bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INCOSE SE Handbook V4 to CMMI V2.0 Development Mapping
Authors: Mondragon Oscar A. , Jasso Rene 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis paper addresses the need for a detailed mapping between INCOSE SE Handbook V4 (Handbook) and CMMI V2.0 Development (CMMI‐DEV). CMMI‐DEV was released in March 2018. The Handbook and CMMI‐DEV are good references for Systems Engineering practitioners. Learning both of them enhances practitioner knowledge and provides complementary points of view for similar Systems Engineering concepts. This paper includes both high‐level mapping, depicting the structure of Handbook and CMMI‐DEV, and detailed mapping, depicting for each process activity in the Handbook all associated CMMI‐DEV practices. Moreover, the detailed mapping provides percentage of coverage for each activity and its entire process. The paper addresses the target audience; the methodology followed to create both levels of the mappings; amount of commonality between Handbook process activities and the CMMI‐DEV practices; percentage of coverage analysis at the process and process group level in the Handbook; and overall results.
A Model‐Based V&V Test Strategy Based on Emerging System Modeling Techniques
Authors: Wang Gan , Pavalkis Saulius 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis paper describes a two‐stage, model‐based system testing approach to manage engineering changes on the established design baseline in the SysML based system model environment by leveraging standard‐based model execution and simulation. The technical baseline established in SysML is extended to PLM and the test domain through RFLP‐T architecture traceability. Using a real project Virtual Factory™, this paper demonstrates the application of model‐based testing to the early verification and validation (V&V) of system requirements and functionalities and to developing integrated system testing by reusing and expanding the test cases to interface with external, manual‐based test procedures during the final system test phase.
Towards a Model‐Based approach to Systems and Cyber Security co‐engineering
Authors: Navas Juan , Voirin Jean-Luc , Paul Stephane , Bonnet Stephane 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAs cybersecurity threats multiply and global public opinion becomes aware of the potential consequences of cybersecurity attacks, customers become more demanding with regard to the proper addressing of cybersecurity concerns in the systems they acquire. As a consequence, systems providers should consider such concerns early in the development life‐cycle of their solutions. This paper presents how a model‐based approach can contribute to an effective co‐engineering effort between cybersecurity and systems engineering during the definition of the system architecture.
Transitioning from technical 2D drawings to 3D models: a case study at defense systems
Authors: Sandberg Martin , Kokkula Satyanarayana , Muller Gerrit 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCompanies in the defense and aerospace industry are experiencing long time‐to‐market and high costs related to the development of new systems. Companies use traditional design elements such as technical 2D drawings and manual work along the development chain. Owing to today's software capabilities, a change to more automated processes is possible, where the use of 3D models as governing documents through the entire development process holds a natural part.This paper studies a 3D model‐based definition (MBD) approach to the design development work at Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace. Using a pilot project, we researched the current design processes and the effect an MBD approach would have. We found that an MBD approach would reduce the time‐to‐market and cost, since it eliminates the need for a technical 2D drawing and streamlines the development work. In addition, it reduces project risk by enabling early validation of the design.
Systems Theoretic Process Analysis for Layers of System Safety
Authors: Hegde Rashmi , Yako Sarra , Post Kyle , Nuesch Sandro 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe move toward autonomous vehicles (AV) and mobility services extends the scope of traditional vehicle systems to include a much broader system definition. Questions often arise on how to identify a practical level of system hierarchy for the analysis. System Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) is a hazard analysis technique that can be used to handle emergent properties of large, organized systems. However, STPA lacks the degree of formalization required to implement it successfully in a fast‐paced industrial environment. This paper introduces a framework to apply top‐down STPA on complex systems at multiple levels of decomposition and abstraction. In particular, we leverage the hierarchy within the system of interest (SOI) in tandem with STPA and proactively analyze complex dynamic processes that could potentially lead to accidents. This leads to multi‐level hierarchical progression of STPA on SOIs, in addition to analyzing each system element at different abstraction levels. The outcome of the analysis is a set of requirements for safety, cybersecurity, performance and business needs. The paper also provides guidelines on using these derived requirements to steer the system design. We demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed methodology by applying it to an AV ride‐sharing ecosystem.
The challenges in implementing future interoperable joint C4ISR systems
Authors: OZTURK Ali , DURMUS Suna , UZUMCU Serdar 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe unprecedented scale of ultra large scale (ULS) systems spans into various dimensions like lines of code, amount of information processed, number of interdependent hardware and computational components, number of people involved etc. The characteristics of ULS systems due to their scale pose different challenges which could only be addressed by a multi‐disciplinary research rather than the traditional software engineering approaches. In this paper, we focused on proposing solutions against challenges in implementing the future interoperable joint Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (C4ISR) systems. For this purpose, we examined the main research topics to address the challenges in ULS systems. We discussed two main capabilities to enable the vision of future interoperable joint C4ISR. One of these capabilities is the effective and secure use of information across components of the system, while the other one is real‐time fusion of the available information with the local context.
Upregulation of FSHR and PCNA by administration of coenzyme Q10 on cyclophosphamide‐induced premature ovarian failure in a mouse model
Authors: Delkhosh Aref , Delashoub Masoud , Tehrani Ali Asghar , Bahrami Ali Mohammad , Niazi Vahid , Shoorei Hamed , Banimohammad Majid , Kalarestaghi Hossein , Shokoohi Majid , Agabalazadeh Amin , Mohaqiq Mahdi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCyclophosphamide (CTX) has been broadly used in the clinic for the treatment of autoimmune disorders and ovarian cancer. The process of chemotherapy has significant toxicity in the reproductive system as it has detrimental effects on folliculogenesis, which leads to an irreversible premature ovarian failure (POF). Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) has positive impacts on the reproductive system due to its antioxidant properties, protecting the cells from free‐radical oxidative damage and apoptosis. However, little is known about the possible synergistic effect of CTX and CoQ10 on the expression of genes involved in folliculogenesis, such as proliferation cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and follicle‐stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR). A total of 32 NMRI mice were applied and divided into four groups, including healthy control, CTX, CTX + CoQ10, and CoQ10 groups. The effects of CoQ10 on CTX‐induced ovarian injury and folliculogenesis were examined by histopathological and real‐time quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction analyses. The rates of fertilization (in vitro fertilization), embryo development, as well as the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in metaphase II (MII) mouse oocytes after PMSG/HCC treatment were also assessed. Results showed that the treatment with CTX decreased the mRNA expression of PCNA and FSHR, IVF rate, and embryo development whereas the application of CoQ10 successfully reversed those factors. CoQ10 administration significantly enhanced histological morphology and decreased ROS levels and the number of atretic follicles in the ovary of CTX‐treated mice. In conclusion, it seems that the protective effect of CoQ10 is exerted via the antioxidant and proliferative properties of this substance on CTX‐induced ovarian damage.
Excess postexercise oxygen consumption decreases with swimming duration in a labriform fish: Integrating aerobic and anaerobic metabolism across time
Authors: Cordero Gerardo A. , Methling Caroline , Tirsgaard Bjørn , Steffensen John F. , Domenici Paolo , Svendsen Jon C. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMany vertebrate animals employ anaerobic pathways during high‐speed exercise, even if it imposes an energetic cost during postexercise recovery, expressed as excess postexercise oxygen consumption (EPOC). In ectotherms such a fish, the initial anaerobic contribution to exercise is often substantial. Even so, fish may recover from anaerobic pathways as swimming exercise ensues and aerobic metabolism stabilizes, thus total energetic costs of exercise could depend on swimming duration and subsequent physiological recovery. To test this hypothesis, we examined EPOC in striped surfperch (Embiotoca lateralis) that swam at high speeds (3.25 L s−1) during randomly ordered 2‐, 5‐, 10‐, and 20‐min exercise periods. We found that EPOC was highest after the 2‐min period (20.9 mg O2 kg−1) and lowest after the 20‐min period (13.6 mg O2 kg−1), indicating that recovery from anaerobic pathways improved with exercise duration. Remarkably, EPOC for the 2‐min period accounted for 72% of the total O2 consumption, whereas EPOC for the 20‐min period only accounted for 14%. Thus, the data revealed a striking decline in the total cost of transport from 0.772 to 0.226 mg O2·kg−1·m−1 during 2‐ and 20‐min periods, respectively. Our study is the first to combine anaerobic and aerobic swimming costs to demonstrate an effect of swimming duration on EPOC in fish. Clarifying the dynamic nature of exercise‐related costs is relevant to extrapolating laboratory findings to animals in the wild.
Posterior Pelvic Tilt From Supine to Standing in Patients With Symptomatic Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip
Authors: Tani Tetsuro , Takao Masaki , Uemura Keisuke , Otake Yoshito , Hamada Hidetoshi , Ando Wataru , Sato Yoshinobu , Sugano Nobuhiko 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTPelvic sagittal inclination (PSI) significantly affects the femoral head coverage by the acetabulum in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), while no reports have quantified PSI in DDH patients in the supine and standing positions. Furthermore, little is known about how PSI changes after periacetabular osteotomies. Herein, PSI in the supine and standing positions was quantified in DDH patients preoperatively and postoperatively. Twenty‐five patients with DDH who had undergone periacetabular osteotomies were analyzed. The preoperative PSI and the PSI 2 years after surgery were measured in the supine and standing positions using the image registration technique between radiographs and computed tomographic images. The percentage of patients who showed PSI changes of more than 10° from the supine to the standing position was quantified. PSI changed 8.2 ± 5.0° posteriorly from the supine to the standing position during the preoperative period. Posterior pelvic tilt of more than 10° was found in nine cases (36%). Two years after periacetabular osteotomies, the postural PSI change was 7.1 ± 3.9° posteriorly. When the preoperative and postoperative PSI values were compared, PSI in the standing position did not differ (p = 0.20). Similarly, the amount of PSI change from the supine to standing position was not significantly different (p = 0.26). In conclusion, posterior pelvic tilt in the standing position was found preoperatively in symptomatic DDH patients, and it remained for 2 years after periacetabular osteotomies. This postural change in PSI does not seem to influence the outcome of periacetabular osteotomy. However, during preoperative planning, surgeons should recognize that acetabular anteversion or anterior acetabular coverage differs between the supine and standing positions in some patients with DDH. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 38:578–587, 2020
Determination of vitamin A in blood serum based on solid‐phase extraction using cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide‐modified attapulgite
Authors: Xuan Rongrong , Wang Tingting , Hou Chunyan , Li Xie , Li Ying , Chen Yihui , Gao Yajie , Qiu Dan , Xiao Xunwen , Zhang Lihua , Zhang Yukui 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide‐modified attapulgite was prepared and utilized as a novel sorbent in a simple solid‐phase extraction method for the determination of vitamin A in blood serum. Several factors affecting extraction efficiency were systematically optimized, including the sampling solvent and its volume, as well as the elution solvent and its volume. Under the optimal solid‐phase extraction conditions, the adsorption capacity of vitamin A was as high as 28 mg/g according to the Langmuir isotherm model. Based on the developed solid‐phase extraction method, the level of vitamin A in 200 µL blood serum sample could be accurately determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography. The recoveries of vitamin A spiked in 10% v/v methanol aqueous solutions were in the range of 86.9–92.8%, with the relative standard deviations not more than 8.1%. The method was applied to the determination of vitamin A in serum samples from 20 pregnant women. Compared with the previously reported solid‐phase extraction methods for determination of vitamin A in serum, our developed cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide‐modified attapulgite‐based solid‐phase extraction method used lower serum volume, omitted extra steps (i.e. evaporation and re‐dissolution), and eliminated internal standard. The results were promising for it to be used in routine monitoring during pregnancy.
Association between APOE polymorphisms and lipid profile in Mexican Amerindian population
Authors: Martínez‐Magaña José J. , Genis‐Mendoza Alma D. , Tovilla‐Zarate Carlos A. , González‐Castro Thelma B. , Juárez-Rojop Isela Esther , Hernández‐Díaz Yazmín , Martinez‐Hernandez Angélica G. , Garcia‐Ortíz Humberto , Orozco Lorena , López‐Narvaez María L. , Nicolini Humberto 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundApolipoprotein E (ApoE) is a glycoprotein that plays an important role in lipid homeostasis at both cerebral and systemic levels. Moreover, the differential distribution of APOE gene alleles among different populations, means that ApoE isoforms could have different effects on lipids metabolism. The present study aims to evaluate the relationship between APOE gene alleles and the lipid profile in a Mexican Amerindian (MA) population.MethodsThis study included 1997 MA individuals of different ethnicities distributed throughout different states of Mexico. All individuals underwent anthropometric measurements as well as laboratory tests including fasting glucose (FG), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C). TaqMan® probe genotyping assays were used to genotype APOE. The Kruskal–Wallis test was performed to determine the correlation between APOE gene alleles and genotypes and the biochemical variables measured.ResultsAmong the biochemical variables analyzed, only the HDL‐C and LDL‐C levels showed statistical differences (p‐value < .05) between individuals carrying different APOE alleles. For HDL‐C, individuals carrying the E2 allele had higher HDL‐C levels, followed by individuals carrying the E3 allele and carriers of the E4 allele presented the lowest levels of HDL‐C (E2 > E3 > E4). This relationship was inversed for LDL‐C levels (E2 < E3 < E4). Nevertheless, the difference of HDL‐C levels between APOE‐E3 and APOE‐E4 carriers remained only in obese individuals.ConclusionsOur results suggest that APOE gene genotypes play an important role in the differential modulation of lipid profiles in the MA population with obesity.
Taking HDR Cinema Mainstream
Authors: Ballestad Anders , Boitard Ronan , Damberg Gerwin , Stojmenovik Goran 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCinematic display solutions still lag behind consumer display technologies in terms of brightness and contrast, but new improvements could help them catch up. In this article, the second of a two‐part series, we explore challenges that must be addressed and potential solutions that could be incorporated to enable a mainstream rollout of HDR in cinema.
Factors associated with subsequent diabetes‐related self‐care activities: The role of social support and optimism
Authors: Zhao FangFang , Suhonen Riitta , Katajisto Jouko , Leino‐Kilpi Helena 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAimThis study aimed to explore how social support (external factor), optimism (internal factor) and their interaction associated with diabetes‐related self‐care activities (DRSCA) over 3 months among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).DesignBoth questionnaire‐based and telephone‐based survey were used. The data were collected face to face, the first time by questionnaire and the second time by telephone.MethodsOne hundred and fifty‐five patients completed valid survey questionnaires (response rate was about 70% in the first and 62% in the second round). The association of social support and optimism with subsequent DRSCA was examined after adjusting for demographics and disease information.ResultsBased on results, optimism was significantly associated with subsequent DRSCA. In the dimensions of social support, objective social support and support use were significantly associated with subsequent DRSCA. The results showed that the mediation of optimism between the dimensions of social support and DRSCA was not significant after controlling for covariates. The results also indicated that social support and optimism played directly an important role in improving diabetes‐related self‐care activities.
Investigation of Photocatalytic Activity of Anchored Dysprosium and Praseodymium Complexes on CoFe2O4 in Synthesis of Pyrano[2,3‐d]pyrimidine Derivatives
Authors: Daraie Mansoureh , Heravi Majid M. , Tamoradi Taiebeh 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTwo hitherto unknown magnetic nanoparticles were prepared through the immobilization of Dysprosium (Dy) and Praseodymium (Pr) Complexes on the surface of CoFe2O4, using commercially available or easily accessible materials under green conditions. They were fully characterized, using, FT‐IR, SEM, EDX, ICP‐OES, XRD and TGA techniques. Photocatalytic activity of these nanocomposites were successfully examined in the high yielding synthesis of pyrano[2,3‐d]pyrimidines, via MCR, involving, barbituric acid, malononitrile and differently substituted benzaldehydes in the UV region (250 nm) at room temperature. The above‐mentioned photocatalysts showed excellent recoverability and reusability under the optimal reaction conditions.
Evaluation of carboxymethylpullulan‐AlCl3 as a coagulant for water treatment: A case study with kaolin
Authors: Chao Hong‐Jun , Zhang Xinran , Wang Wenqi , Li Daosheng , Ren Yongzheng , Kang Jianxiong , Liu Dongqi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA reduction in the use of aluminum (Al)‐based flocculants in the treatment of drinking water is considered essential for human health reasons. In this study, a novel composite flocculant, made of carboxymethylpullulan‐AlCl3, is evaluated in a lab‐scale, jar test system for the flocculation of kaolin. The results showed that the coagulation efficiency of carboxymethylpullulan‐AlCl3 was more effective in reducing turbidity than the solo use of carboxymethylpullulan or AlCl3. The optimum treatment conditions assessed by a response surface methodology were obtained at pH 6.50, 13.03 mg/L carboxymethylpullulan, and 94.87 mg/L AlCl3. Zeta potential measurements and photometric dispersion analysis demonstrated that AlCl3 had a more significant influence on charge neutralization than carboxymethylpullulan, whilst carboxymethylpullulan facilitated absorption and the development of particle bridges. Thus, the composite flocculant possessed both advantages that enhanced flocculation, and decreased the dosage of AlCl3, thereby reducing the potential for secondary environment pollution. When 90 mg/L carboxymethylpullulan‐AlCl3 was added to the model kaolin suspension characterized by a turbidity of 50 nephelometric turbidity units, the zeta potential and the maximum flocculating activity were determined as −2.28 mV and 98.0%, respectively. The results provide insight into the development of an environment‐friendly composite flocculant prepared from water‐dissolved polysaccharide and inorganic flocculants.Practitioner points

A novel composite flocculant CMP‐AlCl3 was achieved by combining CMP and AlCl3 for water treatment.

The coagulation efficiency of CMP‐AlCl3 was more effective in reducing turbidity than the solo use of CMP or AlCl3.

The flocculation efficiency and mechanism were investigated by Zeta potential analysis, surface morphology, electron microscopy, and coagulation.
Multiple regression models and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) as prediction tools of changes in overall quality during the storage of spreadable processed Gouda cheese
Authors: Stangierski J. , Weiss D. , Kaczmarek A. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The aim of the study was to compare the ability of multiple linear regression (MLR) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to predict the overall quality of spreadable Gouda cheese during storage at 8 °C, 20 °C and 30 °C. The ANN used five factors selected by Principal Component Analysis, which was used as input data for the ANN calculation. The datasets were divided into three subsets: a training set, a validation set, and a test set. The multiple regression models were highly significant with high determination coefficients: R2 = 0.99, 0.87 and 0.87 for 8, 20 and 30 °C, respectively, which made them a useful tool to predict quality deterioration. Simultaneously, the artificial neural networks models with determination coefficient of R2 = 0.99, 0.96 and 0.96 for 8, 20 and 30 °C, respectively were built. The models based on ANNs with higher values of determination coefficients and lower RMSE values proved to be more accurate. The best fit of the model to the experimental data was found for processed cheese stored at 8 °C.
Thirdhand smoke: Genotoxicity and carcinogenic potential
Authors: Hang Bo , Wang Pin , Zhao Yue , Chang Hang , Mao Jian‐Hua , Snijders Antoine M. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThirdhand smoke (THS), the residual tobacco smoke remaining in the environment after tobacco has been smoked, represents a hidden and underestimated public health hazard. Evidence supports its widespread presence in indoor environments. Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS), a precursor of THS, has been well documented as a risk factor for human cancers, especially lung cancer. However, the concept of THS as a distinct entity that poses health risks for small children has developed only recently and the associations of THS with cancer risk and other chronic diseases are poorly understood due to limited numbers of studies to date. In this perspective, we mainly summarize all published studies on the genotoxicity and carcinogenic potential of THS exposure. These studies begin to fill the knowledge gap in our understanding of cancer risk of THS. Accumulating data from existing and future studies will help reduce the tobacco‐related cancer incidence through changes in lifestyle and tobacco control policies.