bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Silver‐Catalyzed Sequential Cascade Reaction of Isocyanides with 1‐(2‐Ethynyl‐phenyl)‐prop‐2‐yn‐1‐ol: Access to Benzo[b]fluorenes and Benzofuran‐Pyrroles
Authors: Liu Jian‐Quan , Chen Xinyi , Shen Xuanyu , Wang Yihan , Wang Xiang‐Shan , Bi Xihe 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA silver‐catalyzed cycloaromatization of 1‐(2‐ethynyl‐phenyl)‐prop‐2‐yn‐1‐ol with isocyanides efficiently provides benzo[b]fluorene and benzofuran‐pyrrole derivatives through a modular cascade reaction that includes a nucleophilic attack on the diyne substrate. A C−C cross‐coupling/oxygen transportation/Diels‐Alder/hydrogen shift/isomerization cascade mechanistic pathway is proposed.magnified image
Gene Silencing via PDA/ERK2‐siRNA‐Mediated Electrospun Fibers for Peritendinous Antiadhesion
Authors: Liu Shen , Wu Fei , Gu Shanshan , Wu Tianyi , Chen Shun , Chen Shuai , Wang Chongyang , Huang Guanlan , Jin Tuo , Cui Wenguo , Sarmento Bruno , Deng Lianfu , Fan Cunyi 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSustained delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) is a challenge in gene silencing for managing gene‐related disorders. Although nanoparticle‐mediated electrospun fibers enable sustainable gene silencing, low efficiency, loss of biological activity, toxicity issues, and complex electrospinning techniques are all bottlenecks of these systems. Preventing peritendinous adhesion is crucial for their successful use, which involves blocking cellular signaling via physical barriers. Here, a multifunctional, yet structurally simple, cationic 2,6‐pyridinedicarboxaldehyde‐polyethylenimine (PDA)‐mediated extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK)2‐siRNA polymeric delivery system is reported, in the form of peritendinous antiadhesion electrospun poly‐l‐lactic acid/hyaluronan membranes (P/H), with the ability to perform sustained release of bioactive siRNA for long‐term prevention of adhesions and ERK2 silencing. After 4 days of culture, the cell area and proliferation rate of chicken embryonic fibroblasts on siRNA+PDA+P/H membrane are significantly less than those on P/H and siRNA+P/H membranes. The in vivo results of average optical density of collagen type III (Col III) and gene expression of ERK2 and its downstream SMAD3 in the siRNA+PDA+P/H group are less than those of P/H and siRNA+P/H groups. Consequently, siRNA+PDA+P/H electrospun membrane can protect the bioactivity of ERK2‐siRNA and release it in a sustained manner. Moreover, adhesion formation is inhibited by reducing fibroblast proliferation and Col III deposition, and downregulating ERK2 and its downstream SMAD3.
Reference values for selected hematological, biochemical and physiological parameters of Sprague‐Dawley rats at the Animal House, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka
Authors: Delwatta Shehani L. , Gunatilake Mangala , Baumans Vera , Seneviratne Melanie D. , Dissanayaka Manjula L. B. , Batagoda Siyani S. , Udagedara Asanga H. , Walpola Prasad B. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundLack of available reference values in a research setting under local conditions can be a drawback for beginners, as the accuracy of data from control samples cannot be checked at the beginning of a research project. This affects comparisons with data from test samples. To avoid these complications in their research projects, beginners tend to have a greater number of animals in the control group compared to test groups in order to have control group measurements within 2 SDs of the mean.MethodsAs non‐availability of reference values was a long‐felt need, the described project was conducted in order to establish a reference database for selected haematological, biochemical and physiological parameters using apparently healthy Sprague‐Dawley rats bred in the Animal House of Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo (UCFM).ResultsDifferences in mean values of packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), serum creatinine and blood glucose levels between the two genders were statistically significant. Lipid profile measurements did not differ significantly between genders, but mean and median values of triglycerides (TG) between male and female rats showed a difference of more than 10 mg/dL. The liver enzymes alkaline phosphatase (AP) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were also statistically significantly different between sexes. Despite wide variation in mean alanine aminotransferase (ALT) between sexes, the difference was not statistically significant.ConclusionThe findings of this project should support to a certain extent the “Reduction” aspect of the 3Rs concept of Russell and Burch by reducing the number of Sprague‐Dawley rats used in future research projects at UCFM.
Protic and Aprotic Ionic Liquids in Combination with Hard Carbon for Lithium‐Ion and Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Arnaiz María , Huang Peihua , Ajuria Jon , Rojo Teófilo , Goikolea Eider , Balducci Andrea 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided in collaboration of the Supercapacitors Research Line from CICenergiGUNE and the Institute for Technical Chemistry and Environmental Chemistry and the Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena) of the Friedrich‐Schiller‐University Jena. The Front Cover illustrates a battery based on a combination of an olive pit derived hard carbon with different ionic liquids studied for both, lithium‐ion and sodium‐ion battery technologies. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/batt.201800073.
Factors contributing to disparities in mortality among patients with non–small‐cell lung cancer
Authors: Mehta Anish J. , Stock Shannon , Gray Stacy W. , Nerenz David R. , Ayanian John Z. , Keating Nancy L. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractHistorically, non–small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who are non‐white, have low incomes, low educational attainment, and non‐private insurance have worse survival. We assessed whether differences in survival were attributable to sociodemographic factors, clinical characteristics at diagnosis, or treatments received. We surveyed a multiregional cohort of patients diagnosed with NSCLC from 2003 to 2005 and followed through 2012. We used Cox proportional hazard analyses to estimate the risk of death associated with race/ethnicity, annual income, educational attainment, and insurance status, unadjusted and sequentially adjusting for sociodemographic factors, clinical characteristics, and receipt of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Of 3250 patients, 64% were white, 16% black, 7% Hispanic, and 7% Asian; 36% of patients had incomes <$20 000/y; 23% had not completed high school; and 74% had non‐private insurance. In unadjusted analyses, black race, Hispanic ethnicity, income <$60 000/y, not attending college, and not having private insurance were all associated with an increased risk of mortality. Black‐white differences were not statistically significant after adjustment for sociodemographic factors, although patients with patients without a high school diploma and patients with incomes <$40 000/y continued to have an increased risk of mortality. Differences by educational attainment were not statistically significant after adjustment for clinical characteristics. Differences by income were not statistically significant after adjustment for clinical characteristics and treatments. Clinical characteristics and treatments received primarily contributed to mortality disparities by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status in patients with NSCLC. Additional efforts are needed to assure timely diagnosis and use of effective treatment to lessen these disparities.
Percutaneous patent foramen ovale closure using the Occlutech Figulla device: More than 1,300 patient‐years of follow up
Authors: Snijder Roel J. R. , Renes Laura E. , Suttorp Maarten Jan , ten Berg Jurrien M. , Post Martijn C. 
Published: November 2018

ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of the Occlutech patent foramen ovale (PFO) device at long‐term follow‐up (FU).BackgroundThe Occlutech device has been proven safe and effective six‐months after percutaneous PFO closure. We describe the safety and efficacy after more than 1,300 patient‐years of FU.MethodsAll consecutive patients who underwent PFO closure between October 2008 and December 2015 were included. All complications were registered. Residual right‐to‐left shunt (RLS) was diagnosed using contrast transthoracic echocardiography and graded as minimal, moderate, or severe.ResultsIn total, 250 patients (mean age 53.5 ± 10.7 years, 46.8% female) underwent percutaneous PFO closure using the Occlutech device. Mean FU was 5.9 ± 1.8 years, a total of 1,345 patient‐years. Transient ischemic attack (TIA) or stroke was the main indication for closure (89.6%). Implantation was successful in 100%, no major complications occurred. Minor complications were inguinal hematoma in 16 patients (6.4%), pericardial effusion without the need for intervention in one patient (0.4%) and a supraventricular tachycardia in one patient (0.4%). A moderate or large shunt at one‐year follow up was present in 5.9%. A cerebrovascular vascular event occurred in 2.0% at 1‐year FU (four TIA, one stroke) and in 7.4% at long‐term FU (nine TIA, eight stroke). The total cerebrovascular event rate (TIA and CVA) was 0.02% per patient‐year of FU, with a stroke rate of 0.01%.ConclusionThe Occlutech device appears to be safe at long‐term FU with a very low annual cerebrovascular event rate and a low moderate to large shunt rate at 1‐year FU.
Long‐term outcomes of melody valve‐in‐valve implantation for bioprosthetic mitral valve dysfunction
Authors: Joseph Timothy A. , Eleid Mackram F. , Cabalka Allison K. , Maalouf Joseph F. , Rihal Charanjit S. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectivesThis study reports long‐term outcomes percutaneous Melody valve (Medtronic, Minneapolis, Minnesota) valve‐in‐valve therapy in patients with prosthetic valve dysfunction.BackgroundRepeat valve surgery is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Transcatheter mitral valve‐in‐valve is a promising alternative in patients at high‐risk for cardiac surgery.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of 13 patients who underwent Melody valve‐in‐valve for bioprosthetic dysfunction from July 2011 to October 2013.ResultsMean age was 74.4 years, 46% male, and STS score 13.5 ± 6.8%. All patients had NYHA class 3 or 4 symptoms with improvement to class 1 or 2 in 82% post procedure. Median follow‐up was 4.5 years with longest follow‐up of 5.5 years. Thirty‐day mortality was 15.4% with 1‐year mortality of 25% and no other reported deaths until 4.5 years. 76.9% of patients had mitral gradient of 5 mmHg or less immediately postprocedure. One patient required repeat valve procedure for structural deterioration at 4.4 years. At 1, 3, and 5 year follow‐ups 75% of patients were NYHA class 1 or 2, mean gradients were 4.5 ± 0.6, 6.8 ± 0.5, and 7.5 ± 0.7, respectively. Using 4‐point scale, mitral regurgitation postprocedure was 0.8 ± 0.6. At 1, 3, and 5 years this increased to 1.0 ± 1.1, 1.3 ± 1.3, and 2.5 ± 2.1, respectively.ConclusionsMelody valve‐in‐valve therapy was effective with 1‐year symptomatic improvement. Prosthesis deterioration requiring repeat intervention was observed in one patient. Larger cohorts with multicenter registries are needed to determine the role of this percutaneous valve‐in‐valve therapy as valve technology and procedural techniques improve.
Complication of solar branding: Report of a case and the review of the literature
Authors: Asif Mohammed , Quiroga Luis , Sabo Anthony , Caffrey Julie 
Published: November 2018

Key Clinical MessageBranding is a type of scarification, a body modification that permanently transforms the skin by causing a visible scar. For centuries, it has been used on the skin of animals and slaves as well as criminals to convey ownership and also as a proof of guilt. More recently (in the 20th and 21st centuries), branding has become a symbol of personal identity, rites of passage, spiritual beliefs, and body decoration in some particular microcultures. Different means have been classically used to perform the desired branding designs including electrocautery, laser, chemicals, freezing, or a heated metal stencil. Solar branding is a new concept that involves using a focusing lens and a light source, usually the sunlight, to induce thermal injury. It is an emerging technique to perform body modifications and tattooing. As with other types of branding, solar branding also has its complications which may require surgical excision and grafting. We present a case of an acute skin infection following solar branding body modification, which to our knowledge is the first case reported in the literature.
Superior vena cava obstruction post laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A case report
Authors: Mungazi Simbarashe Gift , Gwini Rudo , Magara Munyaradzi S 
Published: November 2018

Key Clinical MessageClinicians should have a high index of suspicion of superior vena cava obstruction in a patient presenting with painful lateral neck and ipsilateral chest swelling post laparoscopic procedures. High doses of Clexane can be used as a substitute for thrombolytic therapy where it is contraindicated.
Advanced ZnSnS3@rGO Anode Material for Superior Sodium‐Ion and Lithium‐Ion Storage with Ultralong Cycle Life
Authors: Jia Hao , Dirican Mahmut , Sun Na , Chen Chen , Yan Chaoyi , Zhu Pei , Dong Xia , Du Zhuang , Cheng Hui , Guo Jiansheng , Zhang Xiangwu 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA novel and facile approach has been utilized to synthesize zinc tin sulfide@reduced graphene oxide (ZnSnS3@rGO) through aqueous reaction of Na2SnO3 and Zn(CH3COO)2, combined with a subsequent solvothermal reaction and an annealing process. The as‐prepared ZnSnS3@rGO nanocomposite exhibited an excellent sodium‐ and lithium‐ion‐storage performance with large specific capacity, high rate capability, and ultralong cycle life. When used in Na‐ion cells, the ZnSnS3@rGO nanocomposite delivered a capacity of 472.2 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1 and retained a specific capacity of 401.2 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles. In Li‐ion cells, the ZnSnS3@rGO nanocomposite delivered a capacity of 959.2 mAh g−1 at a current density of 100 mA g−1 and maintained a specific capacity of 551.3 mAh g−1 at a high current density of 1 A g−1 upon 500 cycles. The electrochemical performance results reveal that the integration of uniformly dispersed metal elements and an interconnected carbon matrix could help release the stress of volumetric excursion and provide fast electron/ion transport, leading to a remarkable electrochemical performance.
Loudspeaker triplet selection based on low distortion within head for multichannel conversion of smart 3D home theater
Authors: Li Dengshi , Hu Ruimin , Wang Xiaochen , Tu Weiping 
Published: November 2018

SummaryIn recent years, with the vigorous development of 3D film industry, the demand for 3D Smart Home Theater, based on Internet of Things (IoT), continues to grow. Theaters are populated with a large number of loudspeakers for more realistic 3D sound effects. However the number of loudspeakers in home is limited. Therefore, multichannel conversion is required to achieve theater 3D sound effects in home. Traditionally, the replaced loudspeaker signal of the original system is assigned to a “loudspeaker triplet” of the converted system. A large amount of subjective evaluations is necessary to judge the consistency of the replaced loudspeaker position with the “phantom source” positions reconstructed by loudspeaker triplets. In this study, after calculating the least‐squares errors of the reproduced sound field within a given region, we explore the constraint between the low distortion of the reproduced sound field and the loudspeaker triplet positions. Using this constraint rule, we present a new loudspeaker triplet selection criteria that can greatly reduce the number and time of subjective evaluations for selecting the optimal loudspeaker triplet. Simulation and subjective evaluation experiments indicate that the proposed selection method outperforms the traditional method, and that the proposed method can be successfully applied to multichannel conversion.
Direct Growth of MoO2/Reduced Graphene Oxide Hollow Sphere Composites as Advanced Anode Materials for Potassium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Liu Cailing , Luo Shaohua , Huang Hongbo , Zhai Yuchun , Wang Zhaowen 
Published: November 2018

AbstractHollow MoO2/reduced graphene oxide (MoO2/rGO) sub‐microsphere composites have been fabricated through a simple hydrothermal approach followed by a heat treatment process. When employed as an anode material for potassium‐ion batteries, the as‐synthesized MoO2/rGO composite can deliver an initial charge specific capacity of 367.2 mAh g−1 at 50 mA g−1, and its reversible capacity is 218.9 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles. Even when cycled at 500 mA g−1, a high charge specific capacity of 104.2 mAh g−1 is achieved after 500 cycles. The excellent cycling capability and rate performance may be ascribed to the synergistic effects of the reduced graphene oxide and the hollow MoO2 spheres, which can increase the electrical conductivity of the composite, as well as resisting the strain arising from the repeated discharge–charge processes. These results indicate that the MoO2/rGO hollow sphere composites are promising negative electrode materials for potassium‐ion batteries.
The diagnostic value of parathyroid hormone washout in primary hyperparathyroidism patients with negative or equivocal 99 m Tc‐MIBI results
Authors: Aydın Cevdet , Polat Sefika Burcak , Dellal Fatma Dilek , Kaya Cafer , Dogan Hayriye Tatlı , Turkolmez Seyda , Kılıç Mehmet , Ersoy Reyhan , Çakır Bekir 
Published: November 2018

Background and objectivesThe accurate identification of hyper functioning parathyroid gland is needed for definitive surgical treatment in primary hyperparathyroidism. Ultrasonography and 99mTechnetium sestamibi scintigraphy are the two most used methods with varying sensitivities. This study aimed to assess the value of parathyroid hormone (PTH) assay in preoperative ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration (FNA)‐PTH washout fluid to verify the correct localisation of lesions with negative or inconclusive scintigraphy results.MethodsWe evaluated data of 28 lesions in 21 patients who underwent US‐guided parathyroid fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) with PTH washout, retrospectively. The PTH washout results and the reports of parathyroid surgery and imaging studies were reviewed.ResultsOf operated 28 lesions 23 had positive and 5 had negative washout results. The median FNA‐PTH washout was 2315.5 pg/ ml (min–max: 12.3‐6978 pg/ ml). The calculated sensitivity of FNA‐PTH washout was 85.7% and the specifity was 28.6%. The positive and negative predictive values were 78.3% and 40.0%, respectively.ConclusionsFNA‐PTH can be used to establish the nature of the lesion, discriminate parathyroid gland from thyroid lesions or cervical lymph nodes, improving the surgical outcomes. It can be used to localise parathyroid lesions preoperatively when negative or discordant ultrasound and scintigraphy findings are obtained.
Cadherin‐7 mediates proper neural crest cell–placodal neuron interactions during trigeminal ganglion assembly
Authors: Wu Chyong‐Yi , Taneyhill Lisa A. 
Published: November 2018

SummaryThe cranial trigeminal ganglia play a vital role in the peripheral nervous system through their relay of sensory information from the vertebrate head to the brain. These ganglia are generated from the intermixing and coalescence of two distinct cell populations: cranial neural crest cells and placodal neurons. Trigeminal ganglion assembly requires the formation of cadherin‐based adherens junctions within the neural crest cell and placodal neuron populations; however, the molecular composition of these adherens junctions is still unknown. Herein, we aimed to define the spatio‐temporal expression pattern and function of Cadherin‐7 during early chick trigeminal ganglion formation. Our data reveal that Cadherin‐7 is expressed exclusively in migratory cranial neural crest cells and is absent from trigeminal neurons. Using molecular perturbation experiments, we demonstrate that modulation of Cadherin‐7 in neural crest cells influences trigeminal ganglion assembly, including the organization of neural crest cells and placodal neurons within the ganglionic anlage. Moreover, alterations in Cadherin‐7 levels lead to changes in the morphology of trigeminal neurons. Taken together, these findings provide additional insight into the role of cadherin‐based adhesion in trigeminal ganglion formation, and, more broadly, the molecular mechanisms that orchestrate the cellular interactions essential for cranial gangliogenesis.
Decreasing brown bear (Ursus arctos) habitat due to climate change in Central Asia and the Asian Highlands
Authors: Su Junhu , Aryal Achyut , Hegab Ibrahim M. , Shrestha Uttam Babu , Coogan Sean C. P. , Sathyakumar Sambandam , Dalannast Munkhnast , Dou Zhigang , Suo Yila , Dabu Xilite , Fu Hongyan , Wu Liji , Ji Weihong 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAround the world, climate change has impacted many species. In this study, we used bioclimatic variables and biophysical layers of Central Asia and the Asian Highlands combined with presence data of brown bear (Ursus arctos) to understand their current distribution and predict their future distribution under the current rate of climate change. Our bioclimatic model showed that the current suitable habitat of brown bear encompasses 3,430,493 km2 in the study area, the majority of which (>65%) located in China. Our analyses demonstrated that suitable habitat will be reduced by 11% (378,861.30 km2) across Central Asia and the Asian Highlands by 2,050 due to climate change, predominantly (>90%) due to the changes in temperature and precipitation. The spatially averaged mean annual temperature of brown bear habitat is currently −1.2°C and predicted to increase to 1.6°C by 2,050. Mean annual precipitation in brown bear habitats is predicted to increase by 13% (from 406 to 459 mm) by 2,050. Such changes in two critical climatic variables may significantly affect the brown bear distribution, ethological repertoires, and physiological processes, which may increase their risk of extirpation in some areas. Approximately 32% (1,124,330 km2) of the total suitable habitat falls within protected areas, which was predicted to reduce to 1,103,912 km2 (1.8% loss) by 2,050. Future loss of suitable habitats inside the protected areas may force brown bears to move outside the protected areas thereby increasing their risk of mortality. Therefore, more protected areas should be established in the suitable brown bear habitats in future to sustain populations in this region. Furthermore, development of corridors is needed to connect habitats between protected areas of different countries in Central Asia. Such practices will facilitate climate migration and connectivity among populations and movement between and within countries.