bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Iron‐Enabled Utilization of Air as the Terminal Oxidant Leading to Aerobic Oxidative Deoximation by Organoselenium Catalysis
Authors: Chen Chao , Zhang Xu , Cao Hongen , Wang Fang , Yu Lei , Xu Qing 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn contrast to conventional organoselenium‐catalyzed oxidation reactions that require peroxide oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide, in this work we found that, addition of a low loading of iron (II) could enable the successful utilization of air as the terminal oxidant in organoselenium‐catalyzed oxidative deoximation reaction of ketoximes. This led to a new mild and relatively green aerobic oxidative deoximation method. Control reactions and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis suggest that iron is crucial in the catalytic cycle, working to prohibit the deactivation of selenium catalyst through an iron‐catalyzed aerobic oxidation of low valent selenium species by air to the active high valent selenium species. Since air can be utilized as the terminal oxidant, this work may contribute to the advance of organoselenium catalysis.magnified image
Solvent‐Mediated Li2S Electrodeposition: A Critical Manipulator in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Li Zhejun , Zhou Yucun , Wang Yu , Lu Yi‐Chun 
Published: November 2018

AbstractControlling electrochemical deposition of lithium sulfide (Li2S) is a major challenge in lithium–sulfur batteries as premature Li2S passivation leads to low sulfur utilization and low rate capability. In this work, the solvent's roles in controlling solid Li2S deposition are revealed, and quantitative solvent‐mediated Li2S growth models as guides to solvent selection are developed. It is shown that Li2S electrodeposition is controlled by electrode kinetics, Li2S solubility, and the diffusion of polysulfide/Li2S, which is dictated by solvent's donicity, polarity, and viscosity, respectively. These solvent‐controlled properties are essential factors pertaining to the sulfur utilization, energy efficiency and reversibility of lithium–sulfur batteries. It is further demonstrated that the solvent selection criteria developed in this study are effective in guiding the search for new and more effective electrolytes, providing effective screening and design criteria for computational and experimental electrolyte development for lithium–sulfur batteries.
Deactivating Defects in Graphenes with Al2O3 Nanoclusters to Produce Long‐Life and High‐Rate Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Lin Qiaowei , Zhang Jun , Kong Debin , Cao Tengfei , Zhang Si‐Wei , Chen Xiangrong , Tao Ying , Lv Wei , Kang Feiyu , Yang Quan‐Hong 
Published: November 2018

AbstractCarbon materials are the most promising anodes for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs), but low initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE) and poor cyclic stability hinder their practical use. It is shown herein, that an effective but simple remedy for these problems can be achieved by deactivating defects in the carbon with Al2O3 nanocluster coverage. A 3D porous graphene monolith (PGM) is used as the model material and Al2O3 nanoclusters around 1 nm are grown on the defects of graphene. It is shown that these Al2O3 nanoclusters suppress the decomposition of conductive sodium salt in the electrolyte, resulting in the formation of a thin and homogenous solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). In addition, Al2O3 nanoclusters appear to reduce the detrimental etching of the SEI by hydrogen fluoride (HF) and improve its stability. Therefore, after the introduction of Al2O3 nanoclusters, the ICE, cyclic stability, and rate capability of the PGM are greatly improved. A higher ICE (70.2%) and capacity retention (82.9% after 500 cycles at 0.5 A g−1) than those of normally reported for large surface area carbons are achieved. This work indicates a new way to deactivate defects and modify the SEI of carbon materials, and hopefully accelerate the commercialization of carbon materials as anode materials for SIBs.
A Mixed‐methods Comparison of Participant and Observer Learner Roles in Simulation Education
Authors: Bullard Mark J. , Weekes Anthony J. , Cordle Randolph J. , Fox Sean M. , Wares Catherine M. , Heffner Alan C. , Howley Lisa D. , Navedo Deborah 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundTraditional simulation‐based education prioritizes participation in simulated scenarios. The educational impact of observation in simulation‐based education compared with participation remains uncertain. Our objective was to compare the performances of observers and participants in a standardized simulation scenario.MethodsWe assessed learning differences between simulation‐based scenario participation and observation using a convergent, parallel, quasi‐experimental, mixed‐methods study of 15 participants and 15 observers (N = 30). Fifteen first‐year residents from six medical specialties were evaluated during a simulated scenario (cardiac arrest due to critical hyperkalemia). Evaluation included predefined critical actions and performance assessments. In the first exposure to the simulation scenario, participants and observers underwent a shared postevent debriefing with predetermined learning objectives. Three months later, a follow‐up assessment using the same case scenario evaluated all 30 learners as participants. Wilcoxon signed rank and Wilcoxon rank sum tests were used to compare participants and observers at 3‐month follow‐up. In addition, we used case study methodology to explore the nature of learning for participants and observers. Data were triangulated using direct observations, reflective field notes, and a focus group.ResultsQuantitative data analysis comparing the learners’ first and second exposure to the investigation scenario demonstrated participants’ time to calcium administration as the only statistically significant difference between participant and observer roles (316 seconds vs. 200 seconds, p = 0.0004). Qualitative analysis revealed that both participation and observation improved learning, debriefing was an important component to learning, and debriefing closed the learning gap between observers and participants.ConclusionsParticipants and observers had similar performances in simulation‐based learning in an isolated scenario of cardiac arrest due to hyperkalemia. Findings support current limited literature that observation should not be underestimated as an important opportunity to enhance simulation‐based education. When paired with postevent debriefing, scenario observers and participants may reap similar educational benefits.
Attributable risk of Alzheimer's dementia attributed to age‐related neuropathologies
Authors: Boyle Patricia A. , Yu Lei , Leurgans Sue E. , Wilson Robert S. , Brookmeyer Ron , Schneider Julie A. , Bennett David A. 
Published: November 2018

ObjectiveThe degree to which Alzheimer's versus other neuropathologies contribute to the risk of Alzheimer's dementia is unknown. We examined the risk of Alzheimer's dementia attributable to pathologic AD and 8 other neuropathologies.MethodsParticipants (n = 1,161) came from 2 clinical‐pathological studies of aging. Multivariable logistic regression models examined associations of 8 neuropathological indices with Alzheimer's dementia and quantified the percentage of cases attributable to each. Furthermore, because some dementia cases are not driven by common neuropathologies, we re‐estimated the attributable risks after empirically adjusting for such cases.ResultsOf 1,161 persons, 512 (44.1%) had Alzheimer's dementia at time of death. With the exception of microinfarcts, all neuropathological indices were independently associated with greater odds of Alzheimer's dementia. Two hundred ten (41.0%) Alzheimer's dementia cases were attributable to pathological AD. Separately, 8.9% were attributable to macroscopic infarcts, 10.8% to Lewy bodies, 5.2% to hippocampal sclerosis, 11.7% to transactive response DNA‐binding protein 43, 8.1% to cerebral amyloid angiopathy, 6.0% to atherosclerosis, and 5.2% to arteriolosclerosis. A total of 83.3% of cases were attributable to all 8 indices combined. However, after further adjustment for cases driven by other factors, a total of 67.5% of cases were attributable to all 8 neuropathologic indices combined.InterpretationPathological AD accounts for a considerable percentage of Alzheimer's dementia cases, but multiple other neuropathologies also contribute. In total, just over two‐thirds of Alzheimer's dementia cases are attributable to common age‐related neuropathologies, suggesting that other disease and resilience factors are important. ANN NEUROL 2019;85:114–124.
Proepicardium: Current Understanding of its Structure, Induction, and Fate
Authors: Niderla‐BieliŃska Justyna , Jankowska‐Steifer Ewa , Flaht‐Zabost Aleksandra , Gula Grzegorz , Czarnowska Elżbieta , Ratajska Anna 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTThe proepicardium (PE) is a transitory extracardiac embryonic structure which plays a crucial role in cardiac morphogenesis and delivers various cell lineages to the developing heart. The PE arises from the lateral plate mesoderm (LPM) and is present in all vertebrate species. During development, mesothelial cells of the PE reach the naked myocardium either as free‐floating aggregates in the form of vesicles or via a tissue bridge; subsequently, they attach to the myocardium and, finally, form the third layer of a mature heart—the epicardium. After undergoing epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) some of the epicardial cells migrate into the myocardial wall and differentiate into fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, and possibly other cell types. Despite many recent findings, the molecular pathways that control not only proepicardial induction and differentiation but also epicardial formation and epicardial cell fate are poorly understood. Knowledge about these events is essential because molecular mechanisms that occur during embryonic development have been shown to be reactivated in pathological conditions, for example, after myocardial infarction, during hypertensive heart disease or other cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, in this review we intended to summarize the current knowledge about PE formation and structure, as well as proepicardial cell fate in animals commonly used as models for studies on heart development. Anat Rec, 302:893–903, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Bifurcation control of small‐world networks with delays VIA PID controller
Authors: Tao Binbin , Xiao Min , Jiang Guoping , Sun Qingshan 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn this paper, the problem of bifurcation control for a small‐world network model with time delay is studied. We first put forward a Proportional‐Integral‐Derivative (PID) feedback scheme to control the Hopf bifurcation of the network. The time delay is selected as the bifurcation parameter. The conditions of the stability and Hopf bifurcation are given for the controlled network. By using the center manifold theorem and the normal form theory, the direction and stability of bifurcating periodic solutions are confirmed. The feasible region of the parameters of the controller is determined. It is found that the bifurcation dynamics of the small‐world network are optimized by adjusting the parameters of the PID controller. Finally, a numerical example verifies the effectiveness of the designed PID controller, and the relationships between the onset of the Hopf bifurcation and the control parameters are obtained.
A UFLC–MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of eight bioactive constituents from red wine and dealcoholized red wine in rat plasma: Application to a comparative pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Bai Shuang , Li Pei , Liu Jing , Cui Can , Li Qing , Bi Kaishun 
Published: November 2018

AbstractTo explore whether alcohol has an effect on the pharmacokinetic behavior of phenolic acids, the main bioactive constituents in red wine, a highly sensitive and simple ultra‐fast liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UFLC–MS/MS) method was developed for simultaneous quantitation of eight phenolic acids in plasma samples. Plasma samples were extracted by liquid–liquid extraction and the chromatographic separation was achieved on a Zorbax SB‐C18 column within 7.0 min. Results of the validated method revealed that all of the calibration curves displayed good linear regression (r > 0.99). The intra‐ and inter‐day precisions of the analytes were <14.0% and accuracies ranged from −8.5 to 7.3%. The extraction recoveries of the analytes were from 71.2 to 110.2% and the matrix effects ranged from 86.2 to 105.5%. The stability of these compounds under various conditions satisfied the requirements of biological sample measurement. The method was successfully applied to a comparative pharmacokinetic study of phenolic acids in rat plasma. For gallic acid and gentisic acid, the parameters AUC0–t and AUC0–∞ increased remarkably (p < 0.05) after oral administration of red wine, which suggested that alcohol might enhance their absorption. This is the first report to compare the pharmacokinetic behavior of phenolic acids in red wine and dealcoholized red wine.
Effect of prior stroke on long‐term outcomes of percutaneous coronary interventions in Chinese patients: A large single‐center study
Authors: Xu Jing‐Jing , Song Ying , Jiang Ping , Gao Zhan , Li Jian‐Xin , Chen Jue , Yang Yue‐Jin , Gao Run‐Lin , Xu Bo , Yuan Jin‐Qing 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the effect of prior stroke on long‐term outcomes in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI).BackgroundPatients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and prior stroke history have more serious clinical and angiographic conditions, which make the choice of treatment strategy complex.MethodsA total of 10,724 consecutive patients who underwent PCI from January 2013 to December 2013 were enrolled. 2‐Year clinical outcomes between patients with prior stroke (n = 1150) and those with no prior stroke (n =9574) were compared.ResultsThe proportion of patients with prior stroke was 10.72%. These patients had higher clinical risks (age, sex, and cardiovascular risk factors) and more extensive coronary disease (higher pre‐PCI and residual SYNTAX scores). During the 2‐year follow‐up, patients with prior stroke had a higher incidence of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), all‐cause death, stent thrombosis and stroke than those without prior stroke (14.3% vs. 11.8%, p = 0.02; 2.3% vs. 1.1%, p < 0.01; 1.6% vs. 0.8%, p < 0.01; 3.3% vs. 1.1%, p < 0.01, respectively). Multivariable regression analyses identified a positive association between prior stroke and risk of stroke (HR = 2.07, 95%CI: 1.35–3.19, p < 0.01). Propensity score matched analyses (962 pairs) indicated that the only primary end point that differed in incidence between the groups was stroke and prior stroke was the only independent predictor of stroke (HR = 2.31, 95%CI: 1.20–4.45, p = 0.01).ConclusionsPrior stroke history was the only predictor of risk of post‐PCI stroke. The noncerebrovascular adverse events were not increased after adjusted analyses of baseline characteristics and propensity analyses.
Die Polei‐Minze im Wandel der Zeiten
Authors: Prasse Agneta , Munzert Viola , José Elena , Zeller Klaus‐Peter , Siehl Hans‐Ullrich , Berger Stefan , Sicker D. 
Published: November 2018

ZusammenfassungDas monocyclische Monoterpenketon (R)‐(+)‐Pulegon ist Hauptbestandteil des ätherischen Öls der Polei‐Minze (Flohkraut). Die Aufklärung der Struktur über die Etappen Summenformel, Konstitution und absolute Konfiguration zwischen 1891–1929 wird beschrieben. Früher wurde Polei‐Minze als Allheilmittel, Gewürz und gegen Flöhe eingesetzt. Heute wird von der Aufnahme des Inhaltsstoffs Pulegon abgeraten, denn Pulegon bildet im Metabolismus giftige Metaboliten. Das durch Wasserdampfdestillation gut zugängliche Poleiöl ist ein geschätzter Lieferant für (R)‐(+)‐Pulegon. Es stellt einen wertvollen enantiomerenreinen Baustein aus dem chiral pool der Natur für die Synthese chiraler Verbindungen dar. Alle Spektren des Pulegons eignen sich zum Üben spektroskopischer Interpretationen. Dieser Artikel setzt die Reihe zur Isolierung und Spektroskopie von Naturstoffen fort und beruht auf einer Bachelorarbeit. Er ergänzt die Kapitel des Buchs “Classics in Spectroscopy” von S. Berger und D. Sicker (Wiley‐VCH 2009).
Organizational model and reactions to alerts in remote monitoring of cardiac implantable electronic devices: A survey from the Home Monitoring Expert Alliance project
Authors: Zanotto Gabriele , D'Onofrio Antonio , Della Bella Paolo , Solimene Francesco , Pisanò Ennio C. , Iacopino Saverio , Dondina Cristina , Giacopelli Daniele , Gargaro Alessio , Ricci Renato P. 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundThis survey aimed to describe the organizational workflow of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) remote monitoring (RM) service in ordinary practice.MethodsA questionnaire was designed for our purpose and completed by 49 sites participating to the Italian Home Monitoring Expert Alliance.ResultsA dedicated organizational model for RM was set up for 86% of centers. The median RM team consisted of 2 (Interquartile range [IQR]: 1‐3) physicians and 1 (IQR: 0‐2) nurse. RM service was available in working hours and the median percentage of patients included was 100% (IQR: 10%‐100%) for implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD) and cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) recipients and 5% (IQR:0%‐30%) for pacemakers. In‐office follow‐up was performed every 12 and 6 months for pacemaker and ICD/CRT recipients, respectively. More than 90% of sites used to activate all technical alerts, with a prompt reaction in case of an out‐of‐range parameter. The threshold for atrial fibrillation (AF) daily burden notification in most cases ranged from 2.4 to 7.2 hours. All ventricular arrhythmias alerts were usually switched on: an inappropriate therapy or more than one appropriate episode triggered an urgent in‐hospital visit. Concerning heart failure, low CRT percentage pacing alert was always used, while the other available notifications were less frequently switched on.ConclusionsThis survey showed that RM service was usually set up with a primary nursing model including on average two responsible physicians and one nurse and mainly offered to ICD/CRT patients. Technical, AF and ventricular arrhythmia alerts triggered prompt reactions, while heart failure related indexes were generally less applied.
Platelet inhibition to target reperfusion injury trial: Rationale and study design
Authors: Bulluck Heerajnarain , Chan Mervyn H. H. , Bryant Jennifer A. , Chai Ping , Chawla Ashish , Chua Terrance S. , Chung Yiu‐Cho , Fei Gao , Ho Hee H. , Ho Andrew F. W. , Hoe Andrew J. , Imran Syed S. , Lee Chi‐Hang , Lim Swee H. , Liew Boon W. , Yun Patrick L. Z. , Hock Marcus O. E. , Paradies Valeria , Roe Matthew T. , Teo Lynette , Wong Aaron S. , Wong Evelyn , Wong Philip E. , Watson Timothy , Chan Mark Y. , Tan Jack W. , Hausenloy Derek J. 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundIn ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI), current oral P2Y12 platelet inhibitors do not provide maximal platelet inhibition at the time of reperfusion. Furthermore, administration of cangrelor prior to reperfusion has been shown in pre‐clinical studies to reduce myocardial infarct (MI) size. Therefore, we hypothesize that cangrelor administered prior to reperfusion in STEMI patients will reduce the incidence of microvascular obstruction (MVO) and limit MI size in STEMI patients treated with PPCI.MethodsThe platelet inhibition to target reperfusion injury (PITRI) trial, is a phase 2A, multi‐center, double‐blinded, randomized controlled trial, in which 210 STEMI patients will be randomized to receive either an intravenous (IV) bolus of cangrelor (30 μg/kg) followed by a 120‐minute infusion (4 μg/kg/min) or matching saline placebo, initiated prior to reperfusion (NCT03102723).ResultsThe study started in October 2017 and the anticipated end date would be July 2020. The primary end‐point will be MI size quantified by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) on day 3 post‐PPCI. Secondary endpoints will include markers of reperfusion, incidence of MVO, MI size, and adverse left ventricular remodeling at 6 months, and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events.SummaryThe aim of the PITRI trial is to assess whether cangrelor administered prior to reperfusion would reduce acute MI size and MVO, as assessed by CMR.
Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 mutations, 2‐hydroxyglutarate levels, and response to standard chemotherapy for patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Brunner Andrew M. , Neuberg Donna S. , Wander Seth A. , Sadrzadeh Hossein , Ballen Karen K. , Amrein Philip C. , Attar Eyal , Hobbs Gabriela S. , Chen Yi‐Bin , Perry Ashley , Connolly Christine , Joseph Christelle , Burke Meghan , Ramos Aura , Galinsky Ilene , Yen Katharine , Yang Hua , Straley Kimberly , Agresta Sam , Adamia Sophia , Borger Darrell R. , Iafrate Anthony , Graubert Timothy A. , Stone Richard M. , Fathi Amir T. 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells harboring mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) and isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2) produce the oncometabolite 2‐hydroxyglutarate (2HG). This study prospectively evaluated the 2HG levels, IDH1/2 mutational status, and outcomes of patients receiving standard chemotherapy for newly diagnosed AML.MethodsSerial samples of serum, urine, and bone marrow aspirates were collected from patients newly diagnosed with AML, and 2HG levels were measured with mass spectrometry. Patients with baseline serum 2HG levels greater than 1000 ng/mL or marrow pellet 2HG levels greater than 1000 ng/2 × 106 cells, which suggested the presence of an IDH1/2 mutation, underwent serial testing. IDH1/2 mutations and estimated variant allele frequencies were identified. AML characteristics were compared with the Wilcoxon test and Fisher’s exact test. Disease‐free survival and overall survival (OS) were evaluated with log‐rank tests and Cox regression.ResultsTwo hundred and two patients were treated for AML; 51 harbored IDH1/2 mutations. IDH1/2‐mutated patients had significantly higher 2HG levels in serum, urine, bone marrow aspirates, and aspirate cell pellets than wild‐type patients. A serum 2HG level greater than 534.5 ng/mL was 98.8% specific for the presence of an IDH1/2 mutation. Patients with IDH1/2‐mutated AML treated with 7+3‐based induction had a 2‐year event‐free survival (EFS) rate of 44% and a 2‐year OS rate of 57%. There was no difference in complete remission rates, EFS, or OS between IDH1/2‐mutated and wild‐type patients. Decreased serum 2HG levels on day 14 as a proportion of the baseline were significantly associated with improvements in EFS (P = .047) and OS (P = .019) in a multivariate analysis.ConclusionsAmong patients with IDH1/2‐mutated AML, 2HG levels are highly specific for the mutational status at diagnosis, and they have prognostic relevance in patients receiving standard chemotherapy.
Pre‐Processing MALDI/TOF Mass Spectra by Using Geena 2
Authors: Romano P. , Profumo A. , Facchiano A. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractGeena 2 is a tool for filtering, averaging, and aligning MALDI/TOF mass spectra, designed to assist scientists in the analysis of high volumes of data and support them for comparative studies. Three web interfaces are available with different levels of complexity. In this manuscript, we explain how to use Geena 2 with these three interfaces to perform analyses of one's own data. Two support protocols showing how to check the example input file and how to create an input file with own data are also presented. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.