bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of culture in entrepreneurs’ opportunity exploitation decision in Tanzania
Authors: Liu Jia , Pacho Frida Thomas , Xuhui Wang 
Published: November 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to empirically explore the impact of culture (using individualism, power distance and uncertainty avoidance) on entrepreneurial risk taking behavior which leads to the opportunity exploitation decision. Moreover, it also uses risk taking behavior of entrepreneurial as the mediation variable between culture and opportunity exploitations decisions.Design/methodology/approachThe study took place in Tanzania, which is allocated in East Africa and is one of under researched countries. In total, 140 entrepreneurs who own venture of 5-99 employees were able to be interviewed using a survey questionnaire. In this study, structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine the direct and indirect relationship of culture in entrepreneurial opportunity exploitation decisions.FindingsAfter hypothesis testing, the empirical results showed that Tanzania’s culture has an impact on entrepreneurial risk taking behavior, which influences entrepreneurial opportunity exploitation decision. It also showed culture through individualism and uncertainty avoidance measurements affect entrepreneurial opportunity exploitation decisions. The empirical results on power distance were insignificant.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is a wake-up call to policy makers and formal institutions such as government authorities, education institutions and religion institutions. Thus, culture has an ability to influence the behavior of entrepreneurs and so the performance of ventures if it is consistent and well structured. Therefore it should be not taken for granted. Data for our study are based on only two cities and therefore the results should not be generalized as the whole country’s inference. Generalizability is questioned because the data are from only two cities in Tanzania and therefore future research should include more cities to be able to validate the generalizability.Practical implicationsThis study is a wake-up call to policymakers and formal institutions such as government authorities, education institutions and religion institutions. Thus culture has an ability to influence the behavior of entrepreneurs and so the performance of ventures if it is consistent and well structured. Therefore it should be not taken for granted. Data for our study are based on only two cities and therefore the results should not be generalized as the whole country’s inference.Social implicationsIn the country which has well-structured culture, influence the behavior of entrepreneurs to exploit opportunities.Originality/valueThis is the first empirical study to use SEM for exploring the culture of individualism, power distance and uncertainty avoidance impact on entrepreneurial opportunity exploitation in Tanzania.
Factors influencing organizational information systems implementation in Thai public universities
Authors: Watchaton Ananchanok , Krairit Donyaprueth 
Published: November 2018

Purpose
This study aims to understand how public sector organizations can successfully implement organizational information systems (IS). It identifies the factors that contribute to the success of organizational IS implementation in public universities.

Design/methodology/approach
Both qualitative and quantitative research methods are used. The proposed research model is based on previous studies and primary qualitative research, including in-depth interviews, telephone surveys and mail surveys using semi-structured questionnaires to identify the determinants and measures of implementation success. Based on the first mail survey’s results, quantitative research is conducted to test the research hypotheses. The data are gathered from university personnel at 40 public universities, and the study focuses on the implementation of student registration systems.

Findings
The results suggest that successful implementation of organizational IS includes the decisions of both those in authority and users. The external and internal organization and individual user factors have direct relationships with the measure of implementation success, which suggests significant differences between authorities and users.

Research limitations
The analysis is based on the viewpoint of public university personnel; however, the findings suggest the need for further research on other public organizational IS as well as other public service operations.

Practical implication
The study clearly suggests a set of factors to guide public universities in successfully implementing organizational IS for local conditions of a developing country.

Originality/value
The study contributes to the understanding of effective IS implementation in public universities in a developing country.
The effect of intrinsic and extrinsic factors on entrepreneurial intentions
Authors: Arshad Muhammad , Farooq Omer , Farooq Mariam 
Published: November 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate how and when intrinsic (personal growth, affiliation, community contribution, health) and extrinsic (financial success, fame, physical appearance) goals affect individuals’ entrepreneurial intentions (EIs). The study uses goal contents theory to propose that intrinsic and extrinsic goals positively influence individuals’ EIs. The authors further argue that the collectivism moderates the effect of intrinsic and extrinsic goals on individuals EIs.Design/methodology/approachA survey was designed to collect data from business graduates at a university in Pakistan. The measurement model and the hypothesized model were tested using the structural equation modeling technique in MPlus 7.0.FindingsThe results suggest that all four intrinsic goals and three extrinsic goals positively affect individuals’ EIs. However, financial success and fame appear to be the most prominent determinants of EIs. Similarly, personal growth and contribution to community are strong predictors of individuals’ EIs. Conversely, health, physical appearance and affiliation motives were found to have a weaker effect on individuals’ EIs. Moreover, the results show that collectivist orientation negatively moderates the effect of intrinsic goals on individuals’ EIs, but positively moderates the effect of extrinsic goals. These results suggest that the EIs of individuals with high collectivist orientation are mainly induced by extrinsic goals, whereas intrinsic factors play a greater role in stimulating the EIs of individuals with low collectivism.Originality/valueExtant research has paid little attention to intrinsic and extrinsic goals as determinants of individuals’ EIs. Thus, this study explores how and when intrinsic and extrinsic goals develop individuals’ EIs. This study is the first of its kind to highlight the importance of individuals’ cultural orientation (collectivism) to determine the alternative role of intrinsic and extrinsic goals in developing individuals’ EIs. In addition, this study was conducted in a different cultural setting (i.e. South Asia), which provides an opportunity to expand the boundary conditions of the phenomenon by offering an alternative perspective on this issue.
The moderating role of knowledge structure in the open innovation effect
Authors: Zhou Huiping , Yuan Wang Karen , Yao Yanhong , Huang Kai-Ping 
Published: November 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between open innovation (OI) and innovative performance, and to explore the moderating effect of knowledge structure, including component knowledge and architectural knowledge, on this particular relationship.Design/methodology/approachThe proposed model was tested with regression analysis of data collected through a questionnaire survey of 231 employees of Chinese manufacturing firms.FindingsThe findings indicate that inbound OI is positively related to innovative performance and that outbound OI has an inverted U-shaped effect on innovative performance. By presenting empirical evidence of the moderating effects of component and architectural knowledge, our analysis of results demonstrates that the strong alignment between knowledge structure and OI results in superior innovative performance.Originality/valueThis study addresses the controversial issues brought up by previous studies with findings of an inverted U-shaped effect of outbound OI on innovative performance. By exploring the moderating effect of knowledge structure, the authors provide insights into how internal contextual factors in relation to organizational knowledge can affect the efficacy of the inbound and outbound OI on innovative performance.
Discourse macrolinguistic impairment as a marker of linguistic and extralinguistic functions decline in early Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Pistono Aurélie , Jucla M. , Bézy C. , Lemesle B. , Le Men J. , Pariente J. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundAlzheimer's disease is characterized by macrolinguistic changes. This decline is often analyzed with quantitative scales.AimsTo analyze discourse production in early Alzheimer's disease (AD) and to identify qualitative markers of macrolinguistic decline.Methods & ProceduresWe analyzed macrolinguistic features of a clinical narrative task along with patients’ cognitive changes. To do so, 17 early AD participants and 17 healthy controls were recruited and given a full neuropsychological and language assessment. Narrative discourses produced during the language assessment were transcribed and macrolinguistic features were qualitatively analyzed (i.e., local and global coherence marks and discourse informativeness). Inter‐group comparison was complemented by intra‐group correlation. As some inter‐group comparisons revealed the existence of subgroups of patients, permutation tests were used to investigate how these subgroups differed vis‐à‐vis cognitive measures.Outcomes & ResultsOverall, the results indicate that AD participants presented declines in informativeness and global coherence, correlated with declines in memory and executive functions. Permutation tests showed that participants with AD producing referential errors or misinterpretations had a deeper lexical–executive decline and a lower Mini‐Mental State Evaluation (MMSE).Conclusions & ImplicationsThis study shows that two clinically relevant, qualitative signs differ in discourse production between typical ageing and early AD, namely information units and modalizing discourse. It also shows that macrolinguistic assessment is a useful tool for revealing impaired communication and cognition in early AD. Although lexical processing decline probably contributes to patients’ macrolinguistic impairment, implications of extralinguistic functioning should be further investigated.
Not Just Another Duster: Banking, Oil, Agriculture, and the Lessons Learned from the Dust Bowl on the Southern Great Plains, 1926–1938
Authors: DAY MATTHEW 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis article uses the experiences of agriculture, oil, and banking on America's Southern Great Plains during the mid‐1920s and early 1930s to create an economic context surrounding the Dust Bowl in the mid‐ to late 1930s.
Meta‐Analysis for Correlating Structure of Bioactive Peptides in Foods of Animal Origin with Regard to Effect and Stability
Authors: Maestri Elena , Pavlicevic Milica , Montorsi Michela , Marmiroli Nelson 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAmino acid (AA) sequences of 807 bioactive peptides from foods of animal origin were examined in order to correlate peptide structure with activity (antihypertensive, antioxidative, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, hypolipidemic, antithrombotic, and opioid) and stability in vivo. Food sources, such as milk, meat, eggs, and marine products, show different frequencies of bioactive peptides exhibiting specific effects. There is a correlation of peptide structure and effect, depending on type and position of AA. Opioid peptides contain a high percentage of aromatic AA residues, while antimicrobial peptides show an excess of positively charged AAs. AA residue position is significant, with those in the first and penultimate positions having the biggest effects on peptide activity. Peptides that have activity in vivo contain a high percentage (67%) of proline residues, but the positions of proline in the sequence depend on the length of the peptide. We also discuss the influence of processing on activity of these peptides, as well as methods for predicting release from the source protein and activity of peptides.
The winner takes it all, the loser has to fall: Provoking the agency perspective in employability research
Authors: Forrier Anneleen , De Cuyper Nele , Akkermans Jos 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn this paper, we provoke the strong focus on personal agency in employability research. We counter three dominant assumptions in the literature, namely, (a) that employability is an individual asset, (b) that employability is owned by the individual, and (c) that employability leads to positive outcomes. A key observation is that the three dominant theories that are being used in employability studies, namely, human capital theory, conservation of resources theory, and social exchange theory, also question these core agency assumptions that form the basis of those studies. Based on these theories, we identify three blind spots in employability research: Employability is (a) contextual, (b) relational, and (3) polarising. Taken together, we make the case that the agency perspective overlooks a potential dark side of employability: The winner takes it all, the loser has to fall. We outline a future research agenda on this potential dark side of employability.
Minimally Invasive Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation: A Comparative Study
Authors: Mohite Prashant N. , Sabashnikov Anton , Raj Binu , Hards Rachel , Edwards Gemma , García‐Sáez Diana , Zych Bartlomiej , Husain Mubassher , Jothidasan Anand , Fatullayev Javid , Zeriouh Mohamed , Weymann Alexander , Popov Aron‐Frederik , De Robertis Fabio , Simon André R. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractLeft ventricular assist device (LVAD) is now a routine therapy for advanced heart failure. Minimally invasive approach via thoracotomy for LVAD implantation is getting popular due to its potential advantage over the conventional sternotomy approach in terms of reduced risk at re‐operation due to sternal sparing. We compared the approaches (thoracotomy and sternotomy) to determine the superiority. Minimally invasive approach involved fitting of the LVAD inflow cannula into left ventricle apex via left anterior thoracotomy and anastomosis of outflow graft to ascending aorta via right anterior thoracotomy. In the sternotomy approach, both the procedures were performed via sternotomy. Outcomes in patients after LVAD implantation were compared depending on these approaches for the surgery. Two hundred and five continuous flow LVAD implantations performed between July 2006 and June 2015 at a single center were divided based on surgical approach, that is, sternotomy (n = 180) and thoracotomy (n = 25) groups. There was no significant difference between the groups in relation to patient demographics, preoperative hemodynamic parameters, laboratory markers, or risk factors. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of postoperative hemodynamic parameters, laboratory markers, bleeding and requirement of blood products, intensive care unit, and hospital stay or complications of LVAD surgery. There were no significant differences in terms of long‐term survival (Log‐Rank P = 0.953), however, thoracotomy, compared to sternotomy approach, incurred significantly less requirement of temporary right ventricular assist (4 vs. 19.4%, P = 0.041). Minimally invasive bilateral thoracotomy approach for LVAD implantation in addition to benefits of sternal sparing avoids dilatation of right ventricle and reduces chances of right ventricular failure requiring temporary right ventricular assist.
A Nietzschean re‐evaluation of values as a way of re‐imagining business ethics
Authors: Tajalli Payman , Segal Steven 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWhereas a range of business and management scholars have argued that business is in an ethical crisis, Nietzsche makes it possible to see that it is ethics itself that is in crisis, and that only as the crisis in ethics is dealt with can ethics in specific areas such as business be addressed. Nihilism is the name that Nietzsche gives to the crisis in ethics. The failure to fully appreciate nihilism and its pervasiveness as the root cause of the problem, as evident in the perpetual quest to obliterate nihilism through the creation of ethical frameworks and foundations, has plunged business and ethics scholarship in the field, ever deeper in the quagmire of nihilism. In response to nihilism, Nietzsche offers a re‐evaluation of all values. To re‐evaluate all values means to accept nihilism and see it as a basis for questioning taken for granted assumptions that have supported the notion of ethics or values in order to re‐imagine an ethics which is responsive to the crisis of nihilism. The paper thus proposes that rather than trying to invent new ethics or ethical foundations, or figuring out “how” to be ethical, we need to turn our attention on the “why to be” of ethics.
Effects of an intervention program for reducing severe perineal trauma during the second stage of labor
Authors: Sveinsdottir Edda , Gottfredsdottir Helga , Vernhardsdottir Anna S. , Tryggvadottir Gudny B. , Geirsson Reynir T. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundObstetric anal sphincter injuries lead frequently to short‐ and long‐term consequences for the mother, including perineal pain, genital prolapse, and sexual problems. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether the implementation of an intervention program in the second stage of labor involving altered perineal support techniques reduced severe perineal trauma.MethodsAll women reaching the second stage of labor and giving birth vaginally to singleton babies at Landspítali University Hospital (comprising 76% of births in Iceland in 2013) were enrolled in a cohort study. Data were recorded retrospectively for 2008‐2010 and prospectively in 2012‐2014, for a total of 16 336 births. During 2011, an intervention program was implemented, involving all midwives and obstetricians working in the labor wards. Two professionals assessed and agreed on classification of every perineal tear.ResultsThe prevalence of obstetric anal sphincter injuries decreased from 5.9% to 3.7% after the implementation (P < 0.001). Third‐degree tears decreased by 40%, and fourth‐degree tears decreased by 56% (P < 0.001). The prevalence of first‐degree tears increased from 25.8% to 33.1%, whereas second‐degree tears decreased from 44.7% to 36.6% between the before and after study periods. Severe perineal trauma was linked to birthweight, and this did not change despite the new intervention.ConclusionsActive intervention to reduce perineal trauma was associated with an overall significant decrease in obstetric anal sphincter injuries. Good perineal visualization, manual perineal support, and controlled delivery of the fetal head were essential components for reducing perineal trauma.
AP2a enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells by inhibiting the formation of YAP/RUNX2 complex and BARX1 transcription
Authors: Lin Xiao , Yang Haoqing , Wang Lijun , Li Wenzhi , Diao Shu , Du Juan , Wang Songlin , Dong Rui , Li Jun , Fan Zhipeng 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectivesBone regeneration by bone tissue engineering is a therapeutic option for bone defects. Improving the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is essential for successful bone regeneration. We previously showed that AP2a enhances the osteogenic differentiation in MSCs. The present study investigated the mechanism of how AP2a regulates the direct differentiation.Materials and methodsCo‐immunoprecipitation and ChIP assays were carried out to investigate the underlying mechanism in MSCs differentiation. The osteogenic differentiation potential was determined by mineralization ability and the expression of osteogenic marker in vitro and the in vivo bone‐like tissue generation in nude mice.ResultsWe show that AP2a can compete with RUNX2, a key transcription factor in osteogenic differentiation, to recruit YAP and release the inhibition of RUNX2 activity from YAP by forming YAP‐AP2a protein complex. YAP‐AP2a protein complex also interacts with the BARX1 promoter through AP2a, inhibit the transcription of BARX1. Moreover, BARX1 inhibits osteogenic differentiation of MSCs.ConclusionsOur discoveries revealed that AP2a may regulate the osteogenic differentiation in an indirect way through competing with RUNX2 to relieve the RUNX2 activity which inhibited by YAP, and also in a direct way via targeting the BARX1 and directly repressed its transcription. Thus, our discoveries shed new light on the mechanism of direct differentiation of MSCs and provide candidate targets for improving the osteogenic differentiation and enhancing bone tissue regeneration.
Endobronchial ultrasound‐guided transbronchial needle aspiration cytology in patients with known or suspected extra‐pulmonary malignancies: A cytopathology‐based study
Authors: Nambirajan Aruna , Longchar Moanaro , Madan Karan , Mallick Saumya Ranjan , Kakkar Aanchal , Mathur Sandeep , Jain Deepali 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundEndobronchial ultrasound‐guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS‐TBNA) is the primary modality for mediastinal lymph node staging in lung carcinoma. We aimed to evaluate its utility in extra‐pulmonary malignancies (EPM).MethodsDatabase search of EBUS‐TBNA aspirations (2013‐2017) done in patients with known/suspected EPMs and mediastinal lymphadenopathy/masses was performed. All archived cytology/histology material was reviewed and categorised as positive, negative and unsatisfactory.ResultsThe selected 139 patients included 100 patients with known EPMs, 11 patients with known lymphoma, and 28 patients with suspected EPM of unknown primary. EBUS‐TBNA was adequate in 110 patients (79%), including 21 patients who yielded only reactive lymphoid tissue. Satisfactory blood clot cores were obtained in 34 patients and contributed significantly to diagnosis and ancillary testing. Metastasis was detected in 45 patients with known EPM, predominantly originating from a known primary in the breast in females (56%) and squamous cell carcinomas of head and neck in males (60%). Granulomatous lymphadenopathy was identified in 16 patients with known EPM (16%). Lymphoma relapse and granulomatous lymphadenopathy were identified in three and four patients with known lymphoma, respectively. In patients with suspected EPM of unknown primary site, malignancy was confirmed in 21 patients, predominantly representing metastatic adenocarcinomas (n = 5) and neuroendocrine neoplasms (n = 5). Immunocytochemistry was performed in 16 of these cases and aided in characterisation of primary site/type of tumour in 12 cases.ConclusionEBUS‐TBNA is efficient for screening mediastinal lymph nodes/masses for malignancy in EPMs. Procuring sufficient material for ancillary testing would improve diagnostic accuracy and reduce need for resampling.