bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ASSESSMENT OF 16S rRNA SEQUENCE AND HETEROTROPHIC PLATE COUNT (HPC) METHODS OF IDENTIFYING BACTERIA FROM DRINKING WATER SYSTEMS IN BENIN CITY METROPOLIS
Authors: Enaigbe Andrew A. , Akpoka Obhioze Augustine , Imade Stanley Odaro 
Published: October 2019

A variety of simple culture-based tests which are proposed to recover a wide range of microorganisms from water are collectively known as heterotrophic plate count (HPC) and used as an indirect indicator to give information about water quality. The aim of this study was to assess the heterotrophic plate count (HPC) culture-based dependent and 16S rRNA independent techniques of identifying bacteria. The HPC was conducted by incubating a filtered sample of water on R2A agar plates and enumerating the number of resultant bacterial colonies that grow on each plate. The molecular analysis was performed by extracting the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from bacterial isolate and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was done to obtain the amplicons (PCR products). Purified PCR products were sequenced by ABI V3.1 Big dye kit and the analysis of sequence was conducted by the basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) to identify their closest relatives. A total number of 17 isolates of Pseudomonas, Bacillus and Proteus were phenotypically identified, while the nucleotide sequence revealed the presence of 59 diverse strains with distribution (percentage) of Pseudomonas (25) 42.2 %, Bacillus 17 (28.8 %) and Proteus (17) 28.8 %. The investigated isolates when compared from gene data-base recorded genetic relatedness with similarity index of 61 to 100 %. The 16S rRNA gene sequences from DNA extractions showed microbial consortia in drinking water to comprise of a broad array of bacterial diversity, including those of critical concern to human health such as Pseudomonas and Bacillus. Finally, there was no significant correlation between the HPC test and 16S rRNA sequence analysis.
The Impact of Frailty on Technique Failure and Mortality in Patients on Home Dialysis
Authors: Brar Ranveer , Whitlock Reid , Komenda Paul , Lerner Blake , Prasad Bhanu , Bohm Clara , Thorsteinsdottir Bjoerg , Rigatto Claudio , Tangri Navdeep 
Published: October 2019

Background Patients on home dialysis therapies experience technique failure, which is associated with morbidity and mortality. Reasons for technique failure are complex, and often related to functional decline in the patient or caregiver. Frailty is associated with an increased risk of adverse health outcomes. We investigated the impact of frailty on technique failure and mortality in a prospective cohort of patients on home dialysis therapies. Methods We collected objective (Fried criteria and Short Physical Performance Battery [SPPB]), and subjective (physician and nurse impression) measures of frailty from 109 prevalent home dialysis patients. Our primary outcome was a composite of technique failure, defined as a permanent unplanned transition (> 30 days in duration) to facility-based hemodialysis or all-cause death. The association between different frailty assessment tools and the primary composite outcome was evaluated using Cox models. Results Fried criteria and physician impression was associated with a greater than 2-fold increase in risk of our composite outcome (HR: 2.10 [95% CI 1.09 – 3.99], 2.15 [95% CI 1.15 – 4.00, respectively] in adjusted analyses. Weakness and weight loss subdomains of the Fried criteria were both associated with an increased risk of our composite outcome in adjusted analyses (HR: 2.16 [95% CI 1.23 – 3.78], 2.69 [95% CI 1.39 – 5.40], respectively). Conclusions Objective and subjective measures of frailty are associated with a more than 2-fold higher risk of technique failure or death in patients undergoing home dialysis. Assessing frailty as part of the clinical evaluation for home dialysis therapies may be useful for prognostication and clinical management.
Effect of Liver Cirrhosis on the Outcomes of Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Jung Young Lee , Park Jae Yoon , Lee Chung Sik , Kim Dong Ki , Lim Chun-Soo , Kim Yon Su , Oh Kook-Hwan , Han Seung Seok 
Published: October 2019

Background Peritoneal dialysis (PD) has become an increasingly important treatment modality for end-stage renal disease. However, application of PD in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) and subsequent outcomes have not been thoroughly evaluated. Methods A total of 1,366 patients (≥ 18 years old) who started PD at 4 tertiary referral centers between January 2000 and December 2015 were initially reviewed. Among them, 45 patients with LC were finally analyzed (LC-PD). Using the multivariate Cox hazard ratio (HR) model, outcomes such as technique failure, infection, and mortality in patients with LC-PD were compared with those in non-LC-PD patients (non-LC-PD) or patients with LC who received hemodialysis (LC-HD). All of the patients were selected by 1:1 matching of age, sex, catheter insertion date, and diabetes mellitus. Results During the mean follow-up duration of 43 ± 35.8 months, 12 patients with LC-PD experienced technique failure, and this rate was similar to that of non-LC-PD patients. In evaluating infection episodes, the most common causes for peritonitis and exit-site infection were Escherichia coli (5.8%) and Staphylococcus aureus (19.3%), respectively; these event rates of LC-PD did not differ from those of non-LC-PD. The all-cause mortality rate of the LC-PD group was not different from that of the non-LC-PD and LC-HD groups. Conclusion Dialysis outcomes such as technique failure, infection, and mortality are not affected by the presence of LC. Accordingly, PD therapy is a good option in patients with LC.
International Anemia Prevalence and Management in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients
Authors: Perlman Rachel L. , Zhao Junhui , Fuller Douglas S. , Bieber Brian , Li Yun , Pisoni Ronald L. , Robinson Bruce M. , Johnson David W. , Kawanishi Hideki , Davies Simon J. , Schreiber Martin J. , Perl Jeffrey 
Published: October 2019

Background The optimal treatment for managing anemia in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients and best clinical practices are not completely understood. We sought to characterize international variations in anemia measures and management among PD patients. Methods The Peritoneal Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (PDOPPS) enrolled adult PD patients from 6 countries from 2014 to 2017. Hemoglobin (Hb), ferritin levels, and transferrin saturation (TSAT), as well as erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESAs) and iron use were compared cross-sectionally at study enrollment in Australia and New Zealand (A/NZ), Canada, Japan, the United Kingdom (UK), and the United States (US). Results Among 3,603 PD patients from 193 facilities, mean Hb ranged from 11.0 – 11.3 g/dL across countries. The majority of patients (range 53% – 59%) had Hb 10 – 11.9 g/dL, with 4% – 12% patients ≥ 13 g/dL and 16% – 23% < 10 g/dL. Use of ESAs was higher in Japan (94% of patients) than elsewhere (66% – 79% of patients). In the US, 63% of patients had a ferritin level > 500 ng/mL, compared with 5% – 38% in other countries. In the US and Japan, 87% – 89% of PD patients had TSAT ≥ 20%, compared with 73% – 76% in other countries. Intravenous (IV) iron use within 4 months of enrollment was higher in the US (55% of patients) than elsewhere (6% – 17% patients). Conclusions In this largest international observational study of anemia and anemia management in patients receiving PD, comparable Hb levels across countries were observed but with notable differences in ESA and iron use. Peritoneal dialysis patients in the US have higher ferritin levels and higher IV iron use than other countries.
Swimming on Peritoneal Dialysis: Recommendations from Australian PD Units
Authors: Lee Anna 
Published: October 2019

Background There is no evidence to support the need for protection of the peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheter and exit site for people on PD who want to swim. Swimming with a PD catheter is perceived to potentially put that person at increased risk of infection. Objectives of this study were to determine the proportion of Australian PD units supporting swimming for people on PD, recommendations made to protect the PD catheter, and exit site and any subsequent infective complications. Method Phone surveys were conducted with PD nurses from a cross section of 39 Australian PD units. Results Almost all units reported that patients on PD do swim despite only 77% of units advocating swimming. Swimming in sea water (85%) or a private swimming pool (90%) is mostly recommended. Covering the exit site and PD catheter is recommended with a waterproof film dressing or colostomy bag. Performing routine exit-site care after swimming is recommended (100%). There were 7 reported exit-site infections and 2 episodes of peritonitis perceived to be associated with swimming with a PD catheter. Conclusion Most PD units in Australia report that patients on PD swim. Swimming is recommended in either sea water or private swimming pools. The PD catheter and exit site should be covered with either a clear waterproof dressing or colostomy bag. Routine exit-site care should be performed after swimming. Infections were rarely reported in those who swim. Until further research is available, best practice recommendations are warranted for the safety of those on PD who want to swim.
The Ultracool SpeXtroscopic Survey. I. Volume-limited Spectroscopic Sample and Luminosity Function of M7−L5 Ultracool Dwarfs
Authors: Bardalez Gagliuffi Daniella C. , Burgasser Adam J. , Schmidt Sarah J. , Theissen Christopher , Gagné Jonathan , Gillon Michael , Sahlmann Johannes , Faherty Jacqueline K. , Gelino Christopher , Cruz Kelle L. , Skrzypek Nathalie , Looper Dagny 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We present a volume-limited, spectroscopically verified sample of M7−L5 ultracool dwarfs (UCDs) within 25 pc. The sample contains 410 sources, of which 93% have trigonometric distance measurements (80% from Gaia DR2) and 81% have low-resolution (R ∼ 120), near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. We also present an additional list of 60 sources that may be M7−L5 dwarfs within 25 pc when distance or spectral-type uncertainties are taken into account. The spectra provide NIR spectral and gravity classifications, and we use these to identify young sources, red and blue J − K

S
color outliers, and spectral binaries. We measure very low gravity and intermediate-gravity fractions of

and

, respectively; fractions of red and blue color outliers of

and

, respectively; and a spectral binary fraction of

. We present an updated luminosity function for M7−L5 dwarfs continuous across the hydrogen-burning limit that agrees with previous studies. We estimate our completeness to range between 69% and 80% when compared to an isotropic model. However, we find that the literature late-M sample is severely incomplete compared to L dwarfs, with completeness of

and

, respectively. This incompleteness can be addressed with astrometric-based searches of UCDs with Gaia to identify objects previously missed by color- and magnitude-limited surveys.
The Chemical Structure of Young High-mass Star-forming Clumps. I. Deuteration
Authors: Feng 冯 S. 思轶 , Caselli P. , Wang 王 K. 科 , Lin Y. , Beuther H. , Sipilä O. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The chemical structure of high-mass star nurseries is important for a general understanding of star formation. Deuteration is a key chemical process in the earliest stages of star formation because its efficiency is sensitive to the environment. Using the IRAM-30 m telescope at 1.3–4.3 mm wavelengths, we have imaged two parsec-scale high-mass protostellar clumps (P1 and S) that show different evolutionary stages but are located in the same giant filamentary infrared dark cloud G28.34+0.06. Deep spectral images at subparsec resolution reveal the dust and gas physical structures of both clumps. We find that (1) the low-J lines of N2H+, HCN, HNC, and HCO+ isotopologues are subthermally excited; and (2) the deuteration of N2H+ is more efficient than that of HCO+, HCN, and HNC by an order of magnitude. The deuterations of these species are enriched toward the chemically younger clump S compared with P1, indicating that this process favors the colder and denser environment (T
kin ∼ 14 K, N(NH3) ∼ 9 × 1015 cm−2). In contrast, single deuteration of NH3 is insensitive to the environmental difference between P1 and S; and (3) single deuteration of CH3OH (>10%) is detected toward the location where CO shows a depletion of ∼10. This comparative chemical study between P1 and S links the chemical variations to the environmental differences and shows chemical similarities between the early phases of high- and low-mass star-forming regions.
Evidence for Oscillating Two-stream Instability and Spatial Collapse of Langmuir Waves in a Solar Type II Radio Burst
Authors: Thejappa G. , MacDowall R. J. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We present the high time resolution in situ observations of Langmuir waves, likely excited by an electron beam accelerated by a coronal-mass ejection-driven super-critical quasi-perpendicular interplanetary shock into its upstream solar wind, which happens to be the source region of a solar type II radio burst. We show that (1) these waves occur as coherent localized magnetic-field-aligned, one-dimensional wave packets with durations of a few milliseconds and with peak intensities well in excess of the threshold for strong turbulence processes, (2) they provide what is believed to be the first evidence for: (a) the oscillating two-stream instability (OTSI)

, where L
1 and L
2, U and D, and S are the pump Langmuir waves, up- and down-shifted side bands, and ion sound waves, respectively, (b) a three-wave interaction

, where

is the second-harmonic electromagnetic wave, (3) they satisfy the threshold condition for formation of collapsing solitons, and (4) they are accompanied by their ponderomotive force induced density cavities with

, where

is the level of ponderomotive force induced density fluctuations and

is that of the ambient fluctuations. These findings strongly suggest that the observed wave packets provide evidence for the collapsing solitons formed as a result of OTSI. The implication is that the strong turbulence processes probably play very important roles in excitation of type II radio emissions as well as in stabilization of shock-accelerated electron beams.
Disk–Jet Coupling in the 2017/2018 Outburst of the Galactic Black Hole Candidate X-Ray Binary MAXI J1535–571
Authors: Russell T. D. , Tetarenko A. J. , Miller-Jones J. C. A. , Sivakoff G. R. , Parikh A. S. , Rapisarda S. , Wijnands R. , Corbel S. , Tremou E. , Altamirano D. , Baglio M. C. , Ceccobello C. , Degenaar N. , Eijnden J. van den , Fender R. , Heywood I. , Krimm H. A. , Lucchini M. , Markoff S. , Russell D. M. , Soria R. , Woudt P. A. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
MAXI J1535−571 is a Galactic black hole candidate X-ray binary that was discovered going into outburst in 2017 September. In this paper, we present comprehensive radio monitoring of this system using the Australia Telescope Compact Array, as well as the MeerKAT radio observatory, showing the evolution of the radio jet during its outburst. Our radio observations show the early rise and subsequent quenching of the compact jet as the outburst brightened and then evolved toward the soft state. We constrain the compact jet quenching factor to be more than 3.5 orders of magnitude. We also detected and tracked (for 303 days) a discrete, relativistically moving jet knot that was launched from the system. From the motion of the apparently superluminal knot, we constrain the jet inclination (at the time of ejection) and speed to ≤45° and ≥0.69 c, respectively. Extrapolating its motion back in time, our results suggest that the jet knot was ejected close in time to the transition from the hard intermediate state to soft intermediate state. The launching event also occurred contemporaneously with a short increase in X-ray count rate, a rapid drop in the strength of the X-ray variability, and a change in the type-C quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) frequency that occurs >2.5 days before the first appearance of a possible type-B QPO.
Synthetic Extreme-ultraviolet Emissions Modulated by Leaky Fast Sausage Modes in Solar Active Region Loops
Authors: Shi Mijie , Li Bo , Huang Zhenghua , Chen Shao-Xia 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We study the extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) emissions modulated by leaky fast sausage modes (FSMs) in solar active region (AR) loops and examine their observational signatures via spectrometers like the EUV imaging spectrometer (EIS). After computing fluid variables of leaky FSMs with magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations, we forward-model the intensity and spectral properties of the Fe x 185 Å and Fe xii 195 Å lines by incorporating nonequilibrium ionization (NEI) in the computations of the relevant ionic fractions. The damping times derived from the intensity variations are then compared with the wave values, namely, the damping times directly found from our MHD simulations. Our results show that in the equilibrium ionization cases, the density variations and the intensity variations can be either in phase or in antiphase, depending on the loop temperature. NEI considerably impacts the intensity variations but has only marginal effects on the derived Doppler velocity or Doppler width. We find that the damping time derived from the intensity can largely reflect the wave damping time if the loop temperature is not drastically different from the nominal formation temperature of the corresponding emission line. These results are helpful for understanding the modulations to the EUV emissions by leaky FSMs and hence helpful for identifying FSMs in solar AR loops.
The ALMA Discovery of the Rotating Disk and Fast Outflow of Cold Molecular Gas in NGC 1275
Authors: Nagai H. , Onishi K. , Kawakatu N. , Fujita Y. , Kino M. , Fukazawa Y. , Lim J. , Forman W. , Vrtilek J. , Nakanishi K. , Noda H. , Asada K. , Wajima K. , Ohyama Y. , David L. , Daikuhara K. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We present observations using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array of the CO(2−1), HCN(3−2), and HCO+(3−2) lines in the nearby radio galaxy/brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) NGC 1275 with a spatial resolution of ∼20 pc. In previous observations, the CO(2−1) emission was detected as radial filaments lying in the east–west direction on a kiloparsec scale. We resolved the inner filament and found that it cannot be represented by a simple infalling stream on a sub-kiloparsec scale. The observed complex nature of the filament resembles the cold gas structure predicted by numerical simulations of cold chaotic accretion. Within the central 100 pc, we detected a rotational disk of molecular gas whose mass is ∼108
M
⊙. This is the first evidence of the presence of a massive cold gas disk on this spatial scale for BCGs. A crude estimate suggests that the accretion rate of the cold gas can be higher than that of hot gas. The disk rotation axis is approximately consistent with the radio-jet axis. This probably suggests that the cold gas disk is physically connected to the innermost accretion disk, which is responsible for jet launching. We also detected absorption features in the HCN(3−2) and HCO+(3−2) spectra against the radio continuum emission mostly radiated by a jet of size ∼1.2 pc. The absorption features are blueshifted from the systemic velocity by ∼300–600 km s−1, suggesting the presence of outflowing gas from the active galactic nucleus (AGN). We discuss the relation of the AGN feeding with cold accretion, the origin of blueshifted absorption, and an estimate of the black hole mass using molecular gas dynamics.
Spitzer Catalog of Herschel-selected Ultrared Dusty Star-forming Galaxies
Authors: Ma Jingzhe , Cooray Asantha , Nayyeri Hooshang , Brown Arianna , Ghotbi Noah , Ivison Rob , Oteo Ivan , Duivenvoorden Steven , Greenslade Joshua , Clements David , Wardlow Julie , Battisti Andrew , Cunha Elisabete da , Ashby Matthew L. N. , Perez-Fournon Ismael , Riechers Dominik , Oliver Seb , Eales Stephen , Negrello Mattia , Dye Simon , Dunne Loretta , Omont Alain , Scott Douglas , Cox Pierre , Serjeant Stephen , Maddox Steve , Valiante Elisabetta 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The largest Herschel extragalactic surveys, H-ATLAS and HerMES, have selected a sample of “ultrared” dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) with rising SPIRE flux densities (S
500 > S
350 > S
250; the so-called “500 μm risers”) as an efficient way for identifying DSFGs at higher redshift (z > 4). In this paper, we present a large Spitzer follow-up program of 300 Herschel ultrared DSFGs. We have obtained high-resolution Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array, Northern Extended Millimeter Array, and SMA data for 63 of them, which allow us to securely identify the Spitzer/IRAC counterparts and classify them as gravitationally lensed or unlensed. Within the 63 ultrared sources with high-resolution data, ∼65% appear to be unlensed and ∼27% are resolved into multiple components. We focus on analyzing the unlensed sample by directly performing multiwavelength spectral energy distribution modeling to derive their physical properties and compare with the more numerous z ∼ 2 DSFG population. The ultrared sample has a median redshift of 3.3, stellar mass of 3.7 × 1011
M
⊙, star formation rate (SFR) of 730 M
⊙ yr−1, total dust luminosity of 9.0 × 1012
L
⊙, dust mass of 2.8 × 109
M
⊙, and V-band extinction of 4.0, which are all higher than those of the ALESS DSFGs. Based on the space density, SFR density, and stellar mass density estimates, we conclude that our ultrared sample cannot account for the majority of the star-forming progenitors of the massive, quiescent galaxies found in infrared surveys. Our sample contains the rarer, intrinsically most dusty, luminous, and massive galaxies in the early universe that will help us understand the physical drivers of extreme star formation.
Valeur(s) & management
Authors: Berger Cédric 
Published: October 2019

Dans un monde complexe, incertain et interconnecté, une profession émerge : la Business Analysis (Analyse d’Entreprise). Porteur de sens, créateur de valeur et acteur intelligent, le Business Analyste devient l’utilisateur principal de la pensée complexe et de la démarche systémique. Au cœur de l’entreprise, cette profession harmonise et coordonne la stratégie, les opérations et la technologie pour apporter à toutes les parties prenantes des solutions à valeur(s). « Analyser avant d’agir », une banalité qui devient essentielle dans la révolution économique actuelle.
Valeur(s) & management
Authors: Schiesser Philippe 
Published: October 2019

La démarche d’éco-conception, tout en développant ses outils spécifiques (dont le diagnostic environnemental notamment matérialisé par l’analyse de cycle de vie) fait aussi appel à différentes disciplines du monde de la Valeur. Cet article vise à dresser des passerelles entre les différents intervenants de la conception de produits.
La diversité sans diversité : différences « raciales » et accès au logement dans deux villes plurielles francophones (Montréal et Saint-Denis)
Authors: Roche Elise , Rutland Ted 
Published: October 2019

Cet article examine comment la production de différenciations raciales interagit avec les politiques urbaines sur la question du droit au logement dans deux villes plurielles francophones, en France et au Québec (Canada). Nous procédons par une analyse croisée de deux processus de droit au logement : les politiques d’un gouvernement municipal progressiste dans des secteurs où vivent des Jamaïcains à Montréal et un projet étatique de relogement d’un bidonville rom à Saint-Denis (Région parisienne). En examinant ces deux processus, nous montrons comment des différenciations raciales sont produites et comment des actions qui visent à réduire les différences socio-économiques peuvent contribuer à la marginalisation de populations racisées.