bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly Reliable Forming-free Conductive-Bridge Random Access Memory via Nitrogen-doped GeSe Resistive Switching Layer
Authors: Kim Ji-Hoon , Park Jea-Gun 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Conductive-bridge random access memory (CBRAM) is gaining attention as a non-volatile memory device for next-generation storage-class applications. However, CBRAM cells exhibit stochastic natures during continuous bi-stable resistive switching, stemming from the randomness of high-mobility metal ions in the resistive switching layer. This randomness limits wafer-scale integration with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) circuits. In this study, we fabricated a reliable forming-free CBRAM cell consisting of a Pt capping layer, a Cu active source layer, a nitrogen-doped GeSe resistive switching layer, and a W bottom electrode. We compared the continuous resistive switching loops with and without nitrogen contents in the GeSe layer, demonstrating that the nitrogen-doped GeSe CBRAM cell improved electrical variation for the forming and set voltages to below 10%. Using this nitrogen-doped GeSe-based CBRAM cell, we achieved outstanding synaptic plasticity characteristics compared to un-doped GeSe-based CBRAM cells. Finally, we designed a small-scale deep neural network trained with a hardware-based backpropagation learning rule, achieving recognition accuracy of up to 95.57% on handwritten image datasets. Our study demonstrates that the nitrogen-doped GeSe-based CBRAM cell can achieve high reliability and stable synaptic plasticity, thereby contributing to the advancement of next-generation memory technologies.
AI-enhanced guidance demonstrated improvement in novices’ Apical-4- chamber and Apical-5-chamber views
Authors: Karni Ofri , Shitrit Itamar Ben , Perlin Amit , Jedwab Roni , Wacht Oren , Fuchs Lior 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Artificial Intelligence (AI) modules might simplify the complexities of cardiac ultrasound (US) training by offering real-time, step-by-step guidance on probe manipulation for high-quality diagnostic imaging. This study investigates real-time AI-based guidance tool in facilitating cardiac US training and its impact on novice users' proficiency.
Methods: This independent, prospective randomized controlled trial enrolled participants who completed a six-hour cardiac US course, followed by a designated cardiac US proficiency exam. Both groups received in-person guided training using the same devices, with the AI-enhanced group receiving additional real-time AI feedback on probe navigation and image quality during both training and testing, while the non-AI group relied solely on the instructor’s guidance.
Results: Data were collected from 44 participants: 21 in the AI-enhanced group and 23 in the non-AI group. Improvement was observed in the assessment of the AI-enhanced group compared to the non-AI in acquiring the Apical-4-chamber and the Apical-5- chamber views [mean 88% (±SD 10%) vs. mean 76% (±SD 17%), respectively; p=0.016]. On the other hand, a slower time to complete the echocardiography exam was observed by the AI-enhanced group [mean 401sec (±SD 51) vs. 348sec (±SD 81) respectively; p=0.038].
Discussion: The addition of real-time, AI-based feedback demonstrated benefits in the cardiac POCUS teaching process for the more challenging echocardiography views. It also has the potential to surpass challenges related to in-personPOCUS training. Additional studies are required to explore the long-term effect of this training approach.
The side effects of levetiracetam monotherapy in pediatric epilepsy patients
Authors: bilge serap , Baskaya Nevzat 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Levetiracetam is a new medicine that is used for the treatment of focal and generalized seizure control. Several side effects can be observed during treatment with levetiracetam . Studies testing the tolerability and safety of levetiracetam monotherapy in pediatric epilepsy patients are limited. We retrospectively evaluated the side effects of levetiracetam monotherapy and whether there are any clues to predict these side effects in the pediatric epilepsy population.
Materials and Methods: Patients aged 1-17 years with epilepsy treated with levetiracetam monotherapy were included in the study. Age, gender, body weight, blood pressure, duration of levetiracetam use, dose, semiology, epilepsy type, EEG and MRI findings, hemogram and biochemical laboratory findings, and observed side effects were recorded.
Results: Eighty-five patients were included in the study. Twenty-five (29%) patients had side effects. Treatment was discontinued in 11 patients due to side effects. The three most common side effects were agitation (8 patients, 9%), headache (5 patients, 5%) and fatigue (3 patients, 4%). There was no relationship between side effects and gender, body weight, seizure type, levetiracetam dose, duration, EEG, and MRI findings. Vitamin B12 Levels were lower in the group with side effects. The side effects are experienced more frequently in the older age group.
Conclusion: Physical-behavioural side effects were observed in levetiracetam treatment. The age of the group with side effects was older. Lower B12 levels might have a role in initiating some side effects
Optimization of Smithsonite Flotation Using ZnO and Al2O3 Nanocollectors: A Definitive Screening Design Approach
Authors: Meshkini Mohamad , Gharabaghi Mahdi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Conventional flotation techniques ores, often encounter challenges when applied to oxidized minerals. This limitation highlights the necessity for developing or improving flotation methods. In this study, the impact of ZnO and Al₂O₃ nanocollectors on smithsonite flotation was examined, and the process was optimized using a comprehensive Definitive Screening Design (DSD). Initially, ZnO and Al₂O₃ nanoparticles were synthesized and modified with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). Characterization through TEM, XRD, and FTIR techniques confirmed the successful synthesis and modification of these nanocollectors. The flotation results indicated that ZnO and Al₂O₃ nanocollectors significantly enhanced recovery rates compared to conventional collectors, attributed to their increased surface area and improved interaction with smithsonite particles. The optimal flotation conditions were identified as a pH of 6.0, a pulp density of 7.0%, an air flow rate of 1.0 L/min, 360 g/t oleic acid, 180 g/t ZnO nanocollectors, 250 g/t Al₂O₃ nanocollectors, and 17 g/t A65 frother, achieving a peak recovery rate of 91.1%.
Aloe polysaccharide promotes keratinocyte proliferation, migration, and differentiation by upregulating the EGFR/PKC-dependent signaling pathways.
Authors: Cheng Ching-Yuan , Hsu Shao-Hsuan , Dai Yang-Shia , Chokkalingam Uvarani , Shih Pei-Chun , Ekambaranellore Prakash , Lin Wan-Wan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Aloe vera is a popular medicinal plant in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food industries. Acemannan (ACE), a β-(1,4)-acetylated mannan, is one of the bioactive compounds isolated from the A. vera gel. The pharmacological effects of ACE have been reported regarding digestive disease protection, antimicrobia, and prebiotic activity. Here, we used HaCaT cells as a model to uncover the potential biological functions of ACE in keratinocytes. ACE increased cell growth in a concentration-dependent manner, and a higher incorporation of BrdU was detected in ACE-treated cells than in vehicle-treated cells, indicating ACE promotes cell proliferation. Furthermore, ACE concentration-dependently promoted cell migration in the wound scratch model. ACE regulated cell differentiation by transiently decreasing p63α expression, but increasing the expression of involucrin, loricrin, and TGase 1, and these effects were non-additive to those induced by PMA, but additive by EGF, which are complete and incomplete differentiation agents of keratinocytes, respectively. Moreover, ACE activated EGFR, PKC, and AKT. PKC inhibitor Ro320432 enhanced cell growth and migration, while EGFR inhibitor osimertinib blocked both responses. In summary, ACE is a potential therapeutic agent in wound healing. ACE activates PKC, leading to keratinocyte differentiation and activates EGFR, contributing to keratinocyte proliferation and migration.
Rheology of Lunar Regolith Simulant Under Varying Gravitational Conditions
Authors: Madden Ian P. , Muruganandam Sathyashri , Missaoui Amine , Gries Oliver , Kollmer Jonathan , D’Angelo Olfa , Sinha-Ray Suman 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Understanding structure-property-process relationship aka rheology of regolith in varying gravity conditions is critical for exploration and future missions. In this work, a framework for studying rheology of lunar regolith simulant in varying gravity conditions (Terrestrial, Lunar and Martian) is described theoretically/numerically, where the driving force of flow of simulants was gravitational acceleration. In the analysis particle-particle interaction forces were included. It was found that the dynamic behavior of granular material is extremely sensitive to external conditions by virtue of the myriad of forces present between particle grains. The results obtained were validated against results obtained in earth and Lunar gravity conditions. The theoretical/numerical and experimental results showed that the complex interaction of these forces can drastically change the dynamics of the material, which is not captured by standard design rules, generally used in industry, for variable gravity applications.
RETRACTED: Supramolecular Networks with High Shear Stiffening Enabled by Metal
Ion-Mediated Hydrogen Bonding Enhancement Strategy
Authors: He Rui , Chen Zhuo , Chen Heng , Li Yuxi , Wang Binli , Chen Shuhan , Chen Zhi , Huang Qianhua , Yu Xuefeng 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
The role of SH3RF2 in lung squamous cell carcinoma and M2 polarization: insights into LZTS2 ubiquitination
Authors: Yang Jie , Jia Zhongfei , Li Juan , Jiang Chao , Zhao Xin , Wang Yuxiang , Ma Xiaoguo , Xu Xinjian 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background: Although the treatment of lung cancer has been well developed, the survival rate for lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is still low. It is meaningful to explore new molecular targets and develop new treatment strategies. SH3RF2 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase containing 3 SH3 domains and has not been reported in LUSC.
Results: SH3RF2 promoted the proliferation of LUSC cells, and the nuclear translocation of β-catenin, increased Arg-1, CD163 and IL-10 RNA levels and the proportion of CD206+ cells in M0 THP-1 cells, and enhanced the migration and invasion of M0 THP-1 cells. ICG-001 alleviated the above effects of SH3RF2 on M0 THP-1 cell. In vivo tumorigenesis experiments found that SH3RF2 promoted tumor growth and increased the proportion of M2 cells. IP found that SH3RF2 interacted with LZTS2 and regulated the ubiquitination of LZTS2 with RING domain. LZTS2 overexpression reduced the nuclear translocation of β-catenin, cell migration and invasion, and M2 polarization promoted by SH3RF2 overexpression. The combination of SH3RF2 overexpression and radiotherapy inhibited the growth of tumor.
Conclusions: This study elucidates the cancer-promoting role of SH3RF2, its positive effect on M2 polarization, and its relationship with LZTS2 and β-catenin. It provides new candidate molecular targets for the treatment of LUSC.
Deep Learning-based Prediction of Peptic Ulcer Diseases Caused by Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs Using Longitudinal Electronic Health Records
Authors: Kim Joo Seong , Kim Junmo , Chung Hyunsoo , Shin Chaiho , Kim Sae-Hoon , Yoo Sooyoung , Lee Sang Hyub , Kim Kwangsoo , Lee Jun Kyu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) are widely used to treat musculoskeletal disorders but are associated with peptic ulcers (PUs). Predicting the risk of PU in NSAID users is essential to minimize serious adverse effects such as bleeding and perforation. We developed and validated a deep learning-based model to predict the occurrence of NSAID-induced PU within 180 days after starting NSAID treatment using longitudinal electronic health records. The cohort included 125,930 patients prescribed NSAID for at least seven days. We used laboratory tests, medication history, and demographic information to train several machine learning and deep learning models, including random forests, gradient boosting machines (GBM), recurrent neural networks (RNN), long short-term memory networks (LSTM), gated recurrent units (GRU), and transformers. Endoscopy reports comprising free-text were used to more accurately determine the incidence of PU. The GRU model achieved the highest performance, with an AUROC of 0.941 for internal validation and 0.964 for external validation. Hemoglobin level, medication duration and aspirin use were significant predictors. Risk scores showed a sharp increase in risk two months before PU. We developed and validated robust predictive models for NSAID-induced PUs using longitudinal EHR data. These models may help inform clinical decision making for NSAID management and prevention of PU. Further studies are needed to improve these models and extend their application to diverse datasets.
Molecular Dynamic Simulation Study on the Influence of Heating Rate on the Thermal Decomposition Process of 1,3,5-Triamino- 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzene (TATB)
Authors: Wei Xianfeng , Sha Shan , Duan Qingying 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

To clarify the effect of heating rate on the thermal decomposition process of 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB), this study employs molecular dynamic simulations to investigate the thermal decomposition of TATB at heating rates of 20, 40, 60, and 80 K/ps. The initial temperature is uniformly set to 300 K, while the final temperature is set to 3000 K. Results indicate that within the temperature range of 300–3000 K, the thermal decomposition rate of TATB decreases with increasing heating rate, whereas the initial decomposition temperature of TATB increases, consistent with the experimental pattern. Within the studied temperature range, a lower heating rate results in a longer decomposition time, leading to increased collision reaction time of decomposition products, a higher probability of formation, and more stable products, such as H2O, CO2, and N2. Conversely, at higher heating rates, the quantities of H2O, CO2, and N2 are reduced.
Methods：The Gaussian09 software was used to calculate the BDEs of TATB molecules, while the MD simulation was performed using the LAMMPS package. Visualization and postprocessing were conducted using the OVITO software, and a custom script was developed to analyze the reaction products and frequencies.
Extensive Longitudinal Transverse Myelitis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Case Report and Review of Current Literature
Authors: AJERTIL Abderrazzak , QUESSAR Abdeljalil EL 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Acute transverse myelitis (TM) is an inflammatory condition that presents with quickly advancing motor, sensory, and autonomic symptoms, which can have severe consequences. The three leading causes of acute TM are demyelinating diseases, infections, and autoimmune inflammatory conditions like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) includes TM as one of the 19 neuropsychiatric conditions linked with SLE, with an incidence rate of about 1–2% among SLE cases. Misdiagnosis is common, often resulting in high morbidity and mortality. This report examines the case of a 23-year-old woman with progressive muscle weakness in her lower limbs, dysesthesias from the abdomen to the feet, and loss of sphincter control. On examination, severe paraparesis with sensory level at T8 was identified. MRI of the thoracolumbar spine showed hyperintensity on T2 and STIR sequences from T7 to L1, consistent with TM. Due to resistance to initial treatment, cyclophosphamide was administered. After a week in the hospital, the patient showed partial neurological improvement. Recognizing TM in SLE patients requires high clinical suspicion, and early intervention is crucial to minimize severe complications and reduce the rates of morbidity and mortality.
Comprehensive Transcriptomic Analysis of Carbohydrate utilization in Ruminiclostridium papyrosolvens DSM2782
Authors: You Mengcheng , Ren Zhenxing , Ye Letian , Zhao Qiuyun , Liu Ziyi , Song Houhui , Xu Chenggang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Lignocellulose is the most abundant renewable bioresource on earth, and its biodegradation and utilization would contribute to the sustainable development of the global environment. Ruminiclostridium papyrosolvens, an anaerobic, mesophilic, and cellulolytic bacterium, produces an enzymatic complex known as the cellulosome. As one of the most highly evolved species among Ruminiclostridium-type species, R. papyrosolvens is particularly relevant for understanding how cellulolytic clostridia modulate their biomass degradation mechanisms in response to diverse carbon sources.
Results
Our study investigates the transcriptional responses of Ruminiclostridium papyrosolvens to different carbon sources to understand its lignocellulose utilization. Using RNA-seq, we analyzed gene expression under cellulose, cellobiose, glucose, xylan, and corn stover, identifying distinct metabolic preferences and regulatory responses. We found significant gene expression changes under corn stover compared to other carbon sources, with enrichment in ABC transporters and cell growth pathways. CAZyme gene expression was regulated by TCSs, affecting sugar transporter systems. Metabolic profiling showed R. papyrosolvens produced more complex metabolites during corn stover fermentation, revealing its adaptability to various carbon sources and implications for metabolic engineering.
Conclusions
The study provides a comprehensive understanding of the responding mechanism of R. papyrosolvens to the most abundant natural polysaccharides, as well as a roadmap for biomass utilization and the industrial application of gene resources or as a host for the process and genetic engineering of cellulolysis.
The Influence of Rural Roads on the Urban-rural Income Inequality
Authors: CUI Yuxin , Wu Zixi , Ma Xiaochen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

This paper uses data from 212 prefecture-level cities in China from 2014 to 2022, to examine the relationship between rural roads and the urban-rural income inequality. The findings reveal that rural roads can effectively narrow the income inequality between urban and rural areas. The study also uncovers an inverted U-shaped relationship between rural roads and urban and rural income. A spatial Durbin model is used to further understand the potential temporal and spatial impacts, demonstrating that rural road construction has a significant spatial spillover effect on the urban-rural income inequality. Specifically, the construction of rural roads in nearby areas initially expands the urban-rural income inequality in the region. However, with the continuous improvement of rural roads, an inflection point appears, further narrowing the region's urban-rural income inequality. These findings provide a reference for local governments in their efforts to build rural roads.
Potentially damaging variants’ analysis in autism subgroups uncovers early brain-expressed gene modules relevant to autism pathophysiology
Authors: Scaccabarozzi Gaia , Fumagalli Luca , Mambretti Maddalena , Giorda Roberto , Villa Marco , Ceccarelli Silvia Busti , Villa Laura , Mani Elisa , Nobile Maria , Molteni Massimo , Pozzoli Uberto , Crippa Alessandro 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Understanding the functional implications of genes’ variants related to autism heterogeneity represents a crucial challenge. Gene set analysis examines the combined effect of multiple genes with convergent biological functions. Here we explored whether a multi-step analysis could identify gene sets relevant to autism subtyping in terms of different loads of possibly damaging variants (PDVs) among two subgroups of autistic children.
Methods
After subdividing our sample of 71 autistic children (3-12 years) in two subgroups with higher (>80; n=43) and lower (≤80; n=28) intelligence quotient (IQ), a gene set variant enrichment analysis identified gene sets with significantly different incidence of PDVs between the two subgroups. Significant gene sets were then clustered into modules of genes. Their brain expression was investigated according to the BrainSpan Atlas of the Developing Human Brain. Next, we extended each module by selecting the genes that were spatio-temporally co-expressed in the developing brain and physically interacting with those in the modules. Last, we explored the incidence of autism susceptibility genes within the original and extended modules.
Results
Our analysis identified 38 significant gene sets (FDR, q<0.05), which clustered in four gene modules involved in ion cell communication, neurocognition, gastrointestinal function, and immune system. Those modules were highly expressed in specific brain structures across different developmental stages. Spatio-temporal brain co-expression across development and physical protein interactions identified extended clusters of genes where we found an over-representation of autism susceptibility genes.
Limitations
The sample size of this work is limited. Our analysis was also limited to a disease-associated subsection of the exome.
Conclusions
Our unbiased approach identified modules of genes functionally relevant to autism pathophysiology in a relatively small set of participants, providing evidence of their implication in the phenotypic differences of autism subgroups. The findings of interconnections between different modules and with autism susceptibility genes suggest that diversity in autism likely originates from multiple interacting pathways. Future research could leverage the present approach to identify genetic pathways relevant to autism subtyping.