bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Restrictive Versus Liberal Strategy for Red Blood-Cell Transfusion
Authors: Gu Wan-Jie , Gu Xiao-Ping , Wu Xiang-Dong , Chen Hao , Kwong Joey S.W. , Zhou Lu-Yang , Chen Shuo , Ma Zheng-Liang 
Published: April 2018

Background:
Current guidelines recommend restrictive criteria for red blood-cell transfusion in most clinical settings. However, patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery may require distinct transfusion criteria since benefits and potential harm often vary considerably based on patient characteristics and surgical procedures. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of restrictive transfusion in patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery, especially in important subgroups.

Methods:
Electronic databases were searched to identify randomized controlled trials investigating restrictive (mostly a hemoglobin level of 8.0 g/dL or symptomatic anemia) versus liberal (mostly a hemoglobin level of 10.0 g/dL) transfusion in patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery. For the primary outcome of cardiovascular events, we performed random-effects meta-analyses to synthesize the evidence and to assess the effects in different subgroups according to patient characteristics (with versus without preexisting cardiovascular disease) and surgical procedures (hip fracture surgery versus elective arthroplasty).

Results:
Ten trials involving 3,968 participants who underwent hip or knee surgery were included. Mean participant age ranged from 68.7 to 86.9 years. Compared with liberal transfusion, restrictive transfusion increased the risk of cardiovascular events (8 trials; 3,618 participants; relative risk [RR], 1.51; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16 to 1.98; p = 0.003; with no heterogeneity across all trials), irrespective of preexisting cardiovascular disease (pinteraction = 0.63). In a subgroup analysis, the increase was observed in patients undergoing hip fracture surgery (RR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.08 to 2.10; p = 0.02), but did not reach significance in those undergoing elective arthroplasty (RR, 1.53; 95% CI, 0.96 to 2.44; p = 0.07). To minimize the bias caused by variations in transfusion threshold, we conducted an analysis that only included trials using 8.0 g/dL hemoglobin or symptomatic anemia as the threshold for restrictive transfusion and obtained identical results (6 trials; 2,872 participants; RR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.09 to 2.08; p = 0.01; I2 = 0%). The 2 arms did not differ with respect to the rates of all infections, 30-day mortality, thromboembolic events, wound infection, pulmonary infection (mainly pneumonia), and cerebrovascular accidents (mainly stroke).

Conclusions:
In patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery, when compared with liberal transfusion, restrictive transfusion increases the risk of cardiovascular events irrespective of preexisting cardiovascular disease. Importantly, the increased risk was observed in patients undergoing hip fracture surgery but did not reach significance in those undergoing elective arthroplasty.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Practice Patterns and Performance in U.S. Fracture Liaison Programs
Authors: Dirschl Douglas R. , Rustom Hani 
Published: April 2018

Background:
We are not aware of any previous investigation assessing a national cohort of patients enrolled in a fracture liaison service (FLS) program in an open health-care system to ascertain prevalent practice patterns. The objective of this investigation was to determine, in a geographically diverse group of centers in a single FLS program, the percentage of patients for whom anti-osteoporosis treatment was recommended or started as well as to identify associations between patient and fracture variables and the likelihood of treatment being recommended.

Methods:
The study utilized the Own the Bone program registry, which included 32,671 unique patient records with the required data. The primary outcome measure was whether a recommendation to start anti-osteoporosis treatment was made to the patient at the time of program enrollment. The associations between patient and fracture variables and the likelihood of having treatment recommended were calculated.

Results:
Anti-osteoporosis treatment was recommended to 72.8% of patients and was initiated for 12.1%. A sedentary lifestyle and a parent who had sustained a hip fracture increased the likelihood of a treatment recommendation by 10% and 12%, respectively. While patients with a spinal fracture were 11% more likely to have received a treatment recommendation, those with a hip fracture were 2% less likely to have received such a recommendation. Age was not strongly associated with the likelihood of receiving a treatment recommendation but was associated with the initiation of treatment.

Conclusions:
Practitioners at sites in the Own the Bone program recommend anti-osteoporosis treatment, at the time of initial evaluation, to about three-quarters of patients who present with a fragility fracture. This is a very strong improvement over previously reported national data. The findings that a hip fracture had the lowest association and age had very little association with the likelihood of recommending treatment were unexpected and perhaps deserve further investigation.

Clinical Relevance:
FLS programs and sites as well as all those who manage patients with a fragility fracture can utilize the information derived from this study to improve practice patterns for the care of these patients.
The water diary method – proof-of-concept and policy implications for monitoring water use behaviour in rural Kenya
Authors: Hoque Sonia Ferdous , Hope Robert 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Africa is lagging behind global progress to meet the Sustainable Development Goal for ‘universal access to safe and affordable drinking water’ services. New knowledge needs to understand and respond to water service inequalities which are not revealed by high quality, but snapshot and infrequent, household surveys. We have designed and piloted a ‘water diary’ in Kenya to document the daily sources, uses, cost and sufficiency of water, along with weekly household expenditures. Water use behaviours vary across water supply alternatives, rainfall extremes and economic conditions to affect ‘sufficiency’ for competing drinking, bathing, laundry, hygiene, and productive uses. Findings reveal water for hygiene uses is reduced during drought, and while water expenditure is the lowest of seven categories, it spikes for a minority. We evaluate the diary method by measurement, internal and external validity criteria and conclude that the longitudinal approach offers complementary insights to address the gaps in current monitoring methods.
Synthesis of 3-(Cyclohexylamino)-2-arylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-8- carboxylic Acids Via an Efficient Three-component Condensation Reaction between Cyclohexylisocyanide and 2-Aminopyridine-3-carboxylic Acid in the Presence of Aromatic Aldehyde
Authors: Marandi Ghasem 
Published: April 2018

Aim and Objective:
The reaction of cyclohexylisocyanide and 2-aminopyridine-3-
carboxylic acid in the presence of benzaldehyde derivatives in ethanol led to 3-(cyclohexylamino)-2-
arylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-8-carboxylic acids in high yields. In a three component condensation
reaction, isocyanide reacts with 2-aminopyridine-3-carboxylic acid and aromatic aldehydes without
any prior activation.

Material and Methods:
The synthesized products have stable structures which have been
characterized by IR, 1H, 13C and Mass spectroscopy as well as CHN-O analysis.

Results:
In continuation of our attempts to develop simple one-pot routes for the synthesis of 3-
(cyclohexylamino)-2-arylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-8-carboxylic acids, aromatic aldehydes with divers
substituted show a high performance.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, this study introduces the art of combinatorial chemistry using a simple
one-pot procedure for the synthesis of new materials which are interesting compounds in medicinal
and biological sciences.
Recurrent wheezing in children: a tertiary care hospital data
Authors: ENGİN Muhammet Mesut Nezir , TEMİZKAN Ramazan Cahit , KİLİCASLAN Onder , ASLANTAS Merve , CANGUR Sengul , KOCABAY Kenan 
Published: April 2018

Introduction: Repetitive wheezing in children today is an important problem. It is
important to identify preventable risk factors in children with recurrent
wheezing complaints. Asking for risk factors and making suggestions can prevent
both recurrent admission and persistent bronchial damage. The present research was conducted to evaluate the
risk factors of recurrent wheezing in children. Methods: This
cross-sectional study was performed with 50 children with recurrent wheezing.
Previous medical history and sociodemographic features of children were
searched.Results: The
60%(n=30) of participants were male , %40 (n=20) were female. The mean age and
birth weight of children were calculated 49.1 ± 48 months and 3227.2 ± 680.6 gr
respectively. Children with recurrent wheezing had significantly diverse ratios
in terms of the type of delivery (p=0,007),
breast feding (p&lt;0.001),
vaccinations (p&lt;0.001),
atopic dermatitis (p&lt;0.001),
child care (p=0.003),
natal and postnatal maternal smoking (p&lt;0.001, p=0.007), asthma history of the parents and siblings
(p&lt;0.001), rural-urban
settlement (p=0.021), and
moisture and warming shape of family house (p=0.002).

Conclusion: Recurrent
wheezing is an important health problem in childhood. Sociodemographic, environmental preventive
approaches must be considered in the treatment modalities of patients.
Hemoglobin A1c Accurately Predicts Continuous Glucose Monitoring–Derived Average Glucose in Youth and Young Adults With Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Chan Christine L. , Hope Emma , Thurston Jessica , Vigers Timothy , Pyle Laura , Zeitler Philip S. , Nadeau Kristen J. 
Published: April 2018

OBJECTIVE
In cystic fibrosis (CF), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is thought to underestimate glycemia. However, few studies have directly assessed the relationship between HbA1c and average glucose in CF. We determined the relationships among glycemic markers—HbA1c, fructosamine (FA), glycated albumin (%GA), and 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG)—and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in CF, hypothesizing that alternate markers would better predict average sensor glucose (ASG) than HbA1c.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
CF participants and a group of healthy control subjects (HCs), ages 6–25 years, wore CGM for up to 7 days. Pearson correlations assessed the relationships between CGM variables and HbA1c, FA, %GA, and 1,5-AG. The regression line between HbA1c and ASG was compared in CF versus HC. Linear regressions determined whether alternate markers predicted ASG after adjustment for HbA1c.

RESULTS
CF (n = 93) and HC (n = 29) groups wore CGM for 5.2 ± 1 days. CF participants were 14 ± 3 years of age and 47% were male, with a BMI z score −0.1 ± 0.8 and no different from HCs in age, sex, or BMI. Mean HbA1c in CF was 5.7 ± 0.8% (39 ± 9 mmol/mol) vs. HC 5.1 ± 0.2% (32 ± 2 mmol/mol) (P &lt; 0.0001). All glycemic markers correlated with ASG (P ≤ 0.01): HbA1c (r = 0.86), FA (r = 0.69), %GA (r = 0.83), and 1,5-AG (r = −0.26). The regression line between ASG and HbA1c did not differ in CF versus HC (P = 0.44). After adjustment for HbA1c, %GA continued to predict ASG (P = 0.0009) in CF.

CONCLUSIONS
HbA1c does not underestimate ASG in CF as previously assumed. No alternate glycemic marker correlated more strongly with ASG than HbA1c. %GA shows strong correlation with ASG and added to the prediction of ASG beyond HbA1c. However, we are not advocating use of HbA1c for diabetes screening in CF based on these results. Further study will determine whether glycemic measures other than ASG differ among different types of diabetes for a given HbA1c.
Where is the contre-coup? Atypical localization of occipital brain contusion
Authors: Cucu A.I. , Costea Claudia Florida , Sascau R.A. , Dobrovat B. , Poeata I. , Serban Turliuc , Turliuc Dana Mihaela 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Most traumatic brain injuries with occipital impact cause frontal and temporal contre-coup lesions, while patients with coagulopathies are more susceptible to such lesions. We present the case of a chronic ethylic patient with thrombocytopenia, who was treated for ethanol withdrawal syndrome at a psychiatric service. The head CT scan revealed an occipital contusion with atypical localization and the absence of fronto-temporal contre-coup lesions. In conclusion, it is recommended a head CT scan to chronic alcoholic patients with psychiatric manifestations, especially in the context of systemic coagulopathies related to excessive alcohol consumption. In the case of chronic ethylic patients that frequently display systemic coagulation disorders, the head CT scan is necessary at the first psychiatric manifestations.
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the treatment of brain abscess: about a case
Authors: Mandour Cherkaoui , Gazzaz Miloudi , El Mostarchid Brahim 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The management of brain abscess remains a challenging topic usually involving a multimodal concept. The efficiency of hyperbaric oxygen therapy is currently being used in many areas, and has been proven in infections with deep and superficial location. We report our experience with hyperbaric oxygen therapy combined with antibiotics in the treatment of this disease in a children case. The evolution was very favourable; we believe that the hyperbaric oxygen therapy is a reliable adjuvant therapy for brain abscess.
The Organisational Justice as a Human Resources Management Practice and its Impact on Employee Engagement: The case of the Prefecture of Attica (Greece)
Authors: Lamprakis Athanasios , Alamani Kalliopi , Malliari Athina , Grivas Ilias 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Organisational justice is a key component in the practice of human resources management in any work environment. The aim of this research survey is to highlight the meaning and importance of organisational justice and its impact on employee engagement. To achieve this aim, except for the literature review, the survey examines the extent to which the distributive, procedural and interactional justice impact on work and organisational engagement, through a research in a certain Greek public organisation. As regards the statistical analysis of the research hypotheses, we used methods of the SPSS 17.00 statistical package. The results showed that the distributive justice significantly impacts on both types of engagement, while no effect was detected between procedural justice and the two types of engagement. The interactional justice was found to determine, partly, only the organisational engagement. The findings overwhelmingly verified the existing bibliographical references, resulting in a noteworthy empirical precedent which could contribute to the field concerning the impact that organisational justice exerts on certain aspects of organisational behaviour.
Penguatan Modal Sosial Menuju Kemandirian Perempuan Perdesaan Pelaku Industri Rumahan Emping Melinjo di Provinsi Banten
Authors: Saleh Khaerul , Sumardjo Sumardjo , Hubeis Aida Vitayala S , Puspitawati Herien 
Published: April 2018

<p><span>Industri rumahan selama ini kurang memiliki kemampuan untuk bersaing di pasar, disebabkan karena rendahnya tingkat pengetahuan, keterampilan, dan kapabilitas terhadap penguasaan<span> </span>tekonologi serta akses permodalan, padahal keberadaannya memiliki posisi penting dalam perekonomian nasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui peran modal sosial mikro dan meso serta permasalahannya terhadap kemandirian perempuan perdesaan pelaku industri rumahan emping melinjo.<span> </span>Penelitian dilakukan di Provinsi Banten,<span> </span>dengan sampel sebanyak 453 orang, <span> </span>terdiri dari; 154 orang di zona industri, 147 orang di zona pertanian dan 152 orang di zona pariwisata dari 6.857 orang perempuan perdesaan pelaku industri rumahan emping melinjo.<span> </span>Analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif, one way anova, dan Struktural Equation Modeling (SEM).<span> </span>Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kemandirian, tingkat kapasitas, modal sosial meso dan modal sosial mikro perempuan persdesaan berada pada kategori sedang.<span> </span>Model hibryd menunjukkan bahwa kemandirian perempuan perdesaan 43,0 % dipengaruhi secara langsung maupun oleh modal sosial meso, dan tingkat kapasitas, sedangkan modal sosial mikro berpengaruh melalui bekerjanya tingkat kapasitas. Tingkat kemandirian perempuan perdesaan ditentukan melalaui aspek <span> </span>pengambilan keputusan, kerjasama, kedinamisan usaha dan akses permodalan.<span> </span>Strategi peningkatan kemandirian dilakukan melalui penguatan modal sosial meso, terutama dukungan infrastruktur dan materi penyuluhan, yang memiliki pengaruh tidak langsung <span> </span>pada penguatan modal sosial mikro dan<span> </span>tingkat kapasitas perempuan perdesaan.</span></p><p><strong><em><span>Kata kunci</span></em></strong><em><span> :<span> </span>Industri rumahan emping melinjo, Modal sosial mikro, Modal sosial meso, tingkat kapasitas dan tingkat kemandirian perempuan perdesaan</span></em></p>
Physical Activity and Exercise Therapy Benefit More Than Just Symptoms and Impairments in People With Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Skou Søren T. , Pedersen Bente Klarlund , Abbott J. Haxby , Patterson Brooke , Barton Christian 
Published: April 2018

Synopsis Osteoarthritis (OA) of the hip and knee is among the leading causes of global disability, highlighting the need for early, targeted, and effective treatment. The benefits of exercise therapy in people with hip and knee OA are substantial and supported by high-quality evidence, underlining that it should be part of first-line treatment in clinical practice. Furthermore, unlike other treatments for OA, such as analgesia and surgery, exercise therapy is not associated with risk of serious harm. Helping people with OA become more physically active, along with structured exercise therapy targeting symptoms and impairments, is crucial, considering that the majority of people with hip and knee OA do not meet physical activity recommendations. Osteoarthritis is associated with a range of chronic comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and dementia, all of which are associated with chronic low-grade inflammation. Physical activity and exercise therapy not only improve symptoms and impairments of OA, but are also effective in preventing at least 35 chronic conditions and treating at least 26 chronic conditions, with one of the potential working mechanisms being exercise-induced anti-inflammatory effects. Patient education may be crucial to ensure long-term adherence and sustained positive effects on symptoms, impairments, physical activity levels, and comorbidities. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2018;48(6):439–447. Epub 18 Apr 2018. doi:10.2519/jospt.2018.7877
Adalet Nedir? Mahiyet ve Keyfiyet
Authors: APAYDIN Hacı Yunus 
Published: April 2018

Öz:Felsefeciler, özellikle hukuk felsefecileri, genelde
hukukun en temel idesi olarak niteledikleri adaletin tanımlanmasının zor, hatta
imkânsız olduğunu ifade etmişlerdir. Müslüman bilginler açısından ise adalet esas
itibariyle tanımlanabilir ve gerçekleştirilebilir bir şeydir.

“Adalet nedir?” sorusuna, İslam bilginleri
genel olarak “Adalet dengedir, orta noktadır.” cevabını vermişler ve bunu
temelde biri bireysel diğeri toplumsal olmak üzere belli başlı iki düzey
açısından birbirini tamamlar mahiyette açıklamışlardır.

Bireysel
düzeydeki denge daha çok ahlaki erdem bağlamında insanın şehevî, gazabî ve
behîmî arzularının ifrat ve tefritten uzak olarak denge noktasında, orta bir
seviyede tutulması anlamında alınır. Üç temel ahlaki erdem kabul edilen hikmet,
iffet ve şecaat, bunların aşırı uçlarından kaçınarak sağlanabilmekte ve bu
dengenin sağlanması adalet sonucunu vermektedir.

Üç temel erdemin ifrat ve tefritten korunması
durumunun adalet olarak nitelendirilmesinde olduğu gibi zarûrat-ı hamse
denilen ve korunması şeriatın amacı olan beş temel değerin (can, din, akıl, mal
ve nesil) korunup gerçekleştirilmesi de toplumsal-hukuki adalet sonucunu
vermektedir. Bu bakımdan beş temel değer arasında adaletin özellikle sayılmasına
gerek duyulmamış, belki de korunması amaçlanan beş temel değerin gerektiği
biçimde korunması durumunda adaletin gerçekleşmiş olacağı düşünülmüştür.

Kur’an’daki kullanımlardan ve İslam bilginlerinin ona
atfettikleri anlam ve getirdikleri yorumlardan hareketle “adalet”in içeriğini
belirlemek ve bu içeriğin İslam bilimlerine ve özellikle fıkha nasıl
yansıdığını tespit etmek ve bu tespitler üzerinden İslam bilginlerinin adaleti
gerek birey gerekse toplum açısından nasıl gözle görülür, elle tutulur ve gerçekleştirilebilir
bir şey haline getirdiklerini ortaya koymak bu yazının temel amacını
oluşturmaktadır
Relationship Usage Behavior and Utilization of Media Information By Dairy Farmers
Authors: Zulkarnaen Givary Apriman , Riyanto Sutisna 
Published: April 2018

Media information is currently undergoing rapid development with increasingly widespread use to the rural. The study aims to see the relationship between members of dairy cattle group in Cibogo Village as the characteristics of breeders based on the individual and the environment, the motive of the use of information media, and the behavior of media use with the utilization of information media for livestock activities based on Sapta Usaha Peternakan. This research was conducted with quantitative approach using survey method to 40 breeders supported by qualitative data. The use of information media by breeders is high, with duration and high frequency with more than one type of media. Characteristics of individual ranchers and farmer's environments have a noticeable relation to the part of formal education and social condition. Motive use of information media with motive information, social, identity, and entertainment on the breeder is high and has a real relationship with media usage behavior. Utilization of media in the field of agriculture is seen in the section cage and seed management.Keywords: characteristics of breeders, motive of media usage, sapta usaha peternakan=============================================== ABSTRAKMedia Informasi saat ini mengalami perkembangan yang pesat dengan pemanfaatan yang semakin luas hingga ke pedesaan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara anggota kelompok ternak sapi perah di Desa Cibogo seperti karakteristik peternak berdasarkan individu dan lingkungan, motif penggunaan media informasi, dan perilaku penggunaan media dengan pemanfaatan media informasi untuk kegiatan peternakan berdasarkan Sapta Usaha Peternakan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif menggunakan metode survei terhadap 40 peternak didukung oleh data kualitatif. Penggunaan media informasi oleh peternak sudah tinggi, dengan durasi dan frekuensi yang cukup tinggi dengan lebih dari satu jenis media. Karakteristik peternak individu dan lingkungan peternak memiliki hubungan nyata terlihat pada bagian pendidikan formal dan keadaan sosial. Motif penggunaan media informasi dengan motif informasi, sosial, identitas, dan hiburan pada peternak sudah tinggi dan memiliki hubungan nyata dengan perilaku penggunaan media. Pemanfaatan media pada bidang peternakan terihat pada bagian perkandangan dan pengelolaan bibit. Kata Kunci : Karakteristik peternak, motif penggunaan media, sapta usaha peternakan