bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Family Systems Training for Medical Students
Authors: Thabrew Hiran 
Published: May 2018

Objectives: To evaluate whether a workshop on family systems delivered to medical students could improve participants’ understanding of families from a systemic point of view and help them recognise and address systemic issues that may be affecting their patients. Method: Fifth year (senior) medical students ( n = 36) from the University of Auckland participated in a 90-min workshop about family systems. Pre- and post-workshop, self-reported measures of knowledge and confidence were completed and qualitative feedback was also obtained from participants. Results: The workshop was well received and its interactive and role-play based nature were particularly appreciated. Participants reported gains in all explored areas of knowledge and understanding, suggesting that the workshop met its desired aims. Conclusions: This workshop is an educationally effective and expedient way to equip medical students with some knowledge and understanding about family systems. It may benefit their future work with individual patients and families.
Effect of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in patients with comorbid panic disorder and major depression
Authors: Kumar Saurabh , Singh Swarndeep , Parmar Arpit , Verma Rohit , Kumar Nand 
Published: May 2018

Objective: To explore the role of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) stimulation in the treatment of panic disorder with comorbid depression. Methods: The present study reports findings from retrospective analysis of 13 treatment-resistant patients diagnosed with comorbid panic disorder and depression, given 20 sessions of high-frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over left-DLPFC over a period of 1 month. Results: There was a significant reduction in both the panic and depressive symptom severity, assessed by applying Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) at baseline and after 20 sessions of rTMS. There was a 38% and 40% reduction of PDSS and HDRS scores, respectively, in the sample. The changes in PDSS and HDRS scores were not significantly correlated (ρ = –0.103, p = 0.737). Conclusions: High-frequency rTMS delivered at left-DLPFC may have a potential role in treatment of comorbid panic disorder and depression. Future studies done on a larger sample in a controlled environment are required to establish its role.
Inflammatory bowel disease-related fatigue is correlated with depression and gender
Authors: Keightley Philip , Reay Rebecca E , Pavli Paul , Looi Jeffrey CL 
Published: May 2018

Objectives: Fatigue is a common and disabling problem in inflammatory bowel disease. We sought to explore the possible determinants of inflammatory bowel disease-associated fatigue including demographic, psychological and disease variables. Methods: Surveys were distributed to 100 patients undergoing infliximab infusion for inflammatory bowel disease in an infusion lounge, assessing attachment style (Experiences in Close Relationships Revised scale), fatigue (Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy Fatigue – Fatigue Subscore), and depression and anxiety (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale). Disease severity was assessed via file review through an independent gastroenterologist rating (Harvey–Bradshaw Index). Results: There were 67 responses. Depression, as measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, was found to be highly correlated with fatigue (Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy Fatigue – Fatigue Subscore). Anxiety, insecure attachment, disease severity and female gender were moderately correlated with fatigue. In a hierarchical regression model, depression and female gender emerged as significant predictors of variance in fatigue scores. Conclusions: Depression was the strongest predictor of variance in fatigue scores. Gender as a cause of fatigue in inflammatory bowel disease requires further exploration. Attachment style, however, may still help clinicians to conceptualise help-seeking behaviour and clinician-patient relationships in medically unexplained symptoms.
Assessing workplace discrimination among medical practitioners in Western Sydney
Authors: Agrawal Ravindra , Foresti Katia , Rajadurai Jeremy , Zubaran Carlos 
Published: May 2018

Objectives: To investigate the presence of different forms of experiences of discrimination in the medical workplace. Methods: A total of 526 questionnaires were sent out, including a demographic survey form and the Everyday Discrimination Scale. Results: Experiences of being “treated with less courtesy than other people are” and feeling as “others acted if they’re better than [me]” were reported as having occurred with almost daily frequency by 4.1 % of respondents. Those whose main language was not English and classified as “non-whites” had significantly more experiences (“ever”) of discrimination in the medical workplace. The most commonly reported reasons for discrimination were ancestry (31.3%), “race” (28.1%), and gender (21.1%). Conclusions: The results of this survey indicate that a proportion of doctors experience discrimination in the workplace in Australia. This phenomenon was more commonly reported by doctors of minority status.
Comparative familial aggregation of bipolar disorder in patients with bipolar I and bipolar II disorders
Authors: Parker Gordon B , Romano Mia , Graham Rebecca K , Ricciardi Tahlia 
Published: May 2018

Objective: We sought to quantify the prevalence and differential prevalence of a bipolar disorder among family members of patients with a bipolar I or II disorder. Methods: The sample comprised 1165 bipolar and 1041 unipolar patients, with the former then sub-typed as having either a bipolar I or II condition. Family history data was obtained via an online self-report tool. Results: Prevalence of a family member having a bipolar disorder (of either sub-type) was distinctive (36.8%). Patients with a bipolar I disorder reported a slightly higher family history (41.2%) compared to patients with a bipolar II disorder (36.3%), and with both significantly higher than the rate of bipolar disorder in family members of unipolar depressed patients (18.5%). Conclusions: Findings support the view that bipolar disorder is heritable. The comparable rates in the two bipolar sub-types support the positioning of bipolar II disorder as a valid condition with strong genetic underpinnings.
What affects completion of the scholarly project? A survey of RANZCP trainees
Authors: Cheung Gary , Gale Chris , Menkes David B 
Published: May 2018

Objective: To explore trainee perception of what facilitates or delays completion of the RANZCP Scholarly Project (SP). Method: Of 182 currently registered New Zealand trainees, 33 (18%) completed an online questionnaire and three open-ended questions. Results: Most trainees agreed or strongly agreed that having protected time for research (87.5%) and access to an appropriate supervisor (87.9%) would facilitate the completion of their SP. Other college requirements were identified by most trainees (87.9%) as a factor delaying completion. Conclusions: Identifying and protecting research time and ensuring adequate supervision appear essential to improve the uptake and completion of this training requirement.
1. In the Home Setting
Authors: Sharkey Harold B. 
Published: May 2018

A Symposium The three papers presented here were given at a Forum of the New York Committee on Immigration and Naturalization, New York, N. Y., May 7, 1959. Mrs. Sonia S. Smick was Chairman of the Committee. Mr. Sharkey is Supervisor of the Division of Services to the Aged, Jewish Family Service, New York; he was formerly Director of Family Service, New York Association for New Americans. Mrs. Weinberg is Casework Supervisor, Foster Home Department, Jewish Child Care Association of New York. Mrs. Hochfeld is a Supervisor, International Social Service, American Branch, New York, N. Y.
Mean GOSLON Yardstick Scores After 3 Different Treatment Protocols—A Long-term Study of Patients With Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Peterson Petra , Mars Michael , Gowans Alan , Larson Ola , Neovius Erik , Henningsson Gunilla , Andlin-Sobocki Anna , Pegelow Marie , Lemberger Mathias , Raud-Westberg Liisi M. , Karsten Agneta L-A 
Published: May 2018

Objectives: (1) To evaluate dental arch relationships, with the Great Ormond Street, London and Oslo (GOSLON) Yardstick, of participants with Unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and treated with 1-stage palatal closure with 3 different surgical protocols (2) to compare the mean GOSLON ratings with other CLP centers. Design: Retrospective study of medical charts and dental models. Setting: Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. Participants: Eighty-seven patients with UCLP operated with 1-stage palatal repair. Thirty-five were operated with Veau-Wardill-Kilner (VWK) technique 1975 to 1986, 31 with minimal incision technique (MIT) from 1987 to 1997, and 21 according to MIT with muscle reconstruction (MITmr) 1998 to 2004. Interventions: Dental casts at ages 5 (n = 87), 7 to 8 (n = 27), 10 (n = 81), 16 (n = 61), and 19 (n = 35) years were rated by 10 assessors with the GOSLON Yardstick. Information of other interventions was retrieved from patients’ charts. Main outcome measures: Mean GOSLON ratings. Results: A total of 82% of the participants were rated as having excellent to satisfactory outcome. Weighted κ statistics for the 10 assessors was good for inter-rater agreement and good/very good for intra-rater agreement. Conclusions: The mean GOSLON score in the Stockholm overall material at age 10 was 2.67. The VWK technique resulted in a greater need of orthognathic surgery than the MIT ( P < .01). The MITmr did not produce better dental arch relationships than MIT at age 5 ( P < .05). The best dental arch relationships were found in the MIT group at 10 years, mean 2.58, which is not significantly different from other centers with excellent outcome except Gothenburg and Vienna.
Association Between DLX4 Polymorphisms and Nonsyndromic Orofacial Clefts in a Chinese Han Population
Authors: He Miao , Bian Zhuan 
Published: May 2018

Objective: Distal-less 4 ( DLX4) was recently identified as the causative gene for a syndromic form of cleft lip with or without cleft palate, and further biological analyses have established the importance of Dlx4 gene in craniofacial development, which suggested DLX4 as a promising candidate to further investigate any possible association between DLX4 polymorphisms and risk to nonsyndromic orofacial clefts (NSOFCs). Design: Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with minor allele frequency >5% in the Han Chinese population which locate in the 5′ flanking region, 5′/3′-untranslated region, or coding region with nonsynonymous changes in DLX4 were selected. Four SNPs (rs58769681, rs1058562, rs1058564, and rs8066341) were thus included in the following genotyping using the TaqMan 5′-exonuclease allelic discrimination assay in a case–control cohort with 1522 individuals. Results: None of SNPs were associated with NSOFCat the allele and genotype levels in general and stratified single-marker analysis, including genotypic distributions under different modes of inheritance. In linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis, we found strong LD ( r 2 > 0.8) between any 2 of the SNPs, respectively. Further haplotyping identified haplotypes C-C (formed by rs1058564 and rs1058562) and C-C-A (formed by rs1058564, rs1058562, and rs58769681) which reached the significance threshold ( P < .05); nevertheless, none of them survived the multiple comparison correction. Conclusions: Our findings indicated the hypothesis that DLX4 variants contributing to NSOFC risk should be interpreted with caution. Further replications in diverse ethnic origins and larger cohorts are still warranted.
Body mass index and in-hospital postoperative complications following primary total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Gurunathan Usha , Anderson Cameron , Berry Kate E , Whitehouse Sarah L , Crawford Ross W 
Published: May 2018

Background: The influence of obesity measured in terms of body mass index (BMI) on the complication rates following total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a matter of debate. Methods: This retrospective study conducted at a tertiary referral centre at Brisbane, Australia, examines the association between BMI and in-hospital postoperative complications, length of operating time and duration of hospital stay in 964 patients, who underwent THA from 2006 to 2010. Results: Amongst patients undergoing primary THA, when compared to the normal weight patients, those with BMI between 25 kg/m2 and 29.9 kg/m2 (overweight) and those with BMI between 35 kg/m2 and 39.9 kg/m2 (obese class II) had lower odds of perioperative complications (odds ratio [OR]: 0.62 (95% confidence intervals [CI], 0.43–0.92, p = 0.016) and OR: 0.60 (95% CI, 0.36– 0.99, p = 0.047 respectively). Patients with BMI less than or equal to 40 kg/m2 were also associated with significantly lower odds of cardiac complications ( p = 0.02). With unadjusted regression analysis, it was noted that those with BMI ≥40 kg/m2 had the highest odds of developing infectious complications (OR 2.68, 95% CI, 1.08–6.65, p < 0.05). As the BMI increased, there was a statistically significant increase in length of operating time ( p < 0.001). Conclusion: There is a significant impact of BMI on the occurrence of perioperative complications following THA. Compared to normal weight category, the overweight and obese class II patients had a lower likelihood of developing overall, especially cardiac complications. Length of operating time increases along with an increase in BMI.
Cement mantle thickness does not influence serum or local gentamicin concentrations in hybrid total hip arthroplasty: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: van IJperen Willem , Van Quickenborne Damien , Buyl Ronald , Scheerlinck Thierry 
Published: May 2018

Introduction: We investigated the in vivo gentamicin elution kinetics of Hi-Fatigue Gentamicin Bone Cement (AAP Biomaterials GmbH) in serum and drain fluid after hybrid hip arthroplasty and the relationship with cement mantle thickness. Methods: We compared in a randomised, non-blinded prospective study, the local and systemic gentamicin concentrations in 2 groups. The thin cement mantle group ( n = 16) received a stem implanted line-to-line with the broach, whereas the thick group ( n = 14) had an undersized stem. Gentamicin concentrations were measured in drain fluid and serum at set intervals for 3 days postoperatively. Results: In both groups, local gentamicin concentrations were similar. After a high initial burst above the minimal inhibitory concentration (thin: 57.2 mg/L (SD 34.4), thick: 54.9 mg/L (SD 19.9), p = 0.823) local gentamicin concentrations declined rapidly. In both groups, serum concentrations never exceeded toxic levels (maximum 1.08 mg/L). Conclusion: In hybrid total hip arthroplasty, Hi-Fatigue Gentamicin Bone Cement resulted in effective and safe gentamicin concentrations. Clinical trial protocol number: PMCI 12/02.
Genetic variants in macrophage colony-stimulating factor are associated with risk of renal cell carcinoma in a Chinese population
Authors: Li Xiao , Qin Zhiqiang , Xue Jianxin , Zhang Jianzhong , Zheng Yuxiao , Xu Weizhang , Xu Ting , Zou Qing 
Published: May 2018

Objective: This study was performed to investigate whether CSF-1 polymorphisms influenced the risk of renal cell carcinoma in a Chinese population. Methods: The potentially functional polymorphisms in CSF-1 (rs333951 and rs2050462) were genotyped in this hospital-based case-control study, comprising 1512 renal cell carcinoma patients and 1691 controls in a Chinese population using the TaqMan assay. Furthermore, odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to estimate such an association. The logistic regression was used to assess the association between these genetic polymorphisms and the risk of renal cell carcinoma. Results: We found the genotype and allele frequency distribution of rs2050462 were significantly associated with the increasing risk of renal cell carcinoma ( P = 0.007). However, no statistical significance was found in the association between CSF-1 rs333951 polymorphism and the susceptibility of renal cell carcinoma ( P = 0.589). The analysis of combined risk alleles revealed that patients with two to four risk alleles showed no elevated risk of renal cell carcinoma compared to those with zero to one risk alleles (adjusted OR 1.09; 95% CI 0.95, 1.26; P = 0.226). Furthermore, compared with the genotypes containing A allele (AC and AA), the patients carrying the CC genotype in rs2050462 had a significantly greater prevalence of clinical stage II and IV (adjusted OR 0.67; 95% CI 0.47, 0.94; P = 0.021; adjusted OR 0.50; 95% CI 0.29, 0.88; P = 0.015, respectively). Conclusions: The functional rs2050462 in CSF-1 might have a substantial influence on the renal cell carcinoma susceptibility and evolution in the Chinese population.
Discordant prostate specific antigen test results despite WHO assay standardization
Authors: Boegemann Martin , Arsov Christian , Hadaschik Boris , Herkommer Kathleen , Imkamp Florian , Nofer Jerzy-Roch , Gerß Joachim , Albers Peter , Semjonow Axel 
Published: May 2018

Introduction: Total PSA (tPSA) and free PSA (fPSA) are the most commonly used biomarkers for early detection of prostate cancer. Despite standardization efforts, many available PSA assays may still produce discordant results. In the present study, we compared four PSA assays calibrated to the WHO standards 96/670 and 96/668 for tPSA and fPSA, respectively. Methods: Within the scope of the Prostate Cancer Early Detection Study Based on a ‘‘Baseline’’ PSA Value in Young Men (PROBASE), we tested tPSA and fPSA in serum samples from 50 patients in the four different PROBASE sites using four WHO-calibrated assays from Roche (Elecsys, Cobas), Beckman-Coulter (Access-II) and Siemens (ADVIA Centaur). The comparison was performed using the Passing–Bablok regression method. Results: Compared to Access, the median tPSA levels for Centaur, Elecsys, and Cobas were +3%, +11%–20%, and +17%–23%, respectively, while for median fPSA levels the differences for Centaur, Elecsys, and Cobas were +49%, +29%–31%, and +22%, respectively. Discussion: Despite all investigated assays being WHO-calibrated, the Elecsys and Cobas tPSA assays produced considerably higher results than the Access and Centaur assays. Differences in fPSA-recovery between all investigated assays were even more pronounced. When applying the tPSA cutoff of 3.1 μg/L recommended for WHO-calibrated assays, the use of higher calibrated assays may lead to unnecessary prostate biopsies. Conversely, if the historical threshold of 4 μg/L is applied when using WHO-calibrated assays, it could lead to falsely omitted prostate biopsies.
Copeptin to rule out myocardial infarction in Blacks versus Caucasians
Authors: Beri Neil , Daniels Lori B , Jaffe Allan , Mueller Christian , Anand Inder , Peacock W Frank , Hollander Judd E , DeFilippi Christopher , Schreiber Donald , McCord James , Limkakeng Alexander T , Wu Alan H B , Apple Fred S , Diercks Deborah B , Nagurney John T , Nowak Richard M , Cannon Chad M , Clopton Paul , Neath Sean-Xavier , Christenson Robert H , Hogan Christopher , Vilke Gary , Maisel Alan 
Published: May 2018

Background: Copeptin in combination with troponin has been shown to have incremental value for the early rule-out of myocardial infarction, but its performance in Black patients specifically has never been examined. In light of a potential for wider use, data on copeptin in different relevant cohorts are needed. This is the first study to determine whether copeptin is equally effective at ruling out myocardial infarction in Black and Caucasian races. Methods: This analysis of the CHOPIN trial included 792 Black and 1075 Caucasian patients who presented to the emergency department with chest pain and had troponin-I and copeptin levels drawn. Results: One hundred and forty-nine patients were diagnosed with myocardial infarction (54 Black and 95 Caucasian). The negative predictive value of copeptin at a cut-off of 14 pmol/l (as in the CHOPIN study) for myocardial infarction was higher in Blacks (98.0%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 96.2–99.1%) than Caucasians (94.1%, 95% CI 92.1–95.7%). The sensitivity at 14 pmol/l was higher in Blacks (83.3%, 95% CI 70.7–92.1%) than Caucasians (53.7%, 95% CI 43.2–64.0%). After controlling for age, hypertension, heart failure, chronic kidney disease and body mass index in a logistic regression model, the interaction term had a P value of 0.03. A cut-off of 6 pmol/l showed similar sensitivity in Caucasians as 14 pmol/l in Blacks. Conclusions: This is the first study to identify a difference in the performance of copeptin to rule out myocardial infarction between Blacks and Caucasians, with increased negative predictive value and sensitivity in the Black population at a cut-off of 14 pmol/l. This also holds true for non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and, although numbers were small, similar trends exist in the normal troponin population. This may have significant implications for early rule-out strategies using copeptin.
Preoperative PROMIS Scores Predict Postoperative Outcomes After Primary ACL Reconstruction
Authors: Chen Raymond E. , Papuga M. Owen , Voloshin Ilya , Nicandri Gregg T. , Goldblatt John P. , Bronstein Robert D. , Rouse Lucien M. , Maloney Michael D. 
Published: May 2018

Background: PROMIS (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System) scores in patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction have not been fully described in the literature to date. The ability of preoperative patient-reported outcome scores to directly predict postoperative outcomes in patients who undergo primary ACL reconstruction is unknown. Hypothesis: Postoperative PROMIS physical function (PF), pain interference (PI), and depression (D) scores in patients who undergo ACL reconstruction will show improvement when compared with preoperative scores. Additionally, preoperative PROMIS PF, PI, and D scores will predict which patients will not achieve a minimal clinically important difference (MCID) postoperatively. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 233 patients who underwent primary ACL reconstruction between 2015 and 2016 and had completed PROMIS measures both preoperatively (within 60 days of surgery) and postoperatively (100-240 days after surgery) were included in this study. PROMIS PF, PI, and D scores were compared. Accuracy analyses were performed to determine whether preoperative PROMIS scores from each domain could predict postoperative achievement of MCID in the same domain. Cutoff scores were then calculated. Results: PROMIS PF, PI, and D scores all showed a significant improvement after ACL reconstruction (all P < .001). Preoperative scores from all 3 PROMIS domains showed a strong ability to predict clinically meaningful improvement, as defined by MCID, with areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve from 0.72 to 0.84. Optimal cutoffs for preoperative PROMIS scores showed that patients with a PF score of <42.5, PI score of >56.2, or D score of >44.8 were more likely to achieve MCID. Conclusion: PROMIS PF, PI, and D scores improved significantly in patients who underwent primary ACL reconstruction. Preoperative PROMIS PF, PI, and D scores were highly predictive of outcome in the early postoperative period. The reported cutoff scores showed high probability in predicting which patients would and would not achieve a clinically meaningful improvement.