bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modern principles in the management of nodular lymphocyte‐predominant Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Spinner Michael A. , Varma Gaurav , Advani Ranjana H. 
Published: November 2018

SummaryNodular lymphocyte‐predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) is a unique rare subtype of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) which differs clinically, pathologically and biologically from classic HL, warranting a nuanced approach to treatment. CD20 expression by malignant lymphocyte‐predominant cells, a tendency for late relapses, and the risk of transformation to aggressive large B‐cell lymphoma are characteristic features with important implications for treatment and follow‐up. Recognition of histopathological variant patterns is also critical, with important implications for prognosis and treatment. The optimal management for NLPHL is unclear and opinions differ as to whether treatment paradigms should be similar to, or differ from, those for classic HL. Therapy differs for early versus advanced stage disease and for frontline versus relapsed or refractory disease. Potential treatment strategies include radiotherapy, combined modality therapy, chemotherapy, rituximab and watchful waiting. Given the excellent overall survival of NLPHL, treatment choices should be geared towards reducing long‐term toxicity and optimizing survivorship. In this review, we provide an overview of the current literature and discuss modern principles in the management of NLPHL.
Genotype‐phenotype correlations in focal malformations of cortical development: a pathway to integrated pathological diagnosis in epilepsy surgery
Authors: Benova Barbora , Jacques Thomas S. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMalformations of cortical development (MCD) comprise a broad spectrum of developmental brain abnormalities. Patients presenting withMCDs often suffer from drug‐resistant focal epilepsy, and some become candidates for epilepsy surgery. Their likelihood of achieving freedom from seizures, however, remains uncertain, and depends in a major part on the underlying pathology. Tissue samples obtained in epilepsy surgery form the basis of definite histopathological diagnosis; however, new molecular genetic methods have not yet been implemented in diagnostic processes forMCDcases. Furthermore, it has not been completely understood how the underlying pathology affects patients’ outcomes after epilepsy surgery. We performed a systematic literature review of studies describing both histopathological and molecular genetic findings inMCD, along with studies on epilepsy surgery outcomes. We aimed to correlate the genetic causes with the underlying morphological abnormalities in focal cortical malformations and to stress the importance of the underlying biology for patient management and counseling. From the summarized findings of multiple authors, it is obvious thatMCDmay have a diverse genetic background despite a similar or even identical histopathological picture. Even though most of their molecular genetic findings converge on various levels of thePI3K/AKT/mTORpathway, the exact mechanisms underlyingMCDformation have not yet been completely described or indeed how this pathway generates a diverse range of histological abnormalities. Based on our findings, we therefore propose that all patients diagnosed and operated for drug‐resistant epilepsy should have an integrated molecular and pathological diagnosis similar to the current practice in brain tumor diagnostic processes that might lead to more accurate diagnosis and effective stratification of patients undergoing epilepsy surgery.
Sexual selection and its evolutionary consequences in female animals
Authors: Hare Robin M. , Simmons Leigh W. 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTFor sexual selection to act on a given sex, there must exist variation in the reproductive success of that sex as a result of differential access to mates or fertilisations. The mechanisms and consequences of sexual selection acting on male animals are well documented, but research on sexual selection acting on females has only recently received attention. Controversy still exists over whether sexual selection acts on females in the traditional sense, and over whether to modify the existing definition of sexual selection (to include resource competition) or to invoke alternative mechanisms (usually social selection) to explain selection acting on females in connection with reproduction. However, substantial evidence exists of females bearing characters or exhibiting behaviours that result in differential reproductive success that are analogous to those attributed to sexual selection in males. Here we summarise the literature and provide substantial evidence of female intrasexual competition for access to mates, female intersexual signalling to potential mates, and postcopulatory mechanisms such as competition between eggs for access to sperm and cryptic male allocation. Our review makes clear that sexual selection acts on females and males in similar ways but sometimes to differing extents: the ceiling for the elaboration of costly traits may be lower in females than in males. We predict that current and future research on female sexual selection will provide increasing support for the parsimony and utility of the existing definition of sexual selection.
Conservation needs exposed by variability in common‐pool governance principles
Authors: McClanahan Tim R. , Abunge Caroline A. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractCommon‐pool governance principles are becoming increasingly important tools for natural resource management with communities and comanagement arrangements. Effectiveness of these principles depends on variability in agreements, trust, and adherence to institutional norms. We evaluated heterogeneity in governance principles by asking 449 people in 30 fishing communities in 4 East African countries to rate their effectiveness. The influences of individuals, their membership and role in stakeholder community groups, leadership, community, and country were tested. The membership and role of people were not the main influence on their perceptions of the effectiveness of governance principles. Therefore, drawing conclusions about the effectiveness of specific principles would be difficult to make independent of the individuals asked. More critical were individuals’ nationalities and their associations with the shared perceptions of a response‐group's effectiveness of each principle. Perceptions of effectiveness differed strongly by country, and respondents from poor nations (Madagascar and Mozambique) were more cohesiveness but had fewer and weaker between‐community conflict‐resolution mechanisms. Overall, group identity, group autonomy, decision‐making process, and conflict resolution principles were perceived to be most effective and likely to be enforced by repeated low‐cost intragroup activities. Graduated sanctions, cost–benefit sharing, and monitoring resource users, fisheries, and ecology were the least scaled principles and less affordable via local control. We suggest these 2 groups of principles form independently and, as economies develop and natural resources become limiting, sustainability increasingly depends on the later principles. Therefore, management effectiveness in resource‐limited situations depends on distributing power, skills, and costs beyond fishing communities to insure conservation needs are met.
Factors associated with multiple contact allergies in Thai dermatitis patients: A 10‐year retrospective study
Authors: Winayanuwattikun Waranaree , Boonchai Waranya 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundMultiple contact allergies (MCAs) are defined as three or more positive patch test reactions to unrelated antigens. Factors associated with MCAs include female sex, older age, and certain eczema sites.ObjectivesTo investigate the prevalence of MCAs, risk factors for their development, and patterns of allergen combinations.MethodsThis retrospective, case‐control study was conducted on patients suspected of having allergic contact dermatitis who had been patch tested with a baseline series in the period January 2007 to December 2016.ResultsOf the 2178 included patients, 531 (24.4%) had MCAs. A multivariate analysis showed that a generalized distribution of dermatitis represented the highest risk factor (odds ratio [OR] 3.97), followed by a history of metal allergy (OR 3.18). The other significantly associated factors were, in order of decreasing frequency, the dermatitis sites (hands/feet, extremities, and face), age ≥25 years, and occupationally related dermatitis; their ORs were <3.ConclusionsThe factors that were significantly associated with MCAs were identified. The ranking of the common contact allergens among MCA patients was comparable with that of non‐MCA patients. Metal and fragrance allergens were frequently found to cause concurrent positive reactions in MCA patients.
Matrix stiffness regulates arteriovenous differentiation of endothelial progenitor cells during vasculogenesis in nude mice
Authors: Xue Changyue , Huang Qian , Zhang Tao , Zhao Dan , Ma Quanquan , Tian Taoran , Cai Xiaoxiao 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of the study was to investigate the effect of matrix stiffness on arteriovenous differentiation of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) during vasculogenesis in nude mice.Materials and methodsDextran hydrogels of differing stiffnesses were first prepared by controlling the crosslinking reaction to generate different thioether bonds. Hydrogels with stiffnesses matching those of the arterial extracellular matrix and venous extracellular matrix were separately combined with mouse bone marrow‐derived EPCs and subcutaneously implanted on either side of the backs of nude mice. After 14 days, artery‐specific marker Efnb2 and vein‐specific marker Ephb4 in the neovasculature were detected to determine the effect of matrix stiffness on the arteriovenous differentiation of EPCs in vivo.ResultsFourteen days after the implantation of the EPC‐loaded dextran hydrogels, new blood vessels were observed in both types of hydrogels. We further verified that matrix stiffness regulated the arteriovenous differentiation of EPCs during vasculogenesis via the Ras/Mek pathway.ConclusionsMatrix stiffness regulates the arteriovenous differentiation of EPCs during vasculogenesis in nude mice through the Ras/Mek pathway.
Safety and tolerability of high‐intensity statin therapy in heart transplant patients receiving immunosuppression with tacrolimus
Authors: Heeney Stephanie A. , Tjugum Shelby L. , Corkish Morgan E. , Hollis Ian B. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundFollowing heart transplantation (HT), HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) have been shown to reduce total and low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, development of cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV), and mortality. Studies in HT patients have demonstrated the safety of low/moderate intensity statins; however, little data exist using high‐intensity (HI) statins. The study aim was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of HI statins in HT recipients receiving tacrolimus.MethodsThis single‐center, retrospective analysis included adult HT recipients from January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2015, who received HI statin therapy during posttransplant follow‐up. The primary outcome, tolerability, was defined as the absence of myalgias, hepatotoxicity, rhabdomyolysis, or HI statin dose reduction/discontinuation. The secondary end point was the mean reduction in total and LDL cholesterol.ResultsAmong the 24 patients included, one experienced myalgias and therapy discontinuation (4%; P > 0.99). No other HI statin dose reduction/discontinuation occurred, and no instances of rhabdomyolysis or hepatotoxicity were observed. The average reduction in total and LDL cholesterol after conversion to HI statin was 35 mg/dL (P = 0.02) and 19 mg/dL (P = 0.10), respectively.ConclusionsHigh‐intensity statin therapy appears safe and efficacious in HT recipients receiving tacrolimus and is a reasonable option for the treatment of refractory hyperlipidemia.
Impact of baseline left ventricular ejection fraction on outcome after transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation in patients with and without low‐gradient aortic stenosis
Authors: El‐Chilali Karim , Patsalis Polykarpos Christos , Al‐Rashid Fadi , Kahlert Heike Annelie , Riebisch Matthias , Mincu Raluca‐Ileana , Totzeck Matthias , Lind Alexander , Jánosi Rolf Alexander , Kehren Clemens , Dirkmann Daniel , Peters Jürgen , Wendt Daniel , Jakob Heinz , Rassaf Tienush , Kahlert Philipp 
Published: November 2018

ObjectivesTo evaluate the impact of baseline left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and its interaction with low‐gradient aortic stenosis (LGAS) on all‐cause mortality after transfemoral aortic valve implantation (TF‐TAVI).MethodsWe reviewed mortality data of 624 consecutive single center TF‐TAVI patients and categorized LVEF according to current ASE/EACVI recommendations (normal, mildly‐, moderately‐, and severely abnormal).ResultsBaseline LVEF was normal in 336 (53.8%), mildly abnormal in 160 (25.6%), moderately abnormal in 91 (14.6%), and severely abnormal in 37 (5.9%) patients, and 1‐year mortality was 19%, 17%, 23%, and 43% (P = 0.002), respectively. Patients with LGAS had a similar 1‐year mortality compared to those without LGAS in groups with normal (19% vs 19%, P = 0.899) and mildly abnormal LVEF (16% vs 17%, P = 0.898). One‐year mortality of patients with LGAS was significantly greater than in those without LGAS in presence of moderately abnormal LVEF (31% vs 11%, P = 0.022), and it was numerically greater than in those without LGAS in presence of severely abnormal LVEF (48% vs 25%, P = 0.219). In multivariate analysis, only the combination of moderately/severely abnormal LVEF and LGAS predicted increased 1‐year mortality (HR: 2.12, 95% CI: 1.4–3.2, P < 0.001). Other variables, including EuroSCORE I did not affect this result.ConclusionsModerately/severely abnormal LVEF (≤40%) at baseline is associated with increased mortality after TF‐TAVI, especially when the mean transvalvular aortic gradient is <40 mm Hg (LGAS), while outcomes in patients with normal and mildly abnormal LVEF are comparable regardless of the pressure gradient across the native aortic valve. (DRKS00013729).
Temporal trends and patterns in carbamazepine use, related severe cutaneous adverse reactions, and HLA‐B*15:02 screening: A nationwide study
Authors: Lin Chih‐Wan , Huang Wei‐I , Chao Pi‐Hui , Chen Wen‐Wen , Hsiao Fei‐Yuan 
Published: November 2018

SummaryObjectiveAfter discovering the association between the HLA‐B*15:02 allele and carbamazepine‐related severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs), particularly in Southeastern Asian populations, clinical strategies to prevent carbamazepine‐related SCARs have changed. We aimed to investigate 10‐year trends in carbamazepine use and carbamazepine‐related SCARs and to examine the patterns and determinants of HLA‐B*15:02 screening in Taiwan.MethodsA nationwide study was performed using Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database. In the first part of the study, new users of carbamazepine were included, and those who experienced SCAR‐related admissions were further identified. In the second part of the study, recipients of HLA‐B*15:02 screening (reimbursed by Taiwan’s National Health Insurance since June 2010) were included and multivariate logistic regression was used to explore factors associated with the use of screening.ResultsThe numbers of new users of carbamazepine and SCAR cases decreased remarkably during the 10‐year period (−82.6% and −87.1%, respectively), and the incidence rates of SCARs showed a downward trend after 2011. The screening rate of the HLA‐B*15:02 allele increased to 24.9% in 2014. Neurologists (odds ratio 12.33, 95% confidence interval 9.30‐16.35), psychiatrists (9.97, 7.31‐13.61), and neurosurgeons (3.23, 2.42‐4.32) were more likely to perform screening tests than other specialties were. Physicians practicing in medical centers (6.00, 5.51‐6.54) were more likely to perform screening tests than those practicing in other hospitals, whereas the screening rates in clinics remained at 0.0% throughout the study period.SignificanceIn recent years, the number of carbamazepine‐related SCAR cases has decreased substantially in Taiwan. However, only one‐fourth of new users of carbamazepine received HLA‐B*15:02 screening, and there were considerable disparities in the screening rates across different physician groups. Policymakers should consider solutions to barriers to implementing screening tests in clinical practice and should not neglect the value of other safety communications and regulations to complement the limitations of pharmacogenomic testing.
Spiritual values and motives of secular pilgrims
Authors: Hall John , Basarin V. John , Lockstone‐Binney Leonie , Yusuf Adnan , Winter Caroline , Valos Michael 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis study presents and tests an empirical model of the antecedents and outcomes associated with secular pilgrimage from a consumer perspective. Informed by the literature on spiritual journeys, religious and secular pilgrimage, consumer literature on personal values, emotions, customer satisfaction and recommendation behaviour, the study proposes that personal values of pilgrims positively affect their motives to partake in the spiritual journey of a secular pilgrimage. Pilgrimage motives positively affect pilgrim satisfaction directly, as well as indirectly through emotions associated with the spiritual pilgrimage experience. Pilgrim satisfaction is also positively affected by attributes of the pilgrimage site and results in an intention to recommend to family, friends and others. The model was tested on a paired sample of visitors attending the pilgrimage site of Gallipoli in Turkey for the annual commemoration of the Australia and New Zealand Army Corps (Anzac) Day. The study results show statistical support for all hypothesized relationships in the theoretical model. Findings of this study contribute an improved understanding of the role of consumer values, motivations and emotions to undertake spiritual journeys to pilgrimage sites and their satisfaction with the spiritual experience of a secular pilgrimage and the resultant recommending behaviour.
A Spanish perspective on the impact on religiosity and spirituality on consumer ethics
Authors: Vitell Scott , Ramos‐Hidalgo Encarnación , Rodríguez‐Rad Carlos 
Published: November 2018

AbstractStudies of consumer ethics have generally used the Muncy–Vitell consumer ethics scale, but much of the published research has encountered problems with this scale. The present study proposes a new perspective for assessing consumer ethics, which constructs a model to analyze the impact of religiosity and spirituality on consumer attitudes and whether it leads to either ethical or unethical behaviour. Our model indicates that consumers’ behaviour in situations that involve ethical issues partly depends on both their religiosity and spirituality. Our findings present interesting theoretical implications for the consumer ethics literature, as well as practical implications for managers, principally marketers. The identification of a number of consumer types may provide the basis for an effective strategy for dealing with ethical and unethical behaviours.
Global personal spirituality: Concept, measurement, and correlates across cultures
Authors: Mathur Anil , Barak Benny , Zhang Yong , Lee Keun S. , Yoo Boonghee 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe present study introduces a scale measuring a universal trait Global Personal Spirituality (GPS), which is independent of a person’s religion or religious belief. A series of confirmatory factor analyses with progressively more restrictive constraints were carried out to assess the GPS scale’s measurement invariance using subjects who were 30 to 69 years of age, and were from China (N = 453), Japan (N = 314), Korea (N = 350), and the United States (N = 436). The study also examines correlates of the GPS scale with selected related constructs to check for its validity. Results indicate that the GPS scale is both reliable and valid in these culturally and religiously diverse countries. Implications of the findings are discussed.
Awe, spirituality and conspicuous consumer behavior
Authors: Hu Jing , Yang Yan , Jing FengJie , Nguyen Bang 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAwe represents a self‐transcendent, sacred experience that is closely related to spirituality. In this study, we suggest that spirituality buffers the effect of awe on materialistic consumption. Across three studies (N = 896), we test the hypothesis that awe can prompt participants’ spirituality, which in turn decreases the inclination of conspicuous consumption. In a survey, dispositional awe is found to be negatively related to the inclination of conspicuous consumption (Study 1). In follow‐up experiments, the induction of awe (relative to other control states) decreases conspicuous consumption behavior (Studies 2 and 3). In addition, a mediation analysis demonstrates that the impacts of awe on conspicuous consumption behavior are explained partly by spirituality. These findings indicate that awe may impede an individual’s materialistic need by enhancing self‐transcendent value.
Impact of religious values and habit on an extended green purchase behaviour model
Authors: Ghazali Ezlika M. , Mutum Dilip S. , Ariswibowo Nanang 
Published: November 2018

AbstractGreen purchase behaviour is an increasingly important topic, gaining much attention. A review of current literature reveals that the relationship between green attitudes and green purchase behaviour is contentious because consumers’ attitudes do not necessarily translate into green purchase behaviour. This paper examines the relationships between religious values, green habit, and green purchase behaviours via a holistic approach based on the Theory of Reasoned Action and Homer and Kahle's (1988) cognitive hierarchy model. Data were collected from 504 Muslim consumers in two Southeast Asian countries, namely, Indonesia and Malaysia. Partial least squares (PLS), a variance‐based structural equation–modelling technique, was selected to test the research model and hypotheses. The term “religious values” is conceptualised in this paper as a multidimensional construct with reflective first‐order and formative second‐order items. Previous studies have ignored the quest orientation, which refers to constant questioning and doubting as a way of being religious. The results demonstrate that religious values have a positive impact on natural environmental orientation, environmental concerns, green purchase attitudes, and green purchase intentions. Green habit and green purchase intentions were also found to positively affect green purchase behaviours. This study also highlights the important role of habit, namely, a stronger impact on green behaviour than intentions. Green habit was also found to moderate the relationship between green attitudes and green intentions. The study has practical implications for green marketers, green policy makers, and green consumers, as well as directions for future research.