bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computation of a torsion spring stabilizer bar rigidity and fatigue resistance
Authors: Geonea I , Dumitru N , Rosca A , Craciunoiu N , Racila L , Copilusi C 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The stabilizing bar is the suspension element that reduces the sliding of the car by stopping any kind of uneven vertical movement between the wheels to which it is connected. The stabilizer bar is a piece designed to increase stability during curves, in the case of sharp turns or maneuvers, and to enhance vehicle maneuverability. In general, sports cars are equipped with such stabilizing bars both on the front and rear. In this paper we present research on the experimental determination of the characteristic and rigidity of the torsion bar springs used in suspensions of motor vehicles. The determination of the torsion bar spring characteristic is done by two methods: analytical and experimental. The results obtained by the two methods are similar. In the second part of the paper there is discussed a test bench used for the experimental determination of fatigue resistance of the torsion bar spring. Also, angular deformations of torsion bar with resistive strain gauge transducers are monitored during fatigue applications. The results of the fatigue application are also studied by numerical simulation in the ANSYS FEA program.
Analysis of the movement of an exoskeleton for the upper limb
Authors: Tătulea I A , Drugă C N 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The theme approached in this paper falls within the general lines of an interdisciplinary research field, strategies provided by the European health insurance programs: Social Challenges (Health, Demographic Change and Wellbeing) and respectively in the national classification: Health (Fundamental and Border Research). The main objective of the research is the identification and knowledge of the biomechanical analysis elements that contribute to the increase of the mobility of the upper limbs in the persons with different motor dysfunctions (recoverable and rehabilitated dysfunctions), using customized exoskeleton-type systems together with opto-electronic systems to diversify the scope. In the first part of the paper are presented general aspects related to variants and fields of use of types of exoskeleton for upper limbs. The biomechanical analysis of upper limb movements, performed for the purpose of determining the action limits, is presented in the second part of the paper. The results of the analyses and the conclusions of this research are presented in the final part of the paper, along with the description of the proposed constructive variant of the exoskeleton.
Methods of project management used in small and medium enterprises
Authors: Moraru G M , Popa D 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The paper presents the most important methods of project management and general management used in small and medium enterprises in the central area of Romania, as well as the degree of their use. Therefore, we have developed a research based on questionnaire in small and medium enterprises from various fields, in order to find how their managers combines these methods and which ones are used more frequently. Unfortunately, our research has found poor or mediocre use of project management methods, as well as most of the general management methods. Training employees of enterprises in project management field, hiring experts in management, or developing post-graduate courses in this field by universities are the most affordable solutions at this time for Romanian small and medium enterprises.
Structural and mechanical properties of TiMnSnAlZrC alloy sintered in different ways
Authors: Gheorghe S , Pascu I , Nicolicescu C , Didu A 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Powder metallurgy is a complex technology that allows obtaining various alloys with special properties which successfully replace alloys achieved by classical technologies. The ability to easily modify classic chemical compositions makes this technology an instrument in the hands of researchers that enables them to always improve the properties of sintered alloys. In addition, the technology itself is very permissive, and new technical solutions can always be found in the technological process of pieces manufacturing. Among the materials very used in the technique, which is very well suited to this technology is titanium. Titanium in combination with other chemical elements greatly improves its operating behavior of obtained material. Therefore, this study proposes a combination of titanium with tin and graphite, recommended for improving wear resistance. The other elements used in the mixture, Al, Zr, Mn help to improve the mechanical properties. The paper intends to present a study on the wear resistance of this Ti alloy, sintered in different ways. SEM and spectrometry analyzes for sintered parts are also presented.
Notes on the possibilities and limitations of using metrical tools in mechanical modeling of media
Authors: Lámer G 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Changes in the size and shape of a continuous body can be described by metrical tools. The change in size is experimentally associated with relative elongation, the change of shape with the (local) angle change. Within the body, the concept of size (line length) and angle (angle between two lines) is based on the scalar product; the metric tensor is also needed to describe these relationships. When determining the relationship between size and size change as well as angle and angle change, it should be taken into account that, although both length and angle are interpreted by scalar product of metric tensor components, but in the context of relative length change there are fractional functions of radical expressions, in the context of angular change, there are fractional functions of radical expressions and partly inverse angle functions. The tensor cannot be formed directly from these two functions, but only by series expansion, and then there is a limit to the theoretical and numerical application of the introduced strain tensor: that the whole function can be approached well with the first few members of series expansion. This allows only a small strain (small relative elongation) to be described. This limit and the limitation of the use of topological tools (that is, the significant change of size and shape is not a deformation but a rearrangement) are consistent with each with other.
Digital twins of mechatronic machine tools for modern manufacturing
Authors: Kutin A A , Bushuev V V , Molodtsov V V 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The article is devoted to the problem of the development of “digital twins” of technological equipment — it’s specially organized and structured information models. The prospects for the use of digital twins for the organization of digital production and the problems associated with providing an adequate description of real mechatronic technological systems with their help are considered. It is shown that the creation of digital twins of technological equipment is a complex task associated with the integration of information and production technologies; therefore, its main solution is a systematic approach that defines the requirements for mathematical, informational and methodological support of digital productions. The advantages and disadvantages of various approaches to the formation of such models are considered. A combined technique for obtaining digital twins of mechatronic feed drives, forming a system for shaping CNC machines, which uses the results of finite element modelling and experimental data, is proposed. Using the example of drive identification, an experimental result shows the need to develop and implement scientifically based methods for constructing digital twins.
Experimental data collection system for reading pressure levels in a vacuum environment
Authors: Țarcă D I , Csokmai L , Moldovan O , Ghincu R , Potroviță D 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The University of Oradea is working on developing a research base in material sciences with capabilities of vacuum deposition. The laboratory will be equipped with two deposition system along with with other research equipment, mainly an atomic force microscope and a Nano indenter for material characterization. This paper presents the continuity of our efforts to install two vacuum deposition systems that will be part of the SMARTMAT Laboratory at the University of Oradea. As steps were made in cleaning the equipment, we now focus on obtaining high vacuum. In this process, a constant monitoring solution of the pressure inside the chamber is required, and the steps taken to realize it are presented in this paper. The main focus of the paper is the data acquisition system implemented for monitoring several parameters of which vacuum is the most important. The system will be based on two Pfeiffer Gauges for vacuum and a National Instruments PXI system.
Parameterized optimization analysis with finite elements, using ANSYS®, of a reference point under a torque action
Authors: Marian F G , Grebenișan G 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
To determine the elastic/plastic deformation value of the part, we used Ansys R19.0 software(CAE), to simulate a torque moment applied to the functional area part, which provided the information set about the part behavior. The mold of the part has 4 cavities, and the part material is a polyamide. Having a requirement imposed by the customer on the drawing, we considered this finite element analysis it is necessary before start manufacturing the molding and starting injection the parts to demonstrate that the customer requirement is achievable. The results obtained from the analysis with finite elements in ANSYS R19 showed that the constructional part could not fulfill the design requirement, namely to withstand a torque of 4500Nmm the part being fixed in the hole with a diameter of 2.5 mm. After analyzing the results, the client will have to modify the current drawing based on the results obtained by us, namely to reduce the torque value from 4500Nmm to 4000.3 Nmm.
Focusing Device Based on Overconstrained Mechanism
Authors: Racila L D , Dumitru I , Tutunea D , Matei L , Geonea I , Otat O , Racila M 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The paper presents an application based on an exceptional 6R overconstrained mechanism. This mechanism is started from 6R Wohlhart symmetric mechanism, not in its classical spatial position but a different one, with three non-adjacent joints constrained to remain in a fixed plane. This disposition allows the conception of an interesting device, a focusing table, capable of obtaining good accuracy.
The assessment of pedestrian’s head injury risk at the contact with the vehicle’s hood
Authors: Beles H , Tolea B A , Crisan G F , Dogar C A , Ciotachiev V V 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The main paper objective was to determine pedestrian’s head injury risk, at the impact with the vehicle’s bonnet. To achieve this objective, experimental tests on a test bench were performed. It is intended to determine the head injury risk, in different areas of the bonnet, to determine hood’s “friendliness”.
Rapid filament prototyping of a bionic hand
Authors: Culda L I , Muncut E S , Komjaty A 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
No matter how we call it: additive manufacturing, fast manufacturing, fast prototyping, fabrication in layers or DMF (desktop manufacturing) manufacturing, 3D printing is rapidly developing due to the diversity of applicability areas. In this paper, we would like to introduce the way of realizing a bionic hand that imitates human hand movements with the help of the 3D printer. The actual function that can perform is the movement of the finger segments for closing and opening the fist. The imprint was made using the Creality 3D Direct Store 3D Ender 3 3D Printer Original. As components, we have the handprint, the print of servomotor holder, the Arduino uno board, the breadboard, 5 actuators, male jumpers and fishing thread for ligaments. For programming, the integrated development IDE environment based on the Processing project has been used, which includes support for the C and C ++ programming languages.
Using virtual inductive loops to adapt the signal plans of junctions
Authors: Matei L , Dumitru I , Racila L D , Tutunea D , Oprica A C 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Trafficking is a growing problem in cities around the world. Congestions occurring at peak hours have become common problems that all the major cities of the world are facing. Some metropolises, however, have found solutions to reduce traffic jams, especially in peak hours. Problem solutions are given by road traffic management by reducing waiting times and queues, in the same way as traffic safety increases. The first step in achieving coherent management is to achieve a method of collecting traffic data. Under the current infrastructure development conditions, one of the few solutions is given by virtual inductive loops. Inductive loop detectors have become the most utilized sensors in traffic management systems. The gathered traffic data is used to improve traffic efficiency (i.e., warning users about congested areas or planning new infrastructures). This paper aims to develop virtual intersection models by using primary data from virtual inductive loop video analyzers.
No-Fly Lists, National Security and Race: The Experiences of Canadian Muslims
Authors: Nagra Baljit , Maurutto Paula 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDespite the increasing use of no-fly lists in countries like the United States, United Kingdom and Canada, their impact has not been explored in academic research. In a bid to fill this gap, we conducted 70 in-depth interviews with Muslim community leaders to explore Canadian Muslims’ experience of the no-fly list. We find the Canadian no-fly list targets Muslim communities, restricts mobility, separates individuals from family and friends, diminishes professional and economic opportunities, and stigmatizes those labelled a security risk. Drawing on the preventive security literature and critical race studies of counter-terrorism, this research demonstrates how no-fly lists erode fundamental aspects of justice, and reproduce racial hierarchies.
Longitudinal assessments highlight long-term behavioural recovery in disorders of consciousness
Authors: Bareham Corinne A , Allanson Judith , Roberts Neil , Hutchinson Peter J A , Pickard John D , Menon David K , Chennu Srivas 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Accurate diagnosis and prognosis of disorders of consciousness is complicated by the variability amongst patients’ trajectories. However, the majority of research and scientific knowledge in this field is based on cross-sectional studies. The translational gap in applying this knowledge to inform clinical management can only be bridged by research that systematically examines follow-up. In this study, we present findings from a novel longitudinal study of the long-term recovery trajectory of 39 patients, repeatedly assessed using the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised once every 3 months for 2 years, generating 185 assessments. Despite the expected inter-patient variability, there was a statistically significant improvement in behaviour over time. Further, improvements began approximately 22 months after injury. Individual variation in the trajectory of recovery was influenced by initial diagnosis. Patients with an initial diagnosis of unresponsive wakefulness state, who progressed to the minimally conscious state, did so at a median of 485 days following onset—later than 12-month period after which current guidelines propose permanence. Although current guidelines are based on the expectation that patients with traumatic brain injury show potential for recovery over longer periods than those with non-traumatic injury, we did not observe any differences between trajectories in these two subgroups. However, age was a significant predictor, with younger patients showing more promising recovery. Also, progressive increases in arousal contributed exponentially to improvements in behavioural awareness, especially in minimally conscious patients. These findings highlight the importance of indexing arousal when measuring awareness, and the potential for interventions to regulate arousal to aid long-term behavioural recovery in disorders of consciousness.
A Systematic Review of Typhoid Fever Occurrence in Africa
Authors: Kim Jong-Hoon , Im Justin , Parajulee Prerana , Holm Marianne , Cruz Espinoza Ligia Maria , Poudyal Nimesh , Mogeni Ondari D , Marks Florian 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Our current understanding of the burden and distribution of typhoid fever in Africa relies on extrapolation of data from a small number of population-based incidence rate estimates. However, many other records on the occurrence of typhoid fever are available, and those records contain information that may enrich our understanding of the epidemiology of the disease as well as secular trends in reporting by country and over time.

Methods
We conducted a systematic review of typhoid fever occurrence in Africa, published in PubMed, Embase, and ProMED (Program for Monitoring Emerging Diseases).

Results
At least one episode of culture-confirmed typhoid fever was reported in 42 of 57 African countries during 1900–2018. The number of reports on typhoid fever has increased over time in Africa and was highly heterogeneous between countries and over time. Outbreaks of typhoid fever were reported in 15 countries, with their frequency and size increasing over time.

Conclusions
Efforts should be made to leverage existing typhoid data, for example, by incorporating them into models for estimating the burden and distribution of typhoid fever.
Viral Kinetics and Resistance Development in Children Treated with Neuraminidase Inhibitors: The Influenza Resistance Information Study (IRIS)
Authors: Roosenhoff Rueshandra , Reed Vaughan , Kenwright Andy , Schutten Martin , Boucher Charles A , Monto Arnold , Clinch Barry , Kumar Deepali , Whitley Richard , Nguyen-Van-Tam Jonathan S , Osterhaus Albert D M E , Fouchier Ron A M , Fraaij Pieter L A 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
We studied the effect of age, baseline viral load, vaccination status, antiviral therapy, and emergence of drug resistance on viral shedding in children infected with influenza A or B virus.

Methods
Samples from children (aged ≤13 years) enrolled during the 7 years of the prospective Influenza Resistance Information Study were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction to determine the influenza virus (sub-)type, viral load, and resistance mutations. Disease severity was assessed; clinical symptoms were recorded. The association of age with viral load and viral clearance was examined by determining the area under the curve for viral RNA shedding using logistic regression and Kaplan-Meier analyses.

Results
A total of 2131 children infected with influenza (683, A/H1N1pdm09; 825, A/H3N2; 623, influenza B) were investigated. Age did not affect the mean baseline viral load. Children aged 1−5 years had prolonged viral RNA shedding (±1–2 days) compared with older children and up to 1.2-fold higher total viral burden. Besides, in older age (odds ratio [OR], 1.08; confidence interval [CI], 1.05–1.12), prior vaccination status (OR, 1.72; CI, 1.22–2.43) and antiviral treatment (OR, 1.74; CI, 1.43–2.12) increased the rate of viral clearance. Resistance mutations were detected in 49 children infected with influenza A virus (34, A/H1N1pdm09; 15, A/H3N2) treated with oseltamivir, most of whom were aged &lt;5 years (n = 39).

Conclusions
Children aged 1−5 years had a higher total viral burden with prolonged virus shedding and had an increased risk of acquiring resistance mutations following antiviral treatment.

Clinical Trials Registration
NCT00884117.
Phylogeny, genetics, and the partial life cycle of Oncomegas wageneri in the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Martínez-Aquino Andrés , Vidal-Martínez Víctor M , Ceccarelli F Sara , Méndez Oscar , Soler-Jiménez Lilia C , Aguirre-Macedo M Leopoldina 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDespite the diversity and ecological importance of cestodes, there is a paucity of studies on their life stages (i.e., complete lists of intermediate, paratenic, and definitive hosts) and genetic variation. For example, in the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) 98 species of cestodes have been reported to date; however, data on their intraspecific genetic variation and population genetic studies are lacking. The trypanorhynch cestode, Oncomegas wageneri, is found (among other places) off the American Western Atlantic Coast, including the GoM, and has been reported as an adult from stingrays and from several teleost species in its larval form (as plerocerci). This study represents the first report of 2 previously unregistered definitive hosts for O. wageneri, namely the Atlantic sharpnose shark Rhizoprionodon terraenovae and the southern stingray Hypanus americanus. In this work, partial sequences of the 28S (region D1–D2) ribosomal DNA were analyzed to include O. wageneri within an eutetrarhynchoid phylogenetic framework. All O. wageneri individuals (which included plerocerci and adults) were recovered as monophyletic and Oncomegas celatus was identified as the sister species of O. wageneri. Furthermore, population genetic analyses of O. wageneri from the southern GoM were carried out using DNA sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene, which reflected high genetic variation and a lack of genetic structure among the 9 oceanographic sampling sites. Based on these results, O. wageneri is panmictic in the southern GoM. More extensive sampling along the species entire distribution is necessary to make more accurate inferences of population genetics of O. wageneri.