bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biochemical Characterization of In vitro Reconstituted Biologically Active Recombinant Shiga Toxin
Authors: Chauhan Vinita , Chauhan Ritika , Sonkar Priyanka , Dhaked Ram Kumar 
Published: December 2018

Background:Shiga toxins comprise a family of related proteins produced by bacteria Shigella dysenteriae and some strains of Escherichia coli that cause severe clinical manifestations. Severe Shiga toxin intoxication results in Haemolytic-Uremic Syndrome (HUS), up to 50% of HUS patients manifest some degree of renal failure and ~10% of such cases develop permanent renal failure or death. </P><P> Objective: In present research work production of biologically active rStx from non-toxic rStxA and rStxB subunits were established that can be used in many biomedical applications.Methods:Purification of Shiga toxin from bacteria is a multistep time consuming process resulting in low yield. To overcome this problem, the rStxA and rStxB protein were separately cloned and expressed in E. coli host and purified through affinity chromatography. GST pull-down assay was performed for interaction study between rStxA and pentameric rStxB. The affinity between A and B subunits of reconstituted recombinant Shiga toxin (AB5) was determined by SPR. The biological activity of the toxin was confirmed in Vero cells and mouse lethality assay.Results:The yield of GST-StxA and His6X-StxB obtained after affinity chromatography was estimated to 2 and 5 mg/l, respectively. Samples analyzed in pull down assay revealed two bands of ~58 kDa (rStxA) and ~7.7 kDa (rStxB) on SDS-PAGE. Affinity was confirmed through SPR with KD of 0.85 pM. This rStx produced from 1:5 molar ratio found to be cytotoxic in Vero cell line and resulted lethality in mouse.Conclusions:Large scale production of rStx using the method can facilitate screening and evaluation of small molecule inhibitors for therapeutics development.
Synthesis of 3-Amino-7-(N,N-Dimethylamino)-2-Substituted-5-Phenylphenazin-5-Ium Chlorides by Oxidative Cyclization
Authors: Liu Yuan , Jin Ling , Liu Jun-feng , Wang Yu-qi , Zhou Zhi-xiang 
Published: December 2018

Aim and Objective:Phenazines are substances with an extensive range of important applications. Recently, the synthesis of N-arylation has been made more feasible owing to the advent of a new methodology. But because the toxicity of the used oxidant and the low yield, it is necessary to find a nonpoisonous or less toxic oxidant. We report on the use of potassium permanganate as an oxidant to synthesize phenylphenazin-5- ium chlorides via sequential aniline arylation.Materials and Methods:The corresponding 2-substituted-3-amino-5-phenyl-7-N,N-dimethylamino phenazinium chlorides were obtained via various o-substituted toluidines reacted with 4-amino-N,N-dimethyamine and aniline using potassium permanganate as an oxidant under different conditions such as temperature, pH, reaction time and the ratio of raw materials. Infrared (IR) absorption data were acquired on a Thermo Nicolet Nexus 670 FT-IR spectrometer with DTGS KBr detector. All the products were characterized by Mass, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The total C, H, N, content was measured by the elemental analyzer.Results:The yields of 3-amino-7-(N,N-dimethylamino)-2-substituted-5-phenylphenazin-5-ium chlorides are from 42.5% to 75.8% based on the electrophilic ability of different substituted groups under the temperature of 95°C, pH 4.5 and the reaction time of 8hrs.Conclusion:3-Amino-7-(N,N-dimethylamino)-2-substituted-5-phenylphenazin-5-ium chlorides have been synthesized in high yields via the oxidative cyclization with potassium permanganate. This route is a simple, economic, efficient and environmentally friendly.
Experimental Design and Verification of Extended State Observers for Magnetic Levitation System Based on PSO
Authors: Humaidi Amjad J. 
Published: December 2018

Introduction:
This work presents analysis, design and implementation of two schemes of Extended State Observer (ESO) to estimate the position, velocity and unmeasurable states for magnetic levitation systems, Linear ESO (LESO) and Nonlinear ESO (NESO). The multiplicity of design parameters for both LESO and NESO made it difficult to find appropriate setting of these parameters such that to reach satisfactory performance of observation process.

Methods:
Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique is used to improve performance of observation process by finding optimal tuned parameters of observer design parameter subjected to specified performance index. Theoretical results of both observers are firstly implemented in the environment of MATLAB/SIMULINK. Then, experimental state estimation of observers is set up based on feedback instrument (33-942S) to verify the simulated results.

Results and Conclusion:
Root Mean Square (RMS) of estimation error has been used as an indicator to assess the performance of observers. The simulated and practical results showed that LESO could give better estimation performance than NESO.
KARTINI: PERJUANGAN DAN PEMIKIRANNYA
Authors: Sudrajat Sudrajat - 
Published: December 2018

Abstract Kartini was native Indonesian woman in that have consciousness gender equality. Despite as a woman’s hero, Kartini has a perpective about the way how to reach for Indonesian independent. All about of the Kartini perspectives was writeen on his letters that send to his friends. Later, JH Abendanon collects Kartini’s letters and published it on the title Door Duisternis Tot Licht (Out of Dark Comes Light). This article attemp to analizes the struggle and views of Kartini. The writers recite her letters in which publishes by Agnes Symmer by the title of Letters of A Javanese Princess: Raden Adjeng Kartini. By employing critic-analytical method the writers attempt to compare this book with another. The struggle of Kartini includes a gender equality, because she attemps to increase the degree of Indonesian woman by empowering themselves. Kartini says that Indonesian woman must be out from handcuff customs. It can be reach with education in which employee the Indonesian woman. Kartini wanted native Indonesian women have the freedom to learn and study. Kartini so has a perspective about the way that can be reach to Indonesian independent with nationalism, unity and social solidarity. The nationalism that Kartini’s views, includes the universal nationalism. It means that the idea of kartini nationalism appears universal moral value: liberty, equality, solidarity, and fraternity.
TANTANGAN DEMOKRASI DI INDONESIA: TINJAUAN PRAKTIK KEBERAGAMAAN ISLAM “GARIS KERAS”
Authors: Miftahuddin Miftahuddin 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRAK

Cita-cita yang ingin dicapai negara Indonesia adalah mewujudkan masyarakatnya secara keseluruhan berpegang teguh kepada nilai-nilai Pancasila. Dapat diyakini apabila Pancasila ini telah diamalkan dengan benar menandakan demokrasi yang ideal dan sebenarnya telah tercapai di Indonesia. Termasuk umat Islam sebagai bagaian dari masyarakat Indonesia yang terbesar juga harus mengamalkan Pancasila. Bahkan, Pancasila sendiri adalah produk dari sebagian para tokoh umat Islam yang ingin menjadikan bangsa ini berdiri. Hanya saja dalam perjalanannya ada sebagaian umat Islam yang mempermasalahkan Pancasila. Padahal dikatahui bahwa Islam dan Pancasila adalah berjalan seiring dan sejalan. Untuk itu, artikel ini mencoba untuk melihat praktik keberagamaan dan sosial kelompok Islam “garis keras” yang diasumsikan tidak sejalan dengan cita-cita Pancasila.
Dari kajian yang dilakukan beberapa sarjana bahwa memang ada kelompok-kelompok umat Islaam di Indonesia yang paraktik keberagamaan dan sosial mereka jauh menyimpang dari tujuan nilai-nilai pancasila. Gerakan-gerakan Islam “garis keras” seringkali menjalankan aksinya dengan melanggar aturan main demokrasi. Tidak hanya itu, tetapi dapat disaksikan bahwa konsepsi pemikiran dari kalangan mereka juga menentang nilai-nilai demokrasi itu sendiri sebagai sebuah aturan main yang telah disepakati bersama. Sikap kelompok Islam “garis keras” biasanya anti terhadap semua sistem Barat, khususnya demokrasi dan hak-hak asasi manusia. Akan tetapi, anehnya mereka menikmati berbagai hasil teknologi Barat. Di mata mereka, demokrasi dan hak-hak asasi manusia adalah produk Barat sehingga harus dilawan karena merusak Islam. Mereka ingin menciptakan sebuah dunia cita-cita berdasarkan tafsiran mereka yang monolitik terhadap Al-Qur’an dan sejarah Nabi. Jika hal ini yang dipegangi, dengan sendirinya Pancasila bukanlah cita-cita mereka. Oleh karena itu, sikap mereka harus disadarkan atau diperangi.
Reconocimiento de relaciones intersensoriales basadas en el ritmo a los 4, 7 y 10 meses
Authors: Martínez Mauricio Sebastián , Español Silvia Ana , Igoa Gonzáles José Manuel 
Published: December 2018

Desde que nacen, los bebés desarrollan la habilidad para percibir un amplio rango de relaciones intersensoriales. En este estudio se indaga el desarrollo de la habilidad para percibir relaciones intersensoriales basadas en el ritmo. Tres grupos de bebés –de 4, 7 y 10 meses– participaron en una tarea de preferencia intersensorial en la que se utilizó como estímulos audiovisual una mujer ejecutando dos performances –similares a la que los adultos realizan frente a los bebés durante los intercambios intersubjetivos–organizadas según dos patrones rítmicos diferentes. Los resultados indican que sólo el grupo de bebés de 10 meses reconoce la relación intersensorial basa en el ritmo. Estos se discuten en relación con las capacidades para detectar y discriminar patrones rítmicos informadas en investigaciones previas. Se revisa también su implicancia respecto del desarrollo intersubjetivo temprano.
Tathwir Kitaa al Shorf al Kailaniy fi Khorithoh al Mafaahiim Mind Mapping bi Ma’had Daar al Lughoh wa al Dirosaat al Islamiyyah Pamekasan Madura
Authors: Gunawan Riski 
Published: December 2018

مستخلص البحثإن معهد دار اللغة الدراسات الإسلامية أحد المعاهد يهتم كبيرا إلى اللغة العربية، وبصفتها مركز اللغة العربية بباميكاسن. ولكن بعد ملاحظة الباحث بمهذا المعهد يجد الباحث المشلات في تعليم اللغة العربية بخاصة في تعليم الصرف. والمشكلات التي يواجهها المعهد هو الكتاب المستخدم هو كتاب الصرف الكيلاني، فيحتاج المعهد إلى تطوير وتحسين الكتاب المستخدم.ومن ثم ذلك يقوم الباحث بتطوير كتاب الصرف الكيلاني بخريطة المفاهيم. ويستخدم الباحث المدخل البحث والتطوير(Research & Development)، فهذا المدخل هو طريقة البحث المستخدمة للحصول على نتائج معينة وتجربة فعالة.وبالنسبة إلى فرضية البحث إذا كانHoمردودفيقبلHa، والمعنى ذلك أن معدلي النتيجة غير مماثلين.الكلمات المفتاحية: كتاب الصرف الكيلاني، خريطة المفاهيم AbstractIslamic Boarding School (Pon-Pes) Daar el-Lugaha ad-Diraasat wa al-Islamiyah Pamekasan Madura is one ponpes that gives a great attention to the Arabic language.But after researchers conducted observations are also interviews with teachers of Arabic in the ponpes, it was revealed that there are still problems faced learning Arabic, the most urgent is the development in the textbook material shorf Kailani. Therefore, researchers find it very necessary to conduct development shorf book Kailani with mind mapping in the ponpes.Researchers used the approach of R & D (research and development), this approach is a method used to produce certain products also test its effectiveness. And the average results of the questionnaire showed that 90.5% of correspondents consider good use shorf book with Mind Mapping in learning shorf.Keywords: Shorf Book Kailani, Mind Mapping
Wasilah al Lu’bah al Lughowiyah Broken Square wa Snow Balling fii Ta’lim al Lughoh al ‘Arabiyyah li Tarqiyah Maharoh al Qiroah
Authors: In'ami Moh , Shara Putri Zunita 
Published: December 2018

مستخلص البحثالمدرسة الثانوية الإسلامية منبع الأعلى فوروادادي كروبوكان هي المدرسة فيها تعلم اللغة العربية. اما اهداف هذا البحث فهو لأن يعرف فعالية وسيلة اللعبة اللغوية "بروكون سقوار" (Broken Square) و"سنو بوليج" (Snow Balling) في تعليم اللغة العربية لترقية مهارة القراءة في الفصل العاشر بالمدرسة الثانوية الإسلامية منبع الأعلى. ومنهج هذا البحث هو " منهج كمي" (quantitative) ونوع هذا البحث "بحث تجريبيّ"، بشكل التصميم Pretest-Posttest Group Design . نتائج من درجة اختبار "ت" العلاقة هي 4،66 1،992 من مستوى دلالة 5%. وخلاصة البحث، أن موجدة فعالية تطبيق وسيلة اللعبة اللغوية "بروكون سقوار" (Broken Square) و"سنو بوليج" (Snow Balling) في تعليم اللغة العربية لترقية مهارة القراءة في الفصل العاشر بالمدرسة الثانوية الإسلامية منبع الأعلى فوروادادي كروبوكان. والفرضية في هذا البحث مقبولة.الكلمات المفتاحية: وسيلة اللعبة اللغوية، "بروكون سقوار" (Broken Square)، "سنو بوليج" (Snow AbstrakAliyah Madrasah Manbaul Alaa Purwodadi Grobogan is one of the Madrasas that teaches Arabic. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the application of Broken Square and Snow Balling language game media in learning Arabic in class X Madrasah Aliyah Manbaul Alaa. The approach of this research is a quantitative approach to experiment with the Pretest-Posttest Group Design design. In this study researchers collected data using test, observation and documentation methods. Experimental research is very important as a method made to find out the results of the reality of cause and effect. On this occasion, the researcher intends to find out the level of reading skills of students in class X Aliyah Madrasah Manbaul Alaa using Broken Square and Snow Balling language games, by comparing the control class and the experimental class. From this study, the results of the T.test correlation were 4.66 ˃ which is 1.992 at a significance level of 5%. Then it can be said that the language of Broken Square and Snow Balling is effective in learning Arabic to improve reading skills in class X Manbaul Aliyah Madrasah Alaa Purwodadi Grobogan. So, the hypothesis in this study was accepted.Keywords: Language Game Media, Snow Balling, Broken SquareKata Kunci: Media Permainan Bahasa, Snow Balling, Broken Square
Analysis of History Materials of Teaching Book History of Islamic Culture in Islamic Senior High School
Authors: Daud Safari 
Published: December 2018

AbstractConceptually, Islam history with its special historiography characteristic has got scientific recognition that is not only in Islamic side. In the context of history of Islamic culture, it has implication relates to an effort for harmonizing between historical material with some lessons or morar value to become a basis for morality to then turn into the soft-skill development. Thus, several things relate to the exposure and the understanding of Islamic history at school, need to be stated in detail to become the subject for further research. The interesting thing to learn is the fulfillment of historical needs regarding chronological aspects and historical material testing according to some criteria that apply in historical research methodology. This research belongs to the category of library research. In this case , research data sources, both those directly or indirectly related to written material published in textbooks do not meet the standards of scientific work. The easiest indicator to see is the absence of footnotes, interpretations and looks only moving from the reference book. again, this is related to the motive for the preparation of textbooks arrangements which are intended for purely educational purposes regardless to material validity to then turn to conclusion that the history textbook of Islamic culture is very difficult to be called as a history book, in the level of books and historical literature, it is in the tertiary position.Keywords : Analysis, Islamic Senior High School, History of Islamic culture
Renovación urbana y conflictos territoriales en las costas metropolitanas del Río de la Plata:
Authors: Wertheimer Marina Clara 
Published: December 2018

Los frentes acuáticos se han convertido en uno de los rasgos paisajísticos más valorados por el urbanismo neoliberal de los últimos tiempos. Este artículo aborda las transformaciones urbanas de las zonas costeras de tres municipios de la Región Metropolitana de Buenos Aires (Vicente López, Quilmes y Avellaneda) a lo largo de las últimas décadas, focalizando en los procesos de renovación urbana que afectan estas áreas desde 2004, aproximadamente y en los conflictos territoriales que a partir de entonces han emergido.
La información presentada es fruto de revisión bibliográfica y entrevistas en profundidad realizadas en el marco de una investigación doctoral en curso.
Sostenemos que los estados locales, en asociación con el sector privado, han orientado las iniciativas de refuncionalización costera, en buena medida, hacia la obtención de rentas locales, lo que viene despertando tensiones sociales en torno a lo que debería ser el ambiente y el espacio público en estos espacios costeros.
RELAÇÕES DE GÊNERO E PODER NA BELLE ÉPOQUE: ENTRE DISCURSOS E PRÁTICAS
Authors: Messias Maria Cláudia Novaes , Jacó-Vilela Ana Maria 
Published: December 2018

Este trabalho busca analisar as relações de gênero e poder que atravessavam as experiências das mulheres no período conhecido como Belle Époque, entre 1889 e 1922, na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, sendo resultado de revisão da literatura. A partir do contexto social, político, econômico e cultural da cidade, analisam-se os espaços sociais e discursos disponíveis para as mulheres, buscando compreender as múltiplas faces do ser mulher que acompanha o tecido social dessa trama. Assim, discute-se a questão feminina sob o ponto de vista dos médicos, o problema da educação, o ideal de família e o trabalho “fora do lar”. A perspectiva teórico-metodológica deste trabalho se insere no campo da história das mulheres e das relações de gênero.
Resiliência e Escolarização: processo de enfrentamento das adversidades vivenciadas no Ensino Médio
Authors: Negreiros Fauston , Rocha Janaina Oliveira 
Published: December 2018

Este estudo objetiva analisar a emergência da resiliência em meio à resolução de problemas no processo de escolarização de estudantes do Ensino Médio. Participaram 204 estudantes, 54,4% do sexo feminino e 44,6% do sexo masculino, com idade média de 15 anos. Utilizou-se um questionário sociodemográfico e uma pergunta norteadora. As análises foram feitas pelo software IramuteQ®. Os resultados indicam que os estudantes utilizam diversas estratégias de enfrentamento das adversidades, a maioria delas mediadas pela relação com o outro. Pontua-se a necessidade de investimento na formação docente, para que estes apreendam os sentidos do desenvolvimento da resiliência e na parceria família e escola, pois podem atuar como redes de proteção e promoção de uma educação integral e contextualizada.
ASSESSMENT OF HEMOSTASIS SYSTEM AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH HYPERCOAGULATION IN MEN WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME AND INITIAL DECREASE OF GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE
Authors: Hudiakova N. V. , Bezzubova T. G. , Pchelin I. Y. , Shishkin A. N. , Smirnov V. V. , Ivanov N. V. 
Published: December 2018

THE AIM. To assess hypercoagulation factors in men with initial decrease of glomerular filtration rate (IDGFR) and metabolic syndrome (MS) depending on carbohydrate metabolism disorders (CMD). PATIENTS AND METHODS. The study included 79 men with IDGFR and MS. Two groups were assessed: main – patients IDGFR and CMD with MS (n=44) and control group – with IDGFR and MS without CMD (n=35). Besides examinations for confirming IDGFR and CMD type specification all patients were performed following tests: estimated thrombodynamics factors, serum concentration of common testosterone (CT), leptin (L), adiponectin (A), D-dimer (DD), activated platelets count (CD41+CD62P+) (APC), PAI-1, homocysteine (H). We also studied polymorphism of the genes associated with hyperhomocysteinemia (HHC). RESULTS. 90% cases of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHC) in men with IDGFR and MS were associated with genetic defects in enzyme systems regulating this amino acid metabolism.. Patients from the main group in comparison with the subjects without CMD had significantly higher density of the fibrin clot (28012,21±1013,60 vs. 25209,15±1176,90 c.u., р<0,05), serum levels of PAI-1 (78,78±13,00 vs. 43,66±4,00 ng/ml, p<0,01), leptin (13,56±1,40 vs. 8,95±1,60 ng/ml, p<0,01) and lower serum concentration of CT (11,54±0,70 vs. 14,50±1,10 nmol/l, p<0,05). In men with IDGFR and MS with CMD we found positive correlations between activated platelets count and fasting glucose (rs=0,4; р<0,05), activated platelets count and postprandial glucose (rs=0,5; р<0,05), PAI-1 and adiponectin (rs=0,4; р<0,05), PAI-1 and leptin (rs=0,4; р<0,05), homocysteine and MCH (rs=0,5; р<0,05), homocysteine and density of the fibrin clot (rs=0,5; р<0,05), insulin and PAI-1 (rs=0,4; р<0,05), adiponectin and density of the fibrin clot (rs=0,4; р<0,05), hemoglobin and clot growth rate (rs=0,4; р<0,05), RDW and D-dimer (rs=0,4; р<0,05), RDW and density of the fibrin clot (rs=0,6; р<0,05); a negative correlation – between fasting glucose and adiponectin (rs= -0,4; р<0,05). CONCLUSION. CMD in men with IDGFR and MS are associated with procoagulant status via direct and indirect influence on hypercoaculation factors. The role of adiponectin in thrombogenesis is controversial and requires further investigations.
Age dependent mineral density in the bones of inhabitants of Karelia
Authors: Pashkova I. G. , Alexina L. F. 
Published: December 2018

Analysis of the age changes of mineral density in the lumbar vertebrae was carried out in 929 people (740 women and 189 men) at the age of 20 to 87 years, living in Karelia. Bone mineral density was evaluated by dual xray absorptiometry. In the women and in the men the spine bone mineralization peak was seen at the age of 22. The peak mineral density values were 5 % lower in the men and 1.6 % in the women in comparison with the data of the densitometer base. Considerable decrease of the bone mineral density in the vertebrae in the women began at the age of 41–45 years, and in the men – at the age of 51–55 years. Demineralization of the vertebrae in 75 year old women was 20 %, in the men it was 11.1 %, and in 81–87 year old women – 25.2 %.
Social, psychological and psychosomatic disorders in the people with combat stress in their medical histories
Authors: Gracheva L. V. , Sergeev V. A. 
Published: December 2018

The authors examined three groups of patients – military men (40 men in each group) with combat stress of different intensity in their medical histories (two main groups) and a control group – without combat stress. The results showed that the military men with a high level combat stress in the past (more than 5 years ago) more frequently demonstrated socialmental disadaptation against the background of subclinical chronic posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The conclusion is that this group of people requires dynamic followup and adequate medicopsychological aid.
Application of positron emission tomography with 18ffdg in combined diagnosis of anxiety and depressive disorders in elderly patients with chronic heart failure
Authors: Stanzhevsky A. A. , Vologdina I. V. , Poroshina E. G. , Petrov A. V. , Ilushchenko Yu. R. 
Published: December 2018

35 patients with chronic cardiac failure of the third functional class and anxiety depressive disorders were examined. The screening group consisted of 35 patients with chronic cardiac insufficiency without affective disorders. Evaluation of the clinical state was carried out by echocardiography, 6 minute walk and estimation of therapy compliance. Severity of the symptoms of anxiety and depressive disorders were studied by MMPI test, Beck`s test, Hamilton`s scale, Spielberg scale. PET with 18FFDG was carried out on PET tomographs «EcatExact 47» and «Ecat Exact HR+» (Siemens, Germany). It was found that anxiety depressive disorders have negative effect on the clinical state and the therapy compliance in the patients with chronic cardiac failure. Significant correlation between the clinical data and the brain 18FFDG PET results was seen in most cases.
Phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy in diagnosis of focal liver lesions
Authors: Bagnenko S. S. , Trufanov G. E. 
Published: December 2018

31PMR spectroscopy was carried out in 93 patients with various focal lesions in the liver and in the control group people. The method was proved to be noninvasive and highly informative in studying of biochemical processes in the liver on the cell level but some serious technical limitations hinder its usage in the clinical practice.