bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spect perfusion imaging versus CT for predicting radiation injury to normal lung in lung cancer patients
Authors: Weller Alex , Dunlop Alex , Oxer Adam , Gunapala Ranga , Murray Iain , Gray Matthew J , Flux Glenn D , deSouza Nandita M , Ahmed Merina 
Published: July 2019

Objectives:
In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, to establish whether the fractional volumes of irradiated anatomic or perfused lung differed between those with and without deteriorating lung function or radiation associated lung injury (RALI).

Methods:
48 patients undergoing radical radiotherapy for NSCLC had a radiotherapy-planning CT scan and single photon emission CT lung perfusion imaging (99mTc-labelled macroaggregate albumin). CT defined the anatomic and the single photon emission CT scan (co-registered with CT) identified the perfused (threshold 20 % of maximum) lung volumes. Fractional volumes of anatomic and perfused lung receiving more than 5, 10, 13, 20, 30, 40, 50 Gy were compared between patients with deteriorating (&gt;median decline) vs stable (&lt;median decline) forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and between those with and without RALI (assessed by Common Toxic Criteria for Adverse Events) radiation pneumonitis and pulmonary fibrosis scores.

Results:
Fractional volumes of anatomic and perfused lung receiving more than 10, 13 and 20 Gy were significantly higher in patients with deteriorating vs stable FEV1 ( p = 0.005, 0.005 and 0.025 respectively) but did not differ for higher doses of radiation (&gt;30, 40, 50 Gy). Fractional volumes of anatomic and perfused lung receiving &gt; 10 Gy best predicted decline in FEV1 (Area under receiver operating characteristic curve (Az = 0.77 and 0.76 respectively); sensitivity/specificity 75%/81 and 80%/71%) for a 32.7% anatomic and 33.5% perfused volume cut-off. Irradiating an anatomic fractional volume of 4.7% to &gt; 50 Gy had a sensitivity/specificity of 83%/89 % for indicating RALI (Az = 0.83).

Conclusion:
A 10–20 Gy radiation dose to anatomic or perfused lung results in decline in FEV1. A fractional anatomic volume of &gt;5% receiving &gt;50 Gy influences development of RALI.

Advances in knowledge:
Extent of low-dose radiation to normal lung influences functional respiratory decline.
Does fMRI neurofeedback in the context of stress influence mood and arousal? A randomised controlled trial with parallel group design
Authors: Belardi Angelo , Lee Jong-Hwan , Kim Hyun-Chul , Stalujanis Esther , Jung Eun Kyung , Oh Minkyung , Yoo Seung-Schik , Pruessner Jens C. , Tegethoff Marion , Meinlschmidt Gunther 
Published: July 2019

Background: Stress-related mental and physical health issues burden modern societies. New treatment opportunities could help to lessen long-term detrimental consequences of stress. Objective: To investigate whether real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging neurofeedback (rtfMRInf), aimed at modulating brain activity associated with a stressor, affects subjective mood and arousal. Methods: In total, 30 males participated in a randomised controlled trial with parallel-group design. rtfMRInf was the intervention, sham-neurofeedback the control condition, and the Stroop task the stressor. We instructed participants to modulate their stress response to the Stroop task via feedback from their anterior cingulate cortex and their insular cortex, concomitantly applying mental strategies. We assessed mood with the Multidimensional Mood State Questionnaire (dimensions: good/bad, GB; awake/tired, AT; and calm/nervous, CN), and subjective arousal with Self-Assessment Manikins (SAM). Results: We found significantly higher subjective arousal after neurofeedback phases in the experimental condition as compared to the control condition [t(26.6) = −2.216, 95%CI [−2.188,−0.083], p = 0.035; t(27.9) = −3.252, 95%CI [−2.685,−0.609], p = 0.003], but no significant differences between the conditions regarding mood [GB: b = 0.4, 95%CI [−0.67, 1.47], p = 0.467; AT: b = 0.769, 95%CI [−0.319, 1.857], p = 0.177; CN: b = 0.5, 95%CI [−0.53, 1.53], p = 0.352]. In both conditions, there was significantly worse and more tired mood after the fMRI session as compared to before [GB:b = −0.77, 95% CI [−1.31, 0.23], p = 0.009; AT: b = −0.652, 95%CI [−1.116,−0.187], p = 0.01]. Conclusions: Findings indicate that rtfMRInf led to higher arousal, which may counteract the aim to reduce stress responses. Whether the multitasking situation has triggered this neurofeedback-related arousal – and how to circumvent it – asks for further study. Trial registration: NCT01921088, ClinicalTrials.gov, 13th August 2013.
PENERAPAN ANALISIS SENTIMEN PADA PENGGUNA TWITTER MENGGUNAKAN METODE K-NEAREST NEIGHBOR
Authors: Deviyanto Akhmad , Wahyudi Muhammad Didik Rohmad 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis research is made to implement the KNN (K-Nearest Neighbor) algorithm for sentiment analysis Twitter about Jakarta Governor Election 2017. The object is 2000 data tweets in Indonesia collected from Twitter during Januari 2017 using Python package called Twitterscraper. The methode used in sentiment analysis system is KNN with TF-IDF term weighting and Cosine similarity measure. As the test result, the highest accuracy is 67,2% when k=5, the highest precision is 56,94% with k=5, and the highest recall 78,24% with k=15.Keywords : K – Nearest Neighbor, Twitterscraper, TF-IDF, Cosine Similarity Penelitian ini dibuat untuk mengimplementasikan algoritma KNN (K - Nearest Neighbor) dalam analisis sentimen pengguna Twitter tentang topik Pilkada DKI 2017. Data tweet yang digunakan adalah sebanyak 2000 data tweet berbahasa Indonesia yang dikumpulkan selama bulan Januari 2017 menggunakan package Python bernama Twitterscraper. Menggunakan algoritma KNN dengan pembobotan kata TF-IDF dan fungsi Cosine Similarity, akan dilakukan pengklasifikasian nilai sentimen ke dalam dua kelas : positif dan negatif. Dari hasil pengujian diketahui bahwa nilai akurasi terbesar adalah 67,2% ketika k=5, presisi tertinggi 56,94% ketika k=5, dan recall 78,24% dengan k=15.Kata Kunci : K – Nearest Neighbor, Twitterscraper, TF-IDF, Cosine Similarity
Efficacy of copy-number variation sequencing technology in prenatal diagnosis
Authors: Zhao Xiaoxi , Fu Lin 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
Classical karyotyping and copy-number variation sequencing (CNV-seq) are useful methods for the prenatal detection of chromosomal abnormalities. Here, we examined the potential of using a combination of the two methods for improved and accurate diagnosis.

Methods
From February 2013 to January 2018, 64 pregnant women showing indications for fetal chromosomal examination in the affiliated hospital of the Inner Mongolia Medical University were selected for this study. Amniotic fluid was collected and used for karyotype analysis and CNV-seq.

Results
Karyotype analysis of the 64 cases showed that six cases (9.38%) had chromosomal abnormalities. Using CNV-seq, in addition to three cases with numerical abnormalities of chromosomes, 14 cases were detected with CNV, of which five were pathogenic CNV, four were of uncertain clinical significance and five were polymorphic CNV. However, CNV-seq failed to detect one case with sex chromosome mosaicism and a balanced translocation carrier. The rate of abnormal chromosome and CNV detection was 26.56% (17/64) by CNV-seq.

Conclusion
Application of CNV-seq in prenatal diagnosis could allow the detection of submicroscopic chromosomal abnormalities and effectively reduce the birth of children with microdeletion and microduplication syndrome. Additionally, the combined application of karyotype analysis and CNV-seq can effectively improve the detection rate of chromosome abnormalities.
Porous Ag/TiO2-Schottky-diode based plasmonic hot-electron photodetector with high detectivity and fast response
Authors: Gao Xu Dong , Fei Guang Tao , Xu Shao Hui , Zhong Bin Nian , Ouyang Hao Miao , Li Xin Hua , Zhang Li De 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Due to the advantages of narrow energy distribution of plasmonic hot-electrons in Ag and the high density of states in the TiO2 conduction band, an Ag/TiO2 composite is considered to be an ideal combination to construct a plasmonic hot-electron photodetector with high detectivity and a high response speed. In this work, we fabricate a porous Ag/TiO2-Schottky-diode based plasmonic hot-electron photodetector. This detector shows a high detectivity of 9.8 × 1010 cmHz1/2/W and a fast response speed, with a rise and fall time of 112 μs and 24 μs, respectively, under 450 nm light illumination at zero bias voltage. In addition, the height of the Ag/TiO2 Schottky barrier can be decreased by removing the chemisorbed oxygen from the surface of TiO2 with ultraviolet light illumination, and as a result, the responsivity of the Ag/TiO2 plasmonic hot-electron photodetector at 450 nm can increase from 3.4 mA/W to 7.4 mA/W.
Correlation between fiber orientation distribution and mechanical anisotropy in glass-fiber-reinforced composite materials
Authors: Hamanaka Senji , Nonomura Chisato , Thi Thanh Binh Nguyen , Yokoyama Atsushi 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This study investigates the correlation between the fiber orientation distribution along the thickness and mechanical anisotropy in injection-molded products using a thermoplastic resin reinforced by short fibers. To this end, polyamide-6 samples containing 15, 30, 50, and 65 wt% of short fiberglass were compounded, and flat plates with side gates were injection-molded. The fiber orientation distribution near the center of the plates was observed via X-ray computed tomography and that along the thickness was quantified via a fiber orientation tensor. Coupon test pieces were cut from the plates along the machine and transverse directions, and a three-point bending test was performed. Mechanical anisotropy was evaluated from the ratio of the flexural modulus in each direction. Evaluation results of the fiber orientation distribution and mechanical anisotropy were compared. As a result of the above investigation, a clear correlation was found between the fiber orientation distribution and mechanical anisotropy when the glass fiber content was 15–50 wt%. In the anisotropic expression under the condition of high glass fiber content (65 wt%), contributions of parameters other than the fiber orientation distribution became evident.
A novel individualized drug repositioning approach for predicting personalized candidate drugs for type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Zheng Hong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe existence of high cost-consuming and high rate of drug failures suggests the promotion of drug repositioning in drug discovery. Existing drug repositioning techniques mainly focus on discovering candidate drugs for a kind of disease, and are not suitable for predicting candidate drugs for an individual sample. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a disorder of glucose homeostasis caused by autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic β-cell. Here, we present a novel single sample drug repositioning approach for predicting personalized candidate drugs for T1DM. Our method is based on the observation of drug-disease associations by measuring the similarities of individualized pathway aberrance induced by disease and various drugs using a Kolmogorov-Smirnov weighted Enrichment Score algorithm. Using this method, we predicted several underlying candidate drugs for T1DM. Some of them have been reported for the treatment of diabetes mellitus, and some with a current indication to treat other diseases might be repurposed to treat T1DM. This study conducts drug discovery via detecting the functional connections among disease and drug action, on a personalized or customized basis. Our framework provides a rational way for systematic personalized drug discovery of complex diseases and contributes to the future application of custom therapeutic decisions.
Investigation of alanine, propionylcarnitine (C3) and 3-hydroxyisovalerylcarnitine (C5-OH) levels in patients with partial biotinidase deficiency
Authors: Kazanasmaz Halil , Karaca Meryem 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
Biotinidase deficiency is a treatable metabolic disease that can be seen with various neurological and dermatological complications. Biomarkers such as alanine, propionylcarnitine (C3) and 3-hydroxyisovalerylcarnitine (C5-OH), which are used to diagnose biotinidase deficiency, are also present.

Materials and methods
In cases with partial biotinidase deficiency and normal biotinidase activity, alanine, C3 and C5-OH levels were compared in the field by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Results
There was no significant difference between subjects with partial biotinidase deficiency and those with normal biotinidase activity between C3 and C5-OH levels. The mean alanine levels in heel blood and plasma were significantly higher than those with normal biotinidase activity in patients with partial biotinidase deficiency.

Conclusion
In cases with partial biotinidase deficiency, the heel blood alanine level that can be detected in the neonatal screening program may be a leading marker in diagnosis.
Central venous catheter-associated thrombosis in children with congenital hyperinsulinism
Authors: Yau Daphne , Salomon-Estebanez Maria , Chinoy Amish , Grainger John , Craigie Ross J , Padidela Raja , Skae Mars , Dunne Mark J , Murray Philip G , Banerjee Indraneel 
Published: July 2019

Summary
Congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) is an important cause of severe hypoglycaemia in infancy. To correct hypoglycaemia, high concentrations of dextrose are often required through a central venous catheter (CVC) with consequent risk of thrombosis. We describe a series of six cases of CHI due to varying aetiologies from our centre requiring CVC for the management of hypoglycaemia, who developed thrombosis in association with CVC. We subsequently analysed the incidence and risk factors for CVC-associated thrombosis, as well as the outcomes of enoxaparin prophylaxis. The six cases occurred over a 3-year period; we identified an additional 27 patients with CHI who required CVC insertion during this period (n = 33 total), and a separate cohort of patients with CHI and CVC who received enoxaparin prophylaxis (n = 7). The incidence of CVC-associated thrombosis was 18% (6/33) over the 3 years, a rate of 4.2 thromboses/1000 CVC days. There was no difference in the frequency of genetic mutations or focal CHI in those that developed thromboses. However, compound heterozygous/homozygous potassium ATP channel mutations correlated with thrombosis (R2 = 0.40, P = 0.001). No difference was observed in CVC duration, high concentration dextrose or glucagon infused through the CVC. In patients receiving enoxaparin prophylaxis, none developed thrombosis or bleeding complications. The characteristics of these patients did not differ significantly from those with thrombosis not on prophylaxis. We therefore conclude that CVC-associated thrombosis can occur in a significant proportion (18%) of patients with CHI, particularly in severe CHI, for which anticoagulant prophylaxis may be indicated.

Learning points:

CVC insertion is one of the most significant risk factors for thrombosis in the paediatric population.

Risk factors for CVC-associated thrombosis include increased duration of CVC placement, malpositioning and infusion of blood products.

To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate CVC-associated thrombosis in patients with congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI).

The incidence of CVC-associated thrombosis development is significant (18%) in CHI patients and higher compared to other neonates with CVC. CHI severity may be a risk factor for thrombosis development.

Although effective prophylaxis for CVC-associated thrombosis in infancy is yet to be established, our preliminary experience suggests the safety and efficacy of enoxoaparin prophylaxis in this population and requires on-going evaluation.
RNA-Sequencing Analysis of Paternal Low-Protein Diet-Induced Gene Expression Change in Mouse Offspring Adipocytes
Authors: Ly Nhung Hong , Maekawa Toshio , Yoshida Keisuke , Liu Yang , Muratani Masafumi , Ishii Shunsuke 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that parental diet affects the metabolism and health of offspring. It is reported that paternal low-protein diet (pLPD) induces glucose intolerance and the expression of genes involved in cholesterol biosynthesis in mouse offspring liver. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of a pLPD on gene expression in offspring white adipose tissue (WAT), another important tissue for the regulation of metabolism. RNA-seq analysis indicated that pLPD up- and down-regulated 54 and 274 genes, respectively, in offspring WAT. The mRNA expression of many genes involved in lipogenesis was down-regulated by pLPD feeding, which may contribute to metabolic disorder. The expression of carbohydrate response element-binding protein β (ChREBP-β), an important lipogenic transcription factor, was also significantly lower in the WAT of pLPD offspring, which may have mediated the down-regulation of the lipogenic genes. By contrast, the LPD did not affect the expression of lipogenic genes in the WAT of the male progenitor, but increased the expression of lipid oxidation genes, suggesting that a LPD may reduce lipogenesis using different mechanisms in parents and offspring. These findings add to our understanding of how paternal diet can regulate metabolism in their offspring.
Analytical procedures in volatile business entities audit context
Authors: Pečiūrienė Aleksandra 
Published: July 2019

Evolution of the Lithuanian auditing system recently has been influenced by the European Union picked and chosen process of auditing internationalization. Today among effective ISA there are standards that outline application of analytical procedures in audit. The increasingly important role is assigned to analytical procedures in the audit of business entities operative under the market economy conditions. The objective of the article is to explore the substance and application of analytical procedures in audit. The contribution of this study is polysemantic.
The definition of analytical procedures conception in the ISA, SAS and NAS (National Auditing Standards) has been surveyed. The conclusion is drawn that certain mismatches in the definition of analytical procedures conception in the Lithuanian language weren’t avoided neither in the NAS, nor in the ISA, which have been recently in force in Lithuania.
Exploring the application of analytical procedures in the auditing process, such aspects as selection of analytical procedures method and form as well as process sequence should be emphasized. Analytical procedures might serve as “attention directing” or “substantive” procedures. Following the ISA provisions auditors are required to perform analytical procedures in the stages of audit planning and forming of overall conclusion. Performing of analytical procedures at the audit testing stage is requested, but not required. Considering that, timing and purposes of analytical procedures are generalized.
Analysis of application of analytical procedures as sufficiently significant and effective audit instrument in audit practice is performed. It became as such because in modern audit more and more attention is paid to design and evaluation of accurateness of the auditor’s expectations. Namely the accurateness of expectations should be considered as the measure of analytical procedures effectiveness. The role of analytical procedures in evaluation of a client going concern is emphasized.
Dynamics of the number of Lithuanian auditors and audit firms as well as revenue from audit for the period of 2003-2012 years allow anticipating more comprehensive appliance of analytical procedures in audit practice. Consequently, it is expedient to follow the applied researches conducted by foreign specialists in the field of analytical procedure performance in audit on purpose to ascertain the role of analytical procedures as audit efficiency and quality ensure instrument in the Lithuanian audit praxis.
The research of professional ethics of tax auditor seeking the trust in tax
Authors: Giriūnienė Gintarė 
Published: July 2019

In today's economy, the subject of taxation, in particular, precise calculation and evaluation of taxes is becoming more and more relevant. There is a practice, where tax auditors performing audits of the business entity often do not even know whether it is ethical to allow the business entity, i.e. taxpayer, to correct some of the errors appearing in the tax records, and not to punish the business by fines and interests, as is prescribed by the Law of Tax Administration of the Republic of Lithuania. It should be noted that there was a similar problem several decades ago among accountants and this led to the emergence of professional codes of ethics of accountants. The discussions of the behaviour of the tax auditor, auditing one or another company, in the context of professional ethics, what fundamental values and principles should he be guided by in order to maintain good quality of work, following the relevant moral norms, enables the argument that the topic of tax auditor's assessment in the context of professional ethics has not been analysed thoroughly enough, therefore the identification of tax auditor's ethical norms, values, principles and, most importantly, assessment is extremely important for the purpose of making the individual tax auditor’s , as well as all the tax system’s performance more efficient. Even for a very knowledgeable in his field tax auditor it is no easy to tell what kind of personal traits suggest that certain behaviour is ethical, consequently the article analyses the main values and principles of professional ethics, that should serve as guidelines not only for tax auditors, but also for any other person, seeking higher results in his profession. Therefore the objective of the research is to conduct a research on tax auditors’ professional ethics.
The code of ethics plays a special role in the evaluation of professional ethics; it defines the core values and principles for ethical behaviour. A tax auditor, seeking professional growth through quality performance, taking into account the moral obligations, should not only comply with the fundamental values, such as honesty, objectivity, impartiality, confidentiality and sense of duty, but also provide a decent example for the audited company’s employees to demonstrate the integrity of the entire tax system and thus create confidence in the Lithuanian tax system. The results of a questionnaire survey showed that the tax auditor's professional ethics are directly connected with the taxpayer's trust in the Lithuanian tax system. Therefore, the existing practice of different taxpayers committing identical offences and being treated differently undermines the confidence not only in tax auditors and their professional ethics, but also in the tax system of the country as a whole. The questionnaire survey results suggest that, according to the taxpayers, it is essential for the tax auditor to follow such principles at work as impartiality, confidentiality and thoroughness. All of the above should be included in the tax auditor's code of ethics.