bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute avulsion fracture of the ischial tuberosity in an adolescent athlete treated by suture anchor fixation using the suture bridge technique: a case report
Authors: Omichi Yasuyuki , Goto Tomohiro , Momota Kaori , Takai Michihiro , Sato Ryosuke , Enishi Tetsuya , Nakano Shunji , Sairyo Koichi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This is the first report of acute avulsion fracture of the ischial tuberosity (AFIT) treated by suture anchor fixation using the suture bridge technique. A 13-year-old boy developed sudden, severe right hip pain while running a short distance. Pelvic images revealed the avulsion fracture of the right ischial tuberosity with displacement of the avulsed fragment by 35 mm. We performed open reduction and reconstruction fixation 5 days after the injury using the subgluteal approach with longitudinal skin incision. Four suture anchors were set at the ischial tuberosity, and the avulsed fragment was repositioned and fixed using the suture bridge technique. At 1 year postoperatively, the avulsion fracture was bony fused, and he had returned to his preinjury competitive level. Use of multiple suture anchors increases the strength of fixation, which overcomes the problem of anchor loosening and makes open reduction and reconstruction fixation an effective treatment for acute avulsion fracture of the ischial tuberosity.
Sleeve resection of a typical carcinoid tumour in a case of aberrant anatomy
Authors: Choi Jeesoo J , Palmares Abigail A 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Neuroendocrine tumours of bronchial origin account for ~1%–2%. They can be typical or atypical in nature and are likely to be endobronchial in growth. We report a case of a 37-year-old woman with a carcinoid tumour in the bronchus intermedius with a background of aberrant bronchial anatomy. The tumour was removed by sleeve resection and histopathology confirmed a typical carcinoid tumour. This report describes successful surgical management of this carcinoid tumour despite aberrant bronchial anatomy.
Pericardial artery lymphoma in a patient with dermatomyositis: A case report
Authors: Hirose Kei , Katsuyama Takayuki , Kubota Natsuki , Terajima Yuya , Matsumoto Kazuya , Shidahara Kenta , Nakadoi Takato , Nawachi Shoichi , Katayama Yu , Miyawaki Yoshia , Katsuyama Eri , Narazaki-Takano Mariko , Matsumoto Yoshinori , Asada Noboru , Sada Ken-Ei , Wada Jun 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
A woman in her 60s presented with erythema on both elbows, dyspnea on exertion, discomfort, and swelling of the left upper extremity, followed by swelling and myalgia of the right upper and lower extremities. She was diagnosed with anti-transcriptional intermediary factor 1-γ antibody-positive dermatomyositis with interstitial pneumonia. The initial screening tests for malignant diseases including contrast-enhanced computed tomography, upper and lower endoscopy, and gynecological examination did not reveal any obvious abnormalities. The patient experienced two recurrent episodes of muscle weakness and dysphagia during treatment with intravenous glucocorticoids and cyclophosphamide. Five months after diagnosis, a bone marrow biopsy and positron emission tomography–computed tomography scan revealed a coronary malignant lymphoma with suspected systemic metastasis. Although chemotherapy was initiated, the patient ultimately succumbed to alveolar haemorrhage. Coronary lymphoma is very rare and there has been no report of cases associated with myositis. Positron emission tomography–computed tomography may be useful for searching malignancy in anti-transcriptional intermediary factor 1-γ antibody-positive dermatomyositis cases of recurrent relapse.
Unraveling climate change-induced compound low-solar-low-wind extremes in China
Authors: Wang Licheng , Liu Yawen , Zhao Lei , Lu Xi , Huang Liangdian , Jin Yana , Davis Steven J , Aghakouchak Amir , Huang Xin , Zhu Tong , Qin Yue 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
China's pursuit of carbon neutrality targets hinges on a profound shift towards low-carbon energy, primarily reliant on intermittent and variable, yet crucial, solar and wind power sources. In particular, low-solar-low-wind (LSLW) compound extremes present a critical yet largely ignored threat to the reliability of renewable electricity generation. While existing studies have largely evaluated the impacts of average climate-induced changes in renewable energy resources, comprehensive analyses of the compound extremes and, particularly, the underpinning dynamic mechanisms remain scarce. Here we show the dynamic evolution of compound LSLW extremes and their underlying mechanisms across China via coupling multi-model simulations with diagnostic analysis. Our results unveil a strong topographic dependence in the frequency of compound LSLW extremes, with a national average frequency of 16.4 (10th–90th percentile interval ranges from 5.3 to 32.6) days/yr, when renewable energy resources in eastern China are particularly compromised (∼80% lower than that under an average climate). We reveal a striking increase in the frequency of LSLW extremes, ranging from 12.4% under SSP126 to 60.2% under SSP370, primarily driven by both renewable energy resource declines and increasingly heavily-tailed distributions, resulting from weakened meridional temperature (pressure) gradient, increased frequency of extremely dense cloud cover and additional distinctive influence of increased aerosols under SSP370. Our study underscores the urgency of preparing for significantly heightened occurrences of LSLW events in a warmer future, emphasizing that such climate-induced compound LSLW extreme changes are not simply by chance, but rather projectable, thereby underscoring the need for proactive adaptation strategies. Such insights are crucial for countries navigating a similar transition towards renewable energy.
The Impact of Exercise and Protein Intake on Inflammaging: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Nejati Bervanlou Reyhaneh , Hlaváčová Nataša , Figueiredo Vandré C , Attarzadeh Hosseini Seyyed Reza , Motahari Rad Morteza 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Context
Sarcopenia and cachexia lead to muscle wasting and increased health risks in older adults. Both sarcopenia and cachexia are associated with inflammaging, a chronic low-grade inflammatory state linked to aging. Strategies to preserve muscle mass and function are crucial for maintaining independence and quality of life among the elderly.

Objective
This meta-analysis and systematic review was conducted to comprehensively assess the individual and combined effects of exercise training and protein supplementation on circulatory markers of inflammation in older adults.

Data Sources
A systematic search of the PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane CENTRAL, and SPORTDiscus databases was conducted to identify relevant studies published until January 2024.

Data Extraction
The search focused on randomized controlled trials examining the impact of exercise training (Ex), protein consumption (Pro), or their combination (Ex-Pro) on inflammatory factors, including C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) compared with a control (Con).

Data Analysis
The meta-analysis revealed a significant decrease in CRP levels in the Ex vs Pro (P = .0003) and the Ex-Pro (P &lt; .00001) group compared with the Ex group and in overall experimental (EXPL) subgroups (P = .0002) compared with the Con group. A similar reduction was found in IL-6 in the Ex group (P = .001), Ex-Pro group (P = .05), and EXPL (P = .0002) subgroup compared with the Pro group. However, for TNF-α levels, a significant reduction was noted only in the Ex-Pro group compared with the Ex group (P &lt; .00001).

Conclusion
Exercise training and protein supplementation, particularly when combined, show greater benefits in mitigating inflammaging. These findings highlight the importance of combined interventions against muscle wasting. Future studies and meta-analyses should further address the effects of Ex and Pro and Ex-Pro on inflammatory markers of older adults, considering specific conditions and larger sample sizes to identify optimal strategies for the aging population.
Association of opioid tapering with pain-related emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and primary care visits: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Magnan Elizabeth , Tancredi Daniel J , Xing Guibo , Agnoli Alicia , Tseregounis I E , Fenton Joshua J 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective
Tapering of chronic opioids has increased, with subsequent reports of exacerbated pain among patients who tapered. We aimed to evaluate the association between opioid dose tapering and subsequent pain-related healthcare utilization (emergency department [ED] visits, hospitalizations and primary care visits).

Design, Setting, and Subjects
We conducted a retrospective cohort study from years 2015–2019 using data from the Optum Labs Data Warehouse that contains de-identified retrospective administrative claims data for commercial and Medicare Advantage enrollees in the United States. Adults aged ≥18 years who were prescribed stable doses of opioids, ≥50 morphine milligram equivalents (MME)/day, during a 12-month baseline period.

Methods
Tapering was defined as ≥15% relative reduction in mean daily opioid dose during one of 6 overlapping 60-day periods. Tapered patient-periods were subclassified as tapered-and-continued (MME &gt; 0) vs tapered-and-discontinued (MME = 0). We modeled monthly counts of visits for pain diagnoses up to 12 months after cohort entry using negative binomial regression as a function of tapering, baseline utilization, and patient level-covariates.

Results
Among 47 033 patients, 13 793 patients tapered. Compared to no taper, any taper was associated with more ED visits for pain (adjusted incidence rate ratio [aIRR] 1.21, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.11–1.30), tapered then continued status was associated with more ED visits (aIRR 1.23, CI: 1.14–1.32) and hospitalizations (aIRR 1.14, CI: 1.03–1.27) f-or pain, and tapered-and-discontinued was associated with fewer primary care visits for pain (aIRR 0.68, CI: 0.61–0.76).

Conclusions
These associations suggest that opioid tapering may lead to increased emergency and hospital utilization for acute pain and possibly a decreased perceived need for primary care for those whose opioids were discontinued.
Modulation of antigen delivery and lymph node activation in nonhuman primates by saponin adjuvant saponin/monophosphoryl lipid A nanoparticle
Authors: Yousefpour Parisa , Zhang Yiming J , Maiorino Laura , Melo Mariane B , Arainga Ramirez Mariluz A , Kumarapperuma Sidath C , Xiao Peng , Silva Murillo , Li Na , Michaels Katarzyna K , Georgeson Erik , Eskandarzadeh Saman , Kubitz Michael , Groschel Bettina , Qureshi Kashif , Fontenot Jane , Hangartner Lars , Nedellec Rebecca , Love J Christopher , Burton Dennis R , Schief William R , Villinger Francois J , Irvine Darrell J 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Saponin-based vaccine adjuvants are potent in preclinical animal models and humans, but their mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. Here, using a stabilized HIV envelope trimer immunogen, we carried out studies in nonhuman primates (NHPs) comparing the most common clinical adjuvant aluminum hydroxide (alum) with saponin/monophosphoryl lipid A nanoparticles (SMNP), an immune-stimulating complex–like adjuvant. SMNP elicited substantially stronger humoral immune responses than alum, including 7-fold higher peak antigen-specific germinal center B-cell responses, 18-fold higher autologous neutralizing antibody titers, and higher levels of antigen-specific plasma and memory B cells. Positron emission tomography and computed tomography imaging in live NHPs showed that, unlike alum, SMNP promoted rapid antigen accumulation in both proximal and distal lymph nodes (LNs). SMNP also induced strong type I interferon transcriptional signatures, expansion of innate immune cells, and increased antigen-presenting cell activation in LNs. These findings indicate that SMNP promotes multiple facets of the early immune response relevant for enhanced immunity to vaccination.
What drives commodity price variation?
Authors: Han Meng , Dam Lammertjan , Pohl Walter 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We investigate the importance of time-varying discount rates for commodity prices using an index based on twenty-three commodities for the period 1959–2024. We show that in commodities markets, unlike other financial markets, time variation in discount rates plays a much smaller role. Instead, prices forecast cash flows as well as discount rates. A high price for a commodity today, measured as a low percentage net convenience yield, forecasts both a high future convenience yield and a low expected return. For longer horizons, variation in percentage net convenience yields seems mainly driven by net convenience yield growth, making commodities much closer to the classical textbook view of price changes representing news about cash flows.
Life Satisfaction and Social Identity: On the Socio-economic Determinants of Compliant Behaviour
Authors: Kanzola Anna-Maria , Papaioannou Konstantina , Papadaki Andriani , Petrakis Panagiotis E 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the intricate relationship between rules, regulations, and human behaviour, specifically focusing on how these elements influence life satisfaction. By adopting a broad approach, this study explores how compliance with social norms and laws interacts with individual economic and social behaviour framed through social identity theory. Our findings indicate that life satisfaction is positively associated with happiness, social values, such as religiosity and trust, and financial resources. Conversely, strict adherence to social norms and health issues negatively affects life satisfaction. Thus, while compliance can be beneficial in fostering long-term social cohesion, it may also limit life satisfaction when it is overly restrictive. Therefore, policymakers and lawmakers should focus on a framework that balances social norms with individual well-being to enhance compliance and life satisfaction.
Race, Class, and the Displacement of White Residents from Gentrifying U.S. Neighborhoods
Authors: Somashekhar Mahesh 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Are the adverse consequences of gentrification distributed more along racial or class lines? To answer this question, scholars must consider when and where racially dominant groups are affected by gentrification in addition to minoritized groups. Therefore, this study centers White residents displaced from gentrifying U.S. neighborhoods as its analytic focus. Using restricted-access Panel Study of Income Dynamics data between 2001 and 2019, I find that White displacees shared many demographic characteristics with non-White displacees. White residents were also involuntarily displaced at a rate comparable to that of non-White residents, and both groups were equally likely to move into neighborhoods that were poorer than the ones from which they were displaced. Nevertheless, White displacees earned larger incomes and were displaced from richer neighborhoods. White displacees’ wealthier starting points made their downward mobility less dramatic, enabling them to continue living in better-off neighborhoods after displacement. The spatial and financial advantages of White displacees highlight how race and class can be interwoven to mitigate White residents’ experiences of displacement in ways that are largely unavailable to non-White residents. Findings support elements of both race- and class-based perspectives of gentrification but ultimately suggest that a blended, race-and-class perspective is useful when conceptualizing gentrification-induced displacement.
Stem cell factor‐mediated upregulation of SIRT1 protects melanin‐deprived keratinocytes against UV‐induced DNA damage in individuals with vitiligo
Authors: Brahmbhatt Hemang D. , Chowdhary Manish , Gupta Rohit , Priya Anshu , Kundu Akta , Singh Praveen , Dhamija Sonam , Gupta Aayush , Singh Archana 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDespite the loss of melanocytes, individuals with vitiligo have a significantly lower risk of developing skin malignancies compared to ethnicity‐matched controls. The study investigated the molecular mechanisms that protect skin cells (keratinocytes) from UV‐B‐induced DNA damage in individuals with vitiligo. The study found that upregulation of stem cell factor (SCF) signaling significantly reduced γ‐H2AX positivity and cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer formation and improved mitochondrial health (elongated mitochondria, reduced reactive oxygen species [ROS] and lipid peroxidation) in keratinocytes upon UV‐B exposure. Interestingly, SCF treatment also reduced lipid droplet accumulation and triacylglyceride levels by upregulating lipoprotein lipase (LPL). Further, siLPL increased DNA damage and lipid droplet (LD) accumulation, while NO‐1886, an LPL agonist, reversed both, suggesting a direct link between lipid metabolism and DNA damage. Downregulation of NAD‐dependent deacetylase sirtuin1 (SIRT1) with siRNA or with Ex‐527, a pharmacological inhibitor of SIRT1, diminished the protective effects mediated by SCF and NO‐1886, suggesting SIRT1 to be the final effector protein in the SCF‐LPL‐SIRT1 signaling axis. Analysis of clinical samples of vitiligo corroborated the upregulation of SCF and LPL in lesional epidermis. In conclusion, our study demonstrates a novel SCF‐LPL‐SIRT1 signaling axis that confers protection to vitiligo keratinocytes from the harmful effects of UV‐B radiation.
Impact of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Protocol Compliance on Outcome After Pancreatic Surgery: Results From a Certified ERAS Center
Authors: Ritter Alina S. , Welsch Thilo , Brodersen Freya , Auinger Julia , Moll-Khosrawi Parisa , Goetz Mara R. , Bardenhagen Jan , Nitschke Christine , Schneider Tobias , Wellge Björn , Suling Anna , Uzunoglu Faik G. , Heumann Asmus , Nickel Felix , Hackert Thilo , Izbicki Jakob R. 
Published: November 2024

Objective:
The aim was to evaluate the sustainability of the pancreatic Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) program and the effect of ERAS items on patient morbidity and hospital stay.

Background:
The current ERAS guideline recommendations encompass 27 items to improve recovery after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD).

Methods:
Patients who underwent pancreatic resection at the University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf between February 2016 and June 2023 were included. The datasets were retrospectively collected from a central database. The effects of individual ERAS items and compliance on morbidity and hospital stay were assessed by uni- and multivariable analyses.

Results:
In total, 594 patients who underwent PD (44.8%), distal pancreatectomy (14.6%), total pancreatectomy (17.8%), or other pancreatic resections (22.7%) were included. Of these, 90 patients (15.2%) achieved a high overall ERAS compliance of ≥70%. High compliance was associated with significantly less complications (Clavien–Dindo ≥ 3a), reduced 30-day mortality, and a shorter hospital stay. Early mobilization on the first postoperative day (POD1), restrictive intravenous fluid administration, and timely removal of urinary catheters were significant multivariable predictors for lower morbidity. Early mobilization on POD1 also correlated with reduced morbidity in the subcohort of PD cases.

Conclusions:
The pancreatic ERAS protocol can be sustainably implemented and applied to both, PD and non-PD cases. A high level of compliance with the ERAS protocol after pancreatic resections correlated with improved outcomes but was achieved by less than one-fifth of patients. Early mobilization on POD1 and restrictive fluid management were key indicators for optimized short-term outcomes.
Impact of Resuscitated Cardiac Arrest in the Brain-dead Donors on the Outcome of Liver Transplantation: A Retrospective and Propensity Score Matching Analysis
Authors: Mei Shengmin , Xiang Jie , Wang Li , Xu Yuan , Li Zhiwei 
Published: November 2024

Objective:
To evaluate the impact of cardiac arrest time (CAT) in brain-dead donors on graft and recipient outcomes following liver transplantation.

Background:
The outcome of livers from brain-dead donors with a history of cardiac arrest (CA) remains controversial, and the duration of the CAT has never been evaluated.

Methods:
A retrospective review of data from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients between 2003 and 2022 was conducted. Propensity score matching was performed to minimize confounding effects.

Results:
A total of 115,202 recipients were included, 7364 (6.4%) and 107,838 (93.6%) of whom were of the CA and non-CA group, respectively. After 1:1 propensity score matching, each group consisted of 7157 cases. The CA group demonstrated shorter hospital stay (15.5 ± 20.0 days vs. 16.2 ± 21.3 days, P = 0.041), with comparable incidence of early graft failure (EGF, 5.8% vs. 6.2%, P = 0.161). The CA group demonstrated slightly higher graft survival rates (1 year, 90% vs. 88%; 5 years, 76% vs. 74%; and 10 years, 61% vs. 58%, P < 0.001). CAT positively correlated with EGF [odds ratio (OR) = 1.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02–1.04, P < 0.001], with a sensitivity and specificity of 73% and 86% at a cutoff of 30 minutes. The CAT <30 minutes group demonstrated significantly lower incidence of EGF (5.0%), compared with 7.8% of the CAT >30 minutes group and 6.2% of the non-CA group (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
The use of brain-dead donors with a history of CA did not increase the risk of liver graft failure in our study. A downtime of <30 minutes may confer protective effects on transplanted grafts.
Comparison of LS CE-Chirp and Click Stimuli in Auditory Brainstem Responses in High-Frequency Hearing Loss
Authors: Belet Uğur , Akşit Ateş Mehmet , Kösemihal Ebru 
Published: November 2024

Objectives:
The auditory brainstem response (ABR) is an evoked potential used to estimate the hearing thresholds and identify potential auditory pathologies. Although a click stimulus is generally used as an auditory stimulus in diagnostics, recent reports show that the Level-Specific CE-Chirp (LS CE-Chirp) stimulus can also be used for clinical diagnosis. In this study, we compared the auditory brainstem test outcomes of the LS CE-Chirp stimulus and the click stimulus in individuals with high-frequency hearing loss (HFHL).

Design:
Patients with HFHL (n = 30) and individuals with normal hearing (n = 30) were included in the study. Audiometric pure-tone thresholds were determined for all subjects at 250 to 8000 Hz. For individuals with normal hearing, the pure-tone thresholds were required to be ≤20 dB HL for all frequencies. HFHL cases were selected from people with at least 5 years of hunting experience. All subjects were tested with ABR at 80 and 60 dB nHL. The ABR test was performed using click and LS CE-Chirp stimuli at a rate of 11.1/sec. ABR wave I, III, and V peak latencies and I to V interpeak latency values were compared within and among the groups.

Results:
Longer latency values were obtained with the LS CE-Chirp stimulus at 80 dB nHL intensity and 11.1/sec stimulus frequency than with the click stimulus in the control group. No significant difference was detected between the LS CE-Chirp and click stimuli at the 80 dB nHL intensity level in the HFHL group (p > 0.005). When the HFHL patients were classified according to the 4000 Hz threshold, the click stimulus was found to be more compatible with the behavioral 4000 Hz threshold.

Conclusions:
The wave latency values obtained with the LS CE-Chirp stimulus in the HFHL group, unlike with the click stimulation, were less affected by the level of hearing loss in the HFHL group. For this difference to have a diagnostic value, further studies would be needed on patients with different pathologies and hearing loss configurations.