bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation between Apolipoprotein B/Apolipoprotein A-I Ratio with Atherogenic Index of Plasma among Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients
Authors: Setiawan Winardi Emmanuel , Hartopo Anggoro Budi , Rozqie Royhan 
Published: August 2018

BACKGROUND: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the most common cause of death in the world. One preventive attempt to reduce AMI is early detection of blood lipid profile. A simple method of lipid profile assessment is the measurement of atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), meanwhile more accurate method of lipid profile assessment is the measurement of apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotien A-I (ApoB/ApoAI) ratio. However, whether both measurements are interchangeable is need to be investigated. This study aims to investigate the correlation between AIP value and ApoB/ApoAI ratio in patients with AMI.METHODS: The study design was cross-sectional study. The blood samples of consecutively enrolled AMI patients had been selected after inclusion and exclusion criteria. The blood samples were taken within 24 hours of patient admission to the hospital. The blood concentration of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglycerides (TG) were measured using turbidimetric method. The AIP was calculated as logarithmic of TG/HDL ratio (log10.[TG:HDL]) The concentration of ApoB and ApoAI were measured using immunoturbidimetric method. The correlation between these measurements was analyzed with Pearson correlation test.RESULTS: The blood samples of 76 subjects were collected and analyzed. The subjects were dominated by male (n=67, 88%) and those whose age ≥55 years old (n=54, 71%). The mean ApoB value was 88.66 mg/dL and ApoAI was 97.39 mg/dL. The AIP value was 0.05. The Pearson correlation test between AIP and ApoB/ApoAI ratio showed a significant positive correlation with the strength of correlation was moderate (r=0.51, p-value<0.01).CONCLUSION: There was a significantly positive and moderate correlation between AIP value and ApoB/ApoAI ratio in acute myocardial infarction patients.KEYWORDS: atherogenic index of plasma, acute myocardial infarction, apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A-I ratio
PENERAPAN APLIKASI SAIBA UNTUK PENYUSUNAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN
Authors: Permana Arieffin Dian 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT Information technology (IT) have a great impact to all over environmental society, especially for bussines and accounting. Nowdays, information technology is already used in government sectors. Society are prosecute government sektors works efficiently and effectively to give a excellent public services, because the objectives of government sectors is to produce better pulic services. One of government sectors responsibility for society is to produce financial statement. Financial statement represent the performance of government sectors. Financial statement is arranged according to goverment standards and laws. Implementation of good governance in government sectors, makes a great revolution on government accounting basis. Prior the implementation of good governance, accounting basis for government sectors is a cash basis. Now the standards requires accrual basis to be used in addition to report financial statement. This differences makes a adjustments are needed on the government financial reporting process. Then, government launch SAIBA (Sistem Akuntansi Instansi Berbasis Accrual) to accommodate this conditions. The writer main focussed is to describe the characteristic, advantages, and disadvantages of application but not how to this applications works. Keywords : Information Technology, Good Governance, SAIBA, Financial Statement, Cash Basis, Accrual Basis.
MEMAHAMI KONSEP KEMANUNGGALAN DALAM AKUNTANSI: KRITIK ATAS UPAYA MENDEKONSTRUKSI AKUNTANSI KONVENSIONAL MENUJU AKUNTANSI SYARIAH DALAM BINGKAI TASAWUF
Authors: Sulistiyo Agung Budi 
Published: August 2018

Until now, have not many Shari’ah accounting researchers and thinkers who perform critical review of the various Shari’ah accounting concepts. This paper done in order to view critically one of Shari’ah accounting concepts, that is manunggaling kawulo gusti. This concepts is to symbolize or representate of the pairs of epistemology.
This symbolizasion is not precise because of these two things have difference understanding. The pairs of epistemology to point out combinationfrom two differences characteristic, but have same level whereas manunggaling kawulo gusti need to united and disolved from these two differences characteristic and level.
Because of that, in principle to describe reality of accountancy that holistic characteristic,we must give two characteristic like egoistic-altruistic, masculine-feminin, materialistic-spiritualistic etc in same level and isn’t disolved each other to or change one of other.

Keywords: syari’ah accounting, pairs of epistemology, manunggaling kawulo gusti
O sentido das cidades virtuais
Authors: Dias Cristiane 
Published: August 2018

O presente artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre a linguagem informática, numérica, como mediadora das relações que se estabelecem entre o sujeito e os sentidos produzidos sobre cidade, num ambiente virtual. Para tanto, vou analisar uma montagem discursiva de imagens do percurso de um avatar no ambiente virtual do Second Life da favela de Heliópolis, na cidade de São Paulo e Cidade de Deus, no Rio de Janeiro. Essa análise tem como objetivo compreender como o discurso da cidade se textualiza na materialidade do mundo virtual,considerando, de um lado, a linguagem informática em sua forma visível e, de outro lado, a linguagem humana,em sua forma material.
Distributividade: o caso dos numerais reduplicados em Karitiana
Authors: Müller Ana 
Published: August 2018

Este artigo investiga interpretações distributivas de sentenças com e sem operadores distributivos abertos em karitiana frente a duas teorias semânticas: uma que propõe que a fonte da distributividade é a existência de um operador distributivo (cf. Link 1983, 1987 e Lasersohn 1995, 1998, entre outros) e outra que propõe duas fontes possíveis para a distributividade – plural lexical e pluralização do sintagma verbal (cf. Kratzer 2003, 2005). Em particular, o artigo investiga a semântica dos numerais distributivos em karitiana. O artigo conclui que interpretações distributivas são geradas de pelo menos duas maneiras nessa língua e possivelmente em todas as línguas humanas: cumulatividade (plural) lexical e pluralização do predicado. Em particular, para o karitiana, defendemos que os numerais distributivos pluralizam eventos e determinam a cardinalidade do argumento nominal interno do sintagma distribuído.
O frame de comunicação em português do Brasil: uma proposta de descrição
Authors: Vaz Francine Ferreira , Rocha Luiz Fernando Matos 
Published: August 2018

Inserido no projeto FrameNet Brasil (SALOMÃO, 2009), este estudo se configura como uma proposta de descrição, por meio de análise de corpus, do frame de Comunicação, do português brasileiro, tendo como base o frame correlato do inglês, descrito pelo projeto FrameNet americano (FILLMORE, 2008; RUPPENHOFER et Al., 2010). Com o suporte teórico da Semântica de Frames (FILLMORE, 1982), o trabalho é desenvolvido nos moldes da FrameNet americana, partindo da descrição do frame e da definição dos seus elementos centrais e periféricos para a anotação das Unidades Lexicais (ULs), e.g. "comunicar". Dessa forma, explicitaram-se padrões semântico-sintáticos de corpora de português do Brasil para que fossem comparados com os padrões do inglês. A hipótese inicial de que o frame do português seguiria o do inglês foi comprovada; no entanto, percebeu-se que o comportamento das ULs de cada frame é um pouco distinto nas duas línguas estudadas. Este trabalho contribui para que, futuramente, seja possível criar uma rede de equivalentes semânticos entre as diferentes línguas, através da descrição dos frames de cada uma delas.
Apresentação
Authors: Possenti Sírio , Baldini Lauro José Siqueira 
Published: August 2018

Em nome do Departamento de Linguística do Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, apresentamos aos interessados em linguística o volume 55(2) da revista Cadernos de Estudos Linguísticos. Trata-se de volume organizado a partir de trabalhos submetidos pelos autores. A partir de trabalhos aceitos, os editores organizaram um volume que representa, pelo menos em parte, a diversidade das pesquisas na área. Poder-se-á ver que, ao lado de trabalhos que podem ser considerados teóricos, o dominam os que tratam de fatos. Levar corpora a sério não é aderir a um reles empirismo, como eventualmente se pensa. Pode mesmo evitar a repetição enfadonha de lugares comuns. Esperamos, com isso, favorecer o debate.
Using Integrated Environmental Modeling to Assess Sources of Microbial Contamination in Mixed‐Use Watersheds
Authors: Kim Keewook , Whelan Gene , Molina Marirosa , Parmar Rajbir , Wolfe Kurt , Galvin Michael , Duda Paul , Zepp Richard , Kinzelman Julie L. , Kleinheinz Gregory T. , Borchardt Mark A. 
Published: August 2018

Microbial fate and transport in watersheds should include a microbial source apportionment analysis that estimates the importance of each source, relative to each other and in combination, by capturing their impacts spatially and temporally under various scenarios. A loosely configured software infrastructure was used in microbial source‐to‐receptor modeling by focusing on animal‐ and human‐impacted mixed‐use watersheds. Components include data collection software, a microbial source module that determines loading rates from different sources, a watershed model, an inverse model for calibrating flows and microbial densities, tabular and graphical viewers, software to convert output to different formats, and a model for calculating risk from pathogen exposure. The system automates, as much as possible, the manual process of accessing and retrieving data and completes input data files of the models. The workflow considers land‐applied manure from domestic animals on undeveloped areas; direct shedding (excretion) on undeveloped lands by domestic animals and wildlife; pastureland, cropland, forest, and urban or engineered areas; sources that directly release to streams from leaking septic systems; and shedding by domestic animals directly to streams. The infrastructure also considers point sources from regulated discharges. An application is presented on a real‐world watershed and helps answer questions such as: What are the major microbial sources? What practices contribute to contamination at the receptor location? What land‐use types influence contamination at the receptor location? and Under what conditions do these sources manifest themselves? This research aims to improve our understanding of processes related to pathogen and indicator dynamics in mixed‐use watershed systems.Core Ideas
We performed a microbial source apportionment and risk assessment on a mixed‐use watershed.
Our work links water safety, environmental quality, and human health using integrated modeling.
The modeling workflow informs on which microbial sources and land‐use types are of importance.
We discuss how microbial criteria can be interpreted by linking modeling and monitoring.
Such assessment can help determine the appropriateness of waivers to water quality criteria.
A Grayscale Image Hiding Encode Scheme for Secure Transmission
Authors: Narmatha C. , Manimegalai P. , Manimurugan S. 
Published: August 2018

Background:
To transmit the secret data are in a secure manner or to prevent the intruder/
third party activities while transmitting secret data’s through the public networks are challenging
task now. In order to deal with these situations, this paper presents an encryption/encoding
technique of MSI (Modified Steganography for Image) for secret data before transmitting over the
network.

Methods:
The MSI technique is classified into two phases, one is stegano image creation by encode
process and another one is reconstructing the secret data from the stegano image by decode
process. In encode process, the grayscale cover and secret images are considering as an input. In
addition, segregation, 8-bit binary conversion, substitution and decimal conversion processes are
doing a vital role in hiding the secret image into a cover image. The MSI encoded stegno image is
almost equal to the cover image and it's not an easy to identify by the Human Visual Attack
(HVA).

Results & Conclusion:
To evaluate the proposed MSI encoding process the time, signal to noise
ratio, complexity and strength are considering as the parameters. In result, the MSI encode technique
is providing good reconstruction image quality, strong against the pixel attack and HVA,
less execution time than the conventional schemes.
An Early Stone Age in Western Africa? Spheroids and polyhedrons at Ounjougou, Mali
Authors: De Weyer Louis 
Published: August 2018

Ounjougou stratigraphic sequence (Bandiagara, Dogon Country, Mali) is the most complete record in Western Africa for the Middle Pleistocene. This paper focuses on the lithic industry unearthed in the lowest levels of the sequence. Despite the impossibility to fix the dating of those layers, the assemblage clearly presents Oldowan features. A strong erosive process, combined to the absence of Acheulean industry, strengthens the idea of a probable ancient age for the lithic industry. Morphometric, Technological and techno-functional approaches were performed to study sandstone polyhedrons, spheroids and bolas, abundant in the collection, along with a flake production on quartz and quartzite pebbles.
This study demonstrates that polyhedrons, spheroids and bolas were shaped from independent chaînes opératoires to realize specific tasks. The hypothesis of opportunistic knapping does not fit with these materials at Ounjougou. The evidence of shaping is highlighted by diacritic schemes showing that the flakes detached are not controlled for their usability, but for shaping the morphology of the spheroid. Apart from those polyhedrons and spheroids, flake production is also identified. While the shaping process is made on sandstone cobbles, sharp flakes are produced from quartz pebbles. This clear choice of different raw materials to produce shaped heavy tools in one hand and light flake tools in another hand strengthens the idea of a deliberate shaping of spheroid tools.
The discussion compares this assemblage with other known assemblages like Ain Hanech and Olducai Gorge. Our point focus on the methodology used to study these specific artefacts, very different from one author to another. We stress out the fact that using the term ‘polyhedron’ is not accurate to define artefacts that can refer to shape tools or multifacial cores. We suggest to avoid using it and to focus on a technical identification to name the artefacts as cores or tools. The technological and techno-functional approaches are relevant to make this distinction.
Then we propose some hypothesis about the use of spheroid and bolas and suggest experiments and traceological analyses in the future to confirm their functionality.
Ounjougou lithic tool kit, composed of flake débitage, retouched flakes and shaped tools on pebbles, along with the spheroids and bolas component, gives an evidence of a diversified tool kit corresponding to the Oldowan Industrial Complex, and then represents the first Early Stone Age site in stratigraphy in Western Africa.
Between the flake and the blade: Associated systems of production at Riparo Tagliente (Veneto, northern Italy)
Authors: Carmignani Leonardo 
Published: August 2018

The Riparo Tagliente site (Verona, Italy) shows three macro phases in which high technological variability can be observed. The aim of this study is to evaluate the specific role of the Middle Paleolithic blade production within this variability. Preliminary results show a complex scenario in which the role of the blade is strictly linked with flake production through mixed reduction systems.
Two different approaches were used for analysing the lithic assemblages from the site. The first analysis focused on the identification of the reduction systems by determining the techniques, methods and concepts underlying the entire chaîne opératoire. The second approach concentrated on analysing blade production in order to identify its variability.
Evidence of blade technology from the Middle Pleistocene (MIS 8-6) has been found in northern Europe (France, Belgium). Later, during MIS 5 blades can be found over a larger area, this time also including north-western Germany and the central-southern part of France. A third period (MIS 4-3) marks the appearance of laminar production in southern Europe, including in the Italian peninsula. Based on the present state of research these three phases appear to be on-and-off events without clear evolutionary continuity.
By repositioning the sequence of Riparo Tagliente within the Italian context we can observe that at the end of the Mousterian period the technological patterns differ greatly, with laminar production being one of its most evident expressions. The origin of this fragmentation is questionable.
Chemical and isotopic signatures of hot springs from east-central Sonora State, Mexico: a new prospection survey of promissory low-to-medium temperature geothermal systems
Authors: Almirudis Erika , Santoyo-Gutiérrez Edgar R. , Guevara Mirna , Paz-Moreno Francisco , Portugal Enrique 
Published: August 2018

A promissory low-to-medium temperature geothermal system located in Sonora (Mexico) has been studied. In the present work, a detailed geochemical survey was carried out to understand the hydrogeochemical signatures of hot spring waters. A field work campaign was conducted for collecting water samples from twelve hot springs placed in four major zones (NW, NE, C, and S). The collected samples were analysed by chemical and isotopic methods for determining their chemical (major and trace elements) and isotopic (18O/16O and D/H) compositions. Using geochemometric analyses of the fluid composition and fractionation, depletion and enrichment processes exhibited by major and trace elements were analysed.
Hydrogeochemical classification was used to indicate the presence of sodium-sulphate (Na-SO4) waters in the North (NW and NE) and South hydrothermal zones; whereas calcium-magnesium-bicarbonate (Ca-Mg-HCO3) waters were identified for the Central zone. Some hot spring waters located in the NE zone were also typified as sodium-bicarbonate (Na-HCO3). In relation to the isotopic signatures of 18O/16O and D/H, four water samples from NE and C zones lie near to the global meteoric water line; whereas the remaining eight samples showed a shift for both oxygen and deuterium isotopes. A mixing line with a small shift of δ18O was identified and used as a proxy to discriminate waters with different isotopic signatures.
After applying a geochemometric outliers detection/rejection and an iterative ANOVA statistical test, the mean temperature inferred from the most reliable solute geothermometers was 149±40 °C, which suggests to be considered as the minimum value of the reservoir temperature. As most of the hot spring waters fall outside of the full equilibrium curve, the original reservoir conditions were corrected by using a mixing conductive model, which predicted a deep equilibrium temperature of 210±11 °C. As this temperature is considerably higher than the mean temperature inferred from the geothermometers, it was suggested as an optimistic maximum reservoir temperature of the Sonora geothermal system.
Using 150 °C and 200 °C as rounded-off reservoir temperatures (or min-max estimates), geochemical equilibria modelling based on fluid-mineral stability diagrams was carried out. An equilibrium process among local hydrothermal waters and albite-potassium feldespar and muscovite-prehnite-laumontite mineral assemblages was found. These minerals were proposed as representative mineral assemblages of low-grade metamorphism, which seems to indicate that the geothermal fluid equilibria were probably reached within the intermediate to acidic volcanic rocks from the Tarahumara Formation.
SITUAÇÃO DOS EXTINTORES DE INCÊNDIO EM ESTABELECIMENTOS COMERCIAIS DO MUNICÍPIO DE VITÓRIA DA CONQUISTA, BAHIA
Authors: Cunha Wéltima Teixeira , Carmo Bruno Jesus , Santos Lindiene Pedreira 
Published: August 2018

Fogo é necessário para a humanidade, entretanto, muitas vezes, fica fora de controle e passa a ser um agente causador de incêndios, destruição do meio ambiente e mortes, seja na área urbana ou na área rural. Os extintores de incêndio são aparelhos destinados a combater o princípio de incêndio. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar, nos estabelecimentos comerciais de Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brasil, se os extintores portáteis de combate a incêndio estão instalados de acordo com as normas vigentes de proteção, enfatizando a instalação, a visibilidade e se estão desobstruídos. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, executado mediante a técnica de observação, que envolveu 30 estabelecimentos comerciais. Utilizou-se a técnica de observação descritiva, por ser uma importante fonte de coleta de informações sobre o objeto de análise proposto – os extintores portáteis de incêndio. Os resultados mostraram que todos os estabelecimentos comerciais observados tinham extintores. Todos eles (100%) estavam obstruídos e 80% sem sinalização. Concluiu-se que os extintores de incêndio dos 30 estabelecimentos comerciais de Vitória da Conquista encontravam-se em desacordo com as normas vigentes, no tocante à instalação, localização, sinalização, visibilidade e desobstrução.
Palavras-chave: Extintor de incêndio. Norma regulamentadora. Estabelecimento comercial.
Fracture Interaction during Temporarily Plugging Staged Fracturing
Authors: BO Wang , FUJIAN Zhou , JIA Hu , LIYANG Gao , LISHAN Yuan , YUE Wang 
Published: August 2018

Temporarily plugging staged fracturing technique has been successfully applied in unconventional reservoirs.Using XFEM-based CZM (cohesive zone model based on the extended finite element method), a 2D capturing stress interference and coupling fluid –solid model was established to investigate the process of the technique. The key points are as follows: (1) The diameter of the whole model was 1000m. The enriched zone is a square with the length of 200 m. The whole model has 162299 nodes and 161901 elements. The quality of meshes meets the requirement of XFEM convergence. (2) plugging efficiency of diverting agents is simulated by changing injection rate. (3) the boundary condition of propped fractures is maintained by surface pressure, change of which simulates filtrate loss rate; (4) heterogeneity along horizontal well is simulated by setting various properties surrounding the subsequent fractures. The simulation results reveal that: (1) in-situ stress contrast affects the extent of the stress alteration zone, while in-situ stress magnitude impacts fracture length and width; (2) proper plugging efficiency will help to achieve even treated effect along the horizontal well; (3) with the augment of formation permeability, the extents of stress reversal and reorientation become small, thus subsequent fractures tend to propagate along the direction of maximum principle stress. (4) Young modulus and tensile strength have a great influence on propagation path, propagation rates, fracture length and width.