bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Implementing a “FIB‐4 First” Strategy on a Pathway for Patients With NAFLD Referred From Primary Care
Authors: Davyduke Tracy , Tandon Puneeta , Al‐Karaghouli Mustafa , Abraldes Juan G. , Ma Mang M. 
Published: July 2019

Detection of advanced fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is essential for stratifying patients according to the risk of liver‐related morbidity. Noninvasive methods such as vibration‐controlled transient elastography (VCTE) and Fibrosis‐4 index (FIB‐4) have been recommended to identify patients for further assessment. The aim of this study was to assess the potential impact of implementing a “FIB‐4 First” strategy to triage patients entering a NAFLD assessment pathway. The pathway for patients with suspected NAFLD was piloted at a tertiary liver center. Referral criteria were 16‐65 years old, elevated alanine aminotransferase and/or steatosis on imaging, and absence of a previous liver diagnosis. A registered nurse risk‐stratified all patients based on VCTE and FIB‐4 was calculated. Potential alternative diagnoses were excluded with bloodwork. A total of 565 patients underwent risk stratification with VCTE with a 97% success rate. Ten percent had VCTE of at least 8 kPa; 560 patients had FIB‐4 available for analysis and 87% had values less than 1.3. Of those with a FIB‐4 of at least 1.3, 69% had a VCTE less than 8 kPa. Further modeling showed that the presence of diabetes, age, and body mass index had only a moderate impact on the association between FIB‐4 and elastography values if using a FIB‐4 threshold of 1.3. Conclusion: A FIB‐4 threshold of 1.3 was acceptable for excluding the presence of advanced fibrosis (assessed by VCTE). A staged risk‐stratification model using FIB‐4 and VCTE could save up to 87% of further assessments. This model could improve accessibility by moving the initial fibrosis evaluation to the medical home and helping to prioritize patients for further specialized care.
Promoting environmental sustainability, equity and health in Victorian Primary Care Partnerships
Authors: Kay Valerie Anne , Livingstone Charles Henry 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIssue addressedGlobally and locally, environmental degradation (including climate change) and inequity pose major risks to health. While health promoters recognise the importance of both issues, they may be seen as separate agendas. This study investigated health promotion addressing both issues together.MethodsThe study was an investigation of health promotion practice addressing environmental sustainability and equity, conducted in 2013, as part of a community‐based participatory action research project with three Primary Care Partnerships (PCPs) in Victoria, Australia, during 2009‐2016.ResultsThirty‐two local health promotion projects addressing both environmental sustainability and equity were identified. Analysis showed clusters of environmental, equity and health themes, particularly around: (a) caring for local environment, food, access to nature and Indigenous participation; (b) sustainability of housing, thermal comfort and reducing energy costs; and (c) sustainable and active transport. The study also found a marked decline in the number of PCPs in Victoria identifying environmental sustainability as a priority in 2013, compared to 2009. Analysis of helpful factors and challenges to practice identified by research participants, suggests interrelated political, organisational and discursive factors contributed to this decline.ConclusionsThe study suggests local health promotion can contribute to the development of societies that are more ecologically sustainable and more equitable. However, the challenges suggest broader advocacy is required to support local action.So what?Environmental degradation and inequity are major threats to human and ecosystem health. This study shows local health promotion can address both issues concurrently, and provides important information about challenges to this work.
Synthesis, structure, and antioxidative properties of a copper(II) complex with 1,2‐bis(benzimidazol‐2‐yl)ethane ligand
Authors: Tang Xia , Qu Yao , Wang Cong , Wu Yancong , Zhao Kun , Wu Huilu 
Published: July 2019

Abstract1,2‐Bis(benzimidazol‐2‐yl)ethane (bbe) and its copper(II) complex, {[Cu(bbe)Br2]2}·2DMF (1), have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, ultraviolet–visible, and infrared spectra. The single crystal structure analysis of 1 shows two crystallographically independent but chemically identical [Cu(bbe)Br2] molecules. The coordination geometry of the copper atoms may best be described as a distorted tetrahedron (τ4 = 0.740 for Cu1 and 0.696 for Cu2). The cyclic voltammogram of complex 1 represents quasi‐reversible Cu2+/Cu+ pairs. in vitro antioxidant tests showed that complex 1 has significant antioxidant activity against superoxide and hydroxy radicals. Photoluminescence investigations showed that the fluorescence intensity of complex 1 is significantly weaker than that of the ligand. This may be due to the paramagnetic effect of divalent copper to cause quenching of fluorescence.
Climatology and trends of the Indian Ocean surface waves based on 39‐year long ERA5 reanalysis data
Authors: Muhammed Naseef T. , Sanil Kumar V. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this study, the wind and the surface waves in the Indian Ocean (IO) during 1979–2017 are studied based on the ECMWF ERA5 Reanalysis data. Long‐term statistical analysis of extreme waves is carried out based on Generalized Extreme Value distribution using annual maxima and the spatial distribution of return levels for 50 and 100 years are studied. In general, the ERA5 significant wave height (Hs) and maximum wave height (Hmax) show a good agreement with measured buoy data in the coastal (bias ~0.29 m) and deep waters (bias ~0.18 m). During the tropical cyclone, underestimation of Hs and Hmax in the ERA5 data compared to buoy data is 2.7 and 1.4%, but in general the bias is large (~0.69 m). Swell domination is observed in larger regions of the IO, whereas wind‐seas are comparable to swells in the Southern Ocean. The meridional wind speed largely influences the spatial pattern of Hs in the North IO. The stronger winds over the Southern Ocean play a major role in generating higher waves at higher latitudes. Maximum value of the 100‐year return level for Hs in IO is 17.8 m, whereas highest value of the Hs is 16.7 m and Hmax is 32.0 m. Severe wave events are common at 50°–60°S and only during 25% of the time in a year, Hmax is less than 5 m in this region. Ratio of the Hmax to Hs varies from 1.46 to 2.3 with a mean value of 1.87. The 100‐year return value of Hs changed by −4 to 5 m, when the length of the dataset is decreased from 39 years (1979–2017) to recent 20 years. On an average, from 1979 to 2017, the annual average Hmax increased by 0.73 cm/year. In major areas of the IO, a clear decrease of the Hs is observed during 1991–2017, whereas during 1979–2017, an increase in Hs is found.
A climatological study of the strongest local winds of Japan “Inami‐kaze”
Authors: Koyanagi Takuma , Kusaka Hiroyuki 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis study examines the meteorological and climatological features of the Inami‐kaze in the Tonami Plain, the strongest local winds in Japan. The plain faces the Sea of Japan on the north side, while the remaining three sides are surrounded by high mountain ranges. An interview survey to local residents and the distribution of windbreak trees both indicate that the Inami‐kaze is localized to a surprisingly small region near the Inami town (about 6 km parallel to the mountain ridge and 3 km perpendicular to it), at the base of a very small saddle‐like topography in the mountain ridge. Wind statistics with a dense observation network during 2006–2014 (28 Inami‐kaze events) supports the above finding. Indeed, the wind speed is mostly (95%) below 11 m/s at the Tonami town, just 5 km away from the Inami town, while the Inami‐kaze (≥15 m/s) blows at the Inami town. Such a spatial pattern should be formed as a result of downslope windstorm with hydraulic jumps, which is indicated from the internal Froude number change across the mountain (0.9 at the upstream, 1.4 at the mountain top, and 0.3 at downstream). The required synoptic atmospheric condition for the Inami‐kaze is the pressure pattern “extratropical cyclone in the Sea of Japan.” The sufficient condition is the SSW–SSE wind (≥25 m/s) or south wind (around 20 m/s) at the 800‐pressure level over the mountain chain, indicating the allowed directional window is very narrow. On the other hand, the Inami‐kaze has an aspect of foehn. While the Inami‐kaze occur, the potential temperature at the Inami town tends to be higher by 4.7 K on average than in the windward plain on the Pacific Ocean side.
Evaluation of healing at molar extraction sites with and without ridge preservation: A three‐arm histologic analysis
Authors: Duong Mylinh , Mealey Brian L. , Walker Christopher , Al‐Harthi Shaimaa , Prihoda Thomas J. , Huynh‐Ba Guy 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundLittle evidence is available regarding the benefit of ridge preservation (RP) at molar sites. The primary objective of this three‐arm cohort study was to histologically compare the healing outcome between natural healing after molar tooth extraction and two different techniques of RP using freeze‐dried bone allograft (FDBA) and a nonresorbable dense polytetrafluoroethylene (dPTFE) membrane, or an absorbable collagen sponge as a barrier.MethodsSeventy‐nine patients requiring extraction and delayed implant placement were placed into three groups: extraction alone (control); ridge preserved using FDBA; and either dPTFE (Test1) or collagen sponge (Test2). Bone cores were harvested from implant osteotomies at ≈3 months after extraction for histomorphometric analysis to determine the percentage of vital bone, residual graft, and connective or other tissue. Ridge dimension changes were also evaluated radiographically (cone‐beam computed tomography).ResultsThe percentage of vital bone was significantly greater in control group compared with Test1 but was not statistically different among other groups. Test2 showed significantly less connective or other tissue than control and Test1. The percentage of residual graft was significantly lower in Test1 compared with Test2. There was no significant correlation between the percentage of vital bone or residual graft and the following parameters: healing time, patient age, gender, buccal plate thickness, or radiographic changes in ridge dimensions.ConclusionRP at molar sites using FDBA and an absorbable collagen sponge may be a sufficient and economic way to preserve the ridge dimension without interfering with the amount of new bone formation.
Model for large strain consolidation with non‐Darcian flow described by a flow exponent and threshold gradient
Authors: Zhao Xu‐Dong , Gong Wen‐Hui 
Published: July 2019

SummaryMany pieces of evidence have confirmed that the seepage in fine‐grained soils can deviate from traditional Darcy's law that contributes to the consolidation theory. In this paper, a numerical model, referred to as consolidation with non‐Darcian flow 2 (CNDF2), is developed for the 1D large strain consolidation of a saturated porous medium with the non‐Darcian flow. The algorithm accounts for vertical strain, general constitutive relationships, the relative velocity of the fluid and solid phases, variable compressibility and permeability relation during consolidation, time‐dependent loading, and unload/reload effects. Compared with the CS2 model proposed in previous studies, some parts of the CNDF2 model are modified in order to adapt to the non‐Darcian flow, especially the equivalent series hydraulic conductivity and fluid flow. The verification examples of the CNDF2 model demonstrate excellent accuracy for both small strain and large strain consolidation. According to the applicable conditions of non‐Darcian flow law, the CNDF2 model is most suitable for the fine‐grained soil. The development of CNDF2 is first presented, followed by examples to analyze the influences of the non‐Darcian flow on the consolidation behavior.
Synthesis, Monoamine Oxidase Inhibition and Computational Analysis of Diversely Substituted N‐Propargylated‐1,3,5‐triazines
Authors: Chioua Mourad , González‐Camuñas Arturo , Catarozzo María T. , Alcaro Stefano , Ortuso Francesco , Yáñez Matilde , Marco‐Contelles José 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this work six diversely substituted N‐propargylated‐1,3,5‐triazines have been designed, synthesized, and evaluated as monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors. Very surprisingly, only 4,6‐dichloro‐N‐(prop‐2‐yn‐1‐yl)‐1,3,5‐triazin‐2‐amine (1) showed modest, but selective MAO−B inhibition (IC50=14.2 ± 0.7 μM), whose binding affinity has been investigated by computational analysis
From Coordination Complexes to Potential Heterogeneous Catalysts via Solid‐State Thermal Decomposition: Precursor, Atmosphere and Temperature as Tuning Variables
Authors: Pérez José , Serrano José L. , Sánchez Gregorio , Lozano Pedro , da Silva Ivan , Alcolea Alberto 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSolid state transformations of PdCl2, [PdCl2(PPh3)2], [Pd(PPh3)4], RuCl3⋅H2O, [RuCl2(p‐cymene)]2 and [RuCl2(PPh3)3] in three different atmospheres (N2, air and O2) have been studied by heating to 1000 °C/1400 °C these palladium/ruthenium compounds. The products obtained this way have been characterized by X‐ray diffraction and its specific formulation has shown a strong dependence on the precursor complex, the atmosphere used and the temperature. Thus it is possible to obtain different materials xPd(1‐x)PdO and xRu(1‐x)RuO2 with a variable x value ranging between 0 and 1 from complexes without PPh3 ligand. The decomposition pattern displayed by complexes containing PPh3 is clearly different, as metal phosphate is generated during the process.
Alternate Energy Sources for Sustainable Organic Synthesis
Authors: Mandal Bablee 
Published: July 2019

AbstractOrganic Chemistry plays an important role in energy, information, materials, population, health, environment and implementation of defence plan. Organic chemists therefore, have the greatest responsibility to devise methods of carrying out organic syntheses, which will reduce or even eliminate the by‐products and solve the problem of environmental pollution from the source. One of the methods to achieve this is using non‐conventional energy sources, such as microwave, ultrasound, and photochemical chemistry, in conjugation with non‐toxic solvents, which dramatically reduces energy waste and reaction time. Experiments synergising these alternate energy sources like microwave sonication, photosonication or microwave photochemistry, have gained high popularity as cost‐ effective green strategies. Pooling the advantages of alternate energy sources with biocatalysis is another novel avenue of sustainable synthesis. Organic electrosynthesis has also emerged as an environmentally benign technique for the construction of C‐C and C‐hetero bonds. Highlights of significant developments in these areas define the scope of the present discussion.
A New and Eco‐Friendly Method for Reduction of Ketones in Water
Authors: Türkmen Gülşah , Kavukcu Serdar Batıkan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis paper reports a new, practical, and environmentally friendly catalytic system for reduction of the ketones to the related alcohols with efficient reaction performance in water. Catalysts were generated in situ from rhodium, ruthenium and iridium transition metal compounds with commercially available piperidines [Piperidine (L1), 2‐hydroxymethylpiperidine (L2), 3‐hydroxymethylpiperidine (L3), 4‐hydroxymethylpiperidine (L4), 4‐hydroxypiperidine (L5)] as bifunctional ligands. Catalyst generated from RuCl2(PPh3)3 and 4‐hydroxymethyl piperidine have shown the best activity in aqueous media which gave a 100% product yield. RuCl2(PPh3)3, has showed a better efficiency than [RuCl2(p‐cymene)]2, IrCl(PPh3)3, or RhCl(PPh3)3 in HCOOH–HCOONa buffer solution. This study was also investigated the relationship between the structure of hydroxymethyl piperidine ligands and the catalytic activity.
Chronoamperometric Detection of Amoxicillin at Graphite Electrode using Chelate Effect of Copper(II) Ions : Application in Human Blood and Pharmaceutical Tablets
Authors: Hrioua Asmaa , Farahi Abdelfattah , Lahrich Sara , Bakasse Mina , Saqrane Sana , El Mhammedi Moulay Abderrahim 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA novel electrochemical method is suggested for indirect chronoamperometric determination of amoxicillin (AMX) in the presence of copper ions Cu (II) at carbon paste electrode (CPE). The method is based on the interaction between the β‐lactam antibiotic and copper ions. This interaction was firstly studied by square wave voltammetry (SWV), where the peak corresponding to the oxidation of AMX at 0.7 V decreases significantly in the presence of copper ions. The reaction product is characterized by UV‐visible spectrophotometry and Infrared spectroscopy (IR). Moreover, when AMX was added to supporting electrolyte containing copper ions, the chronoamperometric current of the Cu(II)/Cu(I) redox system was increased. Hence, this increase in the current was used for indirect determination of amoxicillin. By selecting an appropriate concentration of copper (II), the calibration curve for AMX was established in the concentration range of 1.95×10−7 to 1.46×10−5 mol L−1. The detection limit was found to be 8.84× 10−8 mol L−1. The influence of different organic compounds on the AMX determination and the effect of coexisting of other metal ions in the electrolytic solution were studied. The applicability of the proposed method was tested in human blood and pharmaceutical tablets.
One‐pot Synthesis of 1‐((methylthio)methyl)‐2‐phenyl‐1H‐benzo[d]imidazole from O‐phenylenediamine and Aldehyde by Elemental Sulfur
Authors: Zhan Zhenzhen , Luo Nan , Ma Haojie , He Jianping , Lu Guoqiang , Cui Xinfeng , Huang Guosheng 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA straightforward one‐step method for the 1‐((methylthio)methyl)‐2‐phenyl‐1H‐benzo[d]imidazole from o‐phenylenediamine and aldehyde has been developed employing DMSO as a solvent and as a reagent. In addition, the desired product can be collected with excellent yields under the suitable conditions.
On comparing manual and automatic generated textual descriptions of business process models
Authors: Shahzad Khurram , Zaheer Sheeza , Adeel Nawab Rao Muhammad , Aslam Faisal 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSeveral organizations maintain textual process descriptions alongside graphical process descriptions to make them usable for all stakeholders. Maintaining textual process descriptions in the presence of continuously changing processes is a labor‐intensive task. Therefore, the automatic generation of textual descriptions is desirable. However, the trade‐offs between the manual and automatic generation of descriptions are yet to be investigated. To that end, this paper aims to answer two vital questions. How similar are the descriptions generated by the two approaches? What is the impact of using the two types of descriptions on process matching? To answer these specific questions, we have generated textual descriptions of 552 process models using the two approaches. To answer the first question, we have applied six text‐matching techniques and established that the descriptions overlap significantly; however, the formulation of sentences is substantially different. For answering the second question, we have used 11 text‐matching techniques to evaluate the impact of both descriptions on process matching. Results show (a) the choice of matching technique, and the type of description, have an impact on the matching performance and (b) vector space model (VSM) is the most appropriate matching technique whereas 5 gram is the worst performing technique.
Cumulative Effects of Avian Predation on Upper Columbia River Steelhead
Authors: Evans Allen F. , Payton Quinn , Cramer Bradley M. , Collis Ken , Hostetter Nathan J. , Roby Daniel D. , Dotson Curtis 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTo investigate the cumulative effects of colonial waterbird predation on fish mortality and to determine what proportion of all sources of fish mortality (1 − survival) was due to bird predation, we conducted a mark–recapture–recovery study with upper Columbia River steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss that were PIT‐tagged and released (N = 78,409) at Rock Island Dam on the Columbia River, USA. We used a state–space Bayesian model that incorporated live detections and dead recoveries of tagged fish to jointly estimate predation and survival probabilities during smolt out‐migration to the Pacific Ocean over an 11‐year study period. Estimated cumulative (all colonies combined) avian predation probabilities ranged from 0.31 (95% credible interval [CRI] = 0.27–0.38) to 0.53 (95% CRI = 0.42–0.64) annually, indicating that avian predation was a substantial source of mortality. Of the predator species evaluated, predation by Caspian terns Hydroprogne caspia was often the highest, with predation probabilities ranging from 0.11 (95% CRI = 0.09–0.14) to 0.38 (95% CRI = 0.29–0.47). Probabilities of predation by double‐crested cormorants Phalacrocorax auritus and mixed colonies of California gulls Larus californicus and ring‐billed gulls L. delawarensis were generally lower than the probabilities for terns but were also substantial, with upwards of 0.04 (95% CRI = 0.03–0.07; cormorants) and 0.31 (95% CRI = 0.25–0.39; gulls) of steelhead consumed. Comparisons of total smolt mortality with mortality due to avian predation indicated that avian predation accounted for 42% (95% CRI = 30–56%) to 70% (95% CRI = 53–87%) of total mortality, suggesting that more steelhead were consumed by avian predators than died from all other mortality sources combined. Results indicate that avian predation, although not the original cause of steelhead declines in the basin, is now a factor limiting the survival of upper Columbia River steelhead. Using the analytical framework developed in this study, future studies can consider the cumulative impact of multiple mortality sources across large spatial and temporal scales to more fully understand the extent to which they limit fish survival.
Harmonised projections of future forest resources in Europe
Authors: Vauhkonen Jari , Berger Ambros , Gschwantner Thomas , Schadauer Klemens , Lejeune Philippe , Perin Jérôme , Pitchugin Mikhail , Adolt Radim , Zeman Miroslav , Johannsen Vivian Kvist , Kepfer-Rojas Sebastian , Sims Allan , Bastick Claire , Morneau François , Colin Antoine , Bender Susann , Kovácsevics Pál , Solti György , Kolozs László , Nagy Dóra , Nagy Kinga , Twomey Mark , Redmond John , Gasparini Patrizia , Notarangelo Monica , Rizzo Maria , Makovskis Kristaps , Lazdins Andis , Lupikis Ainars , Kulbokas Gintaras , Antón-Fernández Clara , Rego Francisco Castro , Nunes Leónia , Marin Gheorghe , Calota Catalin , Pantić Damjan , Borota Dragan , Roessiger Joerg , Bosela Michal , Šebeň Vladimír , Skudnik Mitja , Adame Patricia , Alberdi Iciar , Cañellas Isabel , Lind Torgny , Trubins Renats , Thürig Esther , Stadelmann Golo , Ditchburn Ben , Ross David , Gilbert Justin , Halsall Lesley , Lier Markus , Packalen Tuula 
Published: July 2019

Abstract• Key message A dataset of forest resource projections in 23 European countries to 2040 has been prepared for forest-related policy analysis and decision-making. Due to applying harmonised definitions, while maintaining country-specific forestry practices, the projections should be usable from national to international levels. The dataset can be accessed at
https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.4t880qh
. The associated metadata are available at
https://metadata-afs.nancy.inra.fr/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/8f93e0d6-b524-43bd-bdb8-621ad5ae6fa9
.