bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of a three‐day training course in endoscopic submucosal dissection using a live porcine model: a prospective evaluation
Authors: Chapelle Nicolas , Musquer Nicolas , Métivier-Cesbron Elodie , Luet Dominique , Volteau Christelle , Le Rhun Marc , Coron Emmanuel 
Published: July 2018

BackgroundEndoscopic submucosal dissection is currently regarded as the method of choice for the resection of superficial tumours. The objective of our study was to evaluate prospectively the efficiency of an endoscopic submucosal dissection training course using live anaesthetised pigs.MethodsFourteen novice endoscopists participated in three gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection training courses on anaesthetised pigs. Each trainee resected five ‘fake’ antral lesions. Resected specimen sizes, endoscopic submucosal dissection speeds and the complication rate were evaluated prospectively.ResultsAmong the 70 procedures performed, 58 could be analysed. There was a strong increase in endoscopic submucosal dissection speed (from 9.7 mm2/minute to 30.4 mm2/minute) during the sessions, marked between the first two endoscopic submucosal dissections compared with the fourth and fifth. There was a significant relation between the surface area of the resected lesion and procedure speed (P < 0.0001). The complication rate was 8.6%.ConclusionThere is a clear benefit from endoscopic submucosal dissection training courses on animal models. Improved endoscopist capability is evident from the third endoscopic submucosal dissection. These data validate the indispensable nature of dedicated training courses and echo the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy proposition for multistep learning, beginning on animal models.
Capability of low-temperature SQUID for transient electromagnetics under anthropogenic noise conditions
Authors: Rochlitz Raphael , Queitsch Matthias , Yogeshwar Pritam , Günther Thomas , Chwala Andreas , Janser Sascha , Kukowski Nina , Stolz Ronny 
Published: July 2018

Transient electromagnetics (TEM) is a well-established method for mineral, groundwater, and geothermal exploration. Superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID)-based magnetic-field receivers used for TEM have quantitative advantages and higher sensitivity compared with commonly used induction coils. Special applications are deep soundings with target depths [Formula: see text] and settings with conductive overburden. However, SQUIDs have rarely been applied for TEM measurements in environments with significant anthropogenic noise. We compared a low-temperature SQUID with a commercially available induction coil in an area affected by anthropogenic noise. We acquired four fixed-loop data sets with totally 61 receiver stations close to Bad Frankenhausen, Germany. The high sensitivity of the SQUID enables low noise levels, which lead to longer high-quality transient data compared with the induction coil. The effect of anthropogenic and natural noise sources is more critical for the coil than for the SQUID data. In the vicinity of the transmitter loop, systematic distortion of the coil signals occurs at early times, most probably caused by sferic interferences. We have developed 1D inversion results of both receivers that matched well in general. However, the SQUID-based models were more consistent and showed greater depths of investigation. This led to a superior resolution of deeper layers and even enabled a potential detection of thin conducting targets at up to a 500 m depth. Moreover, we find that the SQUID data inversion revealed multidimensional effects within the conductive overburden. In this regard, we applied forward modeling to analyze systematic differences between inversion results of SQUID and coil data. We determine that low-temperature SQUIDs have the potential to significantly improve the reliability of subsurface models in suburban environments. Nevertheless, we recommend combined application of both types of receivers.
Prolonged exposure therapy and supportive counselling for post-traumatic stress disorder in adolescents: task-shifting randomised controlled trial
Authors: Rossouw Jaco , Yadin Elna , Alexander Debra , Seedat Soraya 
Published: July 2018

BackgroundEmpirical evidence on the effectiveness of evidence-based treatments for adolescents with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in low-resource settings is needed.AimsTo evaluate the comparative effectiveness of prolonged exposure and supportive counselling in adolescents with PTSD.MethodSixty-three adolescents (13–18 years) with PTSD were randomly assigned to receive either of the interventions comprising 7–14 sessions of treatment (trial registration in the Pan African Clinical Trials Registry: PACTR201511001345372). The primary outcome measure was PTSD symptom severity, as independently assessed on the Child PTSD Symptom Scale at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and at 3- and 6-month follow-up.ResultsParticipants receiving prolonged exposure experienced greater improvement on the PTSD symptom severity scale than those receiving supportive counselling (between group differences at post-intervention, mean 12.49, 95% CI 6.82–18.17, P<0.001; d = 1.22). A similar effect size was maintained at 3-month (d = 0.85) and 6-month (d = 1.02) follow-up assessments.ConclusionsAdolescents with PTSD experienced greater benefit from prolonged exposure treatment when provided by non-specialist health workers (nurses) in a community setting.Declaration of interestNone.
Dermatology emergencies: handy hints for the acute medical team
Authors: Sharif Jennifer , McMullen Emma 
Published: July 2018

This article will help the general physician recognize and manage acute dermatology presentations. This can be challenging for non-dermatology doctors owing partly to the difficulty in providing an extensive dermatology undergraduate education and the lack of exposure to dermatology patients. The problem is further compounded at many hospital trusts because of the lack of on-site dermatology ‘on-call’. The general physician must be able to recognize dermatology emergencies in order to provide initial management and maintain appropriate referrals to acute dermatology services. The emergency presentations discussed are erythroderma, life-threatening drug eruptions, cutaneous vasculitis, eczema herpeticum and bullous disorders.
Condors, Water, and Mining: Heeding Voices from Andean Communities
Authors: Sault Nicole 
Published: July 2018

This paper addresses the relationship between scholarship and activism, considering the obligations that ethnobiologists have to the communities we work with. I begin by describing the cultural meaning of Andean condors (Vultur gryphus) in Peru through their connections to mountains and water in various forms, and the condor’s role as guardian and protector. My research on condors led me to Indigenous beliefs and practices regarding sacred mountains and water, and from this to the threats against the environment posed by international mining operations. This discussion highlights questions concerning the scholar’s role in situations of environmental destruction and political conflict in relation to structural violence, the mass media, and climate change. At a time when those who protect the land and water are endangered around the globe, the decisions we make while conducting research carry responsibilities for the consequences of our actions, even as these consequences ripple out beyond our specific locality and our original intentions.
Strength Behavior of Sedimented Gypsum Slurry
Authors: Hasan Alsidqi , Sahdi Fauzan , Sutan Norsuzailina Mohamed , Mijan Nurul Asikin , Hamdan Sinin 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Rapid increases in the production of gypsum waste from the Flue Gas Desulphurization process necessitates that proper impoundments be built with an adequate understanding of the strength behavior of the sedimented gypsum slurry. This article presents laboratory experimental results that describe its physical characteristics and strength behavior. The physical characterization includes a particle size analysis and specific gravity of solids, which conform to ASTM standards. The strength behavior is described from a series of consolidated isotropically undrained triaxial compression tests that is performed at six levels of effective confining stress with two tests for each effective confining stress. The results and parameters are presented via critical state analyses in q-p’ and e-p’ spaces as well as a Mohr-Coulomb model. The analysis reveals two distinguishable regimes during shearing, which are classified as structured and destructured regimes, at which the sediment undergoes a change in strength behavior from being an intact structure to becoming a broken structure. A unique critical state line is found to be unparalleled with the isotropic compression line.
Climate Change and Adaptation Strategies on Cocoa Production in Ibarapa Central of Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: S. Adebiyi, , E. O. Uwagboe, , A. E. Agbongiarhuoyi, , K. A, Oluyole, , I. F Abdulkarim, , A. O. Williams, 
Published: July 2018

In spite of various efforts of improving cocoa yield and farm’s production embarked upon by cocoa farmers, the nation has recorded poor yield due to the unending activities of men which has led to global warming. In view of the relevance of cocoa in the country’s gross domestic product, there is need to sustain efforts for increase production and productivity of the sector. This research work examined the climate change and adaptation strategies on cocoa production in Ibarapa central local government area of Oyo state with sample size of 120 respondents. Data were collected from selected cocoa farmers with the aid of structured interview schedule and data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results revealed that some respondents (60.6%) were still in their active age range with abundant family labour. The findings also revealed that majority (78.9%) of the respondents are small-scale farmers with less than 5 hectares of farm size while 94.5% of the respondents plant cover crops as regular adaptation strategy. Finance was a serious constraint faced by the respondents in the use of adaptation strategies in the study area. However, a significant relationship exists between respondent age education and farm size at P<0.05. It is recommended that farmers should be properly educated on current practices that will reduce the negative impact of climate change in cocoa farming environment.
Dyskurs etyczny w kontekście mediów – „ukrywać, pokazując”, sepizacja, parafrazowanie i zamknięty obieg informacji
Authors: Kawka Maciej 
Published: July 2018

W dyskusjach aksjologicznych zwraca się uwagę na całościowy i wewnętrzny związek języka naturalnego z wartościami i ich wszechobecność jako stałych składników wszelkiego mówienia. Próby zbudowania języka wolnego od wszelkich wartości kończyły się niepowodzeniem. Jednak nie wszystko w języku jest nacechowane aksjologicznie w jednakowy sposób, a ich odkrycie i właściwe odczytanie zależy od umiejętności komunikacyjnych uczestników dyskursu i wymaga zastosowania odpowiednich procedur interpretacyjnych. W mediach pojawiają się teksty definiujące ład i chaos, sprzymierzeńca i wroga, dobro i zło, ważność i nieważność poruszanych problemów, co organizuje cały dyskurs etyczny w obrębie danej kultury i to nie tylko medialnej, ale przede wszystkich rzeczywistej. Rzeczywistość ta i my razem z nią i naszymi wartościami zostajemy wtedy zmedializowani i zaczynamy żyć nie w kręgu rzeczywistych wartości, ale w kręgu wartości wytworzonych w wirtualnej przestrzeni Internetu przez krążące w nim teksty.
Poziom samooceny u osób korzystających z różnych form internetu
Authors: Śliwak Jacek , Zarosińska Dominika , Wysocka Mariola , Partyka Józef 
Published: July 2018

Poziom samooceny u osób korzystających z różnych form internetu. Celem niniejszego opracowania jest zbadanie zależności między samooceną internautów a korzystaniem przez nich z internetu. Zagadnienie podjęto ze względu na jego aktualność. Internet i jego zasoby przyciągają uwagę większości ludzi z różnych grup wiekowych. Grupę badaną stanowiło 120 osób, spośród których 98 ma konto na portalach społecznościowych. W badaniach posłużono się Wielowymiarowym Kwestionariuszem Samooceny MSEI (służącym do badania samooceny) oraz skonstruowanym na potrzeby pracy kwestionariuszem dotyczącym korzystania z różnych form internetu. Analiza wyników nie wykazała istotnych statystycznie zależności między ogólnym poziomem samooceny a częstotliwością korzystania z internetu. Związki zauważono jednak między niektórymi wymiarami samooceny a czasem korzystania z sieci. Odkryto też korelacje istotne statystycznie między oceną własnych zdolności przywódczych a aktywnością na portalach społecznościowych.
Bronchiectases in Children: Overview of Current Clinical Guidelines
Authors: Baranov A. A. , Namazova-Baranova L. S. , Simonova O. I. , Vishneva E. A. , Selimzyanova L. R. , Sereda E. V. , Rozinova N. N. , Tzygina E. N. , Katosova L. K. , Lazareva A. V. , Gorinova Yu. V. , Kustova O. V. 
Published: July 2018

The article is devoted to bronchiectases issue in children and reflects the most actual approaches to the diagnosis and management of patients with this pathology. Information on the true prevalence of bronchiectases both abroad and in Russia varies. Wherein, bronchiectases can be either an independent disease or a manifestation of another pathology, which necessitates an integrated multidisciplinary approach not only for diagnosis but also for patient management with this pathology. The material presented by the authors is based on clinical guidelines developed and approved by the profile association of the Union of Pediatricians of Russia and aimed at raising awareness of specialists providing medical care to children.
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS AND OUTCOMES OF RETINAL HEMORRHAGES IN INFANTS: A CASE SERIES
Authors: Kogoleva Ludmila V. , Demchenko Elena N. 
Published: July 2018

Background. Retinal hemorrhages in infants are frequent pathologies, but their causes, clinical forms and functional outcomes are poorly studied. The study of hemorrhage localization in the eye structure, time frames of their resolution, and the long-term effects that may affect the development of vision is of particular interest.Objective. Our aim was to analyze clinical forms, time frames of resolution and long-term clinical and functional outcomes of retinal hemorrhages in infants.Methods. All children with retinal hemorrhages, who applied to a premature baby room in the MRI of ED n. a. Helmholtz at the age from 3 weeks to 3 months for 5 years (2011–2015), were examined using indirect ophthalmoscopy. In case of extensive lesions, the process dynamics was controlled by a pediatric digital retinal imaging system. Long-term clinical and functional outcomes of retinal hemorrhages were studied using ultrasound examination and spectral optical coherence tomography.Results. Fundus hemorrhages were revealed in 108 (5.9%) of 1,825 infants on 142 eyes (34 children had bilateral hemorrhages). Hemorrhages were more frequent in children delivered vaginally (79 children, 73.2%), were unilateral (74 children, 63.5%), pre-retinal (108 eyes, 76.1%), of central localization (119 eyes, 83.8%). The time frames of hemorrhage resolution in 53 children (49.1%) were more than one month. Long-term outcomes of retinal hemorrhages were studied in 22 children (33 eyes) at the age of 2–5 years. Residual changes in the structure of the neuroepithelium and vitreoretinal interface with a decrement in visual acuity were noted in 7 children (9 eyes).Conclusion. Retinal hemorrhages of newborns are characterized by clinical polymorphism, different time frames of resolution and outcomes, which requires a case follow-up.
SMOKING STATUS AND NUTRITION TYPE OF ADULT POPULATION: VARIETY OF MEALS. RESULTS FROM THE ESSE-RF STUDY
Authors: Karamnova N. S. , Shalnova S. A. , Deev A. D. , Tarasov V. I. , Balanova Yu. A. , Imaeva A. E. , Kontsevaya А. V. , Muromtseva G. A. , Kapustina A. V. , Evstifeeva S. E. , Drapkina O. M. 
Published: July 2018

Smoking influences nutrition type and food-related behavior of the smokers.Aim. To evaluate the specifics of adult population of Russian Federation nutrition type according to smoking status.Material and methods. Analysis was done on the representative selection of nonorganized male and female population, age 25-64 y. o. (n=22258, of those males 8519, females 13698) from 13 regions of Russia. Response about 80%. Nutrition character was assessed by the rates of food items consumption with quantitative assessment in several units. Smoking status was assessed with questionnaire with selection to the groups: non-smokers, past smokers, current smokers.Results. Most prominent differences were found on the intake of fresh vegetables and fruits, of curd, cheese, red meat, sausages, pastry and behavior of adding salt to cooked meals. In comparison with the smokers, non-smokers do more often take curd — by 38%, vegetables and fruits — by 30%, and rarer — red meat, by 25%, and sausages, by 21%; they add salt rarer — by 26%. However, pastry and sweets they eat more commonly, by 19%. With the quittance from smoking, there is increase of curd in the meals by 20%, fresh fruits and vegetables by 19%, and decrease of adding salt behavior by 26%, as by 17% — consumption of sausages and by 11% — high fat dairy (sour cream and cream). Sweets and pastry are consumed only 8% more, that distinguishes the model as healthier and more protective against NCD.Conclusion. Smoking influences negatively food related behavior, shaping the character of nutrition with higher intake of meat and sausages, saltings and adding salt behavior, lower consumption of vegetables and fruits, that should be considered in prevention events.
INFLUENCE OF PULMONARY HYPERTENSION ON CLINICAL COURSE AND PROGNOSIS OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
Authors: Avdeev S. N. , Gajnitdinova V. V. , Tsareva N. A. , Merzhoeva Z. М. 
Published: July 2018

Aim. Evaluation of clinical specifics, predictors of repeat hospitalizations and mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients according to pulmonary hypertension (PH) severity grade.Material and methods. To the study, 288 COPD patients included (II-IV severity grade, GOLD 2016; males 276, females 12; mean age 59,5±9,27 y. o., smoking 23,1±11,42 pack/years; 2,4±0,89 exacerbations annually, body mass index (BMI) 27,2±12,06 kg/m2). According to the presence and grade of systolic pressure increase in pulmonary artery (SPPA) the patients were selected to three groups: 1st — with no PH (SPPA <40 mmHg, n=168), 2nd — with moderate PH (SPPA 40-55 mmHg, n=101), 3rd — with severe PH (SPPA >55 mmHg, n=19).Results. Increase of SPPA was found in 120 (41,7%) patients: moderate PA — in 101 (35,1%), severe PH — 19 (6,6%). It was shown that the presence and severity of PH do increase the severity of clinical signs of COPD, hemodynamic disorders, increase the rate of repeat hospitalizations and mortality rate. The predictors of repeat hospitalizations in COPD patients are increased SPPA and C-reactive protein concentration (CRP); mortality predictors are severity of symptoms by CAT, Borg dyspnea, number of exacerbations during one year, size of the right atrium, grade of SPPA increase, CRP concentration, fibrinogen, N-terminal precursors of C-natriuretic peptide (NT-proCNP) and brain peptide (NT-proBNP) in the blood.Conclusion. PH in COPD patients in most cases is moderate, and it worsens the clinical picture, hemodynamic disorders, shows only moderate correlation with breathing disorders, increases the rate of rehospitalizations and mortality risk. The survival rate of COPD and PH patients depends on the severity.
Clinical assessment and follow up of post-operative outcomes in endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy: our experience
Authors: Ingale Mayur H. , Shinde Vinod V. , Kumar Ashutosh S. , Singh Harsh R. 
Published: July 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) was the gold standard for the treatment of nasolacrimal duct obstruction. The objective of the study was to assess the postoperative outcomes of endoscopic DCR.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This prospective study was conducted in Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College and Hospital Pimpri, Pune from July 2011 to September 2013. A total of 50 patients with complaints of continuous lacrimation were included in the study. All the patients underwent endoscopic DCR and they were observed for postoperative complications and outcome. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Most of the patients were in 31-40 years age group with the mean age of 33.18 years. Female dominance was observed in the study (M:F- 1:4). Postoperative complications such as epistaxis were observed in 2 cases (4.0%), nasal synechiae in 3 cases (6.0%) and postoperative crusting in 15 cases (30.0%). In 45 (90%) patients the outcome was successful at the end of 6 months and in case of 5 (10.0%) patients it was unsuccessful.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The findings of the study concluded that<strong> </strong>endoscopic DCR was a simple, safe and invasive procedure as it has direct approach to the sac, produces excellent results without any external scar.</p>
Innovation And Good Practices Of Management Studies In Open Distance Learning In Sri Lanka
Authors: V Sivalogathasan, , Abeysekara Nalin 
Published: July 2018

Universities needs to have new strategies be considered as core competency in Education sector. In the face of enormous socio-economic and demographic challenges, Sri Lankan Universities require a more advanced educational performance, providing a better contribution to innovation, competitiveness and economic growth. Universities are currently facing an increasing demand for management graduates, especially in the Open Distance Learning in Sri Lanka. To be ready for the next decade these universities must search to create added value and innovate their institutional models accordingly.
In this paper, the open and distance learning providing universities are assessed on their potential to innovate beyond flexible education towards generating new ways of academic and commercial entrepreneurship, including networked initiatives of educational and enterprise incubation. It is evident that universities cannot do without creativity, innovation and entrepreneurship: this is the engine of prosperity not only for universities, but for enterprises, economy and society as a whole