bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adverse Events After Atherectomy: Analyzing Long‐Term Outcomes of Endovascular Lower Extremity Revascularization Techniques
Authors: Ramkumar Niveditta , Martinez‐Camblor Pablo , Columbo Jesse A. , Osborne Nicholas H. , Goodney Philip P. , O'Malley A. James 
Published: June 2019

Background
The long‐term effectiveness of atherectomy treatment for peripheral arterial disease is unknown. We studied 5‐year clinical outcomes by endovascular treatment type among patients with peripheral arterial disease.

Methods and Results

We queried the Medicare‐linked VQI (Vascular Quality Initiative) registry for endovascular interventions from 2010 to 2015. The exposure was treatment type: atherectomy (with or without percutaneous transluminal angioplasty [
PTA]
), stent (with or without
PTA
), or
PTA
alone. The outcomes were major amputation, any amputation, and major adverse limb event (major amputation or any reintervention). We used the center‐specific proportions of atherectomy procedures performed in the 12 months before a patient's procedure as the instruments to perform an instrumental‐variable Cox model analysis. Among 16 838 eligible patients (median follow‐up: 1.3–1.5 years), 11% underwent atherectomy, 40% received
PTA
alone, and 49% underwent stenting. Patients receiving atherectomy commonly underwent femoropopliteal artery treatment (atherectomy: 65%;
PTA
: 49%; stenting: 43%;
P
<0.001) and had worse disease severity (Trans‐Atlantic Inter‐Society Consensus score [TASC] B and greater; atherectomy: 77%;
PTA
: 68%; stenting: 67%;
P
<0.001). The 5‐year rate of major adverse limb events was 38% in patients receiving atherectomy versus 33% for
PTA
and 32% for stenting (log rank
P
<0.001). Controlling for unmeasured confounding using instrumental‐variable analysis, patients treated with atherectomy experienced outcomes similar to those of patients treated with
PTA
, except for a higher risk of any amputation (hazard ratio: 1.51; 95%
CI
, 1.08–2.13). However, compared with stenting, atherectomy patients had a higher risk of major amputation (hazard ratio: 3.66; 95%
CI
, 1.72–7.81), any amputation (hazard ratio: 2.73; 95%
CI
, 1.60–4.76), and major adverse limb event (hazard ratio: 1.61; 95%
CI
, 1.10–2.38).

Conclusions
Atherectomy is used to treat severe femoropopliteal and tibial peripheral arterial disease even though long‐term adverse outcomes occur more frequently after this treatment modality.
Effect of Ticagrelor Versus Clopidogrel on Aortic Stiffness in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Vlachopoulos Charalambos , Georgakopoulos Christos , Pietri Panagiota , Ioakeimidis Nikolaos , Koutouzis Michael , Vaina Sophia , Aznaouridis Konstantinos , Toutouzas Konstantinos , Latsios George , Terentes‐Printzios Dimitrios , Rigatou Aggeliki , Tousoulis Dimitris 
Published: June 2019

Background
We compared the acute and midterm effect of ticagrelor versus clopidogrel on aortic stiffness.

Methods and Results

We studied 117 patients in a randomized, assessor‐blinded, parallel‐group trial. The acute effect of ticagrelor was studied in 58 patients randomized (1:1) to receive a loading dose of clopidogrel (600 mg) or ticagrelor (180 mg). Carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity (cf
PWV
) was measured before, 3, and 24 hours after the loading dose. The midterm effect (30‐day treatment period) was studied in 59 subjects who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention and were randomized to either clopidogrel (75 mg, OD) or ticagrelor (90 mg BID). cf
PWV
was measured before and at 30 days of treatment. Circulating markers of inflammation and endothelial function were measured at all study points. Repeated‐measures analysis showed a significant main effect for treatment (
P
=0.03), with the ticagrelor showing a reduction in cf
PWV
after treatment. cf
PWV
at 24 hours was significantly lower in the ticagrelor group compared with the clopidogrel group (
P
=0.017) (maximal response reduction by 0.42±0.26 m/s). At 30 days, cf
PWV
decreased in the ticagrelor group, whereas there was no change with clopidogrel (−0.43±0.57 versus 0.12±0.14 m/s,
P
=0.004). There were no significant changes in both the acute and midterm study period in the pro‐inflammatory and endothelial function parameters.

Conclusions

URL
:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier:
NCT
02071212. Ticagrelor decreases cf
PWV
for 24 hours after the loading dose and at 1 month post–percutaneous coronary intervention compared with clopidogrel. Considering that aortic stiffness is an independent predictor of cardiovascular events, this finding may have clinical implications regarding the beneficial effect of ticagrelor.

Clinical Trial Registration

URL
:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT02071212.
Effect of Edaravone on Neurological Symptoms in Real-World Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Kobayashi Susumu , Fukuma Shingo , Ikenoue Tatsuyoshi , Fukuhara Shunichi , Kobayashi Shotai ,   on behalf of the Japan Stroke Data Bank
Published: June 2019

Background and Purpose—
In Japan, nearly half of ischemic stroke patients receive edaravone for acute treatment. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of edaravone on neurological symptoms in patients with ischemic stroke stratified by stroke subtype.

Methods—
Study subjects were 61 048 patients aged 18 years or older who were hospitalized ≤14 days after onset of an acute ischemic stroke and were registered in the Japan Stroke Data Bank, a hospital-based multicenter stroke registration database, between June 2001 and July 2013. Patients were stratified according to ischemic stroke subtype (large-artery atherosclerosis, cardioembolism, small-vessel occlusion, and cryptogenic/undetermined) and then divided into 2 groups (edaravone-treated and no edaravone). Neurological symptoms were evaluated using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). The primary outcome was changed in neurological symptoms during the hospital stay (ΔNIHSS=NIHSS score at discharge−NIHSS score at admission). Data were analyzed using multivariate linear regression with inverse probability of treatment weighting after adjusting for the following confounding factors: age, gender, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure at the start of treatment, NIHSS score at admission, time from stroke onset to hospital admission, infarct size, comorbidities, concomitant medication, clinical department, history of smoking, alcohol consumption, and history of stroke.

Results—
After adjusting for potential confounders, the improvement in NIHSS score from admission to discharge was greater in the edaravone-treated group than in the no edaravone group for all ischemic stroke subtypes (mean [95% CI] difference in ΔNIHSS: −0.46 [−0.75 to −0.16] for large-artery atherosclerosis, −0.64 [−1.09 to −0.2] for cardioembolism, and −0.25 [−0.4 to −0.09] for small-vessel occlusion).

Conclusions—
For any ischemic stroke subtype, edaravone use (compared with no use) was associated with a greater improvement in neurological symptoms, although the difference was small (<1 point NIHSS) and of limited clinical significance.
Multilevel Models to Estimate Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Curves for Individual Cardiovascular Risk Evaluation
Authors: Olmastroni Elena , Baragetti Andrea , Casula Manuela , Grigore Liliana , Pellegatta Fabio , Pirillo Angela , Tragni Elena , Catapano Alberico Luigi 
Published: June 2019

Background and Purpose—
The value of carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT)—a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis—in defining the cardiovascular risk is still debated. The aim of this study was to estimate standard cIMT progression, adjusting values over time for the main cardiovascular risk factors, in a sample of low-to-moderate cardiovascular risk subjects, to identify normative cIMT progression values.

Methods—
From the progression of lesions in the intima of the carotid cohort, we selected subjects who underwent 4 planned serial clinical evaluations and ultrasound cIMT determinations, on average every 4 years. Subject taking glucose-lowering therapies in secondary cardiovascular prevention or with cardiovascular risk score >5 were excluded from the analysis. The growth of cIMT across the study period (12 years) was assessed by use of individual growth curve modeling within multilevel models.

Results—
A total of 1175 (36% men; mean age, 53±11 years at baseline) participants at low/intermediate cardiovascular risk have been included in this analysis. A significant and marked slope of the mean and maximum cIMT growth curves (β=0.009 and β=0.012, respectively) was observed, confirming that it is a function of age. A stratified analysis by decades of age highlighted a nonlinear cIMT progression over time. In addition, different patterns of cIMT development between sex were observed. Finally, different slopes in mean and maximum cIMT curves, with a significant spread since the fifth decade, were observed in the cIMT growth curve models of subjects developing multifocal carotid atherosclerosis compared with the rest of the population.

Conclusions—
These findings proved that the rate of change in cIMT over time is a sign of the development of atherosclerosis, which cannot be a priori assumed linear. These data, therefore, support the clinical relevance of these growth curve models for cIMT progression to be considered as useful tool to identify subjects with faster atherosclerosis progression and thus at increased cardiovascular risk.
Music Information Retrieval in Live Coding: A Theoretical Framework
Authors: Xambó Anna , Lerch Alexander , Freeman Jason 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Music information retrieval (MIR) has a great potential in musical live coding because it can help the musician–programmer to make musical decisions based on audio content analysis and explore new sonorities by means of MIR techniques. The use of real-time MIR techniques can be computationally demanding and thus they have been rarely used in live coding; when they have been used, it has been with a focus on low-level feature extraction. This article surveys and discusses the potential of MIR applied to live coding at a higher musical level. We propose a conceptual framework of three categories: (1) audio repurposing, (2) audio rewiring, and (3) audio remixing. We explored the three categories in live performance through an application programming interface library written in SuperCollider, MIRLC. We found that it is still a technical challenge to use high-level features in real time, yet using rhythmic and tonal properties (midlevel features) in combination with text-based information (e.g., tags) helps to achieve a closer perceptual level centered on pitch and rhythm when using MIR in live coding. We discuss challenges and future directions of utilizing MIR approaches in the computer music field.
Daemons in the Cave
Authors: Bonazzi Mauro 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The aim of the paper is to provide a unitary reading of Plutarch’s De genio Socratis by concentrating on the character of Epameinondas. Against those who claim that the philosophical speeches are the main theme of the dialogue, it is argued that Epameinondas, one of the speakers, also plays an active role in the liberation of Thebes. Against those who insist on the political action alone, it is shown that Epameinondas’ commitment is not the same as that of the other conspirators. His goal—like that of Plato and Socrates (as they are represented in the text)—is to take care of his fellow citizens, and lead them to moral virtue, in accordance with the divine order. This idea may appear piously unrealistic, but it clearly illustrates the merits and limits of Plato’s political philosophy.
Hearing the λόγος
Authors: Klavan Spencer A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractI examine here an arresting and poorly understood pair of fragments (Phld. Mus. 4.34.2-8, 115.26-35) in which the Stoic Diogenes of Babylon refers to ‘scientific sense perception’ (ἐπιστηµονικὴ αἴσθησις). Previous studies of this phrase have focussed on its attribution by Sextus Empiricus to Plato’s nephew, Speusippus. But Sextus is likely mistaken in crediting the phrase to the Academy. I argue that ‘scientific sense perception’ is best interpreted as Diogenes’ contribution to Stoic epistemology in an effort to defend the ἦθος theory of musical affect against attacks from its detractors. By identifying a hitherto unnoticed reference to Aristoxenus of Tarentum, I show that Diogenes used ἐπιστηµονικὴ αἴσθησις to give ἦθος theory new intellectual viability in the Hellenistic schools. Using the concept of ‘scientific sense perception’, the Stoic could have supported the claim that those trained in harmonic science may directly perceive ethical and emotional content even in wordless music.
Thinking Materially: Cognition as Extended and Enacted
Authors: Overmann Karenleigh A. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Human cognition is extended and enacted. Drawing the boundaries of cognition to include the resources and attributes of the body and materiality allows an examination of how these components interact with the brain as a system, especially over cultural and evolutionary spans of time. Literacy and numeracy provide examples of multigenerational, incremental change in both psychological functioning and material forms. Though we think materiality, its central role in human cognition is often unappreciated, for reasons that include conceptual distribution over multiple material forms, the unconscious transparency of cognitive activity in general, and the different temporalities of metaplastic change in neurons and cultural forms.
Individual Choose-to-Transmit Decisions Reveal Little Preference for Transmitting Negative or High-Arousal Content
Authors: van Leeuwen Florian , Parren Nora , Miton Helena , Boyer Pascal 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Research on social transmission suggests that people preferentially transmit information about threats and social interactions. Such biases might be driven by the arousal that is experienced as part of the emotional response triggered by information about threats or social relationships. The current studies tested whether preferences for transmitting threat-relevant information are consistent with a functional motive to recruit social support. USA residents were recruited for six online studies. Studies 1a and 1B showed that participants more often chose to transmit positive, low-arousal vignettes (rather than negative, high-arousal vignettes involving threats and social interactions). Studies 2A and 2B showed higher intentions to transmit emotional vignettes (triggering disgust, fear, anger, or sadness) to friends (rather than to strangers or disliked acquaintances). Study 4 showed a preference for transmitting stories that participants had modified and were therefore novel and unique. Studies 2A and 3 (but not Studies 2B and 4) suggest that motivations for seeking social support might influence transmission preferences. Overall, the findings are not easily accounted for by any of the major theories of social transmission. We discuss limitations of the current studies and directions for further research.
Fan and Non-Fan Recollection of Faces in Fandom-Related Art and Costumes
Authors: Reysen Stephen , Plante Courtney N. , Roberts Sharon E. , Gerbasi Kathleen C. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We compared face recognition of humans and fandom-themed characters (art and costumes) between a sample of furries (fans of anthropomorphic animal art) and non-furries. Participants viewed images that included humans, drawn anthropomorphic animals, and anthropomorphic animal costumes, and were later tested on their ability to recognize faces from a subset of the viewed images. While furries and non-furries did not differ in their recollection of human faces, furries showed significantly better memory for faces in furry-themed artwork and costumes. The results are discussed in relation to own-group bias in face recognition.
First records of two squat lobsters (Decapoda, Galatheidae) from Korea
Authors: Lee Sang-Hui , Lee Sang-Kyu , Kim Sa Heung , Kim Won 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Two galatheids, Allogalathea elegans (Adams & White, 1848) and Phylladiorhynchus pusillus (Henderson, 1885), are newly reported from Korean waters in material from around Jeju Island. The two genera, Allogalathea Baba, 1969 and Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 are also reported from Korea for the first time. Now, the known Korean galatheids consist of six species belonging to three genera. Illustrations and diagnostic descriptions of the two newly recorded species are given herein.
Husserl and Gurwitsch on Horizonal Intentionality: The Gurwitch Memorial Lecture 2018
Authors: Moran Dermot 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Gurwitsch is the philosopher of consciousness par excellence. This paper presents a systematic exposition of Aron Gurwitsch’s main contribution to phenomenology, namely his theory of the ‘field of consciousness’ with its a priori structure of theme, thematic field, margin (halo and horizon). I present Gurwitsch as an orthodox defender of Husserlian descriptive phenomenology, albeit one who rejected Husserl’s reduction to the transcendental ego and Husserl’s overt idealism. He maintained with Husserl the priority of consciousness as the source of all meaning and validity but he rejected Husserl’s transcendental idealism in favour of a ‘levels of existence’ approach. Gurwitsch’s project was to show the continuity between Gestalt psychology (stripped of its naturalism) and Husserlian eidetics. I explain his concepts of theme, thematic field, margin and horizon as a consistent development of Husserlian thought. I conclude by claiming that neither Gurwitsch nor Husserl fully appreciate how the horizons of an entity can support radical novelty and the application of entirely new contexts.
Is Music a Language?
Authors: Abel Mark 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMarxists regard works of art as meaningful, and look for political meanings in apparently non-political literature, films and paintings. But where does music’s meaning lie? The conventional view is that music is non-referential, capable only of supporting other artforms or of expressing emotions. Adorno rejects the idea of music as a language of emotions, and does not believe that music has universal grammatical and syntactical rules. Yet he claims that music has language characteristics which make it as political as other artforms. What does he mean, and is he right? To answer those questions, we need to know how he understands language. This article examines how Adorno’s view compares with the Marxist theory of language and consciousness developed by Valentin Voloshinov, and explores the extent to which approaching music from this direction might clarify a Marxist understanding of music and contribute to solving the thorny question of musical meaning.
Conjunctive adverbs in Ancient Greek
Authors: Jiménez Delgado José Miguel 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Conjunctive adverbs have generally been neglected in Ancient Greek grammars. In this language, textual cohesion is mostly assured by a battery of connective particles. While connective particles exhibit fixed position, conjunctive adverbs show a certain degree of positional variability. They usually take initial position, as well as medial position when preceded by a preposed constituent. Final position is very rare and most instances are due to ellipsis. This is comparable to the early phases of the development of similar adverbs in other languages.
Zekhut Imahot: Mothers, Fathers, and Ancestral Merit in Rabbinic Sources
Authors: Gribetz Sarit Kattan 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Rabbinic sources develop the theological concept of ancestral merit, the idea that the merits of parents, especially fore-parents, continue to offer their descendants favor in the eyes of God. The term zekhut avot is often translated as “merit of the fathers.” In this article, I ask: to whom does “avot,” in the term zekhut avot, refer? I argue that the concept of zekhut avot encompassed the biblical matriarchs in addition to the patriarchs, though this fact has often gone unnoticed or been deemphasized in modern scholarship, and that the terms “maʿaseh imahot” and “zekhut imahot” appear alongside “maʿaseh avot” and “zekhut avot” in the sources. I argue further that the figure of Rachel stands most prominently among the matriarchs whose merit assists her descendants, parallel to Abraham’s binding of Isaac as the paradigmatic event that accrued patriarchal merit. I conclude by offering historical and literary reasons for this development in rabbinic sources.
Amerasia: European Reflections of an Emergent World, 1492-ca. 1700
Authors: Horodowich Elizabeth , Nagel Alexander 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The association of America and Asia dominated the geographical imagination of Europe for well over a century after 1492. Narratives and representations of myriad texts, maps, objects, and images produced between 1450 and 1700 reveal a vision of a world where Mexico really was India, North America was an extension of China, South America was populated by a variety of biblical and Asian sites, and American cultural productions and ethnographic features colored conceptions of Asia. While the Amerasian imaginary was later suppressed by Eurocentric and colonialist narratives, here we consider various representations of Amerasia in order to bring it back into visibility. Doing so reveals various forms of mirroring at play, permitting us to understand one of the mechanisms by which Europeans assimilated a dizzying array of new knowledge to their pre-existing conceptual order, and also offering insights into early modern European conceptions of global geography and modernity.
Noise and Silence in Rwanda’s Postgenocide Religious Soundscape
Authors: Grant Andrea Mariko 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis article explores conflicts around noise and silence in Rwanda’s postgenocide religious soundscape. After the genocide, new Pentecostal (or abarokore) churches grew rapidly in the country and offered up noise and a specific understanding of praise and worship music (guhimbaza Imana) as important ways to enact healing. However, Catholics emphasised silence and viewed the new Pentecostal churches as distracting interlopers. Far from being trivial differences, I argue that these conflicts around sound hint at wider divides in Rwandan society and a worrying new convergence between religious and ethnic identity. Focusing on aural conflicts between Christian denominations can therefore help us gain a better sense of the limits of Pentecostal conversion. Instead of assuming that Pentecostals are necessarily ‘noisy’, I suggest we pay closer attention to the ways in which they may also cultivate silence, and how this relates to wider power structures.
Religion as a Predictor for the Support of Judicial Human Rights?
Authors: Ziebertz Hans-Georg 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Human rights are the cornerstones of modern liberal democracies, but this does not mean that they can be taken for granted. Human rights need the support of the people. But how willing are people to support them? This question points to the problem of the legitimacy of human rights. This research paper focuses on judicial human rights such as freedom from torture, the rights of accused persons and the inviolability of the home. A quantitative, empirical survey was carried out among 2,244 German youth in the age group of 16 years, and this paper explores what attitudes these young German respondents have towards the rights referred to above. The assumption is that several other factors influence attitudes towards judicial rights; the paper considers human dignity, which is a constitutional right in Germany, but also religious beliefs, personality traits and society’s socio-political perception. The findings show that only two judicial rights (freedom from torture and the inviolability of the home) are positively valued by the respondents. From all predictors included in the research survey, the two strongest are sex (being female) and a low degree of authoritarianism. The comparison of religious groups shows that Muslims differ strongly from Catholics, Protestants and non-religious youth.