bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LARANGAN KLAUSUL EKSONERASI SEBAGAI UPAYA PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP KONSUMEN
Authors: Annurdi Annurdi 
Published: September 2018

Dalam sebuah perjanjian baku, isi dari perjanjian tersebut hanya ditentukan oleh satu pihak saja, sehingga dimungkinkan adanya pencantuman klausula ekonerasi yang merugikan pihak yang lain dalam hal ini adalah konsumen. Sehingga diperlukan adanya regulasi dan pengawasan terhadap hal tersebut dalam rangka terwujudnya perlindungan terhadap konsumen. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis normatif, dimana data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini antara lain peraturan perundang-undangan, dokumen-dokumen dan tulisan-tulisan yang berkaitan dengan permasalahan yang diteliti. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa pencantuman klausula eksonerasi dalam sebuah perjanjian baku merupakan tindakan yang dilarang berdasarkan Pasal 18 Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen dalam rangka mengupayakan adanya perlindungan hukum terhadap konsumen.
FENOMENA BANYAKNYA WARGA NEGARA ASING YANG MASUK KE WILAYAH RI TANPA DILENGKAPI DOKUMEN RESMI (Studi Di Rumah Detensi Imigrasi Pontianak)
Authors: Yuliastini Anita , Arabiyah Hj. Syarifah 
Published: September 2018

Pergolakan di Timur Tengah karena perang saudara yang tiada hentinya, sehingga banyak warga negara Afganistan yang akhirnya mengungsi ke negara lain untuk mencari penghidupan yang damai. Namun terkadang imigran tersebut nekad masuk ke negara lain tanpa dilengkapi dokumen-dokumen yang sah/resmi. Tidak sedikit para pencari suaka ini masuk ke wilayah Indonesia dan tidak memiliki dokumen-dokumen resmi (tanpa paspor). Para pencari suaka tersebut ditampung atau ditahan di Rumah Detensi Imigrasi yang mana Rudenim tersebut merupakan unit pelaksanan teknis yang berada di bawah nauangan Direktorat Jenderal Imigrasi Indonesia.
NILAI-NILAI KEARIFAN LOKAL HUKUM ADAT DALAM HUKUM TANAH NASIONAL
Authors: Utomo Setyo 
Published: September 2018

Memperhatikan ketentuan Pasal 5 UUPA dan Penjelasan Umum angka III (1) UUPA dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa : Hukum Agraria yang berlaku atas bumi, air dan ruang angkasa ialah hukum adat, sepanjang tidak bertentangan dengan kepentingan nasional dan negara. Hukum Adat yang dijadikan Dasar Hukum Tanah Nasional adalah hukum aslinya golongan rakyat pribumi. Adapun nilai-nilai kearifan lokal hukum adat yang dijadikan dasar dalam pembangunan Hukum Tanah Nasional, meliputi : konsepsi hukum adat tentang tanah, asas-asas hukum adat atas tanah, dan lembaga-lembaga hukum adat yang berkaitan dengan perbuatan hukum di mana tanah sebagai obyeknya.
TANTANGAN YANG DIHADAPI PEREMPUAN DI INDONESIA: Meretas Ketidakadilan Gender
Authors: Panjaitan Arip Ambulan , Purba Charlyna S. 
Published: September 2018

Negara memiliki tanggung jawab untuk melindungi perempuan sebagai warga negara untuk dapat menikmati hak asasi dan kebebasan dasarnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui masalah yang dihadapi perempuan di Indonesia terkait ketidakadilan gender dan payung hukum yang akan mewujudkan keadilan gender di Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan tipe yuridis normatif (dogmatic legal research) yakni mencari kebenaran dalam ilmu hukum dengan melihat peraturan-peraturan yang tertulis menjadi objek utama kajiannya. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa masalah yang dihadapi perempuan terkait ketidakadilan gender diantaranya hak integritas fisik, hak atas pemilihan jodoh, hak dalam melakukan hubungan seksual, hak menentukan kelahiran dan hak atas pelayanan aborsi yang aman serta masalah perempuan dalam pemerintahan (perwakilan parlemen).Terkait penegakan peraturan perundang-undangan di bidang gender di Indonesia, maka seluruh peraturan perundang-undangan yang mengatur terkait persamaan hak perempuan dan laki-laki diharapkan mampu menjadi pendorong perubahan ketidakadilan gender ke arah perwujudan keadilan gender.
Distribution of Velocity Gradient Orientations: Mapping Magnetization with the Velocity Gradient Technique
Authors: Lazarian A. , Yuen Ka Ho , Ho Ka Wai , Chen Junda , Lazarian Victor , Lu Zekun , Yang Bo , Hu Yue 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Recent developments of the velocity gradient technique (VGT) show that the velocity gradients provide a reliable tracing of the magnetic field direction in turbulent plasmas. In this paper, we explore the ability of velocity gradients to measure the magnetization of the interstellar medium. We demonstrate that the distribution of velocity gradient orientations provides a reliable estimation of the magnetization of the media. In particular, we determine the relation between Alfvénic Mach number M
A in the range of

and properties of the velocity gradient distribution, namely, with the dispersion of velocity gradient orientation as well as with the peak-to-base ratio of the amplitudes. We apply our technique to a selected GALFA-H i region and find the results consistent with the expected behavior of M
A. Using 3D magnetohydrodynamic simulations, we successfully compare the results with our new measure of magnetization that is based on the dispersion of starlight polarization. We demonstrate that combined with the velocity dispersion along the line-of-sight direction, our technique is capable of delivering the magnetic field strength. The new technique opens a way to measure magnetization using other gradient measures, such as synchrotron intensity gradients and synchrotron polarization gradients.
Chemical Compositions of Evolved Stars from Near-infrared IGRINS High-resolution Spectra. I. Abundances in Three Red Horizontal Branch Stars
Authors: Afşar Melike , Sneden Christopher , Wood Michael P. , Lawler James E. , Bozkurt Zeynep , Topcu Gamze Böcek , Mace Gregory N. , Kim Hwihyun , Jaffe Daniel T. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
We have derived elemental abundances of three field red horizontal branch stars using high-resolution (R ≃ 45,000), high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N ≳ 200) H- and K-band spectra obtained with the Immersion Grating Infrared Spectrograph (IGRINS). We have determined the abundances of 21 elements, including α (Mg, Si, Ca, S), odd-Z (Na, Al, P, K), Fe-group (Sc, Ti, Cr, Co, Ni), neutron-capture (Ce, Nd, Yb), CNO-group elements. S, P, and K are determined for the first time in these stars. H- and K-band spectra provide a substantial number of S i lines, which potentially can lead to a more robust exploration of the role of sulfur in the cosmochemical evolution of the Galaxy. We have also derived 12C/13C ratios from synthetic spectra of the first-overtone 12CO (2–0) and (3–1) and 13CO (2–0) lines near 23440 Å and 13CO (3–1) lines at about 23730 Å. Comparison of our results with the ones obtained from the optical region suggests that the IGRINS high-resolution H- and K-band spectra offer more internally self-consistent line abundances of the same species for several elements, especially the α-elements. This in turn provides more reliable abundances for the elements with analytical difficulties in the optical spectral range.
A New Measurement of the Temperature–density Relation of the IGM from Voigt Profile Fitting
Authors: Hiss Hector , Walther Michael , Hennawi Joseph F. , Oñorbe José , O’Meara John M. , Rorai Alberto , Lukić Zarija 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
We decompose the Lyman-α (Lyα) forest of an extensive sample of 75 high signal-to-noise ratio and high-resolution quasar spectra into a collection of Voigt profiles. Absorbers located near caustics in the peculiar velocity field have the smallest Doppler parameters, resulting in a low-b cutoff in the b–

distribution set primarily by the thermal state of the intergalactic medium (IGM). We fit this cutoff as a function of redshift over the range

, which allows us to measure the evolution of the IGM temperature–density (

) relation parameters T
0 and γ. We calibrate our measurements against mock Lyα forest data generated using 26 hydrodynamic simulations with different thermal histories from the THERMAL suite, also encompassing different values of the IGM pressure smoothing scale. We adopt a forward-modeling approach and self-consistently apply the same algorithms to both data and simulations, propagating both statistical and modeling uncertainties via Monte Carlo. The redshift evolution of T
0 (γ) shows a suggestive peak (dip) at z = 2.9 (z = 3). Our measured evolution of T
0 and γ is generally in good agreement with previous determinations in the literature. Both the peak in the evolution of T
0 at z = 2.8, as well as the high temperatures

that we observe at 2.4 < z < 3.4, strongly suggest that a significant episode of heating occurred after the end of H i reionization, which was most likely the cosmic reionization of He ii.
The Amino Acid Distribution in Laboratory Analogs of Extraterrestrial Organic Matter: A Comparison to CM Chondrites
Authors: Modica P. , Martins Z. , Meinert C. , Zanda B. , d’Hendecourt L. L. S. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Laboratory experiments that simulate the photo- and thermo-chemistry of extraterrestrial ices always lead to the formation of semi-refractory organic residues. These residues can be considered as laboratory analogs for the primitive organic matter incorporated into comets and asteroids. Many specific organic molecules have been detected in them. Here we focus on amino acids because of their possible relevance to further prebiotic chemistry on Earth as well as in other solar system bodies. We compare the amino acid content and distribution measured in organic residues produced in our photochemical experiments to those observed in various CM chondrites presenting an increasing degree of aqueous alteration, a process that is thought to impact amino acid chemistry. We find that the amino acid profile of our residues shows similarities with that of the least aqueously altered CM chondrites. In particular, the β-alanine to glycine ratio is comparable to the one measured in the Paris meteorite, a minimally altered CM chondrite, and matches the trend followed by other CM chondrites with different degrees of aqueous alteration. Additionally, the relative abundances of α-, β-, and γ-amino acids in one of our residues are similar to those of the least altered CM chondrites. These results support the idea of a general formation process for amino acids from photo- and thermo-processing of icy grains as an important source for the inventory of amino acids in the early solar system.
Violences sexuelles infantiles : quelle(s) évolution(s) de la latence à l’adolescence ?
Authors: Roques Marjorie , Mazoyer Anne-Valérie 
Published: September 2018

L’analyse de protocoles de Rorschach, suivant la méthode d’interprétation psychanalytique de l’École de Paris, de trois garçons de 11, 13 et 15 ans, rencontrés dans un établissement d’aide sociale à l’enfance et dans un service d’hospitalisation pour adolescents, ayant subi, enfants, des violences sexuelles, permet de dégager trois éléments redondants : l’appréhension face à la première planche (qui témoigne d’un système défensif spécifique), les persévérations (qui renvoient à l’identification à l’agresseur) et un indice d’angoisse anormalement élevé (qui révèle une fragilité des limites corporelles). Ces repérages cliniques, signes d’une mise au travail psychique, s’inscrivent dans le cadre de la prévention des risques, car ils permettent de dégager des pistes psychothérapeutiques pour la prise en charge de ces jeunes victimes chez lesquelles le traumatisme sexuel est encore agissant.
Le nihilisme nietzschéen
Authors: de Launay Marc 
Published: September 2018

Le nihilisme est le terme qui résume la plupart des diagnostics de Nietzsche sur la décadence de l’Europe contemporaine ; mais c’est aussi la caractéristique des « deux siècles à venir » ; c’est enfin, à chaque époque passée, ce qui qualifie telle ou telle figure de la pensée ou de la culture, Socrate, par exemple, ou Flaubert. Quel est donc le statut de ce terme dans l’œuvre de Nietzsche, plus profondément, quels en sont les présupposés ?
Les évolutions des modes d’action pour agir sur les inégalités sociales de santé dans les recommandations politiques à l’international et en France
Authors: Porcherie Marion , Le Bihan-Youinou Blanche , Pommier Jeanine 
Published: September 2018

Cet article présente les évolutions des modes d’action politiques pour lutter contre les inégalités sociales de santé préconisées en France, au regard des textes de l’OMS et d’autres organismes internationaux. Une analyse de contenu des textes de recommandations politiques a permis d’identifier onze catégories de modes d’action et cinq types d’évolutions en fonction des populations cibles et des moyens à déployer. Les recommandations ont ainsi évolué d’une action pour l’accès aux soins primaires à une action sur les déterminants sociaux de la santé, du renforcement des capacités individuelles à l’ empowerment global, de l’action sur des cibles populationnelles à l’inclusion sociale de tous, de la promotion des investissements pour la santé à une régulation financière accrue, d’une approche des politiques publiques favorables à la santé à une approche de santé dans toutes les politiques. En France, les modes d’action ont été multiples mais sont restés peu opérationnalisés. Ils ont évolué au cours du temps, faisant le plus souvent écho aux textes de référence mondiaux avec un certain décalage temporel. Les modes d’action préconisés au niveau international s’éloignent fortement des modes d’action centrés sur les capacités individuelles alors que la nouvelle loi de santé publique en France réintroduit des interventions ciblées sur les comportements. Ce constat soulève d’autres interrogations, notamment sur la manière dont la recherche sur les inégalités sociales de santé irrigue la décision publique, et sur le traitement institutionnel de la santé dans toutes les politiques.
Changes in Anthocyanin and Fruit Quality Attributes of Barberry (Berberis vulgaris L.) Grown in Different Altitude During Growth and Maturation
Authors: Moradinezhad F , Khayyat M , Maraki Z 
Published: September 2018

Purpose: Seedless barberry is one of the economical sources of anthocyanin pigment. However, short harvesting period creates many difficulties in harvesting and drying processes, leading to low quality. Therefore, it was very important to study different barberry growing areas and also evaluating fruit quality in these regions, to propose sooner harvesting in some regions.Research Method: The study was conducted in two regions (Marack and Amirabad) of Birjand suburbs, South Khorasan, Iran, during two growing seasons (2014-2015), to investigate the major physicochemical changes of barberry fruit during different growth and development stages (89, 121, 152, 183 and 214 days after full bloom (DAFB)).Findings: The results showed that fruit fresh weight and volume, pH, total soluble solids (TSS), maturity index and anthocyanin significantly increased, as harvest season progressed. The region conditions also influenced the above-mentioned parameters. Data indicated that lower night temperatures in the Marack led to better fruit indices compared with Amirabad, which may be resulted from a higher altitude as compared to Amirabad. The better fruit maturity index and anthocyanin content obtained in Marack at the fourth harvest date (183 DAFB), compared with Amirabad, which creates a sooner harvest potential. With regard to data obtained and especially higher anthocyanin accumulation, we propose mountainous regions for seedless barberry cultivation, compared to lands as it leads to sooner harvesting and better quality of fruit for fresh market.Research Limitations: It was better to study the physicochemical changes of barberry fruits in more important regions and with different altitude.Originality/Value: This study provides an insight into mountains with high altitude as main regions for barberry cultivation to increase the nutritional quality of fruit.
Morphology of testes, spermatogenesis, sperm bundles, and spermatozoa ofKerria chinensis(Hemiptera: Kerriidae)
Authors: Seubparu Lucksanaveejit , Nipitwathanaphon Mingkwan , Wisoram Wijit , Merritt David , Ngernsiri Lertluk 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe filamentous spermatozoa of scale insects (Hemiptera) are highly modified compared with those of typical insects. Here, we investigate the morphology of the testes, sperm bundles, spermatozoa, and spermatogenesis of the winglessKerria chinensis(Mahdihassan) (Hemiptera: Kerriidae), a shellac-producing scale insect. Each testis contains two antiparallel groups of several hundred syncytial sperm bundles. In each spermatocyte cyst, 16 primary spermatocytes divide via inverted meiosis, resulting in 16 quadrinucleated spermatids, each having two euchromatic and two heterochromatic nuclei. During spermiogenesis, each spermatid produces two spermatozoa protruding out of the spermatid close to the two euchromatic nuclei and their tails then grow in opposite directions. In each cyst, the 32 spermatozoa form two sperm bundles lying in an antiparallel direction oriented to different ends of the testis. Each spermatozoon has three distinct regions, an apex, a filamentous region and a tail. The spermatozoa have long thread-like nuclear cores that occupy about one-fourth of the sperm body length, located primarily in the posterior half. At the anterior end of the spermatozoon is a translucent, swollen vesicle and a distal, densely-stained structure; a putative acrosome of a type not previously reported in the spermatozoa of scale insects.
Psychological capital as a moderator in the relationship between occupational stress and organisational citizenship behaviour among Nigerian graduate employees
Authors: Aderibigbe John K. , Mjoli Themba Q. 
Published: September 2018

Orientation: It is a documented fact that occupational stress is widespread worldwide. Moreover, there are clear signs of many variables that affect Nigerian graduate employees, which are most likely to cause severe occupational stress, and this, in turn, could negatively affect employees and their organisational ability to demonstrate citizenship behaviour.Research purpose: The purpose of this study was twofold: firstly, to examine the nature of relationship between occupational stress and organisational citizenship behaviour, and, secondly, to investigate whether psychological capital significantly moderates the relationship between occupational stress and organisational citizenship behaviour.Motivation for the study: The study was conducted to demonstrate whether the presence of psychological capital could result in a better level of employee performance, even as employees experience a certain level of occupational stress. In view of the above, the study might have contributed to form a new model of psychological intervention for occupational stress and organisational citizenship behaviour.Research approach/design and method: The study adopted the positivist explanatory cross-sectional (survey) research design to systematically sample opinions of 1532 male and female graduate employees across various sectors of the Nigerian economy, using a structured and validated questionnaire and the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software.Main findings: The results showed that there was a weak positive relationship between occupational stress and organisational citizenship behaviour. Psychological capital significantly moderated the relationship between occupational stress and organisational citizenship behaviour.Practical/managerial implications: Human resource managers should develop psychological capital in employees in order to increase the level of organisational performance and reduce the negative impact of occupational stress.Contribution/value-add: Recommendations of the study could assist in training and developing effective workforce capacity towards improving the economy of the nation.
Iron deficiency in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Does the relationship exist?
Authors: Magula Luzuko , Moxley Karis , Lachman Anusha 
Published: September 2018

Background: Iron is a cofactor in the production and breakdown of neurotransmitters like dopamine and is vital for normal brain function. Iron deficiency potentially contributes to the development of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) because dopamine imbalances can cause hyperactivity, restlessness and problems with concentration and attention. However, a direct association between iron deficiency and ADHD remains to be determined.Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the possible correlation between iron deficiency and ADHD in children and adolescents seen at the child psychiatry outpatient service at Tygerberg Hospital, South Africa.Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted to gather data of all outpatient children and adolescents who had their serum ferritin and/or iron levels tested between February 2011 and January 2016. Relevant demographic and clinical information was extracted from 255 records, and statistical methods were used to test for correlations between ADHD and certain variables, including iron deficiency.Results: Out of 255 patients, 88 (34.5%) had iron deficiency, 157 (61.6%) had ADHD and 54 (21.0%) had both iron deficiency and ADHD. Of those patients with ADHD, 11 (7.0%) had other psychiatric comorbidities, and more males (89.0%) had this dual diagnosis compared to females (11.0%). Variables found to be significantly associated with ADHD included gender, age, Ritalin treatment and psychiatric comorbidities, but there was no significant association between ADHD and iron deficiency (p = 0.150).Conclusion: There was no relationship between ADHD and iron deficiency in this cohort of children and adolescents. Further studies using a treatment-naïve sample are required.
Fracture resistance of the permanent restorations for endodontically treated premolars
Authors: Lin Galvin Sim Siang , Ghani Nik Rozainah Nik Abdul , Noorani Tahir Yusuf , Ismail Noor Huda 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Aim: This study aims to compare the fracture strength, fracture pattern, types of fracture involved, and areas of fractured restoration among endodontically treated permanent lower premolars restored with different restorative materials. Materials and Methods: Sixty-nine mature human permanent lower premolars recently extracted for orthodontic, periodontal, or other reasons were selected and divided into three groups (n = 23). Groups 1 and 2 were endodontically treated. Standardized mesio-occlusal distal cavities were then prepared in both Groups 1 and 2. Groups 1 and 2 were restored with amalgam using Nayyar’s core technique and glass fiber post with composite resin core, respectively. Group 3 consisted of intact teeth which acted as control group. All teeth were tested under constant occlusal load until fracture occurred using a Universal Testing Machine. Data analysis was carried out using Kruskal–Wallis test complemented by Mann–Whitney test. Results: The mean values of fracture strength were 388.05 N (± 158.09) for Group 1, 588.90 N (± 151.33) for Group 2, and 803.05 N (± 182.23) for Group 3. Kruskal–Wallis test showed significant differences among all three groups in terms of fracture strength. The mean load required to fracture intact teeth in Group 3 was significantly highest, followed by Group 2 (P < 0.01) and finally Group 1 (P < 0.01). Most fractures occurred within the coronal structure and were considered favorable pattern. Besides, majority of the fractures occurred on restorations and particularly at the distal side. Conclusions: Teeth restored with fiber post and composite core resulted in higher fracture resistance than teeth restored with Nayyar’s core amalgam restoration.