bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Caloric restriction increases lifespan but affects brain integrity in grey mouse lemur primates
Authors: Pifferi Fabien , Terrien Jérémy , Marchal Julia , Dal-Pan Alexandre , Djelti Fathia , Hardy Isabelle , Chahory Sabine , Cordonnier Nathalie , Desquilbet Loïc , Hurion Murielle , Zahariev Alexandre , Chery Isabelle , Zizzari Philippe , Perret Martine , Epelbaum Jacques , Blanc Stéphane , Picq Jean-Luc , Dhenain Marc , Aujard Fabienne 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe health benefits of chronic caloric restriction resulting in lifespan extension are well established in many short-lived species, but the effects in humans and other primates remain controversial. Here we report the most advanced survival data and the associated follow-up to our knowledge of age-related alterations in a cohort of grey mouse lemurs (Microcebus murinus, lemurid primate) exposed to a chronic moderate (30%) caloric restriction. Compared to control animals, caloric restriction extended lifespan by 50% (from 6.4 to 9.6 years, median survival), reduced aging-associated diseases and preserved loss of brain white matter in several brain regions. However, caloric restriction accelerated loss of grey matter throughout much of the cerebrum. Cognitive and behavioural performances were, however, not modulated by caloric restriction. Thus chronic moderate caloric restriction can extend lifespan and enhance health of a primate, but it affects brain grey matter integrity without affecting cognitive performances.
Triplicate parallel life cycle divergence despite gene flow in periodical cicadas
Authors: Fujisawa Tomochika , Koyama Takuya , Kakishima Satoshi , Cooley John R. , Simon Chris , Yoshimura Jin , Sota Teiji 
Published: April 2018

AbstractPeriodical cicadas comprise three species groups containing three pairs of 13- and 17-year life cycle species showing parallel divergence, along with a more anciently diverged 13-year species (Magicicda tredecim). The mechanism and genetic basis of this parallel divergence is unknown. Here we use orthologous transcriptome sequences to explore the demographic processes and genomic evolution associated with parallel life cycle divergence. The three 13- and 17-year species pairs have similar demographic histories, and the two life cycles diverged 200,000–100,000 years ago. Interestingly, these life cycle differences have been maintained despite substantial gene flow between 13- and 17-year species within species groups, which is possible during co-emergences. Sequence divergence between 13- and 17-year species in each species group (excluding M. tredecim) is minimal, and we find no shared divergent single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or loci associated with all instances of life cycle divergence. The two life cycles may be controlled by highly limited genomic differences.
Adaptive aromaticity in S0 and T1 states of pentalene incorporating 16 valence electron osmium
Authors: Chen Dandan , Shen Ting , An Ke , Zhu Jun 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAromaticity is a fundamental chemical concept of ever-increasing diversity. According to Hückel’s and Baird’s rules, cyclic conjugated species with 4n+2 π-electrons are aromatic in the singlet electronic ground state (S0) and antiaromatic in the lowest triplet state (T1), and vice-versa. Thus, species with aromaticity in both states have not yet been reported. Here we carry out density functional theory calculations on recently synthesized organometallics, namely osmapentalyne and osmapentalenes, and demonstrate the first example (16-electron osmapentalene) of aromaticity in both S0 and T1 states, which we term adaptive aromaticity. Further electronic structure analysis reveals that the excitation pattern for the formation of the T1 state plays a crucial role in the achievement of adaptive aromaticity. Our findings highlight the role of a transition metal in unorthodox excitation behavior, and may aid the design of adaptive aromatics for photochemical and molecular magnetism applications.
Structure of X-ray emitting jets close to the launching site: from embedded to disk-bearing sources
Authors: Ustamujic S. , Orlando S. , Bonito R. , Miceli M. , Gómez de Castro A. I. 
Published: April 2018

Context. Several observations of stellar jets show evidence of X-ray emitting shocks close to the launching site. In some cases, including young stellar objects (YSOs) at different stages of evolution, the shocked features appear to be stationary. We study two cases, both located in the Taurus star-forming region. HH 154, the jet originating from the embedded binary Class 0/I protostar IRS 5, and the jet associated with DG Tau, a more evolved Class II disk-bearing source or classical T Tauri star (CTTS).
Aims. We investigate the effect of perturbations in X-ray emitting stationary shocks in stellar jets and the stability and detectability in X-rays of these shocks, and we explore the differences in jets from Class 0 to Class II sources.
Methods. We performed a set of 2.5D magnetohydrodynamic numerical simulations that model supersonic jets ramming into a magnetized medium. The jet is formed of two components: a continuously driven component that forms a quasi-stationary shock at the base of the jet and a pulsed component consisting of blobs perturbing the shock. We explored different parameters for the two components. We studied two cases: HH 154, a light jet (less dense than the ambient medium), and a heavy jet (denser than the ambient medium) associated with DG Tau. We synthesized the count rate from the simulations and compared these data with available Chandra observations.
Results. Our model is able to reproduce the observed jet properties at different evolutionary phases (in particular, for HH 154 and DG Tau) and can explain the formation of X-ray emitting quasi-stationary shocks observed at the base of jets in a natural way. The jet is collimated by the magnetic field forming a quasi-stationary shock at the base which emits in X-rays even when perturbations formed by a train of blobs are present. We found similar collimation mechanisms dominating in both heavy and light jets.
Conclusions. We derived the physical parameters that can give rise to X-ray emission consistent with observations of HH 154 and DG Tau. We have also performed a wide exploration of the parameter space characterizing the model; this can be a useful tool to study and diagnose the physical properties of YSO jets over a broad range of physical conditions, from embedded to disk-bearing sources. We show that luminosity does not change significantly in variable jet models for the range of parameters explored. Finally, we provide an estimation of the maximum perturbations that can be present in HH 154 and DG Tau taking into account the available X-ray observations.
Einfühlen statt anleiten
Authors: Textor Reinhard 
Published: April 2018

SummaryEchtes Zuhören, Verständnis und Spiegeln liefern die wichtigsten Instrumente der klientenzentrierten Gesprächspsychotherapie nach Carl Rogers. Die drei grundlegenden Behandlungsprinzipien sind Authentizität (Kongruenz), akzeptierende Grundhaltung und empathisches Verstehen. Durch Selbsterkenntnis lässt sich die unbewusste Spannung zwischen natürlichem Selbst und dem durch Anpassung entwickelten Selbstkonzept lösen.
Vorwärts zu unseren Wurzeln – Irisdiagnostik und Humoralmedizin
Authors: Garvelmann Friedemann 
Published: April 2018

SummaryDie Irisdiagnostik eignet sich nicht als organotrope Diagnostik entsprechend der konventionellen Krankheitslehre. Sie entfaltet ihre diagnostische Aussagekraft nur, wenn man die Iriszeichen humoralmedizinisch interpretiert. Sie kann Auskunft über die konstitutionellen Aspekte geben und beim Erstellen eines individuellen Therapieplans hilfreich sein.
Duodenocolonic Fistula As A Rare Complication of Intestinal Burkitt Lymphoma in a Three-Year-Old Boy
Authors: Okuda Kenichi , Laass Martin , Schuchardt Katrin , Lange Björn , Knöfler Ralf , Fitze Guido , Woessmann Wilhelm , Suttorp Meinolf 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Background Burkitt lymphoma (BL) in children often presents with abdominal localization. Intestinal perforations have been described mainly during treatment. We report on a three-year-old patient with abdominal BL who was diagnosed with a duodenocolonic fistula.
Case report A three-year-old boy presented with diarrhea, crampy abdominal pain, and a four-week history of loss of appetite and weight. Ultrasound and MRI detected a colonic tumor forming a duodenocolonic fistula which was verified by gastroduodenoscopy. A surgical biopsy revealed BL. The stage III BL with low LDH was treated with four courses of BFM-type short-pulse chemotherapy. After two courses of chemotherapy the patient developed a mechanic ileus. A segmental resection of a short segment of the colon at the right flexure carrying the residual tumor mass with cicatricial stenosis and fistula followed by colonic end to end anastomosis and covering of the fistula by omentum major were carried out without complication. 15 days after surgery, two additional courses of chemotherapy could be administrated and the boy is in ongoing remission and free of any symptoms with a follow-up interval of 18 months.
Conclusions Duodeonocolonic fistula at presentation in a child with abdominal BL is extremely rare. Delayed surgery after size of the tumor bulk has been reduced by chemotherapy might represent a risk adapted approach. However, due to limited experience with duodenocolonic fistulas even in larger pediatric lymphoma trials any decision has to be based on the problems to be faced in individual cases.
Skeletal Rearrangements as Strategies for the Total Syntheses of Indole Alkaloids
Authors: Zu Liansuo , Xie Xiaoni 
Published: April 2018

In this account, we summarize our recent efforts in the total syntheses of several indole alkaloids, including minfiensine, calophyline A, deformylcorymine, strictamine, and goniomitine. Our central theme is to utilize skeletal rearrangements as key strategies for generating complex structures.1	Introduction2	The Development of an Aza-Pinacol Rearrangement3	Applications of Aza-Pinacol Rearrangements in Total ­Syntheses4	Strategy Extension: The Total Synthesis of Goniomitine5	Conclusion
Risk Assessment and Management of Venous Thromboembolism in Women during Pregnancy and Puerperium (SAVE): An International, Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Gris Jean-Christophe , Aoun Joseph , Rzaguliyeva Leyla , Begum Rowshan , Salah Hassan , Tugushi Tatia , Ghani-Chabouk Mohammed , Zibdeh Mazen , Jassar Waleed , Abboud Joe , Meziane Nadia , Ajayi Godwin-Olufemi , Hossain Nazli , Pyregov Alexey , Abduljabbar Hassan , Snyman Leon , Rachdi Radhouane , Tahlak Muna-Abdulrazzaq , Najmutdinova Dilbar ,   the SAVE Study Group
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe clinical burden of obstetric venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk is inadequately established. This study assessed the prevalence and management of VTE risk during pregnancy and postpartum outside the Western world. This international, noninterventional study enrolled adult women with objectively confirmed pregnancy attending prenatal care/obstetric centers across 18 countries in Africa, Eurasia, Middle-East, and South Asia. Evaluations included proportions of at-risk women, prophylaxis as per international guidelines, prophylaxis type, factors determining prophylaxis, and physicians' awareness about VTE risk management guidelines and its impact on treatment decision. Data were analyzed globally and regionally. Physicians (N = 181) screened 4,978 women, and 4,010 were eligible. Of these, 51.4% were at risk (Eurasia, 90%; South Asia, 19.9%), mostly mild in intensity; >90% received prophylaxis as per the guidelines (except South Asia, 77%). Women in Eurasia and South Asia received both pharmacological and mechanical prophylaxes (>55%), while pharmacological prophylaxis (>50%) predominated in Africa and the Middle-East. Low-molecular-weight heparin was the pharmacological agent of choice. Prophylaxis decision was influenced by ethnicity, assisted reproductive techniques, caesarean section, and persistent moderate/high titer of anticardiolipin antibodies, though variable across regions. Prophylaxis decision in at-risk women was similar, irrespective of physicians' awareness of guidelines (except South Asia). A majority (>80%) of the physicians claimed to follow the guidelines. More than 50% of women during pregnancy and postpartum were at risk of VTE, and >90% received prophylaxis as per the guidelines. Physicians are generally aware of VTE risk and comply with guidelines while prescribing prophylaxis, although regional variations necessitate efforts to improve implementation of the guidelines.
Early P2Y12 Inhibitors Escalation in Primary PCI Patients: Insights from the RENOVAMI Registry
Authors: Bona Roberta , Meliga Emanuele , Capodanno Davide , Schaffer Alon , Bongo Angelo , Gaudio Giovanni , Guasti Luigina , Alexopoulos Dimitrios , Valgimigli Marco , Porto Italo , Lupi Alessandro 
Published: April 2018

Background Early escalation from clopidogrel to new generation P2Y12 inhibitors is common practice in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI). Real-world data about this strategy, however, are limited.
Methods From 2012 to 2015, 1,057 consecutive STEMI patients treated with pPCI in an Italian hub-and-spoke network were prospectively included in an observational registry (RENOVAMI, ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01760382). We compared the prevalence, predictive factors and in-hospital outcomes of patients escalated to a new generation P2Y12 inhibitor within the first 24 hours from pPCI with those continuing on admission antiplatelet therapy.
Results In the first 24 hours after pPCI, 165 patients (15.6%) were escalated from clopidogrel to a new generation P2Y12 inhibitor, while de-escalation to clopidogrel was occasional (19 patients, 1.8%) and switch between new generation P2Y12 inhibitors was rare (8 patients, 0.8%, all from ticagrelor to prasugrel). Drug eluting stent use (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 2.19, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.55–3.08, p = 0.0002) and impaired renal function (adjusted OR, 0.19, 95% CI, 0.05–0.77, p = 0.02) were the only independent predictive factors for the decision to escalate. After adjustment for potential confounders, escalation did not predict in-hospital outcomes, whereas the overall use of new generation P2Y12 inhibitors was correlated with a better in-hospital survival (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.47, 95% CI, 0.25–0.91, p = 0.03). Moreover, escalation did not influence bleeding rates.
Conclusions In this prospective registry of STEMI patients treated with pPCI and contemporary antiplatelet therapy, early escalation to a new generation P2Y12 inhibitor appeared safe and did not significantly affect in-hospital bleeding rates.
Hautmanifestationen rheumatischer Erkrankungen
Authors: Herzer P. 
Published: April 2018

ZusammenfassungBei nahezu allen rheumatologischen Erkrankungen sind Hautmanifestationen möglich. Die Morphe der Hauterscheinungen ist in der Regel weit spezifischer als die mit der Erkrankung assoziierten rheumatologischen Symptome. Die Zusammenschau von Symptomen der Haut und der rheumatologischen Symptomatik ist oft der Schlüssel zur Diagnose entzündlicher Systemerkrankungen. Der Fokus dieser Arbeit ist die Sicht eines Rheumatologen auf die Haut vorwiegend unter dem Aspekt diagnostischer Leitsymptome bei rheumatologischen Erkrankungen.
Aktuelle Leitlinie zur Therapie der Uveitis bei juveniler idiopathischer Arthritis
Authors: Minden K. , Tappeiner C. , Lehmann H. , Heiligenhaus A. ,   Leitliniengruppe
Published: April 2018

Zusammenfassung
Zielsetzung: Aktualisierung der bestehenden deutschsprachigen interdisziplinären Leitlinie zur Therapie der juvenilen idiopathischen Arthritis (JIA)-assoziierten Uveitis aufgrund der aktuellen Literatur.
Material und Methoden: Die Leitliniengruppe bestand aus Delegierten der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft, der Gesellschaft für Kinder- und Jugendrheumatologie, der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Rheumatologie, des Berufsverbandes der Augenärzte Deutschlands und Patientenvertretern. Die Methodik umfasste eine systematische Literaturrecherche, eine Graduierung von Evidenz und Empfehlungen, eine Konsensusfindung mittels nominalem Gruppenprozess und Delphirunden und eine externe Begutachtung.
Ergebnisse: Entsprechend dem individuellen Schweregrad der Uveitis kann eine qualitative hochwertige Versorgung der Patienten erzielt werden. Berücksichtigung finden Kortikosteroide, konventionell synthetische (cs) und biologische (b) disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs), einschließlich TNF-α-Inhibitoren (z. B. Adalimumab, Golimumab, Infliximab), Tocilizumab, Abatacept und Rituximab.
Schlussfolgerungen: Mit der Leitlinie wird ein aktueller Therapiealgorithmus mit Darstellung als Flussdiagramm erarbeitet.
Reliability of Intraoperative Knee Range of Motion Measurements by Goniometer Compared with Robot-Assisted Arthroplasty
Authors: Kwon Hyuck , Yang Ick-Hwan , Lee Woo-Suk , Yu Alvin , Oh Sang , Park Kwan 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAccurate measurement of knee range of motion (ROM) is critical to predict the outcomes of knee surgery and prognosis. We investigated the reliability of knee ROM measurements by goniometer compared with robotic system. Fifty-three patients with medial osteoarthritis who were planning to undergo unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) with robotic UKA were prospectively enrolled. During the operation, knee ROM measurement was performed in both flexion and extension before and after insertion of the implant using both a goniometer and robotic system. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of extension measured by the goniometer and robotic system showed good agreement; however, the ICC of flexion did not show good agreement. During passive flexion, the mean values measured before insertion of the implant were significantly lower by goniometer (134.6 ± 6.43) than by robot (145.4 ± 6.80; p = 0.017); likewise, the mean values after insertion of the implant were significantly lower by goniometer (138.6 ± 6.07) than by robotic system (147.0 ± 6.60; p = 0.045). A goniometer can underestimate knee ROM measurements compared with robotic system, especially in flexion. Orthopaedic surgeons should be cautious when measuring the flexion angle with a goniometer.
A Meta-Analysis Comparing Liposomal Bupivacaine and Traditional Periarticular Injection for Pain Control after Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Sun Hao , Huang Zhiyu , Zhang Zhiqi , Liao Weiming 
Published: April 2018

AbstractLiposomal bupivacaine is a novel method for pain control after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), but recent studies showed no advantage for patients undergoing TKA compared with traditional periarticular injection (PAI). The purpose of this analysis was to compare the clinical outcomes between liposomal bupivacaine treatment and traditional PAI. We retrospectively reviewed data from 16 clinical trials in published databases from their inception to June 2017. The primary outcome was postoperative Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score and secondary outcomes included opiate usage, narcotic consumption, range of motion, and length of stay. Nine randomized controlled trials and seven nonrandomized controlled trials involving 924 liposomal bupivacaine cases and 1,293 traditional PAI cases were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. No differences were detected in most of the clinical outcomes, except for postoperative VAS within 12 hours and length of stay. This analysis showed that liposomal bupivacaine is not associated with significant improvement in postoperative pain control or other outcomes in TKA compared with PAI.
Where is the Target Point to Prevent Cortical Hinge Fracture in Medial Closing-Wedge Distal Femoral Varus Osteotomy?
Authors: Nha Kyung-Wook , Chang Yong , Shon Oog-Jin , Shim Bum-Jin , Lee Jong , Song Jun , Bae Ji-Hoon 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate whether the location of the hinge affects the incidence of hinge fracture during medial closing-wedge distal femoral varus osteotomy (DFVO). Twenty knees from 10 fresh-frozen human cadavers (mean age, 75 ± 17 years) were used to perform uniplanar medial closing-wedge DFVO with a 7-mm wedge. Each specimen was randomly assigned to either group A (supracondylar hinge) or group B (lateral condylar hinge). The incidence of hinge fracture and stability was compared between both groups after uniplanar medial closing-wedge DFVO. In group A, 8 of 10 knees had a lateral cortex fracture during closure of the osteotomy gap, and all fractured knees were unstable. Two knees with an intact lateral cortical hinge showed stability under manual valgus and varus forces. After intentional breakage of the lateral cortical hinge, both knees were found to be unstable under the same force. In group B, 2 of 10 knees had a lateral cortex fracture, and 8 knees had no fractures. All specimens were found to be stable under manual valgus and varus forces. After intentional breakage of the lateral cortical hinge in group B, 2 knees were unstable, while 8 knees remained stable. This study showed a significantly higher incidence of lateral cortical hinge fracture and instability in group A than in group B during closure of the osteotomy gap.
Five-Strand Hamstring Autograft in Primary Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Krishna Lingaraj , Tan Xin Yang , Thangaraja Acksen , Wong Francis 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to describe our surgical technique of using five-strand hamstring autograft with interference screw fixation in primary anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and to report the early postoperative outcomes of this technique. Patients who underwent primary ACL reconstruction using five-strand hamstring autografts with interference screw fixation between December 2014 and June 2016 were included in this study. The five-strand configuration was used in these patients because the four-strand configuration produced a graft diameter of less than 8 mm. Subjective questionnaires, including the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and the Lysholm Score, were administered preoperatively, as well as at 1- and 2-year follow-ups. Paired t-test was used to compare the pre- and postoperative outcome scores. The study group comprised 25 patients. There were no intraoperative complications. The mean follow-up period was 17.8 months (12–24). There were 19 males and 6 females. The median age was 24 years (16–41), and median body mass index was 23.9 (18.5–30.2). The median diameter of the five-strand graft was 9 mm (8–10 mm), with a mean of 9.06 ± 0.60 mm. This was associated with a median graft length of 90 mm (80–100 mm). The postoperative Lysholm, KOOS symptoms, KOOS Pain, KOOS daily function, KOOS sports function, KOOS quality of life, and Short Form-36 Physical Component Summary scores improved significantly compared with the preoperative scores. The use of the five-strand hamstring graft with interference screw fixation in primary ACL reconstruction is associated with significant improvements in patient-reported outcomes in the early postoperative period. The five-strand graft technique is a useful means of increasing graft diameter when faced with an undersized hamstring graft.
Moderne Verfahren für die Strahlentherapie von Hirntumoren und Tumoren der Schädelbasis
Authors: Diehl Christian , Combs Stephanie 
Published: April 2018

ZusammenfassungDie moderne Radioonkologie verfügt über eine Reihe hochmoderner Techniken, sodass die Therapiekonzepte und Entscheidungen individualisiert vorgenommen werden. Moderne Techniken ermöglichen eine hohe lokale Dosisdeposition bei optimaler Schonung von gesundem Normalgewebe. Diese Entwicklungen haben die therapeutische Breite der Strahlentherapie entscheidend verbessert. Molekulare Eigenschaften von Tumoren bestimmen heute die Therapieentscheidung im interdisziplinären Kontext sowohl für primäre als auch für sekundäre Hirntumoren. Vor allem Patienten mit Tumoren an der Schädelbasis profitieren von einer hochpräzisen Strahlentherapie, hier kann die Bestrahlung oft auch als Alternative zu Resektion gesehen werden.