bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chrna2‐OLM interneurons display different membrane properties and h‐current magnitude depending on dorsoventral location
Authors: Hilscher Markus M. , Nogueira Ingrid , Mikulovic Sanja , Kullander Klas , Leão Richardson N. , Leão Katarina E. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe hippocampus is an extended structure displaying heterogeneous anatomical cell layers along its dorsoventral axis. It is known that dorsal and ventral regions show different integrity when it comes to functionality, innervation, gene expression, and pyramidal cell properties. Still, whether hippocampal interneurons exhibit different properties along the dorsoventral axis is not known. Here, we report electrophysiological properties of dorsal and ventral oriens lacunosum moleculare (OLM) cells from coronal sections of the Chrna2‐cre mouse line. We found dorsal OLM cells to exhibit a significantly more depolarized resting membrane potential compared to ventral OLM cells, while action potential properties were similar between the two groups. We found ventral OLM cells to show a higher initial firing frequency in response to depolarizing current injections but also to exhibit a higher spike‐frequency adaptation than dorsal OLM cells. Additionally, dorsal OLM cells displayed large membrane sags in response to negative current injections correlating with our results showing that dorsal OLM cells have more hyperpolarization‐activated current (Ih) compared to ventral OLM cells. Immunohistochemical examination indicates the h‐current to correspond to hyperpolarization‐activated cyclic nucleotide‐gated subunit 2 (HCN2) channels. Computational studies suggest that Ih in OLM cells is essential for theta oscillations in hippocampal circuits, and here we found dorsal OLM cells to present a higher membrane resonance frequency than ventral OLM cells. Thus, our results highlight regional differences in membrane properties between dorsal and ventral OLM cells allowing this interneuron to differently participate in the generation of hippocampal theta rhythms depending on spatial location along the dorsoventral axis of the hippocampus.
Glucose intolerance in the third trimester is not predictive of adverse outcomes
Authors: Fonseca Andreia , Lopes João , Clode Nuno 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the incidence of abnormal third trimester oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) results in non‐diabetic women and to compare the obstetric and neonatal outcomes with those of women with normal OGTT results.MethodsWomen with third trimester singleton pregnancies with negative gestational diabetes test results earlier in their pregnancy were enrolled into an observational prospective study at a tertiary care hospital between June 1, 2014 and September 30, 2017. All underwent an additional 75 g OGTT between 32 and 36 weeks and were classified as having normal or abnormal results. Healthcare professionals were blinded to the results. Pregnancy and perinatal outcomes were compared.ResultsFour hundred and sixty‐seven women agreed to participate and 334 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Forty‐five (13.5%) had an abnormal third trimester OGTT result. In this group, post‐term induction of labor was more frequent (70.6% vs 38.1%, adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 4.28, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.33–13.77, P=0.015) as was cesarean delivery (31.1% vs 15.2%, aOR 2.57, 95% CI 1.14–5.81, P=0.023), regardless of surgery indication. Macrosomia was more common, but not significantly after adjusting for confounders (17.8% vs 4.2%, aOR 3.80, 95% CI 0.60–24.17, P=0.157). No other significant differences were found.ConclusionPost‐term induction of labor and cesarean delivery were more frequent in women with an abnormal third trimester OGTT result, but there was no increased risk of serious maternal or perinatal adverse outcomes.
An immune infiltration signature to predict the overall survival of patients with colon cancer
Authors: Peng Dengfa , Wang Lianjun , Li Huqing , Cai Changsong , Tan Yong , Xu Bin , Le Hao 
Published: July 2019

AbstractImmune infiltration of tumors has been increasingly accepted as a prognostic factor in colon cancer. Here, we aim to develop a novel immune signature, based on estimated immune landscape from tumor transcriptomes, to predict the overall survival of patients with colon cancer. The compositions of 22 immune cell subtypes from three microarray datasets were characterized with the CIBERSORT deconvolution algorithm. A prognostic immunoscore (PIS) model for overall survival prediction was established by using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) penalized regression analysis. A total of 17 immune cell markers were screened out in the LASSO model and were then aggregated to generate the PIS. In the training cohort (n = 490), patients with high PIS exhibited a remarkably poorer overall survival than those with low PIS. Similar results were obtained in patients with different TNM stages and in patients receiving adjunctive chemotherapy or not. Multivariate Cox regression indicated that the PIS was an independent predictor for overall survival in colon cancer (hazard ratio: 2.734, 95% confidence interval: 2.052–3.643, p < .001). The prognostic capability of PIS was also confirmed in the testing cohort (n = 245) and the entire cohort (n = 735). As for biological implications, the PIS was significantly associated with some immune checkpoints, inflammatory factors, epithelial–mesenchymal transformation regulators, and many known signaling pathways in cancer. The results of our study provide a novel and promising immune signature for overall survival prediction of patients with colon cancer.
Histogram analysis of en face scattering coefficient map predicts malignancy in human ovarian tissue
Authors: Zeng Yifeng , Nandy Sreyankar , Rao Bin , Li Shuying , Hagemann Andrea R. , Kuroki Lindsay K. , McCourt Carolyn , Mutch David G. , Powell Matthew A. , Hagemann Ian S. , Zhu Quing 
Published: July 2019

AbstractOvarian cancer is a heterogeneous disease at the molecular and histologic level. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is able to map ovarian tissue optical properties and heterogeneity, which has been proposed as a feature to aid in diagnosis of ovarian cancer. In this manuscript, depth‐resolved en face scattering maps of malignant ovaries, benign ovaries, and benign fallopian tubes obtained from 20 patients are provided to visualize the heterogeneity of ovarian tissues. Six features are extracted from histograms of scattering maps. All features are able to statistically distinguish benign from malignant ovaries. Two prediction models were constructed based on these features: a logistic regression model (LR) and a support vector machine (SVM). The optimal set of features is mean scattering coefficient and scattering map entropy. The LR achieved a sensitivity and specificity of 97.0% and 97.8%, and SVM demonstrated a sensitivity and specificity of 99.6% and 96.4%. Our initial results demonstrate the feasibility of using OCT as an “optical biopsy tool” for detecting the microscopic scattering changes associated with neoplasia in human ovarian tissue.
Serum KL‐6 level is a prognostic marker in patients with anti‐MDA5 antibody‐positive dermatomyositis associated with interstitial lung disease
Authors: Ye Yan , Fu Qiong , Wang Ran , Guo Qiang , Bao Chunde 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of Krebs von den Lungen‐6 (KL‐6) serum levels in patients with anti‐MDA5 antibody‐positive dermatomyositis (anti‐MDA5+ DM) having interstitial lung disease (ILD), especially in the amyopathic DM phenotype.MethodsThe serum KL‐6 level was measured using a chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA) in patients with anti‐MDA5+ DM, including clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis (CADM)‐ILD and classic DM‐ILD, and healthy donors. The baseline and post‐treatment serum KL‐6 levels were determined in 39 patients with CADM‐ILD who experienced remission or acute exacerbation. The association between laboratory findings, high‐resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scores, pulmonary function tests (PFTs), and the predictive value of baseline KL‐6 level for death was analyzed.ResultsThe serum KL‐6 levels were significantly higher in patients with CADM‐ILD (1339 ± 1329 U/mL) compared with DM‐ILD (642.3 ± 498.4 U/mL) and healthy donors (162.4 ± 54.01 U/mL). The KL‐6 levels correlated positively with chest HRCT scores, serum lactate dehydrogenase, serum ferritin levels, and PFTs, but not with erythrocyte sedimentation rate. During follow‐up, the post‐treatment serum KL‐6 levels significantly reduced in the remission/stable group, but increased in the acute exacerbation group. Higher levels of ferritin and KL‐6 and HRCT scores were independently associated with poor prognosis. The 1‐year survival rate was significantly lower in patients with high KL‐6 level than in those with low KL‐6 level.ConclusionThe serum KL‐6 levels may be a useful marker for predicting and monitoring ILD in Chinese patients with anti‐MDA5+ DM, especially amyopathic DM phenotype.
Rapamycin attenuates the paraquat‐induced pulmonary fibrosis through activating Nrf2 pathway
Authors: Tai Wenlin , Deng Shuhao , Wu Wenjuan , Li ZhenKun , Lei Wen , Wang Yin , Vongphouttha Chanthasone , Zhang Tao , Dong Zhaoxing 
Published: July 2019

AbstractOxidative stress is a key regulator of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Paraquat (PQ)‐induced pulmonary fibrosis seriously endangers people's health. Rapamycin has been reported to alleviate PQ‐induced pulmonary fibrosis, but its underlying mechanism is unclear. The nuclear factor E2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays an important regulatory role in the antioxidant therapy of PQ‐induced pulmonary fibrosis. In this study, we tried to confirm that rapamycin attenuates PQ‐induced pulmonary fibrosis by regulating Nrf2 pathway. In vivo, we proved that rapamycin could inhibit the degree of PQ‐induced oxidant stress as well as enhanced the expression of Nrf2. In vitro, rapamycin decreased the upregulated effects of cell death and apoptosis, fibrosis‐related factors expression and fibroblast‐to‐myofibroblast transformation by PQ treatment. In vivo, rapamycin treatment reduced fibrosis degree and the expression of fibrosis‐related factors in lung tissues of rat treated PQ. Furthermore, we also found that Nrf2 knockdown reduced the inhibitory effect of rapamycin on PQ‐induced pulmonary fibrosis, as well as decreased Nrf2 transfer from the cytoplasm into the nucleus. Our findings demonstrated that the protective effect of rapamycin is associated with the activation of the Nrf2 pathway in pulmonary fibrosis induced by PQ poisoning.
Numerical scheme for solving singular fractional partial integro‐differential equation via orthonormal Bernoulli polynomials
Authors: Samadyar Nasrin , Mirzaee Farshid 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this paper, an efficient matrix method based on 2D orthonormal Bernoulli polynomials are developed to obtain numerical solution of weakly singular fractional partial integro‐differential equations (FPIDEs). Operational matrix of integration, almost operational matrix of integration, and product operational matrix are employed to transform the solution of Volterra singular FPIDEs to the system of linear or nonlinear algebraic equations. The obtained algebraic system can be easily solved by using an appropriate numerical method. Also, some useful theorems concerning the convergence and error analysis associated to the mentioned approach are proven in the current paper. Finally, some numerical examples are included to illustrate the accuracy, efficiency, and applicability of the proposed approach.
Modeling of carbon nanotube ISFETs with high‐κ gate dielectrics for biosensing applications
Authors: Thakur Hiranya Ranjan , Dutta Jiten Chandra 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAn electrochemical model for two fabricated CNT‐ISFETs has been developed by considering all chemical and physical parameters of the device and then simulated in MATLAB environment. Model has been developed by studying on some aspects of carbon nanotube‐based ion sensitive field effect transistor (CNT‐ISFET) with two high‐κ dielectric materials (HfO2 and ZrO2) fabricated by chemical solution process at low temperature. DC experiments have been performed on pH of the solution to determine the dependence of surface potential, threshold voltage, and drain current. Sensitivities of the devices have also been determined experimentally and found to be 57.5 and 60 mV/pH compared with theoretical values of 56.6 and 58.6 mV/pH for HfO2 and ZrO2 CNT‐ISFETs, respectively in the pH range of 5 to 9. Time domain experiments have been performed to determine the memory effects of the devices. Experiments showed drift rate of 0.52 and 0.683 mV/h at pH 7 for HfO2 and ZrO2 as gate oxides, respectively. The hysteresis widths are found to be 5.88 and 5.26 mV in a pH loop of 7 → 9 → 7 → 5 → 7 for loop time of 60 minutes, respectively, for HfO2 and ZrO2 dielectrics. The simulated results of the developed model are compared with experimentally obtained data and found to be in good agreement.
Photoactivated disinfection in periodontal treatment: A randomized controlled clinical split‐mouth trial
Authors: Husejnagic Selma , Lettner Stefan , Laky Markus , Georgopoulos Apostolos , Moritz Andreas , Rausch‐Fan Xiaohui 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundPhotoactivated disinfection (PAD) could support the periodontal treatment outcome. The effect of the light emitting diode (LED) as an innovative light source in PAD is under discussion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and microbiological effect of adjunctive PAD in the treatment of periodontitis with a red LED as light source.MethodsTwenty patients with periodontitis completed this split‐mouth study. The left and right side of the jaws were randomly assigned to either test or control group. After conservative periodontal treatment in both groups, the test group received two sessions of adjunctive PAD (red LED, 635 nm, photosensitive dye, 0.01% tolonium chloride), whereas the control group received no adjunctive PAD. The parameters of clinical periodontal examination—including probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP) and microbiological assays (PCR) were evaluated before and after treatment.ResultsAfter 3 months, both treatment groups showed significant improvements regarding BOP, PD, and CAL compared to baseline, with no significant difference between control and treatment group. The recolonization of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola was reduced after adjuvant treatment, but not significantly.ConclusionsThe positive effect of adjunctive PAD regarding clinical parameters was reported in recent trials. In this study and with the current settings, both treatment groups showed similar clinical results after initial periodontal treatment, without beneficial effect of adjunctive PAD.
Coherency‐Broken Bragg Filters: Overcoming On‐Chip Rejection Limitations
Authors: Oser Dorian , Mazeas Florent , Le Roux Xavier , Pérez‐Galacho Diego , Alibart Olivier , Tanzilli Sébastien , Labonté Laurent , Marris‐Morini Delphine , Vivien Laurent , Cassan Éric , Alonso‐Ramos Carlos 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSelective optical filters with high rejection levels are of fundamental importance for a wide range of advanced photonic circuits. However, the implementation of high‐rejection on‐chip optical filters is seriously hampered by phase errors arising from fabrication imperfections. Due to coherent interactions, unwanted phase‐shifts result in detrimental destructive interferences that distort the filter response, whatever the chosen strategy (resonators, interferometers, Bragg filters, etc.). State‐of‐the‐art high‐rejection filters partially circumvent the sensitivity to phase errors by means of active tuning, complicating device fabrication and operation. Here, a new approach based on coherency‐broken Bragg filters is proposed to overcome this fundamental limitation. Non‐coherent interaction among modal‐engineered waveguide Bragg gratings separated by single‐mode waveguides is exploited to yield effective cascading, even in the presence of phase errors. This technologically independent approach allows seamless combination of filter stages with moderate performance free of active control, providing a dramatic increase of on‐chip rejection. Based on this concept, on‐chip non‐coherent cascading of Si Bragg filters is experimentally demonstrated, achieving a light rejection exceeding 80 dB, the largest value reported for an all‐passive silicon filter.
Nutritional Assessment in Inpatients With Cirrhosis Can Be Improved After Training and Is Associated With Lower Readmissions
Authors: Reuter Bradley , Shaw Jawaid , Hanson Jennifer , Tate Victoria , Acharya Chathur , Bajaj Jasmohan S. 
Published: July 2019

Malnutrition is widely prevalent in cirrhosis patients, which can worsen sarcopenia, hepatic encephalopathy (HE), and overall prognosis. We aimed to define the frequency of nutritional assessments of patients with cirrhosis in retrospective and prospective (after educational training) cohorts and to evaluate prospective changes along with their effects on 90‐day readmissions. This study was conducted in 2 phases. Retrospectively, records of hospitalized patients with cirrhosis from the university and Veterans Affairs Medical Center (VAMC) settings were reviewed to assess nutritional status, if a nutrition consultation occurred, the number of days patients were nil per os (npo) and received inadequate nutrition, and if nutritional management was guideline directed. In the prospective phase, after dedicated educational efforts directed at the stakeholders regarding nutritional guidelines for patients with cirrhosis, subsequently hospitalized cirrhosis patients had nutritional and 90‐day readmission data collected for comparison between groups. In total, 279 patients were included in the retrospective phase (150 university/129 VAMC), and 102 VAMC patients were in the prospective phase. Cirrhosis severity, reason for admission, and hospital course were similar between groups regardless of cohort, ie, prospective versus retrospective or VAMC versus university. The prospective group had significantly more nutritional consultations and assessments (74.5% versus 40.1%; P < 0.001) compared with the retrospective group regardless of comparisons between the VAMC and university cohorts. Both groups had a similar number of days npo, but the prospective group had fewer days of inadequate nutrition. The 90‐day readmission rate was significantly lower in the prospective group versus the retrospective group (39.4% versus 28.4%; P = 0.04), which was associated with greater nutrition outpatient follow‐up. In conclusion, nutritional consultation rates in inpatients with cirrhosis can be significantly improved after educational intervention and is associated with lower 90‐day readmission rates.
Addition Polyalkylnorbornenes: A Promising New Class of Si‐Free Membrane Materials for Hydrocarbons Separation
Authors: Wozniak Alyona I. , Bermesheva Evgeniya V. , Borisov Ilya L. , Petukhov Dmitrii I. , Bermeshev Maxim V. , Volkov Alexey V. , Finkelshtein Eugene Sh. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractNanoporous glassy polymers are perspective materials for the fabrication of gas separation membranes, especially for the application of gaseous hydrocarbon separation. However, the drawback of such materials is the pronounced physical aging resulting in the dramatic drop of gas transport properties due to relaxation of high‐free‐volume fraction in time. Herein, a novel and readily available group of such glassy polymers is reported based on 5‐alkylnorbornenes. These polymers are easily synthesized from dicyclopentadiene and α‐olefins by Diels‐Alder reaction and vinyl (addition) polymerization of the formed cycloadducts in the presence of ([(η3‐C3H5)PdCl]2/PCy3/Na+[B(3,5‐(CF3)2C6H3)4]− catalyst. The obtained polymers display low‐fraction free volume, stable gas permeability over time, and possess a unique feature for the glassy polymers—solubility controlled permeation of hydrocarbons and enhanced C4H10/CH4 selectivity.
Numerical investigation of dual‐pumped optical frequency combs based on silicon‐on‐insulator microring resonator
Authors: Wen Jin , Duan Lina , Ma Chengju , Fan Wei 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDual‐pumped optical frequency combs (OFCs) based on silicon‐on‐insulator (SOI) microring and their characteristics are numerically investigated. This indicates that a relative low pump power is required to generate the comb modes effectively due to the high Q factor and large nonlinearity of the SOI microring. The number of generated comb modes reaches to 28, and the spacing of comb modes is over 300 nm. As the pump power enhances to 12 dBm, the bandwidth of the OFCs (over 800 nm) and the number of the comb modes (over 64) ranged from the infrared to mid‐infrared wavelength region. Correspondingly, the field profile of the OFCs changes to irregular shape when the pump power increases. Meanwhile, it has been found that the intensity of the pedestal of the OFC is above −150 dBm when the Gaussian noise is introduced, which reduced the bandwidth and modes of the OFCs by affecting the pump powers' transferring efficiency. The OFCs based on SOI microring can be found applications in chip‐scale oscillations, waveform generation, and ultrafast spectroscopy.
Extracting tree structures in CT data by tracking multiple statistically ranked hypotheses
Authors: Selvan Raghavendra , Petersen Jens , Pedersen Jesper H. , de Bruijne Marleen 
Published: July 2019

PurposeIn this work, we adapt a method based on multiple hypothesis tracking (MHT) that has been shown to give state‐of‐the‐art vessel segmentation results in interactive settings, for the purpose of extracting trees.MethodsRegularly spaced tubular templates are fit to image data forming local hypotheses. These local hypotheses are then used to construct the MHT tree, which is then traversed to make segmentation decisions. Some critical parameters in the method, we base ours on, are scale‐dependent and have an adverse effect when tracking structures of varying dimensions. We propose to use statistical ranking of local hypotheses in constructing the MHT tree which yields a probabilistic interpretation of scores across scales and helps alleviate the scale dependence of MHT parameters. This enables our method to track trees starting from a single seed point.ResultsThe proposed method is evaluated on chest computed tomography data to extract airway trees and coronary arteries and compared to relevant baselines. In both cases, we show that our method performs significantly better than the Original MHT method in semiautomatic setting.ConclusionsThe statistical ranking of local hypotheses introduced allows the MHT method to be used in noninteractive settings yielding competitive results for segmenting tree structures.