bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Janus Gold Nanostars–Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for NIR‐Light‐Triggered Drug Delivery
Authors: Hernández Montoto Andy , Llopis‐Lorente Antoni , Gorbe Mónica , M. Terrés José , Cao‐Milán Roberto , Díaz de Greñu Borja , Alfonso María , Ibañez Javier , Marcos María D. , Orzáez Mar , Villalonga Reynaldo , Martínez‐Máñez Ramón , Sancenón Félix 
Published: April 2019

AbstractJanus gold nanostar–mesoporous silica nanoparticle (AuNSt–MSNP) nanodevices able to release an entrapped payload upon irradiation with near infrared (NIR) light were prepared and characterized. The AuNSt surface was functionalized with a thiolated photolabile molecule (5), whereas the mesoporous silica face was loaded with a model drug (doxorubicin) and capped with proton‐responsive benzimidazole‐β‐cyclodextrin supramolecular gatekeepers (N 1). Upon irradiation with NIR‐light, the photolabile compound 5 photodissociated, resulting in the formation of succinic acid, which induced the opening of the gatekeeper and cargo delivery. In the overall mechanism, the gold surface acts as a photochemical transducer capable of transforming the NIR‐light input into a chemical messenger (succinic acid) that opens the supramolecular nanovalve. The prepared hybrid nanoparticles were non‐cytotoxic to HeLa cells, until they were irradiated with a NIR laser, which led to intracellular doxorubicin release and hyperthermia. This induced a remarkable reduction in HeLa cells viability.
Incidence and outcome after first molecular versus overt recurrence in patients with Philadelphia chromosome–positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia included in the ALL Ph08 trial from the Spanish PETHEMA Group
Authors: Ribera Josep‐Maria , García Olga , Moreno María‐José , Barba Pere , García‐Cadenas Irene , Mercadal Santiago , Montesinos Pau , Barrios Manuel , González‐Campos José , Martínez‐Carballeira Daniel , Gil Cristina , Ribera Jordi , Vives Susana , Novo Andrés , Cervera Marta , Serrano Josefina , Lavilla Esperanza , Abella Eugenia , Tormo Mar , Amigo María‐Luz , Artola María‐Teresa , Genescà Eulalia , Bravo Pilar , García‐Belmonte Daniel , García‐Guiñón Antoni , Hernández‐Rivas Jesús‐María , Feliu Evarist ,   on behalf of the PETHEMA Group of the Spanish Society of Hematology
Published: April 2019

BackgroundDisease recurrence occurs in 20% to 40% of adults with Philadelphia chromosome–positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL) who are treated with chemotherapy and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). In the current study, the authors report the incidence, treatment, and outcome after first disease recurrence in young and older adults treated in the ALL Ph08 trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01491763).MethodsPatients aged 18 to 55 years with de novo Ph+ ALL were treated with imatinib concurrently with standard‐dose induction and consolidation therapy followed by allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) when possible. In patients with first disease recurrence, the authors analyzed the type of recurrence, timing, location, presence of kinase domain mutations, type of treatment, and outcomes.ResultsOf the 125 patients, 28 patients (22%) developed disease recurrence before (4 patients) or after (24 patients) HSCT, with the recurrences being molecular in 11 patients (39%) and overt in 17 patients (61%). T315I was the most common mutation noted at the time of disease recurrence. Change in TKI was the most frequent treatment for patients with molecular disease recurrence whereas rescue chemotherapy and TKI change followed by second allo‐HSCT when possible were performed for the most part in patients with overt disease recurrence. A total of 20 patients (71%) achieved response. The median disease‐free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were 8.5 months and 15.3 months, respectively. A trend for better DFS and OS was observed in patients with molecular recurrence compared with those with overt recurrence (median of 16.9 months vs 6.3 months [P = .05] and 28.7 months vs 11.5 months [P = .05] for DFS and OS, respectively).ConclusionsDisease recurrence was frequent in young and older adults with Ph+ ALL who were treated with imatinib and chemotherapy with HSCT. Although the majority of patients responded to rescue therapy, their outcomes were poor, especially with regard to overt disease recurrence.
“Tell it as it is”: How Sisom prompts children and parents to discuss their cancer experience
Authors: Tsimicalis Argerie , Rennick Janet , Le May Sylvie , Stinson Jennifer , Sarkis Bianca , Séguin Karine , Siedlikowski Maia , Choquette Anne , Louli Julie 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundSisom is an interactive computerized tool shown to improve communication between children with cancer and their clinicians in Norway. Concerns that Sisom may prompt disclosure of potentially distressful symptoms during a busy clinical day may deter implementation in practice in other settings.AimThe purpose of this study was to describe the questions, concerns, and comments that unfolded between children and their parents during the children's use of Sisom within a research context.MethodsA secondary analysis of qualitative interview transcripts derived from the interactions of 39 children with cancer aged 6 to 13 years with Sisom from two previous studies was performed. Thirty‐one of these interactions had at least one parent present during testing. Data were coded and analyzed using content analysis techniques involving an iterative process of data reduction, display, conclusion drawing, and verification.ResultsSisom elicited a verbal response to at least one symptom in the majority of children (n = 33, 85%) and prompted at least one input in 23 of the parents (74%). Sisom prompted children to (1) discuss their thoughts and feelings out loud, (2) categorize their symptoms as pleasant or unpleasant, and (3) reflect on their illness experiences with varying degrees of certainty. Parental input consisted of (1) providing clarification, (2) validating their child's responses, (3) guiding their child's responses, (4) responding on behalf of their child, and (5) making jokes or casual remarks.ConclusionSisom prompts children to discuss their thoughts and illness experiences with their parents and to express their emotions. Sisom may be a useful tool to enhance the communication between children with cancer and their parents and clinicians, which may help them express their needs in the health care setting.
Cost‐efficient disaster backup for multiple data centers using capacity‐constrained multicast
Authors: Li Xiaole , Wang Hua , Yi Shanwen , Zhai Linbo 
Published: April 2019

SummaryTo leverage periodic disaster backup in a cloud data center (DC) network, previous studies employ disjoint unicast paths for bulk data transfers among multiple geographically distributed DCs, causing massive unnecessary traffic duplication. This not only adds the overhead but also may result in severe network congestion. With flexible network resource management in software‐defined networks and powerful traffic aggregation capability of multicast, we propose capacity‐constrained multicast to realize cost‐efficient disaster backup. First, considering limited backup storage capacity and essential redundancy guarantee, we construct a capacity‐constrained multicasting backup model. Then, we formulate the disaster backup problem as capacity‐constrained multiple Steiner tree problem, which is NP‐hard. To solve this problem, we design a new multicasting backup ant colony optimization algorithm based on requirement‐aware growth. It directly optimizes every disaster‐backup multicast tree (DBMT) from its root node to cover enough destination nodes guaranteeing sufficient redundancy and then expands them into the forest under the guidance of a multicast tree shared degree, the ratio of available storage capacity, and backup load distribution offset. We introduce unique edge fitness evaluation and pheromones for every DBMT to reduce mutual influences among multiple trees. Extensive simulations demonstrate that our strategy performs with less bandwidth consumption cost and relatively good backup load distribution fairness simultaneously.
Area‐efficient and high‐speed hardware structure of hybrid cryptosystem (AES‐RC4) for maximizing key lifetime using parallel subpipeline architecture
Authors: Maniam Senthil Murugan , Sasilatha T. 
Published: April 2019

SummaryWith the growth of wireless environments, confidential communication has become an important part of daily life. Generally, a wireless medium uses cryptography techniques when transmitting data to provide end‐to‐end protection. Most of the hardware‐efficient cryptosystems do not satisfy the security requirements. In this paper, we concentrate both on security issues and hardware efficiency and present an area‐efficient, high‐throughput hardware structure to implement a hybrid cryptosystem to avoid security problems. The security enhancements are done using a key enhancement process, and it is achieved by using a hybrid encryption cryptosystem. In this paper, we combine block and stream cipher encryption algorithms to frame the hybrid algorithm. We consider advanced encryption standard (AES) as the block cipher and Rivest cipher‐4 (RC4) as the stream cipher. Due to the hybrid systems, performance metrics, such as area, throughput, and power consumptions, are affected. Moreover, advanced arithmetic logic (ie, field arithmetic) combined with the on‐the‐fly key expansion technique is used to minimize area consumption, and parallel subpipeline technique is used to enhance the system throughput. The proposed hybrid architecture (AES‐RC4) is implemented in a field‐programmable gate array with a Xilinx tool.
An optimized multi‐attribute vertical handoff approach for heterogeneous wireless networks
Authors: Pradeep M. , Sampath P. 
Published: April 2019

SummaryWireless networking is becoming an increasingly important and popular way of providing global information access to users on mobility. Considering the accessibility of different advances, it is hard to choose the best system that guarantees client fulfilment. The best network selection in heterogeneous condition is a primary research issue. In Dynamic Network Selection Function (DNSF) method, which employs physical layer metrics as criteria for network selection, computation of functions‐based relative dynamic weight optimization is proposed. This method is implemented through simulation in a typical heterogeneous wireless environment of Universal Mobile Telecommunications Service (UMTS) and Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN). The number of unnecessary handover occasions with the Handoff failure rate of the client between accessible systems is utilized as the execution measurements, and constantly best‐associated system is chosen in view of the cost function. It is inferred that DNSF based approach yields ideal system determination in heterogeneous condition.
Development of a new 25plex STRs typing system for forensic application
Authors: Bai Xue , Yao Yiren , Wang Changli , Li Wanshui , Wang Youzheng , Song Wen , Mo Xiaoting , Ma Wenhua , Ye Jian 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe have developed a novel STR 25‐plex florescence multiplex‐STR kit (DNATyper25) to genotype 23 autosomal and two sex‐linked loci for forensic applications and paternity analysis. Of the 23 autosomal loci, 20 are non‐CODIS. The sex‐linked markers include a Y‐STR locus (DYS391) and the Amelogenin gene. We present developmental validation studies to show that the DNATyper25 kit is reproducible, accurate, sensitive, and robust. Sensitivity testing showed that full profiles were achieved with as low as 125 pg of human DNA. Specificity testing demonstrated a lack of cross reactivity with a variety of commonly encountered non‐human DNA contaminants. Stability testing showed that full profiles were obtained with humic acid concentration ≤60 ng/μL and hematin concentration <400 μM. For forensic evaluation, the 23 autosomal STRs followed the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. In an analysis of 509 Chinese (CN) Hans, we detected a combined total of 181 alleles at the 23 autosomal STR loci. Since these autosomal STRs are independent from one another, PM was 8.4528 × 10−22, TDP was 0.999 999 999 999 999 999 999, CEP was 0.999 999 8395. The forensic efficiency parameters demonstrated that these autosomal STRs are highly polymorphic and informative in the Han population of China. We performed population comparisons and showed that the Northern CN Han has a close genetic relationship with the Luzhou Han, Tujia, and Bai populations. We propose that the DNATyper25 kit will be useful for cases where paternity analysis is difficult and for situations where DNA samples are limited in quantity and low in quality.
Personalized prognostication in head and neck cancer: A systematic review of nomograms according to the AJCC precision medicine core (PMC) criteria
Authors: Tham Tristan , Machado Rosalie , Herman Saori Wendy , Kraus Dennis , Costantino Peter , Roche Ansley 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) Precision Medicine Core (PMC) has recognized the need for more personalized probabilistic predictions above the “TNM” staging system and has recently released a checklist of inclusion and exclusion criteria for evaluating prognostic models.MethodsA systematic review of articles in which nomograms were created for head and neck cancer (HNC) was carried out according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines. The AJCC PMC criteria were used to score the individual studies.ResultsForty‐four studies were included in the final qualitative analysis. The mean number of inclusion criteria met was 9.3 out of 13, and the mean number of exclusion criteria met was 2.1 out of 3. Studies were generally of high quality, but no single study fulfilled all of the AJCC PMC criteria.ConclusionThis is the first study to utilize the AJCC checklist to comprehensively evaluate the published prognostic nomograms in HNC. Future studies should attempt to adhere to the AJCC PMC criteria. Recommendations for future research are given.SummaryThe AJCC recently released a set of criteria to grade the quality of prognostic cancer models. In this study, we grade all published nomograms for head and neck cancer according to the new guidelines.
Exploratory analysis of prognostic factors for lenvatinib in radioiodine‐refractory differentiated thyroid cancer
Authors: Suzuki Chiaki , Kiyota Naomi , Imamura Yoshinori , Goto Hideaki , Suto Hirotaka , Chayahara Naoko , Toyoda Masanori , Ito Yasuhiro , Miya Akihiro , Miyauchi Akira , Otsuki Naoki , Nibu Ken‐ichi , Minami Hironobu 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundMultitarget kinase inhibitors (m‐TKI), including lenvatinib, are now available as treatment options for radioiodine‐refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RR‐DTC). However, the optimal timing of treatment initiation with m‐TKI in these patients remains to be defined.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of 30 consecutive patients with RR‐DTC. The relationship between clinical characteristics was evaluated, including tumor growth parameters at pretreatment/post‐treatment and efficacy of lenvatinib.ResultsA total of 26 patients with RR‐DTC treated with lenvatinib were evaluable for response and eligible for analysis. From the results of multivariate analysis, baseline tumor size and tumor‐related symptoms were independent negative prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS). Pretreatment tumor growth parameters were not prognostic for either PFS or OS.ConclusionsPatients with RR‐DTC with a high tumor burden and tumor‐related symptoms had significantly worse prognosis. Greater tumor reduction after starting lenvatinib may lead to better prognosis, irrespective of pretreatment high tumor growth rate.
Optoacoustic mesoscopy analysis and quantitative estimation of specific imaging metrics in Fitzpatrick skin phototypes II to V
Authors: Li Xiuting , Dinish U. S , Aguirre Juan , Bi Renzhe , Dev Kapil , Attia Amalina Binte Ebrahim , Nitkunanantharajah Suhanyaa , Lim Qian Han , Schwarz Mathias , Yew Yik Weng , Thng Steven Tien Guan , Ntziachristos Vasilis , Olivo Malini 
Published: April 2019

AbstractRaster Scanning Optoacoustic Mesoscopy (RSOM) is a novel optoacoustic imaging modality that offers non‐invasive, label‐free, high resolution (~7 μm axial, ~30 μm lateral) imaging up to 1 to 2 mm below the skin, providing novel quantitative insights into skin pathophysiology. As the RSOM image contrast mechanism is based on light absorption, it is expected that the amount of melanin present in the skin will affect RSOM images. However, the effect of skin tone in the performance of RSOM has not been addressed so far. Herein, we present the efficiency of RSOM for in vivo skin imaging of human subjects with Fitzpatrick (FP) skin types between II to V. RSOM images acquired from the volar forearms of the subjects were used to derive metrics used in RSOM studies, such as total blood volume, vessel diameter and melanin signal intensity. Our study shows that the melanin signal intensity derived from the RSOM images exhibited an excellent correlation with that obtained from a clinical colorimeter for the subjects of varying FP skin types. We could successfully estimate the vessel diameter at different depths of the dermis. Furthermore, our study shows that there is a need to compensate for total blood volume calculated for subjects with higher FP skin types due to the lower signal‐to‐noise ratio in dermis, owing to strong absorption of light by melanin. This study sheds light into how RSOM can be used for studying various skin conditions in populations with different skin phenotypes.
Corneal bioprinting utilizing collagen‐based bioinks and primary human keratocytes
Authors: Duarte Campos Daniela F. , Rohde Malena , Ross Mitchell , Anvari Parham , Blaeser Andreas , Vogt Michael , Panfil Claudia , Yam Gary Hin‐Fai , Mehta Jodhbir S. , Fischer Horst , Walter Peter , Fuest Matthias 
Published: April 2019

AbstractCorneal transplantation is the treatment of choice for patients with advanced corneal diseases. However, the outcome may be affected by graft rejection, high associated costs, surgical expertise, and most importantly the worldwide donor shortage. In recent years, bioprinting has emerged as an alternative method for fabricating tissue equivalents using autologous cells with architecture resembling the native tissue. In this study, we propose a freeform and cell‐friendly drop‐on‐demand bioprinting strategy for creating corneal stromal 3D models as suitable implants. Corneal stromal keratocytes (CSK) were bioprinted in collagen‐based bioinks as 3D biomimetic models and the geometrical outcome as well as the functionality of the bioprinted specimens were evaluated after in vitro culture. We showed that our bioprinting method is feasible to fabricate translucent corneal stromal equivalents with optical properties similar to native corneal stromal tissue, as proved by optical coherence tomography. Moreover, the bioprinted CSK were viable after the bioprinting process and maintained their native keratocyte phenotypes after 7 days in in vitro culture, as shown by immunocytochemistry. The proposed bioprinted human 3D corneal models can potentially be used clinically for patients with corneal stromal diseases.
Sustained‐release of sclerostin single‐chain antibody fragments using poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) microspheres for osteoporotic fracture repair
Authors: Li Ming , Li Shifei , Liu Jianheng , Cui Xiang , Zhang Shudong , Zhou Jian , Wang Xiumei , Yao Qi 
Published: April 2019

AbstractOsteoporotic fracture is one of the most common bone diseases in middle and old age, as the most serious consequence of osteoporosis. Sclerostin single‐chain antibody fragments (SCL‐scFv) have been proven to promote bone formation by binding to scleroprotein, a natural antagonist of the Wnt pathway, but it is difficult to rule alone due to the weak permeability and immunogenicity. Herein, we prepared poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) microspheres as a sustained‐release vehicle to prolong the activity of SCL‐scFv. The morphology of microspheres were uniform and nearly sphere, loading efficiency and encapsulation efficiency of SCL‐scFv microspheres were 6.28 ± 1.04% and 48.37 ± 8.11%, respectively. Approximately 90% of the SCL‐scFvs were released from the microspheres over 28 days with initial burst releasing (38%) in the first 4 days. Sustained‐release of active SCL‐scFv from microspheres promoted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells osteogenic differentiation in vitro and enhanced fracture healing in ovariectomized rats by improving bone mass and bone formation in the fracture region. All these findings demonstrate that the microspheres are able to simultaneously achieve localized long‐term SCL‐scFv controlled release and effectively promote bone formation, which provides a promising approach for osteoporotic fracture.
Phylogenetic interrelationships of the eel families Derichthyidae and Colocongridae (Elopomorpha: Anguilliformes) based on the pectoral skeleton
Authors: da Silva João Paulo C. B. , Datovo Aléssio , Johnson G. David 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA cladistic analysis of the eel families Derichthyidae and Colocongridae is herein proposed for the first time on the basis of morphological data. We discovered dozens of new phylogenetic characters derived from a detailed analysis of the pectoral skeleton, an anatomical system neglected by most previous studies. Our maximum parsimony analysis indicates that Colocongridae sensu lato is paraphyletic, with its two constituent genera Coloconger and Congriscus appearing as successive sister groups of derichthyids. Monophyly of the family Derichthyidae, which has been questioned by some studies, is herein strongly supported by 10 unambiguous synapomorphies. We also stress the importance of the appendicular skeleton as a useful source of phylogenetic information for the resolution of systematic problems within Anguilliformes.
Three‐phase hollow‐fiber liquid‐phase microextraction based on deep eutectic solvent as acceptor phase for extraction and preconcentration of main active compounds in a traditional Chinese medicinal formula
Authors: Xue Jiao , Wang Run‐qin , Chen Xuan , Hu Shuang , Bai Xiao‐hong 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA three‐phase hollow‐fiber liquid‐phase microextraction based on deep eutectic solvent as acceptor phase was developed and coupled with high‐performance capillary electrophoresis for the simultaneous extraction, enrichment, and determination of main active compounds (hesperidin, honokiol, shikonin, magnolol, emodin, and β,β′‐dimethylacrylshikonin) in a traditional Chinese medicinal formula. In this procedure, two hollow fibers, impregnated with n‐heptanol/n‐nonanol (7:3, v/v) mixture in wall pores as the extraction phase and a combination (9:1, v/v) of methyltrioctylammonium chloride/glycerol (1:3, n/n) and methanol in lumen as the acceptor phase, were immersed in the aqueous sample phase. The target analytes in the sample solution were first extracted through the organic phase, and further back‐extracted to the acceptor phase during the stirring process. Important extraction parameters such as types and composition of extraction solvent and deep eutectic solvent, sample phase pH, stirring rate, and extraction time were investigated and optimized. Under the optimal conditions, detection limits were 0.3–0.8 ng/mL with enrichment factors of 6–114 for the analytes and linearities of 0.001–13 μg/mL (r2 ≥ 0.9901). The developed method was successfully applied to the simultaneous extraction and concentration of the main active compounds in a formula of Zi‐Cao‐Cheng‐Qi decoction with the major advantages of convenience, effectiveness, and environmentally friendliness.