bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adoption of Social Media by Architecture Students in Fostering Community Service Initiative using Technology Acceptance Model
Authors: Gunasagaran Dr. Sujatavani , Tamilsalvi Mari Dr. M , Srirangam Dr. Sucharita , Kuppusamy Dr. Sivaraman 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The use of the Internet for social networking is very popular amongst the youth. Collaborative technology leads to instant online community that enables fast and convenient communication. Adoption of Social Media has been researched on many contexts. However, little research has paid close attention to the student’s acceptance of Social Media (SM) as e-learning in higher educational teaching, especially in architectural education. This study aims to investigate factors that affect acceptance and behaviour of architecture undergraduate students towards the usage of SM. A quantitative method was used and qualitative responses of 33 architecture students using social media in their elective module, Community Service Initiative (CSI), was analyzed using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). TAM model for this study focused on social norm (SN) as an external factor, the two user beliefs, perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived ease of use (PEU) and behavioural intention to use (BI). Factor Analysis and Pearson Correlation showed significant relationship between social norm, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and behavioural intention to use. The results of this study provided evidence for the potential use of social media as e-learning in similar modules.
Creating Secured Residential Places: Conflicting Design Elements of Natural Surveillance, Access Control and Territoriality
Authors: Seifi M , Abdullah A , Haron S , Salman A , Seifi M 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Territoriality, natural surveillance and accesses control are the preeminent strategies of most place-based crime prevention theories and practices. They have been extensively applied as non-detachable part of defensible space and Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED). Even though, a large body of knowledge confirms the effectiveness of these three strategies in preventing residential burglaries, yet, they frequently diminish each other’s effect. Besides, there are divergent views about their implementation, which often brings about contradictory designs and planning decisions, all of which have left architects and planners with a state of ambiguity on hiring felicitous physical elements which prevent burglaries. Hence, the current paper aims to find the design elements of the CPTED strategies which are in conflict in creating security. The study employs the qualitative method of systematically reviewing and critically analysing the literature on the subject. Conjointly, the physical features and design elements of natural surveillance, access control, and territoriality are extracted from the evidence in the literature. The results of the analysis show that the design elements of natural surveillance and access control are more recognized and employed since they are easier to understand as compared to territoriality. Furthermore, it was found that some of the physical elements of access control territoriality conflict with surveillance design elements or diminish the effects of natural surveillance on burglary prevention. Conversely, the social aspects of territoriality design strengthen the effects of natural surveillance. Therefore, the study concludes that the burglary prevention design should consider all the strategies simultaneously. Hence, it is recommended to combine the physical aspects of natural surveillance and access control with the social aspects of territoriality for successful burglary prevention. This study contributes to the body of knowledge related to CPED by shedding light on the deployment of its main strategies without conflict in their effects. However, there is a need for furthered evidence of the design elements of natural surveillance, access control, and territoriality. Only a thorough examination and comparison of the impacts of their design elements on a residential burglary in a single context could further confirm the literature findings of the present study.
Graded circular Bragg reflectors: a semi-analytical retrieval of approximate pitch profiles from Mueller-matrix data
Authors: Mendoza-Galván Arturo , Järrendahl Kenneth , Arwin Hans 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Graded pitch profiles are found in structurally chiral materials like cholesteric liquid crystals (CLC) and in the cuticle of some scarab beetles. In most cases, the pitch profile is determined from electron microscopy techniques. Recently, it was shown that approximate pitch profiles in the cuticle of scarab beetles can be retrieved through an analysis of the spectral dependence of maxima and minima in normalized Mueller-matrix data. The analysis relies on basic concepts of interference in thin films, properties of optical modes in chiral systems, and the condition for circular Bragg reflection. In this work, the consistency of the procedure is demonstrated by analysis of normalized Mueller matrices of circular Bragg reflectors calculated for three predefined pitch profiles with (1) a stepwise decrease, (2) a stepwise increase and, (3) an exponential increase. The procedure does not require knowledge of the full Mueller matrix and can be used for non-destructive analysis of pitch in CLC, beetle cuticle and similar structures.
Analysis of dosing-button compliance
Authors: Picone Mary Frances , New James P , Johnson Matthew Hunter , Desai Nihal Nilesh , Hebbard Matthew 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPurposeA project was undertaken at an academic medical center to assess use of available dosing buttons within the computerized provider-order-entry (CPOE) system in order to identify opportunities for optimization of medication builds.MethodsA retrospective observational study was conducted to identify medication records within a CPOE system meeting prespecified inclusion and exclusion criteria. A report capturing all inpatient adult medication orders associated with the identified medication records over a 6-month period was generated. The primary endpoint was percent dosing-button compliance, calculated as the number of orders with doses consistent with existing dosing-button options divided by the total number of orders during the study period. Secondary study objectives included a comparison of high- and low-performing medication record samples and identification of potential reasons for lack of dosing-button use.ResultsA total of 2,506 CPOE medication records associated with a total of 694,877 medication orders entered during the study period were analyzed. Median percent dosing-button compliance was 99.92% (interquartile range, 83.33–100%). High-performing records (n = 1243) were more likely to be associated with anti-infective medications (p = 0.041) and medications not on formulary at the study institution (p < 0.001). Medications in the sample of poor-performing CPOE records (n = 614) were more likely to be agents delivered via the i.v. route (p < 0.001). There were 45 records for which poor dosing-button compliance was attributed to lack of a clinically reasonable dosing option.ConclusionA high level of dosing-button compliance was demonstrated despite the lack of routine revalidation of dosing buttons after initial medication builds. Some opportunity for optimization was identified during the project, which established a quality assurance method to facilitate future auditing of medication builds.
Patch-DCA: improved protein interface prediction by utilizing structural information and clustering DCA scores
Authors: Vajdi Amir , Zarringhalam Kourosh , Haspel Nurit 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Motivation
Over the past decade, there have been impressive advances in determining the 3D structures of protein complexes. However, there are still many complexes with unknown structures, even when the structures of the individual proteins are known. The advent of protein sequence information provides an opportunity to leverage evolutionary information to enhance the accuracy of protein–protein interface prediction. To this end, several statistical and machine learning methods have been proposed. In particular, direct coupling analysis has recently emerged as a promising approach for identification of protein contact maps from sequential information. However, the ability of these methods to detect protein–protein inter-residue contacts remains relatively limited.

Results
In this work, we propose a method to integrate sequential and co-evolution information with structural and functional information to increase the performance of protein–protein interface prediction. Further, we present a post-processing clustering method that improves the average relative F1 score by 70% and 24% and the average relative precision by 80% and 36% in comparison with two state-of-the-art methods, PSICOV and GREMLIN.

Availability and implementation
https://github.com/BioMLBoston/PatchDCA

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
µ
-ANT: semantic microaggregation-based anonymization tool
Authors: Sánchez David , Martínez Sergio , Domingo-Ferrer Josep , Soria-Comas Jordi , Batet Montserrat 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Motivation
Detailed patient data are crucial for medical research. Yet, these healthcare data can only be released for secondary use if they have undergone anonymization.

Results
We present and describe µ-ANT, a practical and easily configurable anonymization tool for (healthcare) data. It implements several state-of-the-art methods to offer robust privacy guarantees and preserve the utility of the anonymized data as much as possible. µ-ANT also supports the heterogenous attribute types commonly found in electronic healthcare records and targets both practitioners and software developers interested in data anonymization.

Availability and implementation
(source code, documentation, executable, sample datasets and use case examples) https://github.com/CrisesUrv/microaggregation-based_anonymization_tool.
Motion Perception in the Common Marmoset
Authors: Cloherty Shaun L , Yates Jacob L , Graf Dina , DeAngelis Gregory C , Mitchell Jude F 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Visual motion processing is a well-established model system for studying neural population codes in primates. The common marmoset, a small new world primate, offers unparalleled opportunities to probe these population codes in key motion processing areas, such as cortical areas MT and MST, because these areas are accessible for imaging and recording at the cortical surface. However, little is currently known about the perceptual abilities of the marmoset. Here, we introduce a paradigm for studying motion perception in the marmoset and compare their psychophysical performance with human observers. We trained two marmosets to perform a motion estimation task in which they provided an analog report of their perceived direction of motion with an eye movement to a ring that surrounded the motion stimulus. Marmosets and humans exhibited similar trade-offs in speed versus accuracy: errors were larger and reaction times were longer as the strength of the motion signal was reduced. Reverse correlation on the temporal fluctuations in motion direction revealed that both species exhibited short integration windows; however, marmosets had substantially less nondecision time than humans. Our results provide the first quantification of motion perception in the marmoset and demonstrate several advantages to using analog estimation tasks.
Differential White Matter Maturation from Birth to 8 Years of Age
Authors: Yu Qinlin , Peng Yun , Kang Huiying , Peng Qinmu , Ouyang Minhui , Slinger Michelle , Hu Di , Shou Haochang , Fang Fang , Huang Hao 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Comprehensive delineation of white matter (WM) microstructural maturation from birth to childhood is critical for understanding spatiotemporally differential circuit formation. Without a relatively large sample of datasets and coverage of critical developmental periods of both infancy and early childhood, differential maturational charts across WM tracts cannot be delineated. With diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of 118 typically developing (TD) children aged 0–8 years and 31 children with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) aged 2–7 years, the microstructure of every major WM tract and tract group was measured with DTI metrics to delineate differential WM maturation. The exponential model of microstructural maturation of all WM was identified. The WM developmental curves were separated into fast, intermediate, and slow phases in 0–8 years with distinctive time period of each phase across the tracts. Shorter periods of the fast and intermediate phases in certain tracts, such as the commissural tracts, indicated faster earlier development. With TD WM maturational curves as the reference, higher residual variance of WM microstructure was found in children with ASD. The presented comprehensive and differential charts of TD WM microstructural maturation of all major tracts and tract groups in 0–8 years provide reference standards for biomarker detection of neuropsychiatric disorders.
Transferrable Market Exclusivity Extensions to Promote Antibiotic Development: An Economic Analysis
Authors: Rome Benjamin N , Kesselheim Aaron S 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
To address the growing threat of multidrug-resistant organisms, policymakers are seeking ideas to promote development of novel antibiotics. In 2018, the REVAMP Act was proposed in Congress to reward manufacturers of certain novel antibiotics with transferrable market exclusivity vouchers.

Methods
We estimated the economic impact of this proposal by identifying antimicrobial drugs approved by the FDA from 2007–2016 that would likely have qualified for an exclusivity voucher and matching each drug to the highest-revenue fast-track drug facing generic entry within 4 years after the antibiotic was approved. Assuming a spending decrease of 75% after generic entry, we calculated the per-drug and total societal costs of these transferrable market exclusivity extensions over a decade.

Results
We identified 10 antimicrobials that would have qualified for an exclusivity voucher, each of which was matched with 1 of 17 fast-track drugs facing generic entry through July 2019. These 10 drugs had a median annual revenue before generic entry of $249 million (range, $26 million–$2.7 billion). Accounting for a 75% spending reduction after generic entry, the median excess spending associated with 12 months of extended exclusivity was $187 million, for a total of $4.5 billion over 10 years.

Conclusions
While market exclusivity extensions are a politically appealing mechanism to encourage novel antibiotic development, this approach would cost public and private payers billions of dollars over the next decade.
Do Hiring Practices Penalize Women and Benefit Men for Having Children? Experimental Evidence from Germany
Authors: Hipp Lena 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Although observational studies from many countries have consistently shown that motherhood negatively affects women’s wages, experimental findings on its effect on the likelihood of being hired are less conclusive. Motherhood penalties in hiring have been reported in the United States, the prototypical liberal market economy, but not in Sweden, the prototypical social-democratic welfare state. Based on a field experiment in Germany, this study examines the effects of parenthood on hiring processes in the prototypical conservative welfare state. My findings indicate that job recruitment processes indeed penalize women but not men for having children. In addition to providing theoretical explanations for why motherhood penalties in hiring are particularly likely to occur in the German context, this study also highlights several methodological and practical issues that should be considered when conducting correspondence studies to examine labour market discrimination.
The state of health in the European Union (EU-28) in 2017: an analysis of the burden of diseases and injuries
Authors: Santos João Vasco , Souza Júlio , Valente José , Alonso Vera , Ramalho André , Viana João , Ricciardi Walter , Freitas Alberto 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
The Global Burden of Disease study has generated a wealth of data on death and disability in Europe. At a time of change for the European Union and European Region of WHO, with a new Health Commissioner and Regional Director, respectively, a review of health trends can contribute to identify outstanding needs and gaps. This paper reports a summary of the burden of disease in the European Union (EU) in 2017 (compared with 2007).

Methods
For the whole EU and each country, mortality by causes of death, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and life expectancies are reported.

Results
In 2017, the age-standardized mortality and DALY rates were of 452.6 and 19 663.3 per 100 000 inhabitants, respectively. The diseases contributing most to mortality were ischaemic heart disease (IHD), dementias and stroke, while low back pain and IHD accounted for the highest burden of DALYs.

Conclusions
Overall, there was an improvement in the state of health in the EU but substantial differences between countries remain. Cardiovascular diseases still represent the major burden, although there have been substantial improvements. There are many opportunities for mutual learning among otherwise similar countries with different patterns of disease.
Becoming a Grandparent and Its Effect on Well-Being: The Role of Order of Transitions, Time, and Gender
Authors: Di Gessa Giorgio , Bordone Valeria , Arpino Bruno 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Objectives
Although the majority of older people are grandparents, little is known on whether and how the transition into grandparenthood affects their well-being. Moreover, evidence on whether the order of the transition, the time since grandchild’s birth, and the sociodemographic characteristics of the offspring modify the grandparental well-being is scarce. Taking into account these factors, our study examines the association between becoming a grandparent and subsequent well-being.

Methods
Our study is based on grandparents aged 50 and older from Waves 4–6 of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe. Using longitudinal analyses, we investigate associations between becoming a grandparent and subsequent life satisfaction, positive affect, and depression controlling for demographic and socioeconomic factors as well as health and well-being at baseline. Furthermore, we explore the role of modifying factors such as whether the grandchild was first-born, the time since transition, and sociodemographic characteristics of the offspring who became a parent.

Results
Becoming a grandparent has a positive effect on well-being only among women who became grandmothers for the first time and via their daughters. Moreover, this effect is particularly strong in the proximity of the birth of the grandchild. No effects were found among first-time grandfathers. Having an additional grandchild does not affect well-being of grandparents, regardless of the offspring’s characteristics.

Discussion
Transitioning to grandparenthood per se does not affect well-being. More research is needed to further investigate if interpersonal relationships and changes in roles triggered by becoming a grandparent could help promote well-being in later life.
Stress distribution models in layered, viscoelastic sedimentary basins under tectonic and glacial loads
Authors: Trzeciak Maciej , Dabrowski Marcin , Jarosiński Marek 
Published: October 2019

SUMMARYKnowledge about the stress state in sedimentary basins gives insight into geodynamics of a given region, natural fracture development and is important in design of underground engineering operations, such as hydraulic fracturing. As the direct stress measurements are expensive, usually very limited amount of data is available, and the stress state assessment bases on theoretical models. In this work, we review the commonly used stress prediction models. We focus especially on the ones which take into account material viscoelasticity, and stress transfer between layers characterized by different mechanical properties. We extend the stress-driven elastic model to material viscoelasticity, and we apply it to predict stress changes during last glacial cycle in the Baltic basin, northern Poland. We conclude that neglecting material viscoelasticity in creeping rocks like shales or rock salt may lead to erroneous stress prediction, and that coupling of the layers induces stress transfer among layers, and together with stress relaxation in ductile layers may result in significant stress amplification in strong (elastic) layers. Finally, we emphasize the crucial role of initial stress assessment.
Birth weight for gestational age and the risk of infertility: a Danish cohort study
Authors: Thorsted A , Lauridsen J , Høyer B , Arendt L H , Bech B , Toft G , Hougaard K , Olsen J , Bonde J P , Ramlau-Hansen C 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSTUDY QUESTIONIs birth weight for gestational age associated with infertility in adulthood among men and women?SUMMARY ANSWERBeing born small for gestational age (SGA) was associated with infertility in adulthood among men.WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADYFetal growth restriction may affect fertility, but results from previous studies have been inconsistent.STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATIONIn this population-based cohort study, we used data from a Danish birth cohort, including 5594 men and 5342 women born between 1984 and 1987. Information on infertility was obtained from Danish health registers during the period from the participants’ 18th birthday and up until 31 December 2017.PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODSParticipants were men and women born in two Danish municipalities, Aalborg and Odense. Information on birth weight and gestational age was obtained from birth records, and information on infertility diagnoses and fertility treatment was retrieved from the Danish National Patient Registry (NPR) and the Danish In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF) registry. Information on potential maternal confounders was obtained from questionnaires during pregnancy and was included in adjusted analyses. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for infertility according to birth weight for gestational age.MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCEMen born SGA had a 55% higher risk of being diagnosed with or treated for infertility compared to men born appropriate for gestational age (AGA) (adjusted OR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.09–2.21). The association attenuated after exclusion of men born with hypospadias or cryptorchidism (OR = 1.37, 95% CI: 0.93–2.01). No association was found between women’s birth weight for gestational age and risk of infertility (adjusted OR = 1.00, 95% CI: 0.73–1.37).LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTIONEstimation of gestational age is associated with some uncertainty and might have caused non-differential misclassification. The study design implicitly assumed similar distribution of reproductive and health-seeking behaviour across the groups that were compared.WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGSMen born SGA had a higher risk of infertility. Genital malformations may account for part of the observed association, but this must be explored further.STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S)This study was supported by Health, Aarhus University. No competing interests are declared.TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERN/A