bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization Improved K-Means on Centroid Initialization process using Particle Swarm Optimization for Tsunami Prone Area Groupings
Authors: Santika Gayatri Dwi , Sari Nadia Roosmalita , S M Zaki , Mahmudy Wayan Firdaus 
Published: December 2018

Tsunami is a high wave caused by tectonic earthquakes, volcanic eruption or landslides in the ocean. Indonesia is one of the countries that has thousands of islands. Lots of towns is a city on the banks or <em>waterfront city</em>. Indonesia becomes Tsunami prone areas. Tsunami can affect damage in various sectors, namely land degradation and infrastructure, environmental damage, fatalities, even the psychological impact on the victims themselves. Therefore, it takes a clustering of tsunami-prone areas. The result of clustering can give information to the public to remain alert to the danger of the tsunami. Also, clustering of the tsunami can be used by a government to prepare policies in overcoming the danger of the tsunami. Improved K-Means is an approach that proposed in this study to clustering the tsunami prone areas. In selecting the initial centroid must be done properly to produce a high accuracy. We proposed a method to determine the initial centroid appropriately, so that can increase the accuracy. The proposed method is Particle Swam Optimization (PSO). This study also uses comparison methods, such as K-Means, K-Means Improved, and K-Means Improved PSO. This study uses silhouette coefficient to test the accuracy of the system. The result showed that the proposed method has higher accuracy than the comparison method. Silhouette coefficient generated at 0.99924223 with smaller computing time
KONSTRUKSI UJI KESESUAIAN MODEL GEOGRAPHICALLY WEIGHTED POLYNOMIAL REGRESSION
Authors: Chamidah Nur 
Published: December 2018

AbstractGeographically Weighted Polynomial Regression (GWPolR) is a generalization of Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) model. By using the generalization, GWPolR has parameters much more than GWR model. In general, excess of the number of parameter will have a higher appropriate value. However, the model which has less parameter will have the excess for easing in application and its interpretation. Nevertheless, when the model has more the parameters, then the model will be better significantly to be used. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to construct the conformity between hypothesis test with respect to the GWPolR model. Keywords: Geographically weighted polynomial regression, Geographically Weighted Regression, uji kesesuaian model AbstrakGeographically Weighted Polynomial Regression (GWPolR) merupakan perumuman dari model Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR). Dengan perumuman tersebut, model GWPolR memiliki jumlah parameter yang lebih banyak daripada model GWR. Umumnya, kelebihan model dengan jumlah parameter lebih banyak adalah memiliki nilai kesesuaian lebih tinggi. Sebaliknya, model dengan jumlah parameter yang sedikit memiliki kelebihan berupa kemudahan dalam aplikasi dan interpretasinya. Namun demikian, jika model dengan jumlah parameter yang lebih banyak ternyata secara signifikan lebih baik maka sudah seharusnya model tersebut dipilih untuk digunakan. Oleh karena itu, tujuan paper ini adalah mengkonstruksi uji hipotesis kesesuaian model GWPolR. Kata Kunci: Geographically weighted polynomial regression, Geographically Weighted Regression, uji kesesuaian model
Pengembangan Modul PreprocessingTeks untuk Kasus Formalisasi dan Pengecekan Ejaan Bahasa Indonesia pada Aplikasi Web Mining Simple Solution (WMSS)
Authors: Chuzaimah Zulkifli Umi 
Published: December 2018

Abstract Data of social media currently has been much used to analyze both sentiment analysis and another analysis. In fact, data that is obtained from the social media in generally has some mistakes which can influence the spelling in writing of words. The solution offered is word formalization and spelling check. Based on the problem, it will be built a preprocessing model to overcome two the mistakes. The method that will be used in formalization is to change the words to be formal form based on KBBI, while the method used for spelling check is spelling correction. Spelling correction method consists of distance edit, bigram and distance edit rule. In this study, in addition the application of both methods, also it will be analyzed comparing the result of spelling correction. From the result of analysis shows that distance edit rule has higher accuracy, namely 83.39% than using both edit distance and bigram method. In addition, edit distance rule method also has faster performance than another both methods. Overall, method to change word to formal word were based on KBBI and spelling correction has been able to overcome the problem of two cases, such that it can increase accuracy of the result of the analysis. Keywords: preprocessing, spelling correction, edit distance, bigram AbstrakData media sosial saat ini telah banyak digunakan untuk melakukan analisis baik analisis sentimen maupun analisis terkait lainnya. Nyatanya, data yang diperoleh dari media sosial tersebut pada umumnya memiliki kesalahan yang akan mempengaruhi hasil analisis. Kesalahan tersebut berupa penggunaan kata yang tidak baku dan adanya kesalahan ejaan dalam penulisan kata. Solusi yang ditawarkan berupa formalisasi kata dan pengecekan ejaan. Berdasarkan masalah tersebut, akan dibangun modul preprocessing untuk mengatasi dua kesalahan di atas. Metode yang digunakan pada formalisasi adalah mengubah kata ke bentuk formal berdasarkan KBBI sedangkan metode yang digunakan pada pengecekan ejaan adalah spelling correction. Metode spelling correction tersebut terdiri dari tiga yaitu edit distance, bigram dan edit distance + rule. Pada penelitian ini, selain penerapan kedua metode juga akan dilakukan analisis untuk melihat perbandingan hasil pada metode spelling correction. Dari hasil analisis tersebut, diketahui bahwa metode edit distance + rule memiliki akurasi yang lebih tinggi yaitu sebesar 83,39% dibandingkan dengan kedua metode lainnya yaitu edit distance dan bigram. Selain itu, metode edit distance + rule juga memiliki performa tercepat dibandingkan kedua metode lainnya. Secara keseluruhan, metode mengubah kata ke bentuk formal berdasarkan KBBI dan spelling correction telah mampu mengatasi masalah pada dua kasus di atas sehingga dapat meningkatkan akurasi hasil analisis. Kata Kunci:preprocessing, spelling correction, edit distance, bigram
Effects of anesthetic technique on postoperative pulmonary metastasis in patients undergoing laryngectomy
Authors: Huang Xuanwei , Wang Xudong , Lai Jielan , Deng Kun , Lu Yali , Lai Renchun 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Background: Whether laryngeal cancer is directly implanted into the lungs through the respiratory tract during orotracheal intubation remains unclear. The present study aimed to determine whether orotracheal intubation was an independent risk factor for postoperative pulmonary metastasis, recurrences and survival in patients undergoing laryngectomy.
Methods: Medical records between January 1, 2006 and December 31, 2016 were reviewed. Patients who underwent orotracheal intubation (intubation group) were matched 1:1 with those who received tracheotomy (tracheotomy group) during the induction of general anesthesia. The primary outcome was postoperative pulmonary metastasis. Secondary outcomes included local recurrences, lymphatic metastasis and overall survival. Data were analysed by Kaplan-Meier curves, log-rank test, hazards regression and Cox regression.
Results: Comparing the tracheotomy group and orotracheal intubation group, no statistically significant differences were found in postoperative pulmonary metastasis (P = 0.688), local recurrence (P = 0.215), lymphatic metastasis (P = 0.480) and all-cause death (P = 0.299). Primary cancer site was an independent risk factor for pulmonary metastasis [hazard ratio (HR) 0.29, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.13-0.68; P = 0.013] and local recurrence (HR 2.69, 95% CI 1.39-5.21; P = 0.003). Unexpectedly, postoperative chemotherapy was an independent risk factor for lung metastasis (HR 7.58, 95% CI 3.11-18.47; P < 0.001) and lymphatic metastasis (HR 5.18, 95% CI 2.57-11.91; P < 0.001). Five-year overall survival was not associated with anesthetic technique (P = 0.473).
Conclusions: This retrospective study suggested that orotracheal intubation during laryngectomy was not a risk factor for postoperative pulmonary metastasis, local recurrence and overall survival.
Keywords: Anesthetic technique, Postoperative pulmonary metastasis, Laryngectomy
Multiplex Polymerase chain reaction to diagnose bloodstream infections in patients after cardiothoracic surgery
Authors: Pilarczyk Kevin , Rath Peter-Michael , Steinmann Jörg , Thielmann Matthias , Dürbeck Maximillian , Padosch Stephan A. , Jakob Heinz G. , Dusse Fabian 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Background: Sepsis and other infectious complications are major causes of mortality and morbidity in patients after cardiac surgery. Whereas blood culture (BC) as the current diagnostic gold standard suffers from low sensitivity as well as a reporting delay of approximately 48–72 h, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based technologies might offer a fast and reliable alternative for detection of bloodstream infections (BSI). The aim of this study was to compare the performance of real time multiplex-PCR “SeptiFast” (SF), a real-time multiplex PCR assay, with conventional BC testing in patients after cardiac surgery.
Methods: 279 blood samples from 168 individuals with suspected BSI were analyzed by SF and BC. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to determine the accuracy of clinical and laboratory information for the prediction of positive SF results.
Results: Excluding results attributable to contaminants, 14.7% (n = 41) of blood samples were positive using SF and 17.2% (n=49) using conventional BC (p= n.s.). In six samples, SF detected more than one pathogen. Among the 47 microorganisms identified by SF, only 11 (23.4%) could be confirmed by BC. SF identified a significantly higher number of Gram-negative bacteria than BC (28 vs. 12, χ2=7.97, p=0.005). The combination of BC and SF significantly increased the number of detected microorganism, including fungi, when compared to BC alone (86 vs. 49, χ2=13.51, p<0.001). C-reactive protein (CRP) (21.7±11.41 vs. 16.0±16.9 mg/dl, p=0.009), procalcitonin (PCT) (28.7±70.9 vs. 11.5±30.4 ng/dl, p=0.015) as well as interleukin 6 (IL 6) (932.3±1306.7 vs. 313.3±686.6 pg/ml, p=0.010) was significantly higher in patients with a positive SF result. In addition, incidence of severe acute kidney injury (AKI) was higher in SF positive than in SF negative patients (31/42 [76%] vs. 125/237 [53%], p=0.01). Using ROC analysis, IL-6 (AUC 0.836) as well as CRP (AUC 0.804), but not PCT showed the best predictive values for positive SF results. Microbiological diagnostic information gained through SF led to 8 therapy adaptations.
Conclusion: The real time PCR-based SF test might represent a valuable addition to the traditional BC method for rapid etiologic diagnosis of BSI in patients after cardiothoracic surgery. This powerful method furthermore applies in particular for individuals with fungal infections, Gram-negative bacteremia, AKI and/or elevated CRP and IL-6-concentration. However, due to the low performance in detecting Gram-positive pathogens and the inability to determine antibiotic susceptibility, it should always be used in combination with BC. [1]
Key words: Blood stream infection, blood culture, real time multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction
Comparative Study between Modified William's Airway (Fekry Airway) versus the U Shaped Guedl's Airway as Assisted Device for Fiber Optic Intubation: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Mohamed Ahmed Abdalla , Mahmoud Sherin Refaat , Youssef Maha Mohamed Ismail , Dobal Nasser Mohamed , Zoheir Heba Alla Hussein , Hady Hany Mohamed El , Elbadawy Ahmed Mohamed , Khair Tamer Mohamed , Belita Mohamed Ibrahim , Atta Ehab Mohi , Seleem Ahmed Abd EL Aziz , Osman Safinaz Hassan , Fahmy Rania Samir , Abdelrahman Reham Ali , Salem Ahmed Essam 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The authors have removed this preprint from Research Square.
A Short‐term Study to Compare Field Strategies for Ammonia Emission Mitigation
Authors: Yagüe María R. , Valdez Alcira S. , Bosch‐Serra Àngela D. , Ortiz Carlos , Castellví Francesc 
Published: December 2018

Abatement of NH3 emissions is crucial in calcareous soils under semiarid Mediterranean climates. The aim of the study was to compare NH3 emissions using different slurry application methods. An experiment was performed on a clay loam soil to evaluate NH3 emissions before sowing and at winter cereal tillering. Pig slurry was applied using two methods, one that applied slurry by splashing it over a plate (SP), and another that applied slurry in strips using trail hoses (TH). Emissions were measured using semi‐static chambers at variable intervals for 12 to 13 d (315.5 h for sowing and 287 h for tillering). Maximum NH3 flux emissions were always observed during the earliest period of measurements after slurry spreading (3.5–5 h). Before sowing, regardless of the method, accumulated NH3 losses (during 315.5 h) ranged between 2 and 3 kg NH3–N ha−1 because of the low dry matter content of the slurry (<2%), which enhanced infiltration. Losses represented about 2 to 3% of the total N applied. At cereal tillering, average accumulated losses of NH3 (during 287 h) were 1.7 kg N ha−1 using TH (1.1% of total N applied) and were as high as 5.4 kg N ha−1 (3.2% of total N applied) using SP. Because N topdressing is recommended as a measure to increase its efficiency, TH is recommended over SP. Thus, this short‐term study concludes that TH may reduce NH3 emissions in semiarid environments. Further study of these strategies is recommended under different climate and soil conditions.Core Ideas
NH3 emissions from slurry splash plate (SP) spreading can be <4% of the NH4+ applied.
Trail hoses (TH) reduce NH3 emissions from slurries versus SP at cereal tillering.
At sowing, low slurry dry matter bridges the gap in NH3 emissions between TH and SP.
Non Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors, Molecular Docking Studies and Antitubercular Activity of Thiazolidin-4-one Derivatives
Authors: Chitre Trupti S. , Patil Shital M. , Sujalegaonkar Anagha G. , Asgaonkar Kalyani D. , Khedkar Vijay M. , Garud Dinesh R. , Jha Prakash C. , Gaikwad Sharddha Y. , Kulkarni Smita S. , Choudhari Amit , Sarkar Dhiman 
Published: December 2018

Background::
Management of Co-existence of Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and Tuberculosis
has become a global challenge due to the emergence of resistant strains and pill burden.

Objective: :
Hence the aim of the present work was to design and evaluate compounds for their dual activity
on HIV-1 and Tuberculosis (TB).

Methods: :
A series of seven, novel Thiazolidin-4-one derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their
anti-HIV and anti-tubercular activity along with Molecular docking studies. All the seven compounds displayed
promising activity against the replication of HIV-1 in cell-based assays. The four most active compounds
were further evaluated against X4 tropic HIV-1UG070 and R5 tropic HIV-1VB59 primary isolates. The
binding affinity of all the designed compounds for HIV-RT and Mycobacterium tuberculosis Enol Reductase
(MTB InhA) was gauged by molecular docking studies which revealed crucial thermodynamic interactions
governing their binding.

Results::
The CC50 values for the test compounds were in the range of, 15.08-34.9 μg/ml, while the IC50
values were in the range of 16.1-27.13(UG070; X4) and 12.03-23.64 (VB59; R5) μg/ml. The control drug
Nevirapine (NVP) exhibited CC50 value of 77.13 μg/ml and IC50 value of 0.03 μg/ml. Amongst all these
compounds, compound number 3 showed significant activity with a TI value of 2.167 and 2.678 against the
HIV-1 X4 and the R5 tropic virus respectively. In anti-mycobacterial screening, the compounds proved effective
in inhibiting the growth of both log phase and starved MTB cultures.

Conclusion: :
Compound 3 has been found to be active against HIV-1 as well as MTB.
Association Between Immunologic and Virologic Functioning and Health-Related Quality of Life Among People Living with HIV, Tehran, Iran
Authors: Ghodrati Saeed , Shahabinezhad Zahra , SeyedAlinaghi SeyedAhmad 
Published: December 2018

Background:With recent progress in the treatment of people living with HIV (PLWH) and their increased rate of survival, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) has become an important issue.Objective:In the present study, we aimed to investigate the association of current CD4 cell count, baseline CD4 cell count, nadir CD4 cell count, and plasma viral load with health-related quality of life in PLWH.Methods:Participants were 67 PLWH who were under the treatment of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Imam Khomeini Hospital of Tehran, Iran in 2016. Participants were divided into the two groups with high and low levels of current CD4 cell count, baseline CD4 cell count, nadir CD4 cell count and plasma viral load. We used independent sample t-test for data analysis using SPSS 22 software.Results:Our results demonstrated that for current CD4 cell count, the group differences were significant for total scores of HRQoL (P=0.028), also in the components of physical functioning (P=0.032), role limitation due to physical health problems (P=0.006), and role limitation due to emotional problems (P=0.009). Our data analysis showed that for baseline CD4 cell count (P=0.62), nadir CD4 cell count (P=0.29), and viral load group (P=0.78), the differences were not significant for HRQoL.Conclusion:Knowing the association between current CD4 count and health-related quality of life, adherence to ART might be a motivator for PLWH to enhance their health-related quality of life.
An Unusual Case of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma and A Revision of Current Literature
Authors: Cipri Claudia , Vescini Fabio , Torresan Francesca , Pennelli Gianmaria , Pelizzo Maria Rosa , Triggiani Vincenzo , Guastamacchia Edoardo , Grimaldi Franco 
Published: December 2018

Background:
Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) accounts for 5% of all thyroid cancers and
occurs either sporadically or in a hereditary pattern. Routine calcitonin (CT) measurement is suggested
for MTC screening in patients with nodular thyroid disease.
</P><P>
Patient Findings: A 45 years-old woman incidentally discovered, with neck ultrasound, the presence
of thyroid micronodules. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) on thyroid prevailing nodule did not demonstrate
cellular atypia.
</P><P>
During follow-up, FNA was repeated on the previously analyzed nodule suspicious for Hürthle cell
nodule suspicious for follicular neoplasm and on another hypoechoic right nodule which showed cellular
atypia. CT was <2 pg/ml (normal values <18.2 pg/ml), anti-thyroid antibodies were positive and the
patient showed a normal thyroid function.
</P><P>
The patient also was diagnosed with primary hyperparathyroidism with an enlarged parathyroid gland
behind the right thyroid lobe. Therefore, she underwent total thyroidectomy and a selective parathyroidectomy
was performed.
</P><P>
Histology showed an encapsulated microMTC (pT1aNxMx) associated with diffuse C-cell hyperplasia
and lymphocytic thyroiditis. The neoplasm was positive for calcitonin and chromogranin A and negative
for thyroglobulin. A right parathyroid adenoma was also diagnosed. One month after surgery basal
and stimulated CT were <2 ng/ml. Genetic analysis did not reveal mutation of RET proto-oncogene.
Twelve months after surgery, neck ultrasonography, chest and abdomen computed tomography did not
demonstrated residual/recurrent disease with undetectable serum CT.

Conclusion:
In the literature, few MTC cases with normal serum CT have been reported. Although
MTC without elevated plasma CT is extremely rare, normal or low CT levels, do not entirely exclude
this diagnosis.
Prophylactic and Therapeutic Treatments' Effect of Moringa Oleifera Methanol Extract on Cryptosporidium Infection in Immunosuppressed Mice
Authors: El-Sayed Nagwa M. , Fathy Ghada M. 
Published: December 2018

<P>Background: As natural herbs and medicinal plants extracts are widely used as alternative treatments for different parasitic diseases, some have been tested on Cryptosporidium either in vitro or in vivo. This study assessed the prophylactic and therapeutic treatments' effect of Moringa oleifera (M. oleifera) leaves methanol extract on immunosuppressed-Cryptosporidium infected mice.Methods:The evaluation was carried out by Cryptosporidium oocysts count in fecal samples, histopathological changes in the intestinal tissues, determination of IFN-γ level in mice sera and measuring the antioxidant activity in the intestinal tissues.Results:Prophylactic treatment by M. oleifera extract lowered Cryptosporidium oocysts shedding from immunosuppressed-infected mice although there was no complete elimination of the parasite. However, therapeutic treatment induced a significant reduction in Cryptosporidium oocysts counts by 91.8% higher than that of the drug control (nitazoxanide) group (77.2%). Histopathologically, the intestinal tissues from immunosuppressed-Cryptosporidium infected mice showed loss of brush border with severe villous atrophy and extensive necrosis. M. oleifera prophylactic treatment induced a moderate improvement of the pathological changes. However, the villi in M. oleifera therapeutic treated mice retained their normal appearance with minimal inflammatory cells. It was observed that M. oleifera extract induced a significant upregulation of IFN-γ in both prophylactic and therapeutic treated groups compared to that of the infected untreated group. In addition, M. oleifera leaves extract exhibited a significant antioxidant activity by reducing the levels of Nitric Oxide (NO) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) and increasing Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) level in the intestinal tissues compared to those of the infected and drug controls.Conclusion:M. oleifera leaves extract has potent prophylactic and therapeutic activities against infection with Cryptosporidium.</P>
The Effects of Trees on Soil Chemistry
Authors: Habumugisha Vincent , Mourad Khaldoon A. , Hashakimana Léonidas 
Published: December 2018

Background: Trees often affect the chemical properties of soil, positively or
negatively.

Objective:
This paper studied the effects of Podocarpus falcatus and Markhamia lutea trees
on soil chemistry in Ruhande Arboretum, Rwanda.

Methods:
Soil samples were collected using Zigzag method from Arboretum forest of Ruhande
at different depths (0-20, 20-40 and 40-60 cm). For each plot, 25 samples were collected
to make one composite sample per plot for each depth.

Results:
The results showed that tree species contributed to the changes of soil chemistry
along the depths of the soil layers. The laboratory analyses showed that there was a high
significant influence of tree species on soil pH and Aluminum ions. However, it was observed
that there was no significant influence of Podocarpus falcatus and Markhamia lutea
species on the available phosphorus or on the total exchangeable acidity. On the other hand,
analyzing soil samples under Markhamia lutea showed an increase in the total nitrogen and a
decrease in the pH and available phosphorus.

Conclusion:
Trees affect the chemical properties of soils. Therefore, it is recommended that
under acidic soils, for example, forestry and agroforestry actors should use less acidifying
tree species, such as Markhamia lutea and Podocarpus falcatus.