bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical activity and health-related quality of life in multiple myeloma survivors: the PROFILES registry
Authors: Servadio Michela , Cottone Francesco , Sommer Kathrin , Oerlemans Simone , van de Poll-Franse Lonneke , Efficace Fabio 
Published: June 2019

ObjectivesTo investigate whether physical activity (PA) is associated with health-related quality of life (HRQOL) outcomes in multiple myeloma (MM) survivors up to 11 years after diagnosis.MethodsWe used data from the Patient Reported Outcomes Following Initial treatment and Long term Evaluation of Survivorship registry. We included 175 MM survivors diagnosed between 1999 and 2009 as registered by the Netherlands Cancer Registry. Sixty-four per cent (n=112/175) of patients who received the questionnaires, completed the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QLQ-C30 and the EORTC QLQ-MY20. Patients were classified into two groups: physically active and not physically active patients. Univariable and multivariable linear regression models were used to evaluate associations between PA and HRQOL outcomes.ResultsPhysically active patients reported a statistically significant higher global health status/HRQOL (p=0.001), lower fatigue (p=0.002) and fewer side effects of treatments (p=0.001), than not physically active patients. PA was not associated with psychological symptoms (ie, anxiety and depressive symptoms) (anxiety: p=0.139; depressive symptoms: p=0.073). Exploratory analyses performed on the other scales of the EORTC QLQ-C30 indicated statistically significant better outcomes in several functional and symptom subscales for physically active patients.ConclusionsThese findings might contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between PA and disease specific HRQOL aspects in MM survivors. Prospective studies are warranted to further elucidate on the beneficial effects of PA on HRQOL outcomes of MM survivors.
Cardiac rehabilitation delivery in low/middle-income countries
Authors: Pesah Ella , Turk-Adawi Karam , Supervia Marta , Lopez-Jimenez Francisco , Britto Raquel , Ding Rongjing , Babu Abraham , Sadeghi Masoumeh , Sarrafzadegan Nizal , Cuenza Lucky , Anchique Santos Claudia , Heine Martin , Derman Wayne , Oh Paul , Grace Sherry L 
Published: June 2019

ObjectiveCardiac rehabilitation (CR) availability, programme characteristics and barriers are not well-known in low/middle-income countries (LMICs). In this study, they were compared with high-income countries (HICs) and by CR funding source.MethodsA cross-sectional online survey was administered to CR programmes globally. Need for CR was computed using incident ischaemic heart disease (IHD) estimates from the Global Burden of Disease study. General linear mixed models were performed.ResultsCR was identified in 55/138 (39.9%) LMICs; 47/55 (85.5% country response rate) countries participated and 335 (53.5% programme response) surveys were initiated. There was one CR spot for every 66 IHD patients in LMICs (vs 3.4 in HICs). CR was most often paid by patients in LMICs (n=212, 65.0%) versus government in HICs (n=444, 60.2%; p<0.001). Over 85% of programmes accepted guideline-indicated patients. Cardiologists (n=266, 89.3%), nurses (n=234, 79.6%; vs 544, 91.7% in HICs, p=0.001) and physiotherapists (n=233, 78.7%) were the most common providers on CR teams (mean=5.8±2.8/programme). Programmes offered 7.3±1.8/10 core components (vs 7.9±1.7 in HICs, p<0.01) over 33.7±30.7 sessions (significantly greater in publicly funded programmes; p<0.001). Publicly funded programmes were more likely to have social workers and psychologists on staff, and to offer tobacco cessation and psychosocial counselling.ConclusionCR is only available in 40% of LMICs, but where offered is fairly consistent with guidelines. Governments should enact policies to reimburse CR so patients do not pay out-of-pocket.
Impact of telemedicine interventions on mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Marcolino Milena Soriano , Maia Luciana Marques , Oliveira João Antonio Queiroz , Melo Laura Defensor Ribeiro , Pereira Bruno Leonardo Duarte , Andrade-Junior Diomildo Ferreira , Boersma Eric , Ribeiro Antonio Luiz 
Published: June 2019

BackgroundDespite the promise of telemedicine to improve care for ischaemic heart disease, there are significant obstacles to implementation. Demonstrating improvement in patient-centred outcomes is important to support development of these innovative strategies.ObjectiveTo assess the impact of telemedicine interventions on mortality after acute myocardial infarction (AMI).MethodsArticles were searched in MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Base de Dados de Enfermagem (BDENF), Indice Bibliográfico Español en Ciencias de la Salud (IBECs), Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar, from January 2004 to January 2018. Study selection and data extraction were performed by two independent reviewers. In-hospital mortality (primary outcome), and door-to-balloon (DTB) time, 30-day mortality and long-term mortality (secondary outcomes) were assessed. Random effects models were applied to estimate pooled results.ResultsThirty non-randomised controlled and sevenquasi-experimentalstudies were included (16 960 patients). They were classified as moderate or serious risk of bias by ROBINS-I (Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies–of Interventions tool). In 31 studies, the intervention was prehospital ECG transmission. Telemedicine was associated with reduced in-hospital mortality compared with usual care (relative risk (RR) 0.63(95% confidence interval[CI] 0.55 to 0.72); I2<0.001%). DTB time was consistently reduced (mean difference −28 (95% CI −35 to –20) min), but showed large heterogeneity (I2=94%). Thirty-day mortality (RR 0.62;95% CI 0.43 to 0.85) and long-term mortality (RR 0.61(95% CI 0.40 to 0.92)) were also reduced, with moderate heterogeneity (I2=52%).ConclusionsThere is moderate-quality evidence that telemedicine strategies, in particular ECG transmission, combined with the usual care for AMI are associated with reduced in-hospital mortality and very-low quality evidence that they reduce DTB time, 30-day mortality and long-term mortality.
Factors influencing long-term heart failure mortality in patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in Western Sweden: probable dose-related protection from beta-blocker therapy
Authors: Javidgonbadi Davood , Andersson Bert , Abdon Nils-Johan , Schaufelberger Maria , Östman-Smith Ingegerd 
Published: June 2019

ObjectiveIn order to avoid effects of referral bias, we assessed risk factors for disease-related mortality in a geographical cohort of patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM), and any therapy effect on survival.MethodsDiagnostic databases in 10 hospitals in the West Götaland Region yielded 251 adult patients with HOCM (128 male, 123 female). Case notes were reviewed for clinical data and ECG and ultrasound findings. Beta-blockers were used in 71.3% of patients from diagnosis (median metoprolol-equivalent dose of 125 mg/day), and at latest follow-up in 86.1%; 121 patients had medical therapy alone, 88 short atrioventricular delay pacing and 42 surgical myectomy. Mean follow-up was 14.4±8.9 (mean±SD) years. Primary endpoint was disease-related death, and secondary endpoint heart failure deaths.ResultsThere were 65 primary endpoint events. Independent risk factors for disease-related death on multivariate Cox hazard regression were: female sex (p=0.005), age at diagnosis (p<0.001), outflow gradient ≥50 mm Hg at diagnosis (p=0.036) and at follow-up (p=0.001). Heart failure caused 62% of deaths, and sudden cardiac death 17%. Late independent predictors of heart failure death were: female sex (p=0.003), outflow gradient ≥50 mm Hg at latest follow-up (p=0.032), verapamil/diltiazem therapy (p=0.012) and coexisting hypertension (p=0.031), but not other comorbidities. Neither myectomy nor pacing modified survival, but early and maintained beta-blocker therapy was associated with dose-dependent reduction in disease-related mortality in the multivariate model (p=0.028), and final dose was also associated with reduced heart failure mortality (p=0.008). Kaplan-Meier survival curves analysed in initial dose bands of 0–74, 75–149 and ≥150 mg metoprolol/day showed 10-year freedom from disease-related deaths of 83.1%, 90.7% and 97.0%, respectively (ptrend=0.00008). Even after successful relief of outflow obstruction by intervention, there was survival benefit of metoprolol doses ≥100 mg/day (p=0.01).ConclusionsIn population-based HOCM cohorts heart failure is a dominant cause of death and on multivariate analysis beta-blocker therapy was associated with a dose-dependent cardioprotective effect on total, disease-related as well as heart failure-related mortality.
Perceptually regulated training does not influence the differentiated RPE response following 16-weeks of aerobic exercise in adults with spinal cord injury
Authors: Hutchinson Michael John , Valentino Sydney Ella , Totosy de Zepetnek Julia , MacDonald Maureen Jane , Goosey-Tolfrey Victoria Louise 
Published: June 2019

This study investigated the effect of prolonged familiarisation with ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) on the peripheral (RPEP) and central (RPEC) RPE responses to moderate–vigorous exercise in adults with spinal cord injury (SCI). RPEP and RPEC characterise the exertion of the working musculature and cardiorespiratory systems, respectively. Nineteen participants (age, 41.4 ± 11.4 years; peak oxygen uptake, 19.2 ± 7.2 mL·kg−1·min−1) with chronic SCI were randomly assigned to RPE-guided (n = 11; EXP) or active control (n = 8; CON) groups. EXP performed 16-weeks of RPE-guided, supervised aerobic training for 20 min, twice weekly, at RPE 3–6 (Category-Ratio 10 scale). CON had access to the same exercise equipment but received no specific advice on their exercise-training regime. Participants completed a graded exercise test, using an arm crank ergometer at pre- and post-training to determine peak oxygen uptake, with RPEP and RPEC recorded every minute throughout tests. Sixteen weeks training did not improve peak oxygen uptake. RPE decreased post-training at 50% (p = 0.02) and 70% peak oxygen uptake (p = 0.03), though there was no effect of group at either intensity (p = 0.54, 0.42, respectively). At 70% peak oxygen uptake, RPEP was greater than RPEC (4.2 ± 1.7 vs 3.4 ± 1.8, p < 0.005). Training with RPE-guidance for 16 weeks had no additional effect on the differentiated RPE responses to moderate-vigorous exercise in adults with SCI. Novelty In adults with SCI, differentiated RPE responses were not different between those who did, and did not, perform 16 weeks of RPE-guided training. This challenges whether familiarisation with RPE is necessary to be an effective regulator of exercise intensity in this population.
Influence of glaciations on North Sea petroleum systems
Authors: Medvedev Sergei , Hartz Ebbe H. , Schmid Daniel W. , Zakariassen Erik , Varhaug Per 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Even in tectonically inactive areas/times, the vertical motions of the Earth's interior may be significant due to glaciation. The most recent ice age massively changed the surface of northern Europe, leading to isostatic re-equilibration. We quantify the vertical motions resulting from three glacial-related mass redistribution mechanisms using, as an example, the North Sea throughout the Quaternary: (1) ice-sheet loading, (2) erosion, including glacial carving of fjords; (3) and sediment deposition. These processes yielded up to 1 km of vertical displacement of the lithosphere across the North Sea, and the corresponding sediment-tilting changed the geometry of petroleum systems and hydrocarbon migration routes. Using the Base Cretaceous Unconformity as a top seal proxy, we analyse the consequences in the Norwegian North Sea. Comparing well data to models, we suggest that tilting the Troll Field back towards its early Quaternary position flattens the palaeo-oil–water contact (palaeo-OWC), which today is tilted by up to 70 m. The Johan Sverdrup Field shows a more complex history. Hints of a palaeo-OWC tilted can be seen in permeable reservoirs, whereas deeper sporadic oil shows cannot be explained by simple tilt models. Our study illustrates how glacial-related processes may influence the development of giant oil and gas accumulations.
Acute suppression of insulin resistance-associated hepatic miR-29 in vivo improves glycemic control in adult mice
Authors: Hung Yu-Han , Kanke Matt , Kurtz C. Lisa , Cubitt Rebecca , Bunaciu Rodica P. , Miao Ji , Zhou Liye , Graham James L. , Hussain M. Mahmood , Havel Peter , Biddinger Sudha , White Phillip J. , Sethupathy Praveen 
Published: June 2019

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important posttranscriptional regulators of metabolism and energy homeostasis. Dysregulation of certain miRNAs in the liver has been shown to contribute to the pathogenesis of Type 2 diabetes (T2D), in part by impairing hepatic insulin sensitivity. By small RNA-sequencing analysis, we identified seven hepatic miRNAs (including miR-29b) that are consistently aberrantly expressed across five different rodent models of metabolic dysfunction that share the feature of insulin resistance (IR). We also showed that hepatic miR-29b exhibits persistent dysregulation during disease progression in a rat model of diabetes, UCD-T2DM. Furthermore, we observed that hepatic levels of miR-29 family members are attenuated by interventions known to improve IR in rodent and rhesus macaque models. To examine the function of the miR-29 family in modulating insulin sensitivity, we used locked nucleic acid (LNA) technology and demonstrated that acute in vivo suppression of the miR-29 family in adult mice leads to significant reduction of fasting blood glucose (in both chow-fed lean and high-fat diet-fed obese mice) and improvement in insulin sensitivity (in chow-fed lean mice). We carried out whole transcriptome studies and uncovered candidate mechanisms, including regulation of DNA methyltransferase 3a ( Dnmt3a) and the hormone-encoding gene Energy homeostasis associated ( Enho). In sum, we showed that IR/T2D is linked to dysregulation of hepatic miR-29b across numerous models and that acute suppression of the miR-29 family in adult mice leads to improved glycemic control. Future studies should investigate the therapeutic utility of miR-29 suppression in different metabolic disease states. Enho; insulin resistance; liver; microRNA-29 (miR-29); UCD-T2DM
Psychologic Distress Is Associated with Cancer-Specific Mortality among Patients with Cervical Cancer
Authors: Lu Donghao , Andrae Bengt , Valdimarsdóttir Unnur , Sundström Karin , Fall Katja , Sparén Pär , Fang Fang 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Emerging evidence suggests a role of psychologic factors in the progression of different cancer types. However, it is unclear whether psychologic distress around the time of diagnosis of invasive cervical cancer places patients at a higher risk of cancer-specific mortality, independently of tumor characteristics and treatment modalities. We conducted a nationwide cohort study, including 4,245 patients with newly diagnosed cervical cancer during 2002–2011 in Sweden. Psychologic distress was indicated by a clinical diagnosis of depression, anxiety, or stress reaction and adjustment disorders, or the experience of a stressful life event, including death or severe illness of a family member, divorce, or between jobs, from one year before cancer diagnosis and onwards. We calculated the HRs of cancer-specific mortality among the patients exposed to psychologic distress, compared with unexposed patients, controlling for socioeconomic characteristics and other known prognostic indicators such as tumor and treatment characteristics. We found that patients exposed to psychologic distress had an increased risk of cancer-specific mortality (HR 1.33; 95% CI, 1.14–1.54). The association was primarily driven by distress experienced within one year before or after diagnosis (HR 1.30; 95% CI, 1.11–1.52), but not thereafter (HR 1.12; 95% CI, 0.84–1.49). In summary, our study shows that psychiatric disorders and stressful life events around cancer diagnosis are associated with increased cancer-specific mortality among patients with cervical cancer, independent of tumor characteristics and treatment modality.

Significance:
These findings support the integration of psychologic screening and intervention in the clinical management of patients with cervical cancer, particularly around the time of cancer diagnosis.
Plasticizer Interaction With the Heart
Authors: Jaimes Rafael , McCullough Damon , Siegel Bryan , Swift Luther , McInerney Daniel , Hiebert James , Perez-Alday Erick A. , Trenor Beatriz , Sheng Jiansong , Saiz Javier , Tereshchenko Larisa G , Posnack Nikki Gillum 
Published: June 2019

Background:
Phthalates are used as plasticizers in the manufacturing of flexible, plastic medical products. Patients can be subjected to high phthalate exposure through contact with plastic medical devices. We aimed to investigate the cardiac safety and biocompatibility of mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), a phthalate with documented exposure in intensive care patients.

Methods:
Optical mapping of transmembrane voltage and pacing studies were performed on isolated, Langendorff-perfused rat hearts to assess cardiac electrophysiology after MEHP exposure compared with controls. MEHP dose was chosen based on reported blood concentrations after an exchange transfusion procedure.

Results:

Thirty-minute exposure to MEHP increased the atrioventricular node (147 versus 107 ms) and ventricular (117 versus 77.5 ms) effective refractory periods, compared with controls. Optical mapping revealed prolonged action potential duration at slower pacing cycle lengths, akin to reverse use dependence. The plateau phase of the action potential duration restitution curve steepened and became monophasic in MEHP-exposed hearts (0.18 versus 0.06 slope). Action potential duration lengthening occurred during late-phase repolarization resulting in triangulation (70.3 versus 56.6 ms). MEHP exposure also slowed epicardial conduction velocity (35 versus 60 cm/s), which may be partly explained by inhibition of Na
v
1.5 (874 and 231 µmol/L half-maximal inhibitory concentration, fast and late sodium current).

Conclusions:
This study highlights the impact of acute MEHP exposure, using a clinically relevant dose, on cardiac electrophysiology in the intact heart. Heightened clinical exposure to plasticized medical products may have cardiac safety implications—given that action potential triangulation and electrical restitution modifications are a risk factor for early after depolarizations and cardiac arrhythmias.
Why Was the August Rainfall Pattern in the East Asia–Pacific Ocean Region in 2016 Different from That in 1998 under a Similar Preceding El Niño Background?
Authors: Chen Dong , Gao Ya , Wang Huijun 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPrevious studies have noted that a strong El Niño event occurring in the preceding winter will result in westward stretching of the western North Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) in the following summer, causing anomalously high precipitation in the Yangtze–Huaihe River basin and anomalously low precipitation in southern China. The winters preceding the summers of 1998 and 2016 featured strong El Niño events, which, along with the El Niño event of 1982, represented the strongest El Niño events since 1950. Under these similar El Niño event backgrounds, the July precipitation anomaly in 2016 was similar to that in 1998, but the August precipitation anomalies in the two years featured opposite distributions. According to the atmospheric circulation analysis, we found that an anomalous ascending motion appeared over the Indian Ocean, while an anomalous descending motion appeared over the Pacific Ocean in August 1998. In addition, the WPSH stretched westward over southern China. However, the atmospheric circulation distribution in August 2016 was the opposite of that in 1998, and the WPSH was divided into eastern and western parts by the anomalous western Pacific cyclone. Further analysis showed that the number of tropical cyclones and typhoons over the western Pacific Ocean increased significantly in August 2016, and their activities were concentrated in the South China Sea (SCS)–southern China region and the western Pacific Ocean, resulting in the division of the WPSH. Therefore, the numbers, tracks, and strengths of tropical cyclones and typhoons were responsible for the differences in the anomalous precipitation distributions over the East Asia–Pacific Ocean region between August 2016 and August 1998.
A Multilayer Soil Moisture Dataset Based on the Gravimetric Method in China and Its Characteristics
Authors: Wang Aihui , Shi Xueli 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Based on the gravimetric-technique-measured soil relative wetness and the observed soil characteristic parameters from 1992 to 2013 in China, this study derives a user-convenient monthly volumetric soil moisture (SM) dataset from 732 stations for five soil layers (10, 20, 50, 70, and 100 cm). The temporal–spatial variations in SM and its relationship with precipitation (Pr) in different subregions are then explored. The magnitude of SM is relatively large in south China and is low in northwest China, and it generally increases with soil depth in each region. The maximum SM appears in spring and/or autumn and the minimum in summer, and the SM seasonality does not vary as distinctly as that of Pr. For the top three soil layers (10-, 20-, and 50-cm levels), the linear trend analysis indicates an overall increasing SM tendency, and the mean trends (averaged across stations with trends passing a 95% significance level test) are 9.35 × 10−7, 7.37 × 10−3, and 2.45 × 10−3 cm3 cm−3 yr−1, respectively. SM memory depends on the soil depth and regions, and it has longer retention time in the deeper layers. Furthermore, the correlation between SM and antecedent Pr varies with soil depth and lag time. The antecedent Pr anomaly (1 or 2 months in advance) can be used to some extent as a surrogate SM anomaly in most regions except for in arid regions. This result is further demonstrated by the relationships between the SM anomaly and the standardized precipitation index. The current SM dataset can be used in various applications, such as validating satellite-retrieved products and model outputs.
Communicating Climate Change: Probabilistic Expressions and Concrete Events
Authors: Joslyn Susan , Demnitz Raoni 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Despite near unanimous agreement among climate scientists about global warming, a substantial proportion of Americans remain skeptical or unconcerned. The two experiments reported here tested communication strategies designed to increase trust in and concern about climate change. They also measured attitudes toward climate scientists. Climate predictions were systematically manipulated to include either probabilistic (90% predictive interval) or deterministic (mean value) projections that described either concrete (i.e., heat waves and floods) or abstract events (i.e., temperature and precipitation). The results revealed that projections that included the 90% predictive interval were considered more trustworthy than deterministic projections. In addition, in a nationally representative sample, Republicans who were informed of concrete events with predictive intervals reported greater concern and more favorable attitudes toward climate scientists than when deterministic projections were used. Overall, these findings suggest that while climate change beliefs may be rooted in partisan identity, they remain malleable, especially when targeted communication strategies are used.