bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ПРОГНОЗУВАННЯ ЙМОВІРНОСТІ ЕЛЕКТРОКОРОЗІЇ ТРУБОПРОВОДІВ У РІЗНИХ ТИПАХ ҐРУНТІВ
Authors: Pruslipska G.M. 
Published: August 2018

Аналіз проблеми впливу змінного струму на трубопроводи дає змогу зробити висновки про те, що цей процес вивчено частково. Актуальним і найбільш надійним способом детального вивчення електрокорозії змінним струмом трубопроводів у ґрунтових умовах є використання комплексного підходу, що базується на аналітичному вирішенні цієї проблеми та проведенні експериментальних досліджень. Визначено рівень впливу основних фізичних факторів, таких як наведена напруга, електричний опір ґрунтового електроліту – на величину густини змінного струму та залежність зростання її значення від площі дефекту у захисному покритті.
Архітектурно-планувальні особливості формування вуличних насаджень міста Львова
Authors: Kurnytska M. P. 
Published: August 2018

Проаналізовано принципи, прийоми та планувальні особливості озеленення вздовж основних вулиць Франківського району Львова. Здійснено огляд сучасних досліджень у сфері вуличного озеленення. Наведено технічну характеристику десяти вулиць міста за їх параметрами, планувальною структурою та орієнтацією за сторонами світу. Вивчено породний склад рядових посадок, який загалом налічує 20 видів дерев. Проаналізовано їх розміщення, умови зростання, кількісні та якісні показники озеленення досліджених об'єктів. Виявлено присутність у цьому районі всіх найтиповіших прийомів вуличного озеленення. Найчастіше трапляються посадки одного ряду дерев між проїзною частиною і тротуаром чи лише смуги газону. Значне переважання дерев у лунках виявлено за умов щільної забудови району. Встановлено залежність рівня озеленення обраних вулиць від характеру і часу забудови: у старій частині довжина ділянок дороги зі зеленими насадженнями змінюється в межах 46,1–60,6 %, тоді як нові мікрорайони з магістральними дорогами добре озеленені майже по всій довжині. Виявлено порушення щодо розмірів садивних площ, а також розташування насаджень вздовж вулиць. Оцінено функціональну здатність придорожніх зелених смуг. Зафіксовано проблеми під час проектування нових посадок. Узагальнено основні недоліки озеленення вздовж відібраних для дослідження вулиць.
Vers des fondements de la rationalité complexe pour l’analyse de la politique publique : les avatars du processus décisionnel
Authors: Mballa Louis Valentin 
Published: August 2018

L’objectif de cet article est de scruter les rationalités inhérentes dans le cycle des politiques publiques, afin de pouvoir poser les fondations d’une approche de la rationalité complexe. Pour étayer ce cheminement, nous nous sommes appuyés sur une méthode analytiquesynthétique à travers laquelle nous avons défini les unités d’analyse des politiques publiques. En ce sens, l’innovation, l’originalité et la pertinence scientifique de cet article résident sur le fait qu’une approche systémique des politiques publiques facilite et renforce le travail interinstitutionnel ; surtout, entre les secteurs public et privé. Ceci, sans aucun doute, contribue à apprécier les impacts des politiques publiques dans la vie quotidienne des citoyens.
Redes de poder y política social para la vejez: Colombia 2000-2009
Authors: Arrubla Deisy 
Published: August 2018

En los años noventa el gobierno colombiano realizó la reforma del sistema de pensiones e introdujo el ahorro individual. La reforma pese a haber sido estudiada, se descuida al develar la organización del proceso político que subyace a la Política Social de Vejez (PSV). Cabe preguntar: ¿cuáles son las fuentes de poder y cómo este se organiza? Se realizó un estudio de caso, se analizaron 78 anteproyectos de ley presentados en el Congreso de la República entre el año 2000 y 2009. Los resultados describen la organización del poder político, la conformación de la Coalición política, una red económica, la sostenibilidad fiscal y la vejez merecedora de la pobreza. Se discute que el poder político logra sus objetivos por el establecimiento de un poder estructural del Estado que articula la red ideológico-económica y penetra la vida cotidiana de las personas. Este es un aporte en la comprensión de la organización del poder del Estado y la PSV.
Corrosion-resistant fluoridated Ca–Mg–P composite coating on magnesium alloys prepared via hydrothermal assisted sol–gel process
Authors: Jiang Yangyang , Zhu Lingjun , Cai Shu , Shen Sibo , Li Yue , Jiang Song , Lin Yishu , Hua Shaoshuai , Ling Rui , Xu Guohua 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Characteristics of Biochars from Plant Biomass Wastes at Low-Temperature Pyrolysis
Authors: Septiana Liska Mutiara , Djajakirana Gunawan , Darmawan Darmawan 
Published: August 2018

The effects of biochar as soil ameliorants depend on their characteristics that are influenced by the variation in biomass origin and pyrolysis process. In this context, the objective of this study was to determine the chemical and physical characteristics of seven biochar derived from different biomass wastes - rice husk, corn cob, empty oil palm fruit bunch, bagasse, and sawdust of albazia (<em>Albizzia falcataria</em>), maesopsis (<em>Maesopsis eminii</em>), and mahogany (<em>Swietenia macrophylla</em>) at two low-pyrolysis temperatures (250 and 350 <sup>o</sup>C). The results showed that the percentage of biochar yield decreased at higher temperature level. However, the increased thermal decomposition of plant biomass wastes (at 350 <sup>o</sup>C) resulted in higher pH, as well as ash, C, N content of the biochar; but it did not significantly affect nutrient availability. Biochar from wood waste had more C and Ca content. Biochar from rice husk produced the highest ash content, while biochar from empty oil palm fruit bunch yielded the highest pH value, and possessed more nutrients than all the others. Increasing pyrolysis temperature from 250 to 350 <sup>o</sup>C resulted in greater biochar surface area and total pore volume but produced smaller average pore radius.
IDENTIFICATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF ACTINOMYCETES STRAINS ISOLATED FROM SAMPLES IN THE COASTAL AREA OF THANH HOA – QUANG BINH – QUANG TRI
Authors: Minh Le Thi Hong , Quyen Vu Thi 
Published: August 2018

In this study, we isolated 46 strains of actinomycetes from 40 samples including: sediments, sponges, soft corals, echinoderms and starfish collected from three sea areas of Vietnam: Thanh Hoa – Quang Binh – Quang Tri. The strains were fermented in A+ medium and fermentation broths were extracted 5 times with ethyl acetate then the extracts were evaporated under reduced pressure to yield crude extracts. Quantitative assay was used to determine MIC (Minimum inhibitory concentration) of extract against 7 reference strains. From the results of screening, we chose 5 strains of actinomycetes that have the highest biological activity (Code: G212, G222, G233, G227 and G241). In particular, strains G222, G233, G227 and G241 were resistant 6/7 strains of microorganisms test, with values MICs from 64µg/ml to 256µg/ml; Moreover, All of the five strains were highly resistant to yeast Candida albicans ATCC10231. These strains were then subjected to morphological and phylogenetic investigations based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. The results showed that strains G212, G222 and G227 belonged to Genus Streptomyces; strains G233 and G241 were identified as Genus Micromonospora.
Multilevel Factors Affecting Time to Cancer Diagnosis and Care Quality in Botswana
Authors: Brown Carolyn A. , Kohler Racquel E. , John Oaitse , Motswetla Galaletsang , Mmalane Mompati , Tapela Neo , Grover Surbhi , Dryden-Peterson Sarah , Lockman Shahin , Dryden-Peterson Scott L. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Background
Cancer incidence is increasing in Africa, and the majority of patients are diagnosed with advanced disease, limiting treatment options and survival. We sought to understand care patterns and factors contributing to delayed diagnosis and treatment initiation among patients with cancer in Botswana.

Patients and Methods
We recruited 20 patients who were enrolled in a prospective cancer cohort in Botswana to a qualitative substudy that explored cancer care pathways and factors affecting cancer care access and quality. We conducted an in-depth interview with each participant between October 2014 and January 2015, using a a structured interview guide with questions about initial cancer symptoms, previous consultations, diagnosis, and care pathways. Medical records were used to confirm dates or treatment details when needed.

Results
Individual and interpersonal factors such as cancer awareness and social support facilitated care-seeking behaviors. However, patients experienced multiple delays in diagnosis and treatment because of provider and health system barriers. Health system factors, such as misdiagnosis, understaffed facilities, poor referral communication and scheduling, and inadequate laboratory reporting systems, affected access to and quality of cancer care.

Conclusion
These findings highlight the need for interventions at the patient, provider, and health system levels to improve cancer care quality and outcomes in Botswana. Results also suggest that widespread cancer education has potential to promote early diagnosis through family and community networks. Identified barriers and facilitators suggest that interventions to improve community education and access to diagnostic technologies could help improve cancer outcomes in this setting.

Implications for Practice
The majority (54%) of patients with cancer in Botswana present with advanced-stage cancer despite universal access to free health care, limiting the options for treatment and decreasing the likelihood of positive treatment outcomes. To reduce time from symptom onset to cancer treatment initiation, causes of delay in cancer care trajectories must be identified. The narratives of the patients interviewed for this study give insight into psychosocial factors, outlooks on disease, lower-level provider delays, and health system barriers that contribute to substantial delays for patients with cancer in Botswana. Identification of problems and barriers is essential for development of effective interventions to mitigate these factors, in order to improve cancer outcomes in this population.
Use of Antidepressant Medications Moderates the Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms and Hospital Length of Stay in Patients with Advanced Cancer
Authors: Wong Risa L. , El-Jawahri Areej , D'Arpino Sara M. , Fuh Charn-Xin , Johnson P. Connor , Lage Daniel E. , Irwin Kelly E. , Pirl William F. , Traeger Lara , Cashavelly Barbara J. , Jackson Vicki A. , Greer Joseph A. , Ryan David P. , Hochberg Ephraim P. , Temel Jennifer S. , Nipp Ryan D. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Background
Among patients with cancer, depressive symptoms are associated with worse clinical outcomes, including greater health care utilization. As use of antidepressant medications can improve depressive symptoms, we sought to examine relationships among depressive symptoms, antidepressant medications, and hospital length of stay (LOS) in patients with advanced cancer.

Materials and Methods
From September 2014 to May 2016, we prospectively enrolled patients with advanced cancer who had an unplanned hospitalization. We performed chart review to obtain information regarding documented depressive symptoms in the 3 months prior to admission and use of antidepressant medications at the time of admission. We compared differences in hospital LOS by presence or absence of depressive symptoms and used adjusted linear regression to examine if antidepressant medications moderated these outcomes.

Results
Of 1,036 patients, 126 (12.2%) had depressive symptoms documented prior to admission, and 288 (27.8%) were taking antidepressant medications at the time of admission. Patients with depressive symptoms experienced longer hospital LOS (7.25 vs. 6.13 days; p = .036). Use of antidepressant medications moderated this relationship; among patients not on antidepressant medications, depressive symptoms were associated with longer hospital LOS (7.88 vs. 6.11 days; p = .025), but among those on antidepressant medications, depressive symptoms were not associated with hospital LOS (6.57 vs. 6.17 days; p = .578).

Conclusion
Documented depressive symptoms prior to hospital admission were associated with longer hospital LOS. This effect was restricted to patients not on antidepressant medications. Future studies are needed to investigate if use of antidepressant medications decreases LOS for patients hospitalized with advanced cancer and the mechanisms by which this may occur.

Implications for Practice
This study investigated the prevalence of documented depressive symptoms in patients with advanced cancer in the 3 months prior to an unplanned hospitalization and the prevalence of use of antidepressant medications at time of hospital admission. The relationship of these variables with hospital length of stay was also examined, and it was found that documented depressive symptoms were associated with prolonged hospital length of stay. Interestingly, antidepressant medications moderated the relationship between depressive symptoms and hospital length of stay. These findings support the need to recognize and address depressive symptoms among patients with advanced cancer, with potential implications for optimizing health care utilization.
HISTORICAL MEMORY AND PATRIOTISM OF EVERYDAY LIFE
Authors: SHIROKALOVA G. S. 
Published: August 2018

The article investigates the reasons for rejection of patriotism during the preparation and the collapse of the Soviet Union. Among them we distinguish the material and other possibilities of so-called “offshore aristocracy” for the management of public opinion in order to maintain their status through the destruction of sacred relationship to the history and the state, which was inherent to the Soviet mentality. The loss of spiritual base could lead to the destruction of the Russian Federation according to the scenario of the Soviet Union, that’s why the government - unable to find a new national idea – had to appeal to the people’s exploit during the Great Patriotic War as a manifestation of the highest level of patriotism. Since the beginning of the 2000`s, patriotic education becomes the direction of public policy. Its effectiveness can be measured through the empirically observable indicators of attitude to historical events and modernity. The author believes that the historical memory is a necessary, but insufficient condition for the patriotism formation. Patriotism of everyday life is the feature that brings social stability to the state. The article presents the data of sociological research of the youth’s attitudes to the Great Patriotic War, which was conducted in Nizhniy Novgorod in 2015. The author comes to the conclusion that as a result of wide-ranging preparation to 70th anniversary of the Victory, the historical memory was actualized. However, the question remains how long it will be possible to maintain the historical identity in the face of increasing social and economic crisis.
THE EUROPEAN UNION’S ATTITUDE TOWARDS RESPECT FOR HUMAN RIGHTS IN RUSSIA (1992-2000)
Authors: SHCHEDRIN V. A. 
Published: August 2018

The article is devoted to the problem of observance of human rights in the Russian Federation in the period from 1992 to 2000 and the attitude of the European Union towards it. Attention is paid to the transformation of Russian legislation and the observance of international agreements by the Russian leadership, which aspired to join the European Union. The issue of decisions taken by Russia is especially considered: the abolition of the death penalty, respect for the rights of minorities and the development of democratic institutions. The question is raised about the conflict in the Caucasus region, according to which neither the Russian Federation nor the European Union found a compromise solution. The author considers the painful issue of bilateral negotiations between Russia and the European Union, during which one of the priority conditions for Russia's entry into the European community of nations was the observance of human rights in the Caucasus during the internal Russian conflict. The Caucasian question aggravated the Russian- European contradictions, which led to the prolongation of negotiations on Russia's accession to the EU. It is shown that the observance of human rights for the Russian side has become a complex issue for a number of reasons, and the European side has considered it as a manifestation of interference in the domestic policy of the Russian state.
REVIEW OF THE BOOK " RUSSIA AND THE PEOPLES OF THE FAR EAST: EXPERIENCE CIVILIZATIONAL AND CULTURAL INTERACTION (17th — 19th centuries)". Ed. by V.A. Turaev. Vladivostok: Nauka, 2016. 364 p. ISBN 978-5-9906118-8-7.
Authors: Chernavskaya V. N. 
Published: August 2018

The genre of the article is a review of the collective book devoted to the problems of interethnic interaction of the peoples of the Far East of Russia. The main achievements of the scientific team of the Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Peoples of the Far East of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences are analyzed in detail: the logical structure, novelty, conceptual approaches, judgments about the integration experience of the indigenous peoples of the Far East in the Russian society at different historical stages, analysis of relations with migration groups of Chinese and Koreans, rich source and illustrative material, including the 90s of the XX century. An evaluation of the research experience is given in the review, taking into account the discussion point related to the absolutization of ethnic contacts as the main driving force of the whole historical process.
SOME ASPECTS OF SOCIAL AND PEDAGOGICAL SUPPORT OF FAMILY EDUCATION OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN WITH ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER (ADHD) IN A SPECIALIZED CENTER
Authors: GREBENNIKOVA V. M. , NIKITINA N. I. , PADYLIN N. Yu. 
Published: August 2018

The family is the main environment of life of the child with ADHD, the determining factor of formation (development) of his personality, the main determining factor of his future, further activity. The article States that the family education of chi ldren of preschool age with ADHD needs highly qualified (highly professional) socio-pedagogical support of a multifunctional team of specialists. The specialized (multi-profile) psychological, medical and pedagogical center employs specialists of different profiles, whose combined efforts will contribute to and provide the choice of the optimal option of socio-pedagogical support for the family education of a particular child. In the professional activity of the staff of a specialized (multi-profile) center in the field of personal and business interaction with parents of a child with ADHD laid a huge (psychological, pedagogical, social, medical, sociopedagogical, socio-cultural) potential for the implementation of technology of socio-pedagogical support of family education of preschool children with ADHD. The authors argue that the implementation of the technology of socio-pedagogical support of family education of older preschoolers with ADHD will be effective if: the basis of the process of socio-pedagogical support of family education of older preschoolers with ADHD laid individuallyoriented, differentiated, system-integrated approaches; the content of social and pedagogical support of family education of senior preschool children with ADHD includes specialized work of the Center staff (teachers, psychologists, physicians, defectologists, specialists of physical therapy) in the field of formation of parents an adequate understanding of the situation of personal development of their child, awareness of the prospects of its further socialization; the technology of the considered support is implemented taking into account the specifics of the life situation of a particular family and child, all its nuances; integration of efforts of specialists of various profile of the Center in the field of diagnostics, forecasting, realization of the chosen option of social and pedagogical support of family education of the child is provided. The materials of the article can be used in the activities of psychological and pedagogical services of educational institutions of different types and centers of development of children, as well as in the course of training of psychologists, teachers on the problem of socio- pedagogical support of family education of preschool children with ADHD.
Influence of the type of anaesthetic support on the development of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in gynecologic oncology patients
Authors: Basenko O M , Nedbailo I N , Astakhov A A , Sinitskiy A I , Voroshin D G 
Published: August 2018

Aim. Determination of the influence of age and type of anesthesia on the patient’s cognitive abilities.
Methods. 30 females who underwent surgical intervention were examined. The first group consisted of 14 patients who received general inhalational anesthesia, group 2 included 16 patients who received general inhalational anesthesia in combination with epidural anesthesia. All patients underwent neuropsychological testing at several stages: one day before the surgery, the first day after surgery, on day 28 after the surgery. Cognitive status was assessed using Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the clock-drawing test (CLOCK).
Results. Given the combination of indices of both types of neuropsychological testing, postoperative cognitive dysfunction was diagnosed when a decrease by 10% or more of both MMSE and clock-drawing test and the MMSE score in patients with diagnosed postoperative cognitive dysfunction was less than 24 on both days 1 and 28. It should be noted that the results of testing before surgery in all groups of patients showed mild cognitive dysfunction. After the surgery, the measures of intellectual ability significantly decreased. The results of the analysis in the early recovery period in the group of patients who underwent combined anesthesia were significantly higher. And in the group of patients with combined anesthesia compared to the group that received only general anesthesia on day 28, cognitive indices were significantly higher: MMSE — pMW=0.041 and CLOCK — pMW
Conclusion. General anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia affects cognitive function of female patients less negatively than the use of general anesthesia alone.