bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Altered Actin Filament Dynamics in theDrosophilaMushroom Bodies Lead to Fast Acquisition of Alcohol Consumption Preference
Authors: Butts Andrew R. , Ojelade Shamsideen A. , Pronovost Eva D. , Seguin Alexandra , Merrill Collin B. , Rodan Aylin R. , Rothenfluh Adrian 
Published: September 2019

Alcohol use is highly prevalent in the United States and across the world, and every year millions of people suffer from alcohol use disorders (AUDs). Although the genetic contribution to developing AUDs is estimated to be 50–60%, many of the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Previous studies from our laboratory revealed thatDrosophila melanogasterlacking RhoGAP18B and Ras Suppressor 1 (Rsu1) display reduced sensitivity to ethanol-induced sedation. Both Rsu1 and RhoGAP18B are negative regulators of the small Rho-family GTPase, Rac1, a modulator of actin dynamics. Here we investigate the role of Rac1 and its downstream target, the actin-severing protein cofilin, in alcohol consumption preference. We show that these two regulators of actin dynamics can alter male experience-dependent alcohol preference in a bidirectional manner: expressing either activated Rac1 or dominant-negative cofilin in the mushroom bodies (MBs) abolishes experience-dependent alcohol preference. Conversely, dominant-negative Rac1 or activated cofilin MB expression lead to faster acquisition of alcohol preference. Our data show that Rac1 and cofilin activity are key to determining the rate of acquisition of alcohol preference, revealing a critical role of actin dynamics regulation in the development of voluntary self-administration inDrosophila.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe risks for developing an alcohol use disorder (AUD) are strongly determined by genetic factors. Understanding the genes and molecular mechanisms that contribute to that risk is therefore a necessary first step for the development of targeted therapeutic intervention. Here we show that regulators of actin cytoskeleton dynamics can bidirectionally determine the acquisition rate of alcohol self-administration, highlighting this process as a key mechanism contributing to the risk of AUD development.
BİST SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİRLİK ENDEKSİNDEKİ İŞLETMELERİN SOSYAL SORUMLULUK VE ÇEVRE MUHASEBESİ İLİŞKİSİ AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ: BİR İÇERİK ANALİZİ
Authors: SÜKLÜM Nurcan , HİÇYORULMAZ Ela 
Published: September 2019

Gelecek kuşaklara daha iyi yaşanılabilir bir dünya bırakmak her bireyin olduğu gibi işletmelerin de üzerine düşen bir görevdir. Bu görev sosyal sorumluluk anlayışının bir gereğidir. Günümüzde işletmeler maksimum kara odaklandıklarından sosyal sorumluluklarını yerine getirme konusunda çelişkiye düşebilmektedir. Amaç, sadece maksimum kar elde etmek olmamalı, aynı zamanda çevrenin sürdürülebilirliğine katkı sağlamak olmalıdır. İşletmelerin finansal tablolarına baktığımızda çevre adına bir maliyet unsuruna çok az rastlanmaktadır. Çevre muhasebesi sisteminin uygulanması bu boşluğu dolduracaktır. Ve böylece işletmelerin çevreye yaptıkları yatırım maliyetleri finansal tablolarında yer almış olacaktır. Gelişmiş ülkelerde, örneğin Japonya ve İsveç’te çevre maliyetleri işletmelerin finansal tablolarında açıkça görülebilir. Bu çalışmada BİST Sürdürülebilirlik Endeksinde yer alan 63 işletmenin, sürdürülebilirlik, sosyal sorumluluk ve çevre faaliyetleri incelenmiştir. Ayrıca şirketlerin çevre maliyetlerini finansal tablolarında nasıl gösterdikleri incelenerek çevre muhasebesini uygulayıp uygulamadıkları değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda işletmelerin çevre muhasebesini uygulamadıkları, finansal raporlarında ve sürdürülebilirlik raporlarında çevre ile ilgili sayısal bilgilerden ziyade genel bilgilerin yer aldığı tespit edilmiştir.
SWARA VE MAIRCA YÖNTEMLERİ İLE CATERING FİRMASI SEÇİMİ
Authors: ULUTAŞ Alptekin 
Published: September 2019

Catering firması dışarıdan herhangi bir kişiye ya da kuruluşa yemek ve hizmet sağlayan firmadır. Bu hizmeti alan kurumlar için catering firması çok büyük öneme sahiptir. Bu firmaların sundukları yemekleri, kurumlarda çalışan personeller tüketmektedirler. Yemeklerin doğrudan kurumdaki personelin performansına etkisi vardır. Bu sebepten dolayı kurumların, catering firması seçimi yaparken dikkatli olması gerekmektedir. Catering firması seçiminde birçok ve birbirleriyle çelişen kriterler göz önüne alınmaktadır. Bundan dolayı çok kriterli karar verme (ÇKKV) yöntemleri catering firması seçiminde kullanılabilir. Bu çalışmada SWARA ve MAIRCA yöntemleri kullanılarak catering firması seçimi yapılmıştır. SWARA yöntemi ile kriter ağırlıkları elde edilirken, MAIRCA yöntemi ile alternatiflerin performansları değerlendirilmiş ve alternatiflerin sıralaması yapılmıştır. Şu kriterler bu seçim işleminde hesaba katılmıştır; Hijyen, Lezzet, Yemek Çeşitleri, Servis Zamanı, Referanslar, Servis Kalitesi ve Fiyat. SWARA yöntemi ile kriter ağırlıkları hesaplanmıştır. Bu yöntemin sonuçlarına göre en önemli kriter, Hijyen kriteri olarak belirlenmiştir. SWARA yönteminin ardından alternatiflerin sıralanması için MAIRCA yöntemine geçilmiştir. MAIRCA yönteminde dört alternatif değerlendirilmiştir. MAIRCA yönteminin sonuçlarına göre en iyi alternatif CF2 kod adlı catering firması olarak belirlenmiştir.
POZİTİF PSİKOLOJİK SERMAYENİN LİDER-ÜYE ETKİLEŞİMİ VASITASIYLA BİREYSEL PERFORMANSI ETKİLEMEDEKİ ROLÜ: PERAKENDE SEKTÖRÜNDE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: ASLANER Fatih , ARTAN İnci H. 
Published: September 2019

Bu çalışmanın amacı bir örgütte çalışanlar mutluysa, yöneticileriyle etkileşimleri sağlıklıysa, özgüvenleri yerindeyse, olumsuz durumlara karşı bile iyimserliklerini ve umutlarını koruyorlarsa, bu azim ve dayanıklı çalışmanın iş performanslarına nasıl yansıdığını incelemek ve özellikle lider-üye etkileşiminin performans sonuçlarına etkisini ortaya çıkarmaktır. Kavramsal olarak açıklamak gerekirse, bu araştırmada çalışanların sahip oldukları pozitif psikolojik sermayeyle bireysel performans algıları ve iş performansları arasındaki ilişki gözlenmiş, ilave olarak lider-üye etkileşiminin bu ilişki üzerindeki aracı etkisi incelenmiştir. Araştırma, Türkiye ev tekstili organize perakende sektörü evreninde ülkenin en büyük ev tekstili firmasının mağaza çalışanları örneklemi üzerinde yapılan bir anket ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışanların pozitif psikolojik sermaye düzeylerini ölçmek amacıyla Luthans ve arkadaşları tarafından geliştirilen psikolojik sermaye ölçeğinin Erkmen ve Esen tarafından dilimize tercüme edilmiş hali kullanılmıştır. Çalışanların lider-üye etkileşimine ilişkin algı düzeylerini tespit etmek üzere Liden ve Maslyn tarafından geliştirilmiş çok boyutlu lider-üye etkileşim ölçeğinin Baş, Keskin ve Mert tarafından dilimize tercüme edilmiş hali kullanılırken bireysel performans algı düzeylerini araştırmak üzere, Erben tarafından geliştirilen bireysel performans algısı ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Çalışanların performans puanları olarak mağazada aynı işi yapan bireylerin mağaza satış hedefi gerçekleşme yüzdeleri ve bağımsız firma tarafından hazırlanan gizli müşteri mağaza ziyareti değerlendirme puanı yüzdelerinin aritmetik ortalaması kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre pozitif psikolojik sermaye, lider-üye etkileşimi üzerinden bireylerin performans algısını etkilerken hem pozitif anlamda hem de negatif anlamda doğru orantılı olarak çalışanların performans sonuçlarını da etkilemektedir. Bu etkileşimde liderin pozitif veya negatif katkısının performans sonuçlarını doğru orantılı olarak ve kuvvetli şekilde etkilediği saptanmıştır.
Association between dietary raw garlic intake and newly diagnosed nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a population-based study
Authors: Zhang Shunming , Gu Yeqing , Wang Liu , Zhang Qing , Liu Li , Lu Min , Meng Ge , Yao Zhanxin , Wu Hongmei , Xia Yang , Bao Xue , Wang Honglei , Shi Hongbin , Sun Shaomei , Wang Xing , Zhou Ming , Jia Qiyu , Song Kun , Xiang Huiling , Niu Kaijun 
Published: September 2019

Background and Aims
The protective effect of garlic against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been reported in animal studies. However, in humans, the association between garlic consumption and NAFLD is unclear. The study sought to explore the association between habitual raw garlic intake and newly diagnosed NAFLD among Chinese adults.

Methods
We performed a study of 11,326 men and 12,780 women aged 20–90 years. Habitual food intake was assessed using a validated and standardized 100-item food frequency questionnaire. Diagnosis of NAFLD was based on the liver ultrasonography and self-reported alcohol intake. Multiple logistic regression was used to evaluate the association of raw garlic intake with newly diagnosed NAFLD.

Results
The prevalence of newly diagnosed NAFLD was 28.9% in men and 10.1% in women, respectively. In men, the fully adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of having NAFLD across increasing frequency of raw garlic intake were 1.00 (reference) for <1 time/week, 0.81 (0.73, 0.90) for 1–3 times/week, 0.66 (0.54, 0.80) for 4–6 times/week, and 0.71 (0.55, 0.90) for ≥7 times/week (P for trend <0.0001). The odds ratio for NAFLD associated with each 1 g of raw garlic/1000 kcal was 0.93 (0.90, 0.97) in men. In women, no significant association between raw garlic intake and NAFLD was identified. These associations between raw garlic intake and NAFLD were consistent in several sensitivity analyses.

Conclusions
Frequent consumption of raw garlic is inversely associated with NAFLD in Chinese men. Further investigations are needed to confirm this finding.
Spectrum curves for a discrete Sturm–Liouville problem with one integral boundary condition
Authors: Bingelė Kristina , Bankauskienė Agnė , Štikonas Artūras 
Published: September 2019

This paper presents new results on the spectrum on complex plane for discrete Sturm–Liouville problem with one integral type nonlocal boundary condition depending on three parameters: γ, ξ1 and ξ2. The integral condition is approximated by the trapezoidal rule. The dependence on parameter γ is investigated by using characteristic function method and analysing spectrum curves which gives qualitative view of the spectrum for fixed ξ1 = m1 / n and ξ2 = m2 / n, where n is discretisation parameter. Some properties of the spectrum curves are formulated and illustrated in figures for various ξ1 and ξ2.
*The research was partially supported by the Research Council of Lithuania (grant No. MIP-047/2014).
Time-delayed impulsive control for discrete-time nonlinear systems with actuator saturation
Authors: Li Liangliang , Li Chuandong , Zhang Wei 
Published: September 2019

This paper focuses on the problem of time-delayed impulsive control with actuator saturation for discrete-time dynamical systems. By establishing a delayed impulsive difference inequality, combining with convex analysis and inequality techniques, some sufficient conditions are obtained to ensure exponential stability for discrete-time dynamical systems via time-delayed impulsive controller with actuator saturation. The designed controller admits the existence of some transmission delays in impulsive feedback law, and the control input variables are required to stay within an availability zone. Several numerical simulations are also given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed results.
The Use of Botulinum Toxin in the Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia (Fifth Cranial Nerve)
Authors: Marín Naranjo MQC, MSc Rita María 
Published: September 2019

The Trigeminal Neuralgia (TN) is described as neuropathic pain at the orofacial level, characterized by unbearable pain that can last from a few seconds to several minutes. The different treatments used for these patients are to numb the nerve, surgical, pharmacological, and the administration at extra and intraoral level of botulinum toxin, which is a neurotoxin produced in cultures of the bacterium Clostridium botulinum in a natural way; in the sporulation process are 7 subtypes being the subtype A the most used in neurological problems. The botulinum toxin acts as a neuromuscular blocker, by inhibiting the release of acetylcholine at the synaptic space, which is an important neurotransmitter to produce local muscle relaxation, and the patients report reductions in the frequency and intensity of pain with minimal side effects. The injection of botulinum toxin produces an effective pain reduction of neuropathic origin in the hyperalgesic tissue and is used as adjuvant therapy when oral medications do not give adequate control of pain. Over time it is expected to reduce the drugs as the patient tells that the pain has decreased or is being controlled. Patients are indicated the variation of time in which they can obtain relief of their pain. In patients with uncontrolled pain of the trigeminal nerve, the toxin is placed extraoral in the orofacial region with high effectiveness, but there is a lack of studies on the administration in the intraoral submucosal.
Convention Models of International Scientific and Technical Cooperation (Based on the Case Study of Marine Scientific Research)
Authors: Kozheurov Ya. S. , Teymurov E. 
Published: September 2019

First, an attempt to describe the models of international scientific and technical cooperation caused the need to refer to the concept of a “legal model.” As a result of the conducted research, it is established that the unifying aspect in the understanding of the essence of the legal model is that it functions in a certain way reflecting (describing) objects, processes or phenomena of legal life. Taking into account the forms of international cooperation, it is proposed to separate the conventional and institutional models of international scientific and technical cooperation. The institutional model to greater extent characterizes the status and activities of the actors. The conventional model primarily reflects a set of legal regulators of interaction between the subjects. However, it is not limited to international treaties and customs, but also includes acts containing rules of soft law. In order to describe the conventional model of international scientific and technical cooperation in the field of marine research, the concept of “marine scientific research” has been analyzed, as well as the analysis of the development of the institution under consideration within the framework of the international law of the sea regulating the interaction between subjects of international law and other actors in the field of marine scientific research and the exchange of technology has been carried out. As a result, it is established that the conventional model of international scientific and technical cooperation in the field of marine scientific research is based on the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 1982 and includes, as appropriate, bilateral and multilateral international treaties and agreements, decisions and resolutions of competent international organizations, as well as numerous instruments containing rules of soft law aimed at focusing on the various aspects of interaction.
International Legal Issues of Implementation of Scientific and Technological Cooperation
Authors: Sokolova N. A. 
Published: September 2019

The paper deals with theoretical, legal and institutional issues of international scientific and technological cooperation (STC). The analysis of the current state of international scientific and technological cooperation is preceded by several statements characterizing the conditions in which such cooperation is developing. The author considers the features of international agreements on STC and prospects for cooperation in terms of international legal forms of scientific and trechnological cooperation. At present, the importance of legal norms regulating international scientific and technological cooperation in the system of international law is the subject of debate. It seems that STC issues are not limited to the sphere of economic cooperation, but also cover the issues of security, development of scientific research, role in solving global problems, for example, environmental or food, the protection of human rights. The objective need for the development of scientific cooperation determines the interest in its organizational forms. Since most of STC is carried out on the basis of bilateral agreements, the paper presents a more detailed description thereof. They have similar features in terms of defining principles, priorities, economic and organizational conditions, forms of cooperation, mechanisms of implementation. The conclusion of agreements on STC is aimed at implementing science policy through the development of research capacity and creation of the environment for cooperation in scientific and technological sphere. In general, international scientific and technological cooperation, taking into account the Russian experience, can develop in several directions. First, the coordination direction, as it happened within the CIS and led to the active development of bilateral relations. Secondly, the development of integration cooperation within the EAEU. Thirdly, a special format of cooperation within the BRICS.
Karaciğer sirozunda serum von Willebrand faktörü düzeyleri İle hepatik yetmezlik derecesi arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi
Authors: GÜNAY Süleyman , YILDIRIM Mustafa , PAKÖZ Zehra Betül , ÇEKİÇ Cem 
Published: September 2019

Giriş ve Amaç: Karaciğer sirozu olan hastalarda, karaciğer yetmezliği derecesi ve prognozun ön görülmesinde günümüzde Child-Pugh ve MELD (model of end stage liver disease) skorları kullanılmaktadır. Asıl olarak hemostazın sağlanmasında rol oynayan von Willebrand faktörün, karaciğer hastalıklarında serum düzeyi artmaktadır. Bu çalışmada sirozlu hastalarda serum von Willebrand faktör düzeyleri ile Child-Pugh, MELD ve sodyum-MELD skorları karşılaştırılarak von Willebrand faktörünün prognostik değerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya karaciğer sirozu olan 41 hasta alındı. Çalışmada değerlendirilen skorlama sistemlerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla klinik ve laboratuvar parametreleri kaydedildi. Takiben serum von Willebrand faktör düzeyleri ile Child-Pugh, MELD ve sodyum-MELD skorları arasında korelasyon analizleri yapıldı. Serum von Willebrand faktörün prognostik değerinin belirlenmesi amacı ile ROC analizi yapıldı. Bulgular: Hasta grubunda yapılan analizde median serum von Willebrand faktör düzeyi 176 olarak bulundu. von Willebrand faktör düzeyleri ile Child-Pugh, MELD ve sodyum-MELD skorları arasında yapılan korelasyon analizinde; pozitif yönlü anlamlı bir korelasyon saptanmadı. Subgrup analizlerde; von Willebrand faktör ile serum bilirübin ve von Willebrand faktör düzeyleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edildi. Sonuç: Bu çalışmadan elde edilen veriler ışığında; serum von Willebrand faktör düzeylerinin, karaciğer sirozunun şiddetinin belirlenmesinde ve prognozun ön görülmesinde etkili bir belirteç olduğuna dair yeterli kanıta ulaşılamamıştır.
FABRICATION of n-ZnO:Mn/p-Si HETEROJUNCTION DIODES and ITS I-V, C-V CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: AKSOY Seval 
Published: September 2019

To investigate the effects of
Mn dopant on n-ZnO/p-Si device performance, ZnO films were produced in
different Mn dopant by the sol gel spin coating method. Morphological
properties of the films were studied by emission scanning electron microscopy
(FESEM). Then, the n-ZnO:Mn/p-Si heterojunction diodes were fabricated. The
diode parameters were determined by current-voltage (I-V) measurements. The values of the diodes were found to be 8.38,
6.84 and 3.87, respectively, for the diodes produced using undoped, 1% Mn doped
and 3% Mn doped ZnO films. At the same time, electrical parameters were
determined to compare by using Cheung and Norde methods. According to the
evaluation of values obtained by different methods, an
improvement on the rectifying properties of the ZnO diode with Mn dopant has
been observed. In the continuation of the study, the photovoltaic properties of
the heterojunction diodes have been studied. The results obtained at different
illumination intensities showed that the diodes are sensitive to light. Capacitance-voltage
(C-V) measurements of the fabricated diodes are also investigated in detail.
A study of the prevalence of group B streptococci in the third trimester of pregnancy
Authors: Tambe Vikas , Shokeen Versha , Bal Himadri , Mishra Ajita 
Published: September 2019

Background: Group B Streptococci (GBS) is an important cause of early onset neonatal sepsis and the maternal colonization of this organism is a key factor in the occurrence of GBS associated morbidity and mortality in the newborns. Timely recognition of its presence in the genital tract of a pregnant women and intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis can significantly bring down the burden of the disease in neonates. A cross sectional study was conducted on antenatal women during 35-37weeks of gestation to evaluate the prevalence of Group B Streptococci in third trimester of pregnancy and explore the feasibility of including GBS screening in the routine antenatal investigation protocol.Methods: 200 antenatal women satisfying the exclusion/inclusion criteria were recruited for the study. Vaginal and perianal swabs were collected using sterile swab sticks and inoculated using the specified media. Beta hemolysis and typical colonies were looked for under microscope. Positive cases were subjected to intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis and the neonates were observed for 72 hours to look for any signs of sepsis.Results: It was found that 2% of the women screened were positive for GBS .While none of the newborns of the 4 positive cases showed any signs of sepsis.Conclusions: Prophylactic intrapartum prophylaxis against GBS has shown to decrease the chances of neonatal sepsis but more detailed and robust studies are required before incorporating routine screening in our antenatal care system.
Study of incidence of premature ovarian failure in patient attending outpatient department for infertility in a tertiary care centre
Authors: Amber Qazi Jaweria , Palve Tushar Tatyaba 
Published: September 2019

Background: To assess the incidence of premature ovarian failure in cases attending infertility outpatient Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in a tertiary care centre. A total of 350 patients attending infertility opd were screened over period of 150 days from which authors observed premature menopause in 10 cases accounting for an incidence of 2.8%. POF affects approximately one in 10,000 women by age 20; one in 1,000 women by age 30; one in 100 women by age 40. Premature ovarian failure is a common cause of infertility in women.Methods: Patient attending outpatient Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology with age less than 40 years and infertility, symptoms of menopause were enrolled for the study for duration of 150 days.Results: Present study authors found a total of 2.8% of patient presenting in our outpatient department for infertility had Premature ovarian failure.80% of them were symptomatic suffering with symptoms of hormonal deficiencies .100% of patient with infertility diagnosed as premature ovarian failure had low AMH and High FSH and LH levels indicating poor prognosis.Conclusions: Patient presenting with infertility and amenorrhoea can be cases of premature menopause. Here it is essential to investigate and treat the patient. Infertility might be one of the early presenting symptoms if not the first one. These patients if treated and diagnosed early can have a better living. Considering the wide spectrum of functional derangements in patient with early menopause and benefits of early hormone replacements these patients should be diagnosed and treated early.