bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autonomous Inflow Control Valve for Ultra-Light Oil and the Impact of Annulus Phase Segregation
Authors: Langaas K. , Gisholt E. , Mathiesen V. , Brekke K. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Autonomous inflow control valve (AICV) can make better and more carbon efficient oil wells. This paper publishes new experimental data for how an AICV handles ultra-light oil (0.8 centipoise), water and gas at full reservoir conditions. The paper also evaluates how phase segregation in the annulus outside the sand screens impact the effective zonal performance, and finally the impact of the tested valve on a typical thin oil rim infill target.
To verify the single and multi-phase flow behaviour of the AICV, a full-scale flow loop test was performed at down hole conditions. To understand and estimate the effective performance of several AICVs in wells with open annulus outside the sand screens, a newly developed lower completion modelling tool was used. The model includes phase segregation for a given well geometry and boundary conditions, and the result is integrated into industry standard reservoir simulators. Both the tested valve and an inflow control device (ICD) of similar choke strength as the AICV are "zonally upscaled" and evaluated for several infill well scenarios.
At various differential pressure the single- and multi-phase flow of oil, water, and gas rates were measured. The results show an AICV with high capacity for oil, while it chokes hard on both gas and water. The valve's performance was matched by the extended RCP function. The new lower completion modelling software calculates effective zonal performance accounting for phase segregation effects. As compared to the individual AICV performance, the effective zonal AICV-ensemble chokes harder for multi-phase flow. For the ICD's, the effective zonal performance change is opposite, with less choking at multi-phase flow. The effective zonal performance of the ICD-ensemble is well matched by the extended RCP function. The effective zonal performance of the AICV-ensemble cannot be matched by the same function, and a solution is to export the result as a pressure drop table. Test cases demonstrate the correctness of both methods. The infill well scenarios are inspired from a Norwegian oil field with thin oil rims and ultra-light oil. When compared with an ICD well, the well with AICVs reduce water production and increase oil recovery in all scenarios.
New experimental AICV performance data for ultra-light oil (0.8 centipoise) at full reservoir conditions is published here for the first time. Further, a new lower completion modelling method that accounts for phase segregation in the annulus outside the sand screens is used in this study. This gives new insight to the effective zonal performance of both ICDs and AICVs and improves the production forecasts from wells with such technology.
Deployment of Customized Multi-Purpose Offshore Vessel with Dynamic Positioning Capabilities in Large Scale Well Intervention Operations
Authors: Bakir Hamadeh , Elsayed Hany 
Published: November 2024

Offshore oil and gas operations are inherently complex, requiring advanced technological solutions to ensure efficiency, safety, and reliability. One of the key innovations that have transformed offshore operations is Dynamic Positioning (DP) systems. These systems enable vessels to maintain their position and heading using their own propellers and thrusters, which is essential for operations demanding high precision and stability, such as large-scale well interventions.
Well interventions are critical to maintaining and enhancing the productivity of oil and gas wells. These operations, which can include well testing, stimulation, and acid treatments, are traditionally carried out using conventional barges or fixed offshore installations. However, these methods have several limitations, including restricted mobility, reduced operational efficiency, and challenges in performing complex, simultaneous operations.
The deployment of customized multi-purpose offshore vessels equipped with DP capabilities has emerged as a solution to these challenges. These vessels can perform a wide range of operations, including well testing and stimulation, while maintaining position accurately even in adverse sea conditions. This capability not only improves operational efficiency but also enhances safety and reduces the environmental impact of offshore operations.
Ionic Liquid-Based Formulation for Inhibiting Calcium Sulfate Scale in High-Pressure High-Temperature Wells
Authors: Murtaza Mobeen , Budiman Ose , Kamal Muhammad Shahzad , Alajmi Shabeeb N. , Al-Jawad Murtada , Mahmoud Mohamed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The persistent problem of sulfate scale formation in oil and gas operations, primarily involving anhydrite (CaSO4) and barite (BaSO4) scales, poses significant operational challenges. These scales, resulting from mixing incompatible waters rich in sulfate ions with calcium or barium ions, obstruct fluid flow and cause substantial damage to production equipment. The conventional commercial solutions to this issue, such as the use of acids, chelating agents like Hydroxamic Acid and EDTA, and mechanical methods like pigging and downhole tools, are often hampered by limitations including high costs, high-temperature, environmental concerns, and limited effectiveness against certain types of scale. To overcome the existing challenges, an innovative approach using an ionic liquid as a scale inhibitor was introduced in this study. The chosen ionic liquid, 1-Butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (1B3DM6FP), is specifically introduced to target sulfate scales. This environmentally friendly solution offers a more efficient approach for managing scale formation, particularly at high-temperature conditions encountered in deep wells. To evaluate its effectiveness, we conducted a series of static bottle experiments, providing an in-depth analysis of the inhibitor's ability to prevent scale formation and its interactions with scale-forming ions. The first time, the performance of 1B3DM6FP was thoroughly examined at temperatures of 150°F and 320°F over an extended period. The results from these tests indicate that 1B3DM6FP exhibits substantial potential in inhibiting sulfate scale formation, outperforming traditional methods in several key aspects. The performance of IL at high temperatures is substantially high due to its higher thermal stability. The IL proved to be a stable scale inhibitor for several days. The scale inhibition potential was in direct relation with the concentration of the IL means higher inhibition was achieved with higher concentrations. 1wt% IL resulted in blank solutions without any scale after almost a week of ageing. IL application could mark a significant advancement in scale management strategies within the oil and gas industry, highlighting a shift towards more sustainable and effective solutions at high-temperature conditions. This study not only underscores the challenges of sulfate scale management but also emphasizes the importance of innovative approaches like the utilization of ionic liquid (1B3DM6FP) as an efficient and green scale inhibitor.
Unleashing the Power of Generative AI and LLM for Training Evaluation
Authors: Tharayil Sarafudheen M. , Idris Muhammad Azmi , Alfaifi Osama M. , Alghafis Muhannad S. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper presents a novel approach to training evaluation using Language Models (LLM) and Generative AI (GenAI) to build a classification model. The study aims to develop a resource-efficient solution for analyzing training rubrics and transcripts, thereby enhancing the assessment of learning outcomes and performance. The methodology involves data collection, preprocessing, model fine-tuning, prompting, and evaluation. A pre-trained LLM model is fine-tuned on preprocessed training rubrics and transcripts, allowing it to adapt to specific language patterns and structures. The model generates prompts to classify training materials based on predefined criteria, with domain expertise incorporated for complex evaluation rules. Results demonstrate a 60% reduction in processing time for evaluating rubrics and transcripts compared to manual assessment. The implemented model has significantly reduced the workload of the training department and improved the efficiency of data analysis. Furthermore, the model's feedback has led to targeted improvements in training content, resulting in higher learner satisfaction. This innovative application of LLM and GenAI in training evaluation offers a new perspective on leveraging AI to enhance educational processes and outcomes in a resource-efficient manner.
Hail and Ghasha Carbon Capture and Hydrogen Recovery: a Unique Perspective
Authors: Al Suwaidi M.H. , Signorile C. , Miranda De los Santos L. , Patansaongikar A. , Giri N. , Shah H. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper will present ADNOC's Carbon Capture initiative on Hail and Ghasha Development Project (HGD), through a description of the selected process line up for CO2 recovery, transportation and delivery, and the analysis of the overall asset emissions for the development scheme.
HGD is currently in the execution stage and will develop the untapped oil and gas reserves from the highly sour Hail and Ghasha fields. Production is targeted to start by Q1 2028 (January 2028) with sustainable production of 1 BSCFD of raw gas, and max production of 82.5 MBPD of Oil, 76.3 MSTBD of Condensate, 9000 TPD of Sulphur and 5030 TPD of NGL. The sour gas levels at Hail and Ghasha fields are exceptionally high, in the range of 13 to 38% mole H2S, and 4 to 9% mole CO2.
The raw wet sour gas coming from offshore Ghasha wells via GOP and production fluid from Hail offshore wells will be commingled in Onshore Processing Plant (OPP) and treated at Acid Gas Removal Units (AGRU). The acid gas will be processed in an oxygen-enriched Sulphur Recovery Unit (SRU), to recover elemental Sulphur. The off-gases from TGTU absorbers, having 73% mole CO2, 20% mole H2, etc., will be compressed and fed to ‘H2/CO2 recovery section’, to recover H2 and CO2 as high-purity streams through cryogenic and PSA technologies. The recovered H2 will be used to feed the Condensate Hydrotreater Unit, while the CO2 will be compressed for reinjection, and delivered through 140 km pipeline to BAB Hub (ADNOC Onshore), where it will be re-injected.
As result of this line up, from the ‘H2 / CO2 recovery section’, only off-gases will be sent back to SRU/TGTU Thermal Oxidizers (Incinerators), hence significantly reducing the CO2 emissions to atmosphere, and playing a fundamental contribution towards achieving project Net Zero emissions.
It should be mentioned that the lineup is covered under the ADNOC patent application EP4319903A1 "Method and system for Sulphur, Carbon Dioxide, and Hydrogen recovery".
Driving Tech Enhancement Through Capability Dialogue
Authors: Al Mehairbi F. O. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The energy sector is a dynamic landscape in which organizations are committed to driving technological enhancement by means of a strong framework of capability dialogue. This paper discusses how knowledge sharing tools can be strategically leveraged to foster an open, supportive communication environment that supports a culture of continuous improvement and enhances employee's engagement levels. The article also outlines how this facilitates the development of a collaborative learning ecosystem through which employees in different areas of the organization can learn from one another.
By ensuring more meaningful and effective learning and development programs, emphasis on capability dialogue guarantees that subject matter experts (SMEs) get involved in these programs leading to seamless transfer of expertise as well as best practices. Such involvement aids individual growth and improves collective organizational capabilities. Our aim is to bridge skill gaps and raise technical proficiency across the entire workforce through structured learning interventions, focused training programmes, and mentoring initiatives.
The importance of integrating with state-of-the-art learning methodologies for sustainability is underscored by this research. It focuses on the role played continuous professional development (CPD) as well as personalized learning paths have within an organization towards nurturing a highly skilled and adaptable workforce. Commitment to fostering a culture centred on learning drives operational excellence and innovation so that organizations remain on top in their respective industries. Further, the paper discusses digital transformation's influence on learning experiences as well as the need for adaptive educational technology capable of keeping up with industry changes.
Strategies for Minimizing Scope Changes in Project Management: Case Study of Jafurah Downstream Pipelines Project
Authors: Alqahtani Matlaq M. , Alsulaiman Salem M. , Alomair Anwar A. , Harbi Adel N. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A prevalent difficulty in project management is uncontrolled changes or constant growth in a project's scope. Stakeholder misalignment, inadequate risk management and undefined scope in the early stages of the project are some of the main challenges that frequently results in missed milestones, cost overruns and overall project derailment from intended plan. This paper presents a case study for Jafurah Downstream Pipelines project, a mega project under Jafurah Development Program in Saudi Aramco.
Software based tool was efficiently used to implement exchange of information and interface agreements to manage the constant design development during the execution phase. Global Interface meetings were organized at regular intervals to align program stakeholders, contractors and project entities within the company. Moreover, numerous Value Improving Practices (VIPs) have been conducted beside the lessons learned utilization of Front-End Engineering Design (FEED) verification reports for similar pipeline projects. Focus teams formed to perform extensive site visits periodically for brownfield areas to assure the functionality of design reflected the actual conditions.
As part of an accelerated program, adopting such techniques can be overlooked due to time constraint and excessive workload, however, positive gains in project performance will far outweigh the costs of utilizing teamwork to implement these strategies.
Time-Lapse Surveillance of Multiphase Reservoirs in Harsh Environments Using Heat-Flask Next-Generation Pulsed Neutron Logging Technology
Authors: Kim Y. , Kotov A. , Chace D. , Sluis R. van der 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Heavy oil production often requires a thermal recovery technique. An accurate understanding of the current reservoir fluid components in the post-steam injection stage is essential for evaluating the efficiency of the thermal recovery process and making timely reservoir management decisions. This paper presents the characterization of steam propagation and subsequent heavy oil and water redistribution in a thermal recovery process using heat-flask next-generation pulsed neutron (PN) well logging technology.
We developed a next-generation multidetector PN tool equipped with a heat-flask housing for logging wells where the thermal heavy oil recovery process is implemented. The key features of the next-generation PN tool include upgrading a pulsed neutron generator (PNG), denser and higher gamma-ray count rates, higher-resolution lanthanum bromide (LaBr3) detectors, and a digital electronics system. These improvements in the tool enabled faster acquisition of the required pulsed neutron data without sacrificing data quality. Moreover, these enhancements allowed the simultaneous acquisition of two different types of PN measurements, which historically required two separate logging runs. The two primary datasets are (1) a salinity-independent time-spectra-based gamma-ray ratio measurement sensitive to the steam volume and (2) inelastic energy-spectra-based C/O ratios that mainly differentiate oil from water.
Tool-, well- and reservoir-specific forward modeling of two PN measurements was performed using the Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP) method. Two salinity-independent nuclear data and predicted stochastic models were integrated to quantify multiphase formation volumes simultaneously.
We present a case study of time-lapse monitoring of steam-flooded heavy oil reservoirs using legacy and new PN tools in a steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) project. Before steam injection, a base log run was acquired to identify the unperturbed heavy oil distribution. Subsequent logging runs were performed after steam was injected. A comparison of the acquisition time and data quality from the previous- and next-generation PN tools revealed that equivalent quality data were recorded at least three times faster with the next-generation tool than with the previous-generation tool. Furthermore, PN surveillance revealed steam chamber growth and heavy oil distribution profiles.
With the introduction of the next-generation PN tool and heat-flask housing, PN well logging in harsh environments at temperatures exceeding 175 degrees Celsius (or 350 degrees Fahrenheit) became efficient. In addition, compared with the conventional sequential approach, an innovative PN data analysis technique effectively characterized and quantified three fluid components with the simultaneous use of two PN measurements.
Numerical Simulation of Welding Temperature Field and Stress Field of Offshore High-Strength Steel
Authors: Huo Guojing , Yu Boqian 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives/Scope
With the extensive development of offshore installations, an increasing number of offshore structures are constructed using high-strength steel. The high-strength steel is susceptible to welding residual stress. And it is cost-prohibitive to rely solely on welding experiments. Therefore, utilizing numerical simulation technology to investigate the welding process of offshore high-strength steel holds significant scientific research value. The research aims to study the influence of process parameters on welding temperature field, residual stress and deformation by the finite element method.

Methods, Procedures, Process
In this paper, a three-dimensional model of a V-groove welded joint of offshore high-strength steel was established using Ansys software. And the welding process was simulated with a volume heat generation heat source. The bidirectional coupling between the temperature field and stress field during plate butt welding was analyzed using a direct method. The influence of welding current on the temperature field and stress field in high-strength steel butt welding was investigated while keeping the welding voltage and speed constant.

Results, Observations, Conclusions
Firstly, the distribution of temperature fields in the weld and base metal was analyzed. The temperature in and around the molten pool was the highest, and the heat was gradually transferred outward. The increase of welding current directly resulted in an increase of welding heat input, leading to a higher peak temperature field. Furthermore, the evolution of residual stress distribution under different welding currents was examined. The peak residual stress increased with temperature, particularly the residual compressive stress at the weld position, causing the changes of the stress state along the weld center line in the X and Y directions. The deformation and displacement of welded joints were obvious in macroscopic view.

Novel/Additive Information
The mechanism of welding is complicated, and its application in the offshore high-strength steel has great prospects. The simulation results can provide some theoretical guidance for the optimization of welding process parameters of offshore high-strength steel, which has great practical significance and economic value for improving the quality of welded joints.
Optimizing Solar Panel Tilt Angle and Direction for Maximum Efficiency: A Comprehensive Analysis
Authors: Talele Harshal 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The solar photovoltaic (PV) is considered to be the one of the most promising energy source in many applications, due to its safety and high reliability. But the initial high cost of the PV arrays and the large area necessitate their optimum use.
The maximum theoretical limit (known as the Shockley-Queisser limit) for silicon p-n junction cells is 33.7% and most current commercial PV cells manage between 15 and 22%. The declination angle δ=−23.45°×cos(360/365×(d+10)) of the sun changes due to the rotation of Earth about an axis form maximum value is 23.45° on 21 December and the minimum is −23.45° on 21 June. One of the solutions that optimize the array performance is to adjust the array tilt such that the incident insolation on the array is maximized. The best results are obtained when the movement of the sun is tracked both on a daily and seasonal basis. However, as this scheme is costly and involves complex control, alternative solutions have been sought for.
In the simplest way, the PV panels are inclined at the latitude angle of the site, throughout the year. Many researchers found that latitude angle is suitable angle for PV panel tilt angle. However, it is observed that a decrease in the tilt angle than latitude angle in summer and an increase in the tilt angle in winter enhances the solar energy received on the panels significantly. Optimal tilt angles and corresponding monthly solar insolation values have been compared among latitude angle, fixed tilt angle, and bi-annual changing (fixed twice a year). The changing solar panel tilt angle twice in a year gives maximum power output.