bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NHS Health Check and healthy lifestyle in Leicester, England: analysis of a survey dataset
Authors: Chattopadhyay K , Biswas M , Moore R 
Published: May 2019

Aims: A major component of the National Health Service (NHS) Health Check in England is to provide lifestyle advice to eligible participants. The aims of the study were to explore the variations (in terms of uptake) in the NHS Health Check in Leicester and to determine its association with a healthy lifestyle. Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the Leicester Health and Wellbeing Survey (2015). Results: The odds of having an NHS Health Check were found to be higher in Black and minority ethnic groups and in people of other religions. The odds were lower in people without a religion, residing in the fourth index of multiple deprivation quintile and in ex-smokers. No associations were found between having an NHS Health Check and describing a healthy lifestyle, following a healthy lifestyle, thinking of making lifestyle changes in the next 6 months, cutting down on/stopping smoking among current smokers, or amount of alcohol current drinkers would like to drink. Conclusions: In Leicester, a few variations in having an NHS Health Check were found among different socio-economic, demographic and behavioural groups. No association was found between the NHS Health Check and a healthy lifestyle. Thus, the improvement work should focus on reducing these variations in having the NHS Health Check and bringing its benefits on promoting a healthy lifestyle.
Behavior stages of a physician- and coach-supported cloud-based diabetes prevention program for people with prediabetes
Authors: Srivastava Pallavi , Verma Ashish , Geronimo Christine , Button Terry M 
Published: May 2019

Introduction: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Diabetes Prevention Program recognition requires successful program completion by a cohort of at least five people with prediabetes. Such programs have generally been “in-person” and provided by a qualified coach from a recognized program. A cohort of 10 patients with prediabetes was enrolled in a physician’s office to use the cloud-based Type II Diabetes Prevention Module in an effort to achieve recognition. Module use was supported by the physician and a qualified coach. The purpose of this article is to evaluate Module performance relative to behavior stages associated with long-term behavior modification. Methods: The Module employs a web application supporting diabetes prevention education and a mobile application that is an electronic diary and virtual coach. A dashboard allows an efficient review of user performance and the ability to send users notifications of support from the user’s coach or physician. The cohort of 10 patients with prediabetes was offered Module use upon diagnosis of prediabetes. Results: All 10 patients with prediabetes offered Module use agreed participation. Six have completed educational sessions, made diary entries, and have met the 5% Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Diabetes Prevention Program weight loss target prior to 6 months of Module use. This high success rate (60%) is contrary to behavior stages often associated with long-term behavior modification. Conclusion: The strength of the physician–patient relationship appears to allow patients with prediabetes to skip or advance rapidly through behavioral stages in the process of lifestyle modification.
Repair integrity and functional outcomes of arthroscopic repair for intratendinous partial-thickness rotator cuff tears
Authors: Kim Kyung Cheon , Lee Woo-Yong , Shin Hyun Dae , Joo Yong-Bum , Han Sun-Cheol , Chung Hyung-Jin 
Published: May 2019

Purpose: We evaluated the clinical and radiological outcomes of arthroscopic repair of intratendinous partial-thickness rotator cuff tears. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 30 patients who underwent arthroscopic repair of intratendinous partial-thickness rotator cuff tears from January 2010 to January 2015 in a single institute. Five outcome measures were used: a visual analog scale (VAS) pain score, the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score, the shoulder rating scale of the University of California at Los Angeles, the Constant–Murley score, and range of motion (ROM). Pain was recorded using the VAS. Active ROM was measured goniometrically. Rotator cuff repair integrity was determined via magnetic resonance imaging or ultrasonography at least 6 months after arthroscopic repair. Results: Of the 30 patients, 29 (96.6%) returned for functional follow-up evaluation no earlier than 2 years after the operation. All functional scores exhibited significant improvements (all p = 0.000). The VAS improved from a mean of 5.8 ± 1.6 to 2.5 ± 2.6 ( p = 0.000). The mean active ROM of forward flexion changed from 149.8 ± 33.8° preoperatively to 172.4 ± 9.1° ( p = 0.001) at the last follow-up; abduction changed from 115.6 ± 50.3° to 171.3 ± 15.9° ( p = 0.000). Postoperative radiological evaluation revealed retearing in three patients (3/28, 10.7%), including two with articular-side partial-thickness retears and one with a bursal-side partial-thickness retear. Conclusion: Arthroscopic repair of intratendinous partial-thickness rotator cuff tears was associated with a retearing rate of 10.7% on radiological follow-up and afforded significant clinical and functional improvements.
Antibiotics self-medication among undergraduate pharmacy students in Northern Nigeria
Authors: Khalid Garba Mohammed , Jatau Abubakar Ibrahim , Ibrahim Umar Idris , Dungus Fatima Mustapha , Shitu Zayyanu , Sha’aban Abubakar , Burji Sa’idu Lawal 
Published: May 2019

Introduction: The burden of antibiotic self-medication (ASM) is increasing and becoming a global health threat due to antibiotics resistance. However, little is known about ASM among undergraduate pharmacy students who are the future custodians of medicines including antibiotics. Therefore, this study aims to develop, validate and utilize an online survey tool to investigate the prevalence of ASM among undergraduate pharmacy students in Northern Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey form was developed, validated by face validity, content validity, and pilot study. The hyperlink to the online survey form was shared with undergraduate pharmacy students in northern Nigeria via WhatsApp, Facebook, and Twitter. Data were collected from eligible participants and analyzed using descriptive statistic. Results: A total of 217 students responded to the online survey, with a completion rate of 100%. Of the total number of respondents, 200 (92.2%) reported practicing ASM at least once in their lifetime. The major reasons for ASM were previous knowledge (40.4%) and having no time to see a doctor or pharmacist (27.5%). Amoxicillin (32.6%), Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid (32.1%), Ampicillin/Cloxacillin (21.7%) and Ciprofloxacin (22.6%) were the most commonly implicated antibiotics in ASM. Cough, diarrhea, typhoid, and wound were the most frequently involved conditions. Patent medicine vendors (75.4%) and community pharmacies (29.4%) were the common source of antibiotics subjected to ASM. Conclusion: A research tool to assess ASM among undergraduate pharmacy students has been developed, validated and utilized. The prevalence of ASM is high among undergraduate pharmacy students in Northern Nigeria. Interventions to improve knowledge and awareness on ASM are needed among undergraduate pharmacy students to ensure antibiotic stewardship.
Phthalides serve as potent modulators to boost fetal hemoglobin induction therapy for β-hemoglobinopathies
Authors: Chen Wei-Ren , Chou Chia-Cheng , Wang Chia C. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractFetal hemoglobin (HbF) induction therapy has become the most promising strategy for treating β-hemoglobinopathies, including sickle-cell diseases and β-thalassemia. However, subtle but critical structural difference exists between HbF and normal adult hemoglobin (HbA), which inevitably leads to reduced binding of the endogenous modulator 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (2,3-BPG) to HbF and thus increased oxygen affinity and decreased oxygen transport efficiency of HbF. We combined the oxygen equilibrium experiments, resonance Raman (RR) spectroscopy, and molecular docking modeling, and we discuss 2 phthalides, z-butylidenephthalide and z-ligustilide, that can effectively lower the oxygen affinity of HbF. They adjust it to a level closer to that of HbA and make it a more satisfactory oxygen carrier for adults. From the oxygen equilibrium curve measurements, we show that the 2 phthalides are more effective than 2,3-BPG for modulating HbF. The RR spectra show that phthalides allosterically stabilize the oxygenated HbF in the low oxygen affinity conformation, and the molecular docking modeling reveals that the 2 chosen phthalides interact with HbF via the cleft around the γ1/γ2 interface with a binding strength ∼1.6 times stronger than that of 2,3-BPG. We discuss the implications of z-butylidenephthalide and z-ligustilide in boosting the efficacy of HbF induction therapy to mitigate the clinical severities of β-hemoglobinopathies.
An atypical pulmonary fibrosis is associated with co-inheritance of mutations in the calcium binding protein genesS100A3andS100A13
Authors: Al-Mutairy Eid A. , Imtiaz Faiga Ahmad , Khalid Mohammed , Al Qattan Somaya , Saleh Soad , Mahmoud Linah Mahmood , Al-Saif Maher Mohammed , Al-Haj Latifa , Al-Enazi Azizah , AlJebreen Abdullah M. , Mohammed Shamayel Faheem , Mobeireek Abdullah Fahad , Alkattan Khalid , Chisti Muzamil Amin , Luzina Irina G. , Al-Owain Mohammed , Weheba Ihab , Abdelsayed Abeer Mohamed , Ramzan Khushnooda , Janssen Luke J. , Conca Walter , Alaiya Ayodele , Collison Kate S. , Meyer Brian F. , Atamas Sergei P. , Khabar Khalid S. , Hasday Jeffrey D. , Al-Mohanna Futwan 
Published: May 2019

BackgroundPulmonary fibrosis is one of the leading indications for lung transplantation. The disease, which is of unknown aetiology, can be progressive, resulting in distortion of the extracellular matrix (ECM), inflammation, fibrosis and eventual death.Methods13 patients born to consanguineous parents from two unrelated families presenting with interstitial lung disease were clinically investigated. Nine patients developed respiratory failure and subsequently died. Molecular genetic investigations were performed on patients' whole blood or archived tissues, and cell biological investigations were performed on patient-derived fibroblasts.ResultsThe combination of a unique pattern of early-onset lung fibrosis (at 12–15 years old) with distinctive radiological findings, including 1) traction bronchiectasis, 2) intralobular septal thickening, 3) shrinkage of the secondary pulmonary lobules mainly around the bronchovascular bundles and 4) early type 2 respiratory failure (elevated blood carbon dioxide levels), represents a novel clinical subtype of familial pulmonary fibrosis. Molecular genetic investigation of families revealed a hypomorphic variant inS100A3and a novel truncating mutation inS100A13, both segregating with the disease in an autosomal recessive manner. Family members that were either heterozygous carriers or wild-type normal for both variants were unaffected. Analysis of patient-derived fibroblasts demonstrated significantly reduced S100A3 and S100A13 expression. Further analysis demonstrated aberrant intracellular calcium homeostasis, mitochondrial dysregulation and differential expression of ECM components.ConclusionOur data demonstrate that digenic inheritance of mutations inS100A3andS100A13underlie the pathophysiology of pulmonary fibrosis associated with a significant reduction of both proteins, which suggests a calcium-dependent therapeutic approach for management of the disease.
Prison healthcare services: the need for political courage
Authors: Piper Mary , Forrester Andrew , Shaw Jenny 
Published: May 2019

SummaryPrisons in England and Wales have reached a low point in service delivery. Despite initial improvements after National Health Service transfer in 2006, it has deteriorated since 2010, with numerous reports giving cause for concern. Improvements are now urgently required, and political courage and a revised national programme of expenditure are necessary.Declaration of interestNone.
Improvement of Care in Patients With Colorectal Cancer: Influence of the Introduction of Standardized Structured Reporting for Pathology
Authors: Sluijter Caro E. , van Workum Frans , Wiggers Theo , van de Water Carlijn , Visser Otto , van Slooten Henk-Jan , Overbeek Lucy I.H. , Nagtegaal Iris D. 
Published: May 2019

PURPOSE The use of standardized structured reporting (SSR) can improve communication between cancer specialists, which might improve clinical care; however, there are no reliable data on whether the introduction of SSR is associated with improvements in clinical outcome. PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort study in the Netherlands, including all patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) from 2009 to 2014. As a reference, cohorts of 2007 and 2008 were included. Data from the Netherlands Cancer Registry were used and combined with data from the Dutch Pathology Registry (PALGA) and the Dutch ColoRectal Audit. We tested the preformulated hypothesis that use of SSR improves the care of patients with CRC by improving the completeness of the pathology reports, the quality of the pathology evaluation, and patient outcomes with respect to treatment and survival. RESULTS We included 72,859 patients with CRC (23.8% reference, 32.9% SSR, and 43.3% narrative reports). Use of SSR increased over time, which resulted in more complete pathology reports (95.8% v 89.8%; P < .001). Risk assessment in stage II colon cancer was more adequate and resulted in an increased delivery of adjuvant therapy in patients with SSR (19.6% v 15.1%; P = .001). Risk of death for patients in the SSR group was significantly lowered (corrected hazard ratio, 0.94; 95% CI 0.90 to 0.97). CONCLUSION We demonstrate that use of SSR improved patient care in those with CRC by providing more complete reports of higher quality, which had significant effects on the delivery of adjuvant therapy and patient outcomes.
Prospective Survey of Financial Toxicity Measured by the Comprehensive Score for Financial Toxicity in Japanese Patients With Cancer
Authors: Honda Kazunori , Gyawali Bishal , Ando Masashi , Kumanishi Ryosuke , Kato Kyoko , Sugiyama Keiji , Mitani Seiichiro , Masuishi Toshiki , Narita Yukiya , Bando Hideaki , Taniguchi Hiroya , Kadowaki Shigenori , Ura Takashi , Muro Kei 
Published: May 2019

PURPOSE We previously reported on the pilot study assessing the feasibility of using the Japanese translation of the Comprehensive Score for Financial Toxicity (COST) tool to measure financial toxicity (FT) among Japanese patients with cancer. In this study, we report the results of the prospective survey assessing FT in Japanese patients with cancer using the same tool. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eligible patients were receiving chemotherapy for a solid tumor for at least 2 months. In addition to the COST survey, socioeconomic characteristics were collected by using a questionnaire and medical records. RESULTS Of the 191 patients approached, 156 (82%) responded to the questionnaire. Primary tumor sites were colorectal (n = 77; 49%), gastric (n = 39; 25%), esophageal (n = 16; 10%), thyroid (n = 9; 6%), head and neck (n = 4; 3%), and other (n = 11; 7%). Median COST score was 21 (range, 0 to 41; mean ± standard deviation, 12.1 ± 8.45), with lower COST scores indicating more severe FT. On multivariable analyses using linear regression, older age (β, 0.15 per year; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.28; P = .02) and higher household savings (β, 8.24 per ¥15 million; 95% CI, 4.06 to 12.42; P < .001) were positively associated with COST score; nonregular employment (β, −5.37; 95% CI, −10.16 to −0.57; P = .03), retirement because of cancer (β, −5.42; 95% CI, −8.62 to −1.37; P = .009), and use of strategies to cope with the cost of cancer care (β, −5.09; 95% CI, −7.87 to −2.30; P < .001) were negatively associated with COST score. CONCLUSION Using the Japanese version of the COST tool, we identified various factors associated with FT in Japanese patients with cancer. These findings will have important implications for cancer policy planning in Japan.
Effects of community-based health insurance on modern family planning utilization in Ethiopia
Authors: Kassie Girma , Tefera Bekele 
Published: May 2019

Background: Community-based health insurance (CBHI) has been established in a number of developing countries to expand access to modern health care service. However, few studies have focused on health care utilization of CBHI members in Ethiopia. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of CBHI on modern family planning (FP) utilization as part of its routine outcome monitoring activities. Methods: The USAID Transform: Primary Health Care project, conducted a continuous monitoring follow up visit using a multistage sampling technique in its four major targeted regions. A total of 3433 households were selected and 3313 women of reproductive age (15-49 years) were interviewed. The questionnaire captured the CBHI status of each household and FP use data from randomly selected women. Microsoft Access database was used to enter the data, which was then transferred to SPSS Version 20 for further analysis. Results: In total 50.8% of married women (aged 15-49 years) were found to be enrolled in CBHI. Current modern FP use is 47.5% among married women in project-supported areas. Modern FP use is 50.9% among married women who are exposed to CBHI schemes, versus 44.1% among women who are not exposed to CBHI which is statistically significant. Conclusions: Modern FP utilization among insured women was higher compared with uninsured women. While FP methods are provided for free, CBHI enrolment improves FP use among women of child-bearing age. Women who have access to CBHI may frequently visit health facilities seeking services for themselves and their families, during which they may be introduced to FP services. This in turn may improve their awareness and attitude towards FP. The results will increase awareness for program implementers of the benefits of CBHI schemes in FP programming, particularly in rural settings, and provide an opportunity to increase lifelong returns in Ethiopia.
Living with ureteric stents: a phenomenological study
Authors: Kelly Therese , Kelly Marcella Horrigan 
Published: May 2019

Background: patients with ureteric stents (JJ stents) have reported symptoms such as voiding dysfunction, incontinence, depression and sexual dysfunction, which have impacted on their quality of life, since the procedure was first described by Zimskind in 1967. Aim: the aim of this study was to enhance understanding of the lived experience of having a ureteric stent. Method: the research design used was hermeneutic interpretive phenomenology, underpinned by Heidegger's interpretive phenomenology. Findings: this phenomenological study found that ureteric stents have an impact on patients' quality of life. The five themes that emerged were: disruption to activities of daily life, burden on my physical body, burden on my mind, influence of time and influence of others. Conclusion: urological nurses can enhance the patient's experience of living with a ureteric stent by educating patients regarding stent symptoms and management, giving psychological support and advocating for the patient with adverse stent-related symptoms.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN IBU DENGAN STATUS GIZI BALITA DI KELURAHAN WONOREJO KABUPATEN KARANGANYAR
Authors: Nurma Yuneta Agus Eka , Hardiningsih Hardiningsih , Yunita Fresthy Astrika 
Published: May 2019

<p><strong>Latar belakang:</strong> Angka kematian balita (AKBA) merupakan indikator utama derajat kesehatan masyarakat. Balita yang mengalami gizi kurang pada dua tahun pertama kehidupannya, akan terjadi keterlambatan pertumbuhan fisik dan mental. Berdasarkan data dinas kesehatan tahun 2015 triwulan ketiga di Jawa Tengah angka kematian balita sebanyak 4.258 kasus, tahun 2014 sebanyak 6.486 kasus (11,54 per1.000 Kelahiran hidup). Persentase balita dengan gizi kurang ada 2,73%, gizi buruk ada 0,38%. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan ibu dan status gizi balita di Kelurahan Wonorejo Karanganyar.</p><p><strong>Subjek dan </strong><strong>Metode</strong><strong>:</strong> Desain penelitian adalah <em>cross sectional</em>. Penelitian dilakukan di posyandu kelurahan Wonorejo Kabupaten Karanganyar. Populasi penelitian ini adalah ibu yang mempunyai balita usia 1-5 tahun dan semua balita di posyandu kelurahan Wonorejo. Teknik pencuplikan sampel menggunakan <em>cluster random sampling</em>. Alat ukur dalam penelitian ini adalah kuesioner untuk mengukur tingkat pengetahuan ibu, untuk mengukur status gizi balita dengan mengukur berat badan menggunakan dacin atau timbangan injak.</p><p><strong>Hasil:</strong> Hasil analisis data menggunakan Kendall’s tau didapatkan nilai <em>p </em>sebesar 0,000 (p &lt; 0,05) yang menyatakan terdapat korelasi yang bermakna dan nilai korelasi pada penelitian ini adalah sebesar 0,482 yang menyatakan kekuatan korelasi sedang dengan arah yang positif.</p><p><strong>Kesimpulan:</strong> Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat pengetahuan ibu dan status gizi balita di Kelurahan Wonorejo.</p><p> </p><strong>Kata kunci:</strong> Tingkat pengetahuan, status gizi, balita.
Microfluidic Immunoaffinity Basophil Activation Test for Point-of-Care Allergy Diagnosis
Authors: Aljadi Zenib , Kalm Frida , Ramachandraiah Harisha , Nopp Anna , Lundahl Joachim , Russom Aman 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe flow cytometry-based basophil activation test (BAT) is used for the diagnosis of allergic response. However, flow cytometry is time-consuming, requiring skilled personnel and cumbersome processing, which has limited its use in the clinic. Here, we introduce a novel microfluidic-based immunoaffinity BAT (miBAT) method.MethodsThe microfluidic device, coated with anti-CD203c, was designed to capture basophils directly from whole blood. The captured basophils are activated by anti-FcεRI antibody followed by optical detection of CD63 expression (degranulation marker). The device was first characterized using a basophil cell line followed by whole blood experiments. We evaluated the device with ex vivo stimulation of basophils in whole blood from healthy controls and patients with allergies and compared it with flow cytometry.ResultsThe microfluidic device was capable of capturing basophils directly from whole blood followed by in vitro activation and quantification of CD63 expression. CD63 expression was significantly higher (P = 0.0002) in on-chip activated basophils compared with nonactivated cells. The difference in CD63 expression on anti-FcεRI-activated captured basophils in microfluidic chip was significantly higher (P = 0.03) in patients with allergies compared with healthy controls, and the results were comparable with flow cytometry analysis (P = 0.04). Furthermore, there was no significant difference of CD63% expression in anti-FcεRI-activated captured basophils in microfluidic chip compared with flow cytometry.ConclusionsWe report on the miBAT. This device is capable of isolating basophils directly from whole blood for on-chip activation and detection. The new miBAT method awaits validation in larger patient populations to assess performance in diagnosis and monitoring of patients with allergies at the point of care.