bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Colony‐stimulating factor 1 and its receptor are new potential therapeutic targets for allergic asthma
Authors: Moon Hyung‐Geun , Kim Seung‐jae , Lee Myoung Kyu , Kang Homan , Choi Hak Soo , Harijith Anantha , Ren Jinhong , Natarajan Viswanathan , Christman John W. , Ackerman Steven J. , Park Gye Young 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundA new approach targeting aeroallergen sensing in the early events of mucosal immunity could have greater benefit. The CSF1‐CSF1R pathway has a critical role in trafficking allergens to regional lymph nodes through activating dendritic cells. Intervention in this pathway could prevent allergen sensitization and subsequent Th2 allergic inflammation.ObjectiveTo examine the therapeutic effectiveness of CSF1 and CSF1R inhibition for blocking the dendritic cell function of sensing aeroallergens.MethodsWe adopted a model of chronic asthma induced by a panel of three naturally occurring allergens and novel delivery system of CSF1R inhibitor encapsulated nanoprobe.ResultsSelective depletion of CSF1 in airway epithelial cells abolished the production of allergen‐reactive IgE, resulting in prevention of new asthma development as well as reversal of established allergic lung inflammation. CDPL‐GW nanoprobe containing GW2580, a selective CSF1R inhibitor, showed favorable pharmacokinetics for inhalational treatment and intranasal insufflation delivery of CDPL‐GW nanoprobe ameliorated asthma pathologies including allergen‐specific serum IgE production, allergic lung and airway inflammation and airway hyper‐responsiveness (AHR) with minimal pulmonary adverse reaction.ConclusionThe inhibition of the CSF1‐CSF1R signaling pathway effectively suppresses sensitization to aeroallergens and consequent allergic lung inflammation in a murine model of chronic asthma. CSF1R inhibition is a promising new target for the treatment of allergic asthma.
Evaluation of online clinical pharmacology curriculum resources for medical students
Authors: Zhang Xi Yue , Holbrook Anne M. , Nguyen Laura , Lee Justin , Al Qahtani Saeed , Garcia Michael Cristian , Perri Dan , Levine Mitchell , Patel Rakesh V. , Maxwell Simon 
Published: August 2019

AimsTo identify and evaluate clinical pharmacology (CP) online curricular (e‐Learning) resources that are internationally available for medical students.MethodsLiterature searches of Medline, EMBASE and ERIC databases and an online survey of faculty members of international English language medical schools, were used to identify CP e‐Learning resources. Resources that were accessible online in English and aimed to improve the quality of prescribing specific medications were then evaluated using a summary percentage score for comprehensiveness, usability and quality, and for content suitability.ResultsOur literature searches and survey of 252 faculty (40.7% response rate) in 219 medical schools identified 22 and 59 resources respectively. After screening and removing duplicates, 8 eligible resources remained for evaluation. Mean total score was 53% (standard deviation = 13). The Australian National Prescribing Curriculum, ranked highest with a score of 77%, based primarily on very good ratings for usability, quality and suitable content.ConclusionUsing a novel method and evaluation metric to identify, classify, and rate English language CP e‐Learning resources, the National Prescribing Curriculum was the highest ranked open access resource. Future work is required to implement and evaluate its effectiveness on prescribing competence.
How do women with social risk factors experience United Kingdom maternity care? A realist synthesis
Authors: Rayment‐Jones Hannah , Harris James , Harden Angela , Khan Zahra , Sandall Jane 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundEchoing international trends, the most recent United Kingdom reports of infant and maternal mortality found that pregnancies to women with social risk factors are over 50% more likely to end in stillbirth or neonatal death and carry an increased risk of premature birth and maternal death. The aim of this realist synthesis was to uncover the mechanisms that affect women's experiences of maternity care.MethodsUsing realist methodology, 22 papers exploring how women with a wide range of social risk factors experience maternity care in the United Kingdom were included. The data extraction process identified contexts (C), mechanisms (M), and outcomes (0).ResultsThree themes, Resources, Relationships, and Candidacy, overarched eight CMO configurations. Access to services, appropriate education, interpreters, practical support, and continuity of care were particularly relevant for women who are unfamiliar with the United Kingdom system and those living chaotic lives. For women with experience of trauma, or those who lack a sense of control, a trusting relationship with a health care professional was key to regaining trust. Many women who have social care involvement during their pregnancy perceive health care services as a system of surveillance rather than support, impacting on their engagement. This, as well as experiences of paternalistic care and discrimination, could be mitigated through the ability to develop trusting relationships.ConclusionsThe findings provide underlying theory and practical guidance on how to develop safe services that aim to reduce inequalities in women's experiences and birth outcomes.
Unilateral climate policy and the green paradox: Extraction costs matter
Authors: Kollenbach Gilbert 
Published: August 2019

AbstractI analyze the effect of unilateral climate policies in a two‐country model where fossil fuel extraction costs depend on both current extraction and remaining stock and where a constant marginal‐cost clean substitute is available. An intensification of climate policy in the country with an initially stricter policy does not increase early fossil fuel extraction (i.e., there is no “weak green paradox”) or the present value of pollution costs (i.e., there is no “strong green paradox”) if energy demand in that country is initially met with a mix of fossil fuel and a substitute. Whether a stricter climate policy in the country with an initially laxer policy causes a weak green paradox depends on the price elasticity of energy demand and the strength of the flow and stock dependence of extraction costs. If the reduction of total extraction is sufficiently strong, it overcompensates for a weak green paradox with respect to pollution costs. Thus, a weak green paradox does not necessarily imply a strong green paradox, due to stock dependence.