bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crónica de un indulto humanitario (con gracia presidencial) anunciado = Chronicle of a humanitarian pardon (with a right of grace) foretold
Authors: Rodríguez Gómez Edgardo 
Published: October 2018

Resumen: El artículo analiza el proceso político y administrativo que condujo a la decisión del expresidente de la República del Perú, Pedro Pablo Kuczynski, de otorgar un indulto humanitario y una gracia presidencial a favor de Alberto Fujimori Fujimori, condenado por graves violaciones de derechos humanos cometidas al encabezar el Poder Ejecutivo peruano en los años noventa del siglo pasado. Se revelan los argumentos jurídicos y políticos planteados por exfuncionarios del Ministerio de Justicia y Derechos Humanos de ese país, que advirtieron a los altos cargos de esa entidad las consecuencias de adoptar esas medidas, consagrando así la impunidad.Palabras clave: Derechos Humanos, Perú, impunidad, indulto humanitario, gracia presidencial.Abstract: This article reviews the political and administrative process that ended with the humanitarian pardon and the right of grace signed by the former President of Peru, Pedro Pablo Kuczynski. His decision favoured Alberto Fujimori Fujimori, who was sentenced for grave human rights violations committed during his mandate as the head of the Peruvian government in 1990’s. Some legal and political arguments, held by high legal officers of the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights warning the top authorities about impunity guaranteed by this decision, are revealed.Keywords: Human Rights, Peru, impunity, humanitarian pardon, right of grace.
Seguridad Internacional = International Security
Authors: Gil Thomas 
Published: October 2018

Resumen: La seguridad internacional es algo más que la ausencia de inseguridad e inestabilidad en las relaciones entre agentes sociales tanto nacionales como internacionales. Como “bien relacional” presupone una serie de condiciones para poder darse.Palabras clave: Seguridad, concepciones de la seguridad, seguridad nacional, seguridad militar, seguridad económica, desarrollo humano.Abstract: Originally, international security was conceived in a restrictive sense as national, state, or military security. Different circumstances, events, and the theorizing about them, however, have led to broaden and to deepen the conception of it.Keywords: Security, security conception, national security, militar security, economic security, human development.
IMPLEMENTASI FUZZY SUGENO UNTUK MENENTUKAN KESESUAIAN TANAMAN KELAPA SAWIT PADA LAHAN GAMBUT
Authors: Farmadi Andi , Ridwan Ichsan , Kartini Dwi 
Published: September 2018

<p><em>Determination of land suitability for a plant is needed to provide faster decision results , especially in determining the suitability of oil palm plants on peatlands , this determination is very important because most of the land in Kalimantan is an area with peat soil . Palm oil suitability variables were determined by 8 variables , namely soil depth , soil CEC , wet saturation , Ph H2O , C-Organic , N-Total , P2O5 and K2O , which were made in a fuzzy set system , field data onto the form of data taken in regional areas peat soil , then calculated using the fuzzy inference Sugeno method . The output of the calculation using fuzzy Sugeno gives exactly the same results as the decision given by the expert on the field data .</em></p><p><em><strong>Keywords</strong></em><em>: </em><em>fuzzy, Sugeno, land suitability</em><em>.</em> </p><p><em>Penentuan kesesuaian lahan terhadap suatu tanaman sangat dibutuhkan untuk memberikan hasil keputusan yang lebih cepat khususnya pada penentuan kesesuaian tanaman kelapa sawit pada lahan gambut, penentuan ini menjadi sangat penting karena sebagian besar lahan didaerah kalimantan adalah wilayah dengan tanah bergambut. Variabel kesesuaian tanaman kelapa sawit ditentukan dengan 8 variabel yaitu kedalaman tanah, KTK tanah, Kejenuhan basah, Ph H2O, C-Organik, N-Total, P2O5 dan K2O, yang dibuat dalam sistem himpunan fuzzy, data lapangan berupa data yang diambil pada wilayah daerah tanah bergambut, kemudian diihitung menggunakan fuzzy inferensi metode Sugeno. Hasil output perhitungan menggunakan fuzzy segeno memberikan hasil yang persis sama dengan keputusan yang diberikan oleh pakar terhadap data lapangan.</em></p><p><em><strong>Kata kunci</strong></em><em>: fuzzy, Sugeno, kesesuaian lahan.</em></p>
DESIGN, In silico Modeling, Toxicity study and Synthesis of Novel Substituted Semicarbazide Derivatives of Pyrimidine: An Antitubercular Agent
Authors: Mandhadi Jithendar R. , Panneerselvam Theivendren , Parasuraman Pavadai 
Published: October 2018

Background:
A series of 1-(2-(2-amino-5-carbamoyl-6-(1-(substitutedphenyl) prop-1-enyl)
pyrimidin-4-yloxy)acetyl) semicarbazide (4a-i) derivatives was synthesized from substituted aromatic
aldehydes, ethyl cyanoacetate and guanidine hydrochloride and characterized by analytical and spectral
data, FTIR, 1H-NMR and Mass spectroscopy data.

Methods:
The antiTB action of the synthesized compounds was screened in comparison with the standard
drug Rifampicin using MABA assay method. The SAR of substituted aromatic aldehydes with
modification at ortho, meta and para positions with electron withdrawing group.

Results:
The compounds 1-(2-(2-amino-5- carbamoyl-6-(1-(2-fluorophenyl) prop-1-enyl) pyrimidin-4-
yloxy) acetyl) semicarbazide and 1-(2-(2-amino- 5-carbamoyl-6-(1-(3-chlorophenyl) prop-1-enyl)
pyrimidin-4-yloxy) acetyl) semicarbazide showed equal MIC values against Mycobacterium tuberculosis
H37Ra with the value of 3.90μg/ml.

Conclusion:
The SAR study revealed that the antiTB activity of the synthesized compounds were affected
by lipophilicity of the substituent.
Propiedades antimicrobianas y citotóxicas de un adhesivo de uso ortodóncico adicionado con nanopartículas de plata
Authors: Argueta Figueroa Liliana , Arenas-Arrocena Ma. Concepción , Díaz–Herrera Ana Paulina , García-Benítez Susana Vanessa , García-Contreras René 
Published: September 2018

<p class="p1">El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto antibacteriano y la citotoxicidad de un adhesivo de uso ortodóncico con nanopartículas de plata (Ag np’s). Se determinó la actividad antimicrobiana mediante una prueba de difusión en disco para <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, <em>Escherichia coli</em>, y <em>Enterococcus faecalis </em>a diferentes concentraciones de nanopartículas de plata en un adhesivo ortodóncico. También se evaluó la citotoxicidad de dicho adhesivo al ser incorporadas<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Ag np’s, mediante el método de mtt. Los resultados mostraron que las bacterias en estudio, <em>S. aureus</em>, <em>E. coli </em>y <em>E. faecalis </em>fueron susceptibles tanto a las Ag np’s como al adhesivo mip ortodóncico adicionado con Ag np’s a concentraciones de 10, 5 y 3 v/v%.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p><p class="p2">El efecto antibacteriano de las nanopartículas de plata es dosis dependiente. La citotoxicidad del adhesivo mip ortodóncico en sí mismo exhibe una citotoxidad ligera a moderada, así como al incorporarle las Ag np’s a las concentraciones antes mencionadas. Las nanopartículas incorporadas en el adhesivo de uso ortodóncico muestran efecto antibacterial así como mantienen una citotoxicidad ligera.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
GENERAL SCALARIZATION METHOD OF DYNAMIC ELASTIC FIELDS IN TRANSVERSALLY ISOTROPIC MEDIA AND ITS NEW APPLICATIONS
Authors: Miroshnichenko I. P. , Sizov V. P. 
Published: October 2018

Introduction. An efficient technique of tensor field scalarization is successfully used while investigating tensor elastic fields of displacements, stresses and deformations in the layered structures of different materials, including transversally isotropic composites. These fields can be expressed through the scalar potentials corresponding to the quasi-longitudinal, quasi-transverse, and transverse-only waves. Such scalarization is possible if the objects under consideration are tensors relating to the subgroup of general coordinate conversions, when the local affine basis has one invariant vector that coincides with the material symmetry axis of the material. At this, the known papers consider structures where this vector coincides with the normal to the boundary between layers. However, other cases of the mutual arrangement of the material symmetry axis of the material and the boundaries between layers are of interest on the practical side.Materials and Methods. The work objective is further development of the scalarization method application in the boundary value problems of the dynamic elasticity theory for the cases of an arbitrary arrangement of the material symmetry axis relative to the boundary between layers. The present research and methodological apparatus are developed through the general technique of scalarization of the dynamic elastic fields of displacements, stresses and strains in the transversally isotropic media.Research Results. New design ratios for the determination of the displacement fields, stresses and deformations in the transversally isotropic media are obtained for the cases of an arbitrary arrangement of the material symmetry axes of the layer materials with respect to the boundaries between layers. Discussion and Conclusions. The present research and methodological apparatus are successfully used in determining the stress-strain state in the layered structures of transversally isotropic materials, and in analyzing the diagnosis results of the state of the plane-layered and layered cylindrical structures under operation.
EFFECT OF SAWDUST VOLUME ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL
Authors: Dyachenko A. G. , Savostina T. P. , Saed B. I. 
Published: October 2018

Introduction. Generation of composite materials with addition of sawdust is considered. The wood component of the composites is treated with water to enhance the surface roughness. This increases the contact area resulting in intensifying the sawdust – polymer fibers interaction. The work objective is to study the possibility of strengthening composites obtained from sawdust.Materials and Methods. Samples are made of composite materials based on the unsaturated polyester resins, reinforced with wood chips. Water treatment was carried out at room temperature for 2, 4, 6 and 8 days. Then the samples were tested for bending and compression.Research Results. As a result of testing the samples, changes in their mechanical properties were recorded. It is determined how the bending and compression resistance depends on the water treatment time. Graphs that reflect these dependences are constructed.Discussion and Conclusions. After water treatment, the composites reinforced with sawdust show a higher resistance to bending. This is due to the increased roughness of the sawdust surface and, as a consequence, to the extension of the surface area adhesion with the composite base. Besides, the water treatment enhances the specimen resistance under compression. The samples created on the basis of large sawdust come into particular prominence. This is due to the formation of holes on the sawdust surface which also enhances the adhesion between them and the composite polymer base.
SELECTING SAFETY PACKAGE COMPONENTS OF ENTERPRISE INFORMATION SYSTEM FOLLOWING REQUIREMENTS OF STANDARD LEGAL DOCUMENTS
Authors: Vitenburg E. A. , Levtsova A. A. 
Published: October 2018

Introduction. Production processes quality depends largely on the management infrastructure, in particular, on the information system (IS) effectiveness. Company management pays increasingly greater attention to the safety protection of this sphere. Financial, material and other resources are regularly channeled to its support. In the presented paper, some issues on the development of a safety enterprise information system are considered.Materials and Methods. Protection of the enterprise IS considers some specific aspects of the object, and immediate threats to IT security. Within the framework of this study, it is accepted that IS are a complex of data resources. A special analysis is resulted in determining categories of threats to the enterprise information security: hacking; leakage; distortion; loss; blocking; abuse. The connection of these threats, IS components and elements of the protection system is identified. The requirements of normative legal acts of the Russian Federation and international standards regulating this sphere are considered. It is shown how the analysis results enable to validate the selection of the elements of the IS protection system.Research Results. A comparative analysis of the regulatory literature pertinent to this issue highlights the following. Different documents offer a different set of elements (subsystems) of the enterprise IS protection system. To develop an IS protection program, you should be guided by the FSTEC Order No. 239 and 800-82 Revision 2 Guide to ICS Security.Discussion and Conclusions. The presented research results are the basis for the formation of the software package of intellectual support for decision-making under designing an enterprise information security system. In particular, it is possible to develop flexible systems that allow expanding the composition of the components (subsystems).
Comparison of Sunn Pest Damage and Genotypic Differences in Bread Wheat Varieties by SDS-Page Analysis
Authors: Ismet Baser , S. Akyürek 
Published: October 2018

The research was carried out in five different locations in 2010 and 2011 years under in the ecological conditions of Hayrabolu, Malkara, Suleymanpasa, sarköy and Saray district. Twenty-three bread wheat varieties were used as material in the study. the study carried out in the same area was made up of 2 different growing conditions, namely field conditions and a covered area covered with sunlight. The sunn pest damage rates in wheat varieties grown in the open area were ranged from of 6.0. to 0.10 %. The sunn pest damage rates in bread wheat varieties grown in closing area was changed between 10.37 to 23.17% with a significant increase. the average of the highest sunn pest damage in two years was observed the numbered 15, 10, 1, 11 and 16 cultivars, while the lowest values was obtained form 4, 13, 8 and 3 varieties According to the SDS-PAGE analysis in order to determine the genotypic differences of bread wheat varieties, protein band number in bread wheat varieties was ranged from 17 to 21, the density and molecular weight of protein bands were significant differences among the varieties. Protein bands are distributed predominantly in the omega region while in the gamma and beta regions a small number of bands were observed. There are no bands in bread wheat varieties in the alpha region.
Synthesis, structure and magnetic characterization of orthoferrite LaFeO3 nanoparticles
Authors: Abbas Yehia Mohammed , Ali Shehab Esmail Mohammed , Mansour Ahmed Bakry , Abdel-Hamid Ahmed Hassan Ibrahim 
Published: October 2018

Single-phase lanthanum orthoferrite (LaFeO3) was prepared by an auto-combustion method. The analysis of synchrotron room temperature X-ray diffraction (XRD) data confirmed the orthorhombic LaFeO3 perovskite of space group Pnma without any impurity phase. The Scherrer's formula and Williamson-Hall plot based on XRD data were employed to estimate the crystallite size of the prepared sample. For a deeper insight into the crystal structure, high-resolution transmission microscopy imaging (HRTEM) was performed. The estimated values of crystallite size from HRTEM and synchrotron XRD data were coincident. The HRTEM images confirmed the polycrystalline nature of the prepared sample through the obvious lattice planes which are related to (121) plane. Furthermore, the M(H) hysteresis loop of the investigated sample was characterized by a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The magnetic properties obtained through analyzing the magnetization versus temperature M(T) and magnetization versus magnetic field M(H) curves indicated that LaFeO3 possessed weak ferromagnetism at room temperature.
The Mularz Paradox—Relativistic discrepancies in the resistivity of cylindrical electrical conductors travelling at near light-speed—a thought experiment.
Authors: Mularz Stephen 
Published: October 2018

Most of us are familiar with Einstein’s now-famous relativistic thought experiments—his stationary-versus-moving ‘light clock’ and the interstellar twin astronauts aging at different rates especially stand out.[1] In this simple thought experiment the author wishes to propose a heretofore unrecognized set of relativity paradoxes involving the predicted electrical resistivity of long cylindrical conductors when moving at or near light-speed.
Clinical trial of adjunctive autologous platelet-rich plasma treatment following diamond-burr debridement for spontaneous chronic corneal epithelial defects in dogs
Authors: Edelmann Michele L. , Mohammed Hussni O. , Wakshlag Joseph J. , Ledbetter Eric C. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of adjunctive treatment with autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on corneal reepithelialization, vascularization, and fibrosis in dogs with spontaneous chronic corneal epithelial defects (SCCEDs).
DESIGN Randomized, controlled, double-masked clinical trial.
ANIMALS 40 client-owned dogs with uncomplicated SCCEDs.
PROCEDURES All dogs were treated with diamond-burr epithelial debridement (DBD) of affected eyes, topical tobramycin solution and atropine sulfate ointment application, and Elizabethan collar placement for 4 weeks. Dogs were randomly assigned to topical ocular administration of autologous PRP (n = 20) or artificial tear solution (control group; 20) 4 times daily for 28 days. Recheck examinations were performed approximately 2 and 4 weeks after treatment began to evaluate SCCEDs for corneal reepithelialization, and semiquantitative corneal vascularization and corneal fibrosis scores were assigned according to affected corneal surface area. Results were compared between groups.
RESULTS All dogs completed the study. The SCCEDs had completely reepithelialized in 11 (55%) control dogs and 12 (60%) PRP-treated dogs by the 2-week reevaluation, and in 15 (75%) control dogs and 18 (90%) PRP-treated dogs by the 4-week reevaluation. No significant differences were identified between groups in these proportions nor in mean differences from pretreatment scores for corneal vascularization and fibrosis.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE In this preliminary study involving dogs with uncomplicated SCCEDs, topical PRP administered as an adjunctive treatment following DBD had no significant effect on healing. A larger study is warranted to support or refute these findings and to determine the effects of adjunctive PRP treatment for dogs with complicated SCCEDs.
Transient depression of pelvic limb reflexes in dogs with acute focal thoracolumbar myelopathy
Authors: Hodshon Amy W. , Thomas William B. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of depressed pelvic limb reflexes and changes in those reflexes over time in dogs with acute thoracolumbar myelopathy.
DESIGN Prospective study.
ANIMALS 34 dogs.
PROCEDURES Dogs with acute pelvic limb paralysis caused by acute noncompressive nucleus pulposus extrusion (ANNPE), fibrocartilaginous embolism (FCE), or compressive intervertebral disk herniation (IVDH) within the T3-L3 spinal cord segments were enrolled in the study. Dogs with depressed or absent pelvic limb withdrawal reflexes as determined by 2 examiners were classified as affected and underwent additional testing to rule out multifocal lesions. Pelvic limb reflexes of affected dogs were reassessed every 12 hours until they returned to normal. Neurologic examinations were performed at 4 and 8 weeks after initial examination for some dogs.
RESULTS Compressive IVDH, ANNPE, and FCE were diagnosed in 30, 1, and 3 dogs, respectively. Nine (5 with compressive IVDH and all 4 with FCE or ANNPE) of 34 (26%) dogs were classified as affected. Patellar reflexes were depressed in 2 of 9 affected dogs. The median time required for withdrawal reflexes to return to normal was 60 hours (range, 12 to 156 hours). Onset duration of paralysis was negatively associated with the odds of a dog being classified as affected.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that dogs with focal thoracolumbar spinal cord lesions, especially those with peracute onset of paralysis, can develop transient depression of pelvic limb reflexes. Awareness of this phenomenon is important for veterinarians to accurately localize lesions and develop appropriate diagnostic plans and prognoses.
Diagnostic value of vertebral left atrial size as determined from thoracic radiographs for assessment of left atrial size in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease
Authors: Malcolm Elizabeth L. , Visser Lance C. , Phillips Kathryn L. , Johnson Lynelle R. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe vertebral left atrial size (VLAS), a quantitative method to estimate left atrial (LA) size radiographically, and to determine its diagnostic value for prediction of echocardiographic LA enlargement in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) of varying severity.
DESIGN Prospective observational study.
ANIMALS 103 client-owned dogs with a left-sided systolic murmur.
PROCEDURES For each dog, 3-view thoracic radiographs were obtained within 24 hours of an echocardiographic examination. The VLAS was measured on right and left lateral thoracic radiographs and compared with the left atrium-to-aortic root ratio acquired from short-axis (LA:AoSx) and long-axis (LA:AoLx) echocardiographic images. Left atrial enlargement was defined as an LA:AoLx ≥ 2.6 or LA:AoSx ≥ 1.6. Dogs were allocated to 4 groups on the basis of MMVD severity.
RESULTS Of the 103 dogs, 15, 40, 26, and 22 were assigned to the control (no echocardiographic abnormalities), stage B1 (hemodynamically irrelevant MMVD), B2 (hemodynamically relevant MMVD), and C-D (MMVD with congestive heart failure) groups, respectively. Median VLAS, LA:AoSx, and LA:AoLx for the stage B2 and C-D groups were significantly greater than the corresponding medians for the control and stage B1 groups. There was a moderate positive correlation between VLAS and both LA:AoSx and LA:AoLx. Receiver operating characteristic analyses revealed that a VLAS ≥ 2.3 vertebrae was a useful predictor of LA enlargement. Intraobserver and interobserver agreements for VLAS measurements were high.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated VLAS was a repeatable and useful radiographic measurement for prediction of LA enlargement in dogs with MMVD.