bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical validity and intrarater and test–retest reliability of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐5 – Clinician Version (SCID‐5‐CV)
Authors: Osório Flávia L. , Loureiro Sonia Regina , Hallak Jaime Eduardo C. , Machado‐de‐Sousa João Paulo , Ushirohira Juliana M. , Baes Cristiane V. W. , Apolinario Thiago D. , Donadon Mariana F. , Bolsoni Livia M. , Guimarães Thiago , Fracon Victor S. , Silva‐Rodrigues Ana Paula Casagrande , Pizeta Fernanda Aguiar , Souza Roberto Mascarenhas , Sanches Rafael Faria , dos Santos Rafael G. , Martin‐Santos Rocio , Crippa José Alexandre S. 
Published: September 2019

AimThe Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM is one of the most used diagnostic instruments in clinical research worldwide. The current Clinician Version of the instrument (SCID‐5‐CV) has not yet been assessed in respect to its psychometric qualities. We aimed to assess the clinical validity and different reliability indicators (interrater test–retest, joint interview, face‐to‐face vs telephone application) of the SCID‐5‐CV in a large sample of 180 non‐prototypical and psychiatric patients based on interviews conducted by raters with different levels of clinical experience.MethodsThe SCID‐5‐CV was administered face‐to‐face and by telephone by 12 psychiatrists/psychologists who took turns as raters and observers. Clinical diagnoses were established according to DSM‐5 criteria and the longitudinal, expert, all data (LEAD) procedure. We calculated the percentage of agreement, diagnostic sensitivity and specificity, and the level of agreement (kappa) for diagnostic categories and specific diagnoses.ResultsThe percentage of positive agreement between the interview and clinical diagnoses ranged between 73% and 97% and the diagnostic sensitivity/specificity were >0.70. In the joint interview, the levels of positive agreement were high (>75%) and kappa levels were >0.70 for most diagnoses. The values were less expressive, but still adequate, for interrater test–retest interviews.ConclusionThe SCID‐5‐CV presented excellent reliability and high specificity as assessed with different methods. The clinical validity of the instrument was also confirmed, which supports its use in daily clinical practice. We highlight the adequacy of the instrument to be used via telephone and the need for careful use by professionals with little experience in psychiatric clinical practice.
Cardiovascular disease risk among rural residents living with diabetes and prediabetes: A cluster randomized trial
Authors: Abbott Laurie S. , Slate Elizabeth H. , Graven Lucinda J. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectiveDiabetes is a major health problem that is closely linked with cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of death in the United States. The purpose of this analysis was to determine the effect of a culturally relevant diabetes health promotion program on diabetes knowledge and self‐reported self‐care behaviors.DesignA cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted in 12 rural church settings. Seven churches were randomized to the intervention group and five to the control group.SampleThe sample included 146 African American participants diagnosed with diabetes and prediabetes. InterventionThe intervention group participants (n = 75) received the diabetes health program, and those in the control group (n = 71) group received a publicly available diabetes health brochure.MeasuresData were collected about diabetes knowledge, self‐care activities, fatalism, and social support.ResultsLinear mixed model was the statistical test used to analyze group differences. Compared with the control group, the intervention group showed significant changes from pretest to posttest for diabetes knowledge and behaviors associated with diet and blood glucose testing.ConclusionHealth promotion programs implemented by public health nurses among rural groups at increased risk for developing CVD can facilitate understanding about strategies to reduce disease risk.
Terrorist threat, dehumanization, and right‐wing authoritarianism as predictors of discrimination
Authors: da Costa Silva Khalil , Álvaro José Luis , Torres Ana Raquel Rosas , Garrido Alicia 
Published: September 2019

This study analyzed the relationship between terrorist threat and discrimination, operationalized by support for retributive justice against Islamic groups suspect of terrorist crimes. Two experimental studies were performed. Study 1 (N = 215) showed that the terrorist threat against the ingroup raises the support for the retributive procedures through the dehumanization of the outgroup. Study 2 (N = 304) analyzed how the mediating role of dehumanization in the relationship between terrorist threat and support for retributive justice is moderated by right‐wing authoritarianism (RWA). In addition, the study aimed to verify if the dehumanization of outgroup and RWA could explain the relationship between terrorist threat and discrimination of Muslim immigrants. The results indicated that adherence to RWA favors dehumanization of the outgroup and, consecutively, the discrimination, operationalized as support for the use of retributive justice. The adherence to RWA has been identified as the mechanism that explains the discrimination against Muslim immigrants.
Interactive maps, productivity and user experience: A user study in the e‐mobility domain
Authors: Degbelo Auriol , Kruse Jan , Pfeiffer Max 
Published: September 2019

AbstractE‐mobility has been gaining importance in recent years in Germany, with the National Platform for E‐mobility infrastructure in Germany is expected to change fast, therefore many charging stations will appear. These need to be managed, and the aim of this work is to explore how web applications could best support productivity and user experience in this context. We compared a text‐form‐based approach to a map‐based approach for the addition and update of locations and chargepoints. We found that the map‐based approach yields better learning effects and offers a better compromise between pragmatic and hedonic properties. The results are useful for a better understanding of the impact of interactive maps on work and user experience in the e‐mobility domain and beyond.
Using panicle dry weight to estimate seed production inEchinochloa crus‐galli
Authors: Pannwitt H , Westerman P R , De Mol F , Gerowitt B 
Published: September 2019

SummaryA better understanding of weed seed production is a key element for any long‐term management allowing some weeds to shed seeds. The challenge with measuring seed production in weeds is the large effort required in terms of time and labour. For the weed speciesEchinochloa crus‐galli,it was tested whether the number of seeds per panicle dry weight or per panicle length can be used to estimate seed production. Experiments were conducted in three maize fields in north‐eastern Germany. The effect of factors that could influence this relationship, such as the time of seedling emergence, the density ofE. crus‐galli, the control intensity of other weeds, seed predation and field, was included. A few days before maize harvest, all panicles were removed and weighed, panicle length was measured, and for a subsample of 178 panicles, the number of seeds was counted manually. Panicle dry weight predicted the number of seeds per panicle better (R2 = 0.92) than did panicle length (R2 = 0.69). The other factors except for ‘field’ and ‘seed predation’ had no effect on these relationships. The relationships between seed number and panicle dry weight found in this study closely resembled those reported in an earlier study. Based on our results, we conclude that both plant traits are appropriate for the estimatation of seed production, depending on required level of precision and availablilty of resources for the evaluation of sustainable weed management strategies.
From atoms to physiology: what it takes to really understand inflammasomes
Authors: Schmidt Florian I. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractRapid inflammatory responses to cytosolic threats are mediated by inflammasomes – large macromolecular signalling complexes that control the activation of the pro‐inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)‐1β and IL‐18, as well as cell death by pyroptosis. Different inflammasome sensors are activated by diverse direct and indirect signals, and subsequently nucleate the polymerization of the adaptor molecule ASC to form signalling platforms macroscopically observed as ASC specks. Caspase‐1 is autocatalytically activated at these sites and subsequently matures pro‐inflammatory cytokines and the pore‐forming effector molecule gasdermin D. While most molecules and basic assembly principles have been deduced from reductionist experimental systems, we still lack fundamental information on the structure and regulation of these complexes in their physiological environment and in the interplay with other signalling pathways. In this review, novel experimental approaches are proposed, including some that rely on nanobodies and single domain antibodies, to understand inflammasome assembly and regulation in the context of the relevant tissues or cells.
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MitoRACE: evaluating mitochondrial function in vivo and in single cells with subcellular resolution using multiphoton NADH autofluorescence
Authors: Willingham T. Bradley , Zhang Yingfan , Andreoni Alessio , Knutson Jay R. , Lee Duck‐Yeon , Glancy Brian 
Published: September 2019

Key points
We developed a novel metabolic imaging approach that provides direct measures of the rate of mitochondrial energy conversion with single‐cell and subcellular resolution by evaluating NADH autofluorescence kinetics during the mitochondrial redox after cyanide experiment (mitoRACE).
Measures of mitochondrial NADH flux by mitoRACE are sensitive to physiological and pharmacological perturbations in vivo.
Metabolic imaging with mitoRACE provides a highly adaptable platform for evaluating mitochondrial function in vivo and in single cells with potential for broad applications in the study of energy metabolism.
AbstractMitochondria play a critical role in numerous cell types and diseases, and structure and function of mitochondria can vary greatly among cells or within different regions of the same cell. However, there are currently limited methodologies that provide direct assessments of mitochondrial function in vivo, and contemporary measures of mitochondrial energy conversion lack the spatial resolution necessary to address cellular and subcellular heterogeneity. Here, we describe a novel metabolic imaging approach that provides direct measures of mitochondrial energy conversion with single‐cell and subcellular resolution by evaluating NADH autofluorescence kinetics during the mitochondrial redox after cyanide experiment (mitoRACE). MitoRACE measures the rate of NADH flux through the steady‐state mitochondrial NADH pool by rapidly inhibiting mitochondrial energetic flux, resulting in an immediate, linear increase in NADH fluorescence proportional to the steady‐state NADH flux rate, thereby providing a direct measure of mitochondrial NADH flux. The experiments presented here demonstrate the sensitivity of this technique to detect physiological and pharmacological changes in mitochondrial flux within tissues of living animals and reveal the unique capability of this technique to evaluate mitochondrial function with single‐cell and subcellular resolution in different cell types in vivo and in cell culture. Furthermore, we highlight the potential applications of mitoRACE by showing that within single neurons, mitochondria in neurites have higher energetic flux rates than mitochondria in the cell body. Metabolic imaging with mitoRACE provides a highly adaptable platform for evaluating mitochondrial function in vivo and in single cells, with potential for broad applications in the study of energy metabolism.
Study on Reabsorption Properties of Quantum Dot Color Convertors for Light-Emitting Diode Packaging
Authors: Li Jia-Sheng , Tang Yong , Li Zong-Tao , Kang Wen-Quan , Ding Xin-Rui , Yu Bin-Hai 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Quantum dot (QD) attracts great attention in light-emitting diode (LED) packaging for high-quality light sources, while it leads to low light efficiency due to the significantly high reabsorption loss between QDs. Accordingly, we experimentally study the reabsorption properties of QD color convertors (QCCs) for LED packaging considering various thicknesses and concentrations under different injection current. The results indicate the QCC configuration with a small thickness and large concentration can have the same absorption ability for chip light as that with the opposite configuration, resulting in the same QD light proportion. However, the QCC configuration having smaller thickness is more useful to decrease the reabsorption loss, leading to higher radiant power (an increase of larger than 37.2%). Moreover, it is essential to gain a high radiant power of QD light with small reabsorption loss, which can be realized by combining QCCs with a low QD content and a source with a large injection current. Based on this simple and effective approach, a conversion loss smaller than 20%, close to their quantum yield, can be achieved, which is approximately four times smaller than that gained by QCCs with a high QD content. However, it introduces additional radiant power of chip light, suppressing further improvement in the QD light proportion. Much work is still required to make full use of the redundant chip light. This study provides a better understanding of the reabsorption properties of QCCs and can significantly accelerate their applications in illumination and display applications.
Lie Symmetry Reductions and Analytic Solutions for the AB System in a Nonlinear Optical Fiber
Authors: Hu Song-Hua , Tian Bo , Du Xia-Xia , Du Zhong , Wu Xiao-Yu 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In the optical communication, people use the optical fibers to achieve the high bit-rate data transmission. In this paper, the AB system for the ultra-short pulses in a nonlinear optical fiber is investigated via the Lie symmetry analysis. Lie symmetries and symmetry reductions are derived via the Lie algorithm. Periodic- and solitary-wave solutions are obtained via the qualitative consideration. For the magnitude of the electric field in the optical fiber and the function associated with the occupation number which gives a measure of the atomic inversion in the nonlinear optical fiber, we can adjust the amplitudes, widths, and velocities of the solitary waves via the Lie symmetry transformations. The results would help the engineers select the ultra-short pulses in the optical communication.
Probabilistic Response and Stochastic Bifurcation in a Turbulent Swirling Flow
Authors: Yue Xiaole , Wang Yanyan , Han Qun , Xu Yong , Xu Wei 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Stochastic dynamics in a turbulent swirling flow are reported in this paper via the probability density functions (PDFs) of responses with the generalized cell mapping (GCM) method. Based on the short-time Gaussian approximation (STGA) procedure, the influence generated by the time average and the amplitude of the fluctuation to the turbulent flow on the probabilistic responses are demonstrated. We observe that the shapes of the steady-state PDFs change from two peaks to the single peak with the change of system parameters, indicating that the rotation to shear ratio will change from two stable states into one stable state, while the torque difference of the propellers in the von-Karman turbulence experimental setup becomes large or changes in a wide range. That is to say, the stochastic P-bifurcation phenomena occur. The evolutionary mechanism of the transient response is revealed with the global portraits. Furthermore, the idea of block matrix is devoted to solving the storage problem due to the amount of image cells for the STGA procedure in high dimensional system. Monte Carlo (MC) simulations are in good agreement with the proposed strategy.
Shear Wave Propagation and Estimation of Material Parameters in a Nonlinear, Fibrous Material
Authors: Hou Zuoxian , Okamoto Ruth J. , Bayly Philip V. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This paper describes the propagation of shear waves in a Holzapfel–Gasser–Ogden (HGO) material and investigates the potential of magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) for estimating parameters of the HGO material model from experimental data. In most MRE studies the behavior of the material is assumed to be governed by linear, isotropic elasticity or viscoelasticity. In contrast, biological tissue is often nonlinear and anisotropic with a fibrous structure. In such materials, application of a quasi-static deformation (predeformation) plays an important role in shear wave propagation. Closed form expressions for shear wave speeds in an HGO material with a single family of fibers were found in a reference (undeformed) configuration and after imposed predeformations. These analytical expressions show that shear wave speeds are affected by the parameters (μ0, k1, k2, κ) of the HGO model and by the direction and amplitude of the predeformations. Simulations of corresponding finite element (FE) models confirm the predicted influence of HGO model parameters on speeds of shear waves with specific polarization and propagation directions. Importantly, the dependence of wave speeds on the parameters of the HGO model and imposed deformations could ultimately allow the noninvasive estimation of material parameters in vivo from experimental shear wave image data.
How to Carry Loads Economically: Analysis Based on a Predictive Biped Model
Authors: Li Tong , Li Qingguo , Liu Tao , Yi Jingang 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCarrying heavy loads costs additional energy during walking and leads to fatigue of the user. Conventionally, the load is fixed on the body. Some recent studies showed energy cost reduction when the relative motion of the load with respect to the body was allowed. However, the influences of the load's relative motion on the user are still not fully understood. We employed an optimization-based biped model, which can generate human-like walking motion to study the load–carrier interaction. The relative motion can be achieved by a passive mechanism (such as springs) or a powered mechanism (such as actuators), and the relative motion can occur in the vertical or fore-aft directions. The connection between the load and body is added to the biped model in four scenarios (two types × two directions). The optimization results indicate that the stiffness values affect energy cost differently and the same stiffness value in different directions may have opposite effects. Powered relative motion in either direction can potentially reduce energy cost but the vertical relative motion can achieve a higher reduction than fore-aft relative motion. Surprisingly, powered relative motion only performs marginally better than the passive conditions at similar peak interaction force levels. This work provides insights into developing more economical load-carrying methods and the model presented may be applied to the design and control of wearable load-carrying devices.
Analytical Modeling of Discrete Mechanical Systems Involving Contact, Impact, and Friction
Authors: Natsiavas S. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn this study, a review is presented on previous work referring to analytical modeling of mechanical systems having components that come in contact during their motion in ways that involve impact and/or friction. This study is focused mostly on dynamical systems that can be represented by a finite number of degrees-of-freedom. First, models consisting of oscillators are considered and the contact action is represented by a combination of discrete spring and damper elements or rigid constraints. These models may also involve clearances and effects from friction forces. Then, systems involving rigid or discretized deformable components are examined. Depending on the approach chosen, a contact event is modeled in either an algebraic or a differential manner. In the former, the concept of a restitution coefficient plays a dominant role. In the latter, the Darboux–Keller method is applied, which also requires a restitution coefficient but considers the dynamics during the contact phase by using the normal impulse component as an independent variable, in place of time. The same category of systems is also examined next, separately, by considering techniques of nonsmooth mechanics, which are more convenient to apply in several cases, like in modeling multiple contact events. Finally, some special recent techniques developed for Filippov systems and for systems involving impact and friction are presented. This study concludes by identifying and suggesting possible topics for future research.
Recent Developments in Solar and Low-Temperature Heat Sources Assisted Power and Cooling Systems: A Design Perspective
Authors: Chowdhury Md. Tareq , Mokheimer Esmail M. A. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Even though the renewable technologies are getting a gradually increasing share of the energy industry, the momentum of its growth is far away from outweighing the dominance of fossil fuel. Due to the concern for ozone depletion, global warming, and many more environmental hazards caused by fossil fuels, it is essential to substitute the conventional energy sources with renewables. Since this replacement cannot be done overnight, the conventional energy technologies should be integrated with renewables to minimize the pace of adverse effects on fossil fuel–based industries in the meantime. This way, the industries can be more efficient by utilizing waste heat, which accounts for 50% of the total energy generated now. This review paper outlines the role of solar energy in the generation of power and cooling systems that are capable of utilizing low-temperature heat sources below 400 °C. The review is primarily concentrated on line-focused concentrated solar power (CSP)-assisted solar technologies to be integrated with organic Rankine cycle (ORC) and absorption cooling systems. Photovoltaic and similar multigeneration systems are also discussed in brief.
MicroRNA-29a Involvement in Phenotypic Transformation of Venous Smooth Muscle Cells Via Ten–Eleven Translocation Methylcytosinedioxygenase 1 in Response to Mechanical Cyclic Stretch
Authors: Liu Ji-Ting , Liu Ze , Chen Yi , Qi Ying-Xin , Yao Qing-Ping , Jiang Zong-Lai 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Mechanical stimuli play an important role in vein graft restenosis and the abnormal migration and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are pathological processes contributing to this disorder. Here, based on previous high-throughput sequencing data from vein grafts, miR-29a-3p and its target, the role of Ten–eleven translocation methylcytosinedioxygenase 1 (TET1) in phenotypic transformation of VSMCs induced by mechanical stretch was investigated. Vein grafts were generated by using the “cuff” technique in rats. Deep transcriptome sequencing revealed that the expression of TET1 was significantly decreased, a process confirmed by reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis. MicroRNA-seq showed that miR-29a-3p was significantly up-regulated, targeting TET1 as predicted by Targetscan. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that the co-expressed genes with TET1 might modulate VSMC contraction. Venous VSMCs exposed to 10%–1.25 Hz cyclic stretch by using the Flexcell system were used to simulate arterial mechanical conditions in vitro. RT-qPCR revealed that mechanical stretch increased the expression of miR-29a-3p at 3 h. Western blot analysis showed that TET1 was significantly decreased, switching contractile VSMCs to cells with a synthetic phenotype. miR-29a-3p mimics (MI) and inhibitor (IN) transfection confirmed the negative impact of miR-29a-3p on TET1. Taken together, results from this investigation demonstrate that mechanical stretch modulates venous VSMC phenotypic transformation via the mediation of the miR-29a-3p/TET1 signaling pathway. miR-29a-3p may have potential clinical implications in the pathogenesis of remodeling of vein graft restenosis.