bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flexible Luminescent Fibers Based on Novel Antimony Halides Toward Advanced Anti‐Counterfeiting and Information Encryption
Authors: Zhou Tianrui , Wang Yunluo , Zhou Lin , Wu Jianghua , Pan Zesheng , Sun Futing , Gu Hao , Liu Ruifeng , Ye Tingting , Hou Jingshan , Fang Yongzheng , Liu Jixuan , Liu Bin , Wang Minghui , Chen Haijie , Wang Lianjun , Jiang Wan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntegrating and patterning metal halides into fibers extends their applications toward novel flexible and wearable optoelectronics, where the current relevant studies still focus on the toxic Pb halides. The Sb halides have the intrinsic merits of high stability and environmental friendliness yet remain an inclusive challenge in exploration to progress. Here, based on an idea of the selection of organic cations with large rigid and electron donor characteristics to optimize the lattice distortion and electronic environment of Sb halides, a series of novel Sb halides with different Sb‐X polyhedral configurations (seesaw dimers, square‐pyramidal, and octahedrons) are successfully obtained, achieving a maximal photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 99.3%. Due to the high solution compatibility of the as‐synthesized Sb halides, they are further assembled into solution‐processable inks, which are later processed into stable luminescent fibers by the electrospinning and facile direct ink writing (DIW) in 3D printing, respectively. The luminescent fibers are successfully used for advanced anti‐counterfeiting and information encryption. This work has developed a predictable design strategy for unknown Sb halides with efficient emissions and extended the Sb halides toward the applications in flexible optoelectronics fields.
A Multi‐Resonant Tunable Fabry‐Pérot Cavity for High Throughput Spectral Imaging
Authors: Wu Xiao , Lin Zijian , Tang Shige , Chen Xiao , Guo Tingbiao , He Sailing 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSpectral imaging technology has gained widespread application across diverse fields due to its ability to capture spatial and spectral information simultaneously. However, conventional spectral scanning methods using single‐peak tunable filters face the challenges of low optical throughput. Inspired by Fellgett's advantage in Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, this paper proposes a tunable filter with multiple resonances to improve optical throughput. It is composed of a simple Fabry‐Pérot cavity filled with liquid crystal. An artificial neural network is employed to match with the filter for spectrum reconstruction. Experimental results show a spectral resolution of 10 nm and a switching time of ≈23 ms between adjacent states. As a demonstration, biological specimens are spectrally imaged under different light conditions with good fidelity. The results suggest that the filter possesses over six times higher optical throughput than a commercial liquid crystal tunable filter (LCTF), leading to better spectrum accuracy for spectral imaging under low‐light conditions. The compact and cost‐effective design of this tunable filter enables seamless integration into imaging systems, presenting promising prospects for practical applications such as portable health management and food inspection in low‐light conditions.
Exploration of barley (Hordeum vulgareL.) accessions for yield and yield components from diverse agro‐ecological zones of Ethiopia
Authors: Habtegebriel Mesfin Hailemariam , Feyissa Tileye , Alemu Tesfahun , Melkie Yemserach 
Published: November 2024

AbstractKnowing the accession's qualitative and quantitative genetic variability is the prerequisite for the trait's improvement for any barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) improvement programs. This study aimed to investigate the agronomic and yield trait performance. The field experiment was conducted in Gumer for the years 2021/2022 and 2022/2023 using the augmented block design with the data of 319 barley genotypes, including nine check entries and using eight blocks in rain‐fed conditions. A total of 23 both qualitative and quantitative traits were measured. The chi‐square test analysis showed significant genotypic variation for all qualitative traits. The significant differences (p < 0.001) in all the quantitative traits except for plant height, spike length, and harvest index. There was sizeable quantitative variation among the genotypes indicating the need to exploit a high degree of genetic variation through selection. The first four principal component analyses accounted for 64.82% of the total variation and the cluster analysis discriminated the barley into four discrete clusters. The correlation coefficient indicated significant differences among the correlations of the 10 quantitative traits. Furthermore, G6, G214, and G255 for earliness and G182, G126, and G44 for grain yield. Both qualitative and quantitative traits made it possible to locate potential new sources of genetic variation. Certain barley was thought to be possible sources of various agronomic traits, such as drought tolerance. The characterized Ethiopian landraces can be used to improve barley resilience against climate change and associated conditions and are recommended in breeding programs to improve productivity under different breeding objectives.
Quality of Life in Short Stature Children With Skeletal Dysplasia: A Cross Sectional Study Using the Quality of Life in Short Stature Youth Questionnaire
Authors: Kamiya Yasunari , Matsushita Masaki , Mishima Kenichi , Sawamura Kenta , Kitoh Hiroshi 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTPatients with skeletal dysplasia, including achondroplasia (ACH) and osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), exhibit a variety of short stature, which affect various aspects of their quality of life (QoL). The QoL of adult patients with skeletal dysplasia have been reported; however, research on QoL in children remains limited. The QoL in Short Stature Youth (QoLISSY) is a QoL survey tool developed specifically for short stature children and adolescent. We assessed the QoLISSY scores in children with various skeletal dysplasias presenting with short stature and compared the scores among ACH, OI, and other dysplasias. Forty and 72 questionnaires were sent to the children with various skeletal dysplasias and their parents, respectively, and 24 and 54 valid questionnaires, respectively, were collected. There were no significant differences in age, sex, or height between the patients with ACH, OI, and other skeletal dysplasias. Parents' social, emotional, and total QoL scores were significantly lower in the ACH group than in the OI group. A sub‐analysis revealed that the height standard deviation score did not correlate with the QoLISSY scores in all groups except for the belief score of OI parents.
Biological validation of peak‐width of skeletonized mean diffusivity as a VCID biomarker: The MarkVCID Consortium
Authors: Luckey Alison M. , Ghosh Saptaparni , Wang Chen‐Pin , Beiser Alexa , Bernal Rebecca , Li Zhiguang , Mbangdadji Djass , Fadaee Elyas , Snoussi Haykel , Dediós Angel Gabriel Velarde , Trevino Hector A. , Goss Monica , Hillmer Laura J. , Bauer Christopher E. , Staffaroni Adam M. , Stables Lara , Albert Marilyn , Himali Jayandra J. , Mosley Thomas H. , Forsberg Lars , Guðnason Vilmundur , Singh Baljeet , Singh Herpreet , Schwab Kristin , Kramer Joel H. , Rosenberg Gary A. , Helmer Karl G. , Greenberg Steven M. , Habes Mohamad , Wang Danny J. J. , Gold Brian T. , Lu Hanzhang , Caprihan Arvind , Fornage Myriam , Launer Lenore J. , Arfanakis Konstantinos , Seshadri Sudha , DeCarli Charles , Maillard Pauline , Satizabal Claudia L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDPeak‐width of skeletonized mean diffusivity (PSMD), a neuroimaging marker of cerebral small vessel disease (SVD), has shown excellent instrumental properties. Here, we extend our work to perform a biological validation of PSMD.METHODSWe included 396 participants from the Biomarkers for Vascular Contributions to Cognitive Impairment and Dementia (MarkVCID‐1) Consortium and three replication samples (Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology = 6172, Rush University Medical Center = 287, University of California Davis Alzheimer's Disease Research Center = 567). PSMD was derived from diffusion tensor imaging using an automated algorithm. We related PSMD to a composite measure of general cognitive function using linear regression models adjusting for confounders.RESULTSHigher PSMD was associated with lower general cognition in MarkVCID‐1 independent of age, sex, education, and intracranial volume (Beta [95% confidence interval], −0.8 [−1.2, −0.4], P < 0.001). These findings were replicated in independent samples. Furthermore, PSMD explained cognitive status above and beyond white matter hyperintensities.DISCUSSIONOur biological validation work supports the pursuit of larger clinical validation studies evaluating PSMD as a susceptibility/risk biomarker of small vessel disease contributing to cognitive impairment and dementia.Highlights
Peak‐width of skeletonized mean diffusivity (PSMD) is a novel small vessel disease neuroimaging biomarker.
A prior instrumental validation study demonstrated that PSMD is a robust biomarker.
This biological validation study shows that high PSMD relates to worse cognition.
PSMD explains cognitive function above and beyond white matter hyperintensities.
Future clinical validation will assess PSMD as a vascular contribution to cognitive impairment and dementia biomarker in clinical trials.
Modulation of Proinflammatory Cytokines by Parmotrema reticulatum Derived Dioxepine Derivative and Benzoic Methyl Ester in Adjuvant‐Induced Arthritis
Authors: Khader Syed Zameer Ahmed , Syed Zameer Ahmed Sidhra , SyedAmeen Syed Tajudeen , Chinnaperumal Kamaraj 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe present investigation aims to study the therapeutic effect and to identify the lead molecules from lichen Parmotrema reticulatum (Pr) that can solve the complications associated with arthritis. Purification of Pr extract led to isolation of two lead molecules i.e. Compound A (a Dioxepine derivative) as 3‐Hydroxy‐9‐hydroxymethyl‐1,8‐dimethyl‐11‐oxo‐11H‐dibenzo[b,e][1,4]dioxepine‐4,7 dicarboxylic acid 7‐methyl ester with molecular formula C19H16O9; molecular weight 388.34. Compound B as 3‐Hydroxy‐5‐methoxy‐4‐methyl‐benzoic acid (a Benzoic methyl ester) with molecular formula C9H10O4; molecular weight 182.2. In‐silico investigation specific for inflammation revealed good binding affinity of both the compounds with the targeted proteins. Further continuous administration of Pr and novel compounds A and B to CFA (Freund's complete adjuvant) induced arthritis rat revealed a reduction in arthritis complications possibly by inhibiting the formation of edema. The variations in relative body weight along with paw swelling and arthritic scores were identified. Inhibition of expressions of RA markers like RF, CRP, TNF‐𝛼, IL‐1𝛽, IL‐6, ALP, AST, ALT, and LDH was observed thereby inhibiting inflammation of the synovial cavity and cartilage damage effectively. Hence from our results, it is evident that Pr, Compound A and B has downregulated the inflammatory cytokines and can be a potential candidate to treat arthritis.
Subdural Empyema in a 13‐Year‐Old Male With History of Head Trauma: A Case Report
Authors: Budha Bishal , Subedi Sachet , Sedhai Samir , Pandey Uday , Khadka Aarju , Thapa Sujata , Yadav Arjun , Soti Nishchal , Sedain Gopal 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTSubdural empyema is rare but serious intracranial infection characterized by accumulation of pus between dura mater and arachnoid layer. The spread of infection is typically originating from sinusitis, otitis media, or osteomyelitis. Early diagnosis by radiological imaging and prompt treatment, either by surgical intervention or by broad spectrum antibiotics are crucial to prevent life threatening complications. Here, we present a case of subdural empyema in a 13‐year‐old male managed by surgical drainage and intravenous antibiotics.
Workflow to Select Functional Promoter DNA Baits and Screen Arrayed Gene Libraries in Yeast
Authors: Fañanás‐Pueyo Iris , Anhel Ana‐Mariya , Goñi‐Moreno Ángel , Oñate‐Sánchez Luis , Carrera‐Castaño Gerardo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe yeast one‐hybrid system (Y1H) is used extensively to identify DNA–protein interactions. The generation of large collections of open reading frames (ORFs) to be used as prey in screenings is not a bottleneck nowadays and can be carried out in‐house or offered as a service by companies. However, the straightforward use of full gene promoters as baits to identify interacting proteins undermines the accuracy and sensitivity of the assay, especially in the case of multicellular eukaryotes. Therefore, it is paramount to implement procedures for efficient identification of suitable promoter fragments compatible with the Y1H assay. Here, we describe a workflow to identify biologically relevant conserved promoter fragments of Arabidopsis thaliana through simple and robust phylogenetic analyses. Additionally, we describe a manual method and its automated robotized version for rapid and efficient high‐throughput Y1H screenings of arrayed ORF libraries with the identified DNA fragments. Moreover, this method can be scaled up or down and used for yeast two‐hybrid screenings to search for possible interactors of proteins identified by the Y1H approach or any other protein of interest, altogether underscoring its suitability to build gene regulatory networks. © 2024 The Author(s). Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Selection of DNA baits for Y1H screeningsBasic Protocol 2: Y1H screenings with arrayed gene librariesAlternate Protocol: Automated screening with a liquid‐handling robot
Efficient Alkaline Freshwater/Seawater Hydrogen Production via Heterogeneous N‐Doped FeMoO4/Mo2N Rod‐Shaped Electrocatalysts
Authors: He Yanxiang , Tu Meilian , Gan Weijiang , Zhu Zhixiao , Mushtaq Muhammad , Al‐Mamun Mohammad , Deng Jianqiu , Yang Hao , Wang Zhongmin , Balogun M.‐Sadeeq 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDurable and efficient Fe‐based electrocatalysts in alkaline freshwater/seawater electrolysis is highly desirable but persists a significant challenge. Herein, we report a durable and robust heterogenous nitrogen‐doped FeMoO4/Mo2N rod‐shaped catalyst on nickel foam (denoted NF@FMO/MN) affording hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) low overpotentials of 23/29 mV@10 mA cm−2 and 112/159 mV@100 mA cm−2 in both alkaline freshwater/seawater electrolytes, respectively. These results are significantly superior to the pristine FeMoO4 catalyst. Theoretical calculations consistently reveals that the combination of N‐FeMoO4 and Mo2N effectively reduces water activation energy barrier, modulates the sluggish water‐dissociation kinetics and accelerates the hydrogen adsorption process for efficient HER. The enhanced HER performance of the as‐designed NF@FMO/MN catalyst is attributed to the in situ hetero‐interfacial engineering between N‐doped FeMoO4 and Mo2N. This present work nurtures the progress of FeMo‐based electrocatalysts in alkaline freshwater/seawater electrolysis.
Using Bomb Calorimetry to Investigate Intestinal Energy Harvest in Anorexia Nervosa: Preliminary Findings on Stool Calorie Loss
Authors: Reed Kylie K. , Bulik‐Sullivan Emily C. , Qian Yunzhi , Javorsky Ella , Tarantino Lisa M. , Fodor Anthony A. , Steffen Kristine J. , Wonderlich Stephen A. , Mehler Philip S. , Bulik Cynthia M. , Carroll Ian M. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveRenourishment and weight restoration are critical first steps in anorexia nervosa (AN) treatment. The ability of the gastrointestinal tract to harvest and utilize energy from food is essential for successful weight restoration, but the functional capacity of the intestine after prolonged caloric restriction remains unknown. In an exploratory study, we quantified the stool energy content of individuals with AN before and after renourishment.MethodWe used archived stool samples from a multisite cohort (NCT03119272) of 103 individuals with AN at admission and discharge from inpatient renourishment and 122 sex‐matched non‐eating disorder controls (non‐ED). To determine whether bomb calorimetry may have utility in AN, we measured stool calorie loss as the number of kilocalories per gram of stool. Analyses included ANOVA, paired/unpaired t‐tests, and Spearman rank correlations for associations between stool energy and clinical variables.ResultsFollowing 25.10 ± 19.73 days of renourishment, patients gained an average of 5.67 ± 4.27 kg. Raw stool energy at discharge (AN‐DIS: 5.72 ± 0.86 kcal/g) was significantly higher than admission (AN‐AD: 5.41 ± 0.86 kcal/g; p < 0.01). Weight and BMI at admission and discharge were negatively correlated with raw stool energy at discharge.DiscussionEnergy content in stool increases after inpatient refeeding, likely due to increased calorie consumption. Findings should be interpreted cautiously due to methodological limitations in this post hoc study design. Future studies should use a priori, gold‐standard protocols to investigate stool calorie loss in AN, as prolonged restriction in AN may disrupt the gut and impede energy harvest.Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03119272
Soft Actor‐Critic Request Redirection for Quality Control in Green Multimedia Content Distribution
Authors: Goudarzi Pejman , Lloret Jaime 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTNowadays, network resource limitations which are resulted from the increasing interest of greedy users for streaming video services, lead the network operators to use multimedia content distribution/delivery network (CDN) for distribution of user requests to the network edges and hence optimally use their resources. Due to the stochastic and uncertain nature of user request distributions and green energy suppliers (wind, solar, etc.), developing an optimal request redirection methodology that takes into account both maximizing total users' quality of experience (QoE) and energy cost minimization is a challenging issue. In this paper, a model‐free soft actor‐critic reinforcement learning algorithm has been developed for QoE enhancement of smart grid‐enabled (green) content distribution networks. Contrary to the traditional CDNs, the achieved optimal request redirection policy, while maximizing the total QoE of the system, may redirect the users of a regional CDN point of presence to other (non‐regional) PoPs due to real‐time energy management mechanism associated with energy cost optimization constraints. We have performed extensive simulations on real electricity pricing data for validating the effectiveness of the proposed method and have compared it with similar approaches. The experimental results show that the proposed intelligent request routing method while preserving the same order of computational complexity, can achieve the energy cost savings up to 65% and improve the average total QoE of CDN users in comparison with similar methods.
Influence of Composite Edible Coating of Pectin, Glycerol, and Oregano Essential Oil on Postharvest Deterioration of Mango Fruit
Authors: Sanchez‐Tamayo Martha , Plaza‐Dorado José Luis , Ochoa‐Martínez Claudia 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTTo control mango postharvest deterioration, an edible coating based on pectin, glycerol, and oregano essential oil (OEO) was developed using a three‐step process involving optimization, validation, and comparison with a commercial fungicide. An extreme vertices mixture design approach was initially used to optimize the pectin, glycerol, and OEO concentrations in the coating formulation. We evaluated the impact of the coating components on the respiration rate, quality parameters, and anthracnose disease of mangoes. The optimal coating composition was 3.91% (w/v) pectin, 0.57% (w/v) glycerol, and 0.52% (w/v) OEO, with a desirability value of 0.8998. Model validation demonstrated that the measured values for all parameters fit the prediction interval of 95%, and the relative error varied between 0.88% and 12.28%. Validation experiments of the optimal coating compared to untreated mango and mango treated with a commercial fungicide showed that the optimal coating delayed ripening and effectively controlled the incidence of anthracnose for 18 days at 14°C and 85% relative humidity.
Radical C4−H Arylation of 1,4‐Dihydropyridines with Cyanoarenes
Authors: Guo Huaixuan , Qiu Shiqin , Xu Peng 
Published: November 2024

Abstract4‐Aryl‐1,4‐dihydropyridines are prevalent pharmacophores and versatile building blocks in medicinal and synthetic chemistry. Herein, we demonstrated a mechanistically distinct radical‐radical cross‐coupling approach to 4‐aryl‐1,4‐dihydropyridines, via direct C4−H arylation of 1,4‐dihydropyridines with readily available cyanoarenes. This mild protocol is initiated by the direct photoexcitation of 1,4‐dihydropyridines, eliminating the need for expensive photocatalysts and enabling operation under ambient air conditions.
Mendelian randomization study investigating the relationship between nutrients and polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Zhang Yujie , Guo Jiawen , Zhang Ning 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectivePolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects many women and is linked to nutrient intake, but the causal role of nutrients is unclear. Our study used Mendelian randomization (MR) to explore this relationship.MethodsWe employed two‐sample MR to investigate the causal effects of four macronutrients (carbohydrates, fats, sugars, proteins) and 12 micronutrients (vitamin A [retinol], folate, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C [ascorbic acid], vitamin D, vitamin E [alpha‐tocopherol], magnesium, calcium, iron, selenium, and zinc) on the risk of PCOS based on their circulating levels. We conducted analyses using the inverse variance‐weighted method (IVW), MR‐Egger regression, weighted median method, and simple model approach, with IVW as the primary method. To correct for multiple testing, the false discovery rate (FDR) method was applied. The reliability and potential bias of the results were assessed by sensitivity analysis and F‐statistics.ResultsFrom a genetic standpoint, higher circulating vitamin A (retinol) levels were found to be a protective factor for PCOS and closely associated with the risk of PCOS, consistent with recent research findings. The inverse variance‐weighted (IVW) estimation indicated a protective effect of vitamin A (retinol) on PCOS (IVWOR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.95–0.99, P = 0.002, FDR_P = 0.03). However, no causal relationship was found between other nutrients and PCOS. In addition, MR‐PRESSO and MR‐Egger regression showed that our results were not affected by horizontal pleiotropy (P > 0.05). Finally, leave‐one‐out sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of MR Results.ConclusionOur findings suggest that circulating vitamin A (retinol) levels influence the risk of PCOS, but further research is needed.