bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Strategy To Isolate Modifiers ofCaenorhabditis elegansLethal Mutations: Investigating the Endoderm Specifying Ability of the Intestinal Differentiation GATA Factor ELT-2
Authors: Wiesenfahrt Tobias , Duanmu Jingjie , Snider Frances , Moerman Don , Au Vinci , Li-Leger Erica , Flibotte Stephane , Parker Dylan M , Marshall Craig J , Nishimura Erin Osborne , Mains Paul E , McGhee James D 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe ELT-2 GATA factor normally functions in differentiation of the C. elegans endoderm, downstream of endoderm specification. We have previously shown that, if ELT-2 is expressed sufficiently early, it is also able to specify the endoderm and to replace all other members of the core GATA-factor transcriptional cascade (END-1, END-3, ELT-7). However, such rescue requires multiple copies (and presumably overexpression) of the end-1p::elt-2 cDNA transgene; a single copy of the transgene does not rescue. We have made this observation the basis of a genetic screen to search for genetic modifiers that allow a single copy of the end-1p::elt-2 cDNA transgene to rescue the lethality of the end-1 end-3 double mutant. We performed this screen on a strain that has a single copy insertion of the transgene in an end-1 end-3 background. These animals are kept alive by virtue of an extrachromosomal array containing multiple copies of the rescuing transgene; the extrachromosomal array also contains a toxin under heat shock control to counterselect for mutagenized survivors that have been able to lose the rescuing array. A screen of ∼14,000 mutagenized haploid genomes produced 17 independent surviving strains. Whole genome sequencing was performed to identify genes that incurred independent mutations in more than one surviving strain. The C. elegans gene tasp-1 was mutated in four independent strains. tasp-1 encodes the C. elegans homolog of Taspase, a threonine-aspartic acid protease that has been found, in both mammals and insects, to cleave several proteins involved in transcription, in particular MLL1/trithorax and TFIIA. A second gene, pqn-82, was mutated in two independent strains and encodes a glutamine-asparagine rich protein. tasp-1 and pqn-82 were verified as loss-of-function modifiers of the end-1p::elt-2 transgene by RNAi and by CRISPR/Cas9-induced mutations. In both cases, gene loss leads to modest increases in the level of ELT-2 protein in the early endoderm although ELT-2 levels do not strictly correlate with rescue. We suggest that tasp-1 and pqn-82 represent a class of genes acting in the early embryo to modulate levels of critical transcription factors or to modulate the responsiveness of critical target genes. The screen’s design, rescuing lethality with an extrachromosomal transgene followed by counterselection, has a background survival rate of &lt;10−4 without mutagenesis and should be readily adapted to the general problem of identifying suppressors of C. elegans lethal mutations.
Identification, Characterization, and Expression Analysis of the TaNF-YB3 Gene from Triticum aestivum
Authors: DONG Xiuchun , CHENG Zhiyuan , CHENG Shuhan , XU Feng , AN Yanrong , BIAN Xizuo , CHEN Ting 
Published: March 2018

A full-length cDNA encoding a nuclear factor-YB (NF-YB)/HAP3/CCAAT binding factor-A (CBF-A) subunit of a CCAAT-box binding complex, designated as TaNF-YB3 was isolated from Triticum aestivum. Sequence analysis indicated that the full-length cDNA was 809 bp long, including an open reading frame (ORF) of 597 bp, which encoded a deduced polypeptide of 199 amino acids and is located in chromosome 3D. The deduced protein contained conserved structural domains and showed high identity to other plant NF-YBs. TaNF-YB3 was expressed in various organs, especially in the leaves and stamens; it was also regulated by salt, mannitol, abscisic acid, wounding, and cold. Moreover, TaNF-YB3 was down-regulated by short days and vernalization, and sensitive to the transfer of day length. It was mainly induced by light and exhibited a similar diurnal rhythmic expression pattern with the CCT-domain family gene VRN2 (TaZCCT1 and TaZCCT2), but not with CO (WCO1 and TaHd1). Overall, the results suggested that TaNF-YB3, aside from having a role in regulating day length and vernalization responses, might integrate signals from other environmental stresses to perform its functions in winter wheat adaptability and development.
The Influence of Varieties and Planting Systems on the Peach Tree Growth, Productivity and NPK Uptake
Authors: MATEI Traian G. , STANICA Florin , MADJAR Roxana M. 
Published: March 2018

The present study presents the effect of two organo-mineral fertilizers: root fertilizer C011 and foliar fertilizer 411 bio-ionic liquids,Â on some vegetative and productive features of five new peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] varieties introduced in Romania: â€˜Earlirichâ€™,Â â€˜Royal Estateâ€™, â€˜Rubirichâ€™, â€˜October Starâ€™ and â€˜Late Lukaâ€™, grafted on GF 677 rootstock. The experimental plot located on a reddishÂ preluvosol, have been established in 2008 with four planting systems: Tatura trellis, V planting system, Sibari Y and Vertical axe withÂ different nutrition area/tree. Fertilization was applied on the beggining of June and August, 2010 and 2011 on the soil, locally on the treeÂ rows (C011) and by foliar spraying (411). Trees vegetative growth was compared at the end of the vegetation period by number of fruitÂ buds per unit trunk surface section (CM/TSS) with significant differences between types of crowns and the biggest values for â€˜Rubirichâ€™;Â the total shoots length with significant differences between varieties. The influence of fertilization on trees productivity was apreciatedÂ by analyzing the yield and some typical productivy indexes. The studied parameters including the NPK uptake, have been significantlyÂ influenced by the variety 3.39% Nt at â€˜Rubirichâ€™ in 2010 and 2.75% Nt at â€˜Rubirichâ€™ in 2011 in Tatura trellis planting system.
Impact of White Mistletoe (Viscum album ssp. abietis) Infection on Needles and Crown Morphology of Silver Fir (Abies alba Mill.)
Authors: BARBU Catalina O. 
Published: March 2018

White mistletoe (Viscum album ssp. abietis (Wiesb.) Abromeit), (Santalales, Viscaceae) is a hemiparasite species and, in Romania,Â occurs only on silver fir (Abies alba Mill.). The species affects silver fir stands located mainly at lower elevations on the Eastern border ofÂ the silver fir natural distribution area. Along with drought and pollution, white mistletoe infection plays an important role in silver firÂ decline. The present study tried to quantify the mistletoe impact on crown degradation of silver fir trees, by measuring several parametersÂ such as needle length and needle loss. The data were collected from a pure silver fir stand where more than 70% of trees were affectedÂ by mistletoe. The results indicate that both mistletoe infection and branch position into the crown influence the needles length. TheÂ reduction in needle length was more evident in the upper and middle part of the crown and smaller in the lower part of the crown, asÂ well as in the â€œcompensation crownâ€ (formed by epicormic branches). The difference between needle lengths increases with the infectionÂ degree. In moderately and heavily infected trees, needles are falling in high proportion compared with low infected trees, demonstratingÂ that mistletoe is producing crown degradation significantly reducing the photosynthetic tissue.
Salt-Induced Changes in Antioxidative Enzyme Activities in Shoot Tissues of Two Atriplex Varieties
Authors: SAI KACHOUT Salma , JAFFEL HAMZA Khaoula , KARRAY BOURAOUI Najoua , LECLERC Jean Claude , OUERGHI Zeineb 
Published: March 2018

Â This study examined the influence of salt levels on antioxidant activity and content of carotenoids and anthocyanins of the A. hortensis leaves using two varieties: green orach (var. purpurea ) and red orach (var. rubra). Seeds of Atriplex were exposed to 0, 90, 180 and 260 mM NaCl for 3 months and seeds were sown in an earthen pot. Overall levels of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR) activity were significantly elevated. Salt stress caused a significant decline in tissue concentrations of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). However, 90 mM NaCl did not modify these parameters, which remains similar to control values. Activities of APX and CAT were increase whether the shoots of A. hortensis var. purpurea were grown in the presence of 180 mM NaCl. Thus although some indications of oxidative stress accompany exposure of this salt-tolerant Atriplex varieties to salinity, mechanisms appear to exist within its shoot tissue to permit the tolerance of such oxidative stress. High salt concentration in the culture medium provokes oxidative damage in Atriplex leaves and induces a general increase in antioxidant enzyme activity. In particular, NaCl toxicity decreased content of carotenoids. It also decreased the concentration of anthocyanin pigments in leaves of Atriplex. This work therefore provides a starting point towards a better understanding of the role of antioxidant enzyme in the plant response against salt stress.
What Does Productivity Really Mean? Towards an Integrative Paradigm in the Search for Biodiversity-Productivity Relationships
Authors: HU Liangjun , GUO Qinfeng 
Published: March 2018

How species diversity relates to productivity remains a major debate. To date, however, the underlying mechanisms that regulate the ecological processes involved are still poorly understood. Three major issues persist in early efforts at resolution. First, in the context that productivity drives species diversity, how the pathways operate is poorly-explained. Second, productivity Â per se varies with community or ecosystem maturity. If diversity indeed drives productivity, the criterion of choosing appropriate measures for productivity is not available. Third, spatial scaling suggests that sampling based on small-plots may not be suitable for formulating species richness-productivity relationships (SRPRs). Thus, the long-standing assumption simply linking diversity with productivity and pursuing a generalizing pattern may not be robust. We argue that productivity, though defined as â€˜the rate of biomass productionâ€™, has been measured in two ways environmental surrogates and biomass production leading to misinterpretations and difficulty in the pursuit of generalizable SRPRs. To tackle these issues, we developed an integrative theoretical paradigm encompassing richer biological and physical contexts and clearly reconciling the major processes of the systems, using proper productivity measures and sampling units. We conclude that loose interpretation and confounding measures of productivity may be the real root of current SRPR inconsistencies and debate.
Distinctive Ability of Concept Maps for Assessing Levels of Competence. Pilot study
Authors: Tyumeneva Yulia , Kapuza Anastasia , Vergeles Kseniya 
Published: March 2018

Previous research has proved the concept mapping is an effective tool to evaluate knowledge structure, but usually the concept mapping served to foster and trace individual progress in specific field of knowledge. No attention was paid to identifying or verifying the formal indicators of concept maps or their sensitiveness to the level of competence in a specific field of knowledge. However it will make possible to use concept mapping as a standardized tool. In the current study some possible indicators are suggested based on concept maps of experts (n = 4) and novices (n = 9) in the field of data analysis. Experts and novices constructed their concept maps individually after receiving standardized instructions and brief training. Formal indicators were based on interpreting concept map as a graph. Specifically, indicators such as generality of concepts used, structure coherence, proportions of singular, complex concepts, etc. were expected to be discriminative for different levels of competence. We found that nearly all indicators actually discriminate between experts and novices. In addition, a few qualitative parameters of concept maps were identified (availability of key concepts, existence of erroneous relationships, procedural/conceptual nature of knowledge) which also differed across groups. As a result, concept mapping look potentially helpful for standardized evaluation of competence levels if we use the formal indicators. Although further research on extended and heterogeneous samples is required to test stability and generalizability of this formal approach to the concept mapping.
Smart, Pretty or Independent: Who Is Popular at School?
Authors: Titkova Vera , Ivaniushina Valeria , Alexandrov Daniil 
Published: March 2018

Sixty-two semi-structured interviews with students of grades 9–11 in 15 schools and a survey of 2,376 ninth-graders from 55 schools were used to identify Russian teenagers’ perceptions of popularity and assess gender differences in the factors of popularity. It transpires that 40–50% of school students reject the very notion of “popular” as inequality-inducing. Such attitudes are probably in coherence with collectivistic values that are prevalent in Russian society as opposed to individualistic ones. Students perceived as popular by their peers are characterized as exhibiting prosocial behavior. “The life and soul of the party” was the most frequent characteristic of popular teenagers used in students’ descriptions; “attractive”, “very smart” and “acknowledges no authority” were mentioned slightly less often. Girls are more likely to be classified as popular for their good-looking appearance and sense of style, while boys are revered for sports achievements, arguments with teachers, independence and ability to stand up for themselves. Intellect and sociability are regarded as equally strong factors of popularity for both boys and girls. High status in a class is associated with social approval and support, academic achievements and prosocial behavior. Russian school students differ from their Western peers in their notion and perceptions of popularity.
Teachers’ Salary: Expectations and Results Achieved
Authors: Klyachko Tatyana , Tokareva Galina 
Published: March 2018

The article deals with the main trends occurring in the school education system, which are caused by an increase in the average salaries of teachers. The analysis is conducted both on the basis of official statistics from the Federal State Statistics Service and on results from monitoring the effectiveness of schools conducted by the Center for Continuous Education Economics of The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration. It is shown that parents don’t associate improvement in the quality of teaching with the growth of teachers' salaries. At the same time, they believe that the school performs its functions quite successfully. Teachers themselves are increasingly unhappy with the size of their wages, most of them didn’t feel its increase. At the same time, only 6.6% of teachers plan to leave the profession and work in another sphere.
The Relationship Between Extracurricular Activities and Adolescents’ Academic Performance and Self-Concept
Authors: Alexandrov Daniil , Tenisheva Ksenia , Savelyeva Svetlana 
Published: March 2018

The paper explores the relation between involvement of school students in extracurricular activities and their self-concept in mathematics and humanities as well as physical self-concept. The study is based on a survey involving over 5,000 ninth-graders from schools in St. Petersburg, Leningrad Oblast and Pskov. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis methods reveal that involvement in extracurricular activities of any kind is positively related with academic performance, most strongly with educational achievements in foreign languages. We found no gender differences in the relationship between extracurricular activities and academic performance or self-concept; even sports have the same effects on the self-concept of boys and girls. Both structured and unstructured extracurricular activities are positively related with academic achievement, though the relation for unstructured activities is weaker. Engagement in two or three types structured extracurricular activities and in unstructured activities at the same time appears to be the most useful option in terms of academic achievement. Extracurricular activities also boost students’ self-concept in relevant academic domains. The strength of relationship between extracurricular activities and academic performance depends on the size of the city, being more conspicuous in small cities and towns than in megalopolises.
The Educational Potential of Russian Employers: The Gender Aspect
Authors: Baskakova Marina , Soboleva Irina 
Published: March 2018

The educational potential of prospective and current employers and gender-based differences in its accumulation and use are analyzed from the perspective of the generation of decent jobs based on the data obtained by the Russian Federal State Statistics Service Rosstat) as part of the “Population Survey on Employment Problems” and “Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey” projects. The study reveals that Russian entrepreneurship is characterized by an expressed gender asymmetry. Professionally employed women have higher educational potential than men, yet less opportunity to play out this competitive advantage as entrepreneurs. The educational potential of Russian employers has been found to be pretty high, but their stratum is too thin yet to be a consistent generator of decent jobs and too difficult to expand.
Участие людей старшего возраста в социальном предпринимательстве на примере социального акселератора (Санкт-Петербург)
Authors: Москвина Анастасия Юрьевна , Должикова Дарья Вячеславовна 
Published: March 2018

Анастасия Юрьевна Москвина – к. с.н., менеджер проектов ЦРНО, Санкт-Петербург, Россия. Электронная почта: nastya_moskvina@inbox.ru
Должикова Дарья Вячеславовна – юрист, член Ассоциации «Юристы за гражданское общество», обучающаяся СПбГУ по образовательной программе магистратуры «Медицинское право», Санкт-Петербург, Россия. Электронная почта: dolzhikova.daria@gmail.com
Социальное предпринимательство – новый феномен социально-экономической жизни России. Поскольку оно возникает как способ решать социальные проблемы, с которыми сталкиваются социальные предприниматели и которые зачастую не решаются никем другим, закономерно, что часть таких предприятий или проектов направлены на решение проигнорированных государственными службами проблем пожилых людей. Кроме того, параллельно происходит смена парадигмы старения, что стимулирует пожилых становиться авторами и лидерами проектов в области социального предпринимательства. C одной стороны, все больше пожилых людей после выхода на пенсию остаются активными и хотят реализовывать себя в профессии, на работе, в деле, зарабатывать деньги. С другой стороны, большинство социальных проектов после окончания финансирования ищут способы оставаться устойчивыми и поддерживают идеи соцпредпринимательства у самих клиентов. В данном обзоре рассматриваются соцпредпринимательские проекты и социальные предприятия, поддержанные Ресурсным центром для НКО в Санкт-Петербурге, которые создаются пожилыми людьми. На примере руководителей соцпредпринимательских проектов, прошедших обучение в акселерационных программах Ресурсного центра для НКО в 2015–2017 гг., можно увидеть, что пожилые становятся все более активными. Анализ законодательства в этой сфере показывает при этом, что правовых стимулов и льгот к занятию предпринимательской деятельностью для пожилых на текущий момент нет. Представляется, что необходима поддержка и стимулирование пожилых для успешной реализации в таком полезном для общества деле, как бизнес, ориентированный на решение социальных проблем.
Российский индекс благополучия старшего поколения: методология, методика, апробация
Authors: Павлова Ирина Анатольевна , Монастырный Евгений Александрович , Гуменников Илья Владимирович , Барышева Галина Анзельмовна 
Published: March 2018

Ирина Анатольевна Павлова – к. э.н., старший преподаватель кафедры экономики, научный сотрудник, Томский политехнический университет, Томск, Россия. Электронная почта: iapav@mail.ru
Евгений Александрович Монастырный – д. э.н., профессор кафедры экономики, ведущий научный сотрудник, Томский политехнический университет, Томск, Россия. Электронная почта: e.monastyrny@gmail.com
Илья Владимирович Гуменников – аспирант кафедры экономики, лаборант, Томский политехнический университет, Томск, Россия. Электронная почта: iv.gumennikov@gmail.com
Галина Анзельмовна Барышева – д. э.н., заведующая кафедрой экономики, Томский политехнический университет, Томск, Россия. Электронная почта: ganb@tpu.ru
Одним из комплексных подходов для оценки сложных явлений служат интегральные (композитные) индексы, которые применяются для оценки институциальной среды и деятельности отдельных организаций. В статье описывается метод разработки интегрального индекса для оценки благополучия пожилых в России. Мы отвечаем на два основных вопроса: (а) позволяют ли открытые данные федеральной статистики сформировать инструмент для оценки благополучия пожилых людей на федеральном и региональном уровнях РФ и (б) может ли этот инструмент использоваться для многоуровневого анализа благополучия как комплексного явления. Для методологического обоснования предлагаемого индекса используются системный и институциальный подходы, для выделения основных процессов благополучия применяется метод комплексного многоуровневого анализа. Источниками для расчета являются данные Комплексного наблюдения условий жизни населения в 2014 г., раздела «Старшее поколение» официального сайта Федеральной службы государственной статистики, Выборочное федеральное статистическое наблюдение по вопросам использования населением информационных технологий и информационно-телекоммуникационных сетей. Основным результатом анализа является интегральный (композитный) индекс – Российский индекс благополучия старшего поколения (РИБСП), рассчитанный с учетом всех регионов. В статье сформулирован вывод о возможности выбора из массива данных государственной статистики показателей для оценки благополучия пожилых людей в субъектах РФ по четырем доменам индекса (экономика, социум, здоровье, региональное пространство), которые могут служить и самостоятельными субиндексами для мониторинга и оценки соответствующих процессов в регионах. В работе приводятся возможности и ограничения применения данного инструмента оценивания, связанные с (1) методологической и методической спецификой композитных индексов, (2) отсутствием или ограничением данных по регионам.
Özellikli hastalarda endoskopik retrograd kolanjiopankreatografi işlemleri, tek merkezli klinik tecrübe
Authors: AYDIN Mesut , ALPER Emrah , KANAT Evren , DÜLGER Ahmet Cumhur 
Published: March 2018

Endoskopik retrograd kolanjiopankreatografi, gastroenterolojinin
en çok komplikasyona sahip işlemlerinden biridir. Klasik işlemin yanında bazı
farklılıklar gösteren hasta ve hastalıklarda işlemde veya kullanılan
malzemelerde bazı değişiklikler yapmak gerekebilmekte, deneyimli merkezlerde bu
işlemler daha az komplikasyonla yapılabilmektedir. Biz de kendi merkezimizde
yaptığımız bazı özellikli endoskopik retrograd kolanjiopankreatografi işlemlerini
sunmayı amaçladık.Endoskopik retrograd kolanjiopankreatografi, gastroenterolojinin
en çok komplikasyona sahip işlemlerinden biridir. Klasik işlemin yanında bazı
farklılıklar gösteren hasta ve hastalıklarda işlemde veya kullanılan
malzemelerde bazı değişiklikler yapmak gerekebilmekte, deneyimli merkezlerde bu
işlemler daha az komplikasyonla yapılabilmektedir. Biz de kendi merkezimizde
yaptığımız bazı özellikli endoskopik retrograd kolanjiopankreatografi işlemlerini
sunmayı amaçladık.