bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical Investigation of Natural Convection Flow in a Hexagonal Enclosure Having Vertical Fin
Authors: Asad M. Fayz -Al- , Sarker M. M. A. , Munshi M. J. H. 
Published: May 2019

Numerical study of natural convection flow in a hexagonal enclosure with a single vertical fin attached to its heated bottom wall has been carried out. Finite element method based Galerkin weighted residual technique is used to solve the governing equation. The horizontal walls of the enclosure are kept at constant high temperature while the inclined walls are kept at constant cold temperature. A vertical heated fin is attached to the hot bottom wall with a length at a position from the left surface having thickness . The Prandlt number for the flow inside the enclosure is 0.71. The results of the problem are presented in graphical and tabular forms and discussed. The fin efficiency and temperature distribution were examined. The numerical results indicate the strong influence of the mentioned parameters on the flow structure and heat transfer as well as temperature. A set of graphical results are presented in terms of streamlines, isotherms contour, temperature profiles, velocity profiles, local Nusselt number and average Nusselt number. The obtained results indicated that the heat transfer rate increases with the increase of Rayleigh number in a hexagonal enclosure. The results are validated comparing with the published works.
MEMBANGUN JARINGAN INTERNET BERBASIS LOCAL AREA NETWORK DAN HOTSPOT WiFi PADA SMA NEGERI 1 LABUAPI
Authors: Ilyas Fadhillah Hasbi , Samsumar Lalu Delsi 
Published: May 2019

Perkembangan jaringan komputer saat ini sangat pesat dan populer, sehingga jaringan komputer sering digunakan untuk berhubungan dalam suatu gedung, kantor, rumah,warnet bahkan antar gedung. Dengan menggunakan berbagai topologi yang ada, bisa diterapkan untuk membangun instalasi jaringan, membuat jaringan komputer begitu lengkap sebagai suatu mekanisme dari jaringan. Namun jaringan komputer itu sendiri terbatas pada satu daerah, di mana jaringan itu berada sehingga terkadang terdapat suatu jaringan yang amat sangat luas atau sebaliknya jaringan yang sangat kecil, sehingga dibutuhkan suatu alat untuk mengatur lalu lintas data antar jaringan tersebut. Komputer-komputer yang dilengkapi dengan sarana pendukung jaringan Local Area Network (LAN) pada suatu instansi, memberikan kemudahan bagi para pegawainya dalam beraktivitas kerja yang menuntut efisiensi dan efektifitas dalam segala hal dengan memanfaatkan jaringan Local Area Network (LAN). Sharing data yang pada masa lalu sangat merepotkan dan memakan banyak waktu, sekarang semua itumenjadi cepat dan tepat, sehingga kinerja para pegawai pun semakin meningkat dan maksimal. Disamping hal tersebut, media wireless merupakan media yang paling banyak digunakan dalam komunikasi saat ini. Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) dalam buku CISCO CCNP dan Jaringan Komputer dijelaskan bahwa WLAN berfungsi untuk menjangkau wilayah LAN yang sulit dicapai dengan kabel dan juga untuk menjangkau pengguna bergerak (mobile user). Kelebihan teknologi ini adalah mengeliminasi penggunaan kabel, yang bisa cukup mengganggu secara estetika, dan juga kerumitan instalasi untuk menghubungkan lebih dari dua komputer bersamaan. Dalam komunikasi wireless terdapat kelebihan yaitu mobilitas yang tinggi namun juga memiliki kelemahan, yaitu kemungkinan interferensi terhadap sesama hubungan nirkabel pada komputer lainnya. Dari dinamika tersebut, maka SMAN 1 Labuapi membutuhkan sebuah jaringan komputer yang mampu memberikan kemudahan dalam akses data dan informasi yang nantinya akan digunakan oleh para guru dan siswa sebagai sarana untuk tata kelola administrasi dan proses belajar mengajar.
Penerapan Teknik Data Mining untuk Clustering Armada pada PT. Siaga Transport Indonesia Menggunakan Metode k-Means
Authors: Hikmah Nuzul , Ariyanti Dyah , Sugesti Melista 
Published: May 2019

PT. Siaga Transport Indonesia adalah perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang expedisi. Armada menjadi aset penting untuk perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang ini. Beratnya muatan yang diangkut, jauhnya jarak yang ditempuh, dan usia armada menjadi faktor penyebab kerusakan armada. Hal ini berpengaruh terhadap potensi armada. Untuk itu diperlukan analysis clustering menggunakan metode k-means untuk mengetahui armada yang potensial dan yang kurang potensial. Clustering merupakan teknik pengelompokkan objek yang didasarkan pada kemiripan antar objek dalam satu cluster. K-means merupakan metode clustering yang mempunyai kemampuan mengelompokkan data dalam jumlah cukup besar dengan waktu komputasi yang relatif cepat dan efisien. Dalam penelitian ini sistem akan mengelompokkan 33 armada dengan menggunakan variabel biaya operasional, tahun kendaraan, produktivitas armada dan kilometer armada menjadi 3 kelompok dengan kategori cluster armada berpotensi rendah, sedang dan tinggi. Dari hasil akhir sistem diketahui cluster 1 atau armada dengan potensi rendah ada 7 armada, cluster 2 atau armada dengan potensi sedang ada 14 armada, cluster 3 atau armada dengan potensi tinggi ada 12 armada. Pengujian dilakukan dengan metode silhouette coefficient dengan rentang variasi nilai yang dihasilkan yaitu dibawah nol sampai dengan 0,9.
SISTEM INFORMASI PRESENSI PEGAWAI PADA KANTOR KELURAHAN BUGIS SUMBAWA BESAR
Authors: Yani Ahmad , Hafsah - , Marlinda Linda 
Published: May 2019

Perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi informasi dari waktu kewaktu mengalami perkembang dan kemajuan disegala aspek kehidupan manusia, baik dalam lembaga pendidikan, pemerintahan bahkan dalam dunia industri. Penggunaan teknologi informasi sangat penting sekali dalam menunjang dan membantu proses pengambilan keputusan yang cepat, tepat dan akurat, khuusnya dalam hal pengolahan data kehadiran pegawai yang selama ini banyak mengalami kendala. Untuk itu dibutuhkan sebuah sistem informasi dan sumber daya manusia yang memadai dan dapat membantu permaslahan presensi pegawai pada kantor kelurahan bugis sumbawa besar. Kata kunci: sistem informasi, sumber daya manusia, presensi pegawai, pengolahan data.
X-Ray Photons in the CO 2–1 “Lacuna” of NGC 2110
Authors: Fabbiano G. , Paggi A. , Elvis M. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
A recent Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array study of the Seyfert 2 active galactic nucleus (AGN) NGC 2110 by Rosario et al. has reported a remarkable lack of CO 2–1 emission from the circumnuclear region, where optical lines and H2 emission are observed, leading to the suggestion of excitation of the molecular clouds by the AGN. As interaction with X-ray photons could be the cause of this excitation, we have searched the archival Chandra data for corroborating evidence. We report the discovery of an extra-nuclear ∼1″ (∼170 pc) feature in the soft (<1.0 keV) Chandra data. This feature is elongated to the north of the nucleus and its shape matches well that of the optical lines and H2 emission in this region, which is devoid of CO 2–1 emission. The Chandra image completes the emerging picture of a multiphase circumnuclear medium excited by the X-rays from the AGN, with dense warm molecular clouds emitting in H2 but depleted of CO 2–1 line emission.
Evaluation of Traditional Classroom Teaching Methods Versus Course Delivery Via the World Wide Web
Authors: Ryan Marilyn , Carlton Kay Hodson , Ali Nagia S 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT
Higher education is moving with deliberate speed to an electronic classroom. Much has been published on faculty experiences with World Wide Web (WWW) course delivery. However, little research exists on the evaluation of these methods. The purpose of this study was to evaluate students' perceptions of two approaches to teaching: classroom and WWW modules. Classroom methods were rated significantly higher in relation to content, interaction, participation, faculty preparation, and communication. Technical skills were rated higher for WWW modules. Critical thinking and time allotted for assignments were not significantly different between classroom and WWW instruction. Open-ended comments were rich and supported both positive and negative aspects of classroom and WWW-based modules. Implications call for creativity in course development, course redesign and orientation, active communication with students, support for technical problems, faculty development, and university-wide planning through partnerships.
Etiology of Eyelid Retraction in Children: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Stout Ann U , Borchert Mark 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT
Eyelid retraction in an adult occurs usually secondary to Graves' ophthalmopathy, but in children the diagnosis is often obscure. To our knowledge, there are no reports reviewing the relative frequency of the various etiologies of eyelid retraction in children. We reviewed the records of our Pediatric Service from 1976 to 1991 and identified 16 children with eyelid retraction. The eyelid retractions were unilateral in 11 cases and bilateral in five cases, and were the result of five different identifiable causes. Unilateral eyelid retraction was associated with congenital aberrant innervation of the third nerve (3), levator fibrosis (2), hemangioma (1), hyperthyroidism (1), craniosynostosis (1) and Down syndrome (1). Bilateral eyelid retraction was associated with either hyperthyroidism (2) or bilateral optic nerve anomalies with vertical nystagmus (2).
Seven of our 11 patients with unilateral retraction had an identifiable etiology, and the remaining four patients had incomplete evaluations. Imaging studies were diagnostic in four of nine patients so studied. Based on our findings, we recommend thyroid studies in all patients with eyelid retraction without aberrant innervation, and neuroimaging if thyroid function is normal.
The Clinical Relationship of Anterior Capsular Tears and Vertical Spacing in the Femtosecond Laser Capsulotomy Procedure
Authors: Scott Wendell J. , Tauber Shachar , Eck Craig D. , Scott Rachel A. , Ohly Johann 
Published: May 2019

PURPOSE:
To evaluate the frequency of anterior capsule tears and capsule edge irregularities in femtosecond laser anterior capsulotomy, including the effect of optimized vertical spacing settings.

METHODS:
Three thousand eight hundred thirty-four cases were examined and grouped according to the femtosecond laser capsulotomy settings using manufacturer default settings with a vertical spacing of 10, 15, and 20 µm. Capsulotomy edge irregularities and anterior capsule tears were recorded intraoperatively.

RESULTS:
The anterior capsule tear rates for the 10, 15, and 20 µm groups were 0.79%, 0.35%, and 0.09%, respectively. The capsule edge irregularity rates for the 10, 15, and 20 µm groups were 6.25%, 1.13%, and 1.15%, respectively. The treatment times for the 10, 15, and 20 µm groups were 1.6, 0.7, and 0.8 second, respectively. The risk reduction of anterior capsule tears positively correlated with the 15 and 20 µm group settings. The anterior capsule tear rate difference between the 10 and 20 µm group settings was statistically significant. Capsule edge irregularity rates were reduced in the 15 and 20 µm group settings. Eye movement was monitored in the 20 µm group and was observed in 9 of 13 patients with capsule edge irregularities.

CONCLUSIONS:
Anterior capsule tear rates are low with femtosecond laser cataract surgery. The rate can be further reduced with optimization of the settings, including an increase in vertical spacing.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2019;35(5):280–284.]
Smoganica – a Cave Developed in Upper Cretaceous Breccia
Authors: Knez Martin , Slabe Tadej , Šebela Stanka 
Published: May 2019

Na planoti Banjšice (SZ Slovenija) je najdaljša izvirna jama Smoganica, dolga 492 m. Jama (na nadmorski višini 505 m) leži na jugozahodnem pobočju Čukle (770 m) vzhodno od reke Soče (153 m nad morjem). Smoganica se je razvila v apnenčevi breči, ki je tu debela 10 m in je del zgornjekrednih flišnih plasti. V okolici jame so zeleni laporji kot vključki v breči ali pa je breča vključena v plasti zelenega laporja. Klasti v debelozrnati breči, v kateri je tudi jama, merijo od nekaj cm do več dm v premeru. Klasti večinoma izvirajo iz mlajših rudistnih apnencev, spodnje in zgornje krede ter jurskih mikritnih in oolitnih apnencev. Jama Smoganica leži okrog 2 km južno od Idrijskega preloma in okrog 200 m severno od Kobariškega preloma. V jami zasledimo dve glavni razpoklinski smeri: N30-45°E in N120-135°E. Smoganica se je oblikovala kot sistem manjših rovov, ki so se razvili znotraj breče v vseh smereh. Jama je nastala v freatičnih razmerah. Kasneje je bila v celoti zapolnjena s sedimenti, nad katerimi so nastale nadsedimentne skalne oblike. Sedimenti so bili nato iz jame odnešeni. Današnji vodni tok oblikuje dno jamskih rovov. Višje vode oblikujejo fasete in draslje, nižje pa talne žlebove. Jamo lahko opredelimo kot poligenetsko, saj je njene dele že povsem preoblikovala voda, ki prenika s površja in polzi po jamskih stenah. On the Banjšice plateau (NW Slovenia) the longest spring cave is 492 m long Smoganica. The cave (505 m above sea level) is situated on the SW slope of Čukla (770 m) E from the Soča river (153 m above the sea level). Smoganica is developed in limestone breccia, which is 10 m thick and belongs to the Upper Cretaceous flyschrocks. On the territory around the cave, the green marls are included in breccias or breccias are included into the green marls. Clasts in coarse-grained breccia, in which the cave is located, vary from some cm to several dm in diameter. Clasts are mostly deriving from younger rudist limestones, Lower and Upper Cretaceous and Jurassic micritic and oolitic limestones. Smoganica is situated about 2 km south from Idrija fault and about 200 m north from Kobarid fault. There are two principal fissure orientations in the cave, N30-45ºE and N120-135ºE. Smoganica was formed from the system of smaller passages that have been developed inside the breccia in 3D. The cave was formed in phreatic conditions, later it was completely filled with cave sediments.In the next stagethe above-sediment rock forms were developed. Cave sediments were later removed from the cave. Today the active water stream is cutting rock forms in the bottom of the cave passages. Higher water quantities are forming scallops and potholes and lower quantities floorchannels. Smoganica can be described as polygenetic cave because the percolating water is reshaping the passages.
Quand l’enquêté mène l’enquête
Authors: Bertho Elara 
Published: May 2019

Ce texte analyse l’écriture de l’histoire en Haute-Guinée à partir de la figure de Djiguiba Camara, écrivain polygraphe ayant rédigé une « Histoire locale » en 1955. Cet écrivain fut également un informateur de l’historien français Yves Person et il entretint des rapports houleux avec lui, la famille Camara dénonçant aujourd’hui un « vol de texte ». Il ne s’agira pas de prendre parti entre ces mémoires divergentes, mais bien plutôt d’analyser la place de l’enquêteur en sciences humaines, son souvenir et les mises en scène de soi des enquêtés qui décident de mener eux-mêmes l’enquête.
SIDT1 Localizes to Endolysosomes and Mediates Double-Stranded RNA Transport into the Cytoplasm
Authors: Nguyen Tan A. , Smith Blake R. C. , Elgass Kirstin D. , Creed Sarah J. , Cheung Shane , Tate Michelle D. , Belz Gabrielle T. , Wicks Ian P. , Masters Seth L. , Pang Ken C. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractdsRNA is a common by-product of viral replication and acts as a potent trigger of antiviral immunity. SIDT1 and SIDT2 are closely related members of the SID-1 transmembrane family. SIDT2 functions as a dsRNA transporter and is required to traffic internalized dsRNA from endocytic compartments into the cytosol for innate immune activation, but the role of SIDT1 in dsRNA transport and in the innate immune response to viral infection is unclear. In this study, we show that Sidt1 expression is upregulated in response to dsRNA and type I IFN exposure and that SIDT1 interacts with SIDT2. Moreover, similar to SIDT2, SIDT1 localizes to the endolysosomal compartment, interacts with the long dsRNA analog poly(I:C), and, when overexpressed, enhances endosomal escape of poly(I:C) in vitro. To elucidate the role of SIDT1 in vivo, we generated SIDT1-deficient mice. Similar to Sidt2−/− mice, SIDT1-deficient mice produced significantly less type I IFN following infection with HSV type 1. In contrast to Sidt2−/− mice, however, SIDT1-deficient animals showed no impairment in survival postinfection with either HSV type 1 or encephalomyocarditis virus. Consistent with this, we observed that, unlike SIDT2, tissue expression of SIDT1 was relatively restricted, suggesting that, whereas SIDT1 can transport extracellular dsRNA into the cytoplasm following endocytosis in vitro, the transport activity of SIDT2 is likely to be functionally dominant in vivo.
Prostaglandin E2 Inhibits the Ability of Neutrophils to Kill Listeria monocytogenes
Authors: Pitts Michelle G. , D’Orazio Sarah E. F. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
PGE2 is a lipid-signaling molecule with complex roles in both homeostasis and inflammation. Depending on the cellular context, PGE2 may also suppress certain immune responses. In this study, we tested whether PGE2 could inhibit bacterial killing by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) using a mouse model of foodborne listeriosis. We found that PGE2 pretreatment decreased the ability of PMN harvested from the bone marrow of either BALB/cByJ or C57BL/6J mice to kill Listeria monocytogenes in vitro. PGE2 treatment slowed the migration of PMN toward the chemoattractant leukotriene B4, decreased uptake of L. monocytogenes by PMN, and inhibited the respiratory burst of PMN compared with vehicle-treated cells. When immune cells were isolated from the livers of infected mice and tested directly ex vivo for the presence of PGE2, BALB/cByJ cells produced significantly more than C57BL/6J cells. Together, these data suggest that robust PGE2 production can suppress PMN effector functions, leading to decreased bacterial killing, which may contribute to the innate susceptibility of BALB/cByJ mice to infection with the facultative intracellular bacterial pathogen L. monocytogenes.
The visual perception and attractiveness of maxillary central incisor abrasion as evaluated via eye-tracking
Authors: Trevisan Cássio , Pithon Matheus Melo , Meira Thiago Martins , Miyoshi Caio Seiti , Saga Armando Yukio , Tanaka Orlando Motohiro 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the visual esthetic perceptions of dentistry students and laypeople with regard to abrasions of the maxillary incisor edges in a frontal smile analysis. Materials and Methods: Abrasions were analyzed through a series of edited frontal photographs, at increments of 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, and 1.5 mm, in two subjects (one male and one female, respectively). Raters were dentistry students and laypeople. To obtain ocular tracing data, two software programs Ogama and The Eye Tribe Tracker® were used together, which allowed us to visualize ocular movement in certain areas of interest. Specifically, the images were visualized by 30 dentistry students and 30 laypeople. Heat maps and scan paths were generated by the software programs to assess the main regions of ocular fixation. Results: According to the analyzed images, the larger the area of abrasion, the greater the visualization at that point. Small differences were observed in both groups; however, the students showed a higher concentration of attention in the region of abrasions as compared with the laypeople. Conclusions: There were differences between the groups. Dentistry students maintained their focus for most of the time in the region or near the region of abrasions, while laypeople largely diverged their gaze to other areas and allocated significant visual attention when they observed larger abrasions.
Process-based flood frequency analysis in an agricultural watershed exhibiting nonstationary flood seasonality
Authors: Yu Guo , Wright Daniel B. , Zhu Zhihua , Smith Cassia , Holman Kathleen D. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract. Floods are the product of complex interactions among processes including
precipitation, soil moisture, and watershed morphology. Conventional flood
frequency analysis (FFA) methods such as design storms and discharge-based
statistical methods offer few insights into these process interactions and
how they “shape” the probability distributions of floods. Understanding and
projecting flood frequency in conditions of nonstationary hydroclimate and
land use require deeper understanding of these processes, some or all of
which may be changing in ways that will be undersampled in observational
records. This study presents an alternative “process-based” FFA approach
that uses stochastic storm transposition to generate large numbers of
realistic rainstorm “scenarios” based on relatively short rainfall remote
sensing records. Long-term continuous hydrologic model simulations are used
to derive seasonally varying distributions of watershed antecedent
conditions. We couple rainstorm scenarios with seasonally appropriate
antecedent conditions to simulate flood frequency. The methodology is applied
to the 4002 km2 Turkey River watershed in the Midwestern United States,
which is undergoing significant climatic and hydrologic change. We show that,
using only 15 years of rainfall records, our methodology can produce accurate
estimates of “present-day” flood frequency. We found that shifts in the
seasonality of soil moisture, snow, and extreme rainfall in the Turkey River
exert important controls on flood frequency. We also demonstrate that
process-based techniques may be prone to errors due to inadequate
representation of specific seasonal processes within hydrologic models. If
such mistakes are avoided, however, process-based approaches can provide a
useful pathway toward understanding current and future flood frequency in
nonstationary conditions and thus be valuable for supplementing existing FFA
practices.
A foreign body (a fish bone) in the esophagus translocating into soft tissues of the neck – a case report
Authors: Licznerska-Kreczko Magda , Kuczkowski Jerzy , Nowicki Tomasz , Świerblewski Maciej , Skorek Andrzej 
Published: May 2019

Background:
Patients with foreign bodies in upper digestive tract not infrequently trigger many diagnostic and treatment challenges, especially when foreign bodies translocate and are lodged outside the esophagus.

Case report:
We present a case of a foreign body in esophagus 56-years old woman who had developed persistent sensation of an obstacle in her throat after eating fish (Atlantic cod). She has initially dismissed her symptoms and refused medical treatment. Subsequently, a neck CT done one week later showed a 20-milimeter long fish bone in the soft tissues on the left side	of her neck (between pharynx and vertebral column). Few attempts of endoscopic removal were unsuccessful. Despite antibiotic prophylaxis and due to the fish bone translocation into soft tissues of the neck and its location close to a common carotid artery and an internal jugular vein a decision was made to remove it from the external approach. The foreign body was successfully removed without any esophageal damages.

Conclusions:
Foreign bodies in digestive tract may result in many life-threatening complications. The fundamental management is based on the endoscopic removal of a foreign body and the antibiotic prophylaxis. In case of foreign	bodies lodged in soft tissues open surgery is recommended.

Key words:
foreign body in the esophagus; fish bone; paraesophageal abscess ; treatment