bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contextual factors influence the selection of specific and broad types of emotion regulation strategies
Authors: Tang Ying , Huang Yun 
Published: January 2019

An emerging focus in the emotion regulation (ER) literature is to consider the importance of context for people's ER strategy choice, given that ER responses that adapt to situational demands have been found to be highly beneficial. However, it remains unclear what (and in what way) contextual factors impact people's ER strategy selections. Also, only a limited number of ER strategies have been extensively studied and little is known about people's selection of broad ER strategy categories (we focus on covert vs. overt ER strategies based on Aldao & Dixon‐Gordon's [2014] conceptualization). In the current study, 203 participants were recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk to imagine experiencing either positive or negative emotion in various contextual settings (location: home, social, vs. professional setting × social context: alone vs. with others) and to identify from 16 ER strategies the ones that they would in general deem applicable for each context. Results showed that the aforementioned factors, in various ways, uniquely or interactively predicted the selection of specific and broad ER strategies. Furthermore, personality (neuroticism and extraversion) also influenced participants’ ER strategy selection. Overall, this study underscores the importance of including diverse strategies and considering context in the study of ER strategy choices.
Tumor necrosis factor receptor modulator spermatogenesis‐associated protein 2 is a novel predictor of outcome in ovarian cancer
Authors: Wieser Verena , Tsibulak Irina , Degasper Christine , Welponer Hannah , Leitner Katharina , Parson Walther , Zeimet Alain G. , Marth Christian , Fiegl Heidelinde 
Published: January 2019

Inflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of cancer with tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) as a key mediator. Recently, spermatogenesis‐associated protein 2 (SPATA2) was identified as a TNF receptor modulator which is required for TNF‐induced inflammation and apoptosis. The available data on TNF‐α in ovarian cancer (OC) are inconsistent, and SPATA2 is completely uncharacterized in tumorigenesis. We analyzed expression of SPATA2 and TNFA by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction in tissues of 171 patients with low‐grade serous (LGSOC), high‐grade serous (HGSOC), endometrioid and clear cell OC compared with 28 non‐malignant control tissues. We stimulated OC cells (OVCAR3) with pro‐inflammatory (TNF‐α, interleukin [IL]‐1β) and mitogenic stimuli (IL‐6, lysophosphatidic acid) to establish a direct effect between inflammatory signaling and SPATA2. Pro‐inflammatory, but not mitogenic stimuli, potently induced SPATA2 expression in OC cells. Expression of TNFA and SPATA2 was higher in OC compared with control tissues (P = 0.010 and P = 0.001, respectively) and correlated with each other (P = 0.034, rs = 0.198). When compared with grade 1 cancers, SPATA2 was expressed higher in grade 2 and 3 tumors (P = 0.011) as well as in HGSOC compared with LGSOC (P = 0.024). Multivariate survival analyses revealed that OC with high SPATA2 expression were associated with reduced progression‐free survival (P = 0.048) and overall survival (P < 0.001). In conclusion, SPATA2 expression is regulated by TNF‐α and IL‐1β and is found to independently affect clinical outcome in OC patients. These data implicate a role of SPATA2 in tumorigenesis which warrants further investigation in gynecological malignancies.
Spotlight on 17‐AAG as an Hsp90 inhibitor for molecular targeted cancer treatment
Authors: Talaei Sona , Mellatyar Hassan , Asadi Asadollah , Akbarzadeh Abolfazl , Sheervalilou Roghayeh , Zarghami Nosratollah 
Published: January 2019

AbstractHsp90 is a ubiquitous chaperone with important roles in the organization and maturation of client proteins that are involved in the progression and survival of cancer cells. Multiple oncogenic pathways can be affected by inhibition of Hsp90 function through degradation of its client proteins. That makes Hsp90 a therapeutic target for cancer treatment. 17‐allylamino‐17‐demethoxy‐geldanamycin (17‐AAG) is a potent Hsp90 inhibitor that binds to Hsp90 and inhibits its chaperoning function, which results in the degradation of Hsp90's client proteins. There have been several preclinical studies of 17‐AAG as a single agent or in combination with other anticancer agents for a wide range of human cancers. Data from various phases of clinical trials show that 17‐AAG can be given safely at biologically active dosages with mild toxicity. Even though 17‐AAG has suitable pharmacological potency, its low water solubility and high hepatotoxicity could significantly restrict its clinical use. Nanomaterials‐based drug delivery carriers may overcome these drawbacks. In this paper, we review preclinical and clinical research on 17‐AAG as a single agent and in combination with other anticancer agents. In addition, we highlight the potential of using nanocarriers and nanocombination therapy to improve therapeutic effects of 17‐AAG.
Effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on cardiovascular, renal and safety outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Toyama Tadashi , Neuen Brendon L. , Jun Min , Ohkuma Toshiaki , Neal Bruce , Jardine Meg J. , Heerspink Hiddo L. , Wong Muh Geot , Ninomiya Toshiharu , Wada Takashi , Perkovic Vlado 
Published: January 2019

AimThe use of sodium glucose co‐transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been limited, primarily because glycaemic efficacy is dependent on kidney function. We performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis to assess the efficacy and safety of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with T2DM and CKD, defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m2.Materials and methodsWe searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library until 7 August 2018 and websites of the US, European and Japanese regulatory authorities until 27 July 2018 for data from randomized controlled trials of SGLT2 inhibitors that included reporting of effects on biomarkers, cardiovascular, renal or safety outcomes in individuals with T2DM and CKD. Random effects models and inverse variance weighting were used to calculate relative risks with 95% confidence intervals.ResultsData were obtained from 27 studies with up to 7363 participants involved. In patients with T2DM and CKD, SGLT2 inhibitors lowered glycated haemoglobin (−0.29%; 95% CI, −0.39 to −0.19) as well as blood pressure, body weight and albuminuria. SGLT2 inhibition reduced the risk of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction or nonfatal stroke (RR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.70‐0.94) and heart failure (RR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.48‐0.78), without a clear effect on all‐cause mortality (HR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.73‐1.01). These agents also attenuated the annual decline in eGFR slope (placebo‐subtracted difference of 1.35 mL/1.73 m2/y; 95% CI, 0.78‐1.93) and reduced the risk of the composite renal outcome (HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.53‐0.95). There was no evidence of additional risks with SGLT2 inhibition in CKD beyond those already known for the class, although heterogeneity was observed across individual agents for some safety outcomes.ConclusionCurrently available data suggest that, despite only modest reductions in glycated haemoglobin, SGLT2 inhibitors reduce the risk of cardiovascular and renal outcomes in patients with T2DM and CKD, without clear evidence of additional safety concerns.
Use of fluoroquinolones and the risk of spontaneous cervical artery dissection
Authors: Del Zotto E. , Pezzini A. 
Published: January 2019

Background and purposeBecause of their potential to alter the integrity of collagen and other components of the extracellular matrix, fluoroquinolone antibiotics might be involved in the pathogenesis of spontaneous cervical artery dissection (sCeAD).MethodsIn the setting of a single‐centre case–control study, whether fluoroquinolone use in the 30‐day period before the index event is associated with sCeAD (cases) in comparison with a group of age‐ and sex‐matched patients who suffered a first‐ever acute cerebral infarction from a cause other than CeAD (non‐CeAD IS, controls) was assessed.ResultsOverall, 284 cases (mean age 43.2 ± 10.4 years; 58.5% men) and 568 controls qualified for the analysis. Thirty (10.6%) patients in the sCeAD group and 16 (2.8%) in the non‐CeAD IS group were fluoroquinolone users (P ≤ 0.001). The use of these antibiotics was associated with a more than two‐fold increased risk of sCeAD [odds ratio (OR) 2.31; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.00–5.30] after adjusting for confounders. The risk was more substantial in the subgroup of patients with dissection involving the carotid artery (OR 2.78; 95% CI 1.14–6.78), in females (OR 4.58; 95% CI 1.04–20.1) and compared to that conferred by other antibiotics (OR 2.42; 95% CI 1.02–5.75).ConclusionsFluoroquinolones may represent a novel contributing factor involved in the pathogenesis of sCeAD.
Pyridoxine (VB6) restores the down‐regulation of serine palmitoyltransferase mRNA expression in keratinocytes cultured in highly oxidative conditions through enhancement of the intracellular antioxidant system
Authors: Mizutani Taeko , Yamawaki Yumiko , Okano Yuri , Masaki Hitoshi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundPyridoxine (VB6), which acts as a coenzyme in the biosynthesis of niacin, is formulated in pharmaceuticals to treat skin roughness. However, the mechanism of action of VB6 is not known precisely.ObjectiveThis study was conducted to clarify the influence of highly oxidative conditions on the expression of skin moisture‐related mRNAs and to evaluate the preventive effects of VB6 focusing on antioxidant behaviour.MethodsIntracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) were determined using the 2′,7′‐dichlorofluorescein diacetate assay. Real‐time PCR was employed to investigate the influence of higher oxidative conditions on the expression of mRNAs encoding serine palmitoyl transferase (SPT) and filaggrin, and to characterize the mechanism of the antioxidant effect of VB6. Intracellular glutathione was quantified using an assay based on the glutathione recycling system with 5,5′‐dithiobis (2‐nitrobenzoic acid) reagent and glutathione reductase. Carbonylated proteins (CPs) were semi‐quantified by detecting aldehyde residues.ResultsTreatment of NHEKs with BSO increased the level of intracellular CPs by interfering with intracellular glutathione synthesis. Further, treatment with BSO down‐regulated the expression level of SPT mRNA, but VB6 restored SPT mRNA expression in BSO‐treated NHEKs. VB6 decreased the level of intracellular CPs with or without BSO treatment in a dose‐dependent manner. In addition, VB6 increased levels of intracellular NADH/NADPH and glutathione through the activation of nuclear factor E2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) signalling.ConclusionThese results suggest that highly oxidative conditions cause an impaired skin barrier function due to the down‐regulation of SPT that results in skin roughness. VB6 improved the down‐regulation of SPT mRNA expression initiated by highly oxidative conditions by enhancing the intracellular antioxidant system.
The skin health of fishermen in Guanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: Bernardes Filho Fred , Alves Andreia de Oliveira , Towersey Loan , Hay Roderick , Montag Andreas , Coutinho Ana L. F. , Lupi Omar , Barreto Josafá G. , Frade Marco A. C. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundFishing is an important economic activity worldwide, but there are only a few studies on the skin health of fishermen. Daily activities in fishing communities expose fishermen to risks of traumatic, actinic, and sea dermatoses.MethodsA semi‐structured questionnaire was applied to 388 fishermen from 2014 to 2015 at their workplace (Z‐8 to Z‐13 fishing communities). The data collected were evaluated for descriptive analysis. In the bivariate analysis of the data, the Pearson chi‐square test was used. The multinomial logistic regression was used to obtain estimates of odds ratios and adjusted confidence intervals for confounding variables.ResultsThree hundred and nine (79.6%) fishermen reported accidents during their fishing activity. The main fish species implicated were Genidens genidens and Scorpaena brasiliensis. Inappropriate or potentially harmful traditional treatments without scientific evidence of efficacy were recorded as main/auxiliary treatment. Other significant skin injuries were due to trauma from fishing tackle and exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Three hundred and twenty (82.5%) fishermen reported that they had never used any sun protective devices or sunscreen.ConclusionsTraumatic injuries due to fish stings were the most common accidents in this group. Despite chronic occupational sun exposure and its hazards, most fishermen did not adopt any method of photoprotection. Health educational activities as well as a specific health program for these professionals are necessary to improve the health of fishermen in Guanabara Bay area.
A video‐supported nurse‐led advance care planning on end‐of‐life decision‐making among frail older patients: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Leung Doris Yin Ping , Chan Helen Yue Lai , Yau Susan Zi May , Chiu Patrick Ka Chun , Tang Fiona Wing Ki , Kwan Joseph Siu Kwong 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimTo examine the effect of a video‐supported nurse‐led advance care planning to frail geriatric patients on end‐of‐life decision‐making outcomes in patients and their carers.DesignThis is a double‐blinded randomized controlled trial with parallel arms.MethodsThe protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the participating hospital on 1 August 2018. Frail elders and their carer if any are enrolled during hospitalization, and undergo randomization after discharged. The intervention group receives a 2‐week video‐supported nurse‐led advance care planning programme (N = 149) while the control group receives a 2‐week health education program at home (N = 149). Follow‐up surveys via telephone at 1 and 6 months measure outcomes regarding end‐of‐life decision‐making from both the patients and the carers.ConclusionAdvance care planning discussion is to understand patient's values, preferences and treatment for care on their anticipation of future deterioration. Treatment options for end‐of‐life care may not be well‐received especially elders because in the discussion process, technical medical terms are presented in an abstract, hypothetical way that are hard to understand. The present study aims to evaluate the effect of a nurse‐led advance care planning supplementing with a video showing end‐of‐life treatment options to promote end‐of‐life care decision‐making among frail geriatric patients.ImpactThe results will help identify effective elements of advance care planning and inform the development of an evidence?based structured advance care planning intervention in response to the need for quality end‐of‐life care.Trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR‐IOR‐17012341
Inferring the potentially complex genetic architectures of adaptation, sexual dimorphism and genotype by environment interactions by partitioning of mean phenotypes
Authors: Armstrong Andrew , Anderson Nathan W. , Blackmon Heath 
Published: January 2019

AbstractGenetic architecture fundamentally affects the way that traits evolve. However, the mapping of genotype to phenotype includes complex interactions with the environment or even the sex of an organism that can modulate the expressed phenotype. Line‐cross analysis is a powerful quantitative genetics method to infer genetic architecture by analysing the mean phenotype value of two diverged strains and a series of subsequent crosses and backcrosses. However, it has been difficult to account for complex interactions with the environment or sex within this framework. We have developed extensions to line‐cross analysis that allow for gene by environment and gene by sex interactions. Using extensive simulation studies and reanalysis of empirical data, we show that our approach can account for both unintended environmental variation when crosses cannot be reared in a common garden and can be used to test for the presence of gene by environment or gene by sex interactions. In analyses that fail to account for environmental variation between crosses, we find that line‐cross analysis has low power and high false‐positive rates. However, we illustrate that accounting for environmental variation allows for the inference of adaptive divergence, and that accounting for sex differences in phenotypes allows practitioners to infer the genetic architecture of sexual dimorphism.
The impacts of data deviations between MRIO models on material footprints: A comparison of EXIOBASE, Eora, and ICIO
Authors: Giljum Stefan , Wieland Hanspeter , Lutter Stephan , Eisenmenger Nina , Schandl Heinz , Owen Anne 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn various international policy processes such as the UN Sustainable Development Goals, an urgent demand for robust consumption‐based indicators of material flows, or material footprints (MFs), has emerged over the past years. Yet, MFs for national economies diverge when calculated with different Global Multiregional Input–Output (GMRIO) databases, constituting a significant barrier to a broad policy uptake of these indicators. The objective of this paper is to quantify the impact of data deviations between GMRIO databases on the resulting MF. We use two methods, structural decomposition analysis and structural production layer decomposition, and apply them for a pairwise assessment of three GMRIO databases, EXIOBASE, Eora, and the OECD Inter‐Country Input–Output (ICIO) database, using an identical set of material extensions. Although all three GMRIO databases accord for the directionality of footprint results, that is, whether a countries’ final demand depends on net imports of raw materials from abroad or is a net exporter, they sometimes show significant differences in level and composition of material flows. Decomposing the effects from the Leontief matrices (economic structures), we observe that a few sectors at the very first stages of the supply chain, that is, raw material extraction and basic processing, explain 60% of the total deviations stemming from the technology matrices. We conclude that further development of methods to align results from GMRIOs, in particular for material‐intensive sectors and supply chains, should be an important research priority. This will be vital to strengthen the uptake of demand‐based material flow indicators in the resource policy context.
An efficient TILLING platform for cultivated tobacco
Authors: Gao Yu‐Long , Yao Xue‐Feng , Li Wen‐Zheng , Song Zhong‐Bang , Wang Bing‐Wu , Wu Yu‐Ping , Shi Jun‐Li , Liu Guan‐Shan , Li Yong‐Ping , Liu Chun‐Ming 
Published: January 2019

AbstractTargeting‐induced local lesions in genomes (TILLING) is a powerful reverse‐genetics tool that enables high‐throughput screening of genomic variations in plants. Although TILLING has been developed for many diploid plants, the technology has been used in very few polyploid species due to their genomic complexity. Here, we established an efficient capillary electrophoresis‐based TILLING platform for allotetraploid cultivated tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) using an ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)‐mutagenized population of 1,536 individuals. We optimized the procedures for endonuclease preparation, leaf tissue sampling, DNA extraction, normalization, pooling, PCR amplification, heteroduplex formation, and capillary electrophoresis. In a test screen using seven target genes with eight PCR fragments, we obtained 118 mutants. The mutation density was estimated to be approximately one mutation per 106 kb on average. Phenotypic analyses showed that mutations in two heavy metal transporter genes, HMA2S and HMA4T, led to reduced accumulation of cadmium and zinc, which was confirmed independently using CRISPR/Cas9 to generate knockout mutants. Our results demonstrate that this powerful TILLING platform (available at http://www.croptilling.org) can be used in tobacco to facilitate functional genomics applications.
Efficacy and possible mechanisms of botulinum toxin treatment of oily skin
Authors: Shuo Liu , Ting Yang , KeLun Wu , Rui Zhao , Rui Zhao , Hang Wang 
Published: January 2019

SummaryBackgroundOily skin is one of the most common dermatological complaints. Oily skin may be accompanied by enlarged pores, acne, and seborrheic dermatitis. Moreover, oily skin has negative effects on self‐perception. Most therapeutic approaches used to treat oily skin have had varying degrees of efficacy and include topical treatments, such as photodynamic therapy and lasers. However, certain of these therapies for oily skin may lead to severe side effects. With the expanding use and high safety profile of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT‐A), its use in the treatment of oily skin has caused significant concerns; moreover, relevant reports have gradually accumulated to address the efficacy of BoNT‐A and explore its mechanisms of action.AimsThe objective of this article was to review the efficacy and possible treatment mechanisms of BoNT‐A on oily skin.MethodsA retrospective review of the published data was conducted.ResultsMost studies have suggested that the intradermal injection of BoNT‐A decreased sebum production and pore size. Furthermore, this treatment attained high patient satisfaction without significant side effects. BoNT‐A effectively decreased sebum production and excretion, which was in keeping with previous studies, possibly via its blockade of cholinergic signaling and its neuromodulatory effects.ConclusionsIntradermal BoNT‐A injection may represent a promising new treatment for oily skin and other relevant dermatological problems, such as enlarged pores, acne, and seborrheic dermatitis. Further study is still needed to determine the specific mechanisms of BoNT‐A and the optimal injection techniques and doses for oily skin and other relevant cosmetic concerns.