bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Defining Quality Indicators for Breast Device Surgery: Using Registries for Global Benchmarking
Authors: Begum Husna , Vishwanath Swarna , Merenda Michelle , Tacey Mark , Dean Nicola , Elder Elisabeth , Mureau Marc , Bezic Ron , Carter Pamela , Cooter Rodney D. , Deva Anand , Earnest Arul , Higgs Michael , Klein Howard , Magnusson Mark , Moore Colin , Rakhorst Hinne , Saunders Christobel , Stark Birgit , Hopper Ingrid 
Published: August 2019

Background:
Breast device registries monitor devices encompassing breast implants, tissue expanders and dermal matrices, and the quality of care and patient outcomes for breast device surgery. Defining a standard set of quality indicators and risk adjustment factors will enable consistency and adjustment for case-mix in benchmarking quality of care across breast implant registries. This study aimed to develop a set of quality indicators to enable assessment and reporting of quality of care for breast device surgery which can be applied globally.

Methods:
A scoping literature review was undertaken, and potential quality indicators were identified. Consensus on the final list of quality indicators was obtained using a modified Delphi approach. This process involved a series of online surveys, and teleconferences over 6 months. The Delphi panel included participants from various countries and representation from surgical specialty groups including breast and general surgeons, plastic and reconstructive surgeons, cosmetic surgeons, a breast-care nurse, a consumer, a devices regulator (Therapeutic Goods Administration), and a biostatistician. A total of 12 candidate indicators were proposed: Intraoperative antibiotic wash, intraoperative antiseptic wash, preoperative antibiotics, nipple shields, surgical plane, volume of implant, funnels, immediate versus delayed reconstruction, time to revision, reoperation due to complications, patient satisfaction, and volume of activity.

Results:
Three of the 12 proposed indicators were endorsed by the panel: preoperative intravenous antibiotics, reoperation due to complication, and patient reported outcome measures.

Conclusion:
The 3 endorsed quality indicator measures will enable breast device registries to standardize benchmarking of care internationally for patients undergoing breast device surgery.
Design and Development of a Novel Transtibial Cycling Prosthesis
Authors: Tiele Akira , Soni-Sadar Shivam , Rowbottom Jack , Patel Shilen , Mathewson Edward , Pearson Samuel , Hutchins David , Head John , Hutchins Stephen 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
This article describes the design methodology, creation, and testing of a bespoke transtibial prosthesis, manufactured in part using three-dimensional (3D) printing technology, to enable more effective transmission of dynamic pressure through pedals during cycling. Asymmetry in motion can occur during cycling between the affected and contralateral lower limb. This pilot study was devised to enable development of a prototype prosthesis using a flexible ankle joint design for people with transtibial lower-limb absence for use when participating in amateur sports cycling.

Materials and Methods
Gait laboratory analysis and in-shoe plantar pressure measurement were used to simultaneously measure heel/ankle kinematics, plus pressure magnitude/distribution applied during cycling. A volunteer subject cycled on a static rig wearing either a standard unilateral transtibial prosthesis or a prototype prosthesis, which incorporated a simulated Achilles tendon. An able-bodied volunteer acted as a control.

Results
The results indicate that cycling with the prototype prosthesis reduced bilateral ankle and heel kinematic misalignment by 64% and reduced unwanted pedal pressure during the cycling recovery phase from 60 N to 50 N.

Conclusions
The use of 3D printing is a feasible option in the design and manufacture of lower-limb prostheses designed for cycling. Further research is needed to confirm this in a larger cohort of patients.
The Efficacy of Hypnotherapy in the Treatment of Functional Dyspepsia
Authors: Popa Stefan-Lucian , Chiarioni Giuseppe , David Liliana , Dumitrascu Dan Lucian 
Published: August 2019

Background:Functional dyspepsia (FD) is one of the most frequent functional gastrointestinal disorders and is defined using the Rome IV criteria as any combination of the following symptoms: postprandial fullness, early satiety, epigastric pain, and epigastric burning that are severe enough to interfere with the usual activities and occur at least 3 days per week over the past 3 months with an onset of at least 6 months before the presentation. The purpose of this systematic review is to analyze all the relevant studies in the literature that investigate the efficiency of hypnotherapy in FD.Areas Of Uncertainty:FD refractory to conservative treatment is a therapeutic challenge, and alternative treatment options are needed. Gut-oriented hypnotherapy has been reported an effective treatment for irritable bowel syndrome, but poorly tested in FD.Data Sources:We performed a search in 6 bibliographic databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, and LILACS) using customized search strategies for each engine. The search strategy included the following terms: (hypnosis, hypnotherapy, hypnotherapies, hypnogenesis, hypnotism, hypnotist, hypnotical suggestion, suggestion, and mesmerism) and {[functional and (dyspepsia or dyspeptic)] or FD}.Results:Taking the aforementioned criteria into account, the result was a review of 4 articles analyzing the efficacy of hypnotherapy in the treatment of FD, published in the past 20 years. The initial search identified 398 articles, of which 37 potentially appropriate articles were reviewed. Of these 37 articles, 4 articles were included in the review. The benefits observed by numerous studies go beyond the field of digestive pathology, patients describing a general improvement in physical and mental health.Conclusions:Current studies analyzing the efficacy of hypnotherapy in FD provide encouraging data, but additional randomized controlled trials are needed before a firm position on the effectiveness of hypnosis in FD.
Management of Diarrhea in Patients With Carcinoid Syndrome
Authors: Naraev Boris G. , Halland Magnus , Halperin Daniel M. , Purvis Amy J. , O'Dorisio Thomas M. , Halfdanarson Thorvardur R. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) arise from enterochromaffin cells found in neuroendocrine tissues, with most occurring in the gastrointestinal tract. The global incidence of NETs has increased in the past 15 years, likely due to better diagnostic methods. Small-bowel NETs are frequently associated with carcinoid syndrome (CS). Carcinoid syndrome diarrhea occurs in 80% of CS patients and poses a substantial symptomatic and economic burden. Patients with CS diarrhea frequently suffer from diarrhea and flushing and report corresponding impairment in quality of life, requiring substantial changes in daily activities and lifestyle. Treatment paradigms range from surgical debulking to liver-directed therapies to treatment with somatostatin analogs, nonspecific anti-diarrheal agents, and a tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor. Other causes of diarrhea, including steatorrhea, short bowel syndrome, and bile acid malabsorption, should be considered in NET patients with refractory diarrhea. More therapeutic options are needed for symptomatic management of patients with NETs, and better understanding of the pathophysiology can empower clinicians with improved patient care.
Inhibition of Lipolysis With Acipimox Attenuates Postburn White Adipose Tissue Browning and Hepatic Fat Infiltration
Authors: Barayan Dalia , Vinaik Roohi , Auger Christopher , Knuth Carly M. , Abdullahi Abdikarim , Jeschke Marc G. 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT
Extensive burn injuries promote an increase in the lipolysis of white adipose tissue (WAT), a complication that enhances postburn hypermetabolism contributing to hyperlipidemia and hepatic steatosis. The systemic increase of free fatty acids (FFAs) due to burn-induced lipolysis and subsequent organ fatty infiltration may culminate in multiple organ dysfunction and, ultimately, death. Thus, reducing WAT lipolysis to diminish the mobilization of FFAs may render an effective means to improve outcomes postburn. Here, we investigated the metabolic effects of Acipimox, a clinically approved drug that suppresses lipolysis via inhibition of hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL). Using a murine model of thermal injury, we show that specific inhibition of HSL with Acipimox effectively suppresses burn-induced lipolysis in the inguinal WAT leading to lower levels of circulating FFAs at 7 days postburn (P < 0.05). The FFA substrate shortage indirectly repressed the thermogenic activation of adipose tissue after injury, reflected by the decrease in protein expression of key browning markers, UCP-1 (P < 0.001) and PGC-1α (P < 0.01). Importantly, reduction of FFA mobilization by Acipimox significantly decreased liver weight and intracellular fat accumulation (P < 0.05), suggesting that it may also improve organ function postburn. Our data validate the pharmacological inhibition of lipolysis as a potentially powerful therapeutic strategy to counteract the detrimental metabolic effects induced by burn.
Seismic retrofitting of Māori wharenui in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Crum Ambrosia , Brown Deidre , Fa'aui Tūmanako , Vallis Naomi , Ingham Jason M. 
Published: August 2019

The design of Māori wharenui (meeting houses), refined over the last 180 years, has given rise to a distinctive typology that demonstrates an understanding of tectonic-narrative expression. It is a visual codex designed to be read. Set within the context of pre-disaster readiness, this current study investigated the resilience of Māori buildings and communities through a dual interpretation of seismic, regulatory and historical frameworks. The literature on Māori building technologies scarcely addresses matters of resilience and there is currently no formalized methodology to guide wharenui seismic retrofit practice. Through a macro level analysis of recently completed retrofit projects, this current study identified issues present in current practice. The resulting research presented a pathway for the future development of an approach (to inform methodologies) and strategy (to build capability) founded on the recognition of wharenui as a new category of building within building regulations. It is also recommended that research continues to develop alternative engineered solutions, expert knowledge bases and best practice guidelines.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Environmental loading of heritage structures’.
Brick masonry industrial chimneys: assessment, evaluation and intervention
Authors: Guedes João M. , Lopes Valter , Quelhas Bruno , Costa Alexandre , Ilharco Tiago , Coelho Filipe 
Published: August 2019

Masonry chimneys were key elements of post-industrial factory buildings. Built on a large scale in Portugal from the nineteenth century, factory buildings have been in use until the beginning of the twentieth century, afterwards being progressively abandoned, transformed or demolished. During this degradation process, the industrial chimneys are often separated from other structures and become isolated elements, i.e. sculptures to the memory of the site's past activity. Moreover, although most of these industries and chimneys were located outside ordinary living areas, they are actually surrounded by dwellings or placed inside leisure areas. This new framework demands safety evaluations of the chimneys, which involve preliminary on-site surveys. This work shows the analysis of the geometric and material data from on-site surveys and dynamic identification procedures carried out on 10 industrial brick masonry chimneys. In particular, it establishes correlations between the chimneys geometrical and mechanical characteristics and proposes simple procedures to help designers to assess the safety conditions of these chimneys and evaluate eventual reinforcement needs.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Environmental loading of heritage structures’.
The Gap Rock Lighthouse: construction and typhoon damage
Authors: Deng K. Y. , Poon S. W. 
Published: August 2019

This paper focuses on the Gap Rock lighthouse, a legendary maritime infrastructure built 130 years ago in the Chinese territory and an early example of joint venture among the Qing Dynasty, the British Empire and the Hong Kong Colonial Government over a course of two decades. Based on 4 years of cross-territorial archival and field research as well as in-depth interviews with descendants of two key stakeholders, the origin of this lasting legacy on the sea is traced, followed by a detailed account of its challenging processes of planning, design and construction, and of the considerable damage to the compound by a severe typhoon in 1893. A qualitative analysis of the key contributing factors of the damage was conducted by taking into consideration the Island's unique topography and the historical records of territorial weather reports. A re-construction of the typhoon impact on the Lighthouse is presented to explain the possible mistakes in its siting and design that eventually caused the severe damage. This serves as a reminder of the significance of a thorough geographical investigation for any infrastructure for all construction professionals in the face of climatic change.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Environmental loading of heritage structures’.
High-resolution time-dependent probabilistic assessment of the hydraulic performance for historic coastal structures: application to Luarca Breakwater
Authors: Lara Javier L. , Lucio David , Tomas Antonio , Di Paolo Benedetto , Losada Inigo J. 
Published: August 2019

Historic coastal structures have played a key role in small- to medium-size ports, being the driving force for the local development of coastal communities. Because coastal managers require reliable risk-based analysis of the whole life cycle of these coastal structures, previous lifetimes should be studied. This is a differentiating factor with respect to the newly built breakwaters. For this reason, in this work, a methodology for assessing how the hydraulic performance of an expired lifetime has evolved over the years is presented. It is performed following a probabilistic approach due to the uncertainty related to both the involved variables (wave climate, geometrical and structural breakwater variables) and the hydraulic response of the structure. The first ones are characterized by reliable probability distribution functions. The second ones are characterized by reliable formulae for the analysis of the hydraulic response. However, their non-conventional designs located in shallow-water locations require site-dependent formulae. To overcome this problem, a novel methodology to apply CFD numerical models is presented. Finally, it is integrated in a high-resolution time-dependent probabilistic methodology which takes into account the stochastic behaviour of all the involved variables, coastal and structural processes with a good uncertainty level.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Environmental loading of heritage structures’.
Wolf Rock lighthouse: past developments and future survivability under wave loading
Authors: Raby A. C. , Antonini A. , Pappas A. , Dassanayake D. T. , Brownjohn J. M. W. , D'Ayala D. 
Published: August 2019

Lighthouses situated on exposed rocky outcrops warn mariners of the dangers that lurk beneath the waves. They were first constructed when approaches to wave loading and structural response were relatively unsophisticated, essentially learning from previous failures. Here, we chart the evolution of lighthouses on the Wolf Rock, situated between Land's End and the Isles of Scilly in the UK. The first empirical approaches are described, followed by design aspects of the present tower, informed by innovations developed on other rocky outcrops. We focus on a particular development associated with the automation of lighthouses: the helideck platform. The design concept is described and the structure then scrutinized for future survivability, using the latest structural modelling techniques of the entire lighthouse and helideck. Model validation data were obtained through a complex logistical field operation and experimental modal analysis. Extreme wave loading for the model required the identification of the 250-year return period wave using a Bayesian method with informative prior distributions, for two different scenarios (2017 and 2067). The structural models predict responses of the helideck to wave loading which is characterized by differential displacements of 0.093 m (2017) and 0.115 m (2067) with associated high tension forces and plastic strain.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Environmental loading of heritage structures’.
Historical review of lighthouse design under wind load: the Ile Vierge lighthouse
Authors: Domede Nathalie , Pena Luisa , Fady Nicolas 
Published: August 2019

The purpose of the study presented here is to describe the design method used by engineers in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries to size lighthouse structures and to compare them with current European standards. The historical information presented here is derived from two sources in particular: the archives of the Ile Vierge lighthouse, which was built at the northern tip of Brittany between 1897 and 1902, and the scientific journals, books and courses available at that time. Firstly, the article describes the structure of the Ile Vierge lighthouse, which is the tallest stone lighthouse in Europe. The wind load acting on lighthouses and chimneys was formulated in France by L. Fresnel in 1825. Fresnel's work is compared to W. J. M. Rankine's theory used in the UK. The safety coefficients applied with respect to the stability of the towers in France and the UK in the nineteenth-century are compared. On the occasion of the construction of the Ile Vierge lighthouse, the masonry strength under wind loads led to a discussion among engineers of the French lighthouse authorities. They also worried about the risk of excessive oscillations of the towers, which could cause a dysfunction of the lamp. Thirdly, the standard wind action defined in Eurocode 1 is applied to the Ile Vierge lighthouse. Calculation results are given. A comparative analysis of the ancient and modern methods is presented. Overall, this historical research shows that the designers of lighthouses in the nineteenth-century had the same objectives as today: to build strong, durable structures in which deformations under loads are compatible with serviceability.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Environmental loading of heritage structures’.
De novowhole-genome assembly in interspecific hybrid table grape, ‘Shine Muscat’
Authors: Shirasawa Kenta , Azuma Akifumi , Taniguchi Fumiya , Yamamoto Toshiya , Sato Akihiko , Hirakawa Hideki , Isobe Sachiko 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis study presents the first genome sequence of an interspecific grape hybrid, ‘Shine Muscat’ (Vitis labruscana×V. vinifera), an elite table grape cultivar bred in Japan. The complexity of the genome structure, arising from the interspecific hybridization, necessitated the use of a sophisticated genome assembly pipeline with short-read genome sequence data. The resultant genome assemblies consisted of two types of sequences: a haplotype-phased sequence of the highly heterozygous genomes and an unphased sequence representing a “haploid” genome. The unphased sequences spanned 490.1 Mb in length, 99.4% of the estimated genome size, with 8,696 scaffold sequences with an N50 length of 13.2 Mb. The phased sequences had 15,650 scaffolds spanning 1.0 Gb with N50 of 4.2 Mb. The two sequences comprised 94.7% and 96.3% of the core eukaryotic genes, indicating that the entire genome of ‘Shine Muscat’ was represented. Examination of genome structures revealed possible genome rearrangements between the genomes of ‘Shine Muscat’ and aV. viniferaline. Furthermore, full-length transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed 13,947 gene loci on the ‘Shine Muscat’ genome, from which 26,199 transcript isoforms were transcribed. These genome resources provide new insights that could help cultivation and breeding strategies produce more high-quality table grapes such as ‘Shine Muscat’.
The Secretomes of Painful Versus Nonpainful Human Schwannomatosis Tumor Cells Differentially Influence Sensory Neuron Gene Expression and Sensitivity
Authors: Ostrow Kimberly Laskie , Donaldson Katelyn J. , Caterina Michael J. , Belzberg Allan , Hoke Ahmet 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSchwannomatosis is a multiple tumor syndrome in which patients develop benign tumors along peripheral nerves throughout the body. The first symptom with which schwannomatosis patients often present, prior to discovery of tumors, is pain. This pain can be debilitating and is often inadequately alleviated by pharmacological approaches. Schwannomatosis-associated pain can be localized to the area of a tumor, or widespread. Moreover, not all tumors are painful, and the occurrence of pain is often unrelated to tumor size or location. We speculate that some individual tumors, but not others, secrete factors that act on nearby nerves to augment nociception by producing neuronal sensitization or spontaneous neuronal firing. We created cell lines from human SWN tumors with varying degrees of pain. We have found that conditioned medium (CM) collected from painful SWN tumors, but not that from nonpainful SWN tumors, sensitized DRG neurons, causing increased sensitivity to depolarization by KCl, increased response to noxious TRPV1 and TRPA1 agonists and also upregulated the expression of pain-associated genes in DRG cultures. Multiple cytokines were also detected at higher levels in CM from painful tumors. Taken together our data demonstrate a differential ability of painful versus non-painful human schwannomatosis tumor cells to secrete factors that augment sensory neuron responsiveness, and thus identify a potential determinant of pain heterogeneity in schwannomatosis.
Wax ester production in nitrogen-rich conditions by metabolically engineeredAcinetobacter baylyiADP1
Authors: Luo Jin , Efimova Elena , Losoi Pauli , Santala Ville , Santala Suvi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMetabolic engineering can be used as a powerful tool to redirect cell resources towards product synthesis, also in conditions that are not optimal. An example of a synthesis pathway strongly dependent on external conditions is the production of storage lipids, which typically requires high carbon/nitrogen ratio.Acinetobacter baylyiADP1 is known for its ability to produce industrially interesting storage lipids, namely wax esters (WEs). Here, we engineered the central carbon metabolism ofA. baylyiADP1 by deletion of the geneaceAencoding for isocitrate lyase in order to allow redirection of carbon towards WEs. The production was further enhanced by overexpression of fatty acyl-CoA reductase Acr1 in the wax ester production pathway. This strategy led to 3-fold improvement in yield (0.075 g/g glucose) and 3.15-fold improvement in titer (1.82 g/L) and productivity (0.038 g/L/h) by a simple one-stage batch cultivation with glucose as carbon source. The engineered strain accumulated up to 27% WEs of cell dry weight. The titer and cellular WE content are the highest reported to date among microbes. We further showed that the engineering strategy alleviated the inherent requirement for high carbon/nitrogen ratio and demonstrated the production of wax esters using nitrogen-rich substrates including casamino acids, yeast extract and baker’s yeast hydrolysate, which support biomass production but not WE production in wild-type cells. The study demonstrates the power of metabolic engineering in overcoming natural limitations in the production of storage lipids.