bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Theoretical and empirical evidence of behavioral and production line factors that influence helping behavior
Authors: Cantor David E. , Jin Yao 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA poorly motivated workforce can have a negative impact on the productivity of production lines and firm performance. One factor that can counter the effects of poorly performing workers is if stronger colleagues step in and assist them. Leveraging theory from the organizational citizenship behavior literature, this study examines how behavioral and production line factors influence individuals to help team members in a production line experiment. Study findings are that perceptions of social loafing and material‐handling ambiguity influence team helping behavior. Empirical evidence also suggests that perceptions of social loafing mediate the relationship of team altruism on helping behavior. Post hoc analyses are conducted to further explore how the behavioral and production factors influence helping behavior. Strategies for promoting volitional helping behavior are discussed.
H2O2‐enhanced stimulated Raman scattering of liquid water
Authors: Li Fabing , Wang Ying , Li Zhanlong , Sun Chenglin , Men Zhiwei 
Published: March 2019

AbstractStimulated Raman scattering (SRS) in H2O2–H2O mixture solutions are obtained in forward and backward directions. Characteristic features peaks related to OH stretching vibrations of water are the appearance of three enhancement peaks in both directions. Simultaneously, the low‐wavenumber SRS peaks in water at 840 and 1,700 cm−1 are enhanced. The mechanism of enhancement is attributed to excess electron‐enhanced Raman scattering. The electron‐enhanced process is also discussed.
Determination of cadmium in bread and biscuit samples using ultrasound‐assisted temperature‐controlled ionic liquid microextraction
Authors: Santos Analú P , dos Santos Márcio JS , das Graças Andrade Korn Maria , Lemos Valfredo A 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn the present work, a simple and rapid method was proposed for the preconcentration of cadmium using ultrasound‐assisted temperature‐controlled ionic liquid microextraction (TC‐IL‐LPME). The dispersion of the ionic liquid (1‐Hmim[PF6]) in the aqueous phase was performed by heating it in an ultrasonic bath, followed by cooling in an ice bath. After centrifugation, the enriched phase was dissolved in 45% (w/w) nitric acid solution to reduce viscosity, and the cadmium content was measured employing electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ET‐AAS). The 2‐(5‐bromo‐2‐pyridylazo)‐5‐diethylaminophenol reagent (Br‐PADAP) was used as a complexing agent.RESULTSUnder optimized conditions, the method had a detection limit of 2.0 ng L−1 and an enrichment factor of 24. The accuracy of the method was evaluated through the analysis of the certified reference material of brown bread (BCR‐191). The method was applied to the determination of cadmium in samples of bread and biscuit. The limit of detection of the solid samples was 0.10 μg kg−1. The recovery of cadmium in the samples varied between 93% and 107%.CONCLUSIONThe proposed method is presented as a simple, cheap, ecological and a sensitive alternative for the determination of cadmium in bread and biscuit samples. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Evidence for integration of palliative care into surgical oncology practice and education
Authors: Moroney Marisa R. , Lefkowits Carolyn 
Published: March 2019

AbstractHigh‐quality data support multiple clinical benefits of integrating palliative care into routine oncology care. Though these data come largely from the medical oncology literature, data from surgical oncology populations support similar associations between palliative care integration and improved clinical outcomes, all without compromise in survival. This paper will review data supporting palliative care integration into oncology care, with a focus on surgical populations and recommendations for incorporating palliative care into surgical oncology.
Voice and swallowing dysfunction in X‐linked dystonia parkinsonism
Authors: Song Phillip C. , Le Hoai , Acuna Patrick , De Guzman Jan Kristopher Palentinos , Sharma Nutan , Francouer Taylor N. , Dy Marisela E. , Go Criscely L. 
Published: March 2019

ObjectivesTo systematically characterize and describe voice and swallowing manifestations in patients with X‐linked dystonia parkinsonism (XDP) and correlate with quality‐of‐life (QOL) measures.MethodsThirty‐four patients with XDP with communication and swallowing difficulties underwent neurological examination, head and neck examination, nasopharyngoscopy, QOL surveys (Swallowing Quality of Life questionnaire [SWAL‐QOL] and Voice Handicap Index [VHI]), and functional endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) to assess the extent of dysfunction.ResultsAll patients showed high rates of lingual, oromandibular, and laryngeal dysfunction, as well as severe QOL changes in swallowing and communication ability. The most common head and neck manifestations of dystonic symptoms were difficulty coordinating the mouth and tongue (79%), uncontrollable tongue thrusting (53%), and jaw opening (35%). Laryngeal symptoms including vocal strain (adductor voice breaks) or stridor (32%), as well as velopharyngeal insufficiency (20%), were also identified. Of the patients with laryngeal symptoms, 18% had respiratory dystonia. Swallowing assessments showed significant abnormalities in oral bolus control and oropharyngeal dysphagia. FEES examinations showed that 87.5% of the study group had penetration or aspiration. QOL scores showed an average VHI of 94.4 (severe dysfunction), and SWAL‐QOL showed an average of 37.7 (severe dysfunction).ConclusionSwallowing and voice impairment in XDP is not well characterized and presents a more distinctive phenomenology than other neurological disorders, with a unique set of challenges for treatment. This is the first study to systematically evaluate laryngeal and pharyngeal dysfunction in XDP patients and correlate with QOL measures.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 130:171–177, 2020
Audiologic profile of the jackson heart study cohort and comparison to other cohorts
Authors: Bishop Charles E. , Spankovich Christopher , Lin Frank R. , Seals Samantha R. , Su Dan , Valle Karen , Schweinfurth John M. 
Published: March 2019

Objectives/HypothesisThe objective of this study was to determine the audiological profile of an African American cohort, identify related factors, and compare them to other datasets.Study DesignCross‐sectional, longitudinal cohort study.MethodsThe Jackson Heart Study (JHS) is a longitudinal cohort study of 5,306 African Americans living in the metropolitan Jackson, Mississippi area, with a focus on cardiometabolic health. The JHS Hearing Study (n = 1,314) was implemented to measure the prevalence of hearing, tinnitus, and balance outcomes and relationship to predictor variables. Here we present prevalence and covariate relationships in comparison to the Epidemiology of Hearing Loss Study and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.ResultsThe prevalence of self‐reported hearing difficulty was 38.1% (n = 500). The prevalence of hearing loss based on audiometric pure tone threshold average (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 kHz) of the better ear was 19.8% (n = 260) and for the worse ear 29.8% (n = 392). The prevalence of tinnitus was 29.5% (n = 388) and balance dysfunction 24.1% (n = 317). Relationships of hearing loss to demographic, cardiometabolic, and audiologic variables are presented.ConclusionsThese results demonstrate that hearing loss, tinnitus, and balance dysfunction are common issues affecting adult African Americans, and that hearing loss is related to numerous modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors. Furthermore, our findings are consistent with lower prevalence of hearing loss in African Americans compared to the non–African American populations. However, despite the lower audiometric evidence of hearing loss, nearly 40% of participants reported hearing difficulty.Level of Evidence2bLaryngoscope, 129:2391–2397, 2019
What is driving the abandonment of villages in the mountains of Southeast China?
Authors: Wang Chengchao , Zhang Yaoqi , Yang Yusheng , Yang Qichun , Hong Jing 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn recent decades, village abandonment as a result of migration from rural areas constitutes a serious socioeconomic problem in China and many other developing countries. The aim of this study is to identify the drivers of village abandonment in the mountain areas of Southeast China. Pucheng County was selected as the study case. A conceptual framework for the primary drivers of village abandonment was established to link rural depopulation, farmland abandonment, and house abandonment, which are three integral parts of village abandonment. Results show that the intense rural–urban migration propelled by new urban economic opportunities is the most significant driver of sparse rural population distribution, though this does not usually result in the straightforward abandonment of villages. Instead, the scarcity of public services in mountain villages is a decisive factor in local resettlement and resultant village abandonment. Limited school access and a demand for high‐quality education is the foremost and most immediate motivation for rural–town migration and resettlement in townships, which directly leads to the substantial abandonment of mountain settlements. Additionally, isolation, higher transportation costs, and non‐viability of traditional subsistence agriculture are minor drivers that are interwoven, aggravating the abandonment of remote villages. Our study highlights the aggregated characteristics of village abandonment and heterogeneity of rural migration and its corresponding primary drivers. These findings will have significant policy implications for decision makers by helping to identify areas with a high probability of village abandonment and predict the future magnitude of intra‐county migration and subsequent in situ urbanization.
Water flow and salt transport in bare saline‐sodic soils subjected to evaporation and intermittent irrigation with saline/distilled water
Authors: Liu Dongdong , She Dongli , Mu Xingmin 
Published: March 2019

AbstractSustainable development of coastal reclamation areas is severely restricted by the high soil salt content and irrigation water salinity. We investigated the water flow and salt transport in open soil columns subjected to evaporation and intermittent irrigation with saline/distilled water by long‐term wetting–drying cycles. The study included two different soil materials (silt loam and silty clay) with four to five soil sodicity levels. Three groups of experiments with three replicates were imposed: silt loam × 5 sodicity level, silty clay × 5 sodicity level, and 2 soil textures × 5 irrigation water qualities. Three irrigations were conducted in Spring to early Autumn (March 2, June 30, and September 8), whereas the soil columns were subjected to the natural evaporation without rainfall throughout the period September 9 to March 1. The average daily soil evaporation rate significantly decreased with the soil clay content (pr = −0.55; P < 0.001), soil exchangeable sodium percentage (pr = −0.54; P < 0.001), and irrigation water salinity (pr = −0.32; P < 0.001). The soil properties were the major factors responsible for controlling evaporation, whereas the irrigation water salinity was the less important factor. Soil salt distribution was significantly affected by the soil clay content (pr = 0.82; P < 0.001), soil depth (pr = 0.68; P < 0.05), soil exchangeable sodium percentage (pr = 0.85; P < 0.001), and irrigation water salinity (pr = 0.37; P < 0.001). The magnitudes of the steady‐state infiltration rate ic and soil saturated hydraulic conductivity Ks were largely reduced by wetting–drying cycles, especially for the silty clay. Understanding water flow and salt transport in saline‐sodic soils subjected to evaporation and intermittent irrigation with saline/distilled water is important for improving the soil desalination project and strategy.
The Phosphorylation of IRS1S307 and AktS473 Molecules in Insulin‐Resistant C2C12 Cells Induced with Palmitate Is Influenced by Epigallocatechin Gallate from Green Tea
Authors: Bakhtiyari Salar , Zaherara Motahareh , Haghani Karimeh , Khatami Mehrdad , Rashidinejad Ali 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn the current investigation, the effect of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on the phosphorylation of IRS1S307 and AktS473 molecules in insulin‐resistant C2C12 muscle cells induced with palmitate was studied and compared with the effect of the antidiabetic drug, rosiglitazone. C2C12 myoblasts were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium and differentiated into myotubes using horse serum and the creatine kinase test was used to confirm their differentiation. The treatment of C2C12 myotubes was carried out with palmitate, where albumin was used as the conjugator. The Western blot technique was used to check the useful phosphorylation of IRS1S307 and AktS473 in C2C12 myotubes, in the presence or absence of palmitate. There was a significant (p < 0.00) and linear increase in the activity of creatine kinase over time (0 to 96 h after differentiation) with everyday myoblast formation. While neither EGCG nor rosiglitazone showed a significant (p > 0.05) effect on palmitate content during 96 h of incubation of IRS1S307, EGCG alone or combined with rosiglitazone increased the phosphorylation of AktS473, leading to the increase of glucose uptake into C2C12 cells. Thus, it can be concluded that EGCG alone or in combination with rosiglitazone may show some therapeutic effects for the prevention or treatment of Type 2 diabetes owing to its substantial effect on increasing the phosphorylation of AktS473 and the subsequent glucose uptake into the cells.
Differential Impact of Sex on Seasonal Changes in Mantle and Tentacle Phospholipids and Triacylglycerols inSepia officinalis
Authors: Tir Meriam , El Cafsi Imen , Ammar Rym B. , Mejri Hssan , Tlili Nizar , El Cafsi Mhamed 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe aim of the present work was to study the effect of season on phospholipids and triacylglycerols (TAG) of mantle and tentacles of female and male wildSepia officinalis. The identified phospholipids were phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn), phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho), phosphatidylserine (PtdSer), and phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns), and PtdEtn was the major fraction. Results showed apparent seasonal variation of phospholipid content, particularly with female samples. Fatty acid composition of phospholipid classes showed a differentiation much more in the proportions than in the diversity of fatty acids. Results showed that the major saturated fatty acids were 16:0 and 18:0, the major monounsaturated fatty acids were 18:1 and 20:l, and the major polyunsaturated fatty acids were docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n‐3) (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n‐3) (EPA). The results relative to TAG demonstrated significant variations. Principal component analysis confirmed the seasonal and sexual effects. This study could be appropriate for the improvement of consistent monitoring of phospholipid and TAG accumulation in cephalopod, which might be important for both physiological studies and food industries.
Replacing Dietary Fish Oil with Vegetable Oil Blends in Female Rainbow Trout Brood Stock Does Not Affect Breeding Quality
Authors: Agh Naser , Jafari Fatemeh , Jalili Reza , Noori Farzaneh , Mozanzadeh Mansour T. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractTo determine the effects of replacing fish oil (FO) with a mixture of vegetable oils (VO) in plant protein‐rich diets on reproductive performance, the fatty acid profile of embryos as well as health indices of female rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) brooders (initial mean body weight, 1.8 ± 0.1 kg), a 3‐month feeding trial was conducted. Four isoproteic (ca. 42%) and isoenergetic (ca. 20 MJ/kg) diets were formulated in which 50% (FO50/VO50), 75% (FO25/VO75), and 100% (VO100) of FO were replaced by a mixture of VO, whereas the control diet (FO100) was prepared with FO as the major source of lipid. Fish fed the VO100 had the lowest fertilization (73.0 ± 2.5%), survival at eyed‐embryo stage (62.5 ± 5.0%), and hatching rate (56.0 ± 4.7%) rates. Brood fish fed the FO50/VO50, FO25/VO50, and VO100 diets had higher levels of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in embryos in comparison with fish fed FO100 diet. The levels of docosahexaenoic acid of embryos gradually decreased during embryogenesis in all treatments, whereas the concentrations of eicosapentaenoic acid was greatly increased at hatching day (35 days after spawning). Regarding serum biochemical parameters, fish fed the VO100 diet had the highest serum glucose, cholesterol, and low‐density lipoprotein levels. The results of the current study revealed that replacement of dietary FO with a mixture of VO up to 75% did not have any adverse effects on reproductive performance and health indices of O. mykiss females.
A New Series of Conjugated Platinum‐co‐Poly(p‐phenylenebutadiynylene)s Polymers: Syntheses and Photophysical Properties
Authors: Ahmed Md. Kausar , Rahman Md. Mostafizur , Naher Masnun , Mehdi Shawon Shawrier , Khan Atiqur Rahman , Khan Mohammad Mizanur Rahman , Islam S. M. Saiful , Younus Muhammad , Wedler Stefan , Bagnich Sergey , Hofmann Anna‐Lena , Rudnick Alexander , Köhler Anna 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAn efficient route is developed to synthesize a series of platinum‐co‐poly(p‐phenylenebutadiynylene)s (Pt‐co‐PPBs) polymers by stoichiometric mixing of poly(p‐phenylenebutadiynylene)s (PPBs) and platinum bis‐phosphine dichlorides. This synthetic route involves two steps; first, oxidative coupling of diterminal phenyleneethynylenes (PEs) gives low‐molecular‐weight PPBs oligomers HCC(Ph(OR)2
CCCC)n

Ph(OR)2
CCH (R = C4H91, R = C8H172, R = C12H253) (Mn = 1000–3000, degrees of polymerization, Pn(Mn) = 4–6), which have bifunctional alkynyl end groups, and in the second step, these organic oligomers are allowed to react with trans‐[(PnBu3)2PtCl2] to form newly designed Pt‐co‐PPBs (R = C4H94, R = C8H175, R = C12H256) polymers. The yield of 4–6 varies from good (63%) to high (76%) with high molecular weights (Mn) ranging from 52 738 to 74 212, and this methodology tolerates different alkoxy substituted PPBs. These new organometallic polymers contain platinum to phenylenebutadiynylene (PB) ratio of 1:4 to 1:6 and are solution processable. Polymer 4 displays fluorescence at room temperature and fluorescence and phosphorescence at low temperature in thin film, which would be useful for studying the triplet emission in these polymers.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Ethylene/Hexene Copolymer Adsorption onto Graphene: New Insight into Thermal Gradient Interaction Chromatography
Authors: Brunel Fabrice , Boyron Olivier , Clement Arnaud , Boisson Christophe 
Published: March 2019

AbstractCrystallization‐based fractionation techniques are powerful methods for the analysis of short‐chain branching (SCB) in linear low‐density polyethylene. Recently, thermal gradient interaction chromatography (TGIC) has been developed for SCB determination of semi‐crystalline and amorphous polyolefins. In TGIC, the fractionation mechanism relies on the interaction of polyolefin chains with a graphite surface upon temperature change for a given solvent strength. Using molecular dynamics simulations, both the enthalpic and entropic contributions responsible for the separation of short‐chain branched polyethylene are estimated. A new thermodynamic framework for understanding the fractionation mechanism of TGIC is proposed. It is confirmed that at high SCB content, the decrease of the adsorption enthalpy is mostly due to the increased steric hindrance of short branches. However, for low chain branching density, strong increase of the persistence length observed during adsorption decreases the conformational entropy of the polymer and thus counter‐balances the favorable adsorption enthalpy. This entropic contribution may also explain the narrowing of the peak observed experimentally with low short‐chain branching density at high elution temperature.
Facile Synthesis of Cx(AB)yCx Triblock Silicone Copolymers Utilizing Moisture Mediated Living‐End Chain Extension
Authors: Schneider Alyssa F. , Laidley Elizabeth , Brook Michael A. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe physical and chemical properties of silicone block copolymers depend upon the block size and chemical characteristics. Silicone block copolymer synthetic procedures typically involve chain‐growth polymerization techniques that are difficult to control, require low temperatures, inert atmospheres, etc., and which are subject to polymer chain redistribution; the latter process broadens dispersity and leads to the formation of cyclic monomers that must be removed. Once formed, tuning the size of the individual blocks is challenging. The controlled one‐pot synthesis of organosilicone Cx
(AB)y
Cx
triblock copolymers with aryl rich cores is demonstrated by exploiting the Piers–Rubinsztajn reaction and a hydrolysis/condensation polymerization, both using B(C6F5)3 catalysis. A fast Piers–Rubinsztajn reaction between HSi‐terminated silicones and aryl phenyl ethers leads preferentially to the formation of the aryl‐rich core. Subsequent addition of HSi‐terminated silicones permits controlled chain extension of the flanking homosilicone blocks via a slower hydrolysis/condensation facilitated by atmospheric moisture and leads in one pot, two steps to clean Cx
(AB)y
Cx
triblocks. The products are surprisingly resilient to hydrolysis.
Polyurethane/Siloxane Hybrid Polymers with Chemiluminescent Mechanophores as Stress Probes
Authors: Yuan Yuan , Li Mengwei , Yuan Wei , Yang Fan , Chen Yulan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA series of mechanoluminescent polyurethane/siloxane hybrid polymers are synthesized through mild polycondensation and sol–gel hydrolysis process with 1,2‐dioxetane as the mechanophore. With joint advantages of polyurethanes and silicon‐containing polymers, these hybrid polymers exhibit good mechanical strength, high elasticity, and water resistance properties. Herein, 1,2‐dioxetane acts as an autoluminescent probe of chain scission, which could emit visible and sensitive signals of the covalent bond breaking in these hybrid polymers under mechanical force. Thus, chain scission and chain slipping events during the failure process of these polymers can be effectively discriminated. The current work will offer exciting opportunities to study the failure process of hybrid polymers with unprecedented temporal and spatial resolutions.
Sensitivity to the two peptide bacteriocin plantaricin EF is dependent on CorC, a membrane‐bound, magnesium/cobalt efflux protein
Authors: Heeney Dustin D. , Yarov‐Yarovoy Vladimir , Marco Maria L. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractLactic acid bacteria produce a variety of antimicrobial peptides known as bacteriocins. Most bacteriocins are understood to kill sensitive bacteria through receptor‐mediated disruptions. Here, we report on the identification of the Lactobacillus plantarum plantaricin EF (PlnEF) receptor. Spontaneous PlnEF‐resistant mutants of the PlnEF‐indicator strain L. plantarum NCIMB 700965 (LP965) were isolated and confirmed to maintain cellular ATP levels in the presence of PlnEF. Genome comparisons resulted in the identification of a single mutated gene annotated as the membrane‐bound, magnesium/cobalt efflux protein CorC. All isolates contained a valine (V) at position 334 instead of a glycine (G) in a cysteine‐β‐synthase domain at the C‐terminal region of CorC. In silico template‐based modeling of this domain indicated that the mutation resides in a loop between two β‐strands. The relationship between PlnEF, CorC, and metal homeostasis was supported by the finding that PlnEF‐resistance was lost when PlnEF was applied together with high concentrations of Mg2+, Co2+, Zn2+, or Cu2+. Lastly, PlnEF sensitivity was increased upon heterologous expression of LP965 corC but not the G334V CorC mutant in the PlnEF‐resistant strain Lactobacillus casei BL23. These results show that PlnEF kills sensitive bacteria by targeting CorC.