bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Online Mother Support Group: The New Way of Peer Support for Improving Breastfeeding Performance
Authors: Dewanti Lintang Purwara , Februhartanty Judhiastuty , Roshita Airin 
Published: August 2019

Background: Data from Riskesdas in 2010 showed that family living in the urban area still had lower rate of exclusive breastfeeding, specifically 25.2% compare to those living in the rural area. In Jakarta, the proportion of children aged 0-23 months that still being breastfed was only 70.3%, this rate was below the national level of children age 0-23 months that still being breastfed which reach 80.1%. This study aimed to explore the experiences of mothers attending online Mother Support Group as their breastfeeding support.
Methods: Qualitative approach was used to explore mothers’ breastfeeding performance and mothers’ experience attending the online group. Key findings show the mothers in the group exposure received support and knowledge from other mother or peers. Type of support given to the mother by both peers and experts (professionals) can be in the form of support group and given in online form.
Results: There were also mothers experienced overwhelmed with the information that circulate. This kind of mothers considered that they better learning with individual setting to be more focus or conduct only virtual meeting
Conclusion: Good performance on breastfeeding among mothers’ can be maintained by their experiences of group that allow mothers learn in conducive environment and/or solved mothers’ breastfeeding problem.
Universal Approximation Property and Equivalence of Stochastic Computing-Based Neural Networks and Binary Neural Networks
Authors: Wang Yanzhi , Zhan Zheng , Zhao Liang , Tang Jian , Wang Siyue , Li Jiayu , Yuan Bo , Wen Wujie , Lin Xue 
Published: August 2019

Large-scale deep neural networks are both memory and computation-intensive, thereby posing stringent requirements on the computing platforms. Hardware accelerations of deep neural networks have been extensively investigated. Specific forms of binary neural networks (BNNs) and stochastic computing-based neural networks (SCNNs) are particularly appealing to hardware implementations since they can be implemented almost entirely with binary operations.
Despite the obvious advantages in hardware implementation, these approximate computing techniques are questioned by researchers in terms of accuracy and universal applicability. Also it is important to understand the relative pros and cons of SCNNs and BNNs in theory and in actual hardware implementations. In order to address these concerns, in this paper we prove that the “ideal” SCNNs and BNNs satisfy the universal approximation property with probability 1 (due to the stochastic behavior), which is a new angle from the original approximation property. The proof is conducted by first proving the property for SCNNs from the strong law of large numbers, and then using SCNNs as a “bridge” to prove for BNNs. Besides the universal approximation property, we also derive an appropriate bound for bit length M in order to provide insights for the actual neural network implementations. Based on the universal approximation property, we further prove that SCNNs and BNNs exhibit the same energy complexity. In other words, they have the same asymptotic energy consumption with the growth of network size. We also provide a detailed analysis of the pros and cons of SCNNs and BNNs for hardware implementations and conclude that SCNNs are more suitable.
Travmatik Terör Yaşantıları Sonrası Kendine Yabancılaşma
Authors: TURAN Nazan , ÖZKAN Birgül 
Published: August 2019

Günümüzde yaşanan terör saldırıları sonrasında bireylerin, yaşadıkları olayın ruhsal etkilerini minimum düzeyde hissetmeleri ve kimlik karmaşasına düşmeden, kendilerine yabancılaşmadan, toplum birliği ve toplum bilinci dahilinde yaşamlarına devam etmeleri önemli bir ihtiyaçtır. Bu ihtiyacın giderilmesi, kendine yabancılaşma sorunun terör saldırıları ile birlikte ele alınması, incelenmesi ve durumun tam olarak anlaşılması ile ilgilidir. Bu doğrultuda derlemede, ilk olarak terör ve ideolojik yapısının ele alınması, sonrasında terör saldırıları ile ilişkili olduğu düşünülen kendine yabancılaşma kavramı ve neden olduğu sorunların incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar dengan Mengoptimalkan Metode Ekspositori Pada Mata Pelajaran Matematika Kelas VIII SMP
Authors: Vivitri Melisa , Sunardi Sunardi 
Published: August 2019

Pelajaran matematika kelas VIII terdapat materi pokok relasi dan fungsi, persamaan garis lurus, persamaan linier, materi tersebut merupakan bagian yang penting dalam bidang studi matematika, karena di gunakan untuk, geometri, ilmu ekonomi serta ilmu terapan yang banyak di gunakan dalam kehidupan nyata. Masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah hasil belajar siswa pada materi pokok relasi dan fungsi, persamaan garis lurus, persamaan linier masih kurang dari kreteria ketuntasan siswa yang ditentukan sekolah 80. Metode pembelajaran yang digunakan didi SMP Muhammadiyah 4 Palembang adalah ekspositori. Setelah dilakukan pengamatan 2 kali pelaksanaan pembelajaran sebagai tindakan prasiklus di kelas oleh guru dan didiskusikan dengan dosen hasilya nilai belum mencapai Kreteria Ketuntasan Minimal(KKM) , ada tahapan yang belum muncul sesuai sintak, dan perlu keterlibatan siswa. Peneliti ini mengoptimalkan metode ekspositorimelalui diskusi dan kolaborasi antara guru dan dosen. Langkah berikutnya mengamati proses pembelajaran, tahapan pembelajaran dilakukan secara runtut pada siklus berikunya. Petemuan pada siklus 1 dan 2 menggunakan motode ekspositori hasil belajar siswa melampaui target KKM yang sudah ditetapkan. Rencana Pelaksaanaan Pembelajaran(RPP) dengan metode ekspositori sangat baik, terlihat dari kenaikan ketuntasan belajar siswa, antusiasme siswa dan keterlibatan siswa dalam mengikuti proses pembelajaran. Data yang telah dideskripsikan, merupakan hasil dari implikasi tindakan yang telah dilaksanakan, karena 86% dari jumlah siswa mencapai nilai 80, maka dari mengoptimalkan metode ekspositori dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa.
Pengaruh Kemampuan Koneksi Matematika Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Pada Materi Garis Singgung Lingkaran Kelas VIII SMPN 2 Sumbergempol Tulungagung
Authors: Azizah Miftahul , Fauziyah Fitria 
Published: August 2019

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh diantara kemampuan koneksi matematika dengan hasil belajar siswa dan juga untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh yang ditimbulkan oleh kedua variabel tersebut. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, dengan menggunkana uji korelasi pearson product moment sebagai uji hubungan antara kemampuan koneksi matematika dengan hasil belajar siswa, namun sebelumnya telah dilakukan uji normalitas menggunakan kolmogorov-smirnov. Sebelum pengambilan data instrumen terlebih dahulu di uji validitas dan reliabilitasnya. Semua perhitungan mulai dari uji valid dan reliabel hingga analisis data menggunakan taraf signifikansi 5% dengan bantuan software SPSS v-16. Uji hipotesis menghasilkan signifikansi 0,001 yang kurang dari 0,05 yang artinya terdapat korelasi antara kemampuan koneksi matemtika dan hasil belajar siswa. Nilai korelasi pearson product momentnya adalah 0,706 yang berarti hubungannya dalam kategori kuat.
Kata kunci : kemempuan koneksi matematika dan hasil belajar
DESCRIÇÃO DAS PROPRIEDADES FÍSICAS DAS SUPERFÍCIES PT(100) E PT(111) UTILIZANDO SIMULAÇÕES COMPUTACIONAIS DE PRIMEIROS PRINCÍPIOS BASEADAS NA TEORIA DO FUNCIONAL DA DENSIDADE
Authors: Sousa Eduardo Dias R. , Sousa Regina Lélis de 
Published: August 2019

Cristal de platina e suas superfícies são de grande interesse porque utilizadas em diferentes áreas tecnológicas e, recentemente, têm se destacado como catalisadores em células a combustível. Todavia, problemas desafiadores precisam ser sobrepujados para que a eficiência em geração de energia seja satisfatória e permita o uso em larga escala. A modelagem computacional é ferramenta útil para responder a questões fundamentais relativas aos processos de catálise nos dispositivos eletroquímicos. Apresenta-se aqui uma investigação sistemática de propriedades estruturais, energéticas e eletrônicas do cristal e das superfícies de Pt(100) e Pt(111) empregando metodologia de primeiros princípios baseada na Teoria do Funcional da Densidade. Utilizou-se técnicas de espaço recíproco que permitiram a descrição da periodicidade destes sistemas aliada a um baixo custo computacional. A convergência de parâmetros de cálculos que devem ser ajustados para sistemas metálicos é discutida em detalhes. Estrutura cristalina, energia de coesão e propriedades eletrônicas para o cristal de Pt estão em excelente acordo com os dados experimentais e teóricos da literatura. Propriedades estruturais, energéticas e eletrônicas das superfícies Pt(100) e Pt(111) são discutidas. Testes de convergência evidenciaram ser imprescindível o uso de fatias com pelo menos 06 camadas atômicas para a correta descrição computacional destas supefícies. A comparação com simulações computacionais da literatura ou resultados experimentais mostram que a metodologia é adequada à descrição da Pt e suas superfícies e o resultados apresentados podem ser úteis para nortear futuras simulações computacionais de sistemas mais complexos envolvendo este material.
Palavras-chave: Superfícies de Platina, Teoria do Funcional da Densidade, Estrutura Eletrônica.
STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS EM ALIMENTOS
Authors: Silva Juliana Fonseca Moreira , Feitosa Amanda Campos , Rodrigues Rosimeire Mendes 
Published: August 2019

A intoxicação alimentar por estafilococos é uma das doenças transmitidas por alimentos (DTA) mais comuns e resulta da ingestão de enterotoxinas estafilocócicas (EE) pré-formadas em alimentos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo elaborar uma revisão sobre Staphylococcus em alimentos, surtos de intoxicação estafilocócica, enterotoxinas comumente envolvidas em surtos e métodos de identificação de enterotoxinas estafilocócicas. A metodologia empregada baseou-se na pesquisa qualitativa e sistemas de informação. No Brasil os dados do Sistema Nacional de Agravos e Notificações da Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde SINAN\SVS, Ministério da saúde, atribuem ao S. aureus a ocorrência de 7,7% dos surtos de origem alimentar no período compreendido entre 2000 a outubro de 2015. Para melhorar a caracterização de EE várias técnicas têm sido integradas na estratégia de diagnóstico, sendo os métodos mais utilizados para detectar as toxinas bacterianas nos alimentos: bioensaios, biologia molecular e imunológico. Os métodos convencionais de detecção de EE são de trabalho intensivo e incapaz de satisfazer as necessidades de detecção em tempo real. A biologia molecular baseada em PCR é um método viável, mais rápido e com resultados conclusivos. Os métodos cromatográficos são eficientes e sensíveis, porém, os requisitos da amostra, instrumentos caros e treinamento de pessoal limitam a sua aplicação.
Palavras-chave: Staphylococcus aureus. Intoxicação alimentar. Enterotoxinas estafilocócicas.
Mediation of Academic Self-esteem on Relationship between Grades and Psychological Disengagement
Authors: Otanga Habil 
Published: August 2019

<p>The motivational basis for students’ school outcomes remains an area of great concern. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether academic self-esteem mediates the influence of grades on psychological disengagement. Data for 453secondary school students whose age ranged from 15-19 years (M<sub>age</sub> = 17.20, SD = 1.09; 53.6% females) were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS. Findings show significantly higher discounting than discounting, and no significant differences in discounting and devaluing between the highest and lowest achievers. Academic self-esteem significantly mediated the influence of grades on discounting and devaluing. Practical implications of findings in school contexts are discussed.</p>
METODE TAFSIR ISYĀRIDALAM KITAB “HAQĀ-IQ AL-TAFSĪR” KARYA ABDUL-RAHMAN AL-SULAMI
Authors: Zumrodi Zumrodi 
Published: August 2019

<p>Al-qur’an adalah sumber ajaran dan petunjuk untuk mengatur segala aspek kehidupan manusia. Al-Qur’an berisi hal-hal yang bersifat global. Karena itulah, dibutuhkan suatu penafsiran. Tafsir adalah suatu aktifitas penjelasan ayat-ayat al-Qur’an sesuai kehendak Allah SWT. menurut kadar kemampuan manusia.Oleh karena itu, usaha penafsiran muncul dengan berbagai metode, mulai dari <em>tahlili, ijmāli, muqāran, mauḍ</em><em>ū</em><em>’i </em>sampai<em>hermeneutika.</em></p><p>Kitab tafsir karya al-Sulami ini mempunyai spesifikasi dibanding yang lain. Keunikan tafsir al-Sulami ini terletak, pada semua ayat-ayat yang dipahami melalui isyarat-isyarat. Hal inilah yang mendorong peneliti untuk menelaah kitab tafsir tersebut. Artikel inimngemukakan dua metode penafsiran al-Sulamiyaitu: metode “<em>al-Istidlāl bi al-Syāhid ala al-Gā’ib”</em> dan metode menangkap pesan utama <em>(magza)</em> dari suatu ayat. Metode <em>al-Istidlāl bi al-Syāhid </em><em>‘</em><em>ala al-Gā’ib</em> adalah pengiasan sesuatu yang bersifat kongkrit dengan yang abstrak atau membawa makna dhahir ke makna batin. Sedang yang dimaksud menangkap pesan utama suatu ayat adalah pemaknaan ayat yang tidak secara tekstual akan tetapi dipahami dari kandungan ayat. Untuk mencapai kompetensi <em>al-Istidlāl bi al-Syāhid ‘ala al-Gā’ib</em> dan kompetensi menangkap pesan utama ayat harus ada upaya penjernihan batin, menjahui kesombongan, meninggalkan kebiasaan berdosa, penghayatan dan konsentrasi ketika membaca al-Qur’an, yaitu dengan melalui <em>tadabbur, ta</em><em>Ź</em><em>akkur, tafakkur, tayaqqu</em><em>ẕ</em>dan <em>huḍ</em><em>ū</em><em>r al-Qalb.</em></p>Ketika menafsirkan ayat al-Qur’an, al-Sulami lebih banyak merujuk pada pendapat ahli tasawuf yang terkenal seperti: Ibnu Atha’, Ahmad Sahal al-Tustari, Ja’far al-Shadiq dan Junaid al-Baghdadi. Gagasan asli dari al-Sulami sangat minim. Pendapat tokoh-tokoh sufi ini mempengaruhi al-Sulami dalam hal penyelarasan antara syari’at dan hakikat. Ayat-ayat al-Qur’an yang ditafsirkan secara <em>isyāri</em> mencakup pada berbagai bidang: keimanan, hukum, akhlak, kishah, sosial, dan ayat-ayat<em>kauniyah </em>atau ayat kealaman.
REPLACING SLASH AND BURN PRACTICES WITH SLASH AND COMPOSTING TO REDUCE CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS FROM DEGRADED PEATLAND
Authors: Maftuah Eni , Wakhid Nur 
Published: August 2019

<p>Slash and burn are commonly practiced in opening new field in tropical peatland. This method, if uncontrolled, may cause peat fires and increase CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. Therefore, alternative method of peatland preparation for agriculture is needed. The study aimed to obtain peatland preparation technologies to prevent peat fires and reduce CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. The study was conducted at degraded peatland in Kalampangan, Central Kalimantan from June to October 2017. Split plot design with three replications was used. The main plot was the type of land arrangement, i.e. without and with raised beds. The subplot was the type of land preparation, i.e. slash and burn, slash followed by composting the weeds, slash and make the weeds as mulches, and slash followed by composting the weeds and accompanied by plastic mulch. Soil characteristics, fires vulnerability, and CO<sub>2</sub> emissions were measured before and after land preparation. Results showed that slash and composting reduced CO<sub>2</sub> emission from cultivated peatland. Slash and burn resulted 4.98 t CO<sub>2</sub> ha<sup>-1</sup> emissions per season, which is four times higher than slash followed by composting that produced 1.20 t CO<sub>2</sub> ha<sup>-1</sup> per season. Groundwater level, redox potential (Eh), soil pH, and soil water content affected CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. Groundwater level and water content negatively correlated with CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. The shallow water level and the high water content, the lower is CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. The Eh and soil pH positively correlated with CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. The high positive value of Eh indicates that the soil was in high oxidative conditions, resulting in high CO<sub>2</sub> emissions.</p><p align="center"> </p>
Experimental Investigations of Combined Flow Sediment Transport
Authors: Smith Everett , Daniller-Varghese Max S. , Myrow Paul M. , Mohrig David 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In shallow marine environments gravity-driven currents (e.g., hyperpycnal flows) often traverse surface wave fields, and the resulting complex flows are key mechanisms for offshore sediment transport. Our laboratory experiments illustrate how surface waves alter sediment transport in gravity-driven density currents. The addition of a wave field to a gravity-driven current resulted in a 7–8.5% increase in the downslope transport of the deposit volume. Additionally, oscillatory velocities recorded at downslope locations in surface-wave-altered turbidity currents were larger than wave-field velocities measured at the same location without a turbidity current. These observations indicate that surface waves alter turbidity currents in a longitudinally complex manner whereby the influence of oscillatory currents is transported downslope within the body of the turbidity current. These effects were observed in a conservative case: the maximum orbital velocities of the wave field were an order of magnitude less than the maximum unidirectional velocities of the current. We predict that if the velocities of the wave field and the current were sub-equal, a plausible scenario for hyperpycnal flows in near-shore, deltaic, and proximal shelf environments, these effects would be substantially more effective. This work has significant implications for modeling offshore sediment transport in shallow marine environments and for interpreting the deposits of such flows, most notably that the presence or absence of combined-flow ripples might not indicate whether the current was deposited above or beneath wave base.
The changing landscape of Plasmodium falciparum drug resistance in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Deutsch-Feldman Molly , Aydemir Ozkan , Carrel Margaret , Brazeau Nicholas F. , Bhatt Samir , Bailey Jeffrey A. , Kashamuka Melchior , Tshefu Antoinette K. , Taylor Steve M , Juliano Jonathan J. , Meshnick Steven R. , Verity Robert 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: Drug resistant malaria is a growing concern in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), where previous studies indicate that parasites resistant to sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine or chloroquine are spatially clustered. This study explores longitudinal changes in spatial patterns to understand how resistant malaria may be spreading within the DRC, using samples from nation-wide population-representative surveys. Methods: We selected 552 children with PCR-detectable Plasmodium falciparum infection and identified known variants in the pfdhps and pfcrt genes associated with resistance. We compared the proportion of mutant parasites in 2013 to those previously reported from adults in 2007, and identified risk factors for carrying a resistant allele using multivariate mixed-effects modeling. Finally, we fit a spatial-temporal model to the observed data, providing smooth allele frequency estimates over space and time. Results: The proportion of co-occurring pfdhps K540E/A581G mutations increased by 16% between 2007 and 2013. The spatial-temporal model suggests that the spatial range of the pfdhps double mutants expanded over time, while the prevalence and range of pfcrt mutations remained steady. Conclusions: This study uses population-representative samples to describe the changing landscape of SP resistance within the DRC, and the persistence of chloroquine resistance. Vigilant molecular surveillance is critical for controlling the spread of resistance.
Kidney Outcome in Primary Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) by Using a Predictive Model
Authors: Ossareh Shahrzad , Yahyaei Mansoureh , Asgari Mojgan , Afghahi Hanri 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is one of the important causes of end stage kidney disease (ESKD). We evaluated the risk factors of progression of primary FSGS to chronic kidney disease (CKD) or ESKD with a predictive model including clinical and histological predictors. Methods: 201 patients with primary FSGS (59% male, mean age: 38±15 years), were studied. Time-dependent Cox model and C statistics were used for the predictive model. Interaction and correlation between independent variables were estimated. Results: During 55±27 months of follow-up, 82 patients (41%) developed CKD (46) or ESKD (36) patients. In adjusted model, 1 unit of higher serum creatinine (SCr) at baseline (HR:1.39, 95%CI: 1.15-1.70) and 1% increase in glomeruli with segmental glomerulosclerosis (SGS) (HR: 1.03, 95% CI: 1.02-1.04) or interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy (IF/TA) (HR: 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01-1.05) increased the risk of CKD/ESKD. In adjusted model, higher baseline proteinuria and collapsing variant were not associated with risk of CKD/ESKD. By adding SGS and IF/TA scores to baseline SCr in the model, discrimination by C statistics was 0.83 (95%CI: 0.77-0.90). Median renal survival was 3.1 years (95% CI: 2.2-4.1 years) in patients with highest risks score (baseline eGFR<25 ml/min/1.73 m2+ IF/TA/SGS> 50%), and 8.1 years (95% CI: 7.7-8.6 years).in those with lowest score (baseline eGFR>75 ml/min/1.73 m2+ IF/TA/SGS <5%). Conclusion: In primary FSGS, higher baseline SCr, increased SGS and IF/TA, but not baseline proteinuria and collapsing pathology, were the predictors for CKD/ESKD. These findings indicated the importance of timely detection and referral in prognosis of primary FSGS. Keywords: Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, End stage kidney disease, Pathology
Optimal treatment for Elderly Patients with Resectable Proximal Gastric Carcinoma: A Real World Study Based on National Cancer Database
Authors: Wang Xuefei , Zhao Junjie , Fairweather Mark , Yang Tingsong , Sun Yihong , Wang Jiping 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: High perioperative morbidity, mortality, and uncertain outcome of surgery in octogenarians with proximal gastric carcinoma pose a dilemma for both patients and physicians. We aim to evaluate the risks and survival benefits of different strategies treated in this group.

Methods: Octogenarians (≥80 years) with resectable proximal gastric carcinoma who were recommended for surgery were identified from National Cancer Database during 2004-2013.

Results: Patients age ≥80 years with PGC were less likely to be recommended or eventually undergo surgery compared to younger patients. Patients with surgery had a significantly better survival than those without surgery (5-year OS: 26% vs. 7%, p<0.001). However, additional chemotherapy (HR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.82-1.08, P=0.36) or radiotherapy (HR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.84-1.13, P=0.72) had limited benefits. On multivariate analysis, surgery (HR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.51-0.86, P=0.002) was a significant independent prognostic factor, while extensive surgery had no survival benefit (Combined organ resection: HR: 1.88, 95% CI: 1.22-2.91, P=0.004; number of lymph nodes examined: HR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.97-1.00, P=0.10). Surgery performed at academic and research (AR) medical center had the best survival outcome (5-year OS: 30% in AR vs. 18%-27% in other programs, P<0.001) and lowest risk (30-day mortality: 1.5% in AR vs. 3.6%-6.6% in other programs, P<0.001; 90-day mortality: 6.2% in AR vs. 13.6%-16.4% in other programs, P<0.001) compared to other facilities.

Conclusions: Less-invasive approach performed at academic and research medical center might be the optimal treatment for elderly patients aged ≥80 yrs with resectable PGC.