bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Teen Nick Children Television Programs: A Thematic Analysis
Authors: Khan Huma , Abbas Muhammad Awais , Ashiq Madiha 
Published: December 2024

Aim of the Study: This research study is exploring the Teen Nick TV program’s thematic analysis broadcast for adolescents during 2009 to 2023.
Methodology: The researcher has adopted content analysis and textual analysis method to investigate the themes of Teen Nicks programs. The uses and gratification theory has been used to investigate thematic frame.
Findings: The thematic analysis results have revealed that Teen Nicks Children TV program shows presented teenagers indulging in trivial matters of everyday life like friendship, music & dance rehearsals, learning a new skill, app designing, problem solving, heroic action and adventure etc.
Conclusion: Study concluded frightful situation that future generation minds are diluted instead of informative or thought provoking content. They are entertained by trivial and ridiculous program themes.
Evaluation of Initial Psychometric Properties of Economic Exploitation Scale on Pakistani Sample
Authors: Kareem Abida , Aish Hira , Hussain Samavia 
Published: December 2024

Background: The Economic Exploitation Scale (EES) is a self-rating instrument designed to evaluate economic maltreatment. The existence of an EES in Urdu will increase the use of this scale in Pakistan.
Aim: The current investigation aims to translate the EES into Urdu language and determine its initial psychometric properties on the Pakistani population.
Material and Method: This study was carried out in Faisalabad Pakistan. The EES, the sub-scale of the Scale of Economic abuse was translated into the Urdu language by following standardized translation procedures. A sample of 50 working women was subjected to Cross-language concordance while test re-test reliability was computed on another sample of 50 working ladies. To assess the internal consistency of the measure, 360 working women from the general population of Faisalabad were given the EES Urdu version. Their ages varied from 23 to 59 (Mage = 37.99, SD = 9.15).
Statistical Analysis: Mean and standard deviation was computed for continuous parameters, while frequency and percentages were analyzed for categorical variables. Cross-language concordance, test-retest reliability, and internal consistency all were evaluated for the translated Urdu- version of EES.
Results: Findings indicated that the English and Urdu versions of EES had strong cross-language similarity at the level of each item varied from 0.63 to 0.95 (p < 0.001). Test-retest evaluation of the Urdu form of EES was also found to be positively correlated with each item varied from 0.69 to 0.95 (p < 0.001). Translated version showed excellent internal consistency (0.90).
Conclusion: Based on good bilingual similarity, test-retest reliability, and internal consistency, it can be concluded that the Urdu version of EES is a sound instrument to evaluate economic maltreatment in the Pakistani cultural context.
Coverage of Climate Change in National Newspapers of Pakistan and its Impact on Audience
Authors: Riaz Saqib , Farhan Muhammad 
Published: December 2024

Aim of the Study: This study examined how Pakistani newspapers, specifically Dawn and The Nation in 2022, portray climate change. It highlighted the influential role of media in shaping public perceptions and agenda.
Methodology: Using descriptive content analysis and a survey, (N=550) articles were analyzed, revealing that climate change stories are often not featured on front pages. instead, familiar topics take precedents, with limited attention given to solutions.
Findings: The research revealed a predominant focus on reporting the consequences of the climate crisis rather than emphasizing carbon emission reduction. This reactive approach in media coverage often frames climate change as beyond local control, fostering a sense of powerlessness and dependence on external solutions.
Conclusion: The research suggests that newspapers should prioritize climate change stories on their front pages and increase coverage of climate change mitigation efforts. It emphasizes the importance of not only discussing the issue but also highlighting the path toward solutions.
Envy, Narcissism, and General Self-Efficacy among University Students
Authors: Shahid Izza , Jamil Naila , Toor Muneeb Ahmed 
Published: December 2024

Aim of the Study: This study investigated the relationship between Envy, Narcissism, and General Self-Efficacy among University Students.
Methodology: A Cross-Sectional Survey Research Design was used to gather the data. University Students were the targeted population for the study. Participants were recruited through a random convenient sampling technique. A Random Convenient sampling technique was used to collect data.
Findings: The findings of this study showed that there is a statistically significant positive correlation between envy, narcissism, and general self-efficacy. Envy was found to be a strong predictor of both narcissism and self-efficacy. The analysis shows no statistically significant differences in envy, general self-efficacy, and narcissism between genders.
Conclusion: It was concluded that there is a significant positive correlation between envy, narcissism, and general self-efficacy. Envy was found to be a strong predictor of both narcissism and self-efficacy. While previous research showed mixed results regarding gender differences in envy, this study found no significant gender effect, indicating that envy’s impact on narcissism and self-efficacy is similar among male and female university students.
Mechanism of Crime Reporting in Pakistan: A Critical Study
Authors: Raza Ali , Khan Adnan 
Published: December 2024

Aim of the study: The research aimed to examine the process of crime reporting in the Pakistan, to determine challenges faced by the citizens and existing flaws in the mechanism and its effects on the criminal justice system of the country. The study also aimed to suggest recommendation to address these flaws so as administration of criminal justice can be improved and delivery of justice to the aggrieved people can be made smooth and convenient.
Methodology: This study employed qualitative research approach and utilized data collection methods such as review of relevant documents, case laws, response through questionnaire etc. This study has been done to determine the causes and impacts of defects in the mechanism of crime reporting in administration of justice in the country. The researcher got response of the law experts to reach a conclusion and proposed solutions.
Findings: From this study it appears that in the country there is not a uniform system of crime reporting consequently it has adverse effects on the criminal justice system of the Pakistan. In Punjab and Pakhtunkhwa Province crimes can be registered online, however in Sindh and Balouchistan still information relating to offence is received and lodged manually. For which informant has to visit Police Station physically. Police often do not register crime or it is not reduced in writing as narrated by the informant, hence this document loses its value. Beside this, corruption, local and political influence also affects the mechanism of crime reporting. As this basic stage of duty is not performed by the Police and people do not trust on this important pillar of the criminal justice system of the country.
Conclusion: Flaws in the mechanism of crime reporting have been determined in this study causing adverse effects on the criminal justice system of the country. Through this study recommendations have been suggested for improvement of the mechanism. Researchers believe that by incorporation of these recommendations better results can be achieved which can be done by administrative decisions. Trust of the people will be restored.
Unseen Heroes: Caregiving Experiences of Elderly Grandmothers in Pakistan
Authors: Rahat Rahla , Sadaf Fouzia , Yunus Asma 
Published: December 2024

Aim of the Study: In Pakistan, a significant number of grandmothers take care of their grandchildren while their parents work or study. In recent years, this role has increased multifold because of the increased presence of women in workforce and women getting into higher education post children. The aim of the study is to examine the experiences of the elderly grandmother who are providing care to their grandchildren and what factors influence those experiences.
Methodology: This qualitative study looked into the lives of 15 elderly caregiving grandmothers aged above 60 years in Lahore providing care to their grandchildren for at least six months. The data was collected through semi-structured interview and analyzed through thematic analysis.
Findings: According to the data, elderly grandmothers had both positive and negative caregiving experiences. The negative experiences of caring for their grandchildren were social isolation as a result of limited social life and interaction with family and friends, as well as increasing physical and emotional health issues. One the other hand, many grandmothers believed that caregiving improved their health and well-being. These experiences were influenced by the duration of caregiving, the number and ages of children, the caregiving support system, and their health status.
Conclusion: The study sheds light on the crucial role of caregiving grandmothers in Pakistani homes, emphasizing their contributions to their families and the economy in the absence of affordable formal childcare. It also emphasizes the significance of raising awareness and providing support to families, in addition to elderly grandparents who may already be struggling because of their advanced age and precarious health. This research supports SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being).
Role of Sports in the Development Self-Confidence as Main Parameter of Psychological Health
Authors: Durrani Muhammad Roman Al-Ala , Ullah Akhair , Zaman Haider 
Published: December 2024

Study Objective: The primary goal of this study was to evaluate how sports contribute to the growth of self-confidence, which is a key indicator of psychological well-being.
Methodology: In the present research study, the researcher adopted a survey research design to explore the role of sports in the development of self-confidence, self-esteem and motivation. All male and female students of physical education, who were enrolled in all the universities (The study encompassed both public and private sector universities as its population). 418 student-athletes as a sample of the study by using available sampling techniques. For collecting the required data, a scale (Likert type with five options) comprised of 21 items was developed by the researcher. Statistical techniques that were appropriate for data analysis were used after the data collected were processed using statistical software for social sciences (SPSS, Version 24).
Results: the mean of female students was 3.11 and the mean of male students was 4.02. The standard deviation of female students was .654 and the standard deviation of male students was .234. The t-calculated value was 7.328 which is greater than the t-tabulated value of 1.962 (7.328 > 1.962) which indicates the significant difference between the perception of males and females regarding the role of sports in the development of self-confidence.
Conclusion: Based on analysis, the researchers concluded that sports play a vital role in the development of self-confidence as the main parameter of psychological health among students.
(Un)resolved Oedipus Complex: A Socio-Psycho Analysis of Milan Kundera’s The Unbearable Lightness of Being
Authors: Saran Tawoz , Rooh Ul Amin  , Khattak Manzoor Ahmad 
Published: December 2024

Aim of the Study: This study aims to delve into the patriarchal implications of the (un)resolved Oedipus complex in the characters of Milan Kundera’s novel The Unbearable Lightness of Being.
Methodology: Using the theoretical lens of patriarchy and psychoanalysis, this study analyzes the selected text in an eclectic approach.
Findings: Textual analysis shows that having a (un)resolved Oedipus complex, the female characters of the novel are suppressed and the male characters exploit women sexually as well as psychologically. Having the potential to control the psyche of the characters, (un)resolved Oedipus shapes the patriarchal behavior of males.
Conclusion: The interlacing of social and psychological forms of oppression makes men think of themselves as having masculine perfection and superiority and consider females as imperfect and inferior subjects.
Impact of Moderate Intensity Exercise on Fitness Level of Adults
Authors: Butt Jazil Zafar , Khan Azhar , Khan Alamgir 
Published: December 2024

Aim of the Study: This research aimed to assess the impact of moderate-intensity exercise on the fitness level of athletes.
Methodology: The study population consisted of 24 adults aged 20 to 25 who regularly engaged in general fitness activities at Lawrence Park in Lahore, Pakistan. The researcher implemented a self-designed exercise protocol for twelve weeks. The training program included exercises such as push-ups, sit-ups, planks, mountain climbers, squats, lunges, toe taps, and butt kicks. Various fitness tests were conducted to assess fitness levels, including the 20m T drill test, a minute sit-up test, standing broad jump, core plank test, 100m sprint test, and 600m running test. Pre and post-test data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS, version-26), and appropriate statistical tools were applied based on the study’s nature and requirements.
Findings: Results of the study revealed that 600m running and 100m sprint were significantly (p<0.05) correlated with other test variables. Furthermore, moderate-intensity exercises had significant (p<0.001) and positive effects on physical fitness and exercise. These findings suggest that such programs can help individuals improve their physical fitness and exercise routines.
Conclusion: Based on the data findings, the researcher concluded that moderate-intensity exercise significantly affects adults' physical fitness level.
The Emergence and Main Trends in the Activities of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society in the Sphere of Organizing Pilgrimages (1882-1905)
Authors: Bliznyakov Roman Aleksandrovich , Pashkovsky Petr Igorevich , Kryzhko Evgeniy Vladimirovich , Astapov Aleksei Anatol'evich 
Published: December 2024

The article considers the problem of the emergence and main trends of the pilgrimage activity of the Imperial Orthodox Palestinian Society in 1882-1905. It is established that during this period there was an actualization of the Eastern issue and increased competition between the leading states in the Middle East, who covered their geopolitical goals with religious arguments. This posed an imperative for the Russian Empire, a world power that traditionally defended Orthodoxy in the Holy Land and had its own interests in the region, to respond. After the Crimean War, the idea of forming a sphere of Russian presence in Palestine was put forward at the state level. There has been an increase in Russia's diplomatic and spiritual influence in the Holy Land, which has manifested itself in the functioning of a number of relevant representative offices here, the creation of infrastructure and the activation of the Orthodox pilgrimage movement. Subsequently, in order to systematize and increase the effectiveness of efforts, the Imperial Orthodox Palestinian Society was founded, an organization with a special status, state and church support, which became the main coordinator of the humanitarian presence of the Russian Empire in the Middle East region. The methodological basis of the research is the synthesis of systemic and geopolitical campaigns, the expediency of which interaction is justified by modern trends in the development of the methodology of social sciences and humanities. This led to the use of research methods. The historical and genetic method made it possible to study the peculiarities of origin, establishing appropriate cause-and-effect relationships. The application of the institutional method helped to determine the importance of various institutions in the process of functioning of Society. Based on the analysis of a wide source base and numerous studies, it was revealed that during the period under review, along with charity, education, scientific and publishing activities aimed at maintaining and developing Orthodoxy in Palestine, one of the main tasks of the Society was the organization of a Russian pilgrimage to the Holy Land. It was characterized by the following manifestations: dissemination of information about pilgrimage trips; reduction of tariffs for participants of pilgrimage trips; establishment of transport links between Russia and Palestine; publication of relevant auxiliary, educational and scientific literature; acquisition of new land plots in the region; repair of existing and construction of new infrastructure and religious buildings in Palestine; systematization and improvement of pilgrimage routes; conducting special educational events by the Society.
Correlation of Body Mass Index with Blood Pressure in Pregnant Patients with Severe Preeclampsia
Authors: Vázquez Rodríguez Juan Gustavo , Magdaleno Yolanda García 
Published: December 2024

Aims: Determine the correlation of pregestational body mass index and body mass index upon admission to the Intensive Care Unit with blood pressure in pregnant patients with severe preeclampsia.
Study Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Intensive Care Unit of the High Specialty Medical Unit Gynecology and Obstetrics Hospital No. 3 of the National Medical Center “La Raza” belonging to the Mexican Institute of Social Security, Mexico City between January 01 and December 30, 2023.
Methodology: A retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out in a cohort of 100 pregnant patients with severe preeclampsia from the Intensive Care Unit. The correlation of pregestational body mass index and Intensive Care Unit admission body mass index with systolic and diastolic blood pressure recorded upon admission was calculated. Descriptive statistics, Student's t test and Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) were used.
Results: Maternal age was 29.84±6.60 years and the mean pregnancy was 33.93±4.03 weeks. Pregestational body mass index was 28.17±5.96 (normal 29%, overweight 43%, obesity 28%). Intensive Care Unit admission body mass index was 32.90±5.95 (normal 5%, overweight 26%, obesity 69%). Systolic blood pressure was 161.92±16 and diastolic blood pressure was 101.11±9.75 mmHg. Correlations: pregestational body mass index vs systolic blood pressure was r=0.049 and diastolic blood pressure was r=0.134. Correlation of Intensive Care Unit admission body mass index vs systolic blood pressure was r=0.038 and vs diastolic blood pressure r=0.071.
Conclusion: No significant correlation of pregestational body mass index and body mass index upon admission to the Intensive Care Unit with systolic and diastolic blood pressure was found in the patients participating in the study.
D
esulfocapsa
Authors: Galushko Alexander , Kuever Jan 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

De.sul.fo.cap'sa. L. pref.
de
, from; L. neut. n.
sulfur
, sulfur; L. fem. n.
capsa
, box; N.L. fem. n.
Desulfocapsa
, a sulfate‐reducing box.

Desulfobacterota / Desulfobulbia / Desulfobulbales / Desulfocapsaceae / Desulfocapsa

Cells are round‐ended or elongated rods with pointed ends, 0.8–0.9 µm × 2.0–3.5 µm. Cells are motile by means of single subpolarly inserted flagella. Gram‐stain‐negative. No spores are formed. Metabolism is strictly anaerobic chemoorganoheterotrophic and chemolithoautotrophic. Use of organic compounds limited to short organic alcohols, which are used as donor of electrons and are oxidized to their corresponding fatty acids. Sulfate is the electron acceptor and is reduced to sulfide. Inorganic sulfur compounds are disproportionated to sulfate and sulfide and support chemolithoautotrophic growth with CO
2
as carbon source. Fermentative growth with organic compounds is not possible. The optimal pH range for growth is 7.3–7.5. The optimal temperature range for growth is 20–30°C. NaCl is not required, and growth of the type strain is inhibited by NaCl concentrations higher than 15 g/l. The genus comprises only one species isolated from freshwater lake sediment. It contains cytochromes and not desulfoviridin. Occurs in sediments of freshwater lake close to the anoxic/oxic interface.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 50.7 (LC), 53.6 (genome).

Type species
:
Desulfocapsa thiozymogenes
Janssen, Schuhmann, Bak and Liesack 1997, 601
VP
(Effective publication: Janssen, Schuhmann, Bak and Liesack 1996, 190).
Methylophaga
Authors: Boden Rich 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMe.thy.lo.pha'ga. N.L. neut. n.methylumthe methyl radical; N.L. pref.methylo‐pertaining to the methyl radical; Gr. v.phageîn, to eat, to devour; N.L. fem. n.Methylophaga, methyl eater.Proteobacteria / Gammaproteobacteria / Thiotrichales / Piscirickettsiaceae / MethylophagaCells are short motile rods, motile by means of a single polar flagellum. Cytochromecoxidase‐ and catalase‐positive. Gram‐stain‐negative. Endospores, exospores, and cysts are not produced. Strictly halophilic. Metabolically, restricted facultative methylotrophs, with endo‐ and exochemolithoheterotrophic oxidation of reduced sulfur moieties in some species. In species using multicarbon compounds, the range is limited to fructose, substituted thiophenes, and long‐chain alkanesulfonates. Methylotrophic growth supported by methanol, and usually monomethylamine and/or dimethylsulfide. Carbon assimilated from formaldehyde via the 2‐dehydro‐3‐deoxy‐phosphogluconate (KDPG) aldolase variant of the Quayle pathway (ribulose monophosphate pathway/d‐ribulose 5‐phosphate pathway). Some strains are auxotrophic for vitamin B12. Obligately respiratory, with molecular oxygen and nitrate the only known terminal electron acceptors. Usually isolated from environments with low water activity. Some species require bicarbonate ions for growth. Most species grow in the range of 0–42°C. The major respiratory quinone is ubiquinone‐8 (UQ‐8). Dominant fatty acids in methanol‐grown cells are palmitic acid (C16:0), palmitoleic acid (C16:1), vaccenic acid (C18:1), ω‐cyclohexylmargaric acid (C17:0cyclo), lauric acid (C12:0), myristic acid (C14:0), and sometimes 3‐hydroxycapric acid (C10:03‐OH).DNA G+C content (mol%): 42.8–50.0.Type species:Methylophaga marinaJanvier, Frehel, Grimont and Gasser 1985, 138VP.