bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Objective Method for Forecasting Thunderstorms at Truax Field, Madison, Wisconsin 1
Authors: Ardis Colby V. 
Published: August 2018

Thunderstorm activity at Madison is frontal or found in association with fronts. The objective method derived to forecast thunderstorms determines first the air mass favorable for the occurrence of thunderstorms and secondly if there is a front within 24 hr of Madison to release the latent instability needed to produce the thunderstorm.
The air-mass predictors used are (1) the Showalter Stability Index, (2) the freezing level and (3) the surface dew-point temperature at Madison. The synoptic (frontal) predictors used are (1) the difference in surface temperatures and surface dew-point temperatures, Madison minus LaCrosse, (2) the surface wind direction at Madison and (3) the three-hour pressure tendency at Madison.
The method derived is for each of the summer months June, July and August. Five years of data were used for the development of each month, and two years of data were set aside for its test. Four scatter diagrams were developed for each month from which, within minutes each morning, a forecaster can obtain a dependable “YES” or “NO” forecast of thunderstorm activity at Madison without reference to his normal techniques and procedures used to forecast thunderstorms.
The results for June, July and August based on two years data each are the following per cent correct/skill scores: 87/0.59, 91/0.62, 91/0.76, respectively.
Solar- and Sky-Radiation Integrator 1
Authors: Brown D. P. , Harvey R. A. 
Published: August 2018

An integrator, which automatically and periodically records the weighted average solar radiation from the previous period, has been developed. The instrument is used to obtain a measure of the average solar radiant energy per day. This measurement was previously obtained by manual—and often tedious—graphical analysis.
Theoretical considerations involving averaging by passive networks are presented with experimental results which show the accuracy of the instrument.
Prediction of Discharge Destination following Laryngectomy
Authors: Panwar Aru , Wang Fangfang , Lindau Robert , Militsakh Oleg , Coughlin Andrew , Smith Russell , Sayles Harlan , Lydiatt Daniel , Lydiatt William 
Published: August 2018

ObjectiveTo identify factors that may predict discharge to intermediate‐care facilities following total laryngectomy and may promote earlier discharge planning and optimize resource utilization.Study DesignRetrospective review of large national data set.SettingAcademic and nonacademic health care facilities in United States, contributing deidentified, risk‐adjusted clinical data to the American College of Surgeons’ National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS‐NSQIP).Subjects and MethodsRetrospective evaluation of the NSQIP database (2011‐2014) identified 487 patients who underwent total laryngectomy without free tissue transfer. Risk of discharge to intermediate‐care facilities was evaluated. Role of preoperative and postoperative factors and their association with discharge disposition were assessed using multivariable regression analysis.ResultsCompared to reference groups, advanced age (61‐70 years: odds ratio [OR], 3.16; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12‐8.89; >70 years: OR, 3.77; 95% CI, 1.33‐10.65), baseline functional dependence (OR, 5.61; 95% CI, 2.62‐12.02), cardiac failure (OR, 3.80; 95% CI, 1.08‐13.42), and steroid dependence (OR, 3.30; 95% CI, 1.36‐8.0) independently predicted discharge to intermediate‐care facilities.ConclusionPatients with advanced age, functional dependence, cardiac failure, and steroid dependence may benefit from preemptive counseling and discharge planning in anticipation of postlaryngectomy discharge to intermediate‐care facilities.
Applications of Augmented Reality in Otolaryngology: A Systematic Review
Authors: Wong Kevin , Yee Halina M. , Xavier Brian A. , Grillone Gregory A. 
Published: August 2018

ObjectiveAugmented reality (AR) is a rapidly developing technology. The aim of this systematic review was to (1) identify and evaluate applications of AR in otolaryngology and (2) examine trends in publication over time.Data SourcesPubMed and EMBASE.Review MethodsA systematic review was performed according to PRISMA guidelines without temporal limits. Studies were included if they reported otolaryngology‐related applications of AR. Exclusion criteria included non‐English articles, abstracts, letters/commentaries, and reviews. A linear regression model was used to compare publication trends over time.ResultsTwenty‐three articles representing 18 AR platforms were included. Publications increased between 1997 and 2018 (P <. 05). Twelve studies were level 5 evidence; 9 studies, level 4; 1 study, level 2; and 1 study, level 1. There was no trend toward increased level of evidence over time. The most common subspecialties represented were rhinology (52.2%), head and neck (30.4%), and neurotology (26%). The most common purpose of AR was intraoperative guidance (54.5%), followed by surgical planning (24.2%) and procedural simulations (9.1%). The most common source of visual inputs was endoscopes (50%), followed by eyewear (22.2%) and microscopes (4.5%). Computed tomography was the most common virtual input (83.3%). Optical trackers and fiducial markers were the most common forms of tracking and registration, respectively (38.9% and 44.4%). Mean registration error was 2.48 mm.ConclusionAR holds promise in simulation, surgical planning, and perioperative navigation. Although level of evidence remains modest, the role of AR in otolaryngology has grown rapidly and continues to expand.
Psychological morbidity and general health among family caregivers during end-of-life cancer care: A retrospective census survey
Authors: Grande Gunn , Rowland Christine , van den Berg Bernard , Hanratty Barbara 
Published: August 2018

Background: Family carers provide vital support for patients towards end-of-life, but caregiving has considerable impact on carers’ own health. The scale of this problem is unknown, as previous research has involved unrepresentative samples or failed to fully capture caregiving close to death. Aim: To quantify level of psychological morbidity and general health among a census sample of carers of people with cancer at end-of-life, compared to population reference data. Design: National 4-month post-bereavement postal census survey of family carers of people who died from cancer, retrospectively measuring carers’ psychological health (General Health Questionnaire-12) and general health (EuroQoL EQ-Visual Analogue Scale) during the patient’s last 3 months of life. Participants: N = 1504 (28.5%) of all 5271 people who registered the death of a relative from cancer in England during 2 weeks in 2015 compared with data from the Health Survey for England 2014 ( N = 6477–6790). Results: Psychological morbidity at clinically significant levels (General Health Questionnaire-12 ⩾4) was substantially higher among carers than the general population (83% vs 15%), with prevalence five to seven times higher across all age groups. Overall, carers’ general health scores were lower than population scores, median 75 (interquartile range, 50–80) versus 80 (interquartile range, 70–90), but differences were more marked at younger ages. Female carers had worse psychological morbidity and general health than male carers. Conclusion: Levels of psychological morbidity among family carers during end-of-life caregiving are far higher than indicated by previous research, indicating a substantial public health problem. Consistent assessment and support for carers to prevent breakdown in caregiving may produce cost savings in long term.
Elevated plasma aldosterone levels are associated with a reduction in retinal ganglion cell survival
Authors: Takasago Yukari , Hirooka Kazuyuki , Nakano Yuki , Kobayashi Mamoru , Ono Aoi 
Published: August 2018

Objective: The purpose of this article is to investigate the relationship between the plasma concentration of aldosterone and changes in the number of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) after systemic administration of aldosterone. Methods: An osmotic minipump that was subcutaneously implanted into the midscapular region of rats administered 40, 80 or 160 μg/kg/day aldosterone or vehicle. Enzyme immunoassay kits were used to measure the plasma aldosterone concentrations two weeks after the systemic administration of aldosterone or vehicle. Six weeks after these systemic administrations, the number of RGCs was measured. Results: The plasma aldosterone concentrations at two weeks after systemic administration of vehicle or 160 μg/kg/day aldosterone were 238 ± 17 pg/ml and 1750 ± 151 pg/ml (748.5% ± 183.2%), respectively. There was a significant decrease in the number of RGCs in the central retina of the rats after the administration of either 80 or 160 μg/kg/day aldosterone. In the peripheral retina, however, there was a significant decrease in the number of RGCs in 40, 80 or 160 μg/kg/day aldosterone. There was a significant correlation between the number of RGCs and plasma aldosterone concentration. Conclusions: After systemic administration of aldosterone, there was a negative correlation between the plasma aldosterone concentration and the number of RGCs.
Revisiting the Prevalence of Associated Copathologies in Chronic Lateral Ankle Instability: Are There Any Predictors of Outcome?
Authors: Araoye Ibukunoluwa , Pinter Zachariah , Lee Sung , Netto Cesar De Cesar , Hudson Parke , Shah Ashish 
Published: August 2018

Background: Multiple ankle pathologies have been found to coexist with chronic lateral ankle ligament instability, but their prevalence varies widely in the literature. The purpose of this study is to reexamine the prevalence of these associated pathologies and to determine their impact on reoperation rate. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 382 cases of lateral ankle ligament repair/reconstruction between June 2006 and November 2016. Patient charts and radiograph reports were examined for the presence of any associated foot and ankle pathologies as well as clinical course. The effect of copathologies on reoperation rate was examined using binary logistic regression and the χ2 test. Results: We included a total of 99 cases. Copathologies included peroneal pathology (75/99, 75.8%), ankle impingement (40/99, 40.4%), and osteochondral lesion of the talus (17/99, 17.2%); 36.4% (36/99) had a low-lying muscle belly of peroneus brevis. The total reoperation rate was 12/92 (13.1%). It was lower in cases with peroneal pathology (8.7% vs 27.5%, P = .032). Conclusion: Peroneal pathology, ankle impingement, and osteochondral lesions were the most common associated copathologies in surgical patients with chronic lateral ankle ligament instability. The presence of peroneal pathology may lead to fewer reoperations, possibly as a result of a more comprehensive first-time surgical approach. Level of Evidence: Level III: Retrospective cohort
Analysis of basal and reflex human tear osmolarity in normal subjects: assessment of tear osmolarity
Authors: Abusharha Ali A. , AlShehri Tariq M. , Hakami Abdullah Y. , Alsaqr Ali M. , Fagehi Raied A. , Alanazi Saud A. , Masmali Ali M. 
Published: August 2018

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the difference between reflex and basal tear osmolarity among healthy normal subjects. Method: The right eyes of 20 healthy normal male subjects aged 20 to 40 years were recruited for this study. The inclusion criteria for the subjects were the Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire score of less than 12 and wetting length of the phenol red thread of more than 10 mm. Tear film osmolarity was assessed using TearLab osmometer. Basic tear osmolarity was measured normally without inducing any irritation to the eye. In order to stimulate reflex tear, subjects were asked to open their eye as long as they can till they feel ocular surface irritation (minimum 20 s). Results: The mean score on the Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire was 5.5 ± 3. The mean value obtained from the phenol red thread was 21 ± 4.5 mm. There were no statistically significant differences between the osmolarity readings of basal and reflex tear osmolarity ( p > 0.05). The mean value was 308 ± 12 and 306 ± 9 mOsm/l for basic and reflex tear osmolarity, respectively. Conclusion: This study found that the osmolarity of the basal and reflex tears fell within the same range. The values found in this study are in agreement with published results for normal subjects.
Patient-Reported Survivorship Care Practices and Late Effects After Treatment of Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Frick Melissa A. , Vachani Carolyn C. , Hampshire Margaret K. , Bach Christina , Arnold-Korzeniowski Karen , Metz James M. , Hill-Kayser Christine E. 
Published: August 2018

Purpose Multimodal treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) yields excellent outcomes; however, survivors are at risk of developing myriad late and long-term effects. Methods From a convenience sample of 964 survivors of HL (37%) and NHL (63%) using a publicly available Internet-based survivorship care plan (SCP) tool between 2011 and 2016, we examined patient-reported cancer care, toxicities, and survivorship care data. Results Of all survivors, 67% were female and 84% were white and 88% were free of cancer. Median age of diagnosis was 28 years for survivors of HL and 49 years for NHL. Many survivors reported treatment with chemotherapy (92%), surgery (52%), and/or radiation (41%), with most radiation delivered to chest/mantle fields (81%). Survivors reported a diversity of radiation- and chemotherapy-related sequelae, including thyroid dysfunction, speaking and/or swallowing changes, pulmonary fibrosis/pneumonitis, heart disease, chronic fatigue, neurocognitive decline, neuropathy, sexual changes, and secondary breast cancers. Few reported receipt of previous survivorship information. Most reported management/comanagement by an oncology specialist after active treatment; however, a shift to management by primary care provider alone was observed as a trend over time in follow-up. Sixty-six percent of users who responded to a follow-up survey reported that they intend to share the SCP with their health care team. Conclusion Survivors of lymphoma, many of whom are free of disease, report a substantial burden of late and long-term adverse effects, suboptimal delivery of survivorship information, and transitions of care in follow-up in which fragmented systems and/or poor communication may contribute to unmet survivor needs. Multiple opportunities thus exist for which SCPs may be used to improve awareness regarding survivorship and associated adverse effects in addition to communicating follow-up care plans between survivors and treatment teams.
البدائل الشرعية لبيع الذهب والفضة بالتقسيط
Authors: Ameen Mahmood M. A. 
Published: August 2018

لا شك أنَّ حلي الذهب والفضة من الزينة الأصلية المقصودة التي تحتاج اليها حياة الناس، ولذلك قد تشتد رغبة طالب الحلي لشرائه، لكنه لا يجد النقود الكافية لذلك، وفي المقابل نرى أن جماهير الفقهاء ذهبوا ــ بناء على وجود طائفة من الأحاديث الصحيحة ــ الى عدم جواز بيع الحلي بالتأجيل أو التقسيط، وأقرّته المجامع الفقهية والهيئات الشرعية. والمعهود من الشرعية الاسلامية أنها إذا حظرت شيئاً قدمت البديل الحلال له، حتى لا يضطر الناس الملتزمون بأحكام الشرع الى الولوغ في المحظور. بناء على ذلك يقدم هذا البحث المتواضع مجموعة من البدائل الشرعية التي يمكن تطبيقها على مستوى الأفراد والمؤسسات والبنوك الإسلامية. وقد حصرتُ هذه البدائل في خمسة أمور، مبنية على عقود وصيغ إسلامية وهي: عن طريق عقد الاستصناع، وعقد الإجارة المنتهية بالتمليك، وعقد الوكالة بالأجر، وعقد القرض، وعقد المضاربة. وبذلك يمكن للأفراد والمؤسسات التي تريد الالتزام بأحكام الشريعة من الدخول في صفقات الذهب والفضة عبر هذه البدائل والمخارج الشرعية، تجنباً من الوقوع في محظور البيع الآجل.
On the average-case complexity of underdetermined functions
Authors: Chashkin Aleksandr V. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The average-case complexity of computation of underdetermined functions by straight-line programs with conditional stop over the basis of all at most two-place Boolean functions is considered. Correct order estimates of the average-case complexity of functions with maximum average-case complexity among all underdetermined functions are derived depending on the degree of their determinacy, the size of their domain, and the size of their support.
Combinatorial representations for the scheme of allocations of distinguishable particles into indistinguishable cells
Authors: Yu. Enatskaya Natalia 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
For a scheme of allocation of distinguishable particles into indistinguishable cells we describe types of representation, numbering and enumerating of its outcomes in terms of the transition graph; this graph allows, in particular, to find the distribution on the set of outcomes. Several methods of statistical simulation of scheme outcomes are described.
A method of graph reduction and its applications
Authors: Sirotkin Dmitrii V. , Malyshev Dmitriy S. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The independent set problem for a given simple graph is to determine the size of a maximal set of its pairwise non-adjacent vertices. We propose a new way of graph reduction leading to a new proof of the NP-completeness of the independent set problem in the class of planar graphs and to the proof of NP-completeness of this problem in the class of planar graphs having only triangular internal facets of maximal vertex degree 18.
On the structure of digraphs of polynomial transformations over finite commutative rings with unity
Authors: Victorenkov Vladimir E. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The paper describes structural characteristics of the digraph of an arbitrary polynomial transformation of a finite commutative ring with unity. A classification of vertices of the digraph is proposed: cyclic elements, initial elements, and branch points are described. Quantitative results on such objects and heights of vertices are given. Besides, polynomial transformations are shown to have cycles whose lengths coincide with the lengths of cycles of the induced polynomial transformation over the field R/ℜ, where ℜ is the radical of the finite commutative local ring R.
Thermo-mechanical behavior simulation coupled with the hydrostatic-pressure-dependent grain-scale fission gas swelling calculation for a monolithic UMo fuel plate under heterogeneous neutron irradiation
Authors: Kong Xiangzhe , Tian Xu , Yan Feng , Ding Shurong , Hu Shenyang , Burkes Douglas E. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Monolithic UMo fuels have a higher uranium density than previously developed fuels. They have become the most promising fuels to be used in high-flux research and test reactors after the US Office of Material Management and Minimization Reactor Conversion Program (formerly Reduced Enrichment Research and Test Reactor (RERTR) program). In this study, a computational method is established to couple the macro-scale irradiation-induced thermo-mechanical behavior simulation with the hydrostatic-pressure-dependent fission gas swelling calculation in the UMo grain. The stress update algorithms and consistent stiffness moduli are respectively presented for UMo fuel, in which both the hydrostatic-pressure-dependent irradiation swelling and deviatoric-stress-directed irradiation creep are taken into account. Accordingly, the user subroutines to define the thermo-mechanical non-homogeneous constitutive relations for the UMo fuel meat and Al cladding are developed and validated. The in-pile behavior in a monolithic UMo fuel plate under a location-dependent irradiation condition is calculated and discussed.
On Regulated Functions
Authors: Cichoń Kinga , Cichoń Mieczysław , Satco Bianca 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
In this paper we investigate the space of regulated functions on a compact interval [0,1]. When equipped with the topology of uniform convergence this space is isometrically isomorphic to some space of continuous functions. We study some of its properties, including the characterization of the dual space, weak and strong compactness properties of sets. Finally, we investigate some compact and weakly compact operators on the space of regulated functions. The paper is complemented by an existence result for the Hammerstein-Stieltjes integral equation with regulated solutions.
Some Common Coupled Fixed Point Theorems in Sb-Metric Spaces
Authors: Khomdram Bulbul , Rohen Yumnam 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
In this paper, we prove some common coupled fixed point theorems for mapping satisfying a nonlinear contraction in Sb-metric space and some results are also given in the form of corollary. Also, some examples are given to verify the main results.
Some Properties of Rectifiable Spaces
Authors: Tuyen Luong Quoc , Van Tuyen Ong 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
In this paper, we give some properties of rectifiable spaces and their relationship with P-space, metrizable space. These results are used to generalize some results in [2], [9] and [12]. Moreover, we give the conditions for a rectifiable space to be second-countable.
New Selective Harmonic Elimination-Pulse-Width Modulation for Cascaded H-bridge Multilevel Inverters
Authors: Kamani Piyush L. , Mulla Mahmadasraf A. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis paper presents a univariate equation-based selective harmonic elimination-pulse-width modulation (USHE-PWM) method for cascaded H-bridge (CHB) multilevel inverters (MLIs). Using equal-area criteria, the selection of voltage rating of dc-links have been done. The output voltage is controlled by inserting switching notch at the centre of each level of output voltage. Instead of conventional transcendental SHE-PWM equations, all these calculations are accomplished using univariate equations. This simplifies the real-time implementation of the proposed method greatly, even for the MLI with a large number of levels. The USHE-PWM method can eliminate more harmonics compared with the conventional SHE-PWM methods. While controlling the output voltage, the harmonic pattern remains unaffected. The validity of the proposed method is confirmed by the simulation and experimental studies.
Effects of Rolling Speed and Reduction on Rolling Simulation Results of Monolithic Fuel Plates
Authors: Kong Xiangzhe , Yang Hongyan , Ding Shurong , Peng Xiaoming 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The in-pile performances of UMo/Zr monolithic nuclear fuel plates are directly related to their manufacturing quality. The interface bonding strength depends on the contact pressures over the surfaces of the Zircaloy covers, the Zircaloy frame and the UMo coupon during rolling. The contact pressures are affected by the process parameters such as the rolling speed and the reduction per pass. These parameters should be carefully investigated to optimize the fabrication process. In this study, a three-dimensional stress updating algorithm is presented for the strain-rate-dependent mechanical constitutive relation of Zircaloy. Three-dimensional FEM simulation of the rolling process for monolithic nuclear fuel plates is carried out. The influences of the rolling speed and reduction on the geometrical shape and the contact pressure between the Zircaloy cover and the coupon will be discussed according to the computational results. The results indicate that (1) along the plate width direction the maximum contact pressure between the coupon and the Zircaloy cover exists at the center and decreases towards the edge; (2) when the rolling speed or reduction increases, the maximum contact pressure increases as well; and the dog-bone shape of the coupon at the back end is more visible.