bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sustainable development: Implications and definition for open sustainability
Authors: Ukko Juhani , Saunila Minna , Rantala Tero , Havukainen Jouni 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis study deals with sustainable development from a triple bottom‐line perspective, including the economic, social, and environmental dimensions. Specifically, this study investigates whether various sustainability factors are related to small businesses' intentions to exploit open sustainability, which is described as meeting sustainability challenges through the exploitation of internal and external initiatives. Empirical data were collected from 139 companies. The results show that some factors from all three sustainability dimensions affect companies' intentions to exploit open sustainability, while company size and operations type do not influence the use of open sustainability. As an emerging concept, the definition of open sustainability is presented.
Responses to rival exit: Product variety, market expansion, and preexisting market structure
Authors: Ren Charlotte R. , Hu Ye , Cui Tony H. 
Published: October 2018

Research SummaryThis study investigates incumbent responses to a main rival's exit. We argue that long‐time rivals have developed an equilibrium by offering a mix of overlapping and unique products and by choosing geographic proximity to each other. A rival's exit, however, disrupts this equilibrium and motivates surviving firms to expand in both product and geographic spaces to seek a new equilibrium. Using data from all U.S. Best Buy stores before and after the exit of Circuit City, we find that Best Buy uses product variety expansion as its major response in markets where Circuit City was colocated, but it more often responds by opening new stores in non‐colocated markets. Regardless of preexisting market structures, the magnitude of product variety expansion decreases with the opening of new stores.Managerial SummaryHow do surviving firms respond to a major rival's exit? By studying Best Buy's responses to Circuit City's withdrawal, we find the survivor expands in both product space (increasing product variety) and geographic space (opening new stores), due to two motives. First, the survivor strives to fill in “holes” left in the market. Second, the survivor experiences uncertainty in the postexit world wherein its reference point is gone, threat of potential entry looms, and it lacks information about new entrants. Thus, it must deter potential entry ex ante by preempting many prime product and geographic locations. Best Buy also responds according to preexisting market structures, primarily through product variety expansion in markets wherein Circuit City was colocated and through opening new stores in non‐colocated markets.
Analyzing reviews guided by App descriptions for the software development and evolution
Authors: Liu Yuzhou , Liu Lei , Liu Huaxiao , Wang Xiaoyu 
Published: October 2018

AbstractReviews in App stores are a massive and fast‐growing data resource for developers to understand user experiences and their needs. Studies show that users often express their sentiments on App features in reviews, and this information is important for the development and evolution of Apps. To help developers gain such information efficiently, this paper proposes a method using App descriptions, another typical data in App stores, to guide the analysis of reviews. Firstly, we extract App features from descriptions, then summarize them to gain topics of App features as high‐level information; the results are formalized as a topic‐based domain model (TBDM). Secondly, we train classifiers of reviews based on the model to establish the relationships between user sentiments and App features. Finally, a quantified method is given to analyze the model based on developer preferences for recommending and summarizing reviews. To evaluate our approach, experiments were conducted using the App descriptions and reviews collected from Google Play. The results indicate that the approach can classify reviews to their related App features effectively (average F measure is 86.13%), and provides useful information for overall analyzing App features in a domain and identifying (dis)advantages of an App.
Impact of CD39 expression on CD4+ T lymphocytes and 6q deletion on outcome of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Zaki Eman Mosaad , Zahran Asmaa Mohamed , Metwaly Alshimaa Abdelazeem , Hafez Rania , Hussein Safinaz , Mohammed Abdallah Elaiw 
Published: October 2018

Objective/Background:
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is one of the commonest leukemias affecting adults. CD39 inhibits T-cell and Natural killer (NK) cell responses by hydrolyzing adenosine triphosphate and adenosine diphosphate, suppressing the immune system. We investigated expression of CD39 on CD4+ T Lymphocytes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients and its relationship with deletion 6q, its association with disease stage and survival.

Methods:
Thirty CLL patients and 20 matched controls were included in the study. Bone marrow studies with immunophenotyping, CD39, CD38, and ZAP-70, and detection of del 6q by FISH were performed.

Results:
CD39+ CD4+ T helper cells in CLL patients were significantly expressed compared with the controls (p < .001). Levels of CD39+ CD4+ T cells were significantly expressed in high risk CLL patients. Del 6q was detected in 63.3% of patients and it correlated with CD39, CD38, and ZAP-70, and advanced stage disease. There was a significant relation between response to treatment and CD39 expression and del 6q, also there was a significant difference in overall survival (OS) between patients with and without Del 6q.

Conclusion:
CD39 expression on CD4+ Tcells and del 6q act as prognostic markers in CLL. Blocking or inhibition of CD39 may be a target for new immune therapy for CLL.
Gestational folic acid supplementation does not affects the maternal behavior and the early development of rats submitted to neonatal hypoxia‐ischemia but the high supplementation impairs the dam's memory and the Na+, K+ ‐ ATPase activity in the pup's hippocampus
Authors: Deniz Bruna Ferrary , Confortim Heloísa Deola , Deckmann Iohanna , Miguel Patrícia Maidana , Bronauth Loise , de Oliveira Bruna Chaves , Vieira Milene Cardoso , dos Santos Tiago Marcon , Bertó Carolina Gessinger , Hartwig Josiane , Wyse Ângela Terezinha de Souza , Pereira Lenir Orlandi 
Published: October 2018

AbstractFolic acid (FA) is a B‐complex vitamin important to the development of the fetus, being supplemented during pregnancy. Our recent findings showed that gestation supplementation (normal and excess doses) prevented the cognitive deficits and BDNF imbalance in adult rats that were submitted to neonatal hypoxia‐ischemia (HI). To better understand this protective effect, the present study aimed to evaluate whether FA supplementation could be related to (1) maternal behavior, memory and Na+, K+ ‐ ATPase activity in the hippocampus of the dams; (2) on somatic growth, early neurobehavioral development and Na+, K+ ‐ ATPase activity in the hippocampus of the offspring; and (3) the effects of this supplementation in pups submitted to neonatal HI. Pregnant Wistar rats were divided into three groups, according to the diet they received during gestation: standard diet (SD), supplemented with 2 mg/kg of FA (FA2 – normal dose) and supplemented with 20 mg/kg of FA (FA20 –excessive dose). At the 7th PND pups were submitted to the Levine‐Vannucci model of HI. During weaning the maternal behavior, the somatic growth and the neurobehavior development of pups were assessed. After weaning, the memory of the dams (by the Ox‐maze task) and the Na+, K+ ‐ ATPase activity in the hippocampus of both dams and offspring were evaluated. Considering the dams (1), both doses of FA did not alter the maternal behavior or the Na+, K+ ‐ ATPase activity in the hippocampus, but a memory deficit was observed in the high FA‐supplemented mothers. Considering the offspring (2), both FA doses did not affect the somatic growth or the neurobehavior development, but the FA20 pups had a decreased Na+, K+ ‐ ATPase activity in the hippocampus. The FA supplementation did not change the parameters evaluated in the HI rats (3) and did not prevent the decreased Na+, K+ ‐ ATPase activity in the hippocampus of the HI pups. These results indicate that normal FA supplementation dose does not influence the maternal behavior and memory and does not impact on the offspring early development in rats. Further studies are needed to confirm the effects of the high FA supplementation dose in the dams’ memory and in the Na+, K+ ‐ ATPase activity in the hippocampus of the offspring.
Risk factors of orthopedic surgical site infection in Jordan: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Najjar Yahya W. , Al-Wahsh Zeinab M. , Hamdan Mohammad , Saleh Mohammad Y. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT

Background:
Orthopedic surgical site infection represents a hospital acquired infection among orthopedic surgery patients, which in turn delays normal recovery process and increases hospital length of stay and health care costs. As a result, risk factors for orthopedic surgical site infection should be identified thereby allowing the application of protective interventions that may inhibit the occurrence of such infection.

Objectives:
To determine risk factors of surgical site infection in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery in Jordan.

Materials and methods:
The study employed prospective, multi-center approach to collect data about orthopedic surgery patients through assessing their health status and reviewing their medical records and monitoring for occurrence of surgical site infection within 90 days after operation.

Results:
286 patients met the eligibility criteria from 18 hospitals. Only surgical wound classification and length of postoperative stay wound were found to be significant risk factors for orthopedic surgical site infection.

Conclusion:
Surgical wound classification and length of postoperative stay were identified as risk factors for orthopedic surgical site infection. Risk factors that did not predict occurrence of orthopedic surgical site infection can be identified by other research strategies than the one used in this study, which could be conducted retrospectively or by conducting prospective studies that are both community-based and hospital-based with larger sample sizes.

Highlights:
A review of coupling mechanism designs for modular reconfigurable robots
Authors: Saab Wael , Racioppo Peter , Ben-Tzvi Pinhas 
Published: October 2018

SUMMARYWith the increasing demands for versatile robotic platforms capable of performing a variety of tasks in diverse and uncertain environments, the needs for adaptable robotic structures have been on the rise. These requirements have led to the development of modular reconfigurable robotic systems that are composed of a numerous self-sufficient modules. Each module is capable of establishing rigid connections between multiple modules to form new structures that enable new functionalities. This allows the system to adapt to unknown tasks and environments. In such structures, coupling between modules is of crucial importance to the overall functionality of the system. Over the last two decades, researchers in the field of modular reconfigurable robotics have developed novel coupling mechanisms intended to establish rigid and robust connections, while enhancing system autonomy and reconfigurability. In this paper, we review research contributions related to robotic coupling mechanism designs, with the aim of outlining current progress and identifying key challenges and opportunities that lay ahead. By presenting notable design approaches to coupling mechanisms and the most relevant efforts at addressing the challenges of sensorization, misalignment tolerance, and autonomous reconfiguration, we hope to provide a useful starting point for further research into the field of modular reconfigurable robotics and other applications of robotic coupling.
An Evidence Based Approach to the First Unprovoked Seizure
Authors: Wiebe Samuel 
Published: October 2018

Abstract:The objective is to illustrate the creation and structure of a particular type of Evidence Based Care (EBC) summary that has direct clinical relevance, the Critically Appraised Topic (CAT). The process consists of a step-by-step application of the EBC principles to a common neurological problem, ie., a patient presenting with a first, unprovoked generalized seizure. This includes asking a focused clinical question about prognosis for recurrence and the role of antiepileptic drugs; searching the literature to answer the question; selecting the relevant evidence (a meta-analysis about prognosis and a randomized controlled trial about therapy); appraising the literature for its validity and usefulness; and applying the results to the clinical scenario. The result is a one-page, user friendly CAT whose title states a declarative answer to the clinical question. It also contains a description of the literature search and of the evidence, the clinical bottom lines derived from the evidence, and general comments.
The Impact of Aging on Vasa Nervorum, Nerve Blood Flow and Vasopressin Responsiveness
Authors: Kihara Mikihiro , Shioyama Mitsuaki , Okuda Kazuto , Takahashi Mitsuo 
Published: October 2018

Abstract:Objective:Aging impacts microvessels in a number of tissue beds. Vasopressin acts as a vasoconstrictor in most blood vessels but may also cause vasodilation. We evaluated the role of aging and vasopressin in the regulation of nerve blood flow (NBF) in rat peripheral nerve.Methods:We undertook a dose-response study to examine the impact of aging on resting NBF and its vasoreactivity to vasopressin. Nerve blood flow was measured using microelectrode hydrogen polarography. Argininevasopressin was administered both intra-arterially and topically.Results:In young adult rats (two months old) topical epineurial application of arginine-vasopressin produced a concentration-dependent reduction of NBF (ED50= 3.8 X 10-5 mol/L). Intra-arterial arginine-vasopressin also reduced NBF. Nerve blood flow was lower in aged rats (12 months old) and less responsive to topically applied vasopressin. The aging group had significantly higher concentrations of vasopressin in plasma than did the younger group.Conclusions:The results suggest that vasopressin constricts vessels in peripheral nerve and that there is an age related decline in the vasoconstrictive response to vasopressin. There may be a reduction in receptor sensitivity in vascular smooth muscle cells in peripheral nerve with increasing age.
Long noncoding RNA neuroblastoma-associated transcript 1 gene inhibits malignant cellular phenotypes of bladder cancer through miR-21/SOCS6 axis
Authors: Liu Zhongyuan , Xie Dalong , Zhang Hui 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBladder cancer (BC) is one of the most common tumors in the urinary system. Noncoding RNAs are considered to take part in cellular phenotypes and are emerging as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of BC. The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical significance of neuroblastoma- associated transcript 1 (NBAT1) gene and its effects on malignant cellular phenotypes in BC. NBAT1 gene was low-expressed in BC tissues and cell lines and its low-expression was related with high pathological grade and metastasis of BC. Upregulation of NBAT1 gene depressed cell viability and invasiveness of KK47 and T24 cells and arrested KK47 and T24 cells at G1 stage. In addition, NBAT1 could target silence the expression of miR-21-5p in RNA-induced silencing complex-dependent manner. KK47 and T24 cells with miR-21-5p knockdown showed reduced cell viability, G1-stage arrest, and depressed invasiveness. MiR-21-5p mediates the regulatory effects of NBAT1 on malignant cellular phenotypes of BC cells. Moreover, SOCS6 gene was a target gene of miR-21-5p, and miR-21-5p modulated malignant cellular phenotypes of KK47 and T24 cells through targeted silencing of SOCS6. In conclusion, low-expression of NBAT1 is associated with the progress and metastasis of BC, and NBAT1 inhibits malignant cellular phenotypes through miR-21-5p/SOCS6 axis in BC. Our findings help to elucidate the tumorigenesis of BC, and future study will provide a novel therapeutic target for BC.
Machine learning and structural analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis pan-genome identifies genetic signatures of antibiotic resistance
Authors: Kavvas Erol S. , Catoiu Edward , Mih Nathan , Yurkovich James T. , Seif Yara , Dillon Nicholas , Heckmann David , Anand Amitesh , Yang Laurence , Nizet Victor , Monk Jonathan M. , Palsson Bernhard O. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMycobacterium tuberculosis is a serious human pathogen threat exhibiting complex evolution of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Accordingly, the many publicly available datasets describing its AMR characteristics demand disparate data-type analyses. Here, we develop a reference strain-agnostic computational platform that uses machine learning approaches, complemented by both genetic interaction analysis and 3D structural mutation-mapping, to identify signatures of AMR evolution to 13 antibiotics. This platform is applied to 1595 sequenced strains to yield four key results. First, a pan-genome analysis shows that M. tuberculosis is highly conserved with sequenced variation concentrated in PE/PPE/PGRS genes. Second, the platform corroborates 33 genes known to confer resistance and identifies 24 new genetic signatures of AMR. Third, 97 epistatic interactions across 10 resistance classes are revealed. Fourth, detailed structural analysis of these genes yields mechanistic bases for their selection. The platform can be used to study other human pathogens.
Salmonella enterica isolates from Western Australian rangeland goats remain susceptible to critically important antimicrobials
Authors: Al-Habsi Khalid , Jordan David , Harb Ali , Laird Tanya , Yang Rongchang , O’Dea Mark , Jacobson Caroline , Miller David W. , Ryan Una , Abraham Sam 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis study investigated faecal carriage and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of Salmonella enterica recovered from rangeland goats. Faecal samples (n = 400) were collected at slaughter from four consignments of goats (n = 100 samples per consignment), each from one of four localities in Western Australia. Carriage of Salmonella spp. was detected in 106 samples (26.5%; 95% CI 22.4–31.0%). The rate of faecal carriage for each consignment ranged between 23–30%. PCR assays targeting the STM2755 and STM4497 genes revealed 84.9% (90/106) of the isolates were of serovar Typhimurium. Salmonella Chester (11/106, 10.4%) and S. Saintpaul (5/106, 4.7%) were characterised at invA and ompF genes. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing demonstrated that 84.0% of isolates were susceptible to all tested (n = 13) antimicrobials. Resistance was identified to azithromycin (14.2%), tetracycline (10.4%), ampicillin (5.7%), amoxicillin–clavulanate and cefoxitin (3.8%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (1.9%), gentamicin and streptomycin (0.9%). No isolate was resistant to four or more antimicrobials, or to critically important antimicrobials such as fluoroquinolones and extended spectrum cephalosporins. This is the first study reporting AMR in Salmonella isolates from Australian rangeland goats. The rate of detection of AMR was very low, some resistance to low-importance drugs was present in the Salmonella population, despite the absence of active selection pressure.
Acclimation responses of macaw palm seedlings to contrasting light environments
Authors: Dias Adriel N. , Siqueira-Silva Advanio I. , Souza João P. , Kuki Kacilda N. , Pereira Eduardo G. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe photosynthetic adjustments of macaw palm (Acrocomia aculeata) were evaluated in 30-day-old seedlings exposed to high and low light environments, and sudden transference from low to high light and comparisons were made with the hardening protocol used in nurseries. Furthermore, we evaluated the responses to long-term exposure (265 days) to high and low light environments. Macaw palm seedlings exhibited an efficient mechanism that maximized light capture under scarce conditions, and dissipated excess energy to avoid damaging to the photosystem II under high light. The seedlings showed low saturation irradiance but no photoinhibition when exposed to excess light. When grown under low light intensities, seedlings presented higher photochemical efficiency and minimized the respiratory costs with positive carbon balance at lower irradiance than hardened seedlings did. The hardening procedure did not appear to be an advantageous method during seedling production. Long-term exposure to either low or high light did not cause significant leaf anatomical adjustments. However, the low light seedlings showed higher leaf area and chlorophyll content than those exposed to higher light intensity did, which enabled shaded seedlings to maximize the captured light. Furthermore, the high non-photochemical dissipation allowed rapid acclimation to excessive light exposure. These responses allow macaw palm cultivation and establishment in very different light environments.
Xenon solubility and formation of supercritical xenon precipitates in glasses under non-equilibrium conditions
Authors: Mir Anamul H. , Hinks J. A. , Delaye Jean-Marc , Peuget Sylvain , Donnelly S. E. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractEstimates of noble gas solubility in glasses and minerals are important to understand the origin of these gases, particularly xenon, in the atmosphere. However, technical difficulties and ambiguities in quantifying the dissolved gases introduce large uncertainties in the solubility estimates. We present here the use of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with in-situ noble gas ion implantation as a non-equilibrium approach for noble gas solubility estimates. Using a suitable Xe equation of state and Monte-Carlo simulations of TEM images, a clear distinction between Xe filled precipitates and empty voids is made. Furthermore, implantation-induced changes in the solubility are estimated using molecular dynamics simulations. These studies allow us to evaluate the xenon solubility of irradiated and pristine silica glasses and monitor in-situ the diffusion-mediated dynamics between the precipitates and voids — otherwise impossible to capture. On exceeding the solubility limit, supercritical xenon precipitates, stable at least up to 1155 K, are formed. The results highlight the high capacity of silicates to store xenon and, predict higher solubility of radiogenic xenon due to the accompanying radiation damage.