bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KONSEP QIWĀMAH DALAM YURISPRUDENSI ISLAM PERSPEKTIF KEADILAN GENDER
Authors: Faizah Nur 
Published: May 2019

This article explains the concept of leadership in the family (qiwāmah) gender justice perspective. The focus of the study on the interpretation of Surat an-Nisā '[4] verse 34 which becomes the theological and socio-cultural foundation of society. The letter interprets that the husband is superior to the wife, so marriage relations tend to be hierarchical (the husband becomes the head of the family, while the wife has the subordinate status). This lame husband and wife relationship makes the wife vulnerable to violence. The author considers that this verse must be reinterpreted from the point of view of gender justice given the sociological shift. This study led the writer to the conclusion that the concept of qiwāmah in Islamic jurisprudence is open and dialogic with the times. The concept of qiwāmah now must be interpreted based on human values rather than gender, so that women as wives not only serve their husbands, but partners and partners who are both subjects and objects. The relationship between them is in the form of symbiosis of mutualism (mutual benefit), not only in the family but also for the community and the State. There is no difference between the two, except in matters of devotion to God. [Artikel ini menjelaskan konsep kepemimpinan dalam rumah tangga (qiwāmah) perspektif keadilan gender. Fokus kajian pada penafsiran Surat an-Nisā’ [4] Ayat 34 yang menjadi landasan teologis dan sosio-kultural masyarakat. Surat tersebut menafsirkan bahwa suami lebih unggul daripada istri, sehingga hubungan perkawinan cenderung hierarkis (suami menjadi kepala keluarga, sementara istri berstatus subordinat terhadapnya). Relasi suami istri yang timpang ini membuat istri rentan terhadap kekerasan. Penulis memandang bahwa ayat ini harus ditafsir ulang dari sudut pandang keadilan gender mengingat adanya pergeseran sosiologis. Kajian ini mengantarkan penulis pada kesimpulan bahwa konsep qiwāmah dalam yurisprudensi Islam bersifat terbuka dan dialogis dengan perkembangan zaman. Konsep qiwāmah sekarang harus dimaknai berdasarkan nilai-nilai kemanusiaan bukan jenis kelamin, sehingga perempuan sebagai istri bukan hanya melayani suaminya, melainkan patner dan mitra yang sama-sama menjadi subyek sekaligus obyek. Relasi keduanya berupa simbiosis mutualisme (saling menguntungkan), tidak hanya dalam keluarga tetapi juga untuk masyarakat dan Negara. Tidak ada perbedaan di antara keduanya, kecuali dalam hal ketakwaan kepada Tuhan.]
PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA HARTA PERKAWINAN PASCA PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI NOMOR 69/PUU-XIII/2015
Authors: Iswantoro Iswantoro 
Published: May 2019

The writing of this article is motivated by the implementation of marriage agreements in Article 147 of the KUHPerdata and Article 29 of Law Number 1 of 1974 about Marriage, which states that marriage agreements are made before the marriage happened. This rule restricts the freedom of two individuals to perform the agreement, so that it is contrary to Article 28 points e paragraph 2 of the 1945 Constitution. In 2015, the Constitutional Court (MK) issued Decision Number: 69 / PUU-XIII / 2015 which concerning about the issue of the marriage agreement. This article discusses the settlement of marital property disputes after the Constitutional Court's decision in terms of normative legal studies. The study focused on legal principles, legal systematics, legal synchronization, and legal history. The result: (1) based on the Constitutional Court's decision, the marriage agreement can be made as long as the marriage bond takes place with mutual agreement witnessed by a notary without having to be preceded by a court ruling; (2) the Constitutional Court's decision results in joint and third party assets that made and witnessed by a notary begins to take effect from the time the marriage takes place, unless otherwise specified in the marriage agreement. That is, if the parties do not determine when the marriage agreement will take effect, the marriage agreement will take effect from the time the marriage takes place. [Penulisan artikel ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pelaksanaan perjanjian perkawinan dalam Pasal 147 Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Perdata (KUHPerdata) dan Pasal 29 Undang-Undang Nomor 1 tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan, yang menyebutkan bahwa perjanjian perkawinan dibuat sebelum perkawinan dilangsungkan. Peraturan ini membatasi kebebasan dua orang individu untuk melakukan perjanjian, sehingga bertentangan dengan Pasal 28 Poin e Ayat 2 Undang-Undang Dasar 1945. Tahun 2015, Mahkamah Konstitusi (MK) mengeluarkan Putusan Nomor: 69/PUU-XIII/2015 yang di antara ketentuannya menyangkut persoalan perjanjian perkawinan. Artikel ini membahas penyelesaian sengketa harta perkawinan pasca putusan MK tersebut dari sisi kajian hukum normatif. Kajian difokuskan pada asas-asas hukum, sistematika hukum, sinkronisasi hukum, dan sejarah hukum. Hasilnya: (1) berdasarkan pada putusan MK tersebut, perjanjian perkawinan dapat dibuat selama ikatan perkawinan berlangsung atas persetujuan bersama di depan notaris tanpa harus didahului oleh penetapan pengadilan; (2) putusan MK tersebut berakibat pada harta bersama dan pihak ketiga yang dibuat di hadapan notaris mulai berlakunya sejak perkawinan dilangsungkan, kecuali ditentukan lain dalam perjanjian perkawinan. Artinya, apabila para pihak tidak menentukan kapan perjanjian perkawinan tersebut mulai berlaku, maka perjanjian perkawinan tersebut berlaku sejak perkawinan dilangsungkan.]
PELAKSANAAN KURSUS PRANIKAH DI KOTA YOGYAKARTA: URGENSITAS, EFEKTIVITAS HUKUM, DAN TINDAKAN SOSIAL
Authors: Djazimah Siti , Hayat Muhammad Jihadul 
Published: May 2019

This article describes the implementation of pre-marital courses that still contain several problems. One of them is, Indonesian Republic’s Ministry of Religion Regulation No. DJ.II / 491 of 2009 and Regulation No. DJ.II / 542 of 2013 in order to organize the pre-marital courses, but many related parties cannot implement it. This prompted the author to examine the views of the Head of KUA in the City of Yogyakarta regarding the urgency of pre-marital courses in an effort to form a sakinah family. After interviewing some related sources, the authors concluded: (1) all informants considered pre-marital courses to be very important as an effort to realize a sakinah family; (2) at the technical level, the implementation of pre-marital courses still faces some problems, such as budget issues, so that some KUA cannot held pre-marital courses; and (3) the implementation of pre-marital courses at KUA is based on religious traditions or beliefs rather than legal regulations. [Artikel ini menjelaskan tentang pelaksanaan kursus pra-nikah yang masih mengandung sejumlah masalah. Salah satunya adalah, meskipun Kementerian Agama RI telah mengeluarkan Peraturan No. DJ.II/491 Tahun 2009 dan Peraturan No. DJ.II/542 Tahun 2013 agar kursus pranikah diselenggarakan, namun banyak pihak terkait yang tidak dapat melaksanakannya. Ini mendorong penulis menelaah pandangan pandangan Kepala KUA Kota Yogyakarta tentang kursus pra-nikah dan urgensi dalam upaya membentuk keluarga sakinah. Setelah mewawancarai narasumber-narasumber terkait, penulis berkesimpulan: (1) semua narasumber menganggap kursus pra-nikah sangat penting sebagai upaya mewujudkan keluarga sakinah; (2) pada tataran teknis, pelaksanaan kursus pra-nikah masih terbentur sejumlah masalah, seperti persoalan anggaran, sehingga beberapa KUA tidak bisa menyelenggarakan kursus pra-nikah; dan (3) pelaksanaan kursus pra-nikah di KUA didasarkan pada tradisi atau keyakinan agama daripada peraturan hukumnya.]
Assessment of CSP-based two-stage channel selection approach and local transformation-based feature extraction for classification of motor imagery/movement EEG data
Authors: Onay Funda Kutlu , Köse Cemal 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The main idea of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) is to facilitate the lives of patients having difficulties to move their muscles due to a disorder of their motor nervous systems but healthy cognitive functions. BCIs are usually electroencephalography (EEG)-based, and the success of the BCIs relies on the precision of signal preprocessing, detection of distinctive features, usage of suitable classifiers and selection of effective channels. In this study, a two-stage channel selection and local transformation-based feature extraction are proposed for the classification of motor imagery/movement tasks. In the first stage of the channel selection, the channels were combined according to the neurophysiological information about brain functions acquired from the literature, then averaged and a single channel was formed. In the second stage, selective channels were specified with the common spatial pattern-linear discriminant analysis (CSP-LDA)-based sequential channel removal. After the channel selection phase, the feature extraction was carried out with local transformation-based methods (LTBM): local centroid pattern (LCP), one-dimensional-local gradient pattern (1D-LGP), local neighborhood descriptive pattern (LNDP) and one-dimensional-local ternary pattern (1D-LTP). The distinctions and deficiencies of these methods were compared with other methods in the literature and the classification performances of the k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) and the support vector machines (SVM) were evaluated. As a result, the proposed methods yielded the highest average classification accuracies as 99.34%, 95.95%, 98.66% and 99.90% with the LCP, 1D-LGP, LNDP and 1D-LTP when using k-NN, respectively. The two-stage channel selection and 1D-LTP method showed promising results for recognition of motor tasks. The LTBM will contribute to the development of EEG-based BCIs with the advantages of high classification accuracy, easy implementation and low computational complexity.
A cognitive semiotic exploration of metaphors in Greek street art
Authors: Stampoulidis Georgios , Bolognesi Marianna , Zlatev Jordan 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCognitive linguistic and semiotic accounts of metaphor have addressed similar issues such as universality, conventionality, context-sensitivity, cross-cultural variation, creativity, and “multimodality.” However, cognitive linguistics and semiotics have been poor bedfellows and interactions between them have often resulted in cross-talk. This paper, which focuses on metaphors in Greek street art, aims to improve this situation by using concepts and methods from cognitive semiotics, notably the conceptual-empirical loop and methodological triangulation.In line with the cognitive semiotics paradigm, we illustrate the significance of the terminological and conceptual distinction between semiotic systems (language, gesture, and depiction) and sensory modalities (sight, hearing, touch, smell, and taste). Thus, we restrict the term multimodality to the synergy of two or more different sensory modalities and introduce the notion of polysemiotic communication in the sense of the intertwined use of two or more semiotic systems.In our synthetic approach, we employ the Motivation and Sedimentation Model (MSM), which distinguishes between three interacting levels of meaning making: the embodied, the sedimented, and the situated. Consistent with this, we suggest a definition of metaphor, leading to the assertion that metaphor is a process of experiencing one thing in terms of another, giving rise to both tension and iconicity between the two “things” (meanings, experiences, concepts). By reviewing an empirical study on unisemiotic and polysemiotic metaphors in Greek street art, we show that the actual metaphorical interpretation is ultimately a matter of situated and socio-culturally-sensitive sign use and hence a dynamic and creative process in a real-life context.
Work on the Evaluation Parameters of Serial and Parallel Relay-Assisted FSO System
Authors: Balaji K.A , Praveen Bagadi Kala 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The outage performance of FSO system assisted with decode and forward relay is studied using diversity techniques like wavelength and time which helps in mitigating atmospheric turbulence. The channel modelled using Malaga turbulence model with the combined effects of path loss and pointing errors. We derive outage performance analysis for multi hop system using no, wavelength and time diversity schemes, respectively. And we justified the usage of diversity techniques, Because of which the FSO system performance gets enhanced.
Systematicity in the semantics of noun compounds: The role of artifacts vs. natural kinds
Authors: Levin Beth , Glass Lelia , Jurafsky Dan 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe nature of the relationship between the head and modifier in English noun compounds has long posed a challenge to semantic theories. We argue that the type of head-modifier relation in an English endocentric noun-headed compound depends on how its referent is categorized: specifically, on whether the referent is conceptualized as anartifact, made by humans for a purpose; or as anatural kind, existing independently of humans. We propose the Events vs. Essences Hypothesis: the modifier in an artifact-headed compound typically refers to an event of use or creation associated with that artifact, while the modifier in a natural kind-headed compound typically makes reference to inherent properties reflective of an abstract essence associated with the kind, such as its perceptual properties or native habitat. We present three studies substantiating this hypothesis. First, in a corpus of almost 1,700 attested compounds in two conceptual domains (food/cooking and precious minerals/jewelry), we find that as predicted, compound names referring to artifacts tend to evoke events, whereas compound names referring to natural kinds tend to evoke essential properties. Next, in a production experiment involving compound creation and a comprehension experiment involving compound interpretation, we find that the same tendencies also extend to novel compounds.
Thermal stability of xanthan gum biopolymer and its application in salt-tolerant bentonite water-based mud
Authors: Zou Zhifei , Zhao Qingcheng , Wang Qingying , Zhou Fengshan 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Xanthan gum from Xanthomona campestris (XC) is a chain-like polysaccharide biopolymer with good salt tolerance. The temperature resistance of XC seriously affects its application in drilling fluids. Results have shown that when the temperature of the XC solution rose to 120°C, after several hours the shear stress of the XC solution was almost 0 mPa · s at different shear rates. In this study, the molecular structure of XC was enhanced by crosslinking with chromic oxalate and borax and then adding sodium sulfite to further enhance the temperature resistance of the gum. Selected materials such as MgO, layered double-hydroxide, attapulgite, and asbestos fiber were added as shearing resistance reagents. Through continuous experimentation, the amounts of the reagents were optimized. After 120°C aging test, the drilling fluids of modified XC (MXC) could still maintain good rheological properties and low fluid loss. The application in China Dagang oilfield indicated that 0.019 w/v% MXC could improve the yield point from 6.5 to 8 Pa. MXC could also be used in bentonite to prepare salt-tolerant bentonite, which was successfully used in offshore exploration and construction engineering.
Osmium and magnesium: structural segregation in the rare earth-rich intermetallics RE
4OsMg (RE=La–Nd, Sm) and RE
9
TMg4 (RE=Gd, Tb)
Authors: Block Theresa , Stein Sebastian , Heletta Lukas , Pöttgen Rainer 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Ternary rare earth metal-rich intermetallic phases containing osmium and magnesium were obtained by induction melting of the elements in sealed niobium ampoules under argon followed by annealing in muffle furnaces. The large rare earth elements form the series of Gd4RhIn-type (F4̅3m) intermetallics RE
4OsMg with RE = La–Nd and Sm, while the smaller rare earth metals gadolinium and terbium form the Y9CoMg4-type (P63/mmc) phases Gd9OsMg4 and Tb9OsMg4. All samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (Guinier technique). The structures of Ce4Os0.973Mg1.027 (a = 1406.54(7) pm, wR2 = 0.0478), Nd4Os0.978Mg1.022 (a = 1402.00(7) pm, wR2 = 0.0463), Sm4Os0.920Mg1.080 (a = 1387.33(5) pm, wR2 = 0.0378) and Gd9OsMg4 (a = 971.01(5), c = 980.43(5) pm, wR2 = 0.0494) were refined from single-crystal X-ray diffractometer data. The three RE
4OsMg phases show small degrees of Os/Mg mixing, as is frequently observed for Rh/In in Gd4RhIn-type intermetallics. The basic building units in both structures are osmium-centered RE
6 trigonal prisms that are condensed with empty RE
6 octahedra. The magnesium atoms in both types build Mg4 tetrahedra. The latter are isolated (312 pm Mg–Mg in Ce4OsMg) and incorporated within the three-dimensional network of prisms and octahedra in the RE
4OsMg phases while one observes rows of corner- and face-sharing tetrahedra in Gd9OsMg4 (305 and 314 pm Mg–Mg). In both structure types direct Os–Mg bonding is not observed.
Gamma Radiation and Hydrogen Peroxide Based Advanced Oxidation Process for the Degradation of Disperse Dye in Aqueous Medium
Authors: Jamil Aneela , Bokhari Tanveer Hussain , Iqbal Munawar , Bhatti Ijaz Ahmad , Zuber Muhammad , Nisar Jan , Masood Nasir 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
In view of promising efficiency of advanced oxidation process (AOP), gamma radiation in combination with H2O2 was employed for the degradation of disperse red 73 (DR73) dye. Cs-137 gamma radiation source was used for dye aqueous solution irradiation. The process variables such as pH (3–9), H2O2 concentration (0.3–0.9 mL), gamma radiation absorbed dose (1–20 kGy) and DR73 initial concentration (50–150 mg/L) were optimized for maximum degradation of dye. The efficiency of AOP was evaluated on the basis of dye degradation, water quality parameters and toxicity reduction. Degradation of DR73 was achieved 69% using gamma radiation absorbed dose of 20 kGy and at the same dose 96.3% degradation was achieved in the presence of 0.9 mL/L H2O2. The dye degradation found to be dependent on dye initial concentration and pH of the medium. The radiolytic progress of DR73 was monitored by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and UV-Visible spectroscopy. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD) were reduced significantly in response of treatment of dye at optimum conditions of process variables. The toxicity of treated and un-treated dye solution was monitored by haemolytic and Ames assays. Results revealed that the toxicity of DR73 dye was also reduced significantly after treatment. Findings revealed that the gamma radiation based AOPs are promising and could possibly be used for the remediation of textile wastewater contains toxic dyes.
Democracia y educación: análisis crítico en los albores del tercer milenio
Authors: Guichot Reina Virginia 
Published: May 2019

Este articulo está estructurado en tres apartados. En el primero, "Democracia como cultura polítíca" reflexionamos sobre el significado que hemos de imprimir a tres términos que creemos esenciales dentro de dicho concepto: comunidad, colaboración y participación, pues apreciamos que, con frecuencia, son tergiversados o se aplican significaciones que no responden a su rol en el apuntalamiento de la democracia. En el segundo, "Repensando el término ciudadanía en el Tercer Milenio" se rechaza una concepción de la misma centrada en pensar al ciudadano como un receptor de derechos más que como un actor de la vida comunitaria y se apuesta por una ciudadanla intercultural, que aprecie la riqueza de la pluralidad y la diversidad. Por último, en el epfgrafe "La educación para la ciudadanía democrática. algunas orientaciones", señalamos la necesidad de compromiso de la sociedad en su conjunto en una educación en y para la democracia. En este sentido, presentamos proyectos como el de ciudades educadoras e indicamos algunas líneas de trabajo dentro de las instituciones para conseguir individuos autónomos, libres y responsables en la construcción de un mundo más humano.
PENGGUNAAN MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF MELALUI METODE “SUGGESTOPEDIA” TERHADAP PENINGKATAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA DALAM PELAJARAN BAHASA INGGRIS
Authors: Pujasari Yayah , Rahayu Wandi Wardiana 
Published: May 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan MMI (interaktif multimedia) melalui Sugestopedia motivasi belajar siswa dalam pelajaran Bahasa Inggris. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian Quasi Experimental Design dengan model Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Sampel penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X SMK AL HALIM Garut 2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil uji korelasi berganda, ternyata (3,44 atau 5,72) dapat dinyatakan bahwa korelasi ganda adalah signifikan, artinya ada hubungan yang signifikan antara penggunaan MMI melalui metode Sugestopedia dengan motivasi belajar dalam pelajaran bahasa Inggris. Hasil uji hipotesis kedua dengan t-test diperoleh nilai (9,212) (2,6933) dan berada di area penerimaan maka Ho ditolak, artinya ada perbedaan motivasi belajar yang signifikan antara siswa yang belajar menggunakan MMI melalui metode Sugestopedia dengan siswa belajar dengan metode Konvensional dalam pelajaran bahasa Inggris. This study aims to determine the effect of the use of MMI (interactive multimedia) through the suggestopedia of student learning motivation in English lessons. The research approach used in this research is quantitative approach with Quasi Experimental Design research design with Nonequivalent Control Group Design model. The sample of this research is student X SMK AL HALIM Garut 2 class. The results showed that the results of multiple correlation test, it turns out (3.44 or 5.72) it can be stated that the double correlation is significant, meaning there is a significant relationship between the use of MMI through the method suggestopedia with learning motivation in English lessons. Result of second hypopenelitian test with t-test obtained value (9,212) (2,6933) and reside in area of acceptance hence Ho is rejected, meaning there are difference of learning motivation significant between student learn using MMI through method of suggestopedia with student learn by method Conventional in English lessons.
Evangelización y comunidad en la posguerra española
Authors: Caballero Zubia Beatriz 
Published: May 2019

En 1939 nace el Instituto Nacional de Colonización con el fin de llevar a cabo la construcción de poblados en el medio rural, y posibilitar así la reactivación de un sector agrario que sostuviese la economía de posguerra. No obstante, sus intereses eran tanto económicos, como político-sociales.
Su objetivo era la construcción de nuevos asentamientos que además de regenerar la actividad agraria, fueran el escenario idóneo para una vida rural y al mismo tiempo espiritual. Se trataba de vincular el trabajo del campo a la espiritualización de la vida en comunidad y por tanto la evangelización de los colonos. De este modo, el edificio de la iglesia se convierte en clave dentro de su arquitectura, tanto por su capacidad de representación del sentimiento comunitario, como por su presencia en la trama urbana o su conversión en hito paisajístico a través del campanario.