bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La productividad total de los factores en la agricultura española: el caso del sur de Navarra, 1780-1900
Authors: Lana-Berasain José-Miguel 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe aim of this article is to measure the advance of agricultural productivity in South Navarra between 1780 and 1900. The construction of several indices of agricultural commodities and factor prices allows us to apply the methodology of Total Factor Productivity (TFP). As distinguished from the thesis of stagnation, our estimate of the annual rate of TFP growth in the long run is close to 0.42 %. This rate was particularly high between 1817 and 1850, in a context of deflation and institutional change. During the second half of the century the cyclical evolution of the curve reveals the obstacles derived from the capital resources supply, especially fertilizers and animal traction.
Crosstalk Effect and Its Mitigation in Aqua MODIS Middle‐Wave Infrared Bands
Authors: Sun Junqiang , Guenther Bruce , Wang Menghua 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe MODerate‐resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) has 36 bands, among which 6, bands 20–25, are middle‐wave infrared (MWIR) bands, covering a wavelength range from approximately 3.750 to 4.515 μm. Significant crosstalk effect in Aqua MODIS MWIR bands was found prelaunch and confirmed on‐orbit early in the mission. In this paper, the crosstalk effect in these bands is carefully investigated and quantitatively characterized using the instrument's scheduled lunar observations. The crosstalk correction algorithm that we have developed in our previous work is applied to all levels including black body calibration and L1B EV retrievals to mitigate the crosstalk effect in the bands. We show significant crosstalk contaminations among all MWIR bands and also show that these bands have significant crosstalk contaminations from the shortwave infrared bands. We demonstrate that the crosstalk effect has significant impact on onboard black body calibration as well as on EV retrievals. For L1B EV retrievals, these crosstalk effects induce significant radiometric bias as well as strong striping. The radiometric bias is larger than 1.8 K for all detectors of the 4.47‐μm band (band 24) for typical scene. Aqua MODIS band 24 detector 1 is most strongly impacted by crosstalk and has a bias that may be as large as 10 K. The crosstalk correction successfully mitigates the striping in the EV images and improves the accuracy of the EV retrievals in the MWIR bands.
Derivation of Hemispheric Ionospheric Current Functions From Ground‐Level Magnetic Fields
Authors: Weimer D. R. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe horizontal currents in the high‐latitude ionosphere are the primary driver of the magnetic field perturbations that are observed at the surface of the Earth. These currents and their ground effects are an important aspect of the magnetosphere‐ionosphere coupling process. This paper discusses the method of inversion that uses spherical harmonic potential function, in which magnetic field measurements on the ground can be used to derive maps of the “ionospheric equivalent currents,” a mathematical representation of the horizontal currents flowing on a thin shell. It is shown that the use of both internal telluric and external current sources is required when fitting the spherical harmonic series; otherwise, the ionospheric currents will be overestimated. Furthermore, the inversion needs to compensate for magnetic effects of the magnetospheric ring current; otherwise, this current is projected onto the ionosphere. The amplification of the surface horizontal magnetic field and the suppression of the vertical magnetic field are demonstrated. The equivalent currents may be useful for estimating the ionospheric conductivity values. Additionally, these currents can be compared with the results from simulation models as a means of validation.
Impact of Drying and Effective Stresses on the Pore Space and Microstructure of Mudrocks
Authors: Deirieh Amer , Chang Irene Y. , Casey Brendan , Joester Derk , Germaine John T. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe evolution of the pore space of mudrocks induced by drying shrinkage and effective stresses is of importance to several areas of research. Drying is a prerequisite for most mudrock characterization methods, while effective stresses have a direct impact on mudrocks properties such as permeability, compressibility, and strength. Mercury porosimetry intrusion has been widely utilized to show that drying shrinkage and effective stresses lead to the collapse of large pores only (~ > 50 nm), while small pores (~ < 50 nm) remain unaffected. However, the validity of mercury porosimetry intrusion‐derived pore size distributions is greatly doubted in the literature due to the fact that most pores in mudrocks are not directly accessible to the surrounding mercury. This study follows a different approach by utilizing a suite of methods including imaging by transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy at cryogenic temperature after high‐pressure freezing (cryoSEM), and gravimetric porosity measurements to investigate the influence of volumetric changes on the pore space of mudrocks. Contrary to previously published results, we show that volumetric changes induced by drying and effective stresses lead to the collapse of pores of all sizes. Furthermore, we show that porosity measured from SEM images is dependent on SEM resolution and reveals only a fraction of the actual porosity. These results provide valuable insights used to interpret the results of characterization methods requiring drying and modeling of effective stress influence on the properties of mudrocks.
Mixed‐Mode Strain Localization Generated by Hydration Reaction at Crustal Conditions
Authors: Zheng Xiaojiao , Cordonnier Benoît , McBeck Jessica , Boller Elodie , Jamtveit Bjørn , Zhu Wenlu , Renard François 
Published: April 2019

AbstractHydration reactions influence rock density and rheology. For example, volume increases produced in hydration reactions may generate sufficient tensile and shear stress to fracture both the rock undergoing the reaction and the surrounding host rock. We performed in situ dynamic X‐ray synchrotron microtomography experiments to investigate reaction‐induced fracturing. Two experiments on hydration of periclase were performed at 180 or 190 °C, under a confinement of 10 or 80 MPa, a pore fluid pressure of 5 or 75 MPa, and with or without differential stress. The sample assembly consists of a periclase cylinder inserted into a central hole within a serpentinite cylinder. The reaction from periclase to brucite results in a large volume increase (110%), pushing the periclase/brucite against the serpentinite and ultimately breaking it. Using time‐resolved three‐dimensional imaging, we quantify the spatial and temporal distribution of the reaction‐induced fractures. We perform digital volume correlation analysis to obtain the incremental strain tensors throughout the hydration and fracturing process. We use numerical models to assess the distribution of stress within the serpentinite. The digital volume correlation results show mixed‐mode strain localization. The von Mises strain, indicative of shear, increases by a larger percentage than the contractive or dilatative strain components as the reaction‐induced fractures grow. The distribution of von Mises strain follows a power law relationship in the cumulative frequency‐magnitude domain, indicative of long‐range elastic stress interactions during fracturing. This experimental finding sheds insights on the mechanisms of microseismicity measured in areas undergoing active serpentinization.
Direct Measurement of Low‐Energy Electron Foreshock Beams
Authors: Soucek Jan , Píša David , Santolík Ondrej 
Published: April 2019

AbstractElectrostatic plasma waves above and below the local electron plasma frequency represent a characteristic feature of the foreshock region. These waves are known to be generated by electron beams originating from the bow shock and their spectrum varies from narrowband intense waves close to foreshock edge to weaker broadband emissions further downstream. We present a statistical analysis of electron beams observed in the terrestrial foreshock by the Cluster spacecraft. We compared the energy of foreshock electron beams with the spectrum of electrostatic waves and established a clear correspondence between beam energy and spectrum of the waves. The broadband emissions are correlated with low‐energy beams, while high‐energy electron beams are associated with narrowband Langmuir waves. Next we solved the linear dispersion relation for a subset of observed electron plasma distributions. We discovered that while the observed electron distributions often exhibit a “bump on tail” feature necessary for an instability, the observed combination of beam energy, density, and temperature typically corresponds to a stable situation. This indicates that strongly unstable electron beams are quickly dissipated by the quasi‐linear processes and only stable or marginally stable beams persist long enough to be observed by the instrument.
Three dimensional printing of metamaterial embedded geometrical optics (MEGO)
Authors: Sadeqi Aydin , Rezaei Nejad Hojatollah , Owyeung Rachel E. , Sonkusale Sameer 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThree-dimensional printers have revolutionized many scientific fields with its low-cost, accessibility and ease of printing. In this paper, we show how stereolithography (SLA) based 3D printers can enable realization of innovative 3D optical devices formed through the fusion of metamaterials with geometrical optics or MEGO. It utilizes a combination of desktop SLA 3D printer and metal deposition/coating systems. Using this approach, we present innovative metamaterial embedded optical components such as mushroom-type metamaterials, curved wide-angle metamaterial absorbers/reflectors and a frequency selective moth eye hemispherical absorber. Finally a unique MEGO device formed through the fusion of a frequency selective metamaterial with an optical parabolic reflector has been demonstrated that combines their individual properties in a single device. The fabricated MEGO devices operate in the millimeter wave frequency range. Simulation and measurement results using terahertz continuous-wave spectrometer validate their functionality and performance. With improving resolution in 3D printing, MEGO devices will be able to reach Terahertz and optical frequencies in the near future.
Lipid Mini-On: mining and ontology tool for enrichment analysis of lipidomic data
Authors: Clair Geremy , Reehl Sarah , Stratton Kelly G , Monroe Matthew E , Tfaily Malak M , Ansong Charles , Kyle Jennifer E 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Summary
Here we introduce Lipid Mini-On, an open-source tool that performs lipid enrichment analyses and visualizations of lipidomics data. Lipid Mini-On uses a text-mining process to bin individual lipid names into multiple lipid ontology groups based on the classification (e.g. LipidMaps) and other characteristics, such as chain length. Lipid Mini-On provides users with the capability to conduct enrichment analysis of the lipid ontology terms using a Shiny app with options of five statistical approaches. Lipid classes can be added to customize the user’s database and remain updated as new lipid classes are discovered. Visualization of results is available for all classification options (e.g. lipid subclass and individual fatty acid chains). Results are also visualized through an editable network of relationships between the individual lipids and their associated lipid ontology terms. The utility of the tool is demonstrated using biological (e.g. human lung endothelial cells) and environmental (e.g. peat soil) samples.

Availability and implementation
Rodin (R package: https://github.com/PNNL-Comp-Mass-Spec/Rodin), Lipid Mini-On Shiny app (https://github.com/PNNL-Comp-Mass-Spec/LipidMiniOn) and Lipid Mini-On online tool (https://omicstools.pnnl.gov/shiny/lipid-mini-on/).

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Place as a Social Determinant of Health: Narratives of Trauma and Homeland among Palestinian Women
Authors: Sousa Cindy A , Kemp Susan P , El-Zuhairi Mona 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Despite calls for greater social work attention to the centrality of place in human life, the profession has yet to hone frameworks that fully capture the role of place in individual–collective identity and well-being. To move this agenda forward, this article draws on data from a series of focus groups to explore the placed experiences of women in Palestine. Analytically, it is informed by critical place inquiry, which emphasises the deeply interactional relationships between people and places, views place-centred practice and research as catalysts for active responses to the spatialised nature of power and injustice, and focuses centrally on the geographic and spatial dynamics of colonisation, and particularly settler colonialism, as key determinants of individual and collective well-being. Women’s spatial narratives revolved around individual–collective identity and sovereignty, focusing in particular on three interdependent factors: freedom of movement; possession and dispossession; and continuity of place. Findings also illuminated spatial practices of resistance by which women defend and promote identity and sovereignty. We conclude with recommendations for more explicit, critically informed attention to place in social work practice, education and research.
Systematic Analysis of the Impact of Diagnostic Delay on Bowel Damage in Paediatric Versus Adult Onset Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Schoepfer Alain , Santos Jessica , Fournier Nicolas , Schibli Susanne , Spalinger Johannes , Vavricka Stephan , Safroneeva Ekaterina , Aslan Nurullah , Rogler Gerhard , Braegger Christian , Nydegger Andreas 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Background and Aims
Length of diagnostic delay is associated with bowel strictures and intestinal surgery in adult patients with Crohn’s disease [CD]. Here we assessed whether diagnostic delay similarly impacts on the natural history of paediatric CD patients.

Methods
Data from the Swiss IBD Cohort Study were analysed. Frequency of CD-related complications [bowel stenosis, perianal fistula, internal fistula, any fistula, resection surgery, fistula/abscess surgery, any complication] at diagnosis and in the long term [up to 30 years after CD diagnosis] was compared between paediatric patients [diagnosed <18 years] and adult patients [diagnosed ≥18 years] using multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression modelling.

Results
From 2006 to 2016, 387 paediatric and 1163 adult CD patients were included. Median [interquartile range: IQR] diagnostic delay was 3 [1–9] for the paediatric and 6 [1–24] months for the adult group, respectively. Adult onset CD patients presented at diagnosis more frequently with bowel stenosis [p <0.001] and bowel surgery [p <0.001] compared with paediatric CD patients. In the long term, length of diagnostic delay was significantly associated with bowel stenosis [p = 0.001], internal fistula [p = 0.038], and any complication [p = 0.024] in the adult onset CD population. No significant association between length of diagnostic delay and CD-related outcomes in the long term was observed in the paediatric population.

Conclusions
Adult CD patients have longer diagnostic delay compared with paediatric CD patients and present at diagnosis more often with bowel stenosis and surgery. Length of diagnostic delay was found to be predictive for CD-related complications only in the adult but not in the paediatric CD population.
Artificial intelligence in healthcare: a critical analysis of the legal and ethical implications
Authors: Schönberger Daniel 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) is perceived as the most transformative technology of the 21st century. Healthcare has been identified as an early candidate to be revolutionized by AI technologies. Various clinical and patient-facing applications have already reached healthcare practice with the potential to ease the pressure on healthcare staff, bring down costs and ultimately improve the lives of patients. However, various concerns have been raised as regards the unique properties and risks inherent to AI technologies. This article aims at providing an early stage contribution with a holistic view on the ‘decision-making’ capacities of AI technologies. The possible ethical and legal ramifications will be discussed against the backdrop of the existing frameworks. I will conclude that the present structures are largely fit to deal with the challenges AI technologies are posing. In some areas, sector-specific revisions of the law may be advisable, particularly concerning non-discrimination and product liability.
No Correlation Between Nasopharyngeal Human Bocavirus 1 Genome Load and mRNA Detection or Serology in Adeno-/Tonsillectomy Patients
Authors: Ivaska Lotta E , Christensen Andreas , Waris Matti , Puhakka Tuomo , Vuorinen Tytti , Allander Tobias , Söderlund-Venermo Maria , Jartti Tuomas 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1) can persist in nasopharynx and tonsils. Using HBoV1 serology, reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detecting messenger RNA (mRNA) and quantitative PCR for HBoV1 genome load count, we studied to what extent the HBoV1 DNA loads in nasopharynx correlate with acute infection markers. Tonsillar tissue, nasopharyngeal aspirate, and serum were obtained from 188 elective adeno-/tonsillectomy patients. Relatively high loads of HBoV1 DNA were detected in the nasopharynx of 14 (7%) primarily asymptomatic subjects with negative mRNA and/or serodiagnostic results. Quantitative HBoV1 DNA PCR may have lower specificity than HBoV1 mRNA detection for diagnosing symptomatic infection.
Toxicities and Residual Effect of Spinosad and Alpha-Cypermethrin-Based Baits to Replace Malathion for Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) Control
Authors: Baronio Cléber Antonio , Schutze Inana Xavier , Nunes Marcelo Zanelato , Bernardi Daniel , Machota Ruben , Bortoli Ligia Caroline , Arioli Cristiano João , Garcia Flávio Roberto Mello , Botton Marcos 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) is the main insect pest of fruits worldwide. The objective of this study was to evaluate the toxicity and residual effects of the ready-to-use toxic baits Success 0.02CB (0.24 g of active ingredient [a.i.] per liter of spinosad) and Gelsura (6 g of a.i./liter of alpha-cypermethrin) and to compare them with other food lures containing spinosad and malathion mixed with hydrolyzed protein (Biofruit 5% and Flyral 1.25%), Anamed without dilution or sugarcane molasses (7%) against adult C. capitata in laboratory and greenhouse trials. Ceratitis capitata adults were highly susceptible to all toxic bait formulations (mortality > 80%) until 96 h after exposure. The lowest LT50 (hours) of toxic baits were 2.32 (Gelsura at 4,000 mg/liter), 4.26 (Gelsura at 2,000 mg/liter), 4.28 (Anamed + malathion) and 4.89 (sugarcane molasses + malathion), while formulations containing spinosad (Biofruit, Flyral, Anamed and Success 0.02CB) showed LT50 of approximately 11 h. Without rain, Gelsura (2,000 mg/liter) and all spinosad formulations provided mortality superior to 80% 14 d after application. Gelsura and Anamed + spinosad showed higher resistance to a 5-mm simulated rain, similar to Anamed + malathion, while the other formulations had its efficacy decreased. All toxic baits were effective on adult C. capitata in residual experiments without rain while Anamed + spinosad caused high adult mortality after 5 to 25 mm rains. Gelsura and Anamed + spinosad can be used to replace toxic baits containing malathion for C. capitata population management.
The combination of histone deacetylase and p53 expressions and histological subtype has prognostic implication in uterine leiomyosarcoma
Authors: Baek Min-Hyun , Park Jeong-Yeol , Park Yangsoon , Kim Kyu-Rae , Kim Dae-Yeon , Suh Dae-Shik , Kim Jong-Hyeok , Kim Yong-Man , Kim Young-Tak , Nam Joo-Hyun 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the expression of different histone deacetylases and their association with disease characteristics and survival outcomes in uterine leiomyosarcoma patients.

Methods
The immunohistochemical expression of different histone deacetylases and p53 by tissue microarray and histological subtypes were assessed in tumor tissue samples of 42 eligible patients.

Results
Histone deacetylases 1–4, 6 and 8 showed prevalent and strong (3+) expression (88.1, 90.5, 95.2, 92.9, 83.3 and 100%, respectively). Histone deacetylases 5, 7 and 9 showed infrequent strong expression (33.3, 50 and 38.1%, respectively). There were trends of higher disease-free survival rates according to the combination of weaker expression of histone deacetylase 5, 7 or 9 with positive p53 expression or with non-epithelial subtype. The patients with triple-positive favorable prognostic factors (any of weaker histone deacetylase 5, 7 and 9 expression, p53 positive, and non-epithelioid subtype) had the better survival outcomes while the patients with other combinations had the worse survival outcomes. In multivariate analysis, histone deacetylase 5 in combination with epithelioid subtype was an independent predictor for disease-free survival.

Conclusions
Expression of histone deacetylase 5, 7 and 9 is a potential prognostic marker in uterine leiomyosarcoma when combined with pathologically relevant prognostic factors (p53 and histological subtype). This prevalent and strong histone deacetylase expression warrants further study in well-designed investigations of histone deacetylases as therapeutic targets in uterine leiomyosarcoma.
Linalool modulates dermatophyte susceptibility to azole drugs
Authors: Ponte Hellen Aparecida Silva , Lima Maria Islaine de Oliveira , Lima Edeltrudes de Oliveira , Pereira Fillipe de Oliveira 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This study investigated the monoterpene linalool and its resistance modulating activity involving ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors (ketoconazole, fluconazole, and itraconazole) in strains of Microsporum spp. and Trichophyton spp. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of test-drugs were determined by microdilution. The modulating effect of linalool was evaluated by determining the MIC of the antifungals in the presence of subinhibitory concentrations of linalool. We also investigated the association effect (checkerboard) of linalool together with ketoconazole and itraconazole. The fungi became more sensitive to ketoconazole and itraconazole in the presence of linalool. The linalool and azole drug associations presented synergism.