bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioprocess optimization of laccase production through solid substrate fermentation using Perenniporia tephropora‐L168 and its application in bioremediation of triaryl‐methane dye
Authors: Patil Nayna D. , Chopade Lalit R. , Narkhede Ketan P. , Chaudhari Bhushan L. , Mahajan Raghunath T. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractLaccases are multi copper oxidases that can oxidize both phenolic and nonphenolic lignin related compounds. Consequently, there has been continuous demand for laccases for the oxidative degradation of phenolic dyes in effluents. In view of this, the present work was focused on laccase production by solid substrate fermentation using a newly isolated fungus Perenniporia tephropora‐L168. To intensify the laccase production, the process parameters pH, nitrogen, inducer, and substrate: water ratio were optimized by using statistical model. A set of optimal conditions noted were pH 3, nitrogen 0.001 g/L; inducer 0.5% and substrate: water ratio (1:10), which yielded laccase 1,160 U/g. The crude laccase exhibited noteworthy potential to degrade a triaryl‐methane dye especially Malachite green. Also, during bioremediation studies, the statistical process optimization could achieve 81% decolourization within 180 min. The laccase treatment brought chemical transformation in malachite green as evident from UV–Visible spectra, FTIR, HPLC while toxicity against bacteria and fungi was also reduced. During phytotoxicity study, effect of treated and untreated dye on germination of seed was analyzed. Interestingly, the germination index for Vigna aconitifolia and Vigna radiata was increased by two and fourfold, respectively. Overall, this work demonstrates optimized production of laccase using Perenniporia tephropora‐L168 and its efficient bioremediation potential for triaryl‐methane dye.
Natural Monoterpenes: Much More than Only a Scent
Authors: Wojtunik‐Kulesza Karolina A. , Kasprzak Kamila , Oniszczuk Tomasz , Oniszczuk Anna 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTerpenes are a widespread group of secondary metabolites that can be found in various family plants such as the Lamiaceae. In view of their numerous valuable biological activities, the industrial production of concrete terpenes and essential oils rich in the substances is intensively studied. Monoterpenes constitute a significant part of the whole group of the aforementioned secondary metabolites. This is due to their numerous biological activities and their ability to permeate the skin. Despite the fact that these substances have gain popularity, they are not comprehensively characterized. The presented review is based on studies of the biological activities of the most important monoterpenes and the essential oils rich in these compounds. The authors focused attention on antioxidant activity, inhibition towards acetyl‐ and butyrylcholinesterase, and α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase, antifungal, hepatoprotective, sedative properties, and their skin permeation enhancement.
Self‐assembly of Atomically Dispersed Ag Catalysts on Polyhedral Co3O4 at Elevated Temperatures: A Top‐Down Nanofabrication of High‐Loading Atomically Dispersed Catalysts
Authors: Huang Zhiwei , Zhang Jie , Du Yuyao , Zhang Ying , Wu Xiaomin , Jing Guohua 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCatalysts based on atomically dispersed noble metal catalysts have attracted considerable attention due to their enhanced reactivity and selectivity. However, to prevent the formation of metal nanoparticles and to keep the dispersity of isolated single atoms on surface, the loading concentration of the noble metal must be kept low (usually below 0.5 %). Here, we report a self‐assembly approach for synthesizing a stable atomically dispersed silver‐cobalt oxide catalyst on polyhedral Co3O4 nanoparticles containing Ag up to 10 wt % at elevated temperature. The sample‐averaged extended X‐ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analysis revealed the presence of highly dispersed Ag species along with small Ag clusters. The coordinatively unsaturated Co3+ centers present on the {110} facets of the Co3O4 surface were shown to be crucial for anchoring catalytically active single Ag atoms. Control experiments showed that polyhedral Co3O4 was more effective than Co3O4‐cube and Co3O4‐octahedron at anchoring Ag atoms. The oxidized nature of the atomically dispersed Ag sites was revealed by X‐ray absorption near‐edge structure (XANES) Ag−L3‐edge spectra. From the H2‐temperature programmed reduction and CO oxidation test, it was discovered that downsizing catalytically active components from nanocrystals to single atoms not only enhanced the catalytic activity, but also endowed single‐atom catalysts with exceptional oxygen activation ability at low temperature.
Degradation Kinetics of Beech Wood and its Components Cellulose, Lignin and D‐Xylose at HTC Conditions
Authors: Bär Fabian , Curtze Jan H. , Dörr Timo , Drochner Alfons , Vogel Herbert 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDie energetische Nutzung organischer Abfälle kann die Tank‐vs.‐Teller‐Problematik mildern. Durch Einsatz der hydrothermalen Carbonisierung (HTC) kann aus Abfallbiomasse und insbesondere Feuchtbiomasse eine energiereiche Biokohle erhalten werden. Durch die Bestimmung der Abbaukinetik von Cellulose, D‐Xylose und Lignin konnte das Reaktionsverhalten bestimmt und gegenüber einer realen Biomasse (Buchenholz) validiert werden.
∆Np63/p40 correlates with the location and phenotype of basal/mesenchymal cancer stem‐like cells in human ER+ and HER2+ breast cancers
Authors: Liu Yajing , Nekulova Marta , Nenutil Rudolf , Horakova Iva , Appleyard M Virginia , Murray Karen , Holcakova Jitka , Galoczova Michaela , Quinlan Philip , Jordan Lee B , Purdie Colin A , Vojtesek Borivoj , Thompson Alastair M , Coates Philip J 
Published: October 2019

AbstractΔNp63, also known as p40, regulates stemness of normal mammary gland epithelium and provides stem cell characteristics in basal and HER2‐driven murine breast cancer models. Whilst ΔNp63/p40 is a characteristic feature of normal basal cells and basal‐type triple‐negative breast cancer, some receptor‐positive breast cancers express ΔNp63/p40 and its overexpression imparts cancer stem cell‐like properties in ER+ cell lines. However, the incidence of ER+ and HER2+ tumours that express ΔNp63/p40 is unclear and the phenotype of ΔNp63/p40+ cells in these tumours remains uncertain. Using immunohistochemistry with p63 isoform‐specific antibodies, we identified a ΔNp63/p40+ tumour cell subpopulation in 100 of 173 (58%) non‐triple negative breast cancers and the presence of this population associated with improved survival in patients with ER−/HER2+ tumours (p = 0.006). Furthermore, 41% of ER+/PR+ and/or HER2+ locally metastatic breast cancers expressed ΔNp63/p40, and these cells commonly accounted for <1% of the metastatic tumour cell population that localised to the tumour/stroma interface, exhibited an undifferentiated phenotype and were CD44+/ALDH−. In vitro studies revealed that MCF7 and T47D (ER+) and BT‐474 (HER2+) breast cancer cell lines similarly contained a small subpopulation of ΔNp63/p40+ cells that increased in mammospheres. In vivo, MCF7 xenografts contained ΔNp63/p40+ cells with a similar phenotype to primary ER+ cancers. Consistent with tumour samples, these cells also showed a distinct location at the tumour/stroma interface, suggesting a role for paracrine factors in the induction or maintenance of ΔNp63/p40. Thus, ΔNp63/p40 is commonly present in a small population of tumour cells with a distinct phenotype and location in ER+ and/or HER2+ human breast cancers.
Why only blue in the traditional architecture of western Himalaya, India?
Authors: Joshi Naveen C. , Rawat Gopal S. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe local environment defines the traditional designs and color of buildings in remote wilderness areas. Color, an integral element of the traditional architecture, is related to the culture, experience, perception, and beliefs, which forms a part of the traditional knowledge of the user. Some ethnic groups have been using some specific color patterns in their houses for generations, which have been carried forward in their traditions and customs. Recognizing this, a study to document the color preference and motivations for the preference of specific colors by an ethnic community residing in the interior valleys of western Himalaya was conducted. By group discussions, 13 indicators, which further merged into five motivation categories, were identified. Semistructured interviews (n = 159) were conducted to assess the perception of selected ethnic groups toward color preference. This study reveals that color preference in architecture is influenced by psychological and sociocultural reasons that vary with gender and age classes.
Virtual Materials Intelligence for Design and Discovery of Advanced Electrocatalysts
Authors: Malek Ali , Eslamibidgoli Mohammad Javad , Mokhtari Mehrdad , Wang Qianpu , Eikerling Michael H. , Malek Kourosh 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSimilar to advancements gained from big data in genomics, security, internet of things, and e‐commerce, the materials workflow could be made more efficient and prolific through advances in streamlining data sources, autonomous materials synthesis, rapid characterization, big data analytics, and self‐learning algorithms. In electrochemical materials science, data sets are large, unstructured/heterogeneous, and difficult to process and analyze from a single data channel or platform. Computer‐aided materials design together with advances in data mining, machine learning, and predictive analytics are expected to provide inexpensive and accelerated pathways towards tailor‐made functionally optimized energy materials. Fundamental research in the field of electrochemical energy materials focuses primarily on complex interfacial phenomena and kinetic electrocatalytic processes. This perspective article critically assesses AI‐driven modeling and computational approaches that are currently applied to those objects. An application‐driven materials intelligence platform is introduced, and its functionalities are scrutinized considering the development of electrocatalyst materials for CO2 conversion as a use case.
MHD boundary layer of GO–H2O nanoliquid flow upon stretching plate with considering nonlinear thermal ray and Joule heating effect
Authors: Shahlaei S. , Hassankolaei M. G. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis essay investigates a steady three‐dimensional laminar boundary layer flow of magnetohydromagnetic radiative of graphene oxide‐water nanofluid over an extensible surface in the attendance of couple stress, thermal ray, and Joule heating impact. Governing equations are solved numerically using the Runge‐Kutta‐Fehlberg 4.5 approach after the transformation of partial differential equations into ordinary differential equations. The main goal of this essay is to check the impacts of variations in the value of numerous parameters on the velocity along x and y‐axis directions () and temperature () profiles, and also on the local skin friction coefficient along x and y‐axis directions in the presence of couple stress (K > 0) and the lack of couple stress (K = 0) and local Nusselt number for the two modes of nonlinear () and linear () thermal ray. The results elucidate that the local Nusselt number for both and modes has a direct connection with radiation parameter (R) and Prandtl number (Pr) and an inverse relation with Eckert number (Ec) and Hartman number (Ha). In addition, the skin friction coefficient has an inverse relation with couple stress (K).
Numerical study and sensitivity analysis on convective heat transfer enhancement in a heat pipe partially filled with porous material using LTE and LTNE methods
Authors: Roohani Isfahani Seyed N. , Salimpour Mohammad R. , Shirani Ebrahim 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAn improved design for convective heat transfer in a heat pipe partially filled with porous medium is presented. In the present study, porous media is used to increase heat transfer in laminar flow inside the tube with a constant heat flux boundary condition. The porous segments are set in different positions in the tube, while the ratio of porous volume to total volume of tube is considered to be constant. A performance evaluation criteria (PEC), which takes account of both heat transfer and pumping power, is defined to find the enhanced mode of porous media arrangement. According to the current results, PEC increases with the number of porous segments. Moreover, the sequence of unequal segments arrangement within the tube is from the largest to the smallest part for a higher PEC. Effects of parameters including porosity, Darcy number, and ratio of effective coefficient of thermal conductivity to coefficient of thermal conductivity of fluid (TKR) are investigated for sensitivity analysis. Simulations are conducted using the local thermal equilibrium method. In addition, the local thermal nonequilibrium is also used for comparison. For TKR numbers less than 10, these models show the same results with negligible differences except for TKR more than 10.
Autofluorescence excitation‐emission matrices as a quantitative tool for the assessment of meat quality
Authors: Islam Kashif , Mahbub Saabah B. , Clement Sandhya , Guller Anna , Anwer Ayad G. , Goldys Ewa M. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCommercially produced meat is currently graded by a complex and partly subjective multiparameter methodology; a quantitative method of grading, using small samples would be desirable. Here, we investigate the correlation between commercial grades of beef and spectral signatures of native fluorophores in such small samples. Beef samples of different commercial grades were characterized by fluorescence spectroscopy complemented by biochemical and histological assessment. The excitation‐emission matrices of the specimens reveal five prominent native autofluorescence signatures in the excitation range from 250 to 350 nm, derived mainly from tryptophan and intramuscular fat. We found that these signatures reflect meat grade and can be used for its determination.
Three‐dimensional intravital imaging in bone research
Authors: Liu Yuhao , Yuan Quan , Zhang Shiwen 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIntravital imaging has emerged as a novel and efficient tool for visualization of in situ dynamics of cellular behaviors and cell‐microenvironment interactions in live animals, based on desirable microscopy techniques featuring high resolutions, deep imaging and low phototoxicity. Intravital imaging, especially based on multi‐photon microscopy, has been used in bone research for dynamics visualization of a variety of physiological and pathological events at the cellular level, such as bone remodeling, hematopoiesis, immune responses and cancer development, thus, providing guidance for elucidating novel cellular mechanisms in bone biology as well as guidance for new therapies. This review is aimed at interpreting development and advantages of intravital imaging in bone research, and related representative discoveries concerning bone matrices, vessels, and various cells types involved in bone physiologies and pathologies. Finally, current limitations, further refinement, and extended application of intravital imaging in bone research are concluded.
lncRNA RPL34‐AS1 inhibits cell proliferation and invasion while promoting apoptosis by competitively binding miR‐3663‐3p/RGS4 in papillary thyroid cancer
Authors: Ji Lili , Fan Xing , Zhou Feng , Gu Jun , Deng Xuedong 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPapillary thyroid cancer (PTC) accounts for 80% of all thyroid cancers and seriously impacts the quality of people's lives. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in PTC. In previous studies, thousands of lncRNAs were screened to study their potential relationships with PTC. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of RPL34‐AS1 in PTC and to explore its potential mechanisms. Bioinformatic analyses were performed to characterize the possible function and biological features of RPL34‐AS1. Apoptosis, proliferation, and invasion were detected to assess the effect of RPL34‐AS1. Cell proliferation was measured using a Cell Counting Kit‐8 assay. Western blot analysis was used to assess the apoptosis proteins Bax and Bcl‐2. Cell invasion was measured using a Transwell assay. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) analysis was performed to examine RPL34‐AS1, miR‐3663‐3P, and RGS4 expression. Dual‐luciferase assay was performed to assess the binding of miR‐3663‐3P by RPL34‐AS1. RIP experiment was used to verify the combination between miR‐3663‐3p and RGS4. We found that overexpression of RPL34‐AS1 could inhibit proliferation and invasion while promoting apoptosis in PTC cell lines. Moreover, RPL34‐AS1 could also competitively bind miR‐3663‐3p and exert its function by regulating the miR‐3663‐3p/RGS4 in PTC cell lines. We found a previously uncharacterized lncRNA, RPL34‐AS1, and studied its function and mechanism in PTC. Our research will provide new insights into PTC and new clues for its clinical treatment.
Elevating SOX2 in prostate tumor cells upregulates expression of neuroendocrine genes, but does not reduce the inhibitory effects of enzalutamide
Authors: Metz Ethan P. , Wilder Phillip J. , Dong Jixin , Datta Kaustubh , Rizzino Angie 
Published: October 2019

AbstractProstate cancer (PCa) is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths in men. In this cancer, the stem cell transcription factor SOX2 increases during tumor progression, especially as the cancer progresses to the highly aggressive neuroendocrine‐like phenotype. Other studies have shown that knockdown of RB1 and TP53 increases the expression of neuroendocrine markers, decreases the sensitivity to enzalutamide, and increases the expression of SOX2. Importantly, knockdown of SOX2 in the context of RB1 and TP53 depletion restored sensitivity to enzalutamide and reduced the expression of neuroendocrine markers. In this study, we examined whether elevating SOX2 is not only necessary, but also sufficient on its own to promote the expression of neuroendocrine markers and confer enzalutamide resistance. For this purpose, we engineered LNCaP cells for inducible overexpression of SOX2 (i‐SOX2–LNCaP). As shown previously for other tumor cell types, inducible elevation of SOX2 in i‐SOX2–LNCaP inhibited cell proliferation. SOX2 elevation also increased the expression of several neuroendocrine markers, including several neuropeptides and synaptophysin. However, SOX2 elevation did not decrease the sensitivity of i‐SOX2–LNCaP cells to enzalutamide, which indicates that elevating SOX2 on its own is not sufficient to confer enzalutamide resistance. Furthermore, knocking down SOX2 in C4‐2B cells, a derivative of LNCaP cells which is far less sensitive to enzalutamide and which expresses much higher levels of SOX2 than LNCaP cells, did not alter the growth response to this antiandrogen. Thus, our studies indicate that NE marker expression can increase independently of the sensitivity to enzalutamide.
Inhibition of microRNA‐327 ameliorates ischemia/reperfusion injury‐induced cardiomyocytes apoptosis through targeting apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain
Authors: Li Qi , Yang Jun , Zhang Jing , Liu Xiao‐Wen , Yang Chao‐Jun , Fan Zhi‐Xing , Wang Hui‐Bo , Yang Ying , Zheng Tao , Yang Jian 
Published: October 2019

AbstractApoptosis is the major cause of cardiomyocyte death in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MI/RI). Increasing evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) can contribute to the regulation of cardiomyocytes apoptosis by posttranscriptional modulation of gene expression networks. However, the effects of miR‐327 in regulating MI/RI‐induced cardiomyocytes apoptosis have not been extensively investigated. This study was performed to test whether miR‐327 participate in cardiomyocytes apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo, and reveal the potential molecular mechanism of miR‐327 regulated MI/RI through targeting apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain (ARC). Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were subjected to MI/RI by left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion for 30 min and reperfusion for 3 hr. H9c2 cells were exposed to hypoxia for 4 hr and reoxygenation for 12 hr to mimic I/R injury. miRNA‐327 recombinant adenovirus vectors were transfected into H9c2 cells for 48 hr and rats for 72 hr before H/R and MI/RI treatment, respectively. The apoptosis rate, downstream molecules of apoptotic pathway, and the target reaction between miRNA‐327 and ARC were evaluated. Our results showed that miR‐327 was upregulated and ARC was downregulated in the myocardial tissues of MI/RI rats and in H9c2 cells with H/R treatment. Inhibition of miR‐327 decreased the expression levels of proapoptotic proteins Fas, FasL, caspase‐8, Bax, cleaved caspase‐9, cleaved caspase‐3, and the release of cytochrome‐C, as well as increasing the expression levels of antiapoptotic protein Bcl‐2 via negative regulation of ARC both in vivo or vitro. In contrast, overexpression miR‐327 showed the reverse effect. Moreover, the results of luciferase reporter assay indicated miR‐327 targets ARC directly at the posttranscriptional level. Taken together, inhibition of miR‐327 could attenuate cardiomyocyte apoptosis and alleviate I/R‐induced myocardial injury via targeting ARC, which offers a new therapeutic strategy for MI/RI.
Using Big Data to Study the Impact of Mass Violence: Opportunities for the Traumatic Stress Field
Authors: Jones Nickolas M. , Brymer Melissa , Silver Roxane Cohen 
Published: October 2019

AbstractStudying the community impact of mass violence using a Big Data approach from social media data (e.g., Twitter) offers traumatic stress researchers an unprecedented opportunity to study and clarify theoretical assumptions using large‐scale, observational, ecologically valid data. We describe challenges and benefits of working with Twitter data and briefly review studies that used Twitter data to explore community responses to mass violence. We then demonstrate the use of Twitter data to examine community responses to a specific event: the 2015 San Bernardino terrorist attack, in which 14 people were killed and 22 were wounded. In a 6‐week time frame around this attack, we evaluated the time course of community‐level negative emotion. We downloaded 1.16 million tweets, representing 25,894 users from San Bernardino, CA, and a matched control community, Stockton, CA. All tweets were coded in R using the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) negative emotion dictionary. A piecewise regression technique with a discontinuity analysis was used to evaluate pre‐ and postevent trajectories of negative emotion across the study window. Controlling for within‐user variability, negative emotion increased by 6.2%, β = .182, SE = .014, p < .001, in San Bernardino on the day of the attack and remained elevated for 5 days; no elevation was observed in Stockton. We discuss how data‐driven text analytic techniques are useful for exploring Twitter content generated after collective traumas and describe challenges and opportunities accompanying analyses of social media data to understand the impact of mass violence on affected populations.