bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acupotomy versus nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Zhang Renpan , Li Lixiang , Chen Bin , Liu Hong , Liu Jing , Zhang Liangzhi , Xiu Zhongbiao 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background:
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA), a common clinical chronic osteoarthropathy, has adverse effects on the working ability and life quality of patients. At present, acupotomy and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been widely applied on KOA in China and has achieved satisfactory results. However, there is no systematic review comparing the effectiveness of these two therapies for KOA. Therefore, this study will assess the efficacy and safety of acupotomy in treating KOA.

Methods and analysis:
Several databases including CNKI, Wanfang Database, CBM, VIP, PubMed, Cochrane library, Web of Science, and Embase will be used by two independent researchers to search the related clinical RCTs about acupotomy therapy for KOA patients until May 2019. Subsequently, meta-analysis will be conducted by using Review Manager 5.3, and the related data will be analyzed by using the method for GRADE. The continuous data will be presented as the WMD or SMD with 95% CI, while dichotomous data will be shown as the RR with 95% CI.

Conclusion:
Our results review will provide evidence to determine whether acupotomy can achieve the effect of NSAIDs, or whether it has advantages and safety compared with NSAIDs for patients with KOA.

Ethics and dissemination:
This study will not involve personal information. The ethical approval will not be required. This systematic review will be disseminated electronically through a peer-reviewed journal or international conference presentations.

PROSPERO registration number:
CRD42019129089.
Effectiveness comparisons of traditional Chinese medicine for psoriasis
Authors: Wang Longjun , Tao Yun , Deng Sheng , Chu Liyuan , Li Linge 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackground:Psoriasis is an immune-mediated polygenic hereditary skin disease quality of the patients‘ life because of the great trouble it causes to patients. Whereas, there is variability when we regard the selection of traditional Chinese medicine treatments in practice and most choices are made based on personal experience or preference of clinician. This study uses network meta-analysis to compare the effectiveness of different forms of TCM for psoriasis and assesses the evidence with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.Methods:We will search for PubMed, Cochrane Library, AMED, EMbase, WorldSciNet; Nature, Science online and China Journal Full-text Database (CNKI), China Biomedical Literature CD-ROM Database (CBM), and related randomized controlled trials included in the China Resources Database. The time is limited from the construction of the library to April 2019. The quality of the included RCTs will be evaluated by the risk of bias (ROB) tool and the evidence will be evaluated by GRADE. STATA 13.0 and WinBUGS 1.4.3 through the GeMTC package will be used to perform a network meta-analysis to synthesize direct and indirect evidence.Results:The results of this network meta-analysis (NMA) will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication.Trial registration number:PROSPERO CRD42019137250.
Quantitative stiffness of the median nerve, flexor tendons, and flexor retinaculum in the carpal tunnel measured with acoustic radiation force impulse elastography in various wrist and finger positions
Authors: Lee Sungche , Kwak Jinmyong , Lee Sanghoon , Cho Hyuncheol , Oh Eunsun , Park Ji Woong 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Despite the high prevalence and clinical importance of soft-tissue disorders, objective methods for evaluation of the biomechanical properties of soft tissues are lacking. This study aimed to quantitatively evaluate stiffness, an important biomechanical characteristic of soft tissue, using acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography. The shear wave velocity (SWV, m/s) values of soft tissue structures within the carpal tunnel (CT) were measured in various combinations of wrist and finger positions.
Twenty-six healthy adults were enrolled in this study. We measured the cross-sectional area of the median nerve (MN) and the SWV values of several structures within the CT at the CT inlet level. Measurement of SWV of the MN, flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS), flexor digitorum profundus (FDP), and transverse carpal ligament (TCL) were conducted in six wrist/finger motion combinations.
When the wrist and fingers were in neutral positions (position A), the mean SWV was lowest for the MN (mean ± standard deviation, 2.3 ± 0.5 m/s), followed by the FDS (2.9 ± 0.2), FDP (3.2 ± 0.3), and TCL (3.3 ± 0.4). The SWV was significantly different among the six different wrist/finger positions for all structures (P < .001). However, the MN cross-sectional area was not significantly different (P = .527). The SWV values for the MN, FDS, and FDP increased significantly as the wrist/finger positions the stress on the tendons increased (from position B to F) compared with a neutral position, while the SWV of the TCL was significantly higher for in all positions compared with neutral, except for wrist neutral, finger extension. The SWV values for the MN, FDS, and TCL gradually increased as stress increased.
The intra-CT structures are under increased stress during wrist and finger motions than when the hand is in a neutral position. We have used ARFI elastography to gain insight into the pathophysiology of CTS.
Clinical implications of fecal calprotectin and fecal immunochemical test on mucosal status in patients with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Ryu Dae Gon , Kim Hyung Wook , Park Su Bum , Kang Dae Hwan , Choi Cheol Woong , Kim Su Jin , Nam Hyeong Seok 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Although fecal calprotectin (Fcal) and the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) have been associated with endoscopic activity in ulcerative colitis (UC), the clinical implications of each marker depending on the mucosal status are not well known.
A total of 174 results obtained from 128 patients with UC who simultaneously underwent colonoscopy and fecal tests were retrospectively evaluated from March 2015 to February 2018. The correlation and predictability of fecal markers as a surrogate marker of endoscopic activity, and the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value of fecal tests for mucosal healing were statistically evaluated.
Both fecal tests showed a statistically significant correlation with Mayo Endoscopic Subscore (MES) (Fcal: r = 0.678, P < .001 and FIT: r = 0.635, P < .001) and Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity (UCEIS) (Fcal: r = 0.711, P < .001 and FIT: r = 0.657, P < .001). Fcal was statistically superior to FIT in predictive accuracy for endoscopic activity (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.863 vs 0.765 with MES, P < .001 and AUC; 0.847 vs 0.757 with UCEIS, P < .001). FIT was superior to Fcal in sensitivity for mucosal healing (98.0% vs 78.4% with MES, 94.9% vs 74.6% with UCEIS).
Fcal and FIT were well correlated with endoscopic activity in UC and can be surrogate markers of mucosal inflammation. Depending on mucosal status, Fcal was more accurate in predicting the endoscopic activity in active inflammation, whereas FIT was more sensitive in predicting the achievement of mucosal healing.
Risk of liver fibrosis progression in patients with suboptimal diagnosis of hepatitis C virus infection
Authors: Morales-Arraez Dalia , Nieto Bujalance Yolanda , Diaz-Flores Felicitas , de Vera Antonia , Jiménez Alejandro , Garcia Dopico Jose Antonio , Quintero Enrique , Hernández-Guerra Manuel 
Published: September 2019

Objective
Many hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients have a suboptimal diagnosis. Particularly, the characteristics and risk of fibrosis progression of HCV antibody-positive patients without RNA testing are unknown.

Methods
Patients with a positive HCV antibody performed during 2005–2007 were classified based on RNA request and result until January 2017. Fibrosis was estimated with serologic scores.

Results
Of the 38 246 HCV tests performed, 791 (2.01%) patients tested positive. At the end of the follow-up (median 128.6 months, range 109.8–145.9), 49.43% (n = 391) of the subjects did not have RNA testing, 13.02% (n = 103) had undetectable RNA, and 37.55% (n = 297) had detectable RNA. After excluding patients without data for AST to platelet ratio index calculation (n = 334), patients without RNA testing (n = 122) compared with RNA undetectable (n = 92) were more frequently men (68.9 versus 46.7%), alcohol (52.6 versus 38.2%) and drug (53.0 versus 39.1%) users, lacking social support (50.4 versus 29.3%), and showed higher basal fibrosis. Patients without RNA testing had a significantly higher increase in the percentage of patients with ≥F2 (P = 0.035) and cirrhosis (P = 0.022). The relative risk for ≥F2 and cirrhosis in patients without RNA testing was 3.03 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.54–5.98] and 4.31 (95% CI: 1.42–13.10), respectively. Non-RNA request was an independent predictor factor for progression to cirrhosis.

Conclusion
In our cohort, patients with positive HCV antibody without RNA testing were more likely to be people at risk of social exclusion with an increased risk of fibrosis progression, because non-RNA request was a predictor for cirrhosis. Therefore, we urge support measures and strategies to link to care these difficult-to-treat populations.
A New Surgical Method to Reconstruct the Fingertip
Authors: Yang Jianyun , Yu Cong , Jia Xiaotian 
Published: September 2019

Background
In our previous study, we used cross finger fascial flap combined with split-thickness toe nail bed graft to reconstruct large area defect of the nail bed with distal phalanx exposure. Fingertip avulsions are common injuries to the upper extremity and cause a great deal of distress for patients. Replantation, amputation and flap coverage are considered. However, all these methods have their limitations.

Methods
Five patients with fingertip avulsions were enrolled. We used the methods mentioned above combined with the reversed pedicled island flap to covered the defects of both the dorsal and volar sides and reconstruct the fingertip.

Results
All the 5 patients were followed for at least 3 months. The blood supply of the flaps and nail bed is good. All the patients were satisfied with their new fingertips.

Conclusions
The method we introduced in this study is proved to be an effective surgical method for fingertip avulsions.
Surgical Management of Gunshot Injury to the Temporomandibular Joint
Authors: Santos Marcelo Soares dos , Gonçalves Kalyne Kelly Negromonte , Silva Caio César Gonçalves , Diniz Demóstenes Alves , Vasconcelos Belmiro Cavalcanti do Egito 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
One of the indications of the surgical approach of the temporomandibular joint is the presence of foreign body in its interior. However, joint handling offers risks, especially bleeding. In these cases, angiography and embolization of the arteries involved with the projectile play an important role in the prevention of complications. In this report, the authors describe a case of a 23-year-old male victim of firearm attack with comminuted fracture of the right mandibular condyle. The patient underwent angiography and prophylactic embolization of the arteries adjacent to the foreign body. A surgical procedure was performed to remove the projectile and bone fragments with the aid of the X-ray image intensifier, which resulted in the restoration of mandibular function, absence of joint pain, and satisfactory dental occlusion. This case shows the importance of auxiliary imaging methods for performing a safe surgical procedure for removal of ballistic and bony fragments from the interior of the temporomandibular joint.
EP2 Receptor Blockade Attenuates COX-2 Upregulation During Intestinal Inflammation
Authors: Golden Jamie , Illingworth Laura , Kavarian Patil , Escobar Oswaldo , Delaplain Patrick , Isani Mubina , Wang Jin , Lim Joanna , Bowling Jordan , Bell Brandon , Gayer Christopher P. , Grishin Anatoly , Ford Henri R. 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
High levels of PGE2 have been implicated in the pathogenesis of intestinal inflammatory disorders such as necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and peritonitis. However, PGE2 has a paradoxical effect: its low levels promote intestinal homeostasis, whereas high levels may contribute to pathology. These concentration-dependent effects are mediated by four receptors, EP1-EP4. In this study, we evaluate the effect of blockade of the low affinity pro-inflammatory receptors EP1 and EP2 on expression of COX-2, the rate-limiting enzyme in PGE2 biosynthesis, and on gut barrier permeability using cultured enterocytes and three different models of intestinal injury. PGE2 upregulated COX-2 in IEC-6 enterocytes, and this response was blocked by the EP2 antagonist PF-04418948, but not by the EP1 antagonist ONO-8711 or EP4 antagonist E7046. In the neonatal rat model of NEC, EP2 antagonist and low dose of COX-2 inhibitor Celecoxib, but not EP1 antagonist, reduced NEC pathology as well as COX-2 mRNA and protein expression. In the adult mouse endotoxemia and cecal ligation/puncture models, EP2, but not EP1 genetic deficiency decreased COX-2 expression in the intestine. Our results indicate that the EP2 receptor plays a critical role in the positive feedback regulation of intestinal COX-2 by its end-product PGE2 during inflammation and may be a novel therapeutic target in the treatment of NEC.
True Short Esophagus in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Authors: Lugaresi Marialuisa , Mattioli Benedetta , Daddi Niccolò , Bassi Francesco , Pilotti Vladimiro , Ferruzzi Luca , Mattioli Sandro 
Published: September 2019

Objective:
To explore the true short esophagus (TSE) frequency and long-term results of patients undergoing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or hiatus hernia (HH) surgery.

Background:
The existence and treatment of TSE during GERD/HH surgery is controversial. Satisfactory long-term results have been achieved with and without surgical techniques dedicated to TSE.

Methods:
In 311 consecutive patients undergoing minimally invasive surgery for GERD/HH, the distance between the endoscopically-localized gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) and the apex of the diaphragmatic hiatus after maximal thoracic esophagus mobilization was measured. A standard Nissen fundoplication (SN) was performed in cases with an abdominal length >1.5 cm; in cases of TSE (abdominal length <1.5 cm), a Collis-Nissen (CN) or stomach around the stomach fundoplication (SASF) in elderly patients was performed. The fundoplication superior margin was fixed below the hiatus, but over the GEJ. The patients’ symptoms, and radiological and endoscopic data were pre/postoperatively recorded.

Results:
After intrathoracic esophageal mobilization (median 9 cm), TSE was diagnosed in 31.8% of 311 cases. With a median follow-up of 96 months (309 patients), HH relapse was radiologically diagnosed in 3.2% of patients, with excellent, good, fair, and poor outcomes in 45.6%, 44.3%, 6.2%, and 3.9% of cases, respectively, and no significant differences among SN (68.5%), CN (26.4%), and SASF (5.2%).

Conclusions:
TSE was present in 31.8% of patients routinely submitted to GERD/HH surgery. In the presence of TSE, CN and SASF performed according to determined surgical principles may achieve similar satisfactory results. This finding warrants confirmation with a prospective multicenter study.
Alcohol-related trauma reinjury prevention with hospital-based screening in adult populations: An Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma evidence-based systematic review
Authors: Kodadek Lisa M. , Freeman Jennifer J. , Tiwary Devesh , Drake Mack Dillon , Schroeder M. Elizabeth , Dultz Linda , White Cassandra , Abdel Aziz Hiba , Crandall Marie , Como John J. , Rattan Rishi 
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND
Unaddressed alcohol use among injured patients may result in recurrent injury or death. Many trauma centers incorporate alcohol screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment for injured patients with alcohol use disorders, but systematic reviews evaluating the impact of these interventions are lacking.

METHODS
An evidence-based systematic review was performed to answer the following population, intervention, comparator, outcomes question: Among adult patients presenting for acute injury, should emergency department, trauma center, or hospital-based alcohol screening with brief intervention and/or referral to treatment be instituted compared with usual care to prevent or decrease reinjury, hospital readmission, alcohol-related offenses, and/or alcohol consumption? A librarian-initiated query of PubMed, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library was performed. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation methodology was used to assess the quality of the evidence and create recommendations. The study was registered with PROSPERO (registration number CRD42019122333).

RESULTS
Eleven studies met criteria for inclusion, with a total of 1,897 patients who underwent hospital-based alcohol screening, brief intervention, and/or referral to treatment for appropriate patients. There was a relative paucity of data, and studies varied considerably in terms of design, interventions, and outcomes of interest. Overall evidence was assessed as low quality, but a large effect size of intervention was present.

CONCLUSION
In adult trauma patients, we conditionally recommend emergency department, trauma center, or hospital-based alcohol screening with brief intervention and referral to treatment for appropriate patients in order to reduce alcohol-related reinjury.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Systematic review, Level III.
Opioid Overdose in Ohio: Comprehensive Analysis of Associated Socioeconomic Factors
Authors: Park Chihyun , Crawford Sara , Lopez Rocio , Seballos Anna , Clemenceau Jean R. , Coy Tyler , Atluri Gowtham , Hwang Tae Hyun 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTObjectiveOur study focused on identifying socioeconomic factors associated with death by opioid overdose in Ohio communities at the census tract level.Materials and MethodsA large-scale vital statistic dataset from Ohio Department of Health (ODH) and U.S. Census datasets were used to obtain opioid-related death rate and socioeconomic characteristics for all census tracts in Ohio. Regression analysis was performed to identify the relationships between socioeconomic factors of census tracts and the opioid-related death rate for both urban and rural tracts.ResultsIn Ohio from 2010-2016, whites, males, and people aged 25-44 had the highest opioid-related death rates. At the census tract level, higher death rates were associated with certain socioeconomic characteristics (e.g. percentage of the census tract population living in urban areas, percentage divorced/separated, percentage of vacant housing units). Predominately rural areas had a different population composition than urban areas, and death rates in rural areas exhibited fewer associations with socioeconomic characteristics.DiscussionPredictive models of opioid-related death rates based on census tract-level characteristics held for urban areas more than rural ones, reflecting the recently observed rural-to-urban geographic shift in opioid-related deaths. Future research is needed to examine the geographic distribution of opioid abuse throughout Ohio and in other states.ConclusionRegression analysis identified associations between population characteristics and opioid-related death rates of Ohio census tracts. These analyses can help government officials and law official workers prevent, predict and combat opioid abuse at the community level.
Increased Frequency of Acute Illness and Hospitalizations in Infants and Toddlers with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
Authors: Tseng Teresa , Seagroves Amy , Koppin Christina M. , Keenan Madison , Putterman Elana , Nguyen Eugene , Chand Sanjay , Geffner Mitchell E. , Chang Todd P. , Kim Mimi S. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPurposeInfants and toddlers with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) are at high risk for adrenal crisis and associated sequelae. To better understand acute illness at this early age, we determined the frequency and severity of acute illness and hospitalizations between 0-4 years of age, both within CAH and compared to controls. We also evaluated the impact of pre-hospital stress-dose hydrocortisone on Emergency Department (ED) visits and hospitalizations.MethodsWe performed a retrospective study of 40 CAH youth and 27 age-matched controls at a tertiary center. Characteristics of acute illnesses during the first 4 years of life were recorded, including fever, vomiting, diarrhea, ED visits, hospitalizations, abnormal electrolytes, and stress-dose hydrocortisone usage.ResultsCAH youth had more frequent illnesses requiring stress-dosing when they were younger than 2 years old [4.0 (1.0-6.0)] compared to when they were 2-4 years old [3.0 (1.0-4.0), P < 0.05], with the most illnesses during their first year of life. As well, CAH infants and toddlers had more hospitalizations younger than 2 years old compared to 2-4 years old (36 vs 2). 25% (3/12) of CAH youth with abnormal electrolytes in the ED did not receive any stress-dosing (oral/IM) prior to the ED, and only 25% (3/12) had received intramuscular hydrocortisone at home. CAH youth had more frequent ED visits (7.4 times as many) and hospitalizations (38 to 0) compared to controls.ConclusionsVery young children with classical CAH are at high risk for acute illness and hospitalizations during their first 2 years of life, and do not receive adequate stress-dosing prior to the ED despite appropriate education. Our findings underscore the need for earlier recognition of acute illness in this vulnerable population and improved education regarding administration of stress-dose hydrocortisone to prevent morbidity.
Bat coronavirus phylogeography in the Western Indian Ocean
Authors: Joffrin Léa , Goodman Steven M. , Wilkinson David A. , Ramasindrazana Beza , Lagadec Erwan , Gomard Yann , Minter Gildas Le , Dos Santos Andréa , Schoeman M. Corrie , Sookhareea Rajendraprasad , Tortosa Pablo , Julienne Simon , Gudo Eduardo S. , Mavingui Patrick , Lebarbenchon Camille 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBats provide key ecosystem services such as crop pest regulation, pollination, seed dispersal, and soil fertilization. Bats are also major hosts for biological agents responsible for zoonoses, such as coronaviruses (CoVs). The islands of the Western Indian Ocean are identified as a major biodiversity hotspot, with more than 50 bat species. In this study, we tested 1,013 bats belonging to 36 species from Mozambique, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mayotte, Reunion Island and Seychelles, based on molecular screening and partial sequencing of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene. In total, 88 bats (8.7%) tested positive for coronaviruses, with higher prevalence in Mozambican bats (20.5% ± 4.9%) as compared to those sampled on islands (4.5% ± 1.5%). Phylogenetic analyses revealed a large diversity of α- and β-CoVs and a strong signal of co-evolution between CoVs and their bat host species, with limited evidence for host-switching, except for bat species sharing day roost sites.ImportanceThis is the first study to report the presence of coronaviruses (CoVs) in bats in Mayotte, Mozambique and Reunion Island, and in insectivorous bats in Madagascar. Eight percent of the tested bats were positive for CoVs, with higher prevalence in continental Africa than on islands. A high genetic diversity of α- and β-CoVs was found, with strong association between bat host and virus phylogenies, supporting a long history of co-evolution between bats and their associated CoVs in the Western Indian Ocean. These results highlight that strong variation between islands does exist and is associated with the composition of the bat species community on each island. Future studies should investigate whether CoVs detected in these bats have a potential for spillover in other hosts.