bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Héctor Tizón: la escritura y los avatares del exilio
Authors: Mancini Adriana 
Published: September 2019

Desde sus comienzos, desde los primeros pasos para lograr la independencia de la futura Nación Argentina, luchas intestinas signaron el tenor del recorrido institucional. La generación del 37, jóvenes nacidos en la primera década del siglo XIX cuando la Revolución de Mayo de 1810 exaltaba los ánimos patriotas empeñados en cortar lazos con España, enfrentaban ideológicamente a los denominados «federales» cuyo conductor, Juan Manuel de Rosas, dominaba la rica y extensa región de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. El exilio fue el camino obligado de los disidentes al régimen rosista. Los países vecinos de Chile y Uruguay fueron refugio de Domingo Faustino Sarmiento y Esteban Echeverría, dos de los principales protagonistas de esta contienda. En el exilio, ambos escribieron dos textos fundantes de la literatura argentina: Facundo, una suerte de biografía del caudillo homónimo de la región de Cuyo y el Noroeste argentino de donde era originario Sarmiento y El matadero de Esteban Echeverría cuyo título, a través de una sinécdoque, refería a la situación de violencia que reinaba en la provincia de Buenos Aires. La intolerancia política, la persecución y muerte marcaron las décadas en la Argentina de forma sistemática hasta 1983, fecha en la que se recuperó la democracia. La literatura en sus variadas manifestaciones genéricas, particularmente narrativa y dramaturgia, dejaron un testimonio elocuente y verosímil de los hechos. Paradójicamente, la ficción tuvo a su cargo la verdadera historia; la contracara de la historia oficial que se difundía en épocas de gobiernos dictatoriales donde la censura imperaba. En el siglo XX y en particular durante la dictadura del último gobierno militar acaecida entre 1976 y 1983, los textos circulaban en forma clandestina y los escritores –aquellos que pudieron huir y salvaron su vida– escribieron desde el exterior. Esta vez, España y México fueron, entre otros, países que tendieron sus lazos solidarios; los países vecinos de Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, Paraguay, padecían sus respectivas dictaduras.
Spomin in pomnjenje v Heideggerjevi obravnavi vprašanja o tem, kaj se pravi misliti
Authors: Komel Dean 
Published: September 2019

Filozofija vprašanje o možnosti spoznanja od svojih začetkov povezuje z zmožnostjo spominjanja. Novejša filozofija, začenši s Kierkegaardom, spominjanje pritegne na način omogočanja gibanja človeške eksistence v svetu. Martin Heidegger je v freiburških predavanjih v letih 1951/52, ki so leta 1954 izšla v delu Kaj se pravi misliti?, obravnaval spomin in pomnjenje v pogledu sopripadnosti mislenja in biti. Podrobnejša razčlenitev njegove obravnave nam pokaže »breztemeljni izvor« spominjanja in pomnjenja, ki je sam po sebi položen v govorico in z njo. Govorica potemtakem izvorno »hrani« in »ohranja« spomin. Vendar v času, v katerem po Heideggerju »še ne mislimo«, istočasno pa ga zaznamuje razmah kognitivne tehnologije, tvegamo, da gre ravno govorica v pozabo, ne da bi kakorkoli občutili nujo, da (se) na to spomnimo.
Solidarnost in vzajemnost v času recesije. Razumevanje starih in novih vrednosti in vrednot v poznem kapitalizmu
Authors: Simonič Peter 
Published: September 2019

Finančna kriza in njene posledice v evropskih družbah kažejo na pomanjkljivosti sedanjega gospodarskega sistema. Še posebej v t. i. obrobnih državah se dramatično povečujejo brezposelnost, nižanje porabe, občasnost del, prisilno preseljevanje delovne sile, revščina, deložacije itd. Neoliberalna politika, ki ji sledi večina evropskih vlad, ponuja malo možnosti za rešitev nastale situacije.
Assessing the peatland hummock–hollow classification framework using high-resolution elevation models: implications for appropriate complexity ecosystem modeling
Authors: Moore Paul A. , Lukenbach Maxwell C. , Thompson Dan K. , Kettridge Nick , Granath Gustaf , Waddington James M. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract. The hummock–hollow classification framework used to categorize peatland
ecosystem microtopography is pervasive throughout peatland experimental
designs and current peatland ecosystem modeling approaches. However,
identifying what constitutes a representative hummock–hollow pair within a
site and characterizing hummock–hollow variability within or between
peatlands remains largely unassessed. Using structure from motion (SfM),
high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) of hummock–hollow
microtopography were used to (1) examine how much area needs to be sampled
to characterize site-level microtopographic variation; and (2) examine the
potential role of microtopographic shape/structure on biogeochemical fluxes
using plot-level data from nine northern peatlands. To capture 95 % of
site-level microtopographic variability, on average, an aggregate sampling
area of 32 m2 composed of 10 randomly located plots was required. Both
site- (i.e. transect data) and plot-level (i.e. SfM-derived DEM) results show that
microtopographic variability can be described as a fractal at the submeter
scale, where contributions to total variance are very small below a 0.5 m
length scale. Microtopography at the plot level was often found to be
non-bimodal, as assessed using a Gaussian mixture model (GMM). Our findings
suggest that the non-bimodal distribution of microtopography at the
plot level may result in an undersampling of intermediate topographic
positions. Extended to the modeling domain, an underrepresentation of
intermediate microtopographic positions is shown to lead to potentially
large flux biases over a wide range of water table positions for ecosystem
processes which are non-linearly related to water and energy availability at
the moss surface. Moreover, our simple modeling results suggest that much
of the bias can be eliminated by representing microtopography with several
classes rather than the traditional two (i.e. hummock/hollow). A range of tools
examined herein can be used to easily parameterize peatland models, from
GMMs used as simple transfer functions to spatially explicit fractal
landscapes based on simple power-law relations between microtopographic
variability and scale.
Introducing PebbleCounts: a grain-sizing tool for photo surveys of dynamic gravel-bed rivers
Authors: Purinton Benjamin , Bookhagen Bodo 
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Grain-size distributions are a key geomorphic metric of gravel-bed rivers. Traditional measurement methods include manual counting or photo sieving, but these are achievable only at the 1–10 m2 scale. With the advent of drones and increasingly high-resolution cameras, we can now generate orthoimagery over hectares at millimeter to centimeter resolution. These scales, along with the complexity of high-mountain rivers, necessitate different approaches for photo sieving. As opposed to other image segmentation methods that use a watershed approach, our open-source algorithm, PebbleCounts, relies on k-means clustering in the spatial and spectral domain and rapid manual selection of well-delineated grains. This improves grain-size estimates for complex riverbed imagery, without post-processing. We also develop a fully automated method, PebbleCountsAuto, that relies on edge detection and filtering suspect grains, without the k-means clustering or manual selection steps. The algorithms are tested in controlled indoor conditions on three arrays of pebbles and then applied to 12 × 1 m2 orthomosaic clips of high-energy mountain rivers collected with a camera-on-mast setup (akin to a low-flying drone). A 20-pixel b-axis length lower truncation is necessary for attaining accurate grain-size distributions. For the k-means PebbleCounts approach, average percentile bias and precision are 0.03 and 0.09 ψ, respectively, for ∼1.16 mm pixel−1 images, and 0.07 and 0.05 ψ for one 0.32 mm pixel−1 image. The automatic approach has higher bias and precision of 0.13 and 0.15 ψ, respectively, for ∼1.16 mm pixel−1 images, but similar values of −0.06 and 0.05 ψ for one 0.32 mm pixel−1 image. For the automatic approach, only at best 70 % of the grains are correct identifications, and typically around 50 %. PebbleCounts operates most effectively at the 1 m2 patch scale, where it can be applied in ∼5–10 min on many patches to acquire accurate grain-size data over 10–100 m2 areas. These data can be used to validate PebbleCountsAuto, which may be applied at the scale of entire survey sites (102–104 m2). We synthesize results and recommend best practices for image collection, orthomosaic generation, and grain-size measurement using both algorithms.
Representation and improved parameterization of reservoir operation in hydrological and land-surface models
Authors: Yassin Fuad , Razavi Saman , Elshamy Mohamed , Davison Bruce , Sapriza-Azuri Gonzalo , Wheater Howard 
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Reservoirs significantly affect flow regimes in watershed systems by changing the magnitude and timing of streamflows. Failure to represent these effects limits the performance of hydrological and land-surface models (H-LSMs) in the many highly regulated basins across the globe
and limits the applicability of such models to investigate the futures of
watershed systems through scenario analysis (e.g., scenarios of climate,
land use, or reservoir regulation changes). An adequate representation of
reservoirs and their operation in an H-LSM is therefore essential for a
realistic representation of the downstream flow regime. In this paper, we
present a general parametric reservoir operation model based on piecewise-linear relationships between reservoir storage, inflow, and release to
approximate actual reservoir operations. For the identification of the model
parameters, we propose two strategies: (a) a “generalized”
parameterization that requires a relatively limited amount of data and
(b) direct calibration via multi-objective optimization when more data on
historical storage and release are available. We use data from 37 reservoir
case studies located in several regions across the globe for developing and
testing the model. We further build this reservoir operation model into the
MESH (Modélisation Environmentale-Surface et Hydrologie) modeling system, which is a large-scale H-LSM. Our results across the
case studies show that the proposed reservoir model with both
parameter-identification strategies leads to improved simulation accuracy
compared with the other widely used approaches for reservoir operation
simulation. We further show the significance of enabling MESH with this
reservoir model and discuss the interdependent effects of the simulation
accuracy of natural processes and that of reservoir operations on the overall
model performance. The reservoir operation model is generic and can be
integrated into any H-LSM.
Properties of Gypsum Boards Made of Mixtures of Wood and Rice Straw
Authors: Sahin Halil Turgut , Demir İlkhan , Yalçın Ömer Ümit 
Published: September 2019

Aims: It was investigated to produce gypsum-based experimental composite panels with red pine wood/rice straw particles in the mixture up to 60:40 (ratio) (w/w) in gypsum-water mixture. In this case, the additives could be observed more closely.
Methodology: The red pine wood chips and the rice straw (stalks) have been turned into suitable particle dimensions. The experimental boards were cut to determine the IB (Internal bond), MOE–MOR (Modulus of Elasticity and Rupture), and TS (thickness swelling after 24 hours immersion in water). A standard flame combustion test system was conducted according to TS EN-ISO 11925-2. For surface chemical analyses, FTIR was used to evaluate the chemical groups present in the board surface. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was conducted for measuring changes in boards as a function of increasing temperature. The natural weathering tests were conducted that were exposed to outdoor for two months then color and surface hardness measurements conducted for determining property changes.
Results: The rice straw had negative impact on thickness swelling (TS) properties of boards in water. The highest TS value of 47.66% was observed in the board that produced from 60:40 (ratio) (w/w) wood/rice straw mixture (DE4). However, the addition of rice straw to the wood/gypsum mixture has a lowering effect on the internal bond (IB) and bending strength (MOR) properties of experimental boards some level. The maximum IB strength of 0.06 N/mm2 and MOR of 2.77 N/mm2 found control sample (DE0). However, the highest MOE value of 553 N/mm2 was calculated on the DE4 board, which was produced by adding 40% rice straw to the wood/gypsum mixture. The addition of rice straw and wood particles to the gypsum structure has a positive effect on the heat transfer properties.
Conclusion: It is clear that the addition of rice straw to the wood/gypsum mixture adversely affected the strength properties negatively. However, rice straw in wood chip/gypsum mixture helps to improve heat resistance (insulation) properties of panels at some level. Moreover, the addition of rice straw to wood/gypsum mixture effects on extending hardening time.
O Capital contra a educaÇão da classe trabalhadora
Authors: Peixoto Elza Margarida de Mendonça , Lopes Vania Pereira Moraes , Espírito Santo Filho Edson Espírito Santo , Sousa Itamar Silva 
Published: September 2019

<span>Em especial, a análise dos documentos oficiais com os quais o Capital coordena a organização da vida social evidenciam a profundidade e a violência do ataque contra os interesses e necessidades dos trabalhadores. A direção da política econômica nestes documentos emitidos pelos órgãos centrais de gestão do capitalismo mundial, como o Banco Mundial, revelam os eixos de uma reestruturação das tarefas do Estado nas relações de produção capitalistas, com vistas a tornar mais agressivo seu direcionamento para o atendimento dos interesses do capital financeiro. Esta reforma impacta especialmente as políticas sociais e a política nacional de ciência e tecnologia. São a prova de uma ação orquestrada de ataques do capital contra a classe trabalhadora, que <strong><em>subordinam</em></strong>a vida insignificante e excedente dos que produzem a riqueza – os trabalhadores – <strong><em>à gestão e ao controle</em></strong>da coisa pública conduzida, sob a perspectiva neoliberal, conforme os interesses do capital financeiro. Um ataque que evidencia o desespero pela preservação da acumulação privada assim como o desprezo e o sacrifício da força de trabalho que produz toda a riqueza social. <span>Este Volume 11, Número 1 de Germinal expressa o esforço empreendido pelos intelectuais e educadores marxistas de realizar a crítica materialista e dialética desta conjuntura, enfrentando-a com radicalidade, reconhecendo o movimento da correlação de forças e os limites e possibilidades das políticas que foram possíveis no seio do embate entre capital e trabalho em nível mundial. São 25 manuscritos distribuídos nas seções <em>Debates, Artigos, Entrevista, Documento e Resenha </em>que, no conjunto, cumprem o papel de recuperar a lógica dos processos históricos, os agentes e os instrumentos que foram utilizados pelo Capital no processo coordenado de manter-se hegemônico no controle da produção da existência e na concentração de suas vantagens, mesmo quando parecia as dividir<em>.</em></span></span>
Serotonin is essential for eye regeneration in planaria Schmidtea mediterranea
Authors: Sarkar Arunabha , Mukundan Namita , Sowndarya Sai , Dubey Vinay Kumar , Babu Rosana , Lakshmanan Vairavan , Rangiah Kannan , Panicker Mitradas M. , Palakodeti Dasaradhi , Subramanian Sabarinath Peruvemba , Subramanian Ramaswamy 
Published: September 2019

Planaria is an ideal system to study factors involved in regeneration and tissue homeostasis. Little is known about the role of metabolites and small molecules in stem cell maintenance and lineage specification in planarians. Using liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (LC‐MS)‐based quantitative metabolomics, we determined the relative levels of metabolites in stem cells, progenitors, and differentiated cells of the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea. Tryptophan and its metabolic product serotonin are significantly enriched in stem cells and progenitor population. Serotonin biosynthesis in these cells is brought about by a noncanonical enzyme, phenylalanine hydroxylase. Knockdown of Smed‐pah leads to complete disappearance of eyes in regenerating planaria, while exogenous supply of serotonin and its precursor rescues the eyeless phenotype. Our results demonstrate a key role for serotonin in eye regeneration.
What Have We Learned From Trajectory Analysis of Clinical Outcomes in Knee and Hip Osteoarthritis Before Surgery?
Authors: Wieczorek Maud , Rotonda Christine , Guillemin Francis , Rat Anne‐Christine 
Published: September 2019

ObjectiveThe past decade has seen a rapid increase in the publication of studies using trajectory analysis to describe the course of osteoarthritis (OA) symptoms. The aim of this systematic review was to describe the distinct trajectories for OA outcomes and the predictors of these trajectories.MethodsMedline and PsycInfo databases were searched for relevant studies. Selection criteria were 1) patients ≥18 years of age, 2) patients at high risk of or diagnosed with knee or hip OA, 3) studies aiming to identify homogeneous subgroups with distinct trajectories of clinical outcomes, and 4) methodology and analysis designed to identify trajectories (longitudinal design and repeated measures). The search was limited to publications in English or French.ResultsOf the 5,177 abstracts retrieved, 44 studies met the inclusion criteria; 21 described the disease progression before surgery. The most frequent outcomes were pain and physical function. Up to 6 trajectories of pain were found for hip and knee OA. For function, between 1 and 5 trajectories were identified for knee OA. Low educational level, high body mass index, and high number of comorbidities were the most reported predictors of bad evolution.ConclusionAlthough studies were heterogeneous (outcome, subgroup number, and composition), they revealed stable OA trajectories over time. This finding suggests that OA is a chronic disease that does not inevitably worsen in terms of patient‐reported symptoms.
Microfluidic Synthesis of Gd‐Based Nanoparticles for Fast and Ultralong MRI Signals in the Solid Tumor
Authors: Li Xuanyu , Feng Qiang , Jiang Xingyu 
Published: September 2019

AbstractClinically used magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents (MRI CAs) for solid tumors suffer from short life spans and low accumulation at the tumor for their low molecular weights. A good solution is to incorporate these MRI CAs into nanoparticles. Food and Drug Administration‐approved compounds, poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) and lipids, are chosen to assemble these nanoparticles. PLGA/lipid hybrid nanoparticles are assembled in microfluidic channels with a suitable size distribution for imaging tumors. These nanoparticles achieve clearly enhanced MRI contrast at the tumor at 0.5 h postinjection. The enhanced MRI contrast is sustained for 16 h. They can margin the tumor with as good an enhanced MRI contrast as clinical MRI CAs (which visualize the whole tumor) of the solid tumor with much less Gd. They are particularly useful for monitoring the solid tumor after therapy within a day and without repeated administration as clinical MRI CAs.
Individually Silica‐Embedded Gold Nanorod Superlattice for High Thermal and Solvent Stability and Recyclable SERS Application
Authors: Lim Sung‐Hwan , Lee Min‐Jae , Kang Shin‐Hyun , Dey Jahar , Umar Aminah , Lee Sang‐Jo , Choi Sung‐Min 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA facile method to fabricate 2D hexagonal monolayer superlattices of gold nanorods (GNRs) individually embedded in silica matrix on a substrate is developed. In this method, the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) bilayer‐coated GNRs are self‐assembled into a hexagonally packed monolayer superlattice on the substrate by slow evaporation in the presence of silica precursors in the solution at a highly acidic condition. The GNR superlattices fabricated by this method show excellent structural stability at high temperature as high as 500 °C and in solvents of a wide range of polarities including water, ethanol, toluene, and cyclohexane. The structural stability makes the GNR superlattices highly reusable surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)‐active substrates for sensitive molecular detection, well‐maintaining the SERS intensity over 10 cycles.
Stretchable Carbon Nanotube‐Polymer Composites with Homogenous Deformation and as Liquid Droplet Sensors
Authors: Chang Shulong , Hou Siyu , Sun Yuping , Ge Yali , Xu Jie , Zhang Yingjiu , Pang Rui , Shang Yuanyuan , Cao Anyuan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCarbon nanotubes have the potential to develop functional and stretchable nanocomposites; tailoring the mechanical property especially enabling uniform deformation at large strains is key to those applications. Here, continuously woven are single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) through a poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solution into a highly flexible and processable composite film combining the reinforcing effect of SWNTs and high stretchability of PVA matrix. Observed is a homogenous strain field distribution throughout the composite film during tensile tests until large strains of 300–358% with a local fluctuation of only 10% that of total strain, also exhibiting consistent transverse and longitudinal true strains as well as Poisson's ratio. This property further leads to highly sensitive and electrical response to attached liquid droplets including water, NaCl solution, and typical organic solvents, in original and stretched states for many cycles, owing to the tunable SWNT networks within the polymer matrix upon volume expansion or shrinkage. The continuously fabricated SWNT/PVA composites with high stretchability and uniform deformation have potential applications in stretchable/weavable electronics, sensors, and actuators.
Simultaneous Achievement of High Efficiency and Long Lifetime in Deep Blue Phosphorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Choi Kyung Hyun , Lee Kyung Hyung , Lee Jun Yeob , Kim Taekyung 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHigh triplet energy exciplex hosts are developed using new electron transport type hosts with triphenylsilyl blocking groups to obtain high solid state triplet energy and exciplex triplet energy. Two triphenyltriazine derived hosts, 2‐phenyl‐4,6‐bis(4‐(triphenylsilyl)phenyl)‐1,3,5‐triazine (pSiTrz) and 2‐phenyl‐4,6‐bis(3‐(triphenylsilyl)phenyl)‐1,3,5‐triazine (mSiTrz), are synthesized as the high triplet energy hosts with electron transport properties. The two hosts show high triplet energy over 2.90 eV both in solution and solid film, and afford high triplet energy over 2.90 eV in the mixed hosts with a hole transport type 2,2′‐di(9H‐carbazol‐9‐yl)‐1,1′‐biphenyl (oCBP) host. The doping of a deep blue phosphorescent emitter in the mixed host oCBP:mSiTrz achieves high external quantum efficiency over 20% with a color coordinate of (0.14, 0.16) and device lifetime of longer than 1000 h at 100 cd m‐2. This is the first demonstration of simultaneous achievement over 20% external quantum efficiency (EQE) and 1000 h lifetime in the deep blue organic light‐emitting diodes with a x+y color coordinate value below 0.30.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Allylic Alkylation of Aldimine Esters with Vinyl‐Cyclopropanes to Yield α,α‐Disubstituted α‐Amino Acid Derivatives
Authors: Wang Jiahua , Dai Zonghao , Xiong Cheng , Zhu Jin , Lu Jinrong , Zhou Qingfa 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA synthetically useful approach for the synthesis of functionalized α, α‐disubstituted α‐amino acid derivatives via palladium‐catalyzed 1,7 addition of readily available aldimine esters to vinylcyclopropanes is reported. This methodology was operated under mild conditions, affording α‐allylic α‐amino esters in good to excellent yields and excellent regio‐ and stereoselectivity. This transformation displays broad functional‐group tolerance and enantioselective allylic alkylation has also been realized using a chiral phosphine ligand to provide the desired product.magnified image