bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The location of the centre of the proximal quadriceps tendon in kinematically aligned total knee arthroplasty is not associated with poor outcome scores or symptomatic patellar instability
Authors: Razick Daniel , Akhtar Muzammil , Howell Stephen M. , Nedopil Alexander J. , Hull Maury L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPurposeA previous study on osteoarthritic knees found that the average position of the centre of the proximal quadriceps tendon (PQT) was 9 mm lateral from the native trochlear groove. In patients with lateral patellar facet osteoarthritis, which indicates patellofemoral instability, the average location was 21 mm. The researchers suggested that a position more lateral than 20 mm might lead to poor outcomes after kinematically aligned total knee arthroplasty (KA TKA)—the current study aimed to test this hypothesis.MethodsThe study involved all patients (n = 302) who underwent KA TKA (n = 313) in 2019, had a post‐operative long‐leg scanogram and knee computed tomography scan, and completed a 2‐year questionnaire. An evaluator measured the location of the PQT relative to the centre of the distal prosthetic trochlear groove. A Spearman's rank correlation coefficient analysis determined whether there was an association between the location of the PQT and the Forgotten Joint Score (FJS) and Oxford Knee Score (OKS) at 2 years.ResultsThe mean location of the PQT was 11 ± 8 mm (range, −2 medial to 36 mm lateral), with 16% (N = 46) of the KA TKAs having a more lateral location than 20 mm. The location of the PQT was not associated with the FJS (r = −0.0349, p = 0.7281) and OKS (r = −0.0641, p = 0.9009)—no patient response indicated symptoms or operative treatment for patellofemoral instability.ConclusionEven though 16% of patients with a KA TKA had a more lateral location than 20 mm, there is no reason to measure the centre of the PQT relative to the distal prosthetic groove. This is because the location did not show any association with the 2‐year FJS and OKS nor had any patient experienced patellofemoral instability.Level of EvidenceIV.
Congestive heart failure after anthracycline‐containing treatment for Hodgkin lymphoma: A Swedish matched cohort study
Authors: Baech Joachim , El‐Galaly Tarec Christoffer , Entrop Joshua P. , Glimelius Ingrid , Molin Daniel , Godtfredsen Sissel Johanne , Crowther Michael J. , Smedby Karin E. , Eloranta Sandra , Dietrich Caroline E. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntroductionCongestive heart failure (CHF) is a known complication after anthracyclines and radiotherapy for classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). Contemporary cHL treatment may be associated with less risk because radiotherapy use and techniques have changed substantially over time.MethodsIn this study, Swedish cHL patients diagnosed in 2000–2018, and treated with adriamycin [doxorubicin], bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (ABVD) or bleomycin, etoposide, Adriamycin [doxorubicin], cyclophosphamide, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone (BEACOPP), were matched 1:10 to the general population on birth year and sex to investigate relative rates and cumulative risks of CHF.ResultsA total of 1994 cHL patients were included, with a median age of 34 years. The median follow‐up was 8.1 years. The CHF rate was higher for patients versus comparators (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 3.02, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.26–4.02). Patients treated with ≤200 mg/m2 of anthracyclines had HR of 2.89 (95% CI: 1.51–3.47) versus 3.91 (95% CI: 2.72–5.60) for >200 mg/m2. Treatment with ABVD was associated with a significantly higher CHF rate (adjusted HR = 3.25, 95% CI: 2.31–4.23), while BEACOPP was not (adjusted HR = 1.95, 95% CI: 0.91–4.16). The increase in relative rates translated to the absolute scale, with an increased risk persisting up to 18 years for low cumulative doses.ConclusionThese findings highlight that cHL survivors still face a substantial excess risk of CHF in the modern treatment era and that focus on cardiovascular health remains relevant.
Spatiotemporal feature extraction method combining common spatial pattern and hybrid spatial‐temporal attention‐Net in motor imagery–brain‐computer interface system
Authors: Qin Ke , Li Shurui , Yang Yidiao , Wang Xingyu , Jin Jing 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn recent years, motor imagery (MI) based on brain‐computer interface (BCI) has gained the attention of researchers and been widely used in many fields, such as medical rehabilitation and entertainment. The temporal and spatial features of electroencephalography (EEG) are very important for MI‐BCI classification. This study proposed a better spatiotemporal feature extraction method by combining the common spatial pattern (CSP) with a hybrid spatiotemporal attention convolutional neural network (HSTA‐Net) model. The method first intercepts the MI‐EEG into multiple time windows and projects them into the feature space and feeds into the HSTA‐Net in parallel. Subsequently, the scaled dot product attention module and multi‐head attention module are used to extract spatial feature attention. Finally, the features in multiple time windows obtained through HSTA‐Net are integrated and used for classification. The proposed method achieves a classification accuracy of 77.3% on the BCI Competition IV2a dataset. The experimental results show that the proposed model has better classification performance. The CSP‐HSTA‐Net model can quickly adapt to the distribution of MI‐EEG data during the training process, which increases the interclass distance of the extracted features and decreases its intraclass distance; it can better accomplish the MI‐BCI classification task.
Biosorption of cypermethrin from aqueous solutions by Pediococcus acidilactici: kinetics, isotherms, and mechanisms
Authors: Zhang Mengmei , Dai Xin , Lu Yijie , Wan Yunxiao , Wang Xingjie , Li Jianlong , Hu Kaidi , Li Qin , Zhao Ning , Liu Aiping , Hu Xinjie , Yang Yong , Zou Likou , Liu Shuliang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDPediococcus acidilactici is an effective adsorbent for removing of pyrethroid insecticides. This study investigated the biosorption characteristics and mechanisms of P. acidilactici D15 using adsorption measurement, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy. Isotherm and kinetic models were used to analyze the biosorption process.RESULTSThe Langmuir isotherm model best described the cypermethrin biosorption process, with the maximum adsorption capacity of P. acidilactici D15 being 21.404 mg/g. The biosorption appeared to involve monolayer coverage with uniform forces. The pseudo‐second‐order model also fits well. The rate‐controlling steps involved intraparticle diffusion, film diffusion and chemosorption. The main cellular components involved in cypermethrin biosorption were exopolysaccharides, spheroplast, and cell wall, especially peptidoglycan. The functional groups (–OH, –NH, –CH3, –CH2, –CH, –CONH–, –CO, and –C–O–C–) from proteins, polysaccharides, and peptidoglycan on the cell surface likely played a role in binding cypermethrin. Additionally, P. acidilactici D15 effectively reduced cypermethrin in pickle wastewater.CONCLUSIONThese findings suggest that P. acidilactici D15 could be a potential agent for reducing pesticide residues, laying the groundwork for treating pickle wastewater containing such pesticide residues. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Comprehensive analysis of the metabolism of core microorganisms in polyphenolic compound formation during the acetic acid fermentation stage of millet vinegar
Authors: Yan Yongheng , Sun Ronglong , Yang Dan , Zhang Min , Fu Maorun , Zhang Xingrong , Huang Yanhong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDPolyphenolic compounds in millet vinegar are crucial functional substances, but the mechanisms underlying their formation and metabolism remain unclear. Acetic acid fermentation (AAF) represents the most active microbial metabolism stage and is pivotal for forming polyphenolic compounds. This study comprehensively analyzed the role of the microbiome in polyphenolic compound production and metabolism during AAF.RESULTSChanging patterns were observed in both the microbiome and polyphenolic monomer compounds during AAF of millet vinegar. Lactobacillus harbinensis (0.624–0.454%) was identified as the dominant species in the pre‐AAF stage, exhibiting a significant positive correlation with caffeic acid, kaempferic acid and kaempferolide (P < 0.05). Lactobacillus harbinensis‐mediated polyphenolic compound metabolism was further confirmed through genomic analysis and pure culture fermentation techniques. Lactobacillus harbinensis encodes enzymes such as carbohydrate hydrolases, glycosidases and cellulases, which promote the release and metabolism of polyphenolic compounds from grain hulls.CONCLUSIONThis study confirmed that L. harbinensis, as a core microorganism in millet vinegar fermentation, can significantly augment the content of total phenols and specific polyphenolic compounds. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing millet vinegar production. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Melatonin attenuates degenerative disc degression by downregulating DLX5 via the TGF/Smad2/3 pathway in nucleus pulposus cells
Authors: Zhang Kuibo , Wang Hua , Mo Ling , Huang Xiaohui , Yuan Chao , Liu Caijun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundIntervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is the leading cause of low back pain, and apoptosis plays a key role in its pathogenesis. Distal‐less homeobox 5 (Dlx5) has been reported to induce cell apoptosis. Melatonin, as a powerful antiapoptotic agent, has been widely reported.AimThis study aimed to investigate the role of DLX5 in the pathogenesis of IVDD and the potential therapeutic role of melatonin in targeting DLX5 in IVDD.Materials & MethodsWestern blotting, RT–qPCR, immunohistochemistry, si‐DLX5, Ex‐DLX5, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence were used to examine the regulatory effect of DLX5 on apoptosis. Therapeutic efficacy was assessed by the intraperitoneal injection of melatonin into IVDD mice.ResultsThe expression level of DLX5 is significantly increased in IVDD, and the expression levels were positively correlated with the grade of IVDD. DLX5 was significantly upregulated in TNF‐α‐induced degenerative NP cells. Degenerative NP cells transfected with si‐DLX5 exhibited significantly less apoptosis than control cells. Melatonin significantly alleviated IVDD in surgically induced IVDD model mice.DiscussionThe results revealed that the expression of DLX5 was positively correlated with the severity of IVDD and that melatonin ameliorated DLX5‐induced apoptosis and extracellular matrix imbalance by inhibiting the TGF‐β/Smad signaling pathway. This study may provide therapeutic strategies to alleviate inflammation‐induced apoptosis IVDD‐associated inflammation‐induced apoptosis.ConclusionDLX5 plays an important role in IVDD progression by promoting apoptosis, and melatonin represents a promising therapeutic strategy for alleviating IVDD‐associated inflammation and apoptosis.
Field therapies for actinic keratosis: an Australian cost‐effectiveness analysis
Authors: Gu Yaron , Shah Kinar Mistry , Li Grace Xiaoying , Sebaratnam Deshan Frank , Sun Helen Yiling 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundActinic keratoses have a high prevalence in the older Australian population, with most patients presenting with field actinic damage. Despite this high prevalence, no field therapies are subsidised under the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme.ObjectivesTo determine which therapy for field actinic damage is the most cost‐effective when comparing 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU), imiquimod (IMQ), and methyl‐aminolevulinate photodynamic therapy (MAL‐PDT) at 12 months post‐treatment.MethodsA decision tree was constructed using TreeAge Pro, representing the likely clinical trajectories of patients with field actinic damage treated with 5‐FU, IMQ, and MAL‐PDT. The cost‐effectiveness analysis was performed from the patient perspective, assuming an outpatient setting. Efficacy data was derived from a single‐blinded, multi‐centre prospective randomised control trial. Cost data were derived from Australian dermatology clinics and pharmacies. One‐way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted.Results5‐FU was the most cost‐effective treatment. It was cheaper and more effective than all other treatments, with a cost‐effectiveness ratio of AU$201 per patient achieving ≥75% clearance in field actinic damage. The cost‐effectiveness ratios of IMQ, and MAL‐PDT were AU$940, and AU$8058 per patient achieving ≥75% clearance respectively. Both sensitivity analyses showed certainty in 5‐FU's dominance over the other treatments.Conclusions5‐FU is the most cost‐effective treatment option for Australian patients presenting with actinic field damage on the head area.
Therapeutic inertia in the management of patients with moderate to severe psoriasis: A systematic review of cross‐sectional studies
Authors: Ngo Jennifer Lavina , Chavez Czarina 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTherapeutic inertia (TI) is defined as the inability of physicians to intensify or initiate a more aggressive treatment in patients who need it. This study aims to explore the evidence behind TI in the management of patients with moderate to severe psoriasis and to determine the factors that contribute to its occurrence. An extensive literature search was conducted systematically in Cochrane Library, Medline, Epistemonikos, Google Scholar, and HERDIN Plus from their inception up to June 2023. Cross‐sectional studies that looked into TI in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis and discussed the factors that lead to its occurrence were included in the study. The review was limited to peer‐reviewed journals in the English language. Outcomes were presented as counts and percentages, and notable findings from each study were highlighted. Three thousand two hundred and fifty six records were identified but only 4 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. Based on the available evidence, the prevalence of TI in psoriasis varies from 25.4% to 35.6%. Its occurence is largely caused by physician‐related factors (reluctance to escalate treatment due to lack of knowledge and experience) and patient‐related factors (satisfaction with current treatment or refusal to change treatment due to psychological barriers). Healthcare system‐related factors were not directly explored. The limited data on TI in the management of moderate to severe psoriasis presents opportunities to further explore its prevalence, the factors contributing to it, and its effect on treatment outcomes.
Direct Linearly Polarized Emission in van der Waals LEDs via Flexoelectric Effect
Authors: Liu Xiaoya , Fu Qiang , Liao Haijun , Wu Zhicong , Sun Xudong , Xia Weiqiao , Tang Xiao , Wang Shixuan , Zhang Yuwei , Duan Zhexing , Taniguchi Takashi , Watanabe Kenji , Ma Liang , Hu Zhenliang , Ni Zhenhua , Lu Junpeng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFollowing the rapid development of information technology, modern polarized light, which is a critical component for display and data transmission, has been in demand for miniaturization and high efficiency, rendering two‐dimensional (2D) semiconductors potential candidates. The traditional polarized light is usually generated by external optical structures or polarizers that influence the scaling and bring up losses. Previous works have reported polarized light emission from inversion‐asymmetric 2D semiconductors such as black phosphorus (BP), black arsenide phosphorus (AsP), and rhenium disulfide (ReS2), however, their emission wavelengths are not in the visible range. Here, a direct emission of linearly polarized light is demonstrated from van der Waals light–emitting diodes (vdWLEDs) via the flexoelectric effects by inducing the non‐uniform strain in monolayer (ML) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs). In this work, the effects of strain including excitonic binding energy and exciton dipole moment distribution is analyzed by the density functional theory (DFT) then we show that linearly polarized photoluminescence (PL) with a degree of linear polarization (DOLP) of ≈17% can be realized at room temperature (RT), and the polarization angle is perpendicular to the direction of the strain‐gradient. By incorporating the strained ML TMDCs into vdWLEDs, electroluminescence (EL) with DOLP of ≈19% can be observed at RT. This work puts forward a direct and universal strategy for fabricating polarized LEDs based on inversion‐symmetric semiconductors.
Orthogonal Agent Comprising a Nitrile N‐Oxide and a Phenylcarbamate for Facile Molecular Integration on Styrne‐Butadiene Resin
Authors: Nozawa Sota , Nakajima Noriyuki , Hamada Masahiro , Koyama Yasuhito 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe covalent attachment of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEGylation) to materials minimizes non‐specific fouling of the material surface with biocomponents. While the PEGylation reaction on polar surfaces is widely used and regarded as a common technique, the PEGylation on less polar polymers and elastomers is extremely difficult due to the absence of reactive points with PEG terminus. Herein, the design and synthesis of an orthogonal agent with a nitrile N‐oxide and a phenyl carbamate that can mediate between an alkene and an amine are reported. The ligation capacity of the orthogonal agent is demonstrated through the model reaction to connect between 1‐hexene and 4‐methoxybenzylamine and the grafting reaction of PEG onto poly(styrene‐co‐butadiene) (SB) resin. The surface characteristics of PEGylated SB film are evaluated by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and contact angle measurements. Because SB resin is frequently used as a 3D‐printing polymer, the present study indicates that the orthogonal agent can be applicable to the surface modification of 3D‐printed objects precisely manufactured by using a computer‐aided design (CAD) file in the future.
Sonochemical Nitroxide‐Mediated Polymerization: Harnessing Sonochemistry for Polymer Synthesis
Authors: Pauly Christophe , Schlichter Lisa , Ravoo Bart Jan , Studer Armido 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn polymer science, mechanochemistry is emerging as a powerful tool for materials science and molecular synthesis, offering novel avenues for controlled polymerization and post‐synthetic modification. Building upon the previous research, nitroxide‐mediated polymerization (NMP) is merged with mechanochemistry through the design of nitroxide‐based mechanophore macroinitiators, pioneering the first instance of a sonochemical nitroxide‐mediated‐type polymerization. As NMP usually requires high temperatures, this study demonstrates that a sonochemical NMP‐type process allows polymerization under reduced temperatures down to 55 °C. Moreover, depending on the nature of the employed monomers, gelated networks are obtained, demonstrating the adaptability of the mechanophore system. This study elucidates the potential of mechanochemistry in polymer synthesis, offering insights into manipulating polymerization kinetics and advancing materials science applications.
Bacillus xiamenensis Inhibits the Growth of Moraxella osloensis by Producing Indole‐3‐Carboxaldehyde
Authors: Watanabe Masahiro , Sekino Yuika , Kuramochi Kouji , Furuyama Yuuki 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTMoraxella osloensis, a gram‐negative rod‐shaped bacterium found on human skin, produces 4‐methyl‐3‐hexenoic acid, contributing to clothing and body malodor. M. osloensis is resistant to UV light, drying, and antimicrobials, making its eradication challenging. As the skin is low in nutrients, commensal bacteria compete for resources and use diverse strategies to inhibit their competitors. Therefore, skin‐derived bacteria that exhibited growth‐inhibitory activity against M. osloensis were searched. Screening skin‐derived bacteria using a coculture halo assay revealed that Bacillus xiamenensis formed an inhibition zone with M. osloensis. Coculture plates were extracted with ethyl acetate and fractionated using a silica gel column and preparative thin‐layer chromatography to isolate the active compound from the B. xiamenensis metabolites. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy identified the active compound as indole‐3‐carboxaldehyde, which has low toxicity in humans. At soluble concentrations, indole‐3‐carboxaldehyde does not inhibit the growth of other bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Bacillus subtilis, suggesting M. osloensis is highly sensitive to indole‐3‐carboxaldehyde. These findings highlight B. xiamenensis as a promising candidate for the development of a skin probiotic to promote skin health and combat malodor‐causing bacteria.
Experience Among Postnatal Nurses With Two or Three Children Returning to Work Within 3 Months in China: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Liu Meng , Yang Guangling , Zhu Qingxiang , Chen Dan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAimTo analyse experience in postnatal nurses returning to work within 3 months following the delivery of a second or third child and recommend appropriate measures to relieve pressure and enhance work engagement among this group.MethodsThis study adopted a descriptive phenomenological approach. Semi‐structured interview was carried out with 12 postnatal nurses who had returned to work in the postpartum period following the delivery of a second or third child. The collected data were analysed using the Colaizzi method.ResultsExperience among postnatal nurses with two or three children was found to stem from three factors: declining physical quality after childbirth (pelvic floor disorder, fatigue, postpartum memory decline and sleep disturbance), poor psychological adjustment after childbirth (work–family conflict, conflict between clinical work and breastfeeding and role maladjustment) and lack of clear career planning.ConclusionThis study emphasised the importance of psychological experience when postnatal nurses returning to clinical work in the early phase. Postnatal nurses and nurse leaders can use these results to make comprehensive solution in order to improve work engagement in the postpartum return.Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Finite element based micromagnetic simulations of heterogeneous magnetic microstructures
Authors: Vorwerk Maximilian , Schröder Jörg 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMagnetic materials play a crucial role in our everyday lives. As permanent magnets, they are core components in electric motors such as generators for wind turbines, or, as magnetocaloric magnets, they have the potential to change the cooling technology of tomorrow. All of this makes these materials key contributors to “green” energy conversion technology. Accordingly, pushing the development of these materials with a special focus on the performance, efficiency, and harmlessness of the material components contained for humans and the environment is of crucial importance. This work deals with the finite element‐based simulations within the framework of the micromagnetic theory to numerically support the quest of characterizing novel magnetic materials. The main focus remains on the numerical modeling of permanent magnetic polycrystalline materials and the influence of grain boundaries on the effective magnetization. For this purpose, large‐scale simulations of permanent magnetic neodymium‐iron‐boron () samples are carried out and the influence of different mesh sizes on the effective magnetization behavior is investigated.