bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Xenotransplantation of goat ovary as an alternative to analyse follicles after vitrification
Authors: Jiatsa Donfack Nathalie , Alves Kele Amaral , Alves Benner Geraldo , Pedrosa Rocha Rebeca Magalhães , Bruno Jamily Bezerra , Lobo Carlos H. , Bertolini Marcelo , dos Santos Regiane Rodrigues , Taumaturgo Marilia de Oliveira , Raposo Ramon da Silva , de Figueiredo José Ricardo , Smitz Johan , Ribeiro Rodrigues Ana Paula 
Published: September 2018

ContentsThe aim of this study was to evaluate the caprine preantral follicles enclosed on vitrified/warmed ovarian cortex grafted to nude BALB/mice during 1 month. The ovarian cortex from goats was fragmented (3 × 3 × 0.5 mm) and divided into four groups: fresh control, vitrified control, fresh transplant and vitrified transplant. Follicular morphology, development and density, fibrosis as well as apoptosis, and tissue revascularization were evaluated. It was also observed a significant decrease in morphologically normal preantral (primordial, transition, primary and secondary) follicles in both vitrified control and vitrified transplant treatments when compared with both fresh control and fresh transplant. However, fresh control and fresh transplant exhibited a similar percentage of developing follicles. Additionally, Vitrified control showed a significant increase in developing follicles in comparison with both fresh control and fresh transplant. Follicular density significantly decreased in all treatments in comparison with fresh control. We observed high fibrosis in both fresh transplant and vitrified transplant. The mRNA expression of caspase 3 was lower in both fresh transplant and vitrified transplant in comparison with vitrified control. In conclusion, xenotransplantation is an excellent strategy to maintain normal preantral follicle morphology after vitrification/warming of goat ovarian tissue. Yet, in order to ensure the survival and development of these follicles, it is essential to improve the revascularization of the graft.
Syndepositional precipitation of calcium sulfate in Gale Crater, Mars
Authors: Kah Linda C. , Stack Kathryn M. , Eigenbrode Jennifer L. , Yingst R. Aileen , Edgett Kenneth S. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractLacustrine sedimentary rocks of the Murray formation, Gale Crater, Mars, contain evidence for early diagenetic mineral precipitation. High‐resolution MAHLI images permit detailed morphological and spatial analysis of these features. Millimetre‐scale lenticular features occur in massive to well‐laminated mudstone and are interpreted as pseudomorphs after gypsum. The distribution and orientation of lenticular features indicate deposition at or near the sediment–water or sediment–air interface, and the lenticular form suggests crystallization in the presence of organic constituents. Original crystals were likely poikilotopic (i.e., incorporating elements of the matrix), and the original mineralogy was lost during later diagenetic fluid flow. Evidence for lenticular gypsum imaged in Gale Crater, along with earlier observations of potential early diagenetic evaporite precipitation made by the Opportunity rover, indicate that deposition of evaporitic sulfate minerals may have been widespread on early Mars.
Liver transplantation for Hepatitis‐B‐associated liver disease ‐ Three decades of experience
Authors: Teegen Eva Maria , Maurer Max Magnus , Globke Brigitta , Pratschke Johann , Eurich Dennis 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundHepatitis B (HBV)‐associated end‐stage liver disease used to be a relevant indication for liver transplantation (LT). After transplantation, HBV‐reinfection remains a serious issue. Different strategies to prevent HBV‐reinfection range from the single application of immunoglobulins (HBIG), to the use of modern nucleoside/nucleotide analogues (NUC) in combination with HBIG, followed by HBIG‐discontinuation. The aim of this analysis was to compare different strategies and to sum up the results of 30 years at a high‐volume transplant center and deliver additional information on the histopathological level.MethodsData of 372 liver transplantations performed for the HBV‐induced liver disease in 352 patients were extracted from a prospectively organized database. HBV‐reinfection was determined in the entire cohort, according to the mode of HBV‐prophylaxis. Differences in survival rates were analyzed in patients with successful prophylaxis, untreated and controlled HBV‐reinfection. Histopathological results were obtained from protocol biopsies in 151 patients.ResultsHBV‐reinfection was significantly associated with the type of prophylaxis, presence of HBs‐Antigen at the moment of LT, transplant year and influencing the overall survival before 2005. After the introduction of modern NUCs, HBV‐reinfection stopped to impact HBV‐associated transplant loss and survival. Controlled HBV‐infection prevents from HBV‐associated transplant hepatitis and fibrosis development. The role of HBIG declines in favor of NUCs.ConclusionsUncontrolled HBV‐reinfection does not occur any more. Even in the presence of Hbs‐antigen, transplant fibrosis does not develop. The most reliable mode to prevent HBV‐recurrence remains the combination of NUCs with a high genetic barrier and HBIG. However, HBIG can safely be discontinued after LT.
Suppression of Arabidopsis GGLT1 affects growth by reducing the L‐galactose content and borate cross‐linking of rhamnogalacturonan‐II
Authors: Sechet Julien , Htwe Soe , Urbanowicz Breeanna , Agyeman Abigail , Feng Wei , Ishikawa Toshiki , Colomes Marianne , Kumar Kavitha Satish , Kawai‐Yamada Maki , Dinneny José R. , O'Neill Malcolm A. , Mortimer Jenny C. 
Published: September 2018

SummaryBoron is a micronutrient that is required for the normal growth and development of vascular plants, but its precise functions remain a subject of debate. One established role for boron is in the cell wall where it forms a diester cross‐link between two monomers of the low‐abundance pectic polysaccharide rhamnogalacturonan‐II (RG‐II). The inability of RG‐II to properly assemble into a dimer results in the formation of cell walls with abnormal biochemical and biomechanical properties and has a severe impact on plant productivity. Here we describe the effects on RG‐II structure and cross‐linking and on the growth of plants in which the expression of a GDP‐sugar transporter (GONST3/GGLT1) has been reduced. In the GGLT1‐silenced plants the amount of L‐galactose in side‐chain A of RG‐II is reduced by up to 50%. This leads to a reduction in the extent of RG‐II cross‐linking in the cell walls as well as a reduction in the stability of the dimer in the presence of calcium chelators. The silenced plants have a dwarf phenotype, which is rescued by growth in the presence of increased amounts of boric acid. Similar to the mur1 mutant, which also disrupts RG‐II cross‐linking, GGLT1‐silenced plants display a loss of cell wall integrity under salt stress. We conclude that GGLT1 is probably the primary Golgi GDP‐L‐galactose transporter, and provides GDP‐L‐galactose for RG‐II biosynthesis. We propose that the L‐galactose residue is critical for RG‐II dimerization and for the stability of the borate cross‐link.
Current practices for viability testing of cryopreserved cord blood products: an international survey by the cellular therapy team of the Biomedical Excellence for Safer Transfusion (BEST) Collaborative
Authors: Takanashi Minoko , Selogie Eileen , Reems Jo‐Anna , Stroncek David , Fontaine Magali J. , Girdlestone John , Garritsen Henk S. P. , Young Pampee , McKenna David H. , Szczepiorkowski Zbigniew M. ,   for the Biomedical Excellence for Safer Transfusion (BEST) Collaborative
Published: September 2018

BACKGROUNDViability testing is a common practice in laboratories. The goal of this study was to ascertain current laboratory practices internationally for performing viability testing for cryopreserved cord blood (CB) products and glean information about how to standardize the method to improve interlaboratory reproducibility.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSA survey to evaluate current laboratory practices for viability testing was designed and distributed internationally. The question topics included sampling and testing methods, responses to unexpected results, and the rating of the reliability of the CB quality tests, together with expectations for standardization.RESULTSThere were 32 respondents to the survey, of whom 28 responded to the more detailed questionnaire about viability methods. Overall, responses indicated that various stains were used among the laboratories, and when multiple sites used the same viability stain the methods differed. The majority of the respondents were in favor of standardizing the viability testing methods. A wide variety of preferences were communicated about how to standardize the method, but a majority did advocate the use of 7‐aminoactinomycin D (7‐AAD) with flow cytometry.CONCLUSIONSThe survey results revealed a variety of tests and inconsistent interlaboratory practices for performing the viability assay. Flow cytometry with a 7‐AAD dye was suggested as a first step toward standardization.
Determining the Relationship Between Internal Load Markers and Noncontact Injuries in Young Elite Soccer Players
Authors: Raya-González Javier , Nakamura Fabio Yuzo , Castillo Daniel , Yanci Javier , Fanchini Maurizio 
Published: September 2018

Purpose: To examine the association and predictive ability of internal load markers with regard to noncontact injuries in young elite soccer players. Methods: Twenty-two soccer players (18.6 [0.6] y) who competed in the Spanish U19 League participated in the study. During a full season, noncontact injuries were recorded and, using session rating of perceived exertion, internal weekly load (sum of load of all training sessions and matches for each week) and acute:chronic workload ratio (typically, acute = current week and chronic = rolling 4-wk average) were calculated. A generalized estimating equation analysis was used to examine the association of weekly and acute:chronic load-ratio markers with a noncontact injury in the subsequent week. Load variables were also analyzed for predictive ability with receiver operating characteristic curve and area under the curve. Results: No association was found for weekly load (odds ratio = 1.00; 90% confidence interval, 0.99–1.00) and acute:chronic load ratio (odds ratio = 0.16; 90% confidence interval, 0.01–1.84) with respect to injury occurrence. In addition, the analyzed load markers showed poor ability to predict injury occurrence (area under the curve < .50). Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that internal load markers are not associated with noncontact injuries in young soccer players and present poor predictive capacity with regard to the latter.
Neighbourhood deprivation and lung cancer risk: a nested case–control study in the USA
Authors: Sanderson Maureen , Aldrich Melinda C , Levine Robert S , Kilbourne Barbara , Cai Qiuyin , Blot William J 
Published: September 2018

ObjectivesTo examine the association between neighbourhood deprivation and lung cancer risk.DesignNested case–control study.SettingSouthern Community Cohort Study of persons residing in 12 states in the southeastern USA.Participants1334 cases of lung cancer and 5315 controls.Primary outcome measureRisk of lung cancer.ResultsAfter adjustment for smoking status and other confounders, and additional adjustment for individual-level measures of socioeconomic status (SES), there was no monotonic increase in risk with worsening deprivation score overall or within sex and race groups. There was an increase among current and shorter term former smokers (p=0.04) but not among never and longer term former smokers. There was evidence of statistically significant interaction by sex among whites, but not blacks, in which the effect of worsening deprivation on lung cancer existed in males but not in females.ConclusionsArea-level measures of SES were associated with lung cancer risk in current and shorter term former smokers only in this population.
Optimal duration of prone positioning in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-regression analysis
Authors: Kamo Tetsuro , Aoki Yoshitaka , Fukuda Tatsuma , Kurahashi Kiyoyasu , Yasuda Hideto , Sanui Masamitsu , Nango Eishu , Abe Takayuki , Lefor Alan Kawarai , Hashimoto Satoru 
Published: September 2018

IntroductionSeveral systematic reviews and meta-analyses have demonstrated that prolonged (≥16 hours) prone positioning can reduce the mortality associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). However, the effectiveness and optimal duration of prone positioning was not fully evaluated. To fill these gaps, we will first investigate the effectiveness of prone positioning compared with the conventional management of patients with ARDS, regarding outcomes using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system. Second, if statistical heterogeneity in effectiveness with regard to short-term mortality (intensive care unit death or ≤30-day mortality) is shown, we will conduct a meta-regression analysis to explore the association between duration and effectiveness, and determine the optimal duration of prone positioning.Method and analysisRelevant studies are collected using PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and the WHO International Clinical Trials Platform Search Portal. Randomised controlled trials comparing prone and supine positioning in adults with ARDS will be included in the meta-analysis. Two independent investigators will screen trials obtained by search eligibility and extract data from selected studies to standardised data recording forms. For each selected trial, the risk of bias and quality of evidence will be evaluated using the GRADE system. Meta-regression analyses will be performed to identify the most important factors associated with short-term mortality, and subgroup analysis will be used to analyse the following: duration of mechanical ventilation in the prone position per day, patient severity, tidal volume and cause of ARDS. If heterogeneity or inconsistency among the studies is detected, subgroup analysis will be conducted on factors that may cause heterogeneity.Ethics and disseminationThis study requires no ethical approval. The results obtained from this systematic review and meta-analysis will be disseminated through international conference presentations and publication in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42017078340.
Do statins improve outcomes for patients with non-small cell lung cancer? A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Authors: Li Feng , Liu Guangyu , Roudi Raheleh , Huang Qi , Swierzy Marc , Ismail Mahmoud , Zhao Song , Rueckert Jens-Carsten 
Published: September 2018

IntroductionLung cancer is the most common neoplasm and the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), accounting for 85% of all lung cancer cases, is frequently diagnosed at an advanced and metastatic stage. In addition, survival of patients with NSCLC has not improved significantly over the recent decades. Statins are used as a cholesterol-lowering agent, but recently preclinical and clinical studies have revealed their anticancer effects. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis aims to clarify whether statins improve the prognosis of patients with NSCLC.Methods and analysisWe will search MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, Web of Science, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and ClinicalTrials.gov with no restriction on language. Both randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and observational cohort studies evaluating the prognostic role of statins in patients with NSCLC will be included. The primary outcome will be overall survival, and the secondary outcomes will include cancer-specific survival, disease-free survival and cancer recurrence. Two assessors will assess the RCTs using the Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias tool and the observational cohort studies according to ROBINS-I. Publication bias will be assessed by funnel plot using the STATA software v.13.1.Ethics and disseminationNo ethical issues are predicted. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to describe the prognostic effects of statins in patients with NSCLC, which would help clinicians to optimise treatment for patients with NSCLC. These findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at national and international conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42016047524.
A mixed-methods study to explore opinions of research translation held by researchers working in a Centre of Research Excellence in Australia
Authors: Lynch Elizabeth A , Ramanathan Shanthi A , Middleton Sandy , Bernhardt Julie , Nilsson Michael , Cadilhac Dominique A 
Published: September 2018

ObjectiveThere is a growing need for researchers to demonstrate impact, which is reliant on successful research translation. The Australian National Health and Medical Research Council funded a Centre of Research Excellence in Stroke Rehabilitation and Brain Recovery (CRE-Stroke) to enhance collaborations between researchers conducting different types of stroke rehabilitation research. The purpose of this study was to explore opinions about research translation held by CRE-Stroke researchers conducting preclinical and clinical research, in terms of scope, importance, responsibility and perceived skills and knowledge.DesignMixed-methods study, comprising a paper-based survey and semistructured interviews. Interview data were inductively coded and thematically analysed. Survey and interview data were compared and synthesised.Participants55 (7 preclinical, 48 clinical) researchers attending a CRE-Stroke research forum completed a paper-based survey. Semistructured interviews with 22 CRE-Stroke (5 preclinical, 17 clinical) researchers were conducted.ResultsResearch translation was described as translating to other research and translating to clinical practice and policy. Most researchers (n=54, 98%) reported that research translation was important, particularly in terms of generating research impact, but the most common sign of project completion reported by researchers (n=7, 100% preclinical; n=37, 77% clinical) was publication. Most researchers (preclinical n=4, 57%; clinical n=37, 77%) reported having responsibility for translating research, but less than half reported having the necessary skills (n=1, 14% preclinical; n=17, 35% clinical) and knowledge (n=3, 43% preclinical; n=19, 40% clinical). Differing opinions about who should be responsible for translating findings to clinical practice were expressed.ConclusionsStroke rehabilitation researchers appear confident to translate their research via the traditional mechanism of publications. To optimise impact, clarity is needed regarding who is best placed to translate research findings to clinical practice and policy. Education and skills development to apply broader translation processes are needed to maximise the use of research at all stages.
Can occupational therapist-led home environmental assessment prevent falls in older people? A modified cohort randomised controlled trial protocol
Authors: Cockayne Sarah , Pighills Alison , Adamson Joy , Fairhurst Caroline , Drummond Avril , Hewitt Catherine , Rodgers Sara , Ronaldson Sarah J , Lamb Sarah E , Crossland Shelley , Boyes Sophie , Gilbody Simon , Relton Clare , Torgerson David J 
Published: September 2018

IntroductionFalls and fall-related injuries are a serious cause of morbidity and cost to society. Environmental hazards are implicated as a major contributor to falls among older people. A recent Cochrane review found an environmental assessment, undertaken by an occupational therapist, to be an effective approach to reducing falls. However, none of the trials included a cost-effectiveness evaluation in the UK setting. This protocol describes a large multicentre trial investigating the clinical and cost-effectiveness of environmental assessment and modification within the home with the aim of preventing falls in older people.Methods and analysisA two-arm, modified cohort randomised controlled trial, conducted within England, with 1299 community-dwelling participants aged 65 years and above, who are at an increased risk of falls. Participants will be randomised 2:1 to receive either usual care or home assessment and modification. The primary outcome is rate of falls (falls/person/time) over 12 months assessed by monthly patient self-report falls calendars. Secondary self-reported outcome measures include: the proportion of single and multiple fallers, time to first fall over a 12-month period, quality of life (EuroQoL EQ-5D-5L) and health service utilisation at 4, 8 and 12 months. A nested qualitative study will examine the feasibility of providing the intervention and explore barriers, facilitators, workload implications and readiness to employ these interventions into routine practice. An economic evaluation will assess value for money in terms of cost per fall averted.Ethics and disseminationThis study protocol (including the original application and subsequent amendments) received a favourable ethical opinion from National Health Service West of Scotland REC 3. The trial results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and at conference presentations. A summary of the findings will be sent to participants.Trial registration numberISRCTN22202133; Pre-results.
The Pain Divide: a cross-sectional analysis of chronic pain prevalence, pain intensity and opioid utilisation in England
Authors: Todd Adam , Akhter Nasima , Cairns Joanne-Marie , Kasim Adetayo , Walton Nick , Ellison Amanda , Chazot Paul , Eldabe Sam , Bambra Clare 
Published: September 2018

ObjectivesOur central research question was, in England, are geographical inequalities in opioid use driven by health need (pain)? To answer this question, our study examined: (1) if there are regional inequalities in rates of chronic pain prevalence, pain intensity and opioid utilisation in England; (2) if opioid use and chronic pain are associated after adjusting for individual-level and area-level confounders.DesignCross-sectional study design using data from the Health Survey for England 2011.SettingEngland.Primary and secondary outcome measuresChronic pain prevalence, pain intensity and opioid utilisation.ParticipantsParticipant data relating to chronic pain prevalence, pain intensity and opioid usage data were obtained at local authority level from the Health Survey for England 2011; in total, 5711 respondents were included in our analysis.MethodsRegional and local authority data were mapped, and a generalised linear model was then used to explore the relationships between the data. The model was adjusted to account for area-level and individual-level variables.ResultsThere were geographical variations in chronic pain prevalence, pain intensity and opioid utilisation across the English regions—with evidence of a ‘pain divide’ between the North and the South, whereby people in the North of England more likely to have ‘severely limiting’ or ‘moderately limiting’ chronic pain. The intensity of chronic pain was significantly and positively associated with the use of opioid analgesics.ConclusionsThere are geographical differences in chronic pain prevalence, pain intensity and opioid utilisation across England—with evidence of a ‘pain divide’. Given the public health concerns associated with the long-term use of opioid analgesics—and their questionable activity in the management of chronic pain—more guidance is needed to support prescribers in the management of chronic pain, so the initiation of opioids can be avoided.