bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fixation of Trochanteric Osteotomies in Laboratory Beagles with Absorbable Screws of Polylactic Acid
Authors: Parchman M. , Krook L. , Vainionpää S. , Mero M. , Rokkanen P. , Törmälä P. , Räihä J. E. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryAn absorbable, biocompatible 4.5 mm screw, with a matrix of polyright-left-isomeric lactic acid of equal amounts of isomers and fibres of poly-left-isomeric lactic acid comprising a self-reinforced structure, was tested for fixation of a trochanteric osteotomy on six laboratory Beagles. The proximal femurs were harvested two months later and embedded in methylmethacrylate for histological, microradiographic, and fluorescence evaluation. Five specimens showed bony union and one trochanter was ununited. The coarse thread configuration and poor torque strength of the screw required exaggerated tapping of the screw hole resulting in a loose fit for the implant. An improved screw could be clinically appealing and a secondary removal operation would then be omitted.To test a totally absorbable polylactic acid screw with good initial in vitro strength values a trochanteric osteotomy was fixed with this implant in six laboratory Beagles. Radiographic, microradiographic, fluorescence and histological evaluations indicated healing in five dogs at two months. Nonunion in one dog was attributed to diastasis between the fragments. The strength and strength retention of the screw were considered adequate, but the poor torsional strength made implantation of the screw tedious.
The Physician’s Task and the Problem of Documentation
Authors: Proppe A. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryCase histories suitable for statistical evaluation can be found even as far back as in the Corpus Hippocraticum. Such simple data as the patient’s age, body weight, size, the date of menarche, etc. are practically always included in the case records, and it is demonstrated that, when such data are recorded in a system of documentation suitable for mechanical sorting, it may enable us to draw conclusions of very great importance. Mechanical registration methods have revealed that, in the determination and recording of data as hitherto carried out. there has been a surprisingly large number of errors and a high degree of unreliability. This view has a considerable influence on modern clinical methods; it renders a more democratic relation between physician and patient necessary and makes clear the need for measures to enhance the reliability of diagnosis and treatment of pathological conditions. The author illustrates this view with reference to the mechanical falsification of the thesis of the proneness of early age groups to lupus vulgaris, furthermore with reference to the mechanical rationalization of modern routine diagnostic methods, to the constant surveillance of adverse effects on public health and to the protection against allergic reactions with the aid of recording systems of personal allergy and intolerance data with mechanical sorting and computer techniques.
Interactive Computer-Video Modules for Health Sciences Education
Authors: McArthur J. , Bolles J. , Fine J. , Kidd P. , Bessis M. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract:Advances in electronic image recording and computer technologyhave resulted in a remarkable increase in the power and flexibility of interactive computer-video teaching systems. The University of Washington Health Science Videodisc Development Group first demonstrated a laser videodisc controlled by a remote central computer in 1980. Even this rudimentary unit highlighted basic medical informatics principles including: rapid accessibility; a “generic” or multi-purposed format; ease of computer control; and large collections of valid, rigorously reviewed images. Advances in medical informatics have led to the development of the following previously undescribed series of teaching units:1. The hypertext programs Hypercard, Linkway, and Guide have been used with videodiscs to develop easy-to-use instructional and reference materials. These materials demonstrate the ease with which a computer-naive instructor may develop new programs and the advantage that the intuitive nature of these programs brings to student users.2. Patient simulations using single and double screens plus pre-defined knowledge structures;3. Interactive single topic tutorials using preset knowledge structures;4. A key-word-based disc searching system;5. Electronic video microscopy;6. A series of programs developed independently by health science faculty who have purchased multi-purpose videodiscs that demonstrate the flexibility of the multi-purpose or “generic”: collection concept.
New Media in Medical Education
Authors: Ackerman M. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract:ln 1984 the American Association of Medical Colleges´ Panel on the General Professional Education of the Physician challenged the medical community to take a leadership position in the effective application of information science and computer technology to medical education. The medical education community has risen to that challenge through the use of microcomputer technology and optical disc media including the recently developed fully integrated Hypermedia environment to enhance the learning environment.
Logic and Diagnosis
Authors: Kayser K. 
Published: March 2018

Among the diagnostic algorithms, the statistic syllogism, the Westmeyer model and the confirmative model are discussed. Three methods to eliminate the logical inconsistencies of the statistical syllogism are shown: 1) Substitution of the inductive probability for the objective probability; 2) Replacement of the unconditional probability by the probability limited to the specific antecedents; 3) Proposing a certain distribution of diagnostic rules.Particularly 2) and 3) are of significance in the construction of a medical thesaurus and point to the separation of identification numbers and search structures. The Westmeyer model can be used to calculate the maximum possible number of diagnoses. The ›static‹ confirmative model can be modified into a dynamic one. This dynamic model allows conclusions regarding. the time-dependence of diagnoses and examination methods.
Reliability of Diagnosis of Partial Union of Scaphoid Waist Fractures on Computed Tomography
Authors: Drijkoningen Tessa , ten Berg Paul , Guitton Thierry , Ring David , Mudgal Chaitanya 
Published: March 2018

AbstractComputed tomography (CT) is increasingly used not just to diagnose union but also to estimate the percentage of the fracture gap that is bridged by healing bone. This study tested the primary null hypothesis that there is no agreement between observers on the extent of union of a scaphoid waist fracture on CT. CT scans of 13 nondisplaced scaphoid waist fractures treated nonoperatively were rated by 145 observers. CT scans were done 10 to 12 weeks after injury. Observers were asked to “eyeball” measure percentage of union. We found that there was a moderate agreement on the categorical degree of partial union of a scaphoid waist fracture on CT (k = 0.34). Agreement on the location of bony bridging was slight (k = 0.31). We concluded that there is limited reliability of diagnosis of partial union of a scaphoid waist fracture on CT and that this should be taken into account in both patient care and research. This is a Level III, diagnostic study.
Extended Hueston Flap: New Solution for Primary Closure
Authors: Brambullo Tito , Dalla Venezia Erica , Vindigni Vincenzo , Bassetto Franco 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThumb tip injuries are very common in hand trauma, and several flaps are available to restore the defect. One of them is the Hueston flap. It is very simple and quick to harvest, but it could lead to donor site problems. The variant “radial extended” of this flap, proposed in this article, allows a primary closure of donor site avoiding making scar on contact areas subject to frequent use. We performed this technique in a clinical case that presented a distal thumb amputation with good aesthetic result and satisfactory function.
Spatial Fluctuation of Regional Myocardial Blood Flows
Authors: Matsumoto T. , Ebata J. , Tsujioka K. , Ogasawara Y. , Kajiya F. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract:Digital radiography (100 pixels/mm2) combined with the technique of 3H-labeled desmethylimipramine deposition was employed to visualize regional blood flow distributions in rabbit left ventricular myocardium. A fluctuated pattern of myocardial flow and its dependence on arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) was evaluated with the coefficient of variation (CV) computed at each step of coarse-graining; flow images were revisualized by increasing pixel area (PA) step by step from 0.01 to 1 mm2. The CV values decreased with hypoxia at all resolution levels, suggesting that there is a vascular regulatory mechanism for making myocardial perfusion uniform in response to decreased PaO2. In both perfusion states, Cl/decreased with increasing PA. The relationship between CV and PA fitted the noninteger power law function, implying an apparent fractality of CV.
Temporal and Spatial Heterogeneity of Blood Supply to the Heart: Visualization and Interpretation
Authors: Kajiya F. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract:Blood flow of the heart muscle (the coronary circulation) exhibits both temporal and spatial heterogeneity. In this paper, the unique blood velocity waveform during a cardiac cycle, the flow fluctuation of a longer period and the within-layer spatial flow heterogeneity of the coronary circulation are described with a reference to the pathogenesis of angina pectoris and myocardial infarction.
Stabilization of traumatic coxofemoral luxation with an extra-capsular suture from the greater trochanter to the origin of the rectus femoris
Authors: Shani J. , Johnston D. E. , Shahar R. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryA wide variety of surgical techniques to stabilize the coxo-femoral joint have been described in the veterinary literature. In this paper twenty small animals (19 dogs and 1 cat) were treated successfully with open reduction and an extra-capsular suture taken between the greater trochanter of the femur and the origin of the rectus femoris muscle. The technique is simple, quick and safe, and avoids many of the potential complications associated with other methods.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Tuberous Sclerosis Manifestations in Children: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Ebrahimi-Fakhari Daniel , Gortner Ludwig , Poryo Martin , Zemlin Michael , Macaya-Ruiz Alfons , Meyer Sascha , Flotats-Bastardas Marina 
Published: March 2018

AbstractTuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a genetic disease with a significant morbidity and mortality. We conducted a retrospective analysis of two cohorts (Vall d'Hebron University Hospital [HVH], Barcelona, Spain, 1982–2015, and at Saarland University Medical Center [UKS], Homburg, Germany, 1998–2015) to assess prevalence and treatment of TSC associated manifestations and to evaluate if the follow-up was in line with published recommendations. This was considered if more than 15% of patients did not receive adequate examination with regard to potential organ involvement. A definite diagnosis was made in 52 patients (96%), and a possible diagnosis was made in 2 patients (4%). Thirty-four (63%) patients were from HVH and 20 (37%) from UKS. Median age at first presentation was 6 months (interquartile range: 0–38 months), and median time of follow-up was 6 years (interquartile range: 2–13 years). Clinical symptoms that led to a diagnosis of TSC were cardiac rhabdomyoma (22/54), epilepsy (20/54), and cutaneous manifestations (4/54). Assessment of neuropsychiatric, renal, and ocular manifestations was inadequate in both hospitals, whereas cutaneous manifestation was inadequate at UKS only. Our data demonstrate insufficient examinations in a substantial number of TSC patients with regard to neuropsychiatric, renal, ocular, and cutaneous manifestations. The recently published guidelines may prove valuable in establishing a more comprehensive approach.
The Practical Impact of Ontologies on Biomedical Informatics
Authors: Zhu X. , Cimino J. J. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryTo examine recent research work in the development and evaluation of controlled biomedical terminologies – especially, the representation of structured, controlled definitional knowledge about the terms themselves; such terminologies are often referred to as “ontologies”.A review of the published literature using PubMed, as well as full-text searches of recent Medinfo and American Medical Informatics Association (AMIA) Symposia proceedings, searching for the terms “ontology” and “ontologies” and for articles discussing specific, prominent ontological work.We summaries the ontologic aspects of twelve current terminology projects: Galen, the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS), the Medical Entities Dictionary (MED), SNOMED-CT, LOINC, the Foundational Model of Anatomy (FMA), the Gene Ontology (GO), ISO Reference Terminology Model for Nursing Diagnosis, NDF-RT, RxNorm, the NCI Thesaurus, and DOLCE+. We discuss the origins, domain, and ontologic representation of each of these and attempt to summarize the impact that each has had on terminologic work and biomedical applications. We also note the contributions of the Protégé tool to many of these efforts.Terminologic research and development have advanced significantly in the past 20 years, especially since the recent orientation toward controlled biomedical ontologies. This work has had significant impact on the development of terminologies themselves, their acceptance and dissemination as standards, and their use in supporting biomedical information systems.
Section 7: Bioinformatics: Bioinformatics and its Impact on Clinical Research Methods
Authors: Lang E. ,   Managing Editor for the IMIA-Yearbook Section on Bioinformatics
Published: March 2018

SummaryTo summarize current excellent research in the field of bioinformatics.Synopsis of the articles selected for the IMIA Yearbook 2006. Results: Current research in the field of bioinformatics clearly shows ongoing unification of experimental findings and clinical outcomes. Microarray data, gene sequences and clinical data are more and more perceived as different but related facets of one entity. Significant work is done in the area of text and data mining in order to bring together patient data and biochemical phenomena by means of ontologies. A strong trend in the clinical field is performance of exhaustive studies on DNA material derived from patients that suffer from diseases that are already known to be inherited. Examination of appropriate methods covers data and text mining, ontologies as well as machine learning and classification.The best paper selection of articles on bioinformatics shows examples of excellent research on methods used for studying inherited diseases and their underlying genetic dispositions. Clinical studies, inclusion of experimental findings like microarray data, and of knowledge representation formats all lead to a better understanding the linkage between gene sequences, biological functions and clinical findings in the form of healthy state or physiological disorders.
Sensor, Signal and Image Informatics
Authors: Aach T. , Witte H. , Lehmann T.M. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryThe number of articles published annually in the fields of biomedical signal and image acquisition and processing is increasing. Based on selected examples, this survey aims at comprehensively demonstrating the recent trends and developments.Four articles are selected for biomedical data acquisition covering topics such as dose saving in CT, C-arm X-ray imaging systems for volume imaging, and the replacement of dose-intensive CTbased diagnostic with harmonic ultrasound imaging. Regarding biomedical signal analysis (BSA), the four selected articles discuss the equivalence of different time-frequency approaches for signal analysis, an application to Cochlea implants, where time-frequency analysis is applied for controlling the replacement system, recent trends for fusion of different modalities, and the role of BSA as part of a brain machine interfaces. To cover the broad spectrum of publications in the field of biomedical image processing, six papers are focused. Important topics are content-based image retrieval in medical applications, automatic classification of tongue photographs from traditional Chinese medicine, brain perfusion analysis in single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), model-based visualization of vascular trees, and virtual surgery, where enhanced visualization and haptic feedback techniques are combined with a sphere-filled model of the organ.The selected papers emphasize the five fields forming the chain of biomedical data processing: (1) data acquisition, (2) data reconstruction and pre-processing, (3) data handling, (4) data analysis, and (5) data visualization. Fields 1 and 2 form the sensor informatics, while fields 2 to 5 form signal or image informatics with respect to the nature of the data considered.Biomedical data acquisition and pre-processing, as well as data handling, analysis and visualization aims at providing reliable tools for decision support that improve the quality of health care. Comprehensive evaluation of the processing methods and their reliable integration in routine applications are future challenges in the field of sensor, signal and image informatics.
Access to Health Information: a Key for Better Health in the Knowledge Society
Authors: Geissbuhler A. 
Published: March 2018

Summary
Objectives To illustrate how access to health information is a key determinant to the strengthening of health and healthcare systems, and highlight related current challenges of the evolving knowledge society.
MethodsReflections on some of the dimensions of access to health information, with a focus on current evolutions of the World-Wide-Web, unresolved issues and research perspectives.
Conclusion Our knowledge society is growing, maturing, and bringing powerful tools that can improve the quality, safety, and efficiency of healthcare processes and help citizens manage their health. However, many obstacles and challenges are still facing us. These include our ability to manage information and knowledge rather than data, produce decision-support tools with contents and ergonomics that effectively change behaviors, orient information users in the ever-growing jungle of the social World-Wide-Web, learn how to make sense and enable knowledge discovery in the huge and increasingly connected biomedical data repositories, and bridge the digital divides that exist within communities and across the world.
A Bio-Medical Informatics Perspective on Human Factors
Authors: Ruch P. ,   Managing Editor for the IMIA Yearbook Section on Human Factors
Published: March 2018

Summary
Objectives To summarize current excellent research in the field of human factors.
MethodsWe provide a synopsis of the articles selected for the IMIA Yearbook 2008, from which we attempt to derive a synthetic overview of the activity and new trends in the field.
Results while the state of the research in the field of human factors is illustrated by a set of fairly heterogeneous studies, it is possible to identify trends. Thus, clearly, the importance of issues related to medical order entry, which also founded human factors studies in medical informatics, still occupies a central role in the field. In parallel, we observe an emerging interest for human factors from the field of bioinformatics, where the mass of data generated by high/ throughput experiments and large-scale genome analysis projects, raises specific processing challenges. Such challenges will have to be addressed to achieve post-genomics era medicine.
Conclusions The best paper selection of articles on human factors shows examples of excellent research on methods concerning original development as well as quality assurance of previously reported studies. The crucial role of preserving interpersonal communication among healthcare staff in computerized working environments is complemented by more original scientific investigations, which demonstrate the needs for computerized applications to transform the biomedical data overflow into more operational clinical knowledge. Altogether these papers support the idea that more elaborated computer tools, likely to combine contextual contents, are needed.
Electronic Health Record Goes Personal World-wide
Authors: Lee PS , Jian WS , Kuo CH , Li YC 
Published: March 2018

Summary
Objective Increasing patient demand for convenient access to their own healthcare data has led to more personal use of the Electronic Health Record (EHR). With “consumer empowerment” being an important issue of EHR, we are seeing a more “patient-centric” approach of EHR from countries around the world. Researchers have reported on issues in EHR sharing including concerns on privacy and security, consumer empowerment, competition among providers, and content standards. This study attempts to analyze prior research and to synthesize comprehensive, empirically-based conceptual models of EHR for personal use.
Methods We use “B2C(2B)” to represent this new behavior of EHR sharing and exchange, with “consumer” in the center stage.
ResultsBased on different information sharing mechanisms, we summarized the “B2C(2B)” behavior into three models, namely, the Inexpensive data media model, the Internet patient portal model and the Personal portable device model. Models each have their own strengths and weaknesses in their ways to share patient data and to address privacy and security concerns.
Conclusion Personal use of EHR under the B2C(2B) model does look promising based on our study. We started to observe a trend that governments around the world are embarking on related projects. With multiple stake-holders involved, we are only beginning to understand the complexity of such undertakings.
Information Systems in Healthcare – State and Steps towards Sustainability
Authors: Lenz R. 
Published: March 2018

Summary
Objectives To identify core challenges and first steps on the way to sustainable information systems in healthcare.
Methods Recent articles on healthcare information technology and related articles from Medical Informatics and Computer Science were reviewed and analyzed. Core challenges that couldn’t be solved over the years are identified.
Results The two core problem areas are process integration, meaning to effectively embed IT-systems into routine workflows, and systems integration, meaning to reduce the effort for interconnecting independently developed IT-components. Standards for systems integration have improved a lot, but their usefulness is limited where system evolution is needed.
Conclusions Sustainable Healthcare Information Systems should be based on system architectures that support system evolution and avoid costly system replacements every five to ten years. Some basic principles for the design of such systems are separation of concerns, loose coupling, deferred systems design, and service oriented architectures.
Health Information Systems New Shifts and Emerging Trends in Health IT Infrastructures
Authors: Bréant C. ,   Section Editor for the IMIA Yearbook Section on Health Information Systems
Published: March 2018

Summary
Objectives Summarize excellent current research in the field of Health Information Systems.
Method Synopsis of the articles selected for the IMIA Yearbook 2009.
ResultsFive papers from international peer reviewed journals have been selected for the section on health information systems. They concentrate on topics such as personal health records, the comparison of IT infrastructures in hospitals from different countries, hospital to hospital IT outsourcing partnership, and the wireless monitoring of patients.
Conclusions The elected articles highlight the new shifts in health information management and challenges faced by hospitals regarding IT infrastructures.