bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
White Light Emission in Europium‐Doped Inorganic Perovskite Single Matrix
Authors: He Junyu , Sun Tongqing , Li Min , Chu Anshi , Zhuang Xiujuan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe realization of stable single‐component white light emission in metal halide perovskites is still challenging due to the fast halide ion migration and narrow luminescence bands. In this work, all‐inorganic single CsPbClxBr3−x perovskite microplates with stable red‐blue‐green triple color light emission are prepared by introducing europium ions Eu3+ as dopants. Eu doping effectively suppresses ion migration and enables two spatially separated halide phases with stable dual‐wavelength emissions. Furthermore, the incorporation of Eu3+ compensates for the absence of red‐light emission, thereby yielding a superior white emission with exceptional quality. The color rendering index of triple‐color‐emitting perovskites can be tuned successfully by controlling the halogen ratios, and the optimal microplate achieved a Commissions Internationale de l’Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.32, 0.32). The results present a new enlightenment for the preparation of low‐cost single‐component white light materials.
Mo‐Doped Perovskite Cathode Enables High‐Performance Cycling‐Stable Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Shen Jianyu , Wang Yuxiao , Li Zhipeng , Tang Weihua 
Published: November 2024

AbstractManganese compounds have emerged as promising cathode materials for aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs). But their broader applications are impeded by such cathodes' poor structure stability and sluggish ion transportation. Herein, these limitations are addressed by proposing high‐valence Mo doping regnant LaMnO3 perovskite oxide cathodes to develop high‐performance rate stable AZIBs. The optimized doped cathode contributes a highest specific capacity of 445 mAh g−1 at the current density of 0.5 A g−1, which maintains 206 mAh g−1 at 2 A g−1 and accompanies with a remarkable capacity retention of 114% beyond 1000 cycles for continuous charge/discharge process. The doping of multivalent Mo is revealed to boost the energy storage capacity and stabilize the electrode structure via various ex situ characterization and theoretical calculations. Importantly, the incorporation of Mo facilitates the acceleration of reaction kinetics and sufficient charge transfer with H+ and Zn2+ as dual charge carriers, where H+ plays a dominant role. This work provides a new perspective on developing innovative perovskite oxide cathodes with high‐valence metal doping for AZIBs.
Intervening to Preserve Function in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy with a Porous Hydrogel and Extracellular Matrix Composite in a Rat Myocardial Infarction Model
Authors: Hayashi Yasunari , Fujii Taro , Kim Seungil , Ozeki Takahiro , Badylak Stephen F. , D'Amore Antonio , Mutsuga Masato , Wagner William R. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMultiple hydrogels are developed for injection therapy after myocardial infarction, with some incorporating substances promoting tissue regeneration and others emphasizing mechanical effects. In this study, porosity and extracellular matrix‐derived digest (ECM) are incorporated, into a mechanically optimized, thermoresponsive, degradable hydrogel (poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide‐co‐N‐vinylpyrrolidone‐co‐MAPLA)) and evaluate whether this biomaterial injectate can abrogate adverse remodeling in rat ischemic cardiomyopathy. After myocardial infarction, rats are divided into four groups: NP (non‐porous hydrogel) without either ECM or porosity, PM (porous hydrogel) from the same synthetic copolymer with mannitol beads as porogens, and PME with porosity and ECM digest added to the synthetic copolymer. PBS injection alone is a control group. Intramyocardial injections occurred 3 days after myocardial infarction followed by serial echocardiography and histological assessments 8 weeks after infarction. Echocardiographic function and neovascularization improved in the PME group compared to the other hydrogels and PBS injection. The PME group also demonstrated improved LV geometry and macrophage polarization (toward M2) compared to PBS, whereas differences are not observed in the NP or PM groups versus control. These results demonstrate further functional improvement may be achieved in hydrogel injection therapy for ischemic cardiomyopathy by incorporating porosity and ECM digest, representing combined mechanical and biological effects.
Interfacial Engineering of MoxSy via Boron‐Doping for Electrochemical N2‐to‐NH3 Conversion
Authors: Alsabban Merfat M. , Peramaiah Karthik , Genovese Alessandro , Ahmad Rafia , Azofra Luis Miguel , Ramalingam Vinoth , Hedhili Mohamed. N. , Wehbe Nimer , Cavallo Luigi , Huang Kuo‐Wei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe electrocatalytic synthesis of ammonia (NH3) through the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) under ambient temperature and pressure is emerging as an alternative approach to the conventional Haber–Bosch process. However, it remains a significant challenge due to poor kinetics, low nitrogen (N2) solubility in aqueous electrolytes, and the competing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), which can significantly impact NH3 production rates and Faradaic efficiency (FE). Herein, a rationally designed boron‐doped molybdenum sulfide (B‐Mo‐MoxSy) electrocatalyst is reported that effectively enhances N2 reduction to NH3 with an onset potential of −0.15 V versus RHE, achieving a FE of 78% and an NH3 yield of 5.83 µg h⁻¹ cm⁻2 in a 0.05 m H2SO4(aq). Theoretical studies suggest that the effectiveness of NRR originates from electron density redistribution due to boron (B) doping, which provides an ideal pathway for nitrogenous species to bind with electron‐deficient B sites. This work demonstrates a significant exploration, showing that Mo‐based electrocatalysts are capable of facilitating artificial N2 fixation.
Hydronium‐Crosslinked Inorganic Hydrogel Comprised of 1D Lepidocrocite Titanate Nanofilaments
Authors: Mieles Matthew , Walter Adam D. , Wu Simeng , Zheng Yue , Schwenk Gregory R. , Barsoum Michel W. , Ji Hai‐Feng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWhen a few drops of acid (hydrochloric, acrylic, propionic, acetic, or formic) are added to a colloid comprised of 1D lepidocrocite titanate nanofilaments (1DLs)–2 × 2 TiO6 octahedra in cross‐section–a hydrogel forms, in many cases, within seconds. The 1DL synthesis process requires the reaction between titanium diboride with tetramethylammonium (TMA+), hydroxide. Using quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), the mass percent of TMA+ after synthesis is determined to be ≈ 13.1 ± 0.1%. The TMA+ is completely removed from the gels after 2 water soak cycles, resulting in the first completely inorganic, TiO2‐based hydrogels. Ion exchanging the TMA+ with hydronium results in gels with relatively strong hydrogen bonds. The hydrogels' compression strengths increased linearly with 1DL colloid concentration. At a 1DL concentration of 45 g L−1, the compressive strength, at 80% deformation when acrylic acid is used, is ≈325 kPa. The strengths are ≈ 50% greater after the TMA+ is removed. The removal of all residual organic components in the hydrogels, including TMA+, is confirmed by qNMR, Fourier‐transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and TGA/DSC. The 1DL phase is retained after gelation, TMA+ removal, and 80% compression.
Bacterial Cellulose Applications in Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices
Authors: Zheng Zi‐Jian , Ye Huan , Guo Zai‐Ping 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBacterial cellulose (BC) is produced via the fermentation of various microorganisms. It has an interconnected 3D porous network structure, strong water‐locking ability, high mechanical strength, chemical stability, anti‐shrinkage properties, renewability, biodegradability, and a low cost. BC‐based materials and their derivatives have been utilized to fabricate advanced functional materials for electrochemical energy storage devices and flexible electronics. This review summarizes recent progress in the development of BC‐related functional materials for electrochemical energy storage devices. The origin, components, and microstructure of BC are discussed, followed by the advantages of using BC in energy storage applications. Then, BC‐related material design strategies in terms of solid electrolytes, binders, and separators, as well as BC‐derived carbon nanofibers for electroactive materials are discussed. Finally, a short conclusion and outlook regarding current challenges and future research opportunities related to BC‐based advanced functional materials for next‐generation energy storage devices suggestions are proposed.
Photoreceptor‐Like Signal Transduction Between Polymer‐Based Protocells
Authors: Heuberger Lukas , Korpidou Maria , Guinart Ainoa , Doellerer Daniel , López Diego Monserrat , Schoenenberger Cora‐Ann , Milinkovic Daela , Lörtscher Emanuel , Feringa Ben L. , Palivan Cornelia G. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDeciphering inter‐ and intracellular signaling pathways is pivotal for understanding the intricate communication networks that orchestrate life's dynamics. Communication models involving bottom‐up construction of protocells are emerging but often lack specialized compartments sufficiently robust and hierarchically organized to perform spatiotemporally defined signaling. Here, the modular construction of communicating polymer‐based protocells designed to mimic the transduction of information in retinal photoreceptors is presented. Microfluidics is used to generate polymeric protocells subcompartmentalized by specialized artificial organelles. In one protocell population, light triggers artificial organelles with membrane‐embedded photoresponsive rotary molecular motors to set off a sequence of reactions starting with the release of encapsulated signaling molecules into the lumen. Intercellular communication is mediated by signal transfer across membranes to protocells containing catalytic artificial organelles as subcompartments, whose signal conversion can be modulated by environmental calcium. Signal propagation also requires selective permeability of the diverse compartments. By segregating artificial organelles in distinct protocells, a sequential chain of reactions mediating intercellular communication is created that is further modulated by adding extracellular messengers. This connective behavior offers the potential for a deeper understanding of signaling pathways and faster integration of proto‐ and living cells, with the unique advantage of controlling each step by bio‐relevant signals.
Smoothening Perfluoroalkylated Surfaces: Liquid‐Like Despite Molecular Rigidity?
Authors: Koochak Parham , Kiseleva Mariia S. , Lepikko Sakari , Latikka Mika , Ras Robin H. A. , Wong William S. Y. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe rational design of surfaces at the molecular level is essential toward realizing many engineering applications. However, molecular‐scale defects affect processes such as triboelectrification, scaling, and condensation. These defects are often detectable via contact angle hysteresis (CAH) measurements. Liquid‐like surfaces exhibit extremely low CAH (≤5°) and rely on the use of highly flexible molecular species such as long‐chain alkyls or siloxanes. Their low glass transition temperatures lead to the so‐termed self‐smoothing behavior, reducing sensitivity to defects formed during fabrication. However, utilizing rigid molecular species such as perfluoroalkyl chains often results in higher hysteresis (10° to 60°) as defects are not self‐smoothed after fabrication. Consequently, state‐of‐the‐art perfluoroalkylated surfaces often show sub‐optimal interfacial properties. Here, a customizable chemical vapor deposition process creates molecularly‐thick, low‐defect surfaces from trichloro(1H,1H,2H,2H‐perfluorooctyl)silane. By implementing moisture‐exposure controls, highly homogenous surfaces with root‐mean‐square roughness below 1 nm are fabricated. CAH is achieved down to ≈4° (average: 6°), surpassing the state‐of‐the‐art by ≈5°. Reduction of CAH (26° to 6°) results in condensation suppression, decreasing surface droplet density by one order and surface droplet coverage by 40%. This work guides the synthesis of high‐quality surfaces from tri‐functional perfluoroalkylsilanes with liquid‐like properties despite their molecular rigidity.
Ultra‐Low Threshold Resonance Switching by Terahertz Field Enhancement‐Induced Nanobridge
Authors: Lee Sang‐Hun , Kim Moohyuk , Roh Yeeun , Kim Myung‐Ki , Seo Minah 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOngoing efforts spanning decades aim to enhance the efficiency of optical devices, highlighting the need for a pioneering approach in the development of next‐generation components over a broad range of electromagnetic wave spectra. The nonlinear transport of photoexcited carriers in semiconductors at low photon energies is crucial to advancements in semiconductor technology, communication, sensing, and various other fields. In this study, ultra‐low threshold resonance mode switching by strong nonlinear carrier transport beyond the semi‐classical Boltzmann transport regime using terahertz (THz) electromagnetic waves are demonstrated, whose energy is thousands of times smaller than the bandgap. This is achieved by employing elaborately fabricated 3D tip structures at the nanoscale, and nonlinear effects are directly observed with the THz resonance mode switching. The nanotip structure intensively localizes the THz field and amplifies it by more than ten thousand times, leading to the first observation of carrier multiplication phenomena in these low‐intensity THz fields. This experimental findings, confirmed by concrete calculations, shed light on the newly discovered nonlinear behavior of THz fields and their strong interactions with nanoscale structures, with potential implications and insights for advanced THz technologies beyond the quantum regime.
Adenosine‐Dependent Arousal Induced by Astrocytes in a Brainstem Circuit
Authors: Zhu Yuwei , Ma Jiale , Li Yulan , Gu Mengyang , Feng Xiang , Shao Yujin , Tan Lei , Lou Hui‐fang , Sun Li , Liu Yijun , Zeng Ling‐hui , Qiu Zilong , Li Xiao‐ming , Duan Shumin , Yu Yan‐qin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAstrocytes play a crucial role in regulating sleep‐wake behavior. However, how astrocytes govern a specific sleep‐arousal circuit remains unknown. Here, the authors show that parafacial zone (PZ) astrocytes responded to sleep‐wake cycles with state‐differential Ca2+ activity, peaking during transitions from sleep to wakefulness. Using chemogenetic and optogenetic approaches, they find that activating PZ astrocytes elicited and sustained wakefulness by prolonging arousal episodes while impeding transitions from wakefulness to non‐rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. Activation of PZ astrocytes specially induced the elevation of extracellular adenosine through the ATP hydrolysis pathway but not equilibrative nucleoside transporter (ENT) mediated transportation. Strikingly, the rise in adenosine levels induced arousal by activating A1 receptors, suggesting a distinct role for adenosine in the PZ beyond its conventional sleep homeostasis modulation observed in the basal forebrain (BF) and cortex. Moreover, at the circuit level, PZ astrocyte activation induced arousal by suppressing the GABA release from the PZGABA neurons, which promote NREM sleep and project to the parabrachial nucleus (PB). Thus, their study unveils a distinctive arousal‐promoting effect of astrocytes within the PZ through extracellular adenosine and elucidates the underlying mechanism at the neural circuit level.
Risk stratification of residual abscess after surgical treatment for gastroduodenal perforation
Authors: Ishikawa Kana , Yao Siyuan , Kumode Takashi , Tanino Keisuke , Matsui Yugo , Honma Shusaku , Hosokawa Shinichi , Murakami Teppei , Kan Takatsugu , Nakajima Sanae 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimsResidual abscess is a major complication after emergency surgery for gastroduodenal (GD) perforation. However, there is little evidence regarding potential risk factors contributing to its development. Establishing a risk stratification strategy would be valuable for the entire management process.MethodsThis single‐center, retrospective study analyzed 115 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for GD perforation between 2010 and 2023 at a secondary emergency care hospital. Patients were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of residual abscesses. Potential risk factors for abscess formation were evaluated from various aspects.ResultsThe incidence of residual abscesses was 19.1% (22 of 115). Multivariable analysis revealed that current use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (odds ratio [OR] 3.76, p = 0.037), cancer chemotherapy (OR 13.56, p = 0.005), and preoperative renal dysfunction (OR 4.72, p = 0.018) were independent predictors. A potential scoring model could be created using these three parameters, and the number of risk factors correlated with the likelihood of developing a residual abscess (0 vs. 1 vs. ≥2; 6.2% vs. 29.4% vs. 50.0%, p < 0.001). From a bacteriological point of view, the presence of Enterococcus in the ascites culture was closely related to its occurrence with 100% probability. Moreover, regarding early detection of this complication, C‐reactive protein on postoperative d 5 had the highest predictive ability with an area under the curve of 0.818.ConclusionThe risk of residual abscess formation after surgical treatment of GD perforation can be assessed utilizing both preoperative and postoperative information.
α‐Solanine and α‐Tomatine Affect the Retrocerebral Complexes of Tenebrio molitor and Zophobas atratus Beetles
Authors: Adamski Zbigniew , Nikolaou Polyxeni , Marciniak Pawel 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTPresently, the European Commission is moving forward with a plan to reduce the use of chemical pesticides and increase the percentage of organic farming by 2030; this plan demands increased availability of biopesticides for organic farming. Glycoalkaloids are a class of molecules found in certain plants, including tomatoes and potatoes, which contain sugar and an alkaloid group. These compounds are known to have insecticidal properties, as they can act as natural defenses against insect pests. This study examined how a biological substance, glycoalkaloids, affects mortality and the retrocerebral complex of two beetle species, Tenebrio molitor and Zophobas atratus. More specifically, we focused on two glycoalkaloids, α‐solanine and α‐tomatine. Although these two insects belong to the same taxonomic family, they were not equally susceptible to these substances. In the mortality test, we observed that the T. molitor beetle seemed more susceptible, whereas the changes in the retrocerebral complex were more significant in the case of Z. atratus. In general, the effects vary between substances and insects, and changes in the retrocerebral complex may impair the reproduction of insects.
Consensus analysis for heterogeneous multiagent systems subject to input saturation
Authors: Ma Yuwan , Yang Qingsheng , Zhan Xisheng , Wu Jie 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates the consensus problem of heterogeneous multiagent systems (HMASs) consisting of first‐order and second‐order agents, where second‐order linear and second‐order nonlinear agents are included in the second‐order agents. Firstly, the consensus problem of HMASs without input saturation is studied in the first part. However, in practical applications, due to the physical limitations of actuators, saturation often occurs. Therefore, we focus on the consensus problem of HMASs with input saturation in the second part. Then based on the knowledge of Lyapunov stability theory and graph theory, it gives sufficient conditions for these HMASs to reach consensus, which ensures that each agent eventually reaches consensus. Eventually, the effectiveness of the theory is verified by performing simulations.
What role does the environment play in language development? Exploring the associations among socioeconomic status, parent language input, and language skills in school‐aged children with autism
Authors: Pecukonis Meredith , Butler Lindsay K. , Tager‐Flusberg Helen 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLanguage development in children with autism is influenced by proximal (e.g., parent language input) and distal (e.g., socioeconomic status) environmental constructs. Studies have found that “rich and responsive” parent language input supports autistic children's language development, and recent work has reported positive associations between measures of socioeconomic status (SES) and child language skills. However, little is known about how these proximal and distal environmental constructs interact to shape language development in autism. In a sample of 74 autistic school‐aged children, the present study investigated the associations among measures of SES, the quantity and quality of language produced by parents and children during home‐based dyadic parent–child interactions, and children's expressive and receptive language skills. Results showed that annual household income was positively associated with parent number of total words (NTW), parent number of different words (NDW), and parent mean length of utterance (MLU), while neither parent education level nor annual household income were significantly associated with measures of child language skills. Parent MLU was positively associated with child MLU and child expressive language skills. Findings suggest that annual household income may influence both the quantity and quality of parent language input, and that parent MLU, a qualitative measure of parent language input, may play a particularly important role in shaping autistic children's expressive language development. Future research should study longitudinal associations among SES, parent language input, and child language skills, as identifying environmental predictors of language skills in autism may facilitate the creation of more effective interventions that support language development.
Pharmacological Inhibition of the Spliceosome SF3b Complex by Pladienolide‐B Elicits Craniofacial Developmental Defects in Mouse and Zebrafish
Authors: Hoshino Yukiko , Liu Shujie , Furutera Toshiko , Yamada Takahiko , Koyabu Daisuke , Nukada Yuko , Miyazawa Masaaki , Yoda Tetsuya , Ichimura Koichiro , Iseki Sachiko , Tasaki Junichi , Takechi Masaki 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundMutations in genes encoding spliceosome components result in craniofacial structural defects in humans, referred to as spliceosomopathies. The SF3b complex is a crucial unit of the spliceosome, but model organisms generated through genetic modification of the complex do not perfectly mimic the phenotype of spliceosomopathies. Since the phenotypes are suggested to be determined by the extent of spliceosome dysfunction, an alternative experimental system that can seamlessly control SF3b function is needed.MethodsTo establish another experimental system for model organisms elucidating relationship between spliceosome function and human diseases, we administered Pladienolide‐B (PB), a SF3b complex inhibitor, to mouse and zebrafish embryos and assessed resulting phenotypes.ResultsPB‐treated mouse embryos exhibited neural tube defect and exencephaly, accompanied by apoptosis and reduced cell proliferation in the neural tube, but normal structure in the midface and jaw. PB administration to heterozygous knockout mice of Sf3b4, a gene coding for a SF3b component, influenced the formation of cranial neural crest cells (CNCCs). Despite challenges in continuous PB administration and a high death rate in mice, PB was stably administered to zebrafish embryos, resulting in prolonged survival. Brain, cranial nerve, retina, midface, and jaw development were affected, mimicking spliceosomopathy phenotypes. Additionally, alterations in cell proliferation, cell death, and migration of CNCCs were detected.ConclusionsWe demonstrated that zebrafish treated with PB exhibited phenotypes similar to those observed in human spliceosomopathies. This experimental system may serve as a valuable research tool for understanding spliceosome function and human diseases.