bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A model statement does not enhance the verifiability approach
Authors: Bogaard Glynis , Meijer Ewout H. , Van der Plas Irina 
Published: July 2019

SummaryThe present experiment investigated to what extent providing participants with a model statement influences the ability of the verifiability approach to detect deception. Participants gave a true and false statement about a negative autobiographical event, with half of the participants receiving a detailed model statement just before giving their statement. We expected false statements to include more nonverifiable and less verifiable details than true statements and that providing a model statement would increase these differences. False statements indeed included more nonverifiable details than truthful statements but did not differ in the number of verifiable details. True statements included a higher ratio of verifiable details. The model statement encouraged participants to give a longer and more detailed statement. However, it prompted participants to increase the number of included verifiable—and not nonverifiable—details, regardless of veracity. Using a model statement did not influence the discriminability of the verifiability approach.
Quality‐Adjusted Life‐Years Lost Due to Physical Inactivity in a US Population With Osteoarthritis
Authors: Losina Elena , Silva Genevieve S. , Smith Karen C. , Collins Jamie E. , Hunter David J. , Shrestha Swastina , Messier Stephen P. , Yelin Ed H. , Suter Lisa G. , Paltiel A. David , Katz Jeffrey N. 
Published: July 2019

ObjectiveOne‐half of the 14 million persons in the US with knee osteoarthritis (OA) are not physically active, despite evidence that physical activity (PA) is associated with improved health. We undertook this study to estimate both the quality‐adjusted life‐year (QALY) losses in a US population with knee OA due to physical inactivity and the health benefits associated with higher PA levels.MethodsWe used data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to estimate the proportions of a US population with knee OA ages ≥45 years that are inactive, insufficiently active, and active, and the likelihood of a shift in their PA level. We used the OA Policy Model, a computer simulation of knee OA, to determine QALYs lost due to inactivity and to measure potential benefits of increased PA (comorbidities averted and QALYs saved).ResultsAmong 13.7 million persons with knee OA, a total of 7.5 million QALYs, or 0.55 QALYs per person, were lost due to inactivity or insufficient PA relative to activity over their remaining lifetimes. Black Hispanic women experienced the highest losses, at 0.76 QALYs per person. Women of all races/ethnicities had ~20% higher loss burdens than men. According to our model, if 20% of the inactive population were instead active, 95,920 cases of cancer, 222,413 of cardiovascular disease, and 214,725 of diabetes mellitus would potentially be averted, and 871,541 potential QALYs would be saved.ConclusionPhysical inactivity leads to substantial QALY losses in a US population with knee OA. Increases in the activity levels in even a fraction of this population may have considerable collateral health benefits, potentially averting cases of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes mellitus.
The diagnostic utility of targeted gene panel sequencing in discriminating etiologies of cytopenia
Authors: Zheng Gang , Chen Ping , Pallavajjalla Aparna , Haley Lisa , Gondek Lukasz , Dezern Amy , Ling Hua , De Marchi Federico , Lin Ming‐Tseh , Gocke Christopher 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe diagnostic utility of somatic mutations in the context of cytopenias is unclear: clonal hematopoiesis can be found in healthy individuals, patients with aplastic anemia (AA), clonal cytopenia of undetermined significance (CCUS) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). We examined a cohort of 207 well‐characterized cytopenic patients with a 640‐gene next generation sequencing (NGS) panel and compared its diagnostic utility with a “virtual” 41 gene panel. The TET2, SF3B1, ASXL1, and TP53 were the most commonly mutated genes (frequency > 10%). Mutations in the 640‐gene panel show high sensitivity (98.3%) but low specificity (47.6%) for diagnosis of MDS. Notably, mutations of splicing factors and genes in the RAS pathway are relatively specific to MDS. Furthermore, high variant allele frequency (VAF) predicts MDS: when the VAF is set at 20%, the positive predictive value (PPV) for MDS is 95.9%, with a specificity of 95.3%. The presence of two or more somatic mutations with ≥10% VAF showed a PPV of 95.2%. While the “virtual” 41‐gene panel showed a mild decrease in sensitivity (95.7% vs 98.3%), 100% specificity was observed when either VAF was set at ≥20% (100% vs 95.3%), or two or more somatic mutations had VAFs ≥ 10%. Our study shows targeted gene panel sequencing improves the diagnostic approach and accuracy for unexplained cytopenia, with its high sensitivity and high PPV for MDS when applying VAF cutoffs. Furthermore, a 41‐gene panel was shown to have at least comparable performance characteristics to the large 640‐gene panel.
Ellis‐van Creveld syndrome in a patient from Tanzania
Authors: Dekker Marieke C. J. , Sadiq Adnan M. , Jusabani Mubashir A. , Mdavire Vivian J. , Baas Frank , Morton David H. , Hamel Ben C. J. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe report an African infant with Ellis‐van Creveld (EVC) syndrome. EVC syndrome is a chondral and ectodermal dysplasia with autosomal recessive transmission. The baby presented with polydactyly, short limbs and atrioventricular septal defect, but was withdrawn from clinical follow up for the first year of life. Initial hematological abnormalities could not be explained and normalized later. EVC syndrome was confirmed by genetic analysis that showed two pathogenic mutations in the EVC2 gene, c.653_654del, p.Val218Glyfs*12 in exon 5, and c.2710C>T, p.Gln904* in exon 16. The variant c.653_654del; p.Val218Glyfs*12 in exon 5 has not been described before. Our review of medical literature suggested this is the first molecularly confirmed case of EVC syndrome in sub‐Saharan Africa.
Differentially methylated regions in bipolar disorder and suicide
Authors: Gaine Marie E. , Seifuddin Fayaz , Sabunciyan Sarven , Lee Richard S. , Benke Kelly S. , Monson Eric T. , Zandi Peter P. , Potash James B. , Willour Virginia L. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe addition of a methyl group to, typically, a cytosine‐guanine dinucleotide (CpG) creates distinct DNA methylation patterns across the genome that can regulate gene expression. Aberrant DNA methylation of CpG sites has been associated with many psychiatric disorders including bipolar disorder (BD) and suicide. Using the SureSelectXT system, Methyl‐Seq, we investigated the DNA methylation status of CpG sites throughout the genome in 50 BD individuals (23 subjects who died by suicide and 27 subjects who died from other causes) and 31 nonpsychiatric controls. We identified differentially methylated regions (DMRs) from three analyses: (a) BD subjects compared to nonpsychiatric controls (BD‐NC), (b) BD subjects who died by suicide compared to nonpsychiatric controls (BDS‐NC), and (c) BDS subjects compared to BD subjects who died from other causes (BDS‐BDNS). One DMR from the BDS‐NC analysis, located in ARHGEF38, was significantly hypomethylated (23.4%) in BDS subjects. This finding remained significant after multiple testing (PBootstrapped = 9.0 × 10−3), was validated using pyrosequencing, and was more significant in males. A secondary analysis utilized Ingenuity Pathway Analysis to identify enrichment in nominally significant DMRs. This identified an association with several pathways including axonal guidance signaling, calcium signaling, β‐adrenergic signaling, and opioid signaling. Our comprehensive study provides further support that DNA methylation alterations influence the risk for BD and suicide. However, further investigation is required to confirm these associations and identify their functional consequences.
Fetal cervical hyperextension in arthrogryposis
Authors: Hall Judith G. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPerhaps the most dramatic position of a newborn after delivery is when there is hyperextension of the neck and spine. It will have been presented in utero and today, almost always, such babies will have been delivered by C‐section. The associated anomalies are variable. The process(es) that can lead to cervical hyperextension is/are largely unknown. The outcome is variable from lethal to completely resolve. Individuals with arthrogryposis and in particular with Amyoplasia appear to have an increased frequency of neck, cervical, and spine hyperextension at birth. We present here 41 cases of arthrogryposis (mainly Amyoplasia) with fetal cervical hyperextension. The outlook is surprisingly good if spinal cord trauma does not occur. Ultrasound late in pregnancy when arthrogryposis is recognized prenatally should determine whether cervical hyperextension has developed, so that appropriate preventive measures can be taken.
Metal‐Free Synthesis of 3,4‐Dihydroquinolin‐2(1H)‐Ones via Cascade Oxidative Decarbonylative Radical Alkylation/Cyclization of Cinnamamides with Aliphatic Aldehydes
Authors: Xu Xuemei , Luo Zaigang , Liu Chen‐Fu , Wang Xiuxiu , Deng Liangdan , Gao Jie 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA practical and efficient method for synthesis of alkyl‐substituted 3,4‐dihydroquinolin‐2(1H)‐ones via cascade oxidative decarbonylative radical alkylation/cyclization of cinnamamides with aliphatic aldehydes under metal‐free conditions was developed. The reaction offers a complementary approach of regioselective intramolecular 6‐endo‐trig cyclization of cinnamamides with various primary, secondary and tertiary alkyl radicals generated from aliphatic aldehydes.
An Unprecedented Cyclization Mechanism in the Biosynthesis of Carbazole Alkaloids in Streptomyces
Authors: Kobayashi Masaya , Tomita Takeo , Shin‐ya Kazuo , Nishiyama Makoto , Kuzuyama Tomohisa 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCarquinostatin A (CQS), a potent neuroprotective substance, is a unique carbazole alkaloid with both an ortho‐quinone function and an isoprenoid moiety. We identified the entire gene cluster responsible for CQS biosynthesis in Streptomyces exfoliatus through heterologous production of CQS and gene deletion. Biochemical characterization of seven CQS biosynthetic gene products (CqsB1–7) established the total biosynthetic pathway of CQS. Reconstitution of CqsB1 and CqsB2 showed that the synthesis of the carbazole skeleton involves CqsB1‐catalyzed decarboxylative condensation of an α‐hydroxyl‐β‐keto acid intermediate with 3‐hydroxybutyryl‐ACP followed by CqsB2‐catalyzed oxidative cyclization. Based on crystal structures and mutagenesis‐based biochemical assays, a detailed mechanism for the unique deprotonation‐initiated cyclization catalyzed by CqsB2 is proposed. Finally, analysis of the substrate specificity of the biosynthetic enzymes led to the production of novel carbazoles.
Observation of the Low‐Frequency Spectrum of the Water Dimer as a Sensitive Test of the Water Dimer Potential and Dipole Moment Surfaces
Authors: Schwan Raffael , Qu Chen , Mani Devendra , Pal Nitish , van der Meer Lex , Redlich Britta , Leforestier Claude , Bowman Joel M. , Schwaab Gerhard , Havenith Martina 
Published: July 2019

AbstractUsing the helium nanodroplet isolation setup at the ultrabright free‐electron laser source FELIX in Nijmegen (BoHeNDI@FELIX), the intermolecular modes of water dimer in the frequency region from 70 to 550 cm−1 were recorded. Observed bands were assigned to donor torsion, acceptor wag, acceptor twist, intermolecular stretch, donor torsion overtone, and in‐plane and out‐of‐plane librational modes. This experimental data set provides a sensitive test for state‐of‐the‐art water potentials and dipole moment surfaces. Theoretical calculations of the IR spectrum are presented using high‐level quantum and approximate quasiclassical molecular dynamics approaches. These calculations use the full‐dimensional ab initio WHHB potential and dipole moment surfaces. Based on the experimental data, a considerable increase of the acceptor switch and a bifurcation tunneling splitting in the librational mode is deduced, which is a consequence of the effective decrease in the tunneling barrier.
Guideline Implementation: A Safe Environment of Care
Authors: Link Terri 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTThe OR can be a hazardous environment for both patients and personnel. Low lighting, fluid on the floor, combustible and noxious chemicals, multiple pieces of equipment with cords, the fast pace, and numerous distractions are only some of the factors that can lead to an accident or injury. The AORN “Guideline for a safe environment of care” provides guidance to perioperative personnel on identifying hazards and implementing processes to mitigate risks in the perioperative setting. This article elaborates on key takeaways from the guideline, including precautions to reduce the risk of OR fires; occupational injuries associated with slips, trips, and falls; and handling, storing, and using hazardous chemicals. Perioperative RNs should review the complete guideline for additional information and for guidance when writing and updating policies and procedures.
Natural‐based polymers for antibacterial treatment of absorbent materials
Authors: Kaplan Sibel , Aslan Selçuk , Ulusoy Seyhan , Oral Ayhan 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTIn this study, polypropylene (PP) nonwoven fabric which can be used as topsheet layer of an absorbent hygienic product was modified by natural based antibacterial agents. Antibacterial herbal agents (cinnamaldehyde, geraniol, phenylethyl alcohol) were sprayed by ethanol or applied by means of polylactic acid (PLA) and polycyclohexene oxide (PCHO) based polymers prepared by three different chemical methods. Characterization of synthesized materials was conductedviathermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA), and scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X–ray spectroscopy (SEM‐EDX). Besides characterization, antibacterial and pH buffering performances of antibacterial polymers alone and on PP fabric were tested by antibacterial and pH tests. Effects of antibacterial treatments on air permeability and absorption period of nonwoven fabrics were also analyzed. According to the results, biopolymers changed the thermal stability of PP nonwoven fabric. Antibacterial performances can be ranked as cinnamaldehyde, geraniol, and phenylethyl alcohol from the best. Besides a slight decrease about liquid absorption performance, all of the treated topsheet fabrics are sufficient for an absorbent hygienic product. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2020,137, 48302.
Design and synthesis of 1,2,4‐triazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidine derivatives as PDE 4B inhibitors endowed with bronchodilator activity
Authors: Abd El‐Aleam Rehab H. , George Riham F. , Lee Kevin J. , Keeton Adam B. , Piazza Gary A. , Kamel Amr A. , El‐Daly Mahmoud E. , Hassan Ghaneya S. , Abdel‐Rahman Hamdy M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA series of 1,2,4‐triazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidine derivatives was designed, synthesized, and screened for their phosphodiesterase (PDE 4B) inhibitory activity and bronchodilation ability. Compound 7e showed 41.80% PDE 4B inhibition at 10 µM. Eight compounds were screened for their bronchodilator activity, where compounds 7f and 7e elicited promising bronchodilator activity with EC50 values of 18.6 and 57.1 µM, respectively, compared to theophylline (EC50 = 425 µM). Molecular docking at the PDE 4B active site revealed a binding mode and docking scores comparable to those of a reference ligand, consistent with their PDE 4B inhibition activity.
Increased Adhesive Potential of Antiphospholipid Syndrome Neutrophils Mediated by β2 Integrin Mac‐1
Authors: Sule Gautam , Kelley William J. , Gockman Kelsey , Yalavarthi Srilakshmi , Vreede Andrew P. , Banka Alison L. , Bockenstedt Paula L. , Eniola‐Adefeso Omolola , Knight Jason S. 
Published: July 2019

ObjectiveWhile the role of antiphospholipid antibodies in activating endothelial cells has been extensively studied, the impact of these antibodies on the adhesive potential of leukocytes has received less attention. This study was undertaken to investigate the extent to which antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) neutrophils adhere to resting endothelial cells under physiologic flow conditions and the surface molecules required for that adhesion.MethodsPatients with primaryAPS(n = 43), patients with a history of venous thrombosis but negative test results for antiphospholipid antibodies (n = 11), and healthy controls (n = 38) were studied. Cells were introduced into a flow chamber and perfused across resting human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Surface adhesion molecules were quantified by flow cytometry. Neutrophil extracellular trap release (NETosis) was assessed in neutrophil‐HUVECcocultures.ResultsUpon perfusion of anticoagulated blood through the flow chamber,APSneutrophils demonstrated increased adhesion as compared to control neutrophils under conditions representative of either venous (n = 8;P< 0.05) or arterial (n = 15;P< 0.0001) flow. At the same time,APSneutrophils were characterized by up‐regulation ofCD64,CEACAM1, β2‐glycoprotein I, and activated Mac‐1 on their surface (n = 12–18;P< 0.05 for all markers). Exposing control neutrophils toAPSplasma orAPSIgG resulted in increased neutrophil adhesion (n = 10–11;P< 0.0001) and surface marker up‐regulation as compared to controls. A monoclonal antibody specific for activated Mac‐1 reduced the adhesion ofAPSneutrophils in the flow‐chamber assay (P< 0.01). The same monoclonal antibody reducedNETosis in neutrophil–HUVECcocultures (P< 0.01).ConclusionAPSneutrophils demonstrate increased adhesive potential, which is dependent upon the activated form of Mac‐1. In patients, this could lower the threshold for neutrophil–endothelium interactions,NETosis, and possibly thrombotic events.
Stable Acetals of Glyoxal as Electrolyte Solvents for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Hess Lars H. , Wankmüller Simon , Köps Lukas , Bothe Annika , Balducci Andrea 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this manuscript, we report for the first time about the use of the glyoxylic‐acetals‐based electrolytes in combination with graphite electrodes. We showed that these innovative electrolytes display good viscosities and conductivities, as well as higher thermal stability and flash points compared to the electrolyte based on conventional solvents. Additionally, they display intrinsic film‐forming ability and they can be successfully used in combination with graphite electrodes.
Noncoding RNAs in development and teratology, with focus on effects of cannabis, cocaine, nicotine, and ethanol
Authors: Pinson Marisa R. , Miranda Rajesh C. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCompletion of the Human Genome Project has led to the identification of a large number of transcription start sites that are not paired with protein‐coding genes, supporting the growing recognition of the abundance of encoded nonprotein‐coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and their importance for speciation and species‐specific development. Present in both plants and animals, ncRNAs vary in size, function, primary sequence, and secondary structure. While microRNAs (miRNAs) are the best known, there are a number of other ncRNAs (long[er] nonprotein‐coding RNA, pseudogenes, circular RNAs, and so on) that have been shown to play an important role in the development either directly or via networks of proteins and other ncRNAs, including modulating the impact of miRNAs. Furthermore, these ncRNAs and their developmental regulatory networks are sensitive to teratogens such as ethanol, cannabis, cocaine, and nicotine. A better understanding of the developmental role of ncRNAs and their capacity to mediate teratogenesis is a necessary step in efforts to minimize the long‐term consequences of developmental exposures to drugs‐of‐abuse. Moreover, with increasing awareness of the prevalence of polydrug use, experimental models will need to incorporate more complex drug exposure paradigms into meaningful assessments of developmental ncRNA function.
Multi‐institutional analysis of the prognostic significance of postoperative complications after curative resection for gastric cancer
Authors: Kanda Mitsuro , Ito Seiji , Mochizuki Yoshinari , Teramoto Hitoshi , Ishigure Kiyoshi , Murai Toshifumi , Asada Takahiro , Ishiyama Akiharu , Matsushita Hidenobu , Tanaka Chie , Kobayashi Daisuke , Fujiwara Michitaka , Murotani Kenta , Kodera Yasuhiro 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundInsufficient data are available on the prognostic significance of complications after resection of gastric cancer. Therefore, we aimed to assess this gap in our knowledge by studying patients with resectable gastric cancer.MethodsA multi‐institutional retrospective database comprising clinical information of 3575 patients who received resection of gastric cancer from 2010 to 2014 at nine institutions. Grades 2 or greater complications of the Clavien‐Dindo classification were judged as clinically relevant postoperative complications, and their associations with postoperative survival were assessed. We assessed the effect of complications on times of initiation and continuation of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy by S‐1.ResultsA total of 2954 patients were included in the analysis. Clinically relevant postoperative complications occurred in 664 (23%) patients. Patients’ recurrence‐free survival rate incrementally decreased as the grade of complications became greater. Patients with abdominal complications (eg, leakage of pancreatic fluids, intra‐abdominal abscess, and anastomotic leakage) and those with nonabdominal complications (eg, pneumonia) experienced worse recurrence‐free survival compared to those without complications. Patients who had complications were generally at greater risk of disease recurrence, except for those who underwent laparoscopic surgery and those with pathological stage I. Delayed initiation and shorter continuation of adjuvant S‐1 chemotherapy was experienced by patients with postoperative complications.ConclusionsPostoperative complications adversely affected the prognosis in patients with resectable gastric cancer.
Prognostic nomograms to predict overall survival and cancer‐specific survival in patients with pelvic chondrosarcoma
Authors: Chen Li , Long Cheng , Liu Jiaxin , Duan Xin , Xiang Zhou 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe pelvis is the most common site of chondrosarcoma (CS), and the prognosis for patients with pelvic CS is worse than that for patients with CS in the extremities. However, clinicians have had few tools for estimating the likelihood of survival in patients with pelvic CS. Our aim was to develop nomograms to predict survival of patients with pelvic CS.MethodsData from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database of patients with pelvic CS between 2004 and 2016 were retrieved for retrospective analysis. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were used to identify independent prognostic factors. On the basis of the results of the multivariate analyses, nomograms were constructed to predict the likelihood of 3‐ and 5‐year overall survival (OS) and cancer‐specific survival (CSS) of patients with pelvic CS. The concordance index (C‐index) and calibration curves were used to test the models.ResultsIn univariate and multivariate analyses of OS, sex, pathologic grade, tumor size, tumor stage, and surgery were identified as the independent risk factors. In univariate and multivariate analyses of CSS, pathologic grade, tumor size, tumor stage, and surgery were identified as the independent risk factors. These characteristics except surgery were integrated in the nomograms for predicting 3‐ and 5‐year OS and CSS, and the C‐indexes were 0.758 and 0.786, respectively.ConclusionThe nomograms precisely and individually predict OS and CSS of patients with pelvic CS and could aid in personalized prognostic evaluation and individualized clinical decision‐making.