bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fiscal decentralization in Korea
Authors: Cho Im Gon 
Published: June 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to make policy recommendations for the current fiscal decentralization discussion by examining the operating mechanisms of local taxes, unconditional grants, and conditional grants within the fiscal relationships between the national government and local governments in Korea.

Design/methodology/approach
After examining the current fiscal relationships between the national government and the local governments, this paper analyzes trends of local taxes, unconditional grants from both national and high-level local governments, and conditional grants from both national and high-level (or provincial level) local governments between 2002 and 2015. Local governments are classified into high-level local governments, and three types of low-level local governments are: si, kun, and ku.

Findings
Since the structure of local government finances in Korea is very complicatedly intertwined, the present decentralization discussion regarding increasing the share of local tax revenues may not achieve its purpose of fiscal decentralization. The authorities in charge of revenue allocation should be first decentralized at high-level local governments; high-level local governments should then arrange unconditional and conditional grants from high-level local governments to low-level local governments while taking into consideration unconditional and conditional grants from the national government to low-level governments.

Originality/value
The dichotomy between the central government and local municipalities has been utilized in the existing discussion regarding fiscal decentralization in Korea, but this study highlights the important resource allocation roles of high-level local governments.
Agile manufacturing and business performance
Authors: Nabass Esraa Hussein , Abdallah Ayman Bahjat 
Published: June 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of agile manufacturing (AM) on business performance and operational performance (OP) dimensions in manufacturing companies in Jordan. It also explores the indirect effect of AM on business performance through OP dimensions of cost, quality, delivery and flexibility.

Design/methodology/approach
The study analyzes survey data collected from 282 manufacturing companies from different industries in Jordan. Validity and reliability analyses were performed using SPSS and Amos, and the research hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling.

Findings
The results demonstrated that AM positively and directly affected business performance. It also positively affected OP dimensions of quality, delivery and flexibility. However, cost performance was not significantly affected by AM. In addition, quality performance and flexibility performance fully mediated the relationship between AM and business performance, whereas cost performance and delivery performance did not show mediating effects.

Originality/value
To the best of the knowledge, this is the first study that investigates the mediating effects of OP dimensions on the relationship between AM and business performance. In addition, a limited number of previous studies investigated the performance outcomes of AM. Furthermore, this area is under-investigated in the Middle East in general and in Jordan in particular.
Open innovation platforms in tourism: how do stakeholders engage and reach consensus?
Authors: Lalicic Lidija 
Published: June 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to visualize the communication processes between stakeholders who discuss, reach consensus and engage with user-generated ideas through an open innovation platform facilitated by Destination Management Organization (DMO).

Design/methodology/approach
Various discussion and interaction styles between the different types of stakeholders on the innovation platform are analyzed using quantitative content analysis. Likewise, perceived issues among the stakeholders that motivate collaboration and consensus are identified.

Findings
This paper identifies that stakeholders interact with each other, reach agreements and solve joint problems on the platform by using predominantly constructive interaction styles. Meanwhile, feasibility and strategic issues appear to be the most dominant topics when discussing the fruition of ideas; however, this depends significantly on the category of the idea.

Practical implications
DMOs are given an understanding of why and how stakeholders engage with a certain idea and the kind of challenges they perceive when pursuing the execution of an idea. DMOs are advised to carefully design an open innovation platform to facilitate effective online discussions that may lead to working groups.

Originality/value
There is a scarcity of approaches in the field of tourism that invite stakeholders to innovate. This study aims to close this gap in tourism research by identifying how and which stakeholders respond to an invitation from a DMO to engage in an open innovation platform and, subsequently, how they interact with other partners to foster collaborative innovation projects in their destination.
HR outsourcing in small and medium-sized enterprises
Authors: Wallo Andreas , Kock Henrik 
Published: June 2018

Purpose
Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are increasingly outsourcing human resource (HR) activities to outside labour market intermediaries. In this paper, the focus is on a specific type of labour market intermediary, the HR intermediary (HRI). The purpose of this paper is to describe and discuss SME outsourcing of HR services to membership-based HRIs, and potential problems and benefits that may arise in this process.

Design/methodology/approach
The empirical foundation comprises case studies of three Swedish HRIs and 12 of their SME clients. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and a document study.

Findings
The findings show that social aspects such as trust, shared values, communication and commitment are crucial characteristics of the cooperation between HRIs and SMEs. These social aspects are a result of the owner/membership structure, and a distinguishing feature of the studied HRIs in comparison to other types of labour market intermediaries.

Research limitations/implications
The results of the study underline the need for increased research related to the intermediary concept and its meanings in different contexts. There is also a need for more empirical research on HRIs, e.g. comparisons between different types of HRIs, and studies of the emergence of virtual intermediaries. Future studies should focus on the role of LMIs and HRIs in regional development processes.

Practical implications
Companies that interact with HRIs should reflect on the different pros and cons that this cooperation may result in, both in the short term and in the longer term.

Originality/value
The study provides an enhanced understanding regarding the relations between SMEs and HRIs, based on the two broad types of SMEs (with low/high internal HR skills) and two types of HRIs (with short/long-term orientation).
Measuring the sustainability of Latin American capital cities
Authors: Coronado Francisco 
Published: June 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study the living conditions in ten capital cities in Latin America to propose indicators that could help to quantify the sustainability of those capital cities, and its impact over the competitiveness of a country.

Design/methodology/approach
It is proposed a linear model summing the score of ten quantifiable indicators and according with the result categorize the capitals as “sustainable city,” “weak sustainability” and “threatened sustainability.”

Findings
There is a good relationship between the sustainability of the city and the competitiveness of the country. This is the case of Mexico City, Buenos Aires, Santiago, followed by Lima, La Paz and Bogotá a similar result to the rank obtained by Mckinsey Global Institute (2011a, b). It is found that the four capitals categorized as “sustainable” have the highest potable water production, but it was not define a direct correlation between a country’s competitiveness and the development of important medium-sized cities.

Research limitations/implications
Limited availability of comparable information for the capital cities.

Practical implications
The results identified the need to improve specific services and conditions of the inhabitants.

Social implications
The capital cities concentrate the majority of the population of the countries reaching one-third of the total in four out of the ten cities evaluated.

Originality/value
The study presents selected indicators not in use to classify the cities sustainability.
The impact of carer status on participation in healthy activity and self‐reported health among Australian women over 50 years
Authors: Farrugia Teagan , Hewitt Alana , Bourke‐Taylor Helen , Joosten Annette V. 
Published: June 2018

Background/aimOccupational therapists frequently work with carers and their family member who requires direct services. In Australia, women provide the majority of informal care. Carer status is determined by the provision of informal help or supervision to an older person, or a person with a disability or long‐term health condition. Caregiving responsibilities can impact mental and physical health and reduce women's participation in leisure activities and the labour force. The aim of the study was to examine differences in the participation of Australian women, aged 50 years and over, with and without caregiving responsibilities, in self‐selected health promoting activities, self‐reported mental health and participation in physical activity.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study investigated Australian women (N = 157) who completed a survey comprising demographic questions, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales‐21 (DASS‐21), International Physical Activity Questionnaire‐Short Form (IPAQ‐SF) and the Health Promoting Activities Scale (HPAS). Differences between carers and non‐carers in participation in health promoting activities, mental health, physical activity and labour force participation were investigated using Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis tests.ResultsCarers reported significantly lower participation in health promoting activities (P < 0.001), vigorous physical activity (P = 0.001) and moderate physical activity (P = 0.009). Carers also reported significantly higher responses than non‐carers, in symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress (P < 0.001). Carers were significantly more likely than non‐carers to be engaged in part‐time employment, with 37% of carers employed part‐time and 44% of carers not working.ConclusionThese findings indicate significant differences between women with and without caregiving responsibilities and their participation in health promoting activities, self‐reported mental health, participation in physical activity and the labour force. Carers may benefit from occupational therapy that recognises the important role of carers in the life of their family member and supports carer's health and participation in health promoting activities.
Barriers and enablers to aligning rehabilitation goals to patient life roles following acquired brain injury
Authors: Sansonetti Danielle , Nicks Rebecca J. , Unsworth Carolyn 
Published: June 2018

Background/aimLife roles are integral to occupational therapy practice. Goal setting is a method of establishing priorities to measure outcomes. While acquired brain injury can impact a person's ability to fulfil meaningful life roles, the alignment of goals set in rehabilitation to life roles, is unclear. This study aimed to (i) explore the alignment of goals with life roles for people with an acquired brain injury participating in inpatient rehabilitation; and (ii) identify barriers and enablers to life role discussions within a patient‐directed goal setting framework.MethodA mixed‐methods study was conducted on an inpatient rehabilitation unit in Victoria, Australia. Quantitative data were obtained from a retrospective file audit of randomly selected medical records. Qualitative data were collected through: a) interviews with patients and their families; and b) A focus group with occupational therapists. Thematic analysis of both audit data and narrative data was undertaken.ResultsThirty files were examined and demonstrated 33% alignment between goals and life roles. Four interviews were completed with patients, with a family member participating in two of these. Themes identified were: readiness, role concept, recovery concept and goal review. Five therapists attended the focus group. Themes identified were: Patient factors, goal review, expectations, role change and environment. Interview and focus group data identified that barriers to life role discussions included: lack of patient and family readiness, patients’ difficulty understanding role concept, focus on impairments and lack of family/ significant others support. Enablers included: having early conversations involving family, regular goal review and use of standardised tools.ConclusionGoal setting in alignment with life roles is important in acquired brain injury rehabilitation, but may be limited. This process can be enhanced by including patients and their significant others in early goal setting conversations, along with regular goal review across the rehabilitation process.
Extensive nitrification and active ammonia oxidizers in two contrasting coastal systems of the Baltic Sea
Authors: Happel Elisabeth , Bartl Ines , Voss Maren , Riemann Lasse 
Published: June 2018

SummaryNitrification is important in nitrogen (N) cycling of aquatic environments, but knowledge about its regulation and importance is sparse. Here we examined nitrification and ammonia oxidizers in the Baltic Sea. We investigated two sites with different catchment characteristics (agricultural and forest), the Bay of Gdánsk (south) and the Öre Estuary (north), and measured pelagic nitrification rates and abundance, composition and expression of ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) genes. Highest nitrification rates were found in the nutrient rich Bay of Gdańsk. Interestingly, abundances of ammonia‐oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB) were orders of magnitude lower than reported from other sites. Although AOA were most abundant at both sites, the highest expression levels were from AOB. Interestingly, few AOA and AOB taxa dominated amoA gene expression, with a Nitrosomarinus related phylotype showing widespread expression. AOA and AOB communities differed between sites and depths, respectively, with the composition in rivers being distinct. A storm event, causing an even depth distribution of nitrification and particles in the Bay of Gdańsk, indicated that the presence of particles stimulate nitrification. The study highlights coastal regions as dynamic sites of extensive pelagic nitrification, which may affect local food web dynamics and loss of N mediated by denitrification.
Low‐Carbon Gentrification: When Climate Change Encounters Residential Displacement
Authors: Bouzarovski Stefan , Frankowski Jan , Tirado Herrero Sergio 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis article focuses on the emergence of ‘low‐carbon’ gentrification as a distinct urban phenomenon, a process that we see as the outcome of efforts to change the social and spatial composition of urban districts under the pretext of responding to climate change and energy efficiency imperatives. The article develops a conceptual framework for scrutinizing low‐carbon gentrification, predicated upon insights from literatures on ecological gentrification and displacement. It documents the existence of an ‘eco‐social paradox’ associated with new patterns of socio‐spatial segregation and energy efficiency retrofits. We interrogate the discursive and policy frameworks, socio‐spatial implications and political contestations of low‐carbon gentrification. Evidence is drawn from case study research in an inner‐city district of the Polish city of Gdańsk, where such processes have been unfolding since 2006 due to the implementation of a targeted urban regeneration programme. This investigation is positioned within a wider analysis of secondary written sources about similar developments in other geographical contexts across Europe and North America, where anecdotal evidence suggests that low‐carbon gentrification may be widespread and common.
The new EU Conflict Minerals Regulation: Normative Power in International Relations?
Authors: Partzsch Lena 
Published: June 2018

AbstractOver the last few years, European NGOs were very successful in raising awareness about international trade in minerals funding armed conflicts around the world. In May 2017, after more than three years of negotiation, the European Union signed the new Conflict Minerals Regulation. At first glance, this Regulation demonstrates ‘ethical’ or ‘normative’ power: The EU uses its commercial power to promote norms of international peace and security, accepting prospectively higher prices for imports of minerals. The Regulation also supports a re‐centring of the state after two and a half decades of economic liberalization. However, the EU only follows and lags behind the 2010 US Dodd‐Frank Act section 1502. The article shows that the EU does not reject collective norms, but is incapable or unwilling to put a tight rein on domestic businesses. The new EU Conflict Minerals Regulation stands only for symbolic normative power.
Intrapleural combination therapy with lobaplatin and erythromycin for non‐small cell lung cancer‐mediated malignant pleural effusion
Authors: Xu Lisheng , Wang Benjie , Gao Meimei , Zhang Yan , Qi Qian , Li Tao , Li Caiyu , Wang Aihua , Li Yu 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundMalignant pleural effusion is a common complication of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, treatment options remain limited. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of sequential intrapleural therapy with lobaplatin and erythromycin for NSCLC‐mediated malignant pleural effusion.MethodsFifty‐six patients with NSCLC complicated with malignant pleural effusion were recruited for a prospective single‐arm study from December 2014 to 2016; one patient dropped out. In addition to conventional systemic chemotherapy, lobaplatin and erythromycin were intrapleurally injected into subjects. Short and long‐term responses were analyzed. The concentration of ultrafilterable platinum in the pleural effusion and plasma were detected at different time points. Incidences of severe adverse reactions were observed.ResultsIn the 55 evaluable patients, the effective rate of pleural effusion was 81.8% after six weeks of treatment. Six and twelve months after treatment, the effective rates were 60% and 21.8%, respectively, and the one‐year survival rate was 83.6%. The concentrations of lobaplatin in pleural effusion and plasma two hours after injecting 50 mg lobaplatin into the thoracic cavity were 13.763 ± 1.523 μg/mL and 1.120 ± 0.164 μg/mL, and 17 hours later were 1.961 ± 0.351 μg/mL and 0.578 ± 0.095 μg/mL, respectively. The rate of severe adverse reactions of the first cycle of systemic chemotherapy combined with lobaplatin and erythromycin did not significantly differ from the rate in the second cycle.ConclusionIntrapleural combination therapy with lobaplatin and erythromycin is a safe and efficient treatment for patients with NSCLC‐mediated malignant pleural effusion.
Nimotuzumab combined with chemotherapy as first‐line treatment for advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Si Xiaoyan , Wu Shafei , Wang Hanping , Zhang Xiaotong , Wang Mengzhao , Zeng Xuan , Zhang Li 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundThis study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of nimotuzumab combined with chemotherapy as first‐line therapy in advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC), and to explore predictive biomarkers of the efficacy of nimotuzumab.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted of patients with advanced LSCC administered nimotuzumab combined with chemotherapy as first‐line therapy from June 2012 to December 2016 at the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital. The associations between EGFR expression, EGFR gene copy numbers, and clinical efficacy were detected by immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).ResultsTwenty‐six patients were enrolled, including 22 men and 4 women. The objective response rate was 50% and the disease control rate was 100%. The median progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival were 6.7 and 16.3 months, respectively. Patients whose samples were tested via FISH and showed positive EGFR expression had a trend of longer median PFS (10.0 months; P = 0.10). Adverse effects included 15 cases (57.7%) of bone marrow suppression, 15 (57.7%) of sensory neuropathy, 14 (53.8%) of alopecia, nine (34.6%) of nausea/vomiting and one case (3.8%) of elevated creatinine level. All adverse effects were attributed to chemotherapy.ConclusionNimotuzumab combined with chemotherapy might be a possible option as first‐line therapy in patients with advanced LSCC. EGFR gene copy number examined by FISH might be a possible predictive biomarker.
How to best threshold and validate stacked species assemblages? Community optimisation might hold the answer
Authors: Scherrer Daniel , D'Amen Manuela , Fernandes Rui F. , Mateo Rubén G. , Guisan Antoine 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

The popularity of species distribution models (SDMs) and the associated stacked species distribution models (S‐SDMs), as tools for community ecologists, largely increased in recent years. However, while some consensus was reached about the best methods to threshold and evaluate individual SDMs, little agreement exists on how to best assemble individual SDMs into communities, that is, how to build and assess S‐SDM predictions.

Here, we used published data of insects and plants collected within the same study region to test (a) if the most established thresholding methods to optimize single species prediction are also the best choice for predicting species assemblage composition, or if community‐based thresholding can be a better alternative, and (b) whether the optimal thresholding method depends on taxa, prevalence distribution and/or species richness. Based on a comparison of different evaluation approaches, we provide guidelines for a robust community cross‐validation framework, to use if spatial or temporal independent data are unavailable.

Our results showed that the selection of the “optimal” assembly strategy mostly depends on the evaluation approach rather than taxa, prevalence distribution, regional species pool or species richness. If evaluated with independent data or reliable cross‐validation, community‐based thresholding seems superior compared to single species optimisation. However, many published studies did not evaluate community projections with independent data, often leading to overoptimistic community evaluation metrics based on single species optimisation.

The fact that most of the reviewed S‐SDM studies reported over‐fitted community evaluation metrics highlights the importance of developing clear evaluation guidelines for community models. Here, we move a first step in this direction, providing a framework for cross‐validation at the community level.