bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Hydrodynamic Analysis of Narrow and Pilot‐Scale Bubble Columns with Internals
Authors: Möller Felix , Kipping Ragna , Schleicher Eckhard , Löschau Martin , Hampel Uwe , Schubert Markus 
Published: July 2019

AbstractFor a stable operation of exothermic processes in bubble column reactors, an appropriate heat control is required, e.g., through dense internal tube bundle heat exchangers. Their impact on hydrodynamic characteristics and scaling approaches is studied for columns of different scales. Two different column dimensions (DN100 and DN400) were equipped with two common tube patterns of triangular and square pitches to study local fluid dynamics. Based on geometrical tube bundle scaling quantities, hydrodynamic similarity as a scale‐up criterion with respect to average holdups, phase distributions, and local gas structures can be reached.
Drosophila ammonium transporter Rh50 is required for integrity of larval muscles and neuromuscular system
Authors: Lecompte Mathilde , Cattaert Daniel , Vincent Alain , Birman Serge , Chérif‐Zahar Baya 
Published: July 2019

AbstractRhesus glycoproteins (Rh50) have been shown to be ammonia transporters in many species from bacteria to human. They are involved in various physiological processes including acid excretion and pH regulation. Rh50 proteins can also provide a structural link between the cytoskeleton and the plasma membranes that maintain cellular integrity. Although ammonia plays essential roles in the nervous system, in particular at glutamatergic synapses, a potential role for Rh50 proteins at synapses has not yet been investigated. To better understand the function of these proteins in vivo, we studied the unique Rh50 gene of Drosophila melanogaster, which encodes two isoforms, Rh50A and Rh50BC. We found that Drosophila Rh50A is expressed in larval muscles and enriched in the postsynaptic regions of the glutamatergic neuromuscular junctions. Rh50 inactivation by RNA interference selectively in muscle cells caused muscular atrophy in larval stages and pupal lethality. Interestingly, Rh50‐deficiency in muscles specifically increased glutamate receptor subunit IIA (GluRIIA) level and the frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic potentials. Our work therefore highlights a new role for Rh50 proteins in the maintenance of Drosophila muscle architecture and synaptic physiology, which could be conserved in other species.
Intelligent pseudo‐location recommendation for protecting personal location privacy
Authors: Huang Guang‐Li , Deng Ke , Xie Zhijun , He Jing 
Published: July 2019

SummaryIndividuals' right to privacy includes control over access to their location information. With the advent of location‐based services and personal transport services (such as ridesharing), the risk of location privacy breaches is increased greatly. The potential negative effects of location privacy leakages include spam location‐based service flooding, threats to personal safety (such as physical attacks), and intrusion related to access to private places (such as homes and hospitals). Therefore, protecting the privacy of users' real locations is becoming increasingly important. This is often achieved using a pseudo‐location near the real location, but existing pseudo‐location generators, such as NRand and the uniform random method, suffer from statistical inference, which can infer the obfuscation domain to cover the real location. In this paper, we propose an intelligent pseudo‐location recommendation (IPLR) method to reduce the risk of a statistical inference attack. In IPLR, we generate a random substitute of the real location to attract the adversary and thus hide the real location. Then, the pseudo‐location is generated in the neighborhood of the random substitute location following a normal distribution; the random substitute location is changed frequently to confuse attackers. In particular, we define three levels of location privacy, ie, address level, street level, and district level, to evaluate the effectiveness of the IPLR method. Our experimental study using simulation data demonstrates that the proposed IPLR method achieves lower risk of location privacy leakage and higher probabilities of safety in all three levels of location privacy than NRand and the random method. It also demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed IPLR to balance location privacy and service quality.
Dynamic service deployment for budget‐constrained mobile edge computing
Authors: Zhou Jingya , Fan Jianxi , Wang Jin , Jia Juncheng 
Published: July 2019

SummaryCurrently, Mobile edge computing (MEC) is facing a great challenge that is how to make full use of edge resources to provide a seamless support for compute‐intensive latency‐sensitive applications. Prior studies often make a simple assumption that tasks can be executed upon every edge server, but the assumption does not hold in practical scenarios. Because a specific application task often corresponds to a certain service that provides the corresponding running environment, whereas an edge server only has limited resources and cannot offer too many services. How to decide service deployment of so many types of services among multiple edge servers is also a big challenge. To address the challenge, we study dynamic service deployment for latency‐sensitive applications. We first model the long‐term budget‐constrained latency minimization problem as a multi‐slot latency minimization problem based on the Lyapunov framework. By doing this, the hardness of a problem is significantly reduced, since we never require future information to solve the long‐term optimization. Furthermore, we extend our study by joining the task scheduling optimization, where every edge server is fully utilized in an even more efficient collaborative manner. Our extensive experiments show that the proposed algorithms can bring short latency with low cost.
JPEG steganography with particle swarm optimization accelerated by AVX
Authors: Snasel Vaclav , Kromer Pavel , Safarik Jakub , Platos Jan 
Published: July 2019

SummaryDigital steganography aims at hiding secret messages in digital data transmitted over insecure channels. The JPEG format is prevalent in digital communication, and images are often used as cover objects in digital steganography. Optimization methods can improve the properties of images with embedded secret but introduce additional computational complexity to their processing. AVX instructions available in modern CPUs are, in this work, used to accelerate data parallel operations that are part of image steganography with advanced optimizations.
Predictors of acute outcomes for intensive residential treatment of obsessive–compulsive disorder
Authors: Siwiec Stephan G. , Riemann Bradley C. , Lee Han‐Joo 
Published: July 2019

AbstractFor those who suffer with chronic and disruptive obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), who have not been sufficiently helped by outpatient treatments or medications, intensive residential treatment (IRT) is often the next best treatment option. To date, research of the predictors of treatment outcome in IRT for OCD are mixed and sometimes contradictory. Additionally, although comorbidity is common for patients in this setting, the inclusion of comorbidity as a potential predictor of outcome has been mostly lacking in research to date. The current study aimed to address these issues by utilizing optimal indices of treatment outcomes, while incorporating comorbidity into our analyses, in order to identify the predictors of treatment outcomes in the IRT for OCD setting. To this end, we analysed outcome data from 379 patients receiving IRT for OCD at the Rogers Memorial OCD Center between August 2012, and December 2017. Results indicated that the most important predictor of treatment outcome was obsession severity at admission. Specifically, higher obsession severity at admission predicted poorer treatment outcomes at discharge. Clinical implications and suggestions for future research were discussed in the manuscript.
A schema matching approach for integrated mobility service
Authors: Hirashima Yoko , Komoda Norihisa , Fujiwara Toru 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe propose a schema matching method of transport service data in different schema from multiple data sources. Nowadays, open data about transport services are increasing. However, there are some challenges to use them, because they have complicated data structure such as deeply nested objects or linked small objects. And their disparate data structures make data matching more difficult. So, we present a method to make match transport services data by exploiting the data structure, terminology, and domain knowledge. The proposed method gradually adds linked objects to matching target in matching process to find corresponding attributes. Generally, wider matching target space raises false positive rate. So, our proposed method calculates similarity score of attributes taking into account reference relationships between linked objects. We experimentally evaluate the method in real‐world transport service data and confirm that the method can improve the matching accuracy.
Oxygen heterocyclic compound screening in Citrus essential oils by linear retention index approach applied to liquid chromatography coupled to photodiode array detector
Authors: Arigò Adriana , Rigano Francesca , Micalizzi Giuseppe , Dugo Paola , Mondello Luigi 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTo date, liquid chromatography coupled to a photodiode array (PDA) detector is the main technique employed to analyse furocoumarins (FCs) in essential oils. This type of detection may lead to poor performance because of the low sensitivity and selectivity of PDA detection. In this work, the linear retention index (LRI) was used in combination with a UV‐Vis library for the identification of 35 oxygen heterocyclic compounds in Citrus essential oils, making it possible to distinguish compounds with very similar spectra. As opposed to retention time, which can significantly change with the instrument or laboratory used, LRI represents a kind of normalized relative retention time, as independent as possible from operating conditions. From a qualitative point of view, reproducibility results are provided to definitively assess the suitability of such an approach for inter‐laboratory use and for a fully automated process, even when pure and very expensive standard materials are not available, as just the LRI database and the UV‐Vis library are needed. From a quantitative point of view, calibration curves were created in pure solvent and by adding standard compounds to several blank matrices, with the aim of evaluating differences, overcoming matrix effects, achieving the correct limits of quantification, and providing the quantitative profile of real samples. The LRI system is not listed in the Commission Decision 2002/657/EC as criteria for the Full Scan UV‐Vis detection; however, its validity and applicability are here investigated and proposed for future applications, in combination with the UV‐Vis library.
Comprehensive odorant analysis for on‐line applications using selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT‐MS)
Authors: Langford Vaughan S. , Padayachee Diandree , McEwan Murray J. , Barringer Sheryl A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSelected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT‐MS) is a direct mass spectrometry technique developed for volatile organic compound (VOC) analysis. In this comprehensive review of the SIFT‐MS flavour literature, its flexibility and utility are evident. SIFT‐MS has found wide application in the analysis of formation and release of odorants in fruits, vegetables, nuts, and seeds – including flavour and sensory optimization during cooking. Dairy products and poultry, red meat, and seafood also comprise a significant number of studies across processing, sensory, and shelf‐life studies. Edible oils, initially investigated for flavour and oxidative status, have recently been very successfully classified according to origin using a combined chemometrics and SIFT‐MS approach. Other recent developments – across different food groups – have been growth in applications to packaging (including meats in modified atmosphere packaging), and correlations of SIFT‐MS data with various types of sensory testing. The continuing growth of food odorant publications indicates that the SIFT‐MS technique has a significant role to play in understanding and managing favourable and unfavourable aroma formation in both academia and industry.
Physicochemical properties of vitreous and floury endosperm flours in maize
Authors: Zhang Haiyan , Xu Guanghai 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThree maize cultivars with different endosperm types (flint, semiflint, and dent maize cultivars) were studied to characterize vitreous endosperm flour properties compared with those of floury endosperm flour from the same maize kernels. Vitreous endosperm flour had higher amylose and protein contents, and lower starch content, higher percentage of large starch granule, bigger mean diameter of starch granule, higher iodine capacity, higher trough viscosity and final viscosity and setback, lower swelling power, lower peak viscosity and breakdown, and higher peak time and pasting temperature than the counterpart floury endosperm flour. X‐ray diffraction analysis indicated typical A‐pattern for starches of vitreous and floury endosperm flours. Floury endosperm flour showed the presence of greater crystallinity and higher enthalpy change (∆Hgel) than vitreous endosperm flour for three cultivars. Retrogradation enthalpy (∆Hret) and retrogradation percentage (R) of vitreous and floury endosperm flours ranged from 6.23 to 7.92 J/g and 52.72% to 73.62%, and from 5.46 to 6.45 J/g and 45.70% to 56.58%, respectively. In conclusion, vitreous and floury endosperm flours had significantly different physicochemical properties. Results of this study provide a foundation for better and valid utilization of different endosperm section during grain processing.
Status on Demonstration of Fuel Cell Based Micro‐CHP Units in Europe
Authors: Nielsen E. R. , Prag C. B. , Bachmann T. M. , Carnicelli F. , Boyd E. , Walker I. , Ruf L. , Stephens A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMicro combined heat and power (micro‐CHP) systems can efficiently provide private homes or small commercial buildings with both heat and electricity. The European industry is ramping up demonstration of fuel cell based micro‐CHP units in the EU projects ene.field and PACE. Systems based on solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) and polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) have been demonstrated.More than 1,000 units have been tested in 10 European countries in the years 2012–2017. In the coming 5 years, additionally 2,500 units will be deployed via the EU funded program PACE. These field trials have been accompanied by analyses of end‐user satisfaction, environmental impact, and costs involved.The end‐users participating in the field trials had a very positive perception of the fuel cell micro‐CHP technology. The environmental impact of fuel cell micro‐CHP was compared to that of heat pumps and gas condensing boilers in a life cycle assessment (LCA). The micro‐CHP units have a better environmental performance than these competing technologies in all the analyzed use‐cases.Today, the capital costs of fuel cell based micro‐CHP are significantly higher than that of traditional heating technologies. However, as serial production begins, economies of scale will cause the costs to drop substantially and the micro‐CHP can become economically competitive.
Poverty and suicide risk in older adults: A retrospective longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Choi Jae Woo , Kim Tae Hyun , Shin Jaeyong , Han Euna 
Published: July 2019

ObjectivesWe aimed to identify the impact of poverty on suicide risk in older adults.MethodThe data used in this study was obtained from the National Health Insurance Service‐Senior claims database from 2002 to 2013. A total of 558 147 individuals were followed for up to 12 years. Poverty was assessed from insurance premium levels, and causes of death were analysed by linking individuals' deaths to the data for causes of death from the National Statistics Office in South Korea. Cox proportional hazard models were used to analyse the associations between poverty and suicide deaths after adjustments for possible confounders.ResultsAmong 558 147 older adults (aged 60‐119 years), the poverty group had an increased risk of suicide compared with the high‐income group (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR], 1.34; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.22‐1.47), and poverty‐group males had a significantly higher risk of suicide than males in the high‐income group (AHR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.33‐1.68). Adults aged 60 to 74 years in the poverty group had a higher risk of suicide than those with a high income in the same age group (AHR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.27‐1.57). However, no statistically significant income gradient was found for females or adults aged 75 years or older.ConclusionsOur findings revealed that poverty is a risk factor for death by suicide in older adults. Suicide prevention strategies for older adults should be specifically tailored by income level.
The calendar year fallacy: The danger of reliance on calendar year data in end‐of‐life capacity and financial planning
Authors: Jones Rodney P. 
Published: July 2019

SummaryPlanners, actuaries, and others involved in forecasting capacity and costs must manipulate historical data. Data from calendar/financial year totals have been assumed to be adequate and reliable. This relies on the assumption that year‐to‐year differences do not arise from patterns concealed in the data. While the seasonal cycle is widely recognized, longer term patterns such as disease outbreaks will act to modify annual demand and costs. Monthly data relating to deaths in local government areas in England and Wales are used to demonstrate curious semipermanent bursts of high behavior. There is no seasonal pattern for the start of these events, and the sudden switch to high deaths can occur at any time, even in immediately adjacent areas. Higher deaths and related demand and costs endure for around 12 months before they suddenly revert to the former level where they stay until the next of these curious high events. In England and Wales (and many other countries), a period of unexplained higher deaths, reduced life expectancy, and health care and life insurance costs since 2011 appears to be coming to an end and looks to have arisen from a coincidence of these events at sub‐national level.
Magnetized squeezed flow of time‐dependent Prandtl‐Eyring fluid past a sensor surface
Authors: Shankar Usha , Naduvinamani N. B. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe present numerical investigation describes the influence of a transverse magnetic field on the heat and mass transfer characteristics of time‐dependent squeezed flow of Prandtl‐Eyring fluid past a horizontal sensor surface. The current physical problem is modeled based on the considered flow configuration. Also, the present problem is analyzed under the influence of Lorentz forces, to explore the impact of a magnetic field on the flow behaviour. The considered physical problem in the present study gives highly nonlinear coupled time‐dependent, two‐dimensional partial differential equations. The governing flow equations are reduced to the system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations by imposing the suitable similarity transformations on the laws of motion. Due to the inadequacy in the analytical methods, the present problem is solved by using the Runge‐Kutta fourth order integration scheme with shooting method. The flow and heat transfer behaviour of various control parameters are studied and presented in terms of graphs and tables. From the current investigation it is noticed that, the increasing magnetic parameter enhances the velocity field and diminishes the temperature profile in the flow region. Also, the magnifying permeable velocity parameter decreases the temperature field. The present similarity solutions are found to be in good agreement with previously published results.
Comparison of optically‐derived biomarkers in healthy and brain tumor tissue under one‐ and two‐photon excitation
Authors: Sibai Mira , Mehidine Hussein , Moawad Emile Kaadou , Juchaux Marjorie , Varlet Pascale , Devaux Bertrand , Abi Haidar Darine 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe surgical outcome of brain tumor resection and needle biopsy is significantly correlated to the patient's prognosis. Brain tumor surgery is limited to resecting the solid portion of the tumor as current intraoperative imaging modalities are incapable of delineating infiltrative regions. For accurate delineation, in situ tissue interrogation at the submicron scale is warranted. Additionally, multimodal detection is required to remediate the genetically and molecularly heterogeneous nature of brain tumors, notably, that of gliomas, meningioma and brain metastasis. Multimodal detection, such as spectrally‐ and temporally‐resolved fluorescence under one‐ and two‐photon excitation, enables characterizing tissue based on several endogenous optical contrasts. In order to assign the optically‐derived parameters to different tissue types, construction of an optical database obtained from biopsied tissue is warranted. This report showcases the different quantitative and semi‐quantitative optical markers that may comprise the tissue discrimination database. These include: the optical index ratio, the optical redox ratio, the relative collagen density, spectrally‐resolved fluorescence lifetime parameters, two‐photon fluorescence imaging and second harmonic generation imaging.
Hybrid nanoreservoirs based on dextran‐capped dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles for CD133‐targeted drug delivery
Authors: Zahiri Mahsa , Babaei Maryam , Abnous Khalil , Taghdisi Seyed Mohammad , Ramezani Mohammad , Alibolandi Mona 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this study, the chemical features of dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (DMSNs) provided the opportunity to design a nanostructure with the capability to intelligently transport the payload to the tumor cells. In this regard, doxorubicin (DOX)‐encapsulated DMSNs was electrostatically surface‐coated with polycarboxylic acid dextran (PCAD) to provide biocompatible dextran‐capped DMSNs (PCAD‐DMSN@DOX) with controlled pH‐dependent drug release. Moreover, a RNA aptamer against a cancer stem cell (CSC) marker, CD133 was covalently attached to the carboxyl groups of DEX to produce a CD133‐PCAD‐DMSN@DOX. Then, the fabricated nanosystem was utilized to efficiently deliver DOX to CD133+ colorectal cancer cells (HT29). The in vitro evaluation in terms of cellular uptake and cytotoxicity demonstrated that the CD133‐PCAD‐DMSN@DOX specifically targets HT29 as a CD133 overexpressed cancer cells confirmed by flow cytometry and 3‐(4,5‐dimethyl‐2‐thiazolyl)‐2,5‐diphenyl‐2‐H‐tetrazolium bromide assay. The potentially promising intelligent‐targeted platform suggests that targeted dextran‐capped DMSNs may find impressive application in cancer therapy.