bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound‐guided axillary venous access for pediatric and adult congenital lead implantation
Authors: Clark Bradley C. , Janson Christopher M. , Nappo Lynn , Pass Robert H. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundAxillary venous access with ultrasound guidance for pediatric transvenous lead implantation may reduce risks for pneumothorax and hemothorax. The objective was to retrospectively evaluate ultrasound‐guided axillary vein access as an alternative to the subclavian approach.MethodsThe technique consists of ultrasonographic identification of the axillary vein at the deltopectoral groove after initial contrast venography. A micropuncture kit is used for initial ultrasound‐guided percutaneous access with fluoroscopic confirmation of wire position. Pocket creation is performed, and sheath insertion and lead implantation proceed as usual. Demographic, procedural, and radiation exposure data were collected and analyzed.ResultsSixteen patients (median age = 13 years, 8‐50 years; median weight = 56 kg, 29‐77 kg) underwent lead implantation; two additional patients required fluoroscopy due to poor acoustic windows (89% success). Fifteen of 21 leads (71%) were ventricular; 50% of implants were pacemakers, and 31% were dual chamber. Median time to venous access was 13 min (interquartile range (IQR) = 9.25‐20.25) and median implant procedure time was 156 min (IQR = 112‐172). Median fluoroscopy time was 18.0 min (IQR = 11.9‐29.6), median air kerma was 9.0 mGy (IQR = 3.0‐28.5), and median dose‐area product was 30.2 Gy‐cm2 (IQR = 16.1‐234.5). One patient required generator pocket revision 2 days postprocedure without lead dislodgement. There were no other complications encountered.ConclusionsTransvenous pacemaker and implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator lead implantation in the pediatric and adult congenital population through ultrasound‐guided axillary venous access is safe and efficacious. This technique may provide a low‐risk alternative for vascular access for pediatric implantation procedures.
Grounding Thick Normative Facts
Authors: Morton Justin 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMany philosophers have been concerned with the nature of thick normative concepts. In this paper, I try to motivate a different project: understanding the nature of thick normative properties and facts. I propose a ground‐theoretic approach to this project. I then argue that some of the simplest and most initially plausible ways of understanding thick facts fail and that we are forced to accept some initially implausible views. I try to show how these views are not so implausible after all.
Donor‐specific anti‐HLA antibody production following pediatric ABO‐incompatible heart transplantation
Authors: Chen Chiu‐Yu , Warner Paul , Albers Erin L. , Kemna Mariska S. , Delaney Meghan , Hong Borah J. , Law Yuk M. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractABO‐i heart transplantation can be performed in infants with end‐stage heart failure to increase organ availability. The development of newly detected DSAs is associated with decreased cardiac graft survival, and the effect of ABO‐i transplantation on DSA production is unknown. We examined DSA production and rejection frequency in infant recipients of ABO‐i and ABO‐c heart transplants via a retrospective cohort study of infant heart transplant recipients transplanted at a single pediatric center between January 2004 and November 2014. Patients were included if they were less than 1 year of age at transplant and had a minimum of 6 months follow‐up. DSA positivity was examined under two categories, either the lowest level detectable (MFI > 500) or a level presumed to have clinical relevance in our immunogenetics laboratory (MFI > 5000). Of 52 patients, 36 received ABO‐c transplants and 16 received ABO‐i transplants. Compared to ABO‐c recipients, the ABO‐i group showed a consistent but statistically non‐significant finding of less frequent ndDSA positivity (69.4% ABO‐c vs 43.8% ABO‐i with MFI >500, P = 0.122; 41.7% ABO‐c vs 25% ABO‐i with MFI >5000, P = 0.353). Additionally, ABO‐i patients were less likely to have any form of rejection (12.5% vs 47.2%, P = 0.027) or acute cellular rejection (6.3% vs 38.9%, P = 0.021). Our data suggest that infants receiving ABO‐i heart transplants may be less likely to develop ndDSAs or have rejection compared to same age ABO‐c recipients. Larger multicenter studies are needed to confirm results from this single center study.
Environmental colour impact on the life of lower aquatic vertebrates: development, growth, physiological and biochemical processes
Authors: Ruchin Alexander B. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis review discusses environmental colour impact on such vital processes of lower aquatic vertebrates (amphibian and fish), as development, growth, consumption of food and its conversion ratio, secretion of hormones etc. For some species, different zones of the spectrum can act as a stimulator of growth and development processes, while other zones of the spectrum can, on the contrary, inhibit development and growth. This influence occurs at the physiological and biochemical levels. Physiologically, environmental colour can both activate and suppress fish nutrition. Changes in daily ration can change the food conversion ratio. In turn, the contrast of the feed against a particular environmental colour can also affect the amount of food consumed and the somatic growth respectively. Certain zones of the spectrum stress fish, which is confirmed by the increase in cortisol level. Illumination of certain colour can accelerate fish growth; in such cases, a decrease in cortisol is observed. Environmental colour also affects the secretion of other hormones (somatotropin, thyroxine) and, as a consequence, the biochemical and physiological status of organisms. There is certain amount of evidence that environmental colour can impact gene expression and thereby regulate the somatic growth and development of fish and amphibians. However, there is not yet enough evidence and only preliminary conclusions can be drawn, which must be taken into account in fish breeding practice. A brief description of the organs of vision of lower vertebrates is given. The problems of the influence of light on a number of biochemical parameters are discussed.
Geological and Geochemical Characteristics of Gold Mineralization in the Salu Bulo Prospect, Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Tuakia Muhammad Zain , Takahashi Ryohei , Imai Akira 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe Salu Bulo prospect is one of the gold prospects in the Awak Mas project in the central part of the western province, Sulawesi, Indonesia. The gold mineralization is hosted by the meta‐sedimentary rocks intercalated with the meta‐volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks of the Latimojong Metamorphic Complex. The ores are approximately three meters thick, consisting of veins, stockwork, and breccias. The veins can be classified into three stages, namely, early, main, and late stages, and gold mineralization is related to the main stage. The mineral assemblage of the matrix of breccia and the veins are both composed of quartz, carbonate (mainly ankerite), and albite. High‐grade gold ores in the Salu Bulo prospect are accompanied by intense alteration, such as carbonatization, albitization, silicification, and sulfidation along the main stage veins and breccia. Alteration mineral assemblage includes ankerite ± calcite, quartz, albite, and pyrite along with minor sericite. Pyrite is the most abundant sulfide mineral that is spatially related to native gold and electrum (<2–42 μm in size). It is more abundant as dissemination in the altered host rocks than those in veins. This suggests that water–rock interaction played a role to precipitate pyrite and Au in the Salu Bulo prospect. The Au contents of intensely altered host rocks and ores have positive correlations with Ag, Ni, Mo, and Na. Fluid inclusions in the veins of the main stage and the matrix of breccia are mainly two‐phase liquid‐rich inclusions with minor two‐phase, vapor‐rich, and single‐phase liquid or vapor inclusions. CO2 and N2 gases are detected in the fluid inclusions by Laser Raman microspectrometry. Fluid boiling probably occurred when the fluid was trapped at approximately 120–190 m below the paleo water table. δ18OSMOW values of fluid, +5.8 and +7.6‰, calculated from δ18OSMOW of quartz from the main stage vein indicate oxygen isotopic exchange with wall rocks during deep circulation. δ34SCDT of pyrite narrowly ranges from −2.0 to +3.4‰, suggesting a single source of sulfur. Gold mineralization in the Salu Bulo prospect occurred in an epithermal condition, after the metamorphism of the host rocks. It formed at a relatively shallow depth from fluids with low to moderate salinity (3.0–8.5 wt% NaCl equiv.). The temperature and pressure of ore formation range from 190 to 210°C and 1.2 to 1.9 MPa, respectively.
What lies downstream: Cellular oxygen delivery during hemodialysis
Authors: MacEwen Clare , Watkinson Peter , Tarassenko Lionel , Pugh Christopher 
Published: December 2018

AbstractHemodialysis has been linked to structural and functional damage to vital organs such as the brain and heart, possibly via repetitive intradialytic organ ischemia. There is increasing recognition that tissue ischemia can occur without changes in standard hemodynamic parameters such as blood pressure, leading to interest in more direct assessment of the adequacy of oxygen delivery to tissues. In this article, we discuss our current understanding of what happens to cellular oxygen delivery during hemodialysis: we review the underlying physiology, potential measurement techniques, and the clinical literature to date.
Inference for ergodic diffusions plus noise
Authors: Nakakita Shogo H. , Uchida Masayuki 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWe research an adaptive maximum‐likelihood–type estimation for an ergodic diffusion process where the observation is contaminated by noise. This methodology leads to the asymptotic independence of the estimators for the variance of observation noise, the diffusion parameter, and the drift one of the latent diffusion process. Moreover, it can lessen the computational burden compared to simultaneous maximum likelihood–type estimation. In addition to adaptive estimation, we propose a test to see if noise exists or not and analyze real data as the example such that the data contain observation noise with statistical significance.
Humanist Battles and Embattled Humanists: Neointerventionism, Neopragmatism, and the Coloniality of Truth
Authors: Pitts Andrea J. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis paper examines conceptions of truth and “the human” in an effort to engage contemporary discussions of neointerventionism. A central question in the paper is whether one facet of the self‐justifying structure of neointerventionism is an operative framing of theories of truth underlying the explanans sought by foreign policy officials and state actors. To address this question, I turn to an unlikely source within philosophy of language, neopragmatist theorist Richard Rorty, to offer an example of an antirepresentationalist and nonobjectivist description of truth that may help explain the terms and stakes of neointerventionist policies. My claim, however, will be, following the critical insights of Cornel West, Chantal Mouffe, and Sylvia Wynter, that neopragmatist efforts of the sort outlined by Rorty, while sophisticated in their analyses of the nature of truth and forms of justification, fail to thoroughly engage the political conception of “the human” that orders and frames debates regarding objectivity and solidarity. I conclude by returning to the problematic of neointerventionism from Wynter’s framings of what she calls the “coloniality of truth” and “embattled humanisms.”
Truth, Trust, and Trumpery
Authors: McConnell‐Ginet Sally 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThree interrelated communicative issues emerge from recent U.S. political discourse in the wake of Donald Trump’s campaign for and election to the presidency. TRUTH figures prominently in social commentary on language. Semantically, truth relates to applicability conditions for linguistic expressions, which change and can be contested. Pragmatically, truth affects updating participants’ changing public commitments to what the world is like and to their own and others’ future actions. Updating as the speaker wants requires TRUST. Taking speakers as personally credible is heavily tied to social identities and power relations. Experts and other “authorities” are often automatically accorded credibility but sometimes wrongly shielded from criticism. Disdain for expertise fueled Trump’s campaign and the social divides it exploited, continuing during his presidency. Although TRUMPERY (orig., “deceit, fraud”) is not confined to Trump or Trumpists, they are consummate practitioners. Communicative trumpery exploits “confirmation bias,” desires, and assumptions producing beliefs. It also arises from shifting interpretations and is key to evade communicative accountability (“just joking,” “a figure of speech”) or from refusing to engage with other discourse participants.
A review of the relationship between primary and secondary dormancy, with reference to the volunteer crop weed oilseed rape (Brassica napus)
Authors: Soltani E , Baskin J M , Baskin C C 
Published: December 2018

SummaryFresh seeds of oilseed rape (Brassica napus) are reported to be nondormant and nonphotoblastic. However, a portion of the seeds can be induced into a light‐requiring state (secondary dormancy) for germination and also exhibit dormancy cycling. Thus, if seeds become buried in the soil they can form a persistent seedbank and become a serious volunteer weed in succeeding crops. The capacity of nondormant seeds of B. napus to be induced into secondary dormancy is contrary to results of studies on fresh nondormant seeds of some other species. A reanalysis of published and unpublished data shows that fresh seeds of this species have some degree of primary dormancy and that there is a significant relationship between primary dormancy and the capacity to enter secondary dormancy. However, most germination tests on B. napus have not been done in enough detail to detect primary dormancy (or not) in fresh seeds of this species. The usefulness of information on the relationship between primary dormancy and the capacity of the seeds to enter secondary dormancy is discussed in relation to management of weedy volunteers of this species.
Confronting Challenges in Reducing Heart Failure 30‐Day Readmissions: Lessons Learned With Implications for Evidence‐Based Practice
Authors: Wood Racheal L. , Migliore Laurie A. , Nasshan Sandra J. , Mirghani Sara R. , Contasti Annette C. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundHeart failure (HF) is considered a condition in which a portion of hospital admissions are preventable if timely and appropriate outpatient care management occurs. Facility readmission rates for HF are reportable and subject to penalty. Both military and civilian healthcare systems have fiscal responsibility and are accountable for successful disease management. Therefore, best practices and evidence‐based strategies to reduce readmissions are in critical demand. However, translating best evidence into practice can be challenging due to the complexities of the healthcare system.AimsThis crosswalk paper provides strategies and considerations for nurses planning HF readmission reduction initiatives.MethodsInsight regarding implementation strategies, challenges, successes, and lessons learned is shared through a framework‐guided description of two separate but similar HF readmission reduction projects conducted in military and civilian healthcare facilities.ResultsLessons learned suggest defined and attainable outcomes, multidisciplinary inclusivity, redundancy in roles, greater collaboration, and engagement with stakeholders are most beneficial when initiated before dedicating resources and continuously throughout practice change implementation, maintenance, and sustainment.Linking Evidence to ActionThe authors advocate for interdisciplinary evidence‐based practice consortiums to share lessons learned that may promote success potential and optimize return on invested time and efforts in the same or similar initiatives—in this instance, reducing 30‐day readmissions for HF patients.
Improved Hydrophilicity of Membrane by Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid Modification
Authors: Chan M. K. , Letchumanan M. 
Published: December 2018

Hydrophilic membranes exhibit good flux and low fouling tendency, which are the crucial criteria for a good membrane. Attempts have been done by researchers over the past decades to enhance the hydrophilicity of membrane by using nanoparticles and grafting. However, these processes are tedious and costly. This study improves the hydrophilicity of cellulose acetate (CA) membranes by using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) via simple blending method. Recent study showed that fouled membrane which was cleaned by EDTA exhibited high water flux performance. However, the use of EDTA in formulating a membrane has not been disclosed elsewhere. Thus, the objective of this study is to conduct a series of experiments to find out the role of EDTA in improving the hydrophilicity of CA membranes. Membranes with varying EDTA concentration were prepared via dry-wet phase inversion technique. Contact angle, porosity and water flux of the resultant membranes were determined. Additionally, the morphologies of the membranes were imaged using FESEM. Results showed that EDTA was a good pore former, which can be seen clearly from FESEM images. This explains for the high porosity properties in CA-EDTA membranes. Membrane with 1 wt% of EDTA showed the highest water flux, which was ~15 L/(h.m2). Meanwhile, no water flux was observed after three hours when pure CA membrane was used in a dead-end filtration cell. In conclusion, EDTA is a promising additive in improving the hydrophilicity of membranes.
Efficacy of capsule endoscopy in patients with cirrhosis for the diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal lesions and small bowel abnormalities: a study protocol for prospective interventional study
Authors: Iwata Yoshinori , Nishikawa Hiroki , Enomoto Hirayuki , Yoh Kazunori , Ishii Akio , Yuri Yukihisa , Ishii Noriko , Miyamoto Yuho , Hasegawa Kunihiro , Nakano Chikage , Takata Ryo , Nishimura Takashi , Aizawa Nobuhiro , Sakai Yoshiyuki , Ikeda Naoto , Takashima Tomoyuki , Iijima Hiroko , Nishiguchi Shuhei 
Published: December 2018

Introduction and aimsThe role of capsule endoscopy (CE) in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) has yet to be established; however, it is likely that it will remain a valuable diagnostic modality in several groups of patients with LC. The primary aims of the current prospective interventional study are to examine the prevalence for small bowel lesions and transit time of CE in the gastrointestinal tract in patients with LC with oesophageal varices (EVs) requiring endoscopic therapies.Methods and analysisThe current study will be a single-centre prospective interventional study. Our study participants are LC subjects with portal hypertension who were determined to be necessary for prophylactic endoscopic therapies for EVs. From the view point of safety, patients with gastrointestinal obstruction or fistula or those being suspected of having gastrointestinal obstruction or fistula will be excluded from our study. Patients with implanted medical devices will be also excluded. CE will be performed prior to prophylactic endoscopic therapies in the same hospitalisation and relevant images will be analysed after 8 hours by expert endoscopists. This study will continue to recruit until 50 participants.Ethics and disseminationThis study has received approval from the Institutional Review Board at Hyogo College of Medicine (approval no. 2680). The study protocol, informed assent form and other submitted files were reviewed and acknowledged. Final data will be publicly scattered regardless of the study results. A report releasing study results will be submitted for publication in a suitable journal after being finished in data collection.Trial registration numberUMIN000028433 (https://upload.umin.ac.jp/).
Exercise time cues (zeitgebers) for human circadian systems can foster health and improve performance: a systematic review
Authors: Lewis Philip , Korf Horst W , Kuffer Liz , Groß J Valérie , Erren Thomas C 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundCircadian system time cues (zeitgebers) acting synergistically at the right times can foster chronobiological homeostasis and ultimately health. Modern 24/7 societies are challenging chronobiological homeostasis and public health. Exercise has been discussed as a potential zeitgeber for the human circadian system. Thus, if timed correctly, exercise may help in maintenance of chronobiological homeostasis and foster public health amidst increasingly challenging 24/7 lifestyles.ObjectiveTo test, using a systematic review of the literature, the following hypothesis: exercise is a zeitgeber for the human circadian system.Data sourcesThe PubMed database was systematically searched on 19 October 2017 for relevant scientific studies and reports concerning chronobiology and exercise. Eligibility criteria were defined to include articles considering exercise as a potential zeitgeber for human circadian rhythmicity or chronobiological effects of exercise on health and/or physical performance. Cognitive effects and effects on children were excluded from the synthesis.ResultsOur systematic literature search and synthesis is compatible with the validity of the hypothesis. We report that potential exercise-zeitgeber properties may be used to improve health and performance.ConclusionsInformed timing of exercise, specific to the circadian rhythm phase and zeitgeber exposure of the individual, must be advocated in performance and disease contexts as an adjunct therapeutic or preventative strategy and physical enhancer.
Objective assessment of stiffness in Achilles tendinopathy: a novel approach using the MyotonPRO
Authors: Morgan Gafin Ericson , Martin Rhodri , Williams Lisa , Pearce Owen , Morris Keith 
Published: December 2018

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to establish quantitative values for asymptomatic and symptomatic Achilles tendons.DesignCohort study with a single (cross-sectional) time point of patients diagnosed with unilateral Achilles tendinopathy and an asymptomatic group with comparative homogeneity.MethodsA sample of 50 participants: 25 diagnosed with symptomatic unilateral Achilles tendinopathy (AT group) and 25 with asymptomatic Achilles tendons (control group 2). The asymptomatic side of the AT group was used as a control (control group 1). Measurements at 2 cm intervals on the tendon from its insertion at the calcaneum up to the musculotendinous junction were taken non-weight bearing (NWB) and weight bearing (WB) using the MyotonPRO.ResultsThere was a significant (p<0.005) decrease in natural oscillation frequency (F) at points 2, 3 and 4 of the AT group (NWB condition) and points 2 and 3 for the WB condition. There was a significant (p<0.005) increase in logarithmic decrement (D) at points 2 and 3 signifying a decrease in elasticity. Dynamic stiffness (S) was significantly (p<0.005) reduced in the AT group at points 2 and 3 WB and point 3 WB. There was no significant difference in creep (C) observed between the symptomatic and asymptomatic tendons. There was a significant (p<0.005) increase in mechanical stress relaxation time (R) at point 2 NWB.There was a correlation between body weight and gender on tendon mechanics, with the symptomatic tendons. No significant differences were observed between the control group 1 and control group 2.ConclusionsThe MyotonPRO measured decreased stiffness over a section of the tendon corresponding clinically with Achilles tendinopathy. This may have potential in identifying risk of injury and informing rehabilitation, however further extensive research is required to generate baseline data for specific population groups monitoring variables over time. Age, gender and body mass index appear to have some bearing on the mechanical properties of the tendon but mainly in the tendinopathy group.