bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interventions for Digital Addiction: Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses
Authors: Lu Peng , Qiu Jiamin , Huang Shiqi , Wang Xinman , Han Shasha , Zhu Sui , Ning Youjing , Zeng Fang-fang , Yuan Yuan 
Published: November 2024

Background
Numerous studies have explored interventions to reduce digital addiction outcomes, but inconclusive evidence makes it difficult for decision-makers, managers, and clinicians to become familiar with all available literature and find appropriate interventions.

Objective
This study aims to summarize and assess the certainty of evidence of interventions proposed to decrease digital addiction from published meta-analyses.

Methods
An umbrella review of published meta-analyses was performed. We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase for meta-analyses published up to February 2024. Eligible studies evaluated interventions using randomized controlled trials, nonrandomized controlled trials, or quasi-experimental studies and were assessed for methodological quality using Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews version 2. A random effects model was used to analyze data, considering heterogeneity and publication bias. Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations was applied to assess evidence with certainty.

Results
A total of 5 studies assessing 21 associations were included in the umbrella review, of which 4 (80%) were high-quality meta-analyses. Weak evidence was observed in 19 associations, whereas null associations appeared in the remaining 2 associations. These associations pertained to 8 interventions (group counseling, integrated internet addiction [IA] prevention programs, psychosocial interventions, reality therapy, self-control training programs, cognitive behavioral therapy, interventions to reduce screen time in children, and exercise) and 9 outcomes (self-control, self-esteem, internet gaming disorder symptoms, time spent gaming, IA scores, screen use time, interpersonal sensitivity longlines, anxiety, and depression). Cognitive behavioral therapy reduces anxiety (standardized mean difference [SMD] 0.939, 95% CI 0.311 to 1.586), internet gaming disorder symptoms (SMD 1.394, 95% CI 0.664 to 2.214), time spent gaming (SMD 1.259, 95% CI, 0.311 to 2.206), and IA scores (SMD –2.097, 95% CI –2.814 to –1.381). Group counseling had a large effect on improving self-control (SMD 1.296, 95% CI 0.269 to 2.322) and reducing IA levels (SMD –1.417, 95% CI –1.836 to –0.997). Exercise intervention reduced IA scores (SMD –2.322, 95% CI –3.212 to –1.431), depression scores (SMD –1.421, 95% CI –2.046 to –797), and interpersonal sensitivity scores (SMD –1.433, 95% CI –2.239 to –0.627).

Conclusions
The evidence indicates that current interventions to reduce digital addiction are weak. Data from more and better-designed studies with larger sample sizes are needed to establish robust evidence.

Trial Registration
PROSPERO CRD42024528173; crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=528173
Alterations in the polarization of liver M1/M2 macrophages upon long-term administration of triptorelin in rats
Authors: Rud M.V. , Stetsuk Y.V. , Shepitko V.I. , Vilkhova O.V. , Pelypenko L.B. , Voloshyna O.V. , Sydorenko A.G. , Pavlenko H.P. , Sharlai N.M. , Sych O.V. 
Published: November 2024

Background. Liver macrophages play a pivotal role in maintaining the homeostasis of the liver and the entire body, they may be classified into three categories based on their origin. M1 macrophages, designated as classically activated macrophages, differentiate from macrophages stimulated by interferon-gamma or ligands of Toll-like receptors. M2 cells are derived from macrophages that have been stimulated by IL-4/13. Prostate cancer is the second most prevalent malignancy in men globally. Androgen deprivation therapy using gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist remains the backbone of advanced prostate cancer treatment. The purpose of our study was to ascertain the impact of testosterone suppression on immunocompetent hepatic cells in male rats. The study employed a series of experimental periods, with the introduction of triptorelin and quercetin at varying stages. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on 35 sexually mature male rats. They were randomly allocated to two groups: the controls (n = 10) and the experimental one (n = 25). The animals in the experimental group were administered a solution of triptorelin at a dose of 0.3 mg of active ingredient per 1 kg of body weight, with the aim of modulating the central deprivation of luteinizing hormone synthesis. We used primary antibodies against CD163 and CD68. Results. In the livers of animals on day 30 of the experiment, the number of CD68+ cells were calculated to be 12.2400 ± 1.5792 per FOV at p < 0.01, which is 2.2 times higher than in the control group. The expression of CD163+ with a value of 25.04 ± 1.79 (p < 0.01) is 5.56 times higher compared to the controls. On day 90, the number of cells exhibiting CD68+ and CD163+ expression was 29.34 ± 1.86 and 25.66 ± 4.22, respectively, at p < 0.01, representing a 5.46-fold increase compared to the FOV in the control group preparations. The 180th day of observation was defined by a reduction in the expression of CD68+ as compared to the earlier examination period. Conversely, the expression of CD163+ in cells increased, representing a 40% rise compared to the previous examination period. On day 270 of the experiment, a gradual increase in the expression of cells with CD68+ (9.86 ± 1.47; p < 0.05) was demonstrated. Conclusions. The long-term administration of triptorelin causes changes in quantitative and qualitative modifications of the macrophage population. Maximum of M1 phenotype are detected at 3 and 12 months of observation. The number of M2 phenotype increases by 6 months of monitoring, with a gradual decrease by 12 months.
Dynamics of cortisol levels and the state of vitamin D supply during the full-scale war in Ukraine in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Bobryk M.I. , Pankiv V.I. , Yerokhovych V.M. , Yuzvenko V.S. , Malyi D.Yu. , Komisarenko Yu.I. , Mikulets L.V. 
Published: November 2024

Background. Assessment of the role of stress hormones and vitamin D levels under the influence of a long-term psychotraumatic factor provides information necessary for the prevention of type 2 dia­betes mellitus (T2DM) complications. The aim of the study was to evaluate the dynamics of the stress hormone cortisol and the state of vitamin D supply in patients with T2DM during the full-scale war in Ukraine compared to the pre-war state. Materials and methods. In 2021–2024, a prospective study was conducted, which inclu­ded patients with T2DM and a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level ≥ 7 %, individuals with insulin resistance without DM and people without DM aged 19–75 years. Exclusion criteria were as follows: T2DM with severe chronic complications, HbA1c level < 7 %, acute inflammatory processes, oncological diseases, body mass index ≥ 40 kg/m2, intake of antidepressants, vitamin D drugs less than 2 months before the study. The average level of 25(OH)D, serum and salivary cortisol were studied every year from 2021 to 2024. Laboratory studies were performed using the methods of chemiluminescence and enzyme-linked immunoassay. Results. Patients with T2DM have a lower mean level of vitamin D and it decreases during the war, being significantly lower in 2023 and 2024 compared to 2021. In people without diabetes, the average level of vitamin D also decreases during the war years, but in general it is higher, within the limits of vitamin D insufficiency. In 2024, the average level of vitamin D in these patients increased, which indicates a more active medical intervention. When determi­ning the dynamics of serum cortisol in patients without DM in 2024, the following is observed. It was significantly higher than before the war, and in patients with DM2, it was highest in 2022 with a gradual downward trend in 2023 and a return to an increase of the average level in 2024. In this group of patients, the difference between indicators is not reliable. When determining the dynamics of salivary cortisol, we observe an increase in the average level during the war in patients without DM, and an increase in the average level during the war with a peak in 2023 in patients with insulin resistance without DM. In patients with T2DM, there is an increase in cortisol during the war, which was also present before it began. The lowest level was observed in this group of patients in 2022. Conclusions. Patients with T2DM during the war compared to the pre-war period had a stably increased level of salivary cortisol. In people without T2DM, there is a significant increase in the average level of cortisol in saliva during the war compared to the pre-war period. It is recommended to reduce the level of insulin resistance through lifestyle modification, maintaining an adequate level of vitamin D.
The nutritional potency of Southern African Schistocerca gregaria, Encosternum delegorguei and Macrotermes spp. for food and feed
Authors: Kolobe Sekobane Daniel , Sebola Nthabiseng Amenda , Malematja Emmanuel , Monnye Mabelebele 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The current study examined the chemical composition of four (4) African adult edible insects: Schistocerca gregaria (desert locust), Encosternum delegorguei (green stinkbug), Macrotermes falciger (soldier termites) and Macrotermes natalensis (winged termites). Fresh insects (1 000g of each) were acquired, euthanised, processed and packaged into triplicates. Only M. natalensis were further exposed to oil extraction to produce by-products: winged termite meal (WTM) and winged termite oil (WTO). Hence, a total of six (6) insect samples were chemically and statistically evaluated for proximate, amino acid and fatty acid contents. S. gregaria (66.11%) and WTM (53.64%) had higher (p<0.05) crude protein than the other insect samples, respectively. Fats, crude fibre and NDF were more abundant (p<0.05) in E. delegorguei than other insect samples, whereas only WTM and M. natalensis had elevated ash content. A total of 16 amino acids (9 essential and 7 non-essential) and 30 fatty acids (15 SFA, 6 MUFA and 9 PUFA) were detected in selected insect samples. Although, S. gregaria and M. natalensis had more (p<0.05) essential amino acids (EAAs) than other insect meals, EAAs from all insect samples met the human protein requirements recommended by the WHO (2007). Leucine (2.32 to 5.67 g/100 g) was the most predominant (p<0.05) while methionine (0.38 to 1.03 g/100 g) was the least abundant (p<0.05) EEA across all insect meals. MUFA were predominantly higher (p<0.05) in E. delegorguei (59.53 g/100 g) and WTO (52.05 g/100 g), respectively, while PUFA (29.11 g/100 g) and omega 6 (n-6) fatty acids (26.92 g/100 g) concentration were higher (p<0.05) in M. falciger, but omega 3 (n-3) fatty acids (12.41 g/100 g) dominated in S. gregaria. In conclusion, the selected African insects could be utilised in human and livestock diets to supply protein, essential amino acids and fatty acids. Hence, their mass production could help improve the overall availability of conventional edible insects in the market.
Hyperspectral Method Integrated with Machine Learning to Predict the Acidity and Soluble Solid Content Values of Kiwi Fruit During the Storage Period
Authors: Mansourialam Amir , Rasekh Mansour , Ardabili Sina , Dadkhah Majid , Mosavi Amir 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Non-destructive evaluation is advancing in examining the properties of fruits. Kiwi fruit stands out as one of the popular fruits globally. Due to the influence of various environmental factors and storage conditions, diligent checking and storage of this fruit are essential. Therefore, monitoring changes in its properties during storage in cold storage facilities is crucial. One nondestructive method utilised in recent years to investigate changes in fruit texture is the hyperspectral method. This study uses the support vector machine (SVM) method to assess hyperspectral method‘s effectiveness in examining property changes in four kiwi varieties during storage in addition to predicting the properties such as acidity and soluble solid content. The evaluation of the predictive machine learning model revealed an accuracy of 95% in predicting acidity and soluble solid content (SSC) changes in kiwi fruit during storage. Further, investigations found that the support vector machine method provided relatively lower accuracy and sensitivity in identifying product variety during storage, with an average accuracy ranging from about 91% to 94%. These findings suggest that integrating machine learning methods with outputs from techniques like hyperspectral imaging enhances the non-destructive detection capability of fruits. This integration transforms obtained results into practical outcomes, serving as an interface between software and hardware.
Integration of IoT Technology in Hydroponic Systems for Enhanced Efficiency and Productivity in Small-Scale Farming
Authors: Aurasopon Apinan , Thongleam Thawatchai , Kuankid Sanya 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
As global population growth and decreasing arable land create a demand for increased food production, hydroponic farming is gaining popularity due to its numerous advantages over traditional agriculture. However, high costs and limited accessibility of commercial hydroponic systems remain a challenge for small-scale farmers, especially in developing countries. This research paper presents a novel hydroponic system that leverages the Internet of Things (IoT) technology to enhance small-scale agriculture through the monitoring of crucial parameters such as electrical conductivity (EC), pH levels, temperature, and humidity. The system integrates wireless sensor nodes that send data to a central control unit for real-time monitoring and adjustments. A comparative analysis between a semi-automatic control system and a conventional control system demonstrated that the semi-automatic system resulted in enhanced plant growth, especially in Red Cos lettuce, leading to increased yields. The research emphasises the significant potential of intelligent hydroponic systems in revolutionising conventional farming techniques and providing valuable support to small-scale farmers.
Inspection of Rubber Parts of Milking Equipment by Non-Destructive Testing Method
Authors: Boďo Štefan , Gálik Roman , Gurdil Gürkan Alp Kagan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The presented study deals with determining the wear of the inner surface of teat cup liners during exploitation based on roughness. The course of wear of the teat cup liner was assessed by an innovative non-destructive method. For this purpose, a measuring stool was made, by which it is possible to measure roughness without disassembling the teat cup liner from the teat cup shell. The wear of the liners was monitored using a roughness meter at randomly selected six stands in a herringbone parlour. In the first measurement in the winter period, the teat cup liners that had been stored on the farm for three years were used. In the second summer measurement, the liners were purchased before their use. When comparing the R
a and R
z parameters from the first and second measurements in both cases, there are statistically significant differences in the measured values in favour of the second measurement (P = 0.000 <0.05). The average roughness values R
a, R
z in the first measurement were 0.721 μm and 3.282 μm and in the second measurement 0.484 μm and 2.43 μm. There is a zero degree of connection between the roughness of the teat cup liners and the time of use, i.e. there is very little or no correlation. From our observations, it follows that the deteriorated quality parameters of the roughness of the liners in the first measurement were caused by using inappropriately stored liners. The new method for checking the condition of liners has proven itself in practice. The method is fast, less laborious, and results are available in a shorter time for further evaluation and drawing conclusions for the company manager.
Resilient Regional Labour Markets as Triggers of Innovation Success during Crises: Perspective of EU Innovation Leaders
Authors: Fišera Tomáš , Vaníček Bernard 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Despite the growing interest in the impact of economic crises on regional labour markets, innovation, and regional resilience, the relationship between these economic aspects remains under-researched in the context of these crises. This research aims to fill this gap by investigating how regional labour markets affect the innovation success of European Union countries. We focus on analysing the impact of female and youth unemployment, labour costs, and hours worked on the innovation success of 22 European Union countries over the period 2013–2021, with a special focus on countries identified as innovation leaders in the European Union. Using regression analysis, we find that higher female unemployment and lower hours worked have a positive effect on innovation success. Higher labour costs then have a negative impact on innovation success in the European Union but are not significant for the innovation leaders’ success, providing new insights into the complex relationship between the labour market and innovation success. Through a Difference-in-Differences analysis, we additionally demonstrate that there is a causal effect, revealing a greater decline in innovation success among innovation leaders with the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the remaining (control) 18 European states. The study further highlights the critical role of targeted social and employment policies in enhancing innovation performance, emphasising the need for tailored strategies to support vulnerable labour market groups, and provides directions for future research to explore these dynamics in greater depth.
Esports between the Sports and Entertainment Industry: In Search of Division Lines
Authors: Gábriš Tomáš , Hamuľák Ondrej , Kocharyan Hovsep , Ramil Pablo Martínez 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The growing popularity and expansion of esports have prompted an academic and legal debate, where its classification as either a sport or a form of entertainment remains unclear. This article explores the dual nature of esports, providing an overview of the legal and regulatory challenges it presents. It opens the discussion by addressing the space occupied by esports, distinguishing it from the traditional understanding of analogue sports while introducing the role of various stakeholders. The article then delves into the legal discussion taking place at the EU level, exploring also how the national legal reality of some Member States approach esports. The study highlights the urgency of finding a balanced approach that recognises esports as a hybrid entity, necessitating a regulatory model that draws from both sports law and entertainment law. Furthermore, the article complements the analysis by addressing emerging normative systems within esports, including autonomous governance structures and the potential need for state intervention to address issues such as doping, match-fixing, and the protection of minors. By analysing the existing legal frameworks in non-EU countries, particularly in Asia and North America, the authors suggest that esports needs to be approached as a new type of sport—a perspective that should be reflected in future EU regulations.
SARS CoV-2 in tumor tissue in glioblastoma patients – preliminary study
Authors: Brzozowski Michal , Kolesnik Marcin , Michalski Aleksander , Drop Katarzyna , Polz-Dacewicz Malgorzata 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection often causes neurological disorders. Experimental studies on an animal model have shown that SARS-CoV-2 is able to cross the blood-brain barrier. Researchers have also discovered that SARS-CoV-2 can infect glial cells. Gliomas are the most common type of brain tumor. Oncological patients are at high risk of infections, including SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, their weakened immunity causes the level of antibodies after infection or vaccination to be lower than in the healthy population. Therefore, the aim of our study was to evaluate the occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in tumor tissue collected during surgery. We also tested the level of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in these patients. The obtained results indicate the tropism of the virus to tumor tissue – glioblastoma. The level of anti-SARS antibodies was higher in patients with SARS-CoV-2 RNA detected in tumour tissue.
Whole genome sequencing and analysis of a goose-derived Mycoplasma gallisepticum in Guangdong Province, China
Authors: Zhou Yuanyuan , Song Shuti , Li Weihuo , Jia Yixin , Li Yangshuo , Liang Jingyi , Yao Zhaofeng , Zhang Nan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction

Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) infection is a primary cause of chronic respiratory disease in poultry, threatening the economic viability of China’s goose-farming industry. This study investigated the pathogenicity and drug resistance of an MG strain isolated from geese and whole-genome sequenced the strain.

Material and Methods
A strain designated MG-GD01/22 was isolated from the air-sac tissues of five geese with chronic respiratory disease on a Guangdong goose farm. Its pathogenicity was assessed, antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed using agar dilution, and its total DNA was extracted for whole-genome sequencing and gene function annotation with second- and third-generation sequencing technologies. The homology of the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) region was analysed and a phylogenetic tree was constructed, as was an evolutionary tree of the mgc2 gene. Gene co-linearity analysis was performed to compare MG-GD01/22 with the strains in the GenBank database.

Results
The isolate produced “fried egg” colonies and was pathogenic to goslings. It was resistant to enrofloxacin, danofloxacin and spectinomycin and susceptible to valnemulin, tilmicosin, tylosin, acetylisovaleryltylosin tartrate and tiamulin. The genome analysis revealed 1,666 coding genes. Gene database annotation identified 25 virulence-related genes, 22 drug resistance–related genes, 13 pathogen-host–interaction genes and 9 carbohydrate-active enzyme genes. The isolate exhibited 99.9% homology to the MG S6 strain by its 16S rRNA, while the mgc2 gene typing results indicated that it differed from known MG model strains. The genome of MG-GD01/22 showed high homology but poor co-linearity with MG S6, characterised by numerous gene deletions, inversions and displacements.

Conclusion
This study offers theoretical references for the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of MG in geese in the Guangdong region.
Isotropic Elastic and Plastic Deformation in Parallel Rheological Framework Models
Authors: Hančinová Martina , Dubňanská Erika , Huňady Róbert , Hagara Martin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper deals with the calibration of the polymer material PPC3TF2 using the PRF (Parallel Rheological Framework) material model implemented in the commercial software Abaqus. In order to reduce computational time, the unit cube model was used for the simulations. The coefficients initially calculated in Excel were used as input values to create the material model. For the most accurate results, the coefficients were optimized in Isight software.
A Low-Cost Vehicle Assistance System for Detection of Critical Driving Situations
Authors: Hlavatý Michal , Cigánek Ján , Kozáková Alena , Kučera Erik , Haffner Oto 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The paper presents a low-cost driver fatigue detection camera system for older car models that do not have built-in fatigue detection systems. Based on a review of current solutions and image processing methods for face and eye detection, the Viola-Jones method for face detection and the cascade regression for eye detection were selected to enable real-time detection via smartphones and avoid the high cost of traditional systems. The proposed system has been successfully tested with real-time video under laboratory conditions.