bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of ocean wave characteristics in Lembasada, Donggala District, Central Sulawesi
Authors: Labania H M D , Mudin Y , Rahman A , Sunarto  , Khakhim N , Pranowo W S 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This study discusses the characteristics of ocean waves in Lembasada waters, Banawa Selatan, Donggala District, Central Sulawesi. The characteristics of ocean waves are related to significant wave height and peak period. This study was conducted by utilizing the reanalysis data from ECMWF 1996, 2008, 2015 and bathymetry data from Seamap. The analysis is done by observing seasonal variability in the presence of ENSO and ordinary effects. Based on the results obtained, indicating that in the normal year without any ENSO influence, the wave height in these waters is likely to follow a seasonal pattern, with significant wave height lower than the ENSO effect.
Synthesis of nano crystal TiO2 with modified commercial powder of TiO2
Authors: Syamsu  , Darwis D , Maddu A 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Nano crystal TiO2 was synthesized by modifying the TiO2 powder (Merck). The powder of TiO2 was stirred in 1M HCl solution for 2 hours, and then added ammonia solution (NH4OH). The suspension of TiO2 is spread evenly over the substrate glass and then heated to a different temperature. The structure and optical properties of TiO2 layer were examined using XRD to see the TiO2 crystal structure and size in heating temperature threatment. The optical properties of TiO2 observation showing the absorption band edge shifted to the shorter wavelength, it means the energy of band gap increases to heating temperature.
Determining the potential of quartz sand in the Pasir Putih Village, District of Pendolo, Regency of Poso
Authors: Darwis D , Sesa E , Sandra S , Iqbal  , Rusli M , Samsiah L , Zurrohim A , Todan A , Bulala A S , Ranonto R H , Kurniawan A , Sakung N M , Ismiati N , Linggi M , Basri A , Landjoma D , Sahabuddin  
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This research aims to investigate the potential of quartz sand in Pasir Putih Village of Pamona Selatan District, Poso Regency. The research is conducted by using a method of geoelectrical resistivity with Schlumberger configuration. Mapping process was done at 37 points of measurement and calculated using IP2WIN software. Each measurement point is connected to 5 trajectories in order to map the potential distribution of quartz sand. The software of 3D RockWork is used to calculate the volume of white sand at the research area. The results obtained are detected white sand with a resistance value of 1000 Ωm - 140,000 Ωm to a depth of 100 meters below level ground for lanes 1 and 2 which is located adjacent to Poso Lake. The existence of white sand distribution decreases with distance away from Poso Lake (trajectory 3, trajectory 4 and trajectory 5). Calculated volume of quartz sand at this study location was 134.56 million m3 with measurement area of 2.151.498 m2.
Influence of annealing on structural and optical properties of n-TiO2 thin films grown by sol-gel spin coating
Authors: Gareso P L , Dwioknain E , Hardianti  , Heryanto  , Rauf N , Juarlin E 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The influence of thermal annealing to the properties of n-TiO2 thin films fabricated by sol-gel spin coating has been investigated using X-ray diffraction (X-RD) and UV-Vis optical transmittance measurements. TiO2 thin films were prepared by dissolving TiO2 Nano-powders into a solvent of ethanol and it becomes sol-gel. The sol-gel of TiO2 was deposited on indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate. Then, the TiO2 the thin films were inserted into tube furnace for annealing in the temperature range of 3000C to 5000C during 60 minutes. Based on the xray diffraction results, the crystal structure of TiO2 is anatase phase structures. The crystalline size of TiO2 films after annealing at 300°C was 46.6 nm and it slightly decreased to 46.2 nm after annealing at 500°C. The optical transmittance value of TiO2 film increased after annealing in comparison before annealing the TiO2 film.
Diversity of Zingiberaceae and traditional uses by three indigenous groups at Lore Lindu National Park, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Pitopang R , Damry  , Rusdi  , Hamzah B , Zubair M S , Amar A L , Fathurahman F , Basri Z , Poulsen A D 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Research on gingers and their traditional uses by three different indigenous ethnic groups at Lore Lindu National Park, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia was carried out from February to June 2018. The objectives of the research was to gain information about the diversity of the family Zingiberaceae and its traditional uses by the Topo Baria, Toi Toro Muma and To Kaili Ledo people. Key informants were traditional healers (sando), traditional leaders (adat), community leaders, village leaders, religion leaders, government officers and crafts-people. The interviews were recorded using audio recorders and notebooks. Samples of plants were collected and photographed while recording the information. Response was obtained by “Snowball technique”. A total of 24 species of Zingiberaceae were used of which 19 were determined to species level. Eight species were collected from natural forest, while 14 were recorded from agricultural habitat. Four of the species were endemic to Sulawesi (Alpinia eremochlamys, A. rubricaulis, Etlingera acanthodes and E. flexuosa). Fourteen species were not native to Sulawesi but widely cultivated in the region. The information about the uses by the Topo Baria was not adequate whereas the contrary the Toi Toro Muma and To Kaili Ledo used several species for various daily purposes, such as medicine, spice, cosmetics, ornamentals, or to be eat freshly.
Acute toxicity test and LC50 value of mercury on tubifex tubifex
Authors: Widiastuti I M , Hertika A M S , Musa M , Arfiati D 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Mercury is a heavy metal that has the highest toxicity. The toxicity of mercury will increase at the time of entry into the water. This study aims to determine the percentage of death Tubifex tubifex exposed to HgCl2 and determine LC50-48 hours of mercury in Tubifex tubifex worms. The study was divided into two stages, preliminary test and definitive toxicity acute test (LC50-48 h). Concentrations are used to test toxicities on a logarithmic scale. Observations were made every 24 hours for 48 hours. Mercury was detected by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) method. The results showed that the increase in Tubifex tubifex mortality was directly proportional to the increase in HgCl2 concentration. The use of probit obtained LC50-48 h at a mercury concentration of 83.15 ± 3.89 μg / L, can be categorized into heavy metals with high toxicity. The tendency of toxicity decreases with the length of exposure time.
The ability to adapt for ex situ conservation of anoa (Bubalus sp) through regulation of feeding pattern
Authors: Rusiyantono Y , Mumu M I , Duma Y 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Anoa was an endemic animal in Central Sulawesi that has to be conserved. The aim of this research is to know an ability of adaptation anoa in ex situ conservation. This research used anoa come from natural habitats. Anoa has been domesticated with regulation of feeding. The first pattern, anoa gave feeding legume and grass. The second pattern, anoa gave feeding concentrate, legume and grass. The result showed anoa has ability to adapt with new environment. Based of observation on general behaviours, feeding behavior and normal frequency of respiration. The numbers of leucocyts (6500 cells) showed that there was no under pressure of environment to this creature. On the other hand, anoa showed no indication of stress with no disturbing for its environment. Daily average weight gain of male anoa was greater than female (0.055/kg/day and .045 kg/day, respectively). The addition of concentrate as a feeding gave positive result to get daily weight gain that were 0.061 kg and 0.055 kg, for male and female, respectively. In conclusion, anoa has ability for adaptation on conservation ex situ area.
Morphometric and geological features of potential karst depressions in Kanthan limestone formation, Malaysia
Authors: Zabidi H , Khalil N L , Anua N E Q M , Suri S 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In Malaysia, limestones extensively outcrops in the northern half of Peninsular Malaysia, such as in Langkawi Islands, northern Perlis, Kinta Valley in Perak, southern Kelantan and Kuala Lumpur Valley in Selangor. Although these limestone formations vary considerably in geological age and tectonic setting they are very similar in chemical composition; being dense, recrystallized, and massive varieties of limestone with little impurity; these are more likely to develop large caverns within them. Currently, most of these limestones are continuously quarrying for the production of dimension stone, aggregate resources, and raw materials for cement industries, part of urban development infrastructure and could be foreseen as future potential reservoirs of high-quality groundwater. Nonetheless, the fragility of karst environments makes it highly vulnerable to a variety of different geological hazards. The aim of this study is to determine the geohazard susceptibility of karst depressions in Kinta Valley, Ipoh using morphometric measurement and joints properties calculations. The joint properties calculate include spacing, roughness, aperture, persistence, infilling and weathering. This study describes the field data measurements of few quarries in Kinta Valley, Ipoh to examine the morphometric and geological features of limestone karst in the area. The effect of geologic evolution, structural properties and hydrogeologic variables on the geomorphologic and spatial distribution of karst depressions are discussed in this study.
Analysis of shear wave velocity on rocks using microtremor refraction method (ReMi) in Watatu Village, South of Banawa, Donggala Regency
Authors: Sandra  , Simanna L , Jamidun  , Efendi R , Abdullah  
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The analysis of shear wave velocity on rocks in Watatu, South of Banawa, Donggala Regency using Microtremor Refraction Method (ReMi) has been conducted. The purpose of this research is to analyze the propagation velocity of shear wave on rocks layers up to 30 m in depth and to know the type of rock layer profiles in the study location. The method used was Microtremor Refraction using Surface Wave Analysis Wizard software and WaveEq software. The results showed that the rocks of trajectory 1 and trajectory 3 were classified into type E soft soil type with the respective including Vs30 values of 127.8 m/s for trajectory 1 and 98.9 m/s for trajectory 3. Then for trajectory 2 and trajectory 4 are classified into D type rocks i.e medium soil types with Vs30 values respectively on Track 2 of 235.1 m / s and for Lane 4 of 196.9 m/s.
Identification of hydrothermal deposit mineralized zones using the induced polarization method in Kasihan Area, Pacitan, East Java
Authors: Asrafil  , Suyanto I , Rugayya S 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The research area is one of the areas that have potential of hydrothermal deposit mineralization in Pacitan regency. This research aims to identify the presence of hydrothermal deposit mineralized zones through geophysical exploration by using induced polarization method in the study area. The induced polarization method is used to obtain anomalies in the form of contrast of resistivity and chargeability values in the study area. The results showed that the mineralized zones of hydrothermal deposit in the study area were characterized by significant anomaly contrast with the intensity of medium-high (> 100 Ωm) resistivity values associated with medium-value chargeability (20-50 ms). The association of resistivity and other chargeability values shows an intense alteration zone around the metal mineral deposits zone in the subsurface.
Petrography and ore mineral study at Beruang Kanan Site, Gunung Mas Regency, Central of Kalimantan Province
Authors: Anjarwati R , Idrus A , Setijadji L D 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The methodology mainly includes four parts: pre-field studies, field investigations, laboratory analysis, and data analysis and interpretation. Laboratory analysis to be carried out is petrographic analysis and ore microscope. Research methods relating to petrography analysis studies and ore mineral that will be evaluated for genetic models and the origin of copper deposition mineralization. The rock units in the study area are differentiated based on the type of lithology, uniformity of rocks, the distribution of rocks and rock geometry found in one region and the stratigraphic position of the units below it or above it. In general, the stratigraphy of the research area is divided into 3 rock units that can be seen on the geological map, sequences from old to young, namely lithology of Sandstone Unit, Dense Tuf Unit, and Andesite Unit. ore mineralization generally occurs as a massive form, vein. Pyrite, enargite, luzonite, sphalerite, covellite, chalcopyrite, tennatite and tetrahedtrite are common sulfides and sulfosal minerals
The integration of remote sensing and geoelectrical resistivity for identifying the distribution of groundwater potential in Palu City
Authors: Rusydi M , Basir-Cyio M , Efendi R , Ramaditya  , Rahmawati  , Maskur  , Nur R , Badaruddin  
Published: July 2019

AbstractGroundwater distribution is one of the factors that can support the development of a region, including Palu City, which is the Capital of the Central Sulawesi Province. This research was conducted to find out the distribution of the groundwater potential in Palu City. The parameters used in remote sensing data were based on geomorphological factors, fertility, and vegetation density. Geomorphology used DEM data from SRTM imagery, while vegetation fertility usedunsupervised classificationmethod, and vegetation density used the NDVI method. The weight test of the three factors was conducted using the AHP method. The parameters of the geoelectrical resistivity usedWennerandSchlumbergerconfigurations. In remote sensing, the weighting results obtained the vegetation fertility of 39, vegetation density of 33, and geomorphology of 16. The Geoelectrical resistivity obtained the resistivity value of rocks of 10 - 69.66 Ωm as a layer of groundwater potential distribution. The high distribution of groundwater potential is generally in the Palu valley, while the moderate distribution is in the eastern hills and a small part in the western hills and the low distribution is in the western hills and eastern part of Palu City.
Potential energy of photon passes through cold mirror on photovoltaic-thermoelectric generator with artificial lights radiation
Authors: Mustofa  , Syafaruddin  , Djafar Z , Piarah W H 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The amount of photon energy becomes a key parameter that determines the release of electron bonds which is often called a band-gap in photovoltaic cells (PV) to generate electricity. This paper presents the results of measurements of photon energy from radiation sources of artificial light Halogen, Incandescent and Xenon which aims to adjust the bad gap type of solar cell material. Simulations of measuring 50 watts of bulb radiation were carried out repeatedly with the Spectrometer sensor and the application software Spectragryph 1.2.8 on each electron Volt the bulb light. The incoming radiation form the bulb is concentrated with a Polymethylmetacrylate (PMMA) Fresnel lens with an optimal light transmission capability of 92%. The results of this light transmission will be divided after illuminating at the Cold mirror (CM) spectrum splitterr, partly reflected in the PV module and partially transmitted to the thermoelectric generator (TEG) in the PV-TEG hybrid. The measurement of photons leading to PV show values of 2.2 and 2.4 eV for Halogen with Cadmium Sulfide that match the band-gap for the photon’s energy. While the Incandescent photon energy, it is more suitable with PV material in Silicon, Germanium and Indium nitride. For Xenon, it gives the effect of releasing electrons bond to Cadmium sulfide and band gap which is below 2.42 eV, such as CdSe, InN and Si. The maximum light intensity reflected by CM is emitted by a Xenon bulb, then Halogen and the lowest is Incandescent (50> 40> 36) a.u., respectively. Meanwhile, the energy of the photons transmitted to the TEG module illustrates a different trend, where the best Halogen is followed by the lowest then Xenon incandescent.
Sodium bicarbonate treatment of coir fiber on wettability and shear strength of coir fiber-epoxy composite
Authors: Bakri  , Putra A E E , Renreng I , Arsyad H , Mochtar A A 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This research presented the influence of treated coir fiber with sodium bicarbonate on wettability and interfacial shear strength (IFSS) of coir fiber-epoxy composite. Coir fibers were immersed in the solution of sodium bicarbonate with three different densities (8wt%, 10wt%, and 12wt %) for 24 hours and 120 hours. Epoxy resin was utilized as a matrix of composite. Wettability and IFSS of coir fiber-matrix adhesion were evaluated. Fiber wettability to the matrix was performed by measuring the droplet contact angle. In addition, the IFSS of coir fiber - epoxy matrix was investigated by pull out method. The surface morphology of interfacial bonding between fiber and matrix after pull out testing was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that fiber surface wettability was influenced by sodium bicarbonate where the contact angle decrease after treatment. It suggests that good wetting of fiber and matrix. While the density of 12 wt% sodium bicarbonate for 120 hours possessed the highest interfacial shear strength of fiber-epoxy adhesion compared with other densities.
Android based rice pest detection system using learning vector quantization method
Authors: Budiman A , Utomo P , Rahayu S 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In Indonesia, rice was still an essential commodity. Aside from being a staple food producer of rice, as well as a primary source of livelihood for farmers. The problem often experienced by farmers was the threat of pest attack and cause massive losses; it could even lead to crop failures and harm the farmers. During this time to suppress the attacks of pest, farmers give pesticides which if it handles inappropriate would interfere with health. The best solution was to make detection system of pest attacks so could minimise the pest aggression. The limited knowledge and skills of farmers in the detection of rice crops made farmers prefer to spray pesticides. To facilitate farmers in detecting pest attacks, developed Android-based applications that were simple and easy to use device directly in the field using smartphone devices and Learning Vector Quantization (LVQ) Method. Farmers could use the application by taking pictures of rice plants that allegedly exposed to attacks with smartphones. The app would recommend alternative solutions to pest-infected plants without the use of pesticides.
Genetic diversity of Indonesian soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) germplasm based on morphological and microsatellite markers
Authors: Sulistyo A , Indriani F C , Mejaya M J , Sugiharto A N , Agranoff J 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Genetic diversity on soybean germplasm will determine the success of the soybean breeding program. The purpose of this research was to study the diversity of Indonesian soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) germplasm based on agronomic traits and microsatellite markers in order to know the genetic relationship among the accessions. Genetic material used was 45 soybean accessions consisting of 14 genotypes introduced from nine countries, 26 landrace from 10 provinces in Indonesia, and five Indonesian high yield varieties. Morphological characterization performed on nine qualitative and four quantitative traits. The genetic relationships were estimated using three SSR markers. The results showed that cluster analysis based on agronomic traits clearly separate the soybean accessions of black seeds into one group with genetic distance range from 0.61 to 1. Other groups for accessions with yellow, green-yellowish and brown seed have genetic distance ranging from 0.46 to 1. Based on microsatellite markers, three primers showed polymorphism banding pattern. The number of alleles that are formed these three primers between four and five alleles with sizes ranged from 200 bp to 800 bp. Cluster analysis based on microsatellites markers showed that the genetic distance of 45 accessions ranged from 0.61 to 1.
A review: Biomass-based fuel pellet usage in biomass gasifier-an optimization on non-wood material
Authors: Andriani D , Atmaja T D , Arifin M , Rajani A , Kusnadi  
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Biomass gasifier is one of many trends in sustainable energy exploration to compete with solar and wind. The fuel was commonly dominated by wood-based pellet which has high-quality parameters such as pellet size, pellet durability, tar content, heating value, and ash content. However, non-wood fuel sources should also be considered since they have readability and no less quality parameter. This study was conducted to select and analyze the non-wood materials which are capable of fueling biomass gasifier. Shell pellet, wheat straw pellet, and miscanthus pellets were analyzed in this study to be attributed in a certain treatment. The treatments were included size reduction, gas heating, increasing durability, and ash content. The treatments have been proven to enhance the quality parameter of non-wood pellet. This result had ensured the improvement of biomass gasifier for no longer depending on wood pellet.
Effect of phosphoric acid pretreatment on characterization of gelatin from broiler chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus L.) bones
Authors: Yuliani D , Maunatin A , Jannah A , Fauziyyah H H 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Broiler chicken [Gallus gallus domesticus (Linnaeus, 1758)] bone is one of the alternative sources of collagen to form gelatin. This research was attempted to extract and characterize broiler chicken bone gelatin. Chicken bones were pretreated with phosphoric acid in various concentrations and curing times. The concentration of phosphoric acid was 8 %, 9 % and 10 %, while the curing time was 12 h and 24 h. Then, gelatin was extracted and physicochemical properties examined. Gelatin was pretreated by phosphoric acid 9 % for 24 h produced the best physicochemical properties with (15.4 ± 0.94) % of yield. Moisture, ash content, and pH of chicken bones gelatin were (3.96 ± 1.46) %, (24.0 ± 6.36) %, and (5.74 ± 0.003) %, respectively. Other physiochemical properties were (372.29 ± 4.62) g bloom of gel strength, (54.21 ± 1.24) % of protein content, and (60.21 ± 0.72) % of emulsion stability. Infrared spectra of chicken bones gelatin had the most with vibration peak at the wave number of 1 639 cm −1 to the amide I, of 1 545 cm −1 to the amide II, of 1 129 cm −1 to the amide III, of 2 292 cm −1 to the amide B, and 3 456 cm −1 to the amide A.
Long-term Proton Pump Inhibitors induces recurrent Urinary Tract Infections: A case study
Authors: Cokro F , Arrang S T 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
A 28 y.o. woman with dyspepsia had been taking proton pump inhibitor (PPI) for about seven months. After that, she experienced recurrent urinary tract infections (UTI), which she never experienced before. There was three episodes of UTI requiring antibiotic occurred, those are in January 2017, February 2017, and May 2017. During those episodes, she took once to twice daily dose of PPI regularly due to dyspepsia which she had experienced since July 2016. After stopping the PPI medication in August 2017, she had no single episodes of UTI (until June 2018). Based on patient prognosis in this case, there might be possibility that the patient developed recurrent UTI after long-term use of PPI. The mechanism is unclear but it seems that PPI induced hypomagnesemia, and then influences immune system, causing urinary tract infections.