bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti‐FIRΔexon2, a splicing variant form of PUF60, autoantibody is detected in the sera of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Kobayashi Sohei , Hiwasa Takaki , Ishige Takayuki , Rahmutulla Bahityar , Kano Masayuki , Hoshino Tyuji , Minamoto Toshinari , Shimada Hideaki , Nomura Fumio , Matsubara Hisahiro , Matsushita Kazuyuki 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAnti‐PUF60 autoantibodies are reportedly detected in the sera of patients with dermatomyositis and Sjögren's syndrome; however, little is known regarding its existence in the sera of cancer patients. FIR, a splicing variant of the PUF60 gene, is a transcriptional repressor of c‐myc. In colorectal cancer, there is an overexpression of the dominant negative form of FIR, in which exon 2 is lacking (FIRΔexon2). Previously, large‐scale SEREX (serological identification of antigens by recombinant cDNA expression cloning) screenings have identified anti‐FIR autoantibodies in the sera of cancer patients. In the present study, we revealed the presence and significance of anti‐FIR (FIR/FIRΔexon2) Abs in the sera of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Our results were validated by an amplified luminescence proximity homogeneous assay using sera of patients with various cancer types. We revealed that anti‐FIRΔexon2 Ab had higher sensitivity than anti‐FIR Ab. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was applied for evaluating the use of anti‐FIRΔexon2 Ab as candidate markers such as anti‐p53 Ab and carcinoembryonic antigen, and the highest area under the ROC curve was observed in the combination of anti‐FIRΔexon2 Ab and anti‐p53 Ab. In summary, our results suggest the use of anti‐FIRΔexon2 Ab in combination with the anti‐p53 Ab as a predictive marker for ESCC. The area under the ROC curve was further increased in the advanced stage of ESCC. The value of anti‐FIRΔexon2 autoantibody as novel clinical indicator against ESCC and as a companion diagnostic tool is discussed.
The alpha‐melanocyte‐stimulating hormone acts as a local immune homeostasis factor in experimental allergic asthma
Authors: Webering Sina , Lunding Lars Peter , Vock Christina , Schröder Alexandra , Gaede Karoline I. , Herzmann Christian , Fehrenbach Heinz , Wegmann Michael 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundOriginally, the neuropeptide α‐melanocyte‐stimulating hormone (α‐MSH) has been described as a mediator of skin pigmentation. However, recent studies have shown that α‐MSH is able to modulate inflammation in various tissues including the lung. So far, it is still not clear whether α‐MSH also plays a role in allergic bronchial asthma.ObjectiveThis study aimed at investigating the role and regulatory mechanisms of α‐MSH in asthma pathogenesis.Methodsα‐MSH levels were measured in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid of asthmatic and non‐asthmatic individuals as well as of healthy mice and mice with experimental asthma. Wild‐type mice were sensitized to ovalbumin (OVA) and exposed to an OVA aerosol in order to induce experimental allergic asthma. α‐MSH was administrated intratracheally, the α‐MSH antibody intraperitoneally prior each OVA challenge. Airway inflammation, cytokine production, mucus production, airway hyperresponsiveness and receptor expression were assessed.Resultsα‐MSH levels in BAL of asthmatic individuals and mice were significantly higher compared to healthy controls. In a mouse model of experimental asthma, α‐MSH neutralization increased airway inflammation and mucus production, whereas local administration of α‐MSH significantly reduced inflammation of the airways. The beneficial effects were further associated with decreased levels of eosinophilic chemoattractant factors that are released by MC5R‐positive T helper 2 and airway epithelial cells.Conclusion and Clinical Relevanceα‐MSH acts as a regulatory factor to maintain local immune homeostasis in allergic bronchial asthma.
Alveolar ridge preservation in the posterior maxilla reduces vertical dimensional change: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Cha Jae‐Kook , Song Young Woo , Park Su‐Hyun , Jung Ronald E. , Jung Ui‐Won , Thoma Daniel S. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo test whether or not alveolar ridge preservation reduces vertical changes in the posterior maxilla compared to spontaneous healing following tooth extraction.Materials and methodsForty subjects requiring extraction of maxillary posterior teeth with root apices protruding into the maxillary sinus floor were consecutively enrolled. Patients were randomly assigned to either one of two surgical interventions: an alveolar ridge preservation procedure using collagenated bovine bone mineral and a resorbable collagen membrane (test) or no grafting (control). Cone‐beam computed tomographies were taken immediately and at 6 months after surgery, prior to dental implant placement.ResultsBased on radiographic data, the level of the sinus floor remained stable over time (baseline to 6 months) in the test group (−0.14 mm [−0.31, −0.02]). In the control group, the sinus floor level shifted more coronally (−1.16 mm [−1.73, −0.61]) than the test group (p < 0.05). The test group demonstrated a significantly larger residual bone height than the control group at 6 months (7.30 mm [6.36, 8.20] vs. 4.83 mm [3.94, 5.76], respectively, p < 0.05). Implant placement without any additional sinus augmentation procedure was performed in 42.9% of test group cases, whereas in all of the subjects in the control group an additional augmentation procedure was needed (100% of the cases).ConclusionAlveolar ridge preservation in the posterior maxilla maintained the vertical bone height more efficiently and resulted in less need for sinus augmentation procedures at 6 months compared to spontaneous healing.
Implant treatment in immunosuppressed renal transplant patients: A prospective case‐controlled study
Authors: Hernández Gonzalo , Paredes Víctor , López‐Pintor Rosa María , de Andrés Amado , de Vicente Juan Carlos , Sanz Mariano 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this clinical study was to evaluate long‐term outcomes of implant therapy in a cohort of immunosuppressed renal transplant patients compared with a matched control group.Material and methodsPharmacologically immunosuppressed renal transplant patients received dental implant treatment between 2001 and 2011. Periodontal, clinical and radiographic parameters were prospectively measured with a mean follow‐up of 116.8 months (range from 84 to 192 months). A matched controlled non‐transplant sample receiving similar implant treatment in the same time was included as a control group.ResultsImplant survival rate was over 98% in both test and control groups (100% and 98.84%, respectively). Peri‐implant mucositis was diagnosed in 46.80% of the implants in the study group and in 48.80% in the control group. Peri‐implantitis occurred in 5.10% of the implants in the study group and in 8.10% of the controls. Wound healing and post‐operative pain were similar in both groups.ConclusionsDespite the limitations of this study, pharmacological immunosuppression in renal transplant patients did not affect implant outcomes. Renal transplant patients should be carefully controlled periodically after implant treatment.Clinical implicationsThe results from this investigation justify the use of dental implants for the dentalrehabilitation of immunosuppressed patients after renal transplantation provided they follow the necessarylong‐term monitoring and regular maintenance of their oral and systemic health.
A composite measure of habitat loss for entire assemblages of species
Authors: Simmonds Jeremy S. , Watson James E. M. , Salazar Alvaro , Maron Martine 
Published: April 2019

AbstractHabitat destruction is among the greatest threats facing biodiversity, and it affects common and threatened species alike. However, metrics for communicating its impacts typically overlook the nonthreatened component of assemblages. This risks the loss of habitat going unreported for species that comprise the majority of assemblages. We adapted a widely used measure for summarizing researcher output (the h index) to provide a metric that describes natural habitat loss for entire assemblages, inclusive of threatened and nonthreatened species. For each of 447 Australian native terrestrial bird species, we combined information on their association with broad vegetation groups with distributional range maps to identify the difference between the estimated pre‐European and current extents of potential habitat, defined as vegetation groups most closely associated with each species. From this, we calculated the loss index (LI), which revealed that 30% of native birds have each lost at least 30% of their potential natural habitat (LI = 30). At the subcontinental scale, LIs ranged from 15 in arid Australia to 61 in the highly transformed southeastern part of the country. Different subcomponents of the assemblage had different LI values. For example, Australia's parrots (n = 52 species) had an LI of 38, whereas raptors (n = 32 species) had an LI of 25. The LI is simple to calculate and can be determined using readily available spatial information on species distributions, native vegetation associations, and human impacts on natural land cover. This metric, including the curves used to deduce it, could complement other biodiversity indices if it is used for regional and global biodiversity assessments that compare the status of natural habitat extent for assemblages within and among nations, monitor changes through time, and forecast future changes to guide strategic land‐use planning. The LI is an intuitive tool that can be used to summarize and communicate how human actions affect whole assemblages, not just threatened species.
Elective colectomy after acute diverticulitis: an international comparison
Authors: Hong M. K.‐Y. , Skandarajah A. R. , Joy M. P. , Hayes I. P. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimRoutine elective colectomy after acute diverticulitis is not recommended, yet significant numbers are still being performed. Amidst global concern over the rising costs of surgery and the value of healthcare, acute diverticulitis is a disease that is amenable to optimization of strategies for operative intervention. We aim to compare rates of elective colectomy after acute diverticulitis in the USA, England and Australia.MethodIndex unplanned admissions for acute diverticulitis were found from an international administrative dataset between 2008 and 2012 for hospitals in the USA, England and Australia. Recurrent unplanned admissions for acute diverticulitis and any subsequent elective admissions for colectomy were found between 2008 and 2014 to allow a minimum 2‐year follow‐up period. The primary outcome measured was elective colectomy rate. Secondary outcomes included rates of emergency operative intervention and recurrence. Multivariable analysis was performed to control for patient and disease factors.ResultsThere were 7842 index unplanned admissions for acute diverticulitis over 4 years in selected hospitals from the USA, England and Australia. The elective colectomy rates were 13%, 5.4% and 3.4% for the USA, England and Australia, respectively. The propensity for elective colectomy was higher in the USA (OR 4.2, P < 0.001) and England (OR 1.8, P < 0.001) than in Australia. The recurrence rate in all patients with acute diverticulitis was 10% across the countries.ConclusionThere is a higher propensity for elective colectomy after acute diverticulitis in the USA than in England and Australia. This highlights the possibilities for a less aggressive surgical approach to reduce resource utilization, but prospective analysis of information on quality of life is required to support this.
Spectrum of cytomorphological features of extranodal NK/T‐cell lymphoma, nasal type
Authors: Kaur Kanwalpreet , Kakkar Aanchal , Bhardwaj Nishu , Sakthivel Pirabu , Singh Chirom Amit , Jain Deepali , Mathur Sandeep R. , Iyer Venkateswaran K. , Sood Rita 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjectiveExtranodal natural killer/T‐cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKTL) is an aggressive extranodal lymphoma of NK‐cell or T‐cell lineage. Its clinical features overlap with those of several sinonasal mass lesions. While the histopathological features are well described, diagnosis is often difficult, owing to presence of extensive coagulative necrosis, so that repeated biopsies may sometimes be necessary for correct diagnosis. Literature on cytological findings of ENKTL is limited.MethodsCytomorphological features of cases of histologically confirmed ENKTL having corresponding cytology samples were reviewed retrospectively, to identify distinctive features that could possibly suggest this entity.ResultsAspirates from five patients were studied: four from cervical nodes, one from cheek swelling and one from pleural fluid. Two aspirates were reported as positive for malignancy, two as atypical lymphoid proliferation and one was non‐diagnostic. Pleural fluid was reported as malignant, favouring a diagnosis of carcinoma. On cytology, aspirates showed medium to large cells with folded, indented nuclei and abundant pale cytoplasm, some with tongue‐like cytoplasmic protrusions. A distinctive feature was presence of large loose clusters of tumour cells with arborising capillaries running through them. Interestingly, necrosis was consistently absent. Subsequent biopsies from palate (three cases) and nasal masses (two cases) confirmed the diagnosis of ENKTL.ConclusionsSuspicion of ENKTL on cytology is crucial for timely diagnosis to avoid diagnostic delay, especially when only highly necrotic biopsy samples are available. Awareness of distinctive cytomorphological features is required to make fine needle aspiration an effective diagnostic tool for initial diagnosis and for evaluation of possible recurrences.
Use and categorization of Light Detection and Ranging vegetation metrics in avian diversity and species distribution research
Authors: Bakx Tristan R. M. , Koma Zsófia , Seijmonsbergen Arie C. , Kissling W. Daniel 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimVegetation structure is a key determinant of animal diversity and species distributions. The introduction of Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) has enabled the collection of massive amounts of point cloud data for quantifying habitat structure at fine resolution. Here, we review the current use of LiDAR‐derived vegetation metrics in diversity and distribution research of birds, a key group for understanding animal–habitat relationships.LocationGlobal.MethodsWe review 50 relevant papers and quantify where, in which habitats, at which spatial scales and with what kind of LiDAR data current studies make use of LiDAR metrics. We also harmonize and categorize LiDAR metrics and quantify their current use and effectiveness.ResultsMost studies have been conducted at local extents in temperate forests of North America and Europe. Rasterization is currently the main method to derive LiDAR metrics, usually from airborne laser scanning data with low point densities (<10 points/m2) and small footprints (<1 m diameter). Our metric harmonization suggests that 40% of the currently used metric names are redundant. A categorization scheme allowed to group all metric names into 18 out of 24 theoretically possible classes, defined by vegetation part (total vegetation, single trees, canopy, understorey, and other single layers as well as multi‐layer) and structural type (cover, height, horizontal variability and vertical variability). Metrics related to canopy cover, canopy height and canopy vertical variability are currently most often used, but not always effective.Main conclusionsLight Detection and Ranging metrics play an important role in understanding animal space use. Our review and the developed categorization scheme may facilitate future studies in the selection, prioritization and ecological interpretation of LiDAR metrics. The increasing availability of airborne and spaceborne LiDAR data and the development of voxel‐based and object‐based approaches will further allow novel ecological applications, also for open habitats and other vertebrate and invertebrate taxa.
Integrating intraspecific differentiation in species distribution models: Consequences on projections of current and future climatically suitable areas of species
Authors: Lecocq Thomas , Harpke Alexander , Rasmont Pierre , Schweiger Oliver 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimConventional species distribution models (SDMs) usually focus on the species level but disregard intraspecific variability. Phylogeographic structure and evolutionary significant units (ESU) have been proposed as pragmatic proxies to incorporate intraspecific differentiation in SDMs. Nevertheless, the efficiency of using these proxies in SDMs has been poorly investigated. We analysed how the projections of current and future climatically suitable areas can be affected when using ESU‐based or lineage‐based models compared to a species‐level model.LocationWest‐Palaearctic region.MethodsAs examples, we used three bumblebee species (133,787 observations). We assessed potential climatic niche differentiation between species level, lineages and ESUs, by determining the niche position and niche breadth for each classification level by outlying mean index analyses. Subsequently, we developed SDMs for each species and classification level separately using boosted regression trees prior to a comparison of their performances. Finally, we used the alternative models to project the extent of climatically suitable areas in 2070.ResultsWe found that in spite of highly similar overall model accuracy, integrating intraspecific variability significantly increases model sensitivity (i.e., better predicting presences) while decreased model specificity (i.e., over‐predicting the range). Consequently, both predictions of current and projections of future suitable conditions differed among the three approaches.Main conclusionsWe showed that although integrating lineage or ESU information did not improve the accuracy of conventional species‐level SDMs, it led to considerably different conclusions. As SDM‐based climatic risk assessments are increasingly used to help and improve conservation plans, divergences and limitations of each modelling approach should be taken into account for developing efficient biodiversity management strategies. Lineage and ESU‐based SDMs offer the advantage to draw attention to species in which allopatric populations could display physiologically different responses to climate change when they lead to different results than species‐based models.
Camp‐based psychosocial intervention dosage and changes in independence in young people with spina bifida
Authors: Driscoll Colleen F Bechtel , Murray Caitlin B , Holbein Christina E , Stiles‐Shields Colleen , Cuevas Gina , Holmbeck Grayson N 
Published: April 2019

AimTo examine associations between camp‐based intervention dosage and changes in independence‐related skills for young people with spina bifida.MethodParticipants were 110 individuals (mean age [SD] 14y 7mo [6y 1mo], range 6–32y; 66 females, 54 males) who attended a summer camp for individuals with spina bifida between 2 to 6 times (mean 2.40; operationalized as ‘dosage’). Parents of young campers (e.g. those <18y) also participated in data collection. Campers and/or parents completed preintervention measures assessing campers’ level of medical responsibility, mastery over medical tasks, and social skills. Outcomes included change in preintervention scores from dose 1 to final dose.ResultsHierarchical regression analyses with and without covariates (age, IQ, and lesion level at dose 1) revealed that increased dosage was significantly associated with greater parent‐reported improvements in campers’ medical responsibility and mastery over medical tasks. Increased dosage was also significantly associated with camper‐report of increased medical responsibility, but this relationship was no longer significant when including covariates. Intervention dosage was not associated with changes in campers’ social skills.InterpretationRepeated participation in a camp‐based intervention was associated with improvements in condition‐related independence. Future work may focus on the development of interventions to promote improvements in social skills for young people with spina bifida.What this paper adds

Participating in an intervention over multiple summers is associated with increases in campers’ responsibility for spina bifida‐related tasks.

Repeated summer camp intervention participation is associated with improved mastery over condition‐related tasks for campers with spina bifida.

Repeated camp intervention participation is not associated with changes in social skills for campers with spina bifida.
A retrospective study of survival of 196 replanted permanent teeth in children
Authors: Wang Guiyan , Wang Chao , Qin Man 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackground/AimThe extra‐alveolar period and storage medium are important for the survival of replanted teeth. The aim of this study was to evaluate factors affecting the survival of replanted teeth in children.Material and MethodsComplete dental records of avulsed teeth including age, gender, extra‐alveolar time, storage type and period, stage of root development, crown fracture, gingival laceration, alveolar fracture, antibiotics, and splint type and period were obtained. Kaplan‐Meier, Cox regression and chi‐square tests were used to analyse the risk factors affecting survival (P < 0.05).ResultsThe study included 196 replanted teeth with a mean follow‐up period of 4.0 years. Forty‐two (21.4%), 45 (23.0%), and 109 teeth (55.6%) showed functional healing, inflammatory resorption and replacement resorption. The root resorption incidence of teeth with extra‐alveolar time longer than 30 minutes was higher vs teeth with a time of less than 30 minutes (P = 0.010). Physiologically stored replanted teeth showed lower incidence of root resorption (19/31, 61.3%) than those stored in non‐physiologic media (94/114, 82.5%) (P = 0.025). Root resorption incidence of teeth stored non‐physiologically within 30 minutes and then transferred to physiologic media (25/33, 75.8%) was similar to that of teeth stored physiologically (P = 0.127). Teeth stored non‐physiologically for longer than 30 minutes had a significantly higher root resorption incidence (99/113, 87.6%) than teeth stored non‐physiologically within 30 minutes (55/83, 66.3%) (odds ratio = 1.726, P = 0.001). Pulp canal obliteration occurred in five of the 56 immature teeth (8.9%) but two of them were later extracted because of replacement resorption. The survival of mature teeth (111/140, 79.3%) was significantly higher than that of immature teeth (39/56, 69.6%) (P = 0.007).ConclusionsThis study suggested that non‐physiologic storage within 30 minutes was critical for the periodontal healing of replanted teeth. Replanted immature teeth had lower survival rates than mature teeth.