bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growth of Hatchery-Reared Chinook Salmon in Lakes Michigan and Huron Exhibits Limited Spatial Variation but Is Temporally Linked to Alewife Abundance
Authors: Kornis Matthew S. , Simpkins Darin G. , Lane Allen A. , Warner David M. , Bronte Charles R. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha were introduced into Lakes Michigan and Huron in the 1960s to diversify recreational fisheries and reduce overabundant, nonnative Alewife Alosa pseudoharengus. Alewife remain the primary prey of Chinook Salmon but have experienced substantial declines in abundance due to reduced food resources and salmonine predation pressure. The movements of Chinook Salmon have been linked to the density and spatial distribution of Alewife, but spatial patterns in Chinook Salmon growth have not been well documented and the temporal relationship between growth and Alewife density has not been evaluated during the current period of low Alewife abundance. We evaluated spatial and temporal variation in growth of Chinook Salmon in Lake Michigan and the U.S. waters of Lake Huron and explored linkages with Alewife density. Von Bertalanffy growth parameters were generally similar for recaptured coded-wire-tagged Chinook Salmon from different stocking locations and different recovery locations. Only a few small differences among stocking and recovery regions were evident, with regions divided into two subtly different groups with shared growth parameters. The small regional differences may be attributable to unique habitat and/or stocking characteristics of specific regions. In Lake Michigan average Chinook Salmon length at age also varied across years and was tightly coupled with annual lakewide densities of age-1 and older Alewife, suggesting that Chinook Salmon growth from 2012 to 2016 was constrained by Alewife density. Our findings are consistent with evidence of lakewide movements associated with foraging and support continued management of Chinook Salmon in Lake Michigan as a single population. Furthermore, similar growth in Chinook Salmon from Lakes Michigan and Huron corroborates evidence that Chinook Salmon move from U.S. waters of Lake Huron to Lake Michigan to feed and reinforces the recent decision to include most fish stocked in northwestern Lake Huron in the Lake Michigan population when managing for predator–prey balance.
Erosive wear characteristics of E‐glass fiber reinforced silica fume and zinc oxide‐filled epoxy resin composites
Authors: Öztürk Bülent , Gedikli Hasan , Kılıçarslan Yavuz S. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn the present study, the effect of addition of silica fume, also known as microsilica, and zinc oxide fillers on the erosive wear behavior of bidirectional E‐glass fiber‐based epoxy resin composites has been investigated. The amount of silica fume and zinc oxide fillers in the composites was changed in the interval from 0 to 16 wt.%. The erosive wear of the composites has been evaluated at different impingement angles from 20° to 90° and at four different impact velocities of 70, 100, 150, and 200 m/s. The erodent particles used were silicon carbide (SiC) with the average particle sizes of 72 μm, 175 μm, and 348 μm, respectively. The results show that the erosion rate increases with increasing impingement angle, impact velocity, exposure time, and erodent particle size in all the composites. By comparing the two types of fillers, the composites filled with silica fume showed better erosion resistance than those of zinc oxide‐filled composites at the same filler loading. The composite filled with 16 wt.% silica fume presented the best erosion resistant while the highest erosion rate was obtained at the composite filled with 16 wt.% zinc oxide. The morphology of eroded surfaces was examined by using scanning electron microscopy, and possible erosion mechanisms were discussed.
A brief report and analysis on the July 19, 2019, explosion in the Yima gasification plant in Sanmenxia, China
Authors: Wang Bing , Zhu Zhaozhen 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis short article presents some basic facts related to the explosion accident that occurred on July 19, 2019, in the Yima gasification plant located in Sanmenxia City, Henan Province, China. This huge explosion killed 15 people and seriously injured 16. The article introduces the background, scenes, and possible causes of this explosion. Moreover, this study proposes some measures to prevent and control similar accidents. This article can provide some basic information for a further investigation and analysis on this explosion.
Two Well‐Compatible Acceptors with Efficient Energy Transfer Enable Ternary Organic Photovoltaics Exhibiting a 13.36% Efficiency
Authors: Wang Jianxiao , Ma Xiaoling , Wang Jian , Ming Ruijie , An Qiaoshi , Zhang Jian , Yang Chuluo , Zhang Fujun 
Published: August 2019

AbstractOrganic photovoltaics (OPVs) are fabricated with PM6 as donor and T6Me, IT‐2F, or their mixture as acceptor. A 13.36% power conversion efficiency (PCE) is achieved from the optimized ternary OPVs with 50 wt% IT‐2F in acceptors, which is attributed to the enhanced photon harvesting of ternary active layers and improved exciton utilization efficiency through energy transfer from IT‐2F to T6Me. The efficient energy transfer from IT‐2F to T6Me can be confirmed from the photoluminescence spectra of neat and blend films, which may provide additional channels to enhance exciton utilization efficiency for achieving short‐circuit current density (JSC) improvement of ternary OPVs. It should be highlighted that the fill factor (FF) of ternary OPVs can be monotonously increased along with the incorporation of IT‐2F, indicating the gradually optimized phase separation degree of ternary active layers. The third component IT‐2F plays a key role in optimizing phase separation as a morphology regulator. Over 8% PCE improvement is achieved in the optimized ternary OPVs compared with the over 12% PCEs of the corresponding binary OPVs, respectively. This work indicates that the performance of ternary OPVs can be well optimized by carefully picking materials with good compatibility and complementary absorption spectra, as well as the appropriate energy levels.
New Concepts for Production of Scalable Single Layer Oxidized Regions by Local Anodic Oxidation of Graphene
Authors: Quesada Sergio J. , Borrás Fernando , García‐Vélez Miguel , Coya Carmen , Climent Esteban , Munuera Carmen , Villar Ignacio , de la Peña O'Shea Víctor A. , de Andrés Alicia , Álvarez Ángel L. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA deep comprehension of the local anodic oxidation process in 2D materials is achieved thanks to an extensive experimental and theoretical study of this phenomenon in graphene. This requires to arrange a novel instrumental device capable to generate separated regions of monolayer graphene oxide (GO) over graphene, with any desired size, from micrometers to unprecedented mm2, in minutes, a milestone in GO monolayer production. GO regions are manufactured by overlapping lots of individual oxide spots of thousands µm2 area. The high reproducibility and circular size of the spots allows not only an exhaustive experimental characterization inside, but also establishing an original model for oxide expansion which, from classical first principles, overcomes the traditional paradigm of the water bridge, and is applicable to any 2D‐material. This tool predicts the oxidation behavior with voltage and exposure time, as well as the expected electrical current along the process. The hitherto unreported transient current is measured during oxidation, gaining insight on its components, electrochemical and transport. Just combining electrical measurements and optical imaging estimating carrier mobility and degree of oxidation is possible. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveals a graphene oxidation about 30%, somewhat lower to that obtained by Hummers' method.
Agricultural waste
Authors: Chang Chein‐Chi , Li Rundong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe management of agricultural waste has become very important because the inappropriate disposal yields negative effects on the environment. The resource recovery from agricultural waste which converts waste into available resources can reduce the waste and new resource consumption. This review summarizes the 2018 researches of over three hundred scholar papers from several aspects: agricultural waste, and, waste chemical characterization, agricultural waste material, adsorption, waste energy, composting, waste biogas, agricultural waste management, and others.
Unequal Access to Support and Privileges
Authors: Sandoz Laure 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis chapter discusses the interplay between institutional practices and individual experiences and identifies specific “migration channels” through which immigrants obtain access to the Swiss territory and labour market. The first section draws on survey data to analyse the kind of support that recently arrived immigrants from certain countries receive when relocating to Switzerland. Employers play a major role in attracting workers to Switzerland. Yet, their relocation practices tend to favour certain nationalities, in particular workers from rich anglophone countries, while disadvantaging married women and citizens of non-EU/EFTA countries. In the second section, a qualitative analysis of the experiences of individuals moving through different migration channels reveals how the legal framework regulating each channel, as well as the support structures available to immigrants in these channels, create different resource environments associated with specific obstacles and opportunities. Being highly skilled means something very different depending on whether one comes to Switzerland as a refugee, an employee, a spouse, or a student. Yet, migrants’ stories show that individuals are not restricted to just one of these environments: given certain conditions, individuals have the agency to develop strategies in order to improve their situation, which sometimes involves navigating between channels to access new opportunities.
Conclusion
Authors: Sandoz Laure 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis chapter concludes the analysis by discussing the main findings of this research and contrasting them with current debates on highly skilled migration. Although skill-based migration policies tend to be praised as contributing to a country’s economic development and enabling the smooth liberalisation of national border regimes, this research shows that the definition of a migrant’s value is complex and subjective, even from an economic perspective. Far from being meritocratic, the attraction, selection, and retention of migrants is a highly politicised process which involves a variety of actors with competing interests. Migration intermediaries tend to construct the legitimacy of highly skilled migrants based on powerful economic narratives, which can overshadow issues related to social justice and discrimination. Moreover, the processes of selecting highly skilled migrants tend to withdraw certain practices from the public sphere, and therefore depoliticise them. These observations call for the recognition that immigration policies based on demand, economic interests, and vague criteria favour relationships of dependence and control between immigrants and those who support them. “Highly skilled migrant” might thus not be the best term to describe a mobile person in a privileged position. Beyond skills, other elements need to be considered, such as forms of capital, nationality, legal status, gender, ethnicity, and class. Research needs to situate individuals within institutional environments and deconstruct static representations of skills and merit. Moreover, the crucial importance of borders must be taken into account, as well as the strategies that some people develop in order to cross them.
Evaluating the influences of temperature, primary production, and evolutionary history on bivalve growth rates
Authors: Saulsbury James , Moss David K. , Ivany Linda C. , Kowalewski Michał , Lindberg David R. , Gillooly James F. , Heim Noel A. , McClain Craig R. , Payne Jonathan L. , Roopnarine Peter D. , Schöne Bernd R. , Goodwin David , Finnegan Seth 
Published: August 2019

AbstractOrganismal metabolic rates reflect the interaction of environmental and physiological factors. Thus, calcifying organisms that record growth history can provide insight into both the ancient environments in which they lived and their own physiology and life history. However, interpreting them requires understanding which environmental factors have the greatest influence on growth rate and the extent to which evolutionary history constrains growth rates across lineages. We integrated satellite measurements of sea-surface temperature and chlorophyll-a concentration with a database of growth coefficients, body sizes, and life spans for 692 populations of living marine bivalves in 195 species, set within the context of a new maximum-likelihood phylogeny of bivalves. We find that environmental predictors overall explain only a small proportion of variation in growth coefficient across all species; temperature is a better predictor of growth coefficient than food supply, and growth coefficient is somewhat more variable at higher summer temperatures. Growth coefficients exhibit moderate phylogenetic signal, and taxonomic membership is a stronger predictor of growth coefficient than any environmental predictor, but phylogenetic inertia cannot fully explain the disjunction between our findings and the extensive body of work demonstrating strong environmental control on growth rates within taxa. Accounting for evolutionary history is critical when considering shells as historical archives. The weak relationship between variation in food supply and variation in growth coefficient in our data set is inconsistent with the hypothesis that the increase in mean body size through the Phanerozoic was driven by increasing productivity enabling faster growth rates.
Israel as homotopia: Language, space, and vicious belonging
Authors: Milani Tommaso M. , Levon Erez 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIsrael has recently succeeded in presenting itself as an attractive haven for LGBT constituencies. In this article, we investigate how this affective traction operates in practice, along with the ambiguous entanglement of normativity and antinormativity as expressed in the agency of some gay Palestinian Israelis vis-à-vis the Israeli homonationalist project. For this purpose, we analyze the documentaryOriented(2015), produced by the British director Jake Witzenfeld together with the Palestinian collective Qambuta Productions. More specifically, the aim of the article is twofold. From a theoretical perspective, we seek to demonstrate how Foucault's notion of heterotopia provides a useful framework for understanding the spatial component of Palestinian Israeli experience, and the push and pull of conflicted identity projects more generally. Empirically, we illustrate how Israel is a homotopia, an inherently ambivalent place that is simultaneously utopian and dystopian, and that generates what we call vicious belonging. (Code-switching, heterotopia, homonationalism, normativity, pinkwashing, sexuality, space)*
What Phoenix'sjoteríais saying: Identity, normativity, resistance
Authors: Cashman Holly R. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis article questions queer theory's investment in antinormativity and anti-identitarianism by applying a queer multimodal discourse analytic approach to the ethnographic context of queer, bilingual Mexicans/Latinxs in the US Southwest. The article explores the complexity of ways that norms are taken up and resisted (or not) in discourse, with particular attention to the activist use of discourses about community and identity. A close analysis of several texts illuminates how language practices and social practices—as seen, for example, in advertising strategies, participation in annual LGBTQ Pride festivals, and activism surrounding the undocuqueer movement—become invested with social meaning among queer Mexicans/Latinxs. (Antinormativity, queer theory, bilingual, sexual identity, community, Latinx, jotería)*
Language, normativity, and sexual orientation obsessive-compulsive disorder (SO-OCD): A corpus-assisted discourse analysis
Authors: Coimbra-Gomes Elvis , Motschenbacher Heiko 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis article presents a case study of the discursive construction of sexual orientation obsessive-compulsive disorder (SO-OCD) as it surfaces in posts to an online mental health forum. SO-OCD is an anxiety disorder that involves having unwanted, intrusive thoughts as a consequence of conflict with normative sexual beliefs. The study focuses on the way normativity regulates communication about sexual identities, desires, and practices in a corpus of online posts by heterosexual men who pathologically doubt their sexual identity. Drawing on quantitative and qualitative corpus linguistic methods, we investigate how writers linguistically orient to normativity in their posts. More specifically, analyses of keywords, n-grams, and concordances are used to uncover linguistic mechanisms that play a central role in users’ orientation to normativity and in the obsessive-compulsive behaviours associated with SO-OCD. (Sexual orientation obsessive-compulsive disorder (SO-OCD), heterosexuality, masculinity, normativity, heteronormativity, critical discourse analysis, corpus linguistics)
No association between zinc and thyroid activity in obese women
Authors: Beserra Jéssica Batista , Morais Jennifer Beatriz Silva , Severo Juliana Soares , Cruz Kyria Jayanne Clímaco , de Oliveira Ana Raquel Soares , de Oliveira Francisco Erasmo , de Matos Neto Emídio Marques , Henriques Gilberto Simeone , Marreiro Dilina do Nascimento 
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Obesity is characterized by changes in the metabolism of zinc and thyroid hormones. Studies have also shown the role of zinc in the function and metabolism of thyroid. The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between serum concentrations of thyroid hormones, dietary zinc intake and zinc distribution in obese women. A case-control study was conducted enrolling 98 women aged between 20 and 50 years old who were divided into case group (BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2) and control group (BMI = 18.5–24.9 kg/m2). Patients underwent anthropometric measurements and analysis of dietary zinc intake, which was performed by a three-day food record. Zinc concentrations in plasma and erythrocytes were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Serum concentrations of thyroid hormones and antibodies were determined by chemiluminescence. Mean values of dietary zinc intake were higher than recommended (10.37 ± 3.12 mg/day and 11.37 ± 4.36 mg/day for control and obeses, respectively). Obese women had reduced plasma (67.22 ± 5.96 μg/dL) and erythrocyte (37.16 ± 3.64 μg Zn/gHb) zinc concentrations when compared to the control group (plasma: 89.71 ± 13.33 μg/dL; erythrocyte: 42.68 ± 3.73 μg Zn/gHb) (p < 0.001). Serum TSH (control: 2.62 ± 1.29 μIU/mL; obeses: 3.08 ± 1.13 μIU/mL), Free T3 (control: 2.19 ± 0.63 pg/dL; obeses: 2.09 ± 0.34 pg/dL), and Free T4 (control: 1.12 ± 0.31 ng/dL; obeses: 1.09 ± 0.19 ng/dL) concentrations were within the normal range in both groups, without significant difference between them (p > 0.05). There was no correlation between thyroid hormone concentrations and zinc parameters (p > 0.05). Although obese women presented hypozincemia, they had normal levels of thyroid hormones and no correlation was found between the studied parameters.
Isolating and Suppressing the Spurious Non‐Diffuse Contributions to Ambient Seismic Field Correlations
Authors: Liu Xin , Beroza Gregory C. , Nakata Nori 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCross correlation of fully diffuse wavefields averaged over time should converge to the Green's function; however, the ambient seismic field in the real Earth is not fully diffuse, which interferes with that convergence. We apply blind signal separation to reduce the effect of spurious non‐diffuse components on the cross‐correlation tensor of the ambient seismic field. We describe the diffuse component as having uncorrelated neighboring frequencies and equal intensity at all azimuths and an independent (i.e., statistically uncorrelated) non‐diffuse component arising from a spatially isolated point source for which neighboring frequencies are correlated. Under the assumption of linear independence of the spurious non‐diffuse wave outside the stationary phase zone and the constructive interference of noise waves within that zone, we can suppress the spurious non‐diffuse component from the noise interferometry. Our numerical simulations show good separation of one spurious non‐diffuse noise source component for either non‐diffuse Rayleigh or Love waves. We apply this separation to the Rayleigh wave component of the Green's function for 136 cross‐correlation pairs from 17 stations in Southern California. We perform beamforming over different frequency bands for the cross correlations before and after the separation and find that the reconstructed Rayleigh waves are more coherent. We also estimate the bias in Rayleigh wave phase velocity for each receiver pair due to the spurious non‐diffuse contribution.
GIGANTEA recruits the UBP12 and UBP13 deubiquitylases to regulate accumulation of the ZTL photoreceptor complex
Authors: Lee Chin-Mei , Li Man-Wah , Feke Ann , Liu Wei , Saffer Adam M. , Gendron Joshua M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractZEITLUPE (ZTL), a photoreceptor with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, communicates end-of-day light conditions to the plant circadian clock. It still remains unclear how ZTL protein accumulates in the light but does not destabilize target proteins before dusk. Two deubiquitylating enzymes, UBIQUITIN-SPECIFIC PROTEASE 12 and 13 (UBP12 and UBP13), which regulate clock period and protein ubiquitylation in a manner opposite to ZTL, associate with the ZTL protein complex. Here we demonstrate that the ZTL interacting partner, GIGANTEA (GI), recruits UBP12 and UBP13 to the ZTL photoreceptor complex. We show that loss of UBP12 and UBP13 reduces ZTL and GI protein levels through a post-transcriptional mechanism. Furthermore, a ZTL target protein is unable to accumulate to normal levels in ubp mutants. This demonstrates that the ZTL photoreceptor complex contains both ubiquitin-conjugating and -deconjugating enzymes, and that these two opposing enzyme types are necessary for circadian clock pacing. This shows that deubiquitylating enzymes are a core element of circadian clocks, conserved from plants to animals.