bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current status of eye disorders caused by docetaxel administration every 3 weeks: A case-control study in Japanese patients
Authors: Noguchi Yusuke , Kawashima Yugo , Maruyama Megumi , Kawara Hiroko , Tokuyama Yoko , Uchiyama Kiyoshi , Shimizu Yoshihiro 
Published: August 2019

Purpose Docetaxel is known to cause eye disorders. In this study, current status of eye disorders caused by docetaxel administration every 3 weeks in Japanese patients was examined. Methods This case-control study targeted patients who were newly administered docetaxel at the Kyoto Okamoto Memorial Hospital between 1 July 2015 and 30 June 2018. Eye disorder occurrence was defined as an event in which the pharmacist confirmed the symptoms in a patient interview and the ophthalmologist diagnosed the disorder. Results Of the 89 subjects, 7 (7.9%) had eye disorders. The symptoms were watering eyes (7.9%), a stye and eye discharge (2.2% each), corneal and conjunctival disorder, visual acuity reduction, and blepharedema (1.1% each). Four patients who presented with watering eyes, eye discharge, or corneal and conjunctival disorder showed improvement with the use of eye drops such as artificial tears. Two patients who presented with a stye showed improvement with the use of oral cefcapene. One patient with mild symptoms showed spontaneous improvement. However, one patient had irreversible visual acuity reduction. The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that a cumulative docetaxel dose of ≥300 mg/m2 (odds ratio: 15.50, 95% confidence interval: 1.37–175.00, p = 0.027) and concomitant cyclophosphamide use (odds ratio: 13.20, 95% confidence interval: 1.13–153.00, p = 0.039) were significant risk factors associated with eye disorders. Conclusion In conclusion, it was determined that docetaxel-related eye disorders might be influenced by the cumulative dose of docetaxel and concomitant cyclophosphamide use. In addition, relatively mild symptoms improved with medication.
Paroxetine for the treatment of intractable and persistent cough in patients diagnosed with cancer
Authors: Thakerar Arti , Simadri Karishma , Alexander Marliese , Fullerton Sonia 
Published: August 2019

Introduction Intractable and persistent cough is experienced by more than a third of patients with advanced cancer, with a significant negative impact on quality of life. Pharmacological treatment has been of little help in some patients. Limited evidence suggests novel agents such as paroxetine may reduce cough severity. This retrospective study aimed to assess effectiveness and tolerability of paroxetine for the treatment of intractable cough in patients with cancer. Methods Single-centre medical record review of paroxetine use in patients with advanced malignancy and cough treated at an Australia tertiary referral cancer centre between 1 October 2012 and 1 October 2017. Data relating to cough type and severity, response and adverse events were extracted from medical records. Cough type was described as non-productive dry cough, productive chesty cough or cough exhibiting both non-productive and productive features (mixed cough). Results Overall, 24/34 patients (71%) experienced a major or moderate reduction in their cough severity after treatment with paroxetine. Nearly half (47%) described a major improvement and a quarter (24%) moderate improvement. Of the 34 patients, nearly half had a lung primary cancer (16/34, 47%) and nearly all (17/18) of those without lung cancer had lung metastases from another primary cancer. Patients with dry cough reported greater benefit from paroxetine. Of the 56% (19/34) of patients with non-productive dry cough, 80% (15/19) reported an improvement in symptoms post paroxetine. The remaining 15 patients, 44% of the group, presented with either a productive chesty cough (9/34, 27%) or mixed cough (6/34, 18%). Of these patients, 60% (9/15) reported an improvement in symptoms. Two thirds of patients were commenced on paroxetine 10 mg (22/34, 65%), with the remainder starting at 20 mg (14/34, 35%). Conclusion Paroxetine may be an effective, novel, off-label treatment for intractable and persistent cough in patients with advanced cancer.
Feline asthma and heartworm disease: Clinical features, diagnostics and therapeutics
Authors: Garrity Sarah , Lee-Fowler Tekla , Reinero Carol 
Published: August 2019

Practical relevance: For feline practitioners, the cat with a cough or respiratory distress and thoracic radiographs with a bronchial or bronchointerstitial pattern suggests lower airway disease. Two important differentials, allergic asthma and heartworm disease (HWD), have many overlapping clinicopathologic features, but also clear and important differences in terms of cause and disease progression, treatment and prognosis. Notably, asthma is readily treatable and HWD is preventable. Clinical significance: Feline HWD comprises two clinical syndromes: the comparatively recently described heartworm-associated respiratory disease (HARD) and adult HWD. The former is much more common; very few cats with HARD develop adult HWD. In HARD, following death of immature worms, pulmonary lesions may improve over time (‘self-cure’). Lesions of adult HWD also improve over time as long as reinfection does not occur; however, with death of adult heartworms, mortality is high, and the prognosis is guarded. In asthma, morbidity is relatively high, but mortality is low, with an overall good to excellent prognosis. Disease recognition: Feline asthma is encountered worldwide. In the authors’ impression, feline HWD is often under-recognized. Aims: The aim of this review is to assist clinicians in differentiating feline asthma from feline HWD; as such, the emphasis is on distinguishing clinical features, as well as on diagnostics, therapy and prognosis. In differentiating these conditions, clinicians can attempt the goal of properly managing these diseases and can best educate owners on prognosis. Evidence base: For both feline asthma and feline HWD, the authors have drawn on the available peer-reviewed literature studies involving experimental models as well as spontaneous disease.
Management of feline carpal injuries: What are the options and when is arthrodesis indicated?
Authors: Basa Rachel M , Johnson Kenneth A 
Published: August 2019

Practical relevance: Feline carpal injuries are usually caused by falls from a height that result in hyperextension injury or antebrachiocarpal luxation or subluxation. Isolated ligamentous damage or fracture of the carpus is unusual; it is more common to have a combination of both in the cat. These injuries can be debilitating since cats climb and jump from great heights, and have a greater range of antebrachial pronation and supination than dogs. Anatomy: There are differences in the anatomy of the feline and canine carpus. In particular, cats only have a single short radial collateral ligament, also known as the medial collateral ligament. This means that, in the cat, antebrachiocarpal subluxation is possible with rupture of the dorsal joint capsule and short radial collateral ligament alone. Clinical challenges: Many feline carpal injuries can be treated without performing pancarpal arthrodesis. However, determining which ligaments and joint levels are affected requires careful examination and often stress radiography. When pancarpal arthrodesis is performed in the cat, it has been reported to reduce the height of jumping and to increase reluctance to climb. This is speculated to be due to reduced pronation and supination movement of the carpus. Evidence base: The current evidence base for management of feline carpal injuries is grade III or IV, with most of the studies being retrospective case series involving cadaveric dissection or direct extrapolation from published information about the dog. There are few guidelines regarding the optimal treatment options for carpal injuries in the cat.
American Association of Kidney Patients survey of patient preferences for hemodialysis vascular access
Authors: Balamuthusamy Saravanan , Miller Larry E , Clynes Diana , Kahle Erin , Knight Richard A , Conway Paul T 
Published: August 2019

Objectives: To determine the vascular access modalities used for hemodialysis, the reasons for choosing them, and determinants of satisfaction with vascular access among patients with end-stage renal disease. Methods: The American Association of Kidney Patients Center for Patient Research and Education used the American Association of Kidney Patients patient engagement database to identify eligible adult hemodialysis patients. Participants completed an online survey consisting of 34 demographic, medical history, and hemodialysis history questions to determine which vascular access modalities were preferred and the reasons for these preferences. Results: Among 150 respondents (mean age 54 years, 53% females), hemodialysis was most frequently initiated with central venous catheter (64%) while the most common currently used vascular access was arteriovenous fistula (66%). Most (86%) patients previously received an arteriovenous fistula, among whom 77% currently used the arteriovenous fistula for vascular access. Older patients and males were more likely to initiate hemodialysis with an arteriovenous fistula. The factors most frequently reported as important in influencing the selection of vascular access modality included infection risk (87%), physician recommendation (84%), vascular access durability (78%), risk of complications involving surgery (76%), and impact on daily activities (73%); these factors were influenced by patient age, sex, and race. Satisfaction with current vascular access was 90% with arteriovenous fistula, 79% with arteriovenous graft, and 67% with central venous catheter. Conclusion: Most end-stage renal disease patients continue to initiate hemodialysis with central venous catheter despite being associated with the lowest satisfaction rates. While arteriovenous fistula was associated with the highest satisfaction rate, there are significant barriers to adoption that vary based on patient demographics and perception of procedure invasiveness.
Beyond acute stroke: Rate of stroke transfers to a tertiary centre following the implementation of a dedicated inpatient teleneurology network
Authors: Al Kasab Sami , Almallouhi Eyad , Debenham Ellen , Turner Nancy , Simpson Kit N , Holmstedt Christine A 
Published: August 2019

Introduction This study evaluated the impact of establishing an inpatient teleneurology consultation service alongside an already established telestroke network on the stroke transfers to the hub. The study also aimed to assess the financial impact of establishing this network. Methods Prospectively collected data on all stroke patients evaluated through our telestroke and teleneurology networks between January 2008 and March 2018 were interrogated. For all spokes (eight sites) that had both teleneurology and telestroke services, we compared the rate of transfers to the hub before and after the establishment of the teleneurology network in August 2014. The cost reduction was estimated using the Medicare 5% standard analytic files. Results A total of 4296 stroke patients were evaluated during the study period. Of these, 2493 were seen before and 1803 were seen after the implementation of the teleneurology network at the included sites. Patients in the pre-teleneurology group were older (66.4 years ( SD = 14.7 years) vs. 67.8 years ( SD = 15.1 years); p = 0.002). Otherwise, there were no differences in baseline characteristics. Patients in the pre-teleneurology group were more likely to be transferred to the telestroke hub (29.4% vs. 20.2%; p < 0.001). The estimated mean cost reduction for each one minus the cost of transfer was estimated to be US$4997. Discussion The implementation of an inpatient teleneurology network was associated with a significant reduction in the transfer rate of stroke patients to hospitals with a higher level of care and could lead to a significant cost reduction.
System-integrated technology-enabled model of care (SINEMA) to improve the health of stroke patients in rural China: Statistical analysis plan for a cluster-randomized controlled trial
Authors: Gong Enying , Yan Lijing L , McCormack Kara , Gallis John A , Bettger Janet Prvu , Turner Elizabeth L 
Published: August 2019

Background The system-integrated technology-enabled model of care (SINEMA) trial aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a community-based multi-component intervention for secondary prevention of stroke in rural China. Objective To present the detailed statistical analysis plan for the trial prior to database locking and data analysis. Methods The detailed analysis plan outlines primary and secondary outcome measures, describes the over-arching data analysis principles to be adopted as well as more detailed descriptions of specific analytical approaches for effectiveness analyses, as well strategies to handle missing outcome data. Discussion Publication of the statistical analysis plan increases the transparency of the data analysis procedure and reduces potential bias in trial reporting. Trial registration The trial was registered with clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03185858).
TRIAGE-STROKE: Treatment strategy In Acute larGE vessel occlusion: Prioritize IV or endovascular treatment—A randomized trial
Authors: Behrndtz Anne , Johnsen Søren P , Valentin Jan B , Gude Martin F , Blauenfeldt Rolf A , Andersen Grethe , Majoie Charles BLM , Fisher Marc , Simonsen Claus Z 
Published: August 2019

Rationale For patients with acute ischemic stroke and large vessel occlusions, intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular therapy are standard of care, but the effect of endovascular therapy is superior to intravenous thrombolysis. If a severe stroke with symptoms indicating large vessel occlusions occurs in the catchment area of a primary stroke center, there is equipoise regarding optimal transport strategy. Aim For patients presenting with suspected large vessel occlusions (PASS ≥ 2) and a final diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke, we hypothesize that bypassing the primary stroke center will result in an improved 90-day functional outcome. Sample size We aim to randomize 600 patients, 1:1. Design A national investigator-driven, multi-center, randomized assessor-blinded clinical trial. The Prehospital Acute Stroke Severity Scale has been developed. It identifies most patients with large vessel occlusions in the pre-hospital setting. Patients without a contraindication for intravenous thrombolysis are randomized to either transport directly to a comprehensive stroke centers for intravenous thrombolysis and of endovascular therapy or to a primary stroke center for intravenous thrombolysis and subsequent transport to a comprehensive stroke centers for of endovascular therapy, if needed. Outcomes The primary outcome will be the 90-day modified Rankin Scale score (mRS) for all patients with acute ischemic stroke. Secondary outcomes include 90-day mRS for all randomized patients, all patients with ischemic stroke but without large vessel occlusions, and patients with hemorrhagic stroke. The safety outcomes include severe dependency or death and time to intravenous thrombolysis for ischemic stroke patients. Discussion Study results will influence decision making regarding transport strategy for patients with suspected large vessel occlusions.
Comparison of Bond Strength of Monolithic CAD-CAM Materials to Resin Cement Using Different Surface Treatment Methods
Authors: Cinar Sevki , Altan Bike , Akgungor Gokhan 
Published: August 2019

Objective: To compare the bond strength of monolithic CAD-CAM materials to resin cement using different surface treatment methods. Materials and Methods: Lithium disilicate glass ceramic (IPS e-max CAD), zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic (Vita Suprinity), resin nanoceramic (Lava Ultimate), and hybrid ceramic (Vita Enamic) were used. Five groups of CAD-CAM blocks were treated as follows: control (C), HF etching (HF), HF etching + silanization (HF + S), sandblasting (SB), and sandblasting + silanization (SB + S). After surface treatments, SEM analyses were conducted. Specimens were cemented with self-adhesive resin cement (Theracem) and stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 h. Shear bond strength (SBS) was measured, and failure types were categorized. Results were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and the post-hoc Tukey test. Results: Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between SBS values obtained for different surface treatments and CAD-CAM block types ( P < .001). Among the CAD-CAM materials, the highest SBS was reported in the HF + S group for Vita Enamic. Although IPS e.max CAD, Vita Suprinity, and Vita Enamic showed higher bond strength when treated with HF + S, Lava Ultimate has the highest bond strength value when treated with SB + S. Conclusions: The bond strength of CAD-CAM materials was influenced by surface treatment. Additionally, silanization significantly improved the bond strength of all materials except Lava Ultimate.
A Definition of Significant Instability and a Scoring System for Predicting Meniscal Tears in ACL-Deficient Knees
Authors: Joshi Amit , Singh Nagmani , Pradhan Ishor , Basukala Bibek , Banskota Ashok Kumar 
Published: August 2019

Background: Patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)–deficient knees risk recurrent instability of the affected knee, which may predispose to meniscal injuries. Various studies have correlated the incidence of meniscal tear with elapsed time from ACL tear and number of instability events. However, it is not clear how significant an instability event needs to be to contribute to a meniscal tear. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to (1) define a significant instability episode and (2) develop a checklist and scoring system for predicting meniscal tears based on significant instability episode. We hypothesized that patients with ACL-deficient knees who met the scoring threshold for a significant instability episode would have a higher incidence of meniscal tears compared with those who did not meet the threshold. Study Design: Cohort study (prognosis); Level of evidence, 2. Methods: This retrospective study included patients with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)–confirmed isolated ACL tear for longer than 3 months. We determined parameters for assessing instability episodes and defined any instability events between the MRI and ACL reconstruction as significant or insignificant. Patients were then grouped into a significant instability group (≥1 significant episode) and an insignificant instability group, and the incidence and types of meniscal tears found during surgery were compared between groups. Results: There were 108 study patients: 62 in the significant instability group and 46 in the insignificant instability group. During surgery, 58 meniscal tears (46 medial, 12 lateral) were recorded, for an overall meniscal injury rate of 53.70%. In the significant instability group, 47 patients (75.81%) had a meniscal tear and 15 (24.19%) had intact menisci ( P < .001). In the insignificant instability group, 11 patients (23.91%) had a meniscal tear and 35 (76.08%) had intact menisci ( P < .001). Regarding the 58 patients with a meniscal tear, 47 (81.03%) had ≥1 significant episode of instability before surgery, as compared with 11 (18.97%) who had insignificant or no instability. The odds of having a medial meniscal tear at ACL reconstruction was 10 times higher in the significant instability group versus the insignificant instability group. Conclusion: The incidence of a medial meniscal tear was 10 times greater in patients with a significant episode of instability versus those with insignificant instability, as defined using a predictive scoring system. The incidence of lateral meniscal tear did not change with instability episodes.
Comparison of Simulated Surgical Skills Using Different Camera Aperture Settings for Digitally Assisted Vitreoretinal Surgery
Authors: González-Saldivar Gerardo , Chow David R. 
Published: August 2019

Purpose: This cross-sectional, randomized, single-blinded study evaluates simulated surgical skills during digitally assisted vitreoretinal surgery (DAVS) with different camera aperture settings to determine maximal surgical performance and preference. Methods: Fifteen retina fellows performed 3 different surgical simulator tests with a DAVS visualization system. To evaluate maximal surgical performance and preference, DAVS was evaluated at different camera apertures (30% and 75%) with a fixed magnification (12×) and television (TV) viewing distance (1.2 m [4 ft]). Comparisons were made of the time needed to complete each test as well as the number of errors. At the end of the 3 tests, participants were asked for their camera aperture preference. Results: The time it took to perform each simulated surgical test was significantly less with the 30% aperture than with the 75% aperture ( P = .036). Furthermore, the number of errors made with the 30% aperture was always less than with the 75% aperture ( P = .009). After completing all tests, evaluation of surgeon preference for camera aperture settings showed that 83% of the participants preferred the 30% aperture over the 75% aperture. Conclusions: Optimization of DAVS parameters directly influences surgical performance. A 30% camera aperture in DAVS outperforms larger camera apertures, not only in depth of field and lateral resolution values, but also in simulated surgical skills. A smaller number of errors, as well as less time needed to complete tests, was achieved with these settings. We suggest that the optimal settings for DAVS enhancement are a 30% camera aperture and a TV viewing distance of 1.2 m.
Does Minocycline Improve Recovery After Acute Ischemic Stroke?
Authors: Singh Rajinder , Augustin Sherwin Joy , Jane Marlie , Cheong Jocelyn M. Y. , Haur Lee Sze , Choo Tai Bee 
Published: August 2019

Objective: We assessed the efficacy of minocycline in improving outcomes in acute ischemic stroke patients. Method: This was a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, where acute ischemic stroke patients were randomized to either oral minocycline or placebo within 3 to 48 hours of symptom onset. The primary endpoint was the modified Rankin (mRS) score at day 90. Secondary outcomes included the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores, the Barthel index, and vascular outcomes at day 90. Results: A total of 139 subjects (73.4% male; mean age 62 [range 19-88] years) were randomized to receive minocycline (n = 69) or placebo (n = 70). At day 90, no significant difference was noted in the proportion of subjects given minocycline with mRS score ≤1 compared to placebo (56% versus 51%). The odds ratio of favorable outcome in the minocycline group compared to placebo was 1.20 (95% CI [0.58, 2.47], P = 0.60). No difference was recorded between the 2 groups in secondary outcomes of the NIHSS score (OR 1.11: 95% CI [0.98, 2.54]), the Barthel index (OR 0.78: 95% CI [0.33, 1.86]), or vascular events (OR 2.09 95% CI [0.29, 23.77]). A planned interim analysis was performed after approximately half the subjects reached the primary endpoint. The data and safety monitoring board recommended ending the trial for futility after determining that it was highly unlikely for minocycline to show significant efficacy over placebo in improving functional outcomes at day 90 if all subjects were randomized. No safety concerns were identified. Interpretation: Oral minocycline administered for acute ischemic stroke was ineffective in improving functional outcomes.