bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discovery of a strong ionized-gas outflow in an AKARI-selected ultra-luminous infrared galaxy at $z$ = 0.5
Authors: Chen Xiaoyang , Akiyama Masayuki , Noda Hirofumi , Abdurro’uf  , Toba Yoshiki , Yamamura Issei , Kawaguchi Toshihiro , Kokubo Mitsuru , Ichikawa Kohei 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
In order to construct a sample of ultra-luminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs; with infrared luminosity LIR &gt; 1012 L${_{\odot} }$) at 0.5 &lt; $z$ &lt; 1, we are conducting an optical follow-up program for bright 90 μm far-infrared sources with a faint optical (i &lt; 20 mag) counterpart selected in the AKARI Far-Infrared Surveyor (FIS) Bright Source catalog (Ver.2). AKARI-FIS-V2 J0916248+073034, identified as a ULIRG at $z$ = 0.49 in the spectroscopic follow-up observation, indicates signatures of an extremely strong outflow in its emission line profiles. Its [O iii] 5007 Å emission line shows a full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of 1830 km s−1 and velocity shift of −770 km s−1 relative to the stellar absorption lines. Furthermore, the low-ionization [O ii] 3726 Å 3729 Å doublet also shows a large FWHM of 910 km s−1 and velocity shift of −380 km s−1. After the removal of an unresolved nuclear component, the long-slit spectroscopy 2D image possibly shows that the outflow extends to a radius of 4 kpc. The mass outflow and energy ejection rates are estimated to be 500 M${_{\odot} }$ yr−1 and 4 × 1044 erg s−1, respectively, which imply that the outflow is among the most powerful ones observed in ULIRGs and quasi-stellar objects at 0.3 &lt; $z$ &lt; 1.6. The co-existence of the strong outflow and intense star formation (star formation rate of 990 M${_{\odot} }$ yr−1) indicates that the feedback of the strong outflow has not severely affected the star-forming region of the galaxy.
Land Plus Aquatic Therapy Versus Land-Based Rehabilitation Alone for the Treatment of Freezing of Gait in Parkinson Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Clerici Ilaria , Maestri Roberto , Bonetti Francesca , Ortelli Paola , Volpe Daniele , Ferrazzoli Davide , Frazzitta Giuseppe 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundFreezing of gait (FOG) is one of the most disabling symptoms of Parkinson disease (PD). Different land-based rehabilitation approaches based on motor and cognitive strategies can be effective in treating FOG. Although there are data about the efficacy of aquatic therapy in ameliorating this phenomenon, no study has explored the combined effect of land-based therapies plus aquatic therapy in patients with PD who have FOG.ObjectiveThe objective was to investigate the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary, intensive, motor-cognitive rehabilitation treatment (MIRT) in improving FOG and whether implementation with aquatic therapy (MIRT-AT) adds further benefits.DesignThe design consisted of a single-blind, parallel-group, 1:1 allocation ratio, randomized trial.SettingThe Department of Parkinson Disease, Movement Disorders and Brain Injury Rehabilitation at “Moriggia-Pelascini” Hospital (Gravedona ed Uniti, Como, Italy) was used as the setting.ParticipantsSixty hospitalized patients with PD who had FOG in Hoehn and Yahr stage 2 or 5-3 were included.InterventionSixty patients with PD + FOG were randomly assigned to 2 groups: 30 underwent a 4-week MIRT and 30 underwent a 4-week MIRT-AT.MeasurementsThe primary outcome measure was the Freezing of Gait Questionnaire; secondary outcome measures were total Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), UPDRS II, UPDRS III, Berg Balance Scale, Timed Up and Go Test, and 6-Minute Walk Test. These measures were assessed both at admission and discharge.ResultsParticipants in the 2 groups had similar age, sex distribution, Hoehn and Yahr stage, and most-affected side. At baseline, no difference in outcome measures was observed between the 2 groups. After treatment, a significant time effect was observed for all variables in both groups. No significant time × group interaction was observed. A between-group analysis showed nonsignificant differences between values at T1 and values at T0 for all variables.LimitationsThe limitations were the lack of a control group and follow-up.ConclusionsWe showed that a multidisciplinary, intensive, and goal-based rehabilitation treatment, such as MIRT, improves FOG in patients with PD. Although aquatic therapy could be considered a useful approach for treating FOG, it does not add further benefits to this kind of motor-cognitive rehabilitation.
Simulation Training Is Useful for Shortening the Decision-to-Delivery Interval in Cases of Emergent Cesarean Section
Authors: Iitani Yukako , Tsuda Hiroyuki , Ito Yumiko , Moriyama Yoshinori , Nakano Tomoko , Imai Kenji , Kotani Tomomi , Kikkawa Fumitaka 
Published: January 2019

(Abstracted from J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2018;31(23):3128–3132)
In the setting of obstetric emergencies for pregnant women or their fetuses, prompt delivery should be performed. While no clear absolute time threshold has been demonstrated to be a specific standard of care, many guidelines have recommended that the decision-to-delivery interval (DDI) be kept to less than 30 minutes when emergent cesarean section (ECS) is performed.
Can Patients and Families Read the Questionnaires for Patient-related Outcome Measures?
Authors: Taylor Scott , Guirguis Mina , Raney Ellen M. 
Published: January 2019

Background:
Patient-reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) quantifying health-related quality of life are widely used to evaluate illness and the impact of health care interventions. The questionnaires must be comprehensible by the persons completing them. Literacy Surveys in the United States reveal nearly half of the US adult population have a literacy level below the 8th grade. Recommendations are that health-related written material directed at adults should be at a reading level of grade 6 or below. Reading level for materials aimed at minor patients should be no higher than their grade level. Our aim was to determine the readability of pediatric orthopaedic PROMs as determined by a validated literacy tool.

Methods:
A literature search was conducted to identify PROMs cited in pediatric orthopaedics. In total, 79 PROMs were identified. Only text-based PROMs that were developed in English for pediatrics and have published evidence of validation were included, leaving 35 outcome scores for analysis. Text was extracted and analyzed using the Flesch Reading Ease Score (FRES).

Results:
Of 35 PROMs: 15 (43%) were general, 12 (34%) spine, 5 (14%) lower, and 3 (9%) upper extremity. Ten (29%) were designed to be completed by the caregiver, whereas 25 (71%) by the patient. Ten PROMs intended for completion by a parent had an FRES readability of 8th to 10th grade level with only 2 of 10 corresponding to that would be understood by the average adult. Of the 25 PROMs intended for completion by pediatric patients, only 4 (16%) had a FRES corresponding with the age group intended to complete them.

Conclusions:
The majority of PROMs are written at a level of complexity higher than likely to be understood by the persons intended to complete them. This is of significance, given that researchers and practitioners alike rely on data from PROMs in drawing conclusions about the impact of orthopaedic conditions and their treatments on health-related quality of life. Analysis of easily comprehended PROMs will aid in the design of future scores to maximize their utility in research and clinical practice.

Level of Evidence:
Level II—decision analysis study.
An Innovative Thread-looping Method for Facial Rejuvenation: Minimal Access Multiple Plane Suspension
Authors: Wang Chao-Huei , Liu Heng-Jen , Tsai Yun-Ta , Lin Hsin-I , Wu Po-Yi , Lin Jheng-Wei 
Published: January 2019

Background:
Management of facial rejuvenation has evolved over past decades. Facelift with barbed suture is a minimally invasive surgical technique for facial rejuvenation. This study examined the efficacy and associated complications of a new thread-looping procedure called minimal access multiple plane suspension.

Methods:
A total of 103 thread lifts were performed between 2014 and 2017. Patient satisfaction and adverse effects were evaluated.

Results:
In the majority of patients (88/103, 85.4%), the results obtained were considered satisfactory 3 months after the procedure. The incidence of complications was low. Only 5.8% of the patients had slight postoperation asymmetry that was easily corrected. Minor complications experienced by patients included palpable suture knots (12.6%), persistent facial swelling (7.88%), and facial dimpling (2.9%). The causes of procedure-related complications were reviewed and discussed.

Conclusion:
Reinforced by select anchoring points, "minimal access multiple plane suspension" suspends ptotic anatomic tissues, serving as an effective facial rejuvenation procedure with minimal downtime and satisfactory cosmetic results.
The Relationship Between Interocular Asymmetry of Visual Field Defects and Optic Nerve Head Blood Flow in Patients With Glaucoma
Authors: Yamada Yutaro , Higashide Tomomi , Udagawa Sachiko , Takeshima Satoshi , Sakaguchi Kimikazu , Nitta Koji , Sugiyama Kazuhisa 
Published: January 2019

Purpose:
To investigate the association between asymmetry of visual field (VF) defects and optic nerve head (ONH) blood flow in patients with glaucoma using laser speckle flowgraphy.

Methods:
In total, 170 eyes of 85 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma were included. Intraocular pressure, VF (Humphrey 24-2, SITA program), mean blur rate in the tissue area (MBR-T) of the ONH measured by laser speckle flowgraphy, axial length, circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (cpRNFLT), disc area, cup/disc area ratio, and parapapillary atrophy (PPA) area was measured in each eye. The paired eyes were divided into better and worse eyes according to the mean deviation (MD) of VF, and intereye differences of various parameters (better MD eye minus worse MD eye) were examined. Factors associated with MD difference, MBR-T difference, or cpRNFLT difference were investigated.

Results:
MD of the VF in better and worse eyes were −10.2±7.3 dB and −16.8±7.4 dB, respectively. In stepwise multiple regression analysis, MBR-T differences, cpRNFLT differences and sex (male) were significantly correlated with MD differences (β, 0.26, 0.21, 0.20; P=0.01, 0.04, 0.047, respectively). MD differences were significantly associated with MBR-T differences (β, 0.28; P=0.01). For cpRNFLT differences, differences in β-PPA area and MD differences were identified as significant factors (β, −0.26, 0.22; P=0.02, 0.04, respectively).

Conclusions:
Asymmetry of ONH blood flow is significantly associated with asymmetry of visual field defects in patients with glaucoma independently of cpRNFLT.
Prevalence of Eosinophilic Esophagitis in Adolescents With Esophageal Atresia
Authors: Lardenois Emilie , Michaud Laurent , Schneider Anne , Onea Mihaela , Rebeuh Julie , Gottrand‐Aumar Madeleine , Renaud Florence , Gottrand Frederic , Leteurtre Emmanuelle 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTBackground and Objective:Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is an increasingly recognized childhood disease. Esophageal atresia (EA) is the most frequent congenital malformation of the esophagus. Recently, cases of EoE occurring in patients with EA have been reported, although the exact prevalence of EoE in EA remains unknown. The aim is to investigate the prevalence of EoE among EA in adolescents and to describe these patients’ characteristics.Methods:Systematic upper gastrointestinal endoscopies with multistage esophageal biopsies were prospectively performed in 63 adolescents with EA. A standardized form was used to collect clinical and endoscopic data. Diagnosis of EoE was made as ≥15 intraepithelial eosinophils/high power field, whatever the response on proton pump inhibitors therapy.Results:Six patients (9.5%) presented an EoE (17–100 eosinophils/high power field). An atopic condition was reported more frequently in the eosinophil ≥15 group than in patients with no EoE (66% vs 16%; P = 0.014). Except for chest pain, symptoms and endoscopic features were similar in patients with EoE and patients with no EoE.Conclusion:In our series of 63 patients born with EA, mainly distal tracheoesophageal fistula, the prevalence of EoE is increased, and therefore should be considered in adolescents with EA.
Early Functional Outcomes After Prepectoral Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Schaeffer Christine V. , Dassoulas Kasandra R. , Thuman Jenna , Campbell Chris A. 
Published: January 2019

Introduction
Staged, tissue expander-based implant reconstruction continues to be the most common mode of breast reconstruction after mastectomy and has evolved significantly for the past 60 years. Prepectoral acellular dermal matrix (ADM)-assisted breast reconstruction is gaining popularity with complication rates similar to total submuscular and ADM-assisted partially submuscular reconstruction. Ours is among the first reports comparing postoperative pain and early functional outcomes between 2-stage ADM-assisted prepectoral and partial submuscular breast reconstruction.

Methods
Patients reconstructed with a 2-stage, ADM-assisted prepectoral approach were case matched with patients who had undergone ADM-assisted, partial submuscular reconstruction. Demographics and complication rates were compared. Primary outcomes included postoperative pain, number of days until full active shoulder range of motion was achieved, and postoperative days until drain removal.

Results
Forty-five breasts among 24 patients were reconstructed with ADM-assisted prepectoral tissue expanders after mastectomy and 90 breasts among 48 patients were reconstructed with ADM-assisted partial submuscular placement. There was a similarly acceptable complication profile between the 2 groups. The prepectoral group had significantly lower inpatient pain scores, required significantly less intravenous opioids and less oral opioids as outpatients. The prepectoral group saw a return to full active range of shoulder motion in half the number days of the partial submuscular group. Drain duration was similar between groups.

Conclusions
Prepectoral ADM-assisted breast reconstruction can be performed safely and with significantly less pain and earlier return to function than partial submuscular expander placement. Expander placement exclusively in the prepectoral pocket did not result in increased drain duration while affording patients the benefits of avoiding surgical elevation of the pectoralis muscle.
A Prospective Evaluation of the Utility of a Hybrid Operating Suite for Severely Injured Patients
Authors: Carver David , Kirkpatrick Andrew W. , D’Amours Scott , Hameed S. Morad , Beveridge Julie , Ball Chad G. 
Published: January 2019

Objective:
The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the utility, clinical impact, and work flow of a new trauma hybrid operating theater.

Summary Background Data:
The potential utility and clinical benefit of hybrid operating theaters are increasingly postulated. Unfortunately, the clinical outcomes and efficiencies of these environments remain unclear.

Methods:
All severely injured patients who were transferred to the hybrid suite for emergent intervention between 2013 and 2017 were compared to consecutive prehybrid patients. Standard statistical methodology was employed (P < 0.05 = significant).

Results:
One hundred sixty-nine patients with severe injuries (mean ISS = 23; hemodynamic instability = 70%; hospital/ICU stay = 12 d; mortality = 14%) were transferred urgently to the hybrid suite. Most were young (38 yrs) males (84%) with blunt injuries (51%). Combined hybrid trauma procedures occurred in 18% of cases (surgery (82%) and angiography (11%) alone). Procedures within the hybrid suite included: laparotomy (57%), extremity (14%), thoracotomy/sternotomy (12%), angioembolization of the spleen/pelvis/liver/other (9%), neck (9%), craniotomy (4%), and aortic endostenting (6%). Compared with historical controls, use of the hybrid suite resulted in shorter arrival to intervention and total procedure times (P < 0.05). A clear benefit for survival was evident (42% vs. 22%).

Conclusions:
Availability of a hybrid environment for severely injured patients reduces time to intervention, total procedural duration, blood product transfusion and salvages a small subset of patients who would not otherwise survive. The cost associated with a hybrid suite remains prohibitive for many centers.
Shadows Behind Using Simple Risk Models in Selection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients for Liver Transplantation
Authors: Grąt Michał , Stypułkowski Jan , Morawski Marcin , Wronka Karolina M. , Wasilewicz Michał , Lewandowski Zbigniew , Grąt Karolina , Wójcik Zofia , Patkowski Waldemar , Zieniewicz Krzysztof 
Published: January 2019

Objective:
To assess the potential influence of replacing Milan criteria with simple risk scores on outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients undergoing liver transplantation.

Summary Background Data:
Several risk scores combining morphological and biological features were recently proposed for precise selection of HCC patients for transplantation.

Methods:
This retrospective study included 282 HCC liver transplant recipients. Recurrence-free survival (RFS), the primary outcome measure, was evaluated according to Metroticket 2.0 model and French AFP model with Milan criteria serving as benchmark.

Results:
Patients were well stratified with respect to RFS by Milan criteria, Metroticket 2.0 criteria, and AFP model cut-off ≤2 points (all P < 0.001) with c-statistics of 0.680, 0.695, and 0.681, respectively. Neither Metroticket 2.0 criteria (0.014, Z = 0.023; P = 0.509) nor AFP model (−0.014, Z = −0.021; P = 0.492) provided significant net reclassification improvement. Both patients within the Metroticket 2.0 criteria and AFP model ≤2 points exhibited heterogeneous recurrence risk, dependent upon alpha-fetoprotein (P = 0.026) and tumor number (P = 0.024), respectively. RFS of patients beyond Milan but within Metroticket 2.0 criteria (75.3%) or with AFP model ≤2 points (74.1%) was inferior to that observed for patients within Milan criteria (87.1%; P = 0.067 and P = 0.045, respectively). Corresponding microvascular invasion rates were 37.2% and 50.0%, compared with 13.6% in patients within Milan criteria (both P < 0.001). Moreover, Milan-out status was associated with significantly higher recurrence risk in subgroups within Metroticket 2.0 criteria (P = 0.021) or AFP model ≤2 points (P = 0.014).

Conclusion:
Utilization of simple risk scores for liver transplant eligibility assessment leads to selection of patients at higher risk of posttransplant HCC recurrence.
Multi-scale analysis for concentration distribution in an oscillatory Couette flow
Authors: Barik Swarup , Dalal D. C. 
Published: January 2019

This study presents an analytical attempt to explore the two-dimensional concentration distribution in an oscillatory Couette flow. Mei's homogenization technique is used to find the concentration distribution up to third-order approximation. Analytical expressions of mean and transverse concentration distributions up to third order are derived in this study, which may be regarded as the novelty of this work. Most of the necessary transverse distribution functions are also found analytically. It is well known that the Taylor dispersion model predicts the longitudinal distribution of mean concentration only and the previous research works have mainly focused on this. Nevertheless, the transverse concentration distribution is important from environmental and industrial application points of view. Concentration variation rate over the cross-section is found to be higher for thicker Stokes boundary layers. It is also found that the dispersion of solute in the flowing fluid increases with the increase in Stokes boundary layer thickness. The present study propounds that a time scale 10
h
2
/
D
(where
h
is the channel depth and
D
is the molecular diffusivity) would be more appropriate to characterize the initial transition stage of the transport process to approach transverse uniformity.
Quantifying spatio-temporal variation of invasion spread
Authors: Goldstein Joshua , Park Jaewoo , Haran Murali , Liebhold Andrew , Bjørnstad Ottar N. 
Published: January 2019

—The spread of invasive species can have far-reaching environmental and ecological consequences. Understanding invasion spread patterns and the underlying process driving invasions are key to predicting and managing invasions.—We combine a set of statistical methods in a novel way to characterize local spread properties and demonstrate their application using simulated and historical data on invasive insects. Our method uses a Gaussian process fit to the surface of waiting times to invasion in order to characterize the vector field of spread.—Using this method, we estimate with statistical uncertainties the speed and direction of spread at each location. Simulations from a stratified diffusion model verify the accuracy of our method.—We show how we may link local rates of spread to environmental covariates for two case studies: the spread of the gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar), and hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae) in North America. We provide an R-package that automates the calculations for any spatially referenced waiting time data.
Arid1aprotects against hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance via PPARα-mediated fatty acid oxidation
Authors: Qu Yu-Lan , Deng Chuan-Huai , Luo Qing , Shang Xue-Ying , Wu Jiao-Xiang , Shi Yi , Lan-Wang  , Han Ze-Guang 
Published: January 2019

AbstractNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and steatohepatitis (NASH) have become a worldwide health concern because of lifestyle changes, but it is still lack of specific therapeutic strategies as the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Our previous study indicated that deficiency ofArid1a, a key component of SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, initiated mouse steatohepatitis, implying thatArid1amight be essentially required for the integrity of hepatic lipid metabolism. However, the exact mechanisms of the pathological process due toArid1aloss are unclear. In the present work, we show that hepatocyte-specific deletion ofArid1asignificantly increases susceptibility to develop hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance in mice fed with high-fat diet (HFD), along with the aggravated inflammatory responses marked by increment of serum alanine amino transferase (AST), aspartate amino transferase (AST) and TNFα. Mechanistically,Arid1adeficiency leads to the reduction of chromatin modification characteristic of transcriptional activation on multiple metabolic genes, especiallyCpt1a andAcox1, two rate-limiting enzyme genes for fatty acid oxidation. Furthermore, our data indicated thatArid1aloss promotes hepatic steatosis by downregulating PPARα, thereby impairing fatty acid oxidation which leads to lipid accumulation and insulin resistance. These findings reveal that targeting ARID1a might be a promising therapeutic strategy for NAFLD, NASH and insulin resistance.