bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Engineering Cyber‐Physical Swarms with Collaborative Modelling
Authors: Pierce Ken , Gamble Carl , Fitzgerald John , Zervakis Georgios 
Published: August 2018

AbstractA major challenge in the engineering of cyber‐physical systems (CPSs), such as swarms of autonomous UAVs, is the need for engineers from multiple disciplines to collaborate as early as possible in the design phase. Model‐based design is a well‐established systems engineering technique, but separate disciplines often have separate formalisms, tools and even vocabularies. An emerging approach is to combine individual models from these domains into holistic system models called collaborative models (or co‐models), which can be analysed through, for example, co‐simulation. This paper reports on the application of the INTO‐CPS tool chain, which supports such a collaborative modelling approach, to the design of a swarm of UAVs. Three engineers were involved in the modelling process, and were able to produce component models in familiar tools which were then integrated and analysed as a holistic system model using INTO‐CPS.
Extending Formal Modeling for Resilient Systems Design
Authors: Madni Azad M. , Sievers Michael , Ordoukhanian Edwin , Madni Ayesha , Pouya Parisa 
Published: August 2018

AbstractResilience is a much‐needed characteristic in systems that are expected to operate in uncertain environments for extended periods with a high likelihood of disruptive events. Resilience approaches today employ ad hoc methods and piece‐meal solutions that are difficult to verify and test, and do not scale. Furthermore, it is difficult to assess the long‐term impact of such ad hoc “resilience solutions.” This paper presents a flexible contract‐based approach that employs a combination of formal methods for verification and testing and flexible assertions and probabilistic modeling to handle uncertainty during mission execution. A flexible contract (FC) is a hybrid modeling construct that facilitates system verification and testing while offering the requisite flexibility to cope with non‐determinism. This paper illustrates the use of FCs for multi‐UAV swarm control in, partially observable, dynamic environments. However, the approach is sufficiently general for use in other domains such as self‐driving vehicle and adaptive power/energy grids.
Development Concepts of Smart Service System‐based Smart Factory (4SF)
Authors: Lee Heeje , Lee Joongyoon 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe concept of Smart Factory, a new paradigm in manufacturing industry, has emerged and is expanding exponentially. This shift is apparent in new IT such as Cyber Physical Systems (CPS), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Cloud Computing. Varieties of Smart Factory architecture applying these technologies are already widespread. However, most of the widespread architecture only define manufacturing levels from Level 0 (Physical Processing) to Level 4 (Business Logistics Systems) and specify services that are provided between them. These technical specifications do not guide the development processes and do not provide the architecture to implement Smart Factory infrastructure within existing factory. In this paper, we propose Smart Service System‐based Smart Factory (4SF) architecture that can be utilized without major changes to existing systems by using “add‐on” concepts of Smart Factory. Furthermore, we applied Systems Engineering process to enable system design based on requirements in manufacturing industry using an operational, system and technology model. Finally, these concepts were applied to a steel plate plant to show practical potential of Smart Service System‐based Smart Factory.
A Conceptual Model of Systems Engineering
Authors: Natarajan Swaminathan , Kumar Anand , Chaudhuri Subhrojyoti Roy , Nori Kesav , Kasturi Viswanath , Choppella Venkatesh 
Published: August 2018

AbstractSystems engineering is widely perceived as an empirical discipline, with a need for theoretical foundations that can facilitate reasoning about practice. This is an attempt to help build such foundations by systems‐theoretic inquiry into the nature of the relationship between knowledge and engineering. We conceptualize this relationship in terms of four worlds: the real world, the world of systems models, a world of aspect knowledge, and a world of wholes knowledge: knowledge that indicates how aspects come together and also how wholes relate to each other. This leads us to a generative understanding of systems engineering: synthesizing aspects to develop blocks; and generating the network of blocks that form a system, through recursive performance of three activities: decomposition, dependency closure and refinement. The problem of systems engineering practice involves augmenting this core with the concerns of problem formulation, design of the supporting ecosystem, and the need for closing gaps between the model world and real world. We derive some initial confidence in the validity and value of this strawman model by examining its ability to explain some aspects of current systems engineering practice, and the insights it provides into how we can integrate system modeling across knowledge domains.
Modeling Inference Enterprises Using Multiple Interoperating Models
Authors: Laskey Kathryn Blackmond , Zaidi Abbas , Buede Dennis , Imran Muhammad , Huang Edward , Brown David , Yousefi Bahram , Matsumoto Shou 
Published: August 2018

AbstractA methodology is described for modeling enterprises that use data, tools, people and processes to make mission‐focused inferences. Examples include cyber‐operations centers detecting cyber intrusions, airport security systems detecting attempts to carry prohibited items onto airplanes, or mortgage underwriting offices predicting loan defaults. An inference enterprise gathers and analyzes data, generates alerts when a concerning event or behavior is identified, and follows up with more thorough investigation of alert cases. The purpose of modeling is to understand and evaluate enterprise performance to help identify ways to improve performance. This typically involves constructing a modeling workflow comprising components that may not have been designed to interoperate. It may involve combining multiple models based on different modeling formalisms. This paper presents a multi‐modeling approach to inference enterprise modeling (MIEM). MIEM combines multiple models to generate multiple predictions of inference enterprise performance. These predictions are combined into an overall estimate of performance with error bounds. The MIEM methodology is illustrated on a problem of detecting insider threats in information systems.
Model‐based System Engineering for the Assessment of Tactical Performance in the Complex, High Tempo Game of Soccer
Authors: Sherry Lance , Sherry Aiden 
Published: August 2018

AbstractSoccer is an example of an enterprise in which adversarial groups of autonomous agents interact to create competitive advantage in time and space. The interaction is characterized by complex collaborations between the autonomous agents in space and time, coupled with the high tempo occurrence of random events. In this way the events in a game can exceed the cognitive ability of humans to process and analyze team tactical performance to make actionable training and game time adjustments that affect the outcome of the game.This paper describes the application of model‐based system engineering to assess tactical performance in the game of soccer. The game is modeled as a probabilistic sequence of random events that occur. The model is the basis for a probabilistic simulation of the game of soccer that can be used to assess the impact of a given team tactic on goals scored in a game. The model, the simulation, and an application of the model are described. The implications of the simulation on coaching and player development and limitations of the model are discussed.
Intramolecular Ring Transformation of Bis‐oxadiazoles to Bis‐thiadiazoles and Investigation of Their Anticancer Activities
Authors: Gomha Sobhi M. , Muhammad Zeinab A. , El‐Reedy Ahmed A. M. 
Published: August 2018

A new series of 2,6‐dimethyl‐4‐phenyl‐N′3,N′5‐bis(3‐phenyl‐1,3,4‐thiadiazol‐2(3H)‐ylidene)‐1,4‐dihydropyridine‐3,5‐dicarbohydrazides were synthesized from reaction of 5,5′‐(2,6‐dimethyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,4‐dihydropyridine‐3,5‐diyl)bis(1,3,4‐oxadiazole‐2‐thiol) or diethyl 2,2′‐(2,6‐dimethyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,4‐dihydropyridine‐3,5‐dicarbonyl)bis(hydrazine‐1‐carbodithioate) with various hydrazonoyl chlorides. The structures of new compounds were established on the basis of their elemental analysis and IR, 1H NMR, and mass spectral data. The anticancer activities of the synthesized compounds were screened for their activity against human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell lines, and the results showed that compounds 6l, 6k, and 6e were the most active (IC50 = 7.68 ± 9.8, 8.72 ± 9.7, and 9.78 ± 9.1 μM, respectively), compared with Cisplatin reference drug (IC50 value of 1.40 ± 1.1 μM).
Production of IL-35 by Bregs is mediated through binding of BATF-IRF-4-IRF-8 complex to il12a and ebi3 promoter elements
Authors: Yu Cheng-Rong , Choi Jin Kyeong , Uche Anita N , Egwuagu Charles E 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
IL-10 and IL-35 suppress excessive immune responses and therapeutic strategies are being developed to increase their levels in autoimmune diseases. In this study, we sought to identify major cell types that produce both cytokines in-vivo and to characterize mechanisms that regulate their production. Experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) is a CNS autoimmune disease that serves as model of human uveitis. We induced EAU in C57BL/6J mice and investigated whether T cells, B lymphocytes, or myeloid cells are the major producers of IL-10 or IL-35 in blood, lymph nodes (LNs), spleen, and at the site of ocular inflammation, the neuroretina. Analysis of these tissues identified B cells as the major producers of IL-10 and IL-35 in-vivo. Compared to regulatory T cells (Tregs), IL-10- or IL-35-producing regulatory B cells (Bregs) are substantially expanded in blood, LNs, spleen, and retina of mice with EAU. We performed EMSA and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays on activated B cells stimulated with IL-35 or TLR agonists. We found that BATF, IFN regulatory factor (IRF)-4, and IRF-8 transcription factors were recruited and bound to AP1-IRF-composite elements (AICEs) of il12a, ebi3, and/or il10 loci, suggesting their involvement in regulating IL-10 and IL-35 transcriptional programs of B cells. Showing that B cells are major source of IL-10 and IL-35 in-vivo and identifying transcription factors that contribute to IL-10 and IL-35 expression in the activated B-cell, suggest that the BATF/IRF-4/IRF-8 axis can be exploited therapeutically to regulate physiological levels of IL-10/IL-35-Bregs and that adoptive transfer of autologous Bregs might be an effective therapy for autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases.
Regulatory B cells are major producers of IL-35 during experimental autoimmune uveitis and BATF-IRF-4-IRF-8 transcription factor complex regulates IL-35 transcriptional program in B cells.
Growth and cranial development in the Andean frogs of the genus Telmatobius (Anura: Telmatobiidae): Exploring the relation of heterochrony and skeletal diversity
Authors: Barrionuevo J. Sebastián 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAndean frogs of the genus Telmatobius occur at high elevations, they have an aquatic mode of life and large tadpoles. There are more than 60 species that closely resemble one another and have low values of genetic divergence. However, the skeleton, particularly the cranium, is interspecifically variable with respect to the different levels of development of some elements. Heterochrony is considered to have played a prominent role in generating phenotypic variation, especially among closely related species. Herein, the developmental origins of the adult cranial configuration of two species of Telmatobius are explored. The interactions among larval and postmetamorphic growth, sexual maturation, and ossification sequence in T. oxycephalus and T. rubigo are studied. Although there are no substantial changes in the sequences of ossification of the cranium, it is likely that differential timing of larval periods is related to adult cranial characters. The prolonged larval development of T. rubigo may result in peramorphic configurations of bones that ossify during pre‐metamorphosis. This long developmental time would also explain why the gonads of T. rubigo are highly differentiated by the end of metamorphosis. In this species, sexual maturation may be attained precociously in relation to metamorphosis, thereby reducing postmetamorphic developmental time of late‐onset bones, which have paedomorphic configurations (e.g., vomer, neopalatine, and columella). An inverse pattern characterizes T. oxycephalus, suggesting that the duration of larval life is related to skeletal configuration in Telmatobius.
Change of lecithotrophic to matrotrophic nutrition during gestation in the viviparous teleost Xenotoca eiseni (Goodeidae)
Authors: Uribe Mari Carmen , Grier Harry J. , Avila‐Zúñiga Susana Areli , García‐Alarcón Adriana 
Published: August 2018

AbstractTeleosts possess unique features of the female reproductive system compared with the rest of vertebrates, features that define the characteristics of their viviparity. Viviparity involves new maternal–embryonic relationships detailing the most diverse structures during gestation that include embryonic nutrition. In order to analyze the morphological features of the complex nutrition in viviparous teleosts during intraovarian gestation, this study utilizes the goodeid Xenotoca eiseni as a model. Ovarian gestation in X. eiseni, as in all goodeids, is intraluminal; the early embryo moves from the follicle to the ovarian lumen where gestation continues. The scarce yolk in the oocytes implies that the initial lecithotrophy is replaced by matrotrophy, with nutrients provided via maternal tissues. The nutrients are absorbed by the embryo mainly by trophotaenia, extensions of the embryonic intestine into the ovarian lumen. This histological study analyses the structures involved in these two types of nutrition and when they occur during gestation in X. eiseni. The morphology displayed in this study demonstrated the extended simultaneity of lecithotrophy and matrotrophy during gestation with the progressive reduction of lecithotrophy and increase of matrotrophy. Similarly, it describes the development of complex embryonic structures for metabolic exchange with the maternal tissues associated with matrotrophy; specifically the branchial placenta and mainly the trophotaenia.
Aberrant DNA methylation profile of hepatitis B virus infection
Authors: Jin Jinglan , Xu Hongqin , Wu Ruihong , Niu Junqi , Li Shibo 
Published: August 2018

We aimed to study the aberrant DNA methylation profile associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and, to identify key genes and pathways associated with the HBV infection stage. A total of 54 antiviral treatment‐naïve HBV‐infected patients and six healthy controls were included. Genome‐wide methylated DNA immunoprecipitation analysis was performed, as previously described, after which the chip data were preprocessed. Subsequently, Cytoscape software was used for the construction of a protein‐protein interaction network, and a database for annotation, visualization, and integrated discovery software was used to conduct functional enrichment analysis. A total of 711 794 CpGs were obtained after data quality control, among which 152 780, 113 814, 90 747, and 175 868 CpGs showed differential methylation in acute hepatitis B (AHB) vs control, total‐C vs control, CH1 vs CA1, and AHB vs total‐C, respectively. Furthermore, RIPK3, PRDM10, JUN, and SNAI1 were at the center of the four associated networks, respectively. Differential methylated genes differentially methylated in these four comparisons were significantly enriched with olfactory transduction; positive regulation of transport; negative regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation (eg, JUN), phosphorylation, phosphorus metabolic process, and phosphate metabolic process; and programmed cell death, respectively. RIPK3, PRDM10, JUN, and SNAI1 as well as olfactory transduction, positive regulation of transport, negative regulation of phosphorylation, and programmed cell death are important for the transformation associated with HBV infection stage. Moreover, JUN may be involved in HBV infection, mainly via the negative regulation of amino acid phosphorylation.
Synthesis of an Alkyl Polyoxyethylene Ether Sulfonate Surfactant and Its Application in Surfactant Flooding
Authors: Pu Wan‐Fen , Du Dai‐Jun , Tang Yan‐Li , Wang Song 
Published: August 2018

AbstractSurfactant flooding as a potential enhanced oil‐recovery technology in a high‐temperature and high‐salinity oil reservoir after water flooding has attracted extensive attention. In this study, the synthesis of an alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfonate surfactant (C12EO7S) with dodecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and sodium 2‐chloroethanesulfonate monohydrate, and its adaptability in surfactant flooding were investigated. The fundamental parameters of C12EO7S were obtained via surface tension measurement. And the ability to reduce oil–water interfacial tension (IFT), wettability alteration, emulsification, and adsorption was determined. The results illustrated that IFT could be reduced to 10−3 mN m−1 at high temperature and high salinity without additional additives, and C12EO7S exhibited benign wettability alternate ability, and emulsifying ability. Furthermore, the oil‐displacement experiments showed that C12EO7S solution could remarkably enhance oil recovery by 16.19% without adding any additives.
Retrospective evaluation of a decision‐support algorithm (MIPOGG) for genetic referrals for children with neuroblastic tumors
Authors: Goudie Catherine , Cullinan Noelle , Villani Anita , Mathews Natalie , van Engelen Kalene , Malkin David , Irwin Meredith S. , Foulkes William D. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundNeuroblastoma is the most common pediatric extracranial solid tumor. Germline pathogenic variants inALKandPHOX2B, as well as other cancer predisposition genes, are increasingly implicated in the pathogenesis of neuroblastic tumors. A challenge for clinicians is the identification of children with neuroblastoma who require genetics evaluation for underlying cancer predisposition syndromes (CPS).ProcedureWe developed a decisional algorithm (MIPOGG) to identify which patients with neuroblastic tumors have an increased likelihood of an underlying CPS. This algorithm, comprising 11 Yes/No questions, evaluates features in the tumor, personal and family history that are suggestive of an underlying CPS. We assessed the algorithm's performance in a retrospective cohort.ResultsTwo hundred and nine of 278 consecutive patients with neuroblastic tumors at The Hospital for Sick Children (2007–2016) had sufficient clinical data for retrospective application of the decisional algorithm. Fifty‐one of 209 patients had been referred to genetics for CPS evaluation; 6/51 had a genetic or clinical confirmation of a CPS. The algorithm correctly identified all six children (Beckwith–Wiedemann (n = 2), Fanconi anemia,RB1,PHOX2B, chromosome duplication involvingALK) as requiring a genetic evaluation by using clinical features present at diagnosis. The level of agreement between the algorithm and physicians was 83.9%, with 15 more patients identified by the algorithm than by physicians as requiring a genetics referral.ConclusionsThis decisional algorithm appropriately detected all patients who, following genetic evaluation, were confirmed to have a CPS and may improve the detection of CPS in patients with neuroblastic tumors compared with current practice.
Development of PLA‐PHB‐based biodegradable active packaging and its application to salmon
Authors: Ma Yichao , Li Li , Wang Yifen 
Published: August 2018

In this study, poly (lactic acid)‐poly (hydroxybutyrate) (PLA‐PHB) based films containing bioactive elements were developed and characterized. Seven formulations containing different contents of plasticizers (mono‐caprylin glycerate (GMC) or glycerol monolaurate (GML)) were initially developed. After basic mechanical property tests, the PLA‐PHB‐based films with 0.5% GMC or GML were selected as 2 formulations for further study. In the subsequent experiments, 5% cinnamaldehyde was added into each of the 2 formulations selected and EVOH copolymer (widely used nonbiodegradable packaging as control here) respectively. More mechanical and active properties were investigated. The results showed that PLA‐PHB‐based films possessed some better mechanical properties than those of EVOH‐based film, and better active properties when applied to high lipid food simulant. In a preservative test, changes in total bacterial counts, thiobarbituric acid, and total volatile basic nitrogen were carried out on salmon dices packed with films and stored at 4 ± 1°C. It was only 4.65 CFU/g on day 17 for the salmon packed with PLA‐PHB‐based film with GML as plasticizer; meanwhile, the total bacterial counts of salmon dices sealed in other 2 films reached 6.65 and 6.35 CFU/g respectively on day 15. This study showed that it could be feasible to use biodegradable active packing as an alternative to replace nonbiodegradable packaging for chilled salmon.
Refractory Character of 4,6‐Dialkyldibenzothiophenes: Structural and Electronic Instabilities Reign Deep Hydrodesulfurization
Authors: Valencia Diego , García‐Cruz Isidoro , Uc Víctor Hugo , Ramírez‐Verduzco Luis Felipe , Aburto Jorge 
Published: August 2018

AbstractWe studied the most commonly S‐containing compounds present in crude oils, the so‐called 4,6‐dialkyldibenzothiophenes. The alkyl derivatives in this study were methyl, ethyl and isopropyl. Computationally rotating the alkyl substituents, we found differences in their stability. The most stable compound (isopropyl) was transformed into the most instable by changes in its structure. Aromaticity revealed the changes taking place upon structural modifications. The most refractory compound (isopropyl derivative) reduced much more its aromatic character than the methyl derivative. The interaction of these molecules with MoS2 confirmed their instable character upon adsorption. The stability of the refractory molecules and their destabilization prior to be transformed shed light into the key step that reign deep HDS.
Higgs-boson plus dijets: higher-order matching for high-energy predictions
Authors: Andersen Jeppe R. , Hapola Tuomas , Heil Marian , Maier Andreas , Smillie Jennifer M. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Several important processes and analyses at the LHC are sensitive to higher-order perturbative corrections beyond what can currently be calculated at fixed order. The formalism of High Energy Jets (HEJ) calculates the corrections systematically enhanced for a large ratio of the centre-of-mass energy to the transverse momentum of the observed jets. These effects are relevant in the analysis of e.g. Higgs-boson production in association with dijets within the cuts devised to enhance the contribution from Vector Boson Fusion (VBF).
HEJ obtains an all-order approximation, based on logarithmic corrections which are matched to fixed-order results in the cases where these can be readily evaluated. In this paper we present an improved framework for the matching utilised in HEJ, which for merging of tree-level results is mathematically equivalent to the one used so far. However, by starting from events generated at fixed order and supplementing these with the all-order summation, it is computationally simpler to obtain matching to calculations of high multiplicity.
We demonstrate that the impact of the higher-multiplicity matching on predictions is small for the gluon-fusion (GF) contribution of Higgs-boson production in association with dijets in the VBF-region, so perturbative stability against high-multiplicity matching has been achieved within HEJ. We match the improved HEJ prediction to the inclusive next-to-leading order (NLO) cross section and compare to pure NLO in the h → γγ channel with standard VBF cuts.