bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urgent Implementation of Point-of-Care Testing for Group A Streptococcal Infection in a UK Children's Emergency Department
Authors: Shorrocks Ruth , Turner Philip J. , Fanshawe Thomas , Ukwatte Umasha , Gray Jim , Taylor James , Graveto Liliana , Hayward Gail , Bird Chris 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Objective In late 2022, Western Europe and the United States experienced increased incidences of scarlet fever and life-threatening invasive group A streptococcal (iGAS) infections, especially among children. The outbreak was widely reported in the media in the United Kingdom, leading to increased emergency department (ED) attendances and threatened supplies of antibiotics. Our ED rapidly introduced point-of-care testing for GAS pharyngitis with the aim of rationalizing antibiotic prescribing.
Methods We rapidly implemented the use of a molecular-based (polymerase chain reaction) point-of-care test for all children scoring 3 or higher on the McIsaac clinical prediction rule for GAS pharyngitis in children and performed a nested diagnostic accuracy study. The main outcome was concordance or discordance of antibiotic prescribing with the test result.
Results Between December 2022 and April 2023, a total of 1,388 patients underwent point-of-care test (45% female, 55% male, median age of 3 y). Based on medical records review, 571 (41%) patients were tested inappropriately (i.e., they did not have documented pharyngitis or similar infection). Antibiotic prescribing was largely appropriate for patients with a diagnosis of pharyngitis or similar presentation, with 20.47% of children with a negative test prescribed antibiotics.
Conclusion Antibiotic concordance was acceptable for children with pharyngitis and similar presentations, but nearly half of children without acute respiratory symptoms were tested inappropriately. EDs considering rapid implementation of point-of-care test in similar circumstances should ensure clear guidelines and training around their use so that clinically useful tests are not inadvertently dropped and resources are not wasted.
A multimodal approach to grammatical aspect
Authors: Neyra Rosario , Butler Matthew , Munch Nicolaisen Emilie , Sbertoli-Nielsen Paul , Tam Catherine L. , Fox Barbara A. , Raymond Chase Wesley 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper offers a multimodal approach to grammatical aspect, traditionally seen in linguistics as a
verbal-morphological category. Using conversation analysis and interactional linguistics, we take as our object of study turn
completions done with bodily movements and non-lexical vocalizations, focusing on the aspectual information they construct, and
how this information is oriented to as relevant to the trajectory of action underway. We argue that the aspectual information
constructed through the practice of completing a turn with bodily movements and non-lexical vocalizations is part of demonstrating
the speaker’s experiential knowledge relevant to the epistemic claims being made, in the service of securing some form of
affiliative uptake from the recipient regarding those claims. Pursuits designed in this way provide the recipient access to the
speaker’s “way of viewing the internal temporal constituency of [the] situation” (Comrie
1976: 3). Furthermore, we show that the aspectual information conveyed (i) by bodily movements, and (ii) co-occurring
non-lexical vocalizations, are somewhat distinct from each other. Our study is the first that we are aware of to examine the
category of grammatical aspect in turn completions and in this embodied and social-interactional way. Data are in American
English.
Machine learned interatomic potentials for gas-metal interactions
Authors: Cusentino M A , Wood M A , Thompson A P 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Developing interatomic potentials for gas-metal systems is difficult due to the wide range of chemical compositions that the potential must be able to reproduce. There is a need for these types of potentials for studying plasma-material interactions in fusion reactors where gaseous plasma species will implant in metallic reactor components. The challenges presented by these material systems make them suitable candidates for treatment by a machine learning approach, such as that of the spectral neighbor analysis potential (SNAP). However, constraining the dynamics with these more flexible potentials is difficult. In this work, we have developed a SNAP potential for W-N and W-H in order to study the material degradation due to ion implantation in tungsten. We have developed a large set of density functional theory training data spanning multiple chemical environments including gas phase, surface, bulk, and gas-metal configurations. Additional methodologies for developing training data and optimizing the potential for accurately describing fast diffusing impurity species are detailed. The SNAP potential well-reproduces key material properties relevant for modeling plasma-material interactions including defect formation energies, surface adsorption energies, dimer binding energies, and tungsten nitride formation energies. In addition to testing on static energetic properties, the SNAP potential was also used to simulate thermal and dynamic gas-metal interactions, including bulk diffusion, molecular gas adsorption isotherms, and ion implantation. The SNAP potentials are demonstrated to well-reproduce behavior in the wide range of chemical environments investigated, demonstrating the suitability of these machine learned interatomic potentials for future studies of plasma material interactions.
Dynamic Kohn anomaly in twisted bilayer graphene
Authors: Li Jun-Wei , Zhang Jia-Xing , Chen Wei 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) has attracted great interest in the last decade due to the novel properties it exhibited. It was revealed that e–phonon interaction plays an important role in a variety of phenomena in this system, such as superconductivity and exotic phases. However, due to its complexity, the e–phonon interaction in TBG is not well studied yet. In this work, we study the electron interaction with the acoustic phonon mode in TBG and one of its consequences, i.e. the Kohn anomaly. The Kohn anomaly in ordinary metals usually happens at phonon momentum

q
=
2

k
F

as a dramatic modification of the phonon frequency when the phonon wave vector nests the electron Fermi surface. However, novel Kohn anomaly can happen in topological semimetals, such as graphene and Weyl semimetals. In this work, we show that the novel dynamic Kohn anomaly can also take place in TBG due to the nesting of two different Moire Dirac points by the phonon wave vector. Moreover, by tuning the twist angle, the dynamic Kohn anomaly in TBG shows different features. Particularly, at magic angle when the electron bandwidth is almost flat, the dynamic Kohn anomalies of acoustic phonons disappear. We also studied the effects of finite temperature and doping on the dynamic Kohn anomaly in TBG and discussed the experimental methods to observe the Kohn anomaly in such system.
Dynamical mechanism of a memristor and its phase transition
Authors: Yao Zhao , Sun Kehui , Wang Huihai 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
A device is defined as a memristor if it exhibits a pinched hysteresis loop in the current–voltage plane, and the loop area shrinks with increasing driven frequency until it gets a single-valued curve. However, the explaination of the underlying mechanism for these fingerprints is still limited. In this paper, we propose the differential form of the memristor function, and we disclose the dynamical mechanism of the memristor according to the differential form. The symmetry of the curve is only determined by the driven signal, and the shrinking loop area results from the shrinking area enclosed by driven signal and the time coordinate axis. Significantly, we find the condition for the phase transition of a memristor, and the resistance switches between the positive resistance, local zero resistance, and local negative resistance. This phase transition is confirmed in the HP memristor. These results advance the understanding of the dynamics mechanism and phase transition of a memristor.
Design of human-machine interaction testing tool for drilling instruments based on CAN bus
Authors: Zhang Qimengsha , Hu Yongjian , Sun Chengqin , Sun Qi , Zhang Guanjie , Xiao Meng 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
A small, portable, and user-friendly human-machine interaction testing tool for drilling instruments is designed and developed to accommodate the underground multi-parameter measurement environment and to meet the ground testing requirements of the drilling instruments. To improve the reliability of data transmission, we customized the CAN (Controller Area Network) application layer protocol by dividing the identifier and data frames reasonably. The designed prototype can send multiple commands to the drilling instruments, also monitoring CAN data flow and displays to users.
Intelligent monitoring method for kick risk based on CNN-GRU hybrid network model
Authors: Sun Yuan , Liu Yong , Wang Jiangtao , Xiang Chao , Yin Sai , Li Xiaobin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
As oil and gas exploration and development gradually shift towards deep and deep-water fields, the geological environment and formation pressure conditions become increasingly complex, raising the risk of drilling hazards such as kick. Failure to timely identify and properly handle these issues can potentially lead to blowout accidents, posing severe threats to drilling safety. Therefore, there is an urgent need to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of kick monitoring. Traditional kick monitoring methods are highly subjective and their accuracy needs improvement. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a method using a hybrid model of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Gated Recurrent Units (GRU) networks for kick monitoring. Firstly, based on comprehensive mud logging time series data, domain knowledge of kick identification is integrated for data processing to form a high-quality dataset. To tackle the difficulty of extracting complex risk time series evolution characteristics, an intelligent kick time series monitoring model was established by combining the advantages of CNN and GRU in processing time series data. This hybrid model was compared with non-sequential machine learning models and single sequential deep learning models. Experimental results indicate that the hybrid model provides the best diagnostic performance, achieving accuracy of 94.04%, missed alarm rate of 6.54%, and false alarm rate of 5.97%. The research offer technical support for accurate and efficient intelligent kick risk monitoring, assisting field personnel in decision-making and significantly contributing to the safety and efficiency of drilling operations.
Research on overflow and leakage judgment method based on standard deviation algorithm
Authors: Liu Fu , Guan Yuxin , Wu Yan , Sun Bing , Zhang Ning , Zheng Lijun 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The instability of wellbore pressure has been puzzling the safety of petroleum industry, including personal safety and environment. In the process of drilling, it is of great significance to establish a timely and accurate judgment method for overflow and leakage. Overflow and leakage often occur during drilling. The monitoring of pump stop and backflow has been used all over the world for more than ten years, which can help to detect overflow. However, it is always a difficult problem to set alarm threshold and identify abnormal backflow, which largely depends on the manual process of implementing the experience and intuition of this key safety monitoring engineer. This manual process often misses the early signs of overflow and leakage, thus greatly increasing the risk of well control. In this paper, the sample data of pump stop reflux combined with standard deviation algorithm is used to identify and judge overflow and leakage in real time. The method for judging overflow and leakage based on standard deviation algorithm includes: stopping the pump and collecting the return sample data; A real-time cumulative reflux calculation method, a reflux sample is calculated by adopting a standard deviation algorithm, a reflux intelligent early warning model is generated, and new real-time reflux data is automatically analyzed by using the generated reflux intelligent early warning model to judge whether there is early overflow or leakage; This method is superior to the existing manual detection methods, and can help drillers and drilling engineers to detect early overflow and leakage; The field example shows that overflow and leakage can be accurately and quickly identified in the early stage by measuring and processing the return sample data of drilling pump stop and combining with the standard deviation algorithm. The establishment of this method is of great significance to reduce well control risk and improve Rate of penetration.
Research and application of PDC coring bit in marine drilling
Authors: Sun Yanqi , Hao Wei , Wei Shaoxiao , Wang Rui , Li Huansheng 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The coring exploration and analysis of geological rock debris is an important part of offshore oil exploration engineering. The existing drilling coring technology has problems such as low drilling efficiency and the need for drilling operations, which increases the cost of offshore drilling. In order to improve the efficiency of offshore oil drilling and reduce drilling costs, a micro coring Polycrystalline Diamond Compact bit (PDC) has been developed, which can continuously obtain micro cores during the drilling process. Through mechanical analysis of the core teeth, the relationship between the back inclination angle of the core teeth and the rock shear failure angle was obtained. The analysis conclusion shows that the larger the back inclination angle, the more favorable it is for micro core formation. As the back inclination angle increases, the force on the core teeth increases, which affects the service life of the core teeth. Based on the rock core forming effect and the force analysis of the core teeth, the back inclination angle of the core teeth is determined to be 20 °. An analysis was conducted on the application of the micro coring PDC drill bit in three offshore drilling operations, including drilling speed, drilling efficiency, drill bit exit, and the quantity and quality of core samples obtained. The results showed that the drilling speed of the micro coring PDC drill bit was significantly improved compared to ordinary drill bits during offshore drilling, and a large number of block shaped cores and a few cylindrical cores were obtained. The application results of micro coring drill bits in offshore drilling show that this technology is beneficial for improving drilling speed and efficiency. It has the advantages of large core acquisition volume, high acquisition efficiency, and low cost in obtaining micro cores. To address the issue of low formation rate of rock cores obtained during offshore drilling applications, optimization can be achieved by adjusting the diameter of the core hole, arranging the core teeth, and adding seismic mitigation measures for rock core formation.
Memory high temperature production logging technology and applications
Authors: Yu Dongdong , Fang Xinlei , Zhao Hongxu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
As oil exploration and development gradually move towards exploring deep oil and gas reservoirs, the formation temperature and pressure have significantly increased. Taking the Bohai buried hill oil and gas reservoir as an example, the formation temperature is generally above 180 °C, and conventional testing instruments cannot work stably under such high temperature conditions. Related instrument and equipment manufacturers optimize and innovate logging instruments in multiple directions such as welding, modularization, and material selection. To solve the temperature resistance problem of instruments, thermal insulation coatings, vacuum flask, and other methods are commonly used for temperature isolation. This article mainly introduces a high-temperature production logging Vulcan™ developed by SDI Company. The FLS 1.44 series instrument has the characteristics of small outside diameter(OD) and high temperature resistance, and adopts a memory measurement method to avoid short circuit and operating costs of high-temperature cables. Through on-site operation in Well A, multiple consecutive production profile tests were conducted in a high-temperature environment with a formation temperature of about 185 °C. The sensors sensor exhibits good characteristics in stability, and the response of each parameter measurement curve was good under different passes. The testing task was successfully completed, and the application effect of the testing instrument was good.
Conceptual design of TUPI (Timepix4-based Ultra-fast Photon Imaging) detector's hardware
Authors: Borgato Allan , Giachero Augusto Fraga , de Oliveira Tavares Daniel , Antonio Erick Battiston , Cardoso Fernando Henrique , Lena Francesco Rossi , Polli Jean Marie , Donatti Mauricio Martins , Geraldes Renan Ramalho , Campanelli Raul Back , Spirin Roman Evgenevich , Costa Thiago Paiva 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
TUPI (Timepix4-based Ultra-fast Photon Imaging) is the new family of direct conversion and vacuum-compatible hybrid detectors under design at Sirius, the Brazilian 4th generation light source. Based on the Timepix4 Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), it targets different kinds of experiments, such as tomography and spectrometry, and will be used in multiple bioimaging beamlines of Orion, Brazil's Biosafety Level 4 (BSL4) Laboratory project. Also, it will cover a wide energy range (5 to 45 keV) by using different sensors materials (Si, GaAs, CdTe, etc.). Designed in a modular approach to ensure scalability for constructing larger active areas in a compact form, each TUPI module will be composed by a set of 3x side-by-side Timepix4 ASICs to provide a sensitive area of approximately 74×28 mm2 (1344×512 pixels of 55 μm pitch), streaming up to 44 kfps through up to 48×10.24 Gbps optical links directly connected to a Data Acquisition (DAQ) system.
Rapid urbanization through cropland encroachment in the Jiangsu-Zhejiang-Shanghai region of China leads to substantial soil organic carbon loss
Authors: Ding Zhao , Wu Zhaofan , Zhou Xuan , Wang Zhiming , Li Huiwen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Soil organic carbon (SOC) is a major terrestrial carbon reservoir, crucial for the global carbon cycle and climate change. However, the impact of urbanization-induced cropland encroachment on SOC remains underexplored. This study quantified SOC loss in the top 20 cm (SOC20) and 100 cm (SOC100) soil layers in the Jiangsu-Zhejiang-Shanghai (JZH) region from 1985 to 2019 using high-resolution land cover dataset and multi-temporal SOC maps. Our results show that the cumulative cropland encroachment area in the study area reached 18 925.65 km2, approximately three times the area of Shanghai. The encroached areas of cropland in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Shanghai accounted for 59.72%, 31.49%, and 8.79% of the total, respectively. The cumulative SOC100 loss in the JZH region was approximately 65.31 ± 32.45 Tg C, with the SOC20 loss contributing about 32.97%, emphasizing the importance of deep SOC pool. The cumulative SOC20 (SOC100) losses in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Shanghai contributed approximately 55.36% (57.74%), 35.76% (31.96%), and 8.87% (10.3%) to the total losses in the JZH region, respectively. Moreover, the annual average SOC100 loss accounted for about 8.6% to 25.59% of the terrestrial carbon sink flux (11.24 Tg C yr−1) in the JZH region, emphasizing that SOC loss due to cropland encroachment cannot be overlooked when evaluating the regional carbon sink capacity. Additionally, the positive correlation between SOC loss and regional gross domestic product highlights the trade-off between economic development model of urban expansion through cropland encroachment and the resulting substantial SOC loss. This study emphasizes the importance of assessing the impacts of urbanization on regional SOC stocks, especially with regard to deep soil, and provides scientific insights for future urban planning and land management in this region.
Projections of standardised energy indices in future climate scenarios
Authors: Dolores-Tesillos Edgar , Otero Noelia , Allen Sam 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Renewable energy is becoming an increasingly important component of energy systems. However, renewable energy production is heavily dependent on the prevailing weather conditions, which are changing as a result of climate change. It is therefore necessary to build energy systems that are robust to energy shortages caused by weather-dependent changes to energy demand and renewable energy production. To design such systems, we must monitor how changes in the climate are expected to influence future energy production and demand; this is important for policymakers to decide when, where, and by how much renewable energy installed capacities should be increased, for example. In this paper, we study the behaviour of standardised energy indices in future European climate projections, and use this to monitor how characteristics of energy production droughts in Europe are expected to change in the future. We use these results to make suggestions regarding how the energy mix should be adapted in the future to decrease the risk of energy production droughts.
Simulation analysis of the internal flow field in single screw compressor using local re-meshing method
Authors: Wu W , Zhang P , Wang Q , Huang L , Sun Y , Feng T 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The single screw compressor (SSC) is considered an excellent competitor to the twin screw compressor due to its symmetrical structure and balanced gas forces on the screw rotor. To enhance the performance of SSC, it is crucial to have a thorough understanding of the internal flow field, particularly in the leakage channels. Nevertheless, the vertical relationship between the star wheel axis and the screw axis leads to mesh distortion, which presents technical challenges for mesh division in CFD simulations. In this paper, the method of local re-meshing is employed to simulate the comprehensive flow field using the Forte software. The mesh is regenerated near the motion boundary, while the mesh in the remaining areas remains unchanged. The pressure and temperature distribution of the internal flow field of the compressor are obtained, as well as its variation during operation. The results indicate a noticeable pressure gradient change in the leakage gap. The pressure and temperature of gas gradually increase along the axis direction of the screw, reaching the maximum value in the exhaust channel. The research can provide support for the future optimization design of the SSC.