bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulation of Iron Entry into Reticulocytes. I. Feedback Inhibitory Effect of Heme on Iron Entry into Reticulocytes and on Heme Synthesis
Authors: PONKA P. , NEUWIRT J. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In the presence of hemin 59Fe incorporation into both heme and reticulocytes decreases. Isonicotinic acid hydrazide which inhibits heme synthesis in vitro is shown to increase reticulocyte radioiron uptake.
During inhibition of globin synthesis by cycloheximide, reticulocyte radioiron uptake decreases. This decrease is probably caused by free heme which accumulates in reticulocytes after inhibition of globin synthesis. Simultaneous addition of an inhibitor of heme synthesis—isonicotinic acid hydrazide—to reticulocytes treated by cycloheximide decreases the inhibitory effect of this antibiotic on the iron entry into reticulocytes.
The authors suppose the feedback linkage by which heme regulates iron entry into reticulocytes.
Brief Report: Initial Investigations of the Changes in the Stem Cell Compartment of Murine Bone Marrow During Post-Hypoxic Polycythemia
Authors: HURST J. M. , TURNER M. S. , YOFFEY J. M. , LAJTHA L. G. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
As assessed by its spleen colony-forming ability, the stem cell content of bone marrow from mice recovering from hypoxia increases with the duration of erythropoietic depression, and is directly proportional to the number of marrow lymphocytes.
Fine Structure of Leukocytes in Infectious Mononucleosis: In Vivo and In Vitro Studies
Authors: DOUGLAS STEVEN D. , FUDENBERG H. HUGH , GLADE PHILIP R. , CHESSIN LAWRENCE N. , MOSES HAROLD L. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The peripheral blood mononuclear cell population in patients with heterophile positive infectious mononucleosis is comprised of small and medium sized lymphocytes, monocytes, increased numbers of lymphoid-plasma (LP) cells, and large lymphocytoid cells with abundant polysomes. Cell-lines derived from these patients contain a spectrum of cells of the lymphoid plasma cell series. These cultures are morphologically indistinguishable from Burkitt lymphoma and leukemic suspension cultures. A large portion of the cells present in these continuous suspension cultures have fine structural features similar to phytomitogen stimulated lymphocytes, and to cells implicated in the immune response.
Brief Report: Selected Aspects of Hodgkin’s Disease in a Whole Community
Authors: MEYTES DINA , MODAN BARUCH 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
All available hospital records of patients with Hodgkin’s Disease, diagnosed in Israel during a 5-year period were reviewed.
A bimodal incidence curve was obtained both for all patients, and for such subcategories as sex and ethnic origin. There was no significant difference in incidence between males and females, nor between various ethnic groups.
The frequency of patients presenting with a generalized disease at diagnosis was relatively higher in males and in older patients of both sexes.
The median survival was 27 months with a considerably better prognosis in younger patients of both sexes and in females younger than 45, as compared to males of the same age group. Lymphocytopenic males had a shorter survival course, but no such pattern was evident among females.
Brief Report: Rapid Differentiation of Polypeptide Chains of Hemoglobin by Cellulose Acetate Electrophoresis of Hemolylsates
Authors: UEDA SATOSHI , SCHNEIDER ROSE G. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Separation of the polypeptide chains of hemoglobin and identification of an abnormal chain may be achieved in a few hours by electrophoresis on cellulose acetate in barbital buffer pH 8.6, with 6 M urea. The method is applicable to whole hemolysates to which a large amount of 2-mercaptoethanol has been added. It requires minimal preparative work.
The Morphogenesis of Gaucher Cells Investigated by Electron Microscopy
Authors: PENNELLI N. , SCARAVILLI F. , ZACCHELLO F. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The ultrastructure of Gaucher cells in the spleen and in the liver from a case of juvenile type of Gaucher’s disease is described. Different types of cytoplasmic bodies are observed in Gaucher cells. These are surrounded by a single smooth membrane and contain tubular or ring-like structures that in the smaller bodies are set in a rather dense substance. Among these structures some erythrophagosomes have been detected. The limiting membrane of larger Gaucher bodies is frequently interrupted and the tubules appear in the extracellular spaces.
These observations support the hypothesis of the extracellular origin of tubular cerebroside material with a continuous production of cerebroside from digested erythrocytes associated with pinocytosis of the cerebroside subsequently liberated from the lysed Gaucher cells.
Red Cell Lipids in Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
Authors: BRABEC V. , MICHALEC Č. , PALEK J. , KOUT M. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The content of total cholesterol, phospholipids and individual phospholipid fractions was examined in red blood cells in autoimmune hemolytic anemia. In the period of increased hemolysis, red cells of patients with this disease with sensitization of the gamma type contained significantly less cholesterol and phospholipids per single cell. The relative distribution of the individual phospholipid fractions remained unchanged.
Patients with this disease with sensitization of the non-gamma type and patients in a remission of the disease did not show any of these changes.
Isolated Defect of Folic Acid Absorption Associated with Mental Retardation and Cerebral Calcification
Authors: LANZKOWSKY PHILIP , ERLANDSON MARION E. , BEZAN ALLAN I. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A 19 year old female is described with a clinical syndrome characterized by specific malabsorption of folate from the gut with resultant megaloblastic anemia associated with mental retardation and cerebral calcification. The absorption of fat, xylose, glucose, vitamin A and vitamin B12 and the jejunal biopsy histology were all normal. The patient was unable to absorb folate in its naturally occurring form as pteroylpolyglutamic acid as well as pteroylmono-, pteroyldi-, pteroyltriglutamic acid, N5-formyltetrahydrofolic acid and N5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid. Folate absorption was not enhanced when pteroylmonoglutamic acid was premixed with normal human duodenal juice, lyophilized calf jejunum or lyophilized calf pancreas. Impairment of normal transport of folic acid from the blood into the cerebrospinal fluid was also demonstrated in this patient. Plasma folate clearance was normal and there was no increase in folate antagonists or in folate binding present in the patient’s plasma.
Hematopoiesis and Serum Iron Changes Following Vincristine Sulfate
Authors: NESBIT MARK E. , LOWMAN JAMES T. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The hematopoietic effects of both single and repeated intravenous injections of moderate concentrations of Vincristine Sulfate on rabbit erythropoiesis have been presented. A prompt depopulation of erythroid elements results and is almost completed by 48 hours. Following this depression a rapid rebound of erythropoietic activity occurs. Serum iron values reflect these changes in iron utilization. The reproducibility of these extremes in marrow erythropoietic activity allows one to use the Vincristine Sulfate treated rabbit as an experimental model. It will allow us to study the factors which regulate the balance between erythropoiesis and iron kinetics.
Red Cell Iso-Antigens of Rhesus Monkeys
Authors: HIROSE Y. , BALNER H. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
An attempt was made to identify a number of red cell specificities of Rhesus monkeys. Nearly all iso-antisera used for this study were multi-specific, i.e., contained more than one antibody even after a single absorption with Rhesus erythrocytes. Nevertheless, by using van Rood’s computer program to select sera of similar reactivity pattern, it seemed possible to define, provisionally, a number of red cell specificities. The existence of those specificities as serologically distinguishable units, was made plausible also by a transmissional analysis in Rhesus families.
One of the reagents showed a similar reactivity pattern against erythrocytes (Dextran/BSA agglutination) and leukocytes (lymphocyte-cytotoxicity); absorption of this reagent with pure red cells and white cells suggested that at least some of the antigens recognized by this serum are carried by erythrocytes as well as leukocytes.
Finally, it seemed unlikely that allograft sensitivity can be induced by immunization with pure red cell suspensions: skin grafts obtained from donors positive or negative for the erythrocyte specificities against which recipients were preimmunized, did (with one exception) not show significantly different survival times. These results confirm previous suggestive evidence from this laboratory that red cell iso-antigens of Rhesus monkeys are not likely to be important transplantation antigens.
Role of Copper in Iron Localization in Developing Erythrocytes
Authors: GOODMAN JOSEPH R. , DALLMAN PETER R. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The localization of iron in developing erythrocytes of normal and copper-deficient rats was studied by electron microscopy. Lead treatment, by interfering with heme synthesis, resulted in accumulation of iron in mitochondria and vesicles of the developing erythrocyte in normal animals. In similarly treated copper-deficient rats, iron did not accumulate in the mitochondria although it was concentrated in vesicles. The copper-deficient animal, therefore, seems to have an impaired uptake of iron by the mitochondria where it combines with protoporphyrin to form heme, in addition to the previously recognized defect in the release of iron into the circulation from the intestinal mucosa, reticulo-endothelial system and hepatocyte.
Circulating Siderocytes in Human Subjects
Authors: KURTH DORIS , DEISS A. , CARTWRIGHT G. E. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The number of circulating erythrocytes containing reticulum and no siderotic granules (R cells), both reticulum and siderotic granules (R-S cells), and siderotic granules and no reticulum (S cells) was determined in 80 normal adults, 7 normal newborns and 486 patients with hematologic disorders.
Few R-S cells (maximum 0.3 per cent) or S cells (maximum 0.2 per cent) were observed in the blood of normal adults. The number of siderocytes as observed in the direct Prussian blue method (direct-total siderocytes) did not exceed 0.7 per cent. R-S cells greater than 1.0 per cent and direct-total siderocytes greater than 2.0 per cent were observed in each of 7 normal newborns.
Among the 486 patients, R-S cells more numerous than 1.0 per cent, S cells greater than 1.0 per cent, or direct-total siderocytes greater than 2.0 per cent were observed only in four conditions. Increases in R-S cells were seen in patients with severe hemolytic anemia and in patients with sideroblastic anemia associated with mild hemolysis. Increases in S cells were seen in splenectomized patients in the absence of hemolysis. Increases both in R-S cells and S cells were seen in patients with splenic atrophy or replacement and in splenectomized patients in the presence of hemolysis.
Immunologic Memory Of Phytohemagglutinin-Stimulated Lymphocytes
Authors: BRODY JEROME I. , SOLTYS HENRY D. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Using the technic of bacterial adherence, in which circumferential adhesion of microorganism to the lymphocyte surface indicates antibody production by this cell, phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated lymphocytes reacted differently towards E.coli, a natural, lifelong immunogen, and towards Salmonella, one which is acquired and overtly given when the need arises. Bacterial adherence after cell culture was markedly augmented in terms of numbers of participating organisms and cells when PHA-provoked lymphoblasts, rather than small, unchanged lymphocytes, were incubated with E.coli. In contrast, this type of response either did not occur at all or only in a limited, transient fashion when Salmonella was substituted as the laboratory antigen despite the fact that the PHA-exposed lymphocytes were obtained from donors immunized with Salmonella and had reacted actively with E.coli. This differential antigenic recognition by PHA-induced lymphoblasts in bacterial adherence supports the theory that PHA, under the experimental conditions outlined, acts on cellular organelles which govern the permanency of immunity and reflects differences between the natural and acquired immune state.
Gel Filtration Studies of Serum B12 Binding: An Abnormal Pattern in Patients with Vitamin B12 Deficiency
Authors: LAWRENCE CHRISTINE 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
57CoB12 was added to serum in vitro to study its binding by the three known serum B12-binders in patients with vitamin B12 deficiency and in normal controls. Gel filtration through columns of Sephadex G-200 was used to separate the low (beta) and high (alpha1 and beta) molecular weight B12-binding fractions. Electrophoresis on filter paper was used to separate the alpha1- and beta-globulins.
The alpha1-globulin fraction in the serum of B12-deficient patients bound more of the added 57CoB12 than did this fraction in normal serum, presumably because this binder of the serum endogenous vitamin B12 is much less saturated in B12-deficiency. However, the total B12 binding capacity of the alpha1-globulin (for endogenous plus added vitamin B12) was lower in B12-deficient than in normal serum.
The low molecular weight beta-binder bound more added 57CoB12 in B12-deficient than in normal serum, whereas the high molecular weight beta binder had a much lower B12-binding capacity in deficient than in normal serum. These abnormalities were independent of the cause of the vitamin B12 deficiency and disappeared after successful treatment with vitamin B12.
Fatal Transfusion Malaria
Authors: BROOKS MARION H. , BARRY KEVIN G. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This report of fatal falciparum malaria emphasizes an unusual but potentially hazardous complication of blood transfusion. To our knowledge this is the first instance of fatal Plasmodium falciparum infection transmitted by this means. The source of infection was an asymptomatic donor who had resided outside an endemic area for more than 30 months. This is the longest interval thus far recorded that falciparum malaria has remained latent before transmission by transfusion.
Electrophoretic Mobility and N-Acetyl Neuraminic Acid Content of Human Normal and Leukemic Lymphocytes and Granulocytes
Authors: LICHTMAN MARSHALL A. , WEED ROBERT I. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Studies have been conducted to determine the electrophoretic mobility and the N-Acetyl Neuraminic Acid (NANA) content of different human leukocyte types. Leukemic granulocytes and lymphocytes do not differ significantly from their normal counterparts in rate of electrophoretic mobility. An absolute comparison between leukemic and normal myeloblasts could not be made; however, populations of leukemic myeloblasts were often similar in mobility to normal immature granulocytes. Immature granulocytes had a significantly higher surface-charge density than PMNGs, and this is due primarily to differences in NANA carboxyl groups contributing to the electro-kinetic surface of the cell. The small lymphocyte has a surface-charge density more similar to that of immature granulocytes and myeloblasts than to that of PMNGs. The surface-dependent behavior of different leukocyte types may be related, in part, to the density or arrangement of NANA molecules at the cell periphery; alternatively, the distribution of surface NANA may be a reflection of other differences in molecular arrangement of the cell membrane which are important in determining functional capacities. Total cellular NANA is greater in the PMNG than the lymphocyte, and this is likely to be a reflection of the larger surface area of external and internal membranes of the PMNG. These data also suggest that the surface area of the PMNG and lymphocyte is not reflected by the assumption of a smooth sphere. Neither total NANA nor neuraminidase-susceptible NANA can be used as an estimate of comparative NANA-dependent surface-charge density which must depend on electrophoretic mobility measurements with and without neuraminidase treatment.
Radiation Sensitivity of Human Bone Marrow Cells Measured by a Cell Culture Method
Authors: SENN J. S. , McCULLOCH E. A. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A culture technique for measuring the proliferative capacity of a class of human hemopoietic cells is presented. This method is used to assess the radio-sensitivity of this class of human hemopoietic cells, and to compare them directly to mouse hemopoietic cells tested in the same system. We conclude that the sensitivity of human bone marrow to irradiation as measured directly is of the same order as that predicted on the basis of experiments in mice.
The Inhibition of Lymphocyte Blastogenesis By L-Asparaginase
Authors: OHNO R. , HERSH E. M. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The effect of the enzyme L-asparaginase on in vitro lymphocyte blastogenesis was studied. E.coli L-asparaginase has a reversible inhibitory effect on phytohemagglutinin (PHA) or specific antigen-induced lymphocyte blastogenesis. Five and one international units (I.U.) L-asparaginase per milliliter of culture media, suppressed lymphocyte blastogenesis almost completely. 0.5 I.U./ml. L-asparaginase showed a significant suppression and 0.1 I.U./ml. showed mild suppression. The effect was not due to direct toxicity of the enzyme, asparagine breakdown products, nor impure products of the enzyme preparation. The lymphocytes freed of L-asparaginase by washing after culture with the enzyme for up to 72 hours had normal responsiveness to PHA. The inhibitory effects of 0.1 I.U./ml. and 0.5 I.U./ml. of L-asparaginase were completely or partially counteracted by simultaneous administration of 2µmole/ml. L-asparagine, respectively. L-glutamine also counteracted the effect of L-asparaginase partially, but to a lesser degree than L-asparagine. Cell-density studies showed that 1 I.U./ml. of L-asparaginase, sufficient to inhibit the lymphocyte blastogenesis almost completely at the cell density of 0.5 x 106 and 1 x 106 lymphocytes, had less effect at higher cell population of 2.5 x 106 and 5 x 106. Lymphocytes once stimulated by PHA were partially resistant to L-asparaginase added during a later phase of the incubation period. The possible mechanism of this inhibition of L-asparaginase on lymphocyte blastogenesis was discussed. It is suggested that depletion of L-asparagine (both exogenous and endogenous) from the culture media would be the probable cause of this inhibitory effect.
Structural Changes in the Deoxyribonucleoprotein (DNP) Complex of Leukocytes from Patients with Infectious Mononucleosis
Authors: BOLUND L. , GAHRTON G. , KILLANDER D. , RIGLER R. , WAHREN BRITTA 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Quantitative microfluorimetric measurements on individual acridine orange (AO) stained cells showed that leukocytes from patients with infectious mononucleosis (IM) exhibited considerably greater AO binding to deoxyribonucleoprotein (DNP) than leukocytes from healthy persons. The higher binding of AO could not be explained by an increase in the amount of DNP in IM cells but by an increased number of binding sites in DNP accessible to AO. This was the result of structural changes in the DNP complex of the IM cells, possibly due to weakened bonds between the DNA and protein moieties of DNP. The binding of AO to IM leukocytes was highest in the early phase of the disease and usually normalized after recovery. However, an increased AO binding of leukocytes from patients after recovery was frequently observed when these cells were exposed to plasma from patients in the acute phase of IM.
A Macroglobulin with Inhibitory Activity Against Coagulation Factor VIII
Authors: CASTALDI P. A. , PENNY R. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Deficiency of coagulation factor VIII occurred in a patient with a monoclonal gamma-M protein and characteristic features of Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia. The protein, found to contain lambda light chains, had specific activity against normal factor VIII that was reversible by reduction with 2-mercaptoethanol. Spontaneous correction of the clotting factor deficiency occurred during treatment. It is suggested that the macroglobulin in this patient removed or masked factor VIII by adsorption and that alteration of the protein in vitro by mercaptoethanol and in vivo by treatment removed this capacity.
Studies on the Mechanism of the Increased Dose-Response of Erythropoietin After Stimulation with Erythropoietin
Authors: FOGH JAN 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The responsiveness to ESF of the erythremic mouse is increased one to four days after a previous stimulation with ESF. The formation of nucleated red cells by the priming ESF stimulation was suppressed either by simultaneous injections of ESF and Actinomycin D, or by giving the priming ESF challenge to erythremic mice shortly after they had been exposed to 400 R. total body irradiation with X-rays. By these techniques it was demonstrated that the presence of nucleated red cells within the erythron is not important for the observed increase in dose response of ESF after ESF stimulation. It was concluded that the recruitment of primitive erythropoietin-responding cells is enhanced by ESF.
Glycogen in Human Blood Platelets. Isolation by Ultracentrifugation and Characteristics of the Isolated Particles
Authors: SCOTT ROBERT B. , STILL W. J. S. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Platelet glycogen was studied under various conditions of ultracentrifugation and an isolation procedure devised.
Glycogen could be separated from the majority of soluble protein and cellular particulates by centrifugation into dense sucrose solutions. Minor contaminants were removed by differential centrifugation and detergent treatment. Characteristics of the isolated particles were consistent with the presumed "native" particle (glycosome) as measured by spectrophotometry, analytical ultracentrifugation, and protein: glycogen ratios.
Brief Report: Establishment of Long-term Lines from Small Aliquots of Normal Lymphocytes
Authors: BRODER SUSAN W. , GLADE P. R. , HIRSCHHORN K. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A highly purified, non-hemagglutinating PHA used in minimal blastogenic doses was non-toxic to established human lymphoid cell lines. PHA given at the beginning of primary culture or repeatedly throughout the initial six weeks of culture did not interfere with the establishment of peripheral lymphocytes in long-term suspension culture. Permanent cell lines have been obtained following weekly administration of PHA in blastogenic and subthreshold doses. Nonhemagglutinating PHA appeared to be non-toxic to these peripheral lymphocyte cultures and may increase their potential for long-term proliferation.
Cold Reacting Antibody in NZB/Bl Mice
Authors: COSTEA NICOLAS , YAKULIS VINCENT , HELLER PAUL 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
NZB/Bl mice produce throughout life cold reacting antibodies (CRA) with specificity to the I-erythrocyte antigen. These antibodies do not react with autologous erythrocytes since intact mouse erythrocytes do not carry reactive I-antigen. This antigen on the other hand is widely distributed in NZB/Bl mouse tissues. Newborn CF1 mice injected with cell-free filtrates of NZB/Bl mouse spleen produce CRA. The untreated offspring of these animals also synthesize this type of antibody suggesting that this immune response is induced by a self-replicating, ultrafilterable immunogen. CRA in NZB/Bl mice may, therefore, be another example of the induction of an auto-immune response by an infectious agent.