bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Narrative insight in psychosis: The relationship with spiritual and religious explanatory frameworks
Authors: Marriott Michael R. , Thompson Andrew R. , Cockshutt Graham , Rowse Georgina 
Published: March 2018

ObjectiveWhen considering psychosis, the concept of narrative insight has been offered as an alternative to clinical insight in determining individuals’ responses to their difficulties, as it allows for a more holistic and person‐centred framework to be embraced within professional practice. This study aims to explore the validity of the narrative insight construct within a group of people who have experienced psychosis.DesignInductive qualitative methods were used to explore how eight participants utilized spiritual or religious explanatory frameworks for their experiences of psychosis and to consider these in relation to the construct of narrative insight.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were undertaken with individuals who identified themselves as interested in spiritual or religious ideas and whose self‐reported experiences which were identified as akin to psychosis by experienced academic clinicians. Transcriptions from these interviews were subject to interpretative phenomenological analysis within a broader research question; a selection of themes and data from the resultant phenomenological structure are explored here for their relevance to narrative insight.ResultsParticipants discussed spiritual and biological explanations for their experiences and were able to hold alternative potential explanations alongside each other. They were reflective regarding the origins of their explanations and would describe a process of testing and proof in relation to them.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that the narrative insight construct has the potential to be a valid approach to understanding experiences of psychosis, and challenge the dominance of the clinical insight construct within clinical practice.Practitioner points

Clinicians should value the explanatory framework for experiences which are provided by individuals experiencing psychosis, and encourage them to develop a framework which is coherent to their own world view rather than predominantly pursuing a biomedical explanation.

Assessments of psychosis should be adapted to include an understanding of the cohesiveness of the individual's explanatory framework and personal value to them, with a reduced focus on their acceptance of biomedical models of ‘illness’.

Care and care research for individuals experiencing psychosis should consider the value of narrative insight within future developments.
Relations of mindfulness facets with psychological symptoms among individuals with a diagnosis of obsessive–compulsive disorder, major depressive disorder, or borderline personality disorder
Authors: Didonna Fabrizio , Rossi Roberta , Ferrari Clarissa , Iani Luca , Pedrini Laura , Rossi Nicoletta , Xodo Erica , Lanfredi Mariangela 
Published: March 2018

ObjectivesTo explore differences in mindfulness facets among patients with a diagnosis of either obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), major depressive disorder (MDD), or borderline personality disorder (BPD), and healthy controls (HC), and their associations with clinical features.Design and methodOne hundred and fifty‐three patients and 50 HC underwent a clinical assessment including measures of mindfulness (Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire – FFMQ), psychopathological symptoms (Symptom Check List‐90‐R), dissociation (Dissociative Experience Scale), alexithymia (Alexithymia Scale 20), and depression (Beck Depression Inventory‐II). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were performed to assess differences in mindfulness scores and their associations with clinical features.ResultsThe three diagnostic groups scored lower on all mindfulness facets (apart from FFMQobserving) compared to the HC group. OCD group had a significant higher FFMQ total score (FFMQ‐TS) and FFMQacting with awareness compared to the BPD group, and scored higher on FFMQdescribing compared to BPD and MDD groups. The scores in non‐judging facet were significantly lower in all the three diagnostic groups compared to the HC group. Interestingly, higher FFMQ‐TS was inversely related to all psychological measures, regardless of diagnostic group.ConclusionsDeficits in mindfulness skills were present in all diagnostic groups. Furthermore, we found disease‐specific relationships between some mindfulness facets and specific psychological variables. Clinical implications are discussed.Practitioner points

The study showed deficits in mindfulness scores in all diagnostic groups compared to a healthy control group.

Overall, mindfulness construct has a significantly negative association with indexes of global distress, dissociative symptoms, alexithymia, and depression.

Mindfulness‐based interventions in clinical settings should take into account different patterns of mindfulness skills and their impact on disease‐specific maladaptive cognitive strategies or symptomatology.
Quantitative trait loci mapping of forage stover quality traits in six mapping populations derived from European elite maize germplasm
Authors: Leng Pengfei , Ouzunova Milena , Landbeck Matthias , Wenzel Gerhard , Eder Joachim , Darnhofer Birte , Lübberstedt Thomas 
Published: March 2018

AbstractFour forage maize stover quality traits were analysed including in vitro digestibility of organic matter (IVDOM), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), water‐soluble carbohydrates (WSC) and digestibility of NDF (DNDF). We mapped quantitative trait loci (QTL) in three DH (doubled haploid) populations (totally 250–720 DH lines): one RIL population (358 lines) and two testcross (TC) populations, based on field phenotyping at multiple locations and years for each. High phenotypic and genotypic correlations were found for all traits and significant (p < .01) at two locations, and NDF was negatively correlated with the other traits. QTL analyses were conducted by composite interval mapping. A total of 33, 23, 32 and 25 QTL were identified for IVDOM, NDF, WSC and DNDF, respectively, with three, four, five and two major QTL for each. Few consistent QTL for IVDOM, WSC and DNDF were detected in more than two populations. This study contributed to the identification of key QTL associated with forage maize digestibility traits and is beneficial for marker‐assisted breeding and fine mapping of candidate genes associated with forage maize quality.
Reduced root cortical burden improves growth and grain yield under low phosphorus availability in maize
Authors: Galindo‐Castañeda Tania , Brown Kathleen M. , Lynch Jonathan P. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractRoot phenes and phene states that reduce the metabolic cost of soil exploration may improve plant growth under low phosphorus availability. We tested the hypothesis that under low phosphorus, reduced living cortical area (LCA) would increase soil exploration, phosphorus capture, biomass, and grain yield. Maize genotypes contrasting in LCA were grown in the field and in greenhouse mesocosms under optimal and suboptimal phosphorus regimes. Percent LCA in nodal roots ranged from 25% to 67%. Plants with 0.2 mm2 less LCA under low phosphorus had 75% less root segment respiration, 54% less root phosphorus content, rooted 20 cm deeper, allocated up to four times more roots between 60 and 120 cm depth, had between 20% and 150% more biomass, 35–40% greater leaf phosphorus content, and 60% greater grain yield compared with plants with high LCA. Low‐LCA plants had up to 55% less arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization in axial roots, but this decrease was not correlated with biomass or phosphorus content. The LCA components cortical cell file number and cortical cell size were important for biomass and phosphorus content under low phosphorus. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that root phenes that decrease the metabolic cost of soil exploration are adaptive under phosphorus stress.
Arabidopsis thaliana Raf22 protein kinase maintains growth capacity during postgerminative growth arrest under stress
Authors: Hwang Jae‐Ung , Yim Sojeong , Do Thanh Ha Thi , Kang Joohyun , Lee Youngsook 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWhen seeds are exposed to drought and salinity during germination, newly germinated embryos stop growth and enter a quiescent state called postgerminative growth (PGG) arrest. PGG arrest protects embryos from the stress, but it is not known how PGG is restored from the arrest when stress is eased. In this study, we show that under stress‐ or abscisic acid‐induced PGG arrest conditions, Arabidopsis thaliana Raf‐type protein kinase 22 (AtRaf22) overexpression accelerated photoautotrophic seedling establishment, whereas atraf22 knockout mutations enhanced the arrest. Furthermore, when the stress intensity was reduced subsequently, AtRaf22 overexpression plants resumed growth and accomplished photoautotrophic transition much faster than the knockout or wild‐type plants. These results suggest that AtRaf22 activity is important for maintaining growth capacity during stress‐induced PGG arrest, which is most likely critical for competitive growth when the stress subsides and plants resume growth. Such a factor has not been reported before.
Burnlike scars: A sign suggestive of KLHL24‐related epidermolysis bullosa simplex
Authors: Alkhalifah Azzam , Chiaverini Christine , Charlesworth Alexandra , Has Cristina , Lacour Jean‐Philippe 
Published: March 2018

AbstractEpidermolysis bullosa simplex is a group of inherited disorders with allelic and locus heterogeneity in which skin fragility and blistering within the skin occur. Mutations in KRT5 and KRT14 underlie the majority of reported cases. Mutations in KLHL24, a gene that encodes KLHL24 protein, have been reported recently to cause a generalized subtype of epidermolysis bullosa simplex, presumably by increasing the degradation of keratin 14. We describe a case of KLHL24‐related epidermolysis bullosa simplex and highlight the burn‐like pattern of scars.
Familial papular epidermal nevus with “skyline” basal cell layer
Authors: Beteta‐Gorriti Valia , de Dios‐Velázquez Álvaro , Yuste Manuela , Santos‐Briz Ángel , Román‐Curto Concepción , Cañueto Javier 
Published: March 2018

AbstractPapular epidermal nevus with “skyline” basal cell layer is a variant of keratinocytic nevus that usually occurs sporadically but may affect different family members. We report on the fourth family with papular epidermal nevus with “skyline” basal cell layer affecting a 3‐month‐old girl and her father.
Use of a disposable ear speculum: An alternative technique for molluscum contagiosum curettage
Authors: Kelly Virginie , Coulombe Jerome , Lavoie Isabelle 
Published: March 2018

AbstractMolluscum contagiosum is a common contagious disease in children characterized by small skin‐colored umbilicated papules. Although spontaneous resolution is common, many parents and patients seek treatment. Multiple therapeutic modalities have been described. We present an easy, safe, caregiver‐friendly, modified curettage technique using an ear speculum.
Exogenous Cushing syndrome from an unexpected source of systemic steroids
Authors: O'Brien Kathleen F. , DeKlotz Cynthia Marie Carver , Silverman Robert A. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractA 12‐year‐old Hispanic boy with chronic atopic dermatitis and cushingoid features presented to our institution. He was being treated with an unknown quantity of oral prednisolone 15 mg/5 mL, equivalent to 70 mg/m2/d of oral prednisone, purchased over the counter in El Salvador. Systemic corticosteroids are not recommended for chronic therapy of atopic dermatitis because of their significant adverse effects. Foreign‐sourced pharmaceuticals account for almost half of the drugs consumed in the United States, which means that, to protect our patients, medical providers must inquire about and report unsafe medications deemed legal outside the United States to the Food and Drug Administration.
Fractional ablative carbon dioxide laser followed by topical sodium stibogluconate application: A treatment option for pediatric cutaneous leishmaniasis
Authors: Hilerowicz Yuval , Koren Amir , Mashiah Jacob , Katz Oren , Sprecher Eli , Artzi Ofir 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackgroundLeishmaniasis is a protozoan zoonotic parasitic infection with cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and visceral manifestations. Israel is endemic for cutaneous leishmaniasis, which is a self‐limited disease but is associated with scarring, which is often a source of psychological and social burden for patients. Scars can be especially devastating for children and teenagers. A wide range of physical and medical approaches is used to treat cutaneous leishmaniasis, among which intralesional injections of sodium stibogluconate rank among the most frequently used. Unfortunately, despite being effective, this therapeutic modality can be very painful. Fractional ablative laser creates a controlled mesh‐like pattern of tissue ablation in the skin that promotes dermal remodeling and collagen production while at the same time facilitating enhanced delivery of topically applied medications.MethodsPatients were treated with fractional ablative carbon dioxide laser followed by immediate topical application of sodium stibogluconate. All children were diagnosed with cutaneous leishmaniasis prior to treatment initiation..ResultsTen children were treated. One leishmania tropica‐positive girl failed to respond. The other nine patients achieved clinical cure and demonstrated good to excellent final cosmesis. Self‐rated patient satisfaction and tolerance were high No adverse effects were observed or reported during treatment.ConclusionFractional ablative carbon dioxide laser followed by topical sodium stibogluconate application appears to be a safe and promising treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis infection in children. Future controlled studies are required to validate these findings and compare this technique with traditional approaches.
Mohs micrographic surgery for cutaneous malignancies: A focus review of its indications in pediatric age groups
Authors: Le Stephanie T. , Kamal Heba Y. , Khachemoune Amor 
Published: March 2018

AbstractMohs micrographic surgery (MMS) is a highly specialized technique that has been successful in the treatment of a variety of skin tumors. The technique can be performed as an outpatient procedure and encompasses surgical excision and intraoperative assessment of tumor margins in one setting by the same physician. The process ensures precise margin control with maximal preservation of healthy tissues. Mohs micrographic surgery has been practiced worldwide, including in the United States, Europe (United Kingdom, Germany, Spain, Netherlands, Switzerland), and Australia. Although it is commonly performed in adults with greater success, it has been discussed less frequently in children. In this article, we describe several cutaneous tumors in children and the role of Mohs micrographic surgery in their management. A PubMed search was conducted to review the most common cutaneous tumors in children treated using Mohs micrographic surgery. In this review, we discuss indications for Mohs micrographic surgery and pertinent studies examining success rates in children. Mohs micrographic surgery has been used to treat several tumors in children and offers the advantage of high cure rates and tissue conservation. This report emphasizes the benefits of Mohs micrographic surgery in children and highlights several cutaneous tumors for which it has been used to treat successfully.
Planar xanthomas secondary to post‐transplantation cholangiopathy in a 16‐month‐old boy
Authors: Patel Nirali , Norberg Adam , Hogeling Marcia 
Published: March 2018

AbstractPlanar xanthomas in children represent rare dermatologic findings associated with abnormalities in lipid metabolism. While planar xanthomas in Alagille's syndrome have been well described in the literature, there have been no cases reported of eruptive xanthomas in pediatric liver transplant patients. Herein we report a case of a 16‐month‐old boy status post–liver transplantation who presents with planar xanthomas secondary to cholangiopathy. A brief review of xanthomas and the related literature is also provided.
Neutrophilic urticarial dermatosis as a presenting feature of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Authors: Stringer Thomas , Gittler Julia , Meehan Shane , Kahn Philip , Oza Vikash S. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis report describes a case of chronic neutrophilic urticarial dermatosis as a presenting feature of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis. When encountered in children, neutrophilic urticarial dermatosis should raise suspicion of autoimmune or autoinflammatory disease.
Hidradenitis suppurativa in children: The Henry Ford experience
Authors: Braunberger Taylor L. , Nicholson Cynthia L. , Gold Lauren , Nahhas Amanda F. , Jacobsen Gordon , Parks‐Miller Angela , Hamzavi Iltefat H. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackgroundAlthough recent hidradenitis suppurativa studies have shown that early‐onset disease is associated with a positive family history and more widespread disease, research in pediatric hidradenitis suppurativa is limited.MethodsThirty‐three children diagnosed with hidradenitis suppurativa during an 18‐month period were included in this institutional review board–approved, retrospective chart review. Information on demographic characteristic, family history, and timing of onset (prepubescent vs postpubescent) was extracted. The Fisher exact test, Cochran‐Armitage exact trend test, and chi‐square test were used to examine the association between prepubescent or postpubescent onset of hidradenitis suppurativa and sex, disease severity, and family history.ResultsA significantly higher percentage of patients with postpubescent onset were female (85.7%) than male (14.3%), whereas those with prepubescent onset were more likely to be male (58.3%) than female (41.7%; P = .02). Associations between disease onset and positive family history of hidradenitis suppurativa (P = .47) or higher Hurley stage of disease (P = .15) were not statistically significant.ConclusionBoys are more likely to have prepubescent onset of hidradenitis suppurativa and girls to have postpubescent onset. This shift in sex distribution is unexplained, but we hypothesize that, whereas the role of ovarian hormones in the pathogenesis of HS may underlie much of adult‐onset disease, it is less important in prepubescent disease.
Unilateral hypertrophy of the labia minora: A case series
Authors: Boulos Scarlett , Rubin Adam I. , Yan Albert C. , McMahon Patrick J. , Perman Marissa J. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAsymmetric hypertrophy of the labia minora is a variant of normal anatomy that has not been described in the pediatric dermatology literature. Although often asymptomatic, in some cases, it can cause functional, emotional, and psychological problems. We report the clinical characteristics and outcomes of four children who presented with unilateral labium minus hypertrophy. This case series aims to establish awareness of this condition among pediatric dermatologists and provide recommendations regarding management.
Maximum QTc on Holter electrocardiography in children
Authors: Ogawa Yoshiharu , Tanaka Toshikatsu , Kido Sachiko 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackgroundCorrected QT interval (QTc) on electrocardiography (ECG) at rest and after exercise in a short daytime recording period may be insufficient for the diagnosis and management of long QT syndrome (LQTS), especially for LQTS type 2 and 3. Therefore, examination of QTc on Holter ECG is important. We designed a method of analyzing QTc on Holter ECG that can be performed in daily clinical practice by combining automatic and manual measurements.MethodsWe reviewed the charts of healthy children (n = 210) and LQTS patients (n = 35) aged <16 years and analyzed QTc at rest and after exercise, and the maximum QTc on Holter ECG.ResultsThe QTc (Fridericia's correction) of most controls and LQTS patients reached the maximum at night or early in the morning. QTc differed according to sex and age. In the control group, QTc on ECG of all three types tended to lengthen with age. QTc after exercise was slightly longer than QTc at rest, and the maximum QTc on Holter ECG was much longer than both, reaching >450 ms in boys and 500 ms in girls. In most LQTS type 1 patients, QTc after exercise and that on Holter ECG tended to be long. In most LQTS type 2 and 3 patients, QTc at rest and that after exercise was long, and that on Holter ECG tended to be much longer.ConclusionsThe present method of analyzing QTc on Holter ECG, in which automatic and manual measurements are combined, is practical and may be useful for diagnosis and risk stratification of LQTS.
Prolonged T‐wave peak–end interval in Down syndrome patients with congenitally normal hearts
Authors: Küçük Mehmet , Karadeniz Cem , Ozdemir Rahmi , Meşe Timur 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackgroundHeterogeneity of ventricular repolarization has been assessed using the QT dispersion in Down syndrome (DS) patients with congenitally normal hearts. Novel repolarization indexes, that is, T‐wave peak–end (Tp‐e) interval and Tp‐e/QT ratio, however, have not previously been evaluated in these patients. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate the Tp‐e interval and Tp‐e/QT ratio in DS patients without congenital heart defects.MethodsTp‐e interval, Tp‐e dispersion, and Tp‐e/QT ratio were compared between 160 DS patients and 110 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls on 12‐lead surface electrocardiogram.ResultsHeart rate, Tp‐e interval, Tp‐e dispersion, Tp‐e/QT and Tp‐e/QTc ratios were significantly higher in the DS group than the control group.ConclusionMyocardial repolarization indexes in DS patients with congenitally normal hearts were found to be prolonged compared with those in normal controls. Further evaluation is warranted to elucidate the relationship between prolonged repolarization indexes and arrhythmic events in these patients.
Long‐term renal tubular damage in intrauterine growth‐restricted rats
Authors: Murano Yayoi , Shoji Hiromichi , Hara Taichi , Ikeda Naho , Endo Amane , Nishizaki Naoto , Shimizu Toshiaki 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackgroundIntrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) has been shown to be associated with increased risk of renal disease or hypertension in later life. Glomerular dysfunction, however, has mainly been reported, and limited information is available to link IUGR with renal tubular damage. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate urinary markers of tubular damage in a rat model of IUGR induced by bilateral uterine artery ligation.MethodsPregnant Sprague–Dawley rats underwent bilateral uterine artery ligation, while the control group underwent sham surgery.ResultsBirthweight was reduced, and urinary β2‐microglobulin (β2‐MG)‐, cystatin C (Cys‐C)‐, and calbindin‐to‐creatinine ratios were significantly higher at weeks 4 and 8 in the IUGR group compared with the control group. These urinary markers were not significantly different at week 16 between the two groups. Increased excretion of urinary β2‐MG, Cys‐C, and calbindin was observed in IUGR rats at ≥8 weeks of age.ConclusionChildren born with IUGR are at increased risk for renal tubular damage.