bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sur une sidérose authigène dans une argilite kaolinique du crétacé du Sénégal
Authors: Tessier Fernand , Turco Guy 
Published: November 2018

De la sidérose authigène, formant soit de petits sphérolites assez nombreux, soit de rares agrégats de cristaux, soit enfin quelques cristaux isolés, est étudiée. Elle provient d'une argile kaolinique sableuse bariolée, d'âge antemaestrichtien, trouvée dans un sondage.
Les caractères morphologiques et physiques des cristallisations sont décrits. Les cristaux isolés étudiés au goniomètre révèlent les formes (0001) et (40[-4]1) déjà connues et une nouvelle forme (12[-3]1) ; l'ensemble réalise une allure octaédrique. Les techniques radiocristallographiques et l'analyse chimique montrent qu'il s'agit d'une sidérose assez pure, bien cristallisée. Certaines anomalies d'éclat et de dureté sont attribuées à une sorte de glaçure superficielle formée de quartz et de calcédoine.
La roche-hôte est d'origine clastique. Son évolution diagénétique a comporté deux phases bien contrastées : altération de type latéritique d'abord qui a amené notamment les concentrations ferriques, dans des conditions superficielles, acides, périphréatiques ; puis, très postérieurement, dans des conditions plus profondes, basiques, infraphréatiques, l'authigenèse de la sidérose décrite.
A new case of pragmatically deviant embedded disjunctions
Authors: Denić Milica 
Published: November 2018

In this paper, we discuss a novel observation that sentences such as ‘#Each of these three girls is Mary, Susan, or Jane’ are deviant. Its deviance is surprising: the sentence should convey that one of the three girls is Mary, another one of them is Susan, and yet another one is Jane; however, it cannot be naturally used to do so. We will propose that the deviance is caused by ignorance inferences which contradict common knowledge. If the proposal is on the right track, ignorance inferences need to be derived blindly to common knowledge, similarly to what has been proposed for scalar implicatures by Magri (2009).
The Variable Pulsar Wind Nebula of PSR J1809–1917
Authors: Klingler Noel , Kargaltsev Oleg , Pavlov George G. , Posselt Bettina 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
PSR J1809–1917 is a young (τ = 51 kyr) energetic (

erg s−1) radio pulsar powering a pulsar wind nebula (PWN). We report on the results of three Chandra X-ray Observatory observations that show that the PWN consists of a small (∼20″) bright compact nebula (CN) and faint extended emission seen up to 2′ from the pulsar. The CN is elongated in the northeast–southwest direction and exhibits morphological and flux variability on a timescale of a few months. We also find evidence of small arcsecond-scale jets extending from the pulsar along the same direction, and exhibiting a hard power-law (PL) spectrum with photon index Γjet = 1.2 ± 0.1. The more extended emission and CN share the same symmetry axis, which is also aligned with the direction toward the TeV γ-ray source HESS J1809–193, supporting their association. The spectrum of the extended nebula (EN) fits an absorbed PL with about the same slope as that of the CN, ΓCN ≈ ΓEN = 1.55 ± 0.09; no spectral changes across the EN’s 2 pc extent are seen. The total PWN 0.5–8 keV luminosity is L
PWN ≈ 9 × 1032 erg s−1, about half of which is due to the EN.
Collisional Growth of Icy Dust Aggregates in the Disk Formation Stage: Difficulties for Planetesimal Formation via Direct Collisional Growth outside the Snowline
Authors: Homma Kenji , Nakamoto Taishi 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Highly porous dust aggregates can break through the radial drift barrier, but previous studies assumed disks in their later stage, where the disks have a very small mass and low temperature. In contrast, dust coagulation should begin in the very early stage such as the disk formation stage because the growth timescale of dust is shorter than the disk formation timescale if there is no process to suppress the collisional growth of dust. We investigate the possibility of planetesimal formation via direct collisional growth in the very early stage of a protoplanetary disk. We show that, in the very early stage of protoplanetary disks, icy dust aggregates suffer radial drift and deplete without forming planetesimal-sized objects. This is because as the disk temperature easily increases by the viscous heating in the disk formation stage, the area where the dust can break through the radial drift barrier is restricted only to the inside the snowline. This suggests that in the disk formation stage, icy planetesimal formation via direct collisional growth of dust is difficult.
Measuring the Physical Conditions in High-redshift Star-forming Galaxies: Insights from KBSS-MOSFIRE
Authors: Strom Allison L. , Steidel Charles C. , Rudie Gwen C. , Trainor Ryan F. , Pettini Max 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
We use photoionization models that are designed to reconcile the joint rest-UV-optical spectra of high-z star-forming galaxies to self-consistently infer the gas chemistry and nebular ionization and excitation conditions for ∼150 galaxies from the Keck Baryonic Structure Survey (KBSS), using only observations of their rest-optical nebular spectra. We find that the majority of z ∼ 2–3 KBSS galaxies are moderately O-rich, with an interquartile range in 12 + log(O/H) = 8.29–8.56, and have significantly sub-solar Fe enrichment, with an interquartile range of [Fe/H] = [−0.79, −0.53], which contributes additional evidence in favor of super-solar O/Fe in high-z galaxies. The model-inferred ionization parameters and N/O are strongly correlated with common strong-line indices (such as O32 and N2O2), with the latter exhibiting similar behavior to local extragalactic H ii regions. In contrast, diagnostics commonly used for measuring gas-phase O/H (such as N2 and O3N2) show relatively large scatter with the overall amount of oxygen present in the gas and behave differently than observed at z ∼ 0. We provide a new calibration for using R23 to measure O/H in typical high-z galaxies, although it is most useful for relatively O-rich galaxies; combining O32 and R23 does not yield a more effective calibration. Finally, we consider the implications for the intrinsic correlations between physical conditions across the galaxy sample and find that N/O varies with O/H in high-z galaxies in a manner that is almost identical to local H ii regions. However, we do not find a strong anti-correlation between ionization parameter and metallicity (O/H or Fe/H) in high-z galaxies, which is one of the principal bases for using strong-line ratios to infer oxygen abundance.
Dependence of Coronal Loop Temperature on Loop Length and Magnetic Field Strength
Authors: Dahlburg R. B. , Einaudi G. , Ugarte-Urra I. , Rappazzo A. F. , Velli M. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The temperature characteristics of solar coronal loops over a wide range of lengths and magnetic field strengths are investigated by means of numerical simulations. A very high correlation between magnetic field strength (B
0) and maximum temperature (T
max) is found. Shorter loops rooted at stronger fields are those that reach higher maximum temperatures. High temperatures constitute a small part of the loop volume. For loops of equal length, those with stronger magnetic fields have broader emission measure distributions. The conditions underlying the variety of loops observed in the solar corona are discussed, an explanation of why both cold and hot loops exist is provided, and suggestions are given as to what observations need to be made to confirm the results. Data in the analysis are provided by numerical simulations using HYPERION, an explicit massively parallel Fourier collocation–finite-difference code. In the simulations footpoints are convected with a randomized large-scale flow. This produces a Poynting flux which leads to the buildup of magnetic energy in the loop. The magnetic energy is then transformed into thermal energy by a magnetic reconnection process occurring within current sheets formed locally by an energy cascade toward small scales.
Gamma-Ray Emission from Molecular Clouds Generated by Penetrating Cosmic Rays
Authors: Dogiel V. A. , Chernyshov D. O. , Ivlev A. V. , Malyshev D. , Strong A. W. , Cheng K. S. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
We analyze the processes governing cosmic-ray (CR) penetration into molecular clouds and the resulting generation of gamma-ray emission. The density of CRs inside a cloud is depleted at lower energies due to the self-excited MHD turbulence. The depletion depends on the effective gas column density (“size”) of the cloud. We consider two different environments where the depletion effect is expected to be observed. For the central molecular zone, the expected range of CR energy depletion is E ≲ 10 GeV, leading to the depletion of gamma-ray flux below E

γ
≈ 2 GeV. This effect can be important for the interpretation of the GeV gamma-ray excess in the Galactic Center, which has been revealed from the standard model of CR propagation (assuming the CR spectrum inside a cloud to be equal to the interstellar spectrum). Furthermore, recent observations of some local molecular clouds suggest the depletion of the gamma-ray emission, indicating possible self-modulation of the penetrating low-energy CRs.
Evidence for a Vertical Dependence on the Pressure Structure in AS 209
Authors: Teague Richard , Bae Jaehan , Birnstiel Tilman , Bergin Edwin A. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
We present an improved method to measure the rotation curves for disks with nonaxisymmetric brightness profiles initially published in Teague et al. Application of this method to the well studied AS 209 system shows substantial deviations from Keplerian rotation of up to ±5%. These deviations are most likely due to perturbations in the gas pressure profile, including a perturbation located at ≈250 au and spanning up to ≈50 au that is only detected kinematically. Modeling the required temperature and density profiles required to recover the observed rotation curve, we demonstrate that the rings observed in micrometer scattered light are coincident with the pressure maxima, and are radially offset from the rings observed in millimeter continuum emission. This suggests that if rings in the NIR are due to submicrometer grains trapped in pressure maxima, then there is a vertical dependence on the radius of the pressure minima.
The Evolution of the Warm Absorber Reveals a Shocked Outflow in the Narrow Line Seyfert 1 Galaxy IRAS 17020+4544
Authors: Sanfrutos Mario , Longinotti Anna Lia , Krongold Yair , Guainazzi Matteo , Panessa Francesca 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
We present the analysis of grating spectra of the Narrow Line Seyfert 1 Galaxy IRAS 17020+4544 observed by XMM-Newton in 2004 and 2014. In a previous work on these data, we reported the discovery of a multicomponent ultra-fast outflow that is capable of producing feedback in the host galaxy. We also reported the presence of a slow, multiphase warm absorber (WA). In this follow-up paper, we confirm that this low-velocity absorber can be modeled by four layers of ionized gas. When crossing our line of sight, this gas presents peculiar changes along the 10 yr timescale elapsed between the two observations obtained by XMM-Newton. While two of such components are almost stationary, the other two are found inflowing and outflowing with significant variations in velocity and ionization between 2004 and 2014. The luminosity and spectral shape of the central source remain practically unvaried. We propose that the presence of the fast wind and of the variable WA can be interpreted in the framework of a “shocked outflow,” where the peculiar variability pattern of the low-velocity components might arise from instabilities in the shocked gas.
X-Ray Reverberation from Black Hole Accretion Disks with Realistic Geometric Thickness
Authors: Taylor Corbin , Reynolds Christopher S. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
X-ray reverberation in active galactic nuclei, believed to be the result of the reprocessing of corona photons by the underlying accretion disk, has allowed us to probe the properties of the innermost regions of the accretion flow and the central black hole. This process is modeled via raytracing in the Kerr metric, with the disk thickness almost ubiquitously assumed to be negligible (“razor thin”) and the corona commonly approximated as a point source located along the polar axis (a lamppost). In this work, we use the new raytracing suite, Fenrir, to explore the effect that accretion disk geometry has on reverberation signatures, assuming a lamppost configuration but allowing for a finite disk scale height. We characterize the signatures of finite disk thickness in the reverberation transfer function and calculate how they might manifest in observed lag-frequency spectra. We also show that a disk-hugging corona (approximated by off-axis point-like flares) exhibits characteristics that are qualitatively different from observation, thus providing further evidence for a flaring corona that is separated from the underlying disk material.
The Role of Cosmic-ray Transport in Shaping the Simulated Circumgalactic Medium
Authors: Butsky Iryna S. , Quinn Thomas R. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The majority of galactic baryons resides outside of the galactic disk in the diffuse gas known as the circumgalactic medium (CGM). While state-of-the art simulations excel at reproducing galactic disk properties, many of them struggle to drive strong galactic winds or to match the observed ionization structure of the CGM using only thermal supernova feedback. To remedy this, recent studies have invoked nonthermal cosmic ray (CR) stellar feedback prescriptions. However, numerical schemes of CR transport are still poorly constrained. We explore how the choice of CR transport affects the multiphase structure of the simulated CGM. We implement anisotropic CR physics in the astrophysical simulation code Enzo and simulate a suite of isolated disk galaxies with varying prescriptions for CR transport: isotropic diffusion, anisotropic diffusion, and streaming. We find that all three transport mechanisms result in strong, metal-rich outflows but differ in the temperature and ionization structure of their CGM. Isotropic diffusion results in a spatially uniform, warm CGM that underpredicts the column densities of low ions. Anisotropic diffusion develops a reservoir of cool gas that extends farther from the galactic center, but disperses rapidly with distance. CR streaming projects cool gas out to radii of 200 kpc, supporting a truly multiphase medium. In addition, we find that streaming is less sensitive to changes in constant parameter values like the CR injection fraction, transport velocity, and resolution than diffusion. We conclude that CR streaming is a more robust implementation of CR transport and motivates the need for detailed parameter studies of CR transport.
A DNA barcode-assisted annotated checklist of the spider (Arachnida, Araneae) communities associated to white oak woodlands in Spanish National Parks
Authors: Crespo Luís , Domènech Marc , Enguídanos Alba , Malumbres-Olarte Jagoba , Cardoso Pedro , Moya-Laraño Jordi , Frías-López Cristina , Macías-Hernández Nuria , De Mas Eva , Mazzuca Paola , Mora Elisa , Opatova Vera , Planas Enric , Ribera Carles , Roca-Cusachs Marcos , Ruiz Dolores , Sousa Pedro , Tonzo Vanina , Arnedo Miquel 
Published: November 2018

A large scale semi-quantitative biodiversity assessment was conducted in white oak woodlands in areas included in the Spanish Network of National Parks, as part of a project aimed at revealing biogeographic patterns and identify biodiversity drivers. The semi-quantitative COBRA sampling protocol was conducted in sixteen 1-ha plots across six national parks using a nested design. All adult specimens were identified to species level based on morphology. Uncertain delimitations and identifications due to either limited information of diagnostic characters or conflicting taxonomy were further investigated using DNA barcode information.We identified 376 species belonging to 190 genera in 39 families, from the 8,521 adults found amongst the 20,539 collected specimens. Faunistic results include the discovery of 7 new species to the Iberian Peninsula, 3 new species to Spain and 11 putative new species to science. As largely expected by environmental features, the southern parks showed a higher proportion of Iberian and Mediterranean species than the northern parks, where the Palearctic elements were largely dominant. The analysis of approximately 3,200 DNA barcodes generated in the present study, corroborated and provided finer resolution to the morphologically based delimitation and identification of specimens in some taxonomically challenging families. Specifically, molecular data confirmed putative new species with diagnosable morphology, identified overlooked lineages that may constitute new species, confirmed assignment of specimens of unknown sexes to species and identified cases of misidentifications and phenotypic polymorphisms.
Elevated Serum Concentrations of Polymorphonuclear Neutrophilic Leukocyte Elastase in Systemic Sclerosis: Association with Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: HARA TOSHIHIDE , OGAWA FUMIHIDE , YANABA KOICHI , IWATA YOHEI , MUROI EIJI , KOMURA KAZUHIRO , TAKENAKA MOTOI , SHIMIZU KAZUHIRO , HASEGAWA MINORU , FUJIMOTO MANABU , SATO SHINICHI 
Published: November 2018

ObjectiveTo determine the serum concentrations and clinical association of polymorphonuclear neutrophilic leukocyte (PMN) elastase in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc).MethodsSerum PMN elastase levels from 21 patients with limited cutaneous SSc (lSSc) and 32 with diffuse cutaneous SSc (dSSc) were examined by ELISA.ResultsSerum PMN elastase levels were elevated in patients with SSc, especially dSSc, compared to healthy controls. SSc patients with elevated serum PMN elastase levels had more frequent presence of pulmonary fibrosis, arthritis, contracture of phalanges, and diffuse pigmentation. Anticentromere antibody was detected less frequently in SSc patients with elevated serum PMN elastase levels than in controls. Consistently, serum PMN elastase levels also correlated positively with serum levels of KL-6 and surfactant protein-D, serological markers for pulmonary fibrosis. Serum PMN elastase levels were also associated with levels of serum 8-isoprostane, an oxidative stress marker in SSc.ConclusionSerum PMN elastase levels were elevated in patients with SSc, and it was more prominent in patients with pulmonary fibrosis, suggesting that serum PMN elastase is a novel serological marker for SSc-related pulmonary fibrosis.
Development and Testing of Reduced Joint Counts in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors: BAZSO ANNA , CONSOLARO ALESSANDRO , RUPERTO NICOLINO , PISTORIO ANGELA , VIOLA STEFANIA , MAGNI-MANZONI SILVIA , MALATTIA CLARA , BUONCOMPAGNI ANTONELLA , LOY ANNA , MARTINI ALBERTO , RAVELLI ANGELO ,   for the Pediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organization
Published: November 2018

ObjectiveTo develop and test reduced joint counts in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).MethodsFour reduced joint counts including 45, 35, 27, and 10 joints were devised by a panel of experienced pediatric rheumatologists, who selected the joints to be included based on the ease of technical assessment, functional relevance, and frequency of involvement. Three large samples of patients with JIA (total n = 4353) who had a detailed joint assessment available were used to develop and test reduced joint counts. Performance of reduced counts was examined by comparing their Spearman correlation with the standard (i.e., complete) joint count. Construct validity was evaluated by calculating Spearman correlation with other JIA outcome measures. Responsiveness to clinical change was determined through the standardized response mean (SRM).ResultsSpearman correlations of reduced joint counts with the whole joint count and with the other JIA outcome measures were comparable, revealing that they had similar ability to serve as surrogate for the whole joint count and construct validity. Responsiveness to clinical change was also comparable across reduced counts (SRM 0.83–1.09 for active joint counts and 0.63–0.81 for restricted joint counts). Based on these results and considering the relative feasibility of the different counts, the 27-joint reduced count is proposed for use in JIA. This joint count includes the cervical spine and the elbow, wrist, metacarpophalangeal (from first to third), proximal interphalangeal, hip, knee, and ankle joints.ConclusionReduced joint counts appear to be as reliable as standard joint counts in assessment of the severity of joint disease and its change over time in children with JIA.
Presentación
Authors: Esteban Albert Manuel , Sáez Juan 
Published: November 2018

<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"><span style="line-height: 115%;">El espíritu de la Convergencia Europea que tan bien se encarna en el Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES) sigue dando lugar a una vasta producción teórica, exclusivamente discursiva y en menor medida apoyada en experiencias y en casos concretos, relacionada con los más diferentes aspectos convocados en diversos medios de expresión: documentos, conferencias, ponencias, reuniones, cursos, encuentros, jornadas y oros espacios de reflexión sobre esta urgente cuestión. Lo que<span> </span>se dice es mucho, mucho más de lo que se hace, por supuesto, pero no siempre lo dicho constituye una aportación al desarrollo de este Espacio de Educación Superior, normalmente instalado en la institución universitaria. Como suele ser frecuente, los discursos preceden a la práctica y, en tanto que ésta suele ser con frecuencia resultado y reflejo de normativas y preceptos, no puede extrañar que lo dicho hasta ahora-discursos, reflexiones, argumentos y teorías- vaya muy por delante de lo hecho, de experiencias, proyectos y prácticas.</span></span>
Actores y campos: de lo científico y lo profesional
Authors: Campillo Margarita , Pérez Mónica , Gutiérrez Marta 
Published: November 2018

<p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;">El Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior se apoya y legitima sobre temas nucleares que, con frecuencia, no son considerados en el debate y menos aún en los discursos. Apenas se hace referencia a los diferentes actores que participan en estas transformaciones, dándose por supuesto que están ahí y soslayándose una reflexión a fondo sobre sus respectivos intereses, deseos y poderes. La distinción de Bourdieu entre campo científico y campo profesional permite adentrarse en dos de los actores claves que protagonizan la reforma o la transformación de la institución universitaria: los formadores y los profesionales.</span></p><p> </p>
Experiências de ensino e subjetividades imanentes configurando práticas de professores de Educação Física da educação infantil
Authors: Lúcio Géssica Adriana De Carvalho , Grunennvaldt José Tarcísio , Rabelo Viviani Darolt , Moreira Evando Carlos 
Published: November 2018

O estudo tem por objetivo apresentar uma tipologia a partir de práticas educativas, experiências e subjetividades imanentes de professores de Educação Física que atuam em escolas municipais de Educação Infantil de Cuiabá-MT. Sendo sujeitos da pesquisa professores de Educação Física que atuam na Educação Infantil. A amostra foi composta por 50 professores que responderam a um questionário e 10 professores que participaram da entrevista. O percurso investigativo, nos possibilitou uma análise das práticas educativas e a compreensão das experiências dos docentes. Se a experiência é algo que faz mais relação ao presente vivido do que ao futuro, ainda como um vir a ser, fica a constatação de que a prática educativa dos professores pode ser relacionada com a ideia de o presente estar permeado pela possibilidade de já se estar vivendo um eterno “Ainda-Não”. Podemos vislumbrar novas práticas se delineando, na medida em que a experiência é algo que vai se configurando nas ações dos sujeitos-professores com os corpos-crianças em que o ensinar pode estar perdendo a primazia sobre o aprender.