bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic Discovery and Risk Prediction for Type 1 Diabetes in Individuals Without High-Risk HLA-DR3/DR4 Haplotypes
Authors: McGrail Carolyn , Chiou Joshua , Elgamal Ruth , Luckett Amber M. , Oram Richard A. , Benaglio Paola , Gaulton Kyle J. 
Published: December 2024

OBJECTIVE
More than 10% of patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) do not have high-risk HLA-DR3 or -DR4 haplotypes with distinct clinical features, such as later onset and reduced insulin dependence. We aimed to identify genetic drivers of T1D in the absence of DR3/DR4 and improve prediction of T1D risk in these individuals.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We performed T1D association and fine-mapping analyses in 12,316 non-DR3/DR4 samples. Next, we performed heterogeneity tests to examine differences in T1D risk variants in individuals without versus those with DR3/DR4 haplotypes. We further assessed genome-wide differences in gene regulatory element and biological pathway enrichments between the non-DR3/DR4 and DR3/DR4 cohorts. Finally, we developed a genetic risk score (GRS) to predict T1D in individuals without DR3/DR4 and compared with an existing T1D GRS.

RESULTS
A total of 18 T1D risk variants in non-DR3/DR4 samples were identified. Risk variants at the MHC and multiple other loci genome wide had heterogeneity in effects on T1D dependent on DR3/DR4 status, and non-DR3/DR4 T1D had evidence for a greater polygenic burden. T1D-associated variants in non-DR3/DR4 were more enriched for regulatory elements and pathways involved in antigen presentation, innate immunity, and β-cells and depleted in T cells compared with DR3/DR4. A non-DR3/DR4 GRS outperformed an existing risk score GRS2 in discriminating non-DR3/DR4 T1D from no diabetes (area under the curve 0.867; P = 7.48 × 10−32) and type 2 diabetes (0.907; P = 4.94 × 10−44).

CONCLUSIONS
In total, we identified heterogeneity in T1D genetic risk dependent on high-risk HLA-DR3/DR4 haplotype, which uncovers disease mechanisms and enables more accurate prediction of T1D across the HLA background.
Geographic Information System Design for Irrigation System Performance Index Main Network
Authors: Ernanda Heru , Andriyani Idah , Nadzirah Rufiani , Indarto Indarto 
Published: December 2024

Irrigation plays an important factor in supporting agricultural land productivity to improve agricultural production. This is achieved by maintaining a sustainable irrigation system through an effective and efficient irrigation system. One method to asses is by using the Irrigation System Performance Index (IKSI). This study designs an information system for IKSI in the main network system. The assessment of IKSI follows PERMEN PU NO.32/2007, with parameters such as physical infrastructure assessment, crop productivity, supporting facilities, personnel organization, documentation, and P3A. The purpose of this system is to determine the operation and maintenance (O&M) strategies and non-physical management strategies. The Main Network SIG IKSI design includes functionalities such as (i) a data folder system, (ii) an imaging system, (iii) GIS, and (iv) an evaluator of physical and non physical irrigation systems. The results of the program in the Antirogo irrigation area show an IKSI the main network value for physical infrastructure of 85,0% and non physical strategies (crop productivity, supporting facilities, personnel organization, documentation, and P3A) of 70,0% until 80,0%. The results shows that the physical infrastructure needs to be carried out regularly and non-physical strategies need to be maintained and improved. Keywords: Association of Farmer Water Users, Geographic Information System, Irrigation System Performance Index, Irrigation, PAKSI.
Energy Analysis in the Production of Purple Sweet Potato Crackers
Authors: Putri Renny Eka , Gurning Melia Elius Putri , Ifmalinda Ifmalinda , Oktavionry P.A 
Published: December 2024

The production process of purple sweet potato (PSP) crackers involves several stages, including peeling, washing, boiling, kneading, grinding, cutting, frying, and packaging. This study aims to analyze the energy flow and production costs associated with each stage of processing sweet potatoes into crackers at the Azizah Crackers Production House in Padang City. The types of energy considered in this study included human labor, fuel gas, electricity, and raw materials (PSP, cooking oil, and supporting materials). Results showed that the total input energy for the production of PSP crackers was 784,629.95 kJ with average output energy of PSP crackers 803,880.00 kJ. The energy output of PSP crackers was 1.02 times the energy input. The cutting and frying activity required the largest input energy of 46.18% (362,310.15 kJ), while packaging activity required the smallest energy of 0.38% (2,992.33 kJ). Based on the energy type, raw materials contribute the largest energy, amounted to 85.83% (674,822.86 kJ), and the smallest type of energy was electrical energy, which was 0.74% (5,839.72 kJ). Keywords: Energy consumption. Energy flow, Production costs, Production process, PSP Crackers.
Influence of Cultism on Administration of Public Senior Secondary Schools in North Central Nigeria
Authors: Angelina Ogwuche  , Uji, Nkoyo Anyebe  
Published: December 2024

The study investigated influence of Cultism on Administration of Public Senior Secondary Schools in North Central Nigeria. Specifically, the study was guided by two objectives, and one research question was raised and answered by the study. One hypothesis was formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. The study covered the six states and Federal Capital Territory which make up North Central Nigeria. Population of the study was 6,792 administrative staff of Public Senior Secondary Schools which included Principals, Vice Principals and Dean of Studies. A sample of 378 respondents was drawn from the above population using Taro Yamane (1969) sample size determination formula. Mixed sampling technique was adapted and sampling was carried out in multi stages which included: purposive sampling, stratified proportionate random sampling and convenient sampling. A self-structured instrument titled “Cultism and Administration of Public Senior Secondary Schools Questionnaire” (CAPSSSQ) was used to collect data for the study. The instrument was validated by experts in Educational Administration and Planning, and Measurement and Evaluation in J.S.Tarka University and Benue State University Makurdi, and further tested for internal consistency through a process of reliability using Cronbach Alpha Coefficient which yielded a reliability coefficient of 0.87. Descriptive statistics; Mean and Standard Deviation; were used to answer the research questions and Chi-square (X2) goodness of fit was utilized to test the hypotheses. Findings of the study revealed that Cultism negative significant influence on Administration of Public Senior Secondary Schools in North Central Nigeria. From the findings, it was concluded that Cultism influences safety, stability and effectiveness of the learning environment and poses a challenge to effective administration of Public Senior Secondary Schools in North Central Nigeria. It was therefore recommended that government should review existing policies in order to remove bottle necks in administration of Public Senior Secondary Schools in the study area to enable school administrators to put in place pro-active measures in managing schools in crises situations.
Impact of Black Seed Oil on Male Sex Hormones and Binding Proteins in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Wistar Rats
Authors: Onahinon Christian  , Sunday Ogli  , Godwin Obochi  , Nndunno Akwaras  , Augustine Adugba  , Eru Emmanuel  , Ituen Bassey  , Adeniyi, Olasupo  , Saalu, Linus  
Published: December 2024

Background: Diabetes is a metabolic disease that has a detrimental effect on human health and patients' quality of life. The number of male patients with diabetes is increasing, and so are the infertility problems in the male population. This study aims to investigate the impact of black seed oil (BSO) on male sex hormones and binding proteins in alloxan-induced diabetic Wistar rats. Methods: Forty (40) male Wistar rats weighing 200-250g were randomly allocated into eight (8) groups of five (5) animals per group. Group 1 followed the induction of hyperglycemia, group 2 received normal saline, group 3 received 200mg/kg of metformin, group 4 received 2mg/kg of glimepiride, group 5 received 2.5ml/kg of BSO, group 6 received glimepiride and BSO, group 7 received metformin and BSO, and group 8 received BSO, glimepiride, and metformin. Results: The result shows that diabetes significantly reduced serum and testicular testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels compared to the normoglycemic-controlled group (p<0.05). BSO co-administered with glimepiride significantly increased serum and testicular testosterone levels compared to diabetic control and monotherapy of either glimepiride or black seed oil (p<0.05). There is a positive correlation between glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) with r2 = 0.561 while a negative correlation between glycosylated hemoglobin and Androgen binding protein (ABP) with r 2= 0.345. Conclusion Diabetes mellitus exerts an adverse impact on male sex hormones and sex hormone-binding proteins, consequently leading to a detrimental effect on male fertility. However, black seed oil enhances male sex hormones, albeit without normalizing them to normoglycemic levels. Furthermore, glycosylated hemoglobin levels affect both sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and androgen-binding protein (ABP).
Impact of Advertisement Informativeness and eWOM on Brand Advocacy: Self-Brand Connection as a Mediator
Authors: Shuaib Ahmed Balroo  , Dr. Mahmoud Abdelhamid Saleh  
Published: December 2024

Advancements in social media technologies have empowered consumers with instant information about anything they wish for. The implications of such power are quite profound on brands, as any word circulating on social media about them can make or break within no time. Brand advocacy can be a ray of hope for brands in helping to set some direction favorable to their image. To understand how brand advocacy works and how consumers convert into brand advocates, it is very important first to understand how relationships between brands and consumers are formed. Nothing better than the concept of self-brand connection explains how a sustainable relationship is formed between brands and consumers. However, how self-brand connection itself is formed and how it leads to brand advocacy is poorly understood in the literature. Informative advertising and electronic word of mouth are among the ways through which self-brand connection is formed. Scant attention has been given in the literature on the relationship of electronic word of mouth with self-brand connection, even if electronic word of mouth today is seen as shaping consumer decisions. More importantly, the negligible attention of scholars has gone on to establish the mediational role of self-brand connection in relationships between advertisement informativeness and, electronic word of mouth and brand advocacy. This study thus provides a two-fold contribution to the literature by not only examining the relationship of electronic word of mouth with self-brand connection alongside advertisement informativeness. But also uncovers mediation of self-brand connection in relationships of advertisement informativeness and electronic word of mouth with brand advocacy. The population for this study was car owners of all auto brands plying in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A snowball sampling method was employed, through which 338 responses from car owners were collected from two regions of Saudi Arabia. Structural equation modeling was used to test all hypotheses of the study simultaneously. Results of the study reported that both advertisement informativeness and electronic word of mouth exhibited a statistically significant positive relationship with the self-brand connection. Self-brand connection was also reported to exhibit a significant positive relationship with brand advocacy in this study. Self-brand connection is fully mediated in both relationships of advertisement informativeness and electronic word of mouth with brand advocacy. The key to converting consumers into brand advocates and sustainable enjoyment of growing market share lies in the understanding of the self-brand connection. However, to achieve a self-brand connection, both advertisement informativeness and favorable electronic word of mouth are indispensable. Future research directions and some limitations are also outlined in this study.
ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ АГРОБИОМЕРОПРИЯТИЙ НА МЕЛКОКОНТУРНОМ ВЫРАБОТАННОМ ТОРФЯНИКЕ
Authors: Анисимова Татьяна Юрьевна 
Published: December 2024

Представлены результаты исследований по эффективности применения низкозатратных агробиоприемов и технологий возделывания многолетних трав на почвах выработанного и заброшенного торфяника, проводившихся на территории Судогодского района Владимирской области в 2017-2019 гг. Объектом исследований являлся мелкоконтурный маломощный торфяник, тип залежи - низинный. Исследования проводили в соответствии с методикой проведения опытов на сенокосах и пастбищах. Сочетание применения прямого сева семян трав с внесением минеральных удобрений способствовало повышению урожайности трав, увеличению запасов подвижного фосфора и обменного калия в корнеобитаемом слое почвы, снижению риска деградации почвы выработанного торфяника.
The results of studies on the effectiveness of the use of low-cost agricultural practices and technologies for the cultivation of perennial grasses on the soils of a depleted and abandoned peat bog, carried out on the territory of the Sudogodsky district (Vladimir region) in 2017-2019, are presented. The object of research was a shallow small-contour peat bog, the type of deposit was low-land. The studies were carried out in accordance with the methodology for conducting experiments on hayfields and pastures. The combination of the use of direct sowing of grass seeds with the application of mineral fertilizers contributed to an increase in the grasses yield and the reserves of mobile phosphorus and potassium in the root layer of the soil, and a decrease in the risk of soil degradation in the developed peat bog in comparison with with options without fertilization and grass sowing.
МАСС-ФРАКТАЛЬНАЯ РАЗМЕРНОСТЬ КАК ИНСТРУМЕНТ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ГРАНУЛОМЕТРИЧЕСКОГО СОСТАВА ПОЧВООБРАЗУЮЩИХ ПОРОД И ПОЧВ
Authors: Самсонова Вера Петровна , Кротов Дмитрий Геннадьевич , Дядькина Светлана Евгеньевна 
Published: December 2024

Обрабатывались архивные материалы почвенного картирования Брянской области, проведенного в 80-тые годы. На территории Брянского ополья выделено 7 почвообразующих пород. Распределение гранулометрических фракций в них аппроксимируется массфрактальной моделью с коэффициентами детерминации 0,88-0,97, причем породам разного гранулометрического состава соответствуют разные масс-фрактальные размерности (от 2,351 у супесей до 2,813 у опоки). Для наиболее распространенных светло-серых и серых лесных почв показано, что масс-фрактальные размерности в центральной части профиля отличаются от таковых в почвообразующей породе (лессовидных суглинках).
FORMING ROCKS AND SOILS Archival materials of the soil mapping of the Bryansk region, carried out in the 80s, were processed. On the territory of the Bryansk opolye, 7 parent rocks have been identified. The distribution of particle size fractions in them is approximated by a mass fractal model with determination coefficients of 0.88-0.98. rocks of different granulometric composition correspond to different mass fractal dimensions (from 2.351 for sandy loam to 2.813 for gaize). For the most common gray forest soils, it has been shown that the mass fractal dimensions of the upper soil layer statistically differ from those in the parent rock (loesslike loams). However, additional research is needed to unambiguously determine the reasons for these differences.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ПРЕДПОСЕВНОЙ ОБРАБОТКИ ЭКЗОГЕННЫМИ АМИНОКИСЛОТАМИ В РАЗРЕЖЕННОЙ СРЕДЕ НА РОСТОВЫЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ СЕМЯН ЯРОВОЙ ПШЕНИЦЫ ( L.)
Authors: Кубарев Евгений Никитич , Роберт Антон Эрикович , Верховцева Надежда Владимировна , Аньшаков Владимир Игоревич 
Published: December 2024

Изучено влияние предпосевной обработки экзогенными аминокислотами метионином, лизином и глутаминовой кислотой в разреженной среде на ростовые характеристики семян яровой пшеницы (Triticum aestivum L.). Полученные морфометрические показатели проанализированы методами математической статистики в пакете R. При этом наибольшая прибавка в длине колеоптиле на третьи и седьмые сутки была зафиксирована при обработке семян дистиллированной водой в разреженной среде, а наибольшая прибавка в длине корня - на 7-е сутки при обработке семян метионином в разреженной среде. Установлены оптимальные показатели разрежения давления в вакуумной камере (0,45-0,30 атм.) и времени экспозиции (5 мин) при обработке семян зерновых культур.
The effect of preplant treatment with exogenous amino acids methionine, lysine and glutamic acid at pressure below atmospheric on the growth rates of seeds of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was studied. The results obtained by morphometric methods and methods of mathematical statistics in RStudio were analyzed. The largest increase in the length of the coleoptile on the 3rd and 7th days, when the seeds were treated with distilled water in a rough vacuum, and the greatest increase in the length of the root on the 7th day when the seeds were treated with methionine in a rough vacuum were recorded. The optimal pressure levels in the vacuum chamber (0.45-0.30 atm.) and exposure time (5 min) when processing grain crops were established.
ОЦЕНКА ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ПОЧВЕННЫХ АКТИНОБАКТЕРИЙ НА ТОМАТАХ В АРИДНОЙ ЗОНЕ
Authors: Григорян Лилит Норайровна , Батаева Юлия Викторовна 
Published: December 2024

Изучена эффективность применения суспензий штаммов Nocardiopsis umidischolae RCAM04882, Nocardiopsis umidischolae RCAM04883 и Streptomyces carpaticus RCAM04697, Nocardiopsis dassonvillei RCAM04698, Nocardiopsis sp. № 3, в полевом опыте на томатах Ажур F1 (Solanum lycopersicum). Установлено, что после третьей обработки максимальная инсектоакарицидная активность (100%) наблюдалась в вариантах с обработкой штаммами актинобактерий N. umidischolae RCAM04882, S. carpaticus RCAM04697 и N. umidischolae RCAM04883. Наименьшая инсектоакарицидная активность наблюдалась при обработке биопрепаратом Лепидоцид в контроле 2 (эталон) и составила 72,5%. Инсектоакарицидная активность остальных штаммов была достаточно высокой и колебалась в пределах от 89,5% до 95,5%. В вариантах с обработкой суспензией штаммов актинобактерий встречались единичные очаги вирусной инфекции, что подтверждает наличие противовирусного эффекта: суспензия штамма N. dassonvillei RCAM04698 (ВОМ - 10% и ВМТо - 8%), суспензия штамма N. sp. №3 (ВОМ - 5%), смесь 5 штаммов (ВОМ - 3%). Максимальная урожайность томатов Ажур F1 выявлена при обработках суспензией штаммов актинобактерий - N. umidischolae RCAM04882 (54,6 кг), N. umidischolae RCAM04883 (49,1 кг) и S. carpaticus RCAM04697 (51,6 кг), в сравнении с контролем 1 (без обработок) (19,8 кг) и контролем 2 (эталон) (32,2 кг). Полученные данные показали, что исследуемые штаммы актинобактерий обладают высокой биологической эффективностью на томатах открытого грунта.
The effectiveness of the use of suspensions of strains N. umidischolae RCAM04882, N. umidischolae RCAM04883 and S. carpaticus RCAM04697, Nocardiopsis dassonvillei RCAM04698, Nocardiopsis sp. № 3, in a field experiment on tomatoes Azhur F1 (Solanum lycopersicum) was studied. It was found that after the third treatment, the maximum insectoacaricidal activity (100%) was observed in variants with treatment with actinoBACTERIA strains N. umidischolae RCAM04882, S. carpaticus RCAM04697 and N. umidischolae RCAM04883. The smallest insectoacaricidal activity was observed during treatment with the biological product Lepidocide in control 2 (reference) and was 72,5%. The insectoacaricidal activity of the remaining strains was quite high and ranged from 89,5% to 95,5%. In variants with the treatment with a suspension of actinobacteria isolates, there were single foci of viral infection, which confirms the presence of an antiviral effect: the suspension of the strain N. dassonvillei RCAM04698 (СMV - 10% and TMV -8 %), strain suspension N. sp. №3 (СMV - 5%), mix of 5 strains (СMV - 3%). Studies showed that the maximum yield of tomatoes Azhur F1 was revealed when treated with a suspension of actinobacteria strains - N. umidischolae RCAM04882 (54,6 kg), N. umidischolae RCAM04883 (49,1 kg) и S. carpaticus RCAM04697 (51,6 kg), in comparison to control 1 (no treatments) (19,8 kg) and control 2 (reference) (32,2 kg). The investigated actinobacteria strains had high biological effectiveness on open ground tomatoes.
СРАВНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ СРЕДСТВ ХИМИЗАЦИИ В ПОСАДКАХ КАРТОФЕЛЯ РАННЕГО ( L.)
Authors: Замотаева Надежда Александровна 
Published: December 2024

Изучено влияние применения различных доз минеральных удобрений на урожайность и качество картофеля раннего (Solanum tuberosum L.). Анализ полученных данных показал, что увеличение дозы вносимых удобрений способствовало повышению урожайности и товарности клубней изучаемых сортов. Максимальные значения данных показателей зафиксированы в варианте N90P90K90 сорта Эволюшн. Содержание нитратов находилось в пределах нормы (менее 250 мг/кг) во всех вариантах опыта.
The effect of the use of various doses of mineral fertilizers on the yield and quality of early potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) was studied. Analysis of the data obtained showed that an increase in the dose of applied fertilizers contributed to an increase in the yield and marketability of tubers of the studied varieties. The maximum value of these indicators was recorded in the N90 P90 K90 variant of the Evolution variety. The content of nitrates was within the normal range (less than 250 mg/kg) in all variants of the experiment.