bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative investigation of therapeutic efficacy in tumor resection between robotic and open partial nephrectomy: A meta-analysis supplemented by time-series and quality-based meta-regression
Authors: Artsitas Sotirios , Artsitas Dimitrios , Koronaki Irene , Toutouzas Konstantinos G. , Zografos George C. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background: Differential tumor resection efficacy between robotic and open partial nephrectomy has been extensively explored. This study comparatively evaluates the above nephron-sparing approaches focusing on the Trifecta outcome, along with its individual components, as a metric for surgical quality assessment.
Methods: A literature review from August 2022 to August 2024 yielded 51 relevant studies. Trifecta attainment served as the primary outcome, while secondary end-points included the incidence of major and minor postoperative complications, positive surgical margin rates, the absolute ischemia duration, as well as the corresponding postoperative alterations in estimated glomerular filtration rate and plasma creatinine levels. Analyses were conducted using random-effects meta-analysis models, with subgroup analyses performed to manage heterogeneity. Additionally, meta-regression was implemented on a temporal and qualitative basis, and sensitivity analysis was carried out on the most statistically robust studies.
Results: The robotic approach exhibited clear superiority in overall Trifecta achievement, with odds ratios ranging between 1.3-1.8 and indicating a quasi-constant comparative effect over time. Major and minor complication rates, as defined by the Clavien-Dindo classification, favored robotic surgery, demonstrating odds ratios of 0.5-0.7 and 0.5-0.6, respectively. Specifically, a consistent to increasing trend of advantage was observed for severe complications over time and across qualitative measures. Conversely, a stable and significant benefit was noted for mild complications on the chronological scale. The robotic intervention also significantly impacted the estimated glomerular filtration rate, preserving an additional 2-3 ml/min/1.73m2 postoperatively compared to open surgery. However, this finding was considered of limited clinical importance due to the low magnitude of the effect. Ischemic times and positive surgical margin rates did not significantly differ between the two approaches. Finally, the findings regarding the postoperative increase in serum creatinine levels from baseline were inconclusive, with neither modality demonstrating superiority over the other.
Conclusion: Robotic partial nephrectomy surpasses open surgery in Trifecta attainment and in mitigating major and minor complications. However, the clinical significance of renal function preservation is marginal and requires further prospective investigation.
Efficient Compression of Encoder-Decoder Models for Semantic Segmentation Using the Separation Index
Authors: Jamshidi Movahed , Kalhor Ahmad , Vahabie Abdol-Hossein 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

In this paper, we present a novel approach to compressing encoder-decoder architectures for semantic segmentation tasks using the Separation Index as a guiding metric. Our main objective is to simplify model complexity without compromising performance. The proposed approach leverages the separation index to assess the significance of each connection or element within the network. In encoder-decoder models, particularly in semantic segmentation tasks, it is crucial to maintain detailed spatial information while abstracting features progressively through the layers. For this purpose, we can prune less informative layers and select the most effective filters. The separation index can help us identify critical points where feature separation is at its maximum. This method significantly reduces the number of parameters and floating-point operations while preserving the necessary detail required for accurate segmentation. We evaluated our method using three well-known datasets: CamVid, KiTS19, and the 2018 Data Science Bowl Nuclei Segmentation. The CamVid dataset showcased a step-by-step compression process, resulting in a smaller model size and parameters while maintaining competitive mean Intersection over Union values. Our comparisons with state-of-the-art methods on these datasets demonstrate substantial reductions in model complexity with minimal performance degradation. This highlights the effectiveness of our proposed method.
Temozolomide increases the generation of cell heterogeneity in ERK activity in glioma cells
Authors: Begnini Karine Rech , Marcolin Julia Caroline , Pereira Luiza Cherobini , de Souza Letícia Cunha Pereira , Lenz Guido 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

ERK activity governs diverse cellular responses and has significant implications in cancer biology and treatment. Cellular heterogeneity is a major feature of cancer and a barrier for therapy success, allowing cancer cells to adapt and survive in challenging environments. Here, we used a genetic live-cell reporter to explore the heterogeneity of ERK signaling activity within cellular populations and colonies of glioblastoma cells. Glioblastoma cells showed a wide spectrum of ERK activation levels in basal culture conditions and throughout state transitions. Treatment with the chemotherapeutic agent temozolomide increased the phenotypic heterogeneity in ERK activity within cells even in clonal populations. Using the MEK inhibitor Trametinib in combination with temozolomide to homogenize ERK activity reduced cell fitness in colonies and decreased fractional killing in GBM clonal cells. Our study contributes to the growing understanding of the complexity in ERK activity and dynamics, pointing out the consequences of cell-to-cell ERK phenotypic variability in fitness and therapy survival. The complexity of ERK signaling phenotypes in the context of chemotherapy treatment is shown, offering valuable insights about the intricacies of ERK signaling heterogeneity and chemotherapy treatment.
A Method For Telescopic Arm Deployment Driven by Step-formed Variable-Diameter Surfaces
Authors: Huisheng Yang , Yingjun Guan , Yonghui Ning , Qiang Liu , Shuai Shao , Yuhang Zhao 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Ultra-large aperture space optical sensors need high-precision deployment mechanisms for in-orbit structural reorganization, ensuring optimal imaging performance. Traditional drive methods, however, often face challenges such as low deployment efficiency, poor control, and limited accuracy. To overcome these challenges and ensure effective use in space optical sensing, this paper proposes a new method for deploying and retracting telescopic arms using stepwise varying diameter surfaces during the deployment process. First, three basic configurations are proposed for different applications: fixed internal drive, following internal drive, and fixed external drive. Using tribology principles, the preloaded contact and friction transmission mechanism between the drive wheel and the step-formed surface is analyzed. An axial driving force model is developed, with optimized interstage transition parameters to reduce force fluctuations. Sensitivity analysis is performed to explore ways to increase axial driving force, and a virtual prototype is created for simulation verification. The results demonstrate that the driving force dynamics and kinematics models align with the simulation, effectively guiding the design of variable diameter drive mechanisms. Additionally, the study reveals that the maximum interstage transition angle influences peak deployment force fluctuations, while preload torque may hinder telescopic arm movement in certain cases
Composition and Function of the Nuchal Hump of Male Xiphophorus multilineatus
Authors: Tompkins Keith , Boswell Will , Du Kang , Lai Zhao , Lu Yuan , Morris Molly R 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Nuchal humps are morphological traits that occur among vertebrate species and have multiple functions. The emergence of nuchal humps in Xiphophorus multilineatus males maintained in the laboratory, a species that does not develop humps in the wild, provided a unique opportunity to explore the development and function of this trait. The current study investigated the tissue composition of the hump and analyzed the influence of rearing temperature and diet restriction on hump development. Through histological examination and gene expression profiling our findings show that the hump is composed primarily of adipose tissue, which suggests a role in energy storage via fat deposition. Nuchal humps grew to a larger size in the cold environment (20°C) than the warm (25°C) and the differential gene expression pattern between temperature treatments suggests increased fat deposition in the cold versus warm environment. For example, the G0S2 gene which inhibits lipid catabolism is upregulated in the cold environment, and the WARS-1 gene which leads to increased fat stores when under-expressed is upregulated in the warm environment. The hypothesis that temperature influences hump development by stimulating shifts in fat metabolism is further supported by the finding that males from the warm environment used fat stores in the nuchal hump at a faster rate when placed on a restricted diet than males from the cold. The influence of temperature, diet and potentially activity levels on the fat deposition suggests X. multilineatus as an evolutionary animal model for gaining insights into the mechanisms involved in human obesity.
Preparation and evaluation of peptide-Poly (lactic-co-glycolic ancid) nanoparticle on porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection
Authors: Xu Qian , Wang Fangyu , Feng Hua , Wei Qiang , Sun Xuefeng , Xing Guangxu , Zhang Gaiping 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) can result in diarrhea, dehydration and death in suckling piglets, which has a great side effect on pig-breeding industry in China. Therefore, it is important to find an economical and effective treatment to prevent and control PEDV. Previous research has designed that peptide (P6), which bases on the S1 C-terminal domain (CTD) region of PEDV and then was conjugated to poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) by dehydration synthesis generating P6-PLGA nanoparticles. And by means of experiments such as cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blot and indirect immunofluorescence (IFA) to further study the inhibitory effect of different concentrations of P6-PLGA nanoparticles on PEDV infection. Results showed that the key amino acids for the interaction between PEDV S protein and peptide P6 are 552-Tyr, 556-Asn and 559-Gly. In addition, cell viability was > 95% when treated with P6-PLGA nanoparticles at concentrations not exceeding 1000 µg/ml. Results of the absolute quantitative PCR revealed that the concentration of P6-PLGA nanoparticles at 400 µg/ml could significantly reduce the viral load of PEDV compared with the virus group (p < 0.0001). Similarly, results of Western blot and indirect immunofluorescence also suggested that the antiviral effect of P6-PLGA nanoparticles at 400 µg/ml is still significant. In summary, the strategy that PLGA nanoparticles combined with antiviral peptides can reduce PEDV infection to a certain extent. Therefore, our data not only lay the foundation for the development of new PEDV drugs, but also provide an auxiliary comprehensive prevention and control method for the prevalence of PEDV, which is more helpful to alleviate the inconvenience caused by the development of PEDV efficient vaccines.
Enhancement of Precision in Electromagnetic Radar Exterior Wall Inspection through Model-Based Analysis of Measurement Uncertainty
Authors: Kitaura Keina , Kusaka Takashi , Honda Takumi , Tanaka Takayuki 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

A model-based approach using tile-based models was developed to estimate the depth and size of voids within exterior walls. However, during field applications with portable devices, antenna misalignment has been identified as a key factor reducing the accuracy of these estimations. To address this issue, an index was proposed to evaluate measurement uncertainty through model-based analysis, enhancing data accuracy. Additionally, data accuracy was improved by incorporating labeling from electromagnetic radar and hammering inspection results. The efficacy of the proposed method was validated through data analysis from building exterior wall inspections at construction sites, followed by comparisons of the estimated results. Notably, when classifying tiles as healthy or defective, linear separations in void depth and size increased by 0.566, while separation in void size increased by 0.563.
An Experimental Assessment of Piled Raft Foundation Under Axial and Eccentric Loading in the Scenario of Granular Soil Conditions
Authors: Aaqib Mohd , Shah Mohd Yousuf 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This study evaluates the performance of different piled raft foundation systems under axial and eccentric loading in granular soils, considering both loose and dense sand conditions. The focus is on assessing their load-bearing capacities, settlement behavior, and tilt performance. Also, this study introduces a novel comparative analysis of tilt performance under eccentric loading and demonstrates the effectiveness of geogrid reinforcement in enhancing load distribution. The results indicate that axial loading outperformed eccentric loading across all systems. The Vertical Piled Raft (VPR) showed a 59.77% higher bearing capacity in dense sand under axial loading and a 50.34% improvement in loose sand. The Battered Piled Raft (BPR) system exhibited the highest load-bearing capacity i.e. 14.36% greater than VPR and 90.48% higher than the Disconnected Piled Raft (DPR). The VPR system significantly surpassed DPR, achieving 20 mm settlement at 580 kPa, a 12.91% improvement over DPR, which settled at 420 kPa. The Geogrid-Reinforced Piled Raft (GPR) system improved load distribution, showing a 54.83% increase in bearing capacity over DPR, reaching 600 kPa. Lastly, the Connected Piled Raft (CPR) proved more effective in reducing tilt than DPR, with a tilt reduction factor (TRF) of 0.25 compared to DPR’s 0.55, limiting tilt to 0.3 degrees.
Chemically Induced Formation of C-Cu Covalent Bonds at the CVD-Graphene/Single Crystal Cu(111) Interface
Authors: Bakharev Pavel V. , Rabchinskii Maxim K. , Fatkhulloev Alisher , Hedman Daniel , Luo Da , Wang Meihui , Kim Minhyeok , Shin Tae Joo , Lee Han-Koo , Ruoff Rodney S. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Partial hydrogenation of the open surface of graphene, epitaxially grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on a Cu(111) substrate, leads to the formation of a crystalline sp³ hybridized carbon monolayer stabilized by interface C-Cu covalent bonding. This transition is reversible, with heating yielding almost complete restoration of the original graphene-copper structure. The graphene-Cu system is characterized by weak van der Waals interactions and this is the first transformation to yield C-Cu bonding. Through extensive spectroscopic characterization (Raman, X-ray photoelectron, X-ray absorption fine structure and valence-band photoemission spectroscopies) and theoretical analysis based on density functional theory (DFT), we find transformation from weak van der Waals binding in the graphene-Cu system to covalent bonding between partially (topside) hydrogenated graphene and the Cu(111) surface, with the potential to revert back to its initial physisorbed state via dehydrogenation through heating. This reversible control over the graphene-Cu interaction opens new avenues for the design and manipulation of graphene-based devices. Furthermore, this sp³ hybridized carbon monolayer, with its C-metal substrate bonds, could potentially serve as a seed layer for the growth of large-area diamond films.
Medienkompetenz und Spielkompetenz für die ‚Generation lebensunfähig‘
Authors: Holzwarth Peter , Lieger Catherine 
Published: November 2024

Der Generationenforscher Rüdiger Maas hat der jungen Generation das alarmierende Label „lebensunfähig“ attestiert – teilweise von „Helikopter-“ und „Curlingeltern“ überbehütet, mit digitalen Geräten aufgewachsen und unterhalten und vor Frustration und Langeweile geschützt (Maas, 2021; 2023). Das aktuelle Buch des Psychologen Jonathan Haidt (2024) trägt den Titel ‚Generation Angst. Wie wir unsere Kinder an die virtuelle Welt verlieren und ihre psychische Gesundheit aufs Spiel setzen‘. Wo lernen junge Menschen den kompetenten und achtsamen Umgang mit Medien? Wo lernen sie spielen und kreativ sein? Wie lernen sie, sich selbst zu spüren und mit negativen Gefühlen umzugehen, wie Langeweile und Frustration aus eigener Kraft auszuhalten und zu überwinden? Im Beitrag werden pädagogische Konzepte und Handlungsmöglichkeiten diskutiert, die sich für herausgeforderte Generationen eröffnen.
(Re)significação do amor e da felicidade
Authors: Toni Junior Claudio Noel de 
Published: November 2024

Por meio de leituras das obras de Simmel, de Eva Illouz e das pesquisas de Jardim e Moura, que vão além do que já existe, reescrevendo principalmente os clássicos citados como continuísmo de uma nova sociedade econômica dos dias de hoje, Jardim reescreve e interpreta de forma estrutural a definição de vivência social do amor com aspectos da vivência que trouxe as novas tecnologias de relacionamento, como redes sociais, dentre as quais destacam-se o Facebook e Tinder, dando continuidade ao que já existe e ampliando horizontes em uma sociedade que não é mais vista por Bourdieu, mas na qual existem ideias inovadoras em voga, como as relações entre gêneros, a relação do amor no mercado de matrimônio, de forma original, as escolhas de parceiros, os escolhidos e os rejeitados. Vivencia-se e nos chama a nos debruçar sobre a mudança social, que não é estática aos estudos clássicos. Corroboro com os avanços trazidos em uma abordagem de Toni Junior sobre Felicidade Humana, de forma subjetiva, qualitativa e quantitativa, sobre o que traz infelicidade nos sentimentos de vivência e pertencimento no mundo atual, dialogando com os estudos de Jardim e tendo como pressupostos os clássicos citados.
ANALISIS SALURAN PEMASARAN JAMBU AIR (Syzygium Aqueum) VARIETAS WULUNG DI KABUPATEN SUKOHARJO
Authors: Solikah Umi Nur , Suwardi Suwardi , Bashir Abdul , Lestari Mufida Diah 
Published: November 2024

Salah satu buah yang di budidayakan di Indonesia adalah jambu air. Jambu air merupakan tanaman yang dapat tumbuh di daerah tropis dan beriklim panas. Spesies ini juga tumbuh dengan baik di daerah basah dan lembab yang bercurah hujan tinggi setiap tahun. Selain mudah di budidayakanjambu air mampu beradaptasi karena dapat bertahan hidup pada semua jenis tanah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pola pemasaran dan margin pemasaran jambu air (Syzygium Aqueum ) varietas wulung di Kabupaten Sukoharjo. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan studi kasus. Penentuan lokasi penelitian di lakukan secara sengaja (purposive) yaitu di Desa Pranan Kecamatan Sukoharjo Kabupaten Sukoharjo, dengan pertimbangan bahwa Desa Pranan merupakan daerah penghasil jambu air warietas wulung. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilaksanakan melalui wawancara dengan responden, saluran pemasaran jambu air varietas wulung terdiri dari dua saluran, yaitu:

Petani Konsumen
Petani Pedagang pengecer Konsumen

Margin pemasaran yang diperoleh dari kedua saluran pemasaran adalah Rp.0,. berada pada saluran I dan Rp. 4.000,. berada pada saluran II.
PENGARUH DANA PIHAK KETIGA, KECUKUPAN MODAL, KREDIT BERMASALAH, DAN SUKU BUNGA KREDIT TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS BANK (STUDI KASUS BANK BUMN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI TAHUN 2015-2022)
Authors: Iradati Sulfa , Laras Asih Dessy Novitasari 
Published: November 2024

Perbankan memiliki fungsi yang krusial dalam menjaga stabilisasi perekonomian. Pada tahuln 2020 laba belrsih Bank BUlMN mengalami penurunan dibandingkan dengan tahuln selbellulmnya, yang diselbabkan olelh melmbelngkaknya biaya cadangan kelrulgian pelnulrulnan nilai (CKPN) selbagai ulpaya ulntulk melngantisipasi telrjadinya kreldit macelt. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh dari Dana Pihak Ketiga, Kecukupan Modal, Kredit Bermasalah, dan Suku Bunga Kredit terhadap Profitabilitas bank BUMN dari tahun 2015-2022. Jelnis meltodel yang digulnakan dalam pelnellitian ini adalah kulantitatif delskriptif. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Bank BUMN yang terdaftar di BEI dengan menggunakan teknik sampel total atau sensus, dimana seluruh anggota populasi dijadikan sampel. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu analisis regresi data panel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara simultan Dana Pihak Ketiga, Kecukupan Modal, Kredit Bermasalah, dan Suku Bunga Kredit berpengaruh terhadap Profitabilitas bank. Secara parsial, variabel Dana Pihak Ketiga tidak berpengaruh terhadap Profitabilitas bank, sedangkan variabel Kecukupan Modal, Kredit Bermasalah dan Suku Bunga Kredit berpengaruh secara parsial terhadap Profitabilitas bank.
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Related to Antibiotic Dispensing and Resistance among Community Pharmacists in South India
Authors: Sruthi Muggu Hema , Sudheer Akkiraju , Shill Pabittra Kumar , Hossain K. M. Soykot 
Published: November 2024

Objectives:
The study aims to assess community pharmacists’ comprehension of antibiotic resistance, investigate their perspectives on dispensing antibiotics, and examine the present practices of staff in prescribing antibiotics and patient education. It also studies the relationship between their knowledge, attitude, and behaviors.

Material and Methods:
Between March 2023 and August 2023, 200 community pharmacists from various South Indian communities participated in an observational research study. A web-based poll administered via Google Forms was used to gather the data. Spearman rank correlation and narrative statistics were used in the statistical analysis and interpretation of the data.

Results:
Most participants (56%) were aged 20–29 years, with 112 males and 88 females of the participants in this study. One hundred and seventy-eight had <5 years of experience. Analysis of pharmacist knowledge revealed misconceptions. It was observed that variables such as knowledge versus attitude correlations, had a positive significance (P = 0.419), whereas knowledge and practice (P = 0.416) and attitude and practice (P = 0.399) had a negative correlation.

Conclusion:
The study highlights knowledge gaps, misconceptions, and variations in antibiotic dispensing practices among community pharmacists. The willingness of pharmacists to engage in responsible practices and their role in combating antibiotic resistance is evident. Targeted educational interventions and collaborative efforts are essential in handling and promoting responsible antibiotic use.