bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The peroxisomal zebrafish SCP2-thiolase (type-1) is a weak transient dimer as revealed by crystal structures and native mass spectrometry
Authors: Kiema Tiila-Riikka , Thapa Chandan J. , Laitaoja Mikko , Schmitz Werner , Maksimainen Mirko M. , Fukao Toshiyuki , Rouvinen Juha , Jänis Janne , Wierenga Rik K. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The SCP2 (sterol carrier protein 2)-thiolase (type-1) functions in the vertebrate peroxisomal, bile acid synthesis pathway, converting 24-keto-THC-CoA and CoA into choloyl-CoA and propionyl-CoA. This conversion concerns the β-oxidation chain shortening of the steroid fatty acyl-moiety of 24-keto-THC-CoA. This class of dimeric thiolases has previously been poorly characterized. High-resolution crystal structures of the zebrafish SCP2-thiolase (type-1) now reveal an open catalytic site, shaped by residues of both subunits. The structure of its non-dimerized monomeric form has also been captured in the obtained crystals. Four loops at the dimer interface adopt very different conformations in the monomeric form. These loops also shape the active site and their structural changes explain why a competent active site is not present in the monomeric form. Native mass spectrometry studies confirm that the zebrafish SCP2-thiolase (type-1) as well as its human homolog are weak transient dimers in solution. The crystallographic binding studies reveal the mode of binding of CoA and octanoyl-CoA in the active site, highlighting the conserved geometry of the nucleophilic cysteine, the catalytic acid/base cysteine and the two oxyanion holes. The dimer interface of SCP2-thiolase (type-1) is equally extensive as in other thiolase dimers; however, it is more polar than any of the corresponding interfaces, which correlates with the notion that the enzyme forms a weak transient dimer. The structure comparison of the monomeric and dimeric forms suggests functional relevance of this property. These comparisons provide also insights into the structural rearrangements that occur when the folded inactive monomers assemble into the mature dimer.
Link between brightest cluster galaxy properties and large scale extensions of 38 DAFT/FADA and CLASH clusters in the redshift range 0.2 < z < 0.9
Authors: Durret F. , Tarricq Y. , Márquez I. , Ashkar H. , Adami C. 
Published: December 2018

Context. In the context of large-scale structure formation, clusters of galaxies are located at the nodes of the cosmic web, and continue to accrete galaxies and groups along filaments. In some cases, they show a very large extension and a preferential direction. Brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) are believed to grow through the accretion of many small galaxies, and their structural properties are therefore expected to vary with redshift. In some cases BCGs show an orientation comparable to that of the cluster to which they belong.
Aims. We analyse the morphological properties of 38 BCGs from the DAFT/FADA and CLASH surveys, and compare the position angles of their major axes to the direction of the cluster elongation at large scale (several Mpc).
Methods. The morphological properties of the BCGs were studied by applying the GALFIT software to HST images and fitting the light distribution with one or two Sérsic laws, or with a Nuker plus a Sérsic law. The cluster elongations at very large scale were estimated by computing density maps of red sequence galaxies.
Results. The morphological analysis of the 38 BCGs shows that in 11 cases a single Sérsic law is sufficient to account for the surface brightness, while for all the other clusters two Sérsic laws are necessary. In five cases, a Nuker plus a Sérsic law give a better fit. For the outer Sérsic component, the effective radius increases with decreasing redshift, and the effective surface brightness decreases with effective radius, following the Kormendy law. An agreement between the major axis of the BCG and the cluster elongation at large scale within ±30 deg is found for 12 clusters out of the 21 for which the PAs of the BCG and of the large-scale structure can be defined.
Conclusions. The variation with redshift of the effective radius of the outer Sérsic component agrees with the growing of BCGs by accretion of smaller galaxies from z = 0.9 to 0.2, and it would be interesting to investigate this variation at higher redshift. The directions of the elongations of BCGs and of their host clusters and large scale structures surrounding them agree for 12 objects out of 21, implying that a larger sample is necessary to reach more definite conclusions.
Discus articularis - Die Knorpelscheibe des Kiefergelenks
Authors: Corts Magga 
Published: December 2018

SummaryDer Discus articularis ist die Knorpelscheibe des Kiefergelenks. Die Gelenkpfanne und Gelenkkopf des Kiefergelenks passen nicht ideal zueinander, was durch den Discus articularis ausgeglichen wird. Er verbessert außerdem die Druckverteilung im Gelenk und verschiebt sich bei Gelenkbewegungen.
Durchbeißen
Authors: Saldow Reinhold 
Published: December 2018

SummaryBruxismus betrifft 6–20 % der Bevölkerung, wird aber meist erst nach Jahren scheinbar therapieresistenter Schmerzen und Schlafstörungen vom Zahnarzt entdeckt. Häufig besteht eine hohe innere Anspannung mit Aggressionshemmung oder Selbstwertstörung unter anderem durch ungelöste, unbewusste innere Konflikte. Verfahren der Heilhypnose können die Ursachen greifbar machen und somit eine Entlastung einleiten.
The Physical Attributes Most Required in Professional Ballet: A Delphi Study
Authors: McCormack Moira , Bird Howard , de Medici Akbar , Haddad Fares , Simmonds Jane 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Background It is commonly accepted that dancers are undoubtedly athletes, with ballet perhaps the most demanding dance form. No previous study has sought to define the physical attributes most desired for classical ballet by professional companies and vocational schools. These are likely to include both aesthetic features and attributes that reduce the risk of injury as well as enhance performance.
Method An initial survey question using the modified Delphi technique was sent using Opinio Survey Software to a selected international expert panel. This was drawn both from those involved in selection of elite professional ballet dancers, and the international medical professionals involved in the care of dancers. The first questionnaire was open-ended to scope for all the physical attributes most favoured by the professional experts.
Results There were 148 responses from the panel of international experts. In total 34 physical attributes were suggested. The 2 most recommended physical criteria for selection into the profession were overall flexibility and overall strength. These results are discussed in the context of the published literature on the mechanics, anatomy and physiology of ballet.
Conclusion Flexibility and strength are the 2 features most sought after in elite ballet dancers.
Female Sexual Dysfunction in Women with Pelvic Pain
Authors: Levine Elliot , Tam Teresa 
Published: December 2018

AbstractA variety of conditions can give rise to the perception of painful sexual intercourse in women with pelvic pain. Female sexual dysfunction may stem from psychological, medical such as endocrinological disturbances, and gynecological pathologies. This article provides a discussion of various conditions, offering diagnostic and therapeutic measures to consider in women with pelvic pain experiencing sexual dysfunction. Treatment and management options are also reviewed.
Elevated Levels of Apelin-36 in Heart Failure Due to Chronic Systemic Hypoxia
Authors: Ferdinal Frans , Limanan David , Rini Retno Dwi , Alexsandro Rio , Helmi Rizal 
Published: December 2018

AbstractApelin is a novel adipokine identified as an endogenous ligand of the specific orphan receptor APJ. Among the various isoforms of apelin, an increase in the apelin-36 plasma level has been associated with oxidative stress, and this isoform has various biological effects, such as positive inotropic, vasodilatory, and antiatherosclerotic effects. Therefore, apelin-36 may be used as a biomarker of heart failure (HF). Advances in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying HF cannot be achieved without the use of animal models. However, it is unclear whether chronic systemic hypoxia can cause HF in rats. The present study aimed to determine whether chronic systemic hypoxia can cause HF in rats and whether apelin-36 can be used as a biomarker of HF. The study included Sprague–Dawley rats. The rats were randomly divided into seven groups (n = 4). One of the groups was a control group, and the six other groups were exposed to hypoxia (8% O2) for different durations (6 hours, 1 day, 3 days, 5 days, 7 days, and 14 days). The exposure groups showed ventricular hypertrophy accompanied by myocardial structural damage, which indicated ventricular remodeling. In addition, the exposure groups showed elevated apelin-36 plasma levels and signs of oxidative stress. Moreover, gel electrophoresis of heart tissue showed five bands that corresponded to apelin isotypes, including apelin-36. In an experimental rat HF model with chronic systemic hypoxia, apelin-36 was elevated along with oxidative stress. Apelin-36 along with oxidative stress may serve as a biomarker of HF in this model.
Central versus Low-Lying Umbilical Venous Catheters: A Multicenter Study of Practices and Complications
Authors: El Ters Nathalie , Claassen Colleen , Lancaster Thomas , Barnette Alan , Eldridge Whitney , Yazigi Flora , Brar Komalpreet , Herco Maja , Rogowski Lauren , Strand Marya , Vachharajani Akshaya 
Published: December 2018

Objectives Conventional neonatology practice is to place umbilical venous catheters (UVCs) in central position and to limit the use of low-lying catheters. Our objectives were to describe the practices and complications associated with UVCs and to evaluate the type of infusates used with either UVC position.
Study Design A retrospective chart review was performed at four neonatal intensive care units to identify neonates who underwent UVC placement over a 2-year period. Infant demographics, UVC position, catheter days, fluid and medication characteristics, and specific complications were extracted.
Results A total of 2,011 neonates who underwent UVC placement were identified during the 2-year period. Of these, 641 UVCs (31.9%) were identified in the low-lying position. Centrally positioned UVCs were associated with lower gestational age and were left in situ for a longer duration than low-lying UVCs. Infusions of hyperosmolar solutions and vasopressors were significantly higher in central UVCs, though they were used in a significant number of low-lying UVCs. Complications, while not statistically different, were three times higher in low-lying UVCs.
Conclusion Despite conventional teaching, low-lying UVCs were used in nearly one-third of infants in this cohort. Parenteral nutrition, antibiotics, and vasopressors were infused through central and low-lying UVCs. There was no statistically significant difference in complication rates between UVC positions.
Wikipedia as a translation zone
Authors: Jones Henry 
Published: December 2018

AbstractRecent research has highlighted the emergence and proliferation of online communities of volunteer translators whose intensely collaborative activities are largely facilitated by the participatory and interactive nature of new networked communication technologies. Much of the discussion regarding these forms of web-based translation has tended to focus on what brings individuals together to give up their time, skills and effort when co-operating within such prosumer-led projects. By contrast, this paper presents a case study focused on the construction of the English Wikipedia article about Tokyo in order to argue that it is important for translation scholars to additionally take into account the difficult processes of fierce conflict and debate which often characterise interactions within such communities. It does so by means of the spatial mode of analysis encouraged by Foucault’s writings on ‘heterotopia’, demonstrating how this conceptual method can be applied to explain and explore the multifaceted negotiations that occur in this environment.
Fake drugs: health, wealth and regulation in Nigeria
Authors: Klantschnig Gernot , Huang Chieh 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT
In recent years, international organisations have warned of the lethal trade in fake drugs particularly in Africa. This article assesses how and why fake pharmaceuticals have become a problem in Nigeria and how successful the state has been at regulating it, based on archival, official and interview data. While the article shows that the early roots of this trade can be found in colonial times, its expansion and growing policy concern were driven by crises in the Nigerian pharmaceutical industry and the healthcare system in the 1980s. In contrast to dominant explanations, the authors argue that the rise of fake drugs in Nigeria was closely linked to these national crises and related global trends towards market liberalisation and the commodification of health. In this unfavourable context, policies to regulate fake drugs remained limited as they only addressed the symptoms of a more fundamental political and economic problem: the shift from public health towards private wealth and profit-making.
Ginkgetin exerts anti-inflammatory effects on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion-induced injury in a rat model via the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway
Authors: Li Qin , Ye Tao , Long Ting , Peng Xuemei 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT
Ginkgo biloba, a natural biflavonoid isolated from Ginkgo biloba leaves, is reported to have strong anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential anti-inflammatory mechanisms of ginkgo flavonoids on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Inflammatory-associated cytokines in cerebral ischemic hemispheres were determined by immunohistochemical staining, Western blot and enzyme-like immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Our results indicated that treatment with Ginkgetin significantly restored rat brain I/R-induced neurological deficit scores. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in Ginkgetin treatment group (100 mg/kg) also significantly reduced. The expression inflammation-related protein prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) was also decreased in Ginkgetin treatment group. However, the expression of interleukin-10 (IL-10) was remarkably increased. Thus, this study demonstrates that Ginkgetin protects neurons from I/R-induced rat injury by down-regulating pro-inflammatory cytokines and blocking the TLR4/NF-κB pathway.
Comparison of the standards for absorbed dose to water of the METAS, Switzerland and the BIPM in accelerator photon beams (BIPM.RI(I)-K6)
Authors: Kessler C , Burns D T , Roger P , Kottler C , Vörös S , Peier P 
Published: December 2018

A key comparison has been carried out of the absorbed dose to water standards of the Federal Institute of Metrology (METAS), Switzerland, and the BIPM in accelerator photon beams. The results show the standards to be in agreement within the standard uncertainty of the comparison of 6.6 parts in 103. The results are analysed and presented in terms of degrees of equivalence, suitable for entry in the BIPM key comparison database.
KEY WORDS FOR SEARCH
Ionizing radiation, dosimetry, key comparison, absorbed dose to water

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCRI, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Travel agent and tour guide perceptions on travel health promotion in Bali
Authors: Wirawan I M A , Wirawan D N , Kurniasari N M D , Merati K T P 
Published: December 2018

Summary
The increasing number of travelers to Bali has been accompanied by the increased risks of travel-related health problems. Travel agents and tour guides are in a key position to inform travelers about these matters; nonetheless, little evidence was found on their role in the promotion of travel health. This article aims to assess travel agent and tour guide perceptions on their possible involvement in promoting travel health measures in Bali. A cross-sectional study was conducted between July and October 2015, involving 500 respondents (250 travel agents and 250 tour guides), who were chosen systematically from the Bali-based members of the Association of the Indonesian Tours and Travel Agencies. Data were collected using questionnaires, and perception indicators were developed using concepts from social learning theory and health belief model. Both groups have good levels of knowledge of general travel health issues, with mean percentages (SD) of 67.1 (11.9) and 66.2 (10.0) for travel agents and tour guides, respectively. Tour guides were more likely than travel agents to deliver information on health risks [PR (95%CI) = 1.31 (1.10–1.56); p = 0.003]; and on safety hazards during travel [PR (95%CI) = 1.22 (1.01–1.46), p = 0.04]. Overall, the majority of respondents (&gt;68%) have positive and very positive perceptions of possible involvement in travel health and safety programs, although tour guides have statistically better perceptions (z = −2.2, p = 0.03). Based on perception levels, previous experiences and levels of knowledge, travel agents and tour guides have great potential to be involved in travel health promotion programs in Bali.
Is the availability of open public spaces associated with leisure-time physical activity in Brazilian adults?
Authors: Manta Sofia Wolker , Del Duca Giovani Firpo , da Silva Kelly Samara , Rech Cassiano Ricardo , Gomes Roselaine da Silva , Maximiano Guilherme Pereira , Malta Débora Carvalho 
Published: December 2018

Summary
This study aims to analyse the association between perceived presence of public spaces near residences and practice of physical activity during leisure time by adults in the state capitals of Brazil, based on sociodemographic characteristics. Participants were individuals aged ≥18 years living in the 27 state capitals of Brazil (n = 52 929, 53.9% female) who responded to a national survey called VIGITEL in 2013. Physical activity during leisure time (≥1 time/week), perception of space, population and sociodemographic variables (sex, age, years of study and geographic region) were self-reported. The adjusted binary logistic regression analysis was used. Among adults, the prevalence of physical activity during leisure was 45.1% (95% CI [44.2; 46.0]), and 71.1% (95% CI [70.2, 71.8]) perceived public space near their residence. A direct association between perceiving public space and physical activity ([OR] = 1.43; 95% CI [1.32; 1.55]) was observed. No significant difference was observed in the population groups (men and women, younger and older adults, and those with more and fewer years of study). Thus, even with the possible regional differences in Brazilian state capitals, the presence of public spaces increases the practice of physical activity during leisure time, independent of sociodemographic variables.
‘Singing has empowered, enchanted and enthralled me’-choirs for wellbeing?
Authors: Batt-Rawden Kari , Andersen Sarah 
Published: December 2018

Summary
Singing in groups is a global phenomenon and there is a growing body of evidence that singing can affect health and wellbeing. This is the first gender-based study to explore how women’s perceptions of their own health and wellbeing can be affected by singing in a choir; and also how choral singing may have an impact on social inclusion. Qualitative data was collected from nine choirs in two regions of Norway. The sample consisted of 19 (n = 19) women aged 21–75 (mean age, 51.3.) who had sung in choirs from 6 months to 20 years (mean, 6.2 years). The sample population included those who identified as ‘healthy’ and those experiencing health issues such as cancer, depression, anxiety or fatigue. Two focus groups and 16 semi-structured interviews were carried out and the data were analyzed using grounded theory. Findings were that choral singing can affect women’s perceptions of their wellbeing in four distinct ways: (i) through the joy of singing, (ii) experiencing singing as essential for survival, (iii) group singing as a route to social connection, which enhanced a sense of identity and of belonging, and thereby increased self-confidence and self-esteem and (iv) through promoting social inclusion. In the context of these findings, choral singing can be understood as a ‘salutogenic’ activity, that is, one that supports health and wellbeing. This has implications for self-care practice, social prescribing programs and public health policy.
Molecular signatures of X chromosome inactivation and associations with clinical outcomes in epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Winham Stacey J , Larson Nicholas B , Armasu Sebastian M , Fogarty Zachary C , Larson Melissa C , McCauley Brian M , Wang Chen , Lawrenson Kate , Gayther Simon , Cunningham Julie M , Fridley Brooke L , Goode Ellen L 
Published: December 2018

AbstractX chromosome inactivation (XCI) is a key epigenetic gene expression regulatory process, which may play a role in women’s cancer. In particular tissues, some genes are known to escape XCI, yet patterns of XCI in ovarian cancer (OC) and their clinical associations are largely unknown. To examine XCI in OC, we integrated germline genotype with tumor copy number, gene expression and DNA methylation information from 99 OC patients. Approximately 10% of genes showed different XCI status (either escaping or being subject to XCI) compared with the studies of other tissues. Many of these genes are known oncogenes or tumor suppressors (e.g. DDX3X, TRAPPC2 and TCEANC). We also observed strong association between cis promoter DNA methylation and allele-specific expression imbalance (P = 2.0 × 10−10). Cluster analyses of the integrated data identified two molecular subgroups of OC patients representing those with regulated (N = 47) and dysregulated (N = 52) XCI. This XCI cluster membership was associated with expression of X inactive specific transcript (P = 0.002), a known driver of XCI, as well as age, grade, stage, tumor histology and extent of rl disease following surgical debulking. Patients with dysregulated XCI (N = 52) had shorter time to recurrence (HR = 2.34, P = 0.001) and overall survival time (HR = 1.87, P = 0.02) than those with regulated XCI, although results were attenuated after covariate adjustment. Similar findings were observed when restricted to high-grade serous tumors. We found evidence of a unique OC XCI profile, suggesting that XCI may play an important role in OC biology. Additional studies to examine somatic changes with paired tumor-normal tissue are needed.