bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
mGluR5‐dependent modulation of dendritic excitability in CA1 pyramidal neurons mediated by enhancement of persistent Na+ currents
Authors: Yu Weonjin , Kwon Jaehan , Sohn Jong‐Woo , Lee Suk Ho , Kim Sooyun , Ho Won‐Kyung 
Published: June 2018

Key points
High‐frequency stimulation (HFS) of the Schaffer collateral pathway activates metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) signalling in the proximal apical dendrites of CA1 pyramidal neurons.
The synaptic activation of mGluR5‐mediated calcium signalling causes a significant increase in persistent sodium current (INa,P) in the dendrites.
Increased INa,P by HFS underlies potentiation of synaptic inputs at both the proximal and distal dendrite, leading to an enhanced probability of action potential firing associated with decreased action potential thresholds.
Therefore, HFS‐induced activation of intracellular mGluR5 serves an important role as an instructive signal for potentiation of upcoming inputs by increasing dendritic excitability.
AbstractDendritic Na+ channels in pyramidal neurons are known to amplify synaptic signals, thereby facilitating action potential (AP) generation. However, the mechanisms that modulate dendritic Na+ channels have remained largely uncharacterized. Here, we report a new form of short‐term plasticity in which proximal excitatory synaptic inputs to hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons transiently elevate dendritic excitability. High‐frequency stimulations (HFS) to the Schaffer collateral (SC) pathway activate mGluR5‐dependent Ca2+ signalling in the apical dendrites, which, with calmodulin, upregulates specifically Nav1.6 channel‐mediated persistent Na+ currents (INa,P) in the dendrites. This HFS‐induced increase in dendritic INa,P results in transient increases in the amplitude of excitatory postsynaptic potentials induced by both proximal SC and distal perforant path stimulation, leading to the enhanced probability of AP firing associated with decreased AP thresholds. Taken together, our study identifies dendritic INa,P as a novel target for mediating activity‐dependent modulation of dendritic integration and neuronal output.
Myotonic dystrophy type 1: clinical manifestations in children and adolescents
Authors: Ho Genevieve , Carey Kate A , Cardamone Michael , Farrar Michelle A 
Published: June 2018

ObjectiveMyotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is an autosomal-dominant neuromuscular disease with variable severity affecting all ages; however, current care guidelines are adult-focused. The objective of the present study was to profile DM1 in childhood and propose a framework to guide paediatric-focused management.Design, setting and patients40 children with DM1 (mean age 12.8 years; range 2–19) were studied retrospectively for a total of 513 follow-up years at Sydney Children’s Hospital. 143 clinical parameters were recorded.ResultsThe clinical spectrum of disease in childhood differs from adults, with congenital myotonic dystrophy (CDM1) having more severe health issues than childhood-onset/juvenile patients (JDM1). Substantial difficulties with intellectual (CDM1 25/26 96.2%; JDM1 9/10, 90.0%), fine motor (CDM1 23/30, 76.6%; JDM1 6/10, 60.0%), gastrointestinal (CDM1 17/30, 70.0%; JDM1 3/10, 30.0%) and neuromuscular function (CDM1 30/30, 100.0%; JDM1 25/30, 83.3%) were evident.ConclusionThe health consequences of DM1 in childhood are diverse, highlighting the need for paediatric multidisciplinary management approaches that encompass key areas of cognition, musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, respiratory, cardiac and sleep issues.
New advances in amblyopia therapy II:refractive therapies
Authors: Kraus Courtney L , Culican Susan M 
Published: June 2018

The treatment of anisometropic or ametropic amblyopia has traditionally enjoyed a high treatment success rate. Early initiation and consistent use of spectacle correction can completely resolve amblyopia in a majority of patients. For those with anisometropic amblyopia that fail to improve with glasses wear alone, patching or atropine penalisation can lead to equalisation of visual acuity. However, successful treatment requires full-time compliance with refractive correction and this can be a challenge for a patient population that often has one eye with good acuity without correction. Other barriers for a select population with high anisometropic or ametropic amblyopia include rejection of glasses for various reasons including discomfort, behavioural or sensory problems, postural issues and visually significant aniseikonia. When consistent wear of optical correction proves difficult and patching/atropine remains a major obstacle, surgical correction of refractive error has proven success in achieving vision improvement. Acting as a means to achieve spectacle independence or reducing the overall needed refractive correction, refractive surgery can offer a unique treatment option for this patient population. Laser surgery, phakic intraocular lenses and clear lens exchange are three approaches to altering the refractive state of the eye. Each has documented success in improving vision, particularly in populations where glasses wear has not been possible. Surgical correction of refractive error has a risk profile greater than that of more traditional therapies. However, its use in a specific population offers the opportunity for improving visual acuity in children who otherwise have poor outcomes with glasses and patching/atropine alone.
Effect of anticoagulants and NSAIDs on accuracy of faecal immunochemical tests (FITs) in colorectal cancer screening: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nieuwenburg Stella A V , Vuik Fanny E R , Kruip Marieke J H A , Kuipers Ernst J , Spaander Manon C W 
Published: June 2018

ObjectiveMost colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programmes are nowadays based on faecal immunochemical testing (FIT). Eligible subjects often use oral anticoagulants (OACs) or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which could possibly stimulate bleeding from both benign and premalignant lesions in the colon. The aim of this meta-analysis was to study the effect of OACs and NSAIDs use on FIT performance.DesignA systematic search was conducted until June 2017 to retrieve studies from PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, Web of science, Cochrane Central and Google Scholar. Studies were included when reporting on FIT results in users versus non-users of OACs and/or NSAIDs in average risk CRC screening populations. Primary outcome was positive predictive value for advanced neoplasia (PPVAN) of FIT in relation to OACs/NSAIDs use. Values were obtained by conducting random-effect forest plots.ResultsOur literature search identified 2022 records, of which 8 studies were included. A total of 3563 participants with a positive FIT were included. Use of OACs was associated with a PPVAN of 37.6% (95% CI 33.9 to 41.4) compared with 40.3% (95% CI 38.5 to 42.1) for non-users (p=0.75). Pooled PPVAN in aspirin/NSAID users was 38.2% (95% CI 33.8 to 42.9) compared with 39.4% (95% CI 37.5 to 41.3) for non-users (p=0.59).ConclusionFIT accuracy is not affected by OACs and aspirin/NSAIDs use. Based on the current literature, withdrawal of OACs or NSAIDs before FIT screening is not recommended. Future studies should focus on duration of use, dosage and classes of drugs in association with accuracy of FIT to conduct more specific guideline recommendations.
Stent-assisted coil embolization of anterior communicating artery aneurysms: safety, effectiveness, and risk factors for procedural complications or recanalization
Authors: Choi Hyun Ho , Cho Young Dae , Yoo Dong Hyun , Ahn Sang Jun , Cho Won-Sang , Kang Hyun-Seung , Kim Jeong Eun , Lee Jeong Jun , Moon Jong Hyun , Han Moon Hee 
Published: June 2018

IntroductionStent-assisted coil (SAC) embolization is an alternative treatment option for anterior communicating artery (AcoA) aneurysms. This study was undertaken to assess the safety and effectiveness of SAC embolization in treating AcoA aneurysms and to determine risk factors for related procedural complications or recanalization.MethodsBetween August 2008 and December 2016, 184 patients with AcoA aneurysms were treated with SAC embolization. Cumulative medical record and radiologic data were analyzed using binary logistic regression to identify factors predisposing to procedural complications or recanalization.ResultsContralateral A1 segment hypoplasia was observed in 59 patients (32.1%). Three types of stents (LVIS, Enterprise, and Neuroform) were variably placed by one of two routes: (1) ipsilateral A1 to ipsilateral A2 (75.5%) or (2) ipsilateral A1 to contralateral A2 (24.5%). Procedural complications occurred in 17 patients (thromboembolism 12; procedural leakage 3; both 2), showing a significant relation to subarachnoid hemorrhage at presentation (OR 57.750; P<0.01). Occlusion was documented immediately after embolization in 130 aneurysms (70.6%) and, in 23 (13.1%) of 175 AcoA aneurysms followed by angiography (median 25.9±18.5 months), recanalization developed (minor, 15; major, 8). Stent configuration (ipsilateral A1 to contralateral A2, P=0.024), maximum aneurysm size (>7 mm, P<0.01), and A1 segment hypoplasia (P=0.039) were identified as risk factors for recanalization.ConclusionSAC embolization is a safe and effective method of treating unruptured AcoA aneurysms, regardless of anatomic or clinical features. However, in the event of rupture, procedural complications are likely. Stent configuration, aneurysm size, and A1 segment hypoplasia were identified as significant risk factors for recanalization.
Amino acid digestibility in six sources of meat and bone meal, blood meal, and soybean meal fed to growing pigs
Authors: Navarro D.M.D.L. , Mathai J.K. , Jaworski N.W. , Stein H.H. 
Published: June 2018

Standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AAs) by growing pigs was determined in blood meal and six sources of meat and bone meal (MBM). Eighteen ileal-cannulated barrows (initial body weight: 69.3 ± 4.4 kg) were randomly allotted to a replicated 4 × 9 incomplete Latin square design with four periods and nine diets, giving eight replications per diet. One diet included 33% soybean meal (SBM) as the sole source of AA. Seven diets contained 9% blood meal or 9% of one of the six sources of MBM and 22% SBM as the only AA containing ingredients. The last diet was a nitrogen (N) free diet. Results indicated that the SID of all AAs were different (P < 0.05) among the six sources of MBM, but the SID of lysine (Lys) could not be predicted from the ratio between Lys and crude protein. For some, but not all AAs, the average SID in MBM was greater (P < 0.05) than in blood meal, but for most AAs the SID in MBM was less (P < 0.05) than in SBM. It is concluded that, as is the case for most other co-products, differences in concentration and SID of AAs among sources of MBM exist.
Baxter Operator and Baxter Equation for q-Toda and Toda2 Chains
Authors: Babelon Olivier , Kozlowski Karol K. , Pasquier Vincent 
Published: June 2018

We construct the Baxter operator [Formula: see text] for the [Formula: see text]-Toda chain and the Toda2 chain (the Toda chain in the second Hamiltonian structure). Our construction builds on the relation between the Baxter operator and Bäcklund transformations that were unravelled in [13]. We construct a number of quantum intertwiners ensuring the commutativity of [Formula: see text] with the transfer matrix of the models and of the [Formula: see text]’s between each other. Most importantly, [Formula: see text] is modular invariant in the sense of Faddeev. We derive the Baxter equation for the eigenvalues [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] and show that these are entire functions of [Formula: see text]. This last property will ultimately lead to the quantization of the spectrum for the considered Toda chains, in a subsequent publication [1]. This work is dedicated to the memory of L. D. Faddeev
OPE for XXX
Authors: Di Francesco Philippe , Smirnov Fedor 
Published: June 2018

We explain a new method for finding the correlation functions for the XXX model which is based on the concepts of Operator Product Expansion of Quantum Field Theory on one hand and of fermionic bases for the XXX spin chain on the other. With this method, we are able to perform computations for up to 11 lattice sites. We show that these “experimental” data allow to guess exact formulae for the OPE coefficients. In memory of Ludwig Dmitrievich Faddeev
Spectral Equations for the Modular Oscillator
Authors: Kashaev Rinat M. , Sergeev Sergey M. 
Published: June 2018

Motivated by applications for non-perturbative topological strings in toric Calabi–Yau manifolds, we discuss the spectral problem for a pair of commuting modular conjugate (in the sense of Faddeev) Harper type operators, corresponding to a special case of the quantized mirror curve of local [Formula: see text] and complex values of Planck’s constant. We illustrate our analytical results by numerical calculations. In memory of Ludwig Faddeev
Vacua on the Brink of Decay
Authors: Pimentel Guilherme L. , Polyakov Alexander M. , Tarnopolsky Grigory M. 
Published: June 2018

We consider free massive matter fields in static scalar, electric and gravitational backgrounds. Tuning these backgrounds to the brink of vacuum decay, we identify a term in their effective action that is singular. This singular term is universal, being independent of the features of the background configuration. In the case of gravitational backgrounds, it can be interpreted as a quantum mechanical analog of Choptuik scaling. If the background is tuned slightly above the instability threshold, this singular term gives the leading contribution to the vacuum decay rate. Dedicated to the memory of Ludwig Faddeev
Structural, elastic, electronic and thermodynamic properties of ZrB2 under high-pressure: First-principle study
Authors: Zhang Guo , Zhao Yu-Xin , Zhu Jun , Hao Yan-Jun , Zhang Lin 
Published: June 2018

The structure of ZrB2 under high-pressure was predicted by Particle Swarm Optimization method (CALYPSO). We investigated the structure stability, phonon dispersion curve, elasticity, electronic structure and thermodynamic properties of ZrB2 under high-pressure and high-temperature via first-principles calculations. It maintained the hexagonal structure when the pressure lowers below 600 GPa at 0 K, which is confirmed by the calculated phonon dispersion curve. Studies indicate that the elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio increase monotonically with pressure, as supported by some theoretical and experimental evidences. Calculated anisotropic factors demonstrate that compression and shear isotropy of ZrB2 weakens as the pressure increases. Using the quasi-harmonic approximation Debye model, the Debye temperature, sound velocity, expansion coefficient, thermal capacity under the high-temperature and pressure were also predicted.
Geochemical and temporal provinciality of the magmatism of the eastern Parnaíba Basin, NE Brazil
Authors: Heilbron Monica , Guedes Eliane , Mane Miguel , Valeriano Claudio de Morisson , Tupinambá Miguel , Almeida Júlio , Silva Luiz Guilherme do Eirado , Paschoal Duarte Beatriz , Favera Jorge Carlos Dela , Viana Adriano 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

This paper presents new field, petrographic, geophysical, geochemical and geochronological data for the felsic and mafic magmatism of the eastern Parnaíba Basin, integrating previously published data with new surface data acquired within the scope of the Cooperation Program developed by UERJ-Petrobras. New precise
40
Ar–
39
Ar Cambrian ages (
c.
508–506 Ma) were obtained for the felsic volcanic to subvolcanic rocks associated with intracontinental rift sediments in the São Raimundo Nonato area in the SE of the basin. The new results include the detection of three different basic magmatic pulses at
c.
181, 126 and 118 Ma, related, respectively, to Central Atlantic Magmatic Province magmatism, the Sardinha large igneous province and the break-up period for the equatorial basins. The eastern side of the basin contrasts with the western side and shows a predominance of outcropping sills of Sardinha age. Most of these rocks are quartz tholeiites, but two samples (
c.
118 Ma) are olivine tholeiites. This paper provides the first description of a clear chemical provinciality of the Sardinha tholeiitic magmatism in the eastern Parnaíba Basin, similar to that described in the Paraná Basin. Low-TiO
2
suites, independent of age, occur on the northwestern side of the Senador Pompéu–Coccoci lineament, whereas high-TiO
2
suites, including the Ceará Mirim dyke swarm in the basement to the east, are located SE of this lineament. The duality of geochemical signatures reproduces the basement signatures of the opposite sides of the Senador Pompéu suture zone, suggesting, at least in part, that the composition of the sub-lithospheric continental mantle of these two domains played a part in the development of Cretaceous magmatism in the Parnaíba Basin.

Supplementary material:
Geophysical and geochemical data provided by Petrobras and subsequent analysis. Supplementary material available online at
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4117985
Application of Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging and Histogram Analysis for Assessing Preoperative Stages of Rectal Cancer
Authors: Xie Hui , Wu Guangyao 
Published: June 2018

Objective. To explore the value of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) and histogram analysis for assessing preoperative stages and heterogeneity in rectal cancer. Methods. Fifty patients with pathologically confirmed rectal adenocarcinoma were enrolled. The value of DKI parameters and histogram metrics for assessing the preoperative stages and heterogeneity in rectal cancer was analyzed retrospectively. Results. (1) ADC-10th percentile and ADC-25th percentile were significantly higher in T1-2 than in the T3-4 rectal cancer (the ADC values were 0.65 ± 0.08 × 10−3 mm2/s versus 0.58 ± 0.11 × 10−3 mm2/s and 0.73 ± 0.11 × 10−3 mm2/s versus 0.65 ± 0.11 × 10−3 mm2/s; p values were 0.035 and 0.024, resp.). (2) D-10th percentile and D-25th percentile were also significantly higher in T1-2 than in T3-4 rectal cancer (the D values were 0.96 ± 0.19 × 10−3 mm2/s versus 0.84 ± 0.16 × 10−3 mm2/s and 1.15 ± 0.27 × 10−3 mm2/s versus 0.99 ± 0.18 × 10−3 mm2/s; p values were 0.017 and 0.044, resp.). (3) K value and its histogram metrics showed no statistically significant difference between T1-2 and T3-4. (4) D-10th had the largest area under the curve (AUC 0.799) among all the parameters; the sensitivity and specificity were 84.2 and 61.3%, respectively. (5) DKI combined with traditional MRI had an accuracy of 68% while assessing the lymph node of rectal cancer. Conclusion. DKI parameters and histogram metrics are rather valuable in assessing the preoperative stages of rectal cancer; D-10th percentile exhibits the highest diagnostic efficiency.
Kras and Tp53 Mutations Cause Cholangiocyte- and Hepatocyte-Derived Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Hill Margaret A. , Alexander William B. , Guo Bing , Kato Yasutaka , Patra Krushna , O'Dell Michael R. , McCall Matthew N. , Whitney-Miller Christa L. , Bardeesy Nabeel , Hezel Aram F. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is a primary liver cancer epidemiologically linked with liver injury, which has poorly understood incipient stages and lacks early diagnostics and effective therapies. While iCCA is conventionally thought to arise from the biliary tract, studies have suggested that both hepatocytes and biliary cells (cholangiocytes) may give rise to iCCA. Consistent with the plasticity of these cell lineages, primary liver carcinomas exhibit a phenotypic range from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to iCCA, with intermediates along this spectrum. Here, we generated mouse models to examine the consequence of targeting mutant Kras and Tp53, common alterations in human iCCA, to different adult liver cell types. Selective induction of these mutations in the SOX9+ population, predominantly consisting of mature cholangiocytes, resulted in iCCA emerging from premalignant biliary intraepithelial neoplasia (BilIN). In contrast, adult hepatocytes were relatively refractory to these mutations and formed rare HCC. In this context, injury accelerated hepatocyte-derived tumorigenesis and promoted a phenotypic switch to iCCA. BilIN precursor lesions were absent in the hepatocyte-derived iCCA models, pointing toward distinct and direct emergence of a malignant cholangiocytic phenotype from injured, oncogenically primed hepatocytes. Tp53 loss enhanced the reprogramming of hepatocytes to cholangiocytes, which may represent a mechanism facilitating formation of hepatocyte-derived iCCA. Overall, our work shows iCCA driven by Kras and Tp53 may originate from both mature cholangiocytes and hepatocytes, and factors such as chronic liver injury and underlying genetic mutations determine the path of progression and resulting cancer phenotype.
Significance: The histopathogenesis of biliary tract cancer, driven by Tp53 and Kras mutations, can be differentially impacted by the cell of origin within the mature liver as well by major epidemiologic risk factors. Cancer Res; 78(16); 4445–51. ©2018 AACR.
Oncogenic Properties of NEAT1 in Prostate Cancer Cells Depend on the CDC5L–AGRN Transcriptional Regulation Circuit
Authors: Li Xin , Wang Xianteng , Song Wanlu , Xu Hui , Huang Rongyao , Wang Yuting , Zhao Wenwei , Xiao Zhengtao , Yang Xuerui 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The long noncoding RNA nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) has been shown to regulate multiple cancer-related cellular activities including cell proliferation, apoptosis, and migration. In this study, we confirm that repression of NEAT1 induces DNA damage, disturbs the cell cycle, and arrests the proliferation of prostate cancer cells. By taking advantage of the prostate cancer tumor transcriptome profiles from The Cancer Genome Atlas, our data-mining pipeline identified a series of transcription factors (TF) whose regulatory activities on target genes depended on the level of NEAT1. Among them was putative TF CDC5L, which bound directly to NEAT1. Silencing NEAT1 in prostate cancer cells repressed the transcriptional activity of CDC5L, and RNA-seq and ChIP-seq analyses further revealed a handful of potential targets of CDC5L regulated by NEAT1 expression. One target of CDC5L, ARGN, mediated the strong phenotypic consequences of NEAT1 reduction, including DNA damage, cell-cycle dysregulation, and proliferation arrest. In summary, we have established the requirement of the CDC5L–AGRN circuit for the essential oncogenic role of NEAT1 in prostate cancer cells.
Significance: An integrative methodology uncovers CDC5L–AGRN signaling as critical to the tumor-promoting function of long noncoding RNA NEAT1 in prostate cancer cells. Cancer Res; 78(15); 4138–49. ©2018 AACR.