bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anionic redox reaction in layered NaCr2/3Ti1/3S2 through electron holes formation and dimerization of S–S
Authors: Wang Tian , Ren Guo-Xi , Shadike Zulipiya , Yue Ji-Li , Cao Ming-Hui , Zhang Jie-Nan , Chen Ming-Wei , Yang Xiao-Qing , Bak Seong-Min , Northrup Paul , Liu Pan , Liu Xiao-Song , Fu Zheng-Wen 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe use of anion redox reactions is gaining interest for increasing rechargeable capacities in alkaline ion batteries. Although anion redox coupling of S2− and (S2)2− through dimerization of S–S in sulfides have been studied and reported, an anion redox process through electron hole formation has not been investigated to the best of our knowledge. Here, we report an O3-NaCr2/3Ti1/3S2 cathode that delivers a high reversible capacity of ~186 mAh g−1 (0.95 Na) based on the cation and anion redox process. Various charge compensation mechanisms of the sulfur anionic redox process in layered NaCr2/3Ti1/3S2, which occur through the formation of disulfide-like species, the precipitation of elemental sulfur, S–S dimerization, and especially through the formation of electron holes, are investigated. Direct structural evidence for formation of electron holes and (S2)n− species with shortened S–S distances is obtained. These results provide valuable information for the development of materials based on the anionic redox reaction.
Green light powered molecular state motor enabling eight-shaped unidirectional rotation
Authors: Gerwien Aaron , Mayer Peter , Dube Henry 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMolecular motors convert external energy into directional motions at the nano-scales. To date unidirectional circular rotations and linear motions have been realized but more complex directional trajectories remain unexplored on the molecular level. In this work we present a molecular motor powered by green light allowing to produce an eight-shaped geometry change during its unidirectional rotation around the central molecular axis. Motor motion proceeds in four different steps, which alternate between light powered double bond isomerizations and thermal hula-twist isomerizations. The result is a fixed sequence of populating four different isomers in a fully unidirectional trajectory possessing one crossing point. This motor system opens up unexplored avenues for the construction and mechanisms of molecular machines and will therefore not only significantly expand the toolbox of responsive molecular devices but also enable very different applications in the field of miniaturized technology than currently possible.
The sequencing and de novo assembly of the Larimichthys crocea genome using PacBio and Hi-C technologies
Authors: Chen Baohua , Zhou Zhixiong , Ke Qiaozhen , Wu Yidi , Bai Huaqiang , Pu Fei , Xu Peng 
Published: October 2019

AbstractLarimichthys crocea is an endemic marine fish in East Asia that belongs to Sciaenidae in Perciformes. L. crocea has now been recognized as an “iconic” marine fish species in China because not only is it a popular food fish in China, it is a representative victim of overfishing and still provides high value fish products supported by the modern large-scale mariculture industry. Here, we report a chromosome-level reference genome of L. crocea generated by employing the PacBio single molecule sequencing technique (SMRT) and high-throughput chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) technologies. The genome sequences were assembled into 1,591 contigs with a total length of 723.86 Mb and a contig N50 length of 2.83 Mb. After chromosome-level scaffolding, 24 scaffolds were constructed with a total length of 668.67 Mb (92.48% of the total length). Genome annotation identified 23,657 protein-coding genes and 7262 ncRNAs. This highly accurate, chromosome-level reference genome of L. crocea provides an essential genome resource to support the development of genome-scale selective breeding and restocking strategies of L. crocea.
Improved de-inking of inkjet-printed paper using environmentally friendly atmospheric pressure low temperature plasma for paper recycling
Authors: Mauchauffé Rodolphe , Lee Seung Jun , Han Isaac , Kim Sang Hyeong , Moon Se Youn 
Published: October 2019

AbstractNowadays, due to environmental pollution and natural energy consumption caused by waste paper, many researches are being conducted on the reuse of printed-paper. To recycle the paper, de-inking has to be performed. In this article, in order to reduce the use of the commonly used de-inking chemicals, the effect of an atmospheric pressure helium plasma treatment on the de-inking enhancement of printed-paper is studied. Through colorimeter and UV-visible spectrometer measurements the plasma treatment is shown to speed up the de-inking. While SEM observations and FTIR measurements suggest that the paper quality is retained upon plasma treatment, the increase of surface hydrophilicity measured by water contact angle measurements, compared to non-treated paper, is believed to enhance the fiber swelling of the paper and lead to a faster ink removal.
Aquatic ecosystem health assessment of a typical sub-basin of the Liao River based on entropy weights and a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method
Authors: Chen Jiabo , Wang Yanjie , Li Fayun , Liu Zicheng 
Published: October 2019

AbstractRiver ecosystem health assessments provide the foundation for river ecological protection and integrated management. To evaluate the aquatic ecosystem health of the Fan River basin, benthic macroinvertebrate indices (the Multimeric Macroinvertebrates Index Flanders (MMIF) and Family Biotic Index (FBI)), a habitat index (the river habitat quality Index (RHQI)) and a water quality index (the Improved Water Pollution Index (IWPI)) were selected. The entropy weighting method was used to calculate the RHQI and IWPI. A fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to evaluate the aquatic ecosystem health. The evaluation results indicated that the aquatic ecosystem health of the Fan River basin was better in 2018 than in 2011, which respectively belonged to the ends of the 11th and 12th Five-Year Plans of the Major Science and Technology Programs for Water Pollution Control and Treatment in China. The proportions of sampling stations with good, moderate and poor grades in 2011 were 50.0%, 40.0% and 10.0%, respectively, and in 2018, the proportions of stations with excellent, good and moderate grades were 20.0%, 50.0% and 30.0%, respectively. A correlation analysis showed that the RHQI was significantly correlated with the MMIF, FBI and IWPI. The riparian land use pattern was an important factor that influenced changes in the aquatic ecosystem health grade. Of the water quality parameters, total phosphorous (TP) and potassium bichromate index (COD) were the main factors that affected the characteristics of benthic macroinvertebrates and the aquatic ecosystem health.
Effect of Water Avoidance Stress on serum and urinary NGF levels in rats: diagnostic and therapeutic implications for BPS/IC patients
Authors: Dias Bruno , Serrão Paula , Cruz Francisco , Charrua Ana 
Published: October 2019

AbstractNerve growth factor (NGF) is thought to play a key role in chronic pain felt by bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis (BPS/IC) patients by activating its high affinity receptor tropomyosin-related kinase subtype A (Trk A). Whether this pathway is also involved in the aggravation of pain sensation during stress events was here investigated. The levels of plasmatic NGF were increased in rats submitted to Water Avoidance Stress test (WAS), compared to controls. The administration of the alpha1A adrenoceptors blocker silodosin prevented the increase of plasmatic NGF. Urinary NGF levels were also moderately increased in animals submitted to WAS. WAS increased pain behaviour score, lowered abdominal mechanical pain threshold and increase voiding bladder reflex activity. These changes were prevented by the administration of TrkA antagonist GW441756. These findings prompt the use of plasmatic NGF as diagnosis tool for chronic visceral painful conditions and opens therapeutic opportunities for TrkA receptors antagonist/NGF sequestration.
Overexpressing the HD-Zip class II transcription factor EcHB1 from Eucalyptus camaldulensis increased the leaf photosynthesis and drought tolerance of Eucalyptus
Authors: Sasaki Keisuke , Ida Yuuki , Kitajima Sakihito , Kawazu Tetsu , Hibino Takashi , Hanba Yuko T. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAlteration in the leaf mesophyll anatomy by genetic modification is potentially a promising tool for improving the physiological functions of trees by improving leaf photosynthesis. Homeodomain leucine zipper (HD-Zip) transcription factors are candidates for anatomical alterations of leaves through modification of cell multiplication, differentiation, and expansion. Full-length cDNA encoding a Eucalyptus camaldulensis HD-Zip class II transcription factor (EcHB1) was over-expressed in vivo in the hybrid Eucalyptus GUT5 generated from Eucalyptus grandis and Eucalyptus urophylla. Overexpression of EcHB1 induced significant modification in the mesophyll anatomy of Eucalyptus with enhancements in the number of cells and chloroplasts on a leaf-area basis. The leaf-area-based photosynthesis of Eucalyptus was improved in the EcHB1-overexpression lines, which was due to both enhanced CO2 diffusion into chloroplasts and increased photosynthetic biochemical functions through increased number of chloroplasts per unit leaf area. Additionally, overexpression of EcHB1 suppressed defoliation and thus improved the growth of Eucalyptus trees under drought stress, which was a result of reduced water loss from trees due to the reduction in leaf area with no changes in stomatal morphology. These results gave us new insights into the role of the HD-Zip II gene.
Reducing EphA4 before disease onset does not affect survival in a mouse model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Rué Laura , Timmers Mieke , Lenaerts Annette , Smolders Silke , Poppe Lindsay , de Boer Antina , Van Den Bosch Ludo , Van Damme Philip , Robberecht Wim , Lemmens Robin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease that affects motor neurons resulting in severe neurological symptoms. Previous findings of our lab suggested that the axonal guidance tyrosine-kinase receptor EphA4 is an ALS disease-modifying gene. Reduction of EphA4 from developmental stages onwards rescued a motor neuron phenotype in zebrafish, and heterozygous deletion before birth in the SOD1G93Amouse model of ALS resulted in improved survival. Here, we aimed to gain more insights in the cell-specific role of decreasing EphA4 expression in addition to timing and amount of EphA4 reduction. To evaluate the therapeutic potential of lowering EphA4 later in life, we ubiquitously reduced EphA4 levels to 50% in SOD1G93Amice at 60 days of age, which did not modify disease parameters. Even further lowering EphA4 levels ubiquitously or in neurons, did not improve disease onset or survival. These findings suggest that lowering EphA4 as target in ALS may suffer from a complex therapeutic time window. In addition, the complexity of the Eph-ephrin signalling system may also possibly limit the therapeutic potential of such an approach in ALS. We suggest here that a specific EphA4 knockdown in adulthood may have a limited therapeutic potential for ALS.
The effect of high glucose on lipid metabolism in the human placenta
Authors: Hulme Charlotte H. , Nicolaou Anna , Murphy Sharon A. , Heazell Alexander E. P. , Myers Jenny E. , Westwood Melissa 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDiabetes mellitus (DM) during pregnancy can result in fetal overgrowth, likely due to placental dysfunction, which has health consequences for the infant. Here we test our prediction from previous work using a placental cell line that high glucose concentrations affect placental lipid metabolism. Placentas from women with type 1 (n = 13), type 2 (n = 6) or gestational (n = 12) DM, BMI-matched to mothers without DM (n = 18), were analysed for lipase and fatty acid transport proteins and fatty acid and triglyceride content. Explants from uncomplicated pregnancies (n = 6) cultured in physiological or high glucose were similarly analysed. High glucose levels did not alter placental lipase or transporter expression or the profile and abundance of fatty acids, but triglyceride levels were higher (p < 0.05), suggesting reduced β- oxidation. DM did not affect placental protein expression or fatty acid profile. Triglyceride levels of placentas from mothers with pre-existing DM were similar to controls, but higher in obese women with gestational DM. Maternal hyperglycemia may not affect placental fatty acid uptake and transport. However, placental β-oxidation is affected by high glucose and reduced in a subset of women with DM. Abnormal placental lipid metabolism could contribute to increased maternal-fetal lipid transfer and excess fetal growth in some DM pregnancies.
The difference in cortical activation pattern for complex motor skills: A functional near- infrared spectroscopy study
Authors: Lee Seung Hyun , Jin Sang Hyeon , An Jinung 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe human brain is lateralized to dominant or non-dominant hemispheres, and controlled through large-scale neural networks between correlated cortical regions. Recently, many neuroimaging studies have been conducted to examine the origin of brain lateralization, but this is still unclear. In this study, we examined the differences in brain activation in subjects according to dominant and non-dominant hands while using chopsticks. Fifteen healthy right-handed subjects were recruited to perform tasks which included transferring almonds using stainless steel chopsticks. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to acquire the hemodynamic response over the primary sensory-motor cortex (SM1), premotor area (PMC), supplementary motor area (SMA), and frontal cortex. We measured the concentrations of oxy-hemoglobin and deoxy-hemoglobin induced during the use of chopsticks with dominant and non-dominant hands. While using the dominant hand, brain activation was observed on the contralateral side. While using the non-dominant hand, brain activation was observed on the ipsilateral side as well as the contralateral side. These results demonstrate dominance and functional asymmetry of the cerebral hemisphere.
The Human Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 2 Ion Channel Modulates ROS Through Nrf2
Authors: Bao Lei , Festa Fernanda , Freet Christopher S. , Lee John P. , Hirschler-Laszkiewicz Iwona M. , Chen Shu-jen , Keefer Kerry A. , Wang Hong-Gang , Patterson Andrew D. , Cheung Joseph Y. , Miller Barbara A. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTransient receptor potential melastatin channel subfamily member 2 (TRPM2) has an essential role in protecting cell viability through modulation of oxidative stress. TRPM2 is highly expressed in cancer. When TRPM2 is inhibited, mitochondria are dysfunctional, ROS levels are increased, and cell viability is reduced. Here, the importance of NF-E2-related factor (Nrf2) in TRPM2-mediated suppression of oxidant stress was explored. In TRPM2 depleted cells, antioxidant cofactors glutathione, NADPH, and NADH were significantly reduced. Cytoplasmic and nuclear expression of Nrf2 and of IQGAP1, a modulator of Nrf2 stability regulated by intracellular calcium, were decreased. Antioxidant enzymes transcriptionally regulated by Nrf2 and involved in GSH, NADPH, and NADH generation were significantly lower including PRX1 and PRX3, GPX4, GSTP1, GCLC, and MTHFD2. The glutamine pathway leading to GSH production was suppressed, and ATP and GTP levels were impaired. Reconstitution with wild type TRPM2 or Nrf2, but not TRPM2 pore mutant E960D, rescued expression of enzymes downstream of Nrf2 and restored GSH and GTP. Cell viability, ROS, NADPH, NADH, and ATP levels were fully rescued by TRPM2 and partially by Nrf2. These data show that TRPM2 maintains cell survival following oxidative stress through modulation of antioxidant pathways and cofactors regulated by Nrf2.
Assessment of seasonal variation of diet composition in rodents using DNA barcoding and Real-Time PCR
Authors: Dell’Agnello Filippo , Natali Chiara , Bertolino Sandro , Fattorini Lorenzo , Fedele Ettore , Foggi Bruno , Martini Matilde , Pisani Caterina , Riga Francesco , Sgarlata Antonio , Ciofi Claudio , Zaccaroni Marco 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe study of animal diet and feeding behaviour is a fundamental tool for the illustration of the ecological role of species in the ecosystem. However, size and quality of food intake samples make it hard for researchers to describe the diet composition of many small species. In our study, we exploited genomic tools for the analysis of the diet composition of the Savi’s pine vole (Microtus savii) using DNA barcoding and qPCR techniques for the identification of ingested plant species retrieved from stomach contents. In contrast with previous studies, we found that, despite being a fossorial species, the Savi’s pine vole is a selective feeder that undergoes intense superficial activity in search for food. In addition, our study shows that with a a priori knowledge of the candidate plant species included in animal diet, qPCR is a powerful tool to assess presence/absence, frequency of occurrence and electivity of ingested species. We conclude that this approach offers new opportunities to implement the analysis of food selection in small animals, thereby revealing a detailed picture of plant-animal interactions.
Soluble immune markers in the different phases of chronic hepatitis B virus infection
Authors: Wiegand Steffen B. , Beggel Bastian , Wranke Anika , Aliabadi Elmira , Jaroszewicz Jerzy , Xu Cheng-Jian , Li Yang , Manns Michael P. , Lengauer Thomas , Wedemeyer Heiner , Kraft Anke R. M. , Falk Christine S. , Cornberg Markus 
Published: October 2019

AbstractChronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection may follow four different consecutive phases, which are defined by virology as well as biochemical markers and differ in terms of prognosis and need for antiviral treatment. Currently, host responses reflected by immune markers are not considered in this definition. We aimed to study soluble immune markers and their distribution in different phases of chronic HBV infection. In this cross-sectional retrospective study, we investigated a panel of 14 soluble immune markers (SIM) including CXCL10 in 333 patients with chronic HBV infection. In a small cohort of HBeAg positive patients we analyzed SIM before and after HBeAg seroconversion and compared seroconverters to patients with unknown outcome. Significant differences were documented in the levels of several SIM between the four phases of chronic HBV infection. The most pronounced difference among all investigated SIM was observed for CXCL10 concentrations with highest levels in patients with hepatitis. TGF-β and IL-17 revealed different levels between HBeAg negative patients. HBeAg positive patients with HBeAg seroconversion presented higher amounts of IL-12 before seroconversion compared to HBeAg positive patients with unknown follow up. SIM such as CXCL10 but also IL-12, TGF-β and IL-17 may be useful markers to further characterize the phase of chronic HBV infection.
Overall outcomes of laparoscopic-assisted ERCP after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sphincter of Oddi dysfunction subgroup analysis
Authors: May David , Vogels Ellen , Parker David , Petrick Anthony , Diehl David , Gabrielsen Jon 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims Biliary access following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) anatomy presents a significant challenge. Long-term outcomes of laparoscopic-assisted trans-gastric ERCP (LA-ERCP) including sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (SOD) subtypes have not been thoroughly examined. Our study aims to present our overall outcomes of trans-gastric LAERCP and examine a significant subgroup of patients with SOD after RYGB.
Patients and methods A retrospective review of RYGB patients who underwent LA-ERCP between 2009 and 2016 identified 51 patients. A subgroup of 22 patients with SOD were examined and contacted by phone survey to determine long-term symptom resolution.
Results Post-procedure length of stay was 1.9 days (SD 3.0). There was one conversion from laparoscopic to open procedure. Selective cannulation rate was 100 %. Mean follow-up was 14.6 months. There were two major operative complications, two major ERCP-related complications, and five wound infections (9.8 %). No deaths or episodes of pancreatitis occurred. Seventeen patients had biliary SOD (Type I = 9, Type II = 8). The remaining four had pancreatic SOD (Type I = 1, Type II = 4). SOD subgroup follow-up was 21.4 months (SD 18.1). All patients with Type I biliary and 75 % with Type I pancreatic SOD reported complete resolution of their symptoms.
Conclusions Consistent with other published series, LA-ERCP yields excellent cannulation rates after RYGB. Successful treatment of pancreatic and Type 1 biliary SOD suggests that there is significant symptomatic benefit to treating this patient population. However, an overall complication rate of approximately 15 % with LAERCP leaves open the possibility for improvements in access techniques in post-RYGB patients.
A prospective randomized study of colonoscopy using blue laser imaging and white light imaging in detection and differentiation of colonic polyps
Authors: Ang Tiing Leong , Li James Weiquan , Wong Yu Jen , Tan Yi-Lyn Jessica , Fock Kwong Ming , Tan Malcolm Teck Kiang , Kwek Andrew Boon Eu , Teo Eng Kiong , Ang Daphne Shih-Wen , Wang Lai Mun 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims Published data on blue laser imaging (BLI) for detection and differentiation of colonic polyps are limited compared to narrow band imaging (NBI). This study investigated whether BLI can increase the detection rate of colonic polyps and adenomas when compared to white light imaging (WLI), and examined use of NICE (NBI International Colorectal Endoscopic) and JNET (Japan NBI Expert Team) classifications with BLI.
Patients and methods Patients aged 50 years and above referred for colonoscopy were randomized to BLI or WLI on withdrawal. Detected polyps were characterized using NICE and JNET classifications under BLI mode and correlated with histology. Primary outcome was adenoma detection rate. Secondary outcomes were utility of NICE and JNET classifications to predict histology using BLI.
Results A total of 182 patients were randomized to BLI (92) or WLI (90). Comparing BLI with WLI, the polyp detection rate was 59.8 % vs 40.0 %, P = 0.008, and the adenoma detection rate was 46.2 % vs 27.8 %, P = 0.010. NICE 1 and JNET 1 diagnosed hyperplastic polyps with sensitivity of 87.18 % and specificity of 84.35 %. NICE 2 diagnosed low- (LGD) or high-grade dysplasia (HGD) with sensitivity of 92.31 % and specificity of 77.45 %. JNET 2A diagnosed LGD with sensitivity of 91.95 %, and specificity of 74.53 %. Four cases of focal HGD all had JNET 2A morphology.
Conclusion BLI increased adenoma detection rate compared to WLI. NICE and JNET classifications can be applied when using BLI for endoscopic diagnosis of HP and LGD but histological confirmation remains crucial.
Rekonstruktion der brandverletzten Hand
Authors: Plock Jan , Calcagni Maurizio 
Published: October 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Rekonstruktion der brandverletzten Hand erfordert detailliertes Spezialwissen
und chirurgisch-technische Fertigkeiten, um durch vorausschauende Planung ein
optimales Therapiekonzept aufstellen und ein optimales funktionelles Resultat
erreichen zu können. Der Einsatz eines breiten auf die Bedürfnisse der Situation
und der Patienten abgestimmten Armamentariums der plastischen Chirurgie und
Handchirurgie trägt dabei wesentlich zum Erfolg bei.In dieser Übersicht gehen wir auf grundlegende Prinzipien, den zeitlichen Ablauf
der Rekonstruktion, die Einteilung der Deformitäten und entsprechende
Korrekturmöglichkeiten ein.