bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lexicographical Resources for Mountaineers: A Usage Survey
Authors: Leuckert Sven 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Lexicographical resources for mountaineers in the Anglophone world have been created at least since the mid-19th century, but very little is known about their usage. This article presents the results of a usage survey distributed primarily among mountaineers in North America and the United Kingdom. The results show that practicality seems most important for most survey participants, with search engines representing the preferred tool to look up word meanings. Some participants, however, still prefer (directly) consulting lexicographical online or, in some cases, print resources, and the importance of knowing relevant terminology appears to be almost undisputed. Ordinal logistic regression models reveal that a variety of factors, including, among others, climbing experience, have an influence on user preferences in terms of dictionary usage and related questions.
First record of a white phenotype Egyptian weasel (Mustela subpalmata) in Tahta, Sohag, Egypt
Authors: Hayder Firas , Madikiza Zimkitha J.K. , Awad Mohamed G. , Do Linh San Emmanuel 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Aberrant pelage colourations have been occasionally detected in carnivores, including mustelids. However, to our knowledge, no cases of leucism have been reported in the genus Mustela to date. On May 1, 2024, an Egyptian weasel (Mustela subpalmata) killed by locals was discovered and photographed in the town of Tahta, Egypt. The specimen exhibited predominantly white fur on its left side and head. Although eye colour was not inspected, the normal lip colouration, dirty white fur hue, and dark brown tail tip suggest a case of leucism rather than albinism. Leucism is often linked to inbreeding caused by population isolation or size reduction, which could arise through urban development, considering that roads can act as social and physical barriers to gene flow. Genetic studies are needed to elucidate the population dynamics and conservation implications for urban Egyptian weasels.
Random attractors of Kirchhoff-type reaction–diffusion equations without uniqueness driven by nonlinear colored noise
Authors: Zhang Zhang , Yao Xiaobin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this article, we consider the asymptotic behavior of solutions for the Kirchhoff-type reaction–diffusion equations driven by a nonlinear colored noise defined on unbounded domains. We prove the existence and uniqueness of pullback random attractors by the uniformly estimate.
Binomial convolution sum of divisor functions associated with Dirichlet character modulo 8
Authors: Jin Seokho , Park Ho 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this article, we compute binomial convolution sums of divisor functions associated with the Dirichlet character modulo 8, which is the remaining primitive Dirichlet character modulo powers of 2 yet to be considered. To do this, we provide an explicit expression of a general modular form of even weight for

Γ

0

(

32

)

{\Gamma }_{0}\left(32)

in terms of its basis, and use an identity of Huard, Ou, Spearman, and Williams. As an application, we also compute the number of representations by quadratic forms under parity conditions.
Dynamics in a predator-prey model with predation-driven Allee effect and memory effect
Authors: Zhang Huiwen , Jin Dan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this article, a diffusive predator-prey model with memory effect and predation-driven Allee effect is considered. Through eigenvalue analysis, the local asymptotic stability of positive constant steady-state solutions is analyzed, and it is found that memory delay affects the stability of positive constant steady-state solutions and induces Hopf bifurcation. The properties of Hopf bifurcating periodic solutions have also been analyzed through the central manifold theorem and the normal form method. Finally, our theoretical analysis results were validated through numerical simulations. It was found that both memory delay and predation-driven Allee effect would cause the positive constant steady-state solution of the model to become unstable, accompanied by the emergence of spatially inhomogeneous periodic solutions. Increasing the memory period will cause periodic oscillations in the spatial distribution of the population. In addition, there would also be high-dimensional bifurcation such as Hopf–Hopf bifurcation, making the spatiotemporal changes of the population more complex.
Hebrew Dreams in the Berlin of Yesterday: German-Jewish Symbiosis Fantasy on the City’s Streets in Lifney Hamakom by Haim Be’er and Avedot by Lea Goldberg
Authors: Krohn-Borojovich Noam 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article examines Berlin’s urban space as represented in the novels Lifney Hamakom by Haim Be’er and Avedot by Lea Goldberg. Based on close reading as well as distant reading methods (mapping, annotation, and visualization), the article argues that, despite being written in different periods, both novels are similar in their representation of space: neither novel depicts Berlin as an actual living city or as a concrete setting for their plots. Rather, in both novels Berlin’s space is seen as a symbol for a German-Jewish fantasy of symbiosis: cosmopolitanism in the spirit of Bildung. Poetically, however, this impression takes two different forms: while Avedot freezes the city as an image of potential symbiosis, Lifney Hamakom is significantly affected by the mass of symbols of the city’s space.
Impact of temperature on the brightening of neutral and charged dark excitons in WSe2 monolayer
Authors: Kipczak Łucja , Zawadzka Natalia , Jana Dipankar , Antoniazzi Igor , Grzeszczyk Magdalena , Zinkiewicz Małgorzata , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Potemski Marek , Faugeras Clément , Babiński Adam , Molas Maciej R. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Optically dark states play an important role in the electronic and optical properties of monolayers (MLs) of semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides. The effect of temperature on the in-plane-field activation of the neutral and charged dark excitons is investigated in a WSe2 ML encapsulated in hexagonal BN flakes. The brightening rates of the neutral dark (X
D) and grey (X
G) excitons and the negative dark trion (T
D) differ substantially at particular temperature. More importantly, they weaken considerably by about 3–4 orders of magnitude with temperature increased from 4.2 K to 100 K. The quenching of the dark-related emissions is accompanied by the two-order-of-magnitude increase in the emissions of their neutral bright counterparts, i.e. neutral bright exciton (X
B) and spin-singlet (T
S) and spin-triplet (T
T) negative trions, due to the thermal activations of dark states. Furthermore, the energy splittings between the dark X
D and T
D complexes and the corresponding bright X
B, T
S, and T
T ones vary with temperature rises from 4.2 K to 100 K. This is explained in terms of the different exciton–phonon coupling for the bright and dark excitons stemming from their distinct symmetry properties.
Designing rotational motion of charge densities on plasmonic nanostructures excited by circularly polarized light
Authors: Ichiji Naoki , Ishida Takuya , Morichika Ikki , Oue Daigo , Tatsuma Tetsu , Ashihara Satoshi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Rotational motion of charges in plasmonic nanostructures plays an important role in transferring angular momentum between light and matter on the nanometer scale. Although sophisticated control of rotational charge motion has been achieved using spatially structured light, its extension to simultaneous excitation of the same charge motion in multiple nanostructures is not straightforward. In this study, we perform model calculations to show that spatially homogeneous circularly polarized (CP) light can excite rotational charge motions with a high degrees of freedom by exploiting the rotational symmetry of the plasmonic structure and that of the plasmon mode. Finite-difference time-domain simulations demonstrate selective excitation of rotational charge motion for both isolated nanoplates and periodic array structures, showing that complex charge rotations can be manipulated by plane CP waves in a wide range of plasmonic structures.
On the nature of the selectivity of oxygen delignification
Authors: Sjöström Jenny , Lindström Mikael E. , Vikström Tomas , Esteves Cláudia V. , Henriksson Gunnar , Sevastyanova Olena 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This work has focused on oxygen’s role in the delignification process within the context of pulp production. We have investigated the role of oxygen in a complex set of chemical reactions taking place during this process, including both oxidative and non-oxidative reactions. This study explores the impact of pH changes during the oxygen delignification process and the characteristics of the resulting pulps. Additionally, this research examines the effect of oxygen, by comparing conventional oxygen delignification with trials using air and nitrogen. Industrial softwood kraft pulps with a kappa number of 35 were subjected to delignification for 20–120 min under alkaline conditions. The resulting pulps were assessed for kappa number, intrinsic viscosity, fiber charge, and ISO brightness. An important observation from this research is the reduction in lignin molecular weight upon exposure to oxygen and air, suggesting depolymerization reactions facilitated by oxygen species, whereas nitrogen exposure results in less pronounced changes. This finding underscores the impact of oxygen in altering lignin structure, thus informing the selectivity and effectiveness of the delignification process.
Study on the properties of ground film paper prepared from lactic acid-modified cellulose
Authors: Ma Jiahao , Wang Yuzheng , Hao Yang , Sun Yanan , Song Xiaoming , Gao Shanshan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Lactic acid impregnated ground film paper was prepared using the method of lactic acid impregnation of raw paper. The physical properties, chemical composition, crystallinity, thermal stability, surface morphology of the paper, barrier properties, and light transmittance of the lactic acid paper were investigated using FT-IR, XRD, TGA, SEM, water vapor blocking, oxygen blocking, mechanical properties testing, and optical property testing. Results showed that at room temperature (20 °C), when lactic acid concentration was 100 %, reaction time was 48 h, and 100 °C high temperature drying prepared lactic acid paper, it exhibited superior performance: dry strength of 2.83 IkN/m, wet strength of 0.36 kN/m, Cobb value of 4.50 g/m2, tear of 359.42 mN, water vapor barrier of 693.46 g m−2 24 h−1, and oxygen barrier of 933.43 cm3 m−2 24 h−1. Degradation rate reached 22.94 % after two weeks of soil landfill.
Data-driven identification of situated meanings in corpus data using Latent Class Analysis
Authors: Rosemeyer Malte 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIdentifying the meanings of grammatical elements in context is a major challenge for corpus-linguistic studies of grammatical variation. This study proposes a novel solution to this problem. I describe the situated meanings of grammatical elements as latent constructs, i.e., social concepts that cannot be observed directly but need to be inferred from the way that speakers behave. I use Latent Class Analysis (LCA) to create a data-driven typology of meanings for three modal periphrases in spoken Spanish and compare this typology to manual classification of the data in terms of modality. My findings show that (a) the situated meanings identified by the LCA do not directly correspond to the modal meanings that are commonly assumed to govern the variation between the three periphrases, and (b) the data-driven typology of meanings explains better the variation between these periphrases.
Abelard’s Ontology of Forms: Some New Evidence from theNominalesand theAlbricani
Authors: Hansen Heine 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis article concerns existents as a contentious issue in contemporary Abelardian scholarship. More precisely, it concerns the ontological standing of forms in Abelard’s metaphysics. Take, for example, the apple on my desk. What ontological standing does its redness have? Is it an actual entity over and above the apple or is it in some sense “reducible” to it? Abelard, famously, was a nominalist, so the question is not about some purported universal redness. Rather, it is about the particular redness of the particular apple on my desk. The issue is contentious in that the best current accounts of Abelard’s metaphysics disagree strongly about how to answer this question. Here, rather than focusing on Abelard’s own writings – which so far have yielded no definitive answer – I will consider some anonymously transmitted and mainly unedited logical texts from the twelfth century and show how his contemporaries understood Abelard’s view and how the followers of his philosophical nemesis, Alberic of Paris, reacted to it.
Toward a definition of valence as a quantity (IUPAC Technical Report)
Authors: Karen Pavel , Armelao Lidia , Butler Ian S. , Tomišić Vladislav , Yamashita Makoto 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Valence has a rich history in chemistry, as a bonding concept, in terms of quantitative context, and as a true quantity. In the latter, a survey preceding this project revealed differing perceptions of valence values and helped formulate candidate definitions. This IUPAC task group evaluated nine quantities behind eight alternative definitions on 39 chemical entities of 48 bonding formulas, each giving a set of meaningful values with mutual relationships. Given the reflection principle of IUPAC normative work, 15 comparative examples with high variation of these alternative valences for an element were selected, and chemistry articles in English searched for valence-termed quantities of the compared compounds to imply the definition behind the stated valence value, the frequency of such use, and the chemistry field. Summarized preferences for the alternative definitions show two main areas of use. Organic and physical chemists count valence as a number of two-electron bonds at the atom. Inorganic chemists working with semi-metallic and metallic elements use n-valent as an adjective for oxidation state. The diverse yet infrequent use cannot be covered by a single definition of the valence quantity. Clarity in articles that use valence as a quantity is essential and achievable by stating the intended context.
The Impact of IT-Technologies on the Re-actualization and Research of a Once Forgotten Cultural Phenomenon: Ukrainian Epigraphic Embroidery in the Digital World
Authors: Brovarets Tetiana 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Today’s digital world inevitably affects both the study of culture and the processes taking place in culture itself. Such a widespread phenomenon of Ukrainian folk culture of the first half of the twentieth century as epigraphic embroidery (textile products with embroidered folk songs, proverbs, etc.) has not attracted significant attention for several decades. Now, largely thanks to digital technologies, embroidered inscriptions are being updated in Ukraine. This paper is devoted to the influence of IT-methods (particularly, the principles and structure of the Interactive Index of Folklore Formulas (Epigraphic Embroidery)) on cultural studies. The main idea of the Index is to quickly find all the items that contain a specific formula which helps to analyze the changes in a specific embroidered plot as accurately as possible. Also, the paper reviews Internet re-actualization (“new life”) of century-old embroidered products as their photos are used as a means of communication in social networks.
Simultaneous Battles and Sequential Battles in Bargaining Models of War
Authors: Nakao Keisuke 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A war consists of multiple battles, yet the theoretical literature of International Relations has given little attention to how battles relate within a war. By integrating two ultimatum games with private information played by an Aggressor and a Defender, we develop bargaining models of war with two structures: (i) parallel war, where battles occur simultaneously in two domains, as the Aggressor can access both directly; and (ii) series war, where a battle in one domain (e.g., sea) precedes a battle in another (e.g., land), as the Aggressor must first control the former domain to instigate conflict in the latter. In a theoretical comparison between parallel and series wars, we demonstrate that although series war imposes structural disadvantages on the Aggressor, series war is more likely to break out than parallel war under broad circumstances. If prewar bargaining of series war fails, the Aggressor may infer that future bargaining is also likely to fail, leading him to take a greater risk of war when issuing an ultimatum. Such dynamics are absent in parallel war. We also discuss further developments in theories of war (182 words).
Pressurized IntraThoracic Aerosol Chemotherapy (PITAC) directed therapy of patients with malignant pleural effusion and pleural metastasis
Authors: Hansen Pernille Schjødt , Graversen Martin , Detlefsen Sönke , Ainsworth Alan Patrick , Mortensen Michael Bau 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Pressurized IntraThoracic Aerosol Chemotherapy (PITAC) has been suggested as a new therapy for patients with malignant pleural effusion (MPE) and/or pleural metastasis (PLM). The patients have a poor prognosis with a median survival of 3 to 12 months. We present feasibility, patient safety, and cytological/histological response assessment in PITAC-treated patients with MPE and/or PLM.

Methods
Patients eligible for PITAC and treated at Odense PIPAC Center were included. PITAC was performed in lateral decubitus or prone position under double-lumen endotracheal tube ventilation to allow exclusion of the lung if necessary. After positioning of the ultrasound-guided trocar, the second trocar is inserted by video-assisted thoracoscopy. MPE was evacuated and measured. Pleural lavage was performed if no or small amounts of MPE were present. MPE or pleural lavage fluid was analyzed cytologically. Visible PLM was biopsied and sent for histology assessment using a four-tiered Thoracic Regression Grading Score (TRGS). After a walkthrough of the safety checklist, the chemotherapy was nebulized followed by 30 min of passive diffusion. The chemotherapy and chemotherapy-saturated air was evacuated through a closed bag and ventilation system.

Results
We report data on 11 intended PITACs in five patients. Nine PITACs were completed and two PITACs were discontinued due to intraoperative complications or technical reasons. Response evaluation was available in three patients: one showed complete response (TRGS 1) and another stable disease (TRGS 2). Cytology was available from two patients: one showed conversion from malignant to benign. The 30-day mortality was zero.

Conclusions
PITAC appears to be safe and feasible.
The Reception of Luhmann in the Sociology of Law in Brazil
Authors: Schwartz Germano 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Since the 1980s, Niklas Luhmann has been a debated figure in Brazilian law, influencing court decisions and legal doctrine in books. This study aims to delineate the path through which Luhmann’s theory has been absorbed by the Brazilian Sociology of Law, seeking to clarify hypotheses circulating in the academic milieu that had not been tested. The paper’s methodological focus was to utilize interviews with the four main Luhmannian authors who had published works on the subject in the 1980s and 1990s, along with a semi-structured questionnaire for members of the Brazilian
Law & Social System Network. The article also analyzes data from national open databases to infer the impact of Niklas Luhmann’s works on the Brazilian sociology of law. The results demonstrate the existence of over two hundred Luhmannian theses and dissertations in Brazilian sociology, a high frequency of citations in legal articles, and resounding influence in various research groups and in Brazilian courts. The conclusions highlight specific characteristics in Brazil for the reception of the theory, emphasizing the translation of some of the author’s legal-related texts into Brazilian Portuguese as catalysts for interest in Luhmann’s work, particularly in the ways these texts were introduced by Cláudio Souto and Tercio Sampaio Ferraz Jr. This study contributes to deepen the understanding about why Luhmann’s influence on the Brazilian Sociology of Law has prevailed.
Europium spin dilution in the ferromagnetic solid solution Eu4–x
Ca
x
PdMg
Authors: Baldauf Jasper Arne , Koldemir Aylin , Pöttgen Rainer 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The intermetallic compounds Eu4PdMg and Ca4PdMg form a complete solid solution Eu4–x
Ca
x
PdMg. Further phase analytical studies showed that Eu4PdMg does not allow substitution with strontium. The polycrystalline Eu4–x
Ca
x
PdMg samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction. The structure of Eu2.233(6)Ca1.767PdMg was refined from single crystal X-ray diffractometer data: Gd4RhIn type, F

4
‾

$\bar{4}$

3m, a = 1,475.42(10) pm, wR2 = 0.0476, 674 F
2 values, 23 variables. Temperature dependent magnetic susceptibility measurements show a drastic decrease of the Curie temperature with increasing calcium substitution. 151Eu Mössbauer spectra of Eu4PdMg and Eu2Ca2PdMg confirm the divalent ground state of europium.
The stannides SrPdSn and m-BaPtSn
Authors: Bönnighausen Judith , Block Theresa , Pöttgen Rainer 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The stannides SrPdSn (TiNiSi type, orthorhombic space group Pnma) and m-BaPtSn (EuNiGe type, monoclinic space group P21/c) were synthesized from the elements in sealed tantalum ampoules in a high-frequency furnace. Their structures were refined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. SrPdSn crystallizes directly from the melt and is stable upon annealing at T = 1073 K. A BaPtSn sample quenched from the melt adopts the cubic LaIrSi-type structure, cubic space group P213 (c-BaPtSn) and shows a temperature induced (annealing at 1070 K) structural phase transition leading to a EuNiGe-type low-temperature modification m-BaPtSn. The phase transition leads to a reconstruction within the polyanionic [PtSn]
δ− network. The latter is three-dimensional and composed of ten-membered Pt5Sn5 rings in c-BaPtSn, while the polyanion is two-dimensional in m-BaPtSn and is composed of condensed Pt4Sn4 and Pt2Sn2 rings. The two-dimensional substructure leads to a strong moisture sensitivity for m-BaPtSn. The Pt–Sn distances in both modifications range from 257 to 267 pm, indicating substantial covalent bonding.
Two further members of the triclinic lanthanoid(III) chloride oxoarsenate(III) series Ln
3Cl2[AsO3][As2O5] with Ln = Eu and Gd
Authors: Schander Svetlana , Locke Ralf J. C. , Wickleder Mathias S. , Schleid Thomas 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Eu3Cl2[AsO3][As2O5] (a = 541.45(4) pm, b = 837.46(6) pm, c = 1107.56(8) pm, α = 90.059(2)°, β = 94.628(2)°, γ = 90.449(2)°) and Gd3Cl2[AsO3][As2O5] (a = 539.89(4) pm, b = 838.20(6) pm, c = 1103.10(8) pm, α = 90.056(2)°, β = 94.601(2)°, γ = 90.388(2)°) crystallize isotypically with Sm3Cl2[AsO3][As2O5] in the triclinic space group P

1
‾

$\bar{1}$

with Z = 2. Colorless, transparent, platelet-shaped single crystals of Eu3Cl2[AsO3][As2O5] and Gd3Cl2[AsO3][As2O5] were obtained by solid-state syntheses from their binary components in fused silica ampoules at temperatures around 800 °C.