bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Fabric Structural Attributes on Their Aerodynamic Behavior
Authors: Bardal Lars Morten , Oggiano Luca , Troynikov Olga , Konopov Inna 
Published: November 2018

The aerodynamic properties of 15 knitted fabrics of varying cover factor, yarn, and fiber compositions were investigated for their aerodynamic properties on circular cylinders in a wind tunnel. Measurements of the drag force, pressure distribution, and the Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) technique were used in order to obtain a better understanding of the effects of yarn, fiber composition, cover factor, and elastic deformation on the flow field and drag coefficient. It was clearly demonstrated from the drag force measurements that the yarn construction and fiber composition have a substantial effect on the drag coefficient (CD), with fabrics composed of spun yarn experiencing no CD-drop as opposed to those composed of filament yarn, and being almost unaffected by the cover factor in the range of Reynolds numbers investigated. Hairiness of the spun yarn was found to minimise the drag-reducing effect of the boundary layer transition and increase the trans-critical drag. The hairy surface layer also appeared to retard the turbulent boundary layer as almost no pressure recovery was observed prior to separation on the cylinder model. The effect of elastic deformation was investigated by image analysis of scanned textile samples, and demonstrated that surface roughness might not be directly correlated to cover factor when the fabrics are stretched. Different elastic behavior of fabrics with different cover factors was also found to affect the structure of the knit surface and thus their aerodynamic behavior. The onset of drag crisis found in drag measurements confirmed the deviation from a sequence determined solely by cover factor.
Comparison of the Post-Impact Behavior of Tubular Braided and Filament Wound Glass/Polyester Composites under Compression
Authors: Beni Zahra Tadi , Johari Majid Safar , Ahmadi Mohammad Saleh 
Published: November 2018

In this study, different tubular braided and filament wound structures were produced using a Maypole braiding machine with glass fiber and then consolidated with unsaturated polyester resin using the Vacuum Infusion Process (VIP). For experimental tests, half of the samples were impacted in the center with 2.74 J impact energy. Then the compression test was conducted on all of the specimens. Graphs of force-elongation were obtained and the failure works of the specimens were calculated. It was observed that non-impacted filament wound tubular composites have 34% higher failure work than those of their braided counterparts with the same fiber volume fraction (FVF), which is due to the existence of more reinforcing layers in filament wound structure compared with braided composites. The braided composites with the same number of layers as filament-wound ones have higher FVF and higher wall thickness, hence, show higher compression properties. However, the drop of compression properties after the impact load is significantly higher in filament wound composites compared with the braided ones with the same FVF. Therefore it can be concluded that the interlacing structure of fibers in braided composites controls the delamination and restricts the propagation of cracks in the structures after being subjected to impact loads, and causes a less drop in the compression properties of the composites.
Anterior Shoulder Instability: A Systematic Review of the Quality and Quantity of the Current Literature for Surgical Treatment
Authors: Glazebrook Haley , Miller Blair , Wong Ivan 
Published: November 2018

Background: Anterior shoulder instability is the most common sequela of shoulder dislocation and can result in repeated dislocations or subluxation of the glenohumeral joint. Anterior shoulder instability can be treated conservatively or surgically with several procedures. Purpose: To date, arthroscopic Bankart is the most common surgical procedure for the treatment of anterior shoulder instability. No previous studies have compared all anterior shoulder surgical procedures. In this study, the authors performed a systematic review of journal articles describing all surgical procedures for anterior shoulder instability to determine the scientific evidence and level of recommendation. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Method: A comprehensive literature search was conducted (July 19, 2016) with 4 reputed databases: PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane databases, and Web of Science. The articles found in the literature search were screened by 2 reviewers on the basis of their titles, abstracts, and full text. Data were extracted from relevant studies, and potentially relevant records were selected for full-text review. Included articles were classified according to their scientific quality (level of evidence, 1-5). The studies were then combined for each surgical procedure, and a grade of recommendation was assigned for each procedure: grade A, treatment recommendation based on level 1 evidence studies; B, based on level 2 or 3 evidence studies; C, based on level 4 or 5 evidence and could represent conflicting results; or I, insufficient evidence to recommend a treatment. As such, the grade of recommendation provides a summary score for the quality and quantity of available literature to support the surgical procedures reviewed here. Results: The systematic literature review generated 11,281 articles. After screening, 655 articles were included. Results revealed 31 surgical procedures for shoulder instability following dislocation: 10 surgical procedures were given an A or B recommendation; 11, a C recommendation; and 10, an I recommendation. Conclusion: This review identified many surgical procedures to treat anterior shoulder instability. Ten of these surgical procedures had an abundant amount of published articles to describe their safety and efficacy. Arthroscopic Bankart and open Bankart were the most commonly reported procedures that cite satisfactory postoperative outcomes and limited complications. Publications on the other surgical procedures were less common. Surgeons should be careful when recommending surgery, and they should choose the appropriate surgical procedure based on evidence-based literature.
Cerebral cavernous malformations form an anticoagulant vascular domain in humans and mice
Authors: Lopez-Ramirez Miguel Alejandro , Pham Angela , Girard Romuald , Wyseure Tine , Hale Preston , Yamashita Atsuki , Koskimäki Janne , Polster Sean , Saadat Laleh , Romero Ignacio A. , Esmon Charles T. , Lagarrigue Frederic , Awad Issam A. , Mosnier Laurent O. , Ginsberg Mark H. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are common brain vascular dysplasias that are prone to acute and chronic hemorrhage with significant clinical sequelae. The pathogenesis of recurrent bleeding in CCM is incompletely understood. Here, we show that central nervous system hemorrhage in CCMs is associated with locally elevated expression of the anticoagulant endothelial receptors thrombomodulin (TM) and endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR). TM levels are increased in human CCM lesions, as well as in the plasma of patients with CCMs. In mice, endothelial-specific genetic inactivation of Krit1 (Krit1ECKO) or Pdcd10 (Pdcd10ECKO), which cause CCM formation, results in increased levels of vascular TM and EPCR, as well as in enhanced generation of activated protein C (APC) on endothelial cells. Increased TM expression is due to upregulation of transcription factors KLF2 and KLF4 consequent to the loss of KRIT1 or PDCD10. Increased TM expression contributes to CCM hemorrhage, because genetic inactivation of 1 or 2 copies of the Thbd gene decreases brain hemorrhage in Pdcd10ECKO mice. Moreover, administration of blocking antibodies against TM and EPCR significantly reduced CCM hemorrhage in Pdcd10ECKO mice. Thus, a local increase in the endothelial cofactors that generate anticoagulant APC can contribute to bleeding in CCMs, and plasma soluble TM may represent a biomarker for hemorrhagic risk in CCMs.
KrakenUniq: confident and fast metagenomics classification using unique k-mer counts
Authors: Breitwieser F. P. , Baker D. N. , Salzberg S. L. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractFalse-positive identifications are a significant problem in metagenomics classification. We present KrakenUniq, a novel metagenomics classifier that combines the fast k-mer-based classification of Kraken with an efficient algorithm for assessing the coverage of unique k-mers found in each species in a dataset. On various test datasets, KrakenUniq gives better recall and precision than other methods and effectively classifies and distinguishes pathogens with low abundance from false positives in infectious disease samples. By using the probabilistic cardinality estimator HyperLogLog, KrakenUniq runs as fast as Kraken and requires little additional memory. KrakenUniq is freely available at https://github.com/fbreitwieser/krakenuniq.
Secretory carcinoma: The eastern Canadian experience and literature review
Authors: Forner David , Bullock Martin , Manders Daniel , Wallace Timothy , Chin Christopher J. , Johnson Liane B. , Rigby Matthew H. , Trites Jonathan R. , Taylor Mark S. , Hart Robert D. 
Published: November 2018

Background Secretory Carcinoma (SC) is a recently described malignancy affecting salivary glands of the head and neck, with a paucity of evidence regarding the natural history, morbidity, and mortality. This study aimed to investigate the current treatment options utilized for SC, as well as its presentation and outcomes. Methods This study is a retrospective case series and includes patients diagnosed with SC at four Maritime Canadian institutions. Literature review of patient outcomes following treatment of SC is also included. Results Thirteen patients were identified. Parotid was the most common subsite (69%), followed by minor salivary gland (23%) and submandibular gland (8%). All patients were S100 positive and had at least one additional positive confirmatory stain, including mammaglobin, CK7, or vimentin. Two patients had N2b disease. All patients were treated with primary surgery, and four were offered adjuvant radiotherapy. There was one instance of locoregional recurrence, and one of metastasis. Three patients displayed perineural invasion on pathology, and one patient displayed lymphovascular invasion. Conclusion Secretory Carcinoma remains understudied regarding its natural history, presentation, and treatment options. This study is the largest single case series in Canada, and highlights the young age and possible aggressiveness of SC. As well, we provide the most comprehensive literature review to date, with a focus on treatment and outcomes for this disease entity.
Differences in First-Trimester Maternal Metabolomic Profiles in Pregnancies Conceived From Fertility Treatments
Authors: Sun Tianyanxin , Lee Bora , Kinchen Jason , Wang Erica T , Gonzalez Tania L , Chan Jessica L , Rotter Jerome I , Chen Yii-Der Ida , Taylor Kent , Goodarzi Mark O , Rich Stephen S , Farber Charles R , Williams John , Pisarska Margareta D 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Context
Maternal metabolic status reflects underlying physiological changes in the maternal-placental-fetal unit that may help identify contributors to adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with infertility and treatments used.

Objective
To determine if maternal metabolomic profiles differ between spontaneous pregnancies and pregnancies conceived with fertility treatments that may explain the differences in pregnancy outcomes.

Design
Metabolon metabolomic analysis and ELISAs for 17-β-estradiol and progesterone were performed during the late first trimester of pregnancy.

Setting
Academic institution.

Subjects
Women in the Spontaneous/Medically Assisted/Assisted Reproductive Technology cohort (N = 409), 208 of whom conceived spontaneously and 201 with infertility [non in vitro fertilization treatments (NIFT), n=90; in vitro fertilization (IVF), n=111].

Intervention
Mode of conception.

Main Outcome Measures
Levels of of 806 metabolites within eight superpathways, 17-β-estradiol, and progesterone in maternal plasma in the late first trimester.

Results
Metabolomic differences in the lipid superpathway (i.e., steroid metabolites, lipids with docosahexaenoyl acyl chains, acyl cholines), and xanthine and benzoate metabolites (P &lt; 0.05) were significant among the spontaneous and two infertility groups, with greatest differences between the spontaneous and IVF groups. 17-β-estradiol and progesterone levels were significantly elevated in the infertility groups, with greatest differences between the spontaneous and IVF groups.

Conclusion
Metabolomic profiles differ between spontaneous and infertility pregnancies, likely driven by IVF. Higher levels of steroids and their metabolites are likely due to increased hormone production from placenta reprogrammed from fertility treatments, which may contribute to adverse outcomes associated with infertility and the treatments used.
Conserved regulation of Nodal-mediated left-right patterning in zebrafish and mouse
Authors: Montague Tessa G. , Gagnon James A. , Schier Alexander F. 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT
Nodal is the major effector of left-right axis development. In mice, Nodal forms heterodimers with Gdf1 and is inhibited by Cerl2/Dand5 at the node, and by Lefty1 in the lateral plate mesoderm (LPM). Studies in zebrafish have suggested some parallels, but also differences, between left-right patterning in mouse and zebrafish. To address these discrepancies, we generated single and double zebrafish mutants for southpaw (spaw, the Nodal ortholog), dand5 and lefty1, and performed biochemical and activity assays with Spaw and Vg1/Gdf3 (the Gdf1 ortholog). Contrary to previous findings, spaw mutants failed to initiate spaw expression in the LPM, and asymmetric heart looping was absent, similar to mouse Nodal mutants. In blastoderm assays, Vg1 and Spaw were interdependent for target gene induction, and contrary to previous results, formed heterodimers. Loss of Dand5 or Lefty1 caused bilateral spaw expression, similar to mouse mutants, and Lefty1 was replaceable with a uniform Nodal signaling inhibitor. Collectively, these results indicate that Dand5 activity biases Spaw-Vg1 heterodimer activity to the left, Spaw around Kupffer's vesicle induces the expression of spaw in the LPM and global Nodal inhibition maintains the left bias of Spaw activity, demonstrating conservation between zebrafish and mouse mechanisms of left-right patterning.
FLCN is a novel Rab11A-interacting protein that is involved in the Rab11A-mediated recycling transport
Authors: Zhao Lingling , Ji Xin , Zhang Xiangxiang , Li Lin , Jin Yaping , Liu Wei 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT
The Birt–Hogg–Dubé (BHD) syndrome related protein FLCN has recently been implicated in the vesicular trafficking processes by interacting with several Rab family GTPases. In the previous studies, we have shown that FLCN could inhibit the binding of overexpressed PAT1, which is a membrane-bound amino acid transporter, to the lysosome in human embryonic kidney 293 cells. This tends to stabilize the lysosomal amino acid pool that is a critical signal to activate the mTORC1 signaling pathway. However, the mechanisms of FLCN during this process remain unexplored. Here we report that FLCN can bind through its C-terminal DENN-like domain to the recycling transport regulator, Rab11A. Suppression of either Rab11A or FLCN facilitated the localization of the overexpressed PAT1 to the lysosome and inhibited its targeting on the plasma membrane. As a consequence, the mTORC1 was down-regulated. The in vitro GEF activity assay does not support FLCN modifies the Rab11A activity directly. Instead, we found FLCN promoted the loading of PAT1 on Rab11A. Our data uncover a function of FLCN in the Rab11A-mediated recycling pathway and might provide new clues to understand BHD.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Association between Hospitalist Productivity Payments and High‐Value Care Culture
Authors: Gupta Reshma , Steers Neil , Moriates Christopher , Ong Michael 
Published: November 2018

BACKGROUNDGiven the national emphasis on affordability, healthcare systems expect that their clinicians are motivated to provide high‐value care. However, some hospitalists are reimbursed with productivity bonuses and little is known about the effects of these reimbursements on the local culture of high‐value care delivery.OBJECTIVETo evaluate if hospitalist reimbursement models are associated with high‐value culture in university, community, and safety‐net hospitals.DESIGN, PATIENTS, AND SETTINGSInternal medicine hospitalists from 12 hospitals across California completed a cross‐sectional survey assessing their perceptions of high‐value care culture within their institutions. Sites represented university, community, and safety‐net centers with different performances as reflected by the Centers of Medicare and Medicaid Service's Value‐based Purchasing (VBP) scores.MEASUREMENTDemographic characteristics and High‐Value Care Culture Survey (HVCCS™) scores were evaluated using descriptive statistics, and associations were assessed through multilevel linear regression.RESULTSOf the 255 hospitalists surveyed, 147 (57.6%) worked in university hospitals, 85 (33.3%) in community hospitals, and 23 (9.0%) in safety‐net hospitals. Across all 12 sites, 166 (65.1%) hospitalists reported payment with salary or wages, and 77 (30.2%) with salary plus productivity adjustments. The mean HVCCS score was 50.2 (SD 13.6) on a 0‐100 scale. Hospitalists reported lower mean HVCCS scores if they reported payment with salary plus productivity (β = ‐6.2, 95% CI ‐9.9 to ‐2.5) than if they reported payment with salary or wages.CONCLUSIONSHospitalists paid with salary plus productivity reported lower high‐value care culture scores for their institutions than those paid with salary or wages. High‐value care culture and clinician reimbursement schemes are potential targets of strategies for improving quality outcomes at low cost.
Ein Freigeist „in Sachen des Genies“
Authors: Klawitter Arne 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Beginning with Goethe’s review of the so-called ‘Dichterbriefe’, the article concentrates on the publication Ueber den Werth einiger Deutschen Dichter (1771/1772) by Ludwig August Unzer and Jakob Mauvillon and then explores Mauvillon’s contribution to the journal Auserlesene Bibliothek der neuesten deutschen Litteratur (1772–1781). Mauvillon, as it will be shown in detail, was the author of some remarkable reviews of Goethe’s and Lenz’s works, mostly in favor of the German ‘Storm and Stress’, while always defending the freedom of opinion and expression.
“From the idea that the self is not given to us...”
Authors: Horlacher Stefan 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
One of the consequences of emphasizing plurality – so characteristic for current masculinity studies – is that the question of commonalities and similarities of masculinities has been neglected, and therefore the relationship between masculinity as a concept and its plural forms has to be rethought. One way of doing this involves conceiving of masculinity as having a largely discursive or narrative structure and focusing on the relationality and interdependency of masculinities by paying special attention to stories and genres as their paramount components. If one takes narrative to be an ontological condition of social life which exemplarily manifests itself in literature and the arts, it is precisely here that a plethora of narratives of masculinity becomes ‘visible’ in a reading process that can be conceptualized as an act of imagining and a process of transfer during which readers perpetually ‘stage’ themselves, while the performative function of narrative allows for a variety of new masculine gender identities that become available through their very conception in literature/art. Combining comparative masculinity studies with the concept of narrative paves the way for a new, more encompassing, relational and intersectional understanding, if not definition of masculinity.
Man: From Healthy Model to Deficient Creature
Authors: Dinges Martin 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The recent discourse on health inverts the traditional positions of gender – where men are supposed to be in good health, while women are not. The contribution proposes answers to the question of why this discourse has emerged over the last twenty years. Furthermore, the important effects of this discourse on the constitution of medical and epidemiological knowledge are analyzed. Some effects were one-sided and therefore problematic for men as well as for women: This concerns the relation to their body and the gendered appropriation of what medicine offers. Men and women were distributed to different fields of practice separated by gender, which limited their freedom of choice. The gendered discourse has also impacted health politics, leading to an unequal distribution of resources often not in line with the actual needs of men and women.
Posing As a Democrat: Scripting the Male Body in West German Films of the 1950s
Authors: Kapczynski Jennifer M. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The article draws on emblematic examples from 1950s West German cinema to examine how popular film employed elements of typecasting, performance style and staging in order to project images of a positive, “democratic” masculinity and contrast that with negatively connoted “fascist” men. As part of the ongoing project to reimagine the terms of male agency in the wake of military defeat and occupation, numerous commercial films refashioned masculinity according to the dictates of the era’s culture of political transformation. Consciously or not, these works sought to differentiate between an invalidated fascist model of rigid, hardened manliness and newer, more flexible modes of masculinity suited both to serving and leading a reconstructed, democratic nation – literally localizing politics in the body, presenting it as a matter of posture and attitudes. In the process, the article claims, 1950 s West German cinema contributed, both directly and indirectly, to the discourse of democratization in the postwar nation.
The Economic Theory of the Scholastics as a Contractual Analysis
Authors: Trifilio Sylvain 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe doctrine of the “just price” is more than often described as the core of the “economic” thinking of the Scholastics (de Roover 1958; Baldwin 1959; Wilson 1975; Worland 1977). In fact, one could hardly contest that the notion occupies a place of high importance in the economic reflections of the Medieval Doctors. It is of no doubt that their study of economic reality led them to call up very frequently the said notion of “just price”. Yet the insistence with which modern historiography has itself treated this – central but particular – element of the Scholastic economic thinking conceals, to our opinion, some of its important sights and interests. An “objective” approach of the scholastic theory seems to command such an interpretation. But why is the phrase “just price” so often used and developed by the Doctors? Such a simple question cannot be answered simply by focusing on the notion. From a more “methodological” point of view, just price appears only like the final result of a complex argumentation. Little attention has been given to the fact that (1) the issue at stake is less a problem of correctness in limited bargaining than a general question of social justice; (2) the method used to deal with this vast subject in the field of economic relations is a systematic “contractual” analysis. The second point forms the main theme of this paper.