bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The ADAMTS13–VWF axis is dysregulated in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Newnham Michael , South Kieron , Bleda Marta , Auger William R. , Barberà Joan A. , Bogaard Harm , Bunclark Katherine , Cannon John E. , Delcroix Marion , Hadinnapola Charaka , Howard Luke S. , Jenkins David , Mayer Eckhard , Ng Choo , Rhodes Christopher J. , Screaton Nicholas , Sheares Karen , Simpson Michael A. , Southwood Mark , Su Li , Taboada Dolores , Traylor Matthew , Trembath Richard C. , Villar Sofia S. , Wilkins Martin R. , Wharton John , Gräf Stefan , Pepke-Zaba Joanna , Laffan Michael , Lane David A. , Morrell Nicholas W. , Toshner Mark 
Published: January 2019

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is an important consequence of pulmonary embolism that is associated with abnormalities in haemostasis. We investigated the ADAMTS13–von Willebrand factor (VWF) axis in CTEPH, including its relationship with disease severity, inflammation,ABOgroups andADAMTS13genetic variants.ADAMTS13 and VWF plasma antigen levels were measured in patients with CTEPH (n=208), chronic thromboembolic disease without pulmonary hypertension (CTED) (n=35), resolved pulmonary embolism (n=28), idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (n=30) and healthy controls (n=68). CTEPH geneticABOassociations and protein quantitative trait loci were investigated. ADAMTS13–VWF axis abnormalities were assessed in CTEPH and healthy control subsets by measuring ADAMTS13 activity, D-dimers and VWF multimeric size.Patients with CTEPH had decreased ADAMTS13 (adjusted β −23.4%, 95% CI −30.9– −15.1%, p<0.001) and increased VWF levels (β +75.5%, 95% CI 44.8–113%, p<0.001) compared to healthy controls. ADAMTS13 levels remained low after reversal of pulmonary hypertension by pulmonary endarterectomy surgery and were equally reduced in CTED. We identified a genetic variant near theADAMTS13gene associated with ADAMTS13 protein that accounted for ∼8% of the variation in levels.The ADAMTS13–VWF axis is dysregulated in CTEPH. This is unrelated to pulmonary hypertension, disease severity or markers of systemic inflammation and implicates the ADAMTS13–VWF axis in CTEPH pathobiology.
An ancient role for collier/Olf/Ebf (COE)-type transcription factors in axial motor neuron development
Authors: Catela Catarina , Correa Edgar , Wen Kailong , Aburas Jihad , Croci Laura , Consalez G. Giacomo , Kratsios Paschalis 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background
Mammalian motor circuits display remarkable cellular diversity with hundreds of motor neuron (MN) subtypes innervating hundreds of different muscles. Extensive research on limb muscle-innervating MNs has begun to elucidate the genetic programs that control animal locomotion. In striking contrast, the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of axial muscle-innervating MNs, which control breathing and spinal alignment, are poorly studied.

Methods
Our previous studies indicated that the function of the Collier/Olf/Ebf (COE) family of transcription factors (TFs) in axial MN development may be conserved from nematodes to simple chordates. Here, we examine the expression pattern of all four mouse COE family members (mEbf1-mEbf4) in spinal MNs and employ genetic approaches in both nematodes and mice to investigate their function in axial MN development.

Results
We report that mEbf1 and mEbf2 are expressed in distinct MN clusters (termed “columns”) that innervate different axial muscles. Mouse Ebf1 is expressed in MNs of the hypaxial motor column (HMC), which is necessary for breathing, while mEbf2 is expressed in MNs of the medial motor column (MMC) that control spinal alignment. Our characterization of Ebf2 knock-out mice uncovered a requirement for Ebf2 in the differentiation program of a subset of MMC MNs and revealed for the first time molecular diversity within MMC neurons. Intriguingly, transgenic expression of mEbf1 or mEbf2 can rescue axial MN differentiation and locomotory defects in nematodes (Caenorhabditis elegans) lacking unc-3, the sole C. elegans ortholog of the COE family, suggesting functional conservation among mEbf1, mEbf2 and nematode UNC-3.

Conclusions
These findings support the hypothesis that genetic programs controlling axial MN development are deeply conserved across species, and further advance our understanding of such programs by revealing an essential role for Ebf2 in mouse axial MNs. Because human mutations in COE orthologs lead to neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by motor developmental delay, our findings may advance our understanding of these human conditions.
Positive end-expiratory pressure titration with electrical impedance tomography and pressure–volume curve in severe acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Zhao Zhanqi , Chang Mei-Ying , Chang Mei-Yun , Gow Chien-Hung , Zhang Jia-Hao , Hsu Yeong-Long , Frerichs Inez , Chang Hou-Tai , Möller Knut 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background
The study objective was to compare titration of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) with electrical impedance tomography (EIT) and with ventilator-embedded pressure–volume loop in severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Methods
We have designed a prospective study with historical control group. Twenty-four severe ARDS patients (arterial oxygen partial pressure to fractional inspired oxygen ratio, PaO2/FiO2 < 100 mmHg) were included in the EIT group and examined prospectively. Data from another 31 severe ARDS patients were evaluated retrospectively (control group). All patients were receiving medical care under identical general support guidelines and protective mechanical ventilation. The PEEP level selected in the EIT group was the intercept point of cumulated collapse and overdistension percentages curves. In the control group, optimal PEEP was selected 2 cmH2O above the lower inflection point on the static pressure–volume curve.

Results
Patients in the EIT group were younger (P < 0.05), and their mean plateau pressure was 1.5 cmH2O higher (P < 0.01). No differences in other baseline parameters such as APACHE II score, PaO2/FiO2, initial PEEP, driving pressure, tidal volume, and respiratory system compliance were found. Two hours after the first PEEP titration, significantly higher PEEP, compliance, and lower driving pressure were found in the EIT group (P < 0.01). Hospital survival rates were 66.7% (16 of 24 patients) in the EIT group and 48.4% (15 of 31) in the control group. Identical rates were found regarding the weaning success rate: 66.7% in the EIT group and 48.4% in the control group.

Conclusion
In severe ARDS patients, it was feasible and safe to guide PEEP titration with EIT at the bedside. As compared with pressure–volume curve, the EIT-guided PEEP titration may be associated with improved oxygenation, compliance, driving pressure, and weaning success rate. The findings encourage further randomized control study with a larger sample size and potentially less bias in the baseline data.
Trial Registration NCT03112512
The Strange Career of Donald Rumsfeld
Authors: Beasley Betsy A. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
In 1966, junior Republican congressional representative Donald Rumsfeld first cut his political teeth leading a campaign against the military-industrial complex. Rumsfeld criticized the impropriety of the relationship between President Johnson and Brown and Root, the military contractor and oil-field services company that was a subsidiary of Halliburton. Decades later, Secretary of Defense Rumsfeld worked alongside Vice-President Dick Cheney, former Halliburton CEO, as the company secured unprecedented contracts during the US war in Iraq. Whereas military contracting had once represented for Rumsfeld the unethical government patronage of the Democratic Party, by the end of the century military contracting signified government thrift, a cost-saving turn to the market in a new era of warfare. Interweaving Rumsfeld’s career with Halliburton’s rise, this article charts Rumsfeld’s strange journey from Halliburton critic to Halliburton champion to highlight this continuity in capitalism and in military contracting across the second half of the twentieth century.
The United States and Africa in Oxford, Ohio
Authors: Covey Eric 
Published: January 2019

AbstractUS students often fail to see the global histories of the local sites they inhabit or how capitalism and militarism configure these landscapes in significant ways. In this reflection on critical pedagogy, I describe my interdisciplinary approach to situating Africa and the United States at the intersections of capitalism and militarism in three historical periods: during the Atlantic slave trade, after the so-called scramble for Africa, and in the context of contemporary US imperialism that flows from the War on Terror. My teaching uses a range of materials to introduce students to the longue durée of globalizing forces under capitalism and to confront the ongoing militarization of US policy in Africa that secures access to the continent’s minerals and other resources for powerful companies and wealthy investors.
Archives of Indigenous Self-Activity
Authors: Ramirez Jorge 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This essay reviews four books in Indigenous studies: María Josefina Saldaña-Portillo’s Indian Given (2016), Elizabeth Hoover’s The River Is in Us (2017), Dana E. Powell’s Landscapes of Power (2018), and Nancy Postero’s The Indigenous State (2018). The books address the colonial and national space-making projects that have militarized the US-Mexico Border, the Mohawk community’s confrontation with industrial pollution in Akwesasne, the Diné struggles in the Navajo Nation over sovereignty as a result of an extraction-based capitalist model since the Cold War, and the complexities of Bolivia’s Indigenous state that has called for decolonization and emphasized indigeneity. By bringing these four books together, the review demonstrates that indigeneity has been a site of struggle shaped by capitalism, violence, and militarism alongside settler colonialism in the western hemisphere. Furthermore, by examining indigenous self-activity in the western hemisphere it also reveals how systems of domination have never been absolute or complete but continuously attempt to reestablish their power.
Use of social media in a national Tuberculosis Drug Resistance Survey: lessons from the first anti-tuberculosis drug resistance survey in Ghana
Authors: Sylverken Augustina Angelina , Owusu-Dabo Ellis , Kwarteng Alexander , Twumasi-Ankrah Sampson , Owusu Michael , Adu-Amoah Louis , Dumevi Rexford Mawunyo , Arthur Rejoice Agyeiwaa , Addofoh Nicholas , Dzata Francisca , Bonsu Frank 
Published: January 2019

Background: The widespread use of social media applications on mobile phones indicate that smart phones have become more than just a simple medium for voice calling. Several studies have shown the potential benefit of these social media applications in discussing many health conditions. We report on tracking sample transport by public and private transport providers using WhatsApp during the first nationwide drug resistance tuberculosis (TB) survey in Ghana. Methods: The survey was conducted between February 2016 and June 2017, and involved 33 TB diagnostic sites selected on the basis of a two-stage cluster randomized sampling design on both anticipated yield and probability proportional to size method. We engaged the services of privately and publicly owned vehicles’ union to transport samples to the central laboratories in Kumasi for further laboratory processing. We created a mobile social group platform (‘National TBDRS’) on WhatsApp consisting of two representatives from each site as well as other stakeholders. The purpose was to notify a laboratory team in Kumasi, on the following details of the sample: date and time of dispatch, driver’s name, car number, estimated time of arrival, and bus terminal name. Results: A total 3077 WhatsApp messages were received during the survey period. Of these, 2879 (93.57%) messages were related to the survey. We observed a positive correlation between the total number of messages received and the total number of well-packaged sputum samples sent (r=0.89, p=0.02). There were no major transport delays (11:44±03:50) and all samples arrived within a 3-day window from the survey sites. Conclusions: Using WhatsApp as a platform of communication can significantly aid in improving tracking of samples, enhance accountability of for example drivers handling the samples over at a road crossing and communication across health facilities.
Evidence for the impact of malaria on agricultural household income in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Willis Derek W. , Hamon Nick 
Published: January 2019

Background: Progress in suppressing malaria over the next two decades may have a significant impact on poverty among agricultural households in sub-Saharan Africa. A recent study found that if malaria were eradicated by 2040, poverty rates among such households would fall by 4 to 26 percentage points more from 2018 to 2040 than if the burden of malaria remained at its current level. The relatively wide range of these estimates is due to a lack of evidence regarding the long-term impact of suppressing malaria on the incomes of agricultural households. The objective of this study is to describe a research framework that would generate the necessary evidence for developing more precise estimates. Methods: First, we developed a conceptual framework for understanding the potential long-term impact of suppressing malaria on the incomes of agricultural households. Next, we established a research framework for examining each component of the conceptual framework. Results: Our proposed research framework enables a comprehensive examination of how malaria affects the decisions, productivity, harvest value and expenditures due to morbidity and mortality within an agricultural household. This contrasts with the 27 existing relevant studies that we have identified, of which 23 focused only on household productivity and expenditures, two focused on decisions, and two focused on harvest values. Conclusion: By implementing the research framework presented in this study, we will increase our knowledge of how suppressing malaria over the next two decades would affect the incomes of agricultural households in sub-Saharan Africa. Evidence generated from the framework will inform funding allocation decisions for malaria elimination initiatives.
Bullying escolar na perspectiva dos professores
Authors: Oliveira-Menegotto Lisiane Machado de , Machado Isadora 
Published: January 2019

Bullying é um fenômeno caracterizado por atos de violência física ou verbal, que ocorrem de forma repetitiva e intencional. O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a concepção de bullying escolar, na perspectiva de professores de uma escola privada da região sul do Brasil. Dez professores participaram de uma entrevista semiestruturada, que foi gravada e, posteriormente, transcrita. Foi realizada uma análise de conteúdo que gerou eixos temáticos de discussão. Os resultados apontam para a importância de olhar para o sujeito aluno e professor, de modo a incorporar nas práticas pedagógicas mais ações de observação e escuta. Assim, professores e alunos devem ter um espaço de fala e escuta, para que o bullying não passe despercebido. O estudo também sugere a importância do trabalho da Psicologia no ambiente escolar, no sentido de assegurar um espaço saudável no campo das relações professor-aluno, professor-professor, aluno-aluno.
História das Religiões: da construção de uma disciplina aos seus desafios atuais
Authors: Soalheiro Bruna , Londoño Fernando Torres 
Published: January 2019

História das Religiões: da construção de uma disciplina aos seus desafios atuais. Apresentação. Revista Maracanan, Rio de Janeiro, Programa de Pós-graduação em História da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, n. 20, jan./jun. 2019.
Referring to the on-call oral and maxillofacial surgery team – what, when and how to refer emergency conditions
Authors: Dungarwalla Mohammed M , Vaghela Aamir , Sneddon Kenneth J 
Published: January 2019

Primary care dentists are occasionally faced with conditions which cannot be managed in a primary care setting. Some of these conditions may be acute conditions requiring immediate input from the on-call oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) team and/or emergency medical team. This paper aims to describe the conditions that may present in primary care and outlines their prevention, initial management and the factors which would prompt onward referral to a secondary care setting. A referral proforma is provided which can help clinicians in providing the essential information when speaking to the on-call OMFS team. In this paper, the term ‘immediate’ indicates within hours, whilst the term ‘urgent’ indicates within days. CPD/Clinical Relevance: To facilitate accurate referrals to the on-call OMFS team by outlining complications which are seen in primary care.
An audit investigating the management of diabetic patients in general practice, in relation to periodontal health
Authors: Wali Rana , Mahmoud Sophina , Chaggar Amrit , Hamrang-Yousefi Yasamin , Hurst Dominic 
Published: January 2019

Research has found a close relationship between the disease progression of diabetes and periodontitis. The aim of this audit is to determine the compliance of general dental practitioners (GDPs) with recommendations from the Delivering Better Oral Health toolkit (2014) for the management of diabetic patients. The final section of this article discusses the factors that affect the prognosis of immediate natural tooth bridges. Providing information on prognosis is an important part of the consent process; this includes patient factors and clinician factors. CPD/Clinical Relevance: There is evidence of a bi-directional relationship between diabetes and periodontitis.
Nanotubular Oxide Layers and Hydroxyapatite Coatings on Porous Titanium Alloy Ti13Nb13Zr
Authors: Supernak-Marczewska M. , Ossowska A. , Strąkowska P. , Zieliński A. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The surface condition of an implant has a significant impact on response occurring at the implant-biosystem border. The knowledge of physical-chemical and biological processes allows for targeted modification of biomaterials to induce a specified response of a tissue. The present research was aimed at development of technology composing of obtaining the nanotube oxide layers on a porous titanium alloy Ti13Nb13Zr, followed by the deposition of phosphate coating. The porous substrate (porosity about 50%) was prepared by a selective laser melting of the Ti13Nb13Zr powder with the SLM Realizer 100 equipment. The nanotubular oxide layers were fabricated by electrochemical oxidation in H3PO4 + 0.3% HF mixture for 30 min. at a constant voltage of 20V. The calcium phosphate coatings were formed by the electrochemically assisted deposition (ECAD). The presence of nanotubular oxide layers with their internal diameters ranging from 30 to 100 nm was observed by SEM (JEOL JSM-7600F). The nanotubes have dimensions that facilitated the deposition of hydroxyapatite.
The Share of Variance Components and Correlations Between Sow Production Traits in Different Treatments of the Litter Size (The Repeatability and Multi-Trait Models)
Authors: Radojković Dragan , Savić Radomir , Popovac Mladen , Radović Čedomir , Gogić Marija 
Published: January 2019

Summary
The share of variance components and correlations between the most important sow production traits (namely duration of fattening - DF, backfat thickness - BF and number of liveborn piglets - NBA) included in the pig breeding selection programme of the Republic of Serbia were estimated in this paper. The litter size at repeated farrowings (NBA1,..., NBA6) was treated as a separate trait (the multi-trait model), whereas the litter size at birth was treated as a trait repeated a number of times (the repeatability model)). The estimation of dispersion parameters was performed using the Restricted Maximum Likelihood (REML) method. The heritability of DF accounted for 23.5%, i.e. 23.3% depending on the model used, whereas BF accounted for 40.4% in both cases. The heritability of the litter size in consecutive farrowings (the multi-trait model) were in intervals ranging between 0.104 (NBA1) and 0.136 (NBA5). The heritability of NBA in the repeatability treatment accounted for 0.106, whereas the common litter environment and the permanent sow influence contributed to the total variability with 1.1% and 5.6%, respectively. Genetic correlations between the traits examined were not determined, with the exception of consecutive farrowings in the multi-trait treatment of the litter size. The genetic correlations recorded in this case proved positive and complete, with the exception of the correlation between the first and subsequent farrowings (farrowings 3 to 6) and the correlation between the second and the last farrowings (farrowings 5 and 6), which proved very strong.
Test on The Effects of Reconstituted Soil on Emergency Speed and Root Growth in Maize
Authors: Manfredi Paolo , Cassinari Chiara , Salvi Roberta , Battaglia Raffaella , Marocco Adriano , Trevisan Marco 
Published: January 2019

Summary
Reconstitution is a pedotechnique to counter land degradation and desertification. The reconstitution, patented by the research laboratory m.c.m. Ecosistemi, applies chemical-mechanical actions to a mixture of degraded soil and matrices (such as waste sludge) in order to produce reconstituted soil, a very high fertility soil. This paper is about a pot study in a greenhouse to investigate how reconstituted soil affects emergence speed and seminal roots development of Zea mays L. seedlings, in comparison with a Technosol. 200 seedlings are monitored up to the 16th day after the seeding. The emergence percentage is 98% on reconstituted soil and 91% on Technosol. Average length and weight of fresh seminal roots are higher on reconstituted soil.
On Risks and Side Effects: Does Creative Accomplishment Make us Narcissistic?
Authors: Jauk Emanuel , Sordia Natia 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Kaufman (2018) calls for a research agenda on outcomes of creativity. Despite its many conceivable positive consequences, we focus on narcissism as a potentially less socially desirable outcome of creative accomplishment in this commentary. Evidence from cross-sectional studies suggests a systematic link between different indicators of creativity and narcissism. We argue that - irrespective of methodological challenges associated with this research - it seems indeed plausible that creativity is associated with narcissism. The link is presumably strongest in individuals who engage in creativity for recognition motives. Narcissistic strivings might ignite creative endeavors, and positive social feedback for creative accomplishments might fuel narcissism. While more research needs to be done to understand the causal nature of the effects, the available evidence points to narcissism as a socially undesirable aspect of creativity which is not commonly discussed.
Graphic Notation, Indeterminacy and Improvisation: Implementing Choice Within a Compositional Framework
Authors: Bröndum Lars 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to examine the use of graphic notation in relation to improvisation and indeterminacy in practice. The paper opens with a background context around terms and ideas about improvisation and indeterminate music pioneered by composers in the 20th century. The techniques the author used in the pieces Fluttering (Brondum 2015) and Serpentine Line (Brondum 2010) are examined and discussed in informal interviews with four musicians. The paper closes with a discussion and conclusions gained from the interviews and from working with musicians in the context of using graphic notation as a bridge between improvisation and notated music. Documentation of the author’s practice and research of these methodological and aesthetical issues may be of interest to composers and musicians that work with similar techniques. It may also add to theory by developing the understanding of a composer’s own approach, and in extension, to ask questions on how to develop these theories further.