bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification and characterization of circRNAs in the skin during the wool follicle development of Aohan fine wool sheep
Authors: Zhao Ranran , Liu Nan , Han Fuhui , Li Hegang , Liu Jifeng , Li Lanlan , Wang Guoyi , He Jianning 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Aohan fine wool sheep (AFWS) is an early fine wool variety breed cultivated in China. The wool has excellent quality and good textile performance. Investigating the molecular mechanisms that regulate wool growth is important for improving wool quality and yield. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non-coding RNAs which are widely expressed and can act as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to bind to miRNA. Although circRNA has been studied in many fields, research in sheep wool follicles is limited. To understand the regulation of circRNA in the growth of fine wool sheep, we used RNA-seq to identify circRNAs in sheep shoulder skin at three stages, embryonic day 90 (E90d), embryonic day 120 (E120d), and Birth.Results We identified 8,753circRNAs and found that 1,351 were differentially expressed. We also analyzed the classification and characteristic of the circRNAs in sheep shoulder skin. GO and KEGG were used for source genes of circRNAs, and these were mainly enriched in cellular component organization, regulation of primary metabolic process, tight junctions, and the cGMP-PKG and AMPK signaling pathways. In addition, we predicted interactions between 17 circRNAs and 8 miRNAs using miRanda ( http://www.microrna.org/microrna/home.do ). Based on the significant pathways, we speculate the circ-0005720, circ-0001754, circ-0008036, circ-0004032, circ-0005174, circ-0005519, circ-0007826 may play an important role in regulating wool follicle growth in AFWS. 5 circRNAs were randomly selected to validate the results of the RNA-seq by qRT-PCR.Conclusion Our results provide more information about circRNAs in regulating wool follicle development in AFWS and provide a solid foundation for future experiments.
Low prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in pork from slaughter houses in the central of China
Authors: Su Ruijing , Jiang Nan , Lu Yaoyao , Jian Fuchun , Wang Haiyan , Zhang Gaiping , Zhang Longxian , Yang Yurong 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Toxoplasma gondii is widely distributed and can infect many species of warm-blooded animals , including swine. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of T. gondii infection in pork from the cent er of China. A total of 2 798 samples, including 305 hearts, 2086 diaphragm s , and 4 0 7 sera were collected from Henan Province, China . The modified agglutination test was used to detect antibodies against T. gondii in ser a from jugular vein blood and heart blood (cut-off: 1:25) , diaphragm exudate (cut-off: 1:10) . T. gondii DNA was screened from the digestive juice of all diaphragm tissue samples , and attempt to isolate viable T. gondii strain by bioassay in mice.Results: A total of 9.94% (278/2798) swine showed sera conversion of T. gondii antibodies. Region , but not gender , was associated with T. gondi infection in swine. T. gondii nucleic acid w as not found in the meat digestive juice s ( 2090 swine ) . Three groups of mice showed T. gondii antibodies after having been bioassayed with diaphragm samples (3/81). Unfortunately, no viable T. gondii strain was isolated from pork.Conclusions : This is the first large-scale survey T. gondi infection in pork from central China. Overall, the prevalence of viable T. gondii in pork was extremely low. Nevertheless, T. gondi i infection is present in swine from center China. Consumers could acquire T. gondii infection from ingestion of raw or undercooked pork.
Association of early vertebroplasty with risk of hip replacement: a nationwide population-based cohort study
Authors: Li Chiao-Zhu , Tang Chi-Tun , Chung Chi-Hsiang , Li Chiao-Ching , Ou Chien-Yu , Chen Chun-Lin , Chen Nan-Fu , Hueng Dueng-Yuan , Ma Hsin-I , Liu Ming-Ying , Chen Yuan-Hao , Chien Wu-Chien , Ju Da-Tong 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Studies show that vertebral fractures could predict the risk of hip fractures. We aimed to evaluate the potential benefits of whether the timing of vertebroplasty (VP) for vertebral fracture associated with the risk of hip fracture for hip replacement. Methods We identified 142,782 patients from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database with thoracolumbar vertebral fracture (TLCF) (ICD-9-CM: 805.2-805.9) who were followed up from 2000 to 2013. These patients were divided into those who underwent VP (VP group) (ICD-9-CM: 78.49) within 3 months and those who did not (non-VP group). After adjusting for the confounding factors, the Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to estimate the effect of early VP on reducing the risk of hip fracture. Results In the 14-year follow-up, the cumulative incidence rate of hip replacement in the VP group was lower than that in the non-VP group (0.362% and 0.533%, respectively, long-rank p<0.001). There was a significant difference between the two groups since the first-year follow-up. Conclusion Our study showed that early VP performed to avoid progression of the kyphotic changes following TLCF may reduce the risk of hip fracture. These results, obtained from retrospective data, indicate that a prospective study is warranted.
Prevalence and correlates of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias in rural Uganda: cross-sectional, population-based study
Authors: MUBANGIZI VINCENT , Maling Samuel , Obua Celestino , Tsai Alexander C. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Introduction There is a paucity of data on the prevalence and correlates of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias in sub-Saharan Africa.Objective To estimate the prevalence and correlates of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias in rural Uganda.Methods We conducted a cross-sectional, population-based study in a rural region of southwestern Uganda. The Brief Community Screening Instrument for Dementia was administered to a multi-stage area probability sample of 400 people aged 60 years and over. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate correlates of probable dementia.Results Overall, 80 (20%) of the sample screened positive for dementia. On multivariable regression, we estimated the following correlates of probable dementia: age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.02 per year; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10-1.03, p˂0.001), having some education (AOR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.41-0.81, p=0.001), exercise (AOR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.27-0.72, p=0.001), and having a ventilated kitchen (AOR, 0.43; (95% CI, 0.24-0.77, p=0.001).Conclusion In this population-based sample of older-age adults, nearly one-fifth screened positive for dementia.
A cross-sectional study of the relationships between different components of sarcopenia and brachial ankle pulse wave velocity in community-dwelling elderly
Authors: Rong Yu-Dong , Bian Ai-Lin , Hu Hui-Ying , Ma Yue , Zhou Xin-Zi 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Previous studies have just found skeletal muscle mass decline is associated with arterial stiffness, but it is unclear whether muscle strength and physical performance as important compositions of sarcopenia are associated with arterial stiffness.The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between sarcopenia, the components of sarcopenia and arterial stiffness among elderly in the community.Methods This study enrolled 450 elderly people who received general medical examinations in Tianjin First Central Hospital. Each of the subjects was greater than 65 years old, including 266 male and 184 female subjects. Based on the diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia in older people developed by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS), 89 subjects were separated into the sarcopenia group. The living habits, disease status, general status and laboratory examinations of all subjects were collected. The body composition (including appendicular skeletal muscle mass and visceral fat area (VFA) of each participant) was measured by bioimpedance analysis. HS, usual gait speed (GS), and brachial ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) were measured.Results Sarcopenia subjects had higher baPWV, nutrition risk and lower appendicular skeletal muscle index(ASMI), Handgrip strength(HS), GS, body mass index(BMI), triacylglycerol(TG), serum albumin(ALB) and creatinine(Cr) than did non-sarcopenia subjects; Sarcopenia subjects also had higher visceral fat area (VFA) than did non-sarcopenia subjects (p<0.05). ASMI and HS were negatively correlated with baPWV (t=-5.807, p=0.000 and t=-3.085, p=0.002), but the relationship between baPWV and GS was not statistically significant (t=-0.862, p=0.389) by multivariable linear regression. After adjusting for confounders, a multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that incidence of sarcopenia was related with age, BMI, sports and baPWV in community dwelling elderly.Conclusions ASMI and HS were negatively correlated with baPWV in community dwelling elderly in China; and baPWV was a risk factor for incidence of sarcopenia.
Birth outcomes in a Swedish population of women reporting a history of violence including domestic violence during pregnancy: A longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Finnbogadóttir Hafrún , Baird Kathleen , Thies-Lagergren Li 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Victimisation of women is encountered in all countries across the world, it damages the mental and physical health of women. During pregnancy and the postpartum period, women are at a greater risk of experiencing violence from an intimate partner. The aim of this study was to explore childbirth outcomes in a Swedish population of women reporting a history of violence including domestic violence during pregnancy. Methods: A longitudinal cohort design was utilised. In total 1939 pregnant women ≥ 18 years were recruited to answer two questionnaires, during early and late pregnancy. The available dataset included birth records of 1694 mothers who gave birth between June 2012 and April 2014. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, T-test and bivariate logistic regression. Results: Of 1694 mothers 38.7 % (n = 656) reported a history of violence and 2% (n = 34) also experienced domestic violence during pregnancy. Women who were single, living apart from their partner, were unemployed, had financial distress and were smokers were at a higher risk of experiencing violence (p = 0.001). They also had significant low scores on the SOC-scale and high EDS-scores ≥ 13 (p =0.001) when compared to women without a history of violence (p = 0.001). Having a history of violence increased a woman’s risk of having caesarean section (OR 1.33, 95 % CI 1.02 -1.70). Likewise, a history of emotional abuse, significantly increased the risk of having a caesarean section irrespective of whether it was planned or an emergency caesarean section (OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.09-2.06). Infants born to a mother who reported a history of violence, were at significant risk of being born premature < 37 weeks of gestation compared to infants born by mothers with no history of violence (p = 0,049). Conclusions: A history of violence and exclusively a history of emotional abuse has a negative impact on childbirth outcomes including caesarean section and premature birth. Therefore, early identification of a history of or ongoing violence is crucial to provide women with extra support which may have positive impact on birth outcome.
Revascularization of Acute Stent Thrombosis after Carotid Artery Stenting in a Clopidogrel Resistance Patient
Authors: Wei Wei , Wang Yan , Wang Pian , Zhang Qingbin , Yu Qian , Li Zheng , Peng Wenqi , Tang Yong , Liu Xiaoying 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Carotid artery stenting (CAS) is an alternative strategy to prevent ischemic stroke in patients who are at high risk of surgery compared with carotid endarterectomy (CEA). Acute carotid stent thrombosis (ACST) is an extremely rare but devastating complication after CAS. Theoretically , it occurs within 30 days after CAS . There are several reasons causing ACST, such as inadequate antiplatelet therapy, early discontinuation of antiplatelet therapy, clopidogrel resistance, hypercoagulable state, local vessel dissection, vasospasm, and intimal injury. Although successful recanalization cases have been reported, there is still a lack of experience in the choice of treatment methods and the timing of ACST treatment, especially when the patient has clopidogrel resistance. Here, we report a case with successful revascularization after ACST in a patient with evidenced clopidogrel resistance, which was further confirmed by genetic testing.In this case, both thrombus aspiration and platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonist (GPIs) were used for recanalization. In addition, we review the literature and discuss appropriate treatment strategies for this devastating and rare event.
The Diagnostic Accuracy of an Intelligent and Automated Fundus Disease Image Assessment System with Lesion Quantitative Function (SmartEye) in Diabetic Patients
Authors: XU Yi , WANG Yongyi , LIU Bin , TANG Lin , LV Liangqing , KE Xin , LING Saiguang , LU Lina , ZOU Haidong 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background With the diabetes mellitus (DM) prevalence increasing annually, the human grading of retinal images to evaluate DR has posed a substantial burden worldwide. SmartEye is a recently developed fundus image processing and analysis system with lesion quantification function for DR screening. It is sensitive to the lesion area and can automatically identify the lesion position and size. We reported the diabetic retinopathy (DR) grading results of SmartEye versus ophthalmologists in analyzing images captured with non-mydriatic fundus cameras in community healthcare centers, as well as DR lesion quantitative analysis results on different disease stages. Methods This is a cross-sectional study. All the fundus images were collected from the Shanghai Diabetic Eye Study in Diabetics (SDES) program from Apr 2016 to Aug 2017. 19904 fundus images were acquired from 6013 diabetic patients. The grading results of ophthalmologists and SmartEye are compared. Lesion quantification of several images at different DR stages is also presented. Results The sensitivity for diagnosing no DR, mild NPDR (non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy), moderate NPDR, severe NPDR, PDR (proliferative diabetic retinopathy) are 86.19%, 83.18%, 88.64%, 89.59%, and 85.02%. The specificity are 63.07%, 70.96%, 64.16%, 70.38%, and 74.79%, respectively. The AUC are PDR, 0.80 (0.79, 0.81); severe NPDR, 0.80 (0.79, 0.80); moderate NPDR, 0.77 (0.76, 0.77); and mild NPDR, 0.78 (0.77, 0.79). Lesion quantification results showed that the total hemorrhage area, maximum hemorrhage area, total exudation area, and maximum exudation area increase with DR severity. Conclusions SmartEye has a high diagnostic accuracy in DR screening program using non-mydriatic fundus cameras. SmartEye quantitative analysis may be an innovative and promising method of DR diagnosis and grading.
Correlation and variation of cuff inflating volumes and pressures in different adult models of laryngeal mask airway: a prospective randomized trial
Authors: Ruananukun Narut , Watcharotayangul Jittiya , Jeeranukosol Suchaya , Komonhirun Rojnarin 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background : Hyperinflation of laryngeal mask cuffs may carry the risk of airway complications. The manufacturer recommends inflating cuff until the intracuff pressure reaches 60 cmH 2 O, or inflate with the volume of air to not exceed the maximum recommended volume. We prospectively assessed the correlation of cuff inflating volumes and pressures, and the appropriated the cuff inflating volumes to generate an intracuff pressure of 60 cmH 2 O in the adult laryngeal masks from different manufacturers.
Methods : Two groups of eighty patients requiring laryngeal mask size 3 and 4 during general anesthesia were randomized into 4 subgroups for each size of the laryngeal mask: Soft Seal ® (Portex ® ), AuraOnce TM (Ambu ® ), LMA-Classic TM (Teleflex ® ) and LMA-ProSeal TM (Teleflex ® ). After insertion, the cuff was inflated with 5-ml increments of air up to the maximum recommended volume. After each 5-ml intracuff pressure was measured, the volume of air that generated the intracuff pressure of 60 cmH 2 O was recorded .
Results : Mean(SD) volume of air required to achieve the intracuff pressure of 60 cmH 2 O in Soft Seal ® , AuraOnce TM , LMA-Classic TM , LMA-ProSeal TM laryngeal mask size 3 were 11.80(1.88), 9.20(1.88), 8.95(1.50) and 13.50(2.48) ml, respectively, and these volumes in laryngeal mask size 4 were 14.45(4.12), 12.55(1.85), 11.30(1.95) and 18.20(3.47) ml, respectively. The maximum recommended volume resulted in high intracuff pressures (>60 cmH 2 O) in all laryngeal mask types and sizes studied.
Conclusion : Pressure-volume curves of adult laryngeal masks are all in sigmoidal shape. Cuff designs and materials can effect pressure and volume correlation. Approximately half of the maximum recommended volume is required to achieve the intracuff pressure of 60 cmH 2 O except LMA-ProSeal TM which required two-thirds of the maximum recommended volume.
Trial registration: Thai Clinical Trials Registry, TCTR20150602001, May 28, 2015
A case of hyperventilation leading to apnea and desaturation in PACU
Authors: Thapa Parineeta , Asish Subedi , Anjali Poudel , Pankaj Baral 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Respiratory adverse events are not uncommon in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) following general anesthesia. In this regard, hyperventilation leading to apnea and desaturation is a rare entity. Here we have reported a case of a 15-year-old girl who, following an uneventful general anesthesia, developed severe hyperventilation leading to apnea and desaturation in the PACU.
Case presentation: The 15-year-old girl underwent cortical mastoidectomy under general anesthesia. After a smooth anesthesia and an uneventful early recovery, she developed hyperventilation after about 15 minutes in the PACU. The symptom was severe enough to lead to apnea, desaturation and severe respiratory alkalosis. She required bag and mask ventilation and the symptoms resolved only transiently with propofol sedation. Finally, she responded to intravenous haloperidol and did not have any further episode after receiving haloperidol.
Conclusion: Hyperventilation after a smooth recovery from anesthesia is not a common presentation. In this article we have tried to discuss the possible cause of such symptom in our patient and how we successfully managed this case. We have also proposed an algorithmic approach to diagnose and manage such cases in the PACU.
Exploration of candidate serum biomarkers potentially related to the chronic pain condition in Medication Overuse Headache
Authors: Pellesi Lanfranco , Bellei Elisa , Guerzoni Simona , Cainazzo Maria Michela , Baraldi Carlo , Monari Emanuela , Pini Luigi Alberto 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background
Medication Overuse Headache (MOH) is a prevalent and disabling disorder resulting from the overuse of analgesic drugs, triptans or other acute headache medications. In previous proteomic studies, several proteins have been found at high concentrations in the urine of MOH patients and in the serum of rats with neuropathic pain. The aim of this study was to compare the serum levels of lypocalin-type Prostaglandin D2 synthase (L-PGDS), Vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP), apolipoprotein E (APOE) and apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1) in MOH patients and healthy individuals, further exploring their relationship with cutaneous pain thresholds (CPTs) in the territories innervated by the trigeminal nerve.
Methods
69 MOH patients and 42 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers were enrolled in the study. Von Frey-like filaments were applied to the skin territories innervated by the trigeminal nerve, to determine the CPTs. L-PGDS, VDBP, APOE and APOA1 were quantified in the serum by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Clinical and laboratory data were collected. Comparisons between MOH patients and healthy individuals were performed using independent t test or χ2 test. To correlate serum proteins with CPTs, Pearson correlation coefficient or Spearman's rank correlation coefficient were used.
Results
CPTs were lower among MOH patients. L-PGDS, VDBP and APOE had significantly different serum concentrations between groups (p < 0.01), but no correlation was found with CPTs. APOA1 serum concentrations did not differ between patients and healthy individuals.
Conclusions
L-PGDS, VDBP and APOE had abnormal serum levels in MOH patients, confirming their alteration in some conditions of chronic headache and neuropathic pain. However, they had no relationship with CPTs. The in-depth study of serum proteins represents a promising approach for a better understanding of MOH, as well as the detection of candidate biomarkers for chronic headache or the risks associated with overuse medications.
Human metapneumovirus prevalence and patterns of subgroup persistence identified through surveillance of pediatric pneumonia hospital admissions in coastal Kenya, 2007-2016
Authors: Oketch John W , Kamau Everlyn , Otieno Grieven P , Otieno James R , Agoti Charles N , Nokes James D 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Abstract
Background: Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is an important respiratory pathogen that causes seasonal epidemics of acute respiratory illness and contributes significantly to childhood pneumonia. Current knowledge and understanding on its patterns of spread, prevalence and persistence in communities in low resource settings is limited.
Methods: We present findings of a molecular-epidemiological analysis of nasal samples from children < 5 years of age admitted with syndromic pneumonia between 2007 and 2016 to Kilifi County Hospital, coastal Kenya. HMPV infection was detected using real-time RT-PCR and positives sequenced in the fusion (F) and attachment (G) genes followed by phylogenetic analysis. The association between disease severity and HMPV subgroup was assessed using Fisher's exact test.
Results: Over 10 years, 274/6756 (4.1%) samples screened were HMPV positive. Annual prevalence fluctuated between years ranging 1.2% to 8.7% and lowest in the recent years (2014-2016). HMPV detections were most frequent between October of one year to April of the following year. Genotyping was successful for 205/274 (74.8%) positives revealing clades A2b (41.0%) and A2c (10.7%), and subgroups B1 (23.4%) and B2 (24.9%). The dominance patterns were: clade A2b between 2007-11, subgroup B1 between 2012-14, and clade A2c in more recent epidemics. Subgroup B2 viruses were present in all the years. Temporal phylogenetic clustering within the subgroups for both local and global sequence data was seen. Subgroups occurring in each epidemic season were comprised of multiple variants. Pneumonia severity did not vary by subgroup ( p=0.264 ). In both the F and G gene, the sequenced regions were found to be predominantly under purifying selection.
Conclusion: Subgroup patterns from this rural African setting temporally map with global strain distribution, suggesting a well-mixed global virus transmission pool of HMPV. Persistence in the local community is characterized by repeated introductions of HMPV variants from the global pool. The factors underlying the declining prevalence of HMPV in this population should be investigated.
Key words: Human metapneumovirus, prevalence, subgroup, epidemic, temporal.