bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La obesidad en mujeres: estrategia de diseño de productos para el bienestar físico, basados en el placer sexual
Authors: Vielma Mitzi 
Published: July 2018

La obesidad afecta a una parte importante de la sociedad chilena, particularmente a mujeres de los sectores más pobres. Sin embargo, los programas de ejercicios físicos y los aparatos para reducir el sobrepeso han resultado ineficaces debido más bien a factores culturales, que se agravan debido a problemas emocionales.
El desempeño sexual en este grupo es un factor decisivo en la convivencia de las parejas y es una causa reiterativa en los divorcios. La dificultad de dar y recibir placer debido al sobrepeso profundiza el problema y mantiene el círculo vicioso de “depresión-comida en exceso-sedentarismo-obesidad-divorcio”.
El desempeño sexual mejora sustancialmente con el fortalecimiento de la pared pelviana, pero se deben superar los factores culturales del grupo, que lo impiden; entre ellos, la búsqueda de resultados a muy corto plazo y con poco esfuerzo, como ganar la lotería o ser un futbolista exitoso. En efecto estos son algunos de los caminos más valorados para alcanzar el éxito donde, además, el fútbol es un referente cultural y símbolo sexual.
Este proyecto, de raíz etnográfica, propone un cambio en la estrategia del diseño para productos para el bienestar, a través de la emulación de una relación sexual, para que la usuaria reciba placer inmediato y se ejercite continuamente, incluso como una actividad colectiva.
Use of cumulative summation (CUSUM) as a tool for early feedback and monitoring in robot-assisted radical prostatectomy outcomes and performance
Authors: Chan Garson , Pautler Stephen E. 
Published: July 2018

Introduction: Today’s surgical practice has evolved, with increasing emphasis on quality assurance. Many forms of quality-control monitoring have been suggested, but they are often impractical or difficult to implement. Cumulative summation (CUSUM) is a simple method to provide visual feedback before significant quality issues arise. We present our initial use and practical application of CUSUM in a surgical practice.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was applied to a prospectively collected database of 577 sequential patients who have undergone robot-assisted radical prostatectomy from a single surgeon over a 10-year period. Outcome measures were analyzed with CUSUM, which included a composite complication score, continence rates, length of hospital stay, biochemical recurrence, and need for adjuvant radiation. If any outcomes were out of control, they would cross the CUSUM failure line.
Results: CUSUM chart-plotting for incontinence demonstrated an initial upward slope followed by trending to a new safety limit. Additionally, outcomes in complications and biochemical recurrence did not reach the established safety boundaries. Length of stay and radiation outcomes did initially cross the safety line, but were improved over time.
Conclusions: The use of CUSUM in clinical practice can fulfill the need for quality assurance. CUSUM plotting in our practice reflected the initial learning curve, followed by ongoing maintenance and improvement in performance. These changes were consistent with the implementation of changes in surgical techniques. Although this tool was used retrospectively, this strengthens our argument to implement the tool prospectively and assess real-time refinement of surgeon skill. We have demonstrated that CUSUM can be appropriately used to assure quality control in a surgical practice.
Patients with chronic periodontitis are more likely to develop upper urinary tract stone: a nation-wide population-based eight-year follow up study
Authors: Huang I-Shen , Huang Sung-En , Kao Wei-Tang , Chiang Cheng-Yen , Chang To , Lin Cheng-I , Lin Alex T. , Lin Chih-Chieh , Fan Yu-Hua , Chung Hsiao-Jen 
Published: July 2018

Background
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between chronic periodontitis (CP) and upper urinary tract stone (UUTS) in Taiwan by using a population-based data set.

Methods
A total of 16,292 CP patients and 48,876 randomly-selected controls without chronic periodontitis were selected from the National research database and studied retrospectively. Subjects selected have not been diagnosed with UUTS previously. These subjects were prospectively followed for at least eight years. Cox regression models were used to explore the connection between risk factors and the development of UUTS.

Results
The CP patients have a greater chance of developing UUTS compared to controls (1761/16292, 10.8% vs. 4775/48876, 9.8%, p-values < 0.001). Conditioned logistic regression suggested CP increases the risk of UUTS development (HR 1.14, 95% CI [1.08–1.20], p < 0.001). After respective adjustment for age, gender, hypertension and diabetes, results showed that CP still increases the risk of developing UUTS (HR 1.14, 95% CI [1.08–1.20], p < 0.001).

Conclusion
By using a population-based database with a minimum eight 8 follow-up of CP in Taiwan, we discovered patients with CP are more likely to develop UUTS.
Conflict resolution in socially housed Sumatran orangutans (Pongo abelii)
Authors: Kopp Kathrin S. , Liebal Katja 
Published: July 2018

BackgroundPeaceful conflict resolution strategies have been identified as effective mechanisms for minimising the potential costs of group life in many gregarious species, especially in primates. The knowledge of conflict-management in orangutans, though, is still extremely limited. Given their semi-solitary lives in the wild, there seems to be barely a need for orangutans to apply conflict management strategies other than avoidance. However, because of the rapid loss of orangutan habitat due to deforestation, opportunities to prevent conflicts by dispersion are shrinking. Additionally, more and more orangutans are brought into rehabilitation centres where they are bound to live in close contact with conspecifics. This raises the questions of whether and how orangutans are able to cope with conflicts, which are inevitably connected with group life.MethodsObservational zoo-studies provide a valuable method to investigate such potential: in zoos, orangutans usually live in permanent groups and face the challenges of group life every day. Therefore, we observed a group of six socially-housed Sumatran orangutans at the Dortmund Zoo, Germany, both in their spacious outdoor enclosure in the summer and in the less spacious indoor enclosure in the winter. During 157.5 h of observation, we collected data on aggressive interactions, third-party interventions and post-conflict affiliations. We applied the post-conflict/matched-control observation (PC/MC) and the time rule method to investigate the occurrence of reconciliation and post-conflict third-party affiliations.ResultsWe recorded a total of 114 aggressive interactions (including conflicts in the context of weaning and of male sexual coercion). As expected, we found an increase of both open conflicts and peaceful conflict resolution under less spacious conditions. In accordance with previous reports, we observed interventions by initially uninvolved individuals. Whereas we found no clear evidence for post-conflict third-party affiliations, we were able to demonstrate the occurrence of reconciliation among orangutans.DiscussionNotwithstanding the small sample size and the explorative character of our study, we found evidence that orangutans possess a potential for prosocial conflict resolution. When living in groups and under conditions in which dispersion is no longer an option, orangutans are capable to flexibly apply strategies of conflict resolution to cease open conflicts and to repair the potential social damage of aggressive interactions. These strategies are similar to those of other great apes.
Cytogenetic analyses in Trinomys (Echimyidae, Rodentia), with description of new karyotypes
Authors: Araújo Naiara Pereira , Dias Cayo Augusto Rocha , Stumpp Rodolfo , Svartman Marta 
Published: July 2018

Trinomys Thomas (1921) is a terrestrial genus of spiny rats endemic to the Brazilian areas of Atlantic Forest and the transitional areas of Cerrado and Caatinga. Although most species have been already karyotyped, the available cytogenetic information is mostly restricted to diploid and fundamental numbers. We analyzed the chromosomes of two Trinomys species: Trinomys moojeni (2n = 56, FN = 106) and Trinomys setosus setosus (2n = 56, FN = 106 and 2n = 56, FN = 108). Our analyses included GTG- and CBG-banding, silver-staining of the nucleolar organizer regions, and chromosome mapping of telomeres and 45S rDNA by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). Comparative GTG- and CBG-banding suggested that the interspecific variation may be due to rearrangements such as pericentric inversions, centromere repositioning, and heterochromatin variation. We report two new karyotypes for T. s. setosus and describe for the first time the banding patterns of the two Trinomys species.
Localized Controlled Delivery of Gemcitabine via Microsol Electrospun Fibers to Prevent Pancreatic Cancer Recurrence
Authors: Xia Guanggai , Zhang Hongbo , Cheng Ruoyu , Wang Hongcheng , Song Ziliang , Deng Lianfu , Huang Xinyu , Santos Hélder A. , Cui Wenguo 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe low radical surgery rate of pancreatic cancer leads to increased local recurrence and poor prognosis. Gemcitabine (GEM) is the preferred chemotherapeutic for pancreatic cancer. However, systemic chemotherapy with GEM has reached a bottleneck due to its serious side effects after frequent injections. In this study, GEM is successfully enwrapped into electrospun fibers via microsol electrospinning technology to form a stable core–shell fibrous structure. The GEM release rate can be adjusted by altering the thickness of the hyaluronan‐sol inner fiber and the quantity of loaded GEM, and the release can be sustained for as long as three weeks. In vitro assays show that these electrospun fibers effectively inhibit pancreatic cancer cells and promote apoptosis. In vivo studies show that the fibrous membranes are better for inhibiting the growth of residual tumors than that of integrated tumors. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry results show that GEM‐loaded fibers promote a higher cell apoptosis rate than does systemically injected GEM in residual tumors. In addition, the local delivery of GEM with fibers significantly reduces liver toxicity. In summary, a core–shell electrospun fiber for the controlled and localized delivery of GEM, which greatly improves the treatment of residual tumors and prevents pancreatic tumor recurrence, is developed.
Functional‐DNA‐Driven Dynamic Nanoconstructs for Biomolecule Capture and Drug Delivery
Authors: Kim Jinhwan , Jang Donghyun , Park Hyeongmok , Jung Sungjin , Kim Dae Heon , Kim Won Jong 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe discovery of sequence‐specific hybridization has allowed the development of DNA nanotechnology, which is divided into two categories: 1) structural DNA nanotechnology, which utilizes DNA as a biopolymer; and 2) dynamic DNA nanotechnology, which focuses on the catalytic reactions or displacement of DNA structures. Recently, numerous attempts have been made to combine DNA nanotechnologies with functional DNAs such as aptamers, DNAzymes, amplified DNA, polymer‐conjugated DNA, and DNA loaded on functional nanoparticles for various applications; thus, the new interdisciplinary research field of “functional DNA nanotechnology” is initiated. In particular, a fine‐tuned nanostructure composed of functional DNAs has shown immense potential as a programmable nanomachine by controlling DNA dynamics triggered by specific environments. Moreover, the programmability and predictability of functional DNA have enabled the use of DNA nanostructures as nanomedicines for various biomedical applications, such as cargo delivery and molecular drugs via stimuli‐mediated dynamic structural changes of functional DNAs. Here, the concepts and recent case studies of functional DNA nanotechnology and nanostructures in nanomedicine are reviewed, and future prospects of functional DNA for nanomedicine are indicated.
Solution‐Processing of High‐Purity Semiconducting Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Electronics Devices
Authors: Qiu Song , Wu Kunjie , Gao Bing , Li Liqiang , Jin Hehua , Li Qingwen 
Published: July 2018

AbstractHigh‐purity semiconducting single‐walled carbon nanotubes (s‐SWCNTs) are of paramount significance for the construction of next‐generation electronics. Until now, a number of elaborate sorting and purification techniques for s‐SWCNTs have been developed, among which solution‐based sorting methods show unique merits in the scale production, high purity, and large‐area film formation. Here, the recent progress in the solution processing of s‐SWCNTs and their application in electronic devices is systematically reviewed. First, the solution‐based sorting and purification of s‐SWCNTs are described, and particular attention is paid to the recent advance in the conjugated polymer‐based sorting strategy. Subsequently, the solution‐based deposition and morphology control of a s‐SWCNT thin film on a surface are introduced, which focus on the strategies for network formation and alignment of SWCNTs. Then, the recent advances in electronic devices based on s‐SWCNTs are reviewed with emphasis on nanoscale s‐SWCNTs' high‐performance integrated circuits and s‐SWCNT‐based thin‐film transistors (TFT) array and circuits. Lastly, the existing challenges and development trends for the s‐SWCNTs and electronic devices are briefly discussed. The aim is to provide some useful information and inspiration for the sorting and purification of s‐SWCNTs, as well as the construction of electronic devices with s‐SWCNTs.
Synthesis of Ultrathin Metallic MTe2 (M = V, Nb, Ta) Single‐Crystalline Nanoplates
Authors: Li Jia , Zhao Bei , Chen Peng , Wu Ruixia , Li Bo , Xia Qinglin , Guo Guanghua , Luo Jun , Zang Ketao , Zhang Zhengwei , Ma Huifang , Sun Guangzhuang , Duan Xidong , Duan Xiangfeng 
Published: July 2018

AbstractTwo‐dimensional materials with intrinsic magnetism have recently drawn intense interest for both the fundamental studies and potential technological applications. However, the studies to date have been largely limited to mechanically exfoliated materials. Herein, an atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition route to ultrathin group VB metal telluride MTe2 (M = V, Nb, Ta) nanoplates with thickness as thin as 3 nm is reported. It is shown that the resulting nanoplates can be systematically evolved from mostly thicker hexagonal domains to thinner triangular domains with an increasing flow rate of the carrier gas. X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy studies reveal MTe2 (M = V, Nb, Ta) nanoplates are high‐quality single crystals. High‐resolution scanning transmission electron microscope imaging reveals the VTe2 and NbTe2 nanoplates adopt the hexagonal 1T phase and the TaTe2 nanoplates show a monoclinic distorted 1T phase. Electronic transport studies show that MTe2 single crystals exhibit metallic behavior. Magnetic measurements show that VTe2 and NbTe2 exhibit ferromagnetism and TaTe2 shows paramagnetic behavior. The preparation of ultrathin few‐layered MTe2 nanoplates will open up exciting opportunities for the burgeoning field of spintronics, sensors, and magneto‐optoelectronics.
Rationally Designed Peptidyl Virus‐Like Particles Enable Targeted Delivery of Genetic Cargo
Authors: Kong Jia , Wang Yuefei , Zhang Jiaxing , Qi Wei , Su Rongxin , He Zhimin 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe report a strategy to construct peptidyl virus‐like particles (pVLPs) by mimicking the human immunodeficiency virus and simian virus 40. We designed two viral peptides with cell/nucleus‐targeting capabilities that can co‐assemble in their active conformations into well‐defined nanoparticles. The self‐assembled nanoparticles can encapsulate the DNA of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat associated proteins 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) to form biodegradable pVLPs with excellent cell‐targeting ability and biocompatibility. The pVLPs can penetrate the cellular membrane and deliver genetic cargos into the nucleus through the viral entry route. The results provide a promising pathway for engineering artificial viruses with desired functions.
Ring Opening Metathesis Polymerization of Bicyclic α,β‐Unsaturated Anhydrides for Ready‐to‐be‐grafted Polymers Having Tailored pH‐Responsive Degradability
Authors: Kim Heejin , Kim Sungwhan , Kang Sunyoung , Song Youngjun , Shin Suyong , Lee Seonju , Kang Minji , Nam So Hee , Lee Yan 
Published: July 2018

AbstractPolymers having α,β‐unsaturated anhydrides as repeating units were synthesized by ring opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). The anhydride moieties were ready‐to‐be‐grafted with amines to form acid‐labile cis‐α,β‐unsaturated acid amide linkages. The pH‐responsive reversible de‐grafting can be controlled by changing the intramolecular accessibility between acid and amide groups. The alendronate‐grafted ROMP polymers showed distinct pH‐dependent cytotoxicity according to the anhydride structures.
Biocatalytic C=C Bond Reduction through Carbon Nanodot‐Sensitized Regeneration of NADH Analogues
Authors: Kim Jinhyun , Lee Sahng Ha , Tieves Florian , Choi Da Som , Hollmann Frank , Paul Caroline E. , Park Chan Beum 
Published: July 2018

AbstractLight‐driven activation of redox enzymes is an emerging route for sustainable chemical synthesis. Among redox enzymes, the family of Old Yellow Enzyme (OYE) dependent on the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide cofactor (NADH) catalyzes the stereoselective reduction of α,β‐unsaturated hydrocarbons. Here, we report OYE‐catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation through light‐driven regeneration of NADH and its analogues (mNADHs) by N‐doped carbon nanodots (N‐CDs), a zero‐dimensional photocatalyst. Our spectroscopic and photoelectrochemical analyses verified the transfer of photo‐induced electrons from N‐CDs to an organometallic electron mediator (M) for highly regioselective regeneration of cofactors. Light triggered the reduction of NAD+ and mNAD+s with the cooperation of N‐CDs and M, and the reduction behaviors of cofactors were dependent on their own reduction peak potentials. The regenerated cofactors subsequently delivered hydrides to OYE for stereoselective conversions of a broad range of substrates with excellent biocatalytic efficiencies.
Hierarchical Self‐Assembly in Liquid‐Crystalline Block Copolymers Enabled by Chirality Transfer
Authors: Huang Shuai , Chen Yuxuan , Ma Shudeng , Yu Haifeng 
Published: July 2018

AbstractHelical topological structures are often found in chiral biological systems, but seldom in synthesized polymers. Now, controllable microphase separation of amphiphilic liquid‐crystalline block copolymers (LCBCs) consisting of hydrophilic poly(ethylene oxide) and hydrophobic azobenzene‐containing poly(methylacrylate) is combined with chirality transfer to fabricate helical nanostructures by doping with chiral additives (enantiopure tartaric acid). Through hydrogen‐bonding interactions, chirality is transferred from the dopant to the aggregation, which directs the hierarchical self‐assembly in the composite system. Upon optimized annealing condition, helical structures in film are fabricated by the induced aggregation chirality. The photoresponsive azobenzene mesogens in the LCBC assist photoregulation of the self‐assembled helical morphologies. This allows the construction and non‐contact manipulation of complicated nanostructures.
A metabolomics research based on UHPLC‐ESI‐Q‐TOF‐MS coupled with metabolic pathway analysis: Treatment effects of stir‐frying Xanthii Fructus on allergic rhinitis in mice model
Authors: Zhuang Yanshuang , Qin Kunming , Yu Beibei , Liu Xiao , Cai Baochang , Cai Hao 
Published: July 2018

AbstractXanthii Fructus (XF), a well‐known herb in traditional Chinese medicine, has been frequently used for the treatment of allergic rhinitis in the clinic. Its therapeutic metabolic mechanism, however, remains undetermined. In this work, a metabolomics research coupled with metabolic pathway analysis has been employed to screen out the potential mechanism in its effects on allergic rhinitis. Specifically, mouse serum samples containing XF were analyzed based on ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography equipped with electrospray ionization quadruple time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry detection (UHPLC‐ESI‐Q‐TOF‐MS) in both positive and negative polarity. In addition, the raw data gained from UHPLC‐ESI‐Q‐TOF‐MS were processed by principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS‐DA) in order to discover remarkable metabolites. Twenty‐seven potential biomarkers in mouse serum were filtered from free databases like HMDB. Interestingly, this study filtered the potential metabolic pathways including glycerophospholipid metabolism and branch‐chain amino acid metabolism. We hope that this paper will provide a feasible strategy for revealing the therapeutic mechanism of XF in allergic rhinitis mice model.
The prognostic value of PD‐L1 expression in upper tract urothelial carcinoma varies according to platelet count
Authors: Miyama Yu , Morikawa Teppei , Miyakawa Jimpei , Koyama Yuichi , Kawai Taketo , Kume Haruki , Fukayama Masashi 
Published: July 2018

AbstractProgrammed cell death ligand‐1 (PD‐L1) is a ligand for programmed cell death‐1 (PD‐1) that negatively regulates T‐cell activation and plays a crucial role in suppressing anti‐tumor host immunity. Although PD‐L1 is a promising immunotherapy target in various cancers, including urothelial carcinoma (UC), the prognostic significance of PD‐L1 in UC is unclear. As platelets help protect tumor cells from immune elimination in the circulatory system, we hypothesized that tumor PD‐L1 and circulating platelets might synergistically promote tumor metastasis, and that the prognostic significance of PD‐L1 might vary according to platelet count. We immunohistochemically examined tumor PD‐L1 expression in 271 patients with upper tract UC, which revealed PD‐L1 positivity in 31 of 271 cases (11%). The associations of tumor PD‐L1 expression with outcomes varied among patients with high or low platelet counts (Pinteraction < 0.004). Among patients with high platelet counts (N = 136), PD‐L1 positivity (N = 15) was significantly associated with shorter metastasis‐free survival (univariate hazard ratio [HR]: 6.23, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.95‐13.1; multivariate HR: 2.68, 95% CI: 1.27‐5.64) and shorter overall survival (univariate HR: 4.92, 95% CI: 2.14‐11.3, multivariate HR: 2.78, 95% CI: 1.19‐6.51). In contrast, among patients with low platelet counts (N = 135), PD‐L1 positivity (N = 16) was not significantly associated with these outcomes. Our results suggest that tumor PD‐L1 expression and platelet count might interact and help regulate tumor progression. Although a larger prospective study is needed to validate our findings, this relationship is important to consider, as immunotherapies targeting the PD‐1/PD‐L1 axis have gained significant attention as promising therapies for UC.
Facile CO2 Separation in Composite Membranes
Authors: Saqib Sidra , Rafiq Sikander , Chawla Muhammad , Saeed Muhammad , Muhammad Nawshad , Khurram Shahzad , Majeed Khaliq , Khan Asim Laeeq , Ghauri Moinuddin , Jamil Farrukh , Aslam Muhammad 
Published: July 2018

AbstractCO2 emission from anthropogenic sources has raised worldwide environmental concerns and hence proficient energy paradigm has tilted towards CO2 capture. Membrane technology is one of the efficient technologies for CO2 separation since it is environmentally friendly, inexpensive, and offers high surface areas. Various approaches are discussed to improve membrane performance focusing mainly on permeability and selectivity parameters. Different types of fillers are incorporated to reach the Robeson's upper bound curve. In this review, polymer‐inorganic nanocomposite membranes for the separation of CO2, CH4, and N2 from various gas mixtures are comprehensively discussed. Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) and ionic liquid (ILs) mixed‐matrix membranes are also considered.