bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A GYS2/p53 negative feedback loop restricts tumor growth in HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Chen Shi-Lu , Zhang Chris Zhiyi , Liu Li-Li , Lu Shi-Xun , Pan Ying-Hua , Wang Chun-Hua , He Yang-Fan , Lin Cen-Shan , Yang Xia , Xie Dan , Yun Jing-Ping 
Published: July 2018

AbstractHepatocarcinogenesis is attributed to the reprogramming of cellular metabolism as consequence of the alteration in metabolite-related gene regulation. Identifying the mechanism of aberrant metabolism is of great potential to provide novel targets for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we demonstrated that glycogen synthase 2 (GYS2) restricted tumor growth in HBV-related HCC via a negative feedback loop with p53. Expression of GYS2 was significantly downregulated in HCC and correlated with decreased glycogen content and unfavorable patient outcomes. GYS2 overexpression suppressed, whereas GYS2 knockdown facilitated cell proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo via modulating p53 expression. GYS2 competitively bound to MDM2 to prevent p53 from MDM2-mediated ubiquitination and degradation. Furthermore, GYS2 enhanced the p300-induced acetylation of p53 at K373/382, which in turn inhibited the transcription of GYS2 in the support of HBx/HDAC1 complex. In summary, our findings suggest that GYS2 serves as a prognostic factor and functions as a tumor suppressor in HCC. The newly identified HBx/GYS2/p53 axis is responsible for the deregulation of glycogen metabolism and represents a promising therapeutic target for the clinical management of HCC.SynopsisThis study elucidate the role of GYS2 in glycogen metabolism and the progression of HCC. The newly identified HBx/GYS2/p53 axis is responsible for the deregulation of glycogen metabolism and represents a promising therapeutic target for the clinical management of HCC.Decrease of GYS2 was significantly correlated with decreased glycogen content and unfavorable patient outcomes in a large cohort containing 768 patients with HCC.GYS2 overexpression suppressed, whereas GYS2 knockdown facilitated cell proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo via modulating p53 signaling pathway.GYS2 competitively bound to MDM2 to prevent p53 from MDM2-mediated ubiquitination and degradation.GYS2 enhanced the p300-induced acetylation of p53 at Lys373/382, which in turn inhibited the transcription of GYS2 in the support of HBx/HDAC1 complex.
A Study on the Asymmetry of the Human Left and Right Pubic Symphyseal Surfaces Using High‐Definition Data Capture and Computational Shape Methods
Authors: Stoyanova Detelina K. , Algee‐Hewitt Bridget F. B. , Kim Jieun , Slice Dennis E. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe pubic symphysis is among the most commonly used bilateral age indicators. Because of potential differences between right and left sides, it is necessary to investigate within‐individual asymmetry, which can inflate age estimation error. This study uses 3D laser scans of paired pubic symphyses for 88 documented White males. Scan data are analyzed by numerical shape algorithms, proposed as an alternative to traditional visual assessment techniques. Results are used to quantify the within‐individual asymmetry, evaluating if one side produces a better age‐estimate. Relationships between the asymmetry and advanced age, weight, and stature are examined. This analysis indicates that the computational, shape‐based techniques are robust to asymmetry (>80% of paired differences are within 10 years and >90% are within 15 years). For notably more asymmetric cases, differences in estimates are not associated with life history factors. Based on this study, either side can be used for age‐at‐death estimation by the computational methods.
The Different Physical and Chemical Composition of Grape Juice and Marc Influence Saccharomyces cerevisiae Strains Distribution During Fermentation
Authors: Bovo Barbara , Nadai Chiara , Lemos Junior Wilson Josè Fernandes , Carlot Milena , Giacomini Alessio , Corich Viviana 
Published: July 2018

AbstractDuring white‐grape winemaking, grape marc is separated from juice immediately after crushing. Both mark and juice are obtained from the same grapes, but they differ strongly for their physical and chemical properties. Marc is mainly composed of solid residues. Its pH is usually higher than that of the juice and Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains are largely present. Therefore, it can be considered as a potential alternative environment for the selection of industrial yeasts. In order to evaluate the effect of different pH and physical state of the two matrices on grapes yeast population composition, the isolation of S. cerevisiae, from both grape juice and marc during simultaneous fermentations, was performed. After yeast identification and genotyping, strains present at high frequencies were tested in fermentation at different pH values. Biofilm production was also tested to evaluate strain ability to develop on a solid matrix. Genotype analysis showed that high‐frequency strains were always more abundant in one of the two environments, suggesting the existence of a selective effect. Generally, fermentations at different pH revealed that the best fermentation performance of each strain, in terms of CO2 production, was in the pH range of its original environment. Only one strain, mostly present in grape marc, produced a high biofilm level. Therefore, biofilm production does not seem to favor strain adaptation to grape marc condition.Practical ApplicationThese results demonstrate that grape juice and marc represent two different environments able to influence yeast strains distribution. The pH level can be included among the selection factors acting on yeast strains distribution. Grape marc can be considered a yeasts reservoir and its fermentation can be used for the development and isolation of new strains, genetically and physiologically different from those present in the grape juice.
First urinary tract infections in children: the role of the risk factors proposed by the Italian recommendations
Authors: Alberici I , La Manna A , Pennesi M , Starc M , Scozzola F , Nicolini G , Toffolo A , Marra G , Chimenz R , Sica F , Maringhini S , Monasta L , Montini G 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAimIn 2009, the Italian society for paediatric nephrology suggested the need for cystography, following a first febrile urinary tract infection (UTI), only in children at high risk for dilating vesicoureteral reflux or in the event of a second infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the adequacy of the risk factors proposed by the Italian guidelines.MethodsChildren aged 2–36 months, managed by 10 Italian hospitals between 2009 and 2013, with a first febrile UTI were retrospectively evaluated.ResultsFour hundred and fourteen children were included: 51% female, mean age eight months. Escherichia coli was responsible of 84% UTIs. 269 children (65%) presented at least one risk factor, thus were further investigated: 44% had a reflux. The presence of a pathogen other than E. coli significantly predicted high‐grade reflux, both in the univariate (Odd Ratio 2.52, 95% Confidence Interval 1.32–4.81, p < 0.005) and multivariate analysis (OR 2.74, 95% CI: 1.39–5.41, p: 0.003). 26/145 children (18%) with no risk factors experienced a second UTI, which prompted the execution of cystography, showing a dilating reflux in 11.ConclusionAmong the risk factors proposed by the Italian guidelines, only the presence of a pathogen other than E. coli significantly predicted reflux. Cystography can be postponed in children with no risk factors.
Progressive Multi‐Jittered Sample Sequences
Authors: Christensen Per , Kensler Andrew , Kilpatrick Charlie 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe introduce three new families of stochastic algorithms to generate progressive 2D sample point sequences. This opens a general framework that researchers and practitioners may find useful when developing future sample sequences. Our best sequences have the same low sampling error as the best known sequence (a particular randomization of the Sobol’ (0,2) sequence). The sample points are generated using a simple, diagonally alternating strategy that progressively fills in holes in increasingly fine stratifications. The sequences are progressive (hierarchical): any prefix is well distributed, making them suitable for incremental rendering and adaptive sampling. The first sample family is only jittered in 2D; we call it progressive jittered. It is nearly identical to existing sample sequences. The second family is multi‐jittered: the samples are stratified in both 1D and 2D; we call it progressive multi‐jittered. The third family is stratified in all elementary intervals in base 2, hence we call it progressive multi‐jittered (0,2). We compare sampling error and convergence of our sequences with uniform random, best candidates, randomized quasi‐random sequences (Halton and Sobol'), Ahmed's ART sequences, and Perrier's LDBN sequences. We test the sequences on function integration and in two settings that are typical for computer graphics: pixel sampling and area light sampling. Within this new framework we present variations that generate visually pleasing samples with blue noise spectra, and well‐stratified interleaved multi‐class samples; we also suggest possible future variations.
Deep Adaptive Sampling for Low Sample Count Rendering
Authors: Kuznetsov Alexandr , Kalantari Nima Khademi , Ramamoorthi Ravi 
Published: July 2018

AbstractRecently, deep learning approaches have proven successful at removing noise from Monte Carlo (MC) rendered images at extremely low sampling rates, e.g., 1–4 samples per pixel (spp). While these methods provide dramatic speedups, they operate on uniformly sampled MC rendered images. However, the full promise of low sample counts requires both adaptive sampling and reconstruction/denoising. Unfortunately, the traditional adaptive sampling techniques fail to handle the cases with low sampling rates, since there is insufficient information to reliably calculate their required features, such as variance and contrast. In this paper, we address this issue by proposing a deep learning approach for joint adaptive sampling and reconstruction of MC rendered images with extremely low sample counts. Our system consists of two convolutional neural networks (CNN), responsible for estimating the sampling map and denoising, separated by a renderer. Specifically, we first render a scene with one spp and then use the first CNN to estimate a sampling map, which is used to distribute three additional samples per pixel on average adaptively. We then filter the resulting render with the second CNN to produce the final denoised image. We train both networks by minimizing the error between the denoised and ground truth images on a set of training scenes. To use backpropagation for training both networks, we propose an approach to effectively compute the gradient of the renderer. We demonstrate that our approach produces better results compared to other sampling techniques. On average, our 4 spp renders are comparable to 6 spp from uniform sampling with deep learning‐based denoising. Therefore, 50% more uniformly distributed samples are required to achieve equal quality without adaptive sampling.
A Composite BRDF Model for Hazy Gloss
Authors: Barla P. , Pacanowski R. , Vangorp P. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe introduce a bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) model for the rendering of materials that exhibit hazy reflections, whereby the specular reflections appear to be flanked by a surrounding halo. The focus of this work is on artistic control and ease of implementation for real‐time and off‐line rendering. We propose relying on a composite material based on a pair of arbitrary BRDF models; however, instead of controlling their physical parameters, we expose perceptual parameters inspired by visual experiments [VBF17]. Our main contribution then consists in a mapping from perceptual to physical parameters that ensures the resulting composite BRDF is valid in terms of reciprocity, positivity and energy conservation. The immediate benefit of our approach is to provide direct artistic control over both the intensity and extent of the haze effect, which is not only necessary for editing purposes, but also essential to vary haziness spatially over an object surface. Our solution is also simple to implement as it requires no new importance sampling strategy and relies on existing BRDF models. Such a simplicity is key to approximating the method for the editing of hazy gloss in real‐time and for compositing.
Thin Structures in Image Based Rendering
Authors: Thonat Theo , Djelouah Abdelaziz , Durand Fredo , Drettakis George 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe propose a novel method to handle thin structures in Image‐Based Rendering (IBR), and specifically structures supported by simple geometric shapes such as planes, cylinders, etc. These structures, e.g. railings, fences, oven grills etc, are present in many man‐made environments and are extremely challenging for multi‐view 3D reconstruction, representing a major limitation of existing IBR methods. Our key insight is to exploit multi‐view information. After a handful of user clicks to specify the supporting geometry, we compute multi‐view and multi‐layer alpha mattes to extract the thin structures. We use two multi‐view terms in a graph‐cut segmentation, the first based on multi‐view foreground color prediction and the second ensuring multiview consistency of labels. Occlusion of the background can challenge reprojection error calculation and we use multiview median images and variance, with multiple layers of thin structures. Our end‐to‐end solution uses the multi‐layer segmentation to create per‐view mattes and the median colors and variance to create a clean background. We introduce a new multi‐pass IBR algorithm based on depth‐peeling to allow free‐viewpoint navigation of multi‐layer semi‐transparent thin structures. Our results show significant improvement in rendering quality for thin structures compared to previous image‐based rendering solutions.
Evaluation of volumetric wear of abutments on the retention loss of ball attachment systems in implant‐retained overdentures: An in vitro study
Authors: Yabul Ali , Dayan Cagatay , Geckili Onur , Bilhan Hakan , Tuncer Necat 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundThere is a lack of studies evaluating the wear of the male components of the ball attachment systems of implant‐retained overdentures.PurposeThe purpose of this study was to compare the volumetric wear patterns four commercially used ball abutments.Materials and MethodsForty‐eight identical polyethylene and acrylic blocks were fabricated and four groups consisting of 12 polyethylene blocks with two implants and 12 acrylic blocks, which were used as overdentures, were generated (two groups with plastic females, one group with gold and one group with titanium females). Every specimen underwent 5000 insertion and removal cycles (~4.5 years) and retention forces were measured. For the evaluation of volumetric wear, all the ball abutments were scanned before and after the 5000 cycles using a three‐dimensional scanner and the data were analyzed using the software supplied by the manufacturer.ResultsStatistically significant retention force differences were observed between the groups at each cycle (P < .05). Among the four groups, retention force was lowest in the group with titanium females (5.59 ± 2.27) and highest in the group with gold females (43.0 ± 6.3) at the end of 5000 cycles. Statistically significant dimensional changes in the male components were observed between the groups (P < .05). Volumetric losses were 11%‐13% in Group I and II, 1% in Group III, and 25% in Group IV. Group III showed significantly lower volumetric wear whereas Group IV showed significantly higher volumetric wear than all the other groups (P < .001). No significance was detected between Group I and II (P > .05).ConclusionWithin the limitations, it can be concluded that although clinical studies are needed to ensure the findings of the present study, due to severe retention loss and volumetric abutment wear, ball attachments with titanium female components should be used with caution.
Antibiotic prophylaxis in clean head and neck surgery: A prospective randomised controlled trial
Authors: Shkedy Yotam , Stern Sagit , Nachalon Yuval , Levi Dana , Menasherov Inga , Reifen Ella , Shpitzer Thomas 
Published: July 2018

ObjectiveAntibiotic prophylaxis is not indicated for clean head and neck surgery. However, its role in revision cases is not known. The objective was to prospectively test whether antibiotics are useful in this patient group.DesignThis was a prospective, double‐blind, randomised, placebo‐controlled study.SettingA single‐centre study in a tertiary care centre.ParticipantsThe patients were selected from a referred sample of adult patients (>18 years old) who were planned to undergo revision clean head and neck surgery and who had no preoperative indication for prophylactic antibiotics (eg previous radiation therapy, tracheostomy, active infection, immunosuppression). A total of 59 patients were approached for the study. After exclusion, 53 were available for final analysis.InterventionThe intervention group received a single‐dose cefazolin, while the control group received placebo.Main outcomesThe primary end‐point was the combined rate of surgical wound infection, bacteremia and sepsis. The secondary end‐points were length of hospital stay and drug‐induced adverse reactions.ResultsA total of 53 patients were randomised to 2 groups: 31 to antibiotics group and 22 to control group. There was no difference between the groups in baseline characteristics. The primary end‐point occurred in both groups at the same rate. There was no difference in secondary end‐point rate, as well.ConclusionProphylactic antibiotics appear to have no benefit in revision, clean head and neck surgery. Further studies in larger populations and other settings are needed.(ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT01980082, clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01980082).
The treatment of anal fistula: secondACPGBIPosition Statement – 2018
Authors: Williams G. , Williams A. , Tozer P. , Phillips R. , Ahmad A. , Jayne D. , Maxwell‐Armstrong C. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIt is over 10 years since the firstACPGBIPosition Statement on the management of anal fistula was published in 2007. This second edition is the result of scrutiny of the literature published during this time; it updates the original Position Statement and reviews the published evidence surrounding treatments for anal fistula that have been developed since the original publication.
The neural development of pragmatic inference‐making in natural discourse
Authors: Schwartz Flora , Epinat‐Duclos Justine , Noveck Ira , Prado Jérôme 
Published: July 2018

AbstractOlder interlocutors are more likely than younger ones to make pragmatic inferences, that is, inferences that go beyond the linguistically encoded meaning of a sentence. Here we ask whether pragmatic development is associated with increased activity in brain structures associated with inference‐making or in those associated with Theory of Mind. We employed a reading task that presents vignettes in one of two versions, one of which is expected to prompt more pragmatic processing. Both versions present a major premise containing three possibilities (e.g., Xavier is considering Thursday, Friday or Saturday for inviting his girlfriend out). In theFully‐Deductive(control) condition, the major premise is followed by two disjunction‐elimination premises through two separate lines (one indicating that Saturday is not convenient and another saying that Thursday is not convenient); this is followed by a valid conclusion (e.g., “I'll reserve Friday”). In theImplicated‐Premisecondition, the first disjunction‐elimination premise is followed by a second similar one that eliminates the same disjunction (e.g., both lines explain why Saturday is not convenient). In this condition, readers may pragmatically enrich the conclusion (i.e., “I'll reserve Friday” pragmatically implicates thatXavier is also eliminating Thursday from consideration). Reading times in Experiment 1 showed that processing the speaker's conclusion in theImplicated‐Premisecondition becomes increasingly more effort‐demanding as readers reach adolescence. Experiment 2 showed that this developmental pattern is related to age‐related increases infMRIactivity in fronto‐parietal regions typically involved in inference‐making processes. We found no evidence indicating age effects related to Theory of Mind areas.
Enhancing multilabel classification for food truck recommendation
Authors: Rivolli Adriano , Soares Carlos , de Carvalho André C. P. L. F. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractFood trucks are a widely popular fast food restaurant alternative, whose differentiating factor is their proximity to customers. Their popularity has stimulated the expansion of available options, which now includes several different types of cuisines, consequently making the choice by customers a challenging issue. From data obtained via a market research, in which hundreds of participants provided their food truck preferences, this paper focuses on the problem of food truck recommendation using a multilabel approach. In particular, it investigates how to improve the recommendation task regarding a previous work, where some labels have never been predicted. In order to address this problem, different alternatives were investigated. One of these alternatives, the Ensemble of Single Label, proposed in this paper, was able to reduce it. Despite its simplicity, good predictive results were obtained when they were used in the investigated task. Among other benefits, all labels were correctly predicted at least for few instances.
Historical Geography, feminist research and the gender politics of the present
Authors: Moore Francesca 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIt is thirty years since the first call to engage with gender as an analytical category was made in the sub‐discipline of Historical Geography. Significant advances in scholarship have been made in this time, particularly the re‐situation of women in the history of Geography as a subject. This paper looks to the next thirty years in Historical Geography and asks how the sub‐discipline can retain and develop its critical political edge. In the 2017 Women's Marches protestors dressed as suffragettes from the early twentieth century and proclaimed that little had changed in the fight for women's rights. Taking this ‘Victorian present’ as a starting point, this paper explores ways to connect Historical Geography to the gender politics of the present. The paper argues that the sub‐discipline has the methodological tools to use the past as a form of female power to engage with the inequalities that women still face. A sketch of a feminist historical geography of the present is provided using emancipatory and participatory research tools.