bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La notion de « peuple » dans le Quichotte
Authors: Borrego Manuel 
Published: July 2018

Même si la notion de « peuple » n’apparaît pas très fréquemment dans Don Quichotte, son étude permet d’en tirer au moins deux leçons. En premier, que le discours politique nourrissant un certain nombre de chapitres du roman contient une intéressante réflexion sur les rapports entre les gouvernants et le peuple. En effet, le peuple ne serait pas compris dans ce texte de la manière dont le faisaient bon nombre d’écrivains politiques de l´époque ; c’est-à-dire, comme s’il ne s’agissait que d’une masse irrationnelle qu’un pouvoir très éloigné devait traiter à l’aune de son inculture et de son manque de lucidité. Les conversations entre don Quichotte et Sancho montrent plutôt la nécessité qu’a le gouvernant de tout mettre en œuvre pour être apprécié du peuple – tout particulièrement d’un point de vue moral – au risque, autrement, de perdre son pouvoir. Le deuxième enseignement serait que Cervantès n’a eu de cesse de s’intéresser, en tant qu’humaniste et homme de lettres, à la partie la moins cultivée de ses lecteurs. Il considérait que les écrivains avaient le devoir de contribuer à la culture et à la moralité du plus grand nombre, alors que ceux qu’il critique – ou qui sont critiqués par certains de ses personnages – prenaient l’option, plus facile et profitable, de s’adapter à leur public et lui servir ce qu’il appelle des « marchandises à vendre ».
La société rioplatense et la place du peuple indigène durant le XIXe siècle
Authors: Gómez Gérard 
Published: July 2018

La région du Río de la Plata – qui est par la suite devenue l’Argentine – obtint son indépendance en 1816. Elle fut marquée par l’ascendance culturelle et par les revendications des peuples autochtones qui tentèrent de faire partie du processus de formation de l’État-nation. Reconnus au départ par l’élite de la Revolución de Mayo, ils furent par la suite sévèrement critiqués, voire exploités, par la generación del 37. Les indigènes durent faire face tout au long du XIXe siècle à différents concepts qui ont mis en exergue des thèmes tels que la « frontière », le « territoire » et la « nation ». Ces concepts furent associés dans une même perspective et eurent pour seul et unique objectif d’écarter l’Indien du « progrès » de la nation argentine, influencée par le positivisme et par la pensée évolutionniste darwiniste. Cela déboucha sur la Conquista del desierto et sur un des plus importants génocides connus en Amérique latine.
« Peuple », utopie révolutionnaire et construction des nations dans l’Amérique hispanique
Authors: Guicharnaud-Tollis Michèle 
Published: July 2018

Cette réflexion sur le concept de « pueblo » dans l’Amérique hispanique se centre sur l’étude diachronique de ses occurrences dans différents discours et divers pays hispano-américains, du début du XIXe au XXIe siècle. À travers des discours foncièrement utopiques, l’élite des grands Libérateurs et idéologues du XIXe siècle cherchèrent à lisser les clivages socio-ethniques. À l’opposé, d’autres ne voyaient dans le « bas peuple », qu’une masse inerte, que seules les Lumières européennes seraient capables de civiliser. Sur ce terreau idéologique s’est construit au XXe siècle un discours dynamique fondé sur l’utopie révolutionnaire d’inspiration marxiste. Puis les discours populistes ont pris le relais en perpétuant l’illusion de cette utopie. L’analyse diachronique montre donc un concept de « peuple » en constante évolution.
Complémentarité des systèmes de production et de régulation : une mise en évidence par la télémédecine
Authors: Gallois Florence , Rauly Amandine 
Published: July 2018

La télémédecine est une pratique médicale réalisée à distance au moyen de technologies de l’information et de la communication. Cet article propose un cadre analytique qui permet de discuter la façon dont cette forme de soins émergente s’insère dans le système de santé et en modifie la régulation. Dans une première partie, nous caractérisons le système de santé. Pour cela, nous développons un cadre permettant de rendre compte des articulations entre les différents systèmes qui composent le système de la santé. Dans une seconde partie, nous caractérisons la manière dont le système de télémédecine s’insère en leur sein. Nous pointons, dans une dernière partie, le fait que la régulation du système de santé repose sur la complémentarité productive entre deux sous-systèmes constitutifs du système de santé : le système du soin et celui du care. La performance du système de santé tient alors à un transfert de la production d’un système vers l’autre, transfert qui est rendu possible par une reconfiguration des places occupées par les ordres économique, politique et domestique dans le système.
Perceived readiness for hospital discharge: Patients with spinal cord injury versus physiotherapists
Authors: Du Plessis Marliza , McGaffin Cassandra R. , Molepo Thamsanqa , Oelofse Roleen , Van Zyl Susan , Mashola Mokgadi K. 
Published: July 2018

Background: Successful discharge from rehabilitation for patients with spinal cord injury (PWSCI) relies on a smooth transition home. Assessing readiness for hospital discharge (RHD) is important in reducing secondary health conditions and improving satisfaction and function. Perception of PWSCI on RHD may be different from their physiotherapists, leading to difficulties.Objective: To compare the perceptions of PWSCI and physiotherapists with regard to RHD.Method: A comparative cross-sectional study included 50 PWSCI and their physiotherapists in Tshwane. They completed the Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale (RHDS) and their responses to the subscales were compared. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Relationships between variables of interest and the general perception of RHD were determined using Pearson’s chi-square test. An independent samples t-test was used to analyse the difference in RHDS scores (including subscale scores) between PWSCI and physiotherapists. Results were significant if p < 0.05.Results: The total score of the RHDS was not significantly different (t = 1.31, df = 98, p = 0.19). Patients had higher perceptions in coping ability and expected support subscales (t = 3.15, df = 85.97, p = 0.002 and t = 4.23, df = 98, p = 0.0001, respectively). Physiotherapists had higher perceptions in the knowledge subscale regarding what to do and not do at home (t = -2.05, df = 82.08, p = 0.044) and follow-up sessions (t = 2.625, df = 85.28, p = 0.010).Conclusion: There was no difference in perception of readiness to go home, although physiotherapists gave lower scores for emotional readiness and ability to handle demands at home and higher scores for knowledge.Clinical implications: The use of the RHDS in the spinal cord rehabilitation units will better align the goals of rehabilitation and discharge planning to improve overall satisfaction with care and discharge outcomes. All members of a multidisciplinary team can achieve consensus and comparisons can be made on their patient’s perceived RHD.
Social media and religion: Missiological perspective on the link between Facebook and the emergence of prophetic churches in southern Africa
Authors: Kgatle Mookgo S. 
Published: July 2018

Recent works on social media and religion have paid particular attention to the role of social media in the development of religious values, improvement of social values and gratification of faith-based content by using various methodologies. A missiological perspective or approach to social media and religion will assist in exploring the role of Facebook in the emergence of prophetic churches. The background of prophetic churches is discussed here to demonstrate the growth of these churches and how such growth is linked to the use of Facebook. The shortcomings of the use of Facebook are highlighted and recommendations are made on how such shortcomings can be addressed in future.Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: The article demonstrates the link between social media and religion on one hand and a link between Facebook and the emergence of prophetic churches on the other.
Harmonisation and trends of 20-year tropical tropospheric ozone data
Authors: Leventidou Elpida , Weber Mark , Eichmann Kai-Uwe , Burrows John P. , Heue Klaus-Peter , Thompson Anne M. , Johnson Bryan J. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Using a convective-cloud differential (CCD) method, developed in-house and applied to retrievals of total ozone and cloud data from three European satellite instruments (viz. GOME/ERS-2, 1995–2003; SCIAMACHY/Envisat, 2002–2012 and GOME-2/MetOp-A, 2007–2015), monthly mean tropical tropospheric columns of ozone (TTCO) have been retrieved, which are in good agreement with ozonesondes (biases less than 6 DU). As small differences in TTCO between the individual instruments were evident, it was necessary to develop a scheme to harmonise the three datasets into one consistent time series starting from 1996 until 2015. Correction offsets (biases) between the instruments using SCIAMACHY as intermediate reference have been calculated and six different harmonisation or merging scenarios have been evaluated. Depending on the merging approach, the magnitude, pattern and uncertainty in the trends strongly vary. The harmonisation or merging represents an additional source of uncertainty in the trends (2 DU decade−1 on average, in most of the cases exceeding the uncertainty from the regression). For studying further details on tropospheric ozone trends on various spatial scales in the tropics, we stick with one preferred merged dataset that shows best agreement with ozonesondes. In this merged dataset, no correction was applied for GOME, and mean biases with respect to SCIAMACHY in the overlapping period (2007–2012) were calculated and applied for GOME-2 in each grid box (2.5°  × 5°). In contrast with other studies we found that the tropospheric trend averaged over the tropics (−15° S to 15° N) is not statistically significant. The mean tropospheric ozone trend equals −0.2 ± 0.6 DU decade−1 (2σ). Regionally, tropospheric ozone has a statistically significant increase of  ∼  3 DU decade−1 over southern Africa ( ∼ 1.5 % yr−1), the southern tropical Atlantic ( ∼ 1.5 % yr−1), southeastern tropical Pacific Ocean ( ∼ 1 % yr−1), and central Oceania ( ∼ 2 % yr−1) and by  ∼ 2 DU decade−1 over central Africa (2–2.5 % yr−1) and south India ( ∼ 1.5 % yr−1). On the other hand, tropospheric O3 decreases by  ∼ 3 DU decade−1 over the Caribbean Sea and parts of the North Pacific Ocean ( ∼ 2 % yr−1), and by less than 2 DU decade−1 over some regions of the southern Pacific and Indian oceans ( ∼ 0.5–1 % yr−1).
Morphological features and mixing states of soot-containing particles in the marine boundary layer over the Indian and Southern oceans
Authors: Ueda Sayako , Osada Kazuo , Hara Keiichiro , Yabuki Masanori , Hashihama Fuminori , Kanda Jota 
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Mixing states of soot-containing aerosol particles
constitute important information for the simulation of climatic effects of
black carbon in the atmosphere. To elucidate the mixing states and
morphological features of soot-containing particles over remote oceans, we
conducted on-board observations over the southern Indian Ocean and the
Southern Ocean during the TR/V Umitaka-maru UM-08-09 cruise, which started
from Benoa, Indonesia, on 1 December 2008 via Cape Town, South Africa, and
which terminated in Fremantle, Australia, on 6 February 2009. The light
absorption coefficients of size-segregated particles (< 0.5 and
< 1.0 µm diameter) and aerosol number concentrations
(0.1–0.5 µm diameter) were measured to assist direct aerosol sampling.
Size-segregated aerosol particles were collected for chemical analysis using
ion chromatography. For transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses
using water-dialysis methods, dried submicrometer aerosol particles were
collected using a cascade impactor. We analyzed 13 TEM samples. Results of
water-dialysis analysis demonstrate that most particles were water-soluble.
However, for all TEM samples, particles were rarely found (2.1 % of
particles on a TEM sample at a maximum) containing insoluble residuals
with the characteristic soot shape. For samples collected over the Indian
and Southern oceans at latitudes less than 62∘ S, some
(20–35 %) soot-containing particles were found as bare soot. For samples
collected near the Antarctic coast (65–68∘ S, 38–68∘ E),
all soot-containing particles were mixed with water-soluble materials.
Furthermore, 56 % of soot-containing particles had a satellite structure
formed by the impact of droplets such as sulfuric acid. Chemical analysis of
submicrometer particles near the Antarctic coast revealed high
concentrations of non-sea-salt (nss) SO42- and
CH3SO3-, suggesting that aged soot-containing particles were
transformed by soluble materials derived from dimethyl sulfide (DMS) oxidation. The obtained
information of soot at various remote ocean areas is expected to be useful
to understand long-range transport processes and to improve simulations of
global soot concentration.
In situ observation of atmospheric oxygen and carbon dioxide in the North Pacific using a cargo ship
Authors: Hoshina Yu , Tohjima Yasunori , Katsumata Keiichi , Machida Toshinobu , Nakaoka Shin-ichiro 
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Atmospheric oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) variations in the
North Pacific were measured aboard a cargo ship, the New Century 2
(NC2), while it cruised between Japan and the United States between
December 2015 and November 2016. A fuel cell analyzer and a nondispersive
infrared analyzer were used for the measurement of O2 and
CO2, respectively. To achieve parts-per-million precision for the
O2 measurements, we precisely controlled the flow rates of the
sample and reference air introduced into the analyzers and the outlet
pressure. A relatively low airflow rate (10 cm3 min−1) was
adopted to reduce the consumption rate of the reference gases. In the
laboratory, the system achieved measurement precisions of 3.8 per meg for
δ(O2 ∕ N2), which is commonly used to express
atmospheric O2 variation, and 0.1 ppm for the CO2 mole
fraction. After the in situ observation started aboard NC2, we found that
the ship's motion caused false wavy variations in the O2 signal
with an amplitude of more than several tens of ppm and a period of about
20 s. Although we have not resolved the problem at this stage, hourly
averaging considerably suppressed the variation associated with ship motion.
Comparison between the in situ observation and flask sampling of air
samples aboard NC2 showed that the averaged differences (in situ–flask)
and the standard deviations (±1σ) are −2.8 ± 9.4 per meg
for δ(O2 ∕ N2) and −0.02 ± 0.33 ppm
for the CO2 mole fraction. We compared 1 year of in situ data for
atmospheric potential oxygen (APO; O2 +1.1×CO2)
obtained from the broad middle-latitude region
(140∘ E–130∘ W, 29∘ N–45∘ N) with
previous flask sampling data from the North Pacific. This comparison showed
that longitudinal differences in the seasonal amplitude of APO, ranging from
51 to 73 per meg, were smaller than the latitudinal differences.
Leaf phenology as one important driver of seasonal changes in isoprene emissions in central Amazonia
Authors: Alves Eliane G. , Tóta Julio , Turnipseed Andrew , Guenther Alex B. , Vega Bustillos José Oscar W. , Santana Raoni A. , Cirino Glauber G. , Tavares Julia V. , Lopes Aline P. , Nelson Bruce W. , de Souza Rodrigo A. , Gu Dasa , Stavrakou Trissevgeni , Adams David K. , Wu Jin , Saleska Scott , Manzi Antonio O. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Isoprene fluxes vary seasonally with changes in environmental factors (e.g.,
solar radiation and temperature) and biological factors (e.g., leaf
phenology). However, our understanding of the seasonal patterns of isoprene
fluxes and the associated mechanistic controls is still limited, especially in
Amazonian evergreen forests. In this paper, we aim to connect intensive,
field-based measurements of canopy isoprene flux over a central Amazonian
evergreen forest site with meteorological observations and with tower-mounted camera leaf phenology to improve our understanding of patterns and causes
of isoprene flux seasonality. Our results demonstrate that the highest
isoprene emissions are observed during the dry and dry-to-wet transition
seasons, whereas the lowest emissions were found during the wet-to-dry
transition season. Our results also indicate that light and temperature cannot totally explain isoprene flux seasonality. Instead, the camera-derived
leaf area index (LAI) of recently mature leaf age class (e.g., leaf ages of
3–5 months) exhibits the highest correlation with observed isoprene flux
seasonality (R2=0.59, p<0.05). Attempting to better represent
leaf phenology in the Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature
(MEGAN 2.1), we improved the leaf age algorithm by utilizing results from the
camera-derived leaf phenology that provided LAI categorized into three
different leaf ages. The model results show that the observations of
age-dependent isoprene emission capacity, in conjunction with camera-derived
leaf age demography, significantly improved simulations in terms of seasonal
variations in isoprene fluxes (R2=0.52, p<0.05). This study
highlights the importance of accounting for differences in isoprene emission
capacity across canopy leaf age classes and identifying forest adaptive
mechanisms that underlie seasonal variation in isoprene emissions in
Amazonia.
Preliminary study on phosphate solubilizingBacillus subtilisstrain Q3 andPaenibacillussp. strain Q6 for improving cotton growth under alkaline conditions
Authors: Ahmad Maqshoof , Ahmad Iqra , Hilger Thomas H. , Nadeem Sajid M. , Akhtar Muhammad F. , Jamil Moazzam , Hussain Azhar , Zahir Zahir A. 
Published: July 2018

BackgroundLow phosphorus availability limits crop production in alkaline calcareous soils in semi-arid regions including Pakistan. Phosphate solubilizing bacteria may improve crop growth on alkaline calcareous soils due to their ability to enhance P availability.MethodsTwenty rhizobacterial isolates (Q1–Q20) were isolated from rhizosphere of cotton and characterized for their growth promoting attributesin vitro. The selected phosphate solubilizing isolates were further screened for their ability to improve cotton growth under axenic conditions (jar trial). The phosphorus solubilization capacities of selected strains were quantified and these strains were identified through 16S rDNA sequencing.ResultsIsolates Q2, Q3, Q6, Q7, Q8, Q13 and Q14 were able to solubilize phosphate from insoluble sources. Most of these isolates also possessed other traits including catalase activity and ammonia production. The growth promotion assay showed that Q3 was significantly better than most of the other isolates followed by Q6. Maximum root colonization (4.34 × 106cfu g−1) was observed in case of isolate Q6 followed by Q3. The phosphorus solubilization capacities of these strains were quantified, showing a maximum phosphorus solubilization by Q3 (optical density 2.605 ± 0.06) followed by the Q6 strain. The strain Q3 was identified asBacillus subtilis(accession #KX788864) and Q6 asPaenibacillussp. (accession #KX788865) through 16S rDNA sequencing.DiscussionThe bacterial isolates varied in their abilities for different growth promoting traits. The selected PGPRBacillus subtilisstrain Q3 andPaenibacillussp. strain Q6 have multifarious growth promoting traits including ability to grow at higher EC and pH levels, and phosphorus solubilizing ability. These strains can efficiently colonize cotton roots under salt affected soils and help plants in phosphorus nutrition. It is concluded that both strains are potential candidates for promoting cotton growth under alkaline conditions, however further investigation is required to determine their potential for field application.
РЕАЛИЗАЦИЯ ПРАВА ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛЬНОЙ ИНИЦИАТИВЫ В СОВРЕМЕННОЙ РОССИИ: ПРАВОВАЯ РЕГЛАМЕНТАЦИЯ, ПРОБЛЕМЫ, ПРАКТИКА, "Государство и право"
Authors: Арзамасов Ю. Г. 
Published: July 2018

Статья посвящена рассмотрению нормативной основы и реализации конституционного права законодательной инициативы в современной России. Исследуются проблемы понимания права законодательной инициативы, приводится официальная позиция по этому вопросу, выраженная в ст. 107 Регламента Государственной Думы. Отмечается, что в российском законодательном процессе данное право корреспондируется законодательной обязанностью Государственной Думы рассмотреть данный законопроект, представленные с ним документы и принять соответствующее решение. Сделан вывод, что право законодательной инициативы осуществляется неоднородно, поскольку Государственная Дума принимает разные по юридической силе законы. Дискутируется вопрос, с какого момента начинается стадия законодательной инициативы. При этом приводятся точки зрения как отечественных, так и зарубежных авторов. Делается вывод, что реальный объем полномочий субъектов, обладающих в России правом законодательной инициативы, не одинаков, так как зависит от политического и юридического статуса субъектов конституционных правоотношений. Дискутируется проблема субъектного состава лиц, обладающих правом законодательной инициативы, который определен ст. 104 Конституции России. Автор приходит к выводу о расширении субъектного состава лиц, обладающих правом законодательной инициативы в современной России, в который кроме Генерального прокурора следует внести Уполномоченного по правам человека и гражданина, а также положительно зарекомендовавшие себя крупные общественные организации. Отмечается, что лучшей формой, в которой будут закреплены нормы, регламентирующие право законодательной инициативы, является Федеральный закон “О нормативных правовых актах в Российской Федерации”.
РОЛЬ МЕТОДОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ КОНЦЕПЦИИ И.А. ИЛЬИНА В ЮРИДИЧЕСКОМ ПОЗНАНИИ, "Государство и право"
Authors: Поскачина М. Н. 
Published: July 2018

В настоящей статье рассматривается методологическая концепция И.А.?Ильина и раскрывается ее общетеоретический характер, направленный на обоснование разных способов изучения права.
CCL2 and CXCL10 are associated with poor outcome after intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Landreneau Margaret J. , Mullen Michael T. , Messé Steven R. , Cucchiara Brett , Sheth Kevin N. , McCullough Louise D. , Kasner Scott E. , Sansing Lauren H. ,   the Serum Markers After Spontaneous Cerebral Hemorrhage (SMASCH) Investigators
Published: July 2018

AbstractObjectiveIntracerebral hemorrhage carries a high mortality and survivors are frequently left with significant disability. Immunological mechanisms may play an important role in hemorrhage‐induced brain injury, however, research linking these mechanisms with clinical outcome remains limited. We aim to identify serum inflammatory mediators that are associated with outcome after intracerebral hemorrhage in order to translate data from experimental models to a patient cohort and identify potential targets worthy of reverse translation.MethodsA prospective cohort study at two comprehensive stroke centers enrolled patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Peripheral blood was collected at 6, 24, and 72 h from onset. Functional outcome was assessed at 90 days using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Serum inflammatory mediators were measured using multiplex ELISA. Multivariable modeling identified serum biomarkers independently associated with functional outcome at 90 days.Results115 patients completed the study. At 6 h after onset, patients with elevated CCL2 had worse mRS score at day 90 (OR 4.07, 95% CI 1.27–13.10, P = 0.02) after adjusting for age, gender, ICH volume, IVH, infratentorial location and NIHSS score. At 24 and 72 h after onset, elevation in CXCL10 was independently associated with worse 90 days mRS score (24 h: OR 8.08, 95% CI 2.69–24.30, P < 0.001; 72 h: OR 3.89, 95% CI 1.12–13.49, P = 0.03).InterpretationAcute and subacute elevations in specific immune factors are associated with poor outcome, highlighting potential pathways that may contribute to ongoing brain injury in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.