bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postcolonial Bifurcation: On John Sharpley'sEmptiness
Authors: LEE GAVIN S. K. 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTOne of the lesser‐known terms used by Gilles Deleuze to articulate his conception of difference – or, more accurately, of differentiation – as the condition of existence is ‘bifurcation’, the continuous process of splitting into ever‐more new pathways. Bifurcation is reflected in the life and music of the Texas‐born composer John Sharpley (b. 1955), who moved to Singapore in 1986. In hisEmptiness(2002) for Chinese and Western string quartets, chorus and percussion, which sets excerpts from Buddhist and Taoist texts, musical bifurcation is observed in the continuous splitting of modality from chromaticism at multiple structural levels. Musical bifurcation is paralleled in bifurcation in Sharpley's life, as reflected in his transcontinental migration and multiple mystical experiences. As a concept, bifurcation represents the diametric opposite of syncretism (combining), which dominates composers’ discourse and theorists’ analyses. By attending to the dynamics of bifurcation as musical and biographical processes, we might come to appreciate in its full ambiguity and complexity music that crosses cultures. In doing so, we gain further insights into musical orientalism.
In vitro susceptibility of dematiaceous fungi to nine antifungal agents determined by two different methods
Authors: Zheng Hailin , He Yun , Kan Siyue , Li Dongmei , Lv Guixia , Shen Yongnian , Mei Huan , Li Xiaofang , Liu Weida 
Published: January 2019

SummaryBackgroundThe infection rate for dematiaceous fungi has increased rapidly over the most recent decades. However, the treatment for such infections has been lacking in empirical support with oral antifungal agents.ObjectivesTo provide a better regimen for dematiaceous infections in future, the Sensititre YeastOne® colorimetric antifungal panels were used and compared with Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M38‐A2 reference broth microdilution method.MethodsTwo methods were used for nine antifungals against 67 dematiaceous fungi.ResultsVia two methods, we found that the MICs of itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole and amphotericin B were lower than fluconazole. The values obtained with CLSI method for four triazoles, 5‐flucytosine and amphotericin B were in high essential agreements with those observed by YeastOne® method. The results of echinocandins across the two methods showed some divergence, which might be attributed to the methodology itself, particularly when sensitivity was determined in the lowest concentration of the drug. In YeastOne® method, the results were defined as MICs, but as MECs in CLSI method.ConclusionsThe YeastOne® method appeared to be both easier and more efficient for dematiaceous fungi when compared with the CLSI method, and the agreement between the two methods was good for most common antifungals.
Contesting the nation: negotiating national narratives and the Jewish settlements
Authors: Aron Hadas 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWhy and how does national identity reopen for contestation? Existing theories argue that institutional design, social ties or elite manipulation alter the saliency and nature of national identity. These theories view the ethno‐nation as homogenous and shaped vis‐à‐vis other groups. However, I argue that we should examine the re‐emergence of nationalism as an intra‐national struggle between groups with different saliency and understandings of national identity: new issues can raise the importance of national identity for some members of the group but not others. Moreover, members develop diverging understandings of fundamentals of national identity such as citizenship, borders and the role of religion. To support the theory, the paper utilises original not yet studied archival materials to show that struggle over Jewish settlements in the Occupied Territories led to contestation of the saliency and meaning of Jewish Israeli national identity. Specifically, I analyse letters individuals sent to leading government officials in the early days of the settlements and show that settlement supporters tied the issue to Zionist ethos, injecting new content into Zionist identity. Meanwhile, national identity did not rise in importance or alter in meaning for settlement opposition. The method reveals individual understandings of national identity and points at broader societal divisions.
Identifying patient‐important outcomes in polycystic kidney disease: An international nominal group technique study
Authors: Cho Yeoungjee , Sautenet Benedicte , Gutman Talia , Rangan Gopala , Craig Jonathan C , Ong Albert C , Chapman Arlene , Ahn Curie , Coolican Helen , Kao Juliana T‐W , Gansevoort Ron , Perrone Ronald D , Harris Tess , Torres Vicente , Pei York , Kerr Peter G , Ryan Jessica , Johnson David W , Viecelli Andrea K , Geneste Claire , Kim Hyunsuk , Kim Yaerim , Oh Yun Kyu , Teixeira‐Pinto Armando , Logeman Charlotte , Howell Martin , Ju Angela , Manera Karine E , Tong Allison 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTAimPatients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) are at increased risk of premature mortality, morbidities and complications, which severely impair quality of life. However, patient‐centered outcomes are not consistently reported in trials in ADPKD, which can limit shared decision‐making. We aimed to identify outcomes important to patients and caregivers and the reasons for their priorities.MethodsNominal group technique was adopted involving patients with ADPKD and caregivers who were purposively selected from eight centres across Australia, France and the Republic of Korea. Participants identified, ranked and discussed outcomes for trials in ADPKD. We calculated an importance score (0–1) for each outcome and conducted thematic analyses.ResultsAcross 17 groups, 154 participants (121 patients, 33 caregivers) aged 19 to 78 (mean 54.5 years) identified 55 outcomes. The 10 highest ranked outcomes were: kidney function (importance score 0.36), end‐stage kidney disease (0.32), survival (0.21), cyst size/growth (0.20), cyst pain/bleeding (0.18), blood pressure (0.17), ability to work (0.16), cerebral aneurysm/stroke (0.14), mobility/physical function (0.12), and fatigue (0.12). Three themes were identified: threatening semblance of normality, inability to control and making sense of diverse risks.ConclusionFor patients with ADPKD and their caregivers, kidney function, delayed progression to end‐stage kidney disease and survival were the highest priorities, and were focused on achieving normality, and maintaining control over health and lifestyle. Implementing these patient‐important outcomes may improve the meaning and relevance of trials to inform clinical care in ADPKD.
Chronic kidney disease, Queensland: Profile of patients with chronic kidney disease from regional Queensland, Australia: A registry report
Authors: Venuthurupalli Sree K , Healy Helen , Fassett Robert , Cameron Anne , Wang Zaimin , Hoy Wendy E 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTBackgroundChronic kidney disease, Queensland (CKD.QLD) is a multidisciplinary, collaborative research platform for CKD in Queensland. Most public renal services contribute towards the CKD Registry, including Toowoomba Hospital, which is a referral hospital for Darling Downs Health serving a largely regional population in Queensland. We aim to present the profile of the CKD cohort recruited to the CKD.QLD Registry from Toowoomba Hospital, the first comprehensive report on a pre‐dialysis population from regional Australia.MethodsStudy subjects were patients in the Darling Downs Health Service who consented to be included in the CKD.QLD registry from June 2011 to December 2016. Those who were on renal replacement therapy (RRT) were excluded. Patients were followed until date of RRT, death, discharge or loss to follow up or a censor date of 30th June 2017.ResultsOverall 1051 subjects, representing 13% of all CKD.QLD Registry patients gave consent of whom, 42.7% were ≥70 years of age. The mean age was 63.8 ± 15.1 years (median age 67 years) with male predominance (55.4%). The majority were born in Australia (86.4%). Aboriginal and Torre Strait Islanders (A&TSI) constituted 9.6% of the cohort. The predominant CKD stages were 3b (28.9%) and 4 (27.7%). Hypertension and diabetes were noted in 91% and 44% of subjects, respectively. Diabetic nephropathy was the leading cause of CKD (26.7%) followed by renovascular disease (17.3%) and glomerulonephritis (14.8%). In 12%, the diagnosis was uncertain. Major co‐morbidities included coronary artery disease (24.7%) chronic lung disease (14.8%), cerebrovascular disease (11.6%) and peripheral vascular disease (8.9%). Non‐vascular co‐morbidities included arthritis (24.6%), gout (23.6%) and gastro‐oesophageal reflux disease (19%). The multi‐morbidity profile was differed by gender, diabetic status and age. Over a follow‐up period upto 72 months, 93 (8.8%) started RRT and 175 (16.6%) died. Of those 82% died without RRT and 18% died after RRT.ConclusionThis CKD Registry cohort from regional Queensland consisted mainly of older Caucasians with male predominance. A&TSI patients were overrepresented compared to the overall population. A significant proportion had cardio‐vascular disease and multiple co‐morbidities which differed by gender, diabetic status and age. This report provides valuable data for health services planning and delivery in regional Queensland.
QX‐314 inhibits acid‐induced activation of esophageal nociceptive C fiber neurons
Authors: Hu Youtian , Yu Xiaoyun , Yu Shaoyong 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIntroductionAcid reflux in the esophagus can induce painful sensations such as heartburn and non‐cardiac chest pain. These nociceptive symptoms are initiated by activation of TRPV1‐positive afferent C fibers in the esophagus. The present study aimed to explore a novel C fiber inhibition approach. We hypothesized that activation of TRPV1 by acid enabled QX‐314, a membrane impermeable sodium channel blocker, to inhibit acid‐induced activation of esophageal nociceptive C fiber neurons.MethodWe determined the inhibitory effect of QX‐314 in the presence of acid in guinea pig esophageal nociceptive vagal jugular C fiber neurons by both patch clamp recording in neuron soma and by extra‐cellular recording at nerve terminals.Key ResultsOur data demonstrated QX‐314 alone did not inhibit sodium currents. However, when applied along with capsaicin to activate TRPV1, QX‐314 was able to block sodium currents in esophageal‐specific jugular C fiber neurons. We then showed that in the presence of acid, QX‐314 significantly blocked acid‐evoked activation of jugular C fiber neurons. This effect was attenuated by TRPV1 antagonist AMG9810, suggesting acid‐mediated inhibitory effect of QX‐314 was TRPV1‐dependent. Finally, we provided evidence at nerve endings that acid‐evoked action potential discharges in esophageal jugular C fibers were inhibited by QX‐314 when applied in the presence of acid.Conclusion and InferencesOur data demonstrated that activation of TRPV1 by acid enabled membrane impermeable sodium channel blocker QX‐314 to inhibit acid‐induced activation in esophageal nociceptive C fibers. This supports a localized application of QX‐314 in the esophagus to block esophageal nociception in acid reflux disorders.
Familial chronic megacolon presenting in childhood or adulthood: Seeking the presumed gene association
Authors: Camilleri Michael , Wieben Eric , Eckert Deborah , Carlson Paula , Hurley O’Dwyer Ralph , Gibbons Denys , Acosta Andres , Klee Eric W. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveWe identified a pedigree over five generations with 49 members, some of whom had chronic megacolon presenting in adolescence or adulthood. We aimed to assess the genetic cause of chronic megacolon through clinical and DNA studies.DesignAfter ethical approval and informed consent, family members provided answers to standard bowel disease questionnaires, radiological or surgical records, and DNA (buccal mucosal scraping). Exome DNA sequencing of colon tissue or blood DNA from seven family members with colon or duodenal dilatation, or no megacolon (n = 1) was carried out. Sanger sequencing was performed in 22 additional family members to further evaluate candidate variants. The study focused on genes of potential relevance to enteric nerve (ENS) maturation and Hirschsprung's disease or megacolon, based on the literature (GFRA1, NKX2‐1, KIF26A, TPM3, ACTG2, SCN10A, and C17orf107 [CHRNE]) and other genetic variants that co‐segregated with megacolon in the six affected family members.ResultsInformation was available in all except five members alive at time of study; among 30 members who provided DNA, six had definite megacolon, one megaduodenum, seven significant constipation without bowel dilatation, and 16 normal bowel function by questionnaire. Among genes studied, SEMA3F (g.3:50225360A>G; c1873A>G) was found in 6/6 family members with megacolon. The SEMA3F gene variant was assessed as potentially pathogenic, based on M‐CAP in silico prediction. SEMA3F function is associated with genes (KIT and PDGFRB) that impact intestinal pacemaker function.ConclusionFamilial chronic megacolon appears to be associated with SEMA3F, which is associated with genes impacting enteric nerve or pacemaker function.
Nodule‐specific PLAT domain proteins are expanded in the Medicago lineage and required for nodulation
Authors: Trujillo Diana I. , Silverstein Kevin A. T. , Young Nevin D. 
Published: January 2019

Summary

Symbiotic nitrogen fixation in legumes is mediated by an interplay of signaling processes between plant hosts and rhizobial symbionts. In legumes, several secreted protein families have undergone expansions and play key roles in nodulation. Thus, identifying lineage‐specific expansions (LSEs) of nodulation‐associated genes can be a strategy to discover candidate gene families.

Using bioinformatic tools, we identified 13 LSEs of nodulation‐related secreted protein families, each unique to either Glycine, Arachis or Medicago lineages. In the Medicago lineage, nodule‐specific Polycystin‐1, Lipoxygenase, Alpha Toxin (PLAT) domain proteins (NPDs) expanded to five members. We examined NPD function using CRISPR/Cas9 multiplex genome editing to create Medicago truncatula NPD knockout lines, targeting one to five NPD genes.

Mutant lines with differing combinations of NPD gene inactivations had progressively smaller nodules, earlier onset of nodule senescence, or ineffective nodules compared to the wild‐type control. Double‐ and triple‐knockout lines showed dissimilar nodulation phenotypes but coincided in upregulation of a DHHC‐type zinc finger and an aspartyl protease gene, possible candidates for the observed disturbance of proper nodule function.

By postulating that gene family expansions can be used to detect candidate genes, we identified a family of nodule‐specific PLAT domain proteins and confirmed that they play a role in successful nodule formation.
Decreased regional brain activity in response to sleep‐related sounds after cognitive behavioral therapy for psychophysiological insomnia
Authors: Kim Nambeom , Kang Seung‐Gul , Lee Yu Jin , Kim Seog Ju , Kim Soohyun , Choi Jae‐Won , Oh Seong Min , Park Juhyun , Gwak Ah Reum , Kim Hang‐Keun , Jeong Do‐Un 
Published: January 2019

AimPatients with psychophysiological insomnia (PI) experience hyperarousal, especially as a reaction to sound stimuli. In the current study, we explored brain activity changes in response to sleep‐related sounds (SS) in patients with insomnia after cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT‐I).MethodsIn 14 drug‐free PI patients, regional brain activity in response to SS, and to white noise sound (NS) as neutral stimuli, was investigated before and after individual CBT‐I using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Blood oxygen level‐dependent (BOLD) signals to SS and NS were compared before and after CBT‐I. In addition, the association between clinical improvement after CBT‐I and changes in brain activity in response to SS and NS was analyzed.ResultsCompared with baseline, regional brain activity in response to SS after CBT‐I decreased in the left middle temporal and left middle occipital gyrus. In regression analysis, a reduction in the Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep (DBAS) Scale score after CBT‐I was associated with decrease in brain activity in response to SS in both thalami. However, brain activity in response to NS showed no BOLD signal changes and no association with DBAS change.ConclusionCortical hyperactivity, which may cause hyperarousal in PI, was found to decrease after CBT‐I. CBT‐I targeting changes in beliefs and attitudes about sleep may induce its therapeutic effects by reducing thalamic brain activity in response to sleep‐related stimuli.
Attention to a threat‐related feature does not interfere with concurrent attentive feature selection
Authors: Boylan Maeve R. , Kelly Mia N. , Thigpen Nina N. , Keil Andreas 
Published: January 2019

AbstractVisual features associated with a task and those that predict noxious events both prompt selectively heightened visuocortical responses. Conflicting views exist regarding how the competition between a task‐related and a threat‐related feature is resolved when they co‐occur in time and space. Utilizing aversive classical Pavlovian conditioning, we investigated the visuocortical representation of two simultaneously presented, fully overlapping visual stimuli. Isoluminant red and green random dot kinematogram (RDK) stimuli were flickered at distinct tagging frequencies (8.57 Hz, 12 Hz) to elicit distinguishable steady‐state visual evoked potentials (ssVEPs). Occasional coherent motion events prompted a motor response (task) or predicted a noxious noise (threat). These events occurred either in the green (task cue), the red (threat cue), or in both RDKs simultaneously. In the initial habituation phase, participants responded to coherent motion of the green RDK with a key press, but no loud noise was presented at any time. Here, selective amplification was seen for the task‐relevant (green) RDK, and interference was observed when both RDKs simultaneously showed coherent motion. Upon pairing the threat cue with the noxious noise in the subsequent acquisition phase, the threat cue‐evoked ssVEP (red RDK) was also amplified, but this amplification did not interact with amplification of the task cue or alter the behavioral or visuocortical interference effect observed during simultaneous coherent motion. Although competing feature conjunctions resulted in interference in the visual cortex, the acquisition of a bias toward an individual threat‐related feature did not result in additional cost effects.
Interoception and respiratory sinus arrhythmia in gambling disorder
Authors: Kennedy Dawn , Goshko Caylee‐Britt , Murch W. Spencer , Limbrick‐Oldfield Eve H. , Dunn Barnaby D. , Clark Luke 
Published: January 2019

AbstractGambling has longstanding links with excitement and physiological arousal, but prior research has not considered (a) gamblers’ ability to detect internal physiological signals, or (b) markers of parasympathetic functioning. The present study measured interoception in individuals with gambling disorder, using self‐report measures and a heartbeat counting task administered at rest. Resting state respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), an index of heart rate variability, was measured as a proxy for parasympathetic control and emotional regulation capacity. In a case‐control design, 50 individuals with gambling disorder were compared against 35 controls without gambling problems. Participants completed two self‐report measures of bodily awareness and a behavioral test of heartbeat counting. A resting state electrocardiogram (5 min) was used to calculate RSA. There were no significant differences on the self‐report or behavioral interoception probes. The group with gambling disorder displayed significantly reduced RSA, which at face value is consistent with reduced parasympathetic control. However, the group difference in RSA did not survive controlling for age and smoking status, as established predictors of heart rate variability. Our findings do not support any changes in interoceptive processing in people with gambling disorder, at least under resting conditions. Our observation that group differences in RSA are partly explained by smoking behavior highlights the importance of controlling for nicotine use in future research characterizing physiological functioning and emotional regulation in disordered gambling.
Rapid versus gradual lung function decline in bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation is associated with survival outcome
Authors: Kwok Wang‐Chun , Liang Bin‐Miao , Lui Macy M.S. , Tam Terence C.C. , Sim Joycelyn P.Y. , Tse Eric W.C. , Leung Anskar Y.H. , Kwong Yok L. , Lie Albert K.W. , Ip Mary S.M. , Lam David C.L. 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTBackground and objectiveBronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) presents with lung function decline. The pattern of lung function decline after BOS diagnosis could impact prognostication of BOS as a complication after HSCT. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of lung function decline on overall survival (OS) in BOS subjects.MethodsSubjects with BOS were compared to those without BOS and matched for age, gender, primary diagnoses, conditioning regimes and chronic graft versus host disease. Lung function tests at baseline, at BOS diagnosis and every 3 months after HSCT were evaluated.ResultsOf the 1461 subjects undergoing allogeneic HSCT (allo‐HSCT) between 1998 and 2015, 95 (6.5%) were diagnosed with BOS. A total of 159 matched HSCT recipients without BOS were identified. A 25% decline in FEV1 within the first 3 months after BOS diagnosis would separate BOS subjects into a subgroup with initial rapid decline and another subgroup with initial gradual decline in lung function. The rapid decline group showed lower subsequent lung function parameters and significantly worse OS compared to the gradual decline group (P = 0.013).ConclusionPost‐HSCT BOS subjects with initial rapid lung function decline within 3 months after BOS diagnosis will have significantly poorer lung function and worse OS compared to those with initial gradual decline in lung function after BOS diagnosis. HSCT BOS patients with rapid initial decline in lung function warrant closer monitoring for the development of other post‐HSCT complications that could affect their survival.