bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital nomadism: students experience of using mobile devices in Delhi Metro
Authors: Dar Saleeq Ahmad , Madhusudhan Margam 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
Travel time is considered as the wastage of time, but the ubiquitous nature of mobile devices with Internet has made it possible to use the time for productive activities. This paper aims to focus primarily on the use of mobile devices while travelling in Metrorail and how travel time is being used “productively” as study time and what resources are the students accessing from their mobile devices. In total, 820 students from different colleges in Delhi were randomly chosen for the survey. Using the survey method, the paper explores how students use travel time productively as activity time. The study revealed that browsing internet, communication, text messaging, accessing social media, etc., are the frequent activities by students while travelling. Majority of respondents stated that their travel time is never productive for value of time. Thinking on different issues that occupy their mind is the most frequent personal activity. “Poor Wi-Fi” connectivity is the highly rated impediment faced by students for uses of mobile devices.

Design/methodology/approach
A survey was administered to students of different colleges in Delhi who commute daily and consume information while commuting to colleges and back in the month of November and December 2017. The Yellow line that connects most of the colleges of Delhi University was boarded during early and evening hours; a questionnaire was handed out and collected back during the travel. Moreover, a visit was made to different colleges and universities of Delhi. Of the 1,000 questionnaires, only 820 were returned (a response rate of 82%); so a good number of student commuters’ population of Delhi was sampled.

Findings
The study found that majority of the students that responded to the survey use smartphones while travelling. The study indicated that many students face different impediments in consuming the information of their need.

Originality/value
The paper provides insight of how travel time is used by the students in Delhi Metro and what activities they do on their miniature devices to make their travel time productive. The study will serve as a template for policy makers and information service providers to realize the need of the hour.
Beyond nutrients, health effects of entomophagy: a systematic review
Authors: Ayensu Jessica , Annan Reginald Adjetey , Edusei Anthony , Lutterodt Herman 
Published: October 2018

PurposeEdible insects have emerged as a promising inexpensive option to address malnutrition among vulnerable groups in the world. However, it is not clear whether including insects in diets can improve health outcomes. This paper aimed to investigate the impact of edible insect consumption on human health.Design/methodology/approachA search was conducted in PubMed Central, BioMed Central, Plosone, Cochrane, Google Scholar, Google Search and bibliographies for all human studies on the impact of edible insect consumption on human health published from January 1990 to April 2018.FindingsTwelve studies met the inclusion criteria. Consumption of cereals fortified with edible insects improved iron status and growth in infants and led to the development of life threatening anaphylactic reactions in sensitive people.Practical implicationsEdible insects are nutritious. More rigorous studies are needed to confirm nutrient bioavailability, acceptability and nutritional benefits in humans.Originality/valueThis review shows that the utilization of edible insects as food promotes desirable health outcomes, but caution must be taken to prevent allergic reactions in some cases.
On the 3D printing of recycled ABS, PLA and HIPS thermoplastics for structural applications
Authors: Kumar Ranvijay , Singh Rupinder , Farina Ilenia 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
Three-dimensional printing (3DP) is an established process to print structural parts of metals, ceramic and polymers. Further, multi-material 3DP has the potentials to be a milestone in rapid manufacturing (RM), customized design and structural applications. Being compatible as functionally graded materials in a single structural form, multi-material-based 3D printed parts can be applied in structural applications to get the benefit of modified properties.

Design/methodology/approach
The fused deposition modelling (FDM) is one of the established low cost 3DP techniques which can be used for printing functional/ non-functional prototypes in civil engineering applications.

Findings
The present study is focused on multi-material printing of primary recycled acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polylactic acid (PLA) and high impact polystyrene (HIPS) in composite form. Thermal (glass transition temperature and heat capacity) and mechanical properties (break load, break strength, break elongation, percentage elongation at break and Young’s modulus) have been analysed to observe the behaviour of multi-material composites prepared by 3DP. This study also highlights the process parameters optimization of FDM supported with photomicrographs.

Originality/value
The present study is focused on multi-material printing of primary recycled ABS, PLA and HIPS in composite form.
Effect of the heat treatment on corrosion and mechanical properties of CoCrMo alloys manufactured by selective laser melting
Authors: Zhang Mingkang , Yang Yongqiang , Song Changhui , Bai Yuchao , Xiao Zefeng 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThis study aims to focus on the heat treatment influence on the corrosion resistance, adhesion of Streptococcus mutans and mechanical properties of CoCrMo alloys manufactured by the selective laser melting (SLM).

Design/methodology/approachCoCrMo alloys were manufactured using the Dimetal-100 machine. X-ray diffraction (XRD), metallographic analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrochemical corrosion, Vickers microhardness and tensile tests were used to characterize SLM-produced CoCrMo alloys and compare them with the ones manufactured by casting and with the ASTM F75 standard.

FindingsThe electrochemical results showed that SLM900 samples had the best corrosion resistance in artificial saliva. The adhesion results showed least propagation and overall quantity of Streptococcus mutans on the SLM900 sample. The microhardness, tensile and yield strength of As-SLM, SLM900 and SLM1200D samples were measured according to the ASTM F75 standard. The elongation of SLM900 was less than 8 per cent, which does not meet the standard specifications. Analysis of the fracture morphology showed that the fracture mechanisms of As-SLM and SLM1200D belong to the quasi-cleavage fracture type, and the mechanical fracture mechanism of SLM900 can be characterized as brittle fracture.

Originality/valueThis paper presents the adhesion properties of Streptococcus mutans on the surface of CoCrMo alloys manufactured by SLM and proposes how to regulate the effect of the heat treatment on the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of CoCrMo alloys manufactured by SLM.
The effect of customer citizenship in corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities on purchase intention: the important role of the CSR image
Authors: Lee Eun-Mi , Yoon Sung-Joon 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine whether the corporate social responsibility (CSR) image of a firm is influenced by consumer citizenship and the consumer’s involvement in CSR and the extent to which this affects purchase intention.

Design/methodology/approach
A total of 304 usable responses were obtained from a sample of 313 consumers who were 18 years of age or older.

Findings
The result of study indicates that consumer citizenship and involvement in CSR activities have significant effects on CSR image, and that consumer citizenship has a significant effect on involvement in CSR activities. CSR image also has a positive effect on product attitude but no significant influence on purchase intention.

Originality/value
The consumer perception of a firm’s CSR image is an important factor to consider while implementing CSR strategies; therefore, it is strategically important to understand the antecedents and consequences of creating a positive CSR image because of its effect on the responsible purchasing behavior of people who adhere to strong consumer citizenship.
Longevity and life history coevolve with oxidative stress in birds
Authors: Vágási Csongor I. , Vincze Orsolya , Pătraș Laura , Osváth Gergely , Pénzes Janka , Haussmann Mark F. , Barta Zoltán , Pap Péter L. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

The mechanisms that underpin the evolution of ageing and life histories remain elusive. Oxidative stress, which results in accumulated cellular damages, is one of the mechanisms suggested to play a role.

In this paper, we set out to test the “oxidative stress theory of ageing” and the “oxidative stress hypothesis of life histories” using a comprehensive phylogenetic comparison based on an unprecedented dataset of oxidative physiology in 88 free‐living bird species.

We show for the first time that bird species with longer lifespan have higher non‐enzymatic antioxidant capacity and suffer less oxidative damage to their lipids. We also found that bird species featuring a faster pace‐of‐life either have lower non‐enzymatic antioxidant capacity or are exposed to higher levels of oxidative damage, while adult annual mortality does not relate to oxidative state.

These results reinforce the role of oxidative stress in the evolution of lifespan and also corroborate the role of oxidative state in the evolution of life histories among free‐living birds.

A plain language summary is available for this article.
Transversus abdominis plane block under laparoscopic guide versus port‐site local anaesthetic infiltration in laparoscopic excision of endometriosis: a double‐blind randomised placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: Kargar R , Minas V , Gorgin‐Karaji A , Shadjoo K , Padmehr R , Mohazzab A , Enzevaei A , Samimi‐Sadeh S , Kamali K , Khazali S 
Published: October 2018

ObjectiveTo compare the efficiency of laparoscopically guided transversus abdominis plane block (LTAP) versus port‐site local anaesthetic infiltration (LAI) in reducing postoperative pain following laparoscopic excision of endometriosis.DesignA prospective, double‐blind randomised controlled trial.SettingA tertiary referral centre for endometriosis and minimally invasive gynaecological surgery.PopulationWomen undergoing laparoscopic excision of endometriosis from December 2015 through July 2016.MethodsParticipants were randomised to receive: port‐site infiltration with bupivacaine and placebo LTAP (LAI group, n = 21); placebo port‐site infiltration and LTAP with bupivacaine (LTAP group, n = 24); placebo port‐site infiltration and placebo LTAP (placebo group, n = 25).Main outcome measuresPost‐operative pain at 2–4, 6–8, 10–12 and 24 hours, analgesic requirements, TAP block‐related complications and opioid‐related adverse effects.ResultsThere were no differences in patient characteristics between the groups. In comparison with placebo, both LTAP and LAI groups had significantly less pain at 2–4, 6–8, and 10–12 hours (median 3, 3, 3.5 versus 3, 6, 4 versus 8, 8, 7 for LTAP, LAI, and placebo, respectively, P < 0.05). Median differences (and 95% confidence intervals) were as follows; LTAP versus placebo −5 (−6 to −4), −4 (−5 to −3), −3 (−4 to −0.5); LAI versus placebo −4 (−5 to −2), −2 (−3 to −0.5), −1 (−4 to −0.5) at 2–4, 6–8 and 10–12 hours, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between the LTAP and LAI groups.ConclusionsLaparoscopically guided transversus abdominis plane block and LAI both reduce postoperative pain in patients undergoing laparoscopic excision of endometriosis, compared with placebo. We found no differences in effect between LTAP and LAI.Tweetable abstractTAP block and port‐site local infiltration are both effective in reducing postoperative pain in major gynaecological laparoscopic surgery.
Managing Infrastructure in the Stream Environment
Authors: Sholtes Joel S. , Ubing Caroline , Randle Timothy J. , Fripp Jon , Cenderelli Daniel , Baird Drew C. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractRiverine infrastructure provides essential services for the operation and development of the world's nations and their economies. When much of this infrastructure was built in the United States, fluvial processes and stream ecology were not well understood, putting it in conflict with and at risk from the stream environment. High maintenance costs are often required to keep such infrastructure viable and some of it has led to the degradation of aquatic and riparian ecosystems. This commentary paper lays the foundation for infrastructure designers and managers to build and manage infrastructure in a manner both resilient to riverine hazards and more compatible with aquatic and riparian ecosystem needs. We introduce fundamental fluvial geomorphic and ecosystem concepts and provide a decision‐making framework to replace or repair existing infrastructure or build new infrastructure. Common management challenges associated with 11 riverine infrastructure types are discussed and we provide suggestions on how each infrastructure type can be better built and managed within stream corridors. We close with a discussion on managing infrastructure under future hydrologic uncertainty and in response to natural disasters.
Race and sex differences in rates of diabetic complications
Authors: Shen Yun , Shi Lizheng , Nauman Elizabeth , Katzmarzyk Peter T. , Price‐Haywood Eboni G. , Yin Ping , Bazzano Alessandra N. , Nigam Somesh , Hu Gang 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundStudies on racial differences in diabetic complications are very limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the race and sex differences in diabetic complications between African Americans and Whites with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Louisiana.MethodsA prospective cohort study was performed of 27 113 African Americans and 40 431 Whites with T2D who were 35 to 95 years of age from three healthcare systems located in south Louisiana. Four major diabetic complications were assessed: coronary heart disease (CHD), heart failure, stroke, and end‐stage renal disease (ESRD).ResultsThe age‐ and sex‐adjusted incident rates per 1000 person‐years and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for CHD, heart failure, stroke, and ESRD for African Americans with diabetes were 43.1 (95% CI 41.6‐44.6), 36.6 (95% CI 35.2‐37.9), 29.6 (95% CI 28.4‐30.8), and 38.3 (95% CI 36.9‐39.7), respectively. Cox regression models showed that African American women had a higher risk than White women for heart failure (hazard ratio (HR) 1.26; 95% CI 1.18‐1.34), stroke (HR 1.15; 95% CI 1.08‐1.22), and ESRD (HR 1.32; 95% CI 1.24‐1.40), whereas African American men had higher risks than White men for heart failure (HR 1.33; 95% CI 1.25‐1.43) and ESRD (HR 1.47; 95% CI 1.37‐1.57) but a lower risk of CHD (HR 0.88; 95% CI 0.83‐0.94).ConclusionsThe incidence of major diabetic complications varied among difference race and sex groups. More race‐ or sex‐specific studies on complications in patients with diabetes are needed to see whether incident rates are changing over time.
A comparison of joint species distribution models for presence–absence data
Authors: Wilkinson David P. , Golding Nick , Guillera‐Arroita Gurutzeta , Tingley Reid , McCarthy Michael A. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Joint species distribution models (JSDMs) account for biotic interactions and missing environmental predictors in correlative species distribution models. Several different JSDMs have been proposed in the literature, but the use of different or conflicting nomenclature and statistical notation potentially obscures similarities and differences among them. Furthermore, new JSDM implementations have been illustrated with different case studies, preventing direct comparisons of computational and statistical performance.

We aim to resolve these outstanding issues by (a) highlighting similarities among seven presence–absence JSDMs using a clearly defined, singular notation; and (b) evaluating the computational and statistical performance of each JSDM using six datasets that vary widely in numbers of sites, species, and environmental covariates considered.

Our singular notation shows that many of the JSDMs are very similar, and in turn parameter estimates of different JSDMs are moderate to strongly, positively correlated. In contrast, the different JSDMs clearly differ in computational efficiency and memory limitations.

Our framework will allow ecologists to make educated decisions about the JSDM that best suits their objective, and enable wider uptake of JSDM methods among the ecological community.
Optimizing release strategies: a stepping‐stone approach to reintroduction
Authors: Lloyd N. A. , Hostetter N. J. , Jackson C. L. , Converse S. J. , Moehrenschlager A. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractEvaluation of alternative management strategies enables informed decisions to accelerate species recovery. For reintroductions, post‐release survival to reproductive age is a key parameter influencing population growth. Here, we trial a ‘stepping‐stone’ method to maximize the success of captive‐bred animals when the availability of more suitable wild‐born release candidates is limited. Our approach makes use of relatively safe and established wild populations to prepare captive‐bred individuals for eventual translocation to a final release destination, thus building resilience through establishment of multiple populations over time. We developed a novel multievent model integrating encounter history and biotelemetry data to evaluate reintroduction strategies for the critically endangered Vancouver Island marmot Marmota vancouverensis. We compared post‐release survival of 176 individuals (52 wild‐born, 47 captive‐bred marmots released directly to destinations, and 77 captive‐bred marmots released with a stepping‐stone approach). Survival estimates to prime breeding‐age (PBA), were then used to quantify expected success of potential release strategies. Our analysis indicates that post‐release survival varies by source population and release method, as well as age, season, year, and years since release. Conditional on an objective of maximizing survival to PBA, our results suggest that using wild‐born marmots for translocations as often as possible, and stepping‐stone captive‐bred marmots prior to final release, will result in the best outcomes. There was a 0.86 probability that survival to PBA was greater for captive‐bred marmots released as yearlings using a stepping‐stone approach (survival to PBA mode = 0.13, 95% CRI = 0.05–0.30) than for captive‐bred animals that were directly released to destination sites as one‐year‐olds (survival to PBA mode = 0.04, 95% CRI = 0.01–0.24). Consequently, the stepping‐stone approach yields much higher population establishment or growth potential than previous release strategies that used captive‐bred marmots. Optimizing the combination of release candidates, sites and timing can thereby increase the effectiveness of reintroductions.
Assessing the impact of alcohol taxation on rates of violent victimization in a large urban area: an agent‐based modeling approach
Authors: Keyes Katherine M. , Shev Aaron , Tracy Melissa , Cerdá Magdalena 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAimsTo use simulation to estimate the impact of alcohol taxation on drinking, non‐fatal violent victimization and homicide in New York City (NYC). We simulate the heterogeneous effects of alcohol price elasticities by income, level of consumption and beverage preferences, and examine whether taxation can reduce income inequalities in alcohol‐related violence.DesignAgent‐based modeling simulation.SettingNYC, USA.ParticipantsAdult population aged 18–64 years in the year 2000 in the 59 community districts of NYC. The population of 256 500 agents approximates a 5% sample of the NYC population.MeasurementsAgents were parameterized through a series of rules that governed alcohol consumption and engagement in violence. Six taxation interventions were implemented based on extensive reviews and meta‐analyses, increasing universal alcohol tax by 1, 5 and 10%, and beer tax by 1, 5 and 10%.FindingsUnder no tax increase, approximately 12.2% [95% credible interval (prediction interval, PI) = 12.1–12.3%] were heavy drinkers. Taxation decreased the proportion of heavy drinkers; a 10% tax decreased heavy drinking to 9.6% (95% PI = 9.4–9.8). Beer taxes had the strongest effect on population consumption. Taxation influenced those in the lowest income groups more than the highest income groups. Alcohol‐related homicide decreased from 3.22 per 100 000 (95% PI = 2.50–3.73) to 2.40 per 100 000 under a 10% universal tax (95% PI = 1.92–2.94). This translates into an anticipated benefit of ~1200 lives/year.ConclusionReductions in alcohol consumption in a large urban environment such as New York City can be sustained with modest increases in universal taxation. Alcohol tax increases also have a modest effect on alcohol‐related violent victimization. Taxation policies reduce income inequalities in alcohol‐related violence.
Defining peri‐operative anaemia in pregnant women – challenging the status quo
Authors: Ferguson M. T. , Dennis A. T. 
Published: October 2018

SummaryPeri‐operative anaemia is a significant risk factor for morbidity and mortality. Anaemia during pregnancy is associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, and postpartum haemorrhage remains a leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide. Caesarean section is an operation incurring moderate risk of bleeding, and rates are rising globally. Recent international consensus guidelines recommend targeting a pre‐operative haemoglobin > 130 g.l−1 for all patients having surgery with moderate‐to‐high risk of bleeding, regardless of sex. It is unclear how this recommendation translates to pregnant women, where anaemia is defined at a much lower haemoglobin level of < 110 g.l−1. Long‐standing definitions of anaemia during pregnancy are likely to be the result of flawed sampling of a so‐called ‘normal’ but anaemic female population, given the high prevalence of iron deficiency and anaemia in healthy menstruating women. Contemporary data suggest that haemoglobin values in iron‐replete pregnant women are higher than previously thought. The definition of anaemia has significant clinical implications, particularly for peri‐operative management of women undergoing caesarean section. In addition, we should differentiate between lower reference values and optimal haemoglobin targets. The haemoglobin level associated with optimal obstetric and neonatal outcomes requires further investigation in pregnant women.