bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recovery of pulmonary functions, exercise capacity, and quality of life after pulmonary rehabilitation in survivors of ARDS due to severe influenza A (H1N1) pneumonitis
Authors: Hsieh Meng‐Jer , Lee Wei‐Chun , Cho Hsiu‐Ying , Wu Meng‐Fang , Hu Han‐Chung , Kao Kuo‐Chin , Chen Ning‐Hung , Tsai Ying‐Huang , Huang Chung‐Chi 
Published: April 2018

BackgroundAcute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to severe influenza A H1N1 pneumonitis would result in impaired pulmonary functions and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) after hospital discharge.ObjectivesThe recovery of pulmonary functions, exercise capacity, and HRQoL in the survivors of ARDS due to 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1 pneumonitis (H1N1‐ARDS) was evaluated in a tertiary teaching hospital in northern Taiwan between May 2010 and June 2011.Patients and MethodsData of spirometry, total lung capacity (TLC), diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide (DLCO), and 6‐minute walk distance (6MWD) in the patients survived from H1N1‐ARDS were collected 1, 3, and 6 months post‐hospital discharge. HRQoL was evaluated with St. George respiratory questionnaire (SGRQ).ResultsNine survivors of H1N1‐ARDS in the study period were included. All these patients received 2 months’ pulmonary rehabilitation program. Pulmonary functions and exercise capacity included TLC, forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), DLCO, and 6MWD improved from 1 to 3 months post‐hospital discharge. Only TLC had further significant improvement from 3 to 6 months. HRQoL represented as the total score of SGRQ had no significant improvement in the first 3 months but improved significantly from 3 to 6 months post‐discharge.ConclusionThe impaired pulmonary functions and exercise capacity in the survivors of H1N1‐ARDS improved soon at 3 months after hospital discharge. Their quality of life had keeping improved at 6 months even though there was no further improvement of their pulmonary functions and exercise capacity.
Circulating miRNAs in acute new‐onset atrial fibrillation and their target mRNA network
Authors: da Silva Ananília Medeiros Gomes , de Araújo Jéssica Nayara Góes , de Oliveira Katiene Macêdo , Novaes Ana Eloísa Melo , Lopes Mariana Borges , de Sousa Júlio César Vieira , Filho Antônio Amorim de Araújo , Luchessi André Ducati , de Rezende Adriana Augusto , Hirata Mário Hiroyuki , Silbiger Vivian Nogueira 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBackgroundMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (AF), acting on development and progression. Our pilot study investigated the expression of six miRNAs and their miRNA–mRNA interactions in patients with acute new‐onset AF, well‐controlled AF, and normal sinus rhythm (controls).Methods and resultsPlasma of acute new‐onset AF patients (n = 5) was collected in the emergency room when patients presented with irregular and fast‐atrial fibrillation rhythm. Samples from well‐controlled AF (n = 16) and control (n = 15) patients were collected during medical appointments following an ECG. Expression of miR‐21, miR‐133a, miR‐133b, miR‐150, miR‐328, and miR‐499 was analyzed by real‐time PCR. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis and the TargetScan database identified the top 30 mRNA targets of these miRNA, seeking the miRNA–mRNA interactions in cardiovascular process. Increased expression of miR‐133b (1.4‐fold), miR‐328 (2.0‐fold), and miR‐499 (2.3‐fold) was observed in patients with acute new‐onset AF, compared with well‐controlled AF and control patients. Decreased expression of miR‐21 was seen in patients with well‐controlled AF compared to those with acute new‐onset AF and controls (0.6‐fold). The miRNA‐mRNA interaction demonstrated thatSMAD7andFASLGgenes were the targets of miR‐21, miR‐133b, and miR‐499 and were directly related to AF, being involved in apoptosis and fibrosis.ConclusionThe miRNAs had different expression profiles dependent on the AF condition, with higher expression in the acute new‐onset AF than well‐controlled AF. Clinically, this may contribute to an effective assessment for patients, leading to early detection of AF and monitoring to reduce the risk of other serious cardiovascular events.
Commentary: Advancing an implementation science agenda on mental health and psychosocial responses in war‐affected settings: comment on trials of a psychosocial intervention for youth affected by the Syrian crisis ‐ by Panter‐Brick et al. (2018)
Authors: Betancourt Theresa S. , Fazel Mina 
Published: April 2018

AbstractSyria's civil conflict has created the largest humanitarian disaster of our time, causing massive population displacement, tremendous exposure to trauma, and loss. Advancing the mental health and psychosocial responses of war‐affected populations both during acute humanitarian emergencies and in post‐conflict transition is imperative in forging a constructive implementation agenda. This study makes an important contribution in building evidence toward effective interventions to advance the mental health and well‐being of those affected by the Syrian crisis. Using an innovative approach, this work demonstrates that a thoughtful, ethical, and scientifically valid trial can be carried out in the midst of mass displacement. Further research is urgently needed on the effectiveness of interventions for vulnerable populations, with a growing need to embed studies of evidence‐based mental health interventions within humanitarian responses.
Differential effects of offspring and maternal inbreeding on egg laying and offspring performance in the burying beetleNicrophorus vespilloides
Authors: Ford Lucy E. , Henderson Kirsten J. , Smiseth Per T. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractWe investigate the effect of offspring and maternal inbreeding on maternal and offspring traits associated with early offspring fitness in the burying beetleNicrophorus vespilloides. We conducted two experiments. In the first experiment, we manipulated maternal inbreeding only (keeping offspring outbred) by generating mothers that were outbred, moderately inbred or highly inbred. Meanwhile, in the second experiment, we manipulated offspring inbreeding only (keeping females outbred) by generating offspring that were outbred, moderately inbred or highly inbred. In both experiments, we monitored subsequent effects on breeding success (number of larvae), maternal traits (clutch size, delay until laying, laying skew, laying spread and egg size) and offspring traits (hatching success, larval survival, duration of larval development and average larval mass). Maternal inbreeding reduced breeding success, and this effect was mediated through lower hatching success and greater larval mortality. Furthermore, inbred mothers produced clutches where egg laying was less skewed towards the early part of laying than outbred females. This reduction in the skew in egg laying is beneficial for larval survival, suggesting that inbred females adjusted their laying patterns facultatively, thereby partially compensating for the detrimental effects of maternal inbreeding on offspring. Finally, we found evidence of a nonlinear effect of offspring inbreeding coefficient on number of larvae dispersing. Offspring inbreeding affected larval survival and larval development time but also unexpectedly affected maternal traits (clutch size and delay until laying), suggesting that females adjust clutch size and the delay until laying in response to being related to their mate.
At‐vessel mortality of skates (Rajidae) taken in coastal fisheries and evidence of longer‐term survival
Authors: Ellis J. R. , Burt G. J. , Grilli G. , McCully Phillips S. R. , Catchpole T. L. , Maxwell D. L. 
Published: April 2018

Data on the vigour and at‐vessel mortality (AVM) of 6798 skates (comprisingRaja clavatan = 6295;R. brachyuran = 208;R. undulatan = 185,R. montaguin = 98 andR. microocellatan = 12) captured by commercial fishing vessels in the inshore waters of the southern North Sea and English Channel were recorded. AVM in longline fisheries averaged 0·44% across five vessels (0–1·47%), although skates were usually unhooked manually and did not usually pass through a bait‐stripper. AVM in otter trawls averaged 0·76% (0–2·35%), from four vessels fishing with tow durations of <1·5 h (southern North Sea) or 1–4 h (English Channel). No AVM was noted for skates taken as a by‐catch in drift trammel nets (soak times <4 h). Anchored tangle nets resulted in an overall AVM of 2·0–2·7%, but increased from 1·47% (13–28 h soak time) to 6·16% (42–53 h soak time). There were significant differences in the vigour of skates between gears, withR. clavatacaught by longline and tangle nets in better condition than those captured by otter trawl or drift trammel net. Similarly,R. undulatacaught by tangle net were in better condition than those caught by otter trawl. The vigour ofR. undulatawas also found to be higher than other skate species for both trawl and tangle net. In total, 5283 skates were tagged with Petersen discs and released, with recapture rates for the various combinations of vessel and gear ranging up to 24·8% forR. clavata. Whilst confirming a degree of post‐release survival, quantitative estimates of post‐release mortality for skates remain unknown.
Co‐occurrence of aflatoxins and ochratoxin A in nuts, dry fruits, and nuty products
Authors: Iqbal Shahzad Zafar , Mehmood Zehid , Asi Muhammad Rafique , Shahid Misbah , Sehar Mubasharah , Malik Noeen 
Published: April 2018

AbstractA total of 320 samples of edible nuts (poppy seed, peanut, pistachio, cashew, almonds) and dry fruits (plum, raisins, figs, dates, apricot, watermelon seed, melon seeds, pomegranate seeds) collected from major cities of Punjab, and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, were analyzed for the presence of aflatoxins (AFs) and ochratoxin A (OTA). Sample extracts were purified using immunoaffinity columns and analyzed by reversed phase HPLC with fluorescence detection. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and total AFs (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, AFG2) were found in 128 (40%) samples, and total AFs exceeded levels of 4 µg/kg and 10 µg/kg in 34 and 25% of samples. The highest mean levels of total AFs (7.30 ± 1.80 µg/kg) were found in peanuts without shell, the lowest mean levels (2.90 ± 1.50 µg/kg) were found in watermelon seeds with shell samples. OTA was found in 18 (5%) samples, the highest levels (5.60 ± 1.34 µg/kg) were found in raisins (maximum 18.5 µg/kg). Only four samples of edible nuts and dry fruits were contaminated with OTA at levels above the recommended limit of 10 µg/kg. The results have revealed the co‐occurrence of OTA and total AFs in 25% total samples of dry fruits and nuts with a mean level of OTA 3.58 ± 1.30 µg/kg and total AFs mean level of 4.13 ± 0.48 µg/kg, respectively. The high frequency especially of AFs in dry fruits and edible nuts is regarded as a health issue for consumers.Practical applicationsThe manuscript has provided the current status on the levels of AFs and OTA in dry fruits and nuts in Pakistan. The results of current finding revealed that the levels of AFs and OTA in those samples which have stored in shells are significantly less as compared to those samples of nuts and dry fruits which have been stored without shells. Therefore, to use good storage practices, farmers, venders, and traders can eliminate or minimize the levels of these toxins in their products. Furthermore, the study will provide the awareness and levels of AFs and OTA in nuts and dry fruits and help to implement strict regulations for these toxins by law enforcement agencies.
Retrospective Evaluation of a Restrictive Transfusion Strategy in Older Adults with Hip Fracture
Authors: Zerah Lorene , Dourthe Lucile , Cohen‐Bittan Judith , Verny Marc , Raux Mathieu , Mézière Anthony , Khiami Frédéric , Tourette Cendrine , Neri Christian , Le Manach Yannick , Riou Bruno , Vallet Hélène , Boddaert Jacques 
Published: April 2018

ObjectivesTo compare the association between a restrictive transfusion strategy and cardiovascular complications during hospitalization for hip fracture with the association between a liberal transfusion strategy and cardiovascular complications, accounting for all transfusions from the emergency department to postacute rehabilitation settings.DesignRetrospective study.SettingPerioperative geriatric care unit.ParticipantsAll individuals aged 70 and older admitted to the emergency department for hip fracture and hospitalized in our perioperative geriatric care unit (N=667; n=193 in the liberal transfusion group, n=474 in the restrictive transfusion group) from July 2009 to April 2016.InterventionA restrictive transfusion strategy (hemoglobin level threshold ≥8 g/dL or symptoms) used from January 2012 to April 2016 was compared with the liberal transfusion strategy (hemoglobin level threshold ≥10 g/dL) used from July 2009 to December 2011.MeasurementsPrimary endpoint was in‐hospital acute cardiovascular complications (heart failure, myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation or stroke).ResultsThe change to a restrictive transfusion strategy was associated with fewer acute cardiovascular complications (odds ratio=0.45, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.31–0.67, p<.001), without any noticeable difference in in‐hospital or 6‐month mortality. The change also led to a reduction in packed red blood cell units used per participant (median 1, interquartile range (IQR) 0–2 in restrictive vs median 2, IQR 0–3 in liberal transfusion strategy, P<.001). In rehabilitation settings, the frequency of transfusion was greater with the restrictive transfusion strategy than the liberal transfusion strategy (18% vs 9%, P<.001).ConclusionA restrictive transfusion strategy in older adults with hip fracture was found to be safe and was associated with fewer cardiovascular complications but more transfusions in rehabilitation settings. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Is a Decline in Will to Live a Consequence or Predictor of Depression in Late Life?
Authors: Carmel Sara , Tovel Hava , Raveis Victoria H. , O'Rourke Norm 
Published: April 2018

OBJECTIVESTo assess the causal directions of interaction between depression and decline in will to live (WTL) over 2 years in community‐dwelling older adults.DESIGNCommunity‐based longitudinal study.SETTINGThree large cities in Israel.PARTICIPANTSIndividuals aged 75 and older (N=870).MEASUREMENTSWe tested a cross‐lagged structural equation model in which WTL and depressive symptoms (DS) were tested as latent variables at each of three annual points of measurement.RESULTSOf the health and sociodemographic covariates examined, only self‐rated health predicted WTL and DS, and age predicted WTL. WTL predicted DS at each point of measurement. In addition to these cross‐sectional effects, WTL also predicted DS 12 months later at the second and third year. In other words, the direction of prediction was exclusively from WTL to DS, concomitantly and over time.CONCLUSIONOur results indicate that WTL predicts DS rather than vice versa, suggesting that decline in WTL contributes and leads to depression at present and in future. Health strategies designed to promote WTL in older adults may help forestall depression. Moreover, psychotherapeutic interventions targeting WTL might be effective in the treatment of depression.
Classify epithelium‐stroma in histopathological images based on deep transferable network
Authors: YU X. , ZHENG H. , LIU C. , HUANG Y. , DING X. 
Published: April 2018

SummaryRecently, the deep learning methods have received more attention in histopathological image analysis. However, the traditional deep learning methods assume that training data and test data have the same distributions, which causes certain limitations in real‐world histopathological applications. However, it is costly to recollect a large amount of labeled histology data to train a new neural network for each specified image acquisition procedure even for similar tasks. In this paper, an unsupervised domain adaptation is introduced into a typical deep convolutional neural network (CNN) model to mitigate the repeating of the labels. The unsupervised domain adaptation is implemented by adding two regularisation terms, namely the feature‐based adaptation and entropy minimisation, to the object function of a widely used CNN model called the AlexNet. Three independent public epithelium‐stroma datasets were used to verify the proposed method. The experimental results have demonstrated that in the epithelium‐stroma classification, the proposed method can achieve better performance than the commonly used deep learning methods and some existing deep domain adaptation methods. Therefore, the proposed method can be considered as a better option for the real‐world applications of histopathological image analysis because there is no requirement for recollection of large‐scale labeled data for every specified domain.
Massively parallel approximate Bayesian computation for estimating nanoparticle diffusion coefficients, sizes and concentrations using confocal laser scanning microscopy
Authors: RÖDING M. , BILLETER M. 
Published: April 2018

SummaryWe implement a massively parallel population Monte Carlo approximate Bayesian computation (PMC‐ABC) method for estimating diffusion coefficients, sizes and concentrations of diffusing nanoparticles in liquid suspension using confocal laser scanning microscopy and particle tracking. The method is based on the joint probability distribution of diffusion coefficients and the time spent by a particle inside a detection region where particles are tracked. We present freely available central processing unit (CPU) and graphics processing unit (GPU) versions of the analysis software, and we apply the method to characterize mono‐ and bidisperse samples of fluorescent polystyrene beads.
Sulfatide isoform pattern in cerebrospinal fluid discriminates progressive MS from relapsing‐remitting MS
Authors: Novakova Lenka , Singh Avadhesh Kumar , Axelsson Markus , Ståhlman Marcus , Adiels Martin , Malmeström Clas , Zetterberg Henrik , Borén Jan , Lycke Jan , Cardell Susanna L. , Blomqvist Maria 
Published: April 2018

AbstractMultiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Several biomarkers including proteins and lipids have been reported in MS cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), reflecting different aspects of the pathophysiology particularly of relapsing‐remitting MS (RRMS). Sulfatide, abundant in the myelin sheath and a proposed target for autoimmune attack in MS, has been reported altered in MS CSF. Here, we investigated the potential of CSF sulfatide and its isoforms as biomarkers in MS. A highly sensitive and quantitative mass spectrometry method was employed to determine levels of sulfatide isoforms in CSF from RRMS and progressive MS (PMS) patients, and healthy donors (HD). We demonstrate that levels of total CSF sulfatide and C24:1, C26:1, and C26:1‐OH isoforms were significantly increased in PMS compared with RRMS patients and HD, while C23:0‐OH was significantly decreased in CSF from PMS patients compared to the other two groups. Multivariate discriminant analysis showed that CSF sulfatide isoform pattern in PMS patients was distinct and non‐overlapping with that of RRMS patients and HD. Sulfatide levels did not correlate with tested biomarkers or clinical parameters. The results suggest that CSF sulfatide isoform levels may be used to discriminate the phenotype of MS and might play a role in the progression of the disease.
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Tumor necrosis factor α‐308 G/A and interleukin 1 β‐511 C/T gene polymorphisms in patients with scarring acne
Authors: Akoglu Gulsen , Tan Cagman , Ayvaz Deniz Cagdas , Tezcan Ilhan 
Published: April 2018

SummaryBackgroundAcne is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder which may heal with scarring. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF α) and interleukin 1 β (IL‐1β) are considered as the main responsible proinflammatory mediators of acne pathogenesis. Oversecretion of these cytokines was found to be associated with TNF α‐308 G>A and IL‐1β‐511 C<T polymorphisms.AimTo evaluate the association of TNF α‐308 and IL‐1β‐511 gene polymorphisms with acne and postacne scarring susceptibility and acne severity.MethodsStudy subjects included 90 patients with acne vulgaris (31 males, 59 females; mean age: 19.6 ± 3.7 years) and 30 healthy controls (11 males, 19 females; mean age: 19.2 ± 5.1 years). Patients were sub‐grouped on the basis of acne severity into mild, moderate, and severe acne groups and on the presence postacne scarring into scarring acne and nonscarring acne groups. Peripheral venous blood samples were obtained for performing real‐time PCR analysis for detecting TNF α‐308 and IL‐1β‐511 genotypic variants.ResultsAmong patients, 21.7% (n = 26) had mild, 22.5% (n = 27) had moderate, 30.8% (n = 37) had severe, and 30% (n = 36) had scarring acne. Genotypic variants of TNF α‐308 and IL‐1β‐511 did not statistically differ between acne patients and controls (P values: .245 and .466). When compared in terms of acne severity and the presence of postacne scarring, no statistical significance was observed regarding frequencies of genotypic variants related to the both TNF α‐308 and IL‐1β polymorphisms (P > .05).ConclusionTNF α‐308 and IL‐1β polymorphic variants are not associated with acne and postacne scarring susceptibility and acne severity.
Does Hypoxia‐Inducible Factor ‐1 α (HIF‐1α) C1772T polymorphism predict short‐term prognosis in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC)?
Authors: Prasad Jitender , Goswami Binita , Gowda Srinivas H. , Gupta Nikhil , Kumar Shilpa , Agarwal Kiran , Mehra Pravesh , Pahuja Bindiya K. , Chauhan Anju 
Published: April 2018

BackgroundOral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a cancer of the oral cavity that is a major health problem in India. There is an urgent need to identify biomarkers that have prognostic significance. We studied HIF‐1α levels as well as single‐nucleotide polymorphism of HIF‐1α gene in cancer and healthy controls.MethodsFifty newly diagnosed OSCC patients and 50 age and sex‐matched healthy control were included in the study. Serum concentrations of HIF‐1α were measured by sandwich ELISA; whereas HIF‐1α gene polymorphism study was performed using restriction enzyme digestion by HpH I.ResultsThe major genotype observed was CC genotype in both control (84%) and patients (86%) followed by CT genotype (control 16%, cases 14%). CT genotype led to more aggressive tumors. On subgroup analysis based on prognosis, the median overall survival of patients who were treatment responders was 488 days (16.2 months) and that of the patients with progressive disease was 365 days (12.1 months). The patients who expired during the study observation period had median survival of 330 days (11 months).ConclusionOur study showed that CT genotype for C1772T polymorphism of HIF‐1α predisposes to aggressive tumor phenotype in patients with OSCC. Moreover, patients with CT genotype had poor survival rate as compared to CC genotype. A cut‐off value of 460 pg/mL of HIF‐1α can help to segregate patients with OSCC from healthy controls.