bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CRISPR Editing of Mutant IDH1 R132H Induces a CpG Methylation-Low State in Patient-Derived Glioma Models of G-CIMP
Authors: Moure Casey J. , Diplas Bill H. , Chen Lee H. , Yang Rui , Pirozzi Christopher J. , Wang Zhaohui , Spasojevic Ivan , Waitkus Matthew S. , He Yiping , Yan Hai 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenases 1 and 2 (IDH) occur in the majority of World Health Organization grade II and III gliomas. IDH1/2 active site mutations confer a neomorphic enzyme activity producing the oncometabolite D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2HG), which generates the glioma CpG island methylation phenotype (G-CIMP). While IDH1/2 mutations and G-CIMP are commonly retained during tumor recurrence, recent work has uncovered losses of the IDH1 mutation in a subset of secondary glioblastomas. Cooccurrence of the loss of the mutant allele with extensive methylation changes suggests a possible link between the two phenomena. Here, we utilize patient-derived IDH1R132H/WT glioma cell lines and CRISPR-Cas9–mediated gene knockout to model the genetic loss of IDH1R132H, and characterize the effects of this deletion on DNA methylation. After D-2HG production has been abolished by deletions within the IDH1 alleles, these models show persistent DNA hypermethylation at seven CpG sites previously used to define G-CIMP–positivity in patient tumor samples. Despite these defining G-CIMP sites showing persistent hypermethylation, we observed a genome-wide pattern of DNA demethylation, enriched for CpG sites located within open sea regions of the genome, as well as in CpG-island shores of transcription start sites, after loss of D-2HG production. These results suggest that inhibition of D-2HG from genetic deletion of IDH alleles is not sufficient to reverse hypermethylation of all G-CIMP–defining CpG sites, but does result in more demethylation globally and may contribute to the formation of a G-CIMP-low–like phenotype.

Implications:
These findings show that loss of the IDH1 mutation in malignant glioma cells leads to a pattern of DNA methylation alterations, and shows plausibility of IDH1 mutation loss being causally related to the gain of a G-CIMP-low–like phenotype.
РЕЗУЛЬТАТИ ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ ІННОВАЦІЙНОЇ ПРОГРАМИ КАРДІОРЕАБІЛІТАЦІЇ ХВОРИХ НА ІНФАРКТ МІОКАРДА З КОМОРБІДНОЮ ПАТОЛОГІЄЮ
Authors: Levytska L. V. 
Published: July 2019

Мета: проаналізувати ефективність інноваційної програми кардіологічної реабілітації (КР) хворих на інфаркт міокарда (ІМ) з коморбідною патологією (КП).
Матеріали і методи. Узагальнено результати обстеження 371 хворого на інфаркт міокарда з коморбідною патологією, які проходили реабілітацію за традиційною схемою (ТКР) та інноваційною моделлю (ІКР) з використанням «Щоденника реабілітації» та математичної моделі реакції серцево-судинної системи (ММССС).
Результати. Інноваційна програма КР хворих на ІМ із КП виявилась ефективнішою порівняно із традиційною. Так, на стаціонарному етапі реабілітації, під впливом ІКР 87,9 % хворих на ІМ із КП досягли ІV ступеня рухової активності проти 45,1 % хворих, які відновлювалися традиційно (р<0,05). На амбулаторному етапі застосування ІКР сприяло досягненню VІІ ступеня рухової активності у 85,1 % хворих на ІМ із КП проти 58,8 % пацієнтів з групи ТКР (р<0,05). Причому, усі показники толерантності до фізичного навантаження, – ТШХ10, ТШХ30, ТШХ90, дистанційна ходьба при виписуванні були достовірно (р<0,05) вищими під впливом ІКР, ніж при застосуванні ТКР. У межах інноваційної програми КР було проліковано 84 хворих дуже високого ризику, в яких додаткове застосування ММССС дозволило достовірно підвищити результати відновного лікування: до закінчення І етапу реабілітації ІV ступеня фізичної активності досягли 86,9 % хворих проти 39,6 % пацієнтів контрольної групи (р<0,05).
Висновки. 1. Інноваційна індивідуалізована програма кардіореабілітації хворих на ІМ із КП є більш ефективною, ніж традиційна модель, на всіх етапах відновного лікування.

У процесі реабілітації хворих дуже високого кардіоваскулярного ризику рекомендовано використовувати авторську математичну модель реакції серцево-судинної системи з метою прогнозування ризиків на етапах реабілітації.
Treatment Scoring of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms
Authors: Juvela Seppo 
Published: July 2019

Background and Purpose—
The purpose was to obtain a reliable treatment score for unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) from variables known at baseline.

Methods—
The series included 142 patients with UIAs diagnosed between 1956 and 1978 when UIAs were not treated and were followed up until the first aneurysm rupture, death, or the last contact. Previously published UIA treatment score was recorded, and finally, a new treatment score was constructed.

Results—

The median follow-up time was 21.0 years (interquartile range, 10.4–31.8 years). A total of 34 patients had an aneurysm rupture during 3064 person-years of follow-up. The UIA treatment score differed slightly between those with and without an aneurysm rupture (9.4±2.8 versus 8.3±3.1,
P
=0.082). The receiver operating characteristics curve of the UIA treatment score for predicting rupture showed a modest area under the curve (AUC; 0.618, 95% CI, 0.502–0.733;
P
=0.059). The best new treatment score consisted of 4 variables: age <40 years (2 points), current smoking (2 points), UIA size ≥7 mm (3 points), and location (anterior communicating artery, 5 points; internal carotid bifurcation, 4 points; and posterior communicating artery, 2 points). Scores of 5 to 12 points were associated with high cumulative UIA rupture rates (16%–60% at 10 years and 49%–80% at 30 years), favoring UIA treatment. Scores of 1 to 4 points (3% at 10 years and 18% at 30 years) favored conservative treatment and needed additional indications for treatment. Patients with a score of 0 points should not be treated (no ruptures during 513 follow-up years). The area under the curve for this scoring was 0.755 (95% CI, 0.657–0.853;
P
<0.001) and was better than that of the UIA treatment score (
P
=0.02).

Conclusions—
This new simple and rapid scoring system is reliable for evaluating treatment indications with regard to the lifelong prevention of aneurysm rupture.
Low-Dose Rivaroxaban and Risks of Adverse Events in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Cheng Wen-Han , Chao Tze-Fan , Lin Yenn-Jiang , Chang Shih-Lin , Lo Li-Wei , Hu Yu-Feng , Tuan Ta-Chuan , Liao Jo-Nan , Chung Fa-Po , Lip Gregory Y.H. , Chen Shih-Ann 
Published: July 2019

Background and Purpose—
In the daily practice, low-dose nonvitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants are commonly used among Asian patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The aim of the present study was to compare the risks of ischemic stroke, intracranial hemorrhage, and net clinical benefit of Asian patients with AF treated with off-label low-dose and on-label dosing rivaroxaban.

Methods—
A total of 2214 patients with AF aged ≥20 years treated with rivaroxaban at a tertiary medical center in Taiwan were studied. Patients were categorized into 2 groups: (1) on-label dose (n=1630): ROCKET-AF or J-ROCKET dosage criteria; and (2) off-label low-dose (10 mg/d for patients with an estimated glomerulus filtration rate >50 mL/min, n=584). The risks of ischemic stroke and intracranial hemorrhage were compared between 2 groups.

Results—

Compared with the on-label dose group, off-label low-dose rivaroxaban was associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke with an adjusted hazard ratio of 2.75; 95% CI =1.62–4.69;
P
<0.001). The risk intracranial hemorrhage did not differ significantly between the on-label and off-label low-dosing groups (adjusted hazard ratio =0.62; 95% CI =0.32–1.20;
P
=0.213). Compared with off-label low-dose group, on-label dosing rivaroxaban was associated with a positive net clinical benefit in different weighted models. The results were consistent among the propensity-matched cohort.

Conclusions—
Off-label low-dosing rivaroxaban should be avoided for Asian patients with AF giving the higher risk of ischemic stroke without risk reduction in intracranial hemorrhage compared with on-label dosing.
Transient integumentary structures in Boana riojana (Anura, Hylidae) tadpoles
Authors: Quinzio Silvia Inés , Goldberg Javier 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Few studies focusing on embryos and/or tadpole skin morphology have described sensory transient organs whose morphological variation could indicate some taxonomical or functional correlations. We explore here some integumentary features of Boana riojana larvae that are rarely mentioned in tadpole descriptions. We provide histomorphological and SEM descriptions of the lateral line system, a series of evenly distributed unpigmented spots, and some symmetrical paired structures dorsal to the oral disc. The latter are previously unreported in any tadpole. Our descriptions reveal that the: 1) the number of lateral lines resembles those for most tadpoles, but with an unusual arrangement of stitches; 2) paired lateral spots are formed by ciliated cells dispersed in clusters unrelated to the lateral line system; and 3) upper-lip related structures are histomorphologically similar to the unpigmented spots. We discuss and suggest that integumentary transient structures in B. riojana represent traits that should be taken into account when describing tadpoles. This new information may help diagnose species and advance our understanding of tadpole ecomorphology and evolution.
Land Grabbing and Customary Land Rights in Uganda: A Critical Reflection of the Constitutional and Legislative Right to Land
Authors: Ashukem Jean-Claude N. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Despite the constitutional and legislative guarantee to land in Uganda, customary land tenure seems to suffer from inadequate legal protection, a situation that is analogous to that in the colonial and the immediate post-independence era. This article critically examines the normative content of the constitutional and legislative right to land in Uganda and argues that the customary land right is not adequately protected as the other categories of land tenure, in which land is owned and legally recognised in Uganda. It also serves to illustrate that the inadequate protection of customary land rights is analogous to the situation in the colonial and immediate post-independence era, and that weak customary land rights could be susceptible to the occupants’ deprivation during land grabbing. There is a need to address this situation in order to holistically ensure and promote an effective land governance regime that respects and protect customary land tenure.
Manuscripts of al-Muṭarrizī’s Works in Tashkent
Authors: Khabibullaev Akram 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe article describes manuscript copies of works by al-Muṭarrizī (538–610/1144–1213) in the collection of the al-Beruni Centre of Oriental Manuscripts (former al-Beruni Institute for Oriental Studies) in Tashkent. It includes information about four manuscript copies of two different works. In spite of their importance, the manuscripts have yet to receive the attention they deserve from cataloguers and researchers. Only one of them was briefly described in a previously published catalogue. The goal of this article is to draw attention to some important manuscripts that have largely remained unseen. It is part of my larger research project ‘Intellectual life in Khwarizm: 10–13th Centuries’.
The Mughal Manuscript of the Ḥamza-nāma in the Context of Oral Storytelling and Performance
Authors: Faridany-Akhavan Zahra 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe Ḥamza-nāma manuscript was the largest and most ambitious illustrative program of the Mughal emperor Akbar’s atelier. Known as ‘the wonder’ conceived by the emperor, it told 360 tales in a new visual language. The manuscript consisted of 1400 large pages of illustration on cloth, backed by nineteen lines of fine nastaliq text on paper. Today only about 200 are known. Speculative theories about the manuscript maintained that the illustrations were held up to an audience while the text was read out aloud from the back. However, codicological evidence disproved this theory by reconstructing volume eleven whose illustrations and text were in excellent condition, and the legible numbering was consistent with the story and the title. Yet, many of the extant pages still remain unidentified, continue to be misinterpreted and have been arbitrarily assigned to early, late and ‘unidentified’ volumes by recent scholarship. This article re-examines the Ḥamza-nāma, restores several of the damaged and miscatalogued pages to their rightful place, and identifies and forges new links between the folios. It discusses the tradition of oral storytelling, addresses the recent misunderstanding about how the pages functioned, and introduces new story cycles within the dispersed Mughal manuscript.
al-Ṣiqillī or al-Ṣaqalī / Sicily or Tunisia?
Authors: D’Ottone Rambach Arianna 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis article reconsiders the text and the authorship of an anonymous Arabic manuscript containing ink recipes. The text was first published by Eugenio Griffini in 1910, but the ink recipes have only recently attracted scholarly attention. Though the latest contributions on the manuscript consider it lost, it is in fact preserved at the Ambrosiana Library. Attributed to ‘the Sicilian’, an anonymous author, it is possible that it is the work of a 15th-century physician from Tunis. Griffini edited the text, but images of the manuscript are published here for the first time, as well as an English translation and a new edition. For comparison, other ink recipes, from a sixteenth-century manuscript in maghribī script are edited and translated as well.
Resilience and anxiety or depression among resettled Bhutanese adults in the United States
Authors: Poudel-Tandukar Kalpana , Chandler Genevieve E , Jacelon Cynthia S , Gautam Bhuwan , Bertone-Johnson Elizabeth R , Hollon Steven D 
Published: July 2019

Background: Resilience, or an individual’s positive response in managing life’s adversities, is of increasing interest in addressing the mental health disparities in refugees. Although the link between stressful life events and poor mental health is established, research on the role of resilience on the mental health of refugees is limited. Aims: This study assessed the association between resilience and anxiety or depression in resettled Bhutanese adults in Western Massachusetts. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 225 Bhutanese (men: 113, women: 112) refugees aged 20–65 residing in Massachusetts. Resilience was measured with the 25-item Wagnild and Young’s Resilience Scale including two constructs as follows: a 17-item ‘personal competence’ that measures self-reliance, independence, determination, resourcefulness, mastery and perseverance and an 8-item ‘acceptance of self and life’ that measures adaptability, flexibility and a balanced perspective of life. Higher total scores indicate greater resilience. The Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 was used to measure anxiety (10-item) and depression (15-item) with a cutoff mean score of ⩾1.75 for moderate to severe symptoms. Associations of resilience with anxiety or depression scores were assessed using multiple-linear and logistic regression analyses. Results: The proportion of participants with above threshold anxiety and depression were 34.2% and 24%, respectively. Resilience was inversely associated with both anxiety (beta for 1 unit change in resilience scores: β = −0.026; p = .037) and depression (β = −0.036, p = .041). ‘Personal competence’ resilience was inversely associated with both anxiety (β = −0.041 p = .017) and depression (β = −0.058, p = .019), but ‘acceptance of self and life’ resilience was not. Participants with the highest tertile of resilience scores had a significantly decreased risk of anxiety (ORs (95% CI): 0.13 (0.04–0.40)) and depression (0.16 (0.04–0.60)). Conclusion: Higher resilience was associated with reduced anxiety and depression among Bhutanese with personal competence resilience accounting for most of the effects. These findings suggest the potential targets for mental-health intervention to improve resilience in refugees.
Measuring height and weight as part of routine mammographic screening for breast cancer
Authors: Darcey Ellie , Ambati Ravi , Lund Helen , Redfern Andrew , Saunders Christobel , Thompson Sandra , Wylie Elizabeth , Stone Jennifer 
Published: July 2019

Objectives Body mass index is a strong predictor of post-menopausal breast cancer risk and (negatively) confounds the association between mammographic breast density and breast cancer risk; however, height and weight are not typically measured as part of routine mammographic screening. This study piloted voluntary height and weight measurement within the BreastScreen Western Australia (WA) programme, and assessed trial participation. Methods From February 2016 to January 2018, 204,429 women attending BreastScreen WA were invited to have their height and weight measured and recorded as part of their routine screening mammogram. Descriptive data analysis was used to assess pilot participation rates by available screening data. Results Of the 204,429 patients who attended BreastScreen WA during the pilot, 76.35% (156,072) agreed to have their height and weight measured. Pilot participation rates were significantly lower in those patients with disabilities (RR: 0.626; 95% CI: 0.600, 0.653), those who spoke a language other than English at home (RR: 0.876; 95% CI: 0.867, 0.885), and those who identified as Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (RR: 0.829; 95% CI: 0.807, 0.852). Pilot participation decreased over time from 88.9% in the first three months to 55.5% in the last month, due to lessening of support from BreastScreen staff. Conclusion Measuring height and weight at the time of routine mammographic screening is feasible, although logistical issues, particularly the added time/effort required of support staff, should be considered. BreastScreen WA has since decided to collect voluntary self-reported height and weight data as routine screening policy.
Who Benefits from the Past? The Process of Cultural Heritage Management in the Field of Animation in Poland (The Case of the Se-Ma-For Film Studio in Łódź)
Authors: Ciszewska Ewa 
Published: July 2019

With a view to studying the social and institutional practices related to the post-1989 approaches to film animation under socialism, this article addresses the transformation of the state-owned Se-Ma-For Film Studio in Łódź and the private company that later took over its name (the Se-Ma-For Film Company). The chronological scope of the study extends from 1989 to 2016; however, to identify the impact of the 1989 watershed on the animation market in Poland, modalities of operation of animation film studios in state-socialism era are presented. This article addresses the question of which heritage communities work with the memory of the animated film studio in Łódź, as well as the issue of the ways in which cultural heritage management processes have taken place. The article makes the case that the approving attitude towards the organizational and aesthetic values of Poland’s film industry under socialism has become a characteristic feature of strategies leading to the cultural heritage management of Polish film animation from this period.In conclusion, the author asserts that the commercialization of the cultural heritage of the former state-owned studio benefited the economic and symbolic capital of two institutions, the Museum of Cinema and the Se-Ma-For Film Company, as well as the city of Łódź, which branded itself as a city of film.
Healthcare-associated infections and compliance of hand hygiene among healthcare workers in a tertiary health facility, southwest Nigeria
Authors: Irek Emmanuel O , Aliyu Alhaji A , Dahiru Tukur , Obadare Temitope O , Aboderin Aaron O 
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are threats in healthcare settings contributing to increased morbidity, mortality and antimicrobial resistance worldwide. Hand hygiene (HH) is the simplest and most important single intervention to reduce HAIs. Aims/objectives: This study sought to determine rates of HAIs as well as compliance of HH among healthcare workers (HCWs) in Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex (OAUTHC). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 227 HCWs (59 doctors, 129 nurses and 39 ward attendants) selected by multistage sampling across 10 hospital wards. Electronic interviewer-administered questionnaire, HH compliance checklist and point prevalence of HAI were done using World Health Organization and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention toolkits, respectively. Results: Only 20.33% (n = 12) of doctors, 3.88% (n = 5) of nurses and 2.56% (n = 1) of ward attendants had good knowledge of HH (χ2 = 22.22, P value = 0.01). Among doctors, 11.86% (n = 7), 6.98% (n = 9) of nurses and 2.56% (n = 1) of ward attendants had positive perception towards HH (χ2 = 7.87, P value = 0.25). Of the 174 opportunities for HH observed, compliance rates were 42.37%, 55.81% and 68.97% among doctors, nurses and ward attendants, respectively. Point prevalence of HAI was 16.38%. Discussion: Good knowledge and positive perception about HH were uncommon among doctors, nurses and ward attendants. However, ward attendants had the highest compliance to HH. There was a high prevalence of HAIs in this institution.
Morphological classification of the tubercle of insertion of the transverse atlantal ligament: A computer tomography–based anatomical study of 200 subjects
Authors: Mueller Kyle , MacConnell Ashley , Berkowitz Frank , Voyadzis Jean-Marc 
Published: July 2019

Background and purpose The atlantal tubercle is the attachment point of the transverse atlantal ligament, the main stabilizer of the atlantoaxial complex. No system of classification of the tubercle exists in the literature. We aimed to develop a morphologically based classification system of the atlantal tubercle to aid clinicians who deal with craniocervical pathology. Materials and methods A retrospective review of computed tomography (CT) scans of the cervical spine was performed. The morphology of the atlantal tubercle was classified into four variants: rounded (classical), pointed, flattened, and hypoplastic. Age, presence, and morphological type were recorded. Results A total of 200 CT scans were identified and reviewed. The tubercle was present bilaterally in all patients. Patients were equally distributed over various age ranges. The following morphological types were recorded: rounded (227/400; 56.8%), pointed (13/400; 3.3%), flattened (126; 31.5%), and hypoplastic (34/400; 8.5%). The same type was seen bilaterally in 68% (135/200) of patients. Morphological types appear equally on the right and left side of the atlas. Conclusions The first morphologically based classification system of the atlantal tubercle utilizing CT is presented. Morphology type, especially hypoplastic type, may confer an increased risk for subsequent need for posterior fusion.
Prediction or interpretability?
Authors: Nembrini Stefano 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe journal published a review of the literature on recursive partition in epidemiological research comparing two decision tree methods: classification and regression trees (CARTs) and conditional inference trees (CITs).
There are two sources of potential confusion in the paper for readers: one lies in the definition and the comparison of CITs and CARTs, while the other is more general and it refers to the use of hyper-parameters and their tuning through resampling techniques.