bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Image-Guided Percutaneous Biopsy for Pancreatic Lesions: 10-Year Experience in a Tertiary Cancer Center
Authors: Stella Steffan Frosi , Van Borsel Mathias , Markose George , Nair Sabarinath B. 
Published: March 2019

Introduction Image-guided biopsy is an important tool in the diagnosis of solid pancreatic masses. This study aims to evaluate the accuracy and complications associated with this procedure. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of all patients referred to interventional radiology for pancreatic biopsy at our institution from July 2004-July 2015. Two radiologists independently reviewed the images, technical aspects, and clinical characteristics. Results A total of 82 patients underwent pancreatic biopsy using a combination of computed tomography (CT) and/or ultrasound guidance. Mean age was 67.8 years with 56% males. Most lesions were located in the head (63.4%), followed by the tail (19.5%), and the body (17.1%). The procedures were performed using the anterior (79.3%), lateral (7.3%), or posterior (13.4%) approach, with direct access in 85.4% of the patients and indirect access (transgastric or transhepatic) in 14.6% of cases. Core biopsies were obtained in 81.7% of cases, and fine needle aspiration was performed in 18.3% of cases. Needle size varied from 18–22 gauge (median 20 gauge). The median number of samples collected was 3 (range 1–8). A conclusive result was obtained in 82.9% of cases. There were 9 (11%) patients with minor complications: minor bleeding, pain, and inadvertent bowel puncture with no clinical repercussion. There were no deaths or major complications. Conclusion Percutaneous image-guided pancreatic mass biopsy can be performed safely with excellent accuracy. Our results are comparable with endoscopic biopsy/aspiration, and percutaneous biopsy may be used as an alternative, particularly at institutions where endoscopy facilities are limited.
Twenty Years of Plaque Incision and Grafting for Peyronie’s Disease: A Review of Literature
Authors: Rice Patrick G. , Somani Bhaskar K. , Rees Rowland W. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Plaque incision and grafting (PIG) is indicated for men with complex or severe penile curvature and, despite a multitude of incision types and grafting materials having been used, no individual technique has proven superiority.

Aim
To assess outcomes following PIG and to understand the operative technique.

Methods
A systematic review was performed to find all relevant studies reporting on use of the PIG technique to correct curvature resulting from Peyronie’s disease. Studies were included if they had &gt;40 participants, were written in the English language, and no penile prosthesis was implanted.

Main Outcome Measures
Primary outcome measures included deformity correction, erectile dysfunction, and degree of penile lengthening/shortening. Secondary outcome measures included satisfaction, reoperation rate, and complications.

Results
Twelve studies were included in the quantitative synthesis, which overall report on the results of 1,025 patients. Careful patient selection was critical, with erectile function requiring assessment with the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), subjective patient reports, and consideration of whether erections are pharmacologically aided. There was no evidence of superiority in favor of any particular incision type or grafting material, and absorbable sutures were clearly favored. Postoperatively, 4.6%–67.4% required pharmacologically aided erections and 0–11.8% were completely unable to achieve erections. Successful straightening occurred in 80.0%–96.4%, although there was no consistent definition of success. Penile length was unchanged in 44.2%–95.0%; 88.0%–92.0% of the patients were satisfied, and .7%–4.7% required reoperation. Altered sensation occurred in 2.0%–22.5% of patients, of which 80.0%–100.0% was only a transient loss. All outcomes were heterogeneously reported. There are no clear predictive factors for erectile dysfunction following PIG surgery. No single incision type or grafting material has proven superiority.

Conclusion
PIG is an effective and safe technique for correction of complex or severe penile curvature in terms of satisfaction, length change, straightening, and complications.
The effects of 7‐week cognitive training in patients with vascular cognitive impairment, no dementia (the Cog‐VACCINE study): A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tang Yi , Xing Yi , Zhu Zude , He Yong , Li Fang , Yang Jianwei , Liu Qing , Li Fangyu , Teipel Stefan J. , Zhao Guoguang , Jia Jianping 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIntroductionEvidence for the efficacy of cognitive training in patients with subcortical vascular cognitive impairment no dementia is still lacking.MethodsA randomized, active controlled design using multidomain, adaptive, computerized cognitive training for 30 minutes, 5 days/week for 7 weeks. Assessments included global cognitive function and executive function (primary outcomes) and brain functional connectivity and structural changes (secondary outcomes).ResultsSixty patients were randomized across three medical centers in Beijing. At the end of the intervention, the cognitive training group showed significant improvement in Montreal Cognitive Assessment relative to the active control group (P = .013) and significantly increased functional connectivity between the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and medial prefrontal cortex, which was significantly correlated with Montreal Cognitive Assessment change (P = .017).DiscussionComputerized cognitive training significantly improved global cognitive function, which was supported by the improved brain plasticity. Incorporation of biomarkers should be implemented in cognitive training trials.
Flap Combination Phalloplasty in Female-to-Male Transsexuals
Authors: Namba Yuzaburo , Watanabe Toshiyuki , Kimata Yoshihiro 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT

Background
Although phalloplasty with a free radial forearm (RF) flap is the gold standard for sex reassignment surgery in female-to-male transsexuals, it can result in unsightly scars, lymphedema, and numbness of the hand.

Aim
To introduce the concept of flap combination phalloplasty and its clinical application.

Methods
This is a retrospective chart review study of patients undergoing phalloplasty using various multiple flaps. Demographic data, surgical data, and outcomes were recorded.

Outcomes
Of the 15 cases, 5 were urethral fistulas; 4 were venous thrombosis; 2 were urethral calculus; and 1 was a partial flap loss.

Results
15 patients were included (age range 25–43 years, median 34 years). An RF flap and a deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flap combination were most frequently used. The median operative time for flap combination phalloplasty was 10.5 hours (range 6.5–12.5 hours). There was no total flap necrosis, but there was 1 case of partial flap loss. There were urethral fistulas in 5, venous thrombosis in 4, and urethral calculus in 2 cases.

Clinical Implications
Flap combination phalloplasty will become the third option when both the RF flap and the anterolateral thigh pedicle flap are not useful.

Strength & limitations
Flap combination phalloplasty is a complex operative procedure with a prolonged operative time, but it can provide more flap selection and reduce the morbidity at each donor site. Choosing from many different options can be beneficial to patients.

Conclusion
Flap combination phalloplasty has a similar complication rate to other procedures and has advantages in terms of flexibility and less donor site morbidity; it may thus be an option when either the RF flap or the anterolateral thigh pedicle flap cannot be used.
Sport experience is correlated with complex motor skill recovery in youth following concussion
Authors: Dalecki Marc , Gorbet Diana J. , Macpherson Alison , Sergio Lauren E. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTA previous study showed prolonged cognitive–motor integration (CMI) deficits in youth with a history of concussion who were classified as asymptomatic by current return‐to‐play protocols, highlighting potential differences between clinical symptom recovery and skill recovery. The present study examines factors that may influence skilled performance recovery (defined as matching the skill level of no‐concussion history peers) post‐concussion in a similar cohort. Sixty‐four asymptomatic youth (M = 13 yrs.) soccer, hockey, and lacrosse players with a concussion history (M = 14 months post‐concussion) who returned to play and sixty‐two age‐matched team members with no previous concussion participated in this study. They performed two touchscreen‐based eye–hand coordination tasks, including a direct interaction and a CMI task. We analysed the relationship between CMI performance and concussion history, and whether age, sex, number of concussions, and years of sport experience in their sport affected skill recovery. Individuals with concussion history and higher amounts of sport experience (7–12 years) reached a performance level matching their no‐history peers quicker (after 12 months) than those with concussion history and lower sport experience (1–6 years; recovery after 30 months). This effect was independent of the number of concussions, age, and sex. The present results point towards an important role of eye–limb coordination‐related sport experience in functional CMI recovery post‐concussion. Youth with a concussion history but greater sport experience may have more skill‐related motor “reserve”. This reserve may directly aid in behavioural recovery post‐concussion, or the greater neurological efficiency associated with athletic experience provides a compensatory mechanism that provides faster functional recovery.
Prevalence of disordered eating in elite female athletes in team sports in Greece
Authors: Kampouri Dimitra , Kotopoulea‐Nikolaidi Maria , Daskou Sofia , Giannopoulou Ifigeneia 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTThe purpose of the study was to assess (a) the prevalence of disordered eating (DE) in elite female team sports players compared to non‐athletes and (b) to compare DE prevalence in elite female players in basketball, volleyball and water polo. One hundred and seventy‐five females were recruited (age 23.10 ± 5.4, BMI 21.85 ± 2.3 kg/m2), 53 were elite basketball players, 42 were elite volleyball players, 34 were elite water polo players and 46 were non‐athletes. Participants completed the Eating Disorders Questionnaire (EDE‐Q) and a physical activity questionnaire. The EDE‐Q incorporates 36 statements which relate to the occurrence and frequency of key behaviours of eating disorders, under the following four subscales: Restraint, eating concern, shape concern and weight concern and a global score of disordered eating. No differences were found in the EDE‐Q subscale score and global score between athletes and non‐athletes. Only 6.2% of the total number of participants exhibited DE using the global score >2.3. Water polo players had significantly higher scores in the ‘eating concern’ subscale and in the frequency of key behavioural features of DE such as binge eating episodes and objective and subjective bulimic episodes, compared to volleyball and basketball players. In conclusion, team sport elite female players do not exhibit greater prevalence of DE compared to non‐athletes. Water polo, a sport that emphasises leanness and control of body weight for international distinctions, is associated with a higher tendency to exhibit DE, when compared to other team sports.
Upper‐body repeated‐sprint training in hypoxia in international rugby union players
Authors: Beard Adam , Ashby John , Kilgallon Mark , Brocherie Franck , Millet Grégoire P. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis study investigated the effects of upper‐body repeated‐sprint training in hypoxia vs. in normoxia on world‐level male rugby union players’ repeated‐sprint ability (RSA) during an international competition period. Thirty‐six players belonging to an international rugby union male national team performed over a 2‐week period four sessions of double poling repeated‐sprints (consisting of 3 × eight 10‐s sprints with 20‐s passive recovery) either in normobaric hypoxia (RSH, simulated altitude 3000 m, n = 18) or in normoxia (RSN, 300 m; n = 18). At pre‐ and post‐training intervention, RSA was evaluated using a double‐poling repeated‐sprint test (6 × 10‐s maximal sprint with 20‐s passive recovery) performed in normoxia. Significant interaction effects (P < 0.05) between condition and time were found for RSA‐related parameters. Compared to Pre‐, peak power significantly improved at post‐ in RSH (423 ± 52 vs. 465 ± 69 W, P = 0.002, η²=0.12) but not in RSN (395 ± 65 vs. 397 ± 57 W). Averaged mean power was also significantly enhanced from pre‐ to post‐intervention in RSH (351 ± 41 vs. 388 ± 53 W, P < 0.001, η²=0.15), while it remained unchanged in RSN (327 ± 49 vs. 327 ± 43 W). No significant change in sprint decrement (P = 0.151, η² = 0.02) was observed in RSH (−17 ± 2% vs. −16 ± 3%) nor RSN (−17 ± 2% vs. −18 ± 4%). This study showed that only four upper‐body RSH sessions were beneficial in enhancing repeated power production in international rugby union players. Although the improvement from RSA to game behaviour remains unclear, this finding appears of practical relevance since only a short preparation window is available prior to international games.
Health assistant: answering your questions anytime from biomedical literature
Authors: Jin Zan-Xia , Zhang Bo-Wen , Fang Fan , Zhang Le-Le , Yin Xu-Cheng 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Motivation
With the abundant medical resources, especially literature available online, it is possible for people to understand their own health status and relevant problems autonomously. However, how to obtain the most appropriate answer from the increasingly large-scale database, remains a great challenge. Here, we present a biomedical question answering framework and implement a system, Health Assistant, to enable the search process.

Methods
In Health Assistant, a search engine is firstly designed to rank biomedical documents based on contents. Then various query processing and search techniques are utilized to find the relevant documents. Afterwards, the titles and abstracts of top-N documents are extracted to generate candidate snippets. Finally, our own designed query processing and retrieval approaches for short text are applied to locate the relevant snippets to answer the questions.

Results
Our system is evaluated on the BioASQ benchmark datasets, and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of our system, compared to BioASQ participant systems and some state-of-the-art methods on both document retrieval and snippet retrieval tasks.

Availability and implementation
A demo of our system is available at https://github.com/jinzanxia/biomedical-QA.
A novel genotype-based clinicopathology classification of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy provides novel insights into disease progression
Authors: Chen Liang , Song Jiangping , Chen Xiao , Chen Kai , Ren Jie , Zhang Ningning , Rao Man , Hu Zhenliang , Zhang Yan , Gu Min , Zhao Hong , Tang Hanwei , Yang Zhongfa , Hu Shengshou 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Aims
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (AC) shows large heterogeneity in its clinical, genetic, and pathological presentation. This study aims to provide a comprehensive atlas of end-stage AC and illustrate the relationships among clinical characteristics, genotype, and pathological profiles of patients with this disease.

Methods and results
We collected 60 explanted AC hearts and performed standard pathology examinations. The clinical characteristics of patients, their genotype and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging findings were assessed along with pathological characteristics. Masson staining of six representative sections of each heart were performed. Digital pathology combined with image segmentation was developed to calculate distribution of myocardium, fibrosis, and adipose tissue. An unsupervised clustering based on fibrofatty distribution containing four subtypes was constructed. Patients in Cluster 1 mainly carried desmosomal mutations (except for desmoplakin) and were subjected to transplantation at early age; this group was consistent with classical ‘desmosomal cardiomyopathy’. Cluster 2 mostly had non-desmosomal mutations and showed regional fibrofatty replacement in right ventricle. Patients in Cluster 3 showed parallel progression, and included patients with desmoplakin mutations. Cluster 4 is typical left-dominant AC, although the genetic background of these patients is not yet clear. Multivariate regression analysis revealed precordial QRS voltage as an independent indicator of the residual myocardium of right ventricle, which was validated in predicting death and transplant events in the validation cohort (n = 92).

Conclusion
This study provides a novel classification of AC with distinct genetic backgrounds indicating different potential pathogenesis. Cluster 1 is distinct in genotype and clinicopathology and can be defined as ‘desmosomal cardiomyopathy’. Precordial QRS amplitude is an independent indicator reflecting the right ventricular remodelling, which may be able to predict transplant/death events for AC patients.
Host–microbial dialogues in atopic dermatitis
Authors: Kobayashi Tetsuro , Nagao Keisuke 
Published: March 2019

AbstractRecent advances in sequencing technologies have revealed the diversity of microbes that reside on the skin surface which has enhanced our understanding on skin as an ecosystem, wherein the epidermis, immune cells and the microbiota engage in active dialogues that maintain barrier integrity and functional immunity. This mutual dialogue is altered in atopic dermatitis (AD), in which an impaired epidermal barrier, the skin microbial flora and aberrant immunity can form a vicious cycle that leads to clinical manifestations as eczematous dermatitis. Microbiome studies have revealed an altered microbial landscape in AD and genetic studies have identified genes that underlie barrier impairment and immune dysregulation. Shifting from the long-standing notion that AD was mediated by conventional allergic responses, emerging data suggest that it is a disorder of an altered host–microbial relationship with sophisticated pathophysiology. In this review, we will discuss recent advancements that suggest the roles of the skin microbiota in AD pathophysiology, genetic factors that mediate barrier impairment, dysbiosis and inflammation. Studies in mice, classic AD and monogenic disorders that manifest as AD collectively facilitate our understanding of AD pathophysiology and provide a foundation for novel therapeutic strategies.
‘Home Means Everything to Me …’: A Study of Young Syrian Refugees’ Narratives Constructing Home in Greece
Authors: Arvanitis Eugenia , Yelland Nicola 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The ongoing civil war in Syria has displaced many citizens who have fled the violence in order to seek sanctuary and asylum in Europe. As they seek refugee status, they are living in liminal spaces in transit countries, in the hope that they will be relocated on a permanent basis to a new country. In many instances, family members have gone before them and are already ‘settled’ in new countries. The remaining family make the perilous journey out of Syria, in the hope that they will be reunited with their family members and accorded refugee status. In this article, we share the stories of five Syrian children (aged from 11 to 15 years of age) temporarily housed in the LM refugee centre near the town of Lehaina (Myrsini Ileias, Peloponnese, Greece). We asked them about their concept of ‘home’ and, using a narrative methodology, we present their personal stories of their reconstructions of ‘home’ while they are located in this liminal space. How do they share stories of their original homes? What are their lives like in this and the other unfamiliar places that they have found themselves in? What do the young refugees make of their ‘new homes’? What challenges do they face? These are just some of the issues that we explore here in these narratives of a search for a ‘new’ home.
Idiopathic Normal-Pressure Hydrocephalus: Diagnostic Accuracy of Automated Sulcal Morphometry in Patients With Ventriculomegaly
Authors: Kuchcinski Grégory , Jacquiez Caroline , Baroncini Marc , Machuron François , Béhal Hélène , Dumont Julien , Lopes Renaud , Delmaire Christine , Lebouvier Thibaud , Bottlaender Michel , Bordet Regis , Defebvre Luc , Pruvo Jean-Pierre , Leclerc Xavier , Hodel Jérôme 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a treatable cause of gait and cognitive impairment. iNPH should be differentiated from ventriculomegaly secondary to brain atrophy to choose the best therapeutic option (ventriculoperitoneal shunt vs medical management).

OBJECTIVE
To determine the diagnostic accuracy of automated sulcal morphometry to differentiate patients with iNPH from patients with ventriculomegaly of neurodegenerative origin.

METHODS
Thirty-eight consecutive patients with iNPH (shunt responsive n = 31, nonresponsive n = 7), 35 with vascular cognitive disorder, and 25 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were prospectively included and underwent cognitive evaluation and 3T brain magnetic resonance imaging. Sulcal opening of 10 sulci of interest was retrospectively measured using an automated surface-based approach from the 3-dimensional T1-weighted images. Receiver-operating characteristic curve analyses determined the best parameter to identify iNPH patients.

RESULTS
The best parameter to discriminate shunt-responsive iNPH from patients with vascular cognitive disorder and healthy controls was the ratio between calcarine sulcus and cingulate sulcus opening with an area under the curve of 0.94 (95% CI: 0.89, 0.99). A cut-off value of 0.95 provided the highest sensitivity (96.8%) and specificity (83.3%).

CONCLUSION
This preliminary study showed that automated sulcal morphometry may help the neurosurgeon to identify iNPH patients and to exclude other causes of ventriculomegaly.
Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment in a Retail Pharmacy Setting: The Pharmacist's Role in Identifying and Addressing Risk of Substance Use Disorder
Authors: Shonesy Brian C. , Williams Donald , Simmons Damian , Dorval Erin , Gitlow Stuart , Gustin Richard M. 
Published: March 2019

Objective:
This study determined the feasibility of interviewing and screening patients presenting to a retail pharmacy using Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) interview protocols, and to compare SBIRT results to a risk score calculated from Prescription Drug Monitoring Program (PDMP) data.

Methods:
Using the NIDA Quick Screen and NIDA Modified-ASSIST (NM-ASSIST) and the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT), retail pharmacy customers were screened for substance and alcohol use disorder and tobacco use. PDMP reports were collected on subjects and a PDMP-risk score was calculated based on the numbers of Schedule II-V prescriptions and prescribers over the previous 12 months.

Results:
A total of 24 patients were included in this study (67% response rate). SBIRT screening revealed that 20.8% were at-risk for substance use disorder (SUD), 16.7% for alcohol use disorder, and 37.5% used tobacco. Overall, 33.3% of subjects were at-risk for SUD or alcohol use disorder. Fifty percent of subjects required education and/or brief intervention based on their responses, 37.5% of all subjects were deemed at-risk based on their PDMP-risk score, and 60% of patients who were risk-positive by SBIRT screening were also PDMP-risk positive.

Conclusions:
This study demonstrates the feasibility of performing SBIRT-based screenings in a retail pharmacy setting and combining these with PDMP-risk analysis to screen patients for prescription and illicit drug misuse. Findings from this study will inform the design of larger multisite studies, which should validate these findings and include follow-up analysis to assess the efficacy of intervention on this patient population.