bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antithrombotic properties of hemofilter coated with polymer having a hydrophilic blood-contacting layer
Authors: Tagaya Masashi , Hara Kazunobu , Takahashi Shunsuke , Nagoshi Saki , Handa Hiroki , Okano Shinya , Murataka Takuo 
Published: November 2018

Objective: Extracorporeal circulation devices are coated with a biocompatible polymer coating agent (BPCA) that has a hydrophilic blood-contacting layer, but hemofilters are not. We aimed to investigate the antithrombotic properties of a BPCA-coated hemofilter. Methods: Four experiments using BPCA-coated circuits and non-coated hemofilters and four experiments using BPCA-coated circuits and BPCA-coated hemofilters were performed with whole human blood and compared by measuring the circuit pressure every 5 min, antithrombin activity every 40 min, and thrombin–antithrombin complex every 40 min, for a total of 240 min of recirculation. Results: The mean time required for the pressure at the inlet of the hemofilter to increase sharply was longer in BPCA-coated than in non-coated hemofilters (66 ± 11 min vs 25 ± 9 min, p < 0.01). The mean antithrombin activity value at 200 and 240 min of recirculation was significantly higher in the experiments with BPCA-coated versus non-coated hemofilters (43.3 ± 2.87 vs 33.3 ± 5.74, p = 0.04; 42.8 ± 3.59 vs 31.0 ± 5.35, p = 0.01, respectively); the antithrombin activity values at the other time points were not significantly different. Furthermore, all thrombin–antithrombin complex values in experiments with the BPCA-coated hemofilters achieved overrange at 80 min of recirculation, whereas those with the non-coated hemofilter achieved overrange at 40 min. Conclusion: This study suggests that BPCA-coated hemofilters can inhibit antithrombin consumption, contributing to antithrombotic effects in extracorporeal circulation circuits.
The Revised Youth Asset Survey (YAS-R)
Authors: Oman Roy F. , Lensch Taylor , Amroussia Nada , Clements-Nolle Kristen , Lu Minggen , Yang Yueran 
Published: November 2018

Purpose: The study’s purpose was to improve the psychometric properties of the Youth Asset Survey (YAS). Design: Longitudinal cohort study with youth and parents recruited via door-to-door canvassing to participate in a 5-wave, 4-year study that assessed prospective associations among youth assets and youth health-related behaviors. Additional test items were added in the last 2 waves of a study to improve the YAS. Setting: Households in randomly selected census tracts located in the Oklahoma City metropolitan area. Participants: Youth and their parents (N = 1111 parent/child dyads). Youth demographic characteristics at wave 4 were mean age = 17.3 (standard deviation = 1.62) years; 53% female, 41% white, 28% Hispanic, 24% African American, and 6% other. Measures: Sixty-eight items assessing 17 youth asset constructs and 8 single items assessing youth risk behaviors. Analysis: Confirmatory factor analysis and generalized linear models were conducted to assess construct reliability and predictive validity, respectively. Results: Cronbach α for the revised asset constructs ranged from .72 to .82, predictive validity was strong, and all revised asset constructs were assessed via 4 items. Conclusions: Researchers and practitioners have an improved 68-item YAS-Revised, freely available for their use, which measures 17 youth assets with good reliability, validity, and functionality.
Stepping forward: challenges and pathways to building a vibrant research culture through the Scholarly Project
Authors: Ng Faith , Ayres Alice , Suetani Shuichi , Parker Stephen 
Published: November 2018

Objectives: The Scholarly Project is a relevant task to support building a culture of research in psychiatry across Australia and New Zealand. However, there are several impediments to trainees’ confident completion of this project. The authors review recent literature on the challenges voiced by trainees, as well as solutions posed by clinician-researchers and medical educators. Relevant strategies are highlighted, and several practical solutions to support the completion of the Scholarly Project are proposed. Conclusions: There are several pathways available to alleviate barriers to trainees’ timely commencement and completion of the Scholarly Project, including enhancing research capacity within services, familiarity with the requirements, access to supervisors and additional support for trainees.
Doubling: a model for international clinical partnerships
Authors: Jureidini Jon , Stone Julie , Jureidini Molly 
Published: November 2018

Objectives: This article draws attention to an initiative aimed at benefiting colleagues in developing countries, through financial and/or moral support. It describes an attempt to engage The Royal College of Australian and New Zealand Psychiatrists (‘the College’) in supporting this philanthropic activity. It further aims to attract interest from the College and fellows in contributing to international philanthropy. Conclusions: Doubling provides a credible model for facilitating better mental health care in situations where there are trained staff but inadequate resources. The College’s resistance to engagement with this project may represent a missed opportunity for philanthropic support.
Relational Treatment Program for Suicidal Adolescents and Their Families “Life Is Calling”
Authors: Ólafsdóttir Hrefna 
Published: November 2018

Purpose: Research was performed to evaluate the “Life Is Calling” treatment program for suicidal adolescents and their families. Methods: A confirmatory factor analysis was performed on the Icelandic version of the Reasons for Living Instrument—Adolescents (IRFL-A) using a nonclinical group. The IRFL-A was used to measure the outcome of the program for a clinical group of suicidal adolescents. The nonclinical and clinical groups were compared. The parents reflected on how effective the program was. Results: The IRFL-A instrument was shown to be fit for use in Iceland. The adolescents’ desire to live changed for the better during treatment and 6 months after treatment. According to the parents, the program was very useful/useful for them, the family, and their suicidal adolescent. Conclusion: The IRFL-A is a useful assessment instrument both in clinical settings and for research. The treatment program is effective for suicidal adolescents regardless of their gender or age.
Emergency brachial artery ligation for ruptured infected pseudoaneurysm of haemodialysis access is a possible option
Authors: Bishnoi Arvind Kumar , Rai Guruprasad , Kamath Ganesh Sevagur , Vishnu Rajkamal , Kumar Vijay , Joshi Harshil , Prabhu Ravindra , Soni Lalu Prasad , Nasser Arfan 
Published: November 2018

Background: For patients with end-stage renal disease, a good vascular access is essential for chronic haemodialysis. Surgically created access arteriovenous fistula for haemodialysis is associated with multiple complications, and ruptured pseudoaneurysm being the most life threatening and dreaded of all. The management of this complication warrants emergency procedure, although timely diagnosis and arteriovenous fistula salvage has been emphasised. In this study, we describe the surgical technique and outcomes of ligation of the proximal arteriovenous fistula as a plausible alternative and life-saving procedure. Method and Results: This is a retrospective study performed between January 2011 and December 2016. A total of 588 native arteriovenous fistula–related surgeries were performed, of which 18 patients (3.06%) developed delayed complication of infected pseudoaneurysm and rupture. All presented to the emergency care with life-threatening bleeding. We describe the surgical technique as a life-saving measure to this fatal complication. Conclusion: Proximal arteriovenous fistula has higher incidence of aneurysmal complications than distal ones. Ligation of the brachial artery which was a ‘grey zone’ of unpredictable prognosis has yielded good results and can be safely performed in desperate situations with low complication rates.
Endovascular techniques for achievement of better flow diverter wall apposition
Authors: Kühn Anna L , Rodrigues Katyucia de Macedo , Wakhloo Ajay K , Puri Ajit S 
Published: November 2018

Flow diverter malapposition has been described as a technical complication during endovascular procedures and can be associated with, potentially delayed, life-threatening aneurysm rupture or ischemic events. We performed a retrospective review of our flow diverter database to identify all patients in whom device malapposition was detected on follow-up angiogram immediately after device deployment. Feasibility and technical success of different endovascular approaches aiming to correct the inadequate vessel wall apposition were evaluated. Successful endovascular techniques for manipulation of the flow diverter included use of wires, catheters and additional flow diverter/stent devices. In our practice, we found six successful endovascular techniques for device manipulation, which allowed us to safely achieve good flow diverter wall apposition.
Protein Levels and Microstructural Changes in Localized Regions of Early Cartilage Degeneration Compared with Adjacent Intact Cartilage
Authors: Jacob Bincy , Jüllig Mia , Middleditch Martin , Payne Leo , Broom Neil , Sarojini Vijayalekshmi , Thambyah Ashvin 
Published: November 2018

Objective It was hypothesized that the respective protein profiles of bovine cartilage from sites of localized mild to moderate (GI to GII) degeneration versus adjacent sites of intact tissue would vary in accordance with the tissue microstructural changes associated with a pre-osteoarthritic state. Methods A total of 15 bovine patellae were obtained for this study. Paired samples of tissue were collected from the lateral region of each patella. If the patella contained a site of degeneration, a paired tissue set involved taking one sample each from the degenerated site and the intact tissue adjacent to it. Sufficient tissue was collected to facilitate 2 arms of investigation: microstructural imaging and proteome analysis. The microstructural analysis used a bespoke tissue preparation technique imaged with differential interference contrast optical microscopy to assess fibrillar scale destructuring and underlying bone spicule formation. An iTRAQ-based proteome analysis was performed using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry to identify the differential levels of proteins across the intact and degenerated cartilage and further, the results were validated with multiple reaction monitoring assay. Results In the healthy cartilage pairs, there was no significant variation in protein profiles between 2 adjacent sample sites. In pairs of tissue that contained a sample of GI/GII tissue, there were both significant microstructural changes as well as the difference in abundance levels of 24 proteins. Conclusions From the known functions of the 24 proteins, found to be strongly aligned with the specific microstructural changes observed, a unique “proteins ensemble” involved in the initiation and progression of early cartilage degeneration is proposed.
How feasible and practical is it to introduce the Endometriosis Phenome and Biobanking Harmonisation Project (EPHect) standard surgical form into clinical practice?
Authors: To Valerie , Lam Alan , Shyamsunder Akshara , Johnson Neil 
Published: November 2018

Background: The Endometriosis Phenome and Biobanking Harmonisation Project has been set up to facilitate and advance global endometriosis research. Aim: To test the feasibility and practicality of using the Endometriosis Phenome and Biobanking Harmonisation Project standard surgical form in routine clinical practice. Materials and methods: Standard surgical form was filled out using a web-based application for 225 consecutive women who underwent surgery for suspected or known endometriosis. Results: Median age was 37 years. Half (49.8%) of the women had a previous surgical diagnosis of endometriosis. Endometriosis was found in 91.5% of patients in this cohort. Median operative time was 101 min. Operative photographs substantially assisted completion of the standard surgical form post-operatively. The median time required to fill out the questionnaire was 8 min (range, 2–17 min). This was mostly dependent on the severity and distribution of endometriosis lesions. The standard surgical form is very comprehensive and has the advantage of including both the American Society of Reproductive Medicine classification and the Endometriosis Fertility Index; however, characterisation of deep endometriosis is insufficient for some women. In addition, some sections such as the descriptive endometriosis table (section IX) remain subjective. Conclusion: Using the Endometriosis Phenome and Biobanking Harmonisation Project standard surgical form to collect research data is feasible, especially when using an electronic database entry tool. It is also practically manageable, although the time taken is more than originally estimated by the Endometriosis Phenome and Biobanking Harmonisation Project standard surgical form authors. Even though some sections of the standard surgical form may be subjective, it is comprehensive and we would recommend its adoption into routine clinical practice for endometriosis research.
Large variations in the practice patterns of surgical antiseptic preparation solutions in patients with open and closed extremity fractures: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Jurado-Ruiz Maria , Slobogean Gerard P. , Bzovsky Sofia , Garibaldi Alisha , O’Hara Nathan N. , Howe Andrea , Petrisor Brad , Sprague Sheila 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Background
Surgically-managed fractures, particularly open fractures, are associated with high rates of surgical site infections (SSIs). To reduce the risk of an SSI, orthopaedic surgeons routinely clean open fracture wounds in the emergency department (ED) and then apply a bandage to the open wound. Prior to the surgical incision, it is standard practice to prepare the fracture region with an antiseptic skin solution as an additional SSI prevention strategy. Multiple antiseptic solutions are available.

Objectives
To explore the variation in practice patterns among orthopaedic surgeons regarding antiseptic solution use in the ED and antiseptic preparatory techniques for fracture surgery.

Methods
We developed a 27-item survey and surveyed members of several orthopaedic associations.

Results
Two hundred and-ten surveys were completed. 71.0% of respondents irrigate the open wound and skin in the ED, primarily with saline alone (59.7%) or iodine-based solutions (32.9%). 90.5% of responders indicated that they dress the open wound in the ED, with 41.0% applying a saline-soaked bandage and 33.7% applying an iodine-soaked dressing (33.7%). In their surgical preparation of open fractures, 41.0% of respondents used an iodine-based solution, 26.7% used a chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG)-based solution, and 31.4% used a combination of the two. In closed fractures, 43.8% of respondents used a CHG-based solution, 28.1% used an iodine-based solution, and 27.1% used a combination. Despite theoretical concerns about the use of alcohol in open wounds, 51.4% used alcohol-based solutions or alcohol alone during skin preparation of open fractures.

Conclusions
A lack of consensus exists regarding use of antiseptic surgical preparation solutions for fractures. High-quality clinical research is needed to assess the effectiveness of different surgical antiseptic preparation solutions on patient outcomes in fracture populations.
NemoViz: a visual interactive system for atomistic simulations design
Authors: Mejia Daniel , Kubis Tillmann , Klimeck Gerhard 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Introduction
Given that the nanoscale regime has been reached, atomistic simulations are being used as predictive tools on a nanoscopic scale in nanoelectronics, materials science, and computational fluid dynamics. These simulations are generally supported by complex and specific simulation engines that require a deep knowledge of the engine as well as the field. The inputs required by these engines are usually described in long-text files, and their composition is error prone. These files contain details about the corresponding materials, geometries, algorithms, initial values, etc. The introduction of visualizations to the simulation creation process could alleviate some common user issues with simulation creation, in particular regarding the input-text files. In other fields, visual analytics have been used to facilitate user interaction with complex data. This work features a case study on the creation of a nanoelectronic device simulation and provides evidence of how the use of visual analytics reduces the cognitive complexity of defining an atomistic simulation.

Case description
NEMO5 is a tool designed to simulate the electronic properties of nanoelectronic devices on an atomistic level. In this work we introduce NemoViz, an interactive visualization tool that enables users to define the simulation inputs required by NEMO5. Regular NEMO5 users were exposed to NemoViz, and users’ effectiveness and efficiency was measured while debugging the input for a simulation.

Discussion and Evaluation
The results of this work show that NemoViz reduced the time that users spent defining the inputs of a NEMO5 simulation. When using NemoViz, Expert NEMO5 users detected errors twice as fast as when NemoViz was not used, and non-expert NEMO5 users were able to detect errors as effectively and efficiently as expert users.

Conclusions
These results suggest that the use of visual analytics as a simulation design process tool reduces the cognitive load of complex simulators such as NEMO5. Users’ interaction with visualization facilitates their understanding of output results and input descriptors, which may lead to new research codes from their widespread user base.
Morning versus Evening Aerobic Training Effects on Blood Pressure in Treated Hypertension
Authors: BRITO LEANDRO C. , PEÇANHA TIAGO , FECCHIO RAFAEL Y. , REZENDE RAFAEL A. , SOUSA PATRÍCIA , DA SILVA-JÚNIOR NATAN , ABREU ANDREA , SILVA GIOVÂNIO , MION-JUNIOR DÉCIO , HALLIWILL JOHN R. , FORJAZ CLAUDIA L. M. 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The acute blood pressure (BP) decrease is greater after evening than morning exercise, suggesting that evening training (ET) may have a greater hypotensive effect.

Objective
This study aimed to compare the hypotensive effect of aerobic training performed in the morning versus evening in treated hypertensives.

Methods
Fifty treated hypertensive men were randomly allocated to three groups: morning training (MT), ET, and control (C). Training groups cycled for 45 min at moderate intensity (progressing from the heart rate of the anaerobic threshold to 10% below the heart rate of the respiratory compensation point), while C stretched for 30 min. Interventions were conducted 3 times per week for 10 wk. Clinic and ambulatory BP and hemodynamic and autonomic mechanisms were evaluated before and after the interventions. Clinic assessments were performed in the morning (7:00–9:00 am) and evening (6:00–8:00 pm). Between–within ANOVA was used (P ≤ 0.05).

Results
Only ET decreased clinic systolic BP differently from C and MT (morning assessment −5 ± 6 mm Hg and evening assessment −8 ± 7 mm Hg, P < 0.05). Only ET reduced 24 h and asleep diastolic BP differently from C and MT (−3 ± 5 and −3 ± 4 mm Hg, respectively, P < 0.05). Systemic vascular resistance decreased from C only in ET (P = 0.03). Vasomotor sympathetic modulation decreased (P = 0.001) and baroreflex sensitivity (P < 0.02) increased from C in both training groups with greater changes in ET than MT.

Conclusions
In treated hypertensive men, aerobic training performed in the evening decreased clinic and ambulatory BP due to reductions in systemic vascular resistance and vasomotor sympathetic modulation. Aerobic training conducted at both times of day increases baroreflex sensitivity, but with greater after ET.
Masses in the era of screening tomosynthesis: Is diagnostic ultrasound sufficient?
Authors: Choudhery Sadia , Axmacher Jessica , Conners Amy Lynn , Geske Jennifer , Brandt Kathy 
Published: November 2018

Objectives:
The purpose of this study is to compare diagnostic outcomes of digital breast tomosynthesis screen-detected masses worked up with mammography first with those evaluated with diagnostic ultrasound initially.

Methods:
All masses recalled from screening digital breast tomosynthesis between July 1, 2017 and December 31, 2017 that were sent either to diagnostic mammography or ultrasound were compared. Size, shape, margins, visibility on ultrasound, diagnostic assessment and pathology of all masses along with breast density were evaluated.

Results:
102/212 digital breast tomosynthesis screen-detected masses were worked up with diagnostic mammography initially and 110/212 were worked up with ultrasound directly. There was no significant difference in ultrasound visibility of masses sent to diagnostic mammography first with those sent to ultrasound first (p = 0.42). 4 (4%) masses sent to mammogram first and 2 (2%) masses sent to ultrasound first were not visualized. There was a significant difference in size between masses that were visualized under ultrasound versus those that were not (p = 0.01), when masses in both groups were assessed cumulatively.

Conclusions:
98% of digital breast tomosynthesis screen-detected masses sent to ultrasound directly were adequately assessed without diagnostic mammography.

Advances in knowledge:
There is potential for avoiding a diagnostic mammogram for evaluation of majority of digital breast tomosynthesis screen-detected masses.
O legado político de Platão sob o olhar liberal de Karl Popper: discussões em torno do advento de regimes democrático-autocráticos
Authors: Verbicaro Loiane Prado , Oliveira André Silva 
Published: November 2018

Na literatura em filosofi a, teoria política e outros campos afins do conhecimento em ciências humanas e sociais, permanece inconclusiva a discussão sobre a natureza do legado político deixado por Platão. Para alguns autores, como Karl Popper, o pensamento platônico exibe indiscutíveis elementos autoritários, a ponto de influenciar decisivamente uma tradição coletivista que se contrapõe ao individualismo democrático, pedra de toque das democracias representativas de tipo liberal. Após o fim da Guerra Fria, assistiu-se ao advento dos chamados regimes híbridos ou iliberais, trazendo de volta ao debate acadêmico aspectos normativos das críticas liberais endereçadas à tradição influenciada pelo pensamento político de Platão. O trabalho, por intermédio de pesquisa bibliográfica de abordagem qualitativa, tem por objetivo discutir e revisitar a literatura para atualizar o debate sobre o legado do coletivismo platônico, tendo como referencial teórico o pensamento liberal de Karl Popper e a emergência dos regimes híbridos (democrático-autoritários). A conclusão principal é a de que a tensão entre o coletivismo de recorte platônico e o individualismo democrático, típico do liberalismo, permanece atual como se pode observar pelos choques entre regimes híbridos e democracias liberais.
Pinpoint Loading Examinations of Poly(lactic acid) Biopolymers
Authors: Kotrocz Luca , Bakonyi Péter 
Published: November 2018

We have made a new mounting unit for Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) equipment, suitable for measuring microhardness and indentation, and examined its usability on thermoplastic poly(lactic acid) (PLA) material. We used a Vickers-type microhardness indenter, and examined the dimensions of the indented area and the loading force. This novel unit is suitable for measuring the short and long-term behavior of the material using pinpoint load not only at room temperature (20-23 °C) – like common hardness tests – but at a wide range of temperatures.