bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coverage of and compliance to iron supplementation under the National Iron Plus Initiative among reproductive age-group women in urban Puducherry – a cross-sectional study
Authors: Gayathri Surendran , Manikandanesan Sakthivel , Venkatachalam Jayaseelan , Gokul Sarveswaran , Yashodha Arivarasan , Premarajan K. C. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Background
Anaemia is a global health problem and an important cause of morbidity in all age groups, especially among women and children. Various programmes have been implemented to combat anaemia in India and National Iron Plus Initiative (NIPI) is the latest programme to be implemented.

Aim
To ascertain the proportion of reproductive age women receiving iron supplementation under the NIPI and assess the compliance and factors hindering the implementation and compliance of the programme.

Materials and methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among women of reproductive age (15–49 years) during November 2017. The participants were interviewed at their household using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire to obtain information on socio-demographic details, whether they were receiving iron supplements and compliance to the programme.

Results
Out of 302 study participants, only 138 (45.7%) were found to be receiving the supplements under the NIPI. The major source of iron supplementation was various health facilities (69.4%). Of those not receiving the tablets, 96.3% were non-pregnant non-lactating women. The proportion of study participants receiving iron supplementation through house visits by auxiliary nurse mid-wives (ANMs) was only 1.45%. Of the 138 women receiving supplementation, 85 (61%) were compliant with their medication. Compliance also tended to be higher among pregnant and lactating women. The most important reasons for non-compliance were adverse effects and forgetfulness. The presence of regular house visits by ANMs had a significant association with reception of tablets [prevalence ratio (PR)–1.43]. Pregnant women had a significant association with both reception (PR–2.19) and compliance (PR–1.8) with iron supplementation.

Conclusion
The current NIPI programme needs to be regularly evaluated to ensure its effective implementation. Importance should be given to non-pregnant non-lactating women to increase coverage among them.
The association between nutrition knowledge and adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern in Iranian female adolescents
Authors: Neshatbini Tehrani Asal , Farhadnejad Hossein , Salehpour Amin , Beyzai Bita , Hekmatdoost Azita , Rashidkhani Bahram 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Background
Adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern (MDP) has been reported to decrease chronic diseases.

Objective
The aim of the present study was to determine the association between nutrition knowledge (NK) and adherence to MDP in Iranian female adolescents.

Subjects
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 297 female adolescents aged 15–18 years.

Methods
The participants were interviewed using a valid and structured questionnaire to collect information on socio-demographic, lifestyle and anthropometric variables. Dietary intakes were assessed using a validated 168-item Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Adherence to MDP was measured by the Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern Score (MSDPS). Each participant’s NK was determined using a 20-item NK questionnaire.

Results
The mean ± standard deviation (SD) age and body mass index (BMI) of participants were 16.1 ± 0.9 years and 22.3 ± 4.6 kg/m2, respectively. The median [interquartile range (IQR)] of the NK score and the MSDPS were 80.0 (68.0–87.0) and 15.2 (11.9–19.5), respectively. The odds ratio (OR) of higher adherence to MDP in the highest tertile of the NK score was 2.19 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.22–3.95; p for trend = 0.009], compared to the lowest tertile after adjusting for age and energy intake. In a multivariable-adjusted model, after further adjustment for BMI, mother’s/father’s education level, mother’s/father’s employment status, parent’s marital status and physical activity, the subjects in the highest tertile of the NK score had higher adherence to MDP compared with those in the lowest tertile (OR = 2.05; 95% CI, 1.09–3.83; p for trend = 0.013).

Conclusion
Our findings support the hypothesis that a higher NK score is significantly associated with a higher MDP adherence score in Iranian female adolescents.
General Decay Synchronization for Fuzzy Cellular Neural Networks with Time-Varying Delays
Authors: Muhammadhaji Ahmadjan , Abdurahman Abdujelil 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This paper studies the general decay synchronization (GDS) of a class of fuzzy cellular neural networks (FCNNs) with general activation functions and time-varying delays. By introducing suitable Lyapunov-Krasovskii functionals and employing useful inequality techniques, some novel criteria ensuring the GDS of considered FCNNs are established via a type of nonlinear control. In addition, two examples with numerical simulations are presented to illustrate the obtained theoretical results.
Non-linear Frequency Response and Stability Analysis of Piezoelectric Nanoresonator Subjected to Electrostatic Excitation
Authors: Hashemi Kachapi Sayyid H. , Dardel Morteza , Mohamadi daniali Hamidreza , Fathi Alireza 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The effects of surface energy on the non-linear frequency response and stability analysis of piezoelectric cylindrical nano-shell as piezoelectric nanoresonator are investigated in the current paper using Gurtin–Murdoch surface elasticity and von Karman–Donnell’s theory. The nanoresonator is embedded in visco-Pasternak medium and electrostatic excitation. The governing equations and boundary conditions are derived using Hamilton’s principle and also the assumed mode method is used for changing the partial differential equations into ordinary differential equations. Complex averaging method combined with arc-length continuation is used to achieve an approximate solution for the steady-state vibrations of the system. The validation of the mentioned system is achieved with excellent agreements by comparison with numerical results. The parametric studies such as the effects of geometrical and material properties, different boundary conditions, the ratio of length to radius

L

/

R

$L/R$

for different values of the voltages

V

D
C

${V_{{\rm{DC}}}}$

and

V

A
C

${V_{{\rm{AC}}}}$

, the gap width of the nanoresonator

b

/

L

$b/L$

, the effect of the voltages

V

D
C

${V_{{\rm{DC}}}}$

and

V

A
C

${V_{{\rm{AC}}}}$

and also the effect of piezoelectric voltage

V
p

${V_p}$

are conducted on the non-linear frequency response and stability analysis of the piezoelectric nanoresonator.
Die Effekte deutscher Direktinvestitionen im Empfängerland vor dem Hintergrund des Leistungsbilanzüberschusses
Authors: Görg Holger , Marchal Léa 
Published: April 2019

Zusammenfassung
Deutschland hat seit Jahren einen Leistungsbilanzüberschuss, der international kritisiert wird. Die Bedeutung der deutschen Direktinvestitionen im Ausland ist dabei in den letzten Jahren stark gestiegen. Vor diesem Hintergrund untersuchen Holger Görg und Léa Marchal die Effekte von Direktinvestitionen auf Unternehmen im Gastland. Dazu werden Unternehmensdaten für Frankreich verwendet. Insgesamt liefert die Studie zwei wirtschaftspolitisch relevante Ergebnisse. Zum einen haben deutsche Übernahmen von französischen Unternehmen im Durchschnitt keine negativen Auswirkungen auf Produktivität, Qualifikationsstruktur und Handelsaktivität der übernommenen Unternehmen. Zum anderen zeigt sich, dass sich die Präsenz deutscher Unternehmen positiv auf französische Unternehmen, die in derselben Industrie angesiedelt sind, auswirkt. Dies gilt sowohl hinsichtlich der Produktivität und Qualifikationsstruktur als auch der Export- und Importaktivität der Unternehmen. Der Effekt auf Exporte erscheint dabei stärker als der auf Importe. Dies hat Implikationen für die Leistungsbilanz. Zwar erhöhen, saldenmechanisch, deutsche Direktinvestitionen im Ausland den bestehenden Leistungsbilanzüberschuss der Bundesrepublik. Sie haben jedoch auch Implikationen für Unternehmen im Empfängerland, die ihre Produktivität und Handelsaktivität steigern.
Klassenlage und Interessenorientierung
Authors: Hack Lothar , Krause Wulf , Schmidt Ute , Wachutka Werner 
Published: April 2019

Zusammenfassung
Die Konstitution von Bewußtseinsstrukturen und Verhaltensmustern ist zu begreifen im Kontext der doppelten Konstitution sozialer Realität. Die Analyse des Einflusses von Kultur und Subkultur auf Verhalten und Bewußtsein verweist zurück auf die objektiven Bedingungen, auf deren Grundlage die als Problemlösungsstrategien faßbaren kulturellen Muster entstehen bzw. entstanden sind. Diese objektiven Bedingungen resultieren aus dem objektiven Konstitutionsprozeß, dessen ideeller Ausdruck vor allem in drei Bestimmungen geschehen kann: (1.) Arbeitskraft als Ware, (2.) Produktionsprozeß als widersprüchliche Einheit von Arbeitsprozeß und dominierendem Verwertungsprozeß, (3.) doppelt gebrochene Kooperation als spezifische Form des gesellschaftlichen Charakters der Arbeit. In diesen Konstitutionsbestimmungen begreifbar geschieht die ständige Produktion und Reproduktion der sozialen Realität, deren Verselbständigung und Fremdwerden aber bedeuten, daß das bereits Produzierte je subjektiv noch einmal eingeholt werden muß in einem zweiten, subjektiven Konstitutionsprozeß. Die Vermittlung zwischen den beiden Konstitutionsprozessen wird (a) in spezifischer Form in den kulturellen Mustern tradiert und geschieht (b) immer neu im Handeln in sozialen Situationen, aus dem auch die kulturellen Muster einmal hervorgegangen sind. Es wird versucht, den spezifischen Gegenstand aus diesem Kontext heraus zu entfalten.
Statistische Signifikanz und sozialwissenschaftliche Relevanz
Authors: Kriz Jürgen 
Published: April 2019

Zusammenfassung
Grundlage statistischer Entscheidungsmodelle ist eine unrealistische HO - dies führt zu einer Gefahr der Fehlinterpretation, wenn Signifikanztests nicht mehr nur ein Glied in einer von der sozialwissenschaftlichen Fragestellung her relevanten Forschung darstellen, sondern heute oftmals zum Ritual werden, indem sie als Rechtfertigung für die Forschung dienen und so den Anspruch eines Relevanzkriteriums erheben. Ein solcher - an ihrer ursprünglichen Konzeption gemessener - Mißbrauch der Signifikanztests kann möglicherweise verringert werden, wenn man Entscheidungsmodelle so umformuliert, daß der Forscher gezwungen wird, bestimmte Gesichtspunkte der Relevanz - die, wie gezeigt wird, auf jeden Fall implizit in die Signifikanztests eingehen - explizit zu formulieren. Dies wird exemplarisch am Beispiel des t-Test-Modells diskutiert, und daraus wird ein solches Alternativmodell ansatzweise entwickelt.
¿Por qué acudir a la literatura para recrear la configuración del perdón en el conflicto armado interno colombiano?
Authors: Vásquez Santamaría Jorge Eduardo , Merino Martínez Catalina , López Salazar Estefanía 
Published: April 2019

Hablar de posacuerdo implica comprender que la paz no surge de la convención formal entre actores en conflicto, sino de la reconstrucción lenta de una sociedad fragmentada por el dolor a partir de la interacción y el perdón entre víctimas y victimarios. Por ello, el perdón emerge como elemento imprescindible para la reestructuración de la civilidad, y una de las maneras posibles de alcanzarlo se encuentra en la literatura, testimonio ético-político que deja huella del acontecimiento en la memoria colectiva y constituye el escenario propicio para el encuentro y la afirmación de la otredad y de la memoria. Con la literatura como escenario se propuso la pregunta: ¿cómo se ha configurado el perdón a partir de los géneros literarios dentro del conflicto armado interno en Colombia (1948-2016)? Interrogante desde el cual se analizaron las distintas configuraciones que ha asumido el perdón a partir de los géneros literarios en el desarrollo del conflicto armado interno. Con el perdón, el conflicto, las narrativas y los géneros literarios como categorías predefinidas de investigación se ejecutó una metodología soportada en el modelo cualitativo, con enfoque histórico-hermenéutico y aplicación del método hermenéutico. Dando lugar así a un constructo teórico y reflexivo de la literatura como herramienta potencial para la configuración del perdón en la sociedad en posacuerdo. Este texto se propone entonces responder la pregunta ¿por qué acudir a la literatura para recrear la configuración del perdón en el conflicto armado interno colombiano?
Segregación socioespacial bajo el nuevo modelo de ciudad en América Latina. Características, perspectivas e implicaciones
Authors: López Martínez Alexandra 
Published: April 2019

El fenómeno de segregación socioespacial ha cambiado su patrón tradicional, principalmente desde finales del siglo xx de acuerdo a las transformaciones económicas que trajo consigo la globalización en su etapa más desarrollada que es el neoliberalismo. En este artículo se persiguen dos objetivos, por un lado,caracterizar el patrón de segregación socioespacial contemporáneo desde la perspectiva de escala como grado y como valor; y por el otro, avanzar sobre las transformaciones que han producido los agentes y actores sociales a partir de la territorialización de sus acciones en la construcción del espacio urbano. Para el desarrollo de estos objetivos la autora analiza teórica y cualitativamente las características del fenómeno segregativo a escala periubana. Concluye que, a pesar de no darse un proceso de metropolización como en las ciudades globales, la ciudad difusa se va a encontrar mayoritariamente en las ciudades independiente de su preponderancia —si son grandes o no—, y demuestra así que la segregación a pesar de haber cambiado su patrón —geográficamente los grupos sociales se encuentran menos alejados— no ha dejado de ser un fenómeno que está en aumento no por suseparación física sino social.
La emergencia emotiva del pensamiento objetivo
Authors: Suárez Acevedo Camila , Pérez  Jiménez Miguel Ángel 
Published: April 2019

El auge del externismo sobre los contenidos mentales ha motivado enfoques interpretativos sobre la atribución de pensamientos. La teoría de la triangulación destaca en ese contexto, pues hace compatibles el externismo físico y el social al señalar que la atribución de pensamientos responde a los estándares de racionalidad del intérprete aplicados a una base de evidencia constituida por la interacción causal y social del interpretado con su entorno. Esta dependencia externa causal y social del pensamiento es lo que lo hace objetivo. Sin embargo, la triangulación tiene problemas para explicar la atribución de pensamiento objetivo cuando la base evidencial es insuficiente, tal como ocurre en los primeros estadios del desarrollo psicológico. Este caso pone en evidencia un cúmulo de suposiciones no explicadas del externismo sobre las relaciones mente-mundo e interpretado-intérprete. El problema se debe a un error fundamental en la definición de los escenarios triangulares de interpretación, que puede subsanarse introduciendo algunas tesis sobre las emociones básicas que a su vez conllevan una redefinicióndel concepto mismo de triangulación.
Deep level related yellow luminescence in p-type GaN grown by MBE on (0001) sapphire
Authors: Salviati Giancarlo , Armani Nicola , Zanotti-Fregonara Carlo , Gombia Enos , Albrecht Martin , Strunk Horst P. , Mayer Markus , Kamp Markus , Gasparotto Andrea 
Published: April 2019

Yellow luminescence (YL) has been studied in GaN:Mg doped with Mg concentrations ranging from 1019 to 1021 cm-3 by spectral CL (T=K) and TEM and explained by suggesting that a different mechanism could be responsible for the YL in p-type GaN with respect to that acting in n-type GaN.Transitions at 2.2, 2.8, 3.27, 3.21, and 3.44 eV were found. In addition to the wurtzite phase, TEM showed a different amount of the cubic phase in the samples. Nano tubes with a density of 3×109 cm−2 were also observed by approaching the layer/substrate interface. Besides this, coherent inclusions were found with a diameter in the nm range and a volume fraction of about 1%.The 2.8 eV transition was correlated to a deep level at 600 meV below the conduction band (CB) due to MgGa-VN complexes. The 3.27 eV emission was ascribed to a shallow acceptor at about 170-190 meV above the valence band (VB) due to MgGa.The 2.2 eV yellow band, not present in low doped samples, increased by increasing the Mg concentration. It was ascribed to a transition between a deep donor level at 0.8-1.1 eV below the CB edge due to NGa and the shallow acceptor due to MgGa. This assumption was checked by studying the role of C in Mg compensation. CL spectra from a sample with high C content showed transitions between a C-related 200 meV shallow donor and a deep donor level at about 0.9-1.1 eV below the CB due to a NGa-VN complex. In our hypothesis this should induce a decrease of the integrated intensity in both the 2.2 and 2.8 eV bands, as actually shown by CL investigations.
Grup Rehberliği Programının Engelli Çocuğa Sahip Çalışan Annelerin Mesleki Tükenmişlik, İşle Bütünleşme ve Eş Tükenmişliği Düzeyine Etkisi
Authors: GÜLER Mustafa , ÇAPRİ Burhan 
Published: April 2019

Bu çalışmada,
grup rehberliği programının engelli çocuğa sahip çalışan annelerin
mesleki tükenmişlik, işle bütünleşme ve eş tükenmişliği düzeylerini etkileyip
etkilemediğinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Tam (gerçek) deneysel desende öntest
sontest kontrol gruplu seçkisiz desen kullanıldığı bu çalışmanın araştırma
grubu, Konya ili merkez Selçuklu, Meram ve Karatay ilçelerinde Rehberlik ve
Araştırma Merkezi tarafından eğitsel
değerlendirme ve tanılaması
yapılan 3-16 yaş arasında engelli çocuğa sahip çalışan anneler arasından
deney (13 kişi) ve kontrol (13 kişi) gruplarına seçkisiz olarak atanan 26
kişiden oluşmuştur. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak, Tükenmişlik
Ölçeği-Kısa Formu (TÖ-KF), Eş Tükenmişlik Ölçeği-Kısa Formu (ETÖ-KF), Utrecth
İşle Bütünleşme Ölçeği (UİBÖ)
ve araştırmacılar tarafından oluşturulan “Kişisel Bilgi Formu”
kullanılmıştır. Deney grubuna 10 hafta boyunca haftada 1 kez, her bir oturum 90
dakika olmak üzere toplam 10 oturum, araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan grup
rehberliği programı uygulanmıştır. Kontrol grubuyla ise herhangi bir işlem
yapılmamıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen verilerin istatistiksel analizi için
SPSS 16.0 paket programı kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde, grup rehberliği
programının engelli çocuğa sahip çalışan annelerin mesleki tükenmişlik, işle
bütünleşme ve eş tükenmişliği düzeylerini etkileyip etkilemediğinin incelemek
amacıyla, Shapiro-Wilk testinden, bağımlı ve bağımsız gruplar için t
testinden, varyansların homojenliğini
test etmek için Levene testinden ve kovaryans analizinden (ANCOVA)
yararlanılmıştır. Kovaryans analizi sonuçlarına gore, annelerin mesleki tükenmişlik
ve eş tükenmişliği öntest puanlarına göre düzeltilmiş sontestten aldıkları
ortalama puanlar arasında anlamlı fark olduğu, işle bütünleşme öntest
puanlarına göre, düzeltilmiş sontestten aldıkları ortalama puanlar arasında ise
anlamlı bir fark olmadığı bulunmuştur.
Ayrıca grup rehberliği programının uzun süreli (Long-Lasting) etkisinin
deneyin bitiminden 2 ay (8 hafta) sonra da devam ettiği saptanmıştır.
ПРЕВРАЩЕНИЯ АЗОТОРГАНИЧЕСКИХ ОСНОВАНИЙ СМОЛИСТЫХ КОМПОНЕНТОВ НЕФТИ КРАПИВИНСКОГО МЕСТОРОЖДЕНИЯ ПРИ ТЕРМИЧЕСКОМ ВОЗДЕЙСТВИИ
Authors: (Natalia N. Gerasimova) Герасимова Наталья Николаевна , (Таtyana А. Sagachenko) Сагаченко Татьяна Анатольевна , (Raisa S. Min) Мин Раиса Сергеевна 
Published: April 2019

Актуальность работы обусловлена необходимостью получения информации о термической устойчивости азоторганических оснований смолистых компонентов верхнеюрской метано-нафтеновой нефти месторождения Крапивинское, расположенного на территории Томской области, для решения проблем, связанных с ее переработкой. Цель работы: получение данных о направлениях термических превращений азоторганических оснований смол нефти Крапивинского месторождения. Методы исследования: комплексообразование, экстракция, ЯМР 1Н спектроскопия, структурно-групповой анализ, хроматомасс-спектрометрия. Результаты. На основании изучения состава и структуры азоторганических оснований смол нефти Крапивинского месторождения до и после термического воздействия (450 °С, 30 мин, инертная среда) показано, что при термолизе в выбранных условиях происходит частичная деструкция высокомолекулярных оснований и полная потеря низкомолекулярных оснований. Все основания в термолизованных смолах являются продуктами превращения высокомолекулярных соединений исходных смол. Установлено, что большую часть оснований в смолах до и после термической обработки составляют высокомолекулярные соединения, однако их доля в термолизованных смолах существенно ниже. Термопреобразованные основания имеют меньшие средние молекулярные массы, чем исходные. Состав выделенных соединений исследован методами структурно-группового анализа и газовой хроматомасс-спектрометрии. Показано, что средние молекулы азоторганических оснований обоих типов смол построены из ароматических, нафтеновых и алкильных фрагментов. В средних молекулах соединений термолизованных смол более высока доля ароматических атомов углерода за счет снижения доли нафтеновых и алкильных углеродных атомов. В составе оснований исходных и термолизованных смол присутствуют алкилпроизводные хинолина, бензохинолина, дибензохинолина и азапирена, среди которых преобладают алкилбензохинолины. Особенностью азааренов термолизованных смол является повышенное содержание алкилхинолинов. Для термопреобразованных структур характерно менее развитое алкильное замещение и более высокая доля в их составе низкомолекулярных гомологов.
Selección de ítems para el desarrollo de	un instrumento de evaluación	de severidad de trastornos mentales en pacientes sin psicosis o déficit cognitivo
Authors: Damiani-Rodríguez Percy G. , Vega-Dienstmaier Johann M. 
Published: April 2019

Objetivo: Seleccionar los ítems más relevantes para la creación de un instrumento de evaluación global de pacientes psiquiátricos ambulatorios sin psicosis ni déficit cognitivo. Material y Métodos: Se aplicaron 60 ítems, procedentes de diferentes escalas que evalúan principalmente severidad de síntomas, discapacidad y calidad de vida, a 313 pacientes con trastornos mentales de la consulta ambulatoria de psiquiatría del Hospital Cayetano Heredia (Lima, Perú). Al mismo tiempo, se evaluó la severidad de su sintomatología mental a través de la Escala de Impresión Clínica Global de Severidad (CGI-S). Se determinaron los ítems más relevantes en base a las cargas factoriales (CF) de cada ítem producto de un análisis factorial policórico y las correlaciones policóricas entre cada ítem y la CGI-S (cCGI). Resultados: Los 11 ítems más relevantes fueron: Calidad de vida global (CF=0,7958, cCGI=-0,4275), Bienestar psicológico (CF=0,7891, cCGI=-0,4507), Tristeza (CF=0,7601, cCGI=-0,4613), Sentimientos negativos (CF=0,7595, cCGI=-0,4269), Angustia (CF=0,7501, cCGI=-0,4824), Libertad y seguridad (CF=0,7402, cCGI=-0,4011), Suicidalidad (CF=0,7147, cCGI=-0,4766), Sentido de vida (CF=0,6998, cCGI=-0,4161), Crecimiento personal (CF=0,6987, cCGI=-0,4198), Espiritualidad, religión y creencias personales (CF=0,6936, cCGI=-0,3925) y Plenitud personal (CF=0,6869, cCGI=-0,4073). Conclusiones: Los 11 ítems seleccionados podrían constituir un instrumento corto de auto-reporte para la evaluación de enfermedad mental.