bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attachment and colonization of Salmonella on ‘Rayada’, ‘Golden Delicious’, and ‘Red Delicious’ apples
Authors: González‐López Carmen , Martínez‐Peniche Ramón A , Iturriaga Montserrat H , Arvizu‐Medrano Sofía M 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDFruits and vegetables have been associated with outbreaks of disease in different countries. The apple (Malus domestica Borkh) and its products have been reported as vehicles for illness outbreaks. To create strategies to prevent pathogen survival it is necessary to understand how pathogens persist on fruit. This paper assessed the ability of Salmonella to attach to, and to colonize, the surface of three apple cultivars: ‘Rayada’, ‘Golden Delicious’ and ‘Red Delicious’.RESULTSSalmonella was able to colonize and generate biofilms on the surface of apples with a soil suspension as the only source of nutrients. Significant differences in Salmonella attachment were seen among the three cultivars of apple studied. Using SEM, attached cells and the formation of exopolysaccharides and biofilms on the three apple cultivars were demonstrated. In all cultivars, the development of Salmonella was only seen in apples stored at 15 and 22 °C, with average increases in the population of 1.4 and 2.3 Log CFU/apple, respectively. At 5 °C, Salmonella growth was inhibited.CONCLUSIONSalmonella can colonize apple surfaces under environmental conditions (relative humidity, temperature and nutrients) occurring in primary apple production. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Visualization and application of amino acid retention coefficients obtained from modeling of peptide retention
Authors: Mohammed Yassene , Palmblad Magnus 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe introduce a method for data inspection in liquid separations of peptides using amino acid retention coefficients and their relative change across experiments. Our method allows for the direct comparison between actual experimental conditions, regardless of sample content and without the use of internal standards. The modeling uses linear regression of peptide retention time as a function of amino acid composition. We demonstrate the pH dependency of the model in a control experiment where the pH of the mobile phase was changed in controlled way. We introduce a score to identify the false discovery rate on peptide spectrum match level that corresponds to the set of most robust models, i.e. to maximize the shared agreement between experiments. We demonstrate the method utility in reversed‐phase liquid chromatography using 24 datasets with minimal peptide overlap. We apply our method on datasets obtained from a public repository representing various separation designs, including one‐dimensional reversed‐phase liquid chromatography followed by tandem mass spectrometry, and two‐dimensional online strong cation exchange coupled to reversed‐phase liquid chromatography followed by tandem mass spectrometry, and highlight new insights. Our method provides a simple yet powerful way to inspect data quality, in particular for multidimensional separations, improving comparability of data at no additional experimental cost.
Rapid determination of hexavalent chromium in textiles by a novel ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate derivatization combined with UHPLC–MS/MS
Authors: Zhang Xiaoli , Xian Yanping , Li Hui , Huang Bo‐xi , Liang Ming , Chen Jiefeng 
Published: July 2018

AbstractHexavalent chromium is mainly determined by traditional spectrophotometry, atomic absorption spectrometry, and ion chromatography methods. In the present work, a reliable ultra high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method was firstly developed for the determination of hexavalent chromium in textiles. The sample was extracted by acetic acid/sodium acetate buffer solution and followed by derivatization with ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate. The resulting derivative product was extracted by ethyl acetate, separated on a C18 column, and detected through electrospray ionization source in the positive mode with multiple reaction monitoring conditions. The derivatization reaction conditions were investigated and optimized. The developed method was validated in terms of the sensitivity, linearity range, matrix effects, recovery, accuracy, intra‐ and interday precision. Results showed that the calibration curves of pure solvent and matrix were linear over the selected concentration ranges of 0.1–20.0 μg/L. The achieved instrument and method limit of quantification were 0.1 and 40.0 μg/kg, respectively. Recoveries were calculated at three spiked concentrations and the values were between 92.2 and 103% with relative standard deviation values of 2.7–4.9% for intra‐day precision and 6.1% for inter‐day precision. Successful analysis of hexavalent chromium in practical textiles indicated that there was hexavalent chromium contamination in textiles.
A pH‐Responsive Biodegradable High‐Strength Hydrogel as Potential Gastric Resident Filler
Authors: Wu Tengling , Xu Ziyang , Zhang Yinyu , Wang Hongbo , Cui Chunyan , Chang Binge , Feng Xuequan , Liu Wenguang 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn this study, a pH‐responsive biodegradable high‐strength hydrogel [poly(2‐vinyl‐4,6‐diamino‐1,3,5‐triazine) (PVDT)‐methacrylated gelatin (GelMA)] is synthesized by copolymerization of hydrogen bonding monomer 2‐vinyl‐4,6‐diamino‐1,3,5‐triazine (VDT) and GelMA. The PVDT‐GelMA hydrogel exhibits up to 1.87 MPa tensile stress, 420% breaking strain, 7.24 MPa Young's modulus, and 13.9 MPa compressive strength at 80% strain at pH 7.4, and declines sharply in mechanical performance at pH 1.2 due to the breakup of hydrogen bonding. The strength that the PVDT‐GelMA hydrogel maintains in an acid medium is still superior to that of gastric pressure. This hydrogel can be completely degraded in simulated gastric fluid owing to the synergistic effect of acid swelling and enzymolysis. In a rabbit model experiment, the PVDT‐GelMA hydrogel can reside in the stomach for about 48 h, and no in vivo toxicity is detected in its metabolites, showing an appealing potential as a gastric filler or depot for bariatric interventions and drug delivery.
Development of a common platform for the noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of X‐linked diseases
Authors: Jang Se Song , Lim Byung Chan , Yoo Seong‐Keun , Shin Jong‐Yeon , Seo Jeong‐Sun , Hwang Doyeong , Yoo Ki‐Young , Chae Jong Hee , Kim Jong‐Il 
Published: July 2018

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to develop a common targeted massively parallel sequencing platform for the noninvasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) of multiple X‐linked diseases.MethodThe custom capture probe was designed to target 33 genes and recombination hotspots. We tested the carrier mother and male proband pair of 6 families. Plasma DNA of the pregnant carrier mother was collected at different gestational weeks and sequenced. The fetal genotype of each family was determined by estimating the imbalance between the 2 maternal haplotypes constructed using a common custom‐designed platform.ResultsThe targeted sequencing of the maternal, proband, and fetal genomic DNAs and maternal plasma DNAs resulted in uniform coverage across the target region. Three to 5 recombination points were observed in each sample. However, these recombination points did not affect the haplotype dosage analysis for fetal genotype prediction. Consequently, all fetal genotypes in the 6 families obtained from haplotype dosage analysis of maternal plasma sequencing data were predicted correctly.ConclusionsSince a single platform that covers multiple diseases may prevent the need for disease‐specific probes for the NIPD of individual disorders, this approach may provide a practical advantage for clinically implementing the NIPD of X‐linked diseases.
Oregon's Familias en Acción replicates benefits for underserved cancer co‐survivors through Un Abrazo Para la Familia
Authors: Marshall Catherine A. , Curran Melissa A. , Brownmiller Gail , Solarte Ambar , Armin Julie , Hamann Heidi A. , Crist Janice D. , Niemelä Mika , Badger Terry A. , Weihs Karen L. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractObjectiveOur goal in this study was to determine if we could replicate initial findings when providing the intervention, Un Abrazo Para La Familia (“Abrazo”). Abrazo is a community‐focused psychoeducational preventive intervention addressing the cancer information and coping needs of low‐income, underserved family members of cancer survivors, developed and first implemented in Tucson, Arizona.MethodsWe used a preintervention and postintervention evaluation design to assess the effectiveness of replicating the Abrazo intervention with underserved Hispanic/Latino family members facing cancer as co‐survivors. We describe lessons learned in an expansion of Abrazo from one region of the United States to another.ResultsPortland promotoras demonstrated that when the Abrazo intervention is provided via a culturally congruent, accessible format, the significant gains in cancer knowledge and self‐efficacy reported by underserved co‐survivors can be replicated. This is important because Oregon represents a US region different from Abrazo's origins in the Southwest.ConclusionOur replication study provides a useful roadmap for others focusing on the psychosocial needs of Hispanic/Latino cosurviving family members of cancer. A manualized 12‐hour training program based on the initial discovery and efficacy work was developed to train promotoras as a part of this study. The manual provides a clear protocol for others to replicate our intervention and evaluation procedures. Abrazo may be particularly important for family‐centered care if the family does not have the cancer knowledge or self‐confidence needed to fully participate.
Spinning Mellin Bootstrap: Conformal Partial Waves, Crossing Kernels and Applications
Authors: Sleight Charlotte , Taronna Massimo 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe study conformal partial waves (CPWs) in Mellin space with totally symmetric external operators of arbitrary integer spin. The exchanged spin is arbitrary, and includes mixed symmetry and (partially)‐conserved representations. In a basis of CPWs recently introduced in arXiv:1702.08619, we find a remarkable factorisation of the external spin dependence in their Mellin representation. This property allows a relatively straightforward study of inversion formulae to extract OPE data from the Mellin representation of spinning 4pt correlators and in particular, to extract closed‐form expressions for crossing kernels of spinning CPWs in terms of the hypergeometric function 4F3. We consider numerous examples involving both arbitrary internal and external spins, and for both leading and sub‐leading twist operators. As an application, working in general d we extract new results for anomalous dimensions of double‐trace operators induced by double‐trace deformations constructed from single‐trace operators of generic twist and integer spin. In particular, we extract the anomalous dimensions of double‐trace operators with a single‐trace operator of integer spin J.
Comments on Rigid and Local Supercurrents in Minimal Supergravity
Authors: Ferrara Sergio , Samsonyan Marine , Tournoy Magnus , Van Proeyen Antoine 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe discuss local supercurrents as sources of the super‐Einstein equations in the superconformal approach in the old and new minimal (auxiliary fields) formulation. Modifications of the Ward identity giving the covariant divergence of the Einstein multiplet are considered in presence of a Fayet–Iliopoulos term. Curvature multiplets can be used as alternative to the gravitino variation in the search for rigid supersymmetric curved backgrounds.
Grower adoption of insecticide resistance management practices increase with extension‐based program
Authors: Leach Ashley B , Hoepting Christine A , Nault Brian A 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDInsecticide resistance management (IRM) practices that improve the sustainability of agricultural production systems are developed, but few studies address the challenges with their implementation and success rates of adoption. This study examined the effectiveness of a voluntary, extension‐based program to increase grower adoption of IRM practices for onion thrips (Thrips tabaci) in onion. The program sought to increase the use of two important IRM practices: rotating classes of insecticides during the growing season and applying insecticides following an action threshold.RESULTSOnion growers (n = 17) increased their adoption of both IRM practices over the 3‐year study. Growers increased use of insecticide class rotation from 76% to 100% and use of the action threshold for determining whether to apply insecticides from 57% to 82%. Growers who always used action thresholds successfully controlled onion thrips infestations, applied significantly fewer insecticide applications (one to four fewer applications) and spent $148/ha less on insecticides compared with growers who rarely used the action threshold. Growers who regularly used action thresholds and rotated insecticide classes did so because they were primarily concerned about insecticide resistance development in thrips populations.CONCLUSIONImplementation of the IRM education program was successful, as adoption rates of both practices increased within 3 years. Growers were surprisingly most receptive to adopting these practices to mitigate insecticide resistance as opposed to saving money. Developing extension‐based programs that involve regular and interactive meetings with growers may significantly increase the adoption of IRM and related integrated pest management tactics. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Paeoniflorin protects against liver ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice via inhibiting HMGB1‐TLR4 signaling pathway
Authors: Xie Tianjun , Li Ke , Gong Xia , Jiang Rong , Huang Wenya , Chen Xiahong , Tie Hongtao , Zhou Qin , Wu Shengwang , Wan Jingyuan , Wang Bin 
Published: July 2018

Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a major cause of high morbidity and mortality after liver resection, transplantation, and hemorrhagic shock. Paeoniflorin (PF), the main substance of glucosides in Radix Paeoniae Alba, has been widely used to treat various hepatic inflammatory diseases including I/R injury. However, the underlying mechanisms of PF on hepatic I/R injury remain further investigated. In this study, the liver I/R model was performed by clamping the portal vein and hepatic artery with an atraumatic clamp for 90 min followed by 6 hr reperfusion. PF (100 mg/kg) was given three times a day by gavage before I/R. The blood and hepatic samples were collected to evaluate liver injury and molecular indexes. The results showed that PF pretreatment significantly inhibited I/R‐induced serum ALT and AST activities (40.3% and 53.8% those of I/R group, respectively), hepatic pathological damages and hepatic apoptosis (P < 0.01), and infiltration of neutrophils into liver. In addition, PF suppressed the production of pro‐inflammatory cytokines (P < 0.01), decreased the expression of high mobility group box‐1 (HMGB1), and down‐regulated toll‐like receptors 4 (TLR4) and phosphorylated ERK1/2, JNK1/2, p38, and NF‐κB signal molecules expression in the I/R‐operated mice. These findings indicated that PF played a protective role in liver I/R injury, and this protection was associated with inhibition of I/R‐activated HMGB1‐TLR4 signaling pathway to attenuate hepatic inflammation responses.
Pd2+‐Loaded Magnetic Nanoassembly Formed by Magnetite Nanoparticles Crosslinked with Poly(acrylic acid) via Amide Bonds for Catalyzing Mizoroki‐Heck Coupling Reaction
Authors: Rathod Prakash B. , AjishKumar K. S. , Chappa Sankararao , Debnath Anil K. , Pandey Ashok K. , Athawale Anjali A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe nano‐gel like aggregates consisting of Fe3O4@PAA−Pd(II) has been formed by interparticle crosslinking via amide bonds. The chemical and physical structures and superparamagnetic properties of thus formed Fe3O4@PAA−Pd(II) have been characterized. The catalytic activity of the Fe3O4@PAA−Pd(II) in 22 different examples of Mizoroki‐Heck coupling reactions has been found to be excellent under solvent free condition in the presence of base at 100 0C. The turn over number and turn over frequency of Fe3O4@PAA−Pd(II) are found to be 304787 and 67730 h−1, respectively, with no significant deterioration of catalytic activity after five successive cycles of the catalyst. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy has been used to understand the mechanism and changes in the catalyst during reaction. However, the reaction of chlorobenzene, bromobenzene and substituted iodo compounds such as p‐iodophenol, p‐iodobenzoic acid with acrylates/acrylamides are not successful in the presence of Fe3O4@PAA−Pd(II) suggesting that the reaction with acidic substrates and substrates, prone to deprotonation, are not suitable for the above transformation with the optimized reaction conditions used for aryl iodide.
Metal Halide Perovskites: Synthesis, Ion Migration, and Application in Field‐Effect Transistors
Authors: Liu Xuhai , Yu Dejian , Song Xiufeng , Zeng Haibo 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe past several years have witnessed tremendous developments of metal halide perovskite (MHP)‐based optoelectronics. Particularly, the intensive research of MHP‐based light‐emitting diodes, photodetectors, and solar cells could probably reform the optoelectronic semiconductor industry. In comparison, in spite of the large intrinsic charge carrier mobility of MHPs, the development of MHP‐based field‐effect transistors (MHP‐FETs) is relatively slow, which is essentially due to the gate‐field screening effect induced by the ion migration and accumulation in MHP‐FETs. This work mainly aims to summarize the recent important work on MHP‐FETs and propose solutions in terms of the development bottleneck of perovskite‐based transistors, in an attempt to boost the research of MHP transistors further. First, the advantages and potential applications of MHP‐FETs are briefly introduced, which is followed by a detailed description of the MHP crystalline structure and various material fabrication techniques. Afterward, MHP‐FETs are discussed, including transistors based on hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites, all‐inorganic perovskites, and lead‐free perovskites.
Flexible Metal–Organic Framework‐Based Mixed‐Matrix Membranes: A New Platform for H2S Sensors
Authors: Zhang Xin , Zhang Qi , Yue Dan , Zhang Jun , Wang Jintong , Li Bin , Yang Yu , Cui Yuanjing , Qian Guodong 
Published: July 2018

AbstractMetal–organic framework (MOF)–polymer mixed‐matrix membranes (MMMs) have shown great potential and superior performance in gas separations. However, their sensing application has not been fully established yet. Herein, a rare example of using flexible MOF‐based MMMs as a fluorescent turn‐on sensor for the detection of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is reported. These MOF‐based MMMs are readily prepared by mixing a highly stable aluminum‐based nano‐MOF (Al‐MIL‐53‐NO2) into poly(vinylidene fluoride) with high loadings up to 70%. Unlike the intrinsic fragility and poor processability of pure‐MOF membranes, these MMMs exhibit desirable flexibility and processability that are more suitable for practical sensing applications. The uniform distribution of Al‐MIL‐53‐NO2 particles combined with the permanent pores of MOFs enable these MMMs to show good water permeation flux and consequently have a full contact between the analyte and MOFs. The developed MMM sensor (70% MOF loading) thus shows a highly remarkable detection selectivity and sensitivity for H2S with an exceptionally low detection limit around 92.31 × 10−9m, three orders of magnitude lower than the reported powder‐form MOFs. This work demonstrates that it is feasible to develop flexible luminescent MOF‐based MMMs as a novel platform for chemical sensing applications.
Mutation operators for feature‐oriented software product lines
Authors: Krüger Jacob , Al‐Hajjaji Mustafa , Leich Thomas , Saake Gunter 
Published: July 2018

SummaryMutation testing is an approach to assess the quality of test cases. Mutants are modified versions of a system that ideally compose faulty behaviour. Test cases for a system are effective if they kill these mutants. For software product lines, several works have addressed mutation testing to inject variability faults, which may only exist in some variants. These works focus on variability models or specific implementation techniques. In contrast, feature‐oriented programming has been rarely investigated, wherefore, we (1) derive corresponding mutation operators, (2) investigate the feasibility of our proposed and conventional operators on 4 software product lines, and (3) discuss open challenges in mutation testing of software product lines. The results show that our proposed operators are suitable to cause variability faults and extend the capabilities of conventional operators. Nonetheless, mutation testing of software product lines is comparably expensive, due to a high number of variants and mutants—resulting in equivalence and redundancy.
Understanding snow hydrological processes through the lens of stable water isotopes
Authors: Beria Harsh , Larsen Joshua R. , Ceperley Natalie Claire , Michelon Anthony , Vennemann Torsten , Schaefli Bettina 
Published: July 2018

Snowfall may have different stable isotopic compositions compared with rainfall, allowing its contribution to potentially be tracked through the hydrological cycle. This review summarizes the state of knowledge of how different hydrometeorological processes affect the isotopic composition of snow in its different forms (snowfall, snowpack, and snowmelt), and, through selected examples, discusses how stable water isotopes can provide a better understanding of snow hydrological processes. A detailed account is given of how the variability in isotopic composition of snow changes from precipitation to final melting. The effect of different snow ablation processes (sublimation, melting, and redistribution by wind or avalanches) on the isotope ratios of the underlying snowpack are also examined. Insights into the role of canopy in snow interception processes, and how the isotopic composition in canopy underlying snowpacks can elucidate the exchanges therein are discussed, as well as case studies demonstrating the usefulness of stable water isotopes to estimate seasonality in the groundwater recharge. Rain‐on‐snow floods illustrate how isotopes can be useful to estimate the role of preferential flow during heavy spring rains. All these examples point to the complexity of snow hydrologic processes and demonstrate that an isotopic approach is useful to quantify snow contributions throughout the water cycle, especially in high‐elevation and high‐latitude catchments, where such processes are most pronounced. This synthesis concludes by tracing a snow particle along its entire hydrologic life cycle, highlights the major practical challenges remaining in snow hydrology and discusses future research directions.This article is categorized under:

Science of Water > Hydrological Processes
Science of Water > Methods
Knowledge discovery for enabling smart Internet of Things: A survey
Authors: Misra Sudip , Mukherjee Anandarup , Roy Arijit 
Published: July 2018

The use of knowledge discovery on the Internet of Things (IoT) and its allied domains is undeniably one of the most indispensable ones, which results in optimized placement architectures, efficient routing protocols, device energy savings, and enhanced security measures for the implementation. The absence of knowledge discovery in IoT results in just an implementation of large‐scale sensor networks, which generates a huge amount of data, and which needs, an often under‐optimized, processing for actionable outputs. In this survey, we explore various domains of IoT for which knowledge discovery is inseparable from the application, and show how it benefits the overall implementation of the IoT architecture.This article is categorized under:

Fundamental Concepts of Data and Knowledge > Knowledge Representation
Technologies > Machine Learning
Application Areas > Internet and Web‐Based Applications
Algorithmic Development > Spatial and Temporal Data Mining