bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensitive amperometric detection for capillary electrophoresis of phenol carbamates with in‐line thermal hydrolysis strategy
Authors: Zhang Xia , Lin Jian , Chen Yiqi , Lin Chenchen , Lin Xucong , Liu Shaofeng , Xie Zenghong 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA strategy on amperometric detection for CZE of phenol carbamates as model analytes with a facile in‐line thermal hydrolysis was presented, in which a thermal hydrolysis, subsequent CZE separation and final column‐end amperometric detection were accomplished in an intact capillary. Key parameters of hydrolysis dynamics of carbamates and electrochemical detection of the hydrolysates were studied, as well as electrophoretic conditions. Under the optimal conditions, the capillary was utilized as chambers for in situ hydrolysis, CZE separation, and electrochemical detection. The successive separation of hydrolysates of five carbamates (propoxur, carbofuran, 3‐OH‐carbofuran, carbaryl and bendiocarb) were achieved within 17 min. Applied to vegetable samples, the recoveries of carbamates fortified at 0.02 and 0.05 mg/kg were ranging in 88–107.2 and 86.3–107.3%, respectively. The success in the implementation of such a scheme resulted in a simple instrument as compared with those current analytical methods with post‐column derivization or pre‐column hydrolysis, or online enrichment in chip, respectively. This protocol might possess a potential utility for the sensitive amperometric detection of phenol carbamates.
Assessment of different correlations to estimate distinct technology PV module operating temperature for Indian site
Authors: Mohammed Humaid , Gupta Rajesh , Sastry Oruganti , Magare Dhiraj 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIndia is implementing one of the world's largest solar PV program. For better performance assessment of large PV installations, module temperature plays an important role. Estimation of power generation in hot climatic countries like India can be improved by the use of appropriate module temperature correlation. The accuracy of module temperature correlations has been observed to be related with climatic conditions. In this work, different explicit and implicit correlations have been evaluated in different temperature ranges based on frequency of occurrence of three very different technology PV modules: amorphous silicon, hetero‐junction intrinsic thin layer, and multicrystalline silicon at Indian site. Results show that Faiman correlation is most efficacious for all technology PV modules under highest frequency of occurrence temperature range. It has been observed that accuracy of correlations decreases from low module temperature range toward high module temperature range for all technology PV modules, except in case of Faiman correlation. In case of multicrystalline silicon, which is most widely used technology, the variation in accuracy of correlations was highest. This frequency of occurrence‐based comparison of correlation's accuracy is efficient and beneficial for better performance assessment of PV systems, especially in Indian context due to its large solar mission.
Egomotion‐related visual areas respond to active leg movements
Authors: Serra Chiara , Galletti Claudio , Di Marco Sara , Fattori Patrizia , Galati Gaspare , Sulpizio Valentina , Pitzalis Sabrina 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMonkey neurophysiology and human neuroimaging studies have demonstrated that passive viewing of optic flow stimuli activates a cortical network of temporal, parietal, insular, and cingulate visual motion regions. Here, we tested whether the human visual motion areas involved in processing optic flow signals simulating self‐motion are also activated by active lower limb movements, and hence are likely involved in guiding human locomotion. To this aim, we used a combined approach of task‐evoked activity and resting‐state functional connectivity by fMRI. We localized a set of six egomotion‐responsive visual areas (V6+, V3A, intraparietal motion/ventral intraparietal [IPSmot/VIP], cingulate sulcus visual area [CSv], posterior cingulate sulcus area [pCi], posterior insular cortex [PIC]) by using optic flow. We tested their response to a motor task implying long‐range active leg movements. Results revealed that, among these visually defined areas, CSv, pCi, and PIC responded to leg movements (visuomotor areas), while V6+, V3A, and IPSmot/VIP did not (visual areas). Functional connectivity analysis showed that visuomotor areas are connected to the cingulate motor areas, the supplementary motor area, and notably to the medial portion of the somatosensory cortex, which represents legs and feet. We suggest that CSv, pCi, and PIC perform the visual analysis of egomotion‐like signals to provide sensory information to the motor system with the aim of guiding locomotion.
Administrative challenges of clinical governance in military and university hospitals of Kerman/Iran
Authors: Mirzaei Saeid , Noorihekmat Somayeh , Oroomiei Nadia , Vali Leila 
Published: March 2019

SummaryBackgroundOver the recent years, clinical governance model has been applied to improve the quality of university and private hospitals in Iran. In addition to university hospitals, military hospitals have an effective role in the preservation and promotion of public health. The challenges of clinical governance implementation have not been investigated in such settings. Hence, the present study objective is to identify the administrative challenges of clinical governance in military and university hospitals of Kerman/IranMethodsThis qualitative study was carried out through phenomenology in 2017. A sample of managers and experts in the implementation and execution of clinical governance was purposefully selected from three university hospitals and three military hospitals in Kerman, Iran. A total of 39 managers and experts were interviewed, and data were gathered via semistructured interviews with open questions. For data analysis, conventional content analysis method was employed.ResultsIn this study, five main codes and 17 subcodes were obtained. Main codes were structural challenges, educational challenges, limitations, evaluation, and human resource challenges.ConclusionsClinical governance is being implemented hastily with no appropriate structural, financial, and training facilities, ensuing a waste of resources, more difficult work for staff and a negative view of personnel.
Examining program quality in early childhood home visiting: From infrastructure to relationships
Authors: Korfmacher Jon , Frese Mary , Gowani Saima 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTAlthough there are many examples of evidence‐based early childhood home‐visiting programming, the field itself struggles with modest outcomes and variable levels of program effectiveness. This article documents the experience of creating a statewide monitoring system to assess home‐visiting program quality and compliance to identified standards, integrating multiple sources of information across different domains of functioning. Monitoring results from 57 programs are summarized, with variable but promising levels of quality. Programs generally report satisfaction and benefit from the process. In addition, the relationship between direct observations of home visits and home‐visitor report of their approach to working with families is analyzed. Results suggest significant, albeit small, associations. Although there are trade‐offs between comprehensiveness of information gathering and practical application, the use of monitoring findings to support home‐visiting programs holds potential for quality improvement.
Elucidating the role of size of hydroxyl apatite particles toward the development of competent antiosteoporotic bioceramic materials: In vitro and in vivo studies
Authors: Kaur Kulwinder , Singh K. J. , Anand Vikas , Bhatia Gaurav , Singh Amrit Pal , Kaur Manpreet 
Published: March 2019

AbstractOsteoporosis caused by overdose of steroids is one of the major concerns for the orthopedic surgeons. Current therapeutic strategies offer limited success due to their inability to regenerate damaged bone at osteoporosis site. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a material having bone regeneration ability and also, ability to cure osteoporosis simultaneously. In this work, nanosized and microsized hydroxyl apatite (HAp) particles doped with europium (Eu) were prepared for diagnostic and therapeutic applications in biomedical engineering. Particles were characterized by X‐ray diffraction to confirm the formation of HAp phase and transmission electron microscopy technique has been used to explore the size of microparticle and nanoparticle. In vitro release of antibiotic drug and degradation behavior in two different pHs of phosphate buffered saline was checked. Controlled drug release behavior and conversion of degraded ions into HAp is estimated by Higuchi's and 3D diffusion model, respectively. Osteoporosis was induced in 36 female Wistar rats by administering dexamethasone once a week for four consecutive weeks. Rats were treated with different doses of nano‐HAp (25, 50, and 100 μg/kg intravenous single dose) and single dose of microsized HAp (100 μg/kg). After treatment, authors have evaluated sensitive biochemical markers of bone in serum. Continuous improvement in ultimate stiffness and Young's modulus of femur shaft of rats was observed with the increase in the dose of nano‐HAp from 25 to 100 μg/kg. Results strongly suggest that europium‐doped nano‐HAp is more effective for treating severe osteoporosis in humans. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 1723–1735, 2019.
Toll‐like receptors, long non‐coding RNA NEAT1, and RIG‐I expression are associated with HBeAg‐positive chronic hepatitis B patients in the active phase
Authors: Zeng Yongbin , Wu Wennan , Fu Ya , Chen Shanjian , Chen Tianbin , Yang Bin , Ou Qishui 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundInnate immunity plays a crucial role in host‐virus interactions and greatly influences viral replication including HBV infection. However, few studies have investigated the possible antiviral immune roles played by TLRs, RIG‐I, and long no‐coding RNA NEAT1 in chronic HBV infection (CHB) patients in clinical samples and their relationships among immune responses. In this study, we sought to investigate the mRNA expression levels of TLR1‐10, RIG‐I, and NEAT1 expression in HBeAg‐positive CHB treatment‐naïve patients with the active phase.MethodsThe expression levels of TLR1‐10, RIG‐I, and NEAT1 of CHB patients with the active phase and healthy controls were measured by qPCR. Serum HBV DNA and routine liver biochemistry including ALT, etc were also measured to evaluate the impaired physiological function of the liver affected by CHB.ResultsThe expression levels of TLR1 and TLR6 in CHB with active phase were remarkably lower than that in healthy controls. The levels of TLR3 in CHB patients with active phase were remarkably higher than that in healthy controls. The total NEAT1 expression was abnormally decreased in CHB patients as compared with healthy controls. The levels of RIG‐I were significantly decreased in CHB patients in the active phase when compared to healthy controls. The expression of TLR6 and RIG‐I was closely correlated with NEAT1 expression. TLR6 level was positively correlated with RIG‐I level.ConclusionChronic HBV infection can alter the innate immune response by downregulating functional expression of TLR1, TLR6, NEAT1.
Impact of atopy on the severity and extrapulmonary manifestations of childhood Mycoplasmapneumoniae pneumonia
Authors: Wang Zhihua , Sun Jian , Liu Yan , Wang Yushui 
Published: March 2019

ObjectivesThe impact of atopy on disease severity and extrapulmonary manifestations in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) pneumonia is unknown.MethodsPatients diagnosed with MP pneumonia between January 2016, and December 2017, were enrolled in this study. A total of 150 MP pneumonia patients were enrolled at diagnosis and divided into the atopic group (n = 48) and the nonatopic group (n = 102). Furthermore, these patients were also assessed after being divided into the pulmonary group (n = 120) and the extrapulmonary group (n = 30). Clinical characteristics, respiratory disease severity, any allergy history, and specific allergen sensitizations were collected from all patients. The serum interleukin‐17 (IL‐17) and total immunoglobulin E (lgE) levels were also measured.ResultsMore children in the atopic group than those in the nonatopic group presented with severe MP pneumonia, tachypnea, oxygen therapy, steroid treatment, atopic conditions including asthma attack, a previous history of asthma, decreased IL‐17 levels, and increased IgE levels (all P < 0.05). When compared with those in the pulmonary group, the patients in the extrapulmonary group showed higher percentages of atopy, higher total lgE levels, and lower IL‐17 levels (all P < 0.05).ConclusionsAtopy may be a risk factor for disease severity and extrapulmonary manifestations in children with MP pneumonia.
Association between rs2188380 and the risk of breast cancer in southwest Chinese population
Authors: Huang Lin , Liao Jinling , Chen Yang , Mo Zengnan 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundPrevious studies have revealed that the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2188380 was identified as a novel locus of gout. Interestingly, gout resulting from high serum uric acid (SUA) was also identified to be associated with the risk of breast cancer (BC). We hypothesized that maybe there was a relationship between rs2188380 and the risk of BC. Therefore, our study was conducted to investigate whether this novel gout‐related SNP (rs2188380) was associated with BC risk as well as the clinical and pathological characteristics in the southwest Chinese population.Materials and methodsWe performed a case‐control study including 104 breast cancer patients and 112 healthy controls to investigate whether rs2188380 is associated with BC risk in the southwest Chinese population. The genotyping was performed by the SNP scan method. General characteristics and clinicopathological characteristics of tumors were also included in the analysis. The statistical evaluations were performed using the Student t test, the chi‐square test or Fisher's exact test, and unconditional logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe C/C genotype of rs2188380 might be related to BC risk to some extent compared with G/G genotype (OR = 9.241, 95% CI = 1.122‐76.101, P = 0.039). Furthermore, after adjusting the age, the association still existed (OR = 8.788, 95% CI = 1.063‐72.636, P = 0.044). However, no significant association was observed between rs2188380 and the clinicopathological characteristics of BC.ConclusionsOur study primarily indicated that rs2188380 might have a potential association with BC risk to some extent. With a limited sample size and statistical power, further studies based on larger populations are needed to confirm the association.
Morphological and elemental mapping of gallstones using synchrotron microtomography and synchrotron X‐ray fluorescence spectroscopy
Authors: Bakthavatchalam Mohana , Venkataraman Jayanthi , Ramana Ramya J , Jain Mayank , Singh Balwant , Thanigai Arul K , Velyoudam Vaithiswaran , Manickam Neethirajan Saravanan , Tiwari Manoj K , Agarwal Ashish K , Kalkura Narayana S 
Published: March 2019

Background and AimRegional differences in gallstone (GS) composition are well documented in the Indian subcontinent. The reasons for the same are unknown. Etiopathogenesis of GS remains elusive despite advances in instrumentation. This was an in‐depth analysis of the chemical, structural, and elemental composition of GS with special reference to synchroton studies.MethodsWe used high‐end sensitive analytical complementary microscopic and spectroscopic methods techniques, such as X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, synchrotron X‐ray fluorescence spectroscopy (SR‐XRF), and 2D and 3D synchrotron microtomography (SR‐μCT), to study the ultra structure and trace element composition of three major types of GS (cholesterol, mixed, and pigment). SR‐XRF quantified the trace elements in GS.ResultsThe cholesterol GS (monohydrate and anhydrate) were crystalline, with high calcium content. The pigment GS were amorphous, featureless, black, and fragile, with high calcium bilirubinate and carbonate salts. They had the highest concentration of iron (average 31.50 ppm) and copper (average 92.73 ppm), with bacterial inclusion. The mixed stones had features of both cholesterol and pigment GS with intermediate levels of copper (average 20.8 ppm) and iron (average 17.78 ppm).ConclusionSR‐μCT has, for the first time, provided cross‐sectional computed imaging delineating the framework of GS and mineral distribution. It provided excellent mapping of cholesterol GS. SR‐XRF confirmed that pigment GS had high concentrations of copper and iron with bacterial inclusions, the latter possibly serving as a nidus to the formation of these stones.
Toward a framework for best practices and research guidelines for perinatal depression research
Authors: Kimmel Mary C. , Bauer Anna , Meltzer‐Brody Samantha 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis review article highlights the current state of perinatal depression (PND) research including established standards of care and innovative research in progress. PND can have a significant adverse impact on mother, child, and family; however, to date, wide‐scale identification, prevention, and treatment have been limited. PND is heterogenous in presentation with likely multifactorial etiologies for each woman. Challenges in PND research are discussed including a need for universal tools, standardized measures, benchmarks, and best practices. Current examples are reviewed that highlight approaches to novel treatment paradigms and interventions. This includes reviewing epidemiologic studies in PND research, examining the biological underpinnings of PND, and discussing examples from this field and other fields currently developing translational research that spans from bench to bedside. Current and future challenges and opportunities in developing best practices for the treatment of PND are outlined. We also discuss the use of the NIMH Research Domain Criteria approach for PND research and provide recommendations for future directions in PND research collaboration. In conclusion, greater precision in perinatal psychiatry can be possible in the future with the development of guidelines and best practices that build on current work and apply innovative and collaborative approaches of scientists, providers, patients, community members, and government officials.
Reconditioning and weather conditions affect black spot damage during storage of potato (Solanum tuberosumL.) tubers
Authors: Grudzińska Magdalena , Mańkowski Dariusz 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn potatoes (Solanum tuberosumL.), mechanical damage can cause the formation of black spots in the tuber flesh as the result of oxidation of phenolic compounds. This damage can result in substantial economic losses and degradation of quality. External factors contributing to the formation and the prevention of black spot damage (BSD) are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of weather conditions, using a hydrothermal coefficient, and of two potato tuber reconditioning methods on the formation of BSD. Five potato varieties were divided into high, moderate and low BSD susceptibility groups. The research was carried out over two growing seasons that differed greatly in precipitation and temperature. The black spot index was determined immediately after harvest and after 3 and 7 months of storage. Two reconditioning methods, applied for 7 days at 8 °C and for 7 days at 15 °C, were used for each variety.RESULTSThe incidence of BSD in susceptible varieties did not depend significantly on weather conditions, although statistically significant variation was observed. We found a correlation between the hydrothermal coefficient (dry conditions) and BSD in the Etiuda variety. There was no significant effect of storage time and temperature on BSD incidence in susceptible or moderately susceptible varieties. The reconditioning methods significantly reduced the formation of BSD in tubers after storage in all three groups. Regardless of the level of susceptibility of the variety, storage time and storage temperature, the most efficient treatment to limit BSD was reconditioning for 7 days at 15 °C.CONCLUSIONIdentification of the significant effects of weather, and strong reduction of BSD in tubers that had been reconditioned, allows examination of the underlying mechanisms. The described reconditioning method can lead to satisfactory reduction of BSD in potato tubers. Data from this research will be of interest to potato breeders, particularly if valuable alleles that affect this phenomeon can be isolated. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Semi‐automated analysis of 4D flow MRI to assess the hemodynamic impact of intracranial atherosclerotic disease
Authors: Vali Alireza , Aristova Maria , Vakil Parmede , Abdalla Ramez , Prabhakaran Shyam , Markl Michael , Ansari Sameer A. , Schnell Susanne 
Published: March 2019

PurposeThis study evaluated the feasibility of using 4D flow MRI and a semi‐automated analysis tool to assess the hemodynamic impact of intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD). The ICAD impact was investigated by evaluating pressure drop (PD) at the atherosclerotic stenosis and changes in cerebral blood flow distribution in patients compared to healthy controls.MethodsDual‐venc 4D flow MRI was acquired in 25 healthy volunteers and 16 ICAD patients (ICA, N = 3; MCA, N = 13) with mild (<50%), moderate (50–69%), or severe (>70%) intracranial stenosis. A semi‐automated analysis tool was developed to quantify velocity and flow from 4D flow MRI and to evaluate cerebral blood flow redistribution. PD at stenosis was estimated using the Bernoulli equation. The PD calculation was examined by an in vitro phantom study against flow simulations.ResultsFlow analysis in controls indicated symmetry in blood flow rate (FR) and peak velocity (PV) between the brain hemispheres. For patients, PV in the affected hemisphere was significantly (65%) higher than the normal side (P = 0.002). However, FR to both hemispheres of the brain was the same. The PD depicted significant correlation with PV asymmetry in patients (ρ = 0.67 and P = 0.02), and it was significantly higher for severe compared to moderate stenosis (3.73 vs. 2.30 mm Hg, P = 0.02).Conclusion4D flow MRI quantification enables assessment of the hemodynamic impact of ICAD. The significant difference of the PD between patients with severe and moderate stenosis and its correlation with PV asymmetry suggest that PD may be a pertinent hemodynamic biomarker to evaluate ICAD.
Development of a three‐dimensional soil model for the dynamic analysis of end‐bearing pile groups subjected to vertical loads
Authors: Luan Lubao , Zheng Changjie , Kouretzis George , Cao Guangwei , Zhou Hang 
Published: March 2019

SummaryThis paper presents a new analytical model for calculating the steady‐state impedance of pile groups subjected to vertical dynamic loads. The derived solution allows considering effects of radially but also vertically propagating soil waves on the soil attenuation function, pile interaction factor, and pile group impedance. The proposed model provides accurate estimates of the soil stress field and of the response of the pile group in the low as well as in the high‐frequency range, unlike earlier solutions based on the plane‐strain model to describe the soil surrounding the piles, which ignores the vertical soil stress gradient. The latter assumption results in underestimating pile group impedance and overestimating radiation damping for frequencies lower than the cutoff frequencies of the system, which are explicitly captured with the proposed solution.