bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Le « jeune » Flaubert et l’apprentissage des genres littéraires
Authors: SOUSSOU Moulay Youssef 
Published: July 2018

RÉSUMÉ. L’étude des premiers écrits de Flaubert est un domaine encore inexploré. Une telle étude est tellement salutaire pour saisir la formation de l’écrivain et décrire l’évolution de son style à travers les différentes étapes de son œuvre de jeunesse marquée par l’exploration de plusieurs genres littéraires. Pourquoi le jeune écrivain privilégie-t-il deux genres majeurs, le genre autobiographique qui lui permet de concrétiser sa faculté lyrique et le genre théâtral où se révèle sa nature oratoire ? Le style de Flaubert est animé par les deux dimensions lyrique et oratoire, lesquelles dimensions marquent le premier roman de maturité Madame Bovary. Si ce roman marque un tournant dans la carrière de l’auteur c’est d’une part parce qu’il cumule les procédés de l’œuvre de jeunesse et d’autre part constitue le dépouillement du style de cette même œuvre. C’est avec et contre les procédés de l’écriture romantique que Flaubert forgera son style. Mots clés : Evolution, Flaubert, Genre, style, Roman. ABSTRACT. The study of Flaubert's early writings is a domain that has not been explored yet. Conducting such a study is so beneficial for grasping the writer's formation and describing the evolution of his style through the different stages of his youthful work, which is marked by the exploration of several literary genres. Why does the young writer privilege two major genres, the autobiographical genre that allows him to concretize his lyric faculty and the theatrical genre in which his oratorical nature is revealed? Flaubert's style is animated by the two lyrical and oratorical dimensions, which characterize maturity of his first novel Madame Bovary. If this novel marks a turning point in the author’s career, it is because, on the one hand, it combines the processes of the work of youth, and, on the other hand, it consitutes the emerging style of the same work. It is with and against the processes of romantic writing that Flaubert forges his style. Keywords : Evolution, Flaubert, genre, novel, style.
Soundjata ou l’epopée mandingue à la lumiere de la structure du mythe du héros ou le désir d’etre Dieu de Philippe Sellier
Authors: KANE Dame 
Published: July 2018

RÉSUMÉ. L’intrusion de l’oralité dans les champs de recherche universitaire d’Afrique noire dans les années 1960, a mis au grand jour la richesse des récits épiques maliens. Plusieurs possibilités se présentent dans leur étude notamment l’analyse de leur liens avec l’épopée occidentale. Ce qui pourrait se faire en nous appuyant sur l’approche de Sellier (1970) suivant une démarche comparative. Soundjata, figure historique fondatrice de l’empire du Mali et initiatrice de la charte du Manden établie à kouroukan Fouga avec ses alliés de Kirina ayant triomphé du Roi forgeron Soumaoro Kanté à la bataille de Kirina en1235, devient, de ce fait, un personnage épique. Son épopée chantée par les griots, autrefois détenteurs de l’histoire, sera reprise par plusieurs auteurs comme Niane (1960) dans Soundjata ou l’épopée mandingue qui exalte les exploits de ce Roi-lion qui continue de marquer la mémoire des africains notamment de son peuple. Dans cet article, il est question, donc, de voir si cette œuvre de Niane prend en considération les différentes étapes du modèle héroïque classique tel qu’il est présenté par Sellier (1970) dans La structure du mythe du héros ou le désir d’être Dieu. Mots-clés : épopée, héros, manding, négro-africain, Sellier, Soundjata ABSTRACT. The intrusion of orality into the academic research fields of black Africa in the 1960s brought to light the richness of Malian epic narratives. Several possibilities exist in their study, including the analysis of their links with the Western epic. This could be done by using the Sellier approach (1970) using a comparative approach. Soundjata, founding historical figure of the Malian empire and initiator of the Manden charter established at Kurukan Fouga with his Kirina allies having triumphed over the blacksmith king Soumaoro Kanté at the Battle of Kirina in 1235, becomes, therefore, an epic character . His epic sung by the griots, formerly holders of the story, will be taken up by several authors like Niane (1960) in Soundjata or the Mandingo epic that extols the exploits of this Lion King who continues to mark the memory of Africans including his people. In this article, it is a question, therefore, to see if this work of Niane takes into consideration the different stages of the classic heroic model as presented by Sellier (1970) in The structure of the myth of the hero or the desire of to be God. Keywords: épic, héro, manding, négro-african, Sellier, Soundjata
FACEBOOK E EDUCAÇÃO: PUBLICAR, CURTIR, COMPARTILHAR.
Authors: Mota Marlton Fontes , Tavares Thiago Passos , Oliveira Kaio Eduardo de Jesus 
Published: July 2018

“Facebook e Educação: publicar, curtir e Compartilhar”
(2014) é um livro que discute espacialmente a
cultura contemporânea, compilando a produção coletiva
de 21 textos sobre a pluralidade de diálogos e
vozes produzidos pela tecnologia digital e sua mobilidade
ubíqua, sob a proposta de desenvolver um olhar
educacional das práticas e dos usos da rede social
Facebook. O lapso temporal que compreende o processo
de criação do livro e a sua aplicação no contexto
ensino-aprendizagem, na Cibercultura, poderia ser
um obstáculo para a elaboração da resenha, mas, o
que mais fascina na obra comentada é o seu pertencimento
no agora e para o futuro.
A REDE COMO INTERFACE EDUCATIVA: UMA REFLEXÃO EM TORNO DE CONCEITOS FUNDAMENTAIS
Authors: Cardoso Teresa , Pestana Filomena , Brás Sílvia 
Published: July 2018

É indiscutível o impacto que as novas tecnologias têm na forma como diariamente interagimos, efetuamos partilhas, trabalhamos e aprendemos. As redes sociais assumem aqui uma posição proeminente pela forma como se interage e se constroem comunidades virtuais de partilha, com interesses e objetivos comuns. O seu crescimento é exponencial, diferindo na forma como são utilizadas e se posicionam, indo do entretenimento ao desenvolvimento de ambientes pessoais de aprendizagem, consoante o propósito e a presença social que cada identidade digital define.
Com este texto pretende-se apresentar uma reflexão direcionada para a compreensão dos fenómenos que estão subjacentes a estes espaços de aprendizagem, na sua relação com a informação, os objetos de aprendizagem e o conhecimento. Para o efeito, revisitam-se conceitos fundamentais, que se articulam com o de Ambientes Pessoais de Aprendizagem, nomeadamente os conceitos de sociedade em rede, cibercultura, abertura, obsolescência do conhecimento e conhecimento conectivo.
Emerge, da nossa reflexão, que estamos perante uma rede que se posiciona como uma interface educativa, portadora de conhecimento distribuído pelos nós e pelos fluxos proporcionados pela conexão que cada indivíduo é capaz de concretizar. Desta forma, este ambiente de aprendizagem a distância permite, como nunca antes, o acesso à informação, ao conhecimento e aos outros. Consumidores e reprodutores podem tornar-se também produtores, emergindo as Redes Sociais que se estabelecem na Internet como um terreno fértil que importa considerar para nos espaços e comunidades digitais de aprendizagem.
La crisis del financiamiento del sistema interamericano de derechos humanos: una amenaza a la protección de derechos humanos en américa
Authors: MURCIA OLAYA TOMÁS ANDRÉS 
Published: July 2018

el presente artículo, tiene como propósito principal presentar un análisis frente a la crisis actual del financiamiento del sistema interamericano de derechos humanos y las implicaciones que ello puede tener para la protección de los derechos humanos de los países que han aceptado su competencia. para efectos de ello, se abordarán las formas de financiación actuales, y se mostrara al lector cual es la situación actual de este financiamiento, así como los factores que han contribuido al desfinanciamiento de este sistema, como lo son las alteraciones en los compromisos adquiridos por los estados que voluntariamente proveen de recursos para el funcionamiento de este sistema.
así mismo, se esbozan algunas propuestas que podrían de alguna manera contribuir con el fortalecimiento del compromiso de los estados en su deber de proveer de los recursos necesarios, a una instancia que significa una garantía más para los derechos humanos de sus ciudadanos.
Tratamiento de agua residual procedente de la industria de curtiembres mediante humedales subsuperficiales usando zantedeschia aethiopica
Authors: Suárez Escobar Andrés Felipe , Agudelo Valencia Rafael Nikolay , González German Alberto , Ramos Yulian Andrés 
Published: July 2018

Subsuperficial flux wetlands at bench scale were evaluated for tannery wastewater treatment. Plastic containers of 51 cm of length, 35 cm of width and 30 cm of height were used together with a substrate of gravel between 9 and 12.5 mm. One of the wetlands was planted with Zantedeschia Aethiopica, the other one was no planted and used as a control. Measurement of physical and chemical parameters as pH, turbidity, COD and total chromium were made. The operation of the wetlands was made with different dilution of the wastewater, initiating with a diluted water and finishing with pure wastewater in order to prepare the wetlands. The wastewater was recirculated for both wetlands and a period of time of 26 days was used for this study. A large improvement of the evaluated parameters was found for both wetlands. Nevertheless, a big difference between the planted and control wetland was not found. Accumulation of chromium in the plants was founded in roots, stems, leafs and flowers, making this plant ideal for phytostabilization and phytoremediation process.
INTEGRATING ISLAMIC DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR ACHIEVING FAMILY PRIVACY IN RESIDENTIAL ARCHITECTURE
Authors: Babangida Hamza , Katsina Halima Sani 
Published: July 2018

<p>Islamic Design Principles (IDP) are general guides in the context of the Islamic legal system (Sharia) abstracted for application in the management of the existing Muslim built environment and which could be used for the designing new buildings. Accordingly, they were developed from various Sharia sources among which include the Qur'an and the Hadith, as primary sources. The aim of this paper is to identify Islamic Design Principles which apply to architecture and to use same to demonstrate how they could be applied to achieve family privacy in residential design of the Muslim faithful. The research methodology involved literature search on extant works which identified Islamic Principles and their relevance to residential architecture on one hand and documentation of floor plans of existing houses designed for and occupied by Muslims in Nigeria. A four bedroom duplex among the documented houses was used to demonstrate how family privacy could be achieved using the Islamic Design Principles (IDP) at various design stages such as spatial rearrangement, reorientation, and reconfiguration of functional spaces without compromising global design criteria. In the redesigned floor plans, the design elements that were integrated include those which affected bedrooms, living rooms and other spaces for family interactions to reflect family privacy needs. Overall, the outcome of this paper adds to our understanding of the role the Islamic Design Principles (IDP) could play in no distant future on novel design approaches that support the use of new structural forms, shape and design elements which provides to privacy needs of Muslim faithful as well as satisfy universal design requirements. This paper will find practical implication if it is used as theoretical as well practical support to professionals in designing residences which address specific spiritual values of residents </p>
ARCHITECTURAL POLYGLOSSIA IN PUBLIC BUILDING FACADES OF LATE OTTOMAN PERIOD
Authors: Sener Mehmet , Bayraktar Neslihan Türkmenoğlu 
Published: July 2018

<p>The 19<sup>th</sup> century was a period of significant transformations in Ottoman architecture in terms of the professionalization of discipline and the actualization of new construction technologies and architectural styles. The basic reason for this situation was the changing politics of Ottoman rulers that was based on the aim of achieving westernization in every aspect of life. In this context, an architectural medium has occurred especially in public building constructions where western based design approaches dominated the architectural production. Whereas, public buildings having different architectural characteristics than this westernization based architectural production, were also constructed in different peripheries of the empire. It is argued in this article that public buildings with polyglossia architectures were built in those regions that were generally concentrated on the facades and had architectural qualities different than the public building constructions executed mostly in İstanbul and other central cities of the empire. In this framework, the characteristics of these polyglossia observed on public building facades that contributed to the formation of architectural diversities in the empire are aimed to be examined. These polyglossia approaches that didn’t transform into stabled architectural styles are evaluated within the framework of the design components and constructional elements applied on the buildings. </p>
Perra en celo de un sueño rojo: de la revolución al devenir. Reflexiones desde una práctica estética sobre la posibilidad del sujeto y la política contemporáneas
Authors: Luzza Rodríguez Pablo 
Published: July 2018

Preguntarse por el problema de la política en la teoría social contemporánea, nos enfrenta a la tensión que se presenta en la articulación entre la acción política capaz de transformar lo social y la disolución del sujeto. Si no hay sujeto, tampoco autores, ni personalidades, ni líderes en el sentido moderno de estos términos, ¿cuáles son las modalidades de acción social y política capaces transformar el curso de la historia? A partir de esta pregunta, y sirviéndonos de la noción de políticas del ano de Paul B. Preciado, tomaremos la teoría y las prácticas queer para ahondar en la relación entre procesos micro y macropolíticos, enfocando en los modos de producción subjetiva y los procesos de creación artístico- cultural capaces de trastocar los límites de lo posible. Así, Susy Shock, como un caso de militancia artística con manifiesto arraigo político queer de la escena under de Buenos Aires, nos permitirá acceder al análisis de un proceso de producción estético-político-teórico.
La consagración del escritor Pablo Montoya Campuzano. Un acercamiento a la institución literaria en Colombia
Authors: Mahecha Arias Jacqueline 
Published: July 2018

El primer cuarto del siglo XXI presenta nuevas dinámicas literarias vinculadas a los procesos de consagración de un autor ante la escalada de las grandes editoriales. A partir de lo anterior, se hace necesario entender cómo el autor sigue luchando por establecer su ideología dentro de un sistema que exige estructuras específicas para la producción de pensamiento, imaginación y publicaciones. Para tal efecto, se tomará en cuenta la teoría de Jacques Dubois, con el fin de identificar, de forma práctica, los agentes e instancias dentro de la institución literaria colombiana que intervienen en el proceso de consagración del escritor Pablo Montoya, y la incidencia de los premios literarios que le han otorgado.
KETENAGAAN DI TAMAN BACAAN MASYARAKAT
Authors: Sitepu B. P. 
Published: July 2018

Reading skill and reading habit should be developed in all levels of society in establishing reading and learning society which can not be avoided in this modern age. The Community Reading Centers (CRC) which have been developed since nineteen fifties are expected to stimulate the establishment and the development of reading societies all over Indonesia. The Government has provided some grants and facilities to empower the Centers to activate their functions. As the expectation for these centers is so great, this preliminary study made a close observation on four Centers located in Medan, North Sumatra. Attention was focused on the number and quality of man power serving the attendants in each Center. It is believed, the manpower plays a significant role in the operation of the Center to do its function to reach the predetermined goals. This preliminary study finds out that the quality of the manpower in the four Centers influence the quality and quantity of the services provided. The Center with experienced and active personnel is able to complete its function better than the ones with lack of experiences and initiatives. This study suggests the Government to give priority to training program in empowering the Centers.
PENINGKATAN PERAN PTK-PNF DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS INFORMASI KOMPUTER DAN TEKNOLOGI
Authors: Rasid Rasid 
Published: July 2018

Under an assumption that in the present days information and communication technology plays an important role in teaching and learning process, this article discusses how ICT can support the attainment of learning achievement. Based on the empirical studies, it recommends the educators and the supporting staff of non-formal education to improve their skills in using ICT in non-formal education and apply them in the instructional activities.
A Comparison of the Effect of One, Three, or Six Weeks of Immobilization on Function and Pain After Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Distal Radial Fractures in Adults
Authors: Watson Narelle , Haines Terrence , Tran Phong , Keating Jennifer L. 
Published: July 2018

Background:
The optimum period of immobilization following open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of distal radial fractures has not been established.

Methods:
One hundred and thirty-three adults with a distal radial fracture treated with ORIF (using a volar locked plate) were randomly allocated, with stratification according to age, to 1, 3, or 6 weeks of postoperative immobilization in a parallel-design, assessor-blinded, randomized controlled trial (RCT). After cast removal, a standardized education and exercise program was followed for 6 weeks. Primary outcomes were function (according to the Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation [PRWE]), worst (visual analog scale [VAS]-W) and usual (VAS-U) pain in the past week, and active wrist extension and forearm supination range of motion. All measures were recorded at 6, 12, and 26 weeks following surgery. Secondary outcomes were wrist flexion, radial deviation, ulnar deviation, and forearm pronation active range of motion; function (Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand [DASH]); grip strength; postoperative adverse events; return to work and/or usual daily activities; and compliance with the home exercise program.

Results:
More than 90% of the participants received treatment as allocated, and 87% completed the 6-month follow-up. At 6 weeks, both the 1-week and 3-week groups had significantly better PRWE scores, wrist extension, and flexion active range of motion than the 6-week group. However, no treatment group was superior to another with respect to primary or secondary outcomes at 12 weeks or 6 months following surgery. Analyses considering only the main effect of the intervention group indicated a preference for the 3-week group, which performed significantly better than the 6-week group with respect to the PRWE, pain (VAS-W and VAS-U), wrist flexion, ulnar deviation, forearm pronation active range of motion, and DASH score.

Conclusions:
For patient function, range of motion, and pain, this investigation demonstrated that immobilization periods of 1 and 3 weeks produced superior short-term outcomes compared with those after 6 weeks of immobilization. These differences were not evident at 3 and 6 months following surgery, with the immobilization period having no significant effect on long-term function, range of motion, or pain. There were no significant differences in adverse events associated with shorter immobilization periods.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Hydrologic assessment of the TMPA 3B42-V7 product in a typical alpine and gorge region: the Lancang River basin, China
Authors: Wang Zhaoli , Chen Jiachao , Lai Chengguang , Zhong Ruida , Chen Xiaohong , Yu Haijun 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
To evaluate the accuracy and applicability of the TMPA 3B42-V7 precipitation product for the Lancang River basin, we used different statistical indices to explore the performance of the product in comparison to gauge data. Then, we performed a hydrologic simulation using the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) hydrological model with two scenarios (Scenario I: streamflow simulation using gauge-calibrated parameters; Scenario II: streamflow simulation using 3B42-V7-recalibrated parameters) to verify the applicability of the product. The results of the precipitation analysis show good accuracy of the V7 precipitation data. The accuracy increases with the increase of both space and time scales, while time scale increases cause a stronger effect. The satellite can accurately measure most of the precipitation but tends to misidentify non-precipitation events as light precipitation events (&lt;1 mm/day). The results of the hydrologic simulation show that the VIC hydrological model has good applicability for the Lancang River basin. However, 3B42-V7 data did not perform as well under Scenario I with the lowest Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient of efficiency (NSCE) of 0.42; Scenario II suggests that the error drops significantly and the NSCE increases to 0.70 or beyond. In addition, the simulation accuracy increases with increased temporal scale.
CVDentus bur for epithelial abrasion in the treatment of melanin pigmentation: case report
Authors: Leite Katiane Vieira Menezes , Souza Patrícia Oliveira de , Paz Jussania Fonseca da , Fernandes Ana Beatriz Franco , Cunha Leonardo Fernandes da , Correr Gisele Maria 
Published: July 2018

Introduction: The gingival melanin hyperpigmentation (GMH) is resulted from an abnormal deposition of melanin, but it is not a pathology. However, GMH is an esthetic problem for some people. Some alternatives of treatment for this situation exist. The epithelial abrasion has been an interesting alternative because it has a satisfactory esthetic outcome, is a fast procedure, of easy execution, and low cost. Recently, tips adapted in ultrasound (CVDentus) can bean alternative approach. Objective: To report a clinical case of GMH treated by the technique of the epithelial abrasion with association of instrument adapted in ultrasound. Case report: Patient aged 28 years, melanoderm, sought treatment due to esthetic dissatisfaction because of intense dark color in the maxillary gingiva. The GMH removal was proposed through the technique of the epithelialabrasion CVD bur. Conclusion: The technique of epithelial abrasion using CVD bur was effective in removing GMH at one-year follow-up showing to be easy and safe technique.
Prevalence of oropharynx cancer caused by HPV compared with genital cancer
Authors: Resende Rafaela Guimarães , Krinski Fernanda Garcia , Giovanini Allan Fernando 
Published: July 2018

Introduction: For a long time, the literature has established that HPV may be associated to pharynx cancer. Objective: To verify the number of publications in three different databases on the prevalence of oral, esophageal, penile, and cervical-vaginal cancer associated with HPV. Material and methods: The publications were verified in Pubmed, Lilacs, and Bireme databases; the keywords “mouth cancer”, “esophageal cancer”, “penile cancer”, and “cervical vaginal cancer”were associated with HPV. Data were tabulated in absolute numbers. Results: In all databases, the number of cervical carcinoma was much larger than that of other cancers. Conclusion: The number of cervical cancer was the most found associated with HPV because of the histological and specific functional conditions of this site.