bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation on the genetic instability detecting methods for rapid diagnose of Fanconi anemia used in the undeveloped areas of China
Authors: Ji Kaihua , Kong Yangyang , Liu Yang , Wang Yan , Du Liqing , Xu Chang , Li Yuan , Zhang Fengkui , Zhu Xiaofan , Liu Qiang 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIntroductionFanconi anemia (FA), as one of the congenital bone marrow failure syndromes, is characterized by severe bone marrow hypocellularity and pancytopenia which is similar with acquired aplastic anemia (AAA). However, patients with FA or AAA need an accurate diagnose, as the two syndromes differ significantly in both treatment and prognosis. FA results from gene mutations of the FA pathway genes specifically required for DNA repair, and the mutation of these genes contributes to the genome instability of FA cells. Based on this feature, chromosome aberration (CA) has been used as a “golden standard” to the auxiliary diagnosis of FA from AAA. However, CA diagnose calls for more technical requirements and a long time for the subsequent statistical analysis.MethodsIn our study, another two genome instability examination tools, cytokinesis‐block micronucleus (CBMN) and single‐cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE), were used to distinguish FA patients from AAA patients, compared with CA.ResultsThe results suggested that significant differences were observed in the FA patients compared with the AAA patients and the controls using all of the three genomic instability examination tools. However, CBMN is the most cost‐effective method to distinguish FA patients from AAA patients among the three genome instability examination tools, when the time costs, instrument costs, and technical costs were compared.ConclusionIn areas with economic and technical limitations, CBMN is an alternative assay to help distinguish FA patients from AAA patients.
Pentecostal Gift to Christian Unity: Its Possibility in the New Global Context
Authors: Ma Wonsuk 
Published: July 2018

AbstractChurch unity has been much discussed, particularly around the centenary of the Edinburgh Missionary Conference. Pentecostalism, as a new player in today's global Christianity, comes with its unique potential toward church unity and corporation. This study identifies three such gifts: numerical growth, spontaneous ecumenicity through worship, and missional cooperation. The study concludes with a self‐critical caution for fellow Pentecostals and the world church so that these gifts would be strengthened.
Pentecostalism in Mission and Evangelism Today
Authors: Chai Teresa 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis article includes Pentecostal mission strategies and missionary approaches. The author has consciously brought out Asian or non‐Western experiences and perspectives. It touches on some new opportunities and challenges for global Pentecostalism or charismatic Christianity in fulfilling the missionary mandate of the church. Finally, the article evaluates how Pentecostal missions add dimensions to global Christianity.
Power Evangelism in a Protestant Context? Reflections after a Workshop in Samosir/Indonesia
Authors: Währisch‐Oblau Claudia 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis article discusses how the neo‐Pentecostal concept of power evangelism, read from a liberation perspective, might be useful to contextualize evangelism in the Toba Batak region of Samosir. In a situation where evangelistic preaching follows an evangelical forensic paradigm but Christians turn to traditional religious rituals for blessing, healing, and protection, a new approach is needed. Preaching and liturgies informed by a power paradigm might resolve the problem of syncretism, but important theological questions need to be clarified.
A mixed methods review to develop and confirm a framework for assessing midwifery practice in perinatal mental health
Authors: Wadephul Franziska , Jarrett Patricia M. , Jomeen Julie , Martin Colin R. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAimTo ascertain whether a new framework examining midwifery practice in perinatal mental health (PMH) is supported by the research literature.BackgroundThe identification and care of women with PMH problems is increasingly considered part of midwifery practice. Research suggests that many midwives lack knowledge, skills and confidence. It would be useful to be able to determine barriers and facilitators to effective clinical practice. The authors propose a framework comprising five potentially measurable domains which have an impact on midwives’ ability to identify, assess and care for women with PMH problems.DesignThis mixed‐methods review uses an innovative qualitative convergent design based on framework synthesis.Data sourcesRelevant electronic databases were searched for the period from January 2007–December 2016; 33 studies from nine countries met the inclusion criteria.Review methodsStudy quality was assessed using critical appraisal tools. Study findings were mapped onto the five domains of the framework: knowledge, confidence, attitudes, illness perception and infrastructure. Findings were then synthesized for each domain.ResultsAll five domains are substantially represented in the literature, thus supporting the proposed framework. Several sub‐domains and relationships between domains were identified. Varying levels of knowledge, confidence, attitudes and illness perceptions were found; evidence suggests that midwives benefit from further training within these domains. Features of organizational infrastructure act as barriers or facilitators to effective care; these need to be addressed at organizational level.ConclusionThe proposed framework was confirmed and can be used to inform practice, policy and research.
Repeating virtual assembly training facilitates memory for coarse but not fine assembly steps
Authors: Sebastian Katharina , Ghose Tandra , Huff Markus 
Published: July 2018

AbstractHumans segment naturalistic actions into meaningful units. These are hierarchically organized: multiple fine events are part of a coarse event. We investigated how repeated practice of a virtual sequential assembly task influences learning of coarse and fine assembly steps. In Experiment 1, participants (N = 10) parsed the task into coarse and fine events. This determined the task's hierarchical structure. In Experiment 2, domain experts (N = 18) and novices (N = 19) practiced the task in a virtual environment three times with intermittent memory testing. We found a hierarchical level effect: memory improved with repeated virtual training for coarse but not for fine steps. Further, experts' memory for fine assembly steps was higher compared with novices' memory. The hierarchical level effect could be explained by higher saliency (and lower similarity, respectively) of the coarse compared with the fine steps. We discuss implications for virtual training, which compose of hierarchical structure into task presentation.
Explaining Participation Bias in the European Commission's Online Consultations: The Struggle for Policy Gain without too Much Pain
Authors: Røed Maiken , Wøien Hansen Vibeke 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis article investigates participation bias in the European Commission's online consultations by focusing on issue characteristics and using a cost–benefit framework. The main assumption is that a group will choose not to participate when their participation costs exceed the expected benefits. This leads to a more biased participation pattern. We expect this to hold when the proposal discussed in a consultation is more complex, whereas the opposite is the case if the proposal is more salient. Furthermore, we expect there to be an interaction effect between complexity and salience. We test and find support for these expectations in an analysis of more than 350 consultations held between 2001 and 2012.
Ultrahigh‐temperature metamorphism in the Helanshan complex of the Khondalite Belt, North China Craton: Petrology and phase equilibria of spinel‐bearing pelitic granulites
Authors: Gou Longlong , Li Zhenghui , Liu Xiaoming , Dong Yunpeng , Zhao Jiao , Zhang Chengli , Liu Liang , Long Xiaoping 
Published: July 2018

AbstractTo better understand the formation of ultrahigh‐temperature (UHT) metamorphic rocks, we present a detailed petrological study of the recently discovered spinel‐bearing garnet–sillimanite granulites in the Helanshan complex of the Khondalite Belt in the North China Craton. In calculated P–T pseudosections, isopleths of grossular content in the peak assemblage field of garnet+K‐feldspar+sillimanite+spinel+ilmenite+quartz+melt suggest that the metamorphic peak occurred at ∼960–1,030°C and 6.3–7.3 kbar. Using ternary feldspar thermometry, a minimum temperature limit of the peak metamorphic conditions is calculated to be ∼910–955°C at 6.5 kbar, with a weighted mean of ∼940°C. Thus, all these results point to a very steep geothermal gradient well into the UHT field. In addition, a clockwise P–T evolution is determined, which involves pre‐Tmax decompression followed by nearly isobaric cooling. Based on these newly discovered UHT pelitic granulites, which do not contain index minerals typically considered diagnostic of UHT metamorphism, and the high‐P pelitic granulites exposed in the Helanshan and Qianlishan complexes, we propose that the Khondalite Belt is an ultrahot metamorphic orogen formed by collision between the Yinshan and Ordos Terranes. The style of this continental collision was rather different from Phanerozoic collisions, but was similar to the two‐sided hot collision model during the Proterozoic. Two‐sided hot collision involves shallow slab breakoff during collision, which leads to extension and the development of a wide plateau‐like orogen, which is underlain by melt‐bearing mantle that maintains a hot environment at the collision zone.
Consciousness assessment: A questionnaire of current neuroscience nursing practice in Europe
Authors: Vink Peter , Tulek Zeliha , Gillis Katrin , Jönsson Ann‐Cathrin , Buhagiar Jovanca , Waterhouse Cath , Poulsen Ingrid 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAims and objectivesTo study practice in consciousness assessment among neuroscience nurses in Europe.BackgroundOver the years, several instruments have been developed to assess the level of consciousness for patients with brain injury. It is unclear which instrument is being used by nurses in Europe and how they are trained to use these tools adequately.Design/methodsA cross‐sectional questionnaire, created by the European Association of Neuroscience Nurses Research Committee, was sent to neuroscience nurses in 13 European countries. The countries participated in 2016 with a response period of 3 months for each country.ResultsA total of 331 questionnaires were completed by nurses in 11 different countries. Assessment of consciousness was part of the daily routine for a majority of bedside nurses (95%), with an estimated median frequency of six times per shift. The majority uses a standardised instrument, and the Glasgow Coma Scale is the most common. Most participants assess consciousness primarily for clinical decision‐making and report both total scores and subscores. The majority was formally trained or educated in use of the instrument, but methods of training were divers. Besides the estimated frequency of assessments and training, no significant difference was found between bedside nurses and other nurse positions, educational level or kind of institution.ConclusionOur study shows that consciousness assessment is part of the daily routine for most nurses working in neurology/neurosurgery/neurorehabilitation wards in Europe. The greatest variation existed in training methods for the use of the instruments, and we recommend standardised practice in the use of assessment scales.Relevance to clinical practiceIn clinical practice, both managers and staff nurses should focus on formalised training in the use of assessment tools, to ensure reliability and reproducibility. This may also increase the professionalism in the neuroscience nurses’ role and performance.
MDP‐SPECT Versus Hybrid MDP‐SPECT/CT in the Evaluation of Suspected Pars Interarticularis Fracture in Young Athletes
Authors: Gaddikeri Santhosh , Matesan Manuela , Alvarez Jacqueline , Hippe Daniel S. , Vesselle Hubert J. 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSETo assess benefits of hybrid (single photon emission computerized tomography [SPECT]/computed tomography [CT]) imaging over SPECT imaging only in the management of young athletes with low back pain (LBP) due to suspected pars interarticularis fracture.METHODSRetrospectively reviewed medical records of 163 consecutive patients who had radionuclide SPECT imaging for evaluation of LBP between January 1, 2010 and December 30, 2015. All enrolled patients were divided into two groups (group 1: patients with radionuclide SPECT imaging only and group 2: patients with radionuclide hybrid imaging). Radiation dose, cost benefits, and mean duration of delay in complete diagnosis were assessed and compared using Fisher's exact test.RESULTSA total of 91 patients were enrolled after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. The volume CT dose index and dose length product (DLP) estimated for a scan length of 10 cm (DLP 10) were significantly lower for patients in group II (CTDIvol) (P = .001 and P = .001). Although, there was no significant difference in actual DLP (P = .52). There was a median delay of 7 days (interquartile range 2–10 days) for complete diagnosis in group I patients. Least expensive imaging for early definitive diagnosis required for the treatment decisions was in patients who had a radionuclide Technetium‐99m methylene diphosphonate bone scan with limited lumbar spine planar and SPECT imaging followed by a thin slice, limited CT performed only when SPECT imaging was positive for an active pars interarticularis fracture. No significant difference in the management of patients between the groups (P = .47).CONCLUSIONHybrid imaging should be preferred over SPECT only imaging for initial evaluation of suspected pars interarticularis fracture in young athletes with LBP.
These aren’t the loci you’e looking for: Principles of effective SNP filtering for molecular ecologists
Authors: O'Leary Shannon J. , Puritz Jonathan B. , Willis Stuart C. , Hollenbeck Christopher M. , Portnoy David S. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractSequencing reduced‐representation libraries of restriction site‐associated DNA (RADseq) to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) is quickly becoming a standard methodology for molecular ecologists. Because of the scale of RADseq data sets, putative loci cannot be assessed individually, making the process of filtering noise and correctly identifying biologically meaningful signal more difficult. Artefacts introduced during library preparation and/or bioinformatic processing of SNP data can create patterns that are incorrectly interpreted as indicative of population structure or natural selection. Therefore, it is crucial to carefully consider types of errors that may be introduced during laboratory work and data processing, and how to minimize, detect and remove these errors. Here, we discuss issues inherent to RADseq methodologies that can result in artefacts during library preparation and locus reconstruction resulting in erroneous SNP calls and, ultimately, genotyping error. Further, we describe steps that can be implemented to create a rigorously filtered data set consisting of markers accurately representing independent loci and compare the effect of different combinations of filters on four RAD data sets. At last, we stress the importance of publishing raw sequence data along with final filtered data sets in addition to detailed documentation of filtering steps and quality control measures.
TIMP‐1 association with collagen type I overproduction in hereditary gingival fibromatosis
Authors: Gawron Katarzyna , Ochała‐Kłos Anna , Nowakowska Zuzanna , Bereta Grzegorz , Łazarz‐Bartyzel Katarzyna , Grabiec Aleksander M. , Plakwicz Paweł , Górska Renata , Fertala Andrzej , Chomyszyn‐Gajewska Maria , Potempa Jan 
Published: July 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the processes associated with the excessive production of collagen I in hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF).Materials and MethodsThree HGF subjects and five controls were enrolled in the study. Histomorphological and immunohistological analyses were performed on gingival tissues. The expression of heat‐shock protein 47 (HSP47), collagen I, transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), matrix metalloproteinase‐1 (MMP‐1) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase‐1 (TIMP‐1) by gingival fibroblasts isolated from HGF and controls was analysed using qRT–PCR, Western blotting and ELISA.ResultsConsiderable accumulation of fibrotic fibrils and increased synthesis of HSP47 were noted in HGF gingival tissues. The synthesis of collagen I, HSP47, TGF‐β1, CTGF and TIMP‐1 was significantly elevated in HGF gingival fibroblasts compared with controls, while the production of MMP‐1 was decreased.ConclusionsWe report that fibrosis in HGF gingival tissues is associated with increased synthesis of HSP47. This finding was confirmed by an in vitro study, where excessive production of collagen I was associated with increased synthesis of HSP47, TGF‐β1 and CTGF by HGF gingival fibroblasts. Moreover, the shift in the TIMP‐1/MMP‐1 ratio identifies increased synthesis of TIMP‐1 as one of the processes associated with collagen I overproduction in HGF fibroblasts.
Evaluation of the potential biocontrol activity of Dicyma pulvinata against Cladosporium fulvum, the causal agent of tomato leaf mould
Authors: Iida Y. , Ikeda K. , Sakai H. , Nakagawa H. , Nishi O. , Higashi Y. 
Published: July 2018

Cladosporium fulvum, the causal fungus of leaf mould of tomato, is present in most countries that grow tomatoes, and is an economic problem, particularly in Japan. The diverse, complex race structure of C. fulvum in Japan enables the fungus to overcome all resistant commercial cultivars. It was noted that C. fulvum lesions on tomato leaves in the greenhouse were overgrown with white mycelia and that leaf mould did not spread further. Two isolates from the white mycelia, designated 414‐2 and 414‐3, were identified from morphological and phylogenetic analyses as the mycoparasite Dicyma pulvinata. Scanning electron microscopy of inoculated leaves showed the mycoparasite had coiled around C. fulvum hyphae around stomata. Microscopic analysis revealed that C. fulvum, engineered to express green fluorescent protein, died when entwined by the isolates only when cocultured in the absence of a carbon source. These results indicate that these isolates are mycoparasitic fungi that absorbed nutrients from C. fulvum. Two isolates and four strains were evaluated according to their abilities to control disease caused by C. fulvum, form conidia and produce an antifungal agent. Isolate 414‐3 parasitized hyphae of C. fulvum on plants in the greenhouse and inhibited leaf mould caused by all physiological races that cause problems for tomato production in Japan. This indigenous isolate of D. pulvinata may thus serve to control the foliar pathogen C. fulvum.
Changes in testicular size, echotexture, and arterial blood flow associated with the attainment of puberty in Dorper rams raised in a subtropical climate
Authors: Camela Efigénia S. C. , Nociti Ricardo P. , Santos Victor J. C. , Macente Beatrice I. , Murawski Maciej , Vicente Wilter R. R. , Bartlewski Pawel M. , Oliveira Maria Emilia F. 
Published: July 2018

ContentsThere is a paucity of information on the relationships of testicular morphology, echotextural attributes, and blood flow dynamics with pubertal development of rams raised in a subtropical climate. Forty‐five Dorper rams (24 rams aged 8–11 months and 21 rams aged 12–24 months) were examined using a portable ultrasound scanner connected to a 7.5‐MHz transducer. Computer‐assisted analyses of testicular ultrasonograms utilized commercially available Image ProPlus® analytical software. Spectral Doppler scans of testicular arteries were performed immediately after scrotal (B‐mode) ultrasonography to determine peak systolic velocity (PSV), end‐diastolic velocity (EDV), resistive index (RI = [PSV−EDV]/PSV), and pulsatility index (PI = [SPV–EDV]/mean velocity) of the blood vessels. The length of the testes (9.7 ± 0.3 compared with 9.0 ± 0.2 cm) and scrotal circumference (33.3 ± 0.5 compared with 31.8 ± 0.4 cm) were greater (p < 0.05) but testicular depth (4.5 ± 0.1 compared with 4.9 ± 0.08 cm) was less (p < 0.05) in sexually mature compared with peripubertal rams. [Corrections added on 9 Jan 2019 after initial online publication: The testicular size values in the sentence were corrected.] There were no differences (p > 0.05) between the two age groups of Dorper rams in blood flow indices of testicular arteries. Mean numerical pixel values (100.5 ± 4.1 compared with 89.2 ± 4.8) and pixel heterogeneity (25.6 ± 0.6 compared with 23.6 ± 0.5) of testicular parenchyma were greater (p < 0.05) in peripubertal than in postpubertal rams. Semen volume was negatively correlated with PI of testicular arteries (r = −0.57, p = 0.04). In summary, the attainment of sexual maturity in the rams of the present study was associated with significant changes in testicular length and depth, scrotal circumference, and parenchymal echogenicity/hetrogeneity but not in testicular volume and blood perfusion rates. Testicular artery PI can be used to predict the volume of ejaculate in rams.
Reflections on the Use of Conceptual Research in Risk Analysis
Authors: Aven Terje 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA risk analysis science is developing, characterized by knowledge generation on concepts, principles, theories, frameworks, methods, and models, for understanding, assessing, characterizing, communicating, and managing risk (for short referred to as conceptual knowledge generation in risk analysis), as well as supporting risk knowledge generation of specific activities based on these concepts, principles, theories, frameworks, methods, and models. The scientific knowledge generation is based on different types of research methods. This article provides a discussion of some of these, the main purpose being to demonstrate the central role of conceptual knowledge generation and research in risk analysis. The importance of this type of knowledge generation and research is considered undervalued in risk analysis. Several examples are used to illustrate the discussion, including a risk governance framework and the anti‐fragility concept.
The physiology of uric acid and the impact of end‐stage kidney disease and dialysis
Authors: Murea Mariana , Tucker Bryan M. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractUric acid‐mediated biological effects are milieu dependent. In a physiological milieu, serum uric acid serves as an antioxidant; when homeostasis is perturbed, divergent effects are observed depending on the clinical context. Several epidemiologic studies indicated the presence of a direct relationship between higher concentrations of serum uric acid and cardiovascular mortality; yet not all studies support this conclusion. Although high serum levels of uric acid are associated with higher mortality in patients with nondialysis‐dependent chronic kidney disease and perhaps in those with end‐stage kidney disease receiving peritoneal dialysis, the opposite relationship is seen in patients with end‐stage kidney disease on hemodialysis. This review discusses the pathologic mechanisms associated with elevated serum uric acid levels by clinical context; examines the interplay between uric acid metabolism and modality of renal replacement therapy; and presents hypotheses to rationalize the disparate associations between incremental levels of serum uric acid and survival across the continuum of kidney disease and by type of renal replacement therapy.