bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eating Disorders Part II: Clinical Strategies for Dental Treatment
Authors: Aranha Ana Cecília Corrêa , de Paula Eduardo Carlos , Cordás Táki Athanassios 
Published: July 2019

AimTo present the strategies of treatment for dental implications of eating disorders.Methods and MaterialsA comprehensive review of the literature was conducted with special emphasis on the treatment of the oral implications of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, dividing the treatment into different parts.ResultsOral manifestations of eating disorders represent a challenge to the dental pratitioner. Dental erosion, caries, xerostomia, enlargement of parotide glands, traumatized oral mucosa, and other oral manifestations may present in anorexic and bulimic patients.ConclusionOften the dentist is the first healthcare provider to observe the clinical symptoms of an eating disorder. Dental treatment should be carried out simultaneously with the medical treatment. However, dentists are not aware of the fundamental importance of the dentist's participation in the multidisciplinary treatment and no training is provided with regard to the strategies involved in the dental treatment.KeywordsOral complications of eating disorders are a major concern. The difficulties of recognizing the oral manifestations, and the failure to do so, may lead to serious systemic problems in addition to progressive and irreversible damage to the oral hard tissues. Considering the increasing incidence and prevalence rates of eating disorders, the dentist's participation and dental treatment should be discussed.CitationAranha ACC, Eduardo CP, Cordás TA. Eating Disorders Part II: Clinical Strategies for Dental Treatment. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 November; (9)7:089-096.
The Prevalence of Anterior Teeth Fracture and its Relation to Malocclusion in 12 and 15 Year Old School Children Belgaum City India
Authors: Tangade Pradeep. S. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
The objectives of this study were to know the prevalence of anterior teeth fracture and malocclusion and their correlation among the school going children aged 12 and 15 years, as well as to analyze the general relative risk factors like age, sex, malocclusion, nature and place of trauma.

Method
An epidemiological cross sectional study was carried out among 3621 school going children (2418 boys and 1203 girls) in Belgaum city aged 12 and 15 years. Interview was conducted fro other variables and clinical examination using modified WHO performa was done.

Results
The prevalence of anterior teeth fracture was 4.41%. The prevalence rate for males was 4.96% and females 3.33%. The maxillary left central incisor had more risk for fracture (42.7%). Enamel fractures compromised of 59.54%. The prevalence rate of malocclusion was 27.3%.

Conclusions
The study concludes that there is a strong relationship between malocclusion and fractured anterior teeth (P<0.001). Key words: Malocclusion, Trauma, Prevalence, Tooth Fracture
Geminated Maxillary Lateral Incisor with Talon's Cusp – A Rare Case Report
Authors: Goel Mahesh , Agnihotri Archna 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
A rare case of Geminated maxillary lateral incisor with Talon's cusp is reported. In order to relieve the crowding, align the anteriors and to facilitate the eruption of canine it was planned to extract the geminated tooth. The canine after complete eruption was recontoured to the shape of lateral incisor followed by the alignment of anterior teeth.
Prevalence of Osteoporotic Changes in Panoramic Radiographs of Patients showing Carotid Calcifications
Authors: Pabla Tarunjeet , Ramesh Aruna 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Objectives
Atherosclerosis and Osteoporosis are two of the most prevalent chronic diseases in the western world. They share common risk factors and many studies suggest an association between arterial calcification and low bone mass possibly due to common etiology.(1-3) The aim of this pilot study is to study the prevalence of osteoporotic changes in patients showing evidence of carotid plaques on panoramic radiographs.

Methods
Of the panoramic radiographs done on dental school patients from 2004-2005, 24 radiographs showing frank evidence of carotid plaque were selected and reviewed for osteoporotic changes using the criteria by White et al.(4)

Results
95% of our study patients showed evidence of osteoporotic changes in their mandibular cortex.

Conclusions
Given the results of our pilot study, it is important that dentists should screen for osteoporosis in patients showing carotid atherosclerosis.
Orodental Care related to Radiotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Atri Rajeev , Dhankhar Rakesh , Nair Vimoj , Kaushal Vivek , Dhull Anil Kumar 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTOrodental care is mandatory in radiotherapy for head and neck cancer patients. Radiation therapy of malignant tumors of head and neck is associated with number of side effects, which can lead to acute and chronic oral complications. It is important to prevent and treat orofacial complications which require a multidisciplinary approach. All patients should undergo oral screening before radiotherapy for tumors of head and neck. Many oral conditions, such as poor oral hygiene, broken teeth, defective restorations and periodontal disease, are likely to precipitate complications during and after a course of radiation therapy and it is always better to deal with these problems before starting radiotherapy. The risk of osteoradionecrosis will be reduced to zero if there was a 21-day or greater interval between extraction and initiation of radiation therapy. Systematically applied oral hygiene protocols during radiotherapy may reduce the incidence, severity and duration of oral complications. It is well accepted that tooth extraction should be avoided even after many years of head and neck radiotherapy. If required it should be done by an experienced dental surgeon with proper prophylactic measures. The dental professional plays a relevant role in the prevention and healing or control of the oral complications. The relief of symptoms and the eradication of clinical manifestations largely improve patient quality of life.
Assessment of Oral Hygiene Practices and Awareness of Periodontal-Systemic Health Interrelationship Amongst the Local Population of Kanpur Region – A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Singh AK , Gupta V , Gupta B 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Objective
This study was carried out to know the oral hygiene practices and the awareness of periodontal-systemic health inter-relationship amongst the general population of Kanpur region.

Materials and Methods
A cross sectional epidemiological survey was conducted among the patients reporting to the department of Periodontology, Rama Dental College and Hospital Kanpur U.P. A total of 1000 new patients were selected and a self-constructed questionnaire was presented to them. Oral hygiene status was checked through OHI index and patient's awareness for periodontal-systemic health inter-relationship was assessed by a self made awareness index.

Results
The results of our study showed limited oral hygiene practices and lack of knowledge for the effect of poor oral hygiene on systemic health amongst the surveyed population. Although 96.5 % of patients reported using brush and toothpaste and most of them (68.5 %) brushed their teeth once daily, only 35.8 % patients replaced their toothbrush within 3 months, a very minimal percentage of subjects (3.2%) were using other methods of oral hygiene and frequency of cleaning tongue daily was found in only 48.5% patients. Out of 1000 patients included, majority paid dental visits on having any problem (84.0%) rather than regular visitors. It was found that majority of the assessed population's (94.7 %) awareness about periodontal-systemic health interrelationship was poor.

Conclusion
There is an urgent need for comprehensive educational programs to promote good oral hygiene awareness and its impact on systemic health amongst the general population of Kanpur region.
Oral Health Outreach Programs - Can they Address the Disparities in Access to Dental Care?
Authors: Razdan M , Degenholtz HB , Rubin RW 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Objective
This study examines the potential of an oral health outreach program (SCOPE) in addressing disparities in access to dental care.

Material & Method
The extent to which underserved communities represent SCOPE's patient population and the type and quantity of care delivered were examined. Work records of fourth year dental students were analyzed to compute the proportion of under-18, elderly, African-Americans, Hispanics, those on public insurance, and uninsured individuals in the program'spatient population.

Results
The insurance-mix of SCOPE'spatients was compared with the nationally representative sample of dental patients. Compared with the local communities and the nationally representative sample of dental patients; African-Americans, Hispanics, the uninsured, those on state insurance and children were over-represented in SCOPE's patient population.

Conclusion
Oral health outreach programs run by academic dental institutions have the potential to address disparities in access to dental care. Rotating dental students through community-based clinics increases the availability of inexpensive dental professionals in the community.
Ergonomics Everytime Keeps Dental Practice Healthy, Wealthy and Fine
Authors: Bansal P , Kaur M , Sharma AK 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
ERGONOMICS is a way to work smarter - not harder by designing tools, equipment, workstations and tasks to fit the job to the worker-NOT the worker to the job.
In the dental profession, dentists spend their work days in an awkward static position performing extremely precise procedures in a 2“×2 ½” workspace-the patient's mouth. Therefore, they are at a greater risk of work- related musculoskeletal disorders than is the general population. These disorders can result in pain and dysfunction of neck, back and hands and fingers. This article is aimed at providing some interventions that can considered by the dentists in light of their own experience and needs. It also discusses the important issues of posture and offers different exercises to work with comfort, efficiency and ease.
A broad research of published literature was performed using the keyword ergonomics, MSD's and stretches from 1983- 2016 in google scholar, internet and text books.
A Survey To Evaluate Attitude Towards Replacemet Of Missing Teeth In Patient Among South Costal Area Of Karnataka
Authors: Dandekeri S , Hegde C , Zunjarrao BV 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
As years are passing attitude towards the dental treatment of each individual is changing not only the aesthetic is their prime concern but also, they demand for a prosthesis which is biomechanical in function and long lasting. Therefore, a prime concern should be given to patient's attitude and their expectations towards the treatment which will in all lead to patient's satisfaction. However, there are generally no accepted rules about how to estimate need, demand or utilization of prosthodontic services in most situations, since individual preferences play a very important role. The awareness of patient regarding dental treatment is of prime importance and should be looked upon. This study was done to assess the patients attitude and concern towards missing teeth and rehabilitating it with the artificial teeth.
Alveolar Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis - A Case Report
Authors: Atri Rajeev , Dhankhar Rakesh , Nair Vimoj , Kaushal Vivek , Dhull Anil Kumar 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Langerhans cell histiocytosis is a rare disorder, usually occurring in children and young adults. A five year old male child presented with ulcers in lower left alveolar ridge with mobility of adjacent teeth of four months duration. After all relevant radiological and histopathological investigations final diagnosis of multicentric langerhans cell histiocytosis stage - II was made. The patient was put on chemotherapy with CHOP (Cyclophosphamide, Adriamycin, Vincristine and Prednisolone) regimen three weekly for eight courses. Now after six months of cessation of chemotherapy, the patient is in complete clinical remission.
Prevalence, Knowledge and Attitude of Tobacco Use Among Health Professionals In Mangalore City, Karnataka
Authors: Bhat Sham S , Sundeep Hegde K , Harini Priya M 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
As members of health profession, medical practitioners and dentists have a duty to promote oral and general health and healthy lifestyles among their patients, by raising their awareness about the harmful effects of tobacco on health and guiding them in conquering tobacco addiction.
A significant barrier to anti-tobacco counseling by health professionals has been found to be as a result of self-use, of tobacco.
The study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitude and prevalence of tobacco use among medical and dental health professionals of Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
Ever consumers were 37% and 19% were current consumers of tobacco in the present study.
Cigarette is major product consumed. Majority of the current consumers (56.92%) had attempted to quit but more than half (60%) had again restarted the habit of tobacco consumption.
Addiction was the cause for not quitting the habit among 15.38% of current consumers. 38.9% stated that they had participated in anti-tobacco programmes.
Majority of the health professionals (72.91%) have expressed that tobacco use has to be banned. Effective cessation programs to reduce tobacco use among health professionals should be promoted‥
Knowledge and Attitude among Dental students of Udaipur, India towards HIV/AIDS
Authors: Jain Manish , Kulkarni Suhas , Dagli Rushabh J , Kumar Santhosh , Mathur Anmol , Prabu D 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Aims & Objective
The aim of the present study was to assess current status of knowledge and attitude among the dental students of Udaipur, India towards HIV/AIDS.

Material and Methods
A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among 282 dental students of Darshan Dental College. The interview questionnaire comprised of 27close ended questions. One way ANOVA was applied by using SPSS (11.0) to compare mean level of knowledge and attitude towards HIV/AIDS.

Results
Shows dental students have satisfactory knowledge, but certain misconception was prevalent. It also shows that around 30.20% of the dental students held an over all negative attitude. Mean level of knowledge and attitude towards HIV/AIDS had a statistically significant difference in results among sex and academic periods.

Conclusion
Over all knowledge and attitude among dental students was found to be satisfactory. Most of the Dental Students, near about 69.80% have a positive attitude regarding HIV/AIDS education.
Genetic Basis of Dental Disorders: A Review
Authors: Khuller Nitin 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTDeciphering the relative roles of heredity and environmental factors (“nature vs. nurture”) in the pathogenesis of dental caries and diseases of the periodontium has occupied clinical and basic researchers for decades. Success in the endeavor has come more easily in the case of caries; the complex interactions that occur between host-response mechanisms and mutative microbiologic pathogens in periodontal disease have made elucidation of genetic factors in disease susceptibility more difficult. A critical discussion of the evidence for a hereditary component in caries susceptibility is presented, also from a historical perspective. Recent applications ofin vitromethods for genetic analyses in periodontal research are also being discussed, with an eye toward a future in which persons who are at risk, i.e., genetically predisposed to periodontal disease may be identified and targeted for interventional strategies. The evidence for the influence of genetics in dental anomalies and malocclusion has also been discussed. The most important conclusion of this review is: while phenotype is inevitably the result of both genetic and environmental factors, there is irrefutable evidence for a significant genetic influence in many genetic and occlusal variables.
Dentistry in the 21st Century: A Look into the Future
Authors: Vasudeva Gaurav , Salil Pawah 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Modern dentistry and research will make possible the maintenance of comprehensive oral health by involving the use of nanomaterials, biotechnology including tissue engineering and, ultimately, dental nanorobotics (nanomedicine). Within 10 to 20 years, these devices will allow precisely controlled oral analgesia, dentition replacement therapy using biologically autologous whole replacement teeth manufactured during a single office visit, and rapid nanometer-scale precision restorative dentistry.
Tissue engineering is a novel and highly exciting field of research that aims to repair damaged tissues as well as create replacement (bioartificial) organs. A general review of the principles underlying key tissue engineering strategies are described.

PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS
Tissue engineering will have a considerable effect on dental practice during the next 25 years. The greatest effects will likely be related to the repair and replacement of mineralized tissues, the promotion of oral wound healing and the use of gene transfer adjunctively
An Investigation into Black Tooth Stain Among School Children in Chakkar Ka Milak of Moradabad City, India
Authors: Tirth Amit , Srivastava BK , Nagarajappa Ramesh , Ravishankar TL 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Background
Tooth discoloration is a frequent dental finding associated with clinical and esthetic problems. It differs in etiology, appearance, composition, location and severity. During routine school dental camps we found that there is black discoloration of tooth in children in a particular area of Moradabad city.

Objective
To assess the prevalence and to investigate the reasons for the black stains among school children of Moradabad city.

Methods
Three schools present in the municipal ward were selected for the study. All the children studying in the above schools were subjected to Type III investigation to identify the black stains. Out of 780 children 156 students showed black stains. Among them a sample of black stain scraping was taken from 5 students and it was subjected to analysis for trace elements. Trace elements analysis was done by (ICP) Inductively Coupled Photo spectrometry.

Results
Out of 5 scrapings 3 showed presence of ferrous ions of about 2.56%, calcium ions 17.15% and magnesium ions 0.72%, while the remaining 2 samples showed calcium 14.86%, magnesium ions 0.82% and no presence of ferrous ions.

Conclusion
Black extrinsic tooth stains were shown to be a form of dental plaque. The stains examined contained a black insoluble ferric compound.
Maternal Factors and Child's Dental Health
Authors: Sufia Shamta , Khan Ayyaz Ali , Chaudhry Saima 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Aim
This study was carried out to investigate the effect of mother's age, education, occupation and income on the dental health behaviours and caries experience of her pre-school children in the District of Lahore, Pakistan.

Methods
This questionnaire based cross-sectional study evaluated the dental health status and oral health behaviors of 600 children in relation to the mother's age, education, family income and her domicile of residence. Chi square test was used to see the association between the different variables. The level of significance was taken as p<0.05.

Result
Tooth cleaning behaviors were found to be associated with all the maternal factors under study. Sugary food consumption was associated with mother's level of education and her family income while dental decay positively correlated with her residence and family income.

Conclusion
Younger age of the mother, high level of educational attainment, higher income and urban residence, all have a positive influence on the dental health practices of her pre-school children.

Key Points
1. Dental health practices of the pre-school children are greatly influenced by the maternal characteristics. 2. Dental decay status of pre-school children is independent of the mother's education, income and residence. 3. Dental decay status of the pre-school children is low in Lahore, Pakistan.
Cleidocranial Dysplasia - Report of A Case
Authors: Sharma Sansar , Sharma Amita 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Cleidocranial dysplasia is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by hypoplastic or absent clavicles, large fontanelles, dental anomalies and delayed skeletal development. A case of an eleven year old boy with this syndrome is reported having multiple supernumerary teeth, retained deciduous dentition, non-eruption of permanent dentition along with hypoplasia of orofacial and skeletal structures.
Fractured Maxillary Central Incisor Restoration with Fragment Reattachment: A 2 Year Follow-up Case Report
Authors: Akkareddy Basavaprabhu , Choudhari Shantanu , Kulkarni Sadanand , Kataria Sudesh 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Injury to anterior teeth is a relatively common event. Dentists are confronted with managing dental trauma and restoring fractured teeth on a regular basis. Hence the technique that speed and simplify treatment, restore esthetics and improve long term success rate are therefore of potential value and should be considered. If an intact tooth fragment is present after trauma, the incisal edge reattachment procedure presents a conservative, simple and esthetic alternative. Clinical trials have reported that reattachment using modern dentine bonding agents and resin system may achieve a functional and esthetic success. This article presents with a case report of restoration of fractured maxillary central incisor using fragment reattachment in a 12 year old child. The reattachment was carried out using resin cement followed by additional chamfer on buccal surface which was restored with resin composite. The reattached fragment was found to be intact at a 2 year follow-up visit.
Infection Control In Prosthodontics
Authors: Rampal Neeraj , Kaushik Pankaj 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Infection control is an important concept in the present day practice of dentistry. Dentistry is predominantly a field of surgery, involving exposure to blood and other potentially infectious materials and therefore, requires a high standard of Infection Control and Safety Many countries in the world have strong guidelines and recommendations for dental safety. In a country like India, the concept is new and needs to be advocated on the highest priority Infection control is important in dental practice to control patient-to-patient infectious disease transmission, and occupational exposure of dental health care personnel (DHCP) to infectious, chemical and other hazards present/encountered during the practice of dentistry. To avoid disease transmission it is important to understand the mechanism of transmission of infection, the pathogens involved and the Safety measures that can be undertaken. The prosthodontists are at an added risk of transmission because of the infection spreading through the contaminated lab equipments while working in the lab. The lab protocols should also be strictly followed along with the clinical protocols.