bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transient self-organisation of DNA coated colloids directed by enzymatic reactions
Authors: Dehne H. , Reitenbach A. , Bausch A. R. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDynamic self-organisation far from equilibrium is a key concept towards building autonomously acting materials. Here, we report the coupling of an antagonistic enzymatic reaction of RNA polymerisation and degradation to the aggregation of micron sized DNA coated colloids into fractal structures. A transient colloidal aggregation process is controlled by competing reactions of RNA synthesis of linker strands by a RNA polymerase and their degradation by a ribonuclease. By limiting the energy supply (NTP) of the enzymatic reactions, colloidal clusters form and subsequently disintegrate without the need of external stimuli. Here, the autonomous colloidal aggregation and disintegration can be modulated in terms of lifetime and cluster size. By restricting the enzyme activity locally, a directed spatial propagation of a colloidal aggregation and disintegration front is realised.
Reduced False Positives and Improved Reporting of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification using Quenched Fluorescent Primers
Authors: Hardinge Patrick , Murray James A. H. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractLoop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is increasingly used in molecular diagnostics as an alternative to PCR based methods. There are numerous reported techniques to detect the LAMP amplification including turbidity, bioluminescence and intercalating fluorescent dyes. In this report we show that quenched fluorescent labels on various LAMP primers can be used to quantify and detect target DNA molecules down to single copy numbers. By selecting different fluorophores, this method can be simply multiplexed. Moreover this highly specific LAMP detection technique can reduce the incidence of false positives originating from mispriming events. Attribution of these events to particular primers will help inform and improve LAMP primer design.
Features of the cervicovaginal microenvironment drive cancer biomarker signatures in patients across cervical carcinogenesis
Authors: Łaniewski Paweł , Cui Haiyan , Roe Denise J. , Barnes Dominique , Goulder Alison , Monk Bradley J. , Greenspan David L. , Chase Dana M. , Herbst-Kralovetz Melissa M. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPersistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the vital factor driving cervical carcinogenesis; however, other features of the local cervicovaginal microenvironment (CVM) may play a critical role in development of precancerous cervical dysplasia and progression to invasive cervical carcinoma (ICC). Here we investigated relationships between locally secreted cancer biomarkers and features of the local CVM to better understand the complex interplay between host, virus and vaginal microbiota (VMB). We enrolled women with ICC, high- and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, as well as, HPV-positive and healthy HPV-negative controls. A broad range of cancer biomarkers was present in the local CVM and specifically elevated in ICC patients. The majority of cancer biomarkers were positively correlated to other biomarkers and linked to genital inflammation. Several cancer biomarkers were also negatively correlated to Lactobacillus abundance and positively correlated with abnormal vaginal pH. Finally, a hierarchical clustering analysis of cancer biomarkers and immune mediators revealed three patient clusters, which varied in levels of cancer biomarkers, genital inflammation, vaginal pH and VMB composition. Specific cancer biomarkers discriminated patients with features of the CVM, such as high genital inflammation, elevated vaginal pH and dysbiotic non-Lactobacillus-dominant VMB, that have been associated with HPV persistence, dysplasia and progression to ICC.
A de novo transcriptome assembly approach elucidates the dynamics of ovarian maturation in the swordfish (Xiphias gladius)
Authors: Gioacchini Giorgia , Marisaldi Luca , Basili Danilo , Candelma Michela , Pignalosa Paolo , Aiese Cigliano Riccardo , Sanseverino Walter , Hardiman Gary , Carnevali Oliana 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe Mediterranean swordfish (Xiphias gladius) has been recently classified as overfished and in 2016, the International Commission for the Conservation of the Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT) established a multi-annual management plan to recover this stock. To successfully achieve this goal, knowledge about swordfish biology is needed. To date, few studies on swordfish have been performed and none of them has provided useful insights into the reproductive biology at molecular level. Here we set to characterise the molecular dynamics underlying ovarian maturation by employing a de novo transcriptome assembly approach. Differential gene expression analysis in mature and immature ovaries identified a number of differentially expressed genes associated with biological processes driving ovarian maturation. Focusing on ovarian steroidogenesis and vitellogenin uptake, we depict the molecular dynamics characterizing these processes while a phylogenetic analysis let us identify a candidate vitellogenin receptor. This is the first swordfish transcriptome assembly and these findings provide in-depth understanding of molecular processes describing ovarian maturation. Moreover, the establishment of a publicly available database containing information on the swordfish transcriptome aims to boost research on this species with the long-term of developing more comprehensive and successful stock management plans.
QTL architecture of vine growth habit and gibberellin oxidase gene diversity in wild soybean (Glycine soja)
Authors: Wang Ruikai , Liu Li , Kong Jiejie , Xu Zhiyong , Akhter Bhat Javaid , Zhao Tuanjie 
Published: May 2019

AbstractVine growth habit (VGH) is a beneficial phenotype in many wild plants, and is considered an important domesticated-related trait in soybean. However, its genetic basis remains largely unclear. Hence, in the present study we used an integrated strategy combining linkage mapping and population genome diversity analyses to reveal the genetics of VGH in soybean. In this regard, two recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations derived by crossing a common wild soybean genotype (PI342618B) with two cultivated lines viz., NN 86-4 and NN 493-1 were used to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) for VGH. Here, we identified seven and five QTLs at flowering stage (R1) and maturity stage (R8), respectively, and among them qVGH-18-1, qVGH-18-2, qVGH-19-3, qVGH-19-4 were identified as major loci (R2 > 10% and detection time ≥2). However, qVGH-18-2 was considered as a main QTL for VGH being consistently identified in both RIL populations as well as all growth stages and cropping years. Out of all the annotated genes within qVGH-18-2, Glyma18g06870 was identified as the candidate gene and named as VGH1, which was a gibberellin oxidase (GAox) belongs to 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase (2- ODD). Interestingly, there was one member of 2-ODD/GAox in qVGH-18-1 and qVGH-19-4 named as VGH2 and VGH3, respectively. Moreover, from sequencing data analysis VGH1 and three other GAox genes were found significantly divergent between vine and erect soybean with FST value larger than 0.25. Hence, GAox was assumed to play a major role in governing inheritance of VGH in soybean. Therefore, elucidating the genetic mechanism of GAox is very useful for exploring VGH and other stem traits, as well as genetic improvement of plant type in soybean.
Adiponectin and the risk of new-onset atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies
Authors: Guo Ying , Liu Lixin , Wang Jianjun 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background: Adiponectin has been suggested as a marker of many cardiovascular diseases. However, the association between serum adiponectin and incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in general population remains unclear. A meta-analysis was performed to systematically evaluate the potential influence of serum adiponectin at baseline on the incidence of AF during follow-up in general population.
Methods: Prospective cohort studies were identified via electronic search of PubMed and Embase databases. A randomized effect model was applied to combine the results. Predefined subgroup analyses were performed to evaluate the influence of study characteristics on the association between baseline adiponectin and risk of new-onset AF.
Results: Six cohort studies with 18558 community-derived participants were included, and 3165 AF cases were developed with a mean follow-up duration of up to 22 years. Meta-analysis showed that higher baseline circulating adiponectin was significantly associated with higher risk of new-onset AF during follow-up (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.17, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08–1.27, P&lt;0.001, I2 = 52%). Subgroup analyses showed that the association between adiponectin and new-onset AF was significant in studies with mean follow-up duration over 10 years (five cohorts, HR = 1.22, P&lt;0.001), but not in that with a follow-up duration &lt; 10 years (one cohort, HR = 0.95, P=0.51; P for subgroup difference = 0.002).
Conclusions: Higher circulating adiponectin at baseline may be an independent risk factor for the development of new-onset AF during follow-up, particularly in cohort studies with longer follow-up durations.
Engineering blood vessels and vascularized tissues: technology trends and potential clinical applications
Authors: Chandra Prafulla , Atala Anthony 
Published: May 2019

AbstractVascular tissue engineering has the potential to make a significant impact on the treatment of a wide variety of medical conditions, including providing in vitro generated vascularized tissue and organ constructs for transplantation. Since the first report on the construction of a biological blood vessel, significant research and technological advances have led to the generation of clinically relevant large and small diameter tissue engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs). However, developing a biocompatible blood-contacting surface is still a major challenge. Researchers are using biomimicry to generate functional vascular grafts and vascular networks. A multi-disciplinary approach is being used that includes biomaterials, cells, pro-angiogenic factors and microfabrication technologies. Techniques to achieve spatiotemporal control of vascularization include use of topographical engineering and controlled-release of growth/pro-angiogenic factors. Use of decellularized natural scaffolds has gained popularity for engineering complex vascularized organs for potential clinical use. Pre-vascularization of constructs prior to implantation has also been shown to enhance its anastomosis after implantation. Host-implant anastomosis is a phenomenon that is still not fully understood. However, it will be a critical factor in determining the in vivo success of a TEVGs or bioengineered organ. Many clinical studies have been conducted using TEVGs, but vascularized tissue/organ constructs are still in the research & development stage. In addition to technical challenges, there are commercialization and regulatory challenges that need to be addressed. In this review we examine recent advances in the field of vascular tissue engineering, with a focus on technology trends, challenges and potential clinical applications.
Meeting the Joint Committee on Infant Hearing Standards in a Large Metropolitan Children's Hospital: Barriers and Next Steps
Authors: Awad Rebecca , Oropeza Johanna , Uhler Kristin M. 
Published: May 2019

PurposeThe aim of this study was to determine how a large metropolitan children's hospital's practices align with the Joint Committee on Infant Hearing (JCIH) 1-3-6 guidelines (diagnose hearing loss by 3 months of age, fitted with hearing aids within 1 month of diagnosis, and enroll in early intervention by 6 months of age) and examine variables that have impacted meeting these guidelines. This hospital is not a birthing hospital. Therefore, the first recommendation (hearing screen by 1 month of age) was not evaluated.MethodOne hundred forty-one auditory evoked potential evaluations for infants under the age of 6 months were reviewed for this study. Data were only gathered for infants identified with a bilateral hearing loss (n= 34). The following was recorded: degree of hearing loss, number of diagnostic sessions over time, the percentage of infants who transitioned to hearing aid fittings, and the age at which JCIH benchmarks were accomplished.ResultsSixty-two percent of infants were diagnosed with hearing loss by 3 months of age, 48% of infants were fitted with hearing aids by 4 months of age, and the average age of infants enrolled in early intervention was 4.58 months. Seventy percent of infants were fitted within 1 month of the diagnosis of hearing loss. The identified variables that led to the hearing aids being fitted greater than 1 month after the diagnosis are as follows: cancellations/missed appointments, middle ear involvement, and mild hearing loss.ConclusionsResults of this internal audit revealed opportunities for growth in better meeting and exceeding JCIH recommendations of diagnosis by 3 months of age and hearing aid fitting within 1 month of diagnosis. Adjustments in the scheduling process and appointment options have been implemented in response to these results. Additional examination of why these recommendations are not being met and what can be done to achieve them is needed.
Advanced control of OLTC‐enabled LV networks with PV systems and EVs
Authors: Franco John Fredy , Procopiou Andreas T. , Quirós‐Tortós Jairo , Ochoa Luis F. 
Published: May 2019

The simultaneous uptake of residential photovoltaic (PV) systems and electric vehicles (EVs) can lead to contrasting voltage problems (i.e. voltage rise and drop) in low‐voltage (LV) networks throughout the day. While solutions that directly manage these technologies can be effective in mitigating their impacts, they affect or require interactions with customers. A more practical alternative for distribution network operators (DNOs) is, therefore, to manage voltages using only network assets. For this purpose, two advanced methods to control on‐load tap changer fitted transformers, owned and operated by DNOs, are proposed: a rule‐based control method that only requires monitoring from remote points and a three‐phase optimal power flow‐based control method that requires full observability and adopts a simple – yet effective – forecasting to cater for future uncertainties. The performance of the proposed methods is thoroughly assessed within a stochastic approach on a real UK LV network considering realistic 1 min resolution demand, PV, and EV profiles. Results show that both methods are effective in managing contrasting voltage problems caused by both PV systems and EVs. While the optimisation method leads to the lowest number of tap changes, the rule‐based method, given its limited observability requirement, could be considered a practical interim solution.
An ultra diffuse galaxy in the NGC 5846 group from the VEGAS survey
Authors: Forbes Duncan A. , Gannon Jonah , Couch Warrick J. , Iodice Enrichetta , Spavone Marilena , Cantiello Michele , Napolitano Nicola , Schipani Pietro 
Published: May 2019

Context. Many ultra diffuse galaxies (UDGs) have now been identified in clusters of galaxies. However, the number of nearby UDGs suitable for detailed follow-up remain rare.
Aims. Our aim is to begin to identify UDGs in the environments of nearby bright early-type galaxies from the VEGAS survey.
Methods. Here we use a deep g band image of the NGC 5846 group, taken as part of the VEGAS survey, to search for UDGs.
Results. We found one object with properties of a UDG if it associated with the NGC 5846 group, which seems likely. The galaxy, we name NGC 5846_UDG1, has an absolute magnitude of Mg = −14.2, corresponding to a stellar mass of ∼108M⊙. It also reveals a system of compact sources which are likely globular clusters. Based on the number of globular clusters detected we estimate a halo mass that is greater than 8 × 1010M⊙ for UDG1.
Schwangerschaft und Geburt bei Adipositas
Authors: Stubert Johannes 
Published: May 2019

ZusammenfassungEine Adipositas in der Schwangerschaft findet sich bei 10 bis 18 % aller Frauen
in Deutschland. Sie trägt maßgeblich zu einer erhöhten Morbidität bei und wirkt
sich sowohl auf das mütterliche als auch fetale Schwangerschaftsoutcome
ungünstig aus. Besonders bei hochgradiger Adipositas ist eine intensive
Überwachung der Schwangerschaft notwendig. Die Schwangerschaft begleitende
Ernährungs- und Trainingsinterventionen können zwar dazu beitragen, die
intragravide Gewichtszunahme zu reduzieren, wirken sich aber nur unwesentlich
auf geburtshilflich relevante Risiken wie Gestationsdiabetes, hypertensive
Schwangerschaftserkrankungen oder eine fetale Makrosomie aus. Umso bedeutsamer
ist die Gewichtsoptimierung im Vorfeld einer geplanten Schwangerschaft. Bei
Frauen mit Zustand nach bariatrischer Operation sind besondere Risikoaspekte zu
berücksichtigen.
Adipositas und andere Einflussgrößen auf die sonographische
Schätzgenauigkeit makrosomer Neugeborener
Authors: Dathan-Stumpf Anne , Geide Romy , Stepan Holger 
Published: May 2019

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Ziel der Studie war die Untersuchung von Einflussgrößen auf die
sonographische Schätzgenauigkeit makrosomer Neugeborener.
Studiendesign und Methoden In die Untersuchung wurden 224 schwangere
Frauen im Alter von 16–43 Jahren eingeschlossen und deren fetale
Gewichtsschätzungen (EFW) mit den Geburtsgewichten (BW) der Neugeborenen
verglichen. Die Daten wurden monozentrisch und retrospektiv am
Universitätsklinikum Leipzig für 2014 erhoben. Eingeschlossen wurden
Einlingsschwangerschaften mit einem tatsächlichen BW ≥ 4000 g.
Ergebnisse Die Prävalenz der Makrosomie betrug 10 % (mittleres
Geburtsgewicht 4270g). Mit 80,6 % wurden die makrosomen Feten sonographisch
primär unterschätzt. Für den mittleren Schätzfehler ∆ nach Merz und Hadlock
sowie die Schätzgenauigkeit nach Entbindungsmodus und klinische Qualifikation
des Untersuchers konnten keine Signifikanzen gezeigt werden. Für das maternale
Alter, die Gewichtszunahme in der Schwangerschaft, den maternalen BMI, das
Vorliegen einer diabetischen Stoffwechsellage sowie die Fruchtwassermenge vor
Entbindung konnten ebenfalls keine signifikanten Korrelationen zum Schätzfehler
∆ gezeigt werden.
Schlussfolgerung Makrosome Neugeborene werden antenatal eher unterschätzt,
wobei der mütterliche BMI den Schätzfehler nicht beeinflusst.
Bariatrische Chirurgie und Schwangerschaft
Authors: Tauscher Anne , Stepan Holger 
Published: May 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Zunahme mütterlicher und kindlicher Morbidität durch Übergewicht, Adipositas
und übermäßige intragravide Gewichtszunahme ist unumstritten und ausreichend
untersucht. Bisherige Studien mit Gewichtsreduktion über
Lifestyle-Interventionen konnten nur unzureichend das klinische Outcome der
Schwangerschaft verbessern 3. Ob und
inwieweit mittels bariatrischer Chirurgie ein Effekt auf den
Schwangerschaftsausgang erreicht werden kann bzw. ein Risiko für eine
Schwangerschaft darstellt, soll anhand der größten zu diesem Thema vorliegenden
Fall-Kontroll-Studie erörtert werden 12.
Btk Inhibitors as First Oral Atherothrombosis-Selective Antiplatelet Drugs?
Authors: Busygina Kristina , Denzinger Viola , Bernlochner Isabell , Weber Christian , Lorenz Reinhard , Siess Wolfgang 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) is essential for B cell differentiation and proliferation, but also platelets express Btk. Patients with X-linked agammaglobulinemia due to hereditary Btk deficiency do not show bleeding, but a mild bleeding tendency is observed in high dose therapy of B-cell malignancies with ibrutinib and novel second-generation irreversible Btk inhibitors (acalabrutinib and ONO/GS-4059). This review discusses recent studies that may explain this apparent paradox and gives mechanistic insights that suggest a unique potential of low dose irreversible Btk inhibitors as atherothrombosis-focused antiplatelet drugs.
Effect of Implementing Quantitative Blood Loss Assessment at the Time of Delivery
Authors: Coviello Elizabeth , Iqbal Sara , Kawakita Tetsuya , Chornock Rebecca , Cheney Megan , Desale Sameer , Fries Melissa 
Published: May 2019

Objective To evaluate the ability of estimated blood loss (EBL) and quantitative blood loss (qBL) to predict need for blood transfusion in women with postpartum hemorrhage (PPH).
Study Design This is a retrospective chart review that identified women with PPH (>1,000 mL for vaginal or cesarean delivery) between September 2014 and August 2015, reported by EBL (n = 92), and October 2015 and September 2016, reported by qBL (n = 374). The primary metric was the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve for blood transfusion.
Results The rate of PPH by EBL and qBL was 2.8 and 10.8%, respectively (p < 0.01). The rate of transfusion for women meeting criteria for PPH by EBL and QBL were 2% (66/3,307) and 2.7% (93/3,453), respectively (p = 0.06). Postpartum transfusion was predicted by an EBL of 1,450 mL with AUC 0.826 and qBL 1,519 mL with AUC 0.764, for all modes of delivery. Postpartum vital signs and change in pre- and postdelivery hematocrit were poor predictors for transfusion.
Conclusion The rates of PPH increased with the implementation of qBL. Overall, qBL did not perform better than EBL in predicting the need for blood transfusion.
Is politics Aung San Suu Kyi’s vocation?
Authors: Myat Mon Mon 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWestern human rights activists saw Myanmar’s prominent leader Aung San Suu Kyi as an embodiment of themselves, for which she was awarded the 1991 Nobel Peace Prize for her non-violent activism. But in the context of the 2017 Rohingya crisis, her international image seemingly changed, from that of Western saint to a demon, because she did not respond to the crisis in the way the Western community expected. Her moral authority was sharply questioned in the international media for her silence on the flight of more than 700,000 refugees from Myanmar to Bangladesh. This paper describes how a conundrum for a crusader of non-violence activism like Aung San Suu Kyi occurred and how a Nobel laureate faced ethical paradoxes between moral conviction and responsibility. It is also an effective way to develop the classical sociologist Max Weber’s definition of a politician from his essay, “Politics as Vocation” to examine whether politics is Aung San Suu Kyi’s vocation.