bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of a novel species of adenovirus from Japanese microbat and role of CXADR as its entry factor
Authors: Kobayashi Tomoya , Matsugo Hiromichi , Maruyama Junki , Kamiki Haruhiko , Takada Ayato , Maeda Ken , Takenaka-Uema Akiko , Tohya Yukinobu , Murakami Shin , Horimoto Taisuke 
Published: January 2019

AbstractRecently, bat adenoviruses (BtAdVs) of genus Mastadenovirus have been isolated from various bat species, some of them displaying a wide host range in cell culture. In this study, we isolated two BtAdVs from Japanese wild microbats. While one isolate was classified as Bat mastadenovirus A, the other was phylogenetically independent of other BtAdVs. It was rather related to, but serologically different from, canine adenoviruses. We propose that the latter, isolated from Asian parti-colored bat, should be assigned to a novel species of Bat mastadenovirus. Both isolates replicated in various mammalian cell lines, implying their wide cell tropism. To gain insight into cell tropism of these BtAdVs, we investigated the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CXADR) for virus entry to the cells. We prepared CXADR-knockout canine kidney cells and found that replication of BtAdVs was significantly hampered in these cells. For confirmation, their replication in canine CXADR-addback cells was rescued to the levels with the original cells. We also found that viral replication was corrected in human or bat CXADR-transduced cells to similar levels as in canine CXADR-addback cells. These results suggest that BtAdVs were able to use several mammalian-derived CXADRs as entry factors.
Efficient curation of genebanks using next generation sequencing reveals substantial duplication of germplasm accessions
Authors: Singh Narinder , Wu Shuangye , Raupp W. John , Sehgal Sunish , Arora Sanu , Tiwari Vijay , Vikram Prashant , Singh Sukhwinder , Chhuneja Parveen , Gill Bikram S. , Poland Jesse 
Published: January 2019

AbstractGenebanks are valuable resources for crop improvement through the acquisition, ex-situ conservation and sharing of unique germplasm among plant breeders and geneticists. With over seven million existing accessions and increasing storage demands and costs, genebanks need efficient characterization and curation to make them more accessible and usable and to reduce operating costs, so that the crop improvement community can most effectively leverage this vast resource of untapped novel genetic diversity. However, the sharing and inconsistent documentation of germplasm often results in unintentionally duplicated collections with poor characterization and many identical accessions that can be hard or impossible to identify without passport information and unmatched accession identifiers. Here we demonstrate the use of genotypic information from these accessions using a cost-effective next generation sequencing platform to find and remove duplications. We identify and characterize over 50% duplicated accessions both within and across genebank collections of Aegilops tauschii, an important wild relative of wheat and source of genetic diversity for wheat improvement. We present a pipeline to identify and remove identical accessions within and among genebanks and curate globally unique accessions. We also show how this approach can also be applied to future collection efforts to avoid the accumulation of identical material. When coordinated across global genebanks, this approach will ultimately allow for cost effective and efficient management of germplasm and better stewarding of these valuable resources.
An improved method for high-temperature induced embryo sac chromosome doubling in Populus simonii Carr. × P. nigra var. italica (Moench.) Kochne, an interspecific hybrid of Tacamahaca and Aigeiros poplars
Authors: Xu Wenting , Guo Liqin , Zhang Yan , Zhao Jian , Wei Zunzheng , Zhang Jinfeng 
Published: January 2019

AbstractChromosome doubling is considered an important technique in poplar breeding, with many triploid clones being artificially induced and selected for promotion in the north and northeast of China because of their outstanding traits in vegetative growth and environmental adaption. In this study, the triploid yield of Populus simonii Carr × P. nigra var. italica (Moench.) Kochne was 23.41%, which exceeded the yield attained in our previous studies due to the use of an optimized method of chromosome doubling in the embryo sac at a high temperature. The development of the embryo sac after the pollination of this hybrid was investigated to determine the induction period. Ploidy of seedlings was identified by flow cytometry after initial filtering using the chloroplast counting method. Eleven triploids and one tetraploid were ultimately obtained, and the optimal operating conditions were exposure of female catkins to 41 °C for 2 h at 66 h after pollination (HAP). This study identified an efficient method of chromosome doubling in P. simonii × P. nigra var. italica and provided several polyploids for Populus polyploid breeding programs and subsequent studies.
Behavioural and pathomorphological impacts of flash photography on benthic fishes
Authors: De Brauwer Maarten , Gordon Luke M. , Shalders Tanika C. , Saunders Benjamin J. , Archer Michael , Harvey Euan S. , Collin Shaun P. , Partridge Julian C. , McIlwain Jennifer L. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMillions of people take animal pictures during wildlife interactions, yet the impacts of photographer behaviour and photographic flashes on animals are poorly understood. We investigated the pathomorphological and behavioural impacts of photographer behaviour and photographic flashes on 14 benthic fish species that are important for scuba diving tourism and aquarium displays. We ran a field study to test effects of photography on fish behaviour, and two laboratory studies that tested effects of photographic flashes on seahorse behaviour, and ocular and retinal anatomy. Our study showed that effects of photographic flashes are negligible and do not have stronger impacts than those caused solely by human presence. Photographic flashes did not cause changes in gross ocular and retinal anatomy of seahorses and did not alter feeding success. Physical manipulation of animals by photographing scuba divers, however, elicited strong stress responses. This study provides important new information to help develop efficient management strategies that reduce environmental impacts of wildlife tourism.
A large-scale population study of early life factors influencing left-handedness
Authors: de Kovel Carolien G. F. , Carrión-Castillo Amaia , Francks Clyde 
Published: January 2019

AbstractHand preference is a conspicuous variation in human behaviour, with a worldwide proportion of around 90% of people preferring to use the right hand for many tasks, and 10% the left hand. We used the large cohort of the UK biobank (~500,000 participants) to study possible relations between early life factors and adult hand preference. The probability of being left-handed was affected by the year and location of birth, likely due to cultural effects. In addition, hand preference was affected by birthweight, being part of a multiple birth, season of birth, breastfeeding, and sex, with each effect remaining significant after accounting for all others. Analysis of genome-wide genotype data showed that left-handedness was very weakly heritable, but shared no genetic basis with birthweight. Although on average left-handers and right-handers differed for a number of early life factors, all together these factors had only a minimal predictive value for individual hand preference.
Heterochromatic genome instability and neurodegeneration sharing similarities with Alzheimer’s disease in old Bmi1+/− mice
Authors: El Hajjar Jida , Chatoo Wassim , Hanna Roy , Nkanza Patrick , Tétreault Nicolas , Tse Yiu Chung , Wong Tak Pan , Abdouh Mohamed , Bernier Gilbert 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSporadic Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. However, representative experimental models of AD have remained difficult to produce because of the disease’s uncertain origin. The Polycomb group protein BMI1 regulates chromatin compaction and gene silencing. BMI1 expression is abundant in adult brain neurons but down-regulated in AD brains. We show here that mice lacking one allele of Bmi1 (Bmi1+/−) develop normally but present with age cognitive deficits and neurodegeneration sharing similarities with AD. Bmi1+/− mice also transgenic for the amyloid beta precursor protein died prematurely and present aggravated disease. Loss of heterochromatin and DNA damage response (DDR) at repetitive DNA sequences were predominant in Bmi1+/− mouse neurons and inhibition of the DDR mitigated the amyloid and Tau phenotype. Heterochromatin anomalies and DDR at repetitive DNA sequences were also found in AD brains. Aging Bmi1+/− mice may thus represent an interesting model to identify and study novel pathogenic mechanisms related to AD.
Alteration of Trace Elements during Pathogenesis of N-Nitrosodimethylamine Induced Hepatic Fibrosis
Authors: George Joseph , Tsutsumi Mikihiro , Tsuchishima Mutsumi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe biochemical abnormalities and oxidative stress during pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis could lead to alteration of trace elements. We studied the alteration of major trace elements during the pathogenesis of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA)-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats. The biochemical and pathological indices of liver functions and hepatic fibrosis were evaluated. Serum and liver levels of copper, iron and zinc were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Cobalt, manganese, and molybdenum in the serum and liver were estimated by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Serial administrations of NDMA resulted in decreased serum albumin, biochemical abnormalities, increase of total liver collagen, and well-developed fibrosis and early cirrhosis. Serum and liver zinc content significantly decreased on all the days following NDMA administration. When copper and molybdenum markedly increased in the serum, liver molybdenum decreased dramatically. Both iron and manganese content significantly increased in the liver following NDMA-induced fibrosis. The results of the present study indicate that alteration of trace elements during pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis is due to metabolic imbalance, biochemical abnormalities, decreased serum albumin, and ascites following NDMA-induced liver injury. The modulation of trace elements during hepatic fibrosis could play a prominent role in progression of the disease.
Neurometabolic and functional connectivity basis of prosocial behavior in early adolescence
Authors: Okada Naohiro , Yahata Noriaki , Koshiyama Daisuke , Morita Kentaro , Sawada Kingo , Kanata Sho , Fujikawa Shinya , Sugimoto Noriko , Toriyama Rie , Masaoka Mio , Koike Shinsuke , Araki Tsuyoshi , Kano Yukiko , Endo Kaori , Yamasaki Syudo , Ando Shuntaro , Nishida Atsushi , Hiraiwa-Hasegawa Mariko , Edden Richard A. E. , Barker Peter B. , Sawa Akira , Kasai Kiyoto 
Published: January 2019

AbstractHuman prosocial behavior (PB) emerges in childhood and matures during adolescence. Previous task-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have reported involvement of the medial prefrontal cortex including the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in social cognition in adolescence. However, neurometabolic and functional connectivity (FC) basis of PB in early adolescence remains unclear. Here, we measured GABA levels in the ACC and FC in a subsample (aged 10.5–13.4 years) of a large-scale population-based cohort with MR spectroscopy (MEGA-PRESS) and resting-state fMRI. PB was negatively correlated with GABA levels in the ACC (N = 221), and positively correlated with right ACC-seeded FC with the right precentral gyrus and the bilateral middle and posterior cingulate gyrus (N = 187). Furthermore, GABA concentrations and this FC were negatively correlated, and the FC mediated the association between GABA levels and PB (N = 171). Our results from a minimally biased, large-scale sample provide new insights into the neurometabolic and neurofunctional correlates of prosocial development during early adolescence.
Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung: Was Pflegende tun
können
Authors: Pelican Patric 
Published: January 2019

Zusammenfassung﻿Welche Interventionen gibt es, um Menschen mit einer
Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung zu unterstützen? Antworten suchte unser Autor
im Rahmen seiner Bachelorarbeit. Die wichtigsten pflegerischen Methoden und
Hilfsmittel, die er für die Betreuung von Patienten mit einer
Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung gefunden hat, stellt er hier vor.
Performance of a new preloaded fiducial needle to guide radiation therapy of upper gastrointestinal cancers
Authors: Phan Vinh-An , Dalfsen Raymond , Le Hien , Nguyen Nam Q. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background Insertion of fiducials to outline the targeted lesion allows image-guided radiotherapy, and is best achieved by endoscopic ultrasound (EUS). This study is a performance comparison of the new EUS-guided preloaded fiducial needle against Visicoil fiducials.
Methods Technical success, visibility score, procedural time, costs, and complications for patients who underwent EUS-guided fiducial placement in upper gastrointestinal malignancies were prospectively collected.
Results 60 patients with upper gastrointestinal cancers had fiducials (14 Visicoil; 46 preloaded fiducials) inserted for image-guided radiotherapy. Technical success was 100 %, with a shorter mean (standard deviation) insertion time of 0.94 minutes (0.28 minutes) vs. 5.5 minutes (1.9 minutes; P < 0.001) and higher visibility score on fluoroscopy of 2 vs. 1.18 (P < 0.001) in the preloaded group. Neither group had major complications related to fiducial insertion. The cost of consumables per patient was lower in the preloaded group at US$480 (US$124) vs. US$643 (US$123; P < 0.001).
Conclusion Fiducial insertion for image-guided radiotherapy using the new preloaded needle is associated with 100 % technical success, shorter insertion time, and higher visibility, and is more cost-effective than the Visicoil system.
The Difference between Cartilaginous and Bony Sulcus Angles for Patients with or without Patellofemoral Instability: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Tan Si Heng Sharon , Chng Kiat Soon Jason , Lim Beatrice Ying , Wong Keng Lin , Doshi Chintan , Lim Andrew Kean Seng , Hui James Hoipo 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe cartilaginous sulcus angle and bony sulcus angle have been widely used to evaluate trochlea dysplasia. The current review aims to evaluate (1) whether there is a difference in measurement for cartilaginous and bony sulcus angles, (2) whether both the cartilaginous and bony sulcus angles could be used to differentiate between patients with or without trochlear dysplasia, and (3) whether the same cut-off of 145 degrees, originally used for radiographs, can be applied for the cartilaginous and bony sulcus angles measured on CT and MRI. The review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRSIMA) guidelines. A total of 11 publications with 1204 patients were included. All publications reported the sulcus angle to be greater in patients with patellofemoral instability. All publications reported the cartilaginous sulcus angle to be greater than the bony sulcus angle (MD 7.27 degrees; 95% CI: 5.67 – 8.87). The mean cartilaginous sulcus angle for the control group was 141.83 degrees (95% CI: 139.90 – 143.76) while the mean cartilaginous sulcus angle for patients with patellofemoral instability was 156.24 degrees (95% CI: 153.71 – 158.77). The mean bony sulcus angle for the control group was noted to be 133.69 degrees (95% CI: 131.23 – 136.15) while the mean bony sulcus angle for patients with patellofemoral instability was 148.42 (95% CI: 144.02 – 152.82). Both the cartilaginous and bony sulcus angles measured on CT and MRI could therefore be used to differentiate between patients with and without trochlear dysplasia. However, the cartilaginous sulcus angles are significantly higher than that of bony sulcus angles. Different cut off values should therefore be used.
C. S. Lewis: A Very Short Introduction
Authors: Como James 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Beloved by children and adults worldwide, the writings of C. S. Lewis have a broad and enduring appeal. Although best known for the iconic Chronicles of Narnia series, C. S. Lewis was a man of many literary parts. Already well known as a scholar in the 1930s, he became a famous broadcaster during World War II and wrote in many genres: satire (The Screwtape Letters), science fiction (Perelandra), novels, poetry, and books on Christian belief. C. S. Lewis: A Very Short Introduction delves into the vast corpus of his work, discussing its core themes and lasting appeal. Moving chronologically through Lewis’s life, it provides a picture of the whole man, his work, and his enduring legacy.
Lewis ascendant
Authors: Como James 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
‘Lewis ascendant’ considers C. S. Lewis’s time in Oxford as a fellow at Magdalen College. It discusses his life as a tutor and lecturer, his writing through this period, and his friendships with the Inklings, an informal group of like-minded men who met regularly to converse and to read works-in-progress aloud. The literary result of Lewis’s conversion to Christianity was The Pilgrim’s Regress (1933), which displayed a dynamic new voice backed by a steel-trap mind and an imagination to match. The Allegory of Love (1936), a landmark of literary history, established Lewis as among the major literary medievalists in the world. Very different in tone are his sermons, including ‘Learning in War Time’ and ‘Transposition’.
Darkness and light
Authors: Como James 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
‘Darkness and light’ begins with a discussion of George MacDonald: An Anthology and Miracles (both 1947). It also describes Lewis’s home life, his wedding to Joy Gresham in 1955, and his appointment as Professor of Medieval and Renaissance Literature at Magdalene College, Cambridge. Other key works around this time included English Literature in the Sixteenth Century and De Descriptione Temporum, but the most famous of his works—The Chronicles of Narnia—were finally completed in 1953. The seven books—The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe; Prince Caspian; The Voyage of the ‘Dawn Treader’; The Silver Chair; The Horse and His Boy; The Magician’s Nephew; and The Last Battle—describe the world of Narnia.
A new day
Authors: Como James 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
In The Chronicles, Lewis comes as close to mysticism as he has in any other book, for Aslan, the holy of holies is the numinous made present. Though his apologetic writing becomes less polemical, a public not-avowedly Christian Lewis remains militant. Lewis has undergone many changes: near-despair, forgiveness, marriage, a monumental professional move, and a steady, but very new, rhythm that was less urgent. ‘A new day’ describes his one real novel, Till We Have Faces (1956), and other works: ‘Meditation in a Toolshed’, ‘Membership’, ‘The Seeing Eye’, Reflections on the Psalms, and The Four Loves. After the death of Joy in 1960, Lewis published A Grief Observed under the pseudonym N. W. Clerk.
Investigating Variability in L2 Development: Extending a Complexity Theory Perspective on L2 Writing Studies and Authorial Voice
Authors: Fogal Gary G 
Published: January 2019

AbstractApplying a complex dynamic systems view of writing development, this study explored how developmental variability can contribute to conceptualizing changes in L2 writing. Forty-two writing samples were collected from one Thai university student in Thailand studying actuary science in English. The writing samples were composed over four years and were holistically coded for degrees of appropriate authorial voice. Descriptive techniques, including linear and polynomial trend lines and a min-max graph, informed a visual inspection of the data. These techniques revealed quantitatively distinct projections of authorial voice that were marked by periods of progress and regress. A Monte Carlo simulation then tested the hypothesis that the variability was not due to chance. The analysis showed that variability played a statistically significant role in constructing authorial voice. This work demonstrates developmental behavior consistent with complex systems and how other measures of L2 writing mature and substantiates findings on the meaningful role variability contributes to L2 development. This study also expands the explanatory potential of complex dynamic systems theory for conceptualizing writing and more generally L2 development.
Altered Sex Ratios in Offspring of U.S. Submariners Urban Legend or Fact – Do Submariners Have More Daughters?
Authors: Kramer Kathleen , Raiciulescu Sorana , Olsen Cara , Hickey Kimberly , Ottolini Martin 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Introduction
There is a widespread and long-held belief in the submarine community that submariners father more daughters than the general population. The U.S. Sex Ratio at birth (males/females) has remained around 1.05 since the early 2000s. Limited evidence exists that certain environmental exposures including chemicals, heavy metals, radiation and g-forces may influence sex ratio at birth. A reduction in male births in a population has been associated with lower male fertility. A 1970 single site study showed a higher ratio of female offspring in personnel serving aboard U.S. Navy nuclear submarines than the general population. A 2004 study concluded that this was probably not true. However, this study was small, and did not evaluate the difference between children conceived during sea duty versus shore duty. They did note a higher chance of female offspring correlated with a longer time in the community, as well as an increased ratio in sonar technicians. These findings warrant further investigation.

Methods
An electronic survey was e-mailed to submariners, after receiving required IRB and Navy approvals. Participants were asked birth year, year they entered submarine service, and how many children they had. For each child they were asked sex, child’s birth year, mother’s birth year, and whether they were on sea duty or shore duty at the time of conception. Those who were on sea duty at the time of conception were asked what their job was, where they were stationed and what type of submarine they were on. Those who were on shore duty at the time of conception were asked whether they were in contact with submarines on a regular basis, whether they were officer or enlisted, and what region they were stationed in for shore duty.

Results
Four thousand eight hundred responses were received with a total of 6,958 children included in the analysis. Respondents had a SR of 0.95 compared to 1.05 U.S. population in 2015 (p < 0.0001). Submariners on sea duty had a SR of 0.88 compared to 1.02 on shore duty (p = 0.007). Those who had regular submarine contact on shore duty had a SR of 0.72 compared to 1.17 in those who did not (p < 0.001). Geographical location during shore duty did show differences that were statistically significant (p = 0.018). Geographical location during sea duty did not show significant differences. No significant differences were seen for paternal age, maternal age, job during sea duty, type of submarine assigned to or time in community.

Conclusion
The submariners surveyed reported greater numbers of daughters than the general population, especially when on sea duty or in regular contact with submarines during shore duty. Further study should be done to confirm results and explore possible etiologies of differences in sex ratio.