bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of affective symptoms on personal recovery of patients with severe mental illness
Authors: Van Eck Robin Michael , Burger Thijs Jan , Schenkelaars Marij , Vellinga Astrid , de Koning Mariken Beatrijs , Schirmbeck Frederike , Kikkert Martijn , Dekker Jack , de Haan Lieuwe 
Published: July 2018

Background: Clinical recovery is often defined as remission of symptoms. Personal recovery is described as growing beyond the catastrophic effects of mental illness, sometimes despite ongoing symptoms. Aims: To examine the relationship between the severity of clinical symptom domains and personal recovery in patients with severe mental illness (SMI). Methods: Symptom severity and personal recovery of 105 outpatients with SMI at Mentrum, part of Arkin Institute for Mental Health in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, were assessed using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale–Expanded Version (BPRS-E) and the Mental Health Recovery Measure (MHRM). Correlation and regression analyses were used to investigate the associations. Results: The multiple regression analysis showed that only affective symptoms significantly predicted personal recovery, whereas neither positive nor negative symptom severity added to the explained variance in the model. Conclusion: The association between affective symptoms and personal recovery in patients with SMI implies that treatment of affective symptoms may advance personal recovery, and/or support of personal recovery may improve mood, whereas focussing on treatment of psychotic symptoms might not be the key to personal recovery. More research is needed to elucidate causal interrelations.
Is fair value information relevant to investment decision-making: Evidence from the Australian agricultural sector?
Authors: He Li Yu (Colly) , Wright Sue , Evans Elaine 
Published: July 2018

Despite major accounting standards boards worldwide continuing to use fair value extensively, academic evidence on the relevance of fair value accounting has focused on financial assets. This study breaks new ground to provide the first empirical evidence for the agricultural sector on the relevance of fair value accounting. It examines the forecasting power of the fair value of biological assets for future operating cash flows. Using all agribusinesses listed in Australia, where fair value accounting was first implemented in the agricultural sector, we find that fair value of biological assets does not provide incremental forecasting power for future operating cash flows, whether market-determined prices or managerially estimated value is used. The findings of this study provide empirical support for the call by Elad and Herbohn in 2011 for the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) to revisit the implementation of fair value accounting in the agricultural sector. JEL Classification: G14, G38, M41, Q18
Perceptions of slow codes by nurses working on internal medicine wards
Authors: Ganz Freda DeKeyser , Sharfi Rotem , Kaufman Nehama , Einav Sharon 
Published: July 2018

Background: Cardio-pulmonary resuscitation is the default procedure during cardio-pulmonary arrest. If a patient does not want cardio-pulmonary resuscitation, then a do not attempt resuscitation order must be documented. Often, this order is not given; even if thought to be appropriate. This situation can lead to a slow code, defined as an ineffective resuscitation, where all resuscitation procedures are not performed or done slowly. Research objectives: To describe the perceptions of nurses working on internal medicine wards of slow codes, including the factors associated with its implementation. Research design: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study. Participants completed a personal characteristics questionnaire and the Perceptions and Factors of Slow Codes questionnaire designed for this study. Participants and research context: The sample was a convenience sample of nurses working on internal medicine wards in two Israeli hospitals. Ethical considerations: The study received ethical approval from both institutions, where data were collected and stored according to institutional policy. Findings: Most reported that resuscitations were conducted according to protocol (n = 90, 76.2%). Some took their time calling the code (n = 22, 18.3%), or waited by the bedside and did not perform cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (n = 45, 37.5%). Factors most associated with slow codes were poor patient prognosis (mean = 3.52/5, standard deviation = 1.27) and a low chance of patient survival (mean = 3.37/5, standard deviation = 1.21). Two-thirds (n = 76, 66.8%) reported that slow codes were done on their unit and the majority (n = 80, 69%) perceived slow codes as ethical. Discussion: This study confirms that slow codes are part of medical care on internal medicine wards, where most nurses perceive them as an ethical alternative. These perceptions are in contrast to most legal and ethical opinions expressed in the literature. Conclusion: Nurses should be educated about the legal and ethical implications of slow codes, and qualitative and quantitative studies should be conducted that further investigate its implementation.
Iron Fist for the New Era: How Xi Rules China
Authors: Godbole Avinash 
Published: July 2018

Jayadeva Ranade, Cadres of Tibet. New Delhi: KW Publishers, 2018, pp. 218, ₹1120. ISBN: 9789386288929. Jayadeva Ranade, Xi Jinping’s China. New Delhi: KW Publishers, 2018, pp. 406, ₹1400. ISBN: 9789386288905.
Prevalence and Incidence of Statin Use and 3-Year Adherence and Discontinuation Rates Among Older Adults With Dementia
Authors: Ofori-Asenso Richard , Ilomaki Jenni , Tacey Mark , Curtis Andrea J. , Zomer Ella , Bell J. Simon , Zoungas Sophia , Liew Danny 
Published: July 2018

Objective: To examine the patterns of statin use and determine the 3-year adherence and discontinuation rates among a cohort of Australians aged ≥65 years with dementia. Methods: The yearly prevalence and incidence of statin use were compared via Poisson regression modeling using 2007 as the reference year. People with dementia were identified according to dispensing of antidementia medications. A cohort of 589 new statin users was followed longitudinally. Adherence was estimated via the proportion of days covered (PDC). Discontinuation was defined as ≥90 days without statin coverage. Results: The annual prevalence of statin use among older Australians with dementia increased from 20.6% in 2007 to 31.7% in 2016 (aged-sex adjusted rate ratio: 1.51, 95% confidence interval: 1.35-1.69). Among the new users, the proportion adherent (PDC ≥ 0.80) decreased from 60.3% at 6 months to 31.0% at 3 years. During the 3-year follow-up, 58.7% discontinued their statin. Conclusions: Despite increased use of statins among older Australians with dementia, adherence is low and discontinuation is high, which may point to intentional cessation.
Thumb carpometacarpal arthritis in patients with Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome: non-operative and operative experiences
Authors: Hevesi Mario , Chaudhry Arif R. , Wagner Eric R. , Moran Steven L. 
Published: July 2018

Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome is a connective tissue disorder that results in joint and generalized tissue hyperlaxity, predisposing patients to early onset arthritis. An institutional database spanning 1999–2016 was reviewed for all patients with symptomatic carpometacarpal arthritis and coexisting Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, resulting in 14 thumbs amongst nine patients followed clinically for a median of 5.9 years (range 1–15). Patients managed non-operatively demonstrated stable subjective pain and trended towards decreased range of motion over time, whereas patients managed operatively had significant improvements in pain and trended towards increased grip strength. Our findings suggest that patients with Ehlers-Danlos-associated carpometacarpal arthritis can be successfully managed both operatively and non-operatively and that patients with pain refractory to conservative therapy may benefit from relief and increased hand strength following surgical intervention. Level of evidence: IV
Supporting the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals: reconceptualising a ‘sustainable development assessment tool’ for the health and care system in England
Authors: Hewitt Michael , Molthan-Hill Petra , Lomax Richard , Baddley Jerome 
Published: July 2018

Aim: As one of the biggest organisations in the world, the National Health Service (NHS) in England can contribute considerably to the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (UN’s SDGs). In order to optimise this, this study evaluated and reconceptualised a sustainable development assessment tool for health and care settings in England. Methods: A quantitative survey and user/expert discussion panels were conducted to evaluate and reconceptualise the existing sustainable development assessment tool used by the NHS in England, the so-called ‘Good Corporate Citizenship Assessment Tool’, including potential improvements such as the integration of the UN’s SDGs. Results: A reconceptualised self-assessment tool integrating the UN’s SDGs was developed and implemented online as the ‘Sustainable Development Assessment Tool’ (SDAT). Further improvements included a process-oriented redesign and the creation of new modules and cross-sections aligning them with the leads responsible for the implementation of key initiatives in NHS organisations, which would contribute to achieving the targets of the SDGs. Conclusion: User/expert involvement has enabled an informed approach to a reconceptualisation of a sustainable assessment tool for health and care settings. The tool will support organisations to build their mandatory Sustainable Development Management Plans, as part of the National Public Health Outcomes Framework. Alignment of the tool to the UN’s SDGs provides an opportunity for health and care organisations to demonstrate accountability and progress against the UN’s set of transformational goals. Furthermore, the tool could be adapted to other public service providers.
The magnitude and correlates of geriatric depression using Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) – a Bahrain perspective for the WHO 2017 campaign ‘Depression – let’s talk’
Authors: Asokan GV , Awadhalla M , Albalushi A , al-Tamji S , Juma Z , Alasfoor M , Gayathripriya N 
Published: July 2018

Aims: Amid no current estimates or correlates of geriatric depression in Bahrain and support WHO campaign 2017 ‘Depression–let’s talk’, we aimed to assess the magnitude of geriatric depression and explore its association with socio-demographic and health characteristics among the Bahrainis. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out among the geriatric Bahrainis attending the 12 community congregations of the ministry of labor and social development in Bahrain, as well as in the community, by a convenient sampling method using a validated, shorter, Arabic version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15 items) which is a self-report instrument to screen for clinical depression. Univariate analysis followed by a multivariate ordinal logistic regression was employed to test the associations between socio-demographic and health characteristics for geriatric depression. Results: Of the 517 participants, 85% had the history of illness and polypharmacy. The prevalence of depression was 50.6% with a mean score of 5.23; mild, moderate, and severe depression was 30.8%, 12.4%, and 7.3%, respectively. Among the significant socio-demographic and health characteristics, the ordinal regression showed that lower depressive scores were observed for those currently married, educated, and who had not been hospitalized in the last year, with higher scores for financially dependent/income < BD 200(≈£377). Conclusion: The high prevalence of geriatric depression using the screening tool of GDS-15 demands further diagnostic assessment by mental health professionals. Lower levels of education linked to low income or financial dependency, widowed or separated, and recent hospitalization were the factors associated with depression. We recommend targeted interventions of proactive screening and treatment options, cognitive behavioral therapy, and interpersonal therapy.
Association between physical health and cardiovascular diseases: Effect modification by chronic conditions
Authors: Saquib Nazmus , Brunner Robert , Desai Manisha , Allison Matthew , Garcia Lorena , Stefanick Marcia L 
Published: July 2018

Objectives: This study assessed whether the physical component summary score of the RAND-36 health-related quality-of-life survey was associated with incidence of coronary heart disease, stroke, congestive heart failure, angina, or peripheral arterial disease, and whether baseline chronic conditions modified these associations. Methods: Analysis was limited to 69,155 postmenopausal women (50–79 years) in the Women’s Health Initiative Study who had complete data on the RAND-36, the outcomes, and covariates. Chronic conditions were defined as blood pressure ⩾140/90 mm or self-reported heart disease, diabetes, hypertension, arthritis, asthma, emphysema, cancer, and/or cholesterol-reducing medication use. Outcomes data were ascertained during follow-up (1993–2005) with medical records. Results: There were 2451 coronary heart disease, 1896 stroke, 1533 congestive heart failure, 1957 angina, and 502 peripheral arterial disease events during follow-up (median 8.2 years). Participants in the lowest physical component summary quintile, compared to the highest, had a significantly higher risk of developing coronary heart disease (hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) 2.0 (1.7, 2.3)), stroke (1.8 (1.5, 2.2)), angina (2.4(2.0, 2.9)), and peripheral arterial disease (3.0 (2.0, 4.4)), irrespective of chronic conditions. Interactions between physical component summary and existing chronic conditions were not significant for any outcome except congestive heart failure (p = 0.005); after adjustment, participants in the lowest physical component summary quintile and with any chronic condition had nearly a twofold higher risk of congestive heart failure (Yes = 4.4 (3.3, 5.8) vs No = 2.4 (1.2, 4.3)). Conclusion: We found a low physical component summary score was a significant risk factor for individual cardiovascular disease incidence in postmenopausal women.
Grab a Seat! Nudging Providers to Sit Improves the Patient Experience in the Emergency Department
Authors: Orloski Clinton J , Tabakin Erica R , Shofer Frances S , Myers Jennifer S , Mills Angela M 
Published: July 2018

Objective: We assessed whether provider sitting influenced patient satisfaction in an academic emergency department (ED) and if education and/or environmental manipulation could nudge providers to sit. Methods: This was a prospective, controlled pre–post trial of provider sitting and its influence on patient satisfaction within 2 urban, academic EDs. A 12-item survey was administered to a convenience sample of patients to assess for care satisfaction before, during, and after study interventions. Study interventions included (a) placement of branded folding seats and (b) an educational campaign. Only the intervention ED received folding seats. The primary outcome examined the influence of provider sitting on patient satisfaction. A secondary outcome examined the frequency of provider sitting. Results: During the entire study period, 2827 patients were surveyed; 63% were female and 65% were between the ages of 26 and 65. Sitting at any point during an ED encounter improved responses to satisfaction questions (polite [67% vs 59%], cared [64% vs 54%], listened [60% vs 52%], informed [57% vs 47%], time [56% vs 45%], P < .0001 for all measures). The odds of provider sitting increased 30% when a seat was placed in the room (odds ratio [OR] = 1.3, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1-1.5). No change in provider sitting was observed in the control ED (OR = 1.0, 95% CI: 0.8-1.2). Conclusions: Placing a seat in a patient’s room nudges providers to sit during an ED encounter. Education alone did not influence provider behavior. Sitting down resulted in significantly higher patient satisfaction scores during an ED visit.
When fats commit crimes: fatty acid metabolism, cancer stemness and therapeutic resistance
Authors: Kuo Ching‐Ying , Ann David K. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe role of fatty acid metabolism, including both anabolic and catabolic reactions in cancer has gained increasing attention in recent years. Many studies have shown that aberrant expression of the genes involved in fatty acid synthesis or fatty acid oxidation correlate with malignant phenotypes including metastasis, therapeutic resistance and relapse. Such phenotypes are also strongly associated with the presence of a small percentage of unique cells among the total tumor cell population. This distinct group of cells may have the ability to self‐renew and propagate or may be able to develop resistance to cancer therapies independent of genetic alterations. Therefore, these cells are referred to as cancer stem cells/tumor‐initiating cells/drug‐tolerant persisters, which are often refractory to cancer treatment and difficult to target. Moreover, interconversion between cancer cells and cancer stem cells/tumor‐initiating cells/drug‐tolerant persisters may occur and makes treatment even more challenging. This review highlights recent findings on the relationship between fatty acid metabolism, cancer stemness and therapeutic resistance and prompts discussion about the potential mechanisms by which fatty acid metabolism regulates the fate of cancer cells and therapeutic resistance.
The interface between periacetabular osteotomy, hip arthroscopy and total hip arthroplasty in the young adult hip
Authors: Jakobsen Stig Storgaard , Overgaard Søren , Søballe Kjeld , Ovesen Ole , Mygind-Klavsen Bjarne , Dippmann Christian Andreas , Jensen Michael Ulrich , Stürup Jens , Retpen Jens 
Published: July 2018

Hip pain is highly prevalent in both the younger and the elderly population. In older patients, pain arising from osteoarthritis (OA) is most frequent, whereas in younger patients, non-degenerative diseases are more often the cause of pain. The pain may be caused by hip dysplasia and femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). Abnormal mechanics of the hip are hypothesized by some authors to cause up to 80% of OA in the hip. Therefore, correction of these abnormalities is of obvious importance when treating young patients with hip pain. Hip dysplasia can be diagnosed by measuring a CE angle < 25° on a plain standing radiograph of the pelvis. Dysplastic or retroverted acetabulum with significant symptoms should receive a periacetabular osteotomy (PAO). FAI with significant symptoms should be treated by adequate resection and, if necessary, labrum surgery. If risk factors for poor outcome of joint-preserving surgery are present (age > 45 to 50 years, presence of OA, joint space < 3 mm or reduced range of motion), the patient should be offered a total hip arthroplasty (THA) instead of PAO. THA can be performed following PAO with outcomes similar to a primary THA. Hip arthroscopy is indicated in FAI (cam and pincer) and/or for labral tears.Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2018;3:408-417. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.3.170042
Microdosing technology of fertilizer for sorghum production at Shambat, Sudan
Authors: ARBAB MONIRAH BABIKER MOHAMED , DAGASH YASSIN MOHMAD IBRAHIM 
Published: July 2018

Arbab MBM, Dagash YMI. 2017. Microdosing technology of fertilizer for sorghum production at Shambat, Sudan. Cell Biol Dev 1: 18-22. The study was conducted at the experimental farm of Sudan University of Science and Technology, College of Agricultural Studies; Khartoum North-Shambat, to investigate the agronomic response and efficiency of fertilizer microdosing in Sorghum. An experiment with the following treatments was achieved: control without fertilizer, microdosing treatments with the rates of 1, 2, 3 and 4 g NPK per plant hole at sowing. The treatments were arranged in a completely randomized block design with four replications. The experiment was conducted during the growing season of 2015. Weeding was carried once after three weeks from seed germination and irrigated weekly. The following parameters were considered during experimentation; the number of leaves, plant height, node length and stem thickness, while the shoot fresh and dry weights were recorded at termination. The data collected were subjected to analysis of variance and the means were separated by Duncanâ€™s multiple rang test. The results obtained showed the progressive improvement of all Sorghum tested characters. There were highly significant differences in plant height, stem thickness, shoot fresh and dry weight. The number of leaves and the node length showed significant differences. The four gram microdose gave the best results.
Motivations and Experiences of People Seeking Medication Abortion Online in the United States
Authors: Aiken Abigail R.A. , Broussard Kathleen , Johnson Dana M. , Padron Elisa 
Published: July 2018

CONTEXTState legislation restricting access to abortion in the clinic setting raises the possibility that an increasing number of individuals in the United States will self‐manage their abortion at home. Medications sourced online represent a potential pathway to abortion self‐management. Yet, very little is known about the reasons U.S. residents may seek abortion online or their experiences finding medications and information.METHODSIn January–June 2017, anonymous in‐depth interviews were conducted with 32 people from 20 states who sought abortion medications online (30 women and two men seeking medications for their partners). Participants were asked about their (or their partners’) motivations for considering self‐managed abortion, the sources of medications they identified and any other methods they considered. Transcripts were coded and analyzed according to the principles of grounded theory.RESULTSThe analysis revealed four key themes: Seeking abortion medications online can be a response to clinic access barriers both in states with and in ones without restrictive abortion laws; self‐managed abortion can be a preference over clinical care; online options offer either information or medications, but not both; and the lack of trusted online options can delay care and lead to consideration of ineffective or unsafe alternatives.CONCLUSIONCurrent online options for abortion medications leave many important needs unmet, particularly for women who encounter barriers to obtaining clinic‐based abortion services. There is a public health justification to reduce clinic access barriers and to make medication abortion that is sourced online and managed at home as safe and supported as possible.