bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A meta-analysis of laparoscopic surgery versus conventional open surgery in the treatment of colorectal cancer
Authors: Song Xiao-Jun , Liu Zhi-Li , Zeng Rong , Ye Wei , Liu Chang-Wei 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Background:
This meta-analysis aimed to explore the overall effect and safety of anterior laparoscopic surgery versus conventional open surgery for patients with colorectal cancer based on eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs), especially the difference in the postoperative incidence of deep venous thrombosis (DVT).

Methods:
PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase were searched based on keywords to identify eligible studies before February 2018. Only RCTs were eligible. We analyzed the main outcomes using the relative risk (RR) or mean difference (MD) along with 95% confidence interval (95% CI).

Results:
In this meta-analysis, we analyzed a total of 24 studies with 4592 patients in the laparoscopic surgery group and 3865 patients in the open surgery group. The results indicated that compared with the open surgery, laparoscopic surgery significantly decreased estimated blood loss (SMD: −1.14, 95%CI: −1.70 to −0.57), hospital stay (SMD: −1.12, 95%CI: −1.76 to −0.47), postoperative mortality (RR: 0.60, 95%CI: 0.41–0.86) and postoperative complication (RR: 0.83, 95%CI: 0.72–0.95). However, the operative time (WMD: 40.46, 95%CI: 35.94–44.9) was statistically higher in the laparoscopic surgery group than the open surgery group, and there was no significant difference in the incidence of DVT between the 2 groups (RR: 0.96, 95%CI: 0.46–2.02).

Conclusion:
Laparoscopic surgery is superior to open surgery for patients with colorectal cancer. But the 2 surgeries showed no significant difference in the incidence of DVT.
Effects of on-pump versus off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting on myocardial metabolism
Authors: Xie Hong-tao , Kang Xiao-qin , Zhang Shun , Tian Yong-cang , Liu De-jun , Bai Ben-jian 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Background:
On-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (ON-PCABG) and off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OF-PCABG) greatly affect myocardial metabolism (MCMB). However, no study has systematically explored and compared the impacts of ON-PCABG and OF-PCABG on MCMB. This study will aim to explore and to compare the effects of ON-PCABG and OF-PCABG on MCMB systematically.

Methods:
We will conduct the comprehensive literature search from the following electronic databases from inception to the present: Cochrane Library, EMBASE, MEDILINE, CINAHL, AMED and 4 Chinese databases without language restrictions. This systematic review will only concern randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and case-control studies of ON-PCABG and OF-PCABG on MCMB. The methodological quality of each entered study will be assessed by using Cochrane risk of bias tool.

Results:
Primary outcomes include myocardial cellular markers, myocardial lactate, oxygen utilization, pyruvate, and intramyocardial concentrations of glucose, urea and lactate. Secondary outcome comprises of glutathione, superoxide dismutase, myeloperoxidase, and oxidative stress and any other complications post surgery.

Conclusion:
This study will provide a high-quality synthesis and will assess and compare the effects of ON-PCABG and OF-PCABG on MCMB based on the current relevant literature evidence.

Dissemination and ethics:
The results will be submitted to peer-reviewed journals for publication. This study does not require ethic approval, because it only analyzes the data from published literature.

Systematic review registration:
PROSPERO CRD42019125381.
Nationwide epidemiologic study for pediatric osteomyelitis and septic arthritis in South Korea
Authors: Kim Jihye , Lee Min Uk , Kim Tae-Hwan 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Epidemiologic studies of pediatric bone and joint infection have been done mostly by developed Western countries, and such results could be expected to be biased. Therefore, an epidemiologic study to identify the distinct features of an Eastern country would be beneficial to improve their health outcomes and to reduce health care cost. A study was planned to investigate the epidemiology of pediatric osteomyelitis and septic arthritis in South Korea and to find out epidemiologic factors related with the occurrence of surgery.
We conducted a cross-sectional study among hospitalized pediatric patients (<18 years old) with osteomyelitis and septic arthritis using nationwide cohort based on the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) from 2008 to 2016. Percentage of hospitalization was additionally calculated according to several epidemiologic factors including age, month, site of infection, and region of residence. Logistic regression analysis was performed to find out the association between epidemiologic factors and occurrence of surgery
Annual hospitalization rates (per 100,000) in our country were 7.8 to 9.1 for osteomyelitis, and 11.9 to 20.8 for septic arthritis. Frequent sites of osteomyelitis and septic arthritis were pelvis and lower extremity. The hospitalization rates of osteomyelitis and septic arthritis showed increasing trend with age. After multivariate logistic regression analysis, female gender, children, and adolescents rather than infants, rural area rather than urban area were associated with significantly increased odd ratios for surgery.
The hospitalization rate of septic arthritis (11.9 to 20.8 per 100,000) in South Korea was higher than the Western countries (1.1 to 11 per 100,000), and the hospitalization rate of osteomyelitis (peak at 12 years) and septic arthritis (peak at 17 years) showed increasing trend with age, which was different from those of the developed Western countries showing higher incidence in children aged under 5 years. After multivariate logistic regression analysis, our study identified female gender, higher age group including children, and adolescents, and rural residence as epidemiologic risk factors associated with surgery.
Cumulative sum analysis of learning curve for video-assisted mini-laparotomy partial nephrectomy in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Park Jee Soo , Ahn Hyun Kyu , Na Joonchae , Lee Hyung Ho , Yoon Young Eun , Yoon Min Gee , Han Woong Kyu 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Video-assisted mini-laparotomy surgery (VAMS), a hybrid of open and laparoscopic surgical techniques, is an important surgical approach in the field of partial nephrectomy. The learning curve for VAMS partial nephrectomy has not been studied to date; we therefore, evaluated this learning curve.
We prospectively evaluated 20 consecutive patients who underwent VAMS partial nephrectomy performed by a single surgeon (YEY) between March 2015 and December 2016. The learning curve was evaluated using the cumulative sum method. The measure of surgical performance was composed of 3 parameters (total operation time [Op time], warm ischemic time [WIT], and estimated blood loss [EBL]).
Among the 20 patients who underwent VAMS partial nephrectomy, the mean age was 54.6 years. The mean Op time and WIT were 172.5 and 28.8 minutes, respectively. The learning curve for the Op time, WIT, and EBL consisted of 3 unique phases: phase 1 (the first 7 cases), phase 2 (the next 5 to 7 cases), and phase 3 (all subsequent cases). Phase 1 represents the initial learning curve, and the phase 2 plateau represents the period of expert competency. Phase 3 represents when one is competent in VAMS partial nephrectomy.
The learning curve for VAMS partial nephrectomy is relatively short and after a learning curve of approximately 7 cases, the surgeon became familiar with VAMS partial nephrectomy; after 12 to 14 cases, the surgeon became competent in this procedure.
Short-term recurrence and distant metastasis following robotic-assisted radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy and chemoradiotherapy for a stage IB1 cervical adenocarcinoma
Authors: Tong Jinfei , Yu Hailan , Li Jianqiong , Zhou Jiena , Ma Xudong , Yang Jianhua 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) is considered the standard treatment for patients with early stage cervical cancer with positive pelvic nodes, yet many patients with high-risk factors treated with CCRT still suffered from distant metastasis.

Patient concerns:
A 48-year-old woman presented with abnormal vaginal bleeding for 5 months. Thin prep liquid-based cytology test revealed low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and the human papillomavirus test (type 58) was positive. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a mass measuring 17 × 15 mm, located predominantly in the posterior lip of uterine cervix. Colposcopy biopsy reported adenocarcinoma of the cervix.

Diagnosis:
Cervical adenocarcinoma stage IB1.

Interventions:
A robotic-assisted radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy was performed followed by postoperative CCRT.

Outcomes:
Distant metastasis was occurred shortly after postoperative CCRT and the patient died 9 months from initial diagnosis.

Lessons:
In cases of new nodule in bones, lower abdominal distension and bloating occurring shortly after CCRT in early stage cervical adenocarcinoma, clinicians should bear in mind that recurrence should be considered. Development of more effective treatment to improve the survival outcomes of patients with postoperative metastasis is needed.
Ovarian metastasis from breast cancer in three Chinese females
Authors: Wang Jiang , Tian Wei , Zhou Yunxiang , Zhang Xiaowei , Deng Yongchuan 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
The biological behavior and clinical features of ovarian metastasis from breast cancer remain unclear; diagnosis and treatment of this condition are challenging.

Patient concerns:
We reported three cases of ovarian metastasis from breast cancer in Chinese women aged 44, 46, and 30 years. The prognosis was different in all three patients; however, no symptoms of ovarian metastasis were observed.

Diagnosis:
All three premenopausal patients were diagnosed with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer and two of them had axillary lymph node metastasis. All three women had multiple extra-ovarian metastases when ovarian metastasis was detected.

Interventions:
All patients received systemic antitumor therapy and underwent bilateral ovariectomy.

Outcomes:
Patient 1 had stable bone metastasis; patient 2 had stable lung metastasis and died of heart disease, and patient 3 had multiple brain metastases, which suggested poor outcomes.

Lessons:
It is important to screen for ovarian metastasis from breast cancer when evaluating suspicious ovarian masses detected via transvaginal ultrasound in patients with a breast cancer history. Therefore, we recommend simple laparoscopic bilateral oophorectomy not only for pathological diagnosis but also for metastatic tumor removal and therapeutic castration. In such cases, systemic therapy is essential because ovarian metastasis is often a component of systemic metastatic disease.
Sharing of Injection Drug Preparation Equipment Is Associated With HIV Infection: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Ball Laura J. , Puka Klajdi , Speechley Mark , Wong Ryan , Hallam Brian , Wiener Joshua C. , Koivu Sharon , Silverman Michael S. 
Published: April 2019

Background:
Sharing needles/syringes and sexual transmission are widely appreciated as means of HIV transmission among persons who inject drugs (PWIDs). London, Canada, is experiencing an outbreak of HIV among PWIDs, despite a large needle/syringe distribution program and low rates of needle/syringe sharing.

Objective:
To determine whether sharing of injection drug preparation equipment (IDPE) is associated with HIV infection.

Methods:
Between August 2016 and June 2017, individuals with a history of injection drug use and residence in London were recruited to complete a comprehensive questionnaire and HIV testing.

Results:
A total of 127 participants were recruited; 8 were excluded because of failure to complete HIV testing. The remaining 35 HIV-infected (cases) and 84 HIV-uninfected (controls) participants were assessed. Regression analysis found that sharing IDPE, without sharing needles/syringes, was strongly associated with HIV infection (adjusted odds ratio: 22.1, 95% confidence interval: 4.51 to 108.6, P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Sharing of IDPE is a risk factor for HIV infection among PWIDs, even in the absence of needle/syringe sharing. Harm reduction interventions to reduce HIV transmission associated with this practice are urgently needed.
Van der Woude Syndrome With a Novel Mutation in the IRF6 Gene
Authors: Ural Alper , Bilgen Fatma , Çakmakli Seda , Bekerecioğlu Mehmet 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Van der Woude syndrome (VWS) is a rare autosomal dominant disease, first reported in the literature in 1845 by Demarquay and subsequently thoroughly described in 1954 by Van der Woude.
1,2
Van der Woude Syndrome is the most common form of syndromic orofacial clefting and individuals with this syndrome account for 2% of all cleft cases.
3
Van der Woude syndrome clinically presents with congenital lip pits. These lip pits occur on paramedian portion of the vermillion border of the lip. In VWS, congenital lip pits occur in concurrence with cleft lip and/or cleft palate and represent the most common clinical problem occurring in 80% of the patients. Lip pits result due to notching of the lips at an early stage of development with fixation of tissues at the base of the notch or they may result from a failure of complete union of embryonic lateral sulci of lip.
4
Single lip sinuses without any cleft syndrome are rare; lower lip fistulas in VWS are generally asymptomatic, and surgical management is usually accomplished because of aesthetic concerns. However, in some cases, patients may complain of watery drainage or hypotonia of the lower lip.
5
Herein, the authors report a novel frameshift mutation in IRF6 gene which may contribute to better understanding the genetic aspect of VWS.
Treatment of Venous Hemorrhage Between Vestibulocochlear Nerve and Hypertrophic Flocculus During Microvascular Decompression Procedure for Hemifacial Spasm
Authors: Wei Xiangyu , Zheng Xuesheng , Chen Zheng , Yuan Yan , Li Shiting 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Hemifacial spasm is a kind of painless, intermittent, involuntary, and irregular unilateral facial muscles convulsion. Microvascular decompression has become the standard surgical procedure for hemifacial spasm after years of popularization and development. In the article, the authors described in detail a therapeutic strategy for rapid intracranial venous bleeding between vestibulocochlear nerve and hypertrophic flocculus. When simple compression hemostasis failed, the authors applied fibrin glue and gelatin sponges for hemostasis and finally successfully controlled venous bleeding. The patient's symptoms were completely relieved after operation. Routine postoperative examination of head computed tomography revealed no intracranial hemorrhage. The combination of fibrin glue and gelatin sponges may be a possible solution for complicated and intractable venous hemorrhage during microvascular decompression procedure in some patients with hemifacial spasm.
Three Cases Describing Outcomes of Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy With Instillation for Complex Wound Healing
Authors: Hall Kimberly Dawn , Patterson Jessica S. 
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND:
We describe 3 cases where negative-pressure wound therapy with instillation and dwell time (NPWTi-d) was used as an adjunctive therapy for 3 chronic wounds.

CASES:
Three patients (2 males and 1 female), ranging in age from 28 to 53 years, presented with complex, infected wounds: (1) a diabetic foot ulcer with underlying infection, (2) a dehisced abdominal wound with enterocutaneous fistula, and (3) a large wound of the upper torso and axillary region resulting from soft tissue necrosis. Negative-pressure wound therapy with instillation and dwell time was initiated by instilling normal saline or an antiseptic solution; the solution was left in place for 3 to 10 minutes. Continuous negative pressure was then applied at −125 or −150 mm Hg; cycles were repeated every 1 or 3 hours. Treatment was applied for 5 to 44 days, and dressings were changed every 2 to 3 days. Granulation tissue developed in all 3 wounds; all closed after subsequent skin grafting.

CONCLUSIONS:
Outcomes of these cases suggest that NPWTi-d may be used as an adjunctive treatment modality for a variety of chronic wounds.
Availability of Public Toilets in Parks and Recreational Sites in Selected US Cities
Authors: Park Young Shin , Bliss Donna Z. 
Published: April 2019

PURPOSE:
The principal aim of this study was to map and describe the availability of parkland public toilets in major US cities per population and area.

DESIGN:
Observational and descriptive.

SUBJECTS AND SETTING:
Data were collected from the following cities: Austin, Texas; Minneapolis-St Paul (MSP), Minnesota; Nashville, Tennessee; New York City (NYC), New York; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; San Francisco, California (SFC); Seattle, Washington; and Tampa, Florida. These cities are located throughout the United States.

METHODS:
Data from the US Census and cities' parks/recreation departments about publicly owned and operated permanent toilet facilities were analyzed and then mapped using geographic information systems. Toilet density by population and residential area (mi2) was calculated, and toilet distribution was visualized.

RESULTS:
When calculated per 100,000 residents, MSP had the most parkland public toilets with 24; Tampa, Seattle, and Philadelphia had 17 to 22; and Nashville, NYC, and SFC had the fewest, around 7 toilets. Parkland public toilet density per residential area was highest in NYC and Philadelphia (>2/mi2), followed by MSP, Seattle, and SFC (1/mi2), then Tampa, Austin, and Nashville (<1/mi2). The proportion of Census tracts containing parkland public toilets was more than 0.4 in MSP, Seattle, Tampa, and Philadelphia, more than 0.20 in Nashville and Austin, and less than 0.20 in the other cities. Toilet mapping showed fairly even distribution across Census tracts in MSP, Seattle, Tampa, and Philadelphia.

CONCLUSIONS:
Availability of parkland public toilets was highest in MSP and lowest in SFC. Findings inform WOC nurses for counseling incontinent patients about self-management strategies. Urban planning that provides an adequate number and distribution of parkland public toilets may improve quality of life.
NeuRiPP: Neural network identification of RiPP precursor peptides
Authors: de los Santos Emmanuel L.C. 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTSignificant progress has been made in the past few years on the computational identification biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) that encode ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs). This is done by identifying both RiPP tailoring enzymes (RTEs) and RiPP precursor peptides (PPs). However, identification of PPs, particularly for novel RiPP classes remains challenging. To address this, machine learning has been used to accurately identify PP sequences. However, current machine learning tools have limitations, since they are specific to the RiPP-class they are trained for, and are context-dependent, requiring information about the surrounding genetic environment of the putative PP sequences. NeuRiPP overcomes these limitations. It does this by leveraging the rich data set of high-confidence putative PP sequences from existing programs, along with experimentally verified PPs from RiPP databases. NeuRiPP uses neural network models that are suitable for peptide classification with weights trained on PP datasets. It is able to identify known PP sequences, and sequences that are likely PPs. When tested on existing RiPP BGC datasets, NeuRiPP is able to identify PP sequences in significantly more putative RiPP clusters than current tools, while maintaining the same HMM hit accuracy. Finally, NeuRiPP was able to successfully identify PP sequences from novel RiPP classes that are recently characterized experimentally, highlighting its utility in complementing existing bioinformatics tools.
Single-molecule turnover dynamics of actin and membrane coat proteins in clathrin-mediated endocytosis
Authors: Lacy Michael M. , Baddeley David , Berro Julien 
Published: April 2019

AbstractActin is required for clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) in yeast. Experimental observations indicate that this actin assembly generates force to deform the membrane and overcome the cell’s high turgor pressure, but the precise molecular details remain unresolved. Based on previous models, we predicted that actin at endocytic sites continually polymerize and disassemble, turning over multiple times during an endocytic event. Here we applied single-molecule speckle tracking in live fission yeast to directly measure this predicted turnover within the CME assembly for the first time. In contrast with the overall ~20-sec lifetimes of actin and actin-associated proteins in endocytic patches, we detected single-molecule residence times around 1 to 2 sec, and high turnover rates of membrane-associated proteins in CME. Furthermore, we find heterogeneous behaviors in many proteins’ motions. These results indicate that rapid and continuous turnover is a key feature of the endocytic machinery and suggest revising quantitative models of force production.
A developmental framework linking neurogenesis and circuit formation in the Drosophila CNS
Authors: Mark Brandon , Lai Sen-Lin , Zarin Aref Arzan , Manning Laurina , Litwin-Kumar Ashok , Cardona Albert , Truman James W. , Doe Chris Q. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe mechanisms specifying neuronal diversity are well-characterized, yet it remains unclear how or if these mechanisms regulate neural circuit assembly. To address this, we mapped the developmental origin of 160 interneurons from seven bilateral neural progenitors (neuroblasts), and identify them in a synapse-scale TEM reconstruction of theDrosophilalarval CNS. We find that lineages concurrently build the sensory and motor neuropils by generating sensory and motor hemilineages in a Notch-dependent manner. Neurons in a hemilineage share common synaptic targeting within the neuropil, which is further refined based on neuronal temporal identity. Connectome analysis shows that hemilineage-temporal cohorts share common connectivity. Finally, we show that proximity alone cannot explain the observed connectivity structure, suggesting hemilineage/temporal identity confers an added layer of specificity. Thus, we demonstrate that the mechanisms specifying neuronal diversity also govern circuit formation and function, and that these principles are broadly applicable throughout the nervous system.