bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Constructing keyed strong S-Box with optimized nonlinearity using nondegenerate 2D hyper chaotic map
Authors: Kadeer Abudureheman , Tuersun Yilihamu , Liu Hongjun 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In the realm of information security, the nonlinearity of an S-Box is a pivotal attribute for ensuring its effectiveness. S-Boxes randomly generated with chaotic maps, however, often exhibit insufficient nonlinearity. To construct a robust S-Box with enhanced nonlinearity, we have developed a nondegenerate two-dimensional hyper chaotic map (2D-NDHCM). We rigorously evaluated its dynamic properties through bifurcation and phase diagrams, Lyapunov exponents, Kolmogorov entropy, correlation dimension, and randomness tests to assess the map’s resilience. Subsequently, we employed the 2D-NDHCM to devise a novel algorithm for constructing and optimizing a keyed strong S-Box, leveraging simulated annealing technique to achieve superior nonlinearity. Finally, We conducted performance analyses of the optimized S-Box using the classic six criteria, and the results confirmed the algorithm’s practicality and effectiveness.
Nonlinear multi-image optical authentication based on QR decomposition and Kramer-Kronig relations
Authors: Vardhan Harsh , Sivarajan Aswathi K , Shrivastav Anand M , Reddy Salla Gangi , Kumar Ravi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this paper, a new nonlinear optical multi-image authentication scheme is proposed based on Kramers-Kronig digital holography and orthogonal triangular decomposition or QR decomposition. Here, the complex light field carrying the information of multiple images is modulated by random phase masks and propagated at certain distance. Afterwards, the QR decomposition is applied to the complex wavefront to generate the private keys and to add the non-linearity in the scheme. Next, the product of orthogonal matrix and upper triangular matrix is processed further. The obtained output is modulated by different phase masks and interfered with reference beam to record the encrypted image. For decryption, the Kramer-Kronig relation is utilized to extract the plaintext images directly with only the positive frequency part. A series of numerical simulations are conducted to validate the efficacy and robustness of proposed image authentication scheme.
The energy dispersion of magnetic Rossby waves in the quasi-geostrophic shallow water magnetohydrodynamic theory
Authors: Yang Yi , Li ChengKang , Jiang PeiYa , Li YaoKun 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This research firstly comprehensively investigates the energy dispersion of magnetic Rossby waves in zonally non-uniform basic states by applying the quasi-geostrophic (QG) shallow water magnetohydrodynamic (SWMHD) equations. The eddy momentum and heat flux transported by magnetic Rossby waves, which can be described by the group velocity vector, have significant impacts on the large-scale dynamics of various celestial bodies. The findings suggest that the energy dispersion paths, also called rays, are curves and restricted in limited regions in the non-uniform basic states, in contrast with straight lines in the uniform basic states. Furthermore, the limited propagative regions are influenced by three important meridional locations, which are defined as the symmetric turning location, the asymmetric turning location, and the critical location. The first two reflect rays and the third one acts as an asymptote. The propagative region that is enclosed by a turning location and a critical location is more general. Besides, the occurrence of the asymmetric turning location, which is mainly depended on the distribution of the zonal basic flow, is a quite new feature of the energy dispersion for magnetic Rossby waves since there is no asymmetric turning location for Rossby waves on the Earth’s atmosphere and ocean. The results have important applications in illustrating interactions between magnetic Rossby waves and zonally basic states and in explaining the maintenance of the zonal flow and meridional circulation of various celestial bodies.
Rotating nonlinear states in trapped binary Bose–Einstein condensates under the action of the spin–orbit coupling
Authors: Sakaguchi Hidetsugu , Malomed Boris A 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We report results of systematic analysis of confined steadily rotating patterns in the two-component BEC including the spin–orbit coupling (SOC) of the Rashba type, which acts in the interplay with the attractive or repulsive intra-component and inter-component nonlinear interactions and confining potential. The analysis is based on the system of the Gross–Pitaevskii equations (GPEs) written in the rotating coordinates. The resulting GPE system includes effective Zeeman splitting. In the case of the attractive nonlinearity, the analysis, performed by means of the imaginary-time simulations, produces deformation of the known two-dimensional SOC solitons (semi-vortices and mixed-modes). Essentially novel findings are reported in the case of the repulsive nonlinearity. They demonstrate patterns arranged as chains of unitary vortices which, at smaller values of the rotation velocity Ω, assume the straight (single-string) form. At larger Ω, the straight chains become unstable, being spontaneously replaced by a trilete star-shaped array of vortices. At still larger values of Ω, the trilete pattern rebuilds itself into a star-shaped one formed of five and, then, seven strings. The transitions between the different patterns are accounted for by comparison of their energy. It is shown that the straight chains of vortices, which form the star-shaped structures, are aligned with boundaries between domains populated by plane waves with different wave vectors. A transition from an axisymmetric higher-order (multiple) vortex state to the trilete pattern is investigated too.
Morphology and structural properties of thin rubrene crystallites grown on graphite
Authors: Naeimi Moha , Engster Katharina , Barke Ingo , Speller Sylvia 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Crystallization of rubrene, progressing from an amorphous phase to a triclinic meta-stable and ultimately to the orthorhombic stable phase, offers broad applications not only in organic electronic devices but also for in-depth studies of optical and electronic properties, including exciton distribution and dynamics. We investigate the crystallization of rubrene on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG), aiming at the growth of the preferred rubrene orthorhombic phase, which has been reported to have one of the highest charge mobilities in organic semiconductors. This is achieved through controlled heating and enhanced partial pressure. Through precise control of the initial deposition on the substrate, we investigate the growth habit of rubrene crystals by high-rate heat treatment beyond the second crystallization temperature. Furthermore, this work addresses thermal stability and photodegradation across various morphologies.
Interfaces of the two-dimensional voter model in the context of SLE
Authors: Godrèche Claude , Picco Marco 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper investigates various geometrical properties of interfaces of the two-dimensional voter model. Despite its simplicity, the model exhibits dual characteristics, resembling both a critical system with long-range correlations, while also showing a tendency towards order similar to the Ising–Glauber model at zero temperature. This duality is reflected in the geometrical properties of its interfaces, which are examined here from the perspective of Schramm–Loewner evolution. Recent studies have delved into the geometrical properties of these interfaces within different lattice geometries and boundary conditions. We revisit these findings, focusing on a system within a box of linear size L with Dobrushin boundary conditions, where values of the spins are fixed to either +1 or −1 on two distinct halves of the boundary, in order to enforce the presence of a pinned interface with fixed endpoints (or chordal interface). We also expand the study to compare the geometrical properties of the interfaces of the voter model with those of the critical Ising model and other related models. Scaling arguments and numerical studies suggest that, while locally the chordal interface of the voter model has fractal dimension

d
f

=
3

/

2

, corresponding to a parameter κ = 4, it becomes straight at large scales, confirming a conjecture made by Holmes et al (2015 J. Stat. Phys.
159 937–57), and ruling out the possibility of describing the chordal interface of the voter model by SLE

κ

, for any non-zero value of κ. This contrasts with the critical Ising model, which is described by SLE3, and whose interface fluctuations remain of order L, and more generally with related critical models, which are in the same universality class.
Collaborative Seismic Impedance Inversion under Bayesian Parameter Estimation
Authors: Ren Lilong , Yan Jianguo , Pranto M. R , Huang Wenlu , Xie Rui 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
At present, the industry mainly divides seismic inversion methods into deterministic inversion and deterministic inversion based on the methods and principles used in inversion. There are two types of geostatistical inversion. Deterministic inversion is the process of directly modifying the model quantity through optimization algorithms under given initial constraint conditions to obtain a definite solution; Geostatistical inversion uses random simulation methods to obtain inversion results through simulation and selection. The seismic data did not participate in the direct modification of the model, but rather served as a matching optimization constraint for the random model. Starting from the Bayesian formula, this article unifies deterministic inversion and geostatistical inversion within the Bayesian parameter estimation framework. From a theoretical framework, it analyzes the similarities and differences between deterministic inversion and geostatistical inversion, and proposes a method that combines deterministic inversion and geostatistical inversion - seismic wave impedance co inversion. Sequential Gaussian simulation and model constrained inversion are used as examples of the two major methods, The correctness of the research results and the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed new inversion method and process have been verified through the application of the Marmousi theoretical model and actual data from Fudong, Fukang Depression, Xinjiang. It has been proven that the proposed method can improve the accuracy and precision of inversion. The inversion method and process used in this study obtained high-resolution and high-precision inversion results, which have good application prospects.
Analysis of mechanical properties of single crystal copper under low-temperature indentation test
Authors: Wang Yunyi , Guo Jinyan , Liu Sihan , Wang Chao 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
As a common superconducting material in the aerospace field, the mechanical properties of single-crystal copper at low temperatures have attracted much attention. Combined with the current low-temperature nanoindentation test technology and the research status of micromechanical properties of crystal copper at home and abroad, this paper puts forward the low-temperature nanoindentation test on single-crystal copper. It analyzes the changes in mechanical properties of the low-temperature environment by indentation curve. Before the formal test, we first analyzed the Oliver-Pharr micro and nanoindentation test theory and described briefly the advantages of using nanoindentation to test the mechanical properties. The final test results show that in the temperature range of 300K~150K, the hardness and elastic modulus of the single-crystal copper increase with the decrease in temperature. The lower the temperature is, the faster the increase of hardness and elastic modulus is. At the same temperature, the hardness and elastic modulus of single-crystal copper with three crystal faces are (111) > (110) > (100). The mechanical properties at low temperatures are effectively reflected by means of low-temperature nanoindentation, which can be used to guide the production of materials in real life.
Calibration and characterization of the RED-100 detector at the Kalinin Nuclear Power Plant
Authors: Akimov D.Yu. , Aleksandrov I.S. , Ata-Kurbonova F.B. , Belov V.A. , Bolozdynya A.I. , Etenko A.V. , Galavanov A.V. , Gusakov Yu.V. , Khromov A.V. , Konovalov A.M. , Kornoukhov V.N. , Kovalenko A.G. , Kozlova E.S. , Koskin Yu.I. , Kumpan A.V. , Lukyashin A.V. , Pinchuk A.V. , Razuvaeva O.E. , Rudik D.G. , Shakirov A.V. , Simakov G.E. , Sosnovtsev V.V. , Vasin A.A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
RED-100 is a two-phase Xe detector designed and built for
the study of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering
(CEνNS) of reactor antineutrinos. A comprehensive calibration
was performed in order to obtain important parameters of the
detector during its operation at the Kalinin Nuclear Power Plant
(Tver region, Russia). This paper outlines the analysis of
calibration data, position and energy reconstruction procedures, and
calculation of the efficiency of electron extraction from the liquid
xenon to the gas phase.
Reflux extraction with saponification of crude wax from sugarcane filter cake for policosanol production
Authors: Hernandez JMS , Movillon JL , Capunitan JA , Arocena RE , Borines MG 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Filter cake, a by-product in the sugar industry, has significant amount of wax containing policosanol which can be extracted using proper method and solvent. Policosanol is a mixture of high molecular weight aliphatic primary alcohols and was reported to reduce cardiovascular diseases. This study explored the use of hot ethanol reflux extraction to recover the crude wax from the filter cake followed by saponification for policosanol purification. Crude wax yield of 84.5 mg crude wax/g filter cake was obtained using reflux extraction at 60° C, 500 rpm and 12 mL absolute ethanol/g filter cake. The maximum crude wax yield obtained from Soxhlet extraction was 121.88 ± 0.46 mg crude wax/g dry filter cake, which corresponds to 69.33% recovery. Using a two-level factorial design, the effects of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentration (0.1 M and 1 M), reaction time (30 minutes and 60 minutes)and reaction temperature (30 °C and 60 °C) on the policosanol yield during saponification were determined. Results showed that NaOH concentration and temperature have significant effects on policosanol yield while reaction time alone is insignificant. Increasing both the reaction time and NaOH concentration can lead to an increase in policosanol yield. The highest yield of 1.234 ± 0.322 mg policosanol/g crude wax after saponification was obtained at 60 °C for 60 minutes with 1 M NaOH. This is twice the amount of policosanol recovered as compared to 0.583 ± 0.026 mg policosanol/g crude wax without saponification.
Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Potential of the Enhanced Rice Straw Biogas System in the Philippines
Authors: Gomez C C , Demafelis R B , Magadia B T , Matanguihan A E D , Estante E P V , Nuñez C J E , Sumague J V , Chong K , Roeder M , Jamieson C 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Rice straw is an agricultural waste produced abundantly every rice cropping cycle. Its disposal or removal from the field is a problem to rice farmers every start of the next cropping cycle due to its labor-intensive collection from the field. One traditional practice is soil incorporation; however, rice straw does not degrade easily, and this management practice releases significant amount of greenhouse gas emissions to the environment. An attempt to solve this issue is to utilize rice straw with cattle manure as feedstock for biogas production and use the energy generated for rice post-harvest processing such as grain drying and milling. An Enhanced Rice Straw Biogas facility was constructed in Victoria, Laguna, Philippines and a trial lagoon run was conducted from June to October 2021. The data from the initial run was used as input to the modified Aston-developed Mass Energy Balance Model to determine the biogas production potential of rice straw and cattle manure as bioenergy feedstocks. The proposed system can produce 8,803,567.99 L (296.19 L/kg VS) of biogas which can be converted to 19,502.97 MW electricity and 84,512.86 MJ heat. From the energy generated per batch, 18,417.21 kg rice grain (dry season) or 15,752.79 kg rice grain (wet season) can be dried and milled, with an excess of equivalent kerosene (696.93 L for dry season or 248.46 L for wet season) and electricity (3,745.12 kWh for dry season or 6,182.23 kWh for wet season). Due to biogas utilization, an estimated 3,351 L of fossil-based kerosene and 12,185.91 kWh of electricity equivalent can be avoided. This low GHG emission rice production system (Aston Model) has a theoretical annual carbon footprint of 153,134 kg CO2e and a 28.21% reduction of greenhouse gas emissions compared to the conventional rice production system.
Effect of size and loading of waste single-used plastic (SUP) aggregates on a bio-based high density polyurethane composite
Authors: Tilendo A C , Uy K M M , Filipinas J Q , Marohomsalic K M A , Khalid J M , Sultan N N 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The utilization of waste single-use plastic (SUP) as fillers by containment in a polyurethane matrix was investigated as an alternative solution to the detrimental disposal of these waste materials. High-density bio-based rigid polyurethane composites were prepared by adding polyol, isocyanate, and additives, along with densified SUP, which served as aggregate fillers to enhance the bulk density and flexural strength of rigid polyurethane while increasing the thermal conductivity. The aggregated SUPs were prepared using agglomeration-densification machine and exhibited size variations of 12.44 mm (A), 14.12 mm (B), and 15.56 mm (C). The resulting aggregates were added to the rigid polyurethane matrix at varied loadings of 40%, 50%, and 60% v/v. The green composites were cured in heated hydraulic press at constant temperature and pressure. Based on the obtained results, it was found that the formulation with a SUP size of C and a loading of 60% produced the composite of highest bulk density due to relatively high density of agglomerated SUP as the size enlarges. Additionally, the SUP size of A and a loading of 50% (50A) exhibited the highest flexural strength value. This behaviour was attributed to the increased filler-matrix interfacial area achieved with the smallest size aggregates. However, a further increase in aggregate loading resulted in a decrease in this property as common attribute for composite materials. On the other hand, it was revealed that increasing the loading of SUP aggregates provided a lesser insulating effect due to the increase in thermal conductivity resulting from the presence of filled pores within the polyurethane foam. The findings of this study contributed to understanding the effects of aggregate size and loading on the mechanical and thermal properties of the composite material, providing valuable insights for the development of energy-efficient and environmentally-friendly polyurethane structures.
Effect of Fatty Acid on Melting and Solidification of Erythritol
Authors: Wada Daiju , Tang Xudong , Tokushige Manabu , Ryu Junichi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
One of the solutions to energy problems is the reuse of waste heat. One way to reuse waste heat is to use latent heat storage materials. Erythritol, of which melting point is the temperature range between 100 and 200°C, has attracted much attention as latent heat storage materials. However, as usual erythritol shows the large supercooling, its supercooling degree must be decreased to use for latent heat storage material. To achieve this, we have investigated the mixed erythritol with fatty acids as addition agents. Samples were prepared by physically mixing of erythritol and fatty acids such as (lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid). In this study, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) was used (to evaluate the sample temperature program: 30→140→0→30°C, heating rate: 5°C/min, atmosphere: N2 gas). The degree of supercooling was calculated from the DSC curve. And also, a camera was used to capture and discuss the freezing process. The erythritol physically mixed with fatty acids showed a higher freezing point and lower degree of supercooling than pure erythritol. The mixing myristic acid with erythritol significantly lowers the supercooling degree. The erythritol sample with palmitic acid or stearic acid did not show as low supercooling degree as that with myristic acid. Additionally, with lauric acid or myristic acid, the erythritol sample solidified simultaneously, while sample solidified separately with palmitic acid or stearic acid added. In summary, it was found that physical mixing of fatty acids and erythritol decreased in the supercooling degree. Furthermore, the crystallization temperatures of the sample with lauric acid or myristic acid were altered by changing the fatty acids.
Exfoliation of Ti3 C2 MXene using (NH4 )2TiF6 Etchant and Simultaneous Synthesis of Ti3 C2 MXene/NH4 TiOF3 Mesocrystals Hybrids
Authors: Wang T , Zhu L , Zhu W Y , Kanda H 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A new single-step method is suggested to fabricate block structures consisting of NH4TiOF3 wrapped around Ti3C2 MXene (Ti3C2) by etching Ti3AlC2 MAX phase with (NH4)2TiF6. The optimal reaction conditions for Ti3AlC2 MAX phase and (NH4)2TiF6 are systematically investigated. (NH4)2TiF6 selectively etches the Al in the Ti3AlC2 MAX phase and promotes promoting the mild hydrolysis reaction of (NH4)2TiF6 to form NH4TiOF3 crystals. The exterior shapes of Ti3C2/NH4TiOF3 hybrids can be tuned by adjusting the reagent concentration, reaction temperature. The phase composition, morphology and photophysical properties of the Ti3C2/NH4TiOF3 hybrids are investigated using various characterization techniques. Ti3AlC2 MAX phase reacts with (NH4)2TiF6 at 60 °C for 24 h to form hybrids which are surrounded by NH4TiOF3 crystals simultaneously with the formation of Ti3C2 nanosheet. The resulting Ti3C2/NH4TiOF3 are porous and finely structured, showing potential for various applications in biotechnology, sensing, and environmental fields. This method provides important insights into future applications of Ti3C2/NH4TiOF3 hybrids.
Preparation and Characterization of Water Hyacinth-Derived Cellulose Nanofibers for Fuel Cell Membrane application
Authors: Sansolis Alyssa Marie U. , Parreño Jr Ronaldo P. , Beltran Arnel B. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Cellulose nanofibers (CNF) derived from biomass materials were used for various applications such as medicine, packaging, wastewater treatment, and fuel cells. In this study, CNF was synthesized from water hyacinth plants obtained from Laguna de Bay. Collected water hyacinth stems were cleaned, washed, air-dried, and oven-dried for fiber extraction. Chemical and mechanical treatments were used to extract the CNF from the water hyacinth. The fibers were treated with 4 % potassium hydroxide solution and homogenized at 25,000 rpm for 3 mins. The resulting CNF was characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to investigate the microstructures and morphology. Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (AR-FTIR) was used to determine the chemical composition of the CNF. Lastly, crystallinity was examined by using an X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) to ensure that the extraction of CNF was successful. The resulting properties of CNF ensure its potential when used as a pure material or added as a composite for the membrane of fuel cells.