bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi-frequency Scatter-broadening Evolution of Pulsars. II. Scatter-broadening of Nearby Pulsars
Authors: Krishnakumar M. A. , Maan Yogesh , Joshi B. C. , Manoharan P. K. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We present multi-frequency scatter-broadening evolution of 29 pulsars observed with the LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR) and Long Wavelength Array (LWA). We conducted new observations using LOFAR Low Band Antennae as well as utilized the archival data from LOFAR and LWA. This study has increased the total of all multi-frequency or wide-band scattering measurements up to a dispersion measure (DM) of 150 pc cm−3 by 60%. The scatter-broadening timescale (τ
sc) measurements at different frequencies are often combined by scaling them to a common reference frequency of 1 GHz. Using our data, we show that the τ
sc–DM variations are best fitted for reference frequencies close to 200–300 MHz, and scaling to higher or lower frequencies results in significantly more scatter in data. We suggest that this effect might indicate a frequency dependence of the scatter-broadening scaling index (α). However, a selection bias due to our chosen observing frequencies cannot be ruled out with the current data set. Our data did not favor any particular model of the DM–τ
sc relations, and we do not see a statistically significant break at the low-DM range in this relation. The turbulence spectral index (β) is found to be steeper than what is expected from a Kolmogorov spectrum. This indicates that the local ISM turbulence may have a low wavenumber cutoff or the presence of large-scale inhomogeneities in the line of sight to some of the reported pulsars.
BIOSCAN - Revealing Eukaryote Diversity, Dynamics, and Interactions
Authors: Hobern Donald , Hebert Paul 
Published: June 2019

Between 2010 and 2015, the International Barcode of Life (iBOL) consortium successfully completed the BARCODE 500K project, a $125 million effort that delivered DNA barcode coverage for 500,000 species. BIOSCAN is a seven-year program (2019-2025) that builds on this foundation, expanding coverage of the barcode reference library to two million species and operationalising metabarcoding for eukaryote communities globally. BIOSCAN will scan species assemblages from at least 2,500 ecosystems and will codify species interactions for at least 2,500 sites.
DNA barcoding is a well-established approach for rapid, cost-effective species diagnosis, with many applications in support of taxonomy, biosecurity, conservation, and monitoring. Uptake has been particularly significant in hyperdiverse invertebrate groups where morphological approaches to species identification are often limiting (because of the scale of diversity and the small number of expert taxonomists) or inapplicable (for example in associating individuals from different life stages). The barcode reference library maintained as BOLD Systems by the Centre for Biodiversity Genomics in Guelph, Ontario is a significant biodiversity informatics infrastructure for bridging genomics and classical taxonomy, collections research, and field surveys. Effort across multiple years in Canada has delivered a library of reference sequences for the COI mitochondrial barcode that covers most of the known insect fauna for the country, enabling a comprehensive assessment of Canadian arthropod diversity (Hebert et al. 2016, Langor and Sheffield 2019).
The Global Malaise Trap Program is expanding lessons learned in Canada to support species inventories in new regions such as Kruger National Park in South Africa. As DNA barcode libraries approach completeness for any site, analysis can employ metabarcoding to lower costs significantly for monitoring programs that track changes in species composition. Data from this program, and from barcode-based exploration in other regions, will greatly expand the fraction of biodiversity that can be monitored and compared over time and space. GBIF has collected more than one billion species records, but around 60% of these are for birds, with another 25% for vascular plants. Metabarcoding offers the opportunity for a wider selection of taxa to be included in global data sets and in support of local conservation and planning.
The BIOSCAN program, launched by iBOL in 2019, seeks to operationalise DNA barcoding at the global scale for development of species inventories and preliminary exploration of undescribed diversity, for surveying community composition across the world's ecosystems, and codifying species interactions (the symbiome). BIOSCAN will exploit the latest advances in sequencing platforms to lower costs, increase precision, and accelerate processing of samples, to speed the uptake of DNA barcoding for protecting life on Earth.
A comprehensive insight into Lean management: Literature review and trends
Authors: Sinha Neena , Matharu Misha 
Published: June 2019

Purpose: Lean Management has evolved into an inter-disciplinary subject with linkages to Operations Management, Organizational Behaviour, and Strategic Management. The objective of this paper is to review journal articles on lean published in major academic sources with a view to provide taxonomy of the field of lean management facilitating identification of the pertinent themes that exists in literature, while presenting an overview of the main definitions, chronological evolution, diffusion among developed and emerging economiesDesign/methodology/approach: A review of literature has been conducted which includes 447 research articles in 51 Journals from Academic sources: Emerald Insight, T&F and Science Direct with main focus on lean management.Findings: An analysis of the surveyed literature brings to light an exponential increase in number of papers in the last 3 decades. The paper conducted study of lean in 3 phases i.e. Pre 2001, 2001-2010, Post 2010; enabling the study of maturity of lean. Observation regarding diffusion of lean globally reveals that lean has been adopted by both developed and emerging economies with noteworthy tilt towards its adoption in Asian countries in the recent past whereas initially it was confined to developed countries. New themes that have emerged such as Industry 4.0 and sustainability in the context of lean have been identified.Research limitations/implications: The aim of the paper is succinct representation of the current status and facilitating future research in the field.Originality/value: The present business environment with its rapid changes in market, rise in its economic, technical, and socio-psychological complexities has paved way for acceptance of lean as an operating strategy in a pervasive manner. The present study extends efforts of previous studies to analyse diffusion of lean globally, themes that have emerged and also includes more contemporary research with focus on its spread to emerging economies.
Natural history of Corythucha juglandis and Gargaphia tiliae (Hemiptera: Tingidae) in Ontario and Québec, Canada
Authors: Javahery M. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe natural history ofCorythucha juglandis(Fitch) andGargaphia tiliae(Walsh) (Hemiptera: Tingidae) was studied in Ontario and Québec, Canada. These univoltine species overwinter as adults in leaf litter in a state of reproductive diapause and become active in April or May. They are specific to their host plants. Adults, eggs, and nymphs of both species were collected from the underside of leaves of host plants. The reproductive systems of both male and female, as well as eggs, nymphs, and operculum of the eggs of the two species, are described and illustrated. Fecundity, incubation period, development of nymphs, feeding, mating, and oviposition were studied. Mating was end-to-end at an angle of 35–40°. The reproductive potential, oviposition pattern, and site selection in the two species were investigated. Parental care of eggs and brood ofG. tiliaeis also reported and illustrated. Ocelli, true spermathecae, true egg micropyles, and true egg burster are absent in the two species. Fertilisation takes place before chorion formation. Adults, nymphs, and new generation aggregate on the underside of leaves of their host or nearby deciduous plants. In October they fly a short distance to overwintering sites within leaf litter.
Effects of temperature on instar number and larval development in the endangered longhorn beetle Callipogon relictus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) raised on an artificial diet
Authors: Yi Dae-Am , Kuprin Alexander V. , Bae Yeon Jae 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCallipogon relictusSemenov (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is currently listed in the Red Data Books (Category I) of Russia and South Korea and, in 2006, was designated by the South Korean government as the first invertebrate priority target species in a restoration project. However, the species is also classified as an invasive quarantine pest by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency. Due to the five-year to seven-year life cycle of the species, experimental information about instar numbers has been poorly documented. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to document the instar numbers of non-diapauseCallipogon relictuslarvae reared on an artificial diet. Under conditions of 30 °C, 60% relative humidity, and constant dark (0:24 hour light-dark photoperiod), developmental pathways of 8, 10, and 12 instars were observed. The effect of temperature (20, 25, and 30 °C) on the duration of larval development was also examined to identify the optimum temperature for producingCallipogon relictusfor conservational purposes. Larvae reared at 30 °C and 60% relative humidity, without a chill period, developed in seven to eight months, which is about one-tenth the duration ofC. relictusdevelopment under natural conditions and the most rapid development ofC. relictusobserved to date.
Constanza Romero on August Wilson's Legacy: Past, Present, and Future
Authors: Shannon Sandra G. 
Published: June 2019

The following interview occurred on Tuesday, December 4, 2018 at 5:00 p.m. EST (2:00 p.m. PST). Dr. Sandra Shannon, Professor Emerita, Howard University, conducted the interview from Washington, DC, on behalf of the Journal. Constanza Romero, Director of the August Wilson Estate and August Wilson's widow, spoke from Seattle, Washington.
Notes on Race and Gender in the USA: Poverty and Intersectionality
Authors: Castanyer Prisca 
Published: June 2019

This is the first of a series of multidisciplinary notes with one goal in common: to draw a much needed “bigger picture” on some basic human rights in the USA. To achieve this, we will present data from different studies as well as from the USA census.
In this first note, we will examine overall poverty, unemployment, and wealth distribution in the USA while analyzing the unremitting socio-economic differences amongst the American population due to race and gender. Unfortunately, it is impossible for us to explain in depth all the reasons behind both racism and sexism due to the fact that these are rather ingrained complex issues with a long stance in America, despite multiple efforts to the contrary. We will, however, explore here the eugenics movement, which was quite influential during a good part of the 20th century, informing policies that would affect both women and people of color for decades. Unfortunately, the basic core beliefs of this movement are still present in the American ethos today and, under this new administration, basic human rights are constantly under attack, aggravating the already existing levels of poverty and equality amongst women and people of color.
Subsequent notes will focus on women’s rights.
El efecto de las TIC y redes sociales en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Maldonado Berea Guadalupe Aurora , García González Janet , Sampedro Requena Begoña Esther 
Published: June 2019

La forma en que nos comunicamos está en constante evolución. Las tecnologías de la información y de la comunicación (TIC) y las redes sociales intervienen directamente en la cultura de un país. En México, el número de usuarios ha pasado ya los 79 millones. Sin embargo, la desigualdad en el acceso a las TIC, impide el propósito de agilizar la relación sociedad-red social que permite un aprendizaje interactivo y dinámico en la educación, además de las gratificaciones personales. Con esta investigación se ha tratado de identificar el efecto de las TIC y las redes sociales en estudiantes universitarios, a través del acceso, el uso y las gratificaciones sociales y académicas. Se trata de un estudio mixto (cualitativo/cuantitativo), con enfoque cuantitativo prospectivo y de corte transversal. Se incluyeron casi 500 estudiantes de las Universidades Autónomas de Baja California y Benito Juárez de Oaxaca. Para el análisis de la información se obtuvieron estadísticas descriptivas y la prueba análisis de correspondencia múltiple, como método inferencial. Tras un análisis de los resultados, se reflexiona sobre las TIC y el uso de las redes sociales y los cambios que producen en la conducta universitaria y en afectaciones interpersonales, cuestión asociada significativamente con la universidad a la que acuden.
Wnt signaling in liver disease: emerging trends from a bibliometric perspective
Authors: Jiang Guangyi , Huang Chiung-Kuei , Zhang Xinjie , Lv Xingyu , Wang Yifan , Yu Tunan , Cai Xiujun 
Published: June 2019

Background
The Wnt signaling pathway, an evolutionarily conserved molecular transduction cascade, has been identified as playing a pivotal role in various physiological and pathological processes of the liver, including homeostasis, regeneration, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we aimed to use a bibliometric method to evaluate the emerging trends on Wnt signaling in liver diseases.

Methods
Articles were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. We used a bibliometric software, CiteSpace V 5.3.R4, to analyze the active countries or institutions in the research field, the landmark manuscripts, important subtopics, and evolution of scientific ideas.

Results
In total, 1,768 manuscripts were published, and each was cited 33.12 times on average. The U.S. published most of the articles, and the most active center was the University of Pittsburgh. The top 5 landmark papers were identified by four bibliometric indexes including citation, burstness, centrality, and usage 2013. The clustering process divided the whole area into nine research subtopics, and the two major important subtopics were “liver zonation” and “HCC.” Using the “Part-of-Speech” technique, 1,743 terms representing scientific ideas were identified. After 2008, the bursting phrases were “liver development,” “progenitor cells,” “hepatic stellate cells,” “liver regeneration,” “liver fibrosis,” “epithelial-mesenchymal transition,” and etc.

Conclusion
Using bibliometric methods, we quantitatively summarized the advancements and emerging trends in Wnt signaling in liver diseases. These bibliometric findings may pioneer the future direction of this field in the next few years, and further studies are needed.
A functional magnetic resonance imaging investigation of the autonomous sensory meridian response
Authors: Smith Stephen D. , Fredborg Beverley K. , Kornelsen Jennifer 
Published: June 2019

Background
Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR) is a sensory-emotional experience in which specific stimuli (ASMR “triggers”) elicit tingling sensations on the scalp, neck, and shoulders; these sensations are accompanied by a positive affective state. In the current research, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used in order to delineate the neural substrates of these responses.

Methods
A total of 17 individuals with ASMR and 17 age- and sex-matched control participants underwent fMRI scanning while watching six 4-minute videos. Three of the videos were designed to elicit ASMR tingling and three videos were not.

Results
The results demonstrated that ASMR videos have a distinct effect on the neural activity of individuals with ASMR. The contrast of ASMR participants’ responses to ASMR videos showed greater activity in the cingulate gyrus as well as in cortical regions related to audition, movement, and vision. This activity was not observed in control participants. The contrast of ASMR and control participants’ responses to ASMR-eliciting videos detected greater activity in right cingulate gyrus, right paracentral lobule, and bilateral thalamus in ASMR participants; control participants showed greater activity in the lingula and culmen of the cerebellum.

Conclusions
Together, these results highlight the fact that ASMR videos elicit activity in brain areas related to sensation, emotion, and attention in individuals with ASMR, but not in matched control participants.
Molecular mechanisms linking peri-implantitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus revealed by transcriptomic analysis
Authors: Yu Tianliang , Acharya Aneesha , Mattheos Nikos , Li Simin , Ziebolz Dirk , Schmalz Gerhard , Haak Rainer , Schmidt Jana , Sun Yu 
Published: June 2019

Aims
To explore molecular mechanisms that link peri-implantitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by bioinformatic analysis of publicly available experimental transcriptomic data.

Materials and methods
Gene expression data from peri-implantitis were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, integrated and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in peri-implantitis were identified. Next, experimentally validated and computationally predicted genes related to T2DM were downloaded from the DisGeNET database. Protein–protein interaction network (PPI) pairs of DEGs related to peri-implantitis and T2DM related genes were constructed, “hub” genes and overlapping DEG were determined. Functional enrichment analysis was used to identify significant shared biological processes and signaling pathways. The PPI networks were subjected to cluster and specific class analysis for identifying “leader” genes. Module network analysis of the merged PPI network identified common or cross-talk genes connecting the two networks.

Results
A total of 92 DEGs overlapped between peri-implantitis and T2DM datasets. Three hub genes (IL-6, NFKB1, and PIK3CG) had the highest degree in PPI networks of both peri-implantitis and T2DM. Three leader genes (PSMD10, SOS1, WASF3), eight cross-talk genes (PSMD10, PSMD6, EIF2S1, GSTP1, DNAJC3, SEC61A1, MAPT, and NME1), and one signaling pathway (IL-17 signaling) emerged as peri-implantitis and T2DM linkage mechanisms.

Conclusions
Exploration of available transcriptomic datasets revealed IL-6, NFKB1, and PIK3CG expression along with the IL-17 signaling pathway as top candidate molecular linkage mechanisms between peri-implantitis and T2DM.
Perception and Management of Fever in Children, by Mothers in Port Harcourt Nigeria
Authors: Eberechukwu Yaguo Ide, Lucy , Aderonke Shorinwa Olusayo 
Published: June 2019

To determine mother’s perception and management of fever in their children. It was a descriptive cross-sectional study, carried out at the children outpatient clinic of the department of Paediatrics, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, over a one-year period, January to December, 2012. Every mother who presented with her child to the children outpatient clinic was recruited and interviewed using a structured questionnaire after obtaining written informed consent, as they presented their children to the children outpatient clinic of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital until we recruited 324mothers, whose children aged between 0-16 years into the study. A little over half of these mothers had completed secondary education. The thermometer was used by 209(64.50%) mothers and the preferred route was by mouth 135(41.67%). 175(54.01%) mothers reported temperature <35ºC as fever. 49.07% of the mothers were worried about the consequences of the fever. 43(13.3%) would give paracetamol. 24(7.4%) would tepid sponge. 15(4.6%) would give a cold bath. 6(1.9%) expose the child to air with reduced clothing. 4(1.2%), wrap the child with warm and thick cloth. 2(0.6%) gave antibiotics. 11 (3.4%) gave antimalaria. 6(1.9%) gave teething drugs. 1 (0.3%) gave nothing. Most mothers got their information on knowledge of fever management from doctors and nurses-164(50.62%). Paracetamol was the most commonly used drug by mothers for the treatment of fever at home-217 (67%). 87(26.852%) would take the child to hospital if fever persisted. This study found a significant association between using physical methods such as giving cold bath to reduce fever, and tepid sponging to reduce fever with no formal education P < 0.0001 and P< 0.0165 respectively. Data was analyzed using Epi-info version 7. Mothers awareness of fever in Port Harcourt is low and Paracetamol is commonly given to children with fever.
Aerobic Bacteriological Profile and Antimicrobial Sensitivity Pattern of Bacteria Isolated from Sterile Body Fluids: A Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India
Authors: Rouf Mariya , Nazir Asifa 
Published: June 2019

Aims: This study aims to isolate and identify the aerobic bacterial pathogens of sterile body fluids and to determine their susceptibility to various antibacterial agents.
Study Design: This study was a retrospective observational study conducted in a tertiary care hospital.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, SMHS hospital, Srinagar. A total of 814 samples were analysed for bacteriological culture and antibiotic sensitivity over a period of one year, from April 2018 to March 2019.
Methodology: Clinical specimens (pleural fluid, ascitic fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, Synovial fluid, pericardial fluid and bile) were processed for bacterial culture according to standard procedures and antimicrobial susceptibility test for isolated organisms was done using Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method and interpreted as per Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) recommendations.
Results: In 814 samples of various body fluids, 88 samples showed growth of organism with an isolation rate of 10.81%. growth was most commonly seen in CSF (34.09%) followed by Ascitic fluid (23.86%, Bile (20.45), Pleural fluid (15.90%) and Synovial fluid (5.68%). No growth was obtained from pericardial fluid. The most predominant isolates were E. coli (23.86%), Pseudomonas sp (15.90%), Acinetobacter (14.77%), Klebsiella sp (7.95%), Staphylococcus aureus (11.36%), CONS (12.5%) and Enterococcus sp (4.54%). E. coli and Klebsiella were sensitive to imipenem, meropenem. colistin, amikacin and gentamicin. Staph. aureus and CONS were mostly sensitive to vancomycin, linezolid, and teicoplanin. Pseudomonas was sensitive to imipenem, meropenem, colistin and piperacillin/tazobactam. Acinetobacter, E. coli and Klebsiella sp were the most resistant organisms.
Conclusion: In our study significant numbers of multidrug resistant bacteria were isolated from body fluids which calls for regular monitoring of prevalent pathogenic organisms and their sensitivities to avoid indiscriminate use of unnecessary antibiotics and the development of antibiotic resistance.