bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Should We Tailor the Clinical Management of Erectile Dysfunction According to Different Ages?
Authors: Capogrosso Paolo , Ventimiglia Eugenio , Boeri Luca , Pozzi Edoardo , Chierigo Francesco , Schifano Nicolò , Abbate Costantino , Matloob Rayan , Montorsi Francesco , Salonia Andrea 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Introduction
The impact of erectile dysfunction (ED) on patients’ sexual satisfaction and mood profile could differ across different ages.

Aim
To investigate the relationship between erectile function (EF), sexual satisfaction, and mood status among patients seeking medical help for ED.

Methods
Data from 765 patients presenting at a single center for ED were analyzed. Patients were categorized as young (≤50 years), middle-aged (&gt;50 and ≤65 years), and old (&gt;65 years) individuals and completed the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) and the Beck’s Inventory for Depression (BDI).

Main Outcome Measures
The IIEF overall satisfaction and intercourse satisfaction domain scores and the BDI score were used to investigate sexual life satisfaction and depressive symptoms (defined as BDI &gt; 11) across ages and according to ED severity. Linear and logistic regression analyses assessed the relationship between satisfaction scores and the risk of depressive symptoms with age and EF.

Results
Median (interquartile range) age at first assessment for ED was 50 (38, 59) years. Compared with older men, young and middle-aged patients showed significantly higher IIEF-OS and IIEF– Intercourse Satisfaction scores for increasing IIEF-EF scores. Older men showed no difference in terms of satisfaction scores for mild ED and normal EF status. At linear regression analysis, both IIEF-EF and age were significantly associated with sexual satisfaction (all P &lt; .0001). The interaction term between age and EF was also significant, suggesting that the older the patients, the higher the feeling of sexual satisfaction for the same EF status (P = .004). Overall, 25% of patients reported depressive symptoms. Logistic regression analysis showed a 40% risk of depressive symptoms for patients &lt;45 years with severe ED compared to a risk &lt;20% for a man &gt;65 years of age with the same EF status.

Clinical Implications
Treating older patients with mild ED may not lead to a further improvement in sexual satisfaction as compared with younger patients with the same ED severity. Younger ED patients suffer more from depressive symptoms compared with older men, regardless of ED severity, thus supporting the need for a comprehensive psychological counseling.

Strength & Limitations
The single-center design and the lack of the assessment of the impact of ED treatment are the main limits.

Conclusions
The clinical management of ED should be tailored according to different ages: younger patients deserve to be investigated and eventually treated for depressive symptoms. Older patients should be counseled for treatment when a sexual satisfaction improvement is expected.
A model of lipid dysregulation and altered nutrient status in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Fluegge Keith 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIntroductionDysregulated lipid metabolism and nutrient status are thought to play a role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the precise involvement is not well understood, and it remains unclear exactly how such dysregulated lipid metabolism and altered nutrient status, especially changes in phosphatidylcholine, B12, and folate, are connected to the hallmark pathology in AD (i.e., amyloidogenesis).MethodsWe have postulated that genetic susceptibility (i.e., APOE ε4/ε4) to environmental exposure to emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O) could underlie the onset of AD and its early neuropsychiatric correlatesResults and DiscussionThe current theoretical editorial describes, using clinical, preclinical, and in vitro evidences, how this model contributes not only to amyloidogenesis but also other nonopioid effects, specifically altered lipid metabolism, depletion of vitamin B12, and disruption of the folate‐mediated one carbon metabolic pathway.
Combustion instability characteristics in a dump combustor using different hydrocarbon fuels
Authors: Hwang D. , Song Y. , Ahn K. 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTThe combustion instability characteristics in a model dump combustor with an exhaust nozzle were experimentally investigated. The first objective was to understand the effects of operating conditions and geometric conditions on combustion instability. The second objective was to examine more generalised parameters that affect the onset of combustion instability. Three different premixed gases consisting of air and hydrocarbon fuels (C2H4, C2H6, C3H8) were burnt in the dump combustor at various inlet velocity, equivalence ratio and combustion chamber length. Dynamic pressure transducer and photomultiplier tube with a bandpass filter were used to measure pressure fluctuation and CH* chemiluminescence data. Peak frequencies and their maximum power spectral densities of pressure fluctuations at same equivalence ratios showed different trends for each fuel. However, the dynamic combustion characteristics of pressure fluctuations displayed consistent results under similar characteristics chemistry times regardless of the used hydrocarbon fuels. The results showed that characteristic chemistry time and characteristic convection time influenced combustion instabilities. It was found that the convective-acoustic combustion instability could be prevented by increasing the characteristic chemistry time and characteristic convection time.
Pulmonary artery catheter epidemiology of risk in pre–heart-transplant recipients
Authors: Yetmar Zachary A , Lahr Brian , O’Horo John , Behfar Atta , Sampathkumar Priya , Beam Elena 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjective:Central-line–associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) are a known complication of central venous access. Pulmonary artery catheters (PAC) are frequently used in pre–heart-transplant patients, but the rate of CLABSI in this population is unknown. We sought to estimate the rate of CLABSI and identify factors associated with development of infection in patients actively listed for heart transplantation with a PAC.Design:Retrospective cohort study.Setting:This study was conducted in 3 intensive care units at an academic tertiary-care center in Minnesota.Patients:61 pre–heart-transplant patients in an intensive care unit with a PAC in place from January 2013 to December 2016, totaling 219 PACs.Methods:At-risk patients, pertinent risk factors, and demographic data were obtained using Mayo Clinic’s Unified Data Platform. CLABSIs were identified through internal infection prevention and control data. Characteristics of PAC use and infection rate were collected and analyzed using Kaplan-Meier estimates and time-dependent Cox models.Results:Among pre–heart-transplant patients with a PAC, there were 14 CLABSIs, for an infection rate of 5.46 of 1,000 PAC days (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.98–9.15). The most common causative organism was coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (79%). In unadjusted analyses, CLABSI was associated with shorter time to transplant (hazard ratio [HR], 2.49; P = .027), but not mortality (HR, 1.79; P = .355).Conclusions:The rate of CLABSI with PAC is high. Prolonged PAC use in the pre–heart-transplant population should be revisited.
Non-canonical Hamiltonian structure and Poisson bracket for two-dimensional hydrodynamics with free surface
Authors: Dyachenko A. I. , Lushnikov P. M. , Zakharov V. E. 
Published: April 2019

We consider the Euler equations for the potential flow of an ideal incompressible fluid of infinite depth with a free surface in two-dimensional geometry. Both gravity and surface tension forces are taken into account. A time-dependent conformal mapping is used which maps the lower complex half-plane of the auxiliary complex variable $w$ into the fluid’s area, with the real line of $w$ mapped into the free fluid’s surface. We reformulate the exact Eulerian dynamics through a non-canonical non-local Hamiltonian structure for a pair of the Hamiltonian variables. These two variables are the imaginary part of the conformal map and the fluid’s velocity potential, both evaluated at the fluid’s free surface. The corresponding Poisson bracket is non-degenerate, i.e. it does not have any Casimir invariant. Any two functionals of the conformal mapping commute with respect to the Poisson bracket. The new Hamiltonian structure is a generalization of the canonical Hamiltonian structure of Zakharov (J. Appl. Mech. Tech. Phys., vol. 9(2), 1968, pp. 190–194) which is valid only for solutions for which the natural surface parametrization is single-valued, i.e. each value of the horizontal coordinate corresponds only to a single point on the free surface. In contrast, the new non-canonical Hamiltonian equations are valid for arbitrary nonlinear solutions (including multiple-valued natural surface parametrization) and are equivalent to the Euler equations. We also consider a generalized hydrodynamics with the additional physical terms in the Hamiltonian beyond the Euler equations. In that case we identify powerful reductions that allow one to find general classes of particular solutions.
Late Pleistocene marine resources from the Bering Glacier Foreland and human coastal migration in the northern Gulf of Alaska region
Authors: Yesner David R. , Pasch Anne D. , Crossen Kristine J. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractRecent research on the Bering Glacier forelands in the northern Gulf of Alaska provides new insights into late Pleistocene/early Holocene shorelines, providing a favorable route for human migration as early as ~16,000 cal yr BP. This route included an irregular coastline with embayments and islands offering protection from the open ocean; edible marine invertebrates dating from 15,000 to 5,500 cal yr BP; and marine vertebrates dating as early as 16,000 cal yr BP. The latter included walrus (Odobenus rosmarus), bearded seal (Erignathus barbatus), and ringed seal (Phoca cf. hispida), all associated with pack ice conditions unlike those present today. While this ecosystem could have supported humans migrating along the coastline, and coastal refugia may have existed elsewhere in the region, coastal archaeological sites in the northern Gulf of Alaska and southwest Alaska are no older than ~9,500 cal yr BP. This suggests that the earliest sites have been eroded or destroyed, that the earliest migrants ignored available marine resources, and/or that these migrants did not use a coastal route. In contrast, the earliest archaeological sites in southeast Alaska date to ~12,500 cal yr BP, suggesting migration from interior Alaska to the coast somewhere east of the Copper River delta.
Why does Aristotle think bees are divine? Proportion, triplicity and order in the natural world
Authors: LEHOUX DARYN 
Published: April 2019

AbstractConcluding his discussion of bee reproduction in Book 3 ofGeneration of Animals, Aristotle makes a famous methodological pronouncement about the relationship between sense perception and theory in natural history. In the very next sentence, he casually remarks that the unique method of reproduction that he finds in bees should not be surprising, since bees have something ‘divine’ about them. Although the methodological pronouncement gets a fair bit of scholarly attention, and although Aristotle's theological commitments in cosmology and metaphysics are well known, scholars have almost universally passed over the comment about bees and divinity in silence. This paper aims to show why that comment is no mere throwaway, and offers an exploration and elaboration of the ways in which divinity operates even at fairly mundane levels in his natural philosophy, as an important Aristotelian explanation for order, proportion and rationality, even in the lowest of animals.
PARABOLIC SUBROOT SYSTEMS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS
Authors: BURNS JOHN M. , MAKROONI MOHAMMAD A. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn this note we consider parabolic subroot systems of a complex simple Lie Algebra. We describe root theoretic data of the subroot systems in terms of that of the root system and we give a selection of applications of our results to the study of generalized flag manifolds.
Comparison of an on-farm point-of-care diagnostic with conventional culture in analysing bovine mastitis samples
Authors: Jones Geoff , Bork Olaf , Ferguson Scott A , Bates Andrew 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe performance of a new point-of-care diagnostic (Mastatest), an on-farm test designed to identify bacteria and provide antibiotic sensitivity testing information from milk samples, was compared with standard microbiological culture methods. A total of 292 milk samples from clinical mastitis cases in dairy cows on New Zealand dairy farms were examined, and latent class analysis was used to estimate the performance characteristics of both tests. Two hundred and fifty-six samples (87.7%) demonstrated bacterial infection in standard culture, and 269 (92.1%) using the point-of-care diagnostic. The most common bacterial species detected was Streptococcus uberis, found in 195 samples (66.8%) using standard culture and 190 samples (65.1%) using the point-of-care diagnostic. Latent class analysis found no significant differences in test characteristics between the point-of-care diagnostic and standard culture. The estimated sensitivity and specificity of the point-of-care diagnostic against all targets combined were 94.6 and 72.1% respectively; the corresponding estimates for standard culture were 90.5 and 73.9%. Comparison of antibiotic susceptibility testing using the point-of-care diagnostic and the reference method showed similar trends and, in some cases, identical MIC50 and MIC90 values, with at most one antibiotic dilution difference.
Milk β-hydroxybutyrate concentration measured by Fourier-transform infrared and flow-injection analyses from samples taken at different times relative to milking
Authors: Duplessis Mélissa , Santschi Débora E. , Plante Sabrina , Bergeron Camille , Lefebvre Daniel M. , Durocher Jean , Cue Roger I. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAnalysis of milk BHB concentration by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry more frequently than regular milk testing could help dairy producers in decision making, particularly if it would be possible to use small hand-stripped samples (hereinafter simply called samples) taken between dairy herd improvement (DHI) test-samples analysed using DHI algorithms. The aim of this Research Communication was to evaluate milk BHB concentration and the prevalence of elevated milk BHB concentration analysed by FTIR spectrometry compared with flow-injection analysis (SKALAR) from samples taken at different times relative to the milking. A total of 293 early-lactation cows in 44 commercial dairy herds were involved in the study. Herds were visited once during the morning milking when a routine DHI test-sample was obtained using in-line milk samplers. Additional milk samples were taken by hand stripping as follows: (1) Just before connecting the milking machine; (2) immediately after removing the milking machine; (3) 3 h after milking and (4) 6 h after milking. Milk samples were analysed for BHB concentration by FTIR and SKALAR, the latter being the reference method. Milk BHB concentration from samples taken before milking was different between FTIR and SKALAR whereas no difference was noted for other sampling times, although milk BHB concentration rose as time after milking increased. Except for DHI test-samples for which prevalence was not different between analysis methods, prevalence of elevated milk BHB concentration (≥0.15 mmol/l) was greater for FTIR analysis. However, no difference in prevalence was observed between SKALAR and FTIR when using a threshold of ≥0.20 mmol/l. In summary, hand-stripped milk samples taken any time after removing the milking machine until 6 h after the milking can be recommended for FTIR analysis of elevated milk BHB concentration prevalence provided a threshold of 0.20 mmol/l is used.
Analysis of fatty acid profile in milk fat of Wallachian sheep during lactation
Authors: Ptáček Martin , Milerski Michal , Ducháček Jaromír , Schmidová Jitka , Tančin Vladimír , Uhrinčať Michal , Stádník Luděk , Michlová Tereza 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn this Research Communication we evaluate the fatty acid (FA) profile of Wallachian sheep milk. The study was performed on 38 ewes in Beskydy Mountains. Samples were collected 4 times during the lactation, at monthly intervals. FA profile as well as groups of saturated, monounsaturated (MUFA), and polyunsaturated (PUFA) FAs were investigated. Considerable increase over the lactation was detected for lauric, myristic, myristoleic and palmitic acids, while stearic acid showed the opposed tendency. Variability, supported by significant differences among particular days of milk collection, was demonstrated for oleic acid; its highest distribution occurred at the beginning and at the end of the trial. The highest distribution of CLA was at the second sample day. Milk of Wallachian sheep naturally grazed at permanent pasture areas showed higher content of PUFA and MUFA in contrast with intensive or semi-intensive sheep breeds reported in the literature.
Cultures de l'écrit en Afrique. Anciens débats, nouveaux objets
Authors: Ficquet Éloi 
Published: April 2019

Ce dossier consacré aux cultures écrites en Afriqueentend ouvrir une fenetre sur les connaissances produites sur et a partir des sociétés africaines en se concentrant sur un objet transversal qui présente la caractéristique de ne pas etre traumatique, contrairement aux questions par lesquelles les problématiques concernant l’Afrique sont généralement posées (l’esclavage, les migrations, les crises humanitaires, les faillites politiques, etc.). Il s’agit d’explorer plusieurs formes et usages de l’écrit en Afrique et de les mettre en perspective selon différentes approches.Ce theme pourrait apparaître comme un combat de plus contre une des nombreuses idées reçues au sujet de ce continent, celle selon laquelle la plupart des sociétés d’Afrique au sud du Sahara auraient ignoré l’usage de l’écriture et se seraient par conséquent privées d’un instrument de transmission et de transformation cognitive et sociale. Les preuves a l’encontre de cette conception qui a la vie dure ne sont plus d’une grande nouveauté. L’enjeu des travaux sur l’écrit en Afrique n’est plus la et c’est ce que ce dossier veut montrer. Ces toutes dernieres années, des séries significatives de découvertes d’objets inédits, de déplacements de pistes de recherches, d’échanges interdisciplinaires se sont produites dans les « humanités africaines ».
Itinéraires de sable: Parole, geste et écrit au Soudan central au XIXesiècle
Authors: Lefebvre Camille 
Published: April 2019

RésuméInsérée dans un projet scientifique global de découverte, de mesure et de parcours de l’ensemble du monde, l’exploration de l’Afrique de l’Ouest a pour objectif de révéler à la science européenne le plus grand nombre d’espaces possibles, par le parcours et la compilation de données géographiques. Ce projet pousse les explorateurs à recueillir auprès des populations locales des éléments de leurs savoirs géographiques. De leurs voyages, certains ont rapporté des itinéraires et des cartes réalisés par leurs informateurs africains. Ces matériaux hybrides reflets de l’interaction et des enjeux de cette rencontre permettent de questionner les usages sociaux de l’écrit au Soudan central au XIXesiècle. À partir de l’analyse de ces documents et des pratiques dont ils sont issus, il est possible de comprendre les liens entre formes d’écriture, parole et geste. Cette observation d’un usage social de l’écrit et des pratiques qui l’entoure révèle l’imbrication de ces trois sphères et invite à rouvrir le débat sur la culture écrite dans l’Afrique musulmane du XIXesiècle.
Dieu par décret: Les écritures d'un prophète africain
Authors: Bonhomme Julien 
Published: April 2019

RésuméCet article s’intéresse à d’étranges graffitis qui couvrent les murs de Libreville (Gabon). Leur scripteur, André Ondo Mba, est un personnage excentrique, prophete autoproclamé qui prétend accomplir la création divine à travers ses écritures publiques. Ses graffitis manifestent, sous une forme excessive, une idéologie de l’écriture dont l’origine est à chercher dans la situation coloniale, notamment dans les deux pivots du pouvoir colonial que sont la mission et l’administration. Situés au croisement du document officiel et des Écritures saintes, les graffitis d’Ondo Mba possedent en outre une forte charge contestataire : ils défient les autorités en place. Toute la question est alors de savoir si Ondo Mba parvient à faire entendre son message. L’article s’intéresse ainsi à la réception des graffitis. Aussi extravagante soit-elle, la mythologie personnelle d’Ondo Mba fait appel a un imaginaire, notamment politico-religieux, qui trouve en réalité de nombreux échos dans la société gabonaise contemporaine.
Empire, droits et citoyenneté, de 212 à 1946
Authors: Burbank Jane , Cooper Frederick 
Published: April 2019

RésuméEn 1946, alors que l’Assemblée nationale constituante française débattait des articles relatifs à la nouvelle Constitution de l’empire français outre-mer, un député évoqua le précédent de l’empereur romain Caracalla, qui avait accordé la citoyenneté romaine à tous les hommes libres de l’empire en 212 de notre ère. Cet exemple prouvait qu’il était possible d’être citoyen d’un empire sans pour autant renoncer aux « civilisations locales ». Les auteurs étudient les différentes significations de la citoyenneté et des droits au sein des empires, en s’appuyant sur deux modèles distincts – un modèle romain et un modèle eurasien – et en s’attachant à différents exemples en Russie impériale, en URSS, et dans la France du XXe siècle. L’étude va au-delà de l’association communément établie entre citoyenneté et État-nation, et entre droits et démocratie. La construction et le maintien d’un empire supposaient d’intégrer des peuples divers au sein d’une unité politique, tout en maintenant des éléments de distinction et de hiérarchie. Le fait qu’une république du XXe siècle puisse évoquer un précédent remontant à l’époque classique montre à quel point l’imaginaire et les structures impériales ont gardé leur importance. Cet article plaide en faveur de la reconnaissance de la vaste palette de modalités selon laquelle l’appartenance politique, la différence culturelle et les droits peuvent être analysés, envisagés et compris.
L’Autriche-Hongrie était-elle un empire ?
Authors: Judson Pieter M. 
Published: April 2019

RésuméLes propagandistes nationalistes, de même que de nombreux historiens, persistent à considérer l’Autriche-Hongrie comme un empire, selon un schéma traditionnel. Cela contribue à renforcer les théories traditionnelles selon lesquelles l’Europe de l’Est serait d’une certaine façon en retard, semi-orientale et fondamentalement différente d’un « Occident » démocratique défini de manière nationale. Cependant, une analyse minutieuse des structures constitutionnelles et des formes de citoyenneté révèle qu’après le compromis de 1867, l’Autriche-Hongrie n’avait plus grand-chose en commun avec les autres empires continentaux. Elle constituait de fait à peine un État unifié, et encore moins un empire. Après 1867, la Hongrie était essentiellement un État-nation tandis que l’Autriche développait un système politique pluraliste dans lequel aucune nationalité n’était dominante. Cet article analyse la formation conjointe du concept d’« empire » par les nationalistes et les loyalistes favorables aux Habsbourg, à la fois en Autriche-Hongrie et dans les États qui lui ont succédé, dans le but de contrer les puissants récits nationalistes sur cette région.