bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proliferative heterogeneity of murine epithelial cells in the adult mammary gland
Authors: Shehata Mona , Waterhouse Paul D. , Casey Alison E. , Fang Hui , Hazelwood Lee , Khokha Rama 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBreast cancer is the most common cancer in females. The number of years menstruating and length of an individual menstrual cycle have been implicated in increased breast cancer risk. At present, the proliferative changes within an individual reproductive cycle or variations in the estrous cycle in the normal mammary gland are poorly understood. Here we use Fucci2 reporter mice to demonstrate actively proliferating mammary epithelial cells have shorter G1 lengths, whereas more differentiated/non-proliferating cells have extended G1 lengths. We find that cells enter into the cell cycle mainly during diestrus, yet the expansion is erratic and does not take place every reproductive cycle. Single cell expression analyses feature expected proliferation markers (Birc5, Top2a), while HR+ luminal cells exhibit fluctuations of key differentiation genes (ER, Gata3) during the cell cycle. We highlight the proliferative heterogeneity occurring within the normal mammary gland during a single-estrous cycle, indicating that the mammary gland undergoes continual dynamic proliferative changes.
Catalytic N-modification of α-amino acids and small peptides with phenol under bio-compatible conditions
Authors: Dominguez-Huerta Alejandra , Perepichka Inna , Li Chao-Jun 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe functionalization of α-amino acids and peptides provides the opportunity to tailor the properties of these biomolecules for diverse applications in chemistry and biology. Previous methods for N-modification involve the use of aliphatic alcohols, aldehydes, or halides. Alternatively, phenolic compounds are more desirable alkylating reagents as they constitute the backbone of lignin, making them an attractive bio-renewable resource. Here we report a method to N-modify 17 out of the 20 amino acids with phenol or derivatives, with water as the sole by-product. N-arylation is achieved using 2-cyclohexen-1-one and cyclohexanone as the coupling partners. Notably, phenol is successfully used to N-cyclohexylate α-amino acids and small peptides in excellent yields under bio-compatible conditions without racemization.
A multi-omic atlas of the human frontal cortex for aging and Alzheimer’s disease research
Authors: De Jager Philip L. , Ma Yiyi , McCabe Cristin , Xu Jishu , Vardarajan Badri N. , Felsky Daniel , Klein Hans-Ulrich , White Charles C. , Peters Mette A. , Lodgson Ben , Nejad Parham , Tang Anna , Mangravite Lara M. , Yu Lei , Gaiteri Chris , Mostafavi Sara , Schneider Julie A. , Bennett David A. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractWe initiated the systematic profiling of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex obtained from a subset of autopsied individuals enrolled in the Religious Orders Study (ROS) or the Rush Memory and Aging Project (MAP), which are jointly designed prospective studies of aging and dementia with detailed, longitudinal cognitive phenotyping during life and a quantitative, structured neuropathologic examination after death. They include over 3,322 subjects. Here, we outline the first generation of data including genome-wide genotypes (n=2,090), whole genome sequencing (n=1,179), DNA methylation (n=740), chromatin immunoprecipitation with sequencing using an anti-Histone 3 Lysine 9 acetylation (H3K9Ac) antibody (n=712), RNA sequencing (n=638), and miRNA profile (n=702). Generation of other omic data including ATACseq, proteomic and metabolomics profiles is ongoing. Thanks to its prospective design and recruitment of older, non-demented individuals, these data can be repurposed to investigate a large number of syndromic and quantitative neuroscience phenotypes. The many subjects that are cognitively non-impaired at death also offer insights into the biology of the human brain in older non-impaired individuals.
A multi-regional input-output table mapping China's economic outputs and interdependencies in 2012
Authors: Mi Zhifu , Meng Jing , Zheng Heran , Shan Yuli , Wei Yi-Ming , Guan Dabo 
Published: August 2018

AbstractMulti-regional input-output (MRIO) models are one of the most widely used approaches to analyse the economic interdependence between different regions. We utilised the latest socioeconomic datasets to compile a Chinese MRIO table for 2012 based on the modified gravity model. The MRIO table provides inter-regional and inter-sectoral economic flows among 30 economic sectors in China’s 30 regions for 2012. This is the first MRIO table to reflect China’s economic development pattern after the 2008 global financial crisis. The Chinese MRIO table can be used to analyse the production and consumption structure of provincial economies and the inter-regional trade pattern within China, as well as function as a tool for both national and regional economic planning. The Chinese MRIO table also provides a foundation for extensive research on environmental impacts by linking industrial and regional output to energy use, carbon emissions, environmental pollutants, and satellite accounts.
A tissue-based draft map of the murine MHC class I immunopeptidome
Authors: Schuster Heiko , Shao Wenguang , Weiss Tobias , Pedrioli Patrick G.A. , Roth Patrick , Weller Michael , Campbell David S. , Deutsch Eric W. , Moritz Robert L. , Planz Oliver , Rammensee Hans-Georg , Aebersold Ruedi , Caron Etienne 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe large array of peptides presented to CD8+ T cells by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules is referred to as the MHC class I immunopeptidome. Although the MHC class I immunopeptidome is ubiquitous in mammals and represents a critical component of the immune system, very little is known, in any species, about its composition across most tissues and organs in vivo. We applied mass spectrometry (MS) technologies to draft the first tissue-based atlas of the murine MHC class I immunopeptidome in health. Peptides were extracted from 19 normal tissues from C57BL/6 mice and prepared for MS injections, resulting in a total number of 28,448 high-confidence H2Db/Kb-associated peptides identified and annotated in the atlas. This atlas provides initial qualitative data to explore the tissue-specificity of the immunopeptidome and serves as a guide to identify potential tumor-associated antigens from various cancer models. Our data were shared via PRIDE (PXD008733), SysteMHC Atlas (SYSMHC00018) and SWATH Atlas. We anticipate that this unique dataset will be expanded in the future and will find wide applications in basic and translational immunology.
Highly digital 1 GS/s 7‐bit PWM ADC in 65 nm CMOS using time‐domain quantisation
Authors: Saha A. , Harjani R. 
Published: August 2018

A 2 × time‐interleaved 1 GS/s 7b ADC is presented, which uses pulse‐width modulation and time domain quantisation for digitisation and is designed for wide channel bandwidths available at mm‐wave frequencies. The area, resolution and power performance of the highly digital time‐domain architecture is likely to scale with technology. The prototype ADC achieves 5.24 ENOB at a Nyquist rate while consuming 5.22 mW of power, resulting in a fJ/conversion step in TSMC's 65 nm GP CMOS process.
MIMO–monopulse target localisation for automotive radar
Authors: Feng Ruoyu , Uysal Faruk , Aubry Pascal , Yarovoy Alexandar 
Published: August 2018

In this study, the authors propose a novel direction of arrival (DoA) estimation algorithm called ‘multiple‐input–multiple‐output (MIMO)–monopulse’ by combining the monopulse approach with MIMO radar. Monopulse is fast and accurate angle estimation algorithm, which has been well developed for tracking radar. The application of the monopulse technique on MIMO radar is not much considered before, especially for automotive‐radar application, and will be discussed in this study. Conventional methods of monopulse DoA estimation include amplitude and phase comparison monopulse. In this study, to improve the performance of monopulse, they utilise Chebyshev and Zolotarev weighting to synthesise sum and difference patterns. A new visualisation method for monopulse ratio is discussed. Finally, they demonstrate the success of the proposed algorithm by processing real data from a 79 GHz frequency‐modulated continuous‐wave automotive radar.
Spectroscopic identification of INTEGRAL high-energy sources with VLT/ISAAC
Authors: Fortin F. , Chaty S. , Coleiro A. , Tomsick J. A. , Nitschelm C. H. R. 
Published: August 2018

Context. The INTEGRAL satellite has been observing the γ-ray sky for 15 years and has detected over 900 X-ray sources of various nature. However, more than 200 of these sources still lack precise identification.
Aims. Our goal is to reveal the nature of the high-energy sources detected by INTEGRAL. In particular, we want to improve the census of X-ray binaries.
Methods. Photometry and spectroscopy were performed in July 2012 on 14 INTEGRAL sources in near-infrared at the Very Large Telescope on the European Southern Observatory-UT3 telescope equipped with the ISAAC spectrograph. We used Ks images reaching to a depth of magnitude 18.5 to look for unique counterparts to high-energy detections to check for both extended sources and photometric variability. The analysis of near-infrared spectral features allows us to constrain the nature of these X-ray sources by comparing them to stellar spectra atlases.
Results. We present photometric and/or spectroscopic data for 14 sources (IGR J00465–4005, IGR J10447–6027, IGR J12489–6243, IGR J13020–6359, IGR J13186–6257, IGR J15293–5609, IGR J17200–3116, IGR J17404–3655, IGR J17586–2129, IGR J17597–2201, IGR J18457+0244, IGR J18532+0416, IGR J19308+0530, and IGR J19378–0617). We conclude that 5 of these are active galactic nuclei, 5 are cataclysmic variables, 2 are low- or intermediate-mass X-ray binaries, and 2 are Be high-mass X-ray binaries.
Horizontal photospheric flows trigger a filament eruption
Authors: Roudier T. , Schmieder B. , Filippov B. , Chandra R. , Malherbe J. M. 
Published: August 2018

Context. A large filament composed principally of two sections erupted sequentially in the southern hemisphere on January 26, 2016. The central, thick part of the northern section was first lifted up and lead to the eruption of the full filament. This event was observed in Hα with the Global Oscillation Network Group (GONG) and Christian Latouche IMageur Solaire (CLIMSO), and in ultraviolet (UV) with the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) imager on board the Solar Dynamic Observatory (SDO).
Aims. The aim of the paper is to relate the photospheric motions below the filament and its environment to the eruption of the filament.
Methods. An analysis of the photospheric motions using Solar Dynamic Observatory Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (SDO/HMI) continuum images with the new version of the coherent structure tracking (CST) algorithm developed to track granules, as well as large-scale photospheric flows, has been performed. Following velocity vectors, corks migrate towards converging areas.
Results. The supergranule pattern is clearly visible outside the filament channel but difficult to detect inside because the modulus of the vector velocity is reduced in the filament channel, mainly in the magnetized areas. The horizontal photospheric flows are strong on the west side of the filament channel and oriented towards the filament. The ends of the filament sections are found in areas of concentration of corks. Whirled flows are found locally around the feet.
Conclusions. The strong horizontal flows with an opposite direction to the differential rotation create strong shear and convergence along the magnetic polarity inversion line (PIL) in the filament channel. The filament has been destabilized by the converging flows, which initiate an ascent of the middle section of the filament until the filament reaches the critical height of the torus instability inducing, consequently, the eruption. The n decay index indicated an altitude of 60 Mm for the critical height. It is conjectured that the convergence along the PIL is due to the large-scale size cells of convection that transport the magnetic field to their borders.
Theγ-ray emitting region in low synchrotron peak blazars
Authors: Arsioli B. , Chang Y-L. 
Published: August 2018

Aims.From the early days inγ-ray astronomy, locating the origin of GeV emission within the core of an active galactic nucleus (AGN) persisted as an open question; the problem is to discern between near- and far-site scenarios with respect to the distance from the super massive central engine. We investigate this question under the light of a complete sample of low synchrotron peak (LSP) blazars which is fully characterized along many decades in the electromagnetic spectrum, from radio up to tens of GeV. We consider the high-energy emission from bright radio blazars and test for synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) and external Compton (EC) scenarios in the framework of localizing theγ-ray emission sites. Given that the inverse Compton (IC) process under the EC regime is driven by the abundance of external seed photons, these photons could be mainly ultraviolet (UV) to X-rays coming from the accretion disk region and the broad-line region (BLR), therefore close to the jet launch base; or infrared (IR) seed photons from the dust torus and molecular cloud spine-sheath, therefore far from jet launch base. We investigate both scenarios, and try to reveal the physics behind the production ofγ-ray radiation in AGNs which is crucial in order to locate the production site.Methods.Based on a complete sample of 104 radio-selected LSP blazars, with 37 GHz flux density higher than 1 Jy, we study broadband population properties associated with the nonthermal jet emission process, and test the capability of SSC and EC scenarios to explain the overall spectral energy distribution (SED) features. We use SEDs well characterized from radio toγrays, considering all currently available data. The enhanced available information from recent works allows us to refine the study of Syn to IC peak correlations, which points to a particularγ-ray emission site.Results.We show that SSC alone is not enough to account for the observed SEDs. Our analysis favors an EC scenario under the Thomson scattering regime, with a dominant IR external photon field. Therefore, the far-site (i.e., far from the jet launch) is probably the most reasonable scenario to account for the population properties of bright LSP blazars in cases modeled with a pure leptonic component. We calculate the photon energy density associated with the external field at the jet comoving frame to beU′ext= 1.69 × 10−2erg cm−3, finding good agreement to other correlated works.
Contribution of the Galactic centre to the local cosmic-ray flux
Authors: Jaupart Étienne , Parizot Étienne , Allard Denis 
Published: August 2018

Context. Recent observations of unexpected structures in the Galactic cosmic ray (GCR) spectrum and composition, as well as growing evidence for episodes of intense dynamical activity in the inner regions of the Galaxy, call for an evaluation of the high-energy particle acceleration associated with such activity and its potential impact on the global GCR phenomenology.
Aims. We investigate whether particles accelerated during high-power episodes around the Galactic centre can account for a significant fraction of the observed GCRs, or, conversely, what constraints can be derived regarding their Galactic transport if their contributions are negligible.
Methods. Particle transport in the Galaxy is described with a two-zone analytical model. We solved for the contribution of a Galactic centre cosmic-Ray (GCCR) source using Green functions and Bessel expansion, and discussed the required injection power for these GCCRs to influence the global GCR phenomenology at Earth.
Results. We find that, with standard parameters for particle propagation in the galactic disk and halo, the GCCRs can make a significant or even dominant contribution to the total CR flux observed at Earth. Depending on the parameters, such a source can account for both the observed proton flux and boron-to-carbon ratio (in the case of a Kraichnan-like scaling of the diffusion coefficient), or potentially produce spectral and composition features.
Conclusions. Our results show that the contribution of GCCRs cannot be neglected a priori, and that they can influence the global GCR phenomenology significantly, thereby calling for a reassessement of the standard inferences from a scenario where GCRs are entirely dominated by a single type of sources distributed throughout the Galactic disk.
Aufstehen, wenn Stehen nicht möglich ist (Teil 2)
Authors: Muesse André 
Published: August 2018

ZusammenfassungIn der vorigen Ausgabe haben wir dargestellt, wie Kinästhetik als Methode eingesetzt werden kann, um komplexe Transfergeschehen zu planen und zu koordinieren.
Das Wissen um die Grundlagen menschlicher Bewegung gibt Orientierung in der durchzuführenden Aktivität. Anhand der Bezugsebenen der körperlichen Orientierung
lässt sich Bewegung zwischen zwei Körperpositionen gestalten. Hierzu dienen die in der Kinästhetik idealtypisch beschriebenen Grundpositionen als Modell: Sie
bilden die Bewegungsentwicklung von der Rückenlage zum aufrechten Stand schematisch ab. Mittels der Bezugsebenen lässt sich menschliche Bewegung zwischen diesen
Positionen beschreiben. So können auch hochkomplexe Transfers mit stark bewegungseingeschränkten Menschen analysiert werden. Einzelne Positionen können dabei
als Zwischenschritte zum Innehalten dienen, was für eine bessere Orientierung im Bewegungsablauf sorgt und Sicherheit schafft.
Neue minimalinvasive Therapieoptionen des benignen Prostatasyndroms
Authors: Magistro Giuseppe , Westhofen Thilo , Stief Christian , Gratzke Christian 
Published: August 2018

ZusammenfassungNeue minimalinvasive Therapieansätze zur Behandlung des benignen Prostatasyndroms verfolgen das Ziel, bei gleichwertiger Wirksamkeit zu den etablierten Referenzverfahren ein günstigeres Sicherheitsprofil zu gewährleisten. Insbesondere der vollständige Erhalt der sexuellen Funktion, einschließlich der antegraden Ejakulation, ist von großem Interesse. Idealerweise lassen sich die neuen Prozeduren im ambulanten Setting unter lokaler Betäubung durchführen. Unter den mechanischen Ansätzen konnte für das Urolift®-Verfahren in der kurz- und langfristigen klinischen Evaluierung eine signifikante Besserung der Symptome des unteren Harntraktes (lower urinary tract symptoms; LUTS) für ein selektives Patientengut ohne prominenten Mittellappen gezeigt werden. Dabei ist Urolift in Bezug auf den Erhalt der antegraden Ejakulation und einer kürzeren Rekonvaleszenz dem Referenzverfahren der transurethralen Resektion der Prostata (TURP) überlegen. In der ersten klinischen Beurteilung des „Temporary Implantable Nitinol Device“ (TIND) wurde die schnelle und einfache Durchführbarkeit der neuen Technik aufgezeigt mit ersten vielversprechenden Ergebnissen im 3-Jahres-Verlauf. Für eine adäquate Bewertung des Verfahrens stehen allerdings noch prospektive, randomisierte und kontrollierte Studien aus. Unter den neuen ablativen Verfahren demonstrierte die Verwendung von konvektivem Wasserdampf-Energietransfer in Form des Rezũm®-Systems eine gute Wirksamkeit und Sicherheit in der 3-Jahres-Beurteilung. Es ist auch bei Vorhandensein eines obstruktiven Mittellappens einsetzbar und schont hierbei die antegrade Ejakulation. Innovative Ablationstechnologien wie die Aquablation (AquaBeam®) stehen noch am Anfang ihrer klinischen Bewertung, doch zeigen bereits initiale klinische Studien vielversprechende Resultate, auch im direkten Vergleich mit der TURP.
Die medikamentöse Therapie des BPS
Authors: Westhofen Thilo , Magistro Giuseppe , Stief Christian , Gratzke Christian 
Published: August 2018

ZusammenfassungDie medikamentöse Therapie des BPS ist oftmals das erstes Therapieregime bei symptomatischen BPS-Patienten, die unter zuwartendem Verhalten signifikant beschwerdeprogredient werden. Ziel der medikamentösen Therapie ist eine schnelle Verbesserung der „lower urinary tract symptoms“ (LUTS), die Verbesserung des Harnstrahls sowie die Verminderung der Restharnmenge. Unerwünschte Nebenwirkungen sollten möglichst niedrig sein. Die häufig primär eingesetzten α1-Adrenorezeptorblocker überzeugen bei guter Verträglichkeit durch schnelle Wirksamkeit und signifikante Verbesserung von LUTS, Qmax und Restharnmengen. Bei LUTS auf Grund von größeren Prostatavolumina zeigen 5α-Reduktase-Hemmer nach längerer Einnahme signifikante Verbesserung hinsichtlich Qmax, LUTS und Restharn. Zudem wirken sie als einziges Medikament relevant der Krankheitsprogression entgegen.Bei ausgeprägten irritativen Beschwerden zeigen umfangreiche Studien gute Ergebnisse unter Therapie mit Muskarinrezeptorantagonisten und den seit kurzem zur BPS-Therapie erneut in Deutschland erhältlichen Beta-3-Agonisten. Beide bewirken Verbesserung der LUTS, ein günstigeres Nebenwirkungsprofil zeigt sich unter Therapie mit Beta-3-Agonisten.Vorrangig als Therapie erektiler Dysfunktion (ED) genutzte PDE-5-Hemmer zeigen ebenfalls eine signifikante Verbesserung von LUTS und Restharnmengen und eignen sich gut für Patienten mit LUTS in Kombination mit ED.Die zunehmend äußerst beliebten Phytopharmaka bestechen durch geringe Nebenwirkungen, werden jedoch auf Grund fraglicher Wirksamkeit durch keine akute Leitlinie empfohlen.Neue Substanzgruppen, aber auch neue Therapieansätze mit bewährten Substanzen ergänzen laufend das wachsende Spektrum der medikamentösen Therapie des BPS. So ermöglichen neue Therapie-Algorithmen die individuelle Anpassung der Therapie an das Risikoprofil des Patienten unter Berücksichtigung unerwünschter Nebenwirkungen.
Anti-Inflammatory 18β-Glycyrrhetinin Acid Derivatives Produced by Biocatalysis
Authors: Fan Boyi , Jiang Baocheng , Yan Sensen , Xu Bohui , Huang Huilian , Chen Guangtong 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn this study, the biocatalysis of 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid by two strains of filamentous fungi, namely Rhizopus arrhizus AS 3.2893 and Circinella muscae AS 3.2695, was investigated. Scaled-up biotransformation reactions yielded 14 metabolites. Their structures were established based on extensive nuclear magnetic resonance and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry data analyses, and seven of them are new compounds. The two fungal strains exhibited distinct biocatalytic features. R. arrhizus could catalyze hydroxylation and carbonylation reactions, whereas C. muscae preferred to catalyze hydroxylation and glycosidation reactions. These highly specific reactions are difficult to achieve by chemical synthesis, particularly under mild conditions. Furthermore, we found that most of the metabolites exhibited pronounced inhibitory activities on lipopolysaccharides-induced nitric oxide production in RAW264.7 cells. These biotransformed derivatives of 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid could be potential anti-inflammatory agents.
Thoracoscopic Resection of Fluorodeoxyglucose-Avid Mediastinal Lymph Nodes Associated with Advanced Ovarian Carcinoma
Authors: Hamaji Masatsugu , Yamaguchi Ken , Koyasu Sho , Date Hiroshi 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe indication for surgery is controversial in patients with advanced ovarian cancer and fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-avid mediastinal lymph nodes. Herein we report our experience in thoracoscopic resection of FDG-avid mediastinal lymph nodes associated with advanced ovarian cancer in six patients. No perioperative or long-term mortality was noted. FDG-avid mediastinal lymph nodes in advanced ovarian carcinoma may merit thoracoscopic resection with histological confirmation for more precise staging.