bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiotrophin-1 and leptin as cardiovascular risk markers in male patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
Authors: Cakir Isil , Uluhan Mustafa 
Published: January 2019

IntroductionElevated cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) and leptin levels are important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) has also been reported to increase this risk. The aim of this study is to evaluate serum concentrations of CT-1 and leptin in patients with OSAS and whether there is a possible association between CT-1, leptin and OSAS severity.Material and methodsFifty newly diagnosed OSAS patients and thirty nonapneic snoring subjects participated in this study. Fasting serum lipid profile markers were evaluated. The measurements of serum CT-1 and leptin levels were carried out using human ELISA kits.ResultsSignificant differences were found in the serum CT-1 and leptin levels between the two groups. Serum median CT-1 levels in patient and control groups, respectively, were 19.47; 8.23 pg/ml and leptin levels were 2.07; 1.29 ng/ml (p < 0.001). In the severe patient group, serum median CT-1 level was statistically significantly higher than the median level in the mild/moderate group. There was no correlation between patients’ leptin and lipid profile parameters and CT-1 concentrations were not associated with triglyceride, cholesterol or LDL cholesterol levels except HDL cholesterol: CT-1 levels were positively correlated with HDL levels (p = 0.02).ConclusionsBoth CT-1 and leptin were significantly elevated in the patient group. Furthermore, CT-1 and leptin were associated with OSAS and CT-1 was associated with the disease severity.
Influence of internal mammary artery retractor on postoperative patient comfort and quality of life
Authors: Yildiz Cenk Eray , Conkbayir Cenk , Tolgay Halil Erkam , Canikoglu Mustafa , Ceviker Kadir , Acikgoz Ayfer , Oztas Didem Melis , Sayin Omer Ali , Ugurlucan Murat , Beyzadeoglu Tahsin 
Published: January 2019

IntroductionPatients experience muscle, joint and shoulder pain after heart surgery. We aimed to compare quality of life in 2 groups of patients, one group having an internal mammary artery (IMA) retractor during surgery, the second group undergoing non-coronary heart surgery.Material and methodsGroup 1 was composed of 39 patients receiving an IMA retractor whereas in group 2 there were 29 patients. Patients in groups were compared for postoperative quality of life, shoulder pain, functional status, strength and patient satisfaction.ResultsVisual analog scale (VAS) assessment, pain localization, quality of life SF-36 form, and University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) functional shoulder scoring were applied in both groups. Mean VAS score in group 1 was significantly higher than in group 2. Only the vitality measure mean score was not significantly different in SF-36 assessment; however, in group 2 physical function and mental health scale mean scores were higher and the pain scale mean score was lower than in group 1. The total UCLA score and UCLA subgroups of pain, function, active flexion angle and strength revealed a statistically significant difference between groups.ConclusionsPatients in whom an IMA retractor was not utilized during surgery exhibited better results in physical functions, emotional status, and shoulder pain in the postoperative period.
The role of matrix metalloproteinases in cancer progression, in particular metastasis
Authors: S. Alsayad Fatima A. 
Published: January 2019

Cancer is a major global health concern, and is one of the leading causes of mortality in many developed countries including Australia. Most of the morbidity and mortality associated with cancer can be linked to the process of metastasis, whereby malignant cancerous cells move from their primary site to establish secondary tumours at a distant location. The capacity of cells to migrate through a tissue depends on their ability to degrade the extracellular matrix. Matrix metalloproteinases are the main protease enzymes involved in the degradation of the extracellular matrix. The release of these enzymes is important, not just for normal immune and inflammatory processes, but also for cancer.
Perceived emotional intelligence and life satisfaction: the mediating role of the positivity ratio
Authors: Moroń Marcin 
Published: January 2019

IntroductionEmotional intelligence is a positive predictor of well-being,
and positive and negative affect were demonstrated to mediate
this relationship. In two studies the balance between
positive and negative affect (positivity ratio) is examined
as a mediating factor between perceived emotional intelligence
and satisfaction with life.Participants and procedureThree-hundred and sixteen individuals (50% female) participated
in the first study. Participants completed the
Self-perceived emotional intelligence questionnaire,
the Positive and negative affect scale, and the Satisfaction
with life scale. One hundred individuals (79% women)
participated in the second study. In the first measurement
participants completed the Emotional intelligence questionnaire,
the general Positive and negative affect scale,
and the Satisfaction with life scale, while in the second
measurement participants completed the Positive and
negative affect in the past week scale and the Satisfaction
with life scale.ResultsIn the first study perceived emotional intelligence was positively
correlated with positivity ratio and satisfaction with
life, while positive ratio mediated between perceived emotional
intelligence and satisfaction with life. In the second
study, perceived emotional intelligence was positively correlated
with satisfaction with life and positivity ratios in
both measurements. The relationships between perceived
emotional intelligence and satisfaction with life (Time 2)
were fully mediated by satisfaction with life (Time 1), and
sequentially by positivity ratio (general) and satisfaction
with life (Time 1), and positivity ratio (general) and positivity
ratio (Time 2).ConclusionsIndividuals with high emotional intelligence tend to be
more satisfied with their lives, while higher positivity ratio
mediated between perceived emotional intelligence and
satisfaction with life.
The role of emotional reactions and retrospective assessment of parental attitudes in controlling destructive strategies for coping with a social conflict situation by junior high school students
Authors: Borecka-Biernat Danuta 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundThe purpose of our study was to search for the emotional and family aetiology of destructive strategies (aggression, avoidance, submission) for coping with a social conflict situation by adolescents.Participants and procedureThe questionnaire (KSMK) by Borecka-Biernat to study the strategies for coping with a social conflict situation by adolescents, the Three-Factor State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (TISCO) by Spielberger and Wrześniewski, as well as the Parental Attitudes Scale (SPR) by Plopa were applied in the research. The empirical research was carried out in junior high schools in Wroclaw and neighbouring towns. It covered 493 adolescents (269 girls and 224 boys) aged 13-15 years.ResultsAccording to the results of this study, interpersonal competence predicts perceived social support and self-esteem, and perceived social support predicts self-esteem. Perceived social support, which is the main focus of the research, plays a partial mediation role in the relationship between interpersonal competence and self-esteem.ConclusionsThe research result analysis revealed an interesting finding, i.e. few negative emotions and parental upbringing attitudes differentiated adolescents who applied aggression strategies from the ones who used strategies of avoidance and submission in a social conflict situation. This means that adolescents who use strategies of avoidance and submission in a social conflict situation are relatively homogeneous in the scope of the emotional and family variables researched.
Narration in Two Versions of “Virginius and Virginia”
Authors: Spearing A. C. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This article reconsiders Gower's “Virginius and Virginia” (Confessio Amantis, 7.5131–306) and Chaucer's Physician's Tale, along with modern interpretations of them, in the light of the relation between medieval narrative and modern narrative theory. It argues that neither narrative has a fictional narrator, that the narratorial I of the Physician's Tale is best understood as Chaucer, and more generally that application of the modern concept of the unreliable narrator to medieval narratives is unhistorical and distorting.
Martha Nussbaums Anger and Forgiveness
Authors: Claessen Jacques 
Published: January 2019

Martha Nussbaum’s Anger and Forgiveness – On retribution and forgiveness and on anger and love
In this article the author discusses the book Anger and Forgiveness written by the well-known and influential American philosopher Martha Nussbaum. In the opinion of the author Anger and Forgiveness is a provocative and challenging book. In the book, Nussbaum makes a distinction between conditional and unconditional forgiveness, she relates conditional forgiveness to the logic of retribution and she disapproves retribution and, by extension, conditional forgiveness on moral grounds. Her disapproval of retribution and conditional forgiveness is related to her disapproval of (vindictive) anger, which in her opinion is intrinsic part of retribution and conditional forgiveness. According to Nussbaum, anger – transitional anger excluded – has to be replaced by unconditional love; only conduct that stems from unconditional love can be qualified as moral. Sometimes unconditional forgiveness can be seen as a form of unconditional love. Subsequently, Nussbaum applies her ideas on anger, retribution, forgiveness and love to the political domain, to which also criminal law belongs. Nussbaum pleads for a criminal law system empty of anger and retribution; in Nussbaum’s criminal law system there is only room for prevention, grace and human welfare – all stemming of unconditional love. Nussbaum’s Anger and Forgiveness offers an alternative view on concepts such as anger, retribution, forgiveness and love, concepts which are important within the context of criminal law and restorative justice. The author argues that, although the reader can certainly learn from Nussbaum’s ideas as explained in Anger and Forgiveness, the radicality of her ideas inevitably causes criticism; Nussbaum holds a very idealistic perspective that neglects the human condition. Instead of ruling out anger and retribution, the author advocates a criminal law system that is capable of canalizing anger and transforming vindictive anger into transitional anger. Furthermore, he pleads for a criminal law system that makes forgiveness possible without forcing victims to forgive. For that reason restorative justice practices need to be incorporated into the criminal law system. In sum, to a certain extent Nussbaum and Claessen share the same moral ideals, but they disagree on the path leading tot those ideals. Where Nussbaum opts for a top-down approach, Claessen opts for a bottom-up approach which respects the human condition.
The Psychology of Attention
Authors: Pashler Harold 
Published: January 2019

In the past two decades, attention has been one of the most investigated areas of research in perception and cognition. However, the literature on the field contains a bewildering array of findings, and empirical progress has not been matched by consensus on major theoretical issues. The Psychology of Attention presents a systematic review of the main lines of research on attention; the topics range from perception of threshold stimuli to memory storage and decision making. The book develops empirical generalizations about the major issues and suggests possible underlying theoretical principles.
Pashler argues that widely assumed notions of processing resources and automaticity are of limited value in understanding human information processing. He proposes a central bottleneck for decision making and memory retrieval, and describes evidence that distinguishes this limitation from perceptual limitations and limited-capacity short-term memory.
Bradford Books imprint
Representation and Recognition in Vision
Authors: Edelman Shimon 
Published: January 2019

Shimon Edelman bases a comprehensive approach to visual representation on the notion of correspondence between proximal (internal) and distal similarities in objects.
Researchers have long sought to understand what the brain does when we see an object, what two people have in common when they see the same object, and what a "seeing" machine would need to have in common with a human visual system. Recent neurobiological and computational advances in the study of vision have now brought us close to answering these and other questions about representation.
In Representation and Recognition in Vision, Shimon Edelman bases a comprehensive approach to visual representation on the notion of correspondence between proximal (internal) and distal similarities in objects. This leads to a computationally feasible and formally veridical representation of distal objects that addresses the needs of shape categorization and can be used to derive models of perceived similarity.
Edelman first discusses the representational needs of various visual recognition tasks, and surveys current theories of representation in this context. He then develops a theory of representation that is related to Shepard's notion of second-order isomorphism between representations and their targets. Edelman goes beyond Shepard by specifying the conditions under which the representations can be made formally veridical. Edelman assesses his theory's performance in identification and categorization of 3D shapes and examines it in light of psychological and neurobiological data concerning the object-processing stream in primate vision. He also discusses the connections between his theory and other efforts to understand representation in the brain.
Bradford Books imprint
First-Year Experience Implementing an Adaptive Learning Platform for First- and Second-Year Medical Students at the Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine
Authors: Hudder Alice , Tackett Sean , Moscatello Kim 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Context
The Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine (LECOM) is a large, diverse medical school spread across 3 campuses, which makes it challenging to deliver comparable learning experiences to all students. Osmosis is a Web and mobile application that can integrate with a variety of existing curricula and, through its content creation and sharing features, can foster student cohesion in an online environment.

Objective
To analyze the first year of use for the Osmosis platform among LECOM students at each campus and to identify barriers to this use.

Methods
Medical education at LECOM is delivered across 3 campus locations using 3 main pathways: the lecture-discussion, problem-based learning, and directed-study pathways. Beginning in the 2016-2017 academic year, all LECOM first-year medical students could use the Osmosis platform free of charge; second-year students were informed about the platform but were required to pay for a subscription. For all students, engagement metrics were tracked within the platform, and periodic student surveys and informal student feedback supplemented these metrics.

Results
Of 1135 LECOM students, 567 (50%) signed up for an account, including 416 (73%) of 573 first-year and 151 (27%) of 562 second-year students. In aggregate, students created 17,901 items and answered 123,050 practice questions and flashcards. Student use of the platform varied considerably, with the highest use at the Erie campus, where the platform was championed by faculty, and among a portion of second-year students preparing for board examinations. Some students were “superusers”; 2 students completed more than 20,000 items, and 5 created more than 1000 items each. The greatest barriers to use of the platform were preferences for previous study methods and lack of time to learn new study habits.

Conclusion
Although the use of the platform across LECOM campuses was uneven, it was greatest when there was overt support by faculty and when students were already motivated to use the platform. The lessons learned during the first year of the program will be used to improve use of the platform. The authors offer their insights into this new technology.
Influence of substrate types and morphological traits on movement behavior in a toad and newt species
Authors: Trochet Audrey , Le Chevalier Hugo , Calvez Olivier , Ribéron Alexandre , Bertrand Romain , Blanchet Simon 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundInter-patch movements may lead to genetic mixing, decreasing both inbreeding and population extinction risks, and is hence a crucial aspect of amphibian meta-population dynamics. Traveling through heterogeneous landscapes might be particularly risky for amphibians. Understanding how these species perceive their environment and how they move in heterogeneous habitats is an essential step in explaining metapopulation dynamics and can be important for predicting species’ responses to climate change and for conservation policy and management.MethodsUsing an experimental approach, the present study focused on the movement behavior (crossing speed and number of stops) on different substrates mimicking landscape components (human-made and natural substrates) in two amphibian species contrasting in locomotion mode: the common toad (Bufo bufo), a hopping and burrowing anuran and the marbled newt (Triturus marmoratus), a walking salamander. We tested the hypothesis that species reaction to substrate is dependent on specific ecological requirements or locomotion modes because of morphological and behavioral differences.ResultsIn both species, substrate type influenced individual crossing speed, with individuals moving faster on soil than on concrete substrate. We also demonstrated that long-legged individuals moved faster than individuals with short legs. In both species, the number of stops was higher in females than in males. In common toads, the number of stops did not vary between substrates tested, whereas in marbled newts the number of stops was higher on concrete than on soil substrate.DiscussionWe highlighted that concrete substrate (mimicking roads) negatively affect the crossing speed of both studied species, with an effect potentially higher in marbled newts. Our findings corroborate negative effects of such heterogeneous landscapes on movement behavior of two amphibian species, which may have implications for the dynamics of metapopulations.
Whole-genome comparisons of Penicillium spp. reveals secondary metabolic gene clusters and candidate genes associated with fungal aggressiveness during apple fruit decay
Authors: Wu Guangxi , Jurick II Wayne M. , Lichtner Franz J. , Peng Hui , Yin Guohua , Gaskins Verneta L. , Yin Yanbin , Hua Sui-Sheng , Peter Kari A. , Bennett Joan W. 
Published: January 2019

Blue mold is a postharvest rot of pomaceous fruits caused by Penicillium expansum and a number of other Penicillium species. The genome of the highly aggressive P. expansum strain R19 was re-sequenced and analyzed together with the genome of the less aggressive P. solitum strain RS1. Whole genome scale similarities and differences were examined. A phylogenetic analysis of P. expansum, P. solitum, and several closely related Penicillium species revealed that the two pathogens isolated from decayed apple with blue mold symptoms are not each other’s closest relatives. Among a total of 10,560 and 10,672 protein coding sequences respectively, a comparative genomics analysis revealed 41 genes in P. expansum R19 and 43 genes in P. solitum RS1 that are unique to these two species. These genes may be associated with pome fruit–fungal interactions, subsequent decay processes, and mycotoxin accumulation. An intact patulin gene cluster consisting of 15 biosynthetic genes was identified in the patulin producing P. expansum strain R19, while only a remnant, seven-gene cluster was identified in the patulin-deficient P. solitum strain. However, P. solitum contained a large number of additional secondary metabolite gene clusters, indicating that this species has the potential capacity to produce an array of known as well as not-yet-identified products of possible toxicological or biotechnological interest.
POR UM ENSINO INTERCULTURAL DE INGLÊS COMO LÍNGUA FRANCA (For an intercultural teaching of English as a lingua franca)
Authors: Siqueira Sávio , Barros Kelly Santos 
Published: January 2019

A expansão planetária da língua inglesa é, ao mesmo tempo, causa e consequência do atual fenômeno de globalização. Amealhando cada vez mais usuários mundo afora, já é plausível se afirmar que a maioria das interações que atualmente ocorrem em língua inglesa se dão entre falantes não-nativos, exatamente na função de língua franca. Tal constatação suscita mudanças significativas, principalmente para o Ensino de Língua Inglesa (ELI) que, calcado em tradições fortemente arraigadas, oriundas de países hegemônicos, ainda se orienta por concepções e premissas voltadas, por exemplo, para a emulação do modelo do falante nativo e para uma prática de sala de aula que raramente privilegia o diálogo entre culturas. Tomando como base o paradigma de inglês como língua franca (ILF), este artigo, além de explorar o conceito e suas principais acepções, elege a interculturadidade como elemento central na pedagogia contemporânea de língua inglesa, chamando a atenção, entre vários aspectos, para a necessidade de se empoderar o professor não-nativo que, nesse novo contexto, emerge como modelo de sucesso para seu aprendiz e, ao assumir a sua condição de mediador intercultural, se habilita com muito mais propriedade para responder às reais necessidades dos futuros falantes globais de inglês.
The art (and science) of seduction: Why, when, and for whom seductive details matter
Authors: Alexander Patricia A. 
Published: January 2019

SummaryIn this commentary, the two critical attributes of seductive details are described through a historical lens: relevance and interest. For each of these attributes, various forms that have populated the seductive detail literature are distinguished, and the specific manner in which each is interpreted by contributors to the Special Issue is considered. The forms of relevance overviewed are personal, structural, instructional, and task relevance. For interest, distinctions between individual and situational interest are noted, and the concept of interestingness is delineated. With this historical backdrop, the studies in this Special Issue are analyzed, and four provocative questions are posed: When are “seductive details” not seductive? What contextual factors contribute to seduction? For whom is seduction a problem? When is the solution worse than the problem?