bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unadorned: An Essay on a Conjugal Spectacle in Postcolonial Zanzibar
Authors: Abusharaf Rogaia Mustafa 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This essay explores the historical, political and cultural lessons of a Shia Khoja diasporic account about the Forced Marriage Act, also known as Ndoa za Karume (NZK), in 1964 post-revolutionary Zanzibar. It examines how the pogroms committed by the Afro-Shirazi government against Arab and Asian communities in this period shaped the narration and transmission of memories of social suffering. In particular, the essay analyzes a work by a Zanzibari Khoja exile in the United Kingdom highlighting the experience of young forced brides. It argues that NZK constituted literal, legal and social harms and thus provides insight into the abuse of women and girls as spoils of war. By engaging with this voice, we gain not only a deeper understanding of a specific historical moment but also a more nuanced understanding of the political context of gendered experience in an island adrift.
Feasibility of high intensity training protocol on body composition and bone mineral density in older individuals with central obesity – a preliminary study
Authors: Gurudut P. , Kumar S. , Hulamani S. , Vaidyanathan K. , Tendulkar N. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Osteoporosis and body composition changes are prevalent musculoskeletal issues contributing to increased risk of frailty in older people. Weight bearing directly influences bone mineral density and body composition. Study aims to determine feasibility of high intensity interval training (HIIT) protocol on body composition parameters and bone mineral density (BMD) in older individuals. Twenty-four participants were randomly allocated to two study groups. The interventional group received supervised HIIT protocol while control group performed non-supervised brisk walking on alternate days over 3 months. Pre- and post-outcome measures were taken at baseline and 3 months which included, BMD using portable densitometer, body composition using a bioelectric impedance analyser, and basic anthropometry. Between group analysis demonstrated the interventional group to be significantly better than control group for all parameters (). In conclusion, HIIT protocol is feasible and effective method in improving body composition parameters and BMD in older individuals.
Clinical Trials Registry-India with CTRI number CTRI/2022/01/039740.
The effect of eight weeks of circuit resistance training on Apo-B/A ratio and inflammatory status of sedentary postmenopausal women
Authors: Shakoor E. , Qassemian A. , Shams S. , Amani-Shalamzari S. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Exercise can be an effective non-pharmacological method to reduce the complications of menopause. This study aimed to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of circuit resistance training (CRT) on the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), apolipoprotein A (Apo-A), Apo-B, and their ratio in sedentary postmenopausal women. Thirty postmenopausal women (age 54 ± 3 years, body mass index 27.6 ± 1.97 kg/m2) without any serious diseases and no hormone therapy volunteered to participate in the research. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups: circuit resistance training (n = 15, CRT) and Control (n = 15) groups. Resistance training was performed for 8 weeks, 3 days a week, including 12 stations for the whole body in 3 sets and 8-12 repetitions. The exercises started at 40% of one repetition maximum (1RM) and gradually reached 75% of 1RM in the last week. Blood samples were taken before and 48 hours after the end of both interventions to measure CRP, ICAM-1, Apo-A-I, and Apo-B. To analyse the data, a two-way analysis of variance test was used. The CRT intervention by reducing Apo-B (−8.9% vs −0.1%; change percentage relative to pre-to-post values in each group) and increasing Apo-A1 (+4.7% vs −0.1%) led to a significant increase in the Apo-B/A ratio (−13.0% vs −0.08%) compared to the Control group. In addition, a substantial decrease in the inflammatory levels of CRP (−21.0% vs +6.3%) and ICAM-1 (−22.7% vs +1.6%) was observed after 8 weeks of CRT compared to the Control group. The observed changes were consistent with a reduction in body mass and an improvement in the waist-hip ratio (WHR). The findings indicated that CRT could reduce the complications of menopause by reducing inflammatory markers and improving the lipid profile.
Development of effective micropropagation protocols for endangered Gentiana lutea and Gentiana boissieri (endemic to Türkiye)
Authors: Demirci Tunahan , Albayrak Ilknur , Deveci Hikmet , Asci Özlem Aras , Baydar Nilgun Gokturk 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Gentiana spp. are ornamental as well as valuable medicinal plants. This research was conducted to investigate the effects of different cytokinin and auxin treatments on shoot propagation and rooting of both G. lutea and G. boissieri, and to establish the most appropriate micropropagation protocols for these species. For this purpose, MS media containing benzyl adenine (BA) (1, 2, 3, and 4 mg/l), zeatin (0.5, 1, 2, and 3 mg/l), and kinetin (0.5, 1, 2, and 3 mg/l) were used for shoot propagation, and the optimal cytokine applications were determined by examining shoot number per explant (SN/E) and shoot length (SL). To determine rooting ability, shoots were transferred to MS media containing indole acetic acid (IAA), indole butyric acid (IBA), and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) at different concentrations (1, 2, 3, and 4 mg/l). The optimum auxin applications for root and plant development were determined by examining the rooting percentage (%, RP), root number per shoot (RN /S), root length (RL), shoot length (SL), and plant fresh weight (FW). As a result of the study, it was found that the media containing 3 mg/l and 2 mg/l BA were the most suitable shoot propagation media for G. lutea and G. boissieri, respectively. The media containing 4 mg/l IBA and 1 mg/l AgNO3 gave the highest rooting and growth parameters for G. lutea, while G. boissieri had the best rooting and growth values in media supplemented with 2 mg/l NAA. In addition, G. boissieri was found to be superior to G. lutea in both shoot propagation and rooting.
Biochemical diversity in Brassica leafy greens and sensory evaluation of its Saag, an Indian cuisine known for its cancer-preventive properties
Authors: Sharma Sanjula , Devi Jomika , Sharma Sonika , Sardana Virender 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Despite the wide consumption of Brassica leaves as Saag in North India during the winter season, there is a notable gap in the information regarding the nutritional profile of the available germplasm resources. This study aims to compare the nutritional value and mineral composition of eleven green leafy Brassica accessions of Indian and exotic origin. A significant variation was recorded in health-promoting compounds among the different accessions. The heat map generated through hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) depicts three promising accessions, namely Chinese Sarson, Saag sarson, and KPT 9, which exhibit rich nutritional and antioxidant properties. Additionally, ascorbic acid and total phenols significantly correlated with the antioxidant activity of Brassica leafy greens. A significant difference in the compositional pattern of key macro-minerals (Ca, Mg, P) and micro-minerals (Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn) was noticed in the accessions. Among the eleven accession studied, GSC 7, Saag Sarson and Kangra Brown Sarson 3 exhibited richness in these elements, making them a suitable source for supplying a sizable portion of our daily mineral requirements. Subsequently, the Saag, an Indian cuisine prepared from the leaves of these accessions was subjected to sensory evaluation. The results showed that Chinese Sarson and Saag sarson received the highest consumer acceptance and were greatly appreciated. The information acquired from this study could serve as a valuable reference for the selection of high-quality leafy Brassica varieties for breeding programs aimed at enhancing nutritional value and broadening the genetic base of this important food crop.
Mind the (Feminine) Gap
Authors: Hoskin Rhea Ashley , Blair Karen L. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The field of femininities has arguably existed for over six decades, but it was not until 2024 that a journal emerged as a home for scholarship in the field. In contrast, the field of masculinities has had a journal since 1998. Likely owing to the greater number of academic structures supporting the field, scholars produce masculinity research at a rate 2.77 times higher than femininity research, and they face negative career consequences when focusing their research on femininity or using methods deemed to be feminine. In this article, we explore the potential reasons for, and consequences of, this ‘feminine gap,’ with a focus on femmephobic processes of knowledge production and the masculinization of expertise. We then introduce the Journal of Femininities as a partial remedy to this gap through its aim to provide a home for femininities scholarship and a reexamination of the world through a feminine lens of inquiry.
Emerging artists in transition
Authors: Cooper Maud 
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this paper is to better understand how emerging artists use information to navigate the transition out of university, using their changing ideas of failure, success, information literacy (IL), and transition to frame the qualitative data.
A literature review is used to frame the current understanding of emerging artists and feed into the creation of the interview questions. Four emerging artists participated to elicit qualitative accounts. Descriptive and process coding was used to analyse the interviews to form the findings.

The findings present how emerging artists use information to shape their criteria for success and failure during the transitional period after leaving art school education. Three core information practices — sharing, feeding, and balancing — were observed within the interviews. With this framing insights into the emerging artists’ past (learning from historic failings) and the future (envisioning future success) begin to be formed. Furthermore, this paper contributes to the knowledge of emerging artists’ information practices, including the impact of their digital media usage and self-referencing as IL.
The study uses the work of other IL scholars with the information practices of emerging artists and frames them through three key ideas: IL, transition, and success and failure. This intersection of study has not been explored previously.
The results will provide direction for information professionals serving emerging artists, and for art educators preparing their students for their careers outside of university. It also deepens the understanding of the field of transition and information practices of new practitioners across fields.
No Prices No Games!
Authors: Richter Michael , Rubinstein Ariel 
Published: November 2024

While current economic theory focuses on prices and games, this book models economic settings where harmony is established through one of the following societal conventions:
• A power relation according to which stronger agents are able to force weaker ones to do things against their will.
• A norm that categorizes actions as permissible or forbidden.
• A status relation over alternatives which limits each agent's choices.
• Systematic biases in agents' preferences.
These four conventions are analysed using simple and mathematically straightforward models, without any pretensions regarding direct applied usefulness. While we do not advocate for the adoption of any of these conventions specifically – we do advocate that when modelling an economic situation, alternative equilibrium notions should be considered, rather than automatically reaching for the familiar approaches of prices or games.
0. Introduction
Authors: Richter Michael , Rubinstein Ariel 
Published: November 2024

The stage on which this book's plots are set is a model called an economy. The model captures situations in which each agent in a society chooses an alternative and there exists a fundamental tension between the agents' personal desires and society-wide feasibility constraints. The chapter includes many examples of economies.
A candidate for an equilibrium includes two components:
(i) A profile of choices - one choice for each agent.
(ii) A specification of certain parameters that systematically influence either agents' choice problems or their preference relations.
In equilibrium, agents make individually optimal choices, and the parameters restrict their choice sets to be compatible, in the sense that the resulting profile of choices is feasible.
We provide an overview of the equilibrium concepts we study in the book. They are classified into two groups. In the choice group, each agent's choice set depends on a price-like equilibrium parameter, but not on the equilibrium profile of choices. In the deviation group, an equilibrium is a profile of choices which is immune to any single agent's deviation from his prescribed alternative to any other alternative in a set determined by the equilibrium parameters.
1. Equilibrium in the Jungle
Authors: Richter Michael , Rubinstein Ariel 
Published: November 2024

The standard economic approach treats economic activity as voluntary: all involved parties do whatever they do of their own free will. However, life is not just a series of voluntary actions. An agent might use power to seize assets from others or to force others to do things against their will. Economic Theory typically ignores the use of power as a driver of social activity.
This chapter follows Piccione and Rubinstein (2007) which introduces a model of a society referred to as the jungle, in which economic transactions are governed only by coercion. The model consists of a set of agents with exogenous preferences over a set of assets and a power ordering of the agents. Power means that a stronger agent is able to take things away from a weaker agent without the weaker agent's consent.
A jungle equilibrium is a feasible allocation of the assets such that no agent wishes to take assets from an agent (or agents) weaker than himself. We will apply versions of the concept to the housing economy (Shapley and Scarf (1974)) and to the division economy. Throughout, we will deal with standard issues, such as: existence, uniqueness and the fundamental theorems of welfare.
3. Status and Indoctrination
Authors: Richter Michael , Rubinstein Ariel 
Published: November 2024

In this chapter, the parameter which brings harmony is a commonly accepted public ordering on the set of alternatives. Its main interpretation is of a status ranking. Society restricts an agent's ability to replace the alternative he has. He can only move “down” to a “less prestigious” one, but not “up”.
The main equilibrium notion is a status equilibrium which is a public ordering and a feasible profile of choices such that no agent strictly prefers any weakly lower-status alternative than the one he is assigned to. As in a market, deviations are purely self-serving and contemplated without regard to feasibility.
We also study a variant, the initial status equilibrium, which operates on a model of an economy that is extended to include an initial profile. In the initial profile, each agent is assigned an alternative which he can always choose and which together with the public ordering determines his choice set. In an initial status equilibrium no agent strictly prefers any weakly lower-status alternative than the one he is assigned to initially.
The equilibrium concepts are discussed in abstract, ``welfare'' theorems are shown, and they are applied to a variety of examples.
5. A Comparison to Game Theory
Authors: Richter Michael , Rubinstein Ariel 
Published: November 2024

In the final chapter, we compare this book's modeling approaches with each other and to those of standard Game Theory on two ``battlegrounds''.
The first is the matching economy. An even-sized population of agents must match into exclusive pairs (pairings). Each agent possesses a preference relation over potential mates.
The standard cooperative game theory solution concept for matching economies is ``pairwise stability''. Following Richter and Rubinstein (2024), we compare this concept with the jungle equilibrium, the Y-equilibrium and the status and initial status equilibrium concepts.
The second battleground is a ``political economy'' situation. A group of agents hold views on a political issue. Each agent chooses a position and has preferences only regarding the position he himself chooses (and not the choices of others). However, there is a need that a majority of agents choose the same position.
Traditionally, such a situation is modeled as a non-cooperative game and its Nash equilibria are calculated. Extending Richter and Rubinstein (2021), we compare this approach with the convex Y-equilibrium and the biased preferences equilibria.
On both battlegrounds, the new approaches lead to very different outcomes than the traditional ones.
Gridded Severe Hail Nowcasting Using 3D U-Nets, Lightning Observations, and the Warn-on-Forecast System
Authors: Schmidt Tobias G. , McGovern Amy , Allen John T. , Potvin Corey K. , Chase Randy J. , Wiley Chad M. , McGovern-Fagg William R. , Flora Montgomery L. , Homeyer Cameron R. , Williams John K. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Hailstorms cause billions of dollars in damage across the United States each year. Part of this cost could be reduced by increasing warning lead times. To contribute to this effort, we developed a nowcasting machine learning model that uses a 3D U-Net to produce gridded severe hail nowcasts for up to 40 min in advance. The three U-Net dimensions uniquely incorporate one temporal and two spatial dimensions. Our predictors consist of a combination of output from the National Severe Storms Laboratory Warn-on-Forecast System (WoFS) numerical weather prediction ensemble and remote sensing observations from Vaisala’s National Lightning Detection Network (NLDN). Ground truth for prediction was derived from the maximum expected size of hail calculated from the gridded NEXRAD WSR-88D radar (GridRad) dataset. Our U-Net was evaluated by comparing its test set performance against rigorous hail nowcasting baselines. These baselines included WoFS ensemble Hail and Cloud Growth Model (HAILCAST) and a logistic regression model trained on WoFS 2–5-km updraft helicity. The 3D U-Net outperformed both these baselines for all forecast period time steps. Its predictions yielded a neighborhood maximum critical success index (max CSI) of ∼0.48 and ∼0.30 at forecast minutes 20 and 40, respectively. These max CSIs exceeded the ensemble HAILCAST max CSIs by as much as ∼0.35. The NLDN observations were found to increase the U-Net performance by more than a factor of 4 at some time steps. This system has shown success when nowcasting hail during complex severe weather events, and if used in an operational environment, may prove valuable.
A Machine Learning Approach to Mitigate Ground Clutter Effects in the GPM Combined Radar–Radiometer Algorithm (CORRA) Precipitation Estimates
Authors: Grecu Mircea , Heymsfield Gerald M. , Nicholls Stephen , Lang Stephen , Olson William S. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this study, a machine learning–based methodology is developed to mitigate the effects of ground clutter on precipitation estimates from the Global Precipitation Measurement Combined Radar–Radiometer Algorithm. Ground clutter can corrupt and obscure the precipitation echo in radar observations, leading to inaccuracies in precipitation estimates. To improve upon previous work, this study introduces a general machine learning (ML) approach that enables a systematic investigation and a better understanding of uncertainties in clutter mitigation. To allow for a less restrictive exploration of conditional relations between precipitation above the lowest clutter-free bin and surface precipitation, reflectivity observations above the clutter are included in a fixed-size set of predictors along with the precipitation type, surface type, and freezing level to estimate surface precipitation rates, and several ML-based estimation methods are investigated. A neural network (NN) model is ultimately identified as the best candidate for systematic evaluations, as it is computationally fast to apply while effective in applications. The NN provides unbiased estimates; however, it does not significantly outperform a simple bias correction approach in reducing random errors in the estimates. The similar performance of other ML approaches suggests that the NN’s limited improvement beyond bias removal is due to indeterminacies in the data rather than limitations in the ML approach itself.

Significance Statement
Ground clutter can obscure and corrupt the precipitation echo in the reflectivity observations by spaceborne radar, leading to inaccuracies and biases in the surface precipitation estimates. In this study, a machine learning approach is developed to mitigate the effects of ground clutter on precipitation estimates from the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Combined Radar–Radiometer Algorithm (CORRA). The approach is shown to be effective in removing the biases associated with the simplest ground clutter mitigation approach and reducing the random errors associated with more complex climatologically based bias-removal approaches.
The Packed Epistaxis Patient: Risks of Rebleeding? A Pilot Study to Inform Outpatient Management of Packed Patients
Authors: Kent Emily , Gundle Leo , Jones Imogen 
Published: November 2024

Objective: Current common practice for patients with idiopathic epistaxis which requires nasal packing is to admit as an in-patient for overnight observation. Anecdotally, many patients do not re-bleed, so admissions may be unnecessary. Several factors have been suggested to be associated with an increased risk of re-bleeding, such as hypertension, anticoagulant use, and male gender. We set out to investigate these factors, to create a local guideline to identify patients who may be safe to discharge with a pack in situ. Methods: We collected the data on the most recent admissions in our department, who each received a non-absorbable nasal pack for idiopathic epistaxis (n = 100). Data points included age, gender, anticoagulation status, and comorbidities. Results: Data from 100 patients were audited. Of those, 13 were found to have re-bled through their packing (13%). Statistically significant predictors of re-bleed were as follows: Male sex (OR = 9.81, P = .048, 95% CI 1.02-94.11), aspirin use (OR = 8.11, P = .047, 95% CI = 1.03-63.79), hypertension (OR = 8.14, P = .040, 95% CI = 1.10-60.26), and age (OR = 0.93, P = .018 95% CI = 0.88-0.99). Conclusion: Re-bleed in patients managed with non-absorbable packing for idiopathic epistaxis is uncommon. Risk factors may include male sex, hypertension, and aspirin use. ENT departments nationally may consider discharging patients’ home with pack in situ, for removal as an outpatient, in the absence of these risk factors.