bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Idræt og velfærdspolitik. En teoretisk diskussion af autonomibegrebet.
Authors: Thing Lone Friis , Ottesen Laila 
Published: February 2018

En teoretisk diskussion af autonomibegrebet. This article discusses the boundaries between sports governance and government policy in the Danish welfare state and sheds new light on the concept of autonomy. The formerly liberal Danish government’s public health programme (2002-2010) specifies a wish for social involvement and cooperation between the public and the voluntary sector. Governmental conception is that health political subjects and social issues are a challenge which the community solidarity-based non-governmental sports association should take the responsibility for, e.g. by offering comprehensive options for people with no tradition for physical activity. This paper will in a sociological way, with the use of an Eliasian process analytical perspective and a governmentality perspective (Elias 1970, Dean 2006), discuss the enabling and constraining possibilities of the political relations. Themes like the autonomy of sports organisations/ associations will be included in order to discuss the possible significance in the future of a partnership between the public and the voluntary sector. Should sport contribute some specific welfare ideological values or should it simply unfold a more general health promotion pedagogic effort? In line with Eliasian thinking it will be highligh ted that sport always has been part of, and always could be seen as a (body) political scenario. There is a changing relation between autonomy versus heteronomy of stakeholders in sports governance, but what is the new thing in the unfolded political involvement? By doing an analytical empirical investigation, the paper focuses upon the fact that the concept of shared responsibility and interdependence between sport and society has a long historical tradition – in Denmark.
Fodbold som velfærd 1934 -1995: Mellem moralsk opbyggelighed og forretning
Authors: Olsen David Holt 
Published: February 2018

Artiklen belyser med afsæt i Joanne Martins organisationsteori velfærdssamfundet som en kulturelt og moralsk projekt i forhold til fodboldbevægelsen.In 1995 a rather unnoticed revolution occurred in Danish football. The future famous Danish football agent Karsten Aabrink agreed to make investments in the newly established football club FC Copenhagen provided that decisive changes regarding the division of stakes took place. His requirement was that the share of 50% which each of the founding clubs, B1903 and Københavns Boldklub, held, was reduced to 30% whereby they would lose their deciding holdings. As a consequence, businessmen were now able to work more unrestrained than previously. The article argues that the reason why this could happen in 1995 without any noticeable objection was not rooted in economic explanations, but rather had to do with the cultural factors expressed in the narratives of amateur gentleman football that evolved around the football movement from the 1930s and onwards. Furthermore, the article argues that the entire football movement was embedded in a political consensus on the macro level regarding the construction of the welfare state and thereby creating path dependence, which made it very difficult to implement professional football.
Parkour – at skabe steder med kroppen
Authors: Larsen Signe Højbjerre 
Published: February 2018

Parkour – a placemaking practiceParkour is a relatively new movement-culture that has evolved rapidly in Denmark since 2005. In the academic field of scholarly work on parkour the movement-culture has been interpreted as a subversive bodily strategy for the subject to handle architecture, space and power. The movements of the traceurs are being ”read” for their cultural significance on a discursive level. The traceurs does not follow the social norms for how to move in public places, but balances on the back of benches, jumps over rails and crawls down stairs. In Denmark the interpretation of the movements of parkour as a critical practice meets oppositions. The first specialized facility for parkour was built in 2007 in cooperation with both the peoples academy ”Gerlev Idrætshøjskole” and practitioners of parkour. Today over 47 facilities for parkour exist. A problem lies within present studies’ point of departure which stems from abstract ideas about the city and political resistance instead of departuring in the bodily practice. What do the practioners actually do, when they practice parkour? This article seeks to answer this particular question and tries to do so based on the authors own experience and ethnographic fieldwork with practitioners in their daily training. Parkour is played out in the streets as well as in specialized facilities. What binds these places together and constitute parkour as a movement-culture, is a dynamic pattern of movements and a practical knowledge about the spatial and adaptive dimensions of these. These movements and the knowledge are incorporated into the bodies of the practitioners. By utilizing a theory of affordance by James Gibson and Polanyi’s concept of tacit knowledge the dynamic pattern can be understood as perceptual skills that opens up a new relation to the surroundings; in urban spaces as well as specialized facilities.
’Tilgængelighed’ til idræt for børn i udsatte boligområder
Authors: Ibsen Bjarne , Fehsenfeld Michael 
Published: February 2018

The accessibility to sport within socially deprived residential areasThe aim of the analysis is to highlight the significance of ‘accessibility’ to sport for children’s sports participation in deprived residential areas. A distinction is made between three dimensions of ‘accessibility’: Physical accessibility, organizational accessibility and psychological accessibility. The analysis is based on a comprehensive study of sport participation and sports facilities in six deprived neighborhoods. The study includes children’s responses to a questionnaire, observations and interviews. As regards the physical accessibility the analysis cannot identify a clear correlation between the number of facilities in or close to the residential area and the proportion of children who participate in sport. The study however shows that physical closeness to major facilities like swimming pool and multi-purpose indoor facilities have a significant impact on the participation in sport. The analysis of the organizational accessibility shows very clearly that participation in sport in an association depends on the existence of sport clubs near residential area. It is perhaps not surprising, but it’s probably much more important for the children of parents who do not have many resources and do not know associational life – and therefore not are able to help the children to go to sport in clubs outside the residential area. The psychological accessibility, ie. the experience of a sports facility as safe place, seems to depend on whether the place where the facility is located, is perceived as a safe place. Facilities at schools and sports clubs that kids feel great confidence in, are perceived as safer than facilities, which the children do not know well and primarily use for self-organized activities.
Louis Dumont: Verdensforsagelse, hierarki og renhed
Authors: Aktor Mikael 
Published: February 2018

English Abstract: This brief article reviews two main contributions by the French sociologist Louis Dumont, his essay “World Renunciation in Indian Religions” and his major work on the Indian caste system, Homo Hierarchicus. Some of the critique of Dumont’s ideas about renunciation, hierarchy and purity is discussed with special focus on three points: (1) The creative role of renunciation in the history of Hinduism; (2) the Indian caste system as a hierarchy regulated according to ritual purity and the alternative model by A. M. Hocart of the Indian society as a ritual organization; and (3) theoretical discussions regarding the need to go beyond the purity-impurity dichotomy and integrate another opposition, that between the auspicious and the inauspicious, in order to develop a more precise analytical tool in the research of Hindu culture. Dansk resume: Denne korte artikel diskuterer to vigtige bidrag af den franske sociolog Louis Dumont, hans essay “World Renunciation in Indian Religions” og hans hovedværk om det indiske kastesystem, Homo Hierarchicus. Noget af den kritik, der blev rejst mod Dumonts ideer om verdensforsagelse, hierarki og renhed, diskuteres med særlig fokus på tre punkter: (1) Verdensforsagelsens kreative betydning for hinduismens udvikling; (2) Dumonts model af det indiske kastesystem som et hierarki reguleret i forhold til rituel renhed og A. M. Hocarts alternative model, der ser hindusamfundet som en rituel organisation koncentrisk centreret omkring kongen; (3) de teoretiske diskussioner om nødvendigheden af at supplere rent-urent dikotomien med endnu en dikotomi, nemlig mellem det lykke- og ildevarslende, for at udvikle et mere præcist analyseapparat i udforskningen af hinduismen.
Abildgaard, Bibelen og blasfemi
Authors: Bach-Nielsen Carsten 
Published: February 2018

The Danish neoclassical painter Nicolai Abraham Abildgaard (1743-1809) received his artistic education in rome where he was influenced by the Swedish artist Sergei and the Swiss Fuseli. In 1777, he returned to Copenhagen where he became a professor at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts. In Rome, he encountered the thoughts of the European Enlightenment, revolutionary thoughts and opinions he was to hold for the rest of his life. In Copenhagen, he turned out to be a most satirical critic of the institutions of the absolute monarchy and the state church. Since the Reformation, the Danish clergy has guarded the Lutheran principle of interpretation of the Bible as a field of their own in order to protect the lay reader from misreadings of the text. The enlightened theologians, artists and philosophers show a great effort to let anyone read the Bible just they was he desires. In a number of satirical, blasphemical and erotic drawings with biblical themes in The Royal Collection of Prints and Drawings in Copenhagen, Abildgaard shows how he chose to interpret some passages of the Bible that until then had been explained through reference to other parts of the Bible by the clergy. Abildgaard provokes by reading and showing the Biblical texts without the guidance of the church's authorized interpretation - as documents of an ancient natural, raw, primitive but absolutely free society. the enlighted freedom of reading the Bible in one's own manner finds it counterpart in the popular magazines of theological criticism and satire of the 1790s.
Keiserkult: fremmed kult i det romerske samfunn?
Authors: Håland Evy Johanne 
Published: February 2018

It has been claimed that, originally, the divinity of the living emperor was alien to traditional Greek and Roman religion. This article tries to show that elements which are introduced with a foreign cult - the cult of the living emperor - may be latent in the traditional cult - the cult of the dead, the ancestor-cult, the need for a present benefactor and subsequently a cult to him - which then become relevant. The socalled foreign cult of the emperor, in this way, filled a gap. Even if this new god was foreign in relation to the traditional gods, i.e. his name, the essence in the cult might on the other hand be something which was aalready present. The way of approaching the problem is from a comparative analysis of ancient Graeco-Roman soiety and present-day society in southern Italy and Greece. The comparison is based on certain religious festivals.
Samson og Herakles og forholdet natur - kultur
Authors: Carstens Pernille 
Published: February 2018

The biblical Samson-narrative told in Judges 13-16 could be called a hero-narrative. The Samson-figure acting like a hero is know from the myths and legends of the neighbouring cultures. The article especially pays attention to the Greek Heracles tradition as a parallel to the Samson-story. The approach is based upon the idea that, from the second millennium B.C., eastern mediterranean cultures make up a "koine-culture". There is a kind of "family likeness" between these different hero-narratives forming a complex network. The folklore study is a new and fertile approach to the hero tradition. The article primarily stressed Susan Niditch's and D. Bynum's works. One of the most important topics in the hero tradition is the contrast between nature and culture. One dimension that brings this dichotomy to the fore is the hero's relation to women by whom he is subdued. She forces/seduces him to become more "culture" than "nature". She is taming the wild man by "womanization". Finally the article gives heed to the death of Samson and Heracles, showing that even though culturalized the death is triggered by nature.
Septuaginta og bibelsk teologi
Authors: Müller Mogens 
Published: February 2018

In the lecture The Septuagint and Biblical Theology. Some Observations the author tries to evalue the meaning of the Septuagint in the context of Biblical theology. The Old Testament cannot be understood per se, isolated from the people or congregations for which it was Holy Scripture. It only survived in its reception, ie. in an interpretation. This process can be detected already in the OT, but also and distinctly in the literature which has been termed "rewritten Bible". It is in this connection that the relevance of the Septuagint for Biblical theology must be s een, because it consists not merely of a translation, but also of an interpretation. And in the context of biblical theology Scripture is not what may be reconstructed as an Ur-text, but the text actually included in the New Testament. It was precisely the New Testament reception of the Septuagint that made it a valid expression of the OT, namely as the Bible of hte Greek-speaking part of Judaism in a period where even Palestinian Judaism was heavily influenced by Hellenism.
Kabsa - et egyptisk ritualkompleks
Authors: Hinge Helle 
Published: February 2018

The starting point is a report on a specific case of female circumcision. Subsequently follows an account of the debate as to whether female circumcision is or is not "Islamic", the prevalence of female circumcision, and the kabsa ritual complex. The kabsa complex is associated with Egyptian circumcisions, weddings and births. In the article it is described how kabsa is caused by impurity, and how it is solved. Eventually, the differencies and similarities between the kabsa ritual complex and the Muslim tahara-system are outlined. The two systems are syncretistically associated in contemporary Egypt.
Kopternes omvendelse til kristendommen
Authors: Pedersen Nils Arne 
Published: February 2018

"The Conversion of the Copts to Christianity and the Origin of Their Written Language and Translations of the Bible". This introductory article deals with the issue of why Egypt's Christians in the fourth and fifth centuries caused the Bible to be translated into a large number of Coptic dialects, connecting the issue with the history of the dissemination of Christianity in Egypt.
Det forudsigeliges uforudsigelighed
Authors: Fibiger Marianne Qvortrup 
Published: February 2018

The last decade has seen an increased interest in ethnography and anthropology among researchers of other fields who are studying culture in one way or another. At the same time ethnography and anthropology have realized the necessity of discussing their own theoretical and methological viewpoints. One of the main features in anthropological method is fieldwork. Here you participate, overtly or covertly, in people’s daily lives for an extended period of time, or on special occasions, watching what is going on, listening to what is being said, asking questions, and in this way collecting data that can throw light on the issues that you are concerned about.This article discusses fieldwork as a useful strategy in the study of religion with living representatives. It discusses the new possibilities that can be obtained by fieldwork, but also the mistakes that fieldwork can lead to if the researchers do not take into account several uncertain factors - some of which are being pointed out in the article. This means that a researcher engaged in fieldwork must be an engineer having a special methodological and theoretical intake to a specific study but, at the same time, she must take account of bricolage, being a bricoleur herself.By using some of Carlo Ginzberg's viewpoints, this article also discusses the differences and similarities in historical and anthropological method and ends up pleading for a methological pluralism when dealing with “living religion”.
At navigere i et farefyldt hav
Authors: Lisdorf Anders 
Published: February 2018

The Romans of republican times have traditionally been viewd as a rational and practical people for whom religion was of no real significance. In that view the elaborate Roman system for dealing with prodigies poses a problem, for why should something so apparently irrational and irreligious be invested with such a great amount of prestige and resources? Whereas earlier theories have tried to explain its existence either with reference to fear or to some stipulated function, this article argues that this cannot be the case, because there is no evidence for fear playing any central role and because a functional explanation cannot be sufficient. By an analysis of the workings of the system and the cultural models by which it was conceptualised, it is argued that for the Romans the purpose of the system was to secure success for the state, and thereby for each individual. This is achieved by a model connecting ritual and proper behaviour with portents and fortune/misfortune. In conclusion a comparison is made with the navigation procedures aboard a ship, and it is argued that the prodigy system and the navigation bridge serve the same overall function of navigating the seas of potential misfortune in order to keep the ship afloat, one figuratively and the other literally.Thus Roman culture can be seen as both practical and rational but also in essence religious.
Religionshistorie og aksetid
Authors: Jensen Hans J. Lundager 
Published: February 2018

English summary: The article presents and discusses two articles by Robert Bellah, “Religious evolution” from 1964 and “What is Axial about the Axial Age?” (2005). In what seems to be a general lack of interest in a history of religion (different from a history of religions) among academic scholars in the science of religion, Bellahs model, especially in its combination with recent approaches to the ‘axial age’ and to Merlin Donald’s biocultural cognitive model for hominid evolution, is recommended as a useful starting point for revitalization of an honorable branch of religious studies. Dansk resume: Artiklen præsenterer og diskuterer to artikler af den amerikanske religionssociolog Robert Bellah, “Religious evolution” fra 1964 og “What is Axial about the Axial Age?” (2005). I forhold til en generel mangel på interesse for en religionens historie (forskellig fra religionernes historie) blandt religionsvidenskabelige forskere anbefales Bellahs model som et frugtbart udgangspunkt for en revitalisering af en hæderværdig del af religionsvidenskaben, særlig når den kombineres med aktuelle diskussioner af ‘aksetiden’ og Merlin Donalds biokulturelle, kognitive model for hominid evolution.
Un désir d’enfant non abouti ?
Authors: Ouédraogo Ramatou , Guillaume Agnès 
Published: February 2018

La procréation dans la société burkinabè fait l’objet d’une importante promotion
sociale au point qu’évoquer le désir d’enfant relèverait presque d’un truisme tant il semble
aller de soi. En tant que construit social investi d’un ensemble d’enjeux privés comme
sociétaux, celui est très rarement mis en lien avec l’avortement, qui, dans l’imaginaire,
suppose l’absence de désir d’enfant au moment où la grossesse survient. Cependant,
travailler sur le processus de recours à l’avortement chez les jeunes à Ouagadougou au
Burkina Faso a permis de mettre au jour des grossesses désirées et planifiées, puis
volontairement interrompues. L’objectif de cet article est de rendre compte de ces « désirs
d’enfant non aboutis » ainsi que des contextes dans lesquels ils surviennent. Des entretiens
individuels avec des jeunes femmes et hommes célibataires révèlent un désir d’enfant aussi
bien féminin que masculin qui, lorsqu’il se manifeste (ou lorsqu’il est convoqué), peut
simplement servir de monnaie d’échange dans les rapports de genre dans lesquels les jeunes
femmes et hommes sont insérés. Ainsi, les contraintes qui jalonnent le parcours vers l’âge
adulte, de même que les idéologies dominantes et pressions autour du mariage, de la
procréation et de la réussite sociale induisent de plus en plus la naissance et la
matérialisation du désir d’enfant chez les jeunes, qui apparaît alors comme une stratégie
parmi une pluralité d’autres dont la finalité est de se faire épouser (ou d’imposer une
relation amoureuse) et/ou d’atteindre une « réussite sociale ». Néanmoins, une fois que la
grossesse survient, la rupture de projets matrimoniaux et la stigmatisation de la
procréation prémaritale concourent à faire de celle-ci un risque pour la trajectoire de vie
jeune, et contraindre au recours à l’avortement.
Quelle nature du désir ?
Authors: Mathieu Séverine 
Published: February 2018

Une enquête de terrain de type ethnographique menée en Assistance médicale à la procréation (AMP) et en Accueil d’embryons sur différents terrains en France a permis d’interroger une notion largement mobilisée dans ces interactions : le « désir d’enfant ». Que veulent transmettre ces personnes en AMP qui mettent leur désir d’enfant au centre de leur demande ? On peut tout d’abord souligner que ce désir obéit à une logique de genre. De nombreuses femmes – mais aussi des hommes – soulignent qu’une femme ne le devient vraiment que lorsqu’elle a un enfant, évoquant alors, dans une forme d’essentialisation, la consubstantialité entre l’être féminin et le désir d’enfant. Les hommes, pour leur part, associent plus ce désir d’enfant à un désir de transmission, au souci de laisser une descendance, réaffirmant ainsi la paternité du côté du social. Par ailleurs, la mobilisation de ce désir d’enfant témoigne de l’évolution en cours des représentations de la famille. Lorsqu’elles invoquent ce désir, les personnes recourant à l’AMP entendent s’inscrire dans la transmission de valeurs témoignant du faire famille aujourd’hui.
Le concept de résilience comme indicateur de différenciation sociale des communautés métisses du Canada (note de recherche)
Authors: Gérard Sonia , Gagnon Denis 
Published: February 2018

Cette note de recherche présente les résultats du projetRésilience et différenciation socialemené depuis 2014 dans le cadre des travaux de la Chaire de recherche du Canada sur l’identité métisse (2004-2014) et du programme de rechercheLe statut du Métis au Canada :agencéité et enjeux sociaux(2013-2018). Ce projet nous a permis d’élaborer et de tester un outil de différenciation et d’identification des communautés métisses du Canada à partir des concepts de résilience, de stratégies identitaires et d’agencéité, projet qui vise à recentrer la recherche sur les identités dans le champ des études métisses d’un point de vue dynamique et relationnel plutôt qu’historique et culturel. Après avoir présenté le champ sémantique du concept de résilience et procédé à une recension des écrits sur la résilience culturelle, nous définissons les conditions épistémologiques les plus pertinentes à la construction d’indicateurs de différenciation en développant une approche fonctionnelle du concept selon trois processus distincts : la résistance, l’adaptation et la reconstruction/le rebond. Enfin, nous présentons les résultats des premiers tests de notre outil confronté aux textes de cinq auteurs contemporains sur les minorités ethniques, dont quatre communautés métisses du Canada et une d’Amérique latine.