bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paraquat Resistance of Weeds - the Case of Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq
Authors: Szigeti Zoltán , Rácz Ilona , Lásztity Demeter 
Published: August 2018

The paper gives an overview of literature on paraquat resistance of weeds and the proposed mechanism of resistance. New results we achieved on horseweed ( Conyza canadensis /L./, Cronq.) are discussed in detail.
It was demonstrated that there is no significant constitutive difference related to the paraquat resistance between untreated susceptible and paraquat-resistant horseweed plants. The lower sensitivity of flowering resistant plants may be due to the fact that paraquat content in treated leaves of flowering resistant plants was only 25% as compared to those measured at rosette stage. Our results confirm that paraquat resistance is not based on elevated level and activity of antioxidant enzyme system. The hypothesized role of polyamines in the resistance mechanisms can be excluded. The higher putrescine and total polyamine content of paraquat treated resistant leaves can rather be regarded as a general stress response, than as a symptom of paraquat resistance. A paraquat-inducible protein is supposed to play a role in the resistance, which presumably functions by binding paraquat to an inactivating site and/ or by carrying paraquat to metabolically inactive cell compartment (vacuole, cell wall). From model experiments it is concluded that paraquat and diquat preferentially form hydrophylic interactions with proteins containing a higher amount of lysine and glutamic acid. Consequently, the reason for paraquat resistance in horseweed is probably a hydrophylic interaction of paraquat with a protein, leading to inactivation of paraquat through forming a conjugate and/or sequestration into the vacuole or the cell wall.
Tropical Town and Other Poems (1918) de Salomón de la Selva: poemas panamericanos en tiempos de la Gran Guerra
Authors: Suarez Turriza Tatiana de los Reyes 
Published: August 2018

Tropical Town and Other Poems (1918) es el único poemario de Salomón de la Selva publicado en inglés, en el contexto de la Gran Guerra. Se le considera una obra de coyuntura entre dos culturas y tradiciones literarias. Este trabajo plantea la importancia de considerar su estudio en el ámbito de las letras hispánicas, entre otras razones, por su evidente relación con la tradición poética hispanoamericana. A partir del análisis crítico de los poemas, se evidencia la expresión de un discurso ideológico fundamentado en los ideales del panamericanismo, postura de implicaciones políticas que fue definitiva en la vida y obra del autor. Se analiza dicho discurso como una de las directrices temáticas que estructura y da unidad a la obra. Asimismo, se expone la calidad estética del poemario, a partir del análisis de algunos recursos poéticos.
Neurodevelopment After Perinatal Arterial Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Wagenaar Nienke , Martinez-Biarge Miriam , van der Aa Niek E. , van Haastert Ingrid C. , Groenendaal Floris , Benders Manon J.N.L. , Cowan Frances M. , de Vries Linda S. 
Published: August 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Perinatal arterial ischemic stroke (PAIS) leads to cerebral palsy in ∼30% of affected children and has other neurologic sequelae. Authors of most outcome studies focus on middle cerebral artery (MCA) stroke without differentiating between site and extent of affected tissue. Our aim with this study was to report outcomes after different PAIS subtypes.

METHODS:
Between 1990 and 2015, 188 term infants from 2 centers (London [n = 79] and Utrecht [n = 109]) had PAIS on their neonatal MRI. Scans were reevaluated to classify stroke territory and determine specific tissue involvement. At 18 to 93 (median 41.7) months, adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes were recorded as 1 or more of cerebral palsy, cognitive deficit, language delay, epilepsy, behavioral problems, or visual field defect.

RESULTS:
The MCA territory was most often involved (90%), with posterior or anterior cerebral artery territory strokes occurring in 9% and 1%, respectively. Three infants died, and 24 had scans unavailable for reevaluation or were lost to follow-up. Of 161 infants seen, 54% had an adverse outcome. Outcomes were the same between centers. Main branch MCA stroke resulted in 100% adverse outcome, whereas other stroke subtypes had adverse outcomes in only 29% to 57%. The most important outcome predictors were involvement of the corticospinal tracts and basal ganglia.

CONCLUSIONS:
Although neurodevelopmental outcome was adverse in at least 1 domain with main branch MCA stroke, in other PAIS subtypes outcome was favorable in 43% to 71% of children. Site and tissue involvement is most important in determining the outcome in PAIS.
Tumor Molecular Testing Guides Anti-PD-1 Therapy and Provides Evidence for Pathogenicity of Mismatch Repair Variants
Authors: Patel Shyam A. , Longacre Teri A. , Ladabaum Uri , Lebensohn Alexandra , Lin Albert Y. , Haraldsdottir Sigurdis 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Lynch syndrome is characterized by germline abnormalities in mismatch repair (MMR) genes, leading to predisposition to multiple cancers [1]. A second hit to the unaffected allele is required for tumorigenesis. MMR proteins repair incorrectly paired nucleotides and prevent generation of insertions and deletions at microsatellites [2]. Aberrancies in these MMR proteins can be a result of germline mutations or somatic alterations. Defective MMR results in microsatellite instability (MSI) and a high mutational burden [3].
The clinical implications of MSI are becoming readily apparent, as presence of MSI leads to the generation of neoantigens, stimulating tumor-associated lymphocytes [4, 5]. This has led to the use of programmed cell death protein 1 blockade for MMR-deficient tumors [6]. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration recently approved pembrolizumab for any advanced solid tumor demonstrating MSI and nivolumab for metastatic MSI colorectal cancer. However, the clinical significance of numerous MMR gene variants remains uncertain. The International Society for Gastrointestinal Hereditary Tumors classification system categorizes 2,360 MMR variants, which can be used to gauge pathogenicity [7]. There are many variants of uncertain significance (VUS; or class 3) for which clinicians are unable to provide recommendations. In this study, we employed the combination of germline testing and tumor mutational assessment to help discern the clinical relevance of VUS and guide immunotherapeutic decisions.

Key Points
A clinical dilemma arises when genomic testing yields variants of uncertain significance (VUS). Germline VUS were identified in two patients with gastrointestinal malignancies, but only one patient had a second-hit mutation in a mismatch repair gene leading to mismatch repair deficiency that conferred response to immunotherapy. The combination of germline testing along with tumor mutational assessment can help discern the clinical relevance of VUS and can help guide therapeutic decision-making toward individualized patient care.
Revisión bibliográfica equipos de trabajo: enfoque cuantitativo, características e identificación de variables que afectan la eficiencia
Authors: Rangel Carreño Thomas Leonardo Leonardo , Lugo Garzón Ivonne Katherine , Calderón María Eugenia 
Published: August 2018

Introducción: El artículo “Revisión bibliográfica equipos de trabajo: enfoque cuantitativo, características e identificación de variables que afectan la eficiencia”, es el resultado del proyecto de investigación “Modelo Matemático para la Conformación de Equipos de Trabajo Eficientes”, financiado por el Centro de Investigaciones y Desarrollo Científico de la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas y realizado en el marco de las actividades del Grupo en Gestión Empresarial e Innovación Tecnológica (GEIT) de la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas , desarrollado entre 2016 y 2017. Objetivo: Determinar y conocer las características de los equipos de trabajo y realizar una identificación para conocer las variables que afectan su eficiencia. Metodología: Se usaron trabajos académicos que estuvieran publicados desde el año 2010 en adelante, en las referencias hay unas excepciones. Se utilizaron bases de datos especializadas como Scopus, Science Direct, Redalyc, entre otras. Resultados: se encontraron 57 trabajos entre artículos, monografías y demás que cumplían con el lineamiento de la investigación, adicional se encontraron grandes ventajas al usar equipos de trabajo en las organizaciones. Conclusión: Las variables encontradas son una forma de medir el trabajo en equipo. Las implicaciones de este hallazgo pueden servir para un modelo matemático o para alguna serie de indicadores que permita tener contacto con los resultados a nivel de equipo dado que la literatura aboga por el trabajo en equipo, pero su cuantificación queda corta, con este aporte se promueve la cuantificación de las bondades del equipo de trabajo. Limitaciones: se tienen en cuenta las características más generales y de allí las variables influyentes, por lo que es un punto de partida pero no una formula general para medir la eficiencia de todos los equipos de trabajo. Originalidad: el tema de los equipos de trabajo ha sido abordado desde una perspectiva cualitativa mostrando como este mejoraba los proyectos o resolvía problemas empresariales, sobre todo de manera integral. Se exponían ventajas y características trascendentales pero no se exponía alguna forma de medir aquello que tantas bondades tenía. Con la premisa de que lo que se puede medir es susceptible de mejora, se establece una aproximación a un modelo de eficiencia de los equipos de trabajo, como base para futuros trabajos de modelación matemática.
Core Design TRIGA2000 Bandung Using U3Si2Al Fuel Element MTR Type
Authors: Pinem Surian , Surbakti Tukiran , Sembiring Tagor M. 
Published: August 2018

DESAIN TERAS REAKTOR TRIGA2000 BANDUNG MENGGUNAKAN TIPE ELEMEN BAKAR MTR U3Si2/Al. Reaktor TRIGA2000 Bandung selama ini menggunakan bahan bakar jenis silinder tetapi bahan bakar tersebut tidak diproduksi lagi. Upaya yang dilakukan agar reaktor TRIGA2000 dapat beroperasi secara kontinu maka direncanakan pergantian bahan bakar jenis silinder ke U3Si2/Al jenis MTR karena Indonesia dapat memprodusi bahan bakar tersebut. Dalam penelitian ini telah dilakukan perhitungan desain teras reaktor TRIGA2000 menggunakan bahan bakar MTR jenis U3Si2/Al dengan tiga densitas bahan bakar yang berbeda. Kegiatan ini dimulai dengan melakukan generasi tampang lintang makroskopik neutron untuk semua bahan teras sebagai fungsi temperatur, fraksi bakar dan xenon. Generasi tampang lintang dilakukan dengan program WIMSD5. Perhitungan parameter teras reaktor dilakukan dengan program Batan-FUEL. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan parameter neutronik ada tiga kemungkinan konfigurasi teras yaitu 16 elemen bakar dan 4 elemen kendali (Core 16/4), teras dengan 14 elemen bahan bakar dan 4 elemen kendali (Core 14/4) dan teras dengan 12 elemen bahan bakar dan 4 elemen kendali (Core 12/4). Ketiga konfigurasi teras ini memenuhi batasan keselamatan operasi tetapi hanya Core 16/4 yang dapat menggunakan bahan bakar U3Si2/Al dengan kepadatan 2,96 g/cm3. Fluks neutron termal maksimum di pusat teras adalah 5,874 × 1013 n/cm2s dan panjang siklus adalah 310 hari pada daya 2 MW. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa teras TRIGA2000 dapat dikonversi dari bahan bakar jenis silinder menjadi bahan bakar silisida jenis MTR.Kata kunci: bahan bakar jenis silinder, bahan bakar jenis MTR, Batan-FUEL, fluks neutron termal.
EFEKTIVITAS STRATEGI QUICK ON THE DRAW DALAM MENINGKATKAN PENGUASAAN KOSAKATA BAHASA JEPANG
Authors: Nacita Senandung , Judiasri Melia Dewi , Sutjiati Neneng 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRAK Penelitian yang diberi judul “Efektivitas Strategi Quick On The Draw Dalam Meningkatkan Penguasaan Kosakata Bahasa Jepang” bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan penggunaaan strategi Quick On The Draw dalam peningkatan penguasaan kosakata, dan untuk engetahui apakah strategi quick on the draw menarik bagi siwa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah eksperimen murni, karena melibatkan dua variabel, yaitu kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol sebagai pembandingnya dengan rancang desain penelitian pre-test dan post-test dan non-test (angket). Populasi data sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini diambil dari dua kelas dari SMA NEGERI 15 Bandung yaitu kelas XI IPA 3 (38 orang) sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas XI IPA 4 (36 orang) sebagai kelas kontrol. Untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh penggunaan strategi Quick On The Draw dalam penggunaan kosa kata bahasa Jepang, dilakukan analisa data sebelum dan sesudah dilakukannya treatment. Dari hasil analisis data diketahui t hitung sebesar 3,13 dan db 72. Karena nilai t tabel untuk db 72 tidak ada, maka db yang paling mendekati adalah db 70 sebesar 2,00 pada taraf signifikan 5% t tabel dan 2,65 pada taraf signifikan 1% t tabel. Dengan demikian, nilai t hitung lebih besar daripada t tabel. Hal ini menunjukan terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara variabel X dan variabel Y. Berdasarkan analisa diatas, dapat dilihat bahwa strategi quick on the draw efektif mampu meningkatkan penguasaan kosakata bahasa Jepang dan menjadikan pembelajaran lebih menyenangkan. ABSTRACT This research “Effectiveness Of Strategy Quick On The Draw To Increase Japanese Vocabulary Ability” has made for knowing about effectiveness of Strategy Quick On The Draw to increase Japanese vocabulary ability, and to know is this strategy interesting for student. This research use true experiment methode, because this research have two variabel, experiment class and control class as the comparator with pre-test, post-test and non-test (questionnaire). Population of this research taken from two classes of senior high school 15 Bandung they are XI Social 3 (38 persons) as experiment class and XI Social 4 (36 persons) as control class. Treatment is important thing in order to know the differences before and after apply Strategy Quick On The Draw in Japanese vocabulary learning. From data analyze known that t value is 13,3 and db 72. Because of the value of t table for db 72 is not exist , for that db is 70 = 2,00 in significant percentage 5% t table and 2,65 in significant percentage 1% t table. Therefore, the value of t value is higher than t table. That mean variabel X and variabel Y have significant difference. Due that analyze Strategy Quick On The Draw is effective to increase Japanese vocabulary learning against students in Senior High School 15 Bandung.
Penggunaan Manga Humor dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa dan Penelitian Bahasa Jepang
Authors: Saifudin Akhmad 
Published: August 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengeksplorasi berbagai cara dan manfaat penggunaan manga humor dalam pembelajaran dan penelitian bahasa Jepang. Manga yang digunakan dalam studi ini adalah manga humor komik strip. Studi dilakukan dengan cara memberikan tugas kepada mahasiswa untuk membaca dan mengamati satu cerita manga. Mahasiswa diminta untuk menjelaskan karakter manga dan fenomena bahasa apa yang terdapat cerita manga. Hasil observasi terhadap manga kemudian didiskusikan di kelas untuk menentukan apa fenomena bahasa yang dapat dipelajari dari manga dan bagaimana cara mempelajarinya. Hasil studi ini menemukan bahwa di dalam manga humor terdapat banyak hal menarik yang dapat dipelajari. Manga juga dapat dijadikan media pembelajaran efektif dan membangkitkan minat serta motivasi pemelajar, baik dalam pembelajaran bahasa Jepang maupun penelitian bahasa Jepang. Dalam hal pembelajaran bahasa, media manga humor dapat dijadikan media interaktif yang dapat meningkatkan empat keterampilan berbahasa dan dalam pembelajaran penelitian bahasa Jepang, media manga humor berperan dalam memunculkan ide serta memberikan gambaran bagaimana penelitian tentang bahasa Jepang dilakukan dengan melihat fenomena linguistik yang ada pada manga. The purpose of this study is to explore various ways and benefits of using the manga humor in Japanese language learning and research. The manga used in this study is comic strip manga humor. The study was conducted by giving the task to the students to read and observe one manga story. The students were asked to explain the characters of manga and to explain the language phenomena contained in the manga story. The results of the observations on the manga were then discussed in the classroom to determine what language phenomena can be learned from the manga and how to learn them. The results of this study found that in the manga humor there are many interesting things that can be learned. Manga can also be used as effective learning media and to generate interest and motivation of learners, both in Japanese learning and Japanese language research. In terms of language learning, manga humor can be an interactive medium that can improve the four language skills and in learning Japanese language research, manga humor play an important role in bringing the idea and provide an overview of how research on Japanese language is done by looking at the linguistic phenomena that exist in the manga.
Identifikasi Tingkat Aktivitas Gunung Guntur Periode Oktober -November 2015 Berdasarkan Analisis Spektral Dan Sebaran Hiposenter - Episenter Gempa Vulkanik
Authors: Sulistiawan Ria , Ardi Nanang Dwi , Triastuty Hetty 
Published: August 2018

Kompleks Gunung Guntur (G.Guntur) merupakan salah satu gunung api aktif yang terletak di Kabupaten Garut, Jawa Barat. Kompleks ini terdiri atas beberapa kerucut, salah satunya yaitu Gunung Masigit (2249m) yang merupakan kerucut tertinggi. Sampai pada tahun ini masih terekam aktivitas kegempaan dibawah G.Guntur, sehingga dilakukan pemantauan secara kontinyu di pos PGA untuk mengetahui aktivitas G.Guntur. Metode pemantauan seismik saat ini merupakan metode pemantauan yang dominan digunakan dalam pemantauan gunung api. Maka dari itu dilakukan penelitian terhadap kegempaan pada G.Guntur periode Oktober sampai November 2015, berdasarkan analisis spektral dan analisis sebaran hiposenter-episenter. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tipe gempa, sebaran hiposenter-episenter dan tingkat aktivitas kegempaan G.Guntur. Sinyal gempa diperoleh dari 5 stasiun yaitu stasiun Citiis, Masigit, Sodong, Legokpulus, dan stasiun Kabuyutan. Melalui parameter hiposenter-episenter serta kandungan frekuensi dan jumlah event gempa yang digunakan dalam upaya memonitoring gunungapi untuk mengetahui aktivitas gunungapi. Analisis spektral didapatkan nilai frekuensi cut off dari gempa vulkanik untuk mengidentifikasi penyebab aktivitas gempa tersebut. Analisis hiposenter serta episenter dilakukan untuk mengetahui tipe gempa dan juga sebaran hiposenter-episenternya. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan terhadap analisis tingkat aktivitas kegempaan G.Guntur hasil yang diperoleh yaitu seismisitas kegempaan pada G.Guntur masih di dominasi oleh gempa Vulkanik Dangkal dan Vulkanik Dalam. Tingkat aktivitas G.Guntur yang teridentifikasi ditandai dengan terjadinya peningkatan jumlah event dibawah 4 kali dalam sehari yang diakibatkan oleh migrasi magma, dan pendangkalan gempa vulkanik dari periode Oktober ke November, secara umum aktivitas gempa vulkanik G.Guntur ini tidak memicu perubahan signifikan dan tergolong aktivitas yang normal. Sehingga untuk status level bahaya G.Guntur masih berada pada level 1 (normal).
Mobil Öğrenmenin Kabulü: Sistematik Literatür İncelemesi
Authors: ALKIŞ Nurcan , FINDIK COŞKUNÇAY Duygu 
Published: August 2018

Eğitim
faaliyetlerinin mobil cihazlar ve uygulamalar ile desteklenmeye başlanması ile
mobil öğrenme (m-öğrenme) kavramı ortaya çıkmış ve eğitim bağlamında yeni bir
araştırma alanı olarak yerini almıştır. m-Öğrenmenin avantajlarından
faydalanabilmek için, bu öğrenme yönteminin son kullanıcılar tarafından
benimsenmesi ve kabulü önemlidir. Literatürde, kullanıcıların m-öğrenme
kabulünü etkileyen faktörleri inceleyen birçok çalışma mevcuttur. Bu
çalışma, m-öğrenme kabulünü etkileyen
faktörleri belirleyebilmek için literatürdeki m-öğrenme kabulü çalışmalarının
sistematik bir şekilde incelenmesini amaçlamıştır. Ayrıca bu çalışmanın bir
diğer amacı m-öğrenme kabulünü tahmin etmek için kullanılan teorilerin
belirlenmesidir. Literatürdeki çalışmalara ulaşmak için sistematik inceleme
prosedürü tasarlanmış ve uygulanmıştır. Sistematik inceleme prosedürü ile elde
edinilen 51 çalışma, örneklem grupları, çalışmaların dayandığı teoriler ve
m-öğrenmenin kabulünü etkileyen faktörler ve aralarındaki ilişkiler kapsamında
incelenmiştir. Yürütülen çalışmalarda toplam 106 faktör belirlenmiş ve bu
faktörler m-öğrenmenin kabulü ve benimsenmesi bağlamında 12 boyut altında
gruplandırılmıştır. Ayrıca bu faktörler arasındaki ilişkiler incelenmiş ve
toplam 222 anlamlı ilişki bulunmuştur.
Bu ilişkilerden, Algılanan Fayda-Davranışsal Niyet, Algılanan Kullanım
Kolaylığı-Algılanan Fayda ve Algılanan Kullanım Kolaylığı-Davranışsal Niyet
ilişkilerinin istatistiksel olarak anlamlı sonuç veren ve en çok araştırılan
ilk üç ilişki olduğu gözlenmiştir.
A Necessidade do Conhecimento Matemático para Organização do Ensino: Cenas de um Processo de Formação Contínua
Authors: Esteves Anelisa Kisielewski , Souza Neusa Maria Marques de 
Published: August 2018

Este artigo apresenta reflexões sobre a necessidade de apropriação de conhecimentos matemáticos para organização do ensino, por um grupo de professoras dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Trata-se de um recorte de uma pesquisa de doutorado que investigou a relação conteúdo e forma na atividade de ensino em um processo de formação contínua. Os princípios teórico-metodológicos da teoria histórico-cultural, com enfoque na teoria da atividade e no método em Vygotski, fundamentam esta pesquisa, desenvolvida com a participação de professoras e coordenadoras do 1º ao 5º ano de uma escola em tempo integral da rede municipal de ensino de Campo Grande/MS. Durante o processo de formação contínua foram propiciados momentos de discussão de questões relacionadas com os conhecimentos matemáticos em si, análise de práticas pedagógicas, planejamento coletivo de atividades de ensino a serem desenvolvidas, além de momentos de socialização de experiências. Os dados analisados, a partir de situações vivenciadas ao longo do processo de formação, revelam a relação das professoras com a matemática e com o modo de organização de seu ensino, destacando a necessidade de discussão e de reflexão sobre os conteúdos matemáticos ensinados, de modo a possibilitar aos professores a apropriação de conceitos científicos, contribuindo, desse modo, para o desenvolvimento de seu pensamento teórico, o que possibilitará uma nova qualidade à atividade de ensino desenvolvida. Palavras-chave: Conhecimentos Matemáticos. Formação Contínua. Teoria da Atividade.Abstract This paper exposes reflections on the need for mathematical knowledge appropriation for the teaching organization, made by a group of teachers of Elementary School initial years. It is a fragment of a doctoral research that looked into the relation of form and content in the teaching activity of a continuing education process. The theoretical-methodological principles of the Cultural-historical activity theory - CHAT, focusing on the activity theory founded by Vigotski, justify this research. It was developed with the participation of teachers and coordinators from the first to fifth grade of a full-time city school in Campo Grande/MS. During the continuing education process there were moments to discuss questions related to the mathematical knowledge itself, pedagogical practices analysis, collaborative planning of teaching activities to be developed, besides moments to socialize experiences. The analyzed data, obtained from situations experienced during the education process, reveal the teachers connexion with math and their teaching organization method, highlighting the need for discussing and reflecting on the mathematical contents taught. Thus, it enables the appropriation of scientific concepts by teachers, contributing to their theoretical thinking development, and also providing a new quality to the developed teaching activity.Keywords: Mathematical Knowledge. Continuing Education. Activity Theory