bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INFRA PETITA PUTUSAN PENGADILAN TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI YANG MENEROBOS KETENTUAN PEMIDANAAN MINIMUM
Authors: Anshar Anshar , Suwito Suwito 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRAKPenanganan perkara tindak pidana korupsi menganut sistem pemidanaan minimum bagi pelaku yang diputus bersalah oleh pengadilan. Istilah ketentuan pidana minimum khusus secara normatif diatur dalam Pasal 2 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 1999, sebagaimana telah diubah menjadi Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2001 tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi. Pada tataran praktiknya terdapat fenomena adanya putusan pengadilan yang menerobos sistem pemidanaan minimum yang dianut tersebut. Salah satu contoh putusan pengadilan yang ditelaah dalam tulisan ini adalah Putusan Nomor 2399 K/PID.SUS/2010. Permasalahan yang timbul adalah apa saja yang menjadi landasan infra petita hakim dalam menjatuhkan putusan yang menerobos ketentuan pemidanaan minimum dalam perkara tindak pidana korupsi tersebut. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan undang-undang. Penulis berkesimpulan bahwa putusan pengadilan tindak pidana korupsi yang menerobos ketentuan pemidanaan minimum dalam Undang-Undang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi pada dasarnya diperbolehkan. Sepanjang putusan hakim yang infra petita tersebut memiliki esensi ratio legis yang kuat dan dapat dipertanggungjawabkan, atas dasar alasan pertimbangan nilai keadilan dan pertimbangan judex factie sebagaimana pada perkara a quo.Kata kunci: putusan, korupsi, pemidanaan minimum. ABSTRACT In the handling of a corruption case, mandatory minimum penalty is adopted in the criminal justice system for the offender who was found guilty by the court. The term ‘mandatory minimum penalty’ is normatively regulated in Article 2 paragraph (1) of Law Number 31 of 1999, as amended to Law Number 20 of 2001 concerning Corruption Eradication. In practice there is a phenomenon of a court decision breaching the adopted mandatory minimum penalty. One example of a court decision analyzed hereon is the Decision Number 2399 K/PID.SUS/2010. The arising problem is what the consideration of the judge is for infra petita in imposing decision which breached the mandatory minimum penalty provision in that corruption case. This research uses normative legal research method with legislation approach. It can be concluded that it is basically permissible in the corruption court’s decision to breach the minimum penalty provisions as stipulated in the Corruption Eradication Law. Provided that the judge’s decision of infra petita, is based on strong legislation ratio and can be accounted for, on the basis of justice value and judex factie considerations as in the a quo case. Keywords: court decision, corruption, minimum penalty.
INTERPRETASI ‘KURANG LENGKAP’ BERKAS PENYELIDIKAN DALAM PERKARA DUGAAN PELANGGARAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA BERAT
Authors: Christianto Hwian 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRAKPutusan Nomor 75/PUU-XIII/2015 atas permohonan pengujian Pasal 20 ayat (3) Undang-Undang Pengadilan Hak Asasi Manusia, memiliki aspek menarik terkait kepastian hukum dan keadilan. Pemohon menilai keberadaan istilah ‘berkas kurang lengkap’ dalam ketentuan a quo memberikan ketidakadilan karena tidak memberikan kepastian hukum. Sebaliknya, penyidik, dalam hal ini Jaksa Agung justu menganggap keberadaan rumusan tersebut memberikan kepastian hukum sekaligus keadilan yang dibutuhkan oleh pencari keadilan maupun masyarakat. Penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian studi kasus yang mendasarkan dokumen Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi sebagai bahan hukum primer, dibandingkan dengan bahan hukum sekunder berupa teori hukum pidana dan hak asasi manusia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Putusan Nomor 75/PUU-XIII/2015 memberikan pertimbangan, bahwa pengaturan tersebut tetap konstitusional. Perbedaan pemahaman ini menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan berkas penyelidikan yang ‘kurang lengkap’ dapat dimungkinkan. Hal tersebut dianggap sebagai kondisi praktis penegakan hukum yang menekankan kehati-hatian dan persamaan di hadapan hukum.Kata kunci: berkas perkara, asas hukum acara pidana, constitutional rights, putusan hakim. ABSTRACTConstitutional Court Decision Number 75/PUUXIII/2015 on the request for a judicial review of Article 20 paragraph (3) of Law on Human Rights Court has an interesting aspect related to the rule of law and justice. The Petitioner considered that the term ‘incomplete file’ in the quo provision raises a sense of injustice because it cannot bring legal certainty. Instead, the investigator, in this case the Attorney General considers the formulation can actually provide legal certainty as well as sense of justice needed by the justice seekers and the community. This analysis uses case study research method based on the document of Constitutional Court Decision as the primary law material compared with secondary law material in the form of criminal law theory and human rights. The results of the analysis show that the Constitutional Court Decision Number 75/PUU-XIII/2015 considers that the arrangement is still constitutional. This distinction of understanding suggests that ‘case file incomplete’ may be possible. It is regarded as the practical conditions of law enforcement that emphasize prudence and equality before the law.Keywords: case file, principles of criminal procedure law, constitutional rights, judge’s decision.
PENGARUH PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI, UKURAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH, DAN PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH TERHADAP KELEMAHAN SISTEM PENGENDALIAN INTERN (Studi Pada Pemerintah Kabupaten/Kota di Indonesia)
Authors: Majid Abdul 
Published: September 2018

The purposed of the study was to test the influence of economic growth, the local size government and local revenue to internal control system weakness of local government.The thesis is associative research. The population in this thesis are all regency / city in Indonesia and the scope of the discussion was about the influence of economic growth, the local size goverment, and local revenues, in cases of weakness of internal control systems in 2013. The samples were determined by using purposive sampling by total amount of the datas were 229, the total samples obtained 146 districts and cities in Indonesia by Slovin sampling formula. Data obtained through the Result of BPK’s Summary In 2014, The APBD’s Realization Statement, Balance Sheet Regions obtained from the website of the Directorate General of Fiscal Balance, the Finance Ministry of Republic Indonesia and APBD’s Realization Statement which was obtained from Respective of Regional Revenue each district/city government and the regional balance provided report of the asset which was a measure of local governments and economic growth through the BPS’s data. The results of this study showed the economic growth was positive influance in internal control system weakness, local size governments was negative influance in internal control syistem weakness, and the local revenues was positive influance in internal control system weakness but its unsignificant.Keywords : internal control system weakness, economic growth, local size government, and local revenues.
PENGARUH PERTUMBUHAN PERUSAHAAN DAN STRUKTUR MODAL PADA NILAI PERUSAHAAN DENGAN PROFITABILITAS SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING (STUDI PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE 2011-2015)
Authors: Gamaputri Sayida 
Published: September 2018

This research is aimed at analyzing the effect of company growth, capital structure, and profitability on the value of the company. The object of this research is manufacture companies registered in Indonesian Stock Exchange in 2011-2015. The sample of this research is selected through purposive sampling. There are 21 companies of 146 manufacture companies selected as the samples. The data were analyzed with path analysis. The research showed that company growth did not have significant direct effect on the value of company, while the capital structure and profitability had significant effect on the value of the company. Company growth and capital structure did not have significant effect on the value of company through profitability. Company growth had negative effect on profitability while profitability had positive effect on the value of the company. Profitability is not able to be the intervening variable.Keywords : company growth, capital structure, profitability, and value of the company.
Convert 2D shapes in to 3D images
Authors: Falah .K Rasha , Mohammed .H Rafeef 
Published: September 2018

There are several complex programs that using for convert 2D images to 3D models with difficult techniques. In this paper ,it will be introduce a useful technique and using simple Possibilities and language for converting 2D to 3D images. The technique would be used; a three-dimensional projection using three images for the same shape and display three dimensional image from different side and to implement the particular work, visual programming with 3Dtruevision engine would be used, where its given acceptable result with shorting time. And it could be used in the field of engineering drawing.
B-C^* algebra Metric Space and Some Results Fixed point Theorems
Authors: F. AL-Mayahi Noori , H. Hadi Sarim 
Published: September 2018

On the aim and properties of - algebra, in this paper we introduce the two concepts algebra and algebra metric space as well as introduce concept convergent and Cauchy sequence in space and to study the existence of fixed point theorems with contraction condition and algebra expansion on this space.
Integration of the Al-Tememe Transformation To find the Inverse of Transformation And Solving Some LODEs With (I.C)
Authors: Hassan Mohammed Ali , Saleh Hadi Alaa , Nadem Rasoul Hassan 
Published: September 2018

Our aim in this paper is to find the integration of Al-Tememe transformation to help us in finding ( for some functions without using of partition method and solve linear ordinary differential equations (LODEs) with variable coefficients by using (I.C) .
Mushroom Diagnosis Assistance System Based on Machine Learning by Using Mobile Devices
Authors: Shadeed Al-Mejibli Intisar , Hamed Abd Dhafar 
Published: September 2018

Picking the wild mushrooms from the wild and forests for food purpose or for fun has become a public issue within the last years because many types of mushrooms are poisonous. Proper determination of mushrooms is one of the key safety issues in picking activities of it, which is widely spread, in countries. This contribution proposes a novel approach to support determination of the mushrooms through using a proposed system with mobile devices. Part of the proposed system is a mobile application that easily used by a user - mushroom picker. Hence, the mushroom type determination process can be performed at any location based on specific attributes of it. The mushroom type determination application runs on Android devices that are widely spread and inexpensive enough to enable wide exploitation by users.
This paper developed Mushroom Diagnosis Assistance System (MDAS) that can be used on a mobile phone. Two classifiers are used which are Naive Bays and Decision Tree to classify the mushroom types. The proposed approach selects the most effective of the already known mushroom attributes, and then specify the mushroom type. The use of specific features in mushroom determination process achieved very accurate results.
Design of Intelligent Agent Based management security system for E-government
Authors: Shaheed Al-Azzawy Dhyaa , Adnan Diwan Sinan 
Published: September 2018

E-Government delivers services into inhabitant electronically, action, and another government existence. This is analogous to document centric approach in traditional service delivery by the government. One of the most crucial factor regarding the reliability of government services is the security factor, which eventually leads to the social acceptance and satisfaction. E-Government is now a day is the response to the rapid development in the information technology especially in the automation of the process of service delivery. The model introduced by this paper is built over the social behavior of entities that shares the knowledge and provides decision-making baselines. Each entity is capturing its own knowledge and crystalize it with other entities within the communities. In this paper JAVA Agents where built to represent the individuals, which are attached to certain interaction points, for example each intelligent agent is attached to a web site representing the source of knowledge and behavior capture. Results proven that the social behavior of the software intelligent agent is a huge potential toward establishing social acceptance due to the smart behavior in collecting information regarding the utilization of the service, Three sites have been built along the implementation of paper to pursue its hypothesis; this is to represent government web sites deliver certain services and over which an intelligent agent is attached to capture the behavior of users and later on broadcast captured knowledge to other agents (i.e., the community is composed of four agents). The knowledge and expertise have been mutually exchanged and the overall knowledge has been proven to be converged toward the maximum experienced Agent.
Anti – fuzzy AT – ideals of AT – algebras
Authors: Tawfeeq Hameed Areej , Hamza Abed Ahmed , Hassan Hadi Baieda 
Published: September 2018

In this paper , we introduce the notion of in , several appropriate examples are provided and theirsome properties are investigated. The image and the inverse imageof in are defined and how the of in become are studied. Moreover, the of are given .
Use of Lumbar Puncture for First Episode of Febrile Seizure among Children 6 Months to 18 Months of Age: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Kayastha Nirajana , Rai Ganesh Kumar , Karki Subhana 
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Febrile seizure accounts for the majority cases of the pediatric seizure. Fever with seizure can be either due to febrile seizure or underlying serious infection as meningitis. As seizure may be the only manifestation of meningitis it is important to rule out meningitis in children presenting with fever and seizure.Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of meningitis among children aged 6 to 18 months presenting with first episode of febrile seizure.Methodology: A prospective observational study was conducted among 94 children with first episode of febrile seizure presenting to the emergency and observation wards of Kanti Childrens' Hospital and subjected to lumbar puncture (LP) as per the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommendations. The proportion of children with meningitis and no meningitis among the study population was determined, clinical characteristics were compared among these groups and the incidence of meningitis in simple febrile seizure and complex febrile seizure was calculated. The collected data was analysed using SPSS.Results: Twenty (21.3%) cases were diagnosed with meningitis among 94 children enrolled in our study. Meningitis was detected in 38.1% of the cases of complex febrile seizure and 7.7% of cases of simple febrile seizure. In the age group 6 to 12 months, 11 (17.4%) had meningitis while in 12 to 18 months of age, 9 (29%) were detected with meningitis. Meningitis was 7.38 times more likely in cases presenting with complex febrile seizure than simple febrile seizure (OR=7.58; 95% CI 2.24-24.4; p<0.001). Regarding the clinical characteristics, vomiting, fever of more than 48 hours duration prior to onset of seizure, impaired consciousness and complex features of seizure were found to be significantly associated with meningitis in our study.Conclusion: The probability of meningitis among children aged 6 to 18 months presenting with first episode of febrile seizure episode is high. In febrile convulsing children less than 18 months of age, meningitis should be considered even in the absence of signs of meningeal irritation. BJHS 2018;3(2)6:399-402.
The Efficacy of External Rotation Method for The Reduction of Acute Anterior Shoulder Dislocation With and Without Greater Tuberosity Fracture
Authors: Gnawali Gopal Prasad , Dhakal Indra , Khatri Kishor , Sharma Shanta 
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Several methods of reduction technique have been described for the anterior dislocation of shoulder but none technique is said to be ideal. The aim of this study was to show the efficacy of external rotation method which could be safe and painless method for the reduction of the acute anterior shoulder dislocation with or without fracture of the greater tuberosity and to search the cause of failure of reduction.Objective: Objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of the external rotation method for reduction of acute anterior shoulder dislocation and to find the cause of failure of reduction.Methodology: All cases of anterior dislocation encountered in emergency department reduced by external rotation method by consultant orthopedic surgeon using basic emergency setting for resuscitation were included in the study. Fifty cases of shoulder dislocation was treated by this method and prospective evaluation done with regard to type of dislocation, the effectiveness of the procedure in achieving reduction, the need for pre-medication, the ease of performing reduction and complication if any.Results: Out of 50 cases, successful reduction was achieved in 42 patients. Premedication was not required in 36 successful reduction. Average time of reduction was 2 minutes in 30 patients and 5 minutes in 8 patients. Four Patients complained severe pain during reduction process. This method was not successful in 8 patients 2 of whom had displaced greater tuberosity fracture.Conclusion: The external rotation method is reliable and safe method for the reduction of acute anterior shoulder dislocation which can be performed relatively with less pain for both subcoracoid and subglenoid dislocation provided there is no displaced fracture of the greater tuberosity. BJHS 2018;3(2)6: 408-412.
Factors Associated with Exclusive Breast Feeding Practices among Mothers of Infant and Young Children in a Primary Health Care Centre, Kathmandu: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Paudel Narayani , Parajuli Puspa 
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Exclusive breast feeding up to first six months of life is the safest and healthiest practice for children all over the world. Various factors may affect to the exclusive breast-feeding though it is necessary for promotion of child's health.Objective: The objective of this study was to identify the factors associated with exclusive breast feeding practices among mothers of infant and young children.Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out at Gokarna Primary Health Care Centre, Kathmandu. Total 137 mothers having at least one child 0-23 months of age, attending to Maternal and Child Health Clinic were purposively selected for the study. Consecutive sampling was done. All the mothers who meet the criteria during the period of data collection (August to September, 2017) were included in the study. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee of Kathmandu Medical College, Kathmandu. Written consent was taken from each respondent and face to face interview technique was used to collect the data using pre-designed structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science 16.0 version. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis.Results: Majority of the respondents (56.9%) had adequate knowledge on exclusive breast feeding, about 54% of the mothers had initiated breast feeding within one hour of delivery and all in all mothers had ever breast fed their child. More than one third (36.5%) of babies were given pre-lacteal fed, around two thirds of babies were breast fed exclusively at least less than one month but only around 40% of the babies had received exclusive breast feeding for six months. Exclusive breast feeding was significantly associated with, normal vaginal delivery, pre-lacteal fed given and having adequate level of knowledge regarding exclusive breast feedingConclusion: On the basis of findings, mode of delivery, pre-lacteal feeding and level of knowledge on exclusive breast feeding were the factors significantly associated with exclusive breast feeding. The practice of exclusive breast feeding for six months of age was not up to the mark. BJHS 2018;3(2)6:413-417.
Determining Relation between Gallstone and Lipid Profile
Authors: Singh Rabin Raj , Adhikari Sunil Chandra , Bastakoti Ravi , Regmi Sunil , Baskota Ravindra , Giri Kshitij 
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Cholelithiasis is presence of stone in gallbladder. Female sex, obesity, pregnancy, fatty foods, all are associated with an increased risk of developing gallstones. There is paucity of information regarding relation of cholelithiasis and lipid profile. In this study the association of serum lipids to cholelithiasis has been tried to been elucidated.Objectives: The general objective was to determine the relation of Serum lipid in cholelithiasis. The specific objectives were to compare the relation between serum cholesterol, serum triglyceride, serum HDL and serum LDL in patients with and without gallstones.Methodology: A prospective, observational, hospital based study was conducted at Koshi Zonal Hospital from March 2017 to February 2018. Fifty four patients having gallstone (Group A) were compared with equal number of patients without gallstone (Group B). Data was entered into SPSS/MS Excel. Statistical Analysis was done by using Chi-square test. A 95% confidence interval was taken, and P value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: In Group A, 61%(33) patients were of age less than 45 years and 91%(49) were female. In group A, 3.7 %(2) and in group B, 7.4%(4) had raised serum cholesterol. Greater number of patient in group A had raised serum triglyclyceride and LDL as compared to group B. 18.5%(10) of group A had low serum HDL, and 9.3% (5) of group B had low serum HDL. Except for finding of gallstone more common in female, other findings had no statistical significance.Conclusion: There exists an inverse correlation between Serum Cholesterol and serum HDL with gallstone and positive association between serum Triglyceride and serum LDL with cholelithiasis. However the association could not reach the statistical significance. BJHS 2018;3(2)6:418-422.