bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sequence selection by FitSS4ASR alleviates ancestral sequence reconstruction as exemplified for geranylgeranylglyceryl phosphate synthase
Authors: Straub Kristina , Linde Mona , Kropp Cosimo , Blanquart Samuel , Babinger Patrick , Merkl Rainer 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
For evolutionary studies, but also for protein engineering, ancestral sequence reconstruction (ASR) has become an indispensable tool. The first step of every ASR protocol is the preparation of a representative sequence set containing at most a few hundred recent homologs whose composition determines decisively the outcome of a reconstruction. A common approach for sequence selection consists of several rounds of manual recompilation that is driven by embedded phylogenetic analyses of the varied sequence sets. For ASR of a geranylgeranylglyceryl phosphate synthase, we additionally utilized FitSS4ASR, which replaces this time-consuming protocol with an efficient and more rational approach. FitSS4ASR applies orthogonal filters to a set of homologs to eliminate outlier sequences and those bearing only a weak phylogenetic signal. To demonstrate the usefulness of FitSS4ASR, we determined experimentally the oligomerization state of eight predecessors, which is a delicate and taxon-specific property. Corresponding ancestors deduced in a manual approach and by means of FitSS4ASR had the same dimeric or hexameric conformation; this concordance testifies to the efficiency of FitSS4ASR for sequence selection. FitSS4ASR-based results of two other ASR experiments were added to the Supporting Information. Program and documentation are available at https://gitlab.bioinf.ur.de/hek61586/FitSS4ASR.
A Multi Scale Strategy for Simulation of Microstructural Evolutions in Friction Stir Welding of Duplex Titanium Alloy
Authors: Zhang Z. , Tan Z. J. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
A fully coupled thermo-mechanical model is established to simulate the temperature variations and the material deformations in friction stir welding (FSW) of Ti-6Al-4V. The extracted data are used for further simulation on microstructural evolutions. A multi scale model, which consists of the grain growth model in grain cluster scale and the phase transformation model in one grain scale, is proposed. The nuclei of α and β phases, the recrystallizations and the grain growths are systematically investigated. Comparisons with experimental data and experimental observations can validate the newly proposed microstructural evolution model for Ti-6Al-4V. Results indicate that the volume fractions of α and β phases can be directly determined by the cooling rates in FSW process. With the increase of the rotating speed, the volume fraction of α phase is increased and β phase decreased due to the increase of welding temperature. With the decrease of the translational speed, the volume fraction of α phase gets bigger and β phase smaller. The acicular α grain can be generated on the β grain boundaries and grows along <1 1 0> direction on β substrate. The average length of α grain can be increased with longer cooling time and decreased with lower rotating speed or higher translational speed.
Social categories, Standardized Relational Pairs and identity work in World War II-narratives
Authors: Schoofs Kim , Mieroop Dorien Van De 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Drawing on Membership Categorization Analysis, we aim to tease out how narrators talk into being the social group constellations in their storyworlds and how these – potentially shifting – constellations can be related to the narrator’s identity constructions. We investigate two World War II-testimonies narrated by Belgian concentration camp survivors and scrutinize whether the expected Standardized Relational Pair of victim-perpetrator – viz. the camp prisoners versus the Nazis – is in operation, how these two categories are talked into being, whether other social groups are mentioned and how all these processes affect the narrators’ identity work. It proved to be the case that, even though the victim-perpetrator Standardized Relational Pair is indeed present in both testimonies, it functions very differently in both stories, resulting in almost opposing identity work by the two narrators.
Sequential Control Underlies Robust Ramping Dynamics in the Rostrolateral Prefrontal Cortex
Authors: Desrochers Theresa M. , Collins Anne G.E. , Badre David 
Published: December 2018

An essential human skill is our capacity to monitor and execute a sequence of tasks in the service of an overarching goal. Such a sequence can be as mundane as making a cup of coffee or as complex as flying a fighter plane. Previously, we showed that, during sequential control, the rostrolateral prefrontal cortex (RLPFC) exhibits activation that ramps steadily through the sequence and is necessary for sequential task execution using fMRI in humans (Desrochers et al., 2015). It remains unknown what computations may underlie this ramping dynamic. Across two independent fMRI experiments, we manipulated three features that were unique to the sequential control task to determine whether and how they modulated ramping activity in the RLPFC: (1) sequence position uncertainty, (2) sequential monitoring without external position cues (i.e., from memory), and (3) sequential monitoring without multilevel decision making (i.e., task execution). We replicated the ramping activation in RLPFC and found it to be remarkably robust regardless of the level of task abstraction or engagement of memory functions. Therefore, these results both replicate and extend previous findings regarding the function of the RLPFC. They suggest that sequential control processes are integral to the dynamics of RLPFC activity. Advancing knowledge of the neural bases of sequential control is crucial for our understanding of the sequential processes that are necessary for daily living.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe perform sequences of tasks every day, but little is known about how they are controlled in the brain. Previously we found that ramping activity in the rostrolateral prefrontal cortex (RLPFC) was necessary to perform a sequence of tasks. We designed two independent fMRI experiments in human participants to determine which features of the previous sequential task potentially engaged ramping in the RLPFC. We found that any demand to monitor a sequence of state transitions consistently elicited ramping in the RLPFC, regardless of the level of the decisions made at each step in the sequence or engagement of memory functions. These results provide a framework for understanding RLPFC function during sequential control, and consequently, daily life.
Resistencia a colistín mediado por el gen mcr-1 identificado en cepas de Escherichia coli y Klebsiella pneumoniae. Primeros reportes en el Perú
Authors: Ugarte Silva Ruth Giovanna , Olivo López José Maria , Corso Alejandra , Pasteran Fernando , Albornoz Ezequiel , Sahuanay Blácido Zaida Patricia 
Published: December 2018

Introducción. Ante la aparición de reportes de la presencia del gen mcr-1 y su posible diseminación por plásmidos en los países de la región y dado que este gen confiere resistencia a colistín, fármaco que es la última línea de tratamiento contra bacterias multirresistentes, es importante conocer su presencia en nuestro país en microorganismos que lo expresen. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal. Se incluyeron microorganismos aislados de urocultivos de pacientes ambulatorios de un centro de salud privado en Lima, Perú, en agosto del año 2017. De 326 urocultivos positivos se seleccionaron 10 aislamientos entre cepas de Escherichia coli y Klebsiella pneumoniae que presentaron concentración mínima inhibitoria ≥4μg/mL (interpretado como resistente para colistín) por el sistema automatizado Microscan Walkaway 96 plus. Se utilizaron los siguientes métodos: colistín agar spot, predifusión con tabletas de colistín, microdilución en caldo colistin y PCR para el gen mcr-1. Resultados. Se determinó que 7 aislamientos, todas Escherichia coli, expresaron la presencia del gen mcr-1 por PCR, el cual confiere resistencia plasmídica a polipéptidos. De las cepas restantes, dos Escherichia coli y una Klebsiella pneumoniae, resultaron positivos para resistencia a colistín en las pruebas fenotípicas pero no en la PCR para gen mcr-1 lo cual sugiere un mecanismo de resistencia a colistín no asociado a gen mcr-1. Conclusiones. Se obtuvieron 7 aislamientos de Escherichia coli resistentes a colistín y con expresión del gen mcr-1.
PRAKTIK JUAL BELI KULIT MENTAH DI SUKAREGANG KABUPATEN GARUT DALAM PERSFEKTIF HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH
Authors: Salamah Ummu 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBuy and sell is an activity to trade goods to other goods or money, and vice versa. In this case Sharia has outlined various conditions and essential requirements so the trade can be considered valid. The object of this study is the practice of cow and sheep skin trade in Sukaregang, Garut Regency, with aims to determine the aspects of sharia economy in the trade, to find a way and solutions for a better system. This paper is based on field research results, used observation and interviews as data collecting methods upon sellers and buyers of cow and sheep skin in Sukaregang, Garut Regency. It shows that the skin trade use kilo system, by weighing the skin. It can be considered as goror, since skin quality is known after buyer process the skin into semi-finished goods. The seller’s motive using kilo system is to gain more profit, even though it will affect the quality of Garut’s leather industry.Keywords:sharia economic law, trading, cow and sheep skin, leather industry AbstrakJual beli adalah suatu kegiatan tukar menukar antara barang dengan barang, atau uang dengan barang, juga sebaliknya. Dalam hal ini syariah telah menggariskan berbagai syarat dan rukun agar jual beli tersebut dapat diakui keabsahannya. Dengan objek kajian praktek jual beli kulit sapi dan domba di daerah Sukaregang Kabupaten Garut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aspek hukum ekonomi syariah dalam praktik jual beli tersebut sehingga diharapkan menjadi jalan untuk mendapatkan solusi bagi para pelaku usaha agar terhindar dari kerugian di masa yang akan datang. Tulisan ini dasarkan pada hasil penelitian lapangan (field research) dengan menggunakan metode observasi dan interview kepada penjual dan pembeli kulit sapi dan domba di Sukaregang Kabupaten Garut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan jual beli kulit dengan sistem kilo tersebut mengandung unsur gharar, mengingat kualitas barang tidak tampak pada saat jual beli, dan baru diketahui setelah barang tersebut diolah oleh pembeli menjadi barang setengah jadi. Adapun faktor pendorong para penjual menggunakan sistem kilo tidak lebih dari motif untuk mendapatkan keuntungan, padahal jika diteliti lebih lanjut akan mengakibatkan penurunan kualitas industri kulit di Garut.Kata Kunci:hukum ekonomi syari’ah, jual beli, kulit sapi dan domba
BANTUAN HUKUM BAGI MASYARAKAT MISKIN DI PENGADILAN AGAMA CIMAHI TAHUN 2016
Authors: Susanto Yoghi Arief , Kania Dede , Burhanuddin Burhanuddin 
Published: December 2018

AbstractLegal assistance is a constitutional right of every citizen that is non-derogable rights as an effort to fulfil access to justice and equality before the law, especially for the poor and who doesn’t understand law. The implementation of legal assistance in the Cimahi Religious Court are not optimum due to lack of information, the presence of individuals who seeks personal benefits, and a common sense of high cost advocate services. This study is aimed to determine the implementation of legal assistance for the poor in the Cimahi Religious Court along with its supporting factors. This research is a qualitative research with descriptive analytical method and an empirical juridical approach. The utilized data are primary and secondary data. Data collection is done by interview techniques and literature studies. The implementation of legal assistance in the Cimahi Religious Court is still not effective due to legal factors, law enforcement factors, facilities, community factors and cultural factors. The inhibiting factor in legal assistance is a lack of socialization, difficult access for the community, and a culture in apparatus seeking personal gain. Supporting factors in legal assistance include good relations between legal aid agencies, increased awareness of the Village apparatus and KUA, and the existence of Cimahi Religious Court Website.Keywords:legal assistance, equality before the law, poor society. AbstrakBantuan hukum merupakan hak konstitusional setiap warga negara yang bersifat non derogable rights sebagai upaya mewujudkan Acces to Justice dan Equality Before The Law terutama untuk masyarakat miskin dan buta hukum. Fenomena yang terjadi di Pengadilan Agama Cimahi masih kurangnya informasi bantuan hukum, adanya oknum yang mencari keuntungan pribadi, dan anggapan mahalnya jasa advokat membuat pelaksanaan bantuan hukum belum maksimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan bantuan hukum bagi masyarakat miskin di Pengadilan Agama Cimahi beserta faktor penghambat dan penunjangnya. Penelitian menggunkn penelitian kualitatif dengan metode Deskriptif Analitis dn pendekatan Yuridis Empiris. Data yang digunakan adalah data Primer dan Sekunder. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik wawancara dan studi pustaka. Pelaksanaan bantuan hukum di Pengadilan Agama Cimahi masih belum efektif karena faktor hukum, faktor penegak hukum, faktor sarana, faktor masyarakat dan faktor budaya. Faktor penghambat dalam bantuan hukum adalah kurangnya sosialisasi, akses masyarakat yang masih sulit, dan ada budaya di aparat yang mencari keuntungan pribadi. Faktor penunjang dalam bantuan hukum diantaranya adanya hubungan baik antar lembaga pemberi bantuan hukum, meningkatnya kesadaran perangkat Desa, KUA dan ada Website Pengadilan Agama Cimahi.Kata Kunci :Bantuan Hukum, Equality Before The Law, Masyarakat Miskin
PANDANGAN HAKIM PENGADILAN AGAMA SERANG BANTEN TENTANG PELAKSANAAN ITSBAT NIKAH
Authors: Sanusi Ahmad 
Published: December 2018

AbstractReligious Court has authorities to examine and adjudicate cases such as istbat (marriage declaration) and has responsibility to give the best service they can provide for justice seekers on family law matters. This article is try to describe Serang Religious Court Judges’ opinions on marriage declaration upon siri marriage. From field research, it is found that the judges argued that marriage declaration is essentially needed to provide an opportunity for couples who were not registered. They conduct the registration/ declaration based on article 7 of the Islamic Law Compilation (KHI) as long as the unregistered marriages fulfilled the whole conditions required based on Islamic marriage law.Keywords:Religious Court, marriage legalization, unregistered marriages, judges view AbstrakPengadilan Agama sebagai lembaga yang berwenang memeriksa dan mengadili perkara istbat nikah, tentunya harus memberikan pelayanan yang terbaik bagi pencari keadilan agar permasalahan nikah di bawah tangan yang dilaksanakannya atau karena tidak punya akta nikah dapat segera teratasi, sehingga problematika yang terkait hal-hal keperdataan bagi pasangan suami istri dan anak-anak yang dilahirkan dapat terselesai­kan dengan baik. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan pandangan hakim PA Serang tentang Itsbat Nikah karena nikah sirri, termasuk pelaksanaan dan bentuk itsbat nikah yang diitsbatkan karena nikah siri di pengadilan tersebut. Dari hasil penelitian lapangan dapat disimpulkan bahwa hakim Pengadilan Agama Serang berpandangan isbat nikah itu pada prinsipnya memberikan peluang kepada mereka yang tidak mencatatkan pernikahannya dengan dasar Pasal 7 Kompilasi Hukum Islam (HKI), selama syarat dan rukun pernikahan dipenuhi maka dapat diisbatkan selama tidak menyulitkan pihak lain.Kata Kunci: Pengadilan Agama, Itsbat nikah, Nikah sirri, Pandangan hakim
PRINSIP-PRINSIP HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH DALAM UNDANG-UNDANG PERBANKAN SYARIAH
Authors: Kholid Muhamad 
Published: December 2018

AbstractSince Law Number 21 of 2008 concerning Sharia Banking was ratified and promulgated on July 16, 2008, the existence of Islamic Banking in Indonesia has a very strong formal juridical basis so that the institutions, business activities and operations of Islamic banking in Indonesia are required to apply sharia principles. This paper aims to explain the principles of sharia economic law which are adopted and become the foundation of the Islamic banking law. The methodology used in this study is to use analytical descriptive method with a normative juridical approach with qualitative analysis. Based on the results of the discussion, the following research is produced, namely that sharia principles in the Sharia Banking Act can be found in Article 1 paragraph (13), (20), (21), (22), (23), (24), (25), and (28); Explanation of Article 3; Article 5 paragraph (4); Article 19 paragraph (1) letters a, b, c, d, e, f, g, and i; Article 19 paragraph (2) letters a, b, c, d, e, f, g, and i; Article 21; consideration of letter (a); and the phrase "With the Grace of God Almighty" at the beginning of the Sharia Banking Act. While the principles of Islamic economic law can be found in Article 1 paragraph (2), (8), (16), (21), (22), (23), (24), (25), (26), ( 27); Section 2; Article 4; Article 19; Article 26; and Article 40 paragraph (1) Sharia Banking Law.Keywords : Sharia Economic Law, Sharia BankAbstrakSejak disahkan dan diundangkan Undang-undang Nomor 21 Tahun 2008 tentang Perbankan Syariah pada tanggal 16 Juli 2008, keberadaan Perbankan syariah di Indonesia memiliki landasan yuridis formal yang sangat kuat sehingga kelembagaan, kegiatan usaha dan operasional perbankan syariah di Indonesia wajib menerapkan prinsip-prinsip syariah. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan prinsip-prinsip hukum ekonomi syariah yang diangkat dan menjadi landasan undang-undang perbankan syariah tersebut. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan metode deskriptif analitis dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan analisis kualitatif. Berdasar­kan hasil pembahasan maka dihasilkan penelitian sebagai berikut, yaitu bahwa prinsip-prinsip syariah dalam Undang-undang Perbankan Syariah adalah dapat ditemu­kan pada Pasal 1 ayat (13), (20), (21), (22), (23), (24), (25), dan (28); Penjelasan Pasal 3; Pasal 5 ayat (4); Pasal 19 ayat (1) huruf a, b, c, d, e, f, g, dan i; Pasal 19 ayat (2) huruf a, b, c, d, e, f, g, dan i; Pasal 21; pertimbangan huruf (a); dan frase “Dengan Rahmat Tuhan Yang Maha Esa” di awal Undang-undang Perbankan Syariah. Sedangkan asas-asas hukum ekonomi syariah dapat ditemukan pada Pasal 1 ayat (2), (8), (16), (21), (22), (23), (24), (25), (26), (27); Pasal 2; Pasal 4; Pasal 19; Pasal 26; dan Pasal 40 ayat (1) Undang-undang Perbankan Syariah.Kata Kunci: Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, Perbankan Syariah.
Echocardiography in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Akramova E. G. , Feyskhanova L. I. 
Published: December 2018

Aim. To assess echocardiographic data in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Material and methods. We included to study 129 women who underwent echocardiography (EchoCG) with Vivid-E9 ultrasound scanner: 55 people with RA and 32 with RA+arterial hypertension (AH). Allowing for the fact that in 36,8% of cases RA was combined with AH, the control group in addition to 14 healthy individuals included 28 people with AH.Results. The systolic function of the left ventricle (LV), according to the size of the ejection fraction (EF), was preserved. EchoCG diagnosed diastolic dysfunction in 18,2% of patients with RA and 28,1% with RA + AH: usually of a rigid type (16,4% and 18,7%, respectively), less commonly pseudonormal (1,8% and 9,4%, respectively). An association of age and a) wall thickness, LV myocardium mass (r=0,46 and 0,6, respectively; p<0,0001) was found among patients with RA, which is absent in the group with AH; b) data characterizing the state of heart diastolic function (r=0,2÷0,31; p=0,001 and 0,03); c) global deformation (r=0,22; p=0,03). LV hypertrophy was noted in 3,6% of individuals with RA and 34,4% with RA+AH (p=0,02). The global deformation value more than -19,6% was in 34,5% of patients with RA and 59,4% with RA+AH (p=0,03). The global deformation changes were significant only in the presence of LV hypertrophy. Valve leaflet involvement and pathological regurgitation were present in 16,4% of patients with RA and in 31,2% of patients with RA+AH (p<0,05); open foramen ovale was noted in 3,6% and 15,6%, respectively (p<0,05); cardiac dropsy — in 18,2% and 12,5%, respectively.Conclusion. EchoCG examination in various modes and technologies determined pathological changes, such as LV hypertrophy, valve disorders, mild cardiac dropsy, open foramen ovale, diastolic dysfunction and longitudinal systolic LV dysfunction in 45,4% of patients with RA and 96,9% with RA+AH. The value of the global systolic function can be a significant addition to the formation of cardiac risk groups with early prenosological signs of heart damage.
Efficacy of Single-Agent Chemotherapy for Patients with Advanced Invasive Lobular Carcinoma: A Pooled Analysis from Three Clinical Trials
Authors: Pérez-Garcia José , Cortés Javier , Metzger Filho Otto 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Background
Data on the efficacy of chemotherapy regimens in patients with advanced invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) of the breast are limited. We investigated the efficacy of single-agent eribulin for the treatment of advanced ILC when compared with invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC).

Patients and Methods
Results from the eribulin arms of two phase III studies (305 [EMBRACE] and 301) and a single-arm, phase II study were pooled. The studies involved patients with metastatic breast cancer who had previously received treatment with an anthracycline and a taxane. In all three studies, the dose of eribulin mesylate was 1.4 mg/m2 given on days 1 and 8 of a 21-day cycle. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and response rates in patients with ILC were assessed and compared with data from patients with IDC.

Results
In total, 1,152 patients were included in this analysis (118 patients with ILC and 1,034 patients with IDC). Median OS was similar in patients with ILC and IDC (13.4 vs. 13.5 months; hazard ratio [HR], 1.10; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.87–1.38); as was median PFS (4.1 vs. 3.6 months; HR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.72–1.14). There were no major differences in response rates between the two groups.

Conclusion
This retrospective analysis suggests that eribulin demonstrates similar efficacy in patients with ILC and IDC with metastatic disease who have previously received an anthracycline and a taxane.