bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Redshift of the BL Lac Object TXS 0506+056
Authors: Paiano Simona , Falomo Renato , Treves Aldo , Scarpa Riccardo 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The bright BL Lac object TXS 0506+056 is the most likely counterpart of the IceCube neutrino event EHE 170922A. The lack of this redshift prevents a comprehensive understanding of the modeling of the source. We present high signal-to-noise optical spectroscopy, in the range 4100–9000 Å, obtained at the 10.4 m Gran Telescopio Canarias. The spectrum is characterized by a power-law continuum and is marked by faint interstellar features. In the regions unaffected by these features, we found three very weak (EW ∼ 0.1 Å) emission lines that we identify with [O ii] 3727 Å, [O iii] 5007 Å, and [N ii] 6583 Å, yielding the redshift z = 0.3365 ± 0.0010.
HLA Class II–Triggered Signaling Cascades Cause Endothelial Cell Proliferation and Migration: Relevance to Antibody-Mediated Transplant Rejection
Authors: Jin Yi-Ping , Valenzuela Nicole M. , Zhang Xiaohai , Rozengurt Enrique , Reed Elaine F. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractTransplant recipients developing donor-specific HLA class II (HLA-II) Abs are at higher risk for Ab-mediated rejection (AMR) and transplant vasculopathy. To understand how HLA-II Abs cause AMR and transplant vasculopathy, we determined the signaling events triggered in vascular endothelial cells (EC) following Ab ligation of HLA-II molecules. HLA-II expression in EC was induced by adenoviral vector expression of CIITA or by pretreatment with TNF-α/IFN-γ. Ab ligation of class II stimulated EC proliferation and migration. Class II Ab also induced activation of key signaling nodes Src, focal adhesion kinase, PI3K, and ERK that regulated downstream targets of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway Akt, p70 ribosomal S6 kinase, and S6 ribosomal protein. Pharmacological inhibitors and small interfering RNA showed the protein kinases Src, focal adhesion kinase, PI3K/Akt, and MEK/ERK regulate class II Ab-stimulated cell proliferation and migration. Treatment with rapalogs for 2 h did not affect HLA-II Ab-induced phosphorylation of ERK; instead, mTOR complex (mTORC)1 targets were dependent on activation of ERK. Importantly, suppression of mTORC2 for 24 h with rapamycin or everolimus or treatment with mTOR active-site inhibitors enhanced HLA-II Ab-stimulated phosphorylation of ERK. Furthermore, knockdown of Rictor with small interfering RNA caused overactivation of ERK while abolishing phosphorylation of Akt Ser473 induced by class II Ab. These data are different from HLA class I Ab-induced activation of ERK, which is mTORC2-dependent. Our results identify a complex signaling network triggered by HLA-II Ab in EC and indicate that combined ERK and mTORC2 inhibitors may be required to achieve optimal efficacy in controlling HLA-II Ab-mediated AMR.
Cutting Edge: A New Player in the Alternative Complement Pathway, MASP-1 Is Essential for LPS-Induced, but Not for Zymosan-Induced, Alternative Pathway Activation
Authors: Paréj Katalin , Kocsis Andrea , Enyingi Csenge , Dani Ráhel , Oroszlán Gábor , Beinrohr László , Dobó József , Závodszky Péter , Pál Gábor , Gál Péter 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The complement system is a sophisticated network of proteases. In this article, we describe an unexpected link between two linear activation routes of the complement system: the lectin pathway (LP) and the alternative pathway (AP). Mannose-lectin binding–associated serine protease (MASP)-1 is known to be the initiator protease of the LP. Using a specific and potent inhibitor of MASP-1, SGMI-1, as well as other MASP-1 inhibitors with different mechanisms of action, we demonstrated that, in addition to its functions in the LP, MASP-1 is essential for bacterial LPS-induced AP activation, whereas it has little effect on zymosan-induced AP activation. We have shown that MASP-1 inhibition prevents AP activation, as well as attenuates the already initiated AP activity on the LPS surface. This newly recognized function of MASP-1 can be important for the defense against certain bacterial infections. Our results also emphasize that the mechanism of AP activation depends on the activator surface.
Patient’s Expectation and Perception for Preorthodontic Treatment Consultation: A Study in a Dental School
Authors: Suntornlohanakul Supanee , Thearmontree Angkana , Attaveerapat Pittchaya 
Published: February 2018

ObjectivesThe aim of the study is to explore the desired expectation (DE), adequate expectation (AE), zone of tolerance (ZoT), and perceived level (PL) from the patients attending a preorthodontic treatment consultation at Orthodontic Clinic, Dental School, Prince of Songkla University, Thailand.Materials and MethodsA total of 170 patients aged 15 years and older were asked to express their DE and AE before the consultation and to give their PL after the consultation. Two sets of questionnaires were used in this study. The first set was designed to gain data regarding general information and the measured level of expectation. The second set was used to measure the PL of patients after the preorthodontic consultation. Both questionnaires contained four dimensions of the service: Dentist’s courtesy, dentist’s care and examination, dentist’s communication, and convenience of the services.ResultsThe communication dimension especially information regarding the orthodontic treatment need got rather low PL compared to others.ConclusionThe information regarding the orthodontic treatment need was the main item that patients need to receive in the consultation.
Rubén reescribe su vida: autobiografía, crónicas, autoficción… o de cómo pasar a la posteridad
Authors: Caballero Wangüemert María 
Published: February 2018

Como pone de manifiesto el título de mi trabajo, y fiel a la idea de que la biografía de un escritor, más que con su biología o los hechos que le acaecieron, descansa en sus textos, estudiaré las páginas autobiográficas complementándolas y contrastándolas con Historia de mis libros, El oro de Mallorca, ciertos versos de la segunda época y algunas crónicas. De la conjunción de todo deberá extraerse una autobiografía más completa y fidedigna del genio modernista y padre de la modernidad.
Home-School Communication Practices in Primary Schools in Kenya
Authors: Nyatuka Benard Omenge , Lemmer Eleanor Maud 
Published: February 2018

Effective two-way communication between the parents and schools is crucial in realizing meaningful learning among children. However, home-school communication was reported to be poor, especially among primary schools in Kakamega County, Kenya. Thus, this study sought to ascertain the effectiveness of family-school communication practices in these schools. A literature review concerning family-school communication and interviews were conducted. Twelve parents, thirteen Parent Teacher Association (PTA) chairpersons and ten District Quality Assurance and Standards Officers (DQASOs), as being information-rich informants, were purposively sampled for the interviews. Semi-structured individual interviews, guided by interview schedules were used. The presentation of the relevant data was done in a narrative format substantiated by verbatim quotations. The findings revealed inadequacies in as far as home-school communication was concerned. It was established that the family-school communication practices in the county were largely ineffective. The findings could be used to improve practice with intent to enhance meaningful learning among the children.
The Literary Contexts and Early Transmission of the Latin Life of Judas
Authors: Hawk Brandon W. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The apocryphal legend known as the Life of Judas developed in the twelfth century, and soon after became a popular medieval text, included in Jacobus de Voragine's Golden Legend and translated into many vernacular languages. While most studies of this tradition examine later versions, this article focuses on the earliest surviving Latin Life in Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, lat. 14489. The article argues for situating this apocryphon among preaching exempla, which also developed in the twelfth century. Understanding the Life in the contexts of such preaching texts allows for new ways to interpret the framing of the Latin apocryphon with biblical material at the beginning and conclusion, as well as to identify literary parallels that speak to the early transmission of this text. These associations reveal that the Life emerged within more general developments as religious literature brought together intellectual and popular culture in the high Middle Ages.
The world fauna of Synchroidae Lacordaire, 1859 (Coleoptera, Tenebrionoidea, Synchroidae)
Authors: Hsiao Yun , Konvička Ondřej , Ko Chiun-Cheng 
Published: February 2018

Synchroidae Lacordaire, 1859 is a taxonomically and biologically poorly known group. In the present paper, diagnostic characters used to separate genera are analysed and the phylogenetic relationships within this family are preliminarily investigated. Results suggest that the characteristic Synchroa pangu Hsiao, Li, Liu & Pang, 2016 can be removed to establish a new genus, Thescelosynchroa gen. nov. The new combination, T. pangu (Hsiao, Li, Liu & Pang) gen. et comb. nov., is proposed. The definitions of Synchroa Newman, 1838 and Synchroina Fairmaire, 1898 are revised. Moreover, morphological analysis and character comparison also suggest that the familial placement of Mallodrya subaenea Horn, 1888 is questionable. Six species are re-examined and re-diagnosed: Synchroa chinensis Nikitsky, 1999, S. elongatula Nikitsky, 1999, S. formosana Hsiao, 2015, S. melanotoides Lewis, 1895, S. punctata Newman, 1838 and Synchroina tenuipennis Fairmaire, 1898. The male of S. chinensis and the female of S. formosana are described for the first time. Synchroa elongatula and Synchroina tenuipennis are newly recorded from Laos and Indonesia, respectively. We also hypothesize that the Eastern Asian-North American disjunction of Synchroa could be connected to a Mid-Late Tertiary migration of plants via the Bering Land Bridge.
A new ICA-based fingerprint method for the automatic removal of physiological artifacts from EEG recordings
Authors: Tamburro Gabriella , Fiedler Patrique , Stone David , Haueisen Jens , Comani Silvia 
Published: February 2018

Background
EEG may be affected by artefacts hindering the analysis of brain signals. Data-driven methods like independent component analysis (ICA) are successful approaches to remove artefacts from the EEG. However, the ICA-based methods developed so far are often affected by limitations, such as: the need for visual inspection of the separated independent components (subjectivity problem) and, in some cases, for the independent and simultaneous recording of the inspected artefacts to identify the artefactual independent components; a potentially heavy manipulation of the EEG signals; the use of linear classification methods; the use of simulated artefacts to validate the methods; no testing in dry electrode or high-density EEG datasets; applications limited to specific conditions and electrode layouts.

Methods
Our fingerprint method automatically identifies EEG ICs containing eyeblinks, eye movements, myogenic artefacts and cardiac interference by evaluating 14 temporal, spatial, spectral, and statistical features composing the IC fingerprint. Sixty-two real EEG datasets containing cued artefacts are recorded with wet and dry electrodes (128 wet and 97 dry channels). For each artefact, 10 nonlinear SVM classifiers are trained on fingerprints of expert-classified ICs. Training groups include randomly chosen wet and dry datasets decomposed in 80 ICs. The classifiers are tested on the IC-fingerprints of different datasets decomposed into 20, 50, or 80 ICs. The SVM performance is assessed in terms of accuracy, False Omission Rate (FOR), Hit Rate (HR), False Alarm Rate (FAR), and sensitivity (p). For each artefact, the quality of the artefact-free EEG reconstructed using the classification of the best SVM is assessed by visual inspection and SNR.

Results
The best SVM classifier for each artefact type achieved average accuracy of 1 (eyeblink), 0.98 (cardiac interference), and 0.97 (eye movement and myogenic artefact). Average classification sensitivity (p) was 1 (eyeblink), 0.997 (myogenic artefact), 0.98 (eye movement), and 0.48 (cardiac interference). Average artefact reduction ranged from a maximum of 82% for eyeblinks to a minimum of 33% for cardiac interference, depending on the effectiveness of the proposed method and the amplitude of the removed artefact. The performance of the SVM classifiers did not depend on the electrode type, whereas it was better for lower decomposition levels (50 and 20 ICs).

Discussion
Apart from cardiac interference, SVM performance and average artefact reduction indicate that the fingerprint method has an excellent overall performance in the automatic detection of eyeblinks, eye movements and myogenic artefacts, which is comparable to that of existing methods. Being also independent from simultaneous artefact recording, electrode number, type and layout, and decomposition level, the proposed fingerprint method can have useful applications in clinical and experimental EEG settings.
Excessive Afforestation and Soil Drying on China's Loess Plateau
Authors: Zhang Shulei , Yang Dawen , Yang Yuting , Piao Shilong , Yang Hanbo , Lei Huimin , Fu Bojie 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAfforestation and deforestation as human disturbances to vegetation have profound impacts on ecohydrological processes influencing both water and carbon cycles and ecosystem sustainability. Since 1999, large‐scale revegetation activities such as “Grain‐to‐Green Program” have been implemented across China's Loess Plateau. However, negative ecohydrological consequences, including streamflow decline and soil drying have emerged. Here we estimate the equilibrium vegetation cover over the Loess Plateau based on an ecohydrological model and assess the water balance under the equilibrium and actual vegetation cover over the past decade. Results show that the current vegetation cover (0.48 on average) has already exceeded the climate‐defined equilibrium vegetation cover (0.43 on average) in many parts of the Loess Plateau, especially in the middle‐to‐east regions. This indicates a widespread overplanting, which is found to primarily responsible for soil drying in the area. Additionally, both the equilibrium vegetation cover and soil moisture tend to decrease under future (i.e., 2011–2050) climate scenarios due to declined atmospheric water supply (i.e., precipitation) and increased atmospheric water demand (i.e., potential evapotranspiration). Our findings suggest that further revegetation on the Loess Plateau should be applied with caution. To maintain a sustainable ecohydrological environment in the region, a revegetation threshold is urgently needed to guide future revegetation activities.
Rational Design of Nanosized Light Elements for Hydrogen Storage: Classes, Synthesis, Characterization, and Properties
Authors: Lai Qiwen , Wang Ting , Sun Yahui , Aguey‐Zinsou Kondo‐François 
Published: February 2018

AbstractHydrogen is often considered as a technology for the future owing to the limitations of current hydrogen storage materials in powering fuel cell vehicles. However, with the first hydrogen vehicles on the road and the need for better energy storage systems to back up the increasing penetration of renewables, hydrogen‐based technologies will undoubtedly play an ever‐increasing role in future energy schemes. To support the uptake of hydrogen, the challenge is to design better materials than the ones currently available. This means materials capable of reversible hydrogen uptake and release close to the ambient and with a storage capacity approaching 10 wt%. To date, materials with high hydrogen capacity are known but the lack of approaches to fully control the properties of these materials toward the targets for practical application still remains the drawback. In this context, the approach of particle size reduction or nanosizing has recently emerged as a potential mean to gain full control over the properties of high capacity hydride materials. This review aims to summarize current understanding toward the synthesis of nanomaterials and the potential of current knowledge to aid with the synthesis of nanosized hydrides with properties that can ultimately enable hydrogen storage at the ambient.
Iron and infection: An investigation of the optimal iron hypothesis in Lima, Peru
Authors: Dorsey Achsah F. , Thompson Amanda L. , Kleinman Ronald E. , Duggan Christopher P. , Penny Mary E. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractObjectivesThis article explores the optimal iron hypothesis through secondary data analysis of the association between hemoglobin levels and morbidity among children living in Canto Grande, a peri‐urban community located on the outskirts of Lima, Peru.MethodsRisk ratios were used to test whether lower iron status, assessed using the HemoCue B‐Hemoglobin System, was associated with an increased relative risk of morbidity symptoms compared to iron replete status, controlling for infant age, sex, weight for height z‐score, maternal education, and repeated measures in 515 infants aged 6‐12 months.ResultsInfants with fewer current respiratory and diarrheal morbidity symptoms had a lower risk of low iron deficiency compared to participants who were iron replete (P < .10). Infants with fewer current respiratory infection symptoms had a statistically significant (P < .05) reduction in risk of moderate iron deficiency compared to infants who were iron replete.ConclusionIn this study, morbidity status was not predictive of iron deficient status over a six‐month interval period, but nonreplete iron status was shown to be associated with current morbidity symptoms. These results support investigating iron status as an allostatic system that responds to infection adaptively, rather than expecting an optimal preinfection value.
Chiroptical spectroscopy and metabolomics for blood‐based sensing of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Habartová Lucie , Bunganič Bohuš , Tatarkovič Michal , Zavoral Miroslav , Vondroušová Jana , Syslová Kamila , Setnička Vladimír 
Published: February 2018

AbstractTo enable the early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, the search for and definition of reliable biomarkers remain a subject of great interest, with the specificity and sensitivity of the currently used biomarkers being below the required values. We tested a novel diagnostic approach for pancreatic cancer based on the specific molecular signature of blood plasma components. To acquire more detailed structural information, structure‐sensitive chiroptical methods (electronic circular dichroism and Raman optical activity) were supplemented by conventional Raman and infrared spectroscopies. The obtained spectra were subsequently processed by linear discriminant analysis yielding high values of specificity and sensitivity. In addition, to monitor not only large biomolecules as potential biomarkers but also those of low molecular weight, we conducted an analysis of blood plasma samples by using metabolomics. The achieved results suggest a panel of promising biomarkers for a reliable detection of pancreatic cancer.
Enrichment of Methylated Peptides Using an Antibody‐free Approach for Global Methylproteomics Analysis
Authors: Wang Keyun , Ye Mingliang 
Published: February 2018

AbstractProtein methylation is receiving increasing attention for its important role in regulating diverse biological processes, including epigenetic regulation of gene transcription, RNA processing, DNA damage repair, and signal transduction. Proteome level analysis of protein methylation requires the enrichment of various forms of methylated peptides. Unfortunately, immunoaffinity purification can only enrich a subset of them due to the lack of pan‐specific antibodies. Chromatography‐based methods, however, can enrich methylated peptides in a global manner. Here we present a chromatography‐based approach for highly efficient enrichment of methylated peptides. Protocols for the of high pH SCXtip preparation and methyl‐peptide purification are described in detail. Key points such as cell culture in hM‐SILAC medium and protein digestion by multiple endopeptidases are also presented. This technique allows the simultaneous analysis of both lysine and arginine methylation and improved performance for methyl‐arginine identification. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Phenotypic integration and the evolution of signal repertoires: A case study of treefrog acoustic communication
Authors: Reichert Michael S. , Höbel Gerlinde 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAnimal signals are inherently complex phenotypes with many interacting parts combining to elicit responses from receivers. The pattern of interrelationships between signal components reflects the extent to which each component is expressed, and responds to selection, either in concert with or independently of others. Furthermore, many species have complex repertoires consisting of multiple signal types used in different contexts, and common morphological and physiological constraints may result in interrelationships extending across the multiple signals in species’ repertoires. The evolutionary significance of interrelationships between signal traits can be explored within the framework of phenotypic integration, which offers a suite of quantitative techniques to characterize complex phenotypes. In particular, these techniques allow for the assessment of modularity and integration, which describe, respectively, the extent to which sets of traits covary either independently or jointly. Although signal and repertoire complexity are thought to be major drivers of diversification and social evolution, few studies have explicitly measured the phenotypic integration of signals to investigate the evolution of diverse communication systems. We applied methods from phenotypic integration studies to quantify integration in the two primary vocalization types (advertisement and aggressive calls) in the treefrogsHyla versicolor,Hyla cinerea,andDendropsophus ebraccatus. We recorded male calls and calculated standardized phenotypic variance–covariance (P) matrices for characteristics within and across call types. We found significant integration across call types, but the strength of integration varied by species and corresponded with the acoustic similarity of the call types within each species.H. versicolorhad the most modular advertisement and aggressive calls and the least acoustically similar call types. Additionally,Pwas robust to changing social competition levels inH. versicolor. Our findings suggest new directions in animal communication research in which the complex relationships among the traits of multiple signals are a key consideration for understanding signal evolution.
A high‐frequency trade execution model for supervised learning
Authors: Dixon Matthew 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis article introduces a high‐frequency trade execution model to evaluate the economic impact of supervised machine learners. Extending the concept of a confusion matrix, we present a “trade information matrix” to attribute the expected profit and loss of the high‐frequency strategy under execution constraints, such as fill probabilities and position dependent trade rules, to correct and incorrect predictions. We apply the trade execution model and trade information matrix to Level II E‐mini S&P 500 futures history and demonstrate an estimation approach for measuring the sensitivity of the P&L to the error of a recurrent neural network. Our approach directly evaluates the performance sensitivity of a market‐making strategy to prediction error and augments traditional market simulation‐based testing.