bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Lei nº 9.099/1995 e o Sistema Criminal – uma busca pela eficiência
Authors: Ferreira Luís Henrique Costa , Ferreira Daniel Silva 
Published: June 2018

A Lei dos Juizados Especiais Criminais, Lei nº 9.099/95, foi concebida para atender aos preceitos do Artigo 98 da Constituição Federal, e busca dar efetividade à norma penal, ao mesmo tempo em que privilegia os interesses da vítima, sem descuidar das garantias do devido processo legal.A proposta deste trabalho foi avaliar os impactos das ocorrências referentes aos delitos absorvidos pela Lei nº 9.099/1995 nas atividades de uma Delegacia de Polícia e buscar um modelo mais eficiente para o Estado lidar com eles. A Delegacia estudada foi a 2ª DT – 2ª Delegacia Territorial de Salvador, Estado da Bahia. O estudo fez uso da observação participativa para desenhar as etapas que compõe a lavratura de Termo Circunstanciado e, em seguida, estimar a demanda mensal do recurso tempo destinado a execução do procedimento pela cronometragem dos eventos. Após a análise dos dados, ficou demonstrado que o atual modelo, utilizado como padrão pelos Sistemas de Segurança Pública para o tratamento das ocorrências delituosas contidas na Lei Nº 9.099/1995, confronta o princípio da eficiência exibido na Constituição Federal. Ele impacta negativamente nas atividades de investigação criminal e atrasa a solução do conflito pela Justiça, ao criar uma instância administrativa desnecessária, na maioria das vezes.Ao final, foram apresentadas, dentre as muitas que possam ser enxergadas, duas possíveis soluções para o problema que despontaram dos elementos da pesquisa.
Discovery of the Kinematic Alignment of Early-type Galaxies in the Virgo Cluster
Authors: Kim Suk , Jeong Hyunjin , Lee Jaehyun , Lee Youngdae , Joo Seok-Joo , Kim Hak-Sub , Rey Soo-Chang 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Using the kinematic position angles (PAkin), an accurate indicator for the spin axis of a galaxy, obtained from the ATLAS3D integral-field-unit (IFU) spectroscopic data, we discovered that 57 Virgo early-type galaxies tend to prefer the specific PAkin values of 20° and 100°, suggesting that they are kinematically aligned with each other. These kinematic alignment angles are further associated with the directions of the two distinct axes of the Virgo cluster extending east–west and north–south, strongly suggesting that the two distinct axes are the filamentary structures within the cluster as a trace of infall patterns of galaxies. Given that the spin axis of a massive early-type galaxy does not change easily even in clusters from the hydrodynamic simulations, Virgo early-type galaxies are likely to fall into the cluster along the filamentary structures while maintaining their angular momentum. This implies that many early-type galaxies in clusters are formed in filaments via major mergers before subsequently falling into the cluster. Investigating the kinematic alignment in other clusters will allow us to understand the formation of galaxy clusters and early-type galaxies.
Habiter le travail
Authors: Reichhart Ada 
Published: June 2018

Dans une Scop, les capacités d’agir des coopérateurs ne se trouvent pas uniquement dans des formes de résistance aux normes dont les défaillances ont tendance à les écarter de fait comme alternative valable, mais également dans « les multiples façons d’habiter les normes ». Le concept d’« habiter », renvoyant davantage aux pratiques et aux discours plutôt qu’aux règles et aux valeurs, permet d’ouvrir le champ d’interprétation de la dimension participative de la Scop. Cette approche conduit à réactualiser le projet démocratique de la Scop, en dessinant les contours d’une expérience de vie participative au travail qui s’inscrit dans l’idée de démocratie comme forme de vie.
L'effet de la correction assistée par ordinateur (CAO) sur la construction des compétences orthographiques des apprenants de FLE en Algérie
Authors: Talbi Abdelmalek , Legros Denis 
Published: June 2018

Les difficultés orthographiques des apprenants de FLE en Algérie sont dues principalement aux correspondances phonographiques non biunivoques de l'orthographe française. Les recherches montrent que les correcteurs permettent la détection des erreurs mais qu'il n'y a pas construction des connaissances orthographiques transférables. Le but de cette recherche est d'analyser les effets d'un correcticiel de nouvelle génération, le Robert correcteur, sur le développement des compétences orthographiques des apprenants en matière d'erreurs de phonogramme. Un échantillon de 20 étudiants de 1ère année de licence de français a été soumis à quatre tâches : dictée 1 (pré-test d'évaluation), 1er jet de correction (révision orthographique avec correcticiel), 2ème jet de correction (révision orthographique sans correcticiel) et dictée 2 (post-test d'évaluation). Les résultats montrent que l'utilisation guidée et orientée du correcticiel favorise la correction des erreurs de phonogramme et qu'elle améliore le transfert des compétences orthographiques1.
Smartphones on the air track. Examples and difficulties
Authors: González Delgado Manuel Ángel , Gómez Alfonso , González Rebollo Miguel Ángel 
Published: June 2018

In this paper we describe a classical experiment with an air track in which smartphones are used as experimental devices to obtain physical data. The proposed experiment allows users to easily observe and measure relationships between physical magnitudes, conservation of momentum in collisions and friction effects on movement by utilizing the users' own mobile devices.
Received: 20 September 2017, Accepted: 4 May 2018; Edited by: A. Martí, M. Monteiro; Reviewed by: J-L Richter, Lycee Polyvalent J-B Schwilgue, France; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4279/PIP.100005
Cite as: M Á González, A Gómez, M Á González, Papers in Physics 10, 100005 (2018)
This paper, by M Á González, A Gómez, M Á González, is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0.
African philosophical foundation of a pneumatological controversy inside the church of Central African Presbyterian in Malawi
Authors: Kayange Grivas Muchineripi 
Published: June 2018

I investigate the African philosophical foundations of a pneumatological controversy inside the Church of Central African Presbyterian (CCAP) in Malawi. While apparently the conflict consists in difficulties in embracing both the New Pentecostal Theology (NPT) and the Reformed Calvinist (protestant) Theology (RCT) within CCAP, it is rooted in the philosophical conflict between communitarianism and individualism. CCAP fully embraced the African communitarian philosophy mixed with Christian communism as its essence, while adherents of NPT followed individualism. Consequently, this affected the interpretation of the fundamental doctrines such as sola scriptura, sola grazia, and other practices. I suggest a philosophical solution constituting in rebuilding African identity and a theological solution in promoting a new pneumatology based on the concept of enculturation.Keywords: Pneumatology, Communitarianism, Individualism, African philosophy, inculturation
Replicating “Predicting the present with Google trends” by Hyunyoung Choi and Hal Varian (The Economic Record, 2012)
Authors: Coupé Tom 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
In this paper, the author describes different ways in which one can replicate a paper and illustrate them by applying them to the study by Choi and Varian (Predicting the Present with Google Trends, The Economic Record 2012).
Design and the Creation of Value
Authors: Heskett John , Dilnot Clive , Boztepe Suzan 
Published: June 2018

John Heskett was a leading design historian with a particular interest in design and economics. This book publishes for the first time his writings on design and economic value, and design’s role in creating value in organisations and products.
The first part of Heskett’s text introduces the main traditions of economic thought as they explain the relationship between producers, markets, products and consumers; he then goes on to consider the importance of design and design thinking in innovating and creating value in business practice and product development.
Heskett refers to examples of businesses such as Dyson and Apple that have successfully responded to the value of design in their practice, and others such as the Ford Motor Company that were faced with the threat of bankruptcy because they failed to encourage innovation and creativity or to respond adequately to the challenges and opportunities presented by new technology.
Heskett’s text is accompanied by critical and contextualising overviews by leading design scholars, which place Heskett's writings within the framework of contemporary design and business thought and practice.
On the representation of aerosol activation and its influence on model-derived estimates of the aerosol indirect effect
Authors: Rothenberg Daniel , Avramov Alexander , Wang Chien 
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Interactions between aerosol
particles and clouds contribute a great deal of uncertainty to the scientific
community's understanding of anthropogenic climate forcing. Aerosol particles
serve as the nucleation sites for cloud droplets, establishing a direct
linkage between anthropogenic particulate emissions and clouds in the climate
system. To resolve this linkage, the community has developed
parameterizations of aerosol activation which can be used in global climate
models to interactively predict cloud droplet number concentrations (CDNCs).
However, different activation schemes can exhibit different sensitivities to
aerosol perturbations in different meteorological or pollution regimes. To
assess the impact these different sensitivities have on climate forcing, we
have coupled three different core activation schemes and variants with the
CESM-MARC (two-Moment, Multi-Modal, Mixing-state-resolving Aerosol model for Research of Climate (MARC) coupled
with the National Center for Atmospheric Research's (NCAR) Community Earth
System Model (CESM; version 1.2)). Although the model produces a reasonable
present-day CDNC climatology when compared with observations regardless of
the scheme used, ΔCDNCs between the present and preindustrial era
regionally increase by over 100 % in zonal mean when using the most
sensitive parameterization. These differences in activation sensitivity may
lead to a different evolution of the model meteorology, and ultimately to a
spread of over 0.8 W m−2 in global average shortwave indirect
effect (AIE) diagnosed from the model, a range which is as large as the
inter-model spread from the AeroCom intercomparison. Model-derived AIE
strongly scales with the simulated preindustrial CDNC burden, and those
models with the greatest preindustrial CDNC tend to have the smallest AIE,
regardless of their ΔCDNC. This suggests that present-day evaluations
of aerosol-climate models may not provide useful constraints on the magnitude
of the AIE, which will arise from differences in model estimates of the
preindustrial aerosol and cloud climatology.
Ground surface temperature reconstruction for the last 500 years obtained from permafrost temperatures observed in the SHARE STELVIO Borehole, Italian Alps
Authors: Guglielmin Mauro , Donatelli Marco , Semplice Matteo , Serra Capizzano Stefano 
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Here we present the results of the inversion of a multi-annual temperature profile (2013, 2014, 2015) of the deepest borehole (235 m) in the mountain permafrost of the world located close to Stelvio Pass in the Central Italian Alps. The SHARE STELVIO Borehole (SSB) has been monitored since 2010 with 13 thermistors placed at different depths between 20 and 235 m. The negligible porosity of the rock (dolostone,  <  5 %) allows us to assume the latent heat effects are also negligible. The inversion model proposed here is based on the Tikhonov regularization applied to a discretized heat equation, accompanied by a novel regularizing penalty operator. The general pattern of ground surface temperatures (GSTs) reconstructed from SSB for the last 500 years is similar to the mean annual air temperature (MAAT) reconstructions for the European Alps. The main difference with respect to MAAT reconstructions relates to post Little Ice Age (LIA) events. Between 1940 and 1989, SSB data indicate a cooling of ca. 1 °C. Subsequently, a rapid and abrupt GST warming (more than 0.8 °C per decade) was recorded between 1990 and 2011. This warming is of the same magnitude as the increase in MAAT between 1990 and 2000 recorded in central Europe and roughly doubling the increase in MAAT in the Alps.
Capitalismo flexível: representações sob uma pretensa “sofisticação” / Flexible capitalism: representations under the “sofisticated” appearance
Authors: Carmo Roney Gusmao , Santos Alves Ana Elizabeth 
Published: June 2018

As transformações verificadas no sistema capitalista no final do século XX impactaram distintas organizações do mercado ao redor do mundo, impondo novas perspectivas econômicas, políticas e, sobretudo, sociais/comportamentais. O comércio se tornou apenas um dos espaços remontados pelo nexo da flexibilidade, motivando diferentes opiniões sobre o processo de mudanças. O presente texto se ocupa em compreender a forma como os sujeitos representam em seus discursos o “novo” capitalismo flexível, aqui entendido como um fenômeno histórico e global.Palavras-chave: capitalismo flexível, representações comuns, comércio. AbstractThe changes observed in the capitalist system in the late twentieth century impacted different market organizations around the world, imposing new economic, political and especially social / behavioral. The trade became one of the spaces reassembled at the nexus of flexibility, motivating different views on the process of change. This text aims to understand how the subjects in their speeches represent the "new" flexible capitalism, understood here as a historical and global phenomenon. Keywords: flexible capitalism, common representations, trade.
La tecnología de riego y la disputa por el agua subterránea en Córdoba, Argentina / Irrigation technology and the dispute over groundwater in Cordoba, Argentina
Authors: Riera Constanza 
Published: June 2018

En la provincia de Córdoba, Argentina, a mediados de 1990, se adoptó el riego con agua subterránea como una nueva tecnología para la producción de cultivos extensivos, lo que permitió el uso de este recurso a gran escala. La falta de un marco regulatorio y utilización privada del agua subterránea trajeron aparejadas disputas políticas entre los agricultores y las autoridades públicas por el usufructo de este recurso, que dieron lugar a la creación de Consorcios de Usuarios. Utilizando herramientas metodológicas de la etnografía, aquí se analiza cómo en este proceso de génesis institucional de los Consorcios, los usuarios y los agentes del poder público se comprometen en una batalla interpretativa sobre la legitimidad de la intervención del Estado a propósito del uso y la propiedad del agua subterránea, en la que la oposición público – privado juega un rol central al establecer éticas de la responsabilidad contrapuestas. Palabras clave: agua subterránea, riego, relaciones de propiedad, Córdoba (Argentina).AbstractIn the province of Cordoba, Argentina, a new irrigation technology for the production of extensive crops was adopted in mid-1990. This new technology allowed the large-scale use of groundwater, a common resource which until then was not available. The lack of a regulatory framework and the private resource utilization brought along political disputes between farmers and public authorities for the use of groundwater that led to the creation of Consortium of Users. Using methodological resources from anthropology, in this paper it is analyze how, in this process of institutional genesis, users and government agents undertake an interpretative battle over the legitimacy of state intervention regarding the use and ownership of groundwater, in which public-private opposition plays a key role in establishing competing ethics of responsibility.Keywords: groundwater, irrigation, ownership relations, Córdoba (Argentina).
Description of a change in teaching methods and comparison of quizzes versus midterms scores in a research methods course
Authors: Sullivan Stephanie G. B. , Hoiriis Kathryn T. , Paolucci Lucia 
Published: June 2018

Objective:We describe a change in teaching method from extended face-to-face instruction to a blended classroom environment in a research methods course and compare student scores following a change in assessment from mid-term examination to weekly quizzes.Methods:The course traditionally had been taught using a weekly 2-hour lecture for each academic term. A change in teaching methods was designed to include 20 minutes of lecture followed by 30 minutes of topic-specific in-class group discussions. The students then continued group work for an additional hour at an alternative location of their choice, such as the library, café, student study areas, or at home. Student homework/reading assignments were given as topics for weekly group discussions. In addition, the midterm examinations were replaced with weekly quizzes. Using t-test and analysis of variance, scores for four student cohorts in two successive academic terms were compared using identical multiple-choice questions from the midterms and quizzes for two topics. Student verbal feedback was elicited at the end of each term.Results:Quiz scores showed significant improvement over midterm scores for the more challenging statistics multiple-choice questions (t[371] = −2.21, p = .03, d = 0.23) with no significant improvement in multiple-choice questions about the safety of human subjects (t[374] = −.401, p = .69, d = 0.04). Student verbal feedback indicated higher satisfaction with the blended classroom and experiential learning style.Conclusion:Assessment using quizzes in an early and often format, instead of a midterm examination, was associated with higher scores on identical questions. Students preferred the blended classroom environment with experiential learning exercises and weekly quizzes.
Comparison of student performance and perceptions of a traditional lecture course versus an inverted classroom format for clinical microbiology
Authors: Burnham Kara D , Mascenik James 
Published: June 2018

Objective:
Student satisfaction and student performance are of primary concern when classroom pedagogy is changed. We determine the equivalence of two teaching methodologies in a clinical microbiology course using test scores as the measure of student performance.

Methods:
The two teaching methodologies examined were a traditional lecture-based method face-to-face (F2F) method and an inverted classroom method (ICM). Student perceptions of the ICM method were measured using a course survey in which students were asked to compare their experiences in the ICM class with experiences in a traditional F2F class. Classroom exams were administered in the same way in the traditional F2F lecture and ICM courses. Student test averages obtained in both pedagogies were compared for equivalence using an independent samples t-test. A six-question survey was developed to assess student perception of the ICM classroom compared to that for the traditional lecture-based classroom.

Results:
Test performance of students in the ICM was equivalent to that of students receiving traditional F2F lectures. Mean difference between test scores for the ICM and traditional F2F groups was 1.9 points (95% confidence interval [CI], −4.0–0.14). Survey responses indicated that respondents feel positively about self-learning in ICM and prefer the flexibility provided by ICM.

Conclusion:
This study provides evidence that the ICM method of teaching clinical microbiology can replace the traditional F2F method without loss of student performance. Respondent perceptions of the inverted classroom were positive, with students favoring the flexibility.
Thoroughbred mare's milk exhibits a unique and diverse free oligosaccharide profile
Authors: Karav Sercan , Salcedo Jaime , Frese Steven A. , Barile Daniela 
Published: June 2018

The Thoroughbred is among the most valuable horse breeds, and its husbandry is a major industry. Mare's milk plays a major role in the health of neonatal foals. Although the main components of mare's milk are broadly characterized, free oligosaccharides (OS), which possess various bioactivities in many mammalian milks, have not been fully profiled in Thoroughbreds. The aim of this study was to identify and quantify OS in Thoroughbred mare's milk during the first week of lactation, when foals typically consume mare's milk exclusively. A total of 48 OS structures (including isomers and anomers), corresponding to 20 unique compositions, were identified by nano LC‐Chip QToF‐MS and confirmed by tandem mass spectrometry. Neutral OS were the most abundant glycans (58.3%), followed by acidic OS containing Neu5Ac (33.3%), a minor presence of fucosylated OS structures (6.25%) and one structure containing NeuGc (2.1%). Comparison with other well‐characterized mammalian milks revealed that mare's milk shared 8 OS structures with human, bovine, pig and goat milk (i.e., 2 sialyllactose isomers, 3 hexose, LNH, LNT, and OS with the composition 3 Hex‐1 Neu5Ac). Additionally, there were seven unique OS not previously found in other mammal milks. During the first 7 days of lactation, the percentage of neutral and fucosylated OS increased, whereas acidic OS decreased and the total OS concentration ranged from 217.8 mg·L−1 to 79.8 mg·L−1.
High Thermoelectric Performance in Supersaturated Solid Solutions and Nanostructured n‐Type PbTe–GeTe
Authors: Luo Zhong‐Zhen , Zhang Xiaomi , Hua Xia , Tan Gangjian , Bailey Trevor P. , Xu Jianwei , Uher Ctirad , Wolverton Chris , Dravid Vinayak P. , Yan Qingyu , Kanatzidis Mercouri G. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractSb‐doped and GeTe‐alloyed n‐type thermoelectric materials that show an excellent figure of merit ZT in the intermediate temperature range (400–800 K) are reported. The synergistic effect of favorable changes to the band structure resulting in high Seebeck coefficient and enhanced phonon scattering by point defects and nanoscale precipitates resulting in reduction of thermal conductivity are demonstrated. The samples can be tuned as single‐phase solid solution (SS) or two‐phase system with nanoscale precipitates (Nano) based on the annealing processes. The GeTe alloying results in band structure modification by widening the bandgap and increasing the density‐of‐states effective mass of PbTe, resulting in significantly enhanced Seebeck coefficients. The nanoscale precipitates can improve the power factor in the low temperature range and further reduce the lattice thermal conductivity (κlat). Specifically, the Seebeck coefficient of Pb0.988Sb0.012Te–13%GeTe–Nano approaches −280 µV K−1 at 673 K with a low κlat of 0.56 W m−1 K−1 at 573 K. Consequently, a peak ZT value of 1.38 is achieved at 623 K. Moreover, a high average ZTavg value of ≈1.04 is obtained in the temperature range from 300 to 773 K for n‐type Pb0.988Sb0.012Te–13%GeTe–Nano.