bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PRK and Butterfly LASEK: Prospective, Randomized, Contralateral Eye Comparison of Epithelial Healing and Ocular Discomfort
Authors: Ghanem Vinícius C. , Souza Giselle C. , Souza Denise C. , Viese Juliana M.Z. , Weber Sarah L.P. , Kara-José Newton 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
To compare corneal reepithelialization, pain scores, ocular discomfort, and tear production after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and butterfly laser epithelial keratomileusis (LASEK).

Methods
This prospective, randomized, double-masked study comprised 102 eyes of 51 patients who underwent laser refractive surgery. Each patient was randomized to have one eye operated on with PRK and the other with butterfly LASEK. Patients were followed for 1 year.

Results

The mean reepithelialization time in the PRK group was 4.35±0.48 days (range: 4 to 5 days) and 4.75±0.72 days (range: 4 to 6 days) in the butterfly LASEK group (
P
<.002). Pain scores and ocular discomfort were not statistically different between groups, although a trend towards a lower pain level with PRK was noted (3.31±4.09 vs 4.43±4.27;
P
=.18). Schirmer test values were significantly reduced from preoperative levels through 12 months with both PRK (23.6±8.1 vs 19.4±10.1;
P
<.002) and butterfly LASEK (22.4±8.7 vs 18.9±9.7;
P
=.01); however, no difference between groups was noted at any time.

Conclusions

Photorefractive keratectomy showed a modest but statistically significant shorter reepithelialization time and a tendency towards lower pain scores than butterfly LASEK. The reepithelialization time was strongly associated with the duration of surgery in both techniques. A similar reduction of Schirmer test values was observed up to 1 year postoperatively in both groups. [
J Refract Surg
. 2008;24:591–599.]
Intrasubject Corneal Thickness Asymmetry
Authors: Khachikian Stephen S. , Belin Michael W. , Ciolino Joseph B. 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
To establish the normal distribution for intrasubject (right eye/left eye) central corneal pachymetry in a refractive surgery population.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was performed on 1448 eyes of 724 consecutive patients evaluated for refractive surgery. Pachymetric data were obtained from the Pentacam Eye Scanner. Right and left eye pachymetry values were compared for the corneal apex, pupil center, and thinnest point. Statistical analysis was performed to determine normal levels of variance.

Results
The average apex reading was 539.3±36.8 µm, median 542 µm, and mode 539 µm (range: 411 to 664 µm). Values for the pupil center (average 538.7 µm) and thinnest point (average 536.1 µm) followed a similar distribution. The average pachymetry difference between fellow eyes was 8.8±7.2 µm at the apex, 8.9±8.3 µm at the pupil center, and 9.0±8.3 µm at the thinnest region.

Conclusions

Individuals with a greater than 23.2 µm apical pachymetry difference represent less than 5% of the population. Individuals with an apical difference greater than 30.4 µm represent less than 0.5%. Pachymetric asymmetry outside the normal range should alert the clinician to examine for other parameters that are more established refractive surgery risk factors. [
J Refract Surg
. 2008;24:606–609.]
Posterior Chamber Visian Implantable Collamer Lens: Stability and Evaluation Following Traumatic Grenade Explosion
Authors: McCauley Matthew B. , Anderson Daniel M. , Johnson Anthony J. 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
To report traumatic injury of a patient implanted with Visian Implantable Collamer (ICL) (STAAR Surgical) lenses.

Methods
A 31-year-old man underwent bilateral implantation of Visian ICLs in 2006. Eight months postoperatively, the patient was serving in a combat zone and sustained blunt and fragmentation injuries from a grenade explosion. He was wearing full battle gear, which included ballistic-tested sunglasses, at the time of the assault.

Results
Large intraorbital foreign bodies and globe trauma were identified as a result of the grenade explosion. Visual acuity was unaffected and the phakic intraocular lenses remained stable.

Conclusions

This first report of combat trauma in a patient implanted with bilateral phakic ICLs emphasizes the importance of eye protection. Further study of the stability and cataract formation rates in eyes that sustain blunt trauma after ICL implantation is needed. [
J Refract Surg.
2008;24:648–651.]
Voir, observer, penser
Authors: Cassigneul Adèle 
Published: April 2019

Ce chapitre a pour point de départ la relation que Virginia Woolf entretenait avec les images : prises de vue et conception d’albums photos depuis sa plus tendre enfance, rédaction de « The Cinema », conception d’un roman, Orlando, illustré de photographies et de reproductions de tableaux, et création de scrapbooks (albums de coupures de presse) en vue de l’élaboration de son essai Trois guinées. Par son vouloir voir passionné, Woolf impose son point de vue. Il s’agit pour elle de percevoir, donc de sentir le monde ; il s’agit d’observer, donc de comprendre le monde. Son écriture est ici analysée comme étant traversée d’images (diégèses, cadres narratifs, lecture) et sous-tendue d’une « poéthique » de la révélation. La révélation est à la base du dispositif texte/image dans Trois guinées, où l’auteure souhaite éveiller les consciences de ses contemporains aux atrocités de la guerre ainsi qu’à l’inégalité homme-femme. Le texte s’offre alors à notre regard et nous enjoint à une lecture éclairante et participative. Il met en place une convergence de l’œil du narrateur et de l’œil du lecteur par une écriture d’images, véritable « imageographie ».
Satellite-derived sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions from the 2014–2015 Holuhraun eruption (Iceland)
Authors: Carboni Elisa , Mather Tamsin A. , Schmidt Anja , Grainger Roy G. , Pfeffer Melissa A. , Ialongo Iolanda , Theys Nicolas 
Published: April 2019

Abstract. The 6-month-long 2014–2015 Holuhraun eruption was the largest in Iceland for
200 years, emitting huge quantities of sulfur dioxide (SO2) into the
troposphere, at times overwhelming European anthropogenic emissions. Weather,
terrain and latitude made continuous ground-based or UV satellite sensor
measurements challenging. Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI)
data are used to derive the first time series of daily
SO2 mass present in the atmosphere and its vertical
distribution over the entire eruption period. A new optimal estimation scheme
is used to calculate daily SO2 fluxes and average e-folding time
every 12 h. For the 6 months studied, the SO2 flux was observed to
be up to 200 kt day−1 and the minimum total SO2 erupted mass
was 4.4±0.8 Tg. The average SO2 e-folding time was
2.4±0.6 days. Where comparisons are possible, these results broadly agree
with ground-based near-source measurements, independent remote-sensing data
and values obtained from model simulations from a previous paper. The results
highlight the importance of using high-resolution time series data to
accurately estimate volcanic SO2 emissions. The SO2 mass
missed due to thermal contrast is estimated to be of the order of 3 % of
the total emission when compared to measurements by the Ozone Monitoring
Instrument. A statistical correction for cloud based on the AVHRR cloud-CCI
data set suggested that the SO2 mass missed due to cloud cover could
be significant, up to a factor of 2 for the plume within the first kilometre
from the vent. Applying this correction results in a total erupted mass of
6.7±0.4 Tg and little change in average e-folding time. The data set
derived can be used for comparisons to other ground- and satellite-based
measurements and to petrological estimates of the SO2 flux. It could
also be used to initialise climate model simulations, helping to better
quantify the environmental and climatic impacts of future Icelandic fissure
eruptions and simulations of past large-scale flood lava eruptions.
<i>Un tal Ernestico/a certain Ernestico</i>: On the structure of proper names
Authors: Camacho José 
Published: April 2019

Proper names are usually assumed to be definite. In this paper we question this assumption by analyzing the Spanish construction un tal ‘X’ ‘a certain ‘X’’. We show that ‘un tal ‘X’’ has two meanings, one evidential and one evaluative, and with the evidential meaning the determiner must be indefinite. In those conditions, ‘X’ is always a proper name. We argue that proper names usually involve a presuppositional, familiar referent, expressed through the definite determiner. However, evidentiality conflicts with familiarity, hence the definite is no longer possible. Finally, we argue that proper names are licensed by features from a hierarchy that applies either to the referential base, yielding person licensing, or to an evidential base, producing sequences such as un tal ‘X’.
De pro rato transitievergoeding bij gedeeltelijk ontslag: de Hoge Raad gaat ‘off-road’
Authors: Bij de Vaate Vivian , Pinedo Daniëlle 
Published: April 2019

De pro rato transitievergoeding bij gedeeltelijk ontslag: de Hoge Raad gaat ‘off-road’
In de baanbrekende Kolom-beschikking van 14 september 2018 heeft de Hoge Raad de vraag of bij een gedeeltelijk ontslag of arbeidstijdvermindering aanspraak bestaat op een (gedeeltelijke) transitievergoeding bevestigend beantwoord. De nieuwe kaders die de Hoge Raad schept, roepen evenwel veel nieuwe vragen op. In deze bijdrage bespreken de auteurs het juridisch kader omtrent het vraagstuk van de partiële opzegging of ontbinding van de arbeidsovereenkomst en de pro rato transitievergoeding. Ook stellen zij de reikwijdte van de Kolom-beschikking ter discussie en gaan zij in op een aantal vragen die in dat verband rijzen. Ten slotte plaatsen zij de beschikking in Europees perspectief.
Pravidla vztahující se na činnost veřejného ochránce práv a kritéria uplatnitelná na užití jeho volné úvahy
Authors: Chamráthová Anna 
Published: April 2019

Článek se zabývá tím, zda lze na činnost veřejného ochránce práv, instituce z povahy věci a ze zásady nesvázané procesními předpisy, vztáhnout i jiná pravidla a kritéria než ta zákonná. Zaměřuje se především na to, jak tato kritéria mohou limitovat užití volné úvahy ochránce. V první části článek proto popisuje, ve kterých případech činnosti ochránce a do jaké míry se jedná o užití jeho volného uvážení. Hlavní část textu je poté zaměřena na podrobnou analýzu, jaká pravidla a kritéria by se na činnost ochránce a užívání jeho volné úvahy potenciálně mohla vztahovat. Následně se článek zabývá tím, na které případy užití volné úvahy ochránce by bylo vhodné nalezená kritéria aplikovat. V závěru jsou představeny možnosti, jakým způsobem lze externě přezkoumat to, zda ochránce pravidla regulující jeho činnost dodržuje.
Nečinnost a nezákonný zásah ve veřejné správě – rozdílné kategorie, či nikoliv?
Authors: Halml František 
Published: April 2019

Podstatu veřejné správy představuje správa jako aktivní konání správních orgánů. Opakem činnosti veřejné správy je nečinnost, která je nežádoucím jevem ve veřejné správě. Další kategorii nežádoucího jednání veřejné správy představují nezákonné zásahy. Ochranu subjektivních práv veřejné povahy ve zkoumané oblasti poskytuje žaloba proti nečinnosti a zásahová žaloba. Nečinnost a nezákonný zásah ve veřejné správě vykazují mnoho společných znaků, což potvrdila zejména judikatura Nejvyššího správního soudu. Objevují se názory o vhodnosti sloučení uvedených žalobních typů s tím, že by nadále byla jakákoliv nečinnost pokládána za nezákonný zásah. Cílem článku je zhodnocení odůvodněnosti samostatné existence uvedených žalobních typů kvůli jejich velmi podobným rysům.
Bone morphogenetic protein 4 regulates immortalized chicken preadipocyte proliferation by promoting G1/S cell cycle progression
Authors: Chen Hongyan , Liu Chang , Chen Chong , Su Zhiyong , Shu Jingting , Zhang Ming , Li Hui , Cheng Bohan 
Published: April 2019

Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) has been reported to regulate adipose development, but its role in preadipocyte proliferation has not been explored in vitro. Here, we investigated the effect of BMP4 on chicken preadipocyte proliferation using immortalized chicken preadipocytes (ICP1 cells) as a cell model. We report that BMP4 expression increases during preadipocyte proliferation. Overexpression and knockdown of BMP4 promotes and inhibits preadipocyte proliferation, respectively. In addition, overexpression of BMP4 decreased the number of preadipocytes at the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle, and increased the proportion of cells at S phase. In contrast, knockdown of BMP4 increased the number of preadipocytes at the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle, and decreased the proportion of cells at the S and G2 phases. Furthermore, overexpression of BMP4 promoted the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Id2, cyclin E, and cyclin‐dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), while knockdown of BMP4 inhibited the expression of Id2, cyclin E, and CDK2. Finally, neither BMP4 overexpression nor BMP4 knockdown affected cell apoptosis. Taken together, our results suggest that BMP4 may promote proliferation of ICP1 cells by driving cell cycle transition from G1 to S phase.
Active Mixing of Disparate Inks for Multimaterial 3D Printing
Authors: Ortega Jason M. , Golobic Melody , Sain John D. , Lenhardt Jeremy M. , Wu Amanda S. , Fisher Scott E. , Perez Perez Lemuel X. , Jaycox Adam W. , Smay James E. , Duoss Eric B. , Wilson Thomas S. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract3D printing of multimaterial parts relies upon efficient mixing of the ink components and a rapid response to composition changes. However, at low Reynolds numbers and large Peclet numbers, mixing disparate viscosity and density inks poses a challenge. In this study, the performance of active micromixers for disparate non‐Newtonian inks is evaluated using both experiments and computational fluid dynamics simulations. The mixing efficiencies are compared with scaling relationships for active micromixers. Using detailed simulation results, multiple factors are identified that can impact the micromixer response time during a composition change. Lastly, an active micromixer is proposed and evaluated to efficiently mix arbitrary multimaterial ink compositions and produce fine composition gradients within printed parts.
A hexanucleotide repeat modifies expressivity of X‐linked dystonia parkinsonism
Authors: Westenberger Ana , Reyes Charles Jourdan , Saranza Gerard , Dobricic Valerija , Hanssen Henrike , Domingo Aloysius , Laabs Björn‐Hergen , Schaake Susen , Pozojevic Jelena , Rakovic Aleksandar , Grütz Karen , Begemann Kimberly , Walter Uwe , Dressler Dirk , Bauer Peter , Rolfs Arndt , Münchau Alexander , Kaiser Frank J. , Ozelius Laurie J. , Jamora Roland Dominic , Rosales Raymond L. , Diesta Cid Czarina E. , Lohmann Katja , König Inke R. , Brüggemann Norbert , Klein Christine 
Published: April 2019

ObjectiveX‐linked dystonia parkinsonism (XDP) is a neurodegenerative movement disorder caused by a single mutation: SINE‐VNTR‐Alu (SVA) retrotransposon insertion in TAF1. Recently, a (CCCTCT)n repeat within the SVA insertion has been reported as an age‐at‐onset (AAO) modifier in XDP. Here we investigate the role of this hexanucleotide repeat in modifying expressivity of XDP.MethodsWe genotyped the hexanucleotide repeat in 355 XDP patients and correlated the repeat number (RN) with AAO (n = 295), initial clinical manifestation (n = 294), site of dystonia onset (n = 238), disease severity (n = 28), and cognitive function (n = 15). Furthermore, we investigated i) repeat instability by segregation analysis and Southern blotting using postmortem brain samples from two affected individuals and ii) relative TAF1 expression in blood RNA from 31 XDP patients.ResultsRN showed significant inverse correlations with AAO and with TAF1 expression and a positive correlation with disease severity and cognitive dysfunction. Importantly, AAO (and not RN) was directly associated with whether dystonia or parkinsonism will manifest at onset. RN was lower in patients affected by mouth/tongue dystonia compared with blepharospasm. RN was unstable across germline transmissions with an overall tendency to increase in length and exhibited somatic mosaicism in brain.InterpretationThe hexanucleotide repeat within the SVA insertion acts as a genetic modifier of disease expressivity in XDP. RN‐dependent TAF1 repression and subsequent differences in TAF1 mRNA levels in patients may be potentiated in the brain through somatic variability leading to the neurological phenotype. ANN NEUROL 2019;85:812–822.
Olefins oxidation with molecular O2 in the presence of chiral Mn (III) salen complex supported on magnetic CoFe2O4@SiO2@CPTMS
Authors: Hemmat Kaveh , Nasseri Mohammad A. , Allahresani Ali 
Published: April 2019

In the present study, CoFe2O4@SiO2@CPTMS nanocomposite was synthesized and the homogeneous chiral Mn‐salen complex was anchored covalently onto the surface of CoFe2O4@SiO2@CPTMS nanocomposite. The heterogeneous Mn‐salen magnetic nanocatalyst (CoFe2O4@SiO2@CPTMS@ chiral Mn (III) Complex) was characterized by different techniques including transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Then, the aerobic enantioselective oxidation of olefins to the corresponding epoxide was investigated in the presence of magnetic chiral CoFe2O4@SiO2@Mn (III) complex at ambient conditions within 90 min. The results showed the corresponding products were synthesized with excellent yields and selectivity. In addition, the heterogeneous CoFe2O4@SiO2@ CPTMS@ chiral Mn (III) complex has benefits such as high selectivity and comparable catalytic reactivity with its homogeneous analog as well as mild reaction condition, facile recovery, and recycling of the heterogeneous catalyst.
Reduced heart rate variability in adults with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Thapa Rinku , Alvares Gail A. , Zaidi Tooba A. , Thomas Emma E. , Hickie Ian B. , Park Shin H. , Guastella Adam J. 
Published: April 2019

A growing body of research has suggested heart rate variability (HRV) may be reduced in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in comparison to neurotypical cohorts. While there have been several studies investigating HRV in children diagnosed with ASD, few studies have been conducted in adults. The objective of the current study was to investigate autonomic nervous system activity as assessed by HRV in adults diagnosed with ASD. We hypothesized that adults with ASD would show a reduction in HRV compared to neurotypical participants. Participants diagnosed with ASD (n = 55) were recruited from the Autism Clinic for Translational Research at the Brain and Mind Centre (University of Sydney) between 2013 and 2017. Neurotypical participants were recruited from advertisements and online media. Resting state heart rate was measured for 5 min while participants sat in an upright position. Results showed there was an overall significant difference in resting‐state HRV between adults diagnosed with ASD compared to the neurotypical control group. Logarithmically transformed high frequency (HF) and root mean square of successive differences were particularly decreased in the ASD group, suggesting lower parasympathetic activity. The use of psychotropic medications and comorbidities were associated with reductions in low frequency of HRV. Our data suggest an overall dysregulation in resting autonomic activity in adults with ASD. This may represent an important physiological mechanism leading to potential cardiovascular risk in ASD, which warrants further investigation. Autism Res 2019, 12: 922–930. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryASD is commonly associated with a range of physical and mental health comorbidities. Autonomic disruptions underlying reductions in heart rate variability (HRV) have been linked to a range of mental and physical health conditions. We assessed resting‐state HRV in adults diagnosed with ASD in comparison to healthy individuals. Our results showed reduced heart rate variability in people diagnosed with ASD compared to adults without ASD. These findings implicate a role for autonomic activity as a potentially modifiable risk factor for ASD.
Simulating the spreading of brown plant hoppers based on cellular automata
Authors: Huynh Hiep Xuan , Lu Quy Thanh , Ong Linh My Thi , Luong Huong Hoang , Phan Lan Phuong 
Published: April 2019

SummaryThe spread of brown plant hoppers (BPHs) can be affected by pesticides, migration/immigration, and natural enemies; in particular, using pesticides is the common method of farmers in fact. The article introduces a new approach to simulate the spread of BPH using cellular automata. The proposed model uses a geographic information system map as a simulation space to make results more visual and realistic. This model can give the accurate predictions about the spread of BPHs, thereby helping farmers make the appropriate decisions to prevent BPHs.
The effect of desulfurization on the postharvest quality and sulfite metabolism in pulp of sulfitated “Feizixiao” Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) fruits
Authors: Luo Tao , Li Shuangshuang , Han Dongmei , Guo Xiaomeng , Shuai Liang , Wu Zhenxian 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe residual sulfite caused by sulfur fumigation (SF) is a hazard to health and influenced the export trade of litchi. Desulfurization (DS) is a valid chemical method to reduce the residual sulfite. However, the effect of DS on fumigated litchi has not been studied at physiological and molecular level. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of DS (SF plus 3% desulfurizer) on the postharvest quality, sulfite residue, and the sulfite metabolism in sulfitated “Feizixiao” litchi during the 4°C storage. Results indicated that the DS promoted the color recovery of sulfitated litchi and achieved an effect similar to SF on controlling rot and browning. DS recovered the water content and respiration rate of sulfitated litchi pericarp. Thus, DS improves commodity properties of sulfitated litchi. Moreover, DS greatly reduced sulfite residue especially in pulp and ensured the edible safety of sulfitated litchi. The activities of sulfite oxidase, sulfite reductase, serine acetyltransferase, and O‐acetylserine(thiol) lyase in pulp increased after SF but fell down after DS while the expressions of their encoding genes decreased after SF but then rallied after DS. These results indicated the key role of these enzymes in sulfite metabolism after SF and DS changed the sulfite metabolism at both enzymatic and transcriptional level. It could be concluded that DS used in this study was an effective method for improving the color recovery and ensuring the edible safety of sulfitated litchi by not only chemical reaction but also both of enzymatic and transcriptional regulation.
Long‐term follow‐up of penile glans necrosis due to paraphimosis
Authors: Sato Yoshikazu , Takagi Seiji , Uchida Kosuke , Shima Masaki , Tobe Musashi , Haga Kazunori , Honama Ichiya , Hirobe Megumi 
Published: April 2019

IntroductionParaphimosis is a urologic emergency in which the foreskin of the penis becomes trapped behind the coronal sulcus and forms a tight band of constricting tissue. Surgical or conservative release of this constriction is required for the treatment. Delayed treatment will cause devastating outcomes, such as penile glans necrosis. A few studies have reported penile glans necrosis/gangrene, but long‐term follow‐up of the recovery from glans necrosis due to paraphimosis has not been previously reported.Case presentationA 25‐year‐old man who experienced glans necrosis following paraphimosis was not treated promptly with circumcision. The patient underwent conservative treatment with debridement of necrotic tissue and cystostomy for urethral meatal necrosis. We were able to prevent partial penectomy. His penile glans was covered with healthy epithelium and retained its natural shape and voiding and erectile functions were normal 2 years after the treatment.ConclusionWe report successful conservative management of penile glans necrosis.