bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Widespread restoration to susceptibility in pyrethroid-resistant malaria vector Anopheles gambiae complex following pre-exposure to piperonyl-butoxide: results from country-wide insecticide resistance monitoring in Tanzania, 2023
Authors: Kabula Bilali , Mlacha Yeromin P. , Serbantez Naomi , Nhiga Samwel L. , Mkude Sigsbert , Kiware Samson , Michael James , Mero Victor , Ballard Sarah-Blythe , Chan Adeline , Abbas Said , Mwalimu Charles D. , Govella Nicodem J. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Effective vector control interventions, notably insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS), are indispensable for malaria control in Tanzania and elsewhere. However, the emergence of widespread insecticide resistance threatens the efficacy of these interventions. Monitoring of insecticide resistance is therefore critical for the selection and assessment of the programmatic impact of insecticide-based interventions.
Methods
The study was conducted country-wide across 22 sentinel districts of Tanzania between May and July 2023 using standard World Health Organization assays with 1X, 5X, and 10X of deltamethrin, permethrin and alpha-cypermethrin and discriminating concentrations of 0.25% pirimiphos-methyl. Synergist assays were conducted to explore the underlying mechanisms of the observed phenotypic pyrethroid resistant mosquitoes. Three- to five-day old wild adult females in the first filiar generation of Anopheles (An.) gambiae sensu lato (s.l.) were used for the tests.
Results
An. gambiae s.l. were resistant to all pyrethroids at the discriminating dose in most sentinel districts except in Rorya, which remains fully susceptible, and Ushetu, which remains susceptible to deltamethrin but not permethrin. In 5 sites (Bukombe, Ukerewe, Kilwa, Kibondo, and Kakonko), the An. gambiae s.l. species exhibited strong resistance to pyrethroids surviving the 10 X concentrations (mortality rate <98%). However, they remained fully susceptible to pirimiphos-methyl in almost all the sites except in Kibondo and Shinyanga. Likewise, there was full restoration to susceptibility to pyrethroid following pre-exposure of An. gambiae s.l. to piperonyl-butoxide (PBO) in 13 out of 16 sites. The 3 sites that exhibited partial restoration include Kakonko, Tandahimba and Newala.
Conclusion
The evidence of widespread pyrethroid resistance of the major malaria vector justifies the decision made by the Tanzania National Malaria Control Program to transition to PBO-based ITNs. Without this switch, the gains achieved in malaria control could be compromised. Equally important, the lack of full restoration to susceptibility observed in three sentinel districts upon pre-exposure to PBO merits close monitoring, as there could be other underlying resistance mechanisms besides oxidase metabolic resistance.
Response analysis of a pagoda in China under blast loading
Authors: Zhao Guangxing , Liu Dewen , Wang Wei , He Qing , Sun Yongbing , Liu Yang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Based on a nine-story ancient pagoda with important historical and cultural value in Guangxi, China, this study simulated the collapse process of the ancient pagoda under different explosion points by using the fluid-structure coupling method, which can better explore the explosion-proof performance of the ancient pagoda. By constructing the finite element model of 5 explosion points, it is found that the area closest to the explosion point is the most seriously damaged, and the damage of the front explosion surface is obviously higher than that of the back explosion surface. In addition, the study shows that the response of the pagoda body is more severe and the damage is more serious when the number of blasting layers is 3, 5 and 7. In order to optimize the explosion-proof design, it is suggested to strengthen the structure of the surface of the explosion facing, improve the support system and masonry connection mode, and pay attention to the safety margin in the middle area of the pagoda body, so as to provide an effective scheme for the protection technology of the ancient pagoda.
The impact of nano-materials on the characteristics of cement-based materials and their practical use in engineering
Authors: Yao Chunlei , Ren Feng , Xu Shuqi , Wang Jie , Bao Jiming , Chen Hua , Wei Guangchao 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

To optimize the effectiveness of sealing boreholes, researchers analyze and modify the features of sealing materials to maximize the efficiency of extracting coalbed methane. This study presents the development of a novel cement-based material for sealing holes. The material is made by employing silicate cement (PC) and sulfoaluminate cement (SAC) as the basis, with nano-SiO2 as the primary addition. An investigation was conducted using orthogonal tests to examine the impact of these additives on the fluidity, setting time, and compressive strength of PC-SAC compounded cementitious pore sealing material. Additionally, the hydration process and hydration products were studied using XRD, TGA, SEM, and BET. The results indicate that the combination of nano-SiO2 and fly ash has a significant positive effect on enhancing the compressive strength of the material and improving its microstructure. Additionally, the presence of harmful holes in the material has been significantly reduced. Through an orthogonal test method, the optimal combination was determined to be 20% fly ash, 3% nano-SiO2, 0.05% plastic expander, and 0.03% water-reducing agent.Furthermore, in the engineering field test, the self-developed material demonstrated a 3.5% higher gas extraction efficiency compared to the mining material.
Behavioral, electrocardiographic evaluation, and mechanism of action of Curcuma longa essential oil in juvenile tambaqui Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1818) subjected to immersion baths at different concentrations
Authors: Cerqu Luciana Esquerdo , de Araújo Daniella Bastos , Eiró-Quirino Luciana , Hartcopff Priscille Fidelis Pacheco , Paz Clarissa Araújo da , Reis Thaysa Sousa , Camara Sarah Farias , de Souza Luana Vasconcelos , Rocha Lucas Lima , Barbosa Gabriela Brito , Farias Rômulo Augusto Feio , Muto Nilton Akio , Hamoy Moisés 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The use of natural agents as anesthetics in fish management aims to minimize stress during procedures. This study aims to investigate the behavioral, electrocardiographic characteristics, and the pharmacological mechanism of action of Curcuma longa essential oil (CLEO) in Colossoma macropomum. The study was conducted on juvenile Colossoma macropomum (18.13 ± 2.1g) (n = 153), using CLEO concentrations of 125 µL.L⁻¹, 150 µL.L⁻¹, 175 µL.L⁻¹, 200 µL.L⁻¹, and 250 µL.L⁻¹, analyzing anesthetic induction and recovery behavior (Experiment I), electrocardiogram (Experiment II), and the underlying mechanism of action (Experiment III). Fish exposed to CLEO concentrations reached a deep anesthesia stage in a concentration-dependent manner. However, the effects obtained during anesthetic induction were reversible, both in behavioral parameters and cardiac activity. The mechanism of action was observed after administration of flumazenil 1 mg/kg i.p., which showed greater resistance to loss of postural reflex and shorter latency for recovery. The mechanism of action indicates involvement of inhibitory GABA neurotransmission. The cardiac effects at the concentrations used were compatible with anesthesia, but no arrhythmias occurred that could compromise the hemodynamics of the fish, demonstrating its safety for short-duration anesthesia induction in Colossoma macropomum.
An Instructional Emperor Pigeon Optimization (IEPO) based DeepEnrollNet for Student Enrolment Prediction and Retention Recommendation at Majmaah University
Authors: Sharma Sunil Kumar 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Academic institutions increasingly require the ability to manage enrollment and track student retention, comprehensively plan their future course list based on campus demand to better support students in a broader variety of disciplines. In this study, we presented an innovative framework to predict student enrollment and prevent students from churn in Majmaah University by using deep learning-based approach on residuos analysis combined with recommender system to deal both text and numeric data. The proposed framework includes advanced preprocessing techniques such as K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) imputation and Z-score normalization for numeric data, complemented by text processing methods including stop word removal, stemming, lemmatization, tokenization, and Named Entity Recognition (NER). Feature extraction is performed using statistical measures (mean, median, standard deviation, skewness, kurtosis) for numeric data, and advanced techniques such as word embeddings (GloVe), topic modeling (Latent Dirichlet Allocation - LDA), and sentiment analysis (SentiWordNet) for text data. A weighted feature fusion approach integrates these features. The optimal features are selected using the Pythagorean fuzzy AHP with Hybrid Optimization approach (Instructional Emperor Pigeon Optimization (IEPO)). The DeepEnrollNet model, employing CNN-GRU-Attention QCNN, is utilized for accurate enrollment prediction, while Deep Q-Networks (DQN) are applied to generate actionable retention recommendations. This comprehensive methodology aims to enhance predictive accuracy and develop effective strategies for improving student retention at Majmaah University.
Fecal microbiota transplantation mitigates postdieting weight regain in mice by modulating the gut-liver axis
Authors: Cao Hong , Xu Jiangwei , Wang Han , Yi Wanya , Yang Dandan , Yang Ju , Sun Jing , Wang Yingyu , Zhang Feng , Yan Jiai , Li Dan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Dysbiosis of the microbiome is strongly associated with weight rebound after dieting. However, host-microbiome interactions and their relevance to the pathogenesis of post-diet weight rebound remain unclear.
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of fecal microbiota transplantation on postdieting weight regain and to investigate the underlying mechanism by which FMT inhibits weight regain.
Methods
FMT was administered once daily to mice for 5 weeks. Gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was employed for analyzing of short-chain fatty acid levels in serum, ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was utilized for analyzing hepatic lipid metabolites, and shotgun metagenomic sequencing was applied for analyzing intestinal microbiome.
Results
FMT reduced weight regain and prevented lipid accumulation in both liver and adipose tissue, while also improving glucose intolerance in mice. Furthermore, FMT resulted in an increase in Enterorhabdus_caecimuris abundance and decreases in Burkholderiales, Sutterellaceae, Turicimonas_muris, Bacteroides_stercorirosoris, and Acetivibrio_ethanolgignens abundances within the gut microbiota. In addition to these changes, elevated propionic acid levels were observed along with significant alterations in hepatic lipid metabolites following FMT administration.
Conclusions
our findings demonstrate that FMT effectively mitigates postdieting weight regain as well as associated complications. These effects are mediated through interactions between the gut microbiota and liver via the gut- propionic acid-liver axis.
Mechanical and Microstructural Characterization of Sisal Fiber-Reinforced Polyester Laminate Composites for Improved Durability in Automotive Applications
Authors: Gebremichael Getachew , Baye Tertaraw Mucheye , Asratie Aychew , Mekonone Samuel Tesfaye 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This study investigates the effects of fiber concentration and the stacking sequence of laminae on the mechanical properties of a sisal-reinforced polyester composite. The mechanical properties, such as the tensile, flexural, impact strengths, and microstructure, were characterized for laminated composite with different fiber concentrations and stacking sequences of lamina after they were processed using the hand layup method. Specimens with different fiber concentrations and lamina orientations were prepared using a manual compression molding technique that provides a flat plate with a thickness of 5 mm. The results showed that 40 wt. % of sisal fiber-reinforced composites with 90/0/45 staking sequence have shown the maximum tensile (68.409 MPa), flexural (64.276 MPa), and impact (67.71 MPa) strengths, and laminated composite with 90/0/45 lamina has shown superior tensile, flexural and impact properties as it compared with randomly oriented and non-woven fiber reinforced composite. The microstructure showed that a better interface adhesion was observed at 40 wt. % of fiber and 90/0/45 lamination. Therefore, 90/0/45 laminated composite materials can be proposed for engineering applications that require equivalent properties, including automobile front-fender applications.
RETRACTED: Effect of La doping on the structural, and photocatalytic properties of ZnO nanoparticles: A Green Microwave-assisted synthesis
Authors: M Thejaswini , S Pramila , V Lakshmi Ranganatha , B Vasanth Patil H , G Nagaraju , C Mallikarjunaswamy 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Measuring and Analyzing the Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Emergency Logistics Coordination for Natural Disasters in the Yellow River Basin
Authors: Hao Yu , Wang Jing , Zhang Lijun , Sun Chaolun 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Emergency logistics collaboration is essential for minimizing the impact of natural disasters by ensuring the timely delivery of emergency supplies. This study analyzes the coordination of emergency logistics across nine provinces in the Yellow River Basin from 2012 to 2022. An evaluation index system based on the economic support-logistics transportation-information processing (ELI) framework is established. The coordination level is assessed using a static coupling coordination model with entropy-CRITIC combined weighting. Additionally, a dynamic coupling coordination model and ArcGIS global trend analysis reveal the comprehensive validity, global distribution, and evolution trends of coordination. The main research findings are as follows: (1) Temporally, the coordination level of emergency logistics for natural disasters in the Yellow River Basin shows a slowly rising trend in coordinated evolution. Both "logistics transportation-economic support" and "logistics transportation-information processing" exhibit gradual improvement, while "economic support-information processing" demonstrates a more pronounced positive trend. (2) Spatially, the coordination level displays a "U"-shaped trend, initially decreasing and then increasing from south to north, along with a clear spatial pattern of "the upper reaches < the middle reaches < the down reaches" from west to east.
Systematic identification of sugarcane vacuolar H+-translocating pyrophosphatase (VPP) gene family and the role of ScVPP1 in salt resistance
Authors: Sun Sheng-Ren , Wang Zhu-Qing , Lian Ming , Chen Jun-Lv , Qin Yuan-Xia , Chang Hai-Long , Xu Huan-Ying , Zhang Wei , Shabbir Rubab , Gao San-Ji , Wang Qin-Nan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The vital role of vacuolar H+-translocating pyrophosphatases H+-PPases (VPP) genes involved in plants in response to abiotic stresses. However, the understanding of VPP functions in sugarcane remained unclear. In this study, a total of 24 VPP genes (SsaVPP1–SsaVPP24) were identified in the Saccharum spontaneum genome of haploid clone AP85-441. These genes were distributed in two phylogenetic groups. The SsaVPPs displayed diverse physio-chemical and gene structure attributes. The SsaVPP family genes have expanded through segmental duplication (20 gene pairs) rather than tandem duplication. A full-length cDNA of ScVPP1 was cloned from the sugarcane cultivar ROC22 and shared 99.48% sequence identity (amino acid) with homologous gene SsaVPP21 from AP85-441. In ROC22, the ScVPP1 gene was considerably upregulated by NaCl and ABA treatments among leaf, root, and stem tissues, while this gene was exclusively upregulated in the root with PEG treatment. Under NaCl and ABA stresses, yeast cells transfected by the ScVPP1 plasmid showed distinct growth rates compared to control yeast cells transfected by the empty vector. In transgenic Arabidopsis lines overexpressing ScVPP1, the seed gemination and survival rate were enhanced under NaCl treatment, but not ABA stress as compared to wild-type plants. These results suggested that the ScVPP1 gene conferred tolerance to slat and may be used as a salt resistance gene source for sugarcane breeding.
Novel Waterborne Polyurethanes extended by glycerol monostearate:Their Synthesis and Application to Water Repellency
Authors: Zhou Haitao , liu yan , Lu Tianhao , Xia Wulin , Qin Ying , Kuang Guankun , Xin Binjie 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

In this paper, a string of waterborne polyurethane (WPU) emulsions synergistically modified with PDMS and GMS were successfully prepared by incorporating Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) into the soft segments of waterborne polyurethanes, and using glycerol monostearate (GMS) as a chain extender. FTIR, TGA, SEM, particle size test, water contact angle and other tests were used to characterize the effects of variable GMS contents on the structure and function of WPUs. The experimental tests showed that the WPUs synthesised with 30% PDMS-8% GMS synergism had better overall performance. The water contact angle could reach 115.4 °, and the water absorption was reduced to 10.52% at 72 h. Furthermore, this innovative WPU film had excellent thermal stabilization, and this study provided a new approach to improve waterproofing performance, hydrophobicity and thermal stability of waterborne polyurethanes, which is expected to be applied in coatings, adhesives and water-resistant agents.
Design and Implementation of a Multi-stage Pipelined Hardware for RoadRunner Lightweight Block Cipher
Authors: Raj Mitu , Raj Mitha 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

RoadRunner is an efficient block cipher developed for lightweight platforms. This paper discusses the design and implementation of pipelined hardware for RoadRunner on Field Programmable Arrays (FPGAs). The cipher’s Feistel round function loops are unrolled, and the outers rounds are pipelined to increase the throughput. The hardware architecture of the design is fully pipelined in 12 stages for optimum performance and area utilization. Comparing with the existing non-pipelined implementations of the same cipher, our work achieves much higher throughput of 7742 Mbps and an efficiency of 2.1 Mbps per slice on the same FPGA. Comparisons with other similar cipher implementations are also analyzed in this work.
Variation in the detectability of predator-prey interactions may lead to misleading conclusions in trophic ecology studies
Authors: de Préville Ambre Sacco--Martret , Plantegenest Manuel , Canard Elsa 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Molecular gut content analysis has revolutionised trophic ecology and provided precious insights for biological control. It allowed for the determination of the diet of many organisms and the identification of predators of specific pests in natural conditions. However, DNA detectability depends on many parameters, notably on digestion rates that vary according to the predator-prey pair considered and the amount of prey consumed. When not considered, these factors may lead to an underestimation of the frequency of certain interactions compared with those for which the detection time window is wide, and to distortions in the conclusions of ecological studies.
Here we study to which extent the identity of the prey and the predator affects the detection half-life of their interaction when using a diagnostic multiplex PCR. We focused on an omnivorous family of arthropods, carabid beetles, regarded as major natural enemies in many agroecosystems. To this purpose, the effects of digestion time, predator size, and voracity on DNA detectability were assessed for five common prey types. Based on this study, a correction factor was generated for each species of predator and type of prey. Finally, predation intensity indexes of carabid communities on the five prey types were calculated with and without the correction factor on a dataset containing observations from conventional and conservation winter wheat fields to illustrate the extent to which the inclusion of a digestion-based correction factor may alter the study’s conclusions.
Efficiency Improvement of In Vitro Chromosome Doubling in Melon haploid
Authors: lelong yan , songyu zhu , kaimin wu , yao huang , yaomei zhang , jiaxi yang , kang wang , chuntao qian 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

In vitro chromosome doubling (ivCD) using colchicine is a main method for melon haploid chromosome doubling, but its doubling efficiency remains low. In this study, we aimed to increase the efficiency of melon haploid doubling. In Experiment 1, the impacts of genotype and explant age on the survival rate (SR) and sample doubling rate (SDR) of melon haploid through ivCD were studied. Nine melon haploid genotypes were treated with colchicine for 24 hours followed by inoculation into solid MS. The best doubling effect was achieved with explant age of 21 days. During this process, the explants exhibited a low SR (38.76 ± 9.72%) and SDR (19.04 ± 7.10%), but a high vitrification rate (VR) (37.36 ± 9.93%) and an extended period for explant regeneration for over 30 days. In Experiment 2, four representative genotypes were selected to screen suitable combinations of antimicrotubular agents and hormone-treatments to enhance the SR and SDR, and solve the other problems above. The results indicated that treatment with trifluralin for 24 hours, followed by inoculation into solid MS medium containing 6-BA for 15 days, yielded the highest SR (72.27 ± 9.44%) and SDR (42.12 ± 9.72%), but the lowest VR (2.35 ± 4.25%) and a shortened regeneration period of 15 days. Interestingly, in Experiment 2, doubled haploid (DH) obtained from treatment with trifluralin performed better in pollen viability rate (PVR), pollen deformity rate (PDR), and seed germination rate (SGR) compared to those treated with colchicine. In summary, we significantly increased the haploid chromosome doubling rate, reduced the regeneration time, and obtained DHs with relatively high fertility.