bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti-Inflammatory And Anti-Oxidant Activities Of Glochidion Daltonii Branch Extract
Authors: Junlatat Jintana , Sripanidkulchai Bungorn 
Published: January 2019

Background: Glochidion daltonii (MÜll. Arg.) Kurz, Euphorbiaceae family, is a native medicinal plant in tropical regions of Asia. In Thailand, it has traditionally been used for treating pain and mouth inflammation. Objective: This study aims to investigate the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects of G. daltonii ethanolic extract (GDE) both in vitro and in vivo. Method: The anti-inflammatory mechanism was examined in E.coli LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells by using semi-quantitative-reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and the potential anti-inflammatory effect of GDE was evaluated in Sprague-Dawley rat using carrageenan-induced rat paw edema method. In addition, DPPH assay was used for anti-oxidant evaluation. Result: The results showed that GDE at 0.063 - 0.250 mg/mL concentrations inhibited the expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β. Moreover, an intraperitoneal administration of GDE significantly reduced paw edema in rats. Furthermore, GDE showed high anti-oxidant property with IC50 values at 6.35 ± 0.28 µg/mL. Conclusion: The results support the traditionally use of GDE for treating inflammation.
Pengaruh Pemberian Kafein Per Oral terhadap Kadar Gula Darah pada Tikus Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) Hiperglikemia
Authors: Ni'ma Ana Silvi , Sari Gadis Meinar , Prasetyowati Lucky 
Published: January 2019

Pendahuluan: Kafein adalah zat utama yang terkandung dalam kopi yang merupakan minuman yang digemari oleh masyarakat di seluruh dunia. Pengaruh kafein terhadap kadar gula dalam darah masih belum jelas apakah dapat menaikkan atau menurunkan kadar gula darah. Beberapa penelitian membuktikan bahwa kafein dapat meningkatkan kadar gula darah melalui efeknya terhadap penurunan sensitivitas insulin. Sebaliknya, penelitian lain membuktikan bahwa kafein dapat memberikan efek perlindungan tubuh terhadap diabetes mellitus melalui pengaruhnya dalam meningkatkan sensitivitas insulin. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui efek pemberian kafein per oral terhadap kadar gula darah pada tikus normal maupun tikus hiperglikemia. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan 36 tikus (Rattus norvegicus) yang dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok, yaitu kelompok tikus hiperglikemia yang diberi perlakuan (K1), kelompok tikus hiperglikemia kontrol (K2), kelompok tikus normal yang diberi perlakuan (K3) dan kelompok tikus normal kontrol (K4). Kelompok perlakuan (K1 dan K3) diberi kafein dengan dosis 3,22 mg/200 gram BB per oral setiap hari selama 3 hari. Kadar gula darah diukur sebelum dan setelah perlakuan. Analisis data menggunakan paired t-test dan effect size yang memberikan hasil signifikan apabila p < 0,05. Hasil: Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pemberian kafein secara oral memberikan efek yang signifikan terhadap kadar gula darah tikus normal dan hiperglikemia. Kesimpulan: Efek pemberian kafein terhadap kadar gula darah pada tikus normal dan hiperglikemia sebesar 81,1% dan 97,7%. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian kafein per oral terhadap kadar gula darah tikus normal dan hiperglikemia dapat meningkatkan kadar gula darah pada tikus normal dan hiperglikemia.
Pengaruh Pengetahuan terhadap Penggunaan Obat Parasetamol yang Rasional dalam Swamedikasi (Studi pada Ibu Rumah Tangga di Desa Sumberpoh Kecamatan Maron Kabupaten Probolinggo)
Authors: Oktaviana Elys , Hidayati Ika Ratna , Pristianty Liza 
Published: January 2019

Pendahuluan: Obat yang paling banyak digunakan untuk swamedikasi adalah parasetamol. Parasetamol digunakan untuk meredakan nyeri ringan atau sedang dan kondisi demam ringan. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh pengetahuan terhadap penggunaan obat parasetamol yang rasional dalam swamedikasi pada ibu rumah tangga di Desa Sumberpoh Kecamatan Maron Kabupaten Probolinggo. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasi analitik dengan pendekatan studi cross-sectional. Jumlah sampel adalah 84 responden yang dipilih menggunakan purposive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner tertutup. Analisis ini menggunakan metode regresi linier deskriptif dan sederhana. Hasil: Hasil penelitian yaitu ibu rumah tangga yang memiliki pengetahuan baik (39%), cukup baik (51%), kurang baik dan tidak baik masing-masing (5%). Ibu rumah tangga dengan tindakan positif (58%), sedangkan dengan tindakan negatif (42%). Analisis regresi linier nilai signifikan 0,029 < 0,05, nilai t-hitung 2,217 > 1,663. Nilai Rsquare 0,057, nilai R (0,238), persamaan regresi Y = 16,898 + 0,800x. Kesimpulan: Pengetahuan berpengaruh terhadap penggunaan obat parasetamol rasional dalam swamedikasi pada ibu rumah tangga di Desa Sumberpoh Kecamatan Maron Kabupaten Probolinggo. Untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat, khususnya ibu rumah tangga di desa Sumberpoh, Kecamatan Maron, Kabupaten Probolinggo disarankan dilakukan penyuluhan tentang penggunaan obat parasetamol yang rasional dalam swamedikasi.
The Influence of Reading Purpose on Second Language: Incidental Vocabulary Acquisition
Authors: Shuke Huang , Cuiqiong Pan 
Published: January 2019

<p>In recent years, the study of incidental vocabulary acquisition has received worldwide attention from scholars at home and abroad. Based on the relevant literature and some relevant empirical studies, this paper mainly explores the influence of reading purposes on the incidental acquisition of second language vocabulary in natural reading. It also put forward some constructive suggestions on how to use these factors to guide students' vocabulary learning.<strong><em></em></strong></p>
NEW DILEMMAS AND NEW DIRECTIONS IN SOUTH AFRICA AFTER APARTHEID
Authors: Anrys Stefaan , Chan David , Sachs Albie 
Published: January 2019

On 3 October 2016, Sachs, who collects honorary doctorates and other titles as if they were panini stickers, visited Ghent University for the third Mandela Lecture organised by the Africa Platform of the Ghent University Association, and moderated by Prof. Eva Brems. This interview was conducted on that occasion.
‘Since the attempt on my life, I see everything as rose-tinted’, laughs the man who sur- vived an attack, abolished the death penalty and was close to the ANC leadership. ‘If I were to become pessimistic about South Africa, people would really get scared, they’d say: Oh, even Albie doesn’t like it anymore ’(laughs).
In 1988 Albie Sachs was viciously attacked, losing his right arm and the sight of one eye. He was living in exile in Mozambique at the time, as South Africa suffered under the Apartheid regime. Sachs was one of the prominent freedom fighters, but survived the assassination attempt and eventually became an important member of the ANC, one of the many authors of the Constitution of the new South Africa. He was also invited by Mandela to sit on the Constitutional Court, which abolished the death penalty and forced Parliament to legalise LGBT marriage.
In Ghent, the now 81-year-old freedom fighter nuances the pessimistic news coming out of South Africa. ‘A lot is going wrong in South Africa. But what gives me hope is that people can speak their minds. Our democracy works. Our institutions work, and not just the courts and tribunals. Recently we had elections, and they were free and fair. And yes, the ANC lost the elections. But that is in fact the best evidence that our democracy works.’
SPACE AND TRANSFORMATION: THE STRUGGLE FOR ARCHITECTURE IN POST APARTHEID SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: Low Iain 
Published: January 2019

The title and this essay, ‘Space and Transformation – the struggle for architecture in post-apartheid South Africa’ derive from the 2nd Annual Nelson Mandela Lecture delivered in Ghent in 2015. Its source as my topic is located in the intersection of three interrelated trajectories. The most obvious is the issue of my disciplinary grounding and the locus of intellectual thought, that of architecture and the complexity associated with the production of space, particularly under conditions of change. The other is the life work and philosophical teaching of this extraordinary man Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela and the third is the condition of the world, and South Africa in particular, as we experience it today at what appears to be this unique historic intersectional moment of globalization and expansive tech- nological shift within our nations’ democratic emergence.
The essay draws on texts derived from other disciplines, such as literature and philosophy, particularly those that have relevance to conditions of the South, but resorts to the spatial disciplining associated with design. In so doing it reflects on architectural projects produced during the first decades of democratic rule. Most of these projects fall within the realm of human settlement, and have been selected in order to demonstrate transformation relative to the lived reality of ordinary South Africans, especially those marginalised and dispossessed by apartheid legislation. A semi-structured longitudinal analysis has been conducted so as to reflect on the relations between the agency of design and the instrumentation of architecture as practice in determining spatial transformation.
KEYWORDS: MANDELA, SPACE AND TRANSFORMATION, POST-APARTHEID, RE-RITING ARCHITECTURAL TYPE, DESIGN AGENCY, LAND, HOUSING, SOCIO-SPATIAL INFRASTRUCTURE, RE-BUILDING COMMUNITY.
PRODUCING NEW SPATIAL(IZED) (HI)STORIES ON CONGOLESE CITIES: REFLECTIONS ON TEN YEARS OF COLLABORATION BETWEEN UGENT AND UNIKIN
Authors: Lagae Johan , Kivilu Jacob Sabakinu 
Published: January 2019

This article presents the context and some of the results of ten years of collaboration in the field of African urban history between researchers from Ghent University (UGent), and mainly its Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, and scholars of the Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN), which, in part, has benefited from the forum created by the Ghent African Platform (GAP). What ties together this collaborative work, is the conviction that ‘History matters’ when thinking not only about the past, but also about the present and the future of cities in today’s DR Congo. Moreover, we argue, it is the combination of our complementary expertise in socio-demographic history and architectural/ urban planning history that has enabled us to develop new narratives on space and society in these urban environments. These, we believe, hold a relevance for the historiography of Congo’s colonial past as well as for current discussions on colonial heritage and urban development. By demonstrating that we have gained much through stimulating a cross-disciplinary and inter-generational conversation that brings together (the expertise from) scholars working on Congo/Africa and coming from different backgrounds, academic cultures and age, we explicitly want to advocate setting up forms of relationship between the ‘North’ and ‘South’ that go beyond the common trope of ‘Capacity Building’. A number of specific pieces of work related to the cities of Kinshasa and Matadi will be discussed, illustrating how we have also deliberately sought to target different audiences by producing different kinds of output, from academic publications to exhibitions, reports for policy makers to outreach activities in the cultural arena. As such, we believe that this ten years of collaboration on African Urban History is fully in tune with GAP’s main agenda of creating a cross-disciplinary forum where scholars from North and South, and from different generations can meet and exchange ideas, and we hope to embed our future collaboration in an even broader community, both at UGent and UNIKIN.
KEYWORDS: DR CONGO, URBAN HISTORY, CROSS-DISCIPLINARITY, COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH
REGREENING OF THE NORTHERN ETHIOPIAN MOUNTAINS: EFFECTS ON FLOODING AND ON WATER BALANCE
Authors: Asfaha Tesfaalem G. , De Meyere Michiel , Frankl Amaury , Haile Mitiku , Nyssen Jan 
Published: January 2019

The hydro-geomorphology of mountain catchments is mainly determined by vegetation cover. This study was carried out to analyse the impact of vegetation cover dynamics on flooding and water balance in 11 steep (0.27-0.65 m m-1) catchments of the western Rift Valley escarpment of Northern Ethiopia, an area that experienced severe deforestation and degradation until the first half of the 1980s and considerable reforestation thereafter. Land cover change analysis was carried out using aerial photos (1936,1965 and 1986) and Google Earth imaging (2005 and 2014). Peak discharge heights of 332 events and the median diameter of the 10 coarsest bedload particles (Max10) moved in each event in three rainy seasons (2012-2014) were monitored. The result indicates a strong reduction in flooding (R2 = 0.85, P<0.01) and bedload sediment supply (R2 = 0.58, P<0.05) with increasing vegetation cover. Overall, this study demonstrates that in reforesting steep tropical mountain catchments, magnitude of flooding, water balance and bedload movement is strongly determined by vegetation cover dynamics.
KEY WORDS: HYDRO-GEOMORPHOLOGY, REFORESTATION, CREST STAGE, PEAK DISCHARGE, BEDLOAD
MEDIATING MATONGE: RELOCATIONS OF BELGIAN POSTCOLONIALITY IN FOUR FILMS
Authors: Arnout Karel 
Published: January 2019

In this paper I look at the Matonge neighbourhood of Brussels as a locus of postcolonial and diasporic imagination and activism by different groups and individuals most notably people who identify as Africans, Belgians with African roots, or ‘Black’ in Belgium. Within a longer historical narrative that starts in the late 19th century, I focus on the period beginning in the late 1980s when new migrational flows from Africa and other southern countries into Brussels make the Matonge quarter increasingly visible in an otherwise hesitantly globalizing Belgian/European metropolis. This issue is taken up by several filmmakers who, over the last thirty years, have situated their critiques of the Belgian postcolonial condition in ‘Matonge’. In this paper I briefly present four of these films in order to illustrate the ways in which ‘Matonge’ features in changing discourses concerning inequality, cultural affirmation, and diasporic activism.
KEYWORDS: MATONGE, BRUSSELS, POSTCOLONIAL CONDITION, MEDIA AND MEDIATION
EKSPLORASI PEMANFAATAN SENI TRADISIONAL PADA DESA-DESA WISATA DI KABUPATEN SLEMAN
Authors: Herawati Enis Niken 
Published: January 2019

The main purpose of this study is to assess the cultural arts in some villages in Sleman district. In particular, this study aims to: 1) describe the types of traditional arts in tourist villages in Sleman district, 2) describe the presentation of traditional art performed in every tourism village in Sleman district, 3) describe the efforts to preserve the kinds of traditional art which are likely developed in the tourist villages in Sleman district. The results reveal that in some developing tourist villages there are many traditional art forms such as dance, traditional music (gamelan), puppet art, traditional games for children, with their own kind of variety. Art traditions in rural tourism are presented in a simple way and yet touched with good aesthetic arts that are still hereditary. The presentation of a certain kind of art attractions is based on the demand of visitors, but some are conducted based on the initiative coming from the tourist village manager. The traditional art in the main tourist village is used to attract visitors to come. It is also used as a venue for traditional art reception, entertainment, cultural recognition, the regeneration of art activists, and community empowerment.
PENINGKATAN KUALITAS PEMBELAJARAN SENI KERAJINAN BATIK DAN CHARACTER BUILDINGDENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE LESSON STUDY
Authors: Ismadi - 
Published: January 2019

This study aims at describing the learning process and its influence to the learning improvement and character building. The subject of this study is a group of 23 students of semester five in Craft Education Study Program of Department of Arts and Craft Education. This research is designed as an action research which adopts the resarch methods applied by Kemmis and Metaggart and is conducted in two cycles. The data collecting technique was conducted through observation, interviews, and documentation. The data were analyzed based on Descriptive Qaualitative Research method.The research results show that the learning process improves, which leads to the manifestation of character building in Batik Craft Art course. This is indicated bt the changes of the students’ attitudes and behavior in class. The students pay attention to the course materials given by the lecturer, and they also actively join the discussions held in class. From the record of students’ assessment of each competence, it shows the improvement of the students’ grades in this course.
SUBJEKTIFITAS SUTRADARA DALAM DOKUMENTER EKSPOSITORI 11TH HOUR DAN KONY 2012
Authors: Chrisna Putra I Made Denny 
Published: January 2019

Subjektifitas pembuat film bukanlah hal baru pada film dokumenter. Namun peletakan subjektifitas yang berlebihan menjadikan karya tersebut terlalu monoton dan berkesan mengajari. Memposisikan narasumber secara tepat akan menghasilkan informasi yang berguna bagi penonton, tetapi bila informasi dari narasumber di simpulkan sendiri oleh sutradara maka akan terkesan sangat menggurui. Dokumenter propaganda saat ini akan banyak mendapatkan kritik dari berbagai pihak, mengingat mudahnya akses media internet. Oleh karena itu, perlu melakukan penggarapan secara baik agar mampu memberikan jalan keluar dari suatu masalah yang di sajikan melalui dokumenter tersebut.
DHAKON: NILAI HISTORIS, SIMBOLIS, DAN EKSPERIMENTAL DALAM UPAYA PELESTARIAN
Authors: Basudewa I Gusti Ngurah Edi 
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan nilai historis, simbolis, dan eksperimental dari dhakon sebagai permainan tradisional. Hasil penelitian adalah sebagai berikut. Dhakon berasal dari kata dhaku yang mendapat akhiran -an. Dhaku berarti mengaku bahwa sesuatu itu miliknya. Jadi, dalam permainan ini dikandung tujuan bahwa isi permain berusaha mengaku bahwa sesuatu itu adalah miliknya. Dhakon secara internasional dinamakan mancala yang berasal dari bahasa Arab 'Naqala.' Kata ini berarti bergerak. Menurut dugaan, asal permainan ini berasal dari Jordania setelah ditemukan papan mainan yang berusia 7000-5000 tahun sebelum masehi. Sementara itu, di Afrika permainan ini juga dikenal dengan nama oware. Di Jawa permainan tradisional dhakon menjadi permainan yang popular. Permainan ini sering dimainkan oleh masyarakat biasa sampai kaum bangsawan atau priyayi. Selain itu, terdapat pula dhakon pusaka yang memiliki nilai simbolis. Dhakon merupakan salah satu unsur budaya yang harus dilestarikan. Salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan eksperimental. Eksperimental merupakan upaya untuk mengangkat nilai-nilai yang terkandung dalam permainan tradisional untuk diekspresikan menjadi sebuah karya seni dengan media tertentu yang menampilkan kebaruan, tetapi tanpa mengurangi nilai historis dan simbolisnya. Tujuan utamanya adalah untuk pelestarian saja.
TRANSFORMASI NILAI LOKAL YANG DIEKSPRESIKAN WAYANG TOPENG MALANG SEBAGAI SUMBER PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER
Authors: Hidayat Robby 
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan menggali nilai-nilai lokal yang bersumber dari Wayang Topeng Malang (WTM). Pendekatan yang diterapkan adalah transformasi dengan teori fungsional-struktural. Tujuan penelitian ini dimaksudkan mencari relasional nilai-nilai yang diekspresikan WTM. Penggalian data dilakukan pada perkumpulan Wayang Topeng Asmarabangun di Dusun Kedungmangga, Kecamatan Pakesaji, Kabupaten Malang melalui pengamatan (observer partisipatoris) dan wawancara. Analisis penelitian ini menggunakan metode hermeneutik terhadap WTM. Hasil penelitian menunjukan signifikasi transformasi nilai-nilai lokal tentang pendidikan-estetik dan sosial-egaliter yang dapat digunakan sebagai sumber pendidikan karakter dalam membentuk sikap siswa sekolah.
KARAKTERISTIK CERPEN-CERPEN CYBER
Authors: Kusmarwanti Kusmarwanti 
Published: January 2019

This research study aims to describe the characteristics of the site that includes short stories cyber, the fact of short stories cyber namely plot, character, and setting, and the characteristics of the reader and the author of short stories cyber.The research subjects were short stories cyber in www.kolomkita.com dan www.kemudian.com that published in April 2008. The data collected through data cards and analyzed by categorizing them in accordance with the predetermined categories.The research finding show that the site that contains short stories cyber determined by its organizer, both vision and personal as admin. Second, sitesthat contain short stories have hardly any cyber script selection process so that cyber short story has some weakness on the resolution of the story, the cultivation of the conflict, climax,character, and setting. A lot of short stories cyber are unfinished and very short. The shortstories writer and reader cyber is a community that found a path from them, by them, andfor them.
The Machines Wave Back
Authors: Eby Chad Michael 
Published: January 2019

What are the general latitudes of “autonomy” described in contemporary and historical autonomous art systems practices, and what might the threshold and terminal conditions be for an art-making system’s autonomy? This exploration sets about the task of describing, categorizing and attempting to model the degrees and qualities of system-level autonomy in Autonomus Art Systems―and what the outer limits of that autonomy might be in an art-making context. The goals of this investigation are to develop and clarify a new way to frame discussions of autonomous art systems, to complicate generally accepted notions of artist-AAS relationships and to a propose a new autonomy and agency model-based of AAS with ideas borrowed from software engineering, sociology and other fields.
Problemática institucional de las energías renovables en México
Authors: Brugger Jakob Samuel Immanuel , Dávila Moreno Ma. Elena Nancy , Llamas Galván Manuel Francisco 
Published: January 2019

Este ensayo trata de explicar los problemas institucionales y jurídicos que han limitado el aprovechamiento de dichas energías alternativas. El trabajo presenta la situación actual de México; después analiza el potencial que tiene el país. De ahí se pasa al estudio de la problemática institucional y jurídica que no ha logrado fomentar la promoción de energías renovables en México.
Gobernabilidad y riesgo financiero en la era neoliberal
Authors: Dymski Gary 
Published: January 2019

Se analiza el aumento en la ocurrencia y profundidad del riesgo financiero en la era neoliberal. Los cambios en los sistemas financieros que han hecho no solamente más difícil la gobernabilidad, sino que también han llevado a algunas interacciones perversas entre riesgo y gobernabilidad. Esta idea emerge de la revisión de la evolución del riesgo financiero y la gobernabilidad en la historia contemporánea. Se estudia la situación del riesgo financiero y la gobernabilidad a principios de la era de Bretton Woods hasta finales de los años setenta y hasta la emergencia de la crisis del crédito subprime de los años dos mil. Se examinan las implicaciones de esta historia para el futuro de la gobernabilidad financiera.
La Reserva Federal frente a la crisis y sus efectos sobre el sistema financiero global
Authors: Marshall Wesley 
Published: January 2019

Este artículo analiza los mecanismos de resolución de crisis empleados por la Reserva Federal (Fed) como respuesta a la crisis financiera que comenzó en Estados Unidos en 2007. El planteamiento principal es que las acciones de la Fed se asemejan más a un rescate subrepticio de los bancos “demasiados grandes para fallar”, que a una política monetaria insensata, como argumentan varias voces críticas en Estados Unidos. El rescate bancario no declarado por parte de la Fed no solamente está creado una gama de problemas económicos en Estados Unidos y el resto del mundo, sino también ha aumentado la desigualdad y ha reducido los niveles de vida de poblaciones vulnerables.