bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stability of Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activities of Kenaf Seed Oil‐in‐Water Nanoemulsions under Different Storage Temperatures
Authors: Cheong Ai Mun , Tan Chin Ping , Nyam Kar Lin 
Published: September 2018

AbstractKenaf seed oil‐in‐water nanoemulsions (NANO) stabilized by sodium caseinate (SC), beta‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD), and Tween 20 (T20) have been optimized and shown to improve in vitro bioaccessibility and physicochemical stability in the previous study. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the stability of bioactive compounds and antioxidants in the NANO during storage at different temperatures (4 °C, 25 °C, and 40 °C). An evaluation of the antioxidant activities of each emulsifier showed that SC had good scavenging capability with 97.6% ABTS radical scavenging activity. Therefore, SC which was used as one of the main emulsifiers could further enhanced the antioxidant activity of NANO. At week 8 of storage, NANO that stored at 4 °C had maintained the best bioactive compounds stability and antioxidant activities with 90% retention of vitamin E and 65% retention of phytosterols. These results suggested that 4 °C would be the most suitable storage temperature for NANO containing naturally present vitamin E and phytosterols. From the accelerated storage results at 40 °C, NANO containing vitamin E and phytosterols had maintained half of its initial concentration until week 4 and week 2 of storage, which is equivalent to 16 weeks and 8 weeks of storage at room temperature, respectively.Practical ApplicationThe results of this study provide a better understanding on the stability of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in oil‐in‐water nanoemulsions that stabilized by similar ternary emulsifiers during storage at different temperatures. In addition, this study could be used as a predictive model to estimate the shelf life of bioactive compounds encapsulated in the form of nanoemulsions.
A genome‐wide association study suggests new evidence for an association of the NADPH Oxidase 4 (NOX4) gene with severe diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Meng Weihua , Shah Kaanan P. , Pollack Samuela , Toppila Iiro , Hebert Harry L. , McCarthy Mark I. , Groop Leif , Ahlqvist Emma , Lyssenko Valeriya , Agardh Elisabet , Daniell Mark , Kaidonis Georgia , Craig Jamie E. , Mitchell Paul , Liew Gerald , Kifley Annette , Wang Jie Jin , Christiansen Mark W. , Jensen Richard A. , Penman Alan , Hancock Heather A. , Chen Ching J. , Correa Adolfo , Kuo Jane Z. , Li Xiaohui , Chen Yii‐der I. , Rotter Jerome I. , Klein Ronald , Klein Barbara , Wong Tien Y. , Morris Andrew D. , Doney Alexander S.F. , Colhoun Helen M. , Price Alkes L. , Burdon Kathryn P. , Groop Per‐Henrik , Sandholm Niina , Grassi Michael A. , Sobrin Lucia , Palmer Colin N.A. ,   Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium 2 (WTCCC2), Surrogate markers for Micro‐ and Macro‐vascular hard endpoints for Innovative diabetes Tools (SUMMIT) study group
Published: September 2018

AbstractPurposeDiabetic retinopathy is the most common eye complication in patients with diabetes. The purpose of this study is to identify genetic factors contributing to severe diabetic retinopathy.MethodsA genome‐wide association approach was applied. In the Genetics of Diabetes Audit and Research in Tayside Scotland (GoDARTS) datasets, cases of severe diabetic retinopathy were defined as type 2 diabetic patients who were ever graded as having severe background retinopathy (Level R3) or proliferative retinopathy (Level R4) in at least one eye according to the Scottish Diabetic Retinopathy Grading Scheme or who were once treated by laser photocoagulation. Controls were diabetic individuals whose longitudinal retinopathy screening records were either normal (Level R0) or only with mild background retinopathy (Level R1) in both eyes. Significant Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) were taken forward for meta‐analysis using multiple Caucasian cohorts.ResultsFive hundred and sixty cases of type 2 diabetes with severe diabetic retinopathy and 4,106 controls were identified in the GoDARTS cohort. We revealed that rs3913535 in the NADPH Oxidase 4 (NOX4) gene reached a p value of 4.05 × 10−9. Two nearby SNPs, rs10765219 and rs11018670 also showed promising p values (p values = 7.41 × 10−8 and 1.23 × 10−8, respectively). In the meta‐analysis using multiple Caucasian cohorts (excluding GoDARTS), rs10765219 and rs11018670 showed associations for diabetic retinopathy (p = 0.003 and 0.007, respectively), while the p value of rs3913535 was not significant (p = 0.429).ConclusionThis genome‐wide association study of severe diabetic retinopathy suggests new evidence for the involvement of the NOX4 gene.
The Sjögren's syndrome-associated autoantigen Ro52/TRIM21 modulates follicular B cell homeostasis and immunoglobulin production
Authors: Brauner S , Ivanchenko M , Thorlacius G E , Ambrosi A , Wahren-Herlenius M 
Published: September 2018

Summary
Systemic rheumatic diseases are characterized by abnormal B cell activation with autoantibody production and hypergammaglobulinaemia. Ro52/SSA, also denoted tripartite motif (TRIM)21, is a major autoantigen in Sjögren's syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus. Interestingly, TRIM21-deficient mice develop systemic autoimmunity with B cell-driven manifestations such as autoantibodies, hypergammaglobulinaemia and glomerulonephritis following tissue injury. The mechanisms by which TRIM21-deficiency leads to enhanced B cell activation and antibody production are, however, not well understood, and to further elucidate the role of TRIM21 in systemic autoimmunity, we investigated the B cell phenotype and antibody responses of Trim21−/− mice following immunization with thymus-dependent (TD) and thymus-independent (TI) antigens. We found that TRIM21-deficient mice developed significantly higher specific antibody titres than their wild-type counterparts upon B cell receptor (BCR) engagement by TD and TI type II antigens, and this was accompanied by an altered B cell phenotype. Furthermore, BCR cross-linking, but not anti-CD40 stimulation, in vitro resulted in a significantly higher proliferation of Trim21−/− cells. We also observed that splenic follicular B cells were expanded not only in immunized mice but also already in young, unmanipulated Trim21−/− mice, and transcriptomic analysis of these cells revealed an up-regulation of genes associated with B cell differentiation, indicating a role for TRIM21 in their regulation. In conclusion, in this study we describe a link between the rheumatic autoantigen Ro52/TRIM21 and increased antibody production associated with follicular B cell expansion, implicating a potential role for Ro52/TRIM21 in the pathogenesis of systemic autoimmune diseases.
Autoimmunity to heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 in psoriatic patients and correlation with disease severity
Authors: Guarneri Claudio , Aguennouz Mohammed , Guarneri Fabrizio , Polito Francesca , Benvenga Salvatore , Cannavò Serafinella Patrizia 
Published: September 2018

SummaryBackground and objectivesThe heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNP‐A1) has been postulated as an autoantigen of psoriasis, but correlation between serum levels of anti‐hnRNP‐A1 autoantibodies and the severity of disease has not been investigated. We aimed to assess the frequency of anti‐hnRNP‐A1 autoimmunity in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis and in healthy controls, and to determine the correlation between serum levels of anti‐hnRNP‐A1 autoantibodies and disease severity.Patients and methodsWe performed a case‐control study on 40 adult psoriatic patients with a PASI (Psoriasis Area and Severity Index) of > 10 and 40 healthy controls matched for age and gender. Immunoblotting was used to assess serum levels of anti‐hnRNP‐A1 autoantibodies.ResultsAnti‐hnRNP‐A1 autoantibodies were found in 9/40 psoriatic patients (22.5 %) but in no healthy controls. The PASI was significantly higher in anti‐hnRNP‐A1‐positive patients than in anti‐hnRNP‐A1‐negative patients (40.33 ± 3.24 vs 26.06 ± 9.28, p = 0.0001). In patients positive for anti‐hnRNP‐A1, serum levels of such autoanti­bodies were correlated with the PASI (R = 0.89, p = 0.001).ConclusionsConsistent with reports in the literature, our results suggest a role of anti‐hnRNP‐A1 autoimmunity in psoriasis, although probably not as the primary cause or initial/fundamental event. Unlike previously published reports, our results also suggest that anti‐hnRNP‐A1 autoimmunity is particularly frequent among psoriatic patients with more severe disease. Further studies are necessary with a larger number of patients.
Adjuvante Behandlung des schweren/refraktären bullösen Pemphigoids mit Protein‐A‐Immunadsorption
Authors: Hübner Franziska , Kasperkiewicz Michael , Knuth‐Rehr Diana , Shimanovich Iakov , Hübner Joachim , Süfke Sven , Muck Philip , Zillikens Detlef , Schmidt Enno 
Published: September 2018

ZusammenfassungHintergrundMittels Immunadsorption (IA) können Immunglobuline und Immunkomplexe aus dem Plasma entfernt werden. Während dieses therapeutische Verfahren beim Pemphigus vulgaris bereits etabliert ist, wird es bei anderen blasenbildenden Autoimmundermatosen bislang nur sporadisch eingesetzt. Das bullöse Pemphigoid (BP) spricht zwar meist gut auf eine Therapie mit topischen und systemischen Kortikosteroiden an, jedoch könnte bei Patienten mit ausgedehnten Läsionen oder bei einem Rezidiv die rasche Reduktion der pathogenen Autoantikörper eine effektive adjuvante Therapie darstellen.Patienten und MethodikFallserie mit 20 Patienten (13 Frauen, 7 Männer; mittleres Alter 78,6 Jahre; 56–94 Jahre) mit schwerem oder refraktärem BP, die zusätzlich zur Basistherapie bestehend aus Prednisolon (0,25–0,5 mg/kg/d), Dapson (1,0–1,5 mg/kg/d) und Clobetasolpropionat 0,05 % Salbe (läsional 2 x/d) mit Protein‐A‐IA (3 IAs an aufeinander folgenden Tagen) behandelt wurden. Die durchschnittliche Nachbeobachtungszeit betrug 33,6 Monate (1–84 Monate).ErgebnisseBei der Mehrzahl der Patienten zeigte sich ein rascher und langandauernder Therapieeffekt. Nach einem Monat befanden sich acht Patienten (von 19 nachbeobachteten, 42 %) und zum Zeitpunkt des letzten Kontakts (nach 1–84 Monaten) 13 Patienten (68 %) in kompletter Remission. Die Anti‐BP180‐Autoantikörper wurden nicht nur initial (um 92 %) gesenkt, sondern lagen auch nach ein und drei Monaten im Mittel bei 26 % und 13 % des Wertes vor Therapiebeginn (p < 0,001). Bei Differenzierung in vortherapierte bzw. therapienaive Patienten zeigten sich in beiden Subgruppen signifikante Absenkungen der Anti‐BP180NC16A‐Antikörper‐Spiegel zu allen Zeitpunkten. Unerwünschte Ereignisse traten bei dreizehn (65 %) der 20 Patienten auf, Drei der Ereignisse waren schwer und zwei davon wahrscheinlich oder möglicherweise in Zusammenhang mit der IA.SchlussfolgerungenDie IA ist eine effektive adjuvante Therapieoption bei den in aller Regel älteren Patienten mit einem schweren und/oder therapierefraktären BP.
Influence of larval density and dietary nutrient concentration on performance, body protein, and fat contents of black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens)
Authors: Barragan‐Fonseca Karol B. , Dicke Marcel , van Loon Joop J.A. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPerformance and body composition of insect larvae depend on quality and quantity of their diet, and on biotic factors such as larval density. We investigated the effect of dietary nutrient concentration and larval rearing density on survival, development, growth, and protein and fat contents of larvae of the black soldier fly (BSF), Hermetia illucens L. (Diptera: Stratiomyidae). Neonate larvae were fed with a low (NC1), intermediate (NC2), or high nutrient concentration (NC3), and with four rearing densities (50, 100, 200, or 400 larvae per container). Two feeding regimes (FR) were tested: in FR1, the amount of diet added during the experiment was based on the visually estimated larval mass present, whereas in FR2, a fixed feeding ration of 0.6 g of food per larva was applied at the start. FR1 resulted in food limitation, resulting in significantly lower body crude protein content on diet NC1 than on NC2 at larval densities 100 and 200. Larval crude fat content was higher on diets with higher nutrient concentration and at lower larval densities. For FR2, development time was shorter on diets with higher nutrient concentration and at lower larval densities. Individual larval weight and total larval yield increased with higher nutrient concentration at all four larval densities. At lower nutrient concentration, higher larval density resulted in higher individual larval weight and total larval yield, revealing an interaction between larval density and dietary quality. Larval crude protein content was higher at lower densities and lower nutrient concentration. Larval crude fat was higher at higher larval densities and nutrient concentrations. This study indicates that larval protein content is regulated within narrow limits, whereas larval crude fat content is strongly affected by nutrient concentration and by larval density.
Successful pregnancies in patients with BCR‐ABL‐positive leukemias treated with interferon‐alpha therapy during the tyrosine kinase inhibitors era
Authors: Balsat Marie , Etienne Madeleine , Elhamri Mohamed , Hayette Sandrine , Salles Gilles , Thomas Xavier 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundManagement of pregnant patients with BCR‐ABL‐positive leukemia is challenging. Managing a patient who has been diagnosed while pregnant requires a different approach as compared to a patient who plans to become pregnant while on the treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). Interferon (IFN)‐alpha is a useful option in both situations due to teratogenic potential of TKIs.MethodsWe presented a series of 12 successful pregnancies in 11 women with BCR‐ABL‐positive leukemia, whose leukemia was managed with IFN‐alpha throughout their pregnancy.ResultsAll children have normal growth and development. All patients remained at least in hematological response and could start or resume TKI after delivery or breastfeeding.ConclusionBecause of the increased risk of teratogenicity and spontaneous abortion in female patient with pregnancy, when receiving TKI, IFN‐alpha can be considered a safe drug to be administered throughout pregnancy and could represent the drug of choice in this situation during the era of TKI therapy.
Reliability and validity of patient‐reported outcome instruments in US adults with hemophilia B and caregivers in the B‐HERO‐S study
Authors: Buckner Tyler W. , Sidonio Robert , Guelcher Christine , Kessler Craig M. , Witkop Michelle , Clark David , Owens Wendy , Fridman Moshe , Iyer Neeraj N. , Cooper David L. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the reliability and validity of six patient‐reported outcomes (PRO) instruments for evaluating health‐related quality of life in adults with mild‐severe hemophilia B and caregivers of children with hemophilia B, including affected women/girls.MethodsAdults with hemophilia B and caregivers completed separate online surveys containing several PRO instruments, which were administered to adult participants only (EQ‐5D‐5L, Brief Pain Inventory v2 Short Form, Hemophilia Activities List, and International Physical Activities Questionnaire), both adults and caregivers (Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ‐9]), or caregivers only (Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7‐Item [GAD‐7] scale). Construct validity and item‐total correlation were assessed using Pearson product‐moment correlation, internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, and known‐group validity was assessed by comparisons to self‐reported characteristics based on the Kruskal‐Wallis test.ResultsPatient‐reported outcomes instruments generally showed satisfactory reliability for adults (n = 299) and caregivers (n = 150). In adults, PRO instruments generally showed high construct validity. Most PRO instruments showed expected significant differences among known groups for adults and caregivers. PHQ‐9 and GAD‐7 did not show significant differences among caregiver age groups.ConclusionsPatient‐reported outcomes instruments administered in B‐HERO‐S demonstrated reliability and validity in the broader population of adults with hemophilia B and caregivers when including all severities and genders.
Tooth formation and eruption – lessons learnt from cleidocranial dysplasia
Authors: Kreiborg Sven , Jensen B. L. 
Published: September 2018

The principles of formation, renewal, and eruption of teeth are discussed. Numerous genetic aberrations may affect the formation and eruption of teeth. Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD), caused by mutations in the runt‐related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) gene, is such a condition. The dental phenotype includes problems in both tooth formation (multiple supernumerary permanent teeth) and tooth eruption (lack of shedding of primary teeth and delayed or arrested eruption of permanent teeth). Clinical studies, animal models, and molecular biology studies have documented that RUNX2 is of paramount importance for osteoblast differentiation, for regression of the dental lamina, and for osteoclastogenesis in the dental follicle and the periodontal ligament. Jensen & Kreiborg, 25 yr ago, proposed a treatment strategy to be applied to patients with CCD, focussing on the importance of early treatment to promote spontaneous eruption of permanent teeth through extraction of primary teeth, surgical removal of supernumerary teeth, and removal of bone covering the first formed permanent teeth at the time when root formation of the permanent teeth has reached half or two‐thirds of their final length. This strategy still seems valid and seems to lead to reduction in the burden of care for patients compared with the treatment protocols otherwise recommended.
Peri‐implant diseases
Authors: Klinge Björn , Klinge Anna , Bertl Kristina , Stavropoulos Andreas 
Published: September 2018

When celebrating 100 yr of dental research in the Nordic dental research community (i.e. Nordisk Odontologisk Förening (NOF)), it is relevant to include dental implant treatment. In essence, the successful progress of implant treatment has added both to the quality of life for patients and also to many aspects of professional development and job satisfaction for dentists. When appreciating the success story it also seems relevant to highlight some of the problems related to this treatment. Both technical and biological complications have often been ignored when reporting long‐term results following implant treatment. Different opinions have been expressed in relation to the etiology of peri‐implant diseases. Some even choose to ignore this condition as a clinical problem. This article presents a short overview of peri‐implant diseases (i.e. peri‐implant mucositis and peri‐implantitis). The lack of internationally agreed disease definitions for peri‐implant diseases, as with periodontitis, results in wide variation of estimates for the occurrence of peri‐implant diseases when epidemiological data are reported. The profession still strives to find and define the best way to deal with peri‐implant diseases once they are accurately diagnosed. Awareness of the tissue conditions in the peri‐implant area, and relevant action when indicated, seems to be critical for the continued long‐term successful outcome of dental implant treatment.
The insect HR38 nuclear receptor, a member of the NR4A subfamily, is a synchronizer of reproductive activity in a moth
Authors: Gassias Edmundo , Durand Nicolas , Demondion Elodie , Bourgeois Thomas , Bozzolan Françoise , Debernard Stéphane 
Published: September 2018

In the male moth, Agrotis ipsilon, the behavioural response and neuron sensitivity within the olfactory centres, the antennal lobes (ALs), to female sex pheromone increase with age, in correlation with the maturation of sex accessory glands (SAGs). By contrast, newly mated males cease to be attracted to sex pheromone and remate when their SAGs are refilled during the next night. The insect hormone receptor 38 (HR38), an ortholog of the vertebrate NR4A receptors, is a component of ecdysteroid signalling pathway which controls adult male physiology and behaviour. Here, we cloned the A. ipsilon HR38 (AiHR38) and explored its function in the coordination of reproductive events in the male. AiHR38 was detected in SAGs and ALs, and where its amount raised with age, in parallel with SAG protein content and sex pheromone responsiveness. By contrast, the AL and SAG AiHR38 expressions declined at 0–2 h after mating, in linking with depletion of SAG protein reserves and loss of sensitivity to sex pheromone. The increased AL and SAG AiHR38 expressions at 20–24 h postmating coincided with replenishing of SAGs and recovery of sensitivity to sex pheromone for a new mating. Moreover, AiHR38 knockdown resulted in reduction in SAG protein amount and disruption of sex pheromone‐orientated flight. These results show that the insect HR38 is essential both for SAG activity, probably by controlling the protein synthesis, and display of male sexual behaviour, and that the concomitant regulation of its expression within SAGs and olfactory centres contributes to synchronisation between fertility and sexual activity.DatabaseThe nucleotide sequence of Agrotis ipsilon HR38 is available in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases under the accession number MF402845.
Benefit of the doubt approach to assessing the research performance of Australian universities
Authors: Szuwarzyński Andrzej 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis paper proposes a benefit of the doubt (BoD) approach to assess the research performance of 37 public Australian universities based on data from 2015. The primary activities of Higher Education institutions are teaching and research, but the prestige of a university depends mainly on the results of its research activities. The BoD method is rooted in the data envelopment analysis methodology, which enables the flexible and data‐based assignment of weights to aggregated variables. Full weighting flexibility, however, allows zero weights, which can lead to unrealistic results. For this reason, the proposed model has been supplemented with additional weight restrictions. The assessment considers key performance factors: number of publications and citations; number of completed doctoral degrees; amount of research grants; and percentage of science graduates. Unlike earlier research on Australian universities, this study uses the number of publications and citations from the Web of Science database. The results provide a ranking of universities and recommendations for decision makers regarding the direction of future improvement actions for the worst‐performing universities.