bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Civic Engagement: A Physician's Perspective
Authors: Beninger Paul 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Deep currents of cultural change are having an effect on the medical profession, beginning with gradual decreases in membership numbers in county, state, and national organizations that influence education, training, policy making in the health care sector, and political lobbying, and with gradual increases in membership numbers in specialty organizations that provide educational materials and meeting venues for physicians to remain current in their specialties and to develop and maintain professional relationships. Concurrent with the demographic changes, medical professionalism has become a growing movement to organize accepted professional behaviors into ten commitments, two of which, improving access to care and just distribution of finite resources, are consistent with Russell L. Gruen's concept of civic mindedness. There are also increasing numbers of physician-activists who are emphasizing the need for greater civic engagement. Medical institutions have the opportunity to build on these commitments to inculcate strong social skills and civic attitudes and behaviors at all levels of education, training, and medical practice for the betterment of patients and for the greater public health of the community and the country.
Multilevel analysis concerning the relationship between social vulnerability and the healthy use of leisure time in children and adolescents in Argentina: A national population-based study
Authors: Moyano Daniela , Forclaz Zarina , Chaparro Raúl M. , Hernández-Vásquez Akram , Perovic Nilda R. 
Published: October 2018

Background: Leisure time is a human right and has to be considered part of any health promotion initiative aimed at children and adolescents. The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between social vulnerability and the healthy use of leisure time in children and adolescents in urban contexts of Argentina, in 2012. Methods: A cross-sectional and analytical study using data from the Module on Activities of Girls, Boys and Adolescents of the Annual Urban Household Survey was carried out. In this survey, a self-administered instrument was applied to 25,915 individuals aged from 5 to 17. A Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) was developed. Association was estimated by multilevel logistic regression. Results: Children and adolescents use most of their leisure time to carry out school activities (90.1%) with art activities having the lowest percentage (21.8%). In the multilevel models on the relationship between a high SVI and non-performance of socialization activities, the OR was 1.99 (p = 0.002, 95% CI: 1.28-3.12). The association between high SVI and non-use of ICT gave an OR of 14.17 (p < 0.001, 95% CI: 5.13-39.17), and between high SVI and non-use of internet, an OR of 21.89 (p < 0.001, 95% CI: 7.50-63.88). Conclusions: A high SVI negatively impacts on some healthy activities of leisure time for children and adolescents in Argentina. The SVI could be a useful tool to guide health promotion initiatives in this population.
Identifying the challenges in implementing open science
Authors: Ali-Khan Sarah E. , Jean Antoine , Gold E. Richard 
Published: October 2018

Areas of open science (OS) policy and practice are already relatively well-advanced in several countries and sectors through the initiatives of some governments, funders, philanthropy, researchers and the community. Nevertheless, the current research and innovation system, including in the focus of this report, the life sciences, remains weighted against OS. In October 2017, thought-leaders from across the world gathered at an Open Science Leadership Forum in the Washington DC office of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation to share their views on what successful OS looks like. We focused on OS partnerships as this is an emerging model that aims to accelerate science and innovation. These outcomes are captured in a first meeting report: Defining Success in Open Science. On several occasions, these conversations turned to the challenges that must be addressed and new policies required to effectively and sustainably advance OS practice. Thereupon, in this report, we describe the concerns raised and what is needed to address them supplemented by our review of the literature, and suggest the stakeholder groups that may be best placed to begin to take action. It emerges that to be successful, OS will require the active engagement of all stakeholders: while the research community must develop research questions, identify partners and networks, policy communities need to create an environment that is supportive of experimentation by removing barriers. This report aims to contribute to ongoing discussions about OS and its implementation. It is also part of a step-wise process to develop and mobilize a toolkit of quantitative and qualitative indicators to assist global stakeholders in implementing high value OS collaborations. Currently in co-development through an open and international process, this set of measures will allow the generation of needed evidence on the influence of OS partnerships on research, innovation, and critical social and economic goals.
Serum Folate Forms Are Stable during Repeated Analysis in the Presence of Ascorbic Acid and during Frozen Sample Storage
Authors: Paladugula Neelima , Fazili Zia , Sternberg Maya R , Gabey Gwendolyn , Pfeiffer Christine M 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Background
Serum folate forms, and particularly tetrahydrofolate, are sensitive to oxidation.

Methods
Using a repeated measures design, we investigated the stability of folate forms in convenience samples with added ascorbic acid (AA; 5 g/L) analyzed initially and after variable (approximately 1–33 weeks) storage time at −70 °C. We examined the recovery of tetrahydrofolate added at different spiking levels to serum with and without AA (5 g/L). We also assessed the long-term frozen storage stability of folate forms.

Results
Repeat analysis produced consistent results with the initial analysis; the mean relative change (95% CI; Lin's concordance correlation between initial and repeat result; sample size) was 0.08% (−0.24% to 0.39%; r c = 0.999; n = 301) for 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, 4.23% (2.44%–6.05%; r c = 0.984; n = 211) for pyrazino-s-triazine derivative of 4α-hydroxy-5-methyltetrahydrofolate (MeFox), −0.22% (−1.90% to 1.49%; r c = 0.986; n = 214) for folic acid, and 1.49% (−2.71% to 5.88%; r c = 0.889; n = 81) for tetrahydrofolate. Linear regression testing for a time trend indicated an estimated average percent change of less than ±5% for samples retested after 4 months: 5-methyltetrahydrofolate P trend = 0.0007, folic acid P trend &lt; 0.0001, MeFox P trend = 0.38, and tetrahydrofolate P trend = 0.0256. The mean ± SD tetrahydrofolate spiking recovery was 96.7% ± 9.4% for serum with added AA, but &lt;50% for serum without added AA. We observed ≤10% loss for most serum folate forms during 4 years of storage at −70 °C.

Conclusions
Serum containing added AA showed acceptable stability of folate forms during repeat analysis from the same vial within 4 months, complete spiking recovery of tetrahydrofolate during sample processing, and long-term frozen storage stability of folate forms.
Street style, smelling and hanging out: Experimental methods of fashion research
Authors: Crepax Rosa 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Feminist research of fashion, which is committed to understanding women’s experience with style in all its multiplicity and richness, is open to a variety of new interdisciplinary perspectives. Mirroring the open-ended nature of the contemporary world and the vivacious and fast-paced quality of the fashion scene, creative, experimental and innovative methods of sociocultural research represent a crucial attempt in capturing the diversity, variety and exceptionality of feminine fashion. This article discusses a methodologically innovative case study conducted for my research. It reflects on the feminist approach used in the creative experimental exploration of women’s experiences with fashion in everyday life, and on the contextual value of combining uncommon methods of inquiry such as street-style photography, hanging out, sketching and the collection of olfactory perceptions. Discussing how this experimental methodology goes beyond both traditional interviews and ethnography, the article draws attention to a series of questions that arise from its development and application: how does the emergence of innovative methods of fashion research respond to contemporary changes in the fashion industry? How are these methods influenced by the current fashion scene? How are they able to account for it? What are the implications of their relationship in terms of feminist research practice?
DKNY – city connection: The impact of New York City on the brand and the designer
Authors: Odabaşi Sanem 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Countries and cities are influential in the formation of brands and the identity of designers, as well as being areas that shape creative thinking. The relationships that fashion designers have with their geographies influence and differentiate their creative power and production.
New York, Tokyo, London, Milan and Paris are renowned as the five ‘fashion capitals’, and all are known for their distinct fashion style. Paris, for instance, is defined through its haute couture while London is associated with avant-gardism and quirkiness and ‘New York’ often signifies casual ready-towear designs for the urban businesswoman (Loschek 2009; Rocamora 2009). The nature of a place affects what products can actually proliferate, and since places do differ from one another, so too do the products differ depending on where they are produced (Molotch 2003: 157).
Donna Karan, a New York-based ready-to-wear designer, conveys a certain imaginary related to New York culture, both in her brand and in her designs, and often draws on the city’s unique features in her work. Here, the cultural values and content related to New York City that Donna Karan builds into her work are explored.
‘Her heart knows my heart for a brief moment’: Mediated affect and utopian impulse in Many Moons (2011) by Alice Birch
Authors: Escoda Clara 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This article reads Many Moons (2011), by British playwright Alice Birch, from the point of view of the ‘affective turn’ that has recently taken place in the humanities and social sciences. While acknowledging recent critiques on affect theory, this article considers its political potential and analyses two of the stratgies through which Many Moons seeks to interrupt the ‘mediated affect[s]’ of consumer capitalist societies. These strategies, which can be considered ‘utopian performatives’, take the form of moments of ‘radical naivety’on the part of the characters, and of the dramatization of a face-to-face encounter between two characters: Meg and Robert. The article finally explores the extent to which these strategies seek to invite spectators to break with the dominant ‘distribution of the sensible’, ultimately contributing to create ‘a new affective topology of the possible’.
Hearing silence in Dylan Tighe’s Record: Madness, autobiographical performance and the ethical encounter
Authors: Venn Jon 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This article addresses the possibility of an ethical encounter in autobiographical performance concerning madness. Using previous work on autobiographical performance and the ethical thought of Emmanuel Levinas, it specifically analyses Dylan Tighe’s RECORD, an autobiographical work detailing Tighe’s experience with Ireland’s psychiatric system. It interrogates the relationship between the political and ethical in terms of madness. It argues against the notion that an ethical encounter develops automatically through the presence of the performer. Instead, it suggests such an encounter is inculcated through the particular aesthetic and political structure of the performance. The article analyses how RECORD uses and positions multiple forms of silence against one another to achieve such an effect. It notes how through the silence of RECORD, aesthetic interpretation of Tighe becomes ethically loaded.
A corpus linguistic investigation into online peer feedback practices in CALL teacher education
Authors: Sert Olcay , Aşık Asuman 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis study investigates the online peer feedback practices of teacher trainees who are engaged in designing CALL materials. The participants are 111 pre-service English language teachers enrolled in a teacher education programme in Turkey, who post the materials they produce to an online course blog and then evaluate each other’s materials. The data come from the compilation of blog posts produced to provide online peer feedback, forming the Corpus of Online Peer Feedback in Teaching. The data are analysed using corpus linguistics, drawing on frequency, collocation, concordance, and keyword analyses. Our findings show that the participants highlight particular features of CALL materials such as student-centeredness, learner interest, and visual aspects by using constructive peer feedback with hedged evaluations, which brings data-based evidence for their knowledge on and beliefs about CALL materials. This research makes a methodological contribution to the study of online data in the field of language teacher education by employing the analytical lense of corpus linguistics. More importantly, the findings reveal that such an analytic approach can bring new insights into understanding the technological and pedagogical knowledge and beliefs of teachers in relation to language teaching materials design and development. The implications of the findings for research on CALL teacher education as well as on feedback and reflection practices are discussed.
I’m sorry (to interrupt): The use of explicit apology in turn-taking
Authors: Park Innhwa , Duey Margo 
Published: October 2018

AbstractContributing to research on workplace interactions and turn-taking practices, this conversation analytic study examines how people take turns during multi-party workplace meetings. In particular, we analyze 12 hours of video-recordings of faculty meetings at a U.S. school district, and show how meeting participants use explicit apology (e.g. I’m sorry; I’m sorry to interrupt) for turn-taking. The apology carries out interactional work in two ways: 1) it acknowledges that a (possible) offense (i.e. interruption) has occurred, and 2) it indicates that the current speaker will self-select to take and keep the turn. The self-selector produces the apology mid-turn after the turn-initial overlap is resolved and before continuing with her turn. We first analyze cases in which the self-selector uses explicit apology after having begun her turn during the current speaker’s ongoing turn. In most of these cases, the self-selected turn is sequentially disjunctive in that it is not directly responsive to the immediately preceding turn. We then show how the self-selector uses explicit apology when she needs to compete with another self-selector to take the turn. The study findings have implications for the turn-taking organization in meeting interactions.
Architectural Reconstructions in post-war Poland
Authors: Omilanowska Małgorzata 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The article is an attempt at identifying the positive and negative effect the decisions to reconstruct monuments made immediately following the end of World War II and that of reconstructing Warsaw’s Royal Castle made 25 years after the war had on the perception of monuments and the historical value of the urban tissue. It is in this perspective that the reconstruction cases performed in Poland after 1989 (namely after the collapse of Communism) and their social impact are analyzed. The examples which are both negative: falsifying historical knowledge and insulting aesthetical criteria, as well as positive: manifesting high instructive values, are pointed to. Moreover, the question is asked how it is possible that in the 21st century people are attracted to the idea of reconstructing monuments which were not destroyed in the course of World War II, but significantly earlier. In Poland, for instance, a political idea has been recently conceived to reconstruct several dozen mediaeval castles ruined in the 17th century
Parental Transfers, Intra-household Bargaining and Fertility Decision
Authors: Gahramanov Emin , Gaibulloev Khusrav , Younas Javed 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This paper examines the role of parental transfers on family size. We introduce a simple theoretical model of fertility decision where preferences towards children may differ between female and male spouses. Parental transfers increase both the household income and the bargaining power of the recipient spouse. Therefore, transfers from wife’s and husband’s parents may have dissimilar effects on the number of children. Our empirical result, based on a unique household-level data for Japan, supports this hypothesis. In particular, received transfers from the wife’s parents are negatively associated with the demand for children. In contrast, both received and expected transfers from the husband’s parents are positively associated with the demand for children. These results hold important policy implications.
Modeling of Fermentation Process of Bacillus Thuringiensis as a Sporulating Bacterium
Authors: Soleymani Soroush , Sarrafzadeh Mohammad-Hossein , Mostoufi Navid 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This paper intended to develop a model for predicting the progress in sporulation of Bacillus thuringiensis as an industrially important sporulating bacterium. Three distinct forms of B. thuringiensis can be observed during the fermentation process: vegetative cells, sporangia and mature spores. A mathematical model was developed for estimating the population of these three cell forms of this bacterium. A cell population balance was derived to represent the dynamic behavior of the fermentation process in a fed-batch culture. An unstructured and segregated model was used for this purpose. Experimental data at various oxygen saturation levels (0, 50 and 100 %) were used for validating the model. The model consists of a partial differential equation that describes the distribution of the cell population based on the cell age. This equation was solved by the method of lines in MATLAB. The proposed model can properly describe the cell populations and sporulation development in the mentioned conditions.
Optimization of Microwave-Assisted Oxidation Roasting of Oxide–Sulphide Zinc Ore with Addition of Manganese Dioxide Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Lin Jin , Zhu Xingcai , Yang Kun , Peng Jinhui 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The present study deals with a microwave-assisted oxidation roasting oxide–sulphide zinc ore technology of with addition of manganese dioxide. Effects of roasting parameters such as MnO2 addition level, roasting temperature, and holding time are studied by using the Central Composite Design (CCD). Meanwhile, zinc calcines are characterized by phase compositions analyses(XRD), structure characteristics of minerals (FT-IR), micro-area chemical analyses (SEM-EDAX) and elemental valence bonding analyses (XPS), which prove to be in accordance with the CCD results. The optimum roasting conditions are decided as MnO2 addition level being 85.14 %, roasting temperature 680 °C, and holding time 41 mins, and oxidation degree of zinc can reach 88.22 %. Besides, when MnO2 addition level reaches a certain value, zinc will aggregate in a form of ZnMn2O4, one battery material.
A Study on the Role of Clostridium Saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4 (ATCC 13564) in Producing Fermentative Hydrogen
Authors: Sepehri Sara , Rostami Khosrow , Azin Mehrdad 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Comparing with other biological processes, a technological method associated with bio-energy has been developed as the result of the high possibility of fermentative hydrogen productivity; In addition, restricted fossil fuel has been also substituted. The production of fermentative hydrogen is a complicated process influenced by different factors including different kinds of micro-organisms, initial concentration of substrate, inoculum size, initial pH of the medium, concentration of nutrients metals, etc. Thus, the present study is aiming at detecting such different agents to obtain the highest yield of hydrogen and progressing its operation through improving the efficiency of these agents by reliable experimental design. Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4(ATCC 13564) was applied to produce hydrogen in a batch manner. The highest yield of hydrogen has been resulted in 3.016 mol of hydrogen per mol glucose with production rate of 3.281 mole of hydrogen per hour at 37 °C, 10 % of inoculums size, 10 g/L of an initial glucose concentration, initial pH of medium of 6.5, 30 mg/L of FeSO4.7H2O. Furthermore, the experimental results were compared to kinetic model of Gompertz. Moreover, it was found out that the experimental issues were compatible with this kinetic model with the regression coefficient values of 0.989.
Inhibitory effects of Tiliacora triandra (Colebr.) Diels on cholesterol absorption
Authors: Duangjai Acharaporn , Saokaew Surasak 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Background
Natural supplements and herbal medicines have been attracted to use for managing elevated cholesterol levels. Tiliacora triandra (Colebr.) Diels (TT) or Yanang (in Thai) is commonly used as an ingredient in various types of Thai foods. In this study, we investigated the effect of methanolic TT leaf extract on cholesterol absorption by measuring the uptake and the efflux of cholesterol and cholesterol micellar solubility. In addition, we tested the effect of TT leaf extract on pancreatic lipase activity.

Methods
The uptake and efflux of cholesterol was determined by quantification of radioactivity in differentiated Caco-2 cells after treatment with radioactive cholesterol. Cholesterol mixed micelles were prepared for cholesterol uptake, efflux and solubility studies. The pancreatic lipase activity was determined using 4-methylumbelliferyl oleate as a substrate.

Results
Our finding showed that TT extract decreased the uptake of cholesterol by approximately 48% but did not affect the efflux of cholesterol. TT inhibited pancreatic lipase activity with the IC50 at 273.5 μg/mL and also decreased cholesterol micellar solubility.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that TT leaf extract seems to be a potential candidate as cholesterol-lowering agents.
Capitulation of the 2-ideal classes of type (2, 2, 2) of some quartic cyclic number fields
Authors: Azizi Abdelmalek , Jerrari Idriss , Zekhnini Abdelkader , Talbi Mohammed 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Let

p
≡

3

(

mod
4

)

{p\equiv 3\pmod{4}}

and

l
≡

5

(

mod
8

)

{l\equiv 5\pmod{8}}

be different primes such that

p
l

=
1

{\frac{p}{l}=1}

and

2
p

=

p
l

4

{\frac{2}{p}=\frac{p}{l}_{4}}

. Put

k
=

ℚ
⁢

(

l

)

{k=\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{l})}

, and denote by ϵ its fundamental unit. Set

K
=

k
⁢

(

-

2
⁢
p
⁢
ϵ
⁢

l

)

{K=k(\sqrt{-2p\epsilon\sqrt{l}})}

, and let

K
2

(
1
)

{K_{2}^{(1)}}

be its Hilbert 2-class field, and let

K
2

(
2
)

{K_{2}^{(2)}}

be its second Hilbert 2-class field. The field K is a cyclic quartic number field, and its 2-class group is of type

(
2
,
2
,
2
)

{(2,2,2)}

. Our goal is to prove that the length of the 2-class field
tower of K is 2, to determine the structure of the 2-group

G
=

Gal
⁡

(

K
2

(
2
)

/
K

)

{G=\operatorname{Gal}(K_{2}^{(2)}/K)}

, and thus to study the capitulation of the 2-ideal classes of K in all its unramified abelian extensions within

K
2

(
1
)

{K_{2}^{(1)}}

. Additionally, these extensions are constructed, and their
abelian-type invariants are given.