bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of incremental levels of dietary total sulfur amino acids on performance of white leghorn laying hens fed diets containing guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) meal
Authors: Rama Rao Savaram , Paul Shyam S , Raju Mantena , Prakash Bhukiya , Srilatha Thota 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe present study evaluated the potential of increasing dietary levels of the most limiting amino acids such as total sulfur amino acids (TSAA) with respect to mitigating the adverse effects of the inclusion of guar meal (GM) in the diet of WL layers on egg production, feed efficiency and egg weight. In total, 4928 WL (Lohmann L) hens (32 week of age) were randomly allotted to eight treatments with seven replicates of 88 birds. The dietary treatments were a set of four maize–soybean meal based diets containing four graded concentrations of TSAA (5.85, 6.18, 6.51 and 6.84 g kg−1) and another set of four diets containing 100 g kg−1 guar meal (GM) with similar concentrations of TSAA.RESULTSThe inclusion of 100 g kg−1 GM in the diet caused a 20%, 23%, 35.5% and 6.7% reduction in egg production, daily egg mass, feed efficiency and egg weight, respectively, when the diet contained 5.85 g kg−1 TSAA. Increasing TSAA levels in GM groups reduced the adverse effects on egg production and feed efficiency 50%, with no effect on egg weight. The TSAA requirement of WL birds fed 10% GM was estimated as 6.28–7.39 g kg−1 diet at different ages.CONCLUSIONIncreasing dietary TSAA to 7.39, 6.28, 6.53 and 6.37 g kg−1 or dTSAA (digestible TSAA) to 6.53, 5.32, 5.80 and 5.63 g kg−1 during 33–36, 37–40, 41–44 and 45–48 weeks of age, respectively, may be an effective and practical strategy for reducing the adverse effects of inclusion of 100 g kg−1 GM in the diet of WL layers. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Facile Synthesis of Resveratrol Nanogels with Enhanced Fluorescent Emission
Authors: Chen Xin , Yang Huailin , Xiao Chunsheng , Chen Xuesi 
Published: December 2018

AbstractHerein, a kind of fluorescent resveratrol nanogels via one‐pot thiol‐ene Michael addition polymerization of resveratrol triacrylate, 1,6‐hexanedithiol, and methoxyl poly(ethylene glycol) acrylate is prepared. The resultant nanogels can be well‐dispersed in water with a hydrodynamic radius of around 68 nm, and the nanogels are stable in both water and organic solvents. Moreover, the resveratrol nanogels exhibit elevated fluorescence intensity compared to free resveratrol, and the quantum yield of resveratrol nanogels is estimated to be 5.8 times as that of free resveratrol dispersed in water. Fluorescence image results also demonstrate that the resveratrol nanogels can be used for cell imaging in MCF‐7 human breast cancer cells. Therefore, the resveratrol nanogels are expected to be used as a trackable drug delivery system.
Low‐phase noise 8.22 GHz GaN HEMT oscillator using a feedback multi‐path transformer
Authors: Jang Sheng‐Lyang , Hou Jui Chieh , Shih Bi‐Sheng , Li Guan‐Zhang 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis article designs a low‐phase noise 8.22 GHz GaN high electron‐mobility transistor (HEMT) oscillator in the WIN 0.25 μm GaN HEMT process. The oscillator uses a HEMT amplifier with a transformer as the feedback network. The transformer uses a 3‐path secondary inductor and a single‐path primary inductor. The GaN oscillator consumes the power 4.328 mW and generates a signal at 8.22 GHz with an output power −11.35 dBm. At 1 MHz frequency offset from the carrier at 8.22 GHz the phase noise is −120.82 dBc/Hz, the figure of merit of the proposed oscillator is −192.76 dBc/Hz. The oscillator chip occupies an area of 2 × 1 mm2.
A broadband microstrip patch antenna with multiple open slots
Authors: Li Wei‐Wen , Li Qiu‐Hao , Meng Yang , Wang Jin‐Yu , Xu Wei‐Ming 
Published: December 2018

AbstractTo construct a wideband microstrip patch antenna, the air‐filled dielectric substrate is used, 3 open slots are loaded perpendicular to the radiating edge of the rectangular patch element, and an asymmetric feed point is selected. The experimental results show that the proposed antenna can achieve a relative bandwidth of >40% when the thickness of the air dielectric substrate is about 0.08 wavelengths. The analysis results indicate that the antenna resonant mechanism at lower frequencies is different from that at higher frequencies. The low frequency radiation is typical linear polarization, while the high frequency radiation has the rotating field characteristic and therefore has large cross polarization component. However, the gain in the working frequency band is above 8.5 dBi, indicating that the proposed antenna has high directivity.
Baseline imbalances and clinical outcomes of atypical antipsychotics in dementia: A meta‐epidemiological study of randomized trials
Authors: Hulshof Tessa A. , Zuidema Sytse U. , van Meer Peter J.K. , Gispen‐de Wied Christine C. , Luijendijk Hendrika J. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo assess baseline imbalances in placebo‐controlled trials of atypical antipsychotics in dementia, and their association with neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS), extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), and mortality.MethodWe searched for trials in multiple sources. Two reviewers extracted baseline characteristics and outcomes per treatment group. We calculated direction, range, pooled mean, and heterogeneity in the baseline differences, and used meta‐regression for the relationship with the outcomes.ResultsWe identified 23 trials. Baseline type of dementia, cognitive impairment and NPS were poorly reported. The drug group had a higher mean age than the placebo group in nine trials and lower mean age in three trials (p = 0.073). The difference in percentage men between the drug and placebo group ranged from −9.7% to 4.4%. There were no statistically significant pooled baseline differences, but heterogeneity was present for age. Higher mean age at baseline in the drug versus placebo group was significantly associated with greater reduction in NPS, and higher percentage of non‐White persons with lower risk of EPS. Imbalances were not significantly associated with risk of mortality.ConclusionRandomized trials of atypical antipsychotics in dementia showed baseline imbalances that were associated with higher efficacy and lower risk of EPS for atypical antipsychotics versus placebo.
Impact of Intravenous Lipid Emulsions Containing Fish Oil on Clinical Outcomes in Critically Ill Surgical Patients: A Literature Review
Authors: Honeywell Samantha , Zelig Rena , Rigassio Radler Diane 
Published: December 2018

AbstractA fish oil (FO)–containing intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE; FO ILE) has been approved for use in the United States; however, similar formulations have been used throughout Europe and China in intensive care units since the 1990s. This literature review evaluates the evidence regarding the effectiveness of FO ILE on clinical outcomes in the critically ill surgical patient population. The review of available evidence demonstrates that ILEs containing FO lower triglyceride concentrations, inflammatory markers, and liver function enzymes, and improve morbidity and mortality outcomes in critically ill surgical patients.
A Spin‐2 Conjecture on the Swampland
Authors: Klaewer Daniel , Lüst Dieter , Palti Eran 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWe consider effective theories with massive fields that have spins larger than or equal to two. We conjecture a universal cutoff scale on any such theory that depends on the lightest mass of such fields. This cutoff corresponds to the mass scale of an infinite tower of states, signalling the breakdown of the effective theory. The cutoff can be understood as the Weak Gravity Conjecture applied to the Stückelberg gauge field in the mass term of the high spin fields. A strong version of our conjecture applies even if the graviton itself is massive, so to massive gravity. We provide further evidence for the conjecture from string theory.
Inside Cover: Cover Image, Volume 75, Issue 1
Authors: Santos Samuel Alves dos , Tuffi‐Santos Leonardo David , Tanaka Francisco André Ossamu , Sant'Anna‐Santos Bruno Francisco , Rodrigues Fabrício de Ávila , Alfenas Acelino Couto 
Published: December 2018

The inside cover image is based on the Research Article Carfentrazone‐ethyl and glyphosate drift inhibits uredinial formation of Austropuccinia psidii on Eucalyptus grandis leaves by Samuel Alves dos Santos et al., DOI: 10.1002/ps.5163.
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Optimal Bayesian maintenance policy for a gearbox subject to two dependent failure modes
Authors: Li Xin , Makis Viliam , Zhao Zhendong , Zuo Hongfu , Duan Chaoqun , Zhang Yuanyuan 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMost maintenance optimization models of gear systems have considered single failure mode. There have been very few papers dealing with multiple failure modes, considering mostly independent failure modes. In this paper, we present an optimal Bayesian control scheme for early fault detection of the gear system with dependent competing risks. The system failures include degradation failure and catastrophic failure. A three‐state continuous‐time–homogeneous hidden Markov model (HMM), namely the model with unobservable healthy and unhealthy states, and an observable failure state, describes the deterioration process of the gear system. The condition monitoring information as well as the age of the system are considered in the proposed optimal Bayesian maintenance policy. The objective is to maximize the long‐run expected average system availability per unit time. The maintenance optimization model is formulated and solved in a semi‐Markov decision process (SMDP) framework. The posterior probability that the system is in the warning state is used for the residual life estimation and Bayesian control chart development. The prediction results show that the mean residual lives obtained in this paper are much closer to the actual values than previously published results. A comparison with the Bayesian control chart based on the previously published HMM and the age‐based replacement policy is given to illustrate the superiority of the proposed approach. The results demonstrate that the Bayesian control scheme with two dependent failure modes can detect the gear fault earlier and improve the availability of the system.
A DFT study on the possibility of using a single Cu atom incorporated nitrogen‐doped graphene as a promising and highly active catalyst for oxidation of CO
Authors: Esrafili Mehdi D. , Mousavian Parisasadat 
Published: December 2018

AbstractUsing dispersion‐corrected density functional theory (DFT) calculations, a single Cu adatom incorporated nitrogen‐doped graphene (CuN3‐Gr) is proposed as a new and highly active noble‐metal‐free catalyst for carbon monoxide (CO) oxidation reaction. According to our results, the Cu adatom can be stably anchored onto the monovavancy site of the nitrogen‐doped graphene, and the resulting large diffusion barrier suggests that the metal clustering is avoided in CuN3‐Gr. Three possible reaction mechanisms for CO oxidation (ie, Eley–Rideal, Langmuir–Hinshelwood, and termolecular Eley–Rideal) are systematically studied. It is found that the activation energy for the rate‐determining step of the termolecular Eley–Rideal mechanism is only 0.13 eV, which is much smaller than those of others. The results of this study may provide a useful guideline for the design of highly active and promising single‐metal catalysts for the CO oxidation reaction based on graphene.
Facile Construction and In Silico Study of Quinoline‐Attached Resorcinarene Fluorescent Sensor for the Recognition of Insensitive Munition Compounds
Authors: Panchal Urvi , Modi Krunal , Liska Alan , Ludvik Jiri , Dey Shuvankar , Patel Chirag , Jain V. K. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractN‐methyl‐4‐nitroaniline (MNA), an insensitive munition is selectively and sensitively recognized by a new resorcinarene bearing quinoline moiety, i.e, Tetra‐Methoxy Resorcinarene Tetra‐Quinoline Acetamide (TMRTQA). A simple and efficient spectrofluorimetric technique demonstrates the quenching of the fluorescence intensity of TMRTQA upon addition of MNA within concentration limits of 2 nM to 1 μM. Binding constant and quantum yield have been determined in this study. Molecular docking studies have been performed to predict the best binding affinity and the possible interactions for the formation of complex between TMRTQA and MNA supporting the 1:1 stoichiometry. Density functional theory calculation also support the excitation wavelength and geometry optimization. MNA being a hazardous environmental pollutant has been successfully detected from the water sample by standard addition method.
Selective High Binding Affinity of Azacyanines to polyd(A) polyd(T)⋅polyd(T) Triplex: The Effect of Chain Length and Branching on Stabilization, Selectivity and Affinity
Authors: Tutuncu Serra , Guloglu Sercan , Kucukakdag Ayca , Cetinkol Ozgul Persil 
Published: December 2018

AbstractTriplex nucleic acid structures receive considerable attention due to their possible role in anti‐gene therapy, several diseases as Friedreich's ataxia and Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) based nano‐structures. The modulation of triplex formation and its stabilization using small molecules is one way to enhance their utility in such applications. Here, we synthesized five new Azacyanines (Azaethyl (2 b), Azapropyl (2 c), Azaisopropyl (2 d), Azabutyl (2 e), Azaisobutyl (2 f)) and assessed their affinity and selectivity towards polyd(A), polyd(T), polyd(A)⋅polyd(T) and polyd(A)⋅polyd(T)⋅polyd(T) along with the previously synthesized Azamethyl (2 a). Our UV‐Vis, CD and competition dialysis results revealed that Azacyanines were selective towards polyd(A)⋅polyd(T)⋅polyd(T) triplex. They were stabilizing triplex structure to different degrees, the degree of stabilization being dependent on the alkyl chain length and branching on the benzimidazole ring. Thermal denaturation temperature of the triplex in the presence of Azacyanines was increasing in order: Azamethyl (2 a) > Azaethyl (2 b) > Azapropyl (2 c) > Azabutyl (2 e)> Azaisobutyl (2 f) > Azaisopropyl (2 d). Our results also demonstrate that, Azamethyl (2 a) was able to disproportionate polyd(A)⋅polyd(T) into intercalated polyd(A)⋅polyd(T)⋅polyd(T) complex.
The great pyramids of America: A revised history of U.S. business groups, corporate ownership, and regulation, 1926–1950
Authors: Kandel Eugene , Kosenko Konstantin , Morck Randall , Yafeh Yishay 
Published: December 2018

Research Summary: Control‐magnifying (pyramidal) business groups—multiple tiers of partially‐owned listed affiliates and fully‐owned private affiliates, a dominant organizational form around the world—are virtually absent in America today. Using newly‐assembled historical data, we show that such groups were ubiquitous in the U.S. economy in the 1930s. They came under attack because of their economic and political sway: Some New Deal reforms—proscriptions against public utilities pyramids, intercorporate dividend taxes, and rules governing investment companies—were explicitly aimed at deterring existing groups and preventing new ones from forming. Others, for example, estate taxes and securities law reforms, may have also worked against them. No single reform triggered the immediate dissolution of groups; they broke up under an ongoing anti‐big business sentiment. These events offer lessons for policymakers today.
Managerial Summary: Most listed U.S. firms are “standalone”—they do not control, and are not controlled by, other listed firms. Control‐magnifying (pyramidal) business groups—multiple tiers of partially‐owned listed affiliates and fully‐owned private affiliates (e.g., Samsung or Tata)—are ubiquitous around the world but virtually absent in United States. In such groups, the combination of multiple tiers and partial ownership enables control over vast corporate empires. Using newly‐assembled historical data, we show that the U.S. corporate ownership as we know it today is a recent phenomenon: pyramidal groups were common in United States of the 1930s. President Roosevelt, who regarded their economic and political power as excessive, initiated a sequence of reforms which appears to have worn these groups down and probably also kept new ones from forming. JEL CLASSIFICATION: G3, G34, G38, N22.
A Superior Method for Constructing Electrical Percolation Network of Nanocomposite Fibers: In Situ Thermally Reduced Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Ajmal C. Muhammed , Bae Seonghyun , Baik Seunghyun 
Published: December 2018

AbstractNanocomposite fibers, composed of conductive nanoparticles and polymer matrix, are crucial for wearable electronics. However, the nanoparticle mixing approach results in aggregation and dispersion problems. A revolutionary synthesis method by premixing silver precursor ions (silver ammonium acetate) with polyvinyl alcohol is reported here. The solvation of ions‐prevented aggregation, and uniformly distributed silver nanoparticles (in situ AgNPs, 77 nm) are formed after thermal reduction (155 °C) without using additional reducing or dispersion agents. The conductive fiber is synthesized by the wet spinning technology. After careful optimization, flower‐shaped silver nanoparticles (AgNFs, 350–450 nm) are also employed as cofillers. The addition of in situ AgNPs (9.5 vol%) to AgNFs (30 vol%) increases electrical conductivity by 1434% (2090 to 32 064 S cm−1) through the efficient construction of percolation networks. The in situ AgNPs provide significantly higher conductivity compared with other secondary nanoparticle fillers. The gaseous byproducts dramatically increase flexibility with a moderate compromise in tensile strength (55 MPa). The particle‐free ion‐level uniform mixing of silver precursors, followed by in situ reduction, would be a fundamental paradigm shift in nanocomposite synthesis.
Reactive Inkjet Printing of Functional Silk Stirrers for Enhanced Mixing and Sensing
Authors: Zhang Yu , Gregory David A. , Zhang Yi , Smith Patrick J. , Ebbens Stephen J. , Zhao Xiubo 
Published: December 2018

AbstractStirring small volumes of solution can reduce immunoassay readout time, homogenize cell cultures, and increase enzyme reactivity in bioreactors. However, at present many small scale stirring methods require external actuation, which can be cumbersome. To address this, here, reactive inkjet printing is shown to be able to produce autonomously rotating biocompatible silk‐based microstirrers that can enhance fluid mixing. Rotary motion is generated either by release of a surface active agent (small molecular polyethylene glycol) resulting in Marangoni effect, or by catalytically powered bubble propulsion. The Marangoni driven devices do not require any chemicals to be added to the fluid as the “fuel,” while the catalytically powered devices are powered by decomposing substrate molecules in solution. A comparison of Marangoni effect and enzyme powered stirrers is made. Marangoni effect driven stirrers rotate up to 600 rpm, 75–100‐fold faster than enzyme driven microstirrers, however enzyme powered stirrers show increased longevity. Further to stirring applications, the sensitivity of the motion generation mechanisms to fluid properties allows the rotating devices to also be exploited for sensing applications, for example, acting as motion sensors for water pollution.
Rate coefficient and collision frequency for electron collision process in hot SF6 gas under electric field: electrical breakdown property at 300–3000 K
Authors: Yokomizu Yasunobu , Murakita Keisuke , Kojima Yuki , Matsumura Toshiro , Sato Motohiro , Horinouchi Katsuhiko 
Published: December 2018

Hot SF6 gas of several thousand kelvins is produced during the current interruption process in a gas circuit breaker. If the hot gas is subjected to an electric field, electrical breakdown of the hot gas can occur as a consequence of the ionization and attachment processes by electron impact. The probability of occurrence of the process is stated in terms of a rate coefficient. First, this paper describes the rate coefficients of the electron impact processes in the hot SF6 gas subjected to an electric field. The rate coefficients in SF6 gas in the range 300–3000 K at 0.6 MPa are evaluated for 21 processes such as SF4 + e → SF4+ + 2e and F2 + e → (F2−)* → F− + F. Second, using these rate coefficients we obtain the collision frequencies of the 21 processes and find out the predominant processes in the hot SF6 gas. Finally, 26 continuity equations with the rate coefficients are expressed in terms of the particle number densities. Using numerical solutions of the continuity equations, we derive the critical electric field of SF6 gas for different temperatures. Furthermore, comparative discussions are presented on the critical electric field strength and the collision cross‐sections shown in other published papers. The present study is considered to provide the rate coefficients and the critical electric field strengths with higher accuracy. © 2018 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Predicting suicidal ideation by interpersonal variables, hopelessness and depression in real-time. An ecological momentary assessment study in psychiatric inpatients with depression
Authors: Hallensleben N. , Glaesmer H. , Forkmann T. , Rath D. , Strauss M. , Kersting A. , Spangenberg L. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjective:To extend evidence on the short-term variability of passive and active suicidal ideation (SI) and the association with suggested proximal risk factors such as interpersonal variables (perceived burdensomeness [PB], thwarted belongingness [TB], hopelessness, and depression) in real-time.Methods:This is an observational study using a prospective design applying ecological momentary assessments (EMA). Eligible for study inclusion were inpatients with unipolar depression, current or lifetime suicidal ideation, and fluent German. Over six days, 74 participants rated their momentary level of passive and active SI, PB, TB, depressiveness, and hopelessness up to 10 times per day on smartphones. Data was collected from August 2015 to July 2017. Compliance was excellent (89.7%).Results:Mean squared successive differences supported temporal instability for all variables. According intra-class correlations, between 25% and 47% of variance was accounted for by within-person variability. Multilevel analysis demonstrated significant positive associations between hopelessness, depressiveness, PB, and TB with passive SI. Prospectively, hopelessness and PB remained predictors of passive SI. For active SI, hopelessness, depression, PB, and TB were significantly associated cross-sectionally. Prospectively, hopelessness, PB, and the interaction PBxTB predicted active SI. All models were controlled for previous level of SI.Conclusions:This study provides further evidence on the short-term variability of SI in very short time frames implying the need of assessing SI repeatedly in clinical and research settings. The associations between interpersonal variables and passive and active SI were only partial in line with assumptions of the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide. Overall, the effects were small warranting further investigation.