bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mobile telephone‐delivered contingency management interventions promoting behaviour change in individuals with substance use disorders: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Getty Carol‐Ann , Morande Ana , Lynskey Michael , Weaver Tim , Metrebian Nicola 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackground/aimsContingency management (CM) interventions have gained considerable interest due to their success in the treatment of addiction. However, their implementation can be resource‐intensive for clinical staff. Mobile telephone‐based systems might offer a low‐cost alternative. This approach could facilitate remote monitoring of behaviour and delivery of the reinforcer and minimize issues of staffing and resources. This systematic review and meta‐analysis assessed the evidence for the effectiveness of mobile telephone‐delivered CM interventions to promote abstinence (from drugs, alcohol and tobacco), medication adherence and treatment engagement among individuals with substance use disorders.DesignA systematic search of databases (PsychINFO, CINAHL, MEDLINE PubMed, CENTRAL, Embase) for randomized controlled trials and within‐subject design studies (1995–2019). The review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement. The protocol was registered on PROSPERO.SettingAll included studies originated in the United states.ParticipantsSeven studies were found, including 222 participants; two targeted alcohol abstinence among frequent drinkers and four targeted smoking cessation (in homeless veterans and those with post‐traumatic stress disorder). One targeted medication adherence.MeasuresThe efficacy of CM to increase alcohol and nicotine abstinence was compared with control using several outcomes; percentage of negative samples (PNS), quit rate (QR) and longest duration abstinent (LDA) at the end of the intervention.FindingsThe random‐effects meta‐analyses produced pooled effect sizes of; PNS [d = 0.94, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.63–1.25], LDA (d = 1.08, 95% CI = 0.69–1.46) and QR (d = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.27–0.66), demonstrating better outcomes across the CM conditions. Most of the studies were rated as of moderate quality. ‘Fail‐safe N' computations for PNS indicated that 50 studies would be needed to produce a non‐significant overall effect size. None could be calculated for QR and LDA due to insufficient number of studies.ConclusionMobile telephone‐delivered contingency management performs significantly better than control conditions in reducing tobacco and alcohol use among adults not in treatment for substance use disorders.
Implant education patterns and clinical practice of general dentists in Australia
Authors: Cheung MC , Hopcraft MS , Darby IB 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to understand trends in dentists' implant training attendance and correlation to treatment provision. Implant‐specific oral hygiene instruction coverage in training programs was investigated.MethodsA cross‐sectional web‐survey of dentists registered in Australia was conducted. Respondents were asked about their background, implant training history and treatment provision. Results were analysed by implant provision characteristics and graduation decade.ResultsThree hundred and three responses from general dental practitioners (GDPs) were received and analysed. The highest implant training levels attained post‐graduation were postgraduate non‐specialist qualification (7.9% of respondents), continuing professional development (CPD) (73.6%) versus none (18.5%), with differences between implant providers and non‐providers (P < 0.001), different graduation decades (P < 0.001) and those restoring implants or performing surgery as well (P < 0.001). University‐based CPD was attended less than dental association/society or implant company CPD. Non‐providers were significantly less likely to recall implant oral hygiene instruction sources (P < 0.001). Most GDPs (74.9%) provided implant services, with younger GDPs beginning earlier after graduation. About 16% of respondents did not provide implants once established career‐wise.ConclusionsDentists might be providing implant treatments increasingly earlier in their careers. Respondents with more training were significantly more likely to perform more complex procedures, while implant training attendance trends varied by graduation decade.
Patterns of care for orbital marginal zone B‐cell lymphoma of mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue in Korea throughout 2016: Results from a multicenter cross‐sectional cohort study (KROG 16–19)
Authors: Lee Jeongshim , Oh Dongryul , Choi Byung Ock , Eom Keun‐Yong , Lee Jong Hoon , Kim Jung Hoon , Lee Sang Wook , Suh Yang Kwon , Suh Chang‐Ok 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimPrimary orbital mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas are generally sensitive to radiotherapy (RT), but a “wait and see” strategy has also been used in asymptomatic patients. Recently, orbital MALT lymphoma has been reported to be associated with Chlamydia psittaci infection. This study aimed to assess the current patterns of care in clinical practice for orbital MALT lymphoma in South Korea.MethodsWe performed a multicenter, cross‐sectional cohort study of patterns of care for orbital MALT lymphoma in South Korea throughout 2016. All patients were pathologically confirmed to have orbital MALT lymphoma.ResultsOverall, eight institutions with 90 patients participated. The survey showed that the most frequent upfront treatment for orbital MALT lymphoma was RT (80/90, 90%). Other treatment modalities were given to a limited number of orbital MALT lymphoma patients as follows: watch and wait, 6/90 (7%); antibiotics, 3/90 (3%) and chemotherapy, 1/90 (1%). Generally, RT was administered to the entire involved site such as the entire conjunctiva/eyelid or entire orbit (96%), with a median total dose of 25.2 Gy. Lens shielding was performed for most patients with conjunctival and eyelid tumors (93%).ConclusionsRT was the conventional treatment modality for orbital MALT lymphoma. Currently, RT is performed for the entire involved subsites at a lower dose than that previously used, and lens shielding was applied to minimize the orbital complication.
The c‐Myc‐regulated miR‐17‐92 cluster mediates ATRA‐induced APL cell differentiation
Authors: Yu Xibao , Hu Yanyun , Wu Yifan , Fang Chunsheng , Lai Jing , Chen Shaohua , Li Yangqiu , Zeng Chengwu , Zeng Yixin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundDespite advances in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) with all‐trans‐retinoic acid (ATRA), its underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated. The oncogenic microRNA cluster miR‐17‐92 modulates multiple cellular processes, including survival, proliferation, and apoptosis. However, the role of miR‐17‐92 and its regulation has not yet been documented for APL.MethodsWe analyzed miR‐17‐92 expression in APL samples and cell lines by qRT‐PCR. The expression of c‐Myc was measured by western blot. Cell differentiation was assessed by measuring the surface CD11b antigen expression by flow cytometry analysis.ResultsWe observed that miR‐17‐92 was upregulated in APL compared with healthy donors. Furthermore, we demonstrated that expressions of c‐Myc and miR‐17‐92 are markedly suppressed during ATRA‐induced NB4 cell differentiation. Importantly, we also demonstrated that miR‐17‐92 is directly regulated by c‐Myc during the granulocytic differentiation of APL cells. Finally, the overexpression of miR‐17‐5p blocks ATRA‐induced differentiation.ConclusionsWe report abnormal expression of the miR‐17‐92 cluster in APL cells, which is responsible for the differentiation block in blast cells in APL. In addition, we identified miR‐17‐92 as a target gene of c‐Myc during ATRA‐induced granulocytic differentiation.
Incidence rate and clinicopathological features of 62 atypical fibroxanthomas in a North‐Western Spanish population
Authors: Iglesias‐Pena Nicolás , López‐Solache Laura , Martínez‐Campayo Nieves , Meilán‐Sánchez Iago , Yebra‐Pimentel María Teresa , Balboa‐Barreiro Vanesa , Paradela Sabela , Fonseca Eduardo 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesAtypical fibroxanthoma (AFX) is a mesenchymal neoplasm of unknown incidence. It has been determined that AFX is a tumour with low aggressiveness as long as it is properly diagnosed. Our objectives were to exclude pleomorphic dermal sarcomas or other skin tumours incorrectly diagnosed as AFX in our centre after applying strict diagnostic criteria and to assess the behaviour of appropriately diagnosed AFX.MethodsWe conducted an observational retrospective analysis of 73 patients diagnosed with AFX in our centre between 1998 and 2018. After selecting cases fulfilling AFX criteria, we made an analysis of predictive factors for local recurrence. Crude and sex‐adjusted incidence rates were calculated.ResultsOut of 73 cases, 62 were eventually diagnosed as AFX. We examined for absence of tumour necrosis, lymphovascular or perineural invasion and infiltration of deep structures. Cytokeratin AE1‐AE3, desmin and CD34 were negative in all cases. The remaining tumours were reclassified. The incidence of AFX in our health‐care area was estimated at 0.59 cases every 100 000 inhabitants per year. In our series, 72.6% of the patients were men with mean age at diagnosis of 81 years. Average tumour diameter was 12 mm. The most common location was head and neck (96.8%). Only four local recurrences were detected over a mean of 47‐month follow‐up.ConclusionsWe report a series of AFX in our health‐care area. We verify its indolent course when it is properly diagnosed.
Prevalence and histopathological signatures of optic disc drusen based on microscopy of 1713 enucleated eyes
Authors: Skougaard Marie , Heegaard Steffen , Malmqvist Lasse , Hamann Steffen 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPurposeOptic disc drusen (ODD) are calcified optic nerve head deposits. Objectives of this study were to examine the prevalence of ODD in eyes removed by enucleation and to describe related histopathological signatures of ODD and surrounding tissues.MethodsThe study was a retrospective observational case series study assessing and re‐evaluating enucleated eyes in Denmark from 1980 to 2015 by microscopy. Individual ODD were described based on size, number and location (superficial and/or deep) within the optic nerve. Optic nerve heads with ODD were assessed for elevated discs, retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness, oedematous axons and presence of localized peripapillary axonal distension (LPAD) equivalent to the peripapillary hyperreflective ovoid mass‐like structures seen on optical coherence tomography.ResultsMicroscopy of 1713 eyes revealed ODD in 31 eyes equivalent to a prevalence of 1.8%. Optic disc drusen (ODD) were seen as circular shapes of different sizes and varying number. Elevated discs were present in 15 (54%) of the cases. Thickening of the superficial RNFL was present in eyes with large deeply located ODD. For more superficial ODD of approximately same size, the RNFL was thinner. Oedematous axons were present in three eyes. Localized peripapillary axonal distension (LPAD) was seen in five eyes.ConclusionsPrevalence of ODD in this study of histopathological signatures was higher than the prevalence found in clinical studies. Our results suggest that large, deep ODD might cause crowding and herniation of axons in the optic nerve head leading to a thickened superficial nerve fibre layer, pseudopapilledema and LPAD.
Making sense of models: How teachers use agent‐based modeling to advance mechanistic reasoning
Authors: Hsiao Ling , Lee Irene , Klopfer Eric 
Published: July 2019

AbstractComputer modeling promotes mechanistic reasoning when learners build and analyze models of complex systems to explore causal mechanisms and use models to generate patterns. StarLogo Nova (SLN), an agent‐based modeling (ABM) environment, enables novice programmers to model a system's individual components and investigate its emergent, collective behavior. Through case analysis of teachers using SLN, we demonstrate how ABM advances thinking about mechanisms generating phenomenon. Teachers who used simulation combined with the decoding of SLN models utilized mechanistic reasoning to make sense of how and why complex phenomenon emerged.Practitioner NotesWhat is already known about this topic

Mechanisms, or causal explanatory processes, are critical in science. Mechanistic reasoning is concerned with why a phenomenon occurs.
Traditionally in science classrooms, teachers incorporate pre‐packaged simulations that limit the ability to understand mechanisms within the simulations.
Agent‐based modeling empowers learners to model at the micro‐level to understand how macro‐level phenomenon emerge in complex systems.
What this paper adds

StarLogo Nova, an agent‐based modeling environment, has features that support mechanistic reasoning.
Using simulation combined with decoding of models in StarLogo Nova promotes mechanistic explanations of why phenomenon occurs.
Teachers are able to scaffold student interactions in StarLogo Nova to support students' mechanistic reasoning.
Implications for practice and/or policy

When using computer simulations in instruction, incorporate decoding of models to engage students in uncovering why a phenomenon occurs.
In professional development programs on scientific modeling, it is important for educators to learn how decoding contributes to students' understanding of mechanisms in models and experience modeling as a scientific practice.
Can't see the colony for the bees: behavioural perspectives of biological individuality
Authors: Smith‐Ferguson Jules , Beekman Madeleine 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTThe question ‘what is an individual’ does not often arise in studies within the field of behavioural ecology. Generally behavioural ecologists do not think about what makes an individual because they tend to use intuitive working concepts of individuality. Rarely do they explicitly mention how individuality affects their experimental design and interpretation of results. By contrast, the concept of individuality continues to intrigue philosophers of biology. It is interesting that while philosophers of biology debate definitions of individuality, biologists generally use the concept of individuality every day without much thought. Here we review the philosophical approaches to defining biological individuality, and illustrate how the biological individuality concepts used by biologists are affected by their study question and choice of organism. We clarify the behavioural perspective of biological individuality by introducing the concept of the behavioural individual. The notion of the behavioural individual is particularly interesting when explored in less‐conventional study organisms. By including less‐conventional organisms, it becomes clear why the concept of biological individuality is usually intuitive in behavioural ecology.
Short‐term high‐fat diet feeding protects from the development of experimental allergic asthma in mice
Authors: Schröder Torsten , Wiese Anna V. , Ender Fanny , Quell Katharina M. , Vollbrandt Tillman , Duhn Jannis , Sünderhauf Annika , Künstner Axel , Moreno‐Fernandez Maria E. , Derer Stefanie , Aherrahrou Zouhair , Lewkowich Ian , Divanovic Senad , Sina Christian , Köhl Jörg , Laumonnier Yves 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundA close association between obesity and asthma has been described. The nature of this association remains elusive, especially with respect to allergic asthma. Controversial findings exist regarding the impact of short‐term high‐fat diet (HFD) feeding on the development of allergic asthma.ObjectiveTo delineate the impact of short‐term HFD feeding on the development of experimental allergic asthma.MethodsFemale C57BL/6JRJ mice were fed with a short‐term HFD or chow diet (CD) for 12 weeks. Allergic asthma was induced by intraperitoneal OVA/alum sensitization followed by repeated OVA airway challenges. We determined airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and pulmonary inflammation by histologic and flow cytometric analysis of immune cells. Furthermore, we assessed the impact of HFD on dendritic cell (DC)‐mediated activation of T cells.ResultsFemale mice showed a mild increase in body weight accompanied by mild metabolic alterations. Upon OVA challenge, CD‐fed mice developed strong AHR and airway inflammation, which were markedly reduced in HFD‐fed mice. Mucus production was similar in both treatment groups. OVA‐induced increases in DC and CD4+ T‐cell recruitment to the lungs were significantly attenuated in HFD‐fed mice. MHC‐II expression and CD40 expression in pulmonary CD11b+ DCs were markedly lower in HFD‐fed compared to CD‐fed mice, which was associated in vivo with a decreased T helper (Th) 1/17 differentiation and Treg formation without impacting Th2 differentiation.Conclusions/clinical relevanceThese findings suggest that short‐term HFD feeding attenuates the development of AHR, airway inflammation, pulmonary DC recruitment and MHC‐II/CD40 expression leading to diminished Th1/17 but unchanged Th2 differentiation. Thus, short‐term HFD feeding and associated metabolic alterations may have protective effects in allergic asthma development.
Group cognitive behavioural therapy can reduce stigma and improve treatment compliance in major depressive disorder patients
Authors: Tong Ping , Bu Ping , Yang Yang , Dong Liping , Sun Ting , Shi Yuanhong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimThe stigma of mental disorders and poor treatment compliance can deprive patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) of receiving standard treatment. This study aimed to clarify whether MDD patients' stigma and treatment non‐compliance issues can be mitigated using group cognitive behavioural therapy (GCBT).MethodsEighty‐eight participants with first‐episode MDD were randomly divided into GCBT groups (GCBTs) and control groups (Cs). The Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD‐24), Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS‐8™) and Stigma Scale (SS) were used to evaluate the therapeutic effect on all participants before and after receiving GCBT. Data were assessed at baseline and post‐treatment.ResultsAt the baseline, there were no significant differences (in terms of the demographic data of the participants and the scores on HRSD‐24, MMAS‐8™ and SS) between the two groups. After 8 weeks of GCBT, there were significant differences in HRSD‐24 (P < .01), MMAS‐8™ (P < .01), SS (P < .01), treatment compliance (P < .01) and therapeutic effect evaluation based on rate of deduction (P < .05) between the two groups.ConclusionGCBT can reduce patients' sense of stigma, improve treatment compliance, effectively alleviate depressive symptoms and promote the recovery of MDD patients.
Negative symptoms in the clinical high‐risk state for psychosis: Connection with cognition and primacy in impacting functioning
Authors: Gerritsen Cory , Maheandiran Margaret , Lepock Jenny , Ahmed Sarah , Kiang Michael , Bagby Robert Michael , Mizrahi Romina 
Published: July 2019

AimIn the clinical high‐risk (CHR) state for psychosis, both negative symptoms and lower cognitive function have been associated with poorer daily functioning. Recent evidence suggests that negative symptoms share overlapping variability with cognition and may partially mediate the relationship between cognition and functioning. However, the nature of this overlap is unknown, and the reverse mediation model remains untested leaving the precise nature of these associations unclear.MethodsIn order to clarify these relationships, a sample of community‐dwelling youth meeting CHR criteria was collected from a specialty CHR clinic (n = 91, mean age = 21, 63% male). Bootstrapping methods were then applied in a mediation analysis to test both negative symptoms and cognition as independent variables and mediating variables predicting social and role functioning in CHR individuals. Canonical correlation analysis was used to characterize the overlapping variability between negative symptoms and cognition.ResultsSupport for a primary role of negative symptoms in predicting functioning and cognition was observed. Canonical correlation revealed a single dimension of overlap between the two symptom types (r = .62), represented by a strong correlation between negative symptoms in general and tasks involving verbal working memory, vigilance and social cognition specifically. A single cognitive factor composed primarily of these tasks was found to predict role functioning (adjusted R
2 = .04).ConclusionsThe results highlight the importance of considering specific cognitive mechanisms overlapping with negative symptoms in research and rehabilitative practice in CHR populations, as well as the primary importance of targeting negative symptoms.
Improving privacy in health care with an ontology‐based provenance management system
Authors: Can Ozgu , Yilmazer Dilek 
Published: July 2019

AbstractProvenanc refers to the origin of information. Therefore, provenance is the metadata that record the history of data. As provenance is the derivation history of an object starting from its original source, the provenance information is used to analyse processes that are performed on an object and to track by whom these processes are performed. Thus, provenance shows the trustworthiness and quality of data. In a provenance management system in order to verify the trustworthy of provenance information, security needs must be also fulfilled. In this work, an ontology‐based privacy‐aware provenance management model is proposed. The proposed model is based on the Open Provenance Model, which is a common model for provenance. The proposed model aims to detect privacy violations, to reduce privacy risks by using permissions and prohibitions, and also to query the provenance data. The proposed model is implemented with Semantic Web technologies and demonstrated for the health care domain in order to preserve patients' privacy. Also, an infectious disease ontology and a vaccination ontology are integrated to the system in order to track the patients' vaccination history, to improve the quality of medical processes, the reliability of medical data, and the decision making in the health care domain.
A scheduling algorithm based on the singular value decomposition heuristic method in a distributed manufacturing system
Authors: Shao Xia , Xin Yu 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBecause distributed manufacturing technology is the foundation of modernized production and traditional heuristic methods exhibit problems of high complexity and low efficiency, this paper designs a scheduling algorithm based on the singular value decomposition heuristic (SVDH) method. The algorithm uses the device distribution and the transportation relationship between devices in a distributed manufacturing system. The algorithm takes the sequence relationship between tasks and the distance between devices as the implicit relationship between the task and the device. The algorithm makes use of the implicit relationship to amend the processing time matrix of the task and corrects the processing time matrix that contains the transportation relationship. Singular value decomposition principal component analysis is performed on the corrected processing time to find the most suitable processing device for each process, and an initial solution matrix is established. The heuristic solution is used to optimize the initial solution to find the optimal scheduling result based on the initial solution matrix. The establishment of the initial solution can effectively reduce the computational complexity of the heuristic solution, realize a parallelizing solution, and improve the efficiency of the heuristic solutions. In addition, the SVDH scheduling result has a lower transfer time between devices due to the consideration of the topology of tasks and devices, that is, the transit time. In this paper, the experiments are conducted on the heuristic performance, scheduling results, and transportation time. The experimental results show the advantages of SVDH over general heuristic algorithms in terms of efficiency and transit time.