bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating and Improving Snow in the National Water Model, Using Observations from the New York State Mesonet
Authors: Minder Justin R. , Letcher Theodore W. , RafieeiNasab Arezoo , Naple Patrick W. , Liotta Sierra , Enzminger Tom , Wang Junhong 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study leverages observations from the New York State Mesonet to evaluate and improve the representation of snow within the National Water Model (NWM) and its associated land surface model (Noah-MP). To do so, we run and analyze distributed NWM simulations, forced by gridded meteorological analyses, and Noah-MP point simulations, forced by New York State Mesonet (NYSM) observations. Distributed NWM runs, with a baseline configuration, show substantial SWE biases caused by biases in the meteorological forcing used, imperfect representation of snow processes, and mismatches between the land cover in the model and at NYSM station locations. Noah-MP point simulations, using the baseline configuration, reveal a systematic positive bias in SWE accumulation. Sensitivity experiments show that this bias can be mitigated by using an alternative precipitation phase partitioning method. Noah-MP point simulations, with improved precipitation phase partitioning, reveal a systematic negative bias in SWE ablation rates. Sensitivity experiments highlight uncertain parameters within Noah-MP that strongly affect ablation rates and show particularly large sensitivity to the snow albedo decay time-scale (TAU0) parameter, which modulates snow albedo decay rates. Reducing TAU0 improves ablation rates by reducing biases in surface albedo. Distributed NWM experiments, with precipitation phase partitioning and TAU0 adjusted based on Noah-MP point simulation results, show qualitatively similar sensitivities. However, the distributed experiments do not show clear improvements when compared to SWE and streamflow observations. This is likely due to some combination of the abovementioned sources of bias in the baseline-distributed run and (for streamflow) biases in other parameterized processes unrelated to snow in the NWM.

Significance Statement
Simulating snow on the ground is important for forecasting streamflow. This study compares snow simulations from a streamflow forecast model to observations from an advanced weather station network. Errors in simulated snow are caused by errors in the weather inputs to the model and errors in how the model represents complex physical processes. Some of these errors can be reduced by changing how the model classifies rain versus snow and how the model determines how much sunlight snow reflects. However, using these results to improve the forecast model is tricky, due to errors in the weather data inputs, errors in the representation of other complex processes, and differences between vegetation assumed in the model and that at the weather station locations.
Will You Trust Me? Evidence from the Trust Game Between Groups of Friends and Strangers
Authors: Sylwestrzak Marta 
Published: December 2024

We report the experimental results from a trust game that was played between friends and strangers. We invited subjects to the laboratory in groups of four friends, who were then assigned across different groups. Some groups of friends stayed together; others were mixed with strangers within their own group or in the opponent group; and some were in pairs of groups where everyone was a stranger to each other. Our results confirm the finding from the previous studies that a pair of friends is more willing to reciprocate a transfer from their friends than from a pair of strangers. We also show that trust and trustworthiness are undermined if the decision is made by a mixed group when compared to a group of friends who only have one friend in the other group. In general, our results suggest that the existence of between-group social ties is insufficient to build trust and trustworthiness. By revealing to a player that their co-player has a friend in the opponent, their group significantly increases trust but not trustworthiness. JEL Codes: C92, D90
Reliability and validity of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia in patients with traumatic hand–forearm injuries
Authors: Eraslan Umut , Kitis Ali , Usta Ozdemir Hande , Senol Hande , Demirkan Ahmet Fahir , Ozcan Ramazan Hakan , Ozgur Emral 
Published: December 2024

Objective Fear of movement in patients with traumatic hand–arm injuries can negatively affect functional outcomes. Therefore, it is important to evaluate fear of movement in this patient population. The aim of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia in patients with traumatic hand–forearm injuries. Design Cross-sectional. Setting Hand rehabilitation unit in a university hospital. Participants The study included 170 patients with traumatic hand–arm injuries and a mean age of 37.57 (11.85) years. Main measures Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Beck Anxiety Inventory and pain severity rating (via Visual Analog Scale) were completed by interview in the first session. In addition, Modified Hand Injury Scoring System was used to determine severity of the injury. Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia was re-administered 15 days after the first session. Test–retest reliability, internal consistency, and construct validity of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia were evaluated. In addition, exploratory factor analysis was completed using baseline data. Results Cronbach's alpha for the scale was 0.604, and test–retest reliability was acceptable (ICC = 0.646). Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia had a significant relationship with Beck Anxiety Inventory ( r = 0.269, p < 0.001), Pain Catastrophizing Scale ( r = 0.457, p < 0.001) and pain severity at rest ( r = 0.168, p = 0.029). Factor analysis estimated the scale represented five subsections in this population. Conclusions Psychometric properties of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia were acceptable in patients with hand–forearm injuries. However, since our results were weaker than those in the literature, this should be considered when interpreting the results.
Impulsivity and Cognitive Functioning in Inpatients with Concurrent Disorders: A Comparative Study with Healthy Controls and Evaluation of Treatment-Related Changes: Impulsivité et fonctionnement cognitif chez les patients hospitalisés présentant des troubles concomitants : étude comparative avec des témoins sains et évaluation des changements liés au traitement
Authors: Todesco Stefanie , Chao Thomas , Gorsuch Liam , Schütz Christian 
Published: December 2024

Impairments in impulse control and related neurocognitive functioning have been well documented in both substance use and mental disorder populations. While high impulsivity and other executive dysfunction have been linked to negative treatment outcomes in these populations, no study to date has examined their clinical relevance among individuals with co-occurring substance use and mental disorders (or concurrent disorders [CD]). Objective This study investigated impulsivity and working memory among CD inpatients across treatment and compared to controls. Methods Patients ( N = 56, Mage = 38.2, SD = 11.7, 17F) and healthy controls ( N = 50, Mage = 31.9, SD = 10.0, 25F) completed a battery of self-report questionnaires and behavioural tasks assessing working memory and impulsivity (response inhibition, delay discounting, reflection, decision-making). Patients were assessed within 2 weeks of admission (baseline) and at 6 months (follow-up). Controls completed a single session at baseline. Patient demographics, diagnostic status, and treatment outcome (discharge with or without medical advice) were retrieved from medical records. Results Group differences in demographics were probed for inclusion as covariates. At baseline, patients had greater self-reported impulsivity on the UPPS-P (negative and positive urgency) and BIS (motor and non-planning), and greater delay discounting than controls. Among patients, there was no association between treatment adherence and working memory, self-report, or behavioural impulsivity, and no change in behavioural impulsivity was observed from baseline to follow-up. Conclusions This is the first study to assess impulsivity and working memory in the context of CD treatment. Patients exhibited greater impulsivity on choice-based and various self-report measures. The absence of treatment-related changes in impulsivity and working memory outcomes suggests that conventional treatments may be neglecting to target potentially key areas of functioning. Further research is needed to examine how treatment affects impulsivity and related functions in individuals with CD, and their impact on clinical outcomes.
Functional Limitations and Depressive Symptoms Among Older Adults in Korea: Gender Differences in the Moderating Roles of Relationship Satisfaction With Family, Friends, and Neighbors
Authors: Choi Ji-Young , Sung Pildoo 
Published: December 2024

Objectives This study investigated the association between functional limitations and depressive symptoms among older adults in South Korea, focusing on gender differences in the moderating roles of relationship satisfaction with family, friends, and neighbors. Methods Fixed-effect models were applied to five waves of data from the Korean Retirement and Income Study, encompassing 19,180 observations. Results Increases in functional limitations were associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms, regardless of gender. However, the moderating effects of relationship satisfaction differed by gender: For older women, satisfaction with family moderated the association, whereas for older men, satisfaction with friends played a moderating role. Discussion The findings suggest tailoring interventions to improve family relationships for women and friendships for men in mitigating depressive symptoms among functionally vulnerable older adults in Korea, where rapid population aging poses significant challenges to protect functional and mental health among older adults.
A Randomized Study Protocol for Customized Interventions in Youth Deliberate Self-harm
Authors: Kpeno Audifax , Sahoo Surjeet , Sahu Amiya Krushna , Sahu Pratap 
Published: December 2024

Background & Objective: The objective of this research is to provide ideal interventions for youth engaged in self-harm, addressing the scarcity of literature exploring these interventions. While dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) and cognitive behavioral therapy are common approaches, this study aims to explore the potential of problem solving therapy (PST) and coping skills therapy as promising interventions. Methodology: The study is guided by cognitive behavioral theory (CBT), which provides the framework for understanding the relationships between cognitive constructs, personality profiles, coping skills, problem-solving abilities, emotions, and self-harm behaviors among adolescents. The research is designed as a randomized study protocol and includes primary and secondary outcome measures, including assessments of depressive and anxiety symptoms, quality of life, cognitive constructs, and personality profiles. Gender-specific effectiveness and the effectiveness of interventions in youth with borderline personality disorder (BPD) are also considered. Study Setting: The study will be conducted at the Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, India. Statistical Analysis: The statistical analysis will include a t-test, repeated measures ANOVA, regression analysis, and correlation coefficients to assess the interventions’ effectiveness and their interactions with individual characteristics. Nonetheless, this research protocol holds promise in providing valuable understanding into modified interventions for youth engaged in deliberate self-harm (DSH) behaviors.
Adaptability as a Journey: A Constructivist Grounded Theory Study Exploring the Transition to Motherhood in the Context of Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Raouna Aigli , Mihut Andreea Miruna , MacBeth Angus 
Published: December 2024

Despite growing evidence that women with bipolar disorder (BD) diagnoses are at a particularly increased risk for perinatal mental and physical health complications, our understanding of their experiences and support needs from pre-conception to early postnatal years is still in its early stages. To address this gap, a qualitative study was carried out employing a constructivist grounded theory approach to identify the underlying processes shaping women’s journeys to motherhood in the context of BD. In-depth, semi-structured online interviews were conducted with 10 mothers worldwide with a pre-existing diagnosis of BD and a first child under 5 years of age. Mothers’ experiences revolved around a constant interplay between vulnerability and adaptability, leading to the development of the substantive theory of adaptability as a journey. This study proposes that becoming adaptable constitutes a process, with the concept of “projecting adaptability” being influential in this journey. Characterized by the interconnected elements of self-awareness of vulnerability, perceived support from external sources, and ownership of experiences, the ability to envision an adaptable version of oneself along with understanding the path to achieving it played a significant role in women’s experiences. Overall, there is a need for a more dynamic understanding of these experiences, providing appropriate support rather than viewing women as simply vulnerable or adaptable. Further research is necessary to explore the transferability of this theoretical framework, especially among mothers from diverse socio-economic backgrounds.
Continuous improvement in state vocational rehabilitation: A demonstration and call to action
Authors: Fleming Allison R. , Phillips Brian N. , Lockett Marissa 
Published: December 2024

Background State Vocational Rehabilitation Agencies (SVRAs) are the leading provider of employment services for disabled adults in the United States, with achievement of competitive integrated employment as their main outcome. Objective Current data collection policies and practices require counselors to record extensive information for case documentation purposes, however, these data offer limited utility for service planning or for determinations of whether services are having the intended impact. Available data is not structured to support continuous improvement for individual providers or to establish evidence of best practices in day-to-day service provision. Method In this article, we present the many potential benefits of including pre-post assessment of services in measuring the impact of SVRA services. Results The Transition Readiness Toolkit offers a concrete example of the advantages associated with pre-post assessment and continuous use of data to guide services and quality improvement in SVRAs. Conclusion Recommendations and implications for implementing pre-post assessment for other SVRA services are provided.
Linear relationship between triglyceride–glucose–body mass index and myopia in United States adolescents
Authors: Jin Zhaofeng , Liu Yalan , Luo Ying 
Published: December 2024

Purpose To determine the relationship between the triglyceride–glucose–body mass index (TyG-BMI) and the incidence of myopia in United States (US) adolescents. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, with a focus on adolescents aged 12–19 years. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to determine the relationship between TyG-BMI and myopia. Furthermore, a restricted cubic spline function logistic regression model was used to explore the linear relationship between changes in TyG-BMI and myopia. Lastly, stratified analyses and interaction term tests were performed. Results The incidence of myopia was noted to be 42.17% among US adolescents. TyG-BMI was significantly and linearly associated with myopia in adolescents (p < 0.05). Compared with adolescents in the low TyG-BMI group, those in the high TyG-BMI group exhibited a 20% higher risk of developing myopia (OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.0–1.5, p for trend < 0.05). Conclusions TyG-BMI is significantly and positively associated with myopia incidence in US adolescents. The higher incidence of myopia in the high TyG-BMI group suggests the importance of metabolic health for myopia development. Controlling metabolic health factors is essential for preventing myopia in adolescents.
A prospective, observational study of a pediatric affect and cooperation scale (HRAD±) for vascular access procedures
Authors: Yun Romy , Kennedy Kristin M , Titzler Janet , Ganesan Avani , Yamaguchi Craig , Zuniga-Hernandez Michelle , Renavikar Meghana , Brinda Ryan , Jackson Christian , Rohovit Stacie , Caruso Thomas J 
Published: December 2024

Background: Anxiety is common in pediatric patients, especially during vascular access procedures. Most well-studied affect and anxiety scales, including the Observation Scale of Behavioral Distress-Revised (OSBD-r), the modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (mYPAS), and the modified Induction Compliance Checklist (mICC), are too cumbersome for clinical use outside of research settings. HRAD± (Happy, Relaxed, Anxious, Distressed with yes/no to cooperation) is a clinically-efficient observational scale that evaluates pediatric procedural affect and cooperation. This study examined the clinical utility of HRAD± during vascular access procedures in children. The aims were to investigate the correlation of HRAD± to highly reliable, research-based affect and cooperation scales and to assess inter-rater reliability (IRR) between observers in this setting. Methods: This was a prospective, observational study conducted at Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford. Inpatient participants were 1 month to 25 years old and undergoing a peripheral intravenous insertion or phlebotomy. Two trained research assistants (RAs) scored each patient independently during the vascular access procedure using HRAD±, OSBD-r, mYPAS, and mICC. Correlation analyses computed the associations between HRAD± and reference scales. IRR between RAs and vascular access providers was calculated using Fleiss’ Kappa. Results: A total of 234 patients were included. HRAD± scores strongly correlated with OSBD-r and mYPAS ( p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001, respectively). The cooperation assessment of HRAD± demonstrated strong correlation to mICC ( p < 0.0001). IRR of HRAD± between research assistants and vascular access providers showed moderate agreement ( p < 0.0001). Conclusion: HRAD± demonstrated strong correlation to the reference affect and cooperation scales. This study supports the utility of HRAD± for rapid assessment of pediatric procedural anxiety and cooperation during vascular access procedures. HRAD± can serve as a practical tool for facilitating clinical decisions, and its wider incorporation into healthcare settings would importantly guide targeted interventions to reduce patient anxiety.
The influence of the multifactorial falls prevention programme on mortality
Authors: Korpi Niko , Mikkelsson Marja , Korpi Tomi , Kautiainen Hannu 
Published: December 2024

Aims: Multifactorial falls prevention programmes (MFFPs) can prevent falls and fall-related injuries. We aimed to study MFFP patients’ mortality compared with their sex-, age- and residence-matched population-based controls. Methods: This study is a Finnish single-centre retrospective register-based controlled cohort study of a total of 527 home-dwelling MFFP patients and their 3:1 age-, sex- and residence-matched population-based controls ( n = 1581), who had not attended the MFFP. Results: During the follow-up, the cumulative mortality of all patients was 40.4, and of controls 39.1 %. Hazard ratio was 0.82 (95% confidence interval 0.68 to 0.99), p= 0.041. Case patients had a 2.7 times greater risk to die due to accidents, but they had a lower risk to die due to dementia, compared with the control group. The 72-years-old or older participants had a lower mortality rate than the controls during follow-up. Conclusions: The MFFP seems to relate to a lower all-cause mortality when comparing MFFP patients with their age-, sex- and residence-matched controls. However, the MFFP did not seem to relate to a lower injury-related mortality. The relationship between the MFFP and lower all-cause mortality seemed to be strongest in the patients aged 72 years or older. Due to the study setting and population-based control group, it is difficult to draw solid conclusions and further studies are needed. A randomized controlled trial comparing the MFFP with standard care would give better insight on the effectiveness of a MFFP on mortality.
A pilot survey of breast cancer survivors’ reporting of palpitations to healthcare providers
Authors: Carpenter Janet S , Sheng Ying , Snyder Morgan , Fagan Rileigh , Ekanayake Vindhya , Elkins Gary R 
Published: December 2024

Background: Breast cancer survivors (BCS) may experience cardiotoxicities from chemotherapy and oral endocrine therapy. Although a few studies have documented that palpitations are prevalent and associated with poorer outcomes, there is limited to no information on BCS’ reporting of palpitations to healthcare providers. Objectives: To compare BCS who did and did not report their palpitations to a healthcare provider and describe how those who did report palpitations recalled their provider responding. Design: This was a cross-sectional, national, electronic, pilot survey of BCS enrolled in the Love Army of Women registry. Methods: Participants ( n = 52 with palpitations) completed standardized and investigator-designed questionnaires. Data were analyzed using frequency and descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and Mann–Whitney tests. Responses to one open-ended question were analyzed using frequency counts and standard content analysis. Results: Compared to BCS who reported palpitations to a provider ( n = 34), BCS who did not report their palpitations ( n = 18) were significantly more anxious ( p = 0.002) and more likely to feel palpitations as an irregular heartbeat (70.6% versus 38.9%, p = 0.027). Among the 34 BCS who reported palpitations to a provider, 32 completed the open-ended question. Of these 32 BCS, a majority ( n = 27, 84%) indicated their provider recommended cardiac testing and/or referral to a cardiologist. Most ( n = 24) reported completing testing. Test results included diagnosis of a new arrhythmia or other cardiac abnormality ( n = 11, 46%), receipt of a new prescription ( n = 5, 21%), or normal results ( n = 5, 21%). Five (16%) of the 32 BCS did not receive recommendations for testing or referral and felt their provider normalized or dismissed their symptoms. Conclusion: Palpitations are a salient topic for further research and clinical practice recommendations to address cardiac health in BCS.