bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Entendre (x) comme (une) oeuvre
Authors: Arbo Alessandro 
Published: October 2018

Quel sens convient-il de donner à l’invite à « entendre (x) comme une oeuvre (musicale) »? Cette locution désigne une perception aspectuelle impliquant un type d’objet et un type d’attention. On vise l’action, dans la saisie des propriétés esthétiques, de connaissances relatives à la production de l’artefact. Si un premier niveau de compréhension coïncide avec la capacité à identifier les objets musicaux et à suivre leur concaténation, le passage au niveau supérieur dépend du repérage de références symboliques, intentionnelles et plus généralement contextuelles. À un premier niveau, on vise les propriétés (esthético-)expressives survenant sur les propriétés physico-phénoménales de l’objet musical; à un deuxième niveau, on se concentre sur les propriétés (esthético-) artistiques de l’oeuvre survenant sur les propriétés expressives et structurelles. En demandant à un auditeur d’entendre une musique comme oeuvre, nous l’invitons à identifier un type structurel dans les sons qu’il entend et à appliquer les dispositions qui lui permettent de choisir, parmi les propriétés esthétiques survenant sur la base physico-phénoménale, celles qui possèdent un intérêt artistique dans un contexte culturel donné.
Sémiotique, sens et démocratie. Oeuvres musicales et dispositifs participatifs
Authors: Esclapez Christine 
Published: October 2018

Il s’agira dans cette contribution de questionner le sens du musical à partir de l’ancienne notion de « parole » issue de la linguistique saussurienne et de l’élargir à celle de « participation » qui connaît à l’heure actuelle un intérêt croissant dans notre monde contemporain. Cet arrière-fond théorique s’incarnera dans une « situation » particulière : le développement des dispositifs interactifs scène-artiste-public qui est progressivement devenu, depuis le début du XXIe siècle, le lieu d’une expérience artistique à échelle collective. Dans le champ musical, ces situations sont particulièrement effectives dans les concerts participatifs qui sont de véritables expériences, émotionnellement intenses car vécues collectivement en live. À la suite des travaux de la philosophe Joëlle Zask (2011), nous proposerons un protocole sémiotique qui permette d’analyser ces dispositifs sous l’angle de la réappropriation individuelle de la langue, de son individuation, de sa création ou re-création. Nous nous donnerons ainsi l’opportunité de retravailler notre rapport à la démocratie en considérant les concerts participatifs comme de possibles zones d’apprentissage (ou de réapprentissage) de notre engagement (ou ré-engagement) personnel.
Gestion de projet en systèmes d’information : mise en évidence de configurations de bonnes pratiques institutionnalisées
Authors: Farastier Armelle , Carton Sabine 
Published: October 2018

Dans cette étude nous nous sommes intéressés aux bonnes pratiques de gestion de projet SI, telles qu’elles sont institutionnalisées au sein des entreprises au travers de différents types de vecteurs, à un instant donné, dans un contexte organisationnel donné (situation d’observation « post-adoption »). Cette analyse a été traitée selon une méthodologie quantitative grâce à une enquête réalisée auprès de chefs de projet SI portant sur 127 projets différents, complétée par des entretiens. Nous avons pu montrer que les pratiques institutionnalisées, au niveau du support organisationnel, se caractérisent différemment selon notamment le registre d’institutionnalisation qu’elles mobilisent (relationnel, symbolique, procédural ou matériel) et n’influent pas de la même manière sur les pratiques mises en oeuvre au niveau des projets.
The Pivotal Role of Guanxi for Economic Intelligence in the People’s Republic of China1
Authors: Milliot Eric 
Published: October 2018

Economic intelligence can be defined as a system of learning (logic of knowledge) and lobbying (logic of influence), largely based on access to information and interpersonal relationships. In the West, learning and lobbying are managed simultaneously, sequentially or separately. Can these systems, however, be developed in the same ways in Far Eastern countries, where messages are generally implicit and relations are usually gregarious? In particular, does knowledge depend on influence in these countries?
Using the People’s Republic of China as an example, and based upon a survey of 353 people, the work in this article illustrates the need for adapting economic intelligence to international operations, and underlines the relevance of guanxi in building such a system in this country.
Les pôles de compétitivité, des formes organisationnelles aptes à innover en gestion des ressources humaines ?
Authors: Calamel Ludivine , Defélix Christian , Pichault François 
Published: October 2018

Les mises en réseaux se développent de par le monde pour générer de l’innovation collaborative; en France, elles prennent notamment la forme des « pôles de compétitivité ». La littérature a analysé ces réseaux territoriaux d’organisations. Mais alors que leur feuille de route consiste également à produire de l’innovation managériale, via des pratiques de gestion des ressources humaines qui se situent à l’interface d’organisations différentes, l’état des connaissances reste faible sur ce point. Les pôles de compétitivité français représentent-ils une forme organisationnelle innovant également en gestion des ressources humaines ? A l’aune d’une approche contextualiste, mais aussi d’un cadre théorique associant entrepreneuriat institutionnel et acteur-réseau, cet article interroge les modalités de l’innovation managériale dans douze pôles de compétitivité français. Il met en lumière la principale innovation managériale de ces réseaux territoriaux : l’innovation de processus.
PME et firmes multinationales : performance des alliances asymétriques
Authors: Mahamadou Zoubeyda 
Published: October 2018

L’objet de cet article est d’analyser les effets des asymétries existant entre les PME et les multinationales sur la performance de leurs relations d’alliance. Dans cette perspective, les asymétries ont été définies en termes de taille, de culture organisationnelle, de ressources et compétences et d’expériences dans de telles alliances. Les effets de ces asymétries sont analysés qualitativement du point de vue de dix PME françaises de l’industrie aéronautique.
Deux résultats principaux découlent de cette étude. Premièrement, certaines asymétries (taille, culture organisationnelle et expériences d’alliances) peuvent être à l’origine de difficultés relationnelles entre les partenaires. Cela dit, malgré les asymétries entre les partenaires, ces alliances génèrent des résultats positifs (performance financière et apprentissage organisationnel) grâce à la complémentarité entre les ressources apportées par les PME et des multinationales impliquées.
L’implication du conseil d’administration dans le processus stratégique des entreprises : le particularisme français
Authors: Ghaya Houda , Lambert Gilles 
Published: October 2018

L’objectif de ce papier est d’étudier l’implication du Conseil d’Administration (CA) dans le processus stratégique afin de mieux comprendre son influence sur la performance de l’entreprise. Jusqu’où celui-ci doit-il s’investir pour ne pas nuire au développement de l’entreprise ? En mobilisant un cadre intégrateur de la théorie de l’agence et la perspective cognitive, nous menons une étude empirique sur un échantillon d’entreprises françaises cotées. Si nos résultats mettent en exergue un impact positif dans la phase d’initiation stratégique, une forte implication du CA dans les activités de mise en oeuvre et de contrôle semble au contraire être contreproductive.
Supporting a sugar tax in New Zealand: Sugar sweetened beverage (‘fizzy drink’) consumption as a normal behaviour within the obesogenic environment
Authors: Robertson Kirsten , Thyne Maree , Green James A. 
Published: October 2018

Background
Excessive intake of sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs) is a preventable cause of death. While some countries have implemented a tax on SSBs, other countries, such as New Zealand, rely on industry self-regulation and individual responsibility, such as referring to labels, to control one’s own sugar intake from SSBs. The present study examines whether SSB consumers consciously control their diet and therefore interventions such as better labelling might be effective, or alternatively, whether SSB consumers engage in a general pattern of unhealthy eating, and in which case government regulation would be advisable.

Aim
To explore self-reported dietary consumption and conscious healthy eating behaviours of New Zealand consumers who had consumed SSBs over a 24 hour period.

Method
A cross-sectional survey of a representative sample of 2007 New Zealanders, measuring their food and beverage intake over a 24 hour period and self-reported intentions to eat healthily. Within this was a measurement of SSB consumption in the 24 hour period.

Results
Multivariable logistic regression revealed that compared to non-SSB consumers, SSB consumers were more likely to have eaten the following: confectionery; fast food; pre-prepared food; biscuits, cakes or pastries; takeaways; ice-cream/dessert. SSB consumption was also associated with a lower likelihood of referring to food labels, less conscious effort to eat healthily, and to less likely to avoid: sugar; fat; calories; food additives; pre-prepared food. SSB consumers were also less likely to have eaten breakfast, or made a meal at home made from scratch.

Conclusion
SSB consumers were more likely than non-SSB consumers to demonstrate a general pattern of unhealthy eating and were less likely to report consciously controlling their diet. The findings raise significant concerns regarding the efficacy of individual and industry self-regulation and lend support to stronger government targeted interventions.
Nitrobenzol – Bestimmung von Nitrobenzol in der Luft am Arbeitsplatz mittels Gaschromatographie nach Thermodesorption [Air Monitoring Methods in German language, 2018]
Authors: Tschickardt M. , Krämer W. , Schmitt R. , Hebisch R. , Hartwig A. ,   MAK Commission
Published: October 2018

Abstract

This analytical method is a validated measurement procedure for the determination of nitrobenzene [
98‐95‐3
] in workplace air in a concentration range of one tenth up to twice the currently valid OEL or MAK value of 0.51 mg/m
3
. With this method simultaneously airborne nitrobenzene in the gaseous state as well as particles are collected. Sampling is performed by drawing a defined volume of air through a quartz fibre filter located in the sampling head GGP‐Mini with an adsorption tube filled with Tenax TA connected downstream using a suitable pump. The flow rate is set to 0.066 L/min with a recommended air sample volume of approx. 4 litres. The collected nitrobenzene is thermally desorbed and then analysed by means of gas chromatography using two detectors, a FID for quantification and a MSD to recognise potential interferences. The quantitative determination is based on a calibration function obtained by means of a multi‐point calibration. The limit of quantification is 0.0085 mg/m
3
based on an air sample of 4 litres.
Blei und seine Verbindungen – Bestimmung vonδ‐Aminolävulinsäure in Urin mittels HPLC‐Fluoreszenzdetektion [Biomonitoring Methods in German language, 2018]
Authors: Göen T. , Weißflog L. , Blaszkewicz M. , Baumhoer G. , Schettgen T. , Dewes P. , Hartwig A. ,   MAK Commission
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe working group “Analyses in Biological Materials” of the Permanent Senate Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area verified the presented biomonitoring method.The method described hereinafter permits the determination ofδ‐aminolevulinic acid (ALA) in urine as a biological marker of effect to assess exposure to lead. An indicator of such exposure is the increased urinary excretion of ALA caused by lead‐induced inhibition of the enzymeδ‐aminolevulinic acid dehydratase. The determination of ALA in urine is based on a condensation reaction of ALA with formaldehyde and acetylacetone yielding a pyrrolizine derivate, which can be sensitively detected using fluorescence detection. 6‐Amino‐5‐oxohexanoic acid is used as an internal standard. Calibration standards are prepared in pooled urine and processed in the same way as the samples to be analysed.The method was extensively validated and the reliability data were confirmed by two independent laboratories, which have established and cross‐checked the whole procedure.
Trimethylamine [MAK Value Documentation, 2018]
Authors: Hartwig A. ,   MAK Commission
Published: October 2018

Abstract

The German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has evaluated a momentary value for trimethylamine [
75‐50‐3
].

Critical effect is the irritation of the respiratory epithelia in the nose of rats and a maximum concentration at the workplace (MAK value) of 2 ml/m
3
has been set. This value was established by analogy with cyclohexylamine. In addition to the MAK value, a momentary value of 5 ml/m
3
for cyclohexylamine has been established which must not be exceeded at any time to prevent from local irritation. Therefore, a momentary value of 5 ml/m
3
is also set for N,N‐trimethylamine.
tert
‐Butyl alcohol [MAK Value Documentation, 2018]
Authors: Hartwig A. ,   MAK Commission
Published: October 2018

Abstract

The German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has re‐evaluated the Pregnancy Risk Group of tert‐butyl alcohol [
75‐65‐0
].

In rats, fetal weights were reduced at 2000 ml/m
3
, the LOAEC for developmental toxicity after inhalation. A 95% lower confidence limit of the benchmark dose for developmental toxicity of 1600 ml/m
3
was calculated. After now considering the increased respiratory volume at the workplace (see List of MAK and BAT Values, Sections I b and I c) this concentration corresponds to 800 ml/m
3
at the workplace. The difference to the MAK value of 20 ml/m
3
is still sufficient so that damage to the embryo or foetus is unlikely when the MAK value is observed. tert‐Butyl alcohol remains assigned to Pregnancy Risk Group C.

In a screening study based on OECD guideline 421 the NOAEL for fetotoxicity is 400 mg/kg body weight and day in rats. After toxicokinetic scaling this dose corresponds to a concentration of 230 ml/m
3
at the workplace. The difference between the NOAEL for fetotoxicity for rats and the MAK value of 20 ml/m
3
confirms the assignment to Pregnancy Risk Group C.

For mice, no NOAEL for developmental toxicity was obtained. At the LOAEL for developmental toxicity after gavage of 1600 mg/kg body weight and day, increased numbers of resorptions and reduced litter size, but no malformations occurred. After toxicokinetic scaling this dose corresponds to a concentration of 520 ml/m
3
at the workplace. The difference between the LOAEL for developmental toxicity for mice and the MAK value does not contradict the retention of the assignment to Pregnancy Risk Group C, particularly as a bolus administration (gavage) is considered to be a worst case compared with a continuous exposure at the workplace.
Cone‐Beam CT image contrast and attenuation‐map linearity improvement (CALI) for brain stereotactic radiosurgery procedures
Authors: Hashemi SayedMasoud , Huynh Christopher , Sahgal Arjun , Song William Y. , Nordström Håkan , Eriksson Markus , Mainprize James G. , Lee Young , Ruschin Mark 
Published: October 2018

AbstractA Contrast and Attenuation‐map Linearity Improvement (CALI) framework is proposed for cone‐beam CT (CBCT) images used for brain stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). The proposed framework is tailored to improve soft tissue contrast of a new point‐of‐care image‐guided SRS system that employs a challenging half cone beam geometry, but can be readily reproduced on any CBCT platform. CALI includes a pre‐ and post‐processing step. In pre‐processing we apply a shading and beam hardening artifact correction to the projections, and in post‐processing step we correct the dome/capping artifact on reconstructed images caused by the spatial variations in X‐ray energy generated by the bowtie‐filter. The shading reduction together with the beam hardening and dome artifact correction algorithms aim to improve the linearity and accuracy of the CT‐numbers (CT#). The CALI framework was evaluated using CatPhan to quantify linearity, contrast‐to‐noise (CNR), and CT# accuracy, as well as subjectively on patient images acquired on a clinical system. Linearity of the reconstructed attenuation‐map was improved from 0.80 to 0.95. The CT# mean absolute measurement error was reduced from 76.1 to 26.9 HU. The CNR of the acrylic insert in the sensitometry module was improved from 1.8 to 7.8. The resulting clinical brain images showed substantial improvements in soft tissue contrast visibility, revealing structures such as ventricles which were otherwise undetectable in the original clinical images obtained from the system. The proposed reconstruction framework also improved CT# accuracy compared to the original images acquired on the system. For frameless image‐guided SRS, improving soft tissue visibility can facilitate evaluation of MR to CBCT co‐registration. Moreover, more accurate CT# may enable the use of CBCT for daily dose delivery measurements.
A measurement of the attenuation of radiation from F‐18 by a PET/MR scanner
Authors: Wendt Richard E. , Ai Hua A. , Meier Joseph G. , Lopez Benjamin P. , Fahrenholtz Samuel J. , Mawlawi Osama R. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe attenuation of 511 keV photons by the structure of a PET/MR scanner was measured prior to energizing the magnet. The exposure rate from a source of fluorine‐18 was measured in air and, with the source placed at the isocenter of the instrument, at various points outside of the scanner. In an arc from 45 to 135 degrees relative to the long axis of the scanner and at a distance of 1.5 m from the isocenter, the attenuation by the scanner is at least 5.6 half‐value layers from the MR component alone and at least 6.6 half‐value layers with the PET insert installed. This information could inform better design of the radiation shielding for PET/MR scanners.
CSF TACI and BAFF levels in patients with primary CNS lymphoma as novel diagnostic biomarkers
Authors: Mizutani Hironori , Nakane Shunya , Ikeda Tokunori , Nakamura Hideo , Takamatsu Koutaro , Makino Keishi , Tawara Nozomu , Mukaino Akihiro , Watari Mari , Matsui Hirotaka , Mukasa Akitake , Ando Yukio 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWe used an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay to measure pretreatment B cell‐activating factor belonging to the tumour necrosis factor family (BAFF) and transmembrane activator and CAML‐interactor (TACI) levels in CSF and serum collected from patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) and control groups. The decision tree analysis of CSF TACI and BAFF levels for patients with a PCNSL diagnosis showed 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity when we attempted to differentiate PCNSL from glioblastoma and CNS inflammatory diseases. The combination of CSF TACI and BAFF levels may thus be a novel and useful diagnostic biomarker of PCNSL.
Two‐Layered and Stretchable e‐Textile Patches for Wearable Healthcare Electronics
Authors: La Thanh‐Giang , Qiu Shide , Scott Dylan K. , Bakhtiari Reyhaneh , Kuziek Jonathan W. P. , Mathewson Kyle E. , Rieger Jana , Chung Hyun‐Joong 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWearable healthcare systems require skin‐adhering electrodes that allow maximal comfort for patients as well as an electronics system to enable signal processing and transmittance. Textile‐based electronics, known as “e‐textiles,” is a platform technology that allows comfort for patients. Here, two‐layered e‐textile patches are designed by controlled permeation of Ag‐particle/fluoropolymer composite ink into a porous textile. The permeated ink forms a cladding onto the nanofibers in the textile substrate, which is beneficial for mechanical and electrical properties of the e‐textile. The printed e‐textile features conductivity of ≈3200 S cm−1, whereas 1000 cycles of 30% uniaxial stretching causes the resistance to increase only by a factor of ≈5, which is acceptable in many applications. Controlling over the penetration depth enables a two‐layer design of the e‐textile, where the sensing electrodes and the conducting traces are printed in the opposite sides of the substrate. The formation of vertical interconnected access is remarkably simple as an injection from a syringe. With the custom‐developed electronic circuits, a surface electromyography system with wireless data transmission is demonstrated. Furthermore, the dry e‐textile patch collects electroencephalography with comparable signal quality to commercial gel electrodes. It is anticipated that the two‐layered e‐textiles will be effective in healthcare and sports applications.
A Review of Inorganic Hole Transport Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Kung Po‐Kai , Li Ming‐Hsien , Lin Pei‐Ying , Chiang Yu‐Hsien , Chan Chia‐Ru , Guo Tzung‐Fang , Chen Peter 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis review presents various hole transport layers (HTLs) employed in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) in pursuing high power conversion efficiency (PCE) and functional stability. The PSCs have achieved high PCE (over 23%, certified by NREL) and more efforts have been devoted into research for stability enhancement. Inorganic HTLs become a popular choice as selective contact materials because of their intrinsic chemical stability and low cost. HTLs and electron transport layers (ETLs) are critical components of PSCs due to the requirement to create charge collection selectivity. Herein the authors provide an overview on inorganic HTLs synthesis, properties, and their application in various PSCs for both mesoporous and planar architectures. Inorganic HTLs with appropriate properties, such as proper energy level and high carrier mobility, can not only assist with charge transport, but also improve the stability of PSCs under ambient conditions. The importance of interfacial chemistry and interfacial charge transport is further addressed to understand the underlying mechanism of related degradation and carrier dynamic. It is expected that the success of the inorganic HTL in PSCs can stimulate further research and bring real impact for future photovoltaic technologies.
Hybrid Materials for Functional 3D Printing
Authors: Cooperstein Ido , Sachyani‐Keneth Ela , Shukrun‐Farrell Efrat , Rosental Tamar , Wang Xiaofeng , Kamyshny Alexander , Magdassi Shlomo 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis review focuses on the development of hybrid materials based on inorganic–organic compositions with improved and new functionalities, and their utilization for 3D printing of various devices: magnetic materials, flexible and stretchable materials for conductive and shape‐memory devices, materials for photonics and optics, materials with enhanced mechanical properties, and dielectric and piezoelectric materials. Various methods of functional 3D printing are briefly discussed.
Cobalt‐Catalyzed Reductive Coupling of Alkynes and Acrylates Bearing a Leaving Group: Construction of Cyclobutene Rings
Authors: Fujihara Tetsuaki , Kukita Susumu , Yagi Yuki , Kirihara Maho , Nogi Keisuke , Tsuji Yasushi 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis study reports a cobalt‐catalyzed synthesis of cyclobutenes using alkynes and acrylates bearing a leaving group at the α position. The cyclobutene formation was facilitated by an appropriate proton source. In the presence of a Lewis acid, acetonitrile participated in the reaction, affording the corresponding functionalized cyclobutenes.