bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of ultrasonic field on the Pb‐Sn alloys during heating process
Authors: Le Q. , Lan Q. , Zhang J. , Cui J. , Liu X. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn this work, the effects of ultrasonic field on the Pb‐Sn alloys during heating process have been discussed using electrical resistivity and thermal curves. The semi‐solid and liquid alloy have different resistivity responses to ultrasonic irradiation, due to ultrasound irradiation only available to liquid phase. Sensitive structural change by ultrasound can be only found in the liquid state, according to the resistivity drop and thermal curves. It might be due to the low volume fraction of liquid phase at initial stage and the fast solid‐to‐liquid transitions at the final stage. Ultrasound can also trigger the nucleation and growth of liquid phase, through driving the melting of solid phase at solid/liquid interface and transferring into the liquid phase. The concerned mechanisms have been discussed in detail.
Analytische Betrachtung der Bruchmechanismen in AlSiCu‐Gusslegierungen
Authors: Papenberg N. , Bozorgi S. , Pippan R. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractDiese Arbeit widmet sich der Untersuchung der Bruchzähigkeit und der bruchbestimmenden Gefügeanteile in AlSiCu‐Gusslegierungen. Zu diesem Zweck wurden die Bruchzähigkeiten einer konventionellen A226 Legierung sowie einer für die Hochtemperaturanwendung modifizierten Legierung untersucht. Es erfolgte eine Ermittlung der bruchauslösenden Phasen außerdem konnte eine Abhängigkeit der Bruchzähigkeit von der Abkühlgeschwindigkeit aufgezeigt werden.
Extraforaminal Lumbar Disk Herniations Lead To Neuroplastic Changes: a Study Using Quantitative Sensory Testing
Authors: Tschugg Anja , Lener Sara , Hartmann Sebastian , Fink Valentin , Neururer Sabrina , Wildauer Matthias , Löscher Wolfgang N. , Thome Claudius 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Extraforaminal lumbar disk herniations are characterized by distinct clinical features in comparison to paramedian lumbar disk herniations. Methods: We applied the quantitative sensory testing (QST) protocol of the German Research Network on Neuropathic Pain in 63 patients with a single lumbar disk herniation. They were categorized in 2 groups: (I) an intraspinal (group I; n = 47, 75%) and an extraforaminal (group E; n = 16, 25%). Results: The wind‐up ratio for assessing endogenous pain‐modulating pathways was higher in group E (2.9 ± 2) than in group I (1.4 ± 1; P = 0.021). After a subsequent series of pinprick stimuli, an increase in pain assessed by the numeric rating scale could be shown in group E (2.1 ± 2 vs 1.1 ± 1; P = 0.032). Discussion: Extraforaminal compression is associated with chronic as well as neuropathic pain, presumably caused by direct compression of the dorsal root ganglion, which may preferentially promote specific chronic pain mechanisms. Muscle Nerve 58: 676–680, 2018
Effects of mesenchymal stromal cells on type 1 diabetes mellitus rat muscles
Authors: Sabadine Maria Augusta , Russo Thiago Luiz , Luna Genoveva Flores , Oliveira Leal Angela Merice 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) causes marked skeletal muscle atrophy. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are an attractive therapy to avoid diabetic complications because of their ability to modify the microenvironment at sites of tissue injury. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of MSC transplantation on muscle adaptation caused by diabetes. Methods: DM was induced by streptozotocin (STZ), and the diabetic animals received systemic MSC transplantation. The von Frey test and footprint analysis were used to assess sensation and sensory motor performance, respectively. Tibialis anterior muscles were investigated by morphology; molecular markers atrogin‐1/muscle RING‐finger protein‐1, nuclear factor κB/p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase, tumor necrosis‐like weak inducer of apoptosis/fibroblast growth factor‐inducible 14, myostatin, myogenic differentiation 1, and insulin‐like growth factor 1 were also assessed. Results: MSC transplantation improved sensation and walking performance and also decreased muscle fibrosis in DM rats by modulating atrogenes but did not prevent muscle atrophy. Discussion: MSCs can reduce muscle and functional complications that result from type 1 DM in rats. Muscle Nerve 58: 583–591, 2018
Nonparametric extraction of oscillations in short time series
Authors: Li Xiang , Pöppel Ernst , Bao Yan 
Published: July 2018

AbstractOscillations are important for functional homeostasis. However, the oscillatory processes are sometimes masked by noise. A nonparametric method to extract oscillatory components does not assume stability in period or amplitude, it is resistant to linear components and phase insensitive, and it allows statistical inference.
AT‐rich interactive domain 5B regulates androgen receptor transcription in human prostate cancer cells
Authors: Yamakawa Takahiro , Waer Christi , Itakura Keiichi 
Published: July 2018

BackgroundThe androgen receptor (AR) is one of the most important and dynamically regulated factors in prostate cancer (PCa) progression. Despite the importance of AR expression regulation, the precise mechanisms are not fully understood. ARID5B, an AT‐rich interaction domain DNA‐binding motif‐containing transcription factor, is expressed higher in primary PCa than normal prostate, and correlated with AR expression. We therefore hypothesized that ARID5B could regulate AR expression.MethodsCorrelation between AR and ARID5B expression was analyzed using publicly and commercially available microarray data. To examine the role of ARID5B in AR expression, ARID5B was knocked down in VCaP and LNCaP cells, then mRNA and protein levels of AR were measured and an in vitro cell proliferation assay was performed. Chromatin immunoprecipitation was performed to further examine molecular mechanisms.ResultsKnockdown of ARID5B suppressed the AR mRNA and protein expression in VCaP and LNCaP cells and decreased in vitro cell proliferation. Suppression of ARID5B decreased the occupancy of active RNA polymerase II in the AR promoter, indicating that ARID5B regulates AR transcription. The active histone mark, H3K4me3, occupancy was decreased with ARID5B knockdown.ConclusionOur study revealed that AR transcription is positively regulated by ARID5B through H3K4me3 recruitment in the AR promoter. Our findings reveal novel mechanisms of AR transcription, which is dynamically regulated in prostate tumor progression.
To shrink or not to shrink: Hotelling'sT2chart based on shrunken covariance estimates
Authors: Shepherd Deborah K. , Jones‐Farmer L. Allison , Rigdon Steven E. , Bodden Kevin M. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractSeveral authors have studied the effect of parameter estimation on the performance of Phase II control charts and shown that large in‐control reference samples are necessary for the Phase II control charts to perform as desired. For higher dimensional data, even larger reference samples are required to achieve stable estimation of the in‐control parameters. Shrinkage estimation has been widely studied as a method to achieve stable estimation of the covariance matrix for high‐dimensional data. We investigate the average run length (ARL) distribution of the HotellingT2chart when using a shrunken covariance matrix. Specifically, we explore the following questions: (1) Does the use of a shrinkage estimator of the covariance matrix result in reduced variability in the ARL performance of theT2chart? (2) Does the use of a shrinkage estimator of the covariance matrix result in a reduced occurrence of “strictly multivariate” false alarms on theT2chart? (3) How does shrinkage of the covariance matrix affect the out‐of‐control performance of theT2chart? We use a simulation study to investigate the use of shrinkage estimation with the HotellingT2chart in Phase II. Our results indicate that, while shrinkage estimation affects the ARL performance of theT2chart, the benefits are small and occur in fairly specific circumstances. The benefits of shrinking may not justify the use of more advanced techniques.
On the cycle space of a random graph
Authors: Baron Jacob D. , Kahn Jeff 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWrite for the cycle space of a graph G, for the subspace of spanned by the copies of the κ‐cycle in G, for the class of graphs satisfying , and for the class of graphs each of whose edges lies in a . We prove that for every odd and ,so the
's of a random graph span its cycle space as soon as they cover its edges. For κ = 3 this was shown in [6].
Two Novel Binuclear Lanthanide Complexes with 2,5‐Dichlorobenzoic Acid and 5,5’‐Dimethyl‐2,2’‐bipyridine: Crystal Structures, Luminescence and Thermal Properties
Authors: Wu Xiao‐Hui , Li Ying‐Ying , Ren Ning , Zhang Jian‐Jun 
Published: July 2018

AbstractTwo novel binuclear lanthanide complexes [Ln(2, 5‐DClBA)3(5,5’‐DM‐2,2’‐bipy)(H2O)]2(5,5’‐DM‐2,2’‐bipy) (Ln=Eu(1), Tb(2)); 2,5‐DClBA=2,5‐dichlorobenzoate; 5,5’‐DM‐2,2’‐bipy=5,5’‐dimethyl‐2,2’‐bipyridine) have been successfully synthesized via conventional solution method and then characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and elemental analysis. These two binuclear complexes differ from other reported binuclear complexes, because the free neutral ligands are not common in crystal structure. The complexes are isomorphic, which have the same coordination number of eight with a distorted square antiprismatic molecular geometry. The binuclear units feature hydrogen bonding (O−H⋅⋅⋅N and C−H⋅⋅⋅Cl) and π‐π stacking interactions assemble the adjacent molecular units into 1D, 2D and 3D supramolecular novel structures. It is worth noting that the novel 1D supramolecular structure is formed by the hydrogen bonding interaction between the nitrogen atoms of free 5,5’‐DM‐2,2’‐bipy ligand and the oxygen atom of the coordination water molecule. The thermal decomposition mechanism of the two complexes were studied by TG/DSC‐FTIR techniques. Additionally, the luminescence spectra and lifetime have been studied in detail. The results indicate that Eu3+ ion and Tb3+ ion could be sensitized by ligands and thus emitted intense characteristic red and green luminescence, respectively.
Metal Phosphide:A Highly Efficient Catalyst for the Selective Hydrodeoxygenation of Furfural to 2‐Methylfuran
Authors: Wang Yazhou , Liu Fei , Han Han , Xiao Linfei , Wu Wei 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA series of metal phosphides were prepared by temperature programmed reduction and characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), 31P magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (31P MAS NMR), ammonia temperature programmed desorption (NH3‐TPD) and pyridine infrared spectroscopy (Py‐IR), their catalytic performance were investigated in the hydrodeoxygenation of furfural to form 2‐methylfuran. The effects of metal phosphide and the initial P/Ni molar ratios on the hydrodeoxygenation of furfural were studied, and the reaction conditions were optimized. Furfural was thoroughly converted when the reaction was carried out under 240 °C and 2.0 MPa for 4 h over MoP or Ni2P, and the selectivity of 2‐methylfuran was achieved 83.1% when the Ni2P_0.5 was employed as a catalyst. Under the optimal reaction conditions, the Ni2P_0.5 catalyst could be used for six times with slightly decrease in catalytic performance.
Visible‐Light Induced Simultaneous Oxidation of Methyl Orange and Reduction of Cr(VI) with Fe(III)‐Grafted K2Ti6O13 Photocatalyst
Authors: Khan Azam , Alam Umair , Ali Danish , Muneer M. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe broad absorption of visible light and efficient separation of photogenerated electron‐hole pair with high redox ability are important for enhancing the photocatalytic process. Herein, visible light sensitive Fe(III)‐grafted K2Ti6O13 NBs were successfully synthesized by molten salt cum‐impregnation method. Different analytical techniques such as XRD, UV‐Vis‐DRS, SEM‐EDS, TEM, EPR and BET analyses were employed to characterize the structure, morphology, and surface elemental composition of the prepared samples. The surface grafting of amorphous form of Fe(III) nanocluster was confirmed by TEM and EPR analyses. The visible‐light‐driven photocatalytic removal of individual and binary mixture of Methyl orange and Cr(VI) was tested with prepared samples and the results indicated that simultaneous removal is more efficient in the presence of Fe(III)‐grafted K2Ti6O13. Particularly, 0.1 Fe(III)‐K2Ti6O13 has shown the best activity when compared with pure K2Ti6O13 and Degussa P25. Efficient absorption of visible light and effective separation of charge carriers are the key factors for enhanced photocatalytic activity.
Metal‐Free Preparation of α‐H‐Chlorinated Alkylaromatic Hydrocarbons by Sunlight
Authors: Gaspa Silvia , Valentoni Antonio , Mulas Gabriele , Porcheddu Andrea , De Luca Lidia 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA metal and additive free process for the synthesis of benzyl chloride and α‐chloro alkyl arenes is reported. The proposed methodology can be carried out by the use of sunlight. The yield and conversion of the obtained benzyl chlorides are very high.
One‐Pot Synthesis of Au Embedded ZnO Nanorods Composite Heterostructures with Excellent Photocatalytic Properties
Authors: Haldar Krishna Kanta , Biswas Rathindranath , Tanwar Swati , Sen Tapasi , Lahtinen Jouko 
Published: July 2018

AbstractHere, we have designed a noble composite nanostructure by embedding gold (Au) nanoparticles into zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods surface in one pot synthesis as a photocatalyst. The formation the composite nanostructure was confirmed by X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy investigations. Microscopic studies suggest that spherical Au nanoparticles are nucleated on the ZnO nanorods surface. XPS shows shifting of peak positions towards higher binding energy which indicates charge transfer from ZnO to Au in the composite nanostructures. This is unambiguously confirmed by the steady state spectroscopic studies. It was found that 95.7% (1.8 × 10−5 mM) of Methylene blue dye is degraded by the composite nanostructure after 140 min under UV light illumination and the apparent rate constant was found to be 0.015 min−1. This new class of Au nanoparticles embedded ZnO nanorods composite nanostructure opens up new possibilities in photocatalytic, solar energy conversion, photovoltaic, and other new emerging applications.
Surface‐Engineered Hollow Polymer Spheres for Efficient Enrichment and Photodegradation of Aqueous Organic Wastes
Authors: Wang Yaru , Fan Jie , Lin Shiting , Liu Chang , Yang Shun 
Published: July 2018

AbstractTo conquer the low light utilization efficiency of traditional photocatalysts‐polymer composites with core‐shell structure, and boost the adsorption efficiency of functional polymer in the composites. Photocatalysts surface‐engineered hollow polymer spheres are successfully synthesized by a Pickering emulsion polymerization method for removal of organic pollutants from water. Batch experiments (phenol as a model molecular, BiOI0.5Cl0.5 as a model photocatalysts) showed that the removal efficiency of photocatalysts surface‐engineered hollow polymer spheres was higher than that of solid polymer spheres. The significant increase in removal efficiency suggests that photocatalysts surface‐engineered hollow polymer spheres might serve as powerful agents in treating organics‐polluted water.
Opportunities of Ionic Liquids for Lignin Utilization from Biorefinery
Authors: Zhu Xinyun , Peng Chang , Chen Huaxin , Chen Qin , Zhao Zongbao Kent , Zheng Qiang , Xie Haibo 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe development of economically viable biorefineries for the transformation of lignocellulose into sustainable biofuels, chemicals and materials requires effective valorization of lignin. The high solubility of lignocelluloses and lignin in ionic liquids has created new probabilities, which renders the essential significance of understanding the cell structure of biomass, isolation of lignin from biomass (IL‐lignin), elucidation of the chemical structure of wood and lignin, and valorization of IL‐lignin. In this review, we first give an overview of lignin chemistry, and then describe the current development of structural elucidation of lignin with IL‐mediations, extraction fractionation and its catalytic conversion. This review also highlight the relationship between the research challenges, lignin utilization and the properties of ILs, on which a brief conclusion and perspectives are drawn.
CuNiFe a Magnetic Nano‐Catalyst: an Efficient Catalyst for the Selective Synthesis of Benzoxazoles
Authors: Chaurasia Shivkumar R. , Bhanage B. M. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAn efficient protocol for the synthesis of benzoxazoles from o‐nitrophenols and benzyl alcohols using CuNiFe as a magnetic nano‐catalyst via hydrogenation transfer has been described. The CuNiFe magnetic nano‐catalyst was prepared by an operationally simple method, without the use of any toxic reagents. The prepared catalyst was characterized by XRD, FEG‐SEM, EDAX, TEM, and FT‐IR techniques. No additional additives such as oxidants and reductants were required for this reaction. CuNiFe magnetic nano‐catalyst showed good air stability and could be recycled up to six times without any significant loss in its catalytic activity.
Design of Shape‐Palladium Nanoparticles Anchored on Titanium(IV) Metal‐Organic Framework: Highly Active Catalysts for Reduction of p‐Nitrophenol in Water
Authors: Augustyniak Adam W. , Sadakiyo Masaaki , Navarro Jorge A. R. , Trzeciak Anna M. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe three‐dimensional microporous Ti‐based MOF material MIL‐125‐NH2 (MIL: Material of Institut Lavoisier) was successfully used as a support for palladium nanoparticles designed as catalysts for p‐nitrophenol hydrogenation. According to the mild and green synthetic approach, two catalysts of different nanoparticle morphology and different catalytic activity were obtained. Enhanced catalytic activity was found for a catalyst prepared using KBr as a capping agent, while Pd NPs of undefined shape synthesized without KBr were less active.
Controllable Colloidal Synthesis of Tin(II) Chalcogenide Nanocrystals and Their Solution‐Processed Flexible Thermoelectric Thin Films
Authors: Yin Deqiang , Dun Chaochao , Gao Xiang , Liu Yang , Zhang Xian , Carroll David L. , Swihart Mark T. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA systematic colloidal synthesis approach to prepare tin(II, IV) chalcogenide nanocrystals with controllable valence and morphology is reported, and the preparation of solution‐processed nanostructured thermoelectric thin films from them is then demonstrated. Triangular SnS nanoplates with a recently‐reported π‐cubic structure, SnSe with various shapes (nanostars and both rectangular and hexagonal nanoplates), SnTe nanorods, and previously reported Sn(IV) chalcogenides, are obtained using different combinations of solvents and ligands with an Sn4+ precursor. These unique nanostructures and the lattice defects associated with their Sn‐rich composition allow the production of flexible thin films with competitive thermoelectric performance, exhibiting room temperature Seebeck coefficients of 115, 81, and 153 μV K−1 for SnS, SnSe, and SnTe films, respectively. Interestingly, a p‐type to n‐type transition is observed in SnS and SnSe due to partial anion loss during post‐synthesis annealing at 500 °C. A maximum figure of merit (ZT) value of 0.183 is achieved for an SnTe thin film at 500 K, exceeding ZT values from previous reports on SnTe at this temperature. Thus, a general strategy to prepare tin(II) chalcogenide nanocrystals is provided, and their potential for use in high‐performance flexible thin film thermoelectric generators is demonstrated.
Design of synthetic single reference standards for the simultaneous determination of sesamin, sesamolin, episesamin, and sesamol by HPLC using relative molar sensitivity
Authors: Takahashi Miki , Nishizaki Yuzo , Morimoto Koji , Sugimoto Naoki , Sato Kyoko , Inoue Koichi 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA single reference standard can be used as an internal standard for both quantitative proton NMR spectroscopy and high‐performance liquid chromatography to estimate the relative molar sensitivity for a simultaneous determination of multiple analytes. However, we find it difficult to choose a candidate single reference standard from currently existing compounds. The present work aims to design and synthesize idealized single reference standards for the simultaneous determination of sesamin, sesamolin, episesamin and sesamol by high‐performance liquid chromatography using relative molar sensitivity. These analytes all contain a 1,3‐benzodioxole derivative that has an absorption wavelength near 290 nm. Using this core structure, piperoanol and synthetic methyl, butyl and hexyl sesamol derivatives were evaluated by quantitative proton NMR spectroscopy. The purities of these candidate single reference standards were higher than 97.0%. The relative molar sensitivity of the analyte was calculated from slope ratios of the calibration curves (three ranges from 0 to 100 mM, r2 = 0.999). The averaged relative molar sensitivity values of the analytes and other single reference standards ranged from 0.73 ± 0.01 to 2.26 ± 0.01. Using these relative molar sensitivity values, the concentrations of sesamin, sesamolin, episesamin and sesamol in sesame oil, health foods, and food additives could be evaluated by high‐performance liquid chromatography within the expanded uncertainty. This approach for the design of single reference standards based on structural information can be applied for the simultaneous determination of similar chemical compositions where native standards do not yet exist.
Maternal Stress and the Functions of Positivity in Mothers of Children with Intellectual Disability
Authors: Jess Mikeda , Totsika Vasiliki , Hastings Richard P 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAlthough mothers raising children with Intellectual Disability (ID) report poorer mental health than parents raising typically developing children, they also report feelings of positivity; both generally and specific to their child. To date little is known about the function of maternal positivity thus, we explored the putative compensatory and protective functions of maternal positivity, within both a cross-sectional and one-year longitudinal framework that examined the relationship between children’s behaviour and mental health problems with maternal mental health problems. Participants included 135 mothers of children with severe ID who were between 3 and 18 years of age. Multiple linear regression models investigated the potential function of maternal positivity. At a cross-sectional level, maternal positivity was found to be a significant independent predictor of maternal stress and moderated the impact of child behaviour problems on maternal parenting stress. Longitudinally, maternal positivity did not have a direct effect on later parenting stress nor function as a moderator. Findings from our cross-sectional analysis are consistent with the view that positivity serves a compensatory function. Further exploration is needed to understand the longitudinal function of maternal positivity.