bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes of Electrocochleographic Responses During Cochlear Implantation Presented at the Annual Meeting of ADANO 2016 in Berlin
Authors: Dalbert Adrian , Pfiffner Flurin , Hoesli Marco , Meerwein Christian , Veraguth Dorothe , Roosli Christof , Huber Alexander 
Published: March 2019

Objective:
To assess by electrocochleography (ECoG) at which times during cochlear implantation changes of cochlear function occur.

Methods:
Tone bursts with a frequency of 500 or 750 Hz were used as acoustic stimuli. The recording electrode was placed on the promontory and left in an unchanged position for all ECoG recordings.

Results:
Eight subjects were included. After opening the cochlea, an increase of the amplitude of the ECoG signal was detectable in four subjects (mean change 3.9 dB, range from 0.2 to 10.8 dB). No decreases were detectable after opening the cochlea or during the first half of the insertion of the CI electrode array (mean change 0.5 dB, range from −2.2 to 1.6 dB). During the second half of the insertion, the amplitude of the ECoG signal decreased in four subjects (mean change −2.5 dB, range from −0.04 to −4.8 dB). If a decrease occurred during the second half of the insertion, then the decrease continued in the earliest phase after insertion of the CI electrode array (mean change −2.1 dB, range from −0.5 to −5.8 dB).

Conclusion:
Pressure changes inside the cochlea can lead to an increase of ECoG signals after opening the cochlea. If detectable, then a decrease of ECoG signals occurs during the second half of the insertion of the CI electrode array and continues in the earliest phase after completed insertion. These findings suggest that cochlear trauma occurs toward the end of the insertion and that trauma-dependent postoperative mechanisms contribute to postoperative hearing loss.
The Clinical Outcomes After Intratympanic Gentamicin Injection to Treat Menière's Disease: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Yuyao , Fu Jiangtao , Lin Hongbin , Shen Chuan , Wang Xiaofei , Wu Jueting 
Published: March 2019

Objectives:
In recent decades, intratympanic gentamicin (ITG) has increasingly been used to treat intractable Menière's disease (MD). We performed a meta-analysis of pooled clinical outcomes, exploring whether ITG was effective and safe.

Data Sources:
Cochrane Library database, Embase, and Medline.

Study Selection:
We searched scientific and medical databases to March 2018 for articles evaluating clinical outcomes after ITG treatment of intractable MD according to the American Academy of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS) guidelines.

Data Extraction:
We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate treatment efficacy and safety. Quantitative and descriptive information of included RCTs was obtained.

Data Synthesis:
We ultimately evaluated 49 of the initially retrieved 1,062 citations (the 49 articles included data from a total of 2,344 MD patients). In almost all studies, patients served as their own controls; “before-and-after” clinical outcomes were reported. The I
2 metric was used to explore heterogeneity.

Conclusion:
Overall, our results seem to provide the limited evidence about efficacy and toxicity effects of ITG. However, clinical outcomes require further confirmation; many included studies were poorly designed, less than 2 years for reporting results in MD are in the majority of patients. More long-term prospective follow-up, high-quality, large-scale, randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm that ITG is safe and effective when used to treat intractable MD.
Cochlear Implantation in Patients With Single-sided Deafness After the Translabyrinthine Resection of the Vestibular Schwannoma—Presented at the Annual Meeting of ADANO 2016 in Berlin
Authors: Klenzner Thomas , Glaas Marcel , Volpert Simone , Jansen Nils , Kristin Julia , Schipper Jörg 
Published: March 2019

Objective:
To evaluate effectiveness of the cochlear implant (CI) to facilitate single-sided deafness (SSD) rehabilitation following translabyrinthine resection of the vestibular schwannoma.

Study Design:
Retrospective patient review.

Setting:
Single center, University hospital.

Patients:
Patients with SSD who underwent translabyrinthine resection of a vestibular schwannoma with anatomical preservation of the cochlear nerve and subsequent CI on the same ear.

Interventions:
CI at post-translabyrinthine resection of the acoustic neuroma to treat SSD, and evaluation by retrospective individual case review in a period from 2009 to 2016.

Main Outcome Measures:
Individual patients’ clinical outcome and speech understanding.

Results:
Thirteen patients were provided CI. In all cases, complete removal of the tumor was achieved and the cochlear nerve was preserved; in one case, the CI was implanted simultaneously. In most cases, the follow-up interval was 2 years. In 9 of 13 cases, the implanted ear achieved capability to understand and discriminate monosyllabic words at 65 dB. Level of speech understanding of over 50% at 65 dB was possible in 7 patients at 12 months after the first fitting of CI.

Conclusions:
Under certain conditions, CI was an effective solution to restore hearing in patients with SSD following translabyrinthine access to the skull base. Study with prospective design is required to provide more significant results.
Determining the Sample Size for Future Trials of Hearing Instruments for Unilaterally Deaf Adults: An Application of Network Meta-analysis
Authors: Gaunt Adam Christopher , Kitterick Pádraig Thomas 
Published: March 2019

Objective:
Previous trials have compared the efficacy of hearing instruments to no intervention in adults with single-sided deafness (SSD) or the relative efficacy of different instruments. Network meta-analysis (NMA) was used to refine estimates of effect sizes to determine required sample sizes for further trials.

Data Sources:
PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane, CINAHL, and DARE databases were searched with no restrictions on language, with studies to February 2015 included.

Study Selection:
Studies were included that 1) assessed hearing instruments in adults with SSD; 2) compared instruments with other instruments, placebo, or no intervention; 3) measured speech perception in quiet/noise and listening ability; 4) were prospective controlled or observational studies.

Data Extraction:
The following data were extracted: sample size in each group, type of intervention and comparator, type of outcomes, mean outcome scores and their 95% confidence intervals.

Data Synthesis:
Random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to determine pooled effects for each outcome based on direct evidence alone. NMA used graph-theoretical method to determine pooled effects based on indirect evidence. Sample size calculations were conducted for each outcome for each class of evidence.

Conclusions:
The incorporation of indirect evidence had substantial impacts on some effect sizes but negligible impacts on other effects. The most notable impacts were on self-reported listening ability and measures of speech perception in noise. Changes in effect size estimates and required sample sizes resulting from the incorporation of indirect evidence highlight areas of uncertainty where trials may be feasible to conduct.
Is Dedicated Research Time During Surgery Residency Associated With Surgeons’ Future Career Paths?
Authors: Andriole Dorothy A. , Klingensmith Mary E. , Fields Ryan C. , Jeffe Donna B. 
Published: March 2019

Objective:
We examined associations between participation in ≥1 year of research during general surgery residency and each of full-time academic-medicine faculty appointment and mentored-K and/or Research Project Grant (RPG, including R01 and other) awards.

Summary Background Data:
Many surgeons participate in ≥1 year of research during residency; however, the relationship between such dedicated research during general surgery residency and surgeons’ career paths has not been investigated in a national study.

Methods:
We analyzed deidentified data through August 2014 from the Association of American Medical Colleges, American Board of Medical Specialties, and the National Institutes of Health Information for Management, Planning, Analysis, and Coordination II grants database for 1997 to 2004 US medical-school graduates who completed ≥5 years of general surgery graduate medical education (GME) and became board-certified surgeons. Using multivariable logistic regression models, we identified independent predictors of faculty appointment and K/RPG award, reporting adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) significant at P < 0.05.

Results:
Of 5328 board-certified surgeons, there were 1848 (34.7%) GME-research participants, 1658 (31.1%) faculty appointees, and 58 (1.1%) K/RPG awardees. Controlling for sex, debt, MD/PhD graduation, and other variables, GME-research participants were more likely to have received faculty appointments (AOR 1.790; 95% CI 1.573–2.037) and federal K/RPG awards (AOR 4.596; 95% CI 2.355–8.969).

Conclusions:
Nationally, general surgery GME-research participation was independently associated with faculty appointment and K/RPG award receipt. These findings serve as benchmarks for general surgery residency programs aiming to prepare trainees for careers as academicians and surgeon-scientists.
Real-World Experience With VMAT2 Inhibitors
Authors: Niemann Nicki , Jankovic Joseph 
Published: March 2019

Objectives
The aim of this study was to review our “real-world” experience with the vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) inhibitors tetrabenazine (TBZ), deutetrabenazine (DTBZ), and valbenazine (VBZ) for treatment of hyperkinetic movement disorders. Access and adherence to VMAT2 inhibitors may be limited by insurance and regulatory issues, inexperience with their use by the prescribing physician, lack of efficacy, or side effects.

Methods
We performed a retrospective chart review, supplemented with a questionnaire, of all our patients treated with a VMAT2 inhibitor between January 1, 2017, and August 30, 2018.

Results
We identified 135 patients (57.8% male) and 178 prescriptions for VMAT2 inhibitors (TBZ, n = 45 [25.3%]; DTBZ, n = 104 [58.4%]; VBZ, n = 29 [16.3%]). Tourette syndrome/tics was the most common diagnosis (n = 67 [49.6%]) for which VMAT2 inhibitors were prescribed. The VMAT2 inhibitor mean treatment durations (range; SD) and daily dosages (range; SD) were as follows: TBZ (n = 31), 5.1 months (1–19; 3.9) at 48.8 mg (12.5–112.5; 29.6); DTBZ (n = 51), 8.0 months (0.25–16.5; 4.4) at 34.4 mg (6–96; 20.7); and VBZ (n = 20), 6.0 months (0.1–16; 5.6) at 64 mg (40–160; 35.3). The VMAT2 inhibitors effectively controlled hyperkinetic movement disorders as measured by a 1- to 4-point Likert scale (1 = normal or mildly ill, 4 = severely ill) comparing illness severity before starting and while on treatment (score of 1 in 13.0%–26.7% vs 60.9%–71.9% of patients). Side effects were mild and improved or resolved following dose reduction, drug cessation, or addition of adjunctive medications.

Conclusions
The VMAT2 inhibitors are effective and safe in a range of hyperkinetic movement disorders but are not readily accessible by patients in the United States for indications not approved by the Food and Drug Administration.
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Reduces Craving in Substance Use Disorders
Authors: Martinotti Giovanni , Lupi Matteo , Montemitro Chiara , Miuli Andrea , Di Natale Chiara , Spano Maria Chiara , Mancini Valerio , Lorusso Marco , Stigliano Gianfranco , Tambelli Antonio , Di Carlo Francesco , Di Caprio Lucia , Fraticelli Silvia , Chillemi Eleonora , Pettorruso Mauro , Sepede Gianna , di Giannantonio Massimo 
Published: March 2019

Objectives
The use of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in addiction disorders is still on its rise in comparison with pharmacological and psychotherapeutic strategies that still show low level of evidence. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the anodic tDCS for the short-term treatment of substance craving and other psychiatric symptoms.

Methods
In this randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trial, inclusion criteria included the diagnosis of substance use disorder and/or gambling disorder. The protocol includes 5 consecutive days of active or sham tDCS session. Cathode was placed over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, Young Mania Rating Scale, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, South Oaks Gambling Screen, and visual analog scale (VAS) 1 to 10 for craving were administered at the baseline (T0) and after 5 days of treatment (T1).

Results
Thirty-four treatment-seeking subjects were randomized to sham (n = 16) and active stimulation (n = 18) groups. A statistically significant reduction of values at T1 was found in all subjects considering VAS (P < 0.001), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (P < 0.001), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (P < 0.001), and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale 11 (P = 0.032). A significant reduction for VAS craving in favor of the active stimulation (P = 0.011) was found.

Conclusions
Our findings reveal a statistically significant rapid reduction of craving in the active tDCS group on the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex with respect to sham group, confirming the scientific literature trend. Large samples, with maintenance tDCS therapy and long-term follow-up, are required to establish the potential of this noninvasive and easily delivered brain stimulation strategy.
An open-source and low-cost feeding system for zebrafish facilities
Authors: Tangara Astou , Paresys Gérard , Bouallague Firas , Cabirou Yvon , Fodor Jozsua , Llobet Victor , Sumbre Germán 
Published: March 2019

AbstractZebrafish is an established animal model used in the fields of developmental biology and genetics for more than 60 years, and among the first models to become genetically tractable. More recently, zebrafish has also become a model of reference for human diseases and systems neuroscience.The current extensive use of zebrafish in research and pharmaceutical companies promoted the development of several commercial husbandry systems specially designed for zebrafish. However, feeding is still a challenging and arduous task that can result in occupational disorders of the personnel working at the zebrafish facilities (e.g. tendinitis, back pain, etc.). To palliate these risks, a commercial robotic approach has been developed, yet its expensive cost makes this solution accessible only to very large fish facilities. Most mid-size and small facilities with limited resources still use manual feeding methods.Here, we propose two custom-made open-source semi-automatic feeding systems for dry and live food, capable of preventing and/or alleviating occupational disorders, improve feeding accuracy and decrease feeding time. Both systems are designed for mid-size or small fish facilities. They are cheap and can be easily and rapidly built using 3D printing and standard electronic and lab components.
First hybrid complete genome ofAeromonas veroniireveals chromosome-mediated novel structural variantmcr-3.19from human clinical specimen
Authors: Ragupathi Naveen Kumar Devanga , Sethuvel Dhiviya Prabaa Muthuirulandi , Anandan Shalini , Murugan Divya , Asokan Kalaiarasi , Mohan Ramya Gajaraj Neethi , Vasudevan Karthick , D Thirumal Kumar , C George Priya Doss , Veeraraghavan Balaji 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundRecent findings substantiate the origin of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance genemcr-3from Aeromonads. The present study aimed to screen the plasmid-mediated colistin resistance among 30 clinical multidrug resistant (MDR)Aeromonas spp.ResultsThe presence ofmcr-1, mcr-2, mcr-3, and mcr-4were screened by PCR, which revealedmcr-3in a colistin susceptible isolate (FC951). All other isolates were negative formcrgenes. Sequencing of FC951 revealed thatmcr-3(mcr-3.19) identified was different from previously reported variants and had 95.62 and 95.28% nucleotide similarity withmcr-3.3andmcr-3.10gene. A hybrid assembly using IonTorrent and MinION reads revealed structural genetic information ofmcr-3.19with an insertion of ISAs18within the gene. Due to this,mcr-3.19was non-expressive which makes FC951 susceptible to colistin. Further,in silicosequence and protein structural analysis confirmed the new variant. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on novelmcr-3variant (mcr-3.19).ConclusionsThe significant role ofmcr-like genes in differentAeromonasspecies remains unknown and needs additional investigation to understand the insights on colistin resistance mechanism.
DNA barcode reference libraries for the monitoring of aquatic biota in Europe: Gap-analysis and recommendations for future work
Authors: Weigand Hannah , Beermann Arne J. , Čiampor Fedor , Costa Filipe O. , Csabai Zoltán , Duarte Sofia , Geiger Matthias F. , Grabowski Michał , Rimet Frédéric , Rulik Björn , Strand Malin , Szucsich Nikolaus , Weigand Alexander M. , Willassen Endre , Wyler Sofia A. , Bouchez Agnès , Borja Angel , Čiamporová-Zaťovičová Zuzana , Ferreira Sónia , Dijkstra KD , Eisendle Ursula , Freyhof Jörg , Gadawski Piotr , Graf Wolfram , Haegerbaeumer Arne , van der Hoorn Berry B. , Japoshvili Bella , Keresztes Lujza , Keskin Emre , Leese Florian , Macher Jan , Mamos Tomasz , Paz Guy , Pešić Vladimir , Pfannkuchen Daniela Maric , Pfannkuchen Martin Andreas , Price Benjamin W. , Rinkevich Buki , Teixeira Marcos A. L. , Várbíró Gábor , Ekrem Torbjørn 
Published: March 2019

AbstractEffective identification of species using short DNA fragments (DNA barcoding and DNA metabarcoding) requires reliable sequence reference libraries of known taxa. Both taxonomically comprehensive coverage and content quality are important for sufficient accuracy. For aquatic ecosystems in Europe, reliable barcode reference libraries are particularly important if molecular identification tools are to be implemented in biomonitoring and reports in the context of the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) and the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). We analysed gaps in the two most important reference databases, Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD) and NCBI GenBank, with a focus on the taxa most frequently used in WFD and MSFD. Our analyses show that coverage varies strongly among taxonomic groups, and among geographic regions. In general, groups that were actively targeted in barcode projects (e.g. fish, true bugs, caddisflies and vascular plants) are well represented in the barcode libraries, while others have fewer records (e.g. marine molluscs, ascidians, and freshwater diatoms). We also found that species monitored in several countries often are represented by barcodes in reference libraries, while species monitored in a single country frequently lack sequence records. A large proportion of species (up to 50%) in several taxonomic groups are only represented by private data in BOLD. Our results have implications for the future strategy to fill existing gaps in barcode libraries, especially if DNA metabarcoding is to be used in the monitoring of European aquatic biota under the WFD and MSFD. For example, missing species relevant to monitoring in multiple countries should be prioritized. We also discuss why a strategy for quality control and quality assurance of barcode reference libraries is needed and recommend future steps to ensure full utilization of metabarcoding in aquatic biomonitoring.
Vestibular modulation of multisensory integration during actual and vicarious tactile stimulation
Authors: Ponzo Sonia , Kirsch Louise P. , Fotopoulou Aikaterini , Jenkinson Paul M. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe vestibular system has been shown to contribute to multisensory integration by balancing conflictual sensory information. It remains unclear whether such modulation of exteroceptive (e.g. vision), proprioceptive and interoceptive (e.g. affective touch) sensory sources is influenced by epistemically different aspects of tactile stimulation (i.e. felt from within vs seen, vicarious touch).ObjectiveWe aimed to i) replicate previous findings regarding the effects of galvanic stimulation of the right vestibular network (i.e. LGVS) in multisensory integration and ii) examine vestibular contributions to multisensory integration when touch is felt but not seen (and vice-versa).MethodDuring artificial vestibular stimulation (LGVS, RGVS and Sham), healthy participants (N=36, Experiment 1; N=37, Experiment 2) looked at a rubber hand while either their own unseen hand or the rubber hand were touched by affective or neutral touch.ResultsWe found that i) LGVS led to enhancement of vision over proprioception during visual only conditions (replicating our previous findings), and ii) LGVS (vs Sham) favoured proprioception over vision when touch was felt (Experiment 1), with the opposite results when touch was vicariously perceived via vision (Experiment 2), and with no difference between affective and neutral touch.ConclusionsWe showed how vestibular signals modulate the weight of each sensory modality according to the context in which they are perceived and that such modulation extends to different aspects of tactile stimulation: felt and seen touch are differentially balanced in multisensory integration according to their epistemic relevance.HighlightsLGVS increased proprioceptive drift during vision of a rubber handTouch on participant’s hand decreased proprioceptive drift during LGVSVicarious touch on the Rubber Hand increased proprioceptive drift during LGVSVestibular signals differently balance sensory sources in multisensory integration
3D rotational motion of an endocytic vesicle on a complex microtubule network in a living cell
Authors: Lee S. , Higuchi H. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTThe transport dynamics of endocytic vesicles in a living cell contains essential biomedical information. Although the movement mechanism of a vesicle by motor proteins has been revealed, understanding the precise movement of vesicles on the cytoskeleton in a living cell has been considered challenging, due to the complex 3D network of cytoskeletons. Here, we specify the shape of the 3D interaction between the vesicle and microtubule, based on the theoretically estimated location of the microtubule and the vesicle trajectory data acquired at high spatial and temporal precision. We detected that vesicles showed more frequent direction changes with either in very acute or in obtuse angles than right angles, on similar time scales in a microtubule network. Interestingly, when a vesicle interacted with a relatively longer (> 400 nm) microtubule filament, rotational movement along the axis of the microtubule was frequently observed, implying an obstacle-avoiding motion. Our results are expected to give in-depth insight into understanding the actual 3D interactions between the intracellular molecule and complex cytoskeletal network.