bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical treatment of liver metastases from kidney cancer: a systematic review
Authors: Pinotti Enrico , Montuori Mauro , Giani Alessandro , Uggeri Fabio , Garancini Mattia , Gianotti Luca , Romano Fabrizio 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundLiver metastases are present in 20.3% of metastatic kidney cancers. The aim of this literature review was to assess the efficacy of surgical treatment for hepatic metastasis from kidney cancer.MethodsAn extended web search of the literature was independently performed in March 2018 by two authors according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses) statement.ResultsThrough electronic searches, we identified 935 potentially relevant citations. Thirteen articles were finally included in the systematic review. Median survival after resection ranged from 15 to 142 months while the 1‐, 3‐ and 5‐year overall survival ranged from 69% to 100%, 26% to 83.3% and 0% to 62%, respectively. Median disease‐free survival ranged from 7.2 to 27 months.ConclusionSurgical treatment of hepatic metastases is performed in approximately 1% of patients with liver metastases and in select patients may be potentially curative. Surgical resection of liver metastases from kidney cancer represents a valid option for selected patients with metastatic renal cancer.
Evaluation of website information provided by paediatric surgery centres in Australia and New Zealand
Authors: Meiyappan Vivek , Little Timothy A. , Jackson Paul 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundHospital websites are an important source of information for patients, parents and healthcare providers. There are currently no standardized recommendations for the information provided on paediatric surgery websites. We aimed to assess the information available on each hospital website, in Australia and New Zealand, which provides paediatric surgical care.MethodsGoogle search was performed of the 16 paediatric surgical centres in Australia and New Zealand to determine whether they had a hospital website and to assess its contents. The presence of patient fact sheets and clinical practice guidelines was recorded. Access to contact information, hospital Facebook page and Twitter handles were noted.ResultsWe found that 11 (69%) centres had a specific paediatric surgical section to the hospital website, all provided contact information. Five centres (31%) had paediatric‐specific guidelines available for health professionals. Six websites (37.5%) provided health information sheets on common paediatric surgical conditions. Facebook and Twitter facilities were present on the majority of the websites (75%).ConclusionThe internet presence of paediatric surgery in Australia and New Zealand is sparse. One‐third of centres do not have hospital web presence. The availability of clinical guidelines and patient information sheets on hospital websites is limited. Our findings would suggest that improvement and increase in the internet presence of paediatric surgery in Australia and New Zealand is needed.
Does knee position during wound closure alter patella height following total knee arthroplasty?
Authors: Clark Shane , Tee Lawrence , Sutherland Alasdair 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundPatella infera is a known complication of total knee arthroplasty, and the method of soft tissue closure is a possible contributing factor. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of knee position during surgical closure of capsule, subcutaneous tissue and skin on patella tendon length after total knee arthroplasty.MethodsA three arm retrospective cohort study was conducted in a single institution over a 3‐year period; 75 patients were divided, by surgeon preference, into three groups (Flexed, Extended and Hybrid) of 25 patients. All groups had standardized prosthesis, intraoperative and postoperative protocols, and differed in knee position at closure. Patellar tendon length was assessed radiologically using Insall Salvati ratio (ISR) and modified Insall Salvati ratio, with a 12‐month follow‐up. Intraclass correlation coefficients were used to assess intraobserver variability.ResultsThere was a small but significant difference in preoperative to initial postoperative ISR change between Flexed and Extended groups (Extended group mean ISR change = −0.05; t = −2.31, P = 0.025, independent samples t‐test), which was not sustained at 12 months. The incidence of patella infera was similar in Flexed and Extended groups at 12 months with only one case seen in the Hybrid group.ConclusionOur study suggests that knee position during soft tissue closure does not have a sustained impact on patella tendon length after knee replacement. A small but statistically significant reduction in patella height was found in the Extended group initially after surgery but this effect was not sustained at 12 months.
Selective versus standard cerebro‐myocardial perfusion in neonates undergoing aortic arch repair: A multi‐center study
Authors: Luciani Giovanni Battista , Hoxha Stiljan , Angeli Emanuela , Petridis Francesco , Careddu Lucio , Rungatscher Alessio , Caputo Massimo , Gargiulo Gaetano 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe results of neonatal aortic arch surgery using cerebro‐myocardial perfusion were analyzed. Selective cerebral and myocardial perfusion, using two separate pump rotors, was compared with standard perfusion, using a single pump rotor with an arterial line Y‐connector. Between May 2008 and May 2016, 69 consecutive neonates underwent arch repair using either selective cerebro‐myocardial perfusion (Group A, n = 34) or standard perfusion (Group B, n = 35). The groups were similar for age, weight, BSA, prevalence of one‐stage or staged repair, and single ventricle palliation; male gender was more frequent in Group A. The duration of the cerebro‐myocardial perfusion was comparable (27 ± 8 vs. 28 ± 7 min, P = 0.9), with higher flows in Group A (57 ± 27 vs. 39 ± 19 mL/kg/min, P = 0.01). Although cardioplegic arrest was more common in Group B (13/34 vs. 23/35, P = 0.03), the duration of myocardial ischemia was longer in Group A (64 ± 41 vs. 44 ± 14 min, P = 0.04). There was 1 hospital death in each group, with no permanent neurological injury in either group. Cardiac morbidity (1/34 vs. 7/35, P = 0.02) was more common in Group B, while extracardiac morbidity was similar in both the groups. During follow‐up (3.2 ± 2.4 years), 5 late deaths occurred with a comparable 5‐year survival rate (75 ± 17% vs. 88 ± 6%, P = 0.7) and freedom from arch reintervention (86 ± 6% vs. 84 ± 7%, P = 0.6). Risk of cardiac morbidity was greater with standard cerebro‐myocardial perfusion (OR = 5.2, CI 3.3–6.8, P = 0.001) and with perfusion flows less than 50 mL/kg/min (OR 3.7, CI 1.87–5.95, P = 0.04). Cerebro‐myocardial perfusion is a safe and effective strategy to protect the brain and heart in neonates undergoing arch repair. Selective techniques using higher perfusion flows may further attenuate cardiac morbidity.
Lifestyle factors during acute Epstein–Barr virus infection in adolescents predict physical activity six months later
Authors: Pedersen Maria , Asprusten Tarjei Tørre , Godang Kristin , Leegaard Truls Michael , Osnes Liv Toril , Skovlund Eva , Tjade Trygve , Øie Merete Glenne , Wyller Vegard Bruun Bratholm 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimAcute Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection is a trigger of prolonged fatigue. This study investigated baseline predictors of physical activity six months after an acute EBV infection.MethodsA total of 200 adolescents (12–20 years old) with acute EBV infection were assessed for 149 possible baseline predictors and followed prospectively. In this exploratory study, we performed linear regression analysis to assess possible associations between baseline predictors and steps per day at six months.ResultsIn the final multiple linear regression model, physical activity six months after acute EBV infection was significantly and independently predicted by baseline physical activity (steps per day), substance use (alcohol and illicit drugs) and human growth hormone (adjusted R2 = 0.20).ConclusionBaseline physical activity, substance use and plasma growth hormone are independent predictors of physical activity six months after an acute EBV infection in adolescents, whereas markers of the infection and associated immune response do not seem to be associated with physical activity six months later.
The efficacy of micro‐insulated needle radiofrequency system for the treatment of lower eyelid fat bulging
Authors: Shin Jung‐Won , Park Jung‐Tae , Chae Je‐Byeong , Choi Ji‐Young , Na Jung‐Im , Park Kyoung‐Chan , Huh Chang‐Hun 
Published: January 2019

SummaryBackground and objectivesConventional treatment options for eyelid fat bulging are generally limited to surgical approaches. However, many attempts have been made recently to manage this disfigurement using non‐surgical interventions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a micro‐insulated needle radiofrequency system for the treatment of lower eyelid fat bulging.MethodsThis is a single center pre‐post comparative study. Twenty‐two subjects with lower eyelid fat bulging were treated twice using the needle radiofrequency system, at an interval of four weeks. Two types of partially insulated needles with different lengths were used in each session. A three‐dimensional photogrammetry system was used to objectively measure changes in the extent of the fat bulge. The investigator's global assessment (IGA) of the severity of fat bulging was also evaluated.ResultsThe average extent of fat bulging was decreased significantly after twelve weeks, and was maintained until 24 weeks. The IGA score was significantly decreased after four weeks and further decreased after twelve weeks, and then maintained until 24 weeks. There were no side effects, except for lower eyelid swelling and bruising that lasted for about a week.ConclusionThe micro‐insulated needle radiofrequency system can be a beneficial and well‐tolerated treatment for lower eyelid fat bulging.
Lifelong learning among older professionals: How competence strategies and perceptions of professional learning affect pastors’ participation
Authors: Carlsten Tone Cecilie , Olsen Dorothy Sutherland 
Published: January 2019

AbstractOne of the challenges of keeping older employees up to date and ensuring their continued involvement in the workplace is to provide them with relevant learning opportunities. This article aims to understand the usefulness of the concept of LLL for a group of older employees (50+). This is done using interviews and a document study on the Church of Norway (CofN) to understand how the concept of LLL is interpreted and acted upon by employers and older pastors. We assume that changes occurring outside the Church provoke the need for new knowledge and new ways of working. We ask how these older professionals perceive their learning opportunities and try to ascertain how the concept of LLL is helping them to tackle the ongoing changes. The article adds to the research on the interplay between competence strategies of employers and attitudes of older employees in a well‐established profession. Results of our study show that new strategies open up for greater participation. However, older pastors’ greatest motivation for learning seems to be their ordination vows, which include a commitment to continued learning through personal studies. This influences the kind of activities in which they participate, their expectations concerning the recognition of their learning and their views on the Church as a learning organisation. We conclude that older pastors do benefit from LLL initiatives in the workplace, but they also benefit from belonging to a profession with a conscious commitment to learning.
Voxel‐based morphometric magnetic resonance imaging postprocessing in non‐lesional pediatric epilepsy patients using pediatric normal databases
Authors: Wang W. , Lin Y. , Wang S. , Jones S. , Prayson R. , Moosa A. N. V. , McBride A. , Gonzalez‐Martinez J. , Bingaman W. , Najm I. , Alexopoulos A. ,   Pediatric Imaging, Neurocognition and Genetics Study, Wang Z. I. 
Published: January 2019

Background and purposePre‐surgical evaluation of pediatric patients with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy and negative (non‐lesional) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is particularly challenging. Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD), a frequent pathological substrate in such setting, may be subtle on MRI and evade detection. The aim of this study was to use voxel‐based MRI postprocessing to improve the detection of subtle FCD in pediatric surgical candidates.MethodsA consecutive cohort of pediatric patients undergoing pre‐surgical evaluation with a negative MRI by visual analysis was included. MRI postprocessing was performed using a voxel‐based morphometric analysis program (MAP) on T1‐weighted volumetric MRI, with comparison to an age‐specific normal pediatric database. The pertinence of MAP‐positive areas was confirmed by surgical outcome and pathology.ResultsA total of 78 patients were included. Forty‐four patients (56%) had positive MAP regions. Complete resection of the MAP‐positive regions was positively associated with seizure‐free outcome compared with the no/partial resection group (P < 0.001). Patients with no/partial resection of the MAP‐positive regions had worse seizure outcomes than the MAP‐negative group (P = 0.002). The MAP‐positive rate was 100%, 77%, 63% and 40% in the 3–5, 5–10, 10–15 and 15–21 year age groups, respectively. MAP‐positive rates were 45% in patients with temporal resection and 63% in patients with extratemporal resection. Complete resection of the MAP‐positive regions was positively associated with seizure‐free outcome in the extratemporal group (P = 0.001) but not in the temporal group (P = 0.070).ConclusionOur data suggest the importance of using MRI postprocessing in the pre‐surgical evaluation process of pediatric epilepsy patients with apparently normal MRI.
Linking genotype to phenotype to identify genetic variation relating to host susceptibility in the mountain pine beetle system
Authors: Cullingham Catherine I. , Peery Rhiannon M. , Fortier Colleen E. , Mahon Elizabeth L. , Cooke Janice E. K. , Coltman David W. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIdentifying genetic variants responsible for phenotypic variation under selective pressure has the potential to enable productive gains in natural resource conservation and management. Despite this potential, identifying adaptive candidate loci is not trivial, and linking genotype to phenotype is a major challenge in contemporary genetics. Many of the population genetic approaches commonly used to identify adaptive candidates will simultaneously detect false positives, particularly in nonmodel species, where experimental evidence is seldom provided for putative roles of the adaptive candidates identified by outlier approaches. In this study, we use outcomes from population genetics, phenotype association, and gene expression analyses as multiple lines of evidence to validate candidate genes. Using lodgepole and jack pine as our nonmodel study species, we analyzed 17 adaptive candidate loci together with 78 putatively neutral loci at 58 locations across Canada (N > 800) to determine whether relationships could be established between these candidate loci and phenotype related to mountain pine beetle susceptibility. We identified two candidate loci that were significant across all population genetic tests, and demonstrated significant changes in transcript abundance in trees subjected to wounding or inoculation with the mountain pine beetle fungal associate Grosmannia clavigera. Both candidates are involved in central physiological processes that are likely to be invoked in a trees response to stress. One of these two candidate loci showed a significant association with mountain pine beetle attack status in lodgepole pine. The spatial distribution of the attack‐associated allele further coincides with other indicators of susceptibility in lodgepole pine. These analyses, in which population genetics was combined with laboratory and field experimental validation approaches, represent first steps toward linking genetic variation to the phenotype of mountain pine beetle susceptibility in lodgepole and jack pine, and provide a roadmap for more comprehensive analyses.
The impact of carbonylated proteins on the skin and potential agents to block their effects
Authors: Yamawaki Yumiko , Mizutani Taeko , Okano Yuri , Masaki Hitoshi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractCarbonylated proteins (CPs) are synthesized by reactions between amino groups in proteins and reactive aldehyde compounds (RAC) yielded from lipid peroxidation initiated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). In the skin, CPs are detected in a higher frequency at sun‐exposed sites of the skin in elderly subjects. Since CPs in the stratum corneum (SC) have been reported to correlate with skin water content and transepidermal water loss, it is considered that the accumulation of CPs in the SC involves the loss of skin moisture functions. However, the roles of CPs in the dermis on skin physiology are still unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the roles of CPs in the dermis during the progression of photoaged skin and to propose a method to prevent or reduce the synthesis of CPs. The exposure of human normal dermal fibroblasts to CPs increased intracellular ROS levels and the synthesis of intracellular CPs. In addition, CPs caused morphological changes of fibroblasts. Furthermore, CPs caused alterations of mRNA expression levels of dermal matrix‐related proteins, such as upregulating MMP‐1 and IL‐8. These results indicated that CPs disrupt construction of the dermal matrix. On the other hand, α‐tocopherol and β‐carotene suppressed the synthesis of RAC during lipid peroxidation which resulted in the reduction of UVA‐induced CPs in the SC. From these results, we propose that extracellular CPs increase intracellular ROS levels and contribute to alterations of the dermal matrix. To prevent the synthesis of CPs, the application of α‐tocopherol or β‐carotene could be effective.
Mechanisms of repigmentation induced by photobiomodulation therapy in vitiligo
Authors: Yu Sebastian , Lan Cheng‐Che E. , Yu Hsin‐Su 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPhotobiomodulation (PBM) therapy is based on the exposure of biological tissues to low‐level laser light (coherent light) or light‐emitting diodes (LEDs; noncoherent light), leading to the modulation of cellular functions, such as proliferation and migration, which result in tissue regeneration. PBM therapy has important clinical applications in regenerative medicine. Vitiligo is an acquired depigmentary disorder resulting from disappearance of functional melanocytes in the involved skin. Vitiligo repigmentation depends on available melanocytes derived from (a) melanocyte stem cells located in the bulge area of hair follicles and (b) the epidermis at the lesional borders, which contains a pool of functional melanocytes. Since follicular melanoblasts (MBs) are derived from the melanocyte stem cells residing at the bulge area of hair follicle, the process of vitiligo repigmentation presents a research model for studying the regenerative effect of PBM therapy. Previous reports have shown favourable response for treatment of vitiligo with a low‐energy helium‐neon (He‐Ne) laser. This review focuses on the molecular events that took place during the repigmentation process of vitiligo triggered by He‐Ne laser (632.8 nm, red light). Monochromatic radiation in the visible and infrared A (IRA) range sustains matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), improves mitochondrial function, and increases adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis and O2 consumption, which lead to cellular regenerative pathways. Cytochrome c oxidase in the mitochondria was reported to be the photoacceptor upon which He‐Ne laser exerts its effects. Mitochondrial retrograde signalling is responsible for the cellular events by red light. This review shows that He‐Ne laser initiated mitochondrial retrograde signalling via a Ca2+‐dependent cascade. The impact on cytochrome c oxidase within the mitochondria, an event that results in activation of CREB (cyclic‐AMP response element binding protein)‐related cascade, is responsible for the He‐Ne laser promoting functional development at different stages of MBs and boosting functional melanocytes. He‐Ne laser irradiation induced (a) melanocyte stem cell differentiation; (b) immature outer root sheath MB migration; (c) differentiated outer root sheath MB melanogenesis and migration; and (d) perilesional melanocyte migration and proliferation. These photobiomodulation effects result in perifollocular and marginal repigmentation in vitiligo.
Facial site distribution of basal cell carcinoma in Japanese
Authors: Oda Takao , Kato Hiroshi , Watanabe Shoichi , Morita Akimichi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBasal cell carcinoma (BCC) occurs preferentially on the face. We retrospectively analyzed 200 cases of BCC treated at Nagoya City University Hospital from April 2004 to October 2015 and examined regional features based on modified facial aesthetic units. BCC occurred more frequently on the cheek, nasal and orbital areas. There was no significant difference between sides, and age was the only factor affecting tumor size.
Shape of the power spectral density matrix components: Influence on fatigue damage
Authors: Vantadori Sabrina , Fortese Giovanni , Carpinteri Andrea 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe damage estimation for a structure under random loading is a challenge in fatigue assessment, especially when the loading is multiaxial. The comparison of the effect of different spectra on fatigue damage is essential when the structure can be subjected to different types of loadings. Therefore, in the present paper, the expected fatigue damage produced on metallic structures by combined bending and torsion stationary proportional and nonproportional loading is evaluated varying the shape of spectra of the normal and shear stress tensor components.
Optimization of mesoporous alumina sol‐gel synthesis by Taguchi and response surface methodology
Authors: Hosseinzadeh Fatemeh , Sarpoolaky Hossein 
Published: January 2019

AbstractTaguchi method (TM) and response surface methodology (RSM) have been employed to optimize three parameters, including the amounts of P123, the amounts of nitric acid and calcination temperature, in order to define an optimal setting for sol‐gel synthesis of high surface area mesoporous alumina powder (MA). Herein, the comparison of the both statistical approaches has been examined and discussed considering the nitrogen adsorption as the response variable because this important character for mesoporous materials is exceedingly sensitive to the synthesis parameters. The BET surface area (SBET) and pore volume of MA under Taguchi optimal condition were 323.5 m2 g−1 and 0.551 cm3 g−1, respectively, by conducting confirmation test. Furthermore, the confirmation test showed high SBET of MA (363.4 m2 g−1), which was in a good agreement with calculated SBET result (431.25 m2 g−1) by a quadratic model under RSM optimal condition. Moreover, 3D response surface plots and 2D contour plots of desirability have been discussed to visualize the influence of input factors on response variable. It is also concluded that RSM shows more appropriate (12.33% higher SBET than TM) and efficient optimal condition with determining a quadratic function as the relationship between SBET and synthesis parameters.