bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound can help to indirectly predict contact of parotid tumors to the facial nerve, correct intraglandular localization, and appropriate surgical technique
Authors: Psychogios Georgios , Rueger Holger , Jering Monika , Tsoures Eleni , Künzel Julian , Zenk Johannes 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this prospective study is to evaluate the role of ultrasound in benign parotid tumor surgery, particularly by helping to identify the tumor location and its relationship to the facial nerve (FN) and by predicting the appropriate surgical approach.MethodsFifty patients underwent preoperative ultrasound. The course of the FN was indirectly defined, and the following predictions were made: contact of the tumor with the FN, the necessity for intraoperative nerve exposure, localization in the correct parotid lobe, and choice of the appropriate surgical technique.ResultsContact of parotid tumors with the FN was determined with an accuracy of 96%. The need for intraoperative nerve exposure was incorrectly determined only once. The appropriate surgical technique was correctly predicted in 98% of the patients.ConclusionsUltrasound is helpful for indirectly predicting the relationship between parotid tumors and the FN. The retromandibular vein is the most important landmark.
Citric acid modification of a polymer exhibits antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties in stem cells and tissues
Authors: Wu Xiaopei , Dai Honglian , Xu Chao , Liu Langlang , Li Shipu 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBiomaterials can be used as carriers of antioxidant or drug to the oxidative injury site of tissue and decrease intracellular oxidative stress levels, however, low dosage delivery or unstable molecular structure of antioxidant or drug limited the long‐term sustained release. A chemically stable antioxidant molecule is essential to serve as antioxidant structure components of biomaterials that may provide the relatively high antioxidant content and persisting local antioxidant release with the degradation of materials. In this study, we used citric acid modified polyvinyl alcohol (PVA‐C) as a model biomaterial to investigate the role of citric acid on the material stimulated antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory effects. In cellular‐based assays, PVA‐C extracts showed a protective effects on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) under oxidative stress. It could enhance the antiapoptotic ability of stem cells by inhibiting reactive oxygen species. Further studies revealed that PVA‐C extracts upregulated the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and superoxide dismutase [Mn] (SOD2). in vivo animal assays, PVA‐C extracts showed significant inhibitory effects on the oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction which were induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). These findings suggest that the citric acid modified polymer can regulate the redox signaling of stem cells and tissues by the release of citric acid from materials, leading to enhanced oxidative stress‐induced degenerative diseases and inflammatory diseases therapy.
Antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory effects of the monocarbonyl curcumin analogs B2BRBC and C66 in monocrotaline‐induced right ventricular hypertrophy
Authors: Hadzi‐Petrushev Nikola , Angelovski Marija , Rebok Katerina , Mitrokhin Vadim , Kamkin Andre , Mladenov Mitko 
Published: June 2019

AbstractFor 22 days after monocrotaline injection two groups of rats received either of the monocarbonyl curcumin analogs (2E,6E)‐2,6‐bis(2‐bromobenzylidene)cycloxehanone (B2BrBC) and (2E,6E)‐2,6‐bis([2‐triﬂuoromethyl]benzylidene)cyclohexanone (C66), and their right ventricle parameters were compared to those from the control and the monocrotaline injected animals. B2BrBC and C66 treatments did not prevent the monocrotaline‐induced right ventricular hypertrophy but attenuated the changes in antioxidant enzyme activities and reduced inflammation. The level of thiol‐based nonenzymatic antioxidants did not change in the function of monocrotaline or curcumin analogs treatment. However, due to its stronger antioxidant properties, only B2BrBC treatment was effective in the reduction of monocrotaline‐associated lipid peroxidation. The obtained results suggest that increasing the levels of antioxidant enzymes may not be sufficient to reduce oxidative stress and chronic inflammation optimally and our current study supports the potential of compounds with more than one beneficial biological activity as a promising treatment against the progression of cardiac hypertrophy.
Metal‐free aerobic oxidative esterification of aromatic aldehydes promoted by potassium fluoride (KF)
Authors: Soltani Roghaye , Ghaderi Arash 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWe investigated the oxidative esterification of aldehydes with alcohols/phenols to produce a range of esters. In this approach, we conducted the reaction under metal‐free conditions at room temperature. The reactions were promoted by potassium fluoride (KF) as the additive, resulting in the desired product in good to high yields. This procedure was found to be effective for the production of aryl esters, which are challenging in most of the available reports. It is vital for this procedure not to exclude air as the source of oxygen.
Synthesis of micronized CaO assisted by NH4HCO3 with Ca(OH)2 and its application in heterogeneously catalyzing transesterification reaction for producing biodiesel
Authors: Bai Haixin , Liu Xiaohua , Bao Fengyu , Zhao Zhonglin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMicronized CaO with pores was synthesized by calcining the reaction product CaCO3 from NH4HCO3 and Ca(OH)2. Scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, X‐ray fluorescence, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis were used to characterize CaO, which confirmed that after calcining at 800°C for 2 hr, CaCO3 was completely converted into porous micronized CaO with a surface area of about 7.295 m2/g and a particle size of 0.5–1.5 μm. The porous CaO microparticles were used as heterogeneous catalysts for producing biodiesel from transesterification of soybean oil and methanol. The influences of reaction time, calcined temperature, and reusability of CaO were explored. The experiments showed that CaO has high catalytic activity for transesterification reaction, and the yield of biodiesel reaches more than 98% under the conditions of methanol/oil mole ratio of 9, and the catalyst amount (catalyst/oil) of 3% after reaction for 2.5 hr. The CaO catalyst can be recycled easily and it also has the advantage of low pollution. Simple synthetic route, low cost, high catalytic activity, good reusability, and great potential for industrialization are the advantages of the porous micronized CaO catalyst that was proposed in this work.
Psychiatric disorders among offspring of patients with Bipolar and Borderline Personality Disorder
Authors: Küng Anne‐Lise , Pham Eleonore , Cordera Paolo , Hasler Roland , Aubry Jean‐Michel , Dayer Alexandre , Perroud Nader , Piguet Camille 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveAs part of a larger study investigating biological risk factors for bipolar disorder (BD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD), we investigated the prevalence of psychiatric diagnoses presented by young BD or BPD offspring. With respect to the scarcity of studies interested in psychiatric disorders among BPD offspring, we have chosen to report these results despite the small sample size for a prevalence study.MethodWe recruited 21 BD and 22 BPD offspring and 23 control subjects. All subjects were assessed with a structured interview.ResultsOur main finding suggests that BPD offspring present a higher rate of psychiatric disorders compared to BD offspring. Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder was the most prevalent disorder.ConclusionOur results contribute to the evidence that offspring of patients with BPD, are at high risk with regard to their mental health and deserve both more research and special attention at the clinical level.
Cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase is expressed in α‐cells from human and murine pancreas
Authors: Westermeier Francisco , Holyoak Todd , Gatica Rodrigo , Martínez Fernando , Negrón Marianne , Yáñez Alejandro J. , Nahmias Daniel , Nualart Francisco , Burbulis Ian , Bertinat Romina 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe pancreatic islets of Langerhans, mainly formed by glucagon‐producing α‐cells and insulin‐producing β‐cells, are critical for glucose homeostasis. Insulin and glucagon oppositely modulate blood glucose levels in health, but a combined decline in insulin secretion together with increased glucagon secretion contribute to hyperglycemia in diabetes. Despite this bi‐hormonal dysregulation, most studies have focused on insulin secretion and much less is known about glucagon secretion. Therefore, a deeper understanding of α‐cell metabolism and glucagon secretion is of great interest. Here, we show that phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PCK1), an essential cataplerotic enzyme involved in metabolism and long considered to be absent from the pancreatic islet, is expressed in pancreatic α‐cells of both murine and human. Furthermore, PCK1 transcription is induced by fasting and diabetes in rat pancreas, which indicates that the PCK1 activity is required for α‐cell adaptation to different metabolic states. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence implicating PCK1 expression in α‐cell metabolism.
Genetic testing and eHealth usage among Deaf women
Authors: Kushalnagar Poorna , Holcomb Juliana , Sadler Georgia R. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn the past decade, accessible information in American Sign Language (ASL) about cancer and genetic testing is expanding on eHealth platforms, including social network sites, commercial sites, and mobile apps. Primary data on genetic testing awareness and genetic testing for BRCA 1/2 among Deaf women were gathered using HINTS‐ASL survey between November 2016 and April 2018, and secondary data for hearing women were drawn from NCI's HINTS 5 Cycle 1 survey in 2017. Deaf women who had heard of DNA testing (63%) were more likely to be young adults, college graduates, and/or have a family history of cancer. Compared to hearing women, Deaf women who had heard of genetic testing were more likely to use social networking sites to read or share information about medical topics and watch health‐related videos. Making eHealth platforms accessible in ASL and easy‐to‐understand text can help reduce knowledge gap in genetic testing, since some Deaf women may not be using genetic testing to help identify whether they are at increased risk for breast and ovarian cancer early on, before they are diagnosed with cancer.
Extraction of male steroids and progesterone from water by vegetable oil gels and their determination by partial filling capillary micellar electrokinetic chromatography
Authors: Sirén Heli , El Fellah Samira 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMicroemulsion gels were synthetized from macadamia, linseed, olive, walnut, rapeseed, sesame, and coconut oils and frying oil made from sunflower, palm, and rapeseed oils. The gels were similar as polyacrylamide–based gels with exception of replacing dodecyl sulfate with vegetable oils. The gels were modified with celluloses, cotton, or lignin to make the emulsions sustainable for water purification. They were used to compare sorption properties when they were used as solid‐phase adsorbents in isolation of steroids from water. Hydrophobicity features of the gels were compared by detecting adsorption and extraction efficiency of nonpolar androstenedione, testosterone, and progesterone, which exist in wastewater and drinking water. Quantification was done with partial filling–micellar electrokinetic chromatography with 29.5 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate–3.4 mM sodium taurocholate as the micelle and 20 mM ammonium acetate (pH 9.68) as the electrolyte. UV‐detection was used. Methanol was the best eluent for extraction of steroids from gels. The highest recoveries were from frying oil and rapeseed oil gels modified with celluloses. They also possessed the best floating properties on water surface. Lignin modified gels were too hydrophilic, when in touch with water they filled up with water. They also had the lowest capacity.
Anaerobic methane oxidation is an important sink for methane in the ocean's largest oxygen minimum zone
Authors: Thamdrup Bo , Steinsdóttir Herdís G. R. , Bertagnolli Anthony D. , Padilla Cory C. , Patin Nastassia V. , Garcia‐Robledo Emilio , Bristow Laura A. , Stewart Frank J. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWe investigated methane oxidation in the oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) of the eastern tropical North Pacific (ETNP) off central Mexico. Methane concentrations in the anoxic core of the OMZ reached ~ 20 nmol L−1 at off shelf sites and 34 nmol L−1 at a shelf site. Rates of methane oxidation were determined in ship‐board incubations with 3H‐labeled methane at O2 concentrations 0–75 nmol L−1. In vertical profiles at off‐shelf stations, highest rates were found between the secondary nitrite maximum at ~ 130 m and the methane maximum at 300–400 m in the anoxic core. Methane oxidation was inhibited by addition of 1 μmol L−1 oxygen, which, together with the depth distribution, indicated an anaerobic pathway. A coupling to nitrite reduction was further indicated by the inhibitory effect of the nitric oxide scavenger 2‐phenyl‐4,4,5,5‐tetramethylimidazoline‐1‐oxyl‐3‐oxide (PTIO). Metatranscriptomes from the anoxic OMZ core supported the likely involvement of nitrite‐reducing bacteria of the NC10 clade in anaerobic methane oxidation, but also indicated a potential role for nitrate‐reducing euryarchaeotal methane oxidizers (ANME‐2d). Gammaproteobacteria of the Methanococcales were further detected in both 16S rRNA gene amplicons and metatranscriptomes, but the role of these presumed obligately aerobic methane oxidizers in the anoxic OMZ core is unclear. Given available estimates of water residence time, the measured rates and rate constants (up to ~ 1 yr−1) imply that anaerobic methane oxidation is a substantial methane sink in the ETNP OMZ and hence attenuates the emission of methane from this and possibly other OMZs.
Choosing a reference phase for a dynamic tumor tracking treatment: A new degree of freedom?
Authors: Ziegler Marc , Lettmaier Sebastian , Fietkau Rainer , Bert Christoph 
Published: June 2019

PurposeWith the introduction of dynamic tumor tracking in radiotherapy, it is possible to irradiate moving targets with minimal safety margins. However, most dynamic tumor tracking techniques rely on changing the beam geometry by, for example, adapting the multileaf collimator (MLC) positions or rotating the LINAC head. These changes are relative to a reference position which is determined by a specific breathing phase. Since these changes in the beam path also influence the delivered dose, choosing a different reference position based on a different breathing phase impacts the applied dose to the patient. This work investigates the influence of choosing different reference breathing phases on the dose distribution.MethodsThe Vero system tracks the moving target by performing a pan and tilt rotation of the LINAC head. For 13 patients, the target position was extracted from every phase of a four‐dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) and the pan and tilt values were determined with respect to three different reference phases. These reference phases were inspiration, expiration, and the midventilation. For all reference phases, a 4D dose calculation was performed on the 4DCT regarding the respective pan and tilt values. Furthermore, the applied dose to the target and surrounding organs at risk was calculated. To accumulate the dose distribution, weights from the actual patient breathing motion were determined. The weights were calculated from the breathing motions from different days to investigate the impact of daily variations in the breathing motion onto the accumulated dose distribution. All obtained values were then compared to the static treatment plan.ResultsThe mean and maximum doses applied to the target or surrounding organs at risk show no general behavior depending on the different reference phases. Nevertheless, for some patients, large differences (approx. 30%) in the applied dose to certain organs at risk could be observed, whereas the applied dose to the target shows no dependency on the different reference phases. However, the mean target dose is in all cases approx. 1.5% below the reference value from the static treatment plan.ConclusionAlthough no general dependency of the applied dose on the selected reference phase could be found, the choice of the reference phase can have great impact on the organ at risk dose for some patients. Thus, the choice of the reference phase used for patient positioning should be considered during treatment planning since it can be seen as a new degree of freedom of a treatment based on tracking.
Management of chronic myeloid leukemia in children and adolescents: Recommendations from the Children's Oncology Group CML Working Group
Authors: Athale Uma , Hijiya Nobuko , Patterson Briana C. , Bergsagel John , Andolina Jeffrey R. , Bittencourt Henrique , Schultz Kirk R. , Burke Michael J. , Redell Michele S. , Kolb E. Anders , Johnston Donna L. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractChronic myeloid leukemia (CML) accounts for 2‐3% of leukemias in children under 15 and 9% in adolescents aged 15‐19. The diagnosis and management of CML in children, adolescents, and young adults have several differences compared to that in adults. This review outlines the diagnosis and management of the underlying disease as well as challenges that can occur when dealing with CML in this patient population.
Why some early college high school students do not transition to a 4‐year college: An exploration of perceived barriers and schooling experiences on students’ transition plans
Authors: Hutchins Bryan C. , Arshavsky Nina , Edmunds Julie A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis study examined why some seniors attending Early College High Schools did not plan to continue their education at a 4‐year college immediately after graduation despite attending schools designed to provide coordinated academic and social supports with the expectation that all students would continue their education. Most students in our study (75%) did plan to continue their education at a 4‐year college immediately after graduation. For the remaining students, we used cluster analysis to identify four distinct groups of noncollege bound students. These groups were evaluated based on background characteristics, perceived opportunities and barriers, and schooling experiences. Results indicate that noncollege bound students are diverse in their reasons for not continuing their education at a 4‐year program and that any reform efforts designed to personalize opportunities and supports for these students must take into account how combinations of perceived opportunities and barriers shape their postsecondary decisions.
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Modulate Corneal Alloimmunity via Secretion of Hepatocyte Growth Factor
Authors: Mittal Sharad K. , Foulsham William , Shukla Sachin , Elbasiony Elsayed , Omoto Masahiro , Chauhan Sunil K. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells that participate in tissue repair and possess considerable immunomodulatory potential. MSCs have been shown to promote allograft survival, yet the mechanisms behind this phenomenon have not been fully defined. Here, we investigate the capacity of MSCs to suppress the allogeneic immune response by secreting the pleiotropic molecule hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). Using an in vivo mouse model of corneal transplantation, we report that MSCs promote graft survival in an HGF-dependent manner. Moreover, our data indicate that topically administered recombinant HGF (a) suppresses antigen-presenting cell maturation in draining lymphoid tissue, (b) limits T-helper type-1 cell generation, (c) decreases inflammatory cell infiltration into grafted tissue, and (d) is itself sufficient to promote transplant survival. These findings have potential translational implications for the development of HGF-based therapeutics. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:1030–1040
Rational engagement buffers the effect of conservatism on one's reported relevance of the theory of evolution
Authors: Short Stephen D. , Lastrapes Katherine A. , Natale Noelle E. , McBrady Erin E. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPrevious research has noted one's knowledge of and attitudes toward the theory of evolution is negatively predicted by one's political ideology, specifically how conservative the individual identifies, and positively predicted by one's level rational thinking. The present research expands on this past research by examining the roles of political conservatism and rational thinking in predicting one's reported relevance of evolutionary theory in a multi‐study design. In Study 1, a sample of undergraduate college students (N = 198) completed a survey with measures of conservatism, rational and intuitive thinking styles, including both engagement and ability, and attitudes toward the relevance of evolutionary theory. A multiple mediator model revealed that conservatism was a negative predictor rational engagement, rational engagement was a positive predictor of relevance of evolution, and the indirect effect of conservatism on relevance of evolution through rational engagement was significant. In Study 2, a new sample of college students (N = 146) completed an experiment where rational engagement was manipulated. Conservatism negatively predicted relevance of evolution for individuals who were not primed to engage in rational thought and were below average in rational ability. Conversely, conservatism was not a significant predictor of relevance of evolution for individuals who were primed to engage in rational thought, and who had below average rational ability scores. These results suggest that when individuals are lower in rational ability, priming for rational engagement may be effective at buffering the effect of conservatism on one's reported relevance of evolution. Thus, examining additional procedures for increasing one's rational engagement may be useful for educators and researchers interested in reducing the effects of political ideology on one's knowledge of and attitudes toward evolution.