bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tough thermosetting polyurethanes and adhesives from rubber seed oil by hydroformylation
Authors: Hong Jian , Radojčić Dragana , Yang Xiao‐Qin , Wan Xianmei , Petrović Zoran S. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTRubber seed oil (RSO), extracted from the seeds of rubber trees, is inedible oil with high free fatty acid content. In order to add value to RSO, we prepared a polyol with primary OH groups via hydroformylation/hydrogenation. Free hydroxy fatty acids formed in the process were utilized as reactive diluents, viscosity reducers, and adhesion promoters through hydrogen bonding with the substrate. The structures of the oil and polyol were analyzed using a range of analytical methods. The polyol had a hydroxyl number of 244 mg KOH g−1 and an acid number of 21 mg KOH g−1. The polyurethane prepared from this polyol and diphenylmethane diisocyanate was a highly crosslinked, tough material with a glass transition at 44 °C, high tensile strength and elongation, and attractive electrical properties. When used as a wood adhesive, it displayed extraordinary shear strength characterized by substrate wood failure rather than cohesive failure of the polymer. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48509.
High‐performance thermoplastic polyurethane nanocomposites induced by hybrid application of functionalized graphene and carbon nanotubes
Authors: Rostami Amir , Moosavi Mehdi I. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTA hybrid polymeric system containing carbon nanofillers with different geometrical dimensions is proposed for strategic applications, particularly for electrical properties. Two different carbon nanofillers including functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (fCNTs) and functionalized graphene nanoplatelets (fGnPs) were added to thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) to prepare single and hybrid nanofiller filled TPU through solution mixing. Sufficient exfoliation of the fGNPs in the single nanocomposites was confirmed by X‐ray diffraction, while single filler and hybrid TPU nanocomposites containing fCNTs showed some re‐aggregation of these nanofillers. Linear rheology together with scanning electron microscopy revealed a proper exfoliation and dispersion degree for fGnPs and fCNTs, respectively. We have shown that simultaneous addition of fCNTs–fGnPs in the form of a hybrid system into the TPU made a large surface area available and strong interfacial interactions were formed between the hybrid network and the TPU matrix. This in turn led to electrical, thermal and mechanical properties, which were superior to those predicted by the mixture law. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48520.
Plasticity‐controlled failure of sintered and molded polyamide 12: Influence of temperature and water absorption
Authors: Paolucci Fabio , Peters Gerrit W. M. , Govaert Leon E. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTThe influence of stress, temperature, and relative humidity on plasticity‐controlled failure of molded and laser‐sintered polyamide 12 (PA12) has been investigated. Ree–Eyring's flow theory is employed and modified to take into account the effect of relative humidity on the deformation kinetics. By introducing the concept of critical strain, time to failure in plasticity‐controlled regime is predicted starting from the yield kinetics. Creep test is performed to estimate the critical strain and to validate model predictions. The model predictions are in good agreement with the experimental results, showing that the model is a suitable and reliable tool to evaluate mechanical response as function of temperature and relative humidity. We demonstrate that, while, at high applied strain rates, a significant difference is found, the mechanical response under constant strain rate as well as the failure kinetics in plasticity‐controlled regime of the sintered PA12 are comparable with those of the molded material. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Applied Polymer Science published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48525.
Updatable colorful display of vector hologram in azo–poly(9‐vinylcarbazole)–TiO2 nanocomposite films
Authors: Kang Lihong , Liu Hongfang , Fu Shencheng , Li Xin , Li Ning , Wu Jiarui , Wang Xinnong , Zhang Xintong , Li Jinhuan 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTReversible photoconversion can realize multiple utilizations of optical materials, which is essential for updatable display. Azopolymer has the ability of reversible photoconversion benefiting from its recycled trans–cis isomerization. Commonly, introduction of inorganic nanoparticles can improve the optical response rate and holographic reconstruction efficiency of azopolymer. However, aggregation of inorganic nanoparticles in azopolymers is unavoidable, not only aggravating light scattering but also reducing film homogeneity and chemical activity. It is difficult to realize reversible optical conversion in the photochromic material. Here, we use poly(9‐vinylcarbazole) (PVK) and porous TiO2 to improve optical properties of azopolymer. The spatial dispersion ability of the photosensitive units is increased greatly. Diffraction efficiency of vector‐holographic gratings in the organic–inorganic comodulated film is eight times higher than that without PVK. Erasing ratio of the stored hologram reaches 97.8%. Based on such property, updatable vector hologram reconstruction with different colors lights is realized. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48537.
Redox Non‐Innocence and Isomer‐Specific Oxidative Functionalization of Ruthenium‐Coordinated β‐Ketoiminate
Authors: Kumar Bera Sudip , Panda Sanjib , Baksi Sourajit Dey , Kumar Lahiri Goutam 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis article deals with isomeric ruthenium complexes [RuIII(LR)2(acac)] (S=1/2) involving unsymmetric β‐ketoiminates (AcNac) (LR=R‐AcNac, R=H (1), Cl (2), OMe (3); acac=acetylacetonate) [R=para‐substituents (H, Cl, OMe) of N‐bearing aryl group]. The isomeric identities of the complexes, cct (cis‐cis‐trans, blue, a), ctc (cis‐trans‐cis, green, b) and ccc (cis‐cis‐cis, pink, c) with respect to oxygen (acac), oxygen (L) and nitrogen (L) donors, respectively, were authenticated by their single‐crystal X‐ray structures and spectroscopic/electrochemical features. One‐electron reversible oxidation and reduction processes of 1–3 led to the electronic formulations of [RuIII(L)(L⋅)(acac)]+ and [RuII(L)2(acac)]− for 1+‐3+ (S=1) and 1−–3− (S=0), respectively. The triplet state of 1+‐3+ was corroborated by its forbidden weak half‐field signal near g≈4.0 at 4 K, revealing the non‐innocent feature of L. Interestingly, among the three isomeric forms (a–c in 1–3), the ctc (b in 2 b or 3 b) isomer selectively underwent oxidative functionalization at the central β‐carbon (C−H→C=O) of one of the L ligands in air, leading to the formation of diamagnetic [RuII(L)(L′)(acac)] (L′=diketoimine) in 4/4′. Mechanistic aspects of the oxygenation process of AcNac in 2 b were also explored via kinetic and theoretical studies.
Cognitive processes predicting advanced theory of mind in the broader autism phenotype
Authors: Green Cherie C. , Brown Natasha J. , Yap Valerie M.Z. , Scheffer Ingrid E. , Wilson Sarah J. 
Published: October 2019

Little is known about executive functions (EFs) associated with advanced theory of mind (ToM) abilities. We aimed to determine if advanced ToM abilities were reduced in individuals with subclinical traits of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), known as the “Broader Autism Phenotype” (BAP), and identify the EFs that predicted unimpaired performance on an advanced ToM task, the faux pas test. We assessed 29 participants (13 males) with the BAP who were relatives of children with ASD. Thirteen participants showed reduced ability to understand a faux pas. A discriminant function analysis correctly classified 79% of cases as impaired or unimpaired, with high sensitivity (80%) and specificity (77%), which was best predicted by language‐mediated EFs, including verbal generativity, working memory, cognitive inhibition, and flexibility. Autism Res 2020, 13: 921‐934. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryLittle is known about the complex cognitive processes that enable accurate interpretation of another person's thoughts and emotions, known as “theory of mind.” In relatives of individuals with autism, who had mild traits of autism themselves, approximately half had difficulty interpreting situations involving a social faux pas. Cognitive inhibition and flexibility, working memory, and verbal generativity were related to, and appeared to be protective for, unimpaired understanding of a faux pas.
Ketone Body Metabolism: Love and Survival
Authors: Bravo Mónica E. P. , Patiño Ricardo S. P. , Almeida José R. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe following story tells the details of the ketone body metabolism, focusing on the needs of the brain in prolonged fasting conditions. This literary composition highlights the use of ketone bodies as an important metabolic adaptation that avoids excessive protein degradation and allows for greater survival. The liver produces ketone bodies that are released into the bloodstream and exported to the brain, which then absorbs and transforms them into acetyl‐CoA. These molecules with central role in metabolism generate energy through the Krebs cycle, electron transport chain, and oxidative phosphorylation. This tale is a valuable tool for biochemistry teachers and students because it can help with a deeper understanding of the physiological roles of ketone bodies and their metabolism. © 2019 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 48(1):82–83, 2020.
The Multilevel Inquiry Approach to Achieving Meaningful Learning in Biochemistry Course
Authors: Anwar Yunita Arian Sani 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBiochemistry learning in higher education not only aims to allow students to remember the concepts learned, but also to achieve meaningful learning. This study examines the implementation of the multilevel inquiry approach in order to achieve meaningful biochemistry learning. Such as approach begins with a structured inquiry, leading to a guided inquiry, and ending with an open inquiry on topics that are connected to each other. A posttest‐only control group design was employed, with a total sample of 87 students taking biochemistry courses. The control class consisted of 43 students, with 44 students in the experimental class. The variables tested were learning outcomes, practical skills, and attitudes toward biochemistry, while the effect of the implementation of multilevel inquiry on these three variables was analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The results show that the class that applied the multilevel inquiry approach achieved higher scores in all three variables than the control class. The MANOVA test shows that the implementation of this approach has a positive effect on the three variables, which represent the cognitive, psychomotor, and affective domains, and that multilevel inquiry was able to foster meaningful learning in biochemistry courses. © 2019 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 48(1):28–37, 2020.
Episodic memory improvements due to noninvasive stimulation targeting the cortical–hippocampal network: A replication and extension experiment
Authors: Hermiller Molly S. , Karp Erica , Nilakantan Aneesha S. , Voss Joel L. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIntroductionThe distributed cortical network of the human hippocampus is important for episodic memory. In a previous experiment, noninvasive stimulation of the hippocampal‐cortical network applied for five consecutive days improved paired‐associate learning measured after the stimulation regimen via cued recall (Wang et al., Science, 2014, 345, 1054). This finding has not yet been directly replicated. Furthermore, evidence for long‐lasting effects of stimulation on paired‐associate learning was obtained by analyzing relatively small subsamples (Wang & Voss, Hippocampus, 2015, 25, 877) and requires further evaluation.MethodsSixteen healthy young adults participated in this replication study using the same experimental design as the original study. Participants received 1 week of active stimulation and 1 week of sham stimulation, with memory assessments occurring at the beginning (pre) and end (post) of each week. Assessments included the paired‐associate task used in the original study, as well as a long‐term episodic memory retention task in order to test the hypothesis that increased paired‐associate learning could come at the cost of accelerated long‐term forgetting. Change in memory scores was evaluated within (pre vs. post) and across (active vs. sham) weeks.ResultsSimilar to Wang et al., paired‐associate learning was significantly improved after 1 week of active stimulation but not after 1 week of sham stimulation. We found no evidence that stimulation increased long‐term forgetting for either week.ConclusionThese findings confirm the beneficial effects of stimulation on episodic memory that were reported previously and indicate that stimulation‐related gains in new learning ability do not come at the price of accelerated long‐term forgetting.
Neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio predicts post‐thrombolysis early neurological deterioration in acute ischemic stroke patients
Authors: Gong Pengyu , Xie Yi , Jiang Teng , Liu Yukai , Wang Meng , Sun Huanhuan , Zhang Shuting , Zhang Yingdong , Zhang Xiaohao , Zhou Junshan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackground and purposeIntravenous thrombolysis (IVT) has become the standard treatment for acute ischemic stroke within 4.5 hr after symptoms onset. However, a fraction of patients would develop early neurological deterioration (END) after IVT. The aim of our study was to explore the utility of neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in predicting END.MethodsFrom October 2016 to March 2018, 342 consecutive patients with thrombolytic therapy were prospectively enrolled in this study. Blood cell counts were sampled in stroke emergency room before IVT. END was defined as a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score increase of ≥4 points within 24 hr after IVT. Multiple regression analysis was used to investigate the potential risk factors of END. We also performed receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and nomogram analysis to assess the overall discriminative ability of the NLR in predicting END.ResultsOf the 342 patients, 86 (25.1%) participants were identified with END. Univariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that patients with NLR in the third tertile, compared with the first tertile, were more likely to have END (odds ratio, 9.783; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.847–19.764; p = .001). The association remained significant even after controlled for potential confounders. Also, a cutoff value of 4.43 for NLR was detected in predicting post‐thrombolysis END with a sensitivity of 70.9% and a specificity of 79.3% (area under curve, 0.779; 95% CI, 0.731–0.822). Furthermore, our established nomogram indicated that higher NLR was an indicator of post‐thrombolysis END (c‐index was 0.789, p < .001).ConclusionsThis study showed that elevated level of NLR may predict post‐thrombolysis END in ischemic stroke patients.
Incidence of benign and malignant peri‐implant fluid collections and masses on magnetic resonance imaging in women with silicone implants
Authors: Sutton Elizabeth J. , Dashevsky Brittany Z. , Watson Elizabeth J. , Tyagi Neelam , Bernard‐Davila Blanca , Martinez Danny , Dogan Ahmet , Horwitz Steven M. , Cordeiro Peter G. , Morris Elizabeth A. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundTo assess the incidence of benign and malignant peri‐implant fluid collections and/or masses on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in women with silicone implants who are being screened for silent implant rupture.MethodsThe institutional review board approved this HIPAA‐compliant retrospective study and waived informed consent. Women who underwent silicone implant oncoplastic and/or cosmetic surgery and postoperative implant‐protocol MRI from 2000 to 2014 were included. Peri‐implant fluid collections and/or masses were measured volumetrically. A benign peri‐implant fluid collection and/or mass was pathologically proven or defined as showing 2 years of imaging and/or clinical stability. A malignant peri‐implant fluid collection was pathologically proven. Incidence of peri‐implant fluid collections and/or masses and positive predictive value (PPV) were calculated on a per‐patient level using proportions and exact 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Fisher's exact test was used in the analysis to test statistical significance pre‐defined as P‐value < 0.05.ResultsA total of 1070 women with silicone implants were included (mean age, 50.7 years; range, 40.4‐53.8). Median time between reconstructive surgery and first MRI was 88.9 months (range, 0.8‐1363.3). Eighteen women (1.7%) had a peri‐implant fluid collection and/or mass: 15/18 (83.3%) had adequate follow‐up; and only 1/15 was malignant implant associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma, with a PPV of 6.7% (95% CI: 0.003‐0.0005). The median peri‐implant fluid collection size was 89 mL (range, 18‐450 mL).ConclusionPeri‐implant fluid collections and/or masses identified at silicone implant protocol breast MR imaging are rarely seen 24 months after reconstructive surgery. Image‐guided fine‐needle aspiration with flow cytometry may be warranted to evaluate for implant‐associated lymphoma.
Operative and peri‐operative considerations in the management of brain metastasis
Authors: Sankey Eric W. , Tsvankin Vadim , Grabowski Matthew M. , Nayar Gautam , Batich Kristen A. , Risman Aida , Champion Cosette D. , Salama April K. S. , Goodwin C. Rory , Fecci Peter E. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe number of patients who develop metastatic brain lesions is increasing as the diagnosis and treatment of systemic cancers continues to improve, resulting in longer patient survival. The role of surgery in the management of brain metastasis (BM), particularly multiple and recurrent metastases, remains controversial and continues to evolve. However, with appropriate patient selection, outcomes after surgery are typically favorable. In addition, surgery is the only means to obtain a tissue diagnosis and is the only effective treatment modality to quickly relieve neurological complications or life‐threatening symptoms related to significant mass effect, CSF obstruction, and peritumoral edema. As such, a thorough understanding of the role of surgery in patients with metastatic brain lesions, as well as the factors associated with surgical outcomes, is essential for the effective management of this unique and growing patient population.
Subjective and objective socieoeconomic status and the impact on overall variance in clinical outcomes
Authors: Hawley Lisa D. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe current investigation examined objective and subjective socioeconomic status (SES) measures on mental health outcomes with a counselling population.MethodMeasures of SES included education level, income, savings, health care, perceived SES, perceived financial security and economic positioning. Two hierarchical regression models assessed objective and subjective SES measures with clinical outcomes using the OQ‐45.2.ResultsThe results of the preliminary study indicate that subjective SES is a better predictor of mental health outcomes than objective SES.ConclusionsMore exploration of subjective SES as a predictor in counselling outcome research is needed.
Effects of barley flour on dough rheology, texture, sensory and glycemic index of traditional unleavened flat bread (Roti)
Authors: Mansoor Remal , Ali Tahira Mohsin , Arif Saqib , Moin Abeera , Hasnain Abid 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe effects of the addition of barley flour on rheological, textural, sensory, and glycemic index of unleavened flat bread (Roti) were evaluated. The objective was to increase barley flour consumption in daily diet through its addition in roti, a staple food of Pakistan.FindingsSubstitution of barley flour resulted in lower water absorption of doughs owing to the lower quality of gluten network. Rheological analysis showed increase in storage moduli of dough on barley flour addition. The rotis supplemented with barley flour were found to be less elastic and stiffer. Sensory panelists were unable to distinguish flat breads made from (5 to 25) % barley flour addition. Addition of 50% barley flour significantly reduced glycemic index of roti whereas that of control roti was found to be 81.9%.ConclusionAddition of barley flour resulted in development of healthier breads with reduced glycemic index.Significance and NoveltyThe effect of addition of barley flour on roti has never been studied before. Roti is a staple food for many countries and is eaten three times with meal. Therefore, addition of barley flour to roti would increase consumption of barley flour in daily diet.
A case of modern management of Morgagni‐Adam‐Stokes syndrome
Authors: Negroni Maria Silvia , Furia Francesca , Bursi Francesca , Canevini Maria Paola , Carugo Stefano 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTransient loss of consciousness initially diagnosed as epileptic seizures and then documented as paroxysmal atrioventricular block. Cardiac resynchronization and defibrillator therapy guided by a multimodality approach.
Invasive mole in a perimenopausal woman with lung and vaginal metastases: A case report
Authors: Martínez Leocadio Cristina , García Villayzán José , García‐Foncillas López Jesús , Idrovo Franklin , Plaza Arranz Javier , Albi González Manuel 
Published: October 2019

AbstractGestational trophoblastic disease can result in serious complications and disease progression. Therefore, follow‐up of such patients is essential for early detection of malignant trophoblastic tumors and to reduce mortality rate. Primary treatment is chemotherapy but hysterectomy should be considered in patients who have uncontrollable hemorrhage and hemodynamic instability.
Meropenem pharmacokinetics during relapsing peritonitis due to ESBL‐producing Enterobacteriaciae in a liver transplant recipient
Authors: Shoji Kensuke , Saito Jumpei , Oho Yusuke , Matsumoto Shotaro , Aoki Satoshi , Fukuda Akinari , Sakamoto Seisuke , Kasahara Mureo , Capparelli Edmund , Miyairi Isao 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe report on an 8‐year‐old girl with Wilson disease who developed three episodes of peritonitis due to extended‐spectrum beta‐lactamase‐producing Escherichia coli after liver transplantation. Massive ascites were thought to account for low meropenem concentrations with standard dosing. Extending the infusion achieved higher troughs, greater time above minimum inhibitory concentration.