bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid and robust identification of clinical isolates of Talaromyces marneffei based on MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry or dimorphism in Galleria mellonella
Authors: Borman Andrew M , Fraser Mark , Szekely Adrien , Johnson Elizabeth M 
Published: December 2018

AbstractTalaromyces marneffei is a thermally dimorphic fungal pathogen that causes serious infections particularly in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Although the mould form typically produces a characteristic red-diffusing pigment, and conidia from penicillate heads, several nonpathogenic Talaromyces/Penicillium species are morphologically and phenotypically similar. While those other species do not exhibit thermal dimorphism, conversion of T. marneffei to the distinctive fission yeast form in vitro is arduous and frequently incomplete. Here we show that T. marneffei can be rapidly and unambiguously discriminated from related nonpathogenic Talaromyces/Penicillium spp., either by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry or conversion to fission yeast after introduction into Galleria mellonella. Conversion of T. marneffei conidia to the fission yeast form in G. mellonella larvae occurred as early as 24 h post inoculation at 37oC. Identification by MALDI-TOF was possible after supplementation of the commercial Bruker database with in-house mass spectral profiles created from either the yeast or mycelial phase of T. marneffei. In addition, we show that in-house generated mass spectral profiles could be successfully used to identify T. marneffei with a recently published on-line MALDI-TOF database, circumventing the need to create extensive in-house additional databases for rarely encountered fungal pathogens.
A3-A3 Bypass Surgery for Aneurysm: Technical Nuances
Authors: Grigore Florina-Nicoleta , Amin-Hanjani Sepideh 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Cerebral bypass remains important for the treatment of complex cerebral aneurysms including dissecting, giant, and fusiform aneurysms not amenable to endovascular treatment or simple clip ligation. For such aneurysms involving the anterior communicating artery complex or its branches, distal anterior cerebral artery (ACA) A3-A3 side-to-side bypass represents a valuable treatment option. Distal ACA in situ anastomosis is recognized to be technically demanding mainly due to the relative depth and narrowness of the interhemispheric surgical corridor and type of anastomosis.

OBJECTIVE
To demonstrate technical nuances of A3-A3 side-to-side in situ bypass surgery through case illustrations and operative videos.

METHODS
Elements of the procedure relating to positioning, approach, and anastomosis which have evolved in the operative technique of the senior author were collated based on review of clinical case material, imaging and video recordings of ACA aneurysms treated with side-to-side in situ A3-A3 bypass procedure. Technical elements were contrasted with relevant literature.

RESULTS
Nuances relative to patient positioning, selection of craniotomy variants, adjunctive intraoperative tools and microsurgical nuances of the side-to-side bypass procedure are reviewed. Three illustrative operative video cases, along with illustrations, are provided to complement the description of the nuances.

CONCLUSION
In the light of the inherent technical difficulty, as well as the rather limited case volumes, the technical tips provided may contribute to bringing additional refinement and simplicity to the A3-A3 bypass procedure.
Underappreciated Utility of the Purse-String Suture in Head and Neck Skin Cancer Defect Reconstruction
Authors: Collett Tolbin , Smith Andrea , Liu Yuan F. , Bradford Benjamin , Yang Jin , Ardeshirpour Farhad , Inman Jared C. 
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND
The purse-string suture (PSS) is a simple, reversible method for reconstructing skin cancer defects. Its utility may be underappreciated in head and neck reconstructive surgery.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the utility of the PSS as an adjunct to the reconstructive ladder when reconstructing head and neck skin cancer defects.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
This prospective nonrandomized cohort included 109 consecutive adult patients with head and neck defects resulting from skin cancer resection. The PSS was placed in every patient after resection. Patients were evaluated before and after suture placement, and final reconstructive methods were recorded.

RESULTS
The PSS resulted in a mean defect area reduction of 77.1% (p < .001) and was used in the final reconstruction in 79 (72.5%) patients. The PSS reduced the number of patients requiring adjacent tissue transfer (11), regional tissue transfer (3), and free tissue transfer (1) by 69.4%, 70%, and 80%, respectively. Fifty patients underwent reconstruction in the operating room. After intraoperative placement of the PSS, it was determined that 22 (44.0%) of these defects could have been reconstructed in the clinic (p = .003).

CONCLUSION
The PSS dramatically reduces defect size, simplifies reconstructive techniques, and often permits reconstruction to be performed in the clinic rather than the operating room.
Postoperative Endophthalmitis Before and After Preferred Utilization of Prophylactic Intracameral Antibiotics for Phacoemulsification Cataract Surgeries at Cole Eye Institute
Authors: Li Ang , Shao Jack , Gans Richard , Bena James , Goshe Jeffrey 
Published: December 2018

Purpose:
To compare the rate of endophthalmitis of intracameral versus topical antibiotic prophylaxis for patients undergoing phacoemulsification at a single-centered, multispecialty ophthalmological institute.

Methods:
A retrospective analysis of the rate of endophthalmitis by coding search within 90 days of cataract surgery in periods before (May 15, 2012–May 15, 2014) and after (April 30, 2015–April 30, 2017) intracameral antibiotics became the institution's preferred practice pattern for phacoemulsification. Clinical data were collected for each endophthalmitis case, including timing of onset, presenting symptoms and signs, culture results, treatment performed, and visual acuity outcome.

Results:
The rate of postphacoemulsification endophthalmitis decreased from 0.18% (29 eyes among 16,201 cataract surgeries) to 0.07% (11 eyes among 16,325 surgeries) when the preferred method was changed from topical to intracameral antibiotics (P=0.004) with an odds ratio of 0.32. Endophthalmitis cases in the 2 groups had comparable visual acuity at initial presentation and at 3 months (P=0.86). The most commonly isolated organism in culture-proven cases of endophthalmitis in both groups was coagulase-negative staphylococcus. The rate of gram-positive endophthalmitis decreased from 0.08% to 0.02% with an odds ratio of 0.23 (P=0.012) while the rate of gram-negative cases remained similar.

Conclusions:
The use of intracameral antibiotics during cataract surgery was associated with a statistically significant reduction of postoperative endophthalmitis.
Crystalline Keratopathy in Post-LASIK Ectasia: A Case Report
Authors: Modabber Milad , Darvish-Zargar Mahshad , Breton Léo , Chung Doug D. , Duong Huong , Aldave Anthony J. , Choremis Johanna 
Published: December 2018

Purpose:
To report an unusual case of bilateral crystalline keratopathy presenting several years after a laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) procedure.

Methods:
Case report and review of the literature.

Results:
A healthy 42-year-old woman with post-LASIK ectasia, treated with long-term corneoscleral contact lenses, developed new-onset crystalline keratopathy in both eyes. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography demonstrated bilaterally symmetric paracentral rings of hyperreflectivity, involving the LASIK corneal flaps. There was good clearance of the corneoscleral contact lenses with no corneal–lens touch in all quadrants. There was no evidence of infectious or systemic etiologies. Genetic testing for the UBIAD1 gene for Schnyder corneal dystrophy was negative. Continued clinical observations have exhibited progressive corneal crystalline deposition, yet the patient has remained visually asymptomatic.

Conclusions:
This is the first known reported case of significantly delayed progressive noninfectious crystalline keratopathy in post-LASIK ectasia. The pathophysiology of this condition remains elusive to date and highlights the challenges of noninvasive diagnostic techniques and yet the utility of molecular genetic analysis in elucidating the etiology of this unique clinical presentation.
The Effects of Patient Care Results of Applied Nursing Intervention to Individuals With Stoma According to the Health Belief Model
Authors: Cengiz Burcu , Bahar Zuhal , Canda Aras Emre 
Published: December 2018

Background
Individuals who have undergone stoma surgery take time to adjust to the stoma, and their quality of life is decreasing.

Objective
The aim of this study was to examine the effects of home-based nursing interventions informed by the Health Belief Model on patient care outcomes for individuals having a stoma.

Methods
This pretest, posttest, and semiexperimental design with a control group included adults who underwent a stoma operation in the previous 3 months. In total, 30 were assigned to the experimental group and 31 to the control group. Study forms included a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Stoma Quality of Life Scale, the Ostomy Adjustment Inventory, and the Pittman Complication Severity Index.

Results
After home nursing interventions, there was a significant difference between the compliance rates of the individuals in the experimental group and the complication rates and cost averages (P < .05) with individuals in the control group; no significant difference in quality-of-life scores was found between the 2 groups.

Conclusion
In order to effectively support postoperative individuals following stoma surgery when they are released from the hospital, postdischarge follow-up care informed by the Health Belief Model components should be offered.

Implications for Practice
We recommend creating hospital-based, home care teams that follow individuals with a stoma for at least 6 months after discharge.
Traumatic Brain Injury in the General Population
Authors: Hale Andrew C. , Bohnert Kipling M. , Grekin Rebecca , Sripada Rebecca K. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a relatively prevalent and burdensome condition with significant public health cost; however, epidemiological studies of TBI in the United States have rarely used nationally representative samples or included measures of functioning. Data were obtained from the third wave of the National Epidemiological Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Of the 36,309 individuals surveyed, 193 (0.53% weighted) reported a past-year TBI. Results from weighted logistic regression modeling indicated that prior active duty military status, mood disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder, and nicotine use disorders were associated with greater odds of TBI. Annual household income greater than $20,000 was associated with lower odds of TBI. Regarding functioning, TBI was associated with greater impairment on SF-12 scales measuring mental and physical health and the organization subscale of the Executive Function Index. Results suggest that many individuals in the US population experience TBI each year and that such injuries are associated with impairment across multiple domains.
Relationships Between Meaning in Life, Dispositional Mindfulness, Perceived Stress, and Psychological Symptoms Among Chinese Patients With Gastrointestinal Cancer
Authors: Zhong Mengyu , Zhang Qian , Bao Junyi , Xu Wei 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This research examined the degree to which meaning in life explained the association between dispositional mindfulness and psychological symptoms. This was a survey research study with 292 patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Meaning in Life, dispositional mindfulness, psychological symptoms, and perceived stress were assessed. Results showed that consistent with theory and prior research, greater dispositional mindfulness was associated with less psychological symptoms and perceived stress. In addition, the results of the structural equation model verify that meaning in life mediates the association between dispositional mindfulness and perceived stress and psychological symptoms. Findings are consistent with logotheory and suggest that psychological symptoms may be reduced by addressing the impact of meaning in life.
Effect of Orthokeratology on Axial Length Elongation in Anisomyopic Children
Authors: Zhang Yu , Chen Yueguo 
Published: December 2018

SIGNIFICANCE
Anisomyopia is a natural experimental paradigm that compares dose response between fellow eyes. This study is the first to explore whether orthokeratology (ortho-k) has a dose-response effect on axial length growth and reduces the interocular difference in axial length in anisomyopic children.

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of ortho-k on axial length elongation between the fellow eyes of anisomyopic children.

METHODS
In this retrospective study, 49 anisomyopic children who wore ortho-k lenses were assigned to the anisomyopic ortho-k group. Based on the one-to-one match principle (same age and proximate spherical equivalent), high-isomyopic and low-isomyopic groups each enrolled 49 isomyopic children who wore ortho-k lenses with spherical equivalent similar to that of the more myopic eye and the less myopic eye in the anisomyopic ortho-k group, respectively. Forty-nine anisomyopic children who wore spectacles were enrolled in the anisomyopic spectacle group. At baseline and at 1- and 2-year visits, axial length was measured. Axial length elongation and interocular difference in axial length were compared.

RESULTS
In the anisomyopic ortho-k group, the less myopic eyes exhibited more axial length elongation than did the more myopic eyes during 1- and 2-year treatment periods (P < .01). However, there was no significant difference in axial length elongation between the fellow eyes in the isomyopic groups and anisomyopic spectacle group. At the 2-year visit, the interocular difference in axial length of children in the anisomyopic ortho-k group significantly decreased from 0.72 ± 0.34 to 0.56 ± 0.38 mm (P < .05). In contrast, ortho-k lens–wearing isomyopic children or spectacle-wearing anisomyopic children did not show a significant change in interocular difference in axial length.

CONCLUSIONS
Orthokeratology could reduce the amount of anisomyopia in children primarily through stronger myopia control in the more myopic eye.
Theoretical Study of Refraction Effects of Plano Ophthalmic Prisms
Authors: Atchison David A. , Suheimat Marwan 
Published: December 2018

SIGNIFICANCE
Nominally plano prisms can have appreciable refractive errors that exceed the usual prescribing step of 0.25 D, particularly when an eye rotates to view off-axis objects.

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to determine theoretically the refractive power effects of nominally plano-refracting power prisms.

METHODS
Plano prisms with zero refraction were designed for the as-worn condition. A basic method was developed to determine refractive effects in the presence of pantoscopic tilt. A refined method was developed that considers the eye rotating behind the lens, and this and the basic method were compared with accurate raytracing.

RESULTS
Plano prisms of 4 and 8 Δ were designed with astigmatic back surfaces to compensate for oblique incidence, and tangential and sagittal image vergence errors were investigated for base-up (BU) and base-down (BD) directions, 0 and −3.33 D object vergences, and pantoscopic tilts up to 10°. Basic and refined results did not differ from accurate results by more than 0.04 and 0.08 D, respectively. Errors for 8 Δ prisms were approximately twice those for 4 Δ prisms. Errors were approximately proportional to tilt. With 10° tilt, the errors ranged between −0.65 D/−0.23 D (8 Δ BD, −3.33 D object vergence) and +0.36 D/+0.15 D (8 Δ BU, 0 D object vergence). Sagittal errors were generally about one third of corresponding tangential errors. In the presence of tilt, BU prisms had positive errors, and BD prisms had similar, but negative, errors for distance objects. At −3.33 D object vergence with tilt, negative errors for BD were greater than positive errors for BU. When the eye rotates to look at objects at different positions, errors can increase beyond those occurring on-axis.

CONCLUSIONS
When designed for nontilted conditions, but then subjected to tilt or to viewing off-axis objects, plano prisms can have errors exceeding the usual prescribing step of 0.25 D.
Sex differences in the relationship between social difficulties and executive dysfunction in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Torske Tonje , Nærland Terje , Quintana Daniel S. , Hypher Ruth Elizabeth , Kaale Anett , Høyland Anne Lise , Hope Sigrun , Johannessen Jarle , Øie Merete G , Andreassen Ole A 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in boys is nearly four times higher than in girls, and the causes of this sex difference are not fully known. Difficulties in executive function may be involved in development of autistic symptomatology. Here we investigated sex differences in the relationship between executive function in everyday life and social dysfunction symptoms in a sample of 116 children (25 girls) aged 5-19 years with IQ above 70 and with a diagnosis of ASD. They were assessed with the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) and the Autism Diagnostic Interview Revised (ADI-R). We found no significant differences in BRIEF or ADI-R scores between girls and boys after correcting for multiple testing. Nested linear regression models revealed significant sex differences in the relationship between executive function and both reciprocal social interaction (p<0.001) and communication (p=0.001) over and above the main effects of age, sex, IQ and comorbid attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder diagnosis. We did not find sex differences in the relationship between executive dysfunction and restricted and repetitive behaviors. Altogether, our results provide a greater understanding of the sex-specific characteristics of ASD and may suggest that boys and girls can benefit from different intervention strategies.
Midfrontal theta phase coordinates behaviorally relevant brain computations during cognitive control
Authors: Duprez Joan , Gulbinaite Rasa , Cohen Michael X 
Published: December 2018

SummaryNeural oscillations are thought to provide a cyclic time frame for orchestrating brain computations. Following this assumption, midfrontal theta oscillations have recently been proposed to temporally organize brain computations during conflict processing. Using a multivariate analysis approach, we show that brain-behavior relationships during conflict tasks are modulated according to the phase of ongoing endogenous midfrontal theta oscillations recorded by scalp EEG. We found reproducible results in two independent datasets, using two different conflict tasks: brain-behavior relationships (correlation between reaction time and theta power) were theta phase-dependent in a subject-specific manner, and these “behaviorally optimal” theta phases were also associated with fronto-parietal cross-frequency dynamics emerging as theta phase-locked beta power bursts. These effects were present regardless of the strength of conflict. Thus, these results provide empirical evidence that midfrontal theta oscillations are involved in cyclically orchestrating brain computations likely related to response execution during the tasks rather than purely related to conflict processing. More generally, this study supports the hypothesis that phase-based computation is an important mechanism giving rise to cognitive processing.
Lifecycle-oriented framing of value at the front end of infrastructure projects
Authors: Martinsuo Miia Maarit , Vuorinen Lauri , Killen Catherine 
Published: December 2018

Purpose
Infrastructure projects are expected to deliver value to their stakeholders long after completion. Project value is multi-dimensional and subjective and evolves over the project lifecycle. How stakeholders frame the expected value is central to the public debate about proposed infrastructure projects and influences the financing decisions; however, this framing is inadequately understood. The purpose of this paper is to develop new knowledge for shaping infrastructure projects by identifying the ways in which stakeholders frame project value at the project front end.

Design/methodology/approach
Three transport infrastructure projects are compared in a qualitative, document-based study. The authors map the dimensions of value at the project front end and identify stakeholders’ approaches to lifecycle-oriented framing of value.

Findings
Financial, social and comparative values are dominant in the project front end. The authors frame value into positive and negative dimensions and identify four themes in the lifecycle-oriented framing of value, including uncertainties, timing of cost and benefit realization, project relations and external sponsorship.

Research limitations/implications
The research is limited through the focus on transport infrastructure projects and project front end only, the selection of cases from a single country and the use of document-based data. The systematic analysis approach has yielded novel analytical frameworks that will be useful for further research.

Practical implications
This study identifies value dimensions that are specific to transport infrastructure projects and proposes a framework to assist stakeholders and project managers to better assess and negotiate value when designing their projects.

Originality/value
Regional and comparative values are revealed as novel aspects of value specific to infrastructure projects. The alternative lifecycle-oriented frames offer a new way to understand and structure the co-creation of value and shape negotiation for investment decisions in the project. A portfolio perspective to investment decision making is proposed.
Prevalence and Associations Between Related Factors and Defining Characteristics of the Nursing Diagnosis Sedentary Lifestyle in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: da Silva Costa Laís , de Lima Lopes Juliana , Takáo Lopes Camila , Batista Santos Vinicius , Lúcia Bottura Leite de Barros Alba 
Published: December 2018

PURPOSETo identify the prevalence of Sedentary Lifestyle (SL) and associations between its defining characteristics (DC) and related factors (RF) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).DATA SOURCES123 patients with ACS were assessed for SL through the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Associations between DC and RF was investigated by Pearson's Chi square and Fisher's exact test.DATA SYNTHESIS56.1% had SL. Insufficient motivation and Insufficient resources for physical activity were associated with two DC.CONCLUSIONSL was frequent and there were associations between RF and DC.IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICEMulti‐professional interventions should aim at motivating patients to adopt physical activities.