bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prospects for the Development of Genealogy in Russia as a Socio-Cultural Institution
Authors: Abramova M. A. 
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Based on a generalization of approaches to defining the concept of “sociocultural institution” and highlighting its inherent characteristics, in this article the author attempts to identify the status of genealogical research in Russia, which attracts an interest from an increasing number of people. The main goal and task set by the author is to determine the prospects for the development of genealogical research in Russia and the possibility of transforming its status to the level of a sociocultural institution. Methodology and sources. The author relies on the works of domestic and foreign researchers on the problem of institutionalization in culture (such as M. Weber, Au. Comte, M. Hauriou, E. Durkheim, P. Sorokin, A.A. Radugin, O.A. Radugina, etc.), on the problems of human satisfaction of values (G. Hegel and K. Marx). The author also used articles and abstracts of dissertations on genealogy from 2000 to 2024, materials of social networks and podcasts: “GEN-TOK”, “History of you & GENTECH”, “Living Book” by I. Bivol, electronic journal “Genealogy for the whole family”, etc., video materials of GENTECH festivals. Results and discussion. When considering the main features of a sociocultural institution and drawing a parallel with the level of demand for genealogical research, the author focuses on the diversity of meanings in the content of the activities carried out by participants in this process. Summarizing the functions that genealogical research could perform in the formation of spiritual and moral values of society, the author draw the parallel with the provisions of Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of February 28, 2024 N 145 “On the Strategy for Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation”. Conclusion. The results of the study allowed us to conclude that genealogical research in Russia is currently more of a sociocultural activity, about which we have heard a lot and know little. It has not become a familiar form, and, therefore, in demand and understandable for the majority of Russian families, but it has every chance of becoming not only a factor in their unity and the formation of historical memory, but also a traditional socio-cultural activity that is the norm in society, and not the exception.
The influence of emotional intelligence and peer social support on subjective well-being in early adolescents at SMP Istiqomah Sambas Boarding School Purbalingga
Authors: Sri Muspitasari  , Nia Anggri Noveni  , Suwarti  , Gisella Arnis Grafiyana  
Published: November 2024

Adolescence is a period of development marked by upheaval and conflict, which can explain the problems experienced by students at Islamic boarding schools. This is related to students' comfort while living in Islamic boarding schools, which can reduce the level of subjective well-being of teenagers. This research examined the influence of emotional intelligence and peer social support on subjective well-being in early adolescents at SMP Istiqomah Samabas Boarding school Purbalingga. This research uses a quantitative approach with multiple linear regression analysis methods. This research used a saturated sampling technique in which the entire population was sampled, a total of 118 students, with 60 male students and 58 female students. The measuring instruments used are the subjective well-being scale (SwLS and SPANE), the emotional intelligence scale (EII), and the peer social support scale (SSSS). This research shows a significant influence between emotional intelligence and peer social support on subjective well-being, with a value of F=18.158, P=0.000, and R Square of 0.240, meaning that emotional intelligence and peer social support contribute 24% to subjective well-being. It is essential to carry out positive activities to develop emotional intelligence and team activities to foster a sense of friendship to increase high subjective well-being.
Investigating the Performance of Self-compacting Concrete Exposed to Hot Weather
Authors: Salhi Mohamed , Ben Addi Hachemi , Boubekeur Toufik 
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the behavior of concrete in a real environment with a temperature exceeding 35 °C in the shade. It focuses on the rheological behavior of self-compacting concrete (SCC) and its ability to maintain its self-compacting aspect over time, compared to ordinary concrete (C3). The research also examines the impact of limestone fillers on SCC's fluidity in hot climates. In the hardened state, the study emphasizes concrete durability against sulfate and acid attacks and their effects on its microstructure. Three types of concrete were studied such as SCC without addition (C1), SCC with 15% of limestone fillers (C2), and (C3), were tested in terms of fresh and hardened states, along with durability against acid and sulfate attacks. Results showed that SCC in a hot climate maintained its self-compacting properties up to 25 minutes after mixing. However, over time, the fluidity of SCC with limestone fillers decreased noticeably and faster. The aging of concrete exposed to sulfuric acid in a hot and dry climate for six months was more intense than with sodium sulfate.
Early immune profiling reveals distinct inflammatory responses between children and adults few days after primary SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Van de Garde Martijn D. B. , Miranda-Bedate Alberto , Nanlohy Nening M. , Jacobi Ronald H. J. , Meijer Adam , Reukers Daphne F. M. , Van Beek Josine , Van Els Cecile A. C. M. , Van Baarle Debbie , Rots Nynke Y. , De Wit Jelle , Pinelli Elena 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundTo date, it is still not clear why during the COVID-19 pandemic children generally developed no or milder symptoms compared to adults. As innate immune responses are crucial in the early defense against pathogens, we aimed at profiling these responses from both adults and children with a primary SARS-CoV-2 infection.MethodsIn the first months of the pandemic, PBMCs and serum were collected from peripheral blood of adults and children at different time points after testing SARS-CoV-2 PCR positive (PCR+). The levels of SARS-CoV-2 Spike-specific IgG were measured in serum. The cells were cultured for 24 hours in medium only, with heat inactivated SARS-CoV-2 (iSARS-CoV-2) or toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands. The levels of secreted cytokines/chemokines as well as monocyte phenotype were determined.ResultsFew days after testing PCR+, PBMCs from PCR+ children secreted higher levels of cytokines/chemokines compared to PCR+ adults, after these cells were incubated either in medium only or after stimulation with iSARS-CoV-2 or TLR ligands. Furthermore, PBMCs from children stimulated with iSARS-CoV-2 secreted significantly higher levels of IL-10 and GM-CSF compared to PBMCs from control children. In contrast, PBMCs from the PCR+ adults secreted lower levels of IL-8 compared to adult controls. Phenotypic analysis of monocytes indicates a smaller proportion non-classical monocytes for adults compared to children. The distinct cytokine profiles, symptom severity, and the proportion of non-classical monocytes correlated to each other. The levels of Spike-specific IgG overtime did not significantly differ between children and adults.ConclusionsWithin the first week after testing PCR+, children showed a stronger inflammatory innate immune profile and experienced less severe symptoms compared to adults. Our data implies correlations between the secretion of cytokines/chemokines, proportion of non-classical monocytes, and symptoms severity. These findings enhance our understanding of the distinct pediatric and adult innate immune profile after SARS-CoV-2 infection and contributes to the knowledge necessary to improve future prevention strategies.
Case report: Pediatric patient with severe clinical course of CTLA-4 insufficiency treated with HSCT
Authors: Drabko Katarzyna , Zarychta Julia , Kowalczyk Adrian , Cienkusz Magdalena 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundCytotoxic T lymphocyte–associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) insufficiency is a rare disease belonging to inborn errors of immunity. Most cases of patients with CTLA-4 insufficiency are diagnosed in adults, therefore it is not a common problem in the clinical practice of pediatricians. However, it is worth noticing that most cases described in the literature show the first symptoms of the disease before the age of 18, but the phenotypic variability of patients complicates and delays the diagnostic process.Case descriptionHerein, we report a case of an almost 4-year-old patient whose first symptom of CTLA-4 insufficiency was thrombocytopenia after an upper respiratory tract infection, suggesting the diagnosis of primary immune thrombocytopenia, often occurring in pediatric patients. Due to the addition of symptoms suggesting a proliferative disease in this patient (pancytopenia, enlargement of lymph nodes, liver and spleen), a bone marrow biopsy was performed 11 months later, which did not confirm a hematopoietic tumor. Two years after the first symptoms appeared, the patient was referred for next-generation sequencing genetic testing, which confirmed the presence of a pathological CTLA-4 variant (c.356T&gt;C). Due to the patient’s lack of response to the pharmacological treatment and the intensification of autoimmune symptoms that threatened the patient’s life, the patient underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) 34 months after the first occurrence of symptoms. After HSCT, the patient is alive and does not present any symptoms of autoimmunity.ConclusionsThe first symptoms of some diseases classified as inborn errors of immunity are non-specific and may delay the final diagnosis. Therefore, it seems extremely important that practicing pediatricians should take into account inborn errors of immunity in the differential diagnosis of autoimmune diseases.
Estimation of PfRh5-based vaccine efficacy in asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum patients from high-endemic areas of Tanzania using genetic and antigenicity variation screening
Authors: Jun Hojong , Mazigo Ernest , Lee Wang-Jong , Louis Johnsy Mary , Syahada Jadidan Hada , Fitriana Fadhila , Heo Jin , Kim Yeonkyung , Kwon Boeun , Muh Fauzi , Lu Feng , Ahmed Md Atique , Lee Se Jin , Na Sunghun , Chun Wanjoo , Park Won Sun , Hong Min , Han Joon-Hee , Kwon Tae-Hyung , Lee Soo-Ung , Han Eun-Teak , Todd Jim , Manjurano Alphaxard , Kidima Winifrida , Han Jin-Hee 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundPlasmodium falciparum is the most lethal malaria parasite. Recent phase 1b vaccine trials using P. falciparum reticulocyte binding protein homolog 5 (PfRh5) demonstrated safety and promising efficacy in preventing merozoite invasion. PfRh5 has emerged as a strong vaccine candidate due to its essential role in merozoite invasion and limited sequence variation. For effective malaria vaccine development, especially in high-transmission settings, strain-transcending activity must be considered. Ongoing monitoring of antigenic variation and natural immune responses is important to estimate vaccine efficacy across geographically diverse populations.MethodsSamples for this study were collected from four villages in each of the Kigoma and Geita regions, known malaria transmission hotspots in Tanzania. This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2022 to July 2023. Genetic variation and natural selection pressure on pfrh5 were analyzed in 164 asymptomatic P. falciparum isolates. The humoral immune response to PfRh5 was also assessed using a protein microarray with 242 sera samples from asymptomatic patients in the same population. Finally, a correlation analysis was conducted to compare pfrh5 genetic variation with the humoral immune response.ResultsThe results revealed that pfrh5 was well conserved, but novel non-synonymous mutations were found at D65H, H170N, and I227M. Additionally, natural selection metrics indicated the potential for positive selection and a recent population expansion of PfRh5 in the study area, both of which could influence vaccine effectiveness. Antigenicity screening revealed variable sensitivity, ranging from 3.3% in Bunyambo to 82.8% in Rwantaba, with no significant relationship between antigenicity and parasitemia, haplotypes, or gender. However, age was significantly associated with humoral immune response (ρ = 0.170, p = 0.008).ConclusionsThese findings underscore the need for future PfRh5-based vaccines to consider for increasing genetic variation and geographical differences in humoral immune responses.
Machine learning based ultrasomics noninvasive predicting EGFR expression status in hepatocellular carcinoma patients
Authors: Ma Yujing , Duan Shaobo , Ren Shanshan , Bu Didi , Li Yahong , Cai Xiguo , Zhang Lianzhong 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveTo investigate the ability of ultrasomics to noninvasively predict epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression status in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods198 HCC patients were comprised in the study (n = 138 in the training dataset and n = 60 in the test dataset). EGFR expression was detected by immunohistochemistry. Ultrasomics features from gray-scale ultrasound images were extracted. Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) screening, variance filtering, mutual information method, and extreme gradient boosting (XGboost) embedding method were applied for selecting the best features. Random forest (RF), XGBoost, support vector machine (SVM), decision tree (DT), and logistic regression (LR) 5 machine learning algorithms were used to construct clinical models, ultrasomics models, and clinical-ultrasomics combined models, respectively. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, decision curve analysis (DCA), and calibration curve were used to assess the predictive performance of the model.ResultsIn 198 patients, high EGFR expression was observed in 100 patients and low EGFR expression was observed in 98 patients. The RF machine learning ultrasomics model was found to perform well, with the AUC of the training and test dataset being 0.929 (95%CI, 0.874–0.966) and 0.807 (95%CI, 0.684–0.897) respectively, the sensitivity being 0.843 and 0.767 respectively, the specificity being 0.857 and 0.800 respectively, and the accuracy being 0.850 and 0.783, respectively. The predictive performance of the combined model established by integrating ultrasomics features and clinical baseline characteristics was improved, with the AUC, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the RF machine learning combined model for the training and test dataset reaching 0.937 (95%CI, 0.884–0.971), 0.822 (95%CI, 0.702–0.909); 0.857, 0.833; 0.857, 0.800; 0.857, 0.817, respectively.ConclusionTo predict the status of EGFR expression in HCC patients, the ultrasomics model and combined model created by five machine learning algorithms can be utilized as efficient and noninvasive techniques, and the ultrasomics model and combined model established by RF classifier have the best predictive performance.
Response and adaptation of the transcriptional heat shock response to pressure
Authors: Coffin Carleton H. , Fisher Luke A. , Crippen Sara , Demers Phoebe , Bartlett Douglas H. , Royer Catherine A. 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionThe molecular mechanisms underlying pressure adaptation remain largely unexplored, despite their significance for understanding biological adaptation and improving sterilization methods in the food and beverage industry. The heat shock response leads to a global stabilization of the proteome. Prior research suggested that the heat shock regulon may exhibit a transcriptional response to high-pressure stress.MethodsIn this study, we investigated the pressure-dependent heat shock response in E. coli strains using plasmid-borne green fluorescent protein (GFP) promoter fusions and fluorescence fluctuation microscopy.ResultsWe quantitatively confirm that key heat shock genes-rpoH, rpoE, dnaK, and groEL - are transcriptionally upregulated following pressure shock in both piezosensitive Escherichia coli and a more piezotolerant laboratory-evolved strain, AN62. Our quantitative imaging results provide the first single cell resolution measurements for both the heat shock and pressure shock transcriptional responses, revealing not only the magnitude of the responses, but also the biological variance involved. Moreover, our results demonstrate distinct responses in the pressure-adapted strain. Specifically, PgroEL is upregulated more than PdnaK in AN62, while the reverse is true in the parental strain. Furthermore, unlike in the parental strain, the pressure-induced upregulation of PrpoE is highly stochastic in strain AN62, consistent with a strong feedback mechanism and suggesting that RpoE could act as a pressure sensor.DiscussionDespite its capacity to grow at pressures up to 62 MPa, the AN62 genome shows minimal mutations, with notable single nucleotide substitutions in genes of the transcriptionally important b subunit of RNA polymerase and the Rho terminator. In particular, the mutation in RNAP is one of a cluster of mutations known to confer rifampicin resistance to E. coli via modification of RNAP pausing and termination efficiency. The observed differences in the pressure and heat shock responses between the parental MG1655 strain and the pressure-adapted strain AN62 could arise in part from functional differences in their RNAP molecules.
In vitro activities of eravacycline against clinical bacterial isolates: a multicenter study in Guangdong, China
Authors: Liao Xiaoyan , Liang Qianwen , Dai Xinlu , Wu Shigang , Duan Chaohui , Luo Zhaofan , Xie Xiaoying 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionEravacycline (ERV), a novel tetracycline derivative, exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, but data on the bacterial activity against Chinese bacterial isolates are very scarce. This study aims to evaluate the activity of eravacycline against the common Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria isolates in Guangdong, China.MethodsThe clinical isolates were collected from four centers between 1 November 2023 and 31 January 2024, and the susceptibility of eravacycline (MIC50, MIC90, and MIC) was determined using broth microdilution as a reference method and E-TEST strips to evaluate their consistency. A total of 594 strains were collected from the four centers, including Staphylococcus aureus (n = 126), Enterococcus faecalis (n = 58), Enterococcus faecium (n = 29), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 136), Escherichia coli (n = 187), and Acinetobacter baumannii (n = 58).Results and discussionThe MIC50 and MIC90 (mg/L) of eravacycline were 0.12 and 1 for S. aureus, 0.06 and 0.12 for E. faecalis, 0.06 and 0.5 for E. faecium, 0.25 and 0.5 for E. coli, 0.5 and 2 for K. pneumoniae, and 0.25 and 2 for A. baumannii. Based on the FDA and EUCAST breakpoints, the susceptibility of eravacycline against S. aureus was 46.03% vs. 83.33%, 56.90% vs. 94.93% against E. faecalis, and 62.07% vs. 79.31% in E. faecium. The susceptibility rates of E. coli and K. pneumoniae were 90.37% and 58.09, respectively. To evaluate the performance between the broth microdilution test (BMD) and ETEST methods, we compared essential agreement (EA), categorical agreement (CA), very major error (VME), and major error (ME). The results demonstrated that compared with BMD, eravacycline measured by ETEST had higher VME and ME referring to FDA breakpoints than EUCAST breakpoints in the Gram-positive isolates. Since there were no intermediate breakpoints for the eravacycline, the MIC values measured by the ETEST method might result in lower CA and higher VME and ME. This study provides MIC values of eravacycline against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens in four hospitals in Guangdong Province, and eravacycline is an effective therapeutic candidate for common bacteria.
Real-time location of acupuncture points based on anatomical landmarks and pose estimation models
Authors: Malekroodi Hadi Sedigh , Seo Seon-Deok , Choi Jinseong , Na Chang-Soo , Lee Byeong-il , Yi Myunggi 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionPrecise identification of acupuncture points (acupoints) is essential for effective treatment, but manual location by untrained individuals can often lack accuracy and consistency. This study proposes two approaches that use artificial intelligence (AI) specifically computer vision to automatically and accurately identify acupoints on the face and hand in real-time, enhancing both precision and accessibility in acupuncture practices.MethodsThe first approach applies a real-time landmark detection system to locate 38 specific acupoints on the face and hand by translating anatomical landmarks from image data into acupoint coordinates. The second approach uses a convolutional neural network (CNN) specifically optimized for pose estimation to detect five key acupoints on the arm and hand (LI11, LI10, TE5, TE3, LI4), drawing on constrained medical imaging data for training. To validate these methods, we compared the predicted acupoint locations with those annotated by experts.ResultsBoth approaches demonstrated high accuracy, with mean localization errors of less than 5 mm when compared to expert annotations. The landmark detection system successfully mapped multiple acupoints across the face and hand even in complex imaging scenarios. The data-driven approach accurately detected five arm and hand acupoints with a mean Average Precision (mAP) of 0.99 at OKS 50%.DiscussionThese AI-driven methods establish a solid foundation for the automated localization of acupoints, enhancing both self-guided and professional acupuncture practices. By enabling precise, real-time localization of acupoints, these technologies could improve the accuracy of treatments, facilitate self-training, and increase the accessibility of acupuncture. Future developments could expand these models to include additional acupoints and incorporate them into intuitive applications for broader use.