bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Immunological, Skeletal, and Thyroid Function Abnormalities in Paediatric Morphoea
Authors: Mendiratta Vibhu , Yadav Anuja , Meena Amit K. , Samudrala Suvarna , Singh Ritu , Parmar Vishal 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
Morphoea is a sclerosing disorder of skin and subcutaneous tissue. Paediatric morphoea shows increased prevalence of various auto-immune diseases, bone deformities, and systemic abnormalities. There is paucity of studies on various immunological, skeletal, and thyroid function abnormalities in paediatric morphoea.

Aims and Objectives:
To describe immunological, skeletal, and thyroid function abnormalities present in paediatric morphoea patients.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2021 to March 2023 in the Dermatology outpatient department in a tertiary care hospital. All paediatric morphoea patients were included in this study. All were subjected to detailed history, clinical examination, and investigations including complete blood count, serum IgE, anti-nuclear antibody, thyroid function tests, anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies, and radiological investigations.

Results:
A total of 42 children were recruited, out of which 61.90% were females and 38.09% were males. The majority were in the age group of 4–8 years. The most common type of morphoea was encoup de sabre. Anaemia was present in 14.28% patients. Serum IgE levels were raised in 33.33% patients. Thyroid stimulating hormone was raised in 11.9% patients. 33.33% had raised anti-thyroid peroxidase levels. Anti-nuclear antibody titres and rheumatoid factor were raised in 7.14% and 4.76% patients, respectively. Magnetic resonance imaging brain revealed abnormalities in three patients as hyper-intensities in subcortical white matter.

Conclusion:
Morphoea in children can be associated with varied immunological, osteoarticular, and neurological abnormalities. This study highlights the multi-system involvement in morphoea and the need for larger data and well-designed therapeutic trials for generating evidence-based treatment of this potentially disfiguring disease.
Radiation Safety Assessment of 177Lu-DOTATATE Intra-arterial Peptide Receptor Therapy (PRRT)
Authors: Chauhan Manoj Kumar Hariram , Jha Ashish Kumar , Mithun Sneha , Parab Rutuja Dasharath , Dwivedi Pooja , Puranik Ameya D , Gala Kunal Bharat , Shetye Nitin Sudhakar , Kulkarni Suyash , Rangarajan Venkatesh 
Published: November 2024

Objective:

177Lu-DOTATATE peptide receptor therapy (PRRT) is an established treatment for patients suffering from neuroendocrine tumors. In the last few years, intra-arterial PRRT is being considered for patients having liver metastatic disease predominantly. The aim of our study is to measure the radiation doses received by the treating intervention radiologists involved in intra-arterial PRRT treatment using 177Lu-DOTATATE.

Materials and Methods:
Radiation safety-related data of 31 patients who underwent 177Lu-DOTATATE intra-arterial PRRT treatment were used for this study. The exposure rate was measured at the hand and eye and chest level of treating intervention radiologists continuously from the beginning to the end of the administration. Exposure from the patient at the body surface (at the level of liver, thigh, and extremities) and 1 m from the body surface was measured just after the administration. The mean radiation exposure from the patient at the body surface and 1 m from the body was also calculated.

Results:
The mean administered activity was found to be 194 (±17) mCi. The mean radiation exposure at the surface at the level of the liver, thigh, and feet and at 1 m from the surface was found to be 100 (±25.11), 9 (±1.27), 5.6 (±0.52), and 5.3± (0.50) μSv/hr, respectively. The mean administration time was found to be 23 ± 5.6 min. The mean radiation dose to the hands, and eyes, of the treating intervention radiologist per procedure, was found to be 6.425 ± 2.75 μSv, 5.43 ± 1.76 μSv and 1-m exposure from the patient was found to be 5.3 ± 0.246 μSv, respectively.

Conclusion:
Our result shows that the radiation exposure from the patient postadministration is below the permissible limit of discharge. The radiation exposure to the intervention radiologist is also suggestive of a safe procedure to be performed by maintaining the radiation dose well within the permissible limit for radiation professionals.
Complete Stage 3 Melanoma Regression with Combination Encorafenib and Binimetinib Treatment – A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Ramli Ruzaimi R. , Masalkhi Mouayad , O’Duffy Fergal , Crown John , Moran Tom 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
The global incidence of melanoma is increasing at an annual growth rate of 5%. There are significant survival rate disparities, with paediatric patients having a 17% 5-year survival rate, compared to a 5% 10-year survival rate among the adult population. In Ireland, melanoma is the fourth most prevalent cancer, with 1100-1200 new cases annually. Globally, it is the sixth most frequently occurring cancer, accounting for 4% of new cancer diagnoses and 1.3% of cancer deaths in the EU-27 in 2020. Management of head-and-neck melanoma is complex and requires a multidisciplinary approach. The primary treatment is surgical excision with safety margins of 1-2 cm, and sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is recommended for staging. Adjuvant therapies include anti-PD-1 treatments and BRAF/MEK inhibitors. In this paper, we highlight the case of a 44-year-old female with stage 3 melanoma which demonstrates the potential of neoadjuvant immunotherapy with encorafenib and binimetinib. This treatment resulted in significant tumor regression, and allowed for subsequent surgical excision while preserving facial nerve function. Furthermore, postoperative outcomes showed complete regression of melanoma. This case highlights the efficacy of neoadjuvant immunotherapy in achieving significant tumor reduction, facilitating less invasive surgery, and preserving critical anatomical structures.
Advances in Molecular Diagnostics for Oral and Oropharyngeal Cancers: Current Practices and Future Directions
Authors: Shivakumar Sahana , Shivakumar Ganiga Channaiah 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Oral and oropharyngeal cancers (OOCs) represent significant global health challenges due to their high morbidity and mortality rates. Early detection and precise diagnosis are crucial for improving patient outcomes. This review explores the latest advances in molecular diagnostics for OOC, focusing on current practices and future directions. Recent developments in molecular techniques, including next-generation sequencing, liquid biopsy, and biomarker discovery, have revolutionized the diagnostic landscape. We discuss the clinical applications of these technologies in identifying genetic mutations, detecting circulating tumor DNA, and assessing tumor heterogeneity. In addition, the review highlights the potential of emerging diagnostic tools such as artificial intelligence and machine learning in enhancing the accuracy and speed of OOC detection. Future perspectives emphasize the integration of multiomics approaches and the need for standardized protocols to facilitate the translation of molecular diagnostics into routine clinical practice. This comprehensive review provides insights into the evolving field of molecular diagnostics, aiming to guide researchers and clinicians in the quest for improved diagnostic strategies for OOCs.
Intraocular pressure variation associated with the wear of large corneal rigid gas permeable lenses
Authors: Roopa U. , Vadath Mathews G. , Nair Visakh G. , Chacko Anu , Prabhu Avinash V. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

PURPOSE:
Speciality contact lenses are utilized for both ocular surface disorders and refractive error corrections. Common and widely used among them are large corneal rigid gas permeable lenses such as corneo-scleral and mini-scleral lenses. These lenses are designed to rest on the conjunctival tissue overlying the sclera to create a vault over the entire cornea and limbus. The lenses fit in and settle into conjunctival tissue, compressing the collector channels and episcleral veins, directly affecting the aqueous outflow. Consequently, an increase in intraocular pressure (IOP) is anticipated. This study aims to determine the effect of large corneal lens wear over IOP. This included evaluation of IOP variations, corneal thickness variations, and topographic changes before and after large corneal rigid gas permeable lens wear.

METHODS:
An interventional study was performed on 30 subjects who had attended the outpatient department of the institute and undergone ophthalmic and medical examinations along with contact lens fitting tests. IOP, corneal thickness, and corneal curvature measurements were captured before and immediately following 6 h of lens wear.

RESULTS:
The average value of intra-ocular pressure before wearing lenses was 11.77 ± 1.77 mmHg and after wearing corneoscleral lenses was 12.17 ± 1.96 mmHg and mini-scleral lens was 12.03 ± 1.92 mmHg. Average values of central corneal thickness (CCT) before wearing lenses were 531.07 ± 20.58 μm and after wearing were 537.33 ± 20.68 μm for corneo-scleral lens and 540.60 ± 20.30 μm for mini-scleral lens.

CONCLUSION:
There was substantial increase in intra-ocular pressure and CCT after wearing both corneo-scleral lens and mini-scleral lens for 6 h. There were no significant changes seen in corneal curvature after wearing both lenses.
Tilings of the hyperbolic space and Lipschitz functions
Authors: Bargetz Christian , Luggin Franz , Russo Tommaso 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We use a special tiling for the hyperbolic d-space

$\mathbb {H}^d$

for

$d=2,3,4$

to construct an (almost) explicit isomorphism between the Lipschitz-free space

$\mathcal {F}(\mathbb {H}^d)$

and

$\mathcal {F}(P)\oplus \mathcal {F}(\mathcal {N})$

, where P is a polytope in

$\mathbb {R}^d$

and

$\mathcal {N}$

a net in

$\mathbb {H}^d$

coming from the tiling. This implies that the spaces

$\mathcal {F}(\mathbb {H}^d)$

and

$\mathcal {F}(\mathbb {R}^d)\oplus \mathcal {F}(\mathcal {M})$

are isomorphic for every net

$\mathcal {M}$

in

$\mathbb {H}^d$

. In particular, we obtain that, for

$d=2,3,4$

,

$\mathcal {F}(\mathbb {H}^d)$

has a Schauder basis. Moreover, using a similar method, we also give an explicit isomorphism between

$\mathrm {Lip}(\mathbb {H}^d)$

and

$\mathrm {Lip}(\mathbb {R}^d)$

.
Sewers in Civilization. The Struggle for the Sanitary Condition of the Human Environment
Authors: Ivanyushin Yuriy A. , Obuhova Marina V. , Mironov Victor V. 
Published: November 2024

This paper is dedicated to the issues of human activity on sanitary ‘frontier’ from antiquity to present. The structure of the article is determined by the initially put forward hypothesis about the unconditional relationship between the stages of civilizational development and technical level of sewers of ‘frontier’ states: centers of science, technology, and culture. We used systemic approach: development of sewerage systems was analyzed chronologically; the importance of environmental engineering “city-river” systems were noted; and the stages of formation of sewers in the largest centers at industrial era, as well as the need for their modernization in connection with deterioration of environmental situation and corresponding demand of society were considered separately. Although contemporary sewer systems are one of the most amazing inventions of mankind, the contradictions inherent to these systems have not yet been resolved on a global scale. The authors conclude that many of the problems that faced the largest cities in developed countries in the past are now facing the capitals and agglomerations of developing countries. Echoes of the medieval unsanitary conditions can be found everywhere in today’s settlements, and sewer systems of the world’s largest industrial centers often correspond to Victorian London in the level of development and perfection. There is an increasing need for a fundamentally new approach to organizing engineering systems while maintaining and, in some cases, increasing the level of hygiene and sanitation. Digital technologies will become increasingly important.
The paper is intended for the readers interested in development of certain areas of management, – in this case it is the sphere of sewerage, – and their impact on the human habitat.
Trade on the Frontier: Entrepreneurial Techniques and Practices in the Russian Far East in the Second Half of the 19th – Early 20th Centuries
Authors: Poznyak Tatiana Z. 
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to the specifics of the forms and methods of trade on the Far Eastern frontier in the second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries. At the initial stage of colonization of the region, trade was distinguished by a number of features characteristic of frontier zones: the predominance of import trade, distribution trade carried out along the rivers from barges, fairs and mixed stationary trade. One of the main features of trade on the Far Eastern frontier was significant foreign influence. The competitive advantages of entrepreneurs from the USA and European countries were formed at the first stage of colonization from the delivery of goods by sea, the presence of established connections with suppliers of goods in the homeland, the possibility of obtaining a loan or the availability of working capital, the attraction of qualified compatriot employees, high quality of service and a comfortable environment in stores, and at the beginning of the 20th century – due to the export of technical innovations, further improvement of the quality of service, and the introduction of new standards of retail premises. We can speak of the perception of some of these practices by Russian merchants and positive changes in the organization of their trade business only in relation to the end of the 19th – beginning of the 20th century. It is difficult to judge, given the lack of memoirs of regional entrepreneurs, whether this occurred under the influence of European entrepreneurs or it was a consequence of business development and the increased level of education of local merchants.
The main reasons for the success of the Chinese traders were solidarity, the ability to please the customer, mutual lending, minimizing expenses on advertising, insurance, furnishings of retail premises, heating, lighting and wages of employees, as well as the use of illegal and legal, but morally dubious methods of enrichment - the sale of low-quality or spoiled goods, non-payment of taxes, smuggling, fraud. Russian and European entrepreneurs estimated the methods and practices of Chinese entrepreneurs negatively, and perceived them as dangerous competitors. The Asian influence on Russian entrepreneurial culture was complicated not only by the existence of a religious and cultural boundary between the Chinese and Russians, but also by the European idea of civilizational superiority and the civilizing mission of Europe, which was accepted by the educated society of the Russian Empire and formed the basis for the attitude not only towards aborigine, but also towards Chinese migrants.
Регионализация и ее влияние на изменения в экспорте и импорте текстиля и одежды
Authors: И.Б. Долженко 
Published: November 2024

Актуальность статьи определяется возросшим значением регионализации международной торговли текстилем и одеждой. Выявлено, что регионализация в последнее десятилетие все активнее влияет на динамику и направления торговых потоков текстиля и одежды. Выявлено, что регионализация торговли текстилем и одеждой в Юго-Восточной Азии во многом связана с наращиванием экспорта одежды, а также с бурным ростом потребления в этом регионе. Регионализация торговли текстилем в Азии происходит на фоне сохранения позиции Китая как ведущего экспортера текстиля. Установлено, что значительный эффект регионализации торговли текстилем и одеждой отмечается в Европе и Северной Америке. Выявлено, что регионализация торговли текстилем и одежда слабо проявляется в Латинской Америке и Африке. Регионализация способствует развитию экспорта текстиля и одежды из многих стран для нужд потребителей из макрорегионов. Применительно к России усиление регионализации в торговле текстилем и одеждой выражается в усилении торговых отношений и взаимодействия с партнерами по ЕврАзЭС и СНГ.
The relevance of the article is determined by the increased importance of regionalization of international trade in textiles and clothing. It was revealed that regionalization in the last decade has been increasingly influencing the dynamics and directions of trade flows of textiles and clothing. It was revealed that the regionalization of trade in textiles and clothing in Southeast Asia is largely associated with the increase in clothing exports, as well as with the rapid growth of consumption in this region. Regionalization of textile trade in Asia occurs against the background of China maintaining its position as the leading exporter of textiles. It was found that a significant effect of regionalization of trade in textiles and clothing is noted in Europe and North America. It was revealed that regionalization of trade in textiles and clothing is weakly manifested in Latin America and Africa. Regionalization promotes the development of textile and clothing exports from many countries for the needs of consumers from macroregions. In relation to Russia, the strengthening of regionalization in textile and clothing trade is expressed in the strengthening of trade relations and interaction with partners in the Eurasian Economic Community and the CIS.
Современная роль регионов Арктической зоны Российской Федерации в национальной экономике
Authors: Н.С. Доронин 
Published: November 2024

В работе рассматриваются прикладные вопросы развития субъектов, входящих в Арктическую зону Российской Федерации, и их вклад в общий результат национальной экономики. Достижение целей стратегии развития Арктической зоны Российской Федерации до 2035 года также связано со стратегическими задачами по укреплению отечественной экономики в ситуации санкционного и геополитического давления. Арктика становится безусловным козырем современной России и в то же время серьезной уязвимостью. Недоразвитость, вызванная недостижением стратегических целей, чревата потерей стратегических преимуществ и социально-экономической дестабилизацией региональных экономических систем.
The paper examines the applied issues of the development of the Russian regions that are part of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, and their contribution to the overall result of the national economy. Achieving the goals of the strategy for the development of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation until 2035 is also associated with the strategic tasks of strengthening the domestic economy in a situation of sanctions and geopolitical pressure. The Arctic is becoming an undisputed trump card for modern Russia, and, at the same time, a serious vulnerability. Underdevelopment caused by the failure to achieve strategic goals in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation is fraught with the loss of strategic advantages and socio-economic destabilization of regional economic systems.
Сохранение объектов культурного наследия Российской Федерации: проблемы и решения
Authors: К.Г. Асриянц , З.Л. Бакарова 
Published: November 2024

В статье рассматриваются положения Федерального закона «Об объектах культурного наследия (памятниках истории и культуры) народов Российской Федерации», касающиеся регламентирования действий собственников или иных законных владельцев объектов культурного наследия при использовании и ремонте таких объектов. Проведен анализ существующих правовых норм, целью которого является нахождение компромисса между публичными и частными интересами. Обсуждаются возможные изменения в действующем законодательстве по охране объектов культурного наследия и пути привлечения инвестиций в процесс его сохранения.
This article discusses the provisions of the Federal Law “On objects of cultural heritage (historical and cultural monuments) of the peoples of the Russian Federation” concerning the regulation of the actions of owners or other legal possessors of cultural heritage objects when using and repairing such objects an analysis of existing legal norms was also carried out, the purpose of which is to find a compromise between public and private interests. Possible changes in the current legislation on the protection of cultural heritage sites and ways to attract investment in the process of its preservation are discussed.
Моделирование эффективности использования сельскохозяйственной техники
Authors: П.А. Шпак , Н.А. Ковалева , А.О. Кириченко 
Published: November 2024

В статье рассматривается актуальная система оценки эффективности использования сельскохозяйственной техники за счет имитационных и экономических моделей. В процессе исследования отмечается необходимость обновления таких методов и привлечения нейронных сетей в данный процесс. Также отмечается, что снижение эффективности использования агрообрабатывающей техники связано с общими проблемами отрасли.
The article considers an up-to-date system for evaluating the effectiveness of the use of agricultural machinery through simulation and economic models. In the course of the research, the need to update such methods and involve neural networks in this process is noted. It is also noted that the decrease in the efficiency of the use of Agro-processing equipment is associated with the general problems of the industry.