bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychological Work Environment and Suicidal Ideation Among Nurses in Taiwan
Authors: Chin Wei‐Shan , Chen Yi‐Chuan , Ho Jiune‐Jye , Cheng Nai‐Yun , Wu Hsueh‐Ching , Shiao Judith S. C. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPurposeNurses are exposed to a poor psychological work environment; this may cause poor mental health, which is a risk factor for suicidal ideation. We investigated the association between psychological work environment and suicidal ideation among hospital nurses in Taiwan.DesignWe conducted a cross‐sectional survey in Taiwan female nurses using stratified sampling by region (north, central, south, and east) to select representative centers for this study.MethodsA self‐report questionnaire including items on demographic data, the psychological work environment, and suicidal ideation was sent to nurses working in hospitals. Multiple logistic regression and population attributable risk analyses were performed to assess the effect of the psychological work environment on suicidal ideation.FindingsA total of 2,734 eligible questionnaires (76.8%) were returned. The prevalence of suicidal ideation was 18.3%, and higher risk was found to be associated with the educational level of junior college or below, higher personal burnout, higher client‐related burnout, and always feeling stressed at work. Estimation of population attributable risk showed that higher personal burnout, client‐related burnout, and always feeling stressed at work were the most crucial factors among nurses, accounting for 19.4%, 8.6%, and 10.5% of suicidal ideation, respectively.ConclusionsA considerable proportion of nurses developed suicidal ideation. A poor psychological work environment was a relevant factor for suicidal ideation.Clinical EvidenceThis study provides relevant knowledge for nursing management levels in preventing the development of suicidal ideation among nurses. Not only for nurses’ mental health, but for patient safety and care quality, further studies in improving nurses’ psychological work environment are warranted.
Implementation Quality: Implications for Intervention and Translational Science
Authors: Norris Anne E. , Matsuda Yui , Altares Sarik Danielle , Pettigrew Jonathan 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPurposeImplementation quality (IQ), a critical concept for translational science, measures the discrepancy between an intervention's intended design and its implementation. Quantifying the impact of IQ on intervention outcomes informs efforts to improve intervention translatability. The purpose of this article is to define and describe IQ and its dimensions (content adherence, quality of delivery, and engagement) with a focus on individualized interventions being delivered in research and practice settings.ApproachWe apply IQ concepts from intervention science in two contexts: (a) an intervention currently being investigated in an efficacy trial, and (b) a practice situation involving the application of evidence‐based practice guidelines during clinic visits. IQ measurement approaches are presented using a study protocol, progress notes, interdisciplinary meeting notes, or clinical guidelines, depending upon whether the intervention is delivered during a research study or a clinical encounter.ConclusionsThe investigators describe the necessary infrastructure and support for capturing IQ data and the subsequent complexities and challenges of collecting, measuring, and analyzing these data. Understanding IQ is critical to advancing translational science. Such understanding informs application of appropriate IQ measures, and promotes effective translation of evidence‐based interventions into practice. Policy changes are needed to promote IQ assessment to ensure high‐quality clinical encounters during which interventions are effectively delivered.Clinical RelevanceIn both research and practice settings, the conceptualization and measurement of IQ will improve patient outcomes by advancing translational science and integrating evidence‐based interventions into nursing practice.
Displacement of mandibular dentition during total arch distalization according to locations and types of TSADs: 3D Finite element analysis
Authors: Kim Yu B. , Bayome Mohamed , Park Jae H. , Lim Hee J. , Mo Sung‐Seo , Lee Nam K. , Kook Yoon‐Ah 
Published: November 2018

Structured AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the biomechanical effects of temporary skeletal anchorage devices (TSADs) on the mandibular dentition and mandible during total arch distalization according to locations and types of the TSADs using finite element (FE) analysis.Setting and Sample PopulationA model of the mandible and teeth was used to build an FE analysis model.Materials and MethodsFour FE models were constructed: Ramal plate (Type A), Sugawara plate (Type B), buccal shelf miniscrew (Type C) and interradicular miniscrew (Type D). A retraction force of 300 g per side was applied to the mandibular archwire.ResultsIn the sagittal plane, the plates Type A and B showed more distal displacement than the miniscrew Types C and D, especially in the posterior teeth. Type A presented the greatest amount of distal displacement, followed by Types B, C and D. Type A was closest to the line of occlusion, which showed the lowest degree of buccolingual angulations of the molar crowns. Vertically, Type A showed a greater amount of extrusive displacement of the posterior teeth than the other types of TSADs, while Type B showed intrusive displacement of the molars.ConclusionsThe ramal plate showed a greater amount of distal and extrusive displacement of the posterior teeth than the miniscrews. Therefore, clinicians should consider the displacement of mandibular dentition during total arch distalization according to types of the TSADs.
Hydrogen Peroxide Enhances the Antibacterial Effect of Methylene Blue‐based Photodynamic Therapy on Biofilm‐forming Bacteria
Authors: Yang Seung Mok , Lee Dong Won , Park Hye Ji , Kwak Moon Hwa , Park Jae Myung , Choi Myung‐Gyu 
Published: November 2018

AbstractRecently, increased attention has been focused on endoscopic disinfection after outbreaks of drug‐resistant infections associated with gastrointestinal endoscopy. The aims of this study were to investigate the bactericidal efficacy of methylene blue (MB)‐based photodynamic therapy (PDT) on Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), which is the major cause of drug‐resistant postendoscopy outbreak, and to assess the synergistic effects of hydrogen peroxide addition to MB‐based PDT on biofilms. In planktonic state of P. aeruginosa, the maximum decrease was 3 log10 and 5.5 log10 at 20 and 30 J cm−2, respectively, following MB‐based PDT. However, the maximum reduction of colony forming unit (CFU) was decreased by 2.5 log10 and 3 log10 irradiation on biofilms. The biofilm formation was significantly inhibited upon irradiation with MB‐based PDT. When the biofilm state of P. aeruginosa was treated with MB‐based PDT with hydrogen peroxide, the CFU was significantly decreased by 6 log10 after 20 J cm−2, by 7 log10 after 30 J cm−2 irradiation, suggesting significantly higher efficacy than MB‐based PDT alone. The implementation of the combination of hydrogen peroxide with MB‐based PDT through working channels might be appropriate for preventing early colonization and biofilm formation in the endoscope and postendoscopy outbreak.
The International Childhood Cancer Cohort Consortium (I4C): A research platform of prospective cohorts for studying the aetiology of childhood cancers
Authors: Tikellis Gabriella , Dwyer Terence , Paltiel Ora , Phillips Gary S. , Lemeshow Stanley , Golding Jean , Northstone Kate , Boyd Andy , Olsen Sjurdur , Ghantous Akram , Herceg Zdenko , Ward Mary H. , Håberg Siri E. , Magnus Per , Olsen Jørn , Ström Marin , Mahabir Somdat , Jones Rena R. , Ponsonby Anne‐Louise , Clavel Jacqueline , Charles Marie Aline , Trevathan Edwin , Qian Zhengmin (Min) , Maule Milena M. , Qiu Xiu , Hong Yun‐Chul , Brandelise Silvia , Roman Eve , Wake Melissa , He Jian‐Rong , Linet Martha S. ,   the International Childhood Cancer Cohort Consortium
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundChildhood cancer is a rare but leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Established risk factors, accounting for <10% of incidence, have been identified primarily from case‐control studies. However, recall, selection and other potential biases impact interpretations particularly, for modest associations. A consortium of pregnancy and birth cohorts (I4C) was established to utilise prospective, pre‐diagnostic exposure assessments and biological samples.MethodsEligibility criteria, follow‐up methods and identification of paediatric cancer cases are described for cohorts currently participating or planning future participation. Also described are exposure assessments, harmonisation methods, biological samples potentially available for I4C research, the role of the I4C data and biospecimen coordinating centres and statistical approaches used in the pooled analyses.ResultsCurrently, six cohorts recruited over six decades (1950s‐2000s) contribute data on 388 120 mother‐child pairs. Nine new cohorts from seven countries are anticipated to contribute data on 627 500 additional projected mother‐child pairs within 5 years. Harmonised data currently includes over 20 “core” variables, with notable variability in mother/child characteristics within and across cohorts, reflecting in part, secular changes in pregnancy and birth characteristics over the decades.ConclusionsThe I4C is the first cohort consortium to have published findings on paediatric cancer using harmonised variables across six pregnancy/birth cohorts. Projected increases in sample size, expanding sources of exposure data (eg, linkages to environmental and administrative databases), incorporation of biological measures to clarify exposures and underlying molecular mechanisms and forthcoming joint efforts to complement case‐control studies offer the potential for breakthroughs in paediatric cancer aetiologic research.
A note on the n-stage growth model. Overview
Authors: Markov Svetoslav , Iliev Anton Iliev , Rahnev Asen , Kyurkchiev Nikolay 
Published: November 2018

In this paper we study the one-sided Hausdorff approximation of the generalized cut function by sigmoidal general n-stage growth model.В For some conditions of the reaction constants, the model has a certain right of existence insofar as the theory of sigmoidal functions is well developed.В The estimates of the value of the best Hausdorff approximation obtained in this article can be used in practice as one possible additional criterions in ''saturation'' and ''lag-time'' study. We examine the small data for modeling the growth of red abalone (Haliotis Rufescens) in Northern California.В Numerical examples are presented usingВ CAS MATHEMATICA.
Using Accelerometer/GPS Data to Validate a Neighborhood-Adapted Version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)
Authors: Frehlich Levi , Friedenreich Christine , Nettel-Aguirre Alberto , Schipperijn Jasper , McCormack Gavin R. 
Published: November 2018

Despite continued interest in neighborhood correlates of physical activity, few self-report questionnaires exist that capture neighborhood-based physical activity. Furthermore, there is little evidence about the measurement validity of self-report measures of neighborhood-based physical activity. Notably, self-reported neighborhood physical activity has not been validated against combined accelerometer and global positioning system (GPS)–assessed physical activity. Thus, the purpose of this study was to estimate the concurrent validity of a recently adapted tool for capturing self-reported neighborhood-based physical activity (i.e., the Neighborhood International Physical Activity Questionnaire; N-IPAQ). Adults (n = 75) from four Calgary (Alberta, Canada) neighborhoods wore an accelerometer and GPS monitor for 7 consecutive days after which they self-reported their physical activity from the past week using the N-IPAQ. Bland-Altman plots and Spearman correlations estimated the concurrent validity between N-IPAQ and accelerometer/GPS physical activity (estimated for the administrative boundary, 400-m and 800-m radial buffers). The mean (95% Confidence Interval [CI]) difference between the N-IPAQ and accelerometer/GPS estimated total daily minutes of physical activity differed for the 400-m (1.9 min, −26.2 to 29.9), 800-m (10.6 min, −16.0 to 37.1), and administrative boundary buffers (14.7 min, −11.5 to 41.0). The strongest Spearman correlations were found between the N-IPAQ and 800-m radial buffer accelerometer-captured vigorous-intensity physical activity (r = .41 [95% CI: .18 to .60]), and the N-IPAQ and administrative boundary accelerometer-captured vigorous-intensity physical activity (r = .43 [95% CI: .20 to .62]). Our findings suggest that the N-IPAQ provides good estimates of neighborhood-based physical activity and could be used when investigating neighborhood correlates of physical activity.
Using three indicators to understand the parity-specific contribution of adolescent childbearing to all births
Authors: Benova Lenka , Neal Sarah , Radovich Emma G , Ross David A , Siddiqi Manahil , Chandra-Mouli Venkatraman 
Published: November 2018

IntroductionA strong focus on sexual and reproductive health of female adolescents is a key to achieving sustainable development goals, due to the large size of the current cohort in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) and adolescents’ biological and social vulnerability. Several indicators of fertility among adolescents are in wide use, but the contribution of adolescent births to all births is poorly understood. We propose and calculate a package of three indicators capturing the contribution of adolescent births to all births, stratified by parity (first and second/higher).MethodsWe used Demographic and Health Survey data for 30 LMICs and vital registration for two high-income countries (to calculate levels and trends across a range of countries) for three time periods: 1990–1999, 2000–2009 and 2010–2015. The three indicators were calculated overall and by age thresholds (<16, <18  and <20  years) and exact ages, for each country and time point. Patterns of changes in indicators for the three cumulative thresholds over time are described.ResultsIn the 30 LMICs, the percentage of all live births occurring to adolescents varied across countries, with a median of 18% for adolescents <20  years. Three countries (Jordan, Indonesia and Rwanda) had levels below 10%; Bangladesh had the highest at 33%. The contribution of adolescent first-order births to all first-order births was high; a median of 49%. Even among second-order and higher-order births, the contribution of adolescent childbearing was appreciable (median of 6%). Over the period under examination, the proportion of adolescent births among all live births declined in the majority of the LMICs.ConclusionThese three indicators add to our understanding of the scale of adolescent childbearing and can be used in conjunction with population estimates to assess the absolute need for age-appropriate and parity-appropriate reproductive, maternal and newborn healthcare and to monitor progress in improving young people’s health.
Impact of smoking on patient outcomes after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair
Authors: Naimark Micah , Robbins Christopher B , Gagnier Joel J , Landfair Germanual , Carpenter James , Bedi Asheesh , Miller Bruce S 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundCigarette smoking may adversely affect rotator cuff tear pathogenesis and healing. However, the impact of cigarette smoking on outcomes after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair is relatively unknown.Patients and methodsA cohort of 126 patients who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair with minimum 2 years follow-up were retrospectively identified from our institutional database. Patient demographics, comorbidities, and cuff tear index were collected at initial presentation. Outcome measures including American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, Western Ontario Rotator Cuff (WORC) score and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pain were collected at each clinical follow-up. Mixed model regression analysis was used to determine the impact of smoking on outcomes, while controlling for tear size and demographics.ResultsIn our cohort, 14% were active or recent smokers. At baseline, smokers presented with higher pain, greater comorbidities and worse ASES scores than non-smokers. Smokers also had a non-significant trend towards presenting for surgical repair at a younger age and with larger tear sizes. Both smokers and non-smokers had statistical improvements in outcomes at 2 years following repair. Regression analysis revealed that smokers had a worse improvement in ASES but not WORC or VAS pain scores after surgery.ConclusionThe minimal clinically important difference was achieved for ASES, WORC and VAS pain in both smokers and non-smokers, suggesting both groups substantially benefit from arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Smokers tend to present with larger tears and worse initial outcome scores, and they have a lower functional improvement in response to surgery.
RecurrentMED12exon 2 mutations in benign breast fibroepithelial lesions in adolescents and young adults
Authors: Pareja Fresia , Da Cruz Paula Arnaud , Murray Melissa P , Hoang Timothy , Gularte-Mérida Rodrigo , Brown David , da Silva Edaise M , Sebastiao Ana Paula Martins , Giri Dilip D , Weigelt Britta , Reis-Filho Jorge S , Brogi Edi 
Published: November 2018

AimsMost benign breast fibroepithelial lesions (FEL) in adults harbour recurrent somaticMED12exon 2 mutations and rareTERTpromoter hotspot mutations. We sought to determine the frequency ofMED12exon 2 andTERTpromoter hotspot mutations in fibroadenomas (FA) and benign phyllodes tumours (BePT) in adolescents and young adults.MethodsDNA from 21 consecutive FAs and eight consecutive BePTs in adolescents and young adults was subjected to Sanger sequencing of the exon 2 ofMED12and theTERTpromoter hotspot locus.ResultsWe identifiedMED12exon 2 mutations in 62% and 88% of FAs and BePTs, respectively, and noTERTpromoter hotspot mutations. The majority of theMED12exon 2 mutations identified were in-frame deletions (60%).ConclusionsAs in adults, benign FELs in juvenile patients harbour recurrentMED12exon 2 mutations.
Situating requests for medical aid in dying within the broader context of end-of-life care: ethical considerations
Authors: Seller Lori , Bouthillier Marie-Ève , Fraser Veronique 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundMedical aid in dying (MAiD) was introduced in Quebec in 2015. Quebec clinical guidelines recommend that MAiD be approached as a last resort when other care options are insufficient; however, the law sets no such requirement. To date, little is known about when and how requests for MAiD are situated in the broader context of decision-making in end-of-life care; the timing of MAiD raises potential ethical issues.MethodsA retrospective chart review of all MAiD requests between December 2015 and June 2017 at two Quebec hospitals and one long-term care centre was conducted to explore the relationship between routine end-of-life care practices and the timing of MAiD requests.ResultsOf 80 patients requesting MAiD, 54% (43) received the intervention. The median number of days between the request for MAiD and the patient’s death was 6 days. The majority of palliative care consults (32%) came less than 7 days prior to the MAiD request and in another 25% of cases occurred the day of or after MAiD was requested. 35% of patients had no level of intervention form, or it was documented as 1 or 2 (prolongation of life remains a priority) at the time of the MAiD request and 19% were receiving life-prolonging interventions.InterpretationWe highlight ethical considerations relating to the timing of MAiD requests within the broader context of end-of-life care. Whether or not MAiD is conceptualised as morally distinct from other end-of-life options is likely to influence clinicians’ approach to requests for MAiD as well as the ethical importance of our findings. We suggest that in the wake of the 2015 legislation, requests for MAiD have not always appeared to come after an exploration of other options as professional practice guidelines recommend.
Impact of baseline C-reactive protein levels on the response to secukinumab in ankylosing spondylitis: 3-year pooled data from two phase III studies
Authors: Braun Jürgen , Deodhar Atul , Landewé Robert , Baraliakos Xenofon , Miceli-Richard Corinne , Sieper Joachim , Quebe-Fehling Erhard , Martin Ruvie , Porter Brian , Gandhi Kunal K , van der Heijde Désirée ,   on behalf of the MEASURE 1 and MEASURE 2 study groups
Published: November 2018

ObjectiveTo evaluate the magnitude of response to secukinumab treatment over 3 years in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) grouped by baseline C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in a pooled study of two pivotal phase III studies: MEASURE 1 (NCT01358175) and MEASURE 2 (NCT01649375).MethodsThis post hoc analysis pooled data from all patients with available baseline CRP in the two studies who received subcutaneous secukinumab 150  mg (approved dose; N=197) or placebo (N=195). Assessed efficacy endpoints included Assessments of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS)20/40, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), BASDAI50, AS Disease Activity Score inactive disease and ASAS partial remission among patients grouped by baseline CRP based on central laboratory cut-off <5  mg/L (normal) or ≥5  mg/L (elevated) and a cut-off <10  mg/L or ≥10  mg/L.ResultsAt baseline, 36.5% (143/392) patients had normal and 63.5% (249/392) had elevated CRP. At week 16, ASAS20/40 response rates were higher for secukinumab versus placebo in normal (56.9%/34.7% vs 28.2%/7.0%; p<0.01/p<0.001) and in elevated (63.2%/42.4% vs 29.0%/15.3%; both p<0.0001) CRP groups. Improvement was reported for all outcomes (p<0.05) in both groups, except for ASAS partial remission in the normal CRP group, where a numerical difference 12.5% vs 2.8%, p=0.07) was observed. Similar trends of improvement were observed in the <10  and ≥10  mg/L groups across all efficacy outcomes at week 16. Treatment responses to secukinumab in all CRP groups further improved over 156 weeks.ConclusionSecukinumab 150  mg demonstrated rapid and sustained efficacy in patients with AS irrespective of baseline CRP, with greater magnitude of response in patients with more elevated CRP.
Expression of β-catenin in human trophoblast and its role in placenta accreta and placenta previa
Authors: Han Qing , Zheng Lianghui , Liu Zhaodong , Luo Jinying , Chen Rongxin , Yan Jianying 
Published: November 2018

Objectives To investigate the expression of β-catenin in chorionic villi, and to explore its roles in placenta accreta and placenta previa. Methods We compared β-catenin expression in the control group, placenta accreta group (lesion area and normal zones), and placenta previa group (placental central and placental edge zones) by immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and RT-PCR techniques. Results Compared with the normal group, the placenta accreta group had a longer length of stay, greater bleeding volume, and lower newborn birth weight. Further, the expression of β-catenin was lower in both placenta previa and placenta accreta groups than in the control group, as measured by immunohistochemistry. Compared with the control group, expression of β-catenin was significantly lower in the placenta previa and placenta accreta groups by Western blotting and RT-PCR. Importantly, the level of placental β-catenin was significantly different when compared between the lesion and normal zones of placenta. Conclusion The expression of β-catenin in placenta accreta might play an important role in the regulation of placental cell invasion; low expression of β-catenin in placenta accreta might be responsible for excessive trophoblastic invasion.