bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distribution of values of classic singular Cantor function of random argument
Authors: Pratsiovytyi Mykola , Lysenko Iryna , Voitovska Oksana 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Let X be a random variable with independent ternary digits and let

y
=

F
⁢

(
x
)

{y=F(x)}

be a classic singular Cantor function. For the distribution of the random variable

Y
=

F
⁢

(
X
)

{Y=F(X)}

, the Lebesgue structure (i.e., the content of discrete, absolutely continuous and singular components), the structure of its point and the continuous spectra are exhaustively studied.
Metal-free, air-promoted, radical-mediated arylation of benzoquinone with phenylhydrazines
Authors: Sayahi Mohammad Hosein , Ansari Samira , Saghanezhad Seyyed Jafar , Mahdavi Mohammad 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAn efficient, economic, and air-promoted metal-free method for direct arylation of benzoquinone with phenylhydrazines was developed. This approach leads to the formation of corresponding [1,1′-biphenyl]-2,5-dione derivatives as biological and pharmaceutical materials of interest in good yields, under mild reaction conditions, and at ambient temperature.
Impacts of WMA Additives on Viscosity and Cracking of Asphalt Binder
Authors: Bozorgzad Ashkan , Chon Beom Jun , Sampath Anand , Kim Yongjoo , Lee Hosin David 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The basic concept of warm mix asphalt (WMA) technologies is to reduce the asphalt binder viscosity, which allows the asphalt to attain a suitable viscosity to coat the aggregates and thus to compact asphalt mixtures at lower temperatures. A main concern for adding WMA additives to asphalt is that it might reduce the rutting resistance at high temperatures and the cracking resistance at low temperatures. To address these concerns, this article presents the impacts of various amounts of WMA additives on the viscosity and low-temperature cracking of asphalt binder. The test results at 135°C show that the viscosity of asphalt reduced significantly when 0.5 % of Additive B was added; the viscosity did not decrease when up to 1.0 % of Additive A was added. When the temperature was lowered to 120°C, however, a more drastic reduction in viscosity was observed when just 0.5 % of additives were added, and the viscosity remained relatively steady as the dosage was increased up to 3.0 %. These viscosity test results confirm that the higher amounts of WMA additives do not necessarily reduce the viscosity of asphalt binder. To characterize the low temperature property of the asphalt binder, the asphalt binder with WMA additives were tested using the asphalt binder cracking device (ABCD). As the WMA additives were increased from 0.5 % to 3.0 %, the cracking temperature increased slightly but remained steady near the cracking temperature of the virgin asphalt binder. The ABCD test results confirm that the cracking temperature of asphalt binder is not significantly affected by WMA additives.
Feasibility Study of Anchored Fiber-Optic Strain-Sensing Arrays for Monitoring Soil Deformation beneath Model Foundation
Authors: Zhang Cheng-Cheng , Zhu Hong-Hu , Chen Dong-Dong , Xu Xing-Yu , Shi Bin , Chen Xiao-Ping 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
High-accuracy deformation measurement is an essential part of geotechnical model testing, in which fiber-optic sensors have great potentialities. In this study, a 1-g plane-strain model test was performed to investigate the feasibility of using fiber Bragg grating (FBG) strain-sensing arrays for monitoring soil deformation beneath a strip footing. The FBG array with specially made anchors was designed to enhance the fiber-soil interfacial bond and, hence, to improve the measurement quality. Three arrays were embedded horizontally within the soil to monitor internal linear strains, while digital photography-based particle image velocimetry (PIV) was employed to obtain superficial displacement and strain fields. Test results show that the strains captured by FBGs were comparable with equivalent strains determined via PIV analyses in terms of strain development, which reflected the evolution of soil deformation under incremental loads. Finally, the benefits and drawbacks of anchored FBG arrays for monitoring laboratory-scale models were discussed, with the conclusion being that they are capable of capturing internal strains or a strain profile of soil with low noise and high resolution, but there has to be a trade-off between robustness and sensitivity.
Compaction Effort for Uniform Laboratory-Prepared Cohesionless Soil Bed
Authors: Alharthi Yasir M. , Hanna Adel M. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Laboratory testing in geotechnical engineering plays a paramount role in developing theories and empirical formulas. Soil preparation is an integral part of any experiment, which is often required to prepare uniform cohesionless soils in the testing tank. One of the oldest methods to obtain the desired unit weight throughout the testing tank is by dropping the sand from a predetermined height. This method often suffers from particle segregation, which reflects on the test results. Applying compaction effort on the surface of the soil is another method for soil preparation that is widely used because of its simplicity and the repeatability of its results. The procedure is followed by trial and error by adjusting the thickness of the layer and the appropriate energy level until the desired relative density is achieved. However, this technique often produces overconsolidated sand in the testing tank, which is usually ignored. Using compaction effort, uniform sand in the testing tank is achieved by placing the sand in layers; each receives a predetermined compaction effort. In this procedure, the majority of the energy applied is used to compact the immediate top layer, while the rest seeps through to the lower layers, increasing their compaction level. Accordingly, by adjusting the level of the energy applied to each layer, it is possible to produce uniform homogeneous sand in the testing tank. This article presents a laboratory procedure to produce a uniform sand bed and to measure the level of the overconsolidation in the testing tanks, namely, by controlling the thickness of the sublayer and the level of energy applied on each layer.
El déficit de denuncias de víctimas de prostitución forzada en México
Authors: Palacios Simón Pedro Izcara 
Published: September 2018

México posee una legislación estricta en materia de trata de personas, pero tal legislación tiene poca utilidad si las víctimas no denuncian a sus explotadores. Este artículo, fundamentado en una metodología cualitativa que incluye la realización de entrevistas en profundidad a 47 víctimas de trata con fines de explotación sexual, parte de la siguiente pregunta de investigación: ¿por qué las víctimas extranjeras de este tipo específico de trata que se encuentran en México no denuncian a las personas que las explotan? Concluimos que la corrupción es el factor que inhibe las denuncias y favorece el crecimiento de la industria de la trata de personas con fines de explotación sexual en México.
Mexico has strict legislation on human trafficking; however, this legislation is of little use if victims do not denounce their exploiters. Engaging a qualitative methodology that includes in-depth interviews with forty-seven victims of human trafficking, this article proceeds from the following research question: Why do foreign victims of sexual exploitation in Mexico not blow the whistle on the people who exploit them? Evidence suggests that corruption inhibits criminal complaints and favors growth of the human trafficking industry in Mexico.
THE ROLE OF ARGININE DEIMINASE FROM STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES IN INHIBITION MACROPHAGES NITROGEN MONOXIDE (NO) SYNTHESIS
Authors: Starikova E. A. , Sokolov A. V. , Burova L. A. , Golovin A. S. , Lebedeva A. M. , Vasilyev V. B. , Freidlin I. S. 
Published: September 2018

The protective role of macrophages closely related to the production of bactericidal molecules, in which nitrogen monoxide (NO) play an important role. Arginine serves as a substrate for inducible NO synthase (iNOS) in course of NO production. Expression and activity of iNOS are regulated by the availability of the substrate (arginine) in the intercellular space. The bacterial enzyme arginine deiminase also uses arginine as a substrate, causing its deficiency for host cells. The aim of this study was to confirm the possible role of arginine deiminase from S. pyogenes in inhibiting NO synthesis by macrophages. For this purpose, a comparative study was made of the effect on the synthesis of NO by macrophages of the products of destruction of two strains: the initial S. pyogenes M49-16 and the isogenic mutant S. pyogenes M49-16 delArcA with the inactivated arginine deiminase gene (arcA). It has been shown that the ability of S. pyogenes M49-16 to inhibit production of NO by macrophages depends on its arginine deiminase activity because the isogenous mutant of S. pyogenes M49-16 delArcA with the inactivated gene arcA has lost its ability to inhibit NO synthesis. This allows us to consider the effects of S. pyogenes M49-16 as effects of arginine deiminase. An analysis of the inhibitory mechanisms of the enzyme showed that suppression of NO synthesis was not associated with the effect of destruction products of S. pyogenes M49-16 on the viability of macrophages. According to data of flow cytometry, incubation of cells in the presence of S. pyogenes destruction products of the original and mutant strains did not affect the level of iNOS expression, i.e. did not alter synthesis or stability of this enzyme. At the same time, the decrease in NO production under the influence of the original S. pyogenes strain M49-16 correlated with a decrease in the content of arginine in the culture medium. When exogenous arginine to the culture medium was added, the effect of the original strain of the suppression of NO production was declined. This confirms that the depletion of arginine is the main mechanism of the inhibitory effect of arginine deiminase on the production of NO by macrophages. The deficiency of NO production in the course of streptococcal infection can lead to a weakening of bactericidal activity of macrophages and to a decrease in the effectiveness of antimicrobial protection.
BACTERIAL AND VIRAL PATHOGENS IN IXODES SP. TICKS IN ST. PETERSBURG AND LENINGRAD DISTRICT
Authors: Panferova Yu. A. , Suvorova M. A. , Shapar A. O. , Tokarevich N. K. 
Published: September 2018

Tick-borne infections are the most common group of zooanthroponotic diseases in the Northern Hemisphere. For the Baltic Sea region and Fennoscandia, the dominant infectious pathologies transmitted by ticks are tick-borne borreliosis and tick- borne encephalitis. The presence of vast forested areas, actively visited by people in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region, contributes to a rather high level of encroachment on the flares and intelligence of the borreliosis and tick-borne encephalitis among the population of these regions. The relatively dangerous pathogens that can be transmitted with the tick bite are also of particular danger: Anaplasma sp., Ehrlichia sp., Coxiella burnetii, Rickettsia sp. In this work, detection was performed using molecular genetic methods of TBE virus, B. burgdorferi sensu lato and Rickettsia sp. in engorged ticksple, as well as questing ticks collected from vegetation. The established levels of infection of TBE on infected ticks, levels of infection by pathogenic Borrelia of questing and engorgeded ticks were approximately equal. Rickettsia was not found in the ticks. The conducted analysis of the pathogens prevalence in comparison with the data of russian and foreign authors. Monitoring the prevalence of tick-borne pathogens is an important issue in the prevention of tick- borne infections in the North-Western Russia.
RAISED IgM AUTOANTIBODY TITER TO LIPOPROTEIDE(A) AS ANTIATHEROGENIC FACTOR IN SEVERE HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA PATIENTS
Authors: Klesareva E. A. , Afanasieva O. I. , Kononova E. V. , Utkina E. A. , Ezhov M. V. , Balakhonova T. V. , Afanasieva M. I. , Pokrovsky S. N. 
Published: September 2018

Aim.To investigate on the relation of lipoproteide(a) (Lpa), subfractions of atherogenic lipoproteides and titers of specific autoantibodies (autoAb) with the presence and severity of carotid arteries (CA) lesion in statin-naïve patients with severe hypercholesterolemia.Materialandmethods.To the study, 133 statin-naïve patients included, age 18 to 75 y.o., with absent clinical signs of coronary heart disease, and with first time diagnosed severe hypercholesterolemia (total cholesterol >7,5 mM/L and/or low density lipoproteides cholesterol >4,9 mM/L) with ultrasound duplex scan data of CA. All patients underwent measurement of Lpa concentration, lipid profile, subfractional content of apoB-100-containing lipoproteides and autoAb titer against them.Results.According to the data from duplex CA scan, patients were selected to 2 groups: control group (n=76) with no CA atherosclerosis; main group — patients with CA stenosis >20% (n=57). The participants of main group were older than controls, with no other clinical or lipid profile differences. Titre of autoAb IgM specific for Lpa and its oxidized modifications was significantly lower in CA atherosclerosis comparing to controls. The grade of CA stenosis in severe hypercholesterolemia patients positively correlated with age (r=0,24, p=0,005) and negatively — with autoAb IgM to apoB100-containing lipoproteides (r=-0,28 and r=-0,26, p<0,005). Also, a correlation found for CA stenosis grade with subfractions of intermediate density lipoproteides of moderate size (r=0,21, p=0,032). AutoAb titre against Lpa was an independent predictor of CA lesion severity regardless the age and traditional risk factors by the data from multifactorial regression. By ROCanalysis with the highest diagnostic value (square under AUC =0,68) the level of autoAb IgM to Lpa lower than 0,083 lab. units, with sensitivity 40% and specificity 88% is related to the lesion of common CA.Conclusion.In patients with severe hypercholesterolemia Lpa is an autoantigen, and IgM autoantibodies to Lpa play antiatherogenic role.
ASSOCIATION OF COAGULATION FACTORS WITH THE PRESENCE OF UNSTABLE ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES IN THE CORONARY ARTERIES
Authors: Ragino Yu. I. , Striukova E. V. , Murashov I. S. , Polonskaya Ya. V. , Volkov A. M. , Kashtanova E. V. , Kurguzov A. V. , Chernjavskii A. M. 
Published: September 2018

Objective. This study was devoted to examinationof some factors of blood coagulation (factor II, factor VII, factor XII, antithrombin III) in order to find their associations with biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction (endothelin 1, monocyticchemoattractant protein type 1, MCP-1, lipoprotein (a), LP (a), adhesive molecules sVCAM-1, asymmetric dimethylarginin, ADMA, homocysteine), inflammation (interleukins, IL-6, IL - 8, C-reactive protein, CRP) and with unstable atherosclerotic plaques in the coronary arteries in men with coronary atherosclerosis.Material and methods. In 93 men with coronary atherosclerosis without acute coronary syndrome, blood coagulation factors concentrations (factor II, factor VII, factor XII, antithrombin III) were studied in the blood with goal to find their associations with biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction (endothelin 1, MCP-1, LP(a), adhesion molecules sVCAM-1, ADMA, homocysteine), of inflammation (IL-6, IL-8, CRP) and with the presence of unstable plaques in the coronary arteries.Results. In men with unstable atherosclerotic plaques in the coronary arteries, the blood levels of factor VII and factor XII were 1.3 and 1.3 times higher, respectively, compared to men who had stable plaques in the coronary arteries. Correlation links between the blood levels of factor II and factor XII and the presence of unstable atherosclerotic plaques in the coronary arteries (r=0.239 and r=0.250, p <0.05, respectively) have been revealed, as well as between coagulation factors and blood levels of LP(a), sVCAM-1, IL-6 and CRP. Results of logistic regression analysis showed that the relative risk of present of unstable atherosclerotic plaques in the coronary arteries is associated with an elevated blood level of factor XII (OR=1.008, 95 % CI 1.000-1.017, p=0.048).Conclusion. Our results indicate that elevated blood levels of the Hageman factor may be a new biomarker of probability of unstable atherosclerotic plaques presence in the coronary arteries.
ASSOCIATION OF MOLECULAR GENETIC FACTORS WITH THE SIGNS OF ATEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES INSTABILITY
Authors: Balatsky A. V. , Samokhodskaya L. M. , Boytsov S. A. , Tkachuk V. A. 
Published: September 2018

Aim. Analysis of possible associations of polymorphisms of the urokinase system and matrix metalloproteases genes with criteria of atherosclerotic plaques instability.Material and methods. Totally, 50 patients were investigated, with carotid atherosclerosis (32 males and 18 females). Inclusion criteria were carotid stenosis ≥70% and carotid endarterectomy. Patients were selected to groups according to macroscopic signs of instability of the lesions and thickness of fibrous cap. The groups were compared by the rates of mononucleotide polymorphisms С(-1306)Т (rs243865) gene MMP2, С(-1562)T (rs3918242) and A855G (Gln279Arg, rs17576) gene MMP9, Pro141Leu (C7240T, rs2227564) and С/T 3′-UTR (rs4065) gene PLAU, Lys220Arg (A659G, rs2302524) and T(-516)C (rs344781) gene PLAUR, (-675)4G/5G (rs1799768)gene SERPINE1.Results. Monofactorial analysis showed the association of the variants 279Gln/Gln of gene MMP9 and 141Leu/Leu gene PLAU with development of macroscopically stable plaques. By multifactorial analysis, only the carriage of genotype 141Leu/Leugene PLAU was associated with development of stable plaques. For the group of genotype carriers 141Pro/Leu and 141Leu/Leu odds ratio is 0,22 (95% confidence interval 0,05-0,93). With the development of plaques with capsule less than 65 mcm, by monofactorial analysis, the associated variants are 3′-UTR C/T gene PLAU and (-516)T/C gene PLAUR, and normal body mass. Presence of obesity and the carriage of allele (-516) C gene PLAUR are protective against the thin cap plaques development. In patients with absent obesity and genotype (-516)T/T gene PLAUR odds ratio for the thin cap plaque occurrence is 10,16 (95% confidence interval 2,5740,16).Conclusion. In the work, an association is shown of the polymorphism of urokinase system gene (urokinase plasminogen activator and receptor) with criteria of atherosclerotic lesion instability. Also, an association demonstrated of obesity with more stable plaques.
THE INFLUENCE OF HYPOLIPIDEMIC THERAPY ON THE LEVEL OF MODIFIED LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIDES
Authors: Lankin V. Z. , Tikhaze A. K. , Konovalova G. G. 
Published: September 2018

Aim. To assess the influence of coronary heart disease patients (CHD) therapy with statins or PCSK9 inhibitors influence on the level of oxidatively modified low density lipoproteides (LDL) and activity of erythrocyte Se-glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px).Material and methods. To the study, CHD patients were included (9-10 males per group), who during 6 months were undergoing statin therapy — 40 mg per day of pravastatin (group 1) or 0,4 mg per day of cerivastatin (group 2), as the therapy with PCSK9 inhibitor — 420 mg per month evolocumab (group 3) during 1 year. The level of lipohydroperoxide in LDL (LOOH-LDL) was measured in the groups 1 and 2 with the modified method and usage of Fe-xilenolorange; content of oxidized LDL (oxLDL) in the group 3 — with immune chemistry method (assays Mercodia, Sweden). Activeness of GSH-Px in all groups was assessed with the modified methods bound with glutathione reductase system and tret-buthyl hydroperoxide as a substrate.Results. Simultaneously with the decrease of LDL cholesterol in the groups 1 and 2 there was significant increase (in the group 2 — 6-7 times in 3-6 months of therapy) of the level of LOOH-LDL. In the group 2 there was marked significant decrease of GSH-Px activity beginning from the month 3. In the group 3, with decreased LDL cholesterol there was significant decline in oxLDL with changed activity of GSH-Px.Conclusion. Statins, effectively decreasing the level of LDL cholesterol, simultaneously induce the oxidation of LDL and decrease the activity of GSH-Px. Inhibitor PCSK9 not only does effectively decrease the level of LDL cholesterol, but also the content of oxLDL, not leading to decreased GSH-Px activity.
CLINICAL ECONOMY EFFICACY OF TARGETED APPROACH TO ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME PATIENTS MANAGEMENT WITH PERCUTANEOUS INTERVENTION
Authors: Shukil L. V. , Korennova О. Yu. , Podolnaya S. P. , Prikhodko E. P. 
Published: September 2018

Aim. Clinical economical grounding of necessity for continuation of a “State Managed Program of Omsk Region “Development of Healthcare in Omsk Region” (the Program) in allowance granted supply with life saving medications of patients after endovascular treatment of acute coronary syndrome.Material and methods. To the study, by a continuous sampling method, 255 patients included, after endovascular treatment of coronary arteries in acute coronary syndrome during July 1 to December 31 2015, who monthly attended cardiologists office and received free acetylsalicylic acid, clopidogrel and atorvastatin for 12 months. Method of clinical and economical analysis was applied “Increment efficacy of expenses”, and a threshold for self-payment by patients was evaluated.Results. One-year mortality of the Program participants was 1,2% versus 3,5% in non-participants. Hospitalization rate for repeated acute coronary syndrome was 3,5% versus 9% in non-participants; serious adverse event hospitalization rate was less than 1%. All economically active patients were discharged “to work”.Calculated parameter of increment efficacy of expenses with the technology “stenting of coronary arteries and drug supply in 2018 (statin, acetylsalicylic acid, clopidogrel or ticagrelor)” was 215906,93 Rub for every additional survived patient with no hospitalizations for repeated acute coronary syndrome during one year after stenting.Conclusion. Technology of medication supply with life saving drugs of patients underwent endovascular interventions on coronary arteries for acute coronary syndrome is an advantageous investment of budget funds to life quality of patients. The results of the analysis have grounded the necessity to continue program targeted method in acute coronary syndrome patients management after percutaneous intervention taken current clinical guidelines.