bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retrieval Practice or Overall Donor and Recipient Risk: What Impacts on Outcomes After Donation After Circulatory Death Liver Transplantation in the United Kingdom?
Authors: Boteon Amanda P. C. S. , Schlegel Andrea , Kalisvaart Marit , Boteon Yuri L. , Abradelo Manuel , Mergental Hynek , Roberts J. Keith , Mirza Darius F. , Perera M. Thamara P. R. , Isaac John R. , Muiesan Paolo 
Published: March 2019

Parameters of retrieval surgery are meticulously documented in the United Kingdom, where up to 40% of livers are donation after circulatory death (DCD) donations. This retrospective analysis focuses on outcomes after transplantation of DCD livers, retrieved by different UK centers between 2011 and 2016. Donor and recipient risk factors and the donor retrieval technique were assessed. A total of 236 DCD livers from 9 retrieval centers with a median UK DCD risk score of 5 (low risk) to 7 points (high risk) were compared. The majority used University of Wisconsin solution for aortic flush with a median hepatectomy time of 27‐44 minutes. The overall liver injury rate appeared relatively high (27.1%) with an observed tendency toward more retrieval injuries from centers performing a quicker hepatectomy. Among all included risk factors, the UK DCD risk score remained the best predictor for overall graft loss in the multivariate analysis (P < 0.001). In high‐risk and futile donor‐recipient combinations, the occurrence of liver retrieval injuries had negative impact on graft survival (P = 0.023). Expectedly, more ischemic cholangiopathies (P = 0.003) were found in livers transplanted with a higher cumulative donor‐recipient risk. Although more biliary complications with subsequent graft loss were found in high‐risk donor‐recipient combinations, the impact of the standardized national retrieval practice on outcomes after DCD liver transplantation was minimal.
On the structure of WDC sets
Authors: Pokorný Dušan , Rataj Jan , Zajíček Luděk 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWDC sets in were recently defined as sublevel sets of DC functions (differences of convex functions) at weakly regular values. They form a natural and substantial generalization of sets with positive reach and still admit the definition of curvature measures. Using results on singularities of convex functions, we obtain regularity results on the boundaries of WDC sets. In particular, the boundary of a compact WDC set can be covered by finitely many DC surfaces. More generally, we prove that any compact WDC set M of topological dimension can be decomposed into the union of two sets, one of them being a k‐dimensional DC manifold open in M, and the other can be covered by finitely many DC surfaces of dimension . We also characterize locally WDC sets among closed Lipschitz domains and among lower‐dimensional Lipschitz manifolds. Finally, we find a full characterization of locally WDC sets in the plane.
Two further patients with Warsaw breakage syndrome. Is a mild phenotype possible?
Authors: Bottega Roberta , Napolitano Luisa M. R. , Carbone Anna , Cappelli Enrico , Corsolini Fabio , Onesti Silvia , Savoia Anna , Gasparini Paolo , Faletra Flavio 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundWarsaw Breakage Syndrome (WABS) is an ultra rare cohesinopathy caused by biallelic mutation of DDX11 gene. It is clinically characterized by pre and postnatal growth delay, microcephaly, hearing loss with cochlear hypoplasia, skin color abnormalities, and dysmorphisms.MethodsMutational screening and functional analyses (protein expression and 3D‐modeling) were performed in order to investigate the presence and pathogenicity of DDX11 variant identified in our patients.ResultsWe report the clinical history of two sisters affected by WABS with a pathological mytomicin C test carrying compound heterozygous mutations (c.2507T > C / c.907_920del) of the DDX11 gene. The pathogenicity of this variant was confirmed in the light of a bioinformatic study and protein three‐dimensional modeling, as well as expression analysis.ConclusionThese findings further extend the clinical and molecular knowledge about the WABS showing a possible mild phenotype without major malformations or intellectual disability.
Luteolin Ameliorates Testis Injury and Blood–Testis Barrier Disruption through the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway and by Upregulating Cx43
Authors: Ma Bo , Zhang Jie , Zhu Zhiming , Zhao Ang , Zhou Yanfen , Ying Hanjie , Zhang Qi 
Published: March 2019

ScopeLuteolin, a natural flavonoid, displays protective activities to testicular tissue. However, the molecular mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, the aim is to identify the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of luteolin against triptolide (TP)‐induced damage of testicular tissue.Methods and resultsPre‐incubation of Sertoli cells (SCs) with luteolin results in a significant reduction of TP‐induced apoptotic cells, which occurs concomitantly with the effective inhibition of reactive oxygen species accumulation. Luteolin results in a significant reduction in testicular damage and spermatogenesis dysfunction in a mouse model of testicular damage. Mechanistic studies reveal that luteolin significantly triggers Nrf2 translocation, increases antioxidant response element‐luciferase reporter activity, and induces antioxidant enzyme expression. Nrf2 siRNA reduces luteolin‐induced protection in SCs. Besides inhibiting apoptosis, luteolin recovers the blood–testis barrier (BTB) integrity by upregulating connexin43 (Cx43) expression. Moreover, specifically blocked Cx43 activity completely blocks repairmen of luteolin to BTB values. In accordance with in vitro results, luteolin suppresses testicular injury and spermatogenesis dysfunction by activation of Nrf2 and Cx43 in a testicular injury model.ConclusionLuteolin is identified as a novel active ingredient that contributes to the protective activity in testicular damage through activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway and by upregulating Cx43.
NMR quantification of lactate production and efflux and glutamate fractional enrichment in living human prostate biopsies cultured with [1,6‐13C2]glucose
Authors: Bancroft Brown Jeremy , Sriram Renuka , VanCriekinge Mark , Delos Santos Romelyn , Sun Jinny , Delos Santos Justin , Tabatabai Z. Laura , Shinohara Katsuto , Nguyen Hao , Peehl Donna M. , Kurhanewicz John 
Published: March 2019

PurposeImage‐guided prostate biopsies are routinely acquired in the diagnosis and treatment monitoring of prostate cancer, yielding useful tissue for identifying metabolic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. We developed an optimized biopsy tissue culture protocol in combination with [1,6‐13C2]glucose labeling and quantitative high‐resolution NMR to measure glycolysis and tricarboxcylic acid (TCA) cycle activity in freshly acquired living human prostate biopsies.MethodsWe acquired 34 MRI‐ultrasound fusion‐guided prostate biopsies in vials on ice from 22 previously untreated patients. Within 15 min, biopsies were transferred to rotary tissue culture in 37°C prostate medium containing [1,6‐13C2]glucose. Following 24 h of culture, tissue lactate and glutamate pool sizes and fractional enrichments were quantified using quantitative 1H high resolution magic angle spinning Carr‐Purcell‐Meiboom‐Gill (CPMG) spectroscopy at 1°C with and without 13C decoupling. Lactate effluxed from the biopsy tissue was quantified in the culture medium using quantitative solution‐state high‐resolution NMR.ResultsLactate concentration in low‐grade cancer (1.15 ± 0.78 nmol/mg) and benign (0.74 ± 0.15 nmol/mg) biopsies agreed with prior published measurements of snap‐frozen biopsies. There was substantial fractional enrichment of [3‐13C]lactate (≈70%) and [4‐13C]glutamate (≈24%) in both low‐grade cancer and benign biopsies. Although a significant difference in tissue [3‐13C]lactate fractional enrichment was not observed, lactate efflux was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in low‐grade cancer biopsies (0.55 ± 0.14 nmol/min/mg) versus benign biopsies (0.31 ± 0.04 nmol/min/mg).ConclusionA protocol was developed for quantification of lactate production–efflux and TCA cycle activity in single living human prostate biopsies, allowing metabolic labeling on a wide spectrum of human tissues (e.g., metastatic, post‐non‐surgical therapy) from patients not receiving surgery.
Early detection of changes in phospholipid metabolism during neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients using phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 7T
Authors: Krikken Erwin , van der Kemp Wybe J.M. , van Diest Paul J. , van Dalen Thijs , van Laarhoven Hanneke W.M. , Luijten Peter R. , Klomp Dennis W.J. , Wijnen Jannie P. 
Published: March 2019

The purpose of this work was to investigate whether noninvasive early detection (after the first cycle) of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer patients was possible. 31P‐MRSI at 7 T was used to determine different phosphor metabolites ratios and correlate this to pathological response.31P‐MRSI was performed in 12 breast cancer patients treated with NAC. 31P spectra were fitted and aligned to the frequency of phosphoethanolamine (PE). Metabolic signal ratios for phosphomonoesters/phosphodiesters (PME/PDE), phosphocholine/glycerophosphatidylcholine (PC/GPtC), phosphoethanolamine/glycerophosphoethanolamine (PE/GPE) and phosphomonoesters/in‐organic phosphate (PME/Pi) were determined from spectral fitting of the individual spectra and the summed spectra before and after the first cycle of NAC. Metabolic ratios were subsequently related to pathological response. Additionally, the correlation between the measured metabolic ratios and Ki‐67 levels was determined using linear regression.Four patients had a pathological complete response after treatment, five patients a partial pathological response, and three patients did not respond to NAC. In the summed spectrum after the first cycle of NAC, PME/Pi and PME/PDE decreased by 18 and 13%, respectively. A subtle difference among the different response groups was observed in PME/PDE, where the nonresponders showed an increase and the partial and complete responders a decrease (P = 0.32). No significant changes in metabolic ratios were found. However, a significant association between PE/Pi and the Ki‐67 index was found (P = 0.03).We demonstrated that it is possible to detect subtle changes in 31P metabolites with a 7 T MR system after the first cycle of NAC treatment in breast cancer patients. Nonresponders showed different changes in metabolic ratios compared with partial and complete responders, in particular for PME/PDE; however, more patients need to be included to investigate its clinical value.
The Japanese version of the Richards‐Campbell Sleep Questionnaire: Reliability and validity assessment
Authors: Murata Hiroaki , Oono Yoko , Sanui Masamitsu , Saito Keita , Yamaguchi Yoko , Takinami Masanori , Richards Kathy C. , Henker Richard 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAimsThe purpose of this study was to determine the reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the Richards‐Campbell Sleep Questionnaire as a measure of sleep among intensive care unit patients in a Japanese hospital.DesignCross‐sectional survey.MethodsThe Richards‐Campbell Sleep Questionnaire was initially translated into Japanese using the back‐translation method. Validity was evaluated by determining the association between sleep efficiency, measured using simplified polysomnography, and the total score on the Japanese version of the Richards‐Campbell Sleep Questionnaire. Adult non‐intubated intensive care unit patients who completed the five‐item visual analogue scale underwent polysomnography for one night. Reliability was tested using Cronbach's alpha coefficient.ResultsThirty‐three patients were included in the analysis. After excluding four patients with subsyndromal delirium, the Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.602 (p = 0.001). Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.911.ConclusionThe Japanese version of the Richards‐Campbell Sleep Questionnaire could be used as an alternative to polysomnography when assessing sleep quality in lucid intensive care unit patients.
Racial Comparisons of Postoperative Weight Loss and Eating‐Disorder Psychopathology Among Patients Following Sleeve Gastrectomy Surgery
Authors: Ivezaj Valentina , Fu Emily , Lydecker Janet A. , Duffy Andrew J. , Grilo Carlos M. 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine racial differences in postoperative eating‐disorder psychopathology, psychosocial functioning, and weight loss among adults with loss‐of‐control (LOC) eating following sleeve gastrectomy.MethodsParticipants were 123 patients (n = 74 non‐Hispanic White and n = 49 non‐Hispanic Black) who underwent sleeve gastrectomy surgery within the previous 4 to 9 months and reported regular LOC eating during the previous month. The Eating Disorder Examination Bariatric Surgery Version assessed LOC eating, eating‐disorder psychopathology, and meal patterns. Participants completed self‐report measures, including the Beck Depression Inventory‐II and Medical Outcomes Study Short‐Form Health Survey.ResultsPresurgical BMI did not differ by race, but Black patients had significantly less percent total weight loss and percent excess weight loss than White patients. Black and White patients did not differ significantly in LOC eating frequency, onset time of postoperative LOC eating, eating‐disorder psychopathology, depressive symptoms, or physical or mental health‐related quality of life. White patients were significantly more likely to meet criteria for lifetime binge‐eating disorder than Black patients. Black patients were significantly more likely to skip breakfast and dinner and engage in night eating than White patients.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that among patients with LOC eating following sleeve gastrectomy surgery, there exist few racial differences in current eating‐disorder psychopathology and psychosocial functioning, although Black patients achieved less weight loss than White patients.
The association between proton pump inhibitor use and the risk of tuberculosis: A case‐control study
Authors: Song Hyun Jin , Park Haesuk , Park Susan , Kwon Jin‐Won 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPurposeFew studies have reported an association between proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use and tuberculosis. Tuberculosis incidence is relatively high in Asian people, and an increase in PPI prescriptions has been reported in South Korea. Thus, we investigated the association between PPI use and tuberculosis development.MethodsWe conducted a case‐control study on 25 672 newly diagnosed tuberculosis patients using the National Health Insurance Service‐National Sample Cohort (NHIS‐NSC) database (2002‐2013). We selected a control group without tuberculosis using 1:1 exact matching based on age, sex, index year, insurance type, and income level. We investigated PPI exposure 2 years prior to the index date and classified the subjects into nonuser, continuous user, recent user, and former user groups. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for tuberculosis development were calculated using conditional logistic regression.ResultsA total of 51 344 cases and controls were analyzed. Recent PPI use (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.28; 95% CI, 1.18‐1.39) and continuous PPI use (aOR, 1.13; 95% CI 1.10‐1.28) were significantly associated with tuberculosis development, compared with nonuse of PPIs. An increased tuberculosis incidence was not observed in the former use group compared with the nonuse group (aOR 1.05, 95% CI 0.95‐1.17).ConclusionsIn this case‐control study, we found that recent PPI use and continuous PPI use were associated with increased tuberculosis development. Although further investigation is needed, the tuberculosis risk accompanying PPI treatment should be considered.
Stability and bonding in rare gas inserted interhalogens FRgXFn (X = Br and I, n = 0 and 2)
Authors: Li Zhuo Zhe , Wen Mei , Li An Yong 
Published: March 2019

AbstractStructures, stabilities, and bonding nature of the Rg inserted interhalogens FRgXFn (Rg = Kr, Xe, and Rn, X = Br and I, n = 0 and 2) have been studied using PBE0, MP2, and CCSD(T) methods. In these compounds, the dissociation energy for FRg bonds ranging from 160 kcal mol−1 to 180 kcal mol−1 could be best described as ionic bonds. RgX bonds have some covalent character with lower interaction energies within the range 20‐50 kcal mol−1. NBO, ELF, and EDA calculations were used to further confirm the nature of the Rg inserted compounds and present a clear description of Rg bonding properties.
Interpretation of bulk nitrogen and carbon isotopes in archaeological foodcrusts on potsherds
Authors: Yoneda Minoru , Kisida Kaisei , Gakuhari Takashi , Omori Takayuki , Abe Yoshiro 
Published: March 2019

RationaleFoodcrust, the charred deposit adhering to the surface of containers, is a possible source of information on the function of ancient vessels and the subsistence of prehistoric humans. While the carbon isotope ratios in those materials are useful in detecting the usage of C4 plants, the reliability of nitrogen isotopic signatures has not been fully investigated.MethodsThe validity of bulk nitrogen isotope ratios has previously been investigated in coastal or riverine environments, where multiple resources from terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems were available, but not in terrestrial settings which provide a simpler mixing of terrestrial animals and plants. Hence, we conducted an exhaustive study on charred deposits on potsherds at two inland archaeological sites belonging to prehistoric Jomon hunter‐gathers in central Japan, focusing on δ15N values and atomic N/C ratios determined using an isotope ratio mass spectrometer and an elemental analyzer, respectively.ResultsFor both sites, the δ15N values showed significant correlations with the N/C ratios among samples from the inner surface, suggesting that these have recorded animal contribution. Furthermore, previous studies of Neolithic pottery from North Europe and Far East Russia bearing strong marine signatures had shown reasonably higher δ15N values and N/C ratios in comparison with our data from terrestrial settings. On the other hand, some charred materials probably originating from plant starch showed lower values with both parameters. Samples from the outer surface produced less meaningful isotopic and elemental ratios altered by a thermal effect and/or contamination from soot.ConclusionsWhen the samples of foodcrusts were selected carefully from the inner surface, bulk nitrogen isotopes and N/C ratios reflect the composition of what was cooked or processed in containers. This will provide useful information for understanding the human adaptation from the Late Pleistocene to the Holocene in conjunction with residual lipid analyses.
Transfer learning between crop types for semantic segmentation of crops versus weeds in precision agriculture
Authors: Bosilj Petra , Aptoula Erchan , Duckett Tom , Cielniak Grzegorz 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAgricultural robots rely on semantic segmentation for distinguishing between crops and weeds to perform selective treatments and increase yield and crop health while reducing the amount of chemicals used. Deep‐learning approaches have recently achieved both excellent classification performance and real‐time execution. However, these techniques also rely on a large amount of training data, requiring a substantial labeling effort, both of which are scarce in precision agriculture. Additional design efforts are required to achieve commercially viable performance levels under varying environmental conditions and crop growth stages. In this paper, we explore the role of knowledge transfer between deep‐learning‐based classifiers for different crop types, with the goal of reducing the retraining time and labeling efforts required for a new crop. We examine the classification performance on three datasets with different crop types and containing a variety of weeds and compare the performance and retraining efforts required when using data labeled at pixel level with partially labeled data obtained through a less time‐consuming procedure of annotating the segmentation output. We show that transfer learning between different crop types is possible and reduces training times for up to 80%. Furthermore, we show that even when the data used for retraining are imperfectly annotated, the classification performance is within 2% of that of networks trained with laboriously annotated pixel‐precision data.
Cytotoxic 2‐(2′‐Hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazolylquinoline Analogues and their In Vitro Screening through Developmental Assays†
Authors: Jadhav Gajanan Raosaheb , Paira Priyankar 
Published: March 2019

AbstractXenobiotics good pharmacodynamic effect should be evaluated with acceptable drug like properties during the drug discovery process. Benzothiazolyl‐quinoline derivatives are with reported biological and anticancer activity. In the present study, compounds were screened for potency determination in Caco‐2 (Human Epithelial Colorectal Adenocarcinoma) cell line and the most potent compound was evaluated through some of the drug development assays. Experimental protocols were set for stability and solubility (in buffer pH 7.4), metabolic stability, metabolite profiling, Caco‐2 permeability, P‐gp (P‐glycoprotein) inhibition in MDCK (Madin‐Darbey Canine Kidney)‐MDR1 overexpressed cells and CYP induction study by using LC‐MS/MS(Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass spectrometry) method. The compound was stable and soluble in buffer pH 7.4, less permeable across Caco‐2 cell monolayer, unstable in microsomes, inhibitor of efflux P‐gp transporter and an inducer CYP (Cytochrome P450) 1 A2. The most potent compound (i. e. 6 k) was with high solubility, low permeability and high CLint (intrinsic clearance) in liver microsomes. Therefore it was preliminary classified as class III compound as per biopharmaceutics classification system (BCS) and Class I compound as per biopharmaceutical drug disposition classification system (BDDCS).
Hydrotalcite‐Supported Ceria Nanoparticles as a Heterogeneous Catalyst for One‐Pot Synthesis of Imines under Atmospheric Air
Authors: Tomar Ravi , Ebitani Kohki , Chandra Ramesh 
Published: March 2019

AbstractHerein, we report a catalytic method for the one‐pot synthesis of imines from benzyl alcohols using air. The Ceria (CeO2) nanoparticles were supported on (HT, TiO2, SiO2, Al2O3) synthesised by Co‐precipitation in alcohol/water mixed solvents. The best catalytic activity was obtained with CeO2/HT for the oxidation of benzyl alcohols. CeO2/HT was investigated for oxidation and imines of various benzyl alcohols. Higher yield and a better reusability were observed under mild condition with air as oxidants.