bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pretransplant ascites or encephalopathy and their influence on survival and liver graft rejection in alcoholic cirrhosis disease
Authors: Legaz Isabel , Bolarin Jose M. , Campillo Jose A. , Moya Rosa M. , Luna Aurelio , Osuna Eduardo , Minguela Alfredo , Sanchez-Bueno Francisco , Alvarez Maria Rocio , Muro Manuel 
Published: June 2019

IntroductionThe Child-Pugh and model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) scores are widely used to predict the outcomes of liver transplant (LT). Both have similar prognostic values in most cases, although their benefits might differ in some specific conditions. The aim of our study was to analyze the influence of pre-transplant ascites and encephalopathy in post-transplant liver rejection development and survival in alcohol cirrhosis (AC) patients undergoing LT to determine the usefulness of the Child-Pugh score for the assessment of prognosis in such patients.Material and methodsTwo hundred and eighty-one AC patients, classified according to viral infections and pre-transplant complications, were analyzed. Acute (AR) and chronic (CR) liver rejections and Child-Pugh, MELD and albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) scores were studied in all cases.ResultsSimilar AC rejection percentages were observed in ascites or encephalopathy groups (18.5% and 16.5%, p = 0.735), although a higher but not statistically significant AC rate was observed in patients with grade III ascites (p = 0.777) and with grade II encephalopathy (p = 0.089). Chronic rejection was only developed by 9.1% of AC patients, regardless of the presence of ascites (6.2%) or encephalopathy (5.5%). The presence of ascites and encephalopathy complications did not seem to influence post-transplant survival. Neither the Child-Pugh nor the ALBI score can be considered the best for predicting patient survival in the short or long term.ConclusionsAscites and encephalopathy do not seem to influence AC or CR in patient survival, regardless of the presence of viral infections, so in our study neither the Child-Pugh nor ALBI score seems to be the best score to predict the outcomes of these patients.
Associations between the lipid profile and the development of hypertension in young individuals – the preliminary study
Authors: Chruściel Piotr , Stemplewska Paulina , Stemplewski Adam , Wattad Mohamad , Bielecka-Dąbrowa Agata , Maciejewski Marek , Penson Peter , Bartlomiejczyk Marcin A. , Banach Maciej 
Published: June 2019

IntroductionHypertension is the leading direct cause of death in the world and one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Elevated blood pressure (BP) often coexists with lipid disorders and is an additional factor that increases CV risk. Nowadays, we are able to distinguish low density lipoproteins (LDL) and high density lipoproteins (HDL) subfractions. Except LDL also HDL small subfractions can increase the risk of CV events. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the associations between changes of lipoprotein subfractions and the risk of hypertension development.Material and methodsIn 2-year long study 200 volunteers with normal blood pressure at the age of 19–32 years were included. Each volunteer underwent detailed medical examination, 12-lead electrocardiogram was taken at rest, echocardiogram, lipid subfraction assessment (using Lipoprint®) and two 24-hour BP measurements.ResultsMean total cholesterol concentration was 189 mg/dl (4.89 mmol/l), with mean LDL concentration of 107 mg/dl (2.77 mmol/l), HDL of 63 mg/dl (1.63 mmo/l), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) of 40 mg/dl (1.04 mmol/l) and triglycerides (TG) of 89 mg/dl (1.00 mmol/l). Subfractions LDL 1–3 were most abundant, LDL 4–5 making up a marginal portion and LDL 6–7 were not observed. Whereas, subfractions HDL 4–6 were most abundant, in lower concentration was present HDL 1–3 and HDL 8–10. We showed that increased systolic blood pressure coreclated significantly with HDL cholesterol concentrations (p = 0.0078), HDL intermediate subgractions (p = 0.0451), with HDL-3 subfraction (p = 0.0229), and intermediate density lipoprotein-A (IDL-A) (p = 0.038). A significant correlation between increased diastolic blood pressure and HDL lipoprotein levels (p = 0.0454) was only observed.ConclusionsObtained results indicating correlation between total HDL levels and HDL-3 subfraction concentration (for systolic BP) and the tendency to develop hypertension.
Can close romantic relationships last? The commitment of partners in married and cohabitant couples
Authors: Janicka Iwona Lidia , Szymczak Wiesław 
Published: June 2019

BackgroundWestern studies indicate the significance of commitment in close emotional relationships. Interpersonal com-mitment is regarded as a process which is indispensable for building and strengthening close relationships, and is associated with the continuation of relationships between happy or unhappy partners. With this in mind, interpersonal commitment is an important topic for analysis. A theory by Stanley and Markman served as the inspiration for conducting studies on the commitment of partners in permanent relationships in Poland.Participants and procedureThe results for 260 couples (160 marriages and 100 cohabiting couples) were finally submitted for analysis. All the participants (N = 520) were aged from 19 to 68 (M = 33.01, SD = 11.16). The mean ages of the participants were 31.98 years (SD = 10.95) for women and 34.03 years (SD = 11.30) for men. The Interpersonal Commit-ment Questionnaire (KZI) was used to analyse the perception of the relationships; this is the Polish version of the Commitment Inventory by Stanley and Markman.ResultsThe present findings indicate that marriages tend to portend better than cohabitations. The permanence of mar-riage is based on dedication, reflecting the significance of the relationship, and constraint commitment, which regards concern for the partner’s well-being. The latter may hinder partners, especially men, from leaving the relationship.ConclusionsStudies conducted in Poland tend to produce very similar results to those performed in the US concerning the level of commitment by partners in cohabiting relationships. It may be concluded that the type of commitment is specified more closely by the form of the relationship rather than the socio-cultural conditions in which the cou-ples live.
Spectrum of imaging findings in pulmonary infections. Part 1: Bacterial and viral
Authors: Garg Mandeep , Prabhakar Nidhi , Gulati Ajay , Agarwal Ritesh , Dhooria Sahajal 
Published: June 2019

Chest radiography is generally the first imaging modality used for the evaluation of pneumonia. It can establish the presence of pneumonia, determine its extent and location, and assess the response to treatment. Computed tomography is not used for the initial evaluation of pneumonia, but it may be used when the response to treatment is unusually slow. It helps to identify complications, detect any underlying chronic pulmonary disease, and also to characterise complex pneumonias. Although not diagnostic, certain imaging findings may suggest a particular microbial cause over others. Knowledge of whether pneumonia is community-acquired or nosocomial, as well as the age and immune status of the patient, can help us in narrowing the differential diagnoses. The purpose of this article is to briefly review the various pulmonary imaging manifestations of pathogenic organisms. This knowledge along with clinical history and laboratory investigations of the patient may help in guiding the treatment of pneumonia.
The effects of fermented milk products (kefir and yogurt) and probiotic on performance, carcass characteristics, blood parameters, and gut microbial population in broiler chickens
Authors: Ghasemi-Sadabadi Mohammad , Ebrahimnezhad Yahya , Shaddel-Tili Abdolahad , Bannapour-Ghaffari Vahid , Kozehgari Hashem , Didehvar Mirmojtaba 
Published: June 2019

Abstract. This study was conducted to determine the effects of fermented milk products
and probiotic on performance, carcass characteristics, blood parameters, and
gut microbial population in broiler chickens. A total of 480 one-day-old
Ross 308 broilers were allocated to 30 floor pens in a completely randomized
design with six treatments, five replicates, and 16 chicks (eight males and
eight females) in each replicate. On the first day, the male and female
chicks were weighed and divided by the feather sexing method so that the
average body weight of chicks was approximately equal in each pen. Treatments
consisted of six groups (including control): group 1 had a basal diet and normal drinking water, group 2 had a basal
diet and probiotics (PrimaLac®) in drinking water as recommended by
the manufacturer, group 3 had a basal diet and 2 % yogurt in drinking water,
group 4 had a basal diet and 4 % yogurt in drinking water, group 5 had a basal diet
and 2 % kefir in drinking water, and group 6 had a basal diet and 4 % kefir in
drinking water. Chemical and microbiological characteristics of kefir and
yogurt were measured after each production. The results showed that 4 %
kefir, yogurt, and probiotic at the recommend level in water improved body
weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio compared with other
groups (P < 0.05). The results indicated that treatment had a
significant effect on the carcass yield, intestinal length, thigh yield, and
abdominal fat in male and female chickens (P < 0.05). There were no
effects on total bacteria population but the lactobacilli and coliform bacteria
populations showed increasing and decreasing trends, respectively, with 4 % kefir, yogurt, and probiotic supplementation at 28 and 42 d (P < 0.05). In
addition, blood glucose and total protein increased when using a high
levels of kefir, yogurt, and probiotic in water, while cholesterol and LDL (low-density lipoprotein)
concentrations were lower in 4 % kefir, yogurt, and probiotic at the
recommended level. Consequently, the results of this study showed that the
use of 4 % kefir, yogurt, and probiotic at recommended level in water
had beneficial effects on the growth performance, intestinal bacteria
population, and blood biochemical parameters in male and female broiler
chickens.
Exploring 2016–2017 surface ozone pollution over China: source contributions and meteorological influences
Authors: Lu Xiao , Zhang Lin , Chen Youfan , Zhou Mi , Zheng Bo , Li Ke , Liu Yiming , Lin Jintai , Fu Tzung-May , Zhang Qiang 
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Severe surface ozone pollution over major Chinese cities has become an
emerging air quality concern, raising a new challenge for emission control
measures in China. In this study, we explore the source contributions to
surface daily maximum 8 h average (MDA8) ozone over China in 2016 and 2017,
the 2 years with the highest surface ozone averaged over Chinese cities in
record. We estimate the contributions of anthropogenic, background, and
individual natural sources to surface ozone over China using the GEOS-Chem
chemical transport model at 0.25∘×0.3125∘
horizontal resolution with the most up-to-date Chinese anthropogenic
emission inventory. Model results are evaluated with concurrent surface
ozone measurements at 169 cities over China and show generally good agreement.
We find that background ozone (defined as ozone that would be present in
the absence of all Chinese anthropogenic emissions) accounts for 90 %
(49.4 ppbv) of the national March–April mean surface MDA8 ozone over China
and 80 % (44.5 ppbv) for May–August. It includes large contributions from
natural sources (80 % in March–April and 72 % in May–August). Among
them, biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions enhance MDA8
ozone by more than 15 ppbv in eastern China during July–August, while
lightning NOx emissions and ozone transport from the stratosphere both
lead to ozone enhancements of over 20 ppbv in western China during
March–April. Over major Chinese city clusters, domestic anthropogenic
sources account for about 30 % of the May–August mean surface MDA8 ozone
and reach 39–73 ppbv (38 %–69 %) for days with simulated MDA8 ozone
> 100 ppbv in the North China Plain, Fenwei Plain, Yangtze
River Delta, and Pearl River Delta city clusters. These high ozone episodes
are usually associated with high temperatures, which induce large BVOC
emissions and enhance ozone chemical production. Our results indicate that
there would be no days with MDA8 ozone > 80 ppbv in these major
Chinese cities in the absence of domestic anthropogenic emissions. We find
that the 2017 ozone increases relative to 2016 are largely due to higher
background ozone driven by hotter and drier weather conditions, while
changes in domestic anthropogenic emissions alone would have led to ozone
decreases in 2017. Meteorological conditions in 2017 favor natural source
contributions (particularly soil NOx and BVOC ozone enhancements) and
ozone chemical production, increase the thermal decomposition of peroxyacetyl
nitrate (PAN), and further decrease ozone dry deposition velocity. More
stringent emission control measures are thus required to offset the adverse
effects of unfavorable meteorology, such as high temperature, on surface ozone
air quality.
Characterizing ERA-Interim and ERA5 surface wind biases using ASCAT
Authors: Belmonte Rivas Maria , Stoffelen Ad 
Published: June 2019

Abstract. This paper analyzes the differences between ERA-Interim
and ERA5 surface winds fields relative to Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) ocean vector wind
observations, after adjustment for the effects of atmospheric stability and
density, using stress-equivalent winds (U10S) and air–sea relative motion
using ocean current velocities. In terms of instantaneous root mean square (rms) wind speed
agreement, ERA5 winds show a 20 % improvement relative to ERA-Interim
and a performance similar to that of currently operational ECMWF forecasts.
ERA5 also performs better than ERA-Interim in terms of mean and transient wind
errors, wind divergence and wind stress curl biases. Yet, both ERA products
show systematic errors in the partition of the wind kinetic energy into
zonal and meridional, mean and transient components. ERA winds are
characterized by excessive mean zonal winds (westerlies) with too-weak mean
poleward flows in the midlatitudes and too-weak mean meridional winds (trades)
in the tropics. ERA stress curl is too cyclonic in midlatitudes and high latitudes,
with implications for Ekman upwelling estimates, and lacks detail in the
representation of sea surface temperature (SST) gradient effects (along the equatorial cold tongues
and Western Boundary Current (WBC) jets) and mesoscale convective airflows (along the Intertropical Convergence Zone and the warm
flanks for the WBC jets). It is conjectured that large-scale mean wind
biases in ERA are related to their lack of high-frequency (transient wind)
variability, which should be promoting residual meridional circulations in
the Ferrel and Hadley cells.
Antropologie a naturalismus
Authors: Drcmánková Karolína 
Published: June 2019

Cílem textu je zaměřit se na kritickou reflexi postmoderních přístupů a podobu interpretativistického výzkumu na poli antropologie z pohledu filozofie vědy zakládajícím se na naturalistickém přístupu. Poukážeme na úskalí, které postmoderní pojetí přináší, a jako korektiv předložíme koncepci, jež vychází z naturalistického pojetí opřeného o poznatky z filozofie vědy. Přestože antropologie čerpá z filozofického základu, naturalismus nebyl v metodologii antropologického výzkumu doposud zcela zohledněn. Cílem je tuto mezeru vyplnit a ukázat, jaký význam může mít začlenění naturalistického přístupu při zkoumání lidského jednání, zejména potom při antropologickém terénním výzkumu. V textu shrneme hlavní oblasti, s nimiž antropologie pracuje. Ukážeme současný přístup ke studiu těchto oblastí a jakým způsobem lze dané postupy obohatit o naturalistický pohled.
La teoría sociológica del derecho europea y las concepciones jurídicas del zapatismo mexicano | The European sociological theory of law and the legal conceptions of the mexican zapatismo
Authors: Soriano González María Luisa 
Published: June 2019

Resumen: Los críticos del positivismo legalista en la transición del siglo XIX al XX -Gény, Ehrlich, Kantorowiz- enfrentaron una concepción plural del derecho a la ley como única fuente formal del derecho y al Estado como una única fuente material del derecho. La semejanza de estos críticos y el derecho indígena en general -y en particular el derecho indígena zapatista- es asombrosa tanto en lo que respecta a la defensa de una pluralidad de normas como a la génesis y formación histórica de las mismas.
Abstract: The critics of legalistic positivism in the transition from the nineteenth to the twentieth centuries -Gény, Ehrlich, Kantorowiz- were opposed to a plural conception of the law to the law as the only formal source and the state as a only material source of law. The similarity between these critics and indigenous law in general -and indigenous zapatista law in particular- is amazing as much in respect to the defense of a plurality of rules as to their origin and historical development.

ABSTRACT: The critics of legalistic positivism in the transition from the nineteenth to the twentieth centuries -Gény, Ehrlich, Kantorowiz- were opposed to a plural conception of the law to the law as the only formal source and the state as a only material source of law. The similarity between these critics and indigenous law in general -and indigenous zapatista law in particular- is amazing as much in respect to the defense of a plurality of rules as to their origin and historical development.
El europeísmo y sus retos democráticos en el marco adverso del neoliberalismo global: cultivo del ethos humanista de Europa y renovación del contrato sociopolítico | Europeanism and its democratic challenges in the adverse global neoliberalism: cultivation of the humanist ethos of Europe and renewal of the socio-political contract
Authors: Martínez i Seguí Joan Alfred 
Published: June 2019

Resumen: ¿Cuáles son los valores que han de sustentar el incierto futuro de la Europa del siglo XXI inmersa en un mundo multipolar en gestación? Metodológicamente desde una hermenéutica fenomenológica crítica con vocación normativa, el artículo intenta dar respuesta a tal pregunta mediante dos objetivos concretos. Primero, a partir del acervo común de los humanismos democráticos asentado tras la Segunda Guerra Mundial por el europeísmo político, establecer los valores y principios que, a modo de ética pública, deberían regir la imperiosa renovación del contrato sociopolítico de las democracias europeas. Y segundo, diagnosticar algunos de los impedimentos a este deseable desarrollo de las democracias europeas provenientes tanto del pensamiento hegemónico neoliberal como de las variadas reacciones populistas e iliberales surgidas en su contra.

Abstract: What are the values that will sustain the uncertain future of Europe immersed in a multipolar world in gestation? Methodologically from a critical phenomenological hermeneutics with a normative vocation, this text tries to answer this question by means of two concrete objectives. First, based on the democratic humanisms established after the Second World War by political Europeanism, to establish the values and principles that, as a public ethics, should govern the imperious renewal of the sociopolitical contract of European democracies. And second, to diagnose some of the impediments to this desirable development of the European democracies coming from both the neoliberal hegemonic thought and the varied populist and illiberal reactions that have arisen against it.
Pensar la colección Cine y Derecho a partir de Mario Ruiz Sanz
Authors: Susín Betrán Raúl 
Published: June 2019

Se trata de una aportación que tiene su origen en el seminario celebrado en la Universidad de Valencia en octubre de 2018, y que llevó por título: "Seminario Mario Ruiz. Cine, Literatura y Derecho, dentro de la mesa redonda 'Cine y Derecho'. Un colección de Mario Ruiz.
En esta aportación nos aproximamos a cuestiones vinculadas con la relación cine y derecho y con la colección Cine y Derecho de la editorial Tiran lo Blanch, para lo que se tiene constantemente como referencia la figura de Mario Ruiz y su concepción de esta relación cine y derecho.
El "jove" professor Mario Ruiz | Mario Ruiz, the “Young” Professor
Authors: Vernet i Llobet Jaume 
Published: June 2019

Resumen: En este texto, desde una perspectiva personal, se destacan y comentan brevemente algunas de las aportaciones científicas del profesor Mario Ruiz,, catedrático acreditado en filosofía del derecho, en el marco de las jornadas que se celebraron en su recuerdo en las Universidades de Valencia y Rovira i Virgili (18 de octubre de 2018 y 14 de novienbre de 2018, respectivamente).
Abstract: In this text, from a personal perspective, shares some of the scientific contributions of Professor Mario Ruiz that were highlighted and briefly commented within the framework of the conferences that were held in his memory at the Universities of Valencia and Rovira i Virgili (October 18, 2018 and November 14, 2018, respectively).
In memoriam, Mario Ruiz (1967-2018)
Authors: De Lucas Martín Javier 
Published: June 2019

Resumen: texto de la intervención del Prof. Dr. Javier de Lucas en el homenaje al Prof. Dr. Mario Ruiz Sanz celebrado en Valencia.

Abstract: speech of Prof. Javier de Lucas, Ph.D., in the homage dedicated to Prof. Dr. Mario Ruiz Sanz, Ph.D., held in Valencia.
Els postulats de la filologia romànica internacional sobre l’origen, la identitat i el nom de la llengua catalana (1806-1906)
Authors: Martí-Badia Adrià 
Published: June 2019

Resum: Aquest treball analitza els postulats dels romanistes no catalanòfons sobre l’origen, la identitat i el nom de la llengua catalana entre 1806 i 1906. Al segle xix es situa l’inici de la filologia romànica, i cada vegada més erudits cataloguen i estudien les diferents llengües romàniques. Progressivament, en aquest període els romanistes prenen en consideració la llengua catalana, i realitzen afirmacions sobre el seu origen —compartit amb la llengua occitana o independent des de l’inici—, la seua identitat —subordinada a l’occità o autònoma com la resta de llengües romàniques— i el nom amb què cal referir-s’hi.

Abstract: This paper analyses the postulates of the non-Catalan-speaking Romanists about the origin, the identity and the name of the Catalan language between 1806 and 1906. Romance philology emerges in the 19th century and scholars started to categorize and study the different romance languages. Progressively, during this period, Romanists take into consideration the Catalan language and make statements about its origin —shared with the Occitan language or independent from the beginning—, its identity —subordinated to Occitan or autonomous as the other romance languages— and the name with which the language should be mentioned.