bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PHB2 alleviates retinal pigment epithelium cell fibrosis by suppressing the AGE–RAGE pathway
Authors: Chen Feng , Cai Xiaoxiao , Yu Ying 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Fibrosis is the primary cause of retinal detachment and visual decline. Here, we investigated the role of Prohibitin 2 (PHB2) in modulating fibrosis in ARPE-19 cells stimulated by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β2. The proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of ARPE-19 cells were evaluated using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, wound healing, and flow cytometry assays, and levels of fibrosis-associated and pathway-related proteins were determined by performing western blotting. To examine the mechanisms underlying ARPE-19 cell fibrosis, we performed RNA sequencing, protein–protein interaction network, and enrichment analyses. We detected increases in the expression of the fibrosis-related proteins fibronectin and collagen I in response to TGF-β2 treatment, whereas the expression of PHB2 was downregulated. PHB2 overexpression suppressed the proliferation and migration of TGF-β2-stimulated ARPE-19 cells, promoted apoptosis, and inhibited fibrosis and Smad and non-Smad pathways. PHB2 overexpression inhibited the advanced glycation end-product (AGE)–receptor of advanced glycation end-product (RAGE) pathway activated by TGF-β2 treatment, which contributed to enhancing the effects of PHB2 on cellular processes, fibrosis, and Smad and non-Smad pathways. Conversely, exogenous application of AGE counteracted the effects of PHB2 overexpression. We conclude that by suppressing the AGE–RAGE pathway, PHB2 exerts an inhibitory effect on TGF-β2-induced fibrosis in ARPE-19 cells.
Apocalypse now? – The Last Generation in digital capital’s affective ecology
Authors: Kramer Max 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This essay situates the protest actions of the German environmentalist group Die letzte Generation (LG) within an environmental critique of digital capitalism. It specifically examines the temporality of LG’s activism at the intersection of the affective ecology of digital capital and certain aspects of an apocalyptic imagination. I propose a Spinozist approach to the media environment in which LG operates that may open a path toward an immanent critique of LG’s publicity-oriented practices.
Fabrication and characterization of extracted microsized chitosan embedded PVDF membrane for wastewater treatment
Authors: Datta Deepshikha , Kumar Nitin , Bhangar Priyasi , Das Sudipta K. , Koutavarapu Ravindranadh , Das Bimal 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Critical water crisis due to overpopulation, industrialization and urbanization has resulted to the shortfall of providing safe drinking water to one billion people in the world. This work intends to fabricate modified hydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane by hydrophilic chitosan extracted from waste fish scales for wastewater treatment. Chitosan was blended with PVDF in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone solution by solution casting method. Three different concentrations of 1, 3 and 5 wt% of chitosan were taken. The morphological, spectral and thermal analysis of the produced films were elaborately studied. The contact angle decreased with the increase of chitosan content from 82.64° to 60.97°. The tensile strength decreases from 1.11 to 0.38 MPa and Young’s modulus decreased from 12.08 to 7.4 MPa with increase in chitosan content in the film from 1 to 3 %. The performance of microparticle embedded membrane was compared with the pristine PVDF membrane, and it was affirmed that the microsized-chitosan embedded PVDF membrane manifests a broad promising application perspective towards wastewater treatment owing to its excellent water flux (76 L m−2 h−1) as well as antibacterial properties.
An approach for real-time implementation of cyber security in power system network
Authors: Bhatt Kunal A. , Iyer Jyoti R. , Gupta Shailendra , Pandya Vaibhav , Thawani Raj , Bhalja Bhavesh R. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this era of Web World-3, usage of the Internet of Things (IoT) in power system networks has attained scalable altitude. By using this technology, data can be transferred and monitored from the far end. Further, the suggested corrective actions are also executed. However, recently, many cyber-attacks have been observed on the power system in which activities such as injection of false data, unwanted switching operations, formation of sub-system layers, and false indication of failure of cyber-physical components (CpC) are experienced. In the worst case, it leads to invite cascade tripping of the power system. Utmost care is taken for the selection of CpC for the power system. However, it is observed that the cyber attackers mostly take entry into the network using the CpC of the power system. Cyber attackers perform false switching operations and false data injection. This article suggests a cyber security concept to minimize the false switching operations and false data injection in the power system network. A hardware model is prepared and the working scheme is implemented using IoT technology. The hardware result suggests that the un-authentic attempt/cyber-attack has been identified and the alarm is generated. It also does not permit the un-authentic person to access the real-time data. A wide range of applicability of the suggested scheme has been verified by hardware results. In addition to this, the power factor correction algorithm also works satisfactorily in the hardware along with the cyber security constraints. In order to prove wide range of applicability of the suggested scheme, additional features such as controlling of multiple switching devices and interlock between CB and earthing switch has been successfully implemented in developed hardware.
Do hybrid closed loop insulin pump systems improve glycemic control and reduce hospitalizations in poorly controlled type 1 diabetes?
Authors: Farhat Ilham , Drishti Shah , Bochner Risa , Bargman Renee 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Hybrid closed-loop (HCL) systems improve glycemic control in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D), but their effectiveness in young, poorly controlled populations is not established and requires study.

Methods
A pre–post study was performed using electronic health records of patients 3–24 years with baseline HbA1c≥9 % prescribed HCL within the New York City Health+Hospitals System assessing HbA1c levels and hospitalizations before and after HCL initiation and factors associated with achieving HbA1c<9 % after HCL initiation.

Results
Of 47 children and adolescents who met inclusion criteria, 4.68 % female, 95.72 % non-White, and 82.22 % covered by public insurance, with a baseline average HbA1c 10.6 % (2.28 IQR). The most prevalent pump type was Omnipod 5 (70.21 %). The HbA1c was significantly lower in the postperiod than baseline (HbA1c before=median 10.6 (IQR2.28), HbA1c after=median 9.33 (IQR 2.97), difference 1.00 (IQR 1.64), p<0.05) with a decrease in median diabetes-related hospitalizations (preperiod 1.00 (IQR 1.00), postperiod 0.00 (IQR 1.00), difference −1.00, IQR 2, p<0.05). Lower baseline HbA1c levels made reaching HbA1c<9 % more likely. Multivariable analysis showed that the odds of having HbA1c of <9 % was 2.1 times less likely for every one point increase in baseline HbA1c and 12.5 times less likely for those with a pump at (p<0.05).

Conclusions
HCL therapy improved glycemic control and decreased diabetes-related hospitalizations in youth with poorly controlled T1DM. Higher baseline HbA1c levels predicted less success with HCL therapy so those who stand to benefit most benefit least.
Rhetorische Kompendien im klassischen Griechenland und spätrepublikanischen Rom: Die
Rhetorica ad Alexandrum
und die
Rhetorica ad Herennium
im historischen Vergleich
Authors: Piepenbrink Karen 
Published: November 2024

Zusammenfassung
Kulturvergleichende Überlegungen zu griechischen und römischen Rhetoriklehrbüchern sind bisher vor allem unter philologischen Gesichtspunkten und im Hinblick auf formal-technische Aspekte angestellt worden, wobei das Hauptaugenmerk auf den Parallelen zwischen den betreffenden Büchern lag. Der vorliegende Beitrag widmet sich hingegen stärker deren inhaltlicher Ausgestaltung und legt den Schwerpunkt auf grundlegende Diskrepanzen zwischen ihnen. Diese sind nicht zuletzt instruktiv, um wesentliche Unterschiede in der öffentlichen Kommunikation zwischen klassisch-griechischer Polis und spätrepublikanisch-römischer res publica zu ermitteln, die ihrerseits auf je eigene politische, soziale und kulturelle Bedingungen und damit auf Differenzen in den historischen Kontexten verweisen.
Law and Macro Finance
Authors: Borowicz M. Konrad 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article makes the case for developing law and macro-finance as an integrated research field that explores the role of credit and its regulation within the economic cycle. It highlights the importance of macro-financial conditions, such as leverage and liquidity, over traditional concerns like agency costs and efficiency when assessing the economic impact of the law. The article argues that the future of law and macro-finance research should focus on demonstrating (1) how the law operates under different macro-financial conditions, (2) how the law can shape these conditions, and (3) how these conditions influence legal frameworks. This research is partly inspired by, and could also be valuable for, organizations like the World Bank and IMF, which increasingly acknowledge the role of debt in financial crises and are beginning to promote policies that help countries better align the size of their credit markets with their economic needs.
Utilizing collagen-coated hydrogels with defined stiffness as calibration standards for AFM experiments on soft biological materials: the case of lung cells and tissue
Authors: Stylianou Andreas , Kontomaris Stylianos Vasileios , Polemidiotou Katerina , Zachariades Andreas 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) is crucial in mechanobiology for high-resolution imaging and nanomechanical measurements of biological samples, providing insights into their mechanical properties. However, AFM faces challenges such as tip damage and cantilever selection errors, impacting measurement accuracy. This study proposes a methodology using collagen-coated hydrogels with predefined stiffness for calibrating AFM measurements on soft biological materials. By facilitating appropriate cantilever selection, assessing systematic errors, and evaluating tip damage, this approach ensures reliable Young’s modulus measurements. The proof of concept with human lung cells and tissue specimens demonstrates improved accuracy and reliability of AFM-based nanomechanical characterizations, essential for understanding cellular mechanics and disease progression.
Unique features of plasmonic absorption in ultrafine metal nanoparticles: unity and rivalry of volumetric compression and spill-out effect
Authors: Khrennikov Daniil , Labuntsov Victor , Ladutenko Konstantin , Terekhov Ivan , Bogdanov Andrey , Ågren Hans , Karpov Sergey 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We present a solution to a longstanding challenge in nanoplasmonics and colloid chemistry: the anomalous optical absorption of noble metal nanoparticles in the ultrafine size range of 2.5–10 nm, characterized by a rapid long-wavelength shift in plasmon resonance as the particle size increases. Our investigation delves into the impact of alterations in electron density along the radial direction of nanoparticles and the resulting variations in dielectric constants on the spectral positioning of the plasmon resonance. We explore the interplay of the spill-out effect, volumetric compression, and their combined impact in different experimental conditions on electron density variation within the particle volume and its blurring at the particle boundary. The latter effectively forms a surface layer with altered dielectric constants and a size-independent extent. As particle size decreases, the influence of the surface layer becomes more pronounced, especially when its extent is comparable to the particle radius. These findings are specific to ultrafine plasmonic nanoparticles and highlight their unique properties.
Nanotube formation and coating of hydroxyapatite-polyvinyl alcohol-collagen composite on Ti-6Al-4V metal alloy
Authors: Charlena Charlena , Nuzulia Nur Aisyah , Hana Asiah 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Ti-6Al-4V metal is widely used as an implantable material due to its biocompatibility and corrosion resistance; however, it has low bioactive properties. The formation of nanotubes and a hydroxyapatite-polyvinyl alcohol-collagen composite coating on Ti-6Al-4V metal aims to enhance its biocompatibility and bioactivity. The nanotube oxide layer Ti-6Al-4V was formed by the anodization method. The composite’s infrared spectrum showed characteristic absorption bands from Hydroxyapatite (HAp), polyvinyl alcohol, and collagen. The composite-coated Ti-6Al-4V metal, both non-nanotube, and nanotube, showed a typical diffraction pattern of HAp and titanium element. The electron microscope image showed the uniform granular form of HAp. The corrosion test results showed that composite-coated nanotube Ti-6Al-4V metal could not improve corrosion resistance. It is also relevant to the in vitro test in a lactate ringer solution that showed the higher Ca2+ ion of nanotube Ti-6Al-4V metal than that of non-nanotube Ti-6Al-4V metal.
Coupling design features of material surface treatment for ceramic products based on ResNet
Authors: Chen Zhengkai , Xu Ting , Yu Peng 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Ceramic products is one of the important carriers of various civilizations, reflecting the lifestyle, aesthetic concepts, and technological level of society at that time. In order to study the surface treatment design features of ceramic craft products, this article analyzed the ceramic features through computer vision technology and used residual neural networks to detect the surface treatment features of ceramic craft products. The extracted texture features were classified to study and analyze the coupling features of different glazes, colors, and shapes on the formation of different textures. This study used ResNeXt50-SSD, which combined ResNeXt50 and SSD (Single Shot MultiBox Detector) algorithms, to compare feature detection with LeNet-5, VGG-16, and MobileNetV2 network models. From the experimental findings, it can be concluded that ResNeXt50-SSD was the most effective for feature recognition of ceramic craft products, with precision, recall, and mAP of 94.3, 92.1, and 89.5%, respectively. Therefore, the combination of ResNeXt50 and SSD algorithms is an effective method for detecting surface treatment features of ceramic craft products.
Demineralized cancellous bone scaffolds as reinforcement for degradable magnesium biocomposite
Authors: Escalera Carmen H. , Roncagliolo-Barrera Paola , Azamar Manuel F. , Padilla-González Alejandro , González Gonzalo , Rodríguez-Gómez Francisco Javier , Piña-Barba Cristina , Figueroa Ignacio Alejandro 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study investigates demineralized bone matrix (DBM) combined with magnesium (Mg) to create degradable composite materials. Two types of DBM were utilized: carbon-coated (H.A.) and non-carbon-coated (HA-HT). An advanced liquid metal infiltration method prevented the structural collapse of the scaffold due to capillary forces. Both composites exhibited an interphase layer primarily composed of MgO, differing in thickness by 50%, attributed to the reaction between H.A. and Mg. The Mg/H.A. composite demonstrated a compressive yield strength 1.7 times higher than Mg/HA-HT, resembling Mg’s mechanical behavior but with a lower metal phase fraction than other composites. Compared to pure Mg, the composites generated less hydrogen (45–54 ml cm−2), reducing the corrosion rate (~ 0.1181 mm year−1) under simulated conditions (90 ml cm−2 and 4.2 mm year−1 for Mg). A localized phenomenon was identified mainly at the interphase of both composites but specifically in the Mg/H.A., where the scaffold structure was kept over extended exposure periods. These materials hold promise for temporary bone fixation applications.

Graphical abstract
Identifying the influence of pouring temperature, Al-RHA composition, and pattern thickness on the properties of Al-RHA composites produced by evaporative casting
Authors: Siswanto Rudi , Subagyo Rachmat , Tamjidillah Mastiadi , Mahmud Mahmud , Setiawan Muhammad Soleh Indra 
Published: November 2024

This study investigated the effect of pouring temperature, Al-RHA composition and pattern thickness on fluidity length, surface roughness at Al-RHA composition (85:15, 80:20, 75:25) %, pouring temperature (650, 700, 750) °C, and pattern thickness (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10) mm. The challenge in this study is to optimize the fluidity length and hardness but minimize the surface roughness and porosity of the composite. The results showed that raising the pouring temperature increased the fluidity length, surface roughness, hardness, and porosity. Higher pouring temperature caused an increase in fluidity length by 13.51–54.17 % when the temperature raised from 650 °C to 750 °C. This was accompanied by an increase in hardness by 1.96–10.69 %. However, higher temperature also resulted in increased surface roughness by 3.9–7.92 % and increased porosity by 1.3–3 %. The composition ratio of Al-RHA plays an important role in determining the physical and mechanical properties of the composites. Increasing RHA content tends to increase the fluidity length but increases the surface roughness, hardness, and porosity. The higher RHA content increases the fluidity length by 2.44–11.9 % and the hardness also increases by 1.26–12.87 %. However, the higher RHA composition also increases the surface roughness by 1.2–30.95 % and the porosity increases by 2–2.7 %. The larger pattern thickness increases the fluidity length by 10.53–60.42 %. Controlling the RHA content and pouring temperature is very important to improve the physical-mechanical properties of Al-RHA composites. The results have potential applications in industries that require special composite materials such as automotive, aerospace, machinery and agricultural equipment
Identifying QOS impacts on the 4G LTE and 5G FWA integration using 2300 to 2400 MHz band reallocation for high-speed internet alternative to traditional fiber
Authors: Gunarta I Ketut , Nurdianto Nurdianto 
Published: November 2024

Although 5G technology has been in development for a considerable time, significant challenges regarding its effective implementation still need to be addressed. A key issue lies in using frequency and ensuring coexistence with previous technologies that continue to serve existing users because users in many countries' late adoption of new technologies does not always progress smoothly. This research paper aims to evaluate 5G Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) utilizing the 2300 to 2400 MHz spectrum that is usually used in 4G LTE previous technology, positioned as a viable alternative to traditional fiber optic networks, and its impact on technology valuation in spectrum usage to solve high-speed alternative traditional fiber in rural and urban areas. The study focuses on Quality of Service (QoS) related to user experience with a standard wireless access service parameter while analyzing payload growth and revenue generation improvements compared to LTE technologies. Through rigorous trials, our results demonstrate that 5G FWA not only preserves the QoS experienced but significantly enhances it as a feasibility analysis of network productivity by combining 4G and 5G technology in one service area. The implementation trial of 5G FWA resulted in notable increases of 50 % in more than 20 Mbps data throughput, contributing to 27 % substantial growth in payload and revenue in an area using only 4G LTE before 5G FWA was implemented. By providing detailed performance metrics, the trials highlighted the potential for 5G FWA to deliver broadband services more efficiently and cost-effectively, particularly in regions where geographical or economic factors constrain the expansion of fiber optics.
Development of oat malt production technology using plasma-chemically activated aqueous solutions
Authors: Kovalova Olena , Vasylieva Natalia , Dikhtyar Aliona , Andrieieva Svitlana , Omelchenko Svitlana , Kotliar Oleh , Kariyk Andrii , Rudakov Serhii , Harbuz Serhii , Onyshchenko Liudmyla 
Published: November 2024

The object of the study was oat malt production. The result of the presented study is the development of a technology for gluten-free oat malt production using cold plasma-treated technological solutions. The material for the study was oat grain. The main technological task is to obtain high-quality oat malt, which, in turn, will be suitable for producing gluten-free beverages and highly nutritious foods. The expediency of using cold plasma-treated aqueous solutions as an activator of the oat malting process and an effective disinfectant of the technological process and the finished product (oat malt) was experimentally proved. It was confirmed that using cold plasma-treated aqueous solutions can accelerate the oat germination process: the germination energy increased by 6–14 %; germination capacity by 2–10 %. The moisture content of oats when moistened increases by 6–37 %. Analysis of the amylolytic enzymatic activity showed a dynamic increase of 17.6 %. The result was the breakdown of carbohydrates. Thus, the amount of starch decreased by 2.4 %, fiber did not undergo significant changes, and the content of simple sugars increased by 2.3 %. The proteolytic activity of oat malt increased by 18.1 %. An increase in the amount of amino acids in the experimental samples was noted. The total amount of amino acids is 793 mg/100 g of product higher than in the control (i.e. by 3 %). There was also an increase in the content of vitamins B (B1, B2), as well as vitamin C, the content of which increased by 5.6 %. Disinfecting properties of cold plasma-treated aqueous solutions in relation to oat malt were noted.
The innovative technology of oat malt production can be implemented in the industrial production of gluten-free malts for the brewing industry and for producing gluten-free foods.