bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tidsskriftet Museologica Brunensia Magazine nr. 1. 2012
Authors: Larsen Ane Hejlskov 
Published: August 2018

Museologi eller museumsstudier har internationalt fra 1970’- og 80’erne udviklet sig fra at være praktiske kurser af museumsprofessionelle for museumsansatte til akademiske universitetskurser i 2000-tallet med teori og krav om nytænkning af museumspraksis. Ethvert universitet med respekt for sig selv har i dag et mindre eller større udbud af museologiske uddannelsestilbud, og mange har endda også fået en professor i museologi. Det er derfor ikke underligt, at universitetsakademikere er blevet de ledende teoretikere indenfor museologi og stiller kritiske spørgsmål til museet som samfundsinstitution og dens funktioner. Tilsvarende er de mere medlemsprægede museumstidsskrifter blevet overhalet af tidsskrifter som fx canadiske Museum Management and Curatorship eller engelske Museum and Society og ikke at forglemme Nordisk Museologi, hvor universitetslektorer- og professorer dominerer i antal i forhold museumsansatte i redaktionsgruppen. Men det er ikke kun i USA, Canada, Storbritannien, Australien samt de nordiske lande og Vesteuropa i øvrigt, at museologien har udviklet sig op igennem 1900-tallet.
Cultural memory in the museum and its dialogue with collective and individual memory
Authors: Lang Merike 
Published: August 2018

This article analyses the forms of cultural memory (storage and functio- nal memory) relying on the work of Aleida Assmann and the German cultural memory school (Assmann, 1999; 2004), and their changes in memory institutions in connection with the institution’s dialogue with individual and collective memory. Assmann’s theory is supplemented with museological communication schemes (Hooper-Grenhill, 1996) and a definition of the medium of collective memory (Erll, 2004). The aim of this article is to discuss the effect of functional memory in the context of the mediation work of a modern museum. The article will deal more thoroughly with the functionalizing process of cultural memory in the museum based on a specific pedagogical programme at the Estonian Open Air Museum.
Museumspolitik og generalkonferencen 2007
Authors: Ipsen Merete 
Published: August 2018

Med blik på det museumspolitiske var gene- ralkonferencen 2007 væsentlig. Både med sit tema Museerne og Universel Kulturarv og med vedtagelse af den nye strategiske plan. ICOM har som verdensomspændende ngo-organisation vist sig levedygtig i mere end 60 år. Ser man bagud gennem årenes temaer og resolutioner fra generalkonferencerne, har vilje til forandring og nyorientering som hovedregel været på dagsordenen – om end man også kan få øje på, at ICOM har udviklet sig til at være en tung og noget træg organisation. Men åbenheden overfor at tænke nyt og lade sig udfordre af de forandringer, der sker i det omgivende samfund, overskygger heldigvis det tunge i den store organisation, som tæller 22.000 medlemmer fra 145 nationer. 10 % af medlemmerne deltog i konferencen, som var den talmæssigt største, der er holdt gennem årene.
Redaktion
Authors: Larsen Ane Hejlskov 
Published: August 2018

Den 13. juni 2005 var Museumshøjskolen vært for en spændende række af museologiske forelæsninger på Nationalmuseet i København. Anledningen var Ole Strandgaards afgang som rektor for Museumshøjskolen i Sorø gennem mere end 15 år. Museologiske kollegaer fra Europa blev inviteret til at tale om museernes fremtidige funktioner og betydning i fremtiden ud fra 5 udvalgte samfundstendenser:● oplevelsesøkononomien versus fordybelse og selvudvikling● informationsteknologiens videreudvikling og digitalisering af kulturarven● ændring i befolkningssammensætningen og konsekvenserne heraf for museerne● sociale forhindringer og multikukturelle sammensætninger● kompetenceudvikling for fremtidenI dette nummer bringer vi to af forelæsningerne: Den ene er af professor Tomislav Šola fra Zagreb i Kroatien, og den anden er af lektor Peter van Mensch fra Reinwardt Akademiet i Holland. Begge er kendte museologer, som også tidligere har bidraget til Nordisk Museologi.
Från industriminne till industrisamhällets kulturarv – tankar kring ett betänkande
Authors: Bergdahl Ewa 
Published: August 2018

From industrial monument to industrial heritage In 1998 the Minister of Culture called on professor Erik Hofrén to propose government measures to further the protection of industrial heritage. From local initiatives to protect and preserve old industrial sites, notably related to mining and metallurgical installations, a true movement concerned with this history emerged and gained strength in the last decades of the 20th century. Within this movement the concept of industrial archæology has been adopted to include a wider environment than the isolated factory. This development constitutes the background to the government action.In 1999 Erik Hofrén’s proposal was published as a departmental report (SOU 1999:18) with the title Questions to the industrial society. This was an unusual approach to the task, which instead of offering a concrete programme, indicated areas and aspects of concern. A crucial shift in concepts was proposed: ’the heritage of industrial history’ should be replaced by ’the heritage of industrial society’. Thus the wider implica- tions of the introduction of industrial technology and production systems for societal change were stressed.As a result of the report a committee was set up by the Minister in 1999 to function for three years on behalf of the government with the aim of initiating research, supporting initiatives and stimulating interest and institutional cooperation in the field. The committee submitted a report on its activities in 2002, The cultural heritage of the industrial society (SOU 2002:67). An attempt is made in this article to review the two reports and evaluate their outcome. It is evident that industrial heritage is a complex and difficult field, full of controversial issues which make co-operation between industrialists, workers’ organisations, public institutions and the local citizens complicated. However, it is pointed out, local museums have a key role to play and their significance has not been sufficiently valued by the committee.
Från kulturminnesvård till kulturvård – om Sverker Janson och kulturarvet
Authors: Hofrén Erik 
Published: August 2018

Sverker Jansons bok ”Kulturvård och samhällsbildning” utkom samma år – 1974 – som den svenska riksdagen antog de åtta kulturpolitiska mål som fortfarande utgör grunden för den nationella kulturpolitiken. Valet av bokens titel är betecknande för Sverker Jansons egna tankegångar samtidigt som de bör sättas in i sitt tidssammanhang. 1970- talet var ett ytterst vitalt årtionde. Museerna började ta sig utanför murarna i sökandet efter en ny framtid. I samband med Nordiska museets 100-årssjubileum 1972 publicerades den hittills enda framtidsstudie som finns (Mot museernas 80-tal).
Culture denatured or nature decultured
Authors: Ampt Peter , Raymond Linda 
Published: August 2018

The Australian Museum is a museum of both natural science and cultural heritage. As an institution we find this quite a challenge, both in our communication with our audiences and in our internal debates about who and what we are. In the area of natural science we feel quite confident in our adopted role in the community. With our vast collections of specimens and reputation for scholarly research, the Australian Museum assumes what Ellen Futter, President ofthe American Museum of Natural History, NY, describes as 'a stewardship of the natural world' (Futter, 1997, p40). Our mission explicitly states an intention to engage in and influence public debate. We feel this mission with a certain sense ofurgency based on our knowledge of what is happening to the natural world. We acknowledge our role in bringing about a change of attitude in our visitors, and have generally sought to do this by presenting to our audiences the objective and value-free 'science' of nature while simultaneously using that science to support a point of view.
Anoxic treatment of a moth-infested saddle
Authors: Bergh Jan-Erik , Hallström Ann 
Published: August 2018

Pest insects pose a continuous and serious threat to museum objects that are organic in origin. Traditionally various chemical substances have been used for insect control, but in recent decades there has been increased concern about the disadvantages of this type of control strategy (Dawson 1988). Among the alternative control methods developed for museum use in recent decades, low oxygen treatment (Gilberg 1991) is of special interest. Using nitrogen or argon to replace oxygen, produces no residues and allows a conditioning of the gas regarding temperature and relative humidity. The first practical application of this method took place at Skokloster Castle in Central Sweden.
No longer newly arrived - Museum presentations of immigrant cultures in nations with dominant "indigenous" cultures
Authors: Rekdal Per B. 
Published: August 2018

Since the end of the 1960s Norway - like other Western countries - has had a relatively large number of immigrants from countries outside Europe. This immigration has partly consisted of refugees, partly of people searching for better economic and social conditions. They now constitute a significant part of the permanent population; significant in the sense that they are for more visible than the - until recently - more numerous North European expatriates who have «always» been in the country, and significant because, by the media and politicians and in many peoples minds, «they» have been classified as a single category characterised by unemployment, a range of social problems and deviant religious beliefs.
Cyclops CAmeo: Reactions of four 14- and 15-year-olds to their encounter with a contemporary work of art
Authors: Illeris Helene 
Published: August 2018

«The Contemporary Work of Art as an Experiential Model for Pictorial Work in the Higher Grades of the Danish Folkeskole» is the working title for a research project carried out by the author at the Royal Danish School of Educational Studies in Copenhagen. The project covers: The reactions and strategies of 14- and 15-year-old- students in direct encounters with works ofcontemporary art, and how students are able (or unable) to use their experience of the encounter in their own pictorial work back in their school art classes.
Why every museums is really a museum of social history
Authors: Hudson Kenneth 
Published: August 2018

For some years, I taught groups of American high school students, who came over to London for four months in order to broaden their experience. They were all about 20 years old and they lived in various parts of the United States. I shared the job of teaching them with three or four other people. Our task, in the words of our contract, was 'to expose them to an exotic culture: that culture, broadly speaking, being the one to befound in Britain, and it must indeed have appeared highly exotic to these young men and women, most of whom had never been outside America before.
Ti teser om Museet i samfundet
Authors: Ingemann Bruno 
Published: August 2018

Ten theses on the Museum in society I) The museum can tell stories with authentic objects 2) The authentic objects can be presented in a new context3) Objects can construct an aesthetic experience 4) An aesthetic experience can be created by the «text» and the visitor 5) Objects can be seen as an artistic expression - a narrarive6) A narrative may create mental images7) The narrative of society is built upon myth and symbols8) The museum may communicate the narratives of society 9) The museum is in society 10) Society is in the museum
Steven Conn: Museums and American Intellectual Life, 1876-1926
Authors: Hedqvist Eric 
Published: August 2018

Den amerikanske historikern Steven Conn beskriver i sin bok 1800-talets tro på föremalen som omedelbara källor till kunskap. Museerna var framgångsrika i att skapa ny kunskap genom omsorgsfullt systematiskt arbete kring föremålen, den viktorianska tidens fascination.
The Finnish national gallery's internet home page is into its third year
Authors: Liukkonen Eija , Väyrynen Mika 
Published: August 2018

The Finnish National Gallery's Internet home page project was started by the National Gallery's museum pedagogical unit in early 1995. The completed home page launched September 26, 1995 under the address, http://www.fng.fi/. The projects ambitious point of departure was to present a broad, multifaceted display of the Museums collections. The aim was not only to impart information on current exhibitions and activities to different target groups but to truly function as a pedagogical tool for distance learning. The objective was to elicit genuine interest as well as to entice users to visit the Museum. Even occasional surfers can find themselves becoming regular museum-goers by virtue of the web.
Make 'em laugh, make 'em cry! Collecting for lifetimes – the interactive museum about Croydon peole
Authors: Fussel Angela 
Published: August 2018

For most of its history, Croydon was a bustling market town to the south of London, a stop on the coach journey between the capital and Brighton. But when the first railways were built in the 1830s, Croydon started to turn into a London suburb and with that change came a loss of identity. Local groups began to campaign for a museum of Croydon in the late 19th century. Their voices grew louder when the centre of Croydon was redeveloped in the 1960s. Much of the character of the old town was lost when theatres, cinemas and schools were replaced by multi-story car parks, shopping precincts and office blocks.It was partly in response to this public demand that the local councillors decided to include a museum in the redevelopment of Croydon's central library. They were also moved by a need to improve Croydon's image. By the 1980s, the name Croydon had become a byword for boring, bland and mediocre. The councillors were convinced that a dynamic image had an important part to play in economic success. They saw a museum as playing a key part in establishing that image.
The wrong and the right road for museums
Authors: Hudson Kenneth 
Published: August 2018

Every year the organisation responsible for the European Museum of the Year Award organises what it calls its Prestige Lecture. In 1993 it took place in Utrecht, in 1994 at both ends of the Channel Tunnel, and in 1995 in Barcelona. The 1995 lecturer was Michel Van Praët, Professor of Museology at the Museum of Natural History in Paris. In the course of his lecture, he made a very significant observation. When planning the complete reorganisation of the Grande Galerie at his museum, a process for which he was responsible, a good deal of research was carried out into the behaviour of visitors at other museums. One result of this was to show beyond doubt that there was a direct connection between the number of people who were in the museum at any one time and the frequency with which visitors stopped to look at objects and displays. The more visitors, the fewer the stops, and vice versa.
Hembygd – a concept and its ambiguities
Authors: Björkroth Maria 
Published: August 2018

One popular movement, the 'hembygd'-movement, has been a particularly dynamic force in shaping Swedish attitudes towards museums and cultural heritage. The movement was born in the first decades of the 20th century, it attracted young people and it soon had spread throughout the country. It has undoubtedly had a profound impact, but it has been only superficially studied. The aim of this paper is to contribute to an understanding of how the past, in terms of cultural heritage, tradition and native district, has been used in the creation of our modern Swedish society. The past is explicitly used for the construction of the future and the process could be described as «Cultural and Environmental Recycling».
Museums in Iceland
Authors: Sigurðsson Helgi 
Published: August 2018

In Iceland there are close to 70 museum collections which is a considerable number bearing in mind that the country has a population of only 260 000. In almost every district and town, not to mention the capital, people have cooperated in collecting objects that reflect the way of life and culture of the nation's past. The main task of most museums is to collect and preserve objects or pieces ofart. Apartfrom exhibiting these objects, some museums organize special exhibitions, lectures and concerts. Most of the larger museums offer professional advice in their fields, e.g. on buildings, objects and preservation. About four out of every five museums (i.e. 48) are ethnographic (folk museums); there are 13 art museums and 10 natural history museums. A few museums are combinations of these three categories. The distribution of these museums is noteworthy: the ethnographic and natural history museums are distributed evenly around the country, while most of the art museums are situated in Reykjavik. In this article the focus is on the cultural history museums, but articles on the art and natural history museums will hopefully follow.
Estonian museums in changing times
Authors: Lukas Tönis 
Published: August 2018

The Estonians are a small nation. Therefore, our relationship to our own culture is to a certain extent different from that of the big nations. The peculiarities of ones own culture are mainly perceived through comparison with others. The wave of national awakenings reached Estonia in the middle ofthe 19th century. By that time some Baltic-German organizations of an enlightening character had emerged, mainly focusing their attention on native people - the ones whose ethnic ancestors had lived in Estonia long before the Germans, Danes, Swedes, Poles, andfinally, the Russians had reached here. The main policy of alien authorities was to occupy our strategically and commercially important territory. The best means for achieving this was war: In the course ofthese conquests, attention was mainly focused on towns and churches; the changing of the everyday lives of the local people was not particularly in anybody's sphere of interest. As a result, two relatively different kinds of living conditions and ways of life existed side by side - on the one hand, the traditional culture of Estonian peasants and town craftsmen, and on the other, the European culture characteristic mainly of Baltic-German nobility and bourgeoisie.If we tried to describe these two different communities in museum categories, we could say that the first one represented a living open-air museum with its ethnographic look and folklore; the other a specimen of manor architecture with its art collections, and town architecture with the relics of a bourgeois way of life.
Museums without limits; collaboration between Swedish and African museum
Authors: Olofsson Elisabet 
Published: August 2018

«What can we Swedes and Africans, museum workers from different countries, worlds and cultures, learn from one another? Museum workers from Benin, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Swaziland, Sweden, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe gather, and pool ideas and experience to shape the museum of the future. » (Margareta Ekarv, Stockholm, Sweden, 1992. Text to the exhibition «Sharing Ideas») Six years ago in May 1989 I met with colleagues from thirteen African and an equal number of Swedish museums for a four-day conference at one of Sweden's peoples colleges. «I was one of them. It was an overwhelming meeting. The theme of the conference was 'Death - a part o flife' and, from the very beginning, our discussions dealt with the core of our cultures. Personal thoughts about death alternated with accounts of rituals and funeral ceremonies in Sweden and in Africa. There was so much to think about, so much to discuss! When, in due course, we dispersed, I felt that I had participated in a remarkable event. This was something that I wanted to continue working with.» (Anna Westholm, Gävleborg County Museum, Gävle, Sweden. Laddikan 2/1993)
Beauty – Truth – Goodness; the complex role and ambiguous role of the museum
Authors: Pedersen Hans 
Published: August 2018

There is at present a consensus, more pronounced than for a long time, among curators that we are above all professionals, and as such we collect, list, prepare and exhibit a representative range of objects and buildings to document our cultural heritage. We uphold the old ideal that museums impartially provide knowledge to further the enlightenment of the people. Nevertheless, quite a few among us accept the fact that museums have, and in fact should have, a political role. The era of loud political slogans is gone. However, there is still a strong desire to support some idea or other about community development, albeit in a more modest version than one harking back to the days of the growth of the national state at the turn of the century, or the one reflecting the mobilization of the 70s to strengthen local culture and identity. As a basis for museum work it is nowadays quite legitimate to refer to womens culture, Sami (Lappish) identity and the development of ecological consciousness. A more salient idea is that advocating that museums ought to be of practical use even beyond the traditional sphere of cultural politics, a notion shared by a growing number of politicians, bureaucrats and curators.
The exhibition as theatre – on the staging of museum objects
Authors: Maure Marc 
Published: August 2018

I would like to examine the role of the setting in exhibitions as it is seen in relation to the stage set in the theatre. Museographers have a great deal to learn from the techniques of stage setting in the theatre. Furthermore, many of the concepts and models which characterize a «theatrical» or «dramatic» approach to culturalphenomena can be useful at a theoretical level in order to arrive at a better understanding of the exhibition.
Museerne som arnen for det evolutionære verdensbillede
Authors: Hoch Ella 
Published: August 2018

Mange vesterlændinge tager afstand fra den bibelske forklaring om Jorden og dens organismer, at de blev til ved en skabelse, men mener, at de opstod gennem udvikling, evolution. En livløs proto-Jord, koncentreret i Solsystemet samtidigt med dets øvrige planeter for omkring 4, 6 milliarder år siden, afgav vand i en hydrosfære og luft i en atmosfære, og der blev liv som selvkopierende molekylstrukturer pa jordoverfladen.
GHR – Georges Henri Riviere og folkemuseets genesis i Frankrike
Authors: Maure Marc 
Published: August 2018

Georges Henri Riviere (1897-1985), oftest bare kalt GHR, er en av de store skikkelsene i moderne museologi. Få har spilt en så omfattende rolle og hatt så stor innflytelse på utviklingen av museumsvesenet i vår tid, både i sitt hjemland og i verden forøvrig.
The genealogy of the museum
Authors: Becker Annesofie 
Published: August 2018

The title of the symposion was "The Genealogy of the Museum ". Why did we use a word from ancient Greek? Why not just call it "The History of the Museum" or "The pedigree of the Museum"? Why did we give priority to the museum's temporality?In the course of the last ten years, the museum world has been subjected to a great deal of change. We only know that there has certainly been a musem's boom and that, quoting Walter Grasskamp, "the museum has become the metaphor for our time". Just a few years ago, the question was whether or not there would still be a museum in the future. But this is no longer the case. No, the question now is whether or not there will be a future for the museum. Today, the anxiety about the future itself is greater and more real than any anxiety about the future of the museum.