bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolomic analysis to predict the onset and severity of necrotizing enterocolitis
Authors: Moschino Laura , Verlato Giovanna , Stocchero Matteo , Giordano Giuseppe , Pirillo Paola , Meneghelli Marta , Guiducci Silvia , Duci Miriam , Fascetti Leon Francesco , Baraldi Eugenio 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the most devastating gastrointestinal (GI) emergency in preterm neonates. Untargeted metabolomics may allow the identification of biomarkers involved in NEC pathophysiology.

Methods
We conducted a prospective study including preterm infants born at < 34 gestational weeks (GWs) whose urine was longitudinally collected at birth (< 48 h, T0) and at 14 (T1) and 28 days (T2). Neonates were followed for their development of NEC, spontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP), or other GI conditions and compared to those of matched healthy controls. Urine samples were investigated by untargeted metabolomic analysis based on mass-spectrometry.

Results
Thirty-five patients with NEC, 5 patients with SIP, 14 patients with other GI diseases and 113 controls were enrolled and selected for metabolomic analysis on the basis of their clinical characteristics and available samples. Considering urine samples at T0, the one-class classification approach was able to correctly classify 16/20 subjects (80%) who developed NEC, 3/3 (100%) who developed SIP and 5/7 subjects (71.4%) with other GI pathologies as not belonging to the control group. Neonates with surgical NEC had higher N-acetylaspartic acid, butyrylcarnitine and propionylcarnitine levels than did those with medical NEC. Considering the time evolution of the urinary metabolome, the NEC and control groups showed differences independently of the time point.

Conclusions
The urinary metabolome is closely associated with the underlying GI disease from birth. Urinary metabolic features characterize NEC patients from healthy controls until 28 days of life. The early urinary metabolome has the potential to predict surgical NEC. Future studies are needed to validate our results.
The application of Chinese version of SARC-F and SARC-CalF in sarcopenia screening against five definitions: a diagnostic test accuracy study
Authors: Guo Jia-Yu , Yu Kang , Li Chun-Wei , Bao Yuan-Yuan , Zhang Yu , Wang Fang , Li Rong-Rong , Xie Hai-Yan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
SARC-F questionnaire is a simple and convenient tool for sarcopenia screening, and SARC-CalF is a modified version of it. The developments of their Chinese versions are warranted for the clinical use for Chinese population. This study aimed to culturally adapt the SARC-F questionnaire into Chinese using standardized methods, validate the reliability and diagnostic accuracy of the Chinese version SARC-F and SARC-CalF against five sarcopenia diagnosis criteria, and determine optimal cut-off values for clinical practice in Chinese population.

Methods
The translation and cross-cultural adaptation of SARC-F into Chinese were conducted following the methodological report from European Union Geriatric Medicine Society Sarcopenia Special Interest Group. The Chinese version of SARC-F was validated through a diagnostic test, using diagnostic criteria of sarcopenia recommended by the revised 2019 European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) consensus, Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS2019) consensus, the International Working Group on Sarcopenia (IWGS), the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) Biomarkers Consortium and the Sarcopenia Definition and Outcomes Consortium (SDOC). Additional analysis was done against the criteria of severe sarcopenia according to the revised EWGSOP2 and AWGS2019.

Results
The Chinese version of SARC-F was well translated and demonstrated good reliability and acceptability. The diagnostic test included 1859 community-dwelling older individuals from two medical centers. Against five different definitions of sarcopenia, the Chinese version of SARC-F showed reasonable diagnostic accuracy for sarcopenia screening (AUC 0.614–0.821), and was demonstrated low sensitivity (13.7–37.9%) but high specificity (94.8–97.7%) with a cut-off value of ≥ 4. SARC-CalF significantly enhanced the diagnostic accuracy of SARC-F when using definitions of EWGSOP2, AWGS2019 and IWGS (all P ≤ 0.001). A score of ≥ 2 for SARC-F and ≥ 7 for SARC-CalF were established as optimal cut-off points for identifying older individuals as at risk of sarcopenia in Chinese population.

Conclusions
The Chinese version SARC-F is of reasonable reliability and validity for sarcopenia screening. Despite its low sensitivity, it proves to be a useful tool to identify severe cases in community taking advantage of its simplicity. SARC-CalF appears to be a more suitable screening tool for clinical use in detecting sarcopenia.
Determinants of depressive symptoms among persons 80 years and older: longitudinal national evidence from the health, aging, and retirement study in Thailand, 2015–2022
Authors: Pengpid Supa , Peltzer Karl , Hajek André , Anantanasuwong Dararatt , Kaewchankha Wasin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Few studies have longitudinally assessed the determinants of depressive symptoms among persons 80 years and older. The aim of this study was to estimate the determinants of depressive symptoms among persons 80 years and older based on 4-wave national longitudinal data from Thailand.

Methods
Data from the Health, Aging, and Retirement in Thailand study from 2015, 2017, 2020 and 2022 were utilized. The sample was restricted to community-dwelling persons 80 years and older (analytic sample: n = 2763 observations). For the pooled sample, average age was 85.0 years (range 80–117 years). Established measurements were used to assess depressive symptoms. Linear fixed effects regression was applied to assess the time-variant determinants and outcomes.

Results
Regressions found that higher functional disability and an increase in the number of chronic conditions worsened depressive symptoms. More favourable self-rated physical health, and higher exercise frequency improved depressive symptoms. In addition, among women higher subjective economic status decreased depressive symptoms.

Conclusions
This longitudinal study enhances our understanding of the determinants of depressive symptoms among persons 80 years and older. Strategies to delay or decrease functional disability, chronic conditions, increase physical activity, and improve subjective economic status may help in reducing depressive symptoms.
Hemodynamic monitoring during weaning from mechanical ventilation in critically ill pediatric patients: a prospective observational study
Authors: Abdelgawad Tarek Ahmed , Ibrahim Hanan M. , Elsayed Eman Mohamed , Abdelhamid Nehad Salah , Bawady Somia Abdel Hamid , Rezk Ahmed R. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Cardiovascular dysfunction is a significant factor contributing to weaning failure in mechanically ventilated children. Understanding the cardiopulmonary pathophysiological changes that occur during weaning is a prerequisite for the early recognition of weaning failure of cardiovascular origin. This study aimed to assess the effect of weaning trials on central hemodynamics and to identify the indices predictive of cardiac-related weaning failure.

Methods
This prospective observational study was conducted in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) and included mechanically ventilated patients aged between 2 and 30 months who were on minimal ventilatory settings and ready for weaning. Patients who were hemodynamically unstable, diagnosed with neuromuscular diseases, or diagnosed with cardiac diseases were excluded. Hemodynamic parameters were evaluated during weaning from ventilation via echocardiography and noninvasive cardiometry during pressure support (PS) ventilation and at the end of the spontaneous breathing trial (SBT).

Results
The study included 50 patients, comprising 30 males (60%) and 20 females (40%) with ages ranging from 2 to 30 months. Echocardiography revealed a significant increase in the cardiac index (CI), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), and the E/A ratio at the end of SBT. Moreover, right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) significantly decreased. Noninvasive cardiometry revealed a significant increase in the index of contractility (ICON) and CI at the end of SBT (p-value = 0.023 and < 0.001, respectively). Of the 12 (25%) patients who failed their first extubation trial, they exhibited a significantly lower CI and TAPSE (p values = 0.001 and 0.001, respectively).

Conclusion
This study identified that weaning from mechanical ventilation in children is associated with hemodynamic changes, which can impact weaning success and reveal potential ventricular dysfunction. Bedside echocardiography was found to detect cardiac dysfunctions during weaning, and noninvasive cardiometry was considered a reliable tool that supports echocardiography for detecting changing trends in CI in PICUs. However, accurate values should be confirmed by echocardiography.
“Using dried blood spots beyond newborn screening – is Hong Kong ready?”: navigating the intersection of innovation readiness, privacy concerns, and Chinese parenting culture
Authors: Ngan Olivia Miu Yung , Fung Cheuk Wing , Kwok Mei Kwun , Yau Eric Kin Cheong , Lee Shing Yan Robert , Luk Ho-Ming , Belaramani Kiran Moti 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Newborn screening programmes offer an opportunity to obtain dried blood spots (DBS) cards that contain a wealth of biological information that can be stored for long periods and have potential benefits for research and quality assurance. However, the storage and secondary uses of DBS cards pose numerous ethical, clinical, and social challenges. Empirical research exploring public attitudes is central to public policy planning as it can indicate whether or not there is broad public support, define public concerns, and ascertain the circumstances required to alleviate concerns and ensure support. This study aims to describe the clinical experience and attitudes towards newborn screening and investigate the perceptions and expectations of Hong Kong parents and healthcare providers regarding the retention of DBS cards and their usage for research.

Methods
We conducted semi-structured in-person interviews with 20 parents and healthcare providers in Hong Kong. Thematic analysis was conducted.

Results
Awareness of the significant research value of secondary uses of dried blood spot cards is low. Parents and healthcare providers support the storage and secondary uses of DBS cards with some concerns, including privacy and confidentiality breaches, the risk of discrimination or stigmatisation based on genetic information, and their inability to oversee the use of their child’s biospecimen. Parents, however, prioritise their child’s health over privacy concerns and support identifiable storage using pseudonymity to gain more information about their children's health.

Conclusion
Child information takes precedence over potential concerns over privacy, underscoring the significance of engaging patients and the public in shaping public policy related to biobanking and healthcare research, in line with cultural and social values.
Sociodemographic differences in low back pain: which subgroups of workers are most vulnerable?
Authors: Beller Johannes , Sperlich Stefanie , Epping Jelena , Safieddine Batoul , Hegewald Janice , Tetzlaff Juliane 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Low back pain (LBP) is a common health problem in workers that contributes to work disability and reduces quality of life. However, studies examining vulnerable groups in relation to sociodemographic differences in LBP remain scarce. Therefore, the current study investigates which sociodemographic groups of workers are most affected by LBP.

Methods
Data from the 2018 BIBB/BAuA employment survey were used (N = 16252). Age, education, occupational group, income, working hours, atypical working time, relationship status, and having children were used as sociodemographic predictors. Gender-stratified logistic regression analyses and intersectional classification tree analyses were conducted.

Results
A higher prevalence of LBP was observed for women compared to men. Significant differences in LBP emerged for age, working hours, atypical working time, occupational group and education, with some gender differences in the importance of predictors: Age was a significant predictor mostly in men as compared to women, atypical working hours had a slightly greater effect in women, whereas differences in LBP according to the occupational group were more pronounced for men. Vulnerable groups were found to be women who work in occupations other than professionals or managers, work atypical hours and have an intermediate or low educational level as well as men who work as skilled agricultural workers, craft workers, machine operators, or elementary occupations and are between 35 and 64 years old.

Conclusions
Thus, workers with certain occupations and lower levels of education, middle-aged men and women with unfavourable working time characteristics are most affected by low back pain. These groups should be focused on to potentially increase healthy working life and prevent work disability.
Effect of Dexmedetomidine with or without Midazolam during procedural dental sedation in children: a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: ElKhatib Amira A. , Ghoneim Tamer A. M. , Dowidar Karin M. L. , Wahba Nadia A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Dental anxiety is a global problem in the realm of pediatric dentistry. The use of procedural sedation is recommended to avoid substandard or unsafe dental treatment in preschoolers. This study aimed to compare the effect sedation with Dexmedetomidine with or without Midazolam in terms of sedation level, analgesic effect and ease of treatment completion in preschool children.

Methods
A triple blind randomized controlled clinical trial comprised 72 healthy uncooperative children, 4–6 years old, were randomly allocated into three groups of 24 patients each: Group I patients were sedated with nebulized 5 μg/kg Dexmedetomidine (DEX), Group II with nebulized 3 μg/kg DEX followed by nebulized 0.3 mg/kg Midazolam (MID), and Group III with nebulized 0.5 mg/kg MID. Along the session, the three regimens were assessed and compared during the sedation level (children responsiveness) using the Modified Observer’s Assessment of Alertness/Sedation Scale, the analgesic effect using the Face, Leg, Activity, Cry, Consolability scale and ease of treatment completion using a separate 5-point scale. Vital signs were recorded before and during sedation, until full recovery.

Results
A significant difference was detected regarding children responsiveness during operative procedure in favour of DEX in comparison to MID and DEX/MID groups (P = 0.045). Within the DEX group, a significant difference was recorded regarding children responsiveness at optimum sedation and during the operative procedure (P = 0.04). Although, the analgesic effects of sedative drugs showed no statistically significant difference among the study groups (P = 0.20), the ease of treatment completion was statistically higher in the DEX than MID and DEX/MID groups (P = 0.03).

Conclusion
Dexmedetomidine provides a moderate level of sedation, that allowed better patient cooperation, and easy completion of performed dental procedures.
Together but still alone - A qualitative study exploring how family members of persons with incurable oesophageal or gastric cancer manage everyday life
Authors: Kårmark Sofia , Malmström Marlene , Kristensson Jimmie 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Cancer affects not only the person with the disease but those around them. Being a family member is described as strenuous and, often, associated with stress, anxiety and feelings of loneliness. There is a heightened risk of distress for family of those with fast-progressing, severe oesophageal or gastric cancer. Early palliative care involving family is vital yet often overlooked. In order to include family members in early palliative care their management in everyday life needs to be explored.

Method
Qualitative inductive interview study using content analysis guided by Graneheim and Lundman.

Result
The analysis resulted in the overarching theme “Managing the disease together but still alone”. Three categories were identified: Adapting to the disease, Taking control of the situation, Processing emotions. Each category described family members management in various aspects of everyday life together with the ill person and alone.

Conclusion
The results may contribute to an awareness of family members’ management of large parts of everyday life and, further, their feelings of loneliness, and indicates that family members should be included early in oesophageal or gastric cancer palliative care. Further studies are needed to develop the content of such family-inclusive early palliative care.
Guideline concordant opioid therapy in Veterans receiving VA and community care
Authors: Ma Phillip , Cheng Yan , Goulet Joseph L. , Sandbrink Friedhelm , Brandt Cynthia , Spevak Chris , Kean Jacob T. , Becker William , Libin Alexander , Shara Nawar , Sheriff Helen M , Houston James S. , Butler Jorie , Workman Elizabeth T. , Agrawal Rajeev M , Kupersmith Joel , Zeng-Treitler Qing 
Published: October 2024

AbstractGuideline concordant opioid therapy is a key part of the concerted effort to address the opioid crisis in the United States. The study aimed to compare the rates of guideline concordant care between veterans who solely used VA services (mono users) and veterans who used both VA services and community care (dual-system users). We used electronic health record data from the Washington DC and Baltimore VA Medical Centers from 2015 to 2019. We provided descriptive statistics as well as generalized estimating equations models to find associations between mono vs. dual-system users and each guideline outcome, controlling for demographic factors and comorbid conditions. The study found that overall rates of guideline concordant care were high in both mono and dual-system users with over 90% adherence rates for the majority of recommendations. However, there were variations in adherence to specific guidelines, with urine drug screening at initiation being the least commonly followed recommendation (8.9% of mono-user opioid initiators and 11.2% of dual-user initiators). This study also found that there was no consistent pattern of higher guideline adherence in mono vs. dual-system users but did show that through the course of this study (2015–2019) overall rates of guideline concordance increased. Future research will explore additional guideline recommendations and potential coordination issues among dual-system users.
Proteomic analysis of extracellular vesicles derived from canine mammary tumour cell lines identifies protein signatures specific for disease state
Authors: Gutierrez-Riquelme Tania , Karkossa Isabel , Schubert Kristin , Liebscher Gudrun , Packeiser Eva-Maria , Nolte Ingo , von Bergen Martin , Murua Escobar Hugo , Aguilera-Rojas Matias , Einspanier Ralf , Stein Torsten 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Canine mammary tumours (CMT) are among the most common types of tumours in female dogs. Diagnosis currently requires invasive tissue biopsies and histological analysis. Tumour cells shed extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing RNAs and proteins with potential for liquid biopsy diagnostics. We aimed to identify CMT subtype-specific proteome profiles by comparing the proteomes of EVs isolated from epithelial cell lines derived from morphologically normal canine mammary tissue, adenomas, and carcinomas.

Methods
Whole-cell protein lysates (WCLs) and EV-lysates were obtained from five canine mammary cell lines: MTH53A (non-neoplastic); ZMTH3 (adenoma); MTH52C (simple carcinoma); 1305, DT1406TB (complex carcinoma); and their proteins identified by LC-MS/MS analyses. Gene Ontology analysis was performed on differentially abundant proteins from each group to identify up- and down-regulated biological processes. To establish CMT subtype-specific proteomic profiles, weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was carried out.

Results
WCL and EVs displayed distinct protein abundance signatures while still showing the same increase in adhesion, migration, and motility-related proteins in carcinoma-derived cell lines, and of RNA processing and RNA splicing factors in the adenoma cell line. WGCNA identified CMT stage-specific co-abundant EV proteins, allowing the identification of adenoma and carcinoma EV signatures not seen in WCLs.

Conclusions
EVs from CMT cell lines exhibit distinct protein profiles reflecting malignancy state, allowing us to identify potential biomarkers for canine mammary carcinomas, such as biglycan. Our dataset could therefore potentially serve as a basis for the development of a less invasive clinical diagnostic tool for the characterisation of CMT.
Comparison of DNA extraction procedures for detection of Mycoplasma bovis directly from extended bovine semen straw samples using a commercial M. bovis PCR
Authors: Taylor Emma , Deeney Alannah , Birch Colin , Mayne Georgia , Ridley Anne 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Mycoplasma bovis is a global pathogen of cattle but was detected for the first time in New Zealand in 2017, triggering a response under their Biosecurity Act as an “unwanted organism”. Following a lengthy eradication campaign, the Ministry of Primary Industries (MPI) now requires all bovine semen destined for export to New Zealand to be screened with an M. bovis-specific real-time PCR (rtPCR) compliant with amended import health standard (IHS) test requirements aimed at preventing the accidental importation of M. bovis. The standard stipulates that semen samples cannot be centrifuged prior to DNA extraction. To comply with these strict requirements, one of the listed tests was validated together with different DNA preparation steps and compared with existing in-house procedures. DNA was extracted from semen straws using the current in-house semi-automated platform procedures for processing culture, tissue and body fluid sample submissions and was compared with the stipulated test requirements. DNA from centrifuged and unspun semen samples spiked with M. bovis was also compared.

Results
The rtPCR had a sensitivity and specificity of 100% (95% confidence interval = 79–100% and 74–100%, respectively) when testing DNA from other Mycoplasma species or bovine semen spiked with the latter, with a high level of repeatability for within- and between- run replicates. The consistent limit of detection was 0.001 pg/µl M. bovis DNA and between 5.3 × 102 and 7.5 × 102 CFU/ml M. bovis when artificially spiked in semen. DNA extracted using the KingFisher Flex was detected with lower Cq values than the Maxwell 16, but the comparable improvements in sensitivity were mainly associated with non-centrifuged samples (p < 0.001). None of the procedures tested impeded the detection sensitivity of M. bovis in the presence of competitor organisms Acholeplasma laidlawii, Mycoplasma bovigenitalium and Ureaplasma diversum, confirming M. bovis specificity of the polC target.

Conclusions
Under the experimental conditions applied, this rtPCR test efficiently detected M. bovis in extended bovine semen straw samples from DNA extracted using both semi-automated extraction platforms, irrespective of prior centrifugation of extended semen.