bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Left Atrial Structure and Function Following Ethanol Infusion into Vein of Marshall (MR‐SHALL Study)
Authors: Aranyó Julia , Juncà Gladys , Sarrias Axel , Bazan Victor , Cea Daniel , Villuendas Roger , Gálvez‐Montón Carolina , Fernandez‐Nofrerias Eduard , Bayes‐Genís Antoni , Delgado Victoria , Teis Albert , Bisbal Felipe 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundEthanol infusion into the vein of Marshall (EI‐VOM) is an adjunctive therapy to pulmonary vein isolation (PVI), which improves the efficacy of persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation procedures. It is unknown how EI‐VOM scar formation impacts left atrium (LA) structure and function.ObjectiveTo characterize scar formation after EI‐VOM, and its impact on LA function, by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR).MethodsConsecutive patients referred for persistent AF ablation, or any repeat procedure, were included. Ablation strategy included PVI, EI‐VOM and linear lesions when deemed necessary. LA was assessed by late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) CMR at baseline and 3‐month follow‐up. CMR was post‐processed off‐line with dedicated software. The LA was regionalized into 17 segments, and global and regional scarring were calculated. Strain parameters were analyzed—including LA reservoir, conduit, and booster strain; LA ejection fraction; and LA passive and active emptying function. Follow‐up LGE‐CMR reconstruction was coregistered with the voltage map, ablation RF points, and fluoroscopy to compare the scar location with the VOM trajectory.ResultsThis study included 21 patients (65 ± 8 years; 76% men; 57% ablation of persistent AF). After EI‐VOM, 95% of patients presented new low‐voltage areas, all of whom exhibited new LGE‐CMR scarring at follow‐up. Voltage map and LGE‐CMR coregistration showed comparable scar areas (p = 0.287). LGE‐CMR scarring frequently involved the whole VOM trajectory, predominantly affecting the LA ridge, mitral isthmus, and left posterior wall. LA volume was significantly reduced after ablation, without significant changes in LA functional parameters.ConclusionEI‐VOM causes permanent scarring at 3‐month follow‐up, with no adverse impact on CMR LA functional parameters.
A cross‐sectional study of anesthesia medical staff's occupational and health status in nongovernment medical institutions in China
Authors: Wang Bo , Liu Kunpeng , Shi Hui , Chen Xuanling , Qin Xuewei , Yao Lan , Sun Yongxing , Chai Wei , Liu Chunhong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundNongovernment medical institutions have gradually become a significant part of China's healthcare system, with a growing numbers of staff. However, the current status of anesthesiology staff in these institutions is unclear. To gain insight into this situation and to compare it with public hospitals, the national anesthesia professional committee of the Chinese Nongovernment Medical Institutions Association (CNMIA) designed and conducted the national cross‐sectional survey.MethodsWe conducted a national cross‐sectional study to investigate the occupational and health status of anesthesiology staff in Nongovernment medical institutions. Additional questions were included for the directors of the anesthesiology department to understand their work stress and the reasons for employee turnover. The electronic questionnaire was created using Questionnaire Star and distributed by Anesthesia Professional Committee of the CNMIA through the QR code links and WeChat.ResultsA total of 1111 questionnaires were collected, including 989 from anesthesiologists and 122 from nurse anesthetists. The overall job satisfaction score (MSQ) was 75.57 ± 12.32 and the average fatigue score (MFI‐20) was 49.10 ± 10.90. High‐risk factors for severe fatigue included being aged 31–40, holding a middle title, frequently working night shifts, having long working hours, and participating surgeries classified as ASA III or higher. The most common disease reported was difficulty falling asleep/insomnia. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that men (OR = 0.662, 95% CI: 0.482–0.909, p < 0.05), those with a bachelor's degree (OR = 2.152, 95% CI: 1.186–3.903, p < 0.05), individuals with heavy workloads (OR = 2.999, 95% CI: 1.493–6.024, p < 0.01), poor health (OR = 4.280, 95% CI: 1.216–15.057, p < 0.05), and high MFI‐20 scores (OR = 1.085, 95% CI: 1.067–1.103, p < 0.001) were more likely to suffer from insomnia. Directors identified medical quality and safety management as their main source of stress and low income as the primary reason for employee resignation.ConclusionsNongovernment medical institutions have fewer employees, similar workloads, relatively low job stress and higher job satisfaction compared to public hospitals. Low income and difficulty falling asleep/insomnia are significant issues that require attention.
Improving Mass Transfer by Vacuum Impregnation During Osmotic Dehydration of Ripe Kadamb (Neolamarckia cadamba) Fruit
Authors: Panda Tarak Chandra , Bansode Venkatraman , Jaddu Samuel , Dwivedi Madhuresh , Pradhan Rama Chandra , Seth Dibyakanta 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTKadamb (Neolamarckia cadamba) is an underutilized fruit which has many nutritional and medicinal properties. The literature availability on utilization of kadamb as food is scarce. The present work was carried out to find the effect of vacuum impregnation during osmotic dehydration on the quality of kadamb fruit (Neolamarckia cadamba) candy (KC). The vacuum impregnation at 100 mbar for 15 min, brix value of hypertonic solution at 60°, 65°, 70°, and 75°, and time of osmotic dehydration 24, 36, 48, and 72 h were taken as variables in the process. Mass transfer parameters like water loss, solute gain, and weight reduction for all samples were calculated. The treatment with 75° Brix, 48 h, 100 mbar vacuum for 15 min got best results with more water loss (67.48% ± 1.11%), solute gain (19.63% ± 0.32%), and less weight reduction (40.51% ± 0.39%), respectively. No microbial load was found in the developed candy. Infrared (IR) spectrum, texture profile analysis, and field emission scanning electron microscopy tests revealed the availability of compounds, textural and microstructure of KC, respectively. The candy prepared from 75° Brix, 48 h, 100 mbar vacuum for 15 min has the highest organoleptic scores. The prepared candy cubes were packed into low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) pouches and stored under ambient conditions, and the quality changes during storage were studied.
The change process questionnaire (CPQ): A psychometric validation
Authors: Lindsay T. R. , Seedall R. B. , Gillespie A. , Robinson W. D. , Bradshaw S. D. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTracking therapeutic processes and outcomes session to session, known as feedback‐informed treatment (FIT), has shown many significant benefits for systemic family therapists. However, more clinically useful FIT measures are needed in our field. In response, we conceptualize core dimensions of the therapeutic change process and propose a measure—the Change Process Questionnaire (CPQ)—based on some of those dimensions to provide a clinically useful FIT measure. Developed as a 25‐item measure, this study evaluated the measure's psychometric properties, resulting in a refined version with 18 items organized into four subscales (client relationships, client well‐being, therapist regard, and therapeutic effect) that demonstrate some alignment with core dimensions of the change process. In this article, we provide a preliminary overview of the CPQ's psychometric validity and potential to contribute to the therapeutic change process and its accompanying scholarly literature.
Increasing trends of laparoscopic procedures in non‐obstetric surgery during pregnancy over 17 years at a single center: Retrospective case–control study
Authors: Na Eun Duc , Roh Minji , Lim Su Jin , Kwak Min Jeong , Kim Heewon , Baek Min Jung , Ahn Eun Hee , Jung Sang Hee , Jang Ji Hyon 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the diseases requiring surgery during pregnancy, the changes in surgical methods over time, and the characteristics of surgeries performed in different trimesters.Methods and MaterialsA retrospective study conducted at Bundang CHA Hospital between 2006 and 2023 analyzed surgeries performed during pregnancy and compared laparoscopic and open approaches across the three trimesters of pregnancy. Additionally, general (appendicitis, cholecystitis) and gynecologic (heterotopic pregnancy, adnexal torsion) cases were compared.ResultsAmong 36 181 delivery patients, 101 (0.28%) underwent surgery. The most common conditions were appendicitis (44.6%), cholecystitis (1.9%), heterotopic pregnancy (23.8%), adnexal torsion (27.7%), and cancer (1.9%). The laparoscopic group had a shorter operative time (41.5 ± 19.3 vs. 57.9 ± 33.9 min, p = 0.009) and hospital stay (4.9 ± 2.7 vs. 9.0 ± 9.8 days, p = 0.016) than open surgery group. Heterotopic pregnancy (47.1%) and adnexal torsion (39.2%) were common in the first trimester, whereas appendicitis peaked in the second (80%) and third trimesters (66.7%).The increasing use of assisted reproductive technology (ART) has led to a rise in gynecological patients requiring surgery in the first trimester, resulting in more laparoscopic surgeries during this period. Interestingly, an increase in laparoscopic surgery was also observed in general surgery during the second and third trimesters. Perioperative tocolysis was more frequent (51.1% vs. 3.8%, p < 0.001) and of longer duration (4.6 ± 8.8 vs. 0.1 ± 0.6 days, p = 0.001) after general surgical procedures.ConclusionLaparoscopic surgery during pregnancy offers several advantages such as shorter operative time and hospital stay. Since 2011, laparoscopic surgery for the entire gestational period has been on the rise.
‘On a knife's edge’: medical, police, and legal responses to self‐harming protesters
Authors: GREENWOOD‐REEVES JAMES , ELLWOOD RORY 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTraditional liberal democratic theories of protest can readily account for protest violence against others or their property, and are quick to denounce and criminalize such actions. However, protests that involve self‐harm are harder to frame; they neither engage the harm principle, nor threaten a sovereign state of ostensible peace. Under liberal legalism, capacitous and consenting protesters should not have their rights of expression interfered with in such cases. However, in England and Wales, legal responses to self‐harming violence nevertheless emerge, not necessarily within a public order framework, but through a risk‐averse, medicalized lens. Co‐authored by a legal academic and a practising psychiatrist, this article argues that mental health practitioners, the police, and the courts engage in a ‘paternalistic pivot’ in self‐harming protest cases, which undermines human rights protections that are ordinarily afforded to protesters who are not causing a threat to others or their property.
Exploring subcortical pathology and processing speed in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder with myelin water imaging
Authors: Tsai Chia‐Chen , Combes Anna , McMullen Katrina , Kolind Shannon H. , Traboulsee Anthony L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposeNeuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) affects the optic nerves and spinal cord but can also cause focal brain inflammation. Subcortical pathology may contribute to the etiology of cognitive deficits in NMOSD. Using myelin water imaging, we investigated cerebral normal‐appearing white matter (NAWM) and thalamic metrics and their association with cognition in NMOSD participants compared to healthy controls (HC).MethodsSeventeen NMOSD participants and 21 HC were scanned on a 3.0‐Tesla MRI scanner using a multicomponent driven‐equilibrium single‐pulse observation of T1 and T2 protocol. Tissue compartment and thalamic volumes (normalized to intracranial volume), T1 relaxation time, and myelin water fraction (MWF) were reported. Eleven NMOSD participants underwent the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) for cognitive evaluation. Group comparisons were performed using Student's t‐test. The association between thalamic metrics and SDMT score was assessed using multiple regression analysis with age as a covariate.ResultsCompared to HC, NMOSD participants had reduced white matter volume (−14.2%, p < .0001), increased T1 relaxation time (+2.29%, p = .022), and lower MWF (−3.64%, p = .024) in NAWM. NMOSD group had a trend for smaller thalamic volumes than HC (−5.52%, p = .082) and no differences in thalamic MWF (p = .258) or T1 (p = .714). Thalamic T1 predicted SDMT score (adjusted R2 = .51, p = .04) when controlling for age.ConclusionsNAWM in NMOSD demonstrates diffuse abnormalities with increased water content and demyelination, suggesting a diffuse disease process overlooked by focal inflammation measures. Increased water content, as a biomarker for diffuse thalamic pathology, may partially explain cognitive impairment in NMOSD.
Serum electrolyte abnormalities in cats with chronic inflammatory enteropathy
Authors: Baker Iona , Heilmann Romy , Knoll Ramona , Schneider Berenice , Bandara Yuvani , Priestnall Simon , Kathrani Aarti 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundLimited information is available on electrolyte abnormalities in cats with chronic inflammatory enteropathy (CIE).Hypothesis/ObjectivesReport the prevalence of electrolyte abnormalities in cats with CIE compared to other gastrointestinal disorders, and determine their association with disease and outcome variables in cats with CIE.AnimalsThree hundred twenty‐eight client‐owned cats from 2 referral hospitals: CIE (132), alimentary small cell lymphoma (29), acute gastroenteritis (48), and healthy controls (119).MethodsRetrospective study comparing serum electrolyte concentrations at time of diagnosis among the 4 groups of cats, and associations with clinical signs, intestinal mucosal fibrosis scores, treatment subclassification and outcome in CIE.ResultsCats with CIE had lower sodium and higher potassium concentrations and lower sodium: potassium ratios compared with healthy cats (P < .001, P = .01, and P < .001, respectively). Cats with CIE and a duodenal mucosal fibrosis score of 2 had lower sodium and lower total calcium concentrations compared with cats that had a score of 0 (P = .02 and P = .01). Cats with CIE and a colonic mucosal fibrosis score of 1 had higher potassium concentrations and lower sodium: potassium ratios compared with cats that had a score of 0 (P = .03 and P = .01). Cats with CIE that died as a result of their disease had higher potassium concentrations and lower sodium: potassium ratios compared to cats that were alive (P = .02 and P = .01).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceElectrolyte abnormalities occur with CIE and, in particular, in cats with higher fibrosis scores and worse outcomes. Further research should aim to determine the pathogenesis of these findings and identify novel therapeutic targets for cats with CIE.
The impact of early childhood education and care‐based interventions on child physical activity, anthropometrics, fundamental movement skills, cognitive functioning, and social–emotional wellbeing: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Grady Alice , Lorch Rebecca , Giles Luke , Lamont Hannah , Anderson Amy , Pearson Nicole , Romiti Maria , Lum Melanie , Stuart Ashleigh , Leigh Lucy , Yoong Sze Lin 
Published: November 2024

SummaryThis review assessed the effectiveness of ECEC‐based interventions to improve child physical activity, and intervention impact on child weight‐based anthropometrics, fundamental movement skills (FMS), cognitive functioning, and social–emotional wellbeing. Adverse effects and costs were assessed. Finch et al's 2014 systematic review was updated. Electronic databases were searched 10 September 2014 to 27 October 2022. Included studies were randomized controlled trials of ECEC interventions targeting physical activity among children aged 0–6 years. The methodological quality of studies was assessed using Cochrane's Risk of Bias tool v2. Standardized mean differences (SMD) were calculated for each outcome with meta‐analysis undertaken; otherwise, findings were described narratively. Fifty‐three studies were included. ECEC‐based interventions were found to significantly improve child physical activity (SMD 0.193, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.09 to 0.3; p < 0.001) and FMS (SMD 0.544, 95% CI 0.1 to 0.98; p = 0.015), compared to control. Small positive, but non‐significant, effects were found for weight‐based anthropometrics, cognitive functioning, and social–emotional wellbeing. Few studies reported adverse effects (n = 10), and no studies reported formal economic analyses. While ECEC‐based interventions can significantly improve child physical activity and FMS, further evidence of their impact on cognitive functioning, social–emotional wellbeing, and the cost‐effectiveness of such interventions is required to inform policy and practice.
Preoperative Consultations and Their Effect on Surgical Delays and Mortality in Hip Fracture Surgery
Authors: Şimşek Ekin Kaya , Kafa Barış , Haberal Bahtiyar 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe impact of preoperative consultations on mortality and morbidity rates, and their association with delays and hospital stays for surgery, remains a topic of discussion. This study aims to elucidate the necessity of consultations for those undergoing femoral neck fracture surgery, examining their influence on delays, hospital durations, and their correlation with mortality rates.MethodsThe study examined data from 320 emergency department patients with femoral neck fractures undergoing hip arthroplasty surgery at our hospital between 2011 and 2021, using digital medical records. Patients were consulted in relevant departments for risk optimization. They were categorized into two groups based on the time of surgery: Group 1 (operated within 48 h) and Group 2 (delayed surgery). The analysis included days from admission to surgery, total hospital stay, and time from surgery to discharge. Mortality rates, with a minimum 2‐year follow‐up, were assessed using digital records, patient contact, or a death notification system. Statistical analyses involved Mann–Whitney U, Kruskal–Wallis, post hoc analysis, Pearson's chi‐squared, and Fisher–Freeman–Halton tests (α = 0.05). SPSS v25.0 software was used.ResultsPatients with consultation requests experience significantly delayed surgery compared to those without (p < 0.001). Statistically significant differences were observed between consulted and nonconsulted groups in time until surgery (p < 0.001), time from surgery to discharge (p < 0.001), and overall length of hospital stay (p < 0.001). However, there is no statistically significant difference in 30‐day and 1‐year mortality between consulted and nonconsulted patients, both departmentally and overall.ConclusionThis study found that advanced age and high ASA scores were the main factors causing surgical delays in hip fracture patients. While modifiable comorbidities could reduce hospital stays, they did not significantly affect postoperative mortality. Streamlining elective consultations and reducing organizational delays could help prevent delayed surgeries and improve outcomes.
Decoupling of Tree‐Ring Cellulose δ18O and δ2H Highlighted by Their Contrasting Relationships to Climate and Tree Intrinsic Variables
Authors: Charlet de Sauvage Justine , Saurer Matthias , Treydte Kerstin , Lévesque Mathieu 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTOxygen (δ18O) and hydrogen (δ2H) stable isotope ratios are tightly coupled in precipitation and, albeit damped, in leaf water, but are often decoupled in tree‐ring cellulose. The environmental and physiological conditions in which this decoupling occurs are not yet well understood. We investigated the relationships between δ18O and δ2H and tree‐ring width (TRW), tree crown volume, tree age and climate in silver fir and Douglas‐fir and found substantial differences between δ18O and δ2H. Overall, δ18O–δ2H correlations were weak to absent but became significantly negative under high summer vapour pressure deficit (VPD). δ18O and δ2H had positive and negative nonlinear relationships with TRW, respectively, with clear relationships at the site and tree levels for silver fir and, to a lesser extent, for Douglas‐fir. Age trends for silver fir were weakly negative in δ18O but positive in δ2H. Tree crown volume and δ18O or δ2H had no significant relationships. Most strikingly, δ18O strongly depended on spring climate (precipitation and VPD), whereas δ2H depended on summer climate (temperature and VPD) for both species. Our study shows that the δ18O–δ2H decoupling in tree‐ring cellulose in two temperate conifer species could be highlighted by their contrasting relationships to climate and tree intrinsic variables (TRW, age).
Deletion of ACC Deaminase in Symbionts Converts the Host Plant From Water Waster to Water Saver
Authors: Hecht Katharina , Kowalchuk George A. , Ford Denison R. , Kahmen Ansgar , Xiong Wu , Jousset Alexandre , Ravanbakhsh Mohammadhossein 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIncreasing drought events coupled with dwindling water reserves threaten global food production and security. This issue is exacerbated by the use of crops that overconsume water, undermining yield. We show here that microorganisms naturally associated with plant roots can undermine efficient water use, whereas modified bacteria can enhance it. We demonstrate that microbe‐encoded genes shape drought tolerance, likely by modulating plant hormonal balance. Specifically, we built a minimal holobiont out of Arabidopsis thaliana and either the bacterium Pseudomonas putida UW4 or its isogenic AcdS− mutant, lacking the enzyme ACC deaminase. This enzyme breaks down the precursor of ethylene, a key regulator in plant response to drought. This single mutation profoundly affected plant physiology and shifted the plant from a ‘water‐spender’ (with more growth under well‐watered conditions) to a ‘water‐spender’ phenotype. Under drought, plants associated with wild‐type bacteria consumed soil water faster, leading to a shorter period of growth followed by death. In contrast, plants associated with the AcdS− mutant managed to maintain growth by reducing water consumption via stomatal closure, thus conserving soil water. This allowed plants to survive severe water deficiency. We conclude that plant‐associated bacteria can modulate plant water use strategies, opening possibilities to engineer water‐savvy crop‐production systems.