bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The VANDELS survey: the role of ISM and galaxy physical properties in the escape of Lyα emission in z ∼ 3.5 star-forming galaxies
Authors: Marchi F. , Pentericci L. , Guaita L. , Talia M. , Castellano M. , Hathi N. , Schaerer D. , Amorin R. , Bolzonella M. , Carnall A. C. , Charlot S. , Chevallard J. , Cullen F. , Finkelstein S. L. , Fontana A. , Fontanot F. , Garilli B. , Hibon P. , Koekemoer A. M. , Maccagni D. , McLure R. J. , Papovich C. , Pozzetti L. , Saxena A. 
Published: September 2019

Aims. We wish to investigate the physical properties of a sample of Lyα emitting galaxies in the VANDELS survey, with particular focus on the role of kinematics and neutral hydrogen column density in the escape and spatial distribution of Lyα photons.
Methods. From all the Lyα emitting galaxies in the VANDELS Data Release 2 at 3.5 ≲ z ≲ 4.5, we selected a sample of 52 galaxies that also have a precise systemic redshift determination from at least one nebular emission line (HeII or CIII]). For these galaxies, we derived different physical properties (stellar mass, age, dust extinction, and star formation rate) from spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting of the exquisite multiwavelength photometry available in the VANDELS fields, using the dedicated spectral modeling tool BEAGLE and the UV β slope from the observed photometry. We characterized the Lyα emission in terms of kinematics, equivalent width (EW), full width at half-maximum, and spatial extension and then estimated the velocity of the neutral outflowing gas. The ultra-deep VANDELS spectra (up to 80 h on-source integration) enable this for individual galaxies without the need to rely on stacks. We then investigated the correlations between the Lyα properties and the other measured properties to study how they affect the shape and intensity of Lyα emission.
Results. We reproduce some of the well-known correlations between Lyα EW and stellar mass, dust extinction, and UV β slope, in the sense that the emission line appears brighter in galaxies with lower mass that are less dusty and bluer. We do not find any correlation with the SED-derived star formation rate, while we find that galaxies with brighter Lyα tend to be more compact in both UV and in Lyα. Our data reveal an interesting correlation between the Lyα velocity offset and the shift of the interstellar absorption lines with respect to the systemic redshift, observed for the first time at high redshifts: galaxies with higher interstellar medium (ISM) outflow velocities show smaller Lyα velocity shifts. We interpret this relation in the context of the shell-model scenario, where the velocity of the ISM and the HI column density contribute together in determining the Lyα kinematics. In support to our interpretation, we observe that galaxies with high HI column densities have much more extended Lyα spatial profiles; this is a sign of increased scattering. However, we do not find any evidence that the HI column density is related to any other physical properties of the galaxies, although this might be due in part to the limited range of parameters that our sample spans.
Realization of a multifrequency celestial reference frame through a combination of normal equation systems
Authors: Karbon M. , Nothnagel A. 
Published: September 2019

Context. We present a celestial reference frame (CRF) based on the combination of independent, multifrequency radio source position catalogs using nearly 40 years of very long baseline interferometry observations at the standard geodetic frequencies at SX band and about 15 years of observations at higher frequencies (K and XKa). The final catalog contains 4617 sources.
Aims. We produce a multifrequency catalog of radio source positions with full variance–covariance information across all radio source positions of all input catalogs.
Methods. We combined three catalogs, one observed at 8 GHz (X band), one at 24 GHz (K band) and one at 32 GHz (Ka band). Rather than only using the radio source positions, we developed a new, rigorous combination approach by carrying over the full covariance information through the process of adding normal equation systems. Special validation routines were used to characterize the random and systematic errors between the input reference frames and the combined catalog.
Results. The resulting CRF contains precise positions of 4617 compact radio astronomical objects, 4536 measured at 8 GHz, 824 sources also observed at 24 GHz, and 674 at 32 GHz. The frame is aligned with ICRF3 within ±3 μas and shows an average positional uncertainty of 0.1 mas in right ascension and declination. No significant deformations can be identified. Comparisons with Gaia-CRF remain inconclusive, nonetheless significant differences between all frames can be attested.
Die Geschichte der Nebenschilddrüsen
Authors: Kokenge Ferdinand 
Published: September 2019

ZusammenfassungNeben der ersten anatomischen und mikroskopischen Beschreibung der Nebenschilddrüsen und ihrer Namensgebung durch Ivar Victor Sandström 1880 wird der Beitrag vieler Pathologen, Physiologen und Chirurgen in den folgenden Jahrzehnten bis zur Aufdeckung ihrer Funktion und ihrer Erkrankungen beschrieben. Eingegangen wird auf den mit einigen Irrwegen belasteten Erkenntnisgewinn zum primären Hyperparathyreoidismus, auf die erste Operation durch Felix Mandl 1925 und auf die aktuellen Therapieempfehlungen. Es schließt sich ein kurzer Abschnitt über den Hypoparathyreoidismus an.
Effect of Silver Diamine Fluoride and Proanthocyanidin on Mechanical Properties of Caries-Affected Dentin
Authors: Firouzmandi Maryam , Shafiei Fereshteh , Jowkar Zahra , Nazemi Fereshteh 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objectives Inner carious dentin is specified with decreased minerals and collagen cross-links but without protein denaturation. Current minimally invasive dentistry concepts recommend removal of only the outer layer of carious dentin and biomodification of repairable inner carious dentin. The present study aims to investigate the possibility of functional repair of this layer using silver diamine fluoride (SDF) and grape seed extract (GSE).
Materials and Methods Molar teeth with occlusal caries were used to prepare caries-affected dentin specimens for hardness and elastic modulus measurements. The specimens of each test were divided randomly into four equal groups. In the GSE group, the specimens were immersed in 6.5% GSE solution for 10 minutes. In the SDF group, the specimens underwent a topical application of a 30% SDF. In the GSE+SDF group, first the specimens were immersed in GSE and then exposed to SDF. In the SDF+GSE group, first SDF was applied and then the specimens were immersed in GSE. Microhardness measurements were taken at baseline and after treatment. A control group with distilled water treatment was also prepared for elastic modulus measurements.
Statistical Analysis One-way analysis of variance and post-hoc tests were used for statistical analysis.
Results There were significant differences in H1-H0 (final hardness—baseline hardness) among the groups. Baseline and final hardness of each group was also significantly different (SDF>SDF+GSE>GSE>GSE+SDF). Elastic modulus of SDF and SDF+GSE increased compared to the control group.
Conclusions SDF and SDF+GSE treatment can be recommended to increase hardness and elastic modulus of caries-affected dentin.
Vulvar Tuberculosis—A Rare Manifestation of the Disease
Authors: Bragança Cristina , Gonçalves Inês , Guerreiro Luísa , Janeiro Maria 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. According to data from the World Health Organization, this disease remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Although it most commonly affects the lungs, tuberculosis can compromise any organ. The present study reports a rare case of vulvar tuberculosis in a postmenopausal woman with a history of asymptomatic pulmonary and pleural tuberculosis, with no prior documented contact with the bacillus. Diagnosis was based on vulvar lesion biopsies, with histological findings suggestive of infection and isolation of M. tuberculosis by microbiological culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) essays. The lesions reverted to normal after tuberculostatic therapy.
‘When they come, we don’t send them back’: counter-narratives of ‘medical xenophobia’ in South Africa’s public health care system
Authors: Vanyoro Kudakwashe P. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractRelying on the experiences of migrant patients, research on migration and health in South Africa has documented a particular concern with public health care providers as indiscriminately practicing ‘medical xenophobia’. This article argues that there is more complexity, ambivalence, and a range of possible experiences of non-nationals in South Africa’s public health care system than the current extant literature on ‘medical xenophobia’ has suggested. Based upon in-depth interviews with frontline health care providers and participant observation at a public health care clinic in Musina sub-District, this article demonstrates how discretion may play a crucial role in inclusive health care delivery to migrants in a country marred by high xenophobic sentiment. It finds that in spite of several institutional and policy-related challenges, frontline health care providers in Musina provided public health care services and HIV treatment to black African migrants who are often at the receiving end of xenophobic sentiment and violence. The article concludes that citizenship, nationality or legal status alone do not appear to tell us much as ‘bureaucratic incorporation’ and ‘therapeutic citizenship’ are some of the modalities through which migrants are constantly being (re)defined by some of South Africa’s health care providers.
Transient induction of telomerase expression mediates senescence and reduces tumorigenesis in primary fibroblasts
Authors: Sun Linlin , Chiang Jeffrey Y. , Choi Ji Young , Xiong Zheng-Mei , Mao Xiaojing , Collins Francis S. , Hodes Richard J. , Cao Kan 
Published: September 2019

Significance
In the classic view, telomerase is silenced in terminally differentiated cells and its reactivation supports immortalization and unlimited growth of most cancers. Here, we determine the involvement of telomerase during replicative senescence in primary fibroblasts from mouse and human. In both cases, we find that cells that are unable to produce telomerase approach cellular senescence earlier and exhibit a significantly higher rate of malignant transformation than the control cells. Furthermore, an evident upregulation of telomerase expression is detected in wild-type control cells at the presenescence stage, which is accountable for the protection. In conclusion, this study suggests that telomerase has a previously underappreciated, protective role in buffering senescence stresses due to short, dysfunctional telomeres, thereby preventing malignant transformation.
Aspartate racemase and d-aspartate in starfish; possible involvement in testicular maturation
Authors: Shibata Kimihiko , Sugaya Noriko , Kuboki Yuko , Matsuda Hiroko , Abe Katsumasa , Takahashi Shouji , Kera Yoshio 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
d-Aspartate, aspartate racemase activity, and d-aspartate oxidase activity were detected in tissues from several types of starfish. Aspartate racemase activity in male testes of Patiria pectinifera was significantly elevated in the summer months of the breeding season compared with spring months. We also compared aspartate racemase activity with the gonad index and found that activity in individuals with a gonad index ≥6% was four-fold higher than that of individuals with a gonad index &lt;6%. The ratio of the D-form of aspartate to total aspartate was approximately 25% in testes with a gonad index &lt;6% and this increased to approximately 40% in testes with a gonad index ≥6%. However, such changes were not observed in female ovaries. Administration of d-aspartate into male starfish caused testicular growth. These results indicate the possible involvement of aspartate racemase and d-aspartate in testicular maturation in echinoderm starfish.
Active particles in geometrically confined viscoelastic fluids
Authors: Narinder N , Gomez-Solano Juan Ruben , Bechinger Clemens 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We experimentally study the dynamics of active particles (APs) in a viscoelastic fluid under various geometrical constraints such as flat walls, spherical obstacles and cylindrical cavities. We observe that the main effect of the confined viscoelastic fluid is to induce an effective repulsion on the APs when moving close to a rigid surface, which depends on the incident angle, the surface curvature and the particle activity. Additionally, the geometrical confinement imposes an asymmetry to their movement, which leads to strong hydrodynamic torques, thus resulting in detention times on the wall surface orders of magnitude shorter than suggested by thermal diffusion. We show that such viscoelasticity-mediated interactions have striking consequences on the behavior of multi-AP systems strongly confined in a circular pore. In particular, these systems exhibit a transition from liquid-like behavior to a highly ordered state upon increasing their activity. A further increase in activity melts the order, thus leading to a re-entrant liquid-like behavior.
Temperature effect on the diamagnetic susceptibility of a shallow magneto-donor in GaAs/AlAs Quantum Box
Authors: Chrafih Y , Rahmani K , Janati Edrissi S , M’zerd S , Khenfouch M , Zorkani I , Najih Y 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we have studied the influence of the temperature on the diamagnetic susceptibility of a shallow donor confined to move in a quantum box (QB) made out of GaAs/Ga1−xAlxAs with a uniform magnetic field. The Hass variational method within the effective mass approximation is used in the case of finite barrier confining potential. In the calculation, we have taken account of the electronic effective mass, dielectric constant and conduction band offset between the dot and the barriers varying with the temperature. We present our results as a function of the size of the box and the magnetic field intensity. The results obtained show that the temperature and the magnetic field effects on the diamagnetic susceptibility are appreciable and more pronounced for large dot. A good agreement is obtained with the existing literature.
Evaluation of the performance of an ionization chamber cylindrical (PTW) by the ELEKTA linear accelerator: Case of pulsed radiation
Authors: El Hajami A. , Dadouch A. , Tajmouati J. , Maghnouj A. , Ali Youssoufi M. , El Baraka M. , Bardane A. , El Bekouri H. , Moussahim F. , Mribah A 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The performance evaluation of cavity cylindrical ionization chamber dosimeters is the basis for the evolution of radiotherapy treatment processes. Studies focused on the statistical and physical performances of the ionization chamber dosimeter used in the radiotherapy department at the hospital oncology CHU-Fez-Morocco. This allowed having a qualitative and quantitative critical view, which is based on previous studies and works. The diagnostic of the dispersion results was calculated between measurements that were taken by the same dosimeter under different test conditions. These tests were then rechecked against two different operators. The general purpose of our study is to optimize measurement and treatment processes, with the desired level of quality according to international standards and protocols. The evaluation of this dosimeter is made by a source of pulsed radiation. This evaluation is carried out using an ELEKTA linear accelerator, using photon beams (6, 10 and 18 Mev). Experimental Results confirmed that the response of the cylindrical ionization chamber depends on several parameters, which influence the performance of the device/machine. The study reveals a total dosimeter uncertainty of the order 3.25 %, which is in the international standards. Even, this can cause an effect on the performance of the ionization chamber detector.
Review on Model and Algorithms of the Post-Disaster Relief Distribution Problem
Authors: Yin Siyang , Du Lijing , Xia Yinfeng , Ye Zheng 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
With the global economic development and the instability of the political structure, in recent years, the occurrence of major disasters around the world has shown an intensified trend. This paper reviews on the model and algorithm of relief distribution in emergency logistics. Systematically analyzing the present academic research on relief distribution, this paper classified researchers into four categories: Vehicle Routing Problems; Inventory Routing Problems; Location Problems; location Routing Problems. Finally, we draw a conclusion of emergency logistics and propose a new study direction of relief distribution in the future research.
A Contrastive Study of Chinese Text Segmentation Tools in Marketing Notification Texts
Authors: Zhang Xianwei , Wu Peng , Cai Jiuming , Wang Kun 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
It is necessary to analyze and mining marketing notification texts because there are various commercial information. The base of the operation is Chinese word segmentation. The speed and accuracy of word segmentation have important influence on the subsequent texts mining. We compared accuracy, recall, and F-value of four open-source Chinese word segmentation tools (Ansj, HanLP, Word and Jieba) on the third-party datasets. Then, we compared the segmentation speed of the four tools on one million marketing notification texts. Finally, we segmented 5, 000 marketing notification texts artificially. We evaluated the performance of these segmentation tools by the results of artificial segmentation, which are known as evaluate standard. The experiments show the Base mode of the Ansj is the fastest. The HanLP is a best segmentation tool for balancing speed and accuracy of word segmentation. After adding a custom dictionary, the effect of word segmentation has been significantly improved.
Faulty Diagnosis of Network Video Surveillance System of X Vocational Education Centre, XI’AN
Authors: Liu Junfeng 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Aiming at the problems of the projects of government procurement of computer network video surveillance systems in terms of design, construction, management have been existing, this paper would found them through a survey with help of instruments, such as Network Connectivity Tester, etc. diagnosing the faults of the network Video Surveillance System of X vocational education centre in Xi’an. These problems include the faulty of network topology design, not standardized network engineering construction, material use issues and problems of not clear video surveillance images, and the author makes recommendations related to repair of the video surveillance system for accumulating experiences for improving management of government procurement project and raising the quality of network integration construction.
Personalized Resource Recommendation Based on Collaborative Filtering Algorithm
Authors: Mo Dongmin , Chen Xue-Gang , Duan Sheng , Wang Lu-Da , Wu Qian , Zhang Meiling , Xie Lanqing 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Digital libraries can satisfy people’s demand for books and real-time information resources, but because digital libraries have huge resources, users cannot find the resources they need in time, at this time, personalized recommendation methods become an effective way to solve the problem. This paper takes collaborative filtering algorithm based on user recommendation as the research object, analyses the principle of the algorithm and the problem of sparse scoring data, an improved collaborative filtering algorithm is proposed, the algorithm sets scoring by borrowing time, and takes the sum of multiple user scoring as the scoring among users, then, according to the similarity of book content, the user’s scoring of non-scored books is predicted. The proposed algorithm is applied to the digital book recommendation system to obtain better recommendation performance, compared with traditional methods, and the recommendation system based on this algorithm can get more recommendation results close to the needs of readers.
User-perceived Information Visualization Method in Human Body Acupoint System
Authors: Hu Xiaomei , Miao Jiashu , Zhu Xinyu , Chai Jianfei 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Information visualization is a trend and research hotspot in various fields. This paper constructs a user-perceived information visualization framework and applies it to the human acupoint system. A user-perceptual visualization method of three-layer architecture is proposed. A unified storage method and access interface are provided in the data unified layer to effectively manage data information. Then, in the user perception layer, the K-means clustering method is used to generate the expected interface of the system, which reduces the processing tasks of the subsequent visualization process. The visual implementation layer forms an actual interface for interface design such as interaction, navigation, and the like of the content of the intended interface. Finally, an application example of the acupoint system is given, which proves that the method can complete the visualization from the source data to the actual interface.
Password-based Selective Linkable Convertible Ring Blind Signature
Authors: Zhang Yulei , Song Tingting , Zhang Yongjie 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Ring signature has become an important way of privacy protection because of its anonymity and the spontaneity of ring members. It has been widely used in the field of information security. Password-based alternative linkable convertible ring blind signature scheme combines the advantages of strong anonymity of ring signature and blindness of blind signature to signature message, and adds the optional linkable and convertible characteristics, which makes it more secure than other schemes, and can also transform ring signature into ordinary signature in special occasions. At the same time, under the random oracle model, the scheme satisfies the unforgeability under the adaptive selection message attack. Performance analysis shows that the scheme has high operating efficiency.
The Organization of Point Cloud Data Based on the Compact Octree Model
Authors: Tian Song , Li Xuerui , Zeng Jisheng , Wei Zheng 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
While using the octree model to organize a huge amount of scattered point cloud data, it is easy to generate an unbalanced tree structure. Thus, a compact octree model is proposed. It reconstructs the minimum bounding cuboid of each child node to shrink its spatial scope after each division, which effectively decreases the tree depth of scattered point cloud data. Through a series of tests, we verify the feasibility of our proposed spatial index model.
A Bio-molecular Sensor Based on Optical Weak Measurement
Authors: Xiong Nian , Wang Xiangnan , Shi Lixuan , Xu Yang , Guan Tian , He Yonghong 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We developed a phase-sensitive sensor based on the optical weak measurement for label-free detection of biomolecular interaction. The weak value amplification system can be implemented in common-path with total internal reflection structure. The phase difference between p and s polarizations caused by biomolecular recognition is measured by the central wavelength shift of the frequency domain weak measurement system. Structure of p and s polarizations in common-path makes system robust and stable. The applicability is illustrated by real-time monitoring interaction of biomolecules.