bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moving toward a systematic approach for reporting salivary gland cytopathology: cytohistological correlation with the application of the Milan system for risk stratification at a tertiary care center
Authors: Bhutani Namita , Sen Rajeev , Gupta Monika , Kataria SantPrakash 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIntroductionFine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of salivary glands is a well‐established technique that plays a critical role in the preoperative diagnosis of lesions. Despite its clinical utility, it remains one of the most challenging areas in cytopathology. This is because there is no consensus on how to report salivary gland cytopathology, which has resulted in inconsistent terminology and confusion in communication among cytopathologists and clinicians. A risk stratification of FNA diagnostic categories has been recently proposed to be useful in reporting.Materials and MethodsA retrospective study of FNAC of salivary gland lesions reported from 2014 to 2017 was performed. The performance of the cytology reporting system was evaluated with histological diagnosis serving as the gold standard. The aspirates were then categorized according to the Milan system. Furthermore, the risk of malignancy was calculated for all diagnostic categories.ResultsA total of 899 salivary gland aspirates were evaluated: 2.2% were nondiagnostic, 55.8% indicated nonneoplastic lesions, and 40.4% indicated neoplastic lesions. Histopathology was available for 172 cases. FNA had a sensitivity of 72.3% and a specificity of 92.6% with an overall diagnostic accuracy of 91.4% for differentiating malignant from benign tumors.ConclusionA tiered classification scheme as proposed by the Milan system may prove helpful in effectively guiding clinical management of patients with salivary gland lesions. Our experience with this system helps to pave the way for the adoption of the Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology.
Effect of behavioral marginality on survival of an alpine ungulate
Authors: Lesmerises Frédéric , Johnson Chris J. , St‐Laurent Martin‐Hugues 
Published: July 2019

AbstractInter‐individual variability in behavior has been studied extensively for a wide range of species. However, few researchers have considered marginality, defined as the degree to which a choice made by an individual is located at the margins of the distribution of all possible choices available to a particular population. We explored the influence of marginal behaviors on the probability of survival of woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou). We usedGPScollars to record the movement and fate of 43 caribou and distributed their habitat use behavior along two axes of a multidimensional scaling. We used Cox proportional‐hazards models to evaluate whether marginality had an effect on mortality risk. We found that individuals that exhibited marginal behavior had higher mortality risk than more conformist individuals. Caribou is a social species; thus, sharing a common habitat use strategy is likely an adaptation for minimizing the risk of predation. Our findings provide an empirical link between behavior and survival, contributing to our understanding of the decline ofRangiferacross much of its Canadian distribution.
Electroanalytical Determination of Cd(II) and Pb(II) in Bivalve Mollusks using Electrochemically Reduced Graphene Oxide‐based Electrode
Authors: Pizarro Jaime , Segura Rodrigo , Tapia Diego , Bollo Soledad , Sierra‐Rosales Paulina 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAn electrochemical sensor for the simultaneous determination of Cd(II) and Pb(II) by square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) in bivalve mollusks using a glassy carbon electrode modified with electrochemically reduced graphene oxide has been developed. The modified surface was characterized by cyclic voltammetry, high resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR‐SEM), and Raman spectroscopy. The optimum conditions were optimized and a linear range was observed from 15–105 μg L−1 with a limits of detection of 15 μg L−1 for Cd(II) and Pb(II). The methodology was validated and applied in different samples of commercial bivalve mollusks with satisfactory results. The high conductivity and greater surface area of the modifying agent improves the preconcentration capacity of the electrochemical sensor, allowing to develop a simple, rapid and sensitive analysis in the detection of lead and cadmium in marine resources.
Antidiabetic Drug Metformin Oxidation andin situInteraction with dsDNA Using a dsDNA‐electrochemical Biosensor
Authors: Machini W. B. S. , Fernandes I. P. G. , Oliveira‐Brett A. M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe antidiabetic drug metformin (MET) is one of a group of emerging pharmaceutical drug contaminants in the wastewater treatment plants. The electrochemical behaviour of MET−Cu(II) complex by differential pulse and square wave voltammetry, in a wide pH range, at a glassy carbon electrode modified with a carbon black dihexadecylphosphate film (CB−DHP/GCE), was investigated. The MET−Cu(II) complex oxidation showed one pH‐dependent process, which leads to the formation of an oxidation product, being oxidized at a lower potential. The electroanalytical MET−Cu(II) complex detection limit, LOD=0.63 μM, and quantification limit, LOQ=2.09 μM, were obtained, and the MET−Cu(II) complex determination in wastewater samples collected from a senior residence effluent, using the CB−DHP/GCE, was achieved. Considering MET toxicity, the electrochemical evaluation of MET−dsDNA interaction, in incubated solutions and using dsDNA‐electrochemical biosensors, following the changes in the oxidation peaks of guanosine and adenosine residues electrochemical currents, was also investigated. The MET−dsDNA interaction mechanism, for shorter times, occurs by the binding of MET molecules in the minor grooves of the dsDNA, and for long times, the stabilization of the MET−dsDNA complex, causing a local distortion and/or unwinding of dsDNA morphology, is described. However, MET did not promote DNA oxidative damage.
Electrochemical Aberrant Methylation Detection Based on Ferrocenyl Naphthalene Diimide Carrying β‐Cyclodextrin, FNC
Authors: Sato Shinobu , Nishi Yukiko , Takenaka Shigeori 
Published: July 2019

AbstractElectrochemical detection of the specific gene carrying aberrant methylated cytosine was achieved by ferrocenyl naphthalene diimide carrying β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD), FNC, coupled with the probe‐DNA‐immobilized electrode. The five CpG sites in a 24‐base sequence were selected as the target DNA on the CDH4 gene, which is associated with colorectal cancer. When methylated and unmethylated samples hybridized with the DNA probe (HS‐M24) immobilized on the electrode, an increased current signal was observed in the electrolyte containing FNC and correlated with the amount of target DNA. Furthermore, an increase in current (115 %) was observed when the PCR product of 105 bp was hybridized on the HS‐M24‐immobilized electrode, whereas a background level of current increase was observed in the case of unmethylated product. Such large discrimination ability might be due to the inter‐ and/or intra‐complex formation of ferrocene with β‐CD of FNC on the surface of the electrode.
Transoral robotic retropharyngeal lymph node dissection in a recurrent head and neck carcinoma
Authors: Petruzzi Gerardo , Zocchi Jacopo , Moretto Silvia , Pichi Barbara , Cristalli Giovanni , Mercante Giuseppe , Spriano Giuseppe , De Virgilio Armando , Pellini Raul 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundA step‐by‐step demonstration of the transoral robotic surgical approach (TORS) used in retropharyngeal node dissection (RND) in a recurrent head and neck carcinoma.MethodsClinical human study of TORS RND via en bloc resection using a daVinci Si system (Intuitive Surgical, Inc., Sunnyvale, California).ResultsA daVinci Si system provided sufficient access, reach, and visualization to perform TORS‐RND. Access and exposure were achieved with a Feyh‐Kastenbauer (FK) retractor (Gyrus Medical Inc., Tuttlingen, Germany). Two surgical instruments and one 3D camera arm can be deployed with minimal collision or restriction of arm movement.ConclusionsRoutine transcervical, transparotid, and transmandibular RNDs can provoke potentially serious surgical morbidities and complications. This study demonstrates the technical feasibility of TORS RND in a 68‐year‐old man.
Capitalizing on specialists' services in rural family health unit: Interventional study
Authors: Abdel‐Razik Madiha Said , El Shafei Arwa Mohamed Hosney , Abd Al Moety AlShaimaa Mohammed , Al Amir Reham Yosry , Hosney Mennatallah Said 
Published: July 2019

SummaryFor achieving universal health coverage in Egypt, Ministry of Health aims to improve the accessibility to quality specialized health care.ObjectivesThe objectives of the study were to explore legal and regulatory environment for the policy of specialists' visits to unit and assess the impact of gynecology specialist's visits on utilization pattern of gynecological services and clients' satisfaction.MethodsSettingsThe study settings were Ministry of Health/Headquarters, Giza Health Directorate, El‐Badrashin Health District and Hospital, and Met‐Rahinah Unit.Study designThe study includes qualitative research (in‐depth interviews with policymakers at all Ministry of Health levels and focus group discussions with service providers) and quantitative research (interventional operation research using separate sample pretest (n = 210) and posttest (n = 209) and family‐planning service statistics).ResultsAnalysis of specialist outreach services indicated integration absence between preventive and curative sectors. Capitalizing on the policy of specialists' outreach visits to the unit could support clients' access quality services and reduce referral to get specialist services in hospitals. There is a 6‐month intervention of scheduled visits of a female gynecologist to a rural health unit. The intervention led to 12% increase in efficiency and utilization of services compared with the previous 6 months. Clients' satisfaction increased from 27% to 73% after the intervention (.001, OR = 7.5, CI = 4.9‐11.6).ConclusionScheduled specialists' visits increase services' efficiency and clients' satisfaction.
Establishment of a mouse model of troglitazone‐induced liver injury and analysis of its hepatotoxic mechanism
Authors: Jia Ru , Oda Shingo , Tsuneyama Koichi , Urano Yuya , Yokoi Tsuyoshi 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDrug‐induced liver injury is a major problem in drug development and clinical drug therapy. Troglitazone (TGZ), a thiazolidinedione antidiabetic drug for the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus, was found to induce rare idiosyncratic severe liver injury in patients, which led to its withdrawal in 2000. However, in normal experimental animals in vivo TGZ has never induced liver injury. To explore TGZ hepatotoxic mechanism, we established a novel mouse model of TGZ‐induced liver injury. Administration of BALB/c female mice with a single intraperitoneal TGZ dose (300 mg/kg) significantly elevated alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels 6 hours after the treatment. The ratio of oxidative stress marker glutathione/disulfide glutathione was significantly decreased. The increased hepatic mRNA levels of inflammation‐ and oxidative stress‐related factors were observed in TGZ‐treated mice. Subsequently, hepatic transcriptome profiles of TGZ‐exposed liver were compared with those of non‐hepatotoxic rosiglitazone. The Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway was activated in TGZ‐induced liver injury. The activation of the JAK/STAT pathway promoted phosphorylation of STAT3 in TGZ‐treated mice. Consequently, upregulation of STAT3 activation increased mRNA levels of its downstream genes. In conclusion, a single intraperitoneal dose of TGZ exposure could induce liver injury in BALB/c female mice and, by a hepatic transcriptomic analysis, we found that the activation of JAK/STAT pathway might be related to TGZ‐induced hepatotoxicity.
Higher dietary protein intake preserves lean body mass, lowers liver lipid deposition, and maintains metabolic control in participants with long‐chain fatty acid oxidation disorders
Authors: Gillingham Melanie B. , Elizondo Gabriela , Behrend Annie , Matern Dietrich , Schoeller Dale A. , Harding Cary O. , Purnell Jonathan Q. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMedical nutrition therapy for long‐chain fatty acid oxidation disorders (LC‐FAODs) currently emphasizes fasting avoidance, restricted dietary long‐chain fatty acid intake, supplementation with medium chain triglycerides, and increased carbohydrate intake. We hypothesize that increasing dietary protein intake relative to carbohydrate intake would preserve metabolic control yet induce physical benefits including reduced hepatic lipogenesis. Therefore, we compared two dietary approaches with similar fat intake but different carbohydrate to protein ratios in participants diagnosed with LC‐FAODs. Thirteen participants were enrolled and randomized into either a high‐protein (PRO) or a high‐carbohydrate (CHO) diet for 4 months. Baseline and 4‐month assessments included body composition, ectopic lipid deposition, and resting energy expenditure. End of study assessments also included total energy expenditure, metabolic responses to oral feedings, and whole‐body fatty acid oxidation capacity. At the end of the dietary intervention, both groups had similar energy expenditure, fat and glucose oxidation rates, and glucolipid responses to mixed meal and oral glucose loads. Neither dietary group experienced worsening symptoms related to their LC‐FAOD. Compared to the CHO group, the PRO group exhibited increased blood levels of short‐chain acylcarnitines, reduced intrahepatic lipid content, and maintained lean body mass while the CHO group lost lean mass. In patients with LC‐FAODs, increasing protein intake maintained metabolic control, reduced liver fat without risk of metabolic decompensation, and helped preserve lean body mass. We propose that a modest increase in dietary protein along with fasting avoidance and fat restriction may improve body composition and energy expenditure in patients with LC‐FAODs.
Association of IL1RN VNTR polymorphism with chikungunya infection: A study from Western India
Authors: Tripathy Anuradha S. , Ganu Mohini A. , Sonam Lata , Alagarasu K. , Walimbe Atul M. , Thanapati Subrat , Gupta Pooja , Puranik Shaila 
Published: July 2019

AbstractChikungunya, caused by the chikungunya virus (CHIKV) mostly presents as acute and chronic articular inflammatory manifestations. Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL‐1RN) is a potent endogenous competitive inhibitor of IL‐1α and 1β and has an anti‐inflammatory role. The present study evaluated the possible association of IL1RN variable number tandem‐repeat (VNTR) alleles and genotypes, and CHIKV stimulated IL‐1RN cytokine production with resistance and/or susceptibility to chikungunya infection and disease state in 224 patients with chikungunya (61 patients with acute chikungunya and 163 patients with chronic chikungunya) and 355 healthy controls. Polymerase chain reaction, CHIKV stimulated cytokine assay and luminex platform were used for assessing polymorphism and protein levels respectively. The study revealed a significant association of IL1RN*1/*1 genotype under recessive genetic model with the risk of developing chikungunya infection. Our findings also indicated that IL1RN *2 allele under dominant mode was associated with protection to chronic chikungunya. The results also revealed a higher production of IL‐1 RN protein in patients with chronic chikungunya. To conclude, the results suggest the association of ILRN VNTR polymorphism and IL‐RN protein levels with chronic chikungunya.
Work‐contingent self‐esteem: A boon or bane for worker well‐being?
Authors: Kuykendall Lauren , Craig Lydia , Tay Louis 
Published: July 2019

SummaryWork‐contingent self‐esteem (WCSE; the degree to which workers' self‐esteem is based on workplace performance) has positive consequences for performance, yet less is known about its consequences for well‐being. In this paper, we contribute to the literature on WCSE by examining the mechanisms through which it impacts well‐being at work and outside of work. We challenge contingent self‐esteem (CSE) theory (Crocker & Park, 2004), which argues that CSE negatively impacts well‐being by fostering internally controlled (introjected) motivation and diminishing autonomous motivation, by suggesting that WCSE fosters autonomous and internally controlled motivation and thus has both beneficial and harmful effects on well‐being. We also expand CSE theory by suggesting that WCSE can negatively impact well‐being outcomes by causing work–nonwork conflict. Results from a time‐separated design in a sample of full‐time employees supported our arguments, revealing that WCSE impacted well‐being at work through both autonomous and internally controlled work motivations. WCSE also had negative effects on well‐being at and outside of work through work–nonwork conflict. The beneficial effects of WCSE outweighed its harmful effects on job satisfaction and neutralized its harmful effects for all other outcomes. We discuss theoretical implications for CSE theory, self‐determination theory, and work–nonwork issues and note important practical implications.
A novel method for the preconcentration and determination of ampicillin using electromembrane microextraction followed by high‐performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Aghaei Ali , Erfani Jazi Mehdi , E Mlsna Todd , Kamyabi Mohammad Ali 
Published: July 2019

AbstractElectromembrane extraction was used with high‐performance liquid chromatography for preconcentration and determination of ampicillin residues in cow milk. Ampicillin is transferred from an aqueous solution through a thin layer containing octan‐1‐ol, silver nanoparticles, and reduced graphene oxide which serves as a supported liquid membrane. Inside the fiber impregnated with supported liquid membrane mixture was filled 10 µL of an acceptor phase. Experimental parameters were optimized for extraction efficiency of ampicillin. Under the optimized conditions, the proposed method provided acceptable linear range (2–100 µg/L), satisfactory repeatability (RSD% < 7.1), low limit of detection (0.6 µg/L), and a high enrichment factor (295) corresponding to extraction recovery of 37%. Consequently, the proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of ampicillin residues in different cow milks.
Acoustic emissions during tensile test of DC06 and HCT600X
Authors: Behrens B.A. , Hübner S. , Wölki K. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this paper the acoustic emission behaviour during tensile tests of the materials DC06 and HCT600X is studied. Two steels with different characteristics (mild deep‐drawing steel DC06 and high‐strength steel HCT600X) are consciously chosen to show the influence of the material properties on the generated acoustic emissions. The acoustic emission behaviour and the corresponding signals differ clearly from each other. In addition, the effect of the strain rate as well as the rolling direction (0°, 90°) on the acoustic emission behaviour is investigated. Both parameters have a significant influence on the resulting acoustic emissions during tensile deformation. Furthermore, a new criterion based on the acoustic emission parameter FCOG (centroid frequency) for detection of damage beginning in dual‐phase steels is developed. The criterion supports the assumption that during tensile deformation of dual‐phase steels two failure mechanisms, ferrite/martensite interface decohesion and martensite phase fracture, exist.
Miniaturization of low cycle fatigue‐testing of single crystal superalloys at high temperature for uncoated and coated specimens
Authors: Meid C. , Waedt U. , Subramaniam A. , Wischek J. , Bartsch M. , Terberger P. , Vaßen R. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA newly developed miniature specimen and respective fixture for high temperature low cycle fatigue testing of nickel based single crystal superalloys is presented. Miniaturization allows the preparation of test specimens in all main crystallographic orientations of the cubic nickel crystal using laboratory sized material samples and enables excellent utilization of the costly material. The specimen geometry is optimized by means of parameter studies employing numerical calculations such that for the main crystallographic orientations the stress concentration at the fillet between gauge length and specimen head is minimized, and failure is likely to occur within the gauge length. The designed fixture allows easy specimen mounting and provides sufficient support for applying an extensometer for strain measurement. Protective metallic coatings against oxidation can be applied on the specimen by plasma spraying for studying the effect of coatings on the fatigue lifetime. The functionality of the specimen geometry and fixture design for low cycle fatigue testing is demonstrated for temperatures up to 950 °C.
Biophysically motivated efficient estimation of the spatially isotropic component from a single gradient‐recalled echo measurement
Authors: Papazoglou Sebastian , Streubel Tobias , Ashtarayeh Mohammad , Pine Kerrin J. , Edwards Luke J. , Brammerloh Malte , Kirilina Evgeniya , Morawski Markus , Jäger Carsten , Geyer Stefan , Callaghan Martina F. , Weiskopf Nikolaus , Mohammadi Siawoosh 
Published: July 2019

PurposeTo propose and validate an efficient method, based on a biophysically motivated signal model, for removing the orientation‐dependent part of using a single gradient‐recalled echo (GRE) measurement.MethodsThe proposed method utilized a temporal second‐order approximation of the hollow‐cylinder‐fiber model, in which the parameter describing the linear signal decay corresponded to the orientation‐independent part of . The estimated parameters were compared to the classical, mono‐exponential decay model for in a sample of an ex vivo human optic chiasm (OC). The OC was measured at 16 distinct orientations relative to the external magnetic field using GRE at 7T. To show that the proposed signal model can remove the orientation dependence of , it was compared to the established phenomenological method for separating into orientation‐dependent and ‐independent parts.ResultsUsing the phenomenological method on the classical signal model, the well‐known separation of into orientation‐dependent and ‐independent parts was verified. For the proposed model, no significant orientation dependence in the linear signal decay parameter was observed.ConclusionsSince the proposed second‐order model features orientation‐dependent and ‐independent components at distinct temporal orders, it can be used to remove the orientation dependence of using only a single GRE measurement.