bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial Transcriptomics of Perineural Invasion in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinomas
Authors: Nones Katia , Lakis Vanessa , Chan Noni , Lyons Ruth , Blackburn Nicola , Nguyen Tam , Chang Crystal , Masel Andrew , West Nicholas , Boyle Glen , Patch Ann-MArie , Gill Anthony 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a high incidence of perineural invasion (PNI), a pathological feature of cancer invasion of nerves. PNI is associated with poor prognosis, metastasis, local recurrence and cancer pain. It has been suggested that interactions between nerves and the tumour microenvironment (TME) play a role in the PDAC tumorigenesis, however our ability to study these interactions in patient samples has been technologically limited. Here we used Nanostring GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiler to analyze the whole transcriptome of the cancer and nerve compartments in PNI and non-PNI foci from 13 PDAC patients. We identified previously reported pathways involved in PNI, including Axonal Guidance, ROBO-SLIT Signaling supporting the study approach. Spatial transcriptomics highlighted the potential role of nerve and cancer cells in PNI foci in influencing the immune landscape of the TME and suggested similarities between PNI and nerve injury-response. This study revealed novel pathways, Endocannabinoid and Polyamine metabolism, which may contribute to PNI and cancer pain. These findings require additional in vitro and/or in vivo investigations to dissect the mechanism that Endocannabinoids and Polyamines may play in PNI and cancer growth. These pathways can be targeted providing a potential novel approach to treat PDAC.
A predictive model for distinguishing non-low-risk patients from active surveillance candidates with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma
Authors: Wang Zhengmin , Zhang Yuhan , Xue Shuai 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective:
We aim to introduce more objective indicators and establish a predictive model to improve the accuracy of preoperative diagnosis of low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (LR PTMC) in clinical practice.
Methods:
Non-LR independent risk factors were selected using a backward stepwise regression method. A nomogram was constructed based on the chosen independent risk factors, and the model accuracy, fit, and clinical value were evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.
Results:
After logistic regression screening, we identified the following independent risk factors for non-LR patients: male (2.608 [1.596, 4.238]); younger age (0.959 [9.356, 0.982]); non-clear boundary (11.445 [2.181, 212.610]); aspect ratio > 1 (0.500 [0.306, 0.818]); largest tumor diameter (14.561 [5.133, 42.426]); bilateral (1.534 [1.152, 2.635]); two cancer foci (1.777 [1.116, 3.138]); more than two cancer foci (3.617 [1.889, 6.878]); thyroid-stimulating hormone ≤ 1.22 (1.973 [1.233, 3.147]); absolute lymphocyte count > 1.96 (1.663 [1.033, 2.684]); neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio > 1.22 (1.933 [1.348, 4.461]); thyroglobulin antibody ≤ 1.64 (1.619 [1.105, 2.665]); thyroid peroxidase antibody ≤ 1.06 (1.443 [1.029, 2.339]). A nomogram was constructed based on these risk factors, and the ROC curve showed an area under the curve of 0.812 [95% (CI): 0.7652–0.8584].
Conclusion:
In this study, we developed and validated a predictive model to assist in the preoperative prediction of non-LR PTMC patients. This model contributes to the more accurate and objective diagnosis of LR PTMC for active surveillance, ultimately reducing the rate of missed non-LR PTMC cases and improving patient prognosis.
Accurate POI Recommendation for Random Groups With Improved Graph Neural Networks and Multi-negotiation Model
Authors: Song Xiaoyu , Liu Zhizhong , Meng Lingqiang , Chu Dianhui , Yu Jian , Sheng Quan Z. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

In recent years, the growing prevalence of group activities has increased interest in Point of Interest (POI) recommendations for groups. While progress has been made in recommending POIs for fixed groups, research on personality-aware recommendations for random groups is relatively scarce. Moreover, existing works always recommend a POI list for the group, and let the group to make further choice to determine the optimal POI, which results in poor experience. To solve the above problems, this work proposes a model for Accurate POI Recommendation for Random Group with improved Graph Neural Networks and Multi-negotiation Model (termed as APRRGM). Specifically, APRRGM first produces the fitted feature of the random group based on members' personalities and members' POI interaction data. Then, APRRGM learns POIs' features from the bipartite graph of user and POI with an improved Graph Neural Networks (GNN) while considering members' personalities. Next, APRRGM recommends a POI sequence based on the fitted feature of the random group and the features of POIs. Finally, based on the recommended POI list and members' personalities, APRRGM determines the optimal POI for the random group with an improved multi-negotiation model. Extensive experiments has been conducted on three public benchmark datasets (Yelp, Gowalla and Foursquare), and experimental results have proved that APRRGM has better performance than that of other baseline models.
Trends in the global burden of multiple myeloma, between 1990 and 2021, an up-to-date analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
Authors: Hou Qianru , Li Xinyang , Ma Huanxin , Fu Di , Liao Aijun 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a prevalent hematologic cancer. This investigation analyzes the latest global, regional, and national data from the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD), Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2021.
Methods
Data on the incidence, prevalence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and mortality rates of MM, including estimates and 95% uncertainty intervals, were sourced from the 2021 GBD Study. Furthermore, we explored the trends affecting the MM burden from 1990 to 2021, breaking it down by demographic, age, and epidemiological factors.
Results
By 2021, the global incidence of MM involved 148,754.63 reported cases, with confidence intervals ranging from 131,780.43 to 162,049.23. Worldwide, the number of mortalities attributed to MM reached 116,359.63, with the confidence interval lying between 103,078.62 and 128,470.57, and an age-standardized mortality rate (ASR) of 1.37 per 100,000 individuals, the confidence interval for which was 1.22 to 1.52.
Conclusions
There has been a consistent increase in the incidence, prevalence, and DALYs associated with MM. Most of the disease burden is seen in high income countries though its incidence is on the rise in low-income countries. Forecast for the years 2022–2050 shows the further increase in the incidence, prevalence, DALYs, and age-standardized death rates of MM.
Enhanced Performance of Lithium-Ion Batteries with Lithium Bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide and Lithium Hexafluorophosphate Binary-Salt Electrolytes
Authors: Zeng Xiangbing , Gao Xiuling , Sun ZhengMing 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI) based lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are known for their superior electrochemical performance; however, they are hindered by the severe corrosion of aluminum current collectors. This study extensively explores the effects of a Lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide and lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiFSI-LiPF6) binary-salt electrolyte on both the electrochemical performance and the aluminum corrosion in LIBs. These electrolytes increase in ionic conductivity as the LiFSI concentration rises. Graphite/LNCM cells using LiFSI show reduced resistance, enhanced rate performance, and greater cycling stability. A LIB featuring the LiFSI-LiPF6 (0.4 M LiFSI + 0.7 M LiPF6) binary-salt electrolyte achieves 86.8% capacity retention after 1800 cycles. Furthermore, no aluminum corrosion was detected after extensive high-temperature stability tests. Consequently, this electrolyte configuration offers a promising approach to improve the longevity and storage capabilities of LIBs.
Brain natriuretic peptide and all-cause mortality in patients with kidney failure and haemodialysis treatment
Authors: Svensson Maria K , Nassar Rita , Melin Jan , Lindberg Magnus , Furuland Hans , Stenberg Jenny 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background: Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a biomarker secreted from the heart in response to fluid overload. In patients with kidney failure, inadequate fluid management during haemodialysis may cause fluid overload and overhydration (OH), risk factors for mortality. The aim of this study was to analyse the relationships among BNP, OH and all-cause mortality in patients with kidney failure and haemodialysis.
Methods: In this prospective observational study, five-year survival was analysed in 64 patients with kidney failure and haemodialysis. Univariate correlations were performed to analyse the relationships between BNP, OH, and all-cause mortality. Cox regression analysis was performed to adjust the relationship between BNP and all-cause mortality for selected baseline clinical and biochemical characteristics.
Results: By the end of the study, 33 patients (52%) had died. Age (r=0.38), BNP level (r=0.48), handgrip strength (r=-0.34), lean tissue index (r=-0.41) and CRP level (r=-0.34, p=0.007) were significantly associated with all-cause mortality. BNP was found to be a significant predictor of all-cause mortality (HR 3.1). However, after adjusting for age, sex, handgrip strength, OH and CRP, BNP was no longer a statistically significant predictor of all-cause mortality. Instead, age, handgrip strength and CRP were significant predictors of all-cause mortality (HR 1.04; HR 0.94 and HR 2.41, respectively).
Conclusions: In this study, BNP was correlated with all-cause mortality in patients with kidney failure and haemodialysis, but OH was not. When adjusting for other clinical and biochemical factors, age, inflammation, and handgrip strength were found to be independent and more important predictors of all-cause mortality than BNP.
Identification, comparism of GC/ MS analysis and cytotoxicity of volatile constituents of essential oils in stem, root and leaves of Dioclea reflexa found in South- West, Nigeria
Authors: Kareem Muili Mojisola , Oladimeji Abdulkabir Oladele 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Dioclea reflexa is a plant from Fabaceae family which has been reported from previous studies to possesses pharmacological properties such as antioxidant and antiviral effects. However, no biological activity from its essential oil has been reported in literature. The aim of this work is to analyse the chemical constituents, cytotoxic activity and antioxidant capability of the essential oils from root, stem and leaves of the plant. Volatile oil was obtained via hydro-distillation using a Clevenger apparatus, and were subjected to GC-MS analysis on an Agilent 7809A. Cytotoxic assay was carried out using Brine Shrimp Test (BST), antioxidant assay was carried out using DPPH and FRAP. A total of 63 compounds dominated by 1,8-Cineole (11.9%), α-terpinyl acetate (7.30%) and Borneol acetate (6.37%) were found in the leaves, in the stem with α- terpinyl acetate (11.06 %), camphene (3.94%) and Borneol acetate (7.22%) dominated the compounds and in the root the major compounds includes 1,8-Cineole (6.04%), α-terpinyl acetate (6.78 %) and Borneol acetate (6.43 %). The oil obtained from D. reflexa root is more active than the oil obtained from leaves and stem with LC50 values of 1.0439, 1.8059 and 1.2826 µg/mL respectively. The oil from the leaves showed the least ferric radicals reducing ability with the value of 0.1950 mg Fe2+/g, while the stem showed the highest ferric radicals reducing ability with the value of 0.8751 mg Fe2+/g. The essential oil derived from the stem and root could be used in future application in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
Understanding the Impact of Admissions Variables on Admissions Diversity: A Single Program Review
Authors: Bourassa Michael , Bourassa Allison , Mehta Saurabh 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction Health profession education serves as the initial pipeline for increasing healthcare workforce diversity. Physical therapy is notably lacking in diversity within the healthcare sector. Admission procedures for healthcare programs play a crucial role in diversifying student populations and, consequently, the profession. This study aimed to characterize applicants' demographic and educational profiles applying to a single accredited Doctor of Physical Therapy program and examine factors associated with admission outcomes.
Methods Retrospective data from 1,409 applicants who applied to the Doctor of Physical Therapy program between 2017 and 2022. Data from pre-admission applications encompassed demographic details, overall GPA, prerequisite GPA, GRE scores, average professional reference scores, and admission outcomes. Descriptive statistics were employed, including means, standard deviations, and frequency counts. An Independent Sample T-Test compared variables between minority and White applicants. Additionally, binary logistic regression analyzed the relationship between racial status and admission outcome, with odds ratios indicating significance at p<0.5.
Results Pre-admission cognitive factors varied significantly between White and minority applicants. Among admitted students, minorities tended to have lower GRE scores but higher KGPA scores than White students, with no significant difference in OGPA. Additionally, KGPA, reference scores, and residency status significantly influenced acceptance odds, while factors like GRE score, minority status, age, race, and gender did not impact acceptance rates.
Discussion and Conclusion A diverse healthcare workforce begins with a varied applicant pool. There is a shift towards holistic admissions, away from solely cognitive factors. Programs must balance cognitive and non-cognitive criteria to meet the needs of healthcare education and the broader population.
Enhancing Marine Wildlife Observations: The Application of Tethered Balloon Systems and Advanced Imaging Sensors for Sustainable Marine Energy Development
Authors: Amerson Alicia , Dexheimer Darielle 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

This study investigates the capabilities of a tethered balloon system (TBS) for detecting and monitoring marine wildlife, primarily focusing on gray whales (Eschrichtius robustus) and various avian species. Over 55.7 h of aerial and surface footage were collected, yielding significant findings regarding the detection rates of marine mammals and seabirds. A total of 59 gray whale, 100 avian, and 6 indistinguishable marine mammal targets were identified by the airborne TBS, while surface-based observations recorded 1,409 gray whales, 1,342 avian targets, and several other marine mammals. When the airborne and surface cameras were operating simultaneously, 21% of airborne whale and 34% of airborne avian detections were captured with the airborne TBS camera and undetected with the surface-based camera. The TBS was most effective at altitudes between 50 to 200 m above ground, with variable-pitch scanning patterns providing superior detection of whale blows compared to fixed-pitch and loitering methods. Notably, instances of airborne detections not corroborated by surface observations underscore the benefits of combining aerial monitoring with traditional survey techniques. Additionally, the integration of machine-learning (ML) algorithms into video analysis enhances our capacity for processing large datasets, paving the way for real-time wildlife monitoring. Of the total number of blows detected by an ML algorithm, the percentage of blows identified by a human analyst was greater than that uniquely detected by the algorithm. Notably, more unique detections by the ML algorithm occurred during daylight, suggesting that sun artifacts may hinder human detection performance, thereby highlighting the added value of ML under these conditions. This research lays the groundwork for future studies in marine biodiversity monitoring, emphasizing the importance of innovative aerial surveillance technologies and advanced imaging methodologies in understanding species behavior and informing conservation strategies for sustainable marine energy, offshore wind development, and other marine resource management efforts.
Insights into the blood, gut, and oral microbiomes of myocardial infarction patients
Authors: Khan Ikram , Khan Imran , Xie Ping , Xiaohui Yu , Lei Shengnan , Song Tianzhu , Li Zhiqiang , Xie Xiaodong 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
A growing body of evidence links shifts in blood microbial composition with cardiovascular diseases, particularly myocardial infarction (MI). Recent studies have raised questions regarding a core blood microbiome's existence, positing that microbes may translocate from the gut or oral cavities into the bloodstream. To test this hypothesis, here we examined the blood, gut, and oral microbiome composition in a cohort of MI patients and healthy people (HP).
Methods
A total of 144 samples were collected from 48 participants, including blood, stool, and saliva from 24 HP and 24 MI patients. The samples were then analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing to achieve comprehensive microbial profiling.
Results
Our findings revealed significant shifts in the gut and oral microbiome composition between both groups. Notably, MI patients exhibited a distinct increase in the abundance of Selenomonadaceae, Enterobacterales, and Dialister within their gut microbiota. Similarly, their oral microbiomes showed elevated levels of Actinobacteriota, Streptococcaceae, Micrococcaceae, Coriobacteriaceae, and the genera Streptococcus, Rothia, and Granulicatella. Our findings also revealed potential associations between specific bacteria and MI markers. Gut bacteria such as Lachnospirales, Clostridia, Enterobacterales, Selenomonadaceae, Bifidobacteriales, Bifidobacterium, Lachnospiraceae, and Blautia, along with oral bacteria like Fusobacteriaceae, Fusobacterium, Fusobacteriales, and Fusobacteria, show links to MI markers including triglycerides, LDL, neutrophils, hemoglobin, uric acid, fasting blood glucose, platelets, and total cholesterol. Conversely, analyses of the blood microbiome revealed no notable distinctions in alpha diversity, beta diversity, or predicted functional pathways between the groups.
Conclusion
This study identifies distinct shifts in the gut and oral microbiomes of MI patients, with specific bacteria linked to key MI markers, underscoring a potential gut-oral-cardiovascular axis in disease progression. The lack of unique blood microbiome signatures supports microbial translocation rather than a stable blood microbiome, highlighting the gut and oral microbiota as key players in cardiovascular health.
Efficacy of hydration combined with rectal non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) versus NSAIDs alone for the prevention of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Huimin , Miao Changfeng , Fang Wei , Deng Yuan , Li Xiong , Du Ting , Tian Hongwei 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
The most prevalent complication of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is post-ERCP acute pancreatitis (PEP). Both hydration and rectal non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can effectively prevent PEP; however, the effect of combined treatment is currently highly controversial.
Methods
The PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (last updated in April 2024) were systematically searched to identify and screen potentially eligible studies, from which relevant data were extracted, Review Manager 5.3 was used for meta-analysis to determine the preventive utility of hydration + rectal NSAIDs for PEP.
Results
Eight studies comprising 3467 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Patients were divided into 2 groups (hydration + NSAIDs [n=1651] and NSAIDs alone [n༝1816], a total of 210 patients experienced PEP (hydration + NSAIDs [n༝84] and NSAIDs alone [n༝126]). Results of meta-analysis revealed a significant difference in the incidence of PEP between patients receiving rectal NSAIDs + hydration versus rectal NSAIDs alone (odds ratio [OR] 0.71, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.53–0.94; P = 0.02).
Conclusion
Compared with rectal NSAIDs alone, hydration + NSAIDs significantly reduce the incidence of PEP.
Can Gazefinder® detect specific symptoms of neurodevelopmental disorders in children? – a preliminary study of clinical application to neurodevelopmental screening
Authors: Orui Masatsugu , Ishikuro Mami , Obara Taku , Noda Aoi , Shinoda Genki , Murakami Keiko , Metoki Hirohito , Kikuya Masahiro , Nakaya Naoki , Nishimura Tomoko , Tanaka Keiko , Miyake Yoshihiro , Hozawa Atsushi , Tsuchiya Kenji J , Kuriyama Shinichi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Gazefinder®, an eye-tracking system, was developed to capture atypical gaze patterns of diagnostic value (e.g., limited duration of eye gaze fixation on social information) in people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, whether it can detect specific symptoms of neurodevelopmental disorders other than ASD is unclear. Therefore, indicating associations between neurodevelopmental symptoms and gaze data measured by Gazefinder® is essential for its application in screening neurodevelopmental disorders other than ASD. This large-scale longitudinal study analyzed data from 2,101 subjects to examine associations between the duration of gaze fixation on social information as measured by Gazefinder® at age 4 and subscale scores of the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) at ages 6–7. Results of analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) revealed a significant association between the duration of gaze fixation on social information and SDQ’s peer problems (core feature of ASD). Notably, SDQ’s hyperactivity/inattention (core feature of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)) was also associated with the duration of eye gaze fixation. In conclusion, Gazefinder®’s gaze data at age 4 can detect symptoms of not only ASD but also ADHD at ages 6–7 longitudinally and have potential as a primary screening tool for neurodevelopmental disorders other than ASD.
Optimizing Treatment Strategies for Comminuted Low Pole Patella Fractures: a Comparative Analysis of Anchor Suture With Double Pulley vs Tension Band Wiring vs Hybrid Techniques
Authors: Bomansaan Herman , Ming Lei , Mambwe Getrude , Dassah Richmond Aakaakpe 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background: This study evaluates the clinical effects of three different surgical methods used in treating comminuted fractures of low pole patella fractures in adults.
Results: Surgical time in Group A is longer than that of Group B, while the median surgical time in Group C is the longest among the three groups. Bleeding time in Group A is longer than that of Group B, while the median bleeding volume of Group C is the longest among the three groups. Range of Motion among the groups, Group A had a higher range of motion but just slightly higher than C and B had the least. However, two and three patients in Groups C and B experienced k-wire loosening, wire dislocation and soft tissue irritation caused by k-wires.
Conclusion: TBW, although associated with shorter surgical time and less blood loss has limited efficacy in restoring joint function. Anchor suture with double pulley technique showed the best outcomes among the three groups, despite increased surgical time and blood loss. Compared to TBW and hybrid techniques, anchor suture with double pulley technique proved better ROM and lower complication rates. Therefore, for comminuted low pole patella fractures, anchor suture with double pulley technique may be the optimal choice for satisfactory results.