bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Occupational therapy and the use of music tempo in the treatment of the mental health care user with psychosis
Authors: Strauss Monique , Van Heerden Susanna Maria , Joubert Gina 
Published: February 2025

The mental health care user (MHCU) with psychosis has restrictions in occupational performance components and occupational performance areas, causing impaired activity participation, compromising the achievement of Occupational Therapy (OT) goals with this population.Â The effect of slow versus fast tempo music during OT treatment of the MHCU with psychosis was investigated by means of a quantitative, experimental study. One hundred and sixty MHCUs with either inhibited or agitated symptoms of psychosis were included. The activity participation of the MHCUs, in terms of attention, following of instructions, directedness towards activity and willingness to participate were evaluated by three assessors through a pre- and post-test. The study indicated that music tempo, together with activity, has the ability to improve attention, following of instructions and directedness towards activity in the inhibited MHCU and attention and following of instructions in the agitated MHCU.Â Occupational therapy with music elements might be useful when working with the MHCU with psychosis.KEY WORDSMental Health care user (MHCU), Psychosis, Occupational Therapy, music tempo, occupational performance component (OPC), occupational performance area (OPA)
Urban photobioreactor for CO2 sequestration and microalgal biomass production
Authors: Khan Saim , Ali Mehmood , Mustafa Atif , Iqbal Aqsa 
Published: February 2025

The growth system of microalgae photobioreactors (PBRs) has drawn a lot of interest as a viable and sustainable method for generating quality biomass for value-added products and biofuels. The objective of this research work is to cultivate micro-algae species Chlorella vulgaris in a photobioreactor that was designed, fabricated, and powered by solar energy system. Three experimental conditions were compared with 1:4 ratios of microalgae culture (40L) and fresh water (10L) having 100mL of media (nutrients) used in each experiment with control sample (ambient air aeration) experiment # 1, injecting 200 g of CO2 for 15 sec (experiment # 2), and 300g of CO2 for 25 sec (experiment # 3) on alternate days during the cultivation period. All experiments showed the reduction of nutrients concentration (orthophosphate and nitrate) and enhancement of biomass productivity with respect to 10 days of cultivation period. Experiments 1, 2 and 3 showed removal of orthophosphate as 50 %, 41.74 % and 60.78 % respectively, whereas nitrate removal was 22 %, 48 % and 58 %. Biomass productivity from experiments 1, 2 and 3 after 10 days of cultivation period were 196.63 mg/L, 203.43 mg/L, 318.76 mg/L respectively. Statistical analysis revealed that supplying CO2 from external source in experiment # 2 and experiment # 3 have same pattern of statistical significance with co-relationship between two groups of means with p-value of 6.306 × . The maximum microalgal biomass was recovered from experiment # 3, with 7.98 % by weight protein content yield and lipid content yield 37.4 % by weight (1.87/ 5 g of dried biomass). Kinetic study showed volumetric mass transfer capacities of and were found to be 1.763× /s and 1.676× /s, with better result of gas transfer capacity of the system. In the extracted lipids favorable qualities of fatty acids for the production of microalgae biodiesel were found such as myristic (C14:0), palmitic (C16:0), palmitoleic (C16:1), oleic (C18:1), linoleic (C18:1), and linolenic acids (C18:3). The use of urban micro-algae photobioreactors is an environmentally sustainable strategy that can contribute significantly to the bio-based economy and reduce the negative effects of traditional fossil fuel usage on the environment.
Sexual identity, child maltreatment, mental health, and substance use among emerging adults aged 18 to 23 years
Authors: Afifi Tracie O. , Osorio Ana , Fortier Janique , Stewart-Tufescu Ashley , Taillieu Tamara L. , McCarthy Julie-Anne 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives
Although past studies have identified sex differences in child maltreatment experiences and poor mental and physical health‒related outcomes, more research is needed to understand child maltreatment among sexual minorities (i.e., those who identify as other than heterosexual) and how child maltreatment and sexual identity are related to depression, anxiety, and at-risk alcohol and cannabis use among emerging adults.

Methods
Data were drawn from the longitudinal Well-Being and Experiences (WE) Study collected from 2017 (14 to 17 years) to 2022 (18 to 23 years) from Manitoba, Canada (n = 584). Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models were computed.

Results
Compared to heterosexual or straight sexual identity: homosexual, gay or lesbian; bisexual; and different or other identity were associated with an increased likelihood of experiencing child maltreatment, with the most robust relationships for bisexual identity and all child maltreatment outcomes. Indicating “I don’t know” for sexual identity compared to heterosexual identity was associated with 7.45 increased odds of exposure to intimate partner violence in adjusted models. Bisexual identity compared to heterosexual identity had the most robust association, with increased odds of depression, anxiety, at-risk alcohol use, and at-risk cannabis use. Findings provide some evidence to suggest that trends may be worse for some mental health and substance use outcomes among sexual minorities who also experience child maltreatment.

Conclusion
Preventing child maltreatment among all children, including youth identifying as other than heterosexual, is a public health priority. Such efforts will work towards optimizing mental health and reducing substance use in early adulthood.
Analyzing the Stability of P-Wave Seismogram Method for Estimating VS30: Insights from Two Accelerometer Arrays in Greece
Authors: Pappa Evi , Papazachos Costas , Chatzis Nikos , Grendas Ioannis , Theodoulidis Nikos , Triantafyllidis Petros 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
We study the applicability and limitations of the single-station P-wave seismogram method for estimating VS30 by analyzing data from two accelerometer arrays in Greece. Although the method (and its variants) is usually applied at regional and local networks using small earthquake data (M 2–5), we employ a rather small number of stations (25) from the two arrays to validate the method against detailed geophysical models available for these test sites. We also examine the method applicability to downhole accelerometers, not considered in similar studies. The results show a rather systematic overestimation of the time-averaged (to depth z) shear-wave velocity, VSZ, for most stations. We employ a Monte Carlo approach with synthetic data to quantify the effect of hypocentral errors and explore possible correlations between the ray parameter, p, and VSZ. We find a clear correlation between the epicentral error and extremely large VSZ-values (even &gt;5 km/s). Removing records with low ray parameters (p &lt;0.1 s/km) significantly improves the result stability. We also identify a correlation between the earthquake local magnitude ML and the estimated VSZ-values, in agreement with theoretical considerations, and propose a correction for this effect. Using reference geophysical models for the two arrays, we confirm that the method exploration depth z increases with the pulse duration of the source time function (τp), though with a larger average τp=0.15  s value for M∼3.0 events than previously suggested. Application of the proposed corrections leads to VSZ- and VS30-values (estimated from VSZ-to-VS30 semi-empirical relations) within ∼21% of the reference array velocity models. These rather small VS30 deviations from reference values, compared to similar studies, suggest that the P-wave seismogram method can provide reliable VS30 estimates for existing large-scale recording networks for which measured values are not available.
Local Magnitude Estimation via an Attention-Based Machine Learning Model
Authors: Zhang Ji , Kato Aitaro , Zhu Huiyu , Wang Wei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Rapid and reliable earthquake magnitude estimation is crucial for disaster management, scientific research, and resource conservation across multiple fields, especially during the initial stages of event detection. The most reliable traditional methods rely on complete waveform records, including earthquake epicenter distance and waveform amplitude, which can delay magnitude assessment. Machine learning techniques offer a promising avenue for capturing nonlinear relationships within seismic data, enhancing both information extraction and timeliness in magnitude estimation. In this study, we introduce an Attention-based machine learning model for MAGnitude estimation (AMAG) tailored for real-time earthquake monitoring. Using two independent datasets for training and testing, the results demonstrate the efficacy of our method in accurately predicting earthquake magnitudes. The magnitude prediction errors on the two test sets are −0.2 and −0.1, respectively, and the picking errors for both are 0.02 s. Our approach can be used directly for different time windows and signal lengths (at least 1 s) without retraining. We investigate the influence of signal-to-noise ratio, distances, and the integration of attention mechanisms. The attention mechanism facilitates the identification of the first motion and provides insights into the network’s focus areas, thereby establishing a relationship between waveform characteristics and earthquake magnitude. In addition, we systematically explore the impact of network architectures, loss functions, and signal lengths on prediction performance. Our findings reveal that a network with a depth of four layers and a convolution kernel size of five yields optimal prediction accuracy, with mean square error identified as the most effective loss function. When the input waveform is six seconds long, with equal durations of noise and signal, the model’s prediction accuracy is optimized. Our study underscores the potential of machine learning-based magnitude estimation for real-time earthquake monitoring, offering novel opportunities to mitigate natural disaster impacts, minimize casualties, and safeguard lives and property.
Improving the Resolution of Array-Based Surface-Wave Phase Velocity Tomography by Correcting for Array-Averaging Effects
Authors: Li Zhengbo , Chen Juqing , Shi Caiwang , Chen Xiaofei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In recent years, the development of array-based surface-wave technology has brought ambient noise surface-wave imaging into the era of overtone surface waves. Overtone surface-wave dispersion curves offer additional constraints in inversion, significantly enhancing depth resolution, especially for low-velocity zones. However, these methods require noise cross-correlation functions from dozens of stations for each dispersion extraction. Previous imaging work used dispersion curves extracted from the subarray to represent the average structure beneath the subarray, obtaining a 1D velocity structure at the center point of different subarrays. This approach can lead to observed phase velocity values and distributions being influenced by the subarray’s size due to the averaging effect. In this work, we try to establish the relationship between the phase velocity distribution and the observed dispersion curves using simple approximations. Then, the averaging issue can be effectively addressed through a spatial phase-velocity further inversion, for which the phase velocity distribution is treated as the inverted model and the phase velocities obtained by subarrays as the observed data. Synthetic tests demonstrate that this inversion effectively enhances the horizontal spatial resolution of the array surface-wave method and corrects the observed absolute velocity values. We also apply this method to the eastern South China block with our previously developed surface-wave method, the frequency–Bessel transform method, supplementing more essential details for the midcrustal low-velocity zones. Furthermore, the inversion enables a chessboard test to estimate the horizontal resolution of the inverted phase velocity distribution, addressing a key concern in array-based surface-wave imaging.
Distributed Acoustic Sensing for Whale Vocalization Monitoring: A Vertical Deployment Field Test
Authors: Saw Jaewon , Luo Linqing , Chu Kristy , Ryan John , Soga Kenichi , Wu Yuxin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
There is growing interest in floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT) technology, where turbines are installed on floating structures anchored to the seabed, allowing wind energy development in areas unsuitable for traditional fixed-platform turbines. Responsible development requires monitoring the impact of FOWTs on marine wildlife, such as whales, throughout the operational lifecycle of the turbines. Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS)—a technology that transforms fiber-optic cables into vibration sensor arrays—has been demonstrated for acoustic monitoring of whales using seafloor telecommunications cables. However, no studies have yet evaluated DAS performance in dynamic, engineered environments, such as floating platforms or moving vessels with complex, dynamic strain loads, despite their relevance to FOWT settings. This study addresses that gap by deploying DAS aboard a boat in Monterey Bay, California, where a fiber-optic cable was lowered using a weighted and suspended mooring line, enabling vertical deployment. Humpback whale vocalizations were captured and identified in the DAS data, noise sources were identified, and DAS data were compared to audio captured by a standalone hydrophone attached to the mooring line and a nearby hydrophone on a cabled observatory. This study is unique in: (1) deploying DAS in a vertical deployment mode, where noise from turbulence, cable vibrations, and other sources posed additional challenges compared to seafloor DAS applications; (2) demonstrating DAS in a dynamic, nonstationary setup, which is uncommon for DAS interrogators typically used in more stable environments; and (3) leveraging looped sections of the cable to reduce the noise floor and mitigate the effects of excessive cable vibrations and strain. This research demonstrates DAS’s ability to capture whale vocalizations in challenging environments, highlighting its potential to enhance underwater acoustic monitoring, particularly in the context of renewable energy development in offshore environments.
Earthquake Location with Distributed Acoustic Sensing Subarray Beamforming with Implications for Earthquake Early Warning
Authors: Ben-Zeev Shahar , Lior Itzhak 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Earthquake location is a crucial component of earthquake monitoring and earthquake early warning (EEW) systems. The emerging distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) technology allows array measurements of strain rate in an unprecedented spatial resolution and over long distances. Hence, it holds great promise for earthquake location evaluation. Yet, many existing fibers that are in use for seismological applications are of linear geometry and often result in ambiguous location estimation. Here, we show that time-domain beamforming and phase arrival-time difference, applied to many short DAS subarrays, can produce robust evaluations of source locations. The aggregation of beams and phase arrival times from many segments along the fiber constrains the epicenter location. We demonstrate the method using two local small-size earthquakes recorded on a 66 km fiber. We further show the method’s applicability for real-time EEW.
Morphological spectrum of soft tissue tumours: experience of a cancer institute
Authors: Deka Muktanjalee , Phukan Neeharika , Das Bhabesh Kumar , Sharma Jagannath Dev , Goswami Smriti , Bharadwaj Barasha Sarma , Beso Adahra Patricia , Kalita Lachit , Mahanta Nandakanta , Kalita Upasana 
Published: February 2025

Background: Soft tissue tumours are defined as mesenchymal proliferations that occur in the extra skeletal nonepithelial tissues of the body, excluding viscera, brain coverings and lymphoreticular system. This study was undertaken the spectrum of soft tissue tumours in State Cancer Institute, Assam.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study undertaken in the Department of Oncopathology, State Cancer Institute, Guwahati from January, 2021 to June, 2024. All cases of soft tissue tumours, biopsy, excised specimen and review cases were included in the study. Inadequate biopsy, non-mesenchymal and bone tumours were excluded.
Results: The overall prevalence of soft tissue tumours was 1.1% (104/9575). 46.15% cases were males while 53.85% cases were females with the male to female ratio of 1:1.17. 20.19% cases were benign, 16.35% intermediate and 63.46% malignant. Adipocytic tumours consisted of 14.42% cases, fibroblastic tumours 26.92%, vascular tumours 2.88%, perivascular tumours 0.96%, smooth muscle tumours 3.85 %, skeletal tumours 5.77%, nerve sheath tumours 18.27% and tumours of uncertain differentiation 26.92%.
Conclusions: Soft tissue tumours are rare and it is important for pathologists to identify them based on morphology, immunohistochemistry and molecular analysis for prognosis and proper management of patients.
Teaching and learning developmental anatomy: exploring google classroom engagement through preferred usage, behavioural intentions, and actual practices
Authors: Ramakrishna Roopashree 
Published: February 2025

Background: In the 21st century researchers, trainers and teachers have begun to design and implement variety of teaching methodologies using online technology to improve traditional face-to-face teaching. Blended learning improves student engagement. In education, blended learning environment offers the convenience of the online environment without losing face-to-face teaching, and interaction with the learners. Objectives of the study were: to compare/estimate the difference the effective learning between the traditional pedagogy blended learning activities through eLearning; and to know the perception of the blended learning experience through eLearning in using google classroom site.
Methods: Regular classroom was used for traditional lecture and digital library for blended learning for the 1st MBBS students.
Results: In our study we found digital learning did improve students test score significantly. Students found blended learning helpful for learning the topics chosen in embryology. About 95% of the students strongly agreed to the fact that blended learning in digital library is conducive for learning the developmental anatomy.
Conclusions: During the study we found that blended learning environment is effective in teaching-learning embryology on students in terms of impact on learning and their perceived satisfaction. In the current study suggest that both preferred easy to use and preferred use positively affect the behavioral intention by undergraduates’ students who perceive the use of Google classrooms as easy and useful, and they are highly motivated toward the incorporation of such pedagogical tools in their learning process of developmental anatomy.
Impact of bedbug’s infestation on use of mosquito nets in malaria control in Matayos, Busia, Kenya
Authors: Chebii Kiptanui , Injera Wilfred E. , Juma Kelvin K. , Odiwuor Collins A. , Ogombo Concilia 
Published: February 2025

Background: Malaria is a significant public health problem in Kenya with more than 70% of its population at risk. The Kenya government has prioritized the provision of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) and insecticide treated nets (ITNS) in prevention of malaria. However; communities in Matayos, Busia County have shown reluctance in using them, that they harbor bed bugs. This study aims to establish the impact of bedbugs on use of mosquito nets in malaria control.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out at Murende community unit, Matayos, Busia Kenya. A questionnaire was used to collect data. Data analysis was done using SPSS; descriptive statistics were summarized as frequencies and proportions. Chi square was done to measure associations between variables.
Results: 77 (respondents) were included in the study. Majority (65%) were females (85%) reported having mosquito nets whereas 15% did not have mosquito nets. Of the 85% with mosquito nets, 78% use them while 22% do not use them. 79% of those who don’t use mosquito nets claimed that mosquito nets harbored bedbugs. There is association between presence of bed bugs and use of mosquito nets (p=0.001), there is association between the level of education and presence of beg bugs (p=0.001)
Conclusions: Bedbug infestation is a barrier to consistent and persistent utilization of mosquito nets and has discouraged a bigger population from using them. Concerted effort towards the control of bedbugs has to be made if collateral benefit in malaria control by use of LLINs is to be achieved.
Screening studies of the psychotropic activity of regulatory peptides under conditions of thyroid hyperfunction
Authors: Sergalieva M. U. , Tsibizova A. A. , Samotrueva M. A. , Andreeva L. A. , Myasoedov N. F. 
Published: February 2025

The work is devoted to the screening study of the psychotropic activity of regulatory peptides of a number of glyprolins and melanocortins in conditions of thyroid hyperfunction. Material and methods. The study was carried out on male rats divided into groups: I – intact rats (control); II – individuals with experimental hyperthyroidism; III, IV, V, VI, VII and VIII – animals with induced hyperthyroidism receiving Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro, ACTH(4-7)-Pro-Gly-Pro, ACTH(6-9)-Pro-Gly-Pro, Pro-Gly-Pro, Pro-Gly-Pro-Leu, Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro, Pro-Gly-Pro-Val and Met-Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro, respectively. The behavioural activity of rodents was studied using the «Open Field» test. Results and its discussion. It was found that in the group of rats with induced hyperthyroidism there was an increase in chaotic, disorderly motor activity against the background of a decrease in orienteering and exploratory (crossing the centre, examination of burrows) and an increase in the level of anxiety (defecation, grooming, freezing). The investigated melanocortin and glyproline compounds against the background of thyroid dysfunction had to a greater or lesser extent a corrective effect on the behavioural status of laboratory animals. Conclusions. The results of the screening study of psychotropic activity of glyproline and melanocortin peptides under conditions of thyroid hyperfunction testify to the fact that that the compounds Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro and Met-Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro show the most pronounced effect on behavioural parameters in the «Open Field» test at intraperitoneal administration at doses of 87 and 88 µg/kg/day equal to 1/10 of their molecular weight.