bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Keuchhusten, die vergessene Krankheit
Authors: Abermann Christoph , Müller Susanne 
Published: January 2019

ZusammenfassungKeuchhusten wird bei Patienten nach Erfahrung des Autors häufig übersehen, da viele Ärzte anscheinend nicht mehr mit dem Auftreten der Erkrankung rechnen. Die Inzidenz des Keuchhustens ist jedoch ansteigend, und selbst eine erfolgte Impfung oder eine früher durchgemachte Erkrankung sind keine Garantie für eine lang andauernde Schutzwirkung. Ziel dieses Artikels ist daher, einen Überblick über die Erkrankung, ihre Diagnostik und Therapiemöglichkeiten zu geben, sowie auf mögliche Gründe hinzuweisen, warum der Keuchhusten oft übersehen wird. Anhand mehrerer Fälle aus meiner Praxis wird schließlich die homöopathische Behandlung des Keuchhustens näher betrachtet.
Schwere Tirofiban-induzierte Thrombozytopenie und thrombotische Mikroangiopathie nach perkutaner Koronarintervention
Authors: Nettersheim Felix , Hohmann Christopher , Pfister Roman , Michels Guido 
Published: January 2019

Zusammenfassung
Anamnese und klinischer Befund Ein 76-jähriger Patient wurde bei Nicht-ST-Streckenhebungsinfarkt (NSTEMI) einer Koronarangiografie zugeführt.
Untersuchungen und Diagnose Bei Verschluss der rechten Herzkranzarterie erfolgte eine Koronarintervention mit Stentimplantation. Bei hoher Thrombus-Last wurde eine Therapie mit Tirofiban initiiert. Im kurzzeitigen Verlauf entwickelte der Patient eine hämodynamische Instabilität, Hämoptysen sowie einen erheblichen Thrombozyten-Abfall.
Therapie und Verlauf Die Tirofiban-Therapie wurde sofort beendet. Unter Volumentherapie gelang eine hämodynamische Stabilisierung und die Hämoptysen sistierten. Der Patient erhielt ein Thrombozyten-Konzentrat und Prednisolon, woraufhin sich die Thrombozyten stabilisierten. Am Folgetag kam es zu einer erheblichen Lungenblutung mit asphyktischem Herzkreislauf-Stillstand und 2 Tage später zu einem erneuten Thrombozyten-Abfall. Trotz Normalisierung der Thrombozyten nach erneuter Transfusion verstarb der Patient an den Folgen einer Sepsis.
Folgerung Die Thrombozytopenie ist eine seltene, aber potenziell schwerwiegende Komplikation der Tirofiban-Therapie. Empfohlene Maßnahmen sind die sofortige Beendigung der Medikation, der Ausschluss möglicher Differenzialdiagnosen sowie gegebenenfalls die Substitution von Thrombozyten.
Role of Vasopressin Receptor 2 and 3 in ACTH-Secreting Tumors and
their Potential Therapeutic Implications
Authors: Yang Jia , Yang Yehong , Wang Yongfei , Zhang Shuo , Cheng Haixia , Wang Shuyang , Ge Liang , Li Yiming , Ye Hongying 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Purpose We investigated the expression of vasopressin receptor 2 and
3 on corticotrophin tumor cells, their role in regulating ACTH secretion,
and their potential therapeutic implications.
Methods We retrospectively assessed 52 hospitalized patients with
pathologically confirmed ACTH-secreting tumors. The expression of
vasopressin receptor 2 and 3 was explored via qualitative and quantitative
immunohistochemistry analyses. The role of vasopressin receptors in
regulating ACTH secretion was further studied in the AtT-20 cell line.
Results Among 50 cases of pituitary corticotrophin adenoma, 31 were
vasopressin receptor 2 positive, 38 were vasopressin receptor 3 positive,
and 24 were both vasopressin receptor 2 and 3 positive. Two patients with
ectopic ACTH syndrome were vasopressin receptor 3 positive, and one was also
vasopressin receptor 2 positive. In 12 patients who underwent bilateral
inferior petrosal sinus sampling before surgery, the central ACTH increment
ratio after desmopressin stimulation was correlated with vasopressin
receptor 2 but not with vasopressin receptor 3 staining intensity. In an in
vitro study, the expression of both vasopressin receptor 2 and 3 on AtT-20
cells was confirmed. The vasopressin receptor 2 antagonist Tolvaptan
inhibited desmopressin-induced ACTH secretion in a dose-dependent
manner.
Conclusions Both vasopressin receptor 2 and 3 are expressed in
ACTH-secreting tumors. Vasopressin receptor 2 rather than vasopressin
receptor 3 is the primary receptor that seems to mediate the ACTH response
in corticotrophin tumors. A vasopressin receptor 2 antagonist can inhibit
ACTH secretion induced by desmopressin in AtT-20 cells.
Clinical Short-Term Outcome and Hemodynamic Comparison of Six Contemporary Bovine Aortic Valve Prostheses
Authors: Hartrumpf Martin , Kuehnel Ralf-Uwe , Schroeter Filip , Haase Robert , Laux Magdalena L. , Ostovar Roya , Albes Johannes M. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background Conventional stented valves (CV) remain gold standard for aortic valve disease. Bovine prostheses have been improved and rapid deployment valves (RDV) have arrived in the recent decade. We compare clinical and hemodynamic short-term outcome of six bovine valves.
Methods We retrospectively evaluated 829 consecutive patients (all-comers) receiving bovine aortic valve replacement (AVR). Four CV from different manufacturers (Mitroflow, Crown, Perimount, Trifecta) and two RDV (Perceval, Intuity) were compared in terms of pre-, intra-, and postprocedural data. A risk model for mortality was created.
Results All valves reduced gradients. From 23 mm, all CV showed acceptable gradients. Twenty-one millimeter Mitroflow/Perceval and 19 mm Crown showed above-average gradients. As baseline data differed, we performed propensity matching between aggregated isolated CV and RDV groups. Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), clamp, and surgery times were shorter with RDV (87.4 ± 34.0 min vs 111.0 ± 34.2, 54.3 ± 21.1 vs 74.9 ± 20.4, 155.2 ± 42.9 vs 178.0 ± 46.8, p < 0.001). New pacemaker rate (10.1 vs 1.3%, p = 0.016) and the tendency toward neurologic events (8.9 vs 2.5%, p = 0.086) were higher using RDV, induced mainly by the Perceval. Early mortality was equal (2.5 vs 1.3%, p = 0.560). Revision for bleeding, dialysis, blood products, length-of-stay, gradients, and regurgitation was also equal. Risk analysis showed that low valve size, low ejection fraction, endocarditis, administration of red cells, and prolonged CPB time were predictors of elevated mortality.
Conclusion Isolated bovine AVR has low mortality. Valves ≥ 23 mm show comparable gradients while the valve model matters < 23 mm. RDV should be used with care. Procedure-related times are shorter than those of CV but pacemaker implantation and neurologic events are more frequent (Perceval). Early mortality is low and valve performance comparable to CV.
Integration of Postcoordination Content into a Clinical Interface Terminology to Support Administrative Coding
Authors: Rose Eric , Rube Steven , Kanter Andrew , Cardwell Matthew , Naeymi-Rad Frank 
Published: January 2019

Background Clinical interface terminologies (CITs) consist of terms designed for clinical documentation and, through mappings to standardized vocabularies, to support secondary uses of patient data, including clinical decision support, quality measurement, and billing for health care services. The latter purpose requires maps to administrative coding systems, such as the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM), for diagnoses in the United States.
Objectives The transition from ICD-9-CM to ICD-10-CM posed a challenge to CIT users due to the substantially increased details in ICD-10-CM. To address this, we developed a content layer within a CIT that provides postcoordination prompts for the details required for accurate ICD-10-CM coding.
Methods We developed content to support prompting for and capture of additional information specified by the user in a single, clinically relevant term that is added to the patient's record, and whose mapping to other coding systems (like Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine—Clinical Terms [SNOMED CT]) reflects the details added during postcoordination. We worked with clinical information system developers to incorporate this into user interfaces, and with end-users to refine the design.
Results While the prompts were designed around the precoordinated elements implicit in ICD-10-CM, irregularities in ICD-10-CM required some additional design measures, such as providing postcoordination options that interpolate gaps in ICD-10-CM to avoid user confusion. The system we describe has been implemented by ∼30,000 health care provider organizations, with content that covers the vast majority of encounter diagnoses. User feedback has been largely positive, though concerns have been raised about expanding postcoordination content beyond that required for ICD-10-CM coding.
Conclusion We have demonstrated the design and development of what, to our knowledge, is the first system that uses postcoordination to capture ICD-10-CM-relevant details in a CIT while also reflecting the details added by the user in maps to other vocabularies.
Automated Generation of CONSORT Diagrams Using Relational Database Software
Authors: O'Leary Teresa , Weiss June , Toll Benjamin , Brandt Cynthia , Bernstein Steven 
Published: January 2019

Background Investigators conducting prospective clinical trials must report patient flow using the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement. Depending on how data are collected, this can be a laborious, time-intensive process. However, because many trials enter data electronically, CONSORT diagrams may be generated in an automated fashion.
Objective Our objective was to use an off-the-shelf software to develop a technique to generate CONSORT diagrams automatically.
Methods During a recent trial, data were entered into FileMaker Pro, a commercially available software, at enrollment and three waves of follow-up. Patient-level data were coded to automatically generate CONSORT diagrams for use by the study team.
Results From August 2012 to July 2014, 1,044 participants were enrolled. CONSORT diagrams were generated weekly for study team meetings to track follow-ups at 1, 6, and 12 months, for 960 (92%), 921 (90%), and 871 (88%) participants who were contacted or deceased, respectively. Reasons for loss to follow-up were captured at each follow-up.
Conclusion CONSORT diagrams can be generated using a standard software for any trial and can facilitate data collection, project management, and reporting.
Pseudoaneurysms of the Peripheral Arteries
Authors: Henry Jon , Franz Randall 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPeripheral arterial pseudoaneurysm, while relatively rare, are encountered by most vascular specialists. This review evaluates the epidemiology, diagnosis, natural history, and treatment of pseudoaneurysm in the peripheral arteries. Most of this review concentrates on iatrogenic peripheral pseudoaneurysms, but pseudoaneurysms of other etiologies will also be discussed.
Translation memories and the translator
Authors: Schneider Dominik , Zampieri Marcos , van Genabith Josef 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This paper presents a comprehensive study on the use of translation memory software by translators of different backgrounds. We designed a questionnaire that was completed by a pool of 723 respondents including professional translators, translation students, and lecturers in translation studies and translation practice. We analyse the results of the survey providing important information concerning user requirements, the most important features of TM software, users’ perceived productivity, and market shares.
Galactic halo age estimated from LAMOST DR4 and Gaia DR1
Authors: Guo Jin-Cheng , Zhang Hua-Wei , Huang Yang , Liu Xiao-Wei , Liu Ji-Feng , Xiang Mao-Sheng , Chen Bing-Qiu , Yuan Hai-Bo , Tian Zhi-Jia , Huo Zhi-Ying , Wang Chun 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The stellar halo is one of the major components in the Milky Way. Research on its age can provide critical constraints on the origin of the stellar halo and further on the formation of our Galaxy. So far, different approaches and samples have been used to estimate the age of the Galactic halo. In our previous paper, we carefully selected 63 field halo turn-off stars within 1 kpc from the literature using a kinematic approach, then estimated the age of the halo. In this following work, we not only update the data from LAMOST DR4 and Gaia DR1, but also try a different method to select a clean halo sample by combining the metallicity and orbital parameters. Then we compare this halo turn-off sample with the GARSTEC model in the B – V vs. metallicity plane. After Monte Carlo simulations are performed, the age is estimated to be 10.5±1.4 Gyr, highly consistent with our previous result and other studies. However, due to the limited common sources between LAMOST DR4 and Gaia DR1, the final sample in this paper is still quite small. The estimated age will be more robust with the much larger Gaia DR2.
Optimizing the bioenergy water footprint by selecting SRC willow canopy phenotypes: regional scenario simulations
Authors: Richard Benjamin , Richter Goetz M , Cerasuolo Marianna , Shield Ian 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background and Aims
Bioenergy is central for the future energy mix to mitigate climate change impacts; however, its intricate link with the water cycle calls for an evaluation of the carbon–water nexus in biomass production. The great challenge is to optimize trade-offs between carbon harvest and water use by choosing cultivars that combine low water use with high productivity.

Methods
Regional scenarios were simulated over a range of willow genotype × environment interactions for the major UK soil × climate variations with the process-based model LUCASS. Soil available water capacity (SAWC) ranged from 51 to 251 mm and weather represented the north-west (wet, cool), north-east (dry, cool), south-west (wet, warm) and south-east (dry, warm) of the UK. Scenario simulations were evaluated for small/open narrow-leaf (NL) versus large/closed broad-leaf (BL) willow canopy phenotypes using baseline (1965–89) and warmer recent (1990–2014) weather data.

Key Results
The low productivity under baseline climate in the north could be compensated by choosing BL cultivars (e.g. ‘Endurance’). Recent warmer climate increased average productivity by 0.5–2.5 t ha−1, especially in the north. The modern NL cultivar ‘Resolution’ had the smallest and most efficient water use. On marginal soils (SAWC <100 mm), yields remained below an economic threshold of 9 t ha−1 more frequently under baseline than recent climate. In the drought-prone south-east, ‘Endurance’ yielded less than ‘Resolution’, which consumed on average 17 mm year−1 less water. Assuming a planting area of 10 000 ha, in droughty years between 1.3 and 4.5 × 106 m3 of water could be saved, with a small yield penalty, for ‘Resolution’.

Conclusions
With an increase in air temperature and occasional water scarcities expected with climate change, high-yielding NL cultivars should be the preferred choice for sustainable use of marginal lands and reduced competition with agricultural food crops.
Predicting the optimal growth temperatures of prokaryotes using only genome derived features
Authors: Sauer David B , Wang Da-Neng 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Motivation
Optimal growth temperature is a fundamental characteristic of all living organisms. Knowledge of this temperature is central to the study of a prokaryote, the thermal stability and temperature dependent activity of its genes, and the bioprospecting of its genome for thermally adapted proteins. While high throughput sequencing methods have dramatically increased the availability of genomic information, the growth temperatures of the source organisms are often unknown. This limits the study and technological application of these species and their genomes. Here, we present a novel method for the prediction of growth temperatures of prokaryotes using only genomic sequences.

Results
By applying the reverse ecology principle that an organism’s genome includes identifiable adaptations to its native environment, we can predict a species’ optimal growth temperature with an accuracy of 5.17°C root-mean-square error and a coefficient of determination of 0.835. The accuracy can be further improved for specific taxonomic clades or by excluding psychrophiles. This method provides a valuable tool for the rapid calculation of organism growth temperature when only the genome sequence is known.

Availability and implementation
Source code, genomes analyzed and features calculated are available at: https://github.com/DavidBSauer/OGT_prediction.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Comorbidity4j: a tool for interactive analysis of disease comorbidities over large patient datasets
Authors: Ronzano Francesco , Gutiérrez-Sacristán Alba , Furlong Laura I 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Summary
Pushed by the growing availability of Electronic Health Records for data mining, the identification of relevant patterns of co-occurring diseases over a population of individuals—referred to as comorbidity analysis—has become a common practice due to its great impact on life expectancy, quality of life and healthcare costs. In this scenario, the availability of scalable, easy-to-use software frameworks tailored to support the study of comorbidities over large datasets of patients is essential. We introduce Comorbidity4j, an open-source Java tool to perform systematic analyses of comorbidities by generating interactive Web visualizations to explore and refine results. Comorbidity4j processes user-provided clinical data by identifying significant disease co-occurrences and computing a comprehensive set of comorbidity indices. Patients can be stratified by sex, age and user-defined criteria. Comorbidity4j supports the analysis of the temporal directionality and the sex ratio of diseases. The incremental upload and validation of clinical input data and the customization of comorbidity analyses are performed by an interactive Web interface. With a Web browser, the results of such analyses can be filtered with respect to comorbidity indexes and disease names and explored by means of heat maps and network charts of disease associations. Comorbidity4j is optimized to efficiently process large datasets of clinical data. Besides a software tool for local execution, we provide Comorbidity4j as a Web service to enable users to perform online comorbidity analyses.

Availability and implementation
Doc: http://comorbidity4j.readthedocs.io/; Source code: https://github.com/fra82/comorbidity4j, Web tool: http://comorbidity.eu/comorbidity4web/.
Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir in Adults With Chronic Genotype 1–6 Hepatitis C Virus Infections and Compensated Liver Disease
Authors: Gane Edward , Poordad Fred , Zadeikis Neddie , Valdes Joaquin , Lin Chih-Wei , Liu Wei , Asatryan Armen , Wang Stanley , Stedman Catherine , Greenbloom Susan , Nguyen Tuan , Elkhashab Magdy , Wörns Marcus-Alexander , Tran Albert , Mulkay Jean-Pierre , Setze Carolyn , Yu Yao , Pilot-Matias Tami , Porcalla Ariel , Mensa Federico J 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundUntreated, chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection may lead to progressive liver damage, which can be mitigated by successful treatment. This integrated analysis reports the safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of the ribavirin-free, direct-acting, antiviral, fixed-dose combination of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (G/P) in patients with chronic HCV genotype 1–6 infections and compensated liver disease, including patients with chronic kidney disease stages 4 or 5 (CKD 4/5).MethodsData from 9 Phase II and III clinical trials, assessing the efficacy and safety of G/P treatment for 8–16 weeks, were included. The presence of cirrhosis was determined at screening using a liver biopsy, transient elastography, or serum biomarkers. The objectives were to evaluate safety, the rate of sustained virologic response at post-treatment week 12 (SVR12), and steady-state PK by cirrhosis status.ResultsAmong 2369 patients, 308 (13%) were Child-Pugh Class A, including 20 with CKD 4/5. Overall, <1% of patients experienced an adverse event (AE) that led to G/P discontinuation or G/P-related serious AEs (SAEs). The most common AEs were headache and fatigue, occurring at similar frequencies with and without cirrhosis. SAEs were more common in patients with CKD 4/5, but all were unrelated to G/P. There were no cases of drug-induced liver injury or clinically relevant hepatic decompensation. SVR12 rates were 96.4% (297/308) with compensated cirrhosis and 97.5% (2010/2061) without cirrhosis. PK analysis demonstrated a 2.2-fold increase in glecaprevir exposure, but not pibrentasvir exposure, in patients with compensated cirrhosis.ConclusionsG/P was safe and efficacious in patients with compensated liver disease, including those with CKD 4/5.Clinical Trials RegistrationNCT02243280, NCT02243293, NCT02604017, NCT02640482, NCT02640157, NCT02636595, NCT02642432, NCT02651194, and NCT02446717
Increased Fragility Fracture Rates in Older Men With Osteomyelitis
Authors: Hsieh Evelyn , Shiau Stephanie , Nolan Olivia , Gibert Cynthia L , Bedimo Roger J , Rodriguez-Barradas Maria C , Justice Amy C , Womack Julie A , Yin Michael T 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn this study, we evaluated fracture incidence over a 10-year period among men with and without osteomyelitis from the Veterans Aging Cohort Study. Fracture incidence was significantly higher among those with osteomyelitis at all osteoporotic fracture sites after adjusting for key related risk factors. Future prospective studies are warranted.
Intensified Infliximab Induction is Associated with Improved Response and Decreased Colectomy in Steroid-Refractory Paediatric Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Church Peter C , Ho Shaun , Sharma Ajay , Tomalty Diane , Frost Karen , Muise Aleixo , Walters Thomas D , Griffiths Anne M 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background
Infliximab pharmacokinetics in steroid-refractory [SR] ulcerative colitis [UC] suggest a need for higher dosing, but data concerning efficacy of intensification in this setting are lacking in children and inconsistent overall.

Methods
Paediatric patients [N = 125] treated with infliximab for SR or steroid-dependent UC were retrospectively reviewed. Outcomes [clinical response and remission, colectomy, mucosal healing, safety] with standard vs intensified induction [mean induction dose ≥7 mg/kg or interval ≤5 weeks between doses 1 and 3] were compared.

Results
Among 125 patients [median age 14 years, median UC duration 0.7 years, 74 SR], 73 [58%] received standard induction and 52 [42%] received intensified induction. Overall, 73 [58%] achieved remission (judged by physician global assessment [PGA] and paediatric UC activity index [PUCAI]≤10]. Among patients in remission, 7 [10%] experienced secondary loss of response by a median of 0.7 [IQR 0.4–1.0] years. Of the 74 SR patients, 17 [23%] underwent colectomy, and of the 51 steroid-dependent patients, 12 [24%] underwent colectomy. Intensified induction in SR patients was associated with a higher chance of remission (hazard ratio [HR] 3.2, p = 0.02) and a lower chance of colectomy [HR 0.4, p = 0.05], but did not improve outcomes in steroid-dependent patients. During follow-up, 46/73 [63%] patients in remission had regimen individualization, with similar rates of return to standard dosing after 1 year between those with initial intensified or standard induction. Follow-up endoscopy, performed in 35/73 patients in remission, demonstrated mucosal healing for 66%. Adverse events were rare, despite use of intensified regimens.

Conclusions
These data suggest a benefit from intensified infliximab induction specifically among children with steroid-refractory UC. Prospective studies comparing dosing regimens and incorporating therapeutic drug monitoring should be undertaken.