bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
OralCandidacarriage among cigarette‐ and waterpipe‐smokers, and electronic cigarette users
Authors: Mokeem Sameer A. , Abduljabbar Tariq , Al‐Kheraif Abdulaziz A. , Alasqah Mohmmed N. , Michelogiannakis Dimitrios , Samaranayake Lakshman P. , Javed Fawad 
Published: May 2018

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this cross‐sectional study was to compare oralCandidacarriage among cigarette‐ and waterpipe‐smokers, electronic cigarette (E‐Cig) users, and never‐smokers.MethodsDemographic data and information regarding smoking and vaping were collected using a questionnaire. Number of missing teeth and unstimulated whole salivary flow rate (UWSFR) were recorded. OralCandidasamples were collected and identified using concentrated oral rinse culture technique andPCR, respectively. Level of significance was set atp < 0.05.ResultsThirty‐four cigarette‐smokers (Group‐1), 33 waterpipe‐smokers (Group‐2), 30 E‐Cig users (Group‐3), and 32 never‐smokers (Group‐4) were included. All were male participants with comparable mean ages. In groups 1, 2, 3, and 4, oralCandidacarriage rate was 100%, 100%, 83.3% and 50%, respectively. The most commonly isolated oral yeast species in all groups wasC. albicans.C. albicanscarriage was significantly higher in groups 1 (p < 0.05), 2 (p < 0.05), and 3 (p < 0.05) than Group‐4. Data stratification for age, missing teeth, andUWSFRshowed no significant difference in oral yeasts carriage in groups 1, 2, and 3.ConclusionsOralC. albicanscarriage was significantly higher among cigarette‐ and waterpipe‐smokers and E‐Cig users than never‐smokers. No significant differences were identified among groups in the oral carriage of otherCandidaspecies.
Weather in Polish: A Contribution to the Typology of Meteorological Constructions
Authors: Andrason Alexander 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe present paper offers a comprehensive description of M[eteorological] constructions in Polish and their analysis within a typological framework formulated by Eriksen, Kittilä and Kolehmainen. The article demonstrates the utility of that framework (both with respect to its morpho‐syntactic and semantic distinctions) and corroborates various of its synchronic and diachronic hypotheses. The author also introduces original data that further advance the typology of M constructions. Overall, the evidence reveals great complexity of M constructions, much greater than presented in grammar books on which crosslinguistic studies tend to be subsequently based.
Impact of donor BK polyomavirus replication on recipient infections in living donor transplantation
Authors: Grellier Jimmy , Hirsch Hans H. , Mengelle Catherine , Esposito Laure , Hebral Anne Laure , Bellière Julie , Weissbach Fabian , Izopet Jacques , Del Bello Arnaud , Kamar Nassim 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundMultiple risk factors for BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) replication after kidney transplantation have been described. Here, we investigated the impact of living donors’ urinary BKPyV shedding and recipients’ BKPyV antibody status pre‐transplant on BKPyV replication during the first year post‐transplantation.MethodsWe assessed a cohort of living kidney donors and their paired recipients (n = 121). All donors were tested before transplantation, and recipients were tested before and after transplantation for BKPyV viruria and viremia. BKPyV‐specific serology was assessed in all recipients at transplantation.ResultsTen of 121 donors (8.3%) had urinary BKPyV shedding pre‐transplant, none had viremia. Overall, 33 (27.3%) recipients developed viruria after transplantation: 7 had received a kidney from a donor with BK viruria (7/10 positive donors) and 26 had received a kidney from a donor without BK viruria (26/111 negative donors; P = .0015). Fifteen (12.4%) recipients developed BK viremia after transplantation: 3 received a kidney from a donor with viruria (3/10 positive donors, 30%) and 12 received a kidney from a donor without viruria (12/111 negative donors, 11%; P = .08). One patient developed proven nephropathy. Ninety‐one percent of recipients were seropositive for BKPyV. No relationship between recipients’ sero‐reactivity at transplantation and post‐transplant BKPyV replication was observed. Pre‐transplant donor urinary shedding was an independent risk factor for post‐transplant BKPyV replication.ConclusionScreening living kidney donors for BKPyV can identify recipients at higher risk for BKPyV replication after transplantation who may benefit from intensified post‐transplant screening and treatment strategies.
Severe anemia associated with increased risk of death and myocardial ischemia in patients declining blood transfusion
Authors: Guinn Nicole R. , Cooter Mary L. , Villalpando Claudia , Weiskopf Richard B. 
Published: May 2018

BACKGROUNDThere are limited data on morbidity and mortality in severely anemic patients for whom blood transfusion is not an option, with most data coming only from surgical patients and no data on the rate of myocardial ischemia associated with severe anemia. We sought to determine rates of all‐cause mortality and myocardial ischemia in severely anemic hospitalized patients declining transfusion.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSWith institutional review board approval, we conducted a retrospective review of all hospital admissions for adult blood refusal patients between January 2004 and September 2015 at a single institution. Severe anemia was defined as hemoglobin (Hb) level of not more than 8.0 g/dL at any time during hospital admission. Outcomes measured included all‐cause mortality within 30 days of nadir Hb and myocardial ischemia as defined by abnormal troponin (>0.10 ng/mL). We studied the association of patient's nadir Hb with outcomes via multivariable repeated measures generalized estimating equations (GEEs).RESULTSOf 1306 blood refusal patients with hospital admissions during the study period, 263 had at least one admission with Hb level of not more than 8.0 g/dL. The rate of all‐cause mortality within 30 days was 19.8%, and the multivariable GEE model indicated a 55% increase in odds of mortality per 1 g/dL decrease in nadir Hb (odds ratio [OR], 1.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.25‐1.91; p < 0.0001). Rate of myocardial ischemia was 10.5% and in the multivariable model risk increased with decreasing nadir Hb (per 1 g/dL decrease; OR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.07‐1.90; p = 0.016).CONCLUSIONSSevere anemia is associated with increased myocardial ischemia and mortality in patients declining transfusion, with risk increasing with decreasing nadir Hb.
The behaviour and perception of illness: modulating variables of adherence in patients with haemophilia
Authors: Torres‐Ortuño A. , Cuesta‐Barriuso R. , Nieto‐Munuera J. , Galindo‐Piñana P. , López‐Pina J.‐A. 
Published: May 2018

BackgroundThe recommended treatment in patients with severe haemophilia is prophylaxis. This prevents bleedings and reduces or delays the haemophilic arthropathy. Adherence defined as the follow‐up of the patient to the prescriptions of the health professional to his treatment, both pharmacological and modifications in habits or stylelifes. Adherence rates in haemophilia are better than in other chronic diseases, but there remain reasons for nonadherence. The aim was to see if disease behaviour and disease perception together with coping strategies modulate adherence to treatment.Material and MethodsMulticenter cross‐sectional descriptive study. Patients recruited in Units of Hemophilia Hospitals and Regional Haemophilia Associations. Twenty‐three patients participated The instruments used are as follows: data sheet, SF‐36, A36 Hemophilia‐Qol, Illness Perception Questionnaire‐Revised (IPQ‐R), Illness Behavior Questionnaire (IBQ) and Coping Strategies Inventory (CSI) and VERITAS‐Pro.ResultsWe found that 56% of patients with haemophilia are adherent. The most relevant clinical variables were hemarthrosis, diagnosis of arthropathy and presence of any coinfection, as well as family history, labour status and sociodemographic variables. Age was not a relevant variable in adherence. The worst adherence coincides with poorer quality of life and inadequate coping style. Nonadherent patients show greater conviction of disease, perception of cyclicity, more hypochondriacal behaviour towards the illness and perception concern about possible side effects of medication.ConclusionAdherence in haemophilia requires a more experiential approach and individualized education. It is important that professionals take into account the patient's perception, behaviour and attitude towards the disease to achieve a better adaptation of their coping resources.
Learning from claims: hyperbilirubinaemia and kernicterus
Authors: Rennie Janet M , Beer Jeanette , Upton Michele 
Published: May 2018

We examined claims made against the National Health Service (NHS) involving neonatal jaundice in order to determine whether there were lessons that could be learnt from common themes.This was a retrospective anonymised study using information from the NHS Resolution database for 2001–2011.Twenty cases (16 males) had sufficient information for analysis. Fifteen had confirmed cerebral palsy and two young children had damage to the globus pallidus without confirmed CP. In three cases, the outcome was uncertain. Two were extremely preterm, five were born at 34–36 weeks’ gestation. Jaundice was typically present very early in life; in four cases, it was noted at less than 24hours of age, and in 14 cases, it was first noted on the second to third day. There was a lag between recognition and readmission, with a range of 26–102 hours. The peak serum bilirubin level was over 600 µmol/L in all the babies born at term. An underlying diagnosis was found in all but two; six had glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency (one also had Gilbert’s syndrome); five were diagnosed with ABO incompatibility; three with Rh haemolytic disease; one with spherocytosis and three preterm. The total cost of these claims by August 2017 was almost £150.5 million. This figure is likely to rise.These data show that, in the group who litigate, babies who develop kernicterus generally have an underlying diagnosis. We recommend adherence to theNational Institute for Health and Care Excellence guideline that recommends measuring the bilirubin level within 6 hours in all babies who are visibly jaundiced.
Maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant women with heart failure
Authors: Ng Angie T , Duan Lewei , Win Theresa , Spencer Hillard T , Lee Ming-Sum 
Published: May 2018

ObjectivesThe goal of this study is to report the prevalence, aetiology and clinical outcome of pregnant women with heart failure.MethodsThis is a retrospective community-based cohort study that included pregnant women in the Kaiser Permanente Health System between 2003 and 2014. Women with heart failure were identified using International Classification of Disease, Ninth Revision codes. Medical records were manually reviewed to confirm diagnosis and adjudicate outcomes.ResultsIn a cohort of 385 935 pregnancies, 488 (0.13%) had a diagnosis of heart failure, corresponding to 126 cases per 100 000 pregnancies. Peripartum cardiomyopathy was the most common cause of heart failure, accounting for 333 (68.2%) cases. Preterm birth and caesarean delivery were more common in patients with heart failure. Neonatal death rate was higher in the heart failure group (1.0% vs 0.4%, p=0.03). Infants delivered to women with heart failure had lower birth weights (3112.0±774.0 g vs 3331.9±575.5 g, p<0.001) and lower Apgar score at 1 min (7.9±1.5 vs 8.3±1.1, p<0.001). Median follow-up was 6.2 years (IQR 3.2–9.2). During follow-up, 7 (1.4%) in the heart failure group and 423 (0.11%) in the control group died. Heart failure was associated with a 7.7-fold increase risk of death (adjusted HR 7.7, 95% CI 3.6 to 16.4, p<0.001).ConclusionHeart failure during pregnancy is associated with unfavourable fetal outcomes including prematurity and low birth weight. While the overall mortality rate was low, pregnant women with heart failure carried an excess risk of death compared with controls.
Single-stage flow diversion with adjunctive coiling for cerebral aneurysm: outcomes and technical considerations in 72 cases
Authors: Bender Matthew T , Jiang Bowen , Campos Jessica K , Lin Li-Mei , Beaty Narlin , Vo Chau D , Zarrin David A , Caplan Justin M , Huang Judy , Tamargo Rafael J , Colby Geoffrey P , Coon Alexander L 
Published: May 2018

BackgroundAdjunctive coiling may improve occlusion outcomes when combined in a single stage with cerebral aneurysm flow diversion. This technique has not been well described.ObjectiveTo present a series of aneurysm patients treated by single-stage flow diversion with adjunctive coiling, describing technical considerations and outcomes.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study using an IRB-approved database of procedures performed at a single institution. Treatment selection was based on large aneurysm size, morphological irregularity, branch vessel location, and wide neck.ResultsA total of 72 Pipeline with adjunctive coiling (PAC) procedures were performed on 69 patients. Average aneurysm size was 11.0 mm and 86% were wide-necked. Three progressively complex techniques were performed approximately equally: 27 sequential (38%), 23 jailed single-intermediate (32%), and 22 bifemoral jailed microcatheter (31%) cases. Aneurysm dome (P=0.0223) and neck size (P=0.001) increased with procedural complexity and there was a trend toward increased procedure length, radiation exposure, and stent thrombosis. A ‘light’ coil pack was used with an average packing density of 14% that did not vary by technique. Of the three major complications (4.2%), none were observed with the sequential approach (0%), one with the jailed single-intermediate (4.3%), and two with bifemoral cases (9.1%) (P=0.116). Complete occlusion was achieved in 85% of PAC cases at 6 months and 96% at 12-month follow-up angiography.ConclusionsThere are multiple approaches to flow diversion with adjunctive coiling, each with technical challenges, suitable to different types of aneurysms. Flow diversion with coiling can expedite and improve occlusion outcomes without a significant increase in morbidity.
Redefining ‘success’: a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing outcomes between incomplete and complete revascularization
Authors: Rizvi Asim , Seyedsaadat Seyed Mohammad , Murad Mohammad Hassan , Brinjikji Waleed , Fitzgerald Sean T , Kadirvel Ramanathan , Rabinstein Alejandro A , Kallmes David F 
Published: May 2018

BackgroundConventionally, ‘successful’ endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) had been defined as achieving revascularization of thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (TICI)−2B or greater, rather than as ‘complete’ (TICI-3) versus ‘incomplete’ (TICI-2B) revascularization.PurposeWe performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies comparing clinical outcomes between patients with TICI-2B and TICI-3 revascularization.MethodsMultiple databases were searched for relevant publications between January 2003 and March 2018. Studies comparing outcomes between the TICI-2B and the TICI-3 group of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients treated with EVT were included. Random effects meta-analysis was performed to evaluate outcomes among TICI-2B and TICI-3 groups. The following outcomes were assessed: good neurologic outcome (modified Rankin Scale (mRS)≤2 at day 90), mortality, and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).ResultsTwenty-one studies comprising 2747 patients were identified. Patients with TICI-2B revascularization had mRS≤2 at day 90 rates of 46% (391/847) compared with 66% (522/791) for TICI-3 patients (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.37 to 0.57). Mortality rates were significantly higher in the TICI-2B group (78/570, 14%) than in the TICI-3 group (55/709, 8%) (OR 2.00, 95% CI 1.38 to 2.91). The ICH rates were also significantly higher in the TICI-2B group as compared with the TICI-3 group (31% [134/439] vs. 22% [108/490]; OR 2.20, 95% CI 1.47 to 3.30).ConclusionsDifferences in all major outcome measures were markedly better in patients with complete versus incomplete but still ‘successful’ revascularization using prior thresholds, with ORs in the order of those seen in recent definitive trials comparing EVT to an intravenous tissue plasminogen activator.
Maiella, an oil massif in the Central Apennines ridge of Italy: exploration, production and innovation in the oil fields of Abruzzo across the nineteenth and twentieth centuries
Authors: Gerali Francesco , Lipparini Lorenzo 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This article aims to present selected episodes of the scientific and entrepreneurial activities realized in the Majella oil district, Abruzzo, central Italy, between the 1830s and the 1940s. Majella had an important role in the early process of modernization of the Italian oil industry. As we will see, the application of science and technology in the wellsite, a pioneering integrated production model, unexpected environmental constraints and the longevity of the business made Abruzzo into a benchmark. Between 1864 and 1865, the pattern of the secular and unchanged local manufacturing of bitumen, based on human labour and the manual harvesting of the mineral from natural outcrops, was outdone by two new conditions: the study of subsoil and the utilization of mechanical drilling. These early records of paid oil consultancies and the utilization of steam power were followed by the impressive, but short and illusory, peak in production never recorded before. In the following decades, the Majella district was very active and drew the attention of several international operators, in spite of the declining production of crude – compensated for by the yield of bitumen and shales – and the unstoppable rising of the Emilian Apennine ridge in the provinces of Pavia, Piacenza and Parma. From the early 1900s, foreign companies gradually reduced investment in new exploration in Maiella, where the core production was now bitumen and asphalts rather than oil and, by the 1920s, most of the industry was controlled by government authorities and local business. The advent of Fascism in the 1930s saw Maiella become a stronghold of the autarchy's policies; later, the improvised and inefficient national fuel planning of Italy at the start of the Second World War saw Abruzzo's oil and bitumen supplies become a strategic resource. The Maiella district has the longest production history in Italy and today geoscientists are surveying and interpreting the geology of the area with a new perspective.
The Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Activity of Eyes Absent Contributes to Tumor Angiogenesis and Tumor Growth
Authors: Wang Yuhua , Pandey Ram Naresh , Riffle Stephen , Chintala Hemabindu , Wikenheiser-Brokamp Kathryn A. , Hegde Rashmi S. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractDNA damage repair capacity is required for cells to survive catastrophic DNA damage and proliferate under conditions of intratumoral stress. The ability of the minor histone protein H2AX to serve as a hub for the assembly of a productive DNA damage repair complex is a necessary step in preventing DNA damage–induced cell death. The Eyes Absent (EYA) proteins dephosphorylate the terminal tyrosine residue of H2AX, thus permitting assembly of a productive DNA repair complex. Here, we use genetic and chemical biology approaches to separately query the roles of host vascular endothelial cell and tumor cell EYA in tumor growth. Deletion of Eya3 in host endothelial cells significantly reduced tumor angiogenesis and limited tumor growth in xenografts. Deletion of Eya3 in tumor cells reduced tumor cell proliferation and tumor growth without affecting tumor angiogenesis. A chemical inhibitor of the EYA tyrosine phosphatase activity inhibited both tumor angiogenesis and tumor growth. Simultaneously targeting the tumor vasculature and tumor cells is an attractive therapeutic strategy because it could counter the development of the more aggressive phenotype known to emerge from conventional antiangiogenic agents. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(8); 1659–69. ©2018 AACR.
Association of Fast‐Food and Full‐Service Restaurant Densities With Mortality From Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke, and the Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Mazidi Mohsen , Speakman John R. 
Published: May 2018

Background

We explored whether higher densities of fast‐food restaurants (
FFR
s) and full‐service restaurants are associated with mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD) and stroke and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) across the mainland United States.

Methods and Results

In this cross‐sectional study county‐level data for
CVD
and stroke mortality, and prevalence of T2D, were combined with per capita densities of
FFRs
and full‐service restaurants and analyzed using regression. Mortality and diabetes mellitus prevalence were corrected for poverty, ethnicity, education, physical inactivity, and smoking. After adjustment,
FFR
density was positively associated with
CVD
(β=1.104,
R
2
=2.3%), stroke (β=0.841,
R
2
=1.4%), and T2D (β=0.578,
R
2
=0.6%) and full‐service restaurant density was positively associated with
CVD
mortality (β=0.19,
R
2
=0.1%) and negatively related to T2D prevalence (β=−0.25,
R
2
=0.3%). In a multiple regression analysis (
FFR
s and full‐service restaurants together in same model), only the densities of
FFRs
were significant (and positive). If we assume these relationships are causal, an impact analysis suggested that opening 10 new
FFR
s in a county would lead to 1 extra death from
CVD
every 42 years and 1 extra death from stroke every 55 years. Repeated nationally across all counties, that would be an extra 748
CVD
deaths and 567 stroke deaths (and 390 new cases of T2D) over the next 10 years.

Conclusions

These results suggest that an increased density of
FFRs
is associated with increased risk of death from
CVD
and stroke and increased T2D prevalence, but the maximal impact (assuming the correlations reflect causality) of each individual
FFR
is small.

Clinical Trial Registration

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier:
NCT
03243253.
Aristotle on Perceptual Discrimination
Authors: Perälä Mika 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIt is commonly assumed that Aristotle defines a sense by reference to its ability to perceive the items that are proper to that sense, and that he explains perceptions of unities of these items, and discriminations between them, by reference to what is called the ‘common sense’. This paper argues in contrast that Aristotle defines a sense by reference, not only to its ability to perceive the proper items, but also to its ability to discriminate between them, and thus aims to show that Aristotle’s theory of sense perception is basically a theory of perceptual discrimination.
Nature and Utopia in Epictetus’ Theory of Oikeiōsis
Authors: Magrin Sara 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIt is widely agreed that there is a gap between the personal and the social ethics of the Stoics due to the difficulty of harmonizing personal and socialoikeiōsis. By reconstructing Epictetus’ theory ofoikeiōsis, this paper aims to show that, in his ethics, there is no such gap, and this for two reasons: first, his account of socialoikeiōsisis not meant to ground his social ethics; second, his theory of personaloikeiōsisis a philosophical construct designed to provide a naturalistic justification to the utopian social project of the cosmopolis rather than to ground his personal ethics.