bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Albumin In Situ Hybridization Can Be Positive in Adenocarcinomas and Other Tumors From Diverse Sites
Authors: Nasir Aqsa , Lehrke Heidi D , Mounajjed Taofic , Said Samar , Zhang Lizhi , Yasir Saba , Shah Sejal S , Chandan Vishal S , Smyrk Thomas C , Moreira Roger K , Boland Froemming Jennifer M , Herrera Hernandez Loren P , Wu Tsung-Teh , Graham Rondell P 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT

Objectives
Albumin messenger RNA (mRNA) expression is a marker of hepatocellular differentiation. Most published data are from review of tissue microarrays, and albumin in situ hybridization (ISH) expression across several tumor types is incompletely characterized.

Methods
Sections from 221 tumors were evaluated for albumin mRNA. Immunohistochemistry was used to confirm diagnoses. Albumin ISH was performed according to manufacturer-provided instructions. Fifty-nine cases were evaluated with both commercial ISH assays.

Results
Albumin mRNA was detected in all hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) and 81% of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas. Lung (20%), gallbladder (39%), hepatoid pancreatic (n = 1 of 1) adenocarcinoma, breast invasive ductal carcinoma (18%), yolk sac tumor (25%), and acinar cell carcinoma (29%) showed expression. Both assays were concordant in 93% of cases.

Conclusions
Albumin ISH was expressed in all HCCs studied. It was also positive in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and patchy positive in gallbladder adenocarcinoma and a subset of other neoplasms, which can be a potential pitfall.
Clannishness: Jewett, Zitkala-Ša, and the Secularization of Kinship
Authors: Bentley Nancy 
Published: March 2019

AbstractScholarly critiques of the racial and imperial dimensions of domesticity have overlooked a deeper biopolitics of kinship that is tied to the secularization process. For late nineteenth-century reformers, “clannishness” names a sociological problem common to recalcitrant populations, from “uncivilized” Indians to “degenerate” Yankees and “mountain whites of the South.” But writers like Sarah Orne Jewett and Zitkala-Ša use literary resources to evade what Talal Asad calls the “grammar” of subjectivity in secular discourses. Their experiments with first-person voice uncover a transpersonal understanding of kinship that is illegible in domestic and reformist discourse.
Comparison of 1-week and 2-week recall periods for caregiver-reported diarrhoeal illness in children, using nationally representative household surveys
Authors: Overbey Katie N , Schwab Kellogg J , Exum Natalie G 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Background
Diarrhoeal outcomes in children are often ascertained using caregiver-reported symptoms, which are subject to a variety of biases and methodological challenges. One source of bias is the time window used for reporting diarrhoeal illness and the ability of caregivers to accurately recall episodes in children.

Methods
Diarrhoea period prevalence in children under five was determined using two similarly administered, nationally representative household surveys: Performance Monitoring and Accountability 2020 (PMA2020) (1-week recall, N = 14 603) and Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) (2-week recall, N = 66 717). Countries included in the analysis were the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya and Uganda. Diarrhoea period prevalence estimates were compared and water, sanitation and hygiene risk factors were analysed.

Results
Childhood diarrhoea prevalence using 1-week recall (PMA2020) pooled across countries was 21.4% [95% confidence interval (CI): 19.9%, 22.9%] versus 16.0% using 2-week recall (DHS) (95% CI: 15.4%, 16.5%). In stratified analyses for all five countries, the number of diarrhoea cases detected was consistently higher using 1-week recall versus 2-week recall. The key risk factors identified in the PMA2020 data that were not associated with diarrhoeal episodes or were attenuated in the DHS data included: the main sanitation classifications for households, disposal method used for child faeces, number of household members and wealth quintiles.

Conclusions
For nationally representative household surveys assessing childhood diarrhoea period prevalence, a 2-week recall period may underestimate diarrhoea prevalence compared with a 1-week period. The household sanitation facility and practices remain key risk factors for diarrhoeal disease in children under five.
The Delta Square Conjecture
Authors: D’Adderio Michele , Iraci Alessandro , Vanden Wyngaerd Anna 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe conjecture a formula for the symmetric function $\frac{[n-k]_t}{[n]_t}\Delta _{h_m}\Delta _{e_{n-k}}\omega (p_n)$ in terms of decorated partially labelled square paths. This can be seen as a generalization of the square conjecture of Loehr and Warrington [23], recently proved by Sergel [28] after the breakthrough of Carlsson and Mellit [4]. Moreover, it extends to the square case the combinatorics of the generalized Delta conjecture of Haglund, Remmel, and Wilson [17], answering one of their questions. We support our conjecture by proving the specialization $m=q=0$, reducing it to the same case of the Delta conjecture, and the Schröder case, that is, the case $\langle \cdot ,e_{n-d}h_d\rangle $. The latter provides a broad generalization of the $q,t$-square theorem of Can and Loehr [3]. We give also a combinatorial involution, which allows to establish a linear relation among our conjectures (as well as the generalized Delta conjectures) with fixed $m$ and $n$. Finally, in the appendix, we give a new proof of the Delta conjecture at $q=0$.
Citron kinase interacts with LATS2 and inhibits its activity by occluding its hydrophobic phosphorylation motif
Authors: Tran Thi Hai Yen , Yang Dae-Wook , Kim Minchul , Lee Da-Hye , Gai Marta , Di Cunto Ferdinando , Choi Kwang-Wook , Lim Dae-Sik 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The inhibitory effect of large tumor suppressor kinase (LATS1/2) on the activity of the oncoprotein yes-associated protein (YAP) is crucial to maintain tissue homeostasis. Proteomic studies have identified several new regulators of this process. Recently, citron kinase (CIT) was listed as a potential binding candidate of Hippo-related components, suggesting a new connection between CIT and the Hippo pathway. Aside from CIT’s role in cytokinesis, the molecular crosstalk between CIT and the Hippo pathway is largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate a role for CIT as a scaffold protein linking LATS2 and YAP. More importantly, CIT interacts with LATS2 to directly suppress LATS2 phosphorylation at the hydrophobic motif—targeted by MST1, leading to LATS2 inactivation and YAP activation. By studying their genetic interactions, we found that Sticky, the CIT homolog in Drosophila melanogaster, functions with Warts to control Drosophila eye development. Together, our study confirms citron kinase as a novel regulator of the Hippo pathway.
First cosmology results using Type IA supernovae from the dark energy survey: effects of chromatic corrections to supernova photometry on measurements of cosmological parameters
Authors: Lasker J , Kessler R , Scolnic D , Brout D , Burke D L , D’Andrea C B , Davis T M , Hinton S R , Kim A G , Li T S , Lidman C , Macaulay E , Möller A , Rykoff E S , Sako M , Smith M , Sullivan M , Swann E , Tucker B E , Wester W , Bassett B A , Abbott T M C , Allam S , Annis J , Avila S , Bechtol K , Bertin E , Brooks D , Carnero Rosell A , Carrasco Kind M , Carretero J , Castander F J , Calcino J , Carollo D , da Costa L N , Davis C , De Vicente J , Diehl H T , Doel P , Drlica-Wagner A , Flaugher B , Frieman J , García-Bellido J , Gaztanaga E , Gruen D , Gruendl R A , Gschwend J , Gutierrez G , Hollowood D L , Honscheid K , Hoormann J K , James D J , Kent S , Krause E , Kron R , Kuehn K , Kuropatkin N , Lima M , Maia M A G , Marshall J L , Martini P , Menanteau F , Miller C J , Miquel R , Plazas A A , Sanchez E , Scarpine V , Sevilla-Noarbe I , Smith R C , Soares-Santos M , Sobreira F , Suchyta E , Swanson M E C , Tarle G , Tucker D L , Walker A R ,   (DES Collaboration)
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Calibration uncertainties have been the leading systematic uncertainty in recent analyses using Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) to measure cosmological parameters. To improve the calibration, we present the application of spectral energy distribution-dependent ‘chromatic corrections’ to the SN light-curve photometry from the Dark Energy Survey (DES). These corrections depend on the combined atmospheric and instrumental transmission function for each exposure, and they affect photometry at the 0.01 mag (1 per cent) level, comparable to systematic uncertainties in calibration and photometry. Fitting our combined DES and low-z SN Ia sample with baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) and cosmic microwave background (CMB) priors for the cosmological parameters Ωm (the fraction of the critical density of the universe comprised of matter) and w (the dark energy equation of state parameter), we compare those parameters before and after applying the corrections. We find the change in w and Ωm due to not including chromatic corrections is −0.002 and 0.000, respectively, for the DES-SN3YR sample with BAO and CMB priors, consistent with a larger DES-SN3YR-like simulation, which has a w-change of 0.0005 with an uncertainty of 0.008 and an Ωm change of 0.000 with an uncertainty of 0.002. However, when considering samples on individual CCDs we find large redshift-dependent biases (∼0.02 in distance modulus) for SN distances.
Substructured Population Growth in the Ashkenazi Jews Inferred with Approximate Bayesian Computation
Authors: Gladstein Ariella L , Hammer Michael F 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe Ashkenazi Jews (AJ) are a population isolate sharing ancestry with both European and Middle Eastern populations that has likely resided in Central Europe since at least the tenth century. Between the 11th and 16th centuries, the AJ population expanded eastward leading to two culturally distinct communities in Western/Central and Eastern Europe. Our aim was to determine whether the western and eastern groups are genetically distinct, and if so, what demographic processes contributed to population differentiation. We used Approximate Bayesian Computation to choose among models of AJ history and to infer demographic parameter values, including divergence times, effective population sizes, and levels of gene flow. For the ABC analysis, we used allele frequency spectrum and identical by descent-based statistics to capture information on a wide timescale. We also mitigated the effects of ascertainment bias when performing ABC on SNP array data by jointly modeling and inferring SNP discovery. We found that the most likely model was population differentiation between Eastern and Western AJ ∼400 years ago. The differentiation between the Eastern and Western AJ could be attributed to more extreme population growth in the Eastern AJ (0.250 per generation) than the Western AJ (0.069 per generation).
Somatostatin in renal physiology and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
Authors: Messchendorp A Lianne , Casteleijn Niek F , Meijer Esther , Gansevoort Ron T 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is characterized by progressive cyst formation, leading to growth in kidney volume and renal function decline. Although therapies have emerged, there is still an important unmet need for slowing the rate of disease progression in ADPKD. High intracellular levels of adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) are involved in cell proliferation and fluid secretion, resulting in cyst formation. Somatostatin (SST), a hormone that is involved in many cell processes, has the ability to inhibit intracellular cAMP production. However, SST itself has limited therapeutic potential since it is rapidly eliminated in vivo. Therefore analogues have been synthesized, which have a longer half-life and may be promising agents in the treatment of ADPKD. This review provides an overview of the complex physiological effects of SST, in particular renal, and the potential therapeutic role of SST analogues in ADPKD.
The Impact of Surgical Amputation and Valproic Acid on Pain and Functional Trajectory: Results from the Veterans Integrated Pain Evaluation Research (VIPER) Randomized, Double-Blinded Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Buchheit Thomas , Hsia Hung-Lun John , Cooter Mary , Shortell Cynthia , Kent Michael , McDuffie Mary , Shaw Andrew , Buckenmaier Chester “Trip” , Van de Ven Thomas 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Objective
To determine if the perioperative administration of valproic acid reduces the incidence of chronic pain three months after amputation or revision surgery.

Design
Multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Setting
Academic, military, and veteran medical centers.

Subjects
One hundred twenty-eight patients undergoing amputation or amputation revision surgery at Duke University Hospital, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, or the Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center for either medical disease or trauma.

Methods
Patients were randomized to placebo or valproic acid for the duration of hospitalization and treated with multimodal analgesic care, including regional anesthetic blockade. Primary outcome was the proportion of patients with chronic pain at three months (average numeric pain score intensity of 3/10 or greater). Secondary outcomes included functional trajectories (assessed with the Brief Pain Inventory short form and the Defense and Veterans Pain Rating Scale).

Results
The overall rate of chronic pain was 68.2% in the 107 patients who completed the end point assessment. There was no significant effect of perioperative valproic acid administration, with a rate of 65.45% (N = 36) in the treatment group and a rate of 71.15% (N = 37) in the placebo group. Overall, pain scores decreased from baseline to follow-up (median = –2 on the numeric pain scale). Patients additionally experienced improvements in self-perceived function.

Conclusions
The rate of chronic pain after amputation surgery is not significantly improved with the perioperative administration of valproic acid. In this cohort treated with multimodal perioperative analgesia and regional anesthetic blockade, we observed improvements in both pain severity and function.
Diffusionless (chemically partitionless) crystallization and subsequent decomposition of supersaturated solid solutions in Sn–Bi eutectic alloy
Authors: Gusakova Olga V. , Galenko Peter K. , Shepelevich Vasiliy G. , Alexandrov Dmitri V. , Rettenmayr Markus 
Published: March 2019

Results of a study on microstructural evolution of eutectic Sn-57 wt.% Bi processed with cooling rates of 10−2, 1 K s−1and approximately 105 K s−1are presented. In order to distinguish different mechanisms of microstructure formation, a comparison with microstructures of different hypoeutectic alloys with compositions down to below the maximum solubility of Bi in Sn–Bi is undertaken. It is found that at the cooling rates of 10−2and 1 K s−1, coupled eutectic growth occurs, leading to lamellar structures with different length scales. At the rapid quenching rates of approximately 105 K s−1, structure formation in the eutectic alloy is qualitatively different. Partitionless solidification resulting in a supersaturated solid solution with the initial composition is observed in both eutectic and hypoeutectic alloys. It is shown that the observed microstructure of the rapidly solidified alloys forms by the decomposition of the supersaturated solid solution.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Heterogeneous materials: metastable and non-ergodic internal structures’.
On anisotropic mechanical properties of heterogeneous magnetic polymeric composites
Authors: Borin Dmitry , Stepanov Gennady , Dohmen Eike 
Published: March 2019

This study is devoted to the magneto-mechanical characterization of heterogeneous magnetoactive elastomers based on an elastic polydimethylsiloxane matrix with embedded spherical magnetic soft microparticles and magnetic hard microparticles of irregular shape. An issue of the anisotropic mechanical properties of these smart composites is considered. Non-magnetized and pre-magnetized specimens are characterized using a planar shear and axial loading in an externally applied homogeneous magnetic field. The field direction differs relative to the direction of the field used for the specimens pre-magnetization. Results of the different methods allow comparison of the tensile shear moduli for the samples with an initially identical composition. Obtained results demonstrate a strong correlation between the composite behaviour and orientation of the magnetic field used for the pre-magnetization of the sample relative to the external field applied to a sample during the test. Composites pre-magnetized in the direction parallel to an applied mechanical force and external magnetic field show higher magnetorheological response than composites pre-magnetized transversally to the force and the field. Application of the external field directed opposite to the direction of the pre-magnetization reduces the observed stiffening. Moreover, in this situation a softening of the material can be observed, depending on the magnitude of the external field and the field used for pre-magnetization.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Heterogeneous materials: metastable and non-ergodic internal structures’.
Phase transformations in metastable liquids combined with polymerization
Authors: Ivanov Alexander A. , Alexandrova Irina V. , Alexandrov Dmitri V. 
Published: March 2019

This paper is concerned with the theory of nucleation and growth of crystals in a metastable polymer melt with allowance for the polymerization of a monomer. A mathematical model consisting of the heat balance equation, equations governing the particle-radius distribution function and the polymerization degree is formulated. The exact steady-state analytical solutions are found. In the case of unsteady-state crystallization with polymerization, the particle-size distribution function is determined analytically for different space–time regions by means of the Laplace transform. Two functional integro-differential equations governing the dimensionless temperature and polymerization degree are deduced. These equations are solved by means of the saddle-point technique for the evaluation of a Laplace-type integral. The time-dependent distribution function, temperature and polymerization degree at different polymerization rates and nucleation kinetics are derived with allowance for the main contribution to the Laplace-type integral. In addition, the general analytical solution by means of the saddle-point technique and an example showing how to construct the analytical solutions in particular cases are given in the appendices. The analytical method developed in the present paper can be used to describe the similar phase transition phenomena in the presence of chemical reactions.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Heterogeneous materials: metastable and non-ergodic internal structures’.
Effect of interparticle interaction on magnetic hyperthermia: homogeneous spatial distribution of the particles
Authors: Abu-Bakr Ali Fathi , Zubarev Andrey 
Published: March 2019

The paper deals with the theoretical study of the effect of magnetic interparticle interaction on magnetic hyperthermia, produced by the particles under the action of a linearly polarized oscillating field. The particles are homogeneously distributed and immobilized in a rigid medium. The supposed size of the magnetite particles is about 20–30 nm. For these particles, the characteristic time of the Neel remagnetization is much longer than the time of observation. This is why we concluded that the dissipation occurs as a result of the particle magnetic moment oscillation in the pit of energy of magnetic anisotropy.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Heterogeneous materials: metastable and non-ergodic internal structures’.
Anisotropic magnetic hydrogels: design, structure and mechanical properties
Authors: Gila-Vilchez Cristina , Mañas-Torres Mari C. , Contreras-Montoya Rafael , Alaminos Miguel , Duran Juan D. G. , de Cienfuegos Luis Álvarez , Lopez-Lopez Modesto T. 
Published: March 2019

Anisotropy is an intrinsic feature of most of the human tissues (e.g. muscle, skin or cartilage). Because of this, there has been an intense effort in the search of methods for the induction of permanent anisotropy in hydrogels intended for biomedical applications. The dispersion of magnetic particles or beads in the hydrogel precursor solution prior to cross-linking, in combination with applied magnetic fields, which gives rise to columnar structures, is one of the most recently proposed approaches for this goal. We have gone even further and, in this paper, we show that it is possible to use magnetic particles as actuators for the alignment of the polymer chains in order to obtain anisotropic hydrogels. Furthermore, we characterize the microstructural arrangement and mechanical properties of the resulting hydrogels.This article is part of a theme issue ‘Heterogeneous materials: metastable and non-ergodic internal structures’.
A framework for predicting soft-fruit yields and phenology using embedded, networked microsensors, coupled weather models and machine-learning techniques
Authors: Lee Mark A. , Monteiro Angelo , Barclay Andrew , Marcar Jon , Miteva-Neagu Mirena , Parker Joe 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPredicting harvest timing is a key challenge to sustainably develop soft fruit farming and reduce food waste. Soft fruits are perishable, high-value and seasonal, and sales prices are typically time-sensitive. In addition, fruit harvesting is labour-intensive and increasingly expensive making accurate phenological predictions valuable for growers. A novel approach for predicting soft fruit phenology and yields was developed and tested, using strawberries as the model crop. Seedlings were planted in polytunnels, and environmental and yield data were collected throughout the growing season. Over 1.2 million datapoints were collected by networked microsensors which measured spatial and temporal variability in air temperature, relative humidity (RH), soil moisture and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). Fleeces were added to a subset of the plants to generate additional within-polytunnel variation. Cumulative fruit yields followed logistic growth curves and the coefficients of these curves were dependent on micro-climatic growing conditions. After 10,000 iterations, machine learning revealed that RH was the optimal factor informing the coefficients of these curves, perhaps because it is an integrative metric of air temperature and water status. Trigonometric models transformed weather forecasts, which showed a relatively low agreement with polytunnel air temperature (R2 = 0.6) and RH (R2 = 0.5) measurements, into more accurate polytunnel-specific predictions for temperature and RH (both R2 = 0.8). We present a framework for using machine-learning techniques to calculate curve coefficients and parametrise coupled weather models which can predict fruit yields and timing to a greater degree of accuracy that previously possible. Dataloggers measuring environmental and yield data could infer model parameters using iterative training for novel fruit varieties or crop types growing in different locations without a-priori phenological information. At this stage in the development of artificial intelligence and networked microsensors, this is a step forward in generating bespoke phenological prediction models to inform and support growers.