bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forensic microbiology reveals that Neisseria animaloris infections in harbour porpoises follow traumatic injuries by grey seals
Authors: Foster Geoffrey , Whatmore Adrian M. , Dagleish Mark P. , Malnick Henry , Gilbert Maarten J. , Begeman Lineke , Macgregor Shaheed K. , Davison Nicholas J. , Roest Hendrik Jan , Jepson Paul , Howie Fiona , Muchowski Jakub , Brownlow Andrew C. , Wagenaar Jaap A. , Kik Marja J. L. , Deaville Rob , Doeschate Mariel T. I. ten , Barley Jason , Hunter Laura , IJsseldijk Lonneke L. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractNeisseria animaloris is considered to be a commensal of the canine and feline oral cavities. It is able to cause systemic infections in animals as well as humans, usually after a biting trauma has occurred. We recovered N. animaloris from chronically inflamed bite wounds on pectoral fins and tailstocks, from lungs and other internal organs of eight harbour porpoises. Gross and histopathological evidence suggest that fatal disseminated N. animaloris infections had occurred due to traumatic injury from grey seals. We therefore conclude that these porpoises survived a grey seal predatory attack, with the bite lesions representing the subsequent portal of entry for bacteria to infect the animals causing abscesses in multiple tissues, and eventually death. We demonstrate that forensic microbiology provides a useful tool for linking a perpetrator to its victim. Moreover, N. animaloris should be added to the list of potential zoonotic bacteria following interactions with seals, as the finding of systemic transfer to the lungs and other tissues of the harbour porpoises may suggest a potential to do likewise in humans.
Brain lateralization probed by water diffusion at the atomic to micrometric scale
Authors: Natali F. , Dolce C. , Peters J. , Stelletta C. , Demé B. , Ollivier J. , Leduc G. , Cupane A. , Barbier E. L. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCombined neutron scattering and diffusion nuclear magnetic resonance experiments have been used to reveal significant interregional asymmetries (lateralization) in bovine brain hemispheres in terms of myelin arrangement and water dynamics at micron to atomic scales. Thicker myelin sheaths were found in the left hemisphere using neutron diffraction. 4.7 T dMRI and quasi-elastic neutron experiments highlighted significant differences in the properties of water dynamics in the two hemispheres. The results were interpreted in terms of hemisphere-dependent cellular composition (number of neurons, cell distribution, etc.) as well as specificity of neurological functions (such as preferential networking).
In vitro nephrotoxicity and anticancer potency of newly synthesized cadmium complexes
Authors: Abyar Selda , Khandar Ali Akbar , Salehi Roya , Abolfazl Hosseini-Yazdi Seyed , Alizadeh Effat , Mahkam Mehrdad , Jamalpoor Amer , White Jonathan M. , Shojaei Motahhareh , Aizpurua-Olaizola O. , Masereeuw Rosalinde , Janssen Manoe J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractComplexes based on heavy metals have great potential for the treatment of a wide variety of cancers but their use is often limited due to toxic side effects. Here we describe the synthesis of two new cadmium complexes using N(4)-phenyl-2-formylpyridine thiosemicarbazone (L1) and 5-aminotetrazole (L2) as organic ligands and the evaluation of their anti-cancer and nephrotoxic potential in vitro. The complexes were characterized by Single-crystal X-ray data diffraction, 1HNMR, FT-IR, LC/MS spectrometry and CHN elemental analysis. Next, cytotoxicity of these cadmium complexes was evaluated in several cancer cell lines, including MCF-7 (breast), Caco-2 (colorectal) and cisplatin-resistant A549 (lung) cancer cell lines, as well as in conditionally-immortalized renal proximal tubule epithelial cell lines for evaluating nephrotoxicity compared to cisplatin. We found that both compounds were toxic to the cancer cell lines in a cell-cycle dependent manner and induced caspase-mediated apoptosis and caspase-independent cell death. Nephrotoxicity of these compounds was compared to cisplatin, a known nephrotoxic drug, in vitro. Our results demonstrate that compound {2}, but not compound {1}, exerts increased cytotoxicity in MCF-7 and A549 cell lines, combined with reduced nephrotoxic potential compared to cisplatin. Together these data make compound {2} a likely candidate for further development in cancer treatment.
Quantification of Contractile Dynamic Complexities Exhibited by Human Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes Using Nonlinear Dimensional Analysis
Authors: Hoang Plansky , Jacquir Sabir , Lemus Stephanie , Ma Zhen 
Published: October 2019

AbstractUnderstanding the complexity of biological signals has been gaining widespread attention due to increasing knowledge on the nonlinearity that exists in these systems. Cardiac signals are known to exhibit highly complex dynamics, consisting of high degrees of interdependency that regulate the cardiac contractile functions. These regulatory mechanisms are important to understand for the development of novel in vitro cardiac systems, especially with the exponential growth in deriving cardiac tissue directly from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). This work describes a unique analytical approach that integrates linear amplitude and frequency analysis of physical cardiac contraction, with nonlinear analysis of the contraction signals to measure the signals’ complexity. We generated contraction motion waveforms reflecting the physical contraction of hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) and implemented these signals to nonlinear analysis to compute the capacity and correlation dimensions. These parameters allowed us to characterize the dynamics of the cardiac signals when reconstructed into a phase space and provided a measure of signal complexity to supplement contractile physiology data. Thus, we applied this approach to evaluate drug response and observed that relationships between contractile physiology and dynamic complexity were unique to each tested drug. This illustrated the applicability of this approach in not only characterization of cardiac signals, but also monitoring and diagnostics of cardiac health in response to external stress.
Single-tube, dual channel pentaplexing for the identification of Candida strains associated with human infection
Authors: Jainlabdin Mohd Hanif , Batra Ambalika , Sánchez Paredes Edith , Hernández Hernández Francisca , Fu Guoliang , Tovar-Torres Jorge 
Published: October 2019

AbstractInvasive candidiasis is one of the most common nosocomial fungal infections worldwide. Delayed implementation of effective antifungal treatment caused by inefficient Candida diagnosis contributes to its notoriously high mortality rates. The availability of better Candida diagnostic tools would positively impact patient outcomes. Here, we report on the development of a single-tube, dual channel pentaplex molecular diagnostic assay based on Multiplex Probe Amplification (MPA) technology. It allows simultaneous identification of C. auris, C. glabrata and C. krusei, at species-level as well as of six additional albicans and non-albicans pathogenic Candida at genus level. The assay overcomes the one-channel one-biomarker limitation of qPCR-based assays. Assay specificities are conferred by unique biomarker probe pairs with characteristic melting temperatures; post-amplification melting curve analysis allows simple identification of the infectious agent. Alerting for the presence of C. auris, the well-characterised multi-drug resistant outbreak strain, will facilitate informed therapy decisions and aid antifungal stewardship. The MPA-Candida assay can also be coupled to a pan-Fungal assay when differentiation between fungal and bacterial infections might be desirable. Its multiplexing capacity, detection range, specificity and sensitivity suggest the potential use of this novel MPA-Candida assay in clinical diagnosis and in the control and management of hospital outbreaks.
Spatial connectivity pattern of expanding gilthead seabream populations and its interactions with aquaculture sites: a combined population genetic and physical modelling approach
Authors: Žužul Iva , Šegvić-Bubić Tanja , Talijančić Igor , Džoić Tomislav , Lepen Pleić Ivana , Beg Paklar Gordana , Ivatek-Šahdan Stjepan , Katavić Ivan , Grubišić Leon 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn gilthead seabream the number of domesticated individuals increased annually, and escape events occur regularly in the Adriatic Sea. Still there is a lack of population genetic characteristics and evidence of the extent and geographic scale of interbreeding resulting from fish-farm escapees. We screened 1586 individuals using a panel of 21 neutral microsatellite loci in several consecutive years and here report on the medium-scale detection of hybrid and farmed seabream in the natural environment. Wild adults showed a lack of genetic structure within basin and sampling years and reduced connectivity with wild offspring collection, suggesting their temporal residency within the Adriatic. On the contrary, by linking the results of multiannual genetic analyses with the results of coupled hydrodynamic and individual based models (IBM-Ichthyop), we observed a strong connection of wild seabream associated with tuna-aquaculture sites and offspring from the nursery grounds, indicating that the surroundings of tuna sea-cage farms can function as a spawning grounds. The study results present the genetic baseline of wild and farmed strains from the eastern Adriatic Sea, as a first step toward development of a mitigation strategy for fish escapees aimed at controlling further erosion of genetic integrity.
Prediction of various freshness indicators in fish fillets by one multispectral imaging system
Authors: Khoshnoudi-Nia Sara , Moosavi-Nasab Marzieh 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn current study, a simple multispectral imaging (430–1010 nm) system along with linear and non-linear regressions were used to assess the various fish spoilage indicators during 12 days storage at 4 ± 2 °C. The indicators included Total-Volatile Basic Nitrogen (TVB-N) and Psychrotrophic Plate Count (PPC) and sensory score in fish fillets. immediately, after hyperspectral imaging, the reference values (TVB-N, PPC and sensory score) of samples were obtained by traditional method. To simplify the calibration models, nine optimal wavelengths were selected by genetic algorithm. The prediction performance of various chemometric models including partial least-squares regression (PLSR), multiple-linear regression (MLR), least-squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) and back-propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN) were compared. All models showed acceptable performance for simultaneous predicting of PPC, TVB-N and sensory score (R2P ≥ 0.853 and RPD ≥ 2.603). Non-linear models were considered better quantitative model to predict all of three freshness indicators in fish fillets. Among the three spoilage indices, the best predictive power was obtained for PPC value and the weakest one was acquired for TVB-N content prediction. The best model for prediction TVB-N (R2p = 0.862; RMSEP = 3.542 and RPD = 2.678) and sensory score (R2p = 0.912; RMSEP = 1.802 and RPD = 3.33) belonged to GA-LS-SVM and for prediction of PPC value was BP-ANN (R2p = 0.921; RMSEP = 0.504 and RPD = 3.64). Therefore, developing multispectral imaging system based on LS-SVM model seems to be suitable for simultaneous prediction of all three indicators (R2P > 0.862 and RPD > 2.678). Further studies needed to improve the accuracy and applicability of HSI system for predicting freshness of rainbow-trout fish.
Low value for the static background dielectric constant in epitaxial PZT thin films
Authors: Boni Georgia Andra , Chirila Cristina Florentina , Hrib Luminita , Negrea Raluca , Filip Lucian Dragos , Pintilie Ioana , Pintilie Lucian 
Published: October 2019

AbstractFerroelectrics are intensively studied materials due to their unique properties with high potential for applications. Despite all efforts devoted to obtain the values of ferroelectric material constants, the problem of the magnitude of static dielectric constant remains unsolved. In this article it is shown that the value of the static dielectric constant at zero electric field and with negligible contribution from the ferroelectric polarization (also called static background dielectric constant, or just background dielectric constant) can be very low (between 10 and 15), possibly converging towards the value in the optical domain. It is also found that the natural state of an ideal, mono-domain, epitaxial ferroelectric is that of full depletion with constant capacitance at voltages outside the switching domain. The findings are based on experimental results obtained from a new custom method designed to measure the capacitance-voltage characteristic in static conditions, as well from Rayleigh analysis. These results have important implications in future analysis of conduction mechanisms in ferroelectrics and theoretical modeling of ferroelectric-based devices.
Teaching the scientists of tomorrow: Introduce someone to research with a Summer Vacation Studentship
Authors: Baker Hannah 
Published: October 2019

The next application deadline for Summer Vacation Studentships is 28 February 2007. Forms, rules and guidelines can be found at http://www.biochemistry.org/education/vacation.htm
The Learning Curve feature in the August 2006 issue of The Biochemist provided a snapshot of the Society's Summer Vacation Studentship Awards and the expectations of the ten students about to embark upon 8-week research projects at institutions across the globe. In this followup article, I catch up with the undergraduates and their supervisors to find out how they each benefited from a summer in the laboratory.
Taenia soliumandTaenia crassiceps: miRNomes of the larvae and effects of miR-10-5p and let-7-5p on murine peritoneal macrophages
Authors: Landa Abraham , Navarro Luz , Ochoa-Sánchez Alicia , Jiménez Lucía 
Published: October 2019

AbstractNeurocysticercosis (NCC), a major cause of neurological morbidity worldwide, is caused by the larvae of Taenia solium. Cestodes secrete molecules that block the Th1 response of their hosts and induce a Th2 response permissive to their establishment. Mature microRNAs (miRs) are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression and participate in immunological processes. To determine the participation of Taenia miRs in the immune response against cysticercosis, we constructed small RNA (sRNA) libraries from larvae of Taenia solium and Taenia crassiceps. A total of 12074504 and 11779456 sequencing reads for T. solium and T. crassiceps, respectively, were mapped to the genomes of T. solium and other helminths. Both larvae shared similar miRNome, and miR-10-5p was the most abundant in both species, followed by let-7-5p in T. solium and miR-4989-3p in T. crassiceps, whereas among the genus-specific miRs, miR-001-3p was the most abundant in both, followed by miR-002-3p in T. solium and miR-003a-3p in T. crassiceps. The sequences of these miRs were identical in both. Structure and target prediction analyses revealed that these pre-miRs formed a hairpin and had more than one target involved in immunoregulation. Culture of macrophages, RT-PCR and ELISA assays showed that cells internalized miR-10-5p and let-7-5p into the cytoplasm and the miRs strongly decreased interleukin 16 (Il6) expression, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and IL-12 secretion, and moderately decreased nitric oxide synthase inducible (Nos2) and Il1b expression (pro-inflammatory cytokines) in M(IFN-γ) macrophages and expression of Tgf1b, and the secretion of IL-10 (anti-inflammatory cytokines) in M(IL-4) macrophages. These findings could help us understand the role of miRs in the host–Taenia relationship.
A promising growth promoting Meyerozyma caribbica from Solanum xanthocarpum alleviated stress in maize plants
Authors: Jan Farzana Gul , Hamayun Muhammad , Hussain Anwar , Iqbal Amjad , Jan Gul , Khan Sumera Afzal , Khan Hamayoon , Lee In-Jung 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Fungal endophytes are known to secrete a large array of secondary metabolites (phenols, flavonoids, indole acetic acid (IAA) etc.) that facilitate crops under stress conditions. Considering this, a potent plant growth promoting endophyte (SXSp1) from the spines and leaves of Solanum xanthocarpum L. has been isolated. The isolated strain ably secreted high quantities of indole-3-acetic acid, phenols and flavonoids. Also, it exhibited phosphate solubilization, siderophore and had 2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity. The SXSp1 also resisted the salinity stress up to 150 mM. LC/MS analysis of SXSp1 culture filtrate (CF) revealed the presence of p-hydroxyl benzoic acid, diadzein, genistien, myricetin and caffeoyl-d-glucose. Moreover, the inoculation of maize plants with SXSp1 significantly (P=0.05) promoted the chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, root and shoot lengths, plant fresh and dry weights, catalase and peroxidase activities, proline, phenolics, flavonoids and relative water contents (RWCs) under salinity. More interestingly, SXSp1-associated plants showed lower endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) and higher endogenous IAA contents that helped the plants to resist salinity stress up to 100 mM. After sequencing, internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions (ITS1 and ITS4) and phylogenetic analysis, the SXSp1 was identified as Meyerozyma caribbica.
The roles of long noncoding RNAs in myocardial pathophysiology
Authors: Chen Cheng , Tang Yuting , Sun Hui , Lin Xiaofang , Jiang Bimei 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), more than 200 nt in length, are functional molecules found in various species. These lncRNAs play a vital role in cell proliferation, differentiation, and degeneration and are also involved in pathophysiological processes of cancer and neurodegenerative, autoimmune, and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). In recent years, emerging challenges for intervention studies on ischemic heart diseases have received much attention. LncRNAs have a key function in the alleviation of myocardial infarction (MI) injury and myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury. During cardiac hypertrophy (CH) and fibrosis, cardiac cells undergo structural changes and become dysfunctional due to the effects of neurohormonal factors. LncRNAs may serve as important therapeutic targets that promote cardiac remodeling and then retard the development of heart failure (HF). In addition, studies on the roles and mechanisms of action of lncRNAs participating in cardiac pathophysiology via other factors have become the focus of research worldwide. Here, we review the current knowledge on various lncRNAs and their functions in cardiac biology, particularly concentrating on ischemic heart disease, CH, and cardiac fibrosis. We next discuss the predictive value of lncRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers of CVDs.
The association of mean telomere length with all-cause, cerebrovascular and cardiovascular mortality
Authors: Huang Yu-qing , Lo Kenneth , Feng Ying-qing , Zhang Bin 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Mean telomere length (MLT) is a marker of cell aging and may associate with age-related diseases. However, the relationship between MLT and mortality risk remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the relationship between MLT and all-cause, cerebrovascular and cardiovascular mortality among adults in United States. We analyzed data were from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 1999–2002) with follow-up data through 31 December 2015. Based on MLT, participants were categorized into low, middle and high groups. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression, subgroup analysis and generalized additive model (GAM) were performed by using hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A total of 7827 participants were included in analysis (48.18% male). After 158.26 months of follow-up on average, there were 1876 (23.97%), 87 (1.11%) and 243 (3.10%) onset of all-cause, cerebrovascular and cardiovascular mortality. After adjustment for potential confounders, using the low group as the reference, HRs for all-cause (0.87 and 0.86), cerebrovascular (0.75 and 0.75) and cardiovascular mortality (1.01 and 0.69) for the middle to high groups were not statistically significant (all P&gt;0.05 for trend). MLT was non-linearly related to all-cause mortality but not to cerebrovascular and cardiovascular mortality. It was the first study to demonstrate the non-linear relationship between MLT and all-cause mortality.
Einfache autologe Shuntrevision 2
Authors: Krönung Gerhard 
Published: October 2019

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGKomplexe Störungen der Shunthämodynamik können oft mit einfachen autologen Techniken korrigiert werden. Entscheidend ist eine differenzierte präoperative morphologisch-funktionelle Diagnostik und eine OP-Strategie mit geplanten Eskalationsmöglichkeiten.
Der soziale Konzern: Modell für eine qualitativ hochwertige Versorgung im Gesundheitswesen
Authors: Dirksen Ralf-Gero C. 
Published: October 2019

Zusammenfassung
Zielsetzung Der Aufsatz will aufzeigen, wie die aktuellen Rahmenbedingungen und Entwicklungen der qualitätsorientierten Steuerung im deutschen Gesundheitswesen zur integrierten Gesundheitsversorgung durch große Unternehmensverbünde führen.
Methodik Selektive Literaturrecherche und darauf aufbauende deskriptive Modellbildung.
Ergebnisse Die staatliche Krankenhausplanung der Länder verliert trotz der ihr zur Verfügung gestellten planungsrelevanten Qualitätsindikatoren an Einfluss zugunsten intermediärer Steuerungsinstanzen wie dem G-BA, der den Markt zunehmend reguliert. Es wird zu einem weiteren Strukturwandel der Leistungserbringer-Landschaft durch qualitätsorientierte Versorgungsgestaltung (Zentrumsbildung durch Mindestfallzahlen) kommen.
Schlussfolgerung Die Reduzierung der Versorgungskapazitäten dürfte die staatliche Sicherstellungsproblematik zusätzlich verschärfen. Unternehmensverbünde könnten diese Entwicklung abfedern und zu einer wirtschaftlichen sowie qualitativ hochwertigen Versorgung führen.
Pistacia Genus as a Potential Source of Neuroprotective Natural Products
Authors: Moeini Reihaneh , Memariani Zahra , Asadi Farideh , Bozorgi Mahbubeh , Gorji Narjes 
Published: October 2019

AbstractNeuroprotective agents are able to defend the central nervous system against acute or chronic neuronal injuries. Even with the progress made over the last decades, most of the medications prescribed for the management of neurodegenerative diseases can only reduce their symptoms and slow down their progression. Based on natural product research, there are potential effective medicinal plants and phytochemicals for modulating neuronal functions and protecting against neurodegeneration. Plants in the genus Pistacia are also among valuable natural resources for neuroprotection research based on experiences in traditional medicine. Studies have supported the value of bioactive compounds of the genus Pistacia for central nervous system disorders such as Alzheimerʼs, Parkinsonʼs, multiple sclerosis, cerebral ischemia, depression, and anxiety. Related literature has also revealed that most of the evidence on neuroprotection in the genus Pistacia is in the form of preliminary studies, mainly including models of behavior, motor function, and memory impairments in animals, neural toxicity, cerebral ischemia and seizure models, evaluation of their effects on antioxidant and inflammatory biomarkers, amyloid β aggregation, and acetylcholinesterase as well as investigations into some cellular pathways. Along with the phytonutrients in kernels such as pistachios, various phytochemicals, mostly terpenes, and phenolic compounds have also been identified in different plant parts, in particular their oleoresins, of species in the genus Pistacia. In this review, the pharmacology of neurological effects and related molecular mechanisms of the plants belonging to the genus Pistacia and its active constituents, as well as pharmacokinetics aspects, are discussed.