bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abnormal topological organization of functional brain networks in the patients with anterior segment ischemic optic neuropathy
Authors: Chen Fei , Wang Xin-Miao , Huang Xin 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveAn increasing amount of neuroimaging evidence indicates that patients with anterior segment ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) exhibit abnormal brain function and structural architecture. Some studies have shown that there are abnormal functional and structural changes in the brain visual area of AION patients. Nevertheless, the alterations in the topological properties of brain functional connectivity among patients with AION remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the topological organization of brain functional connectivity in a group of AION patients using graph theory methods.MethodsResting-state magnetic resonance imaging was conducted on 30 AION patients and 24 healthy controls (HCs) matched for age, gender, and education level. For each participant, a high-resolution brain functional network was constructed using time series correlation and quantified through graph theory analysis.ResultsBoth the AION and HC groups presented high-efficiency small-world networks in their brain functional networks. In comparison to the HCs, the AION group exhibited notable reductions in clustering coefficient (Cp) and local efficiency (Eloc). Specifically, significant decreases in Nodal local efficiency were observed in the right Amygdala of the AION group. Moreover, the NBS method detected a significantly modified network (15 nodes, 15 connections) in the AION group compared to the HCs (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionPatients with AION exhibited topological abnormalities in the human brain connectivity group. Particularly, there was a decrease in Cp and Eloc in the AION group compared to the HC group. The anomalous node centers and functional connections in AION patients were predominantly situated in the prefrontal lobe, temporal lobe, and parietal lobe. These discoveries offer valuable perspectives into the neural mechanisms associated with visual loss, disrupted emotion regulation, and cognitive impairments in individuals with AION.
Increased nuclear import characterizes aberrant nucleocytoplasmic transport in neurons from patients with spinocerebellar ataxia type 7
Authors: Macopson-Jones Joshua G. , Adams Maile , Philippe Julien , La Spada Albert R. 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionSpinocerebellar ataxia type 7 (SCA7) is an inherited neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cerebellar and retinal degeneration. SCA7 is caused by a CAG-polyglutamine repeat expansion in the ataxin-7 gene, which encodes a transcription factor protein that is a core component of the STAGA co-activator complex. As ataxin-7 protein regularly shuttles between the nucleus and the cytosol, we sought to test if polyglutamine-expanded ataxin-7 protein results in nuclear membrane abnormalities or defects in nucleocytoplasmic (N/C) transport.MethodsWe used SCA7 266Q knock-in mice and their wild-type (WT) littermate controls to assess nuclear membrane morphology and N/C transport. Additionally, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from SCA7 patients were differentiated into neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and cortical neurons to measure nuclear import and export dynamics. The expression of nucleoporin POM121, a key regulator of N/C transport, was also analyzed in SCA7-derived NPCs.ResultsOur analysis revealed no significant differences in nuclear membrane morphology between SCA7 knock-in mice and WT controls, nor did we observe alterations in N/C transport within neurons from these mice. However, we documented significantly increased nuclear import in both NPCs and cortical neurons derived from SCA7 patient iPSCs. When we examined nuclear export function in SCA7 iPSC-derived cortical neurons, we noted a modest decrease that constituted only a trend. Furthermore, we identified a significant decrease in the expression of full-length POM121 in SCA7 NPCs.DiscussionOur results reveal evidence for altered N/C transport in SCA7. The reduction in POM121 expression suggests a potential mechanism underlying these transport abnormalities. Importantly, our data suggests the N/C transport defect in SCA7 is distinctly different from other related neurodegenerative disorders.
Comprehensive global review and methodological framework for developing food atlases
Authors: Fallata Ghadir , Alhadi Rasil , Alnashmi Luluh , Aljohani Shahad , Alsaeed Fatimah 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionAn atlas is a trustworthy resource created from precise data collection that serves as a guide for communities. A food atlas is a useful tool for analyzing dietary data. There is a growing need for a food atlas that is part of the nation’s strategy to help the health sector with specific nutritional or dietary assessments of individual consumption and overall wellbeing. Although researchers previously attempted to create a food atlas on a national level, the process of data collection was not well defined.MethodsThis study provides an overview of global food atlases that can be used to develop a procedure manual to guide experts in creating a dependable food atlas.ResultsTo date, 27 countries have developed food atlases for various reasons. After examining these countries’ experiences, six important steps in the procedure manual that should be considered when developing a food atlas were identified: choosing the most consumed food, using traditional cooking utensils, determining portion sizes, capturing photographs of the food, validating the food atlas, and publishing the food atlas.DiscussionThis procedure manual can be used as a guide until a validation study is conducted.
Immune profiling of ART-conceived children in Kazakhstan: a case-control study
Authors: Ilmuratova Sevara , Lokshin Vyacheslav , Prodeus Andrey , Manzhuova Lyazzat , Nurgaliyeva Zhanar , Kussainova Farida , Bazarbaeva Aygul , Nekhorosheva Valeriya , Abshekenova Aygerim 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveThe increasing use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) has led to a growing interest in the health outcomes of offspring. However, the impact of ART on the immune system of children remains poorly understood. While only two publications were found, their findings contradict each other and did not consider other risk factors in their analysis except for ART use. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the potential impact of ART on the immune system of offspring.MethodsA case-control study was conducted in Kazakhstan to investigate the immune system of ART-conceived children compared to those conceived naturally (NC). The study included participants who met certain criteria, such as having undergone a successful ART program resulting in the birth of either a single or multiple pregnancies. Patients who used donor oocytes/sperm, intrauterine insemination, or surrogacy were excluded. Anamnesis data were collected from children in both groups, and laboratory measurements were performed and analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistic 26.ResultsA total of 120 children conceived by ART and 132 NC children under the age of five were included in our study. We observed that compared with NC group, ART children had lower IgA and IgG levels (p &lt; 0.001), absolute lymphocytosis, high levels of active T-lymphocytes (p = 0.001), and pathological T-helper levels (p = 0.004). Therefore, the clinical presentation of respiratory diseases was lower in ART group. Children born after frozen embryo transfers showed significantly higher levels of T-cytotoxic and active T-lymphocytes compared to children born after fresh embryo transfers (p = 0.007 and p = 0.020, respectively). We utilized ordinal logistic regression to control for confounding variables such as multiple pregnancy, cesarean section, premature birth, and breastfeeding. Despite this, the significant impact of ART on immunogram parameters persisted, indicating the independent and influential nature of ART or other unaccounted factors.
Assessment of field performance and bruchid resistance during seed storage of a genetically modified cowpea expressing the alpha-amylase inhibitor 1 protein from common bean
Authors: Nboyine Jerry A. , Umar Muhammad L. , Adazebra Gloria A. , Utono Iliyasu M. , Agrengsore Philip , Awuku Frederick J. , Ishiyaku Mohammed F. , Barrero Jose M. , Higgins Thomas J. V. , MacKenzie Donald J. 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionThe cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus Fab., is the most economically important storage pest of cowpeas, causing up to 100 percent grain losses within six months of storage. To sustainably resist weevil damage, the cowpea cultivar IT86D-1010 was genetically modified via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation to produce event CSI-32, which expresses the kidney bean alpha-amylase inhibitor 1 (αAI-1) protein exclusively in the seed, providing suppression of weevil development.MethodsTrials were conducted in Ghana and Nigeria during the 2023 growing season to assess the performance in the field and in post-harvest storage of this transgenic event (CSI-32) and of four check lines: the non-transformed parental line (IT86D-1010) and three released varieties (SAMPEA 7, SAMPEA 20-T and IT13K-1070-2). Data collected from the field trials comprised plant growth parameters, pest infestations and damage, and grain yield. Harvested grain from each replicated entry was used in a storage assessment of bruchid resistance following artificial infestation with laboratory-reared cowpea weevils. Data were collected on egg oviposition, adult emergence, and grain damage as well as computation of median development period and Dobie’s susceptibility index for each entry.Results and discussionThe agronomic performance and phenotypic characteristics of event CSI-32 were very similar to its parental counterpart and the other compared varieties. However, event CSI-32 exhibited complete suppression of weevil emergence and resistance to seed damage over the four-month period of the post-harvest study.ConclusionsThis work represents the first field study of genetically modified cowpea expressing the αAI-1 protein. It demonstrates how a biotechnology solution to mitigate significant economic losses during cowpea storage, offers great potential for cowpea improvement programs.
Prognosis prediction using significant pathological response following neoadjuvant immunotherapy in resectable non-small-cell lung tumors: a meta-analysis
Authors: Nie Fang , Wang Ying , Shi Wanting , Zhu Liru , Hao Jing , Tao Rancen 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundA meta-analysis study was done to figure out how to predict the prognosis of people with resectable non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who had a significant pathological response following neoadjuvant immunotherapy.MethodsUp until August 2024, a comprehensive literature study was completed, and 2,386 connected studies were revised. The 35 selected studies included 3,118 resectable non-small-cell lung tumor participants at the beginning of the study. Using dichotomous techniques and a fixed or random model, the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the prediction using significant pathological response following neoadjuvant immunotherapy in resectable NSCLC.ResultsIndividuals with resectable NSCLC had significantly higher major pathological response when comparing neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (OR, 5.07; 95% CI, 4.09–6.27, p &lt; 0.001), objective response rate to non-objective response rate (OR, 7.02; 95% CI, 4.28–11.50, p &lt; 0.001), and programmed death-ligand 1 ≥1% to programmed death-ligand ≤1% (OR, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.44–4.30, p = 0.001). However, no significant difference was found in major pathological response between stage III and stage I-II (OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 0.88–2.33, p = 0.15), and squamous cell cancer and non-squamous cell cancer (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 0.95–1.92, p = 0.09) in individuals with resectable NSCLCs.ConclusionIndividuals with resectable NSCLCs had significantly higher major pathological response when comparing neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, objective response rate to non-objective response rate, and programmed death-ligand 1≥1% to programmed death-ligand 1 ≤1%, however, no significant difference was found between stage III and stage I-II, and squamous cell cancer and non-squamous cell cancer. To validate this discovery, more research is required since most of the selected studies had a low sample size, and caution must be implemented when interacting with its values.
Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Camellia drupifera (Theaceae) and Its Related Species Evaluated by SSR Markers
Authors: Xu Yufen , Liu Yanju , Yu Zhaoyan , Wu Kunlin , Cao Qiulin , Gong Han , Yang Yaodong , Ye Jianqiu , Jia Xiaocheng 
Published: November 2024

Oil–tea camellia has a long history of cultivation and utilization, with a history of more than 2000 years. In China, it is the main woody oil crop with high economic value and a national resource with unique characteristics. Concurrently, it is also known as one of the four major woody oil crops in the world. However, the genetic background of Camellia drupifera Lour. on Hainan Island in China is still unclear, and there is a great lack of systematic genetic characterization, which seriously hinders the development and utilization of oil–tea camellia germplasm resources and genetic improvement on Hainan Island. To analyze the genetic diversity and kinship between C. drupifera and its related species, this study utilized SSR molecular marker technology to genotype 160 individuals from 23 populations. A total of 137 alleles were amplified from the 14 polymorphic primers, with an average of 9.786. The average number of effective alleles and that of Shannon’s information index for each locus were 1.865 and 0.633, respectively, suggesting that the screened SSR markers presented a moderately high level of polymorphism. Additionally, the mean observed heterozygosity (0.915) was greater than the mean expected heterozygosity (0.450), indicating an excess of heterozygotes in the tested population. The results of the principal component analysis (PCA), molecular variation analysis of variance (AMOVA) and population structure analysis were generally consistent; specifically, there was a high degree of individual heterozygosity within the population, and genetic variation occurred primarily among individuals within the population (90%) but rarely among groups (10%). Additionally, the UPGMA clustering divided the 160 germplasm resources into four major clades, and C. drupifera was principally grouped in two distinct branches; meanwhile, Camellia gauchowensis was also mainly clustered in these two clades. Camellia oleifera individuals were chiefly concentrated in other independent branches. It can be speculated that C. drupifera is genetically close to C. gauchowensis, but genetically distant from C. oleifera. This study can provide the scientific basis for the identification, collection, preservation, evaluation, and innovative utilization of oil–tea camellia.
Metabolic Profile of Histomonas meleagridis in Dwyer’s Media with and Without Rice Starch
Authors: Ammar Sawsan , Christopher Courtney J. , Szafranski Nicole , Jones Rebekah , Rajeev Sree , Castro Hector F. , Campagna Shawn R. , Gerhold Richard 
Published: November 2024

Background and objectives: Histomonas meleagridis, the causative agent of histomonosis (i.e., blackhead disease), threatens the poultry industry with serious economic losses due to its high mortality and morbidity in turkey and chicken flocks. In vitro studies are complicated by the inability to culture the parasite axenically. Histomonas meleagridis has been propagated in Dwyer’s media, which contains a starch source and serum, for over 50 years. The presence of insoluble starch component in Dwyer’s media represents an obstacle for the commercialization of such media, and the role of starch in media is poorly understood. Methods: To investigate the intracellular metabolomic differences in H. meleagridis and undefined bacteria grown in Dwyer’s media with rice starch (SD) and without rice starch (NR), we conducted a global metabolomics analysis using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry. Results: SD significantly supported the growth of H. meleagridis compared to NR. There was no significant difference in bacterial growth between SD and NR media at various timepoints. From the intracellular metabolic analysis of samples collected from the SD and NR media, a total of 170 known metabolites were identified. H. meleagridis appears to be the major contributor to global metabolic differences. Conclusions: We found that riboflavin had the highest variable importance in the projection score, and metabolites involved in riboflavin biosynthesis significantly contributed to the differences between SD and NR in the media immediately after the inoculation of H. meleagridis and undefined bacteria, warranting further investigations into the role of riboflavin biosynthesis in H. meleagridis growth.
Nanopore Sequencing Allows Recovery of High-Quality Completely Closed Genomes of All Cronobacter Species from Powdered Infant Formula Overnight Enrichments
Authors: Gonzalez-Escalona Narjol , Kwon Hee Jin , Chen Yi 
Published: November 2024

Precision metagenomic approaches using Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT) sequencing has been shown to allow recovery of complete genomes of foodborne bacteria from overnight enrichments of agricultural waters. This study tests the applicability of a similar approach for Cronobacter genome recovery from powdered infant formula (PIF) overnight enrichments, where Cronobacter typically dominates the overall microbiome (>90%). This study aimed to test whether using ONT sequencing of overnight PIF enrichments could recover a completely closed Cronobacter genome for further genomic characterization. Ten PIF samples, each inoculated with different Cronobacter strains, covering Cronobacter sakazakii, C. muytjensii, C. dublinensis, C. turicensis, and C. universalis, were processed according to the Bacteriological Analytical Manual (BAM) protocol. Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used for initial screening (detection and quantification) of the overnight enrichments and confirmed that the inoculated PIF samples after the overnight enrichment had high levels of Cronobacter (107 to 109 CFU/mL). DNA from overnight PIF enrichments was extracted from the enrichment broth and sequenced using ONT. Results showed that ONT sequencing could accurately identify, characterize, and close the genomes of Cronobacter strains from overnight PIF enrichments in 3 days, much faster than the nearly 2 weeks required by the current BAM method. Complete genome recovery and species differentiation were achieved. This suggests that combining qPCR with ONT sequencing provides a rapid, cost-effective alternative for detecting and characterizing Cronobacter in PIF, enabling timely corrective actions during outbreaks.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN SERBUK DAUN SALAM (Syzygium polyanthum) TERHADAP KADAR FERITIN PADA TIKUS WISTAR MODEL ANEMIA
Authors: Devi Rhisma Mutiara , Nuhriawangsa Adi Magna Patriadi , Rahardjo Setyo Sri 
Published: November 2024

Anemia is a global health problem with the prevalence of anemia in women of reproductive age ranging from 27% to 32.8%. In Indonesia, the prevalence of anemia reached 48.9% in adolescent girls, and 46.9% in pregnant women. Iron deficiency is one of the main causes of anemia, which can be triggered by inadequate nutrient intake or problems with iron absorption in the body. Bay leaves powder/BLP (Syzygium polyanthum), which are rich in iron, have not been fully utilized in anemia treatment. The study aimed to analyze BLP administration on ferritin levels in female Wistar rats with anemia. Ferritin research with a Pre and Post Control Group experimental design was conducted at LPPT UGM and UPT UNS for 45 days (August–October 2023). Female white rats (Rattus norvegicus strain Wistar) aged 6 weeks with weight range of ±100–200 g were obtained from UD Wistar Yogyakarta. During acclimatization, they were given comfeed and AIN-93M diets without iron. Anemia in rats was induced by a low-iron diet for 15 days before treatment. BLP was administered for 28 days with different doses of bay leaf powder (3 dose groups) P1 18,6mg/200gr BB, P2 36 mg/200grBB, P3 55,6 mg/200grBB. Ferritin were obtained by taking blood from mice to obtain blood serum using the centrifuge method. Group P3 (SDS 55.6mg/100BB), there was a significant change in ferritin during the treatment. The study concluded was an influence of administering SDS at a dose of 55.6 mg/100BB on changes in ferritin in the anemia rat model.
CKD Management in the Age of Telenephrology
Authors: Scherzer Zachary Albert , Astor Brad C. , Lesnik Dyan , Maursetter Laura 
Published: November 2024

Key Points

Primary use of telenephrology in a hybrid system was associated with similar CKD progression outcomes as those seen primarily in-person.A hybrid system incorporating predominant use of telenephrology may be noninferior to standard in-person care with regard to multiple CKD outcomes.

Background
Nephrology has seen an uptake in transition to remote care delivery. The effect of telenephrology care on CKD progression is not well defined.

Methods
We analyzed data from patients naturally selected for telenephrology versus standard in-person visits. Patients were seen across 4230 visits over a 2-year period at a nephrology clinic within the Veterans Affairs (VA) health system. Baseline characteristics and health profile data were assessed on the basis of grouping of individuals to the telenephrology group (>50% virtual visits) or in-person group (≤50% virtual visits). The slope of eGFR change over time was estimated for each patient using a random effects regression model and compared across groups using weighted linear regression models.

Results
A total of 1098 patients comprised the final analysis. The groups were similar across baseline demographics and health profiles, although more cardiovascular disease, congestive heart failure, and diabetes mellitus were present in the in-person group. There was no significant difference in eGFR decline between groups, although those in telenephrology group trended toward less steep decline compared with those seen predominately in-person (telenephrology slope versus in-person slope; difference=0.81 ml/min per 1.73 m2; 95% confidence interval, −0.447 to 2.08; P = 0.21). Those seen primarily in-person had a similar degree of proteinuria compared with those in telenephrology (P = 0.12). All-cause mortality and incidence of outpatient RRT initiation was similar. Telenephrology patients had an average of 1.3 fewer emergency department visits per individual compared with their in-person counterpart (2.17 versus 3.44, P < 0.001), as well as fewer hospital admissions (1.59 versus 2.08, P = 0.02). Those in the in-person group were more often prescribed sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, statins, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and potassium supplements.

Conclusions
Data from this observational study within a VA health care system suggest that medically complex patients with multimorbid CKD can expect a similar rate of eGFR decline when care is delivered through a hybrid system that includes a majority of telenephrology when compared with those managed in face-to-face visits. Further studies are needed to corroborate findings and ensure generalizability outside of this VA system.