bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Health Effects of Combining Work and Family Demands: An International Comparison of 31 Countries
Authors: Volk Hannah , Muckenhuber Johanna 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This article aims to analyze the relationship between work-family conflict (wfc) and self-rated health in 31 countries. It argues that wfc, in line with the Sociological Stress Model (Pearlin 1987), is a major role stressor, associated with health problems of workers. The results show that wfc influences the level of self-rated health in the expected direction, when controlling for sociodemographic, family and working characteristics. Country differences exist regarding the moderating role of a country’s degree of individualism. In countries which show higher degrees of individualism, the negative health effects of wfc are stronger. The analysis uses data from the ISSP in 2012 (N=29.857) and multilevel regression models are calculated in order to analyze country differences.
Married Mothers’ Employment in East Asian Countries: A Comparison of China, Taiwan, South Korea, and Japan
Authors: Ng Ka U , Chen Chih-Jou Jay 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This study examines married women’s employment in East Asia. The authors find that highly educated married mothers have greater bargaining power in marriage, thus allowing them to remain in the labor force. In Japan and South Korea, lower-educated mothers are more likely to be restricted to the home compared to their counterparts in Taiwan and China. Also, for married mothers living in highly educated couples, they still are less likely to remain in the labor force in Japan and South Korea than in Taiwan and China. While individual-level factors may lead to differences in mothers’ labor force participation, there may also be institutional factors that affect the impact of education on a couple’s employment pattern across East Asian societies.
Diagnostic accuracy of i-scan image enhancement for real-time endoscopic diagnosis of small colorectal polyps: a meta-analysis
Authors: Glover Ben , Patel Nisha , Ashrafian Hutan , Teare Julian 
Published: December 2018

Objective: i-Scan is a digital image enhancement technology, reported to improve diagnostic performance during endoscopy. Previous studies have investigated the accuracy of i-scan for distinguishing between neoplastic and non-neoplastic colonic polyps and suggested diagnostic accuracy close to that required for use in routine clinical practice. The aim of this study was to perform a meta-analysis of the available literature investigating diagnostic accuracy for i-scan optical diagnosis when made in real time for colorectal polyps <10 mm in size. Data sources: The databases of Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Library were searched for relevant studies. Methods: A bivariate random effects model was used to produce pooled sensitivity and specificity values, and univariable meta-regression was applied for subgroup analysis. Results: The meta-analysis included 15 studies, and diagnosis of 2817 polyps. The area under the hierarchical summary receiver-operating characteristic curve was 0.96. The pooled sensitivity of i-scan optical diagnosis was 0.92 (95% confidence interval 0.85–0.95). The specificity was 0.90 (95% confidence interval 0.83–0.94). Conclusions: This meta-analysis updates and summarizes the available evidence concerning the diagnostic performance of i-scan for small colorectal polyps. An acceptable degree of accuracy was found, showing potential to support a ‘resect and discard’ strategy for colonic polyps. There was not found to be a significant difference in diagnostic performance between different clinical settings (i.e. teaching hospitals or general hospitals).
Effects of high-density lipoprotein targeting treatments on cardiovascular outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Riaz Haris , Khan Safi U , Rahman Hammad , Shah Nishant P , Kaluski Edo , Lincoff A Michael , Nissen Steven E 
Published: December 2018

Background The effects of increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol on cardiovascular outcomes remain uncertain. Design We conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the effects of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol modifiers (niacin, fibrates and cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitors) on cardiovascular outcomes. Methods Thirty-one randomized controlled trials (154,601 patients) with a follow-up of 6 months or more and a sample size of 100 or more patients were selected using MEDLINE, EMBASE and CENTRAL database (inception January 2018). Results High-density lipoprotein cholesterol modifiers had no statistically significant effect on cardiovascular mortality in terms of relative risk (RR) (RR 0.94, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.89–1.00, P = 0.05, I2 = 13%) or absolute risk (risk difference −0.0001, 95% CI −0.0014, 0.0011, P = 0.84, I2 = 28%). High-density lipoprotein cholesterol modifiers reduced the RR of myocardial infarction (RR 0.87, 95% CI 0.82–0.93, P < 0.001, I2 = 37%). This significant effect was derived by the use of fibrates (RR 0.80, 95% CI 0.73–0.87, P < 0.001, I2 = 22%) and meta-regression analysis showed that this benefit was consistent with an absolute reduction in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol modifiers had no effect on stroke (RR 1.00, 95% CI 0.93–1.09, P = 0.94, I2 = 25%) or all-cause mortality (RR 1.02, 95% CI 0.97–1.08, P = 0.48, I2 = 49%). Meta-regression analyses failed to demonstrate a significant association of pharmacologically increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol with key endpoints. In studies with background statin therapy, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol modifiers had no statistically significant impact on cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke or all-cause mortality ( P > 0.05). Conclusion The use of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol modifying treatments had no significant effect on cardiovascular mortality, stroke or all-cause mortality. The beneficial effect on myocardial infarction was lost when drugs were used with statin therapy.
Association between clinical risk scores and mortality in atrial fibrillation: Systematic review and network meta-regression of 669,000 patients
Authors: Proietti Marco , Farcomeni Alessio , Romiti Giulio Francesco , Di Rocco Arianna , Placentino Filippo , Diemberger Igor , Lip Gregory YH , Boriani Giuseppe 
Published: December 2018

Aims Many clinical scores for risk stratification in patients with atrial fibrillation have been proposed, and some have been useful in predicting all-cause mortality. We aim to analyse the relationship between clinical risk score and all-cause death occurrence in atrial fibrillation patients. Methods We performed a systematic search in PubMed and Scopus from inception to 22 July 2017. We considered the following scores: ATRIA-Stroke, ATRIA-Bleeding, CHADS2, CHA2DS2-VASc, HAS-BLED, HATCH and ORBIT. Papers reporting data about scores and all-cause death rates were considered. Results Fifty studies and 71 scores groups were included in the analysis, with 669,217 patients. Data on ATRIA-Bleeding, CHADS2, CHA2DS2-VASc and HAS-BLED were available. All the scores were significantly associated with an increased risk for all-cause death. All the scores showed modest predictive ability at five years (c-indexes (95% confidence interval) CHADS2: 0.64 (0.63–0.65), CHA2DS2-VASc: 0.62 (0.61–0.64), HAS-BLED: 0.62 (0.58–0.66)). Network meta-regression found no significant differences in predictive ability. CHA2DS2-VASc score had consistently high negative predictive value (≥94%) at one, three and five years of follow-up; conversely it showed the highest probability of being the best performing score (63% at one year, 60% at three years, 68% at five years). Conclusion In atrial fibrillation patients, contemporary clinical risk scores are associated with an increased risk of all-cause death. Use of these scores for death prediction in atrial fibrillation patients could be considered as part of holistic clinical assessment. The CHA2DS2-VASc score had consistently high negative predictive value during follow-up and the highest probability of being the best performing clinical score.
Rising prevalence of celiac disease is not universal and repeated testing is needed for population screening
Authors: Levinson-Castiel Rachel , Eliakim Rami , Shinar Eilat , Perets Tsachi-Tsadok , Layfer Olga , Levhar Nina , Schvimer Michael , Marderfeld Luba , Ben-Horin Shomron , Shamir Raanan 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundRecent studies suggest that the prevalence of celiac disease is rising. We previously established the prevalence of celiac disease in healthy blood donors in 2002.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to examine whether the prevalence of celiac disease and celiac disease autoimmunity has changed over time by performing a similar prospective study.MethodsHealthy blood donors (n = 1908) were tested for tissue transglutaminase antibodies and for anti‐endomysial antibodies when positive. Further evaluation followed accepted criteria for diagnosis.ResultsOverall, 32 donors had abnormal tissue transglutaminase antibodies (1.68%). Eight donors had tissue transglutaminase antibodies >3 × upper limit of normal (0.42%), two of them with tissue transglutaminase antibodies >10 × upper limit of normal, while 24 donors had tissue transglutaminase antibodies <3 × upper limit of normal (1.26%). Most of the donors with positive tissue transglutaminase antibodies <3 × upper limit of normal had negative tissue transglutaminase antibodies levels on repeated testing (18/19). Celiac disease was diagnosed in four donors with positive tissue transglutaminase antibodies, establishing a prevalence of 1.68% (95% confidence interval 1.15–2.3) for celiac disease autoimmunity and 0.21% for celiac disease (95% confidence interval 0.07–0.5%).ConclusionThe prevalence of celiac disease in blood donors in Israel did not rise in the last 15 years, suggesting that the increased prevalence of diagnosed celiac disease is mainly due to increased awareness. As most of the donors with elevated tissue transglutaminase antibodies <3 × upper limit of normal were endomysial antibody negative and had a negative tissue transglutaminase antibodies result upon re‐testing, repeated tissue transglutaminase antibodies testing is required when screening asymptomatic populations for celiac disease.
Time Interval to Biochemical Failure as a Surrogate End Point in Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer: Analysis of Randomized Trial NRG/RTOG 9202
Authors: Dignam James J. , Hamstra Daniel A. , Lepor Herbert , Grignon David , Brereton Harmar , Currey Adam , Rosenthal Seth , Zeitzer Kenneth L. , Venkatesan Varagur M. , Horwitz Eric M. , Pisansky Thomas M. , Sandler Howard M. 
Published: December 2018

Background In prostate cancer, end points that reliably portend prognosis and treatment benefit (surrogate end points) can accelerate therapy development. Although surrogate end point candidates have been evaluated in the context of radiotherapy and short-term androgen deprivation (AD), potential surrogates under long-term (24 month) AD, a proven therapy in high-risk localized disease, have not been investigated. Materials and Methods In the NRG/RTOG 9202 randomized trial (N = 1,520) of short-term AD (4 months) versus long-term AD (LTAD; 28 months), the time interval free of biochemical failure (IBF) was evaluated in relation to clinical end points of prostate cancer–specific survival (PCSS) and overall survival (OS). Survival modeling and landmark analysis methods were applied to evaluate LTAD benefit on IBF and clinical end points, association between IBF and clinical end points, and the mediating effect of IBF on LTAD clinical end point benefits. Results LTAD was superior to short-term AD for both biochemical failure (BF) and the clinical end points. Men remaining free of BF for 3 years had relative risk reductions of 39% for OS and 73% for PCSS. Accounting for 3-year IBF status reduced the LTAD OS benefit from 12% (hazard ratio [HR], 0.88; 95% CI, 0.79 to 0.98) to 6% (HR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.07). For PCSS, the LTAD benefit was reduced from 30% (HR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.52 to 0.82) to 6% (HR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.72 to 1.22). Among men with BF, by 3 years, 50% of subsequent deaths were attributed to prostate cancer, compared with 19% among men free of BF through 3 years. Conclusion The IBF satisfied surrogacy criteria and identified the benefit of LTAD on disease-specific survival and OS. The IBF may serve as a valid end point in clinical trials and may also aid in risk monitoring after initial treatment.
Early Clinical and Economic Outcomes of Prophylactic and Acute Pathologic Fracture Treatment
Authors: Mosher Zachary A. , Patel Harshadkumar , Ewing Michael A. , Niemeier Thomas E. , Hess Matthew C. , Wilkinson Eric B. , McGwin Gerald , Ponce Brent A. , Patt Joshua C. 
Published: December 2018

INTRODUCTION:Pathologic fractures often contribute to adverse events in metastatic bone disease, and prophylactic fixation offers to mitigate their effects. This study aims to analyze patient selection, complications, and in-hospital costs that are associated with prophylactic fixation compared with traditional acute fixation after completed fracture.MATERIALS AND METHODS:The Nationwide Inpatient Sample database was queried from 2002 to 2014 for patients with major extremity pathologic fractures. Patients were divided by fixation technique (prophylactic or acute) and fracture location (upper or lower extremity). Patient demographics, comorbidities, complications, hospitalization length, and hospital charges were compared between cohorts. Preoperative variables were analyzed for potential confounding, and χ2tests and Student’s t tests were used to compare fixation techniques.RESULTS:Cumulatively, 43,920 patients were identified, with 14,318 and 28,602 undergoing prophylactic and acute fixation, respectively. Lower extremity fractures occurred in 33,582 patients, and 10,333 patients had upper extremity fractures. A higher proportion of prophylactic fixation patients were white ( P = .043), male ( P = .046), age 74 years or younger ( P < .001), and privately insured ( P < .001), with decreased prevalence of obesity ( P = .003) and/or preoperative renal disease ( P = .008). Prophylactic fixation was also associated with decreased peri- and postoperative blood transfusions ( P < .001), anemia ( P < .001), acute renal failure ( P = .010), and in-hospital mortality ( P = .031). Finally, prophylactic fixation had decreased total charges (−$3,405; P = .001), hospitalization length ( P = .004), and extended length of stay (greater than 75th percentile; P = .012).CONCLUSION:Prophylactic fixation of impending pathologic fractures is associated with decreased complications, hospitalization length, and total charges, and should be considered in appropriate patients.
IRS-1 increases TAZ expression and promotes osteogenic differentiation in rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Wang Na , Xue Peng , Li Ziyi , Li Yukun 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT
Whether insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) inhibits or promotes the osteogenic proliferation and differentiation in vitro remains controversial. Transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) plays a vital role in the osteogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), and strongly activates the expression of the osteogenic differentiation markers. In this study, we found that IRS-1 and TAZ followed similar increasing expression patterns at the early stage of osteogenic differentiation. Knocking down IRS-1 decreased the TAZ, RUNX2 and OCN expression, and overexpressing IRS induced the upregulation of the TAZ, RUNX2 and OCN expression. Furthermore, our results showed that it was LY294002 (the PI3K-Akt inhibitor), other than UO126 (the MEK-ERK inhibitor), that inhibited the IRS-1 induced upregulation of TAZ expression. Additionally, SiTAZ blocked the cell proliferation in G1 during the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Taken together, we provided evidence to demonstrate that IRS-1 gene modification facilitates the osteogenic differentiation of rat BMSCs by increasing TAZ expression through the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Identifikasi dan Analisis Filogenetik Portunus trituberculatus Dari Perairan Cirebon Menggunakan Barkode Gen COI Mitokondrial
Authors: Subagiyo Subagiyo , Handayani Retna , Rahayu Rahayu 
Published: December 2018

Phylogenetic Identification and Analysis Portunus trituberculatus from Cirebon Coast Using the COI Barcode Mitochondrial Portunus trituberculatus spesimen from Cirebon coast were successfully identified using mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxydase subunit I (COI) genes. Analysis of haplotype distribution of P. trituberculatus along with the same species from China, Korea, India and the Philippines obtained from NCBI gene banks resulted 17 haplotypes from 25 specimens. Haploid diversity was 0.943 + 0.031 and nucleotide diversity was 0.04821 + 0.0139. The Cirebon specimen is in separated haplotipe from the others. The results of phylogenetic analysis showed that the 25 specimens were clustered into 3 clusters in 2 different lineages with percentages genetic distance were 12.76%, 14.24% and 14.33% respectively. The genetic distance within each cluster ranges from 0 - 2.92%. The Cirebon crab specimen is in the same cluster as the Philippine specimen with 1% genetic distance. Spesimen rajungan Portunus trituberculatus dari perairan Cirebon berhasil diidentifikasi menggunakan gen mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI). Analisis distribusi haplotipe dengan data P trituberculatus yang berasal dari China, Korea, India dan Filipina yang diperoleh dari data genebank NCBI didapatkan 17 haplotipe dari 25 spesimen, dengan keragaman haploid 0,943 +0.031 dan keragaman nukleotida 0,04821+0.0139. Spesimen Cirebon merupakan haplotipe yang terpisah dari yang lainnya. Hasil kajian filogenetik menunjukkan 25 spesimen mengelompok ke dalam 3 kluster dari 2 garis keturunan yang berbeda dengan jarak genetik berturut turut 12,76 %, 14,24 % dan 14,33 %. Jarak genetik di dalam masing-masing kluster berkisar antara 0 – 2,92 %. Spesimen rajungan Cirebon berada pada garis keturunan dan kluster yang sama dengan spesimen Filipina dengan jarak genetik 1%.
Long-acting intramuscular ACTH stimulation test for the diagnosis of secondary adrenal insufficiency in children
Authors: Sharma Rajni , Madathil Shamnad , Maheshwari Vivek , Roy Kakali , Kumar Brijesh , Jain Vandana 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Background
The diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency (AI) is based on the basal and stimulated levels of serum cortisol in response to the short Synacthen test (SST). In patients with secondary AI (SAI) due to hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis defects, the SST has been validated against the insulin tolerance test (ITT), which is the gold standard. However, injection Synacthen is not easily available in some countries, and endocrinologists often use Acton-Prolongatum (intramuscular [IM] long-acting adrenocorticotropic hormone [ACTH]) in place of Synacthen. There are no studies validating the use of IM-ACTH in children with suspected AI. We evaluated the diagnostic value of the IM-ACTH test against the ITT for the diagnosis of SAI in children.

Methods
All children with suspected growth hormone deficiency (GHD) undergoing a routine ITT were evaluated using the IM-ACTH test within 1 week.

Results
Forty-eight patients (36 boys/12 girls, age range: 5–14 years) were evaluated using both the ITT and the IM-ACTH test. Twenty-eight patients had a normal cortisol response (≥18 μg/dL, 500 nmol/L) in the ITT and 20 had low values. In patients with a normal cortisol response on the ITT, the peak value obtained after the IM-ACTH test was higher than that on the ITT (28.7 μg/dL [± 8.8] vs. 23.8 μg/dL [± 4.54], respectively; p=0.0012). Compared to the ITT, the sensitivity and specificity of the IM-ACTH test for the diagnosis of SAI at cortisol cut-offs <18 μg/dL (500 nmol/L) and <22 μg/dL (600 nmol/L) were 57.1% and 92.8%, and 100% and 73.5%, respectively.

Conclusions
A peak cortisol value <18 μg/dL on the IM-ACTH test is highly suggestive of SAI, whereas a value >22 μg/dL rules out SAI.
Patch occupancy and activity pattern of the spotted paca (Cuniculus paca Linnaeus, 1766) in a protected area of the Atlantic Forest, Brazil
Authors: Ferreguetti Atilla C. , Tomas Walfrido M. , Bergallo Helena G. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The spotted paca Cuniculus paca (Linnaeus, 1766) is a medium-sized caviomorph rodent of the Cuniculidae family that mainly inhabits tropical forests, but may occur in other habitat types, often associated with water bodies. We aimed to verify which factors influence the spatial and temporal distribution of C. paca in the Vale Natural Reserve (VNR), Espírito Santo, Brazil. We used 39 camera traps to model occupancy and detectability and to estimate the species activity period. The spotted paca showed high occupancy at low distances from water resources and high densities of palm species. The species avoided areas with high poaching intensity, and activity frequency was reduced by extreme temperature and by a higher intensity of poaching. We conclude that in the VNR, the C. paca is a nocturnal species and that it is necessary to assess other elements that could potentially affect the spatial and temporal distribution of the spotted paca in the Atlantic Forest.
Nesting Monte Carlo for high-dimensional non-linear PDEs
Authors: Warin Xavier 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
A new method based on nesting Monte Carlo is developed to solve high-dimensional semi-linear PDEs.
Depending on the type of non-linearity, different schemes are proposed and
theoretically studied: variance error are given and it is shown that the bias of the schemes can be controlled.
The limitation of the method is that the maturity or the Lipschitz constants of the non-linearity should not be too high in order to avoid an explosion of the computational time.
Many numerical results are given in high dimension for cases where analytical solutions are available or where some solutions can be computed by deep-learning methods.
Crystal structure of 2-(piperidin-1-ium-4-yl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-3-ium dichloride dihydrate, C12H21Cl2N3O2
Authors: Cai Bin , Li Shu-Jing , Liu Gui-Jie , Shi Xiao-Ming , Du Chao-Jun 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
C12H21Cl2N3O2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 7.2704(7) Å, b = 11.4750(12) Å, c = 18.7004(19) Å, β = 95.475(2)°, V = 1553.0(3) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0372, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1022, T = 296(2) K.
Nasopharyngeal mites Halarachne halichoeri (Allman, 1847) parasitizing the gray seal Halichoerus grypus (Fabricius, 1791) in the Baltic Sea with notes on other parasitic Halarachnidae associated with marine mammals
Authors: Rolbiecki Leszek , Izdebska Joanna N. , Bidziński Konrad , Jankowska-Jarek Martyna 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Parasitic arthropods of marine mammals are relatively poorly understood, with the least amount of data on the occurrence of parasitic arthropods in these hosts. Thus far, only seal lice Echinophthirius horridus (von Olfers, 1816) have been found in the Baltic seals, while there was no information about the presence of parasitic mites in these mammals. The nasopharyngeal mite Halarachne halichoeri (Allman, 1847) has recently been found in the gray seal Halichoerus grypus (Fabricius, 1791), representing a new species (and new genus) for the Polish fauna. Sixty three specimens were found in the nasal cavity and the trachea, including 18 females and 45 males. This is also the first documented record of Halarachnidae in seals of the Baltic Sea. A checklist of parasitic Halarachnidae known from marine mammals is also provided.