bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indigenous Products of the Indian Subcontinent Containing Cereals and Dairy: From Tradition to Commercialization
Authors: Rasane Prasad , Singhal Somya , Kaur Sawinder , Singh Jyoti , Sarma Chayanika 
Published: July 2018

Background:Traditional cereal based indigenous foods play a vital role in contributing to the livelihoods and diet of the population in the Indian subcontinent. A comprehensive account of these products and their traditional and mechanized production is however lacking. The current review aims to integrate this information in a systematic manner.Methods:The socioeconomic importance, traditional production methods, their mechanization and industrial production in India are documented. Their standards and regulations are depicted and potential research areas are identified.Results:Numerous cereal based milk products are consumed in India and are also becoming increasingly popular in the global market. These traditional products are nutritionally rich, and given proper exposure, are capable of countering global malnutrition problems. Challenges in their shelf life have now been taken care of with the help of novel technologies and these indigenous traditional products seem ready to overcome the international trade barriers.Conclusion:Extensive research on process standardization and optimization has been carried out on cereal based milk products such as kheer, dalia, Payasam and phirni in addition to their variants in the past decade. Novel products with modern technologies mimicking the traditional products have been developed to satisfy the nutritional and medical requirements and even the taste buds of the consumers. Wide scope in research applications still exists and still needs to be explored.
Simultaneous Determination of Methocarbamol and Paracetamol in the Presence of Three Related Substances by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Zheng Yanjuan , Peng Qiushi , Dong Rui , Chen Tingyu , Bao Yi , Peng Qianrong , Yang Min 
Published: July 2018

Introduction:A rapid, and accurate Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) method was developed to simultaneously analyze Methocarbamol, Paracetamol and the related substancesMaterials and Methods:Waters ACQUITY UPLC® BEH Phenyl C18 column was used in conjunction with UV detection at 225nm. Gradient elution with 0.05M, pH 6 phosphate buffer and acetonitrile flow at 0.3mL /min rate were used to separate the substances. The retention times for 4-Aminopheno, Paracetamol, Guaifenesin, Methocarbamol, and 4-Chloroacetanilide were 1.319 minute, 2.224 minute, 4.467 minute, 4.769 minute and 5.433 minute respectively. The concentration was linear in the range of 2-100 µg/ml for Methocarbamol, and 1-100 µg/mL for Paracetamol. The percentage recoveries were between 99.28±1.23% to 100.57±0.99% for Methocarbamol, and between 99.08±1.23% to 101.23±1.39% for Paracetamol.Results and Discussion:The validated optimal protocol is robust and accurate for simultaneous analysis of Methocarbamol, Paracetamol and the related substances, applicable for bulk powder as well as pharmaceutical formulation.Conclusion:In this paper, a highly sensitive, accurate, and precise UPLC method with UV-Vis detection was developed and validated for quality control of MET and PAR in bulk as well as in pharmaceutical preparations.
ÇÖZÜM ODAKLI KISA SÜRELİ TERAPİYE KISA BİR BAKIŞ
Authors: Arslan Ümüt , Gümüşçağlayan Gözde 
Published: July 2018

Çözüm
Odaklı Kısa Süreli Terapi (ÇOKST) 1980’li yıllarda De Shazer, Berg ve
arkadaşlarının uzun çalışmaları sonucunda Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde ortaya
çıkmıştır. Tüme varım şeklinde ortaya
çıkan ÇOKST, psikolojik danışma alanında başarılı olarak kendine yer
edinmiştir. ÇOKST yapılandırmacı ve post-modern bir psikoterapi yaklaşımıdır. Danışanın
kendi gücüne ve danışanla danışman arasındaki terapötik işbirliğine vurgu yapmaktadır.
Probleme odaklanmadan danışanın amacına yönelik çözüm inşa etme süreçleriyle
ilgilenmektedir ve bunlar bir konsept içinde geliştirilen çözüm odaklı sorular
ile uygulanmaktadır. Probleme odaklanan danışma yaklaşımlarının ağırlıklı
olduğu eğitim programlarından mezun olan psikolog ve psikolojik danışmanlar için
ÇOKST’nin özümsenmesi zor olabilmektedir; bu yüzden psikolojik danışma
uygulamalarında, problem odaklı yaklaşımların felsefesiyle ÇOKST sorularının
kullanması en yaygın karşılaştığımız problemlerden birisidir. Bu kapsamda, bu
makalenin amacı ÇOKST’nin tarihsel ve felsefi duruşuna atıf yaparak felsefesini,
temel prensiplerini, danışma sürecinde yer alan temel soruları (örneğin: mucize,
derecelendirme, istisna, baş etme) ve uygulamada dikkat edilmesi gereken
noktaları danışmanlara, danışman adaylarına ve danışmanlık alanında eğitim
veren öğretim üyelerine açıklamaktır.
Kinetika Reaksi Penurunan Kafein dan Asam Klorogenat Biji Kopi Robusta melalui Pengukusan Sistem Tertutup
Authors: Kuncoro Sapto , Sutiarso Lilik , Karyadi Joko Nugroho Wahyu , Masithoh Rudiati Evi 
Published: July 2018

This study was aimed to examine the correlation between temperature and duration of steaming on caffeine and chlorogenic acid reduction as well as to determine energy activation (Ea) according to Arrhenius equation. About 750 g of Robusta coffee was steamed by autoclaving at 100, 110, 120 °C for 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 hours. The study was conducted in 3 replications. Analyses of caffeine and chlorogenic acid were performed using HPLC. Steaming coffee beans at 100, 110 and 120 °C resulted in the highest decrease of caffeine and chlorogenic acids content for 7 hours by 13%, 18% and 25% for caffeine; and by 37%, 50% and 59% for chlorogenic acids. At all temperatures investigated, decaffeination and chlorogenic acid reduction followed first order reaction. The decaffeination equation at 100 °C, 110 °C and 120 °C followed equation of y = -0.019x + 0.862, y = -0.023x + 0.820, and y = -0.033x + 0.759, respectively. Meanwhile, the chlorogenic acid reduction at 100 °C, 110 °C, and 120 °C followed equation of y = -0.071x + 1.421, y = -0.089x + 1.271, and y = -0.120x + 1.201. Activation energies of decaffeination and chlorogenic acid reduction were 33,543.66 kJ/mol K and 31,934.91 kJ/mol K, respectively. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji hubungan antara suhu dan lama pengukusan terhadap penurunan kandungan kafein dan asam klorogenat serta menentukan energi aktivasi (Ea) dengan pendekatan persamaan Arrhenius. Biji kopi Robusta masing-masing seberat 750 g dikukus dalam autoklaf (sistem tertutup) pada suhu 100, 110, dan 120 °C masing-masing selama 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, dan 7 jam. Penelitian dilakukan dengan 3 kali ulangan. Analisis kafein dan asam klorogenat dilakukan menggunakan HPLC. Pengukusan biji kopi pada suhu 100, 110, dan 120 °C, menghasilkan penurunan kandungan kafein dan asam klorogenat tertinggi pada pengukusan selama 7 jam. Penurunan kandungan kafein selama 7 jam pada suhu pengukusan 100, 110, dan 120 °C berturut-turut 13%, 18%, dan 25%. Kandungan asam klorogenat mengalami penurunan 37%, 50%, dan 59% berturut-turut pada suhu 100, 110, dan 120 °C. Pada semua suhu yang diuji, penurunan kafein dan asam klorogenat mengikuti reaksi orde satu. Penurunan kafein mengikuti persamaan y = -0,019x + 0,862, y = -0,023x + 0,820, dan y = -0,033x + 0,759, sedangkan untuk asam klorogenat mengikuti persamaan y = -0,071x + 1,421, y = -0,089x + 1,271, dan y = -0,120x + 1,201. Besarnya energi aktivasi penurunan kafein dan asam klorogenat berturut turut adalah 33.543,66 kJ/molK dan 31.934,91 kJ/Mok.
Study of Beef Availability Potential in Yogyakarta Special Province (DIY) through Multi Criteria Analysis (MCA) Model by Spatial Geographic Information System
Authors: Puspitaningrum Dwi Aulia , Masyhuri Masyhuri , Hartono Slamet , Jamhari Jamhari 
Published: July 2018

The increasing human population and income per capita in Indonesia have many impacts to the demand of food, not only staple food but also the secondary food too, including meat and beef demand. Based on data from Central Statistics Bureau of 1995–2016, beef demand in Indonesia has been increasing. This condition must be anticipated by preparing the supply, especially the availability of beef in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta province. In Yogyakarta city, one of the regencies of DIY, the demand rate grows by 3.2%/year, higher than the supply growth rate by 2.08 %/year. This gap needs to be thought through the case of scarcity of beef on the market. This study aimed to identify the potential of supply in five parameters i.e.: beef population, the availability of semen for artificial insemination (IB), the availability of livestock feed plants (HMT), the number of cows that enter DIY, and the number of cows that exit from DIY. A model Spatial Geographic Information Systems (SGIS) has been used in this study. The study revealed the most potential area for the development of beef agribusiness, based on the availability side, was Gunung Kidul Regency, and the less potential was Yogyakarta municipality.
DENSITOMETRIC VALIDATION OF LAPACHOL IN TECOMELLA UNDULATA SEEM BARK BY HIGH-PERFORMANCE THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY
Authors: Richa Raj , Nahida Siddiqui , Vidhu Aeri 
Published: July 2018

Objective: To develop a validated high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) method for the quantitative estimation of Lapachol in a Soxhlet extracted bark of Tecomella undulata seem (T. undulata). Methods: The bark of T. undulata was extracted with chloroform by Soxhlet apparatus. The separation was achieved on a silica-gel 60 F254 HPTLC plate using toluene-ethyl acetate–glacial acetic acid (8.5:1.5:0.02 v/v/v) as a mobile phase. Densitometric analysis of Lapachol was carried out in absorbance mode at 254 nm.Results: The proposed method was accurate for the separation and resolution between peaks of the standard and Lapachol (5.04µg) with Rf value 0.77. Calibration curves were found to be linear over the concentration range (10-130µg) for Lapachol and correlation coefficient over (R2= 0.9973), indicating an excellent correlation between peak areas and concentrations of the marker compound. The experimentally derived LOD and LOQ for Lapachol were determined to be 0.028 µg and 0.086 µg respectively and the developed HPTLC-UV method showed lower %RSD and SEM, value indicating the method to be precise, accurate and robust.Conclusion: The study concludes that HPTLC-UV validation method can be very efﬁcient and promising technique for the identiﬁcation and quantitative analysis of Lapachol from T. undulata bark. The statistical analysis of data indicates that the developed method is reproducible and specific.
Lo que dice la academia sobre los efectos de la aplicación de prácticas de Responsabilidad Social Empresaria (RSE)
Authors: Solari Estefanía 
Published: July 2018

En este trabajo se exponen veintidós investigaciones académicas que han abordado los efectos que se producen al interior de las organizaciones ante la aplicación de prácticas de Responsabilidad Social Empresaria (RSE), realizadas durante el periodo 2008-2016 en ocho países de diferentes contextos: España, México, Estados Unidos, Canadá, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador y Pakistán. En una primera parte, se presenta un breve resumen de cada investigación. Luego para dar respuesta a los objetivos propuestos, se aplicó la metodología del análisis de contenido.
Como principales resultados se pueden mencionar: 1) las variables más abordadas por los autores han sido las medidas de percepción y las contables 2) especto a las metodologías aplicadas se destacan fundamentalmente las cuantitativas: el análisis de regresión lineal, el análisis de correlación, así como el análisis de ecuaciones estructurales. Por último, se concluye que en la mayor parte de las investigaciones se verifican resultados positivos que se generan en las organizaciones ante la aplicación de prácticas de RSE, destacándose fundamentalmente una relación positiva entre RSE y rentabilidad, seguido de una relación positiva entre RSE y desempeño empresarial, así como la RSE y el éxito competitivo.
Consideraciones sobre la formalización del comportamiento organizacional
Authors: Totonelli Laura Irene 
Published: July 2018

En este ensayo, se analiza la formalización del comportamiento organizacional, desde el punto de vista de las diversas perspectivas que pueden dar aparición al proceso en el marco de la conformación de la estructura organizacional. La formalización, vinculada con la implementación de procesos predefinidos que buscan limitar la discrecionalidad de los operadores, favorece la generación de resultados estandarizados. Muchas veces mal interpretada como un exceso de burocracia, la formalización aún no ha dado todo de sí, por ello resulta interesante revisar el concepto en profundidad, advirtiendo sus numerosas facetas y dominándolas en la configuración organizacional, de manera de lograr lo mejor de su propósito y su razón de ser.
Sternotomy and ventral slot decompression for treatment of T1-2 intervertebral disk disease in a Dachshund
Authors: Cappelle Kelsey K. , Reaugh H. Fulton 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
CASE DESCRIPTION A 9-year-old 7.5-kg (16.5-lb) castrated male Dachshund was referred for emergency evaluation of pelvic limb paraplegia of < 24 hours' duration.
CLINICAL FINDINGS A spinal cord lesion between T3 and L3 was suspected given the dog's history and neurologic examination results. Computed tomography and myelography spanning T3 through L4 identified an extradural compressive lesion at the L3-4 disk space. Hemilaminectomy was performed, and disk material adhered to and compressing the spinal cord was identified. However, because the material appeared to have been present for an extended period, postoperative CT of the cervicothoracic region was performed, which revealed extrusion of disk material from the T1-2 space and marked spinal cord compression.
TREATMENT AND OUTCOME A sternotomy of the manubrium and ventral slot decompression of the T1-2 disk space were performed successfully without entering the thoracic cavity. A large amount of disk material was removed from the spinal canal. No loss of intrathoracic negative pressure was appreciated, and intraoperative complications included only mild hemorrhage. The dog maintained pelvic limb pain sensation postoperatively and regained motor function 2 days after surgery.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE Intervertebral disk disease is rare at T1-2 in Dachshunds. Typically, a dorsal approach has been used to decompress the spinal cord, but findings for this dog suggested that a ventral approach may also be appropriate. Consideration should be given to include the T1-2 disk space when performing advanced imaging in dogs because of the inconsistent ability to identify lesions at this location by means of neurologic examination.
Evaluation of various hemostatic knot configurations performed by veterinary students
Authors: Giusto Gessica , Comino Francesco , Vercelli Cristina , Caramello Vittorio , Morello Emanuela , Gandini Marco 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the most effective hemostatic knot configuration performed by veterinary students following a brief training session with an experienced surgeon and a subsequent deliberate self-training period.
DESIGN Experiment.
SAMPLE 24 fourth-year veterinary students with no previous surgical knot–tying experience.
PROCEDURES In a 1-hour training session, an experienced surgeon showed veterinary students how to perform 5 hemostatic knot configurations (giant, slip, strangle, surgeon's, and transfixing), which they then practiced at home on a hemostasis simulator for 2 weeks. Thereafter, students performed each knot 4 times (twice each with monofilament and multifilament suture) on a hemostasis simulator. An experienced surgeon evaluated the correct execution of knots and measured their effectiveness by use of a manometer to measure vessel pressure distal to the ligature. Each student completed a questionnaire regarding their perceived learning and execution difficulty and sealing security for each knot. Responses were compared among knots and suture materials.
RESULTS Overall, students considered the surgeon's knot the easiest to learn and the strangle knot the most difficult. The slipknot was also considered the easiest knot to perform, and the giant knot was considered the most difficult. The strangle knot was deemed the most effective in reducing vessel pressure distal to the ligature.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The strangle knot was the most effective hemostatic knot in inexperienced hands, although veterinary students considered it more difficult to learn than other, perhaps more commonly taught, knots. Therefore, teaching of the strangle knot should be encouraged in veterinary schools.
New record of the fish leech Piscicola pojmanskae (Annelida: Hirudinida: Piscicolidae) - DNA barcoding and phylogeny
Authors: Cichocka Joanna M. , Bielecki Aleksander , Kulikowski Marek , Jabłońska-Barna Izabela , Najda Katarzyna 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe aim of this study was to confirm the taxonomic status ofPiscicola pojmanskaeBielecki, 1994 found on Salmonidae fish. The fish leech was identified based on a diligent morphological analysis as well as COI gene sequence (DNA barcoding). The phylogenetic relationship with other piscicolid leeches was analyzed as well.Piscicola pojmanskaewas found on various fins of both graylings and the resident form of trouts. The prevalence of infection was 1.63%. In this paper, probable causes of the lack of relation between the number of leeches on the fins and the fish body length as well as the host-searching strategy used byP. pojmanskaeare discussed.
DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF ANTIGEN CAPTURE ELISA FOR THE DETECTION OF INFLUENZA VIRUS A
Authors: Aria Mahshid , Seifiabad Shapouri Masoud Reza , Roayaei Ardakani Mohammad , Motamedi Hossein , Yektaserasht Azadeh , Jaidari Amin 
Published: July 2018

The aim of the present study was to develop an Antigen Capture ELISA (AC-ELISA) for the diagnosis of avian influenza virus infections. For this purpose, the nucleoprotein (NP) of the virus was captured by a monoclonal antibody (D'C4) and then detected using a rabbit polyclonal antibody. The developed AC-ELISA did not show cross-reaction with other viral and bacterial pathogens of poultry, while it was able to detect H9 serotype of avian influenza virus as well as H1 and H3 types of human influenza viruses. The sensitivity of this AC-ELISA for the detection of an H9 avian influenza virus strain H9N2 (A/Chicken/Iran/AH-1/06) was 10 times greater than a hemagglutination assay and was comparable with the sensitivity of the RT-PCR method. Furthermore, this method could recognize the influenza virus in tracheal swabs of experimentally infected chickens following 3-5 days post-infection. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that the developed AC-ELISA is able to detect H9, H1, and H3 influenza virus serotypes and is sufficiently sensitive and specific for the detection of infections caused by H9 serotype but, its applicability, sensitivity, and specificity for the detection of other serotypes of the virus remain to be determined.Key words: influenza virus A; nucleoprotein; monoclonal antibody; antigen capture ELISA RAZVOJ IN PREIZKUS NOVE METODE ELISA Z UJETJEM PROTITELES ZA ODKRIVANJE VIRUSA INFLUENCE ANamen raziskave je bil razvoj nove metode elisa z ujetjem protiteles za lažje diagnosticiranje okužbe z virusom ptičje influence. Nukleoprotein (NP) virusa smo najprej vezali z monoklonskimi protitelesi D’C4 in nato kompleks nukleoproteina in monoklonskega protitelesa označili s kunčjimi poliklonskimi protitelesi. Ta metoda ni kazala nobene navzkrižne (napačne) reakcije z drugimi virusi ali bakterijami ptičjega porekla, z njo pa smo lahko zaznali prisotnost virusa ptičje influence serotipa H9, pa tudi viruse človeške influence seroptipov H1 in H3. Občutljivost te metode za določanje linije H9N2 (A/Chicken/Iran/AH-1/106) virusa H9 je bila desetkrat višja v primerjavi z metodo hemaglutinacije in je bila primerljiva z občutljivostjo metode RT PCR. Z njo smo virus lahko določili v sapničnih izpirkih že 3 do 5 dni po okužbi poskusno okuženih piščancev. Iz pridobljenih rezultatov sklepamo, da nanovo razvita metoda elisa z ujetjem protiteles lahko zazna serotype H9, H1 in H3 virusa influence pri piščancih in ljudeh. Dokazali smo, da je metoda zanesljiva in zelo občutljiva za zaznavanje okužb s serotipom H9, uporabnost te nove metode za zaznavanje okužb z drugimi serotipi virusov influence pa bomo morali še dokazati.Ključne besede: influenca virus A; nulleoprotein; monoklonska protitelesa; elisa z ujetjem protiteles
Indonesia Constitutional Court Constitutional Interpretation Methodology (2003-2008)
Authors: Siregar Fritz Edwadr 
Published: July 2018

Nine Indonesian Constitutional Justices have the authority to annul a law drafted by 550 Parliament members and the President. The Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia (“the Court”), particularly in deciding cases of judicial review, has the capability to declare words, sentences, paragraphs, articles or the law unconstitutional. Consequently, it is essential for the Court to take into account legal arguments. The fundamental element of these legal arguments is constitutional interpretation, which serves as a parameter in determining constitutionality of the laws. However, in exercising its authority, the Court needs to interpret the Constitution as a basis for deciding a case. The standards for determining the constitutionality of a law must be the text of the Constitution, not what the judges would prefer the Constitution to mean. Constitutional supremacy necessarily assumes that a superior rule is what the Constitution says it is, not what the judges prefer it to be. [Craig R. Ducat: E3]. The Court period 2003–2008 were the Court’s the formative years, and as such are important to understand the methodology and interpretative approaches adopted by the Court. Many observers of the Court’s early decisions are still unsure of the overarching approach and methodology adopted by the Court. Thus, there is a need for a close analysis and criticism of the Court’s early decisions to determine which methods and approaches it has adopted and whether these are appropriate in the Indonesian context. The Court has openly referred to the experiences of foreign jurisdiction in constitutional law, and therefore it would be appropriate to analyze the court’s decisions in a broader comparative context of constitutional interpretative approaches from around the world.