bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How watching sports events empowers people’s sense of wellbeing? The role of chain mediation in social interaction and emotional experience
Authors: Guo Jiru , Yang Hong , Zhang Xiaoli 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundWhile engaging in sports is widely recognized for enhancing wellbeing, limited research has examined the effects of watching sports events on individuals’ subjective wellbeing. The mechanisms and pathways underlying this relationship remain unclear.ObjectivesThis study explores the correlation between watching sports events and the wellbeing of Chinese individuals, based on the theoretical framework of “spectator behavior → social interaction → emotional experience → happiness.” The aim is to investigate the mediating effects of social interaction and emotional experience, providing insights for promoting greater participation in sports events and supporting the healthy development of the sports industry.MethodsThe study involved 885 participants from five representative provinces and cities in China. Assessment tools included the Physical Activity Rating Scale, Social Interaction Questionnaire, Emotional Experience Questionnaire, and Subjective Wellbeing Scale. Data were analyzed using Stata and the PROCESS plug-in of SPSS for comprehensive multivariate statistical analysis.ResultsWatching sports events significantly and positively affects subjective wellbeing, social interaction, and emotional experience (p &lt; 0.001). Three mediating pathways were identified: (1) watching sports events → social interaction → subjective wellbeing (effect size: 0.024), (2) watching sports events → emotional experience → subjective wellbeing (effect size: 0.011), and (3) watching sports events → social interaction → emotional experience → subjective wellbeing (effect size: 0.003).ConclusionThe direct impact of watching sports events on subjective wellbeing was positive. Indirect effects were facilitated by the mediating roles of social interaction and emotional experience, with the effect of social interaction being more substantial than that of emotional experience.ImplicationsThese findings suggest that watching sports events can serve as a catalyst for enhancing wellbeing, primarily through fostering social connections and enriching emotional experiences. Practically, this indicates the potential value of encouraging viewership of sports events as a means of promoting community engagement and mental health, thus contributing to the holistic growth of the sports sector and public health initiatives.
Nurses' adverse event reporting attitudes and related factors: a cross-sectional study in maternal and child specialized hospitals in China
Authors: Wu Fang , Wang Xin , Chen Shaochuan , Li Huimin , Xie Huiqiong 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveTo investigate the current situation of nurses' attitude toward adverse event reporting and identify its related factors in maternal and child specialized hospitals.MethodsA questionnaire survey was conducted among 943 nurses in 18 second-level and above maternal and child specialized hospitals in Sichuan province in China. The questionnaire included general information and the Chinese version of Reporting of Clinical Adverse Effects Scale (C-RoCAES).ResultsThe total score of adverse events reported by nurses was 63.98 ± 8.77. The scores of the dimensions from high to low were reporting standard (3.13 ± 0.46), reporting impact (2.80 ± 0.54), reporting purpose (1.98 ± 0.66), and reporting environment (1.98 ± 0.42). Educational background (β = −1.87, p &lt; 0.001), professional title (β = −3.51, p &lt; 0.001), and adverse event experience (β = −7.05, p &lt; 0.001) were the positively associated with higher levels of nurses' attitude toward adverse event reporting in maternal and child specialized hospitals (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThe attitude of nurses in maternal and child specialized hospitals to report adverse events is at the middle level. Hospital managers should improve the reporting standards for adverse events, improve the hospital safety culture, strengthen the relevant training for nurses with low education and low professional titles, so as to improve nurses' awareness of adverse event reporting and reporting rate.
Gender differences in the prevalence, correlated factors and comorbidity of depression in adolescents: a cross-sectional study in Shanghai, China
Authors: Wang Yi , Zhang Xiyan , Li Yan , Qin Hongyun , Li Xin 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundPrior studies have reported gender differences in the prevalence, comorbidity rates and related factors of depression during adolescence. But the gender differences in depression vary across studies. Besides, the evidence from Chinese adolescent samples is limited. This study aimed to explore gender differences in the depression-related factors, the potential interactions of the associated factors and clinical features of comorbid depression and anxiety among Chinese adolescents.MethodsA cross-sectional study involving 3,510 participants aged 11 to 16 years from schools (private and public) in Shanghai was conducted with an anonymous paper-and-pencil questionnaire. Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI), Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED), Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) were used to evaluate depression, anxiety and behavioral and emotional difficulties, respectively. Logistic regression model was used to explore the possible correlated factors of adolescent depression and analyze the interactions of the risk factors.ResultsOur results showed that there was no gender difference in the prevalence rates of depression (χ2 = 0.047, p = 0.83), but the prevalence of depression in females began to exceed that of males at the ages of 15 and 16. The factors associated with depression varied by gender. Private school was a risk factor for depression only in boys (adjusted OR = 1.842 [95% CI, 1.286–2.636]), whereas girls from nuclear families (adjusted OR = 1.631 [95% CI, 1.156–2.300]) and other family structures (adjusted OR = 2.682 [95% CI, 1.502–4.788]) were more likely to experience depression compared to their peers in extended family structures. Interaction analyses showed there was a negative interaction between abnormal peer problems and 7th grade among boys (adjusted OR = 0.288 [95% CI, 0.086–0.951]). Furthermore, comorbidity rates of depression and anxiety were higher in girls than that in boys (χ2 = 14.457, p &lt; 0.001). And girls with comorbidity showed increased SDQ peer problems scores (Z = −3.151, p = 0.002).ConclusionThe findings indicate it is important to develop gender-specific interventions for adolescent depression. And for boys, evaluating peer relationships may be particularly crucial in lower grades. Moreover, recognizing the gender-specific clinical features of comorbid depression and anxiety is important for appropriate clinical diagnosis and targeted treatment.
Wastewater surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 during a mass sporting event in the City of Cape Town, Western Cape
Authors: Nkambule Sizwe , Street Renée , Surujlal-Naicker Swastika , Johnson Rabia , Mathee Angela 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundWastewater surveillance has become an important public health tool with numerous research studies indicating its potential for monitoring coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreaks. The aim of this study was to apply wastewater surveillance as an indicator for COVID-19 to monitor the impact of a mass sporting event in the City of Cape Town. The study compared the same event over 2 years (2022 and 2023).MethodsWeekly grab wastewater samples were collected from wastewater treatment plants in the City of Cape Town, and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction used to quantify severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA in wastewater.ResultsOur findings show a statistically significant correlation (rho = 0.68, p = 0.01) between clinical cases and concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater in the 2022 study period. During this specific period, a rise in clinical cases was observed 2 weeks after the event and the peaks in clinical cases coincided with the peaks in SARS-CoV-2 RNA level in wastewater. The study also found a statistically significant positive correlation (R2 = 0.03, F (1,208) = 6.56, p = 0.01) between the SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater and the 2022 event of the marathon hosted in the city.ConclusionDue to the decrease in clinical testing and the country being a popular destination for mass gatherings such as sporting events, the results from this study indicate the potential of wastewater surveillance providing supplementary information to form part of public health risk evaluations for mass gatherings.
Maternal pesticide exposure and risk of birth defects: a population-based cross-sectional study in China
Authors: Liu Fangfang , Li Xiayang , Chen Jie , Huang Yishuai , Dang Shaonong 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the association between maternal pesticide exposure during the periconceptional period and birth defects in their offspring.MethodsA survey was conducted among 29,204 women with infants born between 2010 and 2013 in Shaanxi Province, Northwest China. All cases of birth defects were diagnosed using the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). Given the multistage sampling design, the generalized estimating equation (GEE) binomial regression models with log link and exchangeable correlation structures were used to analyze the association between maternal pesticide exposures and birth defects.ResultsAmong the 29,204 subjects, 562 mothers had children with birth defects, resulting in an incidence rate of 192.44 per 10,000 live births. The incidence of birth defects was higher in the pesticide-exposed group compared to the control group (737.46/10,000 vs. 186.04/10,000). After adjusting for baseline demographic characteristics, fertility status, nutritional factors, and environmental factors in the GEE model, the results indicated that the risk of birth defects and cardiovascular system defects in mothers exposed to pesticides during the periconceptional period was 2.39 times (95% CI: 1.84–3.10) and 3.14 times (95% CI: 1.73–5.71) higher, respectively, compared to the control group.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that maternal exposure to pesticides during the periconceptional period was associated with an increased risk of birth defects, particularly cardiovascular system defects in offspring. Consequently, it would be beneficial to avoid pesticide exposure from three months before pregnancy through the first trimester to lower birth defects in infants.
Knowledge, attitudes and practices among patients with periodontal disease toward disease management
Authors: Zhao Siyu , Wu Yanyun 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionPeriodontal disease is a common chronic inflammatory condition that affects oral health and carries broader public health implications. This study aimed to assess the levels of knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) among patients with periodontal disease toward disease management.MethodsThis cross-sectional web-based study was conducted between March 2022 and March 2023. A self-administered questionnaire was designed to evaluate KAP toward disease management.ResultsA total of 514 questionnaires were collected. Among the patients, 313 (60.89%) of them were female, 309 (60.12%) resided in urban areas and 130 (25.29%) reported having severe periodontal disease. The mean scores of knowledge, attitudes and practices were 3.05 ± 2.03 (possible range: 0–8), 18.71 ± 3.64 (possible range: 6–30), and 14.85 ± 3.63 (possible range: 5–25), respectively. The knowledge item with highest correctness rate was the link between periodontal disease and systemic health (60.70%), while the lowest correctness rate was seen for understanding disease classification (36.96%). Pearson’s analysis revealed positive correlations between knowledge and attitude (r = 0.31, p &lt; 0.001), knowledge and practices (r = 0.23, p &lt; 0.001) attitudes, as well as attitudes and practices (r = 0.17, p &lt; 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that knowledge (OR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.14–1.49, p &lt; 0.001), age ≥ 33 years old (OR = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.18–0.62, p = 0.001), housewife/househusband (OR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.17–0.95, p = 0.037) and student (OR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.20–0.92, p = 0.029) were independently associated with practices.ConclusionPatients with periodontal disease had insufficient knowledge, negative attitudes, and passive practices toward disease management. Further efforts could be directed toward enhancing patient education on periodontal disease to improve knowledge, thereby positively influencing attitudes and disease management practices.
Neighborhood social environment and mental health of older adults in China: the mediating role of subjective well-being and the moderating role of green space
Authors: Lin Taizhi , Wang Qianhui , Tan Zixuan , Zuo Wen , Wu Rong 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionWith the continuous development of the global aging trend, the mental health of older adults has been a concern by the world. The living space of older adults is limited due to the decline of their activity function. Neighborhood environment, especially the neighborhood social environment, has become an important factor affecting the mental health of older adults. Therefore, this study explores the mechanism that influences the social environment of the neighborhood and the mental health of older adults, the mediating effect of subjective well-being (SWB), and the moderating effect of green space.MethodsBased on the 2018 China Labor Dynamics Survey, this study used the structural equation model to explore the mediating effect of neighborhood social environment (neighborhood ties, social trust, community security) on the mental health of older adults through SWB and the moderating effect of green space.ResultsSocial trust and community security are both directly and positively associated with older adults’ mental health. At the same time, neighborhood ties, social trust, and community security can promote the mental health of older adults by positively affecting SWB, while green space has an enhanced moderating effect between neighborhood ties and mental health.DiscussionThis study enriches the empirical research on neighborhood social environment and mental health. First of all, older adults living in communities with good safety conditions and high social trust are less affected by negative emotions and tend to have good mental health. Second, deeper neighborhood ties, higher social trust, and safer community environments help older adults to be less disturbed by negative situations, have a positive effect on their SWB, and indirectly promote mental health. At the same time, green space can provide a place for older adults to socialize, enhance the positive impact of neighborhood ties on SWB, and further promote the mental health of older adults. Finally, this study suggests that the government and community managers pay attention to the construction of neighborhood social environment and green space, and provide support for “healthy community” and “healthy aging” planning.
What is in a food store name? Leveraging large language models to enhance food environment data
Authors: Etheredge Analee J. , Hosmer Samuel , Crossa Aldo , Suss Rachel , Torrey Mark 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionIt is not uncommon to repurpose administrative food data to create food environment datasets in the health department and research settings; however, the available administrative data are rarely categorized in a way that supports meaningful insight or action, and ground-truthing or manually reviewing an entire city or neighborhood is rate-limiting to essential operations and analysis. We show that such categorizations should be viewed as a classification problem well addressed by recent advances in natural language processing and deep learning—with the advent of large language models (LLMs).MethodsTo demonstrate how to automate the process of categorizing food stores, we use the foundation model BERT to give a first approximation to such categorizations: a best guess by store name. First, 10 food retail classes were developed to comprehensively categorize food store types from a public health perspective.ResultsBased on this rubric, the model was tuned and evaluated (F1micro = 0.710, F1macro = 0.709) on an extensive storefront directory of New York City. Second, the model was applied to infer insights from a large, unlabeled dataset using store names alone, aiming to replicate known temporospatial patterns. Finally, a complimentary application of the model as a data quality enhancement tool was demonstrated on a secondary, pre-labeled restaurant dataset.DiscussionThis novel application of an LLM to the enumeration of the food environment allowed for marked gains in efficiency compared to manual, in-person methods, addressing a known challenge to research and operations in a local health department.
Autologous porcine VRAM flap model for VCA research
Authors: Blades Caitlin M. , Dumanian Zari P. , Wang Yong , Wang Zhaohui , Li Bing , Washington Kia M. , Slade Julia B. , Evans Conor L. , Arrowsmith Paula , Farkash Evan A. , Yu Jason W. , Greyson Mark A. , Huang Christene A. , Navarro-Alvarez Nalu , Mathes David W. 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionAs research advances in vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA), large animal models are essential for translational studies related to immune rejection and graft survival. However, procurement of large flaps can cause significant defects, complicating wound closure and increasing postoperative risks. This study details the surgical techniques and outcomes of autologous vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous (VRAM) flap transplantation and neck flap isolation with induced ischemia in a swine model. The purpose of this study was to identify the most effective control procedure for use in future VRAM flap allotransplantation research.MethodsWe performed two left heterotopic autologous VRAM flap transplants and two right anterolateral neck flap isolations using female Yucatan pigs. Postoperatively, animals were monitored for complications and flap healing, with punch biopsies taken on POD1, 5, and at the end of the study for histological analysis. Transcutaneous oxygen and temperature were also recorded.ResultsBoth autologous flaps survived after vessel anastomosis, with effective closure of abdominal defects using suturable mesh, and no postoperative complications were observed. Histology revealed mild dermal edema and perivascular inflammation on POD5. In the neck flap group, both flaps survived temporary ischemia, however, postoperative complications included dorsal flap necrosis and wound dehiscence, requiring reoperation. No gross inflammation or edema was observed following surgery and histologically there was only mild dermal edema on POD5.DiscussionWe have developed a low-risk, technically feasible porcine autologous VRAM flap transplantation model and our findings support its use in future VCA studies.
Surgical vs. conservative treatment for hip osteoporotic fracture in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Zhang Man-Yu , Song Wei , Wang Jing-Bo , Lv Rui-Qian , Zhao Fu-Hao , Yang Ding-Wei 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundHSip Osteoporotic fractures are common complications with high mortality in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). It remains unclear whether surgical or conservative should be adopted for hip fractures in MHD patients.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted in Tianjin Hospital of Tianjin University from August 2019 to August 2023. A total of 43 MHD patients with hip fracture were included, with 30 cases in the surgical group and 13 cases in the conservative group. The differences in cumulative survival rates, time to first ambulation, Harris score, Barthel index, and incidence of complications were compared.ResultsThe surgical group had remarkable lower mortality rates as compared with the conservative group at 1, 2, 3, 6, 12, 24 months (13.33 VS. 38.46%, 26.67 VS. 53.85%, 26.67 VS. 53.85%, 26.67 VS. 61.54%, 26.67 VS. 61.54%, and 26.67 VS. 69.23%). In the surgical treatment group, the first ambulation time was reduced to 28 (26) days, which was superior to the conservative group (134.17 ± 43.18 days, P &lt; 0.001). The Harris score at 1 month (61.50 ± 4.10) and the Barthel index at 3 months (95, 11.25) were also significantly higher (P &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, the surgical group had a significantly lower overall incidence of complications (60.00 vs. 92.31%, P = 0.034). The risk of death and complications of surgical treatment was only 23.0 and 32.4% of conservative treatment in MHD patients with hip fracture.ConclusionSurgical treatment is effective and safe and should be the first choice for hip fracture in MHD patients.
Robotic lower-lip mucosal graft ureteroplasty for ureteral stenosis longer than 2 cm: initial experience of thirteen patients
Authors: Zhang Zhaolin , Zeng Xin , Wu Yuting , Wu Gengqing , He Zhihua , Zhang Guoxi , Zou Xiaofeng , Yuan Yuanhu , Xu Hui 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivesTo present our initial experience of robotic ureteroplasty with lower-lip mucosal graft (LLMG) for treating ureteral stenosis longer than 2 cm and evaluate its feasibility and efficacy.Materials and methodsA total of thirteen patients with ureteral stenosis who underwent robotic ureteroplasty with LLMG were retrospectively analyzed. After identification and dissection of the ureteral stenosis segment, the segment was incised longitudinally. Then, the LLMG was harvested according to the characteristics of stenosis and sutured with the ureter in onlay fashion. All procedures were completed successfully.ResultThe median stenosis length was 3.5 cm (ranged: 3.0–4.5 cm). The mean length and width of the LLMG were 3.81 ± 0.60 cm and 1.27 ± 0.26 cm, respectively. The mean operative time and anastomosis time were 212.31 ± 23.06 min and 36.54 ± 6.58 min, respectively. The double-J stent was removed at 8 weeks postoperatively in all patients. Three patients (23.1%) suffered postoperative complications during the follow-up period (range, 6–18 months), including fever, urinary tract infection and stenosis recurrence. The success rate was 92.3% (12/13).ConclusionRobotic ureteroplasty with LLMG is a safe and feasible technique for treating ureteral stenosis.