bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post-polypectomy surveillance interval based on flexible spectral color imaging enhancement (FICE) with magnifying zoom imaging for optical biopsy
Authors: Zago Rodrigo de Rezende , Popoutchi Pedro , Santana Nova da Costa Lucas , Averbach Marcelo 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Background and study aims Post-polypectomy surveillance interval (SI) is determined based on the number, size, and histology of colorectal polyps. Electronic chromoendoscopy in association with magnifying imaging colonoscopy allows “in vivo” polyp histology prediction. Colorectal polyps ≤ 5 mm can be resected and discarded without pathologic assessment if the endoscopic technology when used with high confidence provides ≥ 90 % agreement between the post-polypectomy SI and the SI based on pathological assessment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the agreement between the post-polypectomy SI based on flexible spectral color imaging enhancement (FICE) chromoendoscopy in association with magnified imaging and the pathology-based SI.
Patients and methods Each diagnosed colorectal polyp received a histology prediction (neoplastic or non-neoplastic) based on the FICE capillary-vessel pattern classification. Each prediction was classified as high or low confidence. SI based on the FICE prediction was compared to the pathology-based SI recommendation according to the US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer guideline. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of FICE in diagnosing neoplastic lesions were compared with the pathology assessment. Interobserver and intraobserver agreement for FICE-based SI predictions was evaluated using the kappa coefficient.
Results A total of 267 polyps had histology prediction assessed with high confidence in 136 patients. Sensitivity of FICE was 98.7 % (95 % CI: 93.5 – 99.3) and specificity was 62.5 % (95 % CI: 43.6 – 78.9). Prediction accuracy was 94.4 % (95 % CI: 88.6 – 96 – 1) in differentiating between neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions. Therefore, magnifying FICE colonoscopy-based SI recommendation was consistent with pathological assessment in 88.3 % of general cases (95 % CI: 82.1 – 92.6) and in 89.7 % (95 % CI: 83 – 94.5) of the high-confidence evaluation cases. The intraobserver agreement value for FICE-based SI predictions was 0.87 (high-confidence evaluations), and the interobserver agreement values were 0.78 (high- and low-confidence evaluations) and 0.82 (high-confidence evaluations) (95 % CI: 0.79 – 0.95).
Conclusions FICE-based SI demonstrated 89.7 % concordance with the pathology-based SI.
Feasibility of endoscopic mucosa-submucosa clip closure method (with video)
Authors: Nishizawa Toshihiro , Banno Shigeo , Kinoshita Satoshi , Mori Hideki , Nakazato Yoshihiro , Hirai Yuichiro , Kubosawa Yoko , Sunata Yukie , Matsushita Misako , Uraoka Toshio 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Background and study aims We developed a new endoscopic closure technique using just conventional endoclips. The feasibility of endoscopic mucosa-submucosa clip closure method was evaluated in this clinical pilot study.
Patients and methods This study involved consecutive 25 patients who underwent colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection. Endoclips were placed at the edge of the mucosal defect. Each arm of the endoclip gripped the mucosa and submucosa, respectively. The direction in which the endoclip grips were placed was parallel to the short axis of the defect. Several endoclips were applied in this way. As a result, the mucosal defect was significantly reduced in size. Additional clips were placed to achieve complete closure.
Results Mean size of resected specimen was 31.2 ± 11 mm. The success rate was 96 % (24/25). Mean procedure time was 9.6 ± 4.4 minutes. Mean number of endoclips was 9.3 ± 3.7. No complications were observed in any of the patients after the procedure.
Conclusion Endoscopic mucosa-submucosa clip closure method could close mucosal defect of size around 2 – 4 cm completely using just conventional endoclips, and it seems easy, simple and low cost.
Prähospitales Notfallmanagement bei Schwangeren
Authors: Strauss Alexander , Gräsner Jan-Thorsten 
Published: December 2018

ZusammenfassungGesundheitliche Notfallsituationen während einer Schwangerschaft sind durch die Gleichzeitigkeit einer potenziellen Bedrohung von mindestens 2 Patienten charakterisiert. Diese Notfälle können dabei während eines Krankenhausaufenthaltes aber auch als prähospitales Ereignis auftreten. Aufgrund ihrer Seltenheit sind zur hinreichenden diagnostisch/therapeutischen Befähigung des notärztlichen/rettungsdienstlichen Personals nachhaltige Methoden der geburtshilflichen Wissensvermittlung/-sicherung zum Einsatz zu bringen. Durch die Vermittlung situationsangemessener Handlungsempfehlungen werden prähospitale Notfallteams ohne gesonderte geburtshilfliche Ausbildung so in die Lage zu versetzt, sich der geburtshilflichen Notfallversorgung kompetent stellen zu können. Diesem Anspruch folgend, wird in der hier beginnenden Artikelserie individuelle Kompetenz zur prähospitalen Notfalleinschätzung gemeinsam mit Kenntnissen zu sich daraus ableitenden Maßnahmen in, dem Notfallsetting angepasster inhaltlicher Tiefe vermittelt. Dies umfasst im ersten Teil die prähospitale Notfallversorgung der Schwangeren, den Notfalltransport, das Schnittstellenmanagement zwischen ambulanter und stationärer Notfallmedizin bei Einlieferung in das Krankenhaus und den innerklinischen perinatologischen Notfallplan.
Sexualität und Krankheit im Alter – Anmerkungen aus
gerontopsychiatrischer Sicht
Authors: Kortus Rainer 
Published: December 2018

Zusammenfassung
Tabuthema Der Umgang mit der Sexualität alter Menschen scheint trotz
vieler Veröffentlichungen in den letzten Jahren im medizinischen Bereich noch
immer mit Tabus besetzt. Dabei wird vergessen, dass die Sexualität eine wichtige
Rolle im Leben aller Menschen spielt. Bei Erkrankungen wird der Blick zumeist
auf diese gerichtet, ohne die Gesamtperson und die Folgen für das Sexualleben
und gegebenenfalls störende Medikamentenwirkungen einzubeziehen. Aus
psychiatrischer Sicht sollten allerdings der ganze Mensch und seine Bedürfnisse
in den Mittelpunkt rücken.
Erfassung der Sozialen Situation (SoS) nach
Nikolaus
Authors: Zemke Jens 
Published: December 2018

Zusammenfassung
Schlüsselrolle lm Rahmen des multidisziplinären Assessments ist für die
Therapiezielplanung bei älteren multimorbiden Patienten nicht nur die Erfassung
von Morbidität und Funktionsdefiziten erforderlich, sondern auch die soziale
Situation spielt eine erhebliche Rolle. Doch so sehr wie soziale Faktoren
Morbidität, Krankheitsverlauf, Prognose und Mortalität beeinflussen, so schwer
lassen sie sich valide quantifizieren.
Endoscopic suturing for management of peptic ulcer-related upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a preliminary experience
Authors: Agarwal Amol , Benias Petros , Brewer Gutierrez Olaya , Wong Vivien , Hanada Yuri , Yang Juliana , Villgran Vipin , Kumbhari Vivek , Kalloo Anthony , Khashab Mouen , Chiu Philip , Ngamruengphong Saowanee 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Background and study aims Acute non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) due to peptic ulcer disease (PUD) remains a common and challenging emergency managed by gastroenterologists. The proper role of endoscopic suturing on the management of PUD-related UGIB is unknown.
Patients and methods This is an international case series of patients who underwent endoscopic suturing for bleeding PUD. Primary outcome was rate of immediate hemostasis and rate of early rebleeding (within 72 hours). Secondary outcomes included technical success, delayed rebleeding (> 72 hours), and rate of adverse events (AEs).
Results Ten patients (mean age 66.7 years, 30 % female) were included in this study. Nine (90 %) had prior failed endoscopy hemostasis with an average of 1.4 ± 0.7 (range 1 – 3) prior endoscopic sessions. Forrest classification was Ib in 5 (50 %), IIa in 3 (30 %), IIb in 1(10 %), and IIc in 1 (10 %). Mean suturing time was 13.4 ± 5.6 (range 3.5 to 20) minutes. Technical success was 100 %. Rate of immediate hemostasis was 100 % and rate of early rebleeding was 0 %. Mean number of sutures was 1.5 (range, 1 – 4). No AEs were observed. Delayed recurrent bleeding was not observed in any cases after a median of 11 months (range 2 – 56), after endoscopic suturing.
Conclusions Oversewing of a bleeding or high-risk ulcer using endoscopic suturing appears to be a safe and effective method for achieving endoscopic hemostasis. It may be considered as rescue endoscopic therapy when primary endoscopic hemostasis fails to control the bleeding or when hemorrhage recurs after successful control of bleeding.
Cerebral metastasis in breast cancer
Authors: Müller Volkmar , Laakmann Elena , Grottke Astrid , Riecke Kerstin , Witzel Isabell 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe incidence of breast cancer brain metastases has risen steadily in recent years. Brain metastases are often the limiting factor of the disease, as survival is usually only a few months after brain metastasis occurs. Apart from the poor prognosis, cognitive and neurological deficits lead to a massive impairment of quality of life. HER2-positive or triple-negative cancers develop brain metastases more often. Studies on the subject of brain metastases were conducted mainly in cohorts with different primary tumours. To improve the available data on patients with breast cancer, the “Brain Metastases in Breast Cancer (BMBC)” registry was initiated to record the German care reality. Because of the lack of specific systemic treatment options, the main primary therapy of brain metastases is local (surgery, stereotactic radiation, whole-brain radiation). Local therapy is supplemented by systemic therapy. The choice of systemic therapy is guided especially by the extracranial disease situation, as there are practically no study data currently on the subject of systemic therapy of brain metastases specifically. Only very recently have drugs been investigated explicitly in women with breast cancer brain metastases.
Acute Motor Failure of the N. Peroneus Profundus Caused by a Cystic Tibiofibular Joint
Authors: Reisch Tania , Helmy Näder , Antoniadis Alexander 
Published: December 2018

ZusammenfassungEin Ganglion ist nur selten Ursache für eine periphere Nervenkompression. An der unteren Extremität ist es wichtig, die Symptomatik klinisch von einer Radikulopathie zu unterscheiden. In der Literatur wurden Ausfälle im Bereich des N. peroneus beschrieben. Eine akute, isolierte Fuß-/Zehenheberparese bei komplett unauffälliger Sensibilität, wie in unserem Fall, wurde bislang noch nicht beschrieben. Nach klinischer und bildgebender Diagnostik erfolgte die operative Entfernung der Zyste und Dekompression des Nervs mit nachfolgend vollständiger Erholung der Motorik. Periphere Nervenkompression durch ein Ganglion ist eine wichtige Differenzialdiagnose bei peripheren Ausfällen. Die Therapie der Wahl ist eine schnellstmögliche operative Dekompression. Eine Erholung ist innerhalb weniger Wochen zu erwarten.
Bestimmung des klinischen Nutzens systemischer adjuvanter Therapien beim frühen Mammakarzinom
Authors: Möbus Volker , Hell Susanne , Schmidt Marcus 
Published: December 2018

ZusammenfassungDie onkologische Therapie befindet sich im Umbruch. Hohe Erwartungen sind mit einer Reihe innovativer zielgerichteter Medikamente verknüpft, die sich derzeit in der klinischen Entwicklung befinden. Vor diesem Hintergrund erfahren Diskussionen um die Begriffe klinischer Nutzen oder klinische Relevanz neue Aktualität. Dies gilt auch für die Weiterentwicklungen der adjuvanten systemischen Therapie des frühen Mammakarzinoms. In Anbetracht der kurativen Zielsetzung erfolgt die Beurteilung des klinischen Nutzens einer adjuvanten Therapie maßgeblich anhand von Wirksamkeitsendpunkten. Der Fokus liegt dabei auf Verbesserungen des krankheitsfreien Überlebens und des Rezidivrisikos. Eine Aussage zum Gesamtüberleben ist aufgrund der heute erreichten niedrigen Mortalitätsraten erst nach sehr langen Beobachtungszeiten möglich. Folgerichtig sollte neuen Medikamenten für die adjuvante Therapie ein klinischer Nutzen zugesprochen werden, wenn sie eine weitere Reduktion des Rezidivrisikos über den heutigen hohen Standard hinaus ermöglichen. Die Evidenz für etablierte adjuvante Therapiestandards beim frühen Mammakarzinom kann als objektiver Maßstab zum Vergleich herangezogen werden. Am Beispiel der adjuvanten endokrinen Therapie, der adjuvanten Polychemotherapie und der adjuvanten Anti-HER2-Therapie werden in diesem Übersichtsartikel die Anforderungen für den klinischen Nutzen neuer adjuvanter Therapien beim frühen Mammakarzinom abgeleitet.
Jobelyn Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Improves Memory Performance in Mice Exposed to Anoxic Stress
Authors: Omorogbe Osarume 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Objective Chronic stress impairs memory by damaging brain cells via induction of oxidative stress. Hence, the use of agents with antioxidant activity is being investigated as potential drugs against chronic stress-induced memory decline. This study evaluated the effect of Jobelyn® (JB), a potent antioxidant food supplement on memory deficit induced by anoxic stress in mice and on brain levels of biomarkers of oxidative stress.
Method Male mice were distributed into 6 groups (n=6): group 1 (non-stress control) and group 2 (stress control) were a given saline, groups 3–5 received JB (5, 10, 25 and 50 mg/kg) while group 6 had donepezil-DP (1 mg/kg). Thirty minutes later, mice in groups 2–5 were exposed twice to anoxic condition for 15 min in acute anoxic stress. However, in sub-chronic anoxic stress, mice in groups 2–6 were subjected to the same anoxic condition for 15 min twice daily for 5 consecutive days. Thereafter, memory performance was assessed in each case using Y-maze paradigm. The concentrations of biomarkers of oxidative stress (glutathione and malondialdehyde) were only determined in the brains of mice exposed to sub-chronic anoxic stress.
Results Mice exposed to sub-chronic anoxic stress had impaired memory function, which was significantly attenuated by JB. The increased oxidative stress as shown by elevated levels of malondialdehyde and decreased concentrations of glutathione was also reduced by JB.
Conclusion The results of this study suggest that the antioxidant activity of Jobelyn® might be contributing to its ability to attenuate sub-chronic anoxic stress-induced memory deficits in mice.
Metabolomic Analysis of Diet-Induced Obese Mice Supplemented with
Eicosapentaenoic Acid
Authors: Nishitani Shigeki , Fukuhara Atsunori , Jinno Yasutaka , Kawano Hiroyuki , Yano Takashi , Otsuki Michio , Shimomura Iichiro 
Published: December 2018

AbstractEicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is an omega-3 fatty acid with anti-inflammatory
effects. To determine the effects of EPA on metabolic pathways in obese
adipose tissues and liver, mice were fed normal chow diet (NCD), high-fat
diet (HFD), or 3% EPA-containing high fat diet (HFD+EPA) for
8 weeks. Metabolomic analysis was performed using epididymal adipose tissues
(epi WAT) and liver. Metabolites that were specifically elevated in
HFD+EPA, were assessed for their anti-inflammatory properties using
RAW264.7 macrophage cells. Body and adipose tissue weights were
significantly higher in HFD than NCD, and lower in HFD+EPA than HFD.
Plasma insulin levels were significantly higher in HFD than NCD, and lower
in HFD+EPA compared with HFD. Plasma monocyte chemotactic protein-1
(MCP-1) levels were higher in HFD than NCD, and tended to be lower in
HFD+EPA than HFD. The levels of intermediate metabolites in the
glycolytic pathways were lower in HFD compared with NCD and HFD+EPA
in both epi WAT and liver, while intermediate metabolites of the TCA cycles
were elevated in HFD and HFD+EPA compared with NCD in epi WAT. Among
the metabolites in epi WAT, the levels of thiaproline, phenaceturic acid,
and pipecolic acid were specifically elevated in HFD+EPA, but not in
HFD or NCD. Treatment of RAW264.7 cells with thiaproline significantly
ameliorated LPS-induced iNOS expression, while pipecolic acid inhibited
LPS-induced IL-1β expression. These results suggest that EPA
normalizes glycolytic pathway intermediates in both epi WAT and liver, and
induces metabolites with anti-inflammatory properties.
New Avenues in Radical Trifluoromethylselenylation with ­Trifluoromethyl Tolueneselenosulfonate
Authors: Ghiazza Clément , Monnereau Cyrille , Khrouz Lhoussain , Médebielle Maurice , Billard Thierry , Tlili Anis 
Published: December 2018

We demonstrated that the shelf-stable reagent trifluoromethyl tolueneselenosulfonate can be involved in radical trifluoromethylselenylation. Upon visible-light irradiation, the homolysis of the reagent could take place at room temperature. This finding is explored for unprecedented C(sp2)–SeCF3 and C(sp3)–SeCF3 processes under transition-metal-free conditions. Mechanistic investigations, including cyclic voltammetry, luminescence measurement, and EPR studies, allowed the proposal of plausible mechanisms.1	Introduction.2	Reactivity of Reagent I with Diazonium Salts3	Reactivity of Reagent I with Alkenes and Alkynes4	Conclusion
Too Many Biopsies Performed to Rule Out Hirschsprung's Disease: But It is Worth Doing Them
Authors: Phillips Laura , Surana Rajendra , Darwish Ahmed 
Published: December 2018

Introduction The U.K. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) specify the following indications for performing rectal biopsy to rule out Hirschsprung's disease (HSD): (1) passage of meconium > 48 hours; (2) constipation since first few weeks of life; (3) chronic abdominal distension with vomiting; (4) family history of HSD; and (5) faltering growth in addition to any other indication. The aim of this study was to assess the compliance of a tertiary referral center with the current U.K. NICE guidelines for performing rectal biopsies to rule out HSD. Secondary aims included assessing alternative indications and complication rates.
Materials and Methods Retrospective analysis of patients undergoing open or suction rectal biopsies to investigate HSD, from 2009 to 2014.
Results A total of 188 patients underwent 214 biopsies (suction: n = 154, open: n = 60). Note that 128 patients (68.1%) had biopsies indicated by NICE. A total of 84.4% of indicated biopsies were ganglionic versus 91.7% of unindicated biopsies (p = 0.17). Twenty-five patients were diagnosed with HSD (mean age: 13.2 weeks, range: 3 days–3.2 years). Only 80% of HSD patients had NICE-indicated biopsies. Presentations for patients with biopsies not indicated by NICE included constipation, distension, and vomiting that did not strictly meet the guidelines. The majority of biopsies were uncomplicated (suction 82.5% vs. open 95.0%)—inadequate/indeterminate histology was the most common complication (16.2% suction vs. 5% open).
Conclusion A significant number of unindicated biopsies were performed, the majority of which were ganglionic. Rectal biopsies are generally safe and strict adherence to the NICE guidelines could have led to missed HSD diagnoses with potential significant morbidity and mortality.
People use less information than they think to make up their minds
Authors: Klein Nadav , O’Brien Ed 
Published: December 2018

Significance
People readily categorize things as good or bad, a welcome adaptation that enables action and reduces information overload. The present research reveals an unforeseen consequence: People do not fully appreciate this immediacy of judgment, instead assuming that they and others will consider more information before forming conclusions than they and others actually do. This discrepancy in perceived versus actual information use reveals a general psychological bias that bears particular relevance in today’s information age. Presumably, one hopes that easy access to abundant information fosters uniformly more-informed opinions and perspectives. The present research suggests mere access is not enough: Even after paying costs to acquire and share ever-more information, people then stop short and do not incorporate it into their judgments.
Apurinic endonuclease-1 preserves neural genome integrity to maintain homeostasis and thermoregulation and prevent brain tumors
Authors: Dumitrache Lavinia C. , Shimada Mikio , Downing Susanna M. , Kwak Young Don , Li Yang , Illuzzi Jennifer L. , Russell Helen R. , Wilson David M. , McKinnon Peter J. 
Published: December 2018

Significance
The nervous system consumes a large quotient of oxygen and as such is at risk for high levels of oxidative DNA damage. A key DNA-repair factor, apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1), is essential for repair of oxidative DNA lesions, although the specific role(s) for this enzyme in the nervous system is unknown. Surprisingly, mice lacking APE1 throughout neurogenesis were viable and showed little discernible phenotype at birth. However, after birth, when tissue oxygenation shifts from the placenta to respiration, loss of APE1 led to rapid and pronounced genome instability, resulting in widespread apoptosis, demyelination, thermoregulation defects, and brain tumors. Our findings reveal unrestrained oxidative DNA damage in the nervous system can result in specific pathology implicated in many human diseases.
Cofactors are essential constituents of stable and seeding-active tau fibrils
Authors: Fichou Yann , Lin Yanxian , Rauch Jennifer N. , Vigers Michael , Zeng Zhikai , Srivastava Madhur , Keller Timothy J. , Freed Jack H. , Kosik Kenneth S. , Han Songi 
Published: December 2018

Significance
The tau protein is involved in Alzheimer’s and other neurodegenerative diseases, where the location, morphology, and quantity of amyloid fibrils composed of tau correlate with the disease type and stage. While tau fibrillary aggregates have been colocalized in brains together with several cofactors, their role in fibril formation, structure, and seeding has been largely neglected. We show that seeding of tau aggregation is facilitated by polyanionic cofactors, and that seeded or recombinant mature fibrils depolymerize into monomers when their cofactor is removed. We show that cofactor-assisted seeding with mouse brain-derived tau fibrils yielded tau fibrils with distinct and narrowed structural properties compared with heparin-induced fibrils, suggesting that the fibrillar templates tuned the structure of the seeded fibril.
Eigenvector centrality for characterization of protein allosteric pathways
Authors: Negre Christian F. A. , Morzan Uriel N. , Hendrickson Heidi P. , Pal Rhitankar , Lisi George P. , Loria J. Patrick , Rivalta Ivan , Ho Junming , Batista Victor S. 
Published: December 2018

SignificanceAllosteric processes are ubiquitous in macromolecules and regulate biochemical information transfer between spatially distant sites. Despite decades of study, allosteric processes remain generally poorly understood at the molecular level. Here, we introduce the eigenvector centrality measure of mutual information to disentangle the complex interplay of amino acid interactions giving rise to allosteric signaling. The analysis of eigenvector centrality is tested in imidazole glycerol phosphate synthase (IGPS), a prototypical V-type allosteric enzyme. The resulting insights allow us to pinpoint key amino acids in terms of their relevance in the allosteric process, suggesting protein-engineering strategies for control of enzymatic activity.
PCNA-mediated stabilization of E3 ligase RFWD3 at the replication fork is essential for DNA replication
Authors: Lin Yo-Chuen , Wang Yating , Hsu Rosaline , Giri Sumanprava , Wopat Susan , Arif Mariam K. , Chakraborty Arindam , Prasanth Kannanganattu V. , Prasanth Supriya G. 
Published: December 2018

Significance
Ubiquitination of several DNA replication–repair proteins is a critical mechanism by which cellular DNA replication and DNA damage repair pathways are controlled. The E3 ligase RING finger and WD repeat domain-containing protein 3 (RFWD3) has emerged as an important regulator of genome stability. We propose that the association of RFWD3 to proliferating cell nuclear antigen stabilizes RFWD3 at the fork, enabling ubiquitination of replication protein A and its subsequent removal to facilitate DNA replication.