bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Reducing Depression and Anxiety in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Sun Yali , Tian Zixiao , Ma Yongfang , Zhu Qiuyue , Zheng Ruichang , Guan Yan , Zhang Xiaojie 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo assess the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) in reducing depressive and anxiety symptoms in older adults.DesignA systematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsNine databases were searched for publications up to 2 April 2024, using combinations of search terms related to depression, anxiety, ACT, older adults and randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Two researchers were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, data extraction and methodological quality evaluation, and Stata 16.0 software was used for meta‐analysis.ResultsSeven articles were included in a systematic review and six were in a meta‐analysis. The results indicated that, compared to the control group, ACT had a small but significant effect in reducing depressive symptom (SMD = −0.22, 95% CI, −0.38 to −0.06, p < 0.001; 576 older adults; low‐quality evidence), while it showed a small, non‐significant effect on reducing anxiety symptoms (SMD = −0.29, 95% CI, −0.73 to 0.15, p = 0.194; 576 older adults; very low‐quality evidence). Subgroup analysis based on the different control conditions may have some enlightenment on the sources of heterogeneity.ConclusionACT can be an important component of future psychotherapy for older adults, as it may alleviate depressive symptoms. However, high‐quality studies with large samples, multiple centres and long follow‐up durations should be performed to further reliably assess the treatment effects of depressive symptoms and explore potential benefits for anxiety symptoms.
MASLD, At‐Risk MASH and Increased Liver Stiffness Are Associated With Young Adulthood Obesity Without Residual Risk After Losing Obesity
Authors: van Kleef Laurens A. , Pustjens Jesse , Savas Mesut , Ayada Ibrahim , Li Pengfei , Pan Qiuwei , van Rossum Elisabeth F. C. , Janssen Harry L. A. , Brouwer Willem P. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundObesity can result in persistent metabolic changes despite weight loss, which may affect liver health. We aimed to investigate associations between young adulthood obesity and metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), at‐risk steatohepatitis and increased liver stiffness measurement (LSM) in a general population setting.MethodsWe studied NHANES 2017–2020 community‐dwelling participants aged > 40 years with BMI ≥ 18.5 and no heart failure. Weight at age 25 was obtained through questionnaires and compared to current weight. Assessment included controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and LSM. Associations between obesity status change with MASLD or at‐risk metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and increased LSM were investigated and adjusted for demographics and metabolic health.ResultsThe cohort comprised 4,580 participants (57% stable non‐obesity, 33% gained obesity, 2% lost obesity and 8% stable obesity). Compared to stable no‐obesity, stable obesity was strongly associated with MASLD (odds ratio [OR]: 5.47, 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 3.97–7.66) as was gained obesity (OR: 4.68, 95% CI: 3.93–5.59), whereas no increased risk was demonstrated for lost obesity (OR: 1.26, 95% CI: 0.76–2.10). Similar associations for stable obesity and gained obesity with at‐risk MASH and LSM ≥ 8 kPa were demonstrated. No residual risk was found for lost obesity (MASH–OR: 1.05 95% CI: 0.36–2.49; LSM ≥ 8 kPa–OR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.29–1.97). Results were consistent in sensitivity analysis where obesity change was calculated over the past 10 years and weight change was stratified in normal weight/overweight/obesity.ConclusionYoung adulthood obesity is an important risk factor for MASLD, at‐risk MASH and increased LSM among the general population aged 40–80 years. Losing obesity resulted in normalisation of odds for MASLD, at‐risk MASH and increased LSM. These findings underline the importance of preventing and treating young adulthood obesity to maintain liver health.
Born high, born fast: Does highland birth confer a pulmonary advantage for sea level endurance?
Authors: Paris Hunter L. , Baranauskas Marissa N. , Constantini Keren , Shei Ren‐Jay , Allen Peyton E. , Jadovitz John R. , Wiggins Chad C. , Storm Cooker Perkins 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLess than 7% of the world's population live at an altitude above 1500 m. Yet, as many as 67% of medalists in the 2020 men's and women's Olympic marathon, and 100% of medalists in the 2020 men's and women's Olympic 5000 m track race may have been born or raised above this otherwise rare threshold. As a possible explanation, research spanning nearly a quarter of a century demonstrates that indigenous highlanders exhibit pulmonary adaptations distinct from their lowland counterparts. These adaptations may then promote endurance performance. Indeed, healthy indigenous highlanders often exhibit a larger aerobic exercise capacity compared to sea‐level residents who travel to high altitude. However, questions remain on whether high‐altitude birth is advantageous for sea‐level competitions. In this review, we ask whether being born at a high altitude generates an ergogenic advantage for endurance performance in the Summer Olympics—a venue that is generally held at sea level. In so doing, we distinguish between three groups of high‐altitude residents: (i) the indigenous highlander, (ii) the highland newcomer, and (iii) the highland sojourner. Concentrating specifically on altitude‐induced alterations to pulmonary physiology beginning in the perinatal period, we propose that if altitude‐related maladaptations are avoided, genomic and developmental alterations accompanying highland birth may present benefits for endurance competitions at sea level.
Developing a Congenital Upper Limb Difference Registry in Australia
Authors: WILKS Daniel James , MCCOMBE David B. 
Published: November 2024

Clinical registries are increasingly common and have value in conditions such as congenital upper limb differences where collection of adequate data for scientific study can be challenging due to small numbers and clinical, surgical and psychosocial heterogeneity. This article discusses the motivation, purpose and development of the Australian Hand Differences Register before examining some of the challenges faced during its implementation and considering limitations of registry-derived data. Level of Evidence: Level V (Diagnostic)
Vitamin D Fortification: A Promising Approach to Overcome Drug Resistance and Tolerance in Therapeutic Interventions
Authors: Digvijaya  , Mittal Saurabh , Mittal Prateek , Singh Ruhi , Gupta Simran , Singh Taniya , Khan Rahmuddin , Alzobaidi Nafaa , Alhalmi Abdulsalam 
Published: November 2024

The issue of drug resistance and tolerance presents a significant challenge as it diminishes the efficacy and potency of medications, posing a formidable obstacle for physicians striving to enhance pharmacological therapy worldwide. These resistance mechanisms can arise from genetic predispositions or as a consequence of medical interventions. Notably, acquired resistance or tolerance may extend to other drugs within the same or different classes, despite differing mechanisms of action. This phenomenon leads to the ineffectiveness of various pharmacological treatments over time, hindering the attainment of complete remission for numerous illnesses spanning metabolic disorders, autoimmune diseases, carcinomas, infectious diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological disorders. Vitamin D, an essential lipid‐soluble nutrient crucial for regulating calcium and phosphorus levels, is emerging as a potential solution to counteract treatment resistance and tolerance in various conditions such as cancer, tuberculosis, and depression. This review scrutinizes existing research and offers insights for future investigations aimed at fully elucidating the therapeutic potential of vitamin D in mitigating the challenges associated with prolonged medication regimens and drug treatment failures.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01169259 and NCT04342598.
TableS6 from ETx-22, a Novel Nectin-4–Directed Antibody–Drug Conjugate, Demonstrates Safety and Potent Antitumor Activity in Low-Nectin-4–Expressing Tumors
Authors: Lopez Marc , Crompot Emerence , Josselin Emmanuelle , Farina Anne , Rubis Marion , Castellano Remy , Fares Joanna , Wehbe Maria , Collette Yves , Charafe Emmanuelle , Blanchin Stéphanie , Romagne François , Pálfi Anikó , Hechler Torsten , Pahl Andreas , Azim Hatem A. , Lhospice Florence , Mamessier Emilie , Bertucci François , Elands Jack , Préville Xavier , Olive Daniel 
Published: November 2024

<p>Supplementary Table 6 shows the summary of GLP toxicology study results </p>
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Use and Outcomes With WATCHMAN FLX: A SURPASS Analysis of the NCDR Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion Registry
Authors: Alli Oluseun O. , Garg Jalaj , Boursiquot Brian C. , Kapadia Samir R. , Yeh Robert W. , Price Matthew J. , Piccini Jonathan P. , Nair Devi G. , Hsu Jonathan C. , Gibson Douglas N. , Allocco Dominic , Christen Thomas , Sutton Brad , Freeman James V. 
Published: November 2024

Background
Left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) is increasingly used as an alternative to oral anticoagulation for stroke prevention in select patients with atrial fibrillation. Data on outcomes in racial and ethnic minority individuals are limited. This analysis assessed differences in the use and outcomes of LAAO by race and ethnicity in a large national registry.

Methods and Results
This analysis acquired data on patients who underwent WATCHMAN FLX implantation from the retrospective NCDR (National Cardiovascular Data Registry) LAAO registry through September 2022. All patients with an attempted WATCHMAN FLX implantation and known race and ethnicity were included. Baseline characteristics and 1‐year event rates were compared. A total of 97 185 patients were analyzed; 87 339 were White individuals (90%), 3750 Black individuals (3.9%), and 2866 Hispanic individuals (Hispanic/Latinx), 2.9%). Black and Hispanic patients were younger, with a higher incidence of prior stroke and significant bleeding compared with White patients. Black and Hispanic patients were treated with LAAO in smaller numbers relative to their proportion of the US population. Rates of procedural success were similar between groups. Though direct oral anticoagulants were prescribed in most patients across the groups, dual and single antiplatelet therapy were prescribed more often in Black patients. Black patients had significantly higher rates of 1‐year death and bleeding compared with White and Hispanic patients.

Conclusions
Patients from racial and ethnic minority groups comprise a disproportionately small fraction of all patients who undergo LAAO. Black and Hispanic patients were younger but had significantly higher comorbidities compared with White patients. Procedural success was similar among the groups, but Black patients experienced higher rates of death and bleeding at 1 year.
Implications of Tricuspid Regurgitation Severity in Patients Undergoing Mitral Transcatheter Edge‐to‐Edge Repair
Authors: Shechter Alon , Taheri Homa , Nagasaka Takashi , Gupta Aakriti , Kaewkes Danon , Patel Vivek , Suruga Kazuki , Dhillon Manvir , Koseki Keita , Koren Ofir , Makar Moody , Skaf Sabah , Patel Dhairya , Chakravarty Tarun , Siegel Robert J. , Makkar Raj R. 
Published: November 2024

Background
Prognostically meaningful tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is not well‐defined in the mitral transcatheter edge‐to‐edge repair arena. We aimed to explore the prevalence, correlates, and consequences of TR grades and postprocedural trends in this setting.

Methods and Results

A single‐center registry of isolated, first‐time interventions was retrospectively assessed for pre‐, intra‐, and postprocedural aspects up to 1 year, of them the primary composite outcome of all‐cause deaths or heart failure (HF) hospitalizations, all according to TR severity at baseline and at 1 month following mitral transcatheter edge‐to‐edge repair. Overall, 1287 individuals (60.3% men, age 78 [interquartile range, 69–85] years, 52.9% with functional mitral regurgitation) were included. Below‐moderate, moderate, and above‐moderate TR affected 48.4%, 29.5%, and 22.1% of patients, respectively. Increasing TR severity was accompanied by higher rates of functional, severe mitral regurgitation, greater comorbidity, and more advanced heart failure. Although not affecting technical and echocardiographic procedural success, moderate‐and‐above TR degrees were associated with higher incidence of mortality, heart failure admissions, and functional class III to IV postprocedure, with moderate‐to‐severe and greater TR independently conferring increased risk for the various outcomes (primary end point; HR, 1.36 [95% CI, 1.21–1.80];
P
=0.027). One‐month postprocedural TR severity directly correlated with, and was mostly similar to or worse than, its baseline counterpart. Rather than the change between the two, moderate‐and‐above grade at 1 month, observed in 37.1% of eligible cases, emerged as predictive of the primary outcome's risk.

Conclusions
Among patients undergoing mitral transcatheter edge‐to‐edge repair, above‐moderate TR at baseline and the closely related moderate‐and‐above TR at 1 month postprocedure are highly prevalent and signal a suboptimal course.
Dispersion of Activation in Single‐Beat Global Maps During Programmed Ventricular Stimulation Identifies Infarct‐Related Ventricular Tachycardia Isthmus Sites
Authors: Redondo‐Rodríguez Andrés , Ramos‐Prada Alba , Quintanilla Jorge G. , Calvo David , Sánchez‐González Javier , Enríquez‐Vázquez Daniel , Marina‐Breysse Manuel , Alfonso‐Almazán Jose Manuel , González‐Ferrer Juan José , Cañadas‐Godoy Victoria , Salgado‐Aranda Ricardo , Morillo Carlos A. , Pérez‐Villacastín Julián , Pérez‐Castellano Nicasio , Filgueiras‐Rama David 
Published: November 2024

Background
Electrophysiological characterization of ventricular tachycardia (VT) isthmus sites is complex and time‐consuming. We aimed at developing and validating a global mapping strategy during programmed ventricular stimulation (PVS) to reveal the underlying electrophysiological properties of the infarct‐related substrate and to enable identification of highly heterogeneous activation sites associated with protected VT isthmus sites.

Methods and Results
Experimental study that included 22 pigs with established myocardial infarction undergoing in vivo characterization of the anatomical and functional myocardial substrate associated with potential arrhythmogenicity. High‐density sequential activation maps during ventricular pacing and VT were compared with single‐beat maps using a 64‐pole basket catheter positioned in the left ventricle. Further analyses were performed using a novel local activation time‐dispersion score to identify regional activation time heterogeneities on both baseline drive pacing and each of the extrastimuli of the PVS protocol. Basket catheter splines covered a median of 81.2% of the endocardial surface of the left ventricle. Basket‐catheter‐derived single‐beat activation maps (N=16) during pacing showed a linear relationship with high‐density sequential activation maps. Induction of ventricular arrhythmias was associated with higher local activation time‐dispersion score values on single‐beat global maps during PVS (N=6, 46 arrhythmia induction attempts). Single‐beat‐derived local activation time‐dispersion score maps during successive coupled extrastimuli of the PVS showed a progressive increase in the predictive performance to identify monomorphic VT isthmus sites within the scar region (area under the curve = 0.779 in S2, area under the curve = 0.859 in S4; N=7).

Conclusions
Sixty‐four‐pole‐derived single‐beat local activation time‐dispersion score global maps during PVS identify infarct‐related endocardial regions with highly heterogeneous activation times that are associated with protected VT isthmus sites.
Food Ethics and Laudato Sí
Authors: Eaton Matthew 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Pope Francis suggests a vegetarian ethos as a potential response to overcoming anthropogenic climate change. While his motivation is the promotion of ecological health for the sake of human flourishing, this article argues that there is room in Francis’ thought for a more expansive vegetarianism that extends its concern beyond humanity to the intrinsic value of Earth and its creatures. Through an analysis of Catholic ecotheology and philosophies of value, this article suggests a pluralistic axiological approach to Catholic vegetarianism, emphasizing the theocentric, anthropocentric, ecocentric, and biocentric value of this concrete initiative aimed at ensuring both divine and creaturely flourishing.
“In a Time of Uncertainty, there Can Be No Conversion without Polemics”
Authors: de Jong Marinus 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Are polemics a useful part of theological discourse? This article argues that it is and explores the conditions and theological rationale for polemics. These are explored by means of a case study of the Dutch second-generation neo-Calvinist theologian Klaas Schilder (1890–1952). Schilder, a prolific and polemical writer, shows how theological polemics are embedded in the doctrine of God’s immanence, the church, the covenant, and the use of human reason. Schilder’s view on tension as a key motif in the Christian life further informs his argument for a polemical theology.
Doing Responsible Journalism
Authors: Semahagne Kumlachew Sileshie 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahdo Church (EOTC) represents almost half of Ethiopia’s population and is the largest Orthodox group in the world, outside Europe. It has recently faced tensions. This survey of Ethiopian journalists’ (N = 221) understanding of the church’s situation and media coverage shows that while its societal role and relationship with ethnic and other religious groups is viewed positively by most, recent attacks have put it in a position of existential threat. The main reason for this is seen to be ethnic divisions instigated by religiously motivated, systemic government intervention. Instead of bringing this to light in accordance with professional journalistic standards, the mainstream media keep the issues in the dark. While self-censorship, editorial decisions and inaccessibility of religious leaders are factors in this neglect, state interference is seen as most prominent. Social media sites and EOTC-related media were found to cover the issues adequately.
Creating a data warehouse to support monitoring of NSQHS blood management standard from EMR data
Authors: Cheng-Zarate David , Burns James , Ngo Cathy , Haryanto Agnes , Duncan Gregory , Taniar David , Wybrow Michael 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Blood management is an important aspect of healthcare and vital for the well-being of patients. For effective blood management, it is essential to determine the quality and documentation of the processes for blood transfusions in the Electronic Medical Records (EMR) system. The EMR system stores information on most activities performed in a digital hospital. As such, it is difficult to get an overview of all data. The National Safety and Quality Health Service (NSQHS) Standards define metrics that assess the care quality of health entities such as hospitals. To produce these metrics, data needs to be analysed historically. However, data in the EMR is not designed to easily perform analytical queries of the kind which are needed to feed into clinical decision support tools. Thus, another system needs to be implemented to store and calculate the metrics for the blood management national standard.

Methods
In this paper, we propose a clinical data warehouse that stores the transformed data from EMR to be able to identify that the hospital is compliant with the Australian NSQHS Standards for blood management. Firstly, the data needed was explored and evaluated. Next, a schema for the clinical data warehouse was designed for the efficient storage of EMR data. Once the schema was defined, data was extracted from the EMR to be preprocessed to fit the schema design. Finally, the data warehouse allows the data to be consumed by decision support tools.

Results
We worked with Eastern Health, a major Australian health service, to implement the data warehouse that allowed us to easily query and supply data to be ingested by clinical decision support systems. Additionally, this implementation provides flexibility to recompute the metrics whenever data is updated. Finally, a dashboard was implemented to display important metrics defined by the National Safety and Quality Health Service (NSQHS) Standards on blood management.

Conclusions
This study prioritises streamlined data modeling and processing, in contrast to conventional dashboard-centric approaches. It ensures data readiness for decision-making tools, offering insights to clinicians and validating hospital compliance with national standards in blood management through efficient design.
Influence of implantation of O2+ ions on the composition and electronic structure of the W(111) surface
Authors: Isakhanov Z. A. , Umirzakov B. E. , Nabiev D. Kh. , Imanova G. T. , Bekpulatov I. R. , Khudaykulov F. Ya. , Iskhakova S. S. , Abdiyev Kh. E. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this paper, using high-dose implantation of O2+ ions, nano-sized WO3 films were obtained on the surface and at various depths of W(111) for the first time. It has been confirmed that when O2+ ions are implanted into W at room temperature with low energy, partial formation of oxides such as WO, WO2, WO3 and WO4 occurs. It has been proved that in order to obtain a homogeneous and good stoichiometry of W oxide, it is necessary to carry out oxidation at a certain temperature. The optimal modes for obtaining hidden oxide layers in the near-surface region of tungsten, the substrate temperature W, the energy and dose of O2+ ions were determined. The concentration profiles of distributed O atoms in depth were studied for the three-layer W-WO3-W(111) system. Using scanning electron microscopy, the formation depths and thicknesses of WO3 layers were determined. The WO3 films were polycrystalline. The resulting films have potential for creating thin-film OLED displays, as well as nanofilm MOS transistors.