bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptional control of blood cell emergence
Authors: Menegatti Sara , de Kruijf Marcel , Garcia‐Alegria Eva , Lacaud Georges , Kouskoff Valerie 
Published: August 2019

The haematopoietic system is established during embryonic life through a series of developmental steps that culminates with the generation of haematopoietic stem cells. Characterisation of the transcriptional network that regulates blood cell emergence has led to the identification of transcription factors essential for this process. Among the many factors wired within this complex regulatory network, ETV2, SCL and RUNX1 are the central components. All three factors are absolutely required for blood cell generation, each one controlling a precise step of specification from the mesoderm germ layer to fully functional blood progenitors. Insight into the transcriptional control of blood cell emergence has been used for devising protocols to generate blood cells de novo, either through reprogramming of somatic cells or through forward programming of pluripotent stem cells. Interestingly, the physiological process of blood cell generation and its laboratory‐engineered counterpart have very little in common.
Effects of cooperative learning on peer relations, empathy, and bullying in middle school
Authors: Van Ryzin Mark J. , Roseth Cary J. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAlthough researchers have developed prevention programs to reduce bullying, the results are mixed, and this may be due to a degree of uncertainty in their theoretical foundation. In particular, these programs share an emphasis on empathy as a personal attribute that can be enhanced among students through the application of specific curricula that will, in turn, contribute to a reduction in bullying behavior. However, the link between empathy and bullying is unclear, as is the ability of bullying prevention programs to actually impact student empathy. In this study, we used a cluster randomized trial (N = 15 middle schools, 1,890 students, 47.1% female, 75.2% White) to evaluate the impact of cooperative learning on bullying, and we evaluated whether these effects were mediated by empathy and peer relatedness. Our results indicated that cooperative learning can significantly reduce bullying, and that some of this effect is transmitted via enhancements to affective empathy. Cooperative learning also demonstrated significant positive effects on cognitive empathy, but this did not have an effect on bullying. We also found that the effects of cooperative learning on cognitive and affective empathy were mediated by improvements in peer relatedness. These findings add a degree of clarity to the literature, and also represent the first time, as far as we are aware, that an antibullying program has been found to have significant effects on both cognitive and affective empathy.
A Platform to Study the Effects of Electrical Stimulation on Immune Cell Activation During Wound Healing
Authors: Wang Kaiping , Parekh Udit , Ting Jonathan K. , Yamamoto Natasha A. D. , Zhu Juan , Costantini Todd , Arias Ana Claudia , Eliceiri Brian P. , Ng Tse Nga 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWound healing is a complex process involving diverse changes in multiple cell types where the application of electric fields has been shown to accelerate wound closure. To define the efficacy of therapies based on electric fields, it would be valuable to have a platform to systematically study the effects of electrical stimulation (ES) upon the inflammation phase and the activation of signaling mediators. Here, an in vivo ES model in which flexible electrodes are applied to an animal model for monitoring inflammation in a wound is reported on. Subcutaneous implants of polyvinyl alcohol sponges elicit inflammation response as defined by the infiltration of leukocytes. The wound site is subjected to electric fields using two types of additively fabricated flexible electrode arrays. The sponges are then harvested for flow cytometry analysis to identify changes in the phosphorylation state of intracellular targets. This platform enables studies of molecular mechanisms, as it shows that an application of low‐frequency ES ≤0.5 Hz increases phosphorylation of Erk proteins in recruited leukocytes, identifying a signaling pathway that is activated during the healing process.
Expanding the Toolbox of Upconversion Nanoparticles for In Vivo Optogenetics and Neuromodulation
Authors: All Angelo Homayoun , Zeng Xiao , Teh Daniel Boon Loong , Yi Zhigao , Prasad Ankshita , Ishizuka Toru , Thakor Nitish , Hiromu Yawo , Liu Xiaogang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractOptogenetics is an optical technique that exploits visible light for selective neuromodulation with spatio‐temporal precision. Despite enormous effort, the effective stimulation of targeted neurons, which are located in deeper structures of the nervous system, by visible light, remains a technical challenge. Compared to visible light, near‐infrared illumination offers a higher depth of tissue penetration owing to a lower degree of light attenuation. Herein, an overview of advances in developing new modalities for neural circuitry modulation utilizing upconversion‐nanoparticle‐mediated optogenetics is presented. These developments have led to minimally invasive optical stimulation and inhibition of neurons with substantially improved selectivity, sensitivity, and spatial resolution. The focus is to provide a comprehensive review of the mechanistic basis for evaluating upconversion parameters, which will be useful in designing, executing, and reporting optogenetic experiments.
Enhanced Interface Stability of Multilayer Bi2Te3/Ti/Cu Films after Heat Treatment via the Insertion of a Ti Layer
Authors: Qin Dongli , Zhu Wei , Hai Fengxun , Wang Chunjun , Cui Jiaolin , Deng Yuan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe interface stability is of great significance for maintaining the high output performance of thin‐film thermoelectric devices. Here, it is demonstrated that by introducing a Ti layer and controlling its thickness, the interface stability relating to element diffusion, contact resistance, and mechanical strength can be regulated at Bi2Te3/Cu interfaces. After heat treatment, the multilayer interface with a thickness of 270 nm for the Ti layer has a stable structure that can suppress element diffusion, maintain a low specific contact resistivity (7.49 × 10−6 Ω cm2) and obtain an excellent critical load (58.1 mN). These characteristics are achieved because the Ti film with a thickness of 270 nm can keep multilayer interface stable, maintain the interface as effective junctions, and alleviate stress release. Due to the diffusion of Cu, the Cu‐Te compounds are formatted and Cu diffusion into Bi2Te3 is generated in the interfaces. Meanwhile, the results show that the Cu diffusion into Bi2Te3 has a greater impact on contact resistance than p‐CuTe in the interface. The work provides a general method for maintaining the reliability and stability of multilayer interfaces in thin‐film thermoelectric devices.
Self‐Powered and Broadband Photodetectors with GaN: Layered rGO Hybrid Heterojunction
Authors: Sarkar Krishnendu , Hossain Mozakkar , Devi Pooja , Rao K. D. M. , Kumar Praveen 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe development of self‐powered and broadband (NIR–Vis–UV) photodetectors with high responsivity is essential for energy efficient futuristic optoelectronic devices. A simple approach is reported to formulate inorganic–organic (GaN/rGO: Ag NP) hybrid p–n heterojunction photodetectors clasping with transparent Au nanowire network as the top electrode. The heterojunction demonstrates excellent rectification ratio of 105 and broadband photoresponse due to GaN in ultraviolet (UV) region and silver‐loaded reduced graphene oxide (rGO: Ag NP) in visible to infrared region. Further, the reducing effect of Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs) to GO along with its localized surface plasmon resonance is utilized to enhance the response in near infrared (NIR) and the visible region in the presented device structure. Transparent Au nanowire network works as an efficient charge collector ensuing high responsivity and fast switching characteristics. The heterojunction exhibits superior photoresponse with high on/off ratio (104), responsivity (0.266 A W‐1), and detectivity of (2.62 × 1011), under the illumination of 360 nm light. Due to the high built‐in‐potential difference at the heterojunctions, self‐powered operation is demonstrated under entire excitation wavelength (360–980 nm) range, which holds great futuristic promises for cost‐effective, stable, and efficient energy conserving electronics.
3D‐Printed Coaxial Fibers for Integrated Wearable Sensor Skin
Authors: Gao Yang , Yu Guohui , Shu Tao , Chen Yanqiu , Yang Wenzhen , Liu Yu , Long Jing , Xiong Wei , Xuan Fuzhen 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCoaxial 3D printing technology, with its advantages of scalability and controllability, is applied in research to develop integrated wearable sensors composed of pressure sensor arrays and strain sensors. In order to improve the performance of the pressure sensor array, microstructures molded from sandpaper are introduced into the contact interface of the extruded fibers, resulting in a sensitivity (defined as the ratio of capacitance change to the change of applied pressure) of 0.562 kPa−1, a response/relaxation time of 230 ms, and a high durability. The printed strain sensor has a sensitivity (defined as the ratio of resistance change to the change of applied strain) of 11.8 and a good stability for 10 000 cycles. The high‐performance pressure sensor array and strain sensors give the integrated device the ability to detect various mechanical stimuli such as pressing, bending, twisting, and shear forces, showing potential application in the field of electronic skin.
Regio‐ and Stereoselective Synthesis of 2‐Hydroxymethyl‐1,3‐enynes by Rhodium‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative C−C Coupling
Authors: Lu Shi‐Chao , Chang Zhi‐Xin , Xiao Yu‐Liang , Li Hong‐Shuang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA regio‐ and stereoselective protocol for rhodium(I)‐catalyzed decarboxylative C−C coupling between propiolic acids and propargyl alcohols has been achieved. This efficient catalytic approach could facilitate the preparation of a diversity of synthetically valuable 2‐hydroxymethyl‐1,3‐enynes with high Z‐stereoselectivity. Notably, non‐terminal alkynes were smoothly transformed into the target products that show intriguing synthetic utility.magnified image
Quantifying the Interface Defect for the Stability Origin of Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Wu Jionghua , Shi Jiangjian , Li Yiming , Li Hongshi , Wu Huijue , Luo Yanghong , Li Dongmei , Meng Qingbo 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe stability issue that is obstructing commercialization of the perovskite solar cell is widely recognized, and tremendous effort has been dedicated to solving this issue. However, beyond the apparent thermal and moisture stability, more intrinsic semiconductor mechanisms regarding defect behavior have yet to be explored and understood. Herein, defects are quantified; especially interface defects, within the cell to reveal their impact on device performance and especially stability. Both the bulk and interface defects are distinguished and traced in situ using an expanded admittance model when the cell degrades in its efficiency under illumination or voltage. The electric field‐induced interface, rather than bulk defects, is found to have a direct correlation to stability. Releasing the interface strain using a fullerene derivative is an effective way to suppress interface defect formation and improve stability. Overall, this work provides a quantitative approach to probing the semiconductor mechanism behind the stability issue, and the inherent correlation discovered here among the electric field, interface strain, interface defects, and cell stability has important implications for ongoing device stability engineering.
Controllable Cathode–Electrolyte Interface of Li[Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1]O2 for Lithium Ion Batteries: A Review
Authors: Maleki Kheimeh Sari Hirbod , Li Xifei 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAs a high‐capacity layered cathode material, Li[Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1]O2 (NCM811) has been one of the most felicitous candidates for utilization in the next generation of high‐energy lithium ion batteries (LIBs). Notwithstanding its superiority, there are some issues concerning its cyclability, rate capability, and thermal stability that need to be settled prior to its further practical application. It is believed that upon cycling, chemical, mechanical, and electrochemical stability of the cathode–electrolyte interface plays a key role in resolving these issues. Therefore, all the extensive efforts directed so far toward the optimization of NCM811 electrochemical performance are by some means in connection with the cathode–electrolyte interface. Herein, unique structural and electrochemical characteristics of NCM811 together with in‐depth understanding of its underlying bulk/surface degradation mechanism through cycling are reviewed. More importantly, for the first time, all compatible approaches thus far adopted to perfect the performance of NCM811 are exclusively and scrupulously addressed. Lastly, the most reasonable resolutions to accomplish a robust cathode–electrolyte interface, and consequently impeccable NCM811, along with proposed future research directions are presented.
Spontane Kristallisation von Perowskit‐Nanokristallen in unpolaren organischen Lösungsmitteln: Ein vielseitiges Konzept für deren morphologiekontrollierende Synthese
Authors: Huang He , Li Yanxiu , Tong Yu , Yao En‐Ping , Feil Maximilian W. , Richter Alexander F. , Döblinger Markus , Rogach Andrey L. , Feldmann Jochen , Polavarapu Lakshminarayana 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDie wachsende Nachfrage an Perowskit‐Nanokristallen (NCs) für verschiedene Anwendungen hat ein großes Forschungsinteresse an der Entwicklung einfacher Synthesemethoden geweckt. Sie werden meist entweder durch ligandenunterstützte Umfällung (LARP) bei Raumtemperatur oder durch Heißinjektion bei hohen Temperaturen und inerter Atmosphäre synthetisiert. Die Verwendung von polaren Lösungsmitteln im Fall von LARP beeinflusst jedoch deren Stabilität. Hier berichten wir über die spontane Kristallisation von Perowskit‐NCs in unpolaren organischen Medien unter normalen Umgebungsbedingungen ausgelöst beim einfachen Mischen von Ausgangsmaterial‐Liganden‐Komplexen ohne Anwendung externer Stimuli. Die Morphologie der NCs kann von Nanowürfeln zu Nanoplättchen gesteuert werden, indem das Verhältnis zwischen einwertigem (z. B. Formamidinium+ (FA+) oder Cs+) und zweiwertigem (Pb2+) Kation‐Liganden‐Komplex variiert wird. Die Ausgangsmaterial‐Liganden‐Komplexe sind monatelang stabil, so dass Perowskit‐NCs direkt vor der Verwendung leicht hergestellt werden können. Darüber hinaus zeigen wir, dass dieser vielseitige Synthesevorgang skalierbar und allgemein für Perowskit‐NCs unterschiedlicher Zusammensetzung anwendbar ist.
Retracted: Amentoflavone Promotes Apoptosis in Non‐Small‐Cell Lung Cancer by Modulating Cancerous Inhibitor of PP2A
Authors: Shen Fei , Chen Yijiang , Chen Liang , Qin Jianwei , Li Zhi , Xu Jing 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTNon‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most common human malignancies. Amentoflavone (AF) is one of bioflavonoid compounds isolated from Selaginella tamariscina Spring. This study was designed to examine the effect of AF on NSCLC. Our results indicated that AF decreased cell viability of both H1299 and H358 cells. Colony formation assay also showed that AF was able to suppress the anchorage‐independent growth of NSCLC cells. AF also triggered cell cycle arrest by downregulating cyclin D1, CDK4, and CDK6. The pro‐apoptotic activity of AF was confirmed by Hoechst staining and flow cytometry. The effect of AF on activation of caspase‐3, upregulation of Bax, and downregulation of Bcl‐2 was examined by western blot. The anti‐growth and pro‐apoptotic activities of AF were further validated in xenograft murine model. iTRAQ assay showed that cancerous inhibitor of PP2A (CIP2A) expression was markedly downregulated by AF treatment in H1299 cells. In addition, qRT‐PCR and western blot also showed that AF was able to dose‐dependently inhibit CIP2A expression. Meanwhile, the activity of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) was enhanced by AF treatment. The mRNA and protein expression of CIP2A as well as PP2A activity in xenograft tumor tissue were examined, which indicated that the in vivo anticancer activity of AF was associated with downregulation of CIP2A and reactivation of PP2A. Moreover, our results showed that the anti‐growth and pro‐apoptotic activities of AF were augmented by CIP2A knockdown and attenuated by ectopic CIP2A expression. Our results indicated that AF exhibited anticancer activity in NSCLC by targeting CIP2A. Anat Rec, 302:2201–2210, 2019. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy
Periconceptional folic acid and risk for neural tube defects among higher risk pregnancies
Authors: Petersen Julie M. , Parker Samantha E. , Benedum Corey M. , Mitchell Allen A. , Tinker Sarah C. , Werler Martha M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundWomen with a previous neural tube defect (NTD)‐affected pregnancy are recommended to consume 4,000 μg daily folic acid (FA) for prevention (10 times the general‐population recommendation). Protection from doses between 400 and 4,000 μg for this and other higher risk groups is unclear.MethodsIn the case–control Slone Birth Defects Study (1988–2015), we examined the associations between periconceptional FA doses and NTDs among four higher risk groups: NTD family history, periconceptional antiepileptic drug exposure (AED), pregestational diabetes, and prepregnancy obesity. Mothers completed standardized interviews about pregnancy events and exposures. FA categorizations were based on (a) supplements only and (b) supplements and diet (“total folate”). We estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) (adjusted for age and study center) using logistic regression.ResultsCases and controls included: 45 and 119 with family history, 25 and 108 with AED exposure, 12 and 63 with pregestational diabetes, 111 and 1,243 with obesity. Daily FA supplementation was associated with lower NTD risk compared to no supplementation (adjusted ORs were 0.33 [95% CI 0.13, 0.76] for family history, 0.31 [0.09, 0.95] for AED exposure, 0.25 [0.04, 1.05] for pregestational diabetes, 0.65 [0.40, 1.04] for obesity). Though estimates were imprecise, as total folate increased stronger point estimates were observed, notably among family history. No mothers with a prior NTD‐affected pregnancy supplemented with 4,000 μg.ConclusionsOur findings reinforce that all women of childbearing potential should consume at least 400 μg FA/day to protect against NTDs. Higher risk groups may benefit from higher doses.
Combining Organocatalysis and Photoredox Catalysis: An Asymmetric Synthesis of Chiral β‐Amino α‐Substituted Tryptamines
Authors: Levitre Guillaume , Audubert Clément , Dumoulin Audrey , Goual Nawel , Retailleau Pascal , Moreau Xavier , Masson Géraldine 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA stereoselective synthesis of functionalized β‐amino α‐substituted tryptamines has been achieved by a sequential asymmetric organocatalytic three‐component electrophilic amination and photocatalyzed Friedel‐Crafts reaction of indoles with moderate to high diastereoselectivities (up to >99 : 1 dr) and excellent enantioselectivities (up to >99 % ee). We also demonstrated that the β‐amino α‐substituted tryptamines can be successfully engaged in a further catalytic step, furnishing various α,β‐substituted tryptamines without erosion of enantioselectivity and with complete diastereoselectivity.
Sodium Storage in Coal/Biomass‐Derived Carbon/Carbon 3D Networks
Authors: Shen Hanting , Zhao Hanqing , Kang Mengmeng , Song Wei , Ye Jianqi , Miao Siyu , Zhao Dan , Zhao Yu , Mi Jie , Li Zhong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCoal plays an important role in human industrialization as a fossil fuel and has attracted attention recently as an ideal carbon precursor for next‐generation sodium‐ion‐battery anode materials. In this work, nitrogen‐doped three‐dimensional (3D) coal‐based carbon materials were constructed, in which coal‐based graphite microcrystals (CGCs) supply plentiful active sites for Na absorption, and chitosan‐derived 3D carbon networks accelerate the electron transfer. The materials exhibited a Na storage capacity of 283.3 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C, with capacitance retention of 94.3 % after the fifth cycle. Moreover, 170 mAh g−1 can be achieved at 2 C after 3000 cycles, which is twice that of pure CGCs. The materials are low cost and exhibit a good capacity, showing that they could be used in practical applications for sodium‐ion‐battery anodes.
Mono‐Aryl/Alkylthio‐Substituted (Hetero)acenes of Exceptional Thermal and Photochemical Stability by the Thio‐Friedel–Crafts/Bradsher Cyclization Reaction
Authors: Bałczewski Piotr , Kowalska Emilia , Różycka‐Sokołowska Ewa , Skalik Joanna , Owsianik Krzysztof , Koprowski Marek , Marciniak Bernard , Guziejewski Dariusz , Ciesielski Witold 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe highly substituted mono‐aryl/alkylthio‐(hetero)acenes prepared in this study have been found to be thermally more stable (Tdecomp.=331–354 °C) than the known di‐aryl/alkylthio‐substituted acenes by an average of 25 °C. They are also much more photostable at 254 and 365 nm (in both argon and air) than the parent anthracene and other reported anthracenes. The most photostable aryl/alkylthio‐anthracenes at 254 nm were found to be 60–70 (in air) and 130 (in argon) times more stable in solution than the unsubstituted anthracene, and much more stable than known EDG/EWG‐substituted anthracenes (EDG=electron‐donating group, EWG=electron‐withdrawing group) with an extended aromatic core. Furthermore, the acenes showed significantly higher photostability at 365 nm in both air and argon. The anthracenes were obtained by the novel thio‐Friedel–Crafts/Bradsher cyclization reaction of hitherto unknown [o‐(1,3‐dithian‐2‐yl)aryl](aryl)methyl thioethers. The developed approach provides a general access to mono‐aryl/alkylthio‐substituted (hetero)acene frameworks containing at least three fused (hetero)aromatic rings. The characteristic feature of this approach, which leads to highly substituted acenes, is that the substituents, unlike in other methods, may be introduced at an early stage of the synthesis. DFT and TD‐DFT calculations confirmed the stabilizing role of the aryl/alkylthio substituent in the mono‐aryl/alkylthio‐substituted anthracenes, which are the most stable anthracenes prepared to date. Their high photostability is mainly due to the quenching of singlet oxygen by the acene and the quenching of the acene S1 state by molecular oxygen.
KRAS Binders Hidden in Nature
Authors: Bergner Andreas , Cockcroft Xiaoling , Fischer Gerhard , Gollner Andreas , Hela Wolfgang , Kousek Roland , Mantoulidis Andreas , Martin Laetitia J. , Mayer Moriz , Müllauer Barbara , Siszler Gabriella , Wolkerstorfer Bernhard , Kessler Dirk , McConnell Darryl B. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Darryl McConnell and colleagues from Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Vienna, Austria. The image depicts some of the KRAS binders found in Nature that are discussed in the paper. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201902810.