bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BUGIS DI KERAJAAN MELAYU: EKSISTENSI ORANG BUGIS DALAM PEMERINTAHAN KERAJAAN JOHOR-RIAU-LINGGA-PAHANG
Authors: RAHMAT SYAHRUL 
Published: July 2019

Kondisi geografis Semenanjung Melayu sebagai lalu lintas perdagangan kawasan Asia bagian Tenggara membuat daerah ini menjadi tujuan pelayaran dari berbagai etnis di Nusantara maupun dari belahan dunia lain, termasuk Orang Bugis yang berasal dari daratan Sulawesi bagian selatan. Dalam perkembangannya, selain untuk mencari penghidupan, lambat laun mereka mulai masuk ke dalam struktur pemerintahan Kerajaan Johor-Riau-Lingga-pahang. Kehadiran orang Bugis dalam struktur pemerintahan tersebut mengalami dinamika tersendiri terhadap kerajaan yang kelak berubah nama menjadi Kerajaan Riau Lingga. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian sejarah dengan fokus pada dinamika politik dan eksistensi orang Bugis dalam Kerajaan Melayu pada rentang abad ke-17 hingga 18. Selain merubah struktuur pemerintahan, posisi sebagai Yang Dipertuan Muda yang dijabat keturunan juga membawa perubahan terhadap perkembangan kerajaan tersebut. Sekalipun demikian, Yang Dipertuan Muda juga harus menghadapi konflik internal dalam kerajaan akibat dominasi mereka dalam usrusan pemerintahan.
The geographical conditions of the Malay Peninsula as the trade traffic in the Southeast Asian region make this area a destination for shipping from various ethnic groups in the archipelago as well as from other parts of the world, including the Bugis people from the southern Sulawesi mainland. In its development, in addition to make a living, they gradually begin to join the government structure of the Johor-Riau-Lingga-Pahang Kingdom. Bugis existence in the government structure experiences its own dynamics towards the kingdom which later changes its name to the Kingdom of Riau Lingga. This research is a historical study with a focus on the political dynamics and the existence of Bugis in the Malay Kingdom in the 17th to 18th century. Besides changing the structure of government, the position as the Crown Prince, which was held by descendants also gives changes to the development of the kingdom. Even so, the Crown Prince must face internal conflicts in the kingdom due to their dominance in the government administration.
KESAN HADIS MAUDHU’ DALAM AMALAN UMAT ISLAM
Authors: Marpuah Siti , Ahmad Zamree Farah Darwisyah Binti 
Published: July 2019

Hadis Maudhu’ adalah sesuatu yang disandarkan kepada Nabi Muhammad s.a.w samaada perbuatannya, perkataannya, taqrirnya, sifat akhlaqnya atau sifat semulajadinya, secara rekaan atau dusta semata-mata. Di dalam penggunaan masyarakat Islam di negara kita, hadis maudhu’ disebut juga dengan nama hadis palsu. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk melihat apakah faktor kemunculan hadis maudhu’ serta kesannya terhadap amalan beribadah umat Islam sekarang ini. Kajian ini merupakan kajian kualitatif melalui temu bual serta pengumpulan dokumen berupa kitab-kitab hadis. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa faktor kemunculan hadis maudu’ adalah adanya musuh Islam yang ingin merosakkan hadis yang betul, sikap fanatik terhadap kumpulan, sikap ambil mudah dalam meriwayatkan hadith, sikap kepentingan diri dan mencari kemasyhuran orang ramai, Kejahilan tentang ajaran Islam yang sebenar. Kesan hadis maudhu’ merosakkan akidah umat Islam, Merosakkan amalan syariah umat Islam, Merosakkan akhlak umat Islam, Merosakkan pendirian umat Islam, Mengabaikan hadith sahih. Untuk itu pengkaji mencadangkan supaya umat Islam lebih berhati-hati dalam memahami sesuatu hadis serta mengamalkannya, kerana ditakutkan ianya merupakan hadis maudu’ atau hadis palsu.

ABSTRACT: Hadith Maudhu' 'is something that is attributed to Prophet Muhammad s.a.w whether it is his actions, his words, his taqrir, his morality or his natural state, falsely or simply. In the use of the Muslim community in our country, the hadith maudhu 'is also called a false hadith. The purpose of this study is to see what is the origin of the hadith of maudhu 'and its effect on the worship practices of Muslims today. This study is a qualitative study through interviews and document collection in the form of hadith books. The results show that the factor of the emergence of the maudu hadith 'is the presence of the Muslim enemy who wants to destroy the hadith, the fanatical attitude towards the group, the easy attitude towards narrating the hadith, the attitude of the self and seeking public fame, ignorance of the true teachings of Islam. The effect of hadith maudhu 'is damaging to the faith of Muslims, it is damaging to the shariah practice of Muslims, it is damaging to the morals of Muslims, it is damaging to Muslims, it is disregarding authentic hadiths. Therefore, researchers suggest that Muslims should be more careful in understanding a hadith and practicing it, because it is feared that it is a maudu 'or false hadith.
HALAL BIHALAL DALAM PERSPEKTIF ADAT DAN SYARIAT
Authors: Husna Maisarotil 
Published: July 2019

Dalam kajian ini penulis akan membahas tiga topik yaitu silaturrahim, idul fitri dan tradisi halal bi halal. berdasarkan beberapa gagasan tradisi halal bi halal setelah idul fitri merupakan tradisi besar yang menyenangkan, ceria dan mengembirakan. merayakan hari raya idul fitri bersama keluarga besar merupakan sebuah tradisi yang turun temurun di Indonesia dan setelah hari raya tradisi halal bi halal merupakan moment yang tepat untuk silaturrahim dan saling meminta maaf terhadap berbagai agama sesama.Terkadang halal bi halal tidak hanya dilakukan agama Islam saja, misalnya dari sebuah perusahan yang karyawanya berasal dari berbagai agama, maka ketika acara halal bi halal setelah idul fitri seluruh karyawan yang berbeda agama turut menghadiri. dari sini terlihat bahwa halal bi halal memiliki dampak positif terhadap masyarakat.
Maximum Entropy-based Probabilistic Mass–Radius Relation of Exoplanets
Authors: Ma Qi , Ghosh Sujit K. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Transiting planet surveys of recent years like the Kepler and K2 missions have provided a great deal of data for studying the compositional constituents of exoplanets through the relationship between their masses and radii (M-R relation). However, it is often the case that only one of the mass or radius measurement is available for newly discovered planets, which makes it necessary to estimate the M-R relation conditioned on a sample of planets with both masses and radii measurements available but subject to measurement errors. The majority of the statistical models available in the literature on probabilistic M-R relation are based on the assumption that the planetary masses are normally distributed around the means determined by the power law without any justification. Given the power-law relation, using the well known Maximum Entropy Principle, it is shown that the conditional distribution of masses (given radii) follow an exponential distribution where the conditional mean is modeled using a flexible multiple knot-based power-law structure. Parameter estimation is carried out using Bayesian methods that not only account for measurement errors in building the likelihood function, but also perform proper imputation using posterior predictive distributions. Two data sets (from exoplanets.org site) are used to illustrate the flexibility and broad applicability of the proposed model.
Stochastic Ion Acceleration by the Ion-cyclotron Instability in a Growing Magnetic Field
Authors: Ley Francisco , Riquelme Mario , Sironi Lorenzo , Verscharen Daniel , Sandoval Astor 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Using 1D and 2D particle-in-cell simulations of a plasma with a growing magnetic field

, we show that ions can be stochastically accelerated by the ion-cyclotron (IC) instability. As

grows, an ion pressure anisotropy

arises due to the adiabatic invariance of the ion magnetic moment (

and p
⊥,i
are the ion pressures parallel and perpendicular to

). When initially β

i
= 0.5 (

, where p

i
is the ion isotropic pressure), the pressure anisotropy is limited mainly by inelastic pitch-angle scattering provided by the IC instability, which in turn produces a nonthermal tail in the ion energy spectrum. After

is amplified by a factor of ∼2.7, this tail can be approximated as a power law of index ∼3.4 plus two nonthermal bumps and accounts for 2%–3% of the ions and ∼18% of their kinetic energy. On the contrary, when initially β

i
= 2, the ion scattering is dominated by the mirror instability, and the acceleration is suppressed. This implies that efficient ion acceleration requires that initially, β

i
≲ 1. Although we focus on cases where

is amplified by plasma shear, we check that the acceleration occurs similarly if

grows due to plasma compression. Our results are valid in a subrelativistic regime where the ion thermal energy is ∼10% of the ion rest-mass energy. This acceleration process can thus be relevant in the inner region of low-luminosity accretion flows around black holes.
Modeling a Carrington-scale Stellar Superflare and Coronal Mass Ejection from
Authors: Lynch Benjamin J. , Airapetian Vladimir S. , DeVore C. Richard , Kazachenko Maria D. , Lüftinger Teresa , Kochukhov Oleg , Rosén Lisa , Abbett William P. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Observations from the Kepler mission have revealed frequent superflares on young and active solar-like stars. Superflares result from the large-scale restructuring of stellar magnetic fields, and are associated with the eruption of coronal material (a coronal mass ejection, or CME) and energy release that can be orders of magnitude greater than those observed in the largest solar flares. These catastrophic events, if frequent, can significantly impact the potential habitability of terrestrial exoplanets through atmospheric erosion or intense radiation exposure at the surface. We present results from numerical modeling designed to understand how an eruptive superflare from a young solar-type star, κ
1
Cet, could occur and would impact its astrospheric environment. Our data-inspired, three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic modeling shows that global-scale shear concentrated near the radial-field polarity inversion line can energize the closed-field stellar corona sufficiently to power a global, eruptive superflare that releases approximately the same energy as the extreme 1859 Carrington event from the Sun. We examine proxy measures of synthetic emission during the flare and estimate the observational signatures of our CME-driven shock, both of which could have extreme space-weather impacts on the habitability of any Earth-like exoplanets. We also speculate that the observed 1986 Robinson-Bopp superflare from κ
1
Cet was perhaps as extreme for that star as the Carrington flare was for the Sun.
Fermi-LAT Observations of γ-Ray Emission toward the Outer Halo of M31
Authors: Karwin Christopher M. , Murgia Simona , Campbell Sheldon , Moskalenko Igor V. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The Andromeda galaxy is the closest spiral galaxy to us and has been the subject of numerous studies. It harbors a massive dark matter halo, which may span up to ∼600 kpc across and comprises ∼90% of the galaxy’s total mass. This halo size translates into a large diameter of 42° on the sky, for an M31–Milky Way (MW) distance of 785 kpc, but its presumably low surface brightness makes it challenging to detect with γ-ray telescopes. Using 7.6 yr of Fermi Large Area Telescope (Fermi–LAT) observations, we make a detailed study of the γ-ray emission between 1–100 GeV toward M31's outer halo, with a total field radius of 60° centered at M31, and perform an in-depth analysis of the systematic uncertainties related to the observations. We use the cosmic-ray propagation code GALPROP to construct specialized interstellar emission models to characterize the foreground γ-ray emission from the MW, including a self-consistent determination of the isotropic component. We find evidence for an extended excess that appears to be distinct from the conventional MW foreground, having a total radial extension upward of ∼120–200 kpc from the center of M31. We discuss plausible interpretations of the excess emission, but emphasize that uncertainties in the MW foreground—and in particular, modeling of the H i-related components—have not been fully explored and may impact the results.
Dissecting a Disk-instability Outburst in a Symbiotic Star: NuSTAR and Swift Observations of T Coronae Borealis during the Rise to the “Superactive” State
Authors: Luna G. J. M. , Nelson T. , Mukai K. , Sokoloski J. L. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The current superactive state of the recurrent nova T Coronae Borealis (T CrB) has been observed with unprecedented detail. Previously published observations provide strong evidence that this state is due to an enhancement of the flow of material through the accretion disk, which increased the optical depth of its most internal region, the boundary layer. NuSTAR and Swift observed T CrB in 2015 September, roughly halfway through the rise to optical maximum. In our analysis of these data, we have found that: (i) the UV emission, as observed with Swift/UVOT in 2015, was already as bright as it became in 2017, after the optical peak; (ii) the soft X-ray emission (E ≲ 0.6 keV) observed in 2017 after the optical peak, on the other hand, had not yet developed during the rising phase in 2015; (iii) the hard X-ray emitting plasma (E ≳ 2 keV) had the same temperature and about half the flux of that observed during quiescence in 2006. This phenomenology is akin to that observed during dwarf novae in outburst, but with the changes in the spectral energy distribution happening on a far longer timescale.
Measuring Supermassive Black Hole Masses: Correlation between the Redshifts of the Fe iii UV Lines and the Widths of Broad Emission Lines
Authors: Mediavilla E. , Jiménez-vicente J. , Mejía-restrepo J. , Motta V. , Falco E. , Muñoz J. A. , Fian C. , Guerras E. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We test the recently proposed black hole mass scaling relationship based on the redshift with respect to the quasar's rest frame of the Fe iii
λλ2039-2113 line blend. To this end, we fit this feature in the spectra of a well suited sample of quasars, observed with X-shooter at the Very Large Telescope, whose masses have been independently estimated using the virial theorem. For the quasars of this sample we consistently confirm the redshift of the Fe iii
λλ2039-2113 blend and find that it correlates with the squared widths of Hβ, Hα, and Mg ii, which are commonly used as a measure of M
BH/R to determine masses from the virial theorem. The average differences between virial and Fe iii
λλ2039-2113 redshift-based masses are 0.18 ± 0.21 dex, 0.18 ± 0.22 dex, and 0.14 ± 0.21 dex, when the full widths at half maximum (FWHMs) of the Hβ, Hα, and Mg ii lines are, respectively, used. The difference is reduced to 0.10 ± 0.16 dex when the standard deviation, σ, of the Mg ii line is used instead. We also study the high signal-to-noise ratio composite quasar spectra of the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey, finding that the Fe iii
λλ2039-2113 redshifts and Mg ii squared widths,

, match very well the correlation found for the individual quasar spectra observed with X-shooter. This correlation is expected if the redshift is gravitational.
Spatially Resolved Stellar Kinematics of the Ultra-diffuse Galaxy Dragonfly 44. I. Observations, Kinematics, and Cold Dark Matter Halo Fits
Authors: van Dokkum Pieter , Wasserman Asher , Danieli Shany , Abraham Roberto , Brodie Jean , Conroy Charlie , Forbes Duncan A. , Martin Christopher , Matuszewski Matt , Romanowsky Aaron J. , Villaume Alexa 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We present spatially resolved stellar kinematics of the well-studied ultra-diffuse galaxy (UDG) Dragonfly 44, as determined from 25.3 hr of observations with the Keck Cosmic Web Imager. The luminosity-weighted dispersion within the half-light radius is

km s−1, lower than what we had inferred before from a DEIMOS spectrum in the Hα region. There is no evidence for rotation, with

(90% confidence) along the major axis, in possible conflict with models where UDGs are the high-spin tail of the normal dwarf galaxy distribution. The spatially averaged line profile is more peaked than a Gaussian, with Gauss–Hermite coefficient h
4 = 0.13 ± 0.05. The mass-to-light ratio (M/L) within the effective radius is

M
⊙/L
⊙, similar to other UDGs and higher by a factor of six than smaller galaxies of the same luminosity. This difference between UDGs and other galaxies is, however, sensitive to the aperture that is used, and it is much reduced when the M/L ratios are measured within a fixed radius of 10 kpc. Dragonfly 44 has a rising velocity dispersion profile, from

km s−1 at R = 0.2 kpc to

km s−1 at R = 5.1 kpc. The profile can only be fit with a cuspy Navarro–Frenk–White profile if the orbital distribution has strong tangential anisotropy, with

. An alternative explanation is that the dark matter profile has a core: a Di Cintio et al. density profile with a mass-dependent core provides a very good fit to the kinematics for a halo mass of

and

, i.e., isotropic orbits. This model predicts a slight positive kurtosis, in qualitative agreement with the measured h
4 parameter. UDGs such as Dragonfly 44 are dark matter dominated even in their centers and can constrain the properties of dark matter in a regime where baryons usually dominate the kinematics: small spatial scales in massive halos. In a companion paper we provide constraints on the axion mass in the context of “fuzzy” dark matter models.
Sampling event dataset on five-year observations of macrofungi fruit bodies in raised bogs, Western Siberia, Russia
Authors: Filippova Nina , Lapshina Elena 
Published: July 2019

The data paper includes the results of a long-term monitoring programme for macrofungi fruiting using permanent plots located in the raised bog ecosystem in central part of Western Siberia (nearby Khanty-Mansiysk), Russia. The goal of the project was to describe the quantitative and qualitative structure and spatial variation of the community of macromycetes, to follow its dynamics seasonally and inter-annually and also elucidate the relationship between the fruiting and climate variables. A total of 263 circular 5 m2 subplots (for a total area of 1,315 m2) were inspected weekly during vegetation seasons 2014-2018 and carpophores of different fungal taxa were counted. The resulting sampling-event dataset includes 16,569 of plot-based observations (= sampling events) with corresponding 6,011 occurrence records of macromycetes identified to species or genus level. In total, 69 species were revealed during the study. About 80% of plot-based observations contain zero records and mark absence of visible fruiting bodies in a certain plot and time.
This is the first sampling-event dataset on plot-based observations of macrofungi published in GBIF and the first long-term series of macrofungi monitoring in a raised bog ecosystem accomplished in Western Siberia. The aim of the data paper publication was to provide the description and the link to the published data in the format of a peer-reviewed journal paper and to provide recognition for the effort by means of a scholarly article (based on Data paper definition published at https://www.gbif.org/en/data-papers).
Assessment of the quality of accession describing metadata on plant genetic resources
Authors: Oppermann Markus , Weise Stephan 
Published: July 2019

In the wide-ranging field of biodiversity conservation, genebanks play a major role in the preservation of cultivated plants. An important focus of genebanks is the comprehensive documentation of the maintained material. This is a prerequisite to enable users to select the most suitable material for e.g. research or breeding programs (Hoisington et al. 1999). The German Federal ex situ Genebank for Agricultural and Horticultural Crops, which is being hosted at IPK, is the largest genebank in Western Europe.
Within the multitude of data associated with plant material (e.g. from various -omics areas or conservation management), the so-called passport data represent the most original and oldest data in genebanks. These metadata are often subject to heterogeneity due to historically different collection and curation, especially if they were received from different institutions around the world. This leads to difficulties in handling these data and can result in misinterpretations. In addition, there are correlations between the individual attributes of the passport data which can lead to a different importance of the individual data points for the users.
Major challenges for users are to estimate completeness, correctness and reliability of these data. Thus, it is necessary to assess the quality of these data by defining a suitable set of metrics. Unfortunately, classical data quality measurement metrics, e.g. (Klier 2008), are not sufficient to fulfill the users' needs. Depending on the intention of the user, a different focus is placed on the data. Moreover, the individual attributes of the respective areas can be related to each other. Therefore, a single index value for estimating the quality of a passport record is not sufficient. Rather, it seems to be more promising to generate more differentiated quality statements.
We are working on a metrics system that is sensitive to the users' focus. Through a practical set of rules of data quality metrics for accession-related data, the user will be able to influence the weighting of individual domains (e.g. geographical origin, biological status) according to their context (fit-for-use index).
The presentation will discuss the background and will give an overview of the progress of this research activity.
Operationalizing Plant Traits
Authors: Kattge Jens 
Published: July 2019

Plant traits – the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants and their organs – determine how primary producers respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, influence ecosystem processes and services and provide a link from species richness to ecosystem functional diversity. Trait data thus represent the raw material for a wide range of research from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology to biogeography. The importance of these topics dictates the urgent need for more and better data and improved data availability and applicability, however, producing larger datasets that allow for more powerful, synthetic analyses increasingly relies on the integration of small, focused studies. Operationalizing plant functional traits has therefore been identified a key issue in plant and vegetation ecology.
In 2007 the International Geosphere Bbiosphere Program (IGBP) and DIVERSITAS (together now Future Earth) initiated a global database of plant traits to make the data available for trait-based approaches in ecology and vegetation modelling. This was the start of the TRY initiative (https://www.try-db.org).
In 2019 the TRY database contains about 12 million trait records for more than 300,000 plant taxa and 2000 traits. The data are publicly available under a CC BY license and so far contributed to more than 200 scientific publications.
Based on experience in this bottom-up exercise, my presentation will provide a subjective view on what has been essential to make progress towards operationalizing plant traits and how far the plant trait community has progressed.