bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The structural characterization of a polysaccharide exhibiting antitumor effect from Pholiota adiposa mycelia
Authors: Zou Yajie , Du Fang , Hu Qingxiu , Wang Hexiang 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPAP80-2a, purified from Pholiota adiposa mycelia, is a polysaccharide exhibiting prominent antitumor effects. However, the yield of PAP80-2a was low and its structure has not been characterized, impeding the exploration of its structure-function relationship, thus influencing the development of oral drugs for antitumor therapy and immunomodulation. In order to improve the yield of PAP80-2a, response surface methodology along with Box-Behnken design was applied to optimize the ultrasonic-assisted extraction conditions for polysaccharides. Then, the structure of PAP80-2a exhibiting antitumor activity was determined from different angles. The results showed that the extraction yield of P. adiposa polysaccharides increased by 11.5% under optimized ultrasonic extraction conditions. Structural analysis showed that PAP80-2a was mainly composed of glucose, rhamnose, xylose, and galactose in a ratio of 10.00: 2.09: 4.09: 1.13. The total amino acid content in the sugar chain was 69.92 μg/mL. The sugar chain structure was [α-Rha (1 → 3)-]n, and rhamnose was located at the non-reducing end of the sugar chain, while glucose was located at the non-reducing end or in the sugar chain in 1,2,6- and 1,3,6-linked forms. Our study clearly illuminates the primary structure of PAP80-2a, but 3D structure of PAP80-2a and its structure–function relationship is a future challenge.
Cytogenetic and agronomic characterization of intergeneric hybrids between Saccharum spp. hybrid and Erianthus arundinaceus
Authors: Pachakkil Babil , Terajima Yoshifumi , Ohmido Nobuko , Ebina Masumi , Irei Shin , Hayashi Hisayoshi , Takagi Hiroko 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrid) breeding, introgression of useful genes via intergeneric hybridization is a powerful strategy for improving the crop productivity. Erianthus arundinaceus shows great potential in terms of useful traits; however, little is known about the cytogenetic and agronomic characteristics of intergeneric hybrids between these two species. Here, we examine the cytogenetic and agronomic characteristics, and relationships between the two in intergeneric F1 hybrids between modern sugarcane cultivar and E. arundinaceus identified by amplification of 5S rDNA markers and morphological characteristics. The nuclear DNA content of the hybrids varied from 6.07 to 8.94 pg/2C, with intra-clonal variation in DNA content and 5S rDNA sites. Genomic in situ hybridization revealed 53 to 82 chromosomes in the hybrids, with 53 to 56 derived from sugarcane and 1 to 29 from E. arundinaceus. There were significant positive correlations between the number of E. arundinaceus chromosomes and dry matter yield, millable stalk weight, single stalk weight, and stalk diameter, but not sucrose content, reducing sugar content, sucrose/reducing sugar ratio or fiber content. This detailed information on intergeneric F1 hybrids between modern sugarcane cultivar and E. arundinaceus will contribute to effective utilization of E. arundinaceus in sugarcane breeding.
Functional expression of the mechanosensitive PIEZO1 channel in primary endometrial epithelial cells and endometrial organoids
Authors: Hennes Aurélie , Held Katharina , Boretto Matteo , De Clercq Katrien , Van den Eynde Charlotte , Vanhie Arne , Van Ranst Nele , Benoit Melissa , Luyten Catherine , Peeraer Karen , Tomassetti Carla , Meuleman Christel , Voets Thomas , Vankelecom Hugo , Vriens Joris 
Published: February 2019

AbstractSuccessful pregnancy requires the establishment of a complex dialogue between the implanting embryo and the endometrium. Knowledge regarding molecular candidates involved in this early communication process is inadequate due to limited access to primary human endometrial epithelial cells (EEC). Since pseudo-pregnancy in rodents can be induced by mechanical scratching of an appropriately primed uterus, this study aimed to investigate the expression of mechanosensitive ion channels in EEC. Poking of EEC provoked a robust calcium influx and induced an increase in current densities, which could be blocked by an inhibitor of mechanosensitive ion channels. Interestingly, RNA expression studies showed high expression of PIEZO1 in EEC of mouse and human. Additional analysis provided further evidence for the functional expression of PIEZO1 since stimulation with Yoda1, a chemical agonist of PIEZO1, induced increases in intracellular calcium concentrations and current densities in EEC. Moreover, the ion channel profile of human endometrial organoids (EMO) was validated as a representative model for endometrial epithelial cells. Mechanical and chemical stimulation of EMO induced strong calcium responses supporting the hypothesis of mechanosensitive ion channel expression in endometrial epithelial cells. In conclusion, EEC and EMO functionally express the mechanosensitive PIEZO1 channel that could act as a potential target for the development of novel treatments to further improve successful implantation processes.
Downregulation of PRMT1 promotes the senescence and migration of a non-MYCN amplified neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells
Authors: Lee Yu-Jen , Chang Wen-Wei , Chang Chien-Ping , Liu Tsung-Yun , Chuang Chun-Yi , Qian Kun , Zheng Y. George , Li Chuan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractProtein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) catalyzing the formation of asymmetric dimethylarginines has been implicated in cancer development, metastasis, and prognosis. In this study, we investigated the effects of low PRMT1 levels on a non-MYCN amplified neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cell line. Stable PRMT1-knockdown (PRMT1-KD) cells showed reduced growth rates and cell cycle arrest at G2/M. They also exhibited senescent phenotypes and increased p53 expression. p21 and PAI-1, which are two p53 downstream targets critical for senescence, were significantly induced in SK-N-SH cells subjected to either PRMT1-KD or inhibitor treatment. The induction was suppressed by a p53 inhibitor and marginal in a p53-null SK-N-AS cell line, suggesting dependence on p53. In general, the DNA damage and ROS levels of the PRMT1-KD SK-N-SH cells were slightly increased. Their migration activity also increased with the induction of PAI-1. Thus, PRMT1 downregulation released the repression of cellular senescence and migration activity in SK-N-SH cells. These results might partially explain the poor prognostic outcome of low PRMT1 in a non-MYCN-amplified cohort and indicate the multifaceted complexity of PRMT1 as a biological regulator of neuroblastoma.
Transcriptional responses of wheat roots inoculated with Arthrobacter nitroguajacolicus to salt stress
Authors: Safdarian Maryam , Askari Hossein , Shariati J. Vahid , Nematzadeh Ghorbanali 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIt is commonly accepted that bacteria actively interact with plant host and have beneficial effects on growth and adaptation and grant tolerance to various biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the mechanisms of plant growth promoting bacteria to communicate and adapt to the plant environment are not well characterized. Among the examined bacteria isolates from different saline soils, Arthrobacter nitroguajacolicus was selected as the best plant growth-promoting bacteria under salt stress. To study the effect of bacteria on wheat tolerance to salinity stress, bread wheat seeds were inoculated with A. nitroguajacolicus and grown under salt stress condition. Comparative transcriptome analysis of inoculated and un-inoculated wheat roots under salt stress showed up-regulation of 152 genes whereas 5 genes were significantly down-regulated. Many genes from phenylpropanoid, flavonoid and terpenoid porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism, stilbenoid, diarylheptanoid metabolism pathways were differentially expressed within inoculated roots under salt stress. Also, a considerable number of genes encoding secondary metabolites such as phenylpropanoids was detected. They are known to take part in lignin biosynthesis of the cell wall as well as antioxidants.
Social context effects on error-related brain activity are dependent on interpersonal and achievement-related traits
Authors: García Alanis José C. , Baker Travis E. , Peper Martin , Chavanon Mira-Lynn 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBrain correlates of performance monitoring, such as the Error-Related Negativity (ERN), are considerably influenced by situational factors. For instance, errors committed during social interaction typically elicit enhanced ERNs. While individual differences in ERN magnitude have been implicated in a wide variety of psychopathologies, it remains unclear how individual dispositions may interact with situational incentives to influence performance monitoring. Here, we analysed how interpersonal (Affiliation) and achievement-related (Agency) traits moderated the effects of interpersonal competition and interpersonal cooperation on the ERN. For this purpose, electroencephalography was collected from 78 participants while they performed a Flanker Task either in a competitive or in a cooperative social context (i.e., between-subjects design). We found that competition predicted enhanced error-related activity patterns compared to cooperation. Furthermore, participants who scored high in Affiliation elicited enhanced error-related activity. Conversely, high Agency scores were associated with reduced error-related activity, but this was only observed in the competitive context. These results indicate that the brain’s response to error commission is not only sensitive to social incentives. Rather, the activity of the evaluative system that produces error signals appears to be crucially determined by the personal relevance of the incentives present in the context in which performance is evaluated.
Alfalfa polysaccharide prevents H2O2-induced oxidative damage in MEFs by activating MAPK/Nrf2 signaling pathways and suppressing NF-κB signaling pathways
Authors: Wang Lixue , Xie Yuhuai , Yang Weiren , Yang Zaibin , Jiang Shuzhen , Zhang Chongyu , Zhang Guiguo 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAlfalfa polysaccharide (APS) is a bioactive component extracted from alfalfa that exhibits potent antioxidant properties. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying these properties remain unclear. To explore the molecular mechanism by which APS exerts antioxidant effects, an H2O2-induced oxidative stress mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) model was established. Cell proliferation, antioxidant enzyme activity, immune cytokine expression, and related protein expression were examined in APS-supplemented or non-supplemented conditions. The results suggested that APS strengthened the antioxidative capacity of MEFs, increasing cell proliferation, superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), and the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC). In addition, APS reduced the secretion of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 as well as expression of the proinflammatory gene retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I). APS was also able to activate the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, which promoted the translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) to the nucleus. However, expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) was decreased after APS treatment. Overall, these results suggest that APS relieves H2O2-induced oxidative stress in MEFs by activating MAPK/Nrf2 signaling and suppressing NF-κB signaling. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to link APS with MAPK/Nrf2, NF-κB and RIG-I, thus providing new perspectives regarding the mechanisms of the antioxidant activity of APS.
In-situ synthesized and pattern Ag/Bi2Se3 composite structure by LDW and photothermal conversion
Authors: Zhao Zejia , Jia Guozhi , Liu Yanling , Zhang Qiurui , Zhou Yaoyao 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBi2Se3 nanofilm has exhibited many promising potentials application in the field of photo-to-heat conversion. A highly-efficient photo-to-heat conversion system of Ag/Bi2Se3 composite nanofilm is successfully fabricated through laser direct writing (LDW) technique. The localized heat induced by laser simultaneously achieve Ag particles synthesis, transfer and patterning in a single processing step. The thermal reaction process includes the forming of nanoparticles based on the process of the thermal reduction, laser ablation, sputtering deposition and so on. The thermal storage capability and photothermal conversion stability have been greatly improved through preventing the heat from loss and efficient LSPR enhancing. The photothermal conversion mechanism of composition film is discussed in detail. This work suggests that the laser-assisted transfer technique give rise to a new expectation of functional composite nanofilm application for energy conversion.
See-through observation of malaria parasite behaviors in the mosquito vector
Authors: Mori Toshiyuki , Hirai Makoto , Mita Toshihiro 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAlthough it is known that malaria parasites proliferate in the midgut of mosquito vector, their detailed behaviors, from gamete maturation to formation of next generation sporozoite, have not been fully understood at cellular or molecular level. This is mainly attributed to technical difficulties of dissection and whole-mount observation, of delicate and opaque mosquito body contents. In addition, blood pigment surrounding parasites immediately after blood meal also complicates tracing mosquito-stage parasites. Recent revolutionary studies have overcome such negative factors in tissue observation by clearing organisms. CUBIC reagents succeeded to remove both light scattering and blood pigment from various mouse tissues, and to whole-organ image fluorescence-labeled cell structures. In this study, we utilized the advanced version of CUBIC technology and high sensitivity fluorescent markers for see-through observation of mosquito vector after engulfment of rodent malaria parasites to clarify their behaviors during mosquito stage. As a result, we succeeded to visualize oocysts, sporozoites, female gametes and ookinetes in the mosquito bodies without any dissection.
Unravelling the contribution of early postseismic deformation using sub-daily GNSS positioning
Authors: Twardzik Cedric , Vergnolle Mathilde , Sladen Anthony , Avallone Antonio 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAfter large earthquakes, parts of the fault continue to slip for days to months during the afterslip phase, a behaviour documented for many earthquakes. Yet, little is known about the early stage, i.e., from minutes to hours after the mainshock. Its detailed study requires continuous high-rate position time series close to the fault, and advanced signal processing to accurately extract the surface displacements. Here, we use refined kinematic precise point positioning processing to document the early postseismic deformation for three earthquakes along the South American subduction zone (2010 Mw8.8 Maule, Chile; 2015 Mw8.3 Illapel, Chile; 2016 Mw7.6 Pedernales, Ecuador). First, we show that early afterslip generates significant surface displacement as early as a few tens of minutes after the earthquake. Our analysis of the time series indicates that, over the first 36 hours, more than half of the displacement occurs within the first 12 hours, a time window often disregarded with daily positioning. Thus, estimates of coseismic offsets can be biased by more than 10% if early postseismic displacements are acknowledged as coseismic ones. Finally, these results highlight the difficulty to accurately evaluate the different contribution to the seismic cycle budget and thus the associated hazard on faults.
Autophagy induced by SAHA affects mutant P53 degradation and cancer cell survival
Authors: Foggetti Giorgia , Ottaggio Laura , Russo Debora , Mazzitelli Carlotta , Monti Paola , Degan Paolo , Miele Mariangela , Fronza Gilberto , Menichini Paola 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Missense mutations in the TP53 gene produce mutant p53 (mutp53) proteins which may acquire oncogenic properties favoring chemoresistance, cell migration, and metastasis. The exploitation of cellular pathways that promote mutp53 degradation may reduce cell proliferation and invasion as well as increase the sensitivity to anticancer drugs, with a strong impact on current cancer therapies. In the last years, several molecules have been characterized for their ability to induce the degradation of mutp53 through the activation of autophagy. Here, we investigated the correlation between autophagy and mutp53 degradation induced by suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), an FDA-approved histone deacetylase inhibitor. In the human cancer lines MDA-MB-231 (mutp53-R280K) and DLD1 (mutp53-S241F), SAHA induced a significant mutp53 degradation. However, such degradation correlated with autophagy induction only in MDA-MB-231 cells, being counteracted by autophagy inhibition, which also increased SAHA-induced cell death. Conversely, in DLD1 cells SAHA triggered a low level of autophagy despite promoting a strong decrease in mutp53 level, and autophagy inhibition did not change either mutp53 levels or sensitivity to this drug. We conclude that autophagy can be a relevant pathway for mutp53 degradation induced by SAHA, but its contribution to mutp53 destabilization and the consequences on cell death are likely context-dependent.
Search for AGN counterparts of unidentified Fermi-LAT sources with optical polarimetry
Authors: Mandarakas N. , Blinov D. , Liodakis I. , Kouroumpatzakis K. , Zezas A. , Panopoulou G. V. , Myserlis I. , Angelakis E. , Hovatta T. , Kiehlmann S. , Kokolakis K. , Paleologou E. , Pouliasi A. , Skalidis R. , Pavlidou V. 
Published: February 2019

Context. The third Fermi-LAT catalog (3FGL) presented the data of the first four years of observations from the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope mission. There are 3034 sources, 1010 of which still remain unidentified. Identifying and classifying γ-ray emitters is of high significance with regard to studying high-energy astrophysics.
Aims. We demonstrate that optical polarimetry can be an advantageous and practical tool in the hunt for counterparts of the unidentified γ-ray sources (UGSs).
Methods. Using data from the RoboPol project, we validated that a significant fraction of active galactic nuclei (AGN) associated with 3FGL sources can be identified due to their high optical polarization exceeding that of the field stars. We performed an optical polarimetric survey within 3σ uncertainties of four unidentified 3FGL sources.
Results. We discovered a previously unknown extragalactic object within the positional uncertainty of 3FGL J0221.2+2518. We obtained its spectrum and measured a redshift of z = 0.0609 ± 0.0004. Using these measurements and archival data we demonstrate that this source is a candidate counterpart for 3FGL J0221.2+2518 and most probably is a composite object: a star-forming galaxy accompanied by AGN.
Conclusions. We conclude that polarimetry can be a powerful asset in the search for AGN candidate counterparts for unidentified Fermi sources. Future extensive polarimetric surveys at high Galactic latitudes (e.g., PASIPHAE) will allow the association of a significant fraction of currently unidentified γ-ray sources.
Human Resource Management in the dental office: the advent of scientific and adaptive Management
Authors: Cochet R. 
Published: February 2019

The professionalization of the “management” function in dental practices and especially in group practices and specialized dento-facial orthopedics has become a major challenge for their economic viability.
However, most practitioners manage their care structure and team empirically and intuitively on the “patriarchal” model that has been in place for decades in human-sized businesses.
Unilateral decision-making, omnipotence and authoritarianism are favored to the detriment of a more participative and delegative mode of management involving the firm’s human and active forces in its continuous improvement approach (Quality approach).
The management of organizational change and the adoption of working methods inherited from scientific management are all the more important as the social and economic situation is increasingly undermining the dental industry.
Zur Kommunikationsstruktur von Gefährdungssituationen – PART II: „Simulation und Reduktion von Zwangsmaßnahmen in der Psychiatrie“ (SRZP)
Authors: Radovic Marco , Debus Stephan 
Published: February 2019

ZusammenfassungDurch welche Kommunikationsweisen von Therapeuten und Patienten können psychiatrische Gefährdungssituationen hinsichtlich ihrer (Un-)Ähnlichkeit unterschieden werden? Explorative Cluster- und Diskriminanzanalysen des Datenmaterials (Kommunikationsprofile aus Filmanalysen – vgl. Teil I) führen zu mindestens fünf Situationstypen. Die berechnete Diskriminanzfunktion mit 18 Prädiktorvariablen kann 96,3 % aller Situationen korrekt klassifizieren. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass und wie psychiatrische Gefährdungssituationen mittels sprachhandlungsbezogener Methoden differenziert werden können.
Acute Manifestations of Neuromuscular Disease
Authors: Edmundson Christyn , Bird Shawn 
Published: February 2019

AbstractNeuromuscular emergencies may be defined as disorders or exacerbation of diseases of the peripheral nervous system that are rapidly progressive and potentially life-threatening. Such disorders can affect any level of the peripheral nervous system, from the muscle to the anterior horn cell. While their clinical manifestations may vary, severe morbidity and mortality is most frequently the result of neuromuscular respiratory failure. Some disorders, such as Guillain–Barré syndrome, provide the additional threat of severe, and potentially irreversible, nerve loss. Others, such as rhabdomyolysis and malignant hyperthermia, may produce serious medical complications. This article reviews neuromuscular emergencies by localization in the peripheral nervous system of the underlying disorder, as well as the identification and management of neuromuscular respiratory failure.
Wilderness Neurology
Authors: Schlein Sarah , Marcolini Paul , Marcolini Evie 
Published: February 2019

The study of wilderness medicine is within the scope of medical care in the austere environment and addresses medicine as practiced in the setting of delayed access to definitive medical care, hostile environment, limited equipment, and inherent risks to the patient and/or rescuers. Part of this topic includes the care of patients with neurologic illness and/or injury.We will address the five most important skills of a wilderness medicine professional: decision making, prevention, preparation, protocol development, and education by applying the principles to select common neurologic problems that occur in the extended environment: traumatic brain injury, dehydration, hyponatremia, heat illness, hypothermia, spine injury, and lightning injury. We will focus on the most pertinent aspects of wilderness medicine: signs and symptoms, initial stabilization and treatment, evacuation, and extended care.An astute wilderness medicine specialist brings environmental and medical skill sets together to know when it is better to treat in the field and when evacuation, with its inherent risks to the patient and rescuers, is unavoidable.