bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Second‐generation of temporary implantable nitinol device for the relief of lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia: results of a prospective, multicentre study at 1 year of follow‐up
Authors: Porpiglia Francesco , Fiori Cristian , Amparore Daniele , Kadner Gregor , Manit Arya , Valerio Massimo , Nicolaas Lumen , Ho Brian S. H. , Alonso Sergio , Schulman Claude , Barber Neil 
Published: November 2018

ObjectivesTo report the clinical experience with a second‐generation of temporary implantable nitinol device (iTIND; Medi‐Tate Ltd, Or‐Akiva, Israel) for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) after 1 year of follow‐up.Patients and MethodsIn all, 81 patients with LUTS, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) ≥10, maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) ≤12 mL/s, and prostate volume <75 mL, were enrolled in this prospective Research Ethics Committee‐approved multicentre study. The main exclusion criteria were: haemostatic disorders, post‐void residual urine volume (PVR) >250 mL, obstructive median lobe, and previous prostate surgery. The iTIND was implanted within the bladder neck and the prostatic urethra under light sedation, using a rigid cystoscope. The device was removed 5–7 days later in an outpatient setting. Demographics, perioperative results, complications (according to the Clavien–Dindo system), functional results and quality of life (QoL) were evaluated. Follow‐up assessments were conducted at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively.ResultsThe mean (sd) patient age was 65 (8.9) years, prostate volume was 40.5 (12.25) mL, Qmax was 7.3 (2.6) mL/s, IPSS was 22.5 (5.6), and the median (interquartile range) IPSS QoL score was 4 (2–5). All the implantations were successful, with no intraoperative complications recorded; all patients were discharged on the same day of surgery. The devices were retrieved at a mean (SD) of 5.9 (1.1) days after implantation, typically under topical anaesthesia. No Clavien–Dindo Grade >II complications were recorded. The mean (SD) Qmax at the 1 month follow‐up visit was 11.2 (5.7) mL/s and continued to improve thereafter, reaching 14.7 (8.1) mL/s at the 12‐month follow‐up visit (+100%). The mean (SD) IPSS urinary symptom scores were 11.7 (8.0) after 1 month and further improved to 8.8 (6.4) at the 12‐month follow‐up (−60%). In parallel, the mean (SD) IPSS QoL score drop reached 1.6 (1.3) by the end of the study. During the 12‐month period, two patients (2.4%) required medical therapy for BPH, two patients (2.4%) required transurethral resection of the prostate, whilst 10 patients were lost to follow‐up (12.3%). As compared to baseline, none of the 61 sexually active patients who completed the 12‐month follow‐up period reported sexual or ejaculatory dysfunction.ConclusioniTIND implantation is feasible, safe and effective in providing relief of BPH‐related symptoms, at least until 12 months postoperatively. Sexual and ejaculatory functions are fully preserved. Further studies with a longer follow‐up period are needed to assess the durability of these results and to clearly define the indications for iTIND implantation.
Rsph9 is critical for ciliary radial spoke assembly and central pair microtubule stability
Authors: Zhu Lei , Liu Hao , Chen Yawen , Yan Xiumin , Zhu Xueliang 
Published: November 2018

Background InformationIn the “9+2”‐type motile cilia, radial spokes (RSs) protruded from the nine peripheral microtubule doublets surround and interact with the central pair (CP) apparatus to regulate ciliary beat. RSPH9 is the human homologue of the essential protozoan RS head protein Rsp9. Its mutations in human primary ciliary dyskinesia patients, however, cause CP loss in a small portion of airway cilia without affecting the ciliary localization of other head proteins.ResultsWe characterized mouse Rsph9 and investigated its function in ependymal motile cilia. Rsph9 was specifically expressed in mouse tissues containing motile cilia and upregulated during multiciliation. Its ciliary localization complied with its putative role as an RS subunit. Depletion of Rsph9 by RNAi in mouse ependymal cilia resulted in a near complete CP loss and altered the ciliary beat pattern from planar to rotational. Multiple RS proteins, including those in the head, were also markedly downregulated in the Rsph9‐depleted cilia.ConclusionRsph9 is essential for both the RS head assembly and the CP maintenance in mammalian ependymal cilia.SignificanceOur results help to understand the assembly and functions of mammalian RS and pathology of RS‐related ciliopathy.
Entre souveraineté indigène et sécurité nationale : Négocier la sécurité frontalière et la culture Mohawk à Akwesasne
Authors: Rouvière Laetitia 
Published: November 2018

À partir du cas de la réserve mohawk d'Akwesasne à l'intersection entre l'Ontario, le Québec et l'État de New York, cet article analyse les liens entre l'affirmation d'une identité indigène transfrontalière et la mise en oeuvre de politiques de sécurité dans les zones frontalières. Au‐delà d'une opposition binaire entre ces deux dynamiques, nous constatons que la souveraineté indigène se trouve redéfinie au cours de processus de négociation et coopération pour la mise en place de nouvelles règles d'identification et de coopération policière. La mise en oeuvre de la sécurité frontalière s'avère paradoxalement être une opportunité politique pour les dirigeants qui souhaitent réaffirmer une souveraineté indigène : la réaffirmation d'une identité indigène par la coopération émerge comme un facteur clé de l'implémentation des politiques de sécurité frontalière entre le Canada et les États‐Unis.
Circulating miRNA panels for specific and early detection in bladder cancer
Authors: Usuba Wataru , Urabe Fumihiko , Yamamoto Yusuke , Matsuzaki Juntaro , Sasaki Hideo , Ichikawa Makiko , Takizawa Satoko , Aoki Yoshiaki , Niida Shumpei , Kato Ken , Egawa Shin , Chikaraishi Tatsuya , Fujimoto Hiroyuki , Ochiya Takahiro 
Published: November 2018

Bladder cancer is the 9th leading cause of cancer death worldwide. The major problem in bladder cancer is primarily the high recurrence rate after drug treatment and resection. Although conventional screening methods, such as cystoscopy, urinary cytology and ultrasound sonography, have become widely used in clinical settings, the diagnostic performance of these modalities is unsatisfactory due to low accuracy or high invasiveness. Because circulating micro RNA (miRNA) profiles have recently been reported as an attractive tool for liquid biopsy in cancer screening, here, we performed global miRNA profiling of 392 serum samples of bladder cancer patients with 100 non‐cancer samples and 480 samples of other types of cancer as controls. We randomly classified the bladder cancer and control samples into 2 cohorts, a training set (N = 486) and a validation set (N = 486). By comparing both controls, we identified specific miRNA, such as miR‐6087, for diagnosing bladder cancer in the training and validation sets. Furthermore, we found that a combination of 7 miRNA (7‐miRNA panel: miR‐6087, miR‐6724‐5p, miR‐3960, miR‐1343‐5p, miR‐1185‐1‐3p, miR‐6831‐5p and miR‐4695‐5p) could discriminate bladder cancer from non‐cancer and other types of tumors with the highest accuracy (AUC: .97; sensitivity: 95%; specificity: 87%). The diagnostic accuracy was high, regardless of the stage and grade of bladder cancer. Our data demonstrated that the 7‐miRNA panel could be a biomarker for the specific and early detection of bladder cancer.
Q817G mutation in phosphodiesterase type 5: Conformational analysis and dissociation profile of the inhibitor Tadalafil
Authors: Pires de Oliveira Ivan , Lescano Caroline Honaiser , De Nucci Gilberto 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPhosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE‐5) is an important enzyme involved in the hydrolysis of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) to guanosine monophosphate (GMP). The inhibition of this protein leads to the accumulation of cGMP in cells with various biological and therapeutic effects. Several PDE‐5 inhibitors exist, with Tadalafil being one of the most commonly studied and used in clinical therapy. In this study, we applied Molecular Dynamics simulations coupled to the ABF (Adaptive Biasing Force) method to study the effect of the mutation on the Gln817 residue (Q817G). The results of the free energy profiles made clear that the affinity of the inhibitor for PDE‐5 is dependent on the amino acid residue Gln817. The hydrogen bond made between the side chain of glutamine and the indole ring of Tadalafil results in the stabilization of the ligand in the catalytic site. Despite the prominent role of this interaction, it is important to highlight the contribution of other residues of the catalytic domain for the stabilization of the compound, due to the set of polar, hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions performed by specific amino acid residues.
Significantly different contact patterns between Aβ40 and Aβ42 monomers involving the N‐terminal region
Authors: Liu Ziye , Jiang Fan , Wu Yun‐Dong 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAβ42 peptide, with two additional residues at C‐terminus, aggregates much faster than Aβ40. We performed equilibrium replica‐exchange molecular dynamics simulations of their monomers using our residue‐specific force field. Simulated 3JHNHα‐coupling constants agree excellently with experimental data. Aβ40 and Aβ42 have very similar local conformational features, with considerable β‐strand structures in the segments: A2‐H6 (A), L17‐A21 (B), A30‐V36 (C) of both peptides and V39‐I41 (D) of Aβ42. Both peptides have abundant A‐B and B‐C contacts, but Aβ40 has much more contacts between A and C than Aβ42, which may retard its aggregation. Only Aβ42 has considerable A‐B‐C‐D topology. Decreased probability of A‐C contact in Aβ42 relates to the competition from C‐D contact. Increased A‐C contact probability may also explain the slower aggregation of A2T and A2V mutants of Aβ42.
Heart transplantation outcomes for rheumatic heart disease: Analysis of international registry data
Authors: Dan Jennifer M. , Silva Enciso Jorge , Lund Lars H. , Aslam Saima 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundRheumatic heart disease (RHD), an autoimmune sequela of Group A streptococcal infection, is a chronic valvular disease affecting 32 million people worldwide, predominantly in developing nations. As the predisposition to autoimmune sequela still remains post transplantation, our primary objective was to assess if there were differences in mortality and rejection rates.Methods and ResultsUsing the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT) adult heart transplant registry, we identified 42 RHD patients who had undergone heart transplantation between 1988 and 2014. We matched the 42 RHD recipients by transplant year, age, and gender to 420 dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) recipients. One‐year mortality in the RHD group was 17.95% vs. 7.92% in the DCM group (P = 0.07). Survival was significantly reduced in the RHD group vs. the DCM group via Kaplan Meier curves (P = 0.04). In a multivariate model, RHD status (OR 3.19, 95% CI 1.15‐8.83, P = 0.025) and serum creatinine (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.09‐1.82, P = 0.009) were associated with an increased odds of one‐year mortality (P = 0.0013).ConclusionsAt one year post transplantation, RHD recipients had a significantly lower survival than DCM recipients. RHD status was also an independent predictor of mortality at 1 year post transplantation.
Employment Change in Occupations in Urban India: Implications for Wage Inequality
Authors: Sarkar Sudipa 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTThis article analyses employment and wage change patterns in India for a period spanning almost three decades, from 1983–84 to 2011–12. Using data from the National Sample Survey Organization, the study finds evidence of job polarization (employment growth in low‐ and high‐skill jobs and decline in middle‐skill jobs) in urban India during the 1990s and 2000s, and employment upgrading in the 1980s. Consistent with the literature on job polarization, the article finds a reduction in employment share in routine task intensive occupations. The author argues that this reduction is a result of both mechanization and technological upgrading within Indian industry. On the other hand, an increase in employment share in both low‐skill and high‐skill occupations is argued to be a result of growing self‐employment and informal sector employment in urban India. The wage change patterns are largely consistent with the employment change patterns. The analysis suggests that structural change in occupation is an important factor for understanding earnings inequality in India.
Meta‐analysis of aberrant post‐error slowing in substance use disorder: implications for behavioral adaptation and self‐control
Authors: Sullivan Ryan M. , Perlman Greg , Moeller Scott J. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIndividual with substance use disorders have well‐recognized impairments in cognitive control, including in behavioral adaptation after mistakes. One way in which this impairment manifests is via diminished post‐error slowing, the increase in reaction time following a task‐related error that is posited to reflect cautionary or corrective behavior. Yet, in the substance use disorder literature, findings with regard to post‐error slowing have been inconsistent, and thus could benefit from quantitative integration. Here, we conducted a meta‐analysis of case–control studies examining post‐error slowing in addiction. Twelve studies with 15 unique comparisons were identified, comprising 567 substance users and 384 healthy controls across three broad types of inhibitory control paradigms (go‐no/go, conflict resolution, and stop signal tasks, respectively). Results of the random‐effects meta‐analysis revealed a moderate group difference across all studies (Cohen's d = 0.31), such that the individuals with substance use disorder had diminished post‐error slowing compared with controls. Despite this omnibus effect, there was also large variability in the magnitude of the effects, explained in part by differences between studies in task complexity. These findings suggest that post‐error slowing may serve as a promising and easy‐to‐implement measure of cognitive control impairment in substance use disorder, with potential links to aberrant brain function in cognitive control areas such as the anterior cingulate cortex.
Investigation of the changes in oscillatory power during task switching after mild traumatic brain injury
Authors: Barlow Stephanie E. , Medrano Paolo , Seichepine Daniel R. , Ross Robert S. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) can cause persistent cognitive changes. These cognitive changes may be due to changes in neural communication. Task‐switching is a cognitive control operation that may be susceptible to mTBI and is associated with oscillations in theta (4–7 Hz), alpha (8–13 Hz), and beta (14–30 Hz) ranges. This study aimed to investigate oscillatory power in response to cues indicating a task‐switch after mTBI. Electroencephalogram and behavioral data were collected from 21 participants with a history of two or more concussions (mTBI) and 21 age‐ and gender‐matched controls as they performed a task‐switching paradigm. Participants differentiated whether visual stimuli were red or green, or circles or squares, depending on a cue. The cue changed every few trials with the first trial after a rule change being termed a switch trial. The mTBI group showed significantly less overall accuracy during the task. Over a posterior parietal region, the mTBI group showed more theta desynchronization than the control group from ~300 to ~600 ms post‐cue during switch trials and from ~300 to 400 ms during maintain trials, along with less alpha and beta desynchronization than the control group from ~2,000 to ~2,200 ms post‐cue. In a right parietal region, the mTBI group showed less alpha and beta desynchronization from ~525 to ~775 ms post‐cue. However, there was no condition × group interaction in the behavior or oscillatory results. These oscillatory differences suggest a change in neural communication is present after mTBI that may relate to global changes in task performance.
Guillotine versus pull‐through technique for palmar digital neurectomy: A retrospective study on 40 horses
Authors: Oosterlinck M. , Pille F. , Lubbers C. , Haspeslagh M. , Martens A. 
Published: November 2018

SummaryPalmar digital neurectomy (PDN) is used in horses for treating chronic foot pain refractory to other treatments and is most often performed using the guillotine technique or the pull‐through technique. This study was performed to compare the outcome of the guillotine technique and the pull‐through technique for PDN. Medical records of horses undergoing PDN (January 2008–February 2017) were reviewed (guillotine technique: n = 25, pull‐through technique: n = 15). Outcome was obtained by telephone questionnaire. There was no significant difference between treatment groups for the return to athletic activity, presence of residual/recurrent lameness, occurrence of post‐operative complications and owner satisfaction. Outcome was similar for both techniques, albeit with highly variable individual responses. Establishing realistic client expectations is very important because only a proportion of horses remain sound following PDN as time progresses. Adequate case selection is warranted with either technique and should involve accurate localisation of pain with diagnostic anaesthesia and definitive diagnostic imaging techniques.
Gastrointestinal safety of coxibs: systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies on selective inhibitors of cyclo‐oxygenase 2
Authors: Martín Arias Luis Hermenegildo , Martín González Antonio , Sanz Fadrique Rosario , Salgueiro Vázquez Esther 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPrior meta‐analyses have shown a higher gastrointestinal risk of nonselective NSAIDs versus placebo and a lower gastrointestinal risk of coxibs versus nonselective NSAIDs. However, the available data about gastrointestinal risk for coxibs versus placebo are scarce. The aim of this study was to review the current evidence on the use of coxibs and to evaluate the risk of gastrointestinal adverse outcomes (GAO) associated with coxibs versus nonexposed. Search was conducted on PubMed and Embase databases. We selected cohort observational, case‐control, nested case‐control and case‐crossover studies that reported the risk of GAO associated with coxibs versus nonexposed as relative risk (RR), odds ratio (OR), hazard ratio (HR) or incidence rate ratio (IRR). It was estimated the pooled RR and the 95% confidence interval (CI) for coxibs both individually and as a whole by the DerSimonian and Laird method. Twenty‐eight studies met inclusion criteria. Overall, coxibs were associated with a significant increment in the risk of GAO [RR 1.64 (95% CI 1.44–1.86)]. The analysis by individual drugs showed that etoricoxib [RR 4.85 (95% CI 2.64–8.93)] presented the highest gastrointestinal risk, followed by rofecoxib [RR 2.02 (95% CI 1.56–2.61)] and celecoxib [RR 1.53 (95% CI 1.19–1.97)]. Gastrointestinal risk was also high for the subgroups aged <65 years and low‐dose coxibs. The use of coxibs is associated with a statistically significant increased risk of GAO, which would be high even for low‐dose coxibs and <65‐year‐old subgroups. The risk would be higher for etoricoxib than for celecoxib and rofecoxib.
Interventions to assist pet owners in online health information seeking behaviour: a qualitative content analysis literature review and proposed model
Authors: Solhjoo Niloofar , Naghshineh Nader , Fahimnia Fatima , Ameri‐naeini Amir R. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectiveVeterinarians and their clients are using online information to improve pets’ health. There are no comprehensive frameworks, theories and models to intervene and evaluate online health information seeking behaviour (HISB) of pet owners. The objective of this paper was to provide a comprehensive review of the literature and propose a model for evaluating and intervening pet owner's HISB.MethodsThe framework emerges from a systematic literature review and qualitative content analysis. NVivo 10 was used in this paper as an analysis tool for coding text and for supporting framework generation through identifying patterns.ResultsWe indicate the most influencing factors on online HISB of pet owners, types of interventions for enhancing pet health information consumer skills and possible pet health outcomes. The themes identified from the literature review have been resulted into the development of a model for investigating pet owners’ health information behaviour interventions.DiscussionWe strengthen our findings further by learning from health behaviour models. Based on adaptation of the interaction model of client health behaviour, we developed our initial model.ConclusionThis model serves as an initial step to engage health librarians and veterinarians for planning on pet health information outreach. However, future studies need to test the proposed model in various case studies and populations.
Evaluating the performance of automated UV enzymatic assay for screening of glucose 6‐phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
Authors: Anantasomboon Pornchai , Chanda Makamas , Jugnam‐ang Watcharapong , Witoonpanich Pirada , Cheepsunthorn Poonlarp , Nuchprayoon Issarang , Fucharoen Suthat , Cheepsunthorn Chalisa L. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIntroductionA precise and reliable screening assay for glucose 6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency would greatly help avoiding unwanted outcomes due to bilirubin neurotoxicity in neonatal jaundice and antimalarial‐induced haemolytic anaemia in malaria patients. Currently, available assays are laborious and require sophisticated laboratory expertise. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of a recently introduced automated screening assay for G6PD deficiency by comparing with a routine spectrophotometric assay.MethodsAn automated UV‐based enzymatic (Mindray, PRC) and spectrophotometric assays were performed simultaneously in parallel to determine G6PD activity in 251 blood samples from the subjects.ResultsThe median G6PD activity value from spectrophotometric assay was significantly lower than that of from the automated assay. The mean difference was −2.0 U/g haemoglobin (−7.3 to 3.2; P < 0.0001). The mean activity values of both assays were strongly correlated with Pearson's correlation coefficient of r = 0.8. Cohen's kappa statistics between assays was 0.77 (0.70‐0.83). The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of the automated assay were 85.7%, 99.2%, 85.7%, 99.2%, respectively. The sensitivity and positive predictive values of the automated assay for identifying intermediate G6PD activity levels were 40.0% and 25.0%, respectively. Genotyping was performed to confirm G6PD deficient and intermediate samples. The turnaround time for 40 samples was 60 minutes for the automated assay and 300 minutes for spectrophotometric assay.ConclusionThe automated assay for the detection of G6PD deficiency is comparable to a routine spectrophotometric assay and help reducing sample handling time. However, the assay shows limitation in identifying individuals with G6PD intermediate.