bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Method for Multimodal IVA Fusion Within a MISA Unified Model Reveals Markers of Age, Sex, Cognition, and Schizophrenia in Large Neuroimaging Studies
Authors: Silva Rogers F. , Damaraju Eswar , Li Xinhui , Kochunov Peter , Ford Judith M. , Mathalon Daniel H. , Turner Jessica A. , van Erp Theo G. M. , Adali Tulay , Calhoun Vince D. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTWith the increasing availability of large‐scale multimodal neuroimaging datasets, it is necessary to develop data fusion methods which can extract cross‐modal features. A general framework, multidataset independent subspace analysis (MISA), has been developed to encompass multiple blind source separation approaches and identify linked cross‐modal sources in multiple datasets. In this work, we utilized the multimodal independent vector analysis (MMIVA) model in MISA to directly identify meaningful linked features across three neuroimaging modalities—structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), resting state functional MRI and diffusion MRI—in two large independent datasets, one comprising of control subjects and the other including patients with schizophrenia. Results show several linked subject profiles (sources) that capture age‐associated decline, schizophrenia‐related biomarkers, sex effects, and cognitive performance. For sources associated with age, both shared and modality‐specific brain‐age deltas were evaluated for association with non‐imaging variables. In addition, each set of linked sources reveals a corresponding set of cross‐modal spatial patterns that can be studied jointly. We demonstrate that the MMIVA fusion model can identify linked sources across multiple modalities, and that at least one set of linked, age‐related sources replicates across two independent and separately analyzed datasets. The same set also presented age‐adjusted group differences, with schizophrenia patients indicating lower multimodal source levels. Linked sets associated with sex and cognition are also reported for the UK Biobank dataset.
Prediction of Post Traumatic Epilepsy Using MR‐Based Imaging Markers
Authors: Akrami Haleh , Cui Wenhui , Kim Paul E. , Heck Christianne N. , Irimia Andrei , Jerbi Karim , Nair Dileep , Leahy Richard M. , Joshi Anand A. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTPost‐traumatic epilepsy (PTE) is a debilitating neurological disorder that develops after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Despite the high prevalence of PTE, current methods for predicting its occurrence remain limited. In this study, we aimed to identify imaging‐based markers for the prediction of PTE using machine learning. Specifically, we examined three imaging features: Lesion volumes, resting‐state fMRI‐based measures of functional connectivity, and amplitude of low‐frequency fluctuation (ALFF). We employed three machine‐learning methods, namely, kernel support vector machine (KSVM), random forest, and an artificial neural network (NN), to develop predictive models. Our results showed that the KSVM classifier, with all three feature types as input, achieved the best prediction accuracy of 0.78 AUC (area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve) using nested cross‐validation. Furthermore, we performed voxel‐wise and lobe‐wise group difference analyses to investigate the specific brain regions and features that the model found to be most helpful in distinguishing PTE from non‐PTE populations. Our statistical analysis uncovered significant differences in bilateral temporal lobes and cerebellum between PTE and non‐PTE groups. Overall, our findings demonstrate the complementary prognostic value of MR‐based markers in PTE prediction and provide new insights into the underlying structural and functional alterations associated with PTE.
Contrast‐Enhanced Computed Tomography (CT) With Concordant Sonography as Sufficient Early Detection Tools for Recurrent and Persistent Cervical Metastases After (Chemo)radiotherapy (CRT)
Authors: Stöcker Carl , Greve Jens , Beer Meinrad , Hosch Beate , Barth Thomas F. E. , Hoffmann Thomas K. , von Witzleben Adrian 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundMost challenging treatment needs are in recurrent or persisting head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients after (((chemo‐)radiotherapy) (C)RT).Materials and MethodsThis 10‐year retrospective study included 100 patients, who initially received (C)RT followed by neck dissection (ND). The results of computed tomography (CT) and sonography were evaluated for residual/recurrent cervical lymph nodes and compared to the histopathology. On this basis we calculate the sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV) and positive predictive value (PPV).ResultsA total of 144 ND specimens were analyzed. The combination of CT and sonography (n = 103) reached values 97% sensitivity, 71% specificity, 98% NPV, 66% PPV, and 81% overall accuracy.For patients who received as primary treatment CRT the values for the combined imaging were: 100.0%, 73.5%, 100.0%, 66.7% and 82.7% respectively.ConclusionOur study demonstrates that the combined use of CT and sonography reliably detects lymph node metastases, particularly in patients previously treated with CRT, even after a long time after treatment.
A single‐chain variable fragment‐based bispecific T‐cell activating antibody against CD117 enables T‐cell mediated lysis of acute myeloid leukemia and hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells
Authors: Volta Laura , Myburgh Renier , Hofstetter Mara , Koch Christian , Kiefer Jonathan D. , Gobbi Celeste , Manfredi Francesco , Zimmermann Kathrin , Kaufmann Philipp , Fazio Serena , Pellegrino Christian , Russkamp Norman F. , Villars Danielle , Matasci Mattia , Maurer Monique , Mueller Jan , Schneiter Florin , Büschl Paul , Harrer Niclas , Mock Jacqueline , Balabanov Stefan , Nombela‐Arrieta César , Schroeder Timm , Neri Dario , Manz Markus G. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) derives from hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). To date, no AML‐exclusive, non‐HSPC‐expressed cell‐surface target molecules for AML selective immunotherapy have been identified. Therefore, to still apply surface‐directed immunotherapy in this disease setting, time‐limited combined immune‐targeting of AML cells and healthy HSPCs, followed by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), might be a viable therapeutic approach. To explore this, we generated a recombinant single‐chain variable fragment‐based bispecific T‐cell engaging and activating antibody directed against CD3 on T‐cells and CD117, the surface receptor for stem cell factor, expressed by both AML cells and healthy HSPCs. Bispecific CD117xCD3 targeting induced lysis of CD117‐positive healthy human HSPCs, AML cell lines and patient‐derived AML blasts in the presence of T‐cells at subnanomolar concentrations in vitro. Furthermore, in immunocompromised mice, engrafted with human CD117‐expressing leukemia cells and human T‐cells, the bispecific molecule efficiently prevented leukemia growth in vivo. Additionally, in immunodeficient mice transplanted with healthy human HSPCs, the molecule decreased the number of CD117‐positive cells in vivo. Therefore, bispecific CD117xCD3 targeting might be developed clinically in order to reduce CD117‐expressing leukemia cells and HSPCs prior to HSCT.
Effect of different water quality on the performance of pressure compensating emitter in drip irrigation systems
Authors: Hou Peng , Ma Changjian , Zhang Kai , Hou Shance , Li Jingzhi , Xiao Yang , Li Yunkai 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPressure‐compensating emitters (PCE) ensure consistent flow rates and uniform irrigation in drip irrigation systems across varying pressures. However, the performance of PCE can be significantly compromised by marginal water, characterized by impurities like particulate matter, salt ions, microorganisms and organic substances. To date, research elucidating the factors contributing to PCE performance reduction with marginal water sources has been limited. This study investigated the effects of tour types of marginal waters on PCE performances, specifically saline water (rich in salt ions), high‐sediment water, biogas slurry (rich in organics) and reclaimed water (containing microorganisms), under three operational pressures (0.1 MPa, 0.2 MPa, 0.3 MPa). Variations in clogging substances and diaphragm performance within the PCE flow channel were analysed. Results indicated that PCE performance declined most rapidly in saline water, followed by high‐sediment water, biogas slurry and reclaimed water. Compared to clogging substances within the flow channel in reclaimed water conditions, those in biogas slurry, high‐sediment water and saline water increased by 3.4%, 17.5% and 93.1%, respectively. The flow coefficient decreased by 21.1%, 32.2% and 18.0%, respectively, while the flow index increased by 5.8%, 12.5% and 50.2%, respectively. Furthermore, the elastic modulus of the diaphragm decreased by 1.8%, 13.6% and 44.1%, respectively. These results underscored that chemical ions in the water source are the most critical factor influencing PCE performance, followed by sediment and organic matter, while microorganisms have a comparatively lesser impact. Furthermore, higher pressure levels were found to contribute to improvements in PCE performance. This study offers insights into the influence of various marginal waters on PCE performance, with implications for the broader adoption and implementation of pressure‐compensating drip irrigation technology in conditions involving marginal water.
Evaluating the social acceptability of the Re‐Connect concept: A smartphone‐based, nonfinancial, contingency management intervention
Authors: Raiff Bethany R. , Upton Caitlyn R. , Koffarnus Mikhail N. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractContingency management is a well‐validated behavior change intervention; however, the financial incentives can prevent it from being widely adopted. Most Americans have a smartphone with applications (apps) that they find enjoyable and engage with for a considerable amount of time. A potential avenue for contingency management dissemination is a mobile smartphone application that leverages the existing reward value of smartphone apps as a tool for behavior change. The present study examined the acceptability of the Re‐Connect concept, which proposes to block nonessential but highly preferred apps and unlock them contingent on meeting the user's health goals. Out of the sample surveyed (N = 146), 63.02% reported that they would be likely to use Re‐Connect and 67.81% would recommend it to someone. Acceptability of Re‐Connect increased with greater user control. These results suggest that access to preferred smartphone apps could be a socially acceptable incentive in a contingency management intervention.
A Rapid Quantitative Assessment Method for Liver Damage Effects of Compounds Based on Zebrafish Liver Partition Area Ratio
Authors: Yang Jing , Zhao Jingcheng , Zheng Te , Zhou Jiashuo , Zhang Huiwen , Zhang Yun 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTTotal liver area is a traditional indicator in evaluating compound liver damage with zebrafish models. However, in some experiments, compounds changed zebrafish liver morphology but total liver area showed no significant difference, indicating it is inaccurate for evaluating compound effects on zebrafish liver damage. Therefore, in this study, transgenic zebrafish Tg(l‐fabp:EGFP) labeled with liver cells using green fluorescent protein was used to evaluate compound effects on liver by the liver partition area ratio. The coefficient of variation of the total liver area and the liver partition area ratio of normal zebrafish at different development stages was calculated to determine the precision and dispersion of the liver partition area ratio. Three known hepatotoxic compounds (water extract of psoralea, alcohol, and α‐naphthalene isothiocyanate) were used to treat zebrafish, and liver partition area ratio was calculated and verified by liver tissue pathological sections. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between the liver partition area ratio, total liver area, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Results showed significant difference in liver partition area ratio between hepatotoxic compound treated group and control group, and it could accurately reflect liver morphology changes. There was a strong correlation between liver partition area ratio and ALT and AST level, whereas that between total liver area and ALT and AST level was low. Therefore, the change in zebrafish liver partition area ratio can be an evaluation indicator for rapid assessment of compound effects on zebrafish liver function damage, more sensitive and accurate than total liver area.
In Vitro Evaluation of CYP‐Mediated Metabolism of Fezolinetant and Pharmacokinetic Interaction Between Fezolinetant and Fluvoxamine in Healthy Postmenopausal Smokers and Nonsmokers
Authors: Iwai Megumi , Nielsen Jace , Miyagawa Mayuko , Patton Melanie , Bonate Peter L. , Wang Xuegong , Wojtkowski Tomasz , Sinn Angela , Huang Jiayin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFezolinetant is an oral, nonhormonal, neurokinin 3 receptor antagonist treatment option for moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause. An in vitro study using human recombinant cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes and human liver microsomes showed that fezolinetant is metabolized to its major but inactive metabolite, ES259564, predominantly through CYP1A2, with minor contributions from CYP2C9 and CYP2C19. The clinical impact of CYP1A2 inhibition and induction on single‐dose pharmacokinetics of fezolinetant was assessed in an open‐label, single‐sequence, phase 1 study in healthy postmenopausal women, where the impact of fluvoxamine, a strong CYP1A2 inhibitor, and smoking, a moderate CYP1A2 inducer, were evaluated. In total, 18 participants, 9 of whom were smokers, were enrolled. Fezolinetant pharmacokinetics were evaluated after a single 30‐mg dose on Day 1 and Day 7. Fluvoxamine 50 mg was administered as a single dose on Days 3 and 10 and twice daily from Days 4 to 9. Fluvoxamine increased geometric mean ratio of fezolinetant maximum plasma concentrations (Cmax) and area under the curve from time of dosing extrapolated to infinity (AUCinf) to 182% and 939%, respectively, while ES259564 Cmax decreased to 20.1% with no significant change in AUC. In smokers versus nonsmokers, when fezolinetant was administered alone, fezolinetant Cmax and AUCinf decreased to 71.7% and 48.3%, respectively, while ES259564 Cmax increased to 130.2% and AUCinf decreased to 81.8%. A single oral 30‐mg dose of fezolinetant was considered safe and well tolerated when co‐administered with fluvoxamine in healthy postmenopausal women.
Effect of non‐ionic frothers on bubble characteristics in flotation: a review
Authors: Pan Gaochao , Gao Zhonglin , Zhu Hongzheng , Yin Jianqiang , Shi Qinhui , Zhang Yong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe properties and synthesis of frothers have been the subject of scientific research for over a century owing to their extensive use in various industries. Given that the characteristics of bubbles are dependent on the nature of frother, such as in flotation slime, it is crucial to control the dosage of frother to achieve optimal effects. Excessive dosage leads to reagent waste whereas insufficient dosage results in resource waste, both hindering carbon emission reduction efforts. This paper provides a comprehensive review of existing literature regarding the impact of frothers on bubble behavior. The available literature demonstrates that the bubble size and velocity decrease as frother concentration increases. The underlying reasons for this phenomenon are discussed extensively. Furthermore, the relationship between bubble characteristics and hydrophile–lipophile balance (HLB) of frothers is examined. Finally, a correlation between bubble energy at critical coalescence concentration and HLB is established. These valuable insights for further investigation into frother properties. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Ultrasound Imaging for Preoperative Assessment of Schwannomas in the Palm: A Case Report
Authors: Chang Chia‐Sung , Huang Shih‐Chiang , Li Yung‐Lun , Hsieh Lin‐Fen 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTPeripheral nerve sheath tumors of the hand are rare occurrences. Among them, schwannomas are benign tumors originating from peripheral nerves. In this case report, we presented a patient with schwannomas in the palm, examined using ultrasound for preoperative assessment and was confirmed by pathological specimen. By highlighting the utility of ultrasound in detecting this condition, we aimed to enrich existing literature and ultimately enhance patient outcomes.
The effects of simultaneous point gains and losses on human persistence
Authors: de Méo Luiz André Connor , Tsutsumi Myenne Mieko Ayres , de Lemos Luis Humbert Andrade , da Silva Neto José Martins , da Silva Vinícius Kojicowski , Suemi Gomes Shirakwa Juliana , dos Santos Julia Rocker , Ramos Guilherme Alcantara 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFour experiments assessed the effects of simultaneous point gains and losses on human responding on a moving response button. Experiments 1 and 2 examined the effects of point loss arranged in variable‐time (VT) and variable‐interval (VI) schedules on persistence. For that purpose, a multiple schedule was in force. One component had point gains only, and the other had point gains and losses. The net reinforcement rate was equated across components by arranging greater point gains in the gains‐plus‐losses component. Increases in the speed of the moving response button disrupted responding during test sessions. No differential persistence between point‐gains and point‐gains‐and‐loss conditions was observed during Experiments 1 and 2. To ensure that point losses could function as punishers, Experiments 3 and 4 compared the effects of point loss arranged in fixed‐ratio (FR) or VI schedules on response rate and persistence. The FR and VI point loss decreased the response rate during Experiment 3 but did not produce differential persistence in Experiment 4. These results suggest that point loss decreases response rate but does not weaken persistence more than gains strengthen persistence.
Discrimination of highly similar stimuli as members of different equivalence classes
Authors: Ayres‐Pereira Vanessa , de Souza Deisy , Arntzen Erik 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLearning to discriminate between physically similar stimuli as members of different classes can be relevant in certain situations. This study investigated effective methods of displaying two pairs of quasi‐identical stimuli, as samples and/or comparisons, during the training of baseline conditional discriminations. The goal was to enable participants to form three 3‐member equivalence classes and discriminate similar stimuli as members of distinct equivalence classes. Eighteen adults underwent arbitrary relations (AB/AC) training. A multiple‐probe design assessed maintenance and emergence of stimulus relations. Participants were randomly assigned to one of six training conditions across three experiments. Conditions 1, 2, and 5 presented quasi‐identical stimuli successively as samples during training. Condition 3 presented quasi‐identical stimuli successively as comparisons, whereas Condition 4 presented quasi‐identical stimuli simultaneously as comparisons. Condition 6 presented each pair of quasi‐identical stimuli simultaneously as a sample and a comparison. Condition 4 uniquely resulted in successful equivalence class formation for all participants. Conditions 3 and 6 failed to form equivalence classes, whereas Conditions 1, 2, and 5 did not yield baseline learning. These findings highlight the relevance of presenting quasi‐identical stimuli as simultaneous comparisons (Condition 4) to foster equivalence class formation. Understanding optimal training conditions has implications for discussions on the acquisition of simple discriminations required in training simultaneous conditional discriminations.
Extracellular vesicles containing SARS‐CoV‐2 proteins are associated with multi‐organ dysfunction and worse outcomes in patients with severe COVID‐19
Authors: de Miguel‐Perez Diego , Arroyo‐Hernandez Marisol , La Salvia Sabrina , Gunasekaran Muthukumar , Pickering Edward M. , Avila Stephanie , Gebru Etse , Becerril‐Vargas Eduardo , Monraz‐Perez Sergio , Saharia Kapil , Grazioli Alison , McCurdy Michael T. , Frieman Matthew , Miorin Lisa , Russo Alessandro , Cardona Andrés F. , García‐Sastre Adolfo , Kaushal Sunjay , Hirsch Fred R. , Atanackovic Djordje , Sahoo Susmita , Arrieta Oscar , Rolfo Christian 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) and has been related to more than 7 million deaths globally since 2019. The association of high levels of IL‐6 with severe cases led to the early evaluation of the anti‐IL6 inhibitor tocilizumab as a potential treatment, which unfortunately failed to improve survival in many trials. Moreover, little is known about the development of COVID‐19 sequelae, and biomarkers are needed to understand and anticipate these processes. Because extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an important role in viral infection and immune response, they could potentially serve as predictive and prognostic biomarkers. We isolated EVs from 39 patients with severe COVID‐19, from which 29 received tocilizumab and 10 were considered controls. Blood samples, which were collected at hospitalisation before treatment, at Day 7, and Day 15 during follow‐up, were assessed by immunoblot for longitudinal expression of spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins. Dynamic expression was calculated and compared with clinicopathological and experimental variables. Expression of EV S was validated by immunogold and imaging flow‐cytometry, revealing an enrichment in CD9+ EVs. As a result, decreasing expression of EV viral proteins was observed in patients treated with tocilizumab. Moreover, higher increase in EV S was observed in patients with lower antibody response, hyperfibrinogenemia, lower respiratory function, higher blood pressure and shorter outcomes. These findings lay the foundation for future studies characterizing the role of EVs in multiorgan assessment and identifying biomarkers in patients with severe COVID‐19 and possible long COVID.
Mentoring experiences and career‐related outcomes of highly skilled migrant women in Australia: A qualitative study
Authors: Singh Jasvir Kaur Nachatar , Mutum Juliana 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMentoring is a powerful tool for career advancement. Highly skilled migrant women generally face employment barriers in Australia due to multilevel barriers, categorized into macro (Australian government visa policy), meso (discrimination at the workplace), and micro (individual factors) levels. However, limited studies have explored the mentoring lived experiences of highly skilled migrant women in developing their careers in the Australian labor market. Therefore, this research explores the mentoring experiences through conducting semi‐structured qualitative interviews with 27 highly skilled migrant women. The analysis identified three mentoring benefits: developing careers, gaining specialized skills, and fostering personal growth. Highly skilled migrant women were supported in their personal and professional careers through the mentoring sessions, whether in structured or unstructured conversations. These novel findings contribute to the migrant employment and career literature in terms of filling the empirical gap, as well as providing meso (managerial) and micro implications.