bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Engineering 3D Ion Transport Channels for Flexible MXene Films with Superior Capacitive Performance
Authors: Wang Yuanming , Wang Xue , Li Xiaolong , Bai Yang , Xiao Huanhao , Liu Yang , Liu Rong , Yuan Guohui 
Published: February 2019

Abstract2D MXene materials are of considerable interest for future energy storage. A MXene film could be used as an effective flexible supercapacitor electrode due to its flexibility and, more importantly, its high specific capacitance. However, although it has excellent electronic conductivity, sluggish ionic kinetics within the MXene film becomes a fundamental limitation to the electrochemical performance. To compensate for the relative deficiency, MXene films are frequently reduced to several micrometer dimensions with low mass loading (<1 mg cm−2), to the point of detriment of areal performance and commercial value. Herein, for the first time, the design of a 3D porous MXene/bacterial cellulose (BC) self‐supporting film is reported for ultrahigh capacitance performance (416 F g−1, 2084 mF cm−2) with outstanding mechanical properties and high flexibility, even when the MXene loading reaches 5 mg cm−2. The highly interconnected MXene/BC network enables both excellent electron and ion transport channel. Additionally, a maximum energy density of 252 µWh cm−2 is achieved in an asymmetric supercapacitor, higher than that of all ever‐reported MXene‐based supercapacitors. This work exploits a simple route for assembling 2D MXene materials into 3D porous films as state‐of‐the‐art electrodes for high performance energy storage devices.
Nanoparticles Containing Oxidized Cholesterol Deliver mRNA to the Liver Microenvironment at Clinically Relevant Doses
Authors: Paunovska Kalina , Da Silva Sanchez Alejandro J. , Sago Cory D. , Gan Zubao , Lokugamage Melissa P. , Islam Fatima Z. , Kalathoor Sujay , Krupczak Brandon R. , Dahlman James E. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractUsing mRNA to produce therapeutic proteins is a promising approach to treat genetic diseases. However, systemically delivering mRNA to cell types besides hepatocytes remains challenging. Fast identification of nanoparticle delivery (FIND) is a DNA barcode‐based system designed to measure how over 100 lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) deliver mRNA that functions in the cytoplasm of target cells in a single mouse. By using FIND to quantify how 75 chemically distinct LNPs delivered mRNA to 28 cell types in vivo, it is found that an LNP formulated with oxidized cholesterol and no targeting ligand delivers Cre mRNA, which edits DNA in hepatic endothelial cells and Kupffer cells at 0.05 mg kg−1. Notably, the LNP targets liver microenvironmental cells fivefold more potently than hepatocytes. The structure of the oxidized cholesterols added to the LNP is systematically varied to show that the position of the oxidative modification may be important; cholesterols modified on the hydrocarbon tail associated with sterol ring D tend to outperform cholesterols modified on sterol ring B. These data suggest that LNPs formulated with modified cholesterols can deliver gene‐editing mRNA to the liver microenvironment at clinically relevant doses.
Graphene Oxide/Carbon Nanotube Bilayer Flexible Membrane for High‐Performance Li–S Batteries with Superior Physical and Electrochemical Properties
Authors: Lee Dong Kyu , Kim Seon Joon , Kim Yong‐Jae , Choi Hyunji , Kim Dae Woo , Jeon Hwan‐Jin , Ahn Chi Won , Lee Jae W. , Jung Hee‐Tae 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDeveloping a highly effective interlayer inserted between the sulfur electrode and separator is one of the most important issues in Li–S battery research, because this interlayer enhances the cycle performance of the Li–S battery by trapping the lithium polysulfides in the sulfur electrode. Among various interlayer materials, carbon materials such as graphene and carbon nanotubes are particularly appealing because of their high electrical conductivity. Here, a new flexible carbon membrane interlayer consisting of graphene oxide (GO) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is developed by a facile vacuum filtration approach to trap the lithium polysulfides in the sulfur electrode. When the GO/CNT bilayer membrane is used as an interlayer between the sulfur electrode and separator (glass fiber), the Li–S battery delivers an initial discharge capacity of 1591.56 mAh g−1 and maintains a capacity of about 1000 mAh g−1 over 50 cycles at 0.2C with a low potential difference of 150 mV. This reflects higher electrochemical performance than a GO or CNT monolayer unilaterally. This is attributed to the hydrophilic functional group of the GO layer strongly adsorbing lithium polysulfides dissolved in liquid electrolyte and the CNT layer enhancing the ion conductivity.
Efforts Toward a Unified Kainoid Family Synthesis Approach: Unexpected Sulfinamide‐Directed Conjugate Addition Results
Authors: Chogii Isaac , Das Pradipta , Njardarson Jon T. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA short asymmetric synthesis of an all‐syn and all‐trans kainoid core is reported. The synthetic route relies on the application of a new asymmetric [3+2] annulation reaction followed by a conjugate addition reaction to install this kainoid's three stereocenters. A surprising intramolecular conjugate addition enabled by the chiral tert‐butylsulfinyl group residing on the 3‐pyrroline nitrogen atom surpassed its expected role as a steric spectator. Efforts to outcompete intramolecular 1,4‐addition by further oxidizing the sulfoxide, or use of additives, and advancement of the all‐syn addition product to the requisite kainoid common core are detailed.
Entropy‐Driven Mechanochemical Synthesis of Polymetallic Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks for CO2 Fixation
Authors: Xu Wei , Chen Hao , Jie Kecheng , Yang Zhenzhen , Li Tingting , Dai Sheng 
Published: February 2019

AbstractHigh‐entropy materials refer to a kind of materials in which five or more metal species were incorporated deliberately into a single lattice with random occupancy. Up to now, such a concept has been only restricted to hard materials, such as high‐entropy alloys and ceramics. Herein we report the synthesis of hybrid high‐entropy materials, polymetallic zeolitic imidazolate framework (also named as high‐entropy zeolitic imidazolate framework, HE‐ZIF), via entropy‐driven room‐temperature mechanochemistry. HE‐ZIF contains five metals including ZnII, CoII, CdII, NiII, and CuII which are dispersed in the ZIF structure randomly. Moreover, HE‐ZIF shows enhanced catalytic conversion of CO2 into carbonate compared with ZIF‐8 presumably a result of the synergistic effect of the five metal ions as Lewis acid in epoxide activation.
Traceless Protection for More Broadly Applicable Olefin Metathesis
Authors: Mu Yucheng , Nguyen Thach T. , van der Mei Farid W. , Schrock Richard R. , Hoveyda Amir H. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAn operationally simple in situ protection/deprotection strategy that significantly expands the scope of kinetically controlled catalytic Z‐ and E‐selective olefin metathesis is introduced. Prior to the addition of a sensitive Mo‐ or Ru‐based complex, treatment of a hydroxy‐ or a carboxylic‐acid‐containing olefin with commercially available HB(pin) or readily accessible HB(trip)2 (pin=pinacolato, trip=2,4,6‐tri(isopropyl)phenyl) for 15 min is sufficient for efficient generation of a desired product. Routine workup leads to quantitative deprotection. A range of stereochemically defined Z‐ and E‐alkenyl chlorides, bromides, fluorides, and boronates or Z‐trifluoromethyl‐substituted alkenes with a hydroxy or carboxylic acid group were thus prepared in 51–97 % yield with 93 to >98 % stereoselectivity. We also show that, regardless of whether a polar functional unit is present or not, a small amount of HB(pin) may be used to remove residual water, significantly enhancing efficiency.
Epoxidized Oleic Acid‐Based Polymethacrylates as Viscosity Index Improvers
Authors: Lomège Juliette , Lapinte Vincent , Negrell Claire , Robin Jean‐Jacques , Caillol Sylvain 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis study reports two routes for the synthesis of epoxidized oleic acid (OLA)‐based polymethacrylates. The first one consisted of the synthesis followed by epoxidation of the OLA‐based methacrylate, 2‐(methacryloyloxy)ethyl oleate (MAEO), prior to its radical polymerization. In the second pathway, MAEO was first homopolymerized to afford poly(2‐(methacryloyloxy)ethyl oleate) (PMAEO) and, then, the internal double bonds of the oleate were epoxidized at different yields ranging from 20% to 100%. All polymeric structures were confirmed using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and characterized through size‐exclusion chromatography (SEC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses. The resulting polymers were then blended at 5 wt.% in a mineral paraffinic oil (MPO) and in a biobased organic triacylglycerol oil (OTO) to be evaluated as viscosity index improvers (VII). The partially epoxidized polymers up to 40% were soluble in MPO. According to a rheological study, the oil‐soluble epoxidized polymers resulting from the epoxidation of PMAEO exhibited a much higher influence on oil viscosities at high temperatures than at low temperatures compared to the low‐epoxidized PMAEO molecular weight obtained by the first strategy. Additionally, the viscosity indices of both lubricating oils were significantly improved with the addition of the epoxidized OLA‐based polymers resulting from the epoxidation of PMAEO, which confirmed their efficiency as VII.
Multifunctional CO2‐switchable polymers for the flocculation of oil sands tailings
Authors: Nittala Atreya K. , Gumfekar Sarang P. , Soares João B. P. 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTA series of multifunctional homopolymer and copolymer of 2‐dimethylamino ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) and N‐isopropyl acrylamide (NIPAM) were designed and used to flocculate oil sands mature fine tailings (MFTs). Carbon dioxide (CO2) protonated the tertiary amine groups of P(DMAEMA) and P(DMAEMA–NIPAM) making their chains positively charged. The pH sensitivity of these polymers favored the flocculation of the negatively charged clays in MFT due to charge neutralization. Three different polymers, P(DMAEMA), P(NIPAM33–DMAEMA67), and P(NIPAM67–DMAEMA33) were synthesized via aqueous free‐radical polymerization and used to flocculate MFT in the presence of CO2. Experimentally, CO2 was introduced in the system in three different ways: (1) CO2 was first bubbled into polymer solution, then the polymer solution was added to MFT, (2) CO2 was first bubbled into MFT and then the CO2‐free polymer solution was added to MFT, and (3) both polymers and MFT were bubbled with CO2 separately, then mixed together. We compared the effects of the method of CO2 addition, copolymer composition, and polymer molecular weight on MFT flocculation performance. Our results indicate that CO2‐switchable polymers can be employed to enhance the dewatering of challenging wastewaters such as oil sands tailings. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47578.
Reciprocity and spectral effects of the degradation of poly(ethylene‐terephthalate) under accelerated weathering exposures
Authors: Gok Abdulkerim , Gordon Devin A. , Burns David M. , Fowler Sean P. , French Roger H. , Bruckman Laura S. 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTExposures of poly(ethylene‐terephthalate) (PET) films were performed under xenon‐arc (full spectrum) and fluorescent UVA‐340 (UV only) irradiation to investigate the reciprocity principle and wavelength dependence of photodegradation in weathering. When the intensity of full spectral irradiance is increased from 5× to 50×, the reciprocity principle is not obeyed in this material system. The change in optical properties for PET is attributed to the corresponding longer exposure time of the 5× exposure that allows oxidative reactions to occur at lower irradiance. Full spectrum xenon‐arc and fluorescent UVA‐340 lamps have different spectral distributions and samples exhibits different material degradation mechanisms under each source. The UVA‐340 exposure leads to more pronounced degradation relative to the full spectrum xenon‐arc. This study shows that intensification of a single stressor in lab‐based weathering experiments to accelerate degradation and the use of differing light sources are not sufficient to allow reliable determination of service lifetime of polymeric materials. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47589.
Etanercept and Methotrexate as Monotherapy or in Combination for Psoriatic Arthritis: Primary Results From a Randomized, Controlled Phase III Trial
Authors: Mease Philip J. , Gladman Dafna D. , Collier David H. , Ritchlin Christopher T. , Helliwell Philip S. , Liu Lyrica , Kricorian Gregory , Chung James B. 
Published: February 2019

ObjectiveTo examine the efficacy of methotrexate monotherapy relative to etanercept monotherapy and the value of combining methotrexate and etanercept for the treatment of patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA).MethodsIn this double‐blind study, 851 patients with PsA were randomized to 1 of 3 treatment arms, as follows: oral methotrexate (20 mg) plus subcutaneous placebo given weekly (n = 284), subcutaneous etanercept (50 mg) plus oral placebo given weekly (n = 284), or subcutaneous etanercept (50 mg) plus oral methotrexate (20 mg) given weekly (combination therapy; n = 283). The American College of Rheumatology 20% improvement (ACR20) response and Minimal Disease Activity (MDA) response at week 24 were the primary end point and key secondary end point, respectively. Other measures of inflammatory arthritis, radiographic progression, and nonarticular disease manifestations were also assessed.ResultsPatients with PsA had a mean ± SD age of 48.4 ± 13.1 years, and the mean ± SD duration of PsA was 3.2 ± 6.3 years (median 0.6 years). ACR20 and MDA response rates at week 24 were significantly greater in patients who received etanercept monotherapy compared with those who received methotrexate monotherapy (ACR20, 60.9% versus 50.7% of patients [P = 0.029]; MDA, 35.9% versus 22.9% of patients [P = 0.005]), and both were significantly greater in the combination therapy group compared with the methotrexate monotherapy group at week 24 (ACR20, 65.0% versus 50.7% of patients [P = 0.005]; MDA, 35.7% versus 22.9% of patients [P = 0.005]). Other secondary outcomes (ACR50 and ACR70 response rates, proportions of patients achieving a Very Low Disease Activity score, and PsA disease activity scores) showed between‐group differences that were consistent with the primary and key secondary end point results. Furthermore, patients in both etanercept treatment arms showed less radiographic progression at week 48 compared with patients who received methotrexate monotherapy. Outcomes were similar in the combination therapy and etanercept monotherapy groups, except for some skin end points. No new safety signals were seen.ConclusionEtanercept monotherapy and combination therapy with etanercept and methotrexate showed greater efficacy than methotrexate monotherapy in patients with PsA, according to the ACR and MDA response rates and extent of radiographic progression at follow‐up. Overall, combining methotrexate and etanercept did not improve the efficacy of etanercept.
Inhibition of Interleukin‐1β Signaling by Anakinra Demonstrates a Critical Role of Bone Loss in Experimental Arthritogenic Alphavirus Infections
Authors: Wolf Stefan , Taylor Adam , Zaid Ali , Freitas Joseph , Herrero Lara J. , Rao Shambhavi , Suhrbier Andreas , Forwood Mark R. , Bucala Richard , Mahalingam Suresh 
Published: February 2019

ObjectiveArthritogenic alphaviruses, such as Ross River virus (RRV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV), particularly affect joints of the extremities and can lead to debilitating and potentially chronic polyarthritis/polyarthralgia. The innate immune response of the host plays a crucial role in inducing proinflammatory host factors, leading to tissue destruction and bone loss in the joints. This study was performed to assess how the inhibition of interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) signaling using the clinical rheumatoid arthritis drug anakinra influences bone loss in mice with arthritogenic alphavirus infections.MethodsMice (n = 5 per group) were infected withRRVorCHIKVand then treated with anakinra. Weight gain and disease severity were measured, tissue viral titers were determined, and histologic changes in joint tissues were assessed.ResultsAnakinra therapy reducedRRV‐ andCHIKV‐induced bone loss in this murine model (P< 0.001 andP< 0.05, respectively). Histologic analysis of the knee joint showed that treatment with anakinra decreased epiphyseal growth plate thinning, loss of epiphyseal bone volume, and osteoclastogenesis in the tibia. Importantly, pharmacologicIL‐1 receptor (IL‐1R) blockade did not improve other clinical features, including disease score, weight loss, or viremia.ConclusionThe present findings suggest that anakinra therapy may reduce bone loss in experimental murine models ofRRVandCHIKV. Further investigations are needed to assess the potential therapeutic benefits of anakinra in patients with arthritogenic alphavirus disease.
A proposal for the systematic assessment of data quality indicators in birth defects surveillance
Authors: Groisman Boris , Mastroiacovo Pierpaolo , Barbero Pablo , Bidondo María Paz , Liascovich Rosa , Botto Lorenzo D. 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundQuality control and improvement are a key part of the implementation of an effective surveillance program. Data quality indicators (DQI) are key tools but have not been widely used, especially in a low‐resource setting.MethodsWe developed a list of data quality indicators of birth defects surveillance. These DQI address ascertainment, description, coding, and classification.ResultsWe developed 40 DQI that can be used widely to assess the quality of data relative to birth defects of major clinical and public health impact.ConclusionsDQI have to be both comprehensive (e.g., assess all main surveillance processes) and practical (not require sophisticated or costly data elements), so that they can be used effectively in many different settings. We propose this list of DQI for use in surveillance program as a way to document the quality of the program; detect variations within and between programs, and support quality improvements.
The effect of naringenin on the pharmacokinetics of ibrutinib in rat: A drug–drug interaction study
Authors: Liu Jia , Liu Hanqing , Zeng Qingqi 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of naringenin on the pharmacokinetics of ibrutinib in rats. A simple and sensitive quantitation method based on ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography–Q‐Exactive Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry was developed and validated for the determination of ibrutinib in rat plasma. The samples were extracted using ethyl acetate containing 1% triethylamine and separated on a Waters Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column with acetonitrile and water containing 0.1% formic acid as mobile phase. The assay showed good linearity over the concentration range of 1–1000 ng/mL with coefficient of correlation >0.995. The LLOQ was 1 ng/mL. The assay showed acceptable precision (RSD < 8.65%), accuracy (RE within ±15%), extraction recovery (>78.25%) and negligible matrix effects. The validated method has been successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of ibrutinib in rats after oral administration of ibrutinib with or without coadministration of naringenin. Our results demonstrated that naringenin could significantly affect the pharmacokinetics of ibrutinib, including prolonging its half‐life, increase the area under the concentration–time curve and reducing its clearance time. This study indicated that there is potential for drug–drug interactions between naringenin and ibrutinib, and coadministration of ibrutinib with naringenin or naringenin‐containing herbal medicines should be avoided in the clinic.
Contractors' attitudes towards the factors affecting sustainability performance: Evidence from Palestine
Authors: Tayeh Bassam A. , Durdyev Serdar , Abuzuhri Ibrahim O. , Hosseini M. Reza , Thurnell Derek 
Published: February 2019

AbstractImplementing more sustainable practices in the construction industry would provide healthier and safer environmental conditions as well as ethical approaches. The conventional wisdom is that their uptake will continue to improve in line with its familiarity and applicability among industry stakeholders at the forefront of onsite project activities. Thus, an investigation was carried out into the factors affecting the sustainability performance of contractors in Palestine, particularly at the project execution stage. A questionnaire survey of 42 factors was administered to 90 registered contractors. Analysis of results using the mean value technique revealed that the cost of fundamental project resources, labor‐related factors, and destruction of natural habitat and depletion of natural resources were the most significant factors affecting contractors' sustainability performance. Despite being a limited exercise in scope, it is recommended that consideration is given to any potential cost fluctuations, as well as explicit mention of gain and pain issues within the project documentation, in order to sustainably operate in the construction sector of Palestine, while continuing to contribute to the national economy.
Temporary balloon occlusion of atrial septal defects in suspected or documented left ventricular diastolic dysfunction: Hemodynamic and clinical findings
Authors: Miranda William R. , Hagler Donald J. , Reeder Guy S. , Warnes Carole A. , Connolly Heidi M. , Egbe Alexander C. , Taggart Nathaniel W. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo review our experience with balloon testing prior to atrial septal defect (ASD) closure in adults with left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction.BackgroundASD closure in patients with LV diastolic dysfunction may precipitate LV failure. Temporary ASD occlusion has been used in this scenario but data are limited.MethodsRetrospective review of 27 patients age ≥ 50 years undergoing temporary ASD balloon occlusion between 2000 and 2018 for suspected LV diastolic dysfunction or elevated LV end‐diastolic pressure (LVEDP).ResultsMedian age was 72 years (IQR 66.7; 75.2). Atrial fibrillation was seen in 58% of patients, hypertension in 58%, and coronary artery disease in 26%; 52% were females. Median ASD size was 13 mm (10; 18) and Qp/Qs 1.8 (1.6; 2.2). Median LVEDP was 14 mmHg (12; 22); pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) 12 mmHg (9; 16.5) and left atrial pressure (LAP) 13.5 mmHg (8; 16.3). After a median of 5 min (3; 10) of balloon occlusion, patients with baseline LVEDP ≥15 mmHg had more significant increases in LVEDP (9 [6; 12] vs. 2 mmHg [0.5; 5]; p = 0.03) and LAP/PAWP (10.5 [8.3; 16.3] vs. 1.5 mmHg [−1.5; 3]; p = 0.0003) than those with baseline LVEDP <15 mmHg. None of those with a baseline LVEDP <15 mmHg had a LAP/PAWP >15 mmHg during balloon testing compared to 92% of patients with a baseline LVEDP ≥15 mmHg.ConclusionLVEDP might be used to predict LAP post‐ASD closure. Comorbidities typically associated with LV diastolic dysfunction are common in these patients and should be considered in their management.