bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of low sodium salted eggs and its antioxidant potential
Authors: Ariviani Setyaningrum , Fitriasih Nur Hikmah , Ishartini Dwi 
Published: April 2019

<p class="Body"><strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong></p><p class="Body"><strong><em>Background:</em></strong><em> Salted egg is one of processed egg products which has a nutrient content that is comparable to the fresh egg, has a longer shelf life and can be consumed by all ages. The main process in the salted egg production is salting (NaCl) treatment that will give salty taste and acts as a preservative.</em></p><p class="Body"><strong><em>Objectives: </em></strong><em>This study aimed to develop low-sodium salted eggs with an antioxidant potential through the innovations in the salting process.</em></p><p class="Body"><strong><em>Methods:</em></strong><em> This was an experimental research. Salted eggs were produced with innovations in salting process using various concentration of teak leaf extract and potassium chloride (KCl) substitution. The sensory qualities of the salted eggs were determined using differential tests. Salted eggs with the best sensory quality were determined their nutritional quality with proximate measurements and their antioxidative potency by measuring total phenolic content and antioxidant activity</em></p><p class="Body"><strong><em>Results:</em></strong><em> The research result showed that the KCl substitution did not affect the total phenolic content (TPC) of salted eggs, but it reduced the sensory qualities which include the quality of taste, color, flavor and overall. The addition of teak leaf extracts improved both the sensory quality and TPC of salted eggs produced with KCl substitutions. TPC increased along with increased of teak leaf extract concentrations. KCl substitution or addition of teak leaves extract proved to increase the radical scavenging activity of salted eggs. The low-sodium salted egg with an antioxidant potential which was made using selected salting formulation had nutritional and sensory qualities which comparable to the salted eggs produced using sodium chloride (NaCl)</em></p><p class="Body"><strong><em>Conclusions</em></strong><em>: The low-sodium salted eggs have antioxidant potential that can be produced by salting process innovation using teak leaf extract and KCl substitution.</em></p><strong>KEYWORDS<em>: </em></strong><em>salted egg, KCl, teak leaf extracts, antioxidants, sensory</em>
Numerical Modeling of Water Movement from Buried Vertical Ceramic Pipes through Coarse Soils
Authors: Rasheed Zena Kamil , Abid Maysoon Basheer 
Published: April 2019

Problem of water scarcity is becoming common in many parts of the world. Thus to overcome this problem proper management of water and an efficient irrigation systems are needed. Irrigation with buried vertical ceramic pipe is known as a very effective in management of irrigation water. The two- dimensional transient flow of water from a buried vertical ceramic pipe through homogenous porous media is simulated numerically using the software HYDRUS/2D to predict empirical formulas that describe the predicted results accurately. Different values of pipe lengths and hydraulic conductivity were selected. In addition, different values of initial volumetric soil water content were assumed in this simulation as initial conditions. Different values of applied head were assumed in this simulation as a boundary conditions. In general, a good agreement was obtained when comparing the predicted results with available measured values. The results of this research showed that greater spreading occur in vertical direction. Increasing applied heads, initial soil water contents, pipe hydraulic conductivities, cause increasing the size of wetting patterns. Also the results showed that the empirical formulas which can be used for expressing the wetted width and depth in terms of applied head, initial soil water content, application time, pipe hydraulic conductivity, and pipe length, are good and can be used as a designing equations.
LA PRENSA COLOMBIANA, ACTOR FUNDAMENTAL EN EL CAMBIO PERCEPTIVO DE LA DICTADURA DE ROJAS PINILLA
Authors: Vallejo Erazo Edgar Andrés , Córdoba Acosta Maria Alejandra 
Published: April 2019

El devenir histórico colombiano se ha visto permeado de un proceso dialéctico de imposición de ideologías, que han trastocado no solo a los partidos tradicionales (conservador y liberal), sino que a su vez han generado la raíz central de un marco de violencia nacional. Esta violencia política se ha recrudecido gracias al inﬂujo de la prensa, entendida esta como el principal medio de comunicación en el siglo XIX y XX, ya que desde su nacimiento, ha sido una expresión ﬁdedigna de la ideología de los partidos políticos, a tal punto de transformarse en la herramienta coercitiva para la formación de una opinión pública, que a la postre, contribuiría a la constitución de un imaginario y toma de decisión frente a los fenómenos nacionales.
El presente ensayo, apoyado en el paradigma Cualitativo, busca analizar esa relación estrecha entre prensa nacional, partidos políticos y violencia, a través de un estudio de caso especíﬁco: se retoma la dictadura de Gustavo Rojas Pinilla y se pretende comprender el papel que cumplió la prensa en la percepción de esta dictadura y como esta percepción inﬂuyó en el recrudecimiento de la violencia y radicalización de las perceptivas. Es decir, que esta investigación, planteada desde el método histórico- hermenéutico, pretende estudiar la intención discursiva que tuvieron los principales periódicos (El País, El Tiempo, El Espectador) de 1953 a 1957 frente a la dictadura y la imagen que formaron de esta, ya que en sus inicios es aprobada (Dictadura positiva) y progresivamente desemboca en el rechazo total (Dictadura negativa).
PENGUATAN KAPASITAS KELEMBAGAAN PLS DALAM MEMASUKI ERA KOMPETITIF MEA
Authors: Komar Oong 
Published: April 2019

PLS (pendidikan luar sekolah) adalah modus pendidikan kreatifitas, yaitu usaha pendidikan yang kesengajaan/berlangsungannya di dasarkan pilihan keinginan/kebutuhan dan kesungguh-sungguhan belajar peserta didik dari masyarakat tertentu, sehingga penyelenggaraan PLS berbeda dengan sekolah terutama menyangkut sistem pengelolaan materi/isi, media dan waktunya yang acapkali disesuaikan dengan kesempatan peserta didiknya.Ternyata kiprah PLS meliputi kelembagaan, program aksi dan ketenagaan, yang stake-holdernya tersebar, yaitu berada di masyarakat, praktisi, ahli dan pemerintahan, sehingga kondisi PLS bak seluas samudra dan seolah kompleksitas suatu spektrum. Namun, PLS yang sangat dibutuhkan masyarakat, dalam optimalisasi pelaksanaannya masih jauh dari harapan. Saat ini jumlah dan kualitas ketenagaan PLS masih belum standar dan yang menjadi penyuplai akademisnya (kelembagaan, program dan ketenagaan) pun hanya setingkat jurusan dan program studi. Kebutuhan nyata masyarakat mestinya mendorong peningkatan lembaga akademis PLS setidanya setingkat fakultas.Oleh karena itu, PLS perlu mengubah prioritas kegiatan, yang saat ini PLS berorientasi program harus diubah menjadi berorientasi penataan kelembagaan, seperti pembagian kerja antar stakeholder di pusat pemerintahan hingga daerah, peningkatan kemampuan organisasi, menata jaringan kerja, kemampuan layanan, spesifikasi disiplin ilmu, profesionalisasi ketenagaan dan kejelasan lokasi lapangan prakteknya.
IMPROVEMENT STRATEGY OF EARLY CHILDHOOD LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT THROUGH THE ROLE PLAYING METHODS IN MACRO PLAY CENTER AT RA. BAITUSSALAM CIMAHI
Authors: Rufaidah Erika 
Published: April 2019

Abstract Development of Early Childhood Education (PAUD) learning includes the field of developing behavioral formation and the field of developing basic skills. The field of developing behavioral formation includes religious and moral and social emotional values. While the development of basic abilities includes language, cognitive, and physical or motoric abilities. One area of basic development that needs to be developed is language development. Language skills are important because speaking with children will express their desires and can communicate with others around them. Language is an expression of mind and knowledge when children will interact with others. Children who are growing and developing communicate the needs of their thoughts and feelings through language, The objectives of this research are: (1) Describe the planning strategy to improve the development of early childhood language through the role playing method in the macro play center. (2) Describe the implementation of strategies to improve the development of early childhood language through the role playing method in the macro play center. (3) Describe the evaluation of strategies to improve the development of early childhood language through the role playing method in the macro play center. (4) Describe the results of strategies to improve the development of early childhood language through role playing methods in the macro play center. Learning methods that can be used to help improve children's language development are through the role playing method in the macro play center. With the role playing method in the macro play center, it is hoped that the development of children's language will be improved.Keywords: Language Development, Early Childhood, Macro Play Center
THE ROLE OF COMMUNITY LEADER IN DEVELOPING THE ACTIVITY OF TUNAS MANDIRI EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION RW (HAMLET.) 27 PADALARANG SUBDISTRICT, WEST BANDUNG
Authors: Rosita Tita 
Published: April 2019

The Implementation of Early Childhood Education (ECD) is to optimally grow, develop and foster the full potential of early childhood. So it could form basic behaviors and abilities of children in accordance with the stage of development in favor of having per preparation to enter further education and achieve the objective of education. In reality, the implementation of ECD in the community is not maximal that caused by various factors. One of the issues has been suffered by TUNAS MANDIRI ECD located at RW (Hamlet) 27, Padalarang subdistrict, West Bandung. For 11 years TUNAS MANDIRI ECD has not shown a significant Since it established in 2007, in other words, the learning process goes flat. But, in early 2017 and last 2018, this ECD shows an improvement. Therefore, this research is conducted by determining the research question; how the Community Leader in fostering TUNAS MANDIRI ECD in Padalarang Indah Regency, Padalarang, West Bandung. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method, with interviews and observation as a data collection technique. All data was taken from Community Leader, teacher of ECD, and the educators. There are four questions that answered by this research; How was the initial condition of the school, why this school did not show any progress for 11 years since it established, what factor that initiate the development in 2017 and what progress that achieved in 2017. As the result, the initial situation of this school are; having 30 students, 6 teacher, and educators. As a classroom, the ECD occupies an empty house. And for 11 years it did not develop due to the influence of passive community leaders, none of the teachers and educators were graduated from Early Childhood major. It means that the competence is not as it required, yet they follow various seminar, training, and HIMPAUDI Activity. The development since 2017 is due to the very responsive role of the head of the hamlet by having a clear mission to make this ECD as the most advance ECD in Padalarang.
PENERAPAN PROGRAM PENDIDIKAN GIZI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENGETAHUAN GIZI GURU DAN APLIKASI PENDIDIKAN GIZI UNTUK ANAK USIA DINI (Studi Kuasi Eksperimen pada Guru-Guru PAUD di Kota Cimahi dan Bandung Barat)
Authors: Komala Komala , Khodijah Siti 
Published: April 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan gizi guru, sehingga guru dapat mengaplikasikan pendidikan gizi untuk anak usia dini dengan menerapkan program pendidikan gizi berupa diklat dan pelatihan gizi bagi guru-guru Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. Metode penelitian ini adalah metode Quasi Eksperimen, dengan berbentuk Non Equivalent Control Group Design. Gambaran secara umum pendidikan anak usia dini baru terbatas pada pembiasaan makan selingan pada bekal makanan anak, mewarnai gambar buah-buahan. Pendidikan gizi yang diberikan anak belum meluas pada area pembelajaran lainnya. Hasil pretest yang dilakukan terhadap pengetahuan gizi guru, untuk kelompok kontrol dan kelompok eksperimen yang hampir sama yaitu berturut-turut rata-rata sebesar 20,49dan rata-rata 20,41. Setelah dilakukan program pada kedua kelompok, yakni kelompok eksperimen menggunakan program pendidikan gizi, dankelompok kontrol menggunakan program konvensional, dilakukan postest dan untuk kelompok eksperimen diperoleh nilai rata-rata sebesar 29,13 dengan standar deviasi 1,22. Sedangkan untuk hasil postest kelompok kontrol diperoleh nilai rata-rata Pengetahuan Gizi Guru sebesar 25,10 dengan standar deviasi 2,29. Artinya, program pendidikan gizi dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan gizi guru. Ini berarti terdapat perbedaan peningkatan Aplikasi Pendidikan Gizi guru yang signifikan antara guru memperoleh kegiatan dengan program pendidikan gizi dengan guru yang memperoleh program konvensional. Rata-rata peningkatan Aplikasi Pendidikan Gizi guru pada eksperimen yaitu 30,97 lebih besar dibandingkan kelompok kontrol sebesar 20,28, selisih perbedaan tersebut sebesar 10,69. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan Aplikasi Pendidikan Gizi guru yang memperoleh program pendidikan gizi lebih baik dibandingkan dengan guru yang memperoleh program konvensional. Kata Kunci: Pengetahuan gizi, aplikasi gizi dan pendidikan anak usia
DIFFERENCES OF EFFECTIVENESS OF COOPERATIVE LEARNING LEARNING MODEL TYPE TEAMS GAMES TOURNAMENT (TGT) AND GROUP WORKING ON LEARNING RESULT AT ELEMNTARY SCHOOL
Authors: Mudiyanto Heru 
Published: April 2019

This research is based on the general problem, that is how the effectiveness of the implementation of cooperative learning model type TGT and group learning method to improve learning outcomes in social studies subjects in grade VI of elementary school in the aspect of knowledge, understanding and application, and to see if there are differences Significance between cooperative learning method of TGT type with ordinary group learning method. The research method used is quasi experiment with sample of student of class VI of SD Negeri Selaawi I and II. Research instrument in the form of learning result test. The hypothesis was tested using Mann-Whitney U test with a significance level of 0.05. The result of this research is TGT model can improve learning outcomes and more effective than the usual group work model. Keywords: learning model, cooperative learning type TGT, group work.
Cost-Effectiveness of the Interventions to Avoid Complications and Management in Diabetes Mellitus: A Narrative Review from South-East Asian Perspective
Authors: Jamshed Shazia Qasim , Bhagavathula Akshaya Srikanth , Al-Shami Abdul Kareem 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackground and Aims: Asians accounts 60% of the world’s diabetic population with a different burden on young and middle-aged. The objective is to critically evaluate the published literature relevant to cost-effectiveness analysis of interventions to avoid complications followed by the management of diabetes mellitus in South-east Asia. Methods: PubMed, ScienceDirect International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (IPA), Proquest and Google Scholar thoroughly searched within the period of November- December 2015. Only research and reviews published in the English language within the period of January 2000-November 2015 considered. The extracted details and particulars from the included studies account for interventions, outcomes, and modeling methods. Results: A total of seven studies from Japan, Singapore, Cambodia and two each from India and Thailand were included. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) per quality-adjusted-life-year (QALY) accounted as an outcome in more than half of the reviewed studies. Most of the economic evaluations of DM management and preventive interventions in each country focused on different interventions and alternatives for comparison. However, type 1 DM patients showed better outcome when using specific insulin regimens utilized in the southeastern Asian countries followed by the implementation of Thai DM-self management support program (DM-SMS) via healthcare professionals. Conclusion: Alternatives to pharmacologic approaches such as insulin regimen and oral anti-diabetic agents showed a significant difference
Why Early Psychological Attention for Type 2 Diabetics Could Contribute to Metabolic Control
Authors: Briones-Aranda Alfredo , Castellanos-Pérez Manuela , Gómez-Pliego Raquel 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Background and aims: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is currently a public health emergency that requires inter- and multidisciplinary medical services. The principal aim of the present work was to review the basic factors related to the possible advantages of providing early psychological attention to T2DM patients as a coadjuvant for achieving adequate metabolic control.
Material and methods: A literature review was conducted to explore the interaction between stress and depression and the relation of both to the ability of T2DM patients to effectively manage their disease. Results: It was found that stress is one of the factors linked to the etiology of depression, which is a disorder with high prevalence in diabetic patients. Consequently, an inter- and multidisciplinary approach to treating diabetic patients was developed. One of the main focuses of this approach is early psychological attention, starting shortly after the initial diagnosis.
Conclusions: The ability to create consciousness among health care professionals about the importance of early psychological attention for T2DM patients under an inter- and multidisciplinary strategy could possibly improve pharmacological adherence, metabolic control, the quality of life and the life expectancy of patients, as well as save economic resources for patient families and health institutions.
Sebaran dan Karakteristik Situs Arkeologi di Kalimantan Tengah
Authors: Fajari Nia Marniati Etie 
Published: April 2019

Kalimantan Tengah landscape consists of the Schwaner-Muller Mountain, the coastal area, and plain on the river bank. This environment supplies the abundant resources as a cultural area inhabited by humans since the prehistoric times. The researches in Kalimantan Tengah havefound archaeological sites which spread in each landscape. This article discusses how the characteristic of archaeological sites in Kalimantan Tengah based on the geographical location. This research begins with data collecting from archaeology research report fromcentral Kalimantan region at Balai Arkeologi Kalimantan Selatan during 1993-2018. This research aims to find out the site characteristics on the different geographical location. The method classify the sites based ongeographic location. The next step is identifiying the sites based on geographicparameters and environment condition, characteristics of artifacts, cultural characteristics, and its chronology. This research result is indicating that the site distribution in Kalimantan Tengah region tend to be at watersheds, starting from the upstream to the coastal area, and the characteristic of the site is affected by its geographical locational. Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah memiliki bentang alam berupa pegunungan, wilayah pesisir, dan dataran di tepi sungai. Lingkungan tersebut menyediakan sumber daya alam yang melimpah sehingga menjadi kawasan budaya yang dihuni oleh manusia sejak masa prasejarah sampai dengan masa sekarang. Penelitian arkeologi di wilayah Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah menemukan situs arkeologi yang tersebar pada tiap satuan lahan. Artikel ini mengangkat permasalahan mengenai bagaimana karakteristik situs arkeologi yang berada di Kalimantan Tengah berdasarkan kondisi geografisnya. Tulisan ini diawali dengan pengumpulan data berdasarkan “Laporan Penelitian Arkeologi (LPA)” dari 1993--2017 yang dilakukan di wilayah administrasi Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik situs pada setiap lokasi geografis yang berbeda. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode dengan membuat klasifikasi situs berdasarkan lokasi geografis. Langkah selanjutnya adalah identifikasi situs berdasarkan parameter letak geografis dan kondisi lingkungan, karakteristik temuan, karakteristik budaya, dan kronologi waktu, baik absolut maupun relatif. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa sebaran situs arkeologi di wilayah Kalimantan Tengah cenderung berada di daerah aliran sungai, mulai dari hulu sampai ke pesisir. Keletakan geografi juga memberi pengaruh pada karakteristik situs yang ditemukan.
UNDERSTANDING GURUSINA SA’O IN FLORES, NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR, INDONESIA: HEAT CONDUCTIVITY OF BUILDING ENVELOPE MATERIAL AND THERMAL COMFORT
Authors: Lahji Khotijah , Lakawa Agustin Rebecca , Susetyarto Bambang , Walaretina Rita 
Published: April 2019

<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="section"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>Sa'o (traditional house) in Gurusina, Flores </span>is a house that was designed based on the local wisdom of Ngadha tribe that is directly or indirectly constructed by considering thermal factors i.e., temperature and humidity, wind speed, and heat gain. The purpose of this paper is to examine the rela- tionship between heat conductivity features of building envelope material towards the aspects of thermal comfort. Data gathered and analyzed through field measurements supported by structural physical figures. The research results show that first, when the study was conducted, the temperature in Gurusina exceeded the lower and upper limit of the average temperature that was considered comfort hot for Indonesians. This affects the high heat transmission through wall material so that the inside temperature is considered uncomfortable. Second, the use of half wall (exceeding 20% of the floor area) and the existence of open space around the building that has the potential to flow the wind with a speed of more than 2m/sc, can reduce the indoor heat temperature due to solar heat transmission from wall and roof materials.</p><div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>Key words: </span><span>thermal comfort; building envelope; traditional house </span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>
DEVERES FUNDAMENTAIS: CONTRIBUIÇÕES AO DESENVOLVIMENTO DAS “VIRTUDES CÍVICAS”, DO “CAPITAL SOCIAL” E DA “CONFIANÇA”
Authors: Piaia Thami Covatti , Preis Marco Antônio 
Published: April 2019

O artigo trata do processo de reaproximação entre Estado e sociedade civil, por meio dos “deveres fundamentais”, categoria jurídica autônoma cujo resgate contribui para o desenvolvimento das “virtudes cívicas” (Höffe), do “capital social” (Putnam) e da “confiança” (Fukuyama). Adotou-se para a pesquisa, o método de levantamento bibliográfico sobre os temas em um sentido indutivo, partindo das teorias sociais para observar as contribuições do elemento normativo nesses processos, tendo como eixo um tema de indignação, qual seja, o individualismo excessivo que traduz todos os desejos humanos em “direitos subjetivos”, perdendo de vista a noção de deveres perante os outros e perante a sociedade.