bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy dan Fungsi Ginjal pada Penderita Hipertensi
Authors: SULASTOMO HERU , FAUZI FADLAN AKHYAR , KUSUMAWATI RATNA 
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Chronic hypertension can cause complication such as left ventricular <br />hypertrophy (LVH). LVH can lead renal artery vasoconstriction, impaire blood perfusion <br />to glomerulus and change glomerulus filtration coeficient. The aim of this study was to<br />compare kidney function between hypertensive patient with LVH and without LVH<br />Methods: This was a case control study that conducted at Dr. Moewardi General<br />Hospital Surakarta. All subjects has been diagnosed as hypertension more than 5 years.<br />The diagnosis of LVH was based on electrocardiography (ECG) result. Kidney function<br />was assessed based on serum ureum, creatinin, and uric acid levels.<br />Results: The subject of this study was 26 hypertension patients with LVH and 13<br />hypertension patients without LVH. Serum ureum level in patients with LVH was higher<br />than hypertension patients without LVH(24.92 ± 7.99 Vs 32.33±9.91, p= 0.004). Serum<br />uric acid level in hypertension patients with LVH was higher compare to hypertension<br />patients without LVH as well (5.26 ± 1.15 Vs 6.98 ± 1.83, p= 0.029). Whereas serum<br />creatinine levels were not significantly different between two groups of subjects. <br />Sulastomo et.al., Left Ventricular Hypertrophy dan Fungsi Ginjal pada Penderita Hipertensi <br />Conclusion: : Serum ureum and uric acid levels in hypertensive subjects with LVH are<br />higher than subjects without LVH. There is no difference between serum creatinin level in<br />hypertensive subject with LVH and without LVH.<br /><br /><br />
A Multicenter Assessment of the Sensitivity and Specificity for a Single High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin Test at Emergency Department Presentation for Hospital Admission
Authors: Kavsak Peter A , McRae Andrew , Vatanpour Shabnam , Ismail Ola Z , Worster Andrew 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
Studies have illustrated how a low or undetectable high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) concentration at emergency department (ED) presentation can rule out myocardial infarction (MI). A problem with using an undetectable hs-cTn cutoff is that this value may be defined differently among hospitals and is also difficult to monitor. In the present study, we assess the diagnostic performance of a clinical chemistry score (CCS) vs hs-cTn alone in the presentation blood sample in the ED for patient hospital admission in a multicenter setting.

Methods
From January 1 to June 30, 2018, consecutive patients with random glucose, creatinine (for an estimated glomerular filtration rate calculation), and hs-cTnI (Abbott, 2 hospitals, Hamilton, Ontario, n = 10496) or hs-cTnT (Roche, 4 hospitals, Calgary, Alberta, n = 25177) were assessed for hospital admission with the CCS (range of scores, 0–5) or hs-cTn alone. Sensitivity, specificity, predicative values, and likelihood ratios were calculated for a CCS of 0 and 5 and for hs-cTn alone (hs-cTnI cutoffs, 5 and 26 ng/L; hs-cTnT cutoffs, 6 and 14 ng/L).

Results
The CCS of 0 (CCS &lt;1) identified approximately 10% of all patients as low risk and had a sensitivity for hospital admission of nearly 98% as compared to &lt;93% when hs-cTnT (&lt;6 ng/L) or hs-cTnI (&lt;5 ng/L) cutoffs alone were used. A CCS ≥5 had a specificity for hospital admission &gt;95%, with approximately 14% of patients at high risk.

Conclusions
An ED disposition (admit or send home) using the presentation blood sample could occur in nearly 25% of all patients by use of the CCS.
Accuracy Evaluation of a Tetrabromophenolphthalein Ethyl Ester Colorimetric Assay for Urinary Albumin
Authors: Krausz Alyse D , Dewar Rajan , Burns Mark A 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe tetrabromophenolphthalein ethyl ester (TBPE) assay has been used to quantify urinary albumin in point-of-care devices. We assessed the accuracy of this TBPE assay for urinary albumin through comparison with an established immunoturbidimetric method (ADVIA 1800 Chemistry System, Siemens).MethodsWe developed a TBPE assay protocol to quantify albumin in the range associated with microalbuminuria (0–200 mg/L). The Jaffe reaction and a 3-dimensional (3D) surface were used to compensate for creatinine interference. Spiked simulated urine samples and patient samples were used to compare the TBPE assay with the immunoturbidimetric method. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze factors that could account for discrepancies between the 2 methods.ResultsWe found that creatinine interfered with the TBPE assay. To compensate, a 3D surface was successfully used to quantify albumin in spiked deionized water and simulated urine samples. In spiked simulated urine samples, the immunoturbidimetric method underestimated the albumin concentration by 2 to 45 mg/L, and the TBPE assay overestimated it by 9 to 82 mg/L. In patient samples, the albumin concentrations measured with the TBPE assay and the immunoturbidimetric method differed by an average of 184 mg/L.ConclusionsThe TBPE assay is a function of the creatinine concentration, and a 3D surface can be used to provide accurate albumin concentrations for standard samples. The corrected TBPE method and the immunoturbidimetric method deviated from known concentrations of spiked samples. Further investigation and comparisons with a third albumin measurement method, such as LC-MS/MS, are necessary before conclusions on the accuracy of the TBPE assay can be made.
PENDIDIKAN BERBASIS ADAB MENURUT A. HASSAN
Authors: Busthami Syarif Hidayat 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This writing discusses and analyzes A. Hassan’s concept in education that is courtesy based educational concept. The figure of A Hassan is often connected with his hard works in spreading the religion guidance that based on Quran and Sunnah besides his concern on education. The research uses qualitative critical analysis method on his works / books and interviews with figures who know and deal with the concept in Persis. The writer conclude that A. Hasssan’s educational concept emphasized courtesy or known as character education. Not only created and educate to be tafaquh fi al-din but also be prepared to be strong/ discipline and polite person.
Abstrak
Tulisan ini menyajikan analisis mengenai pendidikan berbasis adab A. Hassan. Seringkali ketokohan A. Hassan sebagai guru utama Persatuan Islam dinilai dari sisi kegigihan dalam menegakkan al-Qur’an dan al-Sunnah. Padahal, kefiguran beliau berkaitan pula dengan dunia pendidikan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan bentuk anialisis terhadap karya-karya A. Hassan dan wawancara kepada tokoh-tokoh Persatuan Islam. Penulis menyimpulkan, pendidikan A. Hassan banyak menekankan pada pendidikan adab yang dikenal dewasa ini dengan istilah pendidikan karakter. Bukan sekedar mendidik siswa untuk memahami ajaran dengan benar (tafaqquh fi al-din) namun juga mendidik supaya mereka menjadi manusia yang bisa disiplin dan beradab.
PEMIKIRAN PENDIDIKAN MUHAMMAD ABDUH DAN KONTRIBUSINYA TERHADAP PENGEMBANGAN TEORI PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Asifa Falasipatul 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Muhammad abduh was a reformer figure at century 19’th that the ideas were very shining to renewal of Islam from various aspects. Abduh could resurrect the fighting spirit of Muslims to advanced in Scientist after had period of stagnation. Muhammad Abduh started repaire trough education. Make education as key sectors to saved the Mesir people.Making educational improvements as a principle in scoring sholeh Muslims. Education Muhammad Abduh aims to educate mind and soul and develop it to the extent the enables students to achieves happiness in the world and the hereafter. As for its connection with the curriculum Muhammad Abduh seems to want an integral Islamic Education was integral at each level of education in accordance with the purpose of education. while to overcome the weakness of educational methods that occurred at that time, Muhammad Abduh applied varied methods.
Abstrak
Muhammad Abduh adalah sosok pembaharu pada abad 19 yang ide-idenya sangat cemerlang untuk pembaharuan Islam dari berbagai aspek. Abduh bisa membangkitkan kembali semangat juang umat Islam untuk terus maju dalam bidang ilmu pengetahuan setelah mengalami fase kejumudan. Muhammad Abduh memulai perbaikannya melalui pendidikan. Menjadikan pendidikan sebagai sector utama guna menyelamatkan masyarakat Mesir. Menjadikan perbaikan pendidikan sebagai asas dalam mencetak muslim yang sholeh. Pendidikan Muhammad Abduh bertujuan mendidikan akal dan jiwa serta mengembangkannya hingga batas-batas yang memungkinkan anak didik mencapai kebahagiaan hidup di dunia dan di akhirat. Adapun kaitannya dengan kurikulum Muhammad Abduh tampak menginginkan kurikulum pendidikan islam yang integral pada setiap jenjang pendidikan sesuai dengan tujuan pendidikannya. Sedangkan untuk mengatasi kelemahan metode pendidikan yang terjadi pada masa itu, Muhammad Abduh menerapkan metode yang variatif.
TÜRKİYE, KATAR, SUUDİ ARABİSTAN VE ENDONEZYA’DAKİ İSLAMİ BANKALARIN PERFORMANSLARININ KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: AYRIÇAY Yücel , KILIÇ Meltem , BOLAT İsmet 
Published: July 2019

İslami bankalar, küresel boyutta
yaşanan mali krizlerden daha az etkilendiklerinden dolayı tüm dünyada geleneksel
bankalara göre daha fazla tercih edilmeye başlanmıştır. Bunun en önemli nedeni
olarak, İslami bankaların faizsiz
bankacılık sistemini kullanmaları ve daha çok reel sektöre yönelik bir yatırım
mantığına sahip olmaları gösterilmektedir. Faizsiz bankacılık sektöründe dünyanın
birçok yerinde faaliyet gösteren İslami bankaların aktif büyüklükleri ve sektör
içindeki payı her geçen gün artmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye, Katar,
Suudi Arabistan ve Endonezya’daki İslami bankaların finansal performans
oranlarını açıklamak ve ülkelerdeki İslami bankaların finansal performanslarını
karşılaştırmaktır. Bu kapsamda, Türkiye, Katar, Suudi Arabistan ve Endonezya’daki
İslami bankaların 2011-2017 yılları arasındaki aktif karlılık oranları, öz
sermaye karlılık oranları, verimlilik oranı, faaliyet kaldıracı oranı,
çeşitlendirme derecesi, ücret gelirleri, öz sermaye çarpanı oranı, kredi
büyümesi ve yeniden yatırım oranı ortalamaları incelenmektedir. Ayrıca,
performans oranlarının ülke ortalamaları alınarak ülke bazında karşılaştırma
yapılmaktadır. Çalışmanın sonucunda, faaliyet kaldıracı, kar payı dışı gelir/Faaliyet
geliri ve ücret geliri oranların en yüksek olduğu ülke Suudi Arabistan iken en
düşük olduğu ülke Katar olarak bulunmuştur. Verimlilik değerleri incelendiğinde
en yüksek verimliliğe sahip ülke Endonezya olarak bulunmuşken, en düşük etkinlik değerine sahip ülkenin Katar
olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Toplam aktif/öz sermaye, kredi büyümesi ve aktif
karlılığı en yüksek olan ülkenin Türkiye, en düşük olan ülkenin ise Suudi
Arabistan olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. En yüksek Öz sermaye karlılığı ve
yeniden yatırım oranına sahip olan ülkenin Endonezya olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
En düşük Öz sermaye karlılığı ve yeniden yatırım oranına sahip olan ülke olarak
ta Suudi Arabistan bulunmuştur.
Can a Parallel Importer Rebrand Pharmaceutical Products in the EU?
Authors: Grigienė Jurgita , Čerka Paulius , Perkumienė Dalia 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The European Union has established the free movement of goods, which covers the parallel import of goods in the EU. However, the free movement of goods should not infringe on the rights of trade mark owners. In some cases, parallel importer needs not only to repackage but also to rebrand pharmaceutical products. ECJ has stated that rebranding is permissible if objective necessity to rebrand exists. But it is the national court that has to determine what objective necessity is. This paper analyses the decisions of EU Member States. In some cases, objective necessity has been determined on similar grounds. However, in other cases, a necessity to enter some part of the market has been evaluated differently in different Member States. The different evaluation of the necessity criterion could be treated as the infringement of uniform application of the free movement of goods in the EU.
Fragments of Europeanization of Georgian Property Law and Law of Obligations in the Context of Reception of German Law
Authors: Zarandia Tamar , Chitashvili Natia 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe present research article focuses on the description of the dynamics of Europeanization of two fundamental concepts of Georgian property law and the law of obligations—acquisition of a thing from a non-authorized alienator and the unified concept of breach of obligation—in the context of reception of German law. At the historical stage of formation of the Civil Code of Georgia (CCG), focusing on the conceptual framework of German civil law, the German law, in its turn, was an integral part of the Europeanization process. Hence, Europeanization influenced the development of Georgian civil law through the reception of German law. When referring to the reception of German law in this article we simultaneously mean the process of Europeanization of Georgian civil law, which penetrated not directly but rather through the reception of European (in this case, German) codification. The ongoing reform of Georgian civil law inevitably requires its legal harmonization with EU codifications in the context of central paradigms of acquisition of a thing from a non-authorized alienator and the unified concept of breach of obligation. Analysis of the dynamics and often contradictory root of the Europeanization of Georgian private law will enable scholars and legislators conduct legal approximation process on the basis of research-based recommendations.
An approximation of geodesic circle passing through three points on an ellipsoid
Authors: Ahn Young Joon , Hoffmann Christoph 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In this paper we present an approximation method for a geodesic circle passing through three points on an oblate ellipsoid. Our method uses a prolate ellipsoid passing through the three points, and the new approximation curve is the intersection of the oblate and prolate ellipsoids, which can be obtained algebraically without iterations. The advantage of our approximation method is that it yields a significantly smaller approximation error. Compared to the plane section curve passing through the three points on the oblate ellipse, our method reduces the approximation error by at least

98

%

98\hspace{0.1667em}\%

when the radii of geodesic circles are 100 km∼1000 km on the surface of the Earth. We illustrate the results using numerical examples.
Preparation of carboxymethyl cellulose from tea stalk and its use as a paper-strengthening agent
Authors: Zhang Yangyang , Li Yalan , Li Mengyang , Xu Min , Yue Jinquan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Tea stalk was used for producing carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and a response surface methodology was used to model effective factors relative to the degree of substitution (DS). The optimum values of the independent variables were an alkalization time of 107 min, monochloroacetic acid at 3.11 g, and an etherification time of 171 min, at which the CMC had a DS of 0.668. The yield of CMC in optimization condition was 75.9 %. The optimized CMC was in a good agreement with the commercial CMC, as based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometry analyses. The optimized CMC was used to enhance paper strength, and with economic factors and paper strength enhancement taken into account, the appropriate amount of optimized CMC was determined to be approximately 0.3 %. When the amount of optimized CMC was at 0.3 %, the tensile index, burst index, tearing index, and folding endurance were 26.7 N m/g,

1.0

kPa

m

2

/
g

1.0\hspace{0.1667em}\text{kPa}\hspace{0.1667em}{\text{m}^{2}}/\text{g}

,

12.1

mN

m

2

/
g

12.1\hspace{0.1667em}\text{mN}\hspace{0.1667em}{\text{m}^{2}}/\text{g}

, and 2.0, respectively. Together, these results indicated that the optimized CMC exhibited comparable paper strengthening properties relative to that of commercially available CMC.
Eisenmetallurgie in der Bronzezeit Osteuropas. Die archäologischen Quellen und ihre Interpretation
Authors: Kašuba Maja , Lehnhardt Enrico , Šramko Irina , Zadnikov Stanislav 
Published: July 2019

Zusammenfassung
Im Beitrag werden mehr als 180 Gegenstände aus Eisen ausgewertet, die zwischen dem 3. Jahrtausend v. Chr. und dem Anfang des 1. Jahrtausends v. Chr. im Raum zwischen den Karpaten und dem Ural gefunden wurden. Die Objekte stammen von verschiedenen Fundorten und aus 15 archäologischen Kulturen. Der zeitliche Rahmen der Studie entspricht der Bronzezeit und dem Übergang zur frühen Eisenzeit auf Grundlage der aktuellen chronologischen Vorstellungen in Osteuropa. Der Auswertung liegt eine umfangreiche Datenbank zugrunde. Vorgestellt und analysiert werden: a) die Anzahl der Eisenobjekte und ihre Verbreitung; b) die Kategorien der Gegenstände, die aus Eisen gefertigt wurden; c) die Dynamik und die Art und Weise wie Eisen in Gebrauch kam; d) forschungsgeschichtliche Aspekte. Die Auswertung des Materialkorpus mit den aktualisierten Daten und der frühen Funde aus Eisen sowie Schlacken ergibt ein konkretes Bild ihrer quantitativen und qualitativen Verteilung über zwei Jahrtausende in dem Arbeitsgebiet. Die Untersuchung wirft ein neues Licht auf die Tendenzen in der frühen Eisennutzung in Osteuropa. Das Fazit der Autoren, dass Osteuropa als ein eigenständiges Zentrum bei der Herausbildung der Eisenmetallurgie in der Alten Welt anzusehen ist, muss noch weiter überprüft und durch moderne naturwissenschaftliche Analysen abgesichert werden.
Wadle, Elmar/Thomas Gergen, Die hochmittelalterlichen Gottes- und Landfrieden als Wegbereiter des Strafrechts
Authors: Wadle Elmar , Gergen Thomas 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Peace and Truce of God as legal sources of penal law. This study presents final results of the research program "The birth of the public penal law", with a grant by the German Research Community [DFG]. It can be concluded that the Peace rules were influential in numerous ways over the course of the eleventh, twelfth and thirteenth centuries. Texts mentioning Peace institutions – such as the atria, cellaria, etc. or the statutum pacis – were undoubtedly inspired by the Peace councils. The article finally takes into consideration the origins of the Movement of the Peace of God in Southern France and the impact on the North of Spain, in particular Catalonia.
Inhalt: I. Eine geläufige These und die Notwendigkeit ihrer Überprüfung; II. Grundsätzliche Fragen zu Strafrecht und Landfrieden; III. Grundsätzliches zur Praxis des Landfriedensrechts; IV. Einzelstudien; V. Gottesfriede und Treuga Dei im Westen Europas
Garrido Martín, Joaquín, Die historische Rechtsschule in Spanien? Puchtas Begriff des Gewohnheitsrechts und seine Rezeption in der spanischen Rechtswissenschaft
Authors: Garrido Martín Joaquín 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

The German Historical School in Spain? Puchta’s concept of customary law and its reception in Spanish Jurisprudence. During the 19th century, German Jurisprudence, through the work of the Historical School of Law and the Pandectist Studies, had a decisive influence on Spanish legal science as well as in other surrounding countries. However, the introduction of the doctrines of the Historical School in Spain has generally been regarded with skepticism by legal historians: the common conclusion is that in Spain there is no reception of the Rechtsschule. After a critical review of this traditional understanding of the reception of the School, I offer an analysis of the mid-century introduction of the concept of customary law developed within the Historical School, based on the doctrine of the Überzeugungstheorie (Puchta). The German doctrine of customary law was well received by the jurists who, from the first codification projects, privileged legal custom as the primary source of law. I maintain that one can speak on the one hand of the ‘projection’ in Spain of a philosophy – the vague legal historicism condensed in the notion of the Volksgeist –, and on the other hand of a clearer ‘reception’ of the doctrinal concept of legal custom elaborated within the Historical School.
Švecová, Adriana, Deutsch-slowakische interlinguale Parallelen in der Erbrechtsterminologie am Beispiel der Tyrnauer Bürgertestamente des 18. und der ersten Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts
Authors: Švecová Adriana 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

The Interlingual German-Slovak Parallels in the Law of Succession Terminology of the Trnava Burgher Testaments from the 18th and 19th Centuries. The author focused on the terminology related to German and Slovak testaments from the 18th and 19th centuries, which can be found in the Slovak State archive in Trnava (town in the northern part of the Hungarian Kingdom, more precisely in its part called Upper Hungary which is the present-day Slovakia). The terms’ analysis was descriptive and comparative. The the research analyzes the historical language (gained through archival research), it reflects the legal-historical background and the relation of language and terminology. This research paper is of comparative character and gives evidence of how German language influenced the Slovak language due to interlingual coexistence of these two ethnic groups, dominant in the urban areas of the Upper Hungary region, i.e. the present-day Slovakia.
A Novel Oscillation-Free Force Measurement for the Determination of Material Properties during High-Speed Tests
Authors: Fang X. F. , Grams R. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The determination of material properties under high-speed loading has been a challenge for many years. Structural vibrations, or system ringing, in a conventional tensile testing machine deteriorate the quality of the force measurement, which prevents the precise determination of stress-strain curves and the corresponding mechanical properties. In this work, a new sample geometry and a corresponding measurement method are presented and analyzed. This new method allowed for the determination of oscillation-free, true stress-strain curves at high strain rates. Because a new minor plastic deformation area exists in the new Generation III sample, a quasi-movable bearing condition for the sample fixation is created. The forces acting on the sample deformed the cross section and created a displacement in this minor plastic deformation area. In this way, the elastic ringing effect was reduced significantly. This new method could also be applied to the quasi-static test and strain rates ranging from 10−4 to 103/s. Moreover, the filtering or similar manipulation of the results is no longer needed. The validity of the new method was proven by testing two steels with different strain-hardening behaviors.
STRATEGI PENANGANAN RISIKO OPERASIONAL PEMASARAN PRODUK TEH CELUP HIJAU WALINI PADA INDUSTRI HILIR TEH PT PERKEBUNAN NUSANTARA VIII, BANDUNG, JAWA BARAT
Authors: Nugraha Idzhar Jaya , Wastra Akhmad Riyadi , Ichdayati Lilis Imamah 
Published: July 2019

Tea is an Indonesian excellent product that has been recognized worldwide. Indonesia is the seventh best tea producer which have international market potential.Therefore Tea Indonesia is expected to take advantage on existing opportunities from downstream industry of tea. The one of stated-owned plantation company who have downstream industry of tea is PT Perkebunan Nusantara VIII. Walini’s tea is a one famous brand product for this company. The development downstream industry of tea PTPN VIII is faced with yet achieved the expected sales. Amount of cost operational marketing and sales are indicated of operational risk. The objective of this study is strategy handling of marketing operational risk Walini Green tea bag product in downstream industry of tea PTPN VIII. Identification risk is first step to know the problem of marketing operational in downstream industry of tea PTPN VIII. By using Z-Score and Value at Risk (VAR) metode, it be showed the result of probability and impact of marketing operational risk. Preventif and mitigation strategy can be handling this company to growth up the expected sales.