bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hyrtios sp.-associated Cladosporium sp. UR3 as a potential source of antiproliferative metabolites
Authors: Abdelhafez Omnia Hesham , Elmaidomy Abeer H. , Hisham Mohamed , Glaeser Stefanie P. , Kämpfer Peter , Wu Jun , Abdelmohsen Usama Ramadan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Sponge-associated microorganisms are promising resources for the production of bioactive compounds with cytotoxic potential. The main goal of our study is to isolate the fungal endophytes from the Red Sea sponge Hyrtios sp. followed by investigating their cytotoxicity against number of cell lines.

Results
The fungal strain UR3 was isolated from the Red Sea sponge using Sabouraud dextrose agar media. It was identified based on partial 18 S rRNA gene and ITS sequence analyses as Cladosporium sp. UR3. The in vitro cytotoxic potential of the ethyl acetate extract of the fungal isolate was evaluated using MTT assay against three cancer cell lines: CACO2, MCF7, and HEPG2. Metabolomics profiling of the obtained ethyl acetate extract using LC-HR-ESI-MS, along with molecular docking and pharmacological network studies for the dereplicated compounds were performed to explore its chemical profile and the possible cytotoxic mechanism of the sponge-associated fungi.

Conclusion
These results highlighted the role of sponge-associated fungi as a fruitful resource for the discovery of cytotoxic metabolites.
Enhancing strawberry resilience to saline, alkaline, and combined stresses with light spectra: impacts on growth, enzymatic activity, nutrient uptake, and osmotic regulation
Authors: Malekzadeh Mohammad Reza , Roosta Hamid Reza , Kalaji Hazem M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
This study examines the effects of various complementary light spectra on the growth, development, antioxidant activity, and nutrient absorption in strawberry plants under stress conditions. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were used to provide specific wavelengths, including monochromatic blue (460 nm), monochromatic red (660 nm), a dichromatic mix of blue and red (1:3 ratio), full-spectrum white light (400–700 nm), and ambient light as a control (no LED treatment). The stress treatments applied were: control (no stress), salinity (80 mM NaCl), alkalinity (40 mM NaHCO₃), and a combined salinity/alkalinity condition.

Results
Our results indicated that complementary light spectra, especially red and blue/red, helped mitigate the adverse effects of stress on plant growth and development. These spectra improved plant tolerance by enhancing the activity of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase enzymes and increasing starch accumulation in the leaves. Furthermore, under stress conditions, red and blue-red light significantly boosted fruit anthocyanin levels. Although stress elevated antioxidant activity, supplementary light reduced this activity by alleviating stress compared to ambient light. While stress led to increased Na and Cl ion concentrations in leaves, treatments with blue, red, and blue-red light minimized these harmful effects and promoted the absorption of beneficial ions such as K, Mg, Fe, and Cu.

Conclusions
Adjusting light quality significantly influences the morphology and physiology of strawberry plants, underscoring the role of specific light spectra in promoting optimal growth under stress conditions.

Clinical trial number
Not applicable
Severe postoperative negative pressure pulmonary edema: a case report
Authors: Omuro Philipp Kazuo , Sander David , Hart Dominique 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Postoperative negative pressure pulmonary edema (NPPE) can occur in any patient undergoing general anesthesia. There are several risk factors for it, especially postoperative laryngospasm. The disease is usually benign and quickly reversible. In our case the severity and need for advanced critical care therapy was unusual.

Case
We report a severe case of postoperative negative pressure pulmonary edema in a 62-year-old male patient undergoing elective right-sided retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy. The patient developed a severe case of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) after postoperative laryngospasm, possibly in conjunction with a suspected anaphylactic reaction. The patient was consequently treated with a combination of invasive airway pressure release ventilation (APRV) and a prone positioning regimen. After drastic improvement in respiratory function, the patient was discharged from the intensive care unit after 10 days and from the hospital after 14 days.

Conclusion
NPPE is a rare but relevant complication of anesthesia and laryngospasm. The disease can basically occur in any patient undergoing general anesthesia and therefore should be considered.
Recruiting and retaining healthcare workers in Scotland to a longitudinal COVID-19 study: a descriptive analysis
Authors: Evans Josie MM , Sergenson Nicole , Dembinsky Melanie , Haahr Lynne , Bishop Jen , Howells Anna , Munro Katie , Price Lesley 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Rapid timescales for the design and delivery of research were common during the COVID-19 pandemic. The recruitment and retention of healthcare workers (HCWs) as participants in research studies are notoriously challenging, but this was exacerbated during the pandemic by the unprecedented demand placed on the workforce. The SARS-CoV-2 Immunity and Reinfection Evaluation (SIREN study) is a prospective multicentre cohort study following HCWs in the UK. This paper discusses the strategies and challenges associated with recruitment and retention of HCW participants in Scotland.

Methods
There were 44,546 HCWs recruited to the SIREN study, of whom 6,285 were recruited by research teams at ten different research sites in Scotland between October 2020 and March 2021. Information on target and actual sample size, availability of resource, recruitment rate, and recruitment and engagement strategies by site was collated from SIREN study documentation and discussions with local key SIREN site staff. Individual-level data from 6,153 HCW participants with ongoing consent for all data usage were also collated, including socio-demographic data and information on withdrawal (in first year) and opt-in to a study extension after one year. Factors associated with these outcomes were explored in logistic regression analyses.

Results
Different recruitment strategies were used in each site according to local agreements, protocol and staff capacity, with the recruitment period ranging from 13 to 160 days. The locally-agreed recruitment target was met in four sites. The proportion of participants who withdrew in the first year ranged from 3.1 to 24.8% by site, while subsequent opt-in to a 12-month study extension ranged from 28.6 to 74.8%. The sites with the highest proportions of withdrawals were the same four sites with lowest proportions of opt-in. On an individual level, there was a lower level of retention among younger participants, and those from lower socio-economic backgrounds and minority ethnic groups.

Conclusions
Site-specific factors including research-readiness likely had a significant influence on recruitment and retention, more so than the specific recruitment or retention strategies employed. Independent of site factors, individual-level variables influenced recruitment and retention, suggesting targeted strategies may be needed to promote research engagement among particular socio-demographic groups.
Prevalence of depression and anxiety in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and associated factors in a quaternary hospital in Thailand: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Keeratibharat Pattra , Sophonsritsuk Areepan , Saipanish Ratana , Wattanakrai Penpun , Anantaburana Makaramas , Tantanavipas Siriluk 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common gynaecological problem for women of reproductive age. Depression and anxiety are common conditions that occur in women with PCOS and have an impact on mental well-being. However, there is a lack of data on their prevalence and its associated factors in the Thai population. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of depression and anxiety among women with PCOS and identify the factors associated with depression and anxiety in women with PCOS as well as their impact on mental well-being in Thailand.

Methods
A total of 260 women aged 15 to 40 years diagnosed with PCOS based on the Rotterdam criteria were included in the study. Physical examinations were conducted, and participants completed Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Thai version WHO-Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5 Thai) questionnaires to assess depression, anxiety, and mental well-being, respectively. The prevalence and prevalence rations (PR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for depression and anxiety were analysed using modified Poisson regression analyses with robust variance estimators.

Results
The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and poor mental well-being among women with PCOS was found to be 3.85%, 11.92%, and 16.92%, respectively. Abdominal obesity (PR 24.25, 95% CI: 2.75–219.50; p = 0.004), poor mental well-being (PR 16.68, 95% CI: 4.02–69.18; p = < 0.001), and snoring (PR 10.26, 95% CI: 2.06–51.14; p = 0.005) were identified as factors associated with depression in women with PCOS. Having children (PR 6.22, 95% CI: 2.90-13.35; p = < 0.001), alcohol drinking (PR 3.41, 95% CI: 1.52–7.65; p = 0.003), poor mental well-being (PR 2.32, 95% CI: 1.14–4.74; p = 0.021), and hirsutism (PR 2.23, 95% CI: 1.18–4.22; p = 0.014) were found to be relative factors for anxiety in women with PCOS.

Conclusion
Women with PCOS is associated with high prevalences of depression and anxiety. Poor mental well-being was identified as key factors associated with both depression and anxiety in women with PCOS. Based on these findings, the present study suggests that screening for depression and anxiety should be conducted for all women with PCOS, especially those who present with poor mental well-being.
Mesh-associated pain syndrome: predictors for continence and prolapse mesh removal surgery in a single centre
Authors: Elneil Sohier , Delanerolle Gayathri , Zeng Yutian , Chunli Deng , Shetty Ashish , Shi Jian Qing 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Objective
Over the last two decades one of the main surgical treatment for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and pelvic organ prolapse (POP) surgery was the insertion of non-absorbable mesh to restore continence and prolapse respectively. Over time complications arose including mesh-associated pain syndrome (MAPS), mesh exposure, mesh, erosion, chronic bladder/vaginal infections, and dyspareunia. Consequently, women chose surgical mesh removal to counter these problems. However, little is known about the demographics, medical co-morbidities, mesh types involved and the timing from mesh insertion to mesh removal. This retrospective study will look at which of these factors may be closely associated with mesh removal surgery.

Design
Retrospective evaluation.

Setting
Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery (FPMRS) Clinic at University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust.

Population
All patients presenting to the FPMRS Clinic between June 2011 to December 2019, requesting mesh removal surgery with a history of MAPS and other mesh complications were included in this study.

Methods
Patient demographics including age, ethnicity, obstetric history, and medical co-morbidities; type of mesh/anatomical route used; onset of symptoms; and time from insertion to removal were recorded.

Main Outcome Measures
Determination of correlation coefficients between patient demographics, patient reported symptoms and mesh removal surgery.

Results
Three hundred and forty-five women with a history of MAPS were included in the study. Women in the 40–60 year old cohort accounted for 54.4% of mesh removal surgery; 54.8% had a BMI under 30 and almost 90% were Caucasian. 96.5% had had children, with over 77% having had a vaginal delivery. 91.9% of patients reported other health conditions including 18.8% with a concomitant history of mental health problems and 15.4% with a history of heart disease. Over 80% of women undergoing mesh removal surgery had a continence mesh (49% retropubic and 32% obturator continence mesh) removed, whereas 20% had an abdominal prolapse and/or vaginal prolapse mesh removed. The average time from mesh insertion to mesh removal was seven years, with the prevalence of mesh removal surgery averaging 85% (range 50–100%) depending on the comorbidity determined.

Conclusions
All women presented to the clinic with a history of MAPS and other comorbidities which may have influenced their decision to pursue mesh removal surgery. There were no specific predictors, other than chronic pain associated with mesh, determining which women underwent surgery, though those with continence mesh were more likely to do so.
Influences on improved confidence among allied health students in working with Australian Indigenous people during a rural placement: a pre-post survey study
Authors: Woods John A. , Fitzgerald Kathryn , Papertalk Lennelle P. , Green Charmaine , Rasiah Rohan L. , Moran Monica , Bentink Samantha , Thompson Sandra C. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Together with addressing social determinants of health, culturally safe healthcare provision is essential for closing the health outcomes gap experienced by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (Indigenous) Australians. Rural placements potentially provide students of the health professions with opportunities to enhance their knowledge and skills regarding cultural safety. We used rural placements data systematically collected from allied health students, including commencement- and end-of-placement questionnaire responses, to investigate the determinants of confidence in working with Indigenous people.

Methods
The study comprised data from all students who provided survey data at both commencement and end of their first placement directly supervised by the administering University Department of Rural Health during the period 2019–2022. Five-point ordered responses to the question ‘How confident do you feel about working with Aboriginal people?’ were used to assess student and placement-related determinants of confidence (Confident/Very confident versus other) at baseline and increased confidence (≥ 1 point) during the placement using crude and adjusted multivariable robust Poisson regression.

Results
Participating students (N = 489) were from diverse allied health disciplines (including pharmacy n = 94, 19.2%; chiropractic n= 66, 13.5%; physiotherapy n= 65, 13.3%; social work n = 59, 12.1%; and occupational therapy 58, 11.9%). Confidence in dealing with Aboriginal people was lower at commencement among females compared with males (adjusted relative risk [aRR] 0.65; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.53–0.80), and higher among students of Australian rural origin compared with others (aRR 1.49; CI 1.22–1.83) and those who reported previous experience working with Indigenous people compared with those reporting none (aRR 1.40; CI 1.14–1.72). Placement attributes associated with increased confidence working with Indigenous people between placement commencement and end were interaction with Indigenous people within the placement (aRR 2.32; CI 1.24–4.34), placement model reflecting more structured academic supervision (aRR 1.18; CI 1.02–1.37), and placement length (aRR per additional day 1.002; CI 1.001–1.004). These associations were robust to modelling that accounted for a ceiling effect on increased confidence.

Conclusions
While influenced by students’ demographic attributes and prior experiences, confidence of allied health students in working with Indigenous people is enhanced during rural placements, particularly through direct contact with Indigenous people.
Cost of integrated immunization campaigns in Nigeria and Sierra Leone: bottom-up costing studies
Authors: Boonstoppel Laura , Moi Flavia , Banks Christina , Sibeudu Florence , Obodoechi Divine , Borces Kyle , Onwujekwe Obinna , Brenzel Logan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
To improve the efficient use of scarce resources, low- and middle-income countries and development partners are increasingly encouraged to deliver multiple vaccines and other interventions in a single integrated campaign. However, little is known regarding the cost of delivering vaccines through integrated campaigns, and the extent to which efficiencies are achieved. To fill this evidence gap, we estimated the cost of integrated immunization campaigns in Nigeria and Sierra Leone, and the potential savings from integration.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective ingredients-based costing study from a payer perspective of a campaign held in 2019 in Sierra Leone with measles-rubella vaccine and oral polio vaccine, during which nutrition supplements were also offered in part of the country, and yellow fever campaigns held in three states in Nigeria in 2019 and 2020, where in one state (Anambra) meningococcal A vaccines were co-delivered. We collected data from 108 health facilities, all relevant administrative levels, and implementing partners. We estimated the full financial and economic cost of each campaign, the average unit cost of delivery, as well as the cost by activity and resource type. We also estimated the cost savings from integration in Anambra state by modelling out the cost of the alternative of two standalone campaigns.

Results
The average financial delivery cost was $0.34 per dose in Sierra Leone, and the economic cost was $0.73 per dose. In Nigeria, the financial cost per dose was $0.29–$0.35 across the three states, and the economic cost per dose was $0.62–$0.85. Facilities and wards delivering more doses achieved a lower financial and economic unit cost of delivery, demonstrating evidence of economies of scale. We estimated that Anambra may have saved at least $1,204,133 in financial resources by integrating yellow fever and meningitis A vaccine delivery, amounting to $0.17 per dose delivered. When including opportunity costs, the economic cost saving was estimated at $0.34 per dose delivered.

Conclusions
The study offers evidence on what it costs to deliver integrated campaigns, and shows that integrated delivery is likely to result in significant cost savings. Where high delivery volumes can be achieved, integrated campaigns can benefit from economies of scale. The findings can be used to inform planning and budgeting for immunization campaigns in low- and middle-income countries.
Examining select sociodemographic characteristics of sub-county geographies for public health surveillance
Authors: Vinson D. Aaron , Werner Angela K. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Mapping health outcomes related to environmental health hazards at the county level can lead to a simplification of risks experienced by populations in that county. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Environmental Public Health Tracking Program has developed sub-county geographies that aggregate census tracts to allow for stable, minimally suppressed data to be displayed. This helps to highlight more local variation in environmental health outcomes and risk data. However, we wanted to understand whether the aggregation method used was aggregating sociodemographically similar or dissimilar areas with one another. This analysis attempts to explore whether the distributions of select people who may be at increased risk for exposure to environmental health hazards as identified by the Tracking Program are preserved in these sub-county geographies with the census tracts used as the foundation to create them.

Methods
Mean values of three sociodemographic characteristics (persons aged 65 years and older, people from racial and ethnic minority groups, and population below the poverty level) for each sub-county geography in five states were calculated and placed into five break groups. Differences in break groups were determined and compared for each sub-county geography and census tract.

Results
The sociodemographic characteristics among the census tracts and two aggregated sub-county geographies were similar. In some instances, census tracts with a low population or a highly skewed population (e.g., very high percentage of population aged 65 years and older) were aggregated with dissimilar census tracts out of necessity to meet the requirements set by the Tracking Program’s aggregation methodology. This pattern was detected in 2.41-6.59% of census tracts within the study area, depending on the sociodemographic variable and aggregation level.

Conclusions
The Tracking Program’s sub-county aggregation methodology aggregates census tracts with similar characteristics. The two new sub-county geographies can serve as a potential option for health officials and policymakers to develop targeted interventions using finer resolution health outcome and environmental hazard data compared to coarser resolution county-level data.
Kimchi and its antiobesity and anticancer functions
Authors: Park Kun-Young , Hong Geun-Hye , Lee So-Young , Lee Yeon-Jun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractKimchi is a Korean traditional vegetable fermented food with lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Fermented kimchi contains live LAB (probiotics), dietary fibers (prebiotics) and dead LAB and fermented metabolites (postbiotics), and it may have various health benefits. The taste and functionalities of kimchi are dependent on its main ingredients and subingredients, fermentation conditions, LAB in the fermentation, etc. There are many types of kimchi, but Baechu kimchi is the most popular and commonly used kimchi in Korea. Baechu kimchi is prepared by LAB fermentation of Baechu cabbage mixed with other subingredients such as radish, green onion, red pepper powder, garlic, ginger and fermented small sea fishes. Kimchi contains high levels of vitamins, minerals, dietary fibers and other functional components and fermented metabolites. Various studies have reported on kimchi and its antimutagenic and anticancer, antioxidative and antiaging, antiatherosclerotic, antidiabetic, antiobesity, and anti-inflammatory effects. Fermented kimchi contains high levels of LAB (108–9 CFU/g) and LAB also contribute functionalities to kimchi. We will discuss the process of manufacturing kimchi, fermentation of kimchi and related microorganisms. Though it briefly discuss on the general functionalities of kimchi, we will focus on the history and functions of the antiobesity, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory effects of kimchi in detail with better taste and preservation period. To increase the antiobesity and anticancer functions of kimchi we will introduce kimchi recipes, salt kinds, other added ingredients, etc. It was finally discussed on postbiotics in kimchi and their health benefits.