bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the dynamics of providing cognition using a computational model of cognitive insomnia
Authors: Rateb Roqia , M. Abualhaj Mosleh , Alsaaidah Adeeb , A. Alsharaiah Mohammad , Shorman Amaal , Jaber Thalji Nisrean 
Published: November 2024

<span lang="EN-US">Insomnia is a common sleep-related neuropsychological disorder that can lead to a range of problems, including cognitive deficits, emotional distress, negative thoughts, and a sense of insufficient sleep. This study proposes a providing computational dynamic cognitive model (PCDCM) insight into providing cognitive mechanisms of insomnia and consequent cognitive deficits. Since the support providing is significantly dynamic and it includes substantial changes as demanding condition happen. From this perspective the underlying model covers integrating of both coping strategies, provision preferences and adaptation concepts. The model was found to produce realistic behavior that could clarify conditions for providing support to handle insomnia individuals, which was done by employing simulation experiments under various negative events, personality resources, altruistic attitude and personality attributes. Simulation results show that, a person with bonadaptation and either problem focused or emotion focused coping can provide different social support based on his personality resources, personality attributes, and knowledge level, whereas a person with maladaptation regardless the coping strategies cannot provide any type of social support. Moreover, person with close tie tends to provide instrumental, emotional, and companionship support than from weak tie. Finally, a mathematical analysis was used to examine the possible equilibria of the model. </span>
Analysis of LLC resonant converter performance with PIDD2 controller for electric vehicle application
Authors: K. Sathya , Guruswamy K. P. 
Published: November 2024

The key uses of the latest developments is electric vehicles (EV’s). As a result, several researchers were drawn to EV’s control to propose appropriate controllers and predicted that control engineers face a challenge when it comes to regulating the LLC resonant converter output voltage. In this regard, the study proposes a PID Type modified controller for regulation of voltage across output in LLC resonant converter. The design and control procedure of this modified proportional integral derivative double derivative (PIDD2) is explained along with EDF modeling in LLC resonant converter. This work proposes to use two controllers to drive the voltage output of a resonant converter LLC to constantly track the desired value. Proportional integral derivative controller (PID) is the first, while the PIDD2 method is the foundation of the second. Every controller has undergone simulation testing and the results are compared based on how the evaluated controllers respond dynamically in accordance with settling time, rising time and overshoot.
Comparative study of pothole detection using deep learning on smartphone
Authors: Ulul Amri Achyar , Putra Kusuma Gede 
Published: November 2024

<span>Potholes present a significant problem in many countries, leading to vehicle damage and traffic accidents. These road imperfections pose safety risks and impose economic burdens. Despite existing detection methods using sensors and computer vision deep learning processed on PCs, a gap remains in deploying cost-effective, widely accessible solutions. This study aims to bridge this gap by developing deep learning models optimized for smartphones, reducing costs and enhancing deployment feasibility. We developed multiple models for pothole detection, utilizing transfer learning and Bayesian hyperparameter tuning to optimize detection accuracy and resource efficiency. Our evaluations focused on computationally light models such as YOLOv8 small, YOLOv8-nano, YOLOv7 tiny, and faster R-CNN MobileNetV3. In terms of detection accuracy, YOLOv8 small and YOLOv8 nano stood out, achieving average precisions (AP) of 83.5% and 82.5%, respectively. YOLOv8 nano proved the most efficient, offering high detection accuracy, a file size three times smaller than YOLOv8 small in TFLite format, and the fastest inference time of 0.72 seconds per image. This study highlights the potential of smartphones in urban pothole detection, contributing to improved road maintenance and urban policy.</span>
Lesion Morphometry of the Pentaspline Pulsed Field Ablation Catheter: Understanding Catheter Pose, Rotation, and Dosing
Authors: Watanabe Keita , Nies Moritz , Reddy Vivek Y. , Koruth Jacob S. 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND:
The pentaspline pulsed field ablation catheter achieves pulmonary vein isolation using 8 stacked, pose-specific applications with rotation. The morphology of pose-specific, single or double applications has not been described.

METHODS:
One or 2 applications were delivered to select veins and discrete atrial and ventricular sites in 9 swine. General anesthesia with neuromuscular paralysis ensured a stable position. Preablation, postablation, and serial intraprocedural mappings were performed to characterize electrical vein isolation and dynamic voltage changes. Upon euthanize at 2 days (7 of 9 swine), hearts were subject to pathological examination.

RESULTS:

Six superior vena cavae received single or double applications in basket pose without rotation. Despite incomplete dosing, acute electrical isolation occurred in 4 of 6 veins. None recovered conduction over 40 minutes, but all 3 isolated veins that were remapped at 2 days had reconnected. Lesions were linear (15–16 mm) with gaps and significantly wider with double versus single applications (8.2±2.8 versus 6.1±2.0 mm;
P
=0.02). Similar lesions, with acute isolation and subsequent reconnection, were observed in 3 of 4 ablated pulmonary veins. Double flower pose applications to the posterior atrium created wide (≈40×30 mm) confluent lesions, whereas single applications resulted in curvilinear lesions with variable gaps. Flower pose lesions (single or double) in the right ventricle were flower-shaped, linear with gaps, and with depths up to ≈5 mm.

CONCLUSIONS:
The pentaspline catheter in the basket pose creates perivenous linear lesions with gaps. Single applications in flower pose generate narrow linear lesions with variable gaps, whereas double applications result in wide, confluent lesions.
Out‐of‐Hospital Cardiac Arrest: Does a History of Myocarditis/Perimyocarditis Affect the Outcome? A Swedish Nationwide Study
Authors: Nadhir Sadek , Björkenstam Marie , Bobbio Emanuele , Eken Berkan , Ljungman Charlotta , Polte Christian , Rawshani Araz , Bollano Entela 
Published: November 2024

Background
Acute myocarditis/perimyocarditis presents with a variable prognosis ranging from complete recovery to end‐stage heart failure (HF), sudden cardiac arrest, and death. The relationship between a prior history of myocarditis/perimyocarditis and outcomes in out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest remains unclear.

Methods and Results
Using the SCRR (Swedish Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Registry), we analyzed 54 568 cases of out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest from 2010 to 2020 where cardiopulmonary resuscitation was attempted. Patients with a history of myocarditis/perimyocarditis were compared with those without in terms of characteristics and survival. Four hundred ninety‐eight patients (0.9%) had a history of myocarditis/perimyocarditis. These patients were predominantly men (73.8%), had an average age of 68 years, displayed a higher prevalence of cardiovascular comorbidities, and more frequently displayed shockable initial rhythms (28.7% versus 23.1%). Prior myocarditis/pericarditis did not correlate with worse short‐term (odds ratio [OR], 0.91 [95% CI, 0.61–1.33]) or long‐term survival (hazard ratio [HR], 1.01 [95% CI, 0.91–1.13]). Patients with myocarditis/perimyocarditis with concomitant HF showed worse long‐term survival in unadjusted analyses. Adjusted analyses confirmed that absence of HF was linked to improved short‐term survival (OR, 1.46 [95% CI, 1.32–1.62]), whereas prevalence of HF was a predictor for worsened long‐term survival (HR, 0.91 [95% CI, 0.91–0.95]) after out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest. Analyses were adjusted for myocarditis/perimyocarditis, sex, age, HF, time to cardiopulmonary resuscitation start, and initial rhythm.

Conclusions
Prior myocarditis/perimyocarditis per se did not contribute to a worsened outcome following out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest. However, the presence of concomitant HF was linked to unfavorable short‐ and long‐term outcomes.
Assessment of urinary biomarkers of mycotoxin exposure in adults from Cameroon
Authors: Abia W.A. , Tchana A.N. , Djonabaye D. , Šarkanj B. , Mfopou E.Y. , Ezekiel C.N. , Sulyok M. , Turner P.C. , Elliott C.T. , Warth B. , Krska R. , Moundipa P.F. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In Cameroon, dietary staples are frequently contaminated with diverse toxic fungal metabolites, known as mycotoxins. Aflatoxins and fumonisins are a public health concern, particularly concerning cancer and/or early life stunting. Mycotoxin mixtures are predicted from food measures; and this study reports the levels and frequencies of urinary mycotoxin biomarkers in Cameroonian adults. A single first void urine sample was collected from 89 adults from Yaoundé, Cameroon. Urine samples were tested for eight distinct mycotoxins using measures of both parent compounds and/or their metabolites by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Altogether, seven distinct mycotoxins, aflatoxin, fumonisin, deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, nivalenol, ochratoxin A, and citrinin, (or their metabolites) were observed in urine samples. At least one mycotoxin was detected in all of the urine samples, 87 (98%) of which were above the limit of quantitation. Aflatoxin M1 was detected in 42% (n.d.-0.21 μg/l) of samples of which about a quarter additionally contained fumonisin B1. Of the remaining toxins deoxynivalenol (78%), zearalenone (99%), ochratoxin A (95%), nivalenol (53%), and citrinin (87%) were present in the samples. Alternariol was not detected in any sample. Mixtures of mycotoxins in the samples were frequently observed with 64 samples (72%) containing more than five mycotoxin exposure biomarkers. Estimates of intake exceeded the TDIs for fumonisin B1 (n = 4), deoxynivalenol (n = 1) and zearalenone (n = 2), no TDI is set for aflatoxin. This study reveals frequent co-exposure of Cameroonian individuals to a complex mixture of toxic and carcinogenic mycotoxins, with mixtures of aflatoxin and fumonisin being a particular priority from a public health standpoint.
Effect of edible insect powder incorporation on nutritional and sensory properties of food products: a systematic review
Authors: Barnabé M.L.F. , Abrantes L.C.S. , Fialho T.C. , Oliveira L.A. , Pereira S.M.S. , Dias K.A. , Vicente L.C.O.S. , Martins K.V.C. , Della Lucia C.M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Society has an increasing demand for innovative food sources that are safe, nutritious, and, above all, more sustainable. In this scenario, edible insects emerge as a promising food alternative. However, there is still a scarcity of studies examining the effect of edible insect powder in formulating products for the food industry. This review analyzed studies that used powder obtained from various edible insects to elucidate its potential to enhance nutritional value in food products and to examine sensory and technological changes. Thirty-one papers that aimed to develop a new food product and conducted a sensory analysis were included. In most studies, an increase in protein and mineral content was observed, along with changes in sensory aspects such as color, taste, and texture, as well as a reduction in water activity. The results of this systematic review demonstrate that using edible insect powder as an ingredient can be considered a viable alternative to enhance the nutritional value of food products. However, this enrichment alters the sensory and technological characteristics of the final products.
Ketamine for treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: Double-blind active-controlled crossover study
Authors: Beaglehole Ben , Glue Paul , Neehoff Shona , Shadli Shabah , McNaughton Neil , Kimber Bridget , Muirhead Chrissie , Bie Aroha de , Day-Brown Rachel , Hughes-Medlicott Natalie J 
Published: November 2024

Background: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) may respond to ketamine treatment. Aim: To examine the responsiveness and tolerability of treatment-refractory OCD to intramuscular (IM) ketamine compared to IM fentanyl. Methods: This was a randomised double-blind psychoactive-controlled study with single doses of racemic ketamine 0.5 mg/kg, 1.0 mg/kg or fentanyl 50 µg (psychoactive control). Pre-dosing with 4 mg oral ondansetron provided nausea prophylaxis. Eligible participants were aged between 18 and 50 years with severe treatment-resistant OCD. The primary efficacy measure was the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS). Tolerability was measured with the Clinician-Administered Dissociative States Scale (CADSS). Repeated measures analysis of variance with orthogonal polynomial trends was used to assess the effect of drug treatment on Y-BOCS and CADSS scores. Results: Twelve participants were randomised and 10 completed the study (7 females, 3 males, mean age 33 years). Two participants dropped out due to not tolerating dissociative effects associated with the study medication. The reductions in Y-BOCS scores were greater and statistically dose-related for both ketamine doses than fentanyl (dose [linear], F(1, 9) = 6.5, p = 0.031). Score changes for all treatments were maximal at 1–2 h with a steady separation of scores out to 168 h. Ketamine was associated with short-term dissociative and cardiovascular effects. Conclusions: We provide further preliminary evidence for the efficacy and tolerability of IM ketamine in an outpatient cohort of OCD. Additional work is required to establish the optimal dosing regimen and longer-term role of ketamine for OCD. These findings are encouraging given the well-known limitations that exist for treatments in this area.
Exploring the effects of erythropoietin treatment on cortical thickness and hippocampal volume in patients with mood disorders undergoing electroconvulsive therapy: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Macoveanu Julian , Zarp Jeff , Vinberg Maj , Brendstrup-Brix Kristoffer , Kessing Lars V , Jørgensen Martin B , Miskowiak Kamilla W 
Published: November 2024

Background: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a highly effective treatment for severe depression. However, its utilization is limited to the most severely ill patients due to stigma, healthcare provider unfamiliarity, and concerns regarding cognitive side effects. Erythropoietin (EPO) is a promising add-on treatment during ECT due to its potential to increase neuroplasticity and cognition. Aims: To explore the effects of EPO administration on cortical thickness and hippocampal volumes. Methods: In a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial, we previously investigated the impact of EPO (40,000 IU) versus placebo (saline) infusions on cognitive side effects of unipolar or bipolar depression patients undergoing eight ECT sessions over 2.5 weeks. This cross-sectional magnetic resonance imaging study explores the effect of EPO on cortical thickness and hippocampal volumes 3 days post-ECT in 37 of the EPO trial patients (EPO n = 21; placebo n = 16). Results: Compared to the placebo group, EPO-treated patients displayed thicker cortex in distributed regions of the right hemisphere, predominantly in the parietal and occipital areas. There were no significant group differences in the hippocampal volumes or prefrontal cortex thickness. Conclusions: EPO treatment may produce a selective increase in the right-side occipito-parietal cortical thickness. In contrast, the thickness of other cognition-relevant structures was not significantly affected. This aligns with our previously reported finding that EPO has a selective effect on autobiographical memory and associated right-side parietal activity in the absence of changes in global cognition. It remains to be investigated whether longer EPO treatment and follow-up assessment may be necessary for overt structural changes in cognition-relevant brain networks.
Cucurbitacins Loaded in Liposome Nanoparticles Inhibit the Development of Lung Cancer Through BECN1-mediated Autophagy
Authors: Liu Xietian , Diao Peng 
Published: November 2024

Background Autophagy has always been a current research hotspot during lung cancer treatment. Purpose This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanism by which cucurbitacins loaded in liposome nanoparticles (Cu B-NPs) inhibit the development of lung cancer through Beclin 1 (BECN1) regulation. Methods Cu B-NPs were prepared, and the A549 group, Cu B group, and Cu B-NPs group were set up to assess the mechanism of Cu B-NPs in regulating autophagy and inhibiting the development of lung cancer. Cu B-NPs+si-BECN1 group and Cu B-NPs+pc-BECN1 group were also set up to analyze whether Cu B-NPs regulate autophagy through BECN1 to inhibit the development of lung cancer. Results Cu B-NPs were successfully prepared and had good dispersion stability. Cu B-NPs reduced cell viability, promoted apoptosis and the accumulation of autophagosomes, and regulated apoptosis-related proteins, thereby inhibiting lung cancer development. After activating/inhibiting BECN1 expression, Cu B-NPs promoted cell autophagy and apoptosis by upregulating BECN1 expression, thereby inhibiting the development of lung cancer. Conclusion In this study, Cu B-NPs were successfully prepared, and the particles promoted autophagy and induced apoptosis in A549 cells by upregulating BECN1, thereby inhibiting the development of lung cancer. This provides strong evidence and clues for further research and development of lung cancer treatment strategies.
Anatomical and Micro-CT Assessment of the First Metatarsal Head Vascularization and Soft Tissue Envelope Following Minimally Invasive Chevron Osteotomy for Hallux Valgus Deformity
Authors: Carvalho Kepler Alencar Mendes de , Fayed Aly , Barbachan Mansur Nacime Salomao , Godoy-Santos Alexandre Leme , Talusan Paul , Chrea Bopha , de Cesar Netto Cesar , Johnson Anne H. , Dalmau-Pastor Miki 
Published: November 2024

Background: Minimally invasive surgical (MIS) chevron-type osteotomy for hallux valgus (HV) treatment offers a surgical alternative to open surgery with minimal surgical dissection and a hypothetical decreased risk for soft tissue complications. The objectives of this study were to assess the incidence of injuries to the soft tissue envelope and to the blood supply of the first metatarsal head through gross dissection and, using micro–computed tomography (micro-CT), to identify the safe position to perform the MIS chevron-type osteotomy of the first metatarsal head based on the anatomical data. Methods: Twenty cadaveric specimens with HV were used for the study. Seven specimens were perfused with a low-viscosity radiopaque polymer preoperatively. All specimens underwent MIS chevron-type osteotomy executed using a 20 × 2-mm Shannon burr at the metatarsal neck’s flare. Anatomical dissection of all specimens was then performed to assess macroscopic injury to the first metatarsal head complex soft tissue structures and blood supply. The 7 specimens that were preinjected then underwent micro-CT assessment to assess the first metatarsal head blood supply. Results: Two soft tissue injuries in 2 cadavers were identified, including a 2-mm injury to the flexor hallucis brevis in one specimen and a 1-mm injury to the dorsomedial nerve. No arterial injuries were identified in either the gross dissection or micro-CT imaging. Micro-CT has pinpointed a secure location to complete the chevron-type osteotomy. We found that finalizing the dorsal arm of the MIS chevron-type osteotomy at a median distance of 25.6 mm, and the plantar arm at 23.9 mm from the most distal point of the first metatarsal head, ensured safety in the specimens we used. Conclusion: As tested in this cadaveric study on 20 specimens, the MIS chevron-type osteotomy procedure preserved the soft tissue envelope of the first metatarsal head complex and the blood supply of the first metatarsal head, with a low number of injuries. Completing the dorsal arm of the MIS chevron-type osteotomy at a median distance of 25.6 mm, and the plantar arm at 23.9 mm from the furthest point of the first metatarsal head, while ensuring the Shannon burr does not exceed 3.9 mm dorsolaterally and 4.0 mm plantar-laterally from the cortical bone exit point, appeared crucial to avoid vascular damage.
Memory anosognosia in early Alzheimer’s disease: A memory clinic study
Authors: Benke Thomas , Karagiannis George 
Published: November 2024

Background Unawareness or anosognosia of memory impairment is a common phenomenon in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Different findings have been reported regarding its presentation, assessment procedure, and cognitive correlates. Objective To assess memory awareness of early AD patients predictively (before memory testing) and online (immediately after performing a memory test). Methods All participants were outpatients of a memory clinic. AD patients were compared with participants having mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and a group with normal cognitive aging (NC). We used a performance-based assessment procedure to measure self-perceived memory abilities. An anosognosia ratio was calculated by matching self-estimates with objective memory scores derived from the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's disease Neuropsychological battery. Results Memory anosognosia in terms of self-overestimation was found in almost half of the AD sample, only rarely in MCI, and was not present in NC. Most AD patients had both, a low prediction and also a deficient online accuracy of self-estimation. Memory overestimators were older, less educated, and had significantly poorer neuropsychological scores. A stepwise linear regression analysis showed that memory anosognosia was predicted by age, everyday functional abilities and neuropsychological variables, including executive and mnestic abilities. Conclusions Poor cognitive and memory functions combined with memory anosognosia are a hallmark of early AD. Further, mnemonic anosognosia as assessed by performance based measures separates AD patients already in the early disease stage from subjects with MCI or normal controls. Our findings highlight the importance of assessing memory self-appraisal in subjects attending a memory clinic, in addition to clinical and cognitive variables.