bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of incontinence associated dermatitis
Authors: Hoyle Joanne 
Published: June 2018

Joanne Hoyle discusses how nurses can treat and manage dermatitis brought on by incontinence Incontinence associated dermatitis is a type of contact dermatitis that occurs in individuals who have urinary and/or faecal incontinence, often causing significant discomfort, and reduced quality of life. The NHS estimates that between 3 and 6 million people in the UK have some degree of urinary incontinence. This article focuses on continence assessment, management and skin care to prevent and manage incontinence associated dermatitis.
When theatre meets fandom: Audience reviews of Harry Potter and the Cursed Child
Authors: Sedgman Kirsty 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The 2016 launch of the stage production Harry Potter and the Cursed Child presented fans with their final opportunity – the first in nearly a decade – to reunite with the characters of their beloved series. Running in London’s West End since summer 2016 and transferring to Broadway in 2018, Cursed Child presents an unusual case study of what happens when an author working in other media chooses to continue their own storyworld onstage. This makes it the ideal focus point to explore what happens when theatre and fandom collide. The play script was also published in book format, and quickly became the fastest-selling theatre script since records began. But what did audiences themselves make of this dual rebirth? This article explores how the live performance and the playtext were received by fans as very different forms of afterlife. This has prompted important questions about access. Presented with an extension to their beloved storyworld after so many years, what happens when Harry Potter fans found themselves unable to actually take part in this new theatrical experience? And to what extent was the publication of the script a fair compromise in return for audiences’ undying loyalty? This article analyses both the specific example of Cursed Child and offers a more general exploration of fan-led efforts to democratize access to exclusive live events.
The forensics of the pavement
Authors: Edwards Harriet 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This text represents a small experiment in writing. It is centred on an urban Hackney patch outside the flat where I stay in Stoke Newington, north London. It attempts to take in some dynamics of past and present, the composition of the pavement and some history above and below it. Hackney itself was once an orchard retreat for plague victims, but this patch is now territory of tarmac, pollution, foxes, shoppers, gulls, cyclists, a shooting, a mugging and a boy hidden in a bin. But it is a community, a functioning one, full of life. Influences on this episodic approach come from George Perec, with his invitations to transcribe the city; Henri Lefebvre’s Rhythmanalysis, with his theory of the city based on rhythm, and Tim Ingold’s ‘anthropology’ of line, capturing the traces and threads that compose and surround our lives.
Fenomena Post Democracy Party di Indonesia: Kajian Atas Latar Belakang, Karakteristik dan Dampaknya
Authors: Noor Firman 
Published: June 2018

Abstrak Di era demokrasi saat ini beberapa partai di Indonesia nampak memiliki karakter unik dimana tidak tumbuh dari masyarakat dan bukan pula merupakan sebuah institusi yang awalnya adalah perantara antara anggota parlemen dengan masyarakat. Kehadiran partai berkarakter post-democracy itu sendiri ditengarai merupakan dampak dari kondisi kehidupan politik yang sudah bergeser dari bentuk demokrasi yang dianggap ideal. Dengan menggunakan pisau analisis dari Colin Crouch artikel ini membedah latar belakang dan karakter partai-partai di Indonesia saat ini, serta menguji sejauh mana partai-partai tersebut dapat disebut sebagai post-democracy. Pada bagian akhir artikel ini akan membahas berbagai potensi dampak yang ditimbulkan. Secara umum tulisan ini memperlihatkan bahwa saat ini beberapa partai-partai di Indonesia memang memiliki karakter partai post democracy. Namun secara umum karakter itu bukan merupakan sesuatu hal yang permanen mengingat cenderung berpotensi semakin luntur seiring dengan makin lamanya partai-partai itu berkecimpung dalam kehidupan politik riil. Kata Kunci: Post-Democray, Partai, Politik, Oligarki, Regulasi, Alienasi
O Início da Epidemia do Zika Vírus e os seus Reflexos na Saúde Pública Nacional e Internacional
Authors: Petrônio Cícera Nerilda Vieira , Melo Antonio Marlos Duarte de , Mesquita Neto Edmar , Sampaio José Angelo Araújo , Telles Maria Valéria Leimig , Souza Conceição Maria Santos Correia de 
Published: June 2018

No final do ano de 2015, observou-se um aumento exponencial no número de casos notificados de recém nascidos com microcefalia, definida pela medida do perímetro cefálico (PC) menor que dois desvios padrões em relação a média populacional, para dado sexo e idade gestacional, segundo a Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS). Em consonância a isso, a infecção pelo Zika vírus (ZIKV), uma arbovirose emergente no país, tornou-se uma endemia. Este trabalho tem como objetivo estudar a associação da infecção intra-útero pelo Zika vírus e a ocorrência de microcefalia no período neonatal, apresentando os dados mais recentes referente à etiologia, epidemiologia e fisiopatologia da Síndrome do Zika vírus, além de descrever os desfechos relacionados a exposição ao ZIKV na gestação e avaliar o prognóstico das crianças afetadas pela microcefalia. Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura a partir de artigos científicos, livros e boletins epidemiológicos na elaboração do presente estudo. Assim, verificou-se que os portadores de microcefalia associada ao ZIKV apresentam atraso importante no desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor associado a alterações visuais, auditivas e sensoriais, o que irá impactar na independência funcional e na inserção social dos mesmos. Ainda são escassos os conhecimentos sobre essa síndrome, tanto sobre sua evolução natural, como dos seus fatores de risco ou associados, sendo necessários mais estudos sobre a temática. Palavras–chave: Vírus Zika, Gestação, Microcefalia.
Princípios de composição: descripções, narrações, cartas etc. por Guilherme do Prado (1895)
Authors: Inácio Filho Geraldo 
Published: June 2018

Os manuais escolares são utilizados no Brasil, para uso de professores e alunos desde fins do século XIX e, no decorrer do século XX firmaram-se como objetos ou utensílios da cultura escolar. Este artigo analisa um manual escolar produzido no Brasil em 1895 – Princípios de Composição por Guilherme do Prado. A investigação centra-se nas prescrições para o ensino da redação/composição na escola e procura ressaltar como o autor assimilou conhecimentos que contribuíram para fazer da composição/redação um saber escolarizado.Palavras-chave: Manual escolar. Redação. Cultura escolar; História da Educação. AbstractSchool manuals to be used by teachers and students were established in Brazil in the late 19th century and were consolidated throughout the 20th century as objects or instruments of school culture. This article examines a school manual produced in Brazil at 1895 – Princípios de Composição, by Ghuilherme do Prado. This research focuses on the requirements for the teaching of writing at school and seeks to highlight how authors used knowledge that contributed to make writing a school knowledge.Keywords: School textbook. Writing. School culture. History of Education.ResumenLos manuales escolares han sido utilizados en Brasil para uso de profesores y alunos desde finales del siglo XIX y se consolidaron a lo largo del siglo XX como objetos ou instrumentos de la cultura escolar. Este articulo analiza un manual escolar produzido en Brasil nel año 1895 por Guilherme do Prado. La investigación se centra en las prescripciones para la enseñanza de la escritura y procura ressaltar como el autor ha integrado conocimientos que contribuyeron a hacer de la escritura un saber escolarizado.Palabras-clave: Manual escolar. Escritura. Cultura escolar. Historia de la Educación.
The development of technical and scientific professional education systems: an analysis through activity theory using Engeström’s historical type model/ O desenvolvimento dos sistemas de formação técnico-científica: uma análise pela teoria da atividade usando o modelo de tipos históricos de Engeström. (Bilingual Edition)
Authors: Campos Dilhermando Ferreira , Pinto Márcia Maria Fusaro 
Published: June 2018

A necessidade de disseminar a formação técnico-científica advinda com o modo de produção moderno foi um fator influente no estabelecimento dos atuais sistemas de ensino. A partir de uma perspectiva mais utilitária dada à educação, responsável por muitas características do currículo e das práticas escolares, o modelo educacional foi se adequando às novas demandas e níveis de organização social. Para compreender melhor esse processo e seus conflitos internos, utilizaremos os conceitos da teoria da atividade, mais especificamente o modelo de tipos históricos elaborado por Y. Engeström para sistematizar a evolução de uma atividade ao longo da história.Palavras-chave: teoria da atividade. história da educação. formação técnico-científica. AbstractThe need to wider disseminate the technical and scientific education arising from the modern modes of production was an influential factor in the establishment of the current educational systems. Attributing to education a more utilitarian perspective, responsible for many features of the curriculum and school practices, the educational model has been adapted to the new demands and levels of social organization. In order to better understand this process as well as its internal conflicts, we will use notions of the activity theory, specifically the historical type model developed by Y. Engeström to systematize the evolution of an activity throughout of history.Keywords: Activity theory. History of Education. Technical and scientific professional education.ResumenLa necesidad de difundir la formación técnico-científica que surge con el modo de producción moderno, era un factor influyente en el establecimiento de los sistemas de enseñanzas actuales. Desde una perspectiva más utilitaria dada a la educación, responsable por muchas características del currículo y de las prácticas escolares, el modelo educativo se ha ido adaptando a las nuevas demandas y niveles de organización social. Para entender mejor este proceso y sus conflictos internos, utilizaremos los conceptos de la teoría de la actividad, más específicamente el modelo de tipos históricos elaborados por Y. Engeström para sistematizar la evolución de una actividad a lo largo de la historia.Palabras claves: Teoría de la actividad. Historia de la Educación. Formación técnico-científica.
Muscle Strength Is Associated With Muscle Mass in Patients With Esophageal Cancer Awaiting Surgery
Authors: van Egmond Maarten A. , van der Schaaf Marike , Hagens Eliza R. C. , van Laarhoven Hanneke W. M. , van Berge Henegouwen Mark I. , Haverkort Elizabeth B. , Engelbert Raoul H. H. , Gisbertz Suzanne S. 
Published: June 2018

Background and Purpose:
Decreased muscle mass and muscle strength are independent predictors of poor postoperative recovery in patients with esophageal cancer. If there is an association between muscle mass and muscle strength, physiotherapists are able to measure muscle strength as an early predictor for poor postoperative recovery due to decreased muscle mass. Therefore, in this cross-sectional study, we aimed to investigate the association between muscle mass and muscle strength in predominantly older patients with esophageal cancer awaiting esophagectomy prior to neoadjuvant chemoradiation.

Methods:
In patients with resectable esophageal cancer eligible for surgery between March 2012 and October 2015, we used computed tomographic scans to assess muscle mass and compared them with muscle strength measures (handgrip strength, inspiratory and expiratory muscle strength, 30 seconds chair stands test). We calculated Pearson correlation coefficients and determined associations by multivariate linear regression analysis.

Results and Discussion:
A tertiary referral center referred 125 individuals to physiotherapy who were eligible for the study; we finally included 93 individuals for statistical analysis. Multiple backward regression analysis showed that gender (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.05-33.82), weight (95% CI, 0.39-1.02), age (95% CI, −0.91 to −0.04), left handgrip strength (95% CI, 0.14-1.44), and inspiratory muscle strength (95% CI, 0.08-0.38) were all independently associated with muscle surface area at L3. All these variables together explained 66% of the variability (R
2) in muscle surface area at L3 (P < .01).

Conclusions:
This study shows an independent association between aspects of muscle strength and muscle mass in patients with esophageal cancer awaiting surgery, and physiotherapists could use the results to predict muscle mass on the basis of muscle strength in preoperative patients with esophageal cancer.
Qualitative and quantitative differences between common occupational health risk assessment models in typical industries
Authors: Tian Fang , Zhang Meibian , Zhou Lifang , Zou Hua , Wang Aihong , Hao Mo 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Objective
The differences in the methodologies of various occupational health risk assessment (OHRA) models have not been extensively reported. We aimed to understand the qualitative and quantitative differences between common OHRA models in typical industries.

Methods
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Australian, Romanian, Singaporean, International Council on Mining and Metals (ICMM), and the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) models were evaluated, and a theoretical framework was established for a comparative study.

Results
Qualitative comparisons showed that each OHRA model had its own strengths and limitations, and exhibited a diverse distribution at different levels for each evaluation indicator. The Singaporean, COSHH, and EPA models had a much higher comprehensive advantage than the other models for all indicators. Quantitative comparisons demonstrated that these three models also had a stronger ability to distinguish the difference in risk ratios between different industries. The Singaporean model had the strongest correlation with the other models.

Conclusion
Each model possessed its own strengths and limitations depending on its unique methodological principles. Combining the EPA, Singaporean, and COSHH models might be advantageous for developing an OHRA strategy. More studies comparing multiple models in key industries are required.
Respiratory Viruses and Treatment Failure in Children With Asthma Exacerbation
Authors: Merckx Joanna , Ducharme Francine M. , Martineau Christine , Zemek Roger , Gravel Jocelyn , Chalut Dominic , Poonai Naveen , Quach Caroline ,   for the Pediatric Emergency Research Canada (PERC) DOORWAY team
Published: June 2018

OBJECTIVES:
Respiratory pathogens commonly trigger pediatric asthma exacerbations, but their impact on severity and treatment response remains unclear.

METHODS:
We performed a secondary analysis of the Determinants of Oral Corticosteroid Responsiveness in Wheezing Asthmatic Youth (DOORWAY) study, a prospective cohort study of children (aged 1–17 years) presenting to the emergency department with moderate or severe exacerbations. Nasopharyngeal specimens were analyzed by RT-PCR for 27 respiratory pathogens. We investigated the association between pathogens and both exacerbation severity (assessed with the Pediatric Respiratory Assessment Measure) and treatment failure (hospital admission, emergency department stay &gt;8 hours, or relapse) of a standardized severity-specific treatment. Logistic multivariate regressions were used to estimate average marginal effects (absolute risks and risk differences [RD]).

RESULTS:
Of 958 participants, 61.7% were positive for ≥1 pathogen (rhinovirus was the most prevalent [29.4%]) and 16.9% experienced treatment failure. The presence of any pathogen was not associated with higher baseline severity but with a higher risk of treatment failure (20.7% vs 12.5%; RD = 8.2% [95% confidence interval: 3.3% to 13.1%]) compared to the absence of a pathogen. Nonrhinovirus pathogens were associated with an increased absolute risk (RD) of treatment failure by 13.1% (95% confidence interval: 6.4% to 19.8%), specifically, by 8.8% for respiratory syncytial virus, 24.9% for influenza, and 34.1% for parainfluenza.

CONCLUSIONS:
Although respiratory pathogens were not associated with higher severity on presentation, they were associated with increased treatment failure risk, particularly in the presence of respiratory syncytial virus, influenza, and parainfluenza. This supports influenza prevention in asthmatic children, consideration of pathogen identification on presentation, and exploration of treatment intensification for infected patients at higher risk of treatment failure.
Changes in Latitudes, Differences in Attitudes: Assessing the Distinctiveness of Southern State Legislators
Authors: Turner Joel F. , Lasley Scott , Kash Jeffrey P. 
Published: June 2018

A variety of studies have examined the manner in which motivation effects the decisions made, and the activities engaged in, by politicians. However, one area that seems to have been ignored has been whether there are regional differences among state legislators as it relates to ambition and what, if any, effect it has on the preferences of Southern and non-Southern legislators. Utilizing data from a survey administered to state legislators from all 50 states, we are able to demonstrate that legislators from Southern states exhibit significantly higher levels of progressive ambition than those from non-Southern states, and that this increased level of ambition exerts a significant impact on the types of activities Southern legislators would prefer to spend their time engaging in.
Expanding The Indianapolis Cultural Trail: A Health Impact Assessment
Authors: Yazel-Smith Lisa , Merkley Andrew , Danek Robin , Stone Cynthia 
Published: June 2018

Background
Health Impact Assessments (HIA) are a tool used to measure the effect of policies and/or projects that may influence the health of populations. As a way to increase HIA practitioners, university courses in HIA can benefit both students and community organizations by presenting real-world opportunities for students to conduct HIA while partnering with community organizations or policy makers.

Methods
In order to conduct the rapid HIA to assess the Indiana Cultural Train (ICT) expansion, students in a graduate-level course conducted a five step HIA process of screening, scoping, assessment, recommendations and reporting, and monitoring and evaluating three potential trail expansion routes. Students examined local health data, conducted walkability assessments, and conducted seven key stakeholder interviews to gather data.

Results
The results of data analysis show that the Riley Hospital Drive/Gateway Bridge is the best potential route for expansion due to safety considerations and the impact on the adjacent Ransom Place neighborhood. Six of the seven key informants were in favor of the expansion, with the two most cited reasons being additional space for exercise and recreation and the potential economic impact and connection to local businesses in the area.

Conclusions
The expansion across the proposed Gateway Bridge would combat parking issues associated with expanding the trail through Ransom Place as well as be the safest way to approach the large intersections. With local residents’ concerns of gentrification and safety in mind, the ICT trail expansion could lead to increased health outcomes by offering additional space for exercise, recreation, and active transportation.
PROMATES: Promoción de la matemática en la educación secundaria. Un proyecto de extensión de la Escuela de Matemática del TEC
Authors: Suárez Valdés-Ayala Zuleyka , Meza Cascante Luis Gerardo 
Published: June 2018

PROMATES es un proyecto de extensión de la Escuela de Matemática del Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica (ITCR), iniciado en el año 2015 con el propósito de alcanzar dos objetivos: propiciar la capacitación del profesorado de matemática de educación media en el uso de tecnología en la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de esta disciplina a partir de software libre y favorecer el contacto de estudiantes de la carrera Enseñanza de la matemática con entornos tecnológicos (MATEC) con docentes y estudiantes de la educación secundaria costarricense mediante el desarrollo de actividades lúdicas en los colegios participantes. La pertinencia del proyecto en el contexto educativo costarricense se evidencia en el hecho de que se enmarca en cuatro de los cinco ejes disciplinares contemplados en los nuevos programas de matemática para la educación primaria y secundaria aprobados por el Consejo Superior de Educación en el año 2012. La metodología empleada para el logro del primer objetivo consistió en el desarrollo de talleres, tanto presenciales como virtuales, por espacio de tres meses en cada colegio, en los que los docentes aprendieron el uso de herramientas tecnológicas de utilidad para el desarrollo de procesos de enseñanza y de aprendizaje de la matemática en el aula. La metodología empleada para el logro del segundo objetivo radicó, en conjunto con profesores de los colegios interesados, en el desarrollo de actividades de tipo lúdico durante un día con estudiantes de Ciclo diversificado, en los que participaron estudiantes de la carrera MATEC como ejecutantes y actividades con III Ciclo que diseñaron los docentes de matemática de cada colegio supervisados por los coordinadores del proyecto. Las evaluaciones aplicadas a los docentes participantes expresaron, en su totalidad, que los capacitadores poseen un excelente dominio de la temática. Además, los estudiantes de los colegios participantes piden más actividades como las aplicadas que promuevan actitudes positivas hacia la matemática. En los dos años en que se ha desarrollado el proyecto, han participado 16 colegios de las provincias de Cartago, Heredia, Puntarenas, Alajuela y San José. Este artículo reporta los resultados de la experiencia desarrollada en el 2016.
Avaliação luminosa de elementos de fachada com características fractais
Authors: Mariano Pedro Oscar Pizzetti , Pereira Alice Theresinha Cybis , Vaz Carlos Verzola 
Published: June 2018

Este trabalho aborda a confecção e avaliação de elementos de fachada que utilizam as características da geometria fractal, e tem como objetivo averiguar se estes elementos potencializam a utilização da luz natural. Desta forma, dez elementos de fachadas foram desenvolvidos a partir de regras de fractais lineares, utilizando ferramentas de modelagem tridimensional, paramétricas e plug-ins, que permitissem recriar algumas das regras de composição dos fractais. Esses elementos foram submetidos em uma composição homogênea em um ambiente virtual construído para simulações dinâmicas, sendo avaliados nas orientações Norte e Sul. Seus resultados foram agrupados em planilhas e gráficos, possibilitando uma avaliação individual de cada composição presente nos diferentes elementos. Os resultados encontrados mostraram que os elementos desenvolvidos com as características fractais apresentam respostas diferenciadas para cada elemento e iterações, demonstrando que a utilização desta geometria como uma forma de controle solar, pode potencializar as condições lumínicas do ambiente interno, além de ampliar o leque de alternativas para o design de componentes compositivos para fachadas. Com o algoritmo desenvolvido, também pode-se selecionar os componentes com mais potencialidades para a determinada localidade simulada, permitindo que em futuros estudos ele possa ser alterado em diferentes parâmetros, potencializando suas atribuições como elemento de fachada.