bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A retrospective analysis of the pattern of care and survival in patients with malignant ovarian germ cell tumors
Authors: Agarwal Reshu , Rajanbabu Anupama , Keechilattu Pavithran , Nair Indu R. , Vijaykumar D. K. , Unnikrishnan U. G. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the pattern of care and survival outcome in patients with malignant ovarian germ cell tumors (MOGCTs). Materials and Methods: Between January 2004 and August 2017, 50 patients with MOGCT were identified at Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and 48 included in analyses. Histologic subtypes were as follows: dysgerminoma 11; immature teratoma 16; yolk sac tumor 3; and mixed germ cell tumor 18. 31 (64.6% patients belonged to Stage I and 17 (35.4%) patients were advanced stage (Stage II-IV). Results: Median follow-up period was 34 months (range: 1–241 months). The 5- and 10-year disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) for the entire cohort were 87.5% and 94.4%, respectively. DFS and OS of incomplete surgery Stage I patients 28.6% and 68.6%, respectively, were significantly lower than completely staged patients 100%. Out of 8 incomplete surgery patients, 5 recurred of which 2 died of disease within 4 and 9 months of recurrence. There was no survival difference with comprehensive surgical staging (CSS) and pediatric surgical staging (PSS) in Stage I MOGCT (DFS and OS 100%). Stage I dysgerminoma kept on active surveillance after PSS had equivalent survival of 100%. There was no survival difference in advanced stage MOGCT treated with primary debulking surgery and neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by fertility-sparing surgery (DFS and OS 100%). Conclusion: Incomplete surgery in Stage I MOGCT was associated with poor survival. There was no survival difference with CSS and PSS. NAC followed by surgery could be a reasonable option for patients of advanced stage MOGCT.
&#x93;No man shall suffer for the murder of a Savage&#x94;: The Augusta Boys and the Virginia and Pennsylvania Frontiers
Authors: Donis Jay 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
In the mid- to late 1760s, a series of murders perpetrated by Anglo-Americans against Native Americans occurred in the colonial backcountry. Although not unusual events in this region, the attempted prosecution of the murderers resulted in tension between Anglo-Americans who desired punishment and those who rejected punishment for killing an Indian. Those opposing stances reveal a larger battle over different understandings of English constitutionalism and frontier societies' use of rights. What is unusual historiographically is that these murders and the subsequent contestation of authority between frontiersmen and government transpired in Virginia. By examining these understudied events, this article reconsiders the depiction of inter-Anglo-Virginian society as tranquil, connects the Virginia backcountry to similar events in Pennsylvania, and credits frontiersmen with the political knowledge and sophistication usually reserved for Anglo-Americans who lived in coastal, urban settlements.
The Philadelphia Riots of 1844: Republican Catholicism and Irish Catholic Apologetics
Authors: Morgan Anne 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
This article analyzes the development of a distinctly American Catholic identity among Philadelphia's Catholics in the wake of the 1844 Philadelphia riots. It offers a critique of historians' theses that by the nineteenth century a largely immigrant Catholic population had rejected the Revolutionary-era synthesis between republicanism and Catholicism. The ideological battle following the riots reveals the ways in which Philadelphia's Catholics challenged their nativist opponents by utilizing republican rhetoric. Catholics' republicanism was much more liberal than nativists' classical republicanism; as such, they emphasized the protection of minority rights and the separation of church and state.
Skin Adnexal Tumors in Plain Language: A Practical Approach for the General Surgical Pathologist
Authors: Fulton Edward H , Kaley Jennifer R , Gardner Jerad M 
Published: January 2019

Context.—Skin adnexal tumors, those neoplasms deriving from hair follicles and sweat glands, are often a source of confusion amongst even experienced pathologists. Many well-described entities have overlapping features, tumors are often only partially sampled, and many cases do not fit neatly into well-established classification schemes.Objectives.—To simplify categorization of adnexal tumors for the general surgical pathologist and to shed light on many of the diagnostic dilemmas commonly encountered in daily practice. The following review breaks adnexal neoplasms into 3 groups: sebaceous, sweat gland-derived, and follicular.Data Sources.—Pathology reference texts and primary literature regarding adnexal tumors.Conclusions.—Review of the clinical and histopathologic features of primary cutaneous adnexal tumors, and the diagnostic dilemmas they create, will assist the general surgical pathologist in diagnosing these often challenging lesions.
Índice de Capacidades Asociativas: construcción teórica y propuesta metodológica de cálculo para organizaciones de economía solidaria
Authors: Espinoza Lastra Óscar Roberto , Gómez López José Daniel 
Published: January 2019

La construcción del concepto de capacidades asociativas y el diseño de una metodología para calcular sus índices, han sido la razón principal de este estudio que tomó como unidad de análisis a la nacionalidad Tsáchila. Este grupo poblacional indígena está radicado en el cantón de Santo Domingo en Ecuador, y posee limitaciones económicas, organizacionales, educacionales y culturales que ponen en riesgo su conservación étnica. Al aplicar la investigación sobre capacidades asociativas en la nacionalidad Tsáchila, se pretendió identificar las fortalezas y las debilidades presentes en las relaciones económicas de solidaridad de este grupo étnico, de manera que puedan invertir su situación deficitaria hacia un escenario de crecimiento y madurez organizativa, que derive en aprovechamiento de su potencial ambiental, agroproductivo, turístico y cultural, a través de emprendimientos asociativos, para que dignifiquen sus condiciones de vida, recuperen su autoestima e identidad cultural, y se afiancen dentro de la economía solidaria. Los enfoques de las capacidades, tanto de Martha Nussbaum, así como de Amartya Sen, representan las principales bases teóricas sobre las cuales se estructura el concepto de Capacidades Asociativas. Así mismo, la metodología de cálculo del IDH ha servido de referencia para plantear un modelo propio de cálculo. Los índices de capacidades asociativas resultantes del estudio a la población Tsáchila develaron más debilidades que fortalezas, concretamente en los indicadores pertenecientes a las dimensiones de Cooperación, asociacionismo y ayuda mutua; y, Liderazgo y participación.
PERSPECTIVAS DE ESTUDOS SOBRE A FORMAÇÃO DO SEM-TERRA: O USO DAS CATEGORIAS DO UNIVERSAL, PARTICULAR E SINGULAR
Authors: Garcia Fátima Moraes 
Published: January 2019

<p>RESUMO:</p> <p>Esta produção científica trata de subsídios teóricos com base no materialismo histórico dialético, associado de forma objetiva à relevância de aprofundar a compreensão e apreensão dos engendramentos existentes entre o universal, o particular e o singular na e sobre a formação humana do sem-terra. A necessidade de debater e aprofundar este tema decorre da emergência teórica e metodológica que entendemos estar posta pelos estudos vinculados aos movimentos sociais e seus processos educativos no campo do marxismo.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
A POLÍTICA DE EDUCAÇÃO DO CAMPO E A LUTA DE CLASSES NO BRASIL CONTEMPORÂNEO: QUESTÕES PARA ANÁLISE DA CONJUNTURA.
Authors: Santos Cláudio Félix dos , Teixeira David Romão 
Published: January 2019

<span class="hps"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: ";Garamond";,";serif";; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: ";Times New Roman";; mso-ansi-language: PT; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="PT">O texto</span></span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: ";Garamond";,";serif";; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: ";Times New Roman";; mso-ansi-language: PT; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="PT"> <span class="hps">tem como objetivo discutir</span> <span class="hps">a educação do</span> <span class="hps">campo e</span> <span class="hps">alguns aspectos da</span> <span class="hps">implementação desta política</span> <span class="hps">educacional no</span> <span class="hps">contexto da crise</span> <span class="hps">do capital</span> <span class="hps">e</span> <span class="hps">listar alguns dos problemas</span> <span class="hps">contemporâneos</span> <span class="hps">e proposições</span> <span class="hps">hegemônicos</span> <span class="hps">da Educação</span> <span class="hps">em geral e da</span> <span class="hps">Educação do</span> <span class="hps">campo em</span> <span class="hps">especial.</span> <span class="hps">No</span> <span class="hps">esforço para ter</span> <span class="hps">coerência teórica</span> <span class="hps">com o</span> <span class="hps">materialismo histórico</span>, que além <span class="hps">de explicar</span> <span class="hps">requer um compromisso</span> <span class="hps">de transformar a realidade</span>, <span class="hps">apresentaremos o</span> <span class="hps">que consideramos</span> <span class="hps">fundamental para a</span> <span class="hps">Educação do Campo</span> <span class="hps">não</span> <span class="hps">se tornar mais</span> <span class="hps">uma elaboração</span> <span class="hps">da classe trabalhadora</span> <span class="hps">subsumida</span> <span class="hps">a ordem burguesa.</span></span>
LIBORIO JUSTO: DEL MOVIMIENTO DE NUEVA GENERACIÓN A LA PRIMERA INTERPRETACIÓN TROTSKISTA DE LA REFORMA UNIVERSITARIA (1920-1938)
Authors: Bosch Alessio Constanza Daniela 
Published: January 2019

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: ";Garamond";,";serif";; mso-bidi-font-family: ";Times New Roman";;" lang="ES">El presente artículo se propone analizar las interpretaciones de Liborio Justo en torno a la Reforma Universitaria en el período 1920-1938, a fines de demostrar cómo sus análisis en relación al proceso evidencian una transformación de su posicionamiento teórico-ideológico. Mientras que sus primeras contribuciones hallan en los postulados americanistas del movimiento “Nueva Generación” la piedra angular del análisis, en 1938 publica la primera interpretación trotskista de la Reforma Universitaria, según <span style="background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">la cual, el carácter pequeño-burgués del proceso habría puesto fin a su fase progresiva.</span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"> </p>
A PRECARIZAÇÃO DO TRABALHO E DA EDUCAÇÃO NA CADEIA PRODUTIVA DO SETOR COUREIRO-CALÇADISTA DO VALE DO SINOS (RS)
Authors: Schemes Claudia , Da Silva Cristina Ennes , Kuenzer Acácia Zeneida 
Published: January 2019

<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: ">Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a articulação entre os processos de precarização do trabalho e da educação na cadeia produtiva do setor coureiro-calçadista do Vale do Sinos, Rio Grande do Sul. </span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: ">Esta investigação se justifica pelo pequeno número de pesquisas que têm sido realizadas na área e, com o intuito de superar estes limites, buscamos integrar diferentes abordagens metodológicas através de procedimentos investigativos interdisciplinares. Para tanto, a pesquisa focalizou a história de empresas que participaram da construção histórica do <em>cluster</em> coureiro-calçadista, uma vez que ela permite apreender, no estudo da história local, as relações entre trabalho, identidade e subjetividade. </span>
3D Electrophysiological Measurements on Cells Embedded within Fiber‐Reinforced Matrigel
Authors: Schaefer Natascha , Janzen Dieter , Bakirci Ezgi , Hrynevich Andrei , Dalton Paul D. , Villmann Carmen 
Published: January 2019

Abstract2D electrophysiology is often used to determine the electrical properties of neurons. In the brain however, neurons form extensive 3D networks. Thus, performing electrophysiology in a 3D environment provides a closer situation to the physiological condition and serves as a useful tool for various applications in the field of neuroscience. In this study, 3D electrophysiology is established within a fiber‐reinforced matrix to enable fast readouts from transfected cells, which are often used as model systems for 2D electrophysiology. Using melt electrowriting (MEW) of scaffolds to reinforce Matrigel, 3D electrophysiology is performed on a glycine receptor‐transfected Ltk‐11 mouse fibroblast cell line. The glycine receptor is an inhibitory ion channel associated when mutated with impaired neuromotor behavior. The average thickness of the MEW scaffold is 141.4 ± 5.7 µm, using 9.7 ± 0.2 µm diameter fibers, and square pore spacings of 100, 200, and 400 µm. For the first time, the electrophysiological characterization of glycine receptor‐transfected cells is demonstrated with respect to agonist efficacy and potency in a 3D matrix. With the MEW scaffold reinforcement not interfering with the electrophysiological measurement, this approach can now be further adapted and developed for different kinds of neuronal cultures to study and understand pathological mechanisms under disease conditions.
Asymmetric Diarylethenes with Oxidized 2‐Alkylbenzothiophen‐3‐yl Units: Chemistry, Fluorescence, and Photoswitching
Authors: Uno Kakishi , Bossi Mariano L. , Konen Timo , Belov Vladimir N. , Irie Masahiro , Hell Stefan W. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractReversibly photoswitchable diarylethenes (DAEs) with fluorescent closed forms are applied in biology‐ and material science‐related super‐resolution microscopy. Yet, their full photoswitchable capacities remain unrevealed and unexplored. Due to limitations in synthesis, only 1,2‐[bis‐(2‐ethyl‐1‐benzothiophene‐1,1‐dioxide‐3‐yl)]perfluorocyclopentenes with two identical or very similar aryl groups attached to C‐6 and C‐6′ have been prepared so far. DAEs with increased Stokes shifts related to asymmetric structures and the presence of “push–pull” substituents are introduced in the present study, and their switching power is studied. The new “simplified” asymmetric DAEs possess higher cycloreversion quantum yields, but lower emission efficiencies than their known analogs with extended π‐conjugation paths. Fatigue resistance in organic (acetonitrile and methanol) and aqueous solvents is studied, and the performance in reversible saturable optical fluorescence transition (RESOLFT) microscopy is evaluated. The push–pull structures show an outstanding increase in fatigue resistance, compared with a reference (H/H) diarylethene. Fatigue resistances on the order of thousands of cycles have been observed in acetonitrile solutions without exclusion of air oxygen. The structure–property relationships and facile preparation procedures enable rational design of DAEs applicable as photoswitchable fluorescent probes. A new setup and methodology for measuring switching performance of fluorescent DAEs are introduced.
Dungeness crab commercial fishermen's perceptions of injuries inform survey development
Authors: Kincl Laurel , Nery Mara , Syron Laura N. , Bovbjerg Viktor , Jacobson Kaety 
Published: January 2019

IntroductionThe West Coast Dungeness crab fishery is high‐risk for occupational fatalities. The Fishermen Led Injury Prevention Program (FLIPP) explored this worker population's nonfatal injuries and safety perspectives.MethodsFocus groups were held along the West Coast to (a) review reported injuries, (b) discuss risk factors, and (c) identify content to inform future FLIPP research activities, including survey development. Focus group data were transcribed and analyzed qualitatively. The FLIPP survey was pilot tested with groups of fishermen before broad distribution.ResultsNineteen fishermen participated in focus groups and 21 pilot tested the FLIPP survey. These discussions illuminated injury risk perceptions, crews’ current safety provisions, and what survey items would be relevant for fishermen.ConclusionTo engage fishermen in the process of identifying and developing injury prevention efforts, focus groups, and pilot testing were effective methods for incorporating their ideas into a survey.
Access to Sulfides through Free Radical Reaction of Vinyl Halides with Thiols
Authors: Shi Zi‐Fa , Xu Li‐Ning , Chen Jie , Luo Hui‐Xing , Zhang Juntao , Cao Xiao‐Ping 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAn efficient radical‐mediated carbon‐sulfur bond formation reaction of vinyl halides with thiols has been developed. This reaction tolerated vinyl chloride substrates, which are barely tolerated in metal‐catalyzed reactions, providing vinyl sulfide products. When vinyl iodides were used as substrates, the reactions were regulated by the solvents, yielding vinyl sulfide products in protic solvents (methanol) and alkyl sulfides in aprotic solvents (toluene).
Zirconium‐β Zeolite‐Catalyzed Continuous‐Flow Friedel‐Crafts Acylation Reaction
Authors: Rao Xiaofeng , Ishitani Haruro , Yoo Woo‐Jin , Kobayashi Shū 
Published: January 2019

AbstractH‐β Zeolites, doped with various metal salts, were investigated as heterogeneous catalysts for continuous‐flow Friedel‐Crafts acylation reactions. It was found that Zr‐β zeolites possessed excellent catalyst activity and stability, which enabled its use as a catalyst, up to 5 days, for Friedel‐Crafts reactions between various activated arenes and acid anhydrides. Challenging substrates, such as toluene and m‐xylene, were also successfully applied for the continuous‐flow process.
Stereodivergent Synthesis of Bispyrrolidinoindoline Alkaloidal Scaffolds and Generation of a Lead Candidate with Stereospecific Antiproliferative Activity
Authors: Wada Mitsuhiro , Suzuki Hiroyuki , Kato Mitsuyasu , Oikawa Hideaki , Tsubouchi Akira , Oguri Hiroki 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe fungal secondary metabolites (+)‐WIN 64821 and (−)‐ditryptophenaline are biosynthesized through condensation of l‐tryptophan and l‐phenylalanine, followed by reductive dimerization with generation of stereochemical variations. Inspired by the stereodivergent biogenetic process, we designed and synthesized a collection of bispyrrolidinoindoline diketopiperazine alkaloids and their analogues with systematic diversification of the stereochemistry of the privileged structural motif of the fungal alkaloids. Not only the stereochemical modifications of (+)‐WIN 64821 at the 3‐/3′‐, 11‐/11′‐, and 15‐/15′‐positions, but also ring cleavage of the diketopiperazine moieties, allowed the generation of a lead compound exhibiting potent growth inhibitory activity (IC50=3.03 μm) toward human colon cancer cells. Structure–activity relationship studies revealed that all six stereogenic centers were essential for the pharmacophore. High cell densities dramatically intensified the cytotoxic activities of the lead compound.
Protrusion of a loop‐shaped 0.035‐inch wire without the fracture of the self‐expanding nitinol stent: A case report and experimental study
Authors: Karashima Eiji , Kawasaki Daizo , Yoda Shunsuke , Yasuda Shioto , Kaneko Takeo 
Published: January 2019

Key Clinical MessageWe report a case of a loop‐shaped 0.035‐inch wire protruding through self‐expanding nitinol stent struts. Our in vitro experiment suggests that, even if there are no stent fractures, the loop‐shaped 0.035‐inch wire has a potential to protrude through the struts of the self‐expanding nitinol stents.
Mizuo‐Nakamura phenomenon in an Indian male
Authors: Agarwal Rohit , Tripathy Koushik , Bandyopadhyay Gopal , Basu Koushik 
Published: January 2019

Key Clinical Message
The authors present a 20‐year‐old myopic male who showed golden color of fundus (Mizuo‐Nakamura phenomenon) in light and normal color after long dark adaptation. This phenomenon is associated with an abnormally slow dark adaptation and is typically noted in Oguchi disease, a variant of congenital stationary night blindness.
Extended Limits of Reversible Electrochemical Lithiation of Crystalline V2O5
Authors: Itkis Daniil M. , Krivchenko Victor A. , Kozmenkova Anna Ya. , Pakhotina Margarita S. , Napolskiy Filipp S. , Gigli Lara , Plaisier Jasper , Khasanova Nellie R. , Antipov Evgeny V. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAlthough lithium intercalation into vanadium (V) oxide was studied over decades, exact compositional stability limits for γ‐LixV2O5 phase, which can be reversibly lithiated and delithiated, are still not clear. Using operando and ex‐situ synchrotron X‐ray diffraction, we traced phase composition of the V2O5 electrodes containing reduced graphene oxide during its lithiation and delithiation. We found that coating of micron‐sized V2O5 particles by reduced graphene oxide yields the material providing electrochemical capacity of more than 300 mA h g−1 manifesting insertion of more than 2 lithium ions per mole of V2O5 as confirmed by ICP MS analysis of the electrodes. The obtained electrode material can be sustainably cycled with capacity retaining at ca. 220 mA h g−1 at 500 mA g−1 current over 200 cycles.
Sliding Polymeric Layers and Anion Displacement Coupled with Spin Crossover in Two‐Dimensional Networks of [Fe(hbtz)2(CH3CN)2](BF4)2
Authors: Książek Maria , Weselski Marek , Ilczyszyn Maria , Kusz Joachim , Bronisz Robert 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe abrupt high spin (HS)→low spin (LS) transition (T↓1/2=136 K) in [Fe(hbtz)2(CH3CN)2](BF4)2 (hbtz=1,6‐di(tetrazol‐2‐yl)hexane) is finished at 100 K and further thermal treatment influences the spin crossover. Subsequent heating involves a change of the spin state in the same way (T↑1/2=136 K) on cooling. In contrast, cooling below 100 K triggers different behavior and T↑1/2 is shifted to 170 K. The extraordinary structural changes that occurred below 100 K are responsible for the observed diversity of properties. A unique feature of the low‐temperature phase is the rebuilding of the anion network expressed by a shift of anions inside the polymeric layer at a distance of 1.2 Å as well as the relative shift of neighboring layers at over 4 Å. These structural alterations, connected with a phase transition, become the origin of the strain, which in most cases causes crystal cleaving. In a sample composed from crystals crushed as a result of the phase transition or as a result of mechanical crumbling, the hysteresis loop vanishes; however, annealing the sample allows to its partial restoration. A replacement of acetonitrile by other nitriles leads to preservation of the polymeric structure and spin crossover, but no phase transition follows.