bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Classification of the seeds of traditional and double‐low cultivars of white mustard based on texture features
Authors: Ropelewska Ewa , Jankowski Krzysztof J. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study was to develop classification models based on the texture features from the images acquired with a flatbed scanner to distinguish between the seeds of traditional (Radena) and double‐low (Warta) cultivars of white mustard. Texture features were calculated in MaZda software. The classification models for RGB, Lab, and XYZ color space and individual color channels for distinguishing between the seeds of traditional and double‐low cultivars of white mustard were built in the WEKA application with the use of selected Decision Trees (J48), Rules (J Rip), Bayes (Naive Bayes), Lazy (IBk), Meta (Multi Class Classifier), and Functions (FLDA) classifiers. The classification accuracy of the evaluated color models ranged from 77% (XYZ, IBk classifier) to 83% (RGB, JRip classifier). In an evaluation of individual color channels, classification accuracy was highest for channels R, L, and X, and it ranged from 85% for color channels L and X when the IBk classifier was used to 93% for the texture features from color channel R when the JRip classifier was used.Practical applicationsThe developed models support fast, cheap, nondestructive, and reliable discrimination of the seeds of white mustard. The proposed classification models based on texture features effectively distinguished between the seeds of traditional (Radena) and double‐low (Warta) cultivars of white mustard. Therefore, they can be reliably used to examine the authenticity of seeds and to detect seed adulteration.
Incorporating the impacts of climate change into infrastructure life cycle assessments: A case study of pavement service life performance
Authors: Guest Geoffrey , Zhang Jieying , Maadani Omran , Shirkhani Hamidreza 
Published: April 2019

AbstractClimate change is expected to impact both the operational and structural performance of infrastructures such as roads, bridges, and buildings. However, most past life cycle assessment (LCA) studies do not consider how the operational/structural performance of infrastructure will be affected by a changing climate. The goal of this research was to develop a framework for integrating climate change impacts into LCA of infrastructure systems. To illustrate this framework, a flexible pavement case study was considered where life‐cycle environmental impacts were compared across a climate change scenario and several time horizons. The Mechanistic‐Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) was utilized to capture the structural performance of each pavement performance scenario and performance distresses were used as inputs into a pavement LCA model that considered construction and maintenance/rehabilitation materials and activities, change in relative surface albedo, and impacts due to traffic. The results from the case study suggest that climate change will likely call for adaptive design requirements in the latter half of this century but in the near‐to‐mid term, the international roughness index (IRI) and total rutting degradation profile was very close to the historical climate run. While the inclusion of mechanistic performance models with climate change data as input introduces new uncertainties to infrastructure‐based LCA, sensitivity analyses runs were performed to better understand a comprehensive range of result outcomes. Through further infrastructure cases the framework could be streamlined to better suit specific infrastructures where only the infrastructure components with the greatest sensitivity to climate change are explicitly modeled using mechanistic‐empirical modeling routines.
Strengthening nursing surveillance in general wards: A practice development approach
Authors: Peet Jacqueline , Theobald Karen , Douglas Clint 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo explore the context and culture of nursing surveillance on an acute care ward.BackgroundPrevention of patient deterioration is primarily a nursing responsibility in hospital. Registered nurses make judgements and act on emerging threats to patient safety through a process of nursing surveillance. Organisational factors that weaken nursing surveillance capacity on general wards increase the need for patient rescue at the end point of clinical deterioration with poorer outcomes. Yet little is known about cultures that enable and sustain ward nursing surveillance for patient safety.DesignWorkplace observations and semistructured interviews using a critical lens as the first stage of a larger emancipatory practice development project.MethodsResearcher immersion including 96 hr of nonparticipant observation with 12 semistructured interviews during July–August 2017. This study adhered to the COREQ guidelines.ResultsWe offer a metaphor of nursing surveillance as the threads that support the very fabric of acute care nursing work. These hidden threads enable nurses to weave the tapestry of care that keeps patients safe. This tapestry is vulnerable to internal and external forces, which weaken the structure, putting patients and staff at risk.ConclusionUnderstanding local context is essential to supporting practice change. This workplace observation challenges us to find ways to creatively engage nurses with the underlying cultural and systems issues that so often remain hidden from view in the deteriorating patient literature.Relevance to clinical practiceBuilding cultural values that strengthen nursing surveillance is a prerequisite for safe and effective hospital care. As such, practice‐based research that empowers frontline nurses and teams to develop person‐centred workplace cultures can hold the key to unlocking sustainable improvements in patient safety.
Young adult cancer patients’ experiences of private social network support during cancer treatment
Authors: Hauken May Aa. , Larsen Torill M. B. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo explore young adult cancer patients' experiences of support from their private social network during cancer treatment.BackgroundCancer treatment in young adulthood (aged 18–35 years) can be distressing. Social support is crucial for health and well‐being, especially for young people and in times of crisis. Research indicates that young cancer patients experience a lack of social network support, but little is known about the types of private social network support available during cancer treatment.DesignQualitative study with interpretive descriptive design.MethodsTwenty young adult cancer patients with different cancer diagnoses were interviewed retrospectively using a semi‐structured interview guideline. Data were analysed using systematic text condensation. The COREQ checklist for qualitative research was followed.Results“From independence to dependence” was identified as a bridging theme, which was elaborated by four sub‐themes: (1) “My partner was my rock—or not”; (2) “My family stood by me—or not”; (3) “My friends supported me—or not”; and (4) “I lacked young adult cancer peers—or not.”ConclusionThe patients' major sources of private social network support were their partners and close family members. Only a few friends supported them during cancer treatment, and most lacked peer support. The type of social network support they received varied, and not all support was perceived as helpful. Helpful network support was experienced as being unconditional and given with empathy and without prompting. Patients without sufficient support from a partner or family members seem to be especially vulnerable.Relevance to clinical practiceNurses play a crucial role in educating young adult cancer patients about the importance of social support and helping them to map their social network and being explicit when requesting support. Nurses should inform patients' networks about both helpful and unhelpful support and should facilitate interaction between patients.
Discussing sexuality in health care: A systematic review
Authors: Fennell Reginald , Grant Blair 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesUsing the PRISMA guidelines, a systematic literature review was conducted to explore current and relevant evidence regarding factors that influence nurses’ provision of sexual healthcare education to patients.BackgroundThe World Health Organization and Healthy People 2020 emphasise the importance of sexual health care. Although the nursing profession has the ability to develop a competent level of sexuality education, sexual health care is often ignored in nursing care and education. Many nurses are failing to engage in meaningful conversations about sexual health with patients, and this could lead to negative health events. However, patients would like reliable and nonjudgmental access to education about sexual health.DesignElectronic databases were searched for articles published between 2012–2017. Studies of nurses providing sexual health education in healthcare settings were included. The Melnyk and Fineout‐Overholt (2015, Evidence‐based practice in nursing & healthcare, Philadelphia, PA: Walters Kluwer) quality assessment framework was used. The researchers independently reviewed 532 studies and agreed upon ten to include in this review.ResultsFindings from this systematic review suggest that nurses’ provision of sexual health education to patients is influenced by four factors: (a) a lack of knowledge about sexual health, (b) nurses’ attitudes and beliefs that sexual health care is private and not a priority, (c) nurses’ comfort discussing sexual health, and (d) perceived barriers related to time, responsibility and organisational support.ConclusionThe ten articles reviewed were all Level VI descriptive and qualitative studies, as defined by Melnyk and Fineout‐Overholt (2015). It is evident that sexual healthcare information is not being widely addressed. To reduce stigma, the positive aspects of sexual health care must be promoted on multiple levels.Relevance to clinical practiceLeaders in professional and community‐based organizations should be on the forefront of making recommendations for nurses and practitioners, so they could improve their ability to provide sexual healthcare information to their patients.
Long‐term effect of methotrexate for childhood atopic dermatitis
Authors: Purvis Diana , Lee Martin , Agnew Karen , Birchall Nick , Dalziel Stuart R 
Published: April 2019

AimTo evaluate methotrexate (MTX) for paediatric atopic dermatitis (AD) while on and post‐treatment.MethodsMedical records of children prescribed MTX for AD between 2011 and 2016 at Starship Children's Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand, were reviewed for demographics, dose and duration of MTX and hospitalisations for AD. In the follow‐up by telephone in 2017, parents of the patients reported response on MTX, AD relapses and use of additional systemic treatment and completed a patient‐oriented eczema measure (POEM).ResultsForty‐three patients aged 2–16 years were included. Four (9%) had previous systemic treatment, and 14 (33%) were hospitalised (28 admissions). MTX was given at median dose of 0.33 mg/kg (interquartile range (IQR) 0.26–0.40) for a median of 17 months (IQR 7.5–20). After initiating MTX, only six (14%) were hospitalised (nine admissions). Thirty (70%) parents of patients were followed up for a median of 29 months (IQR 14–45) after discontinuing MTX. Five (17%) reported ‘no change’, 2 (7%) ‘slightly better’ and 23 (77%) ‘a lot better’ AD on MTX. Of the 25 who responded to MTX, AD relapsed in 10 (40%) at a median of 24 months post‐MTX; only four (16%) restarted MTX. Median POEM at follow‐up was 6 (IQR 1–17). Eleven (37%) were clear (POEM 0–2), 11 (37%) had mild to moderate AD (POEM 3–16), and 8 (27%) had severe AD (POEM ≥17).ConclusionsAlthough a natural resolution cannot be excluded, MTX for severe AD was effective and well tolerated. Improvement was reported by 83%, and AD hospitalisation reduced by half. At a median of 2 years after discontinuing MTX, one third were clear, and one third had mild to moderate AD, suggesting persistence of benefit post‐MTX.
From Shape Shifting to Collusion in Violence: An Ethnography of Informal Relationships Between Bangladeshi Members of Parliament and Their Constituents
Authors: Ahmed Zahir 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBased on an ethnography of relationships between members of Parliament (MPs) and their constituents in Bangladesh, this article shows how social and political relationships are entangled and performed, and how MPs are viewed by others and how they see themselves. Despite the diversity of politicians and constituents, some aspects of these relationships cut across MPs’ age, gender, and political background. I argue that these messy and contradictory relationships require MPs to be shape‐shifters. When MPs transgress to collude with one group of constituents to marginalize others—or even to commit violence—the representative role breaks down. Such disruptions mean understandings of representation have to be reconceptualized. Knowing how MPs make choices between competing and conflicting interests among their constituencies could enrich debates about their role specifically and about democracy more generally.
Gaza 2014 and Mizraḥi Feminism
Authors: Lavie Smadar 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWhat is the relationship between Mizraḥi feminism and Israeli ultranationalism? What is the relevance of gender justice activism to Operation Protective Edge (the 2014 Gaza War) and Israel's foreign policy? Mizraḥi protests dissipate and disappear when the Israel‐Palestine conflict dominates the headlines. This essay connects intra‐Jewish racial and gendered dynamics to the 2014 Gaza War. It tracks sequences that began with social protest and ended with elections that bolstered Israel's political right wing. In between came bloodletting between the Israeli Defense Forces, the Palestinian Authority, and Israel's neighboring Arab states. The 2014 Gaza War was a watershed not only for the Israel‐Palestine conflict; under the smokescreen of war, Israel accelerated neoliberal economic reforms. The first victims of this restructuring were Mizraḥi single mothers. Palestinians, however, would pay the highest price for Israel's Mizraḥi‐Ashkenazi rift.
Optimization of agar extraction from local seaweed species, Gracilaria salicornia in Tanzania
Authors: Vuai Said Ali Hamad , Mpatani Farid 
Published: April 2019

SUMMARYThis study aimed to develop agar extraction protocols for Gracilaria salicornia from Tanzania and investigate its physico‐chemical characteristics. A 33 factorial experimental design was used in the extraction of agar whereby three independent variables of NaOH concentration (10, 20 and 30% w/v), alkali pre‐treatment duration (0.5, 1 and 2 h) and extraction temperatures (115, 120 and 125°C) were used to determine the optimum conditions for production of high‐quality agar. Agar yield, gel strength, sulfate content, gelling and melting temperatures were evaluated as dependent variables. The optimal condition was observed at 30% NaOH concentration, 2 h alkali pre‐treatment duration and 120°C extraction temperature. The yield, gel strength, sulfate content, gelling and melting temperatures of the agar obtained under these conditions were 26.9 ± 0.7%, 510.3 ± 16.2 g cm−2, 0.29 ± 0.04%, 39.3°C and 88.4°C, respectively. These properties are very close to that of imported commercial agar. It was concluded that the local agar is capable of replacing imported agar for most general purposes. This offers a new possibility of using quality local agar in place of commercial agar.
Emotional regulation as a mediator between the filial behaviour of the oldest son and subjective well‐being of older parents in Pakistan
Authors: Hassan Sumara Masood Ul , Hamid Tengku Aizan , Haron Sharifah Azizah , Ibrahim Rahimah 
Published: April 2019

BackgroundThe link between the filial behaviour of an adult child and older parents’ well‐being is well entrenched, and theoretical evidence has indicated that it may be mediated by emotional regulation. Therefore, the current study aimed to examine whether emotional regulation (i.e. cognitive reappraisal and suppression) mediates the association between filial behaviour of the oldest son (i.e. the filial behaviour of respect and filial behaviour of daily maintenance) and subjective well‐being in older parents.MethodsThis correlational study recruited 400 community‐dwelling older parents in Rawalpindi Pakistan through a multistage cluster random sampling technique. Subjective well‐being was measured by Concise Measure of Subjective Well‐being; filial behaviour was examined through receipt of 12 domains; emotional regulation was assessed by using the Emotional Regulation Questionnaire. The structural equation modelling was employed to test the mediation effects.ResultsCognitive reappraisal was found to partially mediate the relationship between filial behaviour of respect and subjective well‐being (β in direct model = 0.661, P < 0.000; β in full mediational model = 0.327, P < 0.000), but it failed to mediate between filial behaviour of daily maintenance and subjective well‐being (β in direct model = 0.080, P = 0.149; β in full mediational model = 0.030, P = 0.362). Moreover, suppression did not exert mediation effects in the associations between the filial behaviour of respect and subjective well‐being (β = 0.003, P = 0.338); and filial behaviour of daily maintenance and subjective well‐being (β = −0.004, P = 0.221).ConclusionsTaken together, the results suggest that different dimensions of the filial behaviour of the oldest son exert differential effects on emotional regulation and subjective well‐being in older parents. Based on the current findings, there is a need to develop adaptive emotional regulatory capacity intervention programs for the development and enhancement of subjective well‐being in older parents within their familial context.
Chronic inflammation during osteoarthritis is associated with an increased expression of CD161 during advanced stage
Authors: Sachdeva Meenakshi , Aggarwal Aditya , Sharma Ravi , Randhawa Arpan , Sahni Daisy , Jacob Justin , Sharma Vinit , Aggarwal Anjali 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIncreasing evidence suggests a role of inflammation during the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). The local and systemic inflammation was studied in 33 patients of different KL grades, grade2 (n = 11), grade3 (n = 6) and grade4 (n = 16). The levels of cytokines, adipokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) were measured in serum and synovial fluid (SF) by flow cytometry and ELISA, respectively. The frequency of T cells and CD161 expression was measured by flow cytometry. The levels of IL‐1β, IL‐6 and IL‐10 were significantly higher in sera and SF of patients with OA as compared to healthy control's serum. Higher levels of MMP9 and leptin and lower levels of adiponectin were observed in SF as compared to serum. The MMP9 in SF and MMP13 levels in serum and SF decreased in KL grade 4 cases. In these patients, higher levels of leptin and lower levels of adiponectin were observed in SF versus patients of lower grades. There was increased infiltration of CD8+ T cells in SF of OA cases with decreased frequency in grade 4 cases. The expression of CD161 on T cells was significantly higher in SF than peripheral blood with significant upregulation in grade 4 patients. The CD161 expression had significant positive correlation with IL‐17 in the serum of patients. The ROC curves of CD161 expression significantly distinguished grade 2 and grade 4 patients. Collectively, an elevated CD161 expression on T cells in circulation and synovial compartment clearly distinguished lower and higher grade patients warranting studies to assess its role as a contributing factor towards OA progression.
The genome of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp.)
Authors: Lonardi Stefano , Muñoz‐Amatriaín María , Liang Qihua , Shu Shengqiang , Wanamaker Steve I. , Lo Sassoum , Tanskanen Jaakko , Schulman Alan H. , Zhu Tingting , Luo Ming‐Cheng , Alhakami Hind , Ounit Rachid , Hasan Abid Md. , Verdier Jerome , Roberts Philip A. , Santos Jansen R.P. , Ndeve Arsenio , Doležel Jaroslav , Vrána Jan , Hokin Samuel A. , Farmer Andrew D. , Cannon Steven B. , Close Timothy J. 
Published: April 2019

SummaryCowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp.) is a major crop for worldwide food and nutritional security, especially in sub‐Saharan Africa, that is resilient to hot and drought‐prone environments. An assembly of the single‐haplotype inbred genome of cowpea IT97K‐499‐35 was developed by exploiting the synergies between single‐molecule real‐time sequencing, optical and genetic mapping, and an assembly reconciliation algorithm. A total of 519 Mb is included in the assembled sequences. Nearly half of the assembled sequence is composed of repetitive elements, which are enriched within recombination‐poor pericentromeric regions. A comparative analysis of these elements suggests that genome size differences between Vigna species are mainly attributable to changes in the amount of Gypsy retrotransposons. Conversely, genes are more abundant in more distal, high‐recombination regions of the chromosomes; there appears to be more duplication of genes within the NBS‐LRR and the SAUR‐like auxin superfamilies compared with other warm‐season legumes that have been sequenced. A surprising outcome is the identification of an inversion of 4.2 Mb among landraces and cultivars, which includes a gene that has been associated in other plants with interactions with the parasitic weed Striga gesnerioides. The genome sequence facilitated the identification of a putative syntelog for multiple organ gigantism in legumes. A revised numbering system has been adopted for cowpea chromosomes based on synteny with common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). An estimate of nuclear genome size of 640.6 Mbp based on cytometry is presented.
Isogeometric Optimal Design of Compliant Mechanisms Using Finite Deformation Curved Beam Built-Up Structures
Authors: Choi Myung-Jin , Cho Seonho 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This paper presents a configuration and sizing design optimization method for large deformation planar compliant mechanisms, using a continuum-based adjoint design sensitivity analysis (DSA) approach for built-up structures. Under the total Lagrangian formulation, the Jaumann strain formulation using the discretization of the global displacement field is employed to account for the finite deformation of arbitrarily curved Kirchhoff beams. In multipatch models, a rotational junction continuity condition is imposed using penalty and Lagrange multiplier methods. The developed adjoint DSA method can handle nonconservative loading conditions, which lead to asymmetry of tangent operator. Performance measures are displacements and rotation angles, and neutral axis configuration and cross-sectional thickness are considered as design variables. Also, analytical design sensitivity expressions for the rotation continuity condition are derived. Various compliant mechanisms including path-generators and an angular rotator are synthesized to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed method.