bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Age and gender differences in repetitive sprinting in 9-14-year-olds living in Turkey
Authors: Can İbrahim , Ataş Bilgin , Smits-Engelsman Bouwien 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background: Since children’s daily activities are mostly anaerobic, it is important to assess anaerobic performance as part of the physical assessment. Therefore, running speed, power, and heart rate during repetitive sprints were investigated.
Method: 118 children participated (mean age:11.5 range 9-14; 48% boys, 52% girls) and performed the children’s repetitive and intermittent sprinting performance (CRISP) test, which consists of six sprint runs performed at maximal speed over 30-meter with short recovery periods (10 s) between each run. GLM Repeated Measures were used to examine the effect of runs (within-subject factor) and age and gender (between-subject factor) and possible interactions for running speed, power, and heart rate.
Results: A large main effect of runs was found on running time [p< 0.001, eta 0.54]; with a polynomial higher-order effect [p=0.013], indicating a non-linear slowdown over the runs. Themain effect of age, [p< 0.033, eta 0.11] and gender [p< 0.011, eta 0.06] indicated that overall older children and boys ran faster. However, interaction effects showed that girls fatigued more in the second half of the test, which led to larger differences with the boys in the later runs of the CRISP. Moreover, the interaction effect of age-by-run-by-gender revealed that children run faster after the age of 12 and before that age, there was no age effect. Also, young children, predominantly boys, showed less fatigue, as their last runs were comparable in time to the first ones. Analysis of the power showed a main effect of age, indicating more power in older children [p< 0.001, eta 0.40], especially after 11 years. No differences between genders were found for power. Heart rate increased significantly during the repetitive sprinting [p< 0.001, eta 0.77] No differences for age or gender were found for mean or peak heart rate.
Conclusion The CRISP test is sensitive to running fatigue [eta 0.54] and distinguishes between the performance characteristics of children according to age and gender. Running speed and power go up between 12 and 14 years. Girls run slower but generate comparable power over the runs. Yet they fatigue more in the second half of the test than boys.
Geometry Measurements of Turbulent Dimethyl Ether/Air Flames with Novel Levels of Preheat Temperature and Dilution
Authors: Diskerud Nicholas M. , Driscoll James F. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

A new turbulent flame burner, called the Vitiator-Assisted Preheat Oxygen Reducing (VAPOR) burner was designed to provide higher levels of reactant preheat temperature (TR, up to 1100K), Reynolds number (Re), and dilution with inert gases than in previous studies. The burner was demon- strated to provide stable dimethyl ether (DME)/air flames for both premixed and diffusion flame cases. An advantage of the design is that it avoids the need for a surrounding pilot flame, which was required in some previous studies. A pilot flame complicates any attempts to model the experiment. DME was selected because it is a low-carbon fuel that can be produced from bio-fuels and natural gas. The need for a new burner arises from the lack of flame measurements at high levels of TR, Re and inert dilution. Additionally, experimental measurements of DME/air combustion is an area of opportunity in alternative fuels research. In realistic engines, combustion often occurs when reactants are preheated, diluted with inerts (sometimes due to gas recirculation), and when Reynolds numbers are large. However, for the vast majority of previous turbulent flame studies, the reactant tempera- ture was limited to room temperature. To demonstrate the usefulness of the VAPOR burner, some measurements are reported and compared to previous studies and theoretical models. The normalized flame height for premixed flames was measured to decrease by 19% as the preheat temperature was increased from 600K− 1000K, and increase by 14% as the oxygen concentration was reduced from 21% − 15% for a preheat temperature of 600K. The normalized flame height for diffusion flames was measured to decrease by 7% as the preheat temperature was increased from 600K− 1100K. This work demonstrated the VAPOR burner’s potential for the study of premixed and diffusion jet flames subjected to novel levels of preheat at controllable levels of dilution.
Highly Selective and Sensitive Detection of Quinolone Antibiotics Using Lanthanide Metal-Organic Framework-Based White-Light Materials
Authors: Zhao Lina , Li Guangming , Liu Hongbo , Xia Ming 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Antibiotics have emerged as predominant contaminants in wastewater, posing significant threats to ecosystems and public health. Consequently, the detection of these antibiotic residues is imperative for mitigating environmental pollution and ensuring food safety. Metal-organic frameworks, characterized by their distinctive structures and optical properties, present innovative solutions for the efficient and sensitive detection of antibiotics. In this study, two lanthanide-based MOF luminophores were synthesized, and by fine-tuning their proportions, white light-emitting materials were developed for the detection of quinolone antibiotics. These luminophores exhibit antibiotic detection through observable colorimetric changes, achieving detection limits as low as 4.863 × 10⁻⁸ M for ciprofloxacin (CPFX) and 9.259 × 10⁻⁷ M for norfloxacin (NFX). This research lays a substantial foundation for the development of high-performance sensors, thereby advancing the field of environmental monitoring technologies.
Preliminary Evaluation of SHAVER: Sharing Vector Registers with an Accelerator
Authors: Tanaka Tomoaki , Kato Michiya , Osana Yasunori , Miyoshi Takefumi , Tada Jubee , Tanaka Kiyofumi , Nakajo Hironori 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

In recent years, demand for data-parallel processing has been growing, and this parallelism often appears in AI processes. One method to accelerate these processes is using DSA, domain-specific architecture. A common data transfer method on DSA is DMA, which is direct memory access. There are several studies on DMA-based accelerators. However, few studies focus on data transfer methods. In this paper, a vector register-sharing mechanism has been proposed as a new data transfer method. Our proposed mechanism is named "SHAVER". In this mechanism, a part of vector registers is directly shared with an accelerator. An open-source RISC-V vector co-processor is used to evaluate the mechanism's potential. It has been implemented on an FPGA and a simulator for the evaluations. The results indicate the possibility of the proposal mechanism to achieve a maximum of 8.38% speedup over DMA transfer.
Smartphones usage and group activity improve depression among older adult residents of nursing institutions in China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wang Yuqi , Zhu Chunpeng , Sheng Yaoyao , Li Hongxia , Chen Wenwen , Wang Lingling , Xu Haorong , Yu Li , Fang Cheng , Chen Yiping , Wang Caihua 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Backgroud: The increasing prevalence of anxiety and depression among older adults has become a significant social and medical burden in China. While smartphone use and group activities are known to have a dual effect on mental health, the relationship between these factors and the well-being of the elderly remains poorly understood. This study aims to explore the relationship between smartphone use, group activities, and the mental health of older adult residents in nursing homes.
Methods: A total of 450 older adult residents (M = 84.71 years, SD = 7.82) completed a questionnaire assessing smartphone use, participation in group activities, and mental health (depression and anxiety). Logistic models were used to examine the association between smartphone use, group activity, and mental health outcomes.
Results: Smartphone use (OR = 0.51) and frequency of participation in group activities (OR = 0.91) were significantly associated with lower prevalence of depression. These associations remained significant when both smartphone use (OR = 0.56) and group activity participation (OR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.85-0.98) were included in the model. However, neither smartphone use nor group activity participation showed a significant association with the prevalence of anxiety.
Conclusions: Smartphone use and group activities have a positive impact on reducing depression among older adults. Based on the findings of this study, we recommend incorporating both online and offline recreational activities, such as using smartphones and participating in group activities, to support the mental well-being of older adults.
Trial Registration: The status and influencing factors analysis of anxiety and depression among residents of older adult care institutions in Zhejiang Province. Identifiers NCT06006234. register.clinicaltrials.gov.
Aberrant expression of GTPase-activating protein ARAP1 triggers circular dorsal ruffles associated with malignancy in hepatocellular carcinoma Hep3B cells
Authors: Sun Xiaowei , Li Yanan , He Yuxin , Wei Jinzi , Du Linxuan , Shen Zhongyang , Xie Yan , Midgley Adam , Jiang Wentao , Yoshida Sei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Circular dorsal ruffles (CDRs) are large and rounded membrane ruffles that function as precursors of macropinocytosis. We recently reported that CDRs form in Hep3B hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, but not in Huh7 and HepG2 HCC cells or LO2 cells, suggesting that an unknown molecular mechanism implicates CDRs in Hep3B malignancy through macropinocytosis uptake of excessive extracellular nutrients. In this study, we investigated the cellular role and the mechanism of CDRs in Hep3B cells by focusing on the GTPase-activating protein ARAP1.
Methods
ARAP1 knock-out (KO) cells were generated. Confocal microscopy and high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used for identification of the target proteins and structure analysis, respectively. Proteasome inhibitor MG132, mitochondrial function inhibitor CCCP, ARF1 inhibitor Golgicide A, and macropinocytosis inhibitor EIPA were used to investigate the molecular mechanism. Cell proliferation and Transwell migration/invasion assays were used to investigate the role of ARAP1 in cellular malignancy.
Results
ARAP1 was localized to CDRs, which had reduced size following ARAP1 KO. CDRs comprised small vertical lamellipodia, the expression pattern of which was disrupted in ARAP1 KO cells. Extracellular solute uptake, rate of cell growth, and malignant potential were attenuated in KO cells. ARAP1 was also localized to mitochondria in Hep3B cells but not in the control cell lines. Mitochondrial fission protein was increased in KO cells. CCCP treatment blocked CDRs in Hep3B cells but not in controls. Surprisingly, ARAP1 expression level in Hep3B cells was lower than in Huh7, HepG2, and LO2 cells. MG132 treatment increased the ARAP1 levels in Hep3B cells, but not in Huh7 cells, revealing that ARAP1 is actively degraded in Hep3B cells.
Conclusions
These results strongly suggest that the aberrant expression of ARAP1 in Hep3B cells modulates CDRs via mitochondrial function, thereby resulting in excess uptake of nutrients as an initial event in cancer development. Based on these findings, we propose that the molecular mechanisms underlying the formation of CDRs, focusing on ARAP1, may serve as an effective therapeutic target in some types of HCC and cancers.
Effects of Porous Structure of Separation Column on Chromatograms Obtained by Phase-Separation Mode in HPLC
Authors: Katayama Tetsuro , Iharada Takeshi , Obata Yuki , Sakamaki Hiroshi , Tsukagoshi Kazuhiko 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

We developed a new type of HPLC system that uses phase-separation multiphase flow as an eluent. The separation mode is called phase-separation mode. A HPLC system with a packed separation column filled with non-porous octadecyl-modified silica (ODS) particles was used in the previous study. This study examined the effects of porous structure of the ODS column on chromatograms obtained by phase-separation mode in HPLC using porous ODS packed column (pore diameter, 12 nm). The obtained chromatograms were compared with those obtained by non-porous ODS column before. First, as preliminary experiments, twenty-four kinds of mixed solutions of water/acetonitrile/ethyl acetate and water/acetonitrile were supplied to the system to act as eluents at a columns temperature of 20°C. 2,6-Naphthalenedisulfonic acid (2,6-NDS) and 1-naphthol (1-NA) mixture was used as a model and mixed analyte was injected into the system. They were separated in each solution except for several highly organic solvent-rich solutions, in which 2,6-NDS eluted faster than1-NA. This means that HPLC worked under a reverse-phase mode for separation at 20°C. Next, the separation of the mixed analyte was examined on HPLC at a column temperature of 0°C, and then after judging the results four kinds of ternary mixed solutions were evaluated in detail as eluents on HPLC at 20°C and 0°C. Based on their volume ratio, the ternary mixed solutions acted as a two-phase separation mixed solution, leading to a phase-separation multiphase flow. Consequently, the solutions flowed homogeneously and heterogeneously in the column at 20°C and 0°C, respectively. For example, the ternary mixed solutions containing water/acetonitrile/ethyl acetate at volume ratios of 20:60:20 (organic solvent-rich) and 70:23:7 (water-rich) were delivered into the system as eluents in the column at 20°C and 0°C. In the organic solvent-rich eluent, the mixture of 2,6-NDS and 1-NA was separated at 0°C, the elution of 1-NA being faster than 2,6-NDS (phase-separation mode). In the water-rich eluent, the mixture of analytes was separated at both 20°C and 0°C, the elution of 2,6-NDS being faster than 1-NA. The separation at 0°C with porous ODS column was more effective than that with non-porous ODS column. These separation performance and elution order can be attributed to porous effect in the phase-separation mode at 0°C.
Voice Controlled 6 DoF Arm Mobile Robot in an Assisted Home Environment
Authors: TV ABHIRAM , UDUPA GANESHA 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This paper presents the development and implementation of a wheeled robot equipped with a 6-degree-of-freedom (DOF) robotic arm for pick and place tasks in a home environment. The objective of the research is to create an intelligent robotic system capable of performing complex manipulation tasks through voice command control. To enable voice command control, a speech recognition system is implemented using voice assistant platforms. The system is trained to recognise specific voice commands for controlling the robot’s movements, including the wheeled base navigation, arm articulation, and gripper operation. The control software is developed to interpret the voice commands and translate them into precise movements of the robot. The software incorporates mapping algorithms that associate voice commands with corresponding actions, allowing the robot to execute pick and place tasks accurately and efficiently. The final implementation of the wheeled robot with the 6 DOF robotic arms demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of voice command control in a home environment and motion planning using ROS and MoveIt motion planner. This paper contributes to the field of robotics by providing implementation challenges and performance evaluation of a voice-controlled wheeled robot with a 6 DOF robotic arm. The research serves as a foundation for future advancements in intelligent robotics and human-robot interaction, with potential applications in various home automation and assistive robotics domains.
Comparing and Extracting AE Features From Different insulator Discharge
Authors: Ziling Wang , Yanhai Wang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The features of AE wave from partial discharge, which can be used to identify different discharge types, are explored and analyzed in this paper. According to the difference in different discharge AE waves, 15 features have been found which reflect not only the differences between different AE waves but also the changes and the trends of every AE wave. In order to avoid the overlap and reduce redundancy of information among the primary features, the principal component analysis method is applied to extract the principal components, and then the primary 15 features are decreased to unrelated principal 3 features. With the 3 new features formula of principal component indexes, we can quickly carry out identification of discharge type and evaluation of discharge status.
Variation of Total Electron Content During a Severe Geomagnetic Storm of 23-24 April 2023
Authors: Tilahun Atirsaw Muluye , Uluma Edward , Ejigu Yohannes Getachew 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

In this paper, we study the geomagnetic storm that occurred on April 23–24, 2023. We present variations in the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF-Bz), solar wind parameters (Vsw, Nsw, Tsw, and Psw), geomagnetic index (SYM-H), and vertical total electron content (VTEC) derived from 18 GPS-TEC stations situated in equatorial, mid-latitude, and high-latitude regions. We analyze the Total Electron Content (TEC) variations before, during, and after the storm using VTEC plots, dTEC% plots, and global ionospheric maps for each GNSS receiver station, all referenced to Universal Time (UT). Our results indicate that GNSS receiver stations located at high latitudes exhibited an increase in ionospheric density structures during the main phase and a decrease during the recovery phase. In contrast, stations in equatorial and mid-latitude regions showed a decrease in ionospheric density during the main phase and an increase during the recovery phase. Large dTEC% values ranging from − 80 to 190 TECU were observed a few hours before and during the storm period (April 23–24, 2023), compared to values ranging from − 10 to 20 TECU on the day before (April 22, 2023) and the day after (April 25, 2023). Notably, higher dTEC% values were observed at stations in high and mid-latitudes compared to those in the equatorial region. As the storm progressed, the TEC intensification observed on global ionospheric maps appeared to shift from east to west. A detailed analysis of these maps showed that equatorial and low-latitude regions experienced the highest spatial and temporal TEC variations during the storm period compared to higher latitude regions.
Bibliometric Insights of Aquaculture Waste Water Recycling: Sludge Digestion and Mixotrophy
Authors: Minhaz Tashrif Mahmud , Hasan Mohammad Najmul , Hossain Shahadat , Afrin Sadia , Khatoon Helena , Kasan Nor Azman 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Aquaculture is a promising alternative to satisfy expanding global demand while addressing food security; yet, existing systems have sustainability issues with waste and resource management. Two techniques that aid in waste management and resource conservation include "sludge digestion" and "mixotrophy." 320 papers on these techniques from the Web of Science Core Collection (2000–2024) were analyzed for this study using VOSviewer and Bibliometrix in R Studio. According to network analysis, the core of mixotrophic and sludge digestion research, respectively, is microalgae production and recirculating aquaculture systems. Although less is known about nutrient cycling in these systems, anaerobic digestion and microalgae are essential for waste removal and water recycling. The importance of anaerobic digestion for waste management is growing, as evidenced by thematic progression. Newer studies concentrate on the combination of mixotrophy with sludge digestion; possible applications include aquaculture sludge, mixotrophic microalgae production, phosphorus recovery, and circular economy. Throughout the course of the last 23 years, the study has identified areas that require more research and highlighted trends and gaps in the field of sludge digestion and mixotrophy.
Theoretical investigation of slow gain recovery of quantum cascade lasers observed in pump-probe experiment
Authors: Kundu Mrinmoy , Ghosh Aroni , Iqbal Abdullah Jubair Bin , Talukder Muhammad Anisuzzaman 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Time-resolved spectroscopy-based pump-probe experiments performed on quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) exhibit an initial fast gain recovery followed by a slow tail such that the equilibrium gain is not recovered in a cavity round-trip time. This ultra-slow gain recovery or non-recovered gain cannot be explained by only the intersubband carrier dynamics of QCLs. This work shows that the Fabry-Perot cavity dynamics and localized intersubband electron heating of QCLs are essential in ultra-slow and nonrecovered gain recovery. We developed a comprehensive model, coupling cavity dynamics to the intersubband electrons' thermal evolution. We employ a four-level coupled Maxwell-Bloch model that considers temperature-dependent scattering and transport mechanisms in calculating the gain recovery dynamics. If an intense pump pulse electrically pumped close to the threshold propagates in the forward direction after being coupled into the cavity, the reflected pump pulse will significantly deplete the gain medium while propagating in the backward direction. Additionally, we show that the intersubband electron sustains a localized high temperature even after the pump pulse has left, which affects the overall carrier dynamics and leads to an ultra-slow gain recovery process. At near-perfect reflectivity, we observe a gain depletion of 4\% for 2 mm QCL. We further demonstrate that an additional 10\% gain depletion of probe pulse is seen at a steady state when the laser is pumped at 1.6 times the threshold compared to the case where the hot electron effect is not considered.
Comparative Analysis of Bioactive Compounds and Health Benefits of Wild and Cultivated Ficus carica Accessions from the Northern Himalayas
Authors: Sheikh Zahid Nabi , Sharma Neha , Sharma Vikas , Bakshi Parshant , Raina Shilpa , Ataya Farid S 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The growing resistance to conventional antibiotics has spurred the need for alternative therapies, underscoring the significance of investigating medicinal plants for novel bioactive compounds. This study focuses on comparative qualitative and quantitative biochemical analysis, alongside an evaluation of the in vitro anti-diabetic, anti-Alzheimer, and anti-cancer properties of different wild and cultivated Ficus carica cultivars. HPLC analysis was conducted to measure the content of bioactive compounds among the wild and cultivated ficus accessions. The extracts were subsequently evaluated for their therapeutic potential against several human cancer cell lines, including prostate cancer (PC-3), lung cancer (A-549), breast cancer (MCF-7), cervical cancer (HELA) and kidney cancer (HEK). This analysis highlighted distinct genetic similarities and differences among the ficus cultivars. Comprehensive statistical analyses were employed to discern patterns and relationships among various ficus cultivars. This research marks the first comprehensive examination of the phytochemical screening of wild and cultivated accessions of ficus ciraca. Among the cultivars examined, the wild varieties exhibited the highest concentrations of bioactive compounds and demonstrated the most significant health benefits. The results of this study provide a solid scientific basis for the future isolation and purification of therapeutic compounds in wild fruits, potentially leading to their application in pharmaceuticals or dietary supplements. This research will greatly enhance our understanding of the pharmacological properties of wild ficus fruits and establishes a basis for further investigation into their clinical benefits