bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
One‐Step Synthesis of Vacancy‐Rich MnO2−x/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite Film for High Electrochemical Performance
Authors: Peng Ruichao , Wang Haonan , Wei Xinya , Wu Zaikun , Yu Ping , Luo Yunbai 
Published: November 2018

AbstractHigh electrochemical performance is important to achieve practical application of energy storage devices. It has been found recently that it is hard to achieve high capacity and high stability simultaneously using a single electrode material. Thus, constructing composite electrode materials which can combine the advantages of different materials together is an efficient approach to improve the electrochemical properties. In this work, we have built a vacancy‐rich MnO2−x/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composite film through a facile one‐step route. In the synthesis process, GO nanosheets were reduced into rGO to improve the electronic conductivity, while Mn2+ was oxidized to MnO2 with vacancies. The obtained vacancy‐rich MnO2−x/rGO composite showed a superior electrochemical performance: The specific capacitance reached 675.5 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g and the material demonstrated high capacitance retention (96.1 % after 10000 cycles). Besides, the symmetric electrochemical capacitor based on the vacancy‐rich MnO2−x/rGO composite electrode can achieve a high energy density (8.42 mWh/cm3) and power density (3.78 W/cm3) as well as excellent stability.
Effects of Rifamycin Coadministration on Bedaquiline Desmethylation in Healthy Adult Volunteers
Authors: Healan Amanda M. , Salata Robert A. , Griffiss J. McLeod , Proskin Howard M. , O'Riordan Mary Ann , Gray Wesley A. , Blumer Jeffrey L. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThere is an urgent need to identify safe and effective combination treatments for multidrug‐resistant (MDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (TB). Bedaquiline, a new diarylquinoline, is approved for the treatment of MDR pulmonary TB in combination with other drugs, which could include rifabutin, which is also used to treat drug‐resistant TB. Both rifabutin and bedaquiline are metabolized via cytochrome P450 3A4, and rifabutin is an inducer of this enzyme. Bedaquiline is metabolized into its primary N‐monodesmethyl metabolite, M2, and further desmethylated into an N‐didesmethyl metabolite, M3. Both metabolites are cytotoxic and induce phospholipidosis. The effect of rifabutin on the generation and disposition of the 2 metabolites was investigated in healthy adult volunteers coadministered bedaquiline and either rifabutin or rifampin. Subjects received single oral doses (400 mg) of bedaquiline on days 1 and 29. Oral rifabutin (300 mg) or rifampin (600 mg) were given daily on days 20–41. In the rifabutin group maximum M2 concentrations (Cmax) increased significantly (P < .001) from 47.59 to 79.53 ng/mL, and clearance slowed slightly (P = .01). This resulted in significantly (P < .001) increased overall exposure (area under the concentration‐time curve [AUC0‐τ]). Peak concentrations of M3 increased approximately 3‐fold with little decline thereafter. In rifampin recipients M2 Cmax doubled (48.44 to 101.52 ng/mL), but M2 clearance and time to Cmax significantly (P < .001) increased, and AUC0‐∞ and mean residence time significantly decreased (P < .001). Peak M3 concentrations increased 4‐fold and rapidly declined. Although both rifamycins accelerate desmethylation of bedaquiline and M2, differences in clearance resulted in sustained elevations of both metabolites during rifabutin, but not rifampin, treatment.
An area‐efficient FFT processor for the OFDMA transceiver communication system
Authors: Nirmala N. , Sumathi S. 
Published: November 2018

SummaryOrthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is a well‐organized multiplexing scheme, which is long‐established in recent wireless and communication standards. OFDM resembles a system of exchanging information done with a nonflat channel called Discrete Multi‐Tone modulation (DMT) and Coded OFDM (COFDM). The data stream in this frequency modulation is divided across narrowband channels to limit interference and crosstalk. One of the extreme needs of OFDM is reasonable to be straight mean while sending and receiving systems. OFDM is extremely preferred for rapid data transmission and radio access method. In this paper, OFDM transceiver is carried out and implemented on FPGA. In addition, 128‐point IFFT/FFT pipelined architecture is proposed with the aim of optimizing area, frequency, and circuit complexity.
Exciton‐Coupled Circular Dichroism Characterization of Monotopically Binding Guests in Host−Guest Complexes with a Bis(zinc porphyrin) Tweezer
Authors: Olsson Sandra , Schäfer Clara , Blom Magnus , Gogoll Adolf 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA stiff‐stilbene‐linked bisporphyrin tweezer with inherent helicity was used for exciton‐coupled circular dichroism (ECCD) characterization of a series of monotopically binding amine guest molecules. CD signals were observed for a variety of monoamines at relatively low tweezer/amine (host/guest) ratios between 1 : 10 to 1 : 70. For the amines producing the most intense CD signals, a binding stoichiometry of 1 : 2 was found. A likely explanation is the presence of guest‐guest interactions in the complexes. This is supported by the correlation observed between CD signal intensity and magnitude of possible noncovalent binding between the guests, which can be divided into three groups showing no, moderate and strong response, respectively. Further support for this rationalization comes from molecular modelling.
Phenylbutazone blood and urine concentrations, pharmacokinetics, and effects on biomarkers of inflammation in horses following intravenous and oral administration of clinical doses
Authors: Knych Heather K. , Arthur Rick M. , McKemie Dan S. , Seminoff Kelsey , Hamamoto‐Hardman Briana , Kass Philip H. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPhenylbutazone (PBZ) is a potent mon‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug used commonly in performance horses. The objectives of the current study were to describe blood and urine concentrations and the pharmacokinetics of PBZ and its metabolites following intravenous (IV) and oral administration and to describe the duration of pharmacodynamic effect. To that end, 17 horses received an IV administration and 18 horses an oral administration of 2 g of PBZ. Blood and urine samples were collected prior to and for up to 96 hours post drug administration. Whole blood samples were collected at various time points and challenged with lipopolysaccharide or calcium ionophore to induce ex vivo synthesis of eicosanoids. Concentrations of PBZ and eicosanoids were measured using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) and non‐compartmental pharmacokinetic analysis performed on concentration data from IV and oral administration. Serum concentrations of PBZ and its metabolites were below the limit of quantitation at 96 hours post administration. The volume of distribution at steady state, systemic clearance, and terminal half‐life was 0.194 ± 0.019 L/kg, 23.9 ± 4.48 mL/h/kg, and 10.9 ± 5.32 hours, respectively. The terminal half‐life following oral administration was 13.4 ± 3.01 (paste) and 15.1 ± 3.96 hours (tablets). Stimulation of PBZ treated whole blood with lipopolysaccharide and calcium ionophore resulted in an inhibition of TXB2, PGE2, LTB4 and 15‐HETE production for a prolonged period of time post drug administration. The results of this study suggest that PBZ has a prolonged anti‐inflammatory following IV or oral administration of 2 g to horses.
An ecohydraulics virtual watershed: Integrating physical and biological variables to quantify aquatic habitat quality
Authors: Benjankar Rohan , Tonina Daniele , McKean James A. , Sohrabi Mohammad M. , Chen Qiuwen , Vidergar Dmitri 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAdvances in remote sensing coupled with numerical modelling allow us to build a “virtual ecohydraulics watershed” at the micro‐habitat scale. This approach is an integrated modelling framework with a cascade of models including physical (hydrologic, hydraulic, and stream water temperature) and biological (fish habitat) modelling at a resolution and extent important for aquatic and terrestrial organisms. We applied this approach to quantify the impacts of discharges and water temperature on habitat quality and spatial/temporal habitat use patterns of bull trout, a federally listed species along the South Fork Boise River.We coupled process‐based snow melt and hydrologic models to predict water availability within the watershed. The model fed one‐ and two‐dimensional hydrodynamic models to predict stream hydraulics and water temperature using high‐resolution (meter scale) river bathymetric data. This information was then used in an aquatic habitat modelling to characterize habitat quality distribution as a function of discharges. Our results showed that the summer thermal regime of river system would alter available habitat. The high spatial resolution analysis allows modelling to predict the importance of lateral habitats, which serve as vital refugia during high‐flow events for many fish species. The advances in remote sensing, numerical modelling, and understanding of physical‐biological processes provide us an opportunity to conceptualize new process‐based integrated modelling tools to analyse human impacts at a catchment scale, for example, dam operation and climatic variability on aquatic habitat and status, and further to develop restoration protocols in a virtual domain before field studies are developed and/or structures built.
Direct Electrolysis and Detection of Single Nanosized Water Emulsion Droplets in Organic Solvent Using Stochastic Collisions
Authors: Lee Jungeun , Ho Thy L. T. , Kim Hae‐Young , Park Jun Hui , Kim Byung‐Kwon 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe studied the electrochemical detection of single nanosized water emulsion droplets in organic solution using the electrochemical collision technique on an ultramicroelectrode (UME). In this experiment, the detection system for water droplets does not require any kind of redox species in organic solvent. Only water molecules in the water droplets were considered. When water droplets collided with the UME surface, anodic current spikes were observed in the chronoamperometry, resulting from the electrolysis of water molecules in the water droplets. From the collision frequency and integrated current spike, concentrations and size distributions of water droplets in organic solvent can be determined.
Preventive effects of combinative natural foods produced by elite crop varieties rich in anticancer effects on N‐nitrosodiethylamine‐induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats
Authors: Zheng Jingui , He Jun , Liao Sufeng , Cheng Zuxin , Lin Jinke , Huang Ke , Li Xiaocen , Zheng Kaibin , Chen Xuanyang , Lin Lihui , Xia Fagang , Liu Jianghong , Xu Ming , Chen Tuansheng , Huang Xinying , Cao Xiaohua , Yang Zhijian 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe World Cancer Research Fund International has released 32 anticancer effects (ACEs) that targeted every stage of cancer processes. Thus, we designed two formulas of natural food combination Diet I and Diet II, mainly produced by elite crop varieties rich in ACEs with different mixture ratios, and evaluated their cancer preventive effects on N‐nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA)‐induced hepatocarcinogenesis. After 20 weeks of dietary intervention, Diet I and Diet II reduced incidence, size, and number of hepatic nodules (p < 0.01) and prevented hepatic tumor formation in NDEA‐induced hepatocarcinogenesis rats. Low‐grade hepatic dysplasia incidence was 20% for Diet II and 40% for Diet I, and apparent hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) rates were both 0, while 90% HCC in control diet treatment group (p < 0.01). Diet I and Diet II ameliorated abnormal liver function enzymes, reduced serum alpha fetal protein, tumor‐specific growth factor, dickkopf‐related protein 1, tumor necrosis factor‐alpha and interleukin‐6 levels, regulated hepatic phase I and II xenobiotic‐metabolizing enzymes, enhanced antioxidant capacity, suppressed NDEA‐initiated oxidative DNA damage, and induced apoptosis coupled to down‐regulation of proinflammatory, invasion, and angiogenesis markers. Daily intake of combination diet produced from ACEs‐rich elite crop varieties can effectively prevent or delay occurrence and development of NDEA‐induced hepatocarcinogenesis in rats.
A method for the gross analysis of global protein acylation by gas–liquid chromatography
Authors: Mohammadzadeh Fatemeh , Hosseini Vahid , Mehdizadeh Amir , Dani Christian , Darabi Masoud 
Published: November 2018

AbstractProtein acylation is a posttranslational modification in which an amino acid residue of a protein is acylated by a fatty acid. This process plays a key role in regulating proteomic function. Studies of protein acylation have relied on the development and application of extremely complicated molecular methods. However, global protein acylation can be profiled following hydrolysis of fatty acyl groups from cellular proteins. The present study aimed to develop a method for analysis of global protein acylation using gas–liquid chromatography (GLC). The total protein was extracted from the human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell line. Protein sedimentation and extensive wash were combined with differential O‐, S‐, or N‐acyl hydrolysis using sodium hydroxide (NaOH), hydroxylamine (NH2OH), or hydrochloric acid (HCl), respectively. GLC with a flame ionization detector system was used to analyze changes in the fatty acid composition of the released lipids. The effect of selective inhibition of monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) synthesis on global protein acylation and the expression of reprogramming markers were determined to further validate the proposed profiling approach. In all hydrolysis conditions, the amount of myristate released was significantly higher than of other fatty acids. Notable differences were observed in the release of individual fatty acids among the hydrolyzing agents. Only NH2OH could release significant amounts of palmitoleate (>2.5‐fold vs. NaOH and HCl). The acylation assay indicates that treatment with a chemical inhibitor of monounsaturated fatty acid synthesis led to an overall increase in saturated fatty acid O‐ and N‐acylation, and a decrease in palmitoleate O‐ and S‐acylation of cellular proteins (<−15%). This was accompanied by significant reductions in the gene expression of the reprogramming markers Oct4 (−26%, P < 0.01) and Sox2 (−40%, P < 0.01). GLC‐based analysis of global protein acylation affords a semi‐quantitative method that can be used to assess the gross changes in the protein acylation profile during cell differentiation and reprogramming. © 2018 IUBMB Life, 71(3):340–346, 2019
The JAK1 Inhibitor Upadacitinib Has No Effect on the Pharmacokinetics of Levonorgestrel and Ethinylestradiol: A Study in Healthy Female Subjects
Authors: Mohamed Mohamed‐Eslam F. , Trueman Sheryl , Feng Tian , Friedman Alan , Othman Ahmed A. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractUpadacitinib is a novel selective oral Janus kinase 1 (JAK) inhibitor being developed for treatment of several inflammatory diseases. Oral contraceptives are anticipated to be a common concomitant medication in the target patient populations. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of multiple doses of upadacitinib on the pharmacokinetics of ethinylestradiol and levonorgestrel in healthy female subjects. This phase I, single‐center, open‐label, 2‐period crossover study evaluated the effect of multiple doses of 30 mg once daily extended‐release upadacitinib on the pharmacokinetics of a single oral dose of ethinylestradiol/levonorgestrel (0.03/0.15 mg; administered alone in period 1 and on day 12 of a 14‐day regimen of upadacitinib in period 2) in 22 healthy female subjects. The ratios (90% confidence intervals) for maximum plasma concentration and area under the plasma drug concentration–time curve from time zero to infinity following administration of ethinylestradiol/levonorgestrel with upadacitinib compared with administration of ethinylestradiol/ levonorgestrel alone were 0.96 (0.89–1.02) and 1.1 (1.04–1.19), respectively, for ethinylestradiol, and 0.96 (0.87–1.06) and 0.96 (0.85–1.07), respectively, for levonorgestrel. The harmonic mean terminal half‐life for ethinylestradiol (7.7 vs 7.0 hours) and levonorgestrel (37.1 vs 33.1 hours) was similar in the presence and absence of upadacitinib. Ethinylestradiol and levonorgestrel were bioequivalent in the presence and absence of upadacitinib. Therefore, upadacitinib can be administered concomitantly with oral contraceptives containing ethinylestradiol or levonorgestrel.
An endogenous aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligand enhances de novo generation of regulatory T cells in humans
Authors: Zamali Imen , Rekik Raja , Belhadj Hmida Nadia , Ben Hmid Ahlem , Kammoun Ons , Barbouche Mohamed-Ridha , Ben Ahmed Mélika 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The aromatic hydrocarbons receptor (AhR) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor that plays a role in mediating toxicity to xenobiotics. Its key role in immune regulation has been recently demonstrated. Recent data pointed to the efficacy of ITE (2-(1′H-indole-3′-carbonyl)-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid methyl ester), a nontoxic ligand of AhR, in experimental models of inflammatory diseases. Such effect was mainly through the expansion of regulatory T cells (Tregs). Similarly, TCDD (2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin), a toxic ligand of AhR, has been shown to exert comparable effects on Tregs in mice. Herein, we showed that ITE has no effects on natural Tregs. However, it supports the de novo generation of Tregs in humans while promoting their suppressive functions. Our data bring new elements supporting the use of ITE in human therapy of inflammatory diseases.
ITE, a non-toxic endogenous aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligand, enhances de novo generation of regulatory T cells in humans and promotes their suppressive functions.
Bacteria‐Targeted Supramolecular Photosensitizer Delivery Vehicles for Photodynamic Ablation Against Biofilms
Authors: Gao Yifan , Wang Jing , Hu Dengfeng , Deng Yongyan , Chen Tingting , Jin Qiao , Ji Jian 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is believed to be a potent method for biofilm treatments. However, undesired damage to normal cells may be caused due to the nonselective nature of PDT. Therefore, targeted PDT is preferred on one hand to enhance antimicrobial effects and on the other hand to reduce cytotoxicity to normal cells. For this purpose, novel bacteria‐targeted photosensitizer delivery micelles are fabricated, taking advantage of α‐cyclodextrin (α‐CD)/polyethylene glycol (PEG) supramolecular assembly. Hydrophilic antimicrobial peptide (AMP) Magainin I is covalently bound with PEG, working as a bacterial targeting group as well as the stabilizing shell of the supramolecular micelles. Photosensitizer Chlorin e6 (Ce6) is grafted onto α‐CD. The micelles exhibit excellent bacterial targeting effects. Compared to α‐CD‐Ce6, the supramolecular micelles possess enhanced biofilm killing ability against Gram (−) Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms and Gram (+) methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) biofilms while reducing cytotoxicity to NIH/3T3 model cells.
High Molecular Weight Polystyrene Obtained by Cationic Emulsion Polymerization Catalyzed by Imidazolium‐Based Ionic Liquid
Authors: Patrocinio Vinicius M. B. , Agner Tamara , Dutra Gabriel V. S. , Machado Fabricio , Neto Brenno A. D. , Araújo Pedro H. H. , Sayer Claudia 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe ionic liquid 1‐n‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium heptachlorodiferrate (BMI.Fe2Cl7) is efficiently used as catalyst in the cationic emulsion polymerization of styrene. The effect of different reaction temperatures, surfactant, and ionic liquid concentrations on polymer properties as molecular weight distribution and particle size is evaluated. High weight average molecular weights, above 1000 kDa, are achieved at 70% of conversion in 100 nm polystyrene particles formed mainly by micellar nucleation. Particle sizes and molecular weights increase with the decrease of the amount of surfactant. Even at low concentrations, BMI.Fe2Cl7/styrene molar ratio equal to 1/1000, the ionic liquid proves to be efficient for the emulsion polymerization of styrene, and lower ionic liquid concentrations lead to the formation of longer polymer chains.
Homophtalonitrile for Multicomponent Reactions: Syntheses and Optical Properties of o‐Cyanophenyl‐ or Indol‐3‐yl‐Substituted Chromeno[2,3‐c]isoquinolin‐5‐Amines
Authors: Festa Alexey A. , Storozhenko Olga A. , Golantsov Nikita E. , Subramani Karthikeyan , Novikov Roman A. , Zaitseva Snezhana O. , Baranov Mikhail S. , Varlamov Alexey V. , Voskressensky Leonid G. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMalononitrile is a useful reagent for multicomponent reactions with hundreds of methods developed. In this paper, we suggest α‐(cyano)‐o‐tolunitrile (homophtalonitrile) to work as a vinylogous malononitrile. Thus, a organocatalytic pseudo‐three‐component reaction of homopthalonitrile (2 equiv) and o‐hydroxybenzaldehyde, leading to the diastereoselective formation of 5‐amino‐12H‐chromeno[2,3‐c]isoquinolin‐12‐yl)(cyano)methyl)benzonitriles, was discovered. The possibility to employ other nucleophiles was demonstrated for indoles, and a sequential three‐component reaction of homophtalonitrile, o‐hydroxybenzaldehyde, and (aza)indole, giving 12‐(1H‐Indol‐3‐yl)‐12H‐chromeno[2,3‐c]isoquinolin‐5‐amines, was developed. The photophysical properties of the synthesized compounds have been studied, revealing high fluorescence quantum yields (42–70 %) for indol‐3‐yl substituted 12H‐chromeno[2,3‐c]isoquinolin‐5‐amines and reversible fluorescence quenching under acidic conditions.
Preparation and characterisation of a novel copper‐imprinted polymer based on β‐cyclodextrin copolymers for selective determination of Cu2+ions
Authors: Cao Yu , Li Jiayu , Liu Jun , Liu Hongbo , Jiang Yan , Zhang Hongwen 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA novel ion‐imprinted polymer (IIP) using (6‐O‐butene diacid ester)‐β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD‐MAH) as the functional monomer and copper ions as the template was developed for Cu2+sensing. First, reactive β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) monomers with vinyl carboxylic acid functional groups were synthesised and were co‐polymerised with styrene via radical polymerisation. Then, the β‐CD copolymers were complexed with Cu2+in order to obtain the IIP. The imprinting effect was realised by removing the template ions from the imprinted polymer. The structure, composition and morphology of the IIP were characterised by Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, energy‐dispersive spectroscopy and field‐emission SEM. The adsorption capacity was investigated by UV–visible spectroscopy in batch operation mode. The maximum adsorption capacity for the Cu2+template ions was 28.91 mg g−1, and the adsorption selectivity was clearly illustrated from the increased sorption affinity towards Cu2+ions over other competing ions. The adsorption was affected by the pH of the aqueous medium, and enhanced adsorption capacity was observed at pH 5. The prepared IIP could be used 10 times after its regeneration without significant loss of the adsorption capacity. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry