bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in Aceria tosichella population responses to wheat resistance genes and wheat virus transmission
Authors: Khalaf Luaay , Chuang Wen-Po , Aguirre-Rojas L. M. , Klein Peter , Michael Smith C. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSevere winter wheat yield losses due to infestations of wheat curl mite,Aceria tosichellaKeifer, and mite-transmitted viruses occur in wheat production areas of the United States and Canada. Mite infestation alone causes stunted, chlorotic plants in susceptible wheat varieties, and mites transmitWheat Streak Mosaic(WSMV),High Plains Wheat Mosaic(HPWMoV), andTriticum Mosaic Virus(TriMV). Wheat curl mites were collected from 25 sites in Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, Texas, North Dakota, and South Dakota in 2014 and 2015. At each site, mite virulence was determined to wheat plants harboring theCmc2-,Cmc3-, orCmc4mite resistance gene; orCmc4plus theWsm2WSMV resistance gene. Mites collected from 92%, 36%, and 24% of sites were virulent to susceptible Jagger wheat plants (noCmc),Cmc2, andCmc3,respectively. The mega-population consisting of all 25 mite sub-populations was avirulent to 80% of plants containingCmc4 + Wsm2orCmc4. WSMV, HPWMoV, or TriMV was present in mites at 76%, 16%, and 8% of the 25 sites, respectively. Our results will enable breeders to increase the efficiency of wheat production by releasing wheat varieties containing wheat curl mite resistance genes that reduce wheat yield losses.
Teaching strategies to foster techno-mathematical literacies in an innovative mathematics course for future engineers
Authors: van der Wal Nathalie J. , Bakker Arthur , Drijvers Paul 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The workplace practices of engineers have changed due to the ubiquity of digital technology. So-called techno-mathematical literacies (TmL), seen as a domain specification of 21st-century skills, are essential for future engineers. How these TmL can be fostered in their education, however, is still unclear. To address this issue, we conducted a design study in which we developed a course in applied mathematics for higher technical professional education with TmL as central learning goals. This paper describes the design and implementation of the course in a first design cycle with 59 chemistry students. We focus on the teaching strategies that the lecturer used to stimulate the development of students’ TmL. In classroom discussions, in the so-called feedback hours on which students’ collaborative work on TmL was centered, context-based cases were discussed. Results include didactical, process, and inquiry-based learning strategies used by the lecturer.
Liquid biopsy in oncology: a consensus statement of the Spanish Society of Pathology and the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology
Authors: Remon J. , García-Campelo R. , de Álava E. , Vera R. , Rodríguez-Peralto J. L. , Rodríguez-Lescure Á. , Bellosillo B. , Garrido P. , Rojo F. , Álvarez-Alegret R. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe proportion of cancer patients with tumours that harbour a potentially targetable genomic alteration is growing considerably. The diagnosis of these genomic alterations can lead to tailored treatment at the onset of disease or on progression and to obtaining additional predictive information on immunotherapy efficacy. However, in up to 25% of cases, the initial tissue biopsy is inadequate for precision oncology and, in many cases, tumour genomic profiling at progression is not possible due to technical limitations of obtaining new tumour tissue specimens. Efficient diagnostic alternatives are therefore required for molecular stratification, which includes liquid biopsy. This technique enables the evaluation of the tumour genomic profile dynamically and captures intra-patient genomic heterogeneity as well. To date, there are several diagnostic techniques available for use in liquid biopsy, each one of them with different precision and performance levels. The objective of this consensus statement of the Spanish Society of Pathology and the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology is to evaluate the viability and effectiveness of the different methodological approaches in liquid biopsy in cancer patients and the potential application of this method to current clinical practice. The experts contributing to this consensus statement agree that, according to current evidence, liquid biopsy is an acceptable alternative to tumour tissue biopsy for the study of biomarkers in various clinical settings. It is therefore important to standardise pre-analytical and analytical procedures, to ensure reproducibility and generate structured and accessible clinical reports. It is essential to appoint multidisciplinary tumour molecular boards to oversee these processes and to enable the most suitable therapeutic decisions for each patient according to the genomic profile.
An economic analysis of the proposed Dhaka–Chittagong Expressway in Bangladesh with the viewpoint of GHG emission reduction
Authors: Uddin Md. Zia , Mizunoya Takeshi 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Frequent road intersections in Dhaka–Chittagong National Highway (NH1), the major transport corridor of Bangladesh, significantly reduce the level of service of the corridor and eventually leads to inefficient fuel economy and excessive greenhouse gas (GHG) emission. In spite of upgrading NH1 into a four-lane highway, major road intersections reduce vehicle speed and increase congestion time and eventually burn fuel. Fuel expenses during this lost time cover no distance but increase vehicular emission within the vicinity of road and contribute to roadside temperature. Besides, the transport sector’s energy demand in Bangladesh is supported mostly by imported fuel that drains out foreign currency and inhibits GDP growth. Against the backdrop, the Government of Bangladesh is proposing to construct a four-lane expressway. The paper attempts to estimate the fuel loss savings, GHG emission reduction and economic benefit of constructing Dhaka–Chittagong Expressway. As the construction of the expressway paved a way for an increment of traffic growth by 10%, the study infers that the average lost time because of 36 intersections for a projected annual average daily traffic of 27,334 vehicles/day (in 2022). In addition to that, the fuel loss savings for various vehicle classes affect economic growth and the ensuing idling emission of EFI and MFI engines contributes to transport sector pollution. The study intends to expedite the fact that Dhaka–Chittagong Expressway would not only replace road interventions that reduce travel time cost, expenditures regarding vehicle operating and accident but also contributes cardinally to economic emancipation of the country. The estimated Benefit–Cost Ratio (BCR) was 1.23, net present value was 762.34 Million USD) and Economic Internal Rate of return was 18.27% of the proposed project.
Perspective: Clinical relevance of the dichotomous classification of Alzheimer's disease biomarkers: Should there be a “gray zone”?
Authors: McRae‐McKee Kevin , Udeh‐Momoh Chinedu T. , Price Geraint , Bajaj Sumali , de Jager Celeste A. , Scott David , Hadjichrysanthou Christoforos , McNaughton Emily , Bracoud Luc , Ahmadi‐Abhari Sara , de Wolf Frank , Anderson Roy M. , Middleton Lefkos T. ,   Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe 2018 National Institute on Aging and the Alzheimer's Association (NIA‐AA) research framework recently redefined Alzheimer's disease (AD) as a biological construct, based on in vivo biomarkers reflecting key neuropathologic features. Combinations of normal/abnormal levels of three biomarker categories, based on single thresholds, form the AD signature profile that defines the biological disease state as a continuum, independent of clinical symptomatology. While single thresholds may be useful in defining the biological signature profile, we provide evidence that their use in studies with cognitive outcomes merits further consideration. Using data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative with a focus on cortical amyloid binding, we discuss the limitations of applying the biological definition of disease status as a tool to define the increased likelihood of the onset of the Alzheimer's clinical syndrome and the effects that this may have on trial study design. We also suggest potential research objectives going forward and what the related data requirements would be.
‘A Perfect Contradiction is Mysterious for the Clever and for Fools Alike’: Did Hegel Contradict Aristotle?
Authors: Inwood Michael 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAristotle argued that there are no true statements of the form <Fx and not-Fx>. In his lectures on history of philosophy Hegel does not challenge this view and in his Science of Logic expresses admiration for Aristotle's rebuttal of Zeno of Elea's attempt to find such contradictions in his paradoxes of motion. Yet more than once in his logics Hegel insists that everything is contradictory. I approach this problem from two directions. First, Widerspruch often means, and is understood by Hegel to mean, ‘opposition’ rather than ‘contradiction’ in the strict logical sense. Thus Catullus's simultaneous love and hatred of Clodia is a contradiction, but not an Aristotelian, or formal logical, contradiction. I defuse Hegel's occasional suggestions of Aristotelian contradictions in motion and time. Second, I exploit Hegel's tacit rejection of Aristotle's official bivalence account of truth and falsity, in favour of the view that truth is approached by successive improvements in our inevitably imperfect attempts to attain it. In this respect Hegel's procedure is similar to that of Aristotle himself, who characteristically constructs his own view of metaphysics, physics, ethics, etc., from the imperfect, but not flatly false, opinions of his predecessors. ‘The truth is the whole’, that is, the whole sequence of our attempts to reach it.
A new echimyid genus (Rodentia, Caviomorpha) in Central Argentina: uncovered diversity of a Brazilian group of mammals in the Pleistocene
Authors: Candela Adriana M. , Cenizo Marcos , Tassara Daniel , Rasia Luciano L. , Robinet Céline , Muñoz Nahuel A. , Valenzuela Carola Cañón , Pardiñas Ulyses F. J. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe describe a new extinct spiny rat,Proclinodontomys dondasin. gen. n. sp. (Rodentia, Caviomorpha, Echimyidae), represented by a noteworthy preserved skull and mandible from the early-middle Pleistocene outcrops at the coastal cliffs of SE Buenos Aires Province (Central Argentina). Phylogenetic analyses allow us to propose that the new species described here and the already knownEurzygomatomys mordax(Winge) represent a new genus closely related to the livingEuryzygomatomys spinosusandClyomys laticeps. The new genus differs fromEuryzygomatomysandClyomysby having much more procumbent upper incisors, a more developed fossa for the M. temporalis, more flared and laterally expanded zygomatic arches, frontal less markedly expanded posteriorly, jugals much deeper anteriorly than posteriorly, with the dorsal border descending more abruptly posteriorly, smaller orbital cavity, and external auditory meatus relatively smaller and slanted upward and backward. Several features of the new species reflect a higher degree of adaptation to semifossorial habits than those ofE.spinosus. The origin of the semifossorial ecomorphotype within echimyids may have been triggered by the expansion of relatively open and arid environments that arose near the Miocene-Pliocene boundary. The record of this new echimyid in Central Argentina indicates that during the early-middle Pleistocene, the southern limit of the geographic range of extinct representatives of the Brazilian lineage of semifossorial echimyids extended farther south than that of their living members.UUID:http://zoobank.org/c30ec1fe-4352-4867-a02f-e0d45c884bfe
Effect of high-fat diet on peripheral blood mononuclear cells and adipose tissue in early stages of diet-induced weight gain
Authors: Lowry Jake E. , Tumurbaatar Batbayar , D’Agostino Claudia , Main Erika , Wright Traver J. , Dillon Edgar L. , Saito Tais B. , Porter Craig , Andersen Clark R. , Brining Douglas L. , Endsley Janice J. , Sheffield-Moore Melinda , Volpi Elena , Fang Rong , Abate Nicola , Tuvdendorj Demidmaa R. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSubcutaneous adipose tissue (scAT) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) play a significant role in obesity-associated systemic low-grade inflammation. High-fat diet (HFD) is known to induce inflammatory changes in both scAT and PBMC. However, the time course of the effect of HFD on these systems is still unknown. The aim of the present study was to determine the time course of the effect of HFD on PBMC and scAT. New Zealand white rabbits were fed HFD for 5 or 10 weeks (i.e. HFD-5 and HFD-10) or regular chow (i.e. control (CNT)-5 and CNT-10). Thereafter, metabolic and inflammatory parameters of PBMC and scAT were quantified. HFD induced hyperfattyacidaemia in HFD-5 and HFD-10 groups, with the development of insulin resistance in HFD-10, while no changes were observed in scAT lipid metabolism and inflammatory status. HFD activated the inflammatory pathways in PBMC of HFD-5 group and induced modified autophagy in that of HFD-10. The rate of fat oxidation in PBMC was directly associated with the expression of inflammatory markers and tended to inversely associate with autophagosome formation markers in PBMC. HFD affected systemic substrate metabolism, and the metabolic, inflammatory and autophagy pathways in PBMC in the absence of metabolic and inflammatory changes in scAT. Dietary approaches or interventions to avert HFD-induced changes in PBMC could be essential to prevent metabolic and inflammatory complications of obesity and promote healthier living.
In vivoantimalarial activity and pharmacokinetics of artelinic acid-choline derivative liposomes in rodents
Authors: Duan Shuai , Wang Ruili , Wang Rongrong , Tang Jiaqi , Xiao Xiaoyang , Li Ning , Guo Wenju , Yang Qingshan , Ren Guolian , Zhang Shuqiu 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIt is urgent to develop new antimalarial drugs with good therapeutic effects to address the emergence of drug resistance. Here, the artelinic acid-choline derivative (AD) was synthesized by dehydration reaction and esterification reaction, aimed to avoid the emergence of drug resistance by synergistic effect of artemisinins and choline derivative, which could compete with choline for rate-limiting enzymes in the phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthetic pathway. AD was formulated into liposomes (ADLs) by the thin-film hydration method. Efficacy of ADLs was evaluated by Peters 4-day suppression test. The suppression percentage againstPlasmodium yoeliiBY265 (PyBY265) in ADLs group was higher than those of positive control groups (dihydroartemisinin liposomes,P< 0.05) and other control groups (P⩽ 0.05) at the doses of 4.4, 8.8, 17.6µmol (kg·d)−1, respectively. The negative conversion fraction, recrudescence fraction and survival fraction of ADLs group were superior to other control groups. Pharmacokinetics in rats after intravenous injection suggested that ADLs exhibited higher exposure levels (indexed by area under concentration-time curve) than that of AD solution, artelinic acid liposomes or artelinic acid solution (P< 0.01). Taken together, ADLs exhibited promising antimalarial efficacy and pharmacokinetic characteristics.
A review on toxoplasmosis in humans and animals from Egypt
Authors: Abbas I. E. , Villena I. , Dubey J. P. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe present paper summarizes prevalence, epidemiology and clinical disease of naturalToxoplasma gondiiinfections in humans and animals from Egypt. The current situation of toxoplasmosis in Egypt is confusing. There is no central laboratory or group of researchers actively investigating toxoplasmosis in humans or animals, and no reports on the national level are available. Based on various serological tests and convenience samples,T. gondiiinfections appear highly prevalent in humans and animals from Egypt. Living circumstances in Egypt favour the transmission ofT. gondii. Up to 95% of domestic cats, the key host ofT. gondii, are infected withT. gondii; they are abundant in rural and suburban areas, spreadingT. gondiioocysts. Many women have been tested in maternity clinics, most with no definitive diagnosis.Toxoplasma gondiiDNA and IgM antibodies have been found in blood samples of blood donors. Clinical toxoplasmosis in humans from Egypt needs further investigations using definitive procedures. Reports on congenital toxoplasmosis are conflicting and some reports are alarming. Although there are many serological surveys forT. gondiiin animals, data on clinical infections are lacking. Here, we critically review the status of toxoplasmosis in Egypt, which should be useful to biologist, public health workers, veterinarians and physicians.
Five Tips for a Successful API
Authors: Dale Robert 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIt’s now remarkably easy to release to the world a cloud-based application programming interface (API) that provides some software function as a service. As a consequence, the cloud API space has become very densely populated, so that even if a particular API offers a service whose potential value is considerable, there are many other factors that play a role in determining whether or not that API will be commercially successful. If you’re thinking about entering the API marketplace with your latest and greatest idea, this post offers some entirely subjective advice on how you might increase the chances of your offering not being lost in all the noise.
Micro-analytical Evidence of Copper-Based Pigment and Fungal Contamination of Medieval Mural Paintings in Beram, Croatia
Authors: Zubin Ferri Tea , Pustijanac Emina , Kovačić Ines , Bilić Josipa 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to map the painting materials, degradation processes, and biological features present on the mural painting in the church of St. Mary in Beram (Croatia) to study their possible interaction and produce information helping the preservation of this valuable painting. The research was conducted on micro samples of painting materials taken from different sites along the painting and the characterization of the present fungal species was carried out. The painting samples, together with observable patinas and degradation products, were studied by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction. Fungal diversity was studied using cultivation methods followed by OM and SEM analyses in addition to molecular analysis. The results contribute to the characterization of the original painting materials, successively added materials and occurred interventions, to the understanding of degradation progressions and fungal biotransformation processes. A mineral, cumengite, a copper-based pigment extremely rarely used in art, was found. Its occurrence together with barium sulfate, gypsum, and calcium oxalate possibly produced by microbiological activity was studied and information was added regarding the composition of painting materials in St. Mary church mural cycle.
Expression changes in theTaNAC2andTaNAC69-1transcription factors in drought stress tolerant and susceptible accessions ofTriticum boeoticum
Authors: Nazari Maryam , Goharrizi Kiarash Jamshidi , Moosavi Sayyed Saeed , Maleki Mahmood 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTriticum boeoticumis a valuable gene source for tolerance to drought stress. In order to study the effect of drought stress on this plant, and to understand its adaptive mechanisms at the molecular level, 10 accessions ofT. boeoticumwere evaluated under non- and drought stress conditions. Evaluation of 31 different phenological, morpho-physiological and root-related traits showed that there were significant differences between accessions. Using the bi-plot resulting from the PCA, the studied traits and accessions were separated in different groups. The most tolerant (B5) and susceptible (B6) accessions to drought stress were identified, so these accessions were used for assessment of changes in theTaNAC2andTaNAC69-1transcription factors (TFs) expression. The results showed that in the most tolerant and susceptible accessions,TaNAC2andTaNAC69-1expression levels increased between non-stress and stress conditions significantly, but the increased level of these two genes expression in the most tolerant accession was much higher than the most susceptible accession. According to the obtained results,T. boeoticumcan be a suitable and promising gene source for improving modern wheat. In addition, the results of TFs expression could improve our understanding about the complex mechanisms associated with drought tolerance in wheat, especially wild wheat.
Sociodemographic Outcomes From an Urban Pediatric Obesity Program
Authors: Andorko Nicole D. , Getzoff Elizabeth A. , Gelfand Kenneth , Demeule Michelle , Scheimann Ann O. 
Published: September 2019

Objective: Pediatric weight management programs are plagued by insufficient changes in standardized body mass index (zBMI), disproportionately impacting racial minorities. Treatment outcomes of a pediatric weight management program with a large and diverse baseline sample were evaluated. Demographic and socioeconomic predictors of change in zBMI after 1 year were examined separately to identify characteristics contributing to treatment outcomes. It was hypothesized that socioeconomic disparities would account for lower zBMI outcomes above and beyond demographic factors. Method: Data were collected from 1,784 youth at baseline ( n = 271 at 12 months; age M = 11.89 years, SD = 3.15). Information on zBMI, demographics (sex, race, age, mother’s body mass index [BMI]) and socioeconomic status (SES; health insurance, number parents in home) were collected at baseline and 12 months post intervention. Results: After 1 year, average change in zBMI was −0.12 ( SD = 0.21). Linear hierarchical regression analysis assessed if SES factors predicted change in zBMI after 12 months above and beyond demographic factors. Demographics were entered in Block 1, and SES factors in Block 2. The final model significantly accounted for 14.2% of variance in change in zBMI ( p < .000). Examining blocks separately indicated SES variables did not significantly add to the model beyond demographic variables, contributing to less than 1.0% of the variance. Unique predictors included age, and mother’s BMI. Conclusions: Participation in the program was associated with decreases in zBMI for youth who completed the year of treatment and follow-ups. Factors related to age and family had the largest association with weight loss. SES factors were not related to change in zBMI beyond demographic factors. Implications for Impact Statement Examination of the differential impact of demographic and socioeconomic (SES) factors on 12-month weight loss outcomes of a diverse, and urban pediatric weight management program indicated SES was not associated with weight loss above and beyond demographic variables. Youth under the age of 8 had the best weight loss outcomes, whereas those with mothers who reported high BMI at baseline saw the least improvement. Findings highlighted the importance of creating flexible programs that tailor pediatric weight loss interventions to be age-appropriate and inclusive to all members of the family.