bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Focus on exosomes—From pathogenic mechanisms to the potential clinical application value in lymphoma
Authors: Liu Jiarui , Wang Xin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractExosomes are highly specialized and functional bilayer membranous particles. They have been considered as vehicles for transporting and delivering a large number of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids (gene, noncoding RNA, DNA) from parental to recipient cells. In hematological malignancies, exosomes are involved in the tumorigenesis, including producing growth factors, hindering antitumor immunoreaction, promote inflammation, angiogenesis, and hypercoagulation. With the deepening of understanding, exosomes have ignited great interests and ever‐increasing efforts into the therapeutic application among scientists, such as biomarkers, therapeutic target, drug delivery system, and vaccines. Here, we discuss the most recent studies on the functions and the emerging therapeutic applications of exosomes in lymphoma.
miR‐605‐5p promotes invasion and proliferation by targeting TNFAIP3 in non–small‐cell lung cancer
Authors: Liao Youxia , Cao Lirong , Wang Fang , Pang Rong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLung cancer is an significant cause of death worldwide, and non–small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified to play key roles in NSCLC development. Recently, it has been reported that miR‐605‐5p is a cancer‐related miRNA in several types of tumors. In this study, we study the role of miR‐605‐5p in NSCLC cells. We find that miR‐605‐5p is upregulated in NSCLC cells. Overexpression of miR‐605‐5p significantly promotes lung cancer invasion and migration in H460 and H1299 cells. Besides this, miR‐605‐5p also promotes lung cancer cell carcinoma proliferation and metastasis in vivo. However, downregulation of miR‐605‐5p inhibits cell invasion and migration by inhibiting lung cancer cell carcinoma proliferation and metastasis. In addition, the luciferase report assay identifies 3′‐untranslated region tumor necrosis factor α‐induced protein 3 (TNFAIP3) as a target of miR‐605‐5p. Silencing of TNFAIP3 promotes invasion and proliferation in lung cancer. In addition, the knockdown of TNFAIP3 restores the significant decrease in invasion and proliferation in miR‐605‐5p‐inhibitor–transfected lung cancer cells. In conclusion, miR‐605‐5p promotes invasion and proliferation by targeting TNFAIP3 in NSCLC, and may provide possible biomarkers for NSCLC therapy.
Knockdown of LINC01116 inhibits cell migration and invasion in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma through epithelial‐mesenchymal transition pathway
Authors: Wu Jing , Chen Zhizhao , Zhang Li , Cao Jun , Li Xiaoyu , Gong Zhaojian , Bo Hao , Zhang Shanshan , He Dong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are linked to tumor development and progression. The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic significance and biological role of LINC01116 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We identified 21 aberrantly expressed lncRNAs specific to HNSCC that were common in two microarray datasets. LINC01116 was highly overexpressed in HNSCC tissues and was correlated to shorter overall survival and relapse‐free survival duration, as analyzed by the online Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis platform. LINC01116 was also overexpressed in oral squamous cell carcinoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues, and LINC01116 silencing significantly inhibited the migration and invasion capacities of both cell lines by blocking the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition process. In addition, 125 coexpressing genes were identified by circlncRNAnet, and were mainly located on human autosomes and enriched in transforming growth factor‐β signaling pathway. These findings indicate that LINC01116 might be a potential therapeutic target for HNSCC.
Effect of miR‐499a‐5p on damage of cardiomyocyte induced by hypoxia‐reoxygenation via downregulating CD38 protein
Authors: Zhao Lei , Wang BaoHua , Zhang WeiJia , Sun LiXia 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe aim is to investigate the mechanism of miR‐499a‐5p on the damage of cardiomyocyte induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation. The activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), apoptosis rate and the expression of miR‐499a‐5p and cluster of differentiation 38 (CD38) in hypoxia‐reoxygenation model cells were detected by LDH Cytotoxicity Assay Kit, flow cytometry, real‐time polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot analysis, respectively. Apoptosis, the activity of LDH was detected after overexpression of miR‐499a‐5p or silencing of CD38 in H9c2 cells. The target relationship between miR‐499a‐5p and CD38 was verified by Targetscan online prediction and dual‐luciferase assay. Apoptosis, the activity of LDH was detected after overexpression of miR‐499a‐5p and CD38. Apoptosis, the activity of LDH and the expression of CD38 were increased (P < .05) while expression of miR‐499a‐5p was decreased (P < .05) in hypoxia/reoxygenation model cells. Apoptosis and the activity of LDH in H9c2 cells after overexpression of miR‐499a‐5p or silence of CD38 were decreased (P < .05). The results of Targetscan online prediction and dual‐luciferase assay indicated that CD38 was a potential target gene of miR‐499a‐5p. Overexpression of CD38 could reverse the inhibition of miR‐499a‐5p on LDH activity and apoptosis in H9c2 cells. miR‐499a‐5p could relief the injury of cardiomyocytes induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation via targeting CD38.
Pain catastrophizing and pain acceptance are associated with pain severity and interference among methadone‐maintained patients
Authors: Mun Chung Jung , Beitel Mark , Oberleitner Lindsay , Oberleitner David E. , Madden Lynn M. , Bollampally Pooja , Barry Declan T. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe present study examined whether pain catastrophizing and pain acceptance, two important targets of psychosocial interventions for chronic pain, are uniquely associated with pain severity and pain interference among patients on methadone maintenance treatment (MMT).MethodA total of 133 MMT patients who reported experiencing some pain during the previous week completed a battery of self‐report measures. Multiple regression was used to test whether pain catastrophizing and pain acceptance are related to pain severity and pain interference above and beyond covariates including demographics, emotional distress, and current methadone dose.ResultsBoth pain acceptance and catastrophizing were significantly associated with pain severity and pain interference while controlling for covariates.ConclusionsConsistent with previous literature on patients with chronic pain but without opioid use disorder, our findings suggest that both pain catastrophizing and pain acceptance are potentially important intervention targets among MMT patients with co‐occurring opioid use disorder and chronic pain.
Integrative depiction of the male reproductive system of the commercial purple crab Homalaspis plana (Platyxanthidae): Structure and function
Authors: Pardo Luis M. , Zara Fernando J. , Riveros Marcela P. , Paschke Kurt , Pretterebner Katrin , Mantelatto Fernando L. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe information available on structures and function of reproductive systems are female‐biased in many animal groups and crabs are not an exception. However, knowledge about the male reproductive system can help us to understand evolutionary and ecological processes such as the mating system and mating behavior. This study focuses on an integrative description of the principal regions of the male reproductive system of the purple crab, Homalaspis plana, a commercially exploited crab from the southeastern Pacific. For this description a combination of morphological observation, gravimetric records, histological and histochemical techniques and biochemical analysis were used. Also, a gross description of the seminal receptacle of the female was performed. The male reproductive system of H. plana was highly extended and complex, with a great capacity to produce and store spermatophores and secrete, at least, two kinds of seminal fluids. Sperm production, sperm packaging in spermatophores, storage of spermatophores and seminal liquid secretion were functions localized in specific regions. The vasosomatic index was the highest recorded to date in crabs, symptomatic of a high investment in reproduction. All these traits allow identification of H. plana as an internal sperm plug producer, which matches well with the highly extensible seminal receptacle of females. The great quantity of seminal material transferred to females during mating indicates that males may be able to mate only one time in the reproductive season and thus this species could be vulnerable to sperm depletion in males and sperm limitation in females if the fishery substantively reduced the abundance of males in the populations.
Fabrication of capsaicin emulsions: improving the stability of the system and relieving the irritation to the gastrointestinal tract of rats
Authors: Han Jingjing , Zhang Shuhan , Liu Xuebo , Xiao Chunxia 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDCapsaicin, as a major pungent ingredient of peppers, has many health benefits. However, the strong irritation effect of capsaicin inhibits its application in the food industry. Emulsions can be an effective approach to alleviate the irritation.RESULTSIn this study, we used tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) as an emulsifier to prepare capsaicin emulsions through high‐pressure homogenization. Capsaicin emulsions with a particle size of about 100 nm, −36.4 mV zeta potential, and 91.9% encapsulation efficiency were prepared successfully and showed better environmental stability and higher antioxidant activity. Emulsions reduced the cumulative release of capsaicin and had no toxic effect on buffalo rat liver (BRL‐3A) cells. Moreover, the gastrointestinal injury model of rats showed that emulsions reduced the strong irritation of capsaicin.CONCLUSIONThis work provides a theoretical basis for the application of irritant ingredients in food industry. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
The extent of extrathyroidal extension is a key determinant of prognosis in T4a papillary thyroid cancer
Authors: Abraham Earl , Roshan David , Tran Bryan , Wykes James , Campbell Peter , Ebrahimi Ardalan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesIn papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), the adverse prognostic impact of extrathyroidal extension (macro‐ETE) invading the subcutaneous soft tissues, larynx, trachea, esophagus, or recurrent laryngeal nerve (T4a disease) is well established. We investigated whether the extent of macro‐ETE, defined as “limited” with single structure involvement (lim‐ETE) and “extensive” with multiple structures involved (ext‐ETE), influences prognosis in T4a PTC.MethodsA retrospective analysis of 610 patients with PTC identified 39 with T4a disease, including 26 with lim‐ETE and 13 with ext‐ETE. Univariate Cox regression was used to assess the relationship between the extent of macro‐ETE and recurrence‐free survival (RFS).ResultsExt‐ETE was associated with a five times increased risk of recurrence compared to lim‐ETE (HR 5.0, P < .030), with or without adjustment for radioactive iodine administration and after adjustment for margin status (HR 4.7; P = .041). A low‐risk subset of T4a disease comprising of patients aged less than 55 years with lim‐ETE and clear margins accounted for one‐third of the cohort and demonstrated an excellent 5‐year RFS of 92%.ConclusionsThe extent of macro‐ETE appears to be an important determinant of prognosis in T4a PTC. A low‐risk subset of T4a disease exists with an excellent prognosis.
The Transverse Infrapatellar View: A New Ultrasound Technique to Measure Distal Femoral Cartilage Thickness
Authors: Lee Se Won , Patel Jasal , Van Dien Craig , Ayutyanont Napatkamon , Naguib Abir , Emam Mohammed , Kim Sooyeon 
Published: August 2019

ObjectivesTo examine the reliability and face validity of ultrasound (US) measurements of distal femoral cartilage thickness (CT) using the infrapatellar view (IPV) with knee extension compared to the traditional suprapatellar view (SPV) with knee hyperflexion in young asymptomatic participants and patients with painful knee osteoarthritis (KOA).MethodsThe IPV was obtained in an extended knee position by placing the US transducer on the patellar tendon at a 60° angle tilted toward the distal femoral condyle in 19 young adults (control group) and 70 patients with KOA. The CT was measured at the medial femoral condyle, the intercondylar notch, and the lateral femoral condyle.ResultsThe inter‐rater intraclass correlation coefficient was higher for IPV‐based CT measurement (range, 0.856–0.858) compared to SPV‐based CT measurement (range, 0.315–0.523) among the patients with symptomatic KOA. The IPV‐based CT differed significantly between the control group and the KOA group at the intercondylar notch (P < .001) and lateral femoral condyle (P = .006). The SPV‐based CT differed significantly between the control group and the KOA group only at the lateral femoral condyle region (P = .014).ConclusionsAn infrapatellar US evaluation of the distal femoral CT can be a reliable alternative method to a suprapatellar US evaluation for patients with KOA.
Appetite for destruction: Counterintuitive effects of attractive faces on people's food choices
Authors: Otterbring Tobias 
Published: August 2019

AbstractFaces in general and attractive faces, in particular, are frequently used in marketing, advertising, and packaging design. However, few studies have examined the effects of attractive faces on people's choice behavior. The present research examines whether attractive (vs. unattractive) faces increase individuals’ inclination to choose either healthy or unhealthy foods. In contrast to the beliefs held by most marketing professors, but consistent with visceral state theories, exposure to attractive (vs. unattractive) opposite‐sex faces increased choice likelihood of unhealthy foods. This effect was moderated by self‐view‐relevant attributes and exerted a particularly powerful influence on individuals who were single (vs. in a relationship) and individuals rating themselves as unattractive (vs. attractive). Furthermore, the effect was mediated by arousal, was stronger for men than for women, but did not generalize after exposure to attractive (vs. unattractive) same‐sex faces. As pictorial exposure is sufficient for the effect to occur, these findings have important implications for marketing, advertising, and public health.
High Molecular Weight Polyester Obtained by Polymerization of Dimethylketene Using Metallocene Initiators: A Step toward Ziegler–Natta Supporting Application in Non‐Olefin Systems
Authors: Jiang Bo , Desilles Nicolas , Burel Fabrice 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this report, highly active metallocene initiators are used for the polymerization of a ketene monomer, dimethylketene, which typically contains two adjacent double bonds (R2CCO). By using the methylzirconocene methyltriarylborate complex (Cp2ZrMe+MeB(C6F5)3−) as the activation system, associated with the possible cleavage of CC and CO bonds in ketene monomers, a structure‐specific and high‐molecular‐weight polyester ( > 300 000 g mol−1) can be afforded. The resulting polyester structure, comprehensively characterized by NMR, indicates a significant reactive selectivity of the “bent‐sandwich” cationic site Cp2ZrMe+. It reveals that the positively charged zirconium (Zr+) prefers to coordinate with a negatively charged oxygen (O−) when it is already bonded to the carbon, while a negatively charged carbon (C−) will be assigned in priority if the oxygen–zirconium bond exists. This report allows for broadening the application field of metallocene initiators in non‐olefin reactions and deepening our insight into the mechanism of the living insertion/Ziegler–Natta polymerization.
Uniparental isodisomy caused autosomal recessive diseases: NGS‐based analysis allows the concurrent detection of homogenous variants and copy‐neutral loss of heterozygosity
Authors: Xiao Bing , Wang Lili , Liu Huili , Fan Yanjie , Xu Yan , Sun Yu , Qiu Wenjuan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundUniparental disomy (UPD) leading to autosomal recessive (AR) diseases is rare. We found an unusual homozygous state in two nonconsanguineous families, and only one parent in each family was a heterozygote.MethodsTwo patients with homozygosity for pathogenic variants were revealed by whole‐exome sequencing (WES), further Sanger sequencing found that only one of the parents was a heterozygote. Initial genotype and copy number variations analysis from WES data of probands involving whole chromosomes 1 and 9 containing these two pathogenic variants were performed, genome‐wide single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array analysis was used to confirm these results.ResultsWhole‐exome sequencing identified a homozygous c.3423_3424delTG mutation in AGL in patient 1 and a homozygous c.241‐1G>C mutation in SURF1 in patient 2. Further parental testing found that only the two patients’ healthy fathers were heterozygous. WES‐based copy number and genotype analysis found a copy‐neutral loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of whole chromosome 1 in patient 1 and of whole chromosomes 9 and 10 in patient 2. Further genome‐wide SNP array and family haplotype analyses confirmed whole paternal uniparental isodisomy (UPiD) 1 in patient 1 and paternal UPiD 9 and maternal UPiD 10 in patient 2. Therefore, UPiD caused AR monogenic glycogen storage disease type‐III (GSDIII) in patient 1 and Leigh syndrome in patient 2 through non‐Mendelian inheritance of two mutant copies of a gene from each patient's father.ConclusionOur report highlights that a single NGS‐based analysis could allow us to find homozygous sequence variants and copy‐neutral LOH in such cases. Our report also describes the first case of GSDIII caused by UPiD 1 and Leigh syndrome caused by UPiD 9.
The aging bladder phenotype is not the direct consequence of bladder aging
Authors: Hardy Cara C. , Keilich Spencer R. , Harrison Andrew G. , Knight Brittany E. , Baker Dylan S. , Smith Phillip P. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimsThe prevalence of urinary dysfunction increases with age, yet therapies are often suboptimal. Incomplete understanding of the linkages between system, organ, and tissue domains across lifespan remains a knowledge gap. If tissue‐level changes drive the aging bladder phenotype, parallel changes should be observed across these domains. In contrast, a lack of inter‐domain correlation across age groups would support the hypothesis that urinary performance is a measure of the physiologic reserve, dependent on centrally‐mediated adaptive mechanisms in the aging system.MethodsMale and female mice across four age groups underwent sequential voiding spot assays, pressure/flow cystometry, bladder strip tension studies, histology, and quantitative PCR analyses. The primary objective of this study was to test the impact of age on the cortical, autonomic, tissue functional and structural, and molecular domains, and identify inter‐domain correlations among variables showing significant changes with age within these domains.ResultsBehavior revealed diminished peripheral voiding and spot size in aged females. Cystometry demonstrated increased postvoid residual and loss of volume sensitivity, but the preservation of voiding contraction power, with almost half of oldest‐old mice failing under cystometric stress. Strip studies revealed no significant differences in adrenergic, cholinergic, or EFS sensitivity. Histology showed increased detrusor and lamina propria thickness, without a change in collagen/muscle ratio. Adrb2 gene expression decreased with age. No consistent inter‐domain correlations were found across age groups.ConclusionsOur findings are consistent with a model in which centrally‐mediated adaptive failures to aging stressors are more influential over the aging bladder phenotype than local tissue changes.
Suggestions for creating the International Scientific Foundation of Saliva Diagnosis (ISFSD): New research strategies, development, and technologies
Authors: Mediouni Mohamed , Kaczor‐Urbanowicz Karolina Elżbieta , Madiouni Riadh 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSaliva is an emerging biofluid for personalized/precision medicine application. As it has recently become a major tool for biological research and biomarker discovery, it is of vital importance to develop and optimize the diagnostics standards to decipher the omics constituents in saliva in order to achieve better oral and systemic health. Although current variations in saliva sampling, study designs, and developmental methods of salivary biomarkers prevent direct comparisons of the data obtained from different studies, the lack of standardization and unification of the processing procedures undermines saliva's diagnostic potential. Thus, it motivated us to propose the idea of creating an International Scientific Foundation of Salivary Diagnosis (ISFSD) that could encourage collaborative efforts to establish international guidelines and standardized protocols for saliva collection and laboratorial processing as well as clinical diagnostics. The ISFSD can accelerate the validation of biomarkers in larger groups of patients, their regulatory approval, and implementation of saliva diagnostics into a real clinical practice. It will also result in identification of practical and achievable priorities, and will present policy initiatives critical to the implementation of oral health improvement programs. The establishment of ISFSD will be of great interest and influence in the fields of oral health, dentistry, and medicine.
Did advice on the prescription of sodium valproate reduce prescriptions to women? An observational study in three European countries between 2007 and 2016
Authors: Charlton Rachel , Damase‐Michel Christine , Hurault‐Delarue Caroline , Gini Rosa , Loane Maria , Pierini Anna , Puccini Aurora , Neville Amanda , Snowball Julia , Morris Joan K. ,   on behalf of the EUROmediSAFE consortium
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectivesIn November 2014, the CMDh (a regulatory body representing EU Member States) advised doctors not to prescribe sodium valproate for epilepsy or bipolar disorder in preg nant women, in women who can become pregnant, or in girls unless other treatments are ineffective or not tolerated. This study aimed to determine if this warning led to changes in prescription patterns.Design and settingCohort of 5.4 million women aged between 10 and 50 years identified in electronic health care data from United Kingdom, France, and Italy (2007–2016).Main outcome measuresAnti‐epileptic drug (AED) prescriptions.ResultsThe prevalence of women receiving AED prescriptions in 2016 varied from 12.2 per 1000 to 29 per 1000 in the four regions. The incidence of prescribing any AED (excluding clonazepam, gabapentin, and pregabalin) fell each year on average by 7.5% (95% CI, 7.0%‐8.0%; Emilia Romagna), 9.6% (8.3%‐11.0%; France), 7.1% (6.7%‐7.6%; Tuscany), and 0.4% (0.2%‐1.0%; United Kingdom). The relative odds of prescribing sodium valproate rather than any other AED decreased more after 2014 compared with before the end of 2014 in France (OR = 0.77; 95% CI, 0.60‐0.98), Tuscany (0.81; 0.76‐0.86), Emilia Romagna (0.83; 0.76‐0.90), and the United Kingdom (0.92; 0.80‐1.06; not statistically significant).ConclusionsThere is evidence that the CMDh warning did lead to changes in prescription patterns of sodium valproate in women of childbearing age. There were considerable differences in prescribing practice amongst regions of Europe.