bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PERUBAHAN PENGUNAAN LAHAN DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PERUBAHAN IKLIM KOTA MALANG
Authors: Hamdani Akhmad Faruq , Susanti Nelya Eka 
Published: August 2019

Perkembangan kota dengan semakin meningkatnya jumlah penduduk akan meningkatkan kebutuhan terhadap lahan. Perubahan lahan terbuka menjadi lahan tertutup akan meningkatkan suhu udara di wilayah perkotaan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis perubahan penggunaan lahan dan pengaruhnya terhadap perubahan suhu udara di Kota Malang pada 25 tahun terakhir. Hal ini berkaitan dengan banyaknya perubahan lahan terbuka menjadi lahan tertutup di Kota Malang. Tahapan penelitian yang dilakukan yakni; 1) mengumpulkan data yang dibutuhkan dalam penelitian; 2) Melakukan analisis kepadatan penduduk Kota Malang, 3) Melakukan analisis suhu udara di Kota Malang yang kemudian dihitung rata-rata tahunan dan rata-rata bulanannya; 4) Melakukan analisis regresi linier sederhana untuk menghitung pengaruh antar variabel; 5) Melakukan survey lapangan untuk mengetahui kecocokan antara hasil analisis yang telah didapatkan dengan kondisi di lapangan. Berdasarkan uraian hasil penelitian di atas diperoleh hasil bahwa kepadatan penduduk Kota Malang pada tahun 1991 adalah 6369,65 jiwa/km2 dan pada tahun 2016 adalah 7734,26 jiwa/ km2. Terdapat kenaikan ± 1000 jiwa/ km2 dalam 25 tahun. Berdasarkan hasil analisis suhu udara Kota Malang selama 25 tahun diperoleh telah mengalami rata-rata kenaikan suhu udara 1,590C, dengan suhu udara bulanan tertinggi terjadi pada bulan April 2016 dan suhu udara terendah terjadi pada bulan Agustus 1995 dengan suhu udara 21,5810C. Kepadatan penduduk berpengaruh terhadap penggunaan tata guna lahan dan berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan suhu udara di Kota Malang dari tahun 1991 - 2016. Kepadatan penduduk di Kota Malang memiliki pengaruh sebesar 49,6% terhadap perubahan suhu, sedangkan 50,4% peningkatan suhu dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain
PENGEMBANGAN PARIWISATA ALAM DI KECAMATAN PONCOKUSUMO MENGGUNAKAN SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Saraswati Adinda Riskia , Malik Jamil Achmad Maulana 
Published: August 2019

Kecamatan Poncokusumo merupakan daerah agrowisata di Kabupaten Malang, Tujuan penelitian ini membuat pengembangan pariwisata dengan menggunakan sistem informasi geografis berbasis web sehingga informasi tersebut dapat diakses dengan mudah oleh masysrakat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuesioner, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah wisatawan yang datang ke obyek wisata, pengelola obyek wisata alam yang berada di Kecamatan Poncokusumo, tokoh masyarakat di sekitar obyek wisata alam dan Dinas Pariwisata Kabupaten Malang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif menggunakan analisis SWOT dalam pengembangan pariwisata alam di Kecamatan Poncokusumo. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, banyak sekali potensi alam yang berada di Kecamatan Poncokusumo antara lain coban bidadari, coban pelangi, ledok ombo, gunungsari sunset, river tubing ledok ombo dan juga river tubing sedaer.
Dutch Healthcare Professionals Experiences of Assisted Dying: A Constructivist Qualitative Study Conducted in a Chronic Disease Care Centre and Hospice.
Authors: Lewis Deborah , Preston Nancy 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: Assisted dying is a contemporary issue, but comprehensive consideration of healthcare professionals’ experiences has been lacking. This study sought to gain a deeper understanding of professionals’ experiences of assisted dying to inform the global debate surrounding its implementation.
Methods: This constructivist, qualitative study, recruited twenty-one physicians, nurses and therapists from a Dutch chronic disease care centre and a hospice. Data were gathered in semi-structured interviews, conducted in English. Questioning focused on professionals’ experiences along a clinical trajectory from an initial request to beyond the death. Data were subjected to thematic analysis to identify main and subthemes.
Results: Analytical procedures generated four broad themes ‘Assessment and its Challenges’, ‘Preparing Staff and Learners’, ‘Assisting a Death’ and ‘Bereavement Care and Beyond’, supported by subthemes. Assessment of requests involved all professional groups and required open dialogue, exploration of fears, palliative care optimisation and psychological evaluation. Such measures resolved the majority of requests.
Assisted deaths were challenging, required careful management and were not perceived as normal. Administration of lethal drugs and reporting procedures were stressful for physicians. Structured debriefing and proactive psychological support were valued by all professionals, but resolving their emotions took time. Some physicians required a recovery period creating equity of access issues. Life and care experience aided the preparation of professionals, but resilience was also needed. Support for the provision of assisted dying was overwhelming, but this was unqualified in only a third of participants.
Conclusions: Assisted dying creates significant challenges for healthcare professionals who require preparation and support. This is likely to require enhanced levels of palliative care education, legislative advice, and proactive psychological support to ensure professionals’ own well-being. Meeting these needs will have financial implications which should be addressed prior to implementing legislation which permits assisted dying.
Cervical Cancer Prevention and Control Program in Cambodia: outcomes and contributing factors from a pilot implementation of cancer screening with the human papilloma virus test
Authors: Koum Kanal , Fujita Noriko , Sann Chan Soeung , Kruy Leangsim , Matsumoto Yasuyo , Haruyama Rei , Banno Kouji , Kimura Tadashi 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background

Screening and treatment of precancerous lesions are not accessible to the majority of women in low-resource settings. Recently, the human papilloma virus (HPV) test has become affordable with its higher accuracy and more objective endpoint as a screening method; however, its implementation has been observed in a few resource-limited countries. This paper aims to describe the process of the pilot implementation of HPV test-based cervical cancer screening and treatment in Cambodia by Cambodian and Japanese societies of gynecology and to identify factors contributing to optimal outcomes.

Methods

A mixed-methods approach was used. Data from the survey results, the review of peer-reviewed and gray literature, and focus group discussions were analyzed.

Results

Implementation was performed in three phases: phase A to raise awareness of women’s health and access to cervical cancer screening among factory workers; phase B to improve gynecologic capacity for the diagnosis and treatment of precancerous lesions; and phase C to strengthen the capacity for pathological diagnosis. In phase A, among 687 eligible women, HPV test-based mobile screening was implemented for 132 women with 15 HPV positives. In phase B, gynecologists at three national hospitals became capable of colposcopy and loop electrosurgical excision procedures using standardized protocols. In phase C, the quality of technical skills and communication with clinical services improved for pathologists and technicians. Partnership between two professional societies, strong ownership and commitment of Cambodian society, and a comprehensive and stepwise quality-focused approach are identified to have contributed to the optimal outcomes and as key factors in sustainability.

Conclusion

Our analysis shows that HPV test-based screening has a potential to be scaled up with self-sustainability in Cambodia. This may serve as a good example of how professional societies can contribute to capacity building and system development for the prevention and control of cancer in a low-income country.
HIV infection among young men who have sex with men in China: comparison of risks among students and non-students
Authors: Wu Jing , Chen Zihuang , Yu Fei , Xu Youran , Ma Yue , Ji Guangyu , Scott Sarah Robbins , Mi Guodong , Wu Zunyou 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic has been drastically increasing among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China over the past decade. More so, the number of HIV infections among young adults in the country has also been on the rise, highlighting a unique sub-population, which may lead to increased incidence and transmission of the disease. This study aimed to determine the HIV infection rate amongst student and non-student young men who have sex with men (YMSM) in three regions in China and factors associated with their HIV infection.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 September to 6 September 2017 in Beijing, Sichuan, and Guangzhou). Participants were recruited through a popular Chinese gay social networking application, as well as several college-based youth associations. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess factors associated with HIV infection.

Results

The HIV infection rate among non-student YMSM was significantly higher than that of student YMSM (10.3% versus 5.3%, χ2trend=17.34, P<0.001). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that YMSM self-identifying as homosexual (AOR=2.81, 95%CI=1.40-5.66, P=0.004) and perceived themselves at risk for HIV (AOR=3.08, 95:CI:1.33-7.15, P=0.009) had a 3 times increased odds of being HIV positive. Additionally, participants whom reported not always using condoms with sex partners in the past six months (AOR=1.69, 95%CI=1.17-2.44, P=0.006) were at increased odds of HIV infection.

Conclusions

Young men who have sex with men, particularly those identifying as homosexual and not always using condoms during intercourse, are at increased odds of HIV infection in China. Promoting comprehensive sexual education to youth and other measures aimed at improving HIV knowledge could help control HIV transmission among this key sub-population.
Urinary sodium to potassium ratio: A simple and useful indicator of diet quality in population-based studies
Authors: Mirmiran Parvin , Gaeini Zahra , Bahadoran Zahra , Ghasemi Asghar , Reza Norouzirad , Tohidi Maryam , Azizi Fereidoun 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background

Urinary sodium (Na) and potassium (K) are related to dietary intakes of Na and K, and well-known risk factors of hypertension and cardiovascular events. This study aimed to evaluate the associations between urinary Na/K ratio and different dietary patterns.

Methods

we recruited 1864 adult men and women (aged 18-93 years), participated in the sixth examination of Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Fasting spot urine samples were collected and concentrations of Na and K were determined. The principle component analysis (PCA) was conducted to drive major dietary patterns among population. Mediterranean dietary pattern score, as well as DASH score, were calculated. Linear regression models adjusted for potential confounding variables were used to assess associations between dietary patterns scores and urinary Na/K ratio.

Results

Mean age of participants was 43.7±13.9 years, and 47% were men. Mean urinary Na and K concentrations were 139±41.0 and 57.9±18.6 mmol/L, respectively. Mean urinary Na/K was 2.40±0.07. A significant positive association was found between Western dietary pattern and urinary Na/K ratio (β=0.06; 95% CI= 0.01, 0.16). Traditional dietary pattern derived from usual dietary intakes of Iranian adults, as well as Mediterranean and DASH dietary pattern scores were inversely associated to urinary Na/K ratio (β= –0.14; 95% CI= –0.24, –0.11, β=–0.07; 95% CI= –0.09, –0.01, β=–0.12; 95% CI= –0.05, –0.02, respectively).

Conclusions

Urinary Na/K ratio may suggest as a simple, inexpensive and helpful method to monitor and improve diet quality in population-based studies.
The effects of aerobic exercises on high sensitivity C-reactive protein and depression in patients living with HIV infection; a systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Anieto Ebuka Miracle , Uduonu Ekezie Mmanwanne , Ezeukwu Obinna Antoninus , Abaraogu Ukachukwu Okoroafor , Nwadilibe Ijeoma Blessing , Adu Omotoyosi Johnson , Kalu Michael Ebe 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background

HIV infection and chronic use of highly active antiretroviral therapy have been associated with increased expression of pro-inflammatory biomarkers (e.g. high-sensitivity C-reactive protein) and major affective disorders (e.g. depression). There is a growing research interest in aerobic exercise as an adjunct therapy on inflammatory outcomes and depression in people living with HIV (PLHIV) who are undergoing antiretroviral therapy. Synthesizing and appraising available evidence may be essential to guide practice and future research on exercise intervention to this population. This review evaluated the effects of aerobic exercises on serum levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and depressive symptoms in PLHIV.

Methods

Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, PEDRO, EMBASE, AMED, CINAHL, and Web of Science were systematically searched to include clinical trials that investigated the effects of aerobic exercises on hs-CRP and/or depression in PLWH. Two reviewers independently screened all the articles for eligibility and also evaluated the risk of bias using the Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias assessment tool. Data were extracted and meta-analyses conducted using Review Manager Software.

Results

Six studies (261 participants) met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Four of the studies reported on depressive symptoms and two on hs-CRP outcome The meta-analysis result showed a significant (Z=3.78, p<0.0002) decrease in depression scores in PLWH; implying that aerobic exercise interventions reduce depressive symptoms among PLWH. The two studies that reported on hs-CRP outcome, found no significant effect of aerobic exercise on hs-CRP. Overall, the GRADE evidence for this review was of moderate quality.

Conclusion

There was evidence that aerobic exercises of about 24-60 minutes duration, two to five times per week can lead to a significant improvement in depression level but not hs-CRP in PLWH. However, it should not be concluded as ‘no evidence of effect’ because the included trials do not have sufficient power to detect treatment effects. Thus, further homogenous research with enough “power” is necessary for a conclusive estimate of effects.
Medical practice differences among internal medicine fellows during in-hospital Emergency Department 24-hour shifts
Authors: Babacanli Marina Repušić , Zeljković Matea Kolačević , Babacanli Alen , Olujić Vida , Radovanić Sandra , Šikić Aljoša , Radeljić Vjekoslav , Bulj Nikola , Pavlović Nikola , Manola Šime , Pintarić Hrvoje , Zeljkovic Ivan 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background There are limited data which show how Emergency Department (ED)-specific knowledge and skills are acquired throughout the internal medicine fellowship, especially during 24-hour shifts. The aim of the study was to assess the differences in medical practice between fellows among different fellowship-years in ED settings.
Methods We conducted a cross-sectional, retrospective study at a large university hospital using data on every ED examination done during 2016. All data were taken from the hospital information system. We compared 1st-year fellows with all older fellows, as well as 5th-year fellows with all younger fellows.
Results In 2016, 55 fellows had ≥ 15 24-hour shifts with 3 attending fellows during one shift. A total of 19’916 patients were examined by attending fellows in the ED. When compared to 2nd-year fellows, 1st-year fellows examined more patients brought to ED by out-of-hospital emergency medical team and had significantly higher share of examined patients per 24-hour shift with lower length of stay. When compared to 5th-year fellows, 1st-year fellows examined older patients, but had lower share of examined patients during one 24-hour shift and participated in fewer CPR cases. When compared to younger fellows, 5th-year fellows participated in more CPR cases and had higher proportion of patients admitted to hospital.
Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first report on the ED medical practice differences among fellows of different fellowship-year. When compared to other fellows, 1st-year fellows participated less in CPR cases, but were faster in providing medical care in ED. 5th-year fellows had the highest proportion of patients admitted to hospital and more CPR cases.
Clinical Characteristics of Testicular Nonseminomatous Germ Cell Tumor from West China: A 10-Year Experience of a Super regional Center
Authors: Chen Zeyu , Wang Xingyuan , Cao Dehong , Qiu Shi , Guo Jianbing , Chen Bo , Huang Yin , Bao Yige , Liu Liangren , Wei Qiang 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Obejectives: To evaluate the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of Nonseminomatous Germ Cell Tumor (NSGCT).
Patients and methods: Testicular cancer (TC) survey was conducted by Department of Urology, West China Hospital from 2008 to 2018. Details such as age, tumor size, tumor markers, histopathology, clinical stage, initial treatment, follow up, and clinical outcomes were provided by the database of our center. Tumor stage was classified according to the NCCN criteria(1).
Results: Orchiectomy, chemotherapy and radio-therapy were the main treatments for these patients. Clinical stage I, stage II and stage III patients accounted for 74.6% (150), 7.5% (15) and 17.9% (36), respectively. After a median follow up time of 63 months, 4 patients relapsed during observation and 3 of them died. 4 patients died because of advanced malignancies. Among CSI patients, 2 relapsed and 1 died in 3 months after orchiectomy. No recurrence was found in CSII patients. 2 out of 29 stage III cases relapsed after treatment and 3 died of advanced cancer. The 3- and 10- year OS was 95.6% and 88.7%, respectively. For all the patients, the 3- and 10-year PFS was 94.9% and 88.8%. According to our data, we found that the meatastasis and tumor size were risk factors for NSGCTs.
Conclusion: The present report showed a good prognosis at non-metastatic stage(CSI). However, the prognosis of advanced disease(CSII and CSIII) is significantly worse than that of early stage. We also found that maximum tumor diameter of >5cm was a potential risk factor for NSGCT.
Trichoderma posible micoparásito de Sporisorium reilianum y su influencia en el rendimiento de maíz
Authors: Landero Valenzuela Nadia , Lara Viveros Francisco Marcelo , Rodríguez Ortega Alejandro , Pérez Vite Andrés , Ortíz Hernández Abigail 
Published: August 2019

<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><strong>Objetivo - </strong><span>evaluar el efecto de cepas de </span><em>Trichoderma </em><span>en el control de </span><em>Sporisorium reilianum </em><span>y aumentar el rendimiento en un cultivo de maíz en el Valle del Mezquital, Hidalgo.</span></p><p><strong>Método - </strong><span>se desarrollaron experimentos </span><span><em>in vitro</em> e <em>in vivo</em></span><span>, las variables evaluadas fueron colonización por </span><em>Trichoderma </em><span>en cultivos duales, Incidencia, colonización de tejidos vegetales, altura y rendimiento. Los resultados serán relevantes para las regiones templadas donde se establezca maíz. </span></p><p><span><strong>Resultados - </strong></span><span>se demostró </span><em>in vitro </em><span>que el patógeno fue controlado principalmente por las cepas C5THBr y C3VM14. En incidencia en el cultivo, el tratamiento con el cual se obtuvo el mejor resultado fue con la cepa C4TVBr-no nativa (8.31%). Los tejidos fueron colonizados por </span><em>Trichoderma </em><span>desde un 19.99% (hojas) hasta un 53.3% (raíces). A excepción de C3VM14 todos los tratamientos tuvieron efecto positivo en altura de plantas. Con la cepa C5THBr-no nativa hubo un aumento de rendimiento de un 38.8%. </span></p><p><strong>Limitaciones - </strong><span>se requieren estudios detallados sobre los mecanismos de acción de las cepas en estudio. </span></p><p><strong>Principales hallazgos - </strong><span>las cepas de </span><span><em>Trichoderma</em> </span><span>tanto nativas como no nativas pueden tener un efecto en el control de </span><em>Sporisorium reilianum </em><span>así como en el aumento del rendimiento del cultivo del maíz. </span></p></div></div></div>
Transferencia y conservación de la infraestructura hidroagrícola en el Alto Río Lerma, Guanajuato
Authors: Reyes Martínez Amelia , Castro Ramírez Juan Carlos , Martínez Atilano Guillermo 
Published: August 2019

<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span><strong>Objetivo - </strong></span><span>evaluar el estado de conservación de la infraestructura hidroagrícola, como resultado del proceso de transferencia a los usuarios del D.R. 011.</span></p><p><strong>Método - </strong><span>análisis estadístico de series de tiempo de las variables de inversión en mantenimiento y conservación, cuotas de riego y volúmenes de agua disponible para riego en el D.R. 011.</span></p><p><strong>Resultados - </strong>la inversión en conservación y mantenimiento no presenta una tendencia creciente en el período posterior al proceso de transferencia, no obstante que se incrementaron las cuotas de riego pagadas por los usuarios, lo que ha incidido negativamente en el estado físico de las obras.</p><p><strong>Limitaciones - </strong>no hay información disponible suficiente para realizar el análisis estadístico de cada uno de los módulos estudiados.</p><p><strong>Principales hallazgos - </strong>a más de dos décadas de la transferencia del manejo de las obras a los usuarios del D.R. 011, las estructuras de riego presentan un notable deterioro, particularmente los módulos Valle de Santiago y Cortázar, donde gran parte de los canales de distribución de la red menor, se encuentran sin revestir y en malas condiciones.</p></div></div></div>
El entorno simbólico-territorial del Mapa de Teozacoalco: representación del paisaje y sus linderos
Authors: Hermann Lejarazu Manuel Álvaro 
Published: August 2019

<p>El Mapa de Teozacoalco ha sido considerado el documento clave para el desciframiento de los códices mixtecos. La piedra de Rosetta según Alfonso Caso. No obstante, existen en el Mapa un grupo de elementos toponímicos cuya lectura e interpretación no ha sido del todo esclarecida. Me refiero a los glifos que forman parte de los límites o linderos del señorío de Teozacoalco que se hayan representados sobre el perímetro del enorme círculo del Mapa. De estos glifos, sólo una mínima parte ha logrado relacionarse con límites entre Teozacoalco y Chalcatongo, pero la mayoría de ellos aún no ha logrado localizarse. En el presente artículo mostraré los avances de una investigación más amplia que me ha permitido identificar un grupo de glifos que no solamente señala los linderos de Teozacoalco con otros pueblos, sino también ofrece claves para comprender qué tipo de elementos geográficos y culturales son empleados para marcar el territorio y me lleva a pensar qué pueden simbolizar en realidad al momento de representarse en el Mapa. Con ello, ofrecemos bases para comprender los conceptos de territorialidad indígena plasmados en la cartografía tradicional. </p>