bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early-onset autoimmune vitiligo associated with an enhancer variant haplotype that upregulates class II HLA expression
Authors: Jin Ying , Roberts Genevieve H. L. , Ferrara Tracey M. , Ben Songtao , van Geel Nanja , Wolkerstorfer Albert , Ezzedine Khaled , Siebert Janet , Neff Charles P. , Palmer Brent E. , Santorico Stephanie A. , Spritz Richard A. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractVitiligo is an autoimmune disease in which melanocyte destruction causes skin depigmentation, with 49 loci known from previous GWAS. Aiming to define vitiligo subtypes, we discovered that age-of-onset is bimodal; one-third of cases have early onset (mean 10.3 years) and two-thirds later onset (mean 34.0 years). In the early-onset subgroup we found novel association with MHC class II region indel rs145954018, and independent association with the principal MHC class II locus from previous GWAS, represented by rs9271597; greatest association was with rs145954018del-rs9271597A haplotype (P = 2.40 × 10−86, OR = 8.10). Both rs145954018 and rs9271597 are located within lymphoid-specific enhancers, and the rs145954018del-rs9271597A haplotype is specifically associated with increased expression of HLA-DQB1 mRNA and HLA-DQ protein by monocytes and dendritic cells. Thus, for vitiligo, MHC regulatory variation confers extreme risk, more important than HLA coding variation. MHC regulatory variation may represent a significant component of genetic risk for other autoimmune diseases.
Working memory load improves diagnostic performance of smooth pursuit eye movement in mild traumatic brain injury patients with protracted recovery
Authors: Stubbs Jacob L. , Corrow Sherryse L. , Kiang Benjamin R. , Corrow Jeffrey C. , Pearce Hadley L. , Cheng Alex Y. , Barton Jason J. S. , Panenka William J. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSmooth pursuit eye movements have been investigated as a diagnostic tool for mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). However, the degree to which smooth pursuit differentiates mTBI patients from healthy controls (i.e. its diagnostic performance) is only moderate. Our goal was to establish if simultaneous performance of smooth pursuit and a working memory task increased the diagnostic performance of pursuit metrics following mTBI. We integrated an n-back task with two levels of working memory load into a pursuit target, and tested single- and dual-task pursuit in mTBI patients and healthy controls. We assessed pursuit using measures of velocity accuracy, positional accuracy and positional variability. The mTBI group had higher pursuit variability than the control group in all conditions. Performing a concurrent 1-back task decreased pursuit variability for both the mTBI and control groups. Performing a concurrent 2-back task produced differential effects between the groups: Pursuit variability was significantly decreased in the control group, but not in the mTBI group. Diagnostic indices were improved when pursuit was combined with the 2-back task, and increased by 20% for the most sensitive variable. Smooth pursuit with simultaneous working memory load may be a superior diagnostic tool for mTBI than measuring smooth pursuit alone.
Metabolic phenotype of breast-fed infants, and infants fed standard formula or bovine MFGM supplemented formula: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: He Xuan , Parenti Mariana , Grip Tove , Domellöf Magnus , Lönnerdal Bo , Hernell Olle , Timby Niklas , Slupsky Carolyn M. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractFormula-fed (FF) infants exhibit a different metabolic profile than breast-fed (BF) infants. Two potential mechanisms are the higher protein level in formula compared with breast milk and the removal of the milk fat and associated milk fat globule membranes (MFGM) during production of infant formula. To determine whether MFGM may impact metabolism, formula-fed infants were randomly assigned to receive either an MFGM isolate-supplemented experimental formula (EF) or a standard formula (SF) from 2 until 6 months and compared with a BF reference group. Infants consuming EF had higher levels of fatty acid oxidation products compared to infants consuming SF. Although the protein level in the study formula was approximately 12 g/L (lower than most commercial formulas), a metabolic difference between FF and BF remained such that FF infants had higher levels of amino acid catabolism by-products and a low efficiency of amino acid clearance (preference for protein metabolism). BF infants had higher levels of fatty acid oxidation products (preference for fat metabolism). These unique, energy substrate-driven metabolic outcomes did not persist after diet was shifted to weaning foods and appeared to be disrupted by complementary feeding. Our results suggest that MFGM may have a role in directing infant metabolism.
Invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast had no difference in prognosis compared with invasive ductal carcinoma: a propensity-matched analysis
Authors: Hao Shuang , Zhao Yuan-Yuan , Peng Jin-Juan , Ren Fei , Yang Wen-Tao , Yu Ke-Da , Shao Zhi-Ming 
Published: January 2019

AbstractInvasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) is a rare histopathological variant of breast carcinoma that is usually associated with poor clinical characteristics. Whether IMPC has worse prognosis than invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) is controversial. This retrospective study examined the prognostic difference between IMPC and IDC. We analysed 327 cases of IMPC patients and 4979 IDC cases who underwent primary resection in our institution between 2008 and 2012. Using propensity score matching, the two groups were matched at 1:1 by age, tumour size, nodal status, hormone status, and HER2 status. Differences in prognosis were assessed by Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox regression analysis. We established the IMPC group and identified 324 IDC patients by propensity score matching. The survival analysis indicated that IMPC patients had no significant reduced overall survival (p = 0.752) or disease-free survival (p = 0.578) compared with IDC patients. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that IMPC was not an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.944; 95% confidential interval [CI], 0.601–1.481) or overall survival (HR = 0.727; 95% CI, 0.358–1.478). Survival analysis demonstrated no statistically significant difference between IMPC and IDC, indicating that proactive or radical clinical therapy is unnecessary.
Polyaspartic acid (PASP)-urea and optimised nitrogen management increase the grain nitrogen concentration of rice
Authors: Deng Fei , Wang Li , Mei Xiu-Feng , Li Shu-Xian , Pu Shi-Lin , Li Qiu-Ping , Ren Wan-Jun 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIncrease in grain nitrogen concentration (GNC), which is directly affected by nitrogen (N) application, can help overcome the issues of malnutrition. Here, the effects of urea type (polyaspartic acid (PASP) urea and conventional urea) and N management method (two splits and four splits) on GNC and N concentration of head rice were investigated in field experiments conducted in Sichuan, China, in 2014 and 2015. N concentration of grain and head rice were significantly (P < 0.05) increased by N redistribution from the leaf lamina, activities of glutamine synthetase (GS), and glutamate synthase (GOGAT) at the heading stage, and N concentration and GOGAT activity in the leaf lamina at the maturity stage. Compared to conventional urea, PASP-urea significantly improved N concentration of grain and head rice by improving the activities of GS and GOGAT, thereby increasing N distribution in the leaf lamina. The four splits method, unlike the two splits method, enhanced N concentration and activities of key N metabolism enzymes of leaf lamina, leading to increased GNC and N concentration in head rice too. Overall, four splits is a feasible method for using PASP-urea and improving GNC.
Metabolomic fingerprint of coronary blood in STEMI patients depends on the ischemic time and inflammatory state
Authors: Deidda Martino , Piras Cristina , Binaghi Giulio , Congia Damiana , Pani Alessandro , Boi Alberto , Sanna Francesco , Rossi Angelica , Loi Bruno , Cadeddu Dessalvi Christian , Atzori Luigi , Porcu Maurizio , Mercuro Giuseppe 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn this study we investigated whether the metabolomic analysis could identify a specific fingerprint of coronary blood collected during primary PCI in STEMI patients. Fifteen samples was subjected to metabolomic analysis. Subsequently, the study population was divided into two groups according to the peripheral blood neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), a marker of the systemic inflammatory response. Regression analysis was then applied separately to the two NLR groups. A partial least square (PLS) regression identified the most significant involved metabolites and the PLS-class analysis revealed a significant correlation between the metabolic profile and the total ischemic time only in patients with an NLR > 5.77.
Coupling between Grand cycles and Events in Earth’s climate during the past 115 million years
Authors: Boulila Slah 
Published: January 2019

AbstractGeological sediment archives document a rich periodic series of astronomically driven climate, but record also abrupt, severe climatic changes called events, the multi-Myr boundary conditions of which have generally been ascribed to acyclic processes from Earth’s interior dynamics. These events have rarely been considered together within extended time series for potential correlation with long-term (multi-million year, Myr) cycling. Here I show a coupling between events and multi-Myr cycles in a temperature and ice-volume climatic proxy of the geological past 115 Myr. I use Cenozoic through middle Cretaceous climatic variations, as recorded in benthic foraminifera δ18O, to highlight prominent ~9 and ~36 Myr cyclicities. These cyclicities were previously attributed either to astronomical or tectonic variations. In particular, I point out that most of the well-known events during the past 115 Myr geological interval occur during extremes in the ~9 and ~36 Myr cycling. One exception is the early Cenozoic hyperthermal events including the salient Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (~56 Ma), which do not match extremes in long-period cyclicities, but to inflection point of these cycles. Specific focus on climatic events, as inferred from δ18O proxy, suggest that some “events”, marked by gradual trends within the ~9 and ~36 Myr cycle extremes, would principally be paced by long-term cycling, while “events”, recorded as abrupt δ18O changes nearby cycle extremes, would be rather induced by acyclic processes. The connection between cyclic and acyclic processes, as triggers or feedbacks, is very likely. Such link between cycling and events in Earth’s past climate provides insight into celestial dynamics governing perturbations in Earth’s surface systems, but also the potential connection between external and Earth’s interior processes.
Gut microbiota profiling with differential tolerance against the reduced dietary fibre level in rabbit
Authors: Chen Shi-Yi , Deng Feilong , Jia Xianbo , Liu Hanzhong , Zhang Gong-Wei , Lai Song-Jia 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDietary fibre is well acknowledged to be critical in maintaining the gut homeostasis in human and other monogastric animals. As a small monogastric herbivorous animal, rabbit is much sensitive to the reduced intake of dietary fibre and more interestingly shows individual difference in clinical tolerance. In the present study, we fed rabbits with fibre-deficiency diet for two weeks and successfully distinguished the individual tolerances according to clinical signs and gastrointestinal gross lesions. A total of 40 treatments were classified into three groups of the full health (N = 10), moderate intestinal disorder (N = 11) and severe intestinal disorder (N = 19). Together with three controls, 43 individuals were subjected to gut microbiota profiling by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. It was revealed that the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio steadily decreased from 1.74 in healthy group to 1.03 in severe group. However, the healthy individuals that showed complete tolerance still remained a comparable Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio with controls. Notably, the class Alphaproteobacteria was found to be higher abundance in healthy group than controls and other treatment groups. The results would improve our understanding of the relationship among dietary fibre, gut microbiota and host health.
Chromophore pre-maturation for improved speed and sensitivity of split-GFP monitoring of protein secretion
Authors: Lundqvist Magnus , Thalén Niklas , Volk Anna-Luisa , Hansen Henning Gram , von Otter Eric , Nygren Per-Åke , Uhlen Mathias , Rockberg Johan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractComplementation-dependent fluorescence is a powerful way to study co-localization or interactions between biomolecules. A split-GFP variant, involving the self-associating GFP 1–10 and GFP 11, has previously provided a convenient approach to measure recombinant protein titers in cell supernatants. A limitation of this approach is the slow chromophore formation after complementation. Here, we alleviate this lag in signal generation by allowing the GFP 1–10 chromophore to mature on a solid support containing GFP 11 before applying GFP 1–10 in analyses. The pre-maturated GFP 1–10 provided up to 150-fold faster signal generation compared to the non-maturated version. Moreover, pre-maturated GFP 1–10 significantly improved the ability of discriminating between Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines secreting GFP 11-tagged erythropoietin protein at varying rates. Its improved kinetics make the pre-maturated GFP 1–10 a suitable reporter molecule for cell biology research in general, especially for ranking individual cell lines based on secretion rates of recombinant proteins.
Insufficient glutamine synthetase activity during synaptogenesis causes spatial memory impairment in adult mice
Authors: Son Hyeonwi , Kim Sujeong , Jung Doo-hyuk , Baek Ji Hyeong , Lee Dong Hoon , Roh Gu Seob , Kang Sang Soo , Cho Gyeong Jae , Choi Wan Sung , Lee Dong Kun , Kim Hyun Joon 
Published: January 2019

AbstractGlutamatergic synapses constitute a major excitatory neurotransmission system and are regulated by glutamate/glutamine (Gln) cycling between neurons and astrocytes. Gln synthetase (GS) produced by astrocytes plays an important role in maintaining the cycle. However, the significance of GS during synaptogenesis has not been clarified. GS activity and expression significantly increase from postnatal day (PD) 7 to 21, and GS is expressed prior to glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and is more abundant than GFAP throughout synaptogenesis. These observations suggest that GS plays an important role in synaptogenesis. We investigated this by inhibiting GS activity in neonatal mice and assessed the consequences in adult animals. Lower expression levels of GS and GFAP were found in the CA3 region of the hippocampus but not in the CA1 region. Moreover, synaptic puncta and glutamatergic neurotransmission were also decreased in CA3. Behaviorally, mice with inhibited GS during synaptogenesis showed spatial memory-related impairment as adults. These results suggest that postnatal GS activity is important for glutamatergic synapse development in CA3.
Understanding of risk factors for the human papillomavirus (HPV) infection based on gender and race
Authors: Osazuwa-Peters Nosayaba , Adjei Boakye Eric , Rohde Rebecca L. , Ganesh Rajan N. , Moiyadi Ammar S. , Hussaini Adnan S. , Varvares Mark A. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis study assessed if race and gender predict known sexual risk factors associated with HPV. Data (n = 301) were from a cross-sectional study conducted at a drag racing event on September 12–13, 2015 in Madison, Illinois. Both multivariable logistic and linear regression models estimated the association between race, gender, and sexual risk factors. About 63% of participants were males, and 65% identified as Blacks. Compared to females, males were more likely to have a higher number of oral sexual partners (OR = 2.10; 95% CI: 1.23, 3.57). Males were also more likely to have earlier oral sexual (b = −2.10; 95% CI: −3.60, −0.60) and vaginal sexual (b = −1.10; 95% CI: −1.69, −0.31) debuts compared to females. Blacks were more likely to have higher number of vaginal sexual partners (OR = 3.38; 95% CI: 1.81, 6.31) and earlier vaginal sex (b = −1.09; 95% CI: −1.78, −0.41) but less likely to have earlier oral sexual debuts compared with Whites (b = 2.67; 95% CI: 1.21, −4.13). Because HPV is associated with several cancers, our findings provide impetus for the development of targeted educational interventions aimed at improving the knowledge of these sexual risk factors, especially among men and across race groups.
Norepinephrine-functionalised nanoflower-like organic silica as a new adsorbent for effective Pb(II) removal from aqueous solutions
Authors: Gao Junkai , Guo Xiuwang , Tao Wenwen , Chen Dian , Lu Jinshu , Chen Yan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn order to remove Pb(II) ions efficiently from aqueous solutions, a new effective adsorbent of norepinephrine-functionalised nanoflower-like organic silica (NE-NFOS) was synthesised by a biomimetic method. Biomimetic functionalization with norepinephrine has the advantages of environment-friendly and easy operation. Characterization of the NE-NFOS using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that the NFOS was modified successfully by norepinephrine. Furthermore, the influences of different parameters including adsorption kinetics, solution pH, adsorption isotherms, concentrations of Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+, desorption and reusability were studied. The adsorption experiments showed that the capacity of NE-NFOS to adsorb Pb(II) ions improved greatly after functionalisation and adsorption equilibrium was attained within 90 min at a pH of 6.0. The Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ concentrations had little influence on the adsorption, and after recycling for five times, the Pb(II) ion removal efficiency of the adsorbent was more than 79% of its initial value. Thus, it was demonstrated that the NE-NFOS with excellent adsorption performance could be a suitable adsorbent for Pb(II) ions removal in practical applications.
Maintenance of the bladder cancer precursor urothelial hyperplasia requires FOXA1 and persistent expression of oncogenic HRAS
Authors: Yee Christopher H. , Zheng Zongyu , Shuman Lauren , Yamashita Hironobu , Warrick Joshua I. , Wu Xue-Ru , Raman Jay D. , DeGraff David J. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractTumorigenesis requires accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations, some of which drive tumor initiation. “Oncogene addiction” describes the phenomenon that (1) well-established cancers are dependent on one mutated oncogene or pathway for the maintenance of a malignant phenotype and that (2) withdrawal of the single oncogenic event leads to growth arrest and/or cancer regression. While oncogene addiction has been experimentally validated in advanced tumor models, its role in tumor precursors has not been investigated. We utilized the requirement of Forkhead box A1 (Foxa1) for transcriptional activation of the Upk2-promoter to temporally control the expression of Upk2-HRAS* oncogene, an inducer of urothelial hyperplasia in transgenic mice. Inducible homozygous knockout of Foxa1 in Upk2-HRAS*/UBC-CreERT2/Foxa1loxp/loxp mice results in reduced HRAS* levels. This led to a marked reduction of urothelial proliferation as evidenced by urothelial thinning, degenerative changes such as intracellular vacuole formation, and reduced Ki67 expression. Reduced proliferation did not affect basal, Krt14-positive cells, supporting the fact that Foxa1-regulated Upk2-HRAS* expression occurs primarily in supra-basal cells. Our results indicate that maintenance of urothelial hyperplasia in Upk2-HRAS* mice depends on continuous expression of Foxa1 and activated HRAS, and that mutated receptor tyrosine kinases, FOXA1 and/or other downstream effectors may mediate oncogene addiction in urothelial hyperplasia.
Nano-Antennas Based on Silicon-Gold Nanostructures
Authors: Kucherik A. , Kutrovskaya S. , Osipov A. , Gerke M. , Chestnov I. , Arakelian S. , Shalin A. S. , Evlyukhin A. B. , Kavokin A. V. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe experimentally realize nano-antennas based on hybrid silicon-gold nanoparticles (NPs). The silicon particles covered by clusters of small metal NPs are fabricated from a liquid phase under the effect of the laser irradiation. The complex nanoclusters containing both Si and Au components provide the enhancement of the near-field intensity and the resonant light scattering associated with excitation of multipole resonances in NPs. A strong sensitivity of the resonant light absorption to the hybrid particle size and material parameters is experimentally documented and theoretically discussed. The results demonstrate a high potentiality of the hybrid NPs for the realization of functional optical devices and metasurfaces.
A collection of rumen bacteriome data from 334 mid-lactation dairy cows
Authors: Sun Hui-Zeng , Xue Mingyuan , Guan Le Luo , Liu Jianxin 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWith the help of the bacteria in the rumen, ruminants can effectively convert human inedible plant fiber to edible food (meat and milk). However, the understanding of rumen bacteriome in dairy cows is still limited, especially in a large population under the same diet, breed, and milking period. Here we described the sequencing data of 16S rRNA gene of rumen bacteriome from 334 mid-lactation Holstein dairy cows generated using the Illumina HiSeq 2500 (PE250) platform. A total of 24,030,828 raw reads with an average of 71,946 ± 13,450 sequences per sample were obtained. The top ten genera with highest relative abundance accounted for 60.65% of total bacterial sequences. We observed 4,460 overall operational taxonomic units (1,827 ± 94 per sample) based on a 97% nucleotide sequence identity between reads. Totally 6,082 amplicon sequence variants (672 ± 131 per sample) were identified in 334 samples. The shareable datasets can be re-used by researchers to assess other rumen bacterial-related biological functions in dairy cows towards the improvement of animal production and health.
Online sensorless position estimation for switched reluctance motors using characteristics of overlap position based on inductance profile
Authors: Kim Jae‐Hoon , Kim Rae‐Young 
Published: January 2019

This study proposes an online sensorless position estimation method using switched reluctance motor (SRM) characteristics of overlapped position. The SRM drive system operation requires rotor position information of the motor to apply or commutate the current flowing in each phase winding. Conventional position sensorless control methods have some limitations due to complicated calculations, large memory space requirements dependency on lookup tables, and drive limitations for specific motors. To overcome these limitations, the proposed method uses the characteristics of the overlapping position of the SRM to estimate the rotor position information and hybrid sensorless control by varying the control method according to the operating section. The proposed sensorless position estimation method is verified experimentally using a 400 W 4/2 SRM.