bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GIST-ery solved: story of an intestinal mass in a young lady
Authors: Jayasheelan Shikha , Sreeram Saraswathy , NS Akash , Mohan Abhay 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A 19-year-old woman presented with abdominal pain and a palpable mass, initially suspected to be a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) based on imaging. Surgical excision revealed a sclerotic spindle cell neoplasm with minimal cytological atypia, but immunohistochemistry (IHC) was negative for GIST-specific markers. The pan-negative IHC profile, along with calcification foci and low Ki67 index (&lt;1%), led to a diagnosis of calcifying fibrous tumor (CFT). This case highlights the importance of precise diagnostic evaluation and consideration of rare entities like CFT. Comprehensive histopathological evaluation and IHC are essential diagnostic tools, as they can distinguish between GIST and CFT, leading to accurate treatment and patient management. This case underscores the value of thorough pathological assessment in resolving diagnostic challenges.
Relationship between sexual dysfunction and burnout among physicians in primary hospital: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Tan Xing , Tian Yu , Zhu Ting-Ting , Ge Peng-Peng , Wang Quan-Jie , Chen Rong , Xu Rong-Hui , Meng Xiao-Juan , Zhang Tong-Tong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The relationship between sexual dysfunction and burnout among physicians remains unclear.

Aim
To investigate the frequency of sexual dysfunction among physicians in primary hospital and explore the association between sexual dysfunction and burnout.

Methods
This study was a cross-sectional survey conducted through a questionnaire. We used the Arizona Sexual Experience Scale and the Chinese version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory–Human Service Survey to assess sexual function and burnout among physicians in primary hospital. Considering the working environment of physicians, we also evaluated the doctor-patient relationship and sleep quality.

Outcomes
Over one-third of physicians experience sexual dysfunction. Burnout is a significant factor to sexual dysfunction among medical professionals.

Results
A total of 382 doctors participated in this survey, and the prevalence of sexual dysfunction was 33.51%. Sexual arousal and orgasm were the main sexual dysfunctions faced by male and female doctors, respectively. The prevalence of burnout among physicians was 43.72%. The prevalence of sexual dysfunction among physicians experiencing burnout (45.51%) was higher than that observed in physicians without burnout (24.19%). Physicians with burnout exhibited significantly higher total and individual scores on the Arizona Sexual Experience Scale as compared with physicians without burnout (all P values &lt;.05). There was a significant positive correlation between depersonalization and sexual drive (r = 0.508, P &lt; .001), sexual arousal (r = 0.521, P &lt; .001), lubrication (r = 0.432, P &lt; .001), orgasm/erection (r = 0.420, P &lt; .001), and sexual satisfaction (r = 0.434, P &lt; .001). Logistic regression analysis confirmed that—in addition to burnout—older age, dissatisfaction with income, a poor doctor-patient relationship, and poor sleep were significant contributors to sexual dysfunction among physicians in primary hospitals.

Clinical Implications
Sexual health is an integral aspect of well-being. Prioritizing the sexual health of medical professionals can significantly contribute to improving their productivity.

Strengths and Limitations
First, our sample size was small, and the impact of different specialties on sexual functioning was somewhat overlooked. Second, we lacked laboratory data (eg, testosterone and prolactin levels) that could provide substantial support to sexual identification. Finally, although we used logistic regression to establish causality, the relationship between sexual dysfunction and certain factors may be bidirectional.

Conclusions
The issue of sexual dysfunction among doctors needs more attention. We should make targeted efforts to improve the quality of physicians’ sexual lives.
Symptomatic Entamoeba dispar Infections Among Men Who Have Sex With Men, New York City, 2018
Authors: Mergen Kimberly , Alleyne Lisa , Fitzhenry Robert , Sunkara Rajmohan , Gutelius Bruce , Alderman Ashley , Dickinson Michelle C , McGibbon Emily , Thompson Corinne N , Madison-Antenucci Susan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Entamoeba histolytica is considered the primary species causing the parasitic gastrointestinal infection amebiasis. A cluster of amebiasis infections was identified in 2018 among men who have sex with men in New York City and was likely caused by Entamoeba dispar, traditionally considered to be nonpathogenic.
A Road Map to Hepatitis C Elimination: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow
Authors: Gonzalez Corro Luis A , Lucas Gregory M , Page Kathleen R 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
There are an estimated 3.5 million people with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the United States, resulting in 15 000 HCV-related deaths in 2019 and approximately $7 billion annually in healthcare costs. Although the United States had experienced declining incidence, since 2010 hepatitis C infections have rebounded. The history of HCV treatment can be seen as a series of scientific triumphs that should be celebrated as the accomplishments that they represent. But new treatments will only get us so far: Social determinants of health drive the majority of health outcomes. Without addressing the factors that impact the lives of our patients, we will fall short in the outcomes we seek. Public health systems, hospital networks, and governments must work more cohesively to eradicate hepatitis C. We have the tools, both biomedical and social. The end of hepatitis C depends on our willingness to make use of them.
Insights on Arc Magmatic Systems Drawn from Natural Melt Inclusions and Crystallization Experiments at P
H2O
= 800 MPa under Oxidizing Conditions
Authors: Andrys Janine L , Cottrell Elizabeth , Kelley Katherine A , Waters Laura E , Coombs Michelle L 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Whole rock compositions at Buldir Volcano, western Aleutian arc, record a strong, continuous trend of iron depletion with decreasing MgO, classically interpreted as a calc-alkaline liquid line of descent. In contrast, olivine-hosted melt inclusions have higher total iron (FeO*) than whole rocks and show little change in FeO* with decreasing MgO. To investigate this discrepancy and determine the conditions required for strong iron depletion, we conducted oxygen fugacity (ƒO2) buffered, water-saturated crystallization experiments at 800 MPa and ƒO2 = QFM + 1.6 ± 0.4 (1$\sigma$) (where QFM refers to the quartz-fayalite-magnetite buffer) on a high-Al, basaltic starting material modeled after a Buldir lava. Experimental conditions were informed by olivine-hosted melt inclusions that record minimum entrapment pressures as high as 570 MPa, &gt;6 wt % H2O, and ƒO2 of QFM + 1.4 (±0.2), making Buldir one of the most oxidized and wettest arc volcanoes documented globally. The experiments produce melts with Si-enrichment and Fe-depletion signatures characteristic of evolved, calc-alkaline magmas at the lowest MgO, although FeO* remains roughly constant over most of the experimental temperature range. Experiments saturate CrAl-spinel and olivine at 1160°C, followed by clinopyroxene and Al-spinel at 1085°C, hornblende at 1060°C, and, finally, plagioclase and magnetite between 1040°C and 960°C. Hornblende crystallization, not magnetite, generates the largest increase in SiO2 and largest decrease in FeO* in coexisting melts. Compositions of melt inclusions are consistent with experimental melts and reflect crystallization of a basaltic parent magma at high PH2O. In contrast, the whole rock compositional trends are influenced by magma mixing and phenocryst redistribution and accumulation. The crystallization experiments and natural liquids (melt inclusions and groundmass glass) from Buldir suggest that for an oxidized, hydrous primary basalt starting composition, significant Fe depletion from the melt will not occur until intermediate to late stages of magma crystallization (&lt; ~4.5 wt % MgO). We conclude that the Buldir whole rock trend cannot be reproduced by crystallization at arc-relevant oxygen fugacities and is not a true liquid line of descent, warranting caution when interpreting volcanic trends globally.
Virulence effectors encoded in the rice yellow dwarf phytoplasma genome participate in pathogenesis
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Gan Peng , Xie Huiting , Li Chuan , Tang Tianxin , Hu Qiong , Zhu Zhihong , Zhang Zhongkai , Zhang Jisen , Zhu Yongsheng , Hu Qun , Hu Jie , Guan Hongxin , Zhao Shanshan , Wu Jianguo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Bacteria-like phytoplasmas alternate between plant and insect hosts, secreting proteins that disrupt host development. In this study, we sequenced the complete genome of “Candidatus Phytoplasma oryzae” strain HN2022, associated with rice yellow dwarf (RYD) disease, using PacBio HiFi technology. The strain was classified within the 16Sr XI-B subgroup. Through SignalP v5.0 for prediction and subsequent expression analysis of secreted proteins in Nicotiana benthamiana and rice (Oryza sativa L.), we identified the key virulence effector proteins RY348 and RY378. RY348, a homolog of Secreted Aster Yellows Phytoplasma Effector 54 (SAP54), targets and degrades the MADS-box transcription factors MADS1 and MADS15, causing pollen sterility. Meanwhile, RY378 impacts the strigolactone and auxin signaling pathways, substantially increasing tillering. These findings offer insights into the interactions between plants and phytoplasmas.
Rationale and concerns for using JAK inhibitors in axial spondyloarthritis
Authors: Ahmed Saad , Yesudian Rohan , Ubaide Hassan , Coates Laura C 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a chronic illness with limited treatment options. The role of Janus kinase (JAK) inhibition as a therapeutic option has increasingly become a focus of research in recent years as they have brought a new mode of action to the clinical armamentarium. This review assesses the efficacy and safety profile of these drugs in axSpA. The current phase 2 and 3 clinical trials data are summarized across tofacitinib, upadacitinib and filgotinib. Moreover, the safety profiles of these drugs, in the context of emerging safety signals such as during the ORAL surveillance study, are reviewed. In summary, JAK inhibitors offer a novel therapeutic target for axSpA and appear to address some of the unmet needs for patients who have either failed to respond to current treatment options or in whom they are contraindicated. There is a relative lack of evidence in non-radiographic axSpA and longer-term trials are needed to establish true efficacy and safety profile in radiographic axSpA.
Capturing drought stress signals: the potential of dendrometers for monitoring tree water status
Authors: Ziegler Yanick , Grote Rüdiger , Alongi Franklin , Knüver Timo , Ruehr Nadine K 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The severity of droughts is expected to increase with climate change, leading to more frequent tree mortality and a decline in forest ecosystem services. Consequently, there is an urgent need for monitoring networks to provide early warnings of drought impacts on forests. Dendrometers capturing stem diameter variations may offer a simple and relatively low-cost opportunity. However, the links between stem shrinkage, a direct expression of tree water deficit (TWD), and hydraulic stress are not well understood thus far. In this study, we exposed two widespread conifers Pinus sylvestris L. and Larix decidua Mill. to lethal dehydration by withholding water and closely monitored TWD, midday water potential ($\psi $) and midday stomatal conductance (${\textit g}_{\textit s}$) under controlled greenhouse conditions. We found strong relationships between the three variables throughout the dehydration process, particularly suggesting the potential for continuous $\psi $ predictions and stomatal closure assessments. However, the relationships decoupled during recovery from severe drought. We also identified TWD thresholds that signal the onset of drought stress and tissue damage, providing insights into stress impacts and recovery potential. While these findings are promising, challenges remain in practically transferring them to field set-ups by suitable TWD normalization. Importantly, we observed that midday ${\textit g}_{\textit s}$ was drastically reduced when TWD persisted overnight, providing a directly applicable drought stress signal that does not require normalization. In conclusion, while challenges remain, our results highlight the potential of dendrometers for monitoring tree water dynamics. Implementing dendrometer networks could support the development of early warning metrics for drought impacts, enabling large-scale monitoring in diverse settings, such as urban areas and forest ecosystems.
Breech Presentation: Delivery Management and Future Perspectives
Authors: Fiorentini Marta , Nedu Bianca , Dapoto Fabrizio , Brognoli Silvia , Brunelli Elena , Youssef Aly 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Breech presentation is a relatively common fetal malposition, affecting 3% to 5% of fetuses at term. Although various clinical conditions are associated with breech presentation, its prevalence decreases as gestational age progresses toward term. Despite ongoing global academic and clinical debates on the management of breech presentation, there is a growing recognition that the decision on the mode of delivery should consider the patient’s preferences. Adequate counseling on available options is crucial. For patients with a term singleton fetus in a breech position who prefer a planned vaginal delivery, the external cephalic version (ECV) serves as an alternative to planned cesarean section (CS). ECV involves gently manipulating the fetus on the mother’s abdomen to achieve a cephalic presentation, with a reported success rate of 58%. The procedure is typically performed at or after 37 weeks, and a thorough assessment of fetal well-being is mandatory. While short-term benefits of planned CS for term breech presentation have been demonstrated in neonatal and maternal outcomes, a trial of breech vaginal delivery can be considered in the absence of contraindications and based on the patient’s preference. It is crucial for an experienced healthcare provider to offer appropriate assistance to ensure maternal and child well-being and minimize complications, whether attempting a vaginal birth or opting for a CS for breech presentation. Ultrasonography plays a crucial role in diagnosing breech presentation, and transabdominal ultrasound can offer valuable information for predicting ECV success, including placental location and amniotic fluid quantity. Emerging techniques in ultrasonography, such as transperineal ultrasound to assess fetal presenting part engagement and transabdominal ultrasound to evaluate fetal head flexion and position, are increasingly employed in labor ward evaluations. The recently introduced breech progression angle, a transperineal sonographic parameter, holds promise as a reliable tool not only for predicting ECV success but also for assessing the risk of cesarean delivery in patients who will undergo a trial of breech vaginal delivery.
Acupuncture-induced gene co-expression networks in postmenopausal women with osteoarthritis and osteoporosis: in-silico analysis
Authors: García-Espinosa Michell E. , Limias-Quezada Paul , Ortega-Meléndez Alejandra I. , Ballinas-Verdugo Martha A. , López-Gómez Rosa E. , López-Espinosa Emma , Jiménez-Ortega Rogelio F. 
Published: November 2024

Objective:
Bone is a tissue that is constantly remodeled to adjust the microarchitecture and maintain the mechanical needs of bone through the balance of bone resorption and formation processes. Alterations in these processes can lead to the development of different diseases, such as osteoarthritis and osteoporosis. In recent years, it has been shown that acupuncture is an effective treatment for pain, physical dysfunctions, and the immune system, so the stimulation of acupuncture points could affect genes associated with inflammatory processes and, therefore, osteoarthritis and osteoporosis. To analyze changes in gene expression post-acupuncture in data from a group of individuals with osteoarthritis that also manifests in osteoporosis.

Methods:
Through using microarray technology and bioinformatics analysis, potential genes associated with osteoarthritis after acupuncture treatment are identified and compared with genes implicated in osteoporosis. The genes identified in each disease were evaluated through a Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) signaling pathway analysis, where the results allowed the generation of an in-silico model that shows interaction networks between signaling pathways and genes involved in both diseases.

Results:
In this interaction, 37 differentially expressed genes were identified in patients with osteoarthritis before and after acupuncture treatment, and 665 differentially expressed genes were involved in osteoporosis. In the osteoarthritis group, 15 signaling pathways involved in this disease were obtained, and for osteoporosis, 13 signaling pathways associated with immunological processes that participate in bone metabolism were obtained osteoarthritis and osteoporosis are two age-associated diseases that are characterized by alterations in the bone remodeling mechanism induced by changes in gene expression profiles.

Conclusions:
Treatment with acupuncture can modify various cytokines involved in diseases related to the immune system so that it can have beneficial effects on osteoarthritis and osteoporosis. In addition, bioinformatics analysis allows us to know those signaling pathways through which they could have acupuncture effects.
A Novel Anthropometric Phantom for Rapid Radiological Triage: A Quick Sort Triage Solution
Authors: Datz Hanan , Aviv Ofer , Spitz Henry 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Rapidly identifying individuals who have received internal radiation exposure above action guidelines is crucial for mitigating health risks and addressing public concerns immediately following a radiological event involving the dispersal of radioactive materials. This study describes a novel triage method using a conventional Geiger-Mueller (GM) detector to select those individuals from the large group of persons who may have received an intake of radioactive material at levels corresponding to one Clinical Decision Guide (CDG). The triage method involves placing a portable GM detector against the lower anterior torso of a sitting person as they bend over to surround the detector with their body. The response of the GM detector is evaluated using a new, specially designed anthropometric phantom that simulates combined tissues of the lower thorax and gastrointestinal (GI) tract and is fabricated with a tissue substitute material that matches the overall radiological properties of human tissue present in this body region. The phantom has four separate layers of tissue substitute material with ports to accommodate a single GM detector at the center and one or more sealed radioactive sources that can be arranged to characterize the detector response for a variety of source distributions, including a “hot spot.” In this study, the response of a Ludlum Model 133-4 GM detector was evaluated using sealed sources of 232Th and 137Cs to determine the measurement efficiency for a quantity of activity present in the abdomen within a few hours post-intake equivalent to 1 CDG. Results demonstrate that the Quick Sort triage procedure using a single GM detector placed against the abdomen of a person can reliably detect internal deposition resulting from an intake equivalent to 1 CDG for 232Th or a significantly lower activity of 137Cs within a few hours following a radiological incident. The evaluation was performed over a wide range of photon energies, so the Quick Sort triage procedure is expected to be suitable for most fission products distributed uniformly within the abdomen or as a single “hot spot.”
Corneal Higher-Order Aberrations and Visual Acuity After Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty in Treating Limbal Dermoid
Authors: Hashi Shiori , Kasamatsu Hirotsugu , Ogiwara Yurina , Takanori Suzuki  , Matsumae Hiroshi , Yagi-Yaguchi Yukari , Daisuke Tomida  , Shimazaki Jun , Yamaguchi Takefumi 
Published: November 2024

Purpose:
To evaluate the corneal higher-order aberrations (HOAs) in eyes with limbal dermoids before and after excision and anterior lamellar keratoplasty (ALK) and its impact on visual acuity.

Methods:
This retrospective consecutive study included 39 eyes of 39 patients with limbal dermoid who underwent ALK. Higher-order aberrations were measured using anterior segment optical coherence tomography. The correlation between HOAs and visual acuity was investigated.

Results:
The mean logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution significantly improved from 0.21±0.41 to 0.12±0.34 after ALK (P=0.038). The HOAs of the total cornea within a 4-mm diameter significantly decreased from 2.66±5.51 μm to 1.09±1.48 after ALK (P=0.006). Logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution was significantly correlated with corneal HOAs (r=0.610, P<0.001 before ALK, r=0.518, P=0.008 after ALK), preoperative corneal astigmatism (r = −0.336, P=0.036), and dermoid diameter (r=0.467, P=0.004) but not with postoperative corneal astigmatism (r=0.017, P=0.934).

Conclusions:
Corneal HOAs and dermoid diameter were associated with decreased visual acuity in limbal dermoid. Excision of limbal dermoids and ALK significantly reduced corneal HOA and improved visual acuity.
Severe Corneal Flattening After Endothelial Keratoplasty: Collagen Compaction Syndrome
Authors: Moloney Gregory , Al-Zanki Sara , Burgos-Blasco Barbara , Fadaifard Martinez Mariam , Bujak Matthew , Dhaliwal Deepinder K. 
Published: November 2024

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to present a case series of patients with extreme corneal flattening after uneventful endothelial keratoplasty (EK): collagen compaction syndrome.

Methods:
Four patients (2 men, 2 women, mean age 64.8 ± 11.8 years) underwent successful EK after a period of chronic corneal edema (4–7.5 months): 3 received Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty after unsuccessful Descemet stripping only for Fuchs dystrophy and 1 received Descemet automated endothelial keratoplasty after prolonged pseudophakic bullous keratopathy.

Results:
All patients developed significant corneal flattening, affecting their vision and inducing a large hyperopic refractive outcome, best-corrected visual acuities ranging from 20/40 to 20/200.

Conclusions:
Chronic corneal edema may result in severe corneal flattening after EK. Preoperative duration of stromal edema might affect the outcome of EK and should, therefore, be considered in the timing of surgery. In cases of dense focal edema, including post-Descemet stripping only surgery, rescue treatment at week 8 should be considered.