bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are long gamma-ray bursts biased tracers of star formation? Clues from the host galaxies of the Swift/BAT6 complete sample of bright LGRBs
Authors: Palmerio J. T. , Vergani S. D. , Salvaterra R. , Sanders R. L. , Japelj J. , Vidal-García A. , D’Avanzo P. , Corre D. , Perley D. A. , Shapley A. E. , Boissier S. , Greiner J. , Le Floc’h E. , Wiseman P. 
Published: January 2019

Aims. Long gamma-ray bursts (LGRB) have been proposed as promising tracers of star formation owing to their association with the core-collapse of massive stars. Nonetheless, previous studies we carried out at z <  1 support the hypothesis that the conditions necessary for the progenitor star to produce an LGRB (e.g. low metallicity), were challenging the use of LGRBs as star-formation tracers, at least at low redshift. The goal of this work is to characterise the population of host galaxies of LGRBs at 1 < z < 2, investigate the conditions in which LGRBs form at these redshifts and assess their use as tracers of star formation.
Methods. We performed a spectro-photometric analysis to determine the stellar mass, star formation rate, specific star formation rate and metallicity of the complete, unbiased host galaxy sample of the Swift/BAT6 LGRB sample at 1 < z < 2. We compared the distribution of these properties to the ones of typical star-forming galaxies from the MOSDEF and COSMOS2015 Ultra Deep surveys, within the same redshift range.
Results. We find that, similarly to z <  1, LGRBs do not directly trace star formation at 1 < z < 2, and they tend to avoid high-mass, high-metallicity host galaxies. We also find evidence for an enhanced fraction of starbursts among the LGRB host sample with respect to the star-forming population of galaxies. Nonetheless we demonstrate that the driving factor ruling the LGRB efficiency is metallicity. The LGRB host distributions can be reconciled with the ones expected from galaxy surveys by imposing a metallicity upper limit of logOH ∼ 8.55. We can determine upper limits on the fraction of super-solar metallicity LGRB host galaxies of ∼20%, 10% at z <  1, 1 <  z <  2, respectively.
Conclusions. Metallicity rules the LGRB production efficiency, which is stifled at Z ≳ 0.7 Z⊙. Under this hypothesis we can expect LGRBs to trace star formation at z >  3, once the bulk of the star forming galaxy population are characterised by metallicities below this limit. The role played by metallicity can be explained by the conditions necessary for the progenitor star to produce an LGRB. The moderately high metallicity threshold found is in agreement with the conditions necessary to rapidly produce a fast-rotating Wolf-Rayet stars in close binary systems, and could be accommodated by single star models under chemically homogeneous mixing with very rapid rotation and weak magnetic coupling.
Leitliniengerechte Verordnung von krankheitsmodifizierenden Arzneimitteln bei Patienten mit rheumatoider Arthritis – eine Analyse auf Basis von GKV-Routinedaten
Authors: Neubauer Sarah , Zeidler Henning , Linder Roland , Zeidler Jan 
Published: January 2019

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Mit Einführung der Biologika hat sich die Therapie der rheumatoiden Arthritis (RA) hinsichtlich der Wirksamkeit und Kosten grundlegend gewandelt. Ziel dieser Studie ist es, die der S1-Leitlinie der DGRh entsprechende Versorgung von RA-Patienten mit krankheitsmodifizierenden Medikamenten (disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs; DMARDs) anhand von Routinedaten der gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung zu analysieren.
Methodik Die Abrechnungsdaten der Techniker Krankenkasse wurden retrospektiv für die Jahre 2011 – 2014 analysiert. Im Rahmen von Subgruppenanalysen wurden Verschreibungs- und Versorgungsunterschiede einzelner in der Leitlinie empfohlener Wirkstoffe wie konventionelle DMARDs und Biologika analysiert.
Ergebnisse Die Studienpopulation umfasste 55 538 RA-Patienten (29,7 % inzidente, 70,3 % prävalente; 22,3 % M05: Seropositive chronische Polyarthritis, 77,7 % M06: Sonstige chronische Polyarthritis). Lediglich 21 616 Versicherte (38,9 %) bekamen mindestens einmal innerhalb eines Jahres nach der Erstdiagnose ein in der Leitlinie empfohlenes konventionelles DMARD oder Biologikum verordnet. Bei den inzidenten Patienten lag die Versorgungsquote mit krankheitsmodifizierenden Medikamenten unterhalb der prävalenten Patienten (31,5 vs. 42,1 %). 60,9 % der M05-Patienten und nur 29,7 % der M06-Patienten erhielten einen Einzelwirkstoff nach Index-Diagnose. Wenn ein Basistherapeutikum verordnet wurde, dann wurde dies durchschnittlich innerhalb eines Quartals nach Erstdiagnose verschrieben. Die führende Rolle in der Verschreibung von Basistherapeutika für die Indexmedikation übernimmt der Rheumatologe. Dennoch zeigte sich, dass nur 68,3 % der Patienten mindestens einmal innerhalb eines Jahres nach der Erstdiagnose einen rheumatologisch tätigen Facharzt konsultierten.
Schlussfolgerung Mittels einer großen Stichprobe konnten Unterschiede in der leitliniengerechten Verordnung von krankheitsmodifizierenden Arzneimitteln für verschiedene Subgruppen sowie eine Unterversorgung bei nicht vom internistischen Rheumatologen behandelten Patienten aufgezeigt werden.
Follicular Fluid Levels of Adrenomedullin 2, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and its Soluble Receptors Are Associated with Ovarian Response During ART Cycles
Authors: Ranjbaran Ali , Nejabati Hamid , Ghasemnejad Tohid , Latifi Zeinab , Hamdi Kobra , Hajipour Hamed , Raffel Nathalie , Bahrami-asl Zahra , Hakimi Parvin , Mihanfar Aynaz , Nouri Mohammad , Fattahi Amir 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Introduction Adrenomedullin 2 (ADM2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) affect ovarian function, especially angiogenesis and follicular development. The actions of VEGF can be antagonized by its soluble receptors, soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) and soluble VEGF receptor 2 (sVEGFR-2), as they decrease its free form. In the present study, we evaluated the relationship between follicular fluid (FF) levels of AMD2, VEGF and its soluble receptors, and ICSI outcomes.
Materials and Methods ICSI cycle outcomes were evaluated and FF levels of VEGF, sFlt-1, sVEGFR-2 and ADM2 were determined using ELISA kits.
Results FF levels of ADM2, VEGF, and sVEGFR-2 were significantly higher in non-responders compared to other ovarian response groups (p < 0.05). There were significant correlations between ADM2, VEGF and sVEGFR-2 levels as well as VEGF/sFlt-1 and VEGF/sVEGFR-2 ratios (r = 0.586, 0.482, 0.260, and − 0.366, respectively). Based on the ROC curve, the cutoff value for ADM2 as a non-responder predictor was 348.55 (pg/ml) with a sensitivity of 67.7% and a specificity of 94.6%.
Conclusions For the first time we measured FF ADM2 levels to determine the relationship to VEGF and its soluble receptors. We suggest that ADM2 could be a potential predictive marker for non-responders. Although the exact function of ADM2 in ovarian angiogenesis is not yet understood, our study may shed light on the possible role of ADM2 in folliculogenesis and ovulation.
SpyGlass DS-guided lithotripsy for pancreatic duct stones in symptomatic treatment-refractory chronic calcifying pancreatitis
Authors: Gerges Christian , Pullmann David , Bahin Farzan , Schneider Markus , Siersema Peter , Neuhaus Horst , van Geenen Erwin-Jan , Beyna Torsten 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and/or extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy are first-line therapies for draining an obstructed pancreatic duct (PD) in painful chronic calcifying pancreatitis (CCP). Pancreaticoscopy has shown promising success rates in small series.
Materials and methods This study was a retrospective analysis of a clinical database. Included were all digital single-operator digital video (SOV) pancreaticoscopy-guided interventions (n = 23) on CCP patients (n = 20) between 2015 and 2017. Success and complication rates were collected from the database. Clinical success was determined by assessing pain level score (NRS) and quality of life (QoL) using standardized questionnaires.
Results Overall technical success rate (successful SOV-pancreaticoscopy and PD drainage) was 95 %. Adverse events occurred in 7 of 23 procedures (30 %) and included extravasation from the PD (n = 1), self-limiting post-sphincterotomy bleeding (n = 1) and post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) (n = 6). At 3- to 6-month follow-up, 95 % of patients reported improvement in symptoms and reduction in intake of analgesics. Mean NRS decreased from 5.4 (±1.6) to 2.8 (± 1.8) (P < 0.01). Clinical success was achieved in 95 % of patients.
Conclusions Digital SOV-guided lithotripsy was found to be safe and effective in this highly selected population of CCP patients. PD decompression had a beneficial effect on pain reduction and QoL.
Concept of Viral Inhibitors via NTCP
Authors: Fukano Kento , Tsukuda Senko , Watashi Koichi , Wakita Takaji 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIdentification of sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP) as an entry receptor for hepatitis B and D viruses (HBV and HDV) has not only promoted our understanding of the mechanism underlying the viral entry process, but also provided cell culture models supporting viral infection. These models have greatly facilitated cell-based chemical screening for the discovery of entry inhibitors, and mode of action studies using such inhibitors have shown the advantages of NTCP as a drug target. Furthermore, in vitro chemical screening by application of high-throughput affinity-based technologies that target NTCP has identified a variety of unique small molecules that interfere with viral entry. This review summarizes this hot topic in the development of HBV/HDV entry inhibitors, with special focus on the use of NTCP as a drug target.
Nonsurgical Management of Single-Sided Deafness: Contralateral Routing of Signal
Authors: Snapp Hillary 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn recent years, an increasing research effort has been directed toward remediation of single-sided deafness. Contralateral routing of signal (CROS) is the longest standing rehabilitation solution for individuals with single-sided deafness. The primary goal of CROS technology is to transfer the signal received at the deaf ear to the better hearing ear, thereby reducing the impact of the acoustic head-shadow. This allows for individuals with single-sided deafness to regain access to sounds located at the deaf ear. The hearing deficits associated with single-sided deafness are often debilitating. While surgical management of single-sided deafness is on the rise, CROS hearing aids offer a nonsurgical option to compensate for some of the deficits that occur when a listener is limited to a single ear. Limitations of early CROS devices resulted in poor adoption and acceptance in those with single-sided deafness. Following significant advances in both design and technology, the acceptance of CROS devices has increased in recent years. This paper reviews relevant literature in CROS application for the management of single-sided deafness. Technological advances, benefits, limitations, and clinical considerations are also reviewed in this article.
Language contact and prosodic change in Slavic and Baltic
Authors: Pronk Tijmen 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis paper discusses several Slavic and Baltic dialects which have undergone stress shifts as a result of language contact. Two types of change are discussed: (1) stress retractions from the final syllable onto the initial syllable of a prosodic word, and (2) the rise of fixed stress replacing earlier free stress. It is argued that in all cases discussed in the paper, contact with a language with fixed initial stress caused a stress shift. Examples from Croatian and Lithuanian demonstrate that pitch contours played an important role in these shifts. The results of the shifts are not always identical, but the underlying mechanism is the same in each of these cases: the lexical pitch contour of the donor language was imposed on the target language, thereby introducing constraints on the position of stress in the target language. It is argued that a similar mechanism operated in West Slavic, where languages with free stress introduced fixed stress on the initial or penultimate syllable due to contact with German and possibly Hungarian.
Intermediate states of literariness
Authors: Hanauer David I. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This study utilizes texts which sit between the literary and non-literary to explore the outcomes and mechanisms
of literariness. Literariness can be activated by (a) linguistic foregrounding and (b) paratextual specification. In a 2 × 2
design, manipulated versions of two soldier narratives were produced (poetry/fiction; poetry/fact; prose/fiction; prose/poetry).
215 participants were randomly assigned to read one of the textual versions and respond to rating scales dealing with perception
of textual features, empathy, sympathy, and cognitive perspective-taking. The results show that poetic form elicits significantly
higher ratings for empathy and sympathy and that paratextual information specifying that a text is factual elicits significantly
higher ratings for empathy and cognitive perspective-taking. Two structural equation models were defined: (a) a literariness model
and (b) a factual accuracy model. The results suggest an additive dual model of processing in which both poetic form and factual
definition contribute to outcomes characteristic of literariness. These results offer some support for the hypotheses of the
Neuro-Cognitive Poetics Model proposed by (Jacobs, 2011).
Kant and the transparency of the mind
Authors: Newton Alexandra M. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIt has become standard to treat Kant'scharacterization of pure apperception as involving the claim that questions about what I think are transparent to questions about the world. By contrast, empirical apperception is thought to be non-transparent, since it involves a kind of inner observation of my mental states. I propose a reading that reverses this: pure apperception is non-transparent, because conscious only of itself, whereas empirical apperception is transparent to the world. The reading I offer, unlike the standard one, can accommodate Kant'sclaim that the I of pure apperception is the same as the I of empirical apperception.
Competition, Capitation, and Coding: Do Public Primary Care Providers Respond to Increased Competition?
Authors: Dackehag Margareta , Ellegård Lina Maria 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The case for competition in health-care markets rests on economic models in which providers seek to maximize profits. However, little is known regarding how public health-care providers, who might not have a profit motive, react to increased competition from private providers. This study considers the heterogeneous effects of a primary health-care reform in a Swedish region that considerably loosened entry restrictions and increased patients’ freedom of choice, thus enabling increased competition. Our difference-in-differences analysis contrasts local markets that were affected by both entry and choice with local monopoly markets, which were unaffected by the reforms. Using detailed administrative data on all visits to public health centers in 2008–2011, we find that providers in markets with increasing competition registered more diagnoses in an administrative database, thus increasing their reimbursement per patient. Although the economic significance of the effect is small, the result suggests that public providers are indeed sensitive to competition.
Raillietiniaisis in a Toddler From Hawaii: A Case of Mistaken Tapeworm Identity
Authors: Davis Richard E , Mathison Blaine A , Couturier Marc Roger 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
We present the first reported case from the United States of human infection with the intestinal cestode Raillietina, a parasite primarily of rodents and poultry. As the differential diagnosis between the morphologically similar Dipylidium caninum was challenging, we discuss the biology, epidemiology, and clinical management of this rare parasite.
Lansoprazole alleviates pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure in mice by blocking the activation of β-catenin
Authors: Lin Hairuo , Li Yang , Zhu Hailin , Wang Qiancheng , Chen Zhenhuan , Chen Lin , Zhu Yingqi , Zheng Cankun , Wang Yuegang , Liao Wangjun , Bin Jianping , Kitakaze Masafumi , Liao Yulin 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimsProton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely used in patients receiving percutaneous coronary intervention to prevent gastric bleeding, but whether PPIs are beneficial for the heart is controversial. Here, we investigated the effects of lansoprazole on cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure, as well as the underlying mechanisms.Methods and resultsAdult male C57 mice were subjected to transverse aortic constriction (TAC) or sham surgery and then were treated with lansoprazole or vehicle for 5 weeks. In addition, cultured neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts were exposed to angiotensin II in the presence or absence of lansoprazole. At 5 weeks after TAC, the heart weight/body weight ratio was lower in lansoprazole-treated mice than in untreated mice, as was the lung weight/body weight ratio, while left ventricular (LV) fractional shortening and the maximum and minimum rates of change of the LV pressure were higher in lansoprazole-treated mice, along with less cardiac fibrosis. In cultured cardiomyocytes, lansoprazole inhibited angiotensin II-induced protein synthesis and hypertrophy, as well as inhibiting proliferation of fibroblasts. Lansoprazole decreased myocardial levels of phosphorylated Akt, phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase 3β, and active β-catenin in TAC mice and in angiotensin II-stimulated cardiomyocytes. After overexpression of active β-catenin or knockdown of H+/K+-ATPase α-subunit, lansoprazole still significantly attenuated myocyte hypertrophy.ConclusionLansoprazole inhibits cardiac remodelling by suppressing activation of the Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin pathway independent of H+/K+-ATPase inhibition, and these findings may provide a novel insight into the pharmacological effects of PPIs with regard to alleviation of cardiac remodelling.
Oral Histories, Public Engagement and the Making of Positive in Prison
Authors: Weston Janet 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
How might creative practices surrounding oral history contribute to public engagement and to historical research itself? These questions are considered here through a reflective account of the making of the audio drama Positive in Prison: HIV Stories from a Dublin Jail. Positive in Prison is based on oral histories of HIV/AIDS in the Republic of Ireland, gathered in 2016–17 as part of the Wellcome Trust-funded project ‘Prisons, Medical Care and Entitlement to Health in England and Ireland, 1850–2000’. This piece reviews the processes and practical considerations behind the making of the audio drama and its associated launch events, alongside a summary of the history of HIV/AIDS and of prisons that was being produced and shared. It also offers reflections on the advantages and disadvantages of this particular project in relation to public engagement, the uses of oral histories, and creative history-telling.
Antisymmetric Paramodular Forms of Weights 2 and 3
Authors: Gritsenko Valery , Poor Cris , Yuen David S 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe define an algebraic set in $23$-dimensional projective space whose ${{\mathbb{Q}}}$-rational points correspond to meromorphic, antisymmetric, paramodular Borcherds products. We know two lines inside this algebraic set. Some rational points on these lines give holomorphic Borcherds products and thus construct examples of Siegel modular forms on degree 2 paramodular groups. Weight $3$ examples provide antisymmetric canonical differential forms on Siegel modular three-folds. Weight $2$ is the minimal weight and these examples, via the paramodular conjecture, give evidence for the modularity of some rank 1 abelian surfaces defined over $\mathbb{Q}$.
Identification of a chemical modulator of EZH2-mediated silencing by cell-based high-throughput screening assay
Authors: Murashima Akihiro , Shinjo Keiko , Katsushima Keisuke , Onuki Tetsuo , Kondoh Yasumitsu , Osada Hiroyuki , Kagaya Noritaka , Shin-ya Kazuo , Kimura Hiroshi , Yoshida Minoru , Murakami Shingo , Kondo Yutaka 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Dysregulation of enhancer of zeste homologue 2 (EZH2), a methyltransferase component of polycomb repressive complex 2, is found in many types of cancers especially those that are highly progressive and aggressive. Specific catalytic inhibitors of EZH2 have high anti-tumour activity, particularly in lymphomas with EZH2 activating mutations. However, the clinical benefits of EZH2 catalytic inhibitors in tumours overexpressing EZH2 are still limited. Here, we identified NPD13668, a novel modulator of EZH2-mediated gene silencing, from 329,049 small chemical compounds using a cell-based high-throughput screening assay. NPD13668 reactivated the expression of silenced H3K27me3 target genes together with depletion of the H3K27me3 modification. In addition, NPD13668 repressed the cell growth of prostate cancer cell lines (PC3 and LNCaP) and ovarian cancer cell lines (SKOV3 and NIH-OVCAR3). NPD13668 partially inhibited the methyltransferase activity of EZH2 in vitro. Genome-wide expression analysis revealed that after NPD13668 treatment, about half of the upregulated genes overlapped with genes upregulated after treatment with GSK126, well-known EZH2 catalytic inhibitor, indicating that NPD13668 is a potential modulator of EZH2 methyltransferase activity. Our data demonstrated that targeting the pharmacological inhibition of EZH2 activity by NPD13668 might be a novel cancer treatment.
Can Bureaucrats Really Be Paid Like Ceos? Substitution Between Incentives and Resources Among School Administrators in China
Authors: Luo Renfu , Miller Grant , Rozelle Scott , Sylvia Sean , Vera-Hernández Marcos 
Published: January 2019

AbstractUnlike performance incentives for private sector managers, little is known about performance incentives for managers in public sector bureaucracies. Through a randomized trial in rural China, we study performance incentives rewarding school administrators for reducing student anemia—as well as complementarity between incentives and orthogonally assigned discretionary resources. Large (but not small) incentives and unrestricted grants both reduced anemia, but incentives were more cost-effective. Although unrestricted grants and small incentives do not interact, grants fully crowd-out the effect of larger incentives. Our findings suggest that performance incentives can be effective in bureaucratic environments, but they are not complementary to discretionary resources.
Good Booms, Bad Booms
Authors: Gorton Gary , Ordoñez Guillermo 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Credit booms are not rare, some end in a crisis (bad booms) whereas others do not (good booms). We document that credit booms start with an increase in productivity growth, which subsequently falls faster during bad booms. We develop a model in which a crisis happens when a credit boom transits toward an information regime with careful examination of collateral. As this examination is more valuable when collateral backs projects with low productivity, crises are more likely during booms that display larger productivity declines. We test the main predictions of the model and identify the default probability as the main component of measured productivity that lies behind crises.