bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Randomized Crossover Study to Evaluate Recipe Acceptability in Breastfeeding Mothers and Young Children in India Targeted for a Multiple Biofortified Food Crop Intervention
Authors: Gannon Bryan M. , Thakker Varsha , Bonam Vincent S. , Haas Jere D. , Bonam Wesley , Finkelstein Julia L. , Udipi Shobha A. , Mehta Saurabh 
Published: July 2019

Background: A multiple biofortified food crop trial targeting iron, zinc, and vitamin A deficiencies among young children and their breastfeeding mothers is planned in India. Objective: To determine the acceptability of recipes prepared with control and biofortified pearl millet, wheat, lentils, and sweet potato. Methods: Children (6-24 months) and their mothers were enrolled as pairs (n = 52). Weight and height/length were determined. Mothers and children were separately, individually randomized in a crossover design to control or biofortified recipes. Children’s 3-day intake was measured per recipe and crop variety. For mothers, a 9-point hedonic scale evaluated color, odor, taste, and overall acceptability. Results: Children’s mean (SD) length-/height-for-age Z-score was −1.2 (1.7), with 27% < −2 (stunted). Mean weight-for-length Z-score was −0.6 (1.2) with 9.6% < −2 (wasted). Mother’s body mass index showed 17% <18.5 and 38% >25. There was no difference in the children’s intake of biofortified versus control varieties of any recipe ( P ≥ .22); overall median daily intake was 75 g (Q1: 61, Q3: 100). Mother’s hedonic scores for color, odor, taste, or overall acceptability did not demonstrate any notable differences ( P ≥ .23 for overall acceptability); combined median overall acceptability score was 8.5 (Q1: 8.0, Q3: 9.0). Conclusions: Recipes were consumed readily, were rated as highly acceptable, and did not show any differences between biofortified and control varieties.
The Effects of Acute Exercise on Retroactive Memory Interference
Authors: Loprinzi Paul D. , Frith Emily , Crawford Lindsay 
Published: July 2019

Purpose: Retroactive interference involves the disruption of previously encoded information from newly learned information and thus may impair the consolidation of long-term memory. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether acute exercise can attenuate retroactive memory interference. Design: Three experimental studies were employed. Experiment 1 employed a between-subject randomized control trial (RCT) involving moderate-intensity walking (15 minutes). Experiment 2 employed a between-subject RCT involving high-intensity jogging (15 minutes). Experiment 3 employed a within-subject RCT involving moderate-intensity walking (15 minutes). Setting: University setting. Participants: One hundred twelve young adults. Measures: After exercise, memory interference was evaluated from an episodic word-list memory task, involving the recall of 2 word lists. Results: The pooled effect size (standard difference in means: −0.35; 95% confidence interval: −0.64 to −0.06) across the 3 experiments was statistically significant ( P = .01). Conclusion: We provide suggestive evidence that acute, short-duration exercise may help attenuate a retroactive memory interference effect. Implications of these findings for exercise to improve memory and attenuate memory decay are discussed.
Complex medical history of a patient with a compound heterozygous mutation in C1QC
Authors: Lubbers R , Beaart-van de Voorde L J J , van Leeuwen K , de Boer M , Gelderman K A , van den Berg M J , Ketel A G , Simon A , de Ree J , Huizinga T W J , Steup-Beekman G M , Trouw L A 
Published: July 2019

Introduction C1q is an essential part of the classical pathway of complement activation. Genetic deficiencies, caused by homozygous mutations in one of the C1q genes, are rare and are strongly associated with development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Here we describe a C1q-deficient patient with a compound heterozygous mutation. Material and methods Serum was analysed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot for the presence of C1q, and DNA and RNA sequencing was performed to identify the mutations and confirm that these were located on different chromosomes. Results The medical history of the patient includes SLE diagnosis at age 11 years with cerebral involvement at age 13, various infections, osteonecrosis and hemophagocytic syndrome. Using ELISA and Western blot, we confirmed the absence of C1q in the serum of the patient. Using DNA sequencing, two mutations in the C1QC gene were identified: c.100G > A p.(Gly34Arg) and c.205C > T p.(Arg69X). With RNA sequencing we confirmed that the mutations are located on different chromosomes. Discussion The patient described in this case report has a compound heterozygous mutation in C1QC resulting in C1q deficiency.
Tamoxifen-induced vasculitis
Authors: Kulkarni Utkarsha , Nayak Veena , Prabhu Mukhyaprana M , Rao Raghavendra 
Published: July 2019

Introduction Tamoxifen is a selective estrogen receptor modulator used widely for the treatment of breast cancer. Apart from its common adverse reactions such as endometrial cancer, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary emboli, there are very few reports about its ability to cause vasculitis. Case report A 45-year-old woman who underwent modified radical mastectomy was started on tamoxifen. Six months later, she developed vasculitis which was confirmed by immunofluorescence-induced vasculitis in a pre-menopausal woman. Management and outcome Dapsone was used to relieve her symptoms for two weeks, but the lesions reappeared when dapsone was stopped. She continues to suffer from vasculitis as tamoxifen could not be discontinued. Discussion This case report is important in order to draw attention towards this rare, but equally severe side effect of cutaneous vasculitis due to the most commonly used drug for breast cancer. In view of the absence of alternative medications for pre-menopausal women, it is necessary to have a strict monitoring of its adverse effects as well as more intensive research for a better agent.
Does radiopaque cement conceal periprosthetic bone loss around femoral stems?
Authors: Flatøy Bernhard , Dahl Jon , Röhrl Stephan Maximilian , Nordsletten Lars 
Published: July 2019

Background: Periprosthetic bone remodelling may increase fracture risk and deplete bone stock around hip implants. These changes are in part caused by implant design, advocating an early evaluation of bone remodelling properties of new implants. This can be done by repeated dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measurements. We know that radiopaque cement falsely elevates bone mineral density (BMD) in single measurements, however, its impact on repeated measurements, i.e. BMD changes is unexplored. We have therefore investigated whether the presence of radiopaque cement affect repeated BMD measurements. Methods: 33 patients eligible for total hip replacement were randomly assigned to either radiopaque or radiolucent cement. BMD changes up to 12 months were measured by DXA, in addition to Harris Hip Score, plain radiographs and radiostereometric analysis (RSA). Results: Periprosthetic BMD declined during the first 3–6 months in all zones in both groups. The greatest reduction (14%) was seen in the proximal Gruen zones (1 and 7). We found a significant difference in Gruen zones 1 and 2, where the measured bone loss was higher in the radiolucent cement group. Conclusions: The presence of radiopaque agents in bone cement may influence DXA measurements of bone remodelling. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00473421.
Role of Deleterious Rare Alleles for Acute-Onset Diffuse Interstitial Lung Disease in Collagen Diseases
Authors: Furukawa Hiroshi , Oka Shomi , Shimada Kota , Hashimoto Atsushi , Komiya Akiko , Matsui Toshihiro , Tohma Shigeto 
Published: July 2019

Objective: Acute-onset diffuse interstitial lung disease (AoDILD) includes acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease (ILD), drug-induced ILD, and Pneumocystis pneumonia in collagen diseases patients. As AoDILD causes a poor prognosis in collagen disease patients, the pathogenesis of AoDILD should be investigated. Exome sequencing studies revealed that rare variants were detected to be causative in some diseases. Recently reported upregulated genes in acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis could provide candidate genes for restricted exome analysis of AoDILD in collagen disease. Here, we investigated rare variants in the coding and boundary regions of these candidate genes in AoDILD. Methods: Deleterious rare variants in the coding and boundary regions of the candidate genes were analyzed by exome sequencing and the deleterious rare allele frequencies in AoDILD were compared with those of controls. Results: A significant association was detected for deleterious rare alleles in NPL ( P = .0044, Pc = .0399, odds ratio [OR] = 10.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.01-33.55). A deleterious rare allele frequency in the 9 candidate genes ( P = .0011, OR = 7.17, 95% CI = 2.80-18.33) was also increased in AoDILD in multigene panel analysis. The Krebs von den Lungen–6 (KL-6) levels in AoDILD patients with deleterious rare alleles were tended to be lower than those without ( P = .0168, Pc = .1509). Conclusions: The deleterious rare alleles in NPL were associated with AoDILD. In addition, the deleterious rare allele frequency in the 9 candidate genes was also increased in AoDILD. The deleterious rare alleles might contribute to the pathogenesis of AoDILD.
Whole Brain White Matter Microstructure and Upper Limb Function: Longitudinal Changes in Fractional Anisotropy and Axial Diffusivity in Post-Stroke Patients
Authors: Oey Nicodemus Edrick , Samuel Geoffrey Sithamparapillai , Lim Joseph Kai Wei , VanDongen Antonius MJ , Ng Yee Sien , Zhou Juan 
Published: July 2019

Background: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measuring fractional anisotropy (FA) and axial diffusivity (AD) may be a useful biomarker for monitoring changes in white matter after stroke, but its associations with upper-limb motor recovery have not been well studied. We aim to describe changes in the whole-brain FA and AD in five post-stroke patients in relation to kinematic measures of elbow flexion to better understand the relationship between FA and AD changes and clinico-kinematic measures of upper limb motor recovery. Methods: We performed DTI MRI at two timepoints during the acute phase of stroke, measuring FA and AD across 48 different white matter tract regions in the brains of five hemiparetic patients with infarcts in the cortex, pons, basal ganglia, thalamus, and corona radiata. We tracked the progress of these patients using clinical Fugl-Meyer Assessments and kinematic measures of elbow flexion at the acute phase within 14 (mean: 9.4 ± 2.49) days of stroke symptom onset and at a follow-up appointment 2 weeks later (mean: 16 ± 1.54) days. Results: Changes in FA and AD in 48 brain regions occurring during stroke rehabilitation are described in relation to motor recovery. In this case series, one patient with a hemipontine infarct showed an increase in FA of the ipsilateral and contralateral corticospinal tract, whereas other patients with lesions involving the corona radiata and middle cerebral artery showed widespread decreases in perilesional FA. On the whole, FA and AD seemed to behave inversely to each other. Conclusions: This case series describes longitudinal changes in perilesional and remote FA and AD in relation to kinematic parameters of elbow flexion at the subacute post-stroke period. Although studies with larger sample sizes are needed, our findings indicate that longitudinally measured changes in DTI-based measurements of white matter microstructural integrity may aid in the prognostication of patients affected by motor stroke.
Asynchronous telepsychiatry: A systematic review
Authors: O’Keefe Molly , White Kelsey , Jennings J’Aime C 
Published: July 2019

Introduction Healthcare providers and systems increasingly utilize telehealth modalities to address barriers and challenges for healthcare delivery. Specialties, such as psychiatry, are testing asynchronous methods for telehealth delivery. The National Quality Forum (NQF) developed a framework with which to assess the quality of telemedicine according to measures and measure concepts within four domains. This review assesses existing asynchronous telepsychiatry (ATP) research according to the telehealth domains established by NQF, evaluates the prevalence and quality of ATP, and identifies the areas in which more research must be conducted. Methods A systematic review of ATP methods was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Studies were categorized according to NQF telehealth domains and subdomains to further examine study outcomes. Results The review initially identified 205 studies that were narrowed down to a final sample of 11 articles. Of the final articles, most studies addressed the effectiveness of ATP or users’ experience with ATP. Discussion The initial investigation of published ATP literature suggests promising results. ATP studies suggest that these services improve access to care, can be feasibly implemented by the clinical team, maintain patient/family satisfaction, and potentially reduce the cost of services. The limited sample of published literature necessitates further study of the practice in order to assess ATP according to the quality domains identified by NQF, especially access to care for patients and caregivers, the financial costs incurred by both providers and patients, and barriers to uptake.
Tests of Income Convergence in ASEAN and SAARC Trading Blocs
Authors: Zia Uzma , Mahmood Zafar 
Published: July 2019

The cherished goal of speedy economic growth in the Asian regional blocs cannot be achieved without attaining income convergence among them. Economic integration and assessment of income convergence or disparities among Asian blocs is the aim of this study. This study assesses a number of factors, such as trade openness, foreign direct investment, intellectual property rights protection and governance, to see how open economies are integrating themselves while competing with each other. Findings reveal that the SAARC group has not shown intra-regional income convergence, while the ASEAN group provides sufficient evidence. Although simultaneously considering SAARC and ASEAN groups in the form of a panel, there is evidence of non-convergence between the two regional groups. An important policy implication of the study is that the ASEAN and SAARC blocs are in dire need for combined and collective policy framework at the regional level. JEL: O19, O31, F15
Retrospective Study: Association of Chronic Sphenoid Rhinosinusitis With Community Acquired Pneumonia
Authors: McQuitty Robert , Bui Roger , Chaaban Mohamad R. 
Published: July 2019

Objectives Our objective in this study is to examine the association between chronic sphenoid rhinosinusitis and community acquired pneumonia (CAP). Study Design Retrospective chart review. Methods A list of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients who presented to a tertiary rhinology clinic from 2013 to 2015 was conducted. Patients were excluded if they were not seen for at least 2 years. Patients were categorized into CRS with sphenoid sinusitis (group A) and CRS without sphenoid sinusitis (group B). The former group was divided into 2 categories according to their computed tomography scan/endoscopy findings: mucosal thickening and opacification (partial, complete, purulent sphenoid drainage on endoscopy). Posterior ethmoid disease was analyzed in the same fashion. Charts were then reviewed on whether the patients developed CAP within 2 years of their visit to the rhinologist. Results Six hundred forty-five of 1061 patients were included in the analysis. There were 178 (27.60%) patients in group A and 467 (72.40%) patients in group B. There were 40 total cases of pneumonia with 27 (67.50%) cases having chronic sphenoid sinusitis. Patients with sphenoid sinusitis were 6.77 (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.36–13.66) times more likely to have pneumonia. Patients with partial/complete opacification of the sphenoid sinus were 19.76 (95% CI, 8.78–44.47) times more likely to have pneumonia. Patients with only mucosal thickening of the sphenoid sinus did not have significantly increased odds of having pneumonia. Posterior ethmoid disease did not have an association with CAP nor did it increase the risk of CAP in sphenoid sinusitis patients. Conclusions There is an association between chronic sphenoid rhinosinusitis and CAP. Partial/complete opacification of the sphenoid sinus had the highest association with pneumonia.
State policies in the United States impacting drug-related convictions and their consequences in 2015
Authors: Cramer Ryan , Hexem Sarah , Thompson Kelly , LaPollo Archana Bodas , Chesson Harrell W , Leichliter Jami S 
Published: July 2019

Background: Criminal justice system involvement has been associated with health issues, including sexually transmitted disease. Both incarceration and sexually transmitted disease share associations with various social conditions, including poverty, stigma, and drug use. Methods: United States state laws (including Washington, D.C.) regarding drug possession and consequences of drug-related criminal convictions were collected and coded. Drug possession policies focused on mandatory sentences for possession of marijuana, crack cocaine and methamphetamines. Consequences of drug-related convictions included ineligibility for public programmes, ineligibility for occupational licences and whether employers may ask prospective employees about criminal history. We analysed correlations between state sexually transmitted disease rates and percentage of a state's population convicted of a felony. Results: First-time possession of marijuana results in mandatory incarceration in one state; first-time possession of crack cocaine or methamphetamines results in mandatory incarceration in 12 (23.5%) states. Many states provide enhanced punishment upon a third possession conviction. A felony drug conviction results in mandatory ineligibility for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program and/or Temporary Assistance for Needy Families in 17 (33.3%) states. Nine (17.6%) states prohibit criminal history questions on job applications. Criminal convictions limit eligibility for various professional licences in all states. State chlamydia, gonorrhoea and syphilis rates were positively associated with the percentage of the state population convicted of a felony ( p < 0.05). Conclusion: While associations between crime, poverty, stigma and health have been investigated, our findings could be used to investigate the relationship between the likelihood of criminal justice system interactions, their consequences and public health outcomes including sexually transmitted disease risk.
Patient-Reported Allergies, a Marker of Preoperative Pain and Disability in Elective Spine Surgery
Authors: Lyons Keith W. , Borsinger Tracy M. , Lucas Adriana P. , McGuire Kevin J. , Pearson Adam M. , Abdu William A. 
Published: July 2019

Study Design: Retrospective review. Objective: Previous literature demonstrates mixed results regarding the relationship between patient-reported allergies and pain, function, and satisfaction scores. The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between patient-reported allergies and preoperative Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Neck Disability Index (NDI), and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement System (PROMIS) scores. Methods: All patients undergoing elective cervical, lumbar procedures between May 2017 and October 2018 were included. Baseline demographic information was recorded, as well as all reported allergies or adverse reactions. Preoperative PROMIS, ODI, and NDI scores were recorded. Hierarchical multiple linear regressions were used to assess the relationship between total number of allergies and the preoperative pain and function scores. Results: A total of 570 patients were included (476 lumbar, 94 cervical). The mean number of allergies reported was 1.89 ± 2.32. The mean preoperative ODI and NDI scores were 46.39 ± 17.67 and 43.47 ± 16.51, respectively. The mean preoperative PROMIS Physical Health and PROMIS Mental Health scores were 37.21 ± 6.54 and 43.89 ± 9.26, respectively. Hierarchical multiple linear regression showed that total number of reported allergies shared a statistically significant negative relationship with all of the following scores: ODI ( B = 0.83, P = .02), NDI ( B = 1.45, P = .02), PROMIS Physical Health ( B = −0.29, P = .013), and PROMIS Mental Health ( B = −0.38, P = .024). Conclusions: Patient-reported allergies share a statistically significant negative relationship with preoperative pain and function scores; as patients have increasing total number of allergies, the ODI/NDI scores become worse (increase) and the PROMIS scores become worse (decrease).
What should we be careful of ankle arthroscopy?
Authors: Ahn Jae Hoon , Park Dojoon , Park Yong Taek , Park Joonyoung , Kim Yoon-Chung 
Published: July 2019

Purpose: Ankle arthroscopy has been used as a standard tool by foot and ankle surgeons. To overcome the narrowness of ankle joint, a noninvasive distraction technique is used for the successful visualization in ankle arthroscopy. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence and type of complications associated with ankle arthroscopy using a noninvasive distraction technique and to report a troublesome complication. Methods: We reviewed 514 patients’ charts from 2003 to 2011. The same noninvasive distraction technique was used. Patients’ demography, duration of follow-up, diagnoses, procedures, and complications related to ankle arthroscopy were analyzed. Results: There were 388 male and 126 female; mean age was 37.2 years; mean follow-up duration was 33 months. The diagnoses were osteochondral lesion of talus, chronic ankle instability, anterolateral soft tissue impingement syndrome, and anterior bony impingement. We performed arthroscopic synovectomy, osteochondral procedure, bony spur excision, and loose body removal. The mean time of arthroscopic procedure was 47 min. There were neurologic complications (eight cases), skin necrosis of posterior thigh (three cases), instrument breakage (two cases), and superficial wound infection (one case). All complications were well resolved. The total duration of distraction plus tourniquet inflation exceeded 120 min in the three cases of skin necrosis. Skin necrosis was deemed to be resulted from the long tourniquet time. Conclusion: The noninvasive distraction technique is safe and effective for ankle arthroscopy. However, the distraction plus tourniquet requires attention because it can cause high pressure on posterior thigh resulting in soft tissue injury.