bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intranasal endoscopic identification of the nasal septal L‐strut: a cadaveric study
Authors: Alhedaithy Riyadh , Alhussien Ahmed , Alroqi Ahmad , Alromaih Saud , Aloulah Mohammad , Alsaleh Saad 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundPreserving the L‐shaped strut during septoplasty is a crucial step in the prevention of several types of postoperative nasal deformities. In this study, we aimed to identify the intranasal anatomic landmarks to establish reliable and feasible measurements to preserve an adequate L‐strut during an endoscopic septoplasty.MethodsA prospective study was conducted on 20 cadaver heads. Three measurements were studied within each side of the nasal cavity. The dorsal strut (DS) was measured from the dorsal line to the septal dorsum edge. Then, the caudal strut was measured from 2 different landmarks: the axilla of the inferior turbinate (CSIT) and the pyriform aperture (CSP).ResultsWe examined a total of 40 nasal cavities from 20 cadavers. The DS showed an average length of 15.1 mm (standard deviation [SD], 3.2 mm). The average lengths of the CSIT and CSP were 23.6 (SD, 3.6) mm and 19.4 (SD, 2.7) mm, respectively.ConclusionSuggested landmarks to identify the dorsal and caudal struts in endoscopic septoplasty are the axilla of the middle turbinate and pyriform aperture bone, respectively. The utilization of the inferior turbinate axilla as a caudal strut landmark showed larger variability and would potentially leave excessive caudal cartilage that could be manipulated if deviated.
A Facile Strategy for the Construction of Purely Organic Optical Sensors Capable of Distinguishing D2O from H2O
Authors: Luo Yanju , Li Chuan , Zhu Wencheng , Zheng Xujun , Huang Yan , Lu Zhiyun 
Published: March 2019

AbstractOwing to the quite similar chemical properties of H2O and D2O, rational molecular design of D2O optical sensors has not been realized so far. Now purely organic chromophores bearing OH groups with appropriate pKa values are shown to display distinctly different optical responding properties toward D2O and H2O owing to the slight difference in acidity between D2O and H2O. This discovery is a new and facile strategy for the construction of D2O optical sensors. Through this strategy, ratiometric colorimetric D2O sensor of NIM‐2F and colorimetric/fluorescent dual‐channel D2O sensor of AF were acquired successfully. Both NIM‐2F and AF can not only qualitatively distinguish D2O from H2O by the naked eye, but also quantitatively detect the H2O content in D2O.
DABCOnium: Ein effizienter und Hochspannungs‐stabiler Singulett‐Sauerstoff‐Löscher für Metall‐O2‐Zellen
Authors: Petit Yann K. , Leypold Christian , Mahne Nika , Mourad Eléonore , Schafzahl Lukas , Slugovc Christian , Borisov Sergey M. , Freunberger Stefan A. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractSingulett‐Sauerstoff (1O2) verursacht einen Großteil der parasitären Chemie während des Zellbetriebs von nichtwässrigen Alkalimetall‐O2‐Batterien und trägt auch zur Grenzflächenreaktivität von Übergangsmetalloxid‐Einlagerungsverbindungen bei. Wir führen DABCOnium, die monoalkylierte Form von 1,4‐Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octan (DABCO), als effizienten 1O2‐Löscher mit ungewöhnlich hoher Oxidationsstabilität von ≈4.2 V vs. Li/Li+ ein. Bisher bekannte Löscher sind stark Lewis‐basische Amine mit zu geringer Oxidationsstabilität. DABCOnium ist eine ionische Flüssigkeit, nicht flüchtig, im Elektrolyten hochlöslich, stabil gegen Superoxid und Peroxid, und kompatibel mit Lithiummetall. Die elektrochemische Stabilität deckt den erforderlichen Bereich für Metall‐O2‐Batterien ab und reduziert die 1O2‐bedingte parasitäre Chemie erheblich, wie für die Li‐O2‐Zelle gezeigt wird.
Strain Release of Fused Pentagons in Fullerene Cages by Chemical Functionalization
Authors: Guan Runnan , Chen Muqing , Jin Fei , Yang Shangfeng 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAccording to the isolated pentagon rule (IPR), for stable fullerenes, the 12 pentagons should be isolated from one another by hexagons, otherwise the fused pentagons will result in an increase in the local steric strain of the fullerene cage. However, the successful isolation of more than 100 endohedral and exohedral fullerenes containing fused pentagons over the past 20 years has shown that strain release of fused pentagons in fullerene cages is feasible. Herein, we present a general overview on fused‐pentagon‐containing (i.e. non‐IPR) fullerenes through an exhaustive review of all the types of fused‐pentagon‐containing fullerenes reported to date. We clarify how the strain of fused pentagons can be released in different manners, and provide an in‐depth understanding of the role of fused pentagons in the stability, electronic properties, and chemical reactivity of fullerene cages.
DABCOnium: An Efficient and High‐Voltage Stable Singlet Oxygen Quencher for Metal–O2 Cells
Authors: Petit Yann K. , Leypold Christian , Mahne Nika , Mourad Eléonore , Schafzahl Lukas , Slugovc Christian , Borisov Sergey M. , Freunberger Stefan A. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractSinglet oxygen (1O2) causes a major fraction of the parasitic chemistry during the cycling of non‐aqueous alkali metal‐O2 batteries and also contributes to interfacial reactivity of transition‐metal oxide intercalation compounds. We introduce DABCOnium, the mono alkylated form of 1,4‐diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO), as an efficient 1O2 quencher with an unusually high oxidative stability of ca. 4.2 V vs. Li/Li+. Previous quenchers are strongly Lewis basic amines with too low oxidative stability. DABCOnium is an ionic liquid, non‐volatile, highly soluble in the electrolyte, stable against superoxide and peroxide, and compatible with lithium metal. The electrochemical stability covers the required range for metal–O2 batteries and greatly reduces 1O2 related parasitic chemistry as demonstrated for the Li–O2 cell.
Wound dressings: Current advances and future directions
Authors: Rezvani Ghomi Erfan , Khalili Shahla , Nouri Khorasani Saied , Esmaeely Neisiany Rasoul , Ramakrishna Seeram 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTWound healing is a complicated and continuous process affected by several factors, which needs an appropriate surrounding to achieve accelerated healing. Wound healing process recruits three different phases: inflammation, proliferation, and maturation. Due to the different types of wounds, as well as the advancement in medical technology, various products have been developed to repair different skin lesions. Our objective is to investigate the advancement in wound dressings from traditional to the current methods of treatment. The article presents the characteristics of an ideal wound dressing, the requirements for the appropriate selection of different types of wounds, and a detailed classification of wound dressings. Animal origin, herbal origin, and synthetic dressings are firstly introduced and reviewed. Then, nonmedicated dressings including alginate, hydrogel, and hydrocolloid dressings, as well as medicated dressings are discussed. Finally, the developmental prospectives of the new generations of wound dressings for future researches are presented. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47738.
Testing Hopkins’ Bioclimatic Law with PhenoCam data
Authors: Richardson Andrew D. , Hufkens Koen , Li Xiaolu , Ault Toby R. 
Published: March 2019

Premise of the StudyWe investigated the spatial and temporal patterns of vegetation phenology with phenometrics derived from PhenoCam imagery. Specifically, we evaluated the Bioclimatic Law proposed by Hopkins, which relates phenological transitions to latitude, longitude, and elevation.Methods“Green‐up” and “green‐down” dates—representing the start and end of the annual cycles of vegetation activity—were estimated from measures of canopy greenness calculated from digital repeat photography. We used data from 65 deciduous broadleaf (DB) forest sites, 18 evergreen needleleaf (EN) forest sites, and 21 grassland (GR) sites.ResultsDB green‐up dates were well correlated with mean annual temperature and varied along spatial gradients consistent with the Bioclimatic Law. Interannual variation in DB phenology was most strongly associated with temperature anomalies during a relatively narrow window of time. EN phenology was not well correlated with either climatic factors or spatial gradients, but similar to DB phenology, interannual variation was most closely associated with temperature anomalies. For GR sites, mean annual precipitation explained most of the spatial variation in the duration of vegetation activity, whereas both temperature and precipitation anomalies explained interannual variation in phenology.DiscussionPhenoCam data provide an objective and consistent means by which spatial and temporal patterns in vegetation phenology can be investigated.
The Preparation of Enantiopure [6]‐ and [7]Helicenes from Binaphthanol
Authors: Chen Shaojin , Ge Zhaohai , Jia Qiang , Wang Kun‐Peng , Gan Li‐Hua , Hu Zhi‐Qiang 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA general and efficient synthetic methodology for the preparation of enantio‐ and diastereopure [6]‐, and [7]helicenes is developed. Commercially available chiral binaphthanols are utilized to generate the arylene‐vinylene precursors, which undergo helical folding via photocyclization to give enantio‐ and diastereopure [6]‐, and [7]helicenes. These optically pure helicenes could be easily obtained via silica gel column chromatography without the use of expensive HPLC or chiral resolution reagents. The configurations and structures of these helicenes are confirmed by CD spectra and X‐ray crystallographic analysis. This work provides a new method for preparation of enantiopure helicenes.
Semiparametric spatio‐temporal analysis of regional GDP growth with respect to renewable energy consumption levels
Authors: Formánek Tomáš 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis article evaluates the impact of renewable energy consumption levels on GDP growth. Renewable energy sources may be significantly more costly as compared to classical (fossil) sources. Hence, high relative proportion of renewable energy has the potential of obstructing economic growth. On the other hand, in developed countries, renewable energy adoption processes are often subject to prominent state‐level incentives, administrative ingerence, and fiscal subsidies. For stratified and unbiased evaluation of the overall effect of renewables on GDP, this article applies a spatio‐temporal analysis of GDP growth at the regional NUTS2 level in a conveniently selected group of 11 spatially adjacent yet heterogeneous EU member states. As macroeconomic covariates are controlled for, along with spatial and temporal interdependencies, there is no sign of negative impact of renewable energy consumption on GDP growth. While the estimated overall effect is positive and statistically significant, its economic significance is small. Yet, given the data and economies considered, we may conclude that renewable energy consumption does not exert negative influence on economic growth rates.
Motivated by guilt and low felt trust: The impact of negotiators' anger expressions on the implementation of negotiated agreements
Authors: Campagna Rachel L. , Mislin Alexandra A. , Bottom William P. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPrior research has identified benefits from certain emotion tactics in negotiation, particularly expressing anger to achieve short‐term gains. We demonstrate that such tactics can be strategically problematic due to their impact on an actor's emotions and felt trust. Through five studies, we find that negotiators' use of anger tactics during a negotiation increased their feelings of guilt and reduced the extent to which they felt trusted by their counterpart following the negotiation. We found this guilt to be the result of their aggressive tone and how they treated their counterpart. The guilt and diminished felt trust in turn motivated negotiators to engage in greater cooperative behaviors during the deal implementation process that benefited their counterpart, even if doing so was costly to the negotiator. Our results demonstrate that negotiator guilt and felt trust resulting from anger tactics influence the dynamic relationship between negotiators and their counterparts. This in turn has strategic implications for negotiators, who attempt to mitigate these negative feelings during the crucial implementation phase of a negotiated agreement.
Assessment of dynamic functional connectivity in resting‐state fMRI using the sliding window technique
Authors: Savva Antonis D. , Mitsis Georgios D. , Matsopoulos George K. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIntroductionRecent studies related to assessing functional connectivity (FC) in resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging have revealed that the resulting connectivity patterns exhibit considerable fluctuations (dynamic FC [dFC]). A widely applied method for quantifying dFC is the sliding window technique. According to this method, the data are divided into segments with the same length (window size) and a correlation metric is employed to assess the connectivity within these segments, whereby the window size is often empirically chosen.MethodsIn this study, we rigorously investigate the assessment of dFC using the sliding window approach. Specifically, we perform a detailed comparison between different correlation metrics, including Pearson, Spearman and Kendall correlation, Pearson and Spearman partial correlation, Mutual Information (MI), Variation of Information (VI), Kullback–Leibler divergence, Multiplication of Temporal Derivatives and Inverse Covariance.ResultsUsing test–retest datasets, we show that MI and VI yielded the most consistent results by achieving high reliability with respect to dFC estimates for different window sizes. Subsequent hypothesis testing, based on multivariate phase randomization surrogate data generation, allowed the identification of dynamic connections between the posterior cingulate cortex and regions in the frontal lobe and inferior parietal lobes, which were overall in agreement with previous studies.ConclusionsIn the case of MI and VI, a window size of at least 120 s was found to be necessary for detecting dFC for some of the previously identified dynamically connected regions.
RETRACTED: CUL4B promotes aggressive phenotypes of HNSCC via the activation of the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway
Authors: Wang Yuanyuan , Yue Dan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPrevious studies have revealed that CUL4B is overexpressed in various types of cancer and that its overexpression is related to the progression and metastasis of tumors. However, the biological functions of CUL4B in the progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are still not well understood. In the current study, we aimed to determine the changes in biological functions and molecular events that are related to CUL4B overexpression. Interestingly, our results showed that CUL4B is upregulated in HNSCC and that its upregulation is associated with poor survival and worse histological grade. Overexpression of CUL4B promoted cancer cell growth, invasion, and migration, as well as epithelial‐mesenchymal transition, whereas the loss of CUL4B abrogated these malignant phenotypes. Moreover, our mechanistic investigations suggest that the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway was activated by CUL4B overexpression. Treatment with a Wnt/β‐catenin inhibitor decreased CUL4B‐induced migration and invasion, establishing a key role of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling in mediating the effects of CUL4B expression. Together, these results demonstrate a key contribution of CUL4B overexpression in the malignant behavior of HNSCC cells, at least in part through the stimulation of angiogenesis and the activation of the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway.
SNP mutation‐related genes in breast cancer for monitoring and prognosis of patients: A study based on the TCGA database
Authors: Gao Chundi , Zhuang Jing , Zhou Chao , Li Huayao , Liu Cun , Liu Lijuan , Feng Fubin , Liu Ruijuan , Sun Changgang 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAdvances in cancer biology have allowed early diagnosis and more comprehensive treatment of breast cancer (BC). However, it remains the most common cause of cancer death in women worldwide because of its strong invasiveness and metastasis. In‐depth study of the molecular pathogenesis of BC and of relevant prognostic markers would improve the quality of life and prognosis of patients. In this study, bioinformatics analysis of SNP‐related data from BC patients provided in the TCGA database revealed that six mutant genes (NCOR1, GATA3, CDH1, ATM, AKT1, and PTEN) were significantly associated with the corresponding expression levels of the proteins. The proteins were involved in multiple pathways related to the development of cancer, including the PI3K‐Akt signaling pathway, pertinent microRNAs, and the MAPK signaling pathway. In addition, overall survival and recurrence‐free survival analysis revealed the close associations of the expression of GATA3, NCOR1, CDH1, and ATM with survival of BC patients. Therefore, detecting these gene mutations and exploring their corresponding expression could be valuable in predicting the prognosis of patients. The results of the high‐throughput data mining provide important fundamental bioinformatics information and a relevant theoretical basis for further exploring the molecular pathogenesis of BC and assessing the prognosis of patients.
Lin28a expression protects against streptozotocin‐induced β‐cell destruction and prevents diabetes in mice
Authors: Sung Yonghun , Jeong Jain , Kang Ri jin , Choi Minjee , Park Song , Kwon Wookbong , Lee Jinhee , Jang Soyoung , Park Si Jun , Kim Sung‐Hyun , Yi Junkoo , Choi Seong‐Kyoon , Lee Mee‐Hyun , Liu Kangdong , Dong Zigang , Ryoo Zae Young , Kim Myoung Ok 
Published: March 2019

Lin28, which is highly expressed during embryogenesis, has been shown to play an important role in cell growth and embryonic development. Meanwhile, Lin28 represses let‐7 miRNA biogenesis and block pre‐let‐7 processing in the cytoplasm. The let‐7 family of miRNAs is known to repress oncogenesis and cell cycle progression by targeting oncogenic genes and signalling pathways. Consequently, Lin28 acts as an oncogene by upregulating let‐7 targets through the repression of let‐7 biogenesis. A recent genome‐wide association study (GWAS) showed that many genes related to Type 2 diabetes (T2D) are also oncogenes or cell cycle regulators. The role of Lin28 in mouse growth and glucose metabolism in metabolic‐related tissues has also been studied. In these studies, whole‐body Lin28 overexpression was found to promote glucose utilization and prevent weight gain by inhibiting let‐7 biogenesis. Furthermore, Lin28 has been found to directly stimulate skeletal myogenesis and cell growth. Therefore, we determined whether similar effects mediated by Lin28a, which is essential for cell growth and proliferation, may also apply to pancreatic ß‐cells. We found that overexpression of Lin28a protects pancreatic β‐cells from streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced β‐cell destruction in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, Lin28a‐overexpressing transgenic (Tg) mice had higher insulin secretion in the presence of glucose than in control mice. Our findings suggest that the Lin28/let‐7 axis is an important regulator of pancreatic β‐cell functions and that precise modulation of this axis may be helpful in treating metabolic diseases such as diabetes.Significance of the studyWe demonstrate that Lin28a prevents pancreatic β‐cell death against streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced β‐cell destruction in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, Lin28a promotes cell survival and proliferation by activating the PI3K‐Akt signalling pathway, which may be dependent on let‐7 regulation. Taken together, our results imply that the Lin28a/let‐7 axis is an important regulator of pancreatic β‐cell functions and that precise modulation of this axis may be helpful in treating metabolic diseases such as diabetes.
Highly Efficient Rh‐catalysts Immobilised by π‐π Stacking for the Asymmetric Hydroformylation of Norbornene under Continuous Flow Conditions
Authors: Cunillera Anton , Blanco Carolina , Gual Aitor , Marinkovic Jakob Maximilian , Garcia‐Suarez Eduardo J. , Riisager Anders , Claver Carmen , Ruiz Aurora , Godard Cyril 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe application of C1‐symmetrical diphosphite ligands containing furanose backbone in the Rh‐catalysed asymmetric hydroformylation of norbornene is described. The catalysts were highly active and produced exclusively exo‐norbornanecarboxaldehyde with enantioselectivities (ee) up to 71 %. Considering these promising results, the ligands were modified with a pyrene moiety to accomplish their immobilisation onto carbon materials. The corresponding Rh complexes bearing the novel pyrene‐tagged ligands were synthesised and immobilised onto multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and carbon beads (CBs). The novel catalytic systems were tested in the asymmetric hydroformylation of norbornene providing similar performance in terms of both activity and selectivity compared to the non‐immobilised systems. The recyclability of the new heterogenised catalysts was studied in the target reaction in batch mode. Nevertheless, the recycling was unsuccessful due to catalyst leaching. When used under continuous flow mode, these catalysts revealed robust and provided even higher ee than the corresponding homogeneous systems.
Unexpected Selective Methyl Group Abstractions from SiMe3 Moieties of CH2SiMe3 Ligands To Give New Cationic Titanium Complexes
Authors: Fischer Malte , Barbul Daniel , Schmidtmann Marc , Beckhaus Ruediger 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe synthesis of the alkylated pentafulvene titanium complex Cp*Ti(CH2SiMe3)(π‐η5:σ‐η1‐C5H4=CR2) (CR2=adamantylidene) is described. The coordination mode of the pentafulvene ligand in this complex allowed for the subsequent synthesis of a series of nitrile‐insertion products. By reacting these neutral compounds with the strong Lewis acid B(C6F5)3, unprecedented selective methyl‐group abstractions from the SiMe3 moieties under formation of novel cationic titanium complexes with the corresponding MeB(C6F5)3− anion are demonstrated. The proposed silylium ion intermediates of these reactions are directly stabilized by either the exocyclic carbon atom of the pentafulvene ligand or by the lone pairs of the nitrogen atoms of the chelating Cp,N‐ligands. In addition, a titanium enamine complex and its reaction with B(C6F5)3 is reported, which results in the formation of a betaine.
Furanosyl Oxocarbenium Ion Conformational Energy Landscape Maps as a Tool to Study the Glycosylation Stereoselectivity of 2‐Azidofuranoses, 2‐Fluorofuranoses and Methyl Furanosyl Uronates
Authors: van der Vorm Stefan , Hansen Thomas , van Rijssel Erwin R. , Dekkers Rolf , Madern Jerre M. , Overkleeft Herman S. , Filippov Dmitri V. , van der Marel Gijsbert A. , Codée Jeroen D. C. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe 3D shape of glycosyl oxocarbenium ions determines their stability and reactivity and the stereochemical course of SN1 reactions taking place on these reactive intermediates is dictated by the conformation of these species. The nature and configuration of functional groups on the carbohydrate ring affect the stability of glycosyl oxocarbenium ions and control the overall shape of the cations. We herein map the stereoelectronic substituent effects of the C2‐azide, C2‐fluoride and C4‐carboxylic acid ester on the stability and reactivity of the complete suite of diastereoisomeric furanoses by using a combined computational and experimental approach. Surprisingly, all furanosyl donors studied react in a highly stereoselective manner to provide the 1,2‐cis products, except for the reactions in the xylose series. The 1,2‐cis selectivity for the ribo‐, arabino‐ and lyxo‐configured furanosides can be traced back to the lowest‐energy 3E or E3 conformers of the intermediate oxocarbenium ions. The lack of selectivity for the xylosyl donors is related to the occurrence of oxocarbenium ions adopting other conformations.