bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated Hierarchical Carbon Flake Arrays with Hollow P‐Doped CoSe2 Nanoclusters as an Advanced Bifunctional Catalyst for Zn–Air Batteries
Authors: Zhang Hong , Wang Tongtong , Sumboja Afriyanti , Zang Wenjie , Xie Jianping , Gao Daqiang , Pennycook Stephen J. , Liu Zhaolin , Guan Cao , Wang John 
Published: August 2018

AbstractHierarchical nanostructured architectures are demonstrated as an effective approach to develop highly active and bifunctional electrocatalysts, which are urgently required for efficient rechargeable metal–air batteries. Herein, a mesoporous hierarchical flake arrays (FAs) structure grown on flexible carbon cloth, integrated with the microsized nitrogen‐doped carbon (N‐doped C) FAs, nanoscaled P‐doped CoSe2 hollow clusters and atomic‐level P‐doping (P‐CoSe2/N‐C FAs) is described. The P‐CoSe2/N‐C FAs thus developed exhibit a reduced overpotential (≈230 mV at 10 mA cm−2) toward oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and large half‐wave potential (0.87 V) for oxygen reduction reactions. The excellent bifunctional electrocatalytic performance is ascribed to the synergy among the hierarchical flake arrays controlled at both micro‐ and nanoscales, and atomic‐level P‐doping. Density functional theory calculations confirm that the free energy for the potential‐limiting step is reduced by P‐doping for OER. An all‐solid‐state zinc–air battery made of the P‐CoSe2/N‐C FAs as the air‐cathode presents excellent cycling stability and mechanical flexibility, demonstrating the great potential of the hierarchical P‐CoSe2/N‐C FAs for advanced bifunctional electrocatalysis.
Bio‐Orthogonally Crosslinked, In Situ Forming Corneal Stromal Tissue Substitute
Authors: Lee Hyun Jong , Fernandes‐Cunha Gabriella M. , Na Kyung‐Sun , Hull Sarah M. , Myung David 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn this study, an in situ forming corneal stromal substitute based on collagen type I crosslinked by bio‐orthogonal strain‐promoted azide–alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC) is presented. The crosslinked collagen gel has greater transparency compared to non‐crosslinked collagen gels. The mechanical properties of the gels are controlled by changing functional group ratios and conjugated collagen concentrations. Higher concentrations of conjugated collagen yield enhances mechanical properties, where the storage modulus increases from 42.39 ± 8.95 to 112.03 ± 3.94 Pa after SPAAC crosslinking. Encapsulated corneal keratocytes grow within the SPAAC‐crosslinked gels and corneal keratinocytes are supported on top of the gel surfaces. SPAAC‐crosslinked gels support more favorable and stable keratinocyte morphology on their surface compared to non‐crosslinked gels likely as a result of more optimal substrate stiffness, gel integrity, and resistance to degradation. SPAAC‐crosslinked collagen gels with and without encapsulated keratocytes applied to rabbit corneas in an organ culture model after keratectomy exhibit surface epithelialization with multilayered morphology. The novel in situ forming gel is a promising candidate for lamellar and defect reconstruction of corneal stromal tissue.
Unveiling the Mechanism of Surface Hydrophilicity‐Modulated Macrophage Polarization
Authors: Lv Lin , Xie Youtao , Li Kai , Hu Tao , Lu Xiang , Cao Yunzhen , Zheng Xuebin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractWith inflammation increasingly recognized as a key factor that influences fracture healing, the immunologic response is considered to play a pivotal role in determining implant‐mediated osteogenesis. Herein, this paper demonstrates that modification of the surface hydrophilicity of Ti surface oxides can be utilized to control immune response by steering the macrophage polarization toward pro‐ or anti‐inflammation phenotype. Enhanced anti‐inflammatory and prohealing performance of macrophages is observed on hydrophilic surfaces compared to hydrophobic ones. Further study on the detailed mechanism demonstrates that the surface hydrophilicity controls specific proteins (fibronectin and fibrinogen) adsorption and conformation, which activate different signaling pathways (PI3K and NF‐κB) through selective expression of integrin β1 or β2 to influence the behaviors of macrophages. Thus, this study presents a mechanism of macrophage polarization modulated by surface hydrophilicity for the surface design of advanced implant materials with satisfactory anti‐inflammatory and osteogenesis‐promoting properties.
Architectural Designs and Synthetic Strategies of Advanced Nanocatalysts
Authors: Zhan Guowu , Li Ping , Zeng Hua Chun 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAdvanced nanocatalysts with high compositional and structural tailorability have emerged as a new class of heterogeneous catalysts exhibiting many new technical merits over their conventional counterparts. Generally, preparation of such catalysts involves the integration of catalyst components with compositional, size, and shape controls into a larger material system in order to bring along collective and synergetic effects of individual components. Herein, a brief review of architectural designs and synthetic strategies for making these nanocatalysts is presented. Due to length constraints, only four major types of them are highlighted together with some general rules of design and synthesis. Finally, a critical outline of future perspective in this field is proposed.
MOFs Extend the Lifetime of Pd(II) Catalyst for Room Temperature Alkenylation of Enamine‐Like Arenes
Authors: Cirujano Francisco G. , Leo Pedro , Vercammen Jannick , Smolders Simon , Orcajo Gisela , De Vos Dirk E. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe synthesis of pharmaceutically relevant scaffolds, such as substituted indoles or uracils, through the alkenylation of the “enamine‐like” aromatic C−H bond is performed at room temperature using catalytic amounts of Pd(OAc)2 in the presence of redox active, stable and reusable metal‐organic microporous frameworks. This is the first time that redox/acid active sites in the porous, non‐toxic and earth abundant robust MOF‐74 platform are used to avoid the fast deactivation of the cationic Pd species working under ambient conditions.magnified image
Organocatalytic Biomimetic Decarboxylative Aldol Reaction of Fluorinated β‐Keto Acids with Unprotected Isatins
Authors: Li Yin‐Long , Wang Xue‐Lin , Xiao Dan , Liu Ming‐Ying , Du Yunfei , Deng Jun 
Published: August 2018

AbstractA facile asymmetric synthesis of fluorinated 3‐hydroxyoxindoles through the biomimetic decarboxylative aldol reaction of fluorinated β‐keto acids with unprotected isatins catalyzed by quinine‐derived urea catalyst has been achieved. One of the features of this work is that the easily available α, α‐difluoro/α‐monofluoro‐β‐keto acids have been first applied in the enantioselective synthesis of fluorinated compounds as the masked fluoroenolates. Furthermore, the utility of this method was demonstrated by its ability to access a series of difluorinated 3‐hydroxyoxindoles with up to 95% ee and monofluorinated 3‐hydroxyoxindoles with up to 90 : 10 d.r. and 94% ee.magnified image
Numerical simulation of energy consumption in the melt conveying section of eccentric rotor extruders
Authors: Wen Jin‐song , Yang Ming‐kai , Fan De‐jun 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe polymer melt flow field in the melt conveying section of the eccentric rotor extruder was performed by the Fluid Dynamics software POLYFLOW. The rotor torque and the melt volume flow rate at each time were obtained by simulation analysis, and the energy consumption and the output in one cycle were computed with the support of the simulated data. Eventually, the specific energy consumption of the eccentric rotor, which was regarded as energy consumption evaluation index in the melt conveying process, could be calculated. The results showed that for different parameters, the eccentricity had the greatest impact on the specific energy consumption. With the increase in eccentricity, the energy consumption per unit melt transported decreased, and the extrusion output increased. The same tendency occurred for changing the pitch of the eccentric rotor, but the effect on the specific energy consumption was slight. When increasing the rotor speed and the rotor radius, the specific energy consumption increased. Experimental and theoretical methods were applied to compare the error of the simulation data under the same conditions, and the numerical simulation results were verified.
Synthesis and characterizations of antifungal polyurethanes with enhanced tensile and shape recovery performances
Authors: Chung Yong‐Chan , Park Jie Eun , Choi Jae Won , Chun Byoung Chul 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBenzimidazole as an antifungal agent and poly(acrylic acid) as a hydrophilic group were grafted together onto polyurethane (PU) to synthesis the antifungal PU. Benzimidazole was chosen as a key antifungal agent because of its proven fungal growth control against a wide spectrum of fungi. The hydrophilicity of antifungal PU was notably escalated after the grafting of poly(acrylic acid) based on the water contact angle results, but the melting and glass transition of soft segment in PU did not notably change by the grafting of benzimidazole and poly(acrylic acid). The synthesized antifungal PUs exhibited a sharp increase in the breaking tensile stress and shape recovery due to the slight chemical cross‐linking between PUs. The benzimidazole‐grafted PUs containing the poly(acrylic acid) demonstrated a clear suppression in the growth of a group of fungi. Therefore, the antifungal PUs with enhanced tensile strength and shape recovery capability were successfully synthesized using the combined grafting of benzimidazole and poly(acrylic acid) onto PU.
Characterization of polyamide 6.10 composites incorporated with microcrystalline cellulose fiber: Effects of fiber loading and impact modifier
Authors: Beg Mohammad Dalour Hossen , Islam Muhammad Remanul , Mamun Abdullah Al , Heim Hans‐Peter , Feldmann Maik , Akindoyo John Olabode 
Published: August 2018

AbstractMicrocrystalline cellulose (MCC) fiber‐reinforced polyamide 6.10 (PA) composites were prepared in the presence of an impact modifier (IM), exxelor VA1803 (VA), by melt compounding process. Fiber loading was considered from 20 to 30 wt.%, whereas IM was varied from 2.0 to 5.0 wt.%. Composites were characterized by tensile test, impact test, dynamic thermal mechanical analysis (DTMA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). Composites’ fractured surfaces were examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM). In addition, fiber size distribution was also analyzed. Result analyses showed that the fiber incorporation changed the tensile strength (TS) slightly, but the tensile modulus (TM) significantly. The TM was found to be improved by 45% at the amount of fiber loading of 30 wt.%. Moreover, the thermomechanical properties revealed that the storage modulus (SM) and loss modulus (LM) were increased due to the incorporation of MCC, which was improved further by the uses of 5.0 wt.% of VA. The MCC possess high crystallinity index and high crystallite size along with enhanced mechanical and thermal properties. Therefore, the extraordinary benefit of using MCC in PA was evaluated in terms of thermomechanical, structural, and thermal properties in the presence of the impact modifier.
Making the Invisible Visible: Identifying and Articulating Culture in Practice‐Based Evidence
Authors: Abe Jennifer , Grills Cheryl , Ghavami Negin , Xiong Ghia , Davis Carlene , Johnson Carrie 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis study describes a conceptual tool, labeled the “culture cube,” developed to identify and articulate the cultural underpinnings of prevention and early intervention projects in five priority populations (i.e., African American, Asian Pacific Islander, Latino, Native American, and Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, and Questioning), participating in the California Reducing Disparities Project Phase 2 (CRDP Phase 2). The culture cube was developed for evaluation of these practice‐based evidence services (PBEs) for three purposes: (a) to focus attention on revealing and articulating more fully the operative worldview and culturally grounded frameworks underlying PBEs, explicitly identifying the links between cultural beliefs and values, community needs, and intervention design; (b) to guide the methods used to assess and evaluate PBEs so that the outcome indicators and process measures are conceptually consistent, community defined, and culturally centered; and (c) to invite communities to use their own indigenous epistemological frameworks to establish credible evidence. After reviewing the literature in this area and describing the theoretical framework for the culture cube, we describe its development, application, and the response to its use in the initial stages of the California Reducing Disparities Project‐Phase 2.
Splenectomy in patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia: Indications, histopathological findings and clinical outcomes in a single institutional series of thirty‐nine patients
Authors: Pophali Prateek , Horna Pedro , Lasho Terra L. , Finke Christy M. , Ketterling Rhett P. , Gangat Naseema , Nagorney David , Tefferi Ayalew , Patnaik Mrinal M. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn a 28‐year period, 39 (7%) patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) (median age 66 years, 64% male) underwent a splenectomy at our institution. Primary indications for splenectomy were refractory thrombocytopenia (36%), progressive spleen related symptoms (33%), emergent splenectomy for splenic rupture (21%), refractory anemia (8%), and prior to allogeneic stem cell transplant (3%). Eleven (28%) patients had anemia at the time of splenectomy, of which 3 (27%) were autoimmune. The median time to splenectomy from CMML diagnosis was 6 months (0‐40); perioperative morbidity and mortality rates were 43% and 13%, while the median postsplenectomy survival was 25 months (11‐38). Durable remission in spleen related symptoms, thrombocytopenia, complications from splenic rupture, and anemia were achieved in 85%, 50%, 62%, and 21% of patients, respectively. Perioperative morbidity (n = 30) included infections/sepsis in 6 (20%), intraabdominal bleeding in 4 (13%), venous thromboembolism (VTE) in 3 (10%), and acute lung injury in 2 (7%) patients. The median duration of hospital stay was 6 days (1‐25), with 5 deaths occurring secondary to respiratory failure (n = 2), multiorgan dysfunction (n = 2) and hemorrhagic shock (n = 1). There was no difference in overall survival between CMML patients that underwent splenectomy, in comparison to those that did not. Unlike in myelofibrosis, portal hypertension was not an indication for splenectomy and no patients developed post‐splenectomy thrombocytosis. In conclusion, apart from being a lifesaving emergent modality in the event of splenic rupture, splenectomy has an important palliative role in patients with CMML, with significant and durable improvements in spleen related symptoms and refractory cytopenias.
Leukemia in gastrointestinal organs as cause of treatment failure: 378 cases analyzed
Authors: Cunningham Isabel , Worthley Daniel 
Published: August 2018

AbstractLeukemia growing as tumors in gastrointestinal organs is an under‐investigated cause of treatment failure and death. These present with symptoms often mistaken for common toxicities but may grow large before symptoms. To synthesize experience available only in case reports, 378 were analyzed. Invasive and metastatic behavior typical of solid GI tumors was revealed even when marrow was uninvolved. Within 3 months of diagnosis, 33% had died, 47% within 1 year. Survivals of 4 to 18 years after involvement suggest cure is possible. Evidence is presented that combined local and systemic therapy has successfully treated GI leukemic tumors when identified early.
Perfluorinated Covalent Triazine Framework Derived Hybrids for the Highly Selective Electroconversion of Carbon Dioxide into Methane
Authors: Wang Yuanshuang , Chen Junxiang , Wang Genxiang , Li Yan , Wen Zhenhai 
Published: August 2018

AbstractDeveloping cost‐effective electrocatalysts for high‐selectivity CO2 electroreduction remains challenging. We herein report a perfluorinated covalent triazine framework (CTF) electrocatalyst that displays very high selectivity in the electroreduction of CO2 to CH4 with a faradaic efficiency of 99.3 % in aqueous electrolyte. Systematic characterization and electrochemical studies, in combination with density functional theory calculations, demonstrate that the presence of both nitrogen and fluorine in the CTF provides a unique pathway that is inaccessible with the individual components for CO2 electroreduction.
Räumliche Trennung der Konformere eines Dipeptids
Authors: Teschmit Nicole , Horke Daniel A. , Küpper Jochen 
Published: August 2018

AbstractDie Abbildung isolierter Moleküle mit atomarer Auflösung, z. B. in Experimenten zur kohärenten Röntgenbeugung an Freie‐Elektronen‐Lasern, benötigt Molekülstrahlen identischer Moleküle mit hoher Dichte. Allerdings besetzen selbst Biomoleküle in kalten Molekülstrahlen typischerweise mehrere Konformerzustände. Hier wird die Produktion von sehr kalten (Trot≈2.3 K) Molekülstrahlen aus intakten Dipeptiden demonstriert, in denen anschließend die einzelnen besetzten Konformerzustände räumlich getrennt werden. Dies wird durch die Kombination von Überschallexpansion mit Laserdesorptionsverdampfung und elektrostatischer Ablenkung in starken inhomogenen Feldern erreicht. Dies ist die erste Demonstration von konformerselektierten und rotationskalten Molekülstrahlen von Peptiden und ermöglicht in Zukunft die Untersuchung von konformerspezifischer Chemie durch nicht‐Konformer‐spezifische Techniken. Des Weiteren ist dies ein Meilenstein, um direkte Strukturabbildungen von isolierten biologischen Molekülen mit atomarer Auflösung mittels ultraschneller Beugungsexperimente zu ermöglichen.
Über die Leerlaufspannung von Biobrennstoffzellen: Nernstverschiebung bei pseudokapazitiven Elektroden
Authors: Conzuelo Felipe , Marković Nikola , Ruff Adrian , Schuhmann Wolfgang 
Published: August 2018

AbstractEin besonderes Augenmerk bei der Entwicklung von Biobrennstoffzellen liegt im Erreichen von herausragenden Kennzahlen, wie extreme Langlebigkeit, hohe Maximalleistung oder hohe Leerlaufspannung. Dabei werden für Biobrennstoffzellen, die ein pseudokapazitives Element in Form immobilisierter Redoxmediatoren aufweisen, wie sie z. B. in Redoxpolymer/Enzymelektroden vorhanden sind, in der Praxis erhöhte Leerlaufspannungen beobachtet, die sich deutlich von den theoretisch zu erwartenden Werten unterscheiden. Obwohl dieser Effekt in der Literatur dokumentiert ist, wurde dem genauen Verständnis dieses Phänomens wenig oder kaum Beachtung geschenkt und als inhärenter Bestandteil des zu Grunde liegenden Systems akzeptiert. Dieser Beitrag zeigt, dass dieser Effekt auf einer Nernstverschiebung des Elektrodenpotentials beruht, der durch das Eintreten der biokatalytischen Umsetzung eines entsprechenden Substrats durch den Biokatalysator, bei Abwesenheit oder bei nur geringem Stromflusses induziert wird. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen, dass durch die Verwendung von auf der Elektrodenoberfläche immobilisierten Redoxmediatoren, eine entsprechende Biobrennstoffzelle eine deutlich höhere Leerlaufspannung aufweist, die auf einer durch die Enzymreaktion induzierten Ladungsspeicherung innerhalb der Redoxpolymermatrix, beruht. Somit ergibt sich ein völlig neuer Gesichtspunkt für das Design und die Evaluierung von auf pseudokapazitiven Elementen basierenden (Bio‐)Brennstoffzellen.
FLP‐Catalyzed Transfer Hydrogenation of Silyl Enol Ethers
Authors: Khan Imtiaz , Reed‐Berendt Benjamin G. , Melen Rebecca L. , Morrill Louis C. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractHerein we report the first catalytic transfer hydrogenation of silyl enol ethers. This metal free approach employs tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane and 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine (TMP) as a commercially available FLP catalyst system and naturally occurring γ‐terpinene as a dihydrogen surrogate. A variety of silyl enol ethers undergo efficient hydrogenation, with the reduced products isolated in excellent yields (29 examples, 82 % average yield).
Light‐Driven Enzymatic Decarboxylation of Fatty Acids
Authors: Huijbers Mieke M. E. , Zhang Wuyuan , Tonin Fabio , Hollmann Frank 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe photoenzymatic decarboxylation of fatty acids to alkanes is proposed as an alternative approach for the synthesis of biodiesel. By using a recently discovered photodecarboxylase from Chlorella variabilis NC64A (CvFAP) we demonstrate the irreversible preparation of alkanes from fatty acids and triglycerides. Several fatty acids and their triglycerides are converted by CvFAP in near‐quantitative yield and exclusive selectivity upon illumination with blue light. Very promising turnover numbers of up to 8000 were achieved in this proof‐of‐concept study.
Biological evaluation of a novel amino acid‐based macrocyclic Mn(III) and Fe(III) complexes
Authors: Joel C. , Biju Bennie R. , Daniel Abraham S. , Iyyam Pillai S. , Theodore David S. 
Published: August 2018

A new tetradentate ligand 4‐benzylidine‐1,7‐bis(4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxyphenyl)hepta‐1,6‐diene‐3,5‐bis(2‐imino‐3‐phenylpropanoic acid) of the type N2O2 has been synthesized from curcumin derived non‐enolisable diketone and L‐phenylalanine and complexed with Mn(III) and Fe(III) metal ions. The non‐enolisable curcumin was obtained by Knoevenagel condensation. The synthesized ligand and complexes (MnL & FeL) were characterized by various spectral techniques. Using absorption and emission spectral techniques CT‐DNA and BSA binding studies has been carried out. The absorption and emission spectral tools reveal the intercalative mode of binding between the CT‐DNA and the metal complexes. The fluorescence of BSA was quenched around 340 nm by the metal complexes followed by static quenching mechanism. The emission spectra of BSA were recorded at three different temperatures. The binding sites, mode of binding, binding energy and the donor‐acceptor distance on the basis of Forster's resonance energy transfer (FRET) were calculated. The binding site of the metal complexes with CT‐DNA and BSA has been discussed by molecular docking studies in order to substantiate the experimental results.