C‐N,P‐rGO) by a facile method, during which phytic acid was employed as cross‐linker to bridge the polyethyleneimine (PEI) modified graphene oxide (PEI‐GO) and Mo ions through electrostatic adsorption and coordination bonding. Thanks to this ingenious strategy, the aggregation of Mo2C that usually occurs at high calcination temperature was effectively suppressed. This well‐defined nanohybrid exhibits an excellent activity and high stability in hydrogen evolution reactions both in acidic and basic media due to the synergistic effects of the heteroatoms doped, accessibility of active sites, and conductivity of the two‐dimensional (2D) structure. The obtained Mo2C‐N,P‐rGO requires only small overpotentials of 71 and 95 mV to drive 10 mA cm−2 in alkaline and acidic solution, respectively. Benefiting from the protective effect of the coated carbon layers on the Mo2C surface, no obvious degradation was detected after 20 h of operation. This facile strategy may provide new opportunities for the precise design of functional 2D materials with unique properties.
Pd Nanoparticles Encapsulated in FER Zeolite through a Layer Reassembling Strategy as Shape‐selective Hydrogenation Catalyst
Authors: Zhao Zhenchao , Li Yanlu , Feyen Mathias , McGuire Robert , Müller Ulrich , Zhang Weiping 
Published: February 2018

AbstractNoble metal nanoparticles (NPs) encapsulated in zeolites bearing distinct shape‐selective properties at molecular level expand their new applications in catalysis. Here we report a synthesis strategy for the encapsulation of Pd NPs inside FER zeolite via a layer reassembling process. Pd precursors were introduced by swelling FER layers in RUB‐36 through the surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium cations (CTA+) and then an ion‐exchange process at ambient temperature. Pd@FER was formed with a uniform diameter distribution of Pd NPs at about 1.4 nm during the topotactic transformation from layered zeolite precursors to 3‐dimensional zeolites followed by calcination. The as‐prepared Pd@FER catalyst exhibits distinct shape‐selective properties in hydrogenation reactions. It has relatively lower activity for 1‐hexene and almost no activity for 1‐phenyl‐1‐cyclohexene compared with Pd/RUB‐37 catalyst prepared via wet impregnation due to the restrictions of channels in the FER zeolite. On the contrary, Pd@FER shows very high hydrogenation activity for benzaldehyde and very low activity for diphenylmethanone hydrogenation, while Pd/RUB‐37 exhibits high hydrogenation activity for both benzaldehyde and diphenylmethanone. This synthesis strategy may be extended to other noble metals or two‐dimensional layered zeolite systems for size‐selective hydrogenation reactions.
Benzoimidazole‐Pyridylamido Zirconium and Hafnium Alkyl Complexes as Homogeneous Catalysts for Tandem Carbon Dioxide Hydrosilylation to Methane
Authors: Luconi Lapo , Rossin Andrea , Tuci Giulia , Gafurov Zufar , Lyubov Dmitrii M. , Trifonov Alexander A. , Cicchi Stefano , Ba Housseinou , Pham‐Huu Cuong , Yakhvarov Dmitry , Giambastiani Giuliano 
Published: February 2018

AbstractNeutral ZrIV and HfIV alkyl/amido complexes stabilized by a tridentate N ligand that contains a “rolling” heterodentate benzoimidazole fragment have been prepared and characterized. The ultimate nature of the ligand denticity, the electronic properties of the ligand binding pocket and the metal coordination environment are controlled by the protection/deprotection of the benzoimidazole NH group. The metal precursor used [MIV(Bn)4 or MIV(NMe2)4] also has an influence on the final coordination sphere of the complex; indeed, a permanent central pyridine dearomatization occurs in the presence of dimethylamido ancillary groups. DFT calculations on the real system have been used to elucidate the mechanism. Selected alkyl species from this series have been scrutinized for the tandem hydrosilylation of CO2 to CH4 in combination with the strong Lewis acid B(C6F5)3 using a variety of hydrosilanes. A positive effect of the hardness modification of the ligand donor atom set is observed in the catalytic outcomes. Indeed, κ3{N−,N,N−}ZrIV(Bn)2 catalyzes the process to methane selectively with a turnover frequency as high as 272 h−1 (at 96 % substrate conversion) almost twice as much as that claimed for the benchmark κ3{O−,O,O−}ZrIV(Bn)2 complex under similar experimental conditions.
Sustainable Manganese‐Catalyzed C−H Activation/Hydroarylation of Imines
Authors: Liang Yu‐Feng , Massignan Leonardo , Ackermann Lutz 
Published: February 2018

AbstractExpedient C−H additions of heteroarenes onto aldimines were realized by a sustainable manganese catalysis manifold within a removable directing group strategy. The C−H activation features most user‐friendly reaction conditions, excellent chemo‐ and position‐selectivity as well as ample substrate scope. Detailed experimental mechanistic studies suggest an organometallic C−H manganesation mode of action.
Modification of Activated Carbon by the Basic Ionic Liquid [Bmim]OH: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Yan Jia-Yu , Shang Jian-Jiang , Fu Ye , Li De-Qiang , Liu Zhi-Yong 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe large amount of dye wastewater requires efficient techniques, e.g., adsorption by activated carbon (AC), for removal of dyes to decrease water pollution. AC was modified by the basic ionic liquid 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hydroxide. The surface functional groups of AC changed evidently as detected by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Boehm titration. To evaluate the influence of functional group change on adsorption performance, AC and modified activated carbon (MAC) were employed to remove methylene blue. The results indicated an increase of adsorbance with lapse of contact time. The adsorption capability of AC was distinctly higher than that of MAC. From kinetic studies it follows that the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model can well describe the adsorption process.
Effect of Alcohol Addition to Gasoline on Soot Distribution Characteristics in Laminar Diffusion Flames
Authors: Liu Fushui , Hua Yang , Wu Han , Lee Chia-fon , He Xu 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAlcohols are widely used as alternative fuel for spark ignition engines to reduce soot emission. 2D soot distributions of alcohols‐gasoline blends were studied in laminar diffusion flames by two‐color laser‐induced incandescence technique. The soot volume fraction decreases significantly with the alcohol blending ratio. At the same blending ratio, the soot‐reducing ability declined with the carbon length of the alcohol, but the reducing effect for short‐chain alcohols, i.e., methanol and ethanol, deteriorated at high blending ratio while it remained constant for the long‐chain alcohol n‐butanol. At fixed oxygen content, the soot‐reducing ability of a short‐chain alcohol is still higher than that of a long‐chain alcohol, i.e., not only the oxygen content but also the molecular structure dominates the soot‐reducing ability.
An RF‐gated wireless power transfer system for wireless MRI receive arrays
Authors: Byron Kelly , Robb Fraser , Stang Pascal , Vasanawala Shreyas , Pauly John , Scott Greig 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIn MRI systems, cable‐free receive arrays would simplify setup while reducing the bulk and weight of coil arrays and improve patient comfort and throughput. Since battery power would limit scan time, wireless power transfer (WPT) is a viable option to continuously supply several watts of power to on‐coil electronics. To minimize added noise and decouple the wireless power system from MRI coils, restrictions are placed on the coil geometry of the wireless power system, which are shown to limit its efficiency. Continuous power harvesting can also cause a large increase in the background noise of the image due to diode rectifier up‐conversion of noise around the frequency of the transmitted power. However, by RF gating the transmitted power off during the MRI receive time while continuing to supply power from a storage capacitor, WPT is demonstrated to have minimal impact on image quality at received power levels up to 11 W. The integration of WPT with a 1.5T scanner is demonstrated.
Genotyping validates photo‐identification by the head scale pattern in a large population of the European adder (Vipera berus)
Authors: Bauwens Dirk , Claus Katja , Mergeay Joachim 
Published: February 2018

AbstractCapture‐mark‐recapture procedures are a basic tool in population studies and require that individual animals are correctly identified throughout their lifetime. A method that has become more and more popular uses photographic records of natural markings, such as pigmentation pattern and scalation configuration. As with any other marking tool, the validity of the photographic identification technique should be evaluated thoroughly. Here, we report on a large‐scale double‐marking study in which European adders (Vipera berus) were identified by both microsatellite genetic markers and by the pattern of head scalation. Samples that were successfully genotyped for all nine loci yielded 624 unique genotypes, which matched on a one‐to‐one basis with the individual assignments based on the head scalation pattern. Thus, adders considered as different individuals by their genotypes were also identified as different individuals by their head scalation pattern, and vice versa. Overall, variation in the numbers, shape, and arrangement of the head scales enabled us to distinguish among 3200+ photographed individual snakes. Adders that were repeatedly sequenced genetically over intervals of 2–3 years showed no indication whatsoever for a change in the head scale pattern. Photographic records of 900+ adders that were recaptured over periods of up to 12 years showed a very detailed and precise match of the head scale characteristics. These natural marks are thus robust over time and do not change during an individual's lifetime. With very low frequency (0.3%), we detected small changes in scalation that were readily discernible and could be attributed to physical injury or infection. Our study provides a conclusive validation for the use of photo‐identification by head scale patterns in the European adder.
No strict requirement for eosinophils for bone marrow plasma cell survival
Authors: Bortnick Alexandra , Chernova Irene , Spencer Sean P. , Allman David 
Published: February 2018

AbstractLasting antibody responses are maintained by long‐lived plasma cells, which are thought to lodge in the BM in specialized survival niches. Eosinophils have been reported to function as a critical component of the BM survival niche where they are thought to provide pro‐survival signals to nearby plasma cells. Recent study shows that many BM plasma cells are recently generated and chiefly short‐lived cells, raising the possibility that rare plasma cell–eosinophil interactions are a rate‐limiting step needed to establish lasting humoral immunity. To address these issues, we examined the impact of eosinophil depletion on short‐ and long‐lived BM plasma cells in the context of antibody responses induced by both T‐cell dependent and T‐cell independent antigens. Surprisingly, our results failed to support a role for eosinophils in either plasma cell generation or survival. These studies included examination of plasma cell frequencies in mice lacking eosinophils either after antibody‐mediated depletion, or due to mutation of the GATA1 locus.
Comparison of lipid peroxidation and catalase response in invasive dreissenid mussels exposed to single and multiple stressors
Authors: Nowicki Carly J. , Kashian Donna R. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

Dreissenid mussels Dreissena bugensis (quagga mussel) and Dreissena polymorpha (zebra mussel) are prolific invasive species to the freshwaters of the United States and Western Europe. In the Great Lakes, D. polymorpha has initially dominated the system since its invasion in the mid-1980s; however, recently D. bugensis has displaced D. polymorpha as the dominant species. Dreissena bugensis has several competitive advantages over D. polymorpha, including greater tolerances to deeper and colder waters and lower respiration rates. Nevertheless, physiological differences between the species remain largely unknown. The oxidative stress response is a mechanism used by all organisms to mitigate environmental stress by reducing oxygen radicals in the body, and comparing this mechanism between similar species can be useful for understanding how different species compete in aquatic environments. We compared oxidative stress biomarkers (lipid peroxidation [LPO] and catalase [CAT] activity) in mussels after exposure to 4 stressors (i.e., high densities, temperature, hypoxia, and polychlorinated biphenyls [PCBs]) independently and in combinations of 2 stressors. Overall, D. bugensis had lower LPO and CAT activity than D. polymorpha when exposed to single stressors; however, in multiple stressor treatments D. bugensis had increased LPO, especially with high temperatures and PCBs. The lower lipid damage in D. bugensis compared with D. polymorpha under single stressor conditions may come at the cost of the ability to respond to multiple stressors. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:1643–1654. © 2018 SETAC