bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resistive and Multi-fluid RMHD on Graphics Processing Units
Authors: Wright A. J. , Hawke I. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
In this work we present a proof of concept of CUDA-capable, resistive, multi-fluid models of relativistic magnetohydrodynamics (RMHD). Resistive and multi-fluid codes for simulating models of RMHD suffer from stiff source terms, so it is common to implement a set of semi-implicit time integrators to maintain numerical stability. We show, for the first time, that finite volume IMEX schemes for resistive and two-fluid models of RMHD can be accelerated by execution on graphics processing units, significantly reducing the demand set by these kinds of problems. We report parallel speed-ups of over 21× using double-precision floating-point accuracy, and highlight the optimization strategies required for these schemes, and how they differ from ideal RMHD models. The impact of these results is discussed in the context of the next-generation simulations of neutron star mergers.
The Milky Way Imaging Scroll Painting (MWISP): Project Details and Initial Results from the Galactic Longitudes of 25.°8–49.°7
Authors: Su Yang , Yang Ji , Zhang Shaobo , Gong Yan , Wang Hongchi , Zhou Xin , Wang Min , Chen Zhiwei , Sun Yan , Chen Xuepeng , Xu Ye , Jiang Zhibo 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The Milky Way Imaging Scroll Painting project is an unbiased Galactic plane CO survey for mapping regions of

to +250° and

5.°2 with the 13.7 m telescope of the Purple Mountain Observatory. The legacy survey aims to observe the

,

, and C18O (J = 1–0) lines simultaneously with full-sampling using the nine-beam Superconducting SpectroScopic Array Receiver system with an instantaneous bandwidth of 1 GHz. In this paper, the completed 250 deg2 data from l = +25.°8 to +49.°7 are presented with a grid spacing of 30″ and a typical rms noise level of ∼0.5 K for

at the channel width of 0.16 km

and ∼0.3 K for

and C18O at 0.17 km

. The high-quality data, with moderate resolution (∼50″), uniform sensitivity, and high spatial dynamic range, allow us to investigate the details of molecular clouds (MCs) traced by the three CO isotope lines. Three interesting examples are briefly investigated, including distant Galactic spiral arms traced by CO emission with V
LSR < 0 km s−1, the bubble-like dense gas structure near the H ii region W40, and the MCs distribution perpendicular to the Galactic plane.
Rotation Curve of the Milky Way from Classical Cepheids
Authors: Mróz Przemek , Udalski Andrzej , Skowron Dorota M. , Skowron Jan , Soszyński Igor , Pietrukowicz Paweł , Szymański Michał K. , Poleski Radosław , Kozłowski Szymon , Ulaczyk Krzysztof 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Flat rotation curves of spiral galaxies are considered as an evidence for dark matter, but the rotation curve of the Milky Way is difficult to measure. Various objects were used to track the rotation curve in the outer parts of the Galaxy, but most studies rely on incomplete kinematical information and inaccurate distances. Here, we use a sample of 773 Classical Cepheids with precise distances based on mid-infrared period–luminosity relations coupled with proper motions and radial velocities from Gaia to construct the accurate rotation curve of the Milky Way up to the distance of ∼20 kpc from the Galactic center. We use a simple model of Galactic rotation to measure the rotation speed of the Sun Θ0 = 233.6 ± 2.8 km s−1, assuming a prior on the distance to the Galactic center R
0 = 8.122 ± 0.031 kpc from the GRAVITY Collaboration. The rotation curve at Galactocentric distances 4 ≲ R ≲ 20 kpc is nearly flat with a small gradient of −1.34 ± 0.21 km s−1 kpc−1. This is the most accurate Galactic rotation curve at distances R > 12 kpc constructed so far.
Victor ou le patchwork des techniques
Authors: Chavarria Analia 
Published: January 2019

La problématique autistique, complexe comme elle l’est, ne peut pas être vue au travers d’une seule approche. Désamorcer la dualité entre psychanalyse et techniques éducatives/comportementalistes, me paraît primordial à l’heure de travailler avec des personnes autistes car ces techniques, si nous les utilisons en prenant en compte la singularité de chaque enfant, peuvent leur apporter beaucoup de bénéfices. Victor, pré-adolescent autiste âgé de 13 ans, en est un exemple. Par différentes médiations, Victor a pu déposer ses inquiétudes et ses questionnements dans le cadre d’une prise en charge psycho-éducative, donnant lieu à un processus de subjectivation dont Victor était le principal protagoniste. « Victor ou le patchwork des techniques » a été mon expérience en tant que clinicienne au cours de laquelle j’ai tenté, pour reprendre la métaphore de Freud, de ne pas prendre l’échafaudage pour le bâtiment lui-même.
Compliance With Standard Guidelines for the Prevention of Occupational Transmission of Bloodborne and Airborne Pathogens: A Survey of Postanesthesia Nursing Practice
Authors: Tait Alan R , Voepel-Lewis Terri , Tuttle Dale B , Malviya Shobha 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
Background: Postanesthesia care unit (PACU) nurses' compliance with the guidelines for prevention of exposure to HIV, hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV, HCV), and tuberculosis (TB) were evaluated.
Method: A questionnaire was administered to 34 adult and pediatric PACU nurses at a large, tertiary care medical center.
Results: Eighty-one percent (n = 26) of respondents reported they always complied with the guidelines when caring for a HIV-infected or HBV-infected patient, but only 31.3% (n = 10) complied when the patient was considered low risk (p < .05). The most commonly cited reasons for noncompliance were no anticipated blood contact (53.6%, n = 15 ) or being too busy (25%, n = 10). Nineteen percent (n = 6) of PACU nurses reported at least one clean needlestick, and 16.1% (n = 5) reported a contaminated needlestick within the previous 12 months. One nurse reported having acquired active TB from a patient contact.
Conclusion: Results suggest that, although the PACU nurses surveyed reported knowledge of the standard guidelines, this was not always reflected in their practice. Identification of barriers to compliance may be important in developing educational strategies to reduce the risk to nurses.
Exploring Nursing Roles Across North American Borders
Authors: Kuehn Alice F , Chircop Andrea , Downe-Wamboldt Barbara , Sheppard-LeMoine Debbie , Murnaghan Donna , Elliott Judy , Critchley Kim , MacNaughton Neil S , Méndez Lourdes , Wittstock Lucille , Ramírez Guadalupe , Arteaga Sabrina , Espinoza Silvia , Herbert Rosemary , Judge-Ellis Tess , Cárdenas Velia 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
Professional nurses are challenged by the increasing complexity of their own healthcare delivery systems and by the growing interconnectivity of healthcare systems worldwide. There are increasing calls for practice across boundaries; however, the role and scope of nursing practice within individual countries are often unclear, ill-defined, and misunderstood by nurses from other countries. In this collaborative educational project among six schools of nursing located in Canada, México, and the United States, nursing students and faculty are exploring the role of the nurse within each country's healthcare system while striving to develop their multicultural awareness. Participating faculty describe the process, challenges, and keys to success found in creating and living this international project. They share strategies for addressing challenges, which included meeting deadlines, time differences, differing academic schedules, writing joint documents in two languages, designing and presenting a shared course, and creating an exchange process between the six partner schools. They describe the evolution of their working relationships, the language challenges, and the joy of coming together as newfound colleagues and friends.
A Nursing Partnership: The Forces of Magnetism Guiding Evidence-Based Practice in the Republic of Armenia
Authors: Bentson Joanne , Latayan Monica B , Olander Linda , Rocco Joanne 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
A team of nurses at North Shore University Hospital in Manhasset, New York, has been participating in a global collaboration with nurses at Erebouni Medical Center in Yerevan, Armenia. During this collaboration, they have built on work initiated by representatives of the American International Health Alliance and the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) to develop application of evidence-based practice in the Armenian nurse's work environment. Their collective efforts have resulted in initiating nursing assessments and plans of care, position descriptions and performance appraisals, competency assessment tools, and performance improvement tools. Overall, the respect for nurses at Erebouni Medical Center has significantly improved. In October 2004, nurses at Erebouni Medical Center were recognized by the ANCC with the Journey to Nursing Excellence Award.
Hong Kong Nurses' Perceptions of and Participation in Continuing Nursing Education
Authors: Lee Angel C K , Tiwari Agnes F Y , Choi Elizabeth W H Hui , Yuen K H , Wong Alan 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
As medical technologies change, practicing nurses need to update their knowledge and skills to ensure quality health care for patients and to minimize possible health hazards in the workplace. This article describes a study that explored Hong Kong hospital nurses' perceptions of and participation in continuing nursing education. It found that Hong Kong nurses participate actively in continuing education out of a sense of professional responsibility and personal interest. However, consistent with findings from other studies, the major factors hindering nurses' participation are finances, family commitments, and time.
Models, Measurement, and Strategies in Developing Critical-Thinking Skills
Authors: Brunt Barbara A 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
Health care professionals must use critical-thinking skills to solve increasingly complex problems. Educators need to help nurses develop their critical-thinking skills to maintain and enhance their competence. This article reviews various models of critical thinking, as well as methods used to evaluate critical thinking. Specific educational strategies to develop nurses' critical-thinking skills are discussed. Additional research studies are needed to determine how the process of nursing practice can nurture and develop critical-thinking skills, and which strategies are most effective in developing and evaluating critical thinking.
Nursing Education and Service Collaboration: Making a Difference in the Clinical Learning Environment
Authors: Palmer Sheri P , Cox Amy Harmer , Callister Lynn Clark , Johnsen Vickie , Matsumura Geraldine 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
This article focuses on innovative collaborative steps that were identified in recent research conducted by these authors on the relationship between academia and service. These steps are currently being implemented in the hope of improving the important role that the clinical environment plays in student nurses' education. Few factors in nursing education are as important as the clinical environment in which students do their training. This article elaborates on these steps and offers practical suggestions for improving the relationship between academia and service.
Cutting Edge: Early Attrition of Memory T Cells during Inflammation and Costimulation Blockade Is Regulated Concurrently by Proapoptotic Proteins Fas and Bim
Authors: Jangalwe Sonal , Kapoor Varun N. , Xu Jia , Girnius Nomeda , Kennedy Norman J. , Edwards Yvonne J. K. , Welsh Raymond M. , Davis Roger J. , Brehm Michael A. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Apoptosis of CD8 T cells is an essential mechanism that maintains immune system homeostasis, prevents autoimmunity, and reduces immunopathology. CD8 T cell death also occurs early during the response to both inflammation and costimulation blockade (CoB). In this article, we studied the effects of a combined deficiency of Fas (extrinsic pathway) and Bim (intrinsic pathway) on early T cell attrition in response to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection and during CoB during transplantation. Loss of Fas and Bim function in Bcl2l11−/−Faslpr/lpr mice inhibited apoptosis of T cells and prevented the early T cell attrition resulting from lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection. Bcl2l11−/−Faslpr/lpr mice were also resistant to prolonged allograft survival induced by CoB targeting the CD40-CD154 pathway. These results demonstrate that both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathways function concurrently to regulate T cell homeostasis during the early stages of immune responses and allograft survival during CoB.
Lupus-Associated Immune Complexes Activate Human Neutrophils in an FcγRIIA-Dependent but TLR-Independent Response
Authors: Bonegio Ramon G. , Lin Jessica D. , Beaudette-Zlatanova Britte , York Michael R. , Menn-Josephy Hanni , Yasuda Kei 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of autoantibodies against nucleic acids and nucleoproteins. Anti-dsDNA Abs are considered a hallmark of SLE, and previous studies have indicated that nucleic acid–containing immune complexes (ICs) induce B cell and dendritic cell activation in a TLR-dependent process. How ICs containing nucleic acids affect neutrophil function has not been well investigated. In this study, we report that nucleic acid–containing ICs derived from the sera of SLE patients induce human and mouse neutrophil activation through TLR-independent mechanisms. Soluble ICs containing Sm/RNP, an RNA Ag, activate human neutrophils to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and IL-8. In contrast, ICs containing DNA have to be immobilized to efficiently activate neutrophils. We found that deleting TLR7 or TLR9, the receptors for RNA and DNA, had no effect on mouse neutrophil activation induced by RNA-containing and immobilized DNA–containing ICs. Binding of ICs are mediated through FcγRIIA and FcγRIIIB. However, neutrophil activation induced by RNA- and DNA-containing ICs requires FcγRIIA, as blocking FcγRIIA inhibited ROS release from neutrophils. RNA-containing ICs induce calcium flux, whereas TLR7/8 ligand R848 do not. Surprisingly, chloroquine inhibits calcium flux induced by RNA-containing ICs, suggesting that this lesser known function of chloroquine is involved in the neutrophil activation induced by ICs. These data indicate the SLE-derived ICs activate neutrophils to release ROS and chemokines in an FcγRIIA-dependent and TLR7- and TLR9-independent manner that likely contributes to local tissue inflammation and damage.
CK11, a Teleost Chemokine with a Potent Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Muñoz-Atienza Estefanía , Aquilino Carolina , Syahputra Khairul , Al-Jubury Azmi , Araújo Carlos , Skov Jakob , Kania Per W. , Hernández Pablo E. , Buchmann Kurt , Cintas Luis M. , Tafalla Carolina 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
CK11 is a rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) CC chemokine phylogenetically related to both mammalian CCL27 and CCL28 chemokines, strongly transcribed in skin and gills in homeostasis, for which an immune role had not been reported to date. In the current study, we have demonstrated that CK11 is not chemotactic for unstimulated leukocyte populations from central immune organs or mucosal tissues but instead exerts a potent antimicrobial activity against a wide range of rainbow trout pathogens. Our results show that CK11 strongly inhibits the growth of different rainbow trout Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, namely Lactococcus garvieae, Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida, and Yersinia ruckeri and a parasitic ciliate Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. Similarly to mammalian chemokines and antimicrobial peptides, CK11 exerted its antimicrobial activity, rapidly inducing membrane permeability in the target pathogens. Further transcriptional studies confirmed the regulation of CK11 transcription in response to exposure to some of these pathogens in specific conditions. Altogether, our studies related to phylogenetic relations, tissue distribution, and biological activity point to CK11 as a potential common ancestor of mammalian CCL27 and CCL28. To our knowledge, this study constitutes the first report of a fish chemokine with antimicrobial activity, thus establishing a novel role for teleost chemokines in antimicrobial immunity that supports an evolutionary relationship between chemokines and antimicrobial peptides.
Computability Theory
Authors: Brattka Vasco , Downey Rodney G. , Knight Julia F. , Lempp Steffen 
Published: January 2019

Computability and computable enumerability are two of the fundamental notions of mathematics. Interest in effectiveness is already apparent in the famous Hilbert problems, in particular the second and tenth, and in early 20th century work of Dehn, initiating the study of word problems in group theory. The last decade has seen both completely new subareas develop as well as remarkable growth in two-way interactions between classical computability theory and areas of applications. There is also a great deal of work on algorithmic randomness, reverse mathematics, computable analysis, and in computable structure theory/computable model theory.
The goal of this workshop is to bring together researchers representing different aspects of computability theory to discuss recent advances, and to stimulate future work.
Contemporary follow-up imaging after endovascular repair of lower extremity atherosclerotic lesions
Authors: Michalska Marta , Kazimierczak Wojciech , Leszczyński Waldemar , Nadolska Katarzyna , Bryl Łukasz 
Published: January 2019

Atherosclerotic disease is currently one of the most important problems of modern medicine because it is a leading cause of increased morbidity, morbidity and mortality, and disability in the Western World. Atherosclerosis of the lower limbs (peripheral arterial disease – PAD) significantly affects the quality of life and in a considerable proportion of patients is a cause of disability. Radical treatment of PAD, both surgical and endovascular, aims at revascularisation of ischaemic tissues distal to obstructed arteries. Surveillance imaging is an important part of patient management after endovascular repair of PAD. Apart from availability and contraindications, challenges of imaging include calcifications, flow dynamics, and stent-related artefacts. The aim of this paper was to review the current literature on imaging methods for follow-up after endovascular repair of atherosclerotic lesions, with special attention paid to novel techniques. As a non-invasive modality, ultrasound is still the first-line examination, but computed tomography angiography remains a current state-of-the art technique for follow-up. However, since current imaging recommendations seem not to adhere to contemporary imaging possibilities, more attention should be paid to recent improvements in magnetic resonance angiography technology.
Vertical characterization of aerosol optical properties and brown carbon in winter in urban Beijing, China
Authors: Xie Conghui , Xu Weiqi , Wang Junfeng , Wang Qingqing , Liu Dantong , Tang Guiqian , Chen Ping , Du Wei , Zhao Jian , Zhang Yingjie , Zhou Wei , Han Tingting , Bian Qingyun , Li Jie , Fu Pingqing , Wang Zifa , Ge Xinlei , Allan James , Coe Hugh , Sun Yele 
Published: January 2019

Abstract. Aerosol particles are of importance in the Earth's radiation budget since
they scatter and absorb sunlight. While extensive studies of aerosol optical
properties have been conducted at ground sites, vertical measurements and
characterization are very limited in megacities. In this work, we present
simultaneous real-time online measurements of aerosol optical properties at
ground level and at 260 m on a meteorological tower from 16 November to
13 December in 2016 in Beijing along with measurements of continuous vertical
profiles during two haze episodes. The average (±1σ) scattering
and absorption coefficients (bsca and babs; λ=630 nm) were 337.6 (±356.0) and 36.6 (±33.9) Mm−1 at
260 m, which were 26.5 % and 22.5 % lower than those at ground
level. Single scattering albedo (SSA), however, was comparable between the
two heights, with slightly higher values at ground level (0.89±0.04).
Although bsca and babs showed overall similar
temporal variations between ground level and 260 m, the ratios of 260 m to ground
varied substantially from less than 0.4 during the clean stages of haze
episodes to > 0.8 in the late afternoon. A more detailed
analysis indicates that vertical profiles of bsca,
babs, and SSA in the low atmosphere were closely related to the
changes in meteorological conditions and mixing layer height. The mass
absorption cross section (MAC) of equivalent black carbon (eBC, λ=630 nm) varied substantially from 9.5 to 13.2 m2 g−1
in winter in Beijing, and it was strongly associated with the mass ratio of
coating materials on refractory BC (rBC) to rBC (MR), and also the
oxidation degree of organics in rBC-containing particles. Our results show
that the increases in MAC of eBC in winter were mainly caused by
photochemically produced secondary materials. Light absorption of organic
carbon (brown carbon, BrC) was also important in winter, which on average
accounted for 46 (±8.5) % and 48 (±9.3) % of the total
absorption at 370 nm at ground level and 260 m, respectively. A linear
regression model combined with positive matrix factorization analysis was
used to show that coal combustion was the dominant source contribution of BrC
(48 %–55 %) followed by biomass burning (17 %) and
photochemically processed secondary organic aerosol (∼20 %) in
winter in Beijing.
A stochastic event-based approach for flood estimation in catchments with mixed rainfall and snowmelt flood regimes
Authors: Filipova Valeriya , Lawrence Deborah , Skaugen Thomas 
Published: January 2019

Abstract. The estimation of extreme floods is associated with high uncertainty, in part
due to the limited length of streamflow records. Traditionally, statistical
flood frequency analysis and an event-based model (PQRUT) using a single
design storm have been applied in Norway. We here propose a stochastic PQRUT
model, as an extension of the standard application of the event-based PQRUT
model, by considering different combinations of initial conditions, rainfall
and snowmelt, from which a distribution of flood peaks can be constructed.
The stochastic PQRUT was applied for 20 small- and medium-sized catchments in
Norway and the results give good fits to observed peak-over-threshold (POT) series.
A sensitivity analysis of the method indicates (a) that the soil saturation level
is less important than the rainfall input and the parameters of the PQRUT
model for flood peaks with return periods higher than 100 years and (b) that
excluding the snow routine can change the seasonality of the flood peaks.
Estimates for the 100- and 1000-year return level based on the stochastic
PQRUT model are compared with results for (a) statistical frequency analysis
and (b) a standard implementation of the event-based PQRUT method. The
differences in flood estimates between the stochastic PQRUT and the
statistical flood frequency analysis are within 50 % in most catchments.
However, the differences between the stochastic PQRUT and the standard
implementation of the PQRUT model are much higher, especially in catchments
with a snowmelt flood regime.