bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“It’s a reasonable gamble” – rural residents’ experience participating in cancer clinical trials at a single rural trial unit.
Authors: McPhee Narelle , Hughes Diane , Ristevski Eli 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background

We conducted a qualitative study to examine what factors influence rural-residing people with cancer to participate in cancer clinical trials (CCT) and what factors influence their retention in CCT.

Methods

Purposive sampling was used to recruit participants from a regional cancer centre in Victoria, Australia, to participate in a semi-structured interview. Eligible participants were ≥18 years of age at the time of cancer diagnosis, newly consented to a clinical trial (<1 year) or have been a trial participant for ≥1 year, lived in a non-metropolitan area classified within the Monash Modified (MM) Model 2-7 and able to provide informed consent. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the interview data.

Results

Seventeen participants were interviewed; 10 identified as female and seven as male. Participant’s ages ranged from 52-77 years, with a median age of 62 years. Eight participants had been on a CCT for ≤1 and 10 for ≥ 1 year. Factors that influenced their decision to participate in a CCT included trust and confidence in clinical trial staff, exposure to and trust in the experiences of cancer peers, altruism, low-risk trials and local access to trials. The factors influencing their decision to remain in a CCT included balancing the benefits and burdens of the trial, having no doubts about participating despite knowing the risks and seeing the personal benefits of participating in a CCT.

Conclusion

Our study shows that trust-based relationships, peer support, and altruism encourage rural residents to participate in CCT. To improve access to CCT for rural residents, a multi-faceted approach involving clinicians, health services, trial sponsors and policymakers is needed. These approaches must promote and facilitate the inclusion of diverse populations, prioritise CCT participation, and inform patients of CCT opportunities. We must recognise the knowledge and
expertise of rural patients and caregivers and ensure they are involved as co-designers of future CCTs.
The Focal Mechanism and Field Investigations of Mining-induced Earthquake by Super-thick and Weak Cementation Overburden Strata Fracturing
Authors: Bai Xianxi , Cao Anye , Wang Changbin , Liu Yaoqi , Xue Chengchun , Yang Xu , Yang Yao , Wang Songwei , Hao Qi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Mining-induced earthquake (MIE) is a non-natural earthquake induced by mining activities. In Ordos mining area, super-thick and weak cementation overburden strata (STWCS) are common occurrence in Jurassic coal seam overlying strata. To explain and quantify the focal mechanism and roof fracture characteristics of MIE under the STWCS, the surface subsidence, ground borehole televiewer imaging and microseismic monitoring technologies were used to observe the fracturing of STWCS. The relative moment tensor method was also used to explore quantify focal mechanism of MIE. The results show that the development height of rock fractures increases, and the STWCS start to break when the panel below retreats along goafs. During this period, the surface stepped subsidence increases rapidly, and MIEs with magnitude above 2.0 begin to appear. The inversion matrix is constructed with the relative moment tensor method to solve the source mechanism of coal mining microearthquakes. The matrix improves the inversion efficiency and accuracy, thus being suitable for solving the focal mechanism of MIE by roof breaking. When coal seam is mined under the STWCS, the dip angle of focal rupture surface is mainly between 0°~30°, accounting for about 50% of the total. The seismic source is mainly featured with roof horizontal separation tension and roof rotation compression instability. During mining along goafs, the seismic sources displayed a tendency of upward expansion and the shear slip ruptures were more than that in the solid coal mining stage. The focal mechanism of the MIEs in SLWS Coal mine was caused by the primary and periodic tension rupture of the STWCS and shear slip rupture. With the continuous mining of the panel, there is still the possibility of another round of MIEs. The research results provide a reference for the prediction, risk assessment and disaster control of MIEs under extremely thick overburden strata.
Sodium selenite enhanced the selenium content in black soldier fly
Authors: Li Yifan , Chen Han , Zhang Yunting , Cao Shoukang , Wang Huihui , Lu Zhentao , Wu Xuezhuang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

This study focuses on the effects of different levels of sodium selenite on the growth, selenium content, and antioxidant capacity of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens). The experiment used different doses of sodium selenite for treatment. Basic diet, no supplements (control); Basic diet plus 10mg /kg Se (Se10); Basic diet plus 20mg /kg Se (Se20); Basic diet plus 30mg/kg Se (Se30); Basic diet plus 40mg/kg Se (Se40). The results show that the addition of sodium selenite significantly increases selenium content and improves selenium utilization and antioxidant capacity(P < 0.05). However, it also negatively affects growth performance and the utilization of other nutrients. The optimal level of sodium selenite supplementation should be determined to balance selenium enrichment with the overall health and productivity of black soldier fly.
Improving Hardware Trojan Detection with Transformer-Based Power Analysis
Authors: Nasr Abdurrahman , shenawy Ayman El , Mohamed Khalil , Zaki Mohamed 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The prevalence of hardware trojans (HTs) poses a significant threat to the integrity and security of Integrated Circuits (ICs). Rule-based Hardware Trojan Detection (HTD) techniques are limited in their effectiveness and scalability. Many domains such as Natural Language Processing (NLP), and cybersecurity are experiencing a surge in automation with the aid of modern Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) techniques such as Generative pre-trained transformer (GPT), Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT), which are applied in Large Language Models (LLMs). In HTD, transformers have only recently started to receive traction. This paper proposes a novel non-destructive golden-chip free transformer-based HTD framework. The proposed framework is applied to Power Side-Channel (PSC) data. Modern generative AI techniques such as GPT, BERT, and transformers are exploited to solve the HTD problem. The proposed framework combines the power of transformer-based networks with time-series side-channel analysis to achieve efficient and accurate HTD. The side-channel data are processed by different transformer networks, including GPT, BERT, and full transformer models to classify the trojan into three main categories: Enabled, Disabled, and Triggered HTs. The proposed framework effectively analyses side-channel measurements, accurately detecting abnormal IC behaviours. The experimental results demonstrated promising and superior performance, achieving an accuracy of 87.74% in HT detection compared with existing frameworks.
Ecology and distribution of Paeonia tenuifolia species in Romania
Authors: Chirila Simona Dumitrita , Doroftei Mihai , Gigea Gabriel 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Paeonia tenuifolia, a species with a limited distribution in Romania, is in decline due to anthropogenic impact. Characterized by a limited range of ecological tolerance, this species is highly vulnerable to changes induced by human activity. The study aims to present the eco-coenotic conditions and to update the distribution of the P. tenuifolia species in Romania. In this context, the records from the literature were verified. Phytocoenological relevés were also carried out in each registered population. The assessment of the state of the P. tenuifolia population was carried out according to the criteria of Article 17 of the Habitats Directive. P. tenuifolia was recorded in 14 localities in Transylvania (one record) and Dobrogea (13 records). The number of individuals / 100 m2 varied from 5 to 70. The main threats to the species are manual collection, vandalism, and overgrazing. The number of populations and individuals has decreased significantly compared to literature data. Regarding plant associations, P. tenuifolia was recorded most frequently in the associations Stipo ucrainicae-Festucetum valesiacae, Agropyro pontici-Thymetum zygioidis and Festuco rupicolae-Brachypodietum pinnati. The populations from Dobrogea occur in areas with warmer temperatures, moderate precipitation, and soils from neutral to weakly alkaline. In contrast, the population from Transylvania occurs in areas with higher elevation, colder temperatures, higher precipitation, and weakly alkaline soils. The current trend of the area occupied by the population is decreasing. The population's conservation status and changes in the surface distribution pattern of the habitat type are unfavourable-inadequate. The largest population of P. tenuifolia in Romania is in Coroana (Constanța County).
Cell-free supernatants from plant growth - promoting rhizobacteria Bacillus albus strains control Aspergillus flavus disease in peanut and maize seedlings
Authors: Trinh Lai Loi , Le Kim Ngoc , Lam Hoang Anh Le , Nguyen Hoai Huong 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background: Aspergillus flavus, a seed-borne fungal pathogen, can colonize host plants and exploit nutrients, hindering the growth of seedlings such as peanut and maize. This study investigated the effectiveness of cell-free supernatants (CFSs) from plant growth - promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) Bacillus albus NNK24 and NDP61 in suppressing the growth of A. flavus AF1.
Results: The antifungal activity of these CFSs was attributed to their surfactant properties and chemical profile, characterized through rapid chemical assays and UHPLC-ESI-QTOF/MS combined with bioinformatic analysis using GNPS and npatlas. Identified putative antifungal compounds included two diketopiperazines (cyclo(pro-leu) and cyclo(2-hydroxy-Pro-R-Leu)), four macrolactins (7-O-succinyl macrolactin A, 7-O-methyl-5'-hydroxy-3'-heptenoate-macrolactin, macrolactin C, and macrolactin B), two siderophores (bacillibactin and petrobactin), and three lipopeptides (kurstakin 1, 2 or 3, and 4).
Both CFSs exhibited strong suppression of the harmful effects of A. flavus AF1 and seed-borne A. flavus on peanut and maize seedlings, as evidenced by significantly reduced Disease Incidence (DI) and Disease Severity Index (DSI) compared to the control. The Disease Control Efficacy (DCE) of CFS treatments was equivalent to that of commercial fungicide treatments. Additionally, all CFS treatments stimulated seed germination, vigor, seedling length, and weight in both peanut and maize, with Vigor Index (VI) values increasing by 222.4%–286% and 181.7%–216.4% relative to the negative control for peanut and maize seedlings at 7 days after treatment (DAT), respectively.
Conclusion: These results suggest that the CFSs of PGPR B. albusNNK24 and NDP61 hold promise as effective bioprotection agents in sustainable agriculture.
Overexpression of BNIP3 in renal carcinoma cells can promote apoptosis of renal carcinoma cells through HIF-1α-BNIP3-mediated autophagy
Authors: Huang Long , Wang Lin , Yuan Dan , Xu Yan , Wang Yu , Yao Kai , Zhong Xiao , Liu Quanda , Jia Kang , Lei Lei , Wang Haiyan , Liu Dongliang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

This research aimed to examine the function of BNIP3(BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa interacting protein 3) overexpression in mediating autophagy and promoting apoptosis in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and its possible molecular mechanism. The expressions of BNIP3 mRNA, BNIP3 and HIF-1α proteins in A498, 786-O, CAKI-1, ACHN, and GRC were detected by RT-qPCR (real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction) and Western Blot, respectively. BNIP3 was overexpressed using pcDNA-BNIP3. The effects of overexpression of BNIP3 on the proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis of RCC cells was examined through various techniques including CCK-8 assay (cell counting kit-8), cloning assays, Transwell migration assays, flow cytometry analysis, and Western Blot analysis. The interaction between BNIP3, Beclin1, and BCL-2 was assessed using co-immunoprecipitation to determine their binding affinity. Immunofluorescence, transmission electron microscopy, ELISA and Western Blot were used to study the effect of BNIP3 overexpression on autophagy in RCC under normal and hypoxia conditions. The flow cytometry and Western Blot techniques were employed to assess the RCC apoptosis following administration of the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA. The impact of BNIP3 overexpression on RCC growth was measured in vitro. Subcutaneous tumor xenograft experiments were conducted by injecting 786-O cells into BALB/c nude mice. The size and weight of xenograft tumors were measured. HE staining and immunohistochemistry to analyze the cell morphology and the expression of BNIP3 and Ki67 proteins in tumors. TUNEL staining was used to observe tumor cell apoptosis. LC3-Ⅱ/Ⅰ, p62, caspase3, cleaved caspase3, and Bax proteins expression were detected by Western blot. The results showed that BNIP3 overexpressed RCC proliferation activity and invasion ability decreased, and apoptosis ability increased. Under hypoxic conditions, the activation of RCC autophagy was induced by BNIP3 through its ability to disrupt the interaction between BCL-2 and Beclin1. Activation of autophagy induced by BNIP3 was found to promote apoptosis in RCC cells, thereby expediting the progression of tumorigenesis in vivo. Collectively, these findings provide evidence for the suppressive impact of BNIP3 overexpression on tumor growth in hypoxic conditions by inducing autophagy and facilitating apoptosis in RCC cells. Moreover, this study identifies potential targets for therapeutic interventions against RCC.
Research on the influence of loading rate on the dynamic initiation fracture toughness of composite modified double-base propellant
Authors: Zheng Jian , Wu Xuan , Sun Zhengwei , Guo Zongtao , Zhang Menglong , Chen Xiong 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

In the field of gun launched missile extended range rocket, the propellant grain in the rocket needs to withstand significant launch loads during their firing phase, and also bear the high pressure caused by ignition, and the impact of launch overloads and ignition shocks on the structural integrity of propellants becomes very important. So this work investigated the dynamic initiation fracture toughness of the composite modified double-base (CMDB) propellant by both experiments and numerical simulations. The dynamic mechanical properties test of the cracked straight through flatten Brazilian disc (CSTFBD) specimens were conducted using a modified split Hopkinson pressure bar. By comparing the results of quasi static and dynamic numerical simulations, it was found that dynamic fracture initiation toughness can be determined by time-to-fracture using the quasi-static theory. The numerical simulation results combined with the ZWT constitutive model agree well with the experimental results. During the measurement of the mechanical response, the fracture surfaces of the dynamic test specimens were observed by electron microscopy scanning. Then the evolution of the microstructure synchronously was obtained. The scanning electron microscope result revealed that fracture modes and breakage of the ammonium perchlorate (AP) particles in the surface layer played an important role in determining the failure mechanism. The result of experimental measurement showed the influence of loading rate on the dynamic fracture initiation toughness of CMDB propellant.
Sedimentology and Geochemistry of Campanian - Maastrichtian Sandstones of Enagi Formation, Bida Basin, Nigeria
Authors: Adeoye James Adejimi , Yusuf Ishaq , Obaje Nuhu George , Usman Abubakar Alhaji , Okoro Ugochukwu Charles 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The provenance, paleoenvironments, and mineralogy studies of the sandstones of the Enagi Formation at Gulu and Kandi in the Bida Basin were investigated for preliminary reservoir quality assessment. The Gulu and Kandi samples are dominantly medium-grained with moderate sorting and fine to coarse-grained with poor sorting respectively. The quartz, feldspar, and rock fragments plots with average values of 76.2%, 8.7%, and 15.1% at Gulu and 59.3%, 24.6%, and 16.2% at Kandi suggest they are litharenitic and arkosic sandstones respectively. Bivariate plots of standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis indicate river sands with little input from tidal environments in the Gulu area. The Gulu samples are more of fluvial channel deposits and shoreface lithofacies while the Kandi samples resemble alluvial deposits of a high-energy system. Al2O3/ TiO2, Zr/ TiO2, and Y/Ni versus Cr/V of the samples suggest a felsic igneous origin with little contribution from a mafic source. K2O/Na2O against SiO2 and TiO2 against Fe2O3+MgO point to a passive margin continental environment for the sediment source. The cementation of moderately sorted, sub-mature texture and litharenitic sandstones in the Gulu area will be low compared with the Kandi poorly sorted and arkosic lithofacies at the deeper subsurface. This study for the first time reports the presence of favorable geological indices for good porosity and permeability development in the Campanian – Maastrichtian sandstone reservoir of Enagi Formation. These results will further drive exploration work in the Bida and other West African Cretaceous rift basins for prospective underground water and hydrocarbon reservoirs.
Inverse and dynamic levels of H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 regulate mouse postnatal dentate gyrus development
Authors: Zhang Zhichao , Luan Yan , Zhang Hanyue , Liu Yingfei , Zhou Jing , Li Wen , Ma Kaige , huang Chen , Chen Xinlin , Bjørås Magnar , Klungland Arne 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Dentate gyrus (DG) is part of the hippocampus formation and primarily mature after birth. It undergoes rapid early development followed by a protracted developmental process and is crucial for learning and memory. This unique developmental trajectory challenge mechanistic studies and our understanding of its regulatory processes are limited. Our study demonstrates that histone H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 are essential in regulating DG development. H3K4me3, which is enriched in the subgranular zone, promotes the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) into GABAergic neurons, thereby enhancing spatial learning and memory in mice. Conversely, enhancing H3K27me3 levels exert the opposite effect, additionally driving NSCs into a quiescent-like state. Furthermore, we show that H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 co-regulate the expression of genes essential for neural development, such as GLI1, through the formation of bivalent domains. These findings indicate that H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 act as molecular “switches” governing DG development.
Deformed Wing Virus-Induced Changes in Honey bee Reception and Preference for Pollen Scents
Authors: Silva Diego , Becerra Felipe , Salazar Sebastian , Arismendi Nolberto , Alveal Juan , Ceballos Ricardo , Zapata Nelson , Vargas Marisol 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Honey bees (Apis mellifera) play a crucial role in pollination, and their olfactory system is essential for food collection and source selection. This study evaluates how the Deformed Wing Virus (DWV), particularly its variant A, affects the olfactory sensitivity and behavioral responses of bees (10 to 20 days old) to volatile compounds from different pollen sources. We collected and analyzed the volatile fractions of three types of pollen (polyfloral and two monofloral) using dynamic HeadSpace and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The chemical analysis revealed differences in volatile compound profiles among the pollen types, including the presence of benzaldehyde, lilac alcohol, and 1–4 cineole, which are known to impact honey bee olfaction. Behavioral assays using a Y-olfactometer showed that while non-inoculated bees (N-DWV) responded to the aromas of all pollens in higher proportions, DWV-inoculated bees (I-DWV) exhibited significant reductions in behavioral responses. Specifically, I-DWV bees showed lower response rates, and a higher proportion of non-responding individuals compared to N-DWV bees. Notably, I-DWV bees were more attracted to the aroma of Eucryphia cordifolia when exposed simultaneously to the aroma of Rubus ulmifolius, possibly due to a self-medication behavior or a selective response to pollen with higher antiviral properties. Electrophysiological recordings indicated that DWV-A infection decreases olfactory sensitivity, particularly in response to complex odors. This decline in olfactory function and behavioral preferences could compromise foraging efficiency and overall colony health. These findings highlight the impact of DWV-A on honey bee sensory and behavioral processes, raising concerns about broader implications for colony survival and pollination services.
Pemodelan spasial prediksi curah hujan melalui metode inverse distance weighting di wilayah Sumatera Barat tahun 2026
Authors: Karimah Rizkia Zulal , Azzahmi Zein Zidan , Prasetya Arif Dwi , Apsari Arin Nanda Dila , Fatah Faithfulloh , Azziz Khafidh Nur 
Published: December 2024

Sumatera Barat memiliki tipe curah hujan (CH) ekuatorial yang dipengaruhi oleh keberadaan angin monsun barat laut dan tenggara. Berdasarkan data intensitas CH tahunan pada tahun 2019 dan 2022, diketahui bahwa wilayah Sumatera Barat memiliki distribusi kelas CH yang variatif dengan kelas sedang hingga ekstrim. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui proyeksi intensitas hujan tahunan pada tahun 2026 di Sumatera Barat, dengan menggunakan metode interpolasi Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) untuk mengetahui distribusi spasialnya (wilayah). Hasil dari proyeksi intesitas CH tahunan pada tahun 2026 ini kemudian digunakan dalam menganalisis upaya-upaya mitigasi bencana hidrometeorologi seperti banjir, banjir bandang, dan tanah longsor di Sumatera Barat.
Kerawanan Gelombang Pasang terhadap Penggunaan Lahan di Kawasan Wisata Pantai Sepanjang-Drini, Pesisir Selatan Kabupaten Gunungkidul
Authors: Prabawa Bayu Argadyanto , Wahyuhana Ratika Tulus , Fatchurohman Hendy 
Published: December 2024

Gunungkidul Regional Spatial Plan states that Sepanjang and Drini Beach are designated areas for tourism zone, even Drini Beach is included in the development of a Fish Landing Base in Gunungkidul. The fact is that the Sepanjang-Drini coastal area is one of the susceptible area to storm tide that occur repeatedly every year. This research aims to study the land use susceptibility in the Sepanjang-Pantai Drini coastal area based on the storm tide model. Tidal wave analysis conducted by modeling inundation caused by run-up height of tidal waves scenario, that overlayed with land use map. The susceptible area to tidal waves based on 2.99 meter wave height scenario in the Sepanjang Coast to Drini Beach is 4.82 hectares. The land use that mostly affected by tidal waves is an open area land use of sand beach. Stalls are the ones most susceptible building to tidal waves, where there are at least 130 units located in tidal waves susceptible area.