bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biochemical Recurrence of Prostate Cancer Presenting as Solitary Testicular Metastasis on 68Ga-Labeled Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Ligand Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography
Authors: Ege Aktas Gul , Yürüt Çaloğlu Vuslat , Akdere Hakan , Tutuğ Busem Binboğa , Altun Gülay Durmuş 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Prostate adenocarcinoma (PCa) is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy in the male population, with the most common sites for secondary lesions being the lymph nodes, bones, and lungs. Testicular metastases from PCa are very rare and mostly identified incidentally after therapeutic orchiectomy for advanced PCa or during autopsy. Here we present a case involving a 64-year-old man with biochemical recurrence of castrated oligometastatic PCa that presented as solitary testicular metastasis on 68Ga-PSMA ligand positron emission tomography/computed tomography.
Recurrence of Biphenotypic Sinonasal Sarcoma With Cerebral Hemorrhaging
Authors: Fudaba Hirotaka , Momii Yasutomo , Hirano Takashi , Yamamoto Hidetaka , Fujiki Minoru 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Biphenotypic sinonasal sarcoma (BSNS) is a newly classified tumor that is characterized by neural and myogenic differentiation. The authors herein report a rare patient of the recurrence of BSNS with intracranial hemorrhaging and a review of the literature. A 70-year-old man presented with disturbance of consciousness and vomiting blood. He had undergone resection of a sinonasal tumor 11 years earlier and shown no recurrence at his last follow-up 4 years ago. Computed tomography showed cerebral hemorrhaging around a low-density mass that occupied the left frontal base and left ethmoid sinus. Total resection was performed. A histological examination of tumor specimens obtained from the first and the second resections revealed almost the same characteristic morphological features and the patient was diagnosed with BSNS. The lesion was negative for any fusion genes, as previously reported. The long-term progression of BSNS is not clear. This case appears to be the first reported recurrence of BSNS with cerebral hemorrhaging. Biphenotypic sinonasal sarcoma should be considered to need long-term follow-up.
Three-Dimensional Analysis of Perioperative Condylar Displacement After Mandibular Setback Surgery With Intended Manual Condylar Positioning
Authors: Park Jong-Cheol , Kim Uk-Kyu , Hwang Dae-Seok 
Published: July 2018

Purpose:
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of orthognathic surgery with intended manual condylar positioning on condyle by examining a change in its position.

Method:
About 18 patients with mandibular prognathism who underwent orthognathic surgery with intentional manual condyle positioning were included. Condyle displacement was analyzed through 3D cone-beam computed tomography before and after operation. The patients were categorized into 2 experimental groups: group A (1-jaw) and group B (2-jaw). The experimental groups were examined before surgery (T0), 3 days (T1), and 6 months (T2) after surgery. Condylar displacement direction was investigated in terms of bodily shift and rotational movement.

Results:
Downward bodily shift of condyle after surgery was significantly apparent from all of the patients. Condylar bodily shift in other directions was statistically insignificant. Gross bodily shift of condyle right after surgery was anterolateral-inferior direction. In perspective of rotational movement, condyle rotated in infero-medial direction right after operation, but no significant change was presented afterwards. In addition, no significant difference in the amounts of condylar shift and pattern existed between groups A and B.

Conclusion:
Intended manual condylar positioning may minimize postoperative displacement of condyle while accomplishing skeletal stability.
Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate, With Facial Dysplasia: Interdisciplinary Treatment and Long-Term Follow-Up
Authors: Bennun Ricardo D. , Harfin Julia H. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Bilateral complete clefts represent the result of an incomplete fusion with all the morphologic components present. It is well known that patients with bilateral cleft lip and palate have typical characteristics such as insufficient medial face development with an orthodontic class III tendency, flat nose and short columella with abnormal nasolabial angle, bilateral oronasal fistulas, alterations in the number and position of the lateral incisors, and agenesis or supernumerary teeth. Successfully solving these cases, results in a difficult challenge and studies showing extended follow-up are not frequent. Bilateral complete clefts, including medial facial dysplasia, are a rare condition, not only difficult to be included in any classification but also of complex solution. These patients require multiple surgical procedures throughout life, and long-term results are often still far from ideal. Due to surgical intervention and diminished intrinsic growth potential, surgical results may change from initially good into a progressively disappointing outcome. However, if the ideal timing and type of surgery are known, in combination with the intrinsic growth potential, these results could be ameliorated. A patient with complete bilateral cleft, presenting hypoplasia of philtrum and premaxilla, flat nose with rudimentary columella and septum, is reported. A description of her interdisciplinary treatment and long-term outcome with an adequate and stable result was observed. Being the intrinsic growth restriction mainly localized in the central mid-face, a protocol oriented to stimulate facial development during growth period could be essential to reduce the number of surgical procedures and prevent sequels. Early referral to a specialized center is mandatory to achieve a correct treatment and result.
Anatomical Reconstruction in Bilateral Cleft Lip With Mendoza Technique
Authors: Pérez González Araceli , Arámburo-García Rigoberto 
Published: July 2018

The bilateral cleft lip (BCL) is the most severe manifestation of orofacial clefts. Multiple techniques have been described to reconstruct BCL to obtain good aesthetic and functional results with minimal complications.

Objective:
Description of surgical technique for BCL reconstruction and present the postoperative results obtained.

Methods:
Patients with BCL of the cleft lip and palate at ABC Medical Center from June 2013 to June 2017 operated with Mendoza bilateral cheiloplasty were included. The procedure includes an anatomical reconstruction of the lip with minimal resection of tissue, alignment of the orbicularis muscle, vestibule creation, and complete use of the prolabium. The evaluation was carried out by photographs analyzing parameters of quality, symmetry, and alignment of lip and nose structures.

Results:
The authors included 36 patients, 15 women and 16 men. The average procedure time was 57 minutes. Photographs were evaluated 1 year postoperatively, symmetry in lip was observed in 91.6% of the patients, muscle continuity in 100%, deep gingivolabial sulcus in 94.5% of cases, closed nasal floor in 100% with no presence of nasovestibular fistulas.

Conclusions:
This technique allows an anatomical BCL reconstruction with good aesthetic and functional results.
Hypertelorism Secondary to Mucocele in the Paranasal Sinuses
Authors: Solano Nicolas , Castro Bairon , Sarmiento Luis , Lopez Jondalys , Añez Luis 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Ocular hypertelorism was introduced by Greig as an increased interpupillary distance. The paranasal sinus mucoceles are acquired lesions for various reasons; however, their behavior is progressive, capable of eroding the bone and extending to the orbital and intracranial regions. The objective is to present a clinical case of orbital hypertelorism secondary to mucocele in the paranasal sinuses. This is a 72-year-old male patient who came presenting an increase in volume in the right nasoorbitoethmoidal region. The isodense lesion occupying the maxillary and right ethmoidal sinuses was confirmed by an intimate relationship with the ipsilateral frontal and sphenoidal sinus, with osteolytic involvement of the orbit and nasal region. After incisional biopsy with mucocele results, a wide resection plus facial reconstruction was performed with autologous grafts and osteosynthesis material. Currently, the patient has 1 year of evolution, without significant functional commitment. It is important to consider giant mucoceles as part of the differential diagnoses in patients with deformities in the middle and upper third of the face.
Prospective Validation of Prediction Model for Kidney Discard
Authors: Zhou Sheng , Massie Allan B. , Holscher Courtenay M. , Waldram Madeleine M. , Ishaque Tanveen , Thomas Alvin G. , Segev Dorry L. 
Published: July 2018

Background.
Many kidneys are discarded every year, with 3631 kidneys discarded in 2016 alone. Identifying kidneys at high risk of discard could facilitate “rescue” allocation to centers more likely to transplant them. The Probability of Delay or Discard (PODD) model was developed to identify marginal kidneys at risk of discard or delayed allocation beyond 36 hours of cold ischemia time. However, PODD has not been prospectively validated, and patterns of discard may have changed after policy changes such as the introduction of Kidney Donor Profile Index and implementation of the Kidney Allocation System (KAS).

Methods.
We prospectively validated the PODD model using Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients data in the KAS era (January 1, 2015, to March 1, 2018). C statistic was calculated to assess accuracy in predicting kidney discard. We assessed clustering in centers’ utilization of kidneys with PODD >0.6 (“high-PODD”) using Gini coefficients. Using match run data from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2016, we examined distribution of these high-PODD kidneys offered to centers that never accepted a high-PODD kidney.

Results.
The PODD model predicted discard accurately under KAS (C-statistic, 0.87). Compared with utilization of low-PODD kidneys (Gini coefficient = 0.41), utilization of high-PODD kidneys was clustered more tightly among a few centers (Gini coefficient, 0.84 with >60% of centers never transplanted a high-PODD kidneys). In total, 11684 offers (35.0% of all high-PODD offers) were made to centers that never accepted a high-PODD kidney.

Conclusions.
Prioritizing allocation of high-PODD kidneys to centers that are more likely to transplant them might help reduce kidney discard.
Chimpanzees and death
Authors: Anderson James R. 
Published: July 2018

Information about responses to death in nonhuman primates is important for evolutionary thanatology. This paper reviews the major causes of death in chimpanzees, and how these apes respond to cues related to dying and death. Topics covered include disease, human activities, predation, accidents and intra-species aggression and cannibalism. Chimpanzees also kill and sometimes eat other species. It is argued that, given their cognitive abilities, their experiences of death in conspecifics and other species are likely to equip chimpanzees with an understanding of death as cessation of function and irreversible. Whether they might understand that death is inevitable—including their own death, and biological causes of death is also discussed. As well as gathering more fundamental information about responses to dying and death, researchers should pay attention to possible cultural variations in how great apes deal with death.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Evolutionary thanatology: impacts of the dead on the living in humans and other animals’.
Managing the risks and rewards of death in eusocial insects
Authors: Sun Qian , Haynes Kenneth F. , Zhou Xuguo 
Published: July 2018

Eusocial insects frequently face death of colony members as a consequence of living in large groups where the success of the colony is not dependent on the fate of the individual. Whereas death of conspecifics commonly triggers aversion in many group-living species due to risk of pathogens, eusocial insects perform cooperative corpse management. The causes and social context of the death, as well as feeding and nesting ecology of the species, influence the way that corpses are treated. The corpse itself releases cues that dictate the colony's response. As a result, social insects exhibit behavioural responses that promote disease resistance, colony defence and nutrient recycling. Corpse management represents a unique adaption that enhances colony success, and is another factor that has enabled eusocial insects to be so successful. In this review, we summarize the causes of death, the sensory detection of death and corpse management strategies of social insects. In addition, we provide insights into the evolution of behavioural response to the dead and the ecological relevance of corpse management.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Evolutionary thanatology: impacts of the dead on the living in humans and other animals’.
Sources of children's knowledge about death and dying
Authors: Longbottom Sarah , Slaughter Virginia 
Published: July 2018

In the last century, decreases in infant and child mortality, urbanization and increases in healthcare efficacy have reduced children's personal exposure to death and dying. So how do children acquire accurate conceptions of death in this context? In this paper, we discuss three sources of children's learning about death and dying, namely, direct experience of death, parental communication about death and portrayals of death in the media and the arts. We conclude with recommendations about how best to teach modern children about this aspect of life.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Evolutionary thanatology: impacts of the dead on the living in humans and other animals’.
The regulatory control ofCebpaenhancers and silencers in the myeloid and red-blood cell lineages
Authors: Repele Andrea , Krueger Shawn , Tuineau Michelle Y. , Manu  
Published: July 2018

AbstractDuring development, cell identity is determined by lineage-specific transcriptional programs en-coded in thecis-regulatory DNA sequence of developmental genes. The sequence-level regulatory logic—identities of bound transcription factors (TFs), TF binding sites, and TF regulatory roles—of most developmentalcis-regulatory modules (CRMs) is yet to be determined. We had previously developed an approach for inferring regulatory logicde novoby training sequence-based thermo-dynamic models on comprehensive reporter activity and gene expression datasets and applied it toCebpa, an important hematopoietic gene. Here, we experimentally test thermodynamic models to decode thecis-regulatory logic of 4 enhancers and 3 silencers neighboringCebpaat the resolution of individual binding sites.Cebpais expressed at high and intermediate levels in neutrophils and macrophages respectively and downregulated in non-myeloid lineages. We tested the binding sites and functional roles of inferred TFs by designing and constructing mutated CRMs and comparing theoretical predictions of their activity against empirical measurements. Reporter activity was measured in PUER cells, which can be induced to differentiate into macrophages or neutrophils. All four enhancers were found to be simultaneously active in undifferentiated PUER cells and early-stage macrophages and neutrophils, and activated by combinations of PU.1, C/EBP family TFs, Egr1, and Gfi1. We show that silencers repress the activity of the proximal promoter in a dominant manner in G1ME cells, which are derived from the red-blood cell lineage. Dominant repression in G1ME cells can be traced to binding sites for GATA and Myb, a motif shared by all of the silencers. Finally, we demonstrate that GATA and Myb act redundantly to silence the proximal promoter. The result that silencers quench the promoter selectively in non-myeloid cells indicates that dominant repression is a novel mechanism for resolving hematopoietic lineages. Furthermore,Cebpahas a fail-safecis-regulatory architecture, featuring several functionally similar CRMs, each of which contains redundant binding sites for multiple TFs. Lastly, by experimentally demonstrating the predictive ability of our sequence-based thermodynamic models, this work highlights the utility of this computational approach for decoding the logic of mammalian gene regulation.
Local Attachment Explains Small-World-Like Properties of Fibroblastic Reticular Cell Networks in Lymph Nodes
Authors: Soekarjo Kasper M.W. , Textor Johannes , de Boer Rob J. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractFibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) form a cellular network that serves as the structural backbone of lymph nodes and facilitates lymphocyte migration. This FRC network has been found to have small-world properties. Using a model based on geographical preferential attachment, we simulated the formation of a variety of cellular networks and show that similar small-world properties robustly emerge under such natural conditions. By estimating the parameters of this model, we generated FRC network representations with realistic topological properties. We found that these properties change markedly when the network is expanded from a thin slice to a 3D cube. Typical small-world properties were found to persist as network size was increased. The simulated networks were very similar to 2D and 3D lattice networks. According to the used metrics, these lattice networks also have small-world properties, indicating that lattice-likeness is sufficient to become classified as a small-world network. Our results explain why FRC networks have small-world properties and provide a framework for simulating realistic FRC networks.
Long-term impact of intensive postgraduate laboratory training at the Cold Spring Harbor Neurobiology of Drosophila summer course
Authors: Ly Sarah , Kaun Karla , Lee Chi-Hon , Stewart David , Pulver Stefan R. , Keene Alex C. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIntensive postgraduate courses provide an opportunity for junior and senior level scientists to learn concepts and techniques that will advance their training and research programs. It is commonly assumed that short intensive courses have positive impacts within fields of research; however, these assumptions are rarely tested. Here we describe the framework of a long running postgraduate summer course at Cold Spring Harbor and attempt to quantify the impact made over its history. For over three decades, the Drosophila Neurobiology: Genes, Circuits & Behavior Summer Course at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratories (CSHL) has provided participants with intense instruction on a wide variety of topics and techniques in integrative neuroscience using Drosophila as a model organism. Students are introduced to the latest approaches for studying nervous system development, activity and connectivity, as well as complex behaviors and diseases. The course has a long history of successful alumni, many of whom describe participation in the course as foundational to their training. Student surveys of recent participants indicate a high level of satisfaction, improved career outcomes, and direct impact on publications. Analysis of student success reveals that over 64% of participants obtain independent faculty positions. Further, we describe ongoing efforts to enhance diversity and encourage access to scientific research at undergraduate-focused institutions. Together, our findings suggest that laboratory-intensive postgraduate courses provide a highly effective mechanism for scientific training that has lasting positive impacts on trainees.
A broad-host-range event detector: expanding and quantifying performance across bacterial species
Authors: Khan Nymul , Yeung Enoch , Farris Yuliya , Fansler Sarah J. , Bernstein Hans C. 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTModern microbial biodesign relies on the principle that well-characterized genetic parts can be reused and reconfigured for different functions. However, this paradigm has only been successful in a limited set of hosts, mostly comprised from common lab strains ofEscherichia coli. It is clear that new applications – such as chemical sensing and event logging in complex environments – will benefit from new host chassis. This study quantitatively compared how a chemical event logger performed across multiple microbial species. An integrase-based sensor and memory device was operated by two representative soil Pseudomonads –Pseudomonas fluorescensSBW25 andPseudomonas putidaDSM 291. Quantitative comparisons were made between these two non-traditional hosts and two bench-markEscherichia colichassis including the probiotic Nissle 1917 and common cloning strain DH5α. The performance of sensor and memory components changed according to each host, such that a clear chassis effect was observed and quantified. These results were obtained via fluorescence from reporter proteins that were transcriptionally fused to the integrase and down-stream recombinant region and via data-driven kinetic models. ThePseudomonadsproved to be acceptable chassis for the operation of this event logger, which outperformed the commonE. coliDH5α in many ways. This study advances an emerging frontier in synthetic biology that aims to build broad-host-range devices and understand the context by which different species can execute programmable genetic operations.
The landscape of S100B+ and HLA-DR+ dendritic cell subsets in tonsils at the single cell level via high-parameter mapping
Authors: Bolognesi Maddalena Maria , Bosisio Francesca Maria , Manzoni Marco , Schapiro Denis , Tagliabue Riccardo , Faretta Mario , Parravicini Carlo , Haberman Ann M , Cattoretti Giorgio 
Published: July 2018

SUMMARYDendritic cells (DC) (classic, plasmacytoid, inflammatory) are an intense focus of interest because of their role in inflammation, autoimmunity, vaccination and cancer. We present a tissue-based classification of human DC subsets in tonsils with a high-parameter (>40 markers) immunofluorescent approach, cell type-specific image segmentation and the use of bioinformatics platforms. Through this deep phenotypic and spatial examination, classic cDC1, cDC2, pDC subsets have been further refined and a novel subset of DC co-expressing IRF4 and IRF8 identified. Based on unique tissue locations within the tonsil, and close interactions with T cells (cDC1) or B cells (cDC2), DC subsets can be further subdivided by correlative phenotypic changes associated with these interactions. In addition, monocytes and macrophages expressing HLA-DR or S100AB are identified and localized in the tissue. This study thus provides a whole tissue in situ catalog of human DC subsets and their cellular interactions within spatially defined niches.