bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High Pressure in Virtual Postcoiling Model is a Predictor of Internal Carotid Artery Aneurysm Recurrence After Coiling
Authors: Nambu Iku , Misaki Kouichi , Uchiyama Naoyuki , Mohri Masanao , Suzuki Takashi , Takao Hiroyuki , Murayama Yuichi , Futami Kazuya , Kawamura Tomoki , Inoguchi Yasushi , Matsuzawa Teruo , Nakada Mitsutoshi 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Hemodynamic factors play a crucial role in the recurrence of intracranial aneurysms after coiling. However, the strongest factor for predicting recurrence remains unclear because each risk factor has been investigated and reported separately.

OBJECTIVE
To clarify the strongest predictor of recurrence with computational fluid dynamics (CFD).

METHODS
Using pretreatment patient-specific 3-dimensional rotational angiography data of 50 internal carotid artery (ICA) aneurysms (7 recanalized, 43 stable) treated with endovascular coiling, we created a precoiling model and a virtual postcoiling model produced by manually cutting the aneurysm by the flat plane corresponding to the virtual coil surface. We conducted CFD analysis to investigate inflow dynamics in the precoiling model and pressure difference and wall shear stress on the virtual coil surface. The pressure difference was calculated by subtracting average pressure at the proximal ICA from the maximum pressure at the coil surface and dividing by dynamic pressure at the proximal ICA for normalization. We compared hemodynamic parameters in both models between recanalized and stable aneurysms.

RESULTS
Compared with stable aneurysms, recanalized aneurysms showed a significantly larger inflow area and higher inflow rate in the precoiling model (P = .016, .028), and higher pressure difference at the coil surface in the postcoiling model (P < .001). The receiver-operating characteristic analysis showed that the area under the curve value for the pressure difference (0.967) was superior to that of other evaluated parameters.

CONCLUSION
The pressure difference in the virtual postcoiling model may be a strong predictor of recurrence after coiling.
Neuropsychological Changes in Patients Undergoing Treatment of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms
Authors: Caveney Angela F , Langenecker Scott A , Pandey Aditya S , Farah Laura B , Ortiz J Alexis , Huq Nadia , Bhaumik Runa , Thompson B Gregory , Giordani Bruno J , Auer Donna , Morgenstern Lewis B 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Evaluation of differences in neuropsychological outcomes in patients undergoing surgical clipping (SC) vs endovascular coiling (EC) for unruptured cerebral aneurysms is essential in guiding patients seeking treatment of asymptomatic cerebral aneurysms.

OBJECTIVE
To perform a prospective longitudinal analysis of neuropsychological outcomes in patients who underwent microsurgery or coiling for unruptured cerebral aneurysms.

METHODS
SC (50 patients), EC (35 patients), and healthy controls (43 individuals) were included. A detailed neuropsychological evaluation was performed at baseline and at 2 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo, and 12 mo. Student's t-test was utilized for comparing neuropsychological outcomes among the 3 groups. A mixed-effects model allowed for evaluation of neuropsychological outcome changes among the groups over time.

RESULTS
Both the SC and EC groups had nonsignificant differences in procedure-related complications. SC patients had the greatest initial declines in short-term memory, fine motor control, and executive functioning; however, these patients also recovered to a greater degree in neuropsychological functionality. Over the next year, all groups achieved similar neuropsychological outcomes with no significant differences among groups.

CONCLUSION
Whereas the initial decline in neuropsychological functioning was greater for SC patients, 1 yr after treatment there was no significant difference in neuropsychological outcome among the SC, EC, and healthy control groups.
Supratentorial Cavernous Malformations Involving the Corticospinal Tract and Sensory Motor Cortex: Treatment Strategies, Surgical Considerations, and Outcomes
Authors: Skrap Miran , Vescovi Maria Caterina , Pauletto Giada , Maieron Marta , Tomasino Barbara , Bagatto Daniele , Tuniz Francesco 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Cavernous malformations (CMs) are congenital malformations and may be located anywhere in the brain. We present a series of CMs located close to or inside of the motor-sensory cortex or corticospinal tract (CST) with clinical onset due to hemorrhage or mass effect. In such cases, surgery becomes an acceptable option.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the role of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), functional-magnetic-resonance imaging (fMRI), intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring, neuronavigation, and brain-mapping and the clinical results of surgical treatment of CMs in this critical location.

METHODS
The study included 54 patients harboring 22 cortical and 32 deep locations. This series was distinct because in group I, where the DTI was not obtained, and in the group II, where this evaluation was performed.

RESULTS
The postoperative permanent morbidity rate was 4% in the historical group for the deeper CMs, and there was no morbidity in the second group. DTI and fMRI permitted us to estimate the distance between the CMs and both the cortical activation cluster and the pyramidal tract. These data, in addition to intraoperative mapping and monitoring, made it necessary for us to perform a partial resection in 2 cases in the second series.

CONCLUSION
CMs are congenital lesions and CST fibers can run directly on their surface. Integration of fMRI and DTI data with intraoperative functional monitoring and direct cortical and subcortical mapping are mandatory to accomplish an optimal resection, tailoring the best surgical approach to the acceptable morbidity. A subtotal resection could be considered an option for deep locations.
Sitting Together And Reaching To Play (START-Play): Protocol for a Multisite Randomized Controlled Efficacy Trial on Intervention for Infants With Neuromotor Disorders
Authors: Harbourne Regina T , Dusing Stacey C , Lobo Michele A , Westcott-McCoy Sarah , Bovaird James , Sheridan Susan , Galloway James C , Chang Hui-Ju , Hsu Lin-Ya , Koziol Natalie , Marcinowski Emily C , Babik Iryna 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

Background
There is limited research examining the efficacy of early physical therapy on infants with neuromotor dysfunction. In addition, most early motor interventions have not been directly linked to learning, despite the clear association between motor activity and cognition during infancy.

Objective
The aim of this project is to evaluate the efficacy of Sitting Together And Reaching To Play (START-Play), an intervention designed to target sitting, reaching, and motor-based problem solving to advance global development in infants with motor delays or neuromotor dysfunction.

Design
This study is a longitudinal multisite randomized controlled trial. Infants in the START-Play group are compared to infants receiving usual care in early intervention (EI).

Setting
The research takes place in homes in Pennsylvania, Delaware, Washington, and Virginia.

Participants
There will be 140 infants with neuromotor dysfunction participating, beginning between 7 to 16 months of age. Infants will have motor delays and emerging sitting skill.

Intervention
START-Play provides individualized twice-weekly home intervention for 12 weeks with families to enhance cognition through sitting, reaching, and problem-solving activities for infants. Ten interventionists provide the intervention, with each child assigned 1 therapist.

Measurements
The primary outcome measure is the Bayley III Scales of Infant Development. Secondary measures include change in the Early Problem Solving Indicator, change in the Gross Motor Function Measure, and change in the type and duration of toy contacts during reaching. Additional measures include sitting posture control and parent-child interaction.

Limitations
Limitations include variability in usual EI care and the lack of blinding for interventionists and families.

Conclusions
This study describes usual care in EI across 4 US regions and compares outcomes of the START-Play intervention to usual care.
Impact of Endometriosis on Risk of Further Gynaecological Surgery and Cancer: A National Cohort Study
Authors: Saraswat L. , Ayansina D. , Cooper K. G. , Bhattacharya S. , Horne A. W. , Bhattacharya S. 
Published: February 2018

(Abstracted from BJOG 2018;125(1):64–72)
The mainstay for the diagnosis and treatment of endometriosis is surgery. After the initial surgery, women often undergo multiple operations in an attempt to alleviate persistent symptoms of pain and infertility.
Drug Interactions Between Non-Rifamycin Antibiotics and Hormonal Contraception: A Systematic Review
Authors: Simmons Katharine B. , Haddad Lisa B. , Nanda Kavita , Curtis Kathryn M. 
Published: February 2018

(Abstracted from Am J Obstet Gynecol 2018;218(1):88–97.e14)
Hormonal contraception (HC) is used by millions of women worldwide to prevent unintended pregnancies. Because antibiotics are commonly used by reproductive-aged women, it is important to understand whether drug interactions between HC and antibiotics can contribute to HC failure or pose safety concerns.
Maternal Deaths in the Nordic Countries
Authors: Vangen Siri , Bødker Birgit , Ellingsen Liv , Saltvedt Sissel , Gissler Mika , Geirsson Reynir T. , Nyfløt Lill T. 
Published: February 2018

(Abstracted from Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2017;96(9):1112–1119)
Underreporting of maternal deaths is a global issue and can hinder the designing and development of preventive and management practices for reducing the maternal mortality ratio (MMR). Although the MMR is among the lowest in the Nordic countries, there is still opportunity to further reduce the rate of direct or indirect maternal deaths.
Effect of Post–Cesarean Delivery Oral Cephalexin and Metronidazole on Surgical Site Infection Among Obese Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Valent Amy M. , DeArmond Chris , Houston Judy M. , Reddy Srinidhi , Masters Heather R. , Gold Alison , Boldt Michael , DeFranco Emily , Evans Arthur T. , Warshak Carri R. 
Published: February 2018

(Abstracted from JAMA 2017;318(11):1026–1034)
Surgical site infection (SSI) is a major complication of cesarean delivery, and the risk of SSI increases with obesity despite recommended preoperative antibiotic regimens. This randomized clinical trial aimed to compare the efficacy of postoperative, prophylactic oral cephalexin plus metronidazole with standard preoperative intravenous cephalosporin alone on SSI among obese women after cesarean delivery.
Metformin, the Aspirin of the 21st Century: Its Role in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Prevention of Preeclampsia and Cancer, and the Promotion of Longevity
Authors: Romero Roberto , Erez Offer , Hüttemann Maik , Maymon Eli , Panaitescu Bogdan , Conde-Agudelo Agustin , Pacora Percy , Yoon Bo Hyun , Grossman Lawrence I. 
Published: February 2018

(Abstracted from Am J Obstet Gynecol 2017;217(3):282–302)
Metformin (dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride) was initially introduced as an antidiabetic agent; however, in recent years, it has shown a wide array of beneficial effects ranging from cancer therapy to extending longevity. As a gestational antidiabetic agent, metformin has compared favorably to insulin by showing a significantly reduced frequency of neonatal hyperglycemia, large-for-gestational-age neonates, and admissions to a neonatal intensive care unit compared with those treated with insulin.
Genetic Associations With Gestational Duration and Spontaneous Preterm Birth
Authors: Zhang Ge , Feenstra Bjarke , Bacelis Jonas , Liu Xueping , Muglia Lisa M. , Juodakis Julius , Miller Daniel E. , Litterman Nadia , Jiang Pan-Pan , Russell Laura , Hinds David A. , Hu Youna , Weirauch Matthew T. , Chen Xiaoting , Chavan Arun R. , Wagner Günter P. , Pavličev Mihaela , Nnamani Mauris C. , Maziarz Jamie , Karjalainen Minna K. , Ramet Mika , Sengpiel Verena , Geller Frank , Boyd Heather A. , Palotie Aarno , Momany Allison , Bedell Bruce , Ryckman Kelli K. , Huusko Johanna M. , Forney Carmy R. , Kottyan Leah C. , Hallman Mikko , Teramo Kari , Nohr Ellen A. , Davey Smith George , Melbye Mads , Jacobsson Bo , Muglia Louis J. 
Published: February 2018

(Abstracted from N Engl J Med 2017;377:1156–1167)
Preterm birth, caused by idiopathic onset of uterine contractions or rupture of fetal membranes, is a major risk factor for death in neonates and children younger than 5 years. Although there is evidence that preterm birth and gestational duration are affected by both maternal and fetal genomes, robust associations with genetic variations are still not established.
Genomic Microarray in Fetuses With Early Growth Restriction: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Borrell Antoni , Grande Maribel , Meler Eva , Sabrià Joan , Mazarico Edurne , Muñoz Anna , Rodriguez-Revenga Laia , Badenas Cèlia , Figueras Francesc 
Published: February 2018

(Abstracted from Fetal Diagn Ther 2017;42:174–180)
Literature has shown that conventional chromosomal anomalies can account for up to 19% of fetal growth restrictions (FGRs) when those with anomalies are included. The majority of these anomalies are triploidy if the fetus is less than 26 weeks and trisomy 18 when equal to or greater than 26 weeks' gestation.
High Gonadotropin Dosage Does Not Affect Euploidy and Pregnancy Rates in IVF PGS Cycles With Single Embryo Transfer
Authors: Barash Oleksii O. , Hinckley Mary D. , Rosenbluth Evan M. , Ivani Kristen A. , Weckstein Louis N. 
Published: February 2018

(Abstracted from Hum Reprod 2017;32:2209–2217)
The most effective and reliable method for embryo selection in in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles is preimplantation genetic screening (PGS). There is a significant decrease in euploidy and blastulation rates with increasing maternal age.
Neuroinflammation and Central Sensitization in Chronic and Widespread Pain
Authors: Ji Ru-Rong , Nackley Andrea , Huh Yul , Terrando Niccolò , Maixner William 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Chronic pain is maintained in part by central sensitization, a phenomenon of synaptic plasticity, and increased neuronal responsiveness in central pain pathways after painful insults. Accumulating evidence suggests that central sensitization is also driven by neuroinflammation in the peripheral and central nervous system. A characteristic feature of neuroinflammation is the activation of glial cells, such as microglia and astrocytes, in the spinal cord and brain, leading to the release of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Recent studies suggest that central cytokines and chemokines are powerful neuromodulators and play a sufficient role in inducing hyperalgesia and allodynia after central nervous system administration. Sustained increase of cytokines and chemokines in the central nervous system also promotes chronic widespread pain that affects multiple body sites. Thus, neuroinflammation drives widespread chronic pain via central sensitization. We also discuss sex-dependent glial/immune signaling in chronic pain and new therapeutic approaches that control neuroinflammation for the resolution of chronic pain.
A novel method for fixation of Weber B distal fibular fractures: a biomechanical comparative study of posterolateral versus lateral neutralization plating
Authors: El-Wahab Reda Abd Mohammed , Kotb Ahmed , Salem Eid Ahmed , El-Gammaz Shady Mohamed , El-Sabbagh Adel Mohamed Moneeb 
Published: February 2018

Background:
In this biomechanical study, a new technique of posterolateral plating is compared with lateral plating fixation method for Weber type B ankle fractures.

Methods:
Ten dry fibulae were osteotomized obliquely to simulate a Weber B lateral malleolar fracture. Specimens were divided randomly into two groups: five fibulae were fixed using a lateral plate (Group 1), while the remaining fibulae were fixed with a posterolateral plate (Group 2). The fixed bones were tested for axial load and torsion to failure using a servohydraulic axial compression-distraction device.

Results:
The mean force required to disrupt the fracture fixation in group 2 (54.98 Nm) was significantly higher than in group 1 (21.94 Nm) [P-value=0.028]. The mean angular rotation to failure in group 1 (18.938 degrees) was significantly lower than in group 2 (33.66 degrees) [P-value=0.047]. A highly significant difference in favor of group 2 was reported when distal-end (osteotomized and fixed) torque to failure for each specimen was compared with the corresponding proximal-end (intact) in both groups [P-value=0.009].

Conclusions:
The newly developed technique of posterolateral plating for Weber B fractures has shown improved biomechanical properties over conventional lateral plating and can be used for fixation of such fractures.
How Surrogate Decision-Makers for Patients With Chronic Critical Illness Perceive and Carry Out Their Role
Authors: Li Lingsheng , Nelson Judith E. , Hanson Laura C. , Cox Christopher E. , Carson Shannon S. , Chai Emily J. , Keller Kristine L. , Tulsky James A. , Danis Marion 
Published: February 2018

Objectives:
Family members commonly make medical decision for patients with chronic critical illness. This study examines how family members approach this decision-making role in real time.

Design:
Qualitative analysis of interviews with family members in the intervention arm of a randomized controlled communication trial.

Settings:
Medical ICUs at four U.S. hospitals.

Participants:
Family members of patients with chronic critical illness (adults mechanically ventilated for ≥ 7 d and expected to remain ventilated and survive for ≥ 72 hr) who participated in the active arm of a communication intervention study.

Interventions:
Family members participated in at least two content-guided, informational, and emotional support meetings led by a palliative care physician and nurse practitioner.

Measurements and Main Results:
Grounded theory was used for qualitative analysis of 66 audio recordings of meetings with 51 family members. Family members perceived their role in four main ways: voice of the patient, advocate for the patient, advocate for others, and advocate for oneself. Their decision-making was characterized by balancing goals, sharing their role, keeping perspective, remembering previous experiences, finding sources of strength, and coping with various burdens.

Conclusions:
Family members take a multifaceted approach as they participate in decision-making. Understanding how surrogates perceive and act in their roles may facilitate shared decision-making among clinicians and families during critical care.
Pembrolizumab for the Treatment of Advanced Salivary Gland Carcinoma
Authors: Cohen Roger B. , Delord Jean-Pierre , Doi Toshihiko , Piha-Paul Sarina A. , Liu Stephen V. , Gilbert Jill , Algazi Alain P. , Damian Silvia , Hong Ruey-Long , Le Tourneau Christophe , Day Daphne , Varga Andrea , Elez Elena , Wallmark John , Saraf Sanatan , Thanigaimani Pradeep , Cheng Jonathan , Keam Bhumsuk 
Published: February 2018

Objectives:
Treatment options for patients with unresectable or metastatic salivary gland carcinoma (SGC) are limited. Safety and efficacy of pembrolizumab for SGC expressing programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) were explored.

Materials and Methods:
A cohort of patients with advanced, PD-L1-positive SGC was enrolled in the nonrandomized, multicohort, phase Ib trial of pembrolizumab in patients with PD-L1-positive advanced solid tumors (KEYNOTE-028; NCT02054806). Key inclusion criteria included recurrent or metastatic disease, failure of prior systemic therapy, and PD-L1 expression on ≥1% of tumor or stroma cells (per a prototype immunohistochemistry assay). Patients received pembrolizumab 10 mg/kg every 2 weeks for ≥2 years or until confirmed disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Primary end point was objective response rate per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1 by investigator review.

Results:
Twenty-six patients with PD-L1-positive SGC were enrolled and treated; median age was 57 years, 88% were men, and 74% had received prior therapy for recurrent/metastatic disease. Confirmed objective response rate after median follow-up of 20 months was 12% (95% confidence interval, 2%-30%), with 3 patients achieving partial response; there were no complete responses. Median duration of response was 4 months (range, 4 to 21 mo). Treatment-related adverse events occurred in 22 patients (85%), resulting in discontinuation in 2 patients and death in 1 (interstitial lung disease); those occurring in ≥15% of patients were diarrhea, decreased appetite, pruritus, and fatigue.

Conclusions:
Pembrolizumab demonstrated promising antitumor activity and a manageable safety profile in patients with advanced, PD-L1-positive SGC.
Impact of United States Preventive Services Task Force Recommendations on Utilization of Prostate-specific Antigen Screening in Medicare Beneficiaries
Authors: Khairnar Rahul , Mishra Mark V. , Onukwugha Eberechukwu 
Published: February 2018

Background:
Previous studies assessing the impact of United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendations on utilization of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening have not investigated longer-term impacts of 2008 recommendations nor have they investigated the impact of 2012 recommendations in the Medicare population. This study aimed to evaluate change in utilization of PSA screening, post-2008 and 2012 USPSTF recommendations, and assessed trends and determinants of receipt of PSA screening in the Medicare population.

Methods:
This retrospective study of male Medicare beneficiaries utilized Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey data and linked administrative claims from 2006 to 2013. Beneficiaries aged ≥65 years, with continuous enrollment in parts A and B for each year they were surveyed were included in the study. Beneficiaries with self-reported/claims-based diagnosis of prostate cancer were excluded. The primary outcome was receipt of PSA screening. Other measures included age groups (65 to 74 and ≥75), time periods (pre-2008/post-2008 and 2012 recommendations), and sociodemographic variables.

Results:
The study cohort consisted of 11,028 beneficiaries, who were predominantly white (87.56%), married (69.25%), and unemployed (84.4%); 52.21% beneficiaries were aged ≥75. Declining utilization trends for PSA screening were observed in men aged ≥75 after 2008 recommendations and in both age groups after 2012 recommendations. The odds of receiving PSA screening declined by 17% in men aged ≥75 after 2008 recommendations and by 29% in men aged ≥65 after 2012 recommendations.

Conclusions:
The 2008 and 2012 USPSTF recommendations against PSA screening were associated with declines in utilization of PSA screening during the study period. USPSTF recommendations play a significant role in affecting utilization patterns of health services.