bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recovery of respiratory function and autonomic diaphragm movement following unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve to phrenic nerve anastomosis in rabbits
Authors: Wen Junxiang , Han Yingchao , Guo Song , Yang Mingjie , Li Lijun , Sun Guixin , Wang Jun , Hu Fangqiong , Liang Jing , Wei Li , Zhou Qi , Zhang Weibin , Tan Jun 
Published: July 2018

OBJECTIVERespiratory dysfunction is the leading cause of mortality following upper cervical spinal cord injury (SCI). The authors’ previous study suggested that vagus nerve (VN) and phrenic nerve (PN) anastomosis could partially improve respiratory function in rabbits that had been subjected to PN transection. As a branch of the VN and a motor fiber–dominated nerve, the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) seems a better choice to anastomose with the PN for respiratory function restoration after upper cervical SCI. This study was designed to determine whether RLN-PN anastomosis could restore the respiratory function after upper cervical SCI in rabbits.METHODSTwelve male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups: 1) sham group (no injury), 2) transection group (right RLN and PN were transected), and 3) bridge group (transected right RLN and PN were immediately anastomosed). Spontaneous discharges of the RLN and PN were compared using a bio-signal collection system. RLN and PN cross sections were stained for acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and the numbers of motor fibers were compared. Three months after the initial surgical procedures, the movement of the diaphragm was assessed using a digital subtraction angiography (DSA) system, and discharges from the right diaphragm muscle were recorded. Toluidine blue staining, electron microscopy, and staining for AChE were used to assess whether motor fibers from the RLN regenerated into the PN, and sections of diaphragm were examined after AChE staining to assess the motor endplates.RESULTSBoth the RLN and PN exhibited highly rhythmic discharges, synchronized with respiration, and most fibers in the RLN and PN were found to be motor fibers. Numerous myelinated fibers were observed in anastomosed PN using toluidine blue staining and electron microscopy. Staining for AChE showed that those regenerated fibers had typical characteristics of motor fibers, and motor endplates with typical morphological characteristics were observed in the diaphragm. Reestablished rhythmic contraction of the hemidiaphragm was directly observed using the DSA system, and rhythmic spontaneous discharge was recorded from the reinnervated hemidiaphragm using the bio-signal collection system.CONCLUSIONSMotor fibers from the RLN could regenerate into the PN after end-to-end anastomosis and reinnervate the denervated hemidiaphragm in rabbits. Those regenerated motor fibers restored rhythmic and autonomic movement of the paralyzed diaphragm. These results suggest that the RLN is an optimal donor nerve to anastomose with the PN in order to reestablish the autonomic movement of paralyzed diaphragms after high-level SCI.
Use of the Airo mobile intraoperative CT system versus the O-arm for transpedicular screw fixation in the thoracic and lumbar spine: a retrospective cohort study of 263 patients
Authors: Scarone Pietro , Vincenzo Gabriele , Distefano Daniela , Del Grande Filippo , Cianfoni Alessandro , Presilla Stefano , Reinert Michael 
Published: July 2018

OBJECTIVENavigation-enabling technology such as 3D-platform (O-arm) or intraoperative mobile CT (iCT-Airo) systems for use in spinal surgery has considerably improved accuracy over that of traditional fluoroscopy-guided techniques during pedicular screw positioning. In this study, the authors compared 2 intraoperative imaging systems with navigation, available in their neurosurgical unit, in terms of the accuracy they provided for transpedicular screw fixation in the thoracic and lumbar spine.METHODSThe authors performed a retrospective analysis of clinical and surgical data of 263 consecutive patients who underwent thoracic and lumbar spine screw placement in the same center. Data on 97 patients who underwent surgery with iCT-Airo navigation (iCT-Airo group) and 166 with O-arm navigation (O-arm group) were analyzed. Most patients underwent surgery for a degenerative or traumatic condition that involved thoracic and lumbar pedicle screw fixation using an open or percutaneous technique. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with at least 1 screw not correctly positioned according to the last intraoperative image. Secondary endpoints were the proportion of screws that were repositioned during surgery, the proportion of patients with a postoperative complication related to screw malposition, surgical time, and radiation exposure. A blinded radiologist graded screw positions in the last intraoperative image according to the Heary classification (grade 1–3 screws were considered correctly placed).RESULTSA total of 1361 screws placed in 97 patients in the iCT-Airo group (503 screws) and in 166 in the O-arm group (858 screws) were graded. Of those screws, 3 (0.6%) in the iCT-Airo group and 4 (0.5%) in the O-arm group were misplaced. No statistically significant difference in final accuracy between these 2 groups or in the subpopulation of patients who underwent percutaneous surgery was found. Three patients in the iCT-Airo group (3.1%, 95% CI 0%–6.9%) and 3 in the O-arm group (1.8%, 95% CI 0%–4.0%) had a misplaced screw (Heary grade 4 or 5). Seven (1.4%) screws in the iCT-Airo group and 37 (4.3%) in the O-arm group were repositioned intraoperatively (p = 0.003). One patient in the iCT-Airo group and 2 in the O-arm group experienced postoperative neurological deficits related to hardware malposition. The mean surgical times in both groups were similar (276 [iCT-Airo] and 279 [O-arm] minutes). The mean exposure to radiation in the iCT-Airo group was significantly lower than that in the O-arm group (15.82 vs 19.12 mSv, respectively; p = 0.02).CONCLUSIONSIntroduction of a mobile CT scanner reduced the rate of screw repositioning, which enhanced patient safety and diminished radiation exposure for patients, but it did not improve overall accuracy compared to that of a mobile 3D platform.
A systematic review of endoscopic versus open treatment of craniosynostosis. Part 2: the nonsagittal single sutures
Authors: Yan Han , Abel Taylor J. , Alotaibi Naif M. , Anderson Melanie , Niazi Toba N. , Weil Alexander G. , Fallah Aria , Phillips John H. , Forrest Christopher R. , Kulkarni Abhaya V. , Drake James M. , Ibrahim George M. 
Published: July 2018

OBJECTIVEDespite increasing adoption of endoscopic techniques for repair of nonsagittal single-suture craniosynostosis, the efficacy and safety of the procedure relative to established open approaches are unknown. In this systematic review the authors aimed to directly compare open surgical and endoscope-assisted techniques for the treatment of metopic, unilateral coronal, and lambdoid craniosynostosis, with an emphasis on quantitative reported outcomes.METHODSA literature search was performed in compliance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Relevant articles were identified from 3 electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL [Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials]) from their inception to August 2017. The quality of methodology and bias risk were assessed using the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies.RESULTSOf 316 screened records, 7 studies were included in a qualitative synthesis of the evidence, of which none were eligible for meta-analysis. These reported on 111 unique patients with metopic, 65 with unilateral coronal, and 12 with lambdoid craniosynostosis. For all suture types, 100 (53%) children underwent endoscope-assisted craniosynostosis surgery and 32 (47%) patients underwent open repair. These studies all suggest that blood loss, transfusion rate, operating time, and length of hospital stay were superior for endoscopically treated children. Although potentially comparable or better cosmetic outcomes are reported, the paucity of evidence and considerable variability in outcomes preclude meaningful conclusions.CONCLUSIONSLimited data comparing open and endoscopic treatments for metopic, unilateral coronal, and lambdoid synostosis suggest a benefit for endoscopic techniques with respect to blood loss, transfusion, length of stay, and operating time. This report highlights shortcomings in evidence and gaps in knowledge regarding endoscopic repair of nonsagittal single-suture craniosynostosis, emphasizing the need for further matched-control studies.
Национально-стилевая идентификация армянской оперы на примере оперы А.Тиграняна «Ануш».
Authors: Arutyunyan Gayane 
Published: July 2018

Целью статьи является выявление принципов творческого мышления, характерных для национального армянского стиля в опере А. Тиграняна «Ануш». Методология статьи заключается в источниковедческом, аналитическом и стилевом подходах. Научная новизна состоит в применении стилевого подхода к малоисследованной в современной научной литературе опере А.Тиграняна «Ануш». Выводы. Опера А. Тиграняна «Ануш» является ярким образцом проявления национального стиля в музыке. Ее интонационная основа базируется на типичных для народной армянской музыки мелодических оборотах, жанрах и песенных формах. При этом композитор не прибегает к заимствованию фольклорного материала, а наоборот, глубоко проникнувшись им, воссоздает собственные авторские образцы. Сюжет и драматургия оперы затрагивают близкие для армянского быта, исторически достоверные проблемы. Благодаря этому жанр оперы «Ануш» можно определить реалистическую музыкальную драму. С другой стороны, интонационная составляющая музыкального материала позволяют ее обозначить как жанрово-бытовую оперу. Завершающую роль в формировании национального начала данной оперы сыграли исторические обстоятельства, в которых она была создана.Ключевые слова: национальный стиль, армянская опера, армянский стиль, А. Тигранян, опера «Ануш».
Композиторські інструментальні стилі в музиці до драматичних вистав (на прикладі творчості вітчизняних композиторів другої половини хх ст.)
Authors: Olendarev Anton 
Published: July 2018

Метою статті є встановлення закономірностей інструментального мислення І. Шамо, В. Рождественського, М. Скорика в музиці до драматичних вистав. Методологія: у статті застосовано аналітичний, жанровий, інтонаційний, стильовий та системний підходи. Наукова новизна: у статті вивчаються особливості інструментальних стилів провідних вітчизняних композиторів ХХ ст. – В. Рождественського, І. Шамо, М. Скорика – в контексті музики до драматичних вистав. Висновки: на основі зробленого аналізу можна стверджувати, що ці композитори проявили себе як майстри з чітко визначеним власними інструментальними стилями. Стрижнем цього слід вважати постійне намагання індивідуалізувати, перш за все, виконавський склад. Базою для того виступає великий симфонічний оркестр парного складу, «адаптований» для потреб і можливостей драматичного театру.Ключові слова: театр, музика, оркестр, інструментарій, інструментальний стиль, українські композитори.
Принцип сонатности как музыкально-исполнительский феномен	в фортепианном творчестве Л. Бетховена
Authors: Pean Sun 
Published: July 2018

Цель работы – раскрыть содержание и значение принципа сонатности как музыкально-исполнительского явления в фортепианном творчестве Л. Бетховена. Методология исследования предполагает единство текстологического и аналитического музыковедческого подходов, усиление интерпретативного исполнительского ракурса изучения жанровой формы в музыке. Научная новизна определяется превалированием исполнительского подхода и выделением на его основе категории сонатности как специфического принципа фортепианного (пианистического) мышления. Впервые предлагается сопоставление явлений композиторской и исполнительской игровой полистилистики, разрабатывается понятие исполнительской сонатной семантики. Выводы. Фортепианные сонаты Л. Бетховена знаменуют вершинное положение в развитии принципа сонатности и выражении игровой логики сонатной композиции. Они аккумулируют те исполнительские приемы и средства выразительности, которые специфичны именно для сонатного способа фактурного изложения и временного становления, определяют весь основной круг специфического музыкально-тематического содержания фортепианной сонаты как жанровой формы, значение сонатного типа мышления в фортепианной музыке и фортепианном исполнительстве. Ключевые слова: фортепианная соната, принцип сонатности, игровая логика сонаты, сонатное мышление, музыкально-тематическое содержания, фортепианное мышление, семантическая программа сонатного жанра, сонаты Л. Бетховена.
The Use of Mobile Games to Assess Cognitive Function of Elderly with and without Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Bonnechère Bruno , Van Vooren Mélissa , Bier Jean-Christophe , De Breucker Sandra , Van Hove Olivier , Van Sint Jan Serge , Feipel Véronique , Jansen Bart 
Published: July 2018

Background: In the past few years numerous mobile games have been developed to train the brain. There is a lack of information about the relation between the scores obtained in these games and the cognitive abilities of the patients. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether or not mobile games can be used to assess cognitive abilities of elderly. Methods: Twenty healthy young adults, 29 old patients with cognitive impairments (Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) [ 20 – 24 ]) and 27-aged controls participated in this study. Scores obtained in 7 mobile games were correlated with MMSE and the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Evaluation revised (ACE-R). Results: Statistically significant differences were found for all games between patients with cognitive impairments and the aged controls. Correlations between the average scores of the games and the MMSE and ACE-R are significant (R = 0.72 [ p < 0.001] and R = 0.81 [ p < 0.001], respectively). Conclusion: Scores of cognitive mobile games could be used as an alternative to MMSE and ACE-R to evaluate cognitive function of aged people with and without cognitive impairment at least when MMSE is higher than 20/30.
Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy is a Well-Tolerated and Effective Treatment for the Long-Term Control of Intra-Abdominal and Retroperitoneal Oligometastatic Renal Cell Cancer
Authors: Maund Isabella , Bowzyk Al-Naeeb Anna , Welsh Sarah J. , Eisen Tim , Fife Kate 
Published: July 2018

Background: The use of conventionally fractionated intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in the management of oligometastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is currently poorly characterised in the literature. Objective: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of IMRT for intraabdominal and retroperitoneal RCC oligometastases. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 14 patients with oligometastatic RCC treated with IMRT with the aim of inducing long-term control. Indications for radiotherapy included bleeding abdominal mass (5 patients), solitary renal bed recurrence (5 patients) and isolated, asymptomatic pancreatic mass (4 patients). The prescribed radiotherapy dose was 50 Gray in 20 to 25 fractions. Patients were followed up long-term using regular cross-sectional imaging and clinical review to assess local and distant disease control and treatment related toxicity. Results: At median follow up of 33.5 (6–68) months, 12 patients remain alive (86%), of whom 11 (92%) have no evidence of local recurrence. Six patients (43%) developed further metastatic disease, of whom 4 (67%) received systemic treatment. Median duration of local control was 33.5 months, and 1- and 3-year overall survival (OS) was 92.9% and 85.7% respectively. No treatment-related toxicities ≥ grade 3 and no long-term sequelae were observed. Conclusions: IMRT to intra-abdominal and retroperitoneal metastasis in oligo-metastatic RCC can be delivered safely, provide durable responses and excellent longer-term survival if given to a sufficiently high dose over a conventionally fractionated course. Our study is the first to date with long-term follow up to evaluate the role of IMRT in such cases and has important implications for treatment of oligometastatic RCC.
Troubles du comportement et dysfonctionnement psychique chez des enfants de 5-6 ans suivis en milieu scolaire
Authors: Chaume Aurélie , Bénony Hervé , Jebrane Ahmed 
Published: July 2018

Pour rendre compte du profil psychologique d’enfants de 5-6 ans porteurs de troubles du comportement (n= 38), suivis en institution scolaire, nous avons eu recours à une approche clinique comparative. Basées sur une batterie de tests évaluant l’efficience intellectuelle (Matrices de Raven), le degré de perturbation (Liste de comportement pour enfants) et la qualité narrative (test semi-projectif « Attachment Story Completion Task »), les données de cette catégorie d’élèves ont été comparées à celles d’un groupe contrôle (n= 61). Nos résultats, en regard des normes cliniques propres à cet âge, rendent compte d’un fonctionnement psychique et de perturbations spécifiques. Notre discussion s’ouvre sur quelques pistes d’intervention pour cette population qui compte quelque 200 000 enfants en France.
Adolphe Landry, interprète original de la théorie quantitative de la monnaie
Authors: Nasica Eric , Gnos Claude 
Published: July 2018

Contrairement à d’autres dimensions de son œuvre académique et politique, l’analyse monétaire d’Adolphe Landry et sa vision particulière de la théorie quantitative de la monnaie n’ont pas eu d’influence majeure. Cet oubli est dommageable dans la mesure où la conception particulière et subtile qu’il propose de cette théorie mérite d’être réexaminée afin d’en mettre en relief les aspects les plus originaux. Pour ce faire, nous examinons successivement les analyses que Landry consacre à la théorie quantitative pour la défendre, puis pour la compléter. La défense par Landry de la théorie quantitative le conduit à en proposer une version subtile et nuancée présentant des aspects très originaux. Tout d’abord, dès ses premiers écrits, il rejette la dichotomie stricte entre marché monétaire et marché des biens et propose une conception dans laquelle les échanges sont nécessairement monétaires, ce qui le rapproche des idées défendues par des auteurs anti-quantitativistes (Section I). Le complément apporté à la théorie quantitative aboutit également à une analyse originale du processus de hausse des prix. Il y propose une version subtile du mécanisme de transmission de la quantité de monnaie au prix qui intègre une déformation de la structure des prix relatifs et des effets durables sur les variables réelles, c’est-à-dire une approche ouvrant la porte à la non-neutralité de la monnaie (Section II).
8. Une introduction aux théories critiques de la mondialisation capitaliste
Authors: Durand Cédric 
Published: July 2018

Au tournant du xxi e siècle, la mondialisation du capital s’est accompagnée d’un renouveau de la critique théorique. Le regain des approches marxistes prend alors trois principales directions que cet article propose d’introduire. La première lit la mondialisation comme l’expression du métabolisme capitaliste sans cesse à la recherche de nouvelles opportunités de profit pour contrecarrer ses tendances à la crise. La seconde analyse la mondialisation comme la maturation d’un projet politique de long terme porté par les États-Unis. Quant à la dernière, elle insiste sur la restructuration des relations de production qui accompagne l’intensification des flux commerciaux et financiers.
Les effets socialisateurs de la blessure : de l’érosion au renforcement des vocations athlétiques de haut niveau
Authors: Forté Lucie 
Published: July 2018

Cet article s’intéresse à la construction de l’expertise sportive chez les athlètes de haut niveau. Il se fonde sur un travail d’enquête qualitative portant sur la fabrique de l’excellence athlétique. Conçues comme des épreuves structurantes et déstructurantes dans la dynamique vocationnelle des carrières sportives de haut niveau, les blessures sont appréhendées en tant qu’expériences de socialisation dont les effets sont contrastés : bien qu’elles génèrent souvent des crises de vocation qui peuvent conduire à l’érosion du sentiment de vocation, dans certaines configurations bien spécifiques, les blessures permettent également de réactiver les marques de l’élection et de renforcer le sentiment de vivre une vie extraordinaire.
Temporal Requirement for Pulmonary Resident and Circulating T Cells during Virulent Francisella tularensis Infection
Authors: Roberts Lydia M. , Wehrly Tara D. , Ireland Robin M. , Crane Deborah D. , Scott Dana P. , Bosio Catharine M. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The lung is a complex organ with anatomically distinct pools of T cells that play specific roles in combating infection. Our knowledge regarding the generation and/or maintenance of immunity by parenchymal or circulating T cells has been gathered from either persistent (&gt;60 d) or rapidly cleared (&lt;10 d) infections. However, the roles of these distinct T cell pools in infections that are cleared over the course of several weeks are not understood. Clearance of the highly virulent intracellular bacterium Francisella tularensis subspecies tularensis (Ftt) following pulmonary infection of immune animals is a protracted T cell–dependent process requiring ∼30–40 d and serves as a model for infections that are not acutely controlled. Using this model, we found that intranasal vaccination increased the number of tissue-resident CD4+ effector T cells, and subsequent challenge of immune mice with Ftt led to a significant expansion of polyfunctional parenchymal CD4+ effector T cells compared with the circulating pool. Despite the dominant in vivo response by parenchymal CD4+ T cells after vaccination and challenge, circulating CD4+ T cells were superior at controlling intracellular Ftt replication in vitro. Further examination in vivo revealed temporal requirements for resident and circulating T cells during Ftt infection. These requirements were in direct contrast to other pulmonary infections that are cleared rapidly in immune animals. The data in this study provide important insights into the role of specific T cell populations that will be essential for the design of novel effective vaccines against tularemia and potentially other agents of pulmonary infection.