bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An overview of ABoVE airborne campaign data acquisitions and science opportunities
Authors: Miller C E , Griffith P C , Goetz S J , Hoy E E , Pinto N , McCubbin I B , Thorpe A K , Hofton M , Hodkinson D , Hansen C , Woods J , Larson E , Kasischke E S , Margolis H A 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The 2017 Arctic Boreal Vulnerability Experiment Airborne Campaign (AAC) was one of the largest, most complex airborne science experiments conducted by NASA’s Earth Science Division. Between April and November, the AAC involved ten aircraft in more than 200 science flights that surveyed over 4 million km2 in Alaska and northwestern Canada. Many flights were coordinated with same-day ground-based measurements to link process-level studies with geospatial data products derived from satellite sensors. The AAC collected data spanning the critical intermediate space and time scales that are essential for a comprehensive understanding of scaling across the ABoVE Study Domain and ultimately extrapolation to the pan-Arctic using satellite data and ecosystem models. The AAC provided unique opportunities to validate satellite and airborne remote sensing data and data products for northern high latitude ecosystems. The science strategy coupled domain-wide sampling with L-band and P-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR), imaging spectroscopy, full waveform LIDAR, atmospheric trace gases (including carbon dioxide and methane), as well as focused studies using Ka-band SAR and solar induced chlorophyll fluorescence. Targets of interest included field sites operated by the ABoVE Science Team as well as the intensive and/or long-term sites operated by US and Canadian partners.
Race in the Crucible of Literary Debate
Authors: Jerng Mark C 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBoth Caroline Levine’s Forms (2015) and Rita Felski’s The Limits of Critique (2015) use Bruno Latour’s Actor-Network-Theory to help them theorize reading practices for analyzing the interrelationships between literature and sociopolitical experience. In doing so, both disavow powerful understandings of the “social” produced across race and gender critique in African American and ethnic literary studies. This essay traces a connection backwards from Latour to the sociologist Gabriel Tarde to critiques of sociology by W. E. B. Du Bois. Du Bois’s understanding of the social and literary dimensions of “environing” critique assumptions embedded in the idea of networks, highlighting crucial experiences of being made not to act as constitutive of the social. The argument turns to brief syntheses of work by Saidiya Hartman, Hortense Spillers, Lisa Lowe, and Sau-Ling Cynthia Wong for models of thinking literary and social experience, suggesting that they need to be brought into these discussions of the normative values and methods of literary study. The essay concludes by reconsidering Winfried Fluck’s examination of these normative values in relation to dominant philosophies of history and questioning his assumptions about conditions of unfreedom.
Automated exploration of gene ontology term and pathway networks with ClueGO-REST
Authors: Mlecnik Bernhard , Galon Jérôme , Bindea Gabriela 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Summary
Large scale technologies produce massive amounts of experimental data that need to be investigated. To improve their biological interpretation we have developed ClueGO, a Cytoscape App that selects representative Gene Onology terms and pathways for one or multiple lists of genes/proteins and visualizes them into functionally organized networks. Because of its reliability, userfriendliness and support of many species ClueGO gained a large community of users. To further allow scientists programmatic access to ClueGO with R, Python, JavaScript etc., we implemented the cyREST API into ClueGO. In this article we describe this novel, complementary way of accessing ClueGO via REST, and provide R and Phyton examples to demonstrate how ClueGO workflows can be integrated into bioinformatic analysis pipelines.

Availability and implementation
ClueGO is available in the Cytoscape App Store (http://apps.cytoscape.org/apps/cluego).

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
In Vivo Assay of Cortical Microcircuitry in Frontotemporal Dementia: A Platform for Experimental Medicine Studies
Authors: Shaw Alexander D , Hughes Laura E , Moran Rosalyn , Coyle-Gilchrist Ian , Rittman Tim , Rowe James B 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The analysis of neural circuits can provide crucial insights into the mechanisms of neurodegeneration and dementias, and offer potential quantitative biological tools to assess novel therapeutics. Here we use behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) as a model disease. We demonstrate that inversion of canonical microcircuit models to noninvasive human magnetoencephalography, using dynamic causal modeling, can identify the regional- and laminar-specificity of bvFTD pathophysiology, and their parameters can accurately differentiate patients from matched healthy controls. Using such models, we show that changes in local coupling in frontotemporal dementia underlie the failure to adequately establish sensory predictions, leading to altered prediction error responses in a cortical information-processing hierarchy. Using machine learning, this model-based approach provided greater case–control classification accuracy than conventional evoked cortical responses. We suggest that this approach provides an in vivo platform for testing mechanistic hypotheses about disease progression and pharmacotherapeutics.
Diversity of Feature Selectivity in Macaque Visual Cortex Arising from a Limited Number of Broadly Tuned Input Channels
Authors: Mohan Yamni S , Jayakumar Jaikishan , Lloyd Errol K J , Levichkina Ekaterina , Vidyasagar Trichur R 
Published: March 2019

AbstractSpike (action potential) responses of most primary visual cortical cells in the macaque are sharply tuned for the orientation of a line or an edge, and neurons preferring similar orientations are clustered together in cortical columns. The preferred stimulus orientation of these columns span the full range of orientations, as observed in recordings of spikes and in classical optical imaging of intrinsic signals. However, when we imaged the putative thalamic input to striate cortical cells that can be seen in imaging of intrinsic signals when they are analyzed on a larger spatial scale, we found that the orientation domain map of the primary visual cortex did not show the same diversity of orientations. This map was dominated by just the one orientation that is most commonly preferred by neurons in the retina and the lateral geniculate nucleus. This supports cortical feature selectivity and columnar architecture being built upon feed-forward signals transmitted from the thalamus in a very limited number of broadly tuned input channels.
Estimated Impact of World Health Organization Latent Tuberculosis Screening Guidelines in a Region With a Low Tuberculosis Incidence: Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Ronald Lisa A , Campbell Jonathon R , Rose Caren , Balshaw Robert , Romanowski Kamila , Roth David Z , Marra Fawziah , Schwartzman Kevin , Cook Victoria J , Johnston James C 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Background
Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) screening and treatment is a key component of the World Health Organization (WHO) EndTB Strategy, but the impact of LTBI screening and treatment at a population level is unclear. We aimed to estimate the impact of LTBI screening and treatment in a population of migrants to British Columbia (BC), Canada.

Methods
This retrospective cohort included all individuals (N = 1 080 908) who immigrated to Canada as permanent residents between 1985 and 2012 and were residents in BC at any time up to 2013. Multiple administrative databases were linked to identify people with risk factors who met the WHO strong recommendations for screening: people with tuberculosis (TB) contact, with human immunodeficiency virus, on dialysis, with tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors, who had an organ/haematological transplant, or with silicosis. Additional TB risk factors included immunosuppressive medications, cancer, diabetes, and migration from a country with a high TB burden. We defined active TB as preventable if diagnosed ≥6 months after a risk factor diagnosis. We estimated the number of preventable TB cases, given optimal LTBI screening and treatment, based on these risk factors.

Results
There were 16 085 people (1.5%) identified with WHO strong risk factors. Of the 2814 people with active TB, 118 (4.2%) were considered preventable through screening with WHO risk factors. Less than half (49.4%) were considered preventable with expanded screening to include people migrating from countries with high TB burdens, people who had been prescribed immunosuppressive medications, or people with diabetes or cancer.

Conclusions
The application of WHO LTBI strong recommendations for screening would have minimally impacted the TB incidence in this population. Further high-risk groups must be identified to develop an effective LTBI screening and treatment strategy for low-incidence regions.
Sex Differences in Achievement and Faculty Rank in Academic Infectious Diseases
Authors: Manne-Goehler Jennifer , Kapoor Neena , Blumenthal Daniel M , Stead Wendy 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Background
This study assesses differences in faculty rank between female and male infectious diseases (ID) faculty with academic appointments at US medical schools.

Methods
We analyzed a complete database of US physicians with medical school faculty appointments in 2014. This database consists of a linkage between the American Association of Medical Colleges faculty roster and a physician database from Doximity, and includes physician age, sex, years since residency completion, publications, National Institutes of Health grants, and registered clinical trials for all academic physicians by specialty. We used multivariable logistic regression models with medical school–specific fixed effects to assess sex differences in full professorship by specialty and the relationship between these factors and achieving the rank of full professor within ID. We compared this adjusted difference in ID to that of peer subspecialties.

Results
Among a total of 2016 academic ID physicians, there were 742 (37%) women who together accounted for 48.1% of assistant professors, 39.7% of associate professors, and 19.2% of full professors. Women faculty had fewer total (16.3 vs 28.3, P &lt; .001) and first/last author publications (9.8 vs 20.4, P &lt; .001). In adjusted models, the rate of full professorship (vs assistant or associate) among female compared to male ID physicians was large and significant (absolute adjusted difference, –8.0% [95% confidence interval, –11.9% to –4.1%]). This difference was greater in ID than in cardiology.

Conclusions
Significant sex differences in achieving the rank of full professor exist in academic ID, after adjustment for multiple factors known to influence these outcomes. Greater efforts should be made to address equity in academic ID.
Cooperative Overtaking Assistance System Based on V2V Communications and RTDB
Authors: Elleuch Islam , Makni Achraf , Bouaziz Rafik 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Overtaking maneuvers in roads cause a large number of accidents. To prevent collisions, numerous cooperative overtaking assistance systems, based on Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANET), have been proposed. However, these systems may meet problems in case of data congestion or data loss. To improve overtaking safety, this paper studies the use of Vehicle-To-Vehicle (V2V) communications and Real-Time DataBases (RTDB). More precisely, we suggest a new integrated system, called Cooperative Overtaking Assistance Persistent System (COAPS), to better avoid potential collisions during overtaking maneuvers. Each vehicle stores its information in a local RTDB, along with the adjacent vehicles’ information. While detecting an overtaking intention, the vehicle COAPS queries its database and selects the preceding vehicle(s) and the oncoming one(s) from the other direction to make decision about the overtaking. It controls the overtaking in case of positive decision or reduces the vehicle speed to avoid a collision ahead, in the other case. Simulations of different driving scenarios, under the Vehicles In Network Simulation (VEINS) framework, show that COAPS provides a high level of overtaking safety due to the V2V communications, the RTDB and the notion of Quality of Data used to reduce the number of data freshness transactions.
“We” Before “Me”: Differences in Usage of Collectivistic and Individualistic Language Influence Judgments of Electability and Performance
Authors: Turner Jennifer R , Stanley Jennifer Tehan 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Objectives
Older adults are often judged to be warm, but not competent, which contradicts their representation in positions of authority. This study sought to extend evidence of age differences in more individualistic (e.g., “I”) and collectivistic (e.g., “we”) language and explore their impact on judgments of performance and electability.

Method
Speeches from young and older adults who campaigned for a fictitious position were analyzed using Linguistic and Inquiry Word Count Software. Words fitting specified categories (e.g., pronouns, affect) were compared to outcome judgments obtained from trained coders on the dimensions of performance and electability.

Results
Older adults used significantly more “we”-language. Young adults used more “I”-language, and more positive affect, achievement, and power language. Language choices and coder judgments were associated such that the more “I”-language that was used during the speech, the less electable the candidate was judged. This relationship was not found for “we”-language.

Discussion
This study found no evidence for collectivistic language enhancing ratings of electability or performance; however, an age-invariable, negative relationship was obtained between increased individualistic language and reduced coder judgments of electability. This suggests that speakers should minimize “I”-statements to promote electability, a characteristic that is reflected more in older adults’ speeches than young.
Real-world Pattern of Biologic Use in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Treatment Persistence, Switching, and Importance of Concurrent Immunosuppressive Therapy
Authors: Chen Chao , Hartzema Abraham G , Xiao Hong , Wei Yu-Jung , Chaudhry Naueen , Ewelukwa Ofor , Glover Sarah C , Zimmermann Ellen M 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Background and aims
Medication persistence, defined as the time from drug initiation to discontinuation of therapy, has been suggested as a proxy for real-world therapeutic benefit and safety. This study seeks to compare the persistence of biologic drugs among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Methods
Patients with newly diagnosed IBD were included in a retrospective study using Truven MarketScan database. Treatment persistence and switching was compared among biologic medications including infliximab, adalimumab, certolizumab, golimumab, and vedolizumab. Predictors for discontinuation and switching were evaluated using time-dependent proportional hazard regression.

Results
In total, 5612 patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and 3533 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) were included in this analysis. Less than half of the patients continued using their initial biologic treatment after 1 year (48.48% in CD cohort; 44.78% in UC cohort). In the first year, adalimumab had the highest persistence and lowest switching rates for both CD (median survival time: 1.04 years) and UC (median survival time: 0.84 years). In subsequent years, infliximab users were more likely to persist in the use of biologic. Combination therapy with immunomodulators significantly decreased the risk of discontinuation, especially when immunomodulator therapy was started more than 30 days before the biologic (hazard ratio [HR], 0.22; CI, 0.16, 0.32). The major predictors for noncompliance included infection and hospitalization.

Conclusion
Overall, the persistence profiles of biologics suggest a high rate of dissatisfaction or adverse disease outcomes resulting in discontinuation and switching to a different agent. Early initiation of immunomodulators will substantially increase the persistence of biologic treatment.
Initial Assessment of Post-traumatic Stress in a US Cohort of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients
Authors: Taft Tiffany H , Bedell Alyse , Craven Meredith R , Guadagnoli Livia , Quinton Sarah , Hanauer Stephen B 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Background
Post-traumatic stress (PTS), or the psycho-physiological response to a traumatic or life-threatening event, is implicated in medical patient outcomes. Emerging evidence suggests a complex relationship between PTS, the brain–gut axis, the gut microbiome, and immune function. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may be susceptible to PTS and its subsequent impacts. To date, no study has evaluated PTS in IBD in the United States.

Methods
Adult patients with IBD were recruited from an outpatient gastroenterology practice, via social media, and via a research recruitment website. Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) were recruited as a comparison group. Participants completed demographic and disease information, surgical and hospitalization history, and the PTSD Checklist–Civilian Version (PCL-C). Statistical analyses evaluated rates of PTS in IBD and IBS, including differences between groups for PTS severity. Regression analyses determined potential predictors of PTS.

Results
One hundred eighty-eight participants (131 IBD, 57 IBS) completed the study. Thirty-two percent of IBD and 26% of IBS patients met the criteria for significant PTS symptoms based on PCL-C cutoffs. Inflammatory bowel disease patients are more likely to attribute PTS to their disease than IBS patients. Crohn’s disease (CD) patients appear to be the most likely to experience PTS, including those being hospitalized or undergoing ileostomy surgery. Symptom severity is the greatest predictor of PTS for ulcerative colitis and IBS.

Conclusions
Although PTS is relevant in both IBS and IBD, IBD patients are seemingly more susceptible to PTS due their disease experiences, especially CD patients. The nature of PTS symptoms may contribute to IBD disease processes, most notably through sleep disturbance and ANS arousal. Clinicians should assess for PTS in IBD patients as standard of care, especially after a hospitalization or surgery.
Lens Generalisation of τ-Functions for the Elliptic Discrete Painlevé Equation
Authors: Kels Andrew P , Yamazaki Masahito 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
We propose a new bilinear Hirota equation for $\tau$-functions associated with the $E_8$ root lattice that provides a “lens” generalisation of the $\tau$-functions for the elliptic discrete Painlevé equation. Our equations are characterised by a positive integer $r$ in addition to the usual elliptic parameters and involve a mixture of continuous variables with additional discrete variables, the latter taking values on the $E_8$ root lattice. We construct explicit $W(E_7)$-invariant hypergeometric solutions of this bilinear Hirota equation, which are given in terms of elliptic hypergeometric sum/integrals.
Tedizolid in vitro activity against Gram-positive clinical isolates causing bone and joint infections in hospitals in the USA and Europe (2014–17)
Authors: Carvalhaes Cecilia G , Sader Hélio S , Flamm Robert K , Mendes Rodrigo E 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Background
Despite the advances in current healthcare, bone and joint infections (BJIs) are a major clinical challenge that frequently involve prolonged systemic antibiotic use. Healthcare providers consider tedizolid an attractive candidate for therapy in adults and children with BJI.

Objectives
We tested tedizolid against a US and European collection of Gram-positive BJI isolates (n = 797) consecutively collected from 2014 to 2017.

Methods
Organisms were tested by broth microdilution susceptibility methods following current CLSI guidelines and interpreted by both CLSI and EUCAST breakpoint criteria.

Results
Staphylococcus aureus (59.3%; 58.6% in the USA and 60.4% in Europe) was the most common pathogen with a 29.6% MRSA rate and tedizolid MIC50/90 of 0.12/0.25 mg/L (100% susceptible). CoNS (15.0% of BJI in adults and <5% in children) had tedizolid MIC50/90 values of 0.12/0.12 mg/L (99.1% susceptible). Tedizolid exhibited MIC50/90 values of 0.12/0.25 mg/L for all streptococci and enterococci. Overall, high susceptibility rates (>95%) for vancomycin, daptomycin and linezolid were observed and, based on MIC90 values, tedizolid (MIC90 0.12–0.25 mg/L) was 4- to 8-fold more potent than linezolid (MIC90 0.5–2  mg/L) against this collection of Gram-positive pathogens causing BJI.

Conclusions
This study showed that tedizolid had potent in vitro activity against contemporary Gram-positive cocci causing BJI in adults and children in US and European hospitals.
A Framework for Understanding Consumer Choices for Others
Authors: Liu Peggy J , Dallas Steven K , Fitzsimons Gavan J 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAlthough most research on consumers’ choices, and resulting insights, have focused on choices that consumers make solely for themselves, consumers often make choices for others, and there is a growing literature examining such choices. Theoretically, how can this growing literature be integrated, and what gaps remain? Practically, why should marketers, consumers, and policy makers care when choices are made for others, and what should they do differently? A 2 × 2 framework of consumers’ choices for others addresses these questions. This framework has two fundamental dimensions: the chooser’s social focus (relationship vs. recipient oriented) and the chooser’s consideration of consumption preferences (highlight the recipient’s preferences vs. balance the recipient’s preferences with the chooser’s preferences). These dimensions generate four cells that represent prototypical choosing-for-others contexts: gift-giving (relationship focus, highlighting recipient’s preferences), joint consumption (relationship focus, balancing recipient’s and chooser’s preferences), everyday favors/pick-ups (recipient focus, highlighting recipient’s preferences), and caregiving (recipient focus, balancing recipient’s and chooser’s preferences). This framework captures most choosing-for-others situations, and each cell involves a distinct profile of motives, ultimately affecting choices. This framework integrates the choosing-for-others literature, which we hope will guide future research, and it also offers practical implications for marketers, consumers, and policy makers.