bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Docking Simulation Study of Some Herbal Molecules Against Influenza A Virus by Targeting Neuraminidase
Authors: Kesharwani Rajesh K. , Kumari Simran , Singh Dev Bukhsh , Tripathi Sandeep 
Published: August 2019

Background:
Human Swine flu is a viral disease caused by Influenza A virus, an
orthomyxovirus, contains the glycoprotein neuraminidase described as H1N2. Neuraminidase,
a glycoside hydrolase enzyme assist in budding from the host cells. The medicines available
for the treatment of swine flu are Oseltamivir and Zanamivir acting against glycoproteins,
mainly haemagglutinin and neuraminidase. Ayurvedic medicinal system described many herbs
which acts as antiviral and among that Curcumin, Bisdemethoxycurcumin, Cyclocurcumin,
Ascorbic Acid and Eugenol have been selected based on their potential antiviral properties.

Objective:
This study aims to provide the interaction between Curcumin, Bisdemethoxycurcumin,
Cyclocurcumin, Ascorbic Acid and Eugenol (herbal molecules) against influenza A
virus by targeting Neuraminidase.

Methods:
The selected protein target (1NN2.pdb) of swine flu (neuraminidase) was downloaded
from Protein Data Bank with resolution 2.2 A0. The ligands (Curcumin, Cyclocurcumin,
Bisdemethoxycurcumin, Ascorbic acid, Eugenol and Zanamvir) for the docking study
have been download form PubChem database. The present study has been performed using
docking simulation with the help of AutoDock Vina.

Results:
Result shows that the Curcumin, Bisdemethoxycurcumin and Cyclocurcumin is
showing good binding affinity with target protein, Nuraminidase as compared to known drug
Zanamivir and other selected ligands (Eugenol, Ascorbic Acid). The docking energy values
varies between -4.9 to -7.5 Kcal/mole.

Conclusion:
The present study has shown that the Curcumin, Bisdemethoxycurcumin and
Cyclocurcumin showing good binding affinity with target protein, Nuraminidase as compared
to known binder Zanamivir and other selected ligands (Eugenol, Ascorbic Acid). Curcumin
and their derivatives (Bisdemethoxycurcumin, Cyclocurcumin) based drugs may act
singly or synergistically along with other known drugs and prove to be more effective for influenza
type A treatment.
Quality of Inpatient Tuberculosis Health Care in High-Burden Resource-Limited Settings: Protocol for a Comprehensive Mixed Methods Assessment Study
Authors: Truzyan Nune , Grigoryan Zaruhi , Musheghyan Lusine , Crape Byron , Petrosyan Varduhi 
Published: August 2019

Background
The quality of care for tuberculosis (TB) is deficient in high-burden countries and urgently needs improvement. However, comprehensively identifying the required improvements is challenging. Providing high-quality TB care is an important step toward improving patients’ quality of life and decreasing TB morbidity and mortality. Effective tools for assessing the quality of TB services using international standards and guidelines can identify existing gaps in services and inform improvements to ensure high-quality inpatient TB services.

Objective
This study aimed to develop evaluation instruments for defining the quality of provision of TB services.

Methods
To assess quality of services in the largest TB hospital in Armenia, we developed instruments based on the Joint Commission International Accreditation Standards for Hospitals, International Standards for TB Care, TB Laboratories Bio-Safety Standards, and the World Health Organization framework for conducting TB program reviews. A mixed methods approach was utilized, triangulating quantitative (checklists) and qualitative (in-depth interviews) results. A scoring system and strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and treats analysis was applied to detail results for each of the 122 standards assessed. A scaling approach was used to present overall performances of inpatient services for eight patient-centered functions and five organization management functions.

Results
Overall, 40 in-depth interviews and 91 checklists (21 observations, 16 policy papers, 20 staff qualification documents, and 34 medical records) were developed, utilized, and analyzed to explore practices of health care professionals, assess inpatient treatment experience of patients and their family members, evaluate facility environmental conditions, and define the degree of compliance to standards.

Conclusions
The effective comprehensive evaluation instruments and methods developed in this study for quality of inpatient TB services support the implementation of similar effective assessments in other countries. It may also become a platform to develop similar approaches for assessing ambulatory TB services in resource-limited countries.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/13903
The Fever Coach Mobile App for Participatory Influenza Surveillance in Children: Usability Study
Authors: Kim Myeongchan , Yune Sehyo , Chang Seyun , Jung Yuseob , Sa Soon Ok , Han Hyun Wook 
Published: August 2019

Background
Effective surveillance of influenza requires a broad network of health care providers actively reporting cases of influenza-like illnesses and positive laboratory results. Not only is this traditional surveillance system costly to establish and maintain but there is also a time lag between a change in influenza activity and its detection. A new surveillance system that is both reliable and timely will help public health officials to effectively control an epidemic and mitigate the burden of the disease.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the use of parent-reported data of febrile illnesses in children submitted through the Fever Coach app in real-time surveillance of influenza activities.

Methods
Fever Coach is a mobile app designed to help parents and caregivers manage fever in young children, currently mainly serviced in South Korea. The app analyzes data entered by a caregiver and provides tailored information for care of the child based on the child’s age, sex, body weight, body temperature, and accompanying symptoms. Using the data submitted to the app during the 2016-2017 influenza season, we built a regression model that monitors influenza incidence for the 2017-2018 season and validated the model by comparing the predictions with the public influenza surveillance data from the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC).

Results
During the 2-year study period, 70,203 diagnosis data, including 7702 influenza reports, were submitted. There was a significant correlation between the influenza activity predicted by Fever Coach and that reported by KCDC (Spearman ρ=0.878; P<.001). Using this model, the influenza epidemic in the 2017-2018 season was detected 10 days before the epidemic alert announced by KCDC.

Conclusions
The Fever Coach app successfully collected data from 7.73% (207,699/2,686,580) of the target population by providing care instruction for febrile children. These data were used to develop a model that accurately estimated influenza activity measured by the central government agency using reports from sentinel facilities in the national surveillance network.
Optimization and Kinetics of Zirconium Oxychloride (ZOC) Dissolution Using HNO<sub>3</sub>
Authors: Purwani Maria Veronika , Muzakky Muzakky 
Published: August 2019

The design of chemical reactor can not be separated from the optimization data and reaction kinetics obtained from the experimental measurement. Through the idea of making the dissolution reactor design, the purpose of this research is to obtain optimization data and dissolution kinetics of Zirconium Oxide Chloride (ZOC) using HNO3. The design of the solvent reactor is required to make the feedstock in the liquid-liquid extraction process continuously. The extraction process is a mini-pilot plant unit as a nuclear-grade zirconia manufacture. The dissolution optimization was carried out by dissolving ZOC solids of zircon sand processed products using HNO3 in a container with some variation of contact time, HNO3 concentration and temperature. While the kinetics data was gained by extracting from the optimization data obtained based on the formula of reaction orders. The investigation result with 6 gr of ZOC and 6M HNO3 concentration obtained the best contact optimum time of 2 minutes and the conversion number (α) of 0.96. The dissolution reaction mechanism was estimated in accordance with the reaction of order 1 with the k value of 1.5879 minutes-1. It was predicted that the reaction mechanism of ZOC dissolution in HNO3 begins with diffuse control and is followed by chemical reaction control. With increasing conversion temperature, the conversion will increase to 0.98, while the reaction also follows the reaction order 1. The optimum temperature at 60 °C, and the correlation between temperature (T) with the calculated reaction rate constant (k) according to the Arrhenius formula yielded an equation of ln k = - 4191,6 / T + 13,903 or k = 13,903.e- 4191,6 / T, with the frequency factor A = 1091430 and the activation energy E = 34,848 kJ / mole.
Zarządzanie majątkiem jednostek gospodarczych o różnym profilu produkcji
Authors: Marcysiak Agata , Marcysiak Adam 
Published: August 2019

Celem niniejszego opracowania jest próba ukazania zakresu zarzadzania majątkiem podmiotów gospodarczych o różnym profilu produkcji. Materiałem badawczym były dane o gospodarstwach charakteryzujących się zróżnicowanym profilem produkcji, które w 2017 roku prowadziły rachunkowość rolną w ramach polskiego FADN. Poszczególne wielkości ukazano w przeliczeniu na jedno gospodarstwo w zł. Skalę zróżnicowania analizowano w podziale na osiem typów rolniczych. Majątek gospodarstwa przedstawiono w podziale na aktywa trwałe i obrotowe. Rozpatrywanym parametrem oceny sprawności zarządzania majątkiem była efektywność wykorzystania zasobów. Najwyższym poziomem produktywności i dochodowości kapitału odznaczały się gospodarstwa drobiarskie i ogrodnicze. Wysokim poziomem produktywności i dochodowości pracy odznaczały się gospodarstwa nastawione na chów krów mlecznych i trzody chlewnej. O jakości zarządzania podmiotu gospodarczego informuje także jego kondycja finansowa. Jej syntetycznym wskaźnikiem jest rentowność kapitału własnego ROE. Wśród analizowanych gospodarstw najwyższą dodatnią rentownością kapitału własnego odznaczały się gospodarstwa drobiarskie. Wielkość wskaźnika ROE wynosiła tutaj 14,74%. Na nieco niższym poziomie kształtował się on w gospodarstwach, gdzie dominującą produkcją był chów krów mlecznych i trzody chlewnej. Dodatnią rentownością odznaczały się jeszcze gospodarstwa ogrodnicze.
Obciążenia fiskalne pracy mikroprzedsiębiorstw w Polsce
Authors: Rosiński Rafał 
Published: August 2019

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie i analiza obciążeń fiskalnych pracy mikroprzedsiębiorstw w Polsce z wyodrębnieniem obciążeń osoby fizycznej prowadzącej działalność gospodarczą w ramach tzw. samozatrudnienia oraz obciążeń odprowadzanych przez przedsiębiorcę za pracowników. W artykule zostały zaprezentowane ponadto uwarunkowania fiskalne prowadzenia działalności gospodarczej na podstawie danych pochodzących z raportu Doing Business 2018 opracowanego przez Bank Światowy (World Bank Group). Zasadniczą kwestię w zakresie obciążeń fiskalnych pracy odgrywają obciążenia parapodatkowe pracy, wyrażające się w obowiązkowych składkach na ubezpieczenia społeczne i ubezpieczenie zdrowotne, co stanowi dla mikroprzedsiębiorstw jedną z większych barier w prowadzeniu i rozwoju działalności gospodarczej. W ostatnich latach Polska uzyskała znaczącą poprawę w kryterium dotyczącym czasu poświęconego rozliczeniom podatkowym.
Effects of Liraglutide Compared With Placebo on Events of Acute Gallbladder or Biliary Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes at High Risk for Cardiovascular Events in the LEADER Randomized Trial
Authors: Nauck Michael A. , Muus Ghorbani Marie Louise , Kreiner Eskil , Saevereid Hans A. , Buse John B. ,   the LEADER Publication Committee on behalf of the LEADER Trial Investigators
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVETo explore gallbladder- and biliary tract–related events reported for the liraglutide and placebo groups in the Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes: Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcome Results (LEADER) trial.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSLEADER was an international, randomized, double-blind, controlled cardiovascular (CV) outcomes trial. Participants with type 2 diabetes at high risk for CV events (n = 9,340) were randomized 1:1 to receive either liraglutide (≤1.8 mg daily; n = 4,668) or placebo (n = 4,672), with both groups also receiving standard care (treatment period: 3.5–5 years). Acute gallstone disease was a medical event of special interest. This post hoc analysis categorized captured events of acute gallbladder or biliary disease into four groups: uncomplicated gallbladder stones, complicated gallbladder stones, cholecystitis, and biliary obstruction. Time to first event by treatment group was analyzed using Cox regression.RESULTSThere was an increased risk of acute gallbladder or biliary disease with liraglutide versus placebo (n = 141 of 4,668 vs. n = 88 of 4,672 patients, respectively; hazard ratio [HR] 1.60; 95% CI 1.23, 2.09; P &lt; 0.001). Similar trends were observed for each of the four categories of gallbladder- or biliary tract–related events. Cholecystectomy was performed more frequently in liraglutide-treated patients (HR 1.56; 95% CI 1.10, 2.20; P = 0.013) but for similar proportions of the patients who experienced gallbladder- or biliary tract–related events (57% with liraglutide vs. 59% with placebo).CONCLUSIONSAlthough LEADER was not specifically designed to assess acute gallbladder or biliary disease, the trial showed an increased risk of gallbladder- or biliary tract–related events with liraglutide versus placebo, which appeared to be consistent across four categories of these events. Further studies should investigate the relevant mechanisms.
The Naturalness of Translation in Translating Short Story Entitled “Drupadi” from Indonesian into English
Authors: Dewi N L.P.V. , Mardjohan Asril , Santosa Made H 
Published: August 2019

This study aimed at analyzing the naturalness of translation and finding the percentage of the naturalness of translation in translating short story entitled “Drupadi” from Indonesian
into English. The subjects of this study were two native speakers which are come from the native area. Meanwhile, the object of this study was a short story entitled “Drupadi” especially the sentences in both Indonesian and English version. In this study, the
researcher used Larson’s theory as the reference of the study in order to analyze the naturalness of translation in short story entitled “Drupadi” from Indonesian into English. The data were obtained by two methods of data collection, namely checklist and
interview. The total of the data in this study was 131 sentences and it was analyzed descriptively. The result of this study showed that, 0% of the data is considered to fall into “unnatural” level, 2.29% are considered to fall into “less natural” level, 13.74% of the data belong to the “natural” level, and 83.97% of the data is classified as “highly natural”. Based on the result, it can be concluded that the short story entitled “Drupadi” which has been translated by Tom Hunter from Indonesian into English was in “highly natural” level and it can be used as teaching material for the teacher who teaches language, especially translation.
An Analysis of Code Switching Used by Lecturer of English Education Department at Ganesha University of Education
Authors: Suarnajaya Wayan , Mardjohan Asril , Wijaya Danu 
Published: August 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tipe dari alih kodebahasa, fungsi alih kodebahasa, dan alasan penggunaan alihkodebahasa yang digunakanoleh dosen bahasa Inggris sebagai strategi komunikasi untuk mengajar bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa asing di semester II Jurusan PendidikanBahasa Inggris di Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah dosen laki-laki. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam
penelitian ini adalah perekam MP3, catatan lapangan, dan panduan wawancara. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada dua jenis alih kode yang digunakan oleh guru bahasa Inggris. Mereka adalah intra-sentential alih kodebahasa dan inter-sentensial alih kodebahasa.
Developing Culture-Based English Learning Material to Support the Implementation of Curriculum 2013 for the First Semester of Grade Seven Junior High School in Buleleng
Authors: Fitri A , Batan I Gede , Mahayanti N W.S 
Published: August 2019

This research aimed at developing culture based English learning material to support the implementation of curriculum 2013 for the first semester of grade seven junior high schools in Buleleng. This research was designed by utilizing an RnD model development proposed by Peffers et al in Ellis and Levy (2010). t. In order to reach the high qualified product, there were two experts evaluated the content of product, integration of local culture, and presentation of culture based English learning material in the form of English judgment form. All data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The result of this research was designed in the form of culture based English textbook to support the implementation of curriculum 2013 for the first semester of grade seven junior
high schools in Buleleng. This textbook consisted of 4 topics. The material was designed carefully depends on Balinese culture context. The context of Balinese culture were integrated into pictures, dialogues, and learning activities. Culture based English textbook were also designed to meet the characteristic of good textbook by Tomlinson (1998). Generally, the two experts stated that the product were already interesting and appropriate with characteristic of good textbook.
Aktor Menurut Uta Hagen
Authors: Santosa Eko 
Published: August 2019

Uta Hagen (1919 – 2004) adalah seorang aktris dan praktisi teater Amerika. Memulai karirnya dari panggung Broadway dan begitu memesona dalam pertunjukan “Whos’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf?” karya lakon Edward Albee. Karena kehebatan seni perannya tersebut ia dijuluki sebagai aktris terpercaya. Hagen kemudian melangkahkan kakinya ke Hollywood dan membintangi beberapa film. Namun karena persoalan pilihan politik ia memilih melanjutkan karirnya di panggung. Perjalanan karir Hagen mengarahkannya menjadi guru atau pelatih teater di Studio Herbert Berghof dan menuliskan 2 buku best seller-nya yaitu Respect for Acting1 dan A Challenge for the Actor2. Dalam hal pembelajaran teater, warisan besarnya berupa serangkaian latihan dengan objek yang ia bangun berdasarkan karya Stanislavski dan Vakhtangof. Hagen memiliki pandangan umum mengenai aktor yang ia tulis dalam bukunya Respect for Acting, pada bab pertama. Ia berpendapat bahwa aktor memerlukan bakat, imajinasi, pemahaman akan realitas, kehendak berkomunikasi, karakter dan etika, sudut pandang, memahami perilaku manusia, dan kedisiplinan menyeluruh. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut seorang aktor harus berlatih dan menyempurnakan perangkat eksternalnya yaitu tubuh, suara, dan wicara serta belajar ilmu-ilmu lain dengan seksama. Pandangan umum mengenai aktor menurut Uta Hagen yang menjadi konsep dasar pemahaman tentang keaktoran ini akan sedikit diurai dalam tulisan berikut.
ALTERNATIVNI OBLICI KOLEKTIVNOG STANOVANJA
Authors: Maksimović Ivana 
Published: August 2019

Rad ima za cilj istraživanje co-livinga i njegovu funkciju u kulturi i društvu. Co-living se odnosi na suživot u najširem smislu. Iz pozicje arhitekte govorimo prvenstveno o prostoru co-livinga, odnosno prostoru za zajednički život i delovanje. Sa promenama unutar zajednice dešavaju se i promene njihovog prostora delovanja. Te promene uslovljavaju transformacije koje često počinju sa jednim projektom – nekad čak i malim. U savremenim uslovima brzog življenja gde je dostupnost funkcija u malom vremenskom i prostornom opsegu imperativ, teži se kreiranju sklopa koji će različitim korisnicima na malom prostoru ponuditi odgovor na potrebe. Na ovaj način se garantuje socijalna ravnopravnost kroz pružanje usluga istog kvaliteta za potrebe koje su svima iste.
NILAI-NILAI KEMANDIRIAN ANAK MELALUI SCAFFOLDING PAD USIA 3-4 TAHUN DI KELOMPOK BERMAIN PAUD TAMAN BELIA CANDI SEMARANG
Authors: Widianti Diana , Purwadi Purwadi , Khasanah Ismatul 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRAKLatar belakang yang mendorong penelitian ini adalah penanaman karakter dengan pembiasaan adanya pemberian pijakan (Scaffolding) dari pohon karakter yang dimiliki PAUD Taman Belia Candi Semarang salah satunya karakter mandiri. Kemandirian yang dimiliki anak usia dini akan sangat bermanfaat bagi mereka dalam menumbuhkan kemadiriannya. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai untuk penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan nilai-nilai kemandirian anak dengan penerapan scaffolding pada usia 3-4 tahun di Kelompok Bermain PAUD Taman Belia Candi Semarang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif naturalistik dengan metode pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data dengan model Miles and Huberman yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Teknik pengujian keabsahan data dengan triangulasi sumber. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perkembangan anak sesuai dengan Standar Tingkat Pencapaian Perkembangan Anak (STPPA) dengan adanya pengaruh besar dari pemberian dukungan penerapan scaffolding untuk kemandirian anak telah menjadi suatu pembiasaan aktifitas sehari-hari anak, sehingga muncul kemampuan anak yang berkembang sesuai tingkat perkembangannya dalam melakukan aktifitas sendiri dengan minimnya bantuan orang dewasa relative kecil. Kata kunci: anak usia dini, kemandirian, Scaffolding
Особенности интервенционных вмешательств при хронических коронарных окклюзиях у больных с ишемической болезнью сердца после аортокоронарного шунтирования. Состояние вопроса и собственный опыт
Authors: Furkalo S. N. 
Published: August 2019

В течение 10 лет после аортокоронарного шунтирования (АКШ) 60 % венозных шунтов и 90 % трансплантатов внутренней грудной артерии (ВГА) остаются функционирующими. Частота прогрессирования проксимальных стенозов шунтированных артерий до полных окклюзий составляет 22 % при использовании ВГА как артериального анастомоза и 48 % в среднем после применения аутовенозных трансплантатов. В соответствии с литературными данными, при многофакторном анализе больные, перенесшие АКШ и подвергающиеся последующей коронарной ангиопластике, имеют более высокий риск вмешательства в отношении смертности и послеоперационных осложнений. Если реканализация артерии прошла успешно, смертность достигала 2,6 %, в случае частичного успеха – 5,2 %, а в случае неудачи летальность составила 8,2 %.
При вмешательстве у больных после АКШ предпочтительной является реканализация окклюзий нативных коронарных артерий, нежели аорто-коронарных трансплантатов.
В настоящей работе представлен анализ возможных интервенционных подходов к реканализации коронарного русла у больных после АКШ, обсужден собственный опыт и практические наработки. Реканализации хронических окклюзий коронарных артерий в различные сроки после АКШ с общей технической эффективностью 75 % подверглись 52 больных.