bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Daily and seasonal variations of soil respiration from maize field under different water treatments in North China
Authors: Zhang Mengfei , Han Wenting , Li Chaoqun , Zhang Liyuan , Peng Manman , Wang Tonghua , Chen Xiangwei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTo further evaluate the effect of water stress on soil respiration (RS), reveal the influencing factors of daily and seasonal RS, and systematically evaluate and compare the sensibility of different machine learning algorithms (multiple nonlinear regression [MNR], support vector machine regression [SVR], backpropagation artificial neural network [BPNN]) to estimate RS from a maize field under water stress condition, the field experiments were conducted within a maize field in Inner Mongolia, China, during the entire 2019 growing season. Various levels of deficit irrigation were conducted in the vegetative, reproductive, and mature stages. Our research indicated that soil CO2 fluxes from 100% evapotranspiration treatment (Tr1) were significantly greater than various deficit irrigation treatments (Tr2, Tr3, Tr4) during each growth stage of summer maize. The cumulative soil CO2 fluxes of Tr2, Tr3, and Tr4 decreased 24.8%, 30.3%, and 43.7% compared with Tr1, respectively. We determined that the drivers affecting the daily RS were soil temperature at 5 cm depth (TS,5) and soil surface temperature (TSF), followed by water‐filled porosity (WFPS) at 5 cm depth, but no significant correlations were observed at 25 cm depths. TS,5 and TSF also performed similar correlation with seasonal RS with R greater than 0.753 among all water treatments, followed by chlorophyll content with R greater than 0.726. During the whole growing season, the BPNN model exhibited the best predicting result, and could explain the 60%–80% and 87.8% of the variations of RS at the daily and seasonal scales, with root mean square error of 48.7–100.9 mg m−2 h−1 and 91.5 mg m−2 h−1, respectively. The SVR and MNR models could estimate the 47.9%–57% and 39.9%–52.1% of the daily RS and 81.4% and 78.6% of the seasonal RS, respectively. Overall, our study indicated the machine learning algorithms could be successfully applied to estimate RS at daily and seasonal scales from a maize field under water stress condition.
Diet of schistosome vectors influences infection outcomes
Authors: Trapp Joshua , Yu Wesley , Spaan Johannie M. , Pennance Tom , Rawago Fredrick , Ogara George , Odiere Maurice R. , Steinauer Michelle L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractResource availability can alter infection outcomes through its impact on host immunity and on parasite reproduction. On one hand, enhanced nutrition could favor immunity, limiting the parasite, and on the other hand, it could favor establishment and reproduction of the parasite. Our study aimed to determine the effect of diet on (1) host susceptibility to infection and (2) parasite production in a snail‐trematode system. We fed Biomphalaria sudanica, a snail vector of Schistosoma mansoni, either a strict lettuce (low nutrient) or pellet (high nutrient) diet for two generations before exposing them to S. mansoni. We used two parasite strains, one that is incompatible with the snails and one that is compatible with the snails. We found that when exposed to incompatible parasites, diet did not affect snail susceptibility significantly as few snails were infected overall. However, when challenged with the compatible parasites, snails fed the high‐nutrient diet were more susceptible to infection than their low‐nutrient‐fed counterparts. The high‐nutrient‐fed snails also produced more cercariae than low‐nutrient‐fed snails, but this advantage was lost after the initial assessment at 8 weeks. Snails that obtained infections were either kept on their initial diet or switched to the other diet. This experiment showed that snails switched from a low‐to‐high‐nutrient diet produced more cercariae than those remaining on the low‐nutrient diet and similar numbers to those remaining on the high‐nutrient diet. Unexpectedly, the reciprocal diet switch (high to low nutrient) initially resulted in more cercariae relative to controls, but the pattern reversed after initial assessment. This study showed that available resources can impact the susceptibility of the vector host and the reproductive capacity of the parasites, with higher nutrients favoring parasite establishment and reproduction, highlighting the plasticity of susceptibility phenotypes, which also have a strong genetic basis. These data can aid predictions of how future environmental changes and resource availability may impact parasite transmission.
Near‐Infrared Broadband Emission for High Electroluminescence Efficiency by Cr3+/In3+‐Doped Germanate Phosphors
Authors: Su Peng , Zhao Qunyang , Lang Tianchun , Peng Lingling , Polisadova Elena , Qiang Qinping , Liu Bitao , Han Tao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this paper, a series of KGaGeO4:0.01Cr3+, xIn3+ (KGGO:0.01Cr3+, xIn3+, x=0~0.08) phosphors were synthesized by high temperature method. KGGO:0.01Cr3+ has a far red emission in the range of 600~900 nm ascribing to the 4T2→4 A2 spin‐allowed transition of Cr3+. With the incorporation of In3+, KGGO:Cr3+, In3+ shows a near‐infrared (NIR) broadband emission in the range of 700~1200 nm, with red shift of the emission peak by 136 nm, and FWHM of 185 nm. The electroluminescence efficiency of NIR pc‐LED prepared by KGGO:0.01Cr3+, 0.02In3+ is as high as 19 % under the output power of 25 mW, which can be applied in the night vision technology and microbial growth.
High Strength Anhydrite Cement Based on Lime Mud From Water Treatment Process: One Step Synthesis in Water Environment, Characterization and Technological Parameters
Authors: Kamarou Maksim , Tan Hongbin , Moskovskikh Dmitry , Kulinich Natallia , Ma Xiaoling , Yang Feihua , Beletskii Evgenii , Alekseeva Elena , Yudin Sergey , Romanovski Valentin 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIn the process of water treatment from surface water sources, lime mud as waste is formed. This waste contains CaO, Ca(OH)2, and CaCO3. The article proposes a comprehensive method for processing lime mud into high‐strength anhydrite cement. The method involves the interaction of lime mud with waste sulfuric acid from the production of polymer fibers using a structure‐controlled method in the (CaO·Ca(OH)2·CaCO3)—H2SO4—H2O system at a temperature of 40°C. X‐ray diffraction analysis showed the presence of CaSO4 and CaSO4·0.62H2O phases with a purity of 99.8%. The structure‐controlled method makes it possible to control the formation and growth of calcium sulfate crystals of the required shape and size, due to which it is possible to obtain anhydrite cement with desired properties. Combined grinding of synthetic anhydrite with activator additives makes it possible to obtain anhydrite cement with a strength of up to 28.5 MPa.
Applicability of the longitudinal profile–based cirque classification—A test with large cirque datasets in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Jia Tian , Fu Ping , Qin Cheng‐Zhi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAccurate cirque classification is essential for understanding their formation and palaeoclimatic implications. Longitudinal‐profile‐based cirque classification offers advantages over expert classification and parameter‐based methods. This classification fits exponential or power functions to cirque profiles, employing linear classifiers based on the exponential coefficient (c‐value) and cirque height, or a threshold approach based on the power coefficient (b‐value) to classify cirques and non‐cirques. However, previous studies were limited to small sample sets. Our study extends this methodology to more extensive datasets on the southeastern Tibetan Plateau, evaluating its effectiveness across two larger sample sets. Both c‐value and b‐value based methods are tested with two classifiers: the original classifier from previous studies and the parameter‐refitted classifier trained by datasets of this study. The results show that the c‐value‐based method effectively classifies typical cirques and non‐cirques, with notable enhancements in performance based on the refitted classifier compared to the original one. The b‐value‐based method with the refitted classifier performs well in typical cirque identification but is less effective for non‐cirques compared to the original classifier. For all‐type cirques and non‐cirques, both methods demonstrated improved performance in non‐cirque classification although there was a slight trade‐off of cirque classification. Additionally, c‐value based non‐linear classifiers and b‐value optimal threshold for classifying cirque and non‐cirque have been developed, and their improved performance in this classification is discussed. Overall, the longitudinal‐profile‐based classification is more effective for typical cirques and non‐cirques, with potentials for further improvement by considering additional spatial structure information of cirques.
Prevalence and Determinants of Scabies Among Schoolchildren in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Girma Abayeneh , Abdu Indiris 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsIn deprived and poor communities worldwide, scabies remains an overlooked tropical disease. Numerous individual studies have been conducted in Ethiopia on this issue, demonstrating notable disparities and inconclusive findings. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to establish Ethiopia's pooled scabies prevalence and determinants among schoolchildren.MethodsStudies were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and African Journals Online through a systematic search. The Joanna Briggs Institute's critical appraisal tool was employed to assess the quality of observational studies (cross‐sectional and case‐control). The meta‐analysis was performed using Stata software version 14 and its metan command. A forest plot was used with a random effects model to calculate the pooled prevalence and its 95% confidence interval (CI). Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were employed to evaluate potential sources of heterogeneity. The funnel plot and Egger's test were used to evaluate publication bias, while heterogeneity was assessed using inverse variance (I2).ResultsIn this systematic review and meta‐analysis, 14.71% (733/5104) of schoolchildren had scabies, with a 95% CI of 8.90%−20.52%. The highest prevalence is recorded in the Amhara region (17.09%; 95% CI: 2.15–32.04), and the lower prevalence is seen in the Oromia region (12.52%; 95% CI: 10.08–14.95). Children sharing clothes with scabies cases, using common sleeping beds/fomites, having a family history of scabies, and having illiterate parents are significantly associated with scabies among Ethiopian schoolchildren (based on adjusted odds ratios: 7.07; 95% CI: 1.55–12.59, 2.13; 95% CI: 0.04–4.22, 1.45; 95% CI: 0.35–3.94, 1.42; 95% CI: 0.94–0.89).ConclusionThe current prevalence of scabies ranges from 12.52% to 17.09% and is higher in the Amhara region. The national policymakers and health planners should prioritize implementing prevention and control measures of scabies among schoolchildren through ivermectin‐based mass drug administration for three to five rounds annually until the prevalence is less than 2%.
A Comprehensive Evaluation of Agricultural Drought Vulnerability Using Fuzzy‐AHP‐Based Composite Index Integrating Sensitivity and Adaptive Capacity
Authors: Bera Debarati , Dutta Dipanwita 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTWith increasing extreme weather events, ground water crisis and population expansion, crop stress and production failure have emerged as critical challenges. Agricultural drought vulnerability (ADV) at local and regional scales has become a global concern as it is directly related to food security, hunger issues and poverty. The Kangsabati river basin is one of the major drought‐prone river basin in the eastern India and frequently affected by the reduction of crop production or crop failure because of fluctuation of monsoonal rainfalls, poor irrigation system and harsh edaphic factors. In this context, this study focuses on assessing agricultural vulnerability in the Kangsabati basin using multi‐sensor datasets and geospatial techniques. The ADV has been assessed through multi‐source data sets covering meteorological, agricultural, soil and socio‐economic aspects using a powerful, systematic, and flexible decision‐making fuzzy‐based analytic hierarchy process (fuzzy‐AHP) technique. The ADV index is a functional product of two composite indices: the sensitivity index (SI) and the adaptivity index. The SI is derived from components like the intensity of agricultural drought index, groundwater stress, soil erosion, percentage of cultivators, marginal workers and agricultural land. Adaptive capacity depends upon human, financial, physical, infrastructural and natural capital. Each index was derived considering various factors using fuzzy‐AHP methods for weightage calculation. The composite indices revealed the variation of resource distribution precisely in each geographically distinct zone. The study shows that almost 60% of the highly sensitive zone is situated in the upper basin region characterised by undulating lands. A large part of the entire basin (48%) is moderately drought‐sensitive. The result also shows that a significant part (35%) of the upper and middle basin is highly vulnerable to agricultural drought. In contrast, the lower basin exhibits low to very low levels of vulnerability to drought. The results indicate that even though some areas are moderate to less sensitive, the vulnerability of agricultural drought has become high due to their limited adaptive capacity. The comprehensive framework developed for assessing ADV has the potential for region‐specific policy implementation and sustainable growth.
Gout in pregnancy: Obstetric and neonatal outcomes
Authors: Amar Sam , Badeghiesh Ahmad , Baghlaf Haitham , Dahan Michael H. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe pregnancy, delivery, and neonatal outcomes of pregnancies complicated by gout have yet to be evaluated in a population‐based study. We sought to evaluate the obstetric and neonatal outcomes in pregnant patients with gout using a national population database.MethodsThis is a retrospective population‐based cohort study utilizing the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, Nationwide Inpatient Sample (HCUP‐NIS). All women who delivered or had a maternal death in the USA (2004–2014) were included in the study. Pregnancy, delivery, and neonatal outcomes were compared between women with an ICD‐9 diagnosis of gout to those without.ResultsOverall, 9 096 788 women met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 168 women (1.8/100000) had gout. Patients with gout, compared to those without, were more likely to be older and obese and to have chronic hypertension, pregestational diabetes mellitus, and thyroid disease. Pregnant women with gout were more likely to develop gestational diabetes mellitus (aOR 1.78 [95% CI 1.17–2.72], P = 0.008), to require operative vaginal delivery (aOR 3.26 [95% CI 2.03–5.22], P = 0.0001), and to experience venous thromboembolism (aOR 8.47 [95% CI 2.06–34.82], P = 0.003) compared to pregnant patients without gout. Patients with gout were more likely to deliver a neonate with congenital anomalies compared to those without gout (aOR 3.38 [95% CI 1.24–9.20], P = 0.02).ConclusionGout in pregnancy, or pregnancies complicated by a history of gout, are associated with increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus, pulmonary embolism, and neonatal anomalies.
Self‐criticism, maternal emotional distress, and maternal hostility among Bedouin mothers with preterm infants
Authors: Assal‐Zrike Shuaa , Atzaba‐Poria Naama 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study examined the links between maternal self‐criticism, maternal postpartum emotional distress (PPED), and maternal non‐hostility among Arab‐Bedouin mothers living in southern Israel. We proposed a moderated mediation model in which self‐criticism would be related to PPED, which, in turn would be related to maternal non‐hostility. One hundred five Arab‐Bedouin mothers and their preterm (n = 48) and full‐term (n = 57) infants were recruited shortly after birth and were followed up when infants were 6 months old (corrected for prematurity). The self‐report measures were done shortly after birth, and, the measurement of observation was done at the 6‐month visit. Findings demonstrated evidence for a moderated mediation model in which higher levels of maternal self‐criticism correlated over time with higher levels of maternal PPED, and this, in turn, predicted lower levels of maternal non‐hostility. This model was found only among the preterm group.
Anabolic Sensitivity in Healthy, Lean, Older Men Is Associated With Higher Expression of Amino Acid Sensors and mTORC1 Activators Compared to Young
Authors: Horwath Oscar , Moberg Marcus , Hodson Nathan , Edman Sebastian , Johansson Mats , Andersson Eva , van Hall Gerrit , Rooyackers Olav , Philp Andrew , Apró William 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundSarcopenia is thought to be underlined by age‐associated anabolic resistance and dysregulation of intracellular signalling pathways. However, it is unclear whether these phenomena are driven by ageing per se or other confounding factors.MethodsLean and healthy young (n = 10, 22 ± 3 years, BMI; 23.4 ± 0.8 kg/m2) and old men (n = 10, 70 ± 3 years, BMI; 22.7 ± 1.3 kg/m2) performed unilateral resistance exercise followed by intake of essential amino acids (EAA). Muscle biopsies were collected from the rested and the exercised leg before, immediately after and 60 and 180 min after EAA intake. Muscle samples were analysed for amino acid concentrations, muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and associated anabolic signalling.ResultsFollowing exercise, peak plasma levels of EAA and leucine were similar between groups, but the area under the curve was ~11% and ~28% lower in Young (p < 0.01). Absolute levels of muscle EAA and leucine peaked 60 min after exercise, with ~15 and ~21% higher concentrations in the exercising leg (p < 0.01) but with no difference between groups. MPS increased in both the resting (~0.035%·h−1 to 0.056%·h−1, p < 0.05) and exercising leg (~0.035%·h−1 to 0.083%·h−1, p < 0.05) with no difference between groups. Phosphorylation of S6K1Thr389 increased to a similar extent in the exercising leg in both groups but was 2.8‐fold higher in the resting leg of Old at the 60 min timepoint (p < 0.001). Phosphorylation of 4E‐BP1Ser65 increased following EAA intake and exercise, but differences between legs were statistically different only at 180 min (p < 0.001). However, phosphorylation of this site was on average 78% greater across all timepoints in Old (p < 0.01). Phosphorylation of eEF2Thr56 was reduced (~66% and 39%) in the exercising leg at both timepoints after EAA intake and exercise, with no group differences (p < 0.05). However, phosphorylation at this site was reduced by ~27% also in the resting leg at 60 min, an effect that was only seen in Old (p < 0.01). Total levels of Rheb (~45%), LAT1 (~31%) and Rag B (~31%) were higher in Old (p < 0.001).ConclusionLean and healthy old men do not manifest AR as evidenced by potent increases in MPS and mTORC1 signalling following EAA intake and exercise. Maintained anabolic sensitivity with age appears to be a function of a compensatory increase in basal levels of proteins involved in anabolic signalling. Therefore, our results suggest that age per se does not appear to cause AR in human skeletal muscle.
Intermittent Hypoxic–Hyperoxic Training During Inpatient Rehabilitation Improves Exercise Capacity and Functional Outcome in Patients With Long Covid: Results of a Controlled Clinical Pilot Trial
Authors: Doehner Wolfram , Fischer Azadeh , Alimi Banafsheh , Muhar Jasmin , Springer Jochen , Altmann Christoph , Schueller Per Otto 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionLong COVID‐19 illness is a severely disabling disease with shortness of breath, weakness and fatigue as leading symptoms, resulting in poor quality of life and substantial delay in return to work.No specific respiratory therapy has been validated for patients with long COVID. The intermittent hypoxia–hyperoxia training (IHHT) is a respiratory therapeutic modality to improve exercise performance via controlled respiratory conditioning. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the therapeutic effect of IHHT on functional and symptomatic recovery of patients with long COVID syndrome.MethodsA prospective, controlled, open‐treatment interventional study was conducted in patients with long COVID who were admitted to an inpatient rehabilitation programme. Patients were assigned nonrandomized to receive IHHT in addition to the standardized rehabilitation programme (IHHT group) or standard rehabilitation alone (control group). The IHHT group received supervised sessions of intermittent hypoxic (10–12% O2) and hyperoxic (30–35% O2) breathing three times per week throughout the rehabilitation period. Primary endpoint was improved walking distance in a 6‐min walk test (6MWT) between study groups. Secondary endpoints were change in stair climbing power, dyspnoea (Borg dyspnoea Scale), fatigue assessment scale (FAS) and change in health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) assessed by patient global assessment (PGA), EQ‐5D analogue scale and the MEDIAN Corona Recovery Score (MCRS). Further assessments included maximum handgrip strength, nine hole peg test, timed up‐and‐go, respiratory function and functional ambulation category (FAC), serum analyses and safety of the intervention.ResultsA total of 145 patients were included in the study (74% female, mean age 53 ± 12 years) and assigned to IHHT (n = 70) or standard care (n = 75). The 6MWT distance improved 2.8‐fold in the IHHT group compared to the control group (91.7 ± 50.1 m vs. 32.6 ± 54.2 m, ANCOVA p < 0.001). Stair climbing power improved 3.7‐fold in the IHHT group compared to controls (−1.91 ± 2.23 s vs. −0.51 ± 1.93 s, p < 0.001). Secondary endpoints on dyspnoea, fatigue and HRQoL (PGA, EQ‐5D and MCRS) improved significantly in the IHHT group compared to controls. The IHHT group exhibited a significant decrease in blood pressure, heart rate and increase in haemoglobin levels that was not observed in the control group. No adverse events were observed.ConclusionRespiratory treatment with IHHT in addition to a multidisciplinary rehabilitation programme improves functional capacity, symptomatic status and quality of life in patients with disabling long COVID. IHHT has been demonstrated to be safe, well tolerated and feasible to be integrated in an inpatient rehabilitation programme to improve outcome in long COVID.