bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound for symptomatic uterine fibroids: clinical outcome of two European centers
Authors: Dohmen Sara , Recker Florian , Ivanova Yoana , Strunk Holger M. , Tonguc Tolga , Ramig Olga , Thudium Marcus , Stader Judith M. , Conrad Rupert , Essler Markus , Egger Eva-Katharina , Mustea Alexander , Gortchev Grigor A. , Dimitrov Dobromir , Marinova Milka 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this study is to assess the clinical outcome and mid-term efficacy of ultrasound-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (USgHIFU) as a treatment for symptomatic uterine fibroids at two major European HIFU centers.

Materials and methods
This bi-center longitudinal clinical study involved the treatment of 100 patients with symptomatic uterine fibroids using USgHIFU (n = 59 in Germany, n = 41 in Bulgaria). Clinical outcomes were evaluated at 6 weeks, 6 months, and 1 year follow-up utilizing the uterine fibroid symptoms-quality of life questionnaire for fibroid-related symptoms and health-related quality of life as well as MRI imaging for determining the fibroid volume.

Results
The mean fibroid volume reduction rate was 33.2 ± 22.9%, 51.3 ± 24.2%, and 59.1 ± 28.0% at 6 weeks, 6 months, and 1 year, respectively (each p < 0.001). The mean symptom severity score decreased from 43.9 ± 18.8 at baseline to 35.4 ± 18.2 at 6 weeks, 31.1 ± 20.0 at 6 months, and 23.1 ± 14.0 at 1 year (each p < 0.001). The mean QOL score improved from 56.5 ± 23.4 at baseline to 65.4 ± 22.2 at 6 weeks, 72.5 ± 19.5 at 6 months, and 79.4 ± 15.3 at 1 year (each p < 0.001). No major complications were observed, though two patients experienced temporary sciatic nerve irritation following the procedure. Four patients had pregnancies and deliveries without any complications after USgHIFU therapy.

Conclusion
To our knowledge, this is the first longitudinal study conducted in two major European HIFU centers that reveals the clinical efficacy of USgHIFU ablation on symptomatic uterine fibroids. Our results confirm that USgHIFU is a non-invasive approach with a low risk of complications, offering an innovative treatment option for affected women.

Key Points
QuestionTo evaluate mid-term clinical efficacy and safety of US-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) for treating symptomatic uterine fibroids and patient outcomes across two European centers.
FindingsUS-guided HIFU treatment resulted in significant fibroid volume reduction (up to 59.1% after 1 year) improving symptoms and quality of life with no major complications.
Clinical relevanceThis prospective longitudinal study provides preliminary data assessing mid-term efficacy and clinical outcomes of ultrasound-guided HIFU. It is shown to be a low-risk, non-invasive treatment option for symptomatic uterine fibroids that reduces fibroid size and improves patients’ quality of life.
Paediatric meningiomas: a multi-centre case series of 27 patients
Authors: Mattey Luke Rhys , James Zoë , Lilo Taha , El Adwan Yazan , Scala Maria Rosaria , Kamaly-Asl Ian , Mallucci Conor , Leach Paul 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study presents a series of paediatric meningiomas and discusses aetiology, risk factors and outcomes with comparison to current literature.

Methods
This is a retrospective review of surgically treated paediatric meningiomas from three UK centres: the University Hospital of Wales, Alder Hey Children’s Hospital and Royal Manchester Children’s Hospital. Twenty-seven patients aged 16 and under at the time of their first procedure were identified over a 15-year period (1 January 2007 and 1 March 2023). Electronic medical records were used to collect data on age at presentation, sex, location of tumour(s), extent of resection, histology, WHO grade, complications, outcomes and associated conditions, notably neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2).

Results
Twenty-seven patients underwent 39 procedures. There were 13 males and 14 females. The median age was 13 years (range, 8 months to 16 years). Twenty-one (75%) were WHO grade 1, 6 (21%) were grade 2 and 1 (4%) was grade 3. Eight patients (30%) had confirmed NF2. Twelve patients (44%) were sporadic cases. Twenty-five percent and 50% were the recurrence rate in WHO grade 1 and 2 tumours, respectively.

Conclusion
The risk of grade 1 tumour recurrence was higher than within the adult population. This may be due to histological features of paediatric meningiomas differing from the adult population, and therefore, the WHO grading system may not be reflective of recurrence risk. Future molecular profiling and larger studies are required given the rarity of these cases.
Temporal forecasting of plant height and canopy diameter from RGB images using a CNN-based regression model for ornamental pepper plants (Capsicum spp.) growing under high-temperature stress
Authors: Ruiz-Gonzalez Ruben , do Nascimento Antonia Maiara Marques , Santos Marcos Bruno da Costa , Porto Rutten Kécio Soares de Brito , Medeiros Artur Mendes , dos Santos Fábio Sandro , Martínez-Martínez Víctor , Barroso Priscila Alves 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBeing capable of accurately predicting morphological parameters of the plant weeks before achieving fruit maturation is of great importance in the production and selection of suitable ornamental pepper plants. The objective of this article is evaluating the feasibility and assessing the performance of CNN-based models using RGB images as input to forecast two morphological parameters: plant height and canopy diameter. To this end, four CNN-based models are proposed to predict these morphological parameters in four different scenarios: first, using as input a single image of the plant; second, using as input several images from different viewpoints of the plant acquired on the same date; third, using as input two images from two consecutive weeks; and fourth, using as input a set of images consisting of one image from each week up to the current date. The results show that it is possible to accurately predict both plant height and canopy diameter. The RMSE for a forecast performed 6 weeks in advance to the actual measurements was below 4.5 cm and 4.2 cm, respectively. When information from previous weeks is added to the model, better results can be achieved and as the prediction date gets closer to the assessment date the accuracy improves as well.
Long-term tumor control following gamma-knife radiosurgery of recurrent or residual pituitary adenomas: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Gabri Alexander , Lindberg Felicia , Kristiansson Helena , Gubanski Michael , Höybye Charlotte , Olsson Martin , Förander Petter , Skyrman Simon , Lippitz Bodo , Fletcher-Sandersjöö Alexander , Bartek Jiri 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Pituitary adenomas (PAs) often require adjuvant Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) due to partial resection or postoperative recurrence. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term efficacy of GKRS for such cases.

Methods
Population-based, observational cohort study of patients who underwent GKRS for postoperative residual or recurrent PAs between 1999 and 2020. We assessed long-term progression-free survival (PFS), identified predictors of tumor growth, and documented adverse radiation events (AREs).

Results
147 patients were included, with a median follow-up time of 8.1 years. Following GKRS, the 5-year and 10-year PFS was 86% and 68%, respectively, with a median PFS of 18.7 years. Somatotrophic adenomas showed a significantly lower risk of tumor progression in the regression analysis (OR 0.11, p = 0.003). Hypopituitarism was the most common ARE, affecting 32% of patients.

Conclusion
GKRS is an effective treatment option for recurrent or residual PAs, offering substantial long-term control. However, the risk for AREs, particularly hypopituitarism, is not negligeable.
Assessing the Multi-Regime Capability of the Super-Grid Linear Eddy Model (SG-LEM) Using the Darmstadt Multi-Regime Burner
Authors: Menon Abhilash , Kerstein Alan , Oevermann Michael 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Recent advances in combustion modelling for Large Eddy Simulation (LES) have increasingly utilised lower-dimensional manifolds, such as Flamelet Generated Manifolds and Flamelet/Progress Variable methods, due to their computational efficiency. These methods typically rely on one-dimensional representations of flame structures, often assuming premixed or non-premixed configurations. However, practical combustion devices frequently operate under partially-premixed conditions and present challenges due to mixture inhomogeneities and complex flow features. The Linear Eddy Model (LEM) offers an alternative by directly simulating turbulence-chemistry interactions without presuming specific flame structures. However, traditional LES-LEM approaches are computationally quite expensive due to the need for resolved LEM domains to be embedded in every LES cell.The authors developed the Super-Grid LEM (SG-LEM) method (Comb. Theor. Model. 28, 2024) to address these computational challenges by coarse-graining the LES mesh and embedding individual LEM domains within clusters of LES cells. This study evaluates SG-LEM in the context of the Multi-Regime Burner (MRB) introduced by Butz et al. (Combust. Flame, 210, 2019), which features both premixed and non-premixed flame characteristics. SG-LEM simulations of the MRB case demonstrate the method’s sensitivity to clustering parameters, with flow-aligned clusters significantly improving flame stability. LEM domains on the super-grid were able to represent the MRB flame topology while LES radial profiles including velocity, mixture fraction, temperature, and

$${\textrm{CO}}$$

CO

mass fraction, were validated against experimental data and also reference simulations using standard combustion closures. The work also investigates discrepancies in CO profiles using conditional statistics and stand-alone LEM simulations. Finally, the work identifies areas of improvement for the SG-LEM framework, in particular relating to cluster generation, and (advective and diffusive) mass exchange between neighbouring LEM domains, as well as possible solutions for future SG-LEM implementations which could improve the model’s predictive capability.
Tool report: EvoMaster—black and white box search-based fuzzing for REST, GraphQL and RPC APIs
Authors: Arcuri Andrea , Zhang Man , Seran Susruthan , Galeotti Juan Pablo , Golmohammadi Amid , Duman Onur , Aldasoro Agustina , Ghianni Hernan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we present the latest version 3.0.0 of EvoMaster, an open-source search-based fuzzer aimed at Web APIs. We discuss and present all its recent improvements, including advanced white-box heuristics, advanced search algorithms, support for databases and external services, as well as dealing with GraphQL and RPC APIs besides the original use case for REST APIs. The tool’s installers have been downloaded more than 3000 times. EvoMaster is in daily use for fuzzing millions of lines of code in hundreds of APIs in large Fortune 500 companies, such as for example the e-commerce Meituan.
Lower parasite pressure in invasive freshwater bivalves than in sympatric native Unionidae mussels in southern European lakes
Authors: Deng Binglin , Riccardi Nicoletta , Urbańska Maria , Marjomäki Timo J. , Andrzejewski Wojciech , Taskinen Jouni 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The Enemy Release Hypothesis (ERH) proposes that the success of bioinvasions is attributable to lower enemy pressure on invasive species compared to native ones, giving a competitive advantage for invaders. In line with the hypothesis, we previously observed in northern European bodies of fresh water that invasive bivalves were subject to lower parasite pressure than sympatric native mussels. Here, we investigated ERH in three southern European lakes, where the native mussels are rapidly declining and being replaced by non-native bivalves. In total, 679 bivalves (n of individuals per species per lake varying from 12 to 187) were collected during 2016–2018. Ten parasite taxa were found. The mean lake-specific number of parasite taxa in the native mussels (Anodonta exulcerata, A. cygnea, A. anatina and Unio elongatulus) was 2.6 times that in the invasive bivalves (Dreissena polymorpha, Corbicula fluminea and Sinanodonta woodiana). Similarly, the mean lake-specific sum of prevalences of infection by different parasite taxa in the native mussels was 3.4 times that in the invasive bivalves. Notable was the complete lack of parasites in C. fluminea. Thus, the results supported the Enemy Release Hypothesis and were in accordance with previous results from northern Europe, suggesting, on average, a lower parasite pressure in invasive bivalves than in sympatric native mussels. As parasites are usually harmful, this may contribute to the observed successful invasion of non-native freshwater bivalves in Europe.
Upcycling Agency: Material and Human Transformation for Sustainability in Fashion
Authors: Painter Mollie , Hiller Alex , Oehlmann Johanna 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we offer some conceptual building blocks, or rather conceptual flows, towards a radical processual rethinking of the type of agency that allows for the sustainable production and consumption of fashion. Appeals to principled decision making or calculating costs and benefits instrumentally fail to engender the necessary behavioural changes, and more importantly, our current conceptual apparatus cannot account for the relationality that fosters sustainable lifestyles. An empirical study of upcycling practices allows us to interrogate the agency involved in sustainable organising and acknowledge the complex forms of valuation that take place in and through the making process. Our data were analysed through the lens of John Dewey’s pragmatist perspectives on valuation and were brought into conversation with literature on ‘making’, more specifically through the anthropological work of Tim Ingold. We contend that current conceptualisations of sustainable organising are inadequate because they undermine the relational orientation that sustainable organising entails. We argue for a processual, relational approach to valuation, which allows for the accommodation of a plurality of ways of thinking about what sustainable organising may mean. To live sustainably, one has to stay close to materials, engage relationally with one’s histories and contexts, and allow valuation to present itself as part of everyday practice.
Investigating dialogic interaction in K12 online one-on-one mathematics tutoring using AI and sequence mining techniques
Authors: Wang Deliang , Shan Dapeng , Ju Ran , Kao Ben , Zhang Chenwei , Chen Gaowei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOnline one-on-one tutoring serves as a supplementary approach to traditional classroom instruction. It has been shown to enhance personalized learning and academic performance. However, the dynamics of dialogic interactions within this educational setting are not fully understood. Thus, we present a computational analysis of dialogic interactions in online one-on-one mathematics tutoring. Specifically, we devised a coding scheme tailored to online tutoring sessions and leveraged advanced artificial intelligence techniques to construct an automated model for annotating dialog acts. We then investigated the basic characteristics and interaction patterns in a dataset encompassing online one-on-one tutoring dialogs within K-12 mathematics education and obtained insightful findings. First, tutors were found to often apply both didactic and other effective teaching strategies. Second, off-task chatting accounted for a significant proportion of tutoring sessions. Third, high school students exhibited greater engagement and cognitive abilities than primary and middle school students through their more active participation and superior reasoning skills. Primary school students, despite their less active participation, responded positively when engaged by tutors. The findings highlight the importance of optimizing strategies applied by tutors and students to create a more dynamic and effective learning environment and provide valuable insights into the nature of online one-on-one tutoring.
A survey on batch training in genetic programming
Authors: Rosenfeld Liah , Vanneschi Leonardo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn Machine Learning (ML), the use of subsets of training data, referred to as batches, rather than the entire dataset, has been extensively researched to reduce computational costs, improve model efficiency, and enhance algorithm generalization. Despite extensive research, a clear definition and consensus on what constitutes batch training have yet to be reached, leading to a fragmented body of literature that could otherwise be seen as different facets of a unified methodology. To address this gap, we propose a theoretical redefinition of batch training, creating a clearer and broader overview that integrates diverse perspectives. We then apply this refined concept specifically to Genetic Programming (GP). Although batch training techniques have been explored in GP, the term itself is seldom used, resulting in ambiguity regarding its application in this area. This review seeks to clarify the existing literature on batch training by presenting a new and practical classification system, which we further explore within the specific context of GP. We also investigate the use of dynamic batch sizes in ML, emphasizing the relatively limited research on dynamic or adaptive batch sizes in GP compared to other ML algorithms. By bringing greater coherence to previously disjointed research efforts, we aim to foster further scientific exploration and development. Our work highlights key considerations for researchers designing batch training applications in GP and offers an in-depth discussion of future research directions, challenges, and opportunities for advancement.
General bounds for the deficit distribution at ruin in the Sparre Andersen model
Authors: Gajek Lesław , Rudź Marcin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe present constructive methods that give upper and lower bounds of Ψ, the insurer’s deficit distribution at ruin time in the Sparre Andersen model. The methodology effectively provides monotone sequences of upper and lower bounds of Ψ, and those sequences converge to Ψ with exponential rate. Several new lower and upper bounds of Ψ are given. As an example, we introduce new bounds of the deficit distribution at ruin when the claim distribution satisfies the new better/worse than used property. We show that some of the examined lower and upper bounds of Ψ may coincide with the exact values of the considered probability.
Length of stay following elective craniotomy for tumor resection in children and young adults: a retrospective case series
Authors: Lesha Emal , Roach Jordan T. , Miller L. Erin , Nichols C. Stewart , Vaughn Brandy , Laird David G. , Orr Taylor , Graham Delaney , Motiwala Mustafa , Shimony Nir , Klimo Paul 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Length of stay (LOS) is a critical metric of healthcare delivery. Prolonged LOS is associated with a heightened risk of adverse complications. We aimed to provide a comprehensive evaluation of LOS, specifically identifying variables associated with extended LOS (eLOS), in children and young adults following elective craniotomy for tumor resection.

Methods
All elective craniotomies for tumor resection performed at our tertiary care children’s hospital from January 2010 to December 2022 were included for review, excluding patients > 21 years of age. Demographic, clinical, and procedural variables for each craniotomy were collected. LOS was defined as the interval in days from index surgery to discharge. eLOS was defined as greater than 7 days.

Results
1,276 patients underwent a total of 1,497 elective craniotomies for tumor resection. The median age was 9.45 years old, with the most common age group being > 10 years (45.6%). Most patients had supratentorial tumors (63.4%) and underwent de novo surgery (60.7%). Patients with an eLOS experienced longer ICU admissions, longer surgical times, and were younger. Variables found to be significantly associated with eLOS were posterior fossa resection (OR = 2.45), de novo craniotomy (OR = 0.49), prior shunt or ETV (OR = 1.80), tumor type (craniopharyngioma (OR = 3.74) and medulloblastoma (OR = 0.51)), and the presence of at least one postoperative event (POE) (OR = 29.85).

Conclusion
This is the largest study evaluating factors (patient, tumor, surgical) associated with eLOS after elective craniotomy for tumor resection in children and young adults. The findings of this clinical study are important for preoperative counseling, neurosurgical team preparedness, and healthcare delivery optimization.
How Does Students’ Negative Feedback Affect University Teachers?
Authors: Mendzheritskaya Julia , Maier Nicola A. , Hansen Miriam 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The relevance of student evaluation of teaching (SET) for both development of individual teaching as well as for institutional quality management in higher education (HE) contexts has been investigated in numerous studies. However, how educators incorporate students’ feedback into their teaching, especially in the case of negative evaluations, depends on how educators perceive and deal with students’ feedback. To address this issue, we conducted an experimental vignette study to document how university teachers (N = 107) respond to negative SET at cognitive, emotional, and behavioral levels. Further, we varied the focus (student- vs. teacher-oriented) and the content (learning outcomes, interest in course, and learning activities) of feedback messages in the vignettes. Our results show that students’ negative feedback, especially concerning learning outcomes, evoked predominantly negative emotions of sadness or anxiety in HE teachers. Further, participants perceived the students’ negative feedback as moderately unstable and as to some extent limited within their control. Student-oriented negative comments regarding students’ interest in course or students’ engagement in learning activities were interpreted as more trustworthy and valid than negative feedback on teacher-focused characteristics related to the educators’ instructional competences. On average the participants indicated higher approach tendencies than avoidance tendencies after receiving students’ negative feedback. Finally, how HE teachers perceived and dealt with negative SET was linked to teachers’ perceived value of students’ feedback. Our findings underline the importance of incorporating more student-focused elements into SET and introducing activities that assist HE teachers in handling negative feedback within the SET process.