bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient Photooxidation of Aryl(hetaryl)pyrazolines by Benzoquinone
Authors: Traven Valery F. , Ivanov Ivan V. , Dolotov Sergei M. , Semakin Artem N. , Cheptsov Dmitriy A. , Mamirgova Zarina Z. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPhotooxidation of aryl(hetaryl)pyrazolines in the presence of benzoquinone has been studied in organic solvents. This reaction occurs at high rate to provide the corresponding pyrazole in a good yield. The effects of the solvent, pyrazoline structure and oxygen provide definite information on the reaction pathway. It appears that radical species are intermediates in the photooxidation of aryl(hetaryl)pyrazolines in the presence of benzoquinone. A comparison of the new results with the photooxidation of aryl(hetaryl)pyrazolines in the presence of perchloroalkanes is also discussed.
New pattern hair loss in young Turkish women; What's wrong in their daily life?
Authors: Sahin Gokhan , Pancar Gunseli S. , Kalkan Goknur 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe application of heat, used to straighten the typically coiled hair, has long been hypothesized to play a role in the etiologic factor for central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia (CCCA). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of thermal hair straightening on hair loss pattern in Asian women exist.Materials and methodsThirty‐five patients with hair loss who have been using hair straightening devices and 25 patients with telogen effluvium were enrolled in this prospective study. Laboratory analysis and dermatoscopic findings were used to compare these groups.ResultsThe peripilar white halo around hairs, peripilar dark/gray halo around follicular orifices, the predominance of a single hair perifollicular unit (FU), hair diameter diversity, the thin miniaturized hair, interfollicular pinpoint white dots, and white patches were statistically higher in hair straightener group (P < 0.001). White patches of the scalp increased by the time of the application of these devices (P < 0.01). White patches of vertex region were significantly higher than the midfrontal region (P < 0.01).ConclusionThe common side effects of thermal hot comb strengtheners’ were summarized as damage to the hair shaft; decreasing in the brightness of the hair, burns, and scars on the scalp; and lastly CCCA‐like hair loss.
Use of contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography in the diagnosis of a liver lobe torsion in a rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
Authors: Stock Emmelie , Vanderperren Katrien , Moeremans Ilse , de Rooster Hilde , Hermans Katleen , Saunders Jimmy H. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA 1‐year‐old male French Lop rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) was presented with a sudden onset of hyporexia. Physical examination revealed cranial abdominal discomfort. Liver enzymes were elevated on serum biochemistry profile. Abdominal radiographs showed diffusely gas‐dilated small intestinal loops. On abdominal ultrasound, a lobe in the right aspect of the liver was hypoechoic with rounded margins and was surrounded by hyperechoic fat and anechoic fluid. Contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography showed complete lack of perfusion in the abnormal right liver lobe. Exploratory laparotomy revealed torsion of the quadrate liver lobe. Diffuse coagulation necrosis was noted on histopathologic examination. The rabbit fully recovered after surgery.
The Role of Self-efficacy on Performance of Sports Skills of Football Players
Authors: Sivrikaya M. Haluk 
Published: January 2019

The main goal of this study was to determine effect of self-efficacy on performance of football players in Erzurum city. The present research was practical in terms of purpose and correlation in term of its nature. The statistical population of research was Ataturk University boys students (18-22 yrs old) unfamiliar to football scissors kick, in 2018. So, 52 participants were selected randomly based on Morgan Table from 60 volunteers. In this study, two questionnaires of self-efficacy and Charbonneau sport performance were used to collect data. To test hypotheses, regression test was used. In this research, SPSS 20 software was used in all calculations and tests. The results showed that self-efficacy play a significant role in learning of scissors kick. Self-efficacy is one of the most important characteristics of a successful athlete.
A Pedometer-Based Physically Active Learning Intervention: The Importance of Using Preintervention Physical Activity Categories to Assess Effectiveness
Authors: Morris Jade L. , Daly-Smith Andy , Defeyter Margaret A. , McKenna Jim , Zwolinsky Steve , Lloyd Scott , Fothergill Melissa , Graham Pamela L. 
Published: January 2019

Purpose: To assess physical activity outcomes of a pedometer-based physically active learning (PAL) intervention in primary school children. Methods: Six paired schools were randomly allocated to either a 6-week teacher-led pedometer-based physically active learning intervention or a control (n = 154, female = 60%, age = 9.9 [0.3] y). Accelerometers assessed total daily sedentary time, light physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Preintervention mean daily MVPA minutes grouped participants as Low Active (<45 min/d) and High Active (≥45 min/d). Results: From the final sample size, the intervention (n = 52) significantly improved LPA versus control (n = 31, P = .04), by reducing sedentary time. More intervention (+10%) than control (+3%) pupils met the 60 minutes per day guidelines. In both intervention subgroups, pupils spent less time in LPA (P < .05) versus control. The greatest nonsignificant increase was found in the Low Active pupils MVPA levels. Conclusions: Improvements in LPA were statistically significant in the intervention versus control group. In subgroup analysis, Low Active pupils in the intervention showed the greatest beneficial effects and the Most Active pupils may have replaced MVPA and sedentary time with LPA. The intervention group housed clusters of pupils showing variable responsiveness, justifying routine examination of subgroup variability in future studies.
Are dietary patterns differently associated with differentiated levels of mental health problems? Results from a large cross-sectional study among Iranian manufacturing employees
Authors: Heidari Zahra , Feizi Awat , Roohafza Hamidreza , Rabiei Katayoun , Sarrafzadegan Nizal 
Published: January 2019

ObjectivesThe present study aimed to classify participants based on mental health problems profile and to evaluate its relationship with dietary patterns among Iranian manufacturing employees.DesignObservational study with a cross-sectional design.SettingThis study was conducted in Esfahan Steel Company, one of the biggest Iranian industrial manufacturing companies.ParticipantsComplete data on 2942 manufacturing employees, with a mean (SD) age of 36.68 (7.31) years, were analysed.Outcome measuresHospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADA) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) were used to evaluate anxiety and depression and psychological distress, respectively.ResultsThree major dietary patterns, namely ‘western’, ‘healthy’ and ‘traditional’, were extracted using factor analysis. A two-class, one-factor structure was identified from study participants in terms of mental health problems profile based on the factor mixture model. Two identified classes were labelled as ‘low mental health problems’ (2683 manufacturing employees, 91.2%) and ‘high mental health problems’ (259 individuals, 8.8%). After adjusting for the impact of potential confounders, manufacturing employees in the highest tertile of healthy dietary pattern had lower odds of being in the high mental health problems profile class (OR=0.67, 95% CI 0.49 to 0.92). In contrast, greater adherence to Western and traditional dietary patterns was associated with increased odds of being in the high mental health problems class (OR=1.66, 95% CI: 1.18 to 2.35 and OR=1.52, 95% CI :1.10 to 2.11, respectively).ConclusionsOur study provided informative pathways on the association of dietary patterns and mental health among manufacturing employees. The findings can be used by workplace health promotion policymakers in improving mental health in such study population. Interventional and prospective studies that investigate the effects of change in dietary patterns on the mental health of manufacturing employees are suggested.
Predictive and spatial analysis for estimating the impact of sociodemographic factors on contraceptive use among women living with HIV/AIDS (WLWHA) in Kenya: Implications for policies and practice
Authors: Okoli Menkeoma Laura , Alao Samuel , Ojukwu Somtochukwu , Emechebe Nnadozie C , Ikhuoria Asuelimen , Kip Kevin E 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundDespite the availability and knowledge of various contraceptive methods, consistent utilisation in women living with HIV/AIDS (WLWHA) within the reproductive age group remains below the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and Family Planning 2020 goals. This study examines the association between sociodemographic factors and contraceptive use including the effect of clustering tendencies of these factors on contraceptive usage among WLWHA in Kenya.MethodsWeighted multivariate logistic regression models were conducted to determine the association of sociodemographic factors on contraception use among WLWHA using the 2008–2009 Kenya Demographic Health Survey. Spatial autocorrelation techniques were used to explore clustering tendencies of these factors on contraception utilisation. Our study population included 304 HIV positive women, aged 15–49 years.ResultsAmong 304 HIV-positive women in our study population, 92 (30.3%) reported using one method of contraception. Contraceptive use was significantly associated with wealth and education after adjustment for other sociodemographic variables. Women classified as having low and middle wealth index were less likely to use contraceptives (OR=0.17, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.43; OR=0.33, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.98, respectively) compared with women classified as having high wealth index. Similarly, women with primary education only were less likely to use contraceptives compared with women with secondary or higher education (OR=0.42, 95% CI 0.18 to 0.98). Spatial autocorrelation revealed significant positive clusters with weak clustering tendencies of non-contraceptive use among different levels of wealth index and education within different regions of Kenya.ConclusionThese findings underscores the need for intervention programmes to further target socially disadvantaged WLWHA, which is necessary for achieving the SDGs.
Burden of heart failure in Flemish general practices: a registry-based study in the Intego database
Authors: Smeets Miek , Vaes Bert , Mamouris Pavlos , Van Den Akker Marjan , Van Pottelbergh Gijs , Goderis Geert , Janssens Stefan , Aertgeerts Bert , Henrard Séverine 
Published: January 2019

ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence and incidence of heart failure (HF) stages A to C/D and their evolution over a 16-year period. Additionally, trends in comorbidities and cardiovascular (CV) treatment in patients with HF were studied in the same period.DesignRegistry-based study.SettingPrimary care, Flanders, Belgium.ParticipantsData were obtained from Intego, a morbidity registration network in which 111 general practitioners of 48 practices collaborate. In the study period between 2000 and 2015, data from 165 796 unique patients aged 45 years and older were available.Outcome measuresPrevalence and incidence were calculated for HF stage A, B and C/D by gender. Additionally, the trend in age-standardised prevalence and incidence rates between 2000 and 2015 was analysed with joint-point regression. The same model was used to study trends in comorbidity profiles in incident HF cases and trends in cardiovascular medication in prevalent HF cases.ResultsWe found a downward trend in the incidence and prevalence of HF stage C/D in Flemish general practice between 2000 and 2015, whereas the prevalence and incidence of stage A and B increased. The burden of comorbidities in incident HF cases increased during the study period, as shown by an increasing disease count (p<0.001). The prescription of cardiovascular medication such as renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockade, β-blockers and statins showed a sharp increase in the first part of the study period (2000–2008).ConclusionAge-standardised incidence and prevalence of HF stage C/D showed a slightly downward trend over the past 16 years, probably due to the sharp increase in cardiovascular treatment. However, the increasing age-standardised incidence and prevalence of stage A and B, as precursors of symptomatic HF, together with a rising comorbid burden, highlights the challenges we are still facing.
Highest energy proton–nucleus cross-sections
Authors: Stodolsky L. 
Published: January 2019

The description of very high energy proton–proton cross-sections in terms of a “black disc” with an “edge” allows a simple generalization to highest energy proton–nucleus cross-sections. This results in a leading ln2W term and a ln W term whose coefficient depends linearly on the radius of the nucleus (W the c.m. energy). The necessary parameters are determined from the fits to p–p data. Since the coefficient of the ln W term is rather large, it is doubtful that the regime of ln2W dominance can be reached with available energies in accelerators or cosmic rays. However, the ln W term can be relevant for highest energy cosmic rays in the atmosphere, where a large increase for the cross-section on nitrogen is expected. Tests of the theory should be possible by studying the coefficient of ln W at p-nucleus colliders.
Low-pass Whole-genome Sequencing of Circulating Cell-free DNA Demonstrates Dynamic Changes in Genomic Copy Number in a Squamous Lung Cancer Clinical Cohort
Authors: Chen Xiaoji , Chang Ching-Wei , Spoerke Jill M. , Yoh Kathryn E. , Kapoor Vidushi , Baudo Charles , Aimi Junko , Yu Mamie , Liang-Chu May M.Y. , Suttmann Rebecca , Huw Ling-Yuh , Gendreau Steven , Cummings Craig , Lackner Mark R. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Purpose:
We developed a method to monitor copy number variations (CNV) in plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from patients with metastatic squamous non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We aimed to explore the association between tumor-derived cfDNA and clinical outcomes, and sought CNVs that may suggest potential resistance mechanisms.

Experimental Design:
Sensitivity and specificity of low-pass whole-genome sequencing (LP-WGS) were first determined using cell line DNA and cfDNA. LP-WGS was performed on baseline and longitudinal cfDNA of 152 patients with squamous NSCLC treated with chemotherapy, or in combination with pictilisib, a pan-PI3K inhibitor. cfDNA tumor fraction and detected CNVs were analyzed in association with clinical outcomes.

Results:
LP-WGS successfully detected CNVs in cfDNA with tumor fraction ≥10%, which represented approximately 30% of the first-line NSCLC patients in this study. The most frequent CNVs were gains in chromosome 3q, which harbors the PIK3CA and SOX2 oncogenes. The CNV landscape in cfDNA with a high tumor fraction generally matched that of corresponding tumor tissue. Tumor fraction in cfDNA was dynamic during treatment, and increases in tumor fraction and corresponding CNVs could be detected before radiographic progression in 7 of 12 patients. Recurrent CNVs, such as MYC amplification, were enriched in cfDNA from posttreatment samples compared with the baseline, suggesting a potential resistance mechanism to pictilisib.

Conclusions:
LP-WGS offers an unbiased and high-throughput way to investigate CNVs and tumor fraction in cfDNA of patients with cancer. It may also be valuable for monitoring treatment response, detecting disease progression early, and identifying emergent clones associated with therapeutic resistance.
Áreas naturais tombadas e a proteção da paisagem
Authors: Furlan Sueli Angelo 
Published: January 2019

O artigo apresenta uma leitura panorâmica do passado e do presente do tombamento de áreas naturais pelo Conselho de Defesa do Patrimônio Histórico, Arqueológico, Artístico e Turístico do Estado de São Paulo (Condephaat). Ressalta-se a originalidade destes tombamentos com foco na especificidade da proteção da paisagem geográfica. São apresentadas críticas e sugestões para gestão deste patrimônio e reflexões sobre a importância da ação institucional na proteção do patrimônio natural do Estado de São Paulo nestes 50 anos.
Carotid Flow Augmentation, Arterial Aging, and Cerebral White Matter Hyperintensities
Authors: Hashimoto Junichiro , Westerhof Berend E. , Ito Sadayoshi 
Published: January 2019

Objective—
Aortic stiffness and pressure wave reflection are associated with age-related cerebral microvascular disease, but the underlying mechanism remains obscure. We hypothesized that cerebral (carotid) flow alterations potentially mediate these associations.

Approach and Results—

Doppler waveforms were recorded in 286 patients with hypertension to measure the carotid flow augmentation index (FAIx) as the late/early-systolic velocity amplitude ratio. Tonometric waveforms were recorded to estimate the aortic pressure AIx (PAIx), aortic compliance, and carotid-femoral and carotid-radial pulse wave velocities. Additionally, white matter hyperintensities on brain magnetic resonance imaging were evaluated using the Fazekas scale. With increasing age, the carotid late systolic velocity increased, whereas the early systolic velocity decreased, although the aortic augmented pressure increased in parallel with the incident wave height (
P
<0.001). Both FAIx and PAIx increased with age, but the age-dependent curves were upwardly concave and convex, respectively. FAIx increased exponentially with increasing PAIx (
r
=0.71). Compared with PAIx, FAIx was more closely (
P
≤0.001) correlated with the aortic pulse wave velocity, aortic compliance, and elastic/muscular pulse wave velocity ratio. FAIx was associated with white matter hyperintensities scores independently of confounders including age, sex, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, and aortic pulse wave velocity (
P
=0.01), and was more predictive of white matter hyperintensities presence than PAIx.

Conclusions—
Carotid FAIx had closer associations with age, aortic stiffness, and cerebral white matter hyperintensities than aortic PAIx. These results indicate that carotid flow augmentation (enhanced by aortic stiffening and pressure wave reflection from the lower body) causes microcerebrovascular injury potentially through increasing cerebral flow pulsations, but this detrimental effect is greater than that estimated from PAIx.
V
3
R/V
7
Index
Authors: Cheng Dian , Ju Weizhu , Zhu Lili , Chen Kanghui , Zhang Fengxiang , Chen Hongwu , Yang Gang , Li Xiaorong , Li Mingfang , Gu Kai , Han Bing , Fan Jie , Lin Yazhou , Cao Kejiang , Kojodjojo Pipin , Yang Bing , Chen Minglong 
Published: January 2019

Background:
Several algorithms have been proposed to predict the origin of outflow tract (OT) ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) using standard 12-lead ECG. However, the additive value of right precordial and posterior leads is unknown.

Methods:

Standard 12-lead ECG, right precordial leads ECG (V
3
R, V
4
R, V
5
R) and posterior leads ECG (V
7
, V
8
, V
9
) were recorded and analyzed in a development cohort of consecutive patients undergoing OT-VAs ablation at a single center. These findings informed the development of a novel algorithm incorporating right precordial and posterior leads to discriminate between left ventricular OT (LVOT) and right ventricular OT (RVOT) foci. The performance of this novel algorithm which includes the V
3
R/V
7
index was prospectively tested in a validation cohort of consecutive patients undergoing OT-VA ablation at 4 centers and compared with published algorithms. The location of the foci was determined by the successful ablation site.

Results:

One hundred ninety-one patients were recruited, of which 94 formed the validation cohort (mean age of 45.7±15.6, 39% male, 79% RVOT foci). During OT-VAs, a QS pattern in lead V
3
R and an S wave in lead V
7
were exclusively recorded in RVOT and LVOT foci, respectively. The V
3
R/V
7
index of LVOT origin was significantly greater than that of RVOT (1.05±0.83 versus 0.28±0.23,
P
<0.001). The V
3
R/V
7
index ≥0.85 predicted an LVOT origin with 87% sensitivity and 96% specificity. In the prospective evaluation, when the V
3
R/V
7
index ≥0.85, an RVOT origin could be excluded with 98.6% accuracy. The area under the curve of V
3
R/V
7
index (0.954) was larger than that of previously reported ECG criteria, including V
2
S/V
3
R (0.896), V
2
transition ratio (0.792), and transition zone index (0.666). This novel index was also accurate in both patients without obvious LVOT or RVOT origins and subgroups with cardiac rotation or lead V
3
R/S transition.

Conclusions:

The V
3
R/V
7
index is a novel and accurate ECG criterion that predicts OT-VAs origin.
Novel Insights in the Activation Patterns at the Pulmonary Vein Area
Authors: Mouws Elisabeth M.J.P. , Kik Charles , van der Does Lisette J.M.E. , Lanters Eva A.H. , Teuwen Christophe P. , Knops Paul , Bogers Ad J.J.C. , de Groot Natasja M.S. 
Published: January 2019

Background:
Extensiveness of conduction delay and block at the pulmonary vein area (PVA) was quantified in a previous study. We hypothesized that the combination of lines of conduction block with multiple concomitantly entering sinus rhythm wavefronts at the PVA may result in increased arrhythmogenicity and susceptibility to atrial fibrillation (AF).

Methods:
Intraoperative high-density epicardial mapping of PVA (N≈450 sites, interelectrode distances: 2 mm) was performed during sinus rhythm in 327 patients (241 male [74%], 67±10 [21–84] years) with and without preoperative AF. For each patient, activation patterns at the PVA were quantified, including the location of entry sites of wavefronts, direction of propagation, and their relative activation times. The association between activation patterns and the presence of AF was examined.

Results:
Excitation of the PVA occurred via multiple consecutive wavefronts in the vast majority of patient (N=216, 81%). In total, 561 wavefronts were observed, which mostly propagated through the septal or paraseptal regions towards the PVA (N=461, 82%). A substantial dissociation of consecutive wavefronts was observed with Δactivation times of 10.6±8.8 (0–46) ms. No difference was observed in Δactivation times of consecutive wavefronts during sinus rhythm between patients without and with AF. An excitation-based risk factor model, including conduction delay ≥6 mm, conduction block ≥6 mm, and conduction delay and block ≥16 mm, wavefronts via the posteroinferior to posterosuperior regions and multiple opposing wavefronts, demonstrated a 5-fold risk of AF when multiple risk factors were present.

Conclusions:
In contrast to previous findings, quantification of activation patterns at the PVA on high-resolution scale demonstrated complex patterns with often multiple entry sites and high interindividual variability. Altered patterns of activation, consisting of multiple opposing wavefronts combined with long lines of conduction slowing, were associated with the presence of AF.