bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transient Resistive Switching Memory of CsPbBr3 Thin Films
Authors: Lin Qiqi , Hu Wei , Zang Zhigang , Zhou Miao , Du Juan , Wang Ming , Han Shuai , Tang Xiaosheng 
Published: March 2018

AbstractRecently, transient electronic devices play an indispensable role in modern disposable electronics and create potential application fields that cannot be addressed with conventional electronic devices or systems. However, the choice of transient materials has some limitations. It is therefore of great significance to explore transient electrodes, materials, and substrates that can undergo rapid and complete degradation on demand. In this work, the CsPbBr3 thin films as the switching layer are utilized to implement transient memory devices with a flexible Ag/CsPbBr3/PEDOT:PSS/ITO structure. This flexible nonvolatile memory device exhibits reproducible resistive switching performance, uniform switching voltages, concentrated distributions of high and low resistance states, and good mechanical stability over 50 bending times. The elemental mapping images of the memory device reveal that the resistive switching mechanism is interpreted through electrochemical formation/dissolution of metallic Ag filaments in CsPbBr3 layer. More importantly, it is demonstrated that the CsPbBr3 films and memory device can be dissolved rapidly in deionized water within 60 s, showing the transient characteristics. In addition, the optical and electrical properties disappear completely after the device dissolved in deionized water. This work demonstrates that the all‐inorganic perovskite CsPbBr3‐based transient memory devices have great potential for applications in secure data storage systems and disposable electronics.
The Scale‐up and Commercialization of Nonaqueous Na‐Ion Battery Technologies
Authors: Bauer Alexander , Song Jie , Vail Sean , Pan Wei , Barker Jerry , Lu Yuhao 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis report provides an overview of development activities that enable the scale‐up and thereby a pathway toward the commercialization of sodium‐ion battery technologies for the energy storage market. The electrochemical performance of active materials and full cell performance of batteries developed by two startup companies, Novasis Energies, Inc. and Faradion Limited, are discussed in detail. Both companies offer low‐cost sodium‐ion battery chemistries with uniquely developed active materials that afford high rate capability and cycling stability. Their technologies are highly scalable due to the implementation of abundant and predominantly nontoxic elements and the ability to utilize common battery fabrication and manufacturing equipment. Both companies utilize active materials that are cost competitive compared to low‐cost lithium‐ion battery materials while exhibiting very similar specific capacity. In addition, improved safety characteristics with respect to operation and transportation distinguish the described sodium‐ion batteries from their incumbent lithium‐ion counterparts. The featured technology is particularly attractive for large‐scale energy storage applications.
High Power Magnetic Field Energy Harvesting through Amplified Magneto‐Mechanical Vibration
Authors: Kang Min Gyu , Sriramdas Rammohan , Lee Hyeon , Chun Jinsung , Maurya Deepam , Hwang Geon Tae , Ryu Jungho , Priya Shashank 
Published: March 2018

AbstractInternet of Things (IoT) is driving the development of new generation of sensors, communication components, and power sources. Ideally, IoT sensors and communication components are expected to be powered by sustainable energy source freely available in the environment. Here, a breakthrough in this direction is provided by demonstrating high output power energy harvesting from very low amplitude stray magnetic fields, which exist everywhere, through magnetoelectric (ME) coupled magneto‐mechano‐electric (MME) energy conversion. ME coupled MME harvester comprised of multiple layers of amorphous magnetostrictive material, piezoelectric macrofiber composite, and magnetic tip mass, interacts with an external magnetic field to generate electrical energy. Comprehensive experimental investigation and a theoretical model reveal that both the magnetic torque generated through magnetic loading and amplification of magneto‐mechanical vibration by ME coupling contributes toward the generation of high electrical power from the stray magnetic field around power cables of common home appliances. The generated electrical power from the harvester is sufficient for operating microsensors (gyro, temperature, and humidity sensing) and wireless data transmission systems. These results will facilitate the deployment of IoT devices in emerging intelligent infrastructures.
A Flexible and Ultrahigh Energy Density Capacitor via Enhancing Surface/Interface of Carbon Cloth Supported Colloids
Authors: Liang Xitong , Chen Kunfeng , Xue Dongfeng 
Published: March 2018

AbstractPseudocapacitors are now reaching the energy density limits set by the surface redox reaction of their electrode materials, requiring new cation paradigms for a fast cation Faradaic reaction with high capacitance. In this work, a flexible and ultrahigh energy density capacitor is reported via enhancing surface/interface of active colloids and supported carbon cloth. A flexible asymmetrical capacitor assembled with Ni2+ colloidal cathode and Fe3+ colloidal anode displays a high energy density of 353 W h kg−1 at the power density of 2250 W kg−1, outperforming recent reported pseudocapacitors, and shows superior cycling stability after 10 000 charge–discharge cycles at current density of 30 A g−1. This work demonstrates that the optimized surface/interface of carbon cloth and colloids can lead to the enhancement of both stability and activity of colloidal electrode.
Fused‐Ring Electron Acceptor ITIC‐Th: A Novel Stabilizer for Halide Perovskite Precursor Solution
Authors: Qin Minchao , Cao Jie , Zhang Tiankai , Mai Jiangquan , Lau Tsz‐Ki , Zhou Shu , Zhou Yang , Wang Jiayu , Hsu Yao‐Jane , Zhao Ni , Xu Jianbin , Zhan Xiaowei , Lu Xinhui 
Published: March 2018

AbstractSolution‐processed perovskite solar cells have great potential for low‐cost roll‐to‐roll fabrication. However, the degradation of aged precursor solutions will become a critical obstacle to mass production. In this report, a small molecule (ITIC‐Th) is employed to stabilize the perovskite precursor solution containing mixed cations and halides. It is found that ITIC‐Th can effectively suppress the formation of yellow δ‐phase in the films made from aged precursor solutions. Consequently, the devices fabricated from the aged precursor solution with ITIC‐Th experience much less efficiency drop with the increase of the precursor aging time—from 19.20% (fresh) to 16.55% (39 d), compared with the devices made from conventional precursor solutions dropping from 18.07% (fresh) to 1.76% (39 d). The characterizations suggest that ITIC‐Th is beneficial for CH3NH3+ cations to be incorporated into the crystal structure, facilitating the formation of perovskite phase. Furthermore, the presence of ITIC‐Th in the perovskite thin film gives rise to additional photocurrent as well as improved fill factor due to the well‐matched energy levels, the passivation of defects, and the complementary absorption spectra, suggesting a new route toward future high‐efficiency solar cells—incorporating organic non‐fullerene acceptors and halide perovskite materials into the same active layer.
Fe2O3 Nanoparticle Seed Catalysts Enhance Cyclability on Deep (Dis)charge in Aprotic LiO2 Batteries
Authors: Li Zhaolong , Ganapathy Swapna , Xu Yaolin , Zhu Quanyao , Chen Wen , Kochetkov Ivan , George Chandramohan , Nazar Linda F. , Wagemaker Marnix 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAlthough the high energy density of LiO2 chemistry is promising for vehicle electrification, the poor stability and parasitic reactions associated with carbon‐based cathodes and the insulating nature of discharge products limit their rechargeability and energy density. In this study, a cathode material consisting of α‐Fe2O3 nanoseeds and carbon nanotubes (CNT) is presented, which achieves excellent cycling stability on deep (dis)charge with high capacity. The initial capacity of Fe2O3/CNT electrode reaches 805 mA h g−1 (0.7 mA h cm−2) at 0.2 mA cm−2, while maintaining a capacity of 1098 mA h g−1 (0.95 mA h cm−2) after 50 cycles. The operando structural, spectroscopic, and morphological analysis on the evolution of Li2O2 indicates preferential Li2O2 growth on the Fe2O3. The similar d‐spacing of the (100) Li2O2 and (104) Fe2O3 planes suggest that the latter epitaxially induces Li2O2 nucleation. This results in larger Li2O2 primary crystallites and smaller secondary particles compared to that deposited on CNT, which enhances the reversibility of the Li2O2 formation and leads to more stable interfaces within the electrode. The mechanistic insights into dual‐functional materials that act both as stable host substrates and promote redox reactions in LiO2 batteries represent new opportunities for optimizing the discharge product morphology, leading to high cycling stability and coulombic efficiency.
Sodium Vanadium Fluorophosphates (NVOPF) Array Cathode Designed for High‐Rate Full Sodium Ion Storage Device
Authors: Chao Dongliang , Lai Chun‐Han (Matt) , Liang Pei , Wei Qiulong , Wang Yue‐Sheng , Zhu Changrong (Rose) , Deng Gang , Doan‐Nguyen Vicky V. T. , Lin Jianyi , Mai Liqiang , Fan Hong Jin , Dunn Bruce , Shen Ze Xiang 
Published: March 2018

Abstract3D batteries continue to be of widespread interest for flexible energy storage where the 3D nanostructured cathode is the key component to achieve both high energy and power densities. While current work on flexible cathodes tends to emphasize the use of flexible scaffolds such as graphene and/or carbon nanotubes, this approach is often limited by poor electrical contact and structural stability. This communication presents a novel synthetic approach to form 3D array cathode for the first time, the single‐crystalline Na3(VO)2(PO4)2F (NVOPF) by using VO2 array as a seed layer. The NVOPF cathode exhibits both high‐rate capability (charge/discharge in 60 s) and long‐term durability (10,000 cycles at 50 C) for Na ion storage. Utilizing in situ X‐ray diffraction and first principles calculations, the high‐rate properties are correlated with the small volume change, 2D fast ion transport, and the array morphology. A novel all‐array flexible Na+ hybrid energy storage device based on pairing the intercalation‐type NVOPF array cathode with a cogenetic pseudocapacitive VO2 nanosheet array anode is demonstrated.
Highly Reversible Na Storage in Na3V2(PO4)3 by Optimizing Nanostructure and Rational Surface Engineering
Authors: Jiang Yu , Zhou Xuefeng , Li Dongjun , Cheng Xiaolong , Liu Fanfan , Yu Yan 
Published: March 2018

AbstractSodium‐ion batteries (NIBs) have attracted more and more attention as economic alternatives for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). Sodium super ionic conductor (NASICON) structure materials, known for high conductivity and chemical diffusion coefficient of Na+ (≈10−14 cm2 s−1), are promising electrode materials for NIBs. However, NASICON structure materials often suffer from low electrical conductivity (<10−4 S cm−1), which hinders their electrochemical performance. Here high performance sodium storage performance in Na3V2(PO4)3 (NVP) is realized by optimizing nanostructure and rational surface engineering. A N, B codoped carbon coated three‐dimensional (3D) flower‐like Na3V2(PO4)3 composite (NVP@C‐BN) is designed to enable fast ions/electrons transport, high‐surface controlled energy storage, long‐term structural integrity, and high‐rate cycling. The conductive 3D interconnected porous structure of NVP@C‐BN greatly releases mechanical stress from Na+ extraction/insertion. In addition, extrinsic defects and active sites introduced by the codoping heteroatoms (N, B) both enhance Na+ and e− diffusion. The NVP@C‐BN displays excellent electrochemical performance as the cathode, delivering reversible capacity of 70% theoretical capacity at 100 C after 2000 cycles. When used as anode, the NVP@C‐BN also shows super long cycle life (38 mA h g−1 at 20 C after 5000 cycles). The design provides a novel approach to open up possibilities for designing high‐power NIBs.
Employer knowledge of federal requirements for recording work‐related injuries and illnesses: Implications for occupational injury surveillance data
Authors: Wuellner Sara , Phipps Polly 
Published: March 2018

BackgroundAccuracy of the Bureau of Labor Statistics Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses (SOII) data is dependent on employer compliance with workplace injury and illness recordkeeping requirements. Characterization of employer recordkeeping can inform efforts to improve the data.MethodsWe interviewed representative samples of SOII respondents from four states to identify common recordkeeping errors and to assess employer characteristics associated with limited knowledge of the recordkeeping requirements and non compliant practices.ResultsLess than half of the establishments required to maintain OSHA injury and illness records reported doing so. Few establishments knew to omit cases limited to diagnostic services (22%) and to count unscheduled weekend days as missed work (27%). No single state or establishment characteristic was consistently associated with better or worse record‐keeping.ConclusionMany employers possess a limited understanding of workplace injury recordkeeping requirements, potentially leading them to over‐report minor incidents, and under‐report missed work cases.
Ein Monoarylbleitrichlorid, das der reduktiven Eliminierung trotzt
Authors: Olaru Marian , Kather Ralf , Hupf Emanuel , Lork Enno , Mebs Stefan , Beckmann Jens 
Published: March 2018

AbstractDie Transmetallierung von Pb(OAc)4mit R2Hg (1), gefolgt von der Umsetzung mit HCl in Et2O, lieferte RPbCl3(2), das erste kinetisch stabilisierte Monoorganobleitrihalogenid, das einer reduktiven Eliminierung unter Umgebungsbedingungen trotzt. Die kinetische Stabilisierung beruht auf einem intramolekular koordinierenden O‐Donor‐Substituenten (R=6‐Ph2P(O)‐Ace‐5‐). Die Herstellung von2im Grammmaßstab war der Schlüssel zur Synthese von unsymmetrisch substituierten Diarylbleidichloriden RR′PbCl2(3 a, R′=Ph;3 b, R′=4‐MeOC6H4;3 c, R′=4‐Me2NC6H4).
Molekulare Samariumpolystibide aus aktiviertem Antimon
Authors: Schoo Christoph , Bestgen Sebastian , Egeberg Alexander , Klementyeva Svetlana , Feldmann Claus , Konchenko Sergey N. , Roesky Peter W. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractZintl‐Ionen in molekularen Verbindungen sind sowohl für die Grundlagenforschung als auch für die Anwendung von besonderem Interesse. Hier wird über zwei reaktive Antimonquellen berichtet, aus denen zum ersten Mal molekulare Polystibide direkt erhalten werden konnten. Sowohl Sb‐Amalgam (Hg/Sb) als auch Sb‐Nanopartikel [d=(6.6±0.8) nm] wurden unabhängig voneinander zur Herstellung des bisher größten f‐Element‐Polystibids [(Cp*2Sm)4Sb8] eingesetzt. Während die Reaktion der Nanopartikel mit [Cp*2Sm] direkt zu [(Cp*2Sm)4Sb8] führte, konnten Sm/Sb/Hg‐Zwischenprodukte bei Verwendung des Amalgams isoliert werden. Die Sm/Sb/Hg‐Zwischenprodukte [{(Cp*2Sm)2Sb}2(μ‐Hg)] und [{(Cp*2Sm)3(μ4,η1:2:2:2‐Sb4)}2Hg] wurden strukturell charakterisiert und geben Einblicke in den Bildungsmechanismus von Polystibidverbindungen.
Exponential Mean‐Square Stability of Stochastic String Hybrid Systems Under Continuous Non‐Gaussian Excitation
Authors: Socha Lesław 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe problem of the exponential mean‐square stability for nonlinear stochastic string hybrid system under parametric (multiplicative) Gaussian and external (additive) continuous non‐Gaussian excitations is considered. The string hybrid system is treated as an infinite‐dimensional family of strings (subsystems) with a switching rule that has the form of a right continuous Markov chain. It is described by infinite‐dimension Ito stochastic differential equations. The excitations are assumed to be parametric Gaussian white noises and the continuous non‐Gaussian processes modeled by polynomials of a Gaussian process. The nonlinear strings under external continuous non‐Gaussian excitation are transformed to extended dimensional nonlinear strings with a special structure under a parametric Gaussian excitation. Using the methodology of the stability analysis of nonlinear hybrid systems with Markovian switchings the sufficient conditions of the exponential mean‐square stability of nonlinear stochastic string systems under parametric Gaussian and external continuous non‐Gaussian excitation with a Markovian switching are derived. The detailed calculations are given for linear systems.
Eigenstructure Assignment for Linear Descriptor Systems Via Output Feedback
Authors: Zhang Biao 
Published: March 2018

AbstractParametric approaches for eigenstructure assignment in linear descriptor systems via output feedback are proposed. General parametric expressions for both the left and right closed‐loop finite and infinite eigenvectors and the output feedback gain matrix are established in terms of certain parameter vectors. The approaches do not impose any restriction on the finite closed‐loop eigenvalues, assign the whole sets of the left and right closed‐loop finite and infinite eigenvectors, and need less computational work.
Asch conformity experiment using immersive virtual reality
Authors: Kyrlitsias Christos , Michael‐Grigoriou Despina 
Published: March 2018

AbstractVirtual reality is used in fields of cognitive sciences to study the participants' behavior. In such cases, existence of other digital humanoid representations in the virtual environment is a crucial factor. Conformity—the act of matching attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors to fit with the majority—is one of the most powerful aspects of social influence. In this study, we investigated conformity to virtual humans in an immersive virtual environment, using two experiments. In the first experiment, we investigated whether agents have social influence on the participants by conducting the 1951 Asch conformity experiment. Findings demonstrate that the participants' response times were affected by the judgments of the agents in the virtual environment. In the second experiment, we used a similar method to study how the factors “agency” and “behavioral real ism” affect social conformity. “Agency” is the extent of a user's belief that other humanoid representations represent real people. “Behavioral realism” is the degree to which humanoid representations behave as they would do in the real world. The results of the experiment showed that conformity can be caused by virtual humans in immersive virtual environments. However, there are no significant results regarding the influence of “agency” and “behavioral realism” on conformity.
A Trauma‐Informed Care Approach to Supporting Foster Youth in Community College
Authors: Hallett Ronald E. , Westland Melinda A. , Mo Elaine 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis chapter describes the ways that the trauma of childhood frames the academic, social, and personal lives of many foster youth as they navigate higher education. In particular, we focus on the role of homelessness, social network fragmentation, and abuse and neglect.
Etomidate in the control of severe Cushing's syndrome by neuroendocrine carcinoma
Authors: Reza‐Albarrán Alfredo Adolfo , Andino Ríos Gerson Geovany , Gómez Herrera Laura Gabriela 
Published: March 2018

Key Clinical MessageEtomidate is a very effective drug in severe Cushing's syndrome that is refractory to ketoconazol. Control of the serum cortisol levels in ectopic Cushing's syndrome can be obtained with infusion rates much lower than those used in anesthesia, without respiratory side effects.
Peculiarities and management challenges of advanced renal cell carcinoma incidentally discovered in pregnancy
Authors: David Rotimi A. , Idowu Boluwatife , Akindiose Cathlyn , Laoye Adeyinka , Aluko John A. , Omisore Adeleye D. , Alajiki Emmanuel , Komolafe Akinwumi O. , Salako Abdulkadir A. , Onwudiegwu Uchenna 
Published: March 2018

Key Clinical MessageOur aim is that urologists, gynecologists, nephrologists, and general practitioners will be reminded that diagnosis of renal malignancies sometimes require a high index of suspicion as they may remain asymptomatic in advanced stages; even as they can also rarely co‐exist with and cause peculiar challenges in pregnancy.
Redox‐Active Copper‐Benzotriazole Stacked Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Gurusamy Tamilselvi , Gayathri Prakasam , Mandal Sudip , Ramanujam Kothandaraman 
Published: March 2018

AbstractA copper‐benzotriazole metal‐organic framework (MOF) was assembled on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs@BTAH‐Cu2+) by π‐π interaction, and the composite was used to catalyze the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in pH 7, 11, and 13. This electrode catalyzes the ORR through a surface‐confined redox‐mediated process of the Cu2+/Cu+ redox couple. BTAH adsorbed on MWCNTs, benzimidazole‐Cu2+ system adsorbed on MWCNTs, and pristine MWCNTs were used as reference systems to illustrate the importance of the Cu2+/Cu+ redox couple and BTAH for ORR. ORR kinetics was characterized using the Koutecky‐Levich analysis, rotating ring‐disk electrode studies, and the Tafel analysis. From this analysis, the number of electrons transferred per O2, exchange current density, and Tafel slopes were estimated. The cyclic voltammetry studies performed for GCE/MWCNTs@BTAH‐Cu2+ before and after chronoamperometry studies (for 10 h) in the respective O2‐saturated electrolyte solution, indicate complete stability of the adsorbed BTAH‐Cu2+ in pH 7 and 11. The surface excess values calculated from the cyclic voltammogram of MWCNTs@BTAH‐Cu2+ were used for estimating the turnover frequency pertaining to 2‐electron and 4‐electron ORR. Based on these studies, pH 11 was identified as the optimum pH for carrying out ORR using MWCNTs@BTAH‐Cu2+.
Flexible and Tailorable Alkylviologen/Cellulose Nanocrystals Composite Films for Sustainable Applications in Electrochromic Devices
Authors: Su Yun , Yang Fei , Zhou Lijuan , Geng Yong , Zhang Jianming , Jiang Min 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe new, sustainable, and pro‐environmental electrochromic devices (ECDs) have attracted tremendous attention due to the current issues regarding energy sources consumption and environmental pollution. A free‐standing composite film, consisting of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) as biological matrix, viologen, and KCl, was prepared by a casting method. Such a composite film is flexible and can be tailored into various shapes for patterned applications. The viologen/KCl/CNCs film was sandwiched between two indium‐tin oxide (ITO) glasses to construct viologen‐based ECDs. The performance of the viologen‐based ECDs did not depend on the organic solvent. ECDs based on four kinds of viologens with different substituent groups exhibited distinct coloration response. Besides the nature of the substituent groups attached to the bipyridine rings, the presence of CNCs is a crucial factor that affects the electrochromic performance of ECDs. The dimethyl‐substituted viologen ECD has a fast response time (10 s for bleaching and 7.3 s for coloring). And for the dibenzyl‐substituted viologen, a low voltage of −2.2 V can drive the coloration of its ECDs. The diethyl‐substituted viologen ECD exhibits 30 % transmittance variation and good coloring/bleaching stability. The ability to be tailored and degradability of the composite film provides a feasible strategy for the sustainability of electrochromic displays.