bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE PROGRAMS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION
Authors: Zorlescu Ana Maria , Baraitareanu Stelian , Danes Doina 
Published: November 2018

INTRODUCTION: Antimicrobial resistance is one of the topical issues that is part of the “One Health” concept with implications for animal health, human health, and even environmental “health”. At the European Commission (EC) level, legislation has been issued for the monitoring of antimicrobial resistance and these rules are applicable by each Member State (MS). For the proper implementation of the above legislation, audits are carried out in Member States that have developed programs on antimicrobial resistance that go beyond the EC's requests.OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was the analysis of existing data reports, legislation and recommendations on antimicrobial resistance through which surveillance and monitoring is carried out in the European Union (EU). METHODS: The audit reports issued between 2015 and 2017 by the Food Veterinary Office (FVO), as well as the articles and studies issued by the EC through the antimicrobial resistance institutes were analysed.RESULTS: The FVO conducted audits to “evaluate the monitoring and reporting of antimicrobial resistance in zoonotic and commensal bacteria in certain food-producing animal populations and food” in 12 MS, and audits to “gather information on the prudent use of antimicrobials in animals” in 8 MS. These are countries that have very well implemented the EC's requests and included the “One Health” perspective in antimicrobial resistance programs. Some Member States have risk management strategies for reducing antimicrobial resistance for more than 20 years. They have carried out research projects on antimicrobial resistance. There is an action plan on antimicrobial resistance at the EC level, but their implementation and understanding up to the level of all actors involved in this issue varies from MS to MS. Antimicrobial resistance in the animal population is a topical issue, notoriety among the actors involved, as well as an interdisciplinary problem with indirect results. The same principle of antimicrobial resistance in animals is applicable to humans and the environment as such, this problem can be embedded in the concept of “One Health”. The overall objective of the MS is to generate knowledge and tools to “combat” antimicrobial resistance in animals, humans and even the environment.CONCLUSION: As a conclusion, in order to improve and optimize antimicrobial resistance programs, a “good practice guide” can be achieved by MS with extensive experience in this area, to be used by MS with a more precarious application and over time to harmonize antimicrobial resistance programs within the EU.
OPTIMIZATION OF DONNAN DIALYSIS FOR ALUM RECOVERY USING BOX BEHNKEN DESIGN
Authors: Asante-Sackey Dennis , Rathilal Sudesh , Tetteh Emmanuel Kweinor , Pillay Lingam 
Published: November 2018

Most potable water treatment plants use aluminium salts as coagulants. This generates a lot of treatment residue which consist of a high amount of aluminium in the residue matrix. Recovery of the alum-coagulant from the potable water treatment for reuse provides direct process and economic advantages. Donnan Dialysis is an ion exchange process that has a proven advantage in coagulant recovery. The commercial application of this process requires bench scale optimization before implementation. In this study, a response surface methodology is applied to the Donnan system. Incorporated with the Box-Behnken experimental matrix, the main and interactional effects of input variables for optimum alum recovery was determined. The Nafion 117 cation exchange membrane was used. Using experimental results, the quadratic statistical module generated was significant with a low P-value (<0.001). The statistical prediction from experimental results shows that high recoveries of 85-96% can be achieved.
MULTIVARIATE CONTROL CHARTS BASED ON DATA DEPTH FOR SUBGROUP LOCATION AND SCALE - CASE STUDY
Authors: Czabak-Górska Izabela D. 
Published: November 2018

The purpose of the article is to present a method for determining control charts, which allow to control few interrelated quality characteristics. Often, in production practice, there is a need to simultaneously control several interrelated quality characteristics. The use of univariate control charts, separately for each quality characteristics, may lead to inadequate corrective actions of a production process. In such situations, it is recommended to use multivariate control charts, for example, the T2 control chart. However, the use of this classic approach involves making complicated calculations. Therefore, the author of this paper suggests using multivariate control charts based on data depth proposed by Liu. In this paper, the author presented the idea and principles of the multivariate control chart based on data depth and then, using it to assess the statistical stability of the process in a manufacturing company, engaged in the production of window fittings.
HALOTHANE (2-BROMO-1,1,1-TRIFLUORO-2-CHLOROETHANE) AS AN EXAMPLE IN THE DISCIPLINE “FORENSIC CHEMISTRY” FOR UKRAINIAN STUDENTS OF PHARMACY
Authors: Welchinska Elena 
Published: November 2018

The quantity of pharmaceutical preparations, which are used in medicine and different areas of the economy increased because of the development of the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. These substances can caise poisonings in certain situations. The sources of poisonings are: sewage of industrial enterprises; pesticides (chemical poisons) for fighting agricultural pests; soil; vegetables and fruits; chemical substances for fights against rodents and insects. The use of chemical substances in the economy increases the quantity of poisons as objects of forensic toxicological analysis. “Forensic chemistry” — is a science which studies methods for the isolation, purification, qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis of toxic and poisonous substances and their metabolites in objects of various origins: animal and plant biological materials, industrial waste, emissions of waste water, the air of industrial enterprises, soil and agricultural crops, etc. The aim of this work is to study the importance of chemicals, namely fluorine-containing organic compounds, which are strong toxic substances, during the study of "Forensic Chemistry" throughout the academic period at the Pharmaceutical Faculty in Ukraine.
O desmembramento da Constituição de 1988: constitucionalismo abusivo e fim do ciclo político democrático | The 1988 Brazilian Constitutions’ dismemberment: abusive constitutionalism and the ending of the democratic political cycle
Authors: Nunes Daniel Capecchi 
Published: November 2018

A hipótese central do presente trabalho é a de que os mais recentes processos de transformação – sejam formais ou interpretativos – que a Constituição brasileira vem sofrendo nos últimos tempos estão intimamente relacionados com o encerramento de um ciclo político – democratizante – e a abertura de um novo ciclo – cujas feições ainda são incógnitas. Nessa linha, esse final de ciclo será relacionado com o exercício de algo que a literatura especializada tem chamado de “constitucionalismo abusivo”, associado com momentos nos quais a classe política usa os instrumentos constitucionais democráticos para tornar a constituição menos democrática. O resultado do apelo constante a esse constitucionalismo abusivo é um “desmembramento constitucional”, originado de uma tentativa deliberada de desfazer as fundações da Constituição de 1988.
O direito à terra indígena sob a perspectiva da CF/88 e dos direitos humanos e sua respectiva aplicação no caso Guyraroká em Mato Grosso do Sul | The indigenous land rights under the perspective of CF/88 and human rights and their respective application in the case of Guyraroka in Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: Moraes Julia Thais , Araujo Silvia Dettmer 
Published: November 2018

o presente artigo visa analisar a tese adotada pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) denominada marco temporal, empregada para solucionar os casos de demarcação de terras indígenas. O referido marco normativo se apresentará sob duas perspectivas, a constitucional, utilizando a Constituição Federal de 1988 como parâmetro interno. E no âmbito internacional utilizará a Convenção Americana de Direitos Humanos como orientadora da temática na esfera dos direitos humanos, pois elege critérios legais a serem seguidos nos procedimentos que reconheçam as terras originárias. O diálogo entre a atual constituição e a esfera internacional se faz imperativa, em virtude do princípio da prevalência dos direitos humanos nas relações em que a República Federativa do Brasil seja parte previsto na atual constituição. Princípio que culminou na ratificação do citado pacto normativo. O caso Guyrároka, referente ao povo guarani-kaiowá, situado em Mato Grosso do Sul será explorado, a fim de demonstrar como se deu a interpretação constitucional e também dos direitos humanos. Empregou-se o método exploratório, qualitativo e bibliográfico.
The grey area in the practice of online journalism in China
Authors: Xu Tianbo 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Considerable scholarly discussion, in broad terms at least, has focused on the disruptions that the Internet has delivered to journalistic norms and the changes to perceptions that journalists hold of their role. However, such discussion tends to emphasize the Internet as a globally used form of technology with a singular impact on journalism; it mentions only in passing that its understanding of this concept is mainly based on an Anglo-American model. This article explores Chinese journalists’ ideas about disruption in China. It finds that Chinese journalists use of the Internet falls within the margins of the censorship system, leading to a grey area surrounding the practice of online journalism within which certain specific constraints supposedly enforced by administration law and departmental policies can be broken without punishment. While working in this grey area signals a disruption of journalistic norms in China, the characteristics of this disruption differ from those found in western countries.
Constructive journalism
Authors: Dagoula Chrysi 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Danielle Batist is a freelance journalist and editor who embraces an entrepreneurial and positive approach to journalism. She has lived and worked in several countries around the globe. In the fifteen years she has been working as a journalist, she has developed an interest in social change, which she pursued in her work as the editor of the International Network of Street Papers (INSP), reaching six million readers in over 40 countries, and which underpins her current focus on ‘Constructive Journalism’ – a project she co-founded in 2014. Drawing on a variety of behavioural and audience studies, constructive journalism can be defined as ‘as rigorous, compelling reporting that includes positive and solutionfocused elements in order to empower audiences and present a fuller picture of truth, while upholding journalism’s core functions and ethics’ – in other words, an approach that attempts to bring positive elements to conventional reporting. By using a ‘wellbeing’ model of the world instead of a ‘disease’ model, stories about what is working – rather than just what is broken – become part of the news eco-system. Last year, Danielle got involved in the re-launch of Positive News, founded in 1993 and re-launched in 2016 as a magazine. The publication showcases a new model for media ownership, as well as a new way to tell news stories. Owned by a community of 1526 journalists, readers and supporters from 33 countries, the magazine features ‘Constructive Conversation’, where thought leaders are challenged to find common ground; ‘Solutions Lab’, where forward-thinking responses to difficult social issues are unearthed; ‘What Happened Next?’ where stories reported upon previously are updated. All these aspects are highlighted in a conversation with Danielle Batist, who gives her insight on the discussed matters.
Making sense of innovative and disruptive news in the digital age
Authors: Dagoula Chrysi 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Launched in 2012, Zetland (zetland.dk) is a Danish media company that approaches digital journalism as ‘a force of good’. Its mission contains a paradox: it is simple but simultaneously complex – not to make news but to make sense of it. Through its diverse practices that vary from daily publications in a custom-built platform to pioneering shows of ‘performed’ journalism, Zetland’s aim is to tell stories worth remembering that integrate audiences – as co-creators in all journalistic processes – to be able to distribute knowledge and build a well-informed community. Since their founding, a lot has changed. Although its core remained the same, Zetland recently expanded, raising two million euros, broadening its team with 25 new members and adding the publication of a daily in-depth digital newspaper, all the while experimenting with new paradigms of digital journalism.
Launching the journal, opening the forum
Authors: Kapchan Deborah A , Stokes Martin , Box Laura Chakravarty , Wolf Richard K. , Waugh Earle , Sultanova Razia , Frishkopf Michael , Sarrazin Natalie , Cohen Matthew Isaac , Aghaie Kamran Scot , Murthy Dhiraj , Baily John , Rasmussen Anne K. , Suleiman Yasir 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Can malaria protein fight cancer?
Authors: Mannaa Fathia Abd Elwahid 
Published: November 2018

Cancer risk depends on a combination of our genes, environment and other aspects of our lives, many of which we can control. Surgery, radiation and chemotherapy are often effective at treating people with a solid tumor, but once the cancer has spread and formed tiny tumors at distant sites, chances for a successful recovery are dismal.Recently, it was discovered that the malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum produce and present a malarial protein called VAR2CSA, which bind a type of sugar molecule exclusively found in the placenta. It was found that the exact same sugar molecule structure is also found in most cancer cells. Both molecules are a type of chondroitin sulfate. The VAR2CSA only adhere in the placenta and do not bind to chondroitin sulfate expressed elsewhere in the body. In tumors, placental-like chondroitin sulfate chains are linked to a limited repertoire of cancer-associated proteoglycans including CD44 and CSPG4. The recombinant VAR2CSA (rVAR2) protein localizes to tumors in vivo and rVAR2 fused to diphtheria toxin or conjugated to hemiasterlin compounds strongly inhibits in vivo tumor cell growth and metastasis.
Organic fertilizer and irrigation in changes the chemical properties of a Fluvent and okra production
Authors: Mesquista Evandro Franklin de , Chaves Lúcia |Helena Garófalo , Melo Emanuela Candida , Cavalcante Lourival Ferreira , Alves Anailson Sousa , Lima santos Albanisa Pereira 
Published: November 2018

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of organic fertilization on changes of chemical properties of a “Neossolo Flúvico Eutrófico” (Fluvent) and okra production, cultivated with and without mulching and irrigation depths. The experiment was installed in the Agroecology sector at Universidade Estadual da Paraíba. The treatments were designed in a randomized blocks using the 2 x 5 x 2 factorial, which corresponding to two irrigation depths (100 and 50% of the crop evapotranspiration - ETc), five doses of cattle manure to increase the level from 1.8 % to 2.8; 3.8; 4.8 and 5.8%, in soil with and without mulching (plant residues), with four replications, totaling 80 plots with 27 plants per plot. 140 days after planting okra, soil samples were collected at each plot and chemical analyses were performed. The okra production was evaluated based on the number of green fruits and crop yield. The data were submitted to analysis of variance. The application of cattle manures to the soil between 4.8 and 5.8% and irrigation with 100% of crop evapotranspiration - Etc, with and without mulching, was suitable for the cultivation of okra under semi-arid climatic conditions, which provided increases in the chemical attributes of a Fluvent and in the okra production.
Process Parameters Optimization in Membrane Fabrication for Produced Water Treatment Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Central Composite Design (CCD)
Authors: Kusworo Tutuk Djoko , Puji Utomo Dani , Rahmatya Gerhana Annizah , Angga Putra Hanifah 
Published: November 2018

Produced water is wastewater from oil production that must be treated well. Membrane is one alternative to water treatment technology based on filtration method. But, in the use of a membrane, there’s no exact variable optimal that influences performance of the membrane. This underlying research to assess factors that influences the performance of membrane to be more optimal. Therefore, the objectives of this study determine the optimum variable through Respond Surface Methodology and Central Composite Design. After getting the optimal condition then will check the stability of the membrane. This experiment of optimization of produced water with asymmetric membrane's Polyether sulfone (PES) using Response Surface is done with varying the Zeolite concentration by low level 1% weight and 3% weight, length of UV irradiation time low level 2 minutes and high level 6 minutes, thermal annealing low level 160 ºC and high-level 180ºC. An analyzer done in this research was by processing data research to make table and charts of the relationship between the result of this experiment with changed variable, namely variation of PES concentration, time of UV ray and thermal annealing by using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Central Composite Design (CCD).
Association analysis of tolerance to dieback phenomena and trunk form using ISSR markers in Quercus brantii
Authors: Shamari Abdol-Reza , Mehrabi Ali-Ashraf , Maleki Abbas , Rostami Ali 
Published: November 2018

Oak decline is a complex syndrome in which several damaging agents interact and bring about a serious dieback in tree condition. Genetic diversity is a key factor for better adoption of natural populations to environmental stresses. The objective of this research was to identify the association of polymorphism patterns of different reproducible genomic Inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR markers) to level of dieback phenomena and also growth type in 18 different stands of Persian oak in central Zagros region. Totally, 180 trees were sampled and evaluated for growth type, tree diameter at breast height (DBH) and level of tree dieback. Genomic DNAs extracted of fresh leaves amplified using 15 multi-locus ISSR primers. The population structure determined using the Bayesian model-based clustering method implemented in STRUCTURE software by Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) method. Five distinct sub-populations (K=5) determined by the log likelihood of the data. Genome wide association study (GWAS) performed using the generalized linear model (GLM) and the mixed linear model (MLM) with Kinship matrix. Informative alleles recognized for level of tolerance to dieback and tree growth type traits. It was observed a significant co-segregation for phenotypic data and some of amplified fragments. Identification of these informative DNA markers can be utilized for pre-screening of high quality oak seedlings in early growth stages and better management in restoration of damaged stands.
Barthes liest Baudelaire und Mallarmé: Der Jahrmarkt als Mythos des Alltags
Authors: Wörsdörfer Anna Isabell 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWith its numerous offers of entertainment on the festival ground, the fair – site and event at the same time – represents an ‘extra-ordinary’ diversion with regard to the uniform working rhythm. However, because of its persistent (annual) return, it is nevertheless solidly anchored in people’s everyday lives. This article analyzes the phenomenon’s topographic and functional dimensions through the example of three prose poems by Charles Baudelaire and Stéphane Mallarmé. It first focuses on the fairground and the fair’s heterotopic character according to Michel Foucault is carved out. Secondly, from the perspective of leisure event, the fair, according to Roland Barthes, becomes the modern myth, in which the naïve crowd of visitors functions as the reader of myths and the poems’ sophisticated speaker as mythologist. In this interpretation, the latter takes another role besides that of the poet: the speaker is the producer of myths who turns the fair into an aesthetic piece of art.
On Writing a Comparative Literary History: Delocalizing Minor Literatures in European Languages in the Age of ‘Big Data’
Authors: Domínguez César , Di Rosario Giovanna , Ciastellardi Matteo 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
“Minor literature” is an elusive concept in literary scholarship. Its widespread use stands in sharp contrast to the paucity of its theoretical development, which is limited to Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari’s 1975 seminal book Kafka. Pour une littérature mineure. We claim that a comparative history of minor literatures in European languages – a nonexistent project so far – requires three preliminary steps, namely, conceptual clarification, cross-pollination between comparative literary history and the digital humanities, and a bibliometric analysis of the minor-literature constellation. First, conceptual clarification is needed to show, on the one hand, how Deleuze and Guattari’s arguments on minor literatures significantly differ from those of what they posit as their source (Kafka’s discussion on kleine Literaturen) and, on the other hand, the existence of alternative genealogies. Second, by adhering to a Braudelian definition of comparative history, the massive data needed for addressing the production and reception of (minor) literatures in specific social and cultural contexts would immensely benefit from recourse to digital tools. Third, and as an example of approaching conceptual clarification with digital tools, a quantitative study of the minor-literature constellation must be performed using a key tool of international scholarship (the MLA International Bibliography). In the current paper, we may only provide an introductory survey of these three fields and, therefore, the results are tentative and further research is needed.
Chemistry and biochemistry of cold physical plasma derived reactive species in liquids
Authors: Wende Kristian , von Woedtke Thomas , Weltmann Klaus-Dieter , Bekeschus Sander 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species deposited by cold physical plasma are proposed as predominant effectors in the interaction between discharge and biomedical application. Most reactive species found in plasma sources are known in biology for inter- and intracellular communication (redox signaling) and mammalian cells are equipped to interpret the plasma derived redox signal. As such, considerable effort has been put into the investigation of potential clinical applications and the underlying mechanism, with a special emphasis on conditions orchestrated significantly via redox signaling. Among these, immune system control in wound healing and cancer control stands out with promising in vitro and in vivo effects. From the fundamental point of view, further insight in the interaction of the plasma-derived species with biological systems is desired to (a) optimize treatment conditions, (b) identify new fields of application, (c) to improve plasma source design, and (d) to identify the trajectories of reactive species. Knowledge on the biochemical reactivity of non-thermal plasmas is compiled and discussed. While there is considerable knowledge on proteins, lipids and carbohydrates have not received the attention deserved. Nucleic acids have been profoundly investigated yet focusing on molecule functionality rather than chemistry. The data collected underline the efforts taken to understand the fundamentals of plasma medicine but also indicate ‘no man’s lands’ waiting to be discovered.