bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
„Auf den Punkt gebracht“ − Die Radioembolisation primärer und sekundärer Lebertumoren mit unterschiedlichen Mikrosphären
Authors: Ilhan Harun , Todica Andrei 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungDie duale Gefäßversorgung der Leber spielt eine wichtige Rolle für die Entwicklung von Lebermetastasen, die oft prognosebestimmend sind. Diese Gefäßversorgung ist jedoch auch die Grundlage intraarterieller Therapieoptionen, bei denen die Blutversorgung primärer und sekundärer Lebertumoren durch die A. hepatica ausgenutzt wird. Bei der Radioembolisation werden nach Ausschöpfung chirurgischer Therapieoptionen radioaktiv markierte Mikrosphären über die Leberarterie in und um Lebertumoren unter weitgehender Schonung des gesunden Leberparenchyms appliziert. Die Therapie findet bereits seit mehreren Jahrzehnten klinische Anwendung. In den letzten Jahren wurden mehrere prospektive Phase III-Studien mit 90Y-Mikrosphären durchgeführt, die jedoch meist keinen signifikanten Überlebensvorteil im Vergleich zur systemischen Chemotherapie oder zu Thyrosinkinase-Inhibitoren zeigen konnten. Dennoch findet die Radioembolisation insbesondere als Zweit- oder Drittlinientherapie Empfehlung in zahlreichen Leitlinien zu primären und sekundären Lebertumoren, wobei jedoch oft zwischen verschiedenen intraarteriellen Therapieverfahren keine verbindliche Empfehlung bezüglich der Methode der Wahl ausgesprochen wird. Dieser Übersichtsartikel soll einen Überblick über die derzeitig verfügbaren radioaktiv markierten Mikrosphären geben, die im Rahmen der Radioembolisation Verwendung finden. Diese unterscheiden sich teilweise deutlich in ihren physikalischen Eigenschaften. Der Stellenwert der 99 mTc-MAA-Angiografie sowie die Bestimmung des Leber-Lungen-Shunts und die szintigrafische Beurteilung eines möglichen dystopen Abstromes werden in der Literatur teilweise kontrovers diskutiert. Diese Aspekte sollen zusammen mit den unterschiedlichen Berechnungsmethoden der Therapieaktivität je nach Wahl der Mikrosphären beleuchtet werden.
Predictive value of liver and spleen stiffness in advanced alcoholic cirrhosis with refractory ascites
Authors: Lindner Franziska , Mühlberg Reinhard , Wiegand Johannes , Tröltzsch Michael , Hoffmeister Albrecht , Keim Volker , Karlas Thomas 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Background Recurrent ascitic decompensation is a frequent complication of advanced alcoholic liver disease. Ascites can be controlled by transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) implantation, but specific pre-procedural outcome predictors are not well established. Liver and spleen stiffness measurement (LSM, SSM) correlate with outcome of compensated liver disease, but data for decompensated cirrhosis disease are scarce. Therefore, the predictive value of LSM and SSM was evaluated in patients with refractory ascites treated with TIPS insertion or receiving conservative therapy.
Material and Methods Patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis and recurrent or refractory ascites were stratified according to TIPS eligibility. LSM was prospectively assessed by transient elastography (TE, XL probe) and point shear wave elastography (pSWE). pSWE was also used for SSM. The primary study endpoint was transplant-free survival after 12 months. In addition, correlation of LSM and SSM with TIPS complications was analyzed.
Results 43 patients (16 % female, age 55.5 [28.6 – 79.6] years) were recruited, n = 20 underwent TIPS and n = 23 were treated with repeated paracenteses only. 15 patients died and five underwent liver transplantation during follow-up. LSM and SSM at baseline did not predict the patients’ outcome in the TIPS cohort and in patients with conservative therapy. SSM was increased in two cases with spontaneous TIPS occlusion and declined after revision.
Conclusion LSM and SSM cannot be recommended for risk stratification in cirrhotic patients with refractory ascites. SSM may be useful in monitoring TIPS function during follow-up.
Pflanzenfarben gegen die Dunkelheit
Authors: Ghasemi Forusan Nikmanesh 
Published: June 2018

SummaryNatürliche UV-Strahlung führt im Auge dauerhaft zu oxidativem Stress durch reaktive Sauerstoffverbindungen, die ständig neutralisiert werden müssen. Bei einem Ungleichgewicht der Schutzsysteme und begünstigt durch Faktoren wie Alter und Rauchen erhöht sich das Risiko für eine Altersbedingte Makuladegeneration (AMD). Pflanzliche Carotinoide – insbesondere Beta-Carotin, Lutein und Zeaxanthin – können analog zu ihrer Funktion in der Pflanze die AMD-Prophylaxe und -Therapie wirksam ergänzen.
Die Psyche und der Darm
Authors: Koch Anna K. , Langhorst Jost 
Published: June 2018

SummaryChronisch entzündliche Darmerkrankungen sind häufige Krankheitsbilder mit noch nicht abschließend geklärten Ursachen. Die Standardtherapie besteht in der leitlinienkonformen Pharmakotherapie, die einen Schub beenden oder die Remission erhalten soll. Um der Komplexität der Krankheitsbilder gerecht zu werden, bietet die Integrative Gastroenterologie ergänzende Therapieoptionen wie die Mind-Body-Medizin. Sie zielt unter anderem darauf ab, die Stressbewältigungskompetenzen der Patienten zu stärken. Erste vielversprechende Forschungsergebnisse belegen die Wirksamkeit der Verfahren.
Transcriptomic Analysis of the Association Between Diabetes Mellitus and Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Song Lijuan , You Wenjun , Wang Peng , Li Feng , Liu Huakun 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD), and the complications of CAD are the leading cause of deaths among people with DM. Herein, this study aims to identify the common genes and pathways between diabetes and myocardial infarction (MI) to provide more clues for the related mechanism studies.
Methods Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using the cutoff (|log2(fold change)|>0.45 and P value<0.05) by the analysis of online datasets (GSE9006 and GSE48060) related to DM and MI respectively. Moreover, the overlapped DEGs between DM and MI were identified, followed by enriched Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. And the independent patient RNA samples were collected for qRT-PCR validation of the mRNA expression of these overlapped genes.
Results PI3, ACSL1, MMD and MMP were altered in both T1DM and MI, and they were highly related to “regulation of cellular protein metabolic process”. Meanwhile, six genes were identified in both T2DM and MI, which are ADM, NFIL3, PI3, SLPI, ACSL1 and MMP9 and significantly related to “negative regulation of endopeptidase activity”. And the expression of these genes were validated.
Conclusions In summary, we identified the common DEGs and pathways between T1DM or T2DM and MI, and further validated the changes of those DEGs, providing some clues for mechanism study and potentially therapeutic targets.
Endoscopic mucosal autograft for treating esophageal caustic strictures: preliminary human experience
Authors: He Kexin , Zhao Lili , Bu Shoushan , Liu Li , Wang Xiang , Wang Min , Fan Zhining 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Background Esophageal caustic stricture is a stubborn disease and postoperative restenosis limits the clinical efficacy of endoscopic dilation. Autologous mucosal grafts have been successfully applied in the treatment of urethral stricture and in the prevention of stricture after extensive mucosal resection. We aimed to use mucosal autografting performed endoscopically to treat refractory esophageal stricture.
Methods Three patients with intractable corrosive esophageal stricture were treated endoscopically by combining dilation with autologous mucosal transplantation.
Results All procedures were successful with no severe complications. Mucosal regeneration was shown at the transplanted segments. One patient was able to maintain a normal diet with complete remission after 1 year of follow-up. Intraluminal stenosis and dysphagia were significantly improved in another two patients.
Conclusions Mucosal autografting can achieve esophageal re-epithelialization, inhibit undesired fibrosis, prevent restenosis, and promote functional regeneration.
Naturheilkundliche Behandlung der rheumatoiden Arthritis
Authors: Dorstewitz Hartmut 
Published: June 2018

SummaryDie systemische komplementäre Therapie bei rheumatoider Arthritis setzt u. a. auf Ausleitung, Schmerzlinderung und Knorpelaufbau. Bewährt haben sich Heilpflanzen wie Brennnessel, Weidenrinde und Afrikanische Teufelskralle, aber auch Weihrauch in Kombination mit Myrrhe.Weitere Optionen bieten Injektionstherapien, Eigenblutbehandlungen, die Ozon-Sauerstoff-Therapie, aber auch Enzympräparate sowie eine mikrobiologische Therapie bei Darmflorastörungen.Einfach durchführbare lokale Kälte- und Wärmeanwendungen unterstützen die systemische Therapie, indem sie Schmerzen und andere Entzündungszeichen lindern.
Betrixaban: Impact on Routine and Specific Coagulation Assays—A Practical Laboratory Guide
Authors: Siriez Romain , Evrard Jonathan , Dogné Jean-Michel , Pochet Lionel , Gheldof Damien , Chatelain Bernard , Mullier François , Douxfils Jonathan 
Published: June 2018

Introduction Betrixaban is a novel direct oral factor Xa inhibitor approved by the Food and Drug Administration for prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in adult patients hospitalized for an acute illness at risk for thromboembolic complications. Assessment of the anti-coagulant effect of betrixaban may be useful in some situations. Also, clinicians need to know how routine coagulation assays are influenced.
Objective The aim of this study is to determine which coagulation assay(s) should be used to assess the impact of betrixaban on haemostasis and provide laboratory guidance for their interpretation.
Materials and Methods Betrixaban was spiked at final concentrations ranging from 0 to 250 ng/mL in platelet-poor plasma. Different reagents from several manufacturers were tested and the impact of betrixaban on pro-thrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), dilute Russel viper venom time (dRVV-T), chromogenic anti-Xa assays, thrombin generation assay (TGA), and a large panel of haemostasis diagnostic tests has been assessed.
Results A concentration-dependent prolongation of aPTT, PT and dRVV-T is observed. The sensitivity mainly depends on the reagent. Chromogenic anti-Xa assays show high sensitivity depending on the reagent and/or the methodology. These assays applicable for other direct factor Xa inhibitors have to be adapted to obtain a relevant range of measurement. TGA may also be attractive to assess the anti-coagulant activity of betrixaban.
Conclusion Adapted chromogenic anti-Xa assays are the most appropriate assays to estimate the concentration of betrixaban. Betrixaban significantly affects several haemostasis diagnostic tests and this needs to be taken into consideration when requesting and interpreting such tests.
Malignant Subdural Hematoma Associated with High-Grade Meningioma
Authors: Teramoto Shinichiro , Tsunoda Akira , Kawamura Kaito , Sugiyama Natsuki , Saito Rikizo , Maruki Chikashi 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA 70-year-old man, who had previously undergone surgical resection of left parasagittal meningioma involving the middle third of the superior sagittal sinus (SSS) two times, presented with recurrence of the tumor. We performed removal of the tumor combined with SSS resection as Simpson grade II. After tumor removal, since a left dominant bilateral chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) appeared, it was treated by burr hole surgery. However, because the CSDH rapidly and repeatedly recurred and eventually changed to acute subdural hematoma, elimination of the hematoma with craniotomy was accomplished. The patient unfortunately died of worsening of general condition despite aggressive treatment. Histopathology of brain autopsy showed invasion of anaplastic meningioma cells spreading to the whole outer membrane of the subdural hematoma. Subdural hematoma is less commonly associated with meningioma. Our case indicates the possibility that subdural hematoma associated with meningioma is formed by a different mechanism from those reported previously.
Correlation between Regional Cerebral Saturation and Invasive Cardiac Index Monitoring after Heart Transplantation Surgery
Authors: Hornik Christoph , Cheifetz Ira , Lodge Andrew , Ofori-Amanfo George , Al-Subu Awni 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe present study assessed the correlations between cerebral regional saturation detected by near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and cardiac index (CI) measured by pulmonary artery catheter. This was a retrospective cohort study conducted in the cardiac intensive care unit in a tertiary care children's hospital. Patients younger than 18 years of age who underwent heart transplantation and had a pulmonary artery catheter on admission to the pediatric cardiac intensive care unit between January, 2010, and August, 2013, were included. There were no interventions. A total of 10 patients were included with median age of 14 years (range, 7–17). Indications for transplantation were dilated cardiomyopathy (n = 9) and restrictive cardiomyopathy (n = 1). Mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2), cerebral regional tissue saturation (rSO2), and CI were recorded hourly for 8 to 92 hours post-transplantation. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to assess correlations between SvO2 and cerebral rSO2 and between CI and cerebral rSO2. A total of 410 data points were collected. Median, 25th and 75th percentiles of cerebral rSO2, CI, and SvO2 were 65% (54–69), 2.9 L/min/m2 (2.2–4.0), and 75% (69–79), respectively. The correlation coefficient between cerebral rSO2 and CI was 0.104 (p = 0.034) and that for cerebral rSO2 and SvO2 was 0.11 (p = 0.029). The correlations between cerebral rSO2 and CI and between cerebral rSO2 and SvO2 were weak. Cerebral rSO2 as detected by NIRS may not be an accurate indicator of CI in critically ill patients.
Stapedotomie erfolgreich bei fortgeschrittener Otosklerose?
Authors: Neudert Marcus 
Published: June 2018

Heining et al. Audiological outcome of stapes surgery for far advanced cochlear otosklerosis. J Laryngol Otol 2017; 131: 961–964
Die cochleäre Otosklerose ist eine seltene Erkrankung des Innenohres, die zu einer Verknöcherung der Haarzellen führt und die Homöostase der Lymphströme
negativ beeinflussen kann. Betroffene leiden unter Innenohrschwerhörigkeit, eine Therapie gilt als schwierig. Heining und Kolleginnen/Kollegen haben nun in
einer retrospektiven Studie untersucht, ob Patienten mit fortgeschrittener Otosklerose von einer Stapedotomie profitieren können.
Widespread loss of intermediate soil horizons in urban landscapes
Authors: Herrmann Dustin L. , Schifman Laura A. , Shuster William D. 
Published: June 2018

Significance
As societies move toward nature-based infrastructure to provide ecosystem services for sustainable urban environmental management, knowledge of urban soils remains a critical gap. An 11-city comparison of urban to reference preurban soil profiles revealed how urbanization modifies the presence and ordering of soil layers and its properties. Urban soils had fewer horizons than their preurban counterparts, with a predominant absence of intermediate B horizons. The loss of B horizons, which are not easily replaced, as they form over decades to millennia, can affect ecosystem functions, with potentially wide-ranging consequences for ecosystem services in cities.
Wnt/β-catenin signaling regulates ependymal cell development and adult homeostasis
Authors: Xing Liujing , Anbarchian Teni , Tsai Jonathan M. , Plant Giles W. , Nusse Roeland 
Published: June 2018

Significance
Little is known about the cellular origin and the molecular signals that regulate spinal cord ependymal cells. In this report, we characterize Wnt-responsive progenitor cells throughout spinal cord development, showing that they are restricted to the dorsal midline and give rise to dorsal ependymal cells in a spatially restricted pattern. In the postnatal and adult spinal cord, ependymal cells continue to exhibit Wnt/β-catenin signaling activity, which promotes ependymal cell proliferation. This is demonstrated by the genetic elimination of β-catenin and inhibition of Wnt secretion in Wnt-activated ependymal cells in vivo, which result in impaired proliferation. Our results thus reveal the molecular signals underlying the formation and regulation of spinal cord ependymal cells.
Genetics of alternative splicing evolution during sunflower domestication
Authors: Smith Chris C. R. , Tittes Silas , Mendieta J. Paul , Collier-zans Erin , Rowe Heather C. , Rieseberg Loren H. , Kane Nolan C. 
Published: June 2018

Significance
Alternative splicing is a form of genetic regulation that enables the production of multiple proteins from a single gene. This study is one of the first to investigate variation in alternative splicing during a major evolutionary transition. We analyzed RNA from wild and domesticated sunflowers to examine differentiation in splice patterns during domestication. We identified divergent splice forms that may be involved in seed development, a major target of selection during domestication. Genetic mapping revealed that relatively few regulatory switches affecting many proteins have been altered in domesticated sunflowers. Our findings indicate that differences in splicing arose rapidly during a recent evolutionary transition and appear to contribute to adaptation and population divergence.
Radical right framing of social policy in Hungary: between nationalism and populism
Authors: Lugosi Nicole VT 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe populist radical right (PRR) is increasingly associated with welfare chauvinism, but the literature mainly focuses on Western and Northern European cases. Turning attention to Central Eastern Europe, this article investigates how PRR parties in Hungary frame welfare issues in five social policy areas from 2010 to 2016. This is done through a critical frame analysis applied to party manifestos and State of the Nation speeches by the Fidesz and Jobbik parties. Special care is taken to delineate the interlocking but not interchangeable concepts of nationalism and populism, as recent research asserts this distinction is often overlooked. The main findings are threefold: First, these parties articulate their positions chiefly through nationalist rather than populist framing; Second, while Hungary's PRR exhibits welfare chauvinist framing similar to Western and Northern Europe, a main difference detected was the role of the communist legacy; Third, beyond the article's original goals, the findings revealed a strong connection between nationalist framing and the role of gender, suggesting that the two are not mutually exclusive.
Trends in the development of miRNA bioinformatics tools
Authors: Chen Liang , Heikkinen Liisa , Wang Changliang , Yang Yang , Sun Huiyan , Wong Garry 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression via recognition of cognate sequences and interference of transcriptional, translational or epigenetic processes. Bioinformatics tools developed for miRNA study include those for miRNA prediction and discovery, structure, analysis and target prediction. We manually curated 95 review papers and ∼1000 miRNA bioinformatics tools published since 2003. We classified and ranked them based on citation number or PageRank score, and then performed network analysis and text mining (TM) to study the miRNA tools development trends. Five key trends were observed: (1) miRNA identification and target prediction have been hot spots in the past decade; (2) manual curation and TM are the main methods for collecting miRNA knowledge from literature; (3) most early tools are well maintained and widely used; (4) classic machine learning methods retain their utility; however, novel ones have begun to emerge; (5) disease-associated miRNA tools are emerging. Our analysis yields significant insight into the past development and future directions of miRNA tools.
Markers of Tissue Repair and Cellular Aging Are Increased in the Liver Tissue of Patients With HIV Infection Regardless of Presence of HCV Coinfection
Authors: Naggie Susanna , Swiderska-Syn Marzena , Choi Steve , Lusk Sam , Lan Audrey , Ferrari Guido , Syn Wing-Kin , Guy Cynthia D , Diehl Anna Mae 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Liver disease is a leading cause of HIV-related mortality. Hepatitis C virus (HCV)–related fibrogenesis is accelerated in the setting of HIV coinfection, yet the mechanisms underlying this aggressive pathogenesis are unclear. We identified formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded liver tissue for HIV-infected patients, HCV-infected patients, HIV/HCV-coinfected patients, and controls at Duke University Medical Center. De-identified sections were stained for markers against the wound repair Hedgehog (Hh) pathway, resident T-lymphocytes, and immune activation and cellular aging. HIV infection was independently associated with Hh activation and markers of immune dysregulation in the liver tissue.
The proteobacterial species Burkholderia pseudomallei produces ergothioneine, which enhances virulence in mammalian infection
Authors: Gamage Akshamal M. , Liao Cangsong , Cheah Irwin K. , Chen Yahua , Lim Daniel R. X. , Ku Joanne W. K. , Chee Rhonda Sin Ling , Gengenbacher Martin , Seebeck Florian P. , Halliwell Barry , Gan Yunn‐Hwen 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTBacteria use various endogenous antioxidants for protection against oxidative stress associated with environmental survival or host infection. Although glutathione (GSH) is the most abundant and widely used antioxidant in Proteobacteria, ergothioneine (EGT) is another microbial antioxidant, mainly produced by fungi and Actinobacteria. The Burkholderia genus is found in diverse environmental niches. We observed that gene homologs required for the synthesis of EGT are widely distributed throughout the genus. By generating gene‐deletion mutants and monitoring production with isotope‐labeled substrates, we show that pathogenic Burkholderia pseudomallei and environmental B. thailandensis areabletosynthesize EGT de novo. Unlike most other bacterial EGT synthesis pathways described, Burkholderia spp. use cysteine rather than γ‐glutamyl cysteine as the thiol donor. Analysis of recombinant EgtB indicated that it is a proficient sulfoxide synthase, despite divergence in the active site architecture from that of mycobacteria. The absence of GSH, but not EGT, increased bacterial susceptibility to oxidative stresses in vitro. However, deletion of EGT synthesis conferred a reduced fitness to B. pseudomallei, with a delay in organ colonization and time to death during mouse infection. Therefore, despite the lack of an apparent antioxidant role in vitro, EGT is important for optimal bacterial pathogenesis in the mammalian host.—Gamage, A. M., Liao, C., Cheah, I. K., Chen, Y., Lim, D. R. X., Ku, J. W. K., Chee, R. S. L., Gengenbacher, M., Seebeck, F. P., Halliwell, B., Gan, Y.‐H. The proteobacterial species Burkholderia pseudomallei produces ergothioneine, which enhances virulence in mammalian infection. FASEB J. 32, 6395–6409 (2018). www.fasebj.org