bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Regional Analysis of Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Initiatives in Plastic Surgery Residency Programs
Authors: Choi Dylan G. , Luu Kevin , Brite Gabrielle , Plonkowski Alexander T. , Daubs Mariam Al-Hamad , Krajewski Aleksandra 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Residents seek inclusive training environments that prioritize diversity. To evaluate programs that focus on these elements, websites have become essential for applicants but often lack in diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) content. Thus, this study aimed to assess current efforts and attention to DEI within plastic surgery residency programs and compare them by region.

Methods:
A retrospective review of Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education plastic surgery residency program websites was conducted. Various elements of DEI were identified on each program's page and were compared based on geographic region.

Results:
Upon review, 82 residency programs were identified. Of these programs, 40 (48.7%) mentioned at least 1 element of DEI on their website, 38 (46.3%) promoted gender affirmation surgery as a part of their program, 29 (35.4%) mentioned advocacy, and 39 (47.6%) showcased at least 1 publication/presentation about DEI. Between the regions, there was no statistically significant difference in mention of DEI or perceptible representation in leadership. However, there was a significant difference in the mention of gender affirmation surgery, with the Northeast having the most mention (74.1%, P = 0.006). In addition, there was a significant difference in DEI research featured on websites, with the West having the highest rate of features (69.2%, P = 0.019).

Conclusions:
This study demonstrates the variance of different aspects of DEI on plastic surgery websites. To foster diverse prospective applicants, plastic surgery residency programs must be aware of these paucities and address them accordingly.
Design of a Low-cost Radiation Weather Station
Authors: Kim Ryan A. , Kent Andrew J.E. , Noey Jordan D. , Kearfott Kimberlee J. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Combining a traditional weather station with radiation monitors draws the public’s attention to the magnitude of background radiation and its typical variation while providing early indications of unplanned radiological releases, such as nuclear power plant accidents or terrorist acts. Several networks of combined weather and radiation monitoring sensors exist, but these fail to be affordable for broad distribution. This work involves creating an affordable system to accumulate data from multiple locations into a single open-source database. The data collected should thus serve as a friendly database for high school students. The system is designed around an inexpensive sensor package featuring a cup anemometer, wind direction vane, and tip bucket rain gauge. A Raspberry Pi 4 microcomputer interfaces through RJ11 and RJ45 connectors to these and other sensors. Custom-designed circuits were implemented on printed circuit boards supporting sensor chips for temperature, pressure, humidity, and air electrical resistance. The outdoor board communicates with ultraviolet light, soil moisture, and temperature sensors, relaying data using wired connections indoors where a Raspberry Pi 4 and indoor circuit board are located. The indoor board employs wireless internet protocol to communicate with a homemade Geiger-Mueller counter and a consumer-grade temporal radon monitor. The system employs an internet connection to transfer data to a cloud-based storage system. This enables a website with continuously updated pages dedicated to each established system to display collected data. Weatherproofed fused filament fabricated indoor and outdoor cases were designed. Sensor functions were tested for functionality and accuracy.
Surgical Trends in Chronic Pancreatitis from 2014 Through 2021
Authors: Turunen Andrew , Garg Sushil Kumar 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
We analyzed annual surgical trends for benign chronic pancreatitis (CP), studying specifically mortality, morbidity, and pancreatic fistula rates. We also aimed to identify predictors of pancreatic fistula formation.

Methods
For this analysis, we used data from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program from 2014 through 2021. The study included patients who underwent surgery for benign CP. Data collected included patient demographics, preoperative variables, and postoperative outcomes. Data were analyzed with univariate and multivariate analyses, with significance defined as P ≤ .05.

Results
Over the study period, the number of pancreatic surgical procedures increased 49.3%, although surgery specifically for CP declined by 31.7%. The rate of pancreatic fistula formation decreased 44.9%, and mortality decreased 31.9%. Significant predictors of a pancreatic fistula included no diabetes, preoperative sepsis, soft texture of the pancreatic gland, and greater patient weight.

Conclusion
Surgery for benign CP decreased substantially despite the established efficacy of surgical intervention for long-term pain management. The concurrent decline in mortality and rates of pancreatic fistula formation suggest advances over the study years in surgical and postoperative care.
Short-Term Frequently Relapsing Ischemic Strokes Followed by Rapidly Progressive Dementia in CADASIL
Authors: Geng Yumei , Cai Chang , Li Huimin , Zhou Qing , Wang Mengying , Kang Huicong 
Published: November 2024

Introduction:
Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is the most common hereditary cerebral small vessel disease with slow natural progression. Ischemic stroke and cognitive impairment are its most common clinical symptoms. Here, we report a rare 50-year-old woman who had rapid disease progression with c.457C>T, p.Argl53Cys heterozygous mutation in exon 4 of NOTCH3 and discuss the possible reasons. Furthermore, we summarized the clinical and neuroimaging characteristics of 14 CADASIL patients with Arg153Cys mutation in exon 4.

Case Report:
The proband suffered acute ischemic stroke 5 times in 5 months, followed by rapidly progressive dementia (RPD) and inability to live independently, though she didn’t have vascular risk factors and had been under standardized secondary prevention therapy since the first stroke. Magnetic resonance imaging showed extensive white matter hyperintensities, numerous ischemic infarcts and microbleeds, and severe brain atrophy. Her elder brother and other patients with Arg153Cys mutation in exon 4 all did not progress so quickly. Her multiple strokes may be associated with the poor self-regulation of vessels, which may promote the occurrence of RPD. Antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs were difficult to prevent ischemic strokes. Severe imaging findings may indicate rapid progression of CADASIL. In addition, we found that headache was a very frequent symptom in CADASIL patients with Arg153Cys mutation in exon 4, accounting for 76.9%.

Conclusions:
CADASIL can also appear to have rapid progression, as illustrated by our proband, which is worthy of clinicians’ attention and intervention timely. Headache may present in a relatively higher proportion of CADASIL patients with Arg153Cys mutation in exon 4.
Allopurinol Adherence in US Patients With Gout
Authors: Riggs Kevin R. , Richman Joshua S. , Cherrington Andrea L. , Singh Jasvinder A. 
Published: November 2024

Background/Objective
Gout is the most common inflammatory arthritis, and its morbidity can be substantially reduced through urate-lowering therapy. However, adherence to allopurinol—the most common urate-lowering therapy—is notoriously poor. Prior studies have not fully elucidated factors associated with allopurinol adherence, particularly psychosocial factors.

Methods
We used 2018–2021 data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, a national longitudinal survey on health care expenditures and utilization. We calculated the medication possession ratio (MPR) for allopurinol for participants with gout and categorized each as follows: no allopurinol fills, low adherence (MPR ≤0.8), or high adherence (MPR >0.8) to allopurinol. We used multivariable logistic regression to identify factors associated with high adherence, using person-year as the unit of measure and accounting for clustering for participants who contributed more than 1 person-year.

Results
The analyses included 919 respondents (1453 person-years), representing a weighted total of 15,084,439 person-years. Across all years, 27.4% had no allopurinol fills, 37.4% had low adherence, and 35.2% had high adherence. In multivariable models for high adherence, Black race (odds ratio, 0.49; 95% confidence interval, 0.33–0.73, compared with White) and residence in the South US region (odds ratio, 0.54; 95% confidence interval, 0.35–0.82, compared with Northeast) were negatively associated with high adherence.

Conclusions
Black race and residing in the Southern US were associated with lower allopurinol adherence among gout patients. Interventions to improve adherence, particularly among Black patients in the South, are needed to maximize the potential benefits of allopurinol.
Use of a digital adherence technology for tuberculosis treatment supervision among adolescents
Authors: Schraufnagel Ann M , Crowder Rebecca , Wambi Peter , Nakasendwa Suzan , Kityamuwesi Alex , Jaganath Devan , Musoke Muhammad , Nannozi Joyce , Waswa Joseph , Sanyu Agnes Nakate , Lamunu Maureen , Twinamasiko Amon , Kunihira Tinka Lynn , Oyuku Denis , Babirye Diana , Berger Christopher , Thompson Ryan , Turyahabwe Stavia , Dowdy David , Katamba Achilles , Cattamanchi Adithya , Kiwanuka Noah 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundAdolescents (ages 10-19) affected by tuberculosis (TB) face unique challenges to completing TB treatment, resulting in increased loss to follow-up and mortality as compared to younger children and older adults. Digital adherence technologies (DATs) may be a useful tool for TB treatment monitoring. In this study we aimed to assess whether 99DOTS, a low-cost DAT, could improve treatment outcomes among adolescents with pulmonary TB (PTB).MethodsWe conducted an interrupted time series (ITS) analysis of adolescents initiating treatment for drug susceptible PTB between August 1, 2019 and June 30, 2021 at 30 health facilities in Uganda. ITS analysis was used to model the change in TB treatment outcomes and loss to follow-up in adolescents prior to and after the implementation of a 99DOTS-based intervention. Immediate (level) and trend (slope) changes in outcomes were assessed according to intention-to-treat (ITT) and per protocol (PP) principles.Findings630 adolescents were included in the ITT analysis. In the post-intervention period, 78.4% of adolescents were enrolled on 99DOTS. The proportion successfully completing TB treatment was 92.4% (303/328) in the post-intervention period and 87.4% (264/302) in the pre-intervention period. In the adjusted ITT analysis, the proportion treated successfully increased (level change, PR 1.18 95% CI 1.08-1.28) and the proportion lost to follow-up decreased (level change, PR 0.93, 95% CI 0.88-0.98) in the immediate post-intervention period. Both proportions remained similar throughout the post-intervention period (p-value for slope change >0.05).InterpretationThere was a high uptake of 99DOTS among adolescents with TB, and use of 99DOTS was associated with improved treatment outcomes. DATs should be further explored as a promising adolescent-specific tool for improving treatment outcomes among adolescents with TB.
Comprehensive Transcriptomic Analysis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Uncovering Shared and Unique Molecular Signatures Across Diverse Etiologies
Authors: Khorsand Babak , Naderi Nazanin , Karimian Seyedeh Sara , Mohaghegh Maedeh , Aghaahmadi Alireza , Hadisadegh Seyedeh Negin , Owrang Mina , Houri Hamidreza 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer mortality, often diagnosed at advanced stages where treatment options are limited. This study undertakes a comprehensive meta-analysis of gene expression profiles from 19 independent datasets sourced from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), encompassing a diverse range of HCC etiologies, including HBV and HCV infections, cirrhosis, and normal liver comparisons. Our analysis identified over 9,000 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with 125 genes consistently altered across multiple datasets, underscoring their potential as critical biomarkers for HCC. Notably, we observed significant dysregulation in pathways related to cell cycle regulation, immune response, and metabolic processes. The integration of these DEGs across various HCC subtypes provides novel insights into the molecular heterogeneity of HCC, offering promising avenues for the development of targeted therapies and personalized medicine. This extensive repository of DEGs serves as a valuable resource for the scientific community, facilitating further research into the underlying mechanisms of HCC and the pursuit of improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
RetS senses neurotransmitter norepinephrine and adrenergic agents to regulatePseudomonas aeruginosavirulence
Authors: Zhou Yachung , Ren Anming , Wang Chenchen , Zhou Tian , Deng Jie , Huang Yingfeng , Cui Ruiqin , Huang Wei , Feng Youjun , Zheng Weidong , Liang Haihua , Yang Liang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBacterial cells employ diverse mechanisms to perceive and respond to host-associated molecules, coordinate intracellular signal transduction, and engage in interkingdom communications. In this study, we firstly discovered that the adrenergic antagonist dronedarone (DDR) effectively suppresses quorum sensing (QS) and pathogenesis of the opportunistic pathogenP. aeruginosa.Further analysis revealed that DDR targets RetS, an bacterial surface receptor critical for suppressing the GacS/GacA two-component regulatory system (TCS). Interestingly, the adrenergic agonist norepinephrine (NE) was found to exert opposite effects against RetS, thereby reversing DDR-induced phenotypes inP. aeruginosa. Moreover, we identified the hinge region of RetSDISMED2serves as a binding pocket of NE and DDR, which provides potential mechanisms of the antagonistic effect of NE and DDR. Our study demonstrated that NE promotesP. aeruginosainfections while DDR can serve as an anti-virulence compound againstP. aeruginosainfections. Thus, RetS might serve as a bacterial adrenergic receptor which keeps the NE under constant surveillance.SignificanceSensing and recognition of host-derived molecules, as well as therapeutic drugs, are crucial for the survival of pathogens during infection process. The adrenergic drugs are well known to affect virulence and pathogenesis of the opportunistic pathogenPseudomonas aeruginosa(P. aeruginosa). In this work, we have provided in-depth characterization of a Norepinephrine (NE) receptor inP. aeruginosa, the RetS membrane protein. NE is the-adrenergic agonist known as a stress hormone, exerts its activity through interaction with mammalian adrenergic receptors (AR). It has been shown that increased NE concentration during early sepsis can stimulate the growth of various Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, includingP. aeruginosa. We revealed that both adrenergic agonist NE and another adrenergic antagonist dronedarone (DDR) are able to interfering the RetS-GacS/GacA signaling cascade ofP. aeruginosaand execute opposite impact on the pathogenesis ofP. aeruginosaduring infections.
CHARMER: detecting and harmonizing high-confidence chromatin interactions across tissues and Hi-C protocols
Authors: Cole Simon , Kuksa Pavel P. , Cifello Jeffrey , Valladares Otto , Leung Yuk Yee , Wang Li-San 
Published: November 2024

MotivationChromatin conformation capture experiments (CCC), such as Hi-C and Capture Hi-C (CHiC) work to elucidate the three-dimensional organization of the genome and the underlying epigenetic regulatory structures within. CCC experiments produce large amounts of FASTQ sequencing data with a substantial amount of technical noise and require sophisticated computational pipelines in order to extract meaningful results. Large-scale CCC data repositories like 4D Nucleome and ENCODE mostly provide raw contact information but lack annotated, statistically significant interaction data suitable for downstream genetic and genomic analyses.ResultsHere, we present CHARMER, an end-to-end pipeline integrated across multiple CCC assay types (HiC, CHiC) which generates statistically significant, harmonized, queryable, chromatin interactions in a consistent BED-like format across cell/tissue types and CCC assays.AvailabilityCHARMER is freely available athttps://bitbucket.org/wanglab-upenn/CHARMERand harmonized chromatin interaction data will be available in the upcoming version of the FILER database (https://lisanwanglab.org/FILER).
Quantifying the social loafing led productivity issues in architecture, engineering and construction project teams
Authors: Maqbool Rashid , Shaji Anisha 
Published: November 2024

PurposeArchitecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry is one of the vast industries with a lot of productivity issues within. Teams as an integral part of the industry face many problems, of which social loafing is considered as a barrier. This research deals with a few barriers that contribute to social loafing leading to productivity challenges in the AEC industry. There are three major barriers identified as contributors to social loafing which also induces productivity challenges in the industry, from the literature study: cultural diversity, task invisibility and distributive justice.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopted the quantitative questionnaire survey method approach, for which the respondents were selected globally through snowball sampling and a total of 443 responses were gathered. Different analysis approaches like the correlation coefficient, and structural equation modeling (SEM), were taken to analyze the survey data.FindingsThe SEM results showed that mediation factor, social loafing, is directly related to AEC productivity challenges and acts as a mediation for barriers like cultural diversity and task invisibility. Distributive justice was not found to have a direct relationship with AEC productivity challenges or even through social loafing.Originality/valueThis study could be beneficial for the CEOs, general managers and directors as they can use this study to encourage an employee friendly environment. Also, industry experts like engineers, architects, project managers can access this study to further improve the organizational culture and instill better employee values.
Navigating the financial frontier: a case of investment decision-making in the wake of Reliance Industries Limited’s demerger
Authors: Vaishali  , Gupta Simran , Kumar Rahul 
Published: November 2024

Learning outcomes
This case study aims to equip students with the skills to evaluate the rationale behind a demerger decision, derive the enterprise value and equity value of the conglomerate using the discounted cash flow valuation modelling and assess the company’s value based on qualitative parameters using economy industry company analysis and strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats analysis.

Case overview/synopsis
This case study delves into the demerger of the financial services arm of Reliance Industries Limited into a separate unit named Jio Financial Services Limited. The independence of this unit is anticipated to enhance shareholder value and unlock the conglomerate discount. In light of these factors, a fundamental analysis of the firm is conducted to determine whether it presents a viable investment opportunity.

Complexity academic level
This case study is suitable for -graduate and postgraduate courses in financial management.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS 1: Accounting and finance.
Enabling circularity in Turkish construction: a case of BIM-based material management utilizing material passports
Authors: Topraklı Abdurrahman Yağmur 
Published: November 2024

PurposeThe Turkish construction sector, facing mounting environmental pressures, needs to rapidly adopt circular economy (CE) principles. However, a critical barrier is the lack of accessible and comprehensive material information. This paper investigates how building information modeling (BIM) can facilitate the adoption of material passports (MPs) to overcome this challenge and helps enabling circularity in Turkish construction.Design/methodology/approachA case study approach is adopted, focusing on the New Istanbul Esenler Arena, a major sports facility designed with BIM. An in-depth analysis of the project's BIM model and material data was conducted to develop a practical framework for integrating MPs into BIM workflows. The framework outlines a comprehensive MP data structure, addresses technical integration strategies and highlights the importance of stakeholder collaboration.FindingsThe research demonstrates that integrating MPs with BIM has the potential to significantly enhance material tracking throughout the building lifecycle, leading to more informed decision-making regarding material selection, reuse and recycling. This approach can improve material recovery rates, reduce construction waste and minimize the environmental impact of construction projects. The study also identifies key challenges to MP implementation, such as ensuring data accuracy and interoperability, and proposes strategies to overcome these hurdles.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the limited but growing body of knowledge on the practical implementation of BIM and MPs for circular construction, particularly in the Turkish context. The proposed framework, informed by a real-world case study, provides valuable guidance for construction professionals, policymakers and researchers seeking to accelerate the transition to a circular economy in the built environment.
Influence of patient factors on target plasma volume treated attainment rate during double filtration plasmapheresis in patients with hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis
Authors: Zhang Hui , Zhu Chenqiang , Wu Yunlong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntroductionThis study aims to investigate patient factors affecting the rate of plasma volume target attained in hypertriglyceridemic pancreatitis (HTG‐AP) patients undergoing double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP).MethodsA retrospective analysis of 82 HTG‐AP‐interpreted patients from January 2019 to April 2024 compared target plasma volume treated between up‐to‐scratch and non‐scratch groups. The group comparison used independent samples t‐test, Mann–Whitney U‐test, and chi‐square test. Binary logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors for patients' plasma volume target failure. The ROC curve assessed these risk factors' diagnostic efficacy.ResultsOf 82 patients, 52 were classified as belonging to the up‐to‐scratch group, while the remaining 30 were classified as belonging to the non‐to‐scratch group. Statistically significant differences were seen between the groups regarding admission heart rate, triglyceride, calcitonin gene, C‐reactive protein, D‐dimer, and fibrinogen (FIB) levels (p <0.05). The binary logistic regression analysis showed that for every 1 mmol/L increase in triglycerides (TG), the probability of experiencing substandard target plasma handling increased by 5.0% (OR = 1.05, 95%CI 1.01–1.08, p = 0.009). Furthermore, for each g/L rise in FIB, there was a 74% increase in the likelihood of encountering suboptimal target plasma handling (OR = 1.74, 95%CI 1.18–2.56, p = 0.005). The ROC curve study revealed that the AUC for TG was 0.67, for FIB was 0.77, and for the combination of both markers was 0.80; all the p values were below 0.05.ConclusionThe increased levels of TG and FIB are independent risk factors affecting the target plasma handling achievement rate in HTG‐AP patients undergoing DFPP.