bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing Attentional Bias in Secondary Cleft Lip Deformities: An Eye-Tracking Study
Authors: Morzycki Alexander , Wong Alison , Hong Paul , Bezuhly Michael 
Published: May 2018

Objective: Using a well-established measure of attention, we aimed to objectively identify differences in severity between types of simulated secondary cleft lip deformities. Design: Volunteer participants viewed a series of images of a child digitally modified to simulate different secondary unilateral cleft lip deformities (long lip, short lip, white roll/vermilion disjunction, and vermilion excess), a lip scar with no secondary deformity, or a normal lip. Eye movements were recorded using a table-mounted eye-tracking device. Dwell times for 7 facial regions (eyes, nose, mouth, left ear, right ear, scar, and entire face) were compared. Participants: Forty-six naive adults (25 male; mean age 25.5 years) were recruited from our local university community. Main Outcome: The primary outcome of the study was cumulative dwell time between facial regions (eyes, nose, mouth, left ear, right ear, scar, and entire face). Results: Participants spent significantly more time focused on the upper lip regions in patients with simulated secondary deformities relative to those who did not ( P < .01). Severe short lip deformities resulted in longer fixation times than severe long lips ( P < .05). Participants spent less time focused on the eye region in the presence of a secondary lip deformity ( P < .05). When total facial fixation time was assessed, short lip deformities resulted in the greatest duration dwell time ( P < .001). Conclusions: This study presents objective data to support the concept that observers show varying degrees of attentional bias to the lip region depending on the type and severity of the simulated secondary cleft lip deformity.
Relationship between self-reported and performance-based tests in assessment of patients with total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Elibol Nuray , Unver Bayram , Karatosun Vasfi , Gunal Izge 
Published: May 2018

Purpose: The aim of our study was to investigate the relationship between self-reported and performance-based tests in the assessment of patients with total hip arthroplasty (THA). Methods: Ninety four patients (35 males, 59 females) were included in the study with mean age 57.1 ± 14.6 years. Patients performed four performance tests (Timed “Up & Go” Test, Sit to Stand Test, Self-paced Walk Test and Stair Test) and two self-reported measurements (Harris Hip Score [HHS] and SF-36 [36-Item Short Form Health Survey]) were preferred to assess patients. Results: There were varying correlations between performance tests and subscales of the SF-36 including physical function, energy/fatigue, pain, general health. Strong correlation was found between HHS and Timed “Up and Go”( r = −0.59, p < 0.001), self-paced walk test ( r = −0.58, p < 0.001). Moderate correlation was found between HHS and sit to stand test ( r = −0.406, p < 0.001), stair test ( r = 0.32, p < 0.001). Conclusions: There were especially moderate-to-strong correlations between self-reported measurements and performance-based tests in the evaluation of patients with THA. Therefore, outcomes assessment after THA may include self-reported measurements or performance-based tests.
Obtuse triangle screw configuration for optimal internal fixation of femoral neck fracture: an anatomical analysis
Authors: Zhu Qiuliang , Shi Bengong , Xu Bin , Yuan Jianfeng 
Published: May 2018

Objectives: To identify the optimal screw configuration for internal fixation of femoral neck fractures based on anatomic analysis on radiologic imaging. Methods: 30 proximal femurs of 15 adults were constructed by CT. 3 femoral neck sections (FNS), the subcapital, medial, and the fundus, were projected on to the lateral femoral trochanteric wall. The simulated 3 screw configurations in the projection of FNS include: 2 inverted equilateral triangles symmetrised to the axis of the FNS (IET-FNS group) or the coronal axis of the proximal femur (IET-PR group) and an obtuse triangle (OT group). The distance between the screws, the distance between the centre of the FNS and the screws, and the area ratio of the triangle/FNS were calculated. Results: The projection of the FNS on to the lateral femoral trochanteric wall is displayed as a rotating forward ellipse. Measurements of distance between screws, distance between the centre of the FNS to the screws, and the area ratio of triangle/FNS were significantly larger in the OT group than in the IET-FNS and IET-PF groups ( p < 0.05). The values of the 3 parameters in the IET-FNS group were also larger than those in the IET-PF group ( p < 0.05). Conclusions: The obtuse triangle screw configuration displayed advantages with respect to the parameters of distance between screws, distance between the centre of FNS to screws, and the triangle area. Therefore, the obtuse triangle screw configuration may be the ideal pattern for internal fixation of femoral neck fractures (Pauwels I and II). This needs to be corroborated with biomechanics testing.
Applying a health action model to predict and improve healthy behaviors in coal miners
Authors: Vahedian-Shahroodi Mohammad , Tehrani Hadi , Mohammadi Faeze , Gholian-Aval Mahdi , Peyman Nooshin 
Published: May 2018

Introduction: One of the most important ways to prevent work-related diseases in occupations such as mining is to promote healthy behaviors among miners. This study aimed to predict and promote healthy behaviors among coal miners by using a health action model (HAM). Method: The study was conducted on 200 coal miners in Iran in two steps. In the first step, a descriptive study was implemented to determine predictive constructs and effectiveness of HAM on behavioral intention. The second step involved a quasi-experimental study to determine the effect of an HAM-based education intervention. This intervention was implemented by the researcher and the head of the safety unit based on the predictive construct specified in the first step over 12 sessions of 60 min. The data was collected using an HAM questionnaire and a checklist of healthy behavior. Results: The results of the first step of the study showed that attitude, belief, and normative constructs were meaningful predictors of behavioral intention. Also, the results of the second step revealed that the mean score of attitude and behavioral intention increased significantly after conducting the intervention in the experimental group, while the mean score of these constructs decreased significantly in the control group. Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that HAM-based educational intervention could improve the healthy behaviors of mine workers. Therefore, it is recommended to extend the application of this model to other working groups to improve healthy behaviors.
Phenotypic analysis of hemochromatosis subtypes reveals variations in severity of iron overload and clinical disease
Authors: Sandhu Kam , Flintoff Kaledas , Chatfield Mark D. , Dixon Jeannette L. , Ramm Louise E. , Ramm Grant A. , Powell Lawrie W. , Subramaniam V. Nathan , Wallace Daniel F. 
Published: May 2018

Key PointsThis comprehensive comparison of the genetic subtypes of hemochromatosis reveals more severe iron overload and disease in non-HFE forms. Arthropathy is more common in HFE-related hemochromatosis, suggesting that joint disease may not be associated with iron.
Regulation of Hepatic Lipid Accumulation and Distribution by Agouti-Related Protein in Male Mice
Authors: Maier Matthew T , Vilhelmsson Anna , Louie Sharon M , Vagena Eirini , Nomura Daniel K , Koliwad Suneil K , Xu Allison W 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Proper regulation of energy metabolism requires neurons in the central nervous system to respond dynamically to signals that reflect the body’s energy reserve, and one such signal is leptin. Agouti-related protein (AgRP) is a hypothalamic neuropeptide that is markedly upregulated in leptin deficiency, a condition that is associated with severe obesity, diabetes, and hepatic steatosis. Because deleting AgRP in mice does not alter energy balance, we sought to determine whether AgRP plays an indispensable role in regulating energy and hepatic lipid metabolism in the sensitized background of leptin deficiency. We generated male mice that are deficient for both leptin and AgRP [double-knockout (DKO)]. DKO mice and ob/ob littermates had similar body weights, food intake, energy expenditure, and plasma insulin levels, although DKO mice surprisingly developed heightened hyperglycemia with advancing age. Overall hepatic lipid content was reduced in young prediabetic DKO mice, but not in the older diabetic counterparts. Intriguingly, however, both young and older DKO mice had an altered zonal distribution of hepatic lipids with reduced periportal lipid deposition. Moreover, leptin stimulated, whereas AgRP inhibited, hepatic sympathetic activity. Ablating sympathetic nerves to the liver, which primarily innervate the portal regions, produced periportal lipid accumulation in wild-type mice. Collectively, our results highlight AgRP as a regulator of hepatic sympathetic activity and metabolic zonation.
Thyroid Hormone Receptor β Suppression of RUNX2 Is Mediated by Brahma-Related Gene 1–Dependent Chromatin Remodeling
Authors: Gillis Noelle E , Taber Thomas H , Bolf Eric L , Beaudet Caitlin M , Tomczak Jennifer A , White Jeffrey H , Stein Janet L , Stein Gary S , Lian Jane B , Frietze Seth , Carr Frances E 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Thyroid hormone receptor β (TRβ) suppresses tumor growth through regulation of gene expression, yet the associated TRβ-mediated changes in chromatin assembly are not known. The chromatin ATPase brahma-related gene 1 (BRG1; SMARCA4), a key component of chromatin-remodeling complexes, is altered in many cancers, but its role in thyroid tumorigenesis and TRβ-mediated gene expression is unknown. We previously identified the oncogene runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) as a repressive target of TRβ. Here, we report differential expression of BRG1 in nonmalignant and malignant thyroid cells concordant with TRβ. BRG1 and TRβ have similar nuclear distribution patterns and significant colocalization. BRG1 interacts with TRβ, and together, they are part of the regulatory complex at the RUNX2 promoter. Loss of BRG1 increases RUNX2 levels, whereas reintroduction of TRβ and BRG1 synergistically decreases RUNX2 expression. RUNX2 promoter accessibility corresponded to RUNX2 expression levels. Inhibition of BRG1 activity increased accessibility of the RUNX2 promoter and corresponding expression. Our results reveal a mechanism of TRβ repression of oncogenic gene expression: TRβ recruitment of BRG1 induces chromatin compaction and diminishes RUNX2 expression. Therefore, BRG1-mediated chromatin remodeling may be obligatory for TRβ transcriptional repression and tumor suppressor function in thyroid tumorigenesis.
Phylogeny and systematics of the tribe Thlaspideae (Brassicaceae) and the recognition of two new genera
Authors: Esmailbegi Shokouh , Al-Shehbaz Ihsan A. , Pouch Milan , Mandáková Terezie , Mummenhoff Klaus , Rahiminejad Mohammad Reza , Mirtadzadini Mansour , Lysak Martin A. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThlaspideae is an Old World tribe of Brassicaceae centered in SW Asia. Thirty–seven of 42 species (ca. 88%) in 13 genera of the tribe were analyzed using nuclear ITS and chloroplast trnL–F markers in a family–wide context. Both single–marker and concatenated phylogenies corroborated Thlaspideae as a well–supported monophyletic clade. With the exception of polyphyletic Alliaria and Parlatoria and paraphyletic Thlaspi and Didymophysa, the remaining genera were monophyletic. Alliaria petiolata comprised diploid and hexaploid populations in two well–resolved clades. The non–weedy diploid and hexaploid populations are restricted to SW Asia, and together with diploid A. taurica (formerly P. taurica), formed a sister clade to well–resolved Sobolewskia (3 spp.) and P. rostrata (now treated as the new monospecific genus Lysakia) clades. By contrast, the European and North American weedy and invasive hexaploid A. petiolata populations clustered with the diploid P. cakiloidea. Polyphyletic Thlaspi formed two distinct clades easily distinguished morphologically, and two of its six species are segregated into the new genus Mummenhoffia. Elburzia is reduced to synonymy of Didymophysa, and the new combinations D. fenestrata, Lysakia rostrata, Mummenhoffia alliacea, and M. oliveri are proposed and a diagnostic key for determination of Thlaspideae genera is presented. Age estimations based only on calibration by the controversial fossil Thlaspi primeavum resulted in unrealistic old age estimates. Chromosome counts are reported for 16 species.
Phylogenetics of Datureae (Solanaceae), including description of the new genus Trompettia and re–circumscription of the tribe
Authors: Dupin Julia , Smith Stacey D. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractDatureae is a tribe in the Solanaceae known for its charismatic large–flowered species (jimsonweeds and angel trumpets). The monophyly of the tribe is well established, but the recent finding that a species previously described in Iochroma (also Solanaceae) belongs in Datureae calls for a reassessment of the tribe's circumscription. Here we estimated the phylogeny of Datureae, including all of its 18 species, using three nuclear regions, and incorporated fossil information to estimate divergence times. Based on this phylogeny, we reconstructed the evolution of key aspects of reproductive morphology and life history to identify diagnostic features. Our molecular phylogenetic analyses suggest that the diversification of Datureae began roughly ca. 35 Ma, around the beginning of the Andean uplift. Within the tribe, Datura and Brugmansia are monophyletic sister taxa and the misplaced species of Iochroma is sister to the remaining species. Based on our morphological analysis, we describe the latter as a new monotypic genus Trompettia. Ancestral state reconstructions identify diagnostic features for each of the three genera and show a large suite of changes along the Datura branch, including the evolution of erect flowers, capsular fruit, and annual life history. Using these features, we formally re–circumscribe Datureae to include all genera and their species and provide a taxonomic key for the tribe.
Typification of Chlorophytum (Asparagaceae) taxon names from Angola: A critical reappraisal and new combinations
Authors: Meerts Pierre 
Published: May 2018

AbstractFifty–one names of plants now recognised as Chlorophytum that are based on type materials from Angola are reviewed. Twenty–three of these names are based on Welwitsch's collections for which there is generally no holotype. All the original materials have been critically reviewed. For eight names, some of the original materials did not match the protologue or comprised several taxa. For nine names, erroneous application of the term holotype is corrected to lectotype ("inadvertent lectotypifications"). For twenty–one names, lectotypifications are provided, including a new lectotype for Chlorophytum limosum and three second–step lectotypifications. A lectotype is also designated for Chlorophytum subpetiolatum based on materials from Mozambique. Eleven new synonyms and six new combinations are proposed (Chlorophytum benguellense, Chlorophytum fernandesii, Chlorophytum molle, Chlorophytum orchideum, Chlorophytum sphacelatum var. arenarium, Chlorophytum ustulatum. Current accepted names are provided for all taxa. Seven accepted taxa are endemic to Angola. Ten names remain unplaced because no material was found.
Order of the canonical vector bundle over configuration spaces of spheres
Authors: Ren Shiquan 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Given a vector bundle, its (stable) order is the smallest positive integer t such that the t-fold self-Whitney sum is (stably) trivial.
So far, the order and the stable order of the canonical vector bundle over configuration spaces of Euclidean spaces have been studied in
[F. R. Cohen, R. L. Cohen, N. J. Kuhn and J. A. Neisendorfer, Bundles over configuration spaces, Pacific J. Math. 104 1983, 1, 47–54],
[F. R. Cohen, M. E. Mahowald and R. J. Milgram, The stable decomposition for the double loop space of a sphere, Algebraic and Geometric Topology (Stanford 1976), Proc. Sympos. Pure Math. 32 Part 2, American Mathematical Society, Providence 1978, 225–228],
and
[S.-W. Yang, Order of the Canonical Vector Bundle on

C
n

⁢

(
k
)

/

Σ
k

{C_{n}(k)/\Sigma_{k}}

, ProQuest LLC, Ann Arbor, 1978].
Moreover, the order and the stable order of the canonical vector bundle over configuration spaces of closed orientable Riemann surfaces with genus greater than or equal to one have been studied in
[F. R. Cohen, R. L. Cohen, N. J. Kuhn and J. A. Neisendorfer, Bundles over configuration spaces, Pacific J. Math. 104 1983, 1, 47–54].
In this paper, we mainly study the order and the stable order of the canonical vector bundle over configuration spaces of spheres and disjoint unions of spheres.
Wer hat das bessere Bild?
Authors: Vogl Andreas 
Published: May 2018

Zusammenfassung
Big Data in der Astronomie ist die Folge systematischen Sammelns von Informationen, die durch neue Möglichkeiten digitaler Bilderfassung gewonnen werden. Durch aufwendige Bildverarbeitungsprozesse entstehen so imposante astronomische Bilder mit hoher Informationsdichte. Mit der Zeit haben diese Bilder das Feld der Wissenschaftscommunity in zunehmendem Maße verlassen und Einzug in populäre Massenmedien gehalten. Neben ihrer ursprünglich rein epistemischen Funktion wird offenbar, welch hohen Authentizitätsanspruch und Faszinationsgehalt diese bisweilen aufsehenerregenden Bilder bei einem breiten Laienpublikum auslösen können. Zeigen sich in Originalaufnahmen noch komplexe visuelle Informationen wissenschaftlicher Relevanz, so werden diese nicht selten mit dem Argument der „besseren Verständlichkeit“ in den PR-Abteilungen der Forschungszentren stark vereinfacht und modifiziert, um den kulturellen Sehgewohnheiten einer wissenschaftsaffinen Öffentlichkeit zu entsprechen. In Zeiten knapper Forschungsbudgets werden wiederholt diese digital aufgeputzten Bilder einem staunenden Laien-Publikum präsentiert, um so die eigene Forschungsarbeit besser legitimieren zu können. Bei der Analyse dieser Bildmedien wird ein überstrapazierter Einsatz von Falschfarbendarstellungen, Kontrastverstärkungen und fragwürdigen Kontextualisierungen offenkundig, der das ungeschulte Auge in die Irre führt. Um medienethischen Anforderungen gerecht zu werden, ist es daher angebracht, in Publikationen diese verborgenen Bildentstehungsprozesse deutlicher als bisher zu kommunizieren und von rein illustrativen und unwissenschaftlichen Darstellungsformen mit fotorealistischem Anmutungscharakter Abstand zu nehmen.
Efficacy of forced right nostril breathing and selected yogasanas on female obese college students
Authors: Kasturi B. K. , Deo Guru 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Background
Overweight and obesity are the accumulation of high body adiposity, which can have detrimental health effects and contribute to the developments of numerous non communicable diseases.

Aim
To study the psycho-physiological changes after the practice of forced right nostril breathing and selected yogasanas on obese college students.

Methods
To carry out this study, 32 female subjects aged 18–25 years of age were recruited with informed consent from Priyanka degree college, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. The design was a single group pre-post. Height and weight were recorded and the body mass index (BMI) was calculated using standard procedures and equation. The students were given the practice of forced right nostril breathing for 10 min daily four times a day and some selected yogasanas. The assessments were taken before start of intervention and at the last day after 30 days. The intervention was for 6 days per week which consists of forced right nostril breathing and some selected asanas.

Conclusions
The study exhibited that forced right nostril breathing and selected yogasanas reduces the physiological risk factors. These yogic practices are effective to overcome complications arise due to obesity and are helpful to induce positive psychological changes in obese individual.
Impact of Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field Exposure on the Candida Albicans
Authors: Malíková Ivona , Janoušek Ladislav , Fantova Vladyslava , Jíra Jaroslav , Kříha Vítĕzslav 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Effect of low frequency electromagnetic field on growth of selected microorganism is studied in the article. The diploid fungus that grows both as yeast and filamentous cell was chosen for this research. The theory of ion parametric resonance was taken as the base for studying the influence of electromagnetic field on biological structures. We tested the hypothesis, whether it is possible to observe the change in growth properties of Candida albicans with an AC electromagnetic field tuned to resonance with calcium ions cyclotron frequency.
Prospects for Use of Synchronous Reluctance Motors in Low-Power Electrical Devices
Authors: Dirba J. , Lavrinovicha L. , Dobriyan R. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This paper focuses on studying the synchronous reluctance motors as an alternative to low-power commutator motors. Analysis is done for the improved design of synchronous reluctance motor with a segmental external rotor. Relevant equations and a suitable method are proposed for calculating characteristics of the synchronous reluctance motors operating in a specific mode with electronic commutation as switched reluctance motors. It is concluded that synchronous reluctance motors in this mode can provide a wide range of characteristics and are quite competitive with commutator motors used in low-power devices.
The Application of Corporate Social Responsibility in European Agriculture
Authors: Mazur-Wierzbicka Ewa 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The aim of this article is to show that Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) can be applied in agriculture as a sustainable development tool. This paper shows the connections between CSR and the Common Agricultural Policy; opinions on socially responsible agriculture expressed by EU citizens are mentioned, and the application of the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility in agriculture is described.
Both CSR and the Common Agricultural Policy are included in the Europe 2020 Strategy. Farmers should take the CSR concept into account when running their farms, a practice that would be welcomed by European citizens. Applying Corporate Social Responsibility in agriculture would contribute to improving the image of farmers as perceived by stakeholders, as well as bringing notable economic, social and environmental benefits. This article is based on the available literature and the results of European public opinion surveys.
Magnetoresistance peculiarities and magnetization of materials with two kinds of superconducting inclusions
Authors: Shevtsova O. N. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Low-temperature properties of a crystal containing type I superconducting inclusions of two different materials have been studied. In the approximation assuming that the inclusions size is much smaller than the coherence length/penetration depth of the magnetic field, the theory of magnetoresistance of a crystal containing spherical superconducting inclusions of two different materials has been developed, and magnetization of crystals has been calculated. The obtained results can be used for correct explanation of the low temperature conductivity in binary and more complex semiconductors, in which precipitation of the superconducting phase is possible during the technological processing or under external impact.