bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High Mobilities in Layered InSe Transistors with Indium‐Encapsulation‐Induced Surface Charge Doping
Authors: Li Mengjiao , Lin Che‐Yi , Yang Shih‐Hsien , Chang Yuan‐Ming , Chang Jen‐Kuei , Yang Feng‐Shou , Zhong Chaorong , Jian Wen‐Bin , Lien Chen‐Hsin , Ho Ching‐Hwa , Liu Heng‐Jui , Huang Rong , Li Wenwu , Lin Yen‐Fu , Chu Junhao 
Published: September 2018

AbstractTunability and stability in the electrical properties of 2D semiconductors pave the way for their practical applications in logic devices. A robust layered indium selenide (InSe) field‐effect transistor (FET) with superior controlled stability is demonstrated by depositing an indium (In) doping layer. The optimized InSe FETs deliver an unprecedented high electron mobility up to 3700 cm2 V−1 s−1 at room temperature, which can be retained with 60% after 1 month. Further insight into the evolution of the position of the Fermi level and the microscopic device structure with different In thicknesses demonstrates an enhanced electron‐doping behavior at the In/InSe interface. Furthermore, the contact resistance is also improved through the In insertion between InSe and Au electrodes, which coincides with the analysis of the low‐frequency noise. The carrier fluctuation is attributed to the dominance of the phonon scattering events, which agrees with the observation of the temperature‐dependent mobility. Finally, the flexible functionalities of the logic‐circuit applications, for instance, inverter and not‐and (NAND)/not‐or (NOR) gates, are determined with these surface‐doping InSe FETs, which establish a paradigm for 2D‐based materials to overcome the bottleneck in the development of electronic devices.
Organic Long‐Persistent Luminescence from a Flexible and Transparent Doped Polymer
Authors: Lin Zesen , Kabe Ryota , Nishimura Naohiro , Jinnai Kazuya , Adachi Chihaya 
Published: September 2018

AbstractLong‐persistent luminescence (LPL) materials have a wide range of applications, such as in architectural decorations, safety signs, watch dials, and glow‐in‐the‐dark toys. Present LPL materials based on inorganics must be processed into powders and blended with polymer matrices before use. However, micropowders of inorganic LPL materials show poor compatibility with common polymers, limiting the mechanical properties and transparency of the composites. Here, a polymer‐based organic LPL (OLPL) system that is flexible, transparent, and solution processable is reported. Following low‐power excitation at room temperature, this polymer‐based OLPL system exhibits LPL after phosphorescence from the donor.
All‐Inorganic CsPbBr3 Nanowire Based Plasmonic Lasers
Authors: Wu Zhiyong , Chen Jie , Mi Yang , Sui Xinyu , Zhang Shuai , Du Wenna , Wang Rui , Shi Jia , Wu Xianxin , Qiu Xiaohui , Qin Zhaozhao , Zhang Qing , Liu Xinfeng 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPlasmonic nanolaser holds great potential in breaking down the diffraction limit of conventional optics to the deep sub‐wavelength regime and in ultrafast lasing dynamics. However, plasmonic laser devices are constrained in practical applications due to their high cost and high thresholds. All‐inorganic cesium lead halide perovskites are promising solutions for their excellent optical gain properties and high emission efficiency. In this work, high‐quality single‐crystalline CsPbBr3 perovskite nanowires (NWs) are synthesized by chemical vapor deposition method. The plasmonic lasing is achieved from the CsPbBr3 nanowire based plasmonic devices with lasing threshold down to ≈6.5 µJ cm−2 at room temperature. The highly polarized emission parallel to nanowire axis and polarization‐sensitive pump response confirm the plasmonic characteristic in these devices. Furthermore, time‐resolved photoluminescence study suggests that the radiative recombination lifetime of CsPbBr3 NW is shortened by a factor of ≈6.14 due to Purcell effect. The lasing threshold of plasmonic device increases along with the nanowire length, indicating greater potential in small size and integration in plasmonic device than its photonic counterparts. The results not only provide a solution to fabricate low‐cost nanowire based plasmonic lasers, but also advocate the prospect of all‐inorganic perovskite nanowires as promising candidates in plasmonic‐based devices.
Metal‐Organic Framework Mediated Multifunctional Nanoplatforms for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Zeng Jin‐Yue , Wang Xiao‐Shuang , Song Wen‐Fang , Cheng Han , Zhang Xian‐Zheng 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn the past few years, metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) with high surface area, large pore volume, and tunable composition have attracted much research attention due to their applications in the fields of drug delivery and cancer treatment. In this review, the authors summarize the recent developments in the field of MOFs‐based multifunctional nanoplatforms for cancer therapy.
A New Version of the Lithium Ion Conducting Plastic Crystal Solid Electrolyte
Authors: Klein Iolanda S. , Zhao Zuofeng , Davidowski Stephen K. , Yarger Jeffery L. , Angell C. Austen 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPortable electronic devices are predominantly powered by lithium ion batteries in which the electrolyte is a liquid or gel of lithium salts dissolved in molecular solvents. There have been many attempts to replace the flammable liquid component of the electrolyte by alternative alkali metal transporting media, such as superionic crystals, alkali‐conducting glassy solids, ionic liquids, salt‐in‐molecular plastic crystal solvent, and salt‐in‐ionic plastic crystal solvents. Except for the first two of the above, which have their own problems, all the above have the disadvantage that the alkali cation is the least mobile of the ionic species due to its high charge/radius ratio. Here, some new, silylsulfate‐based are introduced. Members of the class of lithium ion conductor in which the alkali ion is the only cationic species present, and the salt itself is a plastic crystal, a solid in which the anion centers of mass are ordered, but the anion orientations are disordered and dynamic (best example NaCB9H10, see text). It is shown that depending on the nature of the anion, the conductivity may be within a factor of two of the standard liquid carbonate electrolyte. The soft, spreadable electrolyte, impregnated in Celgard separators, supports truly reversible Li insertion into the LiCoO2 cathode.
Fe/Co Double Hydroxide/Oxide Nanoparticles on N‐Doped CNTs as Highly Efficient Electrocatalyst for Rechargeable Liquid and Quasi‐Solid‐State Zinc–Air Batteries
Authors: Wu Mingjie , Wei Qiliang , Zhang Gaixia , Qiao Jinli , Wu Mingxing , Zhang Jihai , Gong Qiaojuan , Sun Shuhui 
Published: September 2018

AbstractOxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are the cornerstones of rechargeable zinc–air batteries (ZABs). The exploration and rational design of high‐performance, durable, and nonprecious metal bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts is highly desired for the large‐scale application of rechargeable ZABs. Herein, an effective and straightforward coupling approach is developed to fabricate high‐performance bifunctional ORR/OER electrocatalysts based on novel nanostructured amorphous bimetal Fe/Co hydroxide/oxide nanoparticles (10–20 nm) inlaid on multiwalled N‐dopted carbon nanotubes (FeCo‐DHO/NCNTs). Fe/Co nanoparticles achieve a maximum contact area on the NCNTs, effectively facilitating the rapid electron transport and preventing the aggregation of nanoparticles. Consequently, the as‐prepared FeCo‐DHO/NCNTs show a half‐wave potential of 0.86 V for ORR and a low operating potential of 1.55 V at 10 mA cm−2 for OER in 1.0 m KOH, superior to most bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts reported so far. Moreover, the assembled all‐solid‐state zinc–air batteries with FeCo‐DHO/NCNTs catalyst as the air electrode demonstrate remarkable stability over long‐term cycling and excellent charging–discharging performance, with a low voltage gap (1.085 V at 60 mA cm−2) and high energy efficiency (60% at 10 mA cm−2) under ambient conditions.
Pharmacophore Nanoarrays on DNA Origami Substrates as a Single‐Molecule Assay for Fragment‐Based Drug Discovery
Authors: Kielar Charlotte , Reddavide Francesco V. , Tubbenhauer Stefan , Cui Meiying , Xu Xiaodan , Grundmeier Guido , Zhang Yixin , Keller Adrian 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe rational combination of techniques from the fields of nanotechnology, single molecule detection, and lead discovery could provide elegant solutions to enhance the throughput of drug screening. We have synthesized nanoarrays of small pharmacophores on DNA origami substrates that are displayed either as individual ligands or as fragment pairs and thereby reduced the feature size by several orders of magnitude, as compared with standard microarray techniques. Atomic force microscopy‐based single‐molecule detection allowed us to distinguish potent protein–ligand interactions from weak binders. Several independent binding events, that is, strong, weak, symmetric bidentate, and asymmetric bidentate binding are directly visualized and evaluated. We apply this method to the discovery of bidentate trypsin binders based on benzamidine paired with aromatic fragments. Pairing of benzamidine with the dye TAMRA results in tenfold enhancement of the trypsin binding yield.
Faceted‐Charge Patchy LnF3 Nanocrystals with a Selective Solvent Interaction
Authors: Martínez‐Esaín Jordi , Puig Teresa , Obradors Xavier , Ros Josep , Yáñez Ramón , Faraudo Jordi , Ricart Susagna 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA fast and single‐step preparation of patchy LnF3 faceted‐charge nanocrystals are described. These hexagonal faceted nanocrystals allow the spontaneous selective adsorption of cations or anions in the different faces, producing stable and well‐defined patches of different charge. The mechanism for the formation of the patches and the properties of the obtained nanocrystals were characterized by a combination of experimental techniques and all‐atomic molecular dynamics simulations. The spontaneous dual‐charged surface as well as the luminescence effects that can be achieved by doping host–LaF3 systems make these new nanocrystals interesting both from a fundamental point of view and for a wide range of applications.
Chemotactic Micro‐ and Nanodevices
Authors: Plutnar Jan , Pumera Martin 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPreparation of autonomous chemotactic micro‐ and nanomachines represents one of the most difficult challenges of modern materials science. To construct a device mimicking the behavior of many microorganisms, which evolved their chemotactic abilities during the millennia of evolution, places extreme demands on the imagination and abilities of researchers. However, with the chemotactic devices in hand, many novel and interesting applications of micromachines could be implemented. The introduction of an autonomous navigation, independent of the external control with electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic field is crucial for applications in environmental remediation and might be advantageous in medical applications. This Minireview summarizes the development in the field of chemotactic micro‐ and nanomachines, describes the trends in their construction, and compares the different approaches to their construction considering the areas of possible application of the devices.
Breeding sites of a narrowly distributed amphibian, a key element in its conservation in the face of global change
Authors: Cobos Marlon E. , Alonso Bosch Roberto 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Global change processes (including climate change, sea‐level rise, and land‐use change, among others) represent significant threats to biodiversity. These changes are usually studied across broad areas, and understanding their effects on narrowly distributed endangered species is challenging. Peltophryne florentinoi is a critically endangered Cuban toad, restricted to two coastal localities and potentially threatened by these phenomena. Despite its endangered status, few analyses have focused on threats to its survival in the face of global change.
Current and future threats from global change to this species were evaluated using ecological niche modelling and multiscale geographic information system (GIS) approaches. Climate change effects were assessed by comparing the species niche with six future (2050) climate scenarios across its distribution area. Risks from sea‐level rise were evaluated by simulating potential coastal inundation under three scenarios of sea‐level rise. Recent land‐use changes were quantified using information on the loss of forest cover between 2000 and 2015.
Within the species distribution area, warmer and drier conditions can be expected in the future. Sea‐level rise will not have direct impacts on the species range; however, occasional inundations and saltwater intrusion may present additional stressors. Although only ~2% of the forest cover has been lost in the species range and its surroundings during 2000–2015, deforestation trends were variable during this period, and future losses in forest cover can be expected.
Considering these threats, and that the colonization of new areas seems unlikely, indirect and additive adverse effects on the species can be anticipated. These impacts will most probably be observed during the larval stage of this toad; hence, breeding sites constitute a key element in the conservation of this species. Long‐term studies and experimental manipulations may be the next steps towards a better understanding of the responses of P. florentinoi to expected changes. Initial conservation actions are proposed based on these results and the ecology of this species.
Recent Developments in Solid‐Phase Strategies towards Synthetic, Sequence‐Defined Macromolecules
Authors: Hill Stephen A. , Gerke Christoph , Hartmann Laura 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSequence‐control in synthetic polymers is an important contemporary research area because it provides the opportunity to create completely novel materials for structure–function studies. This is especially relevant for biomimetic polymers, bioactive and information security materials. The level of control is strongly dependent and inherent upon the polymerization technique utilized. Today, the most established method yielding monodispersity and monomer sequence‐definition is solid‐phase synthesis. This Focus Review highlights recent advances in solid‐phase strategies to access synthetic, sequence‐defined macromolecules. Alternatives strategies towards sequence‐defined macromolecules are also briefly summarized.
Radial Pole Paths SVSC for Linear Time Invariant Multi Input Systems with Constrained Inputs
Authors: Kaheni Mojtaba , Hadad Zarif Mohammed , Akbarzadeh Kalat Ali , Fadali Mohammed Sami 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn this article a novel soft variable structure control method is proposed to reduce the settling time of liner time‐invariant multi‐input systems with constrained inputs. The method is a generalized pole placement technique which extends the desired pole locations to radial pole paths to reduce settling time while satisfying input constraints. The control signal obtained by this method is soft and is therefore suited to industrial applications. The paper provides a test for the stability of the control system based on the multivariable circle criterion and the Kalman‐Yakubovich‐Popov lemma. Simulation results where the method is applied to an aviation example, and comparison with pole placement, demonstrate how the method significantly increases the speed of response in spite of the input constraints.
Near‐infrared emitting Ca5(PO4)3Cl:Eu2+,Nd3+ phosphor for modification of the solar spectrum
Authors: Tawalare P.K. , Bhatkar V.B. , Omanwar S.K. , Moharil S.V. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIntense near‐infrared (NIR) emitting phosphors Ca5(PO4)3Cl:Eu2+,Nd3+ were synthesized using a conventional solid‐state reaction method and characterized using X‐ray diffraction, reflectance, photoluminescence (PL) emission and PL excitation (PLE) spectroscopy, and PL lifetime measurements. The emission could be excited by broad band radiation in the nUV region as a consequence of Eu2+→Nd3+ energy transfer. The efficiency of Eu2+→Nd3+ energy transfer was as high as 80.8%. Two components observed in the decay curves could be identified with Eu2+ substituting different Ca2+ sites. Eu2+ lifetimes were shortened after Nd3+ doping. Near infra‐red emission intensity was limited by Nd3+→Nd3+ energy transfer and the consequent concentration quenching. The critical distance for Nd3+→Nd3+ energy transfer was estimated to be 11.41 Å. Absorption of nUV radiations followed by conversion to NIR indicated the potential application in solar photovoltaics.
Incidence of cardiovascular disease up to 13 year after cancer diagnosis: A matched cohort study among 32 757 cancer survivors
Authors: Schoormans Dounya , Vissers Pauline A. J. , van Herk‐Sukel Myrthe P. P. , Denollet Johan , Pedersen Susanne S. , Dalton Susanne O. , Rottmann Nina , van de Poll‐Franse Lonneke 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWe examined the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among 32 757 cancer survivors and age‐, gender‐, and geographically matched cancer‐free controls during a follow‐up period of 1‐13 years, and explored whetherCVD incidence differed by received cancer treatment, traditional cardiovascular risk factors, age, or gender. Adult 1‐year cancer survivors without a history ofCVD diagnosed with breast (n = 6762), prostate (n = 4504), non‐Hodgkin (n = 1553), Hodgkin (n = 173), lung and trachea (n = 2661), basal cell carcinoma (BCC; n = 12 476), and colorectal (n = 4628) cancer during 1999‐2011 were selected from the Netherlands Cancer Registry and matched to cancer‐free controls without a history ofCVD. Drug dispenses and hospitalizations from thePHARMO Database Network were used as proxy forCVD. Data were analyzed using Cox regression analyses. Prostate (HR: 1.17; 95%CI: 1.01‐1.35) and lung and trachea (HR: 1.48; 95%CI: 1.10‐1.97) cancer survivors had an increased risk for developingCVD compared to cancer‐free controls. This increased risk among lung and trachea cancer survivors remained statistically significant after including traditional cardiovascular risk factors and cancer treatment information (HR: 1.41; 95%CI: 1.06‐1.89). Among prostate cancer survivors, the increased risk of incidentCVD was limited to those who received hormones and those without traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Breast, non‐Hodgkin,BCC, and colorectal cancer survivors showed no increasedCVD risk compared to cancer‐free controls. There was an increased risk of incidentCVD among prostate, and lung and trachea cancer survivors compared to age‐, gender‐ and geographically matched cancer‐free controls. Studies including longer follow‐up periods are warranted to examine whether cancer survivors are at increased risk of long‐term incidentCVD.
Bacterial Cell‐Surface Display of Semisynthetic Cyclic Peptides
Authors: Palei Shubhendu , Becher Kira S. , Nienberg Christian , Jose Joachim , Mootz Henning D. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSemisynthetic cyclic peptides containing both non‐proteinogenic building blocks, as the synthetic part, and a genetically encoded sequence amenable to DNA‐based randomization hold great potential to expand the chemical space in the quest for novel bioactive peptides. Key to an efficient selection of novel binders to biomacromolecules is a robust method to link their genotype and phenotype. A novel bacterial cell surface display technology has been developed to present cyclic peptides composed of synthetic and genetically encoded fragments in their backbones. The fragments were combined by protein trans‐splicing and intramolecular oxime ligation. To this end, a split intein half and an unnatural amino acid were displayed with the genetically encoded part on the surface of Escherichia coli. Addition of the synthetic fragment equipped with the split intein partner and an aminooxy moiety, as well as the application of a pH‐shift protocol, resulted in the onsurface formation of the semisynthetic cyclic peptide. This approach will serve for the generation of cyclic peptide libraries suitable for selection by fluorescence‐activated cell sorting, and more generally enables chemical modification of proteins on the bacterial surface.
Structural and Electronic Responses to the Three Redox Levels of Fe(NO)N2S2‐Fe(NO)2
Authors: Ghosh Pokhraj , Ding Shengda , Quiroz Manuel , Bhuvanesh Nattamai , Hsieh Chung‐Hung , Palacios Philip M. , Pierce Brad S. , Darensbourg Marcetta Y. , Hall Michael B. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe nitrosylated diiron complexes, Fe2(NO)3, of this study are interpreted as a mono‐nitrosyl Fe(NO) unit, MNIU, within an N2S2 ligand field that serves as a metallodithiolate ligand to a dinitrosyl iron unit, DNIU. The cationic Fe(NO)N2S2⋅Fe(NO)2+ complex, 1+, of Enemark–Feltham electronic notation {Fe(NO)}7‐{Fe(NO)2}9, is readily obtained via myriad synthetic routes, and shown to be spin coupled and diamagnetic. Its singly and doubly reduced forms, {Fe(NO)}7‐{Fe(NO)2}10, 10, and {Fe(NO)}8‐{Fe(NO)2}10, 1−, were isolated and characterized. While structural parameters of the DNIU are largely unaffected by redox levels, the MNIU readily responds; the neutral, S=
, complex, 10, finds the extra electron density added into the DNIU affects the adjacent MNIU as seen by the decrease its Fe‐N‐O angle (from 171° to 149°). In contrast, addition of the second electron, now into the MNIU, returns the Fe‐N‐O angle to 171° in 1−. Compensating shifts in FeMNIU distances from the N2S2 plane (from 0.518 to 0.551 to 0.851 Å) contribute to the stability of the bimetallic complex. These features are addressed by computational studies which indicate that the MNIU in 1− is a triplet‐state {Fe(NO)}8 with strong spin polarization in the more linear FeNO unit. Magnetic susceptibility and parallel mode EPR results are consistent with the triplet state assignment.
Visible‐Light‐Mediated Liberation and In Situ Conversion of Fluorophosgene
Authors: Petzold Daniel , Nitschke Philipp , Brandl Fabian , Scheidler Veronica , Dick Bernhard , Gschwind Ruth M. , König Burkhard 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe first example for the photocatalytic generation of a highly electrophilic intermediate that is not based on radical reactivity is reported. The single‐electron reduction of bench‐stable and commercially available 4‐(trifluoromethoxy)benzonitrile by an organic photosensitizer leads to its fragmentation into fluorophosgene and benzonitrile. The in situ generated fluorophosgene was used for the preparation of carbonates, carbamates, and urea derivatives in moderate to excellent yields via an intramolecular cyclization reaction. Transient spectroscopic investigations suggest the formation of a catalyst charge‐transfer complex‐dimer as the catalytic active species. Fluorophosgene as a highly reactive intermediate, was indirectly detected via its next downstream carbonyl fluoride intermediate by NMR. Furthermore, detailed NMR analyses provided a comprehensive reaction mechanism including a water dependent off‐cycle equilibrium.
A New Phosphine‐Amine‐Oxazoline Ligand for Ru‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of N‐Phosphinylimines
Authors: Ma Xiaochen , Qiao Lin , Liu Guixia , Huang Zheng 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA series of chiral phosphine‐amine‐oxazoline (PAO) ligands with an NH moiety were synthesized and applied to the ruthenium‐catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of N‐phosphinylimines. The ligand bearing phenyl groups at the phosphorus moiety and isopropyl at the oxazoline moiety exhibits good activity and excellent enantioselectivity (up to 99% ee). This catalytic system provides an efficient and mild approach to access enantioriched amines.