bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear unsteady behaviour study for jet transport aircraft response to serious atmosphere turbulence
Authors: Jiang W. , Guo H. , Li Z. , Chang R.C. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe main purpose of this article is to present the nonlinear unsteady behaviour for jet transport aircraft response to serious atmosphere turbulence in cruise flight and to provide the appropriate mitigation concepts for pilots in the pilot training course of the IATA – Loss of Control In-flight (LOC-I) program. The flight data of a twin-jet and a four-jet transport aircraft encountered serious atmosphere turbulence are the study cases for this article. This study uses flight data mining and fuzzy-logic modeling of artificial intelligence techniques to establish nonlinear unsteady aerodynamic models. Since the rapid change of aerodynamic characteristics in turbulence, so the study uses decoupled longitudinal and lateral-directional motion to identify various eigenvalue motion modes of nonlinear unsteady behaviour through digital 6-DOF flight simulation. It is found that the changes of the main flight variables in the aerodynamic scene and flight environment of the two aircraft are different, but the profiles of five eigenvalue motion modes are actually similar. Those similar eigenvalue motion modes can formulate preventive actions related to the flight handling quality for safe and efficient control by pilots to execute the flight tasks. The one with a large drop height during the ups and downs motion between the two is chosen to construct the movement mechanism of nonlinear unsteady behaviours. The assessments of dynamic stability characteristics of nonlinear unsteady behaviour based on the approaches of oscillatory motion and eigenvalue motion modes related to loss of control will be demonstrated in this article. To develop preventive actions, the situation awareness response to the induced mutation of nonlinear unsteady behaviour on the pilot’s operations will be a further research task in the future.
Exact dimension functions of the prime continued fraction Cantor set
Authors: DAS TUSHAR , SIMMONS DAVID SAMUEL 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We study the exact Hausdorff and packing dimensions of the prime Cantor set,

$\Lambda _P$

, which comprises the irrationals whose continued fraction entries are prime numbers. We prove that the Hausdorff measure of the prime Cantor set cannot be finite and positive with respect to any sufficiently regular dimension function, thus negatively answering a question of Mauldin and Urbański (1999) and Mauldin (2013) for this class of dimension functions. By contrast, under a reasonable number-theoretic conjecture we prove that the packing measure of the conformal measure on the prime Cantor set is in fact positive and finite with respect to the dimension function

$\psi (r) = r^\delta \log ^{-2\delta }\log (1/r)$

, where

$\delta $

is the dimension (conformal, Hausdorff, and packing) of the prime Cantor set.
SHEA practice update: infection prevention and control (IPC) in residential facilities for pediatric patients and their families
Authors: Guzman-Cottrill Judith A. , Blatt Daniel B. , Bryant Kristina A. , McGrath Caitlin L. , Zerr Danielle M. , Rosenthal Ayelet , Kociolek Larry K. , Murphy Catherine , Ravin Karen A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn 2011, the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) and Ronald McDonald House Charities® (RMHC®) established a formal collaboration to develop the first IPC guideline. Both organizations agreed that RMH programs staff and other organizations operating similar programs would benefit from a standardized approach. In 2023, the collaboration was re-established to revise and update the original IPC guideline. This SHEA Practice Update on “Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) in Residential Facilities for Pediatric Patients and Their Families” addresses preventing transmission of infectious agents in “home away from home” residential settings, of which the Ronald McDonald Houses (RMHs) serve as a prototype.
Putting the client to work: power dynamics in the family lawyer-client relationship
Authors: Bessière Céline , Mille Muriel , Schütz Gabrielle 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn a context promoting partners’ active participation in their divorce or dissolution, family lawyers often put their clients to work – from stating goals and supplying information for the written file, to embodying the case at the hearing. This article focuses on the coproduction of legal work between family lawyers and their clients, based on long-term collective research on family law in mainland France: interviews with attorneys, observations of encounters between lawyers and clients in lawyer offices and in courts, as well as a “3,000 family cases” database. Using a relational, materialist, structural, and intersectional theoretical approach, we show that coproduction of legal work and its meaning varies greatly depending on the power dynamics between lawyers and clients, – on a spectrum that goes from exploitation to empowerment of the client. Coproduced legal work varies according to configurations of class, race, gender, and age on both side of the desk, as well as according to the structure of the legal market. Interactions between lawyers and their clients thus contribute to shape inequality before the law.
On the formation of cores in accreting filaments and the impact of ambient environment on it
Authors: Anathpindika Sumedh Vinayak , Di Francesco James 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Results from some recent numerical works, including ours, lend credence to the thesis that the ambient environment, that is, the magnitude of external pressure, affects the star-forming ability of clouds and filaments. In continuation with our series of papers on this subject, we explore this thesis further by developing new hydrodynamic simulations of accreting filaments confined by external pressures in the range

$10^{4 -7}$

K cm

$^{-3}$

. Our principal findings are – (i) irrespective of linemass, filament-fragmentation generally yields spheroidal cores. The initially sub-critical filaments in low to intermediate external pressure environments form broad cores suggesting that weakly self-gravitating filaments must fragment via the collect – and- collapse mode to form broad cores. Transcritical filaments, by contrast, become susceptible to the Jeans-type instability and form pinched cores; (ii) the ambient environment bears upon the physical properties of filaments including their FWHM

$_{fil}$

. Only the filaments initially suffused with subsonic turbulence in Solar-Neighbourhood-like environments, however, have FWHM

$_{fil}$

$\sim$

0.1 pc. In high pressure environs such filaments not only have much smaller widths, but also become severely eviscerated. On the contrary, filaments suffused with initially supersonic turbulence are typically broader; (iii) the quasi-oscillatory nature of velocity gradients must be ubiquitous along filament lengths and its magnitude generally increases with increasing pressure. The periodicity of the velocity gradients approximately matches the fragmentation lengthscale of filaments; (iv) oscillatory features of the radial component of the velocity gradient are a unreliable proxy for detecting signatures of accretion onto filaments; and (v) filaments at either extreme of external pressure are inefficient at cycling gas into the dense phase which could reconcile the corresponding inefficiency of star-formation in such environments.
Comparison of weight loss induced by dietary and pharmaceuticals in individuals with overweight and obesity: a retrospective study
Authors: Wang Lei-lei , Wang Ling-ling , Liu Xiao-chen , Hu Hai-ying , Li Hong-xia , Wei Wei , Du Qin , Yan Hui-hui 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study aims to evaluate the impact of low-carbohydrate diet, balanced dietary guidance and pharmacotherapy on weight loss among individuals with overweight or obesity over a period of 3 months. The study involves 339 individuals with overweight or obesity and received weight loss treatment at the Department of Clinical Nutrition at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, between 1 January 2020 and 31 December 2023. The primary outcome is the percentage weight loss. Among the studied patients, the majority chose low-carbohydrate diet as their primary treatment (168 (49·56 %)), followed by balanced dietary guidance (139 (41·00 %)) and pharmacotherapy (32 (9·44 %)). The total percentage weight loss for patients who were followed up for 1 month, 2 months and 3 months was 4·98 (3·04, 6·29) %, 7·93 (5·42, 7·93) % and 10·71 (7·74, 13·83) %, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified low-carbohydrate diet as an independent factor associated with percentage weight loss of ≥ 3 % and ≥ 5 % at 1 month (OR = 0·461, P < 0·05; OR = 0·349, P < 0·001). The results showed that a low-carbohydrate diet was an effective weight loss strategy in the short term. However, its long-term effects were comparable to those observed with balanced dietary guidance and pharmacotherapy.
Novel sequence types and low levels of antimicrobial resistance associated with clinical mastitis in sheep flocks across Scotland
Authors: Ballingall Keith T. , Tassi Riccardo , Gordon Jane , Currie Carol , Dun Kath , Miller Nigel , Silva Nuno 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis research paper aimed to demonstrate that mammary secretions provided by sheep farmers across Scotland from cases of clinical mastitis are free from environmental contamination, as well as to provide information on the major bacterial causes of disease and levels of antimicrobial resistance. Mastitis represents one of most significant diseases of small ruminant production worldwide. Staphylococcus aureus, Mannheimia haemolytica, Streptococcus uberis and coagulase-negative Staphylococcal species are common pathogens isolated from cases of sheep mastitis. Sampling kits supplied to 23 farms provided 33 samples for bacteriology, antimicrobial susceptibility testing and genetic analysis. Of the bacterial isolates identified, 60% were S. aureus, 23% M. haemolytica and 7% coagulase-negative staphylococci. Low levels of antimicrobial resistance were identified in the S. aureus isolates which provided novel multi-locus sequence types. In conclusion, this proof-of-concept survey demonstrated that mammary secretions free from environmental contamination may be provided by sheep farmers. It also provided data on the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance associated with clinical mastitis in sheep and will inform on the scale required for larger surveys aiming to improve current strategies for mastitis control in sheep flocks across the UK.
Tilly Reversed? Another Cycle of Labor and Socialism Is Possible
Authors: Kalb Don 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAs labor in the capitalist system practically tripled to some three billion workers, solidary organizations of labor simultaneously dwindled in relative size and power. This is true globally but also for the historical core countries. While this is a paradox, it is not a contradiction. Capital is a (spatialized) social relationship. The globalization of capital since the 1970s has shifted the power relations with localized labor fundamentally in favor of capital, as Charles Tilly noted in this journal almost thirty years ago. Over time, power balances within capitalist states, and between capitalist states and transnationalizing capital, have reflected that basic class-relational shift. This article explains why the globalizing cycle of weakened labor may now be reversing.
Characteristics and Trajectory of Older Adults Supported by a Patient Navigator Program in a Hospital Setting: A Cohort Observational Study
Authors: Liu Grace , Kokorelias Kristina M. , Knoepfli Amanda , Dasgupta Tracey , Ziegler Naomi , Guilcher Sara J.T. , Hitzig Sander L. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
To improve transitions in care, a new patient navigation (PN) program was introduced to support older adults with complex care needs transition from hospital to home. The patient navigator is a community social worker embedded in the hospital’s care teams. A cohort observational design was used to conduct the study by analysing the patient navigator’s clinical notes and hospital’s administrative data to describe the characteristics of patients, scope of the patient navigator’s activities, and patient outcomes. Ninety patients were assigned to the patient navigator’s caseload (November 2019–November 2021) in which the average age was 78.9 (range 55–95). The most frequent PN intervention types were referrals to community services (66%, n = 59) and discharge planning (61%, n = 55). The patient navigator supported 66% patients (n = 59) in returning home and provided follow-up care for 74 days (average). This study provides important insights into the patient navigator’s role to guide decision makers in implementing PN programs for older adults in a hospital setting.
‘Du Paradis Rêvé’: Parodies of Japonisme in Saint-Saëns's La princesse jaune
Authors: Kavanagh Emma 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The debut of a Japanese exhibit at the 1867 Exposition Universelle prompted a new enthusiasm for Japan (dubbed japonisme) that soon gripped artistic and literary circles in Paris. Camille Saint-Saëns's one-act opera La princesse jaune, which premiered at the Opéra-Comique in 1872, emerged at the height of this fervour. At first glance, it might seem that La princesse jaune simply followed the trend. Yet, on closer examination it is possible to understand its story of an infatuated young artist as a playful, subversive commentary on japonisme. This article thus poses the question: How might we understand La princesse jaune as a parody? To answer this, I begin by considering its protagonist as a mockery of the elitist and exclusive japoniste subcultures that emerged in the wake of the Exposition. Borrowing from William Cheng's concept of ‘opera en abyme’, I then consider the opera's dream sequence, examining how its shifting diegesis highlights the fragile and ephemeral nature of the Orientalist dream. Ultimately, I argue that reading La princesse jaune as a parody allows us not only to reframe the work within Saint-Saëns's œuvre, but also to reassess its place within the wider contexts of nineteenth-century operatic Orientalism.
The nutritional composition and in-store marketing of processed and packaged snack foods available at supermarkets in South Africa
Authors: Solomon Sharna Lee , Frank Tamryn , Ng Shu Wen , Swart Elizabeth C 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives:
Over recent decades, the commercial ultra-processed food industry has grown, making snacks high in energy, added sugar, saturated fat and sodium affordable and accessible to consumers. Dietary patterns high in ultra-processed snacks are concerning as this can result in negative health outcomes. This study aims to provide insight into available snack products in South African supermarkets, and the marketing thereof, which can be used to support policy development aimed at improving the healthfulness of the food supply and consumption patterns.

Design:
This was an observational cross-sectional, mixed-method study.

Setting:
Secondary data from six major supermarket chains (eight stores) in three different suburbs in Cape Town, South Africa was analysed to evaluate the nutritional composition of snack products (n 3837). The same eight supermarkets were revisited to obtain information on marketing via an observational checklist. Qualitative interviews were also conducted with store managers.

Results:
Majority (89 %) of the products assessed either contained non-sugar sweeteners or were high in sugar, saturated fat or sodium. These snack items that are high in nutrients of concern to limit were available at checkout areas in all stores and were found in high-traffic areas, and several in-store promotional strategies such as branded displays, special offers and combo-deals were commonly found.

Conclusion:
The current South African supermarket environment encourages consumers to purchase unhealthy snacks. Most snacks assessed in this study cannot be recommended for regular consumption due to the nutritional composition being high in nutrients linked to poor health outcomes. There is a need for regulation of the in-store marketing of unhealthy snacks in South Africa. Retail settings are potential intervention points for limiting exposure to these unhealthy products.
A new species of Mesolepis (Actinopterygii) from the Late Carboniferous of Scotland, with especial reference to Mesolepis wardi Young
Authors: ELLIOTT Francis M. , GILES Sam 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
A new species, Mesolepis arabellae, is described from material recently recovered from the shales of the Scottish Lower Coal Measure Formation. Up until now, three British species of Mesolepis have been named: Mesolepis scalaris Young, Mesolepis wardi Young, and Mesolepis micropterus Traquair. A fourth member of the genus, Mesolepis pustulosa Pruvost from the coalfields of Northern France, was named on scale description alone, though the validity of this taxon is uncertain. The new material described here varies from other Mesolepis species in its caudal peduncle morphology and overall body shape. Micro-computed tomography of the new species reveals the presence of teeth on the premaxilla and dentary and a splint-like fused prearticular and coronoid element, with implications for a possible feeding behaviour of Mesolepis. Additional information on the homogeneous Mesolepis wardi is also presented.
A Statistical Examination of the Spatial Correlations of HF Ionospheric Absorption Signatures Using the GO‐Canada Riometer Network
Authors: Gillies R. G. , Spanswick E. , Skone S. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA network of 30‐MHz riometers distributed across Canada have been monitoring auroral absorption for decades. Electron precipitation can cause enhanced densities to develop below ∼100 km where the higher neutral density can cause absorption of High Frequency (HF) signals. Modeling D‐region absorption accurately can be challenging due to the large distances between riometer monitoring sites. It is of interest to develop an understanding of the typical scale sizes of these regions for assimilation in ionospheric models. Using the entire network of GO‐Canada riometers, auroral absorption events may be monitored as they develop through a wide MLT sector. By examining correlations between sites, proxies for the scale sizes of absorption regions may be estimated. It was found that the sizes of the absorbing regions in the zonal direction are on the order of 900 km. Conversely, the characteristic scale sizes of the regions in the meridional direction were ∼700 km. These results are consistent with the general magnetospheric structure which sees higher energy electrons primarily present in the nightside transition region, and ring current. This creates a natural limit in latitudinal correlations, while the spread in longitude is likely connected to the size of precipitation regions in MLT. Our results also show significant spread in scale sizes in both directions from a few hundred to several thousand km. In this paper, we summarize these results in terms of the observed trends in high energy electron precipitation spatial and temporal scales and discuss future work to connect these scales to magnetospheric drivers.
Influence of Foehn‐Like Winds on Near‐Surface Temperature at Jang Bogo Station, Terra Nova Bay, East Antarctica
Authors: Ahn Seohee , Seo Won‐Seok , Kwon Hataek , Lee Min‐Hee , Kim Seong‐Joong , Lee Bang Yong , Park Sang‐Jong , Choi Taejin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe coast of Terra Nova Bay (TNB) is known as one of the intense katabatic wind confluence zones in Antarctica. Strong westerly winds with topography‐specific foehn effects (foehn‐like winds, FLWs) could have influenced surface temperatures in this area downwind of the Transantarctic Mountains, yet their impact remains unstudied. Jang Bogo Station (JBS) in TNB has weak winds year‐round, with occasional strong winds causing significant winter temperature increases. This study aims to investigate the FLWs and their recent variability in occurrence at JBS in terms of surface temperature variability. During the strong wind events, the surface warms due to foehn effects such as adiabatic heating and vertical mixing. FLWs occur approximately 16% (10%) of the time in winter (annually). FLWs are caused by cyclones in the eastern Ross Sea. Meteorological records for 2015–2022 revealed an increased FLW frequency, particularly in winter, which has increased temperatures in recent years.
Subdecadal Holocene Warm‐Season Temperature Variability in Central Europe Recorded by Biochemical Varves
Authors: Zander Paul D. , Żarczyński Maurycy , Tylmann Wojciech , Vogel Hendrik , Grosjean Martin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPaleoclimate data provide important information about the character of natural climate variability. However, records with sufficient length and resolution to resolve high‐frequency (decadal‐scale) variability across the Holocene are scarce. We present a 10,800‐year reconstruction of spring and summer temperature at three‐year resolution based on biochemical varves from Lake Żabińskie, Poland. The reconstruction is based on Ca/Ti ratio, which are significantly correlated with instrumental spring and summer temperature spanning 240 years. Major climate events of the Holocene period are represented in the reconstruction, including the Holocene Thermal Maximum, 8.2 ka Event, Medieval Climate Anomaly, and Little Ice Age. A low‐frequency 8,000‐year decreasing trend in warm‐season temperatures is driven by declining summer insolation. Temperature variability is highest during the early Holocene, likely related to warmer and drier conditions. The rate of warming during the past 90 years is extremely unusual, if not unprecedented for the Holocene, based on our reconstruction.
FuXi‐En4DVar: An Assimilation System Based on Machine Learning Weather Forecasting Model Ensuring Physical Constraints
Authors: Li Yonghui , Han Wei , Li Hao , Duan Wansuo , Chen Lei , Zhong Xiaohui , Wang Jincheng , Liu Yongzhu , Sun Xiuyu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRecent machine learning (ML)‐based weather forecasting models have improved the accuracy and efficiency of forecasts while minimizing computational resources, yet still depend on traditional data assimilation (DA) systems to generate analysis fields. Four dimensional variational data assimilation (4DVar) enhances model states, relying on the prediction model to propagate observation to the initial field. Consequently, the initial fields from traditional DA are not optimal for ML‐based models, necessitating a customized DA system. This paper introduces an ensemble 4DVar system integrated with the FuXi model (FuXi‐En4DVar), which can independently generate accurate analysis fields. It utilizes automatic differentiation to compute gradients, and demonstrates the equivalence of these gradients with those derived from adjoint models. Experimental results indicate that this system preserves the physical balance of the analysis field and exhibits flow‐dependent characteristics. These features enhance the propagation and assimilation of observation into the initial analysis field, thereby improving the accuracy of the analysis fields.