bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validating GO4KIDDS as a brief measure of adaptive skills in special education settings for children with severe intellectual disability
Authors: Pan Xinyu , Totsika Vasiliki , Nicholls Gemma , Paris Andreas 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundAdaptive skills measures tend to be lengthy. The GO4KIDDS (Great Outcomes for Kids Impacted by Severe Developmental Disabilities; (Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 58, 2015 and 594)) Brief Adaptive Behaviour Scale was developed to provide a brief assessment of adaptive skills. Our study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of G04KIDDS Brief Adaptive Scale in a large sample of children in special education.MethodsTeachers reported on 361 students with severe to profound intellectual disability. The scale's factor structure was examined through principal components analysis (PCA), while its convergent validity was examined in relation to the Vineland (VABS‐II; Vineland‐II adaptive behavior scales, Circle Pines, MN, AGS and 2005).ResultsThe PCA indicated a single component measuring overall adaptive skills, which had excellent internal consistency (alpha = 0.93), and convergent validity (Pearson's r = 0.81).ConclusionsTeacher‐reported scores on GO4KIDDS Brief Behaviour Scale can provide a reliable and valid composite of adaptive skills in children with severe to profound intellectual disability. The scale will be useful to researchers and teachers who need a brief descriptive assessment of adaptive functioning.
Student engagement with computerized practising: Ability, task value, and difficulty perceptions
Authors: Cornelisz Ilja , van Klaveren Chris 
Published: August 2018

AbstractA prerequisite for low‐stakes activities to improve learning is to keep students engaged when confronted with challenging material. Comparing a personalized and non‐personalized version of computerized practising, this study experimentally evaluates the relationships between student effort and ability across different dimensions of task perceptions. Students practise longer when the task is perceived to be not too difficult. Students assigned to a personalized version of the tool have a lower success rate while practising, but this does not translate to differences in practice intensity, task perceptions, or summative test scores. In a personalized practising environment, perceived interest and usefulness both have the potential to promote engagement, albeit in different ways. Students with a lower level of subject‐specific ability find the tool more interesting and, particularly, consider the non‐personalized tool difficult but useful. Instead, in the personalized condition, it is the group of students with higher prescores who value the tool as relatively useful. These results indicate that more students will remain engaged with adaptive practising if software takes into account such differences. Multiple approaches and algorithms may thus be necessary to optimally adapt practising to individual learners.
Effects of food substrates and moxidectin on development of black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens
Authors: Alyokhin Andrei , Buzza Aaron , Beaulieu Jack 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBlack soldier fly is a common and widely distributed saprophagous species that has an excellent potential for being used for biological conversion of organic wastes on an industrial scale. The main goal of the reported study was expanding the list of wastes suitable for utilization by this species. We compared larval growth on cull potatoes, horse manure and cafeteria food waste in 100‐L bins in a greenhouse. We also conducted laboratory experiments to investigate whether black soldier fly larvae are affected by the presence of moxidectin, a common endectocide used to treat an array of domestic animals and readily excreted in faeces, in their food substrates. Feeding on potatoes resulted in slower growth, and the final size of potato‐fed larvae was smaller compared to the larvae fed on cafeteria waste. Nevertheless, potatoes supported substantial biomass accumulation, and could be a valuable option for rearing fly larvae for commercial feed production. Larvae feeding on horse manure gained very little weight and eventually failed to pupate. Moxidectin had a strong negative effect on larval survivorship; however, ca. 30% of larvae reared in the substrate containing a realistic field concentration of moxidectin still survived to adulthood. Our findings confirm that using black soldier fly larvae is a promising technology for recycling organic wastes, including those of plant origin.
Spatial and temporal variability of myxozoan parasite, Myxobolus inornatus, prevalence in young of the year smallmouth bass in the Susquehanna River Basin, Pennsylvania
Authors: Schall Megan K. , Blazer Vicki S. , Walsh Heather L. , Smith Geoffrey D. , Wertz Timothy , Wagner Tyler 
Published: August 2018

AbstractA myxozoan parasite, Myxobolus inornatus, is one disease agent identified in young of the year (YOY) smallmouth bass in the Susquehanna River Basin, Pennsylvania. We investigated spatial and temporal variability in M. Inornatus prevalence across the Susquehanna River Basin and at several out‐of‐basin sites. We examined potential land use drivers of M. Inornatus prevalence including agricultural and developed land use. In 1,267 YOY smallmouth bass collected from 32 sites during 2013–2016, M. Inornatus was documented in 43.6% of samples. Among‐site variability in parasite prevalence was greater than among‐year variability. The effect of agricultural land use on M. Inornatus prevalence had a high probability of being positively correlated at multiple spatial scales (probability of positive effect > 0.80). The effect of developed land use on M. Inornatus prevalence had a relatively high probability of being negatively correlated at multiple spatial scales (probability of negative effect > 0.70). Our results suggest that land use practices could be related to M. Inornatus infection of smallmouth bass. Further study will be necessary to determine whether disease dynamics are a consequence of effects on the host, alterations of instream habitat mediating invertebrate host dynamics and/or survival and dispersal of the parasite infective stage.
LiSET: A Framework for Early‐Stage Life Cycle Screening of Emerging Technologies
Authors: Hung Christine Roxanne , Ellingsen Linda Ager‐Wick , Majeau‐Bettez Guillaume 
Published: August 2018

SummaryWhile life cycle assessment (LCA) is a tool often used to evaluate the environmental impacts of products and technologies, the amount of data required to perform such studies make the evaluation of emerging technologies using the conventional LCA approach challenging. The development paradox is such that the inputs from a comprehensive environmental assessment has the greatest effect early in the development phase, and yet the data required to perform such an assessment are generally lacking until it is too late. Previous attempts to formalize strategies for performing streamlined or screening LCAs were made in the late 1990s and early 2000s, mostly to rapidly compare the environmental performance of product design candidates. These strategies lack the transparency and consistency required for the environmental screening of large numbers of early‐development candidates, for which data are even sparser. We propose the Lifecycle Screening of Emerging Technologies method (LiSET). LiSET is an adaptable screening‐to‐LCA method that uses the available data to systematically and transparently evaluate the environmental performance of technologies at low readiness levels. Iterations follow technological development and allow a progression to a full LCA if desired. In early iterations, LiSET presents results in a matrix structure combined with a “traffic light” color grading system. This format inherently communicates the high uncertainty of analysis at this stage and presents numerous environmental aspects assessed. LiSET takes advantage of a decomposition analysis and data not traditionally used in LCAs to gain insight to the life cycle impacts and ensure that the most environmentally sustainable technologies are adopted.
New lncRNA annotation reveals extensive functional divergence of the transcriptome in maize
Authors: Han Linqian , Mu Zhenna , Luo Zi , Pan Qingchun , Li Lin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractLong non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs), whose sequences are approximately 200 bp or longer and unlikely to encode proteins, may play an important role in eukaryotic gene regulation. Although the latest maize (Zea mays L.) reference genome provides an essential genomic resource, genome‐wide annotations of maize lncRNAs have not been updated. Here, we report on a large transcriptomic dataset collected from 749 RNA sequencing experiments across different tissues and stages of the maize reference inbred B73 line and 60 from its wild relative teosinte. We identified 18,165 high‐confidence lncRNAs in maize, of which 6,873 are conserved between maize and teosinte. We uncovered distinct genomic characteristics of conserved lncRNAs, non‐conserved lncRNAs, and protein‐coding transcripts. Intriguingly, Shannon entropy analysis showed that conserved lncRNAs are likely to be expressed similarly to protein‐coding transcripts. Co‐expression network analysis revealed significant variation in the degree of co‐expression. Furthermore, selection analysis indicated that conserved lncRNAs are more likely than non‐conserved lncRNAs to be located in regions subject to recent selection, indicating evolutionary differentiation. Our results provide the latest genome‐wide annotation and analysis of maize lncRNAs and uncover potential functional divergence between protein‐coding, conserved lncRNA, and non‐conserved lncRNA genes, demonstrating the high complexity of the maize transcriptome.
Discovery of a neuroendocrine tumor of the caecum by mammary metastasis using 18F‐DOPA‐PET
Authors: Gornes Hugo , Vaysse Charlotte , Deslandres Marion , Perallon Romain , Chantalat Elodie , Rimailho Jacques 
Published: August 2018

AbstractNeuroendocrine tumors (NET) develop from the diffuse endocrine system. These are rare tumors that can affect diverse organs. We present here the case of a 42‐year‐old female patient in whom a NET of the breast was discovered that was likely not of mammary origin. The main challenge was finding the primary tumor using immunohistochemistry and specific medical imaging modalities for NET. The primary tumor was localized at the last ileal loop upstream of the Bauhin valve thanks to the use of 18F‐DOPA‐PET. Ileocaecal resection by laparoscopy was performed. A WHO grade 2 NET of the ileum measuring 2.2 cm × 1.5 cm was found that infiltrated the submucosa with six metastatic lymph nodes of the eight removed (6N+/8).This unusual clinical case is the first one of a digestive NET of the ileum‐caecal junction by mammary metastasis.
Learning by Preparing‐to‐Teach and Teaching: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Kobayashi Keiichi 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe present research meta‐analytically examined the effects of preparing‐to‐teach and subsequent teaching (relative to mere studying without teaching expectancy) on the acquisition of domain knowledge. The synthesis of 28 studies indicated that the estimated effect sizes (Hedges' gs) were 0.35 for preparing‐to‐teach and 0.56 for teaching with preparing‐to‐teach. Both preparing‐to‐teach and teaching with preparing‐to‐teach were effective in promoting deep learning (as well as surface learning) and even after a delay. The learning benefits of teaching with preparing‐to‐teach were larger when students expected and engaged in an interactive teaching activity than when they expected and engaged in a non‐interactive teaching activity. The mere expectation of interactive teaching also produced larger learning effects than the expectation of non‐interactive teaching. These results suggest that preparing‐to‐teach and teaching, interactive teaching after preparing to do so in particular, are useful for enhancing learning.
The Influence of Institutional Salience on Political Attitudes and Activism among Catholic Priests in the United States
Authors: Calfano Brian R. , Oldmixon Elizabeth A. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractWhat motivates clergy political attitudes and behavior? We investigate this using a questions‐as‐treatment randomized experiment focusing on Roman Catholic priests in the United States. Our results suggest substantial utility in using a question frame referencing the distinct institutional expectations that clergy regularly confront. Specifically, when randomly primed to consider the expectations of institutional reference groups, clergy exhibit significantly higher levels of conservatism and report higher levels of political engagement, which is in line with their church's institutional preferences more generally. Our findings underscore the need for experimental methodology to make increased inroads into understanding political outcomes in religious contexts.
Affine multiple yield curve models
Authors: Cuchiero Christa , Fontana Claudio , Gnoatto Alessandro 
Published: August 2018

AbstractWe provide a general and tractable framework under which all multiple yield curve modeling approaches based on affine processes, be it short rate, Libor market, or Heath–Jarrow–Morton modeling, can be consolidated. We model a numéraire process and multiplicative spreads between Libor rates and simply compounded overnight indexed swap rates as functions of an underlying affine process. Besides allowing for ordered spreads and an exact fit to the initially observed term structures, this general framework leads to tractable valuation formulas for caplets and swaptions and embeds all existing multicurve affine models. The proposed approach also gives rise to new developments, such as a short rate type model driven by a Wishart process, for which we derive a closed‐form pricing formula for caplets. The empirical performance of two specifications of our framework is illustrated by calibration to market data.
When Diabetes Confronts HIV: Biological Sub‐citizenship at a Public Hospital in Nairobi, Kenya
Authors: Bosire Edna , Mendenhall Emily , Omondi Gregory Barnabas , Ndetei David 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis article investigates how international donor policies cultivate a form of biological sub‐citizenship for those with diabetes in Kenya. We interviewed 100 patients at a public hospital clinic in Nairobi, half with a diabetes diagnosis. We focus on three vignettes that illustrate how our study participants differentially perceived and experienced living with and seeking treatment and care for diabetes compared to other conditions, with a special focus on HIV. We argue that biological sub‐citizenship, where those with HIV have consistent and comprehensive free medical care and those with diabetes must pay out‐of‐pocket for testing and treatment, impedes diabetes testing and treatment. Once diagnosed, many are then systematically excluded from the health care system due to their own inability to pay. We argue that the systematic exclusion from international donor money creates a form of biological sub‐citizenship based on neoliberal economic policies that undermine other public health protections, such as universal primary health care.
Play and Liturgy Towards a Transcendental Sense of the Experience of the Mystery
Authors: Zizic Ivica 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn The Spirit of Liturgy, Romano Guardini argued that liturgy is a playful activity. But one may ask, can liturgy really be analysed in light of the experience of play? This question opens up different theoretical problems, which range from a fundamental understanding of play and its celebratory spirit to a consideration of liturgy as an event of the divine Mystery. In this paper, I will therefore explore the nature of Christian ritual performance, drawing on a phenomenological analysis of the connections between play and liturgy in the process, before concluding that the liturgy – from a transcendental perspective – is in fact a playful activity. The argument will thus include a study of the particularity and difference of the original ritual patterns and the universe of play, thereby bringing into focus the interplay between the sense of rite and the experience of play. In such a way, I will show that play provides us with one of the possible ways of approaching the essence of the Christian ritual celebration as a transcendental experience of Mystery, as well as shedding light on the interrelation between homo ludens and homo liturgicus.
Anesthetic considerations for scoliosis surgery in a patient with recessive severe/lethal form of osteogenesis imperfecta
Authors: Chin Joel W. E. , Stuart Grant M. 
Published: August 2018

SummaryOsteogenesis imperfecta is a heterogeneous genetic disorder characterized by bone fragility, with disease ranging from mild fractures to death in utero. We describe a child with autosomal recessive osteogenesis imperfecta type VIII (severe or lethal phenotype), who successfully underwent posterior spinal fusion, was extubated on postoperative day 1 and discharged home 25 days later. Recently identified recessive forms of osteogenesis imperfecta are associated with severe/lethal phenotype. Special consideration is needed in scoliosis surgery, with challenges arising from prone positioning, neurophysiology monitoring, and blood loss.
Analysis of the putative tumor suppressor gene cdkn2ab in pigment cells and melanoma of Xiphophorus and medaka
Authors: Regneri Janine , Klotz Barbara , Wilde Brigitta , Kottler Verena A. , Hausmann Michael , Kneitz Susanne , Regensburger Martina , Maurus Katja , Götz Ralph , Lu Yuan , Walter Ronald B. , Herpin Amaury , Schartl Manfred 
Published: August 2018

SummaryIn humans, the CDKN2A locus encodes two transcripts, INK4A and ARF. Inactivation of either one by mutations or epigenetic changes is a frequent signature of malignant melanoma and one of the most relevant entry points for melanomagenesis. To analyze whether cdkn2ab, the fish ortholog of CDKN2A, has a similar function as its human counterpart, we studied its action in fish models for human melanoma. Overexpression of cdkn2ab in a Xiphophorus melanoma cell line led to decreased proliferation and induction of a senescence‐like phenotype, indicating a melanoma‐suppressive function analogous to mammals. Coexpression of Xiphophorus cdkn2ab in medaka transgenic for the mitfa:xmrk melanoma‐inducing gene resulted in full suppression of melanoma development, whereas CRISPR/Cas9 knockout of cdkn2ab resulted in strongly enhanced tumor growth. In summary, this provides the first functional evidence that cdkn2ab acts as a potent tumor suppressor gene in fish melanoma models.
Development and validation of the Vitiligo Extent Score for a Target Area (VESTA) to assess the treatment response of a target lesion
Authors: Bae Jung Min , Oh Sang Ho , Kang Hee Young , Ryoo Young Wook , Lan Cheng‐Che E. , Xiang Lei‐Hong , Kim Ki‐Ho , Suzuki Tamio , Katayama Ichiro , Lee Seung‐Chul ,   the East Asia Vitiligo Association
Published: August 2018

AbstractSince localized treatment for vitiligo is as essential as systemic treatment, a reliable instrument for target evaluation is needed besides those for whole body evaluation. We developed the Vitiligo Extent Score for a Target Area (VESTA) using reference images of both marginal and perifollicular repigmentation to measure the repigmentation rate (%) in a target lesion. In the validation study, a total of 65 dermatologists in 10 institutes evaluated 17 pairs of vitiligo images (pre‐ and post‐treatment) using both a rough estimate and the VESTA. The VESTA (concordance correlation coefficient: 0.949, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.942–0.955) was significantly more accurate than the rough estimate (0.896, 95% CI: 0.883–0.908). It was also associated with better inter‐rater reliability over the rough estimate, albeit not significant. The VESTA can afford intuitive, convenient, and reliable assessment of the treatment response in a target area, and would be useful in clinical practice as well as retrospective studies.
Natural hybridisation amongQuercus glabrescens,Q. rugosaandQ. obtusata(Fagaceae): Microsatellites and secondary metabolites markers
Authors: Castillo‐Mendoza E. , Salinas‐Sánchez D. , Valencia‐Cuevas L. , Zamilpa A. , Tovar‐Sánchez E. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractNatural hybridisation has significant ecological, genetic and evolutionary consequences altering morphological and chemical characters of individuals.Quercus glabrescens,Q. rugosaandQ. obtusataare white oak species well separated by their morphological characters when they occur in allopatry in Mexican temperate forests. However, in sympatry, individuals with atypical morphology have been observed, suggesting hybridisation events.In this study, we determined, with microsatellites and secondary metabolites, if interspecific gene flow occurs when these three oak species coexist in sympatry. In total, 180 individuals belonging to seven populations [three allopatric (one for each parental species) and four sympatric sites] were analysed.Allopatric populations represent well‐defined genetic groups and the sympatric populations showed genetic evidence of hybridisation betweenQ. glabrescens × Q. rugosaandQ. glabrescens × Q. obtusata. The hybridisation percentage varied between sites and combination of involved species. We registered the presence of unique flavonoid compounds forQ.glabrescens(caffeic acid and flavonol 2),Q. rugosa(flavonol 5) andQ. obtusata(flavonol 1). Three compounds (quercetin rhamnoside, flavonol 3 and alkyl coumarate) were expressed in all taxa. Finally, the hybrid genotypes identified in this study (Q. glabrescens × Q. rugosaandQ. glabrescens × Q. obtusata) showed specific chemical profiles, resulting from a combination of those of their parental species.These results show that hybridisation events between these oak species alter chemical expression of secondary metabolites, creating a mosaic of resources and conditions that provide the substrate for different combinations of foliar‐associated species such as herbivores, endophytic fungi or epiphyte plants.
Morphology and phylogeny of an unarmored dinoflagellate, Karlodinium jejuense sp. nov. (Gymnodiniales), isolated from the northern East China Sea
Authors: Li Zhun , Shin Hyeon Ho 
Published: August 2018

SUMMARYAn unarmored dinoflagellate, Karlodinium jejuense sp. nov., was isolated from the northern East China Sea. The species was characterized by light, fluorescence, and scanning electron microscopy of laboratory cultures, as well as SSU rDNA, ITS region (ITS1‐5.8S‐ITS2) and LSU rDNA gene sequences. Cells were ellipsoid to oval, small‐sized, 9.9–16.0 μm in length and 6.2–12.7 μm in width. The chloroplasts were 7–10 in number and yellow‐green in color. The central nucleus was large, located in the center of the cell. The linear apical groove with outward thick rolled margins was very short, and there was no ventral pore. Small pores were irregularly distributed on the cell surface. The amphiesmal vesicles were hexagonal and pentagonal. Karlodinium jejuense was morphologically similar to K. ballantinum but differed in cell surface characteristics and swimming pattern. The partial LSU sequence of K. jejuense differed by 3.7–4.1% from that of K. ballantinum. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of multi‐gene sequences revealed that K. jejuense was an independent species nested within the Karlodinium clade. Phylogenetic analysis based on partial LSU rDNA gene sequences indicated that K. jejuense was most closely related to K. gentienii and K. ballantinum.