bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnitude and timescales of Ca isotope variability in human urine: implications for bone mass balance monitoring
Authors: Tissot François L H , Cleveland Dylan , Grigoryan Rosa , Kipp Michael A , Shafiee Roxana T , Miaou Emily , Chunduri Rithika , Melton Hayward , Tacail Theo , Razionale Dan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Calcium (Ca) isotopes in blood/urine are emerging biomarkers of bone mineral balance (BMB) in the human body. While multiple studies have investigated Ca isotopes in patients suffering from diseases affecting BMB, comparatively little effort has been devoted to understanding the homeostasis of Ca isotopes in healthy individuals. Here, we report on a longitudinal study of the urine Ca isotope composition (δ44/42CaUrine) from 22 healthy participants (age 19–60) over timescales ranging from days to months. Data from a single participant collected over a 30-day period show that morning urine is an excellent proxy for 24-h pooled urine fractions. Data from all participants reveal large inter-individual variability in δ44/42CaUrine (up to 2.2‰), which is partly due to anthropometric differences, as shown by a correlation between the participants’ body mass index (BMI) and δ44/42CaUrine values. In contrast, intra-individual data reveal encouraging stability (within ∼±0.2–0.3‰) over timescales &gt;160 days, indicating that self-referencing approaches for BMB monitoring hold greater promise than cross-sectional ones. Our data confirm that intra-individual δ44/42CaUrine variations are mainly a function of Ca reabsorption in the kidney, but also reveal the impact of other (and at times equally important) drivers, such as diet, alcohol consumption, physical exercise, or fasting. We also find that a magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent (gadolinium) can lead to artifacts during Ca isotope analysis. Based on our results, a series of practical considerations for the use of Ca isotopes in urine as tracers of BMB are presented.
Current Status of Neonatal Music Therapy Services Within the US
Authors: Robertson Amy M , Evans Ellyn H 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Over the past 30 years, music therapy services in the neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) have expanded, yet there is still limited literature available that captures current practice trends in this setting. The purpose of this paper was to obtain descriptive data about current demographics, consultation, and clinical practice trends in NICU music therapy clinical practice in the US. A questionnaire was sent to 9,222 Board-Certified Music Therapists. Those providing music therapy services in the NICU and choosing to participate (N = 87) completed the questionnaire. Results showed that a majority of music therapists working in the NICU who responded to the questionnaire have completed additional training to provide specialized services. Most NICU music therapists reported spending less than 20 hr a week on the unit and providing a variety of family-centered interventions to infants starting at 28 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA). Common diagnoses for referral besides prematurity were Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome and Chronic Lung Disease. Music therapists are well integrated within treatment teams with a majority reporting collaborating and/or co–treating with other therapies and/or clinical staff.
Gut Microbiota Disorders and Metabolic Syndrome: Tales of a Crosstalk Process
Authors: Nie Penghui , Hu Liehai , Feng Xiaoyan , Xu Hengyi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The microbiota in humans consists of trillions of microorganisms that are involved in the regulation of the gastrointestinal tract and immune and metabolic homeostasis. The gut microbiota (GM) has a prominent impact on the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome (MetS). This process is reciprocal, constituting a crosstalk process between the GM and MetS. In this review, GM directly or indirectly inducing MetS via the host–microbial metabolic axis has been systematically reviewed. Additionally, the specifically altered GM in MetS are detailed in this review. Moreover, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), as unique gut microbial metabolites, have a remarkable effect on MetS, and the role of SCFAs in MetS-related diseases is highlighted to supplement the gaps in this area. Finally, the existing therapeutics are outlined, and the superiority and shortcomings of different therapeutic approaches are discussed, in hopes that this review can contribute to the development of potential treatment strategies.
The Long and Winding Road: Three-year Mortality Following Prescription of Multidrug Antibiotic Treatment for Mycobacterium avium complex Pulmonary Disease in United States Medicare Beneficiaries With Bronchiectasis
Authors: Varley Cara D , Ku Jennifer H , Henkle Emily , Strnad Luke , Winthrop Kevin L 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background/Aims
Although increased mortality has been reported among people with Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease (MAC-PD), data are limited on survival associated with various antibiotic regimens used to treat MAC-PD. We conducted a comparative analysis of 3-year mortality in Medicare beneficiaries with bronchiectasis using various MAC-PD regimens.

Methods
We included Medicare beneficiaries aged ≥65 years with bronchiectasis (01/2006–12/2014). We limited our cohort to new MAC-PD therapy users. MAC-PD therapy was defined as ≥60-day prescriptions for a macrolide plus ≥1 other MAC-PD antibiotic. Guideline-based therapy (GBT) included a macrolide, ethambutol, and/or rifamycin. Using Cox proportional hazard models, we calculated adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) for death up to 3 years after therapy start between the following groups: (1) 2007 GBT versus non-GBT; (2) 2020 GBT versus non-GBT; and (3) macrolide-ethambutol-rifamycin (3-drug) versus macrolide-ethambutol (2-drug).

Results
We identified 4820 new MAC-PD therapy users, of whom 866 (17.9%) were deceased within 3 years of therapy initiation. Of 3040 (63.1%) beneficiaries prescribed 2007 GBT, 472 (15.5%) were deceased by 3 years, compared to 394 (22.1%) of 1780 (36.9%) prescribed non-GBT (aHR 0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], .72–.94). We observed a similar trend for 2020 GBT versus non-GBT (aHR 0.81; 95% CI, .70–.94]). Three-year-mortality was similar between those starting 3-drug versus 2-drug regimens (aHR 0.89; 95% CI, .74–1.08]).

Conclusions
Among Medicare new MAC-PD therapy users, 3-year-mortality was higher in those prescribed non-GBT regimens compared to GBT regimens. Whether this finding suggests improved efficacy of GBT and/or differential characteristic of those using non-GBT regimens deserves further study.
Scaling relations between mass components and rotational velocity in disk galaxies
Authors: Lim Jin , Kim Sungeun 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this study, we re-evaluate the baryonic Tully–Fisher relation (BTFR) by analyzing the correlations between maximum rotational velocity and various mass components, including stellar mass, atomic hydrogen (H i) mass, baryonic mass, and dark matter mass in a sample of 141 disk galaxies from the SPARC (Spitzer Photometry and Accurate Rotation Curves) database, augmented by recent data on stellar and dark matter masses. We apply multiple statistical methods, including Monte Carlo orthogonal distance regression (MCODR), Monte Carlo least-squares (MCLS), and traditional least-squares (LS), to assess the impact of different fitting techniques on the derived scaling relations between the mass components (stellar, H i, and dark matter) and maximum rotational velocities of these galaxies. We find that the selection of statistical methods significantly influences the derived slopes and intercepts the relation between maximum rotational velocity and mass components. The MCODR method that accounts for errors in both variables consistently produces steeper slopes, suggesting a stronger correlation between stellar mass and rotational dynamics compared to other methods. In contrast, the MCLS method tends to yield flatter slopes, highlighting the sensitivity of this approach to outliers. Despite the variations in slope and intercept across different methods, the fundamental relation between baryonic mass and rotational velocity remains robust. We have also compared dark matter mass derived from different halo models [NFW (Navarro–Frenk–White) versus combined NFW + Dekel–Zhao profiles] and noted that the slope from the NFW profile is slightly steeper than that from the combined profile, highlighting the sensitivity of scaling relations to the selection of halo model. Overall, this study reinforces the robustness of the BTFR across different mass components in disk galaxies while emphasizing the critical role of statistical methods and dark matter profiles in analyzing galactic dynamics.
Evaluation of a novel nerve ablation technique to relieve lower back pain: a cadaveric feasibility pilot study
Authors: Jones-Whitehead Charlotte , Tran John , Wilson Timothy D , Loh Eldon 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Radiofrequency ablation is a treatment for facetogenic low back pain that targets medial branches of lumbar dorsal rami to denervate facet joints. Clinical outcomes vary; optimizing cannula placement to better capture the medial branch could improve clinical outcomes. A novel parasagittal technique was proposed from an anatomic model; this technique was proposed to optimize capture of the medial branch. The anatomic feasibility of the novel technique has not been evaluated.

Objective
To simulate and evaluate the proposed parasagittal technique in its ability to achieve proper cannula placement and proximity of uninsulated cannula tips to the medial branches of the dorsal rami in cadaveric specimens.

Methods
Under fluoroscopic guidance, the parasagittal technique was used to place 14 cannulae targeting the lumbar medial branches of 2 cadavers. Meticulous dissection was undertaken to assess cannula alignment and measure proximities to target nerves with a digital caliper.

Results
The novel parasagittal technique was successfully performed in a cadaveric model in 12 of 14 attempts. The technique achieved close proximity of cannula tips to medial branches (0.8 ± 1.1 mm). In 2 instances, cannulae were placed unsuccessfully; in one instance, the cannula was too far anterior, and in the other, it was too far retracted.

Conclusion
In this cadaveric simulation study, the feasibility of performing the parasagittal technique for lumbar radiofrequency ablation was evaluated. This study suggests that the parasagittal technique is a feasible option for lumbar medial branch radiofrequency ablation.
Inconsistency among evaluation metrics in link prediction
Authors: Bi Yilin , Jiao Xinshan , Lee Yan-Li , Zhou Tao 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Link prediction is a paradigmatic and challenging problem in network science, which aims to predict missing links, future links, and temporal links based on known topology. Along with the increasing number of link prediction algorithms, a critical yet previously ignored risk is that the evaluation metrics for algorithm performance are usually chosen at will. This paper implements extensive experiments on hundreds of real networks and 26 well-known algorithms, revealing significant inconsistency among evaluation metrics, namely different metrics probably produce remarkably different rankings of algorithms. Therefore, we conclude that any single metric cannot comprehensively or credibly evaluate algorithm performance. In terms of information content, we suggest the usage of at least two metrics: one is the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, and the other is one of the following three candidates, say the area under the precision-recall curve, the area under the precision curve, and the normalized discounted cumulative gain. When the data are imbalanced, say the number of negative samples significantly outweighs the number of positive samples, the area under the generalized Receiver Operating Characteristic curve should also be used. In addition, as we have proved the essential equivalence of threshold-dependent metrics, if in a link prediction task, some specific thresholds are meaningful, we can consider any one threshold-dependent metric with those thresholds. This work completes a missing part in the landscape of link prediction, and provides a starting point toward a well-accepted criterion or standard to select proper evaluation metrics for link prediction.
“It’s Just Really Important for Us All to Be on the Same Page”: Qualitative Evaluation of Factors That Influence Written Mobility Communication
Authors: Yin Sally , McRae Prue , Adsett Julie , Mudge Alison 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective
Poor interdisciplinary team communication is a known barrier to increasing inpatient mobility. Understanding why and how clinicians from different disciplines communicate about mobility would help inform communication improvements. This qualitative interview study aimed to describe and explore clinician perceptions about written mobility communication and perceived barriers and enablers to this communication.

Methods
A rapid deductive qualitative approach was used to efficiently capture information for local improvement. Clinicians (physical therapists, nurses, physicians, and occupational therapists) working on 3 internal medicine wards in a metropolitan teaching hospital in Brisbane, Australia were purposefully sampled and invited to participate in individual interviews. Questions were based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using deductive and inductive thematic methods.

Results
From 17 interviews, key themes identified that written communication about patient mobility is important and valued by clinicians; clinicians learn documentation on the job, often from physical therapists; clinicians are not aware of organizational responsibility for mobility communication; multiple purposes for written communication contribute to multiple locations and inconsistency; and clinicians perceive that improvement would require a multidisciplinary and multilevel approach. Suggestions for improvement included the use of a common language, consistent use of existing bedside communication tools, and clearer responsibility for written communication about mobility.

Conclusion
Written communication about patient mobility was valued by clinicians, and a range of barriers to effective interdisciplinary communication was identified. Clear professional roles and responsibility for written mobility communication are important. Suggestions for improvement included an interdisciplinary language supported by multidisciplinary education and organizational governance.

Impact
Written communication about patient mobility is recognized as critical to safe, high-quality hospital care. Our findings suggest that successful mobility communication improvements must involve multiple disciplines and include clear organizational governance to support staff training, clear role responsibilities, and quality monitoring.

Lay summary
This study found that staff on a medical ward think writing about mobility is important for patient and staff safety. Having clear roles and responsibilities for writing about mobility is important and consistency may be improved through education and training.
The Role of Intermediaries in Selection Markets: Evidence from Mortgage Lending
Authors: Allen Jason , Clark Robert , Houde Jean-François , Li Shaoteng , Trubnikova Anna 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We study the role of brokers in selection markets. We find broker-clients in the Canadian mortgage market are observationally different from branch-clients. They finance larger loans with more leverage and longer amortization. We build and estimate a model of mortgage demand to disentangle three possible explanations for these riskier product choices: (1) selection on observables, (2) unobserved borrower preferences for riskier loans, and (3) a causal effect of brokers. Although we find that brokers influence product choices, the main reason borrowers choose high-leverage products is unobserved preferences. Borrowers prefer larger loans and brokers facilitate qualification for them.
An artificial intelligence-based gout management system reduced chronic kidney disease incident and improved target serum urate achievement
Authors: Qi Han , Lu Jie , Dalbeth Nicola , Sun Mingshu , Liu Zhen , Ji Xiaopeng , Ji Aichang , Wang Can , Sun Wenyan , Li Xinde , He Yuwei , Cui Lingling , Han Lin , Chen Ying , Yan Fei , Zhang Yi , Terkeltaub Robert , Li Changgui 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Stage ≥3 chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects ∼25% of people with gout. The effects of urate-lowering therapy (ULT) on CKD incidence and progression have remained inconclusive. Here, we assessed the impact of a gout ULT clinic intervention using artificial intelligence (AI) on CKD incidence and achievement of serum urate (SU) target.

Methods
An observational study compared propensity score (PS)-matched gout cohorts from an AI-based Gout Intelligent Management System (GIMS) and a standard Electronic Medical Records system (EMRS) clinic database. The GIMS included a mobile application, data fusion interface and modules for expert consultation and laboratory results management. All patients had gout and a starting estimated glomerular filtration rate &gt;60 ml/min. Using a 1:2 PS-matched cohort study design, we assessed the impact of the AI-based system on CKD outcomes and ULT effectiveness over 4 years of follow-up.

Results
Compared with EMRS, GIMS was associated with reduced incidence of CKD stage ≥3. Specifically, 169/4117 new-onset CKD stage ≥3 (incidence 4.1 per 100 person-years) with GIMS compared with 164/2128 with EMRS (incidence 7.7 per 100 person-years) during follow-up. More participants achieved SU &lt;6.0 mg/dl with GIMS versus EMRS during follow-up (49.8% vs 25.9%, P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusion
Application of the artificial intelligence-based Gout Intelligent Management System was associated with lower incidence of chronic kidney disease stage ≥3 and superior target serum urate achievement in people with gout. The Gout Intelligent Management System represents a novel approach to improve real-world renal outcomes and urate-lowering therapy success in gout.
Association between depression and anxiety and inability to achieve remission in rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis
Authors: Snoeck Henkemans Selinde V J , Vis Marijn , Koc Gonul Hazal , Luime Jolanda J , Kok Marc R , Tchetverikov Ilja , van der Kooij Sjoerd M , Bijsterbosch Jessica , van der Helm-van Mil Annette H M , de Jong Pascal H P 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To investigate the association between depression and anxiety and the inability to achieve remission in RA and PsA patients. In addition, the association between depressive and anxiety symptoms and disease activity components was explored.

Methods
A total of 400 RA and 367 PsA patients from the tREACH and DEPAR were included, respectively. Patients had a possible depression or anxiety disorder if they scored &gt;7 on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Remission was defined as DAS44 &lt;1.6 in RA and DAPSA ≤ 4 in PsA. Mixed models were used to assess the association between depression/anxiety, at any timepoint during 2 years, and remission during 2 years, and to explore which disease activity components are most influenced by depression/anxiety.

Results
At baseline, 20% of RA patients had a possible depression and 30% a possible anxiety disorder. In PsA this was 18% and 23%. After adjustment for concurrent anxiety symptoms, depression was associated with a lower odds of achieving remission during 2 years of follow-up [OR 0.45 (95%CI 0.25–0.80) for RA and OR 0.24 (95%CI 0.08–0.71) for PsA]. Anxiety was not associated with remission after adjustment for concurrent depression symptoms. The presence of depression/anxiety was associated with higher tender joint count, worse general health, more pain and slightly elevated inflammation markers, but not with more swollen joints in both RA and PsA.

Conclusion
The presence of depressive symptoms in RA and PsA patients at baseline or during follow-up was associated with a lower likelihood of achieving remission. Healthcare professionals should, therefore, be aware of symptoms of depression.
Economic comparison of stocker cattle performance on winter wheat vs. summer-dormant tall fescue with nitrogen or interseeded alfalfa in the southern great plains
Authors: Adom Enoch , Biermacher Jon T , Brorsen B Wade , Interrante Sindy M , Lambert Dayton M , Butler Twain J 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a significant forage source for livestock grazing in the Southern Great Plains (SGP). However, increasing input costs and changing climate conditions compel producers and researchers to search for alternative forage systems, such as cool-season perennials. Specifically, cool-season perennials with summer dormancy traits can survive droughts in the SGP. This paper aimed to determine the net returns of three different types of cool-season perennial summer-dormant tall fescue [Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumort., nom. cons.] systems either with N fertilizer or interseeded with alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and the traditional graze-out annual winter wheat forage system. The data were from a 5-yr experiment conducted in south-central Oklahoma. Animal performance results indicated that the traditional graze-out winter annual wheat forage system provided more total gains at 434 kg ha−1 than the three tall fescue variety systems at 326 kg ha−1 (P = 0.006) due to more grazing days. Thus, the gross revenue estimated at a cost of gain of $1.60 kg−1 gain for wheat at $694 ha−1 was greater than the average gross revenue of $521 ha−1 for the tall fescue systems. However, the average total cost for the perennial tall fescue systems ($374 ha−1) was less than the total cost ($594 ha−1) of the wheat system. Overall, the average net returns were similar for all grazing systems at about $145 ha−1.
Identification of a novel mycovirus belonging to the “flexivirus”-related family with icosahedral virion
Authors: Wu Chien-Fu , Okada Ryo , Neri Uri , Chang Yi-Cheng , Ogawara Takashi , Kitaura Kentaro , Komatsu Ken , Moriyama Hiromitsu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The order Tymovirales currently comprises five viral families with positive-sense RNA [(+)RNA] genomes that infect plants, fungi, and insects. Virion morphologies within the order Tymovirales differ between families, with icosahedral virions in the Tymoviridae and filamentous virions in the other “flexi”viridae families. Despite their different morphologies, these viruses are placed in the same order based on phylogenetic analyses of replicase-associated polyproteins. However, one of the families in the Tymovirales, Deltaflexiviridae, is considered to be capsidless because there have been no published reports of virion isolation. Here, we report that a new “flexivirus”-related (+)RNA virus, prospectively named Fusarium oxysporum icosahedral virus 1 (FoIV1), is icosahedral and that most deltaflexiviruses may have icosahedral virions. Phylogenetic analyses based on replicase-associated polyproteins indicated that FoIV1 forms a distinct group in the Tymovirales with some viruses originally assigned to the Deltaflexiviridae. Electron microscopy, protein analysis, and protein structure predictions indicate that FoIV1 open reading frame 4 encodes a single jelly-roll (SJR)-like coat protein (CP) that constitutes the icosahedral virions. Results of clustering analyses based on amino acid sequences and predicted CP structures suggested that most of the deltaflexiviruses have icosahedral virions composed of SJR-like CPs as in FoIV1, rather than having filamentous virions or capsidless. These results challenge the conventional understanding of viruses in the order Tymovirales, with important implications for revising its taxonomic framework and providing insights into the evolutionary relationships within this diverse and broad host range group of (+)RNA viruses.