bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Das Lübecker Hochschulmodell der Physiotherapie
Authors: Bretin Annette , Großmann Kirsten , Schulz ArndtPeter 
Published: February 2018

ZusammenfassungZiel dieses Artikels ist, die Konzeptionierung eines primärqualifizierenden Bachelorstudiengangs Physiotherapie darzustellen, der aufgrund seiner Angliederung an die Hochschulmedizin sowie durch seinen innovativen Ansatz als Novum in der physiotherapeutischen Akademisierung in Deutschland gelten kann. Hierbei wurde die bisherige Ausbildung in der Physiotherapie durch eine Adaption der Qualifikationsziele novelliert. Heraus kam ein Modell, das wissenschaftliches und berufspraktisches Wissen von Beginn an verzahnt. Dabei fördern einige Lehrveranstaltungen gezielt Interprofessionalität. Die Praktika sind vollständig in das Curriculum integriert. Das modellhafte Konzept wird durch ein umfangreiches Qualitätsmanagement überwacht. Der Ansatz entspricht allgemeinen Expertenempfehlungen und kann als Modell für andere Hochschulen genutzt werden.
Help-seeking Following Termination of Pregnancy after Diagnosis of Fetal Anomaly: Womenʼs Intentions and Experiences 1 to 7 Years after the Event
Authors: Hanschmidt Franz , Hoffmann Rahel , Klingner Johanna , Kersting Anette , Stepan Holger 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Introduction Diagnosis of fetal anomaly and the difficult circumstances involved in the decision to terminate an affected pregnancy can go along with severe psychological distress. However, little is known about womenʼs help-seeking for emotional problems following an abortion after diagnosis of fetal anomaly.
Methods 148 women who had been treated for abortion after diagnosis of fetal anomaly at the University Hospital Leipzig responded to self-report questionnaires 1 to 7 years after the event. Main outcomes were help-seeking intentions and actual help-seeking behavior. Logistic regression was used to explore the associations between participantsʼ sociodemographic characteristics and help-seeking intentions.
Results Most women reported that they would seek help from their partner (91.7%), friends/family (82.8%) or the internet (62.2%). With regard to health services, 50.0% of women would seek help from gynecologists and between 43.8 and 47.9% from counseling services and mental health professionals. Intentions to seek help from support groups were lowest (21.7%). Age, income, region, and religion were associated with help-seeking intentions. Among participants with elevated levels of current psychological distress, 23.8% indicated that they had not discussed their emotional problems with a health service ever.
Conclusion Gynecologists are among the most preferred health professionals for women to discuss psychological problems in the aftermath of an abortion after diagnosis of fetal anomaly. They should be actively involved in screening, diagnostic assessment, and referral of affected women.
Schistosomiasis bei Flüchtlingen und Migranten
Authors: Hennigs Annette , Hennigs Jan K. , Schmiedel Stefan 
Published: February 2018

ZusammenfassungBilharziose / Schistosomiasis ist eine bei Flüchtlingen (insbesondere aus Afrika) häufig auftretende, meist asymptomatische Infektionskrankheit mit möglicherweise schwerwiegenden Komplikationen. Ein serologisches Screening bei allen Menschen aus Endemieregionen und ein Versuch des Einachweises in Stuhl oder Urin bei positiver Screeningserologie sollte durchgeführt werden. Eine positive Serologie rechtfertigt auch bei negativem direkten Parasitennachweis eine einmalige probatorische Therapie 1.
Verleihung der Salomon-Neumann-Medaille 2017 – Rede des Preisträgers Prof. Bernt-Peter Robra am 5. September 2017 in der St.-Petri-Kirche zu Lübeck
Authors: Robra Bernt-Peter 
Published: February 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Salomon Neumann-Medaille 2017 der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Sozialmedizin und Prävention (DGSMP) wurde an Bernt-Peter Robra, Institut für Sozialmedizin und Gesundheitsökonomie (ISMG) der Otto von Guericke Universität Magdeburg verliehen. Neben einer Würdigung der Person und der wissenschaftlichen Leistung von Manfred Pflanz werden auch aktuelle Punkte des Masterplan2020-Prozesses beleuchtet, die für Medizin und Public Health Entwicklungschancen darstellen.
Keeping track of what's right
Authors: Schroeter Laura , Schroeter François 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIn this paper, we argue that ordinary judgments about core normative topics purport to attribute stable, objective properties and relations. Our strategy is first to analyze the structures and practices characteristic of paradigmatically representational concepts such as concepts of objects and natural kinds. We identify three broad features that ground the representational purport of these concepts. We then argue that core normative concepts exhibit these same features.
Biosynthesis and applications of prenylquinones
Authors: Kawamukai Makoto 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Prenylquinones are isoprenoid compounds with a characteristic quinone structure and isoprenyl tail that are ubiquitous in almost all living organisms. There are four major prenylquinone classes: ubiquinone (UQ), menaquinone (MK), plastoquinone (PQ), and rhodoquinone (RQ). The quinone structure and isoprenyl tail length differ among organisms. UQ, PQ, and RQ contain benzoquinone, while MK contains naphthoquinone. UQ, MK, and RQ are involved in oxidative phosphorylation, while PQ functions in photosynthetic electron transfer. Some organisms possess two types of prenylquinones; Escherichia coli has UQ8 and MK8, and Caenorhabditis elegans has UQ9 and RQ9. Crystal structures of most of the enzymes involved in MK synthesis have been solved. Studies on the biosynthesis and functions of quinones have advanced recently, including for phylloquinone (PhQ), which has a phytyl moiety instead of an isoprenyl tail. Herein, the synthesis and applications of prenylquinones are reviewed.
Experimental results of a hydrodynamic friction behaviour of a linear contact at low sliding velocity
Authors: Bouzana A. , Guermat A. , Belarifi F. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
We propose in this work the experimental results of the lubricated friction behavior of linear contact (finite length) in isoviscous hydrodynamic regime. This study was made on a tribometer Plint - Cameron TE77, using a pure mineral oil lubricant (N175). without additives for three loads 20, 40 and 80 Newton. and a velocity, range varying from 0.05 to 0.4 ms-1, trials are held in pure sliding mode for a total distance of displacement L = 15mm. The studied contact is a cylinder/cylinder. The geometry of test pieces is part of a piston ring and a liner of a real engine. The first cylinder represents the male part with material of MKJet nuance having undergoes a surface coating by thermal projection (HVOF). the second cylinder represents the female part whose material is cast iron of nuance FGL, without surface treatment, and whose dimensions were adapted to minimize the computational error on the speed of sliding and the force of friction which is lower than 5%. Processing the results recorded for ten cycles with four hundred points per cycle to the extraction of average curves, enables us to plot the curves of friction according to velocity and thereafter the curve of Stribeck. The results show that we can get a total isoviscous regime for loads 20 and 40N, however for load 80N, this regime is partial, as it comes off the final curve from a speed value 0.1 m / s. the values of the friction coefficient varies for the three loads used between 0.004 and 0.017. These results show the possibility of obtaining a hydrodynamic regime with high load and low speed, with treatments suitable surfaces and are made to reduce wear and increase the lifetime of the mechanism.
Operational limit conditions of the spur gears in lubricated modes
Authors: Benilha S. , Belarifi F. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The calculation of the gear teeth resistance, shows the using of a certain number of coefficients determined experimentally and which are accepted by the various international standards. However, this kind of calculation determines the gears by excess material and does not support the tribological parameters of operation. We propose in this work the support of these parameters, to determine the limit operation conditions of the spur gears, using the equivalent geometry. This is represented by two cylinders, which geometrically models of the contact between two teeth of a gear and whose lubrication is generally in mixed lubrication mode. The concept of Mc cool is used to determine the distribution of the load and the friction force, which are distributed in liquid (elastohydrodynamic) and solid domains and interact with each other. The phenomenon of interaction between the two domains is used, to predict the tribological limit conditions of operation. The proposed model is based on the resolution of elastohydrodynamic equations for the determination of load and friction as well as the deduction of mixed friction by tracing the Stribeck curve. This is calculated by the model of the decomposition of the patterns profile of rough surfaces in contacts. The results of non-dimensional calculations allow us to deduce the boundary conditions and can be adapted for any type of gear pair defined according to pre-established operating conditions.
Effect of Dimension and Shape of Magnet on the Performance AC Generator with Translation Motion
Authors: Indriani A. , Dimas S. , Hendra  
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The development of power plants using the renewable energy sources is very rapid. Renewable energy sources used solar energy, wind energy, ocean wave energy and other energy. All of these renewable energy sources require a processing device or a change of motion system to become electrical energy. One processing device is a generator which have work principle of converting motion (mechanical) energy into electrical energy with rotary shaft, blade and other motion components. Generator consists of several types of rotation motion and linear motion (translational). The generator have components such as rotor, stator and anchor. In the rotor and stator having magnet and winding coil as an electric generating part of the electric motion force. Working principle of AC generator with linear motion (translation) also apply the principle of Faraday that is using magnetic induction which change iron magnet to produce magnetic flux. Magnetic flux is captured by the stator to be converted into electrical energy. Linear motion generators consist of linear induction machine, wound synchronous machine field, and permanent magnet synchronous [1]. Performance of synchronous generator of translation motion is influenced by magnet type, magnetic shape, coil winding, magnetic and coil spacing and others. In this paper focus on the neodymium magnet with varying shapes, number of coil windings and gap of magnetic distances. This generator work by using pneumatic mechanism (PLTGL) for power plants system. Result testing of performance AC generator translation motion obtained that maximum voltage, current and power are 63 Volt for diameter winding coil 0.15 mm, number of winding coil 13000 and distance of magnet 20 mm. For effect shape of magnet, maximum voltage happen on rectangle magnet 30x20x5 mm with 4.64 Volt. Voltage and power on effect of diameter winding coil is 14.63 V and 17.82 W at the diameter winding coil 0.7 and number of winding coil is 1260 with the distance of magnet 25 mm.
Smoking portrayal in Ethiopian movies: a theory-based content analysis
Authors: Bekalu Mesfin Awoke , Viswanath K 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Considerable research from high-income countries has characterized the amount, nature and effects of movie smoking depiction. However, in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where tobacco use and tobacco-related diseases are growing, little research has investigated smoking imagery in movies. This study examined the extent and nature of smoking portrayal in locally produced Ethiopian movies, and estimated the number of tobacco impressions movies delivered. Sample movies were taken from YouTube. Keyword searches were conducted using ‘Ethiopian movies’ and ‘Ethiopian drama’ on 18 September 2016. In each search, the first 100 most viewed movies were examined. Excluding repeated results, a total of 123 movies were selected for content analysis. Three coders participated. Results indicated that 86 (69.9%, 95% CI 63–78%) of the 123 most viewed movies contain at least one tobacco incident (TI). The movies depict a total of 403 TIs, with an average of 4.7 (95% CI 3.7–5.6) TIs in each movie. The average length of TIs is 1 min and 11 s. On average, the movies were viewed more than half a million times by September 2016, and received more ‘likes’ than ‘dislikes’, z = −8.05, p = 0.00. They delivered over 194 million tobacco impressions via YouTube alone from July 2012 through September 2016. Most TIs portray smoking as a socially acceptable behavior with no negative health consequences. The findings suggest that as with transnational Western movies, locally produced movies in LMICs should be scrutinized for compliance with national and international regulatory efforts.
Recovery Room Cortisol Predicts Long-Term Glucocorticoid Need After Transsphenoidal Surgery for Pituitary Tumors
Authors: Qaddoura Amro , Shalung Tenzin N , Meier Michael P , Goguen Jeannette , Jing Rowan , Zhang Stanley , Kovacs Kalman , Cusimano Michael D 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Accurate assessment of the need for glucocorticoid therapy is essential after transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) for pituitary tumors. Agreement on the best test to use in the early postoperative setting is lacking.

OBJECTIVE
To examine recovery room (RR) cortisol as a predictor of long-term need for glucocorticoids.

METHODS
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 149 patients who underwent TSS for pituitary tumors between January 2007 and December 2014. Pathological tumor diagnoses were confirmed. Endocrinologists assessed the need for glucocorticoid supplementation within 6 to 8 wk after TSS. We extracted data on preoperative, RR, and day 1 to 3 post-TSS morning serum cortisol (MSC). We reported areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and diagnostic measures for different cortisol measures. We also conducted a logistic regression to identify the most predictive variables.

RESULTS
Eighteen patients required glucocorticoid supplementation at follow-up. RR cortisol was the most accurate measurement in the early postoperative period (AUC [95% confidence interval (CI)], .92 [.85-.99]; P < .001), followed by day 1, 2, and 3 post-TSS MSC, respectively. A threshold RR cortisol of 744.0 nmol/L (26.97 μg/dL) had 90.9% sensitivity and 73.7% specificity for detecting patients in the hypocortisolism group, while 757.5 nmol/L (27.46 μg/dL) had 100% and 70.0%, respectively. The logistic regression identified RR cortisol as the sole significant predictor (odds ratio [CI], .36[.18-.71] for every 100 nmol/L increase; P = .0033).

CONCLUSION
The RR cortisol is accurate in predicting long-term glucocorticoid supplementation and may be the best early postoperative measure. Future larger studies should validate these findings and derive optimal RR cortisol threshold values.
Influence of Reported Penicillin Allergy on Mortality in MSSA Bacteremia
Authors: Turner Nicholas A , Moehring Rebekah , Sarubbi Christina , Wrenn Rebekah H , Drew Richard H , Cunningham Coleen K , Fowler Vance G , Anderson Deverick J 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

Background
Penicillin allergy frequently impacts antibiotic choice. As beta-lactams are superior to vancomycin in treating methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) bacteremia, we examined the effect of reported penicillin allergy on clinical outcomes in patients with MSSA bacteremia.

Methods
In this retrospective cohort study of adults with MSSA bacteremia admitted to a large tertiary care hospital, outcomes were examined according to reported penicillin allergy. Primary outcomes included 30-day and 90-day mortality rates. Multivariable regression models were developed to quantify the effect of reported penicillin allergy on mortality while adjusting for potential confounders.

Results
From 2010 to 2015, 318 patients with MSSA bacteremia were identified. Reported penicillin allergy had no significant effect on adjusted 30-day mortality (odds ratio [OR], 0.73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.29–1.84; P = .51). Patients with reported penicillin allergy were more likely to receive vancomycin (38% vs 11%, P &lt; .01), but a large number received cefazolin regardless of reported allergy (29 of 66, 44%). Mortality rates were highest among nonallergic patients receiving vancomycin (22.6% vs 7.4% for those receiving beta-lactams regardless of reported allergy, P &lt; .01). In multivariable analysis, beta-lactam receipt was most strongly associated with survival (OR, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.12–0.54).

Conclusions
Reported penicillin allergy had no significant effect on 30- or 90-day mortality. Non-penicillin-allergic patients receiving vancomycin for treatment of MSSA bacteremia had the highest mortality rates overall. Receipt of a beta-lactam was the strongest predictor of survival. These results underscore the importance of correct classification of patients with penicillin allergy and appropriate treatment with a beta-lactam when tolerated.
Microbial diversity and toxin risk in tropical freshwater reservoirs of Cape Verde
Authors: Semedo-Aguiar Ana P. , Pereira-Leal José B. , Leite Ricardo B. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe Cape Verde islands are part of the African Sahelian arid belt that possesses an irregular rainy season between August and October. This erratic rain pattern has prompted the need for water reservoirs, now critical for the country’s sustainability. Worldwide, freshwater cyanobacterial blooms are increasing in frequency due to global climate change and eutrophication of water bodies, particularly in reservoirs. To date there have been no risk assessments of cyanobacterial toxin production in these man-made structures. We evaluated this potential risk using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and full metagenome sequencing in freshwater reservoirs of Cape Verde.Our analysis revealed the presence of several potentially toxic cyanobacterial genera in all sampled reservoirs (Poilão, Saquinho and Faveta). In FavetaMicrocystissp., a genus well known for toxin production and bloom-formation, dominated our samples, while a green algae of the genusCryptomonasandGammaproteobacteriadominated Saquinho and Poilão.Taking advantage of the dominance ofMicrocystisin the Faveta reservoir, we were able to reconstruct and assemble its genome, extracted from a metagenome of bulk DNA from Faveta water. We named itMicrocystiscf.aeruginosaCV01, for which a phylogenetic analysis revealed to have a close relationship with other genomes from those taxa, as well as other continental African strains, suggesting geographical coherency. In addition, it revealed several clusters of known toxin-producing genes. This assessment of Cape Verdean freshwater microbial diversity and potential for toxin production reinforces the need to better understand the microbial ecology as a whole of water reservoirs on the rise.
diploS/HIC: an updated approach to classifying selective sweeps
Authors: Kern Andrew D. , Schrider Daniel R. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIdentifying selective sweeps in populations that have complex demographic histories remains a difficult problem in population genetics. We previously introduced a supervised machine learning approach,S/HIC, for finding both hard and soft selective sweeps in genomes on the basis of patterns of genetic variation surrounding a window of the genome. WhileS/HICwas shown to be both powerful and precise, the utility ofS/HICwas limited by the use of phased genomic data as input. In this report we describe a deep learning variant of our method,diploS/HIC, that uses unphased genotypes to accurately classify genomic windows.diploS/HICis shown to be quite powerful even at moderate to small sample sizes
Serum-mediated cleavage ofBacillus anthracisProtective Antigen is a two-step process that involves a serum carboxypeptidase
Authors: Goldman David L. , Nieves Edward , Nakouzi Antonio , Rivera Johanna , Phyu Ei Ei , Win Than Htut , Achkar Jacqueline , Casadevall Arturo 
Published: February 2018

AbstractMuch our understanding of the activity of anthrax toxin is based onin-vitrosystems, which delineate the interaction betweenB. anthracistoxins and the cell surface. These systems however, fail to account for the intimate association ofB. anthraciswith the circulatory system, including the contribution of serum proteins to the host response and processing of anthrax toxins. Using variety immunologic techniques to inhibit serum processing ofB. anthracisProtective Antigen (PA) along with mass spectrometry analysis, we demonstrate that serum digests PA via 2 distinct reactions. In the first reaction, serum cleaves PA83into 2 fragments to produce PA63and PA20fragments, similar to that observed following furin digestion. This is followed by carboxypeptidase-mediated removal of the carboxy-terminal arginine and lysine residues from PA20.
Rapid low-cost assembly of the Drosophila melanogaster reference genome using low-coverage, long-read sequencing
Authors: Solares Edwin A. , Chakraborty Mahul , Miller Danny E. , Kalsow Shannon , Hall Kate , Perera Anoja G. , Emerson J.J. , Hawley R. Scott 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTAccurate and comprehensive characterization of genetic variation is essential for deciphering the genetic basis of diseases and other phenotypes. A vast amount of genetic variation stems from large-scale sequence changes arising from the duplication, deletion, inversion, and translocation of sequences. In the past 10 years, high-throughput short reads have greatly expanded our ability to assay sequence variation due to single nucleotide polymorphisms. However, a recent de novo assembly of a second Drosophila melanogaster reference genome has revealed that short read genotyping methods miss hundreds of structural variants, including those affecting phenotypes. While genomes assembled using high-coverage long reads can achieve high levels of contiguity and completeness, concerns about cost, errors, and low yield have limited widespread adoption of such sequencing approaches. Here we resequenced the reference strain of D. melanogaster (ISO1) on a single Oxford Nanopore MinION flow cell run for 24 hours. Using only reads longer than 1 kb or with at least 30x coverage, we assembled a highly contiguous de novo genome. The addition of inexpensive paired reads and subsequent scaffolding using an optical map technology achieved an assembly with completeness and contiguity comparable to the D. melanogaster reference assembly. Comparison of our assembly to the reference assembly of ISO1 uncovered a number of structural variants (SVs), including novel LTR transposable element insertions and duplications affecting genes with developmental, behavioral, and metabolic functions. Collectively, these SVs provide a snapshot of the dynamics of genome evolution. Furthermore, our assembly and comparison to the D. melanogaster reference genome demonstrates that high-quality de novo assembly of reference genomes and comprehensive variant discovery using such assemblies are now possible by a single lab for under $1,000 (USD).