bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unified strategy for HPLC–MS evaluation of bioactive compounds for quality control of herbal products
Authors: Turova Polina , Stekolshchikova Elena , Baygildiev Timur , Shpigun Oleg , Rodin Igor , Stavrianidi Andrey 
Published: August 2018

AbstractEvaluation of safety, quality and composition of herbal products and food supplements based on botanical ingredients is a matter of serious concern. For screening of botanicals in herbal products multitargeted and group‐targeted approaches may be applied. In the group‐targeted approach botanicals are characterized by means of an appropriate group of structurally related biomarkers compared with the multitargeted approach where a number of selected analytes are monitored based on a multiple reaction monitoring survey. In this study a unified strategy for quality control of herbal products was developed on the basis of fast ultrasound‐assisted extraction, chromatographic separation and mass spectrometric quantification of bioactive compounds. A large list of unique biomarkers were monitored under almost identical chromatographic conditions, while an efficient strategy for HPLC–MS group‐targeted analysis was also developed for comprehensive evaluation of chemical composition of botanicals intensively used for herbal product manufacturing. In the latter case, structurally close compounds were determined in a single ion monitoring mode for the characteristic group of fragment ions, allowing fast profiling and quality assessment of the plant material or complex food supplement. The sensitivity of the developed approaches was on the level of 1–50 ng/mL, which is higher than that of existing HPLC–UV quality control methods.
Supermacrocyclic Assemblies by Hydrogen‐Bond Codes of C7‐Phenol Pyrazolo and Pyrrolo Derivatives of Adenine
Authors: Chai Yingying , Zhou Xinglong , Li Changfu , Ma Beibei , Shen Zhen , Huang Ridong , Chen Hai , Chen Bojiang , Li Weimin , He Yang 
Published: August 2018

AbstractHydrogen bond (HB) mediated base pair motifs are versatile scaffolds of diverse supramolecular constructs. Here, we report that two new four‐ and six‐membered supermacrocyclic assemblies with intriguing geometries could self‐assemble from two new adenine derivatives, APN (1) and APC (2). The conversion of a conventional HB acceptor, N8 of 1, to a non‐conventional HB donor, C8−H of 2, had a pronounced impact on the overall intricate HB network and self‐assembly patterns, epitomizing the subtleties in design and exploitation of such base‐pair motifs as promising tectons for building supramolecular architectures.
Tuning Gas Adsorption by Metal Node Blocking in Photoresponsive Metal–Organic Frameworks
Authors: Yang Chi‐Ta , Kshirsagar Aseem Rajan , Eddin Azzam Charaf , Lin Li‐Chiang , Poloni Roberta 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBy combining first‐principles calculations and classical molecular simulations, an atomistic‐level of understanding was provided towards the notable change in CO2 adsorption upon light treatment in two recently reported photoactive metal–organic frameworks, PCN‐123 and Cu2(AzoBPDC)2(AzoBiPyB). It was demonstrated that the reversible decrease in gas adsorption upon isomerization can be primarily attributed to the blocking of the strong adsorbing sites at the metal nodes by azobenzene molecules in a cis configuration. The same mechanism was found to apply also to other molecules, for example, alkanes and toxic gases. Such understandings are instrumental to the future design of photoresponsive metal–organic frameworks. For example, the metal node‐blocking mechanism can be leveraged to achieve optimal adsorption properties as a function of metal substitution and/or ligand functionalization. As a proof of concept, it was shown that the working capacity could be increased by a factor of two in PCN‐123 by replacing the Zn4O node with the more strongly adsorbing Mg4O.
Comparing two‐step and one‐step chromatic adaptation transforms using the CAT16 model
Authors: Li Changjun , Xu Yang , Wang Zhifeng , Luo Ming Ronnier , Cui Guihua , Melgosa Manuel , Brill Michael H. , Pointer Michael 
Published: August 2018

AbstractColor‐appearance models, CIECAM02 and CAM16, usually include two one‐step chromatic adaptation transforms: a forward (one‐step) transform to convert data from a first illuminant to CIE illuminant E, plus a reverse (one‐step) transform to convert the results from CIE illuminant E to a second illuminant. In practice, however, one‐step chromatic adaptation models, that avoid the use of the intermediate CIE illuminant E, are also employed. Tests using the one‐step CAT16 model indicate failures of both the symmetry and transitivity properties, except in the case where the degree of adaptation D is equal to unity. The magnitude of these failures depends on the specific illuminants selected, and increases as the degree of adaptation decreases. From four possible two‐step CAT16 models, we have identified two that obey the symmetry and transitivity properties, one with slightly better predictions of the experimental corresponding‐color datasets available in the literature, and more consistent with the one‐step CAT16 model. The findings of this article confirm that, for incomplete adaptation, the use of the one‐step CAT is incorrect, and we propose that the use of a two‐step CAT16 model be mandatory for future applications.
Distance‐independent Cross‐correlated Relaxation and Isotropic Chemical Shift Modulation in Protein Dynamics Studies
Authors: Vögeli Beat , Vugmeyster Liliya 
Published: August 2018

AbstractCross‐correlated relaxation (CCR) in multiple‐quantum coherences differs from other relaxation phenomena in its theoretical ability to be mediated across an infinite distance. The two interfering relaxation mechanisms may be dipolar interactions, chemical shift anisotropies, chemical shift modulations or quadrupolar interactions. These properties make multiple‐quantum CCR an attractive probe for structure and dynamics of biomacromolecules not accessible from other measurements. Here, we review the use of multiple‐quantum CCR measurements in dynamics studies of proteins. We compile a list of all experiments proposed for CCR rate measurements, provide an overview of the theory with a focus on protein dynamics, and present applications to various protein systems.
Costs and efficiency of gatekeeping under varying numbers of general practitioners
Authors: Blöndal Björn , Ásgeirsdóttir Tinna Laufey 
Published: August 2018

SummaryWe study the relationship between gatekeeping on one hand and costs as well as efficiency on the other hand. We do this with special focus on the relative amount of general practitioners in the system when compared with all practitioners. Data collected between 2002 and 2011 by The Organization for Economic Co‐operation and Development on 34 countries were analyzed. Of those, 18 countries have gatekeeping systems while 16 do not. The association between gatekeeping and health care costs was examined with regression analysis. Efficiency was assessed with data envelopment analysis. Finally, the efficiency assessments were analyzed with regression techniques to examine if gatekeeping and/or the ratio of GPs to all practitioners was associated with efficiency. Point estimates indicate that total costs tend to be lower in systems where GPs act as gatekeepers. However, efficiency is slightly lower where gatekeeping exists. Neither of these results is statistically significant at the 95% confidence level. There is also indication that the efficiency of a gatekeeping system increases with increased amount of GPs. When GPs are over 30% of practitioners, gatekeeping countries have more efficient health care systems than their counterparts. Consistent with other studies, we estimate income elasticity of health care demand to be 1.12, suggesting that those societies consider health care to be a luxury good.
Oral administration of powdered dried rhizomes of Curcuma longa L. (turmeric, Zingiberaceae) is effective in the treatment of doxorubicin‐induced kidney injury in rats
Authors: Russo Enzo R. , Facincani Inalda , Nakazato Katia C. , Coimbra Terezila M. , Crevelin Eduardo J. , Pereira Ana Maria S. , Carmona Fabio 
Published: August 2018

Curcumin is a polyphenol present in the rhizomes of the species Curcuma longa L. (“turmeric,” Zingiberaceae), which has been used for centuries as an anti‐inflammatory. We aimed to evaluate the anti‐inflammatory effects of C. longa in renal injury induced by doxorubicin (DOX, 3.5 mg.kg−1 IV). We studied four groups of Wistar rats: two groups with DOX‐induced kidney injury, one fed with standard food and another with standard food mixed with C. longa (5 mg.g−1). Two other control groups without kidney injury were fed with the same foods. We measured albuminuria, body weight, and food intake every 2 weeks. After 8 weeks, treatment with C. longa did not change albuminuria, but it significantly attenuated the excretion of urinary inflammatory markers monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1) and transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) and significantly attenuated immunostaining for desmin, vimentin, and ED‐1+ cells in renal tissues of rats with DOX‐induced kidney injury. In addition, treatment with C. longa resulted in significantly lower glomerular and tubule interstitial injury scores, compared with that in the DOX‐STD group. In conclusion, administration of powdered rhizomes of C. longa for 8 weeks to rats with DOX‐induced kidney injury did not reduce albuminuria but led to a significant decrease in urinary inflammatory markers MCP‐1 and TGF‐β and decreased histopathological alterations and immunostaining for desmin, vimentin, and ED‐1+ cells kidneys tissues.
Whole-exome sequencing reveals doubly novel heterozygous Myosin Binding Protein C and Titin mutations in a Chinese patient with severe dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Fan Liang-Liang , Chen Ya-Qin , Huang Hao , Jin Jie-Yuan , Li Jing-Jing , Tan Zhi-Ping 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundDilated Cardiomyopathy is a serious heart disorder that may induce sudden cardiac death and heart failure. Significant progress has been made in understanding the molecular basis of dilated cardiomyopathy. In previous studies, mutations in more than fifty genes have been identified in dilated cardiomyopathy patients. The purpose of this study was to detect the genetic lesion in a family from the central south of China affected by severe dilated cardiomyopathy.MethodsWhole-exome sequencing combined with cardiomyopathy-related genes list were used to analyse the mutations of the proband. Co-segregation analysis was performed by Sanger sequencing.Results and conclusionsTwo novel heterozygous mutations – Myosin Binding Protein C: p.L1014RfsX6 and Titin: p.R9793X – were identified in the proband. The deletion mutation c.3041delT/p.L1014RfsX6 caused a premature stop codon at position 1020 in exon 28 of the Myosin Binding Protein C. The nonsense mutation, c.29377 C>T/ p. R9793X, of Titin was located in the highly evolutionarily conserved domain, resulting in truncation of the Titin protein as well. Co-segregation analysis further revealed that the Myosin Binding Protein C mutation came from his mother and the Titin mutation came from his father. Both mutations are reported in dilated cardiomyopathy patients for the first time. Our study not only provides a unique example of the genes and molecular mechanisms involved in dilated cardiomyopathy but also expands the spectrum of Myosin Binding Protein C and Titin mutations and contributes to the genetic diagnosis and counselling of dilated cardiomyopathy patients.
Compassion satisfaction and fatigue: an investigation into levels being reported by radiotherapy students
Authors: Flinton David , Cherry Pam , Thorne Richard , Mannion Liam , O’Sullivan Chris , Khine Ricardo 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIntroductionStudies have investigated the prevalence of compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue in various healthcare professions. However, the majority of evidence is linked to the nursing profession and little is known about paramedical professions such as radiography and even less is known about its prevalence in students. The purpose of this study was to describe the levels of compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue in the student population and how they varied in time.MethodsStudents undertaking radiotherapy training at the researcher’s host sites were surveyed using the Professional Quality of Life questionnaire at the end of each final clinical block in each year of their training.Results and conclusionDuring the 3 years of training compassion satisfaction falls and burnout increases in the student population, although the change is not significant. Secondary traumatic stress increases significantly during the 3 years of training, F=5·725, p=0·005. Considerable variation also exists in the three scores dependent on the student’s clinical training site. Relationships are also observed between some personality traits, particularly conscientiousness and neuroticism and compassion scores.
Harnessing genetic potential of wheat germplasm banks through impact-oriented-prebreeding for future food and nutritional security
Authors: Singh Sukhwinder , Vikram Prashant , Sehgal Deepmala , Burgueño Juan , Sharma Achla , Singh Sanjay K. , Sansaloni Carolina P. , Joynson Ryan , Brabbs Thomas , Ortiz Cynthia , Solis-Moya Ernesto , Govindan Velu , Gupta Naveen , Sidhu Harminder S. , Basandrai Ashwani K. , Basandrai Daisy , Ledesma-Ramires Lourdes , Suaste-Franco Maria P. , Fuentes-Dávila Guillermo , Moreno Javier I. , Sonder Kai , Singh Vaibhav K. , Singh Sanjay , Shokat Sajid , Arif Mian A. R. , Laghari Khalil A. , Srivastava Puja , Bhavani Sridhar , Kumar Satish , Pal Dharam , Jaiswal Jai P. , Kumar Uttam , Chaudhary Harinder K. , Crossa Jose , Payne Thomas S. , Imtiaz Muhammad , Sohu Virinder S. , Singh Gyanendra P. , Bains Navtej S. , Hall Anthony , Pixley Kevin V. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe value of exotic wheat genetic resources for accelerating grain yield gains is largely unproven and unrealized. We used next-generation sequencing, together with multi-environment phenotyping, to study the contribution of exotic genomes to 984 three-way-cross-derived (exotic/elite1//elite2) pre-breeding lines (PBLs). Genomic characterization of these lines with haplotype map-based and SNP marker approaches revealed exotic specific imprints of 16.1 to 25.1%, which compares to theoretical expectation of 25%. A rare and favorable haplotype (GT) with 0.4% frequency in gene bank identified on chromosome 6D minimized grain yield (GY) loss under heat stress without GY penalty under irrigated conditions. More specifically, the ‘T’ allele of the haplotype GT originated in Aegilops tauschii and was absent in all elite lines used in study. In silico analysis of the SNP showed hits with a candidate gene coding for isoflavone reductase IRL-like protein in Ae. tauschii. Rare haplotypes were also identified on chromosomes 1A, 6A and 2B effective against abiotic/biotic stresses. Results demonstrate positive contributions of exotic germplasm to PBLs derived from crosses of exotics with CIMMYT’s best elite lines. This is a major impact-oriented pre-breeding effort at CIMMYT, resulting in large-scale development of PBLs for deployment in breeding programs addressing food security under climate change scenarios.
From homogeneous to heterogeneous network alignment via colored graphlets
Authors: Gu Shawn , Johnson John , Faisal Fazle E. , Milenković Tijana 
Published: August 2018

AbstractNetwork alignment (NA) compares networks with the goal of finding a node mapping that uncovers highly similar (conserved) network regions. Existing NA methods are homogeneous, i.e., they can deal only with networks containing nodes and edges of one type. Due to increasing amounts of heterogeneous network data with nodes or edges of different types, we extend three recent state-of-the-art homogeneous NA methods, WAVE, MAGNA++, and SANA, to allow for heterogeneous NA for the first time. We introduce several algorithmic novelties. Namely, these existing methods compute homogeneous graphlet-based node similarities and then find high-scoring alignments with respect to these similarities, while simultaneously maximizing the amount of conserved edges. Instead, we extend homogeneous graphlets to their heterogeneous counterparts, which we then use to develop a new measure of heterogeneous node similarity. Also, we extend S3, a state-of-the-art measure of edge conservation for homogeneous NA, to its heterogeneous counterpart. Then, we find high-scoring alignments with respect to our heterogeneous node similarity and edge conservation measures. In evaluations on synthetic and real-world biological networks, our proposed heterogeneous NA methods lead to higher-quality alignments and better robustness to noise in the data than their homogeneous counterparts. The software and data from this work is available at https://nd.edu/~cone/colored_graphlets/.
Nanoscale Peptide Self-assemblies Boost BCG-primed Cellular Immunity Against Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Chesson Charles B. , Huante Matthew , Nusbaum Rebecca J. , Walker Aida G. , Clover Tara M. , Chinnaswamy Jagannath , Endsley Janice J. , Rudra Jai S. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is the only vaccine against TB and has limited protection efficacy, which wanes past adolescence. Multifunctional CD8+ T cells (IFN-γ+/TNF-α+/IL-2+) are associated with lower reactivation risk and enhanced control of activeMtbinfection. Since boosting with BCG is contraindicated, booster vaccines that augment T cell immunity in the lungs of BCG-vaccinated individuals are urgently needed. We developed a vaccination strategy based on self-assembling peptide nanofibers presentingMtb-specific CD8+ or CD4+ T cell epitopes that induce high frequency and antigen-specific effector memory T cells producing IFN-γ and IL-2. Intranasal immunization with peptide nanofibers was well tolerated in mice leading to increased antigen-specific CD8+ T cell population in the lungs. Co-assembled nanofibers of CD8+ T cell epitopes and toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) agonists induced a 8-fold expansion in multifunctional CD8+ T cell populations in the lungs of vaccinated mice. Aerosol challenge withMtbin BCG-primed and nanofiber-boosted mice provided an additional 0.5-log CFU reduction in lung bacterial load and indicating enhanced protection compared to BCG alone. Together, these data suggest that heterologous prime-boost with BCG and peptide nanofiber vaccines induces cell mediated immunity in the lung, reduces bacterial burden, and is a potentially safer alternative for boosting BCG-primed immunity.
Parameters and models of the jets from Sanduleak’s star in the LMC
Authors: Camps-Fariña A. , Raga A. C. , Noriega-Crespo A. 
Published: August 2018

Context. Angeloni and collaborators have discovered a bipolar jet extending out to ~6 pc from “Sanduleak’s star” in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). This is the first angularly resolved stellar jet system that has been observed outside our Galaxy.
Aims. In this paper we use archival Hubble Space Telescope (HST) images of this jet in order to estimate the flow parameters, and use them to explore two possible theoretical scenarios for modelling this bipolar outflow.
Methods. We have computed axisymmetric gasdynamic simulations of a conical outflow with an opening angle that increases with time and of a cylindrical jet interacting with a stratified circumstellar structure. The results of these models are then compared with the observed morphology of the jets from Sanduleak’s star.
Results. From the observations, we obtain Ṁj ≈ 1.2 × 10−5M⊙ yr−1 and Lm ≈ 1000 L⊙ for the mass loss rate and the mechanical luminosity (respectively) of each of the outflow lobes. We also obtain a (deprojected) flow velocity vj ≈ 1000 km s−1 and a dynamical time tdyn ≈ 7300 yr. From the simulations that we have computed (with these flow parameters), we find that both the “opening out conical wind” and the “jet+stratified environment” scenarios have characteristics that resemble the observed morphologies. A more complete model for the jets from Sanduleak’s star might incorporate some of the features of these two scenarios.
Lessons Learned Using a High-Definition 3-Dimensional Exoscope for Spinal Surgery
Authors: Kwan Kevin , Schneider Julia R , Du Victor , Falting Lukas , Boockvar John A , Oren Jonathan , Levine Mitchell , Langer David J 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The operative microscope has significantly advanced modern neurosurgical spine surgery but continues to be limited by high costs, suboptimal optics, poor ergonomics, and difficulties with maneuverability. We believe the novel 4K high-definition (4K-HD) 3-dimensional (3D) exoscope (EX), may improve the surgical corridor through advancements in illumination, ergonomics, magnification, and depth of field and has the potential to be utilized in neurosurgical education and training.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the surgical potential of a novel 3D EX system in spinal surgery.

METHODS
Retrospective analysis over 6 mo of all patients who have undergone spinal surgery at Northwell Health using the 3D EX. Nuances of surgical theater positioning, advantages/disadvantages of the EX and clinical sequelae of the patients were analyzed.

RESULTS
All 10 patients who underwent spinal surgery utilizing the EX experienced excellent surgical and clinical outcomes without complications. The low-profile EX allowed for excellent operative corridors and instrument maneuverability. The large monitor also resulted in an immersive surgical experience, and gave team members the same 3D vision as the operator.

CONCLUSION
This study demonstrates the feasibility of utilizing the 3D 4K-HD EX system and highlights potential technical assets of this novel technology in regard to optics, ergonomics, and maneuverability. Further clinical research is needed to examine the clinical effectiveness of the EX system for different surgical approaches through quantitative methodology.