bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glypican-3 promotes cell proliferation and tumorigenesis through up-regulation of β-catenin expression in lung squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wang Dongchang , Gao Yan , Zhang Yu , Wang Lifei , Chen Gang 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
As a cell surface proteoglycan anchored by glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol, Glypican-3 (GPC3) is reported to be highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to promote cell proliferation and tumorigenesis through activating Wnt/β-catenin signalling. GPC3 is also overexpressed in lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), but its effects and mechanisms in the progression of lung SCC remain unknown. The present study aims to explore the role and molecular mechanism of GPC3 in the occurrence and development of lung SCC. Immunohistochemistry, Western blot (WB) and real-time PCR (RT-PCR) assays were used to determine the expression patterns of GPC3 in lung SCC tissues and cells. MTT, flow cytometry and in vivo xenotransplantation assays were used to evaluate the influence of GPC3 on the growth, apoptosis and tumorigenesis of lung SCC cells. The results showed that GPC3 expression levels in lung SCC tissues and cells were significantly elevated, and the high expression of GPC3 significantly promoted cell growth and tumorigenesis and repressed cell apoptosis, as well as increased β-catenin expression. Moreover, knockdown of β-catenin obviously weakened GPC3 role in the promotion of cell proliferation and tumorigenesis, as well as the inhibition of cell apoptosis. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that up-regulation of GPC3 accelerates the progression of lung SCC in a β-catenin-dependent manner. Our study provides a theoretical basis for GPC3/β-catenin as a novel diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for lung SCC.
Lipid metabolism participates in human membranous nephropathy identified by whole-genome gene expression profiling
Authors: Wu Di , Yu Zhenxiang , Zhao Songchen , Qu Zhihui , Sun Weixia , Jiang Yanfang 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
A genomics approach is an effective way to understand the possible mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of disease. However, very limited results have been published regarding whole-genome expression analysis of human idiopathic membranous nephropathy (iMN) using renal tissue. In the present study, gene expression profiling using renal cortex tissue from iMN patients and healthy controls was conducted; differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were filtered out, and 167 up- and 291 down-regulated genes were identified as overlapping DEGs (ODEGs). Moreover, enrichment analysis and protein–protein network construction were performed, revealing enrichment of genes mainly in cholesterol metabolism and arachidonic acid metabolism, among others, with 38 hub genes obtained. Furthermore, we found several associations between circulating lipid concentrations and hub gene signal intensities in the renal cortex. Our findings indicate that lipid metabolism, including cholesterol metabolism and arachidonic acid metabolism, may participate in iMN pathogenesis through key genes, including apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1), apolipoprotein B (APOB), apolipoprotein C3 (APOC3), cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), and phospholipase A2 group XIIB (PLA2G12B).
Effects of Signs on Word Learning by Children With Developmental Language Disorder
Authors: van Berkel-van Hoof Lian , Hermans Daan , Knoors Harry , Verhoeven Ludo 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
This study investigated the effects of signs on word learning by children with developmental language disorder (DLD), in comparison with typically developing (TD) children, and the relation between a possible sign effect and children's linguistic and cognitive abilities.

Method

Nine- to 11-year-old children with DLD (
n
= 40) and TD children (
n
= 26) participated in a word learning experiment. Half of the spoken pseudowords were taught with a pseudosign with learning outcomes being assessed in accuracy and speed. To investigate whether sign effects would hold for children with varying linguistic and cognitive abilities, we measured children's linguistic (vocabulary, syntax) and cognitive (divided attention, working memory [WM], lexical access) skills.

Results
The children with DLD showed a positive sign effect in both accuracy and speed. For the TD children, there was no effect of signs on word learning. Principal component analyses of the linguistic and cognitive measures evidenced a 4-component solution (language skills, visual WM, verbal WM, and executive attention). Repeated-measures analyses of covariance with the component scores as covariates yielded no significant interactions with the linguistic and cognitive components.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that children with DLD benefit from signs for word learning, regardless of their linguistic and cognitive abilities. This implies that using sign-supported speech as a means to improve the vocabulary skills of children with DLD is effective, even still at the age of 9–11 years.
Self-Compassion, Metabolic Control and Health Status in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes: A UK Observational Study
Authors: Morrison Amy E , Zaccardi Francesco , Chatterjee Sudesna , Brady Emer , Doherty Yvonne , Robertson Noelle , Hadjiconstantinou Michelle , Daniels Lois , Hall Andrew , Khunti Kamlesh , Davies Melanie J 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Aims Self-compassion is a modifiable characteristic, linked with psychological well being and intrinsic motivation to engage in positive health behaviours. We aimed to explore levels of self-compassion in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and their association with levels of depression, diabetes-related distress and glycaemic control.
Methods A cross-sectional study in 176 patients with T2DM in Leicester, UK, using three self-report questionnaires: the Self Compassion Scale (SCS); Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS-17). Demographic data, medical history and blood samples were collected.
Results Majority of participants were male (n=120, 68.2%), with median [IQR] age and HbA1c of 66 [60, 71] years and 7.3 [6.7, 8.0] %, respectively. Multivariable analysis adjusting for age, gender, ethnicity and diabetes duration revealed significant association of all three scores with HbA1c: per one standard deviation increase of each score, a -0.16% reduction in HbA1c for SCS (p=0.027), 0.21% increase for PHQ-9 (p=0.012) and 0.33% increase for DDS-17 (p<0.001).
Conclusions Higher levels of self-compassion and lower levels of depressive symptoms were associated with significantly better long-term diabetes control. These results reinforce the importance of emphasis on psychological parameters, including self-compassion, in the multi-disciplinary management of T2DM. We identify this as a potential area for intervention in UK practice.
Management of Dysphagia in Acquired and Progressive Neurologic Conditions
Authors: Ciucci Michelle , Hoffmeister Jesse , Wheeler-Hegland Karen 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAs the act of deglutition involves much of the central and peripheral nervous systems, neurologic disease can affect swallowing behaviors ranging from mild to profound in severity. The key in working with neurogenic dysphagia is to have a solid foundation in normal swallowing processes, including neural control. Within this framework, then, understanding how the neurologic condition affects neural control will guide hypothesis-based assessment and evidence-based treatment. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of evaluation and treatment of neurogenic dysphagia in adult populations as well to propose assessment of co-occurring speech, language, and airway compromise. Furthermore, it is vital to be familiar with ethical decision making and end-of-life issues. Continuing education in the form of research articles, conferences, and professional discussion boards is useful in maintaining a high level of service delivery. Whenever possible, an inter- or transdisciplinary approach is recommended.
Critical Care Management of Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Bharadwaj Suparna , Naik Shweta 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant public health problem. It is the leading cause of death and disability despite advancements in its prevention and treatment. Treatment of a patient with head injury begins on the site of trauma and continues even during her/his transportation to the trauma care center. Knowledge of secondary brain injuries and timely management of those in the prehospital period can significantly improve the outcome and decrease mortality after TBI. Intensive care management of TBI is guided by Brain Trauma Foundation guidelines (4th edition). Seventy percent of blunt trauma patients will also suffer from some degree of head injury. The management of these extracranial injuries may influence the neurological outcomes. Damage control tactics may improve early mortality (control hemorrhage) and delayed mortality (minimize systemic inflammation and organ failure). Neuromonitoring plays an important role in the management of TBI because it is able to assess multiple aspects of cerebral physiology and guide therapeutic interventions intended to prevent or minimize secondary injury. Bedsides, multimodality monitoring predominantly comprises monitoring modalities for cerebral blood flow, cerebral oxygenation, and cerebral electrical activity. Establishing a reliable prognosis early after injury is notoriously difficult. However, TBI is a much more manageable injury today than it has been in the past, but it remains a major health problem.
The syntactic categories of adverbials in Isbukun Bunun
Authors: Wu Hsiao-hung Iris 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis paper examines the morpho-syntactic properties of elements that realize adverbial meanings in Isbukun Bunun and investigates how its adverbs are syntactically represented. I show that most adverbial meanings are realized as verbs in this language, with only a few adverbial expressions realized as adverbs in the traditional sense. Specifically, the adverbial verbs, just like typical verbs, have to occur sentence-initially, take inflectional morphology and attract cliticization, whereas the genuine adverbs are invariable in form and exhibit relatively free distribution. The paper also presents evidence which bears on the debate concerning the syntax of adverbials and shows that a hybrid treatment is needed in which phrasal adverbs are adjoined to clauses while adverbial verbs are located in strictly-ordered functional projections in the backbone of the clause.
Indirect tone-prominence interaction in Kunming tone sandhi
Authors: Lin Hui-shan 
Published: June 2019

AbstractKunming exhibits a special kind of interaction between tone and prominence whereby the prosodic headedness is shown to play an indirect role in tone sandhi. Due to higher-ranked tonal faithfulness constraints, lower tones, which are universally unfavored in the head position, do not change to higher tones, and higher tones, which are universally unfavored in the non-head position, do not change to lower tones. Nonetheless, though the unfavored tone-(non-)head correlation does not directly trigger tone sandhi, it indirectly decides whether tone sandhi will take place. Falling tones, inter-syllabic tone segment disagreement, and tonal combinations with identical contours are marked tonal structures in the language. But not all these structures result in tone sandhi. The penalization of these structures is tied to an unfavored tone-(non-)head correlation; only when an undesired tone-(non-)head correlation is involved are the marked tonal structures penalized. The indirect tone-(non-)head interaction observed in Kunming is special but not unique to the language as a similar correlation is found in the Chinese dialects of Dongshi Hakka and Beijing Mandarin.
Correlations and forces in sheared fluids with or without quenching
Authors: Rohwer Christian M , Maciołek Anna , Dietrich S , Krüger Matthias 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Spatial correlations play an important role in characterizing material properties related to non-local effects. Inter alia, they can give rise to fluctuation-induced forces. Equilibrium correlations in fluids provide an extensively studied paradigmatic case, in which their range is typically bounded by the correlation length. Out of equilibrium, conservation laws have been found to extend correlations beyond this length, leading, instead, to algebraic decays. In this context, here we present a systematic study of the correlations and forces in fluids driven out of equilibrium simultaneously by quenching and shearing, both for non-conserved as well as for conserved Langevin-type dynamics. We identify which aspects of the correlations are due to shear, due to quenching, and due to simultaneously applying both, and how these properties depend on the correlation length of the system and its compressibility. Both shearing and quenching lead to long-ranged correlations, which, however, differ in their nature as well as in their prefactors, and which are mixed up by applying both perturbations. These correlations are employed to compute non-equilibrium fluctuation-induced forces in the presence of shear, with or without quenching, thereby generalizing the framework set out by Dean and Gopinathan. These forces can be stronger or weaker compared to their counterparts in unsheared systems. In general, they do not point along the axis connecting the centers of the small inclusions considered to be embedded in the fluctuating medium. Since quenches or shearing appear to be realizable in a variety of systems with conserved particle number, including active matter, we expect these findings to be relevant for experimental investigations.
Natural Obstacles and Biological Salmon Behaviors Link to Modelling Approaches of Computational Intelligence Procedures for the Standard System
Authors: Afandi A.N. , Fadlika Irham , Rahmawati Yuni , Alief Sias Quota , Aripriharta  , Sulistyorini Yunis , Hani Slamet 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Since classical mathematical approaches have been applied to many technical and theoretical problems, they are useful and accurate for searching solutions even they suffer from large systems and multi spaces. Recently, many algorithms have been proposed for introducing new approaches conducted to phenomena or entities in nature. Many biological behaviors and mechanisms are adopted to replace classical methods which are presented in various names as performed for the natural inspiration. In these works, the novel computational intelligence is explored in Artificial Salmon Tracking Algorithm (ASTA). ASTA is developed based on the natural obstacles and biological Salmon behaviors link to modeling approaches of computational intelligence procedures. Moreover, ASTA is applied to a standard system model considering environmental requirements for the global warming parameter. The system process is supported by suppliers to fulfill a sustainable operation while the productions are also subjected to reach clean and green targets. In these studies, ASTA is also used to optimize the system and to get an optimal portion of the balanced combination of the system results. The biological Salmon behavior presented in ASTA is also tested based on technical requirements; the results show that the solution is produced dynamically to feed the operation. The system model is balanced in various combination portions of the solution while ASTA has been demonstrated clearly to search for optimal solutions.
The Effect of Mass Ratio between NaOH to k-Carrageenan and Alkalization Temperature on Carboxymethyl k-Carrageenan Synthesis
Authors: Kartika Kusumaningrum Irma , Marfuah Siti , Fadilah Mira N , Nazriati  , Ricky Wijaya Anugrah , Kurniawan Fredi 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This article presents a study on the effect of the mass ratio between NaOH to k-carrageenan variation and alkalization temperature variation, on the synthesis of carboxymethyl k-carrageenan (CMKC). This research was done in two-step (1) Alkalization of k-carrageenan with NaOH as reactant on several mass ratios between NaOH and k-carrageenan, and optimization of the alkalization temperature, followed by etherification of alkoxy k-carrageenan with trichloroacetic acid (TCA) as etherification reactant (2) characterization of the CMKC properties including the degree of substitution (DS) and FTIR spectrum. The results showed that CMKC was synthesized, indicated by the appearance of carbonyl absorption peaks in the FTIR spectrum of CMKC, around 1650 and 1410 cm−1. The mass ratio between NaOH and k-carrageenan affected to the DS value of CMKC that was synthesized, the mass ratio between NaOH and k-carrageenan that had the highest DS value, was 7.2:1 The alkalization temperature also influenced the DS value of CMKC, the optimal alkalization temperature is 40 °C
Antibacterial Activity of Rhinacanthus nasutus L. Kurz ointment to Inhibit Staphylococcus aureus Growth Using In Vitro Dilution Method
Authors: Lukiati Betty , Nugrahaningsih  , Prabaningtyas Sitoresmi , Aribah Dina , Nur Arifah Siti 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This study aimed at examining the antibacterial activity of R. nasutus ointment in different concentration of S. aureus bacteria growth by in vitro dilution method. The antibacterial activity of R. nasutus ointment was determined based on minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) from R. nasutus ointment against S. aureus bacteria. The results showed R. nasutus ointment that the MIC value was 250,000 μg/mL up, whereas the MBC was 125,000 µg/mL. The variation of R. nasutus ointment concentration significantly has a relation with S. aureus bacterial growth. These results indicated that R. nasutus ointment potentially used as an alternative medicine for skin disease because it has an ability as antibacterial.
Trichomes and Stomata Diversity in Soybean (Glycine max L. Merill) Lines
Authors: Amaliah N , Zubaidah S , Kuswantoro H 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Modified epidermal tissues on the leaf surfaces, such as trichomes and stomata, are very useful for plants because it helps prevent pest attacks and support photosynthesis. The characteristics of a plant can be determined based on an observation conducted on trichomes and stomata to improve the genetic potentials of the plant. This research aimed to discern the diversity of trichomes and stomata in 10 soybean lines and determine the correlation between the characters. This experimental study employed a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results showed that there were significant differences in all leaf anatomical characters including the number of trichomes and stomata, as well as the length and the width of the trichomes and stomata. Some observed characters were also correlated. Positive correlations were found between the number of stomata and the width of the trichomes, the width of the lower stomata and the length of the trichomes, and the width of the upper stomata and the width of the trichomes. On the other hand, a negative correlation was observed between the length of the stomata and the number of trichomes.
Analysis of Nutritional Content of Fresh Sea Worm Honingka (Siphonosoma australe-australe) as a Potential Food Source for Communities
Authors: Rahayu Rahmi , Miftachul Hudha Atok , Sukarsono  , Hardian Permana Fendy 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Honingka worms (Siphonosoma australe-australe) can be found in the Wakatobi Islands, Southeast Sulawesi. Honingka worms have been used as food traditional medicine. Honingka worms have never been tested in terms of nutritional content. This study aimed to determine the nutritional content of wet worms. This research was conducted at Testing Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Halu Oleo Kendari University from September to October 2017. This study was descriptive quantitative research. The data were analyzed through descriptive analysis. The results showed that the nutrient content average of wet Honingka was 17.3880% protein, 1.2766% lipid, 79.5928% water, 0.6408% ash, and crude fiber of 0.5798%. The results showed that these worms in fresh/wet portions can have high levels of protein, coarse fiber, and high-water content, low ash, and non-fat content. This study showed that the fresh/wet Honingka worm has potential as a food source for the community.
The Effectiveness Comparison of Single Bulb Garlic Extract for Antibacterial Agent P. aeruginosa
Authors: Fitriana N , Ainayya A A , Pamasyah F A , Anam M A , Lestari S R 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Organosulfur compounds (Allicin, Ajoene) in single bulb garlic are responsible for antibacterial agents. Antibacterial activity by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inhibiting the formation of the bacterial cell membrane. P. aeruginosa is one of the bacteria that has LPS and belongs to the group Gram-negative bacteria. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness ratio of gel preparation and not gel extract of single bulb garlic juice (SBGJ) as an antibacterial agent for P. aeruginosa. The method used began by making gel and not gel preparations, stability test of gel preparation, bacterial preparation and culture, antibacterial test, and identification of bacterial morphological damage. The results showed that the gel preparation with SBGJ 100% has the most appropriate characteristics for a good gel preparation. The bacteria were positively identified P. aeruginosa bacteria and characterized by stem-shaped bacteria and red in Gram staining. The gel preparation and not gel have an antibacterial power of P. aeruginosa based on the statistical analysis performed. Gel preparations with 100% concentrations have significantly different antibacterial power levels compared with other preparations, even with control treatment using Ceftazidime. Damage of P. aeruginosa bacteria with 100% gel treatment showed that all bacteria had shrunk so that bacteria as if rounded, known through observation using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
The effect of Cu2O thickness in Perovskite Solar Cell to Power Conversion Efficiency and Its Stability
Authors: Maryam Siti , Mufti Nandang , Fuad Abdulloh , Adi Setio Laksono Yoyok , Taufiq Ahmad , Sunaryono  
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Perovskite Solar Cell (PSC) methylammonium lead halide (CH3NH3PbI3) base is one of promising solar cell that has inexpensive materials, relatively simple and versatile fabrication high power conversion efficiency (PCE). However, perovskite CH3NH3PbI3 has relatively low stability due to very sensitive to polar solvents such as water, where this compound will easily decompose into PbI2 quickly. Some attempts have been made by researchers to increase the stability for example by adding Hole transport material (HTM) to prevent corrosion of the sensitizer, enhance the resistance to degradation CH3NH3PbI3 and improve the stability against moisture. Cuprous oxide (Cu2O) is ones of p-type semiconductor with low electron affinity and very high hole mobility that is a potential for hole transport material in heterojunction based solar cells. The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of Cu2O thickness as HTM in PCE and stability of perovskite solar cell. The electron transport layer (ETL) of TiO2 was synthesized by a screen-printing method on fluorine tin oxide (FTO) substrate. Perovskite CH3NH3PbI3 was deposited on ETL by one step spin coating, while Cu2O was synthesized by Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD) on another FTO substrate with 5 times and 10 times dip. The stability of PSC measured by a comparison between PCE after synthesized and after stored for two months. The increasing of HTM Cu2O Thickness raise the PCE and stability of PSC.