bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a multi‐layered skin simulant for burn injury evaluation of protective fabrics exposed to low radiant heat
Authors: Zhai Lina , Spano Fabrizio , Li Jun , Rossi René M. 
Published: September 2018

SummaryTo simulate temperature rise of human skin and to predict burn injury during radiant heat exposure, the traditional method is to use a sensor to simulate skin surface and use a numerical model to simulate heat transfer in inner skin. However, the numerical models of skin burns are based on few experimental data of nude skin and some simplifications of human skin characteristics. In this study, a new multi‐layered skin simulant is presented for low radiant heat exposures up to 15 kW/m2. The skin simulant has implanted thermocouples into layered polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) materials with controlled thermal properties and thicknesses of the skin layers. The multi‐layered skin simulant developed in this study has a good reproducibility for temperature measurements with similar temperature rise profiles compared with human skin except at skin surface. For burn injury prediction, the results of our PDMS skin model can be linearly corrected using ASTM model as a reference. Our developed skin simulant provides an advanced method to directly simulate the heat transfer inside human skin in a multi‐layered structure rather than using the combined physical sensor‐numerical model in the traditional way.
Seasonality study of essential oil from leaves of Cymbopogon densiflorus and nanoemulsion development with antioxidant activity
Authors: Seibert Janaína Brandão , Rodrigues Ivanildes Vasconcelos , Carneiro Simone Pinto , Amparo Tatiane Roquete , Lanza Juliane Sousa , Frézard Frédéric Jean G. , de Souza Gustavo Henrique Bianco , Santos Orlando David Henrique dos 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe development of formulations that maintain the biological and physical chemistry properties of essential oils is an important choice when they are used as an active ingredient. This study aimed to characterize the essential oil from leaves of Cymbopogon densiflorus and evaluate the antioxidant activity of the oil, and to produce a nanoemulsion formulation containing it. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation, and seasonality was analysed every 2 months by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, showing that more than 90% of the composition was maintained for the whole period and that the major compounds were trans‐p‐menta‐2,8‐dien‐1‐ol, cis‐p‐menta‐2,8‐dien‐1‐ol, trans‐p‐menta‐1(7),8‐dien‐2‐ol, cis‐piperitol, and cis‐p‐menta‐1(7),8‐dien‐2‐ol. Stable nanoemulsions were prepared by phase inversion method encapsulating the essential oil. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging and 2,2′‐azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulphonic acid (ABTS) methods. In the first test, free and nanoemulsified essential oil showed half‐maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values equivalent to 14.689 and 3.692 mg mL−1, respectively. In the second test, these values were 0.567 and 0.43 mg mL−1. The development of nanoemulsion‐based essential oil from leaves of C. densiflorus was viable, and the formulated oil was able to reproduce the antioxidant activity at a concentration four times lower than that of the pure essential oil.
Ventral prefrontal cortex and emotion regulation in aging: A case for utilizing transcranial magnetic stimulation
Authors: Kim Joseph U. , Weisenbach Sara L. , Zald David H. 
Published: September 2018

ObjectivesThe ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC) has been speculated to play an important role in complex processes that allow emotional factors to influence human cognition. Accumulating evidence from human neuroimaging studies, in conjunction with studies of patients with lesions and animal models, shed light on the role of the vlPFC in emotion regulation (ER). This review aims to discuss and integrate recent findings related to vlPFC's role in ER in the context of aging, drawing from diverse sources, and suggest future directions for research utilizing transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS).Methods/DesignWe summarize findings from the existing literature investigating the neural basis of frontal‐lobe mediated ER and then highlight major findings from recent studies directly comparing healthy younger and older adult groups. We conclude by pointing to unaddressed questions worth pursuing in future research.Results and DiscussionWe propose future research directions utilizing TMS to answer key unaddressed questions. Moreover, we discuss the potential advantages, challenges, and limitations of using TMS as a complement to the existing neuroimaging methods in ER.
A tail of two sides: Artificially doubled false positive rates in neuroimaging due to the sidedness choice with t‐tests
Authors: Chen Gang , Cox Robert W. , Glen Daniel R. , Rajendra Justin K. , Reynolds Richard C. , Taylor Paul A. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractOne‐sided t‐tests are widely used in neuroimaging data analysis. While such a test may be applicable when investigating specific regions and prior information about directionality is present, we argue here that it is often mis‐applied, with severe consequences for false positive rate (FPR) control. Conceptually, a pair of one‐sided t‐tests conducted in tandem (e.g., to test separately for both positive and negative effects), effectively amounts to a two‐sided t‐test. However, replacing the two‐sided test with a pair of one‐sided tests without multiple comparisons correction essentially doubles the intended FPR of statements made about the same study; that is, the actual family‐wise error (FWE) of results at the whole brain level would be 10% instead of the 5% intended by the researcher. Therefore, we strongly recommend that, unless otherwise explicitly justified, two‐sided t‐tests be applied instead of two simultaneous one‐sided t‐tests.
Patient satisfaction with primary healthcare services in Lebanon
Authors: Hemadeh Randa , Hammoud Rawan , Kdouh Ola , Jaber Tarek , Ammar Lea 
Published: September 2018

SummaryBackgroundReorienting the model of care towards preventive services is integral to successfully move towards a people‐centered healthcare system. Patient satisfaction is an essential component of people‐centered care and an important quality of care indicator. In its efforts to strengthen primary healthcare, the Ministry of Public Health in Lebanon assessed patient satisfaction with services offered at primary healthcare centers (PHCCs) and explored the relationship between patient satisfaction and patient characteristics and accreditation.MethodologyThe study followed a cross‐sectional design. A survey was administered through phone calls with 1313 patients receiving services as part of a benefits package provided by 59 PHCCs. The survey collected data on patients' sociodemographic characteristics, perceptions, and satisfaction.ResultsOverall, 96.66% of surveyed patients reported being either satisfied (60.23%) or very satisfied (36.43%) with the services provided at the PHCCs. Patients' perceptions of patient‐provider communication, healthcare provider competency, and health education quality constituted strong predictors for satisfaction. However, facilities' accreditation status was not associated with satisfaction with PHC services.ConclusionPatient satisfaction with primary healthcare services in Lebanon was remarkably high. Findings highlighted the need for quality improvement particularly in health education and the alignment of accreditation standards with patient needs and expectations.
Molecular analysis of HIF activation as a potential biomarker for adverse reaction to metal debris (ARMD) in tissue and blood samples
Authors: Nyga Agata , Hart Alister , Tetley Teresa D. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWe aimed to find a biomarker for patients with adverse reaction to metal debris (ARMD) due to a metal‐on‐metal (MoM) hip implant. First, we compared molecular markers of hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF) pathway activation (BNIP3, GLUT1, HO1, VEGF, and HIF1A) and inflammatory response (IL1B and COX2) in tissue from patients undergoing revision of MoM hip implant with tissue from patients undergoing primary hip replacement (PHR). Second, we compared blood levels of the above molecular markers and additional inflammatory markers: TNFA, IL18, CASPASE1, NFKB or IKB, and TLR1–4 mRNA in patients with non‐failed MoM hips. We report the presence of increased expression of HIF‐target genes in the periprosthetic tissue in MoM patients when compared to the PHR group. This suggests HIF pathway activation due to MoM debris and the potential of using HIF targets as a predictor of failure. Analysis of blood samples from nonoverlapping, nonfailed, MoM group showed significantly higher expression of COX2 mRNA and significant correlations between HIF1A and GLUT1 mRNA expressions, and between HIF1A mRNA and selection of inflammatory genes, including IL18, IKB, TLR1, and TLR4. HIF pathway activation in the periprosthetic tissue biopsies of patients with hip replacements may represent the first biomarker to identify early ARMD. Further studies investigating blood biomarkers could also prove beneficial in detecting ARMD that could lead to an early intervention and improved patient outcome after hip revision surgery. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 1352–1362, 2019.
A dissecting aneurysm of interventricular septum resulting from congenital coronary artery fistula
Authors: Wu Qing , Jin Yanping , Zhou Lin , Liu Yongfang , Wu Daozhu 
Published: September 2018

AbstractRationaleVentricular septal dissecting aneurysms are rarely caused by congenital coronary artery fistulas.Patient concernsWe present a rare case of ventricular septal dissecting aneurysm that resulted from a congenital coronary artery fistula in a 41‐year‐old female patient with the complaint of chest pain.DiagnosisVentricular septal dissecting aneurysm resulting from a right coronary artery fistula.InterventionsThe patient was advised to receive transcatheter interventional therapy in the department of cardiology.OutcomesIt was difficult for the cardiac catheter to reach the orifice of fistula due to the long and circuitous nature of the right coronary artery, which ultimately resulted in abandoning interventional fistula occlusion therapy. The patient finally decided to undergo surgical treatment in Shanghai and the symptoms have been markedly improved after hemodynamic correction.LessonsThe right coronary artery was the dominant vessel and the fistula was located in the distal part of the posterior descending branch of right coronary artery. Hence, transcatheter closure was appropriate; however, due to the fact that right coronary artery was too long and circuitous, the length of cardiac catheter was relatively insufficient. For this reason, a comprehensive and careful assessment before the operation is necessary.
Moth flame optimization based design of linear and circular antenna array for side lobe reduction
Authors: Das Avishek , Mandal D. , Ghoshal S.P. , Kar R. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis paper presents an accurate approach to design a symmetrical linear antenna array (LAA) and a non‐uniformly excited single ring circular antenna array (CAA) to improve the far‐field radiation characteristics. The far‐field radiation pattern is improved with lower side lobe level (SLL) which is essential for the reduction of interference in the entire side lobe regions. A recently proposed meta‐heuristic based optimization algorithm called moth flame optimization (MFO) is applied to determine the optimal sets of current excitation weights and the inter‐element spacing among the array elements to reduce the SLL. In this context, 10‐element and 16‐element LAA and 8‐element, 10‐element, and 12‐element CAA design examples are presented by optimizing the array parameters. The simulation results obtained by using MFO algorithm based approach yield a considerable improvement in SLL and some marked improvement of half power beam width with respect to the uniform array pattern and those of the recently reported literature.
Cover Image, Volume 98, Issue 14
Authors: Zhang Xiumin , Wang Min , Wang Rong , Ma Zhiyuan , Long Donglei , Mao Hongxiang , Wen Jiangnan , Bernard Lukuyu A , Beauchemin Karen A , Tan Zhiliang 
Published: September 2018

The cover image, by Xiumin Zhang et al., is based on the Research Article Urea plus nitrate pretreatment of rice and wheat straws enhances degradation and reduces methane production in in vitro ruminal culture, DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9056.
image
FOLFIRINOX and radiotherapy for locally advanced pancreatic cancer: A cohort study
Authors: Suker Mustafa , Nuyttens Joost J. , Groot Koerkamp Bas , Eskens Ferry A. L. M. , van Eijck Casper H. J. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIntroductionOne‐third of the patients with pancreatic cancer present with locally advanced unresectable pancreatic cancer (LAPC). Our aim was to determine survival outcomes and toxicity after FOLFIRINOX (leucovorin, fluorouracil, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin) followed by radiotherapy (RT) in biopsy‐proven patients with LAPC.MethodsWe analysed a cohort of biopsy‐proven patients with LAPC, who were eligible for induction FOLFIRINOX (eight cycles) and subsequent RT (30 fractions, 60 Gy). Eligible patients underwent a staging laparoscopy to detect occult metastasis before the treatment. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS), and secondary outcomes were progression‐free survival (PFS), treatment‐related toxicity, and resection rate.ResultsForty‐four patients were diagnosed with biopsy‐proven LAPC. Twenty‐five patients were eligible and all underwent staging laparoscopy before the treatment. In three (12%) patients occult metastases were found. Twenty‐two patients started induction FOLFIRINOX, 17 (77%) completed all cycles. Seventeen (77%) patients were treated with subsequent RT, with 16 (94%) receiving the full dosage. Three (14%) patients underwent a radical resection after the treatment. Median OS was 15.4 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 10.0‐20.7), median PFS was 11 months (95% CI, 7.7‐14.4).ConclusionsMedian OS after FOLFIRINOX and RT was 15 months in patients with LAPC. Toxicity remains severe, however, most patients completed all eight scheduled cycles of FOLFIRINOX and RT.
Bone tumor resection guide using three‐dimensional printing for limb salvage surgery
Authors: Park Jong Woong , Kang Hyun Guy , Lim Kwun Mook , Park Dae Woo , Kim June Hyuk , Kim Han Soo 
Published: September 2018

Background and ObjectivesThe three‐dimensional (3D)‐printed bone tumor resection guide can be personalized for a specific patient and utilized for bone tumor surgery. It is noninvasive, eidetic, and easy to use. We aimed to categorize the use of the 3D‐printed guide and establish in vivo accuracy data.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 12 patients, who underwent limb salvage surgery using the 3D‐printed guide at a single institution. To confirm the achievement of a safe bone margin, we compared the actual and planned distances between the cutting surface and tumor, which were reported in the final pathological report and measured from the same virtual cutting plane using graphical data of the cutting guide design, respectively.ResultsThe use of the 3D‐printed guide was categorized as follows: (a) wide excision only, (b) wide excision and biological reconstruction with a structural bone allograft shaped in accordance with the 3D‐printed guide, and (c) wide excision and reconstruction with a 3D‐printed personalized implant. The maximal cutting error was 3 mm.ConclusionsThe 3D‐printed resection guide is easy to use and shows promise in the field of orthopedic oncology, with its application in bone tumor resection and reconstruction with a structural bone allograft or 3D‐printed implant.
Early recurrence of well‐differentiated (G1) neuroendocrine liver metastasis after curative‐intent surgery: Risk factors and outcome
Authors: Xiang Jun‐Xi , Zhang Xu‐Feng , Weiss Matthew , Aldrighetti Luca , Poultsides George A. , Bauer Todd W. , Fields Ryan C. , Maithel Shishir Kumar , Marques Hugo P. , Pawlik Timothy M. 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundThe objective of the current study was to identify the risk of early vs late recurrence of well‐differentiated (G1) neuroendocrine liver metastasis (NELM) after curative‐intent resection.MethodsPatients who underwent curative‐intent resection for well‐differentiated NELM were identified from a multi‐institutional database. Clinicopathological details, as well as the long‐term overall (OS) and recurrence free survival (RFS) were obtained and compared. The optimal cutoff value to differentiate early and late recurrence was determined to be 1 year based on trend curve analysis.ResultsAmong the 548 patients undergoing curative resection for NELM, 162 patients had a well‐differentiated NELM. After a median follow‐up of 69 months, 59 (36.4%) patients had tumor recurrence; 23 (39.0%) patients recurred within 1 year (early recurrence) after surgery, while 36 (61.0%) recurred after 1 year (late recurrence). Early recurrence was associated with worse outcome vs late recurrence (5‐year OS, 72.4% vs 92.0%; P = 0.020) and no recurrence (5‐year OS, 72.4% vs 100.0%;
P < 0.001). In addition, postrecurrence survival was worse within 36 months after recurrence among patients who recurred early compared with patients who recurred late (survival after recurrence at 36 months: early recurrence, 71.6% vs late recurrence, 91.4%;
P = 0.047), although survival was comparable at 60 months (early recurrence, 71.6% vs late recurrence, 70.0%;
P = 0.304). On multivariable analysis, nonfunctional neuroendocrine tumors (hazard ratio [HR], 4.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2‐16.7;
P = 0.029) and lymph node metastasis (HR, 3.6; 95% CI, 1.1‐11.1;
P = 0.028) were independent risk factors for early recurrence, whereas lymph node metastasis (HR, 3.0; 95% CI, 1.2‐7.8;
P = 0.020) and R1 resection (HR, 3.9; 95% CI, 1.4‐10.5;
P = 0.008) were independently associated with late recurrence.ConclusionsRoughly, one‐third of patients with well‐differentiated NELM experienced a recurrence following curative‐intent surgery. Among patients who recurred, two out of five patients recurred within 1 year after surgery. Early recurrence of well‐differentiated NELM was associated with the hormone functional status and lymph node metastasis.
Impact of specific modes of circumferential resection margin involvement in rectal cancer local recurrence: A retrospective study
Authors: Suárez Javier , Goicoetxea Andrea , Gómez M.L. , Jiménez G. , Llanos M.C. , Jiménez J. , Montes B. , de Miguel M. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPurposeTo compare the local recurrence rate and overall survival between patients with circumferential resection margin (CRM) involvement by direct tumor spread and by a tumor within a lymph node.MethodsA total of 776 patients diagnosed with rectal cancer underwent rectal resection. Patients with CRM involvement by direct tumor spread were named group A. CRM involvement by tumor within a lymph node formed group B. Patient data, including sex, age, pT, pN, stage I‐III versus IV, neoadjuvant radiotherapy, adjuvant chemotherapy, carcinoembryonic antigen, primary tumor location, lymph node retrieval, and need for abdominoperineal resection, were compared between both groups.ResultsIn total, 10.5% of the patients had CRM involvement. Of these, in 57 cases (7.3%), it was by direct tumor spread and in 19 cases (2.4%) by tumor within a lymph node. Other types of CRM involvement were found in six patients. With a mean follow‐up of 32.9 months, 18 patients from group A (31.5%) and one patient from group B (5.2%) suffered a local recurrence. Local recurrence‐free survival was significantly higher in patients from group B (P = 0.049).Patients in stage I‐III (P = 0.037) and from group B (
P = 0.049) had better overall survival.ConclusionPatients with CRM involvement by tumor within a lymph node have a low risk of local recurrence and better overall survival than patients with CRM involvement by direct tumor spread.
High nuclear Survivin expression as a poor prognostic marker in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhou Li , Lu Jun , Liang Zhi‐Yong , Zhou Wei‐Xun , Yuan Da , Li Bing‐Qi , You Lei , Guo Jun‐Chao , Zhao Yu‐Pei 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundSurvivin, one of the key regulators of mitosis and apoptosis, has long been well recognized to play important biological roles in many neoplasms, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, its prognostic value in PDAC remains controversial.Patients and MethodsNuclear expression of Survivin was detected, using tissue microarray‐based immunohistochemistry, in paired‐tumor and nontumor samples from 306 patients with radically resected PDAC. The staining H scores were further correlated with clinicopathologic features and disease‐specific survival (DSS).ResultsNuclear Survivin expression was much higher in tumor than in nontumor tissues (P < 0.001). No significant association between tumoral Survivin expression and clinicopathologic variables was found. For prognosis, high Survivin expression was associated with shortened DSS in all eligible patients and four subgroups, that is, male and nondiabetic patients as well as those with head‐located and G1‐2 tumors, shown by univariate analyses. In addition, a statistically marginal significance was revealed in eight subgroups. For the entire cohort and two subgroups, nuclear Survivin expression was also multivariate identified as an independent predictor for DSS. For patients with G1‐2 tumors, it was the single prognostic marker.ConclusionOur data suggest an association between high nuclear Survivin expression and poor prognosis in PDAC. However, further confirmation might be necessary.
Equipping an underwater glider with a new echosounder to explore ocean ecosystems
Authors: Benoit‐Bird K. J. , Patrick Welch T. , Waluk C. M. , Barth J. A. , Wangen I. , McGill P. , Okuda C. , Hollinger G. A. , Sato M. , McCammon S. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractMobile autonomous platforms are revolutionizing our understanding of ocean systems by providing a solution for the four‐dimensional observation problem faced in the ocean. The sensors commonly used in autonomous platforms, however, leave a large gap in our observations of the food chain between primary producers and large predators. Echosounders have the potential to fill this gap. Here, we present details of a new, commercially available quantitative scientific echosounder specifically designed to meet the challenges of deployment in autonomous platforms, including those of relatively low power and small size, while providing data comparable to systems deployed from ships. We detail the integration into a Slocum glider of this echosounder and both upward‐ and downward‐looking transducers to provide guidance for those considering similar efforts. We also identify key features of the system and the challenges that must be overcome to ensure collection of high‐quality data. The most important feature of the integrated glider is that it carries instruments capable of providing depth profiles of bio‐optical and environmental variables that are synoptic with the echosounder data. On a dive‐by‐dive basis, we can use these co‐located data to quantify relationships between the acoustic, bio‐optical, and environmental data. A field deployment of the echosounder‐equipped glider elucidated the processes driving diel migration in zooplankton and nekton in Monterey Bay, emphasizing the novel science questions that can be addressed using contemporary means of accessing the sea and new, integrated tools for describing the habitat and its inhabitants.