bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Human Resource Practices on Intention to Leave among Generation Z- The Future Workforce
Authors: Kodithuwakku Manesha , Jusoh Mazuki , Chinna Karuthan 
Published: November 2018

The purpose of this research is to assess the impact of human resource practices on intention to leave with a mediating impact of job satisfaction among the Generation Z with respect to the telecommunication sector of Sri Lanka. Employees are the most valuable asset for any organization and making them feel satisfied and retaining them at work has become the key challenge for many companies. A study was conducted with the sample of 308 Generation Z employees working in the telecommunication sector. Exploratory Factor Analysis, Multiple Regression and Structural Equation Modeling were applied with use of SPSS and AMOS to analyze the relationships of these variables. Further, to reconfirm the findings interviews were conducted and data was gathers based on thematic analysis. However, having flexibility was most significant among all the factors which led to job satisfaction among these young employees and job satisfaction has a negative significant towards intention to leave. The outcomes of the survey results with imperial knowledge on the future workforce and how to gain employee engagement for better productivity for all organization.
Enseñanza y evaluación del Álgebra en Honduras: concepciones y prácticas docentes
Authors: Ramos Palacios Luis Armando , Casas García Luis Manuel 
Published: November 2018

La motivación para realizar esta investigación surge a raíz de los resultados presentados en los informes nacionales en cuanto al bajo nivel de rendimiento académico en Matemáticas que evidencian los estudiantes hondureños de los grados 7º, 8º y 9º de Educación Básica y por ello se pretende conocer los aspectos pedagógicos y las concepciones que tienen los docentes en relación conla enseñanza y aprendizaje del Álgebra en estos grados.El estudio, de carácter descriptivo fue realizado mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario a 471 profesores que enseñan Matemáticas en centros educativos públicos y privados de las diferentes regiones del país. Los resultados obtenidos revelan información sobre las concepciones que tienen los profesores con respecto a los bloques temáticos de mayor dificultad para enseñar, el concepto de Álgebra y su importancia y la percepción que tienen sobre su preparación para enseñar dicha materia. Indican además, elementos pedagógicos de interés como los recursos que utilizan los profesores, el tipo de actividades que proponen a sus estudiantes, la atención a ciertos estándares que deben ser enseñados en los grados en estudio, así como la percepción que tienen sobre las pruebas nacionales y sus respectivos informes de rendimiento académico.Consideramos que los resultados obtenidos son de gran interés para las organizaciones vinculadas con los procesos de apoyo a la mejora del proceso educativo en Matemáticas y para todoslos involucrados en el proceso educativo nacional a distintos niveles, por tanto, se sugiere que deben ser tomados en cuenta en los procesos de formación y capacitación de los docentes a nivel nacional.
ШОТЛАНДСКИЕ БАРДЫ И «АНГЛИЙСКИЕ» ОБОЗРЕВАТЕЛИ (ОТКЛИК НА ОТВЕТ ДВУХ КОЛЛЕГ ИЗ ПЕТЕРБУРГА), "Средние века"
Authors: Федосов Дмитрий Геннадьевич 
Published: November 2018

Статья продолжает полемику автора с двумя историками из Санкт-Петербурга по ключевым вопросам истории средневековой Шотландии и ее изучения. В отличие от оппонентов, автор относит возникновение шотландской медиевистики не к рубежу XIX-XX вв., а к XVIII в. Он отстаивает свою точку зрения по пиктскому вопросу и считает беспочвенной попытку отказа от определения «В йны за независимость Шотландии», народно-освободительный характер которых вполне подтверждается многочисленными и достоверными свидетельствами, в том числе знаменитой Арбротской декларацией, а также самим ходом военных действий и других событий. О независимости и суверенитете как главных целях шотландцев, в сущности, говорят и положения мирных договоров с Англией. В этих войнах совместно участвовали все сословия Королевства Скоттов, и основу шотландской армии всегда составляло пешее народное ополчение, а вовсе не «феодальное войско». Наконец, в настоящей дискуссии, как и всегда, тезисы, не основанные на первоисточниках, не могут быть признаны убедительными.
Anafilaxia em serviços de emergência: constante desafio para clínicos e equipe de saúde.
Authors: Pereira Luciana Jaqueline Xavier , SOUZA-MACHADO ADELMIR 
Published: November 2018

<p><span><span style="font-size: medium;">A anafilaxia é uma reação alérgica sistema grave, de início rápido e potencialmente fatal. A exposição dos indivíduos sensibilizados a determinada substancia alergênica promove a liberação de diversas citocinas e mediadores a partir de mastócitos e basófilos, causando comprometimento em vários órgãos corporais e choque. A despeito da gravidade e da intensidade das reações anafiláticas, os sinais e sintomas desta síndrome são subestimados e não são reconhecidos por pacientes e por médicos. <span> </span></span></span></p><p><span><span style="font-size: medium;">A epinefrina constitui-se no agente farmacológico crucial para o tratamento de anafilaxia, mesmo em suas formas mais leves de apresentação.</span></span></p><p><span><span style="font-size: medium;">Palavra-chave: anafilaxia, morte, choque, reações alérgicas graves.</span></span></p>
Advances in 4D Printing: Materials and Applications
Authors: Kuang Xiao , Roach Devin J. , Wu Jiangtao , Hamel Craig M. , Ding Zhen , Wang Tiejun , Dunn Martin L. , Qi Hang Jerry 
Published: November 2018

Abstract4D printing has attracted tremendous interest since its first conceptualization in 2013. 4D printing derived from the fast growth and interdisciplinary research of smart materials, 3D printer, and design. Compared with the static objects created by 3D printing, 4D printing allows a 3D printed structure to change its configuration or function with time in response to external stimuli such as temperature, light, water, etc., which makes 3D printing alive. Herein, the material systems used in 4D printing are reviewed, with emphasis on mechanisms and potential applications. After a brief overview of the definition, history, and basic elements of 4D printing, the state‐of‐the‐art advances in 4D printing for shape‐shifting materials are reviewed in detail. Both single material and multiple materials using different mechanisms for shape changing are summarized. In addition, 4D printing of multifunctional materials, such as 4D bioprinting, is briefly introduced. Finally, the trend of 4D printing and the perspectives for this exciting new field are highlighted.
Antibodies@MOFs: An In Vitro Protective Coating for Preparation and Storage of Biopharmaceuticals
Authors: Feng Yifan , Wang Huanrong , Zhang Sainan , Zhao Yu , Gao Jia , Zheng Yunyi , Zhao Peng , Zhang Zhenjie , Zaworotko Michael J. , Cheng Peng , Ma Shengqian , Chen Yao 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAntibodies have emerged as a fast‐growing category of biopharmaceuticals that have been widely applied in scientific research, medical diagnosis, and disease treatment. However, many antibodies and other biopharmaceuticals display inferior biophysical properties, such as low stability and a propensity to undergo aggregation. Enhancing the stability of biopharmaceuticals is essential for their wide applications. Here, a facile in vitro protective coating strategy based on metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) is proposed to efficiently protect antibodies against perturbation environments and quickly recover them from the MOFs before usage, which avoids introducing protective additives into the body, which may cause biosafety risks. The protected antibodies exhibit extraordinary thermal, chemical, and mechanical stabilities, and they can survive for long‐term storage (>3 weeks) under severe temperature variation (4 ↔ 50 °C) at a fast ramp rate (25 °C min−1). More importantly, the encapsulated antibodies can be easily released as quickly as 10 s with high efficiency (≈100%) to completely remove the MOFs before use. This study paves a new avenue for the facile preparation and storage of biopharmaceuticals represented by antibodies under ambient or perturbation conditions, which may greatly broaden and promote the applications of both MOFs and biopharmaceuticals.
Mixed Lead–Tin Halide Perovskites for Efficient and Wavelength‐Tunable Near‐Infrared Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Qiu Weiming , Xiao Zhengguo , Roh Kwangdong , Noel Nakita K. , Shapiro Andrew , Heremans Paul , Rand Barry P. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractNear‐infrared (NIR) light‐emitting diodes (LEDs), with emission wavelengths between 800 and 950 nm, are useful for various applications, e.g., night‐vision devices, optical communication, and medical treatments. Yet, devices using thin film materials like organic semiconductors and lead based colloidal quantum dots face certain fundamental challenges that limit the improvement of external quantum efficiency (EQE), making the search of alternative NIR emitters important for the community. In this work, efficient NIR LEDs with tunable emission from 850 to 950 nm, using lead–tin (Pb‐Sn) halide perovskite as emitters are demonstrated. The best performing device exhibits an EQE of 5.0% with a peak emission wavelength of 917 nm, a turn‐on voltage of 1.65 V, and a radiance of 2.7 W Sr−1 m−2 when driven at 4.5 V. The emission spectra of mixed Pb‐Sn perovskites are tuned either by changing the Pb:Sn ratio or by incorporating bromide, and notably exhibit no phase separation during device operation. The work demonstrates that mixed Pb‐Sn perovskites are promising next generation NIR emitters.
Physicochemical and Tribological Performance of Bi‐Component Supramolecular Gel Lubricants
Authors: Zhang Jiaying , Bai Yanyan , Yu Qiangliang , Ma Zhengfeng , Liu Qinze , Zhou Feng , Liu Weimin , Cai Meirong 
Published: November 2018

AbstractHere, reported is a new, simple, and nonsynthetic way of in situ preparation of bi‐component supramolecular gel lubricants, which are formed by supramolecular self‐assembly of bis(2‐ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT) and aromatic acid derivatives via the noncovalent interaction in the base lubricating oil. The formation mechanism of the gel lubricant was investigated by experimental and theoretical calculations. The results of 1H nuclear magnetic resonance, ultraviolet, and molecular dynamics simulations show that they formed a network structure through intermolecular hydrogen bonding and π–π stacking, thereby solidifying the base oil to form gel. The rheological and thermal analysis results show that these gels have shear thinning, creep recovery, and excellent thermal stability, and such characteristics make them potential as a lubricant for special mechanical working conditions. Indeed, tribological data also show that compared with commercial mineral oil 500SN, the gel lubricant has excellent lubricity, anti‐wear, and load‐carrying capacity, which is attributed to the introduction of the anionic surface active agent AOT molecules. Quartz crystal microbalance and X‐ray photoelectron spectrometer characterization proves that AOT forms an effective adsorption film and tribochemical reaction film on the contact surface in the process of friction.
Silicon Oxide‐Rich Diamond‐Like Carbon: A Conformal, Ultrasmooth Thin Film Material with High Thermo‐Oxidative Stability
Authors: Mangolini Filippo , McClimon J. Brandon , Segersten Justin , Hilbert James , Heaney Patrick , Lukes Jennifer R. , Carpick Robert W. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSilicon oxide‐containing diamond‐like carbon (a‐C:H:Si:O) films are a promising class of protective coatings for environmentally‐demanding applications owing to their lower residual stresses and superior thermal stability and oxidation resistance relative to undoped diamond‐like carbon. However, existing versions of a‐C:H:Si:O deposited by traditional methods such as plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) undergo substantial degradation and oxidation at temperatures above 250 °C. This, together with the difficulty of PECVD in depositing conformal coatings on complex geometries such as high‐aspect‐ratio features, has limited the applicability of a‐C:H:Si:O. Here, the unique capabilities of plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition (PIIID) to grow silicon oxide‐rich diamond‐like carbon materials that are ultrasmooth, continuous, and conformal on high‐aspect‐ratio topographies are explored. The high concentration of silicon and oxygen in PIIID‐grown films (23 ± 5 at.% and 11 ± 4 at.%, respectively) is unrivalled for this class of materials, and drastically increases the resistance to oxidation at high temperatures, compared with PECVD‐grown films. The results open the path for using a‐C:H:Si:O in applications involving exposure of materials to extreme environments.
Screen‐Printed, Low‐Cost, and Patterned Flexible Heater Based on Ag Fractal Dendrites for Human Wearable Application
Authors: Zeng Pan , Tian Bin , Tian Qingyong , Yao Weijing , Li Mengxiao , Wang Huanjun , Feng Yu , Liu Li , Wu Wei 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAchieving all‐printed, low‐cost, and large area electronic devices poses challenging requirements in employing printing technologies and conductive materials for flexible and wearable heaters. In this work, fully printed, scalable, and patterned flexible heaters based on Ag fractal dendrites (FDs) are fabricated through straightforward screen printing technology. The Ag FDs possess low sheet resistance with ≈0.83 Ω sq−1 when sintered at low temperature of 60 °C. The Ag FDs are directly printed on thin polyethylene terephthalate substrate to manufacture flexible heaters, exhibiting excellent heating performance with the saturation temperature up to ≈135 °C and rapid response time within 35 s under 4 V DC voltage. In addition, the Ag FDs heaters present lower power consumption (≈209.67 °C cm2 W−1), which is significantly better than traditional indium tin oxides (ITO) heaters (≈88 °C cm2 W−1). The sheet resistance of the devices remains stable after 2000 bending cycles with a radius of 10 mm, indicating that the outstanding mechanize stability of the heaters. Moreover, a large area (12 cm × 5 cm) heater with designable pattern is developed and attached to human body, indicating a bright future in next‐generation fully printed and wearable heating electronics application.
3D Printing of Flexible Liquid Sensor Based on Swelling Behavior of Hydrogel with Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Li Xiangjia , Yang Yang , Xie Benshuai , Chu Ming , Sun Haofan , Hao Siyang , Chen Yiyu , Chen Yong 
Published: November 2018

AbstractFlexible sensors with accurate detection of environmental stimuli (e.g., humidity and chemical substances) have drawn increasing research interests in biomedical engineering and environmental science. However, most work is focused on isotropic sensing of liquid occurrence due to the limitation of material development, sensor design, and fabrication capability. 3D printing is used to build multifunctional flexible liquid sensors with multimaterials enabling anisotropic detection of microliquid droplets, and described herein. Electrical conductive composite hydrogels capable of detecting chemical liquid are developed with poly (ethylene diacrylate) (PEGDA) and multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT). Due to the absorption of the liquid droplet and related swelling behavior, the resistance of PEGDA/MWCNT composite hydrogel increases dramatically, while the resistance of pure PEGDA hydrogel decreases significantly. Based on the two composite hydrogels and the related 3D printing method, a mesh‐shaped liquid sensor that can effectively identify the position and volume of liquid leakage in a short time is developed. Furthermore, a three‐layered liquid sensor to enable bidirectional monitor and detection of the liquid leakage in two different sides is demonstrated. The 3D‐printed liquid sensor offers a distinctive perspective on the potential applications in various fields for detection of liquid leakage in accurate position and direction.
Synthesis of Benzimidazoles through Palladium‐Catalyzed Amination of 2‐Iodobenzimines with Diaziridinone
Authors: Ma Ding , Ji Xiaoming , Wu Zhuo , Cheng Cang , Zhou Bo , Zhang Yanghui 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAn efficient approach for the synthesis of benzimidazoles has been developed through the Pd‐catalyzed amination of 2‐iodobenzimines with diaziridinone. A wide range of 2‐(hetero)aryl benzimidazloes are synthesized in good to excellent yields. The reactions likely involve C,C‐palladacycles derived from 2‐iodobenzimines as the key intermediate, and the palladacycles reacted with diaziridinone to form benzimidazoles.magnified image
Palladium Dimer Supported on Mo2CO2(MXene) for Direct Methane to Methanol Conversion
Authors: Sun Xiang , Gao Yijing , Zhao Chenxia , Deng Shengwei , Zhong Xing , Zhuang Guilin , Wei Zhongzhe , Wang Jian‐guo 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe direct conversion of methane to methanol remains a great challenge due to the difficulty of methane activation. Based on density functional theory calculations, the adsorption property and structure stability of supported Pd monomer and dimer are compared, and then Mo2CO2(MXene)‐supported Pd dimer is chosen as a catalyst to study the process of methane partial oxidation to methanol via oxygen dissociation, proton transfer, and hydrogen spillover reaction pathways, respectively. Calculation results show that, unlike Pd monomer, Pd dimer can provide the multiple adsorption sites for activation and adsorption of methane and oxygen, which is beneficial for the direct process of methane to methanol. Notably, the proton transfer pathway of undissociated oxygen with rate‐determining step of C–H bond dissociation can easily occur on Pd2/Mo2CO2. And this process avoids the extra energy required for oxygen dissociation. Our calculations provide a new design strategy with supported Pd dimer catalyst for direct methane conversion into methanol.
A True Random Number Generator Using Threshold‐Switching‐Based Memristors in an Efficient Circuit Design
Authors: Woo Kyung Seok , Wang Yongmin , Kim Jihun , Kim Yumin , Kwon Young Jae , Yoon Jung Ho , Kim Woohyun , Hwang Cheol Seong 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA true random number generator (TRNG) based on the stochastic delay and relaxation times of the threshold switching (TS) behavior in a Pt/HfO2/TiN memristor is proposed. The stochasticities of this device are attributed to its electron trapping and detrapping processes. This electronic‐switching‐based memristor exhibits several advantages, such as low power consumption and high reliability. A new circuit is designed to improve the simplicity, miniaturization, and lifetime of TRNG. The bitstreams collected from this TRNG pass the National Institute of Standards and Technology randomness tests without postprocessing, verifying the feasibility of adopting the memristor in hardware security applications. The bit generation rate in this work is sufficient for encryption applications requiring low power and low speed.
Mechanisms for Enhanced State Retention and Stability in Redox‐Gated Organic Neuromorphic Devices
Authors: Keene Scott Tom , Melianas Armantas , van de Burgt Yoeri , Salleo Alberto 
Published: November 2018

AbstractRecent breakthroughs in artificial neural networks (ANNs) have spurred interest in efficient computational paradigms where the energy and time costs for training and inference are reduced. One promising contender for efficient ANN implementation is crossbar arrays of resistive memory elements that emulate the synaptic strength between neurons within the ANN. Organic nonvolatile redox memory has recently been demonstrated as a promising device for neuromorphic computing, offering a continuous range of linearly programmable resistance states and tunable electronic and electrochemical properties, opening a path toward massively parallel and energy efficient ANN implementation. However, one of the key issues with implementations relying on electrochemical gating of organic materials is the state‐retention time and device stability. Here, revealed are the mechanisms leading to state loss and cycling instability in redox‐gated neuromorphic devices: parasitic redox reactions and out‐diffusion of reducing additives. The results of this study are used to design an encapsulation structure which shows an order of magnitude improvement in state retention and cycling stability for poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)/polyethyleneimine:poly(styrene sulfonate) devices by tuning the concentration of additives, implementing a solid‐state electrolyte, and encapsulating devices in an inert environment. Finally, a comparison is made between programming range and state retention to optimize device operation.
Bridging the Surface Charge and Catalytic Activity of a Defective Carbon Electrocatalyst
Authors: Tao Li , Qiao Man , Jin Rong , Li Yan , Xiao Zhaohui , Wang Yuqing , Zhang Nana , Xie Chao , He Qinggang , Jiang Dechen , Yu Gang , Li Yafei , Wang Shuangyin 
Published: November 2018

AbstractElectrocatalysis is dominated by reaction at the solid–liquid–gas interface; surface properties of electrocatalysts determine the electrochemical behavior. The surface charge of active sites on catalysts modulate adsorption and desorption of intermediates. However, there is no direct evidence to bridge surface charge and catalytic activity of active sites. Defects (active sites) were created on a HOPG (highly oriented pyrolytic graphite) surface that broke the intrinsic sp2‐hybridization of graphite by plasma, inducing localization of surface charge onto defective active sites, as shown by scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM) and Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM). An electrochemical test revealed enhanced intrinsic activity by the localized surface charge. DFT calculations confirmed the relationship between surface charge and catalytic activity. This work correlates surface charge and catalytic activity, providing insights into electrocatalytic behavior and guiding the design of advanced electrocatalysts.
Enantioselective C(sp3)–H Amidation of Thioamides Catalyzed by a CobaltIII/Chiral Carboxylic Acid Hybrid System
Authors: Fukagawa Seiya , Kato Yoshimi , Tanaka Ryo , Kojima Masahiro , Yoshino Tatsuhiko , Matsunaga Shigeki 
Published: November 2018

AbstractRecent advances in CpxMIII catalysis (M=Co, Rh, Ir) have enabled a variety of enantioselective C(sp2)−H functionalization reactions, but enantioselective C(sp3)−H functionalization is still largely unexplored. We describe an asymmetric C(sp3)−H amidation of thioamides using an achiral CoIII/chiral carboxylic acid hybrid catalytic system, which provides easy and straightforward access to chiral β‐amino thiocarbonyl and β‐amino carbonyl building blocks with a quaternary carbon stereocenter.
Bildung und Reaktivität eines Aluminabenzol‐Liganden an Seltenerdmetall‐Pentadienyl‐Komplexen
Authors: Barisic Damir , Schneider David , Maichle‐Mössmer Cäcilia , Anwander Reiner 
Published: November 2018

AbstractDie halboffenen Seltenerdmetall‐Aluminabenzol‐Komplexe [(1‐Me‐3,5‐tBu2‐C5H3Al)(μ‐Me)Ln(2,4‐dtbp)] (Ln=Y, Lu) sind über eine Salzmetathese‐Reaktion unter Verwendung von Ln(AlMe4)3 und K(2,4‐dtbp) zugänglich. Die Umsetzung des Yttrium‐Komplexes mit B(C6F5)3 und tBuCCH ermöglicht den Zugang zum Pentafluorphenylalan‐Komplex [{1‐(C6F5)‐3,5‐tBu2‐C5H3Al}{μ‐C6F5}Y{2,4‐dtbp}] bzw. dem gemischten Vinylacetylid‐Komplex [(2,4‐dtbp)Y(μ‐η1:η3‐2,4‐tBu2‐C5H4)(μ‐CCtBu)AlMe2].
Catalytic Atropenantioselective Heteroannulation between Isocyanoacetates and Alkynyl Ketones: Synthesis of Enantioenriched Axially Chiral 3‐Arylpyrroles
Authors: Zheng Sheng‐Cai , Wang Qian , Zhu Jieping 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe report herein the first examples of catalytic enantioselective synthesis of axially chiral 3‐arylpyrroles. Reaction of α‐isocyanoacetates with β‐aryl‐α,β‐alkynic ketones in the presence of silver oxide and a phosphine ligand derived from Cinchona alkaloid occurred chemoselectively to afford enantioenriched 3‐arylpyrroles in high yields with excellent enantiomeric excesses. The pyrrole ring was constructed de novo in this process.