bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of a highly specific DNA aptamer for Vibrio vulnificus using systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment coupled with asymmetric PCR
Authors: Yan Wanli , Gu Lide , Liu Shu , Ren Wei , Lyu Mingsheng , Wang Shujun 
Published: October 2018

AbstractVibrio vulnificus is an important bacterial pathogen that causes serious infections in fish and is also highly pathogenic to humans. Many effective detection methods targeting this pathogen have previously been designed, but many of these methods are time‐consuming, complicated and expensive. Thus, these approaches cannot be widely used by small aqacultural concerns. Although DNA aptamers have been used to detect pathogenic bacteria, these have not been applied to marine bacteria, including V. vulnificus. Therefore, we developed a highly specific DNA aptamer for V. vulnificus detection using systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX), coupled with asymmetric PCR. After 13 rounds of cross‐selection, we identified a novel DNA aptamer (Vapt2). We evaluated the affinity, specificity and limit of detection (LOD) of this aptamer for V. vulnificus. We found that Vapt2 had a high affinity for V. vulnificus (Kd = 26.8 ± 5.3 nM) and detected this pathogen at a wide range of concentrations (8–2.0 × 108 cfu/ml). Vapt2 bound to V. vulnificus with high selectivity in the presence of other pathogenic bacteria. Our study increases our knowledge of the possible applications of aptamers with respect to marine bacteria. Moreover, our work might provide a framework for the rapid detection of pathogenic bacteria and water pollution.
Molecular biology of Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus infection in giant freshwater prawn
Authors: Low Chen‐Fei , Md Yusoff Mohd Radzi , Kuppusamy Giva , Ahmad Nadzri Nur Farahiyah 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMacrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV) has been threatening the giant freshwater prawn aquaculture since 1997, causing white tail disease in the prawn species that leads to 100% lethality of the infected postlarvae. Comprehension of the viral infectivity and pathogenesis at molecular biology level has recently resolved the viral capsid protein and evidenced the significant difference in the viral structural protein compared to other nodaviruses that infect fish and insect. Cumulative researches have remarked the proposal to assert MrNV as a member of new genus, gammanodavirus to the Nodaviridae family. The significance of molecular biology in MrNV infection is being highlighted in this current review, revolving the viral life cycle from virus binding and entry into host, virus replication in host cell, to virus assembly and release. The current review also highlights the emerging aptamers technology that is also known as synthetic antibody, its application in disease diagnosis, and its prophylactic and therapeutic properties. The future perspective of synthetic virology technology in understanding viral pathogenesis, as well as its potential in viral vaccine development, is also discussed.
Morphological differences in lower facial third soft tissues in children with and without gingival smile: A cross‐sectional comparative study
Authors: Zapata‐Noreña Oscar , Barbosa‐Lis Diana M. , Bernal Lucia V. , Tamayo Laura C. , Bustamante Juliana 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT
AimThe aim of the present study was to establish the relationship between lower facial third and smile type in silent mixed‐dentition patients.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study, approved by the ethics committee, was conducted in a population of 2760 children, from which a convenient sample of 198 was included: 75 with gingival smile (GS) and 123 without GS (1:1.64). Clinical examination and videos were taken. Occlusal relation, overjet (OJ), overbite (OB), superior lip length at rest, superior lip length while smiling (SLLS), lower facial third height (LFTH), mid‐facial third height (MFTH), clinical crown length, and lip lift ability (LLA) were measured by two calibrated examiners (intraclass correlation coefficient: ≥.95). A normality test and demographic and bivariate analyses were undertaken. A non‐paired Student's t test was carried out in order to observe statistically‐significant differences between variables.ResultsThere were no differences between sexes or associations between LFTH and GS. Statistically‐significant differences (P < .05) in MFTH, SLLS, LLA, OJ, and OB were found. A logistic regression model showed that the sum of LLA (odds ratio [OR]: .65, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: .50,.83]) and OB (OR: .88, 95% CI: .82, .93]) were GS predictive factors in 81.3% of cases.ConclusionsOB and LLA are GS predictive factors in prepubertal participants. There is no relation between LFTH and GS.
Establishing the Genomic Knowledge Matrix for Nursing Science
Authors: Regan Mary , Engler Mary B. , Coleman Bernice , Daack‐Hirsch Sandra , Calzone Kathleen A. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPurposeTo establish the knowledge needed to integrate the multiple branches of omics into nursing research to accelerate achieving the research recommendations of the Genomic Nursing Science Blueprint.MethodsThe creation of the Genomic Knowledge Matrix occurred in three phases. In phase 1, the Omics Nursing Science and Education Network (ONSEN) Education Workgroup completed an evidence, bioinformatics, and technology review to inform the components of the Matrix. The ONSEN Advisory Panel then reviewed and integrated revisions. Phase 3 solicited targeted public comment focused on education and research experts, and applicable revisions were made.FindingsThe Genomic Knowledge Matrix establishes the following content areas: cellular and molecular biology, system physiology, microbiology, and translational bioinformatics as the minimum required preparation for nurse scientists to understand omics and to integrate this knowledge into research. The Matrix also establishes levels of understanding needed to function based on the role of the nurse scientist.ConclusionsThe Genomic Knowledge Matrix addresses knowledge important for nurse scientists to integrate genomics into their research. Building on prior recommendations and existing genomic competencies, the Matrix was designed to present key knowledge elements critical to understand omics that underpin health and disease. Knowledge depth varies based on the research role.Clinical RelevanceThe Genomic Knowledge Matrix provides the vital guidance for training nurse scientists in the integration of genomics. The flexibility of the Matrix also provides guidance to inform fundamental genomic content needed in core science content in undergraduate and graduate level nursing curricula.
A survey study to measure the practice of patient counselling and other community pharmacy services in Jordan
Authors: El-Dahiyat Faris , Curley Louise E. , Babar Zaheer-Ud-Din 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo identify the type of services currently provided by community pharmacists and to explore the barriers for providing high-quality services within the community pharmacy sector in Jordan.MethodsUsing random sampling technique, pharmacies were approached to take part in this questionnaire-based research. All the collected data were analysed using PASW® 18.0. Correlations were studied using Pearson's correlation.Key findingsFrom the 714 community pharmacies that were approached, 374 pharmacists were responded to the survey 52.4%. The majority of pharmacies provided patient counselling for long-term conditions and weight management (72.5%, n = 271 and 70.3%, n = 263 respectively). Lack of patient interest was the main barrier for not providing pharmaceutical services according to 50.8% of pharmacists. Three-quarters of the pharmacists preferred to be given incentives for providing pharmaceutical services by government (73.3%, n = 274). There were significant correlations between providing community pharmacy services and subspecialty of the responding pharmacists (r = 0.142, P &lt; 0.01), experience (r = 0.150, P &lt; 0.01). Concerns regarding patient adherence to medications were raised by 88% of pharmacists. There was a significant positive correlation between subspecialty and concerns about adherence (r = −0.160, P &lt; 0.01), on the other hand, significant negative correlation was found between years of experience and concerns about adherence (r = −0.246, P &lt; 0.01).ConclusionsThis study provides baseline data for policymakers on what pharmaceutical services are currently available across community pharmacies in Jordan and what barriers to these services may exist. These data also give an insight into how to improve the delivery of professional services that could result in better health outcomes.
Digging deeper: why we need more Proterozoic algal fossils and how to get them
Authors: Graham Linda E. 
Published: October 2018

Known Proterozoic algal fossils raise compelling questions about the origin and diversification of cyanobacteria and eukaryotic algae, and their ecological influence in deep time. This Perspectives article describes particular examples of persistent evolutionary and biogeochemical issues whose resolution would be aided by additional algal fossil evidence from Proterozoic deposits, which have been the subjects of recent intensive study. New Proterozoic geosciences literature relevant to the early diversification of algae is surveyed. Previously underappreciated algal traits that might improve taxonomic attributions of fossil remains are highlighted. Processes that phycologists could use to improve detection of algal fossils are recommended. Potential geological sources of new Proterozoic fossils are suggested.
Polysomnography with an epiglottic pressure catheter does not alter obstructive sleep apnea severity or sleep efficiency
Authors: Carter Sophie G. , Carberry Jayne C. , Grunstein Ronald R. , Eckert Danny J. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPharyngeal and oesophageal manometry is used clinically and in research to quantify respiratory effort, upper‐airway mechanics and the pathophysiological contributors to obstructive sleep apnea. However, the effects of this equipment on respiratory events and sleep in obstructive sleep apnea are unclear. As part of a clinical trial (ANZCTRN12613001106729), data from 28 participants who successfully completed a physiology night with an epiglottic catheter and nasal mask followed by a standard in‐laboratory polysomnography were compared. The apnea–hypopnea index was not different during the physiology night versus standard polysomnography (22 ± 14 versus 23 ± 13 events per hr, p = 0.71). Key sleep parameters were also not different compared between conditions, including sleep efficiency (79 ± 13 versus 81 ± 11%, p = 0.31) and the arousal index (26 ± 11 versus 27 ± 11 arousals per hr, p = 0.83). There were, however, sleep stage distribution changes between nights with less N3 and rapid eye movement sleep and more N1 on the physiology night, with no difference in N2 (53 ± 15 versus 48 ± 9, p = 0.08). However, these changes did not increase next‐day sleepiness. These findings indicate that while minor sleep stage distribution changes do occur towards lighter sleep, epiglottic manometry does not alter obstructive sleep apnea severity or sleep efficiency. Thus, epiglottic manometry can be used clinically and to collect detailed physiological information for research without major sleep disruption.
New light; friendly soil: affective–discursive dimensions of Anzac Day commemorations in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: McCreanor Tim , Wetherell Margaret , McConville Alex , Moewaka Barnes Helen , Moewaka Barnes Angela 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis paper investigates affective–discursive dimensions of nation‐building via commemorations of nationhood within Aotearoa New Zealand to ask about how these assemblages construct feeling trajectories for citizen participants. We report auto‐ethnographic analyses of participation in specific Anzac Day war remembrance events that occurred in the capital city Wellington. Analyses point to the ways in which engagement in the choreographies of commemoration constructs varied emotion‐laden subject positions for participants and how these psycho‐social differences index and evoke contrasting memorial politics. We conclude that while the differences in affective ambience at different events may prompt citizens towards nationalistic or more conciliatory identity politics, the ceremonies create space for participants to feel and enact diverse affective practices.
Expression of ETS1 and LEF1 in salivary glands of Sjögren syndrome patients
Authors: Shah Nirav R. , Noll Braxton D. , Padilla Ricardo J. , Brennan Mike T. , Mougeot Farah B. , Mougeot Jean‐Luc C. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectivePrimary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a systemic autoimmune disease affecting exocrine glands, thereby causing dry mouth and eyes (sicca). Our objective was to determine the expression of pSS pathogenic biomarker MMP9 and its putative transcription factors ETS1 and LEF1, in labial salivary glands of pSS patients.MethodsSicca patients were assigned to three groups based on focus score (FS): non‐pSS sicca (i.e., GR1 [FS = 0] and GR2 [0 < FS < 1]) and pSS (i.e., GR3 [FS ≥ 1]). We determined the mRNA and protein expression of MMP9, ETS1, and LEF1 in salivary gland biopsies. Also, ETS1‐CD4 and LEF1‐CD4 co‐expression analyses were performed.ResultsThe mRNA expression of MMP9, ETS1, and LEF1 was upregulated in GR3 compared to GR1 (p < 0.01). Most GR3 salivary gland areas had moderate to high MMP9, ETS1, and LEF1 protein expression compared to GR1 and GR2. Further, ETS1‐CD4 and LEF1‐CD4 dual staining demonstrated that both salivary gland epithelial cells and lymphocytic infiltrates had increased levels of ETS1 and LEF1. Moreover, there was a strong correlation between ETS1(+)‐CD4(−) and LEF1(+)‐CD4(−) cells.ConclusionThese results suggest, for the first time, a concerted increase in ETS1 and LEF1 expression in salivary gland epithelial cells of pSS patients that is reflective of the etiopathogenesis of pSS.
Adolescent and emerging adults’ evaluation of a Facebook site providing sexual health education
Authors: Jones Krista , Williams Jeff , Sipsma Heather , Patil Crystal 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo explore participants’ evaluation of an online sexual health intervention posted on Facebook and identify appealing and effective ways to present sexual health content to adolescents and emerging adults (AEAs).Design and MeasuresA qualitative approach using peer moderated focus groups was used to elicit reflections on the Facebook site's content, appeal, and ease of navigation. Focus group discussions were transcribed, coded, and analyzed for themes using conventional content analysis. Demographic data were analyzed with SPSS.SampleParticipants (n = 63) were recruited from a Midwestern university and both an urban and rural high school. Eight focus groups were conducted.ResultsParticipants reported significant concerns with the stigma associated with having sexual health conversations with parents, peers or providers. Participants thought the Facebook site provided reliable sexual health information, was not condescending, and was more visually appealing than other sites frequented by technology‐proficient AEA. AEAs suggested developing an independent sexual health education website.ConclusionFindings demonstrate the importance for having accurate and reliable sexual health information available on the internet. The use of visually appealing social media to communicate sexual health content that is interactive, informative, and user‐friendly and meets the educational needs of AEA in the Midwest is recommended.
Aggressiveness profiling of the coffee pathogen Colletotrichum kahawae
Authors: Vieira A. , Diniz I. , Loureiro A. , Pereira A. P. , Silva M. C. , Várzea V. , Batista D. 
Published: October 2018

Colletotrichum kahawae is a specialized plant pathogen of arabica coffee in Africa, able to infect green berries. The economic impact of this pathogen means there is an urgent need to better understand its pathogenic lifestyle, in particular its aggressiveness. In this study, several quantitative traits including disease severity, latent period and incubation period were measured to concomitantly assess the aggressiveness of 26 C. kahawae isolates. The results show that the area under disease progression curve is the most informative variable, particularly when joined together with the index disease intensity 10 days after inoculation and latency period, while the incubation period is not a reliable trait to distinguish aggressiveness levels in C. kahawae. This study also confirms the suitability of hypocotyls and detached green berries to perform C. kahawae aggressiveness assays, revealing that hypocotyls are a more reproducible testing material. Based on isolate profiles, three aggressiveness classes were established (high, moderate and low). A cytological analysis of representative isolates from each class showed that aggressiveness can be related to the development of post‐penetration stages, rather than conidia germination and appressoria differentiation. This study provides, for the first time, the best metrics to evaluate C. kahawae aggressiveness, characterizing the profile of a broad range of isolates, and defining a set of parameters that can be used to classify new isolates. Furthermore, the collected information will contribute to the improvement of coffee breeding programmes, through the selection of tester isolates for prescreening of resistant coffee materials, and offers the opportunity to engage on future genotype–phenotype studies.
Export cartel and consumer welfare
Authors: Mukherjee Arijit , Sinha Uday Bhanu 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to show that export cartels are not necessarily harmful for consumers in the importing countries. Using a strategic trade policy model, we show that, contrary to the harmful effect, product‐market cooperation benefits consumers by affecting the trade policies. We further show that consumers in the importing countries are affected adversely if cooperation is among the governments of the exporting countries, instead of the exporting firms.
Last Words: Are There Differences in Psychosocial and Clinical Antecedents Among Suicide Decedents Who Leave E‐Notes, Paper Notes, or No Note?
Authors: Eynan Rahel , Shah Ravi , Heisel Marnin Jori , Eden David , Jhirad Reuven , Links Paul S. 
Published: October 2018

ObjectiveOnly a minority of suicide decedents leave a suicide note. Typically, the notes are handwritten on paper; however, electronic suicide notes have been reported with increasing frequency. This emerging phenomenon remains generally under‐researched. The aim of this study was to compare the psychosocial and clinical antecedents of suicide decedents who left E‐notes with those who left paper notes or no notes.MethodThe study was embedded in the Southwestern Ontario Suicide Study (SOSS). The SOSS was a three‐year case series of consecutive deaths by suicide that occurred in the region between 2012 and 2014. Data on psychosocial and clinical antecedents were collected with a modified version of the Manchester questionnaire used in the UK.ResultsOf the 476 suicides files reviewed, 45.8% contained a suicide note. A total of 383 separate suicide notes were left: 74.3% were paper notes and 25.7% were E‐notes. The results of the multivariate regression analyses indicate that the likelihood of leaving a suicide note was negatively associated with a history of admissions to a mental health unit, while the likelihood of leaving an E‐note was negatively associated with age, positively associated with presence of a mental disorder, and negatively associated with history of hospital admissions.ConclusionsFuture studies with larger samples need to consider the timing of the text messages, and appraise whether there was the intent of seeking help or rescue in the text messages.
To Say the Least: Where Deceptively Withholding Information Ends and Lying Begins
Authors: Dynel Marta 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis paper aims to distil the essence of deception performed by means of withholding information, a topic hitherto largely neglected in the psychological, linguistic, and philosophical research on deception. First, the key conditions for deceptively withholding information are specified. Second, several notions related to deceptively withholding information are critically addressed with a view to teasing out the main forms of withholding information. Third, it is argued that deceptively withholding information can be conceptualized in pragmatic‐philosophical terms as being based on the violation of Grice's first maxim of Quantity, which is conducive to covertly untruthful meaning, specifically hearer‐inferred what is said that presents the violation of the first maxim of Quality. In order to meet this goal, Gricean and neo‐Gricean scholarship on the first maxim of Quantity and its consequences is revisited. Fourth, a number of linguistic realizations of withholding information are examined. It is argued that some of the examples found in the relevant scholarship, namely those that involve scalar expressions, qualify rather as lies.
Systematic rehabilitation planning: a new decision support system for targeted morphological river restoration
Authors: Schultze Ann‐Kristin , Gellert Georg , Koenzen Uwe , Riecker Timo , Rittner Roman 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWorking with decision support systems (DSS) in the water management sector often requires well‐grounded knowledge and an expensive data collection. This paper presents a new approach with regard to the identification of adequate hydromorphological measures taking especially the land availability and the local restrictions of the planned stream sections into consideration. It is intended for people with no broad water management background dealing with the planning, realization or permission of measures for water bodies. The essential module is an easy kept questionnaire for the derivation of measures. It leads the user through a logical sequence of questions resulting in target‐aimed measures, visualized by pictograms. This tool is also suitable for documentation purposes.
Removal of metribuzin by sulfate radical‐based photooxidation: multi‐objective optimization by central composite design
Authors: Durna Elif , Genç Nevim 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe objective of this study was to optimize the experimental conditions for maximum removal efficiency and minimum operating cost for removal of metribuzin pesticide from aqueous solution. Central Composite Design model was applied as Response Surface Design. In the model, independent parameters were ultraviolet irradiation time, persulfate anion dosage, TiO2 dosage, pH and response parameters were metribuzin removal (%) and operation cost. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to describe the significance level of factors on the multiple performance characteristics considered. It has been found that the most suitable model is the quadratic model to explain the both responses and the correlation coefficient (R2) of the relationship between the actual metribuzin removal and the predicted removal was calculated as 0.9518. As a result of multi‐optimization, removal efficiency of 84.59 (%) and operation cost of 4.44 (€/g) were obtained at ultraviolet irradiation time at 12.03 min, persulfate anion concentration at 4.909 g/L, TiO2 concentration at 0.197 g/L and pH at 4.