bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survival outcomes for patients with surgically induced end-stage renal disease
Authors: Bhindi Bimal , Asante Dennis , Branda Megan E. , Hickson LaTonya J. , Mason Ross J. , Jeffery Molly M. , Boorjian Stephen A. , Leibovich Bradley C. , Thompson R. Houston 
Published: September 2019

Introduction: While medically induced end-stage renal disease (m-ESRD) has been well-studied, outcomes in patients with surgically induced ESRD (s-ESRD) are unknown. We sought to quantitatively compare the non-oncological outcomes for s-ESRD and m-ESRD in a large population-based cohort.
Methods: Medicare patients >65 years old initiating hemodialysis were identified using the U.S. Renal Data System database (2000‒2012). Metastatic cancer, prior transplant history, and nephrectomy for polycystic kidney disease were exclusion criteria. Patients were classified as having s-ESRD or m-ESRD based on hospital and physician claims for nephrectomy within a year preceding the onset of maintenance hemodialysis. Outcomes included non-cancer mortality (NCM), overall survival (OS), cardiovascular event (CVE), and renal transplantation. Time-to-event analyses were performed using Kaplan-Meier and cumulative incidence curves, and multivariable Cox and Fine-and-Grey regression models.
Results: The cohort included 312 612 patients, of whom 1648 (0.53%) had s-ESRD. Compared to m-ESRD patients, s-ESRD patients had a significantly lower five-year cumulative incidence of NCM (68% vs. 80%; p<0.001) and CVE (62% vs. 68%; p<0.001), with a correspondingly higher probability of OS (22% vs. 17%; p<0.001) and rate of renal transplantation (3.6% vs. 2.0%; p<0.001). On multivariable analyses, s-ESRD remained associated with lower risks of NCM (p<0.001) and CVE (p<0.001), improved OS (p<0.001), and higher chance of renal transplantation (p<0.001).
Conclusions: While outcomes for s-ESRD appear more favorable than m-ESRD, s-ESRD is still associated with a substantial risk of NCM and CVE, and a low incidence of renal transplantation in Medicare patients >65 years old. These non-oncological outcomes are worth considering in patients potentially facing postoperative ESRD.
Cytotoxic activity of IMMUNEPOTENT CRP against non-small cell lung cancer cell lines
Authors: Martinez-Torres Ana Carolina , Gomez-Morales Luis , Martinez-Loria Alan B. , Uscanga-Palomeque Ashanti Concepcion , Vazquez-Guillen Jose Manuel , Rodriguez-Padilla Cristina 
Published: September 2019

Background
IMMUNEPOTENT-CRP® (I-CRP) is a bovine dialyzable leukocyte extract containing transfer factor. It is a cost-effective, unspecific active immunotherapy that has been used in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as an adjuvant to reduce the side-effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and has shown cytotoxic activity in vitro on different cancer cell lines. However, its mechanism of action against lung cancer cells has not been assessed. Therefore, the objective of this work was to assess the cytotoxic mechanism of I-CRP on lung cancer cell lines.

Methods
We assessed cell viability through MTT assay on the NSCLC cell lines A549, A427, Calu-1, and INER-51 after treatment with I-CRP. To further understand the mechanisms of cell viability diminution we used fluorescence-activated cell sorting to evaluate cell death (annexin-V and propidium iodide [PI] staining), cell cycle and DNA degradation (PI staining), mitochondrial alterations (TMRE staining), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production (DCFDA staining). Additionally, we evaluated caspase and ROS dependence of cell death by pretreating the cells with the pan-caspase inhibitor Q-VD-OPH and the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC), respectively.

Results
Our data shows that I-CRP is cytotoxic to NSCLC cell lines in a dose and time dependent manner, without substantial differences between the four cell lines tested (A549, A427, Calu-1, and INER-51). Cytotoxicity is induced through regulated cell death and cell cycle arrest induction. I-CRP-induced cell death in NSCLC cell lines is characterized by DNA degradation, mitochondrial damage, and ROS production. Moreover, cell death is independent of caspases but relies on ROS production, as it is abrogated with NAC.

Conclusion
Altogether, these results improve the knowledge about the cytotoxic activity of I-CRP on NSCLC cells, indicating that cell death, cell cycle arrest, DNA degradation and mitochondrial damage are important features, while ROS play the main role for I-CRP mediated cytotoxicity in lung cancer cells.
Juventudes e apropriações urbanas em uma leitura polissêmica: reflexões acerca da categoria “Juventudes” a partir de um estudo de caso sobre lan houses em favelas cariocas
Authors: Dos Passos Pâmella Santos , Enne Ana Lucia Silva 
Published: September 2019

<p>Pensar a cidade a partir das juventudes implica, a nosso ver, em primeiro plano problematizar tal conceito para só então pensar efetivamente na cidade sob a ótica juvenil. Nesse sentido, nas breves páginas que temos, optamos por primeiramente apresentar nosso entendimento acerca da categoria “juventudes”, em especial no contexto carioca atual, para em seguida, a partir de uma pesquisa realizada em lan houses de duas favelas cariocas: Acari e Santa Marta, problematizar o papel das políticas públicas para um segmento dentre essas múltiplas possibilidades de juventude.</p><p> </p>
Transformação política por meio de narrativas juvenis nos fragmentos da “Praia da Estação”
Authors: Gonzaga Milene Migliano 
Published: September 2019

<p>Apresento aqui alguns temas em desenvolvimento depois da investigação do doutorado, na qual fiz uma etnografia digital sobre uma experiência urbana de contestação juvenil pelo espaço público - a Praia da Estação – em Belo Horizonte, Brasil. Depois da publicação de um decreto municipal, em dezembro de 2009, proibindo a realização de eventos de qualquer natureza na Praça da Estação, de centralidade geográfica e simbólica na cidade, na capital planejada, houve uma convocatória em um blog anônimo para uma reunião que objetivava a reversão do abuso autoritário, e que ocasionou encontros, dissensos e a produção da praia na praça recém revitalizada. Entre as transformações da cidade com a participação política da juventude praieira, destacamos até participação na política eleitoral.</p>
Slow‐channel myasthenia due to novel mutation in M2 domain of AChR delta subunit
Authors: Shen Xin‐Ming , Milone Margherita , Wang Hang‐Long , Banwell Brenda , Selcen Duygu , Sine Steven M. , Engel Andrew G. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo characterize the molecular and phenotypic basis of a severe slow‐channel congenital myasthenic syndrome (SCCMS).MethodsIntracellular and single‐channel recordings from patient endplates; alpha‐bungarotoxin binding studies; direct sequencing of AChR genes; microsatellite analysis; kinetic analysis of AChR activation; homology modeling of adult human AChR structure.ResultsAmong 24 variants reported to cause SCCMS only two appear in the AChR δ‐subunit. We here report a 16‐year‐old patient harboring a novel δL273F mutation (δL294F in HGVS nomenclature) in the second transmembrane domain (M2) of the AChR δ subunit. Kinetic analyses with ACh and the weak agonist choline indicate that δL273F prolongs the channel opening bursts 9.4‐fold due to a 75‐fold increase in channel gating efficiency, whereas a previously identified εL269F mutation (εL289F in HGVS nomenclature) at an equivalent location in the AChR ε‐subunit prolongs channel opening bursts 4.4‐fold due to a 30‐fold increase in gating efficiency. Structural modeling of AChR predicts that inter‐helical hydrophobic interactions between the mutant residue in the δ and ε subunit and nearby M2 domain residues in neighboring α subunits contribute to structural stability of the open relative to the closed channel states.InterpretationThe greater increase in gating efficiency by δL273F than by εL269F explains why δL273F has more severe clinical effects. Both δL273F and εL269F impair channel gating by disrupting hydrophobic interactions with neighboring α‐subunits. Differences in the extent of impairment of channel gating in δ and ε mutant receptors suggest unequal contributions of ε/α and δ/α subunit pairs to gating efficiency.
Ultrathin Organic Electrochemical Transistor with Nonvolatile and Thin Gel Electrolyte for Long‐Term Electrophysiological Monitoring
Authors: Lee Hyunjae , Lee Sunghoon , Lee Wonryung , Yokota Tomoyuki , Fukuda Kenjiro , Someya Takao 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSkin‐based electrical‐signal monitoring is one of the basic and noninvasive diagnostic methods for observing vital signals that contain valuable information about the dynamic status of the inner body. Soft bioelectronic devices are developed for the acquisition of high‐quality biosignals by taking advantage of their inherent thin and soft bodies. Among these devices, the organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) is a promising local transducing amplifier because of its key advantages, such as low operating voltage, high transconductance, and biocompatibility. However, the transistor's direct electrolyte‐gated operation limits its ability to measure biosignals only when the electrolyte exists. Here, an ultrathin OECT‐based wearable electrophysiological sensor based on a thin (≈6 µm) and nonvolatile gel electrolyte is reported, which can operate on dry biological surfaces. This sensor can measure biopotentials with a high mechanical stability and high signal‐to‐noise ratio (24 dB) even from dry surfaces of the human body and also shows stable performance during long‐term continuous monitoring and multiple reuse in a test that lasted more than a week.
CD44‐Specific A6 Short Peptide Boosts Targetability and Anticancer Efficacy of Polymersomal Epirubicin to Orthotopic Human Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Gu Wenxing , An Jingnan , Meng Hao , Yu Na , Zhong Yinan , Meng Fenghua , Xu Yang , Cornelissen Jeroen J. L. M. , Zhong Zhiyuan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractChemotherapy is widely used in the clinic though its benefits are controversial owing to low cancer specificity. Nanovehicles capable of selectively transporting drugs to cancer cells have been energetically pursued to remodel cancer treatment. However, no active targeting nanomedicines have succeeded in clinical translation to date, partly due to either modest targetability or complex fabrication. CD44‐specific A6 short peptide (KPSSPPEE) functionalized polymersomal epirubicin (A6‐PS‐EPI), which boosts targetability and anticancer efficacy toward human multiple myeloma (MM) in vivo, is described. A6‐PS‐EPI encapsulating 11 wt% EPI is small (≈55 nm), robust, reduction‐responsive, and easy to fabricate. Of note, A6 decoration markedly augments the uptake and anticancer activity of PS‐EPI in CD44‐overexpressing LP‐1 MM cells. A6‐PS‐EPI displays remarkable targeting ability to orthotopic LP‐1 MM, causing depleted bone damage and striking survival benefits compared to nontargeted PS‐EPI. Overall, A6‐PS‐EPI, as a simple and intelligent nanotherapeutic, demonstrates high potential for clinical translation.
Highly Integrated Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Efficiently Harvesting Raindrop Energy
Authors: Liu Xia , Yu Aifang , Qin Aimao , Zhai Junyi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe emergence of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) has promoted the harvesting of raindrop energy, which mainly includes the kinetic energy and electrostatic energy generated during the fall of raindrops. However, maximizing the use of such energy is quite challenging due to its fragmentary characteristics. A highly integrated TENG is developed that can efficiently collect raindrop energy. It consists of a saccular contact‐separation mode TENG (SCS‐TENG), a freestanding TENG with interdigitated electrodes (I‐TENG), and strip‐shaped I‐TENGs (SI‐TENG). At a water drop rate of 22 mL s−1, it demonstrates a striking increase with short‐circuit current of 95.4 µA and open‐circuit voltage of 42.2 V, whereas the output of single TENGs is only 8.1 µA/5.9 V (SI‐TENG), 75.1 µA/29.3 V (I‐TENG), and 9.1 µA/28.9 V (SCS‐TENG), respectively. Moreover, it can be used in self‐powered devices and as a rain alarm system. It not only provides a promising step toward the efficient collection of raindrop energy but also provides a new perspective for the research and development of self‐powered sensors based on rainfall.
Surface Polariton‐Like s‐Polarized Waveguide Modes in Switchable Dielectric Thin Films on Polar Crystals
Authors: Passler Nikolai Christian , Heßler Andreas , Wuttig Matthias , Taubner Thomas , Paarmann Alexander 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSurface phonon polaritons (SPhPs) and surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), evanescent modes supported by media with negative permittivity, are a fundamental building block of nanophotonics. These modes are unmatched in terms of field enhancement and spatial confinement, and dynamical all‐optical control can be achieved, e.g., by employing phase‐change materials. However, the excitation of surface polaritons in planar structures is intrinsically limited to p‐polarization. On the contrary, waveguide modes in high‐permittivity films can couple to both p‐ and s‐polarized light, and in thin films, their confinement can become comparable to surface polaritons. Here, it is demonstrated that the s‐polarized waveguide mode in a thin Ge3Sb2Te6 (GST) film features a similar dispersion, confinement, and electric field enhancement as the SPhP mode of the silicon carbide (SiC) substrate, while even expanding the allowed frequency range. Moreover, it is experimentally shown that switching the GST film grants nonvolatile control over the SPhP and the waveguide mode dispersions. An analytical model is provided for the description of the GST/SiC waveguide mode and it is shown that the concept is applicable to the broad variety of polar crystals throughout the infrared spectral range. As such, complementarily to the polarization‐limited surface polaritons, the s‐polarized waveguide mode constitutes a promising additional building block for nanophotonic applications.
High‐Performance All‐Inorganic Perovskite‐Quantum‐Dot‐Based Flexible Organic Phototransistor Memory with Architecture Design
Authors: Yang Huihuang , Liu Yaqian , Wu Xiaomin , Yan Yujie , Wang Xiumei , Lan Shuqiong , Zhang Guocheng , Chen Huipeng , Guo Tailiang 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA novel organic phototransistor memory (OPTM) with architecture design is fabricated with all‐inorganic perovskite quantum dots (QDs) as charge trapping layer. The novel architecture enables ultrashort channel length and vertical the charge transfer to effectively suppress both trapped carriers effect and interface effect, two key factors which impact photonic memory performance. Additionally, perovskite QDs are introduced to function as both the charge trapping layer and a UV‐light‐responsive material that emits visible light that can be subsequently absorbed by the active layer, leading to efficient utilization of UV light to generate trapped charges. OPTM exhibits excellent memory properties under significantly improved light conditions, which is superior to previous reports. Moreover, flexible OPTM exhibits excellent mechanical stability, which is associated with vertical charge transport that eliminates the effect of cracks and dislocations formed during bending. Furthermore, an OPTM array is fabricated, which can realize imaging and memory capability with long‐term retention performance and shows reproducibility under the electric erasing and reprogramming process. Hence, with this novel architecture, OPTM realizes light programming with a short time, low light intensity, and broadband photoresponse along with excellent memory performance, which has great potential for practical application, especially in the flexible electronics market.
Functionalization of Pentaphosphorus Cations by Complexation
Authors: Adhikari Anup K. , Ziegler Christoph G. P. , Schwedtmann Kai , Taube Clemens , Weigand Jan. J. , Wolf Robert 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe chemistry of polyphosphorus cations has rapidly developed in recent years, but their coordination behavior has remained mostly unexplored. Herein, we describe the reactivity of [P5R2]+ cations with cyclopentadienyl metal complexes. The reaction of [CpArFe(μ‐Br)]2 (CpAr=C5(C6H4‐4‐Et)5) with [P5R2][GaCl4] (R=iPr and 2,4,6‐Me3C6H2 (Mes)) afforded bicyclo[1.1.0]pentaphosphanes (1‐R, R=iPr and Mes), showing an unsymmetric “butterfly” structure. The same products 1‐R were formed from K[CpAr] and [P5R2][GaCl4]. The cationic complexes [CpArCo(η4‐P5R2)][GaCl4] (2‐R[GaCl4], R=iPr and Cy) and [(CpArNi)2(η3:3‐P5R2)][GaCl4] (3‐R[GaCl4]) were obtained from [P5R2][GaCl4] and [CpArM(μ‐Br)]2 (M=Co and Ni) as well as by using low‐valent “CpArMI” sources. Anion metathesis of 2‐R[GaCl4] and 3‐R[GaCl4] was achieved with Na[BArF24]. The P5 framework of the resulting salts 2‐R[BArF24] can be further functionalized with nucleophiles. Thus reactions with [Et4N]X (X=CN and Cl) give unprecedented cyano‐ and chloro‐functionalized complexes, while organo‐functionalization was achieved with CyMgCl.
Identifying Copper Vacancies and Their Role in the CuO Based Photocathode for Water Splitting
Authors: Wang Zhiliang , Zhang Lei , Schülli Tobias U. , Bai Yang , Monny Sabiha Akter , Du Aiju , Wang Lianzhou 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMetal oxides are an important family of semiconductors for effective photoelectrodes in solar‐to‐chemical energy conversion. Defect engineering, such as modification of oxygen vacancy density, has been extensively applied in tailoring the optoelectric properties of photoelectrodes. Very limited attention has been paid to the influence of metal vacancies. Herein, we study metal vacancies in a typical CuO photocathode for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. The Cu vacancies can improve the charge carrier concentration, and facilitate the charge separation and transfer in the CuO photocathode. By changing the O2 partial pressure, the density of Cu vacancies can be tuned, which leads to improved PEC performance. The CuO photocathode prepared in pure O2 exhibits a 100 % photocurrent increase compared to that prepared in air. The promotion effect of Cu vacancies on the PEC is also observed in other Cu based photocathodes, showing the generic role of metal vacancies in efficient photocathodes.
A Long‐Lived Azafullerenyl Radical Stabilized by Supramolecular Shielding with a [10]Cycloparaphenylene
Authors: Stergiou Anastasios , Rio Jérémy , Griwatz Jan H. , Arčon Denis , Wegner Hermann A. , Ewels Christopher P. , Tagmatarchis Nikos 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA major handicap towards the exploitation of radicals is their inherent instability. In the paramagnetic azafullerenyl radical C59N., the unpaired electron is strongly localized next to the nitrogen atom, which induces dimerization to diamagnetic bis(azafullerene), (C59N)2. Conventional stabilization by introducing steric hindrance around the radical is inapplicable here because of the concave fullerene geometry. Instead, we developed an innovative radical shielding approach based on supramolecular complexation, exploiting the protection offered by a [10]cycloparaphenylene ([10]CPP) nanobelt encircling the C59N. radical. Photoinduced radical generation is increased by a factor of 300. The EPR signal showing characteristic 14N hyperfine splitting of C59N.⊂ [10]CPP was traced even after several weeks, which corresponds to a lifetime increase of >108. The proposed approach can be generalized by tuning the diameter of the employed nanobelts, opening new avenues for the design and exploitation of radical fullerenes.
Multiple Anti‐Counterfeiting Guarantees from a Simple Tetraphenylethylene Derivative – High‐Contrasted and Multi‐State Mechanochromism and Photochromism
Authors: Huang Guangxi , Xia Qing , Huang Wenbin , Tian Jianwu , He Zikai , Li Bing Shi , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHerein the novel tetraphenylethylene (TPE) derivative 1 was designed with an integration of aggregation‐induced emission (AIE), multi‐state mechanochromism and self‐recovery photochromism. The molecule was susceptible to grinding, heating and vapor fuming and showed corresponding transition of its emission colors. The heated powder or single crystal of 1 exhibited reversible photochromism. After a short period of UV irradiation, it showed a bright red color, but recovered to its original white appearance within 1 min. The photochromism is due to the formation of photocyclization intermediates upon UV irradiation, while the eversible mechanochromism is attributed to the weak molecular interactions derived from head‐to‐tail stacking of the molecules. This reversible multi‐state, high‐contrasted and rapid responsive mechanochromic and photochromic property cooperatively provide double enhancement of a multimode guarantee in advanced anti‐counterfeiting.
Guideline Implementation: Sterile Technique
Authors: Link Terri 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTEstablishing and maintaining a sterile field to help prevent surgical site infections requires specific knowledge and skills and is among the most important responsibilities of the perioperative RN. Perioperative RNs should remain vigilant in monitoring the sterile field, communicate when a break in sterile technique occurs, and collaborate with other surgical team members to correct the break in technique. The AORN “Guideline for sterile technique” provides guidance to perioperative personnel on the principles and processes of sterile technique. This article elaborates on key takeaways from the guideline, including using sterile technique when donning sterile gowns and gloves, delivering sterile items to the sterile field, using drapes to establish a sterile field, and maintaining the sterile field. Perioperative RNs should review the complete guideline for additional information and for guidance when writing and updating policies and procedures.
Electrophysiological correlates of masked repetition and conceptual priming for visual objects
Authors: Li Bingbing , Gao Chuanji , Wang Juan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have investigated the time course of visual object processing using event‐related potential (ERP) and the masked repetition priming paradigm. However, it is unclear how the ERP correlates associated with masked repetition priming differentiate from masked conceptual priming of visual objects.MethodThe present study used semantically related picture pairs of visual objects to compare the ERPs associated with masked repetition and conceptual priming of visual objects.ResultsThe results revealed that masked repetition priming was associated with N/P190 and N400 effects, whereas masked conceptual priming was only associated with N400 effect. Moreover, the topography of repetition N/P190 effect was different from repetition and conceptual N400 effects, whereas the topography of repetition N400 effect was similar to conceptual N400 effect.ConclusionsThese results indicated that masked repetition and conceptual priming were associated with spatiotemporally different ERP effects and that the N400 of visual objects was sensitive to automatic semantic spreading.