bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MOZ directs the distal-less homeobox gene expression program during craniofacial development
Authors: Vanyai Hannah K. , Garnham Alexandra , May Rose E. , McRae Helen M. , Collin Caitlin , Wilcox Stephen , Smyth Gordon K. , Thomas Tim , Voss Anne K. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Oral clefts are common birth defects. Individuals with oral clefts who have identical genetic mutations regularly present with variable penetrance and severity. Epigenetic or chromatin-mediated mechanisms are commonly invoked to explain variable penetrance. However, specific examples of these are rare. Two functional copies of the MOZ (KAT6A, MYST3) gene, encoding a MYST family lysine acetyltransferase chromatin regulator, are essential for human craniofacial development, but the molecular role of MOZ in this context is unclear. Using genetic interaction and genomic studies, we have investigated the effects of loss of MOZ on the gene expression program during mouse development. Among the more than 500 genes differentially expressed after loss of MOZ, 19 genes had previously been associated with cleft palates. These included four distal-less homeobox (DLX) transcription factor-encoding genes, Dlx1, Dlx2, Dlx3 and Dlx5 and DLX target genes (including Barx1, Gbx2, Osr2 and Sim2). MOZ occupied the Dlx5 locus and was required for normal levels of histone H3 lysine 9 acetylation. MOZ affected Dlx gene expression cell-autonomously within neural crest cells. Our study identifies a specific program by which the chromatin modifier MOZ regulates craniofacial development.
Further Studies on Ni/Zr-mediated One-pot Ketone Synthesis: Use of a Mixture of NiI- and NiII-catalysts Greatly Improves the Molar Ratio of Coupling Partners
Authors: Umehara Atsushi , Kishi Yoshito 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
A new Ni/Zr-mediated one-pot ketone synthesis is developed, with use of a mixture of (Me)3tpy·NiII- and py-(Me)imid·NiIICl2-catalysts. The NiI-catalyst selectively activates iodides, whereas the NiII-catalyst activates thio-pyridine esters. An adjustment of a relative loading of the two catalysts allows to tune the relative rate of the two activations and trap a short-lived radical intermediate(s) efficiently. Thus, the new method makes one-pot ketone synthesis highly effective even with a 1:1 mixture of the coupling partners. The synthetic value of the new method is demonstrated with the C-C bond formation at the final stage of a convergent halichondrin-synthesis.
Mobilising knowledge in public health: reflections on ten years of collaborative working in Fuse, the Centre for Translational Research in Public Health
Authors: van der Graaf Peter , Cheetham Mandy , Lake Amelia , Welford Mark , Rushmer Rosemary , Shucksmith Janet , Rhodes Avril 
Published: July 2019

Background: Fuse was established in 2008 as one of five public health research centres of excellence in the UK funded by the UK Clinical Research Centres collaboration. The centre works across five universities in the North East of England. This is an innovative collaboration and enables the pooling of research expertise. A prime focus of the centre is not just the production of excellent research, but also its translation into usable evidence, a dual focus that remains uncommon.
Aims/objectives: This practice paper outlines Fuse’s approach to knowledge exchange (KE) by reflecting on ten years of collaborative research between academics and policy and practice partners in the North East of England. We will describe the principles and assumption underlying our approach and outline a conceptual model of four steps in Fuse’s KE process to develop collaborative research and achieve meaningful impact on policy and practice.
Key conclusions: Our model describes a fluid and dynamic approach to knowledge exchange broken down in four steps in the KE process that are concurrent, iterative and vary in intensity over time: awareness raising; knowledge sharing; making evidence fit for purpose; and supporting uptake and implementation of evidence. These steps support the relational context of KE. Relationship building and maintenance is essential for all stages of KE to develop trust and explore the meaning and usefulness of evidence in a multi-directional information flow that supports the co-creating and application of evidence.
Intrinsic risk factors for gross motor delay in children aged 6-24 months
Authors: Hanrahan Joanna Erin , Mangunatmadja Irawan 
Published: July 2019

Background. Gross motor is one of the skill domain with the highest parental concern as mastering it determines the autonomy of a child. Several internal risk factors including perinatal asphyxia, prematurity, low birth weight, wide fontanelle, and microcephaly have been studied in predicting gross motor delay with varied results. This study is made to arrange a strategic intervention on the prevention of delayed development.
Objective. To evaluate perinatal asphyxia, gestation age <37 weeks, birth weight <2500 grams, microcephaly, and wide fontanelle as predictors of gross motor delay in children aged 6-24 months.
Methods. A case control study design was used. Data collection was conducted by direct assessment of gross motor skill and parents’ interview in Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital and Anakku Clinic, South Jakarta. Children with gross motor delay were included in the case group and children with normal gross motor were included in the control group. Data was analyzed using bivariate and multivariate analysis with a statistical significance value of P<0.05 and 95% confidence intervals.
Results. One hundred and twenty-six subjects were studied, with 63 children in the case group and 63 children in the control group. Baseline characteristics of subjects were similar between the two groups. Microcephaly and gestation age <37 weeks were predictors of gross motor delay [(aOR 4.613 (95% CI 95 2.023 to 10.521, P<0.001) and (aOR 3.668 (95% CI 1.153 to 11.673, P=0.028), respectively].
Conclusion. Microcephaly and gestation age <37 weeks are significant predictors of gross motor delay in children aged 6-24 months.
Correlation of serum level of albumin with platelet count and platelet aggregation assessed by adenosine diphosphate agonist in children with nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Nainggolan Andar Laura , Sudarwati Sri , Hilmanto Dany 
Published: July 2019

Background Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is the most common renal disease among children, and contributes to life-threatening complications such as thromboembolic disease. Platelets are considered to be important agents in thrombotic events among NS patients. The gold standard assessment for platelet aggregation is the use of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) agonist, however, it is expensive and not accessible in smaller health facilities. Thus, other thrombosis parameters are needed. Previous studies suggested that low albumin increased the risk of thrombosis in NS patients.
Objective To assess for a possible correlation between albumin level and platelet count as well as platelet aggregation.
Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in children with nephrotic syndrome who were admitted to the Pediatric Nephrology Department in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, West Java, from November 2017 to March 2018. Subjects were selected by consecutive sampling. Serum albumin, platelet count, and platelet aggregation were measured. Statistical analysis was conducted by Spearman’s test.
Results A total of 32 patients participated in the study, with mean age of 109 (SD 7.4) months. Most subjects were male (56%). Subjects’ mean serum albumin level was 2.06 (SD 1.23) g/dL; mean platelet count was 453,062.5 (SD 187,443.90)/mm3; and mean platelet aggregation values for ADP agonist concentrations of 10, 5, 2.5, and 1 mM were 86.8 (SD 8.63)%, 82.4 (SD 15.33)%, 66.6 (SD 24.90)%, 34.95 (SD 31.69)%, respectively. Partial correlation analysis revealed significant negative associations between albumin and platelet count as well as platelet aggregation assessed with 1 mM of ADP concentration (P<0.001), with Spearman correlation coefficients of -0.641 and -0.634, respectively.
Conclusion Serum albumin level had a moderately negative correlation with platelet count and platelet aggregation value.
Intragastric Balloons: An Emerging Therapy for Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis and Fibrosis?
Authors: Jirapinyo Pichamol , Cenaj Odise , Ryou Marvin , Thompson Christopher C. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Weight loss through lifestyle intervention remains the mainstay treatment for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Nevertheless, only a minority of patients undergoing lifestyle intervention are able to achieve the weight loss threshold that reverses NASH histologic features. This case report demonstrates a minimally invasive method of treating NASH using an intragastric balloon. With endoscopic ultrasound-guided liver biopsy at the time of intragastric balloon removal, we demonstrate a significant improvement in NASH histologic features including steatosis, ballooning, lobular inflammation, and fibrosis. This endoscopic method may offer an alternative solution to patients with NASH who fail lifestyle intervention.
Association of HIF-1α and NDRG2 expression with EMT in gastric cancer tissues
Authors: Wang Ren-Xiang , Ou Xia-Wan , Kang Ma-Fei , Zhou Zu-Ping 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the differences in the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2 (NDRG2) and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins in normal gastric tissues, gastric cancer tissues and lymph node metastasis.MethodsImmunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of HIF-1α, NDRG2, E-cadherin, Snail and Twist in normal gastric tissues, gastric cancer tissues and lymph node metastasis.ResultsIn normal gastric tissues, HIF-1α was not expressed, NDRG2 was highly expressed. There was a significant between the expression of NDRG2 and Snail, as well as of NDRG2 and Twist. In gastric cancer tissues, there was no statistically difference between the expression of HIF-1α and E-cadherin, NDRG2 and E-cadherin. However, there was a significant difference in expression between the expression of HIF-1α and Snail, HIF-1α and Twist, NDRG2 and Snail, and NDRG2 and Twist. In lymph node metastasis tissues, we show that HIF-1α was highly expressed, while NDRG2 was not, and the difference between the expression of HIF-1α and E-cadherin, HIF-1α and Snail, HIF-1α and Twist was not significant.ConclusionHIF-1α may promote EMT, possibly by inhibiting the expression of NDRG2.
Identification of Leaf Rust Resistance Genes in Selected Wheat Cultivars and Development of Multiplex PCR
Authors: Tomkowiak Agnieszka , Skowrońska Roksana , Buda Alicja , Kurasiak-Popowska Danuta , Nawracała Jerzy , Kowalczewski Przemysław Łukasz , Pluta Mateusz , Radzikowska Dominika 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTen leading wheat cultivars originating from the Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute (IHAR) - National Research Institute (Poland) and the Department of Gene Bank (Czech Republic) were used to establish a field experiment in 2017 and 2018 at the Dłoń Experimental Farm. The analyzed wheat genotypes were characterized by diversified field resistance to leaf rust. Jubilatka, Thatcher and Sparta were the most resistant cultivars in field conditions in both 2017 and 2018. The aim of the work was to identify the Lr11, L13, Lr16 and Lr26 genes encoding resistance to leaf rust using molecular SSR markers (wmc24, wmc261, Xgwm630, Xwmc764 and P6M12) and to develop multiplex PCR conditions to accelerate identification of these genes. Markers of three leaf rust resistance genes have been identified simultaneously in these cultivars. Jubilatka, Thatcher and Sparta cultivars may serve as a good source of the analyzed leaf rust resistance genes. In addition, multiplex PCR conditions have been developed for the simultaneous identification of the Lr11 and Lr16 and Lr11 and Lr26 gene pairs.
The diagnostic efficacy of thrombelastography (TEG) in patients with preeclampsia and its association with blood coagulation
Authors: Lidan He , Jianbo Wu , Liqin Gao , Jifen Hu , Lin Lu , Xiuyan Wu 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic efficacy of thrombelastography (TEG) in patients with preeclampsia.MethodsOne hundred and seventeen pregnant women were recruited from Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of 1st affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University. Of the 117 patients, 59 were normal late gestation (control group), 32 were mild preeclampsia and other 26 cases were severe preeclampsia. All the patients were received thrombelastography (including: K time, Reaction time, Clot angel, MA value, CI value) and blood coagulation examination (including: PT, APTT, Fib, TT, D-dimer and AT-III).ResultsThe R time, K time, Coagulation Index value and Clot Angle in preeclampsia group were significant different between control and preeclampsia groups with statistical difference (p<0.05). Moreover, the R and K time value in severe preeclampsia group were significant higher than those of control groups (p<0.05); however, the Coagulation Index value and Clot Angle in severe preeclampsia group were significant higher than those of mild preeclampsia group with statistical difference (p<0.05). Coagulation Index had the highest diagnostic sensitivity [87.93 (76.70-95.01) %] and specificity [83.83 (79.17-96.18)%] compared to other parameters with the AUC of 0.94 (0.90-0.98). The K time and the Coagulation Index had the highest diagnostic sensitivity (96.15%) and specificity (0.75%) respectively with the AUC of 0.68 and 0.75 respectively in differential diagnosis of severe preeclampsia from mild preeclampsia. However, there were no statistical difference in the aspects of platelet count and parameters relevant to coagulation test for the control, mild and sever preeclampsia groups(p>0.05).ConclusionTEG provides more accurate information in monitoring the blood coagulation of preeclampsia patients and can be used as a reliable marker for assessing the severity of preeclampsia.
CB2 receptor agonist JWH133 activates AMPK to inhibit growth of C6 glioma cells
Authors: Wang Feng , Wang Jing , Zhao Tong , Zhang Yi , Li Qian 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIt has been reported that endocannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2) agonist JWH133 inhibits the growth of C6 glioma cells, but the underlying mechanism has not yet been fully elucidated. We showed that JWH133 inhibited C6 cells growth, reduced cAMP production and inhibited PKA activity through CB2 receptor. Decrease of PKA activity stimulated CaMKKβ, and subsequently elevated phosphorylation of AMPKα at threonine 172 site. The activation of AMPKα induced changes of downstream proteins, including increase of P53 phosphorylation and P21 production, as well as decrease of mTOR phosphorylation, that eventually inhibited C6 cells growth.
Co-downregulation of GRP78 and GRP94 induces apoptosis and inhibits migration in prostate cancer cells
Authors: Lu Tong , Wang Yue , Xu Kang , Zhou Zhijun , Gong Juan , Zhang Yingang , Gong Hua , Dai Qiang , Yang Jun , Xiong Biao , Song Ze , Yang Gang 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundBoth glucose-regulated protein 78 kDa (GRP78) and glucose-regulated protein 94 kDa (GRP94) are important molecular chaperones that play critical roles in maintaining tumor survival and progression. This study investigated the effects in prostate cancer cells following the downregulation of GRP78 and GRP94.MethodsRNA interference was used to downregulate GRP78 and GRP94 expression in the prostate cancer cell line, PC-3. The effects on apoptosis and cell migration was examined along with expression of these related proteins.ResultsSmall interfering RNAs targeting GRP78 and GRP94 successfully down-regulated their expression. This resulted in the induction of apoptosis and inhibition of cell migration. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicated that caspase-9 (cleaved) and Bax expression levels were upregulated while Bcl-2 and vimentin expression levels were downregulated.ConclusionCo-downregulation of GRP78 and GRP94 expression induces apoptosis and inhibits migration in prostate cancer cells.
Multicenter performance evaluation of the Abbott Alinity hq hematology analyzer
Authors: Slim Christiaan L. , Wevers Brigitte A. , Demmers Martijn W.H.J. , Lakos Gabriella , Hoffmann Johannes J.M.L. , Adriaansen Henk J. , Kooren Jurgen A. , Storm Huibert 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
Alinity hq (Abbott) is a new high-throughput hematology analyzer that exclusively employs optical principles for detecting and enumerating blood cells. It reports 29 parameters, including a six-part white blood cell (WBC) differential. The aim of this multicenter study was to evaluate the analytical and clinical performance of the Alinity hq.

Methods
Complete blood count (CBC) results and morphological flagging were compared to that of CELL-DYN Sapphire (Abbott) and 2 × 200-cell manual differential results, on 1473 whole-blood samples from a well-defined patient population from three different clinical laboratories in the Netherlands. In addition, within-run and within-laboratory precision, linearity, limit of quantitation, carryover and sample stability were assessed. External quality assessment samples were also evaluated.

Results
Data analysis demonstrated strong concordance of Alinity hq results with those of CELL-DYN Sapphire for all CBC parameters, except for basophil granulocytes. Alinity hq WBC differential showed high level of agreement with manual differential results and exhibited a better agreement with manual basophil results than CELL-DYN Sapphire. The sensitivity of the Alinity hq Blast flag was 57.6%, equal to the 57.6% sensitivity of the CELL-DYN Sapphire’s Blast Alert. When considering samples with ≥5% blasts, the sensitivity of the Alinity hq Blast flag was 70.0%. Analytical performance of Alinity hq was shown to be consistent with state-of-the-art (SOTA) performance characteristics.

Conclusions
Alinity hq CBC measurands demonstrated good overall agreement with results obtained with CELL-DYN Sapphire, as well as manual WBC differential. The analytical and clinical performance characteristics of Alinity hq make it well suited for clinical laboratories.
Climate Change Litigation: Global Trends and Critical Issues in the Light of the Urgenda 2018 Decision and the IPCC Special Report “global Warming of 1.5 °C”
Authors: Jacometti Valentina 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis essay highlights the major global trends and critical issues that emerged so far in climate change litigation, through the analysis of some significant cases in different jurisdictions. Climate cases involve different actors and a wide variety of claims: claims challenging specific projects or activities; lawsuits dealing with damages caused by climate change-related events and seeking compensation and/or injunctions; cases aiming at amending key features of national climate change policy and legislation. Finally, the essay identifies some trends in the very heterogeneous body of arguments that are brought before the courts, including obligations arising from international and human rights law.
Influence of unburned pulverized coal on gasification reaction of coke in blast furnace
Authors: Chai Yi-fan , Luo Guo-ping , An Sheng-li , Peng Jun , Wang Yi-ci 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In order to explore the influence of unburned pulverized coal on gasification reaction of coke in blast furnace, kinetic rules of gasification reaction between CO2 and coke powder adding pulverized coals with different volatiles were studied by thermogravimetric analysis. The results showed that weight-loss ratio of samples reacted with CO2 increased after adding pulverized coal, and the weight-loss ratio rose with the increase of coal’s addition. When the content of pulverized coal was up to 50%, the weight-loss ratio of the sample which adding pulverized coal with high volatile was higher under the same temperature. The activation energy about C-CO2 gasification reaction of samples reduced observably after adding pulverized coal. The activation energy of samples had a largest decrease with 83.408 kJ mol−1 at the range of 1223 K~1373 K and it was 28.97 kJ mol−1 at the range of 1373 K~1523 K. The addition of pulverized coal with high volatile can reduce the reaction activation energy of samples more effectively. In the soft melting zone, the gasification reaction model of coke blocks attached the unburned pulverized coal was up to unreacted core model and porous volume-reacted model jointly.
The sFlt-1/PlGF ratio values within the <38, 38–85 and >85 brackets as compared to perinatal outcomes
Authors: Bednarek-Jędrzejek Magdalena , Kwiatkowski Sebastian , Ksel-Hryciów Joanna , Tousty Piotr , Nurek Karolina , Kwiatkowska Ewa , Cymbaluk-Płoska Aneta , Torbé Andrzej 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
Soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) and placental growth factor (PlGF) are used as markers of preeclampsia. The aim of this paper was to assess the correlations between the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio values within the <38, 38–85 and >85 brackets and perinatal outcomes in pregnancies that require determination of these markers.

Methods
A total of 927 pregnant patients between 18 and 41 weeks’ gestation suspected of or confirmed with any form of placental insufficiency (preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction [IUGR], gestational hypertension, HELLP syndrome, placental abruption) were included in the study. In each of the patients, the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio was calculated. Patients were divided into three groups according to the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio brackets of <38, 38–85 and >85.

Results
Significantly worse perinatal outcomes were found in the sFlt-1/PlGF >85 group, primarily with lower cord blood pH, neonatal birth weight and shorter duration of gestation. Statistically significant correlations between the values of these markers and the abovementioned perinatal effects were found.

Conclusion
An sFlt-1/PlGF ratio value of >85 suggests that either preeclampsia or one of the other placental insufficiency forms may occur, which is associated with lower cord blood pH, newborn weight and earlier delivery. Determining the disordered angiogenesis markers and calculating the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio in pregnancies complicated by placental insufficiency may lead to better diagnosis, therapeutic decisions and better perinatal outcomes.
Acceptable levels of tax risk as a metric of corporate tax responsibility: theory, and a survey of practice
Authors: Quentin Clair 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Prescribed levels of acceptable tax risk are increasingly used to articulate degrees of corporate tax responsibility, but the theoretical basis for doing so is not well established. This article (i) develops a theory of the relationship between tax risk and tax responsibility and (ii) shows that acceptable levels of tax risk could be used as a meaningful metric for these purposes, provided that the filing positions a n ticipated from proposed planning are reviewed against the prescribed level of acceptable risk without taking into account any mitigation of the risk factors that are introduced by the planning. Further, the article reviews the evolving tax risk policies of 20 large European companies, showing that while some progress is being made towards meaningful discourse, even the companies with the most well-developed policies are still making their claims in such a way as to conflate socially responsible tax behavior with diligence in implementing antisocial tax behavior.