bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Prognostic Index to Identify the Risk of Developing Depression Symptoms Among U.S. Medical Students Derived From a National, Four-Year Longitudinal Study
Authors: Dyrbye Liselotte N. , Wittlin Natalie M. , Hardeman Rachel R. , Yeazel Mark , Herrin Jeph , Dovidio John F. , Burke Sara E. , Cunningham Brooke , Phelan Sean M. , Shanafelt Tait D. , van Ryn Michelle 
Published: September 2018

Purpose
To determine baseline individual and school-related factors associated with increased risk of developing depression symptoms by year four (Y4) of medical school, and to develop a prognostic index that stratifies risk of developing depression symptoms (Depression-PI) among medical students.

Method
The authors analyzed data from 3,743 students (79% of 4,732) attending 49 U.S. medical schools who completed baseline (2010) and Y4 (2014) surveys. Surveys included validated scales measuring depression, stress, coping, and social support. The authors collected demographics and school characteristics and conducted multivariate analysis to identify baseline factors independently associated with Y4 depression symptoms. They used these factors to create a prognostic index for developing depression. They randomly divided the data into discovery (n = 2,455) and replication (n = 1,288) datasets and calculated c statistics (c).

Results
The authors identified eight independent prognostic factors for experiencing depression symptoms during training within the discovery dataset: age; race; ethnicity; tuition; and baseline depression symptoms, stress, coping behaviors, and social support. The Depression-PI stratified four risk groups. Compared with the low risk group, those in the intermediate, high, and very high risk groups had an odds ratio of developing depression of, respectively, 1.75, 3.98, and 9.19 (c = 0.71). The replication dataset confirmed the risk groups.

Conclusions
Demographics; tuition; and baseline depression symptoms, stress, coping behaviors, and social support are independently associated with risk of developing depression during training among U.S. medical students. By stratifying students into four risk groups, the Depression-PI may allow for a tiered primary prevention approach.
Meta-analysis indicates that add-on devices and new endoscopes reduce colonoscopy adenoma miss rate
Authors: Gkolfakis Paraskevas , Tziatzios Georgios , Facciorusso Antonio , Muscatiello Nicola , Triantafyllou Konstantinos 
Published: September 2018

Introduction
A variety of add-on devices and new-generation endoscopes have the potential to detect lesions ‘hidden’ behind colonic folds. We measured the effect of these new modalities on colonoscopy’s lesions miss rates by a meta-analysis of data from individual studies.

Materials and methods
We performed literature searches in Medline and Cochrane Library for back-to-back randomized-controlled trials evaluating colonoscope add-on devices and new endoscopes in terms of lesions miss rates. The effect size on study outcomes is shown as relative risk (95% confidence interval).

Results
We identified nine tandem studies with 1594 patients: seven evaluating add-on devices (one with cap, two with Endocuff, one with Endorings, one with Third-Eye Retroscope, two with G-EYE endoscope) and two evaluating the full-spectrum endoscopy system (FUSE) in comparison with conventional colonoscopy (CC). Overall, adenoma miss rate (AMR) was significantly lower with add-on devices/FUSE [0.33 (0.22–0.50), P<0.00001] compared with CC, the effect being similar among the add-on devices [0.35 (0.22–0.57), P<0.0001] and the FUSE [0.26 (0.15–0.46), P<0.00001] studies, respectively. Advanced AMR and polyp miss rate (PMR) were also significantly lower using add-on devices/FUSE [0.30 (0.21–0.44), P<0.0001 and 0.31 (0.13–0.79), P=0.01, respectively]. Use of add-on devices/FUSE scope was associated with significantly lower AMR and PMR in the proximal colon and it was associated with shortening of the colonoscopy surveillance interval.

Conclusion
Our meta-analysis provides evidence that AMR, advanced AMR, and PMR are significantly lower using add-on to colonoscope devices and the full-spectrum endoscopy systems compared with CC. Heterogeneity among the included studies and the small number of detected advanced adenomas call for cautious interpretation of the results.
Losing Health Symbols Because of Nutrition-Related Problems in Advanced Cancer
Authors: Opsomer Sophie , Joossens Sofie , De Wit Claudia , Lauwerier Emelien , Pype Peter 
Published: September 2018

Cancer and nutrition-related problems are extremely distressing events and disturb functioning and daily life. It is recognized that the effects of stressors challenging well-being are mediated by the meaning attached to these stressors. As nutrition-related problems are often being experienced within couples, it is also important to gain understanding of a partner’s interpretation of complaints and whether it coincides with that of the patient.
To explore the meaning attached to nutrition-related problems, a qualitative approach was followed. Seven couples, each composed of a patient with cancer and his/her cohabiting life partner, participated. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed by an interpretative phenomenological approach.
Nutrition-related problems among patients with advanced cancer are mostly perceived as destroying health and leading to loss of physical, psychological, and social health symbols. Because the meaning patients and their partners attach to nutrition-related problems is individual and dynamic, it is necessary to devote special attention to the issues on different occasions.
The study findings can assist nurses and other professional caregivers in providing psychological support for couples confronted with nutrition-related problems in advanced cancer. It is important to take into account the meaning patients and partners attach to these nutrition-related problems.
A Cost Analysis of Carpal Tunnel Release Surgery Performed Wide Awake versus under Sedation
Authors: Alter Todd H. , Warrender William J. , Liss Frederic E. , Ilyas Asif M. 
Published: September 2018

Background:
Hand surgery under local anesthesia only has been used more frequently in recent years. The purpose of this study was to compare perioperative time and cost for carpal tunnel release performed under local anesthesia (“wide-awake local anesthesia no tourniquet,” or WALANT) only to carpal tunnel release performed under intravenous sedation.

Methods:
A retrospective comparison of intraoperative (operating room) surgical time and postoperative (postanesthesia care unit) time for consecutive carpal tunnel release procedures performed under both intravenous sedation and wide-awake local anesthesia was undertaken. All operations were performed by the same surgeon using the same mini-open surgical technique. A cost analysis was performed by means of standardized anesthesia billing based on base units, time, and conversion rates.

Results:
There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of total operative time, 28 minutes in the intravenous sedation group versus 26 minutes in the wide-awake local anesthesia group. Postanesthesia care unit times were significantly longer in the intravenous sedation group (84 minutes) compared to the wide-awake local anesthesia group (7 minutes). Depending on conversion rates used, a total of $139 to $432 was saved in each case performed with wide-awake local anesthesia by not using anesthesia services. In addition, a range of $1320 to $1613 was saved for the full episode of care, including anesthesia costs, operating room time, and postanesthesia care unit time for each patient undergoing wide-awake local anesthesia carpal tunnel release.

Conclusion:
Carpal tunnel release surgery performed with the wide-awake local anesthesia technique offers significant reduction in cost for use of anesthesia and postanesthesia care unit resources.
Does Free-Text Information in Falls Incident Reports Assist to Explain How and Why the Falls Occurred in a Hospital Setting?
Authors: de Jong Lex D. , Francis-Coad Jacqueline , Waldron Nicholas , Ingram Katharine , McPhail Steven M. , Etherton-Beer Christopher , Haines Terry P. , Flicker Leon , Weselman Tammy , Hill Anne-Marie 
Published: September 2018

Objective
The aim of this study was to explore whether information captured in falls reports in incident management systems could be used to explain how and why the falls occurred, with a view to identifying whether such reports can be a source of subsequent learnings that inform practice change.

Methods
An analysis of prospectively collected falls incident reports found in the incident management systems from eight Western Australian hospitals during a stepped-wedge cluster-randomized controlled trial. The falls reported occurred in a cohort of older hospital patients (mean age = 82 y) on rehabilitation wards. Data coded from free-text comments in the incident reports were analyzed using deductive content analysis.

Results
In the 493 analyzed falls incident reports, qualitative information describing aspects of the fall that clarified the patient, staff, and environment-related contributory factors was consistently low. Reports infrequently contained information about patients’ and staff’s call bell use behaviors (13%–19% of reports), fidelity of implementation of the care plan (8%) or environment-related factors such as bed settings (20%), and presence of clutter at the fall location (1%). The patients’ account of the fall was present in less than 50% of reports, with an absence of concurrent text, which explained whether patient cognitive impairment was the reason for not obtaining this first-person account of the incident.

Conclusions
Falls reports in hospital incident management systems may not capture adequate information to explain how and why falls occur. This could limit creation of effective feedback loops to drive quality improvement efforts and targeted practice change.
Trace-based correction of breathing-induced field fluctuations in T2*-weighted imaging of the spinal cord
Authors: Vannesjo S. Johanna , Clare Stuart , Kasper Lars , Tracey Irene , Miller Karla L. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPurposeSpinal cord MRI at ultra-high field is hampered by time-varying magnetic fields associated with the breathing cycle, giving rise to ghosting artifacts in multi-shot acquisitions. Here, we suggest a correction approach based on linking the signal from a respiratory bellows to field changes inside the spinal cord. The information is used to correct the data at the image reconstruction level.MethodsThe correction was demonstrated in the context of multi-shot T2*-weighted imaging of the cervical spinal cord at 7T. A respiratory trace was acquired during a high-resolution multi-echo gradient-echo sequence, used for structural imaging and quantitative T2* mapping, and a multi-shot EPI time series, as would be suitable for fMRI. The coupling between the trace and the breathing-induced fields was determined by a short calibration scan in each individual. Images were reconstructed with and without trace-based correction.ResultsIn the multi-echo GRE, breathing-induced fields caused severe ghosting in the long echo time images, which led to a systematic underestimation of T2* in the spinal cord. The trace-based correction reduced the ghosting and increased the estimated T2* values. Breathing-related ghosting was also observed in the multi-shot EPI images. The correction largely removed the ghosting, thereby improving the temporal signal-to-noise ratio of the time series.ConclusionsTrace-based retrospective correction of breathing-induced field variations can reduce ghosting and improve quantitative metrics in multi-shot structural and functional T2*-weighted imaging of the spinal cord. The method is straightforward to implement and does not rely on sequence modifications or additional hardware beyond a respiratory bellows.
MYO1C facilitates arrival at the Golgi apparatus through stabilization of branched actin
Authors: Capmany Anahi , Yoshimura Azumi , Kerdous Rachid , Lescure Aurianne , Del Nery Elaine , Coudrier Evelyne , Goud Bruno , Schauer Kristine 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWe aim at the identification of myosin motor proteins that control trafficking at the Golgi apparatus. In addition to the known Golgi-associated myosins MYO6, MYO18A and MYH9 (myosin IIA), we identify MYO1C as a novel player at the Golgi. We demonstrate that depletion of MYO1C induces Golgi apparatus fragmentation and decompaction. MYO1C accumulates at dynamic structures around the Golgi apparatus that colocalize with Golgi-associated actin dots. Interestingly, MYO1C depletion leads to loss of cellular F-actin, and Golgi apparatus decompaction is also observed after the inhibition or loss of the Arp2/3 complex. We show that the functional consequences of MYO1C depletion is a delay in the arrival of incoming transport carriers, both from the anterograde and retrograde routes. We propose that MYO1C stabilizes branched actin at the Golgi apparatus that facilitates the arrival of incoming transport at the Golgi.
Secondary structure of pre-mRNA introns for genes in the 15q11-12 locus. Mapping of functionally significant motives for RNA-binding proteins and nucleosome positioning signals
Authors: Fedoseyeva Viya B. , Zharinova Irina A. , Alexandrov Alexander A. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn this study, we identified reproducible substructures in the folded structures of long intron RNAs for recursive spliced variants and annotated pre-mRNA for GABRB3 and GABRA5. We mapped the RNA motives recognized by RNA-binding proteins for the specified locus and characterized the area of preferred localization. A comparison of pre-mRNA variants revealed the dominant type of protein potential effects. We determined the structural specifics of RNA in the dense Alu cluster and clarified the analogy of apical substructure to the A-Xist fragment of transcriptional variant. Mapping of the nucleosome potential reveals alternation of strong and weak signals at the 3’-end portion of GABRB3 and clusters of nucleosome positioning signal in the vicinity of the Alu cluster. Distribution of simple oligonucleotides among reproducible substructures revealed an enrichment in Py-tracts; for some of them, this may be considered as a complementary supplement to the Pu-tract enrichment of ncRNA Malat1 as a component of nuclear speckles. The secondary structure elements of bidirectional transcripts are predisposed for somatic homolog pairing in this locus, as was previously shown experimentally.A model of potential intron RNA influence on splicing has been suggested based on its interaction with Py-tract-binding RNP, serine-arginine SRSF proteins, ncRNA Malat1, as well as the action of Alu cluster.
Kinetic network model to explain gain-of-function mutations in ERK2 enzymes
Authors: Misiura M. , Kolomeisky A. B. 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTERK2 is a kinase protein that belongs to a Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signalling pathway, which is activated in response to a range of extracellular signals. Malfunctioning of this cascade leads to variety of serious diseases, including cancers. This is often caused by mutations in proteins belonging to the cascade, frequently leading to abnormally high activity of the cascade even in the absence of external signal. One such gain-of-function mutation in ERK2 protein, called a sevenmaker mutation (D319N), was discovered in 1994 in Drosophila. This mutation leads to disruption of interactions of other proteins with D-site of ERK2 and results, contrary to expectations, in increase of its activity in vivo. However, no molecular mechanism to explain this effect has been presented so far. The difficulty is that this mutation should equally negatively affect interactions of ERK2 with all substrates, activators and deactivators. In this paper, we present a quantitative kinetic network model that gives a possible explanation of the increased activity of mutant ERK2 species. A simplified biochemical network for ERK2, viewed as a system of coupled Michaelis-Menten processes, is presented. Its dynamic properties are calculated explicitly using the method of first-passage processes. The effect of mutation is associated with changes in the strength of interaction energy between the enzyme and the substrates. It is found that the dependence of kinetic properties of the protein on the interaction energy is non-monotonic, suggesting that some mutations might lead to more efficient catalytic properties, despite weakening inter-molecular interactions. Our theoretical predictions agree with experimental observations for the sevenmaker mutation in ERK2. It is also argued that the effect of mutations might depend on the concentrations of substrates.
DNA-PKcs-mediated phosphorylation of AMPKγ1 regulates lysosomal AMPK activation by LKB1
Authors: Puustinen Pietri , Keldsbo Anne , Corcelle-Termeau Elisabeth , Ngoei Kevin , Sønder Stine L. , Farkas Thomas , Andersen Klaus Kaae , Oakhill Jon S. , Jäättelä Marja 
Published: September 2018

SummaryAutophagy is a central component of the cytoprotective cellular stress response. To enlighten stress-induced autophagy signaling, we screened a human kinome siRNA library for regulators of autophagic flux in MCF7 human breast carcinoma cells and identified the catalytic subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PKcs) as a positive regulator of basal and DNA damage-induced autophagy. Analysis of autophagy-regulating signaling cascades placed DNA-PKcs upstream of the AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK) and ULK1 kinase. In normal culture conditions, DNA-PKcs interacted with AMPK and phosphorylated its nucleotide-sensing γγ1 subunit at Ser-192 and Thr-284, both events being significantly reduced upon AMPK activation. Alanine substitutions of DNA-PKcs phosphorylation sites in AMPKγγ1 reduced AMPK activation without affecting its nucleotide sensing capacity. Instead, the disturbance of DNA-PKcs-mediated phosphorylation of AMPKγγ inhibited the lysosomal localization of the AMPK complex and its starvation-induced association with LKB1. Taken together, our data suggest that DNA-PKcs-mediated phosphorylation of AMPKγγ primes AMPK complex to the lysosomal activation by LKB1 thereby linking DNA damage response to autophagy and cellular metabolism.
Language at work in the Big Four: global aspirations and local segmentation
Authors: Detzen Dominic , Loehlein Lukas 
Published: September 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine how professional service firms (PSFs) manage the linguistic tensions between global Englishization and local multilingualism. It achieves this by analysing the work of Big Four audit firms in Luxembourg, where three official languages co-exist: Luxembourgish, French, and German. In addition, expatriates bring with them their native languages in a corporate environment that uses English as itslingua franca.Design/methodology/approachThe paper combines the institutionalist sociology of the professions with theoretical concepts from sociolinguistics to study the multifaceted role of language in PSFs. Empirically, the paper draws from 25 interviews with current and former audit professionals.FindingsThe client orientation of the Big Four segments each firm into language teams based on the client’s language. It is thus the client languages, rather than English as the corporate language, that mediate, define, and structure intra- and inter-organizational relationships. While the firms emphasize the benefits of their linguistic adaptability, the paper reveals tensions along language lines, suggesting that language can be a means of creating cohesion and division within the firms.Originality/valueThis paper connects research on PSFs with that on the role of language in multinational organizations. In light of the Big Four’s increasingly global workforce, it draws attention to the linguistic divisions within the firms that question the existence of a singular corporate culture. While prior literature has centred on firms’ global–local divide, the paper shows that even single branches of such firm networks are not monolithic constructs, as conflicts and clashes unfold amid a series of “local–local” divides.
The mediating role of autonomy in the effect of pro-innovation climate and supervisor supportiveness on innovative behavior of nurses
Authors: Sönmez Betül , Yıldırım Aytolan 
Published: September 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to test the mediating role of autonomy in the effect of a pro-innovation organizational climate and supervisor supportiveness (SS) on the innovative behavior (IB) of nurses.Design/methodology/approachThe sample of this cross-sectional, correlational study consisted of 332 nurses, who were selected, on the basis of the convenience sampling method, from among the nurses working at two public university hospitals in Istanbul. The data of the study were collected between February and May of 2015. Descriptive analysis and linear regression analysis were used for data analysis, and the bootstrapping method was applied to test the significance of the mediating role.FindingsThe model used for examining the mediating role of autonomy was found to be statistically significant, as it explained 36 percent of the variance of IB. When the significance of the mediating role was tested, its effect on both innovation climate and SS was observed to be significant.Originality/valueThe obtained results indicated that a pro-innovation organizational climate and SS functioned as premises for autonomy. In turn, the rise in autonomy level that served to innovative climate and SS increased the IB of the nurses through boosting their autonomy level. From these results, it can be argued that nurses with a high level of professional autonomy can create innovative outputs and provide added value through the IB they practice in providing patient care and general health services.
How do knowledge cycles happen in software development methodologies?
Authors: Balle Andrea Raymundo , Oliveira Mírian , Curado Carla , Nodari Felipe 
Published: September 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to illustrate how knowledge takes effect in different software development methodologies by relating them to different knowledge cycles.

Design/methodology/approach
The results were find by conducing a general review about the topics of knowledge cycles and software development methodologies.

Findings
All software development methodologies have knowledge cycles. In Waterfall methodology, the cycle followed is I-Space. For “code and fix,” there is a parallel with March’s cycle. Scrum shows a parallel with SECI cycle. Among the methodological options, results show there an increase in hierarchy, documentation, processes and explicit knowledge.

Research limitations/implications
Identified parallels of each methodology with knowledge cycles; established which Scrum artifacts are performed at each stage of SECI, which Waterfall steps correspond to I-Space phases and which activities in “code and fix” deal with exploration and exploitation of knowledge; and features shown increase or decrease according to the adoption of each methodology.

Practical implications
Results help knowledge sharing implementations and foster inter-team knowledge sharing, with the identification of the correct methodology-cycle match and the personalization of the strategy for each team based on the adopted methodology. Training for knowledge initiatives can be improved by determining how knowledge-sharing activities are incorporated on the determined series of actions established by the methodologies adopted on the firm.

Originality/value
The identification of how knowledge is generated and shared among teams in each methodology, the optimum pairing of the methodology and the parallels with the other, and the differences that emerge from the adopted knowledge cycle show that software projects are embedded in a knowledge cycle.