bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Levels of miR‐31 and its target genes in dermal mesenchymal cells of patients with psoriasis
Authors: Wang Qiang , Chang Wenjuan , Yang Xiaohong , Cheng Yueai , Zhao Xincheng , Zhou Ling , Li Juan , Li Junqin , Zhang Kaiming 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundPsoriasis is characterized by chronic inflammatory dermatosis, and the pathogenesis of psoriasis is associated with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and deregulation of the expression of miR‐31. This study aimed to clarify the function of miR‐31 in dermal MSCs (DMSCs) in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.MethodsThe expression of miR‐31 was assayed by a microarray and that of target genes of miR‐31 was tested by quantitative PCR.ResultsThe expression of miR‐31 in the psoriasis group was 0.2677 folds that of the control group. The expression of EMP1 and EIG121L genes, whose products are located on the cell membrane, in the psoriasis group was 4.095579 and 5.367017 folds that in the control group, respectively. The expression of GRB10, PTPN14, QKI, RNF144B, and TACC2 genes, whose products are located in the cytoplasm, in the psoriasis group was 1.440428, 1.198335, 1.737285, 7.379546, and 1.531947 folds that of the control. The expression of PRELP, whose products are secreted in the extracellular space, in the psoriasis group was 1.351684 folds that of the control. The expression of RBMS1, KHDRBS3, and SATB2, whose products play a role in the nucleus, in the psoriasis group was 2.237199, 1.277159, and 1.005742 folds that of the control, respectively.ConclusionsOur results suggest that the low expression of miR‐31 in DMSCs in patients with psoriasis causes an increase in the expression of some of its target genes, which in turn facilitates T lymphocyte activation by inhibiting the proliferation of DMSCs and therefore participates in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.
The safety and efficacy of daylight photodynamic therapy in the treatment of actinic keratoses: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhao Weijia , Guan Meng , Nong Xiang , Li Qian , Chen Zonghan 
Published: September 2018

AbstractDaylight photodynamic therapy (DLPDT) is a novel therapeutic approach for actinic keratoses (AKs). This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of DLPDT in treating patients with AKs as compared to conventional photodynamic therapy (CPDT). PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published before November 2017, based on the following search terms: “solar keratoses”, “actinic keratoses”, “photodynamic therapy”, “daylight photodynamic therapy”, “conventional photodynamic therapy”, and “randomized”. The complete response rate, patient satisfaction, and patient‐reported pain after intervention with DLPDT or CPDT were primarily measured. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to determine the reliability of results. Begg's and Egger's tests were used to assess the likelihood of publication bias. Eight RCTs, comprising a total of 424 patients with AKs treated with DLPDT or CPDT, were included. No significant difference was found between the lesion response rate and the mean lesion response in a comparison of DLPDT and CPDT treatments. Generally, DLPDT was associated with higher patient satisfaction than CPDT. The patients who underwent DLPDT experienced less pain than those who underwent CPDT. Most of our results were of high stability and low sensitivity. Meanwhile, no statistical evidence of publication bias among studies was found under all comparisons. In conclusion, DLPDT is a safe and effective therapy, which could help in selecting the most appropriate therapeutic method for treating AKs and in guiding physicians to optimize treatment strategies.
Serum elafin as a potential inflammatory marker in psoriasis
Authors: Elgharib Ibrahim , Khashaba Shrook A. , Elsaid Hanaa H. , Sharaf Mona M. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundPsoriasis is a distressing chronic skin disease. Its exact pathogenesis is still unclear, as many factors interplay in its occurrence.AimThe aim of the study is to estimate elafin levels in the serum of both cases and controls and to correlate the levels with psoriasis severity and other markers of inflammation.Subjects and methodsTwenty‐six psoriatic cases along with 26 healthy controls were assigned in this case‐control study. Psoriasis severity was determined by Psoriasis Area and Severity Index score. Elafin levels were measured by ELISA in serum of both cases and controls. C‐reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were measured in the cases.ResultsElafin levels show highly statistical significance difference (P < 0.001) between cases and controls. There is a statistical significant correlation between elafin levels and both psoriasis severity and inflammation markers as CRP and ESR.ConclusionElafin represents a mirror for psoriasis severity and inflammatory state.
Effectively controlling the crystal growth of Cr2O3 using SiO2 as the second phase
Authors: Yao Suzhe , Wang Enhui , Chen Junhong , Chou Kuo‐Chih , Hou Xinmei 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe inevitable crystal growth of Cr2O3 during sintering causes the generation of cracks, which degrades the high‐temperature properties. To solve this, SiO2 is adopted as the second phase and the specimens are sintered at 1200‐1500°C under buried carbon condition. The results show that the addition of approximate 20 wt% SiO2 can effectively control the crystal growth of Cr2O3. The Cr2O3 particle size can keep uniform ranging from 4 μm to 12 μm even when the temperature increases to 1500°C. The sintering of Cr2O3 mainly follows the defect model, which depends on the reaction temperatures and atmospheres. This work should also contribute to the sintering of other oxide refractories with controlled crystal size for practical application.
Diagnostic accuracy of a new ex vivo confocal laser scanning microscope compared to H&E‐stained paraffin slides for micrographic surgery of basal cell carcinoma
Authors: Peters N. , Schubert M. , Metzler G. , Geppert J.‐P. , Moehrle M. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundFor safe excision of malignant skin tumours, complete negative surgical margins are mandatory. The gold standard for analysis is frozen sections or paraffin‐embedded haematoxylin and eosin (H&E)‐stained slides. The production of H&E‐stained slides is time‐consuming (>20 h) while wounds remain unclosed. An upcoming method is confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), a technique that scans unfixed fresh tissue rapidly.ObjectiveEvaluation of the process to generate and analyse CLSM images and assessment of the accuracy to detect basal cell carcinoma (BCC) tissue.MethodsDigital microscopic images were generated by the Histolog Scanner v1 from 544 fresh specimens of 148 BCCs that had been stained with a 0.01% proflavine solution. CLSM images were compared to the histological diagnoses of the corresponding H&E‐stained slides.ResultsA total of 525 images could be analysed. The sensitivity was 73% (95% CI = [65.27%; 80.47%]), and the specificity was 96% (95% CI = [93.40%; 97.60%]). Detection of BCCs in punch biopsies was certainly detected (sensitivity of 100%). The median total time to generate and evaluate a CLSM image was 5.17 min (maximum 20.17 min and minimum 2.05 min). The greatest challenge was flattening the specimen to assure complete representation of the surgical margins.ConclusionConfocal laser scanning microscopy is a time‐saving and very effective alternative to classical paraffin‐embedded or frozen sections. Patient treatment could be improved due to shorter hospital stays or faster outpatient therapy due to reduced intervals between surgical stages. Diagnostic accuracy of the microscope used still must be improved.
The Mexican Experience Adapting CenteringPregnancy: Lessons Learned in a Publicly Funded Health Care System Serving Vulnerable Women
Authors: Heredia‐Pi Ileana B. , Fuentes‐Rivera Evelyn , Andrade‐Romo Zafiro , Bravo Bolaños Cacho María de Lourdes , Alcalde‐Rabanal Jacqueline , Jurkiewicz Laurie , Darney Blair G. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractGroup antenatal care is an innovative model of health care in which all components of antenatal care—clinical, educational, and supportive—happen in a group context with health care professionals as facilitators. CenteringPregnancy is the most studied model of group antenatal care, now widely implemented in the United States. This model has been shown to be effective in improving health and behavioral outcomes in the United States, but there is less known about the experience adapting group antenatal care in settings outside the US health care system. This article describes the adaptation of the CenteringPregnancy model to a Mexican context. We describe the Mexican health care context and our adaptation process and highlight key factors to consider when adapting the content and modality of the CenteringPregnancy model for diverse populations and health systems. Our findings are relevant to others seeking to implement group antenatal care in settings outside the US health care system.
Prospective Study of the Clinical, Electrophysiologic, and Sonographic Characteristics of Oxaliplatin‐Induced Neuropathy
Authors: Pitarokoili Kalliopi , Höffken Nadine , Lönneker Niko , Fisse Anna Lena , Trampe Nadine , Gold Ralf , Reinacher‐Schick Anke , Yoon Min‐Suk 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEOxaliplatin‐induced neuropathy is a major dose limiting side effect of the highly effective combination chemotherapy with oxaliplatin, irinotecan, and 5‐fluorouracil (FOLFIRINOX) in patients with metastastic pancreatic cancer. We present the first longitudinal sonographical‐electrophysiological study on oxaliplatin‐induced neuropathy.METHODSThirteen patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer underwent clinical, sonographic, and electrophysiological evaluation before, 3 and 7 months after treatment with 12 two‐week cycles of FOLFIRINOX.RESULTSThe majority of patients (61%) developed symptoms and electrophysiological signs of a length‐dependent sensorimotor axonal neuropathy 7 months after treatment initiation. Oxaliplatin‐induced neuropathy presented with a cross‐sectional area (CSA) increase of mostly the tibial and fibular nerve, which developed parallel or prior to clinical signs and electrophysiological changes. Furthermore, isolated CSA at entrapment sites of the upper and lower extremities was measured without relevant symptoms. No correlation between sonographic and electrophysiological findings or clinical severity was detected.CONCLUSIONSOxaliplatin‐induced neuropathy is characterized by an axonal length‐dependent nerve affection presenting with a combination of sonographical and electrophysiological alterations.
Clinical Factors That Affect the Relationship between Head Circumference and Brain Volume in Very‐Low‐Birth‐Weight Infants
Authors: Kawasaki Yukako , Yoshida Taketoshi , Matsui Mie , Hiraiwa Akiko , Inomata Satomi , Tamura Kentaro , Makimoto Masami , Oishi Kenichi 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEMeasuring head circumference (HC) in infants is an easy screening procedure with which to detect abnormalities in brain growth. It has been demonstrated that HC can predict total brain volume (TBV) in very‐low‐birth‐weight (VLBW) infants. However, the correlation between HC and TBV was weaker than that observed in healthy term‐born toddlers, suggesting that there are factors that influence the relationship between HC and TBV. The aim of this study was to identify the clinical risk factors that caused a deviation from the regression line obtained between HC and TBV.METHODSThe study population was based on 37 VLBW infants, who underwent a clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination at a term‐equivalent age, during 2013–2015, at Toyama University Hospital. The HC and the TBV were both adjusted for sex, multiple births, and postmenstrual age. The relationship between TBV/HC and clinical characteristics was evaluated.RESULTSThere was a positive correlation between HC and TBV (r = .58, P = .000168). Two clinical factors, the lower birth body weight (BBW) (r = .38, P = .02) and dolichocephaly (r = 0.46, P = .006), were identified as factors that negatively affected the TBV/HC ratio. After excluding infants with low BBW or with dolichocephaly, the correlation between HC and TBV was higher (r = .63).CONCLUSIONSAlthough HC has predictive value for TBV in VLBW infants, care should be taken in infants with low BBW (BBW less than 600 g) or dolichocephaly (MRI‐based cranial index less than .68), which were related to overestimation of TBV.
Predictive risk factors for complicated pneumonia in Malaysian children
Authors: Ooi Jian Min , Eg Kah Peng , Chinna Karuthan , Nathan Anna M , de Bruyne Jessie A , Thavagnanam Surendran 
Published: September 2018

AimTo investigate baseline characteristics associated with complicated community‐acquired pneumonia (CAPc) in Malaysian children. CAPc, such as pleural effusion and/or empyema, is on the rise, especially in Southeast Asian children, and the reasons for this are unknown.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted on all children aged 2–16 years who were admitted to the University Malaya Medical Centre with community‐acquired pneumonia between 2012 and 2014.ResultsIn this study, of the 343 children, 58 (17%) developed CAPc. Chinese ethnicity (P < 0.001), reduced breastfeeding duration (P = 0.003), not receiving outpatient antibiotic (P < 0.001) and exposure to parental smoking (P < 0.001) were identified as risk factors for CAPc. Markedly increased respiratory rate (P = 0.021) and thrombocytosis (P < 0.001) were noted as the clinical parameters for CAPc.ConclusionThis study identifies some modifiable risk to reduce the burden of pneumonia complications.
Tannins from Terminalia chebula fruits attenuates GABA antagonist-induced anxiety-like behaviour via modulation of neurotransmitters
Authors: Chandrasekhar Yadavalli , Phani Kumar Garlapati , Navya Katram , Ramya Edavalath Methal , Anilakumar Kandangath Raghavan 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Objectives
This article investigates the anxiolytic activity of Terminalia chebula tannin-rich extract against picrotoxin (PTX; GABA antagonist)-induced anxiety in mice model.

Methods
Anxiolytic activity was studied by elevated plus maze (EPM), open field test (OFT), light/dark box test (LDT) and Vogel's conflict test (VCT). Electroencephalogram (EEG) was performed to know the changes in brain activity instigated by GABA antagonist. 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), dopamine and norepinephrine levels in brain tissues were estimated by HPLC. The mRNA (CREB, BDNF, GABA, and 5-HT1A) and protein expression (CREB, p-CREB, BDNF, ERK ½, p-ERK ½, GABAARα1, 5-HT1A and GAPDH) levels in brain tissue were determined by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively.

Key findings
Terminalia chebula tannin-rich extract (TCHE) supplementation increased locomotion in mice towards open arm (EPM), time spent in illuminated area (LDT), rearing frequency (OFT) and number of shocks (VCT) compared to PTX (P &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, TCHE down-regulated serum cortisol levels and showed increased levels of 5-HT, DA and NE. Gene expressions such as BDNF, CREB, GABAA and 5-HT1A were up-regulated by TCHE treatment compared to PTX.

Conclusions
Terminalia chebula tannin-rich extract showed significant anxiolytic activity against picrotoxin and could be used as natural therapy in neurodegenerative disorders.
Investigation of potent anticarcinogenic activity of 1, 3-diarylpyrazole acrylamide derivatives in vitro
Authors: Demiroglu-Zergeroglu Asuman , Ayvali Nurettin , Turhal Gulseren , Ceylan Hurmuz , Nacak Baytas Sultan 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Objectives
Pyrazole derivatives are pharmacologically powerful agents pointing at new horizons in the development of anticancer therapies. In this study, anticarcinogenic potential of a series of pyrazole-acrylamide derivatives has been investigated in mesothelial, malignant mesothelioma and lung cancer cell lines.

Methods
The effect of compounds on the viability of cells and the distribution of cell cycle were examined through MTS assay and PI staining, respectively. Apoptosis was evaluated via caspase-3 enzymatic assay and AO/EB staining. Proteins involved in proliferation, survival and apoptosis were analysed by immunoblotting.

Key findings
Twelve compounds of 21 (4a–4v) reduced the viability of cells but, only the subset of five (4f, 4i, 4j, 4k and 4v) induced the caspase-3 activity. Among five, only one compound (4k) significantly suppressed phosphorylation and expression of ERK1/2 and AKT proteins in 24 h. Exposing cancer cells to successive concentrations of 4k gave rise to dose- and time-dependent G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis.

Conclusions
4k has revealed its potent antiproliferative activity by decreasing viability and inhibiting proliferation and survival signals of cancer cells. Moreover, 4k has exposed cytostatic and apoptotic effect especially, on cancer cells. Therefore, it may be necessary to examine the biological actions of 4k in vivo as well.
Burnout symptoms in forensic psychiatric nurses and their associations with personality, emotional intelligence and client aggression: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: de Looff Peter , Nijman Henk , Didden Robert , Embregts Petri 
Published: September 2018

Accessible summaryWhat is known on the subject?

Client aggression in forensic psychiatry is associated with burnout symptoms in nursing staff. It is unclear what mechanisms contribute to this relationship.

The type and severity of aggression might be of importance in the association between client aggression and burnout symptoms, but also the personality characteristics and emotional intelligence of nursing staff.

It is unknown whether wearable devices that measure arousal can be used to detect chronic stress and burnout symptoms.

What does this paper add to existing knowledge?

Especially, physical aggression as experienced by nursing staff is associated with staff's burnout symptoms (e.g., emotional exhaustion and depersonalization). Further research on the aggression questionnaire is necessary.

The stress management skill of nursing staff is an important factor to consider in the association between burnout symptoms and client aggression.

The wearable device was not useful for detecting burnout symptoms.

What are the implications for practice?

Nursing staff who experience (physical) aggression should be carefully monitored and should receive social support from their management to aid their well‐being. Contrary to intuition, nurses who reported a higher number of stress management skills might have to be monitored more closely if necessary.

AbstractIntroductionAggressive behaviour of forensic clients is associated with burnout symptoms in nursing staff. The role of staff characteristics as moderators is unclear.AimWe explored the association between type and severity of aggressive behaviour as experienced by nursing staff and staff's burnout symptoms. In addition, the moderating roles of personality characteristics and emotional intelligence (EI) were studied. Moreover, the usefulness of ambulatory skin conductance assessments in detecting arousal related to burnout symptoms was studied.MethodA total of 114 forensic nursing staff members filled out questionnaires and wore an ambulatory device.ResultsExperiencing physical aggression was positively associated with staff's burnout symptoms. Stress management skills, a subscale of EI, but not personality, moderated this relationship. Skin conductance was not associated with burnout symptoms. Remarkably, the association between aggression and burnout symptoms was highest for staff reporting a higher number of stress management skills.DiscussionLongitudinal research is necessary to establish causality between client aggression and staff burnout symptoms. In addition, further research is necessary on the validity of the aggression measure used in the current study.Implication for practiceNursing staff who experience physical aggression frequently should receive social support for this, and staff who report high stress management skills should be monitored more carefully after having been confronted with aggression.
Changes in sensory proteins in the bladder urothelium of patients with chronic kidney disease and end‐stage renal disease
Authors: Chen Sheng‐Fu , Lee Cheng‐Ling , Kuo Hann‐Chorng 
Published: September 2018

ObjectivePatients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) or end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) frequently have lower urinary tract symptoms, such as frequency, urgency, or bladder pain. This study evaluated sensory protein expression in the bladder urothelium of patients with CKD or ESRD.MethodsTwenty‐seven patients with ESRD or CKD and urodynamically proven detrusor underactivity (DU; n = 8) or bladder oversensitivity (n = 19) were enrolled in the study. These patients, and 10 controls, underwent cystoscopic biopsies of the urothelium. Western blotting analysis was used to examine the expression of sensory proteins, namely purinergic P2X3, muscarinic M2 and M3, and β3‐adrenergic (AR) receptors, as well as inducible (i) and epithelial (e) nitric oxide synthase (NOS), in tissue samples. Expression was compared between CKD or ESRD patients and controls.ResultsP2X3 receptor expression was lower, whereas β3‐AR was expression higher in the bladder urothelium of the patient group (ESRD and CKD combined) compared with controls. In addition, compared with controls, CKD patients had significantly lower P2X3 receptor expression, whereas ESRD patients had significantly higher M3 receptor expression. There were no significant differences in M2 receptor, eNOS, and iNOS expression between ESRD or CKD patients and controls. Patients with DU had significantly higher M2 and M3 receptor expression. There were no significant differences in the expression of any protein between ESRD and CKD patients, regardless of the presence of bladder pain or anuria.ConclusionSignificantly decreased P2X3 receptor and increased β3‐AR expression are seen in the bladder urothelium of patients with ESRD or CKD. The expression of these sensory proteins is not associated with decreased bladder capacity or anuria status in patients with ESRD or CKD.
The potential role of antioxidants in mitigating skin hyperpigmentation resulting from ultraviolet and visible light‐induced oxidative stress
Authors: Nahhas Amanda F. , Abdel‐Malek Zalfa A. , Kohli Indermeet , Braunberger Taylor L. , Lim Henry W. , Hamzavi Iltefat H. 
Published: September 2018

SummaryOxidative stress is an integral element that influences a variety of biochemical reactions throughout the body and is known to play a notable role in melanogenesis. Exogenous triggers of oxidative stress, such as ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and visible light (VL), lead to pigment formation through somewhat different pathways, but both share a common endpoint—the potential to generate cosmetically undesirable hyperpigmentation. Though organic and inorganic sunscreens are available to protect against the UVR portion of the electromagnetic spectrum, coverage is lacking to protect against the VL spectrum. In this manuscript, we review the phases of tanning, pathways of melanogenesis triggered by UVR and VL, and the associated impact of oxidative stress. We also discuss the known intrinsic mechanisms and paracrine regulation of melanocytes that influence their response to UVR. Understanding these mechanisms and their role in UVR‐induced hyperpigmentation should potentially lead to identification of useful targets that can be coupled with antioxidant therapy to alleviate this effect.