bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal assessment of disparities in pancreatic cancer care: A retrospective analysis of the National Cancer Database
Authors: Grewal Mahip , Kroon Victor J. , Kaslow Sarah R. , Sorrentino Anthony M. , Winner Megan D. , Allendorf John D. , Shah Paresh C. , Simeone Diane M. , Welling Theodore H. , Berman Russell S. , Cohen Steven M. , Wolfgang Christopher L. , Sacks Greg D. , Javed Ammar A. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe existence of sociodemographic disparities in pancreatic cancer has been well‐studied but how these disparities have changed over time is unclear. The purpose of this study was to longitudinally assess patient management in the context of sociodemographic factors to identify persisting disparities in pancreatic cancer care.MethodsUsing the National Cancer Database, patients diagnosed with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma from 2010 to 2017 were identified. The primary outcomes were surgical resection and/or receipt of chemotherapy. Outcome measures included changes in associations between sociodemographic factors (i.e., sex, age, race, comorbidity index, SES, and insurance type) and treatment‐related factors (i.e., clinical stage at diagnosis, surgical resection, and receipt of chemotherapy). For each year, associations were assessed via univariate and multivariate analyses.ResultsOf 75,801 studied patients, the majority were female (51%), White (83%), and had government insurance (65%). Older age (range of OR 2010–2017 [range‐OR]:0.19–0.29), Black race (range‐OR: 0.61–0.78), lower SES (range‐OR: 0.52–0.94), and uninsured status (range‐OR: 0.46–0.71) were associated with lower odds of surgical resection (all p < 0.005), with minimal fluctuations over the study period. Older age (range‐OR: 0.11–0.84), lower SES (range‐OR: 0.41–0.63), and uninsured status (range‐OR: 0.38–0.61) were associated with largely stable lower odds of receiving chemotherapy (all p < 0.005).ConclusionsThroughout the study period, age, SES, and insurance type were associated with stable lower odds for both surgery and chemotherapy. Black patients exhibited stable lower odds of resection underscoring the continued importance of mitigating racial disparities in surgery. Investigation of mechanisms driving sociodemographic disparities are needed to promote equitable care.
Core Features of Informal Credit Markets in South Africa
Authors: Yimer Gebreyesus 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Informal credit markets are prevalent in South Africa. Loans from relatives and friends, loans from traditional institutions (known as stokvels) and loans from private moneylenders (known as mashonisas) are considered important sources of credit. These informal institutions are also important sources of social capital and social security. There are both registered and unregistered small-scale loan providers. In this chapter, we discuss the unregistered moneylenders based on secondary data. Some researchers classify registered small-scale loan providers as informal lenders (Chisasa, Corporate Ownership & Control, 12(1), 363–375. 2014). However, in this research, they are discussed independently because, legally, registered moneylenders are official creditors regulated and supervised by authorities. Unregistered moneylenders, on the other hand, fall out of the legal network. This chapter aims to present current practices, show how the informal credit markets function in South Africa, and identify the main futures of their transactions based on a comprehensive literature review.
Polynomial Families of Quantum Semisimple Coajoint Orbits via Deformed Quantum Enveloping Algebras
Authors: Hoshino Mao 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We construct a polynomial family of semisimple left module categories over the representation category of the Drinfeld-Jimbo deformation, with the fusion rule of the representation category of each Levi subalgebra. In this construction we perform a kind of generalized parabolic induction using a deformed quantum enveloping algebra, whose definition depends on an arbitrary choice of a positive system and corresponds to De Commer’s definition for the standard positive system. These algebras define a sheaf of algebras on the toric variety associated to the root system, which contains the moduli of equivariant Poisson brackets. This fact finally produces the family of 2-cocycle. We also obtain a comparison theorem between our module categories and module categories induced from our construction for intermediate Levi subalgebras. The construction of deformed quantum enveloping algebras and the comparison theorem are discussed in the integral setting of Lusztig’s sense.
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression of Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells and Adipocytes Initiated from Fat Aspirations
Authors: Teufelsbauer Maryana , Stickler Sandra , Hammond Dennis C. , Hamilton Gerhard 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Fat grafting is frequently employed in aesthetic and reconstructive plastic surgery with a low complication rate. However, fat necrosis may occur in dependence of the mode of fat aspiration, processing of the tissue and graft size. Graft survival is critically dependent on the contained adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs), adipocyte precursors and their potential for vascular supply. This work investigated the potential role of the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) and various cytokines by ADSCs and differentiated adipocytes as key factors of fat grafting.

Methods
Adipokine expression of ADSCs and differentiated adipocytes were assessed using Proteome Profiler Arrays that detect 58 relevant proteins.

Results
Collected fat grafts could be categorized according to their adipokine expression into VEGFhigh and VEGFlow ADSCs groups, the former exhibiting higher content of VEGF-related angiopoietin-like 2, nidogen-1/entactin, CCL2/MCP-1 and elevated expression of IGFBPs in association with a fourfold higher VEGF expression. Differentiation of ADSCs into adipocytes increased VEGF concentrations in VEGFlow ADSCs but not in ADSCs exhibiting initial high VEGF concentrations. The adipocytes revealed high expression of HGF, leptin, CCL2/MCP-1, nidogen-1/entactin, M-CSF but lower induction of angiopoietin-like 2.

Conclusion
Half of the ADSCs from fat grafts express high concentrations of VEGF and other adipokines that support angiogenesis and survival of this tissues following transfer. Differentiation of ADSClow cells to adipocytes may make up for the initially low VEGF expression, but this activation is 7-10 days delayed compared to the VEGFhigh ADSC cells and may fail to support angiogenesis from the beginning.

No Level Assigned
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each submission to which Evidence-Based Medicine rankings are applicable. This excludes Review Articles, Book Reviews, and manuscripts that concern Basic Science, Animal Studies, Cadaver Studies, and Experimental Studies. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
Impacts of Solar Energy Development On Breeding Birds in Desert Grasslands In South Central New Mexico
Authors: Young Aaron C. , Meliopoulos DeeAnne , Desmond Martha J. , Daniel David , Abadi Fitsum 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSolar energy is growing at unprecedented rates, with the most development projected to occur in areas with high concentrations of threatened and endangered species, yet its effects on wildlife remain largely unexplored. In 2014 and 2015 we examined the influence of a solar facility on avian community occupancy in the Nutt grasslands of south-central New Mexico. We examined the effect of distance to solar facility as well as other habitat covariates, including vegetation structure and orthopteran abundance, on community occupancy and occupancy trends for individual species. We did not find a significant effect of distance to solar facility on occupancy probability for the songbird community. Instead, orthopteran abundance had a significant positive effect on occupancy probability for the community. Two synanthropic species, Eurasian-collared dove (Streptopelia decaocto), and house finch (Haemorhous mexicanus), were found almost exclusively within the solar facility and both species increased between years, suggesting that developments in natural habitats may facilitate populations of synanthropic species. These results demonstrate the variability in responses of different species to a solar facility and the interacting influence of habitat characteristics and disturbance associated with development.
Erfolgreiche Kurzzeitvorhersage der ersten Wolke-Erde-Blitze während Gewitterereignissen
Authors: Schatz Sebastian , Schwalt Lukas , Maier Julia , Pack Stephan , Kohlmann Hannes , Pichler Hannes 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungBlitzentladungen in Form von Wolke-Erde- bzw. Cloud-to-Ground (CG)-Blitzen stellen Herausforderungen für Flughäfen, ihre Infrastruktur und ihr Personal dar. Auch Übertragungsnetze sind als kritische Infrastruktur beispielsweise von Gewitter- und Blitzaktivität betroffen, welche die Systemführung beeinflussen. Bestehende Wettervorhersagemodelle sind zwar in der Lage, Gewitter mit einer gewissen zeitlichen und örtlichen Genauigkeit vorherzusagen, aber kurzfristige Vorhersagen über das Auftreten der ersten Blitzentladung in einem bestimmten Gebiet sind nicht akkurat möglich. Insbesondere der Trend in Richtung Remote-Flugverkehr und das Fehlen von Meteorolog:innen vor Ort machen Entscheidungen noch schwieriger. Durch die Kombination von Daten eines elektrischen Feldmeter-Netzwerks, welches in der Umgebung des Flughafens Graz installiert wurde, Daten des österreichischen Blitzortungssystems ALDIS und Wetterradardaten der ACG werden diese Herausforderungen aufgegriffen und erfolgreich bearbeitet. Aus diesen Daten wurden Parameter entwickelt, um den ersten CG-Blitz im beobachteten Gebiet vorherzusagen. Der analysierte Datensatz umfasst 25 Gewitter aus den konvektiven Gewittersaisons 2022 und 2023, welche zu CG-Blitzen in einem Radius von 5 km um den Flughafen Graz führten. Aus den abgeleiteten Parametern lassen sich Alert- und Shutdown-Vorwarnzeiten für das Auftreten von CG-Blitzen am Flughafen im beobachteten Gebiet erfolgreich vorhersagen. Es wurde eine Shutdown-Vorwarnzeit des ersten CG-Blitzes im 5‑km-Radius von 18,4 Minuten im Median berechnet. Dies führt zu einer erfolgreichen Kurzzeitvorhersage, um die Entscheidungen der Meteorolog:innen zu unterstützen und die persönliche Sicherheit des Personals zu verbessern.
Einwegpfand in Österreich: Gestaltung und Herausforderungen im internationalen Vergleich
Authors: Beigl Peter , Allesch Astrid 
Published: December 2024

Zusammenfassung
Vor dem Hintergrund des unachtsamen Wegwerfens bzw. Litterings sowie ineffizienten Sammelns und Recyclings von Kunststoffen wurde im Jahr 2019 die Richtlinie der Europäischen Kommission zur Verringerung der Auswirkungen bestimmter Einweg-Kunststoffprodukte auf die Umwelt, die sogenannte Single-Use-Plastic-Richtlinie erlassen, die für Einweg-Getränkeflaschen aus Kunststoff eine getrennte Sammelquote von 77 % ab 2025 und von 90 % ab 2029 vorschreibt. Im Oktober 2021 wurde von einer breiten Mehrheit von Lebensmitteleinzelhändlern, Getränkeabfüllern und weiteren Interessensgruppen eine Gesamtlösung für Mehrweg- und Einwegpfand gefordert. Darauf aufbauend wurde der Entwurf der Einwegpfandverordnung unter Einbindung zahlreicher Akteur:innen der österreichischen Abfallwirtschaft unter Leitung des Klimaschutzministeriums erarbeitet. Die zu beantwortende Kernfrage, wie ein „optimales“ Einwegpfandsystem für Österreich angestrebt werden kann, bildet den Rahmen für diesen Beitrag. Zu relevanten Gestaltungselementen wird jeweils kurz dargestellt, welche Optionen in langjährig etablierten, europäischen Einwegpfandsystemen umgesetzt wurden, was daraus gelernt werden konnte und wie diese Erfahrungen in das österreichische Einwegpfandsystem eingeflossen sind. Darüber hinaus wird auch erläutert, welche neuen Wege in den Bereichen der für Konsument:innen sichtbaren Eckpunkte, dem Management der Materialflüsse sowie Verwaltung und Finanzierung des Einwegpfandsystems eingeschlagen werden.
Microbial spectrum and resistance of odontogenic abscesses - microbiological analysis using next generation sequencing
Authors: Thol Felix , Warwas Felix Benjamin , Spuck Nikolai , Kramer Franz-Josef , Heim Nils 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to map the microbiome of odontogenic abscesses using next-generation sequencing (NGS) to identify bacterial and fungal species, as well as antibiotic resistances.

Materials and methods
Wound swabs were taken from patients treated for odontogenic abscesses at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Bonn. NGS was used to analyze the swabs, and bioinformatic analysis assigned the genetic material to microorganism profiles and identified antibiotic resistances.

Results
Bacteria were detected in all samples from 51 patients. Anaerobes were found in 50 swabs, while aerobic bacteria were detected in 30. Four of the five most common bacterial genera were anaerobes (Fusobacterium, Prevotella, Parvimonas, Porphyromonas). A median of eight genera were identified per swab. Infections were mostly polymicrobial; only one case was a monoinfection with Streptococcus. Aerobic bacteria were less frequent in patients who had prior antibiotic therapy (p = 0.015). Fungi were present in 52.9% of cases, with Malassezia (33.3%), Aspergillus (9.8%), and Candida (3.9%) being the most common. Antibiotic resistance was detected in 66.7% of patients, mainly against lincosamides, macrolides and tetracyclines. Fusobacterium showed a 25.9% resistance rate to clindamycin.

Conclusions
The microbiome of odontogenic abscesses is polymicrobial, dominated by anaerobic bacteria, and more extensive than indicated by traditional cultural diagnostics. NGS provides detailed pathogen diagnostics, aiding in precise and individualized antibiotic therapy.

Clinical relevance
Improved understanding of the bacterial and fungal spectrum, along with current resistance patterns of odontogenic abscesses, is crucial for optimizing treatment outcomes. NGS offers rapid, accurate and detailed microbiome analysis, enhancing patient-specific therapeutic strategies.
System Dynamics Modeling and Analysis of New Mexico Oil Production and Taxation
Authors: Langarudi Saeed P. , Noor Sajid 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe develop and use a system dynamics model of New Mexico Oil Production and Taxation (NMOPT) to explore the potential impact of exogenous and endogenous oil taxation on the level and stability of state revenue. Endogenous policies determine taxes based on internal dynamics (e.g., production value), whereas exogenous policies are independent of internal dynamics. We examine two exogenous and two endogenous (progressive and regressive) policies. Progressive taxation increases tax rates as production or price increases. Regressive taxation decreases tax rate as production or price increases. Our historical analysis indicates that New Mexico follows non-progressive (exogenous or regressive) taxation. However, our model’s Monte Carlo simulations reveal that transitioning to an exogenous fixed-rate taxation can substantially enhance the level and stability of the state’s revenues. The state can increase its revenue even further by adopting progressive taxation, which could also be considered an environmental policy, as it limits oil production. However, progressive taxation’s benefits come at the expense of higher revenue volatility. This paper also has two computational contributions: (1) a new intergenerational decline curve formulation to capture oil wells’ long-term productivity and (2) a detrended coefficient of variation to measure time series volatility in dynamic simulations reliably.
Pharmacist-led new medicine service: a real-world cohort study in the Netherlands on drug-related problems, satisfaction, and self-efficacy in cardiovascular patients transitioning to primary care
Authors: Ensing Hendrik T. , Kurt Nelly , Janssen Ruby A. , Koster Ellen S. , Heerdink Eibert R. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Patients transitioning from hospital to home while starting long-term cardiovascular medicines are likely to experience drug-related problems (DRPs). The New Medicine Service (NMS) may support readmission to primary care.

Aim
To evaluate NMS in a real world setting, for patients transitioning from hospital to primary care with newly prescribed cardiovascular medicines on identifying DRPs, patient satisfaction with medication information and patient self-efficacy. Secondary objectives were identifying risk factors for DRPs and assessing first-fill discontinuation.

Method
A cohort study in an outpatient pharmacy and 14 community pharmacies in Almere, the Netherlands, involved patients ≥ 18 years receiving new cardiovascular prescriptions. Usual pharmacy care was complemented with a telephone counselling two weeks post-dispensing to identify and address DRPs. Patient satisfaction and self-efficacy were assessed during a follow-up call. First-fill discontinuation was measured using dispensing data, and logistic regression identified risk factors for DRPs.

Results
Of 1647 eligible patients, 743 received NMS; 72.5% experienced ≥ 1 DRP. NMS improved patients’ satisfaction with information and self-efficacy (p < 0.001). Outpatient visits (adj. OR 0.64), cardiovascular medicine use (adj. OR 0.65), and use of chronic medicines (adj. OR 1.71) influenced DRPs. First-fill discontinuation remained unchanged post-NMS, but patients with DRPs discontinued more often (14.8% vs. 8.6%, p = 0.030).

Conclusion
Implementing the NMS in a real-world transitional care setting allowed pharmacists to identify DRPs and provide counselling tailored to patient needs. Patients reported higher satisfaction with information and increased self-efficacy. Priority should be given to at-risk patients for DRPs, and deploy other pharmacy staff to perform the NMS.
Influence of Vanadium Oxide on the Viscosity Within the CaO–SiO2–“FeO”–MgO System
Authors: Åström Elin , Andersson Anton , Björkman Bo , Björkvall Johan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The effect of V2O3 on the viscosity of a calcium silicate melt-based system containing MgO and “FeO” was investigated and correlated with the melt composition using FactSage 8.2, SEM, and XRF. The viscosity was measured with incremental steps of 25 K from 1923 K to 1723 K in an argon atmosphere. The temperature-dependent viscosity was calculated for each slag composition using an Arrhenius-type equation. The results showed that the addition of 5.4 wt pct V2O3 decreased the viscosity of all measured slag systems. Viscosity is an important factor that influences the ability to create a foaming slag in the electric arc furnace (EAF). A synthetic slag with a composition close to an EAF slag was also measured with and without V2O3. Again, the addition of V2O3 decreased the viscosity but also decreased the saturation with magnesio-wüstite and decreased the temperature for formation of dicalcium silicate.
The Preventive Effect of Zinc Sulfate against Olanzapine-Induced Testicular Toxicity in Male Rats
Authors: Ebaid Hossam , Bashandy Samir A. E. , Hassan Iftekhar , Al-Tamimi Jameel , Haredy Shimaa Abdallah , Imbabi Tharwat , Omara Enayat A. , Bashandy Yousef S. , Awad Ezzat M. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMale infertility is a complex and multifactorial clinical condition affecting a large population attributed to several factors, including perturbation in oxidative stress and the level of essential trace elements. Oxidative stress exerts multiple issues related to reproductive health, including male infertility, decreased sperm motility, sperm DNA damage, and an increased susceptibility to genetic disorders. Besides chemical toxins and food allergens in junk food items, many drugs can also lead to male infertility. Olanzapine (OLZ), a general antipsychotic drug, has also been reported to induce male fertility. A great deal of literature entails that supplementation of zinc can alleviate oxidative stress–related clinical complications, including male infertility. This study investigates the potential protective effects of zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) on OLZ-induced male infertility. In the present study, there were four treatment groups (n = 6): group 1 as control (without any treatment); group 2 treated with OLZ (10 mg/kg) orally daily for 6 weeks; groups 3 and 4 treated with 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg of ZnSO4 respectively in pre-exposed OLZ (10 mg/kg) orally daily for 6 weeks. After completion of the treatment, the biochemical analysis of serum and tissue samples demonstrated that group 2 had compromised levels of antioxidant parameters (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and reduced glutathione (GSH)) as well as elevated levels of stress parameters (oxidized glutathione (GSSG), malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitric oxide (NO)) as compared to the control by a significant extent (p ≤ 0.05). However, supplementation of ZnSO4 significantly corrected all these parameters in a dose-dependent way in groups 3 and 4 (p ≤ 0.05). Other health indicators, like taurine, enzyme Q10, phosphatidylcholine, ascorbic acid, and vitamin E, were also observed to improve prominently with the supplementation of ZnSO4. Intriguingly, all the fertility parameters (sperm motility, count and level of testosterone) were also found to be significantly enhanced with decreased sperm abnormalities in both the combination groups. The histological evaluation of the testis section also agreed with the biochemical analysis in this investigation. Therefore, the study strongly advocates that supplementation of Zn can ameliorate OLZ-induced male infertility to a significant extent.
Graphical Abstract
Putative mechanism was involved in a preventive effect of ZnSO4 against OLZ-induced biochemical and histological perturbation in vivo. OLZ generates free radicals to induce oxidative stress-mediated toxicity in all target organs including testes evidenced by alteration in biochemical markers and histology. Zn ions from ZnSO4 act as an antioxidant agent blunting most of the OLZ-perturbed redox markers and histology consequently improving fertility parameters.
The role of alcohol consumption motives in the relationships between psychological distress, emotional dysregulation, and problematic alcohol consumption. A mediation model
Authors: Matei-Mitacu Laura-Maria , Huțul Tudor-Daniel , Karner-Huțuleac Adina , Huțul Andreea , Dobria Cornelia-Andreea 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The objectives of the current study were to investigate the potential mediating role of alcohol consumption motives in the relationships between psychological distress and problematic alcohol consumption, and emotional dysregulation and problematic alcohol consumption. This study included 292 participants from Romania, with 82.5% female, ranging in age from 19 to 62 years (M = 28.71; SD = 9.34). The participants completed instruments assessing psychological distress, emotional dysregulation, drinking motives, problematic alcohol consumption, and socio-demographic data. Our findings indicate that psychological distress and emotional dysregulation predict problematic alcohol consumption. Additionally, social, conformity, and coping motives mediated the relationships between psychological distress and problematic alcohol consumption, as well as between emotional dysregulation and problematic alcohol consumption. Meanwhile, the enhancement motive did not mediate the aforementioned relationships. This may be attributed to its association with seeking positive experiences rather than managing negative emotions, making it less relevant for individuals experiencing psychological distress in the Romanian cultural context, where alcohol is often used for social engagement or conformity rather than enhancement. Our study contributes to advancing the knowledge from the literature regarding how people engage in problematic alcohol consumption, while highlighting the importance of consumption motives. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.