bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self‐Reconstructed Amorphous CoOx/NiCoB Heterostructure Catalysts for Enhanced HER Performance
Authors: Lu Bowen , Wang Wei , Huang Jian , Gao Haohao , Chen Suhui , Xu Haiwei , Hua Zile , Shi Jianlin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAmorphous electrocatalysts exhibit potentials as precursors for triggering the in situ reconstruction to generate the real catalytic active species toward electrochemical processes. In this work, a new kind of amorphous Ni‐Co‐B alloy pre‐catalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is reported, which is obtained via a facile electroless plating strategy on the nickel foam (NF). Interestingly, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X‐ray absorption spectroscopy and morphological characterizations identify the in situ reconstruction process during HER accompanied by the preferential leaching of surface B species and the formation of amorphous CoOx nanosheet arrays as the real active sites. Benefiting from the synergistic effect between the surface CoOx layer and the inner unaltered NiCoB phase, the resultant CoOx/NiCoB heterostructure catalyst achieves a low overpotential of 209 mV at the elevated current density of 500 mA cm−2 and maintains stability for 300 h without significant attenuation. Theoretical calculation reveals the electron reconfiguration at the interfaces between the newly formed CoOx and inner NiCoB phases, which is favorable for the stabilization of reconstructed active oxide layers at the reductive potentials for catalyzing HER. Moreover, the CoOx/NiCoB heterostructure optimizes hydrogen adsorption free energies, thereby enhancing HER catalytic activity.
Guiding pulmonary vasodilatory therapy in systemic sclerosis associated pulmonary hypertension using morphology of the right ventricle outflow tract velocity time integral
Authors: Velasco‐Malagon Sergio , Recalde‐Reyes Julia 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSystemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic, autoimmune disease involving small vessels characterized by skin and internal organs fibrosis. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is one of the main findings, along with pulmonary hypertension, as a marker of morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis is usually late, and therefore treatment is established in the advanced stages of the disease. Point of care ultrasound (POCUS) emerges as a tool at the bedside for shortening diagnostic times and guiding therapy. Here, we performed a multi‐organ POCUS, evidencing the presence of ILD and pulmonary hypertension in a patient with no cardiovascular symptoms suggestive of advanced disease. We did real‐time monitoring of pulmonary vasodilator therapy at the patient's bedside using right ventricle outflow tract velocity time integral morphology (RVOT VTI). Midsystolic notching of RVOT VTI is highly specific for pulmonary hypertension. POCUS is a valuable tool that could improve diagnostic times and optimize therapy monitoring in asymptomatic patients with early manifestations of organic involvement in patients with SSc. This case demonstrates the value of POCUS as a follow‐up tool in treating patients with SSc.
Cyberbullying Detection and Prevention System for Enhancing Online Platform Safety Using Maximum Entropy Model
Authors: Abikoye Oluwakemi Christiana , Gboyega Oluwagbemi , Ogundokun Roseline Oluwaseun , Babatunde Abdulrauph Olarenwaju , Lee Cheng‐Chi 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe widespread proliferation of social media platforms in the 21st century has undoubtedly brought about a significant shift in how individuals establish connections. However, it is essential to acknowledge that this technological innovation has also given rise to negative repercussions. The proliferation of online abuse, harassment, cyberbullying, and trolling has emerged as a significant concern, overshadowing the otherwise advantageous aspects of digital networking platforms. The detrimental effect of cyberbullying is of considerable concern, which often causes profound psychological and physiological anguish among its targets, sometimes resulting in contemplation of suicide. The proliferation of online harassment occurrences, including disclosing confidential dialogues and spreading detrimental rumors, has engendered extensive apprehension. The present research aims to address the pressing need to identify and mitigate cyberbullying within the context of social media platforms. A rigorous approach was used to gather data from Kaggle, which was further processed utilizing sophisticated methods like tokenization, stemming, and lemmatization. The research used the Maximum Entropy Model to develop a detection system to identify instances of bullying in texts or messages shared on social media sites. The algorithm exhibited a praiseworthy mean accuracy rate of 77% in detecting cases of cyberbullying. The results highlight the capacity of the algorithm to anticipate if remarks entered by individuals on social media might be classified as cyberbullying, representing a noteworthy advancement in addressing this widespread problem. This study supports the broader deployment of the created cyberbullying detection system across all social media platforms. The proactive use of this novel technology enables online platforms to effectively detect and mitigate cyberbullying, cultivating a digital environment characterized by enhanced safety and respect. This research illuminates the significant issue of cyberbullying. It presents a concrete remedy to protect the welfare of those who engage in online activities, particularly those more susceptible to harm, such as women and children.
A Systematic Exploration of Mutation‐Based Fault Localization Formulae
Authors: Wang Bo , Wei Jinkang , Chen Mingda , Chen Chong , Lin Youfang , Zhang Jie M. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTFault localization (FL) aims to automatically find the location of bugs in a software program. In the family of FL approaches, spectrum‐based fault localization (SBFL) is the most widely used and has been extensively studied, which computes the suspicious scores of a code element to be buggy via test coverage information. Mutation‐based fault localization (MBFL) further analyses the relationship between mutants and test results. Although MBFL involves more information, it also faces the following limitations. (1) To precisely evaluate suspicious sources, SBFL approaches proposed dozens of formulae based on coverage, while only a few of them have been adopted by MBFL. (2) The current MBFL approaches are based on the assumption that the capability in localizing bugs of each mutant is the same, so they assign the same weight to the mutants that change the test outputs and consider the mutant from the same code element equivalent. In this paper, we intend to enrich the MBFL family by the following two approaches. First, we collect 25 typical SBFL formulae and transform them into MBFL versions. Second, we propose new assumptions that the mutants should have different weights in computing suspicious sources and propose BLMu, a novel MBFL approach that treats mutants differently. We also propose novel metrics for MBFL by considering the high cost of mutation analysis. We perform large‐scale experiments by evaluating all the MBFL approaches against 395 real‐world Java bugs of the Defects4J benchmark. Our evaluation results reveal that BLMu demonstrates a substantial improvement over both MUSE and Metallaxis, the most popular MBFL approaches, at both the statement level and the method level. Specifically, in terms of Top‐1, BLMu improves by 106% at the statement level and 69% at the method level. When compared with other types of FL approaches, MBFL outperforms typical SBFL approaches while still far behind the state‐of‐the‐art learning‐based FL approaches.
The Digital Markets Act and the Principle of Ne Bis in Idem: A Revolution in the Enforcement of EU Competition Law?
Authors: Engel Annegret , Groussot Xavier , Holmberg Emilia 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis chapter will be discussing the development of the ne bis in idem principle and assessing whether its judicial interpretation and application in the last years can be said to constitute a revolution for the enforcement of EU competition law. The analysis will be divided into pre- and post-DMA litigation, starting from the creation of the principle of ne bis in idem in the interaction between the CJEU and ECtHR case law until after the adoption of the DMA with particular focus on two recent Grand Chamber cases of the CJEU: bpost and Nordzucker. Our main argument is that the post-DMA case law constitutes a major shift in the application of the principle of ne bis in idem and will thus significantly contribute to the enforcement practices under the DMA in particular and EU competition law in general.
A New Framework for Limitation of Fundamental Rights in EU Law?
Authors: Petursson Gunnar Thor 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSoon the EU Charter will have been a binding part of EU law for 15 years. Different tasks and challenges are facing the EU legislator and the EU Member States now as compared to in 2009, when it entered into force. Therefore, a focused stock-taking is both timely and relevant. In this chapter, the attention will be on the methodological implications the EU Charter has had, when and once it is the starting point and reference legislation in adjudication of Charter rights, in particular in the context of their limitations. Here Article 52(1) of the EU Charter is the focal point, since steering limitation of its rights, and therefore, appropriately considered to be a pivotal provision in the EU Charter. In this article, the evolution of this provision will be analysed, not least in the light of the more recent case-law of the CJEU, with a specific focus on privacy rights, personal data protection and digital rights in general.
EU Digital Competition Law: Starting from Scratch
Authors: Andriychuk Oles 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe paper discusses the theoretical foundations underpinning the regulatory reform of competition in digital markets introduced by the Digital Markets Act. The area is subject to paradigmatic recalibration, opening up various opportunities as well as raising challenges to the effective functioning of competition in digital markets. The purpose of the paper is to articulate some of these metamorphoses and to offer the preliminary conceptualisation to these processes.
Kraske-Zugang für Tumoren im kaudalen retrorektalen Raum
Authors: Sortino Rosita , Christen Sebastian , Steinemann Daniel , Füglistaler Ida 
Published: November 2024

ZusammenfassungDer Kraske-Zugang, zunächst Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts beschrieben für die Behandlung von Rektumtumoren, verlor seine Popularität zugunsten der von Mills beschriebenen Rektumamputation aufgrund der besseren onkologischen Resultate. Dieser posteriore parasakrale Zugang hat jedoch einen Platz im chirurgischen Angebot gefunden zur Behandlung von retrorektalen Tumoren. Diese werden dank großzügigem Einsatz bildgebender Diagnostik vermehrt diagnostiziert und stellen heutzutage die häufigste Indikation für diese Operationstechnik dar. Die meisten Läsionen sind benigne, jedoch können in diesem Bereich auch primär maligne Tumoren entstehen, oder zunächst benigne Raumforderungen können im Verlauf der Zeit entarten. Außerdem handelt es sich um Entitäten, die oft lange Zeit asymptomatisch bleiben oder unspezifische Symptome zeigen und damit als Zufallsbefund oder erst nach Entwicklung von Komplikationen diagnostiziert werden. Aus diesen Gründen besteht immer die Indikation zur Resektion. Bei einer Lage unterhalb von S3 sollte ein posteriorer Zugang wie der Zugang nach Kraske gewählt werden. In diesem Beitrag wird diese Operationsmethode Schritt für Schritt mit Illustrationen dargestellt. Zusätzlich werden das prä- und postoperative Management und eigene Ergebnisse beschrieben.
Efficacy of palliative hemostatic radiotherapy for tumor bleeding and pain relief in locally advanced pelvic gynecological malignancies
Authors: Meixner Eva , Hoeltgen Line , Dinges Lisa A. , Harrabi Semi , Seidensaal Katharina , Weykamp Fabian , Hoegen-Sassmanshausen Philipp , Vinsensia Maria , König Laila , Deng Maximilian , Debus Jürgen , Hörner-Rieber Juliane 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The appearance of symptomatic tumor-related vaginal bleeding and pain in advanced incurable cancer patients with pelvic gynecological malignancies remains a therapeutic challenge in oncological treatment. The aim of our analysis was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of palliative hemostatic radiotherapy.

Methods
We retrospectively identified patients who had received palliative hemostatic radiotherapy (RT) at our institution between 2011 and 2023 and evaluated acute toxicity, local control, cessation of bleeding, and pain relief.

Results
In total, 40 patients with a median planning target volume of 804 cm3 were treated with a median total dose of 39 Gy in 13 fractions, resulting in 6‑month and 1‑year local control rates of 66.9 and 60.8%, respectively. No higher-grade (>grade III) acute RT-induced toxicity appeared. Complete cessation of bleeding was achieved in 80.0% of all patients after a median of 16 days and pain relief was documented in 60.9% at first follow-up. 37.5% of the women required a blood transfusion and 25% an additional tamponade with local hemostatic agents. Successful stopping of bleeding was significantly less frequent in patients receiving anticoagulation concurrently with radiation and in the case of infield re-irradiation. Patients with a higher total RT dose had cessation of bleeding significantly more often, with a cut-off value of at least EQD2 (α/β = 10) = 36 Gy. The applied RT technique and planning target volume had no significant influence on the occurrence of bleeding cessation.

Conclusion
Palliative hemostatic radiotherapy for locally advanced pelvic gynecological malignancies is safe and effective in achieving high control rates of hemostasis in tumor bleeding and pain relief.
The prognostic importance of glioblastoma size and shape
Authors: Johnstad Claes , Reinertsen Ingerid , Thurin Erik , Dunås Tora , Bouget David , Sagberg Lisa M , Jakola Asgeir S , Solheim Ole 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Extent of resection, MGMT promoter methylation status, age, functional level, and residual tumor volume are established prognostic factors for overall survival in glioblastoma patients. Preoperative tumor volume has also been investigated, but the results have been inconclusive. We hypothesized that the surface area and the shape were more representative of the tumor’s infiltrative capacities, and thus, the purpose of this study was to assess the prognostic value of tumor size and shape in patients with glioblastoma.

Methods
In total, 271 patients with primary, unifocal glioblastoma were included from two centers in Norway and Sweden, respectively. All tumors were automatically segmented on preoperative MRI scans and manually validated. Tumor volume was used as a measurement of size, whereas sphericity index and area-to-volume ratio defined the shape complexity of the tumor. Contact surface area of the tumor was considered a measurement of both size and shape. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the prognostic value of the respective tumor measurements, with previously established prognostic factors as covariates.

Results
There were no associations between preoperative tumor volume and overall survival. Contact surface area (HR = 1.013, p = 0.002) and sphericity index (HR = 2.223, p = 0.001) were both significant independent prognostic factors for survival in the multivariable Cox models. Contact surface area was also associated with MGMT promoter methylation (p = 0.039) and extent of resection (p = 0.017).

Conclusion
Tumor shape complexity appears to be an independent prognostic factor in glioblastoma patients and may also be associated with MGMT promoter methylation status and extent of surgical resection.
Comparison and identification of human coronary plaques with/without erosion using patient-specific optical coherence tomography-based fluid–structure interaction models: a pilot study
Authors: Zhu Yanwen , Zhao Chen , Wu Zheyang , Maehara Akiko , Tang Dalin , Wang Liang , Gao Zhanqun , Xu Yishuo , Lv Rui , Huang Mengde , Zhang Xiaoguo , Zhu Jian , Jia Haibo , Yu Bo , Chen Minglong , Mintz Gary S. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Plaque erosion (PE) with secondary thrombosis is one of the key mechanisms of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) which often leads to drastic cardiovascular events. Identification and prediction of PE are of fundamental significance for disease diagnosis, prevention and treatment. In vivo optical coherence tomography (OCT) data of eight eroded plaques and eight non-eroded plaques were acquired to construct three-dimensional fluid–structure interaction models and obtain plaque biomechanical conditions for investigation. Plaque stenosis severity, plaque burden, plaque wall stress (PWS) and strain (PWSn), flow shear stress (FSS), and ΔFSS (FSS variation in time) were extracted for comparison and prediction. A logistic regression model was used to predict plaque erosion. Our results indicated that the combination of mean PWS and mean ΔFSS gave best prediction (AUC = 0.866, 90% confidence interval (0.717, 1.0)). The best single predictor was max ΔFSS (AUC = 0.819, 90% confidence interval (0.624, 1.0)). The average of maximum FSS values from eroded plaques was 76% higher than that from the non-eroded plaques (127.96 vs. 72.69 dyn/cm2) while the average of mean FSS from erosion sites of the eight eroded plaques was 48.6% higher than that from sites without erosion (71.52 vs. 48.11 dyn/cm2). The average of mean PWS from plaques with erosion was 22.83% lower than that for plaques without erosion (83.2 kPa vs. 107.8 kPa). This pilot study suggested that combining plaque stress, strain and flow shear stress could help better identify patients with potential plaque erosion, enabling possible early intervention therapy. Further studies are needed to validate our findings.
Exploring the Nature-Creativity Connection Across Different Settings: A Scoping Review
Authors: Vella-Brodrick Dianne A. , Lewis Kelsey J. , Gilowska Krystina 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe widespread benefits of creativity have become more salient in recent years. This has led to scholarly interest in finding ways to foster creativity. Nature immersion may be one way to enhance creativity, particularly as many individuals involved in creative pursuits have found nature to be a source of inspiration and a haven for restoration. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) extension for scoping reviews and the PRISMA-ScR 22 item checklist, we conducted a scoping review to examine the evidence on the relationship between nature and creativity as well as any underlying mechanisms facilitating this relationship. A scoping review was deemed appropriate given the infancy of the topic and the need to understand the broad landscape. Our aim was to present a range of interdisciplinary applications of nature interventions on different types of creative performance. We found 45 publications exploring the relationship between nature and creativity, with the majority (n = 36, 80%) published within the past seven years. Overall, the quantitative studies in our scoping review provided evidence of a significant positive relationship, or effect, between nature and creativity. These relationships held across various types of nature including for wilderness, rural and urban settings, as well as in different applications of creativity such as in the arts, workplace, education, and laboratory conditions. Qualitative and case study research also supported the positive relationship between nature and creativity including in diverse nature settings and in different applications such as in visual arts, design, writing, music, free play in kindergartens, and work. Qualitative studies highlighted potential mechanisms behind this relationship, including time in solitude, appreciation of impermanence, relaxation and inspiration, and disconnection from technology. Moreover, the degree of exposure to nature may be an important consideration for creative performance with more immersive, real-life experiences typical of outdoor nature, tending to be more effective than indoor spaces with window views or indoor plants. These preliminary findings suggest that more opportunities to connect with nature, especially in the outdoors, may help to stimulate creativity in a wide range of settings including education, the creative arts, and workplaces, although more high-quality research examining the sustained effects of nature on creativity is needed.
Biocompatibility and antibacterial properties of medical stainless steel and titanium modified by alumina and hafnia films prepared by atomic layer deposition
Authors: Spajić Ivan , Morais Miguel Gonçalves , Monteiro Cláudia , Martins M. Cristina L. , Pêgo Ana Paula , Milošev Ingrid 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNew methods for producing surfaces with suitable biocompatible properties are desirable due to increasing demands for biomedical devices. Stainless steel 316 L and cp- titanium specimens were coated with thin films of alumina and hafnia deposited using the atomic layer deposition method at two temperatures, 180 and 260 °C. The morphology of the films was analysed using scanning electron microscopy, and their surface energies were determined based on drop contact angle measurements. Biocompatibility assays performed using mesenchymal stem cells were evaluated by incubating the specimens and then exposing their extracts to the cells or directly seeding cells on the specimen surfaces. No detrimental effect was noticed for any of the specimens. Antibacterial properties were tested by directly incubating the specimens with the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. Overall, our data show that all prepared films were biocompatible. Alumina films deposited on cp-titanium at 260 °C outperform the other prepared and tested surfaces regarding antiadhesive properties, which could be related to their low surface energy.
Yeast β‒fructosidase-catalyzed synthesis of tyrosol fructoside in mono- and biphasic organic–aqueous systems
Authors: Karkeszová Klaudia , Antošová Monika , Mastihuba Vladimír , Polakovič Milan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Tyrosol and its glycosides offer cell protection from oxidative stress and various health benefits. In this study, Saccharomyces cerevisiae β‒fructosidase potential for synthesizing tyrosol fructoside in mono- and biphasic solvent systems was assessed using 1.5 M sucrose, 10 g/L or 25 g/L tyrosol, at pH 6 and 40°C. Monophasic organic–water systems were designed with nine organic solvents (log P ranging from -1.35 to 0.5). Initial rates of sucrose hydrolysis, tyrosol and sucrose transfructosylation and tyrosol fructoside yields were evaluated. The hydrolytic activity increased with the addition of 5–15% organic solvents, revealing no clear correlation between the log P and sucrose hydrolysis rate. Simultaneously, transfructosylation reaction rates decreased, despite lower water activity. Notably, the effect of log P on tyrosol transfructosylation was observed in 70:30 (v/v) aqueous/organic biphasic systems. Differences in tyrosol fructoside synthesis in six biphasic reaction media were attributed to the unequal solubility of tyrosol in the organic phase, impacting its availability for the enzyme. Product yields were either similar to or lower than those in aqueous media, with no tyrosol fructoside partitioning into the organic phase, thus no effect of product stripping could be observed. Consequently, transfructosylation of tyrosol proves most effective in organic solvent-free media.