bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
V. K. Lypynsky’s sociological thought: constitutional state, hetmanat, the grainproducing class
Authors: Ніколенко В. В. 
Published: September 2019

The article presents the sociological aspects of the scientific heritage of V. K. Lipinsky. Emphasis is placed on the great theoretical and practical contribution of V. K. Lipinsky to the processes of creating an independent Ukrainian state. The priority attention of the scientist to the use of sociological, political, and historical methods of scientific knowledge is noted. Certain research questions that were in the center of his attention are underlined, namely: the effective construction of state institutions; consolidation and solidarity of the Ukrainian society; patriotism education; development of traditions of the Ukrainian Cossacks; compromise interaction; the social significance of common historical experience; respect for human dignity; guaranteeing the rights and freedoms of the average citizen, as well as effective local self-government, social harmony and understanding, the development of civil and military institutions. It was noted that, in the opinion of V. K. Lipinsky, the integrating function, primarily the consolidation and solidarity of various social groups of the population into the Ukrainian political nation, is able to realize with the help of the legal hetman state; national elite; Ukrainian culture; Ukrainian state language, as well as the development of a class of grain growers, that is, free, enterprising people who effectively work on their own land. The active sociopolitical activity of V.K. Lipinsky, in particular, as one of the organizers of the Ukrainian Democratic Party of grain-growers, was recorded. The functioning of the party focused on the solution of the social contradictions of the whole society, and above all the peasants. It is emphasized that the scientist was constantly looking for ways to solve the problems of the impoverishment of the Ukrainian village, the lack of effective rural education, the lack of full attention to the professional activities of the rural teacher. At the same time, the main directions of modernization of Ukrainian society are presented, taking into account the modernization experience of successful countries of Western Europe and North America. It is noted that the practical paradigm consisting of at least three phenomena has become the basis for effective transformations: 1) the relevance (dichotomy) of the economic and social; 2) internal locus of psychological control of the average citizen; 3) the presence of European emancipative values in the public space.
Formulaic metadiscursive signalling devices in judgments of the Court of Justice of the European Union
Authors: McAuliffe Karen , Trklja Aleksandar 
Published: September 2019

This paper investigates how paragraph initial metadiscursive lexical items serve as signalling devices in text organisation of judgments of the Court of Justice of the European Union (ECJ). The results of that investigation demonstrate that those metadiscursive items both shape a particular method of reasoning used by the ECJ, and have an impact on how readers process those texts. Based on assumptions grounded in linguistics/legal linguistics that legal language is formulaic and repetitive in nature, the paper focuses on the use of repetitive items in ECJ judgments that perform metadiscursive rather than legal functions. Such items play a crucial role in the presentation of reasoning in judgments by signalling when and how various types of information occur in a discourse. The paper builds on established work in the field of linguistics that claims that legal reasoning can be understood from the utterances used in a text (Crystal and Davy, 1969), but importantly also considers the context in which judgments of the ECJ are produced and applied. Demonstrating the impact of language patterns on the legal reasoning of the ECJ is an inherently interdisciplinary exercise that involves the exploration of the cognitive dimension of the process. Thus, this paper contextualises the findings of the linguistic analysis carried out within the unique multilingual setting of the ECJ, using Koestler's theory of creativity and cognitive theories of text processing as the basis of analysis. The analysis leads to the conclusion that not only do language patterns found in ECJ judgments shape the method of reasoning used by that Court, but also that those judgments are made up of ‘almost wholly automised’ sub-codes of grammar and syntax. This conclusion supports claims made in law and language studies and among EU law practitioners that ECJ judgments are created in a ‘lego-building block’ fashion. The linguistic research carried out here can thus be used to triangulate results of research from other fields to allow a more holistic understanding of supranational adjudication in the EU context to be developed. This in turn can offer new ways for understanding how a multilingual legal order functions, as well as allowing researchers to work towards limiting inconsistencies arising in such a legal order.
Prevalencia del síndrome de Burnout en médicos iberoamericanos entre 2012 y 2018: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Cobo Molina Natalia , Álvarez Mena Jessica , Parra Osorio Liliana , Gómez Salazar Lessby , Acosta Fernández Martín 
Published: September 2019

El síndrome de Burnout cada vez es más frecuente en los trabajadores de la salud manifestándose con agotamiento emocional, despersonalización y baja realización personal, lo que afecta su labor, desempeño y la calidad del servicio prestado. Este estudio tiene como objetivo realizar una revisión sistemática-exploratoria del síndrome de Burnout en médicos durante los últimos siete años (2012-2018) en Iberoamérica, y para ello se realizó una revisión sistemática en 6 bases de datos (Redalyc, Scielo, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Medline y EBSCO) con los siguientes criterios de inclusión: artículos publicados en idioma español, inglés o portugués; médicos residentes, especialistas o generales; revistas indizadas; estudios transversales o descriptivos correlacionales; población mayor a 70 médicos, y estudios que implementaran el Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) (Maslach & Jackson,1986) como método estandarizado. El instrumento de recolección utilizado fue la matriz de revisión documental, de la que resultaron seleccionados 52 artículos y de los cuales 23 cumplieron con los requisitos (anexo A: médicos generales, anexo B: médicos residentes; anexo C: médicos especialistas; y anexo D: médicos sin especificar). El país con más estudios fue México, seguido de Brasil y Colombia. Predominó el género masculino, ya que en este hay prevalencia general del síndrome con resultados por dimensiones del MBI-HSS, en niveles de alto, medio o bajo; así, para el estudio se destararon únicamente los resultados significativos en alguna de sus tres dimensiones.
En los artículos seleccionados se encontró que sí existe prevalencia (45,88 %) alta en agotamiento emocional y despersonalización y baja en realización personal en los médicos residentes. Este fenómeno se observó especialmente en el género masculino, y estaba correlacionado con las variables más significativas, como cursar segundo y tercer año de residencia, ser extranjero y estar cursando una residencia en especialidades quirúrgicas. De igual manera, los hallazgos muestran la vulnerabilidad en la que se encuentran médicos de padecer el síndrome de Burnout. Es por esto que este tema merece otros estudios para tratar su prevalencia y correlación con las variables, indagar la validez del MBI-HSS en nuestro contexto laboral e incentivar en la creación de un manual guía que ayude a la prevención y el afrontamiento del síndrome.
PPAR γ agonist, pioglitazone, suppresses melanoma cancer in mice by inhibiting TLR4 signaling
Authors: Dana Nasim , Vaseghi Golnaz , Haghjooy javanmard Shaghayegh 
Published: September 2019

Background: Although previous studies demonstrated an anticancer effect for the ligands of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) through activation of its anti-inflammatory responses, nevertheless the anti-tumor mechanism of PPARγ has not been intensively investigated. One of the molecules involved in cancer progression is toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4).Methods: B16F10 melanoma cells were cultured with or without LPS for 24 hr. The cells were subcutaneously injected to two groups of C57BL/6 mice. After the development of palpable tumors each group of animals were divide to four sub-groups and received pioglitazone in different dose ranges (0,10,50,100 mg/kg/day) for 10 days. At the end of the study, the expression of Tlr4, Myd-88, Nf-kb1 genes was evaluated by qRT-PCR in different groups in mice tumor. The TLR-4 protein expression was evaluated by IHC. TNF-α level in mice tumor and serum were measured by ELISA kits. Tumor volume was measured with Vernier calipers.Results: We observed that activation of PPARγ by its agonist, pioglitazone, reduces tumor volume, Tlr-4, Myd-88, Nf-kb1 mRNA expression, TLR4 protein expression and TNF-α production in melanoma tumor especially in groups that were injected with LPS –stimulated cells. Moreover, treatment of melanoma cells with pioglitazone showed that the inhibitory effects of pioglitazone on LPS-induced inflammatory responses were TLR4 dependent.Conclusions: The results indicate that pioglitazone, a PPARγ agonist, has a beneficial protective effect against melanoma via interfering with the TLR4-dependent signaling pathways.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MINERAL CONTENT OF SIDAT FISH MEAT (ANGUILLA MARMORATA QUOY GAIMARD) ON YELLOW EEL PHASE FROM PALU RIVER AND LAKE POSO
Authors: Jamaluddin Jamaluddin , Agustinus Widodo 
Published: September 2019

<em><span>Eel fish (Anguilla marmorata Quoy Gaimard) is one of the strategic commodities to be developed because it has high nutritional value such as protein, fatty acid, vitamins and minerals. Minerals are one of the nutrients the body needs for the body's physiological processes. This study aims to determine the amount and mineral content of eel meat Anguilla marmorata Quoy Gaimard) originating from the river Palu and lake Poso. Sampling was done by Purposive sampling method based on type, weight 35-40 gram, size 300-450 mm and location of taking. Mineral testing on eel meat using laboratory experimental with Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results showed that the mineral content contained in yellow eel fish from Palu river contain</span><span lang="EN-US">s</span><span> potassium 1,519 mg/kg, magnesium 203 mg/kg, zinc 11,2 mg/kg, </span><span lang="EN-US">and </span><span>mercury 0,129 mg/kg; and </span><span lang="EN-US">from the </span><span> Poso lake contain</span><span lang="EN-US">s</span><span> potassium 1,360 mg/kg, magnesium 179 mg/kg, </span><span lang="EN-US">and </span><span>strontium 1.32 mg/kg. Based on this study can be concluded that there is influence the location again</span><span lang="EN-US">s</span><span>t the amount of mineral content.</span></em>
Examination of the Structural Validity of the Clinical Learning Environment Inventory Using Exploratory Factor Analysis
Authors: Hudacek Sharon S. , DiMattio Mary Jane K. , Schnell Audrey , Lovecchio Catherine P. 
Published: September 2019

Background and PurposeThis study tested the psychometrics of the Clinical Learning Environment Inventory (CLEI—actual version), a tool designed to measure the perceptions of nursing students' clinical learning. The developer of the CLEI did not report structural validity.MethodExploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed using data from 311 licensure nursing students to assess the CLEI's proposed dimensions or structural validity.ResultsThe Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin (KMO) test indicated acceptable sampling adequacy. Analysis of four different models, while retaining items with factor loadings >0.35, resulted in a four-factor solution with 32 items. The factors were renamed: Concern for Student Welfare (the highest weighted factor); Organized/Effective Teaching; Enjoyment of Clinical Learning; and Student Decision-Making.ConclusionsThis study suggests that the 32 item four-factor CLEI is sufficiently structurally valid and reliable for further testing.
From Policy to Practice: Women's Experiences of Breastfeeding-Friendly Worksites, Part 1
Authors: Cheyney Melissa , Henning Margaret , Horan Holly , Bovbjerg Marit L. , Ferguson Maryanne 
Published: September 2019

IntroductionBreastfeeding-friendly worksites are associated with longer breastfeeding durations, yet currently there is a dearth of research exploring women's experiences of workplace-based wellness programs designed to support continued lactation.MethodUsing semi-structured interviews with a voluntary sample of participants from one rural New England town (N = 18), we examined women's experiences of returning to work at worksites with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)'s Worksite Health ScoreCard (HSC) “breastfeeding-friendly” designation.ResultsFive key themes emerged from participants' narratives; three policy and workplace climate-related themes are described.DiscussionCollectively, findings indicate areas where HSC lactation-support questions might be modified to more precisely identify the psychosocial, structural, and sociocultural needs of breastfeeding employees.
Education is Key for Increasing Breastfeeding Duration Among Working Mothers
Authors: Needels Maryleah Schultz 
Published: September 2019

IntroductionFederal law mandates protections for time and a private place for pumping. However, mothers continue to express feelings of guilt explaining how the return to work ended their breastfeeding journey. Nationwide, there is a significant drop in exclusive breastfeeding rates at the 3- and 6-month marker, which coincides with the return to employment.MethodMothers attended a “Working Moms' Breastfeeding Class,” a hybrid taught by lactation consultants mixed with the peer-to-peer conversation.ResultsAfter attending the class, mothers reported an increase in knowledge concerning the law, pumping, breast milk handling, and childcare feeding practices.DiscussionEducating mothers at the time of their transition back into the workforce is key to increasing maternal self-efficacy to meet their breastfeeding goals.
Hubungan antara Pemahaman Konsep dengan Beban Kognitif Siswa pada Materi Hidrolisis Garam
Authors: Sabilla Zahara , Ridwan Achmad , Yusmaniar Yusmaniar 
Published: September 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara beban kognitif dengan pemahaman konsep siswa pada materi hidrolisis garam. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI MIA 1, XI MIA 6 dan XI MIA 7 di SMAN 2 Cibinong sebanyak 96 orang. Penelitian dilaksanakan berdasarkan permasalahan kemampuan seseorang dalam menerima dan mengolah informasi yang melebihi kemampuan kapasitas memori kerja yang dimiliki akan menimbulkan beban kognitif. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif korelasional. Beban kognitif siswa pada materi hidrolisis garam tergolong tinggi. Hasil uji hipotesis dengan Spearman Rank diperoleh hubungan negatif yang signifikan antara pemahaman konsep dengan beban kognitif siswa, sehingga dapat disimpulkan semakin tinggi beban kognitif maka akan semakin rendah pemahaman konsep siswa.
Kata kunci: Beban kognitif, hidrolisis garam, pemahaman konsep
Effect of neck extension on the advancement of tracheal tubes from the nasal cavity to the oropharynx in nasotracheal intubation: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kim Hyerim , Lee Jung-Man , Lee Jiwon , Hwang Jin-Young , Chang Jee-Eun , No Hyun-Joung , Won Dongwook , Row Hyung Sang , Min Seong-Won 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Clinicians sometimes encounter resistance in advancing a tracheal tube, which is inserted via a nostril, from the nasal cavity into the oropharynx during nasotracheal intubation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of neck extension on advancement of tracheal tubes from the nasal cavity into the oropharynx during nasotracheal intubation. Methods Patients were randomized to the ‘neck extension group (E group)’ or ‘neutral position group (N group)’ for this randomized controlled trial. After induction of anesthesia, a nasal RAE tube was inserted via a nostril. For the E group, an anesthesiologist advanced the tube from the nasal cavity into the oropharynx with the patient’s neck extended. For the N group, an anesthesiologist advanced the tube without neck extension. If the tube was successfully advanced into the oropharynx within two attempts by the same maneuver according to the assigned group, the case was defined as to ‘success.’ We compared the success rate of tube advancement between the two groups. Results Thirty-two patients in the E group and 33 in the N group completed the trial. The success rate of tube passage during the first two attempts was significantly higher in the E group than in the N group (93.8% vs. 60.6%; odds ratio = 9.75, 95% CI = [1.98, 47.94], p = 0.002). Conclusion Neck extension during tube advancement from the nasal cavity to the oropharynx before laryngoscopy could be helpful in nasotracheal intubation.
Analysis of erroneous data entries in paper based and electronic data collection
Authors: Ley Benedikt , Rijal Komal Raj , Marfurt Jutta , Adhikari Nabaraj , Banjara Megha , Shrestha Upendra Thapa , Thriemer Kamala , Price Ric N. , Ghimire Prakash 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objective: Electronic data collection (EDC) has become a suitable alternative to paper based data collection (PBDC) in biomedical research even in resource poor settings. During a survey in Nepal, data were collected using both systems and data entry errors compared between both methods.
Collected data were checked for completeness, values outside of realistic ranges, internal logic and date variables for reasonable time frames. Variables were grouped into 5 categories and the number of discordant entries were compared between both systems, overall and per variable category.
Results: Data from 52 variables collected from 358 participants were available. Discrepancies between both data sets were found in 12.6% of all entries (2352/18,616). Differences between data points were identified in 18.0% (643/3,580) of continuous variables, 15.8% of time variables (113/716), 13.0% of date variables (140/1,074), 12.0% of text variables (86/716), and 10.9% of categorical variables (1,370/12,530). Overall 64% (1,499/2,352) of all discrepancies were due to data omissions, 76.6% (1,148/1,499) of missing entries were among categorical data. Omissions in PBDC (n=1002) were twice as frequent as in EDC (n=497, p<0.001).
Data omissions, specifically among categorical variables were identified as the greatest source of error. If designed accordingly, EDC can address this short fall effectively.
Standardization of Professional Attitude Questionnaire on the Application of Social Networks in Iranian students
Authors: mosalaneajd leili , rezaiee rita , abdollahifard saeed 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Introduction The growth of information and communication technology has faced students and medical professionals with challenges in terms of professionalism. The use of social networks in the field of education has also accelerated and has become a powerful source of learning for transformation and empowerment in different fields. This questionnaire addresses the standardization of the attitude to professionalism in using social networks in medical science students. Methods In this questionnaire, with the aim of standardizing the attitude toward social networks, we used a questionnaire with 10 questions in 5 fields by Ness etal, 2013, . The fields include Accountability, Hiring decisions, Profile edits, Professionalism and Privacy setting . In this study, the questionnaire was first checked by validity in content . In the next step, construct validity was performed by exploratory factor analysis .Also reliability checked by test – retest in one group of students . Results By examining the correlation matrix between the variables, correlation between the variables and total score of questionnaire were appropriate.The result of factor analysis by principal component method and Varimax rotation with 3 factors is approved The reliability of the test was obtained 0.940 through test-retest method, and internal consistency were good . Conclusion Perspectives on e-professionalism and social media questionnaire by Ness etal, 2013, perspectives on e-professionalism and social media is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing perspectives on e-professionalism and social media in Iranian medical students.
Effect of Three-dimensional Printing with Nanotubes on Impact Resistance
Authors: Schmitz Anne 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The types of biomedical devices that can be three-dimensional printed (3DP) is limited by the mechanical properties of the resulting materials. As a result, much research has focused on adding carbon nanotubes (CNT) to these photocurable polymers to make them stronger. However, there is little to no data on how CNTs affect the impact resistance of these polymers, an important property when designing and manufacturing lower limb prosthetics. The objective of this study was to expand the use of 3DP to prosthetics by testing the hypothesis that adding CNTs to a stereolithographic (SLA) photocurable resin will result in a cured polymer with increased impact resistance. Twenty-six total specimens: 13 with nanotubes and 13 without nanotubes, were printed on a Form2 SLA printer. Once all the specimens were printed, washed, and cured, the impact resistance was quantified using a pendulum impact tester in a notched Izod configuration. Contrary to the hypothesis, the specimens with SWCNTs (0.312 ± 0.036 ft*lb/in) had a significantly lower impact resistance compared to the non-SWCNT specimens (0.364 ± 0.055 ft*lb/in), U = 34.0, p = 0.004. This decreased impact resistance may be due to voids in the printed polymer around the aggregated nanotubes. Thus, SLA polymers still do not have the impact strength needed to be used for a full lower limb prosthetic.
iTRAQ-based comparative proteomic analysis in mature leaves of Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata) provides insights into the whole-proteomic profiles and the role of anthocyanin biosynthesis in leaf color diversity
Authors: Wang Tianya , Guo Shaomin , Yu Kunjiang , Zou Jun , Jiang Yingfen , Wan Wei , Ye Botao , Yang Renqin , Khattak Aimal Nawaz , Meng Jinling , Tian Entang 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Anthocyanins are the main pigments in leaves, flowers and fruits, performing diverse biological functions in plants and exhibiting benefits for human health. The purple-leaved accession of B. carinata was used to study the biosynthetic mechanism of anthocyanins in this study. To elucidate the mechanisms of anthocyanin accumulation in the purple-leaved line, we employed a proteomic approach based on an isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ)-based technique to investigate the protein expression profile of the purple-leaved line of B. carinata in comparison with that of the green-leaved line.Results In total, 4,631 proteins were identified, of which 285 exhibited significant changes in abundance between BC-G01 and BC-P01. Of the 285 DEPs, 175 are upregulated and 110 are downregulated in the leaves of the purple-leaved line compared with the leaves of the green-leaved line. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that anthocyanin biosynthesis was the most significantly elevated metabolic process, containing three DEPs corresponding to two genes UGT75C1 and UGT79B1 . UGT75C1 and UGT79B1 , encoding anthocyanin 3-O-glucoside: 2’’-O-xylosyltransferase and anthocyanin 5-O-glucosyltransferase, respectively, play an important role in the biosynthesis of anthocyanins.Conclusions The exact functions of these proteins remain to be examined. Nevertheless, our study paves the way for understanding the genetic regulatory mechanisms of anthocyanin biosynthesis and accumulation in B. carinata .