bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiple biomarkers and arrhythmia outcome following catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: The Guangzhou Atrial Fibrillation Project
Authors: Deng Hai , Shantsila Alena , Guo Pi , Zhan Xianzhang , Fang Xianhong , Liao Hongtao , Liu Yang , Wei Wei , Fu Lu , Wu Shulin , Xue Yumei , Lip Gregory Y.H. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundBiomarkers have been related to the arrhythmia recurrence following catheter ablation (CA) of atrial fibrillation (AF). We hypothesized that concurrent measurement of several biomarkers would additively improve their predictive value.MethodsOne thousand four hundred and ten consecutive AF patients (68% male; 57.2 ± 11.6 years) undergoing CA were enrolled. Baseline characteristics, serum B type brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and high sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), ablation parameters, arrhythmia data at discharge, 1, 3, 6, and then every 6 months post CA were collected. Follow‐up ended when arrhythmia recurred or until 31st December 2016.ResultsThree hundred and sixty‐five (25.9%) patients had arrhythmia recurrence post‐CA during a mean follow‐up of 20.7 ± 8.8 months. BNP, hsCRP, and eGFR levels and their cut‐off values of 237.45 pg/mL, 1.6 mg/dL, and 82.5 mL/min/1.73 m2 were good predictors for AF recurrence (all P < 0.01). On multivariate analysis, increasing BNP and hsCRP, decreasing eGFR, gender, and early recurrence (ER) were independent predictors of AF recurrence (all P < 0.01). Compared to BNP alone, BNP plus eGFR or both eGFR and CRP showed incrementally better predictive values (ROC comparisons, all P < 0.01). Similar findings were evident in the subgroups of patients with paroxysmal or nonparoxysmal AF.ConclusionMeasurement of BNP, CRP, and eGFR were incrementally additive to clinical risk factors in a cumulative manner to improve prediction of arrhythmia recurrence post‐CA of AF. The implications of poor arrhythmia outcome in AF patients with multiple abnormal biomarkers pre‐CA procedure may help with patient selection and inform the likelihood of success or the need of more complicated CA procedure(s).
Cover Image, Volume 98, Issue 13
Authors: Deng Lei , Shi Ai‐Min , Wang Qiang 
Published: August 2018

The cover image, by Lei Deng et al., is based on the Research Article Sedative–hypnotic and anxiolytic effects and the mechanism of action of aqueous extracts of peanut stems and leaves in mice, DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9020.
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Characterization and discrimination of steroidal saponins in Tribulus terrestris L. and its three different aerial parts by chemical profiling with chemometrics analysis
Authors: Qi Peng , Zheng Yuanyuan , Shen Yao , Wang Jianwei , Bi Qirui , Feng Ruihong , Yang Min , Hou Jinjun , Wu Wanying , Sun Shenguo 
Published: August 2018

AbstractTribulus terrestris L. is a well‐known medicinal plant from subtropical areas. In China Pharmacopoeia, only the fruit of T. terrestris is recorded to be the medicinal part. But some pharmaceutical preparations and food supplements made of total saponins of aerial part of T. terrestris including fruits, stems, and leaves are commercially available. However, steroidal saponins in different parts have not been studied extensively. So differentiating three parts and ensuring reasonable application of T. terrestris has been an important issue. Herein, we developed an integrated platform based on components profiling and chemometrics analysis to comparatively characterize and investigate steroidal saponins in three parts. As a result, a total of 84 steroidal saponins were characterized or tentatively identified, including 20 compounds reported for the first time. A clear separation of the three parts was achieved by partial least squares discriminant analysis based on the identified saponins, and 17 saponins were screened as biomarkers. Support vector machines model established based on 17 markers showed excellent predication accuracy of 100%. Finally, different distribution of steroidal saponins in three parts was shown obviously by heatmap visualization. These results provide promising perspectives for quality control of Chinese medicine, especially those with different medical parts.
Prevalent sediment source shift after revegetation in the Loess Plateau of China: Implications from sediment fingerprinting in a small catchment
Authors: Wang Wendi , Fang Nufang , Shi Zhihua , Lu Xixi 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAs an important soil and water conversation endeavor, the ‘Grain for Green’ project launched by the Chinese Central Government almost doubled the vegetation cover on the Loess Plateau between 1999 and 2013. The corresponding vegetation restoration considerably diminished slope erosion throughout the Loess Plateau, although erosion in gullies remains poorly understood. In this paper, a composite fingerprinting approach was employed to assess the relative importance of the erosion of gully and slope soils within a typical dam‐controlled catchment of the Loess Plateau. A total of 23 couplets were identified based on the deposited layer thicknesses and extreme rainfall event records along the sediment profile. The results suggest that gullies contributed 71% to the overall sediment proportion, and those sediments had an increased tendency to accumulate during 2010–2016 under the ‘Grain for Green’ project. The sediment inputs from slope areas were predicted to be 29%. The eroded gullies materials mainly consisted of silt‐sized particles, which dominated the eroded sediment. Silt particles with sizes of 0.02–0.05 mm constituted the main particles in both deposit sediments and gully materials, whereas the slope areas mainly contained particle sizes of <0.01 mm. The check dam proved to be effective at trapping coarse silt with 27–42% of the total sediment content. This study presents reliable information on the importance of gullies as sediment source materials and verifies the applicability of tracing procedures for collecting information on sediment effluxes from both slopes and gullies.
Microbial effects of livestock manure fertilization on freshwater aquaculture ponds rearing tilapia (Oreochromis shiranus) and North African catfish (Clarias gariepinus)
Authors: Minich Jeremiah J. , Zhu Qiyun , Xu Zhenjiang Zech , Amir Amnon , Ngochera Maxon , Simwaka Moses , Allen Eric E. , Zidana Hastings , Knight Rob 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe majority of seafood is farmed, with most finfish coming from freshwater ponds. Ponds are often fertilized to promote microbial productivity as a natural feed source to fish. To understand if pond fertilization with livestock manure induces a probiotic or prebiotic effect, we communally reared tilapia (Oreochromis shiranus), and North African catfish (Clarias gariepinus), for 4 weeks under seven manure treatments including layer chicken, broiler chicken, guinea fowl, quail, pig, cow, vs. commercial feed to evaluate microbial community dynamics of the manure, pond water, and fish feces using 16S and 18S rRNA marker genes along with metagenome sequencing. Catfish growth, but not tilapia, was positively associated with plankton abundance (p = 0.0006, R2 = 0.4887) and greatest in ponds fertilized with quail manure (ANOVA, p < 0.05). Manure was unique and influenced the 16S microbiome in pond water, tilapia gut, and catfish gut and 18S community in pond water and catfish guts (PERMANOVA, p = 0.001). On average, 18.5%, 18.6%, and 45.3% of manure bacteria sOTUs, (sub‐operational taxonomic units), were present in the water column, catfish feces, and tilapia feces which comprised 3.7%, 12.8%, and 10.9% of the total microbial richness of the communities, respectively. Antibiotic resistance genes were highest in the manure and water samples followed by tilapia feces and lowest in catfish feces (p < 0.0001). In this study, we demonstrate how the bacterial and eukaryotic microbial composition of fish ponds are influenced by specific livestock manure inputs and that the gut microbiome of tilapia is more sensitive and responsive than catfish to these changes. We conclude that animal manure used as fertilizer induces a primarily prebiotic effect on the pond ecosystem rather than a direct probiotic effect on fish.
Prevention of Breast Cancer by Natural Phytochemicals: Focusing on Molecular Targets and Combinational Strategy
Authors: Chiou Yi‐Shiou , Li Shiming , Ho Chi‐Tang , Pan Min‐Hsiung 
Published: August 2018

AbstractStarting from the 21st century, breast cancer can be classified as the most common invasive malignancy in women. Among the preventive or therapeutic strategies of breast cancer, combination therapy is the most promising approach. This mode of treatment of breast cancer concurrently maximizes efficacy, overcomes multidrug resistance, and minimizes harmful side effects caused by radiotherapy and chemotherapy alone. The risk of cancer can be reduced by supplementing diets with naturally occurring products known as phytochemicals. These phytochemicals have well‐defined roles in the management of every stage of breast carcinogenesis. In this review, the collective data of dietary phytochemicals used to sensitize breast cancer cells to therapeutic approaches are reported and their specific molecular targets through synergistic, additive, and potentiation effects are highlighted. The concept of combining natural agents with medicines to augment therapeutic responses creates an optimal modality, which may facilitate clinical applications of combination regimens in the future.
Evaluation of 2D and 3D ultrasound tracking algorithms and impact on ultrasound‐guided liver radiotherapy margins
Authors: De Luca Valeria , Banerjee Jyotirmoy , Hallack Andre , Kondo Satoshi , Makhinya Maxim , Nouri Daniel , Royer Lucas , Cifor Amalia , Dardenne Guillaume , Goksel Orcun , Gooding Mark J. , Klink Camiel , Krupa Alexandre , Le Bras Anthony , Marchal Maud , Moelker Adriaan , Niessen Wiro J. , Papiez Bartlomiej W. , Rothberg Alex , Schnabel Julia , van Walsum Theo , Harris Emma , Lediju Bell Muyinatu A. , Tanner Christine 
Published: August 2018

PurposeCompensation for respiratory motion is important during abdominal cancer treatments. In this work we report the results of the 2015 MICCAI Challenge on Liver Ultrasound Tracking and extend the 2D results to relate them to clinical relevance in form of reducing treatment margins and hence sparing healthy tissues, while maintaining full duty cycle.MethodsWe describe methodologies for estimating and temporally predicting respiratory liver motion from continuous ultrasound imaging, used during ultrasound‐guided radiation therapy. Furthermore, we investigated the trade‐off between tracking accuracy and runtime in combination with temporal prediction strategies and their impact on treatment margins.ResultsBased on 2D ultrasound sequences from 39 volunteers, a mean tracking accuracy of 0.9 mm was achieved when combining the results from the 4 challenge submissions (1.2 to 3.3 mm). The two submissions for the 3D sequences from 14 volunteers provided mean accuracies of 1.7 and 1.8 mm. In combination with temporal prediction, using the faster (41 vs 228 ms) but less accurate (1.4 vs 0.9 mm) tracking method resulted in substantially reduced treatment margins (70% vs 39%) in contrast to mid‐ventilation margins, as it avoided non‐linear temporal prediction by keeping the treatment system latency low (150 vs 400 ms). Acceleration of the best tracking method would improve the margin reduction to 75%.ConclusionsLiver motion estimation and prediction during free‐breathing from 2D ultrasound images can substantially reduce the in‐plane motion uncertainty and hence treatment margins. Employing an accurate tracking method while avoiding non‐linear temporal prediction would be favorable. This approach has the potential to shorten treatment time compared to breath‐hold and gated approaches, and increase treatment efficiency and safety.
The Multiple Sclerosis Intimacy and Sexuality Questionnaire (MSISQ‐15): Validation of the Dutch version in patients with multiple sclerosis and spinal cord injury
Authors: Noordhoff Toscane C. , Scheepe Jeroen R. , 't Hoen Lisette A. , Sluis Tebbe A. R. , Blok Bertil F. M. 
Published: August 2018

AimsThe Multiple Sclerosis Intimacy and Sexuality Questionnaire (MSISQ‐15) evaluates symptoms of sexual dysfunction in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The objective of this study was to provide and validate a Dutch version of the MSISQ‐15 in patients with neurological disease such as MS and spinal cord injury (SCI).MethodsThe linguistic validation process of the original English MSISQ‐15 into Dutch was performed according to standardized guidelines. Sexually active patients with MS or spinal cord disorders, including SCI and cauda equine syndrome, who visited a tertiary urology center or a rehabilitation center completed the MSISQ‐15, Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire (PISQ‐12) in women, or International Index of Erection Function (IIEF‐15) in men at baseline (test) and 2 weeks later (retest). A reference group recruited from a general medical practice completed the questionnaires once. Data were analyzed for measurement properties.ResultsFifty‐three patients with MS, 49 patients with spinal cord disorder, and 50 references were included. Content validity was adequate. Internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha >0.8) and reproducibility (intraclass correlation coefficient >0.8) of the MSISQ‐15 were excellent. Patients’ MSISQ‐15 scores were correlated with severity of symptoms of sexual dysfunction measured by PISQ‐12 or IIEF‐15 and confirmed positive rating for criterion validity. MSISQ‐15 scores in patients were higher than in references (on a scale of 15‐75: 38.9 ± 11.4 vs 21.1 ± 5.4; P < 0.001), indicating good construct validity.ConclusionsThe Dutch MSISQ‐15 is a reliable and valid measure to evaluate symptoms of sexual dysfunction in patients with MS or with SCI.
Patient‐reported symptoms improve prediction of acute coronary syndrome in the emergency department
Authors: Zègre‐Hemsey Jessica K. , Burke Larisa A. , DeVon Holli A. 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTEarly diagnosis is critical in the management of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), particularly ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), because effective therapies are time‐dependent. Aims of this secondary analysis were to determine: (i) the prognostic value of symptoms for an ACS diagnosis in conjunction with electrocardiographic (ECG) and troponin results; and (ii) if any of 13 symptoms were associated with prehospital delay in those presenting to the emergency department (ED) with potential ACS. Patients receiving a cardiac evaluation in the ED were eligible for the study. Thirteen patient‐reported symptoms were assessed in triage. Prehospital delay time was calculated as the time from symptom onset until registration in the ED. A total of 1,064 patients were enrolled in five EDs. The sample was 62% male, 70% white, and had a mean age of 60.2 years. Of 474 participants diagnosed with ACS, 118 (25%) had STEMI; 251 (53%) had non‐ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI); and 105 (22%) had unstable angina. Sweating (OR = 1.42 CI [1.01, 2.00]) and shoulder pain (OR = 1.64 CI [1.13, 2.38]) added to the predictive value of an ACS diagnosis when combined with ECG and troponin results. Shortness of breath (OR = 0.71 CI [0.50, 1.00]) and unusual fatigue (OR = 0.60 CI [0.42, 0.84]) were predictive of a non‐ACS diagnosis. Sweating predicted shorter prehospital delay (HR = 1.35, CI [1.10, 1.67]); shortness of breath (HR = 0.73 CI [0.60, 0.89]) and unusual fatigue (HR = 0.72, CI [0.57, 0.90]) were associated with longer prehospital delay. Patient‐reported symptoms are significantly associated with ACS diagnoses and prehospital delay. Sweating and shoulder pain combined with ECG signs of ischemia may improve the timely detection of ACS in the ED.
Dietary inflammatory index and cardiovascular risk factors in Spanish children and adolescents
Authors: Correa‐Rodríguez María , González‐Jiménez Emilio , Rueda‐Medina Blanca , Tovar‐Gálvez María I. , Ramírez‐Vélez Robinson , Correa‐Bautista Jorge E. , Schmidt‐RioValle Jacqueline 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTDietary inflammatory potential is an established risk factor for adverse cardiovascular events. In this study we analyzed the relation between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and cardiovascular risk factors, based on anthropometric, body composition, blood pressure, and heart rate parameters in children and adolescents. We conducted a cross‐sectional study of 428 Spanish schoolchildren (mean age 12.32 ± 1.84), whose DII was calculated, based on a 24‐hr diet recall over 3 days. Anthropometric measurements were taken, and body composition analyzed by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Blood pressure and heart rate parameters were assessed with an automatic monitor. Pubertal stage was assessed based on Tanner criteria. We analyzed the DII both as a continuous variable and as a category variable based on quartiles. Linear regression analysis revealed that the DII was significantly associated with waist to height ratio (WHtR) (p = .026; B = 0.128, 95% CI [.001–.016]) after adjusting for age, sex, total energy intake, and Tanner stage. All macro‐ and micronutrient intakes were found to be higher in the DII Q1 (anti‐inflammatory diet) except for caffeine. This study provides preliminary evidence of a significant association between the DII and WHtR, an index of cardiovascular risk. The results obtained indicate that the inflammatory potential of the diet may play a role in children and adolescents becoming overweight or developing obesity. Future studies in young people should be conducted to validate and further explore these relationships.
Three types of metaplasia model through Kras activation, Pten deletion, or Cdh1 deletion in the gastric epithelium
Authors: Kinoshita Hiroto , Hayakawa Yoku , Konishi Mitsuru , Hata Masahiro , Tsuboi Mayo , Hayata Yuki , Hikiba Yohko , Ihara Sozaburo , Nakagawa Hayato , Ikenoue Tsuneo , Ushiku Tetsuo , Fukayama Masashi , Hirata Yoshihiro , Koike Kazuhiko 
Published: August 2018

AbstractChronic inflammation and intestinal metaplasia are strongly associated with gastric carcinogenesis. Kras activation and Pten deletion are observed in intestinal‐type gastric cancer, and Cdh1 mutation is associated with diffuse‐type gastric cancer. Although various mouse models of gastric carcinogenesis have been reported, few mouse lines enable gene manipulation selectively in the stomach. Here we established a Tff1‐Cre bacterial artificial chromosome transgenic mouse line in an attempt to induce gene modification specifically in the gastric pit lineage. In the stomach, Tff1‐Cre‐mediated recombination was most evident in the pit lineage in the corpus and in entire antral glands; recombination was also observed in a few gastric chief and parietal cells. Outside the stomach, recombination was patchy throughout the intestines, and particularly frequently in the duodenum (Brunner glands), cecum, and proximal colon. In the stomachs of Tff1‐Cre;LSL‐KrasG12D mice, proliferating cell clusters expanded throughout the corpus glands, with foveolar cell expansion with ectopic Alcian blue‐positive mucins, oxyntic atrophy, and pseudopyloric changes with spasmolytic polypeptide‐expressing metaplasia; however, gastric cancer was not observed even at 12 months of age. Corpus‐derived organoids from Tff1‐Cre;LSL‐KrasG12D mice exhibited accelerated growth and abnormal differentiation with a loss of chief and parietal cell markers. Tff1‐Cre;Ptenflox/flox mice displayed similar changes to those seen in Tff1‐Cre;LSL‐KrasG12D mice, both with aberrant ERK activation within 3 months. In contrast, Tff1‐Cre;Cdh1flox/flox mice initially showed signet ring‐like cells that were rapidly lost with disruption of the mucosal surface, and later developed gastric epithelial shedding with hyperproliferation and loss of normal gastric lineages. Eventually, the glandular epithelium in Tff1‐Cre;Cdh1flox/flox mice was completely replaced by squamous epithelium which expanded from the forestomach. Tff1‐Cre mice offer an additional useful tool for studying gastric carcinogenesis both in vivo and in vitro. Copyright © 2018 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A triple‐probe FISH screening strategy for risk‐stratified therapy of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in low‐resource settings
Authors: Parihar Mayur , Singh Manish K. , Islam Rubina , Saha Debparna , Mishra Deepak Kumar , Saha Vaskar , Krishnan Shekhar 
Published: August 2018

AbstractKaryotyping along with a 3‐probe fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) strategy was used to risk stratify therapy in 303 children with B‐cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Of the 166 patients risk stratified, karyotype identified 91 (55%). FISH identified all karyotypes accurately, with the exception of hypodiploidy, and risk stratified an additional 75 patients. The frequency of ETV6‐RUNX1 is lower and high hyperdiploidy, higher than reported in the west. An adapted 3‐probe FISH strategy identified two patients with ETV6‐ABL1 fusion who received imatinib. In limited‐resource settings, a 3‐probe FISH approach provides a practical approach for risk‐stratified therapy in childhood ALL.
Climate, human influence and the distribution limits of the invasive European earwig, Forficula auricularia, in Australia
Authors: Hill Matthew P , Binns Matthew , Umina Paul A , Hoffmann Ary A , Macfadyen Sarina 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDBy modelling species–environment relationships of pest species, it is possible to understand potential limits to their distributions when they invade new regions, and their likely continued spread. The European earwig, Forficula auricularia, is a non‐native invasive species in Australia that has been in the country for over 170 years. However, in the last few decades it has invaded new areas. Unlike in other countries, F. auricularia is a pest species of grain production in Australia. In this study we detail the Australian distribution of this species, adding new samples focused around grain‐growing regions. Using this information, we build global species distribution models for F. auricularia to better understand species–environment relationships.RESULTSOur models indicate that the distribution of F. auricularia is strongly associated with temperate through to semi‐arid environments, a high winter rainfall and pronounced temperature seasonality. We identified regions that hold suitable, but as yet vacant, niche space for Australian populations, suggesting further potential for range expansion. Beyond climate, an index describing human influence on the landscape was important to understand the distribution limits of this pest. We identified regions where there was suitable climate space, but which F. auricularia has not occupied, probably due to low levels of human impact.CONCLUSIONModelling the global distribution of a non‐native pest species aided understanding of the regional distribution limits within Australia and highlighted the usefulness of human impact measures for modelling globally invasive insect species. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry