bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scoring measures of word dictation curriculum‐based measurement in writing: Effects of incremental administration
Authors: Poch Apryl L. , Allen Abigail A. , Lembke Erica S. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractSpelling has been identified as a key transcription skill that emerges during the elementary years as students learn how to write and subsequently develop fluency with writing, making the assessment of spelling a critical component of evaluation systems within schools. This includes the use of curriculum‐based measures of writing (CBM‐W). This study examined the extent to which word dictation CBM‐W administered during the Fall, Winter, and Spring of an academic year maintained technical adequacy across 1‐min time intervals in grades 1–3. Results revealed moderate predictive and concurrent validity estimates with the Spelling subtest of the Weschler Individual Achievement Test‐III. Statistically significant differences existed between and within grade levels across each minute of administration and across Fall, Winter, and Spring time points for all scoring procedures.
Longitudinal effects of RtI implementation on reading achievement outcomes
Authors: Grapin Sally L. , Waldron Nancy , Joyce‐Beaulieu Diana 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBecause several studies have investigated student outcomes in schools implementing Response to Intervention (RtI), relatively little research has investigated the impact of implementation on students’ long‐term achievement outcomes (i.e., several years after exposure). The purpose of this study was to describe one elementary school's RtI implementation process and to examine students’ long‐term reading comprehension outcomes following their exposure to various phases of implementation. Four cohorts of students who experienced different implementation phases (i.e., a baseline condition or Phases I, II, or III of implementation) during Grade 2 were subsequently followed across Grades 3, 4, and 5 to examine their outcomes on two reading comprehension measures. Results indicated that students who experienced the early phases of RtI implementation (i.e., Phases I and II) during Grade 2 generally had higher mean comprehension scores in Grades 4 and 5 than students in the baseline condition. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.
Living cationic polymerization of a vinyl ether with an unprotected pendant alkynyl group and their use for the protecting group‐free synthesis of macromonomer‐type glycopolymers via CuAAC with maltosyl azides
Authors: Tan Nguyen Minh , Mori Ryota , Tanaka Tomonari , Motoyanagi Jin , Minoda Masahiko 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTAn asymmetric bifunctional monomer having both an unprotected alkynyl group and a vinyl ether (VE) group (3‐[2‐(2‐vinyloxyethoxy)‐ethoxy]‐propyne [VEEP]) was newly designed and found that the polymerization of VEEP smoothly proceeded in a controlled manner under a living cationic polymerization condition to give alkyne‐substituted polyVE (polyVEEP) without any protection of the pendant alkynyl function. Next, the use of an initiator with a methacryloyl moiety for the living cationic polymerization of VEEP afforded macromonomer‐type polyVE (MA‐PVEEP) carrying pendant alkynyl groups. The potential ability of the resultant macromonomer as an alkyne‐substituted polymer for the copper(I)‐catalyzed alkyne‐azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) was also confirmed. A novel macromonomer‐type glycopolymer [MA‐P(VE‐Mal)] having pendant maltose residues and a terminal methacryloyl group was successfully synthesized by CuAAC of MA‐PVEEP with maltosyl azide. Thus, a new pathway to the controlled synthesis of macromonomer‐type glycopolymers of free from any protecting/deprotecting processes was demonstrated. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 681–688
Liquid crystalline epoxy resin with improved thermal conductivity by intermolecular dipole–dipole interactions
Authors: Jeong Iseul , Kim Chae Bin , Kang Dong‐Gue , Jeong Kwang‐Un , Jang Se Gyu , You Nam‐Ho , Ahn Seokhoon , Lee Dai‐Soo , Goh Munju 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTTo address tremendous needs for developing efficiently heat dissipating materials with lightweights, a series of liquid crystalline epoxy resins (LCEs) are designed and synthesized as thermally conductive matrix. All prepared LCEs possess epoxies at the molecular side positions and cyanobiphenyl mesogenic end groups. Based on several experimental results such as differential scanning calorimetry, polarized optical microscopy, and X‐ray diffraction, it is found that the LCEs exhibited liquid crystalline mesophases. When LCE is cured with a diamine crosslinker, the cured LCE maintains the oriented LC domain formed in the uncured state, ascribing to a presence of dipole–diploe and π–π interactions between cyanobiphenyl mesogenic end groups. Due to the anisotropic molecular orientation, the cured LCE exhibits a high thermal conductivity of 0.46 W m−1 K−1, which is higher than those of commercially available crystalline or amorphous epoxy resins. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 708–715
A psychological intervention (ConquerFear) for treating fear of cancer recurrence: Views of study therapists regarding sustainability
Authors: Butow Phyllis , Williams Douglas , Thewes Belinda , Tesson Stephanie , Sharpe Louise , Smith Allan Ben , Fardell Joanna E. , Turner Jane , Gilchrist Jemma , Girgis Afaf , Beith Jane ,   the Conquer Fear Authorship Group
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectiveConquerFear is a metacognitive intervention for fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) with proven efficacy immmediately and 6 months post‐treatment. This qualitative study documented barriers and facilitators to the sustainability of ConquerFear from the perspective of study therapists.MethodsFourteen therapists who had delivered ConquerFear in a randomised controlled trial completed a semi‐structured phone interview, reaching theoretical saturation. Themes from thematic analysis were mapped to the Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (PARiHS) implementation framework.ResultsParticipants were 13 males and one female with, on average, 14 years psycho‐oncology experience. Nine over‐arching themes were identified, falling into three domains, which when present, were facilitators, and if absent, were barriers: evidence (intervention credibility, experienced efficacy, perceived need for intervention); context (positive attitude to and capacity for survivorship/FCR care, favourable therapist orientation and flexibility, strong referral pathways); and facilitation of implementation (intervention/service fit, intervention/patient fit, and training, support, and provided resources).ConclusionsConquerFear is a sustainable intervention in routine clinical practise. Facilitators included a sound evidence base; a receptive context; good fit between the intervention, therapist orientation, and patient need; and flexibility of delivery. Where absent, these factors served as barriers. These results have implications for enhancing uptake of psycho‐oncology interventions in routine care.
Multicomponent QM study on the reaction of HOSO + NO2 with H2O: Nuclear quantum effect on structure and reaction energy profile
Authors: Sugimoto Hideya , Tachikawa Masanori , Udagawa Taro 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe hydrogen transfer reaction in the reaction of HOSO + NO2 with and without H2O have been investigated using multicomponent quantum‐mechanics method, which can directly take nuclear quantum effect (NQE) of light nuclei into account. For the case of the reaction without H2O, our calculation reveals that the reaction leading to trans‐HONO is preferred. For the reaction with H2O, water‐non‐mediated and water‐mediated (hydrogen‐relay) hydrogen transfer mechanism are investigated. The NQE of hydrogen nucleus lowers the relative energy of the stationary point structures and reduces the activation barrier of the reactions. The largest stabilization is found in the transition state structure of the hydrogen‐relay type reaction. H/D isotope effects for the reactions are also analyzed. In particular, H/D isotope effect on the activation barrier is analyzed in detail with the aid of the active strain model.
Strontium isotope ratios of human hair from the United States: Patterns and aberrations
Authors: Tipple Brett J. , Valenzuela Luciano O. , Chau Thuan H. , Hu Lihai , Bataille Clement P. , Chesson Lesley A. , Ehleringer James R. 
Published: December 2018

RationaleStrontium isotope ratios (87Sr/86Sr) of hair may be a valuable tool to estimate human provenance. However, the systematics and mechanisms controlling spatial variation in 87Sr/86Sr of modern human hair remain unclear. Here, we measure 87Sr/86Sr of hair specimens from across the USA to assess the presence of geospatial relationships.MethodsNinety‐eight human hair specimens were collected from salon/barbershop floors in 48 municipalities throughout the conterminous USA. [Sr] and 87Sr/86Sr ratios were measured from hair using quadrupole and multi‐collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometers, respectively. The [Sr] and 87Sr/86Sr ratios of hair were compared with the measured [Sr] and 87Sr/86Sr ratios of tap waters from the collection locations. In addition, the 87Sr/86Sr ratio of hair was compared with the modeled ratios of bedrock and surface waters.ResultsHair color was independent of the 87Sr/86Sr ratio, but related to [Sr]. The 87Sr/86Sr ratios of hair and leachate were not statistically different and were positively correlated; however, in several hair‐leachate pairs, the ratios were conspicuously different. The 87Sr/86Sr ratios of both hair and leachate were linearly correlated with tap water. The 87Sr/86Sr ratio of hair was also significantly correlated with the modeled ratio of bedrock and surface waters, although the 87Sr/86Sr ratio of hair was most strongly correlated with the measured ratio of tap water.ConclusionsThe 87Sr/86Sr ratio of hair is related to the ratio of tap water, which varied geographically. The ratio of hair provided geographic information about an individual's recent residence. Differences in the 87Sr/86Sr ratios of hair and hair leachate may be concomitant with travel and could potentially be used as a screening tool to identify recent movements.
How do middle school girls of color develop STEM identities? Middle school girls’ participation in science activities and identification with STEM careers
Authors: Kang Hosun , Calabrese Barton Angela , Tan Edna , D. Simpkins Sandra , Rhee Hyang‐yon , Turner Chandler 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis study explores ways to support girls of color in forming their senses of selves in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) during the middle school years. Guided by social practice theory, we analyzed a large data set of survey responses (n = 1,821) collected at five middle schools in low‐income communities across four states in the United States. Analyses focus on the extent to which key constructs that inform girls’ development of senses of self and relations among those indicators of STEM identities varied by their race/ethnicity. Though the means of indicators sometimes varied across racial/ethnic groups, multigroup structural equation modeling analyses indicate no significant racial/ethnic differences in the relations of STEM identities, suggesting that similar supports would be equally effective for all girls during the middle school years. Girls’ self‐perception in relation to science was the strongest predictor of their identification with STEM‐related careers, and this self‐perception was positively and distinctively associated with their experiences with science at home, outside of school, and in school science classes. This study argues for strategically expanding girls’ experiences with science acrossmultiplesettings during middle school in a way that increases their positive self‐perception in and with STEM.
Disillusionment and Dilemma
Authors: Park Jong-Dae 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn this chapter, the author sets out on a journey to unlock the mystery behind Africa’s development by putting this complex issue in perspective. He traverses history and zooms in on the great ‘African paradox’, the persistent discrepancy between Africa’s perceived goals and the non-conformant reality: nation-building vs. a weak sense of nation; development vs. dependency; globalization vs. lack of industrial development. Using an illustration that conceptualizes Africa’s paradoxical development path, the chapter elaborates on the nature and consequences of the dilemmas as well as the international dynamics involved.
Engineering Rural Development for Africa
Authors: Park Jong-Dae 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe key word in this chapter is ‘change’. Here the author stresses that ‘change’ in the mindset and behaviour of the people, as well the leaders, is quintessential for Africa’s development. How can such change best be effected given Africa’s situation? The answer lies in the Saemaul Undong or the New Village Movement, which served as a powerful vehicle to engender mindset change and rural development in Korea. This chapter takes a detailed look at the Saemaul Undong and highlights Uganda’s Saemaul Undong programmes as a rare case study of the Saemaul Undong in Africa. And finally, a comprehensive Saemaul Undong scheme for Africa, consisting of various pragmatic measures, is proposed.
Re-setting the Priorities
Authors: Park Jong-Dae 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe two mottos epitomizing this chapter are ‘realizing the nature of the problems’ and ‘shifting focus to attitudes and ethics’. The underlying logic here is that because Sub-Saharan African countries have not really grasped the nature of their problems and hence have gotten their policy priorities wrong, it is imperative that this be corrected by resetting the priorities and policy measures. Given their circumstances, the author argues that there is a particularly pressing need for African countries to forcefully push for enhancement of both moral ethics and work ethics.
Enacting Bold but Harmonious Change
Authors: Park Jong-Dae 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis concluding chapter touches on the following themes: ‘recapping the fundamentals (of development)’; ‘moving from economic dualism to a medium-building approach’; the question of ‘aid-versus-business’; and the ‘last word’, the conclusion within a conclusion. The key points made here is that since the nature of Africa’s continued plight is not about means or resources, but rather is a managerial issue, ‘development as a way of life’ must be pursued. Among the ideas newly put forth, perhaps what is most significance is the medium-building approach that is a revision of John Lewis’ dual-sector theory.
Assessing the Role of Foreign Aid, Donors and Recipients
Authors: Park Jong-Dae 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis chapter focuses on the role of foreign aid and takes issue with the intellectual circles’ habit of criticizing aid and blaming donors. In order to get to the heart of the matter, the author asks a simple but a thought-provoking question: ‘Who is to be blamed?’ He moves beyond the pros and cons of aid to highlight the real dynamism that underlies this issue, to make plain that, while the limitations of foreign aid are obvious, aid is only a means to an end. Concepts like ‘reciprocal compliance’ are used to show the interactive nature of foreign assistance in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Reasons for Optimism and the Tasks at Hand
Authors: Park Jong-Dae 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn this chapter, the author offers much-needed positivity in the discourse on Africa’s development by elaborating on the reasons to be optimistic and hopeful. But this is conditional and the message is clear: African nations must have objective views of themselves and work on their advantages and potentials. The author stipulates seven reasons to be positive in this regard. Here, various physical, natural conditions and ‘human factors’ are assessed and put in perspective. The rationale behind the argument is that in essence, Africa’s problems are fundamentally human in nature rather than structural; hence, these can be overcome with efforts. The tasks of donors are also examined in view of their relevance to Africa.
Modeling of the Heat-Affected and Thermomechanically Affected Zones in a Ti-6Al-4V Inertia Friction Weld
Authors: Turner R. P. , Perumal B. , Lu Y. , Ward R. M. , Basoalto H. C. , Brooks J. W. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Inertia friction welding has been used across the aerospace, automotive, and power-generation industries for the fabrication of complex axisymmetric components for over forty years. The process involves one axisymmetric piece being held stationary and another piece being brought into contact set to rotate about its axis of symmetry by a flywheel with the system under an applied load across the joint. Plasticization at the joint interface through the frictional heating sees the two pieces bond together. The titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V has been widely studied for inertia welding applications. A successful selection of processing parameters (flywheel energy and mass, applied load) allows an inertia welding process which produces a very high-integrity weld, with a minimal heat-affected zone (HAZ) and thermomechanically affected zone (TMAZ), formed as a narrow band at the interface and extending further into the material. The width of this narrow band of heated material is dependent upon the process parameters used. A series of experimental inertia friction welds were performed using Ti-6Al-4V, and a finite element (FE) modeling framework was developed using the FE code Deform in order to predict the widths of the HAZ and TMAZ at the weld interface. The experimentally observed HAZ boundaries were correlated with the thermal fields from the FE model, while TMAZ boundaries were correlated with the Von Mises plastic strain fields.
The mediating role of borderline personality features in the relationship between childhood trauma and psychotic-like experiences in a sample of help-seeking non-psychotic adolescents and young adults
Authors: Sengutta Mary , Gawęda Łukasz , Moritz Steffen , Karow Anne 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjective:Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) often occur across different non-psychotic disorders in adolescent and young adult population and are related to early trauma. However, the mechanisms of how exposure to early trauma shapes the risk of PLEs are unclear. In our study, we investigated whether borderline personality features and further non-psychotic symptoms, i.e. factors related to both PLEs and childhood trauma, may mediate the relationship between childhood trauma and PLEs.Methods:Two hundred inpatients aged 16–21 years who were treated due to non-psychotic disorders were included. PLEs were assessed with the Prodromal Questionnaire (PQ-16). Childhood Trauma was assessed with the Adverse Childhood Experience Questionnaire (ACE). Borderline personality features were assessed by using the Borderline-Symptom Checklist (BSL-23). Presence and frequency of depressive symptoms and anxiety were assessed by Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire (GAD-7).Table 1Clinical characteristics (n = 200).Mean (SD)Male/female67/133Age18.72 (1.85)Clinical diagnosisDepressive disorder (F32.1, F32.2, F33.0, F33.1, F33.2)167 (83.5%)Anxiety disorder (F40.1, F41.0, F41.1, F41.2)51 (25.5%)ComorbiditiesPTSD26 (13.0%)Personality disorders (F60.30, F60.31, F60.4, F60.6, F60.7, F60.8, F61)124 (66.5%)Eating disorder (F50.0, F50.1, F50.2)19 (9.5%)Others (F42.1, F42.2, F45.1, F44.5, F90.0)33 (16.5%)Measures: The Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV) (SCID-I) and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Personality Disorders II (SCID-II) were used to identify the clinical diagnoses.Results:A significant relationship between childhood trauma (ACE total score) and PLEs was found (ß = 0.30, 95% CI 0.247--0.659). In particular, emotional neglect (r = 0.298, p < 0.001) and sexual abuse (r = 0.264, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with PLEs. Borderline personality features fully mediated the relationship of childhood trauma and PLEs (ß = 0.12, 95% CI: -0.019--0.370). Anxiety and Depression showed a significant, but partial mediation of the relationship.Conclusion:Borderline personality features seem to be an important mediator of the relationship between childhood trauma and PLEs in adolescent patients with different non-psychotic psychiatric disorders. Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed.
The effects of skeletal asymmetry on interpreting biologic variation and taphonomy in the fossil record
Authors: Hedrick Brandon P. , Schachner Emma R. , Rivera Gabriel , Dodson Peter , Pierce Stephanie E. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBiologic asymmetry is present in all bilaterally symmetric organisms as a result of normal developmental instability. However, fossilized organisms, which have undergone distortion due to burial, may have additional asymmetry as a result of taphonomic processes. To investigate this issue, we evaluated the magnitude of shape variation resulting from taphonomy on vertebrate bone using a novel application of fluctuating asymmetry. We quantified the amount of total variance attributed to asymmetry in a taphonomically distorted fossil taxon and compared it with that of three extant taxa. The fossil taxon had an average of 27% higher asymmetry than the extant taxa. In spite of the high amount of taphonomic input, the major axes of shape variation were not greatly altered by removal of the asymmetric component of shape variation. This presents the possibility that either underlying biologic trends drive the principal directions of shape change irrespective of asymmetric taphonomic distortion or that the symmetric taphonomic component is large enough that removing only the asymmetric component is inadequate to restore fossil shape. Our study is the first to present quantitative data on the relative magnitude of taphonomic shape change and presents a new method to further explore how taphonomic processes impact our interpretation of the fossil record.
Supernova lightCURVE POPulation Synthesis I: Including interacting binaries is key to understanding the diversity of type II supernova lightcurves
Authors: Eldridge J. J. , Xiao L. , Stanway E. R. , Rodrigues N. , Guo N.-Y. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWe present results of a supernova lightcurve population synthesis, predicting the range of possible supernova lightcurves arising from a population of progenitor stars that include interacting binary systems. We show that the known diversity of supernova lightcurves can be interpreted as arising from binary interactions. Given detailed models of the progenitor stars, we are able to the determine what parameters within these stars determine the shape of their supernova lightcurve. The primary factors are the mass of supernova ejecta and the mass of hydrogen in the final progenitor. We find that there is a continuum of lightcurve behaviour from type IIP, IIL, to IIb supernovae related to the range of hydrogen and ejecta masses. Most type IIb supernovae arise from a relatively narrow range of initial masses from 10 to 15 M⊙. We also find a few distinct lightcurves that are the result of stellar mergers.