bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the efficacy and safety of platelet poor plasma gel as autologous dermal filler for facial rejuvenation
Authors: Doghaim Noha Nabil , El‐Tatawy Rania Ahmed , Neinaa Yomna Mazid El‐Hamd 
Published: February 2019

SummaryBackgroundThe popularity of dermal fillers has grown rapidly in the last few years for facial rejuvenation. Plasma gel is an autologous gelatinous material that is prepared from the patient's own platelet poor plasma.ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of plasma gel injection as a dermal filler for facial rejuvenation.Patients and MethodsThe current study was carried out on 52 females presented with facial aging divided into two groups: Group A included 34 females with facial wrinkles, and Group B included 18 females with tear trough deformity. After taking written informed consent, they received two sessions of plasma gel injections at 2‐week interval and followed up monthly for 3 months. They were assessed clinically before treatment sessions and at the end of follow‐up period.ResultsBoth studied groups showed immediate significant clinical improvement after plasma gel injection that maintained till the end of follow‐up period. This finding was confirmed by significant reduction in the mean values of Wrinkle Severity Rating Scale (WSRS) in Group A and Tear Trough Rating Scale (TTRS) in group B, and significant improvement of skin homogeneity and texture in both groups. In general, the reported side effects were minimal and transient.ConclusionAutologous platelet poor plasma gel injection seems to be a cost‐effective, safe, well‐tolerated, and minimally invasive technique producing significant aesthetic correction of facial wrinkles and tear trough deformity.
Shifting Imperial Strategies in Contemporary Latin America: The U.S. Empire and Venezuela under Hugo Chávez
Authors: Gill Timothy M. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractSome scholars have shown how the U.S. has deployed several traditional, imperial strategies to maintain global power, including military interventions, support for proxy governments, economic coercion, and the exercise of hegemony. In many countries, though, these strategies cannot effectively work. Some countries have elected leaders that defy U.S. influence, and, in middle‐income countries, the U.S. cannot use economic coercion. The U.S. also cannot militarily invade all countries that possess anti‐American governments. How, then, does the U.S. aim to confront and control anti‐American governments in the contemporary world? I examine U.S. foreign policy towards Venezuela under Hugo Chávez, who recurrently challenged U.S. global power during his time in office. Through interviews with U.S. state elites, who developed policy towards Venezuela, and through analysis of U.S. diplomatic cables, I show how the U.S. has moved away from traditional, imperial modalities and towards new imperial techniques aimed at frustrating political processes within particular countries, as well as containing their global influence. These techniques include pressuring the federal judiciary, utilizing state agencies to fund and support opposition political parties and NGOs, seeking to terminate particular pieces of legislation, and eliminating eligibility for global leadership positions. These efforts do not immediately aim to displace existing governments, but, in the least, they aim to frustrate the domestic efforts of particular governments, and ultimately cultivate conditions favorable for the political opposition to eventually attain political power.
Religious Variability in the Relationship Between Masculinity and Father Involvement
Authors: Shafer Kevin , Petts Richard J. , Renick Andrew J. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWhile traditional masculinity and fathering behaviors are seemingly associated, few studies have considered the conditions under which masculine norms may influence fathers’ behavior. Religiosity is an important factor to consider, given its association with both the endorsement of traditional gender attitudes and father involvement. This paper addresses the independent effects of traditional masculine norms and religiosity on fathering behaviors and considers whether religiosity moderates the relationship between masculinity and men's parenting behaviors. Using a national sample of fathers with children aged 2–17 in the United States, the results suggest that masculinity is negatively associated with father involvement, while religiosity is positively associated with father involvement. Yet, both highly masculine and highly religious fathers are more likely to engage in harsh discipline. Moreover, results suggest that religiosity attenuates the negative relationship between masculinity and active father involvement, while exacerbating the positive relationship between masculinity and harsh punishment.
Care as an Alternative to Euthanasia? Reconceptualizing Veterinary Palliative and End‐of‐life Care
Authors: Hurn Samantha , Badman‐King Alexander 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPalliative care is routinely offered to humans in the United Kingdom, while euthanasia remains illegal. The converse is true for nonhuman animals (henceforth animals). Indeed, euthanasia is widely accepted as the appropriate course of action for “suffering” animals, and for those whose behaviors or suspected ill health are thought to pose a threat to others. This article details examples of nonhuman death at a multi‐faith ashram whose members vehemently oppose all forms of killing on religious grounds. Through exploring their efforts in palliative care for animals, and their emphasis on natural death as a means of respecting the sanctity of life, the practical, emotional, and theoretical viability of caring for, instead of killing, other animals at the ends of their lives is considered. In the process, normative distinctions between different categories of animals, (including humans), and different approaches to end of life care (palliative care, euthanasia, natural death) are called into question. Indeed, paying mindful attention to the diverse ways in which individual animals are cared for as they die reveals the potential violence inherent in both palliative care leading to natural death, and euthanasia, blurring perceptions of good and bad death in both veterinary and human medicine.
Exploring infant signing to enhance responsive parenting: Findings from the INSIGHT study
Authors: Paul Ian M. , Hohman Emily E. , Birch Leann L. , Shelly Amy , Vallotton Claire D. , Savage Jennifer S. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractResponsive parenting is a promising framework for obesity prevention, yet attempts to date have largely relied on parents accurately interpreting their child's cues. Infant signing or “baby sign language” could enhance these interventions by improving bidirectional parent–child communication during the preverbal and emerging language years. In a clinical trial testing, a responsive parenting intervention designed for obesity prevention, we pilot tested a brief intervention at age 40 weeks with a subset of participating dyads that taught the signing gesture of “all done” to improve parental recognition of satiety. In addition, we surveyed all participating mothers at child age 18 months on the use of infant signing gestures in the prior year. Two hundred twenty‐eight mothers completed the survey including 72 responsive parenting group mothers that received the signing instructions. A majority of mothers, 63.6%, reported teaching their infant signs in the prior year, and 61.4% of infants were using signs to communicate at 18 months (median signs = 2). The signs for “more” and “all done” were used by over half of study participants and were the most common signs used. Other signs related to eating or drinking were commonly used. Signing intervention group infants were more likely to use the sign for “all done” than controls (63.9% vs. 45.5%; P = 0.01), but there was no difference between groups with regard to the use of the sign for “more” (56.9% vs. 51.3%; P = 0.43). Signing is commonly used by parents of young children and holds potential to improve parental responsiveness and obesity prevention efforts.
Optical fluorescence imaging in oral cancer and potentially malignant disorders: A systematic review
Authors: Tiwari Lalima , Kujan Omar , Farah Camile S. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to systematically review the efficacy of direct optical fluorescence imaging as an adjunct to comprehensive oral examination in the clinical evaluation, risk assessment and surgical management of oral cancer and potentially malignant disorders.MethodsStudies adopting autofluorescence devices, evaluating the efficacy of comprehensive oral examination and optical fluorescence imaging in detection, visualisation or management of oral squamous cell carcinoma or oral potentially malignant disorders, as well as discriminating oral epithelial dysplasia from other mucosal lesions, were included in the literature search across bibliographic databases until October 2018.ResultsTwenty‐seven studies were found to be eligible for inclusion in qualitative analysis. Of these, only six studies demonstrated a low risk of bias across all domains of the methodological assessment tool (QUADAS‐2). Optical fluorescence imaging demonstrated positive results, with higher sensitivity scores, increased lesion detection and visualisation than comprehensive oral examination alone in the clinical evaluation of oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral potentially malignant disorders.ConclusionsThis review provides promising evidence for the utilisation of optical fluorescence imaging as an adjunct to comprehensive oral examination in varying clinical settings. It is important that devices utilising optical fluorescence imaging are viewed strictly as clinical adjuncts and not specifically as diagnostic devices.
The argument from agreement: How universal values undermine moral realism
Authors: Sauer Hanno 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe most popular argument against moral realism is the argument from disagreement: if there are mind‐independent moral facts, then we would not expect to find as much moral disagreement as we in fact do; therefore, moral realism is false. In this paper, I develop the flipside of this argument. According to this argument from agreement, we would expect to find lots of moral disagreement if there were mind‐independent moral facts. But we do not, in fact, find much moral disagreement; therefore, moral realism is false. I defend the argument, explain the empirical evidence that supports it, and show what makes this challenge novel and powerful.
Effects of dietary L‐arginine supplementation to early pregnant mares on conceptus diameter—Preliminary findings
Authors: Aurich Jörg , Köhne Martin , Wulf Manuela , Nagel Christina , Beythien Elisabeth , Gautier Camille , Zentek Jürgen , Aurich Christine 
Published: February 2019

ContentsThe importance of the amino acid L‐arginine (ARG) for conceptus growth and litter size has been demonstrated in various species. L‐arginine is part of embryo‐derived polyamines, a substrate for nitric oxide synthase and stimulates protein synthesis by the embryo. In the present study, we have investigated whether dietary L‐arginine supplementation stimulates early conceptus growth in mares. Warmblood mares with singleton pregnancies received either an arginine‐supplemented diet (approximately 0.0125% of body weight, n = 12) or a control diet (n = 11) from days 15 to 45 after ovulation. Diameter of the embryonic vesicle (days 14, 17, 20 of pregnancy) and size of the embryo respective foetus (length and maximal diameter, days 25–45 of pregnancy at 5‐day intervals) were determined by transrectal ultrasound. At foaling, weight and size of the foal and the placenta were determined. Blood for determination of equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG) and progestin concentrations was collected repeatedly. Neither eCG nor progestin concentration in plasma of mares differed between groups at any time. No effects of arginine treatment on diameter of the embryonic vesicle between days 14 and 20 of pregnancy were detected. Diameter of the embryo/foetus on days 40 to 45 of pregnancy strongly tended to be enhanced by arginine supplementation (p = 0.06). Weight and size of neither the foal nor placenta at birth differed between groups. In conclusion, L‐arginine supplementation was without negative effects on early equine embryos and may support embryonic growth at the beginning of placentation.
Resynchronization of ovulation with new and reused intravaginal progesterone‐releasing devices without previous pregnancy diagnosis in Bos taurus indicus cows subjected to timed‐artificial insemination
Authors: de Oliveira Danilo Amadori Martins , Kozicki Luiz Ernandes , Gaievski Francisco Romano , Pedrosa Victor Breno , Weiss Romildo Romualdo , Segui Márcio Saporski , Bergstein‐Galan Tácia Gomes 
Published: February 2019

ContentsThe study aimed to evaluate pregnancy per artificial insemination (P/AI) of cows subjected to synchronization and resynchronization in ovulation protocols using intravaginal progesterone‐releasing insert (P4) before pregnancy diagnosis (PD) and the relationship of PR with the diameter of preovulatory follicles (ØPOF) before TAI. Cows (n = 378) were distributed into two groups: a resynchronization group with new devices (GRN; n = 185) and resynchronization group with used devices (GRU; n = 193). On Day 0, both groups received a new P4 and estradiol benzoate (EB). On D8, P4 removal + D‐cloprostenol + eCG + estradiol cypionate (EC) was done. On d10, TAI was conducted. On d32, cows were resynchronized and divided into two groups, GRN (n = 185) and GRU (n = 193). The GRN group received a new P4 + EB, and the GRU group received a used P4 + EB. On d40, the P4 was removed + PD. The non‐pregnant cows received D‐cloprostenol + eCG + EC. US was done again on d42 to determine ØPOF before the second TAI. The P/AI of the GRN and GRU groups after synchronization were 56.2% and 57.0% (p = 0.87), respectively, and those after resynchronization were 58.0% and 37.3% (p < 0.008), respectively. The P/AI of the GRN and GRU groups observed after TAI (synchronization + resynchronization) were 81.6% and 73.1%, respectively (p = 0.047). No difference (p = 0.067) in ØPOF between the pregnant and non‐pregnant cows in the GRN was found, whereas the GRU group showed a significant difference (p = 0.003). Resynchronization protocols optimized the P/AI in both groups. New intravaginal devices resulted in greater P/AI and P/AI accumulation in resynchronization as compared with the GRU; the ØPOF was related with P/AI.
Evaluating the contact rate between companion dogs during dog walking and the practices towards potential cases of rabies among dog owners in Japan
Authors: Kwan Nigel C. L. , Inoue Mai , Yamada Akio , Sugiura Katsuaki 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis study aimed to examine the habits of dog walking in Japan using an internet survey of insured dog owners. About 96.4% of the respondents (n = 1,151) reported that they would take their dogs for a walk and they most frequently walk their dogs once or twice a day (75.9%) for 30 min to 1 hr (83.1%). The probability of a companion dog having contact with other dogs during dog walking was estimated to be 0.83 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.81–0.85), and the associated daily contact rate was estimated using log‐normal distribution with a mean of 2.73 (95% CI: 2.42–3.11) and a standard deviation (SD) of 6.39 (95% CI: 5.18–7.84). Multiple linear regression revealed that the contact rate is mainly influenced by the social behaviour of the owner and to a lesser degree by his/her demographic characteristics including the area of residence, the breed size of dog and the age of the owner. In addition, ten Likert items measured on a 5‐point scale were designed to assess the practices towards potential cases of rabies among dog owners. The respondents (n = 972) achieved a mean score of 2.99 (out of a full score of 4) with a SD of 0.90 in responding to situations related to dog bite incidents and injury from stray cat scratches during dog walking. They achieved a higher score in responding to situations related to sighting a stray or wild animal during dog walking and situations related to non‐specific clinical signs of rabies and bite injuries from stray dogs or wild animals during dog walking with a mean of 3.70 (SD = 0.58) and 3.84 (SD = 0.34), respectively. The level of best practice was also proved to be significantly associated with the demographic characteristics of the dog owner.
La autoestima, la extraversión y el resentimiento como variables predictoras del bienestar subjetivo
Authors: Murillo Muñoz Javier Alonso , Salazar Castillo Manuel Alberto 
Published: February 2019

Estudio correlacional cuyo objetivo fue establecer la relación de las variables autoestima, extraversión y resentimiento con la satisfacción vital y la felicidad, identificando si las primeras podrían predecir las últimas. La muestra de 1207 residentes en el departamento del Valle del Cauca (Colombia) se obtuvo de manera no probabilística mediante la técnica de bola de nieve. Los resultados mostraron una relación positiva de la autoestima y la extraversión y negativa, del resentimiento, con los dos componentes del bienestar (satisfacción vital y felicidad). Las tres variables emergieron como sus predictoras. Los resultados indicaron una relación más estrecha de la autoestima con la satisfacción vital y de la extraversión y el resentimiento, con la felicidad. Los factores disposicionales (autoestima, extraversión y resentimiento) tuvieron mayor peso que las variables sociodemográficas, en la explicación de varianza.
¿Los valores culturales afectan el bienestar humano? Evidencias desde los reportes de investigación
Authors: Gutiérrez-Carmona Andrés , Urzúa M. Alfonso 
Published: February 2019

El bienestar ha sido estudiado ampliamente en las últimas décadas, y se le ha relacionado con múltiples variables. El presente artículo describe la relación entre el bienestar y los valores culturales, encontrada a través de la investigación empírica. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos WoS y SCOPUS, considerando como palabras clave valores culturales y bienestar (cultural values & well-being). Los resultados son diversos y dan cuenta de la influencia del contexto cultural sobre el comportamiento del bienestar en los diferentes grupos humanos, dado que los niveles de bienestar se relacionan de forma diferente con múltiples variables, dependiendo del contexto sociocultural donde se hayan estudiado. Se espera, con esta revisión, poder contribuir a la comprensión de los valores culturales como mediadores en los niveles de bienestar del ser humano.
Knee strength, hop performance and self-efficacy at 4 months are associated with symmetrical knee muscle function in young athletes 1 year after an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Beischer Susanne , Hamrin Senorski Eric , Thomeé Christoffer , Samuelsson Kristian , Thomeé Roland 
Published: February 2019

ObjectivesWe investigated whether patient demographics, 4-month patient-reported outcomes (PRO) and muscle function predicted young athletes regaining symmetrical muscle function in five tests of muscle function 1 year after ACL reconstruction.MethodsWe extracted data on patient demographics, PROs and the results of five tests of muscle function from a rehabilitation-specific register. Athletes were 15–30 years of age, involved in knee-strenuous sport and had undergone a primary ACL reconstruction. The primary outcome was achieving a Limb Symmetry Index of ≥90% for the battery of tests 1 year after ACL reconstruction. Patient demographics, muscle-function data and results for PROs at the 4-month follow-up were analysed.ResultsIn all, 237 athletes (59% female; mean age 22±4 years) were included in the study. One year after ACL reconstruction, 26% (62/237) of the included athletes had achieved symmetrical muscle function. Univariable analysis showed that symmetrical muscle function was associated with present self-efficacy, OR 1.28 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.58, p=0.011), knee-extension strength, OR 1.73 (95% CI 1.28 to 2.34), knee-flexion strength, OR 1.39 (95% CI 1.07 to 1.81), vertical hop, OR 1.77 (95% CI 1.27 to 2.45), single-leg hop for distance, OR 1.98 (95% CI 1.24 to 3.17) and side hop, OR 1.64 (95% CI 1.15 to 2.33).ConclusionSymmetrical knee-extension and knee-flexion strength, a more symmetrical hop performance and higher present self-efficacy at an early stage all increased the odds of achieving symmetrical muscle function in young athletes 1 year after ACL reconstruction.
Qualitative study to identify the perception and challenges faced by the faculty of community medicine in the implementation of competency-based medical education for postgraduate students
Authors: Shrivastava Saurabh Rambiharilal , Shrivastava Prateek Saurabh 
Published: February 2019

ObjectivesTo identify perception about the key aspects of competency-based medical education (CBME) among community medicine faculty members and to ascertain the various challenges faced by them during its implementation.MethodsA descriptive qualitative study of 2 months’ duration was conducted among the faculty members of the community medicine department. Non-probability purposive sampling was employed in the study. Free listing was done initially to elicit the views of faculty members to meet the intended objectives. Visual Anthropac software was used to identify the salient variables using Smith’s Salience Score, and then pile sorting was done to identify the association between the salient variables.ResultsThree faculty members participated in the free listing and pile sorting. A total of 20 responses were obtained pertaining to the key aspects of CBME, of which 12 were identified as the salient variables depending on the cut-off value of 0.125 (Smith’s Salience Score) and subjected to pile sorting. Similarly, eight challenges were identified in the implementation of the programme during the free listing, and all were included in the second stage of pile sorting. Cognitive maps were drawn to understand the relationship between the key aspects of CBME and involved challenges separately.ConclusionOn employing the free listing and pile sorting methods, formulation of entrustable professional activities and their assessment using appropriate tools were the identified crucial areas in CBME, while the lack of sensitisation of stakeholders and inadequate planning were identified as the predominant challenges in the implementation of CBME.