bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deregulation of Ikaros expression in B-1 cells: New insights in the malignant transformation to chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: de Oliveira Vivian Cristina , de Lacerda Marcelo Pitombeira , Moraes Bárbara Bomfim Muniz , Gomes Caio Perez , Maricato Juliana Terzi , Souza Olivia Fonseca , Schenkman Sergio , Pesquero João Bosco , Moretti Nilmar Silvio , Rodrigues Celso Arrais , Popi Ana Flavia 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a chronic form of leukemia that originates from an abnormal expansion of CD5+B-1 cells. Deregulation in the BCR signaling is associated with B-cell transformation. Contrariwise to B-2 cells, BCR engagement in B-1 cells results in low proliferation rate and increased apoptosis population, whereas overactivation may be associated with lymphoproliferative disorders. It has been demonstrated that several transcription factors that are involved in the B cell development play a role in the regulation of BCR function. Among them, Ikaros is considered an essential regulator of lymphoid differentiation and activation. Several reports suggest that Ikaros expression is deregulated in different forms of leukemia. Herein, we demonstrated that CLL cells show decreased Ikaros expression and abnormal cytoplasmic cell localization. These alterations were also observed in radioresistant B-1 cells, which present high proliferative activity, suggesting that abnormal localization of Ikaros could determine its loss of function. Furthermore, Ikaros knockdown increased the expression of BCR pathway components in murine B-1 cells, such as Lyn, Blnk, and CD19. Additionally, in the absence of Ikaros, B-1 cells become responsive to BCR stimulus, increasing cell proliferation even in the absence of antigen stimulation. These results suggested that Ikaros is an important controller of B-1 cell proliferation by interfering with the BCR activity. Therefore, altered Ikaros expression in CLL or radioresistant B-1 cells could determine a responsive status of BCR to self-antigens, which would culminate in the clonal expansion of B-1 cells.
3D eddy currents computation by BEM using the modified magnetic vector potential and the reduced magnetic scalar potential
Authors: Phan Quang‐Anh , Meunier Gerard , Chadebec Olivier , Guichon Jean‐Michel , Bannwarth Bertrand 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA new boundary element method (BEM) formulation has been developed for the computation of 3D eddy currents in both magnetic and conductive regions. The modified magnetic vector potential A∗ in the active regions and the reduced magnetic scalar potential φ in the air are used as unknown variables. The formulation is limited to low‐frequency magneto‐harmonic problems associated to linear, homogeneous, isotropic, and simply‐connected regions. In such a configuration, it leads to accurate results with a reduced number of degrees of freedom located on a surface mesh delimiting the air/material interface.
Effects of Abnormal Muscle Forces on Prenatal Joint Morphogenesis in Mice
Authors: Sotiriou Vivien , Rolfe Rebecca A. , Murphy Paula , Nowlan Niamh C. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTFetal movements are essential for normal development of the human skeleton. When fetal movements are reduced or restricted, infants are at higher risk of developmental dysplasia of the hip and arthrogryposis (multiple joint contractures). Joint shape abnormalities have been reported in mouse models with abnormal or absent musculature, but the effects on joint shape in such models have not been quantified or characterized in detail. In this study, embryonic mouse forelimbs and hindlimbs at a single developmental stage (Theiler Stage 23) with normal, reduced, or absent muscle were imaged in three‐dimensions. Skeletal rudiments were virtually segmented and rigid image registration was used to reliably align rudiments with each other, enabling repeatable assessment and measurement of joint shape differences between normal, reduced‐muscle and absent‐muscle groups. We demonstrate qualitatively and quantitatively that joint shapes are differentially affected by a lack of, or reduction in, skeletal muscle, with the elbow joint being the most affected of the major limb joints. Surprisingly, the effects of reduced muscle were often more pronounced than those of absent skeletal muscle, indicating a complex relationship between muscle mass and joint morphogenesis. These findings have relevance for human developmental disorders of the skeleton in which abnormal fetal movements are implicated, particularly developmental dysplasia of the hip and arthrogryposis. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:2287–2296, 2019
Coccolithophore responses to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation in the East China Sea region of the Northwest Pacific from ad 1901 to 2013
Authors: Yang Shu , Yuan Mingli , Yang Qian , Huang Jiansheng , Sun Mengran , Sun Jun , Qu Keming , Sun Yao 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTA high‐resolution study of coccolithophores in a sediment core from the East China Sea (ECS) region of the Northwest Pacific revealed that fluctuations in coccolithophore assemblages responded well to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) during 1901–2013. Emiliania huxleyi and Gephyrocapsa oceanica were the most dominant species, accounting for more than 97% of all the ten detected species. The variation of the two dominant species showed a significant positive correlation, and they both increased during peak values of the PDO. Decreased stratification and increased nutrient supplementation from the bottom water induced by lower sea surface temperatures in the ECS, which were associated with high PDO values, were responsible for the dominant coccolithophore increase. Similarly, the increase of Calcidiscus leptoporus also corresponded to low‐temperature and high‐nutrient conditions associated with the cold phase in the ECS (positive phase of the PDO). The responses of decadal C. leptoporus variations to changes in cold and warm phases of the PDO in the Northwest and Northeast Pacific indicate that C. leptoporus preserved in sediment cores represents a potential indicator for reconstructing phase changes of the PDO during ancient times.
Lymphadenectomy during pulmonary metastasectomy: Impact on survival and recurrence
Authors: Londero Francesco , Morelli Angelo , Parise Orlando , Grossi William , Crestale Sara , Tetta Cecilia , Johnson Daniel M. , Livi Ugolino , Maessen Jos G. , Gelsomino Sandro 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackground and Objectives: Lymphadenectomy during pulmonary metastasectomy (PM) is widely carried out. We assessed the potential benefit on patient survival and tumor recurrence of this practice.Methods: One hundred eighty‐one patients undergoing a first PM were studied. Eighty‐six patients (47.5%) underwent lymphadenectomy (L+ group) whereas 95 (52.5%) did not undergo nodal harvesting (L−group). Main outcomes were overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS). Median follow‐up was 25 months (interquartile range [IQR], 13‐49).Results: At follow‐up 84 patients (46.4%) died, whereas 97 (53.6%) were still alive with recurrence in 78 patients (43%). There was no difference in 5‐year survival (L+ 30.0% vs L− 43.2%; P = .87) or in the 5‐year cumulative incidence of recurrence (L + 63.2% vs L−80%; P = .07) between the two groups. Multivariable analysis indicated that disease‐free interval (DFI) less than 29 months (P < .001) and lung comorbidities (P = .003) were significant predictors of death. Metastases from non‐small–cell lung cancer increased the risk of lung comorbidities by a factor of 19.8, whereas the risk of DFI less than 29 months was increased nearly 11‐fold. Competing risk regression identified multiple metastases (P = .004), head/neck primary tumor (P = .009), and age less than 67 years (P = .024) as independent risk factors for recurrence.Conclusion: Associated lymphadenectomy showed not to give any additional advantage in terms of survival and recurrence after PM.
Pain and opioid prescriptions vary by procedure after breast surgery
Authors: Murphy Brittany L. , Thiels Cornelius A. , Hanson Kristine T. , McLaughlin Sarah , Jakub James W. , Gray Richard J. , Ubl Daniel S. , Habermann Elizabeth B. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundWith the opioid epidemic in the United States, evaluating opioid prescribing patterns is essential. We evaluated opioids prescribed at discharge following breast surgery and their association with patient factors and pain scores.MethodsWe retrospectively identified adult patients who underwent a mastectomy for cancer at Mayo Clinic sites from January 2010 to December 2016. Pain scores and prescription data were compared across operations and patient factors by univariate and multivariable analyses.ResultsOf 4021 patients, 3782 (94.1%) received an opioid prescription. Median oral milligram morphine equivalents (MME) were similar across all site‐specific procedure groups (medians ranging from 225 to 375) while pain scores ranged from 1 to 4. Patients undergoing bilateral mastectomy (BM) and immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) reported the greatest pain scores. Pain scores did not vary with age or diagnosis for patients undergoing unilateral mastectomy or BM with lymph node surgery and IBR procedures.On multivariable analysis, variables associated with a MME discharge prescription >Q4 values included age, body mass index, site, year, inpatient status, and pain before discharge >3.ConclusionPatient‐reported pain following breast surgery varied by procedure, while MMEs prescribed remained similar. This suggests current opioid prescribing does not reflect intensity of pain and requires further research to optimize discharge opioid prescribing practices.
Woodpecker nest survival, density, and a pine beetle outbreak
Authors: Saab Victoria A. , Latif Quresh S. , Dresser Matthew A. , Dudley Jonathan G. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTMountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) outbreaks in western North American coniferous forests are increasing in size and severity. An understanding of wildlife population responses to pine beetle outbreaks is needed to inform habitat conservation strategies. We monitored 355 nests of 5 woodpecker species during 2 sampling periods, before (2003–2006) and after (2009–2014) the peak of a pine beetle outbreak in dry mixed conifer forest of Montana, USA. Three of 5 woodpecker species represented the beetle‐foraging group: American three‐toed (Picoides dorsalis), hairy (Dryobates villosus), and downy (D. pubescens) woodpeckers. The other 2 species studied were northern flicker (Colaptes auratus), a foraging and habitat generalist, and red‐naped sapsucker (Sphyrapicus nuchalis), a sap forager and bark‐gleaning insectivore. We analyzed daily survival rate of nests in relation to pine beetle outbreak (445,000 ha) severity and timing, along with covariates unrelated to the outbreak (temp, nest height, and nest tree diameter). Our results provided stronger evidence for relationships between woodpecker nest survival and the non‐outbreak variables than those associated with outbreaks. Our results indicated limited support for nest survival relationships with beetle severity (annual and cumulative pine tree mortality at 0.81‐ha and 314‐ha scales). Nevertheless, we observed a significant increase in densities of hatched nests for beetle‐foraging woodpeckers following the outbreak. Our results suggest that woodpeckers, particularly beetle foragers, respond numerically to pine beetle outbreaks through increased nesting densities more so than functionally via nest survival. © 2019 The Authors.Journal of Wildlife ManagementPublished by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of The Wildlife Society.
Solar photovoltaic panels significantly promote vegetation recovery by modifying the soil surface microhabitats in an arid sandy ecosystem
Authors: Liu Yu , Zhang Rui‐Qi , Huang Ze , Cheng Zhen , López‐Vicente Manuel , Ma Xiao‐Rong , Wu Gao‐Lin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe arid sandy areas have great potential for producing solar power, and a large number of solar photovoltaic (PV) power (SPP) stations have been set‐up in these regions across the world. Construction of SPP at large scale certainly changes the land surface with consequences on the local ecosystem. However, few studies have focused on these impacts. This study explored the influence of SPP on vegetation by modifying microhabitats. The soil water content (SWC), evaporation, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), soil and air temperature (AT), vegetation coverage, biomass, and species richness were measured under different positions of the SPP and outside. The results showed that SWC in the station was much higher than that observed outside the SPP, and the evaporation in the SPP was lower than outside (P < .05). The PAR below the PV panel line zone is much lower than the interval (IT) zone. The surface coverage, biomass, and species richness were significantly higher in the SPP than outside the IT zone and outside the SPP (P < .05). The AT under the panel was 1.67 times lower than above during the plant growing season. The microhabitat index has a high correlation with biomass, coverage, and species richness. PV panels could impact microhabitat in arid sandy areas and accelerate vegetation recovery progress and quality. The SPP construction would not only supply clean energy but also bring unintended ecological benefits in the future.
Rational Design and Development of Anisotropic and Mechanically Strong Gelatin‐Based Stress Relaxing Hydrogels for Osteogenic/Chondrogenic Differentiation
Authors: Dey Kamol , Agnelli Silvia , Re Federica , Russo Domenico , Lisignoli Gina , Manferdini Cristina , Bernardi Simona , Gabusi Elena , Sartore Luciana 
Published: July 2019

AbstractRational design and development of tailorable simple synthesis process remains a centerpiece of investigational efforts toward engineering advanced hydrogels. In this study, a green and scalable synthesis approach is developed to formulate a set of gelatin‐based macroporous hybrid hydrogels. This approach consists of four sequential steps starting from liquid‐phase pre‐crosslinking/grafting, unidirectional freezing, freeze‐drying, and finally post‐curing process. The chemical crosslinking mainly involves between epoxy groups of functionalized polyethylene glycol and functional groups of gelatin both in liquid and solid state. Importantly, this approach allows to accommodate different polymers, chitosan or hydroxyethyl cellulose, under identical benign condition. Structural and mechanical anisotropy can be tuned by the selection of polymer constituents. Overall, all hydrogels show suitable structural stability, good swellability, high porosity and pore interconnectivity, and maintenance of mechanical integrity during 3‐week‐long hydrolytic degradation. Under compression, hydrogels exhibit robust mechanical properties with nonlinear elasticity and stress‐relaxation behavior and show no sign of mechanical failure under repeated compression at 50% deformation. Biological experiment with human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) reveals that hydrogels are biocompatible, and their physicomechanical properties are suitable to support cells growth, and osteogenic/chondrogenic differentiation, demonstrating their potential application for bone and cartilage regenerative medicine toward clinically relevant endpoints.
A New Quantum Cascade IR‐Laser Online Detector: Chemical‐Sensitive Size‐Exclusion Chromatography Measurement at Unprecedented Low Levels
Authors: Kübel Jennifer M. , Botha Carlo , Bucka Aleksandra , Höpfner Johannes , Zimmermann Henrik , Godejohann Matthias , Wilhelm Manfred 
Published: July 2019

AbstractOnline chemically sensitive detectors for size exclusion chromatography (SEC) through coupled setups based on infrared (IR) (or NMR) spectrometers present new possibilities through unprecedented levels of polymer detail with respect to molecular weight and chemical composition. Herein, a new external cavity quantum cascade laser (EC‐QCL) mid‐IR spectrometer as a chemically sensitive online detector for SEC is custom‐designed, built, and tested. This unique spectrometer features multiple broadly tunable EC‐QCL sources, which can be operated in continuous wave and pulsed mode, accompanied with balanced liquid nitrogen cooled mercury cadmium telluride (MCT) detectors and a new custom‐built transmission flow cell. Automated data analysis is done with a self‐written MATLAB code. The limit of detection (LOD) is measured online, coupled with SEC chromatography, where on average, one carbonyl functionality in 530 000 g mol−1 at chromatographic conditions for SEC could be detected. It is possible to detect 0.46 µg (LOD) PMMA, which is approximately a factor of 30 lower than that reported for SEC‐Fourier transform infrared.
Potential Role of Leptin in Cardiac Steatosis Induced by Highly Saturated Fat Intake during Adolescence
Authors: Plaza Adrián , Antonazzi Marco , Blanco‐Urgoiti Jaime , Del Olmo Nuria , Ruiz‐Gayo Mariano 
Published: July 2019

ScopeTo identify the age‐dependent effect of diets containing elevated amounts of either saturated or unsaturated fatty acids on cardiac steatosis in mice.Methods and ResultsFive‐ and eight‐week‐old C57BL/6J mice cohorts are given free access to either a saturated or an unsaturated fatty‐acid‐enriched diet during 8 weeks. Body weight (BW) and food intake are monitored during this period. Cardiac lipid content, carnitine palmitoyltransferase‐I (CPT‐I) activity, and the amount of uncoupling proteins 2 and 3 (UCP2 and UCP3) are analyzed and correlated with blood leptin concentration. Leptin and PPARγ gene expression is quantified in white adipose tissue (WAT). Both diets have a similar effect on food intake, BW, and adiposity, independently of the age. Nevertheless, cardiac steatosis is specifically identified in adolescent mice consuming the saturated diet. These animals also display lower activity of cardiac CPT‐I, a down‐regulation of cardiac UCP2, together with lower concentration of plasma leptin. Accordingly, leptin gene expression is reduced in the visceral WAT.ConclusionConsumption of diets containing elevated amounts of saturated fat during adolescence and early adult life promotes cardiac steatosis in mice. An insufficient endocrine activity of WAT, in terms of leptin production, may account for such an effect.
Prospective motion and B0 shim correction for MR spectroscopy in human brain at 7T
Authors: Deelchand Dinesh K. , Joers James M. , Auerbach Edward J. , Henry Pierre‐Gilles 
Published: July 2019

PurposeTo demonstrate feasibility and performance of prospective motion and B0 shim correction for MRS in human brain at 7T.MethodsProspective motion correction using an optical camera and linear B0 shim correction using FASTMAP‐like navigators were implemented into a semi‐LASER sequence. The effect of motion on spectral quality was assessed without and with prospective correction in prefrontal cortex in 11 subjects.ResultsWithout prospective motion and shim correction, motion resulted in considerable degradation of MR spectra (broader linewidth, lower signal‐to‐noise ratio, degraded water suppression). With prospective motion and shim correction, spectral quality remained excellent despite motion. Prospective motion correction alone was not sufficient to prevent degradation of spectral quality.ConclusionProspective motion and B0 shim correction is feasible at 7T and should help improve the robustness of MRS, particularly in motion‐prone populations.
Limb‐girdle muscular dystrophy: A perspective from adult patients on what matters most
Authors: Hunter Michael , Heatwole Chad , Wicklund Matthew , Weihl Conrad C. , Mozaffar Tahseen , Statland Jeffrey M. , Johnson Nicholas E. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIntroductionLimb‐girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) consists of over 30 genetic conditions with varying clinical phenotypes primarily affecting pelvic girdle, shoulder girdle, and other proximal limb muscles. Studies focusing on the physical, mental, and social effects of this disease from the patient's perspective are limited.MethodsAdults with LGMD were interviewed and asked to identify issues that have the greatest impact on their quality of life. Each interview was recorded, transcribed, coded, and analyzed.ResultsParticipants provided 1385 direct quotes. One hundred sixty‐five potential symptoms of importance were identified and grouped into 15 larger themes. The most frequently reported themes included limitations with mobility, difficulty performing activities, social role limitations, and emotional distress.DiscussionThere are multiple symptoms that alter the lives of adults with LGMD. These affect their physical, emotional, and social health, and may be amenable to medical intervention.
A poly‐superellipsoid‐based approach on particle morphology for DEM modeling of granular media
Authors: Zhao Shiwei , Zhao Jidong 
Published: July 2019

SummaryParticle morphology plays a key role in affecting physical and mechanical behaviors of granular media. While various mathematical approaches and shape descriptors have been proposed to describe the morphological properties of granular particles, it remains a challenge to effectively incorporate them for efficient discrete modeling of granular materials. This study presents a new poly‐superellipsoid‐based approach for three‐dimensional discrete element method (DEM) modeling of non‐spherical convex particles. A uniform mathematical description of 3D poly‐superellipsoidal surface is employed to represent a realistic granular particle, which is shown to be versatile and effective in reproducing a wide range of shape features (including elongation, flatness, angularity, and asymmetry) for real particles in nature. A novel optimization approach based on hybrid Levenberg‐Marquardt (LM) and Gilbert‐Johnson‐Keerthi (GJK) algorithms is further developed for efficient and robust contact detection in DEM simulation of poly‐superellipsoidal assemblies. Simulations of granular packing and triaxial compression tests show that the proposed approach is generally robust and efficient for both dynamic and quasistatic modeling of granular media.
Extended follow‐up of the AdVance XP male sling in the treatment of male urinary stress incontinence after 48 months: Results of a prospective and multicenter study
Authors: Grabbert Markus , Mumm Jan‐Niclas , Klehr Benedikt , Kretschmer Alexander , Gebhartl Peter , Gozzi Christian , Homberg Roland , May Florian , Rehder Peter , Stief Christian G. , Bauer Ricarda M. 
Published: July 2019

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of the AdVance XP male sling in a midterm follow‐up for the treatment of male urinary incontinence in a selected patient cohort.Materials and MethodsIn all, 115 patients with postprostatectomy incontinence were prospectively enrolled. A previous endoscopic evaluation of a sufficient coaptive zone in the repositioning test was mandatory. Patients with urine leakage in supine position or previous incontinence surgery were excluded. Postoperatively a standardized 24‐hour pad test and pad usage were evaluated. To compare pre‐ and postoperative continence status nonparametric t test was used. A P‐value of <.05 was seen as statistically significant.ResultsMedian preoperative urine loss in the 24‐hour pad test was 272 g (min. 42‐max. 1600) and was significantly improved at any point in follow‐up. Success was defined as 0 pads per day and a maximum of 5 g in the 24‐hour pad test. After a follow‐up of 48 months, 71.7% of the patients were cured, whereas 15.0% of patients had an improved continence situation and 13.3% were classified as failed. Mean urine loss decreased significantly to 24.4 g (P ≤ .001). No severe intra‐ or postoperative complications are to be reported. Median follow‐up was 4.2 years.ConclusionsA stable effectiveness in a selected patient cohort can also be demonstrated in an extended follow‐up. The complication rates are low and no late postoperative complications occurred, indicating the safety of the procedure.