bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agrowastes utilization by Raoultella ornithinolytica for optimal extracellular peroxidase activity
Authors: Falade Ayodeji O. , Mabinya Leonard V. , Okoh Anthony I. , Nwodo Uchechukwu U. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe industrial applications and prospects of microbial peroxidase are on the upwards trend, thus necessitating the search for sources with high turnaround time. Actinobacterial species have been a major source of peroxidase for the obvious reasons of having robust metabolite expression capabilities. However, other bacteria species have been underexplored for peroxidase production, hence the motivation for the investigation into the peroxidase production potential of Raoultella ornithinolytica OKOH‐1 (KX640917). The bacteria expressed optimum specific peroxidase activity of 16.48 ± 0.89 U mg−1, which is higher than those previously reported. The optimal fermentation conditions were pH 5 (3.44 ± 0.64 U mL−1), incubation temperature of 35 °C (5.25 ± 0.00 U mL−1), and agitation speed of 150 rpm (9.45 ± 2.57 U mL−1), with guaiacol and ammonium chloride as the best inducer and nitrogen supplement, respectively. On valorization of agrowastes as a sole carbon source for the secretion of peroxidase, sawdust gave the best peroxidase yield (15.21 ± 2.48 U mg−1) under solid‐state fermentation. Also, a nonperoxide‐dependent enzyme activity, which suggests probable laccase activity, was observed. The ability of the bacteria to utilize agrowastes is highly economical and as well a suitable waste management strategy. Consequently, R. ornithinolytica OKOH‐1 is a promising industrial strain with dexterity for enhanced peroxidase production.
Strategy for the selection of the minimum processing scale for the economic feasibility of biorefineries
Authors: Serna‐Loaiza Sebastián , García‐Velásquez Carlos A. , Cardona Carlos A. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMoving from fossil‐based economies to bio‐based economies is one of humanity's most important necessities. Bio‐based economies are sustainable alternative ways to obtain chemicals, materials, and energy, and biorefineries have been proposed as promising technological schemes for this purpose. However, the economic performance of biorefineries is strongly related to the scale of the process, as different elements (energy consumption, equipment cost, etc.) vary to different degrees when the scale varies. This situation shows the importance of evaluating the performance of the biorefinery at different scales (analysis of scale) from the design stages. The problem with the analysis of these scales is that there is no unanimous definition of ‘scale’ and the term is used imprecisely to refer to the raw material or product. Taking this into consideration, this work proposed a strategy for determining the Minimum Processing Scale for Economic Feasibility (MPSEF) and identifying the minimum scale at which a given biorefinery can operate. As study cases, three different biorefineries, based on different raw materials (cocoyam, Andes berry, and coffee cut stems) were used to exemplify the applicability of the design strategy. The MPSEF calculated for Andes berry, coffee cut stems, and cocoyam‐based biorefineries were 9.27, 35.6 and 683 ton day−1, respectively. These results showed the application of the design strategy and how it allows the determination of the minimum amount of feedstock to be processed to achieve a positive economic performance, and from this point, to calculate the rate of return that an investor would require and the appropriate scale to achieve it. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Thermoluminescence properties of La3+, Gd3+,Dy3+ and Ho3+ co‐doped MgAl2Si2O8:Mn4+
Authors: Uzun Erdem , Öztürk Esra , Ozpozan Nilgün Kalaycioglu 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThermoluminescence properties of Mn4+‐doped and La3+, Gd3+, Dy3+ and Ho3+ co‐doped MgAl2Si2O8 host phosphors were investigated in detailed and reported for the first time. The phosphors were exposed to β‐ and α‐irradiation and the glow curves appeared at 260–262 ± 2°C and 245–252 ± 2°C, respectively. Thermoluminescence analysis show that the main glow peaks actually consisted of three distinct peaks (P1, P2 and P3). In addition, all the phosphors had a main peak, and many satellite peaks also appeared up to 200°C. Moreover, it was observed that La3+, Gd3+, Dy3+ and Ho3+ dopants in MgAl2Si2O8Mn4+ phosphor can change the thermoluminescence peak intensities, but they did not cause any new glow peak. In addition, when α‐irradiation was used, the glow peaks were shift to a lower temperature region. Kinetic parameters of P1, P2 and P3 were calculated, and it was found that P1 and P3 had first‐order kinetics and P2 had general‐order kinetic parameters. In addition, it was found that when the easy and convenient annealing procedure was applied to the phosphorus, the thermoluminescence signal was measured as stable over many repetitions. The dose sensitivity, reproducibility and fading features of the powdered phosphors were investigated and computerized glow curve deconvolution analysis was also performed. Results showed that thermoluminescence properties of these materials were good but the fading reliabilities were poor and therefore the sintered or single crystal forms should be preferred for their better fading properties.
Poverty and Family Reunification for Mothers with Substance Use Disorders in Child Welfare
Authors: Lloyd Margaret H. 
Published: October 2018

Although prior research has established that maternal substance use disorders (SUDs) are associated with poor foster care outcomes, few earlier studies have sought to differentiate between families with maternal SUDs who reunify and those who do not reunify. This study applied the intersectional social determinants of a health framework to examine the effect of socioeconomic status (SES) risks on the likelihood of reunification for 325 mothers with SUDs and their children in foster care. Multivariate Cox regression models assessed four SES risk factors separately and cumulatively: single parent; income less than $15 000; unemployment; and severe housing issues.The study results reveal that none of the SES factors alone reduced the chances of reunification, but did so in combination. Compared to cases with one risk, cases with three risks were 39.1 per cent less likely to reunify and four‐risk cases were 49.3 per cent less likely to reunify. Cases with zero, one and two risks did not significantly differ.The primary implication of this study is that families with maternal SUDs in child welfare are a heterogeneous group whereby reunification depends on SES risk severity. In practice, these findings suggest that improving reunification for families with maternal SUDs may be aided by reducing the total number of socioeconomic risk factors, rather than eliminating specific risks. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.‘Examine[s] the effect of socioeconomic status risks on the likelihood of reunification for 325 mothers with substance use disorders and their children in foster care’Key Practitioner Messages

Families affected by parental SUDs in child welfare are a heterogeneous group whose outcomes vary based on the severity of socioeconomic risk.
Mothers with SUDs in child welfare are significantly worse off socioeconomically compared to fathers with SUDs.
The impact of SES on reunification outcomes depends on the accumulation of risk, rather than individual factors.
Substance abuse treatment must be augmented with efforts to reduce the cumulative SES burden on families.
Xanthocidin Derivatives from the Endophytic Streptomyces sp. AcE210 Provide Insight into Xanthocidin Biosynthesis
Authors: Ortlieb Nico , Bretzel Karin , Kulik Andreas , Haas Julian , Lüdeke Steffen , Keilhofer Nadine , Schrey Silvia Diane , Gross Harald , Niedermeyer Timo Horst Johannes 
Published: October 2018

AbstractXanthocidin and six new derivatives were isolated from the endophytic Streptomyces sp. AcE210. Their planar structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy as well as by HRMS. The absolute configuration of one compound was determined by using vibrational circular dichroism spectroscopy (VCD). The structural similarities of xanthocidin and some of the isolated xanthocidin congeners to the methylenomycins A, B, and C suggested that the biosynthesis of these compounds might follow a similar route. Feeding studies with isotopically labelled [13C5]‐l‐valine showed that instead of utilizing acetyl‐CoA as starter unit, which has been proposed for the methylenomycin biosynthesis, Streptomyces sp. AcE210 employs an isobutyryl‐CoA starter unit, resulting in a branched side chain in xanthocidin. Further evidence for a comparable biosynthesis was given by the analysis of the genome sequence of Streptomyces sp. AcE210 that revealed a cluster of homologues to the mmy genes involved in methylenomycin biosynthesis.
Alkyne‐Tagged Analogue of Jaspine B: New Tool for Identifying Jaspine B Mode of Action
Authors: Rozié Alexandrine , Santos Cécile , Fabing Isabelle , Calsou Patrick , Britton Sébastien , Génisson Yves , Ballereau Stéphanie 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe first biologically relevant clickable probe related to the antitumor marine lipid jaspine B is reported. The concise synthetic route to both enantiomers relied on the supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) enantiomeric resolution of racemic materials. The eutomeric dextrogyre derivative represents the first jaspine B analogue with enhanced cytotoxicity with IC50 down to 30 nm. These enantiomeric probes revealed a chiralitydependent cytoplasmic imaging of U2OS cancer cells by in situ click labeling.
Effect of lotus seed on viscosity and antioxidant activity of soy‐based porridge
Authors: Kim Jisuk , Shin Woo‐Kyoung , Kim Yookyung 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackground and objectivesSoy and lotus seeds were added to rice porridge to develop its nutritional value. Three types of porridge were prepared: rice with soy (RS), rice with lotus seed (RL), and rice with soy and lotus seed (RSL). The viscosity, antioxidant properties, and antibacterial effect of the three different types of porridge were compared to those of rice porridge (control).FindingsCompared to control (protein: 1.25% and carbohydrate: 90.5%), RS had higher protein (2.55%) and lower carbohydrate (84.3%) content without any change in the calorie content. The addition of soy decreased the viscosity of rice porridge from 3,861 cP in the control to 751 cP in RS. However, the addition of lotus seed increased the viscosity of rice porridge to 2,788 cP in RL. DPPH value was increased from 9.2% in the control to 18.9% in RS, 59.4% in RL, and 64.4% in RSL. Microbiological index value was decreased from 12,363 CFU/g in the control to 440 CFU/g in RS, while RL and RSL were below the limit of detection. Panelists evaluated the similar tendency of beany, grass, and nutty taste between rice and soy porridges (p > 0.05) as well as the thickness of RSL (4.1) also had a similar score to that of control (5.0; p > 0.05).ConclusionsLotus seed could help improve the viscosity properties and antioxidant capacities of soy‐based porridge. Particularly, soy and lotus seed synergistically improved DPPH radical scavenging capacity of porridge.Significance and noveltyMinimal research has thus far been carried out on porridge with the addition of lotus seed. To develop a protein‐enhanced porridge, around 30% of rice was replaced with soy. The addition of lotus seed increased the viscosity of soy porridge as well as its antioxidant capacity and antibacterial effects.
Fatty acid composition and proximate analysis of improved high‐oil corn double haploid hybrids adapted to subtropical areas
Authors: Ortíz‐Islas Sofia , García‐Lara Silverio , Preciado‐Ortíz Ricardo E. , Serna‐Saldívar Sergio O. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackground and objectivesCommercial yellow corn contains approximately 4% oil whereas improved high‐oil corn (HOC) genotypes from 6% to 9% oil. The higher oil increases digestible energy and protein content. Improved HOC grains of white and yellow corn hybrids adapted to subtropical ecosystems were analyzed for total oil content and fatty acid (FA) composition. The anatomical properties of kernels were determined, and total oil content and FA compositions were assessed.FindingsSignificant differences were observed among white and yellow hybrids in terms of oil content and FAs. The oil content in yellow and white hybrids ranged from 6% to 9% and from 5% to 8%, respectively. The oil content was positively correlated with the size of the germ (r = 0.55 p < 0.001) and negatively correlated with that of the endosperm (r = −0.484 p < 0.001). Oleic acid (OLA) comprised 36%–51% of the total FAs, whereas linoleic acid (LOA) in yellow and white hybrids ranged from 35% to 52%, and from 37% to 50%, respectively.ConclusionsThe subtropical‐adapted yellow and white HOC hybrids contained from 7% to 8% oil with diverse FA profiles. The observed differences in LOAs and OLAs among genotypes can be further studied in order to obtain refined oils with different iodine values and oxidative stability.Significance and noveltyThis research demonstrated that the development of HOC hybrids adapted to subtropical environments was feasible and that improved hybrids differed in FA composition providing new opportunities for breeding high‐oleic commercial genotypes.
Iron Aquo Complex as an Efficient and Selective Homogeneous Photocatalyst for Organic Synthetic Reactions
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad Faisal , Tominaka Satoshi , Peng Wenqin , Takei Toshiaki , Tsunoji Nao , Sano Tsuneji , Ide Yusuke 
Published: October 2018

AbstractOwing to the inexpensiveness and non‐toxicity of iron, development of highly active and simple homogeneous iron photocatalysts is a crucially important, while challenging, for practical organic synthetic reactions. Here we report that iron(III) nitrate, which is one of the most typical iron salts and can form iron aquo complexes in aqueous and organic solutions, can be used as a highly efficient and selective homogeneous photocatalyst for fine chemical synthesis. We demonstrated the iron aquo complexes catalyzed the oxidation of cyclohexane into cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone with a turnover number (TON) of 88 and a nearly 100 % selectivity using O2 under irradiation of solar light, whereas existing TiO2 and α‐Fe2O3 heterogeneous photocatalysts showed low TON and no activity. The iron aquo complexes impregnated within a mesoporous silica showed the improved TON of up to 100 while maintaining nearly 100 % selectivity.
Preparation of a High Performance Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reaction by Suppressing the Agglomeration of the Carbon Material with RbCl
Authors: Yuan Bing , Li Ping , Tian Mochong , Qin Qing , Liu Xien 
Published: October 2018

AbstractReplacing platinum (Pt) electrocatalysts with metal‐free or non‐precious metal electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) remains an enormous challenge. Herein, a new highly active spheroidal nanocarbon ORR electrocatalyst is synthesized by annealing a rubidium‐phytic acid gel. The catalyst is composed of N, P‐doped spheroidal nanocarbon modified by PO4− groups on the surface and with an ultralow content of Rb (0.005 wt%) (PON/C‐“Rb”). The agglomeration caused by annealing in the presence of phytic acid alone is completely suppressed by the addition of RbCl. Because more edges, defects and PO4− groups are present on the PON/C‐“Rb”, the as‐prepared PON/C‐“Rb” electrocatalyst exhibits an outstanding ORR activity with a half‐wave potential that is 40 mV more positive than that of the commercial Pt/C catalyst and a similar onset potential of 1.00 V in a 0.1 M KOH solution. More importantly, the primary zinc‐air battery with PON/C‐“Rb” as a cathode catalyst shows a specific capacity and an energy density of 705 mAh gZn−1 and 860 Wh KgZn−1, respectively, which are comparable to most of the best reported metal‐free and non‐precious metal catalysts.
Hierarchically Porous Heteroatoms‐doped Vesica‐like Carbons as Highly Efficient Bifunctional Electrocatalysts for Zn‐air Batteries
Authors: Ren Jin‐Tao , Yuan Ge‐Ge , Weng Chen‐Chen , Chen Lei , Yuan Zhong‐Yong 
Published: October 2018

AbstractDeveloping highly efficient and cost‐effective electrocatalysts to boost the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is vital for the sustainable energy systems. The nitrogen and phosphorus codoped vesica‐like carbons with hierarchical nanoporous structure are synthesized through an efficient self‐polymerization strategy with the template of g‐C3N4 monolith. Featuring sufficient heteroatom‐doping, well‐developed porous hierarchy, and high electrochemical surface area, the fabricated carbon materials exhibit considerable activity and robust stability in both electrocatalyzing ORR and OER, in competition with the precious metal electrocatalysts, which are thus capable of using as air cathode catalysts for rechargeable Zn‐air batteries, affording large discharge current density and impressive operation stability.
Thermodynamic Modeling of the Use of Alkane Mixtures as Working Fluids in Absorption Cycles
Authors: Djezzar Souad , Meniai Abdeslam-Hassen 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe main objective is to show the effect of the choice of the most adequate combination of activity‐fugacity coefficient models on the vapor‐liquid phase equilibrium (VLE) data quality and on the calculation of the enthalpies of the different vapor and liquid streams in a refrigeration absorption machine. Six alkane binary mixtures, i.e. propane or n‐butane as refrigerants and n‐heptane, n‐octane, or n‐decane as absorbents, were considered as working fluids for their proven positive characteristics. Two activity coefficient models, UNIFAC and NRTL, and two equations of state, virial and Peng‐Robinson (PR), were tested. The obtained results showed that the UNIFAC‐PR combination reproduced the VLE data reasonably well; hence, it should be recommended for this type of refrigeration systems operating with alkanes.
Hierarchical Bimetallic Selenide Nanosheet‐Constructed Nanotubes for Efficient Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation
Authors: Li Jiantao , Fan Danian , Wang Manman , Wang Zhaoyang , Liu Ziang , Zhao Kangning , Zhou Liang , Mai Liqiang 
Published: October 2018

AbstractElectrocatalytic water splitting is a promising way for renewable energy conversion and storage, but efficient and low cost catalysts are essential mainly due to the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Here, hierarchical Cu/Co selenide nanotubes assembled of nanosheets were successfully prepared. Benefiting from the rich active sites, highly exposed surface and enhanced charge transport, excellent electrocatalytic performance with a considerably low overpotential (238 mV at 10 mA cm−2), fast reaction kinetics (Tafel slop: 62 mV dce−1) and outstanding durability was achieved. Based on the ex‐situ characterizations, in‐situ formed (oxy)hydroxides were confirmed, which are presumably the intrinsic electrocatalytic sites for OER.
Pressure‐Induced Stable Binary Compounds of Magnesium and Germanium
Authors: Wang Chao , Liu Yunxian , Lv Pin , Sun Hairui , Duan Defang 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMotivated by the possibility to obtain unusual stoichiometric compounds (e.g., Na–Cl and Mg–O systems) with exotic properties at high pressures, we systematically investigated the high‐pressure structures and chemical bonding of Mg–Ge systems by using a structure‐searching method and first‐principles calculations. Compared with the stable composition of Mg2Ge at ambient pressure, several stoichiometries (e.g., Mg3Ge, MgGe, and MgGe2) were predicted to be stable under high pressures. The Pm
m Mg3Ge structure consists of a 12‐fold‐coordinated face‐sharing GeMg12 cuboctahedron, whereas the P4/mmm MgGe and Cmcm MgGe2 phases form MgGe8 hexahedrons and MgGe4 polygons, respectively. All the stable phases of Mg–Ge compounds under high pressures exhibit metallic features owing to overlap between the conduction and valence bands. For Cmcm MgGe2, the projected density of states near the Fermi energy mainly derive from Ge s, Ge p, and Ge d, which are responsible for its metallicity. The calculated superconducting critical temperature values of Cmcm Mg2Ge and P4/mmm MgGe reach 10.3 and 9.07 K at 5 GPa, respectively.
Analysis of a microreactor for synthesizing nanocrystals by computational fluid dynamics
Authors: Peres José Carlos Gonçalves , Herrera Cristhiano da Costa , Baldochi Sonia Licia , de Rossi Wagner , dos Santos Vianna Ardson 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMicroreactors eliminate batch‐to‐batch variability and allow better control over nanocrystal synthesis. A serpentine microreactor fabricated by femtosecond laser ablation is presented and characterized by computational fluid dynamics, since the micro channels show a trapezoidal cross‐section mainly due to the relatively high numerical aperture of the focusing lens. Mixing, macro and micro, throughout the device was investigated for inlet flow rates between 10–500 μL min−1 and the injection of an inert tracer with the same transport properties of water. The simulation of the whole microreactor enabled the analysis of the formation and destruction of structures. For instance, secondary flows played a major role in mixing behaviour: small flow rates did not promote mixing of the tracer and a stream of pure water even after 43 curved segments, while they were perfectly mixed after 9 segments for higher flow rates. According to the mixing index, the maximum effect of convective mixing was achieved for an inlet flow rate of 250 μL min−1. Tracer dispersion and the mixing index guided a scale‐up process of the microreactor, optimizing the number of curved segments while increasing total throughput. The upscaled design exhibited mixing saturation at 400 μL min−1 and promoted better control of residence time to allow nanocrystal growth.
Catalytic Asymmetric Cross‐Dehydrogenative Coupling of 2H‐Chromenes and Aldehydes
Authors: Pan Xinhui , Liu Xigong , Sun Shutao , Meng Zhilin , Liu Lei 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe first catalytic asymmetric cross‐dehydrogenative coupling of 2H‐chromenes with aldehydes using o‐chloranil (3,4,5,6‐tetrachloro‐1,2‐ benzoquinone) as an oxidant has been described. The organocatalytic process is tolerated with a broad range of structurally and electronically varied 2H‐chromenes and aldehydes with good yield and high enantiocontrol.