bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How to validate UV-C based air cleaners using viruses containing aerosols in a test room
Authors: Kramer Bernd , Warschat Daniela , Meepool Anna , Muranyi Peter 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Aims
UV-C based air cleaners may reduce the transmission of infectious diseases. However, microbiological validation is necessary to quantify their efficiency. In this study, the stability of aerosolized bacteriophages for validation purposes was investigated in a test room, before a UV-C based air cleaner was exemplarily evaluated regarding the inactivation of airborne bacteriophages.

Methods and results
The bacteriophage Phi6 was selected as virus surrogate and aerosolized in a room of 30 m³ volume. The recovery of infectious bacteriophages was first analyzed under variation of the relative humidity (20%–55% RH) and sampling time. The aerosol studies showed that a low humidity between 20% RH and 30% RH provides a high and stable recovery of bacteriophages Phi6 over 1 h. However, with increasing humidity, the number of infectious airborne bacteriophages Phi6 decreased significantly. At 50% RH, the recovery of Phi6 was 4 orders of magnitude lower compared to 20% RH. The validation of a UV-C based air cleaner was then demonstrated in the test room whereat the decline of infectious airborne bacteriophages was recorded over time. The nonenveloped bacteriophage MS2 was used as a reference. The validation results were significantly different for Phi6 when the humidity in the test room was either 40% RH or 30% RH, whereas comparable results were obtained for MS2 at both humidities.

Conclusion
A rising humidity in the test room caused a significant decline in the recovery of infectious airborne bacteriophages Phi6. The result of a quantitative validation of UV-C based air cleaners may therefore be affected by the respective humidity.
Research for all: building a diverse researcher community for the All of Us Research Program
Authors: Baskir Rubin , Lee Minnkyong , McMaster Sydney J , Lee Jessica , Blackburne-Proctor Faith , Azuine Romuladus , Mack Nakia , Schully Sheri D , Mendoza Martin , Sanchez Janeth , Crosby Yong , Zumba Erica , Hahn Michael , Aspaas Naomi , Elmi Ahmed , Alerté Shanté , Stewart Elizabeth , Wilfong Danielle , Doherty Meag , Farrell Margaret M , Hébert Grace B , Hood Sula , Thomas Cheryl M , Murray Debra D , Lee Brendan , Stark Louisa A , Lewis Megan A , Uhrig Jen D , Bartlett Laura R , Rico Edgar Gil , Falcón Adolph , Cohn Elizabeth , Lunn Mitchell R , Obedin-Maliver Juno , Cottler Linda , Eder Milton , Randal Fornessa T , Karnes Jason , Lemieux KiTani , Lemieux Nelson , Lemieux Nelson , Bradley Lilanta , Tepp Ronnie , Wilson Meredith , Rodriguez Monica , Lunt Chris , Watson Karriem 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The NIH All of Us Research Program (All of Us) is engaging a diverse community of more than 10 000 registered researchers using a robust engagement ecosystem model. We describe strategies used to build an ecosystem that attracts and supports a diverse and inclusive researcher community to use the All of Us dataset and provide metrics on All of Us researcher usage growth.

Materials and Methods
Researcher audiences and diversity categories were defined to guide a strategy. A researcher engagement strategy was codeveloped with program partners to support a researcher engagement ecosystem. An adapted ecological model guided the ecosystem to address multiple levels of influence to support All of Us data use. Statistics from the All of Us Researcher Workbench demographic survey describe trends in researchers’ and institutional use of the Workbench and publication numbers.

Results
From 2022 to 2024, some 13 partner organizations and their subawardees conducted outreach, built capacity, or supported researchers and institutions in using the data. Trends indicate that Workbench registrations and use have increased over time, including among researchers underrepresented in the biomedical workforce. Data Use and Registration Agreements from minority-serving institutions also increased.

Discussion
All of Us built a diverse, inclusive, and growing research community via intentional engagement with researchers and via partnerships to address systemic data access issues. Future programs will provide additional support to researchers and institutions to ameliorate All of Us data use challenges.

Conclusion
The approach described helps address structural inequities in the biomedical research field to advance health equity.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of probiotics on bone outcomes in rodent models
Authors: Yumol Jenalyn L , Gittings William , de Souza Russell J , Ward Wendy E 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Emerging evidence demonstrates an opportunity for using probiotics to support bone health, but findings in humans are limited. This systematic review investigated if probiotic supplementation improves bone mineral density (BMD) and bone structure in rodent models compared to no supplementation. Studies (n = 71) examining the effect of oral consumption of any probiotic strain on BMD or bone structure in rodents were included. Meta-analyses were conducted separately by study model (intact, ovariectomized) and bone site (femur, tibia, spine) to determine the probiotic effect (standardized mean difference, SMD) on volumetric BMD (vBMD), bone volume fraction (BV/TV), and cortical thickness (Ct.Th). Reasons for heterogeneity were explored (probiotic genus, sex, type of rodent). In intact rodents, probiotics resulted in greater vBMD (SMD = 0.43, 95% CI [0.13, 0.74], I2 = 3%, p &lt; 0.05) and higher BV/TV (SMD = 0.63, 95% CI [0.25, 1.02], I2 = 57%, p &lt; 0.05) at the femur without changes in cortical bone structure. In ovariectomized models, probiotic supplementation resulted in greater vBMD (femur: SMD = 1.28, 95% CI [1.01, 1.55], I2 = 3%, p &lt; 0.05; tibia: SMD = 1.29, 95% CI [0.52, 2.05], I2 = 67%, p &lt; 0.05; and spine: SMD = 1.47, 95% CI [0.97, 1.97], I2 = 26%, p &lt; 0.05) as well as higher BV/TV (femur: SMD = 1.16, 95% CI [0.80, 1.52], I2 = 56%, p &lt; 0.05; tibia: SMD = 2.13, 95% CI [1.09, 3.17], I2 = 79%, p &lt; 0.05; spine: SMD = 2.04, 95% CI [1.17, 2.90], I2 = 76%, p &lt; 0.05) and Ct.Th at the tibia (SMD = 2.35; 95% CI [0.72, 3.97], I2 = 82%, p &lt; .0.05) but not at the femur versus control. The syntheses support probiotics as a strategy to improve bone outcomes in rodent models.
Postharvest CO2 treatment and cold storage for Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) fruit infestation control
Authors: Cvelbar Weber Nika , Modic Špela , Žigon Primož , Razinger Jaka 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The invasive pest, spotted wing drosophila (Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura, 1931) or SWD), damages various soft-skinned fruits, severely impacting orchards and vineyards economically. Current sorting practices in commercial production may overlook early-stage SWD infestations, as visible signs take a few days to appear. Our study focused on managing SWD infesting fruits (blueberry, cherry, and raspberry) without visible signs using an artificial atmosphere with elevated CO2 and low temperature. We hypothesized that these factors affect SWD survival and possibly interact, with potential variations among different soft- or stone-fruit species or varieties. High CO2 concentrations and cold storage both negatively affected SWD development. A 24-h 100% CO2 fumigation, without cold storage, significantly reduced SWD infestations in all 3 fruit species studied. On the other hand, 10% CO2 without cold storage did not cause a significant infestation reduction in cherries. Cold storage alone was too slow to be considered effective. Concurrent low-temperature treatment and CO2 treatment reduced the insecticidal efficacy of CO2 fumigation. Optimal fruit sanitation was achieved with a 3-h 100% CO2 treatment at ambient temperature before cold storage. Raspberries were the most suitable host for SWD development, with over a 5-fold higher SWD development compared to blueberries and over 50 times more than in cherries. We discussed the observed interactions between CO2 fumigation and chilling and suggested a simple postharvest SWD management protocol using optimal CO2 levels, exposure times, and chilling periods—achievable without complex equipment.
Knocking on a Locked Door: Assessing Canada’s Response to Attacks Against Human Rights Defenders
Authors: Francescone Kirsten , Rankin Lisa 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
For over two decades, Canadian corporations have been the subject of severe allegations of human rights and environmental violations related to the forced imposition of their operations abroad. Despite the growing consensus within the literature and international governance community that Canadian corporations—especially within the extractive sector—are serial perpetrators of grave human rights violations and despite Canada’s international legal obligations, at present there are very little ‘hard law’ mechanisms available to hold corporations to account. Whereas much literature has been dedicated to how Canadian corporations are facilitated by advocacy and lobbying efforts at the level of Canadian embassies in home-state-countries, much less studied is how these same state actors work towards protecting and preventing human rights defenders from harm. In this article we critically analyse the implementation of the Canadian government’s Voices at Risk guidelines (2016) from the perspective of two Canadian human rights advocacy Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) supporting communities in Guatemala, drawing from email and verbal communications as well as Access to Information Requests from 2016 to 2021 regarding the Escobal mine. We assess the usefulness of advocacy at the level of embassies as a way of protecting defenders and demonstrate that, in our experience, calls for support to defenders were ignored. We argue that, within the context of foreign policy which prioritizes trade and investment over all other government policies and wherein corporate violence is met with impunity, current Canadian policies aimed at protecting human rights defenders are essentially useless as an advocacy strategy.
Impact of anomalous ocean warming on the abundance and foraging habits of the California Sea Lion (Zalophus californianus) from the San Benito Archipelago in the Mexican Pacific
Authors: Rodríguez-Martínez María Isabel , Moreno-Sánchez Xchel G , Moncayo-Estrada Rodrigo , Elorriaga-Verplancken Fernando R 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The California sea lion (Zalophus californianus; CSL) reflects environmental conditions of the Northeastern Pacific, where resource availability was importantly reduced for different taxa during climatic variations such as the North Pacific heatwave (The Blob 2014 to 2015) or El Niño 2015 to 2016 due to the effect of these anomalies on primary productivity. Our objective was to determine the abundance and foraging habits of CSLs from the San Benito Archipelago (Mexican Pacific) in a period (2013 to 2019) that involved warm anomalies. Annual counts were conducted by sex/age classes; scats were sampled to identify the main prey consumed; and pup fur (maternal foraging indicators) was collected for analysis of δ13C and δ15N. The prey importance index (PII) and trophic level were calculated and the Siber assessment in R was used to estimate isotopic niches. Colony abundance decreased by approximately 50% from 2013 to 2019. Values of δ13C showed significant interannual differences (P &lt; 0.001) with more negative values (−17.2‰ to −16.7‰) from 2015 onwards, indicating offshore foraging habits. Significant interannual differences (P &lt; 0.001) were found for δ15N, with a declining trend (20.4‰ to 19.07‰), and a difference of more than 1‰ between 2013 and 2019, evidencing a probable shift of foraging grounds toward higher latitudes. Based on the PII, Strongylura exilis (30%), Merluccius productus (24%), Ommastrephes bartramii (10%), and Sardinops sagax (10%) were the most important prey, showing significant interannual differences (P &lt; 0.001). CSLs had a mean trophic level of 4.89, with a slight increasing trend toward the end of the period. Dietary plasticity was found in CSLs, possibly caused by environmental changes that modified prey availability and led to variations in foraging grounds, and consequently in the colony abundance over time.
The Eastern Fox Squirrel (Sciurus niger) exhibits minimal patterns of phylogeography across native and introduced sites
Authors: Armstrong Noah , Klure Dylan M , Greenhalgh Robert , Stapleton Tess E , Dearing M Denise 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Introduced species are one of the leading causes of declining global biodiversity and result in many billions of dollars of losses to the bioeconomy worldwide. Introduced species have become increasingly common due to globalization and climate change, and population genetics is a useful tool for the management of such species. The Eastern Fox Squirrel (Sciurus niger) is a highly successful invader that was introduced to many states in western North America throughout the 20th century. We used low-pass whole genome sequencing to evaluate phylogeographic structure across native and introduced ranges of this species and identify the putative number and geographic sources of introductions in California and Utah. We found minimal patterns of phylogeographic structure, consistent with recent range and population expansion since the Last Glacial Maximum. Additionally, we found evidence for multiple mitochondrial haplotypes in California and only 1 haplotype in Utah, which suggests that fox squirrels in California were sourced from multiple introduction events while those in Utah were likely sourced from a single event. Genomic resources generated in this study will be useful for future conservation efforts in this species and will assist with the ongoing management of its introductions across western North America.
A different sense of place: care and curation in the university
Authors: Thompson Christiane 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The aim of this article is to explore the spatial constitution of the university today, its relation to Bildung in the university, and the way that changes of the universities are conceptually articulated or even programmatically demanded. In the first part of the article, the concept of the so-called ‘non-places’ advanced by the French ethnologist Marc Augé is used in order to set a conceptual framework for reflecting on the place of the university. In the second part of the article, it is demonstrated that the university is currently being reshaped as a non-place and more specifically, as a transit lounge. Using the example of Minerva University, it is shown how mobilization, optimization, and functionalization of learning become dominant at the expense of forming its own place. In the third part of the article, the relations between Bildung and place are reflected on following Ronald Barnett’s ecological approach of the university. In this approach, care and curation are central, as is shown in the final part of the article.
Towards black methods in research with refugees
Authors: Rashid Mariam 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Critical approaches to forced displacement and migration studies gesture towards methodologies and theoretical orientations that are contextualized within the complex socialities of refuge lifeworlds and ways of being. This article offers methodological approaches that account for the forces of displacement as well as the layered and textured experiences of forcibly displaced people. Turning to black studies and black feminist thought, the article examines how forcibly displaced people navigate and contest resettlement processes in the USA. Thinking with empirical material from a research study engaging with forcibly displaced interlocutors from East and Central Africa and refugee resettlement personnel, the article illuminates critical methods of interpreting the experiences of refugees and forms of resettlement through the lenses of black studies and black feminist thought.
Complex postoperative ureterovaginal and vesicovaginal fistula following a non-oncological hysterectomy: a report of a challenging complication
Authors: Tzelepis Konstantinos , Giannakodimos Ilias , Samara Athina A , Kotanidis Christos , Tsiapakidou Sofia , Janho Michel , Koutras Antonios , Sotiriou Sotirios 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In a quarter of patients with ureterovaginal fistula (UVF), a concurrent associated vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) can also be found. An increased clinical suspicion should be arised in cases of urinary vaginal discharge accompanied with unilateral flank pain following a gynecological procedure. A 43-year-old female patient diagnosed with a complex postoperative UVF and VVF following a total hysterectomy. After an unsuccessful initial conservative approach with the placement of a nephrostomy tube, an ureterocystotomy with antireflux reimplantation of the ureter was decided. The patient experienced an uneventful postoperative period and a year later, the patient remains asymptomatic without any evidence of fistula recurrent. Our case reports the relatively rare presence of a concurrent postoperative complex UVF and VVF formation in order to rise clinical suspicion in clinicians regarding the diagnostic approach and optimal management.
The H3K27me3 histone mark correlates with repression of colour and aroma development post-harvest in strawberry fruit
Authors: Baldwin Ashley , Lechon Tamara , Marchbank Angela , Scofield Simon , Lieu Kerstin , Wilson Charlotte L , Ludlow Richard A , Herbert Robert J , Nützmann Hans-Wilhelm , Rogers Hilary J 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Strawberry ripening is non-climacteric, and post-harvest fruit enter senescence and deteriorate rapidly. Chilled storage induces transcriptome-wide changes in gene expression, including down-regulation of aroma-related genes. Histone marks are associated with transcriptional activation or repression; the H3K27me3 mark is mainly associated with repression of gene expression. Here genes associated with H3K27me3 were identified through ChIP-seq in ripe red strawberry fruit at harvest and after 5 d of chilled storage in the dark. The number of ChIP peaks increased with storage time, indicating an increased role for this mark in regulation of gene expression following chilled dark storage. Comparing ChIP-seq data with RNA-seq data from the same material identified 440 genes whose expression correlated with H3K27me3 repression. Abiotic stress genes, especially cold stress response genes, were down-regulated during storage. Increased association with the H3K27me3 mark indicated that they may be repressed via this epigenetic mark. Other functional groups included cell wall and carbohydrate metabolism. The association with the H3K27me3 mark of two transcription factor genes (FaHY5 and FaTRAB1) and of FaADH, involved in ester biosynthesis, was validated by ChIP-PCR. These three genes were all down-regulated during storage and indicated a network of H3K27me3 gene repression affecting both anthocyanin and ester biosynthesis.
Cultivar-dependent differences in plant bud microbiome and functional gene pathways in woody plants commonly used in urban green space
Authors: Roslund Marja I , Galitskaya Polina , Saarenpää Mika , Sinkkonen Aki 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Plant richness and microbiota have been associated with plant health; hardly any studies have investigated how plant taxa differs in microbiota in the context of human health. We investigated the microbial differences in buds of 83 woody plant taxa used in urban green spaces in hemiboreal climate, using 16S rRNA and whole metagenome shotgun sequencing. Bud microbial community was the richest in Cotoneaster Nanshan and C. integerrimus, and Malus domestica cultivars “Sandra” and “Lobo” and poorest in Ribes glandulosum. Metagenomic shotgun sequencing of two M. domestica and four Ribes varieties confirmed differences in taxa in bud microbiota and indicated higher siderophore synthesis in Malus. Microbial richness, including bacteria, archaea, and viruses, and functional richness of gene pathways was higher in Malus compared to Ribes. The 10 most abundant amplicon sequence units, often referred as species, belonged to the phylum Proteobacteria. The differences between plant taxa were evident in classes Alpha- and Gammaproteobacteria, known for potential human health benefits. Since environmental microbiota contributes to human microbiota and immunoregulation, horticultural cultivars hosting rich microbiota may have human health benefits. Further studies are needed to confirm the effectiveness of microbially-oriented plant selection in optimizing human microbiota and planetary health.
Impact of high hydrostatic pressure and UV-C radiation on total aerobic bacteria in Minas Frescal cheese
Authors: Teixeira Cristiane Correia , Poeys de Carvalho Rafael Marques Pereira , da Silva Guilherme Castro Luz , Domingues Josiane Roberto , Rosenthal Amauri , Ramos Gustavo Luis de Paiva Anciens , Gonzalez Alice Gonçalves Martins 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Minas Frescal cheese (MFC) is a perishable product with high water activity and neutral pH, conditions that favor the development of microorganisms. Total aerobic bacteria (TAB) can deteriorate the cheese, negatively affecting its sensory characteristics. By controlling TAB, the shelf life of the product is extended and its quality is maintained, contributing to meeting consumer expectations. This study aimed to evaluate the individual and combined effect of technological treatments of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) and ultraviolet C radiation (UV-C) on the TAB count present in the natural microbiota of MFC, as an alternative to control the microbiological quality of this product. After production, MFC were subjected to treatments with different levels of HHP (100–400 MPa/10 min) and UV-C (0.097–0.392 J/cm2 s−1). The combinations of HHP and UV-C doses were determined by a central composite rotational design. The model efficiently described the individual and combined effect of HHP and UV-C on TAB, demonstrating that gradually increasing HHP levels reduces TAB counts in MFC, regardless of the UV-C dose applied. This study contributes significantly to the literature by providing new insights into how these technologies can be used to improve the microbiological quality of fresh cheeses.
Spectral analysis of ultraluminous X-ray pulsars with models of X-ray pulsars
Authors: Kumar Manish , Sharma Rahul , Paul Biswajit , Rana Vikram 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
A fraction of the ultraluminous X-ray (ULX) sources are known to be accreting neutron stars as they show coherent X-ray pulsations with pulse periods ranging from ${\sim} 1{\!-\!}30$ s. While initially thought to host intermediate-mass black holes, ULXs have since been recognized as a diverse class of objects, including ULX pulsars. These pulsars require models specifically tailored to account for their unique accretion physics, distinct from those used for Galactic black hole binaries. The X-ray spectra of all Galactic accreting X-ray pulsars (including sources in the Magellanic Clouds) are dominated by a high-energy cut-off power law and some of the sources show a soft excess, some emission lines, cyclotron absorption features, etc. In this work, we undertake a comprehensive analysis of the broad-band X-ray spectra of five ULX pulsars using simultaneous XMM–Newton and NuSTAR observations and show that their X-ray spectra can be effectively described by spectral models, similar to those used for the local accretion-powered X-ray pulsars. A soft excess is detected in all the sources which is also consistent with the local X-ray pulsars that have low absorption column density. We have marginal detection or low upper limit on the presence of the iron K-alpha emission line from these sources, which is a key difference of the ULX pulsars with the local accreting X-ray pulsars. We discuss the implication of this on the nature of the binary companion and the accretion mechanism in the ULX pulsars.