bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UTILIZAÇÃO DE TECNOLOGIAS DIGITAIS NA SALA DE AULA NO 1.º CICLO DO ENSINO BÁSICO E A TRANSFORMAÇÃO DIGITAL DOS PROFESSORES
Authors: Baptista Carla , Fernandes Preciosa , Monteiro Angélica Maria Reis 
Published: November 2024

São imensos os desafios que, na contemporaneidade, se colocam à educação escolar, designadamente os decorrentes das constantes transformações inerentes à contínua e inevitável evolução tecnológica. Foi no quadro destes desafios, e do pressuposto de que a integração das Tecnologias Digitais (TD) na educação escolar potencia uma reconfiguração na forma de pensar e de agir dos alunos e dos professores, que se desenvolveu o presente estudo. Este teve como objetivos: compreender como estão a ser utilizadas as TD na sala de aula do 1º CEB; identificar efeitos da integração das TD nos processos de ensino-aprendizagem e identificar a importância que os professores atribuem à formação em TD.
Os dados foram recolhidos: através do acompanhamento/observação participante das práticas curriculares de três professores do 1.º CEB, de uma escola do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico, de um Agrupamento de Escolas da região do Grande Porto, Portugal; de entrevistas semiestruturadas e de focus group com a totalidade dos professores do 1.º CEB da escola onde se realizou o estudo.
Globalmente, os resultados sugerem que os professores reconhecem a utilização das TD como uma mais-valia na sua ação educativa sobretudo pela possibilidade de criação de ambientes de aprendizagem mais envolventes, pelo enriquecimento das experiências dos alunos, assim como pela expansão das colaborações e conexões entre professores e alunos. Em termos concretos, os dados não evidenciam uma clara relação entre essa utilização das TD e os processos de ensino-aprendizagem. Isto é, constatou-se que a utilização das TD em sala de aula se faz mais frequentemente como meio de apoio ao trabalho dos professores, do que como recurso ao serviço da melhoria das aprendizagens dos alunos. Os professores argumentam a falta de tempo e sentimentos de insegurança na utilização dessas ferramenta como os maiores constrangimentos e reconhecem ser relevante terem formação contínua no domínio das TD.
Design requirements of a spectropolarimeter for solar extreme-ultraviolet observations and characterization of a K-mirror based on Brewster’s angle
Authors: Khan Raveena , Dharmadhikari Radhika , Mathur Harsh , Nagaraju K. , Jain Sinchana R. , Phanindra D. V. S. , Sagayanathan K. 
Published: November 2024

Measuring the linear polarization signal in extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) spectral lines, produced by the Hanle effect, offers a promising technique for studying magnetic fields in the solar corona. The required signal-to-noise ratio for detecting the Hanle polarization signals is on the order of 101 (off-limb) to 106 (disk center). Measuring such low signals in the photon starved observations demands highly efficient instruments. In this paper, we present the design of an instrument, SpectroPOLarimeter for Extreme-ultraviolet Observations (SPOLEO), which utilizes reflective components with suitable mirror coatings and thicknesses to minimize the throughput losses. We analyze the system performance within the spectral range from 740 to 800 Å. The K-mirror-based polarimeter model provides a polarizing power of 20%–40% in this wavelength range. Based on the system throughput and polarizing power, we discuss various possibilities for achieving the required signal-to-noise ratio, along with their limitations. Due to lack of facilities for fabrication and testing in the EUV, we have calibrated a prototype of the reflection-based polarimeter setup in the laboratory at the visible wavelength of 700 nm.
Development of an automated artificial intelligence-based system for urogenital schistosomiasis diagnosis using digital image analysis techniques and a robotized microscope
Authors: Rubio Maturana Carles , Dantas de Oliveira Allisson , Zarzuela Francesc , Ruiz Edurne , Sulleiro Elena , Mediavilla Alejandro , Martínez-Vallejo Patricia , Nadal Sergi , Pumarola Tomàs , López-Codina Daniel , Abelló Alberto , Sayrol Elisa , Joseph-Munné Joan 
Published: November 2024

Background
Urogenital schistosomiasis is considered a Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD) by the World Health Organization (WHO). It is estimated to affect 150 million people worldwide, with a high relevance in resource-poor settings of the African continent. The gold-standard diagnosis is still direct observation of Schistosoma haematobium eggs in urine samples by optical microscopy. Novel diagnostic techniques based on digital image analysis by Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools are a suitable alternative for schistosomiasis diagnosis.

Methodology
Digital images of 24 urine sediment samples were acquired in non-endemic settings. S. haematobium eggs were manually labeled in digital images by laboratory professionals and used for training YOLOv5 and YOLOv8 models, which would achieve automatic detection and localization of the eggs. Urine sediment images were also employed to perform binary classification of images to detect erythrocytes/leukocytes with the MobileNetv3Large, EfficientNetv2, and NasNetLarge models. A robotized microscope system was employed to automatically move the slide through the X-Y axis and to auto-focus the sample.

Results
A total number of 1189 labels were annotated in 1017 digital images from urine sediment samples. YOLOv5x training demonstrated a 99.3% precision, 99.4% recall, 99.3% F-score, and 99.4% mAP0.5 for S. haematobium detection. NasNetLarge has an 85.6% accuracy for erythrocyte/leukocyte detection with the test dataset. Convolutional neural network training and comparison demonstrated that YOLOv5x for the detection of eggs and NasNetLarge for the binary image classification to detect erythrocytes/leukocytes were the best options for our digital image database.

Conclusions
The development of low-cost novel diagnostic techniques based on the detection and identification of S. haematobium eggs in urine by AI tools would be a suitable alternative to conventional microscopy in non-endemic settings. This technical proof-of-principle study allows laying the basis for improving the system, and optimizing its implementation in the laboratories.
TCF4 promotes apoptosis and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in acute kidney injury via transcriptional regulation of COX7A2L
Authors: Xi Minhui , Lu Jingyuan , Qi Hualin 
Published: November 2024

Background
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is still a serious kidney illness with high morbidity and death rates, and it’s crucial to comprehend the underlying molecular causes.

Methods
Bioinformatics analysis was performed on GSE139061 and GSE30718 data sets, and COX7A2L was screened out. The role of COX7A2L in H/R-treated cells and its transcriptional regulation with TCF4 were assessed. In vitro experiments analyzed the regulation of COX7A2L and TCF4 on the proliferation, apoptosis, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway of H/R-treated cells.

Results
COX7A2L as a hub gene was downregulated in AKI samples. In H/R-treated cells, COX7A2L overexpression inhibited apoptosis and promoted cell proliferation, while COX7A2L knockdown promoted apoptosis and inhibited cell proliferation. Notably, TCF4 exhibited a significant positive correlation with COX7A2L. TCF4 overexpression-induced apoptosis was lessened and improved cell proliferation was countered by COX7A2L knockdown, according to rescue study findings. Besides, we discovered that TCF4 overexpression increased the expression of proteins linked to the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway (c-myc, β-catenin, and cyclin D1), while underexpression of COX7A2L counteracted this effect.

Conclusion
The study revealed the pivotal role of COX7A2L in AKI, which is regulated by TCF4 and modulates the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target.
Flow characterization and structural alterations in Ahmed glaucoma FP7 tubes after in-vitro aging in silicone oil
Authors: Taha Abu Tahir , Clarke Matthew , Wabl Chiara , Han Ying , Brodie Frank 
Published: November 2024

Purpose
Patients with intraocular silicone oil (SO) display higher odds of surgical failure after Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation compared to patients without SO. However, the structural impact of SO exposure on silicone-made AGV tubes and the resulting changes in flow rate remain unexplored. This in-vitro study evaluated changes in tube dimensions and flow rates of AGV FP7 tubes after SO exposure to inform clinicians how such changes may impact AGV functionality.

Methods
AGV FP7 tube segments underwent accelerated aging to approximate 90 days of exposure to the following media: Balanced Salt Solution (BSS), 1000 centistokes (cs) SO, and 5000cs SO. Tube dimensions were measured before and after aging. A constant gravity flow test setup was created to measure flow rates through tubes before and after aging. The students’ T-test was used to compare the mean change between groups post-aging.

Results
Post-exposure, 1000cs and 5000cs SO tube segments increased in length by 5.94% and 5.55%, respectively, compared to 0.38% of BSS tubes (P < 0.05 for both). The inner lumen area expanded for tube segments in 1000cs and 5000cs SO by 11.75% and 2.70%, respectively, but contracted for tubes in BSS by -2.70% (P < 0.01 and P = 0.068 for 1000cs and 5000cs SO, respectively). Post aging, the flow rates increased on average by 61.0% and 98.6% for 1000cs and 5000cs SO, respectively, whereas flow rates for BSS tube segments slightly decreased by -4.92%. The difference was statistically significant for BSS vs. SO groups (P < 0.01 for both).

Conclusions
Prolonged exposure to SO structurally altered the AGV FP7 tube segments by expanding their cross-sectional area, potentially leading to increased flow rates. These results may inform clinicians about potential in-vivo interactions in patients with the simultaneous presence of glaucoma drainage devices and intraocular SO.
The prospective impact of extradyadic stress on depressive symptoms and the mediating role of intradyadic stress in parents–an actor-partner interdependence mediation model
Authors: Böhlmann Paula , Mack Judith T. , Weise Victoria , Seefeld Lara , Bodenmann Guy , Zietlow Anna-Lena , Garthus-Niegel Susan 
Published: November 2024

Background
Stress outside of the couple relationship (extradyadic stress) can spill over into the couple relationship, increasing stress between the partners (intradyadic stress). Extra- and intradyadic stress are furthermore associated with depressive symptoms. Due to the interdependence of romantic partners, this study aimed to investigate the influence of the person’s own and their partner’s extra- and intradyadic stress on the person’s depressive symptoms in parents of toddlers. The second aim was to evaluate whether intradyadic stress mediates the within-person and between-partner association between extradyadic stress and depressive symptoms.

Methods
Longitudinal data of a community sample of 878 opposite-sex couples, participating in the prospective cohort study DREAM, were collected two and three years after birth. Extra- and intradyadic stress were assessed by the Multidimensional Stress Questionnaire for Couples and depressive symptoms were assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. An actor-partner interdependence mediation model was applied to the data, while controlling for the confounder academic degree.

Results
The person’s own extradyadic stress predicted their depressive symptoms one year later, partially mediated by their intradyadic stress. The partner’s extradyadic stress and the person’s own depressive symptoms one year later were only indirectly associated through the person’s own intradyadic stress. In a sensitivity analysis, between-partner effects were no longer significant after including autoregressive pathways.

Conclusion
Our findings highlight the importance of the extradyadic–intradyadic stress spillover for the mental health of women and men with young children. Early targeted interventions could help to prevent later depressive symptoms by reducing stress inside the couple relationship that results from both partners’ stress from outside the couple relationship.
Oxygen supplementation and cognitive function in long-COVID
Authors: Gagnon Christine , Vincent Thomas , Bherer Louis , Gayda Mathieu , Cloutier Simon-Olivier , Nozza Anna , Guertin Marie-Claude , Blaise Patricia , Cloutier Isabelle , Kamada Alan , Glezer Stanislav , Denault André , Tardif Jean-Claude 
Published: November 2024

Background
Patients can experience persistent cognitive complaints and deficits in long-COVID. Inflammation and capillary damage may contribute to symptoms by interfering with tissue oxygenation.

Methods
This was an exploratory pilot crossover study designed to describe the effects of supplemental oxygen (portable oxygen concentrator, POC) on cognitive performance and peripheral and cerebral oxygen saturation at rest and exercise. Participants with long-COVID (n = 21) were randomized 1:1 to: 1) POC (3h/day) for 2 weeks followed by standard of care (Control) for 2 weeks or 2) Control for 2 weeks then POC (3h/day) for 2 weeks, with a 1-week washout. Cognitive assessment (global cognition [Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA], episodic memory [Hopkins], working memory [Digit Span], executive function [Verbal fluency]) was performed at baseline and after each treatment period. Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 were completed. Peripheral and cerebral oxygen saturation were measured at rest and exercise (treadmill) at baseline and after each treatment period. Statistical analyses were descriptive without formal testing.

Results
MoCA scores were similar under POC (26.45±2.31) and Control (26.37±2.85); overall POC-Control difference was -0.090 (95% CI [-1.031, 0.850]). Because of a learning effect, post-hoc analyses were performed for Period 1, where the MoCA score difference was 1.705 [0.140, 3.271]. MoCA subscores suggested better performance with POC for Visuospatial/executive (0.618 [-0.106, 1.342]) and Attention (0.975 [0.207, 1.743]). POC trended to have better scores on Digit Span backward (difference: 0.822 [-0.067, 1.711]) and self-reported depressive symptoms (difference: -1.335 [-3.166, 0.495]). For specific PHQ-9 items, POC tended to have lower (better) scores for Q1 (Little interest/pleasure) and Q7 (Trouble concentrating). Cerebral oxygen saturations at end of exercise showed no difference between POC and Control. Peripheral saturations during exercise were similar under POC and Control (difference: 0.519% [-1.675, 2.714]).

Conclusion
An advantage of POC over Control was observed for global cognition, attention, visuospatial/executive performance and depressive symptoms. Results need to be validated in a larger study.
Cross-sectional study on urinary metal concentrations in young adult residents of Emirate of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
Authors: Masarani Asmaa , Khaled Raghad , Hussein Bdour , Alhammadi Huda , Al-Ali Salma , Kinbaz Yahya , Mohammad Zadeh Shima A. , Shousha Tamer , Mousa Mouath , Hassanein Mai M. , Semreen Mohammad , Semerjian Lucy , Abass Khaled 
Published: November 2024

Background
Human biomonitoring is crucial for regulatory toxicology, yet data on biomarker concentrations in the UAE are lacking. This study addresses this gap by analyzing urinary concentrations of 16 metals in UAE young adults, assessing correlations with personal characteristics, dietary patterns, and lifestyle habits.

Methods
A cross-sectional pilot study was conducted among 144 randomly selected young adults (71 males and 73 females) from Sharjah, UAE, between January and March 2023. Participants provided urine samples, which were analyzed for 16 heavy metals using ICP-OES, and completed detailed questionnaires covering sociodemographic factors, lifestyle, and dietary habits. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize participant characteristics, and linear regression analysis was applied to explore associations between metal concentrations and factors such as gender, dietary habits, and exposure to environmental risks. Non-parametric tests, including the Mann-Whitney test, were used to assess differences by gender. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Ethical approval was obtained, and informed consent was secured before participation

Results
Significant findings include dietary influences on metal exposure, with rice consumption linked to higher metal concentrations. Sex differences were significant, with females showing elevated levels of arsenic, lead, and cadmium. Lifestyle factors, such as smoking and incense use, were correlated with increased barium and boron levels.

Conclusion
This study highlights the significant role of dietary habits, especially the consumption of rice, in metal exposure among young adults in Sharjah. The findings highlight the urgent need for comprehensive human biomonitoring to understand environmental exposures and reform public health policies. The gender-specific differences in metal distribution suggest the necessity for targeted public health strategies. The study, however, is limited by its cross-sectional nature and the focus on a specific geographic area, warranting further research for broader generalizability. Future investigations, particularly on the impact of incense exposure on metal levels, are essential for developing comprehensive health interventions and preventive strategies in the UAE.
Hands Up Program: Results of a feasibility study of a randomized controlled trial of a bone health exercise and education program for adults aged 50–65 post distal radius fracture
Authors: Ziebart Christina , MacDermid Joy , Bryant Dianne , Szekeres Mike , Suh Nina 
Published: November 2024

Purpose
Distal radius fractures (DRF) that occur from a fall from level ground are considered fragility fractures and may be the first indication that someone has compromised bone mineral density and is at risk of having osteoporosis. Women at about 50 years of age experience a dramatic increase risk of these fractures. Rehabilitation after DRF focuses on restoring range of motion and strength in the wrist, but rarely address future bone health concerns. We developed a 6-week therapist-developed remote full body exercise and osteoporosis/bone-health education program (called The Hands Up Program). This study was designed to evaluate the feasibility of a larger trial examining the effects of a whole-body exercise and education program for people 50–65 after a DRF.

Methods
Community dwelling individuals between the age of 50–65 with a radiographically confirmed DRF were recruited from the Roth| McFarlane Hand and Upper Limb Center in London, Ontario. Participants were randomized in a 1:1 ratio into either the Hands Up Program which was a twice weekly exercise and education program for 6 weeks, or the control group where they proceeded with usual care. The intervention was delivered online through a website where participants created a unique username and password to access. The primary feasibility outcomes of the study were recruitment rate (74 participants in 1 year), retention rate (75% completion), and intervention adherence rate (60% of completion of the exercise program). Secondary outcomes included strength, range of motion, self-reported outcomes, and bone density.

Results
Overall, 74 participants were recruited in 14 months. Retention did not meet the criteria for success, as only 53% of the participants attended their 12-month visit. Adherence was also not met albeit close with 55% completing the exercise program. Twelve participants withdrew from the study, five due to the time commitment, four without explanation, one due to group allocation, one due to COVID and one participant moved. One participant was deemed ineligible after consent. Four of the participants that withdrew were in the intervention group, and four in the control group, five participants withdrew before they were allocated to a group. Feedback from patients indicated potential improvements to the program: lower assessment burden, spacing out the intervention so that the education portion could be delivered during the immobilization phase of recovery, and creating a more individualized program.

Conclusion
Adherence and retention were both a challenge, although adherence was close to target. While achieving adherence to exercise in bone health is a known challenge, given the importance of prevention in the at-risk DRF population and the challenges in co-design and delivery during the pandemic, we believe evaluation of a revitalized program is warranted.
The School Years Screening Test for Evaluation of Mental Status-Revised (SYSTEMS-R) as a cognitive function screening tool in children with epilepsy
Authors: Urfianty Urfianty , Pusponegoro Hardiono Djuned , Alatas Fatima Safira , Soebadi Amanda , Ramli Yetty 
Published: November 2024

Background Children with epilepsy are at high risk of cognitive impairment that can affect quality of life. Intelligence quotient (IQ) measurement using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) is the gold standard test of cognitive function, but it is time-consuming and costly. The School Years Screening Test for Evaluation of Mental Status-Revised (SYSTEMS-R) is a potential cognitive function screening tool that can be used in children with epilepsy.
Objective To assess the performance of SYSTEMS-R as a cognitive function screening tool in children aged 6-15 years with epilepsy.
Methods This cross-sectional diagnostic test study was conducted in children aged 6-15 years with epilepsy. All subjects were assessed using both SYSTEMS-R and WISC 4th edition. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, likelihood ratios of the positive and negative tests, and accuracy of SYSTEMS-R was calculated, with WISC as the gold standard test.
Results Based on the SYSTEMS-R, the prevalence of cognitive impairment in children aged 6-15 years with epilepsy in our population was 86.4%. With WISC as the gold SYSTEMS-R had 84% sensitivity, 91% specificity, 98% positive predictive value, and 47% negative predictive value. The likelihood ratio of a positive SYSTEMS-R test was 10.11 and the likelihood ratio of a negative test was 0.17. The overall accuracy of SYSTEMS-R to detect cognitive impairment was 85%.
Conclusion SYSTEMS-R has good sensitivity and specificity to assess cognitive function in children 6-15 years with epilepsy. It can be considered for widespread use in the early detection of cognitive impairment in pediatric epilepsy patients aged 6-15 years.
Measurement of leak volume as a diagnostic predictor of post-extubation stridor in pediatric patients
Authors: Jetanachai Pravit , Pojthaveekiet Jariya 
Published: November 2024

Background Endotracheal intubation can cause post-extubation stridor (PES). The PES may prolong the length of stay in the hospital and be associated with increased morbidity and mortality, particularly if re-intubation is necessary. The leak volume (LV) test is a simple method to detect airway edema.
Objective To evaluate the efficacy of LV and percent leak volume (PLV) in predicting PES.
Methods Inspired tidal volume (VTi) and expired tidal volume (VTe) were observed for six respiratory cycles during positive pressure ventilation before extubation. The average of the six VTi and six VTe values were recorded. The LV was the difference between average VTi and average VTe. The conversion of the ratio of LV to average VTi into percentage was defined as PLV. Both LV and PLV were analyzed to determine cut-off values in predicting PES.
Results Among 77 patients, 39 patients (50.6%) developed PES. Both LV and PLV showed a significant decrease in patients with PES.The ROC analysis showed that LV at a cut-off point of < 18.34 ml gave a sensitivity of 82.1% and specificity of 57.9%, whereas PLV < 13.83% yielded 79.5% sensitivity and 57.9% specificity for predicting PES. The LV and PLV had an area under the ROC curve of 0.770 (95%CI 0.665 to 0.874; P<0.001) and 0.706 (95%CI 0.59 to 0.821; P=0.01) respectively.
Conclusion Leak volume and percent leak volume can be used as markers to predict PES in pediatric patients.