bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Position and Velocity Estimation Using TOA and FOA Based on Lagrange Programming Neural Network
Authors: Jia C , Yin J , Yang Z , Zhang L 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This paper addresses the problem of estimating the position and velocity of a moving source utilizing the time-of-arrival (TOA) and frequency-of-arrival (FOA) measurements. Since the concerned estimation problem is highly non-linear and non-convex, we propose to utilize a novel neural circuit, namely the Lagrange programming neural network (LPNN) framework, to solve this problem. LPNN equips the abilities of fast convergence and the robustness of resisting high noise level, and thus these two advantages have drawn much attention for it recently. Since LPNN is able to solve the optimization problem with constraint, we first reformulate the original non-linear and non-convex maximum likelihood (ML) problem by introducing additional variables and constraints, and thus a neural network is built up based on the LPNN framework. Subsequently, the convergence and stability of the proposed neural network is mathematically proved and then verified by the results of numerical experiments. Different from the conventional numerical algorithms, the analog neural network can be utilized to fulfil the task of real-time calculation, especially when there are limited computation resources in some applications. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed LPNN model equips the basic properties of convergence and stability, and also show the superior localization accuracy of the proposed method than other numerical algorithms.
Network Traffic Anomaly Detection Based on Incremental Possibilistic Clustering Algorithm
Authors: Tian-yi Yang , Shi-yue Liu , Jun-yi Liu 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This paper proposed a Mahalanobis distance based Incremental Possibilistic Clustering (IPC) algorithm to detect abnormal flow. Firstly, the attributes of network flow is extracted by damped incremental statistics. Then the model of normal traffic will be generated by IPC algorithm. To extract the model of high-dimensional data without pre-known number of cluster centers, the algorithm gradually choose outliers as new clustering centers and merges the overlapping clustering centers. Finally, the data that doesn’t belong to any normal model is regarded as abnormal data. By using the Mahalanobis distance instead of the traditional Euclidean distance, the defect that the possibilistic clustering tends to find the features of hypersphere is solved. The experiments show that this method can distinguish normal flow and abnormal flow effectively and reaches the detection rate of 98%.
An Approach Combined the Faster RCNN and Mobilenet for Logo Detection
Authors: Mudumbi Terry , Bian Naizheng , Zhang Yiyi , Hazoume Florian 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Although deep learning object detection tools such as Faster Recurrent Convolution Neural Network (Faster R-CNN) has demonstrated good performances in object detection, they also have a limited success rate for some applications. It is due to the lack of refinedness of feature maps for accurate localization, the insensitivity for small scale objects and fixed-window feature extraction in Region Proposal Network (RPN). In this paper, we performed a meticulous examination of both the proposal and the classification process by evaluating the adequacy of feature representations from different stages of the feature sequencing. We presented an approach to improve the Regional Proposal Network (RPN) by appropriate anchors selection, and proposed a modification by combining Faster R-CNN and MobileNet which influences higher-resolution feature maps for mobile devices. The results demonstrate that Faster R-CNN architecture with MobileNet has the best detection accuracy. The experiment result showed that we managed to achieve a final accuracy of 92.4% on a NVIDIA GeForce Gtx 1070 compare to previous work that achieved 90.8% of accuracy and found that our models performed well at the detection, with very low false positive rates possible for a fairly reasonably.
Improved Fast Adaptive IDW Interpolation Algorithm based on the Borehole Data Sample Characteristic and Its Application
Authors: Sun Liming , Wei Yingqi , Cai Hong , Yan Jun , Xiao Jianzhang 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The inverse distance weighted algorithm (IDW) is one of the most widely used algorithms in geoscience calculation based on its university and simple theory. However, in the practical application based on borehole sampling data, the distance between boreholes is further than the sampling distance along the bedding direction of one borehole, and it needs to search all the near points through a large number of distance calculation, and the process is very slow, so this lacks practicality in the spatial interpolation of the large amount and non-uniform distribution data. Based on the special features of the borehole sampling data, this paper presents a fast adaptive and improved inverse distance weighted interpolation method. And firstly the sample point position could be indexed by the adaptive cube grid raster, then determine the index grid in the horizontal and vertical directions of the interpolation point, and combine these grids for the finally IDW calculation, which significantly improves the search speed of the adjacent interpolation calculation points. It can improve the engineering applicability of the IDW method, especially the three-dimensional spatial interpolation and computing has a good application prospect.
Reducing deforestation and improving livestock productivity: greenhouse gas mitigation potential of silvopastoral systems in Caquetá
Authors: Landholm David M , Pradhan Prajal , Wegmann Peter , Sánchez Miguel A Romero , Salazar Juan Carlos Suárez , Kropp Juergen P 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Colombia's agriculture, forestry and other land use sector accounts for nearly half of its total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The importance of smallholder deforestation is comparatively high in relation to its regional counterparts, and livestock agriculture represents the largest driver of primary forest depletion. Silvopastoral systems (SPSs) are presented as agroecological solutions that synergistically enhance livestock productivity, improve local farmers’ livelihoods and hold the potential to reduce pressure on forest conversion. The department of Caquetá represents Colombia’s most important deforestation hotspot. Targeting smallholder livestock farms through survey data, in this work we investigate the GHG mitigation potential of implementing SPSs for smallholder farms in this region. Specifically, we assess whether the carbon sequestration taking place in the soil and biomass of SPSs is sufficient to offset the per-hectare increase in livestock GHG emissions resulting from higher stocking rates. To address these questions we use data on livestock population characteristics and historic land cover changes reported from a survey covering 158 farms and model the carbon sequestration occurring in three different scenarios of progressively-increased SPS complexity using the CO2 fix model. We find that, even with moderate tree planting densities, the implementation of SPSs can reduce GHG emissions by 2.6 Mg CO2e ha−1 yr−1 in relation to current practices, while increasing agriculture productivity and contributing to the restoration of severely degraded landscapes.
Tropical deforestation drivers and associated carbon emission factors derived from remote sensing data
Authors: De Sy V , Herold M , Achard F , Avitabile V , Baccini A , Carter S , Clevers J G P W , Lindquist E , Pereira Maria , Verchot L 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, and enhancing carbon stocks (REDD+) is a crucial component of global climate change mitigation. Remote sensing can provide continuous and spatially explicit above-ground biomass (AGB) estimates, which can be valuable for the quantification of carbon stocks and emission factors (EFs). Unfortunately, there is little information on the fate of the land following tropical deforestation and of the associated carbon stock. This study quantified post-deforestation land use across the tropics for the period 1990–2000. This dataset was then combined with a pan-tropical AGB map at 30 m resolution to refine EFs from forest conversion by matching deforestation areas with their carbon stock before and after clearing and to assess spatial dynamics of EFs by follow-up land use. In Latin America, pasture was the most common follow-up land use (72%), with large-scale cropland (11%) a distant second. In Africa deforestation was often followed by small-scale cropping (61%) with a smaller role for pasture (15%). In Asia, small-scale cropland was the dominant agricultural follow-up land use (35%), closely followed by tree crops (28%). Deforestation often occurred in forests with lower than average carbon stocks. EFs showed high spatial variation within eco-zones and countries. While our EFs are only representative for the studied time period, our results show that EFs are mainly determined by the initial forest carbon stock. The estimates of the fraction of carbon lost were less dependent on initial forest biomass, which offers opportunities for REDD+ countries to use these fractions in combination with recent good quality national forest biomass maps or inventory data to quantify emissions from specific forest conversions. Our study highlights that the co-location of data on forest loss, biomass and fate of the land provides more insight into the spatial dynamics of land-use change and can help in attributing carbon emissions to human activities.
Socratic literature and the Socratic problem
Authors: Taylor C. C. W. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
‘Socratic literature and the Socratic problem’ asks what access sources give us to the historical Socrates. The only Socratic literature known to have been written before Socrates’ death is comedy, which provides a contemporary caricature. Various authors produced ‘Socratic conversations’, commemorating Socrates and defending his memory against the charges made at the trial and against hostile accounts. The Socratic writings of Xenophon and Plato’s Socratic dialogues are the only bodies of Socratic literature to have survived complete. In Plato’s portrayal of Socrates there is no sharp line to be drawn between ‘the historical Socrates’ and ‘the Platonic Socrates’ who assumes the depersonalized role of spokesman for Plato’s philosophy.
COMBAT-TB-NeoDB: fostering tuberculosis research through integrative analysis using graph database technologies
Authors: Lose Thoba , van Heusden Peter , Christoffels Alan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMotivationRecent advancements in genomic technologies have enabled high throughput cost-effective generation of ‘omics’ data from M.tuberculosis (M.tb) isolates, which then gets shared via a number of heterogeneous publicly available biological databases. Albeit useful, fragmented curation negatively impacts the researcher’s ability to leverage the data via federated queries.ResultsWe present Combat-TB-NeoDB, an integrated M.tb ‘omics’ knowledge-base. Combat-TB-NeoDB is based on Neo4j and was created by binding the labeled property graph model to a suitable ontology namely Chado. Combat-TB-NeoDB enables researchers to execute complex federated queries by linking prominent biological databases, and supplementary M.tb variants data from published literature.Availability and implementationThe Combat-TB-NeoDB (https://neodb.sanbi.ac.za) repository and all tools mentioned in this manuscript are freely available at https://github.com/COMBAT-TB.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Insulin-like growth factor-I prevents hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha-dependent G1/S arrest by activating cyclin E/cyclin-dependent kinase2 via the phoshatidylinositol-3 kinase/AKT/forkhead box O1/Cdkn1b pathway in porcine granulosa cells†
Authors: Li Chengyu , Liu Zhaojun , Zhou Jiaqi , Meng Xueqin , Liu Shuo , Li Weijian , Zhang Xue , Zhou Jilong , Yao Wang , Dong Chao , Cao Yan , Li Rongyang , Chen Baobao , Jiang Aiwen , Jiang Yi , Ning Caibo , Zhao Fang , Wei Yinghui , Sun Shao-chen , Tao Jingli , Wu Wangjun , Shen Ming , Liu Honglin 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
As the follicle develops, the thickening of the granulosa compartment leads to progressively deficient supply of oxygen in granulosa cells (GCs) due to the growing distances from the follicular vessels. These conditions are believed to cause hypoxia in GCs during folliculogenesis. Upon hypoxic conditions, several types of mammalian cells have been reported to undergo cell cycle arrest. However, it remains unclear whether hypoxia exerts any impact on cell cycle progression of GCs. On the other hand, although the GCs may live in a hypoxic environment, their mitotic capability appears to be unaffected in growing follicles. It thus raises the question whether there are certain intraovarian factors that might overcome the inhibitory effects of hypoxia. The present study provides the first evidence suggesting that cobalt chloride (CoCl2)-mimicked hypoxia prevented G1-to-S cell cycle progression in porcine GCs. In addition, we demonstrated that the inhibitory effects of CoCl2 on GCs cell cycle are mediated through hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha/FOXO1/Cdkn1b pathway. Moreover, we identified insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) as an intrafollicular factor required for cell cycle recovery by binding to IGF-I receptor in GCs suffering CoCl2 stimulation. Further investigations confirmed a role of IGF-I in preserving G1/S progression of CoCl2-treated GCs via activating the cyclin E/cyclin-dependent kinase2 complex through the phoshatidylinositol-3 kinase/protein kinase B (AKT)/FOXO1/Cdkn1b axis. Although the present findings were based on a hypoxia mimicking model by using CoCl2, our study might shed new light on the regulatory mechanism of GCs cell cycle upon hypoxic stimulation.
Cytogenetic evidence for a new genus of Triticeae (Poaceae) endemic to the Iberian Peninsula: description and comparison with related genera
Authors: Lucía Víctor , Rico Enrique , Anamthawat-Jónsson Kesara , Martínez-Ortega M Montserrat 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThinopyrum curvifolium, a halo-gypsophyte endemic to the Iberian Peninsula, has an uncertain cytogenetic composition. Moreover, it is often confused with other species of the genus due to morphological resemblance. In this study, we analyse its genomic composition using in situ hybridization and study lodicule morphology and foliar anatomy, to identify distinguishing traits of the species in comparison with the remaining representatives of Thinopyrum in the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands. In situ hybridization data support the genomic formula 2n = 4x = 28, EbP. Lodicule morphology and foliar anatomy proved helpful in characterizing the species. These new discoveries, in addition to the macromorphological data compiled, support the contentions that (1) T. curvifolium should be segregated from Thinopyrum sensu D.R.Dewey, and (2) a new cytogenetically based genus should be proposed in order to classify the species properly according to the cytogenetically based criteria traditionally proposed for the classification of Triticeae. Therefore, we hereby propose a new genus named Pauneroa gen. nov., including the new nomenclatural combination Pauneroa curvifolia comb. nov., and provide a detailed iconography of the plant, macroscopically comparing the genus with closely related genera.
The Stability Study of Thermodynamic Parameters of Sorption of Light Hydrocarbons on Poly [Trimethylsilyl (Propyn-1)] at Different Temperatures
Authors: Shiryaeva V E , Korolev A A , Popova T P , Kanateva A Y , Kurganov A A 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Chromatographic determination of the thermodynamic parameters of sorption for light hydrocarbons retention on a stationary phase based on poly [trimethylsilyl (propyn-1)] (PTMSP) was performed and the effect of column preheating at temperatures up to 260°C on the retention of analytes was investigated. It was shown that heating the column to 130°C does not affect the retention of the analytes. At temperatures above 130°C, the gradual decrease of the retention of analytes on PTMSP stationary phase is observed. The process is non-selective and proceeds at the same extent for all the studied hydrocarbons, regardless of the size and geometry of the molecule. Values of enthalpy and entropy of sorption of light hydrocarbons are determined for the original column and after its aging at 200°C. The enthalpy of sorption of the analytes at the PTMSP phase is practically independent on the heating temperature of the PTMSP phase, whereas the loss of entropy increases after heating. The increase of the entropy factor after the heating of the PTMSP stationary phase is associated with its aging and is confirmed by the construction of compensation functions for treated and untreated columns.
Comprehensive autophagy evaluation in cardiac disease models
Authors: Kaludercic Nina , Maiuri Maria Chiara , Kaushik Susmita , Fernández Álvaro F , de Bruijn Jenny , Castoldi Francesca , Chen Yun , Ito Jumpei , Mukai Risa , Murakawa Tomokazu , Nah Jihoon , Pietrocola Federico , Saito Toshiro , Sebti Salwa , Semenzato Martina , Tsansizi Lorenza , Sciarretta Sebastiano , Madrigal-Matute Julio 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Autophagy is a highly conserved recycling mechanism essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis. The pathophysiological role of autophagy has been explored since its discovery 50 years ago, but interest in autophagy has grown exponentially over the last years. Many researchers around the globe have found that autophagy is a critical pathway involved in the pathogenesis of cardiac diseases. Several groups have created novel and powerful tools for gaining deeper insights into the role of autophagy in the aetiology and development of pathologies affecting the heart. Here, we discuss how established and emerging methods to study autophagy can be used to unravel the precise function of this central recycling mechanism in the cardiac system.
Constructing data-derived family histories using electronic health records from a single healthcare delivery system
Authors: Leventer-Roberts Maya , Gofer Ilan , Barak Corren Yuval , Reis Ben Y , Balicer Ran 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
In order to examine the potential clinical value of integrating family history information directly from the electronic health records of patients’ family members, the electronic health records of individuals in Clalit Health Services, the largest payer/provider in Israel, were linked with the records of their parents.

Methods
We describe the results of a novel approach for creating data-derived family history information for 2 599 575 individuals, focusing on three chronic diseases: asthma, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes.

Results
In our cohort, there were 256 598 patients with asthma, 55 309 patients with CVD and 66 324 patients with diabetes. Of the people with asthma, CVD or diabetes, the percentage that also had a family history of the same disease was 22.0%, 70.8% and 70.5%, respectively.

Conclusions
Linking individuals’ health records with their data-derived family history has untapped potential for supporting diagnostic and clinical decision-making.
Nudging the Powerful: Reflecting on How to Make Organisations Comply with Environmental Regulation
Authors: Lawton Amy 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This article argues that there is a role for nudging the powerful in the environmental sphere. Like humans, businesses and organisations are not rational. Like humans, this could be exploited using choice architecture (more commonly known as ‘nudging’). Drawing on an empirical study of the Carbon Reduction Commitment (CRC), this article will explore how social norms can be used to shape organisational behaviour, with a view towards ‘nudging’ them towards more environmentally friendly behaviour. More specifically, social norms can be used to encourage collaboration or competition between regulatees, provided a connection to reputation can be made.
The Serotonin Brainstem Hypothesis for the Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
Authors: Kinney Hannah C , Haynes Robin L 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is the leading cause of postneonatal infant mortality in the United States today, with an overall rate of 0.39/1000 live births. It is defined as the sudden and unexpected death of an infant &lt;12 months of age that remains unexplained after a complete autopsy, death scene investigation, and review of the clinical history. The serotonin brainstem hypothesis has been a leading hypothesis for SIDS over the last 2 decades. Our laboratory has studied this hypothesis over time with a variety of tissue techniques, including tissue receptor autoradiography, high performance liquid chromatography, Western blot analysis, immunocytochemistry, and proteomics. The purpose of this article is to review the progress in our laboratory toward supporting this hypothesis. We conclude that an important subset of SIDS infants has serotonergic abnormalities resulting from a “core lesion” in the medullary reticular formation comprised of nuclei that contain serotonin neurons. This lesion could lead to a failure of protective brainstem responses to homeostatic challenges during sleep in a critical developmental period which cause sleep-related sudden death.
Hepatic rupture in HELLP syndrome
Authors: Moura Catarina , Amaral Luís , Mendes Joana , Quintanilha Rui , Bento Francisco Melo , Leite Maria Inês , Melo António 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
HELLP syndrome is a rare complication of pregnancy that may result in serious consequences such as hepatic rupture, one of the most feared and potentially life-threatening complications. This article aims to carry out a literature review on hepatic rupture in the context of HELLP syndrome as well as to present two clinical cases.
Cutaneous metastases as a presenting sign of metastatic NSCLC
Authors: McSweeney William T , Tan Kimberley 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Cutaneous metastases are rare and often late signs of an internal malignancy; however, this can be the presenting sign in very rare cases. These typically have a characteristic appearance and distribution based on the underlying malignancy but can be difficult to distinguish from other malignant or benign dermatoses. We report a case of a 69-year-old female who presented for elective excision of two cutaneous, fast-growing lesions on the chest wall. The patient’s past medical history is significant for a 45-pack-year smoking history. Pre-operative chest radiograph revealed a right upper lobe mass, with the lesions ultimately representing cutaneous metastases of a non-small-cell lung cancer. Although cutaneous metastases have been reported, difficulty remains in distinguishing other causes of cutaneous lesions from cutaneous metastases in the predominantly asymptomatic patient.