bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Repeated cross‐sectional study ofTrypanosoma cruziin shelter dogs in Texas, in the context ofDirofilaria immitisand tick‐borne pathogen prevalence
Authors: Hodo Carolyn L. , Rodriguez Jessica Y. , Curtis‐Robles Rachel , Zecca Italo B. , Snowden Karen F. , Cummings Kevin J. , Hamer Sarah A. 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundVector‐borne diseases have an adverse impact on health of dogs, and infected dogs can be sentinels for human infection. Infection withTrypanosoma cruzi, an agent of Chagas disease, causes fatal heart disease in dogs across the southern United States but has been neglected from wide‐scale prevalence studies.ObjectivesTo determine the prevalence of exposure toT. cruzi,Ehrlichiaspp.,Anaplasmaspp.,Borrelia burgdorferi, and infection withDirofilaria immitisamong dogs in shelters across Texas and to identify risk factors forT. cruziseropositivity.AnimalsSix hundred and eight dogs.MethodsThis repeated cross‐sectional study was performed by collecting blood from ~30 dogs during each of the 3 visits to 7 shelters. We tested serum for antibodies toT. cruziusing 2 tests in series and for antibodies toEhrlichiaspp.,Anaplasmaspp., andB. burgdorferiandD. immitisantigen using the IDEXX SNAP 4DX Plus point‐of‐care test. DNA was extracted from blood clots and tested forT. cruziDNA and strain type via quantitative polymerase chain reactions (qPCR). We used logistic regression to assess risk factors.ResultsOne hundred ten (18.1%) of 608 dogs were seropositive forT. cruzi. Prevalence of exposure to the other vector‐borne agents was:Ehrlichiaspp. 3.6%;Anaplasmaspp. 6.9%;B. burgdorferi0.2%; andD. immitisinfection 16.0%. Six of 559 (1.1%) dogs were qPCR‐positive forT. cruzi.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceT.cruziseroprevalence was comparable toD. immitisprevalence and higher than seroprevalence of the tick‐borne pathogens.T.cruziis an underrecognized health threat to dogs across Texas and possibly other southern states where triatomine vectors are endemic.
Endo‐therapies for biliary duct‐to‐duct anastomotic stricture after liver transplantation: Outcomes of a nationwide survey
Authors: Cantù Paolo , Tarantino Ilaria , Baldan Anna , Mutignani Massimiliano , Tringali Andrea , Lombardi Giovanni , Cerofolini Angelo , Di Sario Antonio , Catalano Giorgia , Bertani Helga , Ghinolfi Davide , Boarino Valentina , Masci Enzo , Bulajic Milutin , Pisani Antonio , Fantin Alberto , Ligresti Dario , Barresi Luca , Traina Mario , Ravelli Paolo , Forti Edoardo , Barbaro Federico , Costamagna Guido , Rodella Luca , Maroni Luca , Salizzoni Mauro , Conigliaro Rita , Filipponi Franco , Merighi Alberto , Staiano Teresa , Monteleone Michela , Mazzaferro Vincenzo , Zucchi Elena , Zilli Maurizio , Nadal Elena , Rosa Roberto , Santi Giulio , Parzanese Ilaria , De Carlis Luciano , Donato Maria Francesca , Lampertico Pietro , Maggi Umberto , Caccamo Lucio , Rossi Giorgio , Vecchi Maurizio , Penagini Roberto 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe most appropriate endo‐therapeutic approach to biliary anastomotic strictures is yet to be defined.AimTo retrospectively report on the endo‐therapy of duct‐to‐duct anastomotic strictures during 2013 in Italy.MethodsData were collected from 16 Endoscopy Units at the Italian Liver Transplantation Centers (BASALT study group).ResultsComplete endo‐therapy and follow‐up data are available for 181 patients: 101 treated with plastic multistenting, 26 with fully covered self‐expandable metal stenting and 54 with single stenting. Radiological success was achieved for 145 patients (80%), that is, 88% of plastic multistenting, 88% of self‐expandable metal stenting and 61% of single stenting (P < 0.001 vs plastic multistenting; P < 0.05 vs self‐expandable metal stenting). After first‐line endo‐therapy failure, the patients underwent a second‐line endo‐therapy with plastic multistenting for 25%, fully covered self‐expandable metal stenting for 53% and single stenting for 22% of cases, and radiological success was achieved for 84%, that is, 100%, 85% and 63% with plastic multistenting, self‐expandable metal stenting and single stenting (P < 0.05 vs plastic multistenting or self‐expandable metal stenting) respectively. Procedure‐related complications occurred in 7.8% of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographies. Overall, clinical success was achieved in 87% of patients after a median follow‐up of 25 months.ConclusionPlastic multistenting is confirmed as the preferred first‐line treatment, while fully covered self‐expandable metal stenting as rescue option for biliary anastomotic strictures. Single stenting has sub‐optimal results and should be abandoned.
Maohokite, a post‐spinel polymorph of MgFe2O4 in shocked gneiss from the Xiuyan crater in China
Authors: Chen Ming , Shu Jinfu , Xie Xiande , Tan Dayong 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMaohokite, a post‐spinel polymorph of MgFe2O4, was found in shocked gneiss from the Xiuyan crater in China. Maohokite in shocked gneiss coexists with diamond, reidite, TiO2‐II, as well as diaplectic glasses of quartz and feldspar. Maohokite occurs as nano‐sized crystallites. The empirical formula is (Mg0.62Fe0.35Mn0.03)2+Fe3+2O4. In situ synchrotron X‐ray microdiffraction established maohokite to be orthorhombic with the CaFe2O4‐type structure. The cell parameters are a = 8.907 (1) Å, b = 9.937(8) Å, c = 2.981(1) Å; V = 263.8 (3) Å3; space group Pnma. The calculated density of maohokite is 5.33 g cm−3. Maohokite was formed from subsolidus decomposition of ankerite Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 via a self‐oxidation‐reduction reaction at impact pressure and temperature of 25–45 GPa and 800–900 °C. The formation of maohokite provides a unique example for decomposition of Fe‐Mg carbonate under shock‐induced high pressure and high temperature. The mineral and its name have been approved by the Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification of the International Mineralogical Association (IMA 2017‐047). The mineral was named maohokite after Hokwang Mao, a staff scientist at the Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, for his great contribution to high pressure research.
Trends and predictors of optimal breastfeeding among children 0–23 months, South Asia: Analysis of national survey data
Authors: Benedict Rukundo K. , Craig Hope C. , Torlesse Harriet , Stoltzfus Rebecca J. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractOptimal breastfeeding practices, including early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) within 1 hr of birth, exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for the first 6 months of age, and continued breastfeeding (CBF) for 2 years of age or beyond with appropriate complementary foods, are essential for child survival, growth, and development. Breastfeeding norms differ within and between countries in South Asia, and evidence is needed to inform actions to protect, promote, and support optimal practices. This study examines time trends and predictors of EIBF, avoidance of prelacteal feeding (APF), EBF, and CBF to 2 years using survey data from Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Nepal, and Pakistan since 1990. EIBF, APF, and EBF increased in Bangladesh, India, and Nepal from 1990 to 2016. EIBF and EBF increased in Pakistan from 1990 to 2013, but both EIBF and APF decreased in recent years. In Afghanistan, EIBF, APF, and EBF decreased from 2010 to 2015. CBF remained fairly constant across the region although prevalence varied by country. Significant (p < 0.05) predictors of suboptimal practices included caesarian delivery (4–25%), home delivery, small size at birth, and low women's empowerment. Wealth, ethnic group, and caste had varied associations with breastfeeding. Progress towards optimal breastfeeding practices is uneven across the region and is of particular concern in Afghanistan and Pakistan. There are some common predictors of breastfeeding practices across the region, however country‐specific predictors also exist. Policies, programs, and research should focus on improving breastfeeding in the context of women's low empowerment and strategies to support breastfeeding of infants born small or by caesarian section, in addition to country‐specific actions.
Currency Unions and Trade: A PPML Re‐assessment with High‐dimensional Fixed Effects
Authors: Larch Mario , Wanner Joschka , Yotov Yoto V. , Zylkin Thomas 
Published: November 2018

AbstractRecent work on the effects of currency unions (CUs) on trade stresses the importance of using many countries and years in order to obtain reliable estimates. However, for large samples, computational issues associated with the three‐way (exporter‐time, importer‐time, and country pair) fixed effects currently recommended in the gravity literature have heretofore limited the choice of estimator, leaving an important methodological gap. To address this gap, we introduce an iterative poisson pseudo‐maximum likelihood (PPML) estimation procedure that facilitates the inclusion of these fixed effects for large data sets and also allows for correlated errors across countries and time. When applied to a comprehensive sample with more than 200 countries trading over 65 years, these innovations flip the conclusions of an otherwise rigorously specified linear model. Most importantly, our estimates for both the overall CU effect and the Euro effect specifically are economically small and statistically insignificant. We also document that linear and PPML estimates of the Euro effect increasingly diverge as the sample size grows.
Comparison of emotional processing assessed with fear conditioning by interpersonal conflicts in patients with depression and schizophrenia
Authors: Tani Hideaki , Tada Mitsuhiro , Maeda Takaki , Konishi Mika , Umeda Satoshi , Terasawa Yuri , Mimura Masaru , Takahashi Takuya , Uchida Hiroyuki 
Published: November 2018

AimWhile emotional processing is implicated in various psychiatric illnesses, its differences among diagnoses are unclear. We compared associative learning of social values in patients with depression and schizophrenia by measuring skin conductance response to interpersonal stimuli.MethodsWe included 20 female outpatients each with depression and schizophrenia. They underwent Pavlovian conditioning experiments in response to a classical aversive sound, and an interpersonal stimulus that was designed to cause aversive social conditioning with actors’ faces coupled with negative verbal messages. Multiple regression analysis was performed to examine the associations between the degree of conditioned response and the clinical characteristics of the participants.ResultsConditioned responses during the acquisition phase in both conditions were higher in depression compared to schizophrenia. Patients with depression successfully showed fear conditioning in both conditions, and they exhibited slower extinction in the interpersonal condition. The conditioned response during the extinction phase showed a positive association with Emotion Regulation Questionnaire Expressive Suppression score, and a negative association with the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire Cognitive Reappraisal score and the use of antidepressants. Patients with schizophrenia did not become conditioned in either of the conditions. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale Negative Syndrome score was negatively associated with the degree of conditioned response during the acquisition phase in the interpersonal condition.ConclusionFemale patients with schizophrenia, especially those who prominently demonstrated negative symptoms, suggested their intrinsic impairments in the associative learning of social context. Antidepressants and adaptive emotional regulation strategy may enhance the extinction learning of aversive social conditioning in depression.
A Combination of Visudyne and a Lipid‐anchored Liposomal Formulation of Benzoporphyrin Derivative Enhances Photodynamic Therapy Efficacy in a 3D Model for Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Rizvi Imran , Nath Shubhankar , Obaid Girgis , Ruhi Mustafa Kemal , Moore Kaitlin , Bano Shazia , Kessel David , Hasan Tayyaba 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA major objective in developing new treatment approaches for lethal tumors is to reduce toxicity to normal tissues while maintaining therapeutic efficacy. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) provides a mechanistically distinct approach to treat tumors without the systemic toxicity of chemotherapy drugs. PDT involves the light‐based activation of a small molecule, a photosensitizer (PS), to generate reactive molecular species (RMS) that are toxic to target tissue. Depending on the PS localization, various cellular and subcellular components can be targeted, causing selective photodamage. It has been shown that targeted lysosomal photodamage followed by, or simultaneous with, mitochondrial photodamage using two different PS results in a considerable enhancement in PDT efficacy. Here, two liposomal formulations of benzoporphyrin derivative (BPD): (1) Visudyne (clinically approved) and (2) an in‐house formulation entrapping a lipid conjugate of BPD are used in combination with direct PS localization to mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and lysosomes, enabling simultaneous photodamage to all three organelles using a single wavelength of light. Building on findings by our group, and others, this study demonstrates, for the first time in a 3D model for ovarian cancer, that BPD‐mediated photodestruction of lysosomes and mitochondria/ER significantly enhances PDT efficacy at lower light doses than treatment with either PS formulation alone.
Ultrafast excited‐state dynamics in chlorosomes isolated from the photosynthetic filamentous green bacterium Chloroflexus aurantiacus
Authors: Yakovlev Andrei G. , Taisova Alexandra S. , Shuvalov Vladimir A. , Fetisova Zoya G. 
Published: November 2018

Bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) c pigments in the aggregated state are responsible for efficient light harvesting in chlorosomes of the filamentous anoxygenic photosynthetic bacterium, Chloroflexus (Cfx.) aurantiacus. Absorption of light creates excited states in the BChl c aggregates. After subpicosecond intrachlorosomal energy transfer, redistribution and relaxation, the excitation is transferred to the BChl a complexes and further to reaction centers on the picosecond time scale. In this work, the femtosecond excited state dynamics within BChl c oligomers of isolated Cfx. aurantiacus chlorosomes was studied by double difference pump‐probe spectroscopy at room temperature. Difference (Alight − Adark) spectra corresponding to excitation at 725 nm (blue side of the BChl c absorption band) were compared with those corresponding to excitation at 750 nm (red side of the BChl c absorption band). A very fast (time constant 70 ± 10 fs) rise kinetic component was found in the stimulated emission (SE) upon excitation at 725 nm. This component was absent at 750‐nm excitation. These data were explained by the dynamical red shift of the SE due to excited state relaxation. The nature and mechanisms of the ultrafast excited state dynamics in chlorosomal BChl c aggregates are discussed.
“Subnutrition effects during pregnancy and lactation on mitosis, apoptosis and androgen receptor expression in the rat testis”
Authors: Genovese Patricia , Herrera Emiliano , Riaño Victoria , Bielli Alejandro 
Published: November 2018

ContentsIn order to study the effect of undernutrition during gestation on the testicular development in rats and its impact on mitosis, apoptosis and the relative abundance of androgen receptor expression, twenty primiparous 3‐month‐old Sprague–Dawley (Rattus norvegicus) rats, weighing 246 ± 4.0 grams when the experiment began, were mated by the same male. Control group (CG), n = 10, fed ad libitum with water and rat chow and restricted group (RG, n = 10) fed throughout pregnancy and until birth with 40% of the ad libitum maternal daily feed intake. Litters from both groups suckled for 25 days, RG with 14 pups/litter and CG with 8 pups/litter. After weaning, all animals had access to ad libitum food and water. Testicular samples were taken from male pups at 2, 25 and 100 days of age. Immunohistochemistry was used to evidence androgen receptor (AR) expression in apoptotic (caspase 3‐positive) and proliferating (PCNA‐positive) cells. Three hundred nuclei of sustentacular (or Sertoli: SC), interstitial (or Leydig: LC), myoid (MC) cells as well as gonocytes (GC) were evaluated. Neither LC nor GC showed any differences between groups. However, SC androgen receptor (AR) positivity index in neonatal animals was lower in RG (1.27 ± 0.22 vs. 1.65 ± 0.17**). MC showed lower AR positivity index at 2 (2.69 ± 0.046 vs. 2.8 ± 0.055**) and 25 (1.34 ± 0.097 vs. 1.56 ± 0.1***) days of life; at 100 days of life, there was a greater number of apoptotic MC in the RG (8.5 ± 0.4 vs. 2.95 ± 1.1***). Thus, the present experiment demonstrates that the population dynamics of MC are affected by foetal programming due to undernutrition.
From a river valley to a ria: Evolution of an incised valley (Ría de Ferrol, north‐west Spain) since the Last Glacial Maximum
Authors: Cartelle Víctor , García‐Gil Soledad 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe evolution of incised valleys is an important area of research due to the invaluable data it provides on sea‐level variations and depositional environments. In this article the sedimentary evolution of the Ría de Ferrol (north‐west Spain) from the Last Glacial Maximum to the present is reconstructed using a multidisciplinary approach, combining seismic and sedimentary facies, and supported by radiocarbon data and geochemical proxies to distinguish the elements of sedimentary architecture within the ria infill. The main objectives are: (i) to analyse the ria environment as a type of incised valley to evaluate the response of the system to the different drivers; (ii) to investigate the major controlling factors; and (iii) to explore the differentiation between rias and estuaries. As a consequence of the sea‐level rise subsequent to the Last Glacial Maximum (ca 20 kyr bp), an extensive basin, drained by a braided palaeoriver, evolved into a tide‐dominated estuary and finally into a ria environment. Late Pleistocene and Holocene high‐frequency sea‐level variations were major factors that modulated the type of depositional environments and their evolution. Another major modulating factor was the antecedent morphology of the ria, with a rock‐incised narrow channel in the middle of the basin (the Ferrol Strait), which influenced the evolution of the ria as it became flooded during Holocene transgression. The strait acted as a rock‐bounded ‘tidal inlet’ enhancing the tidal erosion and deposition at both ends, i.e. with an ebb‐tidal delta in the outer sector and tidal sandbanks in the inner sector. The final step in the evolution of the incised valley into the modern‐defined ria system was driven by the last relative sea‐level rise (after 4 kyr bp) when the river mouths retreated landward and a single palaeoriver was converted into minor rivers and streams with scattered mouths in an extensive coastal area.
An intersectional approach to understanding how race and social class affect intergroup processes
Authors: Moore‐Berg Samantha L. , Karpinski Andrew 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMuch of the current psychological literature investigates single category dimensions (i.e., race or social class), with little focus on the intersection of multiple social category dimensions. Yet some evidence suggests that the intersection of race and social class information influences (a) stereotype expression, (b) categorization, (c) impressions, (d) prejudice, and (e) discrimination, revealing common links between Blackness and low social class and Whiteness and high social class in at least the United States. The present article reviews evidence for considering both target race and social class as intersecting social categories that simultaneously influence intergroup processes. This analysis suggests that a more comprehensive understanding of intergroup processes can be achieved when considering the intersection of race and social class information. This review also provides a series of future directions to advance intergroup processes research.
Hemin impairs resolution of inflammation via microRNA‐144‐3p‐dependent downregulation of ALX/FPR2
Authors: Sun Guixiang , Lu Yao , Zhao Lu , Xia Wenjun , Zhang Han , Wang Linfeng , Zhang Linjing , Wen Aiqing 
Published: November 2018

BACKGROUNDThe pathomechanisms of complications due to blood transfusion are not fully understood. Elevated levels of heme derived from stored RBCs are thought to be associated with transfusion reactions, especially inflammatory responses. Recently, the proinflammatory effect of heme has been widely studied. However, it is still unknown whether heme can influence the resolution of inflammation, a key step of inflammatory response.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSA murine model of self‐limited peritonitis was used, and resolution was assessed by resolution indices. Western blot, quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, chemotaxis assay, luciferase reporter assay, and lentivirus infections were used to investigate possible mediating mechanisms in neutrophils.RESULTSThe administration of hemin by intraperitoneal injection significantly increased the leukocyte infiltration and prolonged the resolution interval by approximately 7 hours in mouse peritonitis. In vitro, hemin significantly downregulated ALX/FPR2 protein levels (p < 0.05), a key resolution receptor, leading to the suppression of proresolution responses triggered by the proresolution ligand resolvin D1. Subsequently, miR‐144‐3p, selected by prediction databases, was found to be significantly upregulated by hemin (p < 0.05). The inhibition of miR‐144‐3p attenuated the inhibitory effect of hemin on lipoxin A4 receptor (ALX)/formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) protein expression (p < 0.05). Luciferase reporter assay confirmed that miR‐144‐3p directly bound ALX/FPR2 3′‐UTR. MiR‐144‐3p overexpression significantly downregulated ALX/FPR2 protein levels, whereas miR‐144‐3p inhibition led to a significant increase in ALX/FPR2 (p < 0.05).CONCLUSIONOur results suggest that hemin prolongs resolution in self‐limited inflammation, and this action is associated with downregulation of ALX/FPR2 mediated by hemin‐induced miR‐144‐3p. These findings demonstrate a novel mechanism of hemin derived from stored RBCs for inflammatory response.
The impact of Babesia microti blood donation screening
Authors: Tonnetti Laura , Townsend Rebecca L. , Deisting Barbara M. , Haynes James M. , Dodd Roger Y. , Stramer Susan L. 
Published: November 2018

BACKGROUND
Babesia microti, an intraerythrocytic parasite endemic in the Northeast and upper Midwest United States, is responsible for over 200 reported cases of transfusion‐transmitted babesiosis (TTB). The American Red Cross has prospectively screened donations in endemic areas for B. microti since 2012.METHODSBlood donation samples from Massachusetts, Connecticut, Minnesota, and Wisconsin were tested by arrayed fluorescence immunoassay and real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Donors with reactive results by any test were deferred and invited to participate in a follow‐up study.RESULTSScreening of 506,540 donations (June 2012–May 2018) yielded 1299 reactives, 177 of which were DNA and antibody positive and 25 DNA positive only. During the same time, 23 unscreened RBC units collected in Connecticut and Massachusetts were involved in TTB cases, making the risk of transmitting the infection from an unscreened donation in these two states 15.6‐times greater than from a Babesia‐negative unit. B. microti screening in Connecticut and Massachusetts has been associated with a reduction in TTB cases; none reported from blood donors residing in Connecticut since 2016. The positive donor rate has also decreased in Connecticut from 0.67% in 2013 to 0.23% in 2017. Ongoing follow‐up testing has shown that only 10% of antibody‐positive donors serorevert within 1 year, while 94% of polymerase chain reacton–positive donors become negative within 12 months.CONCLUSIONSBlood donation screening for B. microti in endemic areas effectively mitigates TTB risk. Screening should be considered for all areas demonstrating ongoing risk defined as clinical cases or positive blood donors including those associated with TTB cases.