bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Breaking down the laughter: an exploration into the linguistic dimensions in stand-up comedy ratings
Authors: Cela Herald , Veit Sarah-Vanessa , Wood Guilherme 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDespite the pervasive influence of humor in society, comprehensive quantitative studies exploring its dimensions and societal reception are scarce. This study advances the field by analyzing stand-up comedy specials, linking linguistic elements to humor theories and audience ratings, using the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC-22). The analysis explored the presence and association of Affect, Social, and Cognitive dimensions with ratings of standup comedy shows. Statistical analyses entailed using linear mixed models, incorporating comedians as random effects. Female comedians consistently received lower ratings than males, reflecting historical gender biases, while recent shows received lower ratings than older ones, suggesting the challenge of surpassing pioneering works. Negative emotion positively influenced ratings, while negative mood words had a detrimental effect, highlighting the delicate balance in comedic narratives. Social markers significantly predicted ratings, with moralization negatively impacting them, while the use of social referents, particularly female pronouns, improved ratings. These findings offer valuable insights into the linguistic dynamics of stand-up comedy, informing future research and practice in the comedy industry.
Macrophage depletion in inflamed rat knees prevents the activation of synovial mesenchymal stem cells by weakening Nampt and Spp1 signaling
Authors: Kodama Hayato , Endo Kentaro , Sekiya Ichiro 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Macrophages and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) engage in crucial interplay during inflammation and have significant roles in tissue regeneration. Synovial MSCs, as key players in joint regeneration, are known to proliferate together with macrophages in synovitis. However, the crosstalk between synovial MSCs and macrophages remains unclear. In this study, we investigated changes in the activation of synovial MSCs in inflamed rat knees following selective depletion of macrophages with clodronate liposomes.

Methods
Acute inflammation was induced in rat knee joints by injection of carrageenan (day 0). Clodronate liposomes were administered intra-articularly on days 1 and 4 to deplete macrophages, with empty liposomes as a control. Knee joints were collected on day 7 for evaluation by histology, flow cytometry, and colony-forming assays. Concurrently, synovial MSCs were cultured and subjected to proliferation assays, flow cytometry, and chondrogenesis assessments. We also analyzed their crosstalk using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq).

Results
Clodronate liposome treatment significantly reduced CD68-positive macrophage numbers and suppressed synovitis. Immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry showed decreased expression of CD68 (a macrophage marker) and CD44 and CD271 (MSC markers) in the clodronate group, while CD73 expression remained unchanged. The number of colony-forming cells per 1000 nucleated cells and per gram of synovium was significantly lower in the clodronate group than in the control group. Cultured synovial MSCs from both groups showed comparable proliferation, surface antigen expression, and chondrogenic capacity. scRNA-seq identified seven distinct synovial fibroblast (SF) subsets, with a notable decrease in the Mki67+ SF subset, corresponding to synovial MSCs, in the clodronate group. Clodronate treatment downregulated genes related to extracellular matrix organization and anabolic pathways in Mki67+ SF. Cell–cell communication analysis revealed diminished Nampt and Spp1 signaling interaction between macrophages and Mki67+ SF and diminished Ccl7, Spp1, and Csf1 signaling interaction between Mki67+ SF and macrophages in the clodronate group. Spp1 and Nampt promoted the proliferation and/or chondrogenesis of synovial MSCs.

Conclusions
Macrophage depletion with clodronate liposomes suppressed synovitis and reduced the number and activity of synovial MSCs, highlighting the significance of macrophage-derived Nampt and Spp1 signals in synovial MSC activation. These findings offer potential therapeutic strategies to promote joint tissue regeneration by enhancing beneficial signals between macrophages and synovial MSCs.
Evaluation of pulmonary artery pressure, blood indices, and myocardial microcirculation in rats returning from high altitude to moderate altitude
Authors: Yan Chunlong , Ma Jinfeng , Tian Dengfeng , Yan Tingjun , Zhang Chenhong , Zhang Fengjuan , Zhao Yuchun , Fu Shihan , Zhang Qiang , Xia Mengxue , Li Yue , Sun Yanqiu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
To investigate changes in pulmonary artery pressure (PAP), blood indices, and myocardial microcirculation in rats returning from high altitude (HA) to moderate altitude (MA).

Methods
Forty 4-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups with ten rats in each group. One group was transported to the MA area (MA-group), and the other three groups were transported to HA (HA-group-A, HA-group-B, and HA-group-C). After 28 weeks of age, the rats from the HA area were transported to the MA area for 0 days, 10 days, and 20 days, respectively. PAP, routine blood tests, and computed tomography myocardial perfusion indices were measured.

Results
Compared with the MA-group, the body weight of HA-groups decreased (p < 0.05), and PAP in HA-group-A and HA-group-B increased (p < 0.05). In the HA groups, PAP initially increased and then decreased. Compared with the MA-group, red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), and hematocrit (HCT) of rats in HA-group-A increased (p < 0.05). Compared with the HA-group-A, RBC, HGB, and HCT of HA-group-B gradually decreased (p < 0.05) while MCV decreased (p < 0.05), and PLT of HA-group-C increased (p < 0.05). Compared with the MA group, blood flow (BF) and blood volume (BV) of the HA-group-A decreased (p < 0.05). Compared with the HA-group-A, TTP increased first and then decreased (p < 0.05), and BF and BV increased gradually (p < 0.05). Pathological results showed that myocardial fiber arrangement was disordered, and cell space widened in the HA group.

Conclusion
PAP, blood parameters, and myocardial microcirculation in rats returning from high to MA exhibited significant changes.

Relevance statement
This study provides an experimental basis for understanding the physiological and pathological mechanisms during the process of deacclimatization to HA and offers new insights for the prevention and treatment of deacclimatization to HA syndrome.

Key Points

Forty rats were raised in a real plateau environment.

Myocardial microcirculation was detected by CT myocardial perfusion imaging.

The PAP of the unacclimated rats increased first and then decreased.

The myocardial microcirculation of the deacclimated rats showed hyperperfusion changes.

Graphical Abstract
The inverse correlation between serum zinc levels and depression severity in Egyptian adolescent students: a case–control study
Authors: Abdelmoneam Amany H. , Khafagy Ghada M. , Elbeh Khaled A. , Hasan Marwa D. A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Depression significantly impacts adolescents’ quality of life, with zinc deficiency suggested as a contributing factor. This study aimed to explore the relationship between serum zinc levels and depression among Egyptian adolescent students, hypothesizing an inverse correlation between zinc levels and depression severity. In a case–control study, 358 students from two randomly selected secondary schools in (blind to peer review) Governorate, Egypt, were screened for depression using the Arabic version of the Beck Depression Inventory. Based on the screening, 86 cases with depression and 86 matched controls were identified. Serum zinc levels were measured, and socio-economic status (SES) was assessed using the Gilany SES questionnaire. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 26.0, employing t-tests, ANOVA, and Chi-square tests, with significance set at p < 0.05.

Results
The study found a statistically significant difference in serum zinc levels between depressed and non-depressed groups, with depressed participants exhibiting lower zinc levels. Furthermore, a significant negative correlation was observed between depression severity and zinc levels, even after adjusting for age, sex, and SES. The predictive value of zinc levels in diagnosing depression demonstrated a sensitivity of 64% and specificity of 60.5%.

Conclusions
The findings confirm the hypothesis of an inverse relationship between serum zinc levels and depression among adolescents, underscoring the potential role of zinc in depression's pathophysiology and its relevance in preventive and therapeutic strategies. Future research should investigate the mechanisms underlying this association and evaluate zinc supplementation's efficacy in depression management.
Association between estrogen receptor-1 gene polymorphisms (rs1801132, rs2228480, rs2234693) and migraine susceptibility: an unveiling association through a comprehensive meta-analysis
Authors: Stephen Sharon Benita , Saravanan Jayakanthan , Chandrashekar Gurudeva , Subbaraj Gowtham Kumar 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Introduction
This meta-analysis aims to find the relationship of ESR-1 gene polymorphisms (rs1801132, rs2228480, and rs2234693) with migraine risk among Caucasian and Asian populations.

Methods
To perform the present meta-analysis a search was carried out across several databases. The data obtained from the databases were analysed statistically using Review Manager 5.4 and MetaGenyo software. A total of 20 case–control studies were selected among them 12 articles were consisting of seven articles belonging to rs1801132, five articles belonging to rs2228480, and six articles belonging to rs2234693 for revealing the relationship between ESR-1 gene polymorphisms (rs1801132, rs2228480, and rs2234693) and migraine risk. The protocol for the present meta-analysis was registered (PROSPERO ID Number: 441920).

Results
A total of 20 articles were included in this meta-analysis. According to the findings of this study, people with ESR-1 (rs1801132, rs2228480, and rs2234693 did not show an association with migraine risk in the allelic, recessive, dominant, and over-dominant models.

Conclusion
However, the results from the present meta-analysis are conflicting from the previously meta-analysis reports. Further research is needed to unravel the complex genetic basis of this debilitating condition.
Increased atrial, ventricular, and total epicardial fat volumes in non-valvular atrial fibrillation: a CMR DIXON study
Authors: Mohammad Abdelaziz Hanaa Mahmoud , Salem Salem Reham Shaaban , Fathy Waly Hesham Mohammed , Abdul Lateef Maaty Abdul Razek , Fouda Nehad Samy , Abu-El Fadl Hend Gamal 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent persistent arrhythmia in the heart. Several clinical conditions are known to predispose AF development including obesity. Impressive data suggests that local epicardial fat depots play an important role in AF development. When determining total body fat, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is often regarded as the gold standard. It is also a viable option for identifying and measuring epicardial fat. We aimed to evaluate the relation between epicardial fat volume measured by cardiac MRI and the presence of non-valvular atrial fibrillation.

Subjects and methods
The study is an observational comparative case–control study conducted on 31 patients with AF and a comparative group of 31 individuals with matched age, sex, and other risk factors who had never experienced AF. Each participant was subjected to full history taking, a detailed history of AF, and cardiac MRI. CMR Dixon sequence was used and manually processed for epicardial fat volume quantification, then atrial, ventricular and total epicardial fat volumes were compared in the 2 groups.

Results
There is a statistically significant difference between AF case group vs control group with higher atrial, ventricular, and total epicardial fat volume in AF case group (193.9 ± 68.0 ml, 248.2 ± 55.5 ml, 442.1 ± 94.6 ml) vs control (91.4 ± 34.0 ml, 134.5 ± 44.4 ml, 225.9 ± 69.7 ml), respectively.

Conclusion
Our study reveals a higher epicardial fat volume in AF patients compared to healthy controls, suggesting epicardial fat as a potential risk factor for non-valvular AF.
Breast metastasis from primary renal cell carcinoma, ten years after nephrectomy
Authors: Fares Nevien Ragae , Hosny Ghada Ezzat 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Metastasis to the breast from non-breast tumors is uncommon, and breast metastasis from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is extremely rare. Despite the high incidence of primary breast cancer, it is important to consider metastasis from other cancers in patients with a history of malignancies.
Case presentation
A 60-year-old female with a history of right nephrectomy for RCC 10 years prior, who had missed follow-up for 7 years, presented with hepatic metastases that had been under treatment for the past 2 years. During routine follow-up, a small lesion in her right breast was incidentally found on chest-computed tomography. She was referred for further imaging, and mammography and ultrasound revealed a BI-RADS 3 lesion. Six months later, the lesion had grown rapidly, and a follow-up CT showed a tripling in size along with an increase in the size and number of hepatic metastases. A biopsy of the breast lesion confirmed it as metastatic RCC.

Conclusions
This case is unusual due to the rare site of metastatic spread. Physicians should be aware of considering metastasis when new breast lesions appear in patients with a history of RCC. A biopsy should be considered essential in such cases to ensure accurate diagnosis.
Multifunctional approach with LHRH-mediated PLGA nanoconjugate for site-specific codelivery of curcumin and BCL2 siRNA in mice lung cancer
Authors: Lahan Madhuchandra , Saikia Trideep , Dutta Kalpajit , Baishya Rinku , Bharali Alakesh , Baruah Sunayana , Bharadwaj Rituraj , Medhi Subhash , Sahu Bhanu P. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Lung cancer remains a leading cancer type, but current chemotherapy is limited by issues including poor drug delivery, toxicity, and resistance. To address these challenges, we developed a novel PLGA-PEG-LHRH (PPL) nanoconjugate system for improved drug delivery. Curcumin, known for its anticancer and P-gp inhibition properties, was co-loaded with bcl2siRNA (bclsR) to inhibit the bcl2 protein, thus overcoming both resistance mechanisms.

Results
The PPL conjugate was successfully synthesized and characterized using FTIR, 1H NMR, XRD, XPS and BCA assay. Curcumin and bclsR-loaded PLGA nanoemulsions were prepared by double emulsion solvent evaporation method and characterized. The optimized nanoconjugate had size of 179 ± 16 nm, favorable zeta potential, high drug entrapment, and was confirmed via TEM. Controlled release studies indicated 83% drug release within 24 h. In vitro studies revealed significant cytotoxicity against A549 lung cancer cells, with the nanoconjugate showing IC50 of 8.24 µg/mL compared to 21.26 µg/mL for plain curcumin. Enhanced cellular uptake and effective targeting of A549 cells were observed. Molecular analyses demonstrated significant downregulation of MDR1 and Bcl2 RNA and protein expression, highlighting the nanoconjugates' ability to suppress resistance mechanisms. Pharmacokinetic studies in Wistar rats showed superior plasma drug concentrations, half-life, and AUC for the nanoconjugate versus pure drug suspension. Biodistribution studies showed increased drug accumulation in the lungs. In vivo efficacy studies in Balb/c mice demonstrated higher tumor inhibition ratios for CUR-siRNA PPL NPs (66.89%) and CUR-PPL NPs (59.84%) which was further confirmed with TNFα and p53 levels in blood. Histopathological studies showed good healing in the CUR-siRNA PPL NP- and CUR-PPL NP-treated mice compared to suspension.

Conclusion
From the study, it may be concluded that the PPL nanoconjugate system, loaded with curcumin and bcsR, can be potentially effective, multifunctional targeted approach for lung cancer therapy.

Graphical Abstract
Familial Glucocorticoid Deficiency in Twins: A Novel Mutation and Impact on Social Determinants of Health Outcome
Authors: Wei Wei , Shaibi Gabriel Q , Cooper-Hastings Laura , Newbern Dorothee 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Familial glucocorticoid deficiency (FGD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder that causes isolated glucocorticoid deficiency. Here, we report on 22-month-old twin females of Native American ancestry who presented within 1 week of each other in adrenal crisis and were ultimately diagnosed with FGD because of a novel pathogenic variant, c1924G&gt;T (p. Gly642*), in the nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (NNT) gene. This is the first report of FGD in a Native American population. The process of reaching the final diagnosis was complicated by several social determinants including geographic rurality, access to subspecialists, financial constraints, and challenges obtaining approval for genetic testing despite having insurance. Concerted efforts by the family, the local pediatrician, the Indian Health Service, and our tertiary care pediatric health system were required to reach the final diagnosis and develop an appropriate plan of care for the patients.
ImmunoCellCycle-ID – a high-precision immunofluorescence-based method for cell cycle identification
Authors: Chen Yu-Lin , Chen Yu-Chia , Suzuki Aussie 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
The cell cycle is a fundamental process essential for cell proliferation, differentiation and development. It consists of four major phases: G1, S, G2 and M. These phases collectively drive the reproductive cycle and are meticulously regulated by various proteins that play crucial roles in both the prevention and progression of cancer. Traditional methods for studying these functions, such as flow cytometry, require a substantial number of cells to ensure accuracy. In this study, we have developed a user-friendly immunofluorescence-based method for identifying cell cycle stages, providing single-cell resolution and precise identification of G1, early/mid S, late S, early/mid G2, late G2, and each sub-stage of the M phase using fluorescence microscopy called ImmunoCellCycle-ID. This method provides high-precision cell cycle identification and can serve as an alternative to, or in combination with, traditional flow cytometry to dissect detailed sub-stages of the cell cycle in a variety of cell lines.
Efficacy of Risk Prevention Management Based on Heinrich’s Law in Nursing Care of Elderly Patients Undergoing Digestive Endoscopy
Authors: Huang Li , Zhu Sujuan , Chu Jing , Zhong Suqin 
Published: November 2024

Objective: To study the efficacy of risk prevention management based on Heinrich’s Law in nursing care of elderly patients undergoing digestive endoscopy (DE).
Methods: In this retrospective study clinical data of 182 elderly patients who underwent DE in Hai’an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from April 2021 to September 2023 were collected. A total of 89 patients received routine nursing care (Control-group), and 93 patients received risk prevention management based on Heinrich’s Law in addition to the routine nursing (Observation-group). Vital signs indicators, stress response levels, Boston bowel preparation score, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-State (STAI-S), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-Trait (STAI-T) score, incidence of adverse events, and nursing satisfaction were assessed and compared between the two groups.
Results: Vital signs of the patients in the Observation-group were more stable than those of the Control-group 15 minutes and 30 minutes after the endoscopic inspection (P<0.05). After the procedure, stress response of the Observation-group was significantly milder than that of the Control-group (P<0.05). The Boston bowel preparation score in the Observation-group was significantly higher (P<0.05), while STAI-S and STAI-T scores were significantly lower than those in the Control-group (P<0.05). Implementing risk prevention management based on Heinrich’s Law was associated with significantly lower incidence of adverse events (P<0.05), and markedly higher nursing satisfaction (P<0.05).
Conclusions: Adopting a risk prevention management model based on Heinrich’s Law for elderly patients undergoing DE can stabilize vital signs, alleviate anxiety, reduce the risk of adverse events, and increase patient satisfaction in this vulnerable group.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.11.10744
How to cite this: Huang L, Zhu S, Chu J, Zhong S. Efficacy of Risk Prevention Management Based on Heinrich’s Law in Nursing Care of Elderly Patients Undergoing Digestive Endoscopy. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(11):2502-2507. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.11.10744
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Efficacy of sacubitril/valsartan combined with dapagliflozin in treating patients with heart failure and diabetes after an acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Zhang Lifang , Tang Xiuying , Li Runjun , Niu Jinxia , Gong Jie 
Published: November 2024

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of sacubitril/valsartan combined with dapagliflozin in diabetic patients suffering from heart failure following an acute myocardial infarction.
Methods: This retrospective study included 80 diabetic patients who had heart failure after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and were hospitalised at First Hospital of Qinhuangdao between January 2021 and January 2023. They were randomly divided into the control and observation groups (each group n = 40). In addition to fundamental anti-heart failure treatment, the control group was administered with sacubitril/valsartan, whereas the observation group received sacubitril/valsartan combined with dapagliflozin. The treatment lasted for six months, and the patient’s glucose-associated targets and prognosis before and after treatment were compared in both groups.
Results: Six months after the treatment, the fasting blood glucose, 2-h postprandial blood glucose and HbA1c levels of patients from both groups significantly decreased. The decrease was more prominent in the observation group than in the control group, with significant differences (P < 0.05). Additionally, the LVEF, CO, CI and NT-proBNP levels considerably decreased in both groups after treatment, with the observation group exhibiting a more notable decrease that was significantly different (P < 0.05). An inter-group comparison showed that the differences were not significant (P > 0.05).
Conclusions: In diabetic patients suffering from heart failure after an AMI, treatment with sacubitril/valsartan combined with dapagliflozin may effectively control blood glucose levels and improve cardiac functions without increasing adverse reactions, indicating high clinical safety.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.11.8972
How to cite this: Zhang L, Tang X, Li R, Niu J, Gong J. Efficacy of sacubitril/valsartan combined with dapagliflozin in treating patients with heart failure and diabetes after an acute myocardial infarction. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(11):2464-2469. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.11.8972
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.