bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Nobody Ever Asks Me:” A Reproductive Justice Approach to Rural Health Disparities
Authors: Smith Ellie , Sundstrom Beth , DeMaria Andrea L. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractRural women within the southern United States face complex challenges when attempting to access reproductive health care. A reproductive justice framework provides an intersectional approach to understanding the experiences of women from varying backgrounds. Researchers conducted 52 in‐depth interviews with women aged 18–44 years in rural South Carolina to understand perceived reproductive health care barriers through a reproductive justice framework. Interviews were analyzed using a constant‐comparative method with qualitative data analysis software HyperRESEARCH 3.7.2. Reproductive justice served as the conceptual lens. Participants noted barriers to reproductive health care including cost, poor quality of care, and long wait times. Participants described confidentiality concerns and lack of facilities. Insufficient access to health care for women in conjunction with racial and cultural norms revealed intersectionality between gender and race. Participants reported limited autonomy over health decisions due to generational habits of not seeking care and predetermined attitudes toward health, influencing social capital and access to care. Findings suggest the need for grassroots organizing to shift the focus from reproductive rights to reproductive justice, facilitating autonomous health decisions and supportive environments to exercise decision making. Robust understandings of women's lived experiences offer insights to addressing health barriers in rural communities.
Haematological adverse events associated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors in chronic myeloid leukaemia: A network meta‐analysis
Authors: Fachi Mariana M. , Tonin Fernanda S. , Leonart Leticia P. , Rotta Inajara , Fernandez‐Llimos Fernando , Pontarolo Roberto 
Published: March 2019

AimsDespite their overall favourable safety profile, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are related to severe adverse events including haematological toxicities such as anaemia, leucopenia, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. We designed a systematic review and network meta‐analysis of randomised controlled trials to compare safety among TKIs (bosutinib, dasatinib, imatinib, nilotinib, ponatinib and radotinib) used by patients diagnosed with chronic myeloid leukaemia.MethodsWe obtained data from the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and SciELO databases. The Bayesian approach was used for direct and indirect comparisons, and the treatments were ranked by the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA).ResultsSeventeen studies were included in the network meta‐analysis. Our data show that dasatinib was generally considered worse than the other TKIs, with SUCRA values ​​for 140 mg dasatinib of 90.3% for anaemia, 87.4% for leucopenia, 90.6% for neutropenia and 97.2% for thrombocytopenia. In addition, nilotinib was shown to be safer, with SUCRA values ​​for 600 and 800 mg doses of 21.9 and 35.8% for anaemia, 23.8 and 14.6% for leucopenia, 33.0 and 17.7% for neutropenia, and 28.7 and 32.6% for thrombocytopenia, respectively.ConclusionDasatinib appeared as the least safe drug for chronic myeloid leukaemia, probably because it binds to multiple key kinase targets, being more prone to cause serious haematological adverse events. Nilotinib demonstrated a safer profile, mostly due to its selective binding capacity.
A Toll‐like receptor 2 genetic variant modulates occurrence of bacterial infections in patients with sickle cell disease
Authors: Tozatto‐Maio Karina , Girot Robert , Ly Indou D. , Rocha Vanderson , Silva Pinto Ana C. , Diagne Ibrahima , Benzerara Yahia , Dinardo Carla L. , Kashima Simone , Leston‐Araujo Itauá , Kenzey Chantal , Fonseca Guilherme H. H. , Rodrigues Evandra S. , Volt Fernanda , Jarduli Luciana R. , Ruggeri Annalisa , Mariaselvam Christina M. , Gualandro Sandra F. M. , Elayoubi Hanadi , Cunha Renato , Cappelli Barbara , Malmegrim Kelen C. R. , Simões Belinda P. , Gluckman Eliane , Tamouza Ryad 
Published: March 2019

SummaryDespite adequate immunization and penicillin prophylaxis, bacterial infections remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). Besides hyposplenism, inflammatory and genetic factors might modulate their susceptibility to bacterial infections. We performed a candidate gene association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in Toll‐like receptor (TLR) genes, encoding prominent molecules for innate immune responses, with the occurrence of bacterial infections in patients withSCD. A cohort followed in centres in Brazil, France and Senegal (n = 430) was divided in two groups: patients who presented at least one episode of bacterial infection (n = 235) and patients who never had bacterial infections (n = 195). There were no differences in gender or age distribution among the groups. The frequency of theTLR2rs4696480TAgenotype was significantly lower in the infected group (50% vs. 67%, odds ratio [OR] = 0·50, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0·34–0·75,P < 0·001), and theTTgenotype was significantly higher in the infected group (15% vs. 5%,OR = 3·18, 95%CI1·53–6·61,P < 0·001). Previous reports demonstrated higher secretion of inflammatory factors in cells fromAAindividuals, lower occurrence and severity of immune diseases in T carriers. The rs4696480TAgenotype might stand between deleterious effects of over inflammatory response (AAgenotype) and inefficient responses (TTgenotype) to infectious agents inSCDsettings.
Incidence and survival outcomes in patients with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma diagnosed with variant histology and treated with nephroureterectomy
Authors: Zamboni Stefania , Foerster Beat , Abufaraj Mohammad , Seisen Thomas , Roupret Morgan , Colin Pierre , De la Taille Alexandre , Di Bona Carlo , Peyronnet Benoit , Bensalah Karim , Herout Roman , Wirth Manfred Peter , Novotny Vladimir , Soria Francesco , Chlosta Piotr , Antonelli Alessandro , Simeone Claudio , Baumeister Philipp , Mattei Agostino , Montorsi Francesco , Simone Giuseppe , Gallucci Michele , Matsumoto Kazumasa , Karakiewicz Pierre I. , Briganti Alberto , Xylinas Evanguelos , Shariat Shahrokh F. , Moschini Marco ,   Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma Collaboration Group,   the European Association of Urology ‐ Young Academic Urologists (EAU‐YAU), Urothelial carcinoma working group
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveTo evaluate the incidence and survival outcomes of histological variants of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) treated with radical nephroureterectomy (RNU).Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively analysed data from 1610 patients treated with RNU for clinically non‐metastatic UTUC between 1990 and 2016 in several centres participating in the UTUC Collaboration. Histological variants were classified as micropapillary, squamous, sarcomatoid and other, including other rare variants (<10 cases for each). Multivariable competing risk analyses were conducted to assess the effect of variant histology on overall recurrence and cancer‐specific mortality (CSM).ResultsOverall, 1460 patients (91%) had pure urothelial carcinoma (PUC), whereas 150 (9%) were diagnosed with a variant histology, including 89 (5.0%), 41 (2.0%), 10 (1.0%) and 10 (1.0%) cases of micropapillary, squamous, sarcomatoid and other tumours, respectively. Variant histology was associated with the presence of adverse pathological features compared with PUC, including non‐organ‐confined disease (59% vs 38%; P < 0.001), lymph node invasion (28% vs 24%; P = 0.02), high‐grade disease (88% vs 71%; P < 0.001), tumour necrosis (28% vs 16%; P = 0.001) and positive surgical margins (15% vs 8%; P = 0.01). In competing risk analysis, micropapillary variant was the only factor associated with worse recurrence (sub‐hazard ratio [SHR] 2.27, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.25–4.79; P = 0.02) whereas sarcomatoid variant was associated with worse CSM (SHR 16.8, 95% CI 6.86–41.17; P < 0.001).ConclusionWe found that one out of 10 patients with UTUC treated with RNU had variant histology. Only micropapillary and sarcomatoid variants were associated with poorer oncological outcomes after adjusting for available confounding factors.
Traumatic renal injury in a UK major trauma centre – current management strategies and the role of early re‐imaging
Authors: Aldiwani Mohammed , Georgiades Fanourios , Omar Ismail , Angel‐Scott Helena , Tharakan Tharu , Vale Justin , Mayer Erik 
Published: March 2019

ObjectivesTo analyse the contemporary management of renal injuries in a UK major trauma centre and to evaluate the utility and value of re‐imaging.Patients and methodsThe prospectively maintained ‘Trauma Audit and Research Network’ database was interrogated to identify patients with urinary tract injuries between January 2014 and December 2017. Patients’ records and imaging were reviewed to identify injury grades, interventions, outcomes, and follow‐up.ResultsRenal injury was identified in 90 patients (79 males and 11 females). The mean (sd; range) age was 35.5 (17.4; 1.5–94) years. Most of the renal traumas were caused by blunt mechanisms (74%). The overall severity of injuries was: 18 (20%) Grade I, 19 (21%) Grade II, 27 (30%) Grade III, 22 (24%) Grade IV, and four (4%) Grade V. Most patients (84%) were managed conservatively. Early intervention (<24 h) was performed in 14 patients (16%) for renal injuries. Most of these patients were managed by interventional radiology techniques (nine of 14). Only two patients required an emergency nephrectomy, both of whom died from extensive polytrauma. In all, 19 patients underwent laparotomy for other injuries and did not require renal exploration. The overall 30‐day mortality was 13%. Re‐imaging was performed in 66% of patients at an average time of 3.4 days from initial scan. The majority of re‐imaging was planned (49 patients) and 12% of these scans demonstrated a relevant finding (urinoma, pseudoaneurysm) that altered management in three of the 49 patients (6.1%).ConclusionNon‐operative management is the mainstay for all grades of injury. Haemodynamic instability and persistent urine leak are primary indications for intervention. Open surgical management is uncommon. Repeat imaging after injury is advocated for stable patients with high‐grade renal injuries (Grade III–V), although more research is needed to determine the optimal timing.
A novel interleukin‐13 receptor alpha 2‐targeted hybrid peptide for effective glioblastoma therapy
Authors: Kurihara Ryohsuke , Horibe Tomohisa , Shimizu Eiko , Torisawa Aya , Gaowa Arong , Kohno Masayuki , Kawakami Koji 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe previously designed and reported a novel class of drugs, namely hybrid peptides, which are chemically synthesized and composed of a targeted binding peptide and a lytic‐type peptide containing cationic amino acid residues that cause cancer cell death. In the present study, we screened for peptides that bind to interleukin‐13 receptor alpha 2 (IL‐13Rα2) by using a T7 random peptide phage display library system and isolated several positive phage clones. The A2b11 peptide, which was one of the positive clones, was shown to bind to IL‐13Rα2 protein by Biacore analysis and a binding assay using glioblastoma (GB) cell lines. This peptide was linked with a lytic peptide containing a linker sequence to form the IL‐13Rα2–lytic hybrid peptide. The IL‐13Rα2–lytic hybrid peptide showed cytotoxic activity against GB cell lines in vitro. The IL‐13Rα2–lytic hybrid peptide also affected Akt and Erk1/2 activation following treatment with interleukin‐13 and induced rapid ATP dynamics in GB cells. Anti‐tumor activity of the IL‐13Rα2–lytic hybrid peptide was observed in vivo after intratumoral injection in a mouse xenograft model of human GB cells. These results suggest that the IL‐13Rα2–lytic hybrid peptide might be a potent therapeutic option for patients with GB.
Bexarotene‐induced hypothyroidism: Characteristics and therapeutic strategies
Authors: Makita Noriko , Manaka Katsunori , Sato Junichiro , Mitani Koji , Nangaku Masaomi , Iiri Taroh 
Published: March 2019

SummaryObjectiveCentral hypothyroidism (CH) is a well‐known adverse effect of bexarotene treatment for cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma (CTCL). While concomitant levothyroxine therapy is recommended in these cases, associations between ethnic variation or susceptibility and bexarotene‐induced CH have not yet been reported. This study aimed to characterize the kinetics and dose dependency of bexarotene‐induced CH in Japanese patients.Design and patientsSixty‐six Japanese patients with CTCL were retrospectively investigated by evaluating thyroid function during the early phase of bexarotene therapy.ResultsAt one week after bexarotene initiation, TSH and FT4 values significantly declined. However, this effect was not bexarotene dose‐dependent at least at the dose of 96‐320 mg/m2. Approximately 1 month later, 61 patients exhibited hypothyroidism at a relatively low dose of bexarotene (average 251 mg/m2/day). Forty‐five study cases showed this effect at 1 week. Simple regression analyses indicated that higher pretreatment TSH values (at a cut‐off value of 1.30:73% sensitivity, 57% specificity) or lower normal (within the lower half of the reference range) pretreatment FT4 values (84% sensitivity, 57% specificity) were predictive of hypothyroidism at 1 week. The remaining 21 cases showed euthyroidism at 1 week, at which TSH values may roughly predict their thyroid function at 1 month (at a cut‐off value of 0.05:100% sensitivity, 80% specificity).ConclusionsPreventive treatment with levothyroxine is recommended for Japanese CTCL patients prior to bexarotene therapy. Minimally, it should be considered for patients with a pretreatment TSH above 1.30, a lower normal pretreatment FT4, or a TSH below 0.05 at 1 week.
Angiotropism in primary cutaneous melanoma is associated with disease progression and distant metastases: A retrospective study of 179 cases
Authors: Moy Andrea P. , Duncan Lyn M. , Muzikansky Alona , Kraft Stefan 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundAngiotropism is the histopathological correlate of pericytic mimicry and extravascular migratory metastasis (EVMM), a mechanism of melanoma spread by migration along the external surface of blood and lymphatic vessels. The frequency of angiotropism in primary cutaneous melanoma and the clinical utility of its detection remain unclear.MethodsWe investigated angiotropism in 179 primary cutaneous melanomas by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), CD31, and S100/D240 stains.ResultsWe detected angiotropism in 31 cases (17%) by H&E. CD31 immunohistochemistry increased detection to 59 cases (33%). When lymphatic vessels were included by using S100/D240 stains, 67 cases (37%) cases were positive. Angiotropism was associated with lymphatic invasion and mitotic rate with all detection methods. There was an association with increased tumor thickness when detected by H&E and CD31. No association with sentinel lymph node status was seen. By H&E and CD31 staining, angiotropism was associated with disease progression and distant metastases by univariate, but not multivariate analysis. Overall survival was not affected by the presence of angiotropism.ConclusionsAngiotropism is relatively common in primary melanoma when immunohistochemical stains are used for detection and associated with mitotic rate and intravascular lymphatic invasion. The association with disease progression and distant metastasis suggests that it represents an alternative pathway of metastasis, that is, EVMM/pericytic mimicry vs intravascular spread.
The role of production abilities in the perception of consonant category in infants
Authors: Vilain Anne , Dole Marjorie , Lœvenbruck Hélène , Pascalis Olivier , Schwartz Jean‐Luc 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe influence of motor knowledge on speech perception is well established, but the functional role of the motor system is still poorly understood. The present study explores the hypothesis that speech production abilities may help infants discover phonetic categories in the speech stream, in spite of coarticulation effects. To this aim, we examined the influence of babbling abilities on consonant categorization in 6‐ and 9‐month‐old infants. Using an intersensory matching procedure, we investigated the infants’ capacity to associate auditory information about a consonant in various vowel contexts with visual information about the same consonant, and to map auditory and visual information onto a common phoneme representation. Moreover, a parental questionnaire evaluated the infants’ consonantal repertoire. In a first experiment using /b/–/d/ consonants, we found that infants who displayed babbling abilities and produced the /b/ and/or the /d/ consonants in repetitive sequences were able to correctly perform intersensory matching, while non‐babblers were not. In a second experiment using the /v/–/z/ pair, which is as visually contrasted as the /b/–/d/ pair but which is usually not produced at the tested ages, no significant matching was observed, for any group of infants, babbling or not. These results demonstrate, for the first time, that the emergence of babbling could play a role in the extraction of vowel‐independent representations for consonant place of articulation. They have important implications for speech perception theories, as they highlight the role of sensorimotor interactions in the development of phoneme representations during the first year of life.
How do telecommunications reforms affect labour market arrangements? Evidence from Central and Western Europe
Authors: Vazquez Emmanuel , Winkler Hernan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis paper exploits variations in the timing of telecommunications reforms across Europe to investigate the relationship between the rise of alternative work arrangements and the emergence of the Internet. We evaluate whether sectors that are technologically more dependent on information and communication technologies (ICT) experienced disproportionately larger changes in their employment outcomes after telecommunications reforms were introduced. Our main results point to a disproportionate increase in total employment, part‐time work and home‐based work among ICT‐dependent sectors after the implementation of telecommunications reforms. These results suggest that telecommunications reforms affected labour market arrangements by fostering the adoption of ICT. The results are robust to several specifications.
Thoracoscopic pericardiectomy: A feasibility study and impact on cardiac volumetry in healthy horses
Authors: Silva‐Meirelles J. R. , Meirelles G. P. , de Castro M. L. , Souto A. P. F. , Brüler B. C. , Vilani R. , Guedes R. L. , Gonçalves Sousa M. , Dornbusch P. T. 
Published: March 2019

SummaryThis study was conceived to evaluate the feasibility of a thoracoscopic technique intended for partial pericardiectomy in horses and how cardiac volumes are influenced by such procedure in an immediate and mid‐term perspective. Thoracoscopic pericardiectomy, which is known as a minimally invasive technique, was performed in six healthy horses. Echocardiographic evaluation was performed in every horse at different times, before and after the procedure. According to the area‐length method, the following parameters were evaluated: maximum left atrial volume, minimum left atrial volume, left ventricular volume in systole and left ventricular volume in diastole. These variables were used to calculate the ejection fraction of the left atrium and left ventricle. After 28 days, repeated thoracoscopy was performed to inspect the thoracic cavity. Pericardiectomy was successfully performed in all horses, with post‐operative complication documented in only one animal. After 28 days, adhesion was observed in two animals, located between the epicardium and the thoracic wall, without however impairing cardiac function. Pericardial window was broad and well delimited in all horses, without impairing cardiac function. The thoracoscopic pericardiectomy was feasible in all horses. Although a mild reduction in cardiac volumes was documented in the first 72 h after surgery, the procedure did not impair cardiac filling and emptying in the mid‐term perspective. Future studies are warranted to investigate how this technique performs in horses with pericardial diseases.
Matrix remodelling and MMP expression/activation are associated with hidradenitis suppurativa skin inflammation
Authors: Sanchez Julia , Le Jan Sébastien , Muller Céline , François Caroline , Renard Yohan , Durlach Anne , Bernard Philippe , Reguiai Ziad , Antonicelli Frank 
Published: March 2019

AbstractHidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa (HS) is a chronic, inflammatory, recurrent, debilitating skin disease of the hair follicle, associated with considerable tissue remodelling. Although abnormal cytokine expression was detected both in perilesional and in uninvolved skin, up to now there is no model allowing a better understanding of the implicit inflammatory mechanisms in HS. The aim of this study was to investigate the inflammatory response in HS skin by mean of an ex vivo model culture. To that purpose, nine skin biopsy specimens from patients suffering from HS and controls were cultured up to 4 days. Microscopy imaging investigations showed variations of collagen I and III organization, and an increase in elastin fibres fragmentation in HS skin after 4 days of culture. The HS matrix structure remodelling was associated with high level of MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 in HS lesional skin. After 4 days of culture, the MMP expression in HS perilesional skin reached the level observed in HS lesional skin. Concomitantly, an increase in IL‐1β concentration was observed in all skin samples after 4 days of culture, although IL‐1β concentrations remained significantly higher in HS lesional skin as compared with control skin. Meanwhile, neither IL‐17 concentrations nor the inflammasome components NLRP3 and caspase‐1 varied. Thus, our HS skin model culture showed that MMP‐induced matrix alteration could participate in HS inflammation by releasing biological active peptides and inflammatory factors from the extracellular matrix (ECM), and open new opportunities to investigate the regulation of the inflammatory mechanism associated with HS.
A potential link between desmoglein 3 and epidermal growth factor receptor in oral squamous cell carcinoma and its effect on cetuximab treatment efficacy
Authors: Minabe Masaki , Akiyama Yurie , Higa Kazunari , Tachikawa Tetsuhiko , Takahashi Shinichi , Nomura Takeshi , Kouno Michiyoshi 
Published: March 2019

AbstractDesmoglein (DSG) 3 is overexpressed in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor cetuximab is widely used for OSCC treatment. Several evidences suggest a correlation between DSG3 and EGFR in epidermal keratinocytes. EGFR inhibition has been shown to enhance cell‐cell adhesion and induce terminal differentiation in epidermal cells. Thus, here we investigated the DSG3‐EGFR interaction in OSCC and its effect on cetuximab treatment. Cell lines established from the primary tumor and metastatic lymph nodes of four OSCC patients and three commercial OSCC cell lines were used for the experiments. Cells from metastatic lymph nodes of each patient expressed increased DSG3 and EGFR than cells from the primary tumor in the same patient. Cetuximab treatment increased DSG3 expression by up to 3.5‐fold in seven of the 11 cell lines. A high calcium concentration increased the expression of DSG3 and EGFR in a dose‐dependent manner. Strikingly, a high calcium‐associated DSG3 induction enhanced cetuximab efficacy by up to 23% increase in cetuximab‐low‐sensitive cell lines. Our findings also suggest a correlation between DSG3 and EGFR in OSCC, and this affects cetuximab treatment efficacy.