bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emotions in leaders’ enactment of professional agency
Authors: Hökkä Päivi , Vähäsantanen Katja , Paloniemi Susanna , Herranen Sanna , Eteläpelto Anneli 
Published: April 2019

PurposeAlthough there has been an increase in workplace studies on professional agency, few of these have examined the role of emotions in the enactment of agency at work. To date, professional agency has been mainly conceptualised as a goal-oriented, rational activity aimed at influencing a current state of affairs. Challenged by this, this study aims to elaborate the nature and quality of emotions and how they might be connected to the enactment of professional agency.Design/methodology/approachData are collected in the context of a leadership coaching programme that aimed to promote the leaders’ professional agency over the course of a year. The participants (11 middle-management leaders working in university and hospital contexts) were interviewed before and after the programme, and the data were analysed using qualitative content analysis.FindingsFindings showed that emotions played an important role in the leaders’ enactment of professional agency, as it pertained to their work and to their professional identity. The study suggests that enacting professional agency is by no means a matter of purely rational actions.Practical implicationsThe study suggests that emotional agency can be learned and enhanced through group-based interventions reflecting on and processing one’s own professional roles and work.Originality/valueAs a theoretical conclusion, the study argues that professional agency should be reconceptualised in such a way as to acknowledge the importance of emotions (one’s own and those of one’s fellow workers) in practising agency within organisational contexts.
Low KISS1 expression predicts poor prognosis for patients with colorectal cancer: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Xiao‐Qing , Fang Pei‐Fei , Zhang Cheng , Xu Ya‐Yun , Song Xian‐Bing , Liang Jun , Xia Qing‐Rong 
Published: April 2019

AbstractKISS1 and KISS1R, a novel pair of metastasis suppressors, are likely to be associated with the prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Here, a meta‐analysis was performed to study the role of KISS1 and KISS1R in CRC. Heterogeneity, stability and publication bias were all estimated. Six publications describing a total of 559 CRC patients were included in the present study. Low KISS1 expression predicted 70% higher risk of poor prognosis for general patients (HR, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.28–2.29) and 99% higher risk for East Asian patients (HR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.46–2.72). Limited evidence indicated that decreased KISS1R expression might predict poor outcome (HR, 2.96; 95% CI, 1.51–5.82). Neither heterogeneity nor publication bias was identified. The current analyses suggest that low KISS1 expression predicts poor overall survival among East Asian patients with CRC. Evidence on other races and KISS1R are still insufficient, and additional studies are required to clarify the risk of CRC associated with KISS1R by race.
Rei1‐like protein regulates nutritional metabolism and transport required for the asexual cycle in vitro and in vivo of a fungal insect pathogen
Authors: Shao Wei , Cai Qing , Tong Sen‐Miao , Ying Sheng‐Hua , Feng Ming‐Guang 
Published: April 2019

SummaryRei1 is a cytoplasm‐specific pre‐60S subunit export factor that functions exclusively in cold‐sensitive yeast growth but remains unexplored in filamentous fungi. Here, we report that Rei1‐like BbRei1 is localized in both cytoplasm and nucleus and acts as a vital regulator in Beauveria bassiana. Deletion of BbRei1 resulted in delayed conidial germination, abnormally polarized germlings, severe growth defects on various carbon/nitrogen sources and reduced conidiation capacity as well as low temperature‐sensitive growth. In ΔBbrei1, greatly attenuated virulence correlated with reduced activities of enzymes secreted for cuticular penetration and blocked formation of hyphal bodies in vivo essential for facilitation of host mummification. Revealed by transcriptomic analysis, 560 and 840 genes were significantly up‐ and down‐regulated in ΔBbrei1 versus wild‐type respectively, representing 13.5% of the fungal genome. Many repressed genes were involved in metabolism and transport of carbohydrates and amino acids. However, electrophoretic mobility shift assays presented no interactions of purified BbRei1 with 14 promoter DNA fragments. Conclusively, BbRei1 plays a pivotal role in gene expression and metabolism of nutrients and energy essential for the asexual cycle in vitro and in vivo of B. bassiana and functions much beyond the role for the yeast Rei1 in cold‐sensitive cell growth.
Effects of oral probiotic supplements on vaginal microbiota during pregnancy: a randomised, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial with microbiome analysis
Authors: Husain S , Allotey J , Drymoussi Z , Wilks M , Fernandez‐Felix BM , Whiley A , Dodds J , Thangaratinam S , McCourt C , Prosdocimi EM , Wade WG , de Tejada BM , Zamora J , Khan K , Millar M 
Published: April 2019

ObjectiveTo determine the effects on the vaginal microbiota of an oral probiotic preparation administered from early pregnancy.DesignRandomised, double blind, placebo‐controlled trial.SettingFour maternity units in the UK.PopulationWomen aged 16 years or older recruited at 9–14 weeks' gestation.MethodsParticipants were randomly allocated to receive oral capsules of probiotic containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR‐1 and Lactobacillus reuteri RC‐14 each at 2.5 × 109 colony‐forming units (CFUs) or placebo once daily from recruitment until the end of pregnancy.Main outcome measureRates of bacterial vaginosis (BV, defined as Nugent score ≥7) at 18–20 weeks' gestation compared by logistic regression adjusted for possible confounders.ResultsThe primary analysis included 78% (238/304) of participants who initially consented (probiotic group 123, placebo group 115). Of these participants, 95% (227/238) reported an intake of 93% or more of the required number of capsules. The rates of BV did not differ between groups at 18–20 weeks' gestation (15% (19/123) in the probiotic group vs. 9% (10/115) in the placebo group, adjusted odds ratio 1.82, 95% confidence interval 0.64–5.19). There were also no differences between the groups in the proportion of women colonised with the probiotic strains, Escherichia coli, group B streptococci or other vaginal microbiota. There were no differences in the alpha diversity or composition of the bacterial communities between or within the probiotic and placebo groups at 9–14 and 18–20 weeks’ gestation.ConclusionsOral probiotics taken from early pregnancy did not modify the vaginal microbiota.Tweetable abstractThe oral probiotic preparation used in this study does not prevent BV in pregnant women.
Lower risk of invasive meningococcal disease during pregnancy: national prospective surveillance in England, 2011–2014
Authors: Parikh SR , Borrow R , Ramsay ME , Ladhani SN 
Published: April 2019

ObjectiveTo describe cases of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) in women of childbearing age and to estimate the disease incidence and relative risk of IMD in pregnant compared with non‐pregnant women.DesignProspective enhanced national surveillance for IMD.SettingEngland.PopulationWomen of reproductive age (15–44 years) with laboratory‐confirmed IMD.MethodsPublic Health England conducts enhanced national surveillance for IMD in England. Laboratory‐confirmed cases are followed up with postal questionnaires to general practitioners. All cases confirmed in women of reproductive age from 1 January 2011 to 31 December 2014 were included.Main outcome measuresAnnual IMD incidence and relative risk of IMD in pregnant compared with non‐pregnant women of reproductive age.ResultsDuring the 4‐year surveillance period, there were 1502 cases of IMD in females across England; of these, 310 (20.6%) cases were in women of reproductive age, including four women who were pregnant at the time of IMD confirmation (1.3%). Serogroup distribution of IMD cases in women of childbearing age was similar to the overall distribution. The four cases in otherwise healthy pregnant women were confirmed across all trimesters and all survived; one case in the first trimester had a septic miscarriage. The incidence of IMD was lower in pregnant than in non‐pregnant women (0.16 compared with 0.76 per 100 000 pregnant and non‐pregnant years, respectively), giving a lower risk of IMD in pregnant women (incidence rate ratio, IRR, 0.21; 95% confidence interval, 0.06–0.54).ConclusionsPregnant women are nearly five times less likely to develop IMD compared with non‐pregnant women, but the infection can be severe.Tweetable abstractThe risk of meningococcal disease is lower in pregnant women compared with non‐pregnant women; the infection can occur across all trimesters and can be severe.
Nutraceutical Potential of Seaweed Polysaccharides: Structure, Bioactivity, Safety, and Toxicity
Authors: Tanna Bhakti , Mishra Avinash 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn recent years, marine organisms including seaweeds have been highlighted as potential sources of useful metabolites and bioactive compounds, with vast biological and physiological activities. Seaweeds have long been used as a food source, for medicinal purposes, and as dietary supplements in various Asian countries, and their potential benefits have recently attracted the attention of many Western and European countries. Their commercial value depends on their applications in the food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical industries. Seaweeds are considered a potential source of nutraceuticals or functional foods, and analysis of taste‐oriented motives has revealed that seaweeds are preferentially selected over other types of marine foods by seafood consumers and people with high levels of health, education, and living status. It is a general perception that health conscious people prefer environmentally friendly food sources, and present an opportunity to focus on seaweed‐based foods, which have significant nutritional benefits to humans. Among the various bioactive constituents, seaweed polysaccharides have been proven to possess various beneficial properties including anticoagulant, anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, and antiviral activities. The diversity and composition of seaweed polysaccharides play vital roles in these biological activities. Seaweeds are a rich source of sulfated polysaccharides, which are responsible for much of the bioactivity, as they can interact with various textures and cellular proteins. A number of toxicological assays and clinical trials suggest that the ingestion of seaweeds as functional foods should be considered worldwide to improve immune responses. In this review, different polysaccharides from seaweeds and their compositions and potential nutraceutical applications are discussed.
A retrospective 4D‐MRI based on 2D diaphragm profiles for lung cancer patients
Authors: Lee Danny , Kim Siyong , Palta Jatinder , Lewis Benjamin , Keall Paul , Kim Taeho 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIntroduction4D‐MRI, compared to 4D‐CT, provides better soft‐tissue contrast for target delineation. However, motion artefacts are often observed due to residual breathing variations. This study is to present a retrospective 4D‐MRI reconstruction method based on 2D diaphragm profiles to improve the quality of 4D‐MR images in the presence of significant breathing variations.MethodsThe proposed 4D‐MRI reconstruction method utilized diaphragm profiles (2D cine images on a single sagittal plan at the peak diaphragm) in conjunction with 4D‐MR scans (2D‐cine images on multiple pre‐determined coronal planes along the anterior‐posterior direction over a volume of interest). The diaphragm profile images were exploited to sort the 4D‐MR scans by matching respiratory amplitude of diaphragm on the 4D‐MR scans to the diaphragm profiles. To evaluate reconstructed 4D‐MR images (ten 3D‐MR images), sagittal images on ten 3D‐MR images under free breathing (FB) and respiratory guidance (GB) were compared with diaphragm profile images (reference) from 13 healthy volunteers.ResultsForty‐four 4D‐MR scan datasets were successfully reconstructed without distinct respiratory‐related motion artefacts even with the presence of breathing variation. The differences in diaphragm profiles between the reference and corresponding reconstructed images in the mean of root mean square were similar between FB (3.5 mm) and GB (3.0 mm), confirming that the 4D‐MRI reconstruction method was effective even with significant breathing variation.ConclusionsThe diaphragm profiles were utilized to reconstruct 4D‐MR images with spatial reliability and a fixed scan time under FB and GB. Our method can provide reliable 4D information of thoracic and abdominal regions for MRI‐guided radiotherapy.
Sticking points: common‐agency problems and contracting in the US healthcare system
Authors: Frandsen Brigham , Powell Michael , Rebitzer James B. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe propose a “common‐agency” model for explaining inefficient contracting in the US healthcare system. Common‐agency problems arise when multiple payers seek to motivate a provider to invest in improved care coordination. We highlight the possibility of “sticking points,” that is, Pareto‐dominated equilibria in which payers coordinate around contracts which give weak incentives to the provider. Sticking points rationalize three hard‐to‐explain features of the US healthcare system: widespread fee‐for‐service arrangements; problematic care coordination; and the historical reliance on single‐specialty practices to deliver care. The model also analyzes the effects of policies promoting more efficient contracting between payers and providers.
The association between platelet dysfunction and adverse outcomes in cardiac surgical patients
Authors: Ho L. T. S. , Lenihan M. , McVey M. J. , Karkouti K. ,   the transfusion avoidance in cardiac surgery study investigators
Published: April 2019

SummaryHaemostatic activation during cardiopulmonary bypass is associated with prothrombotic complications. Although it is not possible to detect and quantify haemostatic activation directly, platelet dysfunction, as measured with point‐of‐care‐assays, may be a useful surrogate. In this study, we assessed the association between cardiopulmonary bypass‐associated platelet dysfunction and adverse outcomes in 3010 cardiac surgical patients. Platelet dysfunction, as measured near the end of the rewarming phase of cardiopulmonary bypass, was calculated as the proportion of non‐functional platelets after activation with collagen. Logistic regression and multivariable analyses were applied to assess the relationship between platelet dysfunction and a composite of in‐hospital death; myocardial infarction; stroke; deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism; and acute kidney injury (greater than a two‐fold increase in creatinine). The outcome occurred in 251 (8%) of 3010 patients. The median (IQR [range]) percentage platelet dysfunction was less for those without the outcome as compared with those with the outcome; 14% (8–28% [1–99%]) vs. 19% (11–45% [2–98%]), p < 0.001. After risk adjustment, platelet dysfunction was independently associated with the composite outcome (p < 0.001), such that for each 1% increase in platelet dysfunction there was an approximately 1% increase in the composite outcome (OR 1.012; 95%CI 1.006–1.018). This exploratory study suggests that cardiopulmonary bypass‐associated platelet dysfunction has prognostic value and may be a useful clinical measure of haemostatic activation in cardiac surgery.
Children with dyskinetic cerebral palsy are severely affected as compared to bilateral spastic cerebral palsy
Authors: Préel Marie , Rackauskaite Gija , Larsen Mads L. , Laursen Bjarne , Lorentzen Jakob , Born Alfred Peter , Langhoff‐Roos Jens , Uldall Peter , Hoei‐Hansen Christina E. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimWe aimed at describing clinical findings in children with dyskinetic as compared to bilateral spastic cerebral palsy (CP).MethodsData were extracted from the Danish nationwideCPregister. Participants were born in 1999–2007 and were 5–6 years at ascertainment.ResultsThe total number ofCPcases was 1165 of which 92 had dyskinetic and 540 bilateral spasticCP. Prevalence of dyskineticCPwas 0.16 per 1000 live births. In participants with dyskinetic compared to bilateral spasticCP, there was more frequently an Apgar level less than five at five minutes (22.7% vs. 11.2%) and neonatal seizures (43.5% vs. 28.5%), but less respiratory deficiency, hyperbilirubinaemia and sepsis. Impairment based on gross motor function classification was more severe in dyskineticCP(levelIII–V 90.0% vs. 66.0%). In dyskineticCP, there was a high rate of reduced developmental quotient (68.1%), visual impairment (39.3%) and epilepsy (51.6%). Basal ganglia lesions were more prevalent in dyskinetic compared to bilateral spasticCP(27.7% vs. 12.8%).ConclusionCases of dyskineticCPhad overlapping clinical features with cases of bilateral spasticCP, but differed significantly in several perinatal risk factors. The children with dyskineticCPhad experienced more peri‐ or neonatal adverse events, and neurodevelopmental impairment was severe.
Postoperative bleeding complications after endoscopic inguinal hernia repair in patients receiving anticoagulation agents, antiplatelet agents, or both
Authors: Mita Kazuhito , Fujino Keiichi , Asakawa Hideki , Matsuyama Tomokazu , Hayashi Takashi , Ito Hideto 
Published: April 2019

IntroductionIn patients receiving chronic anticoagulation agents, antiplatelet agents, or both, perioperative antithrombotic therapy for inguinal hernia repair requires an understanding of potential side‐effects—specifically, the postoperative bleeding risks. In the present study, we evaluated postoperative bleeding complications after transabdominal preperitoneal patch plasty (TAPP) in patients undergoing antithrombotic therapy.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 413 patients who had undergone TAPP between February 2013 and June 2017. Individuals in the antithrombotic group received one of three regimens of perioperative antithrombotic therapy. The clinical indications for chronic anticoagulation agents (ie bridging therapy with unfractionated heparin), antiplatelet agents (ie continuation of aspirin), or both were followed. The antithrombotic group was compared to the control group in terms of surgical outcomes. We primarily focused on the incidence of postoperative bleeding complications.ResultsA total of 83 patients received antithrombotic therapy. We observed significant differences between the groups in terms of mean age, ASA physical status, and length of postoperative stay. In contrast, postoperative complications were not significantly different between the antithrombotic and control groups (4.8% vs 5.5%, P = 0.818). In addition, a significantly greater postoperative bleeding rate was not observed in the antithrombotic group than in the control group (1.2% vs 0.6%, P = 0.566). Likewise, other complications were similar in both groups.ConclusionsAntithrombotic therapy is not a risk factor for postoperative bleeding complications in patients who have undergone TAPP, suggesting its safety and efficacy in this patient population. Indeed, this group has the same incidence rates of morbidity and postoperative bleeding complications as patients who have not undergone antithrombotic therapy.
Laparoscopic high anterior resection for rectal cancer with rare variations of the left renal vessels: A case report
Authors: Saito Kentaro , Hino Hitoshi , Shiomi Akio , Kagawa Hiroyasu , Yamakawa Yushi , Manabe Shoichi , Yamaoka Yusuke 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe present a case of rectal cancer with rare variations of the left renal vessels. A man in his 60s underwent endoscopic mucosal resection for an Ip‐type lesion in the upper rectum. Histologically, the lesion was a well‐differentiated adenocarcinoma that had invaded the deep submucosal layer. Therefore, additional resection of the rectum with regional lymph node dissection was recommended. Preoperative CT revealed rare variations of the left renal vessels. There were two left renal arteries and veins; the caudal left renal artery and vein were located between the inferior mesenteric artery and the abdominal aorta. During the operation, these renal vessels were confirmed, and laparoscopic high anterior resection was performed safely without any injury to these renal vessels. To avoid the risk of unexpected intraoperative injuries, it is important to preoperatively check whether there are any variations in the renal vessels, even before colorectal surgery.
Assessing the impact of the addition of dendritic cell vaccination to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients: A model‐based characterization approach
Authors: Solans Belén P. , López‐Díaz de Cerio Ascensión , Elizalde Arlette , Pina Luis Javier , Inogés Susana , Espinós Jaime , Salgado Esteban , Mejías Luis Daniel , Trocóniz Iñaki F. , Santisteban Marta 
Published: April 2019

AimsImmunotherapy is a rising alternative to traditional treatment in breast cancer (BC) patients in order to transform cold into hot immune enriched tumours and improve responses and outcome. A computational modelling approach was applied to quantify modulation effects of immunotherapy and chemotherapy response on tumour shrinkage and progression‐free survival (PFS) in naïve BC patients.MethodsEighty‐three Her2‐negative BC patients were recruited for neoadjuvant chemotherapy with or without immunotherapy based on dendritic cell vaccination. Sequential tumour size measurements were modelled using nonlinear mixed effects modelling and linked to PFS. Data from another set of patients (n = 111) were used to validate the model.ResultsTumour size profiles over time were linked to biomarker dynamics and PFS. The immunotherapy effect was related to tumour shrinkage (P < .05), with the shrinkage 17% (95% confidence interval: 2–23%) being higher in vaccinated patients, confirmed by the finding that pathological complete response rates in the breast were higher in the vaccinated compared to the control group (25.6% vs 13.6%; P = .04). The whole tumour shrinkage time profile was the major prognostic factor associated to PFS (P < .05), and therefore, immunotherapy influences indirectly on PFS, showing a trend in decreasing the probability of progression with increased vaccine effects. Tumour subtype was also associated with PFS (P < .05), showing that luminal A BC patients have better prognosis.ConclusionsDendritic cell‐based immunotherapy is effective in decreasing tumour size. The semi‐mechanistic validated model presented allows the quantification of the immunotherapy treatment effects on tumour shrinkage and establishes the relationship between the dynamics of tumour size and PFS.
Minor structural modifications to Pracinostat produce big changes in its biological responses
Authors: Jia Rong , Sun Pengju , Zhang Yan , Ge Youjin , Yu Niefang 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA series of compounds similar to Pracinostat that contained benzimidazole ring and N‐hydroxyacrylamide attached at 5‐ or 6‐position were designed, synthesized, and evaluated as HDAC inhibitors. It was interesting to find that the corresponding derivative 1 with N‐hydroxyacrylamide attached at 5‐position was a potent HDAC inhibitor while the others at 6‐position were not. This is the first time to demonstrate the position difference plays important role in the HDAC inhibitory activities of the cinnamic hydroxamates.