bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advancing Energy Performance in Oil and Gas Industry through Systematic Implementation of Energy Efficiency Programs by Applying an Operational Excellence Model
Authors: K. M Hashim , D. K. S Ng , Hassim Mimi H. 
Published: June 2019

Energy performance has becoming one of the top global discussion subjects due to the facts of hiked in fossil fuel price, changed in living standards, increased in Green House Gas (GHG) awareness as well as fair business practices such as subsidies and environment regulations. It has pushed societal expectations on oil companies’ especially National Oil Companies (NOCs) located in Middle East to rigorously conserve energy and explore ways to enhance its performance. In current industrial practice, Energy Efficiency Programs (EEP) is one of typical initiatives that have been evolving since the late 1990s. However, its progress has just been seen and unfortunately, NOCs are far away from a matured management in addressing EEP expectations. Most of NOCs consider EEP as an ambition, rather than a condition applying to all levels of the businesses. In fact, cost reduction is a main focus rather than to execute right energy conservation strategies and more seriously, lack of a dedicated focus to efficiently use energy resources. This paper presents a methodology that can induce rapid deployment and implementation of a customized EEP. The methodology requires to embed the EEP into the Operation Excellence Model (OEM), a well structured organization’ management framework model as defined by European Foundation of Quality Management (EFQM). Since OEM is company-wide initiative, therefore it can be a perfect vehicle to drive EEP in reaching maturity. Through a successful case study, this methodology has proven to drastically improve the implementation pace of EEP and drive tremendous reduction in energy consumption as well as GHG emissions.
Football in Turkey from 1960 to Present Day: Unpreventable Violence
Authors: Reyhan Servet 
Published: June 2019

This study seeks to investigate the issue of violence in football in Turkey from 1960 up to present day along with incidents, riots and stampedes that occurred related to violence in football. The study was conducted considering three main periods, which are from 1960 to 1980, 1980 to 2000 and finally 2000 and today. The reason why these particular periods were chosen was that each period had its own characteristics related to football-related violence and other aspects that affected it. To collect data, 15 members of fan groups were interviewed related to the football-related violence. Furthermore, the study took into account not only physical aspect of violence but also social and psychological aspect of it. Findings revealed that Turkey has been a country where football-related violence has never been completely prevented due to reasons such as coups, coup attempts, political issues, social behaviors shaped by these political issues, regulations and media considering these periods. And based on the participant opinions, it was found that main actors responsible for the violence are top officials in the football federation, politicians and media. As a result, football-related violence remains to be a major problem in football games not only on the pitch but also off the pitch.
Fast skeletal muscle troponin activator CK‐2066260 increases fatigue resistance by reducing the energetic cost of muscle contraction
Authors: Cheng Arthur J. , Hwee Darren T. , Kim Leo H. , Durham Nickie , Yang Hsiao T. , Hinken Aaron C. , Kennedy Adam R. , Terjung Ronald L. , Jasper Jeffrey R. , Malik Fady I. , Westerblad Håkan 
Published: June 2019

Key points
Skeletal muscle fatigue limits performance in various physical activities, with exercise intolerance being a key symptom in a broad spectrum of diseases.
We investigated whether a small molecule fast skeletal troponin activator (FSTA), CK‐2066260, can mitigate muscle fatigue by reducing the cytosolic free [Ca2+] required to produce a given submaximal force and hence decreasing the energy requirement.
Isolated intact single mouse muscle fibres and rat muscles in‐situ treated with CK‐2066260 showed improved muscle endurance., which was accompanied by decreased ATP demand and reduced glycogen usage.
CK‐2066260 treatment improved in‐vivo exercise capacity in healthy rats and in a rat model of peripheral artery insufficiency.
In conclusion, we show that the FSTA CK‐2066260 effectively counteracts muscle fatigue in rodent skeletal muscle in vitro, in situ, and in vivo. This may translate to humans and provide a promising pharmacological treatment to patients suffering from severe muscle weakness and exercise intolerance.
AbstractSkeletal muscle fatigue limits performance during physical exercise and exacerbated muscle fatigue is a prominent symptom among a broad spectrum of diseases. The present study investigated whether skeletal muscle fatigue is affected by the fast skeletal muscle troponin activator (FSTA) CK‐2066260, which increases myofibrillar Ca2+ sensitivity and amplifies the submaximal force response. Because more force is produced for a given Ca2+, we hypothesized that CK‐2066260 could mitigate muscle fatigue by reducing the energetic cost of muscle activation. Isolated single mouse muscle fibres were fatigued by 100 repeated 350 ms contractions while measuring force and the cytosolic free [Ca2+] or [Mg2+] ([Mg2+]i). When starting fatiguing stimulation at matching forces (i.e. lower stimulation frequency with CK‐2066260): force was decreased by ∼50% with and by ∼75% without CK‐2066260; [Mg2+]i was increased by ∼10% with and ∼32% without CK‐2066260, reflecting a larger decrease in [ATP] in the latter. The glycogen content in in situ stimulated rat muscles fatigued by repeated contractions at matching forces was about two times higher with than without CK‐2066260. Voluntary exercise capacity, assessed by rats performing rotarod exercise and treadmill running, was improved in the presence of CK‐2066260. CK‐2066260 treatment also increased skeletal muscle fatigue resistance and exercise performance in a rat model of peripheral artery insufficiency. In conclusion, we demonstrate that the FSTA CK‐2066260 mitigates skeletal muscle fatigue by reducing the metabolic cost of force generation.
Urinary Hydroxyproline Is Only Suitable As a Biomarker for Acute Intake, Up to 6 hr Postingestion of Collagen Proteins in “Free-Living,” Healthy, Active Males
Authors: Alcock Rebekah D. , Shaw Gregory C. , Tee Nicolin , Welvaert Marijke , Burke Louise M. 
Published: June 2019

The urinary excretion of hydroxyproline (Hyp), abundant in collagen protein, may serve as a biomarker of habitual collagen intake, assisting with investigations of current interest in the role of dietary collagen intake in supporting the synthesis of collagenous body tissues. This study investigated the time course of urinary Hyp excretion in “free-living,” healthy, active males following the ingestion of a standardized bolus (20 g) of collagenous (gelatin and a hydrolyzed collagen powder) and dairy (calcium caseinate and hydrolyzed casein) proteins. The excretion of Hyp was assessed over a 24-hr period, separated into three collection periods: 0–6, 6–12, and 12–24 hr. Hyp was elevated for 0–6 hr after the consumption of collagen-containing supplements (gelatin 31.3 ± 8.8 mmol/mol and hydrolyzed collagen 33.7 ± 22.0 mmol/mol vs. baseline: gelatin 2.4 ± 1.7 mmol/mol and hydrolyzed collagen 2.8 ± 1.5 mmol/mol; p < .05), but not for the dairy protein supplements (calcium caseinate 3.4 ± 1.7 mmol/mol and hydrolyzed casein 4.0 ± 3.7 mmol/mol; p > .05). Therefore, urinary Hyp reflects an acute intake of collagenous protein, but is not suitable as a biomarker for quantifying habitual collagen intake, provided through regular dietary practices in “free-living,” healthy, active males.
Four Days of Blueberry Powder Supplementation Lowers the Blood Lactate Response to Running But Has No Effect on Time-Trial Performance
Authors: Brandenburg Jason P. , Giles Luisa V. 
Published: June 2019

Blueberries are abundant with anthocyanins possessing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. As these properties combat fatigue and promote recovery, blueberry supplementation may enhance performance and recovery. Thus, the objectives were to examine the effects of two blueberry supplementation protocols on running performance, physiological responses, and short-term recovery. Using a randomized, double-blind, placebo (PLA)-controlled crossover design, 14 runners completed an 8-km time trial (TT) after supplementation with 4 days of blueberries (4DAY), 4 days of a PLA, or 2 days of placebo followed by 2 days of blueberries (2DAY). Heart rate and ratings of perceived exertion were monitored during the TT. Blood lactate, vertical jump, reactive strength index, and salivary markers were assessed before and after. No significant differences were observed for time to complete the TT (PLA: 3,010 ± 459 s; 2DAY: 3,014 ± 488 s; 4DAY: 3,011 ± 423 s), heart rate, ratings of perceived exertion, or any of the salivary markers. An interaction effect (p = .027) was observed for blood lactate, with lower post-TT concentrations in 4DAY (5.4 ± 2.0 mmol/L) than PLA (6.6 ± 2.5 mmol/L; p = .038) and 2DAY (7.4 ± 3.4 mmol/L; p = .034). Post-TT decreases in vertical jump height were not different, whereas the decline in reactive strength index was less following 4DAY (−6.1% ± 13.5%) than the other conditions (PLA: −12.6% ± 10.1%; 2DAY: −11.6% ± 11.5%; p = .038). Two days of supplementation did not influence performance or physiological stress. Although 4 days of supplementation did not alter performance, it blunted the increase in blood lactate, perhaps reflecting altered lactate production and/or clearance, and offset the decrease in dynamic muscle function post-TT, as indicated by the reactive strength index differences.
Chronic Hepatitis B stigma in Ghana: a qualitative study with patients and providers
Authors: Adjei Charles Ampong , Stutterheim Sarah E , Naab Florence , Ruiter Robert A C 
Published: June 2019

ObjectiveThis study explored beliefs contributing to Hepatitis B stigma, and the ways in which Hepatitis B stigma manifests, from the perspectives of people with chronic Hepatitis B as well as healthcare providers in Northern and Southern Ghana.DesignWe used an exploratory qualitative design with a purposive sampling technique. Face-to-face interviews and focus group discussions were conducted. Data were processed using QSR Nvivo V.10.0 and analysed using inductive thematic analysis.SettingsParticipants were recruited from one tertiary and one regional hospital in Ghana between February and November 2017.ParticipantsOverall, 18 people with chronic Hepatitis B (PWHB) and 47 healthcare providers (primary care physicians, nurses and midwives) between the ages of 21 and 57 years participated in the study.ResultsPWHB face stigma in their sociocultural context and the healthcare environment. Three main beliefs underlying stigma were found: (1) the belief that Hepatitis B is highly contagious; (2) the belief that Hepatitis B is very severe and (3) the belief that Hepatitis B is caused by curses. Stigmatisation manifested as avoidance and social isolation (discrimination). In healthcare settings, stigmatisation manifested as excessive cautiousness, procedure postponement or avoidance, task-shifting and breaches of confidentiality.ConclusionsGiven the prevalence of incorrect knowledge, as reflected in the beliefs about Hepatitis B, we recommend public awareness campaigns that emphasise Hepatitis B transmission routes. Also, given the manifestations of the stigma in healthcare settings, we recommend the development and implementation of a continuing professional development programme on Hepatitis B and adjusted policy on Hepatitis B vaccination for Healthcare providers (HCPs).
Relationship betweenHelicobacter pyloriinfection and osteoporosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Taiwu , Li Xiang , Zhang Qi , Ge Bingjie , Zhang Jinhai , Yu Lei , Cai Tongjian , Zhang Yao , Xiong Hongyan 
Published: June 2019

ObjectivesMany studies have explored the association betweenHelicobacter pyloriinfection and osteoporosis. However, the results remain controversial. Therefore, we performed this systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the association betweenH. pyloriinfection and osteoporosis.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis of case–control studies.Data sourcesDatabases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, were screened from inception to 30 April 2018.Eligibility criteriaCase–control studies aimed at assessing the association betweenH. pyloriinfection and osteoporosis.Data extraction and analysisStudy characteristics and study quality sections were reviewed. Studies were selected, and data were extracted by two reviewers. Pooled ORs and 95% CIs were calculated using random effects model if heterogeneity existed; otherwise, fixed effects model was used. Subgroup analyses were performed to explore the source of heterogeneity. Publication bias and sensitivity analyses were also tested.ResultsA total of 21 studies with 9655 participants were included in our analyses. Taking together, we found thatH. pyloriinfection was associated with increased odds of osteoporosis (OR (95% CI): 1.39 (1.13 to 1.71)); there was no significant difference between osteoporosis and osteopaenia; the association between osteoporosis andH. pyloriinfection was relatively higher in men than women but did not reach significant level. However, the decrease of bone mineral density inH. pylori-positive patients was not significant when compared withH. pylorinegative controls, which may due to the sample size.ConclusionsOur meta-analysis suggests an association between osteoporosis andH. pyloriinfection. The clinicians should pay more attention to the patients infected withH. pylori. Further studies were still needed to exploring the confounding factors among studies and to elucidate the underlying biological mechanisms.
Identifying diverse concepts of discharge failure patients at emergency department in the USA: a large-scale retrospective observational study
Authors: Schrader Chet D , Robinson Richard D , Blair Somer , Shaikh Sajid , d’Etienne James P , Kirby Jessica J , Cheeti Radhika , Zenarosa Nestor R , Wang Hao 
Published: June 2019

ObjectivesIdentifying patients who are at high risk for discharge failure allows for implementation of interventions to improve their care. However, discharge failure is currently defined in literature with great variability, making targeted interventions more difficult. We aim to derive a screening tool based on the existing diverse discharge failure models.Design, setting and participantsThis is a single-centre retrospective cohort study in the USA. Data from all patients discharged from the emergency department were collected from 1 January 2015 through 31 December 2017 and followed up within 30 days.MethodsScoring systems were derived using modified Framingham methods. Sensitivity, specificity and area under the receiver operational characteristic (AUC) were calculated and compared using both the broad and restricted discharge failure models.ResultsA total of 227 627 patients were included. TheScreening forHealthcare fOllow-UpTool (SHOUT) scoring system was derived based on the broad and restricted discharge failure models and applied back to the entire study cohort. A sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 71% were found in SHOUT scores to identify patients with broad discharge failure with AUC of 0.83 (95% CI 0.83 to 0.84). When applied to a 3-day restricted discharge failure model, a sensitivity of 86% and a specificity of 60% were found to identify patients with AUC of 0.79 (95% CI 0.78 to 0.80).ConclusionThe SHOUT scoring system was derived and used to screen and identify patients that would ultimately become discharge failures, especially when using broad definitions of discharge failure. The SHOUT tool was internally validated and can be used to identify patients across a wide spectrum of discharge failure definitions.
A novel group parenting intervention to reduce emotional and behavioural difficulties in young autistic children: protocol for the Autism Spectrum Treatment and Resilience pilot randomised controlled trial
Authors: Palmer Melanie , Tarver Joanne , Paris Perez Juan , Cawthorne Thomas , Romeo Renee , Stringer Dominic , Hallett Victoria , Mueller Joanne , Breese Lauren , Hollett Megan , Beresford Bryony , Knapp Martin , Slonims Vicky , Pickles Andrew , Simonoff Emily , Scott Stephen , Charman Tony 
Published: June 2019

IntroductionThe majority of young autistic children display impairing emotional and behavioural difficulties that contribute to family stress. There is some evidence that behavioural parenting interventions are effective for reducing behavioural difficulties in autistic children, with less evidence assessing change in emotional difficulties. Previous trials have tended to use unblinded parent-report measures as primary outcomes and many do not employ an active control, limiting the conclusions that can be drawn.Methods and analysisThe Autism Spectrum Treatment and Resilience study is a pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT) testing the specific effect of a 12-week group parenting intervention (Predictive Parenting) on primary and secondary outcomes, in comparison to an attention control condition consisting of psychoeducation parent groups. Following a feasibility study to test research procedures and the interventions, the pilot RCT participants include 60 parents of autistic children aged 4–8 years who are randomised to Predictive Parenting versus the attention control. Measures are administered at baseline and post intervention to assess group differences in child and parent outcomes, costs and service use and adverse events. The primary outcome is an objective measure of child behaviours that challenge during interactions with their parent and a researcher. The trial aims to provide data on recruitment, retention, completion of measures and acceptability of the intervention and research protocol, in addition to providing a preliminary indication of potential efficacy and establishing an effect size that could be used to power a larger-scale efficacy trial. We will also provide preliminary estimates of the cost-effectiveness of the interventions.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was granted from NHS Camden and Kings Cross Research Ethics Committee (ref: 16/LO/1769) along with NHS R&D approval from South London and Maudsley, Guy’s and St Thomas', and Croydon Health Services NHS Trusts. The findings will be disseminated through publication in peer-reviewed journals and presentations at conferences.Trial registration numberISRCTN91411078
In vitro validation of a method for neonatal urine collection and analysis
Authors: Ritchie Darren , Broadbent Roland , Medlicott Natalie , Reith David M 
Published: June 2019

ObjectiveUrine collection and analysis is important for diagnosis, monitoring of clinical progress, and research in neonates. This study aims to validate a novel methodology for neonatal urine collection, which combines the convenience of cotton ball collection with accurate timing via a urine continence monitor.DesignLaboratory model using a combined cotton ball and urinary incontinence monitor method with and without the presence of an impermeable membrane to prevent desiccation.Main outcome measuresAccuracy, bias and precision in measurement of urine volume, electrolytes (sodium, potassium, chloride), creatinine and gentamicin. Changes in analyte concentration over time, and evaporative loss of water, were tested using analysis of variance. The effects of time, temperature and humidity were explored using multivariate analysis of variance.ResultsWith the use of an impermeable membrane, sodium concentration increased from a mean (SD) of 3.57% (0.68) at 1 min to 5.03% (0.74) at 120 min. There was no significant change in potassium, chloride or creatinine concentrations. Gentamicin concentration decreased by a mean (SD) of 9.05% (1.37) by 30 min. Multivariate analysis found that absolute change in weight, sodium and chloride were only dependent on duration. Gentamicin concentration was affected by duration, humidity and temperature. Relative evaporative loss was minimal at −0.58% (0.31), and the urinary continence monitor was 100% successful at detecting urination for all time points.ConclusionsThis novel methodology provides a standardisable and practical method to collect small volumes of neonatal urine for accurate measurement of both urine output and analyte concentrations.
Transcriptome profile of skeletal muscle at different developmental stages in Large White and Mashen pigs
Authors: Guo Xiaohong , Zhang Wanfeng , Li Meng , Gao Pengfei , Hei Wei , He Zhiqiang , Wu Yiqi , Liu Juan , Cai Chunbo , Li Bugao , Cao Guoqing 
Published: June 2019

From the perspectives of promoting individual growth and development, increasing pork yield, and improving feed utilization, it is desirable to screen candidate genes underlying pig muscle growth and regulation. In this study, we investigated transcriptome differences at 1, 90, and 180 d of age in Large White and Mashen pigs, characterized differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and screened candidate genes affecting skeletal muscle growth and development. RNA-seq was applied to analyze the transcriptome of the longissimus dorsi (LD) in the two breeds. In LD samples from the two breeds at three growth stages, 7215, 6332, 237, 3935, 3404, and 846 DEGs were obtained for L01 vs. L90, L01 vs. L180, L90 vs. L180, MS01 vs. MS90, MS01 vs. MS180, and MS90 vs. MS180, respectively. Significant tendencies in DEG expression could be grouped into eight profiles. Based on the functional analysis of DEGs, 16 candidate genes related to skeletal muscle growth and development were identified, including PCK2, GNAS, ADCY2, PRKAB1, PRKAB2, PRKAG1, PRKAG2, PHKA1, PHKA2, PHKG1, PHKG2, ITPR3, IGF1R, FGFR4, FGF1, and FGF18. The results of this study thus provide a theoretical basis for the mechanisms and candidate genes underlying skeletal muscle development in pigs.