bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
25‐hydroxyvitamin D and health service utilization for asthma in early childhood
Authors: Omand Jessica A. , To Teresa , O'Connor Deborah L. , Parkin Patricia C. , Birken Catherine S. , Thorpe Kevin E. , Maguire Jonathon L. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundAsthma is the most common chronic illness of childhood and a common reason for hospital admission. Studies suggest that low vitamin D levels may be associated with health service utilization (HSU) for childhood asthma. The primary objective was to determine if vitamin D serum levels in early childhood were associated with HSU for asthma including: a) hospital admissions; b) emergency department visits; and c) outpatient sick visits. Secondary objectives were to determine whether vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy or childhood were associated with HSU for asthma.MethodsProspective cohort study of children participating in the TARGet Kids! practice‐based research network between 2008 and 2013 in Toronto, Canada. HSU was determined by linking each child's provincial health insurance number to health administrative databases. Multivariable quasi‐Poisson and logistic regression were used to evaluate the association between 25‐hydroxyvitamin D concentrations, vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy, and childhood and HSU for asthma.ResultsA total of 2926 healthy children aged 0‐6 years had 25‐hydroxyvitamin D data available and were included in the primary analysis. Mean (IQR) 25‐hydroxyvitmain D level was 84 nmol/L (65‐98 nmol/L), 218 and 1267 children had 25‐hydroxyvitamin D concentrations <50 nmol/L and <75 nmol/L, respectively. In the adjusted models, there were no associations between 25‐hydroxyvitamin D concentrations (continuously or dichotomized at 50 and 75 nmol/L), vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy or childhood and HSU for asthma.ConclusionsVitamin D blood values do not appear to be associated with HSU for asthma in this population of healthy urban children.
Board leadership and governance for clear-sighted CEO succession at Air New Zealand
Authors: Cikaliuk Monique , Eraković Ljiljana , Jackson Brad , Noonan Chris , Watson Susan 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn this case study we address the issue of CEO succession drawing directly on the experience of the board of directors of Air New Zealand. Despite extensive literature on CEO-board relations, there has been a scarce number of studies on managing the processes of CEO succession and appointment from the board perspective. Drawing on documentary sources as well as in-depth interviews with all board members and CEOs appointed in the period 2002–2013, we shed light on this important governance process primarily for teaching purposes. We emphasise the board’s role in the context of the transformation of the airline into an award-winning, financially performing company in a highly competitive and mature industry. The case study examines how the board developed, implemented, and managed a succession process for three CEOs that was sound in design and achieved its desired benefits. By focusing on board leadership and board processes our case study provides evidence that independent boards can shape a specific combination of governance practices which contribute to successful CEO transitions.
Identification of active and taxonomically diverse 1,4-dioxane degraders in a full-scale activated sludge system by high-sensitivity stable isotope probing
Authors: Aoyagi Tomo , Morishita Fumiaki , Sugiyama Yutaka , Ichikawa Daisuke , Mayumi Daisuke , Kikuchi Yoshitomo , Ogata Atsushi , Muraoka Kenji , Habe Hiroshi , Hori Tomoyuki 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
1,4-Dioxane is one of the most common and persistent artificial pollutants in petrochemical industrial wastewaters and chlorinated solvent groundwater plumes. Despite its possible biological treatment in natural environments, the identity and dynamics of the microorganisms involved are largely unknown. Here, we identified active and diverse 1,4-dioxane-degrading microorganisms from activated sludge by high-sensitivity stable isotope probing of rRNA. By rigorously analyzing 16S rRNA molecules in RNA density fractions of 13C-labeled and unlabeled 1,4-dioxane treatments, we discovered 10 significantly 13C-incorporating microbial species from the complex microbial community. 16S rRNA expression assays revealed that 9 of the 10 species, including the well-known degrader Pseudonocardia dioxanivorans, an ammonia-oxidizing bacterium and phylogenetically novel bacteria, increased their metabolic activities shortly after exposure to 1,4-dioxane. Moreover, high-resolution monitoring showed that, during a single year of operation of the full-scale activated sludge system, the nine identified species exhibited yearly averaged relative abundances of 0.001–1.523%, and yet showed different responses to changes in the 1,4-dioxane removal efficiency. Hence, the co-existence and individually distinct dynamics of various 1,4-dioxane-degrading microorganisms, including hitherto unidentified species, played pivotal roles in the maintenance of the biological system removing the recalcitrant pollutant.
Abnormal expressions of AGEs, TGF-β1, BDNF and their receptors in diabetic rat colon–Associations with colonic morphometric and biomechanical remodeling
Authors: Sha Hong , Tong Xiaolin , Zhao Jingbo 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPresent study aims to investigate the role of AGEs, TGF-β1, BDNF and their receptors on diabetes-induced colon remodeling. Diabetes was induced by a single tail vein injection 40 mg/kg of STZ. The parameters of morphometric and biomechanical properties of colonic segments were obtained from diabetic and normal rats. The expressions of AGE, RAGE, TGF- β1, TGF- β1 receptor, BDNF and TrkB were immunohistochemically detected in different layers of the colon. The expressions of AGE, RAGE, TGF-β1 and TGF- β1 receptor were increased whereas BDNF and TrkB were decreased in the diabetic colon (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). AGE, RAGE and TGF-β1 receptor expressions were positively correlated whereas the BDNF expression was negatively correlated with most of the morphometry and biomechanical parameters (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.001). AGE, TGF- β1 and BDNF in different layers correlated with their receptors RAGE, TGF- β1 receptor and TrkB respectively. STZ-induced diabetes up-regulated the expression of AGE, RAGE, TGF- β1 and TGF- β1 receptors and down-regulated BDNF and TrkB in different layers of diabetic colon mainly due to hyperglycemia. Such changes maybe important for diabetes-induced colon remodeling, however it is needed to further perform mechanistic experiments in order to study causality or approaches that explain the relevance of the molecular pathways.
Similar function and complications for patients with short versus long hip nailing for unstable pertrochanteric fractures
Authors: Galanopoulos Ioannis P. , Mavrogenis Andreas F. , Megaloikonomos Panayiotis D. , Vottis Christos T. , Mitsiokapa Evanthia , Koulouvaris Panayiotis , Mastrokalos Dimitrios S. , Papagelopoulos Panayiotis J. , Kontogeorgakos Vasilios A. 
Published: June 2018

Purpose: To compare short with long intramedullary hip nailing for elderly patients with unstable pertrochanteric fractures.
Methods: We prospectively studied 50 patients (33 women, 17 men; mean age, 80 years; range, 74–93 years) with unstable pertrochanteric fractures admitted and treated with a short (group A) or a long (group B) intramedullary hip nail from January 2013 to 2017. The patients were randomly allocated into each group according to their order of admission. The mean follow-up was 2 years (range, 1–5 years). We evaluated operative time, function, fracture healing, varus/valgus loss of reduction, and distance between the distal line of the fracture and the distal locking screw of the nail.
Results: Operative time was significantly shorter in group A. Function, fracture healing and varus/valgus loss of reduction was similar between the two groups. The mean distance between the distal fracture line and distal locking screw was 7.2 cm (range, 3–10 cm) in patients of group A; in all patients of group B, an appropriate nail length was chosen so that the distal locking screw was inserted at least 3 times the diameter of the bone at the distal fracture line. Complications included periprosthetic fracture (one patient of group A), and z-effect phenomenon (one patient of group B); complications rate was similar between the two groups.
Conclusion: Short intramedullary hip nailing is associated with similar function and complications, but shorter operative time compared to long intramedullary hip nails for patients with unstable pertrochanteric fractures.
Comparison of Hand-Sewn versus Coupled Venous Anastomoses in Traumatic Lower Extremity Reconstruction
Authors: Rifkin William , Lee Z-Hye , Anzai Lavinia , Jacoby Adam , Ceradini Daniel , Thanik Vishal , Saadeh Pierre , Levine Jamie , Stranix John 
Published: June 2018

Background Microvascular reconstruction of the lower extremity has the highest reported complication and flap failure rates of any anatomical region. Despite widespread adoption of the mechanical anastomotic venous coupler and encouraging results in other anatomical regions, there are limited reports examining its use in the lower extremity. This study compares outcomes between coupled and hand-sewn venous anastomoses in traumatic lower extremity reconstruction.
Methods Retrospective review of our institutional flap registry from 1979 to 2016 identified soft tissue free flaps performed for the reconstruction of Gustilo type IIIB/IIIC open tibial fractures. Patient demographics, flap characteristics, use of a venous anastomotic coupler, and perioperative outcomes were examined. Analysis was performed using chi-square and Student's t-tests.
Results A total of 361 patients received a microvascular free flap for coverage of a Gustilo type IIIB or IIIC tibial fracture following traumatic injury. After excluding cases that lacked adequate information on coupler use, 358 free flaps were included in the study. There were 72 (20%) free flaps performed using a venous coupler and 286 (80%) performed with hand-sewn venous anastomoses. There were comparable rates of major complications (22.2 vs. 26.1%; p = 0.522), total flap failure (6.5%, vs. 10.2%; p = 0.362), and partial flap failure (9.7 vs. 12.2%; p = 0.579) between venous coupler and hand-sewn anastomoses, respectively. Furthermore, use of the venous coupler was not associated with increased rates of operative take backs (22.8 vs. 23.0%; p = 0.974). However, reconstructions performed using a venous coupler were significantly more likely to have a second venous anastomosis performed (37.5 vs. 21.3%; p = 0.004).
Conclusion Complication and flap failure rates were similar between reconstructions performed with a venous coupler and those performed with hand-sewn venous anastomoses. These findings suggest that use of the venous anastomotic coupler is safe and effective in lower extremity reconstruction, with comparable outcomes to conventional sutured anastomoses.
Developing pilgrimage itineraries: the way of St Francis in Umbria as case in point.
Authors: Sal P. de 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

This chapter reflects on new forms of religious tourism, at both the theoretical and scientific levels, in examining the Way of St Francis, which, through the involvement of political and religious authorities, was awarded the 'pilgrim's licence'. In 2011, a new entrepreneurial initiative was created, the 'Umbria and Francesco's Ways' consortium, co-financed by the Region of Umbria (Italy), whose mission is to develop, promote and market the Way of St Francis.
Fighting for the saint: ritual rivalries in traditional pilgrimages.
Authors: Fournier L. S. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

This chapter analyses a number of local pilgrimages in Provence (France), where excesses and rivalry among the parishioners were evident, to the extent of violent combat, as they fought for the honour of serving the saint. The ritual battles have now become an instrument of tourism development, with religious and civil authorities finding ways to make use of this historical and ritualistic heritage.
Globalizing romani culture: the pilgrimage to the sea in Les-Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer (France).
Authors: Loiseau G. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

This chapter examines the cult of Saint Sarah in Saintes Maries de la Mer, in the Camargue (France), where the gypsy saint, who is not officially recognized by the Catholic Church, is the subject of strong devotion among Roma communities. Romani pilgrims return each year to pay homage to Sarah at Saintes Maries de la Mer. The chapter also describes how the cult of Saint Sarah has been exported by tourist-pilgrims to Brazil, and has become an element of Umbanda rituals.
Mixing sport and religion in the landes area of France.
Authors: Lamothe M. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

This chapter explores how certain features of Landes (France) offer a surprising connection between religion and sport, manifested through sites such as the 'Chapel of Our Lady of Rugby' at Larrivière-Saint-Savin, the 'Chapel of Our Lady of the Course Landaise' in Bascons and the 'Chapel of Our Lady of the Cyclists' at Labastide-d'Armagnac. These chapels are real places of worship, dating from the mid-20th century, where tributes are made to both sports and athletes, while attracting many visitors during annual pilgrimages.
A Novel Approach Using Computed Tomography Angiograms to Predict Sternotomy Or Complicated Anastomosis in Patients Undergoing Robotically Assisted Minimally Invasive Direct Coronary Artery Bypass
Authors: Cook Richard C. , Fung Anthony Y. , Percy Edward D. , Mayo John R. 
Published: June 2018

Objective Robotically assisted minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass is an alternative to sternotomy-based surgery in properly selected patients. Identifying the left anterior descending artery when it is deep in the epicardial fat can be particularly challenging through a 5- to 6-cm mini-thoracotomy incision. The objective of this study was to evaluate a technique for predicting conversion to sternotomy or complicated left anterior descending artery anastomosis using preoperative cardiac-gated computed tomography angiograms. Methods Retrospective review of 75 patients who underwent robotically assisted minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass for whom a preoperative computed tomography angiogram was available. The distance from the left anterior descending artery to the myocardium was measured on a standardized “5-chamber” axial computed tomography view. The relative risk of sternotomy or complicated anastomosis was compared between patients whose left anterior descending artery was resting directly on the myocardium (left anterior descending artery to the myocardium distance = 0 mm) with those whose left anterior descending artery was resting above (left anterior descending artery to the myocardium distance > 0 mm). Results The average left anterior descending artery to the myocardium distance was 3.2 ± 2.6 mm (range = 0–11.5 mm). Fourteen patients (18.7%) had an left anterior descending artery to the myocardium distance of 0 mm. Of the entire group of 75 patients, 6 (8.0%) required conversion to sternotomy. Four others (5.3%) were reported to have a complication with the anastomosis intraoperatively. For patients with left anterior descending artery to the myocardium distance of 0 mm, the relative risk of sternotomy or complicated anastomosis was 18.0 (95% confidence interval = 4.3–75.6, P = 0.0001). Conclusions In our experience, patients with left anterior descending artery to the myocardium distance of 0 mm were at significantly higher risk of either conversion to sternotomy or technically challenging anastomosis, with 8 (57.1%) of 14 patients in this group experiencing either end point. This novel measurement may be useful to identify patients who may have anatomy, which is not well suited to the robotically assisted minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass approach.
Adjunct Aripiprazole Reduces Prolactin and Prolactin-Related Adverse Effects in Premenopausal Women With Psychosis
Authors: Kelly Deanna L. , Powell Megan M. , Wehring Heidi J. , Sayer MacKenzie A. , Kearns Ann Marie , Hackman Ann L. , Buchanan Robert W. , Nichols Rebecca B. , Adams Heather A. , Richardson Charles M. , Vyas Gopal , McMahon Robert P. , Earl Amber K. , Sullivan Kelli M. , Liu Fang , Luttrell Sarah E. , Dickerson Faith B. , Feldman Stephanie M. , Narang Supriya , Koola Maju M. , Buckley Peter F. , RachBeisel Jill A. , McEvoy Joseph P. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Purpose/Background
Prolactin-related adverse effects contribute to nonadherence and adverse health consequences, particularly in women with severe mental illness. Treating these adverse effects may improve treatment acceptability, adherence, and long-term outcomes.

Methods/Procedures
Premenopausal women with a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision diagnosis of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or bipolar disorder were recruited for a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled 16-week trial of adjunct aripiprazole (5–15 mg/d). Participants had elevated prolactin (>24 ng/mL) and were experiencing galactorrhea, amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, or sexual dysfunction on a prolactin-elevating antipsychotic. Participants were evaluated biweekly for prolactin elevation and galactorrhea and completed a menstrual diary review. Psychiatric symptoms and adverse effects were closely monitored.

Findings/Results
Forty-six women were randomized (n = 25 aripiprazole, n = 21 placebo). Thirty-seven completed at least 8 weeks of the study (n = 20 [80%] aripiprazole and n = 17 [81%] placebo). Aripiprazole (mean dose, 11.7 ± 2.4 mg/d) was effective for lowering prolactin relative to placebo (P = 0.04). In addition, 45% (9/20) of the aripiprazole group had a normalized prolactin (<24 mg/mL) compared with 12% (2/17) of the placebo group (P = 0.028). Galactorrhea resolved in 77% (10/13) of the aripiprazole-treated participants compared with 33% (4/12) in the placebo group (P = 0.028). Normalization of sexual function (<16 on the Arizona Sexual Experience Scale) occurred in 50% on aripiprazole (7/14) versus 9% (1/11) on placebo (P = 0.030). No differences between groups in symptoms or adverse effects were noted. Overall, women rated a mean score of 4.6 ± 0.6 on a 5-point Likert scale for sexual function improvement, suggesting their particular satisfaction with improvement in this domain.

Implications/Conclusions
Building upon prior studies, this rigorous evaluation confirms the utility of adjunctive aripiprazole as a strategy for improving prolactin and managing prolactin-related adverse effects in premenopausal women with psychosis.
A Preliminary Examination of the Effects of Transdiagnostic Versus Single Diagnosis Protocols on Anger During the Treatment of Anxiety Disorders
Authors: Cassiello-Robbins Clair , Sauer-Zavala Shannon , Wilner Julianne G. , Bentley Kate H. , Conklin Laren R. , Farchione Todd J. , Barlow David H. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Dysregulated anger is often present in the emotional (i.e., anxiety, mood, and related) disorders; however, it is rarely targeted in treatment. Transdiagnostic treatments, which focus on processes that contribute to dysregulated emotions across the range of psychopathology, might represent an efficient way to treat this anger. Using a subset of data from a recently completed equivalency trial comparing the Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders (UP) to single diagnosis protocols (SDPs) for specific disorders, this study began exploring whether the UP led to great reductions in anger compared with the SDPs. Results indicated that there was a small, nonsignificant, decrease in anger in the UP condition, whereas there was a moderate, nonsignificant increase in anger in the SDP condition. At posttreatment, UP patients had significantly lower anger scores than patients who received an SDP. These preliminary results suggest that transdiagnostic treatments may be well poised to target dyregulated anger in the context of emotional disorders.
Vestibular Rehabilitation Is Associated With Visuovestibular Improvement in Pediatric Concussion
Authors: Storey Eileen P. , Wiebe Douglas J. , D'Alonzo Bernadette A. , Nixon-Cave Kim , Jackson-Coty Janet , Goodman Arlene M. , Grady Matthew F. , Master Christina L. 
Published: June 2018

Background and Purpose:Vision and vestibular-related deficits are common after concussion and are associated with prolonged recovery times, substantially impacting the quality of life for children. The utility of targeted vestibular rehabilitation for these deficits in children after concussion is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine whether active vestibular rehabilitation is associated with an improvement in visuovestibular signs and symptoms in children with concussion.Methods:A retrospective cohort study of children diagnosed with concussion and referred to vestibular rehabilitation between 2012 and 2014 was conducted. Patient-reported symptoms and visuovestibular performance measures were assessed in the medical practice and physical therapy settings.Results:One hundred nine children were included in the study with a mean age of 11.8 (3.4) years. Among this group, 59 (54%) were male and 48 (44%) had a sports-related concussion. Children presented to a pediatric sports medicine office and physical therapy a median of 24 (interquartile range [IQR], 14-42) and 55 (IQR, 39-94) days after injury, respectively. Concussion symptoms decreased from a median of 9 (IQR, 5-13) symptoms at initial evaluation to a median of 0 (IQR, 0-2) symptoms at final assessment. Performance on all visuovestibular tasks improved significantly over the course of therapy except for near point of convergence. For the 45 children who completed the Balance Error Scoring System at both initial and final therapy visits, there was a significant improvement in mean level of performance (P< 0.0001). Characteristics between those who completed a full versus partial course of physical therapy were similar.Discussion and Conclusions:Vestibular rehabilitation in children with concussion is associated with improvement in symptoms as well as visuovestibular performance. This active intervention may benefit children with persistent symptoms after concussion. Future prospective studies are needed to determine the efficacy and optimal postinjury timing of vestibular rehabilitation.Video Abstract availablefor more insights from the authors (see Supplemental Digital Content 1, available at: http://links.lww.com/JNPT/A208).
Cyclical Abdominal Pain in an Adolescent Female
Authors: Kelly Geoffrey S. , Baluyot Mariju F. , Anders Jennifer F. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Congenital agenesis of the lower vagina is a rare disorder characterized by separation between the unaffected proximal vagina and the distal vagina by a band of fibrous tissue. The typical presentation is an early adolescent female with chronic, cyclic abdominal pain and primary amenorrhea. In this case report, we describe an adolescent who presented to the pediatric emergency department on 2 occasions with a chief complaint of lower abdominal pain.
Auguste Renoir, Sculptor With Hired Hands
Authors: Zeidler Henning K. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The coping with rheumatoid arthritis of the famous French impressionist painter Pierre-Auguste Renoir (1841–1919) is described in former publications. The heavily handicapped painter has in his last years created sculptures in cooperation with the sculptor Richard Guino (1890–1973). The extraordinary genesis of the sculptures through a masterful artistic cooperation, as well as the resulting legal issues and shameful copyright infringements, is reported. Renoir's decision to create sculptures with the help of Guido can be attributed to his remarkable artistic vision, vitality, optimistic nature, and strong will and is also a further testimonial of creative coping of an artist overcoming the physical handicap due to rheumatoid arthritis of his final years, so far not described in detail in the medical literature.