bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of 20 Phthalate Esters in Different Kinds of Food Packaging Materials by GC-MS/MS with Five Internal Standards
Authors: Fan Ji-cai , Jin Quan , He Hua-li , Ren Ren , Wang Shu-ting 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Background: Phthalate esters (PAEs) are a group of chemical compounds widely used as plasticizers to increase the flexibility of plastics that are used in the manufacturing of kitchen utensils and food containers. Objective: In this study, a simple, rapid, and sensitive method for the determination of 20 PAEs in different kinds of food packaging materials has been developed. Methods: Samples injected with five internal standards were extracted with acetonitrile saturated with n-hexane and then detected by GC-MS/MS without a purification step. Results: The standard calibration curves were linear for all analytes over the concentration range of 5–500 μg/L, and the correlation coefficients ranged from 0.9913 to 0.9999. The LODs and LOQs were in the ranges of 1.7–62.5 and 5.5–208.3 μg/kg, respectively. The accuracy of this method was evaluated by measuring the recovery from spiked samples. The recoveries of all 20 phthalates from samples spiked at three different concentrations were measured, and the recovery was in the range of 82.1–110.8% and the relative standard deviation range of recovery result (n = 6) was 0.3–9.7%. Conclusions: The method presented here is simple, rapid, and sensitive and can be applied to large-scale detection of PAEs in plastic materials. Highlights: Instead of only one solvent, acetonitrile saturated with n-hexane was used as the extraction solvent. Samples were pretreated without a purification step. Five internal standards were used for quantitative determination.
Simultaneous Extraction and Determination of Preservatives and Antioxidants in Juice Samples by an Optimized Microextraction Method Using Central Composite Design and Validated with Accuracy Profile
Authors: Tighrine Abderrahmane , Pinto Edgar , Melo Armindo , Ferreira Isabel M P L V O , Mamou Marzouk , Amir Youcef 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Background: Food additives are widely used in industries. Overall, these additives have a beneficial role, but if their concentration exceeds certain limits, they may have an adverse effect on human health. Objective: This study outlines the determination of benzoic acid (BA), sorbic acid (SA), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) in juices using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and HPLC–diode-array detection. Methods: Different parameters that significantly affect the extraction efficiency were optimized. The disperser and extraction solvents were acetone and chloroform, respectively. The other parameters were selected and optimized using two-level (2k) factorial and central composite designs, respectively. A full method validation using an accuracy profile for the total measurement error was carried out. Results: The optimized conditions were 625 μL acetone, 350 μL chloroform, 0.85 g NaCl, and pH 2. The validated method demonstrated good linearity with R2 ≥ 0.99 and good precision with the RSD of repeatability and intermediate precision at 1.97–10.7% and 2.31–11.9%, respectively. The relative recoveries were 96.2–105.4%, and the LODs were around 0.03 μg/mL for all compounds. The analysis of 41 samples revealed that BA and SA were quantified in 25 and 20 samples, respectively. BHA and BHT were not detected. Conclusions: The proposed methodology is an appropriate tool to determine important food additives in juices to ensure their compliance with the food additives legislation. Highlights: The work has demonstrated that the method can be successfully used in the simultaneous determination of four food additives in fruit juices.
Effect of Nursing Education on Optimization of Medication Reconciliation in the Pediatric Emergency Department
Authors: McDonald Danielle , Mansukhani Rupal , Kokotajlo Suzannah , Diaz Frank , Robinson Christine 
Published: June 2018

OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of education on optimizing medication histories in a single-center pediatric emergency department.
METHODS This was a prospective, 2-phase study of 200 patients ages 21 years and younger who presented to the pediatric emergency department in January and February 2017. In phase I of the study, 100 patients were interviewed by both a nurse and a pharmacist. Between phases I and II, the pharmacist educated each nurse and disseminated standardized education materials. In phase II, 100 additional patients were interviewed by both a nurse and a pharmacist. Discrepancies were quantified in both phases of the study. The primary outcome was the distribution of total discrepancies in medications identified. Total discrepancies were defined as a composite of medication name, dose, route, frequency, and time of last dose.
RESULTS A total of 200 medication histories were collected over phases I and II. In phase I (n = 79), the pharmacist identified 185 medications, 88 of which were also identified by the nurse. In phase II (n = 82), the pharmacist identified 180 medications, 95 of which were also identified by the nurse. The distribution of discrepancies per patient and per medication was significantly reduced in regard to dose, route, and frequency documentation.
CONCLUSION Although improvement was observed, barriers beyond a knowledge deficit exist to limit accuracy of medication histories collected by nurses.
Characterization of the Clinical Outcomes With Cefepime in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Knoderer Chad A. , Kaylor David M. , Toth Meghan E. , Malloy Katherine M. , Nichols Kristen R. 
Published: June 2018

OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to characterize clinical outcomes when cefepime was used in a neonatal intensive care population.
METHODS Data were extracted from the medical records of all full-term (40 weeks gestational age) patients up to 2 months of age and preterm patients up to 48 weeks postmenstrual age admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) at a freestanding children's hospital between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2013, who received at least 48 hours of cefepime. The primary outcome measure was a positive clinical response as defined by a normalization of white blood cell count and/or culture clearance.
RESULTS Final analysis included 74 patients. Clinical response was evaluable in 43.2% (32 of 74) of courses. Of these, positive clinical response was observed in 81.3% (26 of 32). Overall patient mortality was 16.2% (12 of 74). Adverse effects (AEs) occurred in 14.9% (11 of 74) of courses.
CONCLUSIONS Cefepime can be used safely with reasonable clinical response in a NICU population, but additional studies are needed to further determine cefepime-associated clinical outcomes.
Smart tourism. Un estudio de mapeo sistemático
Authors: Celdrán-Bernabéu Marco A. , Mazón José-Norberto , Ivars-Baidal Josep A. , Vera-Rebollo José Fernando 
Published: June 2018

<p>El concepto turismo inteligente o “Smart Tourism” se ha convertido en un término de moda ampliamente utilizado por investigadores y profesionales de distintas disciplinas. No obstante, es un concepto que contiene distintos interrogantes que deben ser resueltos para avanzar en el conocimiento científico del tema. Con esta motivación, este artículo contabiliza y categoriza la producción científica asociada, aplicando un estudio de mapeo sistemático, novedoso en el ámbito del turismo. Los resultados obtenidos se combinan para dar respuesta a un conjunto de preguntas de investigación, siguiendo para ello una estrategia o protocolo fundamentado en un proceso sistemático de revisión de la producción científica. </p>
Les organisations en soutien aux démarches de (ré)insertion socioprofessionnelle des personnes en situation d’itinérance : de nouveaux acteurs en relations industrielles au Québec ?
Authors: Hallée Yves , Plamondon Gabrielle 
Published: June 2018

Cet article s’intéresse aux organisations de la société civile (OSC) spécialisées dans le soutien aux démarches de (ré)insertion socioprofessionnelle des personnes en situation d’itinérance (PSI) et aux nouveaux acteurs dans le système de relations industrielles québécois. À partir d’une étude de cas réalisée dans l’Arrondissement Ville-Marie de Montréal, nous avons utilisé les dimensions développées par Bellemare (2000) pour rendre opérationnel le concept d’acteur, les travaux de Heeryet al.(2012) sur les OSC britanniques, ainsi que les résultats issus de nos recherches dans cet arrondissement, pour déterminer si les OSC impliquées dans la (ré)insertion socioprofessionnelle des PSI peuvent être considérées comme de nouveaux acteurs en relations industrielles (RI).Selon les dimensions de l’analyse, il apparaît que nous pouvons considérer les OSC qui sont engagées dans des expériences de (ré)insertion socioprofessionnelle des PSI comme de nouveaux acteurs en RI. En effet, en termes d’implication aux divers niveaux d’analyse des RI, elles interviennent de façon ponctuelle sur les lieux de travail, mais de façon beaucoup plus continue sur les plans organisationnel et institutionnel. Au niveau organisationnel, mentionnons que les OSC sont en lien avec des entreprises par le biais d’un réseau entretenu avec une OSC qui agit à titre d’intermédiaire afin de permettre le déploiement des programmes d’employabilité. Il s’agit d’un mode de fonctionnement en réseau où nous retrouvons de nombreux échanges interorganisationnels permettant d’assurer un continuum de services dans le but de soutenir les individus dans leur trajectoire de retour au travail et de faciliter les transitions des PSI en entreprises.En ce qui a trait au degré de continuité de l’implication des OSC dans le système de RI, nos résultats diffèrent de ceux de Heeryet al. (2012). Nous avons, en effet, constaté une implication soutenue dans les programmes d’employabilité et de pré-employabilité, alors que ces auteurs parlent plutôt d’implication sporadique ou discontinue. Nos résultats montrent, également, des changements au niveau des règles liées aux conditions de travail et dans l’organisation de l’entreprise par la mutualisation de certaines pratiques de GRH, que nous assimilons à une influence des OSC sur le niveau organisationnel. De plus, ces dernières contribuent indirectement à influencer l’environnement social des entreprises grâce à l’action concertée entre OSC et entreprises dans le but d’apporter une solution au problème de concentration de l’itinérance dans le territoire du centre-ville montréalais.
Reproductive biology of the brown smooth-hound shark, Mustelus henlei (Chondrichthyes: Triakidae), off northwestern Mexico based on macroscopic and histological analyses
Authors: Soto-López Katherin , Ochoa-Báez Rosa I , Tovar-Ávila Javier , Galván-Magaña Felipe 
Published: June 2018

The brown smooth-hound shark Mustelus henlei is one of the most abundant species caught by the artisanal elasmobranch fishery off northwestern Mexico. The present study estimates the reproductive parameters for M. henlei using, for the first time, histological analysis and survey data collected from May 2008 to May 2016. Mustelus henlei was reported in the landings from February to November each year (n = 1,469). Total length (TL) varied between 450 and 1,530 mm (average = 753 mm, SD = 111). The sex ratio (male:female) was similar to the 1:1 ratio. Gravid females were caught during April, August, and November. Average fecundity was 9. Length at maturity was 656 mm TL for females and 636 mm TL for males, and length at maternity, estimated for the first time for this species, was 676 mm TL. The first phases of spermatogenesis and oogenesis were identified through histological analysis of gonads from immature individuals. Semen storage was detected in the oviducal gland of females at the terminal zone, whereas in males spermatozeugmata was detected in the seminal vesicles. According to the species reproductive parameters, M. henlei can be categorized as a species of high biological productivity among elasmobranchs and can thus support certain level of fishing pressure off northwestern Mexico if adequate fishing management and regulatory measures are employed. Some of the reproductive parameters that were estimated for this species in the present study were different from those estimated for other stocks from Mexican and United States waters.
Key words: reproduction, length at maturity, length at maternity, semen storage, Mustelus henlei.
GeneExpressScore Signature: a robust prognostic and predictive classifier in gastric cancer
Authors: Zhu Xiaoqiang , Tian Xianglong , Sun Tiantian , Yu Chenyang , Cao Yingying , Yan Tingting , Shen Chaoqin , Lin Yanwei , Fang Jing‐Yuan , Hong Jie , Chen Haoyan 
Published: June 2018

Although several prognostic signatures have been developed for gastric cancer (GC), the utility of these tools is limited in clinical practice due to lack of validation with large and multiple independent cohorts, or lack of a statistical test to determine the robustness of the predictive models. Here, a prognostic signature was constructed using a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression model and a training dataset with 300 GC patients. The signature was verified in three independent datasets with a total of 658 tumors across multiplatforms. A nomogram based on the signature was built to predict disease‐free survival (DFS). Based on the LASSO model, we created a GeneExpressScore signature (GESGC) classifier comprised of eight mRNA. With this classifier patients could be divided into two subgroups with distinctive prognoses [hazard ratio (HR) = 4.00, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.41–6.66, P < 0.0001]. The prognostic value was consistently validated in three independent datasets. Interestingly, the high‐GESGC group was associated with invasion, microsatellite stable/epithelial–mesenchymal transition (MSS/EMT), and genomically stable (GS) subtypes. The predictive accuracy of GESGC also outperformed five previously published signatures. Finally, a well‐performed nomogram integrating the GESGC and four clinicopathological factors was generated to predict 3‐ and 5‐year DFS. In summary, we describe an eight‐mRNA‐based signature, GESGC, as a predictive model for disease progression in GC. The robustness of this signature was validated across patient series, populations, and multiplatform datasets.
Heterogeneous/Homogeneous Mediators for High‐Energy‐Density Lithium–Sulfur Batteries: Progress and Prospects
Authors: Zhang Ze‐Wen , Peng Hong‐Jie , Zhao Meng , Huang Jia‐Qi 
Published: June 2018

AbstractLithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries deliver a high theoretical energy density of 2600 Wh kg−1, and hold great promise to serve as a next‐generation high‐energy‐density battery system. Great progress has been achieved in cathode design to deal with the intrinsic problems of sulfur cathodes, including low conductivity, the dissolution of polysulfide intermediate, and volume fluctuation. However, aiming at the practical applications of Li–S batteries, the weight percentage of sulfur in cathode materials and the overall areal sulfur loading need to be significantly increased, which inevitably complicate the process and cause heavy shuttle effect, slow redox kinetics, and more undesirable reaction pathways. Recently, rationally designing efficient mediators, as well as incorporating them into a working battery, emerges to be a promising method to construct high‐energy‐density Li–S batteries. The influence of mediators on Li–S batteries appears to be the enhancement in redox kinetics and the increase in reaction efficiency. In this feature article, the mechanistic understanding of redox kinetics in Li–S reactions is discussed, and then a comprehensive analysis of the recent advances in both heterogeneous and homogeneous mediator design is provided. A mediator perspective in building high‐energy‐density Li–S batteries is also included.
Atomically Thin Defect‐Rich Fe–Mn–O Hybrid Nanosheets as High Efficient Electrocatalyst for Water Oxidation
Authors: Teng Yuan , Wang Xu‐Dong , Liao Jin‐Feng , Li Wen‐Guang , Chen Hong‐Yan , Dong Yu‐Jie , Kuang Dai‐Bin 
Published: June 2018

AbstractEngineering non‐noble metal–based electrocatalysts with superior water oxidation performance is highly desirable for the production of renewable chemical fuels. Here, an atomically thin low‐crystallinity Fe–Mn–O hybrid nanosheet grown on carbon cloth (Fe–Mn–O NS/CC) is successfully synthetized as an efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalyst. The synthesis strategy involves a facile reflux reaction and subsequent low‐temperature calcination process, and the morphology and composition of hybrid nanosheets can be tailored conveniently. The defect‐rich Fe–Mn–O ultrathin nanosheet with uniform element distribution enables exposure of more catalytic active sites; moreover, the atomic‐scale synergistic action of Mn and Fe oxide contributes to an enhanced intrinsic catalytic activity. Therefore, the optimized Fe–Mn–O hybrid nanosheets, with lateral sizes of about 100–600 nm and ≈1.4 nm in thickness, enable a low onset potential of 1.46 V, low overpotential of 273 mV for current density of 10 mA cm−2, a small Tafel slope of 63.9 mV dec−1, and superior durability, which are superior to that of individual MnO2 and FeOOH electrode, and even outperforming most reported MnO2‐based electrocatalysts.
The Improved Delivery to Breast Cancer Based on a Novel Nanocarrier Modified with High‐Affinity Peptides Discovered by Phage Display
Authors: Zhang Haoran , Guo Zhaoming , He Bing , Dai Wenbing , Zhang Hua , Wang Xueqing , Zhang Qiang 
Published: June 2018

AbstractLigand‐targeted nanosystems have the potential to realize site‐specific tumor therapy and alleviate unwanted side effects of many chemotherapeutic agents, and one of the most key issues seems to be the construction of an effective nanocarrier. Based on different processes of phage display techniques, 38 cell‐binding peptides and 32 cell‐internalizing peptides are discovered. Four of these ligand peptides [FIPFDPMSMRWE (FIP), NASSFPTNSRWA (NAS), GLHTSATNLYLH (GLH), and ALAVAPSRWWNE (ALA), respectively] exhibit high affinity to MCF7 human breast cancer cells. Among them, NAS and ALA are reported for the first time, whose affinities are 20.6 and 76.3 times that of the random peptide control, respectively. Both NAS and ALA modifications to doxorubicin‐loaded lipid nanosytems [LP(DOX)] show stronger tumor inhibition, longer animal survival time, and less body weight loss, compared to unmodified or control peptide modified nanosystems, on an MCF7 tumor‐bearing mouse model. In conclusion, the cell‐binding peptide NAS and cell‐internalizing peptide ALA can be used for ligand‐targeted delivery of antitumor drugs. It seems that the in vivo antitumor effect of these ligand‐targeted nanosystems is closely related to their ligand–cell affinity, but fairly tolerant of the ligand types.
Self‐Support Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering Substrates with the Function of Enriching Analytes
Authors: Liu Dequan , Yang Huan , Chen Xinyu , Ma Yaodong , Liu Qiming , Li Junshuai , He Deyan 
Published: June 2018

AbstractUltrasensitive detection of surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) signals is in high demand in the fields of physical, chemical, biological medicine, and environmental monitoring. Plasmonic noble metal nanocrystals localize electromagnetic field on their surfaces, which can lead to a great increase of Raman intensity of the adsorbed molecules. Herein, self‐supporting Ag nanowire networks with abundance of multiscale gaps as well as with function of enriching analytes are proposed to be simply synthesized to act as an excellent substrate for surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy ultrasensitive detection. By effectively combining the hotspots effect of nanogaps and the enriching effect of gaps, the Raman signal is significantly enhanced by a factor of 6 × 105 and the detection limit of Rhodamine 6G (R6G) can reach 1 × 10−7m. Moreover, The R6G molecules can be adsorbed to these “hot spots,” leading to greatly enhanced Raman signals. This study introduces an effective SERS substrate to achieve ultrasensitive Raman detection in the fields of physical, chemical, biological medicine, and environmental monitoring.
Highly Sensitive Dual Self‐Referencing Temperature Readout from the Mn4+/Ho3+ Binary Luminescence Thermometry Probe
Authors: Sekulić Milica , Đorđević Vesna , Ristić Zoran , Medić Mina , Dramićanin Miroslav D. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe binary luminescence thermometry probe is prepared from Y2O3:Ho3+ and Mg2TiO4:Mn4+ powders. This probe facilitates self‐referencing temperature readouts with excellent repeatability from both emission intensity ratio and excited state lifetimes. The ratio of intensities of Mn4+ deep red emission from 2E, 4T2→4A2 electronic transitions, and Ho3+ green emission from 5F4,5S2 →5I8 electronic transitions provides temperature measurements over the room temperature to 100 °C temperature range with a superior relative sensitivity of 4.6% °C−1 and temperature resolution of 0.1 °C. Over the same temperature range, the temperature readout from the Mn4+ emission lifetime offers measurements with relative sensitivity better than 0.5% °C−1 and better than 0.2 °C in resolution.
A Composite Elastic Conductor with High Dynamic Stability Based on 3D‐Calabash Bunch Conductive Network Structure for Wearable Devices
Authors: Yu Zhe , Shang Jie , Niu Xuhong , Liu Yiwei , Liu Gang , Dhanapal Pravarthana , Zheng Yanan , Yang Huali , Wu Yuanzhao , Zhou Youlin , Wang Yuxin , Tang Daxiu , Li Run‐Wei 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAs an indispensable basic component of wearable devices, the composite elastic conductor is widely used for elastic electrode and elastic wire. The ideal elastic conductor is expected to have high conductivity and stretchability, and maintain the resistance constant during stretching. However, it's difficult for the current composite elastic conductors filling solid conductive materials. Here, a composite elastic conductor filling liquid‐metal alloy is reported. Highly conductive and freely deformable liquid‐metal filler achieves the elastic conductor with excellent conductivity and stretchability (electrical conductivity of 1.34 × 103 S cm−1, sheet resistance of 17.59 mΩ □−1, and breaking elongation of 116.86%). Importantly, the filler forms novel three‐dimensional Calabash Bunch conductive network structure in elastic matrix, which enables the elastic conductor to have excellent dynamic stability during stretching. The relative resistance variation is only 4.305% at 116.86% strain. This variation is 2–5 orders of magnitude smaller than that of the reported composite elastic conductor at the same strain, which is important for wearable devices to remain performances fairly unchanged undergo large deformation. Finally, it served as elastic electrodes of a stretchable capacitive strain sensor and elastic wires of a stretchable earphone respectively to demonstrate its potential in wearable devices.