bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patterns of Restorative Failure among Khat and Shammah Users in Jazan City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Bhandi Shilpa H , Sayed Mohammed E , Bosly Razan A , Hakami Huda A , Mugri Maryam H 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The effect of Khat and Shammah habits, with the parafunctional jaw activities that accompany them, on the integrity of the natural dentition, dental restorations, and prostheses has not yet been investigated. This study is the first attempt to identify the patterns of restorative failure among Khat chewers and Shammah users in Jazan City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Materials and methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in 294 recruits among dental clinics in Jazan City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, from October 1, 2015, to April 30, 2016. The patients were surveyed and examined to identify the type of restorations/prosthesis they had and their failures. Bivariate analysis was conducted to investigate the association of the restorative failure with the demographic variables. General linear model was performed to investigate the association between restorations/prostheses failure and Khat/Shammah use with the controlling factors of age and gender as independent variables.

Results
Khat/Shammah use was statistically significantly associated with restorative failure (p < 0.05) relative to amalgam, composite, crowns, fixed partial dentures, removable partial dentures, and complete dentures. In addition, a significant association of restorative failure was observed with gender, education, and brushing.

Conclusion
Consumption of Khat/Shammah may be attributed as one of the reasons associated with restorative failure among the Saudi population.

How to cite this article
Sayed ME, Bosly RA, Hakami HA, Mugri MH, Bhandi SH. Patterns of Restorative Failure among Khat and Shammah Users in Jazan City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-sectional Survey. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(3):234-240.
Implantable Collamer Lens for Correction of Refractive Errors in Patients with Keratoconus following Collagen Cross-Linking: One Year Follow-up
Authors: Shuber Hassenien Safa 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Objective
The purpose of this study is to assess the predictability, safety, efficacy and stability of correction of refractive errors in patients with keratoconus using Visian implantable collamer lens (ICL) following collagen cross-linking.

Materials and methods
This prospective, non-comparative study evaluated 20 eyes of 14 patients with keratoconus subjected to implantation of intraocular collamer lens at least 1 year following collagen cross-linking and stable refraction. Mean preoperative myopia was −8.43 ± 5.13 Diopters (D) (–3.5 to −20.0D and mean cylinder was −2.19 ± 1.28D (0.0 to −4.5D). The preoperative spherical equivalent (SE) was −9.52 ± 5.33D (–3.75 to −21.25D). During the 12 months follow-up, uncorrected visual acuity, best corrected visual acuity, refraction, intraocular pressure and vaulting are measured.

Results
At 12 months postoperatively, 90% of eye had refractive cylinder of <1.0D with (p = 0.003) and 20 (100%) eyes was within ±0.75D of sphere at 1 year (r2 = 0.99) and (p = 0.0085). The mean postoperative BCVA in decimal was 0.498 ± 0.232, while the mean preoperative BCVA was 0.484 ± 0.285. The safety index at 12 months was 1.02. The mean postoperative UCVA in decimal was 0.498 ± 0.232 and the mean preoperative BCVA is 0.484 ± 0.29 and the efficacy index at 12 months was 1.01.

Conclusion
Implantation of Visian Intraocular collamer lens is predictable, safe and effective way to correct refractive error in patients with keratoconus following collagen cross-linking.

How to cite this article
Shuber HS. Implantable Collamer Lens for Correction of Refractive Errors in Patients with Keratoconus following Collagen Cross-Linking: One Year Follow-up. Int J Kerat Ect Cor Dis 2014;3(1):29-35.
Biomechanics of the Cornea
Authors: Daxer Albert 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this article is to provide an applicable and easy-to-use mathematical model of the biomechanics of the cornea. The new spherical dome model considers not only the heterogeneity of the tunica of the eye and distinguishes structurally between cornea, limbus and sclera. It also implements the structural anisotropy inside the corneal stroma caused by the corneas lamellar structure as well as the asphericity of the corneal shape.

How to cite this article
Daxer A. Biomechanics of the Cornea. Int J Kerat Ect Cor Dis 2014;3(2):57-62.
Wavefront Analysis for Keratoconus
Authors: Castillo Jamyl Habib , Hanna Rana , Berkowitz Eran , Tiosano Beatrice 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTKeratoconus is the most common primary corneal ectasia, involving a thinning of the central cornea, leading to irregular corneal astigmatism. Wavefront analysis is an evolving field in the area of corneal surgery, initially designed for laser refractive treatments, but today is growing in importance and application in the diagnosis and treatment of corneal disorders such as keratoconus. In this article we will review the theoretical background of high order aberrations and the wavefront analysis as a tool for the diagnosis of keratoconus.How to cite this articleCastillo JH, Hanna R, Berkowitz E, Tiosano B. Wavefront Analysis for Keratoconus. Int J Kerat Ect Cor Dis 2014;3(2):76-83.
Surgical Correction of an Inverse Astigmatic Keratotomy following Penetrating Keratoplasty in a Patient with Keratoconus
Authors: Abbondanza Marco , Abbondanza Gabriele 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Astigmatic keratotomy (AK) is a common and safe procedure to correct post-penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) astigmatism in patients affected by keratoconus (KC). We report the case of a post-PKP AK that was performed inversely by mistake in a private practice. A new AK was performed by our practice in order to correct the remarkably high astigmatism (19 D) that was created with the previous inverse procedure. Fourteen months later, astigmatism had decreased by 12.9 D and central corneal thickness had increased by 35 µm.

How to cite this article
Abbondanza M, Abbondanza G. Surgical Correction of an Inverse Astigmatic Keratotomy following Penetrating Keratoplasty in a Patient with Keratoconus. Int J Kerat Ect Cor Dis 2015;4(3):107-109.
Anterior Uveitis after Collagen Cross-linking for Keratoconus
Authors: Rootman David S , Goldich Yakov , Elbaz Uri 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
This report describes a case of severe intraocular inflammation followed after CXL with UVA and riboflavin treatment for progressive keratoconus.

How to cite this article
Goldich Y, Elbaz U, Rootman DS. Anterior Uveitis after Collagen Cross-linking for Keratoconus. Int J Kerat Ect Cor Dis 2015;4(3):110-114.
Corneal Deformation Response with Dynamic Ultra-high-speed Scheimpflug Imaging for Detecting Ectatic Corneas
Authors: Ramos Isaac , Salomão Marcella Q , Correia Fernando F 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose
To test the ability of metrics derived from corneal response to noncontact tonometry (NCT) to distinguish between normal and ectatic cases.

Materials and methods
The prototype of CorVis ST (Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany) was used for assessing corneal biomechanical response using ultra-high-speed 8 mm horizontal Scheimpflug photography, taking 4,330 frames per second during NCT. Patients were stratified based on clinical data, including rotating Scheimpflug corneal tomography (Oculus Pentacam HR). Biomechanical data from one eye randomly selected of 177 patients with normal corneas (N) and from 79 patients with bilateral keratoconus (KC) were investigated. Group forme fruste keratoconus (FFKC) was composed of 20 eyes with normal topographic patterns from cases with ectasia detected in the fellow eye. Group keratoconus suspect (KCS) had 16 eyes from 16 patients with topographic patterns suspicious of KC but documented stability over 3 years and normal tomographic findings. A combination of deformation parameters using linear regression analysis (Prototype Factor 1, pF1) was created by the BrAIn (Brazilian Artificial Intelligence on Corneal Tomography and Biomechanics) study group in order to provide the best possible separation of KC and normals.

Results
Statistical significant differences were found for N × KC for several parameters, including first and second applanation times, deformation amplitude, and maximal concavity radius (Mann–Whitney, p < 0.001). However, the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) were lower than 0.90. The pF1 had AUC of 0.945 (IC 0.909–0.97; sensitivity = 87.3% and specificity = 89.3%). The pF1 had statistically significant differences between the ectatic (KC and FFKC) and nonectatic groups (N and KCS) (p < 0.05, Kruskall–Wallis Test with post hoc Dunn's test).

Conclusion
Corneal deformation response analysis by ultra- high-speed 8 mm horizontal Scheimpflug photography provides relevant data for distinguishing ectatic and nonectatic corneas but cannot be used independently to detect KC. This data may be integrated with corneal tomography data for enhancing sensitivity and specificity for screening ectasia.

How to cite this article
Salomão MQ, Correia FF, Ramos I, Luz A, Ambrósio R Jr. Corneal Deformation Response with Dynamic Ultra-high-speed Scheimpflug Imaging for Detecting Ectatic Corneas. Int J Kerat Ect Cor Dis 2016;5(1):1-5.
Progression in Keratoconus
Authors: Vinciguerra Paolo , Piscopo Raffaele , Camesasca Fabrizio , Vinciguerra Riccardo 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
The study of keratoconus progression was once based upon slitlamp study, keratometry, and placido disk image examination. Today we have a lot of new corneal devices and indexes wich can help the ophthalmologist to make earlier the diagnosis and also to recognize as much is possible a progressive keratoconus. Only a deep knowledge of the meaning of all these indexes and values, together with the ability to interlock one another, increases reliability in the evaluation of Corneal Ectasia. Some pratical instructions are provided to help the early diagnosis of progressive Keratoconus.

How to cite this article
Vinciguerra P, Piscopo R, Camesasca F, Vinciguerra R. Progression in Keratoconus. Int J Kerat Ect Cor Dis 2016;5(1):21-31.
Estimation of Age from Symphyseal Surface of Cadaveric Pubic Bones of Northwest Indian Male Adults
Authors: Singh Harinder , Aggarwal Anjali , Gupta Tulika , Kaur Harjeet , Sahni Daisy , Sodhi Lavina , Chawla Kunal 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Age estimation of dead persons of unknown age and identity from skeletal remains has an important role in legal and forensic investigations. Due to their relatively better ability to withstand the impact of physical forces and agents, the skeletal remains of human mortals provide us with wealth of information in the form of preserved morphological patterns or markings on bones. Out of all bones, morphological features on pubic bones are by far the best indicators. A large-scale study on pubic bones was conducted by a famous anatomist, Todd, in 1920, and since then his method is being followed for the assessment of age.

Materials and methods
Cadaveric pubic bones of 204 Northwest Indian adult males aged 18 to 61 years were taken for the study from the archive collection in museum of anatomy. Sixteen morphological features on the symphyseal surface of pubic bones were noted and arranged in 10 phases according to Todd's (1920) method. Frequency of these features present in each phase was calculated. Linear regression analysis was applied to obtain an equation for estimation of age from a pubic bone of an unknown deceased individual.

Results
It was seen that frequency of most morphological features of the pubic bones in the present study age groups (phases) was 100%, i.e., similar to those in Todd's study. There was a significant correlation (r = 0.9, p < 0.001) between the actual age of the pubic bone and age estimated by linear regression equation. Conclusion: Despite numerous improved methods, Todd's method remains the most useful method for determination of age. Appearance of morphological features on the symphyseal surface of pubic bones in the present study were similar to most phases of Todd's study. Thus, Todd's method can be successfully applied for the estimation of age in Northwest Indian adult male population.

How to cite this article
Sodhi L, Singh H, Sahni D, Gupta T, Aggarwal A, Chawla K, Kaur H. Estimation of Age from Symphyseal Surface of Cadaveric Pubic Bones of Northwest Indian Male Adults. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2016;50(4):176-180.
Fusidic Acid Ointment in Treatment of Recurrent Epistaxis in Children
Authors: Sharma Manoj , Khandelwal Gaurav , Pathak Sunit 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Aim
To establish fusidic acid ointment in the treatment of recurrent epistaxis in children as a local antiseptic.

Materials and methods
It was a retrospective study and a total of 184 pediatric patients’ data were analyzed. Ninety-seven patients were found to be fitting in selection criteria. The time of presentation, number of episodes, treatment received, and follow-ups were noted. Results were confirmed over the phone.

Results
Ninety-five patients had simple bleed and were managed on outpatient treatment with fusidic acid ointment and saline nasal drops, while two required admission and underwent electrocautery of offending vessel. Out of the 95 patients, 10 had initial failure of treatment in the 1st month, but with continued treatment were subsequently treated. Fifteen of these 95 had episodes in the next season. The incidence of bleeding was more in summers than winters in children.

Conclusion
Fusidic acid ointments are safe and effective in the treatment of recurrent epistaxis in children. Clinical significance: The effectivity of fusidic acid in epistaxis has never been studied. This study can establish it as an antiseptic ointment in the treatment of recurrent epistaxis.

How to cite this article
Khandelwal G, Pathak S, Sharma M. Fusidic Acid Ointment in Treatment of Recurrent Epistaxis in Children. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2016;50(4):194-196.
Damage Control Surgery for the Management of Major Obstetric Hemorrhage: Experience from the Fundación Valle Del Lili, Cali, Colombia
Authors: Ordóñez Carlos A , Nieto Albaro J , Carvajal Javier A , Burgos Juan M , Messa Adriana , Forero Angélica M , Casallas José D , Thomas Laura S , Escobar María F 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Objective
The aim of this case series is to describe the experience of implementing damage control resuscitation (DCR) in patients with major obstetric hemorrhage (MOH) between January 2005 and December 2015 in the Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia.

Materials and methods
This is a prospective descriptive study of a case series from 108 patients with MOH who were subjected to DCR. All patients were operated on using a standardized surgical technique in accordance with the institutional protocol.

Results
The median age was 28 years, with a gestational age of 38 weeks. The principal associated diagnosis was severe preeclampsia (in 39% of cases). A total of 96 patients presented massive postpartum hemorrhage, and 75% of these cases presented after a cesarean section. In all patients, normal control of bleeding was achieved, 60% during the first surgical period. The Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation score was 14, with an overall mortality of 6.48%, far below the expected mortality according to the clinical severity of these patients.

Conclusion
This study includes the biggest series of pregnant women with MOH, in a critical condition, in whom DCR was used, during which rapid control of bleeding was achieved, associated with a significantly lower mortality than expected.

How to cite this article
Escobar MF, Carvajal JA, Burgos JM, Messa A, Ordoñez CA, García AF, Granados M, Forero AM, Casallas JD, Thomas LS, Nieto AJ. Damage Control Surgery for the Management of Major Obstetric Hemorrhage: Experience from the Fundación Valle Del Lili, Cali, Colombia. Panam J Trauma Crit Care Emerg Surg 2017;6(1):1-7.
Congenital Scoliosis
Authors: Jasani Vinay 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Congenital scoliosis is a scoliosis that occurs as a result of bony abnormalities that arise between 4 to 16 weeks of gestation. There are genetic and environmental factors involved in etiology. The majority of congenital vertebral anomalies are in the thoracic spine (64%).
The patients often have associated skeletal anomalies and can also be part of a syndrome. Skeletal, cardiac, genitourinary intraspinal abnormalities are most commonly found in association with congenital scoliosis.
The natural history seems to be related to the morphology of the bony the site in the spine, and the patient's age. Congenital scoliosis usually progresses and often requires intervention. The aim of intervention is to achieve a flexible and balanced spine with normal truncal height and space available for lung ratio. Early intervention for scoliosis seems to be instrumental in trying to achieve these goals.

How to cite this article
Jasani V. Congenital Scoliosis. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2017;51(2):95-102.
Retropharyngeal Chordoma: Uncommon Tumor at Uncommon Site
Authors: Khandelwal Niranjan , Vyas Sameer , Prabhakar Anuj , Salunke Praveen 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Retropharyngeal space is a rare site of occurrence of chordomas. We present two cases of retropharyngeal chordoma with their imaging features. A brief review of the chordomas is discussed along with role of imaging in extraosseous chordomas.

How to cite this article
Vyas S, Prabhakar A, Salunke P, Khandelwal N. Retropharyngeal Chordoma: Uncommon Tumor at Uncommon Site. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2017;51(3):137-139.
Review: Fetal Programming of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome by Androgen Excess — Evidence from Experimental, Clinical and Genetic Association Studies
Authors: Xita N , Tsatsoulis A 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Objective
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder of premenopausal women, characterized by hyperandrogenism, polycystic ovaries, and chronic anovulation along with insulin resistance and abdominal obesity as frequent metabolic traits. Although, PCOS manifests clinically during adolescence, emerging data suggest that the natural history of PCOS may originate in intrauterine life.

Evidence Acquisition
Evidence from experimental, clinical, and genetic research supporting the hypothesis for the fetal origins of PCOS has been analyzed.

Evidence Synthesis
Female primates, exposed in utero to androgen excess, exhibit the phenotypic features of PCOS during adult life. Clinical observations also support a potential fetal origin of PCOS. Women with fetal androgen excess disorders, including congenital 21-hydroxylase deficiency and congenital adrenal virilizing tumors, develop features characteristic of PCOS during adulthood despite the normalization of androgen excess after birth. The potential mechanisms of fetal androgen excess leading to a PCOS phenotype in humans are not clearly understood. However, maternal and/or fetal hyperandrogenism can provide a plausible mechanism for fetal programming of PCOS, and this, in part, may be genetically determined. Thus, genetic association studies have indicated that common polymorphic variants of genes determining androgen activity or genes that influence the availability of androgens to target tissues are associated with PCOS and increased androgen levels. These genomic variants may provide the genetic link to prenatal androgenization in human PCOS.

Conclusion
Prenatal androgenization of the female fetus induced by genetic and environmental factors, or the interaction of both, may program differentiating target tissues toward the development of PCOS phenotype in adult life.
Oral Presentation V
Authors: Lee Jandee , Choi Jung Bum , Lee SeulGi , Kim Min Jhi , Kim Tae Hyung , Ban Eun Jeong , Lee Cho Rok , Kang Sang-Wook , Jeong Jong Ju , Nam Kee-Hyun , Chung Woong Youn , Park Cheong Soo 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Some recent guidelines recommend unilateral thyroidectomy for low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) sized > 1 and < 4 cm. The present study was designed to evaluate the proper extent of thyroidectomy for patients who have DTC sized > 1 and < 4 cm.

METHODS
From April 1967 to December 2011, a total of 16,065 DTC patients underwent thyroidectomy at Yonsei University Hospital. Among them, 5,427 (33.7%) patients were classified as having DTC > 1 and < 4 cm and were enrolled in this study. Clinicopathologic features and prognostic results (disease-free and disease-specific survival rates) were analyzed by retrospective medical chart review. The mean follow-up duration was 57.3 ± 58.1 months.

RESULTS
In the subtypes of tumors, papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) was the most common cancer (96.9%) and follicular and poorly differentiated carcinoma comprised 2.7 and 0.1% respectively. The mean tumor size was 1.84 ± 0.74 cm. Patients had extrathyroidal extension (69.3%), multiplicity (35.0%), bilaterality (26.3%), central lymph node metastasis (35.8%), and lateral neck node metastases (20.2%). Of a total of 5,427 patients, 4,353 (80.2%) underwent total thyroidectomy and 1,043 (19.2%) patients underwent less- than-total thyroidectomy. The recurrence rates in total thyroidectomic and less-than-total thyroidectomic groups were 3.9 and 10.0% respectively. The less-than-total thyroidectomic group showed lower disease-free survival (DFS) rate (p= 0.039) and higher disease-specific survival (DSS) (p = 0.035) rate compared with the total thyroidectomic group. In multivariate analysis for DFS, tumor size, N stage, and the extent of thyroidectomy were independent risk factors. In multivariate analysis for DSS, age, gender, tumor size, and N and M stage were independent risk factors.

CONCLUSION
In patients with tumor size > 1 and ≤ 4 cm, total thyroidectomy was beneficial in reducing recurrence. However, our study confirmed that risk factors for DSS were not the extent of thyroidectomy but traditional prognostic factors, such as older age, male sex, large tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis.
New Splint for Orthognathic Surgery
Authors: Shekar SE , Ranganath K , Gunasheela B , Supriya N 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
A case of skeletal class III malocclusion treated by both orthodontics and orthognathic surgery is presented. In this case, body osteotomy has been done so as to maintain the natural integrity of the posterior part of stomatognathic system, including the TMJ. A new splint was designed to position and align the sectioned mandibular segments so as to assist in easy fixation and obtain proper occlusion. The postsurgical orthodontic treatment was minimal and no relapse was observed even after 1 year follow-up.
A 5-Year Follow-up of an Implant Placed in a Patient with Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis
Authors: Praveen J , Dwarakanath CD , Shankar Sidharth , Bai Lakshmi 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
The placement of implants in patients with aggressive periodontitis has always been questioned. The presence of highly pathogenic bacteria, severe periodontal bone destruction and the refractory nature of this disease tends to deter the clinician from placing implants in these patients. With good patient compliance and regular maintenance, the placement of implants in these patients becomes a viable treatment option. The following is a report of an implant placed in one such patient and successfully followed up over a period of 5 years.