bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“I felt some prejudice in the back of my head”: Nursing students’ perspectives on learning about mental health from “Experts by Experience”
Authors: Happell Brenda , Waks Shifra , Bocking Julia , Horgan Aine , Manning Fionnuala , Greaney Sonya , Goodwin John , Scholz Brett , van der Vaart Kornelis Jan , Allon Jerry , Hals Elisabeth , Granerud Arild , Doody Rory , MacGabhann Liam , Russell Siobhan , Griffin Martha , Lahti Mari , Ellilä Heikki , Pulli Jarmo , Vatula Annaliina , Platania‐Phung Chris , Bjornsson Einar , Biering Pall 
Published: June 2019

Accessible SummaryWhat is known on the subject?

Consumer participation in mental health services is embedded in mental health policy in many countries. The negative attitudes of nurses and other health professionals to consumer participation poses a significant obstacle to this policy goal

Involving mental health “Experts by Experience” in the education of nursing students demonstrates positive attitudinal change

What this paper adds to existing knowledge?

More detailed understanding of nursing students’ experiences and perspectives about being taught mental health nursing by “Experts by Experience”

An international focus, extending understandings about how Experts by Experience might be perceived in a broader range of countries

What are the implications for practice?

Positive attitudes towards people labelled with mental illness are essential for quality nursing practice

Nurses have an important leadership role in facilitating consumer participation within health services. It is critical that their attitudes are professional and optimistic.

AbstractIntroductionConsumer participation is central to mental health policy. Negative attitudes of health professionals are barriers to realizing policy goals. Evidence suggests consumers (Experts by Experience) can influence positive attitudes in nursing students. Research in this area to date is limited and primarily from Australia and New Zealand.AimTo enhance understanding of nursing students’ perspectives and experiences of being taught mental health by an Expert by Experience.MethodA qualitative exploratory approach was used. Focus groups were conducted with nursing students from seven universities in Australia and Europe. Data were analysed thematically.ResultsStudent participants described how exposure to Experts by Experience challenged their views and attitudes and provided a mechanism for reflection, critique and change. The main theme “changing mindset” includes two subthemes: exposing stereotypes and reflection.DiscussionThis unique international study demonstrates the capacity for Experts by Experience to contribute to positive attitudinal change towards mental illness in nursing students. This changed mindset must occur for policy goals to be realized.Implications for practiceNurses in all areas of practice will work with people labelled with mental illness and experiencing mental distress. Overcoming stereotypes and adopting more positive attitudes is essential to deliver quality mental health care.
Retrospective analysis of esophageal imaging features in brachycephalic versus non‐brachycephalic dogs based on videofluoroscopic swallowing studies
Authors: Eivers Caroline , Chicon Rueda Rocio , Liuti Tiziana , Salavati Schmitz Silke 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundIdiopathic esophageal dysmotility (ED) is increasingly recognized in young dogs of brachycephalic breeds. Few studies have objectively associated specific videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) features with brachycephaly, leading to under‐recognition of ED in brachycephalic breeds.Hypothesis/objectivesTo describe and compare VFSS in brachycephalic dogs versus non‐brachycephalic dogs presented for dysphagia or regurgitation, and to investigate associations between these imaging findings and patient signalment.MethodsRetrospective analysis of VFSS of dogs presented for dysphagia or regurgitation (not megaesophagus) from 2006 to 2017. Cases were divided into brachycephalic and mesaticephalic breeds. The VFSS were reviewed using a standardized protocol by 2 examiners. Esophageal motility was assessed using specific criteria, and particular imaging features were noted and graded. Fisher's exact test was used to determine associations among signalment (including brachycephaly), final diagnosis, outcomes, and ED features.ResultsThirty‐six dogs were included (n = 10 normal, n = 26 presumed ED). Twenty dogs (77%) with presumed ED were brachycephalic with a median age of 1 year (range, 0.2‐10.5 years). Most common were prolonged esophageal transit time (ETT; n = 21/26), decreased propagation of secondary peristaltic waves (n = 20/26), and gastroesophageal reflux (GER; n = 18/28). Eight dogs (all brachycephalic) had hiatal herniation (HH). Morphological esophageal variations were only observed in brachycephalic dogs. Brachycephaly was significantly associated with ED (P= .005), prolonged ETT (P= .41), GER (P= .02), and HH (P= .03).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThe majority of dogs with presumed ED was young and brachycephalic and had specific abnormalities that were less frequent in mesaticephalic dogs with regurgitation or dysphagia.
Maternal anxiety and internet‐based food elimination in suspected food allergy
Authors: Beken Burcin , Celik Velat , Gokmirza Ozdemir Pinar , Sut Necdet , Gorker Isik , Yazicioglu Mehtap 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundFood allergy is associated with stress, anxiety, and impairment in quality of life in both children and families. This study aimed to assess the anxiety of mothers in the case of suspected food allergy in their children and the influence of Internet usage on their levels of anxiety and food elimination.MethodsNinety‐two patients aged 0‐2 years presented at a pediatric allergy department following either a physicians' presumptive diagnosis or family's suspicion of food allergy (Group 1) and 99 healthy controls (Group 2) were evaluated. The clinical diagnosis of food allergy was confirmed or excluded by oral food challenge (OFC). The validated Turkish version of Spielberger State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was applied to the mothers of both groups on admission and to Group 1 3 months after OFC.ResultsThe state and trait anxiety (STAI‐S and STAI‐T) scores were significantly higher in Group 1 than Group 2 (P < 0.001, z = 5.410, and P = 0.021, z = 2.304, respectively). Seventy‐nine mothers (85.9%) had been eliminating foods on admission. Thirty‐seven (40.2%) mothers had eliminated foods on their own. The performance of food allergy–related Web searches was significantly higher among mothers who eliminated foods by themselves than those who did not (P = 0.004, χ2 = 8.391, df = 1). The second STAI‐S score was significantly lower among mothers whose children's food allergy diagnosis was excluded than confirmed (effect size = 1.06 (95% CI: 0.56‐1.57), P = 0.001, z = 3.442).ConclusionIt is important to make a correct food allergy diagnosis with a detailed allergy work‐up, including OFC, to avoid anxiety and not cause unnecessary food elimination.
Role of esophageal manometry in children with refractory gastroesophageal reflux symptoms
Authors: Hsing Tzu‐Yun , Tsai I‐Jung , Hsu Chien‐Ting , Wu Jia‐Feng 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundWe investigated the prevalence of psychiatric referral, frequency of repeat upper gastrointestinal (UGI) contrast studies, and esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) in children with ineffective esophageal motility (IEM) before the confirmation of esophageal dysmotility.MethodsA total of 19 children (nine boys, 10 girls; mean age, 13.80 ± 5.10 years) with symptoms of refractory gastroesophageal reflux (GER) who underwent high‐resolution esophageal impedance manometry (HRIM) were enrolled in this retrospective analysis. Refractory GER symptoms were defined as persistent symptoms even under acid‐suppression therapy for 8 weeks in this study. Clinical data including age, gender, time from symptom onset to diagnosis, and number of UGI contrast studies and EGD before diagnosis were obtained. HRM parameters and the prevalence of psychiatric referral were also analyzed.ResultsThere are 14 children (73.68%) diagnosed with IEM by HRIM, and another 5 children (26.32%) diagnosed as GER disease (GERD) by EGD. A significant proportion of IEM children were misdiagnosed with psychological problems compared with the GERD children (78.57% vs 20.00%, P = 0.04). Three IEM children (21.43%) received antipsychotic and antidepressant agents before diagnosis of IEM, and all of them discontinued these medications after diagnosis. IEM children underwent a greater number of UGI contrast studies (1.07 ± 0.92 vs 0.20 ± 0.45; P = 0.02) and EGD (2.36 ± 2.50 vs 0.60 ± 0.55; P = 0.03) before HRM than GERD children.ConclusionsEsophageal manometry for the diagnosis of IEM should be considered in children with GER symptoms refractory to acid‐suppression therapy for 8 weeks to avoid repeat UGI contrast studies, EGD, and psychological therapy.
Measles, mumps, rubella (vaccine) and varicella vaccines in pediatric liver transplant: An initial analysis of post‐transplant immunity
Authors: Yoeli Jordan K. , Yoeli Dor , Miloh Tamir A. , Rana Abbas , Goss John A. , Munoz‐Rivas Flor 
Published: June 2019

AbstractVaricella and measles infection represents a significant source of morbidity and mortality for pediatric LT recipients. We evaluated the prevalence and correlates of post‐transplant immunity in pediatric LT recipients previously immunized against measles (n = 72) and varicella (n = 67). Sixteen of seventy‐two (22%) patients were measles non‐immune, and 42/67 (63%) were varicella non‐immune after LT. Median time from LT to titers for measles and varicella was 4.0 and 3.3 years, respectively. In the measles cohort, non‐immune patients received fewer pretransplant vaccine doses (P = 0.026) and were younger at both time of vaccination (P = 0.006) and LT (P = 0.004) compared with immune patients. Upon multivariable analysis, weight > 10 kg at LT (OR 5.91, 95% CI 1.27‐27.41) and technical variant graft (OR 0.07, 95% CI 0.01‐0.37) were independently, significantly associated with measles immunity. In the varicella cohort, non‐immune patients received fewer pretransplant vaccine doses (P = 0.028), were younger at transplant (P = 0.022), and had less time lapse between their last vaccine and transplant (P = 0.012) compared with immune patients. Upon multivariate analysis, time > 1 year from last vaccine to LT was independently, significantly associated with varicella immunity (OR 3.78, CI 1.30‐11.01). This study demonstrates that non‐immunity to measles and varicella is a prevalent problem after liver transplantation in children and identifies 3 unique risk factors for non‐immunity in this high‐risk population.
Association of serious adverse events with Cheyne–Stokes respiration characteristics in patients with systolic heart failure and central sleep apnoea: A SERVE‐Heart Failure substudy analysis
Authors: Javed Faizan , Tamisier Renaud , Pepin Jean‐Louis , Cowie Martin R. , Wegscheider Karl , Angermann Christiane , d'Ortho Marie‐Pia , Erdmann Erland , Simonds Anita K. , Somers Virend K. , Teschler Helmut , Levy Patrick , Armitstead Jeff , Woehrle Holger 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTBackground and objectiveIncreases in Cheyne–Stokes respiration (CSR) cycle length (CL), lung‐to‐periphery circulation time (LPCT) and time to peak flow (TTPF) may reflect impaired cardiac function. This retrospective analysis used an automatic algorithm to evaluate baseline CSR‐related features and then determined whether these could be used to identify patients with systolic heart failure (HF) who experienced serious adverse events in the Treatment of Sleep‐Disordered Breathing with Predominant Central Sleep Apnea by Adaptive Servo Ventilation in Patients with Heart Failure (SERVE‐HF) substudy.MethodsA total of 280 patients had overnight diagnostic polysomnography data available; an automated algorithm was applied to quantify CSR‐related features.ResultsMedian baseline CL, LPCT and TTPF were similar in the control (n = 152) and adaptive servo‐ventilation (ASV, n = 156) groups. In both groups, CSR‐related features were significantly longer in patients who did (n = 129) versus did not (n = 140) experience a primary endpoint event (all‐cause death, life‐saving cardiovascular intervention or unplanned hospitalization for worsening HF): CL, 61.1 versus 55.1 s (P = 0.002); LPCT, 36.5 versus 31.5 s (P < 0.001); TTPF, 15.20 versus 13.35 s (P < 0.001), respectively. This finding was independent of treatment allocation.ConclusionPatients with systolic HF and central sleep apnoea who experienced serious adverse events had longer CSR CL, LPCT and TTPF. Future studies should examine an independent role for CSR‐related features to enable risk stratification in systolic HF.
Early life risk factors for childhood obesity—Does physical activity modify the associations? The MoBa cohort study
Authors: Bernhardsen Guro Pauck , Stensrud Trine , Nystad Wenche , Dalene Knut Eirik , Kolle Elin , Ekelund Ulf 
Published: June 2019

ObjectivesHigh maternal pre‐pregnancy body mass index (BMI), high birth weight, and rapid infant weight gain are associated with increased risk of childhood obesity. We examined whether moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (MVPA) or vigorous physical activity (VPA) in 9‐ to 12‐year‐olds modified the associations between these early life risk factors and subsequent body composition and BMI.MethodsWe used data from a sub‐cohort of the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa), including 445 children with available data on accelerometer assessed physical activity (PA). All participants had data on BMI, 186 of them provided data on body composition (dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA)). We used multiple regression analyses to examine the modifying effect of PA by including interaction terms.ResultsMaternal pre‐pregnancy BMI and infant weight gain were more strongly related to childhood body composition in boys than in girls. Higher VPA attenuated the association between maternal pre‐pregnancy BMI and BMI in boys (low VPA: B = 0.32, 95% CI = 0.22, 0.41; high VPA B = 0.22, 95% CI = 0.12, 0.31). Birth weight was unrelated to childhood body composition, and there was no effect modification by PA. PA attenuated the associations between infant weight gain and childhood fat mass (low MVPA: B = 2.32, 95% CI = 0.48, 4.17; high MVPA: B = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.10, 1.90) and percent fat (low MVPA: B = 3.35, 95% CI = 0.56, 6.14; high MVPA: B = 1.41, 95% CI = −0.06, 2.87) in boys, but not girls.ConclusionFindings from this study suggest that MVPA and VPA may attenuate the increased risk of an unfavorable body composition and BMI due to high maternal pre‐pregnancy BMI and rapid infant weight gain in boys, but not in girls.
Equality, equity, or inequality duplication? How preschoolers distribute necessary and luxury resources between rich and poor others
Authors: Essler Samuel , Lepach Anja C. , Petermann Franz , Paulus Markus 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe present study investigated preschoolers' multiple sociomoral considerations (equality, equity, and perpetuating inequality) in a third‐party context of social inequality. Using a resource allocation task involving one wealthy and one poor character, we examined how 3–5‐year‐old children (N = 100) allocated either necessary (must‐have) or luxury (nice‐to‐have) resources. In addition, preschoolers' emotions, reasoning, and judgments were assessed. Results indicated that preschoolers distributing more resources to wealthy than poor others displayed a decision‐making pattern distinct from preschoolers allocating equally or equitably and largely matched the numeric proportions of the inequality in their allocations. In addition, preschoolers were sensitive to the differential implications of necessary and luxury resources, thereby considering others' needs in their moral decisions. Emotions were related to reasoning, but did not mediate the relationship between judgment and behavior. These findings demonstrate novel aspects of preschoolers' multifaceted moral considerations in the context of resource inequality.
Retrospective evaluation of factors influencing transfusion requirements and outcome in cats with pelvic injury (2009–2014): 122 cases
Authors: Gant Poppy , Asztalos Imola , Kulendra Elvin , Lee Karla , Humm Karen 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo characterize a population of cats with pelvic trauma and evaluate factors influencing transfusion requirement and outcome.DesignRetrospective case series (2009–2014).SettingUniversity teaching hospital.AnimalsOne hundred twelve client‐owned cats with pelvic trauma.InterventionsNone.Measurements and main resultsTwenty‐one (18.8%) cats received a transfusion. Most cats required only 1 fresh whole blood transfusion (85.8%). Packed cell volume at admission was significantly lower in cats that required transfusion but was not associated with hospitalization time or survival to discharge. Increasing Animal Trauma Triage (ATT) score at admission was significantly associated with transfusion requirement (P = 0.0001) and nonsurvival to discharge (P = 0.03). Number of pelvic fractures was not associated with transfusion requirement but cats with sacroiliac luxations and pubic fractures were more likely to require a transfusion (P = 0.0015 and P = 0.0026, respectively). However, fracture type was not associated with survival to discharge. Most cats (86%) required a surgical procedure and half of transfusions were administered preoperatively. No surgical comorbidities were associated with transfusion requirement or survival. Transfusion requirement was associated with longer length of hospitalization but not survival to discharge.ConclusionsTransfusion requirement in this population of cats with pelvic fractures was fairly high. Transfusion requirement was associated with lower packed cell volume, higher ATT score at admission, longer length of hospitalization, and certain types of pelvic fractures. Transfusion requirement was not associated with surgical comorbidities, surgical intervention, or survival to discharge. Lower ATT score at admission was associated with survival to discharge.
Fibronectin‐derived Epiviosamines enhance PDGF‐BB‐stimulated human dermal fibroblast migrationin vitroand granulation tissue formation in vivo
Authors: Prasad Atulya , Lin Fubao , Clark Richard A. F. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTFibronectin (FN) is a multimodular glycoprotein that is a critical component of the extracellular matrix (ECM) anlage during embryogenesis, morphogenesis, and wound repair. Our laboratory has previously described a family of FN‐derived peptides collectively called “epiviosamines” that enhance platelet‐derived growth factor‐BB (PDGF‐BB)‐driven tissue cell survival, speed burn healing, and reduce scarring. In this study, we used an agarose drop outmigration assay to report that epiviosamines can enhance PDGF‐BB‐stimulated adult human dermal fibroblast (AHDF) outmigration in a dose‐dependent manner. Furthermore, these peptides can, when delivered topically, stimulate granulation tissue formation in vivo. A thiol‐derivatized hyaluronan hydrogel cross‐linked with polyethyleneglycol diacrylate (PEGDA) was used to topically deliver a cyclized epiviosamine: cP12 and a cyclized engineered variant of cP12 termed cNP8 to porcine, full‐thickness, excisional wounds. Both cP12 and cNP8 exhibited dose‐dependent increases in granulation tissue formation at day 4, with 600 μM cNP8 significantly enhancing new granulation tissue compared to vehicle alone. In contrast to previous studies, this study suggests that epiviosamines can be used to increase granulation tissue formation without an exogenous supply of PDGF‐BB or any cell‐binding peptides. Thus, epiviosamine may be useful topically to increase granulation tissue formation in acute wounds.
Prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia (LUTS/BPH) in China: results from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study
Authors: Zhang Weiyu , Zhang Xiaopeng , Li Haibin , Wu Feng , Wang Huanrui , Zhao Meishan , Hu Hao , Xu Kexin 
Published: June 2019

ObjectiveRapid population ageing in China is increasing the prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia (LUTS/BPH) among older people. The associated economic burden is increasing as well. Relevant data from China are currently insufficient.DesignSecondary analysis of a cohort sample.SettingA nationally representative, cross-sectional survey—the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS)—was conducted in 2011 in mainland China.ParticipantsThe study included individuals in the community selected from CHARLS by multistage probability sampling. A total of 5888 participants aged 50 years and above were included.Outcome measuresSelf-reported morbid state was derived from a structured questionnaire. The weighted prevalence of LUTS/BPH was estimated and stratified by age group, marital status, education level, economic level, residential area and geographical region. Multivariable weighted logistic regression was used to examine the association of socioeconomic status with the odds of BPH.ResultsThe weighted overall prevalence of LUTS/BPH was 10.66% (95% CI 9.36 to 12.12). Among individuals aged over 70 years, the prevalence was 14.67% (95% CI 11.80 to 18.09) and it increased with ageing (p<0.05). The prevalence of LUTS/BPH among subjects residing in urban areas was higher (13.55%, 95% CI 10.95 to 16.64) than those living in rural areas (8.38%, 95% CI 6.90 to 10.15). The prevalence of LUTS/BPH was lowest in the South-Central and South-West regions and highest in the North-West region.ConclusionsWe found an increasing trend of prevalence of LUTS/BPH with ageing. It varied according to marital status, socioeconomic status and geographical region.
Predictors of an early death in patients diagnosed with colon cancer: a retrospective case–control study in the UK
Authors: Donnelly Conan , Hart Nigel , McCrorie Alan David , Donnelly Michael , Anderson Lesley , Ranaghan Lisa , Gavin Anna 
Published: June 2019

ObjectiveDespite considerable improvements, 5-year survival rates for colon cancer in the UK remain poor when compared with other socioeconomically similar countries. Variation in 5-year survival can be partly explained by higher rates of death within 3 months of diagnosis in the UK. This study investigated the characteristics of patients who died within 3 months of a diagnosis of colon cancer with the aim of identifying specific patient factors that can be addressed or accounted for to improve survival outcomes.DesignA retrospective case–control study design was applied with matching on age, sex and year diagnosed. Patient, disease, clinical and service characteristics of patients diagnosed with colon cancer in a UK region (2005–2010) who survived less than 3 months from diagnosis (cases) were compared with patients who survived between 6 and 36 months (controls). Patient and clinical data were sourced from general practice notes and hospital databases 1–3 years prediagnosis.ResultsBeing older (aged ≥78 years) and living in deprivation quintile 5 (OR=2.64, 95% CI 1.15 to 6.06), being unmarried and living alone (OR=1.64, 95% CI 1.07 to 2.50), being underweight compared with normal weight or obese (OR=3.99, 95% CI 1.14 to 14.0), and being older and living in a rural as opposed to urban area (OR=1.96, 95% CI 1.21 to 3.17) were all independent predictors of early death from colon cancer. Missing information was also associated with early death, including unknown stage, histological type and marital/accommodation status after accounting for other factors.ConclusionSeveral factors typically associated with social isolation were a recurring theme in patients who died early from colon cancer. This association is unexplained by clinical or diagnostic pathway characteristics. Socially isolated patients are a key target group to improve outcomes of the worst surviving patients, but further investigation is required to determine if being isolated itself is actually a cause of early death from colon cancer.