bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the flow field of multi-phase coupling slag discharge and the influencing factors of slag discharge effect in gas lift reverse circulation of drilling shaft sinking
Authors: Guo Longhui , Cheng Hua , Yao Zhishu , Rong Chuanxin , Yang Guang , Wang Xiaoyun , Fang Yu , Xie Bao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCombined with the advanced drilling of the central return air shaft in Kekegai Coal Mine, the distribution law of slag discharge flow field by drilling method and the influencing factors of slag discharge effect are studied. Firstly, the numerical model of gas–liquid–solid coupling slag discharge is established by CFD-DEM (computational fluid dynamics coupled discrete element method). Then, the flow field distribution law of the site slag outlet layout model and the optimization model is compared and analyzed. Finally, the influence of drilling parameters on slag discharge effect is studied. The results show that the best arrangement of slag suction ports is: the number is two, the length-diameter ratio is 0.4, the area ratio is 1, and the total area ratio is 1.94%. The fluid movement at the bottom of the well is mainly tangential flow, while the fluid in the slag discharge pipe is mainly axial flow. The construction parameters of efficient slag discharge are put forward: bit rotation speed is 8.7 r/min, gas injection rate is 4200 m3/h, air duct sinking ratio is 0.84, and mud viscosity is 165 MPa·s. The research results can provide useful theoretical reference for large-scale sinking construction in deep wells.
Efficient and Stable Photoassisted Lithium-Ion Battery Enabled by Photocathode with Synergistically Boosted Carriers Dynamics
Authors: Ma Zelin , Wang Shiyao , Ma Zhuangzhuang , Li Juan , Zhao Luomeng , Li Zhihuan , Wang Shiyuan , Shuang Yazhou , Wang Jiulong , Wang Fang , Xia Weiwei , Jian Jie , He Yibo , Wang Junjie , Guo Pengfei , Wang Hongqiang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractEfficient and stable photocathodes with versatility are of significance in photoassisted lithium-ion batteries (PLIBs), while there is always a request on fast carrier transport in electrochemical active photocathodes. Present work proposes a general approach of creating bulk heterojunction to boost the carrier mobility of photocathodes by simply laser assisted embedding of plasmonic nanocrystals. When employed in PLIBs, it was found effective for synchronously enhanced photocharge separation and transport in light charging process. Additionally, experimental photon spectroscopy, finite difference time domain method simulation and theoretical analyses demonstrate that the improved carrier dynamics are driven by the plasmonic-induced hot electron injection from metal to TiO2, as well as the enhanced conductivity in TiO2 matrix due to the formation of oxygen vacancies after Schottky contact. Benefiting from these merits, several benchmark values in performance of TiO2-based photocathode applied in PLIBs are set, including the capacity of 276 mAh g−1 at 0.2 A g−1 under illumination, photoconversion efficiency of 1.276% at 3 A g−1, less capacity and Columbic efficiency loss even through 200 cycles. These results exemplify the potential of the bulk heterojunction strategy in developing highly efficient and stable photoassisted energy storage systems.
ML-based early detection of lung cancer: an integrated and in-depth analytical framework
Authors: Sinjanka Yusupha , Kaur Veerpal , Musa Usman Ibrahim , Kaur Karandeep 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe human lungs, crucial for supplying oxygen, are vulnerable to diseases such as lung cancer, a leading cause of mortality. Timely prediction of lung cancer is essential to enable early intervention by healthcare professionals, enhancing patient outcomes and saving lives. This study introduces a comprehensive Machine Learning (ML) model designed to predict lung cancer at an early stage, utilizing a dataset sourced from Kaggle. Built on the Random Forest algorithm, the model assesses a diverse set of characteristics and variables, including gender, age, and exposure to various environments and lifestyles. It accurately identifies individuals at a higher risk of developing early-stage lung cancer, facilitating prompt intervention and personalized treatment strategies. Key evaluation metrics demonstrating the model's effectiveness include precision, F1 score, recall, and accuracy. The findings indicate a model accuracy of approximately 97.9%, underscoring its potential as a valuable tool for enhancing the early detection of lung cancer.
Line-dropped gelatin multi-element calibration standards in LA-ICP-MS: a statistically verifying comparison with cryosectioned homogenized lung and liver as matrix-matched calibration standards and as corresponding reference materials
Authors: Thoröe-Boveleth Sven , Becker Ruth , Bertram Jens , Schettgen Thomas , Möller Manfred , Jonigk Danny , Kraus Thomas , Weiskirchen Ralf 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Calibrations in LA-ICP-MS are typically very time-consuming and complex, as they need to be matched to the samples being measured and sectioned on a microtome. Alternatively, gelatin can be in droplet form or as a section, which is a more recent development. In this study, we report on investigations where hot multi-element gelatin solutions are placed in a linear fashion on microscopic slides to conduct comparative statistical observations between doped tissue homogenates from the liver and lung. The tissue homogenates served as both samples (complete ablation) and calibration standards (partial ablation) for verification purposes. We explored the effects of different laser fluences (0.50–1.50 J/cm2), gelatin contents (0.3–20.0%) and section thicknesses (10–30 µm). To do this, we evaluated the samples by calculating median and mean values over the entire section with and without removal of elementary spikes (de-spiking). A reduction in distribution was achieved with averaging. The data was normalized using 13C as an internal standard. In these experiments and under these measurement conditions, it was observed that the selected laser fluences, gelatin contents, and section thicknesses did not visibly affect the results, making them comparable. Each sample could be assessed with each gelatin calibration, allowing for determination of expected reference values. Despite interruptions in the measurement operation, due to the high number of measurements, where samples and calibrations could not be analyzed in one measurement run, no negative effects of stopping and starting the LA-ICP-MS were observed.

Graphical abstract
Considerations for implementing regulation of decapods in science
Authors: Powell Adam , Agnalt Ann-Lisbeth , Heasman Kevin , Albalat Amaya 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Decapod crustaceans, commonly utilised for pure or applied scientific research and commercial food production, have generally remained outside ethical debate. However, in the last decade many parts of the world have seen an increase in public interest in the welfare of decapod crustaceans and statutory legal protection has been introduced in several countries. Although still limited to a small number of countries and remaining relatively unharmonised, relevant legislation could be increasingly broadened to include decapods in further jurisdictions. Much existing legislation, originally intended for protecting terrestrial vertebrates during scientific study, might be unsuitable for aquatic invertebrates such as decapods. Indeed, precedence with many fish species and cephalopods suggests detail is lacking with respect to fundamental guidance. Therefore, similar inclusion of decapods into such legislation could make welfare or scientific goals more challenging to achieve unless relevant guidance is available, particularly to animal care practitioners. This horizon paper aims to summarise existing decapod legislation, and the considerations required should decapods be included in current conceptual frameworks and scientific legislation.
Understanding to intervene: The codesign of text classifiers with peace practitioners
Authors: Hawke Julie , Puig Larrauri Helena , Sutjahjo Andrew , Cerigo Benjamin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Originating from a unique partnership between data scientists (datavaluepeople) and peacebuilders (Build Up), this commentary explores an innovative methodology to overcome key challenges in social media analysis by developing customized text classifiers through a participatory design approach, engaging both peace practitioners and data scientists. It advocates for researchers to focus on developing frameworks that prioritize being usable and participatory in field settings, rather than perfect in simulation. Focusing on a case study investigating the polarization within online Christian communities in the United States, we outline a testing process with a dataset consisting of 8954 tweets and 10,034 Facebook posts to experiment with active learning methodologies aimed at enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of text classification. This commentary demonstrates that the inclusion of domain expertise from peace practitioners significantly refines the design and performance of text classifiers, enabling a deeper comprehension of digital conflicts. This collaborative framework seeks to transition from a data-rich, analysis-poor scenario to one where data-driven insights robustly inform peacebuilding interventions.
Resolutions of toric subvarieties by line bundles and applications
Authors: Hanlon Andrew , Hicks Jeff , Lazarev Oleg 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Given any toric subvariety Y of a smooth toric variety X of codimension k, we construct a length k resolution of

${\mathcal O}_Y$

by line bundles on X. Furthermore, these line bundles can all be chosen to be direct summands of the pushforward of

${\mathcal O}_X$

under the map of toric Frobenius. The resolutions are built from a stratification of a real torus that was introduced by Bondal and plays a role in homological mirror symmetry.
As a corollary, we obtain a virtual analogue of Hilbert’s syzygy theorem for smooth projective toric varieties conjectured by Berkesch, Erman and Smith. Additionally, we prove that the Rouquier dimension of the bounded derived category of coherent sheaves on a toric variety is equal to the dimension of the variety, settling a conjecture of Orlov for these examples. We also prove Bondal’s claim that the pushforward of the structure sheaf under toric Frobenius generates the derived category of a smooth toric variety and formulate a refinement of Uehara’s conjecture that this remains true for arbitrary line bundles.
On the asymptotic enumerativity property for Fano manifolds
Authors: Beheshti Roya , Lehmann Brian , Lian Carl , Riedl Eric , Starr Jason , Tanimoto Sho 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We study the enumerativity of Gromov–Witten invariants where the domain curve is fixed in moduli and required to pass through the maximum possible number of points. We say a Fano manifold satisfies asymptotic enumerativity if such invariants are enumerative whenever the degree of the curve is sufficiently large. Lian and Pandharipande speculate that every Fano manifold satisfies asymptotic enumerativity. We give the first counterexamples, as well as some new examples where asymptotic enumerativity holds. The negative examples include special hypersurfaces of low Fano index and certain projective bundles, and the new positive examples include many Fano threefolds and all smooth hypersurfaces of degree

$d \leq (n+3)/3$

in

${\mathbb P}^n$

.
“Nowhere but Everywhere”: The Principle of Legality and the Complexities of Judicial Discretion in Iran
Authors: Khodadadi Bahman 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
To comply with Shiʿi theological-jurisprudential justifications and dogmatic traditions, the Iranian postrevolutionary legal system formally enshrined the principle of legality of crime and punishment within the Iranian Constitution and important legal provisions. Despite this formal entrenchment and codification of its criminal law, which together act as a legal constraint on the traditionally excessive power of Muslim judges, the Iranian theocratic system has exempted religious sins from this principle by blurring the distinction between crime and sin and criminalizing certain sinful acts with unclear language. These two legal mechanisms not only violate the principle of legality and amplify legal uncertainty, but their reference to Sharia law also binds the fate of the accused more tightly to the discretion of the judge than to the letter of the law. Consequently, the religiopolitical predilections of judges have become a determining factor in findings of criminal responsibility and imposition of punishment on citizens.
Interactions of spontaneous abortion with FTO gene and dietary carotenoids; a case–control study
Authors: Amjadi Arezoo , Abbasi Mobarakeh Khadijeh , Doaei Saeid , Dorosti Masoumeh , Nami Sheyda , Mirshafaei Seyed Reza , Mirshafaei Masoomeh Alsadat , Ataei Kachooei Masoomeh , Shamsi-Goushki Ali , Saeedirad Zahra , Azizi Tabesh Ghasem , Khoshdooz Sara , Abdollahi Morteza , Shekari Soheila , Gholamalizadeh Maryam 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Spontaneous abortion (SA) is considered one of the most prevalent adverse outcomes of pregnancy. SA may occur due to genetic susceptibility and various maternal factors such as nutritional status. The aim of this study was to assess how dietary carotenoids and the FTO gene are related to SA. This case–control study included 192 women with a history of SA as the case group and 347 healthy women without history of SA as the control group. To evaluate carotenoid intake, a valid 168-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used. The FTO gene was genotyped for the presence of the rs9939609 polymorphism using the tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain (ARMS-PCR). The results indicated a significant negative association between dietary intake of β-cryptoxanthin and SA in carriers of the TT genotype of the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism after adjustment for age, BMI, physical activity, smoking, alcohol drinking, and calorie intake (β = −0.28, P = 0.02). No association was found between SA with dietary intake of beta-carotene, alpha-carotene, lutein, and lycopene among carriers of different FTO genotypes. The FTO genotype may have an effect on the association between SA and carotenoid intake. Dietary intake of β-cryptoxanthin may act as a protective factor against SA only in carriers of the TT genotype of the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism.
Unpacking Bribery: Petty Corruption and Favor Exchanges
Authors: Romero Diego 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The incidence of petty corruption in public service delivery varies greatly across citizens and geography. This paper proposes a novel explanation for citizen engagement in collusive forms of petty corruption. It is rooted in the social context in which citizen-public official interactions take place. I argue that social proximity and network centrality provide the two key enforcement mechanisms that sustain favor exchanges among socially connected individuals. Bribery, as a collusive arrangement between a citizen and a public official, relies on the same enforcement mechanisms. Using an original dataset from a household survey conducted in Guatemala, the analysis shows that social proximity and centrality allow citizens to obtain privileges through implicit favor exchanges and illicit payments. These findings are not driven by better access to information about the bribery market. This paper contributes to our understanding of the role of preexisting social relations in sustaining corrupt exchanges.
The admissible KMS bundles on classifiable C⁎-algebras
Authors: Neagu Robert 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Given any unital, finite, classifiable

$\mathrm{C}^*$

-algebra A with real rank zero and any compact simplex bundle with the fibre at zero being homeomorphic to the space of tracial states on A, we show that there exists a flow on A realizing this simplex. Moreover, we show that given any unital

$\mathrm{UCT}$

Kirchberg algebra A and any proper simplex bundle with empty fibre at zero, there exists a flow on A realizing this simplex.
A possible new species of the Maculabatis gerrardi complex (Dasyatidae: Urogymninae) in the Indian Ocean coast off Southeastern Africa
Authors: Muhala Valdemiro , Guimarães-Costa Aurycéia , Macate Isadola Eusébio , Lutz Ítalo , Bessa-Silva Adam Rick , Rabelo Luan Pinto , Hasimuna Oliver J. , Evangelista-Gomes Grazielle , Vallinoto Marcelo , Sampaio Iracilda 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The genus Maculabatis is a group of batoid rays from the Dasyatidae family, consisting of two main complexes: the gerrardi (spotted species) and the pastinacoides (plain species). This study investigated the diversity within the Maculabatis gerrardi complex, revealing the presence of two distinct geographical lineages, with a potential new species captured off the coast of Mozambique. Molecular analysis showed a significant divergence: COI sequences from Mozambique specimens exhibited over 99% similarity with M. gerrardi from South Africa but more than 2% divergence from those in the Indo-Pacific. Phylogenetic analysis identified two distinct subclades, suggesting at least two hidden lineages within the genus Maculabatis and consequently possible new undescribed species within M. gerrardi complex. These findings emphasize the importance of conducting additional research that integrates both morphological and molecular methods to better understand the group's diversity and evolutionary dynamics, ultimately supporting the development of effective conservation strategies.
MYT1L deficiency impairs excitatory neuron trajectory during cortical development
Authors: Yen Allen , Sarafinovska Simona , Chen Xuhua , Skinner Dominic D. , Leti Fatjon , Crosby MariaLynn , Hoisington-Lopez Jessica , Wu Yizhe , Chen Jiayang , Li Zipeng A. , Noguchi Kevin K. , Mitra Robi D. , Dougherty Joseph D. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMutations reducing the function of MYT1L, a neuron-specific transcription factor, are associated with a syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder. MYT1L is used as a pro-neural factor in fibroblast-to-neuron transdifferentiation and is hypothesized to influence neuronal specification and maturation, but it is not clear which neuron types are most impacted by MYT1L loss. In this study, we profile 412,132 nuclei from the forebrains of wild-type and MYT1L-deficient mice at three developmental stages: E14 at the peak of neurogenesis, P1 when cortical neurons have been born, and P21 when neurons are maturing, to examine the role of MYT1L levels on neuronal development. MYT1L deficiency disrupts cortical neuron proportions and gene expression, primarily affecting neuronal maturation programs. Effects are mostly cell autonomous and persistent through development. While MYT1L can both activate and repress gene expression, the repressive effects are most sensitive to haploinsufficiency, likely mediating MYT1L syndrome. These findings illuminate MYT1L’s role in orchestrating gene expression during neuronal development, providing insights into the molecular underpinnings of MYT1L syndrome.
Structural effects of high laser power densities on an early bacteriorhodopsin photocycle intermediate
Authors: Bertrand Quentin , Nogly Przemyslaw , Nango Eriko , Kekilli Demet , Khusainov Georgii , Furrer Antonia , James Daniel , Dworkowski Florian , Skopintsev Petr , Mous Sandra , Martiel Isabelle , Börjesson Per , Ortolani Giorgia , Huang Chia-Ying , Kepa Michal , Ozerov Dmitry , Brünle Steffen , Panneels Valerie , Tanaka Tomoyuki , Tanaka Rie , Tono Kensuke , Owada Shigeki , Johnson Philip J. M. , Nass Karol , Knopp Gregor , Cirelli Claudio , Milne Christopher , Schertler Gebhard , Iwata So , Neutze Richard , Weinert Tobias , Standfuss Jörg 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTime-resolved serial crystallography at X-ray Free Electron Lasers offers the opportunity to observe ultrafast photochemical reactions at the atomic level. The technique has yielded exciting molecular insights into various biological processes including light sensing and photochemical energy conversion. However, to achieve sufficient levels of activation within an optically dense crystal, high laser power densities are often used, which has led to an ongoing debate to which extent photodamage may compromise interpretation of the results. Here we compare time-resolved serial crystallographic data of the bacteriorhodopsin K-intermediate collected at laser power densities ranging from 0.04 to 2493 GW/cm2 and follow energy dissipation of the absorbed photons logarithmically from picoseconds to milliseconds. Although the effects of high laser power densities on the overall structure are small, in the upper excitation range we observe significant changes in retinal conformation and increased heating of the functionally critical counterion cluster. We compare light-activation within crystals to that in solution and discuss the impact of the observed changes on bacteriorhodopsin biology.
The role of manganese in CoMnOx catalysts for selective long-chain hydrocarbon production via Fischer-Tropsch synthesis
Authors: Chen Hao , Lian Zan , Zhao Xiao , Wan Jiawei , Pieters Priscilla F. , Oliver-Meseguer Judit , Yang Ji , Pach Elzbieta , Carenco Sophie , Treps Laureline , Liakakos Nikos , Shan Yu , Altoe Virginia , Wong Ed , Zhuo Zengqing , Yang Feipeng , Su Ji , Guo Jinghua , Blum Monika , H. Lapidus Saul , Hunt Adrian , Waluyo Iradwikanari , Ogasawara Hirohito , Zheng Haimei , Yang Peidong , Bell Alexis T. , López Núria , Salmeron Miquel 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Cobalt is an efficient catalyst for Fischer−Tropsch synthesis (FTS) of hydrocarbons from syngas (CO + H2) with enhanced selectivity for long-chain hydrocarbons when promoted by Manganese. However, the molecular scale origin of the enhancement remains unclear. Here we present an experimental and theoretical study using model catalysts consisting of crystalline CoMnOx nanoparticles and thin films, where Co and Mn are mixed at the sub-nm scale. Employing TEM and in-situ X-ray spectroscopies (XRD, APXPS, and XAS), we determine the catalyst’s atomic structure, chemical state, reactive species, and their evolution under FTS conditions. We show the concentration of CHx, the key intermediates, increases rapidly on CoMnOx, while no increase occurs without Mn. DFT simulations reveal that basic O sites in CoMnOx bind hydrogen atoms resulting from H2 dissociation on Co0 sites, making them less available to react with CHx intermediates, thus hindering chain termination reactions, which promotes the formation of long-chain hydrocarbons.