bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time series prediction of aerosol optical depth across the northern Indian region: integrating PSO-optimized SARIMA-SVR based on MODIS data
Authors: Panicker Naumi Krishna K. , Valarmathi J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAccurately predicting aerosol optical depth (AOD), a key parameter for characterizing atmospheric aerosols, is essential due to the increasing prevalence of air pollution and its detrimental effects. From existing literature on AOD time-series prediction, linear models like seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) are commonly used, while nonlinear models such as machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) have gained popularity recently for their ability to handle nonlinear patterns. This study introduces a hybrid model, particle swarm optimization-seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average-support vector regression (PSOSARIMA-PSOSVR), which integrates linear and nonlinear modeling through residual modeling to significantly enhance AOD prediction accuracy. By combining these approaches, we aim to better handle the nonlinearities and overall variability in AOD data, leading to more accurate predictions. To address hyperparameter tuning challenges, including the risks of model misspecification and overfitting or underfitting, PSO is utilized for optimization. PSO’s evolutionary optimization ensures efficient tuning for optimal model performance. Monthly AOD data sourced from the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite covering the northern Indian region from 2001 to 2019 is used for experiments. Performance metrics such as root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), coefficient of determination ($$R^2$$

R
2

), Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), and root mean square error ratio (RSR) are employed to evaluate model accuracy and dependability. The results of this study illustrate that the proposed PSOSARIMA-PSOSVR model outperforms both standalone PSOSARIMA and PSOSVR models. Moreover, it consistently surpasses SARIMA, SVR, and long short-term memory (LSTM) in AOD prediction, effectively addressing non-stationarity and variability challenges in AOD data. This study suggests the hybrid model as a promising approach for improving the accuracy of AOD prediction.
Finite Element Model Updating for Material Model Calibration: A Review and Guide to Practice
Authors: Chen Bin , Starman Bojan , Halilovič Miroslav , Berglund Lars A. , Coppieters Sam 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFinite element model updating (FEMU) is an advanced inverse parameter identification method capable of identifying multiple parameters in a material model through one or a few well-designed material tests. The method has become more mature thanks to the widespread use of full-field measurement techniques, such as digital image correlation. Proper application of FEMU requires extensive expertise. This paper offers a review of FEMU and a guide to practice. It also presents FEMU-DIC, an open-source software package. We conclude by discussing the challenges and opportunities in this field with the intent of inspiring future research.
Rectal Prolapse in the Pediatric Population
Authors: Moon James K. , Stratigis John D. , Lipskar Aaron M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose of Review
Rectal prolapse in the pediatric population presents a clinical challenge with wide variability in etiology, presentation, work-up and management. In this article, we reviewed the evidence supporting various medical and surgical treatment options as well as the recent trends amongst pediatric surgeons.

Recent Findings
Medical therapy is highly effective in most patients, with bowel management programs being particularly successful. Nonetheless, medically refractory disease, often seen in older children and in children with behavioral/psychiatric disorders, can be challenging. Sclerotherapy with ethanol or 5% phenol can be effective local treatments. 15% hypertonic saline, 50% dextrose, and Deflux are additional safe alternatives. Perianal procedures and perineal procedures are less invasive surgical options, but transabdominal rectopexy appears to be the favored treatment for disease refractory to local treatment. Transabdominal rectopexy with sigmoidectomy, the recommended operation in the adult population for patients with prolapse and constipation, appears only to be preferred in the pediatric population for postoperative recurrences.

Recent Findings
While outcomes of medical treatment for pediatric rectal prolapse are excellent, sclerotherapy and transabdominal rectopexy are effective options for refractory disease preferred by most pediatric surgeons.
Efficacy and safety of durvalumab rechallenge in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients refractory to prior anti-PD-1 therapy
Authors: Lai Kuan-Chang , Chen Yen-Hao , Hung Yi‑Ping , Chiang Nai-Jung , Chen Ming‑Huang , Chen San-Chi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background/purpose
Recently, anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (anti-PD-1) and anti-PD-L1 therapies were approved for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the effectiveness of rechallenging with one immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) after failure of another remains unclear. This study explores the efficacy and safety of anti-PD-L1 rechallenge in patients who failed anti-PD-1 therapy.

Methods
From January 2016 to December 2023, 65 advanced HCC patients previously treated with anti-PD-1 therapy were retrospectively enrolled and rechallenged with durvalumab (480 mg IV every 2 weeks).

Results
Overall, 86.2% of patients received nivolumab and 13.8% pembrolizumab as prior anti-PD-1 therapy. The overall response rate (ORR) to durvalumab was 13.8%. Patients who responded to prior anti-PD-1 had a higher ORR compared to non-responders (31.3% vs. 8.7%, p = 0.04). Patients with any grade of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) from durvalumab had a higher ORR than those without irAEs (35.3% vs. 6.7%, p = 0.01). The median PFS was 5.4 months, and the median OS was 9.6 months. Responders to prior anti-PD-1 showed longer OS (33.9 vs. 8.2 months, p < 0.01) and a trend toward longer PFS (13.8 vs. 4.9 months, p = 0.07) compared to non-responders. Multivariate analysis identified prior anti-PD-1 response (HR: 0.31) as the only protective factor for death. Common irAEs were skin toxicity (13.8%) and hepatitis (7.7%); no correlation was found between irAEs from prior anti-PD-1 and durvalumab treatment.

Conclusion
This study provides the first, concrete evidence that durvalumab rechallenge is effective for HCC patients who are refractory to anti-PD-1 therapy, especially for those who previously responded to anti-PD-1 treatment.
Recovery of Potassium-Rich Struvite in a Pig Farm Downstream a Nitrogen Removal Treatment Plant: Technological, Agricultural and Economic Assessment
Authors: Magrí Albert , Company Emma , Farrès Moises , Ferrer Jordi , González Elena , Domingo Francesc , Colprim Jesús 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSimultaneous recovery of phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and magnesium (Mg) as precipitated phosphate salt (PPS) was assessed (K-struvite and hazenite included) in a pig farm downstream a nitrification-denitrification unit. The precipitation process was addressed using denitrified effluent (DE) and waste sludge (WS) purged from the bioreactor. For DE, the inherent unbalanced Mg:K:P molar ratio (1.4:9.5:1.0; 1.6 g K/L) led to poor K recovery (≤ 15%) if considering P as the limiting element. By considering K as limiting, the supply of external sources of Mg and P (final Mg:K:P as 1.0:0.5:1.0) allowed the recovery of most of the K available. For WS, a selective pretreatment with oxalic acid resulted in an available Mg:K:P ratio of 0.8:1.2:1.0. Risk of interference by free calcium will exist if the operational parameters are not optimized, thus constraining the recovery of K (≤ 51%). A fertilization field trial demonstrated the fertilizing value of the recovered PPS with respect to a mineral fertilizer, and the increased risk of soil salinization under a reiterative application of processed DE. Scenarios without extra addition of nutrients will introduce an enhanced handling in the current nutrient management planning of the pig farm. On the contrary, the trade of the PPS formed becomes essential when external sources of Mg and P were added.
Graphical Abstract
Transcriptomic, mutational and structural bioinformatics approaches to explore the therapeutic role of FAP in predominant cancer types
Authors: Ashok Gayathri , AlAsmari Abdullah F. , AlAsmari Fawaz , Livingstone Paul , Anbarasu Anand , Ramaiah Sudha 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFibroblast activating protein (FAP) is a cell surface marker of cancer-associated fibroblasts with a distinct pro-tumorigenic role. The present study analyzed the pan-cancer expression; and clinical and mutational profiles of the FAP coding gene. Molecular dynamics simulation (MDS) deciphered the backbone dynamics and energetics of FAP. Virtual screening and subsequent pharmacokinetic-profiling (PK) filtered lead molecules, which were subjected to molecular docking. MDS projected a stable trajectory for the protein, as dynamics evidenced by low residue-level fluctuations, stable backbone dynamics, and energetics. Around five stabilization and deleterious mutations in the catalytic domain were identified. The low binding energy (BE) profiles from molecular docking studies screened the top five lead molecules for site-specific intermolecular interaction studies. Lead-16 (ZINC000245289699) exhibited a significant BE and inhibition constant of −6.87 kcal/mol and 12.27 μM, respectively, across FAP and its mutants. Interestingly, the docked complexes of Lead-16 interacted with the catalytic triad residues (S624, D702, and H734). The docked complexes of Lead-16 with FAP showed lower average root-mean-square fluctuations compared to the unbound protein, suggesting a stable ligand–protein complex. The tumor-specific expression and its critical overall survival suggest the inhibitors of FAP for potential cancer therapeutic intervention and hindering tumor microenvironment-driven cancer progression.
Web-based voice recognition survey apps as the “new interviewer”: development and practicality of a voice pseudo-face-to-face survey system
Authors: Park Yoosung , Maeda Tadahiko , Mochihashi Daichi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Traditional survey methods are at a crossroads in Japan owing to decreasing response rates and survey participation. Therefore, this study developed a novel survey method utilizing a Web-based voice recognition survey app as a new “interviewer” that replaces humans to conduct large-scale surveys for probability samples following the same procedure as conventional interview surveys. This study entails the development of the survey process and evaluating the practical feasibility of the new survey methodology. Overall, the response rate of the new survey method was not as high as that of the usual interview surveys. Furthermore, this study shows that the response rate was low compared with the login rate. Consequently, more attractive survey participation features should be developed to retain participants’ responses from the time they log in until they complete the survey.
To reform or preserve? Responsible leadership in community-oriented small businesses
Authors: Simunaniemi Anna-Mari , Kangas Emilia 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn contemporary entrepreneurship, leadership advances both internal and external stakeholders’ interests while safeguarding the broader interests of humanity and the planet. Responsible leadership (RL) considers both the shareholders and external communities. This study focuses on implementation of RL in small for-profit businesses that exhibit a commitment to community engagement. We analyse the value-driven purposes that small business managers pursue through RL, the communities in which they exercise leadership to promote desired change, and which RL roles they apply. Five managers of small businesses located in rural or small Finnish towns were purposefully selected for this multiple case study ensuring a representation of diverse small businesses that actively articulate their objectives in relation to their communities. Each enterprise exemplifies a distinct RL approach within a two-dimensional matrix: physical proximity (or distance) to their target community and level of reformation (or preservation) of their purpose. As the output, we propose a novel, empirically validated four-field typology for RL approaches: local reformers, local preservers, global reformers, and global preservers. Additionally, we present an adapted version of the three-role RL model adapted to small businesses. Notable modifications include the division of the original facilitator role into formal and informal employers and the incorporation of the four RL approaches under the citizen role. The novelty lies in a nuanced description of RL with regards to the community, purpose, and roles in the context of small businesses.
Predictors of school burnout among German high school students
Authors: Bierling Antonie Louise , Rehfeld Jule , Weichold Karina , Croy Ilona 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBurnout refers to characteristic stress symptoms resulting from chronic overload at the workplace. However, increased stress and strain are observed already in adolescents in the context of school. Previous work shows that school burnout is associated with female gender, immigration background, higher academic achievement, and increasing grade level. We aimed at replicating these findings and extending them by investigating subjective stressors in a survey among 502 German high school students. Higher burnout scores related to all previously reported predictors, as well as the subjective stressors “homework” and “pressure to perform at school”, explaining up to 24% of the variance in burnout scores. These findings provide valuable evidence for effective prevention measures, optimal timing and target groups to combat school burnout.
Bonaventure's 'Journey of the Soul into God'
Authors: Smith Randall 
Published: November 2024

Saint Bonaventure's Journey of the Soul into God is one of the most important works in the Christian mystical tradition. Highly regarded for it clarity, rational organization, and subtle insights, it is also one of the key theological treatises of the high Middle Ages. In this volume, Randall Smith provides the first comprehensive commentary in English of Bonaventure's classic text. He situates the work within its historical, intellectual, and cultural contexts, showing how a consideration of Bonaventure's sources helps us appreciate his text. Smith also provides an extended analysis not only of the intellectual content of the Journey of the Soul into God, but also its structure and creative use of imagery. Analyzing how Bonaventure employed and adapted the methods of thirteenth century sermo modernus-style of preaching to produce a deftly condensed work, he demonstrates how his text is at once a profound work of mysticism as well as a sophisticated and thoughtful work of medieval theology.
Divergent Drivers of Declining Urban Vegetation Productivity and Transpiration During Heatwaves
Authors: Chen Han , Wei Yizhao , Huang Jinhui Jeanne 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHeatwave events, characterized by high vapor pressure deficit (VPD) and low soil moisture (SM), considerably disrupt the regional carbon and water cycle. However, research pertaining to the impact of heatwaves on vegetation productivity (VPu) and vegetation transpiration (VTu), along with their underlying drivers, particularly in urban areas, remains limited. This study investigates the response of VPu and VTu to heatwave events across 895 global cities from 1990 to 2022. The analysis reveals a notable upward trend in the average heatwave frequency, intensity, and duration across the global cities. Heatwave events demonstrate a detrimental impact on VPu and VTu, resulting in an average decrease of 28% and 26%, respectively, during heatwave occurrences. The attribution analysis reveals divergent driving factors for the decline in VPu and VTu during heatwaves. The decrease in VPu is primarily influenced by SM, contributing 60% to the downward trend of VPu during heatwaves. Notably, VPu displays a sharp downward trend when SM falls below 0.38 m3/m3. In contrast, the primary driver of VTu decline is VPD, contributing more than 66% to the downward trend of VTu during heatwave events. VTu exhibits a significant downward trend when VPD exceeds 1.35 kPa. The results of this study show the important effects of increasingly frequent heatwaves on vegetation transpiration and productivity, and that can be used as quantitative factor to be evaluated when investigating policy measures for the resilience of urban areas.
Impacts of Different Satellite‐Based Precipitation Signature Errors on Hydrological Modeling Performance Across China
Authors: Miao Chiyuan , Gou Jiaojiao , Hu Jinlong , Duan Qingyun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe quasi‐global availability of satellite‐based precipitation products (SPPs) holds significant potential for improving hydrological modeling skill. However, limited knowledge exists concerning the impacts of different SPP error type on hydrological modeling skill and their sensitivity across different climate zones. In this study, forcing data sets from 10 SPPs were collected to drive hydrological models during the period 2001–2018 for 366 catchments across China. Here, we analyze the impact of the SPP errors associated with different precipitation intensities (light, moderate, and heavy) and different precipitation signatures (magnitude, variance, and occurrence) on the performance of hydrological simulations, and rank the sensitivities of SPPs errors for four major Köppen‐Geiger climate zones. The results show that heavy precipitation in SPPs is generally associated with higher errors than light and moderate precipitation when compared to gauge‐based precipitation observations, but hydrological model skill is more sensitive to errors from moderate precipitation than from heavy precipitation. The probability of moderate precipitation detection was identified as the most sensitive metric in determining hydrological model performance, with sensitivities of 0.58, 0.39, 0.59, and 0.47 in the temperate, boreal, arid, and highland climate zones, respectively. The variance error and magnitude error for heavy precipitation from SPPs were also identified as sensitive factors for hydrological modeling in the temperate and arid climate zones, respectively. These findings are crucial for enhancing the understanding of interactions between SPPs uncertainty and hydrological simulations, leading to improved data accuracy of precipitation forcing and the identification of appropriate SPPs for hydrological simulation in China.
Slip History, Tectonic Evolution, and Fault Zone Structure Along the Southern Alpine Fault, New Zealand
Authors: Mere A. M. , Barth N. C. , Schwartz J. J. , Kylander‐Clark A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe study of active fault zones is fundamental to understanding both long‐term tectonics and short‐term earthquake behavior. Here, we integrate lidar‐enabled geomorphic‐geologic mapping and petrochronological analysis to reveal the slip‐history, tectonic evolution, and structure of the southern Alpine Fault in New Zealand. New petrographic, zircon U‐Pb and zircon trace‐element data from fault‐displaced basement units provides constraint on ∼70–90 km of right‐lateral displacement on the presently active strand of the southern Alpine Fault, which we infer is of Plio‐Quaternary age. This incremental displacement has accumulated while the offshore part of the fault has evolved within a distributed zone of plate boundary deformation. We hypothesize that pre‐existing faults in the continental crust of the Pacific Plate have been exploited as components of this distributed plate boundary system. Along the onshore southern Alpine Fault, detailed mapping of active fault traces reveals complexity in geomorphic fault expression. Our analysis suggests that the major geomorphic features of the southern Alpine Fault correspond to penetrative fault zone structures. We emphasize the region immediately south of the central‐southern section boundary, where a major extensional stepover and restraining bend are located along‐strike of each other. We infer that this geometry may reflect segmentation of the Alpine Fault between two distinct fault segments. The ends of these proposed segments meet near where several Holocene earthquake ruptures have terminated. Our new constraints on the evolution and structure of the southern Alpine Fault help contribute to improved characterization of the greatest onshore source of earthquake hazard in New Zealand.
Localization and Delocalization During Seismic Slip
Authors: Savage Heather M. , Rowe Christie D. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe thickness of a seismic slip layer controls style and rate of rupture propagation, frictional heating, weakening, and energy budget of earthquakes. Slip layer thickness changes dynamically with feedbacks between temperature rise, roughness, damage, and fluid pressurization. Natural faults have complex slip histories, ambiguating which layer thicknesses represent a record of seismic slip. The thickness of proven paleoseismic slip layers in nature are 1 mm–1 cm. Thicker slip layers do not get hot enough to retain coseismic frictional temperature anomalies and thereby prevent the detection of big earthquakes using current methods. We suggest that delocalization—the spontaneous increase in slipping layer thickness during slip—plays a role in coseismic healing and cause biases in the rock record of earthquakes. Recognizing the importance of feedbacks affecting slipping layer thickness is critical to understanding strength and stress variations during earthquakes and to correctly interpreting earthquake source parameters from exhumed faults.
The Two‐Decade Evolution of Antarctica's Hektoria Glacier and Its 2022 Rapid Retreat From Satellite Observations
Authors: Fluegel Bailey L. , Walker Catherine 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBeginning in March 2022, the Antarctic Peninsula's Hektoria Glacier experienced an unprecedented retreat of ∼23 km over 1.5 years, one of the fastest observed glacier retreats on record. Improving constraints on the drivers of such extreme events is key to understanding glacier change around the continent and future sea‐level rise. We use satellite remote sensing and reanalysis data to characterize changes in Hektoria, a former Larsen B Ice Shelf tributary, over the last ∼20 years and document a period of retreat from 2002 to 2011, and readvancement from 2011 to 2022. We find that the long‐term ice front and velocity response (2002–2022) correlated more strongly with changes in modeled ocean temperatures compared to surface air temperatures. However, the acute loss of buttressing support following fast ice collapse paired with a near‐contemporaneous extreme atmospheric river in the region likely catalyzed the unprecedented 2022–2023 retreat.