bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endogenous production ofn-3 long-chain PUFA from first feeding and the influence of dietary linoleic acid and theα-linolenic:linoleic ratio in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)
Authors: Sprague Matthew , Xu Gong , Betancor Monica B. , Olsen Rolf E. , Torrissen Ole , Glencross Brett D. , Tocher Douglas R. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAtlantic salmon (Salmo salar) possess enzymes required for the endogenous biosynthesis ofn-3 long-chain PUFA (LC-PUFA), EPA and DHA, fromα-linolenic acid (ALA). Linoleic acid (LA) competes with ALA for LC-PUFA biosynthesis enzymes leading to the production ofn-6 LC-PUFA, including arachidonic acid (ARA). We aimed to quantify the endogenous production of EPA and DHA from ALA in salmon fed from first feeding on diets that contain no EPA and DHA and to determine the influence of dietary LA and ALA:LA ratio on LC-PUFA production. Salmon were fed from first feeding for 22 weeks with three diets formulated with linseed and sunflower oils to provide ALA:LA ratios of approximately 3:1, 1:1 and 1:3. Endogenous production ofn-3 LC-PUFA was 5·9, 4·4 and 2·8 mg per g fish and that ofn-6 LC-PUFA was 0·2, 0·5 and 1·4 mg per g fish in salmon fed diets with ALA:LA ratios of 3:1, 1:1 and 1:3, respectively. The ratio ofn-3:n-6 LC-PUFA production decreased from 27·4 to 2·0, and DHA:EPA ratio increased and EPA:ARA and DHA:ARA ratios decreased, as dietary ALA:LA ratio decreased. In conclusion, with a dietary ALA:LA ratio of 1, salmon fry/parr produced about 28 μgn-3 LC-PUFA per g fish per d, with a DHA:EPA ratio of 3·4. Production ofn-3 LC-PUFA exceeded that ofn-6 LC-PUFA by almost 9-fold. Reducing the dietary ALA:LA ratio reducedn-3 LC-PUFA production and EPA:ARA and DHA:ARA ratios but increasedn-6 LC-PUFA production and DHA:EPA ratio.
Association of a priori dietary patterns with depressive symptoms: a harmonised meta-analysis of observational studies
Authors: Nicolaou Mary , Colpo Marco , Vermeulen Esther , Elstgeest Liset E. M. , Cabout Mieke , Gibson-Smith Deborah , Knuppel Anika , Sini Giovana , Schoenaker Danielle A. J. M. , Mishra Gita D. , Lok Anja , Penninx Brenda W. J. H. , Bandinelli Stefania , Brunner Eric J. , Zwinderman Aiko H. , Brouwer Ingeborg A. , Visser Marjolein 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundReview findings on the role of dietary patterns in preventing depression are inconsistent, possibly due to variation in assessment of dietary exposure and depression. We studied the association between dietary patterns and depressive symptoms in six population-based cohorts and meta-analysed the findings using a standardised approach that defined dietary exposure, depression assessment and covariates.MethodsIncluded were cross-sectional data from 23 026 participants in six cohorts: InCHIANTI (Italy), LASA, NESDA, HELIUS (the Netherlands), ALSWH (Australia) and Whitehall II (UK). Analysis of incidence was based on three cohorts with repeated measures of depressive symptoms at 5–6 years of follow-up in 10 721 participants: Whitehall II, InCHIANTI, ALSWH. Three a priori dietary patterns, Mediterranean diet score (MDS), Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI-2010), and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet were investigated in relation to depressive symptoms. Analyses at the cohort-level adjusted for a fixed set of confounders, meta-analysis used a random-effects model.ResultsCross-sectional and prospective analyses showed statistically significant inverse associations of the three dietary patterns with depressive symptoms (continuous and dichotomous). In cross-sectional analysis, the association of diet with depressive symptoms using a cut-off yielded an adjusted OR of 0.87 (95% confidence interval 0.84–0.91) for MDS, 0.93 (0.88–0.98) for AHEI-2010, and 0.94 (0.87–1.01) for DASH. Similar associations were observed prospectively: 0.88 (0.80–0.96) for MDS; 0.95 (0.84–1.06) for AHEI-2010; 0.90 (0.84–0.97) for DASH.ConclusionPopulation-scale observational evidence indicates that adults following a healthy dietary pattern have fewer depressive symptoms and lower risk of developing depressive symptoms.
m-Algebraic lattices in formal concept analysis
Authors: Zhang Zhongxi , Li Qingguo , Zhang Nan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe notion of an m-algebraic lattice, where m stands for a cardinal number, includes numerous special cases, such as complete lattice, algebraic lattice, and prime algebraic lattice. In formal concept analysis, one fundamental result states that every concept lattice is complete, and conversely, each complete lattice is isomorphic to a concept lattice. In this paper, we introduce the notion of an m-approximable concept on each context. The m-approximable concept lattice derived from the notion is an m-algebraic lattice, and conversely, every m-algebraic lattice is isomorphic to an m-approximable concept lattice of some context. Morphisms on m-algebraic lattices and those on contexts are provided, called m-continuous functions and m-approximable morphisms, respectively. We establish a categorical equivalence between LATm, the category of m-algebraic lattices and m-continuous functions, and CXTm, the category of contexts and mapproximable morphisms.We prove that LATm is cartesian closed whenevermis regular and m > 2. By the equivalence of LATm and CXTm, we obtain that CXTm is also cartesian closed under same circumstances. The notions of a concept, an approximable concept, and a weak approximable concept are showed to be special cases of that of an m-approximable concept.
DNA fragmentation index, pAKT and pERK1/2 in cumulus cells are related to oocyte competence in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization programme
Authors: Ruvolo Giovanni , Roccheri Maria Carmela , Luparello Claudio , Matranga Domenica , Ferrigno Alberto , Bosco Liana 
Published: August 2019

SummaryActivated pERK1/2 and pAKT are key players in supporting cell survival and proliferation pathways. Translocation of pERK1/2 into the nucleus, where it interacts with transcription factors and DNA itself, is instrumental in exerting an anti-apoptotic effect. In this study, pAKT levels, pERK1/2 nuclear localization and DNA fragmentation index (DFI) in cumulus cells of single cumulus–oocyte complexes of patients undergoing in vitro fertilization programmes were evaluated and correlated with the clinical outcome of the related embryos. For a positive clinical outcome of blastocyst development, pERK1/2 nuclear localization and DFI value had a significant inverse relationship, whereas the former and the intracellular accumulation of pAKT had a significant direct relationship. This relationship was not observed for the negative clinical outcome of the arrested embryos. Moreover, intracellular accumulation of pAKT and DFI value had a significant inverse relationship in all samples examined. The obtained data suggest that the intranuclear relocation of pERK1/2, along with an enhanced intracellular accumulation of pAKT, may exert a survival effect and increase cell viability, therefore providing a novel marker tool to choose the best oocyte to be fertilized and submitted to an intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycle.
The rough sound of salience enhances aversion through neural synchronisation
Authors: Arnal Luc H. , Kleinschmidt Andreas , Spinelli Laurent , Giraud Anne-Lise , Mégevand Pierre 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBeing able to produce sounds that capture attention and elicit rapid reactions is the prime goal of communication. One strategy, exploited by alarm signals, consists in emitting fast but perceptible amplitude modulations in the roughness range (30–150 Hz). Here, we investigate the perceptual and neural mechanisms underlying aversion to such temporally salient sounds. By measuring subjective aversion to repetitive acoustic transients, we identify a nonlinear pattern of aversion restricted to the roughness range. Using human intracranial recordings, we show that rough sounds do not merely affect local auditory processes but instead synchronise large-scale, supramodal, salience-related networks in a steady-state, sustained manner. Rough sounds synchronise activity throughout superior temporal regions, subcortical and cortical limbic areas, and the frontal cortex, a network classically involved in aversion processing. This pattern correlates with subjective aversion in all these regions, consistent with the hypothesis that roughness enhances auditory aversion through spreading of neural synchronisation.
Dissecting the heterogeneity of DENV vaccine-elicited cellular immunity using single-cell RNA sequencing and metabolic profiling
Authors: Waickman Adam T. , Victor Kaitlin , Li Tao , Hatch Kristin , Rutvisuttinunt Wiriya , Medin Carey , Gabriel Benjamin , Jarman Richard G. , Friberg Heather , Currier Jeffrey R. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractGenerating effective and durable T cell immunity is a critical prerequisite for vaccination against dengue virus (DENV) and other viral diseases. However, understanding the molecular mechanisms of vaccine-elicited T cell immunity remains a critical knowledge gap in vaccinology. In this study, we utilize single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) and longitudinal TCR clonotype analysis to identify a unique transcriptional signature present in acutely activated and clonally-expanded T cells that become committed to the memory repertoire. This effector/memory-associated transcriptional signature is dominated by a robust metabolic transcriptional program. Based on this transcriptional signature, we are able to define a set of markers that identify the most durable vaccine-reactive memory-precursor CD8+ T cells. This study illustrates the power of scRNAseq as an analytical tool to assess the molecular mechanisms of host control and vaccine modality in determining the magnitude, diversity and persistence of vaccine-elicited cell-mediated immunity.
The PINK1 kinase-driven ubiquitin ligase Parkin promotes mitochondrial protein import through the presequence pathway in living cells
Authors: Jacoupy M. , Hamon-Keromen E. , Ordureau A. , Erpapazoglou Z. , Coge F. , Corvol J.-C. , Nosjean O. , Mannoury la Cour C. , Millan M. J. , Boutin J. A. , Harper J. W. , Brice A. , Guedin D. , Gautier C. A. , Corti O. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMost of over a thousand mitochondrial proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and must be imported from the cytosol. Little is known about the cytosolic events regulating mitochondrial protein import, partly due to the lack of appropriate tools for its assessment in living cells. We engineered an inducible biosensor for monitoring the main presequence-mediated import pathway with a quantitative, luminescence-based readout. This tool was used to explore the regulation of mitochondrial import by the PINK1 kinase-driven Parkin ubiquitin ligase, which is dysfunctional in autosomal recessive Parkinson’s disease. We show that mitochondrial import was stimulated by Parkin, but not by disease-causing Parkin variants. This effect was dependent on Parkin activation by PINK1 and accompanied by an increase in the abundance of K11 ubiquitin chains on mitochondria and by ubiquitylation of subunits of the translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane. Mitochondrial import efficiency was abnormally low in cells from patients with PINK1- and PARK2-linked Parkinson’s disease and was restored by phosphomimetic ubiquitin in cells with residual Parkin activity. Altogether, these findings uncover a role of ubiquitylation in mitochondrial import regulation and suggest that loss of this regulatory loop may underlie the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease, providing novel opportunities for therapeutic intervention.
Detachment tectonics at Mid-Atlantic Ridge 26°N
Authors: Szitkar Florent , Dyment Jérôme , Petersen Sven , Bialas Jörg , Klischies Meike , Graber Sebastian , Klaeschen Dirk , Yeo Isobel , Murton Bramley J. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSpreading processes associated with slow-spreading ridges are a complex interplay of volcanic accretion and tectonic dismemberment of the oceanic crust, resulting in an irregular seafloor morphology made up of blocks created by episodes of intense volcanic activity or tectonic deformation. These blocks undergo highly variable evolution, such as tilts or dissection by renewed tectonic extension, depending on their positions with respect to the spreading axis, core complexes, detachment or transform faults. Here, we use near-seafloor magnetic and bathymetric data and seismic profiles collected over the TAG Segment of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge to constrain the tectonic evolution of these blocks. Our study reveals that the presence and evolution of oceanic core complexes play a key role in triggering block movements. The deep subvertical detachment fault roots on the plate boundary, marked by a thermal anomaly and transient magma bodies. Thermal and magmatic variations control the structure and morphology of the seafloor above the subhorizontal detachment surface, occasionally leading to relocating the detachment.
Association of Cyclin Dependent Kinase 10 and Transcription Factor 2 during Human Corneal Epithelial Wound Healing in vitro model
Authors: Zehra Meraj , Mushtaq Shamim , Ghulam Musharraf Syed , Ghani Rubina , Ahmed Nikhat 
Published: August 2019

AbstractProper wound healing is dynamic in order to maintain the corneal integrity and transparency. Impaired or delayed corneal epithelial wound healing is one of the most frequently observed ocular defect and difficult to treat. Cyclin dependen kinase (cdk), a known cell cycle regulator, required for proper proliferating and migration of cell. We therefore investigated the role of cell cycle regulator cdk10, member of cdk family and its functional association with transcriptional factor (ETS2) at active phase of corneal epithelial cell migration. Our data showed that cdk10 was associated with ETS2, while its expression was upregulated at the active phase (18 hours) of cell migration and gradually decrease as the wound was completely closed. Topical treatment with anti-cdk10 and ETS2 antibodies delayed the wound closure time at higest concentration (10 µg/ml) compared to control. Further, our results also showed increased mRNA expression of cdk10 and ETS2 at active phase of migration at approximately 2 fold. Collectively, our data reveals that cdk10 and ETS2 efficiently involved during corneal wound healing. Further studies are warranted to better understand the mechanism and safety of topical cdk10 and ETS2 proteins in corneal epithelial wound-healing and its potential role for human disease treatment.
Characterization and overproduction of cell-associated cholesterol oxidase ChoD from Streptomyces lavendulae YAKB-15
Authors: Yamada Keith , Koroleva Arina , Laughlin Mitchell , Oksanen Niko , Akhgari Amir , Safronova Vera , Yakovleva Elena , Kolodyaznaya Vera , Buldakova Tatiana , Metsä-Ketelä Mikko 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCholesterol oxidases are important enzymes with a wide range of applications from basic research to industry. In this study, we have discovered and described the first cell-associated cholesterol oxidase, ChoD, from Streptomyces lavendulae YAKB-15. This strain is a naturally high producer of ChoD, but only produces ChoD in a complex medium containing whole yeast cells. For characterization of ChoD, we acquired a draft genome sequence of S. lavendulae YAKB-15 and identified a gene product containing a flavin adenine dinucleotide binding motif, which could be responsible for the ChoD activity. The enzymatic activity was confirmed in vitro with histidine tagged ChoD produced in Escherichia coli TOP10, which lead to the determination of basic kinetic parameters with Km 15.9 µM and kcat 10.4/s. The optimum temperature and pH was 65 °C and 5, respectively. In order to increase the efficiency of production, we then expressed the cholesterol oxidase, choD, gene heterologously in Streptomyces lividans TK24 and Streptomyces albus J1074 using two different expression systems. In S. albus J1074, the ChoD activity was comparable to the wild type S. lavendulae YAKB-15, but importantly allowed production of ChoD without the presence of yeast cells.
Extensive Soot Compaction by Cloud Processing from Laboratory and Field Observations
Authors: Bhandari Janarjan , China Swarup , Chandrakar Kamal Kant , Kinney Greg , Cantrell Will , Shaw Raymond A. , Mazzoleni Lynn R. , Girotto Giulia , Sharma Noopur , Gorkowski Kyle , Gilardoni Stefania , Decesari Stefano , Facchini Maria Cristina , Zanca Nicola , Pavese Giulia , Esposito Francesco , Dubey Manvendra K. , Aiken Allison C. , Chakrabarty Rajan K. , Moosmüller Hans , Onasch Timothy B. , Zaveri Rahul A. , Scarnato Barbara V. , Fialho Paulo , Mazzoleni Claudio 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSoot particles form during combustion of carbonaceous materials and impact climate and air quality. When freshly emitted, they are typically fractal-like aggregates. After atmospheric aging, they can act as cloud condensation nuclei, and water condensation or evaporation restructure them to more compact aggregates, affecting their optical, aerodynamic, and surface properties. Here we survey the morphology of ambient soot particles from various locations and different environmental and aging conditions. We used electron microscopy and show extensive soot compaction after cloud processing. We further performed laboratory experiments to simulate atmospheric cloud processing under controlled conditions. We find that soot particles sampled after evaporating the cloud droplets, are significantly more compact than freshly emitted and interstitial soot, confirming that cloud processing, not just exposure to high humidity, compacts soot. Our findings have implications for how the radiative, surface, and aerodynamic properties, and the fate of soot particles are represented in numerical models.
Adjuvant chemotherapy does not provide survival benefits to elderly patients with stage II colon cancer
Authors: Lee Kil-yong , Park Ji Won , Lee Ki-young , Cho Sangsik , Kwon Yoon-Hye , Kim Min Jung , Ryoo Seung-Bum , Jeong Seung-Yong , Park Kyu Joo 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTo date, the effect of adjuvant chemotherapy after curative resection in patients with stage II colon cancer remains controversial. Still, little is known about the effects of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with stage II colon cancer who are older than 70 years, as most studies did not focus on this population. This study aimed to investigate the oncologic outcomes of elderly patients with stage II colon cancer who underwent curative resection with or without postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. We retrospectively reviewed medical records of patients older than 70 years who underwent curative resection of stage II primary colon cancer during 2002–2015. Patients were classified into surgery alone (SA) and adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) groups and propensity score-matched at a 1:1 ratio using a logistic regression. The end points were recurrence-free (RFS), cancer-specific (CSS) and overall survival (OS). Of the 623 patients who met the criteria, 145 were assigned to each arm after propensity score matching. The mean ages of the SA and AC groups were 74.3 and 74.0 years, respectively. A log-rank test revealed no significant inter-group differences in RFS (p = 0.202), CSS (p = 0.486) or OS (p = 0.299). In a Cox regression analysis, adjuvant chemotherapy was not found to be an independent factor affecting RFS (p = 0.206), CSS (p = 0.487) or OS (p = 0.301). Adjuvant chemotherapy does not appear to yield survival benefits in elderly patients with stage II colon cancer.
Effect of mechanically stimulated saliva on initial human dental biofilm formation
Authors: Inui Taichi , Palmer Robert J. , Shah Nehal , Li Wei , Cisar John O. , Wu Christine D. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis study evaluated the impact of mechanically stimulated saliva on initial bacterial colonization. Interaction between oral bacteria and both unstimulated and stimulated saliva was examined in vitro by laying labeled bacteria over SDS-PAGE-separated salivary proteins. The effects of chewing on in vivo biofilm, microbial composition, and spatial arrangement were examined in two human volunteers using an intraoral stent containing retrievable enamel chips. In vitro experiments showed that bacterial binding to proteins from stimulated saliva was lower than that to proteins from unstimulated saliva. Lack of binding activity was noted with Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus casei. Human Oral Microbe Identification Microarray (HOMIM) analyses revealed a consistent chewing-related increase in the binding of Streptococcus anginosus and Streptococcus gordonii. Immunofluorescence microscopy demonstrated the presence of multi-species colonies and cells bearing different serotypes of the coaggregation-mediating streptococcal cell-surface receptor polysaccharides (RPS). Differences in bacterial colonization were noted between the two volunteers, while the type 4 RPS-reactive serotype was absent in one volunteer. Cells reacting with antibody against Rothia or Haemophilus were prominent in the early biofilm. While analysis of the data obtained demonstrated inter-individual variations in both in vitro and in vivo bacterial binding patterns, stimulating saliva with multiple orosensory stimuli may modulate oral bacterial colonization of tooth surfaces.
High 3He/4He ratios in lower East Rift Zone steaming vents precede a new phase of Kilauea 2018 eruption by 8 months
Authors: McMurtry G. M. , Dasilveira L. A. , Horn E. L. , DeLuze J. R. , Blessing J. E. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractOn May 1, 2018, a magnitude 5.0 earthquake heralded the collapse of the Pu’u O’o Vent on the middle East Rift Zone (ERZ) of Kilauea Volcano, active since 1983. Increased seismicity was recorded on the middle to lower ERZ from April 30 until May 2, 2018. The active lava lakes within both Pu’u O’o Vent and Halema’uma’u Crater began to drain and the summit caldera began to deflate, with the summit collapse ending on August 2, 2018 and lower ERZ eruptive lava activity ending by 4 September 2018. Herein we report on elevated 3He/4He ratios in steaming vents in the lower ERZ from samples collected in early September 2017. Gas isotopic measurements were made with a new, field-portable He isotope detector capable of sub-daily monitoring of the 3He/4He ratio. When corrected for air contamination, these values exceed those previously reported for Kilauea by nearly twofold, resembling a purer hotspot plume signature, such as those measured directly over the mantle plume at Loihi Seamount to the SE of Hawaii Island, and in older basalt flows when Kilauea and its sister Hawaiian shield volcanoes were located more directly over the plume. The discovery, which presages the eruption there by more than eight months, suggests that we either sampled a 3He/4He rich magma already in place in the lower ERZ or a shallow groundwater reservoir in the lower ERZ (Puna district) with anomalously low values of 4He relative to their 3He/4He ratio, similar to previous findings there and suggestive of a previously unknown He isotopic fractionation.