bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method to simultaneously determinate chlorpyrifos, imidacloprid and imidacloprid metabolites in wheat
Authors: Huang Min , Qin Xinxian , Luo Xiaoshuang , Yu Weiwei , Yang Guoqiang , Zhang Kankan , Hu Deyu 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated to simultaneously determine chlorpyrifos, imidacloprid, and imidacloprid metabolites in soil, wheat grain, and wheat straw matrices. Satisfactory linearity (R2 ≥ 0.9965) of the method was obtained for all analytes. The ranges of limits of detection and limits of quantification for seven analytes in three matrices were 0.17–66.7 and 0.5–200 μg/kg, respectively. Average recoveries were 72.85–81.25% for chlorpyrifos, 78.54–84.70% for imidacloprid, 73.83–81.03% for imidacloprid olefin, 71.47–80.61% for 5‐hydroxy imidacloprid, 71.79–81.32% for imidacloprid urea, 70.42–82.20% for imidacloprid nitroguanidine, and 70.91–82.46% for imidacloprid 6‐chloronicotinic acid in soil, wheat grain, and wheat straw. The intra‐ and interday relative standard deviations were less than 8%. The established method was successfully applied for the residual analysis of chlorpyrifos, imidacloprid, and imidacloprid metabolites in actual soil, wheat grain, and wheat straw samples. The results indicated that the established method could be used to detect trace amounts of chlorpyrifos, imidacloprid, and imidacloprid metabolites in wheat and that the method might be able to provide some data on the detection of these seven compounds in other crops.
Improvement of the Fourier Transform Near Infrared Method to Evaluate Extra Virgin Olive Oils by Analyzing 1,2‐Diacylglycerols and 1,3‐Diacylglycerols and Adding Unesterified Fatty Acids
Authors: Azizian Hormoz , Wang Selina C. , Li Xueqi , Kramer John K. G. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractExtra virgin olive oils (EVOO) command higher prices because they contain health‐promoting nutrients and desirable sensory characteristics. Many targeted methods have limited success in determining olive oil authenticity. Therefore, attention has been paid to rapid spectroscopic methods that provide the composition of multiple components. A Fourier transform near infrared (FT‐NIR) method was reported that identified five major fatty acids and volatiles in EVOO, plus four models that identify common adulterants and their content. However, it did not include diacylglycerol (DAG) and unesterified fatty acids (FFA) known to be associated with freshness of the oil. The newly improved FT‐NIR method now includes 1,2‐DAG and 1,3‐DAG models based on the DAG isomer content in freshly prepared EVOO, and a FFA model based on quantitative addition of oleic acid. The new FT‐NIR method was used to reassess previously used EVOO products to evaluate their freshness. Based on these results and review of the published data, we propose several revisions to the EVOO regulation: limit FFA to ≤0.5%, include 1,2‐DAG and 1,3‐DAG in standard, place no limit on 1,2‐DAG because it characterizes the oils, set the 1,3‐DAG content to ≤1.0%, and lower the content of 18:2n‐6 to 1.5%.
A new numerical model for understanding free and dissolved gas progression toward the atmosphere in aquatic methane seepage systems
Authors: Jansson Pär , Ferré Bénédicte , Silyakova Anna , Dølven Knut Ola , Omstedt Anders 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe present a marine two‐phase gas model in one dimension (M2PG1) resolving interaction between the free and dissolved gas phases and the gas propagation toward the atmosphere in aquatic environments. The motivation for the model development was to improve the understanding of benthic methane seepage impact on aquatic environments and its effect on atmospheric greenhouse gas composition. Rising, dissolution, and exsolution of a wide size‐range of bubbles comprising several gas species are modeled simultaneously with the evolution of the aqueous gas concentrations. A model sensitivity analysis elucidates the relative importance of process parameterizations and environmental effects on the gas behavior. The parameterization of transfer velocity across bubble rims has the greatest influence on the resulting gas distribution, and bubble sizes are critical for predicting the fate of emitted bubble gas. High salinity increases the rise height of bubbles; whereas temperature does not significantly alter it. Vertical mixing and aerobic oxidation play insignificant roles in environments where advection is important. The model, applied in an Arctic Ocean methane seepage location, showed good agreement with acoustically derived bubble rise heights and in situ sampled methane concentration profiles. Coupled with numerical ocean circulation and biogeochemical models, M2PG1 could predict the impact of benthic methane emissions on the marine environment and the atmosphere on long time scales and large spatial scales. Because of its flexibility, M2PG1 can be applied in a wide variety of environmental settings and future M2PG1 applications may include gas leakage from seafloor installations and bubble injection by wave action.
Conformal Stretch Sensors for High Resolution Motion Sensing and Control
Authors: Lin Lancy , Chu Michael , Park Sun‐Jun , Zakashansky Julia Alice , Khine Michelle 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWhile motion sensors such as accelerometers are commonplace now, highly sensitive conformal sensors that can quantify fine motion with high resolution remain to be realized. Current strain sensors exhibit a trade‐off between dynamic range and strain sensitivity; these sensors therefore are not suitable for applications that require both large strain and excellent signal resolution, such as gesture control for virtual and augmented reality or feedback or prosthetics. Shape‐memory polymers coupled with thin films on stretchable elastomeric support substrates have recently emerged as fabrication platforms that improve strain sensor characteristics. Herein, skin‐mountable strain sensors are introduced, with large dynamic ranges (over 350%), higher gauge factor (GF) with linear responses to strain (from 0–150%), smaller footprint sizes, and less hysteresis compared to other sensors. It is demonstrated that these sensors are able to resolve down to 5° resolution of the proximal interphalangeal joint, which would enable gesture control for gaming and other motion sensing and control applications. Because these sensors have a small form factor and are low‐cost and disposable, such technology can find various electronic applications.
Decomposition of integral self‐affine multi‐tiles
Authors: Fu Xiaoye , Gabardo Jean‐Pierre 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn contrast to the situation with self‐affine tiles, the representation of self‐affine multi‐tiles may not be unique (for a fixed dilation matrix). Let be an integral self‐affine multi‐tile associated with an integral, expansive matrix B and let K tile by translates of . In this work, we propose a stepwise method to decompose K into measure disjoint pieces satisfying in such a way that the collection of sets forms an integral self‐affine collection associated with the matrix B and this with a minimum number of pieces . When used on a given measurable subset K which tiles by translates of , this decomposition terminates after finitely many steps if and only if the set K is an integral self‐affine multi‐tile. Furthermore, we show that the minimal decomposition we provide is unique.
Update on treatments for nonmotor symptoms of Parkinson's disease—an evidence‐based medicine review
Authors: Seppi Klaus , Ray Chaudhuri K. , Coelho Miguel , Fox Susan H. , Katzenschlager Regina , Perez Lloret Santiago , Weintraub Daniel , Sampaio Cristina ,   and the collaborators of the Parkinson's Disease Update on Non‐Motor Symptoms Study Group on behalf of the Movement Disorders Society Evidence‐Based Medicine Committee
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo update evidence‐based medicine recommendations for treating nonmotor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD).BackgroundThe International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society Evidence‐Based Medicine Committee's recommendations for treatments of PD were first published in 2002, updated in 2011, and now updated again through December 31, 2016.MethodsLevel I studies testing pharmacological, surgical, or nonpharmacological interventions for the treatment of nonmotor symptoms in PD were reviewed. Criteria for inclusion and quality scoring were as previously reported. The disorders covered were a range of neuropsychiatric symptoms, autonomic dysfunction, disorders of sleep and wakefulness, pain, fatigue, impaired olfaction, and ophthalmologic dysfunction. Clinical efficacy, implications for clinical practice, and safety conclusions are reported.ResultsA total of 37 new studies qualified for review. There were no randomized controlled trials that met inclusion criteria for the treatment of anxiety disorders, rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder, excessive sweating, impaired olfaction, or ophthalmologic dysfunction. We identified clinically useful or possibly useful interventions for the treatment of depression, apathy, impulse control and related disorders, dementia, psychosis, insomnia, daytime sleepiness, drooling, orthostatic hypotension, gastrointestinal dysfunction, urinary dysfunction, erectile dysfunction, fatigue, and pain. There were no clinically useful interventions identified to treat non‐dementia‐level cognitive impairment.ConclusionsThe evidence base for treating a range of nonmotor symptoms in PD has grown substantially in recent years. However, treatment options overall remain limited given the high prevalence and adverse impact of these disorders, so the development and testing of new treatments for nonmotor symptoms in PD remains a top priority. © 2019 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
An optical wireless communication system deploying active high‐pass pre‐emphasis circuit for high speed application
Authors: Silveira David , Wijekoon Wimansha , Lee Ghang‐Ho 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis article presents a high‐speed optical wireless communication link with a newly proposed pre‐emphasis circuit to increase transmission performance at higher data rates. The effectiveness of the pre‐emphasis circuit has been verified through testing on an optical wireless link implemented with existing laser communications components in our laboratory operating at 1550 nm. When the proposed pre‐emphasis circuit is included in the optical wireless link, we achieved bit‐error‐rate (BER) power penalty improvements of 1.6, 2.2, and 1.0 dB at 155 Mbps, 622 Mbps, and 1.244 Gbps, respectively at the BER of 2 × 10−3 compared with the optical wireless communication links without pre‐emphasis circuit. For the lower BER of 10−9, BER power penalty improvements of 2.2, 3.7, 0.7 dB at 155 Mbps, 622 Mbps, and 1.244 Gbps are observed, which show the effectiveness of our proposed pre‐emphasis circuit in optical wireless communications link.
The negative impact of the environment on methylation/epigenetic marking in gametes and embryos: A plea for action to protect the fertility of future generations
Authors: Menezo Yves , Dale Brian , Elder Kay 
Published: January 2019

Life expectancy has increased since World War II, and this may be attributed to several aspects of modern lifestyles. However, now we are faced with a downturn, which seems to be the result of environmental issues. This paradigm is paralleled with reduced human fertility, decreased sperm quality, increased premature ovarian failure, and diminished ovarian reserve syndromes.Endocrine disruptor chemicals and other toxic chemicals, herbicides, pesticides, plasticizers, to mention a few, are a rising concern in today's environment. Some of these are commonly used in the domestic setting: cleaning material and cosmetics and they have a known impact on epigenesis and imprinting via perturbation of methylation processes. Pollution from polyaromatic hydrocarbons, particulate matter <10 and <2.5 μm, and ozone released into the air, all affect fertility. Poor food processing management is a source of DNA adduct formation, which impairs the quality of gametes. An important concern is the nanoparticles that are present in food and are thought to induce oxidative stress. Now is the time to take a step backward. Global management of the environment and food production is required urgently to protect the fertility of future generations.
Mapping hepatic blood oxygenation by quantitative BOLD (qBOLD) MRI
Authors: Wengler Kenneth , Wang Jinhong , Serrano Sosa Mario , Gumus Serter , He Andrea , Hussain Shahid , Huang Chuan , Tae Bae Kyong , He Xiang 
Published: January 2019

PurposeAbnormalities in hepatic oxygen delivery and oxygen consumption may serve as a significant indicator of hepatic cellular dysfunction and may predict treatment response. However, conventional and oxygen‐enhanced hepatic BOLD MRI can only provide semiquantitative assessment of hepatic oxygenation.MethodsA hepatic quantitative BOLD (qBOLD) model was proposed for noninvasive mapping of hepatic venous blood oxygen saturation (Yv) and deoxygenated blood volume (DBV) in human subjects. The validity and the estimation bias of the proposed model were evaluated by Monte Carlo simulations. Eight healthy subjects were scanned after written consent with institutional review board approval.ResultsMonte Carlo simulations demonstrated that the proposed single‐compartment hepatic qBOLD model leads to significant deviation of the predicted T2* decay profile from the simulated signal due to high hepatic blood volume fraction. Small relative estimation bias for hepatic Yv and significant overestimation for hepatic DBV were observed, which can be corrected by applying the calibration curves established from simulations. After correction, the mean hepatic Yv in human subjects was 56.8 ± 6.8%, and the mean hepatic DBV was 0.190 ± 0.035, consistent with measurements from other invasive approaches. Except in regions with significant vascular contamination, the maps for hepatic Yv and DBV were relatively homogenous.ConclusionsWith estimation bias correction, the hepatic qBOLD approach enables noninvasive mapping of hepatic blood volume and oxygenation in human subjects. The established protocol may be used to quantitatively assess hepatic tissue hypoxia in multiple liver diseases.
Fabrication of superabsorbent nanofibers based on sodium polyacrylate/poly(vinyl alcohol) and their water absorption characteristics
Authors: Choi Sejin , Kim Hye Ri , Kim Han Seong 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTSuperabsorbent polymers (SAPs) have been widely studied and used in various industries. In this study, SAPs based on sodium polyacrylate (NaPAA) and poly(vinyl alcohol) were successfully prepared in the form of nanofibers using the electrospinning technique. The heat‐treated superabsorbent nanofibers (SANs) with 7 wt% of NaPAA and containing both crystal structures and crosslinks presented the best absorption performance, with up to 3.9 times and 134% increase in the absorption area and swelling ratio, respectively. Furthermore, the crystal structure and crosslinking of the SANs enabled them to maintain their fiber network during water absorption and recovery. The absorption rate of SANs having both crystal structures and crosslinks was slightly lower than that of nanofibers with only crystal structures, but it was still higher than that of SAPs because of the highly porous nature of the nanowebs. The easy processing and structural stability of SANs are expected to be useful in a wide range of applications. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
How Energetic are cyclo‐Pentazolates?
Authors: Christe Karl O. , Dixon David A. , Vasiliu Monica , Haiges Ralf , Hu Bingcheng 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe enthalpies of formation of the cyclo‐pentazolates and azides of N2H5+, NH3OH+, NH4+, C(NH2)3+, and N(CH3)4+ were calculated with the G3MP2 method and together with the experimental densities used to predict with the Cheetah program the performances of these salts as explosives and propellants. As explosives, the cyclo‐N5− (c‐N5−) salts outperform the corresponding azides by a significant amount but as rocket propellants, their performance is slightly inferior. Although the c‐N5− salts are potential building blocks for future energetic materials, their predicted performances are not revolutionary, fall within the range of CHNO compounds, and do not approach those expected for polynitrogen cations or neutral polynitrogens. Our lattice energy calculations also indicate that the previously reported experimental value of 114.28±0.84 kJ mol−1 for the enthalpy of formation of solid NH4N3 may need revision.
Global reactivity indexes and nonparametric statistics in the study of the proapoptotic activity of coumarins
Authors: Guerrero Tomás , Torices‐Saucedo Adrián , Castro María Eugenia , Juárez‐Cerrillo Sergio F. , Meléndez Francisco J. , Matus Myrna H. , Durand‐Niconoff J. Sergio 
Published: January 2019

AbstractCoumarins are widely distributed as secondary metabolites and are popular structural motifs among known anticancer agents; their planarity and electronic environment are very important building blocks for bioactive compounds. Due to the broad scope of their biological activity, anticancer properties of these molecules remain an important goal for medicinal chemistry. In this work, the knowledge and understanding of the correlation between electronic environment and global reactivity of a series of hydroxycoumarins lead to develop a statistical model to study the proapoptotic activity of this type of compounds. Thus, the analysis of the charge distribution within the molecule and experimental data of proapoptotic activity of known coumarins are analyzed through a regression model. This model offers the possibility of predicting whether a structural related coumarin will show the desired activity or not, which increases the ability to a target‐directed approach in the development of anticancer therapeutic agents.
Long‐term outcomes of freeze‐all strategy: A retrospective analysis from a single ART center in Japan
Authors: Asada Yoshimasa , Tokoro Mikiko , Sonohara Megumi , Fukunaga Noritaka , Hattori Yukio , Hashiba Yoshiki 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPurposeTo demonstrate the benefits of the freeze‐all strategy for in vitro fertilization treatment based on retrospective analyses.MethodsPost‐thaw embryo survival rates of slow‐frozen embryos in 294 cycles and vitrified embryos in 12 195 cycles were assessed. Progesterone (P4) and estradiol (E2) levels per mature oocyte by age category were assessed in 9081 cycles and pregnancy rates with fresh embryo transfer and frozen‐thawed embryo transfer by P4 level were assessed in 1535 cycles.ResultsThe survival rates of frozen‐thawed embryos were 92.5% with slow freezing and 99.1% with vitrification. P4 levels on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) injection showed a trend toward an increase with age. The pregnancy rate per mature oocyte with fresh embryo transfer decreased dependently upon P4 level, while that with frozen‐thawed embryo transfer was not affected by P4 level. The pregnancy rates with frozen‐thawed embryo transfer were higher than those with fresh embryo transfer in patients aged 42 years or younger.ConclusionsThe freeze‐all strategy is a valuable treatment option which allows the separation of an embryo transfer cycle from an oocyte retrieval cycle, especially for patients with high P4 levels at oocyte retrieval and patients of advanced maternal age.
Fish passes design discharge requirements for successful operation
Authors: Wolter Christian , Schomaker Christian 
Published: January 2019

AbstractLongitudinal connectivity is one of the prime issues addressed in river restoration our days. At the same time, mitigation of climate change impacts by modes of renewable energy increasingly puts pressure on the remaining free flowing river stretches for hydroelectricity production. At the site level, this trade‐off manifests in the negotiation of water for upstream and downstream fish passage versus losses for hydroelectricity production. This study has compiled and analysed 193 studies evaluating fish passes designed to provide upstream migration for all species and size classes of the respective river system. The overall assessment of functioning and discharge dedicated to fish pass maintenance, site, and river characters were provided by the studies. The main objective here was deriving general guidance for the minimum amount of water needed for fully functioning upstream fish passage in relation to river size. There was a significant correlation between functionality and design discharge of a fish pass. Fully functioning fish passes (N = 92) had median design discharge of 5% of the mean average discharge of the river, restrictedly functioning of 1.1% and not functioning of 0.22%. A power model could be derived of design discharge needs in relation to river discharge, which is inversely related to river size. In large rivers, a rather small share of mean discharge is sufficient, whereas in small rivers, it cannot be further downscaled due to dimensions. This model might provide first guidance in adjusting needs for both hydroelectricity generation and fish conservation in regulated rivers.
Perfluoroheptane‐Loaded Hollow Gold Nanoshells Reduce Nanobubble Threshold Flux
Authors: Shin Jeong Eun , Ogunyankin Maria O. , Zasadzinski Joseph A. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe threshold flux for nanobubble formation and liposome rupture is reduced by 50–60% by adding a liquid mixture of tetradecanol and perfluoroheptane to the interior cavity of 40 nm diameter hollow gold nanoshells (HGN), and allowing the tetradecanol to solidify to hold the perfluoroheptane in place. On absorption of picosecond pulses of near‐infrared light, the perfluoroheptane vaporizes to initiate cavitation‐like nanobubbles as the HGN temperature increases. The lower spinodal temperature and heat capacity of perfluoroheptane relative to water causes the threshold flux for nanobubble formation to decrease. The perfluoroheptane‐containing HGN can be linked via thiol–PEG–lipid tethers to carboxyfluorescein‐containing liposomes and shows a similar decreased flux necessary for liposome contents release.
Counterfactual knowability revisited
Authors: Schlöder Julian J. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAnti-realism is plagued by Fitch’s paradox: the remarkable result that if one accepts that all truths are knowable, minimal assumptions about the nature of knowledge entail that every truth is known. Dorothy Edgington suggests to address this problem by understanding p is knowable to be a counterfactual claim, but her proposal must contend with a forceful objection by Timothy Williamson. I revisit Edgington’s basic idea and find that Williamson’s objection is obviated by a refined understanding of counterfactual knowability that is grounded in possible courses of inquiry. I arrive at a precise definition of knowability that is not just a technical avoidance of paradox, but is metaphysically sound and does justice to the anti-realist idea.