bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can Doppler echocardiography estimate raised pulmonary capillary wedge pressure provoked by passive leg lifting in suspected heart failure?
Authors: Henein Michael Y. , Tossavainen Erik , A'roch Roman , Söderberg Stefan , Lindqvist Per 
Published: October 2018

SummaryAimsNon‐invasive estimation of left ventricular filling pressure (LVFP) during stress is important for explaining exertional symptoms in patients with heart failure (HF). The aim of this study was to evaluate ability of Doppler echocardiographic measures of elevated LVFP with passive leg lifting (PLL) in patients with suspected HF.MethodsTwenty‐nine patients with clinical signs of HF who underwent simultaneous Doppler echocardiography and right heart catheterization (RHC) at rest and during PLL were consecutively investigated. Seventeen patients had normal PCWP (≤15 mmHg) at rest and during PLL and 12 with normal PCWP at rest but >15 mmHg with PLL. Conventional echo and 2D strain were used to assess early diastolic blood flow velocity (E), LV strain rate during early diastole (LVSRe), left atrial SR during atrial contraction (LASRa) and myocardial tissue Doppler velocities to assess lateral e’ and further calculate E/e’ and E/LVSRe and their relationship with PCWP, at rest and during PLL.ResultsResting LAVI (β = 0·45, P = 0·009) and LASRa (β = −0·51, P = 0·004) were independently related to PCWP during PLL. Also, LASRa (β = −0·77, P<0·001), E/e’ (β = 0·40, P = 0·04) and E/LVSRe (β = 0·47, P = 0·021) during PLL correlated with PCWP during PLL. Multiple regression analysis identified E/LVSRe (β = 0·46, P = 0·001) and LASRa (β = −0·58, P = 0·002) during PLL as being independently associated with PCWP during PLL.ConclusionLeft atrial volume and myocardial contraction (LASRa) at rest both predict unstable LV filling pressures measured as raised PCWP when provoked by PLL. Furthermore, LASRa at PLL seems to have the strongest association to PCWP during PLL.
Tuberous sclerosis‐associated neuropsychiatric disorders: a paediatric cohort study
Authors: Toldo Irene , Brasson Valeria , Miscioscia Marina , Pelizza Maria Federica , Manara Renzo , Sartori Stefano , Mantegazza Giulia , Vecchi Marilena , Nosadini Margherita , Gatta Michela 
Published: October 2018

AimWe aimed to study tuberous sclerosis‐associated neuropsychiatric disorders (TAND) in children and adolescents with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC).MethodRetrospective and prospective cohort study conducted at a Paediatric Neurology Unit of an Italian Tertiary Care Hospital. Clinical and neuroimaging data were reviewed. Scores for neurological and epilepsy outcomes (Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale, Paediatric Version and Early Childhood Epilepsy Severity Scale modified), semi‐structured interviews (authorized Italian version of the TAND checklist and Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales) and questionnaires (Child Behavior Checklist [CBCL]) were applied at last follow‐up.ResultsThirty‐two patients with TSC (age range 1–19y) were enrolled. Eighty‐eight per cent had at least one TAND and 47% had intellectual disability. The TAND checklist showed internalizing problems in 25.8% of cases (vs 41.9% by CBCL), and externalizing problems in 41.9% (vs 9.7% by CBCL). TAND prevailed in patients with de novo mutation of TSC2, high tuber load, and severe neurological and epilepsy outcomes.InterpretationIn our cohort, 78% of patients had more than four TAND behavioural problems; nevertheless, they did not show a constant and specific neuropsychiatric profile. Clinical, neurophysiological, and neuroradiological features were associated with several TAND. The TAND checklist appeared more effective than the CBCL, particularly in detecting externalizing problems.What this paper adds

The Tuberous sclerosis‐associated neuropsychiatric disorders (TAND) checklist is an effective tool for TAND screening.

The TAND checklist helps define psychopathological and neuropsychiatric aspects in paediatric patients with Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC).

TAND were found in 88% of patients with TSC, whilst 78% had more than four TAND.

TAND distribution depends on different clinical and neuroradiological features.
Criteria for the estimation of field capacity and their implications for the bucket type model
Authors: Turek M. E. , Armindo R. A. , Wendroth O. , Dos Santos I. 
Published: October 2018

SummaryField capacity (FC) is crucial for modelling soil–plant–water dynamics with bucket‐type models, supporting prevention of environmental problems (e.g. chemical leaching to deeper layers and groundwater and waste of water resources). As FC measurement in situ is labour intensive, approaches for its estimation have been proposed. However, because they differ conceptually and are based on different assumptions, the response to an application (e.g. crop yield (CY) modelling) can be rather different. This study evaluated frequently used FC approaches in scenarios quantifying differences in behaviour of soil water and air retention, evapotranspiration (ET) and CY. Also, a soil texture‐based pedotransfer function (PTF) was compared with other methods. Six sites with different soil types and management practices from tropical and temperate climates were investigated. Field capacity was estimated based on a static criterion using the water content (θ) at pressure heads (h) of 0.6, 1 and 3.3 m and at the inflection point (θi) of all water retention curves (SWRCs) and the Assouline and Or model (AO). Moreover, four equations found in the literature based on a dynamic criterion were also evaluated. For all soils, the largest FC results were obtained when θi was set as FC. The smallest FC values were obtained with θ (3.3 m) (tropical) and AO (temperate). The coefficient of variation (CV) between FC estimates, based on nine approaches, ranged from 7 to 54%. Available water storage, air capacity (AC) and ET results were sensitive to FC and showed more variation for the Brazilian sites. The PTF used estimated FC within the range of results obtained by the other nine approaches. In addition, AquaCrop was used to study the effect of FC on CY by fixing all model parameters, whereas FC was the only flexible parameter. Crop yield was sensitive to the variation in FC under low and medium rainfall, but increased with larger FC. For high rainfall, the yield was small in a scenario with large θfc because AC became yield limiting.Highlights
Different approaches can be used to estimate field capacity
The criteria static and dynamic and a texture-based PTF were evaluated
Sensitivity analyses were performed with parameters of bucket type model and crop yield simulations
Results showed that management decisions differed according to field capacity criteria
Decision‐making in dentistry related to temporomandibular disorders: a 5‐yr follow‐up study
Authors: Lövgren Anna , Karlsson Wirebring Linnea , Häggman‐Henrikson Birgitta , Wänman Anders 
Published: October 2018

Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are common, but many patients with such disorders go undetected and under‐treated. Our aim was to evaluate the outcome of using a screening tool (5 yr after it was first implemented), on the clinical decision‐making for patients with TMDs. Adults who attended for a dental check‐up at the Public Dental Health Services in Västerbotten, Sweden, answered three screening questions (3Q/TMD) on frequent jaw pain, pain on jaw function, and catching/locking of the jaw. The dental records of a random sample of 200 individuals with at least one positive response to 3Q/TMD (3Q screen‐positive patients) and 200 individuals with all negative responses (3Q screen‐negative patients) were reviewed for TMD‐related treatment decisions. A clinical decision related to TMD was absent in 45.5% of 3Q screen‐positive patients. Treatment of TMDs was associated with a positive response to the screening question on jaw pain (OR = 6.7, 95% CI: 3.2–14.0) and was more frequent among 3Q screen‐positive patients (24%) than among 3Q screen‐negative patients (2%; OR = 15.5, 95% CI: 5.5–43.9), just as a female examiner was associated with more frequent treatment of TMDs (OR = 3.1, 95% CI: 1.2–8.4). The results indicate under‐treatment of TMD within general dental practice and that male clinicians are less likely to initiate TMD treatment.
Effects of galanin receptor 2 and receptor 3 knockout in mouse models of acute seizures
Authors: Drexel Meinrad , Sternberg Felix , Kofler Barbara , Sperk Günther 
Published: October 2018

SummaryThere exists solid evidence that endogenous galanin and galanin agonists exert anticonvulsive actions mediated both by galanin 1 receptor (GAL1‐R) and galanin 2 receptor (GAL2‐R). We have now investigated whether depletion of the recently identified third galanin receptor, GAL3‐R, and that of GAL2‐R, alters the threshold to the systemically applied γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) antagonist pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) or to intrahippocampally administered kainic acid (KA). In neither model, GAL3‐KO mice differed in their latency to the first seizure, mean seizure duration, total number of seizures, or time spent in seizures compared to wild‐type controls. In addition, consistent with previous data, the response to PTZ was not altered in GAL2‐KO mice. In contrast, intrahippocampal KA resulted in a significantly increased number of seizures and time spent in seizures in GAL2‐KO mice, although the latency to the first seizure and the duration of individual seizures was not altered. These results are consistent with the previous data showing that GAL2‐R knockdown does not affect the number of perforant path stimulations required for initiating status epilepticus but significantly increases the seizure severity during the ongoing status. In conclusion, our data support a specific role of GAL2‐R but not of GAL3‐R in mediating the anticonvulsive actions of endogenous galanin.
Forage fish fisheries management requires a tailored approach to balance trade‐offs
Authors: Siple Margaret C. , Essington Timothy E. , E. Plagányi Éva 
Published: October 2018

AbstractEcosystem‐based fishery management requires considering the effects of actions on social, natural and economic systems. These considerations are important for forage fish fisheries, because these species provide ecosystem services as a key prey in food webs and support valuable commercial fisheries. Forage fish stocks fluctuate naturally, and fishing may make these fluctuations more pronounced, yet harvest strategies intended to ameliorate these effects might adversely affect fisheries and communities. Here, we evaluate trade‐offs among a diverse suite of management objectives by simulating outcomes from several harvest strategies on forage fish species. We demonstrate that some trade‐offs (like those between catches and minimizing collapse length) were universal among forage species and could not be eliminated by the use of different control rules. We also demonstrate that trade‐offs vary among forage fish species, with strong trade‐offs between stable, high catches and high‐biomass periods (“bonanzas”) for menhaden‐ and anchovy‐like fish, and counterintuitive trade‐offs for sardine‐like fish between shorter collapses and longer bonanzas. We find that harvest strategies designed to maintain stability in catches will result in more severe collapses. Finally, we show that the ability of assessments to detect rapid changes in population status greatly affects control rule performance and the degree and type of trade‐offs, increasing the risk and severity of collapses and reducing catches. Together, these results demonstrate that while default harvest strategies are useful in data‐poor situations, management strategy evaluations that are tailored to specific forage fish may better balance trade‐offs.
Efficacy of ketoprofen lysine salt and paracetamol/acetaminophen to reduce pain during rapid maxillary expansion: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Cossellu Gianguido , Lanteri Valentina , Lione Roberta , Ugolini Alessandro , Gaffuri Francesca , Cozza Paola , Farronato Marco 
Published: October 2018

SummaryBackgroundRapid maxillary expansion (RME) is an orthopaedic procedure indicated for a wide variety of clinical conditions.AimThe aim of the study was to compare the effects of ketoprofen lysine salt (KLS) vs paracetamol/acetaminophen (P) on pain perception during RME.DesignOne hundred and fifty‐one subjects (mean age 8.6 year) were enrolled in this prospective controlled clinical trial according to inclusion criteria: prepuberal stage of development, negative posterior transverse interarch discrepancy, non‐concurrent use of other drugs.First phase: n.40 allocated to Group 1 used 40 mg of KLS, n.40 to Group 2 used 250 mg of P, n.36 to Group 3 as control group. Second phase: n.35 allocated to Group 4 used 40 mg ketoprofen lysine salt once a day for the first 3 days of activation.Pain experience was reported on a numeric rating scale (0‐4) and a 100‐mm visual analogue scale. Pain perception was tested with the Mann‐Whitney test (P < 0.05).ResultsPain perception was higher during the first 3 days of activation and it was described as mild to moderate. Group 1 experienced significantly less pain during the fourth, fifth, and sixth day (P < 0.05) compared with Group 2. Patients of the Group 4 reported significantly lower pain during the whole period of RME activation (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe perceived higher pain was reported during the second and third day of expansion. The analgesic effect of KLS is more effective than P during the fourth, fifth, and sixth day. The use of KLS during the first 3 days of activation seems to be able reducing pain during the whole active phase.
Global priority areas for amphibian research
Authors: Nori Javier , Villalobos Fabricio , Loyola Rafael 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAimLack of biological information is a silent but strong impediment for planning how to rescue amphibians from extinction. Currently, 24% of all amphibian species are assigned to the Data Deficient (DD) category of IUCN. Here, we aim to identify priority areas for amphibian research that could help gather information on these species and overcome such knowledge gap.LocationGlobal.TaxonAmphibians.MethodsWe mapped the distribution of 1578 DD amphibian species and then defined priority research areas as those areas with high and complementary concentration of amphibian DD species that could be considered important areas for studying (and therefore conserving) such species. To evaluate the performance of the proposed priority research areas, we calculated the percentage of species overlapping these areas, considering all amphibian DD species; recently described species and geographically restricted DD species. We also determined the proportion of priority research areas falling inside each continent and country of the world. Finally, we estimated the level protection of these species and of human pressure on natural ecosystems found within our priority research areas.ResultsWe showed that gathering biological information of species from just 0.4% of the world area could clarify the conservation status of more than 80% of DD amphibians. Most identified priority research areas overlap with regions under high human pressure and only a small percentage of DD amphibian species might cope with those altered conditions.Main conclusionsKnowledge shortfalls represent a major issue for amphibian conservation globally, however, the picture could radically change if research efforts and investments are geographically strategically distributed. This study brings the first application of a complementary‐based tool, which has been originally designed and implemented in conservation planning, aimed at generating information that help researchers to fill knowledge gaps as efficiently as possible.
More teeth in more elderly: Periodontal treatment needs in Germany 1997–2030
Authors: Schwendicke Falk , Krois Joachim , Kocher Thomas , Hoffmann Thomas , Micheelis Wolfgang , Jordan Rainer A. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectiveWith more teeth retained for longer in an ageing population, population‐wide periodontal treatment needs may increase. We assessed and projected periodontal treatment needs from 1997 to 2030 in Germany.MethodsPartial‐mouth probing‐pocket depths (PPDs) from repeated waves (1997, 2005, 2014) of the nationally representative German Oral Health Studies were transformed into full‐mouth PPDs via decision‐tree‐based ensemble‐modelling. In line with German healthcare‐regulations, teeth with PPD ≥ 4 mm were regarded as needing periodontal treatment. Weighted means were interpolated cross‐sectionally by fitting spline‐curves and then regressed longitudinally 1997–2030.ResultsIn 1997, younger adults (35–44 years old) had a mean of 7.4 teeth needing treatment (overall 93.8 million teeth); this decreased to 4.8 teeth (47.3 million teeth) in 2014. For 2030, we project 3.2 teeth (33.7 million teeth). In seniors, an increase was recorded (1997: 4.5 teeth, 33.5 million teeth; 2014: 7.5 teeth, 63.4 million teeth); this is expected to continue until 2030 (to 12.2 teeth, 140.8 million teeth). The cumulative number of teeth needing treatment increased from 2000 (355 million) to 2015 (365 million), and will increase further to 2030 (464 million).ConclusionsPopulation‐wide periodontal treatment needs may increase until 2030, mainly in the elderly. Concepts for addressing, these growing needs are required.
Personalized Goal Attainment in Dementia Care: Measuring What Persons with Dementia and Their Caregivers Want
Authors: Jennings Lee A. , Ramirez Karina D. , Hays Ron D. , Wenger Neil S. , Reuben David B. 
Published: October 2018

ObjectivesTo develop a process of goal‐setting and measurement of goal attainment in a dementia care management program.DesignObservational.SettingDementia care management program in an urban academic medical center.ParticipantsPersons with dementia (N=101) and their caregivers; nurse practitioner dementia care managers (N=5).InterventionSpecification of a personalized health goal and action plan and measurement of goal attainment using goal attainment scaling in a clinical care visit.MeasurementsGoal attainment at 6 and 12 months; focus groups of 5 dementia care managers.ResultsEighty‐four percent of participant goals were nonmedical, 47% were related to quality of life, and 29% were caregiver support goals. Eighty‐eight percent of participants felt that the goal they set was meaningful and 74% that the goal‐setting process captured something different from usual care, and 85% found the process helpful in planning for future care. At 6 months, 74% of dyads had achieved or exceeded their expected level of goal attainment. Dementia care managers felt that the goal‐setting process improved their understanding of what was most important to the patient, helped set expectations about disease progression and care needs, and provided positive reinforcement when goals were accomplished and an opportunity for revision when goals were not met.ConclusionGoal setting using goal attainment scaling can be incorporated into the care of persons with dementia to establish and attain person‐centered goals. Research is needed to further develop personalized goal attainment as an outcome measure for dementia care.J Am Geriatr Soc 66:2120–2127, 2018.
A Novel Approach to Improve Repair Bond Strength of Repaired Acrylic Resin: An in Vitro Study on the Shear Bond Strength
Authors: Qaw Masoumah S. , Abushowmi Tahani H. , Almaskin Danah F. , AlZaher Zahra A. , Gad Mohammed M. , Al‐Harbi Fahad A. , Abualsaud Reem , Ammar Mahmoud M. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the combined effect of mechanical surface treatment with intermediate bonding agents (methyl methacrylate [MMA] and silane coupling agents) and ZrO2 nanoparticle (nano‐ZrO2) addition to repair material on the shear bond strength (SBS) of repaired denture bases.Materials and MethodsHeat‐polymerized acrylic resin was used to fabricate 130 cylindrical blocks (15 mm × 10 mm) and divided into a control group without treatment (C, n = 10), and 3 repair groups (n = 40/group) divided into specimens treated with alumina blasting alone (AB), specimens blasted with alumina combined with silane coupling agent (AB + SCA), or combined with MMA‐based composite bonding agent (AB + MA). Treated groups were further subdivided according to nano‐ZrO2 concentrations into 0 wt%, 2.5 wt%, 5 wt%, and 7.5 wt% added to repair resin powder. Repair resin monomer and polymer were combined and packed on the repair area and then placed in a pressure pot at 37°C for 15 minutes for polymerization. Shear bond test was performed using a universal testing machine. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to examine the effect of surface modifications on repair surfaces and to evaluate the topography of fracture surfaces. Tukey‐Kramer multiple‐comparison test was used to detect significant differences between groups (p ≤ 0.05).ResultsSBS (MPa) of specimens treated with alumina blasting and application of intermediate agents were significantly higher than the control group (p < 0.05), while no significant differences were found between AB and control group (p > 0.05). Nano‐ZrO2 addition significantly increased SBS except for AB, and 5%, 7.5% MA (p > 0.05). SEM evaluation showed that alumina blasting created rougher and more porous surfaces, while SCA and MA reduced the irregularities and fissures.ConclusionApplication of bonding agents to repair surfaces after alumina blasting improved the repair bond strength and proved to be a possible new adhesive method for denture repair. Moreover, nano‐ZrO2 addition in combination with surface treatment improved the repair bond strength.
Evaluation of Flexural Strength of Different Denture Base Materials Reinforced with Different Nanoparticles
Authors: Karci Muhammet , Demir Necla , Yazman Sakir 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the effect of adding Al2O3, SiO2, and TiO2 nanoparticles in ratios of 1, 3, and 5 wt% to different acrylic resins on flexural strength.Materials and MethodsA total of 210 specimens were prepared in 30 groups (n = 7/group) (Control, 1% Al2O3, 3% Al2O3, 5% Al2O3, 1% SiO2, 3% SiO2, 5% SiO2, 1% TiO2, 3% TiO2, 5% TiO2). The specimens were polished with 200‐, 400‐, and 600‐grit abrasive paper to provide a standard surface before testing and then suspended in distilled water for 30 days. Flexural strength was measured via three‐point bending tests. Subsequently, SEM analysis was performed for one specimen from each group. Homogeneity of data was assessed by Kolmogov–Smirnov test followed by two‐way ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests (α = 0.05).ResultsThere was a significant increase in the flexural strength of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) after addition of 1% nanoparticles in both heat‐polymerized and autopolymerized acrylic resins (p ˂ 0.05). The flexural strength values of the groups to which Al2O3 and TiO2 nanoparticles were added exceeded those of the group with SiO2 addition (p ˂ 0.05). The electron microscopy images revealed that the nanoparticles were more homogeneously dispersed in PMMA with higher flexural strength.ConclusionsThe mechanical properties of PMMA can be improved by the addition of nanoparticles to PMMA; however, the flexural strength values of PMMA decrease with the addition of nanoparticles at higher percentages (3‐5%). Hence, the ideal filler ratio corresponds to 1%.