bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wind effects on individual male and female Bactrocera jarvisi (Diptera: Tephritidae) tracked using harmonic radar
Authors: Welty Peachey Allysen M , Moses Ethan R , Johnson Adesola J , Lehman Meredith G M , Yoder James M , De Faveri Stefano G , Cheesman Jodie , Manoukis Nicholas C , Siderhurst Matthew S 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Wind affects the movement of most volant insects. While the effects of wind on dispersal are relatively well understood at the population level, how wind influences the movement parameters of individual insects in the wild is less clear. Tephritid fruit flies, such as Bactrocera jarvisi, are major horticultural pests worldwide and while most tephritids are nondispersive when host plants are plentiful, records exist for potentially wind-assisted movements up to 200 km. In this study, harmonic radar (HR) was used to track the movements of both male and female lab-reared B. jarvisi in a papaya field. Overall flight directions were found to be correlated with wind direction, as were the subset of between-tree movements, while within-tree movements were not. Furthermore, the effect of wind direction on fly trajectories varied by step-distance but not strongly with wind speed. Mean path distance, step distance, flight direction, turning angle, and flight propensity did not vary by sex. Both male and female movements are well fit by 2-state hidden Markov models further supporting the observation that B. jarvisi move differently within (short steps with random direction) and between (longer more directional steps) trees. Data on flight directionality and step-distances determined in this study provide parameters for models that may help enhance current surveillance, control, and eradication methods, such as optimizing trap placements and pesticide applications, determining release sites for parasitoids, and setting quarantine boundaries after incursions.
Feasibility validation of automatic diagnosis of mitral valve prolapse from multi-view echocardiographic sequences based on deep neural network
Authors: Wu Zijian , Ge Zhenyi , Ge Zhengdan , Xing Yumeng , Zhao Weipeng , Dong Lili , Wang Yongshi , Kong Dehong , Hu Chunqiang , Liang Yixiu , Chen Haiyan , Xue Wufeng , Pan Cuizhen , Ni Dong , Shu Xianhong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Aims
To address the limitations of traditional diagnostic methods for mitral valve prolapse (MVP), specifically fibroelastic deficiency (FED) and Barlow’s disease (BD), by introducing an automated diagnostic approach utilizing multi-view echocardiographic sequences and deep learning.

Methods and results
An echocardiographic data set, collected from Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, containing apical 2 chambers (A2C), apical 3 chambers (A3C), and apical 4 chambers (A4C) views, was employed to train the deep learning models. We separately trained view-specific and view-agnostic deep neural network models, which were denoted as MVP-VS and MVP view-agonistic (VA), for MVP diagnosis. Diagnostic accuracy, precision, sensitivity, F1-score, and specificity were evaluated for both BD and FED phenotypes. MVP-VS demonstrated an overall diagnostic accuracy of 0.94 for MVP. In the context of BD diagnosis, precision, sensitivity, F1-score, and specificity were 0.83, 1.00, 0.90, and 0.92, respectively. For FED diagnosis, the metrics were 1.00, 0.83, 0.91, and 1.00. MVP-VA exhibited an overall accuracy of 0.95, with BD-specific metrics of 0.85, 1.00, 0.92, and 0.94 and FED-specific metrics of 1.00, 0.83, 0.91, and 1.00. In particular, the MVP-VA model using mixed views for training demonstrated efficient diagnostic performance, eliminating the need for repeated development of MVP-VS models and improving the efficiency of the clinical pipeline by using arbitrary views in the deep learning model.

Conclusion
This study pioneers the integration of artificial intelligence into MVP diagnosis and demonstrates the effectiveness of deep neural networks in overcoming the challenges of traditional diagnostic methods. The efficiency and accuracy of the proposed automated approach suggest its potential for clinical applications in the diagnosis of valvular heart disease.
How to address the coronaries in TAVI candidates: can the need for revascularization be safely determined by CT angiography only?
Authors: Mascherbauer Katharina Theresa Julia , Lamm Gudrun , Kammerlander Andreas Anselm , Will Maximilian , Nitsche Christian , Mousavi Roya Anahita , Demirel Caglayan , Bartko Philipp Emanuel , Schwarz Konstantin , Hengstenberg Christian , Mascherbauer Julia 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains one of the most frequent comorbidities among transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) candidates. Whether routine assessment of CAD by invasive coronary angiography (CA) and eventual peri-procedural percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is generally beneficial in TAVI patients has recently been heavily questioned. CA carries significant risks, such as kidney injury, bleeding, and prolonged hospital stay, and may frequently be unnecessary if significant stenoses of the proximal coronary segments can be ruled out on computed tomography angiography. Moreover, the benefits of pre-emptive coronary revascularization at the time of TAVI are not well defined. Despite these facts and weak guideline recommendations, CA and eventual PCI of stable significant coronary lesions at the time of TAVI remain common practice. However, ongoing randomized trials currently challenge the efficacy of such strategies to enable a more streamlined, individualized, and resource-sparing treatment with TAVI.
No Refuge from Childhood: How Child Protection Harms Refugees
Authors: Viterbo Hedi , Ioffe Yulia 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This article sheds new and critical light on the notion, enshrined in international law, that child refugees are a uniquely vulnerable and dependent age group requiring special protection. Although protection is not inherently detrimental, this conception of child protection often ends up harming refugees of all ages. It casts adult refugees as less vulnerable, less dependent and less deserving of protection than their younger counterparts. It downplays the contextual, relational and socially constructed nature of vulnerability, dependence and childhood. It potentially contributes to the disregard for the capacity and wishes of child refugees. It usually affords these children only temporary protection, thereby increasing their uncertainty, driving them to disengage from welfare services and incentivizing the state to delay decisions about their entitlements. Meanwhile, international law not only places great value on children’s relationships with their parents but also authorizes the punishment of supposedly unfit parents, and this ambivalence helps states weaponize legal principles of child protection against refugee families. What is needed, however, is not for child refugees to be denied protection. Rather, a fundamental reimagining of protection is in order: a shift from hierarchies of vulnerability, dependence and deservingness towards free global movement based on solidarity and equity.
A New Moral World Order: Carl Alexander Simon and the German Colonization of Southern Chile
Authors: Gaete C. Miguel 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This article focuses on overlooked aspects of German colonization in southern Chile by examining the treatise Auswanderung und deutsch-nationale Kolonisation von Süd-Amerika mit besonderer Berücksichtigung des Freistaates Chile (Emigration and German National Colonization of South America with Special Attention to the Free State of Chile) by Carl Alexander Simon. Simon was a Romantic artist who advocated for overseas colonization and settled in Chile to promote his ideas. His treatise, which blended poetry and Romantic rhetoric with political ideas, aimed to encourage German occupation of Chile and South America based on the supposed physical and intellectual superiority of the Germans. This article argues that Simon’s work is integral to understanding the intersection of Romanticism and German colonialism in the nineteenth century and how racial and nationalistic sentiments fuelled German colonialism in remote corners of the world. Furthermore, it contributes to discussions on German nation-building overseas and the connections between German colonialism and race, the legacies of German colonialism, German colonial fantasies, and indigeneity and Germanness. Finally, this study of Simon’s work complements existing research on German settlements in Africa, Asia and the Pacific from 1850 onwards, highlighting the importance of considering the role of Germany in the global colonial project.
Multiome-wide Association Studies: Novel Approaches for Understanding Diseases
Authors: Shao Mengting , Chen Kaiyang , Zhang Shuting , Tian Min , Shen Yan , Cao Chen , Gu Ning 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The rapid development of multiome (transcriptome, proteome, cistrome, imaging, and regulome)-wide association study methods have opened new avenues for biologists to understand the susceptibility genes underlying complex diseases. Thorough comparisons of these methods are essential for selecting the most appropriate tool for a given research objective. This review provides a detailed categorization and summary of the statistical models, use cases, and advantages of recent multiome-wide association studies. In addition, to illustrate gene–disease association studies based on transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS), we collected 478 disease entries across 22 categories from 235 manually reviewed publications. Our analysis reveals that mental disorders are the most frequently studied diseases by TWAS, indicating its potential to deepen our understanding of the genetic architecture of complex diseases. In summary, this review underscores the importance of multiome-wide association studies in elucidating complex diseases and highlights the significance of selecting the appropriate method for each study.
X Factors and Tipping Points in Eviction Cases: A Statistical Analysis of Eviction Litigation of the European Court of Human Rights
Authors: Bruijn Michelle 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study is the first to statistically analyse all eviction case law of the European Court of Human Rights up to 2024. It examines the impact of various case characteristics, such as the type of tenure, the reason for eviction and the involvement of vulnerable people, with a specific focus on the role of ownership and property rights. The study evaluates whether evicted homeowners have a higher success rate compared to non-owners, as they can invoke both Article 8 and Article 1 of Protocol No. 1. Additionally, it investigates whether landmark cases like McCann v the United Kingdom and F.J.M. v the United Kingdom serve as ‘tipping points’ that significantly altered the Court’s jurisprudence. The findings highlight the substantial influence of the McCann case on subsequent eviction rulings and reveal that being a tenant in the public rental sector significantly increases the likelihood of the Court finding a violation of Article 8.
Treatment of concomitant persistent chylothorax and superior vena cava syndrome through innominate vein-right atrial bypass
Authors: Şişli Emrah , Tarhan Arzu Funda , Kıral Eylem , Bozan Gürkan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Persistent chylothorax is a major challenge in paediatric patients. We present a case of a 6.5 kg, 1-year-old boy with superior vena cava syndrome and persistent chylothorax who underwent successful surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass. His medical history included multiple comorbidities such as myeloproliferative disease, short bowel syndrome and central vein catheterizations. The patient also had innominate vein thrombosis, progressing to superior vena cava, and was on anticoagulants. Despite dietary changes and somatostatin, his high-output chylous pleural effusion persisted. He was treated with innominate vein-to-right atrial bypass using a 6-mm Dacron graft. Postoperatively, there was a significant reduction in effusion and accelerated recovery. Somatostatin failure was likely due to mechanical obstruction of the thoracic duct.
Methodology Matters: Emplotting Interpretivism in Contemporary Political Science and International Studies
Authors: Harris Christina V , Radomski Julie 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The visibility and adoption of interpretive research approaches in the post-Perestroika period have increased in the United States, yet common knowledge within political science (PS) and international studies (IS) departments still signals their marginality. This paper stems from the observation that interpretive scholars often share autobiographical narratives or “journey stories” describing how they came to embrace interpretive research despite socio-institutional obstacles. Based on semi-structured interviews and participant observation, it asks: What do the journey stories of both new and established scholars engaged in interpretivism reveal about the sociology of PS and IS academies? Our findings reveal a widespread perception that interpretivism is gaining a foothold in the United States while intimating the spread of neopositivist hegemony, to some degree, to academies abroad. We show how scholars make use of the label “interpretivism” and identify key diffusion pathways responsible for interpretivism’s wider recognition today. In addition, we find that despite shared assumptions of neopositivist hegemony, our interlocutors pursue interpretive research because it provides them with epistemological and experiential congruence. Their journey stories, we argue, point toward an evolving methodological landscape in PS and IS, which in turn shapes what forms of knowledge production are considered legitimate and valuable.
Gene editing technology combined with response surface optimization to improve the synthesis ability of lycopene in Pantoea dispersa MSC14
Authors: Lai La , Xin Run , Cui Tangbing 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Aim
The aim of this study is to engineer Pantoea dispersa MSC14 into a strain capable of producing lycopene and to enhance its lycopene content.

Methods and results
Our laboratory isolated the strain P. dispersa MSC14 from petroleum-contaminated soil in a mining area. Whole-genome sequencing confirmed the existence of a carotenoid synthesis pathway in this strain. This study employed an optimized CRISPR/Cas9 system to perform a traceless gene knockout of the lycopene cyclase gene crtY and to overexpress the octahydrolycopene dehydrogenase gene crtI in the P. dispersa MSC14. This strategic genetic modification successfully constructed the lycopene-producing strain MSC14-LY, which exhibited a notable lycopene content with a biomass productivity of 553 μg of lycopene per gram dry cell weight (DCW). Additionally, the components of the lycopene fermentation medium were optimized using Plackett–Burman design and response surface methodology. The average lycopene content was increased to 5.13 mg g −1 DCW in the optimized LY fermentation medium. Through genetic engineering, P. dispersa MSC14 was transformed into a strain capable of producing lycopene, achieving a yield of 5.13 mg g−1 DCW after medium optimization.

Conclusions
Genetic engineering successfully transformed P. dispersa MSC14 into a strain capable of producing lycopene, achieving a yield of 5.13 mg g−1 DCW after medium optimization.
Decoding disparities: evaluating automatic speech recognition system performance in transcribing Black and White patient verbal communication with nurses in home healthcare
Authors: Zolnoori Maryam , Vergez Sasha , Xu Zidu , Esmaeili Elyas , Zolnour Ali , Anne Briggs Krystal , Scroggins Jihye Kim , Hosseini Ebrahimabad Seyed Farid , Noble James M , Topaz Maxim , Bakken Suzanne , Bowles Kathryn H , Spens Ian , Onorato Nicole , Sridharan Sridevi , McDonald Margaret V 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objectives
As artificial intelligence evolves, integrating speech processing into home healthcare (HHC) workflows is increasingly feasible. Audio-recorded communications enhance risk identification models, with automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems as a key component. This study evaluates the transcription accuracy and equity of 4 ASR systems—Amazon Web Services (AWS) General, AWS Medical, Whisper, and Wave2Vec—in transcribing patient-nurse communication in US HHC, focusing on their ability in accurate transcription of speech from Black and White English-speaking patients.

Materials and Methods
We analyzed audio recordings of patient-nurse encounters from 35 patients (16 Black and 19 White) in a New York City-based HHC service. Overall, 860 utterances were available for study, including 475 drawn from Black patients and 385 from White patients. Automatic speech recognition performance was measured using word error rate (WER), benchmarked against a manual gold standard. Disparities were assessed by comparing ASR performance across racial groups using the linguistic inquiry and word count (LIWC) tool, focusing on 10 linguistic dimensions, as well as specific speech elements including repetition, filler words, and proper nouns (medical and nonmedical terms).

Results
The average age of participants was 67.8 years (SD = 14.4). Communication lasted an average of 15 minutes (range: 11-21 minutes) with a median of 1186 words per patient. Of 860 total utterances, 475 were from Black patients and 385 from White patients. Amazon Web Services General had the highest accuracy, with a median WER of 39%. However, all systems showed reduced accuracy for Black patients, with significant discrepancies in LIWC dimensions such as “Affect,” “Social,” and “Drives.” Amazon Web Services Medical performed best for medical terms, though all systems have difficulties with filler words, repetition, and nonmedical terms, with AWS General showing the lowest error rates at 65%, 64%, and 53%, respectively.

Discussion
While AWS systems demonstrated superior accuracy, significant disparities by race highlight the need for more diverse training datasets and improved dialect sensitivity. Addressing these disparities is critical for ensuring equitable ASR performance in HHC settings and enhancing risk prediction models through audio-recorded communication.
Chromosome-level genome of Osmia excavata (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) provides insights into low-temperature tolerance of Osmia pollinator
Authors: Ouyang Fang , Guo Honggang , Xie Wen , Song Yingying , Yan Zhuo , Peng Zhenqing , Zhang Yongsheng , Qu Ritao , Xin Huaigen , Yuan Zheming , Xiao Zhishu , Men Xingyuan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The solitary bee Osmia excavata (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) is a key pollinator managed on a large scale. It has been widely used for commercial pollination of fruit trees, vegetables, and other crops with high efficiency in increasing the crop seeding rate, yield, and seed quality in Northern hemisphere. Here, a high-quality chromosome-level genome of O. excavata was generated using PacBio sequencing along with Hi-C technology. The genome size was 207.02 Mb, of which 90.25% of assembled sequences were anchored to 16 chromosomes with a contig N50 of 9,485 kb. Approximately 186.83 Mb, accounting for 27.93% of the genome, was identified as repeat sequences. The genome comprises 12,259 protein-coding genes, 96.24% of which were functionally annotated. Comparative genomics analysis suggested that the common ancestor of O. excavata and Osmia bicornis (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) lived 8.54 million years ago. Furthermore, cytochrome P450 family might be involved in the responses of O. excavata to low-temperature stress. Taken together, the chromosome-level genome assembly of O. excavata provides in-depth knowledge and will be a helpful resource for the pollination biology research.
Subterranean termites (Coptotermes formosanus [Blattodea: Rhinotermitidae]) colonies can readily intercept commercial inground bait stations placed at label-prescribed distance
Authors: Gazdick Kaitlin , Lee Sang-Bin , Mizumoto Nobuaki , Chouvenc Thomas , Su Nan-Yao 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, is both an economically impactful pest and a successful invader. One method of subterranean termite control is baiting. According to the label, baits are installed surrounding the structure at a uniform interval distance of ≈3 m. However, homeowners and pest control professionals are often concerned that termites may bypass bait stations and have access to the structure. To address this concern, we experimentally duplicated field conditions using a large planar arena (3.6 m × 1.1 m) to study the optimal distribution of bait stations based on colony-wide foraging activity. We installed 2 bait stations 3 m apart as per label instructions and introduced C. formosanus colonies to allow them to explore the arena by tunneling through the sand. In this real-scale arena, all termite colonies intercepted a bait station in an average of 21 (± 8 SD) days. We assumed that termites could find bait faster if there were more bait stations by overlaying additional hypothetical baits closer than per label instruction, but the improvement was incremental, requiring 4 times more stations (0.45 m interval) to obtain a significant difference. We also revealed the characteristic behavior after intercepting bait stations, termites created a burst of tunnels that radiated from the bait station. These branching tunnels averaged 16 cm in length, suggesting immediate interceptions of additional auxiliary stations placed within 16 cm of an active station. These findings contribute to our understanding on how subterranean termites intercept inground bait stations.
Focal granule cell bilamination of the dentate gyrus—its prevalence across the human age spectrum and review of the literature
Authors: Machaalani Rita , Rodriguez Michael , Vivekanandarajah Arunnjah 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The prevalence of focal granule cell bilamination (FGCB) in the hippocampal dentate gyrus varies from 0% to 44%, depending on age and study population. FGCB is commonly thought to be a specific feature of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) but its prevalence in cases without TLE is unclear. Using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded hippocampal sections, this retrospective postmortem study evaluated the prevalence of FGCB and other granule cell pathologies in infants (1-12 months of age, n = 16), children (4-10 years, n = 6), and adults (28-91 years, n = 15) with no known history of epilepsy or seizures. We found FGCB in 6% of infants, 17% of children, and 27% of adults. We then compared our findings with those in published reports of sudden unexpected deaths in infancy (SUDI), childhood (SUDC), and epilepsy (SUDEP), and in surgical specimens from patients with TLE. The reported prevalence of FGCB in those studies was 6%-19% in infants, 0%-17% in children, and 0%-2% in adults in non-seizure-related cases and 9% in children and 3%-25% in adults with TLE. Our findings highlight the presence of FGCB in individuals with no known epilepsy/seizure-related histories in proportions similar to those reported in individuals with clinical epilepsy.