bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation and System Integration
Authors: Prünster Bernd , Czerny Roland , Corici Andreea Ancuta , Wich Tobias 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCross-border authentication based on provisions of the European eIDAS Regulation and cross-border data exchange according to the European Single Digital Gateway Regulation (SDGR) are usually implemented using Web technologies. Consequently, the solutions currently deployed are tailored toward usage scenarios involving Web browsers on traditional end-user devices such as desktop computers or laptops. Such solutions are often difficult to apply to mobile devices like smartphones, since these devices come with different characteristics, capabilities, and limitations. Enabling cross-border authentication and cross-border data exchange on mobile devices hence requires new technical solutions and respective implementations that take into account the special requirements of current mobile devices. This chapter elaborates on the technical details of this issue. It identifies practical technical challenges in implementing eIDAS and SDG-based cross-border authentication and data exchange involving mobile end-user devices. This chapter also discusses strategies to overcome these challenges and evaluates proposed strategies by means of technical implementations relying on state-of-the-art mobile technologies. It then establishes how cross-border authentication based on the eIDAS Regulation and cross-border data exchange based on the SDG Regulation are indeed feasible on mobile devices and show directions toward suitable implementations.
Meanings, Experiences, and Perspectives on Non-Motherhood in a Spanish Context
Authors: Morero Beltrán Anna , Samaranch Elisabet Almeda 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe number of women not having children in Spain is increasing. Official data reveals that, since the 1990s, the total fertility rate in Spain has been below 1.5 children per woman. More precisely, the number of women who remain childless in Spain rose from 11 per cent for women born in 1945 to 20 per cent for those born in 1965, and it is estimated to reach 25 per cent for women born in 1975. This means that one out of every four women in this latter generation will not become a mother, making it the Spanish generation with the fewest number of children in the last 130 years. Despite the fact that existing research has determined that poor material or family conditions are the main reason for not having children, the number of women who freely choose non-motherhood is increasing. This chapter explores the various reasons why Spanish women choose non-motherhood. To this end, we conducted a series of interviews with a group of women fitting this profile and asked them to explain why they opted to remain childless. Our survey included questions specifically designed to explore and examine the arguments provided by our interviewees, to identify those aspects of their life experiences that led them to reject motherhood, and to understand the lived realities of being a non-mother. The chapter is also careful to contextualize this study within contemporary Spanish culture and society.
Alternative Happy Endings? A Qualitative Study of Non-Mothers in Lithuania
Authors: Šumskaitė Lina 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWomen’s experiences of non-motherhood have not been adequately analysed in Lithuania until recently. Women in Lithuania, as in other Eastern European countries, experience the pressure of pro-natalist society to have children. Their decisions whether and when to have children are often not free, as they are influenced by circumstances and internalized cultural beliefs. In this chapter, I analyse the narratives of 12 reproductive-age women (29-47 years old), interviewed in 2017. The findings show that for most of the interviewees, normative preconceptions continue to prevail and influence them. The qualitative interviews examined in this chapter demonstrate the fact that reproduction remains central to women’s lives in Lithuania. Only a few women felt comfortable with not having children. This reveals that the pressure for motherhood remains strong in Lithuania, and experiences of non-motherhood do not yet hold sufficient weight to represent a valid and alternative pathway towards a happy life.
Increasing Phylogenetic Clustering of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Communities in Roots Explains Enhanced Plant Growth and Phosphorus Uptake
Authors: Frew Adam , Aguilar-Trigueros Carlos A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTemporal variation during the assembly of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal communities within plant roots have been posited as critical drivers of the plant-fungal symbiotic outcomes. However, functional implications of these dynamics for the host plant remain poorly understood. We conducted a controlled pot experiment with Sorghum bicolor to investigate how temporal shifts in AM fungal community composition and phylogenetic diversity influence plant growth and phosphorus responses to the symbiosis. We characterised the root-colonising AM fungal communities across three time points and explored their community assembly processes by analysing their phylogenetic diversity and employing joint species distribution modelling with the Hierarchical Modelling of Species Communities (HMSC) framework. We found strong AM fungal turnover through time with a high phylogenetic signal, indicating recruitment of phylogenetically clustered AM fungal species in the host. This temporal phylogenetic clustering of communities coincided with marked increases in plant biomass and phosphorus responses to the AM fungal symbiosis, suggesting that host selection for specific fungi may be a key determinant of these benefits.
Is underweight associated with poorer diet, nutrient status, bone and cardiometabolic health, and school performance in Danish 8-11-year-olds?
Authors: Aurup Anne V. , Strandberg-Larsen Katrine , Andersen Rikke , Biltoft-Jensen Anja , Lauritzen Lotte , Damsgaard Camilla T. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Underweight, i.e. low body mass index for age and sex, may indicate undernutrition, but despite high prevalence, this aspect is largely overlooked in children in high-income countries. We explored if dietary intake, nutrient status, body composition, bone mineralization, cardiometabolic markers and school performance differed in schoolchildren with underweight compared to normal- and overweight.

Methods
We used cross-sectional data from 815 Danish 8-11-year-old children collected in 2011. Intake of foods, macronutrients and key micronutrients (vitamin D, vitamin B12, calcium, iron, zinc and selenium) was assessed by 7-day dietary records. Measurements included anthropometry, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and tests of attention and reading skills. Fasting blood samples were analyzed for biomarkers of iron, long-chain n-3 fatty acids and vitamin D status as well as blood lipids, insulin and growth markers.

Results
Eighty-three (10.2%) children had underweight and were shown to have a lower intake of energy, red meat, protein and zinc and higher intake of added sugar than children with normal- and overweight. They also had higher fish intake relative to overweight, but blood biomarkers did not differ between groups. Children with underweight had lower fat percent and bone mineralization compared to peers with normalweight, but apart from lower insulin, they did not differ in overall cardiometabolic health or school performance.

Conclusion
Although we found some differences in diet, there were no considerable differences in nutrient status, cardiometabolic health or school performance between children with underweight and their normalweight peers. However, the lower bone mineralization is a concern and needs further investigation.
Fatiguing high-intensity intermittent exercise depresses maximal Na+-K+-ATPase activity in human skeletal muscle assessed using a novel NADH-coupled assay
Authors: Vigh-Larsen Jeppe F. , Frangos Sara M. , Overgaard Kristian , Holloway Graham P. , Mohr Magni 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The Na+-K+-ATPase is a critical regulator of ion homeostasis during contraction, buffering interstitial K+ accumulation, which is linked to muscle fatigue during intense exercise. Within this context, we adopted a recently reported methodology to examine exercise-induced alterations in maximal Na+-K+-ATPase activity. Eighteen trained healthy young males completed a repeated high-intensity cycling protocol consisting of three periods (EX1-EX3) of intermittent exercise. Each period comprised 10 × 45-s cycling at ~ 105% Wmax and a repeated sprint test. Muscle biopsies were sampled at baseline and after EX3 for determination of maximal in vitro Na+-K+-ATPase activity. Blood was drawn after each period and in association with a 2-min cycling test at a standardized high intensity (~ 90% Wmax) performed before and after the session to assess plasma K+ accumulation. Further, a 5-h recovery period with the ingestion of carbohydrate or placebo supplementation was implemented to explore potential effects of carbohydrate availability before sampling a final biopsy and repeating all tests. A ~ 12% reduction in maximal Na+-K+-ATPase activity was demonstrated following EX3 compared to baseline (25.2 ± 3.9 vs. 22.4 ± 4.8 μmol·min−1·g−1 protein, P = 0.039), which was sustained at the recovery time point (~ 15% decrease compared to baseline to 21.6 ± 5.9 μmol·min−1·g−1 protein, P = 0.008). No significant effect of carbohydrate supplementation was observed on maximal Na+-K+-ATPase activity after recovery (P = 0.078). In conclusion, we demonstrate an exercise-induced depression of maximal Na+-K+-ATPase activity following high-intensity intermittent exercise, which was sustained during a 5-h recovery period and unrelated to carbohydrate availability under the present experimental conditions. This was shown using a novel NADH coupled assay and confirms previous findings using other methodological approaches.
Sclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma of salivary glands
Authors: Othman Bacem Khalele , Bradová Martina , Simpson Roderick H. W. , Laco Jan , Agaimy Abbas , Rito Miguel , Ihrler Stephan , Steiner Petr , Grossmann Petr , Hájková Veronika , de Rezende Gisele , Goma Montse , Koljenovic Senada , Fonseca Isabel , Michal Michal , Leivo Ilmo , Skalova Alena 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma (SMEC) of the salivary glands is a rare variant of low-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma with scanty cellular atypia characterized by marked fibrosis/sclerosis and a rich inflammatory infiltrate. Herein, we report 25 unpublished cases of SMEC, two of them with prominent eosinophilia (2/25; 8%) and three with abundant IgG4-positive plasma cells (3/25; 12%). In our series of salivary SMEC, molecular analysis using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and/or next-generation sequencing (NGS) provided evidence of MAML2 gene rearrangement in 18 cases of the 21 analyzable cases tested (86%), while this gene locus was intact in 3 cases (14%). This study focuses on the diagnostic criteria of salivary SMEC given its challenge of abundant collagenous stroma, minimal residual neoplastic areas, and inconspicuous mucous cells. Follow-up data of our cases indicate that salivary SMECs have favorable outcomes. Molecular analysis for MAML2 gene rearrangement suggests that SMECs of salivary glands represent a rare variant of conventional low-grade MECs of salivary glands. In contrast, SMECs of the thyroid gland are genetically distinct from salivary-type thyroid MECs.
A novel mouse model recapitulating the MMR-defective SCLC subtype uncovers an actionable sensitivity to immune checkpoint blockade
Authors: Ibruli Olta , Rose France , Beleggia Filippo , Schmitt Anna , Cartolano Maria , Fernandez Lucia Torres , Saggau Julia , Bonasera Debora , Kiljan Martha , Gozum Gokcen , Lichius Luca , Cai Jiali , Niu Li-na , Caiaffa Manoela Iannicelli , Herter Jan M. , Walczak Henning , Liccardi Gianmaria , Grüll Holger , Büttner Reinhard , Bosco Graziella , George Julie , Thomas Roman K. , Bozek Kasia , Reinhardt Hans Christian , Herter-Sprie Grit S. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has an extremely poor prognosis. Despite high initial response rates to chemotherapy and modest survival improvements with the addition of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), almost all patients experience relapse and fatal outcomes. Recent genomic insights uncovered extensive molecular heterogeneity in addition to the almost uniform loss of RB1 and TRP53. Additionally, defective DNA mismatch repair (MMR) has recently been described in some SCLC cases. Here, we generated a novel SCLC mouse model capturing MMR deficiency and assessed immunotherapy responses.

Methods
We developed an MMR-deficient genetically engineered mouse model (GEMM) of SCLC by introducing a conditional Msh2 gene, crucial for maintaining MMR integrity, into the standard Rb1fl/fl;Trp53fl/fl (RP) model. Genomic characteristics and preclinical therapy responses were evaluated by focusing on overall survival and whole exome sequencing (WES) analyses.

Results
MMR-defective SCLC tumors (Rb1fl/fl;Trp53fl/fl;Msh2fl/fl (RPM)) developed later than tumors in MMR-proficient mice. However, the time from tumor manifestation to death of the affected animals was substantially shortened (median survival 55 days in RP vs. 46.5 days in RPM), indicating increased aggressiveness of MMR-defective tumors. RPM tumors exhibited MMR deficiency, high tumor mutational burden (TMB), and an elevated load of candidate neoantigens, compared to RP lesions (p = 0.0106), suggesting increased immunogenicity. Importantly, the overall survival of RPM animals was significantly improved when exposed to ICI.

Conclusion
We propose a novel RPM mouse model as a suitable system to mimic MMR-defective SCLC and tumors with high TMB. We provide in vivo evidence that Msh2 deficiency enhances ICI sensitivity. These findings could contribute to stratifying SCLC patients to immunotherapy, thereby improving treatment outcomes.
Acceptance and commitment therapy as a transdiagnostic approach to adolescents with different anxiety disorders: study protocol
Authors: Figueiredo Diana Vieira , Salvador Maria do Céu , Rijo Daniel , Vagos Paula 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAdolescence increases vulnerability to mental ill-health, particularly anxiety disorders like Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). Still, the understanding of Psychological Flexibility/Inflexibility (PF/PI) as a transdiagnostic framework relevant to explaining these difficulties and the efficacy of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) in addressing adolescent SAD and GAD remains limited. Hence, this study has two aims: examining the role of PI/PF on adolescents’ mental health and assessing ACT’s efficacy for adolescent SAD and GAD. We will collect data from 400 community adolescents and employ network analysis to explore connections between PI/PF processes, anxiety, and flourishing. We will also investigate pathways linking PI/PF processes with flourishing and anxiety across samples (clinical SAD, clinical GAD, and mentally healthy groups), expecting to find similar patterns. Furthermore, a Randomized Controlled Trial with three groups (control, SAD experimental and GAD experimental), each comprising 29 participants, and four assessment moments (pre- and post-intervention and 3- and 6-months follow-up) will be conducted. Similar improvements are anticipated in both experimental groups, driven by changes in PI/PF processes. Findings from this work will provide valuable evidence to PI/PF as accurate conceptualizations of human suffering and expand the transdiagnostic application of ACT to adolescents with anxiety disorders.
Improving ranking-based question answering with weak supervision for low-resource Qur’anic texts
Authors: ElKoumy Mohammed , Sarhan Amany 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis work tackles the challenge of ranking-based machine reading comprehension (MRC), where a question answering (QA) system generates a ranked list of relevant answers for each question instead of simply extracting a single answer. We highlight the limitations of traditional learning methods in this setting, particularly under limited training data. To address these issues, we propose a novel ranking-inspired learning method that focuses on ranking multiple answer spans instead of single answer extraction. This method leverages lexical overlap as weak supervision to guide the ranking process. We evaluate our approach on the Qur’an Reading Comprehension Dataset (QRCD), a low-resource Arabic dataset over the Holy Qur’an. We employ transfer learning with external resources to fine-tune various transformer-based models, mitigating the low-resource challenge. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method significantly outperforms standard mechanisms across different models. Furthermore, we show its better alignment with the ranking-based MRC task and the effectiveness of external resources for this low-resource dataset. Our best performing model achieves a state-of-the-art partial Reciprocal Rank (pRR) score of 63.82%, surpassing the previous best-known score of 58.60%. To foster further research, we release code [GitHub repository:github.com/mohammed-elkomy/weakly-supervised-mrc], trained models, and detailed experiments to the community.
Identification of three QTLs that additively affect heading time in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by QTL-seq approach
Authors: Komura Shoya , Kobayashi Fuminori , Oono Youko , Handa Hirokazu , Inoue Yoshihiro , Yoshida Kentaro 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOptimizing the timing of heading is crucial for achieving stable production in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). We analyzed a breeding line, ‘B1-0393’, that headed 5 days earlier than the Japanese elite cultivar ‘Kitahonami’. To identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) responsible for this difference, we conducted QTL-seq using F3 progeny of a cross between ‘Kitahonami’ and ‘B1-0393’. We detected QTLs on chromosomes 2D (QDth.kupg-2D), 3D (QDth.kupg-3D), and 4A (QDth.kupg-4A), explaining 10.25%, 2.00%, and 8.24%, respectively, of phenotypic variance. The QDth.kupg-2D locus corresponded to the major photoperiod-regulating gene Photoperiod-D1 (Ppd-D1). ‘Kitahonami’ had the photoperiod-sensitive Ppd-D1b allele and ‘B1-0393’ had the insensitive Ppd-D1a allele. QDth.kupg-4A overlapped with previously reported QTLs, while QDth.kupg-3D was a novel QTL. Segregation analysis using F2 and F3 plants confirmed that alleles from ‘B1-0393’ at all three loci accelerated heading and that the three QTLs had additive effects on days to heading. Our findings could be valuable for regulating the timing of heading to optimize wheat yield.
Soluble Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Receptor and Inflammatory Biomarker Response with Prognostic Significance after Acute Neuronal Injury – a Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Sajanti Antti , Hellström Santtu , Bennett Carolyn , Srinath Abhinav , Jhaveri Aditya , Cao Ying , Takala Riikka , Frantzén Janek , Koskimäki Fredrika , Falter Johannes , Lyne Seán B. , Rantamäki Tomi , Posti Jussi P. , Roine Susanna , Jänkälä Miro , Puolitaival Jukka , Kolehmainen Sulo , Girard Romuald , Rahi Melissa , Rinne Jaakko , Castrén Eero , Koskimäki Janne 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), ischemic stroke (IS), and traumatic brain injury (TBI) are severe conditions impacting individuals and society. Identifying reliable prognostic biomarkers for predicting survival or recovery remains a challenge. Soluble urokinase type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) has gained attention as a potential prognostic biomarker in acute sepsis. This study evaluates suPAR and related neuroinflammatory biomarkers in serum for brain injury prognosis. This prospective study included 31 aSAH, 30 IS, 13 TBI, and three healthy controls (n = 77). Serum samples were collected on average 5.9 days post-injury, analyzing suPAR, IL-1β, cyclophilin A, and TNFα levels using ELISA. Outcomes were assessed 90 days post-injury with the modified Rankin Scale (mRS), categorized as favorable (mRS 0-2) or unfavorable (mRS 3-6). Statistical analyses included 2-tailed t-tests, Pearson’s correlations, and machine learning linear discriminant analysis (LDA) for biomarker combinations. Elevated suPAR levels were found in brain injury patients compared to controls (p = 0.017). Increased suPAR correlated with unfavorable outcomes (p = 0.0018) and showed prognostic value (AUC = 0.66, p = 0.03). IL-1β levels were higher in the unfavorable group (p = 0.0015). LDA combinatory analysis resulted a fair prognostic accuracy with canonical equation = 0.775[suPAR] + 0.667[IL1-β] (AUC = 0.77, OR 0.296, sensitivity 93.1%, specificity 53.1%, p = 0.0007). No correlation was found between suPAR and CRP or infection status. Elevated suPAR levels in acute brain injury patients were associated with poorer outcomes, highlighting suPAR’s potential as a prognostic biomarker across different brain injury types. Combining IL-1β with suPAR improved prognostic accuracy, supporting a multimodal biomarker approach for predicting outcomes.
Synthesis of ZnTe powders from green solvents by a solvothermal method. Study of the sensing properties in a CO atmosphere
Authors: Pizano José Josué Rodríguez , Olvera M. de la L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this work, the characterization and testing of sensing properties of ZnTe powders for detecting carbon monoxide were investigated. The ZnTe synthesis was reached by a solvothermal process, using three different green solvents, methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol. The structural, morphological, and compositional properties of ZnTe powders were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, XRD, scanning electron microscopy, SEM, and atomic force microscopy, AFM, and X-ray energy dispersion (EDS), respectively. XRD confirmed the zincblende-type cubic phase of ZnTe, with crystallite sizes of the order of 69 nm. SEM images of all synthesized samples showed a surface covered with particles of different sizes and irregular morphologies. Finally, the sensing response of ZnTe samples to CO was measured for concentrations varying from 1 to 500 ppm at different operating temperatures, 100, 200, and 300 °C. The highest sensitivity, 18.4, was obtained for ZnTe samples synthesized from isopropanol as solvent, so ZnTe powders showed a good response for CO detection, resulting these materials promising to be applied as gas sensors.
$$\textsf{ST}$$ and $$\textsf{TS}$$ as Product and Sum
Authors: Blomet Quentin , Égré Paul 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe set of $$\textsf{ST}$$
ST
-valid inferences is neither the intersection, nor the union of the sets of $$\textsf{K}_3$$

K
3

-valid and $$\textsf{LP}$$
LP
-valid inferences, but despite the proximity to both systems, an extensional characterization of $$\textsf{ST}$$
ST
in terms of a natural set-theoretic operation on the sets of $$\textsf{K}_3$$

K
3

-valid and $$\textsf{LP}$$
LP
-valid inferences is still wanting. In this paper, we show that it is their relational product. Similarly, we prove that the set of $$\textsf{TS}$$
TS
-valid inferences can be identified using a dual notion, namely as the relational sum of the sets of $$\textsf{LP}$$
LP
-valid and $$\textsf{K}_3$$

K
3

-valid inferences. We discuss links between these results and the interpolation property of classical logic. We also use those results to revisit the duality between $$\textsf{ST}$$
ST
and $$\textsf{TS}$$
TS
. We present a notion of duality on which $$\textsf{ST}$$
ST
and $$\textsf{TS}$$
TS
are dual in exactly the same sense in which $$\textsf{LP}$$
LP
and $$\textsf{K}_3$$

K
3

are dual to each other.