bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
X chromosome gene dosage as a determinant of congenital malformations and of age-related comorbidity risk in patients with Turner syndrome, from childhood to early adulthood
Authors: Fiot Elodie , Zénaty Delphine , Boizeau Priscilla , Haignere Jérémie , Dos Santos Sophie , Léger Juliane , _ _ , _ _ , Carel J C , Cabrol S , Chanson P , Christin-Maitre S , Courtillot C , Donadille B , Dulon J , Houang M , Nedelcu M , Netchine I , Polak M , Salenave S , Samara-Boustani D , Simon D , Touraine P , Viaud M , Bony H , Braun K , Desailloud R , Bertrand A M , Mignot B , Schillo F , Barat P , Kerlan V , Metz C , Sonnet E , Reznik Y , Ribault V , Carla H , Tauveron I , Bensignor C , Huet F , Verges B , Chabre O , Dupuis C , Spiteri A , Cartigny M , Stuckens C , Weill J , Lienhardt A , Naud-Saudreau C , Borson-Chazot F , Brac de la Perriere A , Pugeat M , Brue T , Reynaud R , Simonin G , Paris F , Sultan C , Leheup B , Weryha G , Baron S , Charbonnel B , Dubourdieu S , Baechler E , Fenichel P , Wagner K , Compain F , Crosnier H , Personnier C , Delemer B , Hecart A C , Souchon P F , De Kerdanet M , Galland F , Nivot-Adamiak S , Castanet M , Lecointre C , Richard O , Jeandidier N , Soskin S , Lecomte P , Pepin-Donat M , Pierre P 
Published: April 2019

ObjectiveTurner Syndrome is associated with several phenotypic conditions associated with a higher risk of subsequent comorbidity. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of congenital malformations and the occurrence of age-related comorbid conditions and to determine whether the frequencies of congenital and acquired conditions depend on X chromosome gene dosage, as a function of karyotype subgroup.Design and methodsThis national retrospective observational cohort study includes 1501 patients. We evaluated the prevalence of congenital malformations and the cumulative incidence of subsequent specific comorbidities at five-year intervals, from the ages of 10 to 30 years, with stratification by karyotype subgroup: 45,X (n = 549), 45,X/46,isoXq (n = 280), 46,X,r(X)/46,XX (n = 106), 45,X/46,XX (n = 221), presence of Y (n = 87).ResultsMedian age was 9.4 (3.7–13.7) years at first evaluation and 16.8 (11.2–21.4) years at last evaluation. Congenital heart (18.9%) malformations were more frequent in 45,X patients, and congenital renal (17.2%) malformations were more frequent in 45,X, 45,X/46,isoXq and 46,X,r(X)/46,XX patients than in those with 45,X/46,XX mosaicism or a Y chromosome (P < 0.0001). The cumulative incidence of subsequent acquired conditions, such as thyroid disease, hearing loss, overweight/obesity, dyslipidemia and, to a lesser extent, celiac disease, glucose intolerance/type 2 diabetes, hypertension and liver dysfunction increased with age, but less markedly for patients with mosaicism than for those with other karyotypes. Patients with a ring chromosome were more prone to metabolic disorders.ConclusionThese data suggest that X gene chromosome dosage, particularly for Xp genes, contributes to the risk of developing comorbidities.
Die Reformen der Kapitalregulierung von Kreditinstituten seit der Finanzkrise
Authors: Wahrenburg Mark 
Published: April 2019

Zusammenfassung
Seit der Finanzmarktkrise wurden viele unterschiedliche Regulierungsmaßahmen umgesetzt, um die Stabilität der Banken in Krisensituationen durch die Stärkung ihrer Kapitalbasis zu erhöhen. Neben den Reformen der Eigenkapital- bzw. der Eigenmittelvorschriften zählen dazu auch die Neugestaltung der Gläubigerhierarchie und die Schaffung neuer Fremdkapitalklassen im Rahmen der MREL-/TLAC-Vorgaben. Der vorliegende Aufsatz gibt einen Überblick über die wichtigsten Stellhebel dieser Regulierungen. Er zeigt, dass neben den viel diskutierten Basler Eigenkapitalquoten vielfältige weitere Stellhebel auf die Stabilität der Banken einwirken. Anhand verschiedener Beispiele werden die Komplexität sowie vielfältige Implementierungsprobleme und Hemmnisse bei der Umsetzung der intendierten Regulierungsziele dargelegt.
Die Reformen haben die risikogewichteten Eigenkapitalanforderungen der Basler Säule 1 verstärkt und zusätzliche Eigenkapitalanforderungen im Rahmen der Neugestaltung der Säule 2 mit sich gebracht. Mit dem Europäischen Stresstest und der Verschuldungsquote wurden zusätzliche neue Regulierungen für die Eigenkapitalausstattung eingeführt. Schließlich wurde mit dem „Bail-In Fremdkapital“ eine neue Klasse von verlustabsorbierendem Fremdkapital eingeführt.
Prospekthaftung – Aktuelle Entwicklungen
Authors: Schlitt Michael , Landschein Carlos 
Published: April 2019

Zusammenfassung
Im Rahmen von Kapitalmarkttransaktionen wird regelmäßig viel Sorgfalt darauf verwandt, den bei einem öffentlichen Angebot von Wertpapieren oder ihrer Zulassung zum regulierten Markt erforderlichen Prospekt und die weiteren Vermarktungsdokumente zu erstellen. Der Emittent und die übrigen Transaktionsbeteiligten haben dabei das Ziel vor Augen, es nicht zu Schadensersatzansprüchen von Anlegern kommen zu lassen. Wird im Zuge der Transaktion ein Wertpapierprospekt veröffentlicht, geht es vor allem darum, Prospekthaftungsansprüche nicht entstehen zu lassen. Aber auch die Haftung für sonstige Vermarktungsdokumente gerät verstärkt in das Blickfeld. Nachfolgend soll eine Auswahl praktisch relevanter Konstellationen beleuchtet werden.
MiFID II/MiFIR und PRIIPs-VO: Verbraucherschutz gegen die Verbraucherinteressen? Eine regulierungsökonomische empirische Untersuchung
Authors: Paul Stephan , Schröder Nicola , Schumacher Simon 
Published: April 2019

Zusammenfassung
Auf Basis eines bundesweiten Samples von 153 Kreditinstituten und 2.852 Kunden analysiert diese Studie die wohlfahrtsökonomischen Auswirkungen von MiFID II/MiFIR und der PRIIPs-VO vor dem Hintergrund des Anleger- und Verbraucherschutzes. Im Kern steht die Kosten-Nutzen-Relation und damit die Frage, ob die aus den wertpapierrechtlichen Novellen erwachsenden Belastungen durch einen ausreichend hohen Nutzen(-zuwachs) kompensiert werden. Das ist jedoch in Summe nicht der Fall. Hohen direkten und indirekten Kosten steht ein bestenfalls zweifelhafter, tendenziell jedoch sogar negativer Nutzen entgegen. Letztlich drohen die Neuregelungen sogar, Kunden von Kapitalmarkt-Engagements abzubringen und konterkarieren so nicht nur die Zielsetzungen der Kapitalmarktunion, sondern sind auch im Sinne der privaten Vorsorgebildung bedenklich.
Özel Kurumlara Ait Huzurevlerinin Mekânsal Risklerinin Fine-Kinney Yöntemi Kullanılarak İncelenmesi: İstanbul Örneği
Authors: ÜRÜK Zerrin Funda , YILMAZ Didem , BORAN Semra 
Published: April 2019

Dünya ve Türkiye’deki nüfus hızla yaşlanmakta ve bu yaşlı nüfusun barınma ve bakımı gün geçtikçe önem kazanmaktadır. Yaşlı bireylerin barınma ve bakımları için hizmet veren huzurevleri gibi kuruluşların önemi ve dünya standartlarına uygun hizmet vermesi ülkemizde de gün geçtikçe önem kazanmıştır. Bu çalışmada; huzurevlerinde yaşayan yaşlıların yaşam standartlarını daha iyi bir düzeye çıkarmak amaçlanmıştır. İstanbul ili kapsamında özel kurumlara ait 29 huzurevi incelenmiş, kurumlardan alınan veya birebir mekânlarda tespit edilen veriler sayesinde mekânlardaki ortaya çıkan aksaklıklar değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma esnasında; huzurevlerinde yaşlı nüfusun sıklıkla kullandıkları mekânlar tespit edilmiş ve 5 ana mekânsal risk tanımlanmış ve bu riskler 47 alt risk grubuna ayrılmıştır. Mekânların alt risk gruplarının her biri Fine-Kinney Risk Değerlendirme yöntemi ile değerlendirilmiş ve en riskli mekânların verilerine ulaşılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, İstanbul’daki huzurevlerinde yaşayan yaşlı bireylerin yaşam standartlarını daha iyi bir düzeye çıkarmak için mekânlardaki risklere göre dikkat etmemiz gereken alanları tespit edip, mekânların iyileştirmeleri için öneriler sunulmuştur.
Matematik Derslerinde Matematik Tarihi Kullanımının Matematik Tutumuna Etkisi
Authors: BAŞIBÜYÜK Kani , SOYLU Yasin 
Published: April 2019

Bu çalışmada, matematik derslerinde matematik tarihi kullanımının
öğrencilerin matematiğe olan tutumlarına etkisi incelenmiştir. Araştırmada
verilerin elde edilmesi sürecinde deneysel desenlerden yarı deneysel desen
olarak değerlendirilen ön test/son test eşitlenmemiş kontrol gruplu model
kullanılmıştır. Araştırma, Erzincan ilinde bir ortaokulda farklı iki şubede
bulunan 39 sekizinci sınıf öğrencisi ve bir ortaokul matematik öğretmeni ile
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada öğrencilerin matematik tarihi uygulamaları
sonucunda matematiğe yönelik tutumlarındaki değişimi incelemek için ortaokul
öğrencilerinin matematik tutumlarını incelemeyi amaçlayan ölçek kullanılmıştır.
Elde edilen veriler Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 18) programı
kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde normallik testi
sonuçlarına göre ilgili testler kullanılmış ve gerekli değerlendirmelerde
bulunulmuştur. Matematik tutumu ilgi, kaygı, çalışma ve gereklilik olmak üzere
dört faktör altında toplanmıştır.&nbsp;
Bulgular incelendiğinde matematik tarihi uygulamalarının matematik
dersine yönelik tutumu olumlu yönde etkilediği anlaşılmaktadır
Ghrelin Physiology and Pathophysiology: Focus on the Cardiovascular System
Authors: Gruzdeva O. V. , Borodkina D. A. , Belik E. V. , Akbasheva O. E. , Palicheva E. I. , Barbarash O. L. 
Published: April 2019

Ghrelin is a multifunctional peptide hormone, mainly synthesized by P / D1 cells of the stomach fundus mucosa. Its basic effect, which is realized via GHS-R1 α receptor in the arcuate and the ventromedial nucleuses of hypothalamus, is stimulation of the synthesis of pituitary hormones. Ghrelin is involved in control of appetite and energy balance, regulation of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, cell proliferation and apoptosis, as well as modulation of functioning of gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, pulmonary and immune systems. It was found that cardiomyocytes are able to synthesize ghrelin. High concentrations of GHS-R1α in the heart and major blood vessels evidence for its possible participation in functioning of cardiovascular system. Ghrelin inhibits apoptosis of cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells, and improves the functioning of the left ventricle (LV) after injury of ischemia-reperfusion mechanism. In rats with heart failure (HF) ghrelin improves LV function and attenuates development of cardiac cachexia. In addition, ghrelin exerts vasodilatory effects in humans, improves cardiac function and reduces peripheral vascular resistance in patients with chronic HF. The review contains of the predictive value of ghrelin in the development and prevention of cardiovascular disease.
Progress and Problems of Practical Cardiology in Russia at the Present Stage
Authors: Boytsov S. A. , Demkina A. E. , Oshchepkova E. V. , Dolgusheva Yu. A. 
Published: April 2019

Mortality of the population due to diseases of the cardiovascular system is the most acute problem in Russia. According to the World Health Organization, the standardized death rate from cardiovascular diseases in the Russian Federation remains one of the highest in Europe. This review presents statistical data on morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases in the Russian Federation and analyzes the delivery of medical care to patients with these diseases in 2017. Information about activity of primary vascular departments and regional vascular centers is given. The article suggests a set of measures aimed at improvement of the provision of medical care to patients with cardiovascular diseases.
Impact of Diabetes Mellitus and blood glucose levels on the results of treatment of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions
Authors: Bessonov I. S. , Kuznetsov V. A. , Ziryanov I. P. , Sapozhnikov S. S. , Potolinskaya Yu. V. 
Published: April 2019

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of diabetes mellitus (DM) and glucose levels on the results of treatment of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs). Materials and methods. Data were collected from all patients (n=1280) with STEMI who were admitted to the coronary care unit and underwent PCIs from 2006 to 2015. 212 (16.6%) patients with DM were compared with 1068 (83.4%) patients without DM (non-DM group). To investigate the influence of the blood glucose levels, all patients were divided into two groups above and below the median of blood glycemia (7.52 mmol/l). Results. Thus, 634 patients with high level of blood glycemia (>7.52 mmol/l) were compared with 635 patients with low level of blood glycemia (≤7.52 mmol/l). In comparing of DM and non-DM groups there were no differences in the rate of death (5.2% vs 4.2%, р=0.526), stent thrombosis (1.4% vs 1.0%, р=0.622), recurrent myocardial infarction (MI) (1.4% vs 1.2%, р=0.813) and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) (7.5% vs 5.4%, р=0.228), which included in-hospital death, recurrent MI and stent thrombosis. The rates of angiographic success (92.9% vs 93.8%, р=0.625) and no-reflow (6.6% vs 5%, р=0.327) also were comparable between groups. The rates of death (6.3% vs 2.5%, р=0.001), MACEs (7.6% vs 4.1%, р=0.008), and no-reflow (6.9% vs 3.6%, р=0,009) were significantly higher in patients with high level of blood glycemia (>7.52 mmol/l). Angiographic success rate (95.1% vs 92.1%, р=0.029) was higher in patients with low level of glycemia (≤7.52 mmol/l). After multivariate adjustment, high level of blood glycemia (>7.52 mmol/l) remained an independent predictor of death (OR=2.28; 95% CI 1.18-4.40, р=0.014), MACE (OR=2.08; 95% CI 1.16-3.75, р=0.014) and no-reflow (OR=2.07; 95% CI 1.15-3.74, р=0.015). At the same time DM wasn’t associated with death, MACE or no-reflow. Conclusion. High level of blood glycemia was an independent predictor of death, MACE and no-reflow in patients with STEMI, undergoing PCI. The presence of DM was not associated with worse in-hospital outcomes.
Predictors for development of major cardiovascular events in elderly patients with severe and extremely severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in combination with early stages of chronic kidney disease
Authors: Bolotova E. V. , Yavlyanskaya V. V. , Dudnikova A. V. 
Published: April 2019

Aim. To study the structure of major cardiovascular events (MCVE) and to identify their independent predictors in elderly patients with severe and extremely severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in combination with early stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Materials and methods. The study included 172 elderly patients with stage 3–4 COPD associated with stage 1–2 CKD. Initially, risk factors for MCVE were identified and levels of vitamin D (25 (ОН) D) were measured for all patients. In 12 months, MCVE anamnesis was collected, and patients were divided into two groups with and without MCVE during the observation period. The risk factors for MCVE, which were significantly different between the two groups according to results of a one-way analysis, were successively included into a logistic regression for identifying independent predictors of MCVE. A ROC analysis was performed for the identified variables to identify a predictive cut-off point. Results. 21 MCVEs were observed in 8.7% (15) patients. Heart rhythm disorders (HRD) not reversed at the prehospital stage were observed in 38.1% patients; acute cerebrovascular disease and transient ischemic attack – in 23.8%, acute coronary syndrome – in 23.8%, and pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) – in 14.3%. Two MCVEs, namely, a combination of HRD not reversed at the prehospital stage and PTE, were observed in 3 (20%) patients. The ROC analysis showed that the incidence of COPD exacerbation for the previous 12 months >3 had the highest predictive value for the 12-month risk of MCVE in patients with COPD associated with early CKD (95% CI, 0.823–0.925, р=0.001). A total PROCAM score <50 (95% CI, 0.882–0.964, р=0.001); GFR ≥80 ml/min/1.73 m2 (95% CI, 0.750–0.870, р=0.001); and a level of vitamin D ≥33 ng/ml (95% CI, 0.730–0.855, р=0.001) reduced the risk for MCVE. Conclusions. In elderly patients with grade 3–4 COPD associated with stage 1–2 CKD, the development of MCVE within 12 months was determined by the incidence of COPD exacerbations for the previous 12 months >3 while a total PROCAM score <50, GFR >80 ml/min/1.73 m3 , and levels of vitamin D >33 ng/ml reduced the risk of MCVE in these patients
CbpM and CbpG of Streptococcus Pneumoniae Elicit a High Protection in Mice Challenged with a Serotype 19F Pneumococcus
Authors: Kazemian Hamid , Afshar Davoud , Garcia Ernesto , Pourmand Mohammad Reza , Jeddi-Tehrani Mahmood , Aminharati Farzaneh , Shokri Fazel , Yazdi Mohammad Hossein 
Published: April 2019

Among many pneumococcal antigens, choline-binding proteins (CPBs) display a high immunogenicity in animal models. This study aims to determine the immunogenicity of CbpM, CbpG and CbpL proteins of Streptococcus pneumoniae in a mice model.
The genes were cloned into pET21a expression vector and the recombinant proteins were produced. Mice were immunized with the purified recombinant proteins. Subsequently, the mice were challenged with S. pneumoniae ATCC 49619 (2×106 CFU) and their survival and bacterial clearances were followed 24 hours after infection. The antibody responses of the mice were determined by ELISA assay. The opsonophagocytosis assay was performed using rabbit’s sera. Passive immunization was carried out using two doses of anti-CbPs antibodies. Finally, these mice were experimentally infected with virulent bacteria and the protective effects of two doses of 10 and 100 µg/mL by monitoring the survival rate and bacterial clearance were determined at 2, 3 and 7 days after bacterial challenge.
The mice actively immunized with CbpM, CbpG and CbpL recombinant proteins showed survival rate of 100%, 85% and 75%, respectively. The survival rates among passively immunized mice groups which received100 µg/mL dose of anti-CbpM, anti-CbpG and anti- CbpL were 50%, 50% and 25%, respectively. The rates of opsonization with rabbit’s antibodies against CbpM, CbpG, and CbpL at 100 µg/mL doses was 45.6%, 14.7% and 82.3%, and at 10 µg/mL was 12.9%, 12.2% and 9.35%, respectively.
Our findings suggest that the recombinant proteins particularly CbpM and CbpG can protect the mice against pneumococcus19F serotype and effectively induce a protective antibody response. Thus, CbpG and CbpM proteins might be used as suitable vaccine candidate in pneumococcal vaccine formulations.
The Increase of pFAK and THBS1 Protein and Gene Expression Levels in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by Histamine-treated M1 Macrophages
Authors: Khosravi Mohsen , Najafi Mohammad , Amirfarhangi Abdollah , Karimi Mahdi , Fattahi Fahimeh , Shabani Mohammad 
Published: April 2019

Atherosclerosis is developed due to the formation of atheroma plaques in the coronary arteries. In this process, M1 macrophages and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are the main functional cells. Inflammatory mediators such as histamine may inflame M1 macrophages. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of M1 macrophage secretion contents on the gene and protein expression levels of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP), and thrombospondin1 (THBS1).
Whole blood samples from the six healthy subjects (stenosis<5%), and six patients (stenosis>70%) were prepared and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated. Then monocytes were differentiated into M1 macrophages using 100 ng/mL granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). The differentiated M1 macrophages were treated with histamine (10-6 M), and their secretion contents were harvested and added to the culture medium of VSMCs. The FAK, VASP, and THBS1 gene expression and protein levels were measured using RT-qPCR and western blot techniques in VSMCs, respectively.
The FAK and THBS1 gene expression levels significantly increased in VSMCs after adding secretion contents obtained from histamine-treated M1 macrophages (p=0.023 and 0.05, respectively), while significant results were not observed for VASP gene (p=0.45). In converse with the phosphorylated VASP (pVASP) (p<0.34), the phosphorylated FAK (pFAK) and THBS1 protein levels increased in VSMCs (p<0.001).
We concluded that in inflammatory conditions, the immune events could affect the macrophages by histamine. The activated macrophages could locally activate signaling
pathways via FAK and THBS1 genes that are effective in the proliferation and migration of VSMCs.
The Anti-tumoral Effect of β-D-Mannuronic Acid (M2000) as a Novel NSAID on Treg Cells Frequency and MMP-2, MMP-9, CCL22 and TGFβ1 Gene Expression in Pre-surgical Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Kashefi Sarvenaz , Ahmadi Hamid , Omranipour Ramesh , Mahmoodzadeh Habibollah , Jafarnezhad-Ansariha Fahimeh , Tofighi Zavareh Farzaneh , Mirshafiey Abbas 
Published: April 2019

With respect to the role of chronic inflammation in the induction and progression of breast cancer (BC). The relationship between tumor and tumor microenvironment may be a hopeful strategy for BC therapy. According to the effect of β-D-Mannuronic acid (M2000) as a novel non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) on BC murine model and 4T1 cell line, we started to study that was a phase II, randomized, controlled clinical trial.
24 women with BC were included in this study and were followed by fixed oral doses of M2000, 500 mg two times a day (6-8 weeks). Blood samples were collected at baseline and weeks 6-8. To compare the patterns of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), C-C motif chemokine ligand 22 (CCL22) and The transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGFβ1) gene expression and T regulatory cells (Tregs) frequency of healthy women normal controls with BC patients, a set of 10 blood samples of women healthy volunteers was collected. The gene expression was evaluated by quantitative Real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and the frequency of Tregs was assessed by flow cytometry.
Our results showed, reduction in MMP-2 (p=0.08), MMP-9 (p=0.03), CCL22 (p=0.003) and TGFβ1 (p=0.1) gene expression and Tregs frequency (p=0.01) which play a main role in the development of chronic inflammation, angiogenesis, tumorigenesis and metastasis.
Our findings demonstrated that M2000 therapy as a novel designed NSAID had valuable therapeutic effects on BC. No adverse effects were observed following the use of M2000 after 6-8 weeks.
Immunomodulatory Effects of Human Adipose Tissue-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on T Cell Subsets in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Baharlou Rasoul , Rashidi Nesa , Ahmadi-Vasmehjani Abbas , Khoubyari Mahshid , Sheikh Maryam , Erfanian Saiedeh 
Published: April 2019

Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (Ad-MSCs) have been reported to suppress the effector T cell responses and have beneficial effects on various immune disorders, like rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study was designed to investigate the effects of co-cultured Ad-MSCs on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of RA patients and healthy individuals, through assessing transcription factors of T cell subsets.
PBMCs from RA patients and healthy donors were co-cultured with Ad-MSCs with or without Phytohaemagglutinin (PHA). The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to measure the expression of T-box 21 (T-bet), GATA-binding protein-3 (GATA3), retinoid-related orphan receptor γt (ROR-γt) and forkhead box P3 (Foxp3).
Based on the results, Ad-MSCs greatly upregulated Th2 and Treg cell transcription factors, i.e., GATA3 and Foxp3 (p<0.05), and downregulated Th1 and Th17 transcription factors, i.e., T-bet and RORγt (p<0.05).
These results demonstrate that Ad-MSCs can result in an immunosuppressive environment through inhibition of pro-inflammatory T cells and induction of T cells with a
regulatory phenotype. Therefore, they might have important clinical implications for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases such as RA.