bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The OTELO survey
Authors: Ramón-Pérez Marina , Bongiovanni Ángel , Pérez García Ana María , Cepa Jordi , Lara-López Maritza A. , de Diego José A. , Alfaro Emilio , Castañeda Héctor O. , Cerviño Miguel , Fernández-Lorenzo Mirian , Gallego Jesús , González J. Jesús , González-Serrano J. Ignacio , Nadolny Jakub , Oteo Gómez Iván , Pérez Martínez Ricardo , Pintos-Castro Irene , Pović Mirjana , Sánchez-Portal Miguel 
Published: December 2018

Aims. We take advantage of the capability of the OTELO survey to obtain the Hαluminosity function (LF) at z ∼ 0.40. Because of the deepest coverage of OTELO, we are able to determine the faint end of the LF, and thus better constrain the star formation rate and the number of galaxies at low luminosities. The AGN contribution to this LF is estimated as well.Methods. We make use of the multiwavelength catalogue of objects in the field compiled by the OTELO survey, which is unique in terms of minimum flux and equivalent width. We also take advantage of the pseudo-spectra built for each source, which allow the identification of emission lines and the discrimination of different types of objects.Results. The Hαluminosity function atz ∼ 0.40 is obtained, which extends the current faint end by almost 1 dex, reaching minimal luminosities of log10Llim = 38.5 erg s−1(or ∼0.002 M⊙yr−1). The AGN contribution to the total Hαluminosity is estimated. We find that no AGN should be expected below a luminosity of log10L = 38.6 erg s−1. From the sample of non-AGN (presumably, pure SFG) atz ∼ 0.40 we estimated a star formation rate density ofρSFR = 0.012 ± 0.005M⊙ yr−1 Mpc−3.
Percutaneous Endoscopic Diskectomy using an Interlaminar Approach Based on 3D CT/MR Fusion Imaging
Authors: Hashimoto Masayuki , Hirayama Jiro 
Published: December 2018

Background With effective preoperative planning, percutaneous endoscopic diskectomy (PED) via an interlaminar approach (PED-IL) can reduce the need for partial laminectomy. Our aim was to assess the clinical outcomes of PED-IL, planned using three-dimensional fusion of computed tomography and magnetic resonance (3D CT/MR) images.
Material and Methods Our retrospective analysis was based on data from 102 patients (66 were men) treated by PED-IL. Preoperative planning was based on the positional relationship between the nerve root and the lumbar disk herniation, visualized on 3D CT/MR fusion images through a simulated IL window. Two approaches were planned: type I, via a partial window opening of the ligamentum flavum, and type II, via a partial IL window opening and partial laminectomy. Decisions were then made to approach the herniation from the shoulder (subtype s) or axillary (subtype a) portion of the nerve, or we used a combination of both approaches (subtype a + s). Operative time and the pre- to postsurgical change in pain and pain-related disability scores (Japanese Orthopaedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire scores) were evaluated. The number of cases in which the preoperative planned surgery was modified intraoperatively and the incidence of complications were also evaluated.
Results A type I approach was planned in 30 cases (29.4%) and type II in 72 cases (70.6%). Intraoperative change from type I to type II was required in two cases. The mean operative time was longer for type II than type I procedures. Pain and pain-related disability scores improved in all patients, and only one case of dural sleeve damage was identified.
Conclusions Preoperative planning using a simulated IL window to visualize the 3D regional anatomy is effective in predicting the feasibility of a PED-IL.
Usefulness of a Newly Developed Ultrasonic Microdissector in Neurosurgery: A Preliminary Experimental Study
Authors: Goto Tetsuya , Fujii Yusuke , Hanaoka Yoshiki , Hongo Kazuhiro , Okamoto Jun , Muragaki Yoshihiro , Ogiwara Toshihiro 
Published: December 2018

Background Dissection and division of tissues are widely performed in microscopic neurosurgery, especially in brain tumor resection. Dissection maneuvers can be divided into two types: sharp dissection with microscissors and blunt dissection using a dissector. It is essential to use the appropriate method according to the intraoperative situation and conditions. Therefore, specific tools for each type of dissection maneuver are required. We developed an ultrasonic microdissector, a newly designed tool that functions as both microscissors and dissector to further advance brain tumor surgery. This preliminary experimental study was performed to evaluate the usefulness of this new device.
Methods Solfy F (J. Morita Mfg. Corp., Kyoto, Japan), a dental ultrasonic instrument, was used to provide power in this study. Two experiments were performed. The first one involved touching the brain parenchyma of a pig cadaver with the tip of the ultrasonic microdissector under various conditions to investigate its side effects. In the second experiment, the rat femoral artery, vein, and nerve were dissected from surrounding structures using a prototype of the ultrasonic microdissector. The effects of this device were then investigated histologically.
Results The amount of tissue damage was greater with the higher ultrasonic power. No irrigation and a long manipulation time also affected tissue degeneration. Dissection using the ultrasonic microdissector was superior to conventional dissection methods in terms of time (p < 0.05) and safety without any additional histologic damages.
Conclusions The newly developed ultrasonic microdissector can dissect soft tissue without damage to the surrounding tissue. Further studies are required to determine the optimal intensity for its clinical use.
Evolution of the Bacillus Calmette–Guerin Scar and Its Association with Birth and Pregnancy Characteristics in a Prospective Cohort of Infants in Iquitos, Peru
Authors: Schiaffino Francesca , Lee Gwenyth O. , Paredes-Olortegui Maribel , Cabrera Lilia , Penataro-Yori Pablo , Gilman Robert H. , Kosek Margaret N. 
Published: December 2018

Background Bacillus Calmette–Guerin (BCG) scar formation is considered a visual marker of vaccination and cell-mediated immune response. This study characterized the association between pregnancy and birth characteristics with BCG scar formation.
Study Design Pregnant women were enrolled prospectively. Infants were followed up for the first 6 months of life, and the diameter of the BCG scar was recorded. Marginal models were fitted to assess the association of BCG scar diameter with pregnancy and birth characteristics using linear regressions with generalized estimating equations.
Results A total of 307 infants were enrolled, of whom 19.2% (59/307) were of low birth weight. Among those with known gestational age, 7.1% were preterm births (21/295). Overall, 98.7% (303/307) of infants developed a BCG scar. BCG scar trends in a tropical environment, such as the Amazon, differ from the trends evidenced in the capital of Peru. For every additional week of gestational age, the mean scar diameter increased by 0.1 mm (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.02, 0.24; p = 0.017). Maternal illness during pregnancy impacted BCG scar size, as the infants of mothers who self-report fever had a smaller scar diameter (1 mm, 95% CI: 0.5, 1.8 mm; p = 0.001).
Conclusion The immune reaction to the BCG vaccination is affected by gestational age at birth and systemic inflammatory episodes during pregnancy.
Threefold extremal curve germs with one non-Gorenstein point
Authors: Mori S. , Prokhorov Yu. G. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
An extremal curve germ is the analytic germ of a threefold with terminal singularities along a reduced complete curve admitting a contraction whose fibres have dimension at most one. The aim of the present paper is to review the results concerning contractions whose central fibre is irreducible and contains only one non-Gorenstein point.
Effects of dietary protein contents and habitual endurance exercise on supplemental leucine oxidation in mice
Authors: Taniguchi Hirokazu , Akiyama Nao , Ishihara Kengo 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT
The effects of dietary protein contents and regular exercise on the oxidation of supplemented leucine were examined. In the short-term study, male BALB/cCrSlc mice were fed diets containing 0, 10, 20, 35, and 60% protein: energy ratios for 1 week. In the long-term study, exercised and sedentary mice were fed diets containing 20, 35, and 60% protein ratios for 9 weeks. After the feeding periods, the mice were a bolus administered oral supplements of l-[1-13C] leucine. Expired gas was analyzed, and oxidized leucine was expressed as a relative 13CO2/12CO2 ratio. In the short-term study, the peak 13CO2/12CO2 ratio significantly increased with diet protein concentrations. Moreover, the long-term study also showed that the peak 13CO2/12CO2 ratio was significantly increased by high protein diets in both exercised and sedentary mice. Our results indicate that supplemental leucine oxidation is associated with consumption of a high-protein diet, irrespective of exercise status.
Abbreviations: AUC: area under the curve; EX: exercise; RQ: respiratory quotient; SED: sedentary; VO2/W: oxygen uptake per body weight
Protective effects of calcitonin on IL-1 stimulated chondrocytes by regulating MMPs/TIMP-1 ratio via suppression of p50-NF-κB pathway
Authors: Bai Xiaodong , Guo Ai , Li Yadong 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of calcitonin (CT) on interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) stimulated human chondrocytes. IL-1β (5 ng/mL) was added into chondrocytes to establish osteoarthritis (OA) model in vitro. Different concentrations of CT (0.1, 0.5, 1, 5, 10 and 50 nM) were used for treating IL-1β stimulated chondrocytes. Cell viability of chondrocytes was measured by cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) method. Western blotting was performed to evaluate the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-13), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP-1), p50 and p38. CT inhibited MMP-13 expression and promoted TIMP-1 expression in the IL-1β stimulated human chondrocytes. The CT-mediated alteration of MMP-13/TIMP-1 ratio was partially attributed to the inactivation of the p50- nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathway by suppressing p50 in IL-1β stimulated chondrocytes. CT might play a protective role in IL-1β stimulated OA model via p50-NF-κB pathway.
Abbreviations: CT: calcitonin; IL-1β: interleukin-1β; MMP-13: matrix metalloproteinases-13; TIMP-1: tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases-1.
Removal of 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP) by using magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) coated with polypyrrole (PPy)
Authors: Sani Nor Azean Nadhirah Mohamed , Mazlan Nurul Aqilla , Mohamed Ahmad Husaini , Sambasevam Kavirajaa Pandian , Jantan Khairil Anuar , Ramachandran Muggundha Raoov , Sapari Jamil Mohamed 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The research represented here is oriented towards developing a new approach to functionalise a surface of Magnetic Nanoparticles with Polypyrrole (MNPs-PPy). This development will then applied to remove 2,4 dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP) in aqueous solution. A various analytical technique such as Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) was employed for complete characterisation of MNPs-PPy. FT-IR spectra have shown the peak of Fe-O at 580 cm-1 while; the SEM images illustrated the globular structure of the surface of MNPs-PPy. Also, XRD result has shown the MNPs-PPy is in the crystalline form. The ultimate aims would then be the optimisation of the superlative condition of several parameters such as effect pH, temperature and concentration, contact time, amount of adsorbent, interfering ions and reusability for the removal of (2,4-DNP) in an aqueous solution by MNPs-PPy. The optimum conditions were observed at pH 6, 318 K, 10 ppm of analyte, 75 minutes and 50 mg of adsorbents which shown 98.67 % removal of analyte.
Intra-amniotic inflammation induces preterm birth by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome†
Authors: Faro Jonathan , Romero Roberto , Schwenkel George , Garcia-Flores Valeria , Arenas-Hernandez Marcia , Leng Yaozhu , Xu Yi , Miller Derek , Hassan Sonia S , Gomez-Lopez Nardhy 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIntra-amniotic inflammation is strongly associated with spontaneous preterm labor and birth, the leading cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity worldwide. Previous studies have suggested a role for the NLRP3 (NLR family pyrin domain-containing protein 3) inflammasome in the mechanisms that lead to preterm labor and birth. However, a causal link between the NLRP3 inflammasome and preterm labor/birth induced by intra-amniotic inflammation has not been established. Herein, using an animal model of lipopolysaccharide-induced intra-amniotic inflammation (IAI), we demonstrated that there was priming of the NLRP3 inflammasome (1) at the transcriptional level, indicated by enhanced mRNA expression of inflammasome-related genes (Nlrp3, Casp1, Il1b); and (2) at the protein level, indicated by greater protein concentrations of NLRP3, in both the fetal membranes and decidua basalis prior to preterm birth. Additionally, we showed that there was canonical activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the fetal membranes, but not in the decidua basalis, prior to IAI-induced preterm birth as evidenced by increased protein levels of active caspase-1. Protein concentrations of released IL1β were also increased in both the fetal membranes and decidua basalis, as well as in the amniotic fluid, prior to IAI-induced preterm birth. Finally, using the specific NLRP3 inhibitor, MCC950, we showed that in vivo inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome reduced IAI-induced preterm birth and neonatal mortality. Collectively, these results provide a causal link between NLRP3 inflammasome activation and spontaneous preterm labor and birth in the context of intra-amniotic inflammation. We also showed that, by targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome, adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes can be significantly reduced.
A partial agonist for retinoid X receptor mitigates experimental colitis
Authors: Onuki Masayoshi , Watanabe Masaki , Ishihara Narumi , Suzuki Koichiro , Takizawa Kei , Hirota Masato , Yamada Takahiro , Egawa Aiko , Shibahara Osamu , Nishii Midori , Fujihara Michiko , Makishima Makoto , Takahashi Daisuke , Furusawa Yukihiro , Kakuta Hiroki , Hase Koji 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, is an intractable disease of the gastrointestinal tract. Multiple environmental factors, including food ingredients, have been implicated in the development of these diseases. For example, animal fat-rich diets are predisposing factors for ulcerative colitis, whereas n-3 unsaturated fatty acids such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) show protective effects in experimental colitis and are negatively correlated with the incidence of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Given that DHA exhibits agonistic activity on retinoid X receptor (RXR), activation of RXR could be a therapeutic strategy for IBD. However, conventional full RXR agonists are known to show considerable adverse effects. We therefore took advantage of a partial RXR agonist, CBt-PMN, to minimize the adverse effects, and evaluated its efficacy in dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis. Administration of CBt-PMN efficiently ameliorated the symptoms of colitis. This effect was attributed to the down-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as Tnf and Il6 in colon-infiltrating monocytes. Down-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines by CBt-PMN was also evident in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). Among many RXR-associated nuclear receptors, activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARδ) and nuclear hormone receptor 77 (Nur77) suppressed cytokine production by BMDMs. These observations suggest that the activation of PPARδ/RXR and Nur77/RXR heterodimers by CBt-PMN through the permissive mechanism is responsible for diminishing the monocyte-mediated inflammatory response in the gut. Our data highlight the importance of RXR activation in the regulation of colitis.
Documenting social determinants of health-related clinical activities using standardized medical vocabularies
Authors: Arons Abigail , DeSilvey Sarah , Fichtenberg Caroline , Gottlieb Laura 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectivesGrowing recognition that health is shaped by social and economic circumstances has resulted in a rapidly expanding set of clinical activities related to identifying, diagnosing, and intervening around patients’ social risks in the context of health care delivery. The objective of this exploratory analysis was to identify existing documentation tools in common US medical coding systems reflecting these emerging clinical practices to improve patients’ social health.Materials and MethodsWe identified 20 social determinants of health (SDH)-related domains used in 6 published social health assessment tools. We then used medical vocabulary search engines to conduct three independent searches for codes related to these 20 domains included in common medical coding systems (LOINC, SNOMED CT, ICD-10-CM, and CPT). Each of the 3 searches focused on one of three clinical activities: Screening, Assessment/Diagnosis, and Treatment/Intervention.ResultsWe found at least 1 social Screening code for 18 of the 20 SDH domains, 686 social risk Assessment/Diagnosis codes, and 243 Treatment/Intervention codes. Fourteen SDH domains (70%) had codes across all 3 clinical activity areas.DiscussionOur exploratory analysis revealed 1095 existing codes in common medical coding vocabularies that can facilitate documentation of social health-related clinical activities. Despite a large absolute number of codes, there are addressable gaps in the capacity of current medical vocabularies to document specific social risk factor screening, diagnosis, and interventions activities.ConclusionsFindings from this analysis should help inform efforts both to develop a comprehensive set of SDH codes and ultimately to improve documentation of SDH-related activities in clinical settings.
Home-based Cognitive Prehabilitation in Older Surgical Patients: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Vlisides Phillip E. , Das Abhijit R. , Thompson Allie M. , Kunkler Bryan , Zierau Mackenzie , Cantley Michael J. , McKinney Amy M. , Giordani Bruno 
Published: December 2018

Background:
Cognitive training is beneficial in various clinical settings, although its perioperative feasibility and impact remain unknown. The objective of this pilot study was to determine the feasibility of home-based cognitive prehabilitation before major surgery in older adults.

Materials and Methods:
Sixty-one patients were enrolled, randomized, and allocated to either a home-based preoperative cognitive training regimen or no training before surgery. Outcomes included postoperative delirium incidence (primary outcome; assessed with the 3D-Confusion Assessment Method), perioperative cognitive function based on NIH Toolbox measures, hospital length of stay, and physical therapy session participation. Reasons for declining enrollment were reported, as were reasons for opting out of the training program.

Results:
Postoperative delirium incidence was 6 of 23 (26%) in the prehabilitation group compared with 5 of 29 (17%) in the control group (P=0.507). There were no significant differences between groups in NIH Toolbox cognitive function scoring, hospital length of stay, or physical therapy participation rates. Study feasibility data were also collected and reported. The most common reasons for declining enrollment were lack of computer access (n=19), time commitment (n=9), and feeling overwhelmed (n=9). In the training group, only 5 of 29 (17%) included patients were able to complete the prescribed 7 days of training, and 14 of 29 (48%) opted out of training once home. Most common reasons were feeling overwhelmed (n=4) and computer difficulties (n=3).

Conclusions:
Short-term, home-based cognitive training before surgery is unlikely to be feasible for many older patients. Barriers to training include feeling overwhelmed, technical issues with training, and preoperative time commitment.
Sex-specific and Age-specific Analgesia for Early Postoperative Pain Management After Lumbar Decompressive Surgery
Authors: Kim Sang-Il , Ha Kee-Yong , An Howard S. , Rhyu Kee-Won , Lee Hyun-Woo , Oh In-Soo 
Published: December 2018

Study Design:
This was a randomized clinical trial.

Objective:
To compare the efficacy and safety of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug and opioid for acute pain management after lumbar decompressive surgery.

Summary of Background Data:
Multimodal analgesia is associated with synergistic effects while reducing opioid-related adverse effects. However, there is no consensus on the ideal multimodal analgesic regimen. We assumed that each agent in various multimodal regimens under different conditions may have different effects.

Materials and Methods:
This prospective randomized clinical trial recruited adult patients who underwent single-level lumbar decompressive surgery. Patients were randomized to receive our postoperative analgesic regimen including either nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (celecoxib) or opioid (extended-release oxycodone) from postoperative day 3 to 14. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Oswestry Back Pain Disability Index (ODI) were used to evaluate effectiveness preoperatively and on postoperative days 2, 3, 7, and 14, and at 6 months. Drug-related adverse effects were also recorded.

Results:
One hundred patients were enrolled and 93 patients (46 patients with celecoxib vs. 47 patients with oxycodone) were randomized. No differences were observed in patient demographics and preoperative VAS and ODI between the 2 groups. VAS and ODI were not different at all postoperative time points. However, subanalysis according to sex and age, revealed significant differences in efficacy: celecoxib was effective in female individuals and oxycodone was effective in male individuals on postoperative days 7 and 14; oxycodone was effective in patients aged above 65 years on postoperative days 7 and 14. Although nausea/vomiting and constipation were more common in the oxycodone group than in the celecoxib group, other adverse effects were not different.

Conclusions:
In patients who underwent single-level lumbar decompressive surgery, treatment with celecoxib and oxycodone for postoperative pain management showed no significant differences in efficacy. However, subanalysis showed that each drug was effective in different ages and sex groups.

Level of Evidence:
Level II.