bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, antiproliferative activity, and molecular docking studies of 4‐chlorothiocolchicine analogues
Authors: Klejborowska Greta , Moshari Mahshad , Maj Ewa , Majcher Urszula , Preto Jordane , Wietrzyk Joanna , Tuszynski Jack A. , Huczyński Adam 
Published: September 2019

AbstractColchicine is a therapeutic agent currently used in therapies of many diseases. It also shows antimitotic effects, and its high cytotoxic activity against different cancer cell lines has been demonstrated many times. To overcome the limitations of colchicine use in anticancer therapy, we synthesized a series of novel triple‐modified 4‐chloro‐7‐carbamatethiocolchicines. All the synthesized compounds have been tested in vitro to evaluate their cytotoxicity toward A549, MCF‐7, LoVo, LoVo/DX, and BALB/3T3 cell lines. Additionally, their mode of binding to β‐tubulin was evaluated in silico. The majority of triple‐modified colchicine derivatives exhibited significantly higher cytotoxicity than colchicine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin against tested cancerous cell lines with much higher selectivity index values for four of them.
Alterations in long noncoding RNAs in women with and without polycystic ovarian syndrome
Authors: Butler Alexandra E. , Hayat Shahina , Dargham Soha R. , Malek Joel A. , Abdulla Silvana A. , Mohamoud Yasmin A. , Suhre Karsten , Sathyapalan Thozhukat , Atkin Stephen L. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are RNA transcripts over 200 nucleotides long that are not translated into protein; however, there is increasing evidence of their regulatory functions. To date, there are few studies measuring lncRNA in control women or women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).ObjectiveTo determine lncRNA differences between PCOS and control women.DesignCross sectional study.PatientsTwenty four anovulatory women with all three diagnostic features of PCOS compared to 24 control women in the follicular phase of their menstrual cycle from a PCOS biobank.ResultsWomen with PCOS were age and weight matched compared to the control women but were significantly insulin resistant and hyperandrogenemic (P < .01). Eight lncRNA (P < .05) were detected that differed between PCOS and control women, but only MIRLET7BHG correlated with body mass index (r = .66, P < .05). No lncRNA correlated with antimullerian hormone (AMH) levels, insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) or the free androgen index (FAI). Ingenuity pathway assessment (IPA) did not identify any functional pathways for the lncRNAs.ConclusionLncRNAs differ between anovulatory PCOS and control women in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. It is unclear if this is due to inherent differences between PCOS and control women or due to changes in lncRNA that are menstrual cycle dependent. However, their IPA did not identify linked pathways, likely because few functions are as yet assigned to these lncRNAs.
Farmland tenure and transaction costs: Public and collectively owned land vs conventional coordination mechanisms in France
Authors: Léger‐Bosch Christine 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTo preserve farmland in industrialized countries, public initiatives or initiatives from nongovernmental organizations increasingly rely on Long‐term and Full Rights Acquisitions of land (LFRAs). The objective of this article is to help assess whether those actions provide profitable access to land use for lessee farms. We compare the economic implications for farms of this mode of access to land use with the two other main modes: conventional lease arrangements and purchasing transactions. The analysis focuses on the transaction costs relative to the cost of exchange, that is, including purchase/rental price, and to the financial benefits of the transaction. We use original data on costs provided by a survey of farmers within a French region. Our results suggest that the ex ante transaction costs incurred by farmers involved in LFRAs, as a percentage of the exchange cost of accessing land use, are lower than those in purchasing transactions and higher than those in conventional lease arrangements. The difference between the two types of lease arrangements is due to negotiation costs, which are doubled in LFRAs. In conclusion, making the involvement of tenant farmers in the construction of LFRAs more effective would allow these initiatives to better achieve their goals.
Historical changes in fish communities in urban streams of the south‐eastern United States and the relative importance of water‐quality stressors
Authors: Meador Michael R. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA total of 71 stream sites representing a gradient of urban land use were sampled across the Piedmont of the south‐eastern United States in 2014. Fish data collected (observed) at each site were compared to an expected community based on georeferenced historical (~1950 ‐ ~1990) species occurrence records for stream segments (1:100,000 scale) containing the sampled stream sites. Loss of expected fish species (per cent of fish species expected to occur but not observed) and homogenization (difference in Jaccard's similarity of the fish community among sites observed and expected) were determined. On average, there was a 13.2% increase in the similarity of fish communities across sites, demonstrating evidence of community homogenization. Occurrence of Redbreast Sunfish (Lepomis auritus), Green Sunfish (L. cyanellus) and Bluegill (L. macrochirus) increased more than 50% over time (between observed and expected). Species loss increased significantly with urbanization, whereas homogenization was not related to urbanization. Random forest analysis indicated that herbicides, insecticides and centrarchid species richness were significant predictors of species loss. Of these, generalized additive model regression indicated that herbicides represented the most parsimonious model based on a single predictor. Stream base flow, elevation and total nitrogen were significant predictors of homogenization. Generalized additive model regression indicated that decreased stream base flow was the single most important factor associated with increased homogenization. Chemical contaminants and associated ecosystem alteration and changes in streamflow may represent important regional influences on changes in fish communities in urban streams in the south‐eastern United States.
Estimation of soil water content at permanent wilting point using hygroscopic water content
Authors: Chen Chong , Zhou Hu , Shang Jianying , Hu Kelin , Ren Tusheng 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTraditional methods for determining soil water content at permanent wilting point (θPWP) are time consuming. The objectives of this study are to develop a model for predicting θPWP based on easily measured hygroscopic water content and to compare the performance of the proposed model with three previous models: the Aina & Periaswamy model (AP model), the van den Berg et al. model (vdB model) and the Seybold & Harms model (SH model), which estimate θPWP from particle size distribution and/or organic matter (OM) content. By assuming that the dry end of the soil water retention curve could be described with the linear Campbell & Shiozawa model, a simple linear model, θPWP = 3θRH50, was developed to predict θPWP using θRH50. The θRH50 of the soils ranged from 0.002 to 0.157 g g−1 and the θPWP ranged from 0.014 to 0.279 g g−1. The validation results on 48 soils showed that the root mean squared error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) of the proposed model were 0.007 g g−1 and 0.005 g g−1, respectively. Model comparison showed that the prediction accuracy of four models for θPWP was in the order of proposed model > AP model > SH model > vdB model. Thus, θRH50 is a viable predictor for θPWP, which eliminates the need for soil particle size distribution and OM content.Highlights
Water content at permanent wilting point (θPWP) relates to hygroscopic water content.
A model was developed to predict θPWP using water content at relative humidity of 50%.
The proposed model performed better than existing models.
Recent introductions reveal differential susceptibility to parasitism across an evolutionary mosaic
Authors: Tepolt Carolyn K. , Darling John A. , Blakeslee April M. H. , Fowler Amy E. , Torchin Mark E. , Miller A. Whitman , Ruiz Gregory M. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractParasitism can represent a potent agent of selection, and introduced parasites have the potential to substantially alter their new hosts' ecology and evolution. While significant impacts have been reported for parasites that switch to new host species, the effects of macroparasite introduction into naïve populations of host species with which they have evolved remain poorly understood. Here, we investigate how the estuarine white‐fingered mud crab (Rhithropanopeus harrisii) has adapted to parasitism by an introduced rhizocephalan parasite (Loxothylacus panopaei) that castrates its host. While the host crab is native to much of the East and Gulf Coasts of North America, its parasite is native only to the southern end of this range. Fifty years ago, the parasite invaded the mid‐Atlantic, gradually expanding through previously naïve host populations. Thus, different populations of the same host species have experienced different degrees of historical interaction (and thus potential evolutionary response time) with the parasite: long term, short term, and naïve. In nine estuaries across this range, we examined whether and how parasite prevalence and host susceptibility to parasitism differs depending on the length of the host's history with the parasite. In field surveys, we found that the parasite was significantly more prevalent in its introduced range (i.e., short‐term interaction) than in its native range (long‐term interaction), a result that was also supported by a meta‐analysis of prevalence data covering the 50 years since its introduction. In controlled laboratory experiments, host susceptibility to parasitism was significantly higher in naïve hosts than in hosts from the parasite's native range, suggesting that host resistance to parasitism is under selection. These results suggest that differences in host–parasite historical interaction can alter the consequences of parasite introductions in host populations. As anthropogenically driven range shifts continue, disruptions of host–parasite evolutionary relationships may become an increasingly important driver of ecological and evolutionary change.
Pharmacokinetics of intravenous and oral administration of enrofloxacin to the late‐term pregnant and non‐pregnant mares
Authors: Ellerbrock R. E. , Curcio B. R. , Zhong L. , Honoroto J. , Wilkins P. , Lima F. S. , Giguere S. , Canisso I. F. 
Published: September 2019

SummaryBackgroundEnrofloxacin may be an alternative antimicrobial for unresponsive cases of severe bacterial infections in pregnant mares. As pregnancy may affect drug bioavailability, distribution, metabolism and excretion, dose adjustment might be necessary.ObjectivesTo determine the disposition of orally and intravenously administered enrofloxacin in pregnant and non‐pregnant mares.Study designRandomised cross‐over experiment.MethodsSix light‐breed, healthy pregnant mares (260 days gestation) were given a single dose of either intravenous (5 mg/kg bwt) or oral compounded (7.5 mg/kg bwt) enrofloxacin, with the opposite dose administered after a 7‐day washout. The protocol was repeated 45–60 days post‐partum, 15–30 days after foals were weaned. Plasma samples were obtained via venepuncture at 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 90 min, and 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 72 h after enrofloxacin administration. Enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin concentrations were measured by LC‐MS/MS. Concentration versus time data were analysed based on non‐compartmental pharmacokinetics.ResultsEnrofloxacin AUC0–∞was significantly higher in pregnant mares than non‐pregnant mares after PO administration and tended to be higher after i.v. administration. Ciprofloxacin maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and concentration at 24 h (C24h) were higher, and half‐life of the terminal phase (t½λz) was longer in pregnant mares than non‐pregnant mares after oral administration. Similarly, ciprofloxacin C24hwas higher in pregnant mares with intravenous administration. Oral bioavailability did not differ based on pregnancy status.Main limitationsOnly six healthy light breed mares were assessed. Disease or horse breed may affect the endpoints evaluated. A lack of established enrofloxacin AUC/MIC targets for equine pathogens limits pharmacokinetic‐pharmacodynamic conclusions.ConclusionsThe oral form of enrofloxacin was well absorbed, and oral bioavailability was comparable to previous studies. While differences in enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin pharmacokinetics were seen between pregnant and non‐pregnant mares, the recommended drug dose and dose intervals are appropriate for MIC <0.25 µg/mL. Dosages may need to be adjusted for bacteria with a MIC >0.25 µg/mL.
Stream Temperature Modeling and Fiber Optic Temperature Sensing to Characterize Groundwater Discharge
Authors: Moridnejad Maryam , Cameron Stewart , Shamseldin Asaad Y. , Verhagen Floris , Moore Catherine , Melville Bruce W. , Ward Nick Dudley 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe Ngongotaha Stream was used as a case study to assess the applicability of fiber optic distributed temperature sensing (FODTS) to identify the location of springs and quantify their discharge. Thirteen springs were identified, mostly located within a 115 m reach, five discharged from the right bank and eight from the left bank. To quantify groundwater discharge, a new approach was developed in which the one‐dimensional transient heat transport model was fitted to the FODTS measurements, where the main calibration parameters of interest were the unknown spring discharges. The spatial disposition of the groundwater discharge estimation problem was constrained by two sources of information; first, the stream gains ∼500 L/s as determined by streamflow gauging. Second, the temperature profiles of the left and right banks provide the spatial disposition of springs and their relative discharges. FODTS was used to measure stream temperature near the left and right banks, which created two temperature datasets. A weighted average of the two datasets was then calculated, where the weights reflected the degree of mixing between the right and left banks downstream of a spring. The new approach in this study marks a departure from previous studies, in which the general approach was to use the steady‐state thermal mixing model (Selker et al. 2006a; Westhoff et al. 2007; Briggs et al. 2012) to infer groundwater discharge, which is then used as an input into a transient model of the general form of equation to simulate stream temperature (Westhoff et al. 2007).
Politicisation or Professionalisation? Exploring Divergent Aims Within UK Voluntary Sector Peer Mentoring
Authors: BUCK GILLIAN 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMeaningful ‘user involvement’ is an established aim of social work practice, and increasingly, an aspiration of criminal justice, yet there are unique challenges to participatory work within punitive contexts. Drawing upon a study of peer mentoring in the voluntary sector, this article unveils some core tensions related to (ex)service user involvement in criminal justice. Interviews with mentors, mentees, and key stakeholders, along with direct observations of practice, reveal that respondents often see their work as personal‐political, emphasising the value of lived expertise and of collective action to address limiting social conditions. Simultaneously, however, mentoring is framed nationally and shaped locally by more established aims to correct, improve, and manage, individual ‘offenders’. There is, therefore, a fundamental tension between processes of politicisation, or coming together to assert a user voice and affect social change; and professionalisation, wherein mentors are co‐opted into forms of practice they often critique.
From the Outside In: Narratives of Creative Arts Practitioners Working in the Criminal Justice System
Authors: SIMPSON ELLA , MORGAN CATHERINE , CAULFIELD LAURA S. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe penal voluntary sector is highly variegated in its roles, practices and functions, though research to date has largely excluded the experiences of frontline practitioners. We argue that engaging with the narratives of practitioners can provide fuller appreciation of the potential of the sector's work. Though life story and narrative have been recognised as important in offender desistance (Maruna 2001), the narrative identities of creative arts practitioners, who are important ‘change agents’ (Albertson 2015), are typically absent. This is despite evidence to suggest that a practitioner's life history can be a significant and positive influence in the rehabilitation of offenders (Harris 2017). Using narratological analysis (Bal 2009), this study examined the narratives of 19 creative practitioners in prisons in England and Wales. Of particular interest were the formative experiences of arts practitioners in their journey to prison work. The findings suggest that arts practitioners identify with an ‘outsider’ status and may be motivated by an ethic of mutual aid. In the current climate of third sector involvement in the delivery of criminal justice interventions, such a capacity may be both a strength and a weakness for arts organisations working in this field.
The Criminal Justice Voluntary Sector: Concepts and an Agenda for an Emerging Field
Authors: TOMCZAK PHILIPPA , BUCK GILLIAN 
Published: September 2019

AbstractVolunteers and voluntary organisations play significant roles pervading criminal justice. They are key actors, with unrecognised potential to shore up criminal justice and/or collaboratively reshape social justice. Unlike public and for‐profit agents, criminal justice volunteers and voluntary organisations (CJVVOs) have been neglected by scholars. We call for analyses of diverse CJVVOs, in national and comparative contexts. We provide three categories to highlight distinctive organising auspices, which hold across criminal justice: statutory volunteers, quasi‐statutory volunteers, and voluntary organisations. The unknown implications of these different forms of non‐State, non‐profit justice involvement deserve far greater attention from academics, policymakers and practitioners.
Peer Support, Desistance and the Role of the Third Sector
Authors: HINDE KEITH , WHITE ROB 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis article explores the limits and possibilities of peer support schemes within a prison setting. The theoretical lens is that of desistance, with particular attention given to the concepts of ‘giving back’ and ‘being listened to’ as intentional means of fostering prosocial attitudes and outcomes. The analysis is based upon formal evaluation and informal critical reflections pertaining to the Prison Support Program delivered by the Australian Red Cross in Tasmania, Australia. The article considers the political landscape of law and order in Tasmania, and where the third sector fits into contemporary configurations. It outlines the foundational concepts and relationship elements that underpin peer support programmes, and discusses the practical barriers and opportunities that shape grounded practice. It concludes with a series of observations that might usefully guide the development and improvement of peer support schemes as they continue to evolve and respond to changing institutional circumstances and political environments.
Synthesis and electrochemical characterization of La0.75Sr0.25Mn0.5Cr0.5−xAlxO3, for IT‐ and HT‐SOFCs
Authors: Abdalla Abdalla M. , Kamel Madeha , Hossain Shahzad , Irvine John T. S. , Azad Abul K. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe main emphasis of this work is to create a new perovskite material with three different compositions (La0.75Sr0.25Mn0.5Cr0.5−xAlxO3,x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) applied in both Intermediate‐ and High‐temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (IT‐ and HT‐SOFCs). Perovskite‐type polycrystalline La0.75Sr0.25Mn0.5Cr0.5−xAlxO3−δ(x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) powders were synthesized and formed in a single phase structure by a dry chemistry route (standard solid‐state reaction method). The effect of Al doping on physicochemical and surface properties has been discovered. The compounds were crystallized in single phase rhombohedral symmetry (R‐3CSpace. Group). Total conductivity of Al doping in wet 5% H2was higher than both dry 5% H2and air. The obtained results enhance the electro‐catalytic performance and the material conductivity as well, which will be good for anode materials in IT‐ and HT‐SOFCs and the optimum doping is 10%.
Surface modification and biological evaluation of kojic acid/silica nanoparticles as platforms for biomedical systems
Authors: Andrade Gracielle Ferreira , Lima Gesiane da S. , Gastelois Pedro Lana , Assis Gomes Dawidson , Macedo Waldemar Augusto de Almeida , de Sousa Edésia Martins Barros 
Published: September 2019

AbstractKojic acid (KA), an important compound with medical, cosmetic, and industrial applications, was loaded in 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane‐functionalized silica nanoparticle (MSNAPTES‐KA5). This nanoparticle with acid was prepared to evaluate its application as a drug delivery system due to its interesting characteristic as large surface area, high pore volume, and good biocompatibility. The samples were characterized using different techniques that demonstrate success in the functionalization and loading process, as can be seen from the results obtained by FTIR, XPS, TGA, and CHN, that confirmed the presence of APTES and KA in the nanoparticles. KA drug loading was estimated using UV‐Vis, TGA, and CHN, which revealed 12% loading of KA in the nanoparticles that showed slow rate of release. Antimicrobial assay was performed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the samples against different microorganisms. The results showed greater MSNAPTES‐KA5 antibacterial activity than free‐kojic acid for Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus. In relation to the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition assay; a higher inhibition of MSNAPTES‐KA5, than the inhibition with free‐kojic acid was observed. In addition, MSNAPTES‐KA5 sample was also effective in inhibiting tyrosinase, proving the efficiency of the MSNAPTES base. These studies afford evidence of the possible beneficial biological activities of MSNAPTES‐KA5 nanoparticle in pharmaceutical applications.
Long non‐coding RNA SNHG16 promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma cells by targeting miR‐497‐5p/PIM1 axis
Authors: Zhu Qiaojuan , Li Yazhao , Guo Yang , Hu Linjun , Xiao Zunqiang , Liu Xin , Wang Jiahui , Xu Qiuran , Tong Xiangmin 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe aberrant expression and dysfunction of long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as critical factors governing the initiation and progression of different human cancers, including diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL). LncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 16 (SNHG16) has been recognized as a tumour‐promoting factor in various types of cancer. However, the biological role of SNHG16 and its underlying mechanism are still unknown in DLBCL. Here we disclosed that SNHG16 was overexpressed in DLBCL tissues and the derived cell lines. SNHG16 knockdown significantly suppressed cell proliferation and cell cycle progression, and it induced apoptosis of DLBCL cells in vitro. Furthermore, silencing of SNHG16 markedly repressed in vivo growth of OCI‐LY7 cells. Mechanistically, SNHG16 directly interacted with miR‐497‐5p by acting as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) and inversely regulated the abundance of miR‐497‐5p in DLBCL cells. Moreover, the proto‐oncogene proviral integration site for Moloney murine leukaemia virus 1 (PIM1) was identified as a novel direct target of miR‐497‐5p. SNHG16 overexpression rescued miR‐497‐5p‐induced down‐regulation of PIM1 in DLBCL cells. Importantly, restoration of PIM1 expression reversed SNHG16 knockdown‐induced inhibition of proliferation, G0/G1 phase arrest and apoptosis of OCI‐LY7 cells. Our study suggests that the SNHG16/miR‐497‐5p/PIM1 axis may provide promising therapeutic targets for DLBCL progression.