bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hybrid images as part of the primary school chemistry class instruction: Mastering the concepts of amino acids and proteins
Authors: Rončević Tamara N. , Sedlar Agneš , Rodić Dušica D. , Segedinac Mirjana D. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this study, a set of hybrid images was designed as a new and up‐to‐date unexamined type of external visual representations in the chemistry classroom. One challenging teaching theme was chosen (“Amino acids and proteins”), and the hybrid images were used among novices—primary school students. For the purpose of the study, two groups were formed: experimental and control. The experimental group was taught using the hybrid images, while the control group was subjected to a traditional approach. After conducting the experiment, no statistically significant difference in the average performances between the two groups was found. However, the experimental group outperformed the control group in several test items. Additionally, misconceptions appeared within the C group. The results showed that several hybrid images with a potentially good methodological design might help students to develop conceptual understanding of some important concepts of amino acids and proteins (e.g., formation of peptide bonds). © 2019 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 47(6):644–655, 2019.
One‐stop‐shop totally percutaneous approach for severe aortic and mitral regurgitation in cardiogenic shock
Authors: Pagnotta Paolo A. , Sanz‐Sánchez Jorge , Regazzoli Damiano , Ferrante Giuseppe 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPatients presenting with cardiogenic shock and severe combined aortic and mitral regurgitation represent a major clinical challenge. Therapeutic options are limited in this setting as they are often deemed inoperable due to prohibitive risk for surgery, while mechanical circulatory support is usually contraindicated or technically challenging. Medical therapy, on the other hand, is associated with high‐mortality rates. Therefore, percutaneous therapies may represent an appealing alternative. Here, we present a “one‐stop‐shop” totally percutaneous approach for severe aortic and mitral regurgitation in a patient with cardiogenic shock.
MoP/Co2P Hybrid Nanostructure Anchored on Carbon Fiber Paper as an Effective Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Zhou Panpan , Zhang Yaqi , Ye Bo , Qin Shan , Zhang Rongrong , Chen Tianyun , Xu Huajian , Zheng Lei , Yang Qinghua 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDeveloping low‐cost and effective electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) to replace Pt‐group metals is a continuous challenge. Recently, transition metal phosphides have received increasing attention owing to their high intrinsic activity in catalyzing HER in acidic media. Herein, we reported a novel hybrid nanostructure MoP/Co2P anchored on carbon fiber paper (CFP) (MoP/Co2P/CFP) which was achieved by a facile hydrothermal approach to obtain Co(CO3)0.35Cl0.20(OH)1.10 nanowires array (NA)/CFP, followed by deposition of MoO2 nanoparticles via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) in the presence of MoO3 and a subsequent in situ phosphorization process. It was worth noting that the catalyst exhibited higher catalytic activity for HER in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution, which afforded an overpotential of 140 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2, a Tafel slope of 80 mV dec−1, an exchange current density of 0.153 mA cm−2 and a high electrochemical double‐layer capacitance (Cdl) of 48.2 mF cm−2. Moreover, it also exhibited superior stability and durability in long‐term durability test.
Integrated Industrial Water Management – Challenges, Solutions, and Future Priorities
Authors: Becker Dennis , Jungfer Christina , Track Thomas 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWater is used intensively by various sectors such as agriculture, industry, and the public. Increasing global water demand and the effects of climate change are leading to overuse of water resources in many regions. One strategy to meet these challenges is to implement an integrated industrial water management, e.g., by water reuse or the use of alternative water resources. The development of new concepts and technical, digital, and nontechnical innovations together with priorities will continue to set the course for future integrated water management, particularly in the industrial environment.
The Application of Biomaterials in the Treatment of Platinum‐Resistant Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Levy Arkene , Leynes Carolina , Baig Mirza , Chew Sue Anne 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMore than 70 % of women with ovarian cancer are diagnosed with advanced‐stage disease, which is initially treated with cytoreductive surgery, and combination chemotherapy with platinum‐based compounds. Most patients initially respond to platinum‐based therapy, but eventually up to 80 % of this responsive cohort becomes refractory due to the development of platinum resistance. This review discusses current and potential therapeutic approaches that exploit biomaterial‐based applications to combat platinum resistance either by enhancing the delivery of platinum‐based drugs or prodrugs, delivering other toxic non‐platinum‐based bioactive factors (by themselves or in combination with platinum‐based drugs) or by delivering other bioactive factors that re‐sensitize resistant ovarian cancer cells to these drugs. The types of materials that are used, the bioactive factors applied (i.e., drug or gene delivery), and the specific agents that are employed to target these types of cancer cells are discussed. We conclude that the unique attributes of biomaterial‐based applications can be further explored toward overcoming platinum‐resistant ovarian cancer as monotherapy, or in combination with other treatment strategies.
Enumeration of Fetal Red Blood Cells, Hemoglobin‐Specific RBC Cells, and F Reticulocytes in Human Blood
Authors: Davis Bruce H. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractRecent advances in analytical cytometry have improved diagnostic tools for the study of erythropoiesis in anemic patients and resolution of differential diagnosis in diseases of the erythron. This article presents three applications of red blood cell (RBC) analysis—quantitation of fetal red cells, F‐cell enumeration, and F‐reticulocyte analysis—which improve diagnostic precision, sensitivity, and specificity, and provide better laboratory indicators of therapeutic efficacy in a variety of hematologic and obstetric disorders. Such advances also include the measurement and quantitation of RBC hemoglobins and their relative ribonucleic acid levels. These advances not only promise to improve diagnostic accuracy and laboratory precision over techniques such as the traditional manual reticulocyte counting method and the Kleihauer‐Betke stain method for evaluating fetomaternal hemorrhage (FMH), but also serve as tools for newer assays of anemia diagnosis and improved clinical outcomes. In addition to the primary methods, supporting techniques for preparing spiked controls, automating data analysis, setting up a fetal hemoglobin acquisition protocol, and assaying reticulocytes using thiazole orange are also presented. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
G Protein–Coupled Estrogen Receptor Production Using an Escherichia coli Cell‐Free Expression System
Authors: Souza Samson A. , Kurohara Dane T. , Dabalos Chester L. , Ng Ho Leung 
Published: August 2019

AbstractHeterologous expression of the G protein–coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) comes with a suite of challenges intrinsic to membrane proteins. This receptor's low expression levels and tendency to form insoluble aggregates in Escherichia coli and yeast make it a difficult receptor‐target to study. In this unit, we detail steps to produce monomeric GPER using a precipitation‐based cell‐free system. We provide information on the DNA construct for expression, the pipetting scheme for the reaction supplements to generate a master mix, and the cell‐free reaction setup. In the last portion of this unit, we outline steps for solubilization and purification, and we provide a viable method for qualitatively observing functionality by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry detection. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
SDN‐DMM for intelligent mobility management in heterogeneous mobile IP networks
Authors: Cordova Rodrygo Torres , Gondim Paulo R. L. , Llerena Yarisley P. , Lloret Jaime 
Published: August 2019

SummaryMobility management applied to the traditional architecture of the Internet has become a great challenge because of the exponential growth in the number of devices that can connect to the network. This article proposes a Software‐Defined Networking (SDN)‐based architecture, called SDN‐DMM (SDN‐Distributed Mobility Management), that deals with the distributed mode of mobility management in heterogeneous access networks in a simplified and efficient way, ensuring mainly the continuity of IP sessions. Intent‐based mobility management with an IP mapping schema for mobile node identification offers optimized routing without tunneling techniques, hence, an efficient use of the network infrastructure. The simplified mobility control API reduces both signaling and handover latency costs and provides a better scalability and performance in comparison with traditional and SDN‐based DMM approaches. An analytical evaluation of such costs demonstrated the better performance of SDN‐DMM, and a proof of concept of the proposal was implemented in a real environment.
Secret key rates of free‐space optical continuous‐variable quantum key distribution
Authors: Gyongyosi Laszlo , Imre Sandor 
Published: August 2019

SummaryIn this letter, we derive the maximal achievable secret key rates for continuous‐variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) over free‐space optical (FSO) quantum channels. We provide a channel decomposition for FSO‐CVQKD quantum channels and study the SNR (signal‐to‐noise ratio) characteristics. The analytical derivations focus particularly on the low‐SNR scenarios. The results are convenient for wireless quantum key distribution and for the quantum Internet.
Evolution of uracil based thymidine phosphorylase inhibitors, SAR and electronic correlation: revisit
Authors: Dorababu Atukuri 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThymidine phosphorylase (TPase), a dimeric proteinaceous enzyme is responsible for elevation of drug resistance and cell apoptosis. Increased TPase levels lead to angiogenesis which is a major culprit for the metastasis and cancer in the body. Hence, an efficient approach for anticancer drug discovery is based up on inhibition of thymidine phosphorylase enzyme. Solving of the crystal structure of TPase made the drug discovery easier. Legion of drugs was designed and synthesized having a wide variety of structural moieties and different functionalities such as phosphonic acid, amines, arylamines, acetamides, benzoyl, esters, amides, and so forth. Among the structural designs and models engineered, uracil is one of the structural motifs utilized for drug design. In this review, uracil is chosen where in structural unit with its structural modifications were summarized. Uracil unit could be structurally modified at its N1, N3, C5, and C6 positions to afford innumerable uracil derivatives. In general consensus, N1‐ and N3‐substituted uracil derivatives resulted in diminished/lower inhibitory activities which might be attributed to reduced acidic character. Whereas, substitution at 5‐ and 6‐positions have yielded fruitful results and excellent thymidine phosphorylase inhibitors prevailed. Furthermore, uracil possessing nucleoside uridine/deoxyuridine was also derivatized to afford potential TPase inhibitors. 3′‐ & 5′‐Hydroxyl groups of uridine/deoxyuridine were also exploited for derivative preparation and some of them were found to be potent TPase inhibitors.
Exploring taxonomic diversity and biogeography of the family Nemacheilinae (Cypriniformes)
Authors: Chen Weitao , Yang Jiping , Li Yuefei , Li Xinhui 
Published: August 2019

AbstractNemacheilidae, in the superfamily Cobitoidea, is comprised of many of morphologically similar fish species that occur in Eurasian water bodies. This large group shows inconsistencies between traditional morphological taxonomy and molecular phylogenetic data. We used mitochondrial genomes, recombinase‐activating gene proteins 1 (RAG1) and the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I gene (COI) to study the phylogenetic relationships among Nemacheilidae species using Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood approaches. Phylogenetic analyses based on mitogenomes provided support for two clades (I and II). The mitogenomes, RAG1, and COI results indicated that several species and genera were not consistent with the traditional morphological subdivisions. The two clades inferred from mitogenomes showed clear geographical patterns. The Tibetan Plateau, Hengduan Mountains, and the Iran Plateau may act as a barrier dividing the clades. The estimated timing of clades separation (36.05 million years ago) coincides with the first uplift of the Tibetan Plateau. We conclude that the geological history of the Tibetan Plateau played a role in the diversification and distribution of the Nemacheilidae taxa. These results provided a phylogenetic framework for future studies of this complex group.
Non‐Glovebox Ethenolysis of Ethyl Oleate and FAME at Larger Scale Utilizing a Cyclic (Alkyl)(Amino)Carbene Ruthenium Catalyst
Authors: Kajetanowicz Anna , Chwalba Michał , Gawin Anna , Tracz Andrzej , Grela Karol 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA ruthenium metathesis catalyst Ru1 bearing a cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene (CAAC) ligand is used in the ethenolysis reaction of biosourced 90% pure undistilled ethyl oleate or technical fatty acid methyl esters mixture with grade 3 ethylene, to yield 1‐decene and valuable terminal unsaturated 9‐decenoic acid ester. Under optimized conditions (25 ppm of catalyst Ru1, 20 bar, 50 °C, 2 h, use of metal scavenger/quenching agent, SnatchCat), the title reaction proceeds with high productivity (up to 70% conversion) and selectivity, and is tested in scale up to 1 L, with the exclusion of a glovebox or Schlenk techniques usage, and the ethenolysis products are isolated by fractional distillation. In addition, a large‐scale synthesis of Ru1 is presented.Practical Applications: Decreasing availability of fossil organic feedstock and current policies of the European Union drives scientists to look for alternative sustainable sources of fine chemicals. In this context, olefin metathesis based ethenolysis of transesterified seed oils studied herein shows a significant potential as a sustainable way to obtain valuable products, such as 1‐decene and valuable terminal unsaturated 9‐decenoic acid ester. Unlike other published studies on ethenolysis, in the present work, the focus is on optimizing this reaction under industrially practical conditions, thus utilizing an air‐stable catalyst, technical grade oleic substrates, grade 3 ethylene, and excluding the use of a glovebox or Schlenk techniques.
Investigation and implementation of compressed air powered motorbike engines
Authors: Nabil Tamer 
Published: August 2019

Over the last decades, fossil fuel resources have become very limited due to their tremendous use. Our dependence on fossil fuels has brought many environmental complications, but vehicles using compressed air as a fuel are still considered a dream. The compressed air engine (CAE) is receiving attention worldwide because it has the advantage of being renewable and has zero exhaust emissions. Motorbike engines have the highest percentage emissions of any fuel operated engines. Currently, in Egypt, there are more than 3 million motorcycles (motorbikes and covered three‐wheeled motorbikes called tuktuk) powered by fossil fuels. This paper provides an overview of air power engine for motorcycles, called air bikes. The objective is to modify the four stroke petrol engine into a CAE by replacing the spark plug by solenoid valve and using the infrared modules for piston timing. A prototype of an air powered motorbike engine is implemented by modification of an 150 cm3 Dayun petrol engine. The modified CAE speed is 300 rpm at 8 bar air pressure with 7.8 Nm torque and 245 watt power. The efficiency of the CAE reaches 9.6%. Yet, due to low‐pressure value utilization, the performance of the investigated CAE is still so poor that it clearly has a minor impact in motive power and hinders its commercialization.
Design, economic, and environmental assessments of linear Fresnel solar power plants
Authors: Mihoub Sofiane 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn the present work, the design‐environmental and economic (D2E) comparative study of seven different configurations of Linear Fresnel solar thermal power plants using two‐generation modes (direct and indirect steam generation) with nine various working fluids, with and without integrated thermal energy storage or/and backup fuel system is presented, with minimum levelized cost of energy (LCOE) as objective. This study is based on a power plant of capacity of 50 MW. A sensitivity analysis is developed to optimize the solar multiple of the solar field, Fossil fuel fraction of backup system (BS), and TES hours capacity, using System Advisor Model software. The results show that the wrong choice of plant's components and inexact performance optimization lead to the increasing cost of electricity generated due to operating costs and additional investments. The BS was the most significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions at all sites, contributing over 90% of total emissions, due to its relative contribution (95 kg/MWh). Finally, the combination of the storage and BSs in molten salt mode makes it more competitive under Algerian climates, which confirms that molten salt linear Fresnel solar plant with 25% of a BS and 6 hr of the storage system is the best and optimum solution.
The impact of task difficulty on the lateralization of processing in the human auditory cortex
Authors: Brechmann André , Angenstein Nicole 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPerception of complex auditory stimuli like speech requires the simultaneous processing of different fundamental acoustic parameters. The contribution of left and right auditory cortex (AC) in the processing of these parameters differs. In addition, activity within the AC can vary positively or negatively with task performance depending on the type of task. This might affect the allocation of processing to the left and right AC. Here we studied with functional magnetic resonance imaging the impact of task difficulty on the degree of involvement of the left and right AC in two tasks that have previously been shown to differ in hemispheric involvement: categorization and sequential comparison of the direction of frequency modulations (FM). Task difficulty was manipulated by changing the speed of modulation and by that the frequency range covered by the FM. To study the impact of task‐difficulty despite covarying the stimulus parameters, we utilized the contralateral noise procedure that allows comparing AC activation unconfounded by bottom‐up driven activity. The easiest conditions confirmed the known right AC involvement during the categorization task and the left AC involvement during the comparison task. The involvement of the right AC increased with increasing task difficulty for both tasks presumably due to the common task component of categorizing FM direction. The involvement of left AC varied with task difficulty depending on the task. Thus, task difficulty has a strong impact on lateralized processing in AC. This connection must be taken into account when interpreting future results on lateralized processing in the AC.
Multi‐institutional analysis of outcomes following transoral surgery for HPV‐positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in elderly patients
Authors: Jackson Ryan S. , Chen Stephanie , Last Aisling , Khan Amish , Kallogjeri Dorina , Van Abel Kathryn M. , Moore Eric J. , Pipkorn Patrik 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)‐related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is rising, even in elderly patients. The outcomes of transoral surgery (TOS) in this population are not entirely known.MethodsA retrospective review was performed at two institutions from October 2003 to September 2016 on patients 70 years or older with HPV‐related OPSCC treated with TOS.ResultsA total of 75 patients were included with a mean age of 74 years (70‐87 years). At a median follow‐up of 35.7 months, 3‐year overall survival was 81.5% and disease‐specific survival was 94.3%. Advanced cT stage (odds ratio, 2.74; 95% confidence interval, 1.13‐6.64) negatively impacted OS. Conjunctive consolidation was performed to create a staging system with patients older than 80 years, severe comorbidity, and cT3‐4 having worse survival.ConclusionsElderly patients with HPV‐related OPSCC treated with TOS have excellent survival and therefore should not be excluded from such therapy based on age alone.
Conversion of tropical forests to agriculture alters the accrual, stoichiometry, nutrient limitation, and taxonomic composition of stream periphyton
Authors: Tromboni Flavia , Lourenço‐Amorim Christine , Neres‐Lima Vinicius , Thomas Steven A. , Silva‐Araújo Monalisa , Feijó‐Lima Rafael , Silva‐Júnior Eduardo F. , Heatherly Thomas , Moulton Timothy P. , Zandonà Eugenia 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe conversion of forests to agriculture in tropical areas profoundly changes adjacent streams by modifying hydrological conditions, altering light regimes, and increasing nutrient concentrations. In this study, we used an integrative approach to examine how transformations of intact forests affected the physical, chemical, and biological properties of periphyton, in three Brazilian Atlantic rainforest streams. We found that riparian land use change affected the stream periphyton in a variety of ways that were linked to the availability of light and nutrients. Periphyton standing stocks and accrual rates of new periphyton biomass on tiles were higher in deforested reaches than forested reaches. Linear mixed‐model analyses showed that the increase of chlorophyll‐a in the periphyton was explained by the increase in deforestation and soluble reactive phosphorus concentration. Deforestation also altered periphyton stoichiometry as deforested streams exhibited lower C:P, whereas C:N ratios decreased with increasing NH4+ concentration that was higher in some deforested reaches. Periphyton productivity appeared to be limited by light in forested reaches and by nutrients in deforested reaches. There was differential availability of nitrogen and phosphorus in the deforested reaches, depending on land use type, and this resulted in different nutrient limitation. Periphyton community structure shifted from taxa less tolerant to high nutrients and light found in forested sites, to species tolerant to these conditions dominating periphyton assemblages in deforested sites. The loss of canopy cover was the strongest predictor of community composition for all sites, whereas phosphorus concentration was the best predictor of algal abundance in deforested reaches. This study highlights the complex effects of forest clearing on stream periphyton, ranging from changes to biomass accrual, nutrient limitation, stoichiometry, and community structure. We show the importance of using a comprehensive approach to help determine and predict how deforestation impacts stream ecosystems.