bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Didactic Content and Experiential Aging Simulation for Developing Patient-Centered Strategies and Empathy for Older Adults
Authors: Jilla Anna , Danhauer Jeffrey , Johnson Carole 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe number of people over 65 years of age is increasing, and many of those individuals will have sensorineural hearing loss in addition to other chronic health conditions. Future hearing health care providers need to be sensitive to the needs of elderly patients. The purpose of this article is to describe an experiential learning curriculum used in the Doctor of Audiology program in the Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center. The curriculum uses simulations of sensory disorders common in the elderly to transform knowledge and active experience into patient-centered, empathetic counseling skills and strategies to use with older adults with hearing loss.
Recognizing and Reacting to Risk Signs for Patient Suicide
Authors: Palmer Catherine , Zitelli Lori 
Published: February 2018

AbstractEvidence-based suggestions for developing an effective clinician-client relationship built upon trust and honesty will be shared, as well as a review of relevant scope of practice issues for audiologists. Audiologists need to be prepared if a patient threatens self-harm. Many patients do not spontaneously report their suicidal thoughts and intentions to their care providers, so we need to be alert to warning signs. Information about the strongest predictors of suicide, how to ask about suicidal intentions, and how to assess the risk of suicide will be presented. Although it is our responsibility to recognize suicidal tendencies and have a plan for preventive intervention, it is not our responsibility to conduct a suicide evaluation. Tips for collecting critical information to be provided to qualified professionals will be shared, as well as additional information about how and to whom to disclose this information. A list of suicide warning signs will be reviewed as well as some additional suggestions for how to react when a patient discloses his or her suicidal intent. A review of available resources (for both the patient and the clinician) will be provided, along with instructions for how and when it is appropriate to access them.
Diagnosing Coexisting Conditions of Angelman and Klinefelter Syndromes Using Chromosomal Microarray
Authors: Wong Melissa , Paschal Catherine R. , Bozarth Xiuhua 
Published: February 2018

AbstractWe report here a 4-year-old male patient who presented with clinical features of Angelman syndrome (AS, OMIM 105830) including dysmorphic features, hypotonia, lack of language development, ataxia, severe developmental delay, and seizures. Due to insurance denial for DNA methylation test, a chromosomal microarray (CMA) was performed, which showed an approximately 5.0 Mb deletion of Prader–Willi/AS critical region (15q11.2 to q13.1). Subsequent Prader–Willi/AS methylation analysis was consistent with the diagnosis of AS. Gain of an X chromosome (Klinefelter syndrome, KS) was also detected by CMA. KS is not usually diagnosed before puberty due to lack of specific clinical features in early childhood. It is unclear if there is any direct association between these two genetic disorders. There has only been one other published case, to our knowledge, of a patient with coexistence of AS due to 15q11.2-q13 deletion and KS. CMA is a fast and effective diagnostic test to determine multiple genetic disorders. Early genetic diagnostic testing using CMA as an alternative first-step diagnostic genetic testing for children with clinical suspicion of AS would be beneficial.
The flame characteristics of the biogas has produced through the digester method with various starters
Authors: Ketut Caturwati Ni , Agung Sudrajat , Mekro Permana , Heri Haryanto , Bachtiar  
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Increasing the volume of waste, especially in urban areas is a source of problems in realizing the comfort and health of the environment. It needs to do a good handling of garbage so as to provide benefits for the whole community. Organic waste processing through bio-digester method to produce a biogas as an energy source is an effort. This research was conducted to test the characteristics of biogas flame generated from organic waste processing through digester with various of the starter such as: cow dung, goat manure, and leachate that obtained from the landfill at Bagendung–Cilegon. The flame height and maximum temperature of the flame are measured for the same pressure of biogas. The measurements showed the flame produced by bio-digester with leachate starter has the lowest flame height compared to the other types of biogas, and the highest flame height is given by biogas from digester with cow dung as a starter. The maximum flame temperature of biogas produced by leachate as a starter reaches 1027 °C. This value is 7% lower than the maximum flame temperature of biogas produced by cow dung as a starter. Cow dung was observed to be the best starter compared to goat manure and leachate, but the use of leachate as a starter in producing biogas with biodigester method is not the best but it worked.
On an effective variation of Kronecker’s approximation theorem avoiding algebraic sets
Authors: Fukshansky Lenny , Moshchevitin Nikolay 
Published: February 2018

Let

Λ
⊂

R

n

\Lambda \subset \mathbb R^n

be an algebraic lattice coming from a projective module over the ring of integers of a number field

K
K

. Let

Z

⊂

R

n

\mathcal Z \subset \mathbb R^n

be the zero locus of a finite collection of polynomials such that

Λ
⊈

Z

\Lambda \nsubseteq \mathcal Z

or a finite union of proper full-rank sublattices of

Λ
\Lambda

. Let

K
1

K_1

be the number field generated over

K
K

by coordinates of vectors in

Λ
\Lambda

, and let

L
1

,
…
,

L
t

L_1,\dots ,L_t

be linear forms in

n
n

variables with algebraic coefficients satisfying an appropriate linear independence condition over

K
1

K_1

. For each

ε
>
0

\varepsilon > 0

and

a
∈

R

n

\boldsymbol a \in \mathbb R^n

, we prove the existence of a vector

x
∈
Λ
∖

Z

\boldsymbol x \in \Lambda \setminus \mathcal Z

of explicitly bounded sup-norm such that

‖

L
i

(
x
)
−

a
i

‖
>
ε

\begin{equation*} \| L_i(\boldsymbol x) - a_i \| > \varepsilon \end{equation*}

for each

1
≤
i
≤
t

1 \leq i \leq t

, where

‖

‖

\|\ \|

stands for the distance to the nearest integer. The bound on sup-norm of

x
\boldsymbol x

depends on

ε
\varepsilon

, as well as on

Λ
\Lambda

,

K
K

,

Z

\mathcal Z

, and heights of linear forms. This presents a generalization of Kronecker’s approximation theorem, establishing an effective result on density of the image of

Λ
∖

Z

\Lambda \setminus \mathcal Z

under the linear forms

L
1

,
…
,

L
t

L_1,\dots ,L_t

in the

t
t

-torus

R

t

/

Z

t

\mathbb R^t/\mathbb Z^t

.
Avoiding algebraic integers of bounded house in orbits of rational functions over cyclotomic closures
Authors: Chen Evan 
Published: February 2018

Let

k
k

be a number field with cyclotomic closure

k

c

k^{\mathrm {c}}

, and let

h
∈

k

c

(
x
)

h \in k^{\mathrm {c}}(x)

. For

A
≥
1

A \ge 1

a real number, we show that
\[

{
α
∈

k

c

:
h
(
α
)
∈

Z

¯

has house at most
A
}

\{ \alpha \in k^{\mathrm {c}} : h(\alpha ) \in \overline {\mathbb Z} \text { has house at most } A \}

\]
is finite for many

h
h

. We also show that for many such

h
h

the same result holds if

h
(
α
)

h(\alpha )

is replaced by orbits

h
(
h
(
⋯
h
(
α
)
)
)

h(h(\cdots h(\alpha )))

. This generalizes a result proved by Ostafe that concerns avoiding roots of unity, which is the case

A
=
1

A=1

.
On geodesic ray bundles in hyperbolic groups
Authors: Touikan Nicholas 
Published: February 2018

We construct a Cayley graph

C
a
y

S

(
Γ
)

\mathbf {Cay}_{S}\left (\Gamma \right )

of a hyperbolic group

Γ
\Gamma

such that there are elements

g
,
h
∈
Γ

g,h\in \Gamma

and a point

γ
∈

∂

∞

Γ
=

∂

∞

C
a
y

S

(
Γ
)

\gamma \in \partial _{\infty }\Gamma = \partial _{\infty }\mathbf {Cay}_{S}\left (\Gamma \right )

such that the sets

R

B

(
g
,
γ
)

\mathcal {R}\mathcal {B}\left (g,\gamma \right )

and

R

B

(
h
,
γ
)

\mathcal {R}\mathcal {B}\left (h,\gamma \right )

in

C
a
y

S

(
Γ
)

\mathbf {Cay}_{S}\left (\Gamma \right )

of vertices along geodesic rays from

g
,
h

g,h

to

γ
\gamma

have infinite symmetric difference, thus answering a question of Huang, Sabok, and Shinko.
GSK3β Modulates Timing-Dependent Long-Term Depression Through Direct Phosphorylation of Kv4.2 Channels
Authors: Aceto Giuseppe , Re Agnese , Mattera Andrea , Leone Lucia , Colussi Claudia , Rinaudo Marco , Scala Federico , Gironi Katia , Barbati Saviana Antonella , Fusco Salvatore , Green Thomas , Laezza Fernanda , D’Ascenzo Marcello , Grassi Claudio 
Published: February 2018

AbstractSpike timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) is a form of activity-dependent remodeling of synaptic strength that underlies memory formation. Despite its key role in dictating learning rules in the brain circuits, the molecular mechanisms mediating STDP are still poorly understood. Here, we show that spike timing-dependent long-term depression (tLTD) and A-type K+ currents are modulated by pharmacological agents affecting the levels of active glycogen-synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) and by GSK3β knockdown in layer 2/3 of the mouse somatosensory cortex. Moreover, the blockade of A-type K+ currents mimics the effects of GSK3 up-regulation on tLTD and occludes further changes in synaptic strength. Pharmacological, immunohistochemical and biochemical experiments revealed that GSK3β influence over tLTD induction is mediated by direct phosphorylation at Ser-616 of the Kv4.2 subunit, a molecular determinant of A-type K+ currents. Collectively, these results identify the functional interaction between GSK3β and Kv4.2 channel as a novel mechanism for tLTD modulation providing exciting insight into the understanding of GSK3β role in synaptic plasticity.
Patterns of plant and animal protein intake are strongly associated with cardiovascular mortality: the Adventist Health Study-2 cohort
Authors: Tharrey Marion , Mariotti François , Mashchak Andrew , Barbillon Pierre , Delattre Maud , Fraser Gary E 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundCurrent evidence suggests that plant and animal proteins are intimately associated with specific large nutrient clusters that may explain part of their complex relation with cardiovascular health. We aimed at evaluating the association between specific patterns of protein intake with cardiovascular mortality.MethodsWe selected 81 337 men and women from the Adventist Health Study-2. Diet was assessed between 2002 and 2007, by using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Dietary patterns based on the participants’ protein consumption were derived by factor analysis. Cox regression analysis was used to estimate multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) adjusted for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors and dietary components.ResultsThere were 2276 cardiovascular deaths during a mean follow-up time of 9.4 years. The HRs for cardiovascular mortality were 1.61 [98.75% confidence interval (CI), 1.12 2.32; P-trend < 0.001] for the ‘Meat’ protein factor and 0.60 (98.75% CI, 0.42 0.86; P-trend < 0.001) for the ‘Nuts & Seeds’ protein factor (highest vs lowest quintile of factor scores). No significant associations were found for the ‘Grains’, ‘Processed Foods’ and ‘Legumes, Fruits & Vegetables’ protein factors. Additional adjustments for the participants’ vegetarian dietary pattern and nutrients related to cardiovascular disease outcomes did not change the results.ConclusionsAssociations between the ‘Meat’ and ‘Nuts & Seeds’ protein factors and cardiovascular outcomes were strong and could not be ascribed to other associated nutrients considered to be important for cardiovascular health. Healthy diets can be advocated based on protein sources, preferring low contributions of protein from meat and higher intakes of plant protein from nuts and seeds.
Hadronic model for the non-thermal radiation from the binary system AR Scorpii
Authors: Bednarek W 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
AR Scorpii is a close binary system containing a rotation powered white dwarf and a low-mass M type companion star. This system shows non-thermal emission extending up to the X-ray energy range. We consider hybrid (lepto-hadronic) and pure hadronic models for the high energy non-thermal processes in this binary system. Relativistic electrons and hadrons are assumed to be accelerated in a strongly magnetised, turbulent region formed in collision of a rotating white dwarf magnetosphere and a magnetosphere/dense atmosphere of the M-dwarf star. We propose that the non-thermal X-ray emission is produced either by the primary electrons or the secondary e± pairs from decay of charged pions created in collisions of hadrons with the companion star atmosphere. We show that the accompanying γ-ray emission from decay of neutral pions, which are produced by these same protons, is expected to be on the detectability level of the present and/or the future satellite and Cherenkov telescopes. The γ-ray observations of the binary system AR Sco should allow us to constrain the efficiency of hadron and electron acceleration and also the details of the radiation processes.
Characteristics of Successful Internal Medicine Resident Research Projects: Predictors of Journal Publication Versus Abstract Presentation
Authors: Atreya Auras R. , Stefan Mihaela , Friderici Jennifer L. , Kleppel Reva , Fitzgerald Janice , Rothberg Michael B. 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
To identify the characteristics of successful research projects at an internal medicine residency program with an established research curriculum.

Method
The authors collected data about all research projects initiated by or involving medicine residents from 2006 to 2013 at Baystate Medical Center, using departmental files and institutional review board applications. Resident and mentor characteristics were determined using personnel files and Medline searches. Using multivariable models, the authors identified predictors of successful completion of projects using adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs). The primary outcome was manuscript publication, and secondary outcome was publication or regional/national presentation. Finally, residents were surveyed to identify barriers and/or factors contributing to project completion.

Results
Ninety-four research projects were identified: 52 (55.3%) projects achieved the primary outcome and 72 (76.5%) met the secondary outcome, with overlap between categories. Most study designs were cross-sectional (41; 43.6%) or retrospective cohort (30; 31.9%). After adjustment, utilization of the epidemiology/biostatistical core (PR = 2.09; 95% CI: 1.36, 3.21), established publication record of resident (PR = 1.54; 95% CI: 1.14, 2.07), and resident with U.S. medical education (PR = 1.39; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.90) were associated with successful project completion. Mentor publication record (PR = 3.13) did not retain significance because of small sample size. Most respondents (65%) cited “lack of time” as a major project barrier.

Conclusions
Programs seeking to increase resident publications should consider an institutional epidemiology/biostatistical core, made available to all residency research projects, and residents should choose experienced mentors with a track record of publications.
Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring in Spine Surgery
Authors: Daniel Jefferson Walter , Botelho Ricardo Vieira , Milano Jerônimo Buzetti , Dantas Fernando Rolemberg , Onishi Franz Jooji , Neto Eloy Rusafa , Bertolini Eduardo de Freitas , Borgheresi Marcelo Antonio Duva , Joaquim Andrei Fernandes 
Published: February 2018

Study Design.
Systematic literature review and meta-analysis.

Objective.
The objective of this systematic literature review was to evaluate if intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) can prevent neurological injury during spinal operative surgical procedures.

Summary of Background Data.
IONM seems to have presumable positive effects in identifying neurological deficits. However, the role of IONM in the decrease of new neurological deficits remains unclear.

Methods.
Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for systematic reviews and Meta-analysis, we reviewed clinical comparative studies who evaluate the rate of new neurological events in patients who had a spinal surgery with and without IONM. Studies were then classified according to their level of evidence. Methodological quality was assessed according to methodological index for non-randomized studies instrument.

Results.
Six studies were evaluated comparing neurological events with and without IONM use by the random effects model. There was a great statistical heterogeneity. The pooled odds ratio (OR) was 0.72 {0.71; 1.79}, P = 0.4584. A specific analysis was done for two studies reporting the results of IONM for spinal surgery of intramedullary lesions. The OR was 0.1993 (0.0384; 1.0350), P = 0.0550.

Conclusion.
IONM did not result into fewer neurological events with the obtained evidence of the included studies. For intramedullary lesions, there was a trend to fewer neurological events in patients who underwent surgery with IONM. Further prospective randomized studies are necessary to clarify the indications of IONM in spinal surgeries.

Level of Evidence: 2
Development and Validation of a Bioanalytical Method to Quantitate Enzalutamide and its Active Metabolite N-Desmethylenzalutamide in Human Plasma: Application to Clinical Management of Patients With Metastatic Castration–Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Benoist Guillemette E. , van der Meulen Eric , van Oort Inge M. , Beumer Jan H. , Somford Diederik M. , Schalken Jack A. , Burger David M. , van Erp Nielka P. 
Published: February 2018

Background:
Enzalutamide is a potent androgen-signaling receptor inhibitor and is licensed for the treatment of metastatic castration–resistant prostate cancer. N-desmethylenzalutamide is the active metabolite of enzalutamide. A method to quantitate enzalutamide and its active metabolite was developed and validated according to the European Medicine Agency guidelines.

Methods:
Enzalutamide and N-desmethylenzalutamide were extracted by protein precipitation, separated on a C18 column with gradient elution and analyzed with tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry in positive ion mode. A stable deuterated isotope (D6-enzalutamide) was used as an internal standard. The method was tested and stability was studied in real-life patients with metastatic castration–resistant prostate cancer patients treated with enzalutamide.

Results:
The calibration curve covered the range of 500–50,000 ng/mL. Within- and between-day precisions were <8% and accuracies were within 108% for both enzalutamide and N-desmethylenzalutamide. Precisions for lower limit of quantification level were <10% and accuracies within 116% for enzalutamide and N-desmethylenzalutamide. Enzalutamide and N-desmethylenzalutamide stability was proven for 24 hours for whole blood at ambient temperature and 23 days for plasma at both ambient temperature and 2–8°C. Long-term patient plasma stability was shown for 14 months at −40°C.

Conclusions:
This bioanalytical method was successfully validated and applied to determine plasma concentrations of enzalutamide and N-desmethylenzalutamide in clinical studies and in routine patient care.
Assessment of extent and completeness of mesorectal excision for rectal cancer by histopathology and MRI
Authors: Hassan Tajamul , Parray Fazl Q. , Rasool Zubaida , Chowdri Nisar A. , Shaheen Feroze A. , Wani Rauf A. 
Published: February 2018

Introduction:
High quality of total mesorectal excision (TME) surgical technique and critical feedback regarding its completeness by pathologist and a radiologist has been shown to influence the quality of surgery in patients with rectal cancer. In this study, we tried to audit the quality of TME by 2 independent observers, a consultant pathologist and radiologist. TME was performed for all patients with rectal tumors located <12 cm from the anal verge.

Main Outcome Measures:
TME specimens were examined for completeness by experienced single consultant pathologist to avoid interobserver bias. Postoperatively magnetic resonance imaging was done that was interpreted by a single consultant radiologist to avoid interobserver bias in the study.

Discussion:
Of total 103 patients, TME assessment was done in 53 patients. TME was complete in 35 cases (66%), near complete in 14 cases (26%), and incomplete in 4 cases (8%) (P<0.05). Twenty-eight cases were subjected to radiologic assessment of TME. Complete TME was found in 19 (67%) and residual mesorectum was found in 9 (32%). The radiologic findings co-related with pathology findings in these 28 cases as 17 cases were confirmed TME complete by both magnetic resonance imaging and histopathology, 4 cases were confirmed incomplete by both and out of 7 near complete TME by pathology, 2 were labeled as complete on radiology while 5 were labeled as incomplete (P<0.05). Seven (13.2%) cases had positive circumferential resection margin. Distal resection margin was >2 cm in about 81.1%, <2 cm in 15% and involved in 3.7% of cases. The lymph node yield was of 4–21 with an average of 11.5 nodes; with 54.7% having adequate nodal harvest (>12 lymph nodes).

Conclusions:
Pathologist’s and radiologist’s constructive criticism will always help a surgeon to improve his quality of TME.
Mutation Screening of the Krüppel-like Factor 1 Gene in Individuals With Increased Fetal Hemoglobin Referred for Hemoglobinopathy Investigation in South of Iran
Authors: Hamid Mohammad , Ershadi Oskouei Sanaz , Shariati Gholamreza , Babaei Esmaeil , Galehdari Hamid , Saberi Alihossein , Sedaghat Alireza 
Published: February 2018

Background:
Any mutation in the Krüppel-like factor 1 (KLF1) gene may interfere with its proper related function in the erythropoiesis process and lead to alterations in proper activation of its downstream protein through globin switching, which results in an increase in fetal hemoglobin (HbF). This study aimed to investigate whether KLF1 mutation can associate with high level of HbF in individuals with increased fetal hemoglobin referred for screening of hemoglobinopathies in south of Iran.

Materials and Methods:
The human KLF1 gene was amplified via the polymerase chain reaction procedure, and sequencing was used to determine any mutation in these patients. Moreover, XmnI polymorphisms in the position of −158 of γ-globin gene promoter were analyzed in all patients by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism.

Result:
Analysis of sequencing revealed a missense mutation in the KLF1 gene, p.Ser102Pro (c.304T>C), which was detectable in 10 of 23 cases with elevated HbF level. This mutation was only detected in individuals who had a HbF level between 3.1% and 25.6%. Statistical analysis showed that the frequency of C allele is significantly correlated with a high level of HbF (P<0.05). The allele frequency of positive result of XmnI polymorphism in individuals with increased HbF level was also significant, which showed an association with increased HbF level (P<0.05).

Conclusions:
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of p.Ser102Pro (c.304T>C) in the KLF1 gene in β-thalassemia patients with increased level of fetal hemoglobin. According to statistical results of p.Ser102Pro mutation and XmnI polymorphism, it has been strongly suggested that both polymorphisms have an association with increased HbF samples. These nucleotide changes alone may not be the only elements raising the level of HbF, and other regulatory and modifying factors also play a role in HbF production.