bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Children's Preference Patterns and Opportunities for Sensory‐Led Reformulation of Chocolate Chip Cookies
Authors: Liechti Carole , Saint‐Eve Anne , Souchon Isabelle , Espinosa Lucia , Bosc Véronique , Delarue Julien 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIn the context of the rising prevalence childhood obesity, this study investigated children's preferences for chocolate chip cookies, a high impact food category. The objective was to explore drivers of preferences and to identify potential pathways for reformulation. A home use test was conducted in four cities in France with 151 school‐aged children on eight commercial chocolate chips cookies. An external preference mapping analysis was performed using descriptive analysis data from a trained sensory panel and analyses of cookies' composition and physicochemical properties. Texture emerged as a critical driver of preference, with a majority of children favoring softer textures. Preferences were not particularly driven by sweetness, challenging the assumption that children always prefer the sweetest products. Cluster analysis revealed distinct preference patterns that were linked to children's BMI and demographic factors. Notably, children with higher BMIs showed preferences for sweeter cookies and higher sugar content.
Experiences of Informal Caregivers Caring for Individuals With Chronic Schizophrenia in Asia: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Synthesis
Authors: Tay Jia Yee , Li Ziqiang , Goh Yong Shian 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionIn Asia, many caregivers are culturally obliged to assume the role of taking care of individuals experiencing chronic schizophrenia, even as they grapple with stigma and compassion fatigue. Despite the significance of this phenomenon, the collective experiences of Asian caregivers remain poorly understood.AimTo synthesise qualitative evidence on the experiences of informal caregivers when caring for individuals with chronic schizophrenia in Asia.MethodsA search was conducted on seven databases for studies published between 2013 and 2023. The included studies were appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program tool. Data extraction was based on the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Qualitative Extraction Form. The data synthesis was based on the framework by Sandelowski and Barroso.ResultsOur review included the experiences of 1345 informal caregivers from 57 included studies. The analysis yielded the overarching theme of ‘Navigating Challenges, Forging Resilience’. Three themes were identified: (i) challenges in caregiving, (ii) lack of support and (iii) coping and resilience.DiscussionOur findings highlighted the Asian caregivers' stressors, particularly cultural and traditional factors, a facet often overlooked in the literature.Implications for PracticeMental healthcare practitioners must provide caregivers with comprehensive information. Anticipatory guidance is essential during the initial stages of the diagnosis. To negate geographical limitations, caregiver‐training sessions can be pre‐recorded and posted to online platforms. Finally, cultural and spiritual beliefs can be integrated into the treatment plans for individuals with schizophrenia in the community.Relevance StatementWithin the institutional setting, mental healthcare practitioners are encouraged to provide caregivers with comprehensible information or training in person and through written or online platforms, which can transcend geographical limitations. Anticipatory guidance is essential, especially during the initial stages of the diagnosis, when confusion and uncertainties are prevalent. Periodic home visits by mental healthcare practitioners can help ease caregivers' concerns and enhance their caregiving confidence. Finally, cultural and spiritual beliefs should be integrated into the treatment plans for individuals with schizophrenia in the community as it promotes cultural acceptability, encourages referrals to appropriate institutions and reduces the stigma of mental healthcare.
Growth Performance and Microbial Activity Positively Responded to Interactive Effect of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Young Holstein Dairy Calves
Authors: Mahmoudi Vahid , Kazemi‐Bonchenari Mehdi , Yazdi Mehdi Hossein , Mirzaei Mehdi 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTWe hypothesized that nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), as two pivotal nutrients that contributed to the growth of growing animals, may have interactive effect on growth performance and microbial development in young calves. For this purpose, feeding two starter protein contents (20% [20CP] vs. 24% [24CP], DM basis) and two phosphorus supplementation levels (0.35% [0.35P] and 0.70% [0.7P], DM basis) was evaluated on growth performance, health indicators, digestibility of nutrients and microbial protein synthesis (MPS), the latter estimated from urinary purine derivatives (PDs). Forty‐eight female Holstein calves (3 days of age) were assigned randomly to the following treatments: 20CP‐0.35P, 20CP‐0.7P, 24CP‐0.35P and 24CP‐0.7P (n = 12, each). Milk feeding schedule was identical among treatments until weaning (d 59), but study lasted until d 73. Feeding 24CP compared to 20CP diet tended to improve starter intake, increased average daily gain (ADG) during pre‐weaning period (p < 0.05), and final body weight (p = 0.01). Higher P supplementation has marginal effect on starter intake but improved ADG (pre‐weaning; p = 0.02) and microbial activity by greater MPS (p = 0.02) compared to 0.35P. The greatest starter intake, the most favourable general appearance score, the highest withers height, the highest hip height, the greatest organic matter and neutral detergent digestibility, and the greatest MPS were found when calves fed diets contained 24CP along with 0.7P in starter. Based on the current study results, N and P have separate effects on the growth performance of young calves; however, their positive interaction can be attributable to growth performance and microbial development, especially during the pre‐weaning period.
A Cryogenian impact structure lurking in the shadows of northern Sweden
Authors: Alwmark C. , Kenny G. G. , Alwmark S. , Minde P. , Plado J. , Hietala S. , Whitehouse M. J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHere we report on findings for four rock samples with melt texture found in a gravel pit within a glaciofluvial deposit near the small town of Kitkiöjärvi in northernmost Sweden. The samples are comprised of granitic clasts embedded in a brown fine‐grained melt matrix. The samples all contain quartz grains and/or clasts exhibiting multiple sets of planar deformation features oriented parallel to crystallographic planes characteristic of shock metamorphism. The samples also contain Former Reidite In Granular Neoblastic (FRIGN) zircon. We therefore conclude that the investigated samples represent impact melt rock. We interpret a U‐Pb concordia age of 658.9 ± 6.9 Ma (Cryogenian) derived using secondary‐ion mass spectrometry analysis of shocked zircon, as the best estimate for the age of the impact event that formed the melt rocks. Zircon grains from two of the samples yield younger lower intercept ages, raising the possibility that the samples came from multiple impact events of different ages. Although we cannot exclude this possibility, we interpret the younger ages from the clast‐rich melt rocks to reflect non‐impact‐related Pb loss events and suggest that all samples likely came from the same structure. Analysis of the glaciofluvial history of the region, along with the relatively high frequency of finds (five in total, as one similar melt rock was found in the pit in 2018), points to a short‐distance glacial transportation of the samples from the southwest. Since there are no known impact structures in Sweden within that area and/or of similar age, we conclude that an old (the oldest known yet) impact structure in Sweden potentially is yet to be discovered somewhere in the vicinity of the gravel pit.
Environmental determinants of West Nile virus vector abundance at the wildlife–livestock interface
Authors: Casades‐Martí Laia , Peralbo‐Moreno Alfonso , Delacour‐Estrella Sarah , Ruiz‐Fons Francisco 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe diversity and abundance of vectors are essential parameters in the transmission dynamics of West Nile virus (WNV) between its avian reservoirs and clinically susceptible mammalian species. Knowing the determinants of vector abundance could be thus useful in preventing West Nile fever (WNF) cases and associated socio‐economic impact. We designed a survey at the wildlife–livestock interface to test the hypothesis that variations in environmental favourability between anthropized and wild scenarios modulate WNV vector abundance and transmission risk. In a continental Mediterranean region where WNF has recently emerged, we selected nine sampling sites and allocated three areas to every site with a decreasing gradient of wildlife–livestock interaction: A1—a horse farm where interaction is maximal; A2—a zone of intermediate interaction 500–1000 m from the farm; and A3—an entirely wild zone of low interaction 1–5 km from the farm. At a fortnightly frequency, we estimated mosquito abundance at each of the 27 study sites in May–December 2018 and April–July 2019. We estimated bird and mammal abundance, collected meteorological information and characterised mosquito habitat at the site scale. Thereafter, we studied the determinants of Culex spp., Culex pipiens sensu lato (s.l.) Linnaeus, 1758 (Diptera: Culicidae) and Culex theileri Theobald, 1903 abundance by constructing negative binomial generalised linear mixed models. We identified 20 mosquito species, with a notable predominance of Culex spp. and, particularly, of Cx. pipiens s.l. We found differences in the spatiotemporal distribution of Culex spp. abundance and confirmed our hypothesis by finding important effects of local environmental variations in abundance. The accumulated rainfall in fortnights 4–14 and the mean temperature of the two fortnights before sampling were positively and statistically significantly associated with the abundance of Cx. pipiens s.l. (Z = 13.09, p < 0.001, and Z = 9.91, p < 0. 001, respectively) and Culex spp. (Z = 13.35, p < 0.001, and Z = 6.99, p < 0.001, respectively), while the mean temperature of the two previous fortnights was a positive statistically significant predictor (Z = 14.69, p < 0.001) of the abundance of Cx. theileri. The farm environment was the most conducive predictor to hosting Culex spp. compared with wild settings. Our results indicate that continental Mediterranean environments are favourable for WNV circulation and maintenance, especially the environment of anthropized rural settings such as farms. These results will have an impact on the spatiotemporal risk prediction of WNF emergence in continental Mediterranean environments.
Identifying behavior change techniques (BCTs) in responsive feeding interventions to prevent childhood obesity—A systematic review
Authors: Eidhin Gráinne Máire Áine Ní , Matvienko‐Sikar Karen , Redsell Sarah Anne 
Published: November 2024

SummaryBackgroundComplex interventions that include responsive infant feeding components can potentially prevent childhood obesity. To develop a replicable responsive feeding intervention, an understanding of the most effective behavior change techniques (BCTs) and theory is needed.ObjectiveTo identify the BCTs and theories used in interventions with responsive feeding components for caregivers of children ≤2 years.MethodsPsycINFO, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and MIDIRS were searched from inception to May 2023. Studies of obesity prevention interventions with a responsive feeding component were included. BCT Taxonomy Version 1 and Michie and Prestwich theory coding method were applied.FindingsEighteen interventions were identified; the number of BCTs ranged from 3 to 11 (mean = 5.5). The most used BCTs were “Instruction on how to perform a behaviour” (17/18) and “Adding objects to the environment” (13/18), which were commonly used in the nine trials demonstrating higher responsive feeding behaviours and the four trials reporting reduced likelihood of overweight or obesity, or rapid weight gain. Fifteen trials reported use of theory.ConclusionBCT use was low in interventions with responsive feeding components. BCTs are replicable; their use in interventions, alongside theory, will ensure that key determinants of responsive feeding behavior are included in future obesity prevention interventions.
Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis or Acute Cellular Rejection?
Authors: Entenmann Andreas , Kogler Hubert , Huber Wolf‐Dietrich , Kölz Marita , Knisely A. S. , Skok Kristijan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundLangerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare malignant disorder of epidermal antigen presenting cells. It is characterized by infiltration of various tissues with dendritic cells (Langerhans cells, LC) that express CD1a or CD207 (langerin), often leading to organ dysfunction. A patient with LCH required liver transplantation (LT) for LCH‐associated biliary‐tract disease. Cholangiopathy developed after LT. The question arose: In this patient, did LC in damaged liver‐allograft biliary epithelium signify acute cellular rejection (ACR) or recurrent LCH?MethodsWe evaluated immunohistochemical identification of LC (CD1a, CD207) in the proposita and in 14 ACR patient samples as distinguishing between ACR and recurrent LCH.ResultsAmong 15 patient samples, 3 (20%) marked with neither antibody. Among the remaining 12 samples (80%), 4 (26.7%)—including that from the proposita—had cells marking for both antigens within bile‐duct epithelium as well as in surrounding portal‐tract connective tissue, 2 (13.3%) had cells marking for both antigens in one region or the other, but not in both, and 6 (40%) had cells marking for only one antigen in one region or the other.ConclusionsImmunostaining for CD1a and CD207/langerin in the setting of ACR without suspicion of LCH identifies LC in damaged bile ducts. This biomarker pairing proved not to be LCH‐specific. Our findings indicate that the presence of these cells alone is insufficient to identify recurrent LCH in the allograft liver.
STEM exam performance: Open‐ versus closed‐book methods in the large language model era
Authors: Mizori Rasi , Sadiq Muhayman , Ahmad Malik Takreem , Siu Anthony , Ahmad Reubeen Rashid , Yang Zijing , Oram Helen , Galloway James 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic accelerated the shift to remote learning, heightening scrutiny of open‐book examinations (OBEs) versus closed‐book examinations (CBEs) within science, technology, engineering, arts and mathematics (STEM) education. This study evaluates the efficacy of OBEs compared to CBEs on student performance and perceptions within STEM subjects, considering the emerging influence of sophisticated large language models (LLMs) such as GPT‐3.MethodsAdhering to PRISMA guidelines, this systematic review analysed peer‐reviewed articles published from 2013, focusing on the impact of OBEs and CBEs on university STEM students. Standardised mean differences were assessed using a random effects model, with heterogeneity evaluated by I2 statistics, Cochrane's Q test and Tau statistics.ResultsAnalysis of eight studies revealed mixed outcomes. Meta‐analysis showed that OBEs generally resulted in better scores than CBEs, despite significant heterogeneity (I2 = 97%). Observational studies displayed more pronounced effects, with noted concerns over technical difficulties and instances of cheating.DiscussionResults suggest that OBEs assess competencies more aligned with current educational paradigms than CBEs. However, the emergence of LLMs poses new challenges to OBE validity by simplifying the generation of comprehensive answers, impacting academic integrity and examination fairness.ConclusionsWhile OBEs are better suited to contemporary educational needs, the influence of LLMs on their effectiveness necessitates further study. Institutions should prudently consider the competencies assessed by OBEs, particularly in light of evolving technological landscapes. Future research should explore the integrity of OBEs in the presence of LLMs to ensure fair and effective student evaluations.
Intraoperative sentinel lymph node mapping with indocyanine green via video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery for primary pulmonary neoplasia in a dog
Authors: Griffin Maureen A. , Todd‐Donato Amy B. , Peterson Nathan , Buote Nicole J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo report the use of intraoperative sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping with indocyanine green (ICG) and near‐infrared (NIR) imaging in a dog with a primary pulmonary carcinoma that underwent lung lobectomy via a video‐assisted thoracoscopic approach.Study designCase report.AnimalsA 9‐year‐old female spayed Labrador retriever.MethodsA solitary, 6.5 cm diameter, right caudal pulmonary mass was identified on contrast‐enhanced thoracic and abdominal computed tomography, with no overt metastatic disease or other primary neoplastic diseases. The dog underwent video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery. A right‐sided thoracoscopic approach was initially performed for right caudal pulmonary ligament transection and image‐guided peritumoral (intrapulmonary) ICG injection. Due to the large size of the mass, a wound retractor was then placed in the right 6th intercostal space for right caudal lung lobectomy. Sentinel lymph node mapping was performed via NIR imaging, and the SLN was extirpated for histologic assessment.ResultsThe right tracheobronchial lymph node was identified as sentinel via NIR fluorescence following peritumoral ICG injection. Right caudal lung lobectomy and right tracheobronchial lymph node extirpation were performed without complication, and histologic evaluation revealed a grade 1 pulmonary adenocarcinoma with pneumonia and a reactive lymph node.ConclusionPeritumoral ICG administration with NIR imaging appears to be an effective method for intraoperative SLN mapping in dogs with primary pulmonary tumors. The technique utilized in this report can be applied to open or minimally invasive procedures. Large‐scale studies with SLN mapping are needed to determine an accurate incidence of nodal metastatic disease and any effect of extirpation of early metastatic disease via SLN mapping techniques on oncologic outcomes in dogs with primary pulmonary carcinoma.
System Tautochronic Path for Pendulum Vibration Absorber Based on Simple Harmonic Oscillator Transformation
Authors: Valadbeigi Nima , Monroe Ryan , Geist Bruce 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Centrifugal pendulum vibration absorbers (CPVAs) are essentially collections of pendulums attached to a rotor or rotating component or components within a mechanical system for the purpose of mitigating the typical torsional surging that is inherent to internal combustion engines and electric motors. The dynamic stability and performance of CPVAs are highly dependent on the motion path defined for their pendulous masses. Assemblies of absorbers are tuned by adjusting these paths such that the pendulums respond to problematic orders (multiples of average rotation speed) in a way that smooths the rotational accelerations arising from combustion or other nonuniform rotational acceleration events. For most motion paths, pendulum tuning indeed shifts as a function of the pendulum response amplitude. For a given motion path, the tuning shift that occurs as pendulum amplitude varies produces potentially undesirable dynamic instabilities. Large amplitude pendulum motion that mitigates a high percentage of torsional oscillation while avoiding instabilities brought on by tuning shift introduces complexity and hazards into CPVA design processes. Therefore, identifying pendulum paths whose tuning order does not shift as the pendulum amplitude varies, so-called tautochronic paths, may greatly simplify engineering design processes for generating high-performing CPVAs. To illustrate this new approach and results, a tautochronic cut-out shape producing constant period system motion is obtained for a simplified problem involving a mass sliding in the cut-out of a larger mass that is free to translate horizontally without friction in a constant gravitational field, where the translating base mass replaces the rotating rotor in the centrifugal field.
Utilization of Stochastic P-Bifurcation for Simultaneous Energy Harvesting and Vibration Suppression: An Experimental Investigation
Authors: Cosner Joel , Tai Wei-Che 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This research focuses on the prediction and experimental verification of P-bifurcation as well as the effectiveness in reducing vibrations and harvesting energy with the use of an inertially nonlinear energy harvesting device attached to a single-degree-of-freedom structure subjected to Gaussian broadband base excitation, modeled as white noise. Four experimental scenarios were tested, including three with different resistive loads and one with an open circuit. Frequency domain optimization involved an optimization routine that was designed to minimize the mean squared error in the pendulum velocity’s frequency content below two cycles per second while constraining the root mean square velocity discrepancy between the simulations and actual experiments to be below 3%. This facilitated accurate predictions of power, vibration suppression, and P-bifurcation. Using the fitted model, an analytically derived P-bifurcation boundary in the noise intensity versus electrical damping plane was presented and experimentally verified. Additionally, power spectral densities for electric power and relative suspended mass velocity were determined for the inerter pendulum vibration absorber system and compared with a top-performing linear system. Results indicated that the monomodal system was the least effective in energy harvesting, while the bimodal and rotational systems significantly enhanced mean and resonant peak power by up to a factor of four and two, respectively. Near the resonant frequency, the peak relative velocity power spectral density decreased by around a factor of four, and the mean square relative velocity improved by as much as a factor of two.
Enhancing Executive Function in Children and Adolescents Through Motor Learning: A Systematic Review
Authors: Richter Madison J. , Ali Hassan , Immink Maarten A. 
Published: November 2024

Enhancing executive function in children and adolescents can have significant positive impact on their current and future daily lives. Upregulation of executive function associated with motor skill acquisition suggests that motor learning scenarios provide valuable developmental opportunities to optimize executive function. The present systematic review aimed to identify key motor learning features that contribute to executive function enhancement in children and adolescents. A January 2024 database search identified 62 eligible studies, involving a total of 4,163 children and adolescents, aged 3–17 years, from developmentally typical (35 studies) and atypical or clinical (27 studies) populations. Schools (51%), sports (22%), laboratory (11%), or home (5%) settings with 8- to 12-week programs for primarily fundamental or perceptual-motor skills but also sport, dance, and musical instrument skills were implemented to evaluate executive function outcomes in domains including working memory (55%), inhibitory control (55%), attention (48%), and cognitive flexibility (41%). Enhanced executive function was most frequently associated with gross and discrete or serial motor skill characteristics, closed or stationary regulatory environments, and variable practice conditions. Studies frequently omitted the assessment of motor learning outcomes or lacked sufficient methodological detail needed to classify motor skill and practice design features that might contribute to executive function enhancement.