bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growing Trends of Using Mobile in English Language Learning
Authors: Aziz Asma Abdul , Hassan Mehmood Ul , Dzakiria Hisham , Mahmood Qaisar 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The study explores growing trends of using mobile in English language learning among higher secondary school learners in Pakistan. A survey is conducted to collect data from randomly selected students in district Okara (Punjab), Pakistan. Questionnaire based on five likert scale used to collect quantitative data. Analysis done on SPSS, to acquire mean score and frequency analysis reveals that higher secondary school students of English have great tendency for using mobile to learn English. Besides Students’ perception as obtained from survey prove that using mobile for English language learning makes their job easy and they are able to develop their listening and communicative habits. Findings of this study also reveal that using mobile for English language learning makes the students, independent and self-evaluator.
The International Energy Strategies Ruling the Middle East for a Century Re-appear and Determine the Destiny of the Whole Eastern Mediterranean Region
Authors: Alobeid Aref , Vidakis Ioannis , Baltos Georgios , Balodis Janis 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
This paper examines the involvement of Western powers in the politics of Caucasus and Mesopotamia regions around the beginning of the 20th century. It attempts to identify the ideological background of the respective historical events whirled around the geopolitical and geo-economics aspirations of the super powers of that era. The motives of the relevant tremendous investments and campaigns undertaken do not always coincide with the rhetoric and the rationale provided by politicians and spokesmen favoring the expeditions. On one hand scholars were metaphorically reviving the clash of civilizations or the crusades re-launch, while on the other hand politicians and businessmen were taking advantage of the cultural stereotypes in order to facilitate colonial interests and energy resources acquisition. All the way from the early British interventions in the Middle East to the causes of the “fragile” Treaty of the Sèvres, this study emphasizes on the industrial countries’ needs for oil along with the rivalry among the Great Powers for the resources control in the region. In addition, the analysis ends at the present time with a focus on the periodicity of the events taking place in repetition under similar patterns. The projection to the present times involves newly designed energy strategies for the Eastern Mediterranean basin, involving Cyprus in an alternative way to transfer energy toward Southern Europe.
Potentials for demographic dividend and rapid economic growth in Mali: What policy scenario would yield the greatest dividend?
Authors: Odimegwu Clifford O. , Olamijuwon Emmanuel O. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe demographic changes occurring in Mali, evident in high fertility but declining mortality rates have raised optimism about the prospects of reaping demographic dividend. However, it remains unclear how soon and what policy scenario would yield the largest demographic dividend in the country. We used a demographic-economic model “DemDiv” to assess the prospects of reaping a demographic dividend in Mali by 2050. We illuminate this further by examining the cost and implications of different combination of education, family planning and economic policies. The results show that by increasing access to education, family planning services coupled with strong economic reforms, Mali’s GDP per capita will be $27,044 by 2050. This high per capita GDP is almost thrice the benefit of prioritising only economic reforms. Mali would also have a GDP of $977 billion. These findings highlight the need for sound demographic and market-oriented economic policies for Mali to reap a large demographic dividend by 2050.
Preliminary outcomes in transcutaneous neuromuscular electrical stimulation use in patients with dysphagia
Authors: Sarafoleanu Codrut , Enache Raluca 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Dysphagia is a common disorder associated with a large number of etiologies like aging, stroke, traumatic brain injury, head and neck cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, structural changes or congenital abnormalities. The type of the treatment and its results depend on the type, severity and the cause of dysphagia. The primary goal of dysphagia treatment is to improve the swallowing process and decrease the risk of aspiration.
Along with the existing rehabilitation swallowing treatments, new adjunctive therapy options developed, one of them being the neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES).
The authors present the principles of NMES, a small literature review about the results of this therapy and their experience in using transcutaneous NMES in dysphagia patients.
Farmers’ Markets as a Business Model Encouraging Sustainable Production and Consumption
Authors: Arabska Ekaterina 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The current study discusses the role and the importance of alternative food networks, farmers’ markets in particular, for sustainable rural development through the example of Bulgaria. Farmers’ markets are considered as a sustainable business model of networking which encourages production and consumption of local food of healthy origin adhering to high standards for quality and safety, building society and trust and encouraging development of rural regions. The case of Bulgaria is scrutinized in the context of the support for local food and short supply chains anticipated under the national rural development programme for the period 2014–2020 and the current state-of-art and capacities of available farmers’ markets. Some good practices are analyzed and presented establishing a new type of relationships between producers and consumers of farm products proving that farmers’ markets could be efficient incubators of local businesses and new relationships with end-users. Conclusions are made on nature, objectives and functioning of farmers’ markets, challenges and problems in their promotion, support and encouragement.
Innovations Connected to Methanol in the Service of Blue Economy
Authors: Toth Judit , Szlovák Sandor , Magda Robert 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The model of Blue Economy by G. Pauli is inspired by nature. Its main task is to develop innovative methods based on the use of available resources and the use of nature-based solutions. The principle of Blue Economy requires close cooperation of research and development and business activities; and it seeks implementation options in the structure of local economies. Based on the theory known as ‘blue economy’, in order to overcome certain problems of mankind – for example, energy production and consumption –, we must recognize and use some methods given to us by nature. This may be provided to us by new innovations that think according to system theory, that is, occupy the exceptionally effective self-regulating processes of nature in the economy. Methanol may play a key role in succeeding sustainability regarding nature, economy and society. Methanol economy can contribute to reducing human impacts on Earth’s climate by reversing atmospheric carbon dioxide, and it provides the opportunity to get rid of our dependence on dwindling oil and gas resources.
Regional Differences in Land Use in Hungary
Authors: Bozsik Norbert , Koncz Gábor 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
In the last decades, the area of agricultural land has been declined permanently in Hungary. Despite the diminishing production area, Hungary is among the leaders in terms of the proportion of agricultural land to the total area in the European Union. There are several reasons of using the arable land. As other economic sectors have gained a greater role in the production of GDP and employment, they have taken a larger area from agriculture. Real estate and infrastructure developments were justified by raising the standard of living of the population. The soil, nature, landscape and water protection aspects were also involved. In Hungary, the arable land is the most important natural resource, so it is very important to protect it. In our study, we examine the changes of arable land and uncultivated area in Hungary based on secondary databases of the Hungarian Central Statistical Office and departments of the Ministry of Agriculture. In the course of the research we focused on regional disparities.
The Efficiency Research of the Oat and Proso Market in the Modern Kazakhstan
Authors: Kadyrbekova Marita Baltabayevna 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
This article researches how efficient is the oat and proso market in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Moreover, this work offers recommendations to improve operational efficiency of the oat and proso market in Kazakhstan. The research purpose is to offer theoretical and practical background that describes how to use economic mechanisms to develop the agrarian economy in Kazakhstan. The research observation consists of comparative, quantitative, econometric and analytical methods. The research result is to research the efficiency of the internal oat and proso market in Kazakhstan. The research conclusion shows that the Kostanay province is among the leaders in growing oats and the Pavlodar province in growing proso.
Environmental Pollution and Sustainability or the Impact of the Environmentally Conscious Measures of International Cosmetic Companies on Purchasing Organic Cosmetics
Authors: Amberg Nora , Magda Robert 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Our research deals with environmental pollution, sustainability, and the impacts made by international cosmetic companies on the motivation of purchasing organic cosmetics. Unfortunately, our environment is becoming more and more polluted, which affects our planet Earth on a global scale. It is everybody’s responsibility to decrease the environmental load, diminish our ecological footprint and leave a much cleaner and safer environment to the future generation in line with the principles of sustainable development. We have examined global environmental problems, the efforts made by international cosmetic companies to protect the environment and their impact on the preference, selection and purchase of environmentally friendly cosmetics. Nowadays, efforts of significant importance are prioritised that are more and more shifted to health and environmental consciousness regarding both corporate and consumer behaviour.
Measurement of Methane and Other Atmospheric Pollutants Emitted by Flooded Paddy Fields
Authors: Dimitrova Svetla 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The increase of methane concentration has been established during the last decades. This gas has a relative potential for thermal absorption, 30 times higher than CO2, which means that it is more active in the interaction with the ozone and its blocking. About 70% of the global total emission of methane in the atmosphere is of biogenic origin. Flooded paddy fields are one of the main sources of atmosphere pollutions with methane. Irrigation of rice fields by overflowing reduces the feeding of the ground with oxygen from the air. This in turn affects the fermentation of organic substances in the ground. Methane is the final product in this process. The measurement was performed in the phase of rice earing by an authorized laboratory associated to the Executive Environment Agency at the Ministry of Waters and Environment by means of methods specified by the Ministry. The concentrations of damaging substances were automatically measured at every 60 min for SO2, NO2, NO, and at every 30 min for H2S, CH4, NMHC, CO, and NH3. The obtained results prove that the concentrations of NO, H2S, CH4 and NMHC exceed all limits. The quantity of gases is influenced by the variety peculiarities of the culture (the roots mass, the total bio-mass and the running metabolic processes).
GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF USE OF DOSED PHYSICAL EXERCISE IN PATIENTS WITH HEMODIALYSIS
Authors: Vishnevsky K. A. , Rumyantsev A. Sh. , Korosteleva N. Yu. 
Published: July 2018

The article reflects modern ideas about the causes and mechanisms of the physical functioning disorders in patients with chronic kidney disease receiving program hemodialysis. Various types of physical activity are considered and the rationale for their use in dialysis patients is justified. The diagnostics possibilities of the protein- energy deficiency main variants are presented. Possible directions for their correction are outlined. The possibilities and methods of regular physical training in such a complex cohort of patients with changes in almost all the basic systems of the body are described in detail. For patients who cannot perform physical exercises in a training mode, a new rehabilitation technique was developed and tested on a representative sample, and a new rehabilitation technique that was not previously used in nephrology – a cutaneous bilateral electrostimulation of the muscles of the lower extremities – was justified and considered in detail. The authors give their own data on long-term follow-up of patients, which confirm the possibilities of the presented methods not only in terms of improving physical performance, but also in improving the adequacy of dialysis and the quality of life.
URINARY TRACT INFECTION IN ADOLESCENTS. MODERN APPROACHES TO DIAGNOSTICS, TREATMENT AND DISPENSARY OBSERVATION
Authors: Kuprienko N. B. , Smirnova N. N. 
Published: July 2018

Current review provides data of etiology, pathogenesis and clinical evidences of urinary tract infection (UTI) in adolescents in connection with physiology of pubertal period. Data of congenital and acquired factors leading to origin and chronicity of the inflammation are presented. Treatment and rehabilitation approaches for adolescents with UTI are provided. Authors emphasize that metabolic disorders appeared in active stage of inflammation do not disappear when clinical symptoms of UTI, bacteriuria and leukocyturia are gone.
ATYPICAL HEMOLYTIC UREMIC SYNDROME AND C3 GLOMERULOPATHY: CONCLUSIONS FROM A «KIDNEY DISEASE: IMPROVING GLOBAL OUTCOMES» (KDIGO) CONTROVERSIES CONFERENCE
Authors: H.J. Goodship Timothy , Cook H. Terence , Fakhouri Fadi , Fervenza Fernando C. , Fremeaux-Bacchi Veronique , Kavanagh David , Nester Carla M. , Noris Marina , Pickering Matthew C. , De Co´rdoba Santiago Rodrı´guez , Roumenina Lubka T. , Sethi Sanjeev , J.H. Smith Richard 
Published: July 2018

In both atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) and C3 glomerulopathy (C3G) complement plays a primary role in disease pathogenesis. Herein we report the outcome of a 2015 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Controversies Conference where key issues in the management of these 2 diseases were considered by a global panel of experts. Areas addressed included renal pathology, clinical phenotype and assessment, genetic drivers of disease, acquired drivers of disease, and treatment strategies. In order to help guide clinicians who are caring for such patients, recommendations for best treatment strategies were discussed at length, providing the evidence base underpinning current treatment options. Knowledge gaps were identified and a prioritized research agenda was proposed to resolve outstanding controversial issues.
THYROID DYSFUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE: THE STATE OF THE PROBLEM AND THE WAYS OF SOLVING
Authors: Volkova A. R. , Dygun O. D. , Lukichev B. G. , Dora S. V. , Galkina O. V. 
Published: July 2018

Disturbance of the thyroid function is often detected in patients with different profiles. A special feature of patients with chronic kidney disease is the higher incidence of various thyroid function disturbances, especially hypothyroidism. It is known that in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) iodine excretion from the body is violated, since normally 90% of iodine is excreted in urine. Accumulation of high concentrations of inorganic iodine leads to the formation of the Wolf-Chaikoff effect: suppression of iodine organization in the thyroid gland and disruption of the thyroid hormones synthesis. Peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormones is also disturbed, namely, deiodinase type I activity is suppressed and peripheral conversion of T4 into T3 is inhibited (so-called low T3 syndrome). Therefore, patients with CKD are often diagnosed with hypothyroidism, and the origin of hypothyroidism is not always associated with the outcome of autoimmune thyroiditis. The article presents an overview of a large number of population studies of thyroid gland dysfunction in patients with CKD, as well as experimental data specifying the pathogenetic mechanisms of thyroid dysfunction in patients with CKD. Therapeutic tactics are still not regulated. However, in a number of studies, replacement therapy with thyroid hormones in patients with CKD had some advantages.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF DETERMINATION OF LIPOCALIN-2 ASSOCIATED WITH NEUTROPHILIC GELATINASE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE (LITERATURE REVIEW)
Authors: Eremeeva A. V. , Dlin V. V. , Korsunsky A. A. , Zaikova N. M. , Bondarenko E. D. 
Published: July 2018

Improvement of diagnosis and prediction methods of the chronic kidney disease is associated with the identification and studying of new biomarkers, not depending on kidney filtration function. In this literature review we present the research data of Lipocalin-2 associated with neutrophilic gelatinase in diagnostics, assessment of severity and rate of progression of chronic kidney disease both in adults and children.
COLONIC MICROBIOTA AND CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE. MESSAGE ONE
Authors: Lukichev B. G. , Rumyantsev A. Sh. , Akimenko V. 
Published: July 2018

Interest in studying the role of the gastrointestinal tract in maintaining homeostasis in chronic kidney disease is a traditional one. It served, in particular, as a starting point for the creation of enterosorbents. However, if earlier the main attention was paid to the mechanical removal of a number of potentially dangerous biologically active substances, recently an intestinal microbiota has become an object of interest. The first part of the literature review on this topic is devoted to questions of terminology, the normal physiology of the colon microbiota. A detailed description of dysbiosis is given. The features of the main groups of microorganisms are reflected. The hypothetical and confirmed interrelations of the intestine-kidney axis are presented. The pathogenetic mechanisms of the colon dysbiosis influence on the processes of local and systemic inflammation are discussed. The influence of dysbiosis on the state of the kidney parenchyma and its participation in the progression of CKD are debated.
QUALITY OF LIFE IN RENAL TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS
Authors: Vasilieva I. A. 
Published: July 2018

THE AIM. To assess quality of life (QOL) in kidney transplant recipients (KTR) using the Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form (KDQOL-SFTM) questionnaire which includes specific for renal replacement therapy questions, and to compare QOL of KTR and hemodialysis (HD) patients.PATIENTS AND METHODS. 41 KTR and 142 HD patients were included in the study. The KDQOL-SF questionnaire was used for QOL evaluation.RESULTS. Compared with HD patients, KTR scored higher on the majority of self-assessed physical health parameters (Physical Functioning, Pain, General Health, Physical Component Summary). Significant differences were observed for two of the five scales representing psychosocial component of QOL – Vitality and Social Functioning. Overall health rating was also higher in KTR. These patients were frustrated by the burden of kidney disease and its limiting impact on daily activities to a lesser degree. The frequency of patients’ complaints decreased. 39% of HD patients reported being bothered by itchy skin, among KTR – only 8%. Soreness in muscles bothered 44% of HD patients and 22% of KTR, numbness in hands or feet – 33% of HD patients and 13% of KTR. Limited ability to travel was bothersome for 75% of HD patients and 42% of KTR. 38% of KTR, and 29% of HD patients were employed.CONCLUSION. As far as we know, the presented study is the first in our country to report about QOL in KTR where QOL was measured using a questionnaire containing items specific for renal replacement therapy. It was shown that KTR scored higher than HD patients on the majority of KDQOL-SF scales.
DIAGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF BLOOD SERUM CYTOKINE PROFILE FOR CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IN CHILDREN
Authors: Semeshina O. V. , Luchaninova V. N. , Nee A. , Markelova E. V. , Gorelik N. V. , Krutova A. S. , Bykova O. G. 
Published: July 2018

THE AIM: to study diagnostic and prognostic significance of blood serum cytokine status evaluation in children with different nosological forms of kidney diseases.PATIENTS AND METHODS. The study included 255 children with various kidney diseases (kidney stone disease (KSD) – 16, with infectious kidney diseases (IKD) – 174, with a glomerulopathy (GP) – 65). In all study groups were dominant children with 1st and 2nd stage of CKD (100%, 97,5% and 95,4% respectively). The control group included 50 virtually healthy children. All patients determined level of TNF-α, TNF-RI and TNF-RII, IL-10, TGF-β1 and TGF-β3, IL2, IL2-SR in blood serum.RESULTS.Increase of TNF-α level in blood serum can be considered as a highly specific marker of acute pielonephritis chronization, as well as decrease of TNF-RII concentration can be considered as a marker of full clinical and laboratory pielonephritis remission. The increase in TNF-α and TNF-RI can also be considered as a marker of autoimmune inflammation. Deficiency of IL-2, IL-10 and TGF-β3 with an increase in IL-2 R in blood should be used as a marker of bacterial-inflammatory and autoimmune kidney diseases, and TGF- β1 increase as an early marker of nephrosclerosis, especially in patients with glomerulonephritis. The increase of the inflammatory index TNF-α / IL-10 more than 4 times, gives us the opportunity to position it as an additional diagnostic criterion for infectious and autoimmune process in the kidneys. The increase in urinary excretion of TNF-α with the decrease of IL-10 by maintaining consistently high concentrations of TGF-β1 is a marker of inflammation and fibrosis in infectious kidney diseases and glomerulonephritis. Modern nephroprotection therapy directed at slowing progression of CKD and its complications should include modulation of cytokine status.