bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The pH sensitivity of APT‐CEST using phosphorus spectroscopy as a reference method
Authors: Schüre Jan‐Rüdiger , Shrestha Manoj , Breuer Stella , Deichmann Ralf , Hattingen Elke , Wagner Marlies , Pilatus Ulrich 
Published: July 2019

The pH value is a potential physiological marker for clinical diagnosis as it is altered in pathologies such as tumors. While intracellular pH can be measured noninvasively via phosphorus spectroscopy (31P MRSI), Amide Proton Transfer‐Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (APT‐CEST) MRI has been suggested as an alternative method for pH quantification.To assess the suitability of APT‐CEST contrast for pH quantification, two approaches (magnetization transfer ratio asymmetry [MTRasym] and Lorentzian difference analysis [LDA]) for analyzing the Z‐spectrum have been correlated with pH values obtained by 31P MRSI. Fourteen patients with glioblastoma and 12 healthy controls were included. In contrast to MTRasym, the LDA is modeling the direct water saturation and the semi‐solid magnetization transfer, allowing a separate evaluation of the aliphatic nuclear Overhauser effect and the APT‐CEST.The results of our study show that the pH values obtained by 31P MRSI correspond well with both methods describing the APT‐CEST contrast. Two‐sample t‐test showed significant differences in MTRasym, LDA and pH obtained by 31P MRSI for regions of interest in glioblastoma, contralateral control areas and normal appearing white matter (P < 0.001). A slightly improved correlation between the amide signal and pH was found after performing LDA (r = 0.78) compared with MTRasym (r = 0.70).While both methods can be used to monitor pH changes, the LDA approach appears to be better suited.
A critical perspective on the concept of biocultural diversity and its emerging role in nature and heritage conservation
Authors: Bridgewater Peter , Rotherham Ian D. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

The continuing losses of biodiversity around the world remain problematic for nature conservation. A fundamental issue that has triggered debates in nature conservation is the relationship between human culture, heritage and history, and nature expressed as ecology or biodiversity.

Traditionally, nature conservation has been pursued separately from aspects of cultural heritage; a situation which seems perplexing when we consider the importance of traditional management in the maintenance of biodiversity in many areas now ‘protected’ for nature.

To address these broad issues, fundamental to future landscape sustainability, we need to have clear definitions of concepts and terms.

This paper considers the historical development of the key concepts that frame biocultural diversity and the paradigms relating to biocultural assets or eco‐cultural landscapes. This is pertinent to both researchers and to practitioners or policymakers, and we suggest ways biocultural diversity can improve global conservation efforts.

A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Autoimmune response and its long‐term consequences after exon‐skipping therapy in a Duchenne muscular dystrophy mouse model
Authors: Nordin Joel Z , Aoki Yoshitsugu 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe progress of antisense‐based therapies using first generation Morpholino oligonucleotides for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is expected to partially restore dystrophin expression and may prolong the lifespan of DMD patients. In a recent issue of The Journal of Pathology, a sophisticated study by Vila et al used a dystrophic mouse model of DMD to demonstrate that Morpholino‐induced exon skipping induced dystrophin expression in skeletal muscle and stimulated cell mediated and humoral responses to dystrophin. The study highlights the need to further investigate the autoimmune response against de novo synthesised truncated dystrophin protein and its long‐term consequences after exon‐skipping therapy for DMD. © 2019 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Homozygous c.130–131 ins A (pW44X) mutation in the HAX1 gene as the most common cause of congenital neutropenia in Turkey: Report from the Turkish Severe Congenital Neutropenia Registry
Authors: Yılmaz Karapınar Deniz , Patıroğlu Türkan , Metin Ayşe , Çalışkan Ümran , Celkan Tiraje , Yılmaz Barış , Karakaş Zeynep , Karapınar Tuba H. , Akıncı Burcu , Özkınay Ferda , Onay Hüseyin , Yeşilipek Mehmet Akif , Akar Himmet Haluk , Tüysüz Gülen , Tokgöz Hüseyin , Özdemir Gül Nihal , Aslan Kıykım Ayça , Karaman Serap , Kılınç Yurdanur , Oymak Yeşim , Küpesiz Alphan , Olcay Lale , Keskin Yıldırım Zuhal , Aydoğan Gönül , Gökçe Müge , İleri Talia , Aral Yusuf Ziya , Bay Ali , Atabay Berna , Kaya Zuhre , Söker Murat , Özdemir Karadaş Nihal , Özbek Uğur , Özsait Selçuk Bilge , Özdemir Hamiyet Hekimci , Uygun Vedat , Tezcan Karasu Gülsün , Yılmaz Şebnem 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundSevere congenital neutropenia is a rare disease, and autosomal dominantly inherited ELANE mutation is the most frequently observed genetic defect in the registries from North America and Western Europe. However, in eastern countries where consanguineous marriages are common, autosomal recessive forms might be more frequent.MethodTwo hundred and sixteen patients with severe congenital neutropenia from 28 different pediatric centers in Turkey were registered.ResultsThe most frequently observed mutation was HAX1 mutation (n = 78, 36.1%). A heterozygous ELANE mutation was detected in 29 patients (13.4%) in our cohort. Biallelic mutations of G6PC3 (n = 9, 4.3%), CSF3R (n = 6, 2.9%), and JAGN1 (n = 2, 1%) were also observed. Granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor treatment was given to 174 patients (80.6%). Two patients died with infectious complications, and five patients developed myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myeloblastic leukemia. The mean (± mean standard error) follow‐up period was 129.7 ± 76.3 months, and overall survival was 96.8% (CI, 94.4–99.1%) at the age of 15 years. In Turkey, severe congenital neutropenia mostly resulted from the p W44X mutation in the HAX1 gene.ConclusionIn Turkey, mutation analysis should be started with HAX1, and if this is negative, ELANE and G6PC3 should be checked. Because of the very high percentage of consanguineous marriage, rare mutations should be tested in patients with a negative mutation screen.
NMR analysis of cultivated Sideritis euboea Heldr.
Authors: Tomou Ekaterina‐Michaela , Chatzopoulou Paschalina , Skaltsa Helen 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIntroductionOver the last decades, the demand of medicinal plants has vastly increased. The health trend and social changes are leading to a growing demand for herbal products, as medicines and in particular as food supplements. Various cultivations of medicinal plants have been developed in order not only to respond on this enormous market, but also to offer high‐quality products. Cultivated plants have attracted great scientific interest for their rich and high standard chemical compositions.ObjectiveOur study focuses on the phytochemical profile of cultivated Sideritis euboea Heldr., a shrub with a great commercial value. The whole isolation course of all extracts, fractions and sub‐fractions was continuously monitored and traced down using an NMR strategy, which permitted their detail characterisation and enabled us to choose the more abundant extract.MethodsAerial parts of cultivated S. euboea were extracted with solvents of increasing polarity and their secondary metabolites were identified by NMR analyses.ResultsSo far, using various analytical methods, 16 secondary metabolites have been isolated from the methanol extract; two iridoids, seven flavones, five phenylethanoid glucosides and two phenolic acids. In addition to the previous investigation of the wild population, the present study revealed that its chemical profile is similar and even richer in phenolic compounds.ConclusionThe metabolic profile of cultivated S. euboea was studied through 1H‐NMR spectra; the structures of the isolated secondary metabolites were assigned based on their one‐dimensional and two‐dimensional NMR spectra. The NMR strategy allowed us to detect even the minor compounds in the extracts.
Targeted insertion of large DNA sequences by homology‐directed repair or non‐homologous end joining in engineered tobacco BY‐2 cells using designed zinc finger nucleases
Authors: Schiermeyer Andreas , Schneider Katja , Kirchhoff Janina , Schmelter Thomas , Koch Natalie , Jiang Ke , Herwartz Denise , Blue Ryan , Marri Pradeep , Samuel Pon , Corbin David R. , Webb Steven R. , Gonzalez Delkin O. , Folkerts Otto , Fischer Rainer , Schinkel Helga , Ainley W. Michael , Schillberg Stefan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTargeted integration of recombinant DNA fragments into plant genomes by DNA double‐strand break (DSB) repair mechanisms has become a powerful tool for precision engineering of crops. However, many targeting platforms require the screening of many transgenic events to identify a low number of targeted events among many more random insertion events. We developed an engineered transgene integration platform (ETIP) that uses incomplete marker genes at the insertion site to enable rapid phenotypic screening and recovery of targeted events upon functional reconstitution of the marker genes. The two marker genes, encoding neomycin phosphotransferase II (nptII) and Discosoma sp. red fluorescent protein (DsRed) enable event selection on kanamycin‐containing selective medium and subsequent screening for red fluorescent clones. The ETIP design allows targeted integration of donor DNA molecules either by homology‐directed repair (HDR) or non‐homologous end joining (NHEJ)‐mediated mechanisms. Targeted donor DNA integration is facilitated by zinc finger nucleases (ZFN). The ETIP cassette was introduced into Nicotiana tabacum BY‐2 suspension cells to generate target cell lines containing a single copy locus of the transgene construct. The utility of the ETIP platform has been demonstrated by targeting DNA constructs containing up to 25‐kb payload. The success rate for clean targeted DNA integration was up to 21% for HDR and up to 41% for NHEJ based on the total number of calli analyzed by next‐generation sequencing (NGS). The rapid generation of targeted events with large DNA constructs expands the utility of the nuclease‐mediated gene addition platform both for academia and the commercial sector.
Metaproteomic and Metabolomic Approaches for Characterizing the Gut Microbiome
Authors: Peters Danielle L. , Wang Wenju , Zhang Xu , Ning Zhibin , Mayne Janice , Figeys Daniel 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe gut microbiome has been shown to play a significant role in human healthy and diseased states. The dynamic signaling that occurs between the host and microbiome is critical for the maintenance of host homeostasis. Analyzing the human microbiome with metaproteomics, metabolomics, and integrative multi‐omics analyses can provide significant information on markers for healthy and diseased states, allowing for the eventual creation of microbiome‐targeted treatments for diseases associated with dysbiosis. Metaproteomics enables functional activity information to be gained from the microbiome samples, while metabolomics provides insight into the overall metabolic states affecting/representing the host–microbiome interactions. Combining these functional ‐omic platforms together with microbiome composition profiling allows for a holistic overview on the functional and metabolic state of the microbiome and its influence on human health. Here the benefits of metaproteomics, metabolomics, and the integrative multi‐omic approaches to investigating the gut microbiome in the context of human health and diseases are reviewed.
Pediatric bone marrow transplantation: Psychopathologic features in recipients along with siblings
Authors: Erden Semih , Kuşkonmaz Bülent Barış , Çetinkaya Duygu Uçkan , Ünal Fatih , Özsungur Berna 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo analyze the development of psychopathology in recipients along with their donor and nondonor siblings and the relationship with the bone marrow transplantation (BMT) process.MethodsAll children were interviewed using the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia to assess psychopathology. The depression and anxiety symptoms and self‐esteem of children and adolescents were evaluated using the Children's Depression Inventory, State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children, State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Rosenberg Self‐Esteem Scale.ResultsIn this study, the depressive symptom level was found significantly higher in the donor group compared with the nondonor group. State anxiety symptoms were higher in the BMT group (P < .05). There were no significant differences in trait anxiety symptoms. Self‐respect was higher in children in the donor group compared with those in the BMT group (P < .05). During the transplant process, children with bone marrow transplants had a higher prevalence of depression, anxiety disorder, and attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and nondonor siblings had a higher prevalence of depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, and attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder compared with society in general.ConclusionPhysicians should deal with the family as a whole, not just their patient, and should be aware of the psychiatric risk of other siblings during the assessment.
The response of ocean parameters to tropical cyclones in the Bay of Bengal
Authors: Busireddy Nanda Kishore Reddy , Ankur Kumar , Osuri Krishna Kishore , Sivareddy Sanikommu , Niyogi Dev 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe Bay of Bengal (BoB) exhibits notable seasonal variations in tropical cyclone heat potential (TCHP), barrier layer thickness (BLT) and sea‐surface temperature (SST). These parameters also undergo profound changes in the presence of tropical cyclones (TCs). The composite structures of these ocean parameters as a function of the season of TC formation, intensity, and translation speed are unknown and are developed in the present study. Composite structures are examined based on 1,222 instantaneous samples from 83 TCs during 2003–2016 using INCOIS‐GODAS analyses. A BLT of 10–30 m and TCHP of 40–80 kJ/cm2 favours TC intensification in the central BoB. The multivariate regression of BLT and TCHP appears to be better for TC intensity up to 64 knots and is highly underestimated for the stronger TCs (>64 knots). The TC right‐rear sector experiences significant changes in TCHP anomaly (TCHPA) as the intensity increases. The TCHPA ranges ∼10–15, ∼20–25 and ∼25–30 kJ/cm2 when a TC is at Cyclone Storm (CS), Severe Cyclonic Storm (SCS) and Very SCS (VSCS) stages respectively. The maximum TCHPA is generally aligned along the TC track during the post‐monsoon season. Slow‐moving TCs produce maximum TCHPA cooling of ∼20 kJ/cm2 within 250 km storm radius in the rear sector, while it is less and away from the storm centre for normal and fast‐movers. The seasonal changes showed opposite relations between BLT and TCHP from pre‐ to post‐monsoon seasons during the TC intensification. TC‐induced SST cooling is maximum (∼0.5–1.2 °C) in the inner core for the strong (VSCS and above) and slow‐moving TCs. The cooling decreases with an increase in the translation speed and is more pronounced in the pre‐monsoon season. This study provides a baseline to verify and understand the limitations of the models, and also develop a climatological perspective of BoB TCs.
Diffuse nitrogen pollution control: Moving from riparian zone to headwater catchment approach—A tribute to the influence of Professor Geoff Petts
Authors: Pinay Gilles , Haycock Nicholas E. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA lot of attention has been given to the importance of riparian zones as a nitrogen buffer during the last 30 years. Expectations were high and have resulted often in mismanagement practices. This paper aims at revisiting during this period the main research advancement, questions generated, and the progress in understanding the role of interactions between land and water in river system functioning. We describe how the seminal papers published in the 1980s on the role of riparian zone as nitrogen buffer have triggered several fundamental and applied questions related to the mechanisms at stake or their long efficiency in different hydrological and climatic contexts. We then address how this local riparian buffer capacity can be evaluated at the small drainage basin scale. We finally touch upon the restoration and protection of riparian zones in the context of climate change and especially its potential role on local and global water fluxes and other key aquatic ecosystem functions.
Human Cord Blood-Derived Unrestricted Somatic Stem Cell Infusion Improves Neurobehavioral Outcome in a Rabbit Model of Intraventricular Hemorrhage
Authors: Vinukonda Govindaiah , Liao Yanling , Hu Furong , Ivanova Larisa , Purohit Deepti , Finkel Dina A. , Giri Priyadarshani , Bapatla Lakshmipramoda , Shah Shetal , Zia Muhammed T. , Hussein Karen , Cairo Mitchell S. , La Gamma Edmund F. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is a severe complication of preterm birth, which leads to hydrocephalus, cerebral palsy, and mental retardation. There are no available therapies to cure IVH, and standard treatment is supportive care. Unrestricted somatic stem cells (USSCs) from human cord blood have reparative effects in animal models of brain and spinal cord injuries. USSCs were administered to premature rabbit pups with IVH and their effects on white matter integrity and neurobehavioral performance were evaluated. USSCs were injected either via intracerebroventricular (ICV) or via intravenous (IV) routes in 3 days premature (term 32d) rabbit pups, 24 hours after glycerol-induced IVH. The pups were sacrificed at postnatal days 3, 7, and 14 and effects were compared to glycerol-treated but unaffected or nontreated control. Using in vivo live bioluminescence imaging and immunohistochemical analysis, injected cells were found in the injured parenchyma on day 3 when using the IV route compared to ICV where cells were found adjacent to the ventricle wall forming aggregates; we did not observe any adverse events from either route of administration. The injected USSCs were functionally associated with attenuated microglial infiltration, less apoptotic cell death, fewer reactive astrocytes, and diminished levels of key inflammatory cytokines (TNFα and IL1β). In addition, we observed better preservation of myelin fibers, increased myelin gene expression, and altered reactive astrocyte distribution in treated animals, and this was associated with improved locomotor function. Overall, our findings support the possibility that USSCs exert anti-inflammatory effects in the injured brain mitigating many detrimental consequences associated with IVH. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:1157–1169
A Turn‐On Fluorescence Probe for Rapid Detection of Hypochlorite in Living Cells and in Vitro
Authors: Xie Ya , Haung Lijia , Yan Liqiang , Li Jianping 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA turn on fluorescence probe for the rapid detection of hypochlorite (ClO−) was prepared successfully. The detection performances of this probe were studied by virtue of ultraviolet absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. The results demonstrated that this probe displayed excellent colorimetric and noteworthy fluorescence enhancement after interaction with hypochlorite (ClO−) and showed good selectivity and sensitivity for ClO− over other analytes in solution. Due to the short reaction time, high selectivity and sensitivity, this probe was successfully used in the detection of ClO− in living cells and water samples.
Peripheral Fluorophore Functionalized Shape‐Persistent [2+3] Organic Cage for Highly Selective Detection of Picric Acid
Authors: Sharma Vivekanand , Chatterjee Nabanita , Srivastava Payal , De Dinesh , Bharadwaj Parimal K. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis work manifests the synthesis of an amine functionalized organic cage NCa, using dynamic covalent imine chemistry offering facile proton transfer from picric acid (PA) to NCa, provide a remarkable selectivity for PA and function as a chemosensor. Owing to presence of electron rich environment at its periphery, this cage was outstanding in selectivity for the explosive picric acid. Theoretical studies revealed an unusual electron transfer takes place in ground‐state from picrate anion to the chemosensor NCa and simultaneous occurrence of FRET from protonated NCa to picrate. In addition to this, direct contact mode analysis is carried out for rapid practical applications and results were satisfactory.
Memory‐aware kernel mechanism and policies for improving internode load balancing on NUMA systems
Authors: Chiang Mei‐Ling , Su Wei‐Lun , Tu Shu‐Wei , Lin Zhen‐Wei 
Published: July 2019

SummaryAlthough nonuniform memory access architecture provides better scalability for multicore systems, cores accessing memory on remote nodes take longer than those accessing on local nodes. Remote memory access accompanied by contention for internode interconnection degrades performance. Properly mapping threads to cores and data accessed to their nodes can substantially improve performance and energy efficiency. However, an operating system kernel's load‐balancing activity may migrate threads across nodes, which thus messes up the thread mapping. Besides, subsequent data mapping behavior pays for the cost of page migration to reduce remote memory access. Once unsuitable threads are migrated, it is detrimental to system performance. This paper focuses on improving the kernel's internode load balancing on nonuniform memory access systems. We develop a memory‐aware kernel mechanism and policies to reduce remote memory access incurred by internode thread migration. The Linux kernel's load balancing mechanism is modified to incorporate selection policies in the internode thread migration, and the kernel is modified to track the amount of memory used by each thread on each node. With this information, well‐designed policies can then choose suitable threads for internode migration. The purpose is to avoid migrating a thread that might incur relatively more remote memory access and page migration. The experimental results show that with our mechanism and the proposed selection policies, the system performance is substantially increased when compared with the unmodified Linux kernel that does not consider memory usage and always migrates the first‐fit thread in the runqueue that can be migrated to the target central processing unit.