bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fish Marketing System in Nepal: Present Status and Future Prospects
Authors: Husen Md. Akbal 
Published: March 2019

Efficient fish marketing needed for the growth of fish production as well as development of fishery sector. Domestic fish markets development in the Nepal will plays a very crucial role in the development of fisheries sector. Fish marketing system development in Nepal is in infant stage. Fish marketing channel has not been systematic in Nepal. The fish marketing infrastructure and the facilities for the fish market should be developed by identifying the possible production and collection centers in the country. Live fish have getting higher price in the market and fish imported from India price is lesser than fresh wet fish of Nepal. Government policy needed to upgrade the existing fish marketing system to ensure supply of hygiene fresh fish and processed fish for consumers.
Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 7(1): 1-5
Effect of Molasses and Organic Fertilizer in Soil fertility and Yield of Spinach in Khotang, Nepal
Authors: Pyakurel Anish , Dahal Bhishma Raj , Rijal Swodesh 
Published: March 2019

A field experiment was conducted at Diktel Rupakot Majhuwagadhi Municipality of Khotang district during April 14 to May 28 of 2018 to evaluate the effect of molasses and organic fertilizer in soil fertility and yield of Spinach (Spinacia oleracea var 'patane local'). The effect of molasses and organic fertilizer in soil fertility and yield of spinach was evaluated by using RCBD (Randomized Complete Block Design) with five treatments and five replications. The five treatments were soil application of molasses, foliar application of molasses, molasses+organic fertilizer, organic fertilizer and controlled soil. The field was divided into 25 plots, each having an area of 1.2×1.2 m2 and distance between each plot was 0.5m. Spacing of 30×15 cm2 was maintained. The mean comparison was done through Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Molasses+organic fertilizer had highly significant result in soil organic carbon content (SOC), nitrogen, potassium, soil PH and yield of Spinach. Higher soil organic carbon (4.51%), nitrogen (0.24%), potassium (557.80 mg/kg) and yield (3.08kg) was obtained at molasses+organic fertilizer whereas soil application of molasses had significantly low PH (5.54). Poor soil fertility, lack of sustainable soil management, lack of chemical fertilizers was problems for declining crop productivity in Khotang district. The experiment suggests that, farmers could be benefitted by application of molasses and organic fertilizer as it improves soil fertility and increases the yield of spinach.
Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 7(1): 49-53
Production Economics and Determinants of Potato Production in Nuwakot, Nepal
Authors: Dahal Bhishma Raj , Rijal Swodesh 
Published: March 2019

A study was conducted for comparative analysis of demographic, production economics and determinants of potato production between Kakani rural municipality and Bidur municipality of Nuwakot district. Altogether 120 potato producers, 56 from Kakani and 64 from Bidur were randomly selected. Pretested semi-structured questionnaire was administered to randomly selected farmers. Potato growers were interviewed using face to face interview method in the month of October 2018. All the data were entered into SPSS and Microsoft excel and analysis was done by using Microsoft excel, STATA and SPSS. Average productivity in the research area was 14.69 ton per hectare. Average cost of production and profit was Rs 8614.61 per ropani and Rs 6083 per ropani respectively. B/C ratio in the research area was 1.71. 10% increase in organic manure (FYM and poultry manure), pesticide and tuber resulted in 1.88%, 1.99% and 0.05% increase in income respectively. 10% increase in labor and chemical fertilizer resulted into 0.1% and 0.5% decrease in output. Labor and chemical fertilizer was over utilized resource for potato production. The probability of cultivation of potato in large scale was found to be 56.92% higher for those with access to extensive service and 47.89% higher for those who have received training. Most of the farmers don not use improved seed thus distributing improved seed, providing training and extension services help to increase profit of potato production in Nuwakot district. 100% increase in all the factor of production would result in 32.39% increase in potato production.
Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 7(1): 62-68
Effect of Age and Frequency of Collection on Quality of Jersey Bulls Semen at National Livestock Breeding Center (NLBC), Nepal
Authors: Sankhi S. , Sapkota K.R. , Regmi B. 
Published: March 2019

Objective: To determine the effect of age and frequency of collection on quality parameters of Jersey bull semen at National Livestock Breeding Center (NLBC), Pokhara.
Materials and Methodology: Nine Jersey bulls were selected randomly from NLBC. To obtain the effect of age, six bulls of three different age interval (3-4, 5-7 and 8-9 years) were selected randomly. Remaining three bulls were used to determine the effect of frequency of collection on semen quality. Studies were conducted for three months (Nov/Dec to Dec/Jan, 2016). Semen quality was analyzed using CASA system and SMILE software. ANOVA and paired t- tests were applied to find out level of significance. All the statistical analyses were done using SPSS 17.0
Results: Sperm concentration, post- thaw motility, live sperm, and abnormal sperm were significantly affected by the age of the bulls. Semen quality was found superior in the bulls belonging to 5-7 years of age intervals. Significantly higher value for semen volume, sperm concentration and post- thaw motility was obtained on second collection (P<0.05). However, volume initial motility, pre-filling motility, live sperm and abnormal sperm percentage did not differ significantly among different age intervals and between the frequencies of collection.
Conclusion: Different quality parameters of semen like volume, concentration, initial motility, pre-filling motility, post thaw motility, live and normal spermatozoa percentages were higher in 5-7 years old bulls and in second collection of semen.
Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 7(1): 88-95
Effect of Cultural and Biological Treatments in Managing Clubroot Disease of Cabbage in Sidhuwa, Nepal
Authors: Ghimire Ashish , Shrestha Sundarman 
Published: March 2019

The Plasmodiophora brassicae Woronin is an important soil pathogen that attacks brassicaceae family of plants. The ability of pathogen to survive in soil for many years as a resting structure even in the absence of suitable host has increased its threat by making it more devastating. Lower effectiveness of treatments applied so far and failure to completely eradicate the disease once it enters the field has posed more problems. The study was conducted at a disease infected field in Sidhuwa, Dhankuta. It was focused on the effectiveness of different cultural and biological treatments against clubroot disease under field conditions. The treatments; lime, combination of lime and vermicompost, Effective Microorganisms (EM) solution and Trichoderma viride were arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design and replicated four times. The yield and yield attributing parameters and clubroot scale were recorded at the time of harvest. Values like Disease Incidence, Disease Severity Index and Disease Control Percentage were calculated based on clubroot scale value. The treatments showed no significant influence on vegetative parameters of the plants and on disease incidence. However, the combined treatment of lime and vermicompost was found to be most effective regarding disease severity and disease control i.e. the least Disease Severity Index (31.25%) and highest Disease Control Percentage (50.94%) compared to the control were obtained from the combined treatment of lime and vermicompost. Effective Microorganisms showed the highest disease severity. The combination of lime and vermicompost used as a treatment yielded highest marketable head weight (1.779 kg) and head diameter (19.90 cm).
Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 7(1): 96-101
Challenges in the diagnosis of drug-resistant tuberculosis by GeneXpert MTB/Rif in Nepal
Authors: Shrestha S.K. , Shah N.P. , Jha K.K. , Pant R.P. , Joshi L.R. , Bichha R.P. , Karki K.B. 
Published: March 2019

Introduction: GeneXpert MTB/Rif assay is an automated, cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test that can accurately detect both tuberculosis and Rifampicin resistance. Since its introduction, there has been a steady uptake of this technology by the National Tuberculosis Program of Nepal. Nevertheless, a large number of drug-resistant TB cases remains undiagnosed. This study aims to examine the challenges in diagnosis of drug-resistant tuberculosis by the GeneXpert MTB/Rif assay in Nepal and explore the possible solutions.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study consisting of two parts – a quantitative part assessing the individual details and a qualitative part assessing the challenges on the diagnosis of drug-resistant TB by GeneXpert MTB/Rif assay. Data were collected from the GeneXpert operators, clinicians and program managers from 16 centers across the country and analyzed by IBM SPSS for Windows v23 and QDA Miner 4 Lite. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the sociodemographic and other characteristics of the study participants using mean, standard deviation and proportions as appropriate.
Results: A total of 48 technical manpower participated in the study. The mean age was 39.95 years and a majority of them (77.3%) were male. The major challenges identified were inadequate training, frequent power failure, difficulty in maintaining appropriate steady temperature, module failure which is often not replaced in time, issues with calibration and timely availability of cartridges as well as appropriate ways to store the new cartridges and safe disposal of the used cartridges.
Conclusion: A number of challenges limit the optimal utilization of GeneXpert MTB/Rif assay warranting action.
Proteomic profile of pulmonary and extra pulmonary TB samples
Authors: Kumar J. , Cheekavolu C. , Ashalatha V.L. , Leela P. , Daginawala H.F. 
Published: March 2019

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major health problem in India, so early diagnosis and treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb.) infection can prevent deaths from this pathogen. The secretion of proteins by M.tb. is important in diagnostic purposes for generation of therapeutic drugs and vaccines candidates for TB. The objective of this study was to identify the protein expression (biomarkers) in TB and Tuberculosis meningitis (TBM) using proteomic approach.
Methods: In this study, using Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDSPAGE), we analyzed the secretory proteins of M.tb. in serum, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples. The identified proteins were determined by Total Lab- 100 Quantity One densitometry software.
Results: Our study showed that protein bands expressed in CSF samples reveals the presence of 72kD, 70kD, 44kD, 40kD & 16kD predominantly in TBM patients compared to healthy individuals. The electrophoretogram identified 97kD, 72kD, 44kD, 38kD, 29kD & 16kD predominant proteins in serum samples of TB patients.
Conclusion: The detection of secretory proteins in serum and CSF samples of M.tb. in TB and TBM patients gives reliable and early diagnosis of TB and TBM. The secretory proteins can be useful as immunodiagnostic and vaccine targets which can serve as important biomarkers
Standortgerechter Produktionsanlauf im Netzwerk
Authors: Verhaelen Bastian , Treber Stefan , Häfner Benjamin , Lanza Gisela 
Published: March 2019

Kurzfassung
Vielen kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen bedarf es eines effizienten Managements des Produktionsanlaufs, um ihre globale Wettbewerbsfähigkeit zu erhöhen. Dieser Beitrag stellt einen Ansatz vor, mithilfe einer Standortanalyse und eines Planungs- und Steuerungsmodells den Produktionsanlauf an verschiedenen Standorten effizient durchzuführen. Hierzu werden gegebene Rahmenbedingungen eines Produktionsanlaufs an global verteilten Standorten analysiert und mit Hilfe einer Methodik einem Referenzprozess zugeordnet, um eine Anpassung an wechselnde globale Einflussfaktoren, wie z. B. Faktorkos-ten oder Marktentwicklungen, zu gewährleisten.
Elektromotorenproduktion 4.0
Authors: Mayr Andreas , Lutz Benjamin , Weigelt Michael , Gläßel Tobias , Seefried Johannes , Kißkalt Dominik , Franke Jörg 
Published: March 2019

Kurzfassung
Industrie 4.0 geht mit einer Vielzahl an Technologien einher, die großes Potenzial für die Elektromotorenproduktion von morgen bieten. Vor allem datengetriebene Ansätze, die sich der Methoden des maschinellen Lernens (ML) bedienen, rücken zunehmend in den Fokus. Im Rahmen dieses Beitrags wird gezeigt, wie sich die daraus ergebenden Potenziale systematisch erschließen lassen. Nach einem kurzen Überblick über bestehende ML-Ansätze in der Elektromotorenproduktion wird anhand des Referenzmodells CRISP-DM beispielhaft eine ML-basierte Qualitätsüberwachung für das Laserschweißen von Hairpins entwickelt.
A CLINICAL STUDY OF KATAKA CHURNA ON MALE SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION & POOR VISION
Authors: Saini Dr. Shri Ram , Saini Dr. Dholaram 
Published: March 2019

Context: Excessive sexual activity or masturbation causes oxidative stress, damaging the inner layer of the eye where the rods and cones are located. Think of rods and cones as molecular strainers that catch light. Oxidative stress of ocular tissues is a major culprit behind vision problems, such as eye floaters, glaucoma and cataracts.
Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of Kataka churna in the management of Male sexual dysfunction and Poor vision.
Methodology: 50 patients who have Timira (Poor vision) with associated symptoms Male sexual dysfunction (MSD) had selected for randomised control trial based on inclusion & exclusion criteria.
Results: The trial drug Kataka churna showed statistically significant results in subjective parameters of poor vision (Timira roga) but insignificant in MSD.
Key words: Timira, MSD, Kataka churna
Biodegradation of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) with Bacteria Isolated from TNT-polluted Waste Pink Water
Authors: Gün Gök Zehra , İnal Murat , Yiğitoğlu Mustafa 
Published: March 2019

In this study, bacterial strains that can use TNT as a nitrogen source isolated from TNT contaminated pink water. We isolated 5 bacterial strains and the isolated bacteria were cultured in medium containing TNT and TNT degradation capacities of isolates were determined by spectrophotometric analysis. According to the results of the analysis that have done, 3 bacterial isolates that have high TNT degradation capacity were selected and the isolates were identified with firstly Gram-staining then with 16S rRNA sequence analysis method. According to the sequence of 16S rRNA, water isolates were identified as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (SU K2), Klebsiella pneumoniae (SU K3), Raoultella planticola (SU K4). During the TNT degradation studies, at the end of 24 h incubation time, in the medium containing 100 mg/L TNT, TNT degradation rate for SU K2, SU K3 and SU K4 were determined 70 %, 96 % and 93 % respectively. 4-aminodinitrotoluene and 2-aminodinitrotoluene accumulations were detected in the culture medium of all isolates as intermediate products formed during the degradation of TNT by HPLC analysis. Additionally, nitrite accumulation was detected in the culture medium of all isolates and the influence of temperature and pH on the degradation of TNT was also investigated. It was determined that SU K2 isolates have the highest TNT degradation capacity at 35 °C, the others have at 30 °C and all isolates degraded TNT fastest at pH 7. The results of the study show that the new isolates can be useful for the removal of TNT in a wastewater treatment system.
A Case Study On Gerugu Dam Overtopping Under Different PMP Scenarios
Authors: Hock Hwee Heng , Ching Poon Hii 
Published: March 2019

A hydrological dam safety inspection was carried out for existing Gerugu dam (CA= 14 km2) by evaluating the hydrological performance of the bellmouth spillway in light of two different sets of Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP). For safety reason, it is utmost important that the flood rise does not exceed the embankment dam crest level (ECL). Gerugu dam (CA= 14 km2) is a small catchment earthfill zoned embankment dam that supplies raw waters to the water treatment plant downstream. This study selects both “coastal” type of PMP [13], [14] which is mostly representative of the extreme precipitation parameters adopted in the design of the dam and a recent set of PMP under NAHRIM [11] study. A catchment routing procedure is then used to translate the PMPs to PMFs for 1- to 120-hour duration and a conventional reservoir routing in tandem to estimate the outflows and corresponding flood rise over the full supply level (FSL) of the reservoir. The dam is considered safe under both coastal and NAHRIM [11] PMP scenarios as the flood rises for all cases are confined below the embankment crest level (ECL), i.e. +33.0 m msl.
Characterization of Early Pozzolanic Reaction of Calcium Hydroxide and Calcium Silicate Hydrate for Nanosilica Modified Cement Paste
Authors: Chong J.Z. , Sutan N.M. , Yakub I. 
Published: March 2019

This study intends to investigate the early pozzolanic reaction of Nanosilica (nS) modified cement paste (NMCP) by the characterization technique of Calcium Hydroxide (CH) and Calcium Silicate Hydrate (C-S-H ) using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). NMCP samples were prepared with water-binder ratio of 0.50. nS of 5-15nm particle size were used as 1%, 3% ,5% ,7% and 10% replacement of cement by weight. All samples were cured in the concrete laboratory at daily room temperature (T) and relative humidity (RH) in the range of 18-28oC and 65-90%, respectively. Powdered samples were prepared and tested at day 1,7,21 and 28. It was found that characterization technique used were able to give satisfactory qualitative indication of pozzolanic reactivity of NMCP by the presence and absence of C-S-H and C-H that can indicate which replacement has higher pozzolanicity. NMCP exhibited a higher pozzolanic reactivity compare to conventional cement paste by which cement performance was enhanced.
The Relationship between Management Practices and Safety
Authors: Cheng Siew Lee , Michael Florianna Lendai , Hamidi Hana , Abdullah Siti Mariam 
Published: March 2019

Work-related accidents is a controversial topic in Malaysia as evidenced by the increased number of occupational accidents throughout the years. The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between management practices and safety performance in an or-ganization. The four management practices investigated are (a) training, (b) management commitment, (c) communication and feedback, and (d) employee involvement. The most effective safety practice is also identified. The data was collected at a manufacturing com-pany located in Shah Alam, Malaysia using closed-ended questionnaire. 95 respondents from the production line were involved in this study. The result found that training had a very weak relationship to the safety performance while the management commitment, as well as the communication and feedback, revealed to have a weak impact on safety perfor-mance. On the other hand, the analysis showed that employee involvement is the most ef-fective safety practice to the safety performance, as it had a moderate impact on safety per-formance.
Keywords: Workplace health and safety; accidents; injuries; safety performance
The Relationship Between Workers’ Health and Night Shift Work in Food Franchise Industry in Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
Authors: Long Siew Wui , Michael Florianna Lendai , Hamidi Hana 
Published: March 2019

Shift work alters workers exposure to natural and artificial light, sleep patterns, and feeding patterns. Among other working population, shift workers are at a greater risk of developing metabolic impairments over time. Hence, this study aimed to study the relationship between workers’ health and night shift work in food franchise industry in Kuching, Sarawak. The independent variables are sleep pattern, mental health, psychological well-being, circadian rhythm, and insomnia, while the dependent variable is night shift work. Questionnaires were distributed using convenience sampling techniques and a total of 59 questionnaires were collected. Pearson Correlations test. showed that there is a significant relationship between workers’ health and night shift work. The implications on this research shows that there are more researches on the mitigation of health risk on shift workers.
Keywords: Night shift work; sleep pattern; mental health; psychological; circadian rhythm; insomnia
Perceived Fairness in Performance Appraisal System and Its Relationship with Work Performance
Authors: Xervaser Arene Ursolo , Ahmad Rusli , Abdullah Bandar Nur Fatihah , Abdullah Siti Mariam 
Published: March 2019

This study aims to identify employee perceptions of perceived fairness in performance appraisal system and work performance as the performance appraisal system is crucial to evaluate employees’ performance in every organization; public or private. A private Oil & Gas company in Miri, Sarawak was chosen for this study. Quantitative research method was employed in this study, and closed-ended questionnaires were used to collect data from respondents. Statistical analysis using One Way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and Independent sample t-test were used to test the hypotheses. The findings showed that there were no significance differences between the selected demographic factors (age, gender, duration of service, highest educational level, and rank) in performance appraisal system and the work performance. Also, there was a significant relationship between the rating accuracy in the performance appraisal system and work performance. Besides that, there was a significant relationship between employee perceptions of leadership styles in decision making in the performance appraisal system and work performance. The findings also showed that employees are concerned with the evaluation and rating given by their supervisor because the outcomes of the performance appraisal will influence their career development in the organization. Thus, performance appraisal system is crucial in increasing the work performance of employees and organization. Organizations should emphasize the role of the performance appraisal system practiced in their organizations and recognize that it is important in improving employees’ performance. Future researchers are encouraged to explore further on the performance appraisal elements that have not been investigated in this study, and conduct the research with a bigger population and sample size.Keywords: Performance Appraisal System; rating accuracy; leadership styles; work performance
The Relationship Between Non-Financial Compensation Factors with Employees Retention in a Selected Hotel Industry
Authors: Haimi Nur Fadzillah , Ahmad Rusli , Bandar Nur Fatihah Abdullah , Abdullah Siti Mariam , Sumilan Helmi , Shminan Ahmad Sofian 
Published: March 2019

This study aims to determine the relationship between non-financial compensation factors and employees retention in a selected hotel industry. A survey methodology was used in this study. A total of 120 questionnaires were administered to employees who are currently working in the hotel industry. Using the Pearson’s Correlation analysis test, this study analysed the relationship between employees retention and financial compensation factors which include opportunities for training and promotion, job challenges, recognition and the working environment. Multiple Linear Regression was used to determine the dominant factor that contributes to retention of employees. The results revealed that there was a significant relationship between the factors and employees retention. The results indicated that the working environment is the most dominant factor that contributes to employees retention.