bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intelligent vehicle lateral tracking algorithm based on neural network predictive control
Authors: Su Yi , Xu Lv , Li Jiehui 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionIntelligent vehicles and autonomous driving have been the focus of research in the field of transport, but current autonomous driving models have significant errors in lateral tracking that cannot be ignored.MethodsIn view of this, this study innovatively proposes a lateral trajectory algorithm for intelligent vehicles based on improved radial basis function (RBF). The algorithm first models the lateral trajectory behaviour of the car based on the pre-scanning steering theory, and then proposes an improved RBF network model to compensate for the error of the lateral trajectory model and further improve the accuracy.ResultsAccording to the simulation test results, after 20 iterations, the proposed algorithm always shows the highest accuracy with the same number of iterations. When the number of iterations reaches 370, the accuracy of the algorithm is stable at 88%. In addition, the bending test shows that the proposed algorithm performs best at low speeds with an overall error of 0.028 m, which is a higher accuracy compared to the algorithm without neural network compensation.DiscussionThe maximum error of the proposed algorithm does not exceed 0.04 m in complex continuous curved terrain, which is safe within the normal road width. Overall, the lateral tracking algorithm proposed in this research has better lateral tracking capability compared to other improved algorithms of the same type. The research results are of some significance to the field of lateral tracking of automatic driving, which provides new ideas and methods for the field of lateral tracking of automatic driving technology and helps to promote the overall development of automatic driving technology. By reducing the lateral tracking error, the driving stability and safety of the self-driving car can be improved, creating favourable conditions for the wide application of the self-driving technology.
An assessment of the European Patient Summary for clinical research: a case study in cardiology
Authors: Laleci Erturkmen Gokce Banu , Sinaci Ali Anil , Namli Tuncay , Boonstra Machteld J. , Lekadir Karim , Gkontra Polyxeni , Chronaki Catherine , Facile Rhonda , Baker Rebecca , Kush Rebecca 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionThe European Health Data Space (EHDS) initiative was launched to create a unified framework for health data exchange across Europe. Central to this initiative is the European Electronic Health Record Exchange Format, designed to achieve interoperability of electronic health record data across Europe. Despite these advancements, the readiness of current guidelines and implementations, such as the European Patient Summary, to support secondary use in clinical research, particularly in cardiology, remains underexplored.MethodsThis study aims to evaluate the European Patient Summary guidelines and their implementations, specifically the HL7 FHIR International Patient Summary Implementation Guide, to determine their suitability for secondary use in clinical research. The focus is on identifying gaps and extensions needed to enhance the utility of the European Patient Summary for building artificial intelligence models in assisting heart failure management.ResultsWe selected two European Union-funded research projects, DataTools4Heart and AI4HF, that aim to reuse electronic health record data to develop artificial intelligence models for personalized decision support services for heart failure patients. We analyzed their clinical use cases and the specific data items required, and we compared these with the current European Patient Summary guidelines and provided a detailed gap analysis indicating similarities and required extensions. In our gap analysis, we also compared the needs of DataTools4Heart and AI4HF with the HL7 FHIR International Patient Summary Implementation Guide to assess the extensions needed to support clinical research.DiscussionThe EHDS is a transformative initiative to establish a European health data ecosystem that supports healthcare delivery and clinical research. Our comparative analysis demonstrates that, with minor extensions, these guidelines have significant potential to facilitate access to electronic healthcare record data for the secondary use, particularly in training AI models. We advocate for the adoption of an International Patient Summary format as a semantically interoperable core set of data elements, which will enhance global clinical research efforts and improve patient outcomes through precision medicine.
Machine learning-based multiparametric MRI radiomics nomogram for predicting WHO/ISUP nuclear grading of clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Yang Yunze , Zhang Ziwei , Zhang Hua , Liu Mengtong , Zhang Jianjun 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveTo explore the effectiveness of a machine learning-based multiparametric MRI radiomics nomogram for predicting the WHO/ISUP nuclear grading of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) before surgery.MethodsData from 86 patients who underwent preoperative renal MRI scans (both plain and enhanced) and were confirmed to have ccRCC were retrospectively collected. Based on the 2016 WHO/ISUP grading standards, patients were divided into a low-grade group (Grade I and II) and a high-grade group (Grade III and IV), and randomly split into training and testing sets at a 7:3 ratio. Radiomics features were extracted from FS-T2WI, DWI, and CE-T1WI sequences. Optimal features were selected using the Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman correlation analysis, and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). Five machine learning classifiers—logistic regression (LR), naive bayes (NB), k-nearest neighbors (KNN), adaptive boosting (AdaBoost), and multilayer perceptron (MLP)—were used to build models to predict ccRCC WHO/ISUP nuclear grading. The model with the highest area under the curve (AUC) in the testing set was chosen as the best radiomics model. Independent clinical risk factors were identified using univariate and multivariate logistic regression to create a clinical model, which was combined with radiomics score (rad-score) to develop a nomogram. The model’s effectiveness was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, its calibration was evaluated using a calibration curve, and its clinical utility was analyzed using decision curve analysis.ResultsSix radiomics features were ultimately selected. The MLP classifier showed the highest diagnostic performance in the testing set (AUC=0.933). Corticomedullary enhancement level (P=0.020) and renal vein invasion (P=0.011) were identified as independent risk factors for predicting the WHO/ISUP nuclear classification and were included in the nomogram with the rad-score. The ROC curves indicated that the nomogram model had strong diagnostic performance, with AUC values of 0.964 in the training set and 0.933 in the testing set.ConclusionThe machine learning-based multiparametric MRI radiomics nomogram provides a highly predictive, non-invasive tool for preoperative prediction of WHO/ISUP nuclear grading in patients with ccRCC.
Study on the correlation between alkaloids and tastes of Coptis Rhizome from four species based on UHPLC-QQQ-MS/MS combined with electronic tongue technique
Authors: Huang Yufeng , Luo Wenhui , Pei Wenhan , Sun Dongmei , Zhou Hua , He Fan 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveTaste is one of the vital indicators for the quality evaluation of Coptis rhizome (CR), but the traditional taste evaluation lacks objectivity. By establishing the correlation between CR’s tastes and alkaloids, an objective basis for the taste evaluation was established.MethodsUltra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QQQ-MS/MS) and electronic tongue technique were performed to determine ten alkaloid contents and eight tastes from Coptis chinensis rhizome, Coptis deltoidea rhizome, Coptis teeta rhizome, and Coptis japonica rhizome, respectively. Combined with multivariate statistical analysis, we established models to discriminate the alkaloid contents and tastes of CR, screened the differential alkaloids and tastes, and performed Pearson’s correlation analysis on the results of alkaloids and tastes.Results1) According to the previous UHPLC-QQQ-MS/MS method established by our research group, the contents of ten alkaloids of the four species of CR were quantified, of which jatrorrhizine, columbamine, and magnoflorine were the differential alkaloids of the four species. 2) The electronic tongue technique realized the objectification of CR’s tastes and distinguished the species of CR based on the tastes of aftertaste-A, sourness, bitterness, and richness. 3) Pearson’s correlation analysis shows the bitterness of CR was mainly manifested as aftertaste-B, indicating the higher the aftertaste-B value, the higher the berberrubine content. Astringency and aftertaste-A could be suggested as quality evaluation indexes of CR, due to the positively correlated or significantly positively correlated with coptisine, epiberberine, berberine, and palmatine, respectively.ConclusionElectronic tongue technique has successfully achieved the objectification of the tastes of CR, and combined with UHPLC-QQQ-MS/MS technique for alkaloid quantification and correlation research, it provides a new idea for the quality evaluation of CR.
Association between bullying victimization and mental health problems among Chinese left-behind children: a cross-sectional study from the adolescence mental health promotion cohort
Authors: Feng Yuan , Zhang Simai , Liao Xiao , Jia Yuge , Yang Yu , Zhang Wei 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundLeft-behind children (LBC) refer to those who have been separated from at least one parent for six months or more due to parental migration for work. This phenomenon poses a significant threat to the mental health of over 61 million LBC in China. This study aims to compare the prevalence of mental health symptoms between LBC and non-left-behind children (non-LBC) and to explore the predictive effect of bullying victimization on adolescent mental health problems.MethodsIn 2019, we conducted a cross-sectional analysis involving 28,036 children and adolescents in Mianyang City, Sichuan Province, China, with ages ranging from 8 to 19 years. Mental health symptoms were assessed using the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale and the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). The Delaware Bullying Victimization Scale-Student (DBVS-S) was employed to gather data on experiences of bullying victimization. Information on self-injury was collected by inquiring whether participants had engaged in self-injurious behavior and the reasons for such behavior. Multivariable logistic regression was utilized to analyze the risk and protective factors associated with mental health symptoms, with a particular focus on different types of bullying victimization.ResultsCompared to non-left-behind children (non-LBC), left-behind children (LBC) exhibited a higher prevalence of mental health issues: anxiety symptoms (24.0% vs. 18.0%, p&lt;0.001), depressive symptoms (27.9% vs. 19.4%, p&lt;0.001), and self-injurious behavior (17.7% vs. 12.2%, p&lt;0.001). Among LBC, physical bullying was identified as the most significant predictor of anxiety symptoms (OR = 1.62). Additionally, LBC who experienced verbal bullying had a higher risk of depressive symptoms (OR = 2.23) and self-injurious behaviors (OR = 1.54). Enhanced family functioning, positive teacher-student relationships, and strong peer relationships were found to offer protective effects against mental health problems.ConclusionOur results suggested that LBC experienced a higher incidence of mental health symptoms, particularly among those who had been victims of bullying. This underscores the urgent need for supportive strategies focused on the school environment and interpersonal relationships to mitigate negative mental health outcomes for LBC.
Can we extend the prolonged effects of a 180-s stretching exercise by applying an additional 15-s stretching bout?
Authors: Nakamura Masatoshi , Kasahara Kazuki , Murakami Yuta , Takeuchi Kosuke , Thomas Ewan , Scardina Antonino , Konrad Andreas 
Published: November 2024

IntroducationThis study aimed to clarify whether or not the prolonged effect of a 180-s static stretching (SS) exercise could be maintained for a longer period by performing an additional short-term (15-s) SS exercise following a 15-min rest.MethodsThe participants were 15 healthy untrained adult males in three conditions: (1) SS condition (180-s SS exercise only); (2) SS + 15 s condition (180-s SS and 15-s SS exercise during the rest period); and (3) noSS + 15-s condition (15-s SS exercise only). The knee flexion range of motion (ROM), pain pressure threshold (PPT), and tissue hardness were measured before (PRE), immediately after (POST), and 15 min and 30 min after the SS exercise.Results and discussionSignificant interaction effects were observed in all variables. Post hoc tests showed that knee flexion ROM showed an immediate significant change (P &lt; 0.05) and also at 15 min and 30 min after the SS exercise in the SS + 15 s condition. Tissue hardness showed an immediate significant decrease (P &lt; 0.05) and also at 15 min, but not at 30 min after the SS exercise in the SS + 15 s condition. The additional short-term (15 s) SS exercise in the rest period may have a potential long-lasting effect on ROM increase and tissue hardness decrease.
Unilateral biportal endoscopic spine surgery: a meta-analysis unveiling the learning curve and clinical benefits
Authors: Liu Shu-Xin , Chen Rui-Song , Chen Chien-Min , He Li-Ru , Jhang Shang-Wun , Lin Guang-Xun 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveTo provide insights into the learning curve of unilateral biportal endoscopic (UBE) spine surgery by synthesizing available evidence on critical points and associated clinical outcomes.MethodsA comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases, yielding a pool of relevant studies. Inclusion criteria encompassed studies reporting on UBE learning curves and quantitative data related to clinical outcomes (operative time, hospital stay, and complications).ResultsA total of five studies were included in the analysis, providing six datasets to elucidate the UBE learning curve. Three of the five studies analyzed learning curves using the Cumulative Sum method and identified cutoff points. One study plotted learning curves and determined cutoff points based on surgical time analysis, while the remaining one study (providing two datasets) plotted learning curves using the phased analysis method. The mean value of the cutoff point in terms of the number of cases required to reach proficiency in time to surgery was calculated at 37.5 cases, with a range spanning from 14 to 58 cases. Notably, there was a statistically significant difference in time to surgery between the late group and the early group, with the late group demonstrating a significantly reduced time to surgery (P &lt; 0.0001). Additionally, the determined cutoff points exhibited significant variations when applied to patient outcome parameters, including postoperative hospitalization, postoperative drainage, and surgical complications (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionWhile the analysis indicates that UBE surgery's learning curve is associated with surgical time, the limited focus on this metric and potential discrepancies in cutoff point determination highlight the need for a more comprehensive understanding.
Reproducibility and agreement of radiographic assessment of carpal deformities in foals
Authors: Charles Alexandre , Peeters Xavier , Verbrugghe Constance , Vandersmissen Maxime , Evrard Laurence , Busoni Valeria 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionThe Pivot Point (PP) method is commonly used in the radiographic assessment of carpal deformities in young foals, as the range of deviation may influence treatment choice. The aims of this study were to assess the intra- and interobserver reproducibility of the PP method and subjective radiographic evaluation without line drawing to establish the anatomical site responsible for carpal deviation in foals and to evaluate the agreement between these two techniques.Material and methodsAnonymized radiographs of foals presented for investigation of carpal deformity or prematurity were retrospectively and independently reviewed by six readers. Readers were first asked to subjectively identify the origin of the deviation and then apply the PP method and calculate the angle of deviation (PP_Angle). A second reading in a different randomized order was performed at least two weeks after the first reading. The carpi with the highest variability in PP_Angle measurements were reviewed in consensus by two other radiologists who did not perform the measurements.ResultsA total of 52 radiographs from 25 foals were selected. Good intraobserver reproducibility was observed for all variables, with no significant differences between the first and second readings by the same reader. Measurement of the angle of deviation using the PP method had a high intraobserver reproducibility (correlation coefficient of 0.93, p &lt; 0.05). PP and subjective evaluations revealed strong intraobserver reproducibility for the origin of deviation (Cramer coefficients of 0.4 and 0.5, respectively; p &lt; 0.05). There was strong agreement between PP and subjective evaluation for establishing the origin of deviation for all readers (Cramer coefficient 0.41; p &lt; 0.05). Conversely, interobserver reproducibility for PP and subjective evaluations was low (Kappa values of 0.26 and 0.20, respectively; p &lt; 0.05). Higher variability of PP_Angle was found in limbs with lateral bowing of the distal radius.DiscussionThe results of this study suggest that the PP method can reliably be used by the same reader for follow-up of carpal deformities and that there is no need to draw lines if the only required information is the origin of deviation, while measurements by different readers on the same patient may be misleading.
Characterization of Serpin Family Genes in Three Rice Planthopper Species and Their Expression Profiles in Response to Metarhizium Infection
Authors: Zhang Ruonan , Zhong Zichun , He Liyan , Wu Hongxin , He Liuyan , Guo Yujing , Wu Haoming , Xu Xiaoxia , Jin Fengliang , Pang Rui 
Published: November 2024

Rice planthoppers, including Nilaparvata lugens, Sogatella furcifera, and Laodelphax striatellus, are major agricultural pests. Serpins, which function as serine protease inhibitors, play a pivotal role in the immune systems of these insects, especially within the Toll signaling pathway and the prophenoloxidase (PPO) cascade. This study presents a comparative analysis of serpin genes among these species, highlighting their roles in immunity and development. Utilizing genomic and bioinformatics approaches, we identified 11, 11, and 14 serpin genes in N. lugens, S. furcifera, and L. striatellus, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a close evolutionary relationship between these serpin genes and Bombyx mori BmSerpins, emphasizing the functional diversity of the serpin family. Structural analysis confirmed the presence of the reactive center loop (RCL) in all serpin proteins, with the Serpin7 subfamily showing a unique dual RCL configuration. Expression profiling showed species-specific serpin expression patterns across different life stages and adult tissues. Moreover, transcriptional analysis of serpin genes in the three planthoppers following Metarhizium infection uncovered distinct immune regulatory patterns two days post-infection. Notably, the expression of NlSerpin2-2/6, SfSerpin4/6/7-1, and LsSerpin4/5-2/6 was upregulated post-infection, potentially enhancing antifungal capabilities. In contrast, the expressions of NlSerpin1/7-1/9 and LsSerpin1/2/3/8/13 were downregulated, possibly suppressing immune responses. Moreover, Serpin6s, which share a conserved phylogenetic lineage, exhibited enhanced immune activity in response to fungal invasion. These insights into serpin-mediated immune regulation could contribute to the development of novel pest-control strategies.
СЛУЧАЙ УСПЕШНОГО ЛЕЧЕНИЯ КРИЗА ПРИ МИАСТЕНИИ У МОЛОДОГО ПАЦИЕНТА
Authors: Н.А. Жаркинбекова , А.М. Мамыров , Б.Б. Иргашева 
Published: November 2024

Миастения является хроническим аутоиммунным заболеванием, которое характеризуется слабостью и патологической утомляемостью различных групп поперечно-полосатых мышц, возникающими в результате нарушения нервно-мышечной проводимости. Вместе с тем у больных миастенией в ряде случаев возможно развитие критических состояний, так называемых кризов, требующих проведения неотложных мероприятий, что нередко вызывает существенные затруднения у практикующих врачей. Такие нарушения влияют на течение болезни и уровень смертности [15]. Приведен анализ клинического случая больного со смешанным кризом (миастеническим и холинэргическим) при миастении, ведущим синдромом которого являлась дыхательная недостаточность. Описанный случай миастенического криза, интересен с позиций причин возникновения, клинического течения и эффективности использования алгоритма ведения криза, отраженного в клиническом протоколе №16 от 29.11.2016г.
Myasthenia is a chronic autoimmune disease, which determined by weakness and pathological tiredness of different groups of cross striated muscles causing neuromuscular conduction disorders. At the same time, critical conditions may arise in patients with myasthenia, requiring urgent measures, which maybe a cause of significant difficulties for physicians. Such disorders affecton the course of the disease and the mortalityrate [15]. Ananalysis of the clinical case of a patient with a mixed crisis (myasthenic and cholinergic) in myasthenia, the leading syndrome of which was respiratory failure is given. The described case of myasthenic crisisis interesting from the stand point of the causes, clinical course and effectiveness of the use of the crisis management algorithm, reflected in the clinical protocol No. 16 of November 29, 2016.
Миастения - жүйке бұлшық етінің өткізгіштігі бұзылған жағдайда туындайтын әр түрлі көлденең бұлшық ет жолақтарының потологиялық шаршауы мен әлсіздігін сипаттайтын созылмалы аутоиммунды ауру болып табылады. Сонымен қатар, миастениямен ауыратын науқаста кейде шұғыл әрекет етуді талап ететін күрделі жағдай болуы мүмкін, бұл дәрігерлердің жұмысында елеулі қиындықтар тудырады. Осындай бұзылымдар ағымы мен өлім деңгейіне де әсер етеді. Миастения кезінде науқастың бойындағы аралас кризді(миастениялық және холинэнергиялық) клиникалық жағдайын талдауда тыныс жеткіліксіздігі жетекші синдром болып табылады. Миастениялық криздің жоғарыда келтірілген жағдай бойынша, 2016 жылы 29 қарашадағы №16 клиникалық хаттамада көрсетілгендей, оның туындау себебін, клиникалық ағымын және кризді жүргізудің алгоритмді пайдалану тиімділігін зерттеу өте қызық.