bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contrast-induced encephalopathy with visual and auditory hallucinations triggered by coronary angiography with iodixanol: a case report
Authors: Kuzemczak Michał , Gołębiewski Sławomir 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Contrast-induced encephalopathy (CIE) is a rare complication of coronary angiography posing a significant diagnostic challenge. Its incidence has substantially declined with the introduction of nonionic low-osmolar contrast media and, in most cases, it manifests with transient cortical blindness. Concomitant visual and auditory hallucinations in the course of CIE have never been reported.

Case report
We present the first reported case of CIE with concomitant visual and auditory hallucinations following coronary angiography in an 80-year-old female patient. The procedure was elective and performed via right radial approach. During the procedure, significant difficulties in crossing a tortuous and calcified brachiocephalic trunk were encountered. The patient lost awareness of time and place, became agitated and started having aphasia. Periprocedural stroke was suspected as a consequence of atherosclerotic plaque mobilization and dislodging atheromatous material to the cerebral vasculature. The patient became fully oriented without aphasia within 24 h, but started having auditory and visual hallucinations. Stroke was excluded by an urgent MRI, and ultimately CIE was diagnosed. A supportive therapy with sedation and intravenous hydration was used with subsequent commencement of quetiapine treatment for hallucinations. The symptoms resolved after 5 days, and quetiapine was successfully discontinued.

Conclusions
Based on the unique case report, CIE may manifest with concomitant visual and auditory hallucinations. In some instances, the clinical entity may mimic stroke; therefore, it is crucial to rule out this acute neurological condition and prevent patients from receiving a potentially harmful treatment.
Efficacy of palifermin in the treatment of oral mucositis in non-hematopoietic stem cell transplant pediatric patients: experience of a single tertiary hospital
Authors: Hamzi Hasna , Binhassan Amal , Najmeldin Amal , Alhariri Ebtsam , Elhussein Bodour , Althibani Nour , Alenazi Ahmad , Alsharif Shahad , Alshahrani Mohammad , Alsharif Omar , Alkhayat Nawaf , Elborai Yasser 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Severe oral mucositis (OM) is one of the adverse events post-chemotherapy, radiation, and stem cell transplantation with major clinical and economic impact. The management of severe OM remains challenging. This study aimed to look for the benefit and clinical impact of palifermin for mucositis among the non-transplanted pediatric cancer population.

Methods
This is a descriptive retrospective study extended from 2016 to 2020 at Prince Sultan Military Medical City (PSMMC), in Saudi Arabia. During this period all pediatric patients (< 14 years of age) on chemotherapy and complicated by severe OM that required palifermin (35 courses), as off-labeled medication, were analyzed looking for the clinical demographics, primary diagnosis, chemotherapy agents used, effectiveness, and tolerability of palifermin.

Results
A total of 29 patients with severe OM received 35 palifermin courses. All of them received 60 mcg/kg/day IV for 3 consecutive days. 20% of them have acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We noticed that 60% of severe OM required palifermin post anthracycline while high-dose methotrexate aggravates the risk in 40% of them. Only 25.7% of the patients required TPN for a median duration of 5 days and 54.3% of them received opioids for a median duration of 4 days. Twenty patients (57.1%) had used antibiotics, 4 patients were on antifungal medication and 1 patient was on anti-viral medication concomitant with antibiotics.

Conclusion
Palifermin is safe and well tolerated and shows some effect in non-hematopoietic stem cell transplant pediatric patients with severe oral mucositis post-intensified chemotherapy or radiation therapy.
Correlation of abdominal adiposity indicators (VAT and SAT) with Quetelet index and severity grades of hepatic steatosis by ultrasound and utility of these indicators as noninvasive parameters to detect steatotic liver disease
Authors: Maravi Poornima , Verma Vijay Kumar , Bairwa Rambharat , Vullakulla Lavanya , Chouhan Nitin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Fatty liver disease (FLD) is the common metabolic disease of liver with high worldwide prevalence. Nonalcoholic FLD may progress to acute hepatitis, chronic liver disease and even into hepatocellular carcinoma. Noninvasive parameters based on diagnostic imaging should be sought as the only diagnostic test available for this condition is liver biopsy.

Objectives
The objectives of this study are to correlate abdominal adiposity indicators, specifically visceral adipose tissue (VAT) thickness and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness, with body mass index (BMI) and fatty liver disease (FLD) grades using ultrasound, and to evaluate the diagnostic ability of the parameter "VAT thickness of 3 cm or above" in detecting hepatic steatosis.

Method
Total 100 patients were examined by ultrasound to evaluate VAT, SAT and FLD grades. All patients showing findings of steatotic liver were considered as cases and those showing normal liver findings were considered as controls. Correlation coefficient for VAT, SAT, BMI and FLD grades were calculated and p-value was derived. Sensitivity, Specificity, ROC curve and AUC value for parameter “VAT thickness 3 cm or above” was calculated.

Results
A total of 100 patients were examined including 33 males and 67 females. The mean age of patients was 42.34 ± 12.87 years. Mean VAT thicknesses was 3.69 ± 1.61 cm. The mean SAT thickness was 2.00 ± 0.86 cm. Mean BMI was 25.28 ± 5.13 kg/m2 (Overweight). Positive correlation of VAT and SAT measurements seen with BMI and FLD grades.” VAT thickness 3 cm or above”, to detect FLD has a good diagnostic ability with Sensitivity (95%), Specificity (96%), PPV (95%), NPV (96%) and area of curve value 0.8 to detect FLD.

Conclusion
The abdominal fat indicators were positively correlated with BMI and FLD grades. The parameter “VAT thickness 3 cm or above” has a good diagnostic efficacy to detect FLD and may be utilized as an alternative to liver biopsy.
Spinal embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma with multiple distant metastasis: a case report
Authors: Autkar Gayatri , Shetty Harshitha , Moharkar Swapnil 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common soft-tissue sarcoma in children and is usually found in the head, neck, orbit, genitourinary tracts and extremities. An unusual pattern is diffuse bone marrow involvement by rhabdomyosarcoma. In such cases, the initial presentation of patients is similar to haematological malignancy like leukaemia, especially when the primary tumour is not evident. This pattern is rare; however, awareness of this pattern is important for radiologists for appropriate early diagnosis and treatment. Rhabdomyosarcoma involving the spine is extremely rare with very few case reports available in the literature.

Case presentation
We present a case of a seven-year-old boy presenting with subacute paraplegia associated with high-grade fever following a genitourinary surgery. The differential diagnosis of post-surgical complications like infective spondylodiscitis, epidural abscess and transverse myelitis were considered clinically. Magnetic resonance imaging of the spine revealed heterogenous enhancement of the bone marrow of the vertebrae and the pelvic bones along with paravertebral and epidural enhancing soft tissues and the most likely differential diagnosis was leukaemia/lymphoma. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry of the soft tissue revealed an embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. [1⁸F] Fluorodeoxyglucose PET-CT revealed extensive marrow lesions in the axial and appendicular skeleton. In view of extensive metastatic disease, the patient was given palliative therapy. The unusual primary site and presentation with multiple metastasis makes this case worth reporting.

Conclusion
Spinal or bone marrow involvement in rhabdomyosarcoma is uncommon, and it provides a diagnostic challenge in view of the non-specific signs and symptoms. Haematological malignancy is often the primary diagnosis made clinically and on imaging. Spinal or bone marrow involvement in rhabdomyosarcoma implies an overall poor prognosis of the patient. Multimodality therapy is the mainstay of management in spinal rhabdomyosarcoma, which includes surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and palliative treatment in cases of extensive metastasis.
Prevalence of metabolic dysfunction–associated fatty liver disease among patients with diabetic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Rahmanian Mohammad , Deravi Niloofar , Poudineh Mohadeseh , Poopak Amirhossein , Mirmohammadali Seyed Nooshan , Fekrvand Saba , Tadbir Kiana , Ebrahimian Sara , Zargarzadeh Nikan , Pirzadeh Marzieh , Abdi Amir , Firouzabadi Fatemeh Dehghani , Mechanick Jeffrey I. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Mechanistic relationships between metabolic dysfunction–associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and chronic kidney disease are well characterized. Specifically, in type 2 diabetes (T2D), insulin resistance leads to MAFLD, and hyperglycemia leads to microvascular complications such as diabetic kidney disease (DKD). This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to describe the specific association between MAFLD and DKD for the first time.

Methods
PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases were searched up to February 2023 to identify relevant published articles. After screening the titles, abstracts, and full texts of the retrieved articles, cross-sectional studies and cohorts reporting on MAFLD in patients with DKD were identified and then analyzed.

Results
A total of 2615 articles were identified, of which 5 had sufficient data and fulfilled the eligibility criteria for meta-analysis. A total of 2345 patients with DKD were in the included studies. The prevalence rates of radiologically diagnosed MAFLD among patients with DKD ranged from 25 to 96%. The pooled prevalence rate of radiologically diagnosed MAFLD among patients with DKD was 0.55 (95% CI = 0.21–0.89, I2 = 99.79%, P-value < 0.01).

Conclusion
MAFLD is prevalent in patients with DKD. This finding emphasizes the need for aggressive case finding and then guideline-directed medical therapy of MAFLD, especially in patients with T2D and DKD to prevent further complications. Future studies should investigate mechanisms underpinning MAFLD and DKD in patients with T2D, especially in the context of cardiometabolic risk.
High-security nondeterministic encryption communication based on spin-space-frequency multiplexing metasurface
Authors: Sun Shi , Gou Yue , Cui Tie Jun , Ma Hui Feng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractInformation security plays an important role in every aspect of life to protect data from stealing and deciphering. However, most of the previously reported works were based on pure algorithm layer or pure physical layer encryptions, which have certain limitations in security. In this paper, a nondeterministic message encryption communication scheme is proposed based on a spin-space-frequency multiplexing metasurface (SSFMM), which integrates both algorithmic and physical layer encryptions, and can also produce multiple different ciphertexts for the same message to prevent the message from being cracked through frequency analysis, thus greatly enhancing the security of the information. To be specific, an SSFMM is first designed as a physical-layer meta-key, which can generate eight independent dot matrix holograms with different spin, space, and frequency characteristics. The target message is then encrypted based on these dot matrix holograms combined with algorithmic operations, and the encrypted message is converted into a quick response (QR) code for easy sending to the target users. Once the target user gets that QR code, he/she can scan it to obtain the encryption information, and then recover the target message according to the pre-agreed encryption protocol combined with the eight dot matrix holograms of SSFMM. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed encryption scheme was experimentally validated at the microwave frequency band.
Turkish mobile speech discrimination in real noise 4-word sentence test findings in individuals with hearing loss aged 8–12 years
Authors: Tanisir Disci Rukiye , Konukseven Ozlem 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
In daily life, there has been a need to establish verbal communication with sentences instead of single-syllable words and to be tested with sentences that better reflect social life. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate signal noise ratio thresholds and speech comprehension scores in noise in children with severe sensorineural hearing loss by using real ambient noises, four-word spectral balanced sentences, and light, medium, and high input signal levels.

Results
A total of 40 children, including 20 children with severe sensorineural hearing loss, using bilateral hearing aids, (10.23 ± 1.64) and 20 children with normal hearing (9.25 ± 1.48), aged 8–12 years, were included in the study. The newly developed Turkish Mobile Sentence Test for Distinguish Speech in Real Noises was applied to the participants. This test is performed using spectral and coherence balanced 4-word sentences, at − 10 dB, − 5 dB, 0 dB, 5 dB, and 10 dB SNR thresholds and 40, 60, and 80 dB sound levels at shopping mall and amusement park. Children with hearing loss had higher signal noise ratio thresholds at all sound levels in shopping malls, amusement parks, and classroom environments, and their speech comprehension scores in noise were lower at these thresholds (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
Children with hearing loss aged 8–12 have difficulties in verbal communication, in real ambient noises, and in speech discrimination tests, even with 4-word sentences at mild, medium, and high levels of intensity, compared to children with normal hearing. Further studies evaluating hearing aid fitting settings with signal noise ratio thresholds are needed.
Arabic otitis media questionnaire for children
Authors: Hady Heba Tallah Sherif Abd El , Elfeky Asmaa Ali , Patrik Gina Huessin Ahmed El , Kolkaila Enaas Ahmad 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
The most popular tool for assessing children with otitis media’s health-related quality of life is the Otitis Media-6 questionnaire (OM-6). The objectives were to translate and validate the OM-6 questionnaire for kids with OM and investigate the factor structure that underlies it and, also, to apply it to children with OM.

Methods
The questionnaire was translated into Arabic language and cross-culturally adapted. Then the content validity of the instruments was tested by a jury of three experts in the field. The instrument was updated to reflect the suggestions, and any necessary changes were finished.

Results
Two-hundred children were included. They were divided into two groups: control group, including 100 children with normal middle ear function. The second group was the study group, including 100 children with OM.
The comparison of all the items of the questionnaire (symptom of inflammation, manifestations of hearing loss and speech impairment, emotional distress, activity limitations, and caregiver’s concern) between the two studied groups was significant with P-value (< 0.001).

Conclusion
The Arabic version of the questionnaire (OM-6A) is valid, responsive, and interpreted with high reliability. It will support patients’ QoL both before and after treatment, as well as the prognosis of functional health status (FHS).
Remote consultations in mental health: collaborative evaluation applying learning health systems thinking
Authors: Goulding Lucy , Williams Julie , White Alison , Jackson Aileen , Lelliott Zoë , Adams Stuart , Chua Kia-Chong , Nahabedian Noushig , Onwumere Juliana , Woollard James ,   MOMENT group, Sevdalis Nick , Gaughran Fiona 
Published: December 2024

Aims and method
A collaborative evaluation of remote consultations in mental health services was undertaken by mental health service providers, experts by experience, academic institutions and a Health Innovation Network in south London, UK. ‘Learning healthcare systems’ thinking was applied. Workstream 1 reviewed international published evidence; workstream 2 synthesised findings from three health provider surveys of the perceptions and experiences of staff, patients and carers; and workstream 3 comprised an electronic survey on local projects.

Results
Remote consultations can be acceptable to patients and staff. They improve access for some while restricting access for others, with digital exclusion being a key concern. Providing tailored choice is key.

Clinical implications
The collaboration generated learning to inform choices by healthcare providers to embed or adapt remote delivery. A key output was freely downloadable survey questions for assessing the quantity and quality of appointments undertaken by phone or video or face to face.
Development and Validation of the RSClinN+ Tool to Predict Prognosis and Chemotherapy Benefit for Hormone Receptor–Positive, Node-Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Pusztai Lajos , Hoag Jess R. , Albain Kathy S. , Barlow William E. , Stemmer Salomon M. , Meisner Allison , Hortobagyi Gabriel N. , Shak Steven , Rae James M. , Baehner Rick , Sharma Priyanka , Kalinsky Kevin M. 
Published: December 2024

PURPOSE
Clinicopathological factors and the 21-gene Oncotype DX Breast Recurrence Score (RS) test both influence prognosis. Our goal was to develop a new tool, RSClinN+, to individualize recurrence risk and chemotherapy benefit predictions by menopausal status for patients with HR+/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–negative, lymph node–positive breast cancer by integrating the RS result with clinicopathological factors (grade, tumor size, age).

METHODS
We used patient-level data from 5,283 patients treated with chemoendocrine therapy (CET) versus endocrine therapy alone (ET) in the S1007 (N = 4,916) and S8814 (N = 367) trials to develop the tool. Cox proportional hazards regression models stratified by trial were used to estimate 5-year invasive disease-free survival for pre- and postmenopausal woman, respectively. The integrated RSClinN+ model was compared with RS alone and clinicopathological models using likelihood ratio tests. Absolute CET benefit was estimated as the difference between ET and CET risk estimates. Validation of RSClinN+ was performed in 592 patients with node-positive disease in the Clalit Health Services registry.

RESULTS

RSClinN+ provides better prognostic information than RS model alone (premenopausal
P
= .034; postmenopausal
P
< .001) or clinicopathological model alone (premenopausal
P
= .002; postmenopausal,
P
< .001). In postmenopausal women, RS showed interaction with CET benefit (
P
= .016), with RSClinN+ absolute CET benefit ranging from <0.1% to 21.5% over RS ranges 0-50. In premenopausal patients with RS ≤25, there was no significant interaction between RS and CET benefit. In external validation, RSClinN+ risk estimates were prognostic (hazard ratio, 1.75 [95% CI, 1.38 to 2.20]) and concordant with observed risk (Lin's concordance, 0.92).

CONCLUSION
RSClinN+ provides improved estimates of prognosis and absolute CET benefit for individual patients compared with RS or with clinical data alone and could be used in patient counseling.
Care Partner Burden and Support Services in Dementia
Authors: Polsinelli Angelina J. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE
Informal care partners are essential to the care of people living with dementia, but they often experience significant burden and receive minimal training, support, and resources. This article provides an overview of care partner experiences, factors contributing to burden, and methods for reducing burden of caregiving in dementia.

LATEST DEVELOPMENTS
The US Department of Health and Human Services National Plan to Address Alzheimer’s Disease and the World Health Organization Global Action Plan for dementia have identified support for dementia care partners as a top priority for research and policy in recognition of care partners’ instrumental but underresourced role in dementia care. The psychological, financial, social, and physical costs of caregiving, particularly without necessary knowledge, skills, and resources, can lead to care partner burden. Reassuringly, multicomponent interventions can mitigate burden and other negative consequences of caregiving, especially when they are theoretically grounded, inclusive, and culturally relevant.

ESSENTIAL POINTS
Health care providers play a vital role in the early identification of care partner burden through brief, regular assessments. With earlier identification and subsequent intervention (eg, education, skills-based training, local and national resources), the experience of burden and negative health outcomes can be mitigated and quality of life for people living with dementia and their care partners can be improved.
Frontotemporal Dementia
Authors: Clark David Glenn 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE
This article discusses frontotemporal dementia (FTD) syndromes using a simplified framework of three core syndromes, including details on their pathology and unique genetic variations.

LATEST DEVELOPMENTS
FTD includes at least seven major clinical syndromes. The three core syndromes are behavioral variant FTD and two forms of progressive aphasia, commonly referred to as the nonfluent variant and semantic variant of primary progressive aphasia. Clinical features reflect the involvement of major functional brain networks. Derangements of three proteins account for nearly all underlying pathology for FTD syndromes: transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) (approximately 50% of cases), MAPT (45% of cases), and FUS (5% of cases). The clinical presentation and imaging provide clues to the underlying pathology. FTD is more heritable than Alzheimer disease, with variations in C9orf72, MAPT, or GRN (which encodes progranulin) occurring in more than 10% of FTD cases.

ESSENTIAL POINTS
The framework described here will provide clinicians with a foundation for understanding the complex and heterogeneous set of FTD syndromes. There are currently no disease-modifying or US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)–approved treatments for FTD, but clinical trials are underway, including some targeting presymptomatic genetic variation carriers. Available FTD treatments address deficits in behavior or language nonpharmacologically or through the off-label use of medications approved for other indications. Improvements in biomarkers will accelerate the discovery of new pharmacologic treatments.