bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mixing of Biomass and Coal in a Static Mixer as an Example of Technological Solutions Involving Implementation of Renewable Energy Sources
Authors: Królczyk Jolanta B. , Rezwiakow Andrzej , Tukiendorf Marek 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The purpose of this article is to demonstrate possibilities of mixing coal with biomass using static mixers. The paper present simple and inexpensive methods for producing fuel mixes for heat-generating plants equipped with stoker-fired boilers of power ranging from 3 up to 50 MW. Static mixer proposed in this article may constitute an alternative for currently used solutions in production facility. Based on statistical analysis, the article demonstrates that five mixing elements of the mixer is optimal number to ensure best biomass (chips and pellets) concentration distribution in a mixture with fine hard coal.
Commercial Diplomacy In Serbia: Characteristics And Areas For Improvement
Authors: Penev Slavica , Udovič Boštjan , Đukić Mihajlo 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The paper analyses the challenges of modern commercial diplomacy (CD), which became more relevant than it was in the pre crisis period. In this context, the authors analyzed the chronology of implementation of CD in Serbia, scope and efficiency of its activities, and the areas for improvement. Some of their findings, related to the efficiency and challenges in CDs activities, are based on the questionnaire conducted among 25 Serbian CDs. The paper concludes that in order to increase the efficiency of commercial diplomacy, coordination of the activities of the responsible institutions should be improved, to avoid overlapping in their work and to rationalize use of limited resources. However, the authors emphasised that the space for contribution of commercial diplomacy to the increase of export and FDI is insufficient, due to limited export potential and poor investment climate in Serbia. The authors conclude that in order to increase the efficiency of commercial diplomacy in export promotion area, it is important to implement the necessary reforms, which will result in the restructuring of Serbian economy, make it more competitive and export oriented. To increase the inflow of FDI to Serbia, it is necessary to create a business friendly investment climate.
Accouting and marketing dimensions of innovations
Authors: Dyhdalewicz Anna , Widelska Urszula 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Innovations are an important, although imprecise conceptual category. They are perceived differently depending on the accepted scientific perspective. The article verifies the concept of innovation in terms of marketing and accounting. The main aim of the paper is to identify problems and formulate preliminary research hypotheses connected to the integration of the accounting and marketing functions of an enterprise within the context of the assessment of innovative activities conducted by the entity. Additionally, it is the authors’ intention to draw attention to similarities and differences that occur between the regulations of the national accounting law and the approach of marketing within this domain. For the purposes of the research it has been hypothesized that the integration of the accounting and marketing functions of en enterprise concerning innovation is limited because of different perceptions of sources and results of innovation within these two fields. Assessments of the innovativeness of the same enterprise from the perspective of marketing and from the perspective of accounting are different. This aim has been realized through the use of scientific description based on the analysis of literature concerned mainly with marketing innovation. The perspective of accounting innovation was also analyzed through a literature study and using a comparison study of chosen accounting regulations contained in the Polish Accounting Act and the International Accounting Standard 38 „Intangible Assets”. In conclusion it should be stated that accounting has not defined the concept of „innovation” nor, for the purposes of financial reporting, has not isolated innovation as an asset. In accounting, assets associated with the concept of innovation include intangible assets and tangible resources in fixed assets. Considering the presented approaches to innovation a distinct relationship on the type of incurred expenditures can be noticed: whether the expenses had been incurred for internally generated assets or for their acquisition. Only acquired resources and costs of completed development and development work in progress are a common part for these concepts. The presented initial stage of research also confirmed that from the perspective of accounting and marketing the assessment of the innovation level of an enterprise is not identical. It is assumed that the integration of the accounting and marketing functions within a company may have a positive effect on the process of information management.
Influence of resting and pine sawdust application on chemical changes in post-agricultural soil and the ectomycorrhizal community of growing Scots pine saplings
Authors: Małecka Monika , Hilszczańska Dorota 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Changes in chemical compounds and in ectomycorrhizal structure were determined for Scots pine growing on post agricultural soil lying fallow for 3, 6 and 15 years, after amendment with pine sawdust. Soil without any amendments was used as the control treatment. Comparing the ectomycorrhizal structure 15 years after the application of pine sawdust revealed no significant differences in abundance or species richness between soil with and without organic enrichment. The results showed that the ectomycorrhizal status depends on soil conditions (soil pH, nitrogen content), which remain unaffected by saw dust application. In all treatments, the most frequently occurring ectomycorrhizae genera were Dermocybe, Hebeloma, Suillus, Tomentella and Tricholoma. Two species (Paxillus involutus, Amanita muscaria) were specific to the control plots that lay fallow for 15 years.
Variability of morphological features, bud burst and flowering of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) in the seed orchard of the Bielsk Forest District
Authors: Mioduszewski Sławomir , Rzońca Marek 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The main aim of this paper was to characterize Norway spruce clones in terms of bud burst, flowering and morphological features. Observation and measurements were carried out in the Norway spruce seed orchard of the Bielsk Forest District in the north-eastern part of Poland. The seed orchard was established in 1989 and consists of 428 grafts of over 37 trees from the Białowieża Primeval Forest. An assessment of bud burst, stem forking, stem form, crown width, branch thickness, vitality, flowering and fructification as well as diameter measurements was done in 2013 and 2014. The results showed variability of morphological features among different clones as well as within individual clones. Differences among clones in spring bud development, stem form and branch thickness were statistically significant. Additionally, a positive correlation between male and female flowering was observed. The research also confirmed an influence of the healthiness of the grafts on seed production with trees in a weakened state producing more seeds.
Development of the foreign direct investments in the transitive economies: Example of Central-European Countries (CEC)
Authors: Hlaváček Petr 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The paper focuses on the foreign direct investments (FDI) in the Central Europe and on the development changes among the individual countries. The paper follows from the work (Gauselmann et al. 2011) dealing with the development of the transient economies with focus on the role of the FDI. The objective of the paper is identification of the impact of the FDI on the economic growth and economic performance during the post-transformation era where differences among the countries at the beginning of the monitored period in 2000 and at the end of 2011 are evaluated based on data of United Nations Conference for Trade and Development. The development of FDI following 2000 was positively influenced by new system of the investment incentives for the foreign investors, accession of the countries to the European Union, it increased their credibility for foreign investors. High inflow of foreign direct investment ended with beginning of the economic crisis in 2008. Current trend in FDI is below its level before the economic crisis, and their amount increase only by few percent per year.
Investigation of copper and gold prospects using index overlay integration method and multifractal modeling in Saveh 1:100,000 sheet, Central Iran
Authors: Rezaei Somayeh , Lotfi Mohammad , Afzal Peyman , Jafari Mohammad Reza , Meigoony Mojtaba Shamseddin , Khalajmasoumi Masoumeh 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This study aims at prospecting copper and gold promising areas in Saveh 1:100,000 sheet, situated in Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic belt (Central Iran). Geographic information system (GIS) is effective in recognition of probable mineral resources by collecting, processing, exploration layer weighting and integrating thematic maps. As there is no certainty in different geological phenomena, modeling and integrating information layers are used to obtain suitable results for determining potential areas. In this study, index overlay method, which is a combination of software processing and expertise knowledge, was used. The survey layers consist of the lithologic units, geophysical data, mineralization, faults and structures and alteration. For more exact survey, concentration-area (C-A) fractal modeling was applied to the map of results obtained from integration. Applying fractal model to this map, the results of the original map were prioritized and became more limited. In the end for assessing the validity of determined promising areas, the results were compared with geochemical anomaly maps of stream sediments and also field observation was performed. Areas with high exploration priority with limited extend exist in center, west and some parts of NW, conformed to granodiorite intrusives and also next priority exists in center, west, NE and NW conformed to granite, diorite, and also subvolcanic rocks respectively. These prioroties are related to fault systems. In order to perform X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Inductively Coupled Plasma – Mass Sepctrometry (ICP-MS) analyses and microscopic studies, lithogeochemical samplings were done. All investigations indicate the possibility of pyrite, chalcopyrite and galena epithermal mineralizations resulted from post magmatic fluids, and also secondary products like hematite, goethite, and malachite as a result of oxidation processes in these areas.
CO2 Utilization For Mechanochemical Carbonation Of Celestine
Authors: Turianicova Erika 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Natural celestine (SrSO4) has been succesfully transformed into strontianite (SrCO3) via fast one-step mechanochemical carbonation utilizing gaseous CO2. The process was realized in the environment enriched with LiOH or NaOH additives. The mixtures were milled in a high-energy planetary ball mill for 40 min. The phases formed during the milling were characterized by different characterization techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD) and infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The presence or absence of carbon or sulphur in the products was confirmed by a CHNS analysis.
Influence of Intercept Valves on Control of Multiple Stages Steam Turbines During the Switching into the Island Operation
Authors: Laštovka Ladislav , Hejtmánková Pavla 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This paper presents control of a multiple stages steam turbine which is switched into the island operation. The frequency in an electrical grid is stated on nominal value which is in UCTE grid 50 Hz. When deviation of frequency is higher then 0.2 Hz, the switching of particular steam units into the island operation is only the chance how to maintain the supply of, at least, some small grids. The other possibility how to keep power units in operation, to be prepared for the next synchronization to the grid, is to switch them to operation status in which they supply only their self-consumption. This change of the operating state is the most dynamic load change for the control system of the unit. The multiple stages turbines are equipped with high pressure hydraulic valves for steam turbine governing. Influence of the intercept valve on steam turbine control during the switching process into the island operation is examined in Matlab Simuling software.
Predictors of Gaming Behavior among Military Peacekeepers – Exploring the Role of Boredom and Loneliness in Relation to Gaming Problems
Authors: Myrseth Helga , Kjellevold Olsen Olav , Kristian Borud Einar , Åge Strand Leif 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The aim of the current study was to explore gaming problems in post-deployment veterans and to investigate whether boredom and loneliness can predict levels of gaming problems. The general well-being of veterans post their deployments to war zones is linked to an array of negative health consequences, and veterans may be at risk for developing gaming problems after homecomings. Problems that may be related to engagement in gaming include coping with negative emotions, such as boredom and loneliness, which are often faced by homecoming veterans as well. The sample in this study comprised Afghanistan veterans (N = 246), with a mean age of 37.5 years (standard deviation = 9.6 years), and 8.8% of the veterans showed symptoms indicative of problem gaming. This is not higher than that found in the general adult population in Norway. Logistic regression analyses showed that boredom proneness (lack of internal stimulation) and enhancement motivation were independent significant predictors of gaming problems, after controlling for age, gender, coping motivation, social motivation, anxiety, depression, loneliness, lack of external stimulation, hazardous drinking, and combat exposure. These factors accounted for as much as 65.8% of the variance in gaming problem status. We conclude that veterans who are highly motivated by enhancement motives and score low on lack of internal stimulation may be prone to developing gaming problems.
Thermographic Camera Use in Brake Oriented Friction Materials Tests / Użycie Kamery Termowizyjnej w Badaniach Hamulcowych Materiałów Ciernych
Authors: Skorupka Zbigniew 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Friction brake temperature due to its influence on brakes’ operation is subject to many test and studies. Measurements methods of this important brake parameter are being continuously developed. In order to withstand difficulty in temperature evaluation in full brake system as well as in isolated friction pair is use of contactless measurement methods. Currently, the most widespread contactless testing method of the thermal effects is to measure infrared emission by pyrometers or thermographic (infrared) cameras. Thermal imaging method wasn’t used so far during aviation brake materials usefulness evaluation and certification testing performed in Instytut Lotnictwa Landing Gear Laboratory. In this paper, author described performed friction materials tests which were recorded with thermal imaging camera as well as evaluated usefulness of the method by comparing its accuracy to thermocouple measurement.
From Reliability to Resilience: Modern Challenges of Safety and Reliability Theory and Applications / Od Nieuszkadzalności Do Odporności: Współczesne Wyzwania Teorii i Inżynierii Niezawodności i Bezpieczeństwa
Authors: Nowakowski Tomasz 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
There are several trends of development of modern reliability theory; some of them are subjects of everyday engineering activity, like: quality control of mass production or “pure” reliability. But most of these issues, such as: effectiveness, survivability, safety, security, are currently the subject of many works of conceptual, modeling, case study or survey nature. The aim of this article is show how the performance requirements of technical objects were supplemented with: customer expectations (quality), abilities to prevent the loss of the object properties in operation time (reliability and maintainability), the effects of undesirable events and protection against them (safety and security) and the ability to restore performance (resilience).
Prioritizing Water Pipe Renewal Using Fuzzy Set Theory / Priorytetyzacja Odnowy Przewodów Wodociągowych z Zastosowaniem Teorii Zbiorów Rozmytych
Authors: Pietrucha-Urbanik Katarzyna 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to present the novel approach to risk assessment in combination with failure and consequence analysis, depending on two parameters defined by the fuzzy functions: the repair time of water pipe and the cost of water pipe repair, what allow to determine particular risk levels. The presented methodology can be used to describe the functioning of the public water supply in terms of its renewal.
Perspective Correction For Image Processing
Authors: Oancea Romana , Bârsan Vlad , Molder Cristian 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The paper proposes an algorithm for applying the perspective correction of images containing human faces. Based on the coordinates of the two eyes, of the center of the mouth and of a point on the line of the mouth, one can estimate the angle of inclination of the face. After applying the perspective correction, the area corresponding to the face can be used by a face recognition algorithm based on aspect in order to improve the good recognition rate.
Small Scale Test Method To Determine The Capacity Of The Ballistic Protection Materials To Mitigate The Blast Overpressure
Authors: Alil Luminiţa-Cristina , Matache Liviu , Badea Simona Maria , Ilie Florin 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
In order to design and implement ballistic protective equipment, several common stages in developing any product must be taken (technical studies, technological demonstrators, prototypes, etc.). The final stage should be the testing-assessing of development phase, followed by the homologation of the product obtained, which is a compulsory stage. In order to characterize the properties of shock waves passing through various materials and media (air, water, materials for ballistic protection), certain techniques and working procedures were established. The most common method is testing in the shooting range where the real conditions of a detonation can be faithfully reproduced. Such tests, however, despite being the most accurate and reliable way to check the shock waves mitigation properties of materials, in addition to being extremely dangerous activities, most often require expensive materials and full-scale structures. In the first stage of development, the new materials have to be selected through the small scale tests performed in laboratory. This paper presents one test procedure that could be used to determine the capacity of the ballistic protection materials to mitigate the effects of the shock wave in laboratory conditions and at low cost.
Uma avaliação do argumento ontológico modal de Plantinga
Authors: Faria Domingos 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
My aim in this paper is to critically assess Plantinga’s modal ontological argument for existence of God, such as it is presented in the book “The Nature of Necessity” (1974). Plantinga tries to show that this argument is (i) valid and (ii) it is rational to believe in his main premise, namely “there is a possible world in which maximal greatness is instantiated”. On the one hand, I want to show that this argument is logically valid in both systems B and S5 of modal logic. On the other hand, I think that this argument is not a good argument to show that God exists or that it is rational to believe in God.
Psychological Bases of the Foreign-Language Education of Seniors (Not Only) with Health Disability
Authors: de Morais Marianna Müller , Rapsová Lucia , Zimanová Radka 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAccording to international documents, older people have a right to carry out and fully develop their abilities, skills and competences, as well as to have a dignified place and position in the society. Seniors with a certain kind of health disability have the same right as well. Due to this reason, it is indispensable and necessary to create suitable conditions for disabled seniors and to provide them a place for their personal development and self-fulfilment oriented on their fully valuable life in spite of their health disadvantage. The foreign-language education can be considered to be one of the possibilities of the self-fulfilment of seniors (not only) with health disability. Learning of a foreign language is an immanent part of education, however, it is necessary to keep certain specific features in the foreign-language education of this target group. This subject study is aimed on the analysis of psychological bases and chosen specific features of foreign-language education of seniors (not only) with health disability. It mentions chosen psycho-didactic aspects of the education of seniors (not only) with health disability. The study is an output of the authors from solving the research project of Scientific Grant Agency of the Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic and the Slovak Academy of Sciences n.1/0176/15 called Paradigms in education of adults and seniors with disability in the residential care.
Res-E Support Policies in the Baltic States: Electricity Price Aspect (Part II)
Authors: Bobinaite V. , Priedite I. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Increasing volumes of electricity derived from renewable energy sources (RES-E) affect the electricity market prices and the prices for final electricity consumers in the Baltic States. The results of a multivariate regression analysis show that in 2013 the RES-E contributed to decreasing the electricity market prices in the Baltic States. However, the final electricity consumers pay for the promotion of RES-E through the approved RES-E component which has a tendency to increase. It is estimated that in 2013 the net benefits from the wind electricity promotion were achieved in Lithuania and Latvia while the net cost - in Estonia. This suggests that the economic efficiency of the wind electricity support scheme based on the application of feed-in tariffs was higher than that based on the feed-in premium.
Magnetic Field Gradiometer with Sub-Micron Spatial Resolution Based on Caesium Vapour in an Extremely Thin Cell
Authors: Auzinsh M. , Berzins A. , Ferber R. , Gahbauer F. , Kalnins U. , Rundans R. , Sarkisyan D. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
In this paper we present a device for measuring the magnetic field and its gradient with a spatial resolution of several hundred nanometres. This device is based on caesium metal vapour confined to an extremely thin cell (ETC). To measure magnetic signals, we use absorption and very low laser powers, which might be appealing for modern fabrication techniques. A portable, fully automated device was constructed.
Vertical Handover Decision Algorithm for Heterogeneous Cellular-WLAN Networks
Authors: Polgár Zsolt Alfréd , Hosu Andrei Ciprian , Kiss Zsuzsanna Ilona , Varga Mihály 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Multi-access and heterogeneous wireless communications are considered to be one of the solutions for providing generalized mobility, high system efficiency and improved user experience, which are important characteristics of the Next Generation Networks. This paper proposes a Vertical Handover (VHO) decision algorithm for heterogeneous network architectures which integrate both cellular networks and Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs). The cellular-WLAN and WLAN-WLAN VHO decisions are taken based on parameters which characterize both the coverage and the traffic load of the WLANs. Computer simulations performed in complex scenarios show that the proposed algorithm ensures better performance compared to “classical” VHO decision algorithms.