bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A stellar census in globular clusters with MUSE: multiple populations chemistry in NGC 2808
Authors: Latour M. , Husser T.-O. , Giesers B. , Kamann S. , Göttgens F. , Dreizler S. , Brinchmann J. , Bastian N. , Wendt M. , Weilbacher P. M. , Molinski N. S. 
Published: September 2019

Context. Galactic globular clusters (GCs) are now known to host multiple populations displaying particular abundance variations. The different populations within a GC can be well distinguished following their position in the pseudo two-colors diagrams, also referred to as “chromosome maps”. These maps are constructed using optical and near-UV photometry available from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) UV survey of GCs. However, the chemical tagging of the various populations in the chromosome maps is hampered by the fact that HST photometry and elemental abundances are both only available for a limited number of stars.
Aims. The spectra collected as part of the MUSE survey of globular clusters provide a spectroscopic counterpart to the HST photometric catalogs covering the central regions of GCs. In this paper, we use the MUSE spectra of 1115 red giant branch (RGB) stars in NGC 2808 to characterize the abundance variations seen in the multiple populations of this cluster.
Methods. We used the chromosome map of NGC 2808 to divide the RGB stars into their respective populations. We then combined the spectra of all stars belonging to a given population, resulting in one high signal-to-noise ratio spectrum representative of each population.
Results. Variations in the spectral lines of O, Na, Mg, and Al are clearly detected among four of the populations. In order to quantify these variations, we measured equivalent width differences and created synthetic populations spectra that were used to determine abundance variations with respect to the primordial population of the cluster. Our results are in good agreement with the values expected from previous studies based on high-resolution spectroscopy. We do not see any significant variations in the spectral lines of Ca, K, and Ba. We also do not detect abundance variations among the stars belonging to the primordial population of NGC 2808.
Conclusions. We demonstrate that in spite of their low resolution, the MUSE spectra can be used to investigate abundance variations in the context of multiple populations.
DDS: The Dynamic Deployment System
Authors: Lebedev Andrey , Manafov Anar 
Published: September 2019

The Dynamic Deployment System (DDS) [1, 2] is a tool-set that automates and significantly simplifies the deployment of user-defined processes and their dependencies on any resource management system (RMS) using a given topology. DDS is a part of the ALFA framework [3].
DDS implements a single responsibility principle command line tool-set and API. The system treats users’ taskas a black box – it can be an executable or a script. It also provides a watchdogging and a rule-based execution of tasks. DDS implements a plug-in system to abstract the execution of the topology from RMS. Additionally it ships an SSH and a localhost plug-ins which can be used when no RMS is available. DDS doesn’t require pre-installation and pre-configuration on the worker nodes. It deploys private facilities on demand with isolated sandboxes.The system provides a key-value property propagation engine. That engine can be used to configure tasks at runtime. DDS also provides a lightweight API for tasks to exchange messages, so-called, custom commands.
In this report a detailed description, current status and future development plans of the DDS will be highlighted.
Felix Based Readout of The Single-Phase Protodune Detector
Authors: Borga Andrea , Church Eric , Filthaut Frank , Gamberini Enrico , Paul de Jong , Habraken René , Lehmann Miotto Giovanna , Miedema Thijs , Schreuder Frans , Schumacher Jörn , Sipos Roland , Vermeulen Milo , Wood Lynn 
Published: September 2019

The liquid argon Time Projection Chamber technique has matured and is now in use by several short-baseline neutrino experiments. This technology will be used in the long-baseline DUNE experiment; however, this experiment represents a large increase in scale, for which the technology needs to be validated explicitly. To this end, both the single-phase and dual-phase implementations of the technology are being tested at CERN in two full-scale (10 × 10 × 10 m3) ProtoDUNE setups. Besides the detector technology, these setups also allow for extensive tests of readout strategies.The Front-End LInk eXchange (FELIX) system was initially developed within the ATLAS collaboration and is based on custom FPGA-based PCIe I/O cards in combination with commodity servers. FELIX will be used in the single-phase ProtoDUNE setup to read the data coming from 2560 anode wires organized in a single Anode Plane Assembly structure. With a sampling rate of 2 MHz, the system must buffer and process an input rate of 74 Gb/s. Event building requests will arrive at a target rate of 25 Hz, and loss-less compression must reduce the data within the requested time windows before it is sent to the experiment’s event building farm.This paper discusses the design of the system as well as first operational experiences.
The Impact of Applying Wildcards to Disabled Modules for Ftk Pattern Banks on Efficiency and Data Flow
Authors: Bouaouda Khalil , Schmitt Stefan , Benchekroun Driss 
Published: September 2019

Online selection is an essential step to collect the most relevant collisions from the very large number of collisions inside the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The Fast TracKer (FTK) is a hardware based track finder, built to greatly improve the ATLAS trigger system capabilities for identifying interesting physics processes through track-based signatures. The FTK is reconstructing after each Level-1 trigger all tracks with pT > 1 GeV, such that the high-level trigger system gains access to track information at an early stage. FTK track reconstruction starts with a pattern recognition step. Patterns are found with hits in seven out of eight possible detector layers.
Disabled detector modules, as often encountered during LHC operation, lead to efficiency losses. To recover efficiency, WildCards (WC) algorithms are implemented in the FTK system. The WC algorithm recovers inefficiency but also causes high combinatorial background and thus increased data volumes in the FTK system, possibly exceeding hardware limitations. To overcome this, a refined algorithm to select patterns is developed and investigated in this article.
The XENON1T Data Distribution and Processing Scheme
Authors: Ahlin Daniel , Bauermeister Boris , Conrad Jan , Gardner Robert , Grandi Luca , Riedel Benedikt , Shockley Evan , Stephen Judith , Sundblad Ragnar , Thapa Suchandra , Tunnell Christopher 
Published: September 2019

The XENON experiment is looking for non-baryonic particle dark matter in the universe. The setup is a dual phase time projection chamber (TPC) filled with 3200 kg of ultra-pure liquid xenon. The setup is operated at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) in Italy. We present a full overview of the computing scheme for data distribution and job management in XENON1T. The software package Rucio, which is developed by the ATLAS collaboration, facilitates data handling on Open Science Grid (OSG) and European Grid Infrastructure (EGI) storage systems. A tape copy at the Centre for High Performance Computing (PDC) is managed by the Tivoli Storage Manager (TSM). Data reduction and Monte Carlo production are handled by CI Connect which is integrated into the OSG network. The job submission system connects resources at the EGI, OSG, SDSC’s Comet, and the campus HPC resources for distributed computing.
The previous success in the XENON1T computing scheme is also the starting point for its successor experiment XENONnT, which starts to take data in autumn 2019.
Providing large-scale disk storage at CERN
Authors: Rousseau Hervé , Chan Kwok Cheong Belinda , Contescu Cristian , Espinal Curull Xavier , Iven Jan , Gonzalez Labrador Hugo , Lamanna Massimo , Lo Presti Giuseppe , Mascetti Luca , Moscicki Jakub , van der Ster Dan 
Published: September 2019

The CERN IT Storage group operates multiple distributed storage systems and is responsible for the support of the infrastructure to accommodate all CERN storage requirements, from the physics data generated by LHC and non-LHC experiments to the personnel users' files.
EOS is now the key component of the CERN Storage strategy. It allows to operate at high incoming throughput for experiment data-taking while running concurrent complex production work-loads. This high-performance distributed storage provides now more than 250PB of raw disks and it is the key component behind the success of CERNBox, the CERN cloud synchronisation service which allows syncing and sharing files on all major mobile and desktop platforms to provide offline availability to any data stored in the EOS infrastructure. CERNBox recorded an exponential growth in the last couple of year in terms of files and data stored thanks to its increasing popularity inside CERN users community and thanks to its integration with a multitude of other CERN services (Batch, SWAN, Microsoft Office).
In parallel CASTOR is being simplified and transitioning from an HSM into an archival system, focusing mainly in the long-term data recording of the primary data from the detectors, preparing the road to the next-generation tape archival system, CTA.
The storage services at CERN cover as well the needs of the rest of our community: Ceph as data back-end for the CERN OpenStack infrastructure, NFS services and S3 functionality; AFS for legacy home directory filesystem services and its ongoing phase-out and CVMFS for software distribution. In this paper we will summarise our experience in supporting all our distributed storage system and the ongoing work in evolving our infrastructure, testing very-dense storage building block (nodes with more than 1PB of raw space) for the challenges waiting ahead.
A Git-based Conditions Database backend for LHCb
Authors: Clemencic Marco 
Published: September 2019

LHCb has been using the CERN/IT developed Conditions Database library COOL for several years, during LHC Run 1 and Run 2. With the opportunity window of the second long shutdown of LHC, in preparation for Run 3 and the upgraded LHCb detector, we decided to investigate alternatives to COOL as Conditions Database backend. In particular, given our conditions and detector description data model, we investigated the possibility of reusing the internal Git repository database as a conditions storage, and we adopted it since 2017 data taking. The adoption of Git gave us improved performance, smaller storage size and simplified maintenance and deployment.
In this paper we describe the implementation of our Git Conditions Database and the way it simplified our detector description and conditions development workflow.
Extending ROOT through Modules
Authors: Shadura Oksana , Bockelman Brian Paul , Vassilev Vassil 
Published: September 2019

The ROOT software framework is foundational for the HEP ecosystem, providing multiple capabilities such as I/O, a C++ interpreter, GUI, and math libraries. It uses object-oriented concepts and build-time components to layer between them. We believe that a new layering formalism will benefit the ROOT user community.
We present the modularization strategy for ROOT which aims to build upon the existing source components, making available the dependencies and other metadata outside of the build system, and allow post-install additions on top of existing installation as well as in the ROOT runtime environment. Components can be grouped into packages and made available from repositories in order to provide a post-install step of missing packages. This feature implements a mechanism for the more comprehensive software ecosystem and makes it available even from a minimal ROOT installation. As part of this work, we have reduced inter-component dependencies in order to improve maintainability. The modularization effort draws inspiration from similar efforts in the Java, Python, and Swift ecosystems. Keeping aligned with modern C++, this strategy relies on forthcoming features such as C++ modules. We hope formalizing the component layer provides simpler ROOT installs, improves extensibility, and decreases the complexity of embedding ROOT in other ecosystems.
Floating-point profiling of ACTS using Verrou
Authors: Grasland Hadrien , Févotte François , Lathuilière Bruno , Chamont David 
Published: September 2019

Floating-point computations play a central role in scientific computing. Achieving high numerical stability in these computations affects not just correctness, but also computing efficiency, by accelerating the convergence of iterative methods and expanding the available choices of precision. The ACTS project aims at establishing an experiment-agnostic track reconstruction toolkit. It originates from the ATLAS Run2 tracking software and has already received strong adoption by FCC-hh. It is also being evaluated for possible use by the CLICdp and Belle 2 experiments.
In this study, Verrou, a Valgrind-based tool for dynamic instrumentation of floating-point computations, was applied to the ACTS codebase for the dual purpose of evaluating its numerical stability and investigating possible avenues for use of reduced-precision arithmetic.
Deep Learning Approach to Track Reconstruction in the upgraded VELO
Authors: Rinnert Kurt , Cristoforetti Marco 
Published: September 2019

The LHCb experiment will undergo a major upgrade for LHC Run III, scheduled to start taking data in 2021. In order to exploit the full physics potential of the upgraded detector, LHCb will employ a high level event filter entirely implemented in software. The event filter has to operate in real time at the 40 MHz LHC bunch crossing rate. The LHCb collaboration is currently exploring a variety of new new computing paradigms in order to cope with the challenges posed by the high data taking rates.
One contribution to this effort is the application of Machine Learning (ML) techniques to particle track reconstruction.
We explore an ML approach to the track reconstruction in the upgraded LHCb Vertex Locator (VELO). The reconstruction algorithm is evaluated with fully simulated Minimum-Bias data that reflects the input to the real time event filter. We have achieved a reasonable track reconstruction efficiency and low ghost rate with our first approach and are currently exploring several methods to further quality of the track reconstruction.
CAOS: a tool for OpenStack accounting management
Authors: Andreetto Paolo , Chiarello Fabrizio , Traldi Sergio 
Published: September 2019

The analysis and understanding of resources utilization in shared infrastructures, such as cloud environments, is crucial in order to provide better performance, administration and capacity planning.
The management of resource usage of the OpenStack-based cloud infrastructures hosted at INFN-Padova, the Cloud Area Padovana and the INFN-PADOVA-STACK instance of the EGI Federated cloud, started with the deployment of Ceilometer, the OpenStack component responsible for collecting and managing accounting information. However, by using Ceilometer alone we found some limiting problems related to the way it handles information: among others, the imbalance between storage and data retention requirements, and the complexity in computing custom metrics.
In this contribution we present a tool, called CAOS, which we have been implementing to overcome the aforementioned issues. CAOS collects, manages and presents the data concerning resource usage of our OpenStack-based cloud infrastructures. By gathering data from both the Ceilometer service and Open-Stack API, CAOS enables us to track resource usage at different levels (e.g. per project), in such a way that both current and past consumption ofresources can be easily determined, stored and presented.
Evidenzbasierte Medizin: Was ist ihre Bedeutung in der aktuellen kieferorthopädischen Praxis
Authors: DiBiase Andrew T. , Cobourne Martyn T. 
Published: September 2019

ZusammenfassungDer vorliegende Beitrag hat zum Ziel, das Konzept der evidenzbasierten Medizin für die Kieferorthopädie vorzustellen. Dazu werden Geschichte und Philosophie der evidenzbasierten Medizin ebenso diskutiert, wie ihre Implementierung in die tägliche kieferorthopädische Praxis. Der Einfluss der evidenzbasierten Medizin wird dann am Beispiel der Frühbehandlung von Dysgnathien der Klassen III und II, der kieferorthopädischen Bewegung von Zähnen und der skelettalen Verankerung demonstriert. Damit eröffnet sich eine moderne Perspektive auf die bewährtesten Behandlungsverfahren in diesen klinischen Bereichen.
Die Anwendung von Protrusionsschienen zur Behandlung des obstruktiven Schlafapnoe-Syndroms bei erwachsenen Patienten
Authors: Michelotti Ambra , Parenti Serena Incerti , Martina Stefano , Bonetti Giulio Alessandri 
Published: September 2019

ZusammenfassungDie obstruktive Schlafapnoe (OSA) ist gekennzeichnet durch wiederholte Episoden mit totalem oder partiellem Verschluss der oberen Atemwege während des Schlafs mit resultierender Schlaffragmentierung und Sauerstoffentsättigung. Diese schlafbezogene Atmungsstörung ist mit Müdigkeit während des Tages, verminderter Lebensqualität, eingeschränkter Arbeitsleistung, neurokognitiven Einschränkungen, einem erhöhten Risiko von Unfällen mit Kraftfahrzeugen und langfristig mit einem erhöhten Risiko kardiovaskulärer Morbidität und Mortalität verbunden.Die nasale kontinuierliche Überdruckbeatmung (nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure, nCPAP) erhält über eine Nasenmaske, die während des Schlafs getragen wird, einen Überdruck in den oberen Atemwegen aufrecht und stellt aktuell die wirksamste Behandlungsoption für OSA-Patienten dar. Die Therapieadhärenz ist jedoch gering. Die Verfügbarkeit alternativer Behandlungsoptionen ist deshalb von größter Bedeutung. Unterkieferprotrusionsschienen (UPS), die den Unterkiefer in einer nach vorn verlagerten Position halten, um so einen Verschluss der oberen Atemwege während des Schlafs zu verhindern, stellen eine weniger invasive, angenehmere und kostengünstigere Behandlungsalternative für Patienten mit leichter bis mäßiger OSA dar, die die nCPAP-Therapie nicht tolerieren, nicht auf sie ansprechen oder für die sie nicht infrage kommt. Die Vorverlagerung des Unterkiefers führt zu einer Volumenvergrößerung der oberen Atemwege, einer Erweiterung der lateralen Ausdehnung des Velopharynx, einer Straffung der Zungenmuskulatur, die dem Zurückfallen der Zunge während des Schlafs entgegenwirkt, sowie zu einer Vorverlagerung des Zungenbeins und einer Stabilisierung der Epiglottis und des Gaumensegels, was einer posterioren Kieferrotation vorbeugt. Die Behandlung mit einer Unterkieferprotrusionsschiene (UPS) stellt eine therapeutische Möglichkeit dar, um eine solche Vorverlagerung des Kiefers zu erzielen.In diesem Artikel untersuchen wir die Anwendungsgebiete, die Wirksamkeit, die Bedeutung in der klinischen Praxis und die unerwünschten Wirkungen von Protrusionsschienen zur Behandlung der OSA.
The Florida Sleeve Procedure Is Durable and Improves Aortic Valve Function
Authors: Aalaei-Andabili Seyed Hossein , Martin Tomas D. , Hess Philip J. , Karimi Ashkan , Bavry Anthony A. , Arnaoutakis George J. , Beaver Thomas M. 
Published: September 2019

Background The Florida (FL) Sleeve procedure was introduced as a simplified approach for valve-sparing correction of functional Type I aortic insufficiency (AI) associated with aortic root aneurysms. In this study, short- and long-term outcomes after the FL Sleeve procedure were investigated.
Methods From May 2002 to January 2016, 177 patients underwent the FL Sleeve procedure. Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic diameter, left ventricular ejection fraction, and degree of AI (none = 0, minimal = 1, mild = 2, moderate = 3, severe = 4) were evaluated by echocardiography.
Results Mean ± standard deviation of age was 49.41 ± 15.37 years. Survival rate was 98% at 1 year, 97% at 5 years, and 93% at 8 years. Freedom from reoperation was 99% at 1 year and 98% at 2 to 8 years. Three patients (1.69%) died during hospitalization. Three patients (1.69%) developed periprocedural stroke. Postoperative follow-up echocardiography was available in 140 patients at 30 days, and 31 patients at 5 years. AI grade significantly improved from baseline at 30 days (2.18 ± 1.26 vs. 1.1 ± 0.93, p < 0.001) and at 5 years (2.0 ± 1.23 vs. 1.45 ± 0.88, p = 0.04). Preoperative mean LVEDD significantly decreased from 52.20 ± 6.73 to 46.87 ± 8.40 (p < 0.001) at 30 days, and from 53.22 ± 7.07 to 46.61 ± 10.51 (p = 0.01) at 5 years.
Conclusions The FL Sleeve procedure is a safe, effective, and durable treatment of aortic root aneurysm and Type I AI. Long-term survival and freedom from reoperation rates are encouraging.
Accuracy of Flash Glucose Monitoring in a Patient with Dravet Syndrome on a Ketogenic Diet
Authors: Kortas Aline , Schiller Katharina , Unterholzner Gabriele , Rauchenzauner Markus 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe herein report the case of a 3-year-old girl with severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy known as Dravet syndrome (DS) on a ketogenic diet (KD) whose glucose concentrations were controlled by using a flash glucose monitoring system. Two-hundred ninety-three events of moderate hypoglycemia with a minimum of 45 mg/dL, not related to day or night, were recorded during the observational period. Hypoglycemia rate declined from 24.5% of all measurements to 11.8% over time; one hypoglycemia-associated seizure and one seizure due to ketone concentrations below the therapeutic range were observed. In summary, this case report broadens our understanding of hypoglycemia risk in patients with DS on a KD. Especially in childhood, the painless and easy detection of low glucose concentrations might lead to improved cognitive performance, and the reduction of hypoglycemia-induced seizures.
αvβ3-integrin regulates PD-L1 expression and is involved in cancer immune evasion
Authors: Vannini Andrea , Leoni Valerio , Barboni Catia , Sanapo Mara , Zaghini Anna , Malatesta Paolo , Campadelli-Fiume Gabriella , Gianni Tatiana 
Published: September 2019

SignificanceThe PD-1/PD-L1 axis is a master player in the tumor immune evasion strategy. Checkpoint inhibitors, including anti–PD-1/PD-L1, are revolutionizing cancer immunotherapy. There is intense interest in dissecting their regulation and improving their application, mainly by combination therapies. The significance of the current findings is 2-fold. Our results suggest αvβ3-integrin as a critical regulator of PD-L1 expression and a key component of the tumor immune evasion machinery. Indeed, αvβ3-integrin depletion impairs tumor growth and elicits immunotherapeutic protection. Second, αvβ3-integrin blockade primes tumors for anti–PD-1 therapy and induces durable anticancer immune protection when combined with anti–PD-1 therapy. αvβ3-integrin is a readily druggable target that adds to the list of molecules suitable for combinatorial cancer immunotherapy.