bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Terrestrial support of zooplankton biomass in northern rivers
Authors: Berggren M. , Bengtson P. , Soares A. R. A. , Karlsson J. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe contribution of terrestrially derived carbon to micro‐crustacean zooplankton biomass (i.e., allochthony) has been previously studied in lakes, reservoirs, and estuaries, but little is known about zooplankton allochthony in rivers. In lacustrine environments, allochthony is regulated by distinct selective feeding behavior of different taxa. However, we hypothesized that restricted possibility for selective grazing in turbulent environments such as rivers would decouple zooplankton from specific microbial and algal food resources, such that their allochthony would mirror the terrestrial contribution to the surrounding bulk particle pool. We tested this idea by analyzing allochthony in 13 widely distributed Swedish rivers, using a dual‐isotope mixing model. Zooplankton biomasses were generally low, and allochthony in different micro‐crustacean groups (Cladocera, Cyclopoida, Calanoida) varied from 2% to 77%. As predicted, there were no correlations between allochthony and variables indicating the supply of algal and microbial food resources, such as chlorophyll a and bacterial production. Instead, the allochthony was generally similar to the share allochthonous contribution in bulk particulate organic matter, with relationships close to the 1 : 1 line. The zooplankton community allochthony was strongly regulated by the ecosystem metabolic balance between production and respiration, which in turn was dependent upon the ratio between total autochthonous organic carbon concentrations and water color. Our study for the first time shows that micro‐crustacean allochthony is regulated differently in rivers compared to in lacustrine systems, and points to inefficient support of zooplankton biomass by algal resources in turbulent waters.
Counter‐Propagating Optical Trapping of Resonant Nanoparticles Using a Uniaxial Crystal
Authors: Karpinski Pawel , Jones Steven , Andrén Daniel , Käll Mikael 
Published: July 2018

AbstractLaser tweezing of optically resonant nanostructures, such as plasmonic nanoparticles and high‐index dielectric nanoresonators, is extremely challenging because the enhanced light–matter interaction usually amplifies radiation pressure to an extent where conventional single beam gradient trapping in three dimensions becomes impossible. Such particles are therefore typically trapped off resonance or in two dimensions only. To extend the application potential of optical tweezers to the resonant case, focus splitting inside a uniaxial birefringent crystal and reflection from a mirror is used to develop a counter‐propagating beam configuration based on a single microscope objective. The setup allows one to trap and rapidly rotate resonant gold nanorods in water far from any interface, thereby opening a range of possibilities for novel studies of resonantly enhanced optical forces and interactions in uniform environments.
Automatic transmission fluid corrosion inhibitor interactions with copper
Authors: Warren Bethan , Hunt Gregory J. , Bryant Michael , Neville Anne , Morina Ardian , Gahagan Michael 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn this paper, a new method, measuring the change in resistance of a thin copper wire, has been applied to provide a way to monitor a corrosion reaction in situ. Two different corrosion inhibitors used in commercial automatic transmission fluids have been studied at 110 °C, 120 °C, 130°C, and 150 °C using this new test method coupled with a more traditional coupon test to allow surface analysis to be carried out. Both inhibitors were found to be equally as effective up to temperatures of 130°C; however, the evidence provided shows that at 150°C, the thiadiazole inhibitor is breaking down leading to severe pitting on the surface. Corrosion performance therefore, cannot be assumed to be effective at all temperatures, and the current method provides a convenient quantitative screening method for inhibitor evaluation.
Role of size of hexagonal boron nitride particles on tribo‐performance of nano and micro oils
Authors: Gupta Manoj Kumar , Bijwe Jayashree , Padhan Meghashree 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis research work was focussed on investigating the influence of size of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) on the tribological performance of oils. Hexagonal boron nitride–added oils were developed using polyisobutylene succinimide as a dispersant (1 wt%) for hBN (4 wt%) particles in base oil. Dynamic light scattering–based studies were conducted to evaluate the stability of oils quantitatively. Physical properties evaluation was done for density, kinematic viscosity, and flashpoint. Tribo‐investigations were performed for anti‐wear and extreme‐pressure performance on 4‐ball tester. Anti‐wear and extreme‐pressure performance increased by ≈60% and ≈30%, respectively, for nano‐hBN–added oil, while 5 micron particles proved least performers among the selected sizes of hBN. Worn surfaces examination was done through scanning electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray analysis, and atomic force microscopy.
Rapid, Template‐Less Patterning of Polymeric Interfaces for Controlled Wettability via in Situ Heterogeneous Photopolymerizations
Authors: Szczepanski Caroline R. , Darmanin Thierry , Godeau Guilhem , Guittard Frédéric 
Published: July 2018

AbstractTuning macroscopic behavior between a synthetic surface and the surrounding environment requires precise engineering of micro‐ and nanoscale features at the interface. As one example, the geometry and spacing of topographical structures can be manipulated to modify interfacial interactions with water. If optimized correctly, topographical features can impart macroscopic wetting behavior that goes well beyond what is expected from the chemistry of the surface materials, such as strong hydrophobicity from intrinsically hydrophilic materials. However, developed techniques such as templating or nano‐lithography require significant processing times and are often ill‐suited for in situ applications. This work shows that polymeric interfaces with regular, ordered topographical features can be generated using a rapid in situ photopolymerization technique that requires no templating nor additional processing to generate or manipulate surface features. Maximizing the local differential in polymerization‐induced shrinkage between heterogeneous domains results in the formation of robust 3D surface features. Furthermore, the spacing and density of these features can be optimized through the phase separation process, yielding surfaces with variable wetting (θw ≈ 90–130°). These results demonstrate that template‐ and mask‐less surface patterning is possible with rapid polymerization techniques and that it can be easily manipulated to vary surface wetting behavior.
Sugar‐Derived Poly(β‐thioester)s as a Biomedical Scaffold
Authors: Moon Nicholas G. , Mazzini Fiorella , Pekkanen Allison M. , Wilts Emily M. , Long Timothy E. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe monomer isosorbide diacrylate (iSDA) and commercially available dithiols allowed access to a range of biosourced, degradable polymers. Altering the dithiol identity significantly affected the glass transition Tgs of the polymer products; however, polymers did not exhibit Tgs above room temperature. Incorporating the comonomer N,N′‐methylene bisacrylamide provided mechanical reinforcement through hydrogen bonding, resulting in soft, pliable materials. Differential scannin calorimetry (DSC) and variable‐temperature fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy indicated that increases in mechanical integrity resulted from hydrogen bonding. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) revealed materials that exhibited suitable moduli and service windows at body temperature. Biological evaluation demonstrated favorable cytotoxicity and cell attachment, rendering these materials potential candidates as novel scaffold materials for tissue growth.
In Situ Polymerization Approach to Graphene‐Oxide‐Reinforced Silicone Composites for Superior Anticorrosive Coating
Authors: Zhu Hongxia , Chen Yuyan , Li Huaiyuan , Wang Su‐Xi , Li Xu , Zhu Qingzeng 
Published: July 2018

AbstractNovel graphene‐oxide‐reinforced silicone composites (GOSC) are prepared by in situ polymerization of silanes and low concentrations (<0.15 wt%) of silylated GO (SGO). After modification, the distances of the SGO nanosheets are successfully increased from 0.72 to 0.87 nm. Compared with GO, the SGO shows better dispersibility in organic solvents as well as remarkably enhanced decomposition temperature (T
d improved by 100 °C). After covalently grafting onto silicone resins via in situ polymerization, the obtained GOSC exhibits greatly enhanced thermal stability (T
d up to 400 °C and T
g improved by 3–5 °C), increased storage modulus, loss modulus, and complex viscosity. The morphology, microstructure, interfacial adhesion of the developed GOSC coatings were carefully investigated. The GOSC coatings on metal exhibit good transparency (up to 90%), hydrophobicity, and excellent anticorrosion capability. This work provides a new strategy for developing high performance graphene‐based silicone composite materials.
Ferrocene‐Containing Inverse Opals by Melt‐Shear Organization of Core/Shell Particles
Authors: Winter Tamara , Su Xiao , Hatton T. Alan , Gallei Markus 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn this work, the preparation of redox‐responsive elastomeric inverse opal films featuring switchable structural colors is reported. The pristine core/shell particle architecture consists of a silica core having a metallopolymer shell, that is, poly(2‐(methacryloyloxy)ethyl ferrocene carboxylate) (PFcMA) copolymerized with n‐butyl methacrylate (PFcMA‐co‐PnBuMA) synthesized via seeded and stepwise emulsion polymerization protocols. This tailor‐made, inorganic core/hybrid organic shell architecture leads to monodisperse particles, which were then subjected to the so‐called melt‐shear organization technique. After a cross‐linking reaction and the core particle removal, vivid structural colors are obtained due to the well‐ordered voids within the metallopolymer‐containing matrix. In addition, redox responsiveness is shown by the addition of chemical oxidation and reducing agents as well as by cyclic voltammetry studies, thus revealing both a change of surface wettability and a change of the structural reflection colors. Herein, the described one‐pot strategies for the preparation of metallopolymer‐containing core/shell hybrid particles and application of the melt‐shear ordering technique paves the way to novel redox‐responsive porous opal films, which are expected to be promising materials in the field of remote‐switchable sensors or electrochemical adsorbents.
Synthesis and characterization of functionally graded nickel‐nickel coated ZrO2 composite coating
Authors: Bostani B. , Ahmadi N. Parvini , Yazdani S. , Arghavanian R. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractElectroless‐nickel plated ZrO2 (NCZ) particles have been used to produce a functionally graded nickel‐electroless‐nickel plated ZrO2 composite coating. So, electroless‐nickel plated ZrO2 particles concentration was continuously increased from 0 to an optimum value in the electroplating bath (Watt's bath). The substrate was ST37 steel and the thickness of the coating was approximately 50 μm. Also a uniformly distributed nickel‐electroless‐nickel plated ZrO2 composite coating has been manufactured as comparison. The composite coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. Structure and phase composition were identified by X‐ray diffraction analysis. Microhardness of the coatings was evaluated by employing a Vickers instrument. Three‐point bend test was carried out to compare the adhesion strength of the coatings. Dry sliding wear tests were performed using a pin‐on‐disk wear apparatus. The electrochemical behavior of the coatings was studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The microhardness measurements showed that, with increasing the co‐electrodeposited electroless‐nickel plated ZrO2 particle content in the nickel matrix, the microhardness increases from interface towards the surface of the functionally graded composite coating. Bend, wear and electrochemical test results confirmed that the functionally graded composite coating has higher adhesion, wear resistance and corrosion resistance as compared with the uniformly distributed coating. This has been attributed to lower mechanical mismatch between coating and substrate in functionally graded composite coating with respect to the uniformly distributed one.
On the polymer modified cement mortars with different lightweight aggregates in marine environment
Authors: Neşer G. , Bayram A.S. , Gürsel K.T. , Ünsalan D. , Taner M. , Altunsaray E. , Önal M. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractHaving a light weight is a design objective for offshore and coastal structures and in order to reach this aim, use of lightweight concrete consisting lightweight aggregates and polymers is a feasible solution. In this study, materials obtained from locally available crushed volcanic scoria as main aggregate and some additional lightweight aggregates with ceramic, perlite and andesite as well polymers were used in the mixtures with different proportions (totally 14 mixtures) to propose feasible alternatives for coastal structure designers. To evaluate the design performances of the mixtures, their properties such as density, cylinder compressive strength, capillarity, loss of mass under the effects of the agents in marine environment such as sodium sulphate and sodium chloride were obtained experimentally. It was found that mixtures with scoria aggregates showed more favourable results and additional aggregates gave flexibility to the designer to lower densities up to 40 % ‐ 60 % of normal‐weight mixtures. Polymer modification also improved the performance of the related materials.
Assessment of failure pressure of a GFRP composite repair system for wall loss defect in metallic pipelines
Authors: Budhe S. , Banea M.D. , de Barros S. , Rohem N.R.F. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe present paper is concerned with the failure pressure assessment of a newly developed GFRP matrix laminated composite repair of metallic pipelines with 80 % wall loss defect. The main motivation is to validate the experimental failure pressure with the theoretical one. Wall loss defects were manufactured into the tube specimen and the performance of the repaired pipe was assessed by hydrostatic tests as per ISO/TS 24817 standard. Results reveal that the theoretical failure pressure as per ISO/TS 24817 standard is found to be conservative. A wide range of failure pressure values was obtained using different criteria. Only RSTRENG 0.85* modified criterion provides a closer value towards the experimental one. However, the criterion selection for damage factor and flow stress condition is an open question as it gives dispersed values of failure pressure. The prediction of the failure pressure must be accurate without being overly conservative. Plastic deformation of the tube occurs towards the end of the tube, consequently, it is necessary to account for this behavior in failure pressure analysis for an accurate prediction. The application of loading‐unloading cycles before the failure burst test should be also accounted in order to predict the failure pressure.
Grading the loss of sensation in diabetic patients: A psychometric evaluation of the rotterdam diabetic foot study test battery
Authors: Rinkel Willem D. , Rizopoulos Dimitris , Aziz M. Hosein , Van Neck Johan W. , Cabezas Manuel Castro , Coert J. Henk 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Static‐ and moving 2‐point discrimination (S2PD, M2PD), 10‐g monofilaments‐ and tuning fork are validated outcome measures of clinical manifestations of diabetes‐related neuropathy. No modern statistical techniques have been used to investigate how well these instruments combine to measure sensory loss. Methods: To grade sensory loss at the feet, we fitted parametric forms of Item Response Theory models to the data of these instruments. Results: The fit statistics indicate that the loss of sensation is gradable, with readily available instruments. S2PD and M2PD are lost first, followed by vibration sense, the 10‐g monofilament and the ability to feel a cold stimulus. Conclusions: This test battery appears to provide sound measurement properties in a group of diabetic patients with diverse amounts of sensory loss. This approach may be used in clinical practice to grade sensory loss reliably and quickly, with instruments that are easy to use. Muscle Nerve 58: 559–565, 2018
VEGF receptor‐2/neuropilin 1 trans‐complex formation between endothelial and tumor cells is an independent predictor of pancreatic cancer survival
Authors: Morin Eric , Sjöberg Elin , Tjomsland Vegard , Testini Chiara , Lindskog Cecilia , Franklin Oskar , Sund Malin , Öhlund Daniel , Kiflemariam Sara , Sjöblom Tobias , Claesson‐Welsh Lena 
Published: July 2018

AbstractUnstable and dysfunctional tumor vasculature promotes cancer progression and spread. Signal transduction by the pro‐angiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor‐2 (VEGFR2) is modulated by VEGFA‐dependent complex formation with neuropilin 1 (NRP1). NRP1 expressed on tumor cells can form VEGFR2/NRP1 trans‐complexes between tumor cells and endothelial cells which arrests VEGFR2 on the endothelial surface, thus interfering with productive VEGFR2 signaling. In mouse fibrosarcoma, VEGFR2/NRP1 trans‐complexes correlated with reduced tumor vessel branching and reduced tumor cell proliferation. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) strongly expressed NRP1 on both tumor cells and endothelial cells, in contrast to other common cancer forms. Using proximity ligation assay, VEGFR2/NRP1 trans‐complexes were identified in human PDAC tumor tissue, and its presence was associated with reduced tumor vessel branching, reduced tumor cell proliferation, and improved patient survival after adjusting for other known survival predictors. We conclude that VEGFR2/NRP1 trans‐complex formation is an independent predictor of PDAC patient survival. © 2018 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Degradation of Irgafos 168 and migration of its degradation products from PP‐R composite films
Authors: Yan Yan , Hu Chang‐Ying , Wang Zhi‐Wei , Jiang Zi‐Wei 
Published: July 2018

Food contact materials contain non‐intentionally added substances from degradation, and reaction processes could rise food safety problems. Three polypropylene random copolymer composite films were prepared by extruding the polypropylene random copolymer matrix with Irgafos 168, Irgafos 168 and nanocopper, Irgafos 168 and KH550 modified nanocooper, respectively. To evaluate the degradation behaviors of Irgafos 168, the films were treated by UV irradiation, microwave treatment, sunlight exposure, placed in different oxygen concentration conditions, suffered the extrusion process, and high temperature. Migration test was conducted at 20°C, 40°C, and 70°C with films tested in food simulant. GC‐MS was adopted to determine the concentration of Irgafos 168 and its two degradation products, 2,4‐di‐tert‐butylphenol (DP1) and tris (2,4‐di‐tert‐butylphenyl) phosphate (DP2). UV irradiation significantly accelerated the degradation of Irgafos 168 compared with other treatments; DP1 and DP2 increased to maximum value at 24 hours and decreased afterwards, simultaneously. The introduction of nanocopper notably promoted DP1 generation after extrusion whereas suppressed DP2 generation which also caused a higher degradation rate of Irgafos 168 and sharp decrease of DP1 under microwave treatment, sunlight exposure, and high temperature treatment. No significant difference between the effects of nanocopper and KH550 modified nanocopper on degradation of Irgafos 168 was found. For the migration test, the introduction of nanocopper inhibited the migration of Irgafos 168 and DP2 whereas promoted the migration of DP1. No significant difference between the introduction of nanocopper and KH550 modified nanocopper on migration of Irgafos 168 and DP1, DP2 was found.
Fluorescent Sensing of Cesium Ions by an Amide‐Linked BODIPY Dye: Synthesis and Photophysical Properties
Authors: Özcan Emrah , Çoşut Bünyemin 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn this study, a new fluorescent sensor for Cs+ ion was designed and synthesized from the combination of pyridine‐2,6‐dicarboxamide and 4,4‐difluoro‐4‐borata‐3a,4a‐diaza‐s‐indacene (BODIPY) scaffolds. The sensing capability of the target compound against a variety of ions was investigated. The structure of the target compound was proved by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry, and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopies. Photophysical properties of the amide‐linked BODIPY compound were studied by utilizing fluorescence spectroscopies in DMSO/water (9:1, v/v) solution. It was found that the final amide‐linked BODIPY compound showed exclusively selective and sensitive turn‐off sensor behavior for Cs+ ion over other metal ions (Li+, Na+, K+, Cs+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Ba2+, Hg2+, Pb2+, Mn2+, Cd2+, Ag+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Co2+, Cr3+ and Fe3+). The addition of Cs+ resulted in quenching of fluorescence intensity and the detection limit was calculated to be 0.273 μM. According to Job's Plot, binding stoichiometry ratio of the target compound with Cs+ was 1:1.
Theoretical studies on tunable electronic structures and potential applications of two‐dimensional arsenene‐based materials
Authors: Zhao Jun , Qi Zheng‐Hang , Xu Yong , Dai Jun , Zeng Xiao Cheng , Guo Wanlin , Ma Jing 
Published: July 2018

Research efforts in the area of two‐dimensional (2D) arsenene‐based materials have been fueled up recently due to similarities in honeycomb atomic structures and differences in physical and chemical properties between arsenene and graphene. The pioneering prediction of monolayered arsenene in 2015 and successful synthesis of multilayered arsenene nanoribbons in 2016 have promoted intensive subsequent studies, especially in the theoretical aspect. Density functional theory computations not only revealed desirable fundamental band gap, structural stability, and high carrier mobility of various arsenene‐based materials but also suggested promising applications in future optoelectronic and thermoelectric devices, as well as in the quantum spin Hall devices via surface functionalization and modulation of interlayer interactions. With an aim to present a comprehensive review on the tunable electronic structures of 2D arsenene‐based materials, our focus is placed on the tailoring routes through surface functionalization to modify the electronic and optoelectronic properties of the arsenenes. An emphasis is also given to recent progress in designing topological states in arsenene monolayers. The challenges and outlooks are also laid out in aspects of experimental fabrication, device performance, and arsenene‐based chemical reactions.This article is categorized under:

Structure and Mechanism > Computational Materials Science
Electronic Structure Theory > Density Functional Theory