bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mediators of Physical Activity Behavior Change in the “Girls on the Move” Intervention
Authors: Robbins Lorraine B. , Wen Fujun , Ling Jiying 
Published: March 2019

Background
The minimal effect of interventions to date on increasing young adolescent girls’ physical activity (PA) may be due to inadequate understanding of the mechanisms underlying behavior change, yet sparse research testing a PA intervention has examined the capacity of theories to explain PA, particularly when using objective measures.

Objectives
The aim of the study was to examine whether constructs from the health promotion model and self-determination theory mediated changes in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) following a 17-week intervention.

Methods
The study was a secondary analysis of data from a group randomized trial, including 12 intervention and 12 control schools in the Midwestern United States. Data were collected in 2012–2016. Girls (fifth- to eighth-grade, N = 1,519) completed surveys on perceived benefits and enjoyment of PA, PA self-efficacy, social support and motivation for PA, and barriers to PA and wore accelerometers.

Results
The final path model had a good fit: χ2(4) = 2.48, p = .648; goodness-of-fit index = 1; comparative fit index = 1; root-mean-square error of approximation = 0; standardized root-mean-square residual = 0.01. For MVPA change from baseline to postintervention, enjoyment (B = 24.48, p < .001) and social support (B = 30.48, p < .001) had a positive direct effect, whereas the intervention had a positive indirect effect through enjoyment and social support (B = 9.13, p < .001). Enjoyment (B = −13.83, p < .001) and social support (B = −17.22, p < .001) had a negative indirect effect on MVPA change from postintervention to follow-up.

Discussion
Enjoyment of PA and social support for PA may be important mediators of PA in young adolescent girls and warrant consideration when designing interventions.
Emergency Department Testing Patterns for Sexually Transmitted Diseases in North Texas
Authors: Barnes Arti , Jetelina Katelyn K. , Betts Andrea C. , Mendoza Theresa , Sreeramoju Pranavi , Tiro Jasmin A. 
Published: March 2019

Background
Little is known about population-level sexually transmitted disease (STD) testing in emergency departments (EDs). We sought to explore STD testing patterns in EDs in a large, urban metroplex in North Texas, a high prevalence region.

Methods
Emergency department claims data were extracted from the Dallas Fort Worth Hospital Council databank for patients attending 54 EDs in 4 counties (Dallas, Tarrant, Collin, and Denton) who were tested for an STD during an ED visit between July 2014 and June 2015. We analyzed patterns of testing for 3 types of STD tests: (1) combined gonorrhea and chlamydia DNA-based tests, (2) human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody tests, and (3) syphilis serological tests.

Results
Emergency departments administered at least 1 STD test to 65,702 unique patients over 1 year; most were ethnoracial minorities (73%), female (72%), and had no known insurance (59%). Only 8% of patients received more than 1 of these tests at that same visit; of those, 90% were cotested for HIV. The most common diagnosis code associated with STD testing was “genital/urinary symptoms” (31%). The majority of tests took place at the ED of a single county-funded hospital (42%). Only 36% of all patients had visits that were deemed true emergencies.

Conclusions
Most patients tested for syphilis, HIV, or chlamydia/gonorrhea in EDs received only 1 test type at that visit, and most visits were nonemergent in nature. Given shared risk factors for multiple STD and high coinfection rates, EDs serving high-risk populations could consider STD cotesting to help reduce transmission of undiagnosed, untreated infections.
Acute Vision Loss After Ophthalmic Artery Embolization of Meningioma
Authors: Torres Guadalupe , T. Kini Ashwini , Al Othman Bayan , Lee Andrew G. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract:
A 40-year-old man presented with acute-onset painless visual loss after preoperative embolization for a large skull base meningioma through the ophthalmic artery. We describe the clinical presentation of an isolated ipsilateral afferent and efferent pupillary defect in this patient who had radiographic documentation of embolization material in the intraorbital ophthalmic artery. Although ophthalmic and retinal artery occlusions have been described previously after endovascular embolization, our patient had a unique clinicoradiologic presentation.
Commentary on Braga et al
Authors: Chanpattana Worrawat , McCall William V. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This commentary reflects upon the study of Braga et al of open-label continuation electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) plus clozapine in treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS), as reported in this issue of The Journal of ECT. The evidence base for ECT in TRS is scant, and the study of Braga et al is a step forward. However, their report raises other important questions including (1) what is the proper frequency of continuation ECT in TRS, and (2) should TRS patients, even TRS patients who have failed clozapine, receive acute ECT + clozapine, or is ECT + conventional antipsychotics sufficient? In this commentary, we examine these questions and outline a future research strategy for TRS that includes large simple trials.
Breast cancer classification based on proteotypes obtained by SWATH mass spectrometry
Authors: Bouchal Pavel , Schubert Olga T. , Faktor Jakub , Capkova Lenka , Imrichova Hana , Zoufalova Karolina , Paralova Vendula , Hrstka Roman , Liu Yansheng , Ebhardt H. Alexander , Budinska Eva , Nenutil Rudolf , Aebersold Ruedi 
Published: March 2019

SummaryAccurate breast cancer classification is vital for patient management decisions, and better tumour classification is expected to enable more precise and eventually personalized treatment to improve patient outcomes. Here, we present a novel quantitative proteotyping approach based on SWATH mass spectrometry and establish key proteins for breast tumour classification derived from proteotype data. The study was based on 96 tissue samples representing five breast cancer subtypes according to conventional classification. Correlation of SWATH proteotype patterns indicated groups that largely recapitulate these subtypes. However, the proteotype-based classification also revealed varying degrees of heterogeneity within the conventional subtypes, with triple negative tumours being the most heterogeneous. Proteins that contributed most strongly to the proteotype-based classification include INPP4B, CDK1, and ERBB2, which are associated with oestrogen receptor status, tumour grade, and HER2 status, respectively. While these three key proteins exhibited high levels of correlation between protein and transcript levels (R>0.67), general correlation did not exceed R=0.29, indicating the value of protein-level measurements of biomarkers and disease-regulated genes. Overall, our data shows how large-scale protein-level measurements by next-generation proteomics can lead to improved patient stratification for precision medicine.
Acute inflammation is a predisposing factor for weight gain and insulin resistance
Authors: de Oliveira Edson M. , Silva Jacqueline C. , Ascar Thais P. , Sandri Silvana , Marchi Alexandre F. , Migliorini Silene , Nakaya Helder T. I. , Fock Ricardo A. , Campa Ana 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTAimIntense endotoxaemia and infection are able to reduce appetite and induce a catabolic state, therefore leading to weight loss. However, it is underexplored its late effects on energy homeostasis, regulation of body weight and glucose metabolism. Here we addressed whether serial intense endotoxaemia, characterized by an acute phase response and weight loss, could be an aggravating or predisposing factor to diet-induced obesity (DIO) and associated metabolic impairments.MethodsMale Swiss Webster mice were submitted to 8 consecutive doses of lipopolysaccharide (LPS - 10 mg/kg), followed by 10 weeks in high-fat diet (HFD).ResultsAfter the end of the acute endotoxaemia period, mice under chow diet recovered their weight rapidly, within one-week recovery period, which remained similar to its control counterparts. However, acute endotoxaemia caused a long-lasting adipose tissue expression of the inflammatory markers TLR-4, CD14 and serum amyloid A (SAA) and, when challenged by a HFD, LPS-treated mice gained more weight, showed increased fat depots, leptin and insulin levels, and also impaired insulin sensitivity.ConclusionsLPS-treated mice showed a higher susceptibility to the harmful effects of a subsequent HFD. Conditions leading to intense and recurrent endotoxaemia, such as common childhood bacterial infections, may resound for a long time and aggravate the effects of a western diet. If confirmed in humans, infections should be considered an additional factor contributing to obesity and type 2 diabetes epidemics and additionally impose more rigorous dietary recommendations for patients in post-infection recovery.Bullet pointsIntense endotoxemia causes a long-lasting increase in the expression of inflammatory markers in adipose tissue.Intense endotoxemia is a predisposing factor to diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance.Infections may contribute to weight gain when associated to a western diet.
The CNS in the face of ART contains T cell origin HIV which can lead to drug resistance
Authors: Lustig Gila , Cele Sandile , Karim Farina , Ganga Yashica , Khan Khadija , Gosnell Bernadett , Moosa Yunus , Harrichandparsad Rohen , Marais Suzaan , Gupta Ravindra K. , Derache Anne , Giandhari Jennifer , de Oliveira Tulio , Govender Katya , Adamson John , Patel Vinod , Sigal Alex 
Published: March 2019

AbstractHIV persists despite antiretroviral therapy (ART) in cellular reservoirs thought to occur in distinct anatomical compartments. Therapy failure may occur because of incomplete ART adherence and possibly viral replication at some reservoir sites. The CNS may serve as a reservoir site due to lowered ART penetration and virus production from long-lived tissue resident macrophages. Compelling evidence for the CNS as a reservoir is the existence of individuals where HIV is suppressed below limit of detection in blood but detectable in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), termed CSF Escape. Here, we asked whether HIV in CSF Escape individuals is derived from macrophages or persists due to lowered ART. We used cell surface markers on the HIV envelope to determine the cellular source of HIV. We verified detection usingin vitroderived virus from infected macrophages and T cells and tested CSF from CSF Escape individuals. We observed host surface markers consistent with T cell origin. We also measured ART concentrations in the CSF and plasma. We found a dramatic decrease in CSF ART concentrations described previously, but no significant difference between CSF Escape versus fully suppressed individuals. To examine the effect of the observed CSF ART concentrations on HIV replication, we used long-term infection with ART in cell culture. CSF Escape ART levels led to either HIV suppression or evolution of drug resistance, but not replication of drug sensitive HIV. These observations argue that persistent CNS viremia despite ART can be T cell generated and may result in drug resistance and therapy failure.
Unified rational protein engineering with sequence-only deep representation learning
Authors: Alley Ethan C. , Khimulya Grigory , Biswas Surojit , AlQuraishi Mohammed , Church George M. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractRational protein engineering requires a holistic understanding of protein function. Here, we apply deep learning to unlabelled amino acid sequences to distill the fundamental features of a protein into a statisticalrepresentationthat is semantically rich and structurally, evolutionarily, and biophysically grounded. We show that the simplest models built on top of thisunifiedrepresentation (UniRep) are broadly applicable and generalize to unseen regions of sequence space. Our data-driven approach reaches near state-of-the-art or superior performance predicting stability of natural andde novodesigned proteins as well as quantitative function of molecularly diverse mutants. UniRep further enables two orders of magnitude cost savings in a protein engineering task. We conclude UniRep is a versatile protein summary that can be applied across protein engineering informatics.
Cross-talk between m6A and m1A regulators, YTHDF2 and ALKBH3 fine-tunes mRNA expression
Authors: Lao Nga , Barron Niall 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTThe recently re-discovered interest in N6-methyl adenosine (m6A) - one of more than a hundred modifications found on eukaryotic mRNA (known as epi-transcriptomic codes) - is currently one of the most topical areas in science. The m6A methylation impacts on all aspects of cellular RNA metabolism and several physiological processes. Although less abundant than the m6A epitranscriptomic mark, the m1A methylation has recently also attracted interest due to its dynamic nature in response to physiological changes. We investigated the role of the YTH domain-containing m6A reader protein family and the m1A eraser ALKBH3 on the expression of a transgene in mammalian cells. We present the first evidence that expression of a transgene is subjected to co-ordinated regulation by both m6A and m1A regulators. In addition, we provide genetic data implicating that the m6A reader YTHDF2 can read m1A site. Furthermore, we show that the m1A eraser ALKBH3 is a target of m1A methylation.
Aurora kinase A mediated phosphorylation of mPOU is critical for skeletal muscle differentiation
Authors: Karthigeyan Dhanasekaran , Bose Arnab , Boopathi Ramachandran , Rao Vinay Jaya , Shima Hiroki , Bharathy Narendra , Igarashi Kazuhiko , Taneja Reshma , Kundu Tapas K. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAurora kinases are Ser/Thr-directed protein kinases which play pivotal roles in mitosis. Recent evidences highlight the importance of these kinases in non-mitotic biological events like skeletal myogenesis. Our earlier study identified POU6F1 (or mPOU) as a novel Aurora kinase A (AurkA) substrate. Here, we report that AurkA phosphorylates POU6F1 at Ser197 and inhibits its DNA binding ability. Delving into POU6F1 physiology, we find that the phospho-mimic (S197D) POU6F1 mutant exhibits enhancement, while wild type (WT) or phospho-deficient (S197A) mutant shows retardation in C2C12 myoblast differentiation. Interestingly, POU6F1 depletion phenocopies S197D-POU6F1 overexpression in the differentiation context. Collectively, our results signify mPOU as a negative regulator of skeletal muscle differentiation and strengthens the importance of AurkA in skeletal myogenesis.
Graph analysis of looming-selective networks in the tectum, and its replication in a simple computational model
Authors: Khakhalin Arseny S. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractLooming stimuli evoke behavioral responses in most animals, yet the mechanisms of looming detection in vertebrates are poorly understood. Here we hypothesize that looming detection in the tectum may rely on spontaneous emergence of synfire chains: groups of neurons connected to each other in the same sequence in which they are activated during a loom. We then test some specific consequences of this hypothesis. First, we use high-speed calcium imaging to reconstruct functional connectivity of small networks within the tectum of Xenopus tadpoles. We report that reconstructed directed graphs are clustered and hierarchical, that their modularity increases in development, and that looming-selective cells tend to collect activation within these graphs. Second, we describe spontaneous emergence of looming selectivity in a computational developmental model of the tectum, governed by both synaptic and intrinsic plasticity, and driven by structured visual inputs. We show that synfire chains contribute to looming detection in the model; that structured inputs are critical for the emergence of selectivity, and that biological tectal networks follow most, but not all predictions of the model. Finally, we propose a conceptual scheme for understanding the emergence and fine-tuning of collision detection in developing aquatic animals.
Genetic Mapping Of Morpho-Physiological Traits Involved During Reproductive Stage Drought Tolerance In Rice
Authors: Barik Saumya Ranjan , Pandit Elssa , Mohanty Shakti Prakash , Pradhan Sharat Kumar , Mohapatra Trilochan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractReproductive stage drought stress is an important factor for yield reduction in rice. Genetic mapping of drought responsive QTLs will help to develop cultivars suitable for drought prone environments through marker-assisted breeding. QTLs linked to morpho-physiological traits under drought stress were mapped by evaluating 190 F7 recombinant inbred lines (RIL). Significant variations were observed for eleven morpho-physiological traits involved during the stress. Bulked segregant analysis (BSA) strategy was adopted for genotyping the RIL population. A total of 401 SSR primers were tested for parental polymorphism of which 77 were polymorphic. Inclusive composite interval mapping detected a total of five consistent QTLs controlling leaf rolling (qLR9.1), leaf drying (qLD9.1), harvest index (qHI9.1), spikelet fertility (qSF9.1) and relative water content (qRWC9.1) under reproductive stage drought stress. Another two non-allelic QTLs controlling leaf rolling (qLR8.1) and leaf drying (qLD12.1) were linked in a single year. QTL controlling leaf rolling, qLR8.1 was validated in this mapping population and useful in marker-assisted breeding (MAB) programs. Out of these five consistent QTLs, four (qLR9.1, qLD9.1, qHI9.1 and qRWC9.1) were detected to be novel QTLs and useful for MAB for reproductive stage drought tolerance in rice.
Optimal energy saving of doubly fed induction motor based on scalar rotor voltage control and water cycle algorithm
Authors: Elkholy Mahmoud M. , Abd-Elkader Fathi 
Published: March 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to present an optimal variable speed drive of a doubly fed induction motor (DFIM) with minimum losses and reduced inverter capacity. The operation with minimum losses ensures that the DFIM develops the required load torque at desired speed with maximum energy saving. Moreover, the control of rotor voltage ensures the reduced inverter capacity. The water cycle algorithm (WCA) as one of meta-heuristic optimization techniques is used to estimate the optimal rotor voltages to drive the DFIM with minimum losses. The results of WCA are confirmed with other well-known and reliable optimization method such as particle swarm optimization along with classical method.

Design/methodology/approach
The DFIM is an efficient alternative solution of synchronous motor (SM) because of its speed is synchronized with both stator and rotor frequencies regardless the load torque. As a result, the speed of variable speed drive associated with DFIM can be controlled through a rotor inverter with reduced capacity rather than SM. The output voltage of rotor inverter is controlled to develop the demanded output power with minimum motor losses.

Findings
A complete DFIM drive model is developed under MATLAB/SIMULINK environment using d-q dynamic model to verify the strength and significance of the proposed controller. An experimental setup using a 300 W three-phase wound rotor induction motor is established to validate the mathematical models and theoretical results. The motor performances with proposed rotor voltage control (minimum losses) are compared with conventional method of constant voltage to frequency ratio (V/f constant). It is found that the proposed WCA based on controller achieves significant reductions in motor losses, input power and rotor inverter power.

Originality/value
The paper presents an efficient method to maximize the energy saving of DFIM with a reduced inverter capacity using WCA.
Happiness as a value of event organizers in Abu Dhabi
Authors: Slak Valek Natasa , Fotiadis Anestis 
Published: March 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to consider the self-determination theory (SDT) to examine the perceived impact of events on happiness based on event organizers’ opinions. Moreover, it explores whether event organizers in Abu Dhabi consider promoting happiness and well-being as a value of their event and examines how organizers define a successful event.Design/methodology/approachThe research was inspired by Abu Dhabi’s governmental initiative to promote happiness at all stages, with the aim of becoming one of the happiest countries in the world. A qualitative approach was used, and seven event organizers from the Emirate of Abu Dhabi in the United Arab Emirates were interviewed.FindingsAttributes of an event were analyzed, and the results indicated that happiness as a value of events is not an idea that occurs to organizers by recalling values; yet, after reminding them of “happiness,” they all agreed that this value is what they do promote with their events.Practical implicationsThus, actions must be considered to implement happiness with the potential to become a “first-on-mind” value of events organized in Abu Dhabi (UAE).Originality/valueSpecifically, the authors researched if event organizers consider promoting happiness and well-being as a value of their event, as well as to determine what they considered to be a successful event.
Wholesalers perspectives on mango supply chain efficiency in India
Authors: Negi Saurav , Anand Neeraj 
Published: March 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify the factors and most significant reasons leading to supply chain inefficiency with respect to high cost, high lead time and poor quality at wholesale stage of mango supply chain in India, and also to find out the measures which may be taken to improve supply chain efficiency.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper opted for an exploratory study using the quantitative and qualitative method of research. The study was conducted at Asia’s largest and world’s second largest fruits and vegetable wholesale market (Mandi) in Azadpur, Delhi. Factors have been identified using factor analysis and the measures to improve supply chain efficiency in fruits sector have been found out through semi-structured interviews with agri- and food-supply chain experts.

Findings
Based on the factor analysis, three factors were identified for high cost, namely, operational charges, labour and resources; four factors were identified for high lead time, namely, operational issues, labour, resources and infrastructure; and four factors were identified for poor quality, namely, operational issues, infrastructure, resources and poor ambience. It was also found that operational factor is the most significant factor leading to supply chain inefficiency. The study also highlighted the measures for improving supply chain efficiency based on the outcome of the interviews.

Research limitations/implications
This study is limited to the wholesale stage of fruit supply chain with the focus on Azadpur Mandi, Delhi, India, with specific reference to mango. Also, the measures have been identified for only the most significant reasons under each factor leading to supply chain inefficiency with respect to cost, time and quality.

Originality/value
There is a dearth of literature on improving the supply chain efficiency pertaining to the wholesale stage of fruits and vegetable sector in India. This paper tries to fulfil the gap and contributed to the literature on agriculture supply chain, which may be helpful for the researchers as well as the practitioners to improve food supply chain pertaining to developing countries.