bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monitoring of cytomegalovirus infection in non-transplant pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients during chemotherapy
Authors: Phasuk Nonthapan , Keatkla Jiraporn , Rattanasiri Sasivimol , Techasaensiri Chonnamet , Anurathapan Usanarat , Apiwattanakul Nopporn 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the posttransplant setting; however, it is increasingly recognized in pediatric leukemia during chemotherapy. This study assessed the prevalence and associated factors of CMV infection in pediatric non-transplant leukemia patients.
This was a cross-sectional study of 50 pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients receiving chemotherapy at Ramathibodi Hospital from December 2015 to December 2016. CMV viral load quantified by DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was monitored in different phases of chemotherapy: enrolment, post-induction, post-consolidation, post-intensification, and maintenance.
One hundred forty one blood tests were evaluated from 50 patients. Overall prevalence of CMV DNAemia (≥20 copies/mL) and high-level CMV DNAemia (≥1000 copies/mL) was 52% (26 of 50) and 16.0% (8 of 50), respectively. All patients with high-level CMV DNAemia were in the maintenance phase of chemotherapy. One patient had CMV retinitis, while the rest had no end-organ CMV diseases. Increased lymphocyte count was significantly associated with protection from high-level CMV DNAemia (odds ratio 0.997, P = .02). Receiver operating characteristic curve identified a cut-off value of 798 cells/mm3 of absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) as a discriminator for the presence of high-level CMV DNAemia (area under the curve 0.756, 95% CI 0.645–0.867, P = .001) with 88.9% sensitivity and 50.4% specificity.
CMV infection predominantly occurred during maintenance chemotherapy. Low ALC was significantly associated with high-level CMV DNAemia. CMV infection surveillance by quantitative CMV DNA PCR during maintenance chemotherapy in patients with ALC <800 cells/mm3 may be considered.
Implementation of an Evidence-Based, Nurse-Driven Sepsis Protocol to Reduce Acute Care Transfer Readmissions in the Inpatient Rehabilitation Facility Setting
Authors: Jacobs Jenelle L. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Purpose
The aim of this study was to determine if implementing an evidence-based, nurse-driven sepsis protocol would reduce acute care transfer (ACT) readmissions from an inpatient rehabilitation facility compared to nonprotocolized or usual standard of care for adult sepsis patients undergoing physical rehabilitation.

Design
This study used a preintervention and postintervention model for quality improvement, which involved comparing the nonprotocolized care of adult sepsis patients in the inpatient rehabilitation population to the application of an evidence-based, nurse-driven sepsis protocol to determine its effect on reducing ACT readmissions.

Methods
Patients who screened positive for suspected sepsis and received protocolized interventions were analyzed to determine the occurrence of ACT readmission. Compliance with protocol elements was also evaluated.

Findings
The sepsis-related ACT readmission rate decreased from 36.28% to 25% in 8 weeks, and compliance with protocolized sepsis interventions increased.

Conclusions
Nurse-driven, protocolized assessment and treatment can improve the management and care of sepsis patients undergoing physical rehabilitation and can reduce ACT readmissions.

Clinical Relevance
This review provides rehabilitation nurses an evidence-based, nurse-driven approach to the clinical management of sepsis patients in the inpatient rehabilitation setting and discusses how this approach can reduce ACT readmissions and improve clinical outcomes.
Long-term Changes in 18F-Flutemetamol Uptake in Nondemented Older Adults
Authors: Duff Kevin , Horn Kevin P. , Hoffman John M. 
Published: January 2019

Purpose:
Longitudinal studies into the variability of 18F-Flutemetamol uptake are lacking.

Methods/Patients:
Therefore, the current study examined change in 18F-Flutemetamol uptake in 19 nondemented older adults (65 to 82 y old) who were either cognitively intact or had Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) who were scanned twice across 3.6 years.

Results:
Baseline and follow-up composite SUVRs were significantly correlated (0.96, P<0.001). Significant increases in the composite SUVR from baseline to follow-up were observed (P=0.002). For the total sample, the average difference over this time period when using the composite SUVR was 6.8%. Similar results were seen in subsets of the total sample (MCI vs. cognitively intact, amyloid positive vs. negative). Finally, a Reliable Change Index that exceeded ±0.046 SUVR units would indicate a significant change of 18F-Flutemetamol.

Conclusions:
The current results extend the limited literature on longitudinal variability of 18F-Flutemetamol uptake across 3.6 years, which should give clinicians and researchers more confidence in the stability of this amyloid imaging agent in longer therapeutic and prevention trials in cognitive decline in MCI and Alzheimer disease.
PPARβ/δ controls Mediator recruitment and transcription initiation
Authors: Legrand Nathalie , Bretscher Clemens L. , Zielke Svenja , Wilke Bernhard , Daude Michael , Fritz Barbara , Diederich Wibke E. , Adhikary Till 
Published: January 2019

AbstractRepression of transcription by nuclear receptors involves NCOR and SMRT corepressor complexes, which harbour the deacetylase HDAC3 as a subunit. Both deacetylase-dependent and -independent repression mechanisms have been reported for these complexes. In the absence of ligands, the nuclear receptor PPARβ/δ recruits NCOR and SMRT and represses expression of its canonical targets including the ANGPTL4 gene. Agonistic ligands cause corepressor dissociation and enable enhanced induction of transcription by coactivators. Vice versa, recently developed synthetic inverse agonists lead to augmented corepressor recruitment and repression that dominates over activating stimuli. Both basal repression of ANGPTL4 and reinforced repression elicited by inverse agonists are partially insensitive to HDAC inhibition. This raises the question of how PPARβ/δ represses transcription mechanistically.Here, we show that the PPARβ/δ inverse agonist PT-S264 impairs transcription initiation in human cells. Inverse agonist-bound PPARβ/δ interferes with recruitment of Mediator, RNA polymerase II, and TFIIB, but not with recruitment of other basal transcription factors, to the ANGPTL4 promoter. We identify NCOR as the main ligand-dependent interactor of PPARβ/δ in the presence of PT-S264. In PPARβ/δ knockout cells, reconstitution with PPARβ/δ mutants deficient in basal repression recruit less NCOR, SMRT, and HDAC3 to chromatin, concomitant with increased binding of RNA polymerase II. PT-S264 restores binding of NCOR, SMRT, and HDAC3, resulting in diminished polymerase II binding and transcriptional repression. In the presence of HDAC inhibitors, ligand-mediated repression of PPARβ/δ target genes is only partially relieved. Our findings corroborate deacetylase-dependent and -independent repressive functions of HDAC3-containing complexes. Deacetylase-independent repression mediated by binding of inverse agonists to PPARβ/δ involve NCOR/SMRT recruitment and interference with Mediator, TFIIB, and RNA polymerase II binding.
PSMC3 is required for spermatogonia niche establishment in mouse spermatogenesis
Authors: Pranchevicius Maria Cristina S. , Previato Luciana , Castro Rodrigo O. de , Pezza Roberto J. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMales produce millions of spermatozoa each day, which are originated from spermatogonia. Spermatogonia niche establishment and maintenance and the subsequent haploidization of spermatocytes in meiosis are hallmarks of this process. The function of the individual players and coordinated mechanisms regulating different stages of gametogenesis in mammals are not well understood. In this work we focused on the role of PSMC3 in mouse gametogenesis. We observed that Psmc3 is highly expressed in mouse testis, and it is widely expressed in different stages of gamete formation. Conditional deletion of Psmc3 results in both male and female impairment of gonad development at early pre-meiotic stages, but has no apparent effect on meiosis progression. This is likely a consequence of abnormal spermatogonia niche establishment and/or maintenance, revealed by a massive loss of undifferentiated spermatogonia. Our work defines a fundamental role of PSMC3 functions in spermatogenesis during spermatogonia development with direct implications in fertility.
BioID based proteomic analysis of the Bid interactome identifies novel proteins involved in cell cycle dependent apoptotic priming
Authors: Pedley Robert , King Louise E. , Mallikarjun Venkatesh , Wang Pengbo , Swift Joe , Brennan Keith , Gilmore Andrew P. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractApoptotic priming controls the commitment of cells to apoptosis by determining how close they lie to mitochondrial permeabilisation. Variations in priming are important for how both healthy and cancer cells respond to chemotherapeutic agents, but how this is dynamically coordinated by Bcl-2 proteins remains unclear. The Bcl-2 family protein Bid is phosphorylated when cells enter mitosis, increasing apoptotic priming and sensitivity to anti-mitotic drugs. Here we report an unbiased proximity biotinylation (BioID) screen to identify regulators of apoptotic priming in mitosis, using Bid as bait. The screen primarily identified proteins outside of the canonical Bid interactome. Specifically, we found that voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 2 (VDAC2) was required for Bid phosphorylation dependent changes in apoptotic priming during mitosis. Thus, we identify an additional layer of regulation upstream of known Bid interactions that control dynamic changes in apoptotic priming. These results highlight the importance of understanding the wider Bcl-2 family interactome and its role in regulating the temporal control of apoptotic priming.
ApicoTFdb: The comprehensive web repository of apicomplexan transcription factors and regulators
Authors: Sardar Rahila , Kaushik Abhinav , Pandey Rajan , Mohmmed Asif , Ali Shakir , Gupta Dinesh 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDespite significant progress in apicomplexans genome sequencing and genomics, the current list of experimentally validated TFs in these genomes is incomplete and mainly consists of AP2 family of proteins, with only a limited number of non-AP2 family TFs and TAFs. We have performed systematic bioinformatics aided prediction of TFs and TAFs in apicomplexan genomes, and developed ApicoTFdb database which consists of experimentally validated as well as computationally predicted TFs and TAFs in 14 apicomplexan species. The predicted TFs are manually curated to complement the existing annotations. The current version of the database includes 1310 TFs, out of which 833 are novel and computationally predicted TFs, representing 22 distinct families across 14 apicomplexan species. The predictions include TFs of TUB, NAC, BSD, CCAAT, HTH, Cupin/Jumonji, winged-helix, and FHA family proteins, not reported earlier in the genomes.Apart from TFs, ApicoTFdb also classifies TAFs into three main subclasses-TRs, CRRs and RNARs, representing 3047 TAFs in 14 apicomplexan species are analyzed in this study. The database is equipped with a set of useful tools for comparative analysis of a user-defined list of the proteins. ApicoTFdb will be useful to the researchers interested in less-studied gene regulatory mechanisms mediating the complex life cycle of the apicomplexan parasites. The database will aid the discovery of novel drug targets to much needed combat the growing drug resistance in the parasites.
ANOMALOUS PERCEPTION OF BIOLOGICAL MOTION IN AUTISM: A CONCEPTUAL REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Federici Alessandra , Parma Valentina , Vicovaro Michele , Radassao Luca , Casartelli Luca , Ronconi Luca 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDespite its popularity, the construct of biological motion (BM) and its putative anomalies in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are not completely clarified. Here, we propose a new model describing distinct levels of BM processing, and we present a meta-analysis investigating BM perception in ASD. We screened 114 articles testing BM perception in ASD and typical developing peers. A general meta-analysis including all the selected studies (N=27) showed BM processing moderate deficit in ASD, but high heterogeneity. This heterogeneity was explored in different additional meta-analyses where studies were grouped according to different levels of BM processing (first-order/direct/instrumental) and the manipulation of low-level perceptual features (spatial/temporal). Results suggest that the most severe deficit in ASD is evident when perception of BM is serving a secondary purpose (e.g., inferring intentionality/action/emotion) and, interestingly, that temporal dynamics could be an important factor in determining BM processing anomalies in ASD. In conclusion, this work questions the traditional understanding of BM anomalies in ASD and claims for a paradigm shift that deconstructs BM into distinct levels of processing and specific spatio-temporal subcomponents.Public Significance statementSince the seminal study by Johansson (1973), the construct of “biological motion” (BM) has gained a considerable success in a wide range of disciplines. In particular, BM processing has been considered a putative marker for social difficulties in neurodevelopmental conditions such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Our work aims to quantitatively test the solidity of this view through a meta-analytic approach and also to better define anomalies in BM perception according to distinct levels of complexity and specific spatio-temporal features. Interestingly, we do it by challenging the traditional approach to the conception of BM. This novel conceptualization has intriguing clinical and theoretical insights.
Oscillatory Mechanisms of Successful Memory Formation in Younger and Older Adults Are Related to Structural Integrity
Authors: Sander Myriam C. , Fandakova Yana , Grandy Thomas H. , Shing Yee Lee , Werkle-Bergner Markus 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe studied oscillatory mechanisms of successful memory formation in 47 younger and 52 older adults in an intentional associative memory task with cued recall. While older adults showed reduced memory performance, we found subsequent memory effects (SME) in alpha/beta and theta frequency bands in both age groups. Using logistic mixed effect models, we then investigated whether interindividual differences in structural integrity of memory regions that were functionally linked to oscillatory dynamics in previous studies (Hanslmayr et al., 2011) could account for interindividual differences in the strength of the SME. Structural integrity of inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and hippocampus (HC) was reduced in older adults. SME in the alpha/beta band were indeed modulated by the cortical thickness of inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), in line with its hypothesized role for deep semantic elaboration. Importantly, this structure–function relationship did not differ by age group. However, older adults were more frequently represented among the participants with low cortical thickness and consequently weaker SME in the alpha band. Thus, our results suggest that differences in the structural integrity of the IFG are the basis not only for interindividual, but also for age differences in memory formation.
A penalized expected risk criterion for portfolio selection
Authors: Luo Ronghua , Liu Yi , Lan Wei 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
Under the classical mean-variance framework, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the properties of the instability of minimal variance portfolio and then propose a novel penalized expected risk criterion (PERC) for optimal portfolio selection.

Design/methodology/approach
The proposed method considers not only a portfolio’s expected risk, but also its instability that is quantified by the variance of the estimated portfolio weights. This study tests the out-of-sample performance of various portfolio selection methods on both China and US stock markets.

Findings
It is very useful to control portfolio stability in real application of portfolio selection. The empirical results on both US and China stock markets show that PERC portfolio effectively controls turnover and consequently the transaction cost, and that is why it is so competing compared with other alternative methods.

Research limitations/implications
The findings suggest that the rebalancing turnover and the associated transaction cost that is usually ignored in theoretical analysis play a very important role in real investment.

Practical implications
For investors, especially institutional investors, the rebalancing turnover and corresponding transaction cost must be carefully addressed. The variance of the estimated portfolio weights is a good candidate to quantify portfolio instability.

Originality/value
This study addresses the important role of portfolio instability and proposes a novel expected risk criterion for portfolio selection after the quantitative definition of portfolio instability.
The psychological roots of chemsex and how understanding the full picture can help us create meaningful support
Authors: Evans Katie 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the larger picture of chemsex in a hope to understand how to best work with clients therapeutically. The paper’s aim is to acknowledge not just the risk and “negative” aspects but also what might be gained by men engaging in chems use. How can the chemsex space act as a container for emotions and experiences?

Design/methodology/approach
This is a paper based upon cases from within the author’s private practice plus anonymous interviews with men. It comes from a sex positive therapy approach and explores ideas formed within the author's work as a practitioner.

Findings
The findings within this paper showed just how complex an issue chemsex is with many layers to it. The author also found that the most important aspect to bear in mind is that this is a very human issue, with aspects many can relate to such as intimacy, self-esteem, desire for connection and dealing with difficult emotions. By seeing what part it plays in the life of men involved then it is possible to can understand how seductive it could be.

Originality/value
This paper takes a more in-depth look at the psychological roots of chemsex and how these play a part. As this field is explored more, this paper aims to look at chemsex from the idea of pleasure, community and connection so that it is possible to provide the support that is best suited.
On the predictability of economic structural change by the Poincaré–Bendixson theory
Authors: Stijepic Denis 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
The three-sector framework (relating to agriculture, manufacturing and services) is one of the major concepts for studying the long-run change of the economic structure. This paper aims to discuss the system-theoretical classification of the structural change in the three-sector framework and, in particular, its predictability by the Poincaré–Bendixson theory.

Design/methodology/approach
This study compares the assumptions of the Poincaré–Bendixson theory to the typical axioms of structural change modeling, the empirical evidence on the geometrical properties of structural change trajectories and the methodological arguments referring to the laws of structural change.

Findings
The findings support the assumption that the structural change phenomenon is representable by a dynamical system that is predictable by the Poincaré–Bendixson theory. This result implies, among others, that in the long run, structural change is either transitory or cyclical and can be used in further geometrical/topological long-run structural change modeling and prediction.

Originality/value
Although widespread in mathematics, geometrical/topological modeling methods have not been used in modeling and prediction of long-run structural change, despite the fact that they seem to be predestined for this purpose owing to their global, system-theoretical nature, allowing for a reduction of ideology content of predictions and greater robustness of results.
Role of magnetic field on forced convection of nanofluid in a branching channel
Authors: Selimefendigil Fatih , Öztop Hakan F. , Chamkha Ali J. 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
Numerical study of nanofluid forced convection within a branching channel was performed under the influence of a uniform magnetic field. The purpose of this study is to enhance the heat transfer performance of the separated flow at the branching channel with the use of magnetic field and nanofluid. The use of magnetic field and enhancement in both the thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity with the inclusion of the nanoparticles provides favorable thermophysical properties of the nanofluid when it used as a heat transfer fluid in a branching channel. The results of this study may be used to control the thermal performance in a branching channel and further optimization studies in the presence of magnetic field.

Design/methodology/approach
Galerkin weighted residual finite element method was used for the simulations. The numerical simulation results are performed by changing the inclination angle of the lower branching channel (between 0° and 90°), thermophysical properties of the fluid via inclusion of nanoparticles (between 0 and 0.04), Reynolds number (between 100 and 400) and magnetic field strength (Hartmann number changes between 0 and 15).

Findings
It was observed that the recirculation zones and reattachment length of the upper and lower branching channels are affected by the variation of those parameters. Reattachment lengths increase with the augmentation of the Reynolds number and deterioration of the Hartmann number. Average Nusselt number becomes higher for higher values of Hartmann number and solid particle volume fraction. Inclusion of the nanoparticle to the base fluid is very effective for the configuration with higher values of Hartmann number. An optimum value of the inclination angle of the lower branching channel is observed, beyond which heat transfer rate is significantly reduced due to the establishment of a large vortex in the upper branching channel and restriction of the fluid motion.

Originality/value
In this study, forced convection of nanofluid flow in a branching channel under the effect of magnetic field was numerically studied. Magnetic field effects with nanoparticle inclusion to the base fluid on the convective heat transfer was analyzed for various inclination angles of the lower branching channel. Flow separation at the junction of the channels and thus convective heat transfer rate are influenced by the variation of these parameters. There are many studies related to application of the magnetic field with nanofluids, and a few of them are related to configurations with separated flows. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, there exist no studies for the application of nanofluids and magnetic field for the convective heat transfer in a branching channel. This topic is of importance as there are many engineering applications of the branching channels.