bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Listening strategy instruction for EMI learners to understand teacher input in science classrooms
Authors: Fung Daniel 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Listening strategies have mostly been investigated in contexts where learners listen to audio recordings. However,
a much more prevalent and indispensable listening task in the classroom is listening to teacher input, particularly in the English
Medium Instruction (EMI) classroom where the goal of learning is directed towards comprehension of content subject knowledge
(e.g., science, geography). Research has also shown that teacher talk dominates EMI classroom interaction, making it even more
important to understand how learners comprehend teacher input. However, little research has been conducted in this area, and even
less attention has been devoted to exploring how learners can learn to listen in this classroom context through strategy
instruction. This paper reports on a study that implemented a listening strategy instruction programme for a class of secondary
school EMI students. The study started with a needs analysis, followed by strategy instruction sessions, and lesson observations
and stimulated recall interviews. This paper presents data from two EMI students as focal participants and explores how they
improved their strategic behaviour when comprehending teacher input in the EMI classroom. Both students widened their strategic
repertoires, but the high achiever benefited more from the strategy instruction programme than the weaker student. This paper ends
with pedagogical implications, highlighting the importance of listening strategy instruction for EMI learners.
Self-regulation to develop autonomy in language teacher education
Authors: Ambinintsoa Dominique Vola , Castro Eduardo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article reports on a two-phased research study on the promotion of learner autonomy conducted in a teaching
college in Madagascar. Phase one aimed to help English as a Foreign Language (EFL) pre-service teachers improve their writing and
simultaneously develop their self-regulated learning (SRL) skills through journal writing in a bespoke nine-week reflective
writing course. The course was designed with the belief that promoting learner autonomy necessarily involves reflection on the
learning process, goals, and outcomes of learning, and that successful SRL results in increased learner autonomy. In addition,
teachers who have experienced learner autonomy are more likely to promote it in their teaching. The collected data from the course
consisted of the participants’ journal entries related to each writing task and written reflections on the course, which were
submitted to thematic analysis. Phase two took place two years after phase one. Data collection for this phase consisted of Google
Form questions and email exchanges that were intended to investigate the long-term impact of the reflective writing course on the
pre-service teachers’ ways of learning and on their preparation for their teaching practice. To illustrate the impact of the two
phases in detail, this article focuses on two case studies. They were chosen because these two participants showed lack of
self-confidence and struggles with writing at the beginning of phase one, and yet, were able to develop their SRL skills, in
particular, their goal setting and self-evaluation. This paper provides a unique contribution to the field, since not much
research has investigated learner autonomy or SRL in education in Madagascar, and few studies have returned to participants after
some time to assess long-term impact.
Longitudinal interactions of L2 learners’ motivations and strategic behavior in strategies-based writing
instruction
Authors: Teng Lin Sophie , Wei Jia , Zhang Lawrence Jun 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Strategic behavior for self-regulated learning (SRL) is crucial for academic success in L2 writing. Yet little is
known about how learners’ motivation-related factors develop as their strategic behavior progresses during classroom instruction
in L2 writing contexts. Informed by SRL theory, this longitudinal case study adopted multiple assessment approaches to explicating
the development trajectories of two Chinese L2 writers’ motivational factors relating to expectancy, value, and goal orientation
(i.e., self-efficacy, task value, and goal orientations) and strategic behavior in the classroom ecology of self-regulation
strategies-based instruction. Participants were one high-proficiency writer and one low-proficiency writer who were enrolled in
the self-regulation strategies-based writing course. They voluntarily participated in this study and completed semi-structured
interviews and reflective journals at the beginning (T1), the middle (T2), and the end of the instruction (T3). Field notes were
used to complement the primary data sources. The qualitative analyses revealed both students’ limited understanding of SRL
strategies at the initial stage. Their strategic behavior progressed with the social and metacognitive scaffolding at T2, but only
the high-proficiency writer sustained active engagement at T3. With different goal orientations and linguistic self-efficacy at
the initial stage, both students reported noticeable increases in their intrinsic goal orientation, task value, and self-efficacy
in classroom performance at T2 and T3. Their motivational states were also affected by linguistic proficiency, metacognitive
scaffolding, and social interactions during the instruction. This study is expected to provide insights into how L2 writers’ strategic behavior progresses with their changes in
motivations.
Adult migrants’ Norwegian language learning investment strategies in the workplace
Authors: Arum Nuranindia Endah 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Learning the host country’s language(s) is a necessary step toward social and professional inclusion for migrants.
However, it is often regarded as a challenging task that depends heavily on the sociocultural context in which migrants are
situated. This study explores the Norwegian language learning strategies of highly educated Indonesians outside the classroom,
particularly in the workplace, in Norway. Following the social turn in second language learning research, the study aims to
investigate how social context influences migrants’ strategies for learning Norwegian. The data were collected through a
combination of qualitative methods consisting of sequential in-depth interviews, language diaries, and focus group discussions
with four focal participants, including both recently arrived and long-term migrants. Based on Darvin and Norton’s (2015) investment model, participants’ narratives of their reported language learning strategies
are analyzed in relation to language ideology, identity, and capital in their language learning experiences. The findings from this
study suggest that migrant learners’ ideal learning strategies are influenced by their language ideologies. However, different
contextual factors, such as work tasks and roles, have a considerable impact on their learning opportunities, and consequently, on
why and how they end up using certain learning strategies but not others. Migrants’ professional identities also play an important
role in their strategy choice and use. By analyzing migrant learners’ narratives, this study provides a nuanced and
learner-centered understanding of language learning strategies in the context of migration in the globalized world. This study
also contributes new insights into the use of learning strategies of languages other than English by adult migrant learners inside
and beyond the classroom.
On the uses and restrictions of postverbal markers kah, liáu, and tio̍h in Taiwanese
Authors: Lau Seng-hian 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In Taiwanese, when a sentence or predicate follows a verb or an adjective, one of three distinct markers (kah, liáu, or tio̍h) usually occurs. Previous investigations have not provided a clear explanation of these markers. This poses difficulties in teaching Taiwanese as a second language and hinders analytical precision. Through a judgment survey conducted with nine proficient native consultants, this study comprehensively elucidates the usage of these three markers while distinctly delineating their similarities and differences. Firstly, the consultants’ responses substantiate the declining usage of V-liáu and V-tio̍h. Moreover, this study highlights the constraints associated with the types of predicates preceding these markers and how these markers are used. Furthermore, it points out that, unlike the consistent nature of resultatives in some languages, when used as a resultative, V-kah represents a strong resultative, V-liáu represents a weak resultative, and V-tio̍h exhibits both strong and weak aspects depending on the orientation involved (subject- vs. object-orientation). Additionally, this study presents one of the first to show that object-oriented constituents following these markers are subject to limitations based on their predicate types. Lastly, this study examines the ambiguous temporal implications associated with V-liáu and V-tio̍h in previous research.
Encoding complex speech acts via sentence final particles
Authors: Jin Jing 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper examines the use of the sentence final particle tai (呔) in the Changsha dialect (Xiang Chinese). It is demonstrated that tai encodes complex speech acts: on the one hand, it expresses the speaker’s high degree of certainty about the truth value of the associated proposition p; on the other, it seeks the addressee’s confirmation, via an implicitly entailed biased question, of the truth value of p. In view of the discursive interplay between the speaker and the addressee expressed by tai, the present study adopts a syntax-pragmatics interface approach to the syntax of tai, decomposing the complex speech acts it conveys into three functional projections at the structural level. Two are related to the speaker’s and the addressee’s knowledge/belief in the utterance (i.e., GroundSpkrP and GroundAdrP) and one is responsible for the speaker’s call on the addressee to confirm (i.e., ResponseP). This study contributes to cross-linguistic investigations on the grammatical realization of complex speech acts, an area which remains in its infancy. Tai represents a new type of grammatical strategy for expressing complex speech acts, that is, to encode the speaker’s commitment and the addressee’s engagement via a single lexical element without any particular intonation pattern.
Special pronominal forms in Saaroa
Authors: Li Paul Jen-kuei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Saaroa has a special set of pronominal forms not found in most other Formosan languages, as first noted by Pan (2018). This study departs from his claims that these forms only function as plurals. In fact, extensive Saaroa texts collected by different linguists (Li 2023) at different periods of time indicate that they can be either singular or plural. The functions of both the special free and bound forms will be clarified. Above all, they are contrastive. The origin of the special forms in Saaroa is suggested as a diffusion from Kanakanavu, which has similar forms with similar functions recorded earlier and is geographically adjacent. That the first person plural forms may function as singular is found not only in a few other Formosan languages, but also in unrelated languages. This study has thus cross-linguistic evidence and implications for languages in general.
Circumstantial and tactic augmentation
Authors: Alishaei Zahra , Jalilifar Alireza , Don Alexanne 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The present study attempts to unveil patterns in interactive information structure of clause enhancement that conventionalize the actual representation of circumstantial elements which add information about time, place, manner, means, and reason/cause through circumstantial augmentation, tactic augmentation, or connectives in method sections of research articles (RAs). The dataset consisted of 120 method sections of randomly selected empirical RAs from ISI-indexed Q1-ranked applied linguistic journals published between 2020 and 2022. The results of the study point to a significant distinction in hypotactic augmentation to register circumstantial information in comparison to other choices available to authors. Moreover, the most striking observation to emerge from the data is that a logical information structure of circumstantial meaning is mostly facilitated through hypotactic non-finite enhancement rather than its finite counterpart. This viable preference lies in elliptical, evincing, and expressive functions of hypotactic clauses that make comprehension more attainable to the readers and assist authors in fulfilling the generic conventions and communicative purposes of academic writing and managing interactive information structures. A major theoretical implication of the current research entails the significance of the interactive functions of the options available to authors which can impose priorities on the system of choices within the context of information.
Nonassociative gauge gravity theories with R-flux star products and Batalin–Vilkovisky quantization in algebraic quantum field theory
Authors: Vacaru Sergiu I 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Nonassociative modifications of general relativity, GR, and quantum gravity, QG, models naturally arise as star product and R-flux deformations considered in string/M-theory. Such nonassociative and noncommutative geometric and quantum information theories were formulated on phase spaces defined as cotangent Lorentz bundles enabled with nonassociative symmetric and nonsymmetric metrics and nonlinear and linear connection structures. We outline the analytic methods and proofs that corresponding geometric flow evolution and dynamical field equations can be decoupled and integrated in certain general off-diagonal forms. New classes of solutions describing nonassociative black holes, wormholes, and locally anisotropic cosmological configurations are constructed using such methods. We develop the Batalin–Vilkovisky, BV, formalism for quantizing modified gravity theories, MGTs, involving twisted star products and semi-classical models of nonassociative gauge gravity with de Sitter/affine/ Poincaré double structure groups. Such theories can be projected on Lorentz spacetime manifolds in certain forms equivalent to GR or MGTs with torsion generalizations etc. We study the properties of the classical and quantum BV operators for nonassociative phase spaces and nonassociative gauge gravity. Recent results and methods from algebraic QFT are generalized to involve nonassociative star product deformations of the anomalous master Ward identity. Such constructions are elaborated in a nonassociative BV perspective and for developing non-perturbative methods in QG.
Determining the viscosity function from the boundary measurements for the Stokes and the Navier–Stokes equations
Authors: Liu Genqian 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this paper, by combining Heck-Li-Wang’s theorem in three dimensions, Lai-Uhlmann-Wang’s theorem as well as Imanuvilov–Yamamoto’s theorem in two dimensions with our new conclusion (in any dimension), we give an answer to an open problem that asks whether one can determine the viscosity function for the Stokes equations and for the Navier–Stokes equations by boundary measurements on an arbitrary bounded domain in

R

n

, (

n
=
2
,
3

). More precisely, we show the global uniqueness for the inverse boundary value problems associated with the Stokes equations in three-dimensional bounded domain as well as in two-dimensional simple-connected bounded domain, with the Navier–Stokes equations in two- or three-dimensional bounded domain.
Second-harmonic and sum-frequency generation from dielectric metasurfaces empowered by multiple quasibound states in the continuum
Authors: Liu Tingting , Qin Meibao , Tu Xu , Liu Yuebo , Wu Feng , Xiao Shuyuan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
All-dielectric metasurfaces associated with the physics of bound states in the continuum (BICs) provide a novel platform to enhance nonlinear effects at the nanoscale. In this work, we demonstrate sharp enhancements of second-order nonlinear processes including second-harmonic (SHG) and sum-frequency generation (SFG) from a dielectric metasurface with the assistance of multiple quasi-BIC resonances at different input wavelengths. By resonantly pumping the AlGaAs metasurface under oblique incidence, nonlinear emissions are significantly enhanced across the visible wavelength regime from 500 nm to 600 nm. Thanks to the presence of multiple quasi-BIC resonances in the metasurface, enhanced SH signals at the respective nonlinear wavelengths can be achieved, and the SF emissions at 10 different wavelengths is further implemented and boosted by simultaneous excitations of any two quasi-BIC resonances. High-efficiency second-order nonlinear processes assisted by multiple quasi-BIC resonances present the potential to expand the functionalities of quasi-BIC metasurfaces in the nonlinear regime.
High-performance Teraherz photodetection in 2D materials and topological materials
Authors: Wei Yingdong , Bao Zhaowen , Wu Hongfei , Zhang Yunduo , Wen Yuanfeng , Hu Zhen , Pan Xiaokai , Lan Shiqi , Zhang Libo , Wang Lin , Chen Xiaoshuang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Photodetectors (PDs) leveraging two-dimensional (2D) materials and topological materials have garnered substantial interest due to their exceptional electronic and optoelectronic characteristics. These materials, including 2D semimetals like graphene, semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides, and topological insulators such as bismuth selenide, exhibit a broad array of bandgap values and unique photon interaction properties. To date, numerous high-performance PDs using these materials have been documented, showing significant potential in terahertz (THz) frequency applications. This review presents a comprehensive examination of PDs based on 2D and topological materials, focusing on the THz frequency. Initially, an insight into the photocurrent generation mechanisms within these materials is provided, alongside a discussion of the figure-of-merits, such as responsivity and detectivity, which are crucial for evaluating PD performance. The recent advancements in THz photodetection are then highlighted, noting exceptional attributes such as high sensitivity, ultrafast response, broad spectral operation, and anisotropic detection capabilities, based on cutting-edge devices. Early-stage applications and the integration potential of these PDs in various technologies are also explored. Concluding, the manuscript offers a forward-looking perspective, outlining ongoing challenges, future research directions, and practical advice for developing next-generation THz PDs, aiming to inspire continued innovation in this rapidly evolving field.
Calibration-free thickness and temperature measurement of oil films using broadband near-infrared absorption spectroscopy
Authors: Bonarens Matthias , Goet Gabriele , Auernhammer Ariane , Hansemann Clemens , Wagner Steven , Daun Kyle J 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper assesses broadband absorption spectroscopy for calibration-free, single-ended thickness and temperature measurements of thin liquid films with a free interface using spectrally resolved intensity measurements. The spectroscopic properties of the liquid in question, here an oil lubricant, are characterized using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. This data forms the basis for a measurement model that is used to infer the thickness and temperature of films wetting metal surfaces based on broadband spectral transmission measurements. The technique is demonstrated by inferring the properties of static films of known properties as well as free films on a rotating metal disk.
Flexible pressure sensor with metallic reinforcement and graphene nanowalls for wearable electronics device
Authors: Zhang Jingzhe , Shen Honglie , Mao Weibiao , Wang Zehui , Liao Bingjie , Li Yufang , Wu Tianru 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In recent years, flexible pressure sensors have been seen widespread adoption in various fields such as electronic skin, smart wearables, and human–computer interaction systems. Owing to the electrical conductivity and adaptability to flexible substrates, vertical graphene nanowalls (VGNs) have recently been recognized as promising materials for pressure-sensing applications. Our study presented the synthesis of high-quality VGNs via plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition and the incorporation of a metal layer by electron beam evaporation, forming a stacked structure of VGNs/Metal/VGNs. Metal nanoparticles attached to the edges and surfaces of graphene nanosheets can alter the charge transport paths within the material to enhance the responsiveness of the sensor. This layered structure effectively fulfilled the requirements of flexible pressure sensors, exhibiting high sensitivity (40.15 kPa−1), low response time (88 ms), and short recovery time (97 ms). The pressure sensitivity remained intact even after 1000 bending cycles. Additionally, the factors contributing to the impressive pressure-sensing performance of this composite were found and its capability to detect human pulse and finger flexion signals was demonstrated, making it a promising candidate for applications of wearable electronics devices.
Existence of bounded solutions for a non-periodic sublinear equation with an obstacle*
Authors: Peng Yaqun 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We prove that the sublinear equation with an obstacle

{

u
¨

+

u
α

=
p

(
t
)

,

0
<
α
<
1
,

u
≥
0
,

u

(

t
0

)

=
0
⇒

u
˙

(

t
0
+

)

=
−

u
˙

(

t
0
−

)

has infinitely many bounded solutions for non-periodic forcing p by the implicit function theorem and the non-periodic twist maps’ theory established by Kunze and Ortega.
Measurements and kinetic modeling of O2 vibrational kinetics in O2–Ar mixtures partially dissociated by a Ns pulse discharge
Authors: Orr Keegan , Esposito Fabrizio , Armenise Iole , van den Bekerom Dirk , Adamovich I V 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Vibrational kinetics of O2 is studied during the O atom recombination in an O2–Ar mixture, partially dissociated by a burst of ns discharge pulses in a heated plasma flow reactor. The time-resolved temperature in the discharge afterglow is determined by Rayleigh scattering. Time-resolved O atom number density is measured by ps Two-Photon absorption Laser Induced Fluorescence, calibrated in xenon. Time-resolved vibrational level populations of molecular oxygen, O2(v= 8–20), are measured by ps Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF), with the absolute calibration by NO LIF. Time-resolved ozone number density is monitored by broadband UV absorption. The results are compared with the predictions of a state-specific kinetic model. The experimental data indicate a rapid initial decay of O2(v) populations generated by electron impact in the discharge, due to the vibration-translation (V–T) relaxation by O atoms. This is followed by a slower population reduction, on the time scale much longer compared to that for V–T relaxation or vibration-vibration (V–V) exchange. Both O atoms and the O2(v) populations decay on the same time scale, indicating that chemical reactions initiated by the O atom recombination result in the generation of vibrationally excited O2 molecules. These trends are reproduced by the kinetic model, which shows that the reaction of O atoms with ozone is the dominant pathway of O2(v) generation at the present conditions. The predicted relative O2(v) populations are close to the experimental results, but absolute number densities differ from the experimental data. This is likely due to uncertainties in the absolute calibration of LIF measurements and in the spectroscopic model used in the data reduction. The present work demonstrates the capability for the absolute, time-resolved measurements of vibrationally excited O2 in recombining gas flows, to quantify the energy partition in the recombination reactions.