bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health Status of the Elderly Karbis: A Case Study in Morigaon District, Assam
Authors: Sarmah Chandana 
Published: July 2019

Health among elderly is an important dimension of quality of life. Health is the outcome of interaction of genetic and environmental factors. In elderly, it is the result of a complex interaction of the physical, social, and psychological aspects of ageing. Health status in this paper has been looked at from the point of view of incidence of diseases, functional ability, nutritional status, and elderly’s self-assessment of health condition. Data for the study have been collected from 20 villages in Morigaon district of Assam, predominantly inhabited by the Karbi community. Sixty years and above have been taken as the inclusive criterion. The sample consists of 508 elderly male and female Karbis. It is cross-sectional study using both qualitative and quantitative methods. Data have been collected with a structured schedule and nutritional status assessed from body mass index. Majority of the elderly did not reportedly suffer from any disease. A look into the treatment and management of disease conditions indicates that the elderly persons are mostly not aware of any disease prevalence due to their ignorance. The elderly remain functionally active and this is mainly their criteria of defining health. Of the elderly, 30 percent show low body mass index indicating protein deficiency malnutrition. Self-assessment of health condition as good by most elderly indicates a better psychological health. Functional ability, nutritional status, and self-assessment show an association with age.
Examination of attention, executive function, and memory as predictors of mortality risk in adults with systolic heart failure
Authors: Gathright Emily C , Dolansky Mary A , Gunstad John , Josephson Richard A , Moore Shirley M , Hughes Joel W 
Published: July 2019

Background: The prevalence and impact of cognitive impairment in heart failure is increasingly recognized. Converging evidence points to global cognitive function as predictive of prognosis in adults with heart failure when assessed with screening tools. Additional work is needed to understand which domains of cognitive function are most relevant for prognosis. Aims: The present study sought to examine associations between domains of cognitive function and mortality risk in adults with heart failure. Methods: In the present prospective, observational cohort study, global cognitive function, attention, executive function, and memory were assessed by means of a comprehensive neuropsychogical battery in adults with systolic heart failure. Mortality data were obtained from the National Death Index (median follow-up 2.95 years). Relationships among each cognitive domain and mortality were assessed with Cox regression. Covariates included age, sex, heart failure severity, comorbidity and depressive symptoms. Results: Participants were 325 patients with systolic heart failure with a mean age of 68.6 years (59% men, 73% Caucasian). Following covariate adjustment, better global cognitive function, attention, and executive function were related to decreased mortality risk. Conclusions: Future research is needed to clarify the underlying mechanisms of the association between cognitive impairment and mortality.
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use is a risk factor for early Type II endoleak after endovascular abdominal aortic repair
Authors: Matsubara Yutaka , Inoue Kentaro , Mori Kazuki , Morita Masato , Takebayashi Satoshi , Kume Masazumi 
Published: July 2019

Objectives Type II endoleak is a problem after endovascular abdominal aneurysm repair. Preoperative risk factors for Type II endoleak include anatomical factors in the lumbar artery and inferior mesenteric artery; however, preventable postoperative risk factors are unknown. Postimplantation syndrome is associated with lower incidence of Type II endoleak. Therefore, we focused on inflammation, and our aim was to investigate nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs as a postoperative risk factor for Type II endoleak. Methods This was a retrospective study of patients with aortic aneurysm who underwent endovascular aneurism repair at the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Beppu Medical Center, Oita, Japan, from January 2011 to August 2018. Clinical characteristics were retrieved from patients’ medical records and included age, sex, body mass index, smoking history, comorbidities, treatment devices, medications, and perioperative information, including postimplantation syndrome. Postimplantation syndrome was defined as body temperature >38.5°C with 12,000/dL white blood cells or >10.0 mg/dL C-reactive protein. The primary outcome was the presence or absence of Type II endoleak assessed on the first postoperative enhanced computed tomography scan. Risk factors for Type II endoleak were assessed. Results and conclusions: Of the eligible 84 patients, 20 (24%) had Type II endoleak identified in the first enhanced computed tomographic scans after endovascular aneurism repair. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use (odds ratio (OR): 21.2; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.5–308.4; P = 0.026), cerebrovascular disease (OR: 7.27; 95% CI: 1.06–49.99; P = 0.044), and body mass index <22 kg/m2 (OR: 17.3; 95% CI: 2.1–141.8; P = 0.008) were independent risk factors for Type II endoleak after endovascular aneurism repair. Comparing the rate of Type II endoleak among patients who did not receive nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs within 24 h after endovascular aneurism repair, patients who first used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs 12–24 h after endovascular aneurism repair, and those who received nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs within 12 h after endovascular aneurism repair, we found a significant difference among the groups (4%, 18%, 45%, respectively; P = 0.001). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use within 24 h after endovascular aneurism repair is a risk factor for Type II endoleak. We should know nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs within 24 h after endovascular aneurism repair can be a risk of Type II endoleak.
Comparative Effectiveness of Alternative Dosing Regimens of Hyaluronic Acid Injections for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review
Authors: McElheny Kathryn , Toresdahl Brett , Ling Daphne , Mages Keith , Asif Irfan 
Published: July 2019

Context: Viscosupplementation is widely used for management of knee osteoarthritis. Many formulations of hyaluronic acid (HA) are available, ranging from a single injection to a series of up to 5 injections per treatment. Objective: To compare efficacy between single and multiple HA injection formulations. Data Sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, Web of Science, Scopus databases were all searched. Study Selection: Full-text prospective randomized and nonrandomized controlled human trials, cohort studies, and cost-effectiveness evaluations in the English language comparing different injection regimens of viscosupplementation were included. Study Design: Systematic review. Level of Evidence: Level 1. Data Extraction: Data were collected using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Four databases were searched by a librarian and the principal investigator, identifying 6196 articles for screening. Results: Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria. Of the studies comparing single- with multiple-injection formulations of HA for treatment of knee osteoarthritis, there was no consistent difference in patient-reported outcomes. Furthermore, 5-injection formulations do not appear to be superior to 3-injection formulations. Conclusion: There are limited head-to-head trials comparing viscosupplementation formulations that differ based on number of injections, and in particular, there is a paucity of trials evaluating single-injection formulations. Based on the currently available data, there appears to be similar efficacy with the possibility for greater cost-effectiveness and less patient inconvenience with single-injection formulations.
Clinical meaning of PROMIS pain domains for children with sickle cell disease
Authors: Singh Ashima , Panepinto Julie A. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) pain interference and pain behavior domains are valid and reliable for children with sickle cell disease (SCD). However, clinical interpretation of the scores is unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the clinical meaning of PROMIS pain scores for children with SCD. We used 2 approaches to determine clinical meaning: dichotomization of item responses and T-score ranges. T-score ranges determined thresholds for no/mild, moderate, and severe pain. We compared the proportion of patients who needed pain medications among pain severity groups using χ2/Fisher’s exact tests. The study included 117 children (mean age, 11.5 years [standard deviation, 2.9 years]). Using the dichotomization approach, 43 children had pain interference T-scores ≤48 reflecting minimal pain, and 30 children had T-scores &gt;60 reflecting substantial pain. For pain behavior, 34 children had T-scores ≤41 reflecting minimal problems, and 23 patients had T-scores &gt;57 reflecting substantial problems with pain. Using T-score ranges, clinical thresholds of no/mild and severe pain interference were determined as ≤48.3 and &gt;63.6, respectively. The thresholds for no/mild and severe pain behavior were ≤41.3 and &gt;57.3, respectively. Overall, the proportion of patients who took pain medications was significantly different among those with no/mild, moderate, and severe pain as identified by pain interference (P = .002) and pain behavior domains (P = .0113). We identified T-scores for PROMIS pain domains that facilitate clinical interpretation and provide necessary information for PROMIS users in a clinical setting.
Unmasking the hidden tuberculosis mortality burden in a largepost mortemstudy in Maputo Central Hospital, Mozambique
Authors: Garcia-Basteiro Alberto L. , Hurtado Juan Carlos , Castillo Paola , Fernandes Fabiola , Navarro Mireia , Lovane Lucilia , Casas Isaac , Quintó Llorenç , Jordao Dercio , Ismail Mamudo R. , Lorenzoni Cesaltina , Carrilho Carla , Sanz Ariadna , Rakislova Natalia , Mira Aurea , Alvarez-Martínez Miriam J. , Cossa Anélsio , Cobelens Frank , Mandomando Inácio , Vila Jordi , Bassat Quique , Menendez Clara , Ordi Jaume , Martínez Miguel J. 
Published: July 2019

Sensitive tools are needed to accurately establish the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) at death, especially in low-income countries. The objective of this study was to evaluate the burden of TB in a series of patients who died in a tertiary referral hospital in sub-Saharan Africa using an in-house real time PCR (TB-PCR) and the Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Xpert Ultra) assay.Complete diagnostic autopsies were performed in a series of 223 deaths (56.5% being HIV-positive), including 54 children, 57 maternal deaths and 112 other adults occurring at the Maputo Central Hospital, Mozambique. TB-PCR was performed in all lung, cerebrospinal fluid and central nervous system samples in HIV-positive patients. All samples positive for TB-PCR or showing histological findings suggestive of TB were analysed with the Xpert Ultra assay.TB was identified as the cause of death in 31 patients: three out of 54 (6%) children, five out of 57 (9%)maternal deaths and 23 out of 112 (21%) other adults. The sensitivity of the main clinical diagnosis to detect TB as the cause of death was 19.4% (95% CI 7.5–37.5) and the specificity was 97.4% (94.0–99.1) compared to autopsy findings. Concomitant TB (TB disease in a patient dying of other causes) was found in 31 additional cases. Xpert Ultra helped to identify 15 cases of concomitant TB. In 18 patients,Mycobacterium tuberculosisDNA was identified by TB-PCR and Xpert Ultra in the absence of histological TB lesions. Overall, 62 (27.8%) cases had TB disease at death and 80 (35.9%) had TB findings.The use of highly sensitive, easy to perform molecular tests in complete diagnostic autopsies may contribute to identifying TB cases at death that would have otherwise been missed. Routine use of these tools in certain diagnostic algorithms for hospitalised patients needs to be considered. Clinical diagnosis showed poor sensitivity for the diagnosis of TB at death.
A solution to prevent secondary flow in adherent cell cultures
Authors: Szaraz Peter , Librach Matthew , Mander Poonam , Hoseini Banafshe , Librach Max , Iqbal Farwah , Librach Clifford 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
High quality cell cultures require reliable laboratory practices. Today's small-scale in vitro cell culture format is dominated by circular topology vessels, with the inherent disadvantage of secondary flow induced each time the cell cultures are repositioned. The secondary flow generates uneven sedimentation and adherence that negatively impacts cell culture quality. Here we show a modification of the circular culture vessel that abrogates these disturbances. Cell culture wells were augmented with a central column to diminish secondary flow. Human carcinoma cell lines (BeWo, JEG-3), mesenchymal stem cells [human umbilical cord perivascular cells (HUCPVC)] and mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) were cultured in both column-augmented and regular culture wells. Human carcinoma cell cultures showed even cell densities and significantly more viable cells in column-augmented vessels. In FTM HUCPVC cultures, cell surface MSC marker (CD90, CD105) expression and cell differentiation-related gene expression patterns were significantly more homogeneous in column-augmented vessels. MEF cells in column-augmented culture vessels showed a more consistent expression of IGF-1. Column-augmented cell culture vessels significantly improve the homogeneity of adherent cell cultures by mitigating the adverse effect of the secondary flow.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Underwater hearing in sea snakes (Hydrophiinae): first evidence of auditory evoked potential thresholds
Authors: Chapuis Lucille , Kerr Caroline C. , Collin Shaun P. , Hart Nathan S. , Sanders Kate L. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTThe viviparous sea snakes (Hydrophiinae) are a secondarily aquatic radiation of more than 60 species that possess many phenotypic adaptations to marine life. However, virtually nothing is known of the role and sensitivity of hearing in sea snakes. This study investigated the hearing sensitivity of the fully marine sea snake Hydrophis stokesii by measuring auditory evoked potential (AEP) audiograms for two individuals. AEPs were recorded from 40 Hz (the lowest frequency tested) up to 600 Hz, with a peak in sensitivity identified at 60 Hz (163.5 dB re. 1 µPa or 123 dB re. 1 µm s−2). Our data suggest that sea snakes are sensitive to low-frequency sounds but have relatively low sensitivity compared with bony fishes and marine turtles. Additional studies are required to understand the role of sound in sea snake life history and further assess these species' vulnerability to anthropogenic noise.
Relative prolixity in journals with different citation impact values: an evidence-based scientific writing assessment
Authors: Nascimento Gyzelle P.V. , Moreira Daniel C. , Welker Alexis F. 
Published: July 2019

Background: Scientific writing guidelines recommend that a scientific text should be straightforward, without prolixity, and informative, without obscurity. However, the extent to which researchers follow these recommendations is unknown. Considering that the most cited journals provide more detailed instructions for authors, we aimed to investigate the degree of relative prolixity (i.e., length versus amount of information) among journals with different citation impact scores. Methods: We analyzed journals whose articles follow the classic Introduction, Method, Results, and Discussion structure, written in English and with a CiteScore value ≥ 0.01 classified in the ‘Pharmaceutical Science’ area. Relative prolixity was calculated as the ratio between the number of characters and the number of citations contained in the introductory section of original articles. Additionally, we collected the number of paragraphs and words. Results: The number of characters, words and citations in the Introduction section were significantly higher in the journals with higher CiteScore values. The median number of paragraphs in the Introduction was not affected by the citation impact of the journals. The degree of relative prolixity in the Introduction section of the articles was negatively correlated with the CiteScore values. Conclusions: Articles published in journals with higher CiteScore values have lower degrees of relative prolixity (i.e., shorter texts to transmit a certain amount of information) and obscurity.
The evaluation of cryptocurrency
Authors: Шмырева Александра , Shmyreva Aleksandra , Баранов Павел , Baranov Pavel , Самохвалов Сергей , Samohvalov Sergey 
Published: July 2019

The article estimate some aspects of the functioning of cryptocurrency, as a relatively new financial market instrument, the main participants in this market segment, cryptocurrency exchanges, taking into account key criteria: accessibility, mobility, operational efficiency. The aspects of regulation at the world and national levels are investigated.
The authors give an assessment of the mechanism for regulating cryptocurrencies in separate countries ,which recognize this instrument and actively regulate it (Ar-gentina, Canada, Japan, Malazia, Switzerland),as well as countries, which reject (Vi-etnam) or just tolerate cryptocurrency, but do not have the regulatory framework for it use.
Obviously, cryptocurrency is a relatively new instrument of the financial market, but its value not depend with amount of labour invested, as it is traditionally charac-teristic for conventional goods and services.
The research shows that bitcoin still remains the most widespread type between other different kinds of cryptocurrencies.
A significant aspect of cryptocurrencies functioning is their regulation. In our country there is no legislative certainty yet, but some steps have been made in this di-rection.
In the long term, cryptocurrencies will be regulated at the international level, and the emphasis will be on preventing the use of their illegal financial transactions and for money laundering.
Analysis of tension and bending fracture behavior in moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) using synchrotron radiation micro-computed tomography (SRμCT)
Authors: Liu Huanrong , Peng Guanyun , Chai Yuan , Huang Aiyue , Jiang Zehui , Zhang Xiubiao 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Bamboo is a natural bio-composite material that is both tough and possesses excellent mechanical properties. Its delicate structure and fiber arrangements play an important role in the mechanical properties and the fracture performance of bamboo. In this study, the fracture behaviors of bamboo due to tensile strength and bending were investigated using synchrotron radiation micro-computed tomography and environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM). Both tension and bending tests revealed that fibers are the key factors for bearing extra load and impeding crack propagation. Crack paths were found to be different in bamboo strips with different fiber percentages, and the interface between pulled-out fiber bundles and fiber break (in helix breaks and shearing break) was observed to be typical fracture characteristics in tension. Moreover, advanced micro-matrix cracking, interface debonding, fiber bundle bridging and the splitting of cell wall layers were found to be important fracture characteristics in bending. Both in tension and bending, a reasonably weak interface appeared to be beneficial for improving fracture toughness of fiber-reinforced bamboo. Thus, it is clear that “fiber bridging” mechanisms and “shear-lag theory” are well exhibited in bamboo.
Artificially aged spruce and beech wood surfaces reactivated using FE-DBD atmospheric plasma
Authors: Žigon Jure , Petrič Marko , Dahle Sebastian 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Although weathering is usually carried out in outdoor conditions, even ageing in indoor conditions can cause significant changes to wood surfaces. We found these to notably impact wetting and coatability of surfaces of common beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] wood. These effects were well overcome and the surfaces reactivated using a novel kind of a plasma device. On both kinds of wood, ageing caused significant changes in their colour, opening of pits and cell wall destruction. Infrared spectra indicated a significant decrease of aromatic lignin and production of non-conjugated carbonyl groups. Surface free energies and spreading kinetics varied much upon this kind of ageing. In beech, pull-off strengths for a commercial waterborne wood coating slightly decreased for longer exposure times. For the reactivation of wood surfaces, we employed a novel approach using a floating electrode dielectric barrier discharge (FE-DBD) plasma, which had not been done on wood before. Similar to other plasma techniques, the surface free energy (SFE) increased after treatment. On beech wood, the plasma treatment (PT) led to higher pull-off strengths of the waterborne coating. On spruce wood, the coating mostly showed cohesive failures after ageing, and thus the PTs showed less improvements.
Crystal structure of 3-(2-ethoxy-2-oxoethyl)-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium hexafluoridophosphate(V), C8H13F6N2O2P
Authors: Huang Ting , Nie Xu-Liang , Chen Jing , Zhao Wen , Xiong Wan-Ming 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
C8H13F6N2O2P, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 9.0228(12) Å, b = 13.6501(18) Å, c = 11.2771(15) Å, β = 112.904(1)°, V = 1279.4(3) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0773, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.2385, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of (pyridine-2-carboxylato-κ2
N,O)-[2-(2-pyridyl)phenyl-κ2
N,C
1]palladium(II), C17H12N2O2Pd
Authors: Ha Kwang 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
C17H12N2O2Pd, orthorhombic, Pna21 (no. 33), a = 20.6775(12) Å, b = 11.7539(7) Å, c = 5.4868(3) Å, V = 1333.52(13) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0154, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0373, T = 223(2) K.
Palaepaphos: Unlocking the Landscape Context of the Sanctuary of the Cypriot Goddess
Authors: Iacovou Maria 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe cult centre of Palaepaphos was in continuous use since the construction of its megalithic temenos in the Late Bronze Age, but the new political role which the sanctuary was made to perform in the Hellenistic and Roman periods has supressed its original identity. From the 3rd c. BC, when the citystates of the island were abolished by Ptolemy Soter, to the end of the 4th c. AD, when pilgrim visitations and state-endorsed festivals were gradually abandoned under the growing impact of Christianity, the abode of the Cypriot goddess served the colonial politics of the Ptolemaic kingdom and the Roman Empire, respectively. The Palaepaphos Urban Landscape Project (PULP) has shown that the recovery of the sanctuary’s millennium-long primary role depends on the recovery of the almost invisible landscape of its founding polity and the region’s associated settlement structure. With the use of geospatial analyses and advanced documentation and imaging technologies, PULP has been building a diachronic model of the urban structure of the ancient polity and a site distribution model of the Paphos hydrological basin. Current results have unlocked the significance of the sanctuary’s spatial location in relation to a long-lost gateway to the sea that was the foundation kernel of Ancient Paphos.