bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Entrevista com o prof. Antonio Nóvoa
Authors: Nóvoa Antonio 
Published: June 2019

A Revista Olh@ares entrevistou o prof. Antonio Nóvoa, do Instituto de Educação da Universidade de Lisboa, cuja produção intelectual tem sido umareferência constante no debate sobre o papel da universidade na formação de professores. Suas reflexões apontam para a importância, na formação inicial, de a universidade repensar suas atividades pedagógicas e, em lugar das aulas tradicionais, cada vez mais proporcionar atividades de orientação, tutoria e supervisão, além de intensificar a formação de grupos de trabalho e de pesquisa em que a crítica ao conhecimento, sua reconstrução e a produção de conhecimentos novos são o centro dos fazeres dos estudantes. Para isso, as tecnologias podem se constituir em instrumentos auxiliares na criação deespaços de diálogo e partilha de saberes.
Efeito do território sobre as desigualdades escolares: mudanças no caso de São Miguel Paulista de 2007 a 2009
Authors: Padilha Frederica , Ribeiro Vanda Mendes , Batista Antônio Augusto Gomes , Alves Luciana , Carvalho-Silva Hamilton 
Published: June 2019

Este artigo discute se e como as desigualdades socioespaciais presentes no interior da subprefeitura de São Miguel Paulista (SMP), leste do Município de São Paulo, impactam a desigualdade escolar. Usando o Ideb 2007, um primeiro estudo mostrou que: i) as desigualdades socioespaciais restringem a qualidade da oferta educacional das escolas em territórios de alta vulnerabilidade social; ii) escolas situadas nos territórios mais vulneráveis concentram mais alunos com recursos socioculturais mais baixos e iii) alunos com baixos recursos socioculturais, em escolas de territórios menos vulneráveis, tendem a ter melhores desempenhos na Prova Brasil. O segundo estudo, que utilizou o Ideb 2009, denota alterações nos vínculos entre as desigualdades socioespaciais e escolares: i) o Ideb cresceu, sobretudo em áreas mais vulneráveis, mas aumentou a segregação dos alunos; ii) o estudo corrobora o efeito de território sobre as oportunidades educacionais, porém, esse efeito é diferenciado para alunos com recursos socioculturais distintos.
Aula Invertida: Rompiendo los Paradigmas Tradicionales
Authors: Moreira Ortega Rosa Amelia 
Published: June 2019

Las TIC’s han propiciado profundos cambios en nuestra sociedad, en particular en la última década, ha impactado en diversos ámbitos, como el económico, político, cultural o social.
Hablar de aula invertida es hablar de innovación y autonomía, significa un cambio en los salones de aulas, cambiar los métodos tradicionales de enseñanza enviando instrucciones en línea fuera del salón de clase a través de soportes tecnológicos, de forma que el docente pueda destinar ese tiempo a otras actividades de participación y colaboración durante la clase. En ese sentido, el presente artículo reflexiona sobre el aula invertida como una forma de romper paradigmas tradicionales en el proceso de enseñanza – aprendizaje y potenciar un aprendizaje diferente, autónomo y desarrollador en docentes y estudiantes.
Star-forming Rings in Lenticular Galaxies: Origin of the Gas∗
Authors: Proshina Irina S. , Kniazev Alexei Yu. , Sil’chenko Olga K. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Rings in S0s are enigmatic features that can, however, betray the evolutionary paths of particular galaxies. We have undertaken long-slit spectroscopy of five lenticular galaxies with UV-bright outer rings. The observations have been made with the Southern African Large Telescope to reveal the kinematics, chemistry, and ages of the stellar populations and the gas characteristics in the rings and surrounding disks. Four of the five rings are also bright in the Hα emission line, and the spectra of the gaseous rings extracted around the maxima of the Hα equivalent width reveal excitation by young stars betraying current star formation in the rings. The integrated level of this star formation is 0.1–0.2

yr−1, with the outstanding value of 1

yr−1 in NGC 7808. The difference of chemical composition between the ionized gas of the rings, which demonstrate nearly solar metallicity, and the underlying stellar disks, which are metal-poor, implies recent accretion of the gas and star formation ignition; the star formation history estimated by using different star formation indicators implies that the star formation rate decreases with an e-folding time of less than 1 Gyr. In NGC 809, where the UV ring is well visible but the Hα emission line excited by massive stars is absent, the star formation has already ceased.
Improving Orbit Estimates for Incomplete Orbits with a New Approach to Priors: with Applications from Black Holes to Planets
Authors: O’Neil K. Kosmo , Martinez G. D. , Hees A. , Ghez A. M. , Do T. , Witzel G. , Konopacky Q. , Becklin E. E. , Chu D. S. , Lu J. R. , Matthews K. , Sakai S. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We propose a new approach to Bayesian prior probability distributions (priors) that can improve orbital solutions for low-phase-coverage orbits, where data cover less than ∼40% of an orbit. In instances of low phase coverage—such as with stellar orbits in the Galactic center or with directly imaged exoplanets—data have low constraining power and thus priors can bias parameter estimates and produce underestimated confidence intervals. Uniform priors, which are commonly assumed in orbit fitting, are notorious for this. We propose a new observable-based prior paradigm that is based on uniformity in observables. We compare performance of this observable-based prior and of commonly assumed uniform priors using Galactic center and directly imaged exoplanet (HR 8799) data. The observable-based prior can reduce biases in model parameters by a factor of two and helps avoid underestimation of confidence intervals for simulations with less than ∼40% phase coverage. Above this threshold, orbital solutions for objects with sufficient phase coverage—such as S0-2, a short-period star at the Galactic center with full phase coverage—are consistent with previously published results. Below this threshold, the observable-based prior limits prior influence in regions of prior dominance and increases data influence. Using the observable-based prior, HR 8799 orbital analyses favor low-eccentricity orbits and provide stronger evidence that the four planets have a consistent inclination of ∼30° to within 1σ. This analysis also allows for the possibility of coplanarity. We present metrics to quantify improvements in orbital estimates with different priors so that observable-based prior frameworks can be tested and implemented for other low-phase-coverage orbits.
Hypervelocity Stars from a Supermassive Black Hole–Intermediate-mass Black Hole Binary
Authors: Rasskazov Alexander , Fragione Giacomo , Leigh Nathan W. C. , Tagawa Hiromichi , Sesana Alberto , Price-Whelan Adrian , Rossi Elena Maria 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this paper we consider a scenario in which the currently observed hypervelocity stars in our Galaxy have been ejected from the Galactic center as a result of dynamical interactions with an intermediate-mass black hole (IMBH) orbiting the central supermassive black hole (SMBH). By performing three-body scattering experiments, we calculate the distribution of the ejected stars’ velocities given various parameters of the IMBH–SMBH binary: IMBH mass, semimajor axis, and eccentricity. We also calculate the rates of change of the BH binary orbital elements due to those stellar ejections. One of our new findings is that the ejection rate depends (although mildly) on the rotation of the stellar nucleus (its total angular momentum). We also compare the ejection velocity distribution with that produced by the Hills mechanism (stellar binary disruption) and find that the latter produces faster stars on average. Also, the IMBH mechanism produces an ejection velocity distribution that is flattened toward the BH binary plane, while the Hills mechanism produces a spherically symmetric one. The results of this paper will allow us in the future to model the ejection of stars by an evolving BH binary and compare both models with Gaia observations, for a wide variety of environments (galactic nuclei, globular clusters, the Large Magellanic Clouds, etc.).
An Inner Disk in the Large Gap of the Transition Disk SR 24S
Authors: Pinilla Paola , Benisty Myriam , Cazzoletti Paolo , Harsono Daniel , Pérez Laura M. , Tazzari Marco 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We report new Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) Band 3 observations at 2.75 mm of the transition disk around SR 24S, with an angular resolution of ∼0.″11 × 0.″09 and a peak signal-to-noise ratio of ∼24. We detect an inner disk and a mostly symmetric ring-like structure that peaks at ∼0.″32, which is ∼37 au at a distance of ∼114.4 pc. The full width at half maximum of this ring is ∼28 au. We analyze the observed structures by fitting the dust continuum visibilities using different models for the intensity profile, and compare with previous ALMA observations of the same disk at 0.45 and 1.30 mm. We qualitatively compare the results of these fits with theoretical predictions of different scenarios for the formation of a cavity or large gap. The comparison of the dust continuum structure between different ALMA bands indicates that photoevaporation and the dead zone can be excluded as leading mechanisms for the cavity formation in the SR 24S disk, leaving the planet scenario (single or multiple planets) as the most plausible mechanism. We compared the 2.75 mm emission with published (sub)centimeter data and find that the inner disk is likely tracing dust thermal emission. This implies that any companion in the system should allow dust to move inwards throughout the gap and replenish the inner disk. In the case of one single planet, this puts strong constraints on the mass of the potential planet inside the cavity and the disk viscosity of about ≲5 M
Jup and α ∼ 10−4–10−3, respectively.
The Impact of Environment on Late-time Evolution of the Stellar Mass–Halo Mass Relation
Authors: Golden-Marx Jesse B. , Miller Christopher J. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
At a fixed halo mass, galaxy clusters with larger differences in brightness between the brightest central galaxy (BCG) and fourth-brightest cluster member (m
gap) have larger BCG stellar masses. Recent studies have shown that by including m
gap as a latent parameter in the cluster stellar mass–halo mass (SMHM) relation, one can make more precise measurements of the SMHM relation’s amplitude, slope, and intrinsic scatter. We use galaxy clusters from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey to measure the SMHM–m
gap relation and its evolution out to z = 0.3. Using a fixed comoving aperture of 100 kpc to define the central galaxy’s stellar mass, we report statistically significant negative evolution in the slope of the SMHM relation to z = 0.3 (>3.5σ). The steepening of the slope over the past 3.5 Gyr can be explained by late-time merger activity at the cores of galaxy clusters. We also find that the inferred slope depends on the aperture used to define the radial extent of the central galaxy. At small radii (20 kpc), the slope of the SMHM relation is shallow, indicating that the core of the central galaxy is less related to the growth of the underlying host halo. By including all of the central galaxy’s light within 100 kpc, the slope reaches an asymptote value.
Efficacy and Safety of Dolutegravir plus Boosted-Darunavir Dual Therapy among Highly Treatment-Experienced Patients
Authors: Vizcarra Pilar , Fontecha María , Monsalvo Marta , Vivancos María J , Rojo Aurora , Casado Jose L 
Published: June 2019

Background Dual therapies decrease toxicity, pill-burden and treatment-associated cost. The combination of high genetic barrier drugs such as dolutegravir plus boosted-darunavir may be suitable as simplification regimen for patients harbouring multidrug-resistant virus. Methods Patients switched to a once-daily regimen consisting of dolutegravir plus darunavir, boosted with cobicistat or ritonavir, were included in this cohort study. The primary end point was the proportion of patients with HIV RNA viral load <37 copies/ml at week 48 (NCT02491242). Results Overall, 51 patients were enrolled. At baseline, all patients had failed to ≥2 antiretroviral classes. Genotypic resistance profiles showed a mean of primary mutations of 1.2 for non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, 2.4 for nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors and 3.5 for protease inhibitors (PIs), but they were virologically suppressed for a median of 33 months (IQR 12–60). Only five patients had reduced sensitivity to darunavir and mean genotypic susceptibility score of dual therapy was 1.95 over 2. At week 48, there were no virological failures, three patients discontinued the regimen due to neuropsychiatric adverse events, two were lost to follow-up, and therefore the efficacy was 90% (95% CI, 82, 99%, intention-to-treat analysis). Mean estimated glomerular filtration rate decreased by 8.8 ml/min/1.73 m2, though kidney tubular parameters, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol and triglycerides levels improved after switching to dual therapy. Conclusions In highly treatment-experienced patients who were virologically suppressed, switching to the combination of dolutegravir plus boosted-darunavir dual therapy was effective and well tolerated, improving lipid and renal parameters.
Murine T Cell Maturation Entails Protection from MBL2, but Complement Proteins Do Not Drive Clearance of Cells That Fail Maturation in the Absence of NKAP
Authors: Dash Barsha , Belmonte Paul J. , Fine Sydney R. , Shapiro Michael J. , Chung Ji Young , Schwab Aaron D. , McCue Shaylene A. , Rajcula Matthew J. , Shapiro Virginia Smith 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Recent thymic emigrants that fail postpositive selection maturation are targeted by complement proteins. T cells likely acquire complement resistance during maturation in the thymus, a complement-privileged organ. To test this, thymocytes and fresh serum were separately obtained and incubated together in vitro to assess complement deposition. Complement binding decreased with development and maturation. Complement binding decreased from the double-positive thymocyte to the single-positive stage, and within single-positive thymocytes, complement binding gradually decreased with increasing intrathymic maturation. Binding of the central complement protein C3 to wild-type immature thymocytes required the lectin but not the classical pathway. Specifically, MBL2 but not MBL1 was required, demonstrating a unique function for MBL2. Previous studies demonstrated that the loss of NKAP, a transcriptional regulator of T cell maturation, caused peripheral T cell lymphopenia and enhanced complement susceptibility. To determine whether complement causes NKAP-deficient T cell disappearance, both the lectin and classical pathways were genetically ablated. This blocked C3 deposition on NKAP-deficient T cells but failed to restore normal cellularity, indicating that complement contributes to clearance but is not the primary cause of peripheral T cell lymphopenia. Rather, the accumulation of lipid peroxides in NKAP-deficient T cells was observed. Lipid peroxidation is a salient feature of ferroptosis, an iron-dependent nonapoptotic cell death. Thus, wild-type thymocytes naturally acquire the ability to protect themselves from complement targeting by MBL2 with maturation. However, NKAP-deficient immature peripheral T cells remain scarce in complement-deficient mice likely due to ferroptosis.
The Markov Model of Labor Force Activity 2012-17: Extended Tables of Central Tendency, Shape, Percentile Points, and Bootstrap Standard Errors
Authors: Skoog Gary R. , Ciecka James E. , Krueger Kurt V. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This paper updates the Skoog-Ciecka-Krueger (2011) study which used 2005-09 U.S. population labor force data to estimate worklife expectancies. This update presents estimates using 2012-17 labor force data for persons ages 18 and over by sex and education. These updated estimates are presented as before as a set of worklife tables, including extended probability calculations and other statistical measures useful to forensic economists. Transition probabilities, by age, gender, and education, are contained in the electronic supplementary materials.
Extratropical age of air trends and causative factors in climate projection simulations
Authors: Šácha Petr , Eichinger Roland , Garny Hella , Pišoft Petr , Dietmüller Simone , de la Torre Laura , Plummer David A. , Jöckel Patrick , Morgenstern Olaf , Zeng Guang , Butchart Neal , Añel Juan A. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Climate model simulations show an acceleration of the
Brewer–Dobson circulation (BDC) in response to climate change. While the
general mechanisms for the BDC strengthening are widely understood, there
are still open questions concerning the influence of the details of the wave driving. Mean age of stratospheric air (AoA) is a useful transport
diagnostic for assessing changes in the BDC. Analyzing AoA from a subset of
Chemistry–Climate Model Initiative part 1 climate projection simulations, we
find a remarkable agreement between most of the models in simulating the
largest negative AoA trends in the extratropical lower to middle
stratosphere of both hemispheres (approximately between 20 and 25 geopotential kilometers (gpkm) and 20–50∘ N and S). We show that the occurrence of AoA trend minima in those regions is directly
related to the climatological AoA distribution, which is sensitive to an
upward shift of the circulation in response to climate change. Also other
factors like a reduction of aging by mixing (AbM) and residual circulation
transit times (RCTTs) contribute to the AoA distribution changes by widening
the AoA isolines. Furthermore, we analyze the time evolution of AbM and RCTT trends in the extratropics and examine the connection to possible drivers
focusing on local residual circulation strength, net tropical upwelling and
wave driving. However, after the correction for a vertical shift of pressure
levels, we find only seasonally significant trends of residual circulation
strength and zonal mean wave forcing (resolved and unresolved) without a
clear relation between the trends of the analyzed quantities. This indicates
that additional causative factors may influence the AoA, RCTT and AbM
trends. In this study, we postulate that the shrinkage of the stratosphere
has the potential to influence the RCTT and AbM trends and thereby cause
additional AoA changes over time.
Resolving a 200-year-old taxonomic conundrum: neotype designation for Cephalothrix linearis (Nemertea: Palaeonemertea) based on a topotype from Bergen, Norway
Authors: Kajihara Hiroshi 
Published: June 2019

The taxonomic identity of the palaeonemertean Cephalothrix linearis (Rathke, 1799) has been obscure for nearly two centuries, because its original description applies to almost any congeners, including Cephalothrix filiformis (Johnston 1828) and Cephalothrix rufifrons (Johnston, 1837), which occur commonly in the North Sea and adjacent waters. In this paper, I redescribe C. linearis based on two topotypes from Bergen, one herein designated as the neotype for C. linearis, because Rathke’s original material is not extant; I invoke Article 70.3.2 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature to fix Planaria linearis Rathke, 1799 as the type species of Cephalothrix Örsted, 1843 for the sake of stability. From the neotype, I determined sequences of the 28S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) genes. Using the COI sequence, I inferred the phylogenetic position of C. linearis along with 316 cephalotrichid sequences currently available in public databases. A tree-based species delimitation analysis detected 43 entities among them, with 34 in Cephalothrix and nine in eitherBalionemertes or Cephalotrichella. I apply valid species names to 12 of the 34 entities in Cephalothrix. I tabulated a total of 36 nominal species that are likely the members of the genus; the following five were excluded even though their specific names were originally combined with Cephalothrix: Cephalothrix armata Ulyanin, 1870 [Monostilifera, possibly Emplectonema gracile (Johnston, 1837)], Cephalothrix fragilis Bürger, 1892 [now Cephalotrichella signata (Hubrecht, 1879)], Cephalothrix signata Hubrecht, 1879 [now in Cephalotrichella], Cephalothrix unipunctata Parfitt, 1867 [now Tetrastemma melanocephalum (Johnston, 1837) (Monostilifera)], and Cephalothrix viridis Chapuis, 1886 [possibly Heteronemertea]. The five names cephalothrix Diesing, 1850 (as Borlasia cephalothrix), kroyeri Diesing, 1850 (as Cephalothrix kroyeri), linearis Diesing, 1850 (as Borlasia linearis), lineata Claparède, 1862 (as Cephalothrix lineata), and oerstedii Diesing, 1850 (as Cephalothrix oerstedii) aredeclared nomenclaturally unavailable.
From Exile to Migrancy: Eastern and Central European Models of Cosmopolitical Writing
Authors: Kołodziejczyk Dorota 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In a comparative reading of Central European authors emigrating to the United States, I analyze the shifting role of the writer in the changing models of migrancy. World War II emigrations were often permanent, and the need to sustain contact with the old country as a repository of traditions turned the old country into a sacrosanct space. Writers were expected to support and reinforce the old country ethos. In post–World War II emigrations, including exiles repressed by communist regimes, a similar need is visible. Émigré writers were expected to assume the role of national bards, politically engaged in the cause of freedom for their compatriots. Reading authors who emigrated to the United States—Henryk Grynberg, Janusz Głowacki, and Dubravka Ugresić—I trace the development of what I propose to call the “cosmopolitical” agenda (a neologism linking cosmopolitanism with politics) in global migrant writing. The distinguishing feature of such cosmopolitical migrant writing from Central Europe is a particularly acerbic and language-driven sense of humor based on a self-deprecating, anarchistic attitude toward reality. They also offer subversive representations of the United States, where this space of freedom for an exile from a communist regime was also a space of oppression, repression, and silencing.
Use of Fetal Hemoglobin Quantitation for Rh-Positive Pregnant Females: A National Survey and Review of the Literature
Authors: Karafin Matthew S. , Glisch Chad , Souers Rhona J. , Hudgins Jay , Park Yara A. , Ramsey Glenn E. , Lockhart Evelyn , Pagano Monica B. ,   for the College of American Pathologists Transfusion, Apheresis, and Cellular Therapy Committee
Published: June 2019

Context.—The Kleihauer-Betke (KB) test is validated for estimating the dose of Rh immune globulin needed for Rh-negative pregnant females. However, some clinicians are also ordering the test for Rh-positive women. The degree to which this practice occurs is unknown.Objective.—To evaluate the number of laboratories that perform the KB test on Rh-positive pregnant women, and to establish current ordering practices for this indication.Design.—We added 9 supplemental questions regarding KB test use for fetomaternal hemorrhage to the 2016 College of American Pathologists proficiency test survey. We also reviewed the available literature regarding the diagnostic utility of the KB test for Rh-positive women.Results.—A total of 1578 surveys were evaluated and revealed that 52% (824) of respondents perform these tests for Rh-positive women, and more than 50% (440 of 819; 53.7%) of these laboratories report that the results for Rh-positive women are treated as important or very important.Conclusions.—The KB test is commonly used for Rh-positive women, and the information obtained from the test is considered as urgent and important. However, the available literature in support of this practice is still nonconclusive.