bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does patient-reported perception of pain differ based on surgical approach in total hip arthroplasty?
Authors: Nam D. , Nunley R. M. , Clohisy J. C. , Lombardi A. V. , Berend K. R. , Barrack R. L. 
Published: May 2019

Aims Whether patient-reported pain differs among surgical approaches in total hip arthroplasty (THA) remains unclear. This study’s purposes were to determine differences in pain based on surgical approach (direct anterior (DA) vs posterolateral (PL)) and PL approach incision length. Patients and Methods This was a retrospective investigation from two centres and seven surgeons (three DA, three PL, one both) of primary THAs. PL patients were categorized for incision length (6 cm to 8 cm, 8 cm to 12 cm, 12 cm to 15 cm). All patients had cementless femoral and acetabular fixation, at least one year’s follow-up, and well-fixed components. Patients completed a pain-drawing questionnaire identifying the location and intensity of pain on an anatomical diagram. Power analysis indicated 800 patients in each cohort for adequate power to detect a 4% difference in pain (alpha = 0.05, beta = 0.80). Results A total of 1848 patients (982 DA, 866 PL) were included. PL patients were younger (59.4 years, sd 12.9 vs 62.7 years, sd 9.7; p < 0.001) and had shorter follow-up (3.3 years, sd 1.3 vs 3.7 years, sd 1.3; p < 0.001). DA patients reported decreased moderate to severe trochanteric (14% vs 21%; p < 0.001) and groin pain (19% vs 24%; p = 0.004) than PL patients. There were no differences in anterior, lateral, or posterior thigh, back, or buttock pain between cohorts (p = 0.05 to 0.7). PL approach incision length did not impact the incidence or severity of pain (p = 0.3 to 0.7). Conclusion A significant proportion of patients perceive persistent pain following THA regardless of approach. DA patients reported less trochanteric and groin pain versus PL patients. PL incision length did not influence the incidence or severity of patient-reported pain. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B(6 Supple B):31–36.
A Utilização das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação no Ensino de Biologia: uma Revisão Bibliográfica / The Use of Information and Communication Technologies in Teaching Biology: a Bibliographic Review
Authors: Santos José Rufino Silva dos , Souza Brenda Thaise Cerqueira de 
Published: May 2019

A utilização das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação, atualmente tem se expandido de forma maciça em todos os setores, inclusive no campo educacional, em virtude da demanda da sociedade. No ambiente escolar, a presença dessas Tecnologias deixou de ser um diferencial para ser quase uma obrigação, tendo em vista os ganhos significativos no campo da aprendizagem. Deste modo, há uma necessidade de estudos que analisem como está acontecendo esse processo de inserção, e como os atores principais da educação estão trabalhando nele. Este artigo, de revisão bibliográfica, tem o objetivo de apurar como a utilização de novas tecnologias da comunicação e informação, além do livro didático, contribuem como ferramentas para utilização em sala de aula pelos professores de biologia. Em face dos resultados da pesquisa faz-se necessário repensar no uso dessas tecnologias nas práticas pedagógicas não apenas como mera ferramenta para atrair a atenção dos alunos, mas sim como ferramenta da prática docente capaz de agregar valor ao processo de ensino e aprendizagem.
Fabrication of the large-area flexible transparent heaters using electric-field-driven jet deposition micro-scale 3D printing
Authors: Zhou Hefei , Zhu Xiaoyang , Li Hongke , Lan Hongbo 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
In order to realize the mass production of the large-area flexible transparent film heater (FTFH) at low-cost, this paper presents a novel method which can achieve the direct fabrication of the large-area FTFH with Ag-grid by using an electric-field-driven jet deposition micro-scale 3D printing. The effects of the line width and the pitch of the printed Ag-grids on the optical transmittance and the sheet resistance are revealed. A typical FTFH with area of 80 mm × 60 mm, optical transmittance of 91.5% and sheet resistance of 4.7 Ω sq−1 is fabricated by the nano-silver paste with a high silver content (80 wt.%) and high viscosity (up to 20 000 mPa · s). Temperature-time response profiles and heating temperature distribution show that the heating performance of the FTFH has good thermal and mechanical properties. Furthermore, the adhesive force grade between the Ag-grid and the PET substrate measured to be 4B by 3M scotch tape. Therefore, the FTFH fabricated here is expected to be widely used in industry, such as window defroster of vehicles and display or touch screens owing to its striking characteristics of large area and low cost fabrication.
Learning Korean honorifics through individual and collaborative writing tasks and written corrective feedback
Authors: Cho Hyejin , Kim YouJin 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
To date, the majority of task-based instructed second language acquisition studies have investigated the effects of tasks on second language morphosyntactic development, and little attention has been paid to the effectiveness of dialogic tasks on the learning of pragmatics in classroom contexts (Plonsky, L. & Y. Kim. 2016. Task-based learner production: A substantive and methodological review. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 36. 73–97). The present study is a partial replication study of Taguchi and Kim (2016. Collaborative dialogue in learning pragmatics: Pragmatic-related episodes as an opportunity for learning request-making. Applied Linguistics 37. 416–437) and aims to compare learning outcomes between collaborative and individual task groups while written corrective feedback is provided.
Thirty-two high beginner learners of Korean from two classes participated in this study. Each class was randomly assigned to either a collaborative or an individual group to complete e-mail writing tasks. In the collaborative group, students wrote e-mails with a partner, whereas the individual group wrote e-mails independently to introduce their professors during study abroad using four types of Korean honorifics. Both groups received indirect corrective feedback on honorifics used during task performance. Written description tests (WDT) were designed to investigate the short-term and long-term learning of Korean honorifics in line with the instructional tasks. Students’ responses on the WDT were analyzed in terms of the number of suppliance and accurate production of each target feature. Students’ responses to teacher feedback were analyzed using the following categories: resolved correctly, resolved incorrectly, and unresolved.
The results showed that there was no significant difference in the production of target features during task performance when indirect WCF was provided to both conditions. Furthermore, both groups significantly outperformed in the immediate and delayed posttest than the pretest. However, the results found no difference in learning of Korean honorifics between the two groups.
Gap Effects in a Rheometrical Flow of a Hydrophobically Associating Polymer Solution: Apparent Slip or Material Instability?
Authors: Aubry Thierry , Blonce Louis , Moan Michel 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we study gap effects and apparent slip phenomena in a torsional flow of a moderately concentrated hydrophobically modified associative polymer solution.Slip is investigated by varying the gap between concentric parallel disks, and the plate surface roughness.The onset of apparent slip is shown to occur when the associative network is destroyed, and the slip velocity to increase with increased shear stresses in the strong shear-thinning region of the flow curve.The apparent slip phenomenon is shown to be due to the associative character of the polymer solution; it has been attributed to the existence of clusters of associating polymers (microgels),which behave like soft particles in a low viscous dispersing medium once the associative network is destroyed.Apparent slip can be eliminated by using measuring plates with roughness of about 100µm, that is of the order of the characteristic size of the microgels.
Fluid Immobilization – A Structure-Related Key Mechanism for the Viscous Flow Behavior of Concentrated Suspension Systems
Authors: Windhab Erich J. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The role of fluid immobilization (FIM) is not only of great importance for solid food systems with respect to their stability, but is also a crucial factor for the rheological behaviour of suspension systems [1]. Besides the fluid binding mechanisms known for porous solids an additional hydro-dynamically induced fluid immobilization (HIFI) is of importance for suspensions in flow. The contribution of the HIFI-mechanism is taken into account by a particle or aggregate shape factor, which for non-spherical or non-cube-like shapes depends additionally on the orientation in the flow field. In many food suspension systems sphere- or cube-like particles with hydrophilic or hydrophobic surface properties build aggregates in the watery and/or fat continuous phases. Such particle aggregates are characterised by different surface and volume FIM-properties. The fluid fraction which is immobilized at the surface fsif depends on surface characteristics like fluid adhesion, interfacial tension and roughness. The volume related immobilized fluid fraction fvif depends on porosity, pore size distribution or packing density.
Well-Characterized Low Viscosity Elastic Liquids
Authors: Harrison Graham M. , Boger D. V. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
A series of low and constant viscosity elastic liquids are constructed and are studied rheologically. Steady shear viscosity and normal stresses, dynamic properties, and an apparent extensional viscosity are measured using well-established techniques. The rheological characteristics of the solution are used to help explain the physical basis for non-Newtonian phenomena in short time scale processes such as jet breakup, splash, spray atom-isation and swirling flow. It is demonstrated that even when the shear viscosity is maintained at a constant value, significant differences occur in processes due to the differences in the elasticity of the fluids. Some implications for these observations are discussed. The paper is an overview on our work on elastic effects in the flow of low viscosity fluids. It reflects the verbal presentation made at the Professor John D. Ferry Symposium at the 71st Annual Meeting of the Society of Rheology.
Fourier-Transform-Rheology on linear polystyrene melts
Authors: Neidhöfer T. , Wilhelm M. , Spiess H.W. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Large amplitude oscillatory shear (LAOS) was applied to a linear polymer melt in order to study the mechanical harmonic generation in the nonlinear regime. In the nonlinear regime mechanical harmonics at 3w1, 5w1, etc. are generated under oscillatory shear with a shear frequency w1. These higher harmonics can be analysed with respect to frequencies, amplitudes and phase if the time data of the torque is Fourier transformed. This experimental method (FT-Rheology) permits therefore to quantify the mechanical nonlinearities if sinusoidal shear rates are applied.
This article describes the basic idea of this experimental method as well as the application to different anionically polymerized polystyrene melts. The dependence of the nonlinear, rheological properties with respect to the molecular weight Mn, the applied strain g0, the frequency w1 and the temperature was investigated. In addition to simple nonlinear theories we could also observe even harmonics at 2w1, 4w1, etc. in the FT-rheology spectra. The appearance of even harmonics was correlated with the appearance of a more complex nonlinear behaviour.
Correlation of Dynamic and Steady Flow Viscosities of Food Materials
Authors: Yu Chenxu , Gunasekaran Sundaram 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Eight commercial foods representing a wide range of viscosities (i.e. honey, condensed milk, mayonnaise, tomato ketchup, cream cheese, yogurt, process and Mozzarella cheeses) were investigated. Their steady shear viscosity and dynamic complex viscosity were determined by rheological measurements at two temperatures using a Bohlin-CVO rheometer. Based on experimental data, shear rate dependence of steady flow apparent viscosity and frequency dependence of dynamic viscosity was established and compared. It was determined that for condensed milk, tomato ketchup and mayonnaise, a modified Cox-Merz relation could be established. For cream cheese, a generalized Cox-Merz relation was proposed; and for yogurt, a deviation from the Cox-Merz rule was found. For Mozzarella and process cheeses a sharp drop in steady shear viscosity was noticed between 1~10 s-1 shear rate range. The Cox-Merz rule was not applicable for these cheese samples.
Temperature Dependent Flow Properties of Powder Injection Moulding Compounds
Authors: Honek Tomas , Hausnerova Berenika , Saha Petr 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe temperature dependent flow properties of highly filled polymer compounds intended for production of hard-metal parts by powder injection moulding (PIM) technology were studied. The pure binder based on polyethylene, ethylene and butyl acrylate block copolymer and paraffin, and its compounds with hard-metal carbide powder (up to 55 vol. %) were prepared by melt mixing at 180˚C. The flow properties were investigated at the temperature range from 140˚C to 200˚C using capillary rheometer operating flow at a constant piston speed. The measure of temperature sensitivity of PIM compounds, activation energy of shear flow, decreases with powder loading and shear rate. The Arrhenius relation for these materials is only valid in the stable flow region. At the temperatures above 170˚C the compounds filled with 45 vol. % carbide powder and higher exhibit an unstable flow of pressure oscillations type at the shear rates above 103 s-1. The onset of pressure oscillations is strongly affected by temperature. The relation between critical shear stress for the onset of pressure oscillations and temperature is non-linear.
On the Influence of Concentration on the Rheology of Polymer Solutions: Can Scaling Laws Be Found?
Authors: Nogueiro A. J. , Maia J. M. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The present work is concerned with the study of the rheology of polymer solutions spanning different concentration regimes and originates from a former round-robin research programme on this subject, the S1 project, involving a number of research groups and institutions. The base fluid for this programme was the so-called S1 fluid, which is a 2.5% w/w solution of Polyisobutylene (PIB) in a solvent consisting of a mixture of polybutene oil and dekalin. In this paper a set of solutions having different concentrations of PIB are studied in steady shear, oscillatory shear and in axi-symmetrical contraction flows. The focus of the study is on the possibility of finding concentration scaling laws for polymer solutions spanning each or several of the concentration regimes. The results in shear flows show that it is possible to find scaling laws both for temperature and concentration in all regimes. Extensional results show that the curves superimpose within each concentration regime, but not over the whole range of concentrations. Accordingly, concentration scaling laws were then found for both shear and extension, the latter depending on the concentration regime: dilute, semi-dilute or concentrated.
Dynamic Rheological Properties of Concentrated Chitosan Soltions
Authors: Martínez-Ruvalcaba A. , Chornet E. , Rodrigue D. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA detailed analysis of the dynamic flow properties of chitosan in solution at different temperatures (25 - 45°C), chitosan concentration (0.5% - 2.0%), solvent type (acetic, lactic, and hydrochloric acid), and ionic strength (0 and 0.2M NaCl) has been undertaken. The storage modulus, G’, loss modulus, G’’ and complex viscosity, η* have been determined over a wide range of frequencies and the results are presented using master curves. For the conditions studied, at low frequencies chitosan solutions show a constant complex viscosity which decreases as frequency increases. Likewise, storage modulus, G’ and loss modulus, G’’ increase as frequency increases with G’’ being always greater than G’ (η’ > η’’) indicating that viscous effects are more important than elastic effects. For modelling the oscillatory-shear results we used the generalized Maxwell model. Two empirical equations were used to correlate the data: Cox-Merz rule for viscosity and Laun's rule for primary normal stress difference. Both relations were found to represent our data for the experimental conditions studied.
Particle Fluid Separation in Shear Flow of Dense Suspensions: Experimental Measurements on Squeezed Clay Pastes
Authors: Roussel Nicolas , Lanos Christophe 
Published: May 2019

AbstractParticle fluid separation is studied in the case of slow squeezing flow of dense clay suspensions. The fluid pressure gradient generated by the test induces heterogeneity in the sample. Experimental water content measurements at different time points through the test allow the quantification of this separation phenomenon. The problem equations are written in the case of purely extensional flow. Based on Terzaghi principle, Darcy’s law and a Cam Clay type constitutive equation, the influence of the permeability function on the predicted void ratio evolution is studied. It is then shown that a certain water amount is strongly linked to the grains and cannot be extracted from the sample using simple compression. This critical water amount is then taken in account in the permeability function in order to predict the compression load through the test.
Characterisation of the Structure and Flow Behaviour of Model Chocolate Systems by Means of NMR and Rheology
Authors: Götz Joachim , Balzer Hartmut , Hinrichs Ruth 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
In order to characterise the structure and flow behaviour of model chocolate systems Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and rheometry were used to determine the T1 - and T2 - NMR relaxation times and their corresponding flow functions. T1 and T2 characterise the molecular mobility of fluids and correlate with both the zero-shear-rate and infinity viscosity of various chocolate model systems (determined with rotational rheometry and capillary rheometry). Based on this correlation, NMR provides the possibility to determine characteristic viscosities of chocolate masses by means of NMR-relaxation experiments. The viscosities of chocolate masses are important process parameters, as they are used for quality control of the production process. An online process viscosimetry via T2 relaxation would allow the installation of an efficient process control and, thus, a process automation. This NMR application with comparatively short measuring times is especially interesting for disperse systems where the use of conventional rheometric techniques may cause large errors. The only prerequisite for the measurement of the viscosities using NMR is a previous calibration. This was performed with the help of rotational and capillary rheometry. The NMR self-diffusion experiments are especially appropriate to characterise the influence of emulsifiers on the structure and the flow behaviour of chocolate masses.
Dynamic Rheological Analysis of MLVs and Lamellar Phases in the System C12E4 / D2O
Authors: Coppola Luigi , Nicotera Isabella , Oliviero Cesare 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe mechanical properties of the lamellar phase, La, of the system C12E4/D2O were studied along an isoplethal path (30 wt% C12E4) in the temperature range 10 - 60°C. A dynamic analysis was determined by small strain oscillatory rheometry. The multilamellar vesicles (“MLVs”) (“onions”) were transformed by shearing the lamellar phase. The micellar phase was investigated by steady and dynamic rheological experiments. The micellar aggregate size increases slightly upon heating and the transition from micelles to lamellae appears to be a first order transition. The mechanical spectra of the lamellar phase show a strong dependence of the moduli on the frequency. This is typical of defective lamellar phases. They are different from MLVs mechanical spectra. The MLVs viscous and storage moduli are almost independent from the frequency and they exhibit the characteristics of a strong gel. The temperature of formation of the MLVs phase influences the mechanical properties of the MLVs. Three different packing states of the MLVs phase were observed in the temperature range 25 - 55°C.
Genomic study via chromosomal microarray analysis in a group of Romanian patients with obesity and developmental disability/intellectual disability
Authors: Micleaa Diana , Al-Khzouza Camelia , Osan Sergiu , Bucerzan Simona , Cret Victoria , Popp Radu Anghel , Puiu Maria , Chirita-Emandi Adela , Zimbru Cristian , Ghervan Cristina 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundObesity with developmental disability/intellectual disability (DD/ID) is the most common association in syndromic obesity. Genomic analysis studies have allowed the decipherment of disease aetiology, both in cases of syndromic obesity as well as in cases of isolated or syndromic DD/ID. However, more data are needed to further elucidate the link between the two. The aim of this pangenomic study was to use single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array technology to determine the copy number variant (CNV) type and frequency associated with both obesity and DD/ID.MethodsThirty-six patients were recruited from the Clinical Emergency Hospital for Children, in Cluj-Napoca, Romania during the period 2015–2017. The main inclusion criterion was a diagnosis that included both obesity and DD/ID. Genomic analysis via SNP array technology was performed.ResultsOut of the 36 patients, 12 (33%) presented CNVs with a higher degree of pathogenicity (A group) and 24 (66%) presented benign CNVs (B group). The SNP array results for the A group were as follows: pathogenic CNVs in 8/12 patients (67%); variants of unknown significance (VOUS) in 2/12 patients (16%); and uniparental disomy (UPD) in 2/12 patients (16%).ConclusionsSome of these CNVs have already been observed in patients with both obesity and DD/ID, but the others were noticed only in DD/ID patients and have not been described until now in association with obesity.