bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcome After Surgical Treatment of Calcaneal Osteomyelitis
Authors: Waibel Felix W. A. , Klammer Alexander , Götschi Tobias , Uçkay Ilker , Böni Thomas , Berli Martin C. 
Published: January 2019

Background: Surgical procedures for calcaneal osteomyelitis are partial calcanectomy (PC), total calcanectomy (TC), and below-knee amputation (BKA). With calcaneal osteomyelitis, limb-saving surgery was described to have secondary BKA rates of 4% to 20%, while secondary amputation rates after BKA are unknown. The aim of this study was to describe and compare overall revision and secondary amputation rates for each surgical option in our institution’s cohort and to identify risk factors for secondary amputation. Methods: Fifty patients treated between 2002 and 2017 were included. Revisions, secondary amputations, and possible risk factors for secondary amputation and overall revision were statistically analyzed. Results: Minor revisions rates were 57.1% in PCs, 100% in TCs, and 27.8% in BKAs. Secondary amputation was performed in 28.6% of the PCs, in 50% of the TCs, and in 5.6% of the BKAs. No statistically significant differences between overall revision and secondary amputation rates were found. C-reactive protein values greater than 5 mg/L at the index procedure were significantly associated with overall revision while we could not identify risk factors for secondary amputation. Conclusion: This study represents the largest group of patients treated for calcaneal osteomyelitis in the literature. In limb-preserving surgical options, secondary BKA rates are higher than previously known. Primary BKA is a procedure with a low reamputation rate of 5.6%. PC can be considered, with 28.6% needing more proximal amputation. In TC, all patients underwent revision surgery and 50% had to undergo secondary BKA. Therefore, we hesitate to consider total calcanectomy as a surgical option in calcaneal osteomyelitis anymore. Level of Evidence: Level IV, case series.
Alpine Ski Racing Injuries
Authors: Tarka Mitchell C. , Davey Annabelle , Lonza Geordie C. , O’Brien Casey M. , Delaney John P. , Endres Nathan K. 
Published: January 2019

Context: This article reviews the epidemiology of alpine ski racing–related injuries, risk factors, mechanisms of injury, and injury prevention strategies. Evidence Acquisition: Pertinent literature from peer-reviewed publications from 1976 through 2018. Study Design: Clinical review. Level of Evidence: Level 5. Results: The rate of injury in alpine ski racing is high. In general, knee injuries are the most common, with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) disruptions being the most significant in terms of time loss from sport. Three specific mechanisms of ACL injury in alpine ski racers have recently been described (slip-catch, dynamic snowplow, and landing back-weighted). In contrast to other sports, female ski racers are not clearly at greater risk for ACL injury, especially at the highest level of competition. A high percentage of ski racers are able to return to their previous level of competition after ACL injury. Risk factors for injury and methods of injury prevention have been proposed; however, the rate of injury, particularly ACL injuries, has not decreased significantly. Conclusion: Alpine ski racing has a high injury rate. ACL injuries in particular remain problematic. Further study is needed to identify modifiable risk factors and implementation of injury prevention strategies.
HIV Retesting of HIV-Negative Pregnant Women in the Context of Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV in Primary Health Centers in Rural Zambia: What Did We Learn?
Authors: Mandala Justin , Kasonde Prisca , Badru Titilope , Dirks Rebecca , Torpey Kwasi 
Published: January 2019

Background: This observational study describes implementation of HIV retesting of HIV-negative women in prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) services in Zambia. Methods: Uptake of retesting and PMTCT services were compared across age, parity, and weeks of gestation at the time of the first HIV test, antiretrovirals regime, and HIV early diagnosis results from infants born to HIV-positive mothers. Results: A total of 19 090 pregnant women were tested for HIV at their first antenatal visit, 16 838 tested HIV-negative and were offered retesting 3 months later: 11 339 (67.3%) were retested; of those, 55 (0.5%) were HIV positive. Uptake of the PMTCT package by women HIV positive at retest was not different but HIV-exposed infants born to women who retested HIV positive were infected at a higher rate (11.1%) compared to those born to women who tested HIV positive at their initial test (3.2%). Conclusion: We suggest rigorously (1) measuring the proportion of MTCT attributable to women who seroconvert during pregnancy and possibly adjust PMTCT approaches and (2) addressing the substantial loss to follow-up of HIV-negative pregnant women before HIV retesting.
High subclonal fraction of 17p deletion is associated with poor prognosis in multiple myeloma
Authors: Thakurta Anjan , Ortiz Maria , Blecua Pedro , Towfic Fadi , Corre Jill , Serbina Natalya V. , Flynt Erin , Yu Zhinuan , Yang Zhihong , Palumbo Antonio , Dimopoulos Meletios A. , Gutierrez Norma C. , Goldschmidt Hartmut , Sonneveld Pieter , Avet-Loiseau Herve 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Deletions of chromosome 17p (del17p) that span the TP53 gene are associated with poor outcome in multiple myeloma (MM), but the prognostic value of del17p cancer clonal fraction (CCF) remains unclear. We applied uniform cytogenetic assessments in a large cohort of newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) patients carrying varying levels of del17p. Incremental CCF change was associated with shorter survival, and a robust CCF threshold of 0.55 was established in discovery and replication data sets. After stratification on the 0.55-CCF threshold, high-risk patients had statistically significantly poorer outcomes compared with low-risk patients (median progression-free survival [PFS] and overall survival [OS], 14 and 32 vs 23.1 and 76.2 months, respectively). Analyses of a third data set comprising whole-exome sequencing data from NDMM patients identified presence of TP53 deletions/mutations as a necessary requirement for high-risk stratification in addition to exceeding the del17p CCF threshold. Meta-analysis conducted across 3 data sets confirmed the robustness of the CCF threshold for PFS and OS. Our analyses demonstrate the feasibility of fluorescence in situ hybridization– and sequencing-based methods to identify TP53 deletions, estimate CCF, and establish that both CCF threshold of 0.55 and presence of TP53 deletion are necessary to identify del17p-carrying NDMM patients with poor prognosis.
Thrombotic microangiopathy as a cause of cardiovascular toxicity from the BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor ponatinib
Authors: Latifi Yllka , Moccetti Federico , Wu Melinda , Xie Aris , Packwood William , Qi Yue , Ozawa Koya , Shentu Weihui , Brown Eran , Shirai Toshiaki , McCarty Owen J. , Ruggeri Zaverio , Moslehi Javid , Chen Junmei , Druker Brian J. , López Jose A. , Lindner Jonathan R. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The third-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) ponatinib has been associated with high rates of acute ischemic events. The pathophysiology responsible for these events is unknown. We hypothesized that ponatinib produces an endothelial angiopathy involving excessive endothelial-associated von Willebrand factor (VWF) and secondary platelet adhesion. In wild-type mice and ApoE−/− mice on a Western diet, ultrasound molecular imaging of the thoracic aorta for VWF A1-domain and glycoprotein-Ibα was performed to quantify endothelial-associated VWF and platelet adhesion. After treatment of wild-type mice for 7 days, aortic molecular signal for endothelial-associated VWF and platelet adhesion were five- to sixfold higher in ponatinib vs sham therapy (P &lt; .001), whereas dasatinib had no effect. In ApoE−/− mice, aortic VWF and platelet signals were two- to fourfold higher for ponatinib-treated compared with sham-treated mice (P &lt; .05) and were significantly higher than in treated wild-type mice (P &lt; .05). Platelet and VWF signals in ponatinib-treated mice were significantly reduced by N-acetylcysteine and completely eliminated by recombinant ADAMTS13. Ponatinib produced segmental left ventricular wall motion abnormalities in 33% of wild-type and 45% of ApoE−/− mice and corresponding patchy perfusion defects, yet coronary arteries were normal on angiography. Instead, a global microvascular angiopathy was detected by immunohistochemistry and by intravital microscopy observation of platelet aggregates and nets associated with endothelial cells and leukocytes. Our findings reveal a new form of vascular toxicity for the TKI ponatinib that involves VWF-mediated platelet adhesion and a secondary microvascular angiopathy that produces ischemic wall motion abnormalities. These processes can be mitigated by interventions known to reduce VWF multimer size.
Selective targeting of NAMPT by KPT-9274 in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Mitchell Shaneice R. , Larkin Karilyn , Grieselhuber Nicole R. , Lai Tzung-Huei , Cannon Matthew , Orwick Shelley , Sharma Pratibha , Asemelash Yerdanose , Zhang Pu , Goettl Virginia M. , Beaver Larry , Mims Alice , Puduvalli Vinay K. , Blachly James S. , Lehman Amy , Harrington Bonnie , Henderson Sally , Breitbach Justin T. , Williams Katie E. , Dong Shuai , Baloglu Erkan , Senapedis William , Kirschner Karl , Sampath Deepa , Lapalombella Rosa , Byrd John C. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Treatment options for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remain extremely limited and associated with significant toxicity. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is involved in the generation of NAD+ and a potential therapeutic target in AML. We evaluated the effect of KPT-9274, a p21-activated kinase 4/NAMPT inhibitor that possesses a unique NAMPT-binding profile based on in silico modeling compared with earlier compounds pursued against this target. KPT-9274 elicited loss of mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis and induced apoptosis in AML subtypes independent of mutations and genomic abnormalities. These actions occurred mainly through the depletion of NAD+, whereas genetic knockdown of p21-activated kinase 4 did not induce cytotoxicity in AML cell lines or influence the cytotoxic effect of KPT-9274. KPT-9274 exposure reduced colony formation, increased blast differentiation, and diminished the frequency of leukemia-initiating cells from primary AML samples; KPT-9274 was minimally cytotoxic toward normal hematopoietic or immune cells. In addition, KPT-9274 improved overall survival in vivo in 2 different mouse models of AML and reduced tumor development in a patient-derived xenograft model of AML. Overall, KPT-9274 exhibited broad preclinical activity across a variety of AML subtypes and warrants further investigation as a potential therapeutic agent for AML.
Pelvic exenteration in gynecologic cancer: complications and oncological outcome
Authors: Lago Víctor , Poveda Ines , Padilla-Iserte Pablo , Simón-Sanz Eduardo , García-Granero Álvaro , Pontones Jose Luis , Matute Luis , Domingo Santiago 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Introduction
Pelvic exenteration (PE) is indicated in cases of unresponsive, recurrent pelvic cancer or for palliative intent. Despite the fact that the surgery is associated with a high rate of morbidity, it is currently the only real option that can effect a cure.

Material and methods
Patients who underwent PE between January 2011 and July 2017 in our centre were retrospectively reviewed. Data related to surgery, complications and outcomes were recorded.

Results
Twenty-three patients were included. PE was performed due to recurrent gynaecological cancer, persistence of disease and after first diagnosis in 19 (82%), 2 (9%) and 2 patients (9%), respectively. Total PE was performed in 15 cases (65%), followed by anterior PE in 5 cases (22%) and posterior PE in 3 cases (13%). Early grade II, III and IV complications occurred in 15 (65%), 5 (22%) and 2 patients (9%), respectively. No mortality was observed within 30 days. Medium-late grade II, III, IV and V complications occurred in 15 (65%), 11 (48%), 3 (13%) and 2 cases (9%), respectively. Two patients died after > 30-day period from surgery-related complications. The overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) at 48 months after PE was 41.6% and 30.8% respectively.

Conclusions
PE provides about a 40% 4-year survival chance in a selected group of patients. The early-complications rate and 30-day mortality were acceptable. Nevertheless, the medium-late complication grades II–V were 65, 48, 18 and 9%, respectively. We must focus on identifying those patients who could potentially benefit most from PE.
Effect of interactive cognitive-motor training on eye-hand coordination and cognitive function in older adults
Authors: Chan Pi-Tuan , Chang Wen-Chi , Chiu Huei-Ling , Kao Ching-Chiu , Liu Doresses , Chu Hsin , Chou Kuei-Ru 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background
Poor eye–hand coordination is associated with the symptoms of the early stage of cognitive decline. However, previous research on the eye–hand coordination of older adults without cognitive impairment is scant. Therefore, this study examined the effects of interactive cognitive-motor training on the visual-motor integration, visual perception, and motor coordination sub-abilities of the eye–hand coordination and cognitive function in older adults.

Methods
A double-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted with older adults. Sixty-two older adults were randomly assigned to the experimental (interactive cognitive-motor training) or active control (passive information activity) group, and both groups received 30 min of training each week, three times a week for 8 weeks. The primary outcome was eye–hand coordination, which was further divided into the sub-abilities of visual–motor integration, visual perception, and motor coordination. The secondary outcome was cognitive function. The generalized estimating equation was used to examine differences in immediate posttest, 3-month posttest, and 6-month posttest results between the two groups. Additionally, the baseline effect sizes were compared with the effect sizes of the immediate posttest, 3-month posttest, and 6-month posttests for the experimental group.

Results
There were no statistically significant differences between the intervention and control groups. The only statistically significant difference between the groups was in the attention dimension of cognitive function (p = 0.04). The visual–motor integration results showed a small to moderate effect size for pre post comparisons.

Conclusions
The 24 sessions of interactive cognitive-motor training showed no difference to an active control intervention. In the future, this intervention could be further investigated to establish whether it can be superior to an active control group in other populations.

Trial registration
The study protocol has been published on Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR) (registry no.: ChiCTR-IOR-14005490).
Tobacco smoke induced hepatic cancer stem cell-like properties through IL-33/p38 pathway
Authors: Xie Chunfeng , Zhu Jianyun , Wang Xueqi , Chen Jiaqi , Geng Shanshan , Wu Jieshu , Zhong Caiyun , Li Xiaoting 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background
Tobacco smoke (TS) critically contributes to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) induced by TS is an early event in the initiation of carcinogenesis. Tumor specific microenvironment including inflammatory factors is key mediator for maintaining the stemness of CSCs through various pathways such as p38 MAPK. However, the mechanisms of inflammatory factors in TS-induced acquisition of liver CSCs properties remain undefined. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of IL-33/p38 axis in long term TS-induced acquisition of hepatic CSCs properties in mouse liver tissues and human liver cells.

Methods
BALB/c mice were exposed to TS for 12 weeks, along with or without 1 mg/kg SB203580 (p38 inhibitors) treatment. Histopathological analysis, alterations in the levels of IL-33, liver CSCs markers, EMT-like changes and p38 MAPK activation in liver tissues of mice were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining, immunofluorescence assay and Western blot analysis. Moreover, LO2 immortalized human liver cells were exposed to cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and the tumorsphere formation ability was determined. LO2 cells were further treated with IL-33 or CSE and the expression of phosphorylated p38, liver CSCs markers and EMT-related proteins was examined.

Results
Long term TS exposure increased the levels of CSCs markers, induced epithelial-to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and inflammatory factor IL-33 expression. Moreover, we showed that p38 MAPK modulated TS-stimulated hepatic CSC-like properties, as evidenced by the findings that long term TS exposure activated p38, and that TS-induced stemness was abolished by p38 inhibition. In addition, data from in vitro model showed that similar to cigarette smoke extract (CSE), IL-33 treatment promoted the activation of p38, increased the levels of liver CSCs markers expression and EMT-like changes.

Conclusions
Collectively, these data suggested that IL-33/p38 axis plays an important role in long term TS exposure-induced acquisition of hepatic CSC-like properties.
Vilnius Declaration on chronic respiratory diseases: multisectoral care pathways embedding guided self-management, mHealth and air pollution in chronic respiratory diseases
Authors: Valiulis A. , Bousquet J. , Veryga A. , Suprun U. , Sergeenko D. , Cebotari S. , Borelli D. , Pietikainen S. , Banys J. , Agache I. , Billo N. E. , Bush A. , Chkhaidze I. , Dubey L. , Fokkens W. J. , Grigg J. , Haahtela T. , Julge K. , Katilov O. , Khaltaev N. , Odemyr M. , Palkonen S. , Savli R. , Utkus A. , Vilc V. , Alasevicius T. , Bedbrook A. , Bewick M. , Chorostowska-Wynimko J. , Danila E. , Hadjipanayis A. , Karseladze R. , Kvedariene V. , Lesinskas E. , Münter L. , Samolinski B. , Sargsyan S. , Sitkauskiene B. , Somekh D. , Vaideliene L. , Valiulis A. , Hellings P. W. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background
Over 1 billion people suffer from chronic respiratory diseases such as asthma, COPD, rhinitis and rhinosinusitis. They cause an enormous burden and are considered as major non-communicable diseases. Many patients are still uncontrolled and the cost of inaction is unacceptable. A meeting was held in Vilnius, Lithuania (March 23, 2018) under the patronage of the Ministry of Health and several scientific societies to propose multisectoral care pathways embedding guided self-management, mHealth and air pollution in selected chronic respiratory diseases (rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, asthma and COPD). The meeting resulted in the Vilnius Declaration that was developed by the participants of the EU Summit on chronic respiratory diseases under the leadership of Euforea.

Conclusion
The Vilnius Declaration represents an important step for the fight against air pollution in chronic respiratory diseases globally and has a clear strategic relevance with regard to the EU Health Strategy as it will bring added value to the existing public health knowledge.
Interactions on site between powdering porous limestone, natural salt mixtures and applied ammonium oxalate
Authors: Dreyfuss Tabitha 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The consolidation of powdering porous limestone with ammonium oxalate treatment is hereby being examined through its performance in the field. The literature to date reports this treatment’s potential use for consolidation and protection (from acid attack), while still retaining the water transport properties and supporting compatibility. This inspired a long-term research project which started in the laboratory and progressed to real buildings with a specific focus on the interactions in the stone taking place between the treatment and salt mixtures that may be present on site. This study focuses on the outcomes following a 24-h application of a 5% ammonium oxalate poultice on a historical soil-retaining wall located in a seventeenth century garden. In this case, besides calcium oxalate, the by-product formation of ammonium magnesium chloride was detected through X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). This is a first-time reported finding, which is important to consider within the environmental context of built heritage and ammonium oxalate treatment.
Knowledge Summaries for Comprehensive Breast Cancer Control: Feedback From Target Audiences in Kenya
Authors: Cira Mishka Kohli , Zujewski Jo Anne , Dvaladze Allison , Brand Nathan R. , Vogel Amanda L. 
Published: January 2019

PURPOSE Comprehensive breast cancer control programs are needed to decrease breast cancer mortality, but few tools exist to assist stakeholders in limited-resource settings. The Knowledge Summaries for Comprehensive Breast Cancer Control (KSBCs) are a series of evidence-based publications intended to support cancer control planning at various resource levels. The goals of this evaluation research study were to learn about the extent to which the KSBCs could be useful to policymakers, health care providers, and breast cancer advocates in Kenya, and whether introducing the KSBCs led to their uptake, and if so, how they were used. METHODS This study used one-on-one interviews, focus groups, and self-administered online surveys. Policymakers were recruited from the Ministry of Health. Providers were recruited from four hospitals in two cities, Nairobi and Eldoret, and one rural municipality, Kijabe. Advocates were recruited from cancer advocacy organizations. RESULTS Twenty individuals participated in the research. They found the KSBCs to be educational reference tools that create a shared planning-related knowledge base among diverse stakeholders. The KSBCs were seen to be applicable to a variety of contexts and stakeholders. CONCLUSION This study found that the KSBCs can be useful as both an educational tool and a convening tool for multistakeholder engagement in breast cancer prevention and control in a variety of settings. Additional engagement with users of the KSBCs can provide more knowledge about how the KSBCs are used and how they contribute to building collaborations across stakeholder groups to strengthen breast cancer prevention and control in low-resource settings.