bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exercise dependence: Associations with capability for suicide and past suicidal behavior
Authors: Rogers Megan L. , Duffy Mary E. , Buchman‐Schmitt Jennifer M. , Datoc Alison E. , Joiner Thomas E. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectiveExercise dependence has been linked to capability for suicide and suicidal behavior; however, less understood are which facets of exercise dependence confer risk for suicidal behavior and the potential mechanisms of this association. This study examined relationships between exercise dependence, capability for suicide, and past suicidal behavior.MethodsA sample of 540 individuals recruited via MTurk completed online measures of their exercise dependence, capability for suicide, and history of suicidal behavior.ResultsSuicide attempters reported higher levels of continuance in exercise despite physical or psychological consequences, lack of control over exercise, and reductions in other activities due to exercise than nonattempters. Capability for suicide accounted for the relationship between continuance in exercise despite adverse consequences and lifetime number of suicide attempts.ConclusionsWhen exercise becomes pathological in the form of exercise dependence, steps should be taken to reduce such engagement due to its observed association with suicidal behavior.
Unique and shared features of narcissistic and antisocial personality disorders: Implications for assessing and modeling externalizing traits
Authors: Stanton Kasey , Zimmerman Mark 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectivesWe aimed to determine which, if any, features distinguish antisocial and narcissistic personality disorders (ASPD and NPD), two overlapping externalizing disorders.MethodsA large sample of outpatients (N = 2,149) completed interview measures assessing personality pathology, other psychopathology, and impairment. The structure of antisocial and narcissistic traits was examined using both exploratory bifactor and traditional exploratory factor analytic approaches, and we examined relations for our emergent factors.ResultsFactor analytic results indicated that most narcissistic and antisocial traits were strongly overlapping, although some features emerged as relatively distinct (e.g., arrogance defining NPD). Factors modeling our specific bifactor dimensions showed very weak psychopathology and impairment relations.ConclusionsThe structure of ASPD and NPD traits does not align neatly with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM‐5) Section II conceptualizations, Regardless of the factor analytic approach used. Our findings also indicate that specific dimensions defining these PDs show modest predictive power after accounting for a general externalizing dimension.
Visual Body Scale for Men (VBSM): Validation of a new figural rating scale to measure perceived‐desired body discrepancy in men
Authors: Talbot Daniel , Cass John , Smith Evelyn 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectivesThis study examined the psychometric properties of the Visual Body Scale for Men (VBSM), a new figural rating scale designed as a measure of male perceived‐ideal body discrepancy.MethodsIn Study 1, participants were 133 males who selected their perceived and desired bodies from the VBSM. Body composition, body dissatisfaction, eating disorder and depressive symptomatology were obtained. In Study 2, participants were 33 males who completed the VBSM and the Bodybuilder Image Grid (BIG). Study 2 aimed to compare the validity evidence of the VBSM to the BIG.ResultsBoth VBSM‐Body Fat (VBSM‐BF) and VBSM‐Muscularity (VBSM‐M) demonstrated sound test–retest reliability, convergent, concurrent, and discriminant validity evidence. Additionally, the VBSM demonstrated better sensitivity for detecting body fat‐related body image and dissatisfaction when compared to the BIG.ConclusionThe VBSM improves upon existing male figural rating scales in terms of image quality, includes both dimensions of a male body image, and demonstrates good psychometric properties.
The stigmatization of nonsuicidal self‐injury
Authors: Burke Taylor A. , Piccirillo Marilyn L. , Moore‐Berg Samantha L. , Alloy Lauren B. , Heimberg Richard G. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectiveDespite the high prevalence of nonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI), no research has systematically studied the occurrence and effects of stigmatization by others towards NSSI scarring.MethodsThe current study measured implicit and explicit attitudes among undergraduates towards NSSI scarring using the implicit association test and questionnaires to compare implicit and explicit biases towards NSSI with biases towards tattoos, a culturally sanctioned form of self‐determined marking, as well as nonintentional disfigurement.ResultsOur study demonstrated strong negative implicit and explicit biases towards NSSI when comparing NSSI to tattoos and nonintentional disfigurement.ConclusionsResults extend previous research describing stigma towards mental illness and suggest a large negative bias towards NSSI. The importance of studying how stigma affects those who bear scarring from NSSI is discussed.
“We almost had the whole block's phone number on the wall”: A mixed methods investigation of informal helping in a predominantly rural sample
Authors: Hagler Matthew , Hamby Sherry , Banyard Victoria , Grych John 
Published: October 2018

AbstractCommunity psychologists have noted the limitations of professional models of mental health treatment, demonstrating that people are more likely to use informal familial or community support during adversity. However, relatively little is known about the forms and functions of informal help seeking and provision. Semistructured interviews (N = 170), in which a sample of predominantly rural‐dwelling adolescents and adults described significant life experiences, were coded for instances of receiving help. Codes thematically categorized the type of adversity, role of the helper, and nature of the help received. Most participants (67.64%) reported the presence of at least one informal helper; only 8.82% of participants discussed receiving professional help. Chi‐square analyses suggested that the nature of the help received varied by the types of helper and adversity being experienced and that different helpers were more likely to aid with particular adversities. The presence of a nonfamilial, nonprofessional helper was associated with higher posttraumatic growth, generativity, and perceived social support.
Formulation and evaluation of anticancer and antiangiogenesis efficiency of PLA–PEG nanoparticles loaded with galbanic acid in C26 colon carcinoma, in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Afsharzadeh Maryam , Abnous Khalil , Yazdian–Robati Rezvan , Ataranzadeh Armin , Ramezani Mohammad , Hashemi Maryam 
Published: October 2018

AbstractGalbanic acid (GBA) is an active sesquiterpene coumarin derivative, with various medicinal benefits, including anticancer properties. However, the low solubility of GBA is the main limitation of its clinical applications. In this study, we used a nanosystem based on poly (D, l‐lactide)–polyethylene glycol (PLA–PEG), for the delivery of GBA to C26 colon carcinoma cells. The physicochemical characteristics of nanoparticles (NPs) prepared by the emulsification–evaporation method were evaluated. MTT assay was used to compare the anticell proliferation of GBA and PLA–PEG–GBA against C26 cell lines. PLA–PEG‐NPs with an average size of about 140 nm had an enhanced release of GBA at a pH of 5.5 compared with a pH of 7.4. Cytotoxicity studies showed that the IC
50 of the PLA–PEG–GBA NPs (8 µM) was significantly lower than free GBA (15 µM). In the in vivo study, PLA–PEG–GBA NPs exhibited remarkable efficacy and reduced in vivo toxicity in C26 colon carcinoma tumor‐bearing female BALB/c mice. To study the antiangiogenesis effect of the NPs, tumor sections were stained with an anti CD34 antibody. The results show the CD34 (+) vessels were decreased in the GBA and PLA–PEG–GBA treated mice by more than 75% and 90%, respectively. These results suggest that the encapsulation of GBA into the PLA–PEG could potentially be used for the treatment of colorectal cancer.
LINC00641 regulates autophagy and intervertebral disc degeneration by acting as a competitive endogenous RNA of miR‐153‐3p under nutrition deprivation stress
Authors: Wang Xiao‐Bo , Wang Hua , Long Hou‐Qing , Li Dong‐Ya , Zheng Xin 
Published: October 2018

AbstractEmerging evidence supports the involvement of autophagy in the pathogenesis of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play fundamental roles in various cellular processes, including autophagy. However, it remains largely unknown as to how autophagy is regulated by miRNAs and lncRNAs in IDD. Biological functions of miR‐153‐3p and long intergenic nonprotein coding RNA 641 (LINC00641) were investigated. Luciferase reporter assays was done to validate miR‐153‐3p targets. To induce nutritional stress, nucleus pulposus (NP) cells were cultured in the normal nutritional condition and the low nutritional condition. Quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) was used to analyze miR‐153‐3p and LINC00641 in response to nutrient deprivation. Autophagic activity was assessed by transmission electron microscopy, western blot analysis and green fluorescent protein‐light chain 3 puncta. Pull‐down assay and RNA fluorescent in situ hybridization were performed to validate LINC00641 target and the location. MiR‐153‐3p is downregulated in NP tissues from IDD patients. Further, LINC00641 can affect collagen II and matrix metalloproteinase‐3 expressions. Upregulation of LINC00641 and downregulation of miR‐153‐3p are detected in NP cells under nutritional stress. LINC00641 can regulate autophagic cell death by targeting miR‐153‐3p and autophagy‐related gene 5 (ATG5). MiR‐153‐3p inhibits autophagy and IDD by targeting ATG5. More important, LINC00641 targets miR‐153‐3p, and thus affects ATG5 expression, autophagic cell death and IDD. These findings uncover a novel regulatory pathway that is composed of LINC00641, miR‐153‐3p, and ATG5 in IDD. This mechanism may stimulate to a more understanding of IDD pathogenesis and provide new sights for the treatment of this disorder.
Accuracy and efficacy of ultrasound‐guided pes anserinus bursa injection
Authors: Lee Jong H. , Lee Jae U. , Yoo Seung W. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPurposeTo compare the accuracy and efficacy of ultrasound (US)‐guided versus blind pes anserinus bursa (PAB) injection in patients with pes anserinus tendinobursitis (PATB).MethodsForty‐seven patients with clinically diagnosed PATB were randomly assigned to a US‐guided group or a blind group of steroid injection. In the US‐guided group, the injectate was delivered under sonographic visualization. In the blind group, the conventional technique was used without any visual guidance. After the PAB injection, the injectate location was identified using US in both groups. Treatment effects were assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS) of knee tenderness. Outcomes were measured before, 1 week and 4 weeks after the injection.ResultsBoth groups showed pain relieving at 1 week and 4 weeks after the injection. The injectate in the US guided group were found to be accurately at the PAB in all subjects, whereas blind group were found to be just in 4 of 22 subjects. The US‐guided group showed significant improvement of both of VAS scores compared to the blind group at 1 week and 4 weeks after the injection (P < .05).ConclusionOur results suggest that US‐guided PAB injection is more accurate and effective than blind injection in patients with PATB.
The complex trophic anatomy of silver carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, highlighting a novel type of epibranchial organ
Authors: Cohen Karly Elizabeth , Hernandez L. Patricia 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, silver carp, is an invasive Asian carp that has become increasingly widespread and ecologically destructive within the upper Mississippi River Basin. Its complex trophic anatomy may help explain the apparent efficiency with which they consume phytoplankton, outcompeting native filter feeders. This cypriniform species is characterized by trophic synapomorphies that include a palatal organ, loss of upper pharyngeal jaws, and a hypertrophied lower pharyngeal jaw. However, in silver carp these structures have become greatly modified and diverge from the more basal condition that characterizes species such as goldfish. The trophic apparatus of silver carp is composed of discrete structures that are functionally coupled: filtering plates, paired epibranchial organs (EBO), a modified palatal organ composed of large muscular folds that interdigitate with the filtering plates, and hypertrophied lower pharyngeal jaws and teeth. The filtering plates fill a significant portion of the buccal cavity, especially since the distal parts of these filtering plates make up a key component of the EBOs. EBOs, food aggregating structures found in many teleosts, are thought to have independently evolved at least six times. Ranging in complexity from small slits on the dorsal wall of the pharyngeal cavity to exceedingly intricate spiraling structures, EBOs are morphologically diverse among filter‐feeding fishes. Despite this morphological diversity and broad taxonomic distribution, little is known regarding the functional anatomy of the EBO. Moreover, the EBO in silver carp is distinct from the organs previously described in other species, being created by four independent pharyngeal involutions (instead of the more typical one or two) that form spiral‐shaped pharyngeal tubes surrounded by circumferential muscle. On each side of the head greatly hypertrophied hyomandibulae and opercles are connected to the anterior cartilaginous caps of the bilateral EBOs via enlarged muscles. Given that these fish are pump filter feeders we hypothesize that the opercula may compress and expand the EBOs during pumping causing food to be moved posteriorly toward the pharyngeal jaws.
Comparative gastrointestinal morphology of seven golden mole species (Mammalia: Chrysochloridae) from South Africa
Authors: Pinheiro Cassandra , Venter Michaela L. , Sahd Lauren , Bronner Gary N. , Kotzé Sanet H. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractGolden moles are small, fossorial, and primarily insectivorous mammals mostly endemic to South Africa. They belong to an ancient African clade of placental mammals (Afrotheria) that likely radiated from an herbivorous ancestor. Nearly half of the 21 golden mole species are listed as threatened; but remarkably little is known about their basic biology and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) morphology. This study provides a morphometric and histochemical analysis of the GIT of seven chrysochloridae species, including three threatened taxa. Macroscopically, all species examined had simple GITs with simple, wholly glandular stomachs and no cecum. Histologically, the pylorus was dominated by parietal cells. Neutral mucin cells were found on the luminal surface and in the gastric pits, while mixed acid and neutral mucin cells were found in the proximal parts of the gastric glands. The proximal intestine had typical small intestinal histological features such as villi. Typical colonic mucosal features were absent as villi were present throughout the intestinal tract. Goblet cells were abundant and increased toward the distal intestine. These intestinal goblet cells contained mostly mixed mucins. Stomach and intestinal content analysis confirmed the presence of arthropod exoskeleton material and possible small vertebrate remnants, commensurate with a low‐fibre, protein‐rich diet. This may account for their simple GIT morphology, as seen convergently in other unrelated insectivorous mammals. This study provides better representation of variation in GIT morphology among chrysochloridae and within the enigmatic Afrotheria clade. Additionally, it provides a better understanding of the mucin distribution in relation to diet and phylogeny of golden moles.
Device and circuit level performance assessment of n‐ and p‐type dopingless MOSFETs
Authors: Bashir Faisal , Murshid Asim M. , Banday Mohammad Tariq 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn this paper, two structures of n‐ and p‐type dopingless MOSFETs have been presented and compared with conventional n‐ and p‐type doped MOSFETs. The different regions of dopingless devices (n‐ and p‐type dopingless MOSFETs) have been realized by using metal work function engineering: a charge plasma concept. The simulation studies of the doped (n‐ and p‐type doped MOSFETs) and dopingless (n‐ and p‐type dopingless MOSFETs) devices have been performed using Atlas 2D simulator. It has been observed that the dopingless devices outperform the conventional doped devices by sizeable margin. The various performance measuring parameters in which dopingless devices shows improvement in comparison with conventional doped devices are ON current (Ion), cutoff frequency (fT), subthreshold swing (SS). A comparative analysis for DL‐nMOSFET shows 19% improvement in Ion, 24% in fT, 1.5% in SS, approximately seven times in DIBL, and 38% in Ion/Ioff. Almost similar improvement has been seen in DL‐pMOSFET when compared conventional doped pMOSFET (D‐pMOSFET). Besides this, Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) inverter has been designed using doped‐ and dopingless‐based MOSFETs. A significant improvement of 34.2% in switching delay has been achieved in the dopingless CMOS‐based inverter. Further, it has been observed that the process variation effect at device and circuit level are almost negligible in dopingless‐based devices and circuit configuration in comparison with conventional doped counterpart.
Effects of 1‐Alkyl‐(and 1‐Benzyl)‐2,3‐Dimethylimidazolium Ionic Liquids as Additives on the Micellar Behavior of Surfactant SB‐12
Authors: Pal Amalendu , Pillania Ankita 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe micellization and surface‐active behavior of zwitterionic surfactant N‐dodecyl‐N,N‐dimethyl‐3‐ammonio‐1‐propanesulfonate (SB‐12) in aqueous media were investigated in the absence and presence of different alkyl‐appended and benzyl‐appended ionic liquids (IL) 1‐butyl‐2,3‐dimethylimidazolium chloride [bdmim][Cl], 1‐butyl‐2,3‐dimethylimidazolium bromide [bdmim][Br], 1‐hexyl‐2,3‐dimethylimidazolium bromide [hdmim][Br], and 1‐benzyl‐2,3‐dimethylimidazolium chloride [bzdmim][Cl]. The characteristics of self‐organization processes in SB‐12 + IL/water systems include critical micelle concentration (cmc), aggregation number (Nagg), micellar size (D), surface, and adsorption parameters. These parameters were determined by the fluorescence and surface tension measurements. In SB‐12 solutions, cmc were found to be decreasing to different extents in the presence of all the studied IL than in pure water. The addition of IL [hdmim][Br] decreases the cmc of aqueous SB‐12 to rather a low extent. The other three IL show a prominent lowering in cmc of surfactant SB‐12 to different magnitude. The maximum lowering in cmc was observed due to addition of benzyl‐appended IL [bzdmim][Cl]. The aggregation number of aqueous SB‐12 solution obtained in general is higher at high wt.% of added IL. The average micellar size was also found to increase upon addition of IL. Both IL anions and cations interacted with the charged centers present on the zwitterionic surfactant SB‐12, which caused a substantial increase in the surface activity.
Efficacy of yeast starters to drive and improve Picual, Manzanilla and Kalamàta table olive fermentation
Authors: Tufariello Maria , Anglana Chiara , Crupi Pasquale , Virtuosi Ivan , Fiume Paolo , Di Terlizzi Biagio , Moselhy Naiim , Attay Hussein AG , Pati Sandra , Logrieco Antonio F , Mita Giovanni , Bleve Gianluca 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDTable olive fermentation is an unpredictable process and frequently performed using traditional practices often inadequate to obtain products with acceptable quality and safety standards. In the present study, the efficacy of selected yeast strains as starters to drive fermentations of green and black table olives by the Greek method was investigated. Pilot‐scale production by spontaneous fermentation as a control, olives started with previously selected Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains and fermentation driven by commercial S. cerevisiae baker's yeast strain were carried out for each of Manzanilla, Picual and Kalamàta table olive cultivars.RESULTSTime of fermentation was significantly shortened to 40 days to complete the transformation process for all three tested cultivars. Inoculated table olives were enhanced in their organoleptic and nutritional properties in comparison with corresponding samples obtained by spontaneous fermentation. The use of starters was also able to improve safety traits of table olives in terms of biogenic amine reduction as well as absence of undesired microorganisms at the end of the process.CONCLUSIONSAutochthonous, but also non‐autochthonous, yeasts can be used to start and control table olive fermentations and can significantly improve quality and safety aspects of table olives produced by many smallholder farmers. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Asymmetric effects of real exchange rate on inbound tourist arrivals in Malaysia: An analysis of price rigidity
Authors: Karimi Mohammad Sharif , Khan Ashfaq Ahmad , Karamelikli Huseyin 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPresent research is sought to analyse asymmetrical effects of exchange rates and income of tourists on tourist arrivals in Malaysia. A non‐linear model has been formulated to examine symmetrical and asymmetrical effects of exchange rate quarterly data from year 2000 to 2017. Results have revealed that both depreciation and appreciation of domestic currency value lead to a decrease in number of inbound tourist arrivals at long run. Moreover, it is found that price rigidity in Malaysian tourism sector may influence decision of tourists to select alternative destination. Besides, reduction in the real‐effective exchange rate does not have adverse effect in the long run.