bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consumers' Bayesian learning under Knightian uncertainty: An eye‐tracking analysis
Authors: Song Hongjuan , Jiang Yushi 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn recent years, risky decisions and the “gambling paradigm” have been mainstream topics in economics and psychology research. However, the choice of Knightian uncertainty, especially as it relates to the potential cognitive processes of consumers in marketing, has not drawn the attention of scholars. This study introduced Bayesian learning theory to reproduce the consumer learning process and conducted a two‐stage experiment to explore the process of how perceived price and uncertain quality information influence consumer learning and decisions. The results were validated via an eye‐tracking experiment with dynamic (updated) advertising information to observe the learning mechanism of consumers under Knightian uncertainty. The results showed that consumers conduct irregular Bayesian learning based on different perceived price levels in different information state spaces. Belief changes follow the first‐order Markov learning rule, and Bayesian learning is a dual‐system process. Overall, the results are in line with the belief‐integration principle of the Bayesian learning model under Knightian uncertainty.
Click. Coordinate. Catalyze. Using CuAAC Click Ligands in Small‐Molecule Model Chemistry of Tyrosinase
Authors: Herzigkeit Benjamin , Flöser Benedikt M. , Meißner Nadja E. , Engesser Tobias A. , Tuczek Felix 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThree triazolylmethylpyridine ligands are synthesized using the copper‐catalyzed azide‐alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC). The corresponding copper(I) complexes are investigated as catalysts for the oxygenation of several monophenols, in analogy to the enzyme tyrosinase. Importantly, they show a higher catalytic activity than previously investigated systems. This is ascribed to the lower charge donation of the electron‐poor triazole heterocycle, supporting the hydroxylation of phenolic substrates by an electrophilic substitution mechanism.
Effective CoxSy Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Electrocatalysts Fabricated by In Situ Sulfuration of a Metal–Organic Framework
Authors: Sun Xiaowen , Huang Hui , Wang Chaopeng , Liu Yingying , Hu Tong‐Liang , Bu Xian‐He 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by Xiaowen Sun and Dr. Tong‐Liang Hu from Nankai University (Tianjin, China). The image shows the compound‐type cobalt sulfide Co9S8/CoS1.097/rGO derived from a metal–organic framework and its electrocatalytic application in the hydrogen evolution reaction. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/celc.201801238.
Chemometric study of chromatographic and computational bioactivity parameters of diphenylacetamides
Authors: Vastag Gyöngyi , Apostolov Suzana , Mijin Dušan , Grbović Ljubica , Kaurinović Biljana 
Published: October 2018

AbstractSelected chemometric methods were used to form models that define the qualitative and quantitative dependence between the chemical structure and the parameters of potential biological activity (lipophilicity, retention, pharmacokinetic, and toxic properties) of the selected diphenylacetamide derivatives. The chromatographic retention parameters of the selected diphenylacetamides were determined by applying reversed‐phase thin‐layer chromatography (RPTLC) on C18 and cyano modified carriers in mixtures of water‐methanol and water‐acetone. It was found that the polarity of the substituent R has dominant influence and its electronic effects to a lesser extent, on the studied parameters of the biological activity of diphenylacetamides. Also, results suggest a better similarity of the retention constants, RM0, with parameters of lipophilicity and pharmacokinetic predictors. Contrary to that, chromatographic parameter, m, exhibits a greater resemblance with toxicity parameters.
ACHEMA 2018 – Drying Technologies
Authors: Balke Tobias , Fröhlich Jakob , Gschwind Peter , Kohlus Reinhard 
Published: October 2018

AbstractDieser Beitrag fasst die Neuheiten, Trends und Besonderheiten der Trocknungstechnik zusammen, die auf der ACHEMA 2018 ausgestellt waren. Ein Schwerpunkt ist die Anwendung von Virtual‐Reality‐ bzw. Augmented‐Reality‐Verfahren, die z. B. bei der Anlagenplanung und Prozessoptimierung eingesetzt werden. Einen hohen Stellenwert haben auch leichte Reinigbarkeit und Hygienic Design. Weitere Abschnitte befassen sich mit den firmenspezifischen Innovationen für die verschiedenen Trocknungsverfahren von Standardverfahren wie Wirbelschichttrocknung bis zu Spezialtrocknern z. B. für die Herstellung von Batteriemassen.
Membrane separation system for coal‐fired flue gas reclamation: Process planning and initial design
Authors: Ruan Xuehua , Xiao Hongyan , Shou Jianxiang , Huang Aibin , Xiao Wu , He Gaohong 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMembrane separation is highly expected for enriching CO2 from flue gases, but the inadequacy in separation efficiency and production capacity should not be overlooked. Process planning and initial design with multi‐product and energy recovery approach is attempted in this work to ameliorate this limitation. Three retrofitting options are considered: the novel constraint mode with the local permeate CO2 concentration that is always higher than the feed stream concentration is proposed for CO2 enrichment to increase the output of the CO2‐enriched product (with a general mode, the local permeate stream that is more diluted than the feed stream mixes in the permeate bulk); the turbine unit is used to take back the static energy in membrane residue; and the multi‐product option with N2 purification would have the advantage that N2 has been enriched greatly after CO2 separation. According to the comprehensive comparison conducted in this study, the retrofitted process involving both the novel constraint mode and the multi‐product approach is the most effective for saving energy and enhancing production capacity. Crude CO2 (50 vol%) and N2 (99 vol%) would be generated simultaneously. In addition, the positive performance has been demonstrated by process simulation and economical analysis with both a normal polysulphone membrane and a novel Polaris membrane. On the whole, membrane separation system retrofitting with multi‐product and energy recovery approach together should be an effectual approach to promote carbon capture, storage, and utilization.
Identification of Specific and Nonspecific Inhibitors of Bacillus anthracis Type III Pantothenate Kinase (PanK)
Authors: Shapiro Justin A. , Varga John J. , Parsonage Derek , Walton William , Redinbo Matthew R. , Ross Larry J. , White E. Lucile , Bostwick Robert , Wuest William M. , Claiborne Al , Goldberg Joanna B. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAntibiotics with novel mechanisms of action are desperately needed to combat the increasing rates of multidrug‐resistant infections. Bacterial pantothenate kinase (PanK) has emerged as a target of interest to cut off the biosynthesis of coenzyme A. Herein we report the results of an in vitro high‐throughput screen of over 10 000 small molecules against Bacillus anthracis PanK, as well as a follow‐up screen of hits against PanK isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Burkholderia cenocepacia. Nine hits are structurally categorized and analyzed to set the stage for future drug development.
Automatic color classification via Munsell system for archaeology
Authors: Milotta Filippo Luigi Maria , Tanasi Davide , Stanco Filippo , Pasquale Stefania , Stella Giuseppe , Gueli Anna Maria 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMunsell soil charts are commonly used in archaeology to identify colors of soils and artifacts during excavations. In situ, the procedure is done by visual means and in a very subjective way, resulting in a time consuming and error‐prone approach. To overcome these limitations, an original application has been developed: the automatic recognition of color for archaeology (ARCA). ARCA is a framework thought to be a valuable asset for archaeologists since it may be objective, deterministic, and fast. In this framework, it is possible to convert RGB data to HVC color space. Users may import images in ARCA through a proper desktop application, which also allows operators to sample RGB manually data. Then, HVC notation is automatically estimated and provided to operators within an automatically generated filled report. ARCA moves from Munsell charts, but it has the advantage of providing an objective and affordable color specification system. In this study, we present the results related to data acquired in a controlled lightning environment with a color assessment cabinet on Munsell soil color charts to try to improve the lightness estimation. We focused on two color space conversions: RGB to HVC, and RGB to L*a*b* of CIELAB color space. Color coordinates are obtained through colorimetric measurements. We developed a method with three main phases, and we computed transformation coefficients from observed and ground truth data. The color accuracy of our method is presented in terms of Godlove distance and through CIEDE1976, CIEDE2000, ΔL*, Δa*, and Δb* CIE metrics.
Obfuscation versus enhancement as corporate social responsibility disclosure strategies
Authors: Martínez‐Ferrero Jennifer , Suárez‐Fernández Oscar , García‐Sánchez Isabel‐María 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBuilding upon impression management, the objective of this paper is to analyse the enhancement or obfuscation strategies of reporting corporate social responsibility (CSR) information. Concretely, this paper aims to examine the association between the CSR performance of the firm and the socially responsible disclosure strategy adopted by managers to obtain insights into the factors associated with balance, accuracy, clarity, comparability, and reliability of information. A sample of 273 international companies from the year 2007 to 2014 was used to develop our models of analysis. The results show that, according to an obfuscation disclosure strategy, firms with the worst CSR performance disclose information that is less balanced, accurate, and clear; moreover, these reports incorporate more optimistic, longer, and less readable information. Within the realm of impression‐management strategy, firms use thematic content and verbal tone manipulation as well as quantity and syntactical reading as impression‐management tools.
Selective cytotoxic activity and DNA damage by an epoxyalkyl galactopyranoside
Authors: Burgos‐Morón Estefanía , Pastor Nuria , Orta Manuel Luis , Jiménez‐Alonso Julio José , Vega‐Holm Margarita , Vega‐Pérez José Manuel , Iglesias‐Guerra Fernando , Mateos Santiago , López‐Lázaro Miguel , Calderón‐Montaño José Manuel 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Preclinical Research & Development

Several clinically useful anticancer drugs selectively kill cancer cells by inducing DNA damage; the genomic instability and DNA repair defects of cancer cells make them more vulnerable than normal cells to the cytotoxicity of DNA‐damaging agents. Because epoxide‐containing compounds can induce DNA damage, we have used the 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay to evaluate the selective cytotoxicity of three epoxyalkyl galactopyranosides against A549 lung cancer cells and MRC‐5 lung normal cells. Compound (2S,3S)‐2,3‐epoxydecyl 4,6‐O‐(S)‐benzylidene‐β‐d‐galactopyranoside (EDBGP) showed the highest selective anticancer activity and was selected for mechanistic studies. After observing that EDBGP induced cellular DNA damage (comet assay), we found that cells deficient in nucleotide excision repair were hypersensitive to the cytotoxicity of this compound; this suggests that EDBGP may induce bulky DNA adducts. EDBGP did not inhibit glycolysis (glucose consumption and lactate production). Pretreatment of lung cancer cells with several antioxidants did not reduce the cytotoxicity of EDBGP, thereby indicating that reactive oxygen species do not participate in the anticancer activity of this compound. Finally, EDBGP was screened against a panel of cancer cells and normal cells from several tissues, including three genetically modified skin fibroblasts with increasing degree of malignancy. Our results suggest that epoxyalkyl galactopyranosides are promising lead compounds for the development of new anticancer agents.
Using human sequencing to guide craniofacial research
Authors: Liegel Ryan P. , Finnerty Erin , Blizzard Lauren , DiStasio Andrew , Hufnagel Robert B. , Saal Howard M. , Sund Kristen L. , Prows Cynthia A. , Stottmann Rolf W. 
Published: October 2018

SummaryA recent convergence of technological innovations has re‐energized the ability to apply genetics to research in human craniofacial development. Next‐generation exome and whole genome sequencing have significantly dropped in price, making it relatively trivial to sequence and analyze patients and families with congenital craniofacial anomalies. A concurrent revolution in genome editing with the use of the CRISPR‐Cas9 system enables the rapid generation of animal models, including mouse, which can precisely recapitulate human variants. Here, we summarize the choices currently available to the research community. We illustrate this approach with the study of a family with a novel craniofacial syndrome with dominant inheritance pattern. The genomic analysis suggested a causal variant in AMOTL1 which we modeled in mice. We also made a novel deletion allele of Amotl1. Our results indicate that Amotl1 is not required in the mouse for survival to weaning. Mice carrying the variant identified in the human sequencing studies, however, do not survive to weaning in normal ratios. The cause of death is not understood for these mice complicating our conclusions about the pathogenicity in the index patient. Thus, we highlight some of the powerful opportunities and confounding factors confronting current craniofacial genetic research.
Efficient genome editing using CRISPR‐Cas‐mediated homology directed repair in the ascidian Ciona robusta
Authors: Pickett C. J. , Zeller Robert W. 
Published: October 2018

SummaryEliminating or silencing a gene's level of activity is one of the classic approaches developmental biologists employ to determine a gene's function. A recently developed method of gene perturbation called CRISPR‐Cas, which was derived from a prokaryotic adaptive immune system, has been adapted for use in eukaryotic cells. This technology has been established in several model organisms as a powerful and efficient tool for knocking out or knocking down the function of a gene of interest. It has been recently shown that CRISPR‐Cas functions with fidelity and efficiency in Ciona robusta. Here, we show that in C. robusta CRISPR‐Cas mediated genomic knock‐ins can be efficiently generated. Electroporating a tissue‐specific transgene driving Cas9 and a U6‐driven gRNA transgene together with a fluorescent protein‐containing homology directed repair (FP‐HDR) template results in gene‐specific patterns of fluorescence consistent with a targeted genomic insertion. Using the Tyrosinase locus to optimize reagents, we first characterize a new Pol III promoter for expressing gRNAs from the Ciona savignyi H1 gene, and then adapt technology that flanks gRNAs by ribozymes allowing cell‐specific expression from Pol II promoters. Next, we examine homology arm‐length efficiencies of FP‐HDR templates. Reagents were then developed for targeting Brachyury and Pou4 that resulted in expected patterns of fluorescence, and sequenced PCR amplicons derived from single embryos validated predicted genomic insertions. Finally, using two differentially colored FP‐HDR templates, we show that biallelic FP‐HDR template insertion can be detected in live embryos of the F0 generation.
Electrolytic Cell Design to Simulate the Electrochemical Skin Response
Authors: Lair Virginie , Calmet Amandine , Albin Valérie , Griveau Sophie , Cassir Michel 
Published: October 2018

AbstractSmall fiber peripheral neuropathy is an early complication of diabetes. Electric skin response to some stimulus, as electrochemical skin conductance ECS, is a promising route in the early follow‐up of such diseases. It is related to sweat gland innervations and their permeability to chlorides and protons; it is non‐invasive, quantitative and reproducible. In routine clinical use, it could allow to better adapt the treatments and improve the adhesion for preventing pathological progress, thus reducing colossal healthcare costs. To optimize the measurements and understand the electrochemical behavior of electrodes, an original electrolytic cell was designed in lab scale. Thereby, an electrolyte is chosen to mimic sweat composition. For achieving currents range of ESC in vivo measurements, the original idea was to play on electrolyte viscosity by adding sucrose. In this paper, the novel electrolytic lab cell is presented with its limiting kinetics processes. A model of chloride migration to the anode and global electric model dedicated to the cell are proposed. Cell parameters are thoroughly studied, e. g. the resistance, which is equivalent to the inverse of ESC, by exploiting the models and through in vitro experiments, with protocols focusing on reproducibility. This original approach establishes, inter alia, an important result: the resistance is accurately retrieved using linear voltammetry, whereas single voltage measurement fails notably and is, therefore, unsatisfactory.
Optimization of washing and cooking processes of rice for Ochratoxin A decrement by RSM
Authors: Mansouri‐Nasrabadi Rezvan , Milani Jafar Mohammadzadeh , Nazari Saman Seyed Jafar 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn this research, effects of washing and cooking processes on the decrease in ochratoxin A (OTA) residue in rice were investigated. Rice samples were washed one, two, and three times in the washing stage. Results showed that the washing stage was effective on OTA residue as 42.68% of OTA was removed. In the cooking stage, the effects of boiling time, salt content, and water‐to‐rice ratio on OTA residue were studied employing response surface methodology (RSM). The results showed that time and salt content, interaction between time and salt content, and interaction between salt content and water‐to‐rice ratio were effective on the amount of OTA residue. According to the results, the optimum levels for boiling time, salt content, and water‐to‐rice ratio were 9.6 min, 3.5% salt, and 4:1, respectively. At these conditions, 76% of the OTA in rice was reduced.
Microglia mediate non‐cell‐autonomous cell death of retinal ganglion cells
Authors: Takeda Akiko , Shinozaki Youichi , Kashiwagi Kenji , Ohno Nobuhiko , Eto Kei , Wake Hiroaki , Nabekura Junichi , Koizumi Schuichi 
Published: October 2018

AbstractExcitotoxicity is well known in the neuronal death in the brain and is also linked to neuronal damages in the retina. Recent accumulating evidence show that microglia greatly affect excitotoxicity in the brain, but their roles in retina have received only limited attention. Here, we report that retinal excitotoxicity is mediated by microglia. To this end, we employed three discrete methods, that is, pharmacological inhibition of microglia by minocycline, pharmacological ablation by an antagonist for colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (PLX5622), and genetic ablation of microglia using Iba1‐tTA::DTAtetO/tetO mice. Intravitreal injection of NMDA increased the number of apoptotic retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) followed by reduction in the number of RGCs. Although microglia did not respond to NMDA directly, they became reactive earlier than RGC damages. Inhibition or ablation of microglia protected RGCs against NMDA. We found up‐regulation of proinflammatory cytokine genes including Il1b, Il6 and Tnfa, among which Tnfa was selectively blocked by minocycline. PLX5622 also suppressed Tnfa expression. Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) signals were restricted in microglia at very early followed by spreading into other cell types. TNFα up‐regulation in microglia and other cells were significantly attenuated by minocycline and PLX5622, suggesting a central role of microglia for TNFα induction. Both inhibition of TNFα and knockdown of TNF receptor type 1 by siRNA protected RGCs against NMDA. Taken together, our data demonstrate that a phenotypic change of microglia into a neurotoxic one is a critical event for the NMDA‐induced degeneration of RGCs, suggesting an importance of non‐cell‐autonomous mechanism in the retinal neuronal excitotoxicity.
A Theoretical Schema for Building Weavings of Nets via Colored Tilings of Two‐Dimensional Spaces and Some Simple Polyhedral, Planar and Three‐Periodic Examples
Authors: Thompson Benjamin , Hyde Stephen T. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWe analyse two‐component “weavings” made of a pair of dual (p,q) and (q,p) nets that undulate on both sides of the sphere, the plane and the hyperbolic plane. Families of weavings are described, sharing a common parent net. The examples describe zero‐, two‐ and three‐periodic weavings in three‐space. We derive all edge‐2‐transitive weavings with (p,q)=(3,3), (4,3), (4,4), (4,6) using Delaney‐Dress tiling theory, described in detail. The two‐dimensional hyperbolic weaving are mapped into (euclidean) three‐space to form a pair of catenated crystalline nets. The examples suggest generalisations to other weavings on surfaces, including weavings of filaments. A simple hyperbolic weaving of filaments is derived, analogous to the common warp‐and‐weft filament weaving in the plane. The resulting three‐periodic pattern is related to the molecular‐scale weaving in the synthetic COF‐505 material synthesized by Liu et al. [Science, vol. 351: 365–369, 2016].
Leiomyoma of the Retzius space in a male patient: A case report and a diagnostic approach to Retzius space diseases
Authors: Psichogios Christos I. , Chatziioannou Achilles N. , Klapa Ioanna H. , Psichogios Dimitris I. , Antoniou Aristides G. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractRetzius space is a small anatomical compartment located directly posterior to the pubic symphysis and anterior to the urinary bladder. Diseases developing primarily in this space are rare; only 7 cases of leiomyomas of the Retzius space have been reported in the literature so far, all of them in female patients. We present a unique case of a leiomyoma of the Retzius space in a male patient. An imaging‐based diagnostic approach to Retzius space disease is proposed.