bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Employee treatment and firm innovation
Authors: Mao Connie X. , Weathers Jamie 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe identify firm innovation as a channel through which the treatment of employees affects firm value. Long‐term incentive theory supports positive effects of ‘good’ employee treatment on innovation. Alternatively, entrenchment theory suggests such treatment will lead to complacency and shirking, hence deterring innovation. These opposing views merit investigation since human capital is increasingly essential to the growth and success of a firm. Using the KLD database and patent/citation data, we find a significant positive relationship between favorable employee treatment and the innovation quantity and quality of a firm. Furthermore, we find that the positive treatment of employees improves innovation focus – more innovation related to firms’ core business, leading to greater firm value via the increased economic value of patents. These findings, robust to endogeneity concerns, provide support for the long‐term incentive hypothesis, suggesting that well‐treated employees increase firm innovation. Thus, firm innovation represents a channel through which positive employee treatment enhances firm value.
Long non‐coding RNA SNHG6 promotes cell proliferation and migration through sponging miR‐4465 in ovarian clear cell carcinoma
Authors: Wu Yong , Deng Yu , Guo Qinhao , Zhu Jun , Cao Lijie , Guo Xueqi , Xu Fei , Weng Weiwei , Ju Xingzhu , Wu Xiaohua 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDysregulation of small nucleolar RNA host gene 6 (SNHG6) exerts critical oncogenic effects and facilitates tumourigenesis in human cancers. However, little information about the expression pattern of SNHG6 in ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is available, and the contributions of this long non‐coding RNA to the tumourigenesis and progression of OCCC are unclear. In the present study, we showed via quantitative real‐time PCR that SNHG6 expression was abnormally up‐regulated in OCCC tissues relative to that in unpaired normal ovarian tissues. High SNHG6 expression was correlated with vascular invasion, distant metastasis and poor survival. Further functional experiments demonstrated that knockdown of SNHG6 in OCCC cells inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro as well as tumour growth in vivo. Moreover, SNHG6 functioned as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA), effectively acting as a sponge for miR‐4465 and thereby modulating the expression of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2). Taken together, our data suggest that SNHG6 is a novel molecule involved in OCCC progression and that targeting the ceRNA network involving SNHG6 may be a treatment strategy in OCCC.
Oral health of adults with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review
Authors: Ward L. M. , Cooper S. A. , Hughes‐McCormack L. , Macpherson L. , Kinnear D. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundThere have been several past reports that adults with intellectual disabilities experience poor oral health (tooth loss, periodontal health and untreated dental caries). Loss of a functional dentition has serious consequences, including problems with chewing, swallowing, nutrition, speech, temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis and pain and systemic health conditions. Poor oral health is largely preventable through proactive oral care support. In recent years, social care provision for adults has changed, with deinstitutionalisation and home‐based personalised care now being the typical provision in high income countries. Hence, oral health inequalities might be reducing. However, there is limited recent evidence‐synthesis on the topic. We aimed to address this.MethodPROSPERO registration number: CRD42018089880. We conducted a preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses systematic review of publications since 2008. Four databases were searched with a clear search strategy, strict inclusion criteria for selection of papers, double scoring (two raters), systematic data extraction and quality appraisal of included papers.ResultsA total of 33/3958 retrieved articles were included, of which 14 were drawn from dental service users and 10 from Special Olympic athletes, therefore not necessarily being representative of the wider population with intellectual disabilities. Despite this limitation, adults with intellectual disabilities were still shown to experience poor oral health. High levels of poor oral hygiene and gingivitis were found, with many also affected by periodontitis and untreated dental decay. There is clear unmet need relating to both periodontal (gum) and tooth health, leading to tooth loss.ConclusionsDespite reports in the past of poor oral health amongst adults with intellectual disabilities, and despite it being preventable, there remains a high burden of poor oral health. This highlights the need to raise awareness, and for polices on effective daily oral care, and appropriate service provision. The importance of oral health and its possible negative sequelae needs to be elevated amongst carers and professionals.
New novel mutations in Brazilian families with X‐linked Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth disease
Authors: Gouvea Silmara P. , Tomaselli Pedro J. , Barretto Luiza S. , Perina Keity C. B. , Nyshyama Fulviana S. , Nicolau Nilson , Lourenço Charles M. , Marques Wilson 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMutations in the GJB1 gene are the second most frequent cause of Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth disease (CMT), accounting for approximately 10% of CMT cases worldwide. We retrospectively analyzed detailed clinical and neurophysiological data on four Brazilian families carrying novel mutations of the GJB1 gene. Mutations were identified by bidirectional Sanger sequence analysis on the GJB1 coding region. We identified a total of 12 subjects from four different kindred. There was no male‐to‐male transmission, and their clinical pictures were within the expected spectrum for GJB1‐related neuropathy. Males were more severely affected than females. Five out of the eight females only had subclinical neuropathy. Nerve conduction velocities were in the intermediate range in the male patients and higher in the females affected. These mutations increase the genotypic variability associated with GJB1.
Systematic Review of Social Support on Psychological Symptoms and Self‐Management Behaviors Among Adults With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Kamp Kendra J. , West Patricia , Holmstrom Amanda , Luo Zhehui , Wyatt Gwen , Given Barbara 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPurposeThe purpose was to determine the relationship between social support, psychological symptoms and self‐management behaviors among adults with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and examine the influence of types of social support and patient age.DesignThis was a systematic review. PubMed, Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PsycINFO, Communication and Mass Media Complete, and Communication Abstracts were searched. Publication dates were limited to January 2000 to August 2018.MethodsThe systematic review was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis statement, and quality was appraised based on the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme for cohort studies tool. The data were synthesized using narrative synthesis techniques.FindingsThe literature review yielded 458 results. Eight articles met inclusion criteria. Articles utilized a variety of conceptualizations of both social support and self‐management behaviors, making comparisons difficult. Findings demonstrated an inverse relationship between social support and psychological symptoms, and in one study only when social support buffered high stress. Studies with significant relationships between age and self‐management behaviors indicated that a lower age was associated with decreased self‐management behaviors.ConclusionsSocial support has the potential to influence psychological symptoms among patients with IBD. Future research should examine types of social support (i.e., emotional, informational, and tangible support) and measure levels of received social support.Clinical RelevanceSocial support may serve as a modifiable factor to improve psychological symptoms among adults with IBD. Younger adults (age <40 years) may benefit from specialized interventions to address self‐management behaviors.
Herbaceous climbers in herbaceous systems are shade‐tolerant and magnesium‐demanding
Authors: Bitomský Martin , Mládková Pavla , Cimalová Šárka , Mládek Jan 
Published: May 2019

AbstractQuestionsClimbers do not invest in self‐supporting architecture, allowing them to grow quickly and search for light and nutrients in canopy gaps. The climbing strategy requires both disturbance and external support; however, in herbaceous systems, disturbances often homogeneously remove external support. As a result, there should be a negative relationship between light availability and the presence of external support. Here, we asked if the distribution of herbaceous climbers is positively or negatively associated with disturbance, light availability and plant‐available nutrients. Further, we tested if climbers differ in traits compared to co‐occurring herbs.LocationCzech Republic.MethodsWe used observations from a phytosociological database, species‐rich grasslands and arable fields. First, we examined the presence of climbers in response to disturbance variables (frequency, severity and regime) and canopy cover (external support and light availability). Second, we examined the distribution of climbers along gradients of plant‐available nutrients in species‐rich grasslands. Finally, we compared seven functional traits between 31 climbers and 1,138 co‐occurring herbs growing in 18 Central European herbaceous habitats.ResultsWe found no relationship between any disturbance variables and the occurrence of climbers; indeed, climbers tended to occur more frequently in sites with denser canopies. In species‐rich grasslands, the presence of climbers was positively related to plant‐available magnesium. Climbers tended to be taller, with greater seed mass and specific leaf area (SLA) than co‐occurring species.ConclusionsHerbaceous climbers grow in plots with low light availability but plenty of external support and require magnesium for the formation of flexible stems. Compared to co‐occurring herbs, climbers allocate resources saved from their lack of self‐support to both shade‐avoidance (canopy height) and shade‐tolerance traits (seed mass, SLA). Compared to lianas, the distribution of herbaceous climbers is not affected by disturbance but is dependent on the availability of external support and magnesium.
Where to begin? Sigma factors and the selectivity of transcription initiation in bacteria
Authors: Helmann John D. 
Published: May 2019

SummaryTranscription is the fundamental process that enables the expression of genetic information. DNA‐directed RNA polymerase (RNAP) uses one strand of the DNA duplex as template to produce complementary RNA molecules that serve in translation (rRNA, tRNA), protein synthesis (mRNA) and regulation (sRNA). Although the RNAP core is catalytically competent for RNA synthesis, the selectivity of transcription initiation requires a sigma (σ) factor for promoter recognition and opening. Expression of alternative σ factors provides a powerful mechanism to control the expression of discrete sets of genes (a σ regulon) in response to specific nutritional, developmental or stress‐related signals. Here, I review the key insights that led to the original discovery of σ factor 50 years ago and the subsequent discovery of alternative σ factors as a ubiquitous mechanism of bacterial gene regulation. These studies form a prelude to the more recent, genomics‐enabled insights into the vast diversity of σ factors in bacteria.
An analysis of nursing citations and disciplinary characteristics in 79 articles that represent excellence in nursing publication
Authors: Chinn Peggy L. , Nicoll Leslie H. , Carter‐Templeton Heather D. , Oermann Marilyn H. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDevelopment of the knowledge base for a profession depends on research and scholarship that builds on the insights and work of scholars within the discipline and is disseminated through the literature. The purpose of this study was to examine a unique collection of 79 articles selected by editors as representative of their nursing journals. Articles were assessed for congruence with long‐standing values and conceptual definitions of nursing, and the extent to which they built on prior literature published in nursing. Articles were scored based on whether they reflected four characteristics of nursing as a discipline (holism, social context, goal of health, and consistency with common definitions of nursing); an abstract score on the extent to which the title, abstract, or keywords indicated a general focus on nursing; and a distinction score based on whether the article distinguished nurses or nursing from other providers. Fifty of the articles received an article score of 4, indicating all four disciplinary characteristics were present in the article's content. While the majority of the articles were congruent with fundamental nursing values and perspectives, only 28% of the sources cited were from nursing sources. The lack of citations to nursing literature, coupled with an assessment that reveals gaps in substantive content that builds on nursing knowledge, raises questions about the future of nursing perspectives in the literature.
Effect of citalopram on esophageal motility in healthy subjects—Implications for reflux episodes, dysphagia, and globus
Authors: Manolakis Anastassios C. , Broers Charlotte , Geysen Hannelore , Goelen Nick , Van Houtte Brecht , Rommel Nathalie , Vanuytsel Tim , Tack Jan , Pauwels Ans 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundDrugs such as citalopram, “targeting” the serotonin pathway, can alter esophageal mechano‐chemical sensitivity and gastrointestinal motility. The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of citalopram on esophageal motility and sphincter function, transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations (TLESRs), and reflux events.MethodsSixteen healthy volunteers (HV) receiving 20 mg citalopram or placebo intravenously, in a randomized cross‐over fashion, underwent two high‐resolution impedance manometry studies involving liquid swallows and a high‐fat, high‐caloric meal. Manometric, reflux, and symptom‐related parameters were studied.Key ResultsA lower distal contractile integral was recorded under citalopram, compared with placebo (P = 0.026). Upper esophageal sphincter (UES) resting pressure was significantly higher after citalopram administration throughout the study (P < 0.05, all periods). Similarly, the UES postswallow mean and maximum pressures were higher in the citalopram condition (P < 0.0001, in both cases) and this was also the case for the 0.2 s integrated relaxation pressure (P = 0.04). Esophagogastric junction resting pressures in the citalopram visit were significantly higher during swallow protocol, preprandial period, and the first postprandial hour (P < 0.05, in all cases). TLESRs and total reflux events were both reduced after citalopram infusion (P = 0.01, in both cases). During treatment with citalopram, five participants complained about globus sensation (P = 0.06). This citalopram‐induced globus was associated with higher UES postswallow mean and maximum pressure values (P = 0.01 and P = 0.04, respectively).Conclusions and InferencesAdministration of citalopram exerts a diversified response on esophageal motility and sphincter function, linked to clinically relevant phenomena: a reduction in postprandial TLESRs and the induction of drug‐induced globus.
Clinical evaluation of a small implantable cardiac monitor with a long sensing vector
Authors: Piorkowski Christopher , Busch Mathias , Nölker Georg , Schmitt Jörn , Roithinger Franz Xaver , Young Glenn , Táborský Miloš , Herrmann Gundula , Schmitz Dietmar 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIntroductionWe conducted this study to show the safety and efficacy of a new implantable cardiac monitor (ICM), the BioMonitor 2 (Biotronik SE & Co. KG; Berlin, Germany), and to describe the arrhythmia detection performance.MethodsThe BioMonitor 2 has an extended sensing vector and is implanted close to the heart. It can transmit up to six subcutaneous electrocardiogram strips by Home Monitoring each day. We enrolled 92 patients with a standard device indication for an ICM in a single‐arm, multicenter prospective trial. Patients were followed for 3 months, and 48‐h Holter recordings were used to evaluate the arrhythmia detection performance.ResultsOne patient withdrew consent and in one patient, the implantation failed. Two study device‐related serious adverse events were reported, satisfying the primary safety hypothesis. Implantations took 7.4 ± 4.4 min from skin cut to suture. At 1 week, the R‐wave amplitude was 0.75 ± 0.53 mV. In the 82 patients with completed Holter recordings, all patients with arrhythmias were correctly identified. False positive detections of arrhythmia were mostly irregular rhythms wrongly detected as atrial fibrillation (episode‐based positive predictive value 72.5%). Daily Home Monitoring transmission was 94.9% successful.ConclusionSafety and efficacy of the new device has been demonstrated. The detected R‐wave amplitudes are large, leading to a low level of inappropriate detections due to over‐ or undersensing.
The therapeutic relationship in Cognitive Behaviour Therapy with depressed adolescents: A qualitative study of good‐outcome cases
Authors: Wilmots Eva , Midgley Nick , Thackeray Lisa , Reynolds Shirley , Loades Maria 
Published: May 2019

ObjectivesThis paper aimed to explore client experiences of the therapeutic relationship among adolescents with good outcomes after receiving Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) for moderate to severe depression.DesignThis was a qualitative study employing Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA).MethodsAs part of a randomized clinical trial, 77 adolescents with moderate to severe depression were interviewed using a semi‐structured interview, which was audio‐recorded. Five of these interviews, with adolescents aged 14–18 years who completed CBT and had good outcomes, were purposively sampled and analysed using IPA.ResultsThe findings indicated that a positive therapeutic relationship was fostered with therapists who respected the adolescents’ autonomy and sense of individuality, while offering experiences of emotional closeness and connection. This was achieved by balancing the dual roles of being ‘friendly’ and affable, with being a ‘professional expert’ thereby embodying a collaborative and egalitarian approach.ConclusionsThe therapeutic relationship in CBT can help to motivate adolescents to engage with cognitively and emotionally challenging tasks. By providing an understanding of what helps and hinders the development of a positive therapeutic relationship, the current findings offer important insight into how therapists can foster positive relationships with depressed adolescents. This knowledge will make it more likely that adolescents will engage in the treatment process and in turn experience greater therapeutic gains.Practitioner points

Offers a detailed phenomenological analysis of what fostered a positive therapeutic relationship in good outcome CBT, and what was experienced as harmful from the adolescents’ perspective.

Provides support that the therapeutic relationship is crucial in CBT; a respectful and understanding relationship provides a platform for the adolescent to carry out CBT activities and tasks.
Influence of different factors on the costs and benefits of oral vaccination of foxes against rabies
Authors: Bedeković Tomislav , Šimić Ivana , Krešić Nina , Lojkić Ivana 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe oral rabies vaccination (ORV) programme is the most widespread vaccination programme that is implemented in the European Union and targets wildlife diseases. The size of the project requires significant financial resources, so a cost–benefit analysis is necessary to establish the economic value of the project. We summarized all ORV costs during the period 2011–2016 in Croatia, calculated all established benefits and presented the cost–benefit ratio (CBR). Additionally, we analysed all components included in the ORV and rabies control programme (surveillance, preventive human treatment and vaccination of dogs) to find possibilities to increase the benefits. According to our results, in the period 2011–2016, the CBR was only 0.05, and the majority of the cost was derived from the preventive vaccination of dogs (72.3%). With the implementation of 2‐ or 3‐year vaccination intervals, the CBR can be increased to 1.46 or 1.92, respectively, confirming positive economic value. This study shows the importance of analysing all rabies control and eradication components based on the specific characteristics of a particular country to determine the factors that can be modified to potentially improve the benefits of ORV.
A molecular toolbox for interrogation of membrane contact sites
Authors: Jing Ji , Liu Gan , Huang Yun , Zhou Yubin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMembrane contact sites (MCSs) are specialized subcellular compartments formed by closely apposed membranes from two organelles. The intermembrane gap is separated by a distance ranging from 10 to 35 nm. MCSs are typically maintained through dynamic protein–protein and protein–lipid interactions. These intermembrane contact sites constitute important intracellular signalling hotspots to mediate a plethora of cellular processes, including calcium homeostasis, lipid metabolism, membrane biogenesis and organelle remodelling. In recent years, a series of genetically encoded probes and chemogenetic or optogenetic actuators have been invented to aid the visualization and interrogation of MCSs in both fixed and living cells. These molecular tools have greatly accelerated the pace of mechanistic dissection of membrane contact sites at the molecular level. In this review, we present an overview on the latest progress in this endeavour, and provide a general guide to the selection of methods and molecular tools for probing interorganellar membrane contact sites.
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Convergence of the Pamir and the South Tian Shan in the late Cenozoic: Insights from provenance analysis in the Wuheshalu section at the convergence area
Authors: Chen Xinwei , Chen Hanlin , Sobel Edward R. , Lin Xiubin , Cheng Xiaogan , Yan Jiakai , Yang Shaomei 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn response to collision and convergence between India and Asia during the Cenozoic, convergence took place between the Pamir and South Tian Shan. Here we present new detrital zircon U-Pb ages coupled with conglomerate clast counting and sedimentary data from the late Cenozoic Wuheshalu section in the convergence zone, to shed light on the convergence process of the Pamir and South Tian Shan. Large Triassic zircon U-Pb age populations in all seven samples suggest that Triassic igneous rocks from the North Pamir were the major source area for the late Cenozoic Wuheshalu section. In the Miocene, large populations of the North Pamir component supports rapid exhumation in the North Pamir and suggest that topography already existed there since the early Miocene. Exhumation of the South Tian Shan was relatively less important in the Miocene and its detritus could only reach a limited area in the foreland area. Gradually increasing sediment loading and convergence of the Pamir and South Tian Shan caused rapid subsidence in the convergence area. Since ca. 6–5.3 Ma, the combination of a major North Pamir component and a minor South Tian Shan component at the Wuheshalu section is consistent with active deformation of the South Tian Shan and the North Pamir. During deposition of the upper Atushi Formation, a larger proportion of North Pamir–derived sediments was deposited in the Wuheshalu section, maybe because faulting and northward propagation of the North Pamir caused northward displacement of the depocenter to north of the Wuheshalu section.