bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The new talent management challenges of Industry 4.0
Authors: Whysall Zara , Owtram Mike , Brittain Simon 
Published: March 2019

PurposeThe transformational changes to business environments brought about by the fourth industrial revolution create a perfect storm for strategic human resource management, prompting a need to explore the implications of this context for talent management theory and practice. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approachIn-depth interviews were conducted with HR directors and senior leaders within engineering-led organisations to explore current challenges experienced across each stage of the talent pipeline: attraction and recruitment, training and development, career development, talent mobility and succession planning.FindingsThe speed of technological change brought about by Industry 4.0 had created a significant gap between current capability of employees and the rapidly evolving requirements of their roles, prompting a need to consider new and more effective approaches to talent development. Middle managers are increasingly recognised as overlooked critical talent within this context of unprecedented change, given their essential role in change management. In addition, whilst lateral hiring remains a common talent management practice, in the case of Industry 4.0 this equates to fighting a war for talent that does not exist.Practical implicationsThis study suggests that there is a need for evolution of talent management theory and practice towards a more dynamic, systems-thinking orientation, acknowledging the interrelated nature of different talent management activities.Originality/valueThis paper provides an in-depth insight into the impact of the unprecedented change brought about by Industry 4.0 on contemporary talent management practice, considering how theory and practice might need to evolve to enable individuals and organisations to keep up with the rate of technological change.
Formation of a student managed investment fund: risk management and oversight
Authors: Horstmeyer Derek 
Published: March 2019

Purpose
The creation and formation of a student managed investment fund (SMIF) is a risky proposition for all stakeholders involved in the process. These risks include reputational risks for the individuals involved, fiduciary risks for the school’s Board of Trustees and monetary risks for the university itself. The purpose of this paper is to explain and detail how these risks can be mitigated through specific oversight committee (OC) construction, distributional/benchmarking requirements for the fund and detailed trading rules (exit points, short sale constraints, loss provisions, etc.) for fund managers, which can all be codified in the bylaws of the SMIF.

Design/methodology/approach
This investigation is done through a specific case study – the 2017/2018 formation of the George Mason University SMIF. As head of the OC for the fund and lead architect in the creation of the fund for the GMU faculty, the statements below come from firsthand accounts of dealing with all parties of interest and firsthand knowledge of the year-long process of managing all risks, which culminated in being granted endowment capital from the Board of Trustees to officially begin the SMIF on May 1, 2018.

Findings
First, this paper details how a complete investment policy statement can be used to mitigate the fears and concerns of all parties that have a fiduciary duty to the university’s endowment (which the students will now be partially managing). These bylaws include statements on the risk characteristics of the fund, distributions back to the endowment, oversight features and benchmarking. Next, written into the bylaws of the fund can be several benchmarking and distributional requirements to mitigate the risk exposure of the SMIF’s holdings. Finally, aside from benchmarking constraints, another successful risk management technique can be rules written directly into the investment policy statement that define exit points, tracking error, short sale constraints and other rules for trading.

Originality/value
This paper offers a roadmap by which these risks can be mitigated through the content of an investment policy statement/bylaws. The author details several techniques that eventually led to all stakeholders at GMU in signing off on the formation of an SMIF, and endowment capital being given to the fund as a seed investment. This is a firsthand account of this process and the author has not seen it documented in the literature anywhere else.
Parasite sharing in wild ungulates and their predators: Effects of phylogeny, range overlap, and trophic links
Authors: Stephens Patrick R. , Altizer Sonia , Ezenwa Vanessa O. , Gittleman John L. , Moan Emili , Han Barbara , Huang Shan , Pappalardo Paula 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Understanding factors that facilitate interspecific pathogen transmission is a central issue for conservation, agriculture, and human health. Past work showed that host phylogenetic relatedness and geographical proximity can increase cross‐species transmission, but further work is needed to examine the importance of host traits, and species interactions such as predation, in determining the degree to which parasites are shared between hosts.

Here we consider the factors that predict patterns of parasite sharing across a diverse assemblage of 116 wild ungulates (i.e., hoofed mammals in the Artiodactyla and Perissodactyla) and nearly 900 species of micro‐ and macroparasites, controlling for differences in total parasite richness and host sampling effort. We also consider the effects of trophic links on parasite sharing between ungulates and carnivores.

We tested for the relative influence of range overlap, phylogenetic distance, body mass, and ecological dissimilarity (i.e., the distance separating species in a Euclidean distance matrix based on standardized traits) on parasite sharing. We also tested for the effects of variation in study effort as a potential source of bias in our data, and tested whether carnivores reported to feed on ungulates have more ungulate parasites than those that use other resources.

As in other groups, geographical range overlap and phylogenetic similarity predicted greater parasite community similarity in ungulates. Ecological dissimilarity showed a weak negative relationship with parasite sharing. Counter to our expectations, differences, not similarity, in host body mass predicted greater parasite sharing between pairs of ungulate hosts. Pairs of well‐studied host species showed higher overlap than poorly studied species, although including sampling effort did not reduce the importance of biological traits in our models. Finally, carnivores that feed on ungulates harboured a greater richness of ungulate helminths.

Overall, we show that the factors that predict parasite sharing in wild ungulates are similar to those known for other mammal groups, and demonstrate the importance of controlling for heterogeneity in host sampling effort in future analyses of parasite sharing. We also show that ecological interactions, in this case trophic links via predation, can allow sharing of some parasite species among distantly related host species.
Wrangling with the Black monster: young Black mixed‐race men and masculinities
Authors: Joseph‐Salisbury Remi 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn recent times there has been a proliferation of scholarship exploring ‘mixedness’ and mixed‐race people. This is evidenced by the emergence of Critical Mixed Race Studies (CMRS) as a distinct field of academic inquiry. However, despite the growth of CMRS, there remains a scarcity of scholarship that considers mixed‐race experiences from a disaggregated, intersectional perspective. Where CMRS has been attentive to the intersection of gender, the focus has largely been on women and femininity. By way of a response, in this article I draw upon data from semi‐structured interviews with Black mixed‐race men in the UK and the US in order to explore how Black mixed‐race men negotiate their raced and gendered identities, particularly in the context of schooling. Drawing upon George Yancy’s (2017) theorizations of the Black monster, I argue that a sense of double consciousness (and evenmultipleconsciousness) means Black mixed‐race men are acutely aware of how the white gaze threatens to fragment and erase them. Yet rather than being passive victims of racism, I show that, through hybridity, the imposition of the Black monster stereotype is something that Black mixed‐race men are able to resist, modify and manipulate for their own ends.
Gluten‐Free Breads: The Gap Between Research and Commercial Reality
Authors: Roman Laura , Belorio Mayara , Gomez Manuel 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe market for gluten‐free products is steadily growing and gluten‐free bread (GFB) keeps on being one of the most challenging products to develop. Although numerous research studies have worked on improving the manufacture of GFBs, some have adopted approaches far from commercial reality. This review analyzes the ingredient list and nutrition facts of 228 commercially available GFBs produced by different brands around the world. The results from studying the ingredient list of breads revealed that commercial breads do not tend to use a single starchy source or gluten replacer, but a combination of several ingredients to optimize bread quality. Maize, tuber starches, and rice flour were the main starchy sources. Regarding hydrocolloids, the most often included ingredients were hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, xanthan and guar gum, and psyllium. Proteins and sugars were added, respectively, in 81% and 87% of the commercial breads analyzed. Furthermore, it was found that vegetable oils were preferred over fats. A long list of ingredients was observed in commercial GFBs, with the presence of a wide range of additives, including acidifiers, emulsifiers, leavening agents, preservatives, and aromas or flavorings. Meanwhile, nutrition facts showed a lower protein and higher fat content for GFBs compared to a gluten‐containing counterpart, with small differences for salt and sugar. This research expands the current knowledge on GFB manufacturing, giving a panoramic outlook on the current situation in the GFB market, and helping both scientists and gluten‐free companies unify/identify common trends.
Determination of Vehicle Speed from Recorded Video Using Reverse Projection Photogrammetry and File Metadata
Authors: Epstein Brandon , Westlake Bryce Garreth 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe prevalence of security and in‐car video has increased the number of motor vehicle accidents captured on digital video. However, inconsistencies in how to accurately determine time and distance for vehicle speed has led to examinations with varying results. A potential solution for calculating time intervals is to use frame timing contained within many digital video file's metadata, recorded with 0.000001 sec precision. This paper examines a fatal motor vehicle accident where frame timing information was used with distance measurements from reverse projection photogrammetry to calculate vehicle speed. A margin of error was then calculated based on the accuracy in performing reverse projection photogrammetry distance measurements. The resulting speed calculation was then compared to event data recorder data and found to be within an average of ±1.43538 MPH. Using specific time intervals may lead investigators to more accurate speed calculations, specifically those involving variable frame rate video.
Does XBRL Adoption Constrain Earnings Management? Early Evidence from Mandated U.S. Filers
Authors: Kim Jeong‐Bon , Kim Joung W. , Lim Jee‐Hae 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTWe examine whether the use of eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) for financial reporting (i.e., interactive data submissions) reduces earnings management during the period of XBRL implementation by the SEC. Using a sample of mandated XBRL filers, we compare the magnitude of absolute discretionary accruals in the XBRL adoption quarters with that in the non‐adopting quarters. We also take advantage of staggered (three‐stage phase‐in) XBRL implementations to perform difference‐in‐differences analyses. Our results show that absolute discretionary accruals decrease significantly from the pre‐ to the post‐XBRL period, suggesting that XBRL adoption constrains earnings management via discretionary accrual choices. Our analyses further reveal that the use of standardized official XBRL elements significantly reduces the levels of discretionary accruals, while the use of customized extension elements does not, suggesting that the former discourages accrual‐based earnings management, while the latter does not. Our results are robust to a variety of sensitivity checks.
Noncoding variations in Cyp24a1 gene are associated with Klotho‐mediated aging phenotypes in different strains of mice
Authors: Singh Amit , Verma Anjali , Sallin Michelle A. , Lang Florian , Sen Ranjan , Sen Jyoti Misra 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn mutant mice, reduced levels of Klotho promoted high levels of active vitamin D in the serum. Genetic or dietary manipulations that diminished active vitamin D alleviated aging‐related phenotypes caused by Klotho down‐regulation. The hypomorphic Klotho [kl/kl] allele that decreases Klotho expression in C3H, BALB/c, 129, and C57BL/6 genetic backgrounds substantially increases 1,25(OH)2D3 levels in the sera of susceptible C3H, BALB/c, and 129, but not C57BL/6 mice. This may be attributed to increased basal expression of Cyp24a1 in C57BL/6 mice, which promotes inactivation of 1,25(OH)2D3. Decreased expression of Cyp24a1 in susceptible strains was associated with genetic alterations in noncoding regions of Cyp24a1 gene, which were strongly reminiscent of super‐enhancers that regulate gene expression. These observations suggest that higher basal expression of an enzyme required for catabolizing vitamin D renders B6‐kl/kl mice less susceptible to changes in Klotho expression, providing a plausible explanation for the lack of aging phenotypes on C57BL/6 strain.
Peritonectomy and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for advanced epithelial ovarian cancer: What gynaecological oncologists really think
Authors: Farrell Rhonda 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundPeritonectomy and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is used in specialised units outside of gynaecological cancer centres in Australia and New Zealand to treat advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (AEOC). There is significant equipoise toward this treatment by gynaecological oncologists (CGOs).AimsTo determine the attitudes and preferences of CGOs toward peritonectomy and HIPEC for the treatment of AEOC.Materials and MethodsA questionnaire was sent to all 53 CGOs in Australia and New Zealand asking their opinions about peritonectomy and HIPEC for the treatment of AEOC. Data collected included surgeon demographics, individual surgical practices, and willingness of CGOs to refer patients for peritonectomy or HIPEC. Potential factors influencing this decision were investigated using χ2 tests and logistic regression analysis.ResultsResponse rate was 89%. While 68% of CGOs would refer a patient for peritonectomy, most cases would be recurrent tumour of borderline or mucinous histology. Only 13% would refer a case of primary stage 3 EOC, even if predicting they cannot completely resect the tumour. This was due to concerns around morbidity and mortality, and a preference for neoadjuvant chemotherapy. In regard to HIPEC, 61% of CGOs were unsure about its use, due to reported lack of evidence, and potential morbidity. CGOs of female gender were more likely to recommend peritonectomy and HIPEC.ConclusionsCGOs would refer only selected cases of AEOC for peritonectomy or HIPEC, due to concerns around insufficient evidence, and potential morbidity. The results of large well‐conducted clinical trials will help determine the future of peritonectomy and HIPEC for the treatment of AEOC.
The synthetic antimicrobial peptide LTX21 induces inflammatory responses in a human whole blood model and a murine peritoneum model
Authors: Granslo Hildegunn Norbakken , Aarag Fredheim Elizabeth G. , Esaiassen Eirin , Christophersen Lars , Jensen Peter Østrup , Mollnes Tom Eirik , Moser Claus , Flægstad Trond , Klingenberg Claus , Cavanagh Jorunn Pauline 
Published: March 2019

The global spread of antimicrobial resistance and the increasing number of immune‐compromised patients are major challenges in modern medicine. Targeting bacterial virulence or the human host immune system to increase host defence are important strategies in the search for novel antimicrobial drugs. We investigated the inflammatory response of the synthetic short antimicrobial peptide LTX21 in two model systems: a human whole blood ex vivo model and a murine in vivo peritoneum model – both reflecting early innate immune response. In the whole blood model, LTX21 increased the secretion of a range of different cytokines, decreased the level of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and activated the complement system. In a haemolysis assay, we found 2.5% haemolysis at a LTX21 concentration of 500 mg/L. In the murine model, increased influx of white blood cells (WBCs) and polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) in the murine peritoneal cavity was observed after treatment with LTX21. In addition, LTX21 increased monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1). In conclusion, LTX21 affected the inflammatory response; the increase in cytokine secretion, complement activation and WBC influx indicates an activated inflammatory response. The present results indicate the impact of LTX21 on the host–pathogen interplay. Whether this will also affect the course of infection has to be investigated.
Letter: vitamin D deficiency and autoimmune hepatitis – from research to treatment
Authors: Wang Jiamei , Xu Jianjiang , Shao Xiaoping , Wu Zonggui , Liang Chun 
Published: March 2019

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Ebadi et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15029 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15154.
Letter: vitamin D deficiency and autoimmune hepatitis – from research to treatment—authors' reply
Authors: Ebadi Maryam , Czaja Albert J. , Montano‐Loza Aldo J. 
Published: March 2019

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Ebadi et al and Wang et al papers. To view
these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15029 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15147.
Letter: the low FODMAP diet is not the only diet for IBS
Authors: Rej Anupam , Trott Nick , Sanders David S. , Aziz Imran 
Published: March 2019

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Mitchell et al papers. To view these articles,
visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15079 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15199.
Letters: low FODMAP diet—directions for future research and the low FODMAP diet is not the only diet for IBS—authors' reply
Authors: Mitchell Hannah , Porter Judi , Gibson Peter R. , Barrett Jacqueline , Garg Mayur 
Published: March 2019

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Mitchell et al, O'Brien et al and Rej et al
papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15075, https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15076 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15199.
Letter: the end of duodenal biopsies in coeliac disease?
Authors: Scicluna Catriona , Ellul Pierre 
Published: March 2019

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Fuchs et al and Kurppa et al papers. To view
these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15109 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15220.
Editorial: importance of an elevated mean platelet volume for prediction of major adverse cardiovascular events in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Targher Giovanni , Lippi Giuseppe 
Published: March 2019

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Abeles et al and Mullish et al papers. To view
these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15191, and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15215.
Understanding the roles of ICT enterprises in promoting the ICT industry ecosystem in education: Case studies from China
Authors: Li Xuanxi , Wang Fei , Gu Xiaoqing 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis study aims to explore the roles of Chinese ICT enterprises in promoting the ICT industry ecosystem in education in China, and construct a structural model of a healthy ICT industry ecosystem in education. After examining ICT demands in education, this study adopts a multiple case studies methodology. Fifty‐five employees from five enterprises (iFLYTEK, Tencent, EIST, Sh‐tz and Beijing Tstudy) participated in this research. This study mainly adopted qualitative research methods to collect data, including interviews and documentations (secondary data). Quantitative data from a questionnaire were also collected to complement the qualitative data. To ensure reliability and validity, data from multiple sources were triangulated to address the same research question. The result in‐depth illustrates the products and roles of three cases which are iFLYTEK, Tencent and EIST, and further reveals the roles of ICT enterprises. Based on the results, this study divides ICT enterprises into Small and Medium‐sized enterprises with less roles, and Large‐Scale Enterprises with more roles, and puts forward a structural model of a healthy ICT industry ecosystem in education. This study provides feasible recommendations for governments, consumers and micro and macro directions and paths for the strategic choices of enterprises. This work offers guidance to relevant researches and practices.
A posthumanist critique of flexible online learning and its “anytime anyplace” claims
Authors: Houlden Shandell , Veletsianos George 
Published: March 2019

AbstractFlexible approaches to online learning are gaining renewed interest in some part due to their capacity to address emergent opportunities and concerns facing higher education. Importantly, flexible approaches to online learning are purported to be democratizing and liberatory, broadening access to higher education and enabling learners to participate in educational endeavours at “anytime” from “anyplace.” In this paper, we critique such narratives by showing that flexibility is neither universal nor neutral. Using critical theory, we demonstrate how flexibility assumes imagined autonomous learners that are self‐reliant and individualistic. Through relevant examples, we show how such a framing to flexibility is oppressive, and argue that a contextual, relative and relational understanding of flexibility may in fact be more liberatory. Such an approach to flexibility, for example, may involve contextual and relational efforts to relax prescribed curricula within courses or programmes of study.