bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Age, lifestyle and self‐perceptions of hair: Is there an association with hair diameter and tensile properties?
Authors: Duvel L. , Herbal A. , Daniels L. , Kong R. , Hillebrand G.G. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the association of age, lifestyle habits and the self‐perception of hair condition with the objectively measured physical properties of hair in Caucasian females with brown hair.MethodsHair biophysical properties, lifestyle habits data and self‐perceptions of hair condition were collected on 110 Caucasian females with brown hair ranging in age from 17 to 78. Hair diameter (cross‐sectional area) and tensile properties (elastic modulus, break strength and break extension) were measured at the root end of individual fibres (n = 100/subject) from the crown and frontal regions using objective instrumental methods. Other measures included body mass index (BMI) and Savin female pattern hair loss grades based on judging of standardized front, top and side view head images. Lifestyle habits and practices and self‐perceived hair condition were obtained via a standardized self‐assessment questionnaire.ResultsHair fibre diameter and break extension decreased significantly with age. Hair fibre elastic modulus and Savin hair loss scores increased significantly with age. No age‐related change in hair fibre break stress was observed. A history of smoking or being overweight was significantly associated with having lower hair fibre cross‐sectional area but was not associated with any of the measured tensile properties. Subjects who perceived their hair as fine, thinning or weak had significantly lower cross‐sectional areas than subjects who did not. Subjects who perceived their hair to be healthy or strong had significantly higher cross‐sectional areas than subjects who did not.ConclusionThe biophysical properties of hair change significantly with age. A history of smoking or being overweight was significantly associated with having smaller hair cross‐sectional area but was not associated with differences in hair tensile properties. The self‐perception of having strong or healthy hair seems more associated with having a larger cross‐sectional area than any real differences in hair strength.Abstrait
The Sarbanes‐Oxley act and informed trading in the options market: Evidence from share repurchase announcements
Authors: Badshah Ihsan , Koerniadi Hardjo , Kolari James 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis study examines the informed options trading hypothesis before and after the implementation of the Sarbanes‐Oxley Act (SOX). We find that informed option trading, as measured by implied volatility spreads, occurs only in the period before the enactment of this Act but disappears thereafter. Our results suggest that the SOX had a significant impact on informed trading in U.S. option markets.
The seasonal and monthly distribution of body limbs affected by burns in paediatric patients in southeast Turkey
Authors: Asena Muhammet , Akelma Hakan , Salık Fikret , Karahan Zeki A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractStudies on the frequency of burned limbs according to season and months are limited. The burning of some body limbs, especially in some months, shows that the causes of burns are different, and knowing the reasons is important for providing preventive measures. The aims of this study were to determine the distribution rate of child burns by months and seasons and to contribute to preventive measures by determining the distribution of the burning of body limbs by months. We retrospectively evaluated 419 paediatric patients (0‐17 years of age) who were hospitalised in the burn unit between 1 May 2017 and 1 November 2018. The demographic characteristics of the patients were recorded according to age, gender, months, and seasons of the patients admitted; cause of burns; degree of burns; total body surface area; and burning regions. The distribution of burns by months was established as being mainly in May to October. As for the distribution of the patients according to the seasons, it was found that it was most common in summer, 122 (29.1%), and in the autumn season as well, it was 122 (29.1%). While body burns increased in the summer‐autumn seasons (P < .023), genital area burns were the lowest in winter and were the highest in summer and autumn seasons. Genital site burns increased statistically in September, October, and November (P < .010). Burn traumas are observed to be more frequent in some seasons and months. The environments where individuals live, forms of life, forms of warming, areas of interest, and sociocultural and economic levels are the causes of this variability.
Necrotising fasciitis or pyoderma gangrenosum: A fatal dilemma
Authors: Demirdover Cenk , Geyik Alper , Vayvada Haluk 
Published: August 2019

AbstractNecrotising fasciitis (NF) is mostly a polymicrobial, severe soft tissue infection that progresses rapidly, penetrating through the subcutaneous tissue to the fascial planes and the muscles. The pyoderma gangrenosum (PG), on the other hand, is a rare, rapidly progressive (except for the post‐surgical PG), autoinflammatory ulcerative skin and soft tissue condition. In this study, we tried to emphasise the importance of diagnosing the NF as well as the PG. Although these two clinical presentations have some standard features, awareness of different symptoms in detail affect the outcome. Any surgical discipline can face NF or PG and, therefore, should be aware of them to decrease the mortality rate. Forty‐five patients with NF and PG who were treated between January 2008 and October 2018 were included in the study and evaluated retrospectively for age, sex, localisation, onset of symptoms and diagnosis, predisposing factors, characteristics of tissue defects, laboratory findings, Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotising Fasciitis (LRINEC) scores, isolated microbiological agents, surgical intervention, and mortality rate. Demographic, laboratory, and clinical data were analysed. Among these 45 patients, 14 patients had PG, and 31 patients had NF. The mean age and SD for the NF and PG groups were 50.80 ± 17.67 and 50.78 ± 12.72, respectively. Five patients had rheumatological disorders; four patients had diabetes mellitus (DM) in the PG group. Males had higher risk than females in NF (odds ratio [OR] = 0.077, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.017‐0.34), and females had higher risk in PG (relative risk [RR] = 5). We compared the LRINEC score of NF patients with PG patients. The mean value of this score was 4.53 for PG patients, and 6.06 for NF patients. Fifteen patients (33.3%) had a radiological evaluation. MRI, CT, and USI were used as imaging modalities. Necrotising fasciitis and PG are two distinct entities that are in general difficult to distinguish. Therefore, differential diagnosis and rapid treatment are crucial for lowering the mortality rate.
Crystal structure analysis and high‐temperature phase transitions of complex rare‐earth perovskite, La2(Al1/2MgTa1/2)O6
Authors: Sohn Yoo Jung , Mauer Georg , Roth Georg , Guillon Olivier , Vaßen Robert 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn situ high‐temperature powder X‐ray diffraction analysis (HT‐XRD) was carried out in the temperature range from 25°C‐1430°C to investigate the crystal structure of double perovskites, La2(Al1/2MgTa1/2)O6 (LAMT) and its phase transitions. This complex perovskite is a promising candidate for application in thermal barrier coating systems. Rietveld analysis shows a rock‐salt type ordering of the B‐site cations in the monoclinic space group symmetry, P21/n at room temperature. Upon heating, a structural phase transition occurs at ~855°C, and the crystal structure becomes rhombohedral with the space group symmetry . On further heating, LAMT transforms to the ideal cubic phase at ~1390°C with the space group symmetry . Both of the structural phase transitions are completely reversible, and were confirmed through complementary differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry measurements. With increasing temperature, the degree of the octahedral tilting decreases and the variance of the different B–O bond lengths is reduced, until in the cubic phase, no tilting is present, and almost equal B–O bond lengths are obtained.
Enhanced red photoluminescence in a nanocomposite thin film composed of Bi3.6Eu0.4Ti3O12 and Au‐decorated ZnO nanorods
Authors: Zhang Yu , Su Li , Wang Haojie , Yu Wei 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis paper firstly reports on a series of nanocomposite thin films composed of a ferroelectric Bi3.6Eu0.4Ti3O12 (BET) and Au‐decorated ZnO nanorods (Au‐ZnO), which are prepared by a ultraviolet‐induced hybrid chemical solution method. The effects of Au nanoparticles (NPs) and ZnO nanorods on the significantly red photoluminescence enhancement of Eu3+ ions are investigated. The results indicate that the larger near band edge (NBE) emission of ZnO by the SPR effect of Au NPs can make an energy transfer from ZnO to Eu3+ ions. Simultaneously, the depression of the deep‐level emission of ZnO can improve the monochromaticity in the visible range. Furthermore, the dielectric and ferroelectric properties of the thin films are also enhanced. The findings suggest that the nanocomposite thin films of a ferroelectric BET and Au‐ZnO could be used as a multifunctional material in the ferroelectric optoelectronic devices with bright light emitting.
Identification of rumen microbial biomarkers linked to methane emission in Holstein dairy cows
Authors: Ramayo‐Caldas Yuliaxis , Zingaretti Laura , Popova Milka , Estellé Jordi , Bernard Aurelien , Pons Nicolas , Bellot Pau , Mach Núria , Rau Andrea , Roume Hugo , Perez‐Enciso Miguel , Faverdin Philippe , Edouard Nadège , Ehrlich Dusko , Morgavi Diego P. , Renand Gilles 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMitigation of greenhouse gas emissions is relevant for reducing the environmental impact of ruminant production. In this study, the rumen microbiome from Holstein cows was characterized through a combination of 16S rRNA gene and shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Methane production (CH4) and dry matter intake (DMI) were individually measured over 4–6 weeks to calculate the CH4 yield (CH4y = CH4/DMI) per cow. We implemented a combination of clustering, multivariate and mixed model analyses to identify a set of operational taxonomic unit (OTU) jointly associated with CH4y and the structure of ruminal microbial communities. Three ruminotype clusters (R1, R2 and R3) were identified, and R2 was associated with higher CH4y. The taxonomic composition on R2 had lower abundance of Succinivibrionaceae and Methanosphaera, and higher abundance of Ruminococcaceae, Christensenellaceae and Lachnospiraceae. Metagenomic data confirmed the lower abundance of Succinivibrionaceae and Methanosphaera in R2 and identified genera (Fibrobacter and unclassified Bacteroidales) not highlighted by metataxonomic analysis. In addition, the functional metagenomic analysis revealed that samples classified in cluster R2 were overrepresented by genes coding for KEGG modules associated with methanogenesis, including a significant relative abundance of the methyl‐coenzyme M reductase enzyme. Based on the cluster assignment, we applied a sparse partial least‐squares discriminant analysis at the taxonomic and functional levels. In addition, we implemented a sPLS regression model using the phenotypic variation of CH4y. By combining these two approaches, we identified 86 discriminant bacterial OTUs, notably including families linked to CH4 emission such as Succinivibrionaceae, Ruminococcaceae, Christensenellaceae, Lachnospiraceae and Rikenellaceae. These selected OTUs explained 24% of the CH4y phenotypic variance, whereas the host genome contribution was ~14%. In summary, we identified rumen microbial biomarkers associated with the methane production of dairy cows; these biomarkers could be used for targeted methane‐reduction selection programmes in the dairy cattle industry provided they are heritable.
Differential coexpression networks in bronchiolitis and emphysema phenotypes reveal heterogeneous mechanisms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Qin Jiangyue , Yang Ting , Zeng Ni , Wan Chun , Gao Lijuan , Li Xiaoou , Chen Lei , Shen Yongchun , Wen Fuqiang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease with multiple molecular mechanisms. To investigate and contrast the molecular processes differing between bronchiolitis and emphysema phenotypes of COPD, we downloaded the GSE69818 microarray data set from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), which based on lung tissues from 38 patients with emphysema and 32 patients with bronchiolitis. Then, weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) and differential coexpression (DiffCoEx) analysis were performed, followed by gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis (KEGG) analysis. Modules and hub genes for bronchiolitis and emphysema were identified, and we found that genes in modules linked to neutrophil degranulation, Rho protein signal transduction and B cell receptor signalling were coexpressed in emphysema. DiffCoEx analysis showed that four hub genes (IFT88, CCDC103, MMP10 and Bik) were consistently expressed in emphysema patients; these hub genes were enriched, respectively, for functions of cilium assembly and movement, proteolysis and apoptotic mitochondrial changes. In our re‐analysis of GSE69818, gene expression networks in relation to emphysema deepen insights into the molecular mechanism of COPD and also identify some promising therapeutic targets.
European survey on criteria of aesthetics for periodontal evaluation: The ESCAPE study
Authors: Le Roch Sarah , Rouche Frédéric , Valet Fabien , Bouchard Philippe ,   the ESCAPE group
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe ESCAPE multicentre survey was designed to (a) compare the agreement of three relevant aesthetic scoring systems among different centres, and (b) evaluate the reproducibility of each question of the questionnaires.Materials and MethodsEFP centres (n = 14) were involved in an e‐survey. Forty‐two participants (28 teachers, 14 postgraduate students) were asked to score the one‐year aesthetic outcomes of photographs using the Before–After Scoring System (BASS), the Pink Esthetic Score (PES) and the Root coverage Esthetic Score (RES). Mean values of kappa statistics performed on each question were provided to resume global agreement of each method.ResultsBetween teachers, a difference of kappa ≥ 0.41 (p = .01) was found for BASS (75%) and PES (57%). Similarly, RES (84%) and PES (57%) were different (p < .001). No difference was found between BASS (75%) and RES (84%). No difference was found between students, whatever the scoring system. Questions of each scoring system showed differences in their reproducibility.ConclusionsThe outcomes of this study indicate that BASS and RES scoring systems are reproducible tools to evaluate aesthetic after root coverage therapies between different centres. Among the various variables, lack of scar, degree of root coverage, colour match and gingival margin that follows the CEJ show the best reliability.
Key characteristics of basal cell carcinoma with large subclinical extension
Authors: Greywal T. , Goldenberg A. , Eimpunth S. , Jiang S.B. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundBasal cell carcinoma with large subclinical extension (BCC‐LSE) is a tumour whose extensive spread becomes apparent during Mohs surgery histopathology review. Not recognizing BCC‐LSE preoperatively may result in a greater number of Mohs layers and in larger than anticipated postoperative defects.ObjectiveTo evaluate the characteristics of BCC‐LSE.MethodsThis retrospective study reviewed BCC treated with Mohs surgery at a single academic surgical centre between March 2007 and February 2012. A total of 2044 cases met the criteria of BCC‐LSE, which was defined as a lesion requiring at least three Mohs stages and a final surgical margin (difference between preoperative and postoperative measurements in either vertical or horizontal dimensions) of ≥1 cm.ResultsIn adjusted multivariable analysis, male sex (P = 0.05), Fitzpatrick skin type I (P = 0.002), history of prior BCC (P = 0.003) and subtypes of basosquamous, metatypical, micronodular, infiltrative, morpheaform and sclerosing (P = 0.005) remained significant BCC‐LSE predictors.ConclusionsDemographic factors, including personal history of BCC, skin type, anatomic location, gender and age, in addition to tumour histologic subtype assessed through incisional biopsy, can help predict occurrence of BCC‐LSE and assist physicians in optimizing preoperative assessment of surgical time and complexity.
Use of the Skin Cancer Quality of Life Impact Tool (SCQOLIT) – a feasibility study in non‐melanoma skin cancer
Authors: Wali G.N. , Gibbons E. , Kelly L. , Reed J.R. , Matin R.N. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundIncidence of non‐melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) is increasing and can significantly impact on quality of life (QOL), yet there are few studies evaluating patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) in NMSC populations. We undertook a prospective feasibility study to evaluate a skin cancer‐specific PROM, the Skin Cancer Quality of Life Impact Tool (SCQOLIT), in patients with a new diagnosis of NMSC.Objectives(i) To establish acceptability of SCQOLIT in dermatology clinics, (ii) a descriptive analysis of SCQOLIT scores in NMSC.MethodsPatients with histologically confirmed NMSC completed SCQOLIT, EQ‐5D and a transition item. Questionnaires were completed at baseline and 3 months for group 1 (‘low‐risk’ NMSC) and group 2 (‘high‐risk’ NMSC) with additional questionnaires at 6–9 months for group 2. Patients participated in structured interviews. Clinician experience was captured through staff evaluation forms and a focus group. Acceptability and psychometric properties of SCQOLIT were assessed.ResultsOverall, 318 patients consented to participate. Mean SCQOLIT score at baseline was 5.33, with 2.6% of patients scoring ≥20. No ceiling effects were observed, whilst 13.9% scored 0. Validity was demonstrated against EQ‐5D. Cronbach's alpha 0.84 demonstrated internal consistency. Thirteen patients were interviewed and thought SCQOLIT was comprehensive, captured impact on health‐related QOL and helped express their needs to clinicians. Most clinicians found SCQOLIT ‘very useful’ or ‘useful to some extent’ in facilitating discussions.ConclusionsThis feasibility study demonstrates that SCQOLIT is acceptable to patients and staff in dermatology skin cancer clinics. The psychometric properties of SCQOLIT confirm its utility in NMSC populations.
Using a structured, patient‐centred, educational exchange to facilitate a shared conversation about stroke prevention medications
Authors: Coombes Judith A. , Rowett Debra , Whitty Jennifer A. , Cottrell Neil W. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of a structured patient‐centred educational exchange to facilitate a shared conversation about stroke prevention medications.MethodsParticipants (18 years or older) with a principal diagnosis of stroke or transient ischaemic attack were purposively sampled from the stroke unit of a 780‐bed teaching hospital in Australia and consented to participate in the study. A patient‐centred educational exchange was conducted face to face at the bedside before discharge and by telephone post discharge. The structure of these sessions was adapted from academic detailing, an educational strategy, which includes identifying experience, listening to the needs of the audience, and tailoring messages to influence behaviour. To facilitate sharing of needs, three questionnaires, validated as research tools, were used to identify participants' experience, perceptions, and beliefs. The identified perceptions were used to personalize educational messages. The outcomes of the study were to provide descriptions of patients' perceptions necessities and concerns about their condition and medications, provide examples of personalized responses to these, evaluate acceptability by patients, and determine the time taken to share the information.ResultsSixteen participants completed both the bedside session (average duration 27 minutes) and the telephone follow‐up (average duration 23 minutes). The strongest patient concern identified was having another stroke. Personalized responses included emphasizing long‐term treatment in response to the perception that stroke will last for a short time, reinforcement of necessity for medications, and further exploration of concerns.ConclusionThe questionnaires engaged the participants, allowing them to share perceptions and beliefs, facilitating a patient‐centred educational exchange in a timely manner.
Transmission of Mycobacterium chelonae and Mycobacterium marinum in laboratory zebrafish through live feeds
Authors: Chang Carolyn T. , Benedict Samuel , Whipps Christopher M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a popular vertebrate model organism used in a wide range of research fields. Mycobacteriosis, caused by Mycobacterium species, is particularly concerning because it is a common disease associated with chronic infections in these fish. Infections are also a source of uncontrolled experimental variance that may influence research results. Live feeds for zebrafish are common and include paramecia (Paramecium caudatum), brine shrimp (Artemia franciscana) and rotifers (Branchionus spp.). Although nutritionally beneficial, live feeds may pose a biosecurity risk. In this study, we investigate transmission of Mycobacterium chelonae and Mycobacterium marinum through these three live feeds. We show that all three live feeds ingest both M. marinum and M. chelonae and can transmit mycobacterial infections to zebrafish. This observation emphasizes the need for live feeds to be included in the consideration of potential biosecurity risks. This study is of importance to other beyond the zebrafish community, including those of additional aquatic models and those using live feeds for other types of aquaculture.
Evidence for the facultative intracellular behaviour of the fish pathogen Vibrio ordalii
Authors: Avendaño‐Herrera Ruben , Arias‐Muñoz Eloisa , Rojas Verónica , Toranzo Alicia E. , Poblete‐Morales Matías , Córdova Claudio , Irgang Rute 
Published: August 2019

AbstractVibrio ordalii is an extracellular, Gram‐negative bacterium that produces vibriosis in salmonids. While pathogenesis is not fully understood, this bacterium has numerous likely genes for adhesion, colonization, invasion factors and, as recently suggested, intracellular behaviour. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify possible intracellular behaviour for V. ordalii Vo‐LM‐18 and ATCC 33509T in the fish‐cell lines SHK‐1 and CHSE‐214. Confocal microscopy revealed Vo‐LM‐18 and ATCC 33509T inside cytoplasm in both fish‐cell lines at 4 hr post‐inoculation (hpi). At 8 and 16 hpi, the proportion of fish cells invaded by both strains increased. Moreover, intracellular V. ordalii were observed after 8 hpi inside mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF), demonstrating that entry was not due to a cellular phagocytosis process. Flow cytometry confirmed immunocytochemistry results, with both V. ordalii evidencing statistically significant differences in the number of infected cells between 8 and 16 hpi. Interestingly, V. ordalii infection did not significantly damage fish cells, as determined by LDH liberation. Viable counts at 8 hpi detected, on average for both lines, 176 ± 47 CFU/ml of culturable intracellular Vo‐LM‐18 and ATCC 33509T cells. These in vitro findings support the facultative intracellular behaviour of V. ordalii and may be of importance for understanding pathogenicity and survival in aquatic environments.