bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The analyst and analysand as citizens in the world
Authors: Peresso Patrizia 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBeginning with Jung's reflections on individuation as a starting point, this article examines the analytic relationship in the context of our current reality. The latter exerts pressures of all sorts that do not favour individuation. Indeed, geopolitical commentators see present‐day society as marked globally by excessive self‐love that seeks to dominate, at the expense of the other. Given that such forms of dominance are now also very prevalent in the workplace, this article examines how to help the increasing number of individuals with highly successful professional careers who suffer from this pressure and who then seek analysis. ‘Progressive movement’, an indicator of and incentive to change, is examined by studying the narrative processes emerging from dream activity ‐ including dreaming with the hands in the sand tray ‐ in the co‐transference. The article highlights how ‘progressive movement’, founded on narrative Competence and on the reflective function, may generate experiences of ‘realistic hope’. The latter signals the start of an individuation process in the analytic couple and, simultaneously, the transformation of both the analyst and the analysand into good enough ‘citizens in the world’.
The judicialisation of EMU politics: Resistance to the EU's new economic governance mechanisms at the domestic level
Authors: SAURUGGER SABINE , FONTAN CLEMENT 
Published: March 2019

AbstractCourts are increasingly asked to deal with fundamental political disagreements in liberal democracies. Because of its political salience and the extent of its consequences, the crisis of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) has exposed such fundamental disagreements between and within its member states, which numerous plaintiffs have brought before domestic courts and the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU). This article analyses this judicialisation of the EMU crisis. Using a database on lawsuits introduced in all 28 member states with regard to crisis measures and the new EMU governance mechanisms introduced since 2010, the authors study which actors use the courts and under which circumstances. Based on a combination of judicialisation and political economy approaches, the article develops a series of assumptions on actors’ motivations in order to understand the reasons for judicialisation in debtor and creditor countries.
Iliopsoas Abscess in Hemodialysis Patients With End‐Stage Kidney Disease
Authors: Kawai Yusuke , Banshodani Masataka , Moriishi Misaki , Sato Tomoyasu , Shintaku Sadanori , Masaki Takao , Kawanishi Hideki 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIliopsoas abscess in HD patients is rare. We examined nine HD patients with iliopsoas abscess (six men and five diabetes mellitus cases) treated between 2005 and 2015. Mean age and dialysis vintage at onset were 72 years and 109 months, respectively. Of the nine patients, four had lumbar orthopedic diseases, and two had all components of the classic triad of iliopsoas abscess at onset. All nine patients underwent percutaneous drainage, while seven underwent antimicrobial therapy. The most common pathogenic bacterium was methicillin‐resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) (n = 5). Four patients had multilocular recurrence on the same side as the initial abscess and did not undergo CT before drainage catheter removal. Five patients died in the hospital, in which three died due to infectious diseases by MRSA. We suggest percutaneous drainage as the first‐line therapy for HD patients with iliopsoas abscess and recommend combining antimicrobial therapy for MRSA, because of poor prognosis.
Neferine in the Lotus Plumule Potentiates the Antitumor Effect of Imatinib in Primary Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Cells In Vitro
Authors: Zhang Yalan , Xiao Yuhang , Dong Qixing , Ouyang Wenjuan , Qin Qun 
Published: March 2019

AbstractImatinib, the prototype BCR‐ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), is the first‐line treatment for Philadelphia chromosome‐positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in the chronic phase. However, a subgroup of patients exhibit poor response or experience relapse. This issue may be overcome by combination therapy using natural compounds. Neferine, a major bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid extracted from “lotus plumule” (seed embryo of lotus) commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine and tea, was used herein in the combination treatment of CML. The MTT assay showed that neferine exerted cytotoxicity in primary CML cells in a dose‐dependent manner. Moreover, low concentrations of neferine (4 and 8 µM) sensitized primary CML cells to imatinib (CI < 1), and significantly decreased its IC50 from 0.70 ± 0.10 to 0.32 ± 0.06 µM and 0.16 ± 0.02 µM, respectively. Cotreatment of neferine and imatinib significantly decreased the expression of BCR‐ABL protein and its molecular chaperone heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) mRNA and protein levels, and further decreased phospho‐extracellular regulated protein kinase 1/2 (p‐Erk1/2) and myeloid cell leukemia (Mcl‐1) expression. These results suggest that neferine might be a potential imatinib sensitizer in CML treatment.Practical applicationIn China, Lotus plumule, the green embryo of lotus, is used as a tea and as a source of herbal medicine in the treatment of anxiety, insomnia, spermatorrhea, and thirst. Additional, neferine, a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid extracted from lotus plumule has been shown to have antitumor potential. Herein, the effect of neferine and imatinib cotreatment on primary CML cells obtained from CML patients was assessed, with a synergistic effect being observed between the two compounds. Therefore, neferine might be a promising natural compound to potentiate imatinib in CML patients.
Current understanding of the role of gut dysbiosis in type 1 diabetes
Authors: Abdellatif Ahmed M. , Sarvetnick Nora E. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractType 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that results from destruction of the insulin‐producing pancreatic β‐cells. The disease mainly affects juveniles. Changes in the composition of the gut microbiota (dysbiosis) and changes in the properties of the gut barrier have been documented in T1D subjects. Because these factors affect immune system functions, they are likely to play a role in disease pathogenesis. However, their exact role is currently not fully understood and is under intensive investigation. In this article we discuss recent advancements depicting the role of intestinal dysbiosis on immunity and autoimmunity in T1D. We also discuss therapies aimed at maintaining a healthy gut barrier as prevention strategies for T1D.
Neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio as indicator to severe complication after pancreaticoduodenectomy or distal pancreatectomy
Authors: Ida Mitsuru , Tachiiri Yuka , Sato Mariko , Kawaguchi Masahiko 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundPancreaticoduodenectomy and distal pancreatectomy are complex procedures with high rates of post‐operative complications. We evaluated the factors associated with post‐operative complications, focusing on pre‐operative hematologic markers such as the neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio, platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio, and prognostic nutritional index.MethodsData from patients (≥age 20) who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy or distal pancreatectomy between January 2013 and December 2017 at a Japanese tertiary hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Patients who failed to complete the operation and those who underwent additional procedure were excluded. The primary outcome was reoperation and unplanned intensive care unit admission before first discharge, and secondary outcome was the length of hospital stay. Multivariate analysis was used to identify explanatory factors associated with post‐operative complications. The differences in length of hospital stay were compared with the Mann‐Whitney U test.ResultsOf 238 eligible patients, 208 with a median age of 71 years were included in the analysis. The median values [1st interquartile range, 3rd interquartile range] of the neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio, platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio, and prognostic nutritional index were 2.65 [1.69, 4.04], 247 [146, 407], and 46.0 [42.0, 49.7], respectively. Eleven patients (5.3%) experienced post‐operative complications. The neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (odds ratio, 1.13; 95% confidence interval, 1.02‐1.26; P = 0.03) and blood loss volume (odds ratio per 100 mL, 1.11; 95% confidence interval, 1.00‐1.22; P = 0.039) were independently associated with post‐operative complications. Post‐operative complications contributed to longer hospital stays (19 [15, 28] vs 33 [22, 65] days, P = 0.005).ConclusionThe neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio and blood loss volume were significantly associated with post‐operative complications, leading to prolonged hospitalization.
Cognitive and emotional impairments underpinning suicidal activity in patients with mood disorders: an fMRI study
Authors: Malhi G. S. , Das P. , Outhred T. , Gessler D. , John Mann J. , Bryant R. 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveMood disorders are strongly associated with suicide, the prevention of which is predicated on timely detection of suicidal activity (ideation, behaviour). Building on our previous work, we sought to determine the nature of neural responses to an emotional‐cognitive task in patients with varying degrees of suicidal activity.MethodSeventy‐nine patients with mood disorders were assessed clinically and scanned using fMRI. Neural responses to an Emotional Face‐Word Stroop task were compared with 66 healthy controls. We identified regions of interest from seven key networks and examined responses to incongruent stimuli (Happy face‐‘Sad’ word; Sad face‐‘Happy’ word).ResultsIn comparison with healthy controls, patients had differential activity during both incongruent conditions. When examining for associations with suicidal activity within the patient group, those with higher scores had decreased default mode network activity for Happy face‐‘Sad’ word manipulation, and increased basal ganglia network activity for Sad face‐‘Happy’ word manipulation, after controlling for patient characteristics.ConclusionThe fMRI findings suggest that suicidal activity in patients with mood disorders may be underpinned by cognitive–emotional deficits. These findings have implications for future suicide research and for achieving a deeper understanding of suicidal activity that may ultimately inform clinical detection and management.
Photovoice in aged care: What do residents value?
Authors: Miller Evonne , Buys Laurie , Donoghue Geraldine 
Published: March 2019

ObjectivesThis paper visually explores older aged care resident's day‐to‐day lived experience, as well as providing a brief introduction to the participatory documentary photography method of photovoice.MethodsTen residents from one Australian residential aged care facility collaborated with researchers and care staff to photograph, reflect on and share their lives. Photographs were shortlisted in individual and group discussions.ResultsResidents' photographs and narratives provide a visual understanding of what they value. Photographs captured three core themes: the restorative joy of nature (frangipanis); active engagement through leisure activities (football); and the value of social interactions and connections, especially with fellow residents and staff (friendship).ConclusionsAs old age and aged care remain virtually invisible within popular visual culture, this research highlights the communicative value of participatory photography for challenging stereotypes, as well as the opportunities, challenges and value of visual methods with this cohort.
Precision medicine for the discovery of treatable mechanisms in severe asthma
Authors: Chung Kian Fan , Adcock Ian M. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAlthough the complex disease of asthma has been defined as being heterogeneous, the extent of its endophenotypes remains unclear. The pharmacological approach to initiating treatment has, until recently, been based on disease control and severity. The introduction of antibody therapies targeting the Type 2 inflammation pathway for patients with severe asthma has resulted in the recognition of an allergic and an eosinophilic phenotype, which are not mutually exclusive. Concomitantly, molecular phenotyping based on a transcriptomic analysis of bronchial epithelial and sputum cells has identified a Type 2 high inflammation cluster characterized by eosinophilia and recurrent exacerbations, as well as Type 2 low clusters linked with IL‐6 trans‐signalling, interferon pathways, inflammasome activation and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation pathways. Systems biology approaches are establishing the links between these pathways or mechanisms, and clinical and physiologic features. Validation of these pathways contributes to defining endotypes and treatable mechanisms. Precision medicine approaches are necessary to link treatable mechanisms with treatable traits and biomarkers derived from clinical, physiologic and inflammatory features of clinical phenotypes. The deep molecular phenotyping of airway samples along with noninvasive biomarkers linked to bioinformatic and machine learning techniques will enable the rapid detection of molecular mechanisms that transgresses beyond the concept of treatable traits.
Mood episodes are associated with increased cortical thinning: A longitudinal study of bipolar disorder type II
Authors: Zak Nathalia , Bøen Erlend , Boye Birgitte , Andreassen Ole A. , Doan Nhat Trung , Malt Ulrik F. , Westlye Lars T. , Elvsåshagen Torbjørn 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectivesPrevious studies found evidence for thinner frontotemporal cortices in bipolar disorder (BD), yet whether this represents a stable disease trait or an effect of mood episodes remains unknown. Here, we assessed the reproducibility of thinner frontotemporal cortices in BD type II, compared longitudinal changes in cortical thickness between individuals with BD type II and healthy controls (HCs), and examined the effect of mood episodes on cortical thickness change.MethodsThirty‐three HCs and 29 individuals with BD type II underwent 3T magnetic resonance imaging at baseline, as published previously, and 2.4 years later, at follow‐up. Cross‐sectional and longitudinal analyses of cortical thickness were performed using Freesurfer, and relationships with mood episodes from baseline to follow‐up were assessed.ResultsIndividuals with BD type II had thinner left and right prefrontal and left temporal cortex clusters at follow‐up (all corrected P < 0.001), consistent with baseline results. Both groups showed widespread longitudinal cortical thinning, and patients had increased thinning in a left temporal cortex cluster compared to HCs (corrected P < 0.001). Patients with more (>2) depressive episodes between baseline and follow‐up had greater left temporal cortical thinning than patients with fewer depressive episodes (corrected P < 0.05). In addition, patients with more depressive episodes had greater thinning in bilateral ventromedial prefrontal clusters relative to HCs (uncorrected P < 0.05), yet these results did not survive correction for multiple comparisons.ConclusionsTogether, these findings support reduced frontotemporal cortical thickness in BD type II and provide the first preliminary evidence for an association between depressive episodes and increased cortical thinning.
Hypothalamic‐pituitary axis irradiation dose thresholds for the development of hypopituitarism in adult‐onset gliomas
Authors: Kyriakakis Nikolaos , Lynch Julie , Orme Steve M. , Gerrard Georgina , Hatfield Paul , Short Susan C. , Loughrey Carmel , Murray Robert D. 
Published: March 2019

SummaryBackgroundChildhood brain tumour survivors who receive cranial radiotherapy undergo regular surveillance for the development ofhypothalamic‐pituitary (HP) axis dysfunction. Much less attention has been given to radiation‐induced hypopituitarism in patients with malignant brain tumours of adult onset.DesignRetrospective cohort study.Patients/MeasurementsWe assessed the effects of cranial radiotherapy (cXRT) on pituitary function in 58 adults (32 male) with gliomas distant to the HP axis. The XRT dose exposure at the HP axis was correlated with individual axis dysfunction to establish dose thresholds.ResultsMean age at cXRT was 41.2 ± 10.9 years and duration of endocrine follow‐up 8.2 ± 5.2 years. Mean XRT dose to the HP axis was 35.9 ± 15.5 Gy. Overall prevalence of radiation‐induced hypopituitarism was 84.5%. GH, LH/FSH, ACTH and TSH deficiency were present in 82.8%, 20.7%, 19% and 6.9% of patients, respectively. Hyperprolactinaemia was noted in 10.3% (n = 6) and was persistent in one case. GH deficiency and “any degree of hypopituitarism” positively correlated with the radiotherapy dose to the hypothalamic‐pituitary axis. HP axis XRT dose thresholds for the development of GHD, LH/FSH, ACTH and TSH deficiency were established at 10, 30, 32 and 40.8 Gy, respectively. A gradual increase in the prevalence of all anterior pituitary hormone deficits was observed throughout the follow‐up period.ConclusionsHypopituitarism post‐cXRT in adults with gliomas is a frequent, progressive and dose‐dependent phenomenon. Dose thresholds suggest long‐term endocrine surveillance is important where the HP axis XRT dose is higher than 30 Gy. Identification of deficits to allow early and appropriate hormone replacement therapy is important to improve well‐being in these individuals with limited prognosis.
Ridge alterations after implant placement in fresh extraction sockets or in healed crests: An experimental in vivo investigation
Authors: Vignoletti Fabio , Sanz‐Esporrin Javier , Sanz‐Martin Ignacio , Nuñez Javier , Luengo Fernando , Sanz Mariano 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo study the early and late bone healing around implants placed according to a flapless immediate (test) or flapped delayed (control) implant surgical protocol.Materials and methodsIn eight beagle dogs, immediate and delayed implants were placed. Test and control implants were randomly assigned, and horizontal and vertical bone remodelling, as well as bone‐to‐implant contact (BIC), were assessed with histology at 2 and 8 weeks. Teeth were used as negative controls.ResultsSimilar results were attained in the two groups when the vertical resorption of the buccal bone crest was evaluated (approximately 0.5 mm). On the other hand, a marked horizontal buccal bone resorption was observed. Immediate implants attained a thinner buccal bone crest as compared to the delayed implant and the tooth. De novo bone formation on the implant surface appeared to be more pronounced at delayed sites at 2 weeks, whereas at 8 weeks, no difference in BIC was observed.ConclusionsRidge alterations occurred at both implant placement protocols, with similar limited amounts of vertical buccal bone reduction and a pronounced horizontal bone reduction. The process of horizontal bone remodelling differed between the two surgical protocols.
In search of the most cost‐effective monitoring strategy for vestibular schwannoma: A decision analytical modelling study
Authors: Scholte Mirre , Hentschel Mayke A. , Hannink Gerjon , Kunst Henricus P. M. , Steens Stefan C. , Rovers Maroeska M. , Grutters Janneke P. C. 
Published: March 2019

ObjectivesTo assess the cost‐effectiveness of frequently used monitoring strategies for vestibular schwannoma (VS).DesignA state transition model was developed to compare six monitoring strategies for patients with VS: lifelong annual monitoring; annual monitoring for the first 10 years after diagnosis; scanning at 1‐5, 7, 9, 12, 15 years after diagnosis and subsequently every 5 years; a personalised monitoring strategy for small and large tumours; scanning at 1, 2 and 5 years after diagnosis and no monitoring. Input data were derived from literature and expert opinion. Quality‐adjusted life years (QALYs) and healthcare costs of each strategy were modelled over lifetime. Net monetary benefits (NMBs) were calculated to determine which strategy provided most value for money. Sensitivity analyses were performed to address uncertainty.ResultsOmitting monitoring is least effective with 18.23 (95% CI 16.84‐19.37) QALYs per patient, and lifelong annual monitoring is most effective with 18.66 (95% CI 17.42‐19.65) QALYs. Corresponding costs were €6526 (95% CI 5923‐7058) and €9429 (95% CI 9197‐9643) per patient, respectively. Lifelong annual monitoring provided the best value with a NMB of €363 765 (339 040‐383 697), but the overall probability of being most cost‐effective compared to the other strategies was still only 23%. Sensitivity analysis shows that there is large uncertainty in the effectiveness of all strategies, with largely overlapping 95% confidence intervals for all strategies.ConclusionsDue to the largely overlapping 95% confidence intervals of all monitoring strategies for VS, it is unclear which monitoring strategy provides most value for money at this moment.
Alemtuzumab induction and belatacept maintenance in marginal pathology renal allografts
Authors: Sparkes Tracy , Ravichandran Bharath , Opara Onumara , Ugarte Richard , Drachenberg Cinthia B. , Philosophe Benjamin , Bromberg Jonathan S. , Barth Rolf N. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe performed a prospective, 12‐month, single‐center, nonrandomized, open‐label pilot study to investigate the use of belatacept therapy combined with alemtuzumab induction in renal allografts with preexisting pathology, as these kidneys may be more susceptible to additional toxicity when exposed to calcineurin inhibitors posttransplant. Nineteen belatacept recipients were matched retrospectively to a cohort of tacrolimus recipients on the basis of preimplantation pathology. The estimated glomerular filtration rate was not significantly different between belatacept and tacrolimus recipients at either 3 or 12 months posttransplant (59 vs 45, P = 0.1 and 56 vs 48 mL/min/1.72/m2, P = 0.3). Biopsy‐proven acute rejection rates at 12 months were 26% in belatacept recipients and 16% in tacrolimus recipients (P = 0.7). Graft survival at 1 year was 89% in both groups. Alemtuzumab induction combined with either calcineurin inhibitor or costimulatory blockade therapies resulted in similar acceptable one‐year outcomes in kidneys with preexisting pathologic changes. Longer‐term follow‐up may be necessary to identify preferential strategies to improve outcomes of kidneys at a higher risk for poor function (ClinicalTrials.gov—NCT01496417).