bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ESTRUTURAÇÃO DE UM SERVIÇO DE INFORMAÇÕES SOBRE MEDICAMENTOS (SIM) EM UM HOSPITAL DO RIO GRANDE DO NORTE, BRAZIL
Authors: Nascimento Martins Álex Brunno , Mariz Batista Almária 
Published: October 2019

Centros/Serviços de Informações sobre Medicamentos são importantes e úteis, pois contribuem para o uso racional de medicamentos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as informações prestadas pelo Serviço de Informações sobre Medicamentos do Hospital Regional Dr. Mariano Coelho em Currais Novos, RN. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo observacional a partir do banco de dados do Serviço, cujas solicitações de informação foram recebidas entre abril de 2017 e novembro de 2018. As informações foram avaliadas a partir de média mensal de solicitações de informação, temas das perguntas, meio pelo qual foi recebida, perfil do solicitante, fontes de informação utilizadas e classificação farmacológica dos medicamentos envolvidos. Durante o período, foram recebidas 31 solicitações (1,6 solicitações/mês), a maioria tinha como tema a indicação de uso de medicamentos (22,6%) e foi solicitada pessoalmente (71,0%) por residentes multiprofissionais (45,2%). Bases de dados eletrônicas foram as fontes de informações mais utilizadas para responder às solicitações (40,0%); e os antibióticos de uso sistêmico os medicamentos mais presentes nas solicitações (23,7%). Depreende-se que este Serviço foi potencialmente útil para se evitar uso irracional de medicamentos. Em relação ao perfil de solicitações de outros centros/serviços, este apresentou perfil pouco semelhante aos demais.
A PROFISSÃO FARMACÊUTICA SOB A PERSPECTIVA DE ESTUDANTES DO ENSINO MÉDIO EM SAMAMBAIA, BRASÍLIA, DF, BRASIL
Authors: De Almeida Amanda Da Conceição , Da Silva Wallisson Luan Leoncio , Da Silva Izabel Cristina Rodrigues , Barreto Lívia Cristina Lira de Sá 
Published: October 2019

Os cursos de graduação em Farmácia no Brasil permitem a inserção no mercado de um profissional com caráter generalista que domina a composição e produção dos medicamentos, alimentos e cosméticos, presta assistência farmacêutica, possui formação em análises clínicas e toxicológicas, com perfil humanista, ético, técnico e científico. Apesar da capacitação complexa e importante para a saúde, os ingressantes nos cursos de Farmácia desconhecem, na maioria das vezes, a totalidade das áreas de atuação e impactos benéficos. Dessa maneira, o presente estudo visou a aplicação de metodologia ativa para a disseminação de conhecimento acerca da profissão farmacêutica. Para tanto, o estudo foi realizado com 24 acadêmicos do ensino médio em Samambaia-DF. Um questionário foi aplicado aos voluntários antes da exposição de um material audiovisual contendo entrevistas, textos e imagens sobre a profissão farmacêutica, e um outro questionário disponibilizado após visualização. O primeiro questionário avaliou o perfil do voluntário, suas expectativas de atuação no mercado de trabalho e interesse na área da saúde. O segundo questionário estimou a apropriação de conhecimento acerca da profissão farmacêutica e interesse pela Farmácia. O estudo permitiu mensurar o desejo pela graduação em Farmácia de possíveis ingressantes no ensino superior e evidenciou o desconhecimento da importância do Farmacêutico para a saúde da comunidade.
Controlling a motorized electric wheelchair based on face tilting
Authors: Qassim Hassan M. , Eesee Abdulrahman K. , Osman Omar T. , Jarjees Mohammed S. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Disability, specifically impaired upper and/or lower limbs, has a direct impact on the patients’ quality of life. Nowadays, motorized wheelchairs supported by a mobility-aided technique have been devised to improve the quality of life of these patients by increasing their independence. This study aims to present a platform to control a motorized wheelchair based on face tilting. A real-time tracking system of face tilting using a webcam and a microcontroller circuit has been designed and implemented. The designed system is dedicated to control the movement directions of the motorized wheelchair. Four commands were adequate to perform the required movements for the motorized wheelchair (forward, right, and left, as well as stopping status). The platform showed an excellent performance regarding controlling the motorized wheelchair using face tilting, and the position of the eyes was shown as the most useful face feature to track face tilting.
Chemical characterisation of polymerised extractives in bleached birch kraft pulp
Authors: Smeds Annika I. , Vähäsalo Lari , Rahkila Jani , Eklund Patrik C. , Willför Stefan M. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The main aim of this study was to chemically characterise the polymeric fraction of birch pulp extractives. We showed that 70–96% of the material in extracts of fully bleached birch kraft elemental chlorine-free (ECF) pulp from three Finnish mills consists of compounds that are undetectable by conventional gas chromatography (GC) analysis, i.e. high-molar mass (HM) material. There were small variations in the extractive content and composition between the three mills, but the overall trend was the same. The HM material was present mainly in the acetone extracts, and the molar mass was shown to range between ca. 1000 and 10 000 Da. Alkaline hydrolysis of the hexane and acetone extracts released fatty acids (FAs) especially, but also sterols and triterpenoids. The dominating FAs were palmitic and stearic acids. Pyrolysis and thermally assisted hydrolysis and methylation (THM)-GC-mass spectrometry (MS) analyses confirmed that the HM material consists mainly of FA units, and additionally of sterol, triterpenoid and aromatic units. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis further confirmed the presence of FAs containing aromatic groups, but also glycerol units. The FA chains seemed to be linked to each other by ester linkages mainly, although ether linkages were also present. The FA oligomers and polymers may have a suberin-like structure.
Self-esteem and motivation with adherence of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Indonesia with antiretroviral therapy: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Purwaningsih Purwaningsih , Asmoro Candra Panji , Prastiwi Yenis Anggi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIntroductionAntiretroviral therapy (ART) helps reduce the amount of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that enters the body in order to avoid acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and prevents the occurrence of opportunistic infections and complications. This study aims to describe the correlation between self-esteem and motivation with adherence of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in ART.MethodsThis cross-sectional study involved 91 PLWHA who joined a non-government organization (NGO) support group, determined through a purposive sampling technique. The demography, and questionnaires about self-esteem, motivation and adherence to ART were employed to collect the raw data. The data were then analyzed using Spearman’s rho test with the degree of significance at p < 0.05.ResultsThe result showed that self-esteem (p = 0.000, r = 0.445) and motivation (p = 0.019, r = 0.246) had correlation with adherence of PLWHA with ART.ConclusionPLWHA can increase self-esteem and motivation so that they can improve ART adherence. Further research is expected to use an instrument more objectively as a measurement tool for ART adherence in addition to a questionnaire so as to obtain more accurate and specific results.
Application of calcium carbonate nanocarriers for controlled release of phytodrugs against Xylella fastidiosa pathogen
Authors: Baldassarre Francesca , De Stradis Angelo , Altamura Giuseppe , Vergaro Viviana , Citti Cinzia , Cannazza Giuseppe , Capodilupo Agostina L. , Dini Luciana , Ciccarella Giuseppe 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Calcium carbonate-based hollow or porous particles are one of the preferred carriers for fabrication of drug delivery systems. We have developed an eco-friendly method to produce calcium carbonate nanocrystals, which have shown biocompatibility and optimal capacity to across cell membrane in human cell lines providing new tools in cancer therapy. The success of drug delivery systems has paved the way for the development of systems for controlled release of agrochemicals. In this work, we exploited calcium carbonate nanocrystals as carriers for targeted release of phytodrugs investigating a potential control strategy for the pathogen Xylella fastidiosa. This pathogen is the causal agent of the Olive Quick Decline Syndrome that is an unprecedented emergency in Italy and potentially in the rest of Europe. We studied nanocrystals interactions with bacteria cells and the application in planta to verify olive plants uptake. Ultrastructural analysis by electron microscopy shown an alteration of bacteria wall following nanocrystals interaction. Nanocrystals were adsorbed from roots and they translocated in plants tissues. Calcium carbonate carriers were able to encapsulate efficiently two types of antimicrobial substances and the potential efficacy was tested in experiment under greenhouse conditions.
Using human epidemiological analyses to support the assessment of the impacts of coal mining on health
Authors: Cortes-Ramirez Javier , Sly Peter D. , Ng Jack , Jagals Paul 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe potential impacts of coal mining on health have been addressed by the application of impact assessment methodologies that use the results of qualitative and quantitative analyses to support their conclusions and recommendations. Although human epidemiological analyses can provide the most relevant measures of risk of health outcomes in populations exposed to coal mining by-products, this kind of studies are seldom implemented as part of the impact assessment methods. To review the use of human epidemiological analyses in the methods used to assess the impacts of coal mining, a systematic search in the peer review literature was implemented following the PRISMA protocol. A synthesis analysis identified the methods and the measures used in the selected publications to develop a thematic review and discussion. The major methodological approaches to assess the impacts of coal mining are environmental impact assessment (EIA), health impact assessment (HIA), social impact assessment (SIA) and environmental health impact assessment (EHIA). The measures used to assess the impacts of coal mining on health were classified as the estimates from non-human-based studies such as health risk assessment (HRA) and the measures of risk from human epidemiological analyses. The inclusion of human epidemiological estimates of the populations exposed, especially the general populations in the vicinity of the mining activities, is seldom found in impact assessment applications for coal mining. These methods rather incorporate HRA measures or other sources of evidence such as qualitative analyses and surveys. The implementation of impact assessment methods without estimates of the risk of health outcomes relevant to the potentially exposed populations affects their reliability to address the environmental and health impacts of coal mining. This is particularly important for EIA applications because these are incorporated in regulatory frameworks globally. The effective characterization of the impacts of coal mining on health requires quantitative estimates of the risk, including the risk measures from epidemiological analyses of relevant human health data.
Arsenic exposure with reference to neurological impairment: an overview
Authors: Sharma Anupama , Kumar Sunil 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Arsenic (As) toxicity has become a public health and environmental problem, which is a serious issue in certain parts of the world. Many people are exposed to As through contaminated drinking water, food and soil, through occupation, etc. Chronic As exposure is linked to various hostile health effects including skin problems, cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, reproductive and developmental and neurological problems in exposed subjects. Experimental existing data indicate that chronic As exposure affects the nervous system by impairing the nerve and brain tissues of the exposed animals, and clinical studies indicate that As exposure leads to both central nervous system and peripheral nervous system impairments and also causes depression, memory impairment and difficulty in problem solving, affects body coordination, etc. Various prenatal and postnatal studies with respect to As exposure also suggest that developing offspring and young children are susceptible to As exposure. The only solution to this serious health problem is to stop occupational As exposure and provide As free drinking water to the affected population.
Photocurrent Recombination Through Surface Segregation in Al–Cr–Fe–O Photocathodes
Authors: Stein Helge S. , Zhang Siyuan , Li Yujiao , Scheu Christina , Ludwig Alfred 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Chemical surface segregation is a design variable in the optimization of phocathodes but has largely been investigated through surface passivation or decoration. In this study a long charge carrier lifetime material, Al–Cr–Fe–O, exhibiting strong photocurrent recombination is investigated for its atomic scale crystallographic and chemical inhomogeneity. Combined scanning transmission electron microscopy and atom probe tomography unveils that insulating Al- and Cr-rich surface layers form during processing. These are discussed to be the primary reason for experimentally observed charge carrier recombination. This study highlights the importance of processing in the design, discovery and optimization of new light absorber materials for photoelectrochemical water splitting.
Mechanical Evaluation of Concrete Bridge Deck Pavement Systems
Authors: Raab Christiane , Partl Manfred N. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Asphalt pavement systems for concrete bridge decks must not only comply with requirements from traffic and environmental exposure but also provide protection of the concrete structures against corrosive attacks from water or deicing agents. These multifunctional expectations are major challenges not only from the material side but also from the experimental side as to the evaluation of the right test methods for assessing the mechanical behavior of the whole multilayer pavement system. In this article, the results of a research project comparing different asphalt pavement systems for alpine regions are presented. These systems consist of hot rolled and mastic asphalt for wearing and protection layers placed on waterproofing systems with polymer bitumen sheets, liquid polymer, and mastic asphalt. The study revealed both the mechanical differences between the different systems and the weaknesses or strengths of different mechanical tests, clearly demonstrating that one has to be careful in interpreting seemingly contradictory results of different test methods. In particular, it was interesting to see that the rutting assessment for some systems differs between cyclic compression tests and rutting tests conducted with a model mobile load simulator.
Transference of metals in the soil‐food chain system: of Caspian Sea sturgeons
Authors: Chaplygin V. A. , Ershova T. S. , Zaitsev V. F. 
Published: October 2019

Aim.Identification of metal transference characteristics in components of the ecosystem of the north‐western part of the Caspian Sea. Material and Methods.Sampling was carried out according to generally accepted methods and the determination of heavy metals was carried out by atomic absorption spectroscopy using an atomic absorption spectrometer with electro‐thermal atomization MGA‐915 MD. Results. In studying the migration of trace elements in the trophic chains of the Caspian Sea sturgeon species it was found that: (a) chromium, manganese and iron do not accumulate along the trophic chain researched; (b) accumulation of lead and cobalt above the trophic level occupied by benthic invertebrates did not occur; (c) cadmium, nickel and copper were accumulated primarily by benthic organisms, while cadmium and nickel accumulated in the kidneys of Russian and Persian sturgeons and copper accumulated in the liver of both species (d) bioaccumulation of zinc occurs sequentially in the links: soil‐water‐benthic invertebrates‐benthophage fish (in Russian and Persian sturgeons in their kidneys, liver and muscles) and (e) mercury migrates along the links of the food chain, accumulation coefficients increasing progressively in the system: soil‐Didacna mollusc‐benthophage fish (in Russian and Persian sturgeons in their kidneys, liver and muscles). Conclusion.The accumulation of heavy metals from water amongst aquatic organisms depends on the properties of the metal, its involvement in biochemical processes, species, biological status and the nature of abiotic living conditions.
Research into natural factors of the Trans‐Baikal region influencing air quality of a city located in an intra‐continental intermountain basin: the example of the Tugnui basin
Authors: Shcherbatyuk A. P. 
Published: October 2019

Aim. The study of the degree of influence of natural factors in the Trans‐Baikal region on the quality of the air of the city of Petrovsk‐Zabaykalsky, which lies in an intermountain basin. Material and Methods. The geomorphology and climate of the intermountain basins of the Trans‐Baikal regions, as well as their separation by orographic features, were studied. Missing points were identified which need for further scientific research regarding the influence of natural factors of the Trans‐Baikal region on the quality of the air. Results. Geographical and natural factors in the formation of the qualitative composition of the atmosphere of cities located in intracontinental intermountain basins are presented. Studies were conducted from 2005 to 2015 at three observation posts (hereinafter – OP) in the city of Petrovsk‐Zabaykalsky (Н1 = 800 m; Н2 = 860 m; Н3 = 895 m). The dynamics of the average values of pollutant content in the air of the city of Petrovsk‐Zabaykalsky for the period 2005‐2015 were considered (based on field observations from three OPs), as well as the dynamics of the atmospheric pollution index of benzo(a)pyrene in the air in Petrovsk‐Zabaykalsky for the period 2005‐2015. Geoecological threats were assessed together with the geographical mechanisms responsible for them and the dynamics of atmospheric air pollution of a characteristic situation (the Tugnui basin and atmospheric air of the city of Petrovsk‐Zabaykalsky) were studied. The regular occurrence of extremely dangerous concentrations of pollutants in the atmosphere of cities located in intermountain basins is presented. Conclusion. The author’s research into the influence of natural factors (using the example of the Tugnui basin) on the air quality of a city on the National Priority List (e.g. the city of Petrovsk‐Zabaykalsky) showed that extremely dangerous concentrations of pollutants, especially substances of the first hazard class, namely benzo(a)pyrene, are created because of geographical factors.
Ecology and distribution of the Amur Chebachok Pseudorasbora parva (Temminck et Schlegel, 1846) as a biologically invasive species in the delta and estuarine coast of the river Don
Authors: Starsev A. V. , Korchunov A. A. , Rabazanov N. I. , Rabazanov R. N. 
Published: October 2019

Aim.To analyze the results of ichthyological monitoring in order to identify the role of an invasive fish species, Pseudorasbora parva – known in Russia as the Amur Chebachok – in the ichthyological community of the River Don estuary littoral and delta. Material and Methods.Research work was carried out in the prodelta and estuarine watercourses of the Don delta in the period 2007‐2017. To catch the fish, we used bimtral, drag nets, gill nets and other fishing gear. Standard methods were applied to process ichthyological material. A total of 902 specimens of the Amur chebachok were examined. Results.The general characteristics of the invasive species from watercourses of the delta and from Taganrog Bay are given. Its role in the formation of ichthyofauna and its relationship with native species in new habitats has been determined. Dimensionmass indicators and other biological parameters of the species are given. Conclusion.The linear structure of the local population of the Amur chebachok consists of different size groupings corresponding to certain ages. The process of acclimatization of the Amur chebachok in the Don delta is associated with certain interactions with elements of the local biocenosis. It was proved that when there is a high number, both in pond farms and in natural water bodies, the species is an acute food competitor to juveniles of both farmed or local fish. Its rapid spread is due to the high survival rate of offspring, high environmental plasticity, rapid growth, short puberty and the migratory activity of larvae and fry.
Adaptation features of sheep of the Edilbaev breed reared in the agroecological conditions of the arid zones of Southern Russia
Authors: Gorlov I. F. , Fedotova G. V. , Slozhenkina M. I. , Mosolova N. I. , Gishlarkaev Ya. I. , Magomadov T. A. , Yuldashbaev Yu. A. , Mosolova D. A. 
Published: October 2019

Aim. The aim of the research was to study the features of formation of adaptive ability, meat productivity and quality indicators of mutton obtained in the arid conditions of the Volga region from sheep of the Edilbaev breed of different genotypes. Material and Methods. A package of teaching materials has been developed concerning an increase in the productive qualities of different genotypes of the studied breed in the conditions of arid regions of southern Russia. Results. The authors’ research has demonstrated the high adaptive abilities of animals of the Edilbaev breed, their economic and biological qualities, food and taste indicators of their meat, as well as the possibility of further development of the breed in the arid conditions of southern Russia. As a research base, we selected the Volgograd‐Edilbay LLC breeding farm (the world's only breeding and genetic center for raising Edilbaev sheep) which is located in the Volgograd region and specializes in breeding pure‐bred animals in arid steppe, semi‐desert and desert zones. Due to the great demand for the livestock of this breed from farms located in arid territories, this study of the comparative aspects of production characteristics of animals of original and new types in the arid conditions of the Volga region is of interest to both science and practical animal husbandry. Conclusion. An assessment of the nutritional value of mutton obtained from animals of the Edilbaev breed has shown its high nutritional and biological qualities.