bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Building common ground in a wildly webbed world: a pattern language approach
Authors: Thomas John Charles 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to help bridge the digital divide that arises from people having such different viewpoints that little communication is possible, even though all have access to the internet and speak the same language.

Design/methodology/approach
The method is to catalog the best practices in collaboration and cooperation in the form of a pattern language. After describing pattern languages, some examples are given.

Findings
People have been trying to cooperate in many cultures over many centuries, and there are many the best practices that can be useful to find a common ground.

Research limitations/implications
The patterns suggested do not easily allow empirical and objective A/B testing.

Practical implications
Any pattern or guideline will be applied by most people in most contexts. There will always be practical limitations in the appropriate scope of application.

Social implications
A more widespread use of the patterns should help heal the divisiveness in society.

Originality/value
While pattern languages have been used in many fields, this is the first attempt to do so in fostering civil engagement.
Trade credit, SMEs and short-run survivorship: what we know and what we would like to know
Authors: Del Gaudio Belinda Laura , Porzio Claudio , Verdoliva Vincenzo 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to draw the state of the art on the trade credit, one of the most alternative form of firm financing, especially for small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).Design/methodology/approachThe present study first reviews the theoretical papers focusing on the raison d’être of trade credit financing. Then the study identifies the empirical research studies in SMEs’ context and summarizes them on the basis of the following drivers: the country and the period analysed, the methodology used, the main findings and the presence of a shock in time span.FindingsFindings reveal a discrepancy of results, especially in testing Meltzer’s hypothesis of substitution effects among trade and bank credit. The heterogeneity of results should be driven by lending infrastructure of the country analysed and the presence or not of a shock in time span considered. Financial constraints can reconcile the discrepancy of results. Then, most of the studies analysed are based on the assumption that trade credit is more expensive than bank credit.Originality/valueThis paper provides valuable conclusion on past and present studies on trade credit. First is providing a rule of the thumb in the reading of empirical evidences. Also researchers and academicians should deal with consideration regarding the cost of trade credit that still appears as a black box. This is an important issue in corporate finance, as it influences the financial decision of firms and it will be useful for conducting a deeper comparison on the alternative cost of firm financing.
Kettle test efficacy in predicting cognitive and functional outcomes in geriatric rehabilitation
Authors: Harper Kristie J. , Llewellyn Karleen , Jacques Angela , Ingram Katharine , Pearson Sara , Barton Annette 
Published: October 2018

Background/aimLimited research has been available to support the use of the Kettle Test in a subacute rehabilitation setting with patients diagnosed with a variety of medical conditions. The Kettle Test is an occupation based performance measure designed to detect cognitive processes and function. The aim of this research was to measure the correlation between three cognitive tests, the Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE), Cognitive Functional Independence Measure (Cognitive FIM) and the Kettle Test. Secondly, to assess the efficacy of these tests in predicting functional outcomes via the motor subscale of the Functional Independence Measure (mFIM).MethodsA prospective single‐centre cohort study in a subacute rehabilitation setting of 97 patients.ResultsCorrelation coefficients between the tests were statistically significant and moderately strong, with values ranging from 0.593 to −0.589. Significant positive correlations were seen between admission MMSE, Cognitive FIM and the mFIM and significant negative correlations between Kettle Test scores and the mFIM. The Kettle Test score had a stronger relationship with mFIM (r = −0.40; P < 0.01) compared to the Cognitive FIM (r = 0.33; P < 0.01) and MMSE (r = 0.26; P < 0.05). The Kettle Test variance is significantly associated with the MMSE and Cognitive FIM at admission and discharge measures. Modelling identified that age and gender significantly contribute to this relationship. When adjusted for age and gender the MMSE and Cognitive FIM both explained the 47% of the variance at discharge.ConclusionThere were statistically significant inter‐test correlations between the MMSE, Cognitive FIM and Kettle Test. The Kettle Test had the strongest relationship to patient functional outcomes.
The Impact of Medicaid Enrollment on Veterans Health Administration Enrollees' Behavioral Health Services Use
Authors: Vanneman Megan E. , Phibbs Ciaran S. , Dally Sharon K. , Trivedi Amal N. , Yoon Jean 
Published: October 2018

ObjectiveTo examine Veterans Health Administration (VA) enrollees' use of VA services for treatment of behavioral health conditions (BHCs) after gaining Medicaid, and if VA reliance varies by complexity of BHCs.Data Sources/Study SettingVA and Medicaid Analytic eXtract utilization data from 31 states, 2006‐2010.Study DesignA retrospective, longitudinal study of Veterans enrolled in VA care in the year before and year after enrollment in Medicaid among 7,249 nonelderly Veterans with serious mental illness (SMI), substance use disorder (SUD), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, or other BHCs.Data Collection/Extraction MethodsUtilization and VA reliance (proportion of care received at VA) for BH outpatient and inpatient services in unadjusted and adjusted analyses.Principal FindingsIn adjusted analyses, we found that overall Veterans did not significantly change their use of VA outpatient BH services after Medicaid enrollment. In beta‐binomial models predicting VA BH outpatient reliance, veterans with SMI (IRR = 1.38, p < .05), PTSD (IRR = 1.62, p < .01), and depression (IRR = 1.36, p < .05) had higher reliance than veterans with other BHCs after Medicaid enrollment.ConclusionsWhile veterans did not change the amount of VA outpatient BH services they used after enrolling in Medicaid, the proportion of care they received through VA or Medicaid varied by BHC.
The Impact of Healthcare‐Associated Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections on Postdischarge Health Care Costs and Utilization across Multiple Health Care Systems
Authors: Nelson Richard E. , Jones Makoto , Liu Chuan‐Fen , Samore Matthew H. , Evans Martin E. , Stevens Vanessa W. , Reese Thomas , Rubin Michael A. 
Published: October 2018

ObjectiveTo measure how much of the postdischarge cost and utilization attributable to methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) health care‐associated infections (HAIs) occur within the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) system and how much occurs outside.Data Sources/Study SettingHealth care encounters from 3 different settings and payment models: (1) within the VA; (2) outside the VA but paid for by the VA (purchased care); and (3) outside the VA and paid for by Medicare.Study DesignHistorical cohort study using data from admissions to VA hospitals between 2007 and 2012.MethodsWe assessed the impact of a positive MRSA test result on costs and utilization during the 365 days following discharge using inverse probability of treatment weights to balance covariates.Principal FindingsAmong a cohort of 152,687 hospitalized Veterans, a positive MRSA test result was associated with an overall increase of 6.6 (95 percent CI: 5.7–7.5) inpatient days and $9,237 (95 percent CI: $8,211–$10,262) during the postdischarge period. VA inpatient admissions, Medicare reimbursements, and purchased care payments accounted for 60.6 percent, 22.5 percent, and 16.9 percent of these inpatient costs.ConclusionsWhile most of the excess postdischarge health care costs associated with MRSA HAIs occurred in the VA, non‐VA costs make up an important subset of the overall burden.
Immigration, Capital Flows and Housing Prices
Authors: Pavlov Andrey , Somerville Tsur 
Published: October 2018

AbstractResearch on immigration and real estate has found that immigrants lower house prices in immigrant destination neighborhoods. In this article, we find that this latter result is not globally true. Rather, we show that immigrants can raise neighborhood house prices, at least in the case of the wealthy immigrants that we study. We exploit a surprise suspension and subsequent closure of a popular investor immigration program in Canada to use a difference‐in‐differences methodology comparing wealthy immigrant destination census tracts to nondestination tracts. We find that the unexpected suspension of the program had a negative impact on house prices of 1.7–2.6% in the neighborhoods and market segments most favored by the investor immigrants. This leads to an approximate lower bound on the effect of capital inflows of 5%.
Imperial mimesis:
Authors: STONE NOMI 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTAfter 9/11, the US military made a “cultural turn”—a call to understand the culture of the adversary. Under this protocol, cadets in training camps around the United States have rehearsed embodied empathetic connections with Middle Eastern role‐players by miming their interlocutors. In this imperial mimesis, the trainee tries to make the distant proximate by enacting an image of the Other (through gesture, posture, etc.) in order to gain power over those whom they mime (“locals” and, ultimately, potential terrorists). This mimetic labor is charged with anxiety and risk as soldiers negotiate and police the boundaries of alterity to prevent moments of overflow. Amid the seductive tug of mimesis, the trainee is ultimately asked to empathetically “become Other” in order to contain that Other. [mimesis, empathy, empire, militarism, military training, war on terror, human terrain, United States]
Impact of antioxidant treatment on DNA fragmentation index: a double‐blind placebo‐controlled randomized trial
Authors: Stenqvist A. , Oleszczuk K. , Leijonhufvud I. , Giwercman A. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundPrevious reports on effect of antioxidants on sperm DNA integrity were equivocal, and there is a lack of randomized, placebo‐controlled studies.ObjectivesTo evaluate the efficacy of combined antioxidant treatment in subfertile men with normal reproductive hormone levels and high sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI).Materials and methodsThis placebo‐controlled, double‐blind, randomized study evaluated the effects of combined antioxidant treatment in 77 men from infertile couples, with normal testosterone, LH and FSH levels and DFI ≥25%. All participants were randomly assigned to receive combined antioxidant treatment (vitamins, antioxidants and oligoelements) or placebo for six months. The primary outcome measured was DFI. Secondary outcomes were standard semen parameters. DFI and other semen parameters were, at each time point (pre‐treatment, and after three and six months of treatment), compared between the treatment and the placebo group using Mann–Whitney U‐test.ResultsAntioxidant group had higher sperm concentration after three months of treatment (median: 24.4 × 106/mL vs. 27.2 × 106/mL; P = 0.028) and borderline statistically significant higher concentration after six months of treatment (median: 24.4 × 106/mL vs. 33.3 × 106/mL; P = 0.053) compared to pre‐treatment values. The DFI did not change during the 6 months of antioxidant therapy. No statistically significant difference between the antioxidant and placebo group was seen for any of the semen parameters including sperm DFI at any of the three time points.DiscussionThe increase in sperm concentration was more pronounced in the antioxidant treated group but not statistically significantly higher than among controls, perhaps due to insufficient statistical power. Previous studies have shown positive effect of antioxidant treatment on DFI and other semen parameters. However, our findings indicate that men with normal reproductive hormone levels may not be the primary target group for such therapy.ConclusionSix months treatment with antioxidants had no effect on sperm DFI.
Dermatologische Aspekte aus der S2k‐Leitlinie zum Down‐Syndrom im Kindes‐ und Jugendalter
Authors: Fölster‐Holst Regina , Rohrer Tilman , Jung Anna‐Maria 
Published: October 2018

ZusammenfassungDas Down‐Syndrom (DS) ist mit einer Inzidenz von 1 : 700 aller Geburten nicht selten und mit diversen Erkrankungen unterschiedlicher Organsysteme assoziiert. Zu den schwerwiegenden Erkrankungen zählen Herzfehler und Leukämie. Letztere zeigt sich im Neugeborenenalter und geht nicht immer in eine klassische myeloische Leukämie über (transiente myeloproliferative Erkrankung). Dermatologisch bilden die Neugeborenen Pusteln/Vesikulopusteln, die bei DS nicht nur an typische Neugeborenenexantheme und Infektionen, sondern auch an die transiente myeloproliferative Erkrankung denken lassen sollten.Die meisten Dermatosen jedoch sind benigner Natur und umfassen im Wesentlichen Verhornungsstörungen, die sich als Xerosis, Keratosis pilaris, Lichenifikation und Ichthyosis vulgaris zeigen. Typisch, aber nicht spezifisch, ist auch die palmare Vierfingerfurche. Die Patienten neigen häufig zu Follikulitiden, die aufgrund einer Elastolyse in eine Anetodermie übergehen. Die bekannte Immundysbalance erklärt das Auftreten von Autoimmunerkrankungen, die sich an der Haut als Alopecia areata und Vitiligo manifestieren. Als typische Hautveränderungen bei DS zählen zudem Elastosis perforans serpiginosa, Syringome, Milien‐ähnliche Calcinosis cutis (Milia‐like calcinosis cutis) und Multiple eruptive Dermatofibrome.
Bienen‐ und Wespengiftallergie: Sensibilisierung und spezifische Immuntherapie
Authors: Adib‐Tezer Hanan , Bayerl Christiane 
Published: October 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Hymenopterengiftallergie ist in der Erwachsenenpopulation der häufigste Auslöser anaphylaktischer Reaktionen und bei Kindern nach den Nahrungsmitteln der zweithäufigste. Dabei spielen als Auslöser Stiche der Honigbiene (Apis) und bestimmter Faltenwespen (insbesondere Vespula vulgaris, Vespula germanica) die Hauptrolle. Sie sind, insbesondere im Erwachsenenalter, häufig mit schweren Anaphylaxien vergesellschaftet. Etablierte diagnostische Methoden inklusive der molekularen Allergiediagnostik ermöglichen eine verbesserte Treffsicherheit in der Bestimmung des Anaphylaxie‐auslösenden Insektes. Eine Doppelsensibilisierung bzw. Diskrepanzen zwischen Anamnese und Befunden können den Weg zu einer Therapieentscheidung erschweren. Mit der Hymenopterengiftimmuntherapie (HIT) steht eine sichere und effektive kausale Therapie zur Verfügung.
Improved facial affect recognition in patients with first‐episode psychosis
Authors: Bozikas Vasilios P. , Dardagani Aikaterini , Parlapani Eleni , Ntouros Evangelos , Lagoudis Athanasios , Tsotsi Stella 
Published: October 2018

AimThe present study aimed at assessing whether impaired facial affect recognition (FAR) in patients with first‐episode psychosis (FEP) would improve after a brief intervention targeting FAR specifically.MethodsThirty‐five outpatients and 38 healthy controls were administered an intervention which involved training to recognize emotional information, conveyed by changes in facial features. Using a pre‐ and post‐intervention design, two measurements of FAR were conducted using an experimental procedure with alternative sets of stimuli.ResultsWe found improved overall FAR performance in both participant groups with marked effects in recognizing anger, disgust and fear. Patients' post‐intervention performance was comparable to healthy participants' baseline performance.ConclusionsThe present improvement in facial affects recognition in FEP patients, despite only somewhat impaired, emphasizes the importance of early targeted interventions for FAR in psychosis. Further research is needed to assess whether this improvement will generalize to global social functioning.
Does intention involve belief?
Authors: Kietzmann Christian 
Published: October 2018

AbstractCognitivists think that intention necessarily involves belief; noncognitivists deny this claim. I argue that both sides of the debate have so far overlooked that the beliefs involved in intention are first‐personal beliefs and therefore relevantly different from ordinary beliefs that stand in need of justification through evidence. This move substantially changes the cognitivist thesis, and in such a way that the noncognitivist objections can be avoided. In Section 2, I lay out the intuitions behind cognitivism and the arguments against it that motivate noncognitivist positions. Section 3 discusses and dismisses Velleman's cognitivist response to these arguments. In Section 4, I introduce the distinction between “ordinary” and “first‐personal beliefs.” In Section 5, I argue that intention invariably involves a first‐personal belief that one will do what one intends to do. Finally, in Section 6, I return to the noncognitivist objections and show how my proposal answers them.
Urbanization erodes niche segregation in Darwin's finches
Authors: De León Luis F. , Sharpe Diana M. T. , Gotanda Kiyoko M. , Raeymaekers Joost A. M. , Chaves Jaime A. , Hendry Andrew P. , Podos Jeffrey 
Published: October 2018

AbstractUrbanization is influencing patterns of biological evolution in ways that are only beginning to be explored. One potential effect of urbanization is in modifying ecological resource distributions that underlie niche differences and that thus promote and maintain species diversification. Few studies have assessed such modifications, or their potential evolutionary consequences, in the context of ongoing adaptive radiation. We study this effect in Darwin's finches on the Galápagos Islands, by quantifying feeding preferences and diet niche partitioning across sites with different degrees of urbanization. We found higher finch density in urban sites and that feeding preferences and diets at urban sites skew heavily toward human food items. Furthermore, we show that finches at urban sites appear to be accustomed to the presence of people, compared with birds at sites with few people. In addition, we found that human behavior via the tendency to feed birds at non‐urban but tourist sites is likely an important driver of finch preferences for human foods. Site differences in diet and feeding behavior have resulted in larger niche breadth within finch species and wider niche overlap between species at the urban sites. Both factors effectively minimize niche differences that would otherwise facilitate interspecies coexistence. These findings suggest that both human behavior and ongoing urbanization in Galápagos are starting to erode ecological differences that promote and maintain adaptive radiation in Darwin's finches. Smoothing of adaptive landscapes underlying diversification represents a potentially important yet underappreciated consequence of urbanization. Overall, our findings accentuate the fragility of the initial stages of adaptive radiation in Darwin's finches and raise concerns about the fate of the Galápagos ecosystems in the face of increasing urbanization.
A comprehensive search for expert classification methods in disease diagnosis and prediction
Authors: Jha Sunil Kr. , Pan Zhaoqing , Elahi Ehsan , Patel Nilesh 
Published: October 2018

AbstractHealthcare data analysis is currently a challenging and crucial research issue for the development of a robust disease diagnosis and prediction system. Many specific and a few common methods have been discussed in the literature for healthcare data classification. The present study implements 32 classification methods of six categories (Bayes, function‐based, lazy, meta, rule‐based, and tree‐based) with the objective of searching the best and common categories and methods in healthcare data mining. The performance of each classification method has been evaluated based on analysis time, classification accuracy, precision, recall, F‐measure, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, root mean square error, kappa coefficient, Kulczynski's measure, and Fowlkes–Mallows index and compared with more than 90 classification methods used in past studies. Seventeen healthcare datasets related to thyroid, cancer, skin disease, heart disease, hepatitis, lymphography, audiology, diabetes, surgery, arrhythmia, postsurvival, liver, and tumour have been used in the performance assessment of the classification methods. The tree‐based classification methods have a better performance (with an average classification accuracy of 79.92% and maximum accuracy of 99.50%; an analysis time of 3.91 s for the logistic model tree classifier) than the other methods. Furthermore, the association of datasets and classification methods has been discussed.
Individual, Family, and Community Predictors of PTSD Symptoms Following Military Deployment
Authors: Olson Jonathan R. , Welsh Janet A. , Perkins Daniel F. , Ormsby LaJuana 
Published: October 2018

ObjectiveUsing an ecological resilience model, we sought to identify protective factors that buffer against the effects of stressful deployment‐related experiences on symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among active duty U.S. Air Force personnel who were married or in a committed relationship.BackgroundStressful deployment experiences are associated with PTSD symptoms among active duty military personnel. However, certain protective factors may buffer against negative effects of such experiences.MethodAnalyses for the present study were active duty military personnel who completed the 2011 Air Force Community Assessment Survey, were married or in a committed relationship, and had completed at least one deployment at the time of the survey (N = 12,166).ResultsRegression analyses indicated that stressful deployment experiences were statistically related to elevated PTSD symptoms but also that both personal and contextual factors moderated those symptoms. Furthermore, self‐efficacy, family coping, spouse/partner support, financial resources, and religious participation moderated the relation between stressful deployment experiences and PTSD symptoms.ConclusionPTSD symptoms were positively associated with stressful deployment experiences, and symptoms were less likely to occur when service members experienced support from individual, family, and community sources.ImplicationsInterventions that promote self‐efficacy and social support from multiple ecological contexts may help reduce PTSD symptoms among combat‐exposed Air Force personnel.