bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing research quality of studies on VEMPs in central neurological disorders: a scoping review
Authors: Deriu Franca , Ginatempo Francesca , Manca Andrea 
Published: July 2019

Common pitfalls in vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) recording methods have been extensively outlined by several reviews. Conversely, the robustness of research methodology employed for the design and conduct of VEMP studies has never been appraised. To fill this void, we conducted a scoping review to map and evaluate the overall quality of the existing literature on VEMPs in central neurological disorders. Five databases were searched from inception to October 2018 for case-control studies on multiple sclerosis (MS), cerebellar and/or brainstem strokes, Parkinson's disease (PD), migraine, and tumors of the cerebellopontine angle. Study quality was assessed using the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality criteria (AHRQ). The 11-criteria AHRQ scoring system revealed that PD studies achieved a score of 5/11, migraine and cerebellar and/or brainstem stroke a score of 4/11, MS and tumors of the cerebellopontine angle a score of 3/11. Age was found to be one of the main sources of case-control imbalance: compared with controls, cases were significantly older with a 3.6-yr difference in MS studies, 6 yr in PD, up to 12 yr in stroke and tumors. Regardless of pathological condition, case-control groups were found unmatched also by gender. Post hoc power calculations revealed that 53% of the studies achieved the minimum statistical power of 80%. This scoping review revealed low research quality across the literature on VEMPs in central neurological disorders. Scoping lines are provided on actions to be undertaken in future studies to establish a common methodological platform and enhance the quality of research in this field. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Robust methodology is a prerequisite for any type of research, particularly for observational designs such as those employed in vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) research. On these premises, this scoping review provides methodological guidelines to improve validity, accuracy and consistency of clinical outcomes from VEMP studies involving central nervous system disorders. In fact, the high risk for bias that is inherent to poor methodology threatens the validity of the findings of works that are technically sound but methodologically flawed.
Risk of Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Mortality After Convexity Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy
Authors: Calviere Lionel , Viguier Alain , Patsoura Sofia , Rousseau Vanessa , Albucher Jean-François , Planton Mélanie , Pariente Jérémie , Cognard Christophe , Olivot Jean-Marc , Bonneville Fabrice , Raposo Nicolas 
Published: July 2019

Background and Purpose—
Convexity subarachnoid hemorrhage (cSAH) is an increasingly recognized presentation of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), usually revealed by transient symptoms, but data on its outcome are limited. We compared the risk of future intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), cSAH, and death in patients with CAA after cSAH and after lobar ICH.

Methods—
Consecutive patients with probable CAA, based on the Boston criteria, presenting with cSAH (CAA-cSAH) or lobar ICH (CAA-ICH) were included. We obtained baseline clinical and magnetic resonance imaging data and follow-up information. Univariable and multivariable analyses were used to compare incidence rate for symptomatic ICH, symptomatic cSAH, and late-death (beyond 30 days) between patients with CAA-cSAH and CAA-ICH.

Results—
Among 105 patients (mean age, 76.7±7.5 years) enrolled, 44 participants presented with CAA-cSAH and 61 with CAA-ICH. The median follow-up was 22.2 months (interquartile range, 12.6–34.4). The symptomatic ICH rate (per person-year) was 10.5% (95% CI, 5.6–19.4) in patients with CAA-cSAH compared with 8.5% (95% CI, 4.4–16.4) in those with CAA-ICH (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.32–3.43). The annual incidence rates of symptomatic cSAH (9.9% versus 3.8%; adjusted hazard ratio, 1.77; 95% CI, 0.43–7.28) and death (9.5% versus 17.8%; adjusted hazard ratio, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.22–1.43) were not significantly different between patients with CAA-cSAH and those with CAA-ICH.

Conclusions—
Patients with CAA-related cSAH have a poor outcome, with similar high risk of future ICH and long-term mortality than CAA patients after lobar ICH. Our findings may have important prognostic implication and guide management of patients with cSAH in CAA.
<span class="fontstyle0">Morphology and phylogeny reveal </span><span class="fontstyle2">Stemphylium dianthi </span><span class="fontstyle0">sp. nov. and new host records for the sexual morphs of</span><span class="fontstyle2">S. beticola</span><span class="fontstyle0">, </span><span class="fontstyle2">S. gracilariae</span><span class="fontstyle0">, </span><span class="fontstyle2">S. simmonsii </span><span class="fontstyle0">and </span><span class="fontstyle2">S. vesicarium</span><span class="fontstyle0">from Italy and Russia</span>
Authors: BRAHMANAGE RASHIKA S. , WANASINGHE DHANUSHKA N. , DAYARATHNE MONIKA C. , JEEWON RAJESH , YAN JIYE , BULGAKOV TIMUR S. , CAMPORESI ERIO , KAKUMYAN PATTANA , HYDE KEVIN D. , LI XINGHONG 
Published: July 2019

In an investigation of related pleosporalean taxa collected from Italy and Russia, a novel species, Stemphylium dianthi and new host and geographical records ofS. beticola, S. gracilariae, S. simmonsii and S. vesicarium are reported. Stemphylium is a genus of filamentous ascomycetes comprising plant pathogens and saprobes in the family Pleosporaceae. Our new species, S. dianthi is a dematiaceous hyphomycete, which can be distinguished from other hyphomycetes as it forms phaeodictyospores based on the percurrent rejuvenation of its conidiophores, and apically swollen conidiogenous cells. The sexual morphs ofS. gracilariaeand S. vesicarium are new host records from Italy and Russia respectively. Stemphylium beticola from dead stem of Dianthus capitatus and S. simmonsii from Acer campestre are herein described from a natural host substrate for the first time. An updated phylogenetic tree for Stemphylium is constructed using multi-genes (ITS, gapdh and cmdA) to confirm the phylogenetic relationships of Stemphylium species presented in this study. This paper provides morphological descriptions, illustrations and molecular data for each taxon.
Observations of the first GameSense-branded responsible gambling centre in a US casino
Authors: Gray Heather M , Keating Layne , Shaffer Howard J , LaPlante Debi A 
Published: July 2019

Objective: To help mitigate potential gambling harm, responsible gambling information centres are launching across casino venues in North America. The launch of the first such centre in the USA provided an opportunity to achieve three goals: (1) document the centre’s reach among casino patrons, (2) generate a comprehensive description of services provided, and (3) explore the potential for a dose–response relationship between centre exposure and gambling beliefs and behaviour. Design: We documented services provided and surveyed consecutive centre visitors. Setting: We achieved these goals at the GameSense Info Center, located in the first Massachusetts casino. Method: Programme staff recorded their services via electronic checklist and administered one-page surveys to visitors with whom they discussed problem or responsible gambling. Results: Programme staff reported engaging directly with approximately 1% of daily patrons. About 70% of their interactions were casual. During conversations that did move beyond a casual nature, programme staff typically provided information about responsible gambling, consistent with patrons’ self-reported needs and concerns. Finally, among a sample of patrons who repeatedly engaged with programme staff at the most involved level ( N = 129), those with relatively little programme exposure were more likely to hold an accurate gambling belief but less likely to report having set time limits on their casino visits. Conclusion: We did not observe support for the notion that using an on-site information centre to teach patrons about important gambling concepts is associated with more responsible gambling behaviour.
Preparation of Orientation and Mobility Specialist Students Who are Blind and Have Low Vision: Survey of Faculty Who Teach Blindfold and Simulation Cane Courses
Authors: Griffin-Shirley Nora , Bozeman Laura , Obiero Nereah A. , Steinle Kyle J. , Page Anita 
Published: July 2019

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to survey the faculty of personnel preparation programs that train orientation and mobility (O&M) specialists in the identification of accommodations, teaching techniques, and resources needed to teach students who are visually impaired (i.e., those who are blind or have low vision) and who are enrolled in blindfold and simulation cane courses (hereafter, cane courses). Cane courses are used to teach the techniques of independent cane travel, and they require total visual occlusion using blindfolds as well as simulated low vision using goggles that depict different visual acuities and field losses. Methods: This study surveyed personnel preparation programs training O&M specialists with an online questionnaire with open-ended items to identify the program’s required accommodations, teaching techniques, and resources needed to teach visually impaired students who are enrolled in cane courses. The survey was e-mailed to 22 universities in North America, which have personnel preparation programs for O&M specialists and asked for responses from individuals who teach cane courses. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the survey data. Results: Results showed that the format of the cane courses was varied, a variety of accommodations and teaching strategies were used, and the universities’ office of disabled students generally did not know how to accommodate these courses. Discussion: A need exists for a student who is visually impaired to be an experienced traveler and to be knowledgeable about what accommodations and strategies he or she will use when they need to teach a fellow student during a cane course. Visually impaired students must be able to monitor the safety of their peers as well as the changing dynamics of the environment in which they are working. Implication for practitioners: To effectively teach visually impaired students who are enrolled in cane courses, university faculty teaching these courses could request prospective visually impaired students to provide documentation regarding their travel skills prior to acceptance into a personnel preparation program in O&M. In addition, students with visual impairments need to discuss with their universities’ office of disabled students and legal counsel what reasonable accommodations are relevant for visually impaired students enrolled in the cane courses and what accommodations they believe the universities are committed to providing these students.
Perspective-Taking Interventions for Intergenerational Caregivers of Alzheimer’s Diseases: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Au Alma , Lai Daniel W. L. , Biggs Simon , Cheng Sheung-Tak , Haapala-Biggs Irja , Chow Amy , Gallagher-Thompson Dolores 
Published: July 2019

Purpose: The present study examined the effects of perspective-taking (PT) intervention in the context of intergenerational caregiving. Method: Seventy-two adult child caregivers of persons living with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) were randomized into two 8-week interventions: (1) connecting through caregiving (CTC: 37 participants) with intergenerational PT reappraisals and (2) basic skill building (BSB: 35 participants). The CTC intervention focused on PT reappraisals aiming to promote balance between self-care and caring of others: (1) connecting with self through enhancing self-awareness, (2) connecting with the care recipient through empathetic understanding, and (3) connecting with others who can help. Results: As compared to the BSB group, the CTC group reported significantly higher increase in the level of life satisfaction and also greater reductions in depressive symptoms and burden. PT was found to mediate between intervention effects and change in life satisfaction. Discussion: The results provided evidence for the efficacy of the CTC program in enhancing the well-being of AD caregivers.
Defending Local Autonomy and Facing Cultural Trauma: A Nahua Order against Idolatry, Tlaxcala, 1543
Authors: Olko Justyna , Brylak Agnieszka 
Published: July 2019

AbstractOn February 12, 1543, in the city of Tlaxcala an indigenous governor, don Valeriano Castañeda, issued an order putting local alguaciles in charge of overseeing possible idolatrous or sinful acts in several localities. This document, housed in the Archivo Histórico del Estado de Tlaxcala, is probably the earliest dated Nahuatl document known to date. This essay, apart from transcribing and translating this brief, important testimony that deals with the extirpation of old beliefs, sets the text in the wider social, political, and religious context of the period immediately after a series of violent inquisitional acts in the mid- and late 1520s and late 1530s. The issuing of such an order by a member of the Tlaxcalan political elite is a clear example of a carefully implemented act of long-term indigenous agency, aimed at constructing and extending the domains of native power following the cultural trauma of the conquest and Christianization.
Stealing Words, Transplanting Images
Authors: Liu Yu-jen 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This article explores how the category “Chinese art” was articulated and consolidated in the early twentieth century by focusing on Stephen Bushell's Chinese Art, the first book in English defined in terms of this category. Bushell's monograph highlights the intercultural character of the category, which was transformed in its content and cultural significance, when ostensibly the same authentic knowledge, articulated in verbal and visual representations, was moved from China to Europe and back again. The article starts by examining how Bushell's insider knowledge of Chinese art was transformed to fit the institutional setting of the Victoria and Albert Museum. It then explores how the authoritative knowledge of Chinese art communicated in Bushell's book was appropriated in China by the journal Guocui xuebao 國粹學報 (Journal of National Essence) in the context of attempts to revive national culture. Both cases involved hitherto unnoticed repetitions of text and images. By analyzing the mechanism informing these repetitions, this article reveals the entangled history behind the distinctive articulations of “Chinese art” in Britain and in China. Moreover, the analysis shows how the same elements, whether words or pictures, acquired a substantially different significance as they moved between cultures. This is exemplified by the formulation of the newly emergent classifying category Zhongguo meishupin 中國美術品 (“Chinese art objects”) in Guocui xuebao.
Curating A Third Gender: Beautiful Youths in Japanese Prints
Authors: Ikeda Asato 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Should we discuss practices around sex and sexuality in early modern Japan as a distinct, foreign phenomenon entirely unique to the period and culture, or can we somehow draw a genealogy and create a trans-historical narrative that ends with today's LGBTQ+ culture? These questions were central to the process of organizing the exhibition A Third Gender: Beautiful Youths in Japanese Prints at the Royal Ontario Museum (ROM) in Toronto in 2016. The exhibition focused on visual representations of male youths, called wakashu in Japanese, who were the object of sexual desire for both women and adult men in Edo-era Japan. Presented in the form of an exhibition, the project necessitated engaging the past with the present and the general public with scholarship. In this short reflection essay, the author and curator explains how the Third Gender project approached the question of Edo-era Japan's trans-historicity.
Relative Effort while Walking Is Higher among Women Who Are Obese, and Older Women
Authors: KOUSHYAR HODA , ANDERSON DENNIS E. , NUSSBAUM MAURY A. , MADIGAN MICHAEL L. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Individuals who are obese, and older individuals, exhibit gait alterations that may result, in part, from walking with greater effort relative to their maximum strength capacity. The goal of this study was to investigate obesity-related and age-related differences in relative effort during gait.

Methods
Four groups of women completed the study, including 10 younger healthy-weight, 10 younger obese, 10 older healthy-weight, and 9 older obese women. The protocol included strength measurements at the hip, knee, and ankle in both flexion and extension, and gait trials under self-selected and constrained (1.5 m·s−1 gait speed and 0.65-m step length) conditions. Relative effort was calculated as the ratio of joint torques during gait, and strength from a subject-specific model that predicted strength as a function of joint angle.

Results
Relative effort during self-selected gait was higher among women who were obese in knee extension (P = 0.028) and ankle plantar flexion (P = 0.013). Although both joint torques and strength were higher among women who were obese, these increases in relative effort were attributed to greater obesity-related increases in joint torques than strength. Relative effort was also higher among older women in hip flexion (P < 0.001) and knee extension (P = 0.008), and attributed to age-related strength loss. Results were generally similar between self-selected and constrained gait, indicating the greater relative effort among women who were obese and older women was not attributed to differences in gait spatiotemporal characteristics.

Conclusions
Women who were obese, as well as older women, walk with greater relative effort. These results may help explain the compromised walking ability among these individuals.
The benefits of a hospital palliative care team
Authors: Sganga Federica , Barillaro Christian , Tamburrano Andrea , Nicolotti Nicola , Cambieri Andrea , Bernabei Roberto , Turriziani Adriana 
Published: July 2019

Aim: To investigate the association between a hospital palliative care unit assessment and hospital outcome. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study. Data were assessed from all patients treated and followed by the hospital palliative care team (HPCT) from November 2016 until December 2017. Results: The mean age of the 588 patients was 73.15±13.6 years. All of the patients included in the study were referred to palliative care. A large proportion of patients were affected by cancer, 69.7% (410), while 30.3% (178) were affected by an advanced chronic illness. The three most frequent cancers were: gastrointestinal (n=81, 19.8%), gynaecological (n=66, 16.1%) and lung (n=63, 15.4%); the three most frequent chronic advanced diseases were: advanced dementia (n=45, 25.3%), severe ischaemic/haemorrhagic stroke (n=36, 20.2%) and severe heart failure (n=25, 15.3%). The majority of patients were in clinical wards (n=476, 81.0%) and the average length of stay was 22.9 days. Hospital outcome trends were evaluated in terms of length of stay and number of deaths that occurred in the hospital. In particular, length of stay decreased from 25.8 days to 18.1 days, hospital death from 13 to 0 during the time that the HPCT assessed patients for an appropriate discharge. Conclusion: The HPCT is an effective means of managing patients affected by severe illness, reducing the number of deaths that occur within the hospital, long periods of hospitalisation and instances of readmission. However, further studies are required to fully assess the impact of an HPCT on hospital outcomes.
An electronic patient-reported outcomes measurement system in paediatric orthopaedics
Authors: Sabatino M. J. , Gans C. V. , Zynda A. J. , Chung J. S. , Miller S. M. , Wilson P. L. , Jo C. H. , Ellis H. B. 
Published: July 2019

Purpose The purpose of the study was to evaluate the reliability, review differences and assess patient satisfaction of electronic patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) compared with paper PROMs. Methods Participants between 12 and 19 years of age with a knee-related primary complaint were randomized into two groups. Group 1 completed paper PROMs followed by electronic, while Group 2 received the electronic followed by paper. PROMs included the Pediatric International Knee Documentation Committee (Pedi-IKDC), Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) Pediatric Functional Activity Brief Scale (HSS Pedi-FABS), Tegner Activity Level Scale, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), PedsQL Teen and a satisfaction survey. Results In all, 87 participants were enrolled with one excluded due to incomplete PROMs. Of the 86 participants, 54 were female and 32 were male with an average age of 14.3 years (12 to 18). A high degree of reliability was found when comparing the paper and electronic versions of the Pedi-IKDC (0.946; p < 0.001), HSS Pedi-FABS (0.923; p < 0.001), PedsQL Teen (0.894; p < 0.001), Tegner Activity Level Scale before injury (0.848; p < 0.001) and the Tegner Activity Level Scale after (0.930; p < 0.001). Differences were noted between the VAS scores, with paper scores being significantly higher than electronic (5.3 versus 4.6; p < 0.001). While not significant, a trend was noted in which electronic PROMs took, overall, less time than paper (10.0 mins versus 11.2 mins; p = 0.096). Of all participants, 69.8% preferred the electronic PROMs, 67.4% felt they were faster, 93.0% stated they would complete forms at home prior to appointments and 91.8% were not concerned about the safety/privacy of electronic forms. Conclusion PROMs captured electronically were reliable when compared with paper. Electronic PROMs may be quicker, will not require manual scoring and are preferred by patients. Level of Evidence II
Association between low-grade chronic inflammation with adipocytokines and body fat mass in superobese male children
Authors: Hendarto Aryono , Sastroasmoro Sudigdo , Sjarif Damayanti Rusli 
Published: July 2019

Background Obesity causes adipocytokines dysregulation and enhances the pro-inflammatory response. Low-grade chronic inflammation is related to cardiometabolic diseases.
Objective To evaluate the status of low-grade chronic inflammation in pre-pubertal, obese boys and its potential correlation to adipocytokines and body fat mass.
Methods This cross-sectional study included pre-pubertal, male, superobese children as the subjects. We determined obesity status using the CDC 2000 BMI-for-age chart. Body fat percentage was measured using bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA). Fasting blood specimens were collected to evaluate hsCRP, leptin, adiponectin, and TNF-α levels.
Results Eighty subjects were recruited into this study, with a mean age of 6.9 years. Ten subjects (12.5%) had low-grade chronic inflammation (hsCRP level ≥ 1 mg/L). The levels of hsCRP was not correlated with leptin, adiponectin, and TNF-α levels. A weak, but significant correlation was observed between hsCRP level and body fat mass (r= +0.383; P<0.0001). The hsCRP level increased with increasing body fat mass, until it reached its peak at body fat mass of 28 kg. Beyond that point, hsCRP level was stable.
Conclusion Low-grade chronic inflammation begins at a young age in obese children. The hsCRP level has a weak correlation with body fat mass, but no correlation with adipocytokine levels. Prevention and treatment of childhood obesity should be prioritized to prevent further cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.