bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disease course patterns in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Tselios K. , Gladman D.D. , Touma Z. , Su J. , Anderson N. , Urowitz M.B. 
Published: December 2018

Background Disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus follows three different courses: long quiescent, relapsing remitting and persistently active. However, the patterns of disease course since diagnosis are not known. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and characteristics of such patterns over 10 years. Patients and methods The inception cohort of the Toronto Lupus Clinic (≥10 year follow up, between visit interval ≤18 months) was investigated. Prolonged remission was defined as a clinical Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 = 0 achieved within 5 years of enrolment and maintained for ≥10 years. The relapsing-remitting pattern was defined based on ≥2 remission periods (clinical Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 = 0 for two consecutive visits). Patients with no remission were categorized as persistently active. Groups were compared for baseline characteristics, cumulative damage, flare rate, mortality and certain co-morbidities. Results Of 267 patients, 27 (10.1%) achieved prolonged remission, 180 (67.4%) relapsing-remitting and 25 (9.4%) persistently active. In total, 35 (13.1%) had only one remission period (hybrid). At enrollment, there were no differences regarding clinical and immunological variables. At 10 years, persistently active patients had accumulated significantly more damage than the prolonged remission and relapsing-remitting patients. Being of Black race and higher adjusted mean Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 over the first 2 years were associated with a more severe disease course. Relapsing-remitting and persistently active patients had an increased flare rate and accrued more osteoporosis, osteonecrosis and cardiovascular events. Conclusions Approximately 70% of systemic lupus erythematosus patients followed a relapsing-remitting course, whereas 10% displayed prolonged remission and another 10% a persistently active course. Early response to treatment was associated with a less severe course and better prognosis.
Non-pharmacological interventions for people with dementia: A review of reviews
Authors: Meyer Claudia , O’Keefe Fleur 
Published: December 2018

Objective Aged care services increasingly respond to the needs of people with dementia. Non-pharmacological approaches are preferable to reduce responsive behaviours, improve/maintain functional capacity and reduce emotional disorders. This rapid review of systematic reviews aimed to consolidate the evidence for non-pharmacological interventions and determine outcome effectiveness. Methods Systematic review literature was comprehensively searched for non-pharmacological interventions for dementia in residential care. Quality ratings used adapted GRADE methodology, and ease of implementation assessed. Results Of 629 abstracts screened, 81 full-text articles were retrieved, 38 articles included. The strongest evidence for reducing responsive behaviours was music, sensory stimulation, simulated presence and validation therapies. Exercise and light therapy improved/maintained activities of daily living, while cognitive stimulation and reminiscence improved cognition. Strongest evidence for reducing emotional disorders was music, psychological interventions and reminiscence. Conclusion Much evidence of varying quality exists, with resource-constrained residential care providers now able to make evidence-based decisions about non-pharmacological interventions.
Investing in human capital: exploring causes, consequences and solutions to nurses’ dissatisfaction
Authors: Halder Neel 
Published: December 2018

Background Human capital (employees) is the most important asset for healthcare. However, nurses experience some of the highest rates of burnout and dissatisfaction. In 2017, the Nursing and Midwifery Council reported that, for the first time since 2008, more nurses and midwives are leaving the profession in the UK than joining it. Aims The aim of this paper is to explore the literature regarding the importance of human capital within healthcare sectors in the UK, with a particular focus on nurses and job satisfaction. Methods A literature review was conducted with the focus on the aim, as stated above. Findings and conclusions have been summarised. Potential causes, consequences and solutions to job dissatisfaction are explored. Results Factors related to job satisfaction include pay, respect, security, workload, recognition, responsibility, environment, autonomy, personal growth, administrative bureaucracy and caseload. Investing and promoting ‘organisational compassion’ could be a key part of the solution. Conclusions More research using the same validated tools for measuring job satisfaction will help with consistency and comparability across hospitals. It is hoped this could provide information aiding recruitment and retention, which is a problem within both the NHS and independent sectors.
Utilization and Validity of the Dental Diagnostic System over Time in Academic and Private Practice
Authors: Yansane A. , Tokede O. , White J. , Etolue J. , McClellan L. , Walji M. , Obadan-Udoh E. , Kalenderian E. 
Published: December 2018

Introduction: To fill the void created by insufficient dental terminologies, a multi-institutional workgroup was formed among members of the Consortium for Oral Health Research and Informatics to develop the Dental Diagnostic System (DDS) in 2009. The adoption of dental diagnosis terminologies by providers must be accompanied by rigorous usability and validity assessments to ensure their effectiveness in practice. Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to describe the utilization and correct use of the DDS over a 4-y period. Methods: Electronic health record data were amassed from 2013 to 2016 where diagnostic terms and Current Dental Terminology procedure code pairs were adjudicated by calibrated dentists. With the resultant data, we report on the 4-y utilization and validity of the DDS at 5 dental institutions. Utilization refers to the proportion of instances that diagnoses are documented in a structured format, and validity is defined as the frequency of valid pairs divided by the number of all treatment codes entered. Results: Nearly 10 million procedures ( n = 9,946,975) were documented at the 5 participating institutions between 2013 and 2016. There was a 1.5-fold increase in the number of unique diagnoses documented during the 4-y period. The utilization and validity proportions of the DDS had statistically significant increases from 2013 to 2016 ( P < 0.0001). Academic dental sites were more likely to document diagnoses associated with orthodontic and restorative procedures, while the private dental site was equally likely to document diagnoses associated with all procedures. Overall, the private dental site had significantly higher utilization and validity proportions than the academic dental sites. Conclusion: The results demonstrate an improvement in utilization and validity of the DDS terminology over time. These findings also yield insight into the factors that influence the usability, adoption, and validity of dental terminologies, raising the need for more focused training of dental students. Knowledge Transfer Statement: Ensuring that providers use standardized methods for documentation of diagnoses represents a challenge within dentistry. The results of this study can be used by clinicians when evaluating the utility of diagnostic terminologies embedded within the electronic health record.
Physical Activity from Childhood to Adulthood and Cognitive Performance in Midlife
Authors: HAKALA JUUSO O. , ROVIO SUVI P. , PAHKALA KATJA , NEVALAINEN JAAKKO , JUONALA MARKUS , HUTRI-KÄHÖNEN NINA , HEINONEN OLLI J. , HIRVENSALO MIRJA , TELAMA RISTO , VIIKARI JORMA S. A. , TAMMELIN TUIJA H. , RAITAKARI OLLI T. 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Physical activity (PA) has been suggested to protect against old-age cognitive deficits. However, the independent role of childhood/youth PA for adulthood cognitive performance is unknown. This study investigated the association between PA from childhood to adulthood and midlife cognitive performance.

Methods
This study is a part of the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. Since 1980, a population-based cohort of 3596 children (age, 3–18 yr) have been followed up in 3- to 9-yr intervals. PA has been queried in all study phases. Cumulative PA was determined in childhood (age, 6–12 yr), adolescence (age, 12–18 yr), young adulthood (age, 18–24 yr), and adulthood (age, 24–37 yr). Cognitive performance was assessed using computerized neuropsychological test, CANTAB® (N = 2026; age, 34–49 yr) in 2011.

Results
High PA in childhood (β = 0.119; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.055–0.182) and adolescence (β = 0.125; 95% CI, 0.063–0.188) were associated with better reaction time in midlife independent of PA in other age frames. Additionally, an independent association of high PA in young adulthood with better visual processing and sustained attention in midlife was observed among men (β = 0.101; 95% CI, 0.001–0.200). There were no associations for other cognitive domains.

Conclusions
Cumulative exposure to PA from childhood to adulthood was found to be associated with better midlife reaction time. Furthermore, cumulative PA exposure in young adulthood and adulthood was associated with better visual processing and sustained attention in men. All associations were independent of participants PA level in other measured age frames. Therefore, a physically active lifestyle should be adopted already in childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood and continued into midlife to ensure the plausible benefits of PA on midlife cognitive performance.
Acute High-Intensity Interval Exercise in Multiple Sclerosis with Mobility Disability
Authors: HUBBARD ELIZABETH A. , MOTL ROBERT W. , FERNHALL BO 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated, neurological disease that results in physiological deconditioning with increasing disability. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) exercise has induced significant improvements in physiological conditioning in healthy and clinical populations and might be appropriate for persons with MS who have mobility disability. The feasibility and acute effects of HIIT using recumbent stepping in persons with MS who have mobility disability are relatively unknown.

Methods
The physiological effects of single sessions of HIIT and continuous (CON), steady-state aerobic exercise using recumbent stepping were compared in 20 persons with MS with mobility disability (i.e., Expanded Disability Status Scale of 4.0–6.5). The HIIT bout included 10 cycles of 1-min intervals at the work rate associated with 90% peak aerobic capacity (V˙O2peak) followed by 1-min recovery intervals at 15 W, totaling 20 min in length. The CON bout consisted of 20 min at the work rate associated with 50% to 60% V˙O2peak. Physiological (i.e., power output, oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide expiration, respiratory exchange ratio, ventilation, HR, and core temperature) and perceptual (i.e., ratings of perceived exertion) measures were collected across the acute sessions.

Results
There were statistically significant condition–time interactions for all physiological measures and ratings of perceived exertion expressing differential patterns of change over time for HIIT versus CON (P < 0.05). The main effect of condition was significant for all physiological outcomes, except core temperature, with the HIIT condition inducing significantly higher values than CON (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
High-intensity interval training exercise taxes the cardiorespiratory system significantly more than CON, yet without deleterious effects on core temperature in persons with MS. This has important implications for informing an evidence-based exercise prescription that is appropriate for improving physiological conditioning in persons with MS who have mobility disabilities.
Acceleration of Laboratory Rats: Synthetic Study of Data for the Century in the Aspect of Possible Relationship with Radiosensitivity
Authors: Котеров А. , Koterov A. , Ушенкова Л. , Ushenkova L. , Зубенкова Э. , Zubenkova E. , Вайнсон А. , Vaynson A. , Андрианова И. , Andrianova I. , Лукьянова С. , Luk'yanova S. , Лягинская А. , Lyaginskaya A. , Мальцев В. , Maltsev V. , Ильин Л. , Il'in L. , Самойлов А. , Samoylov A. , Уйба В. , Uyba V. 
Published: December 2018

Purpose: A synthetic study of published data on the growth and development of laboratory rats (albino random-bred, Wistar and Long–Evans) depending on the period of their breeding since 1906 was carried out. Material and methods: Data for the dynamics of growth and age periods of rats were used for calculations and general analysis. Results: Acceleration in terms of age–weight indices for strain animals was found: in conditions of complete diets ad libitum the contemporary rats grew several times faster than the bred ones of 1906–1932. For random-bred rats only the tendency to acceleration was obtained. For more than a century, the Wistar males showed an inverse linear correlation between the breeding year and the age (in weeks) at the of the onset of puberty period (according to the Spearman test: r = –0.952; p = 0.00026; Pearson’s criterion: r = –0.950, p = 0.0003). There was also a direct correlation between the body mass of rats at the time of puberty onset and the year of their breeding (according to the Spearman test: r = 0.975; p = 0.005; Pearson criterion: r = 0.927; p = 0.023). The possible reasons for the acceleration of laboratory growth of rats, which are unlikely to be analogous to the factors presumably causing the known ‘growth acceleration’ in humans (changes in natural and artificial lighting, the effect of heterosis, improvement of socio-hygienic conditions, the growth of information flow, warming of the climate, change in the geomagnetic or radiation background, etc.) were discussed. Apparently, in addition to the probability of special and/or subconscious selection during century, the stimulation of rat acceleration may be explained by the ‘increase in living space and resources’ due to improved standards for keeping animals in the modern period (fewer animals in the cage or even an individual cage). In random-bred animals such standards can be apply for economic reasons to a lesser extent. Conclusions: It is concluded that the physiological, anatomical, possibly behavioral and other standards and patterns for strain rats, including, possibly, its radiosensitivity, published even 30 years ago, and especially more than 50 years ago, should be cautiously transferred to the animals grown under present-day conditions.
Simulation Approach in Forecasting Radioactive Situation in Case of Forest Fires in Radioactive Contaminated Zones
Authors: Береснева Е. , Beresneva E , Галушкин Б. , Galushkin B. , Горбунов С. , Gorbunov S. , Клочков В. , Klochkov V. , Рубцов В. , Rubcov V. , Молоканов А. , Molokanov A. 
Published: December 2018

Purpose: The accident at the Chernobyl NPP caused radioactive contamination of large areas, including forestry. For the last decades forest fires in the RF tend to increase and, more alarmingly, their burnt-out area significantly expands. So, the risk of large-scale forest fires in the area of radioactive contamination increases. Effectiveness of the measures for radiation protection of population and personnel involved in fire response is directly related to existence of valid methods of radiation situation prognostication. The work is aimed to develop a method of prognostication of radiation situation at forest fire in the area of radioactive contamination, taking into account random nature of atmospheric turbulence and a convective column over the body of fire, and to estimate validity of this method.
Material and methods: Methods of simulation modeling of mass transfer processes in the atmosphere (method of Bird) based on the molecular-kinetic theory and gas-dynamic theory were used when developing the prognostication method.
Results: The simulation model of formation, spreading and fall-out of radioactive cloud taking into account random nature of atmospheric turbulence and presence of a convective column over the body of fire has been developed; the method of prognostication of radiation situation at forest fire in the area of radioactive contamination has been developed and verified based on data of European experiment E1. The relative error of received values in the control points of radiation situation parameters based on data of experiment E1 did not exceed 0.25.
Conclusion: Use of modified method of Bird allowed developing 3D dynamic model of spreading of radioactive impurity into atmosphere at convective rising by heated air flow from underlying surface. This model takes into account random nature of atmospheric turbulence and presence of a convective column over the body of fire which significantly increases accuracy of the method of radiation situation prognostication.
Examining the benefits of paramedic engagement for the novice researcher
Authors: Coppola Alison 
Published: December 2018

Background: Paramedics new to research need to know how to optimise the quality of proposed research studies. A prehospital mixed-methods study design required guidance, not only from an academic perspective but also from experts within paramedicine. Paramedic engagement was defined as an exercise where paramedic researchers and paramedic clinical academics could be involved as advisory professionals. Aim: The aim of this paramedic engagement was the revision of a proposed research design on how senior clinical advisers determine futility in pulseless electrical activity in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Method: Five research paramedics and four clinical academics were interviewed by email using semi-structured questions. A generic qualitative inquiry with inductive content analysis was applied. Results: Paramedic engagement identified five themes: rewording the proposed study title; acknowledging that paramedics withdrew resuscitation; the implications of prolonged futile resuscitation; the need for autonomous paramedic decision-making; and improving research methodology. Conclusions: Professional paramedic engagement meant a number of complexities were identified within prehospital research and and pragmatic solutions were provided to the limitations in the proposed design. Novice researchers within paramedicine would benefit from early paramedic engagement to facilitate the design of research studies, provide guidance on methodology and identify limitations to improve the overall quality of prehospital research proposals.
Living Statuary in American Physical Education: Greek Revivalism at Springfield College
Authors: Sydnor Synthia 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This article studies living statuary, a Greek revivalism form of tableau vivant that was performed at Springfield College and other physical education programmes from the 1930s. American physical education curated ‘ancient’ Greece through living statuary, yet rarely reflected on the socio-historical context of their preference for ‘antiquity’. The article argues that living statuary serve as normative discourses for the institutions to which they are attached and concludes by suggesting that living statuary rituals be reinvigorated to represent innovative inclusive understandings of ‘fitness’ and ‘beauty’. Cultural interpretive theory and historical-archival methodology ground the research; the work contributes to curatorial studies, physical education history, and reception studies.
Monitoring the Scientist’s Body: The Biosphere 2 Human Exhibition
Authors: Jones Janna , Beasley Dana 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This article investigates the ideological and rhetorical consequences of exhibiting the scientist’s body during the 1991–93 Biosphere 2 mission. The facility’s presentation of a technological future was overshadowed by the inability of the Biospherians to thrive within the confines of Biosphere 2, made known to the public via intrusive and unconventional methods of observation. Despite the dome’s popularity, and the previous successes of similarly focused exhibits of science and technology, the inclusion of the Biospherians as part of the exhibition obscured the intended ideology of progress, revealing instead a narrative of the vulnerabilities of humankind. In spite of the rhetorical failure of the 1990s mission, the 2018 Biosphere 2 has recaptured the ideology of scientific progress by removing the scientist’s body from the display and affecting a more publicly accessible research facility, thus allowing for a subsequent rebalancing of traditional power between the scientist and the public.
Museums of the Living Dead: Performance, Body and Memory at Living History Museums
Authors: Gapps Stephen 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Since the 1960s, living history museums have become a prominent feature in Australian rural and regional landscapes. Defying their critics, costumed performances at heritage sites continue to attract numerous visitors. This article traces the origins of the living history museum, from its roots in late-nineteenth-century display culture to present-day configurations in the tourist economy. Writing from the perspective of a cultural analyst who has also worked as a costumed interpreter, I consider the range of representations in historical re-enactments, the problems with and possibilities for these sites of performance, and the cultural practices of memory more broadly.
Bones of Contention: Curating the Work of nichola feldman-kiss
Authors: Gewurtz Michelle , Sinclair Catherine 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The exhibition nichola feldman-kiss: witness (2015), presented at the Ottawa Art Gallery, included between here and there (2011–15), an installation involving skeletal human remains. This reflection explores the curation of this work as a case study in the premise that exhibitions can be active agents in the construction of knowledge pertaining to polarizing issues of social justice, while balancing the curatorial role as caretaker of objects. It charts the development of the project in relation to the artist’s wider practice, and the curatorial strategy of how, in light of a number of complexities, this sensitive material had to be handled with respect for object, artist and audience.
Exhibition Reviews
Authors: Doherty Shauna Jean , Galliera Izabel , Veljovic Katarina 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
VIBRAFUSIONLAB: BRIDGING PRACTICES IN ACCESSIBILITY, ART AND COMMUNICATION Curated by David Bobier, Vtape, Toronto, 13 January – 10 February 2018
MARX@200 Curated by Kathy M. Newman and Susanne Slavick, SPACE Gallery, Pittsburgh, 6 April – 10 June 2018
MIKA ROTTENBERG, COSMIC GENERATOR Skulptur Projekte Münster, Germany, 10 June – 1 October 2017
Book Reviews
Authors: Francica Cynthia , Geoghegan Chloe 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
FEMINISMO Y ARTE LATINOAMERICANO: HISTORIAS DE ARTISTAS QUE EMANCIPARON EL CUERPO, ANDREA GIUNTA Buenos Aires: Siglo XXI Editores Argentina (2018), 296 pp., Paperback, ISBN: 978-987-629-823-0, US $14.00
I CAN’T WORK LIKE THIS: A READER ON RECENT BOYCOTTS AND CONTEMPORARY ART, JOANNA WARSZA AND THE PARTICIPANTS OF THE SALZBURG INTERNATIONAL SUMMER ACADEMY OF FINE ARTS (EDS) Berlin: Sternberg Press and Salzburg International Summer Academy of Fine Arts (2017), 384 pp., Paperback, ISBN: 978-3-95679-250-2, €20.00