bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Matrix–particle interactions in catalyzed and uncatalyzed copper‐filled epoxy matrix composites
Authors: Tognana Sebastián , Salgueiro Walter , Valcarce Beatriz , Schreiner Wido , Montecinos Susana 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTEpoxy composites filled with copper particles with sizes of the order of 100 μm are studied with the aim of analyzing the particle–matrix interphase. Two matrixes are used: diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A resin (DGEBA)–anhydride catalyzed using a tertiary amine, and uncatalyzed DGEBA–anhydride. The surface of both types of composites was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and instrumented nanoindentation. The formation of Cu(I) and Cu(II) complexes is revealed using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, while instrumented nanoindentation measurements allow us to determine regions with different mechanical properties in the uncatalyzed composite. The influence of anhydride and the type of curing reaction on the formation of copper complexes is analyzed. The main results point out that copper particles can interact strongly with the epoxy, depending on the chemistry and kinetics of the curing reaction, to modify the composite. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47511.
Ionothermal Synthesis of Germanosilicate Zeolites Constructed with Double‐Four‐Ring Structure‐Building Units in the Presence of Organic Base
Authors: Wang Miao , Zhang Ling , Guo Ke , Lin Yutong , Meng Xiangzhi , Huang Pengfei , Wei Ying , Zhang Runduo 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe crystallization chemistry of silica‐based zeolites in ionic liquids remains highly puzzling and interesting in the field of zeolite science. Herein, we report the successful ionothermal synthesis of germanosilicate zeolites. The ionothermal templating effect with respect to the structure, alkalinity and concentration of organic additives was comparatively studied. The results showed that a small amount of organic base could effectively aid the dissolution of silica source and facilitate the crystallization of germanosilicate zeolites with ionic liquid as template. Remarkably, STW and IRR structures constructed with double‐four‐ring (D4R) structure‐building units were ionothermally prepared using 1‐ethyl/butyl‐3‐methyl imidazolium and 1‐benzyl‐3‐methyl imidazolium ionic liquids as template, respectively. Ionothermal synthesis tailored with organic base showed suitable chemistry for the formation of germanium‐containing siliceous D4R units. This finding will be helpful for the rational exploration of novel extra‐large‐pore zeolitic structures.
An Advanced NiCoFeO/Polyaniline Composite for High‐Performance Supercapacitors
Authors: Hu Xi , Liu Lu , Zeng Hong‐Yan , Xu Sheng , Cao Xi , Cao Xiao‐Ju 
Published: January 2019

AbstractTo reduce the charge‐transfer resistance of supercapacitors and achieve faster reversible redox reactions, ternary Ni‐Co‐Fe layered double hydroxide was prepared by using the urea method and then calcined to give NiCoFe oxide (NiCoFeO). To enhance conductivity, a polyaniline (PANI) conductive layer was assembled on the surface of the NiCoFeO particles by in situ oxidative polymerization of aniline monomers. The as‐prepared NiCoFeO/PANI composite was successful employed as a supercapacitor electrode. It was found that the NiCoFeO/PANI composite displayed good cycling stability, with a capacity loss of only 29.54 % after 5000 cycles. Furthermore, the NiCoFeO/PANI composite also exhibited excellent supercapacitor performance, with a high specific capacity of 843 F g−1 at a current density of 2 A g−1, whereas NiCoFeO showed a specific capacity of only 478 F g−1. This result was attributed to the synergistic effect between NiCoFeO and PANI. The facile synthesis strategy and excellent electrochemical performance suggest that NiCoFeO/PANI is a promising economical electrode material for applications in supercapacitors.
Biomass‐Derived Carbon Materials as Prospective Electrodes for High‐Energy Lithium‐ and Sodium‐Ion Capacitors
Authors: Natarajan Subramanian , Lee Yun‐Sung , Aravindan Vanchiappan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBiomass‐derived carbon materials have received special attention as efficient, low‐cost, active materials for charge‐storage devices, regardless of the power system, such as supercapacitors and rechargeable batteries. In this Minireview, we discuss the influence of biomass‐derived carbonaceous materials as positive or negative electrodes (or both) in high‐energy hybrid lithium‐ion configurations with an organic electrolyte. In such hybrid configurations, the electrochemical activity is completely different to conventional electrical double‐layer capacitors; that is, one of the electrodes undergoes a Faradaic reaction, whilst the counter electrode undergoes a non‐Faradaic reaction, to achieve high energy density. The use of a variety of biomass precursors with different properties, such as surface functionality, the presence of inherent heteroatoms, tailored meso‐/microporosity, high specific surface area, various degrees of crystallization, calcination temperature, and atmosphere, are described in detail. Sodium‐ion capacitors are also discussed, because they are an important alternative to lithium‐ion capacitors, owing to the low abundance and high cost of lithium. The electrochemical performance of carbonaceous electrodes in supercapacitors and rechargeable batteries are not discussed.
Robust PID controller for flexible satellite attitude control under angular velocity and control torque constraint
Authors: Li You , Ye Dong 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA PID controller for flexible satellite attitude control with unknown perturbation is proposed in this paper. System inertia uncertainty, stochastic disturbance torque, and perturbation of flexible deformation are discussed, and the controller proposed in this paper is robust to these perturbations. A novel integral term is designed; hence the Lyapunov function structure is modified and the stability proof is simplified. The angular velocity constraint is discussed and a novel method to solve the angular velocity saturation issue is given. The control torque saturation issue is also taken into consideration. Stability for all conditions considered in this paper is proved by the Lyapunov method. The performance of the controller is demonstrated by numerical simulation.
Profiles of vocalization change in children with autism receiving early intervention
Authors: Trembath David , Westerveld Marleen F. , Teppala Srinivas , Thirumanickam Abirami , Sulek Rhylee , Rose Veronica , Tucker Madonna , Paynter Jessica , Hetzroni Orit , Keen Deb , Vivanti Giacomo 
Published: January 2019

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) commonly present with comorbid language impairment, negatively impacting their learning and participation across settings. Addressing these needs requires a detailed understanding of their communication trajectories. In this study, we used the language environment and analysis (LENA) system to examine possible changes in children's (a) vocalizations and (b) ratio of speech to nonspeech vocalizations over a 10‐month period. Data for 23 children with ASD (17M, 6F; ages 32–67 months) were analyzed, including monthly 3‐hr in‐class recordings and standardized measures of language, cognition, and ASD characteristics. Using hierarchical generalized linear models, we found significant time‐trends for child vocalizations (P ≤ 0.001) and the vocalization ratio (P = 0.02), reflecting a waxing and waning pattern. Children with higher expressive language scores (Mullen scales of early learning, Vineland adaptive behavior scales – 2nd Ed.) and nonverbal cognition (Mullen scales of early learning), and fewer ASD characteristics (social communication questionnaire) demonstrated greater increases in the vocalization ratio over time (P values 0.04–0.01). Children with greater language and cognition difficulties were the most vocal, but produced a higher proportion of nonspeech vocalizations. The results demonstrate that significant fluctuations, as opposed to linear increases, may be observed in children with ASD receiving intervention, highlighting the value of assessment at multiple time‐points. In addition, the findings highlight the need to consider both the quantity (vocalization counts) and quality (ratio of speech to nonspeech vocalizations) when interpreting LENA data, with the latter appearing to provide a more robust measure of communication. Autism Research 2019, 12: 830–842. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay AbstractIn this study, we examined possible changes in speech and nonspeech vocalizations in 23 children with autism attending a comprehensive early intervention program over a 10‐month period. Contrary to our expectation, we observed a waxing and waning pattern of change in children's vocalizations over time, rather than a steady increase. We also found evidence to suggest that looking at the quality of children's vocalizations (i.e., the ratio of speech to nonspeech vocalizations) provides a more accurate picture of children's development than simply looking at the quantity (i.e., how frequently they vocalize).
Zur Gestaltung von Fertigteilbrücken
Authors: Gabler Markus , Fakhouri Abdalla , Baumann Katrin 
Published: January 2019

AbstractFertigteilbrücken können in bis zu 75 % kürzerer Bauzeit gegenüber herkömmlicher Bauweise errichtet werden, was sie besonders für den Ersatz baufälliger Überführungsbauwerke attraktiv macht. Denn dadurch kann die Sperrung der überführten Straße auf ein Minimum reduziert werden. In Deutschland spielt die Fertigteilweise bislang jedoch eine untergeordnete Rolle. Allenfalls kommen nur Halbfertigteile zur Anwendung. Es empfiehlt sich daher, den Blick zunächst auf die Praxis in anderen Ländern zu richten. In diesem Artikel werden Erfahrungen aus den Niederlanden, Irland und den USA kurz analysiert, welche auch in deutschen Projekten einfließen könnten.Ein wichtiger Punkt bei der Entwicklung neuer Systeme für Fertigteilbrücken ist die Feststellung, dass die Gestaltung häufig unter der Prämisse leidet, auf wenige einheitliche Bauteile zurückgreifen zu müssen. Dabei kommt meist ein streng rechtwinkliger Grundriss und ein orthogonaler Kreuzungswinkel der Unterbauten zur Anwendung, was solche Bauwerke häufig besonders groß und plump werden lässt.Arup hat zusammen mit Straßen.NRW auf Grundlage dieser Erkenntnisse eine neue Fertigteilbauweise entwickelt, welche im Jahr 2018 anhand von zwei Pilotprojekten erstmals umgesetzt wurde. Neben der Sicherstellung einer kurzen Bauzeit lag dabei ein wesentlicher Fokus auf der Gestaltung der Brücken. Die entwickelte Bauweise und die beiden Überführungsbauwerke bei Werne werden in diesem Beitrag eingehend beschrieben. Zuletzt wird die Frage diskutiert, wie die Fertigteilindustrie in Deutschland reagieren könnte, um diese neue Bauweise hierzulande auch salonfähig zu machen.
Suicide risk in adolescents with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders
Authors: O'Connor Mary J. , Portnoff Larissa C. , Lebsack‐Coleman Michael , Dipple Katrina M. 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundThe teratogenic effects of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) have been extensively documented over the course of 45 years of research and psychiatric problems are pervasive in this population. In adults with PAE, suicidal risk is high but less is known about the suicidal risk in adolescents with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). This study describes the prevalence of suicidal ideation and serious suicide attempts in a sample of 54 adolescents between the ages of 13 and 18 years with FASD.MethodsAdolescents were diagnosed with FASD using the Updated Clinical Guidelines for Diagnosing Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders. The Children's Interview for Psychiatric Syndromes was used to identify those adolescents who experienced suicidal ideation and/or who had made a serious suicide attempt in the last 12 months.ResultsThe prevalence of suicidal behaviors in this sample was high with 35.2% of teens reporting incidences of suicidal ideation and 13.0% reporting at least one serious suicide attempt in the past year. This finding is in contrast to the 17.2% and 2.4% for ideation and serious attempts, respectively, reported in the general U.S. adolescent population. Alarmingly, 29.2% of males with FASD reported a serious suicide attempt which was 19½ times higher than national norms for males. No females reported attempts. Number of home placements and the presence of a depressive disorder contributed to study outcomes.ConclusionsFindings demonstrate the significant risk for suicidality in this population, particularly adolescent males, and the need to assess and treat this life threatening behavior.
Mutational signatures and the genomic landscape of betel quid chewing‐associated tongue carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Weilong , Wang Mu , Wu Qifeng , Zhu Qing , Jiao Yuchen , Zhu Yiming , Yang Beibei , Ni Song , Yu Jianjun , Sun Hong , Zeng Yi‐Xin 
Published: January 2019

AbstractOur study presents the genetic landscape betel quid chewing‐associated tongue carcinomas (BQ‐TCs). We compared the genetic landscape and mutational signatures of 15 BQ‐TCs, five nonbetel quid chewing‐associated tongue carcinomas (nBQ‐TCs), and 82 tongue carcinomas in general population from the TCGA (TCGA‐TCs) project. The highlights of this research mainly include: (a) The genetic landscape of BQ‐TC was characterized with frequent mutations in RASA1 gene and in CpG islands throughout the genome. (b) The BQ‐TC had a distinct mutational signature from that of nBQ‐TC and tongue carcinomas in the general population, and this signature was associated with the mutations in RASA1 and in CpG islands. (c) Our study indicates that betel quid (BQ) chewing classifies a distinct group of tongue carcinoma. The BQ chewing might not contribute to the tumorigenesis of tongue carcinomas as a mutagen.
Brexit and emergent politics: In search of a social psychology
Authors: Andreouli Eleni , Kaposi David , Stenner Paul 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we develop a conceptual and methodological approach that psychologists and other social scientists can employ to study emergence. We consider relevant social psychological approaches and conclude that, for the most part, social psychology has tended to focus on processes of normalisation following disruptions, rather than examining emergence in itself. An exception to this is G. H. Mead, whose work we draw on to theorise emergence with a focus on contemporary “affective politics.” In the second part of the paper, we use focus group data on the European Union referendum in the UK to empirically illustrate our theoretical points. We discuss in particular three axes for exploring the emergent politics of Brexit: political values, political authority, and the authority of affect. We conclude our discussion by reflecting on some of the theoretical and political implications of our analysis.
Chemical Characterization, Antioxidant Capacity and Antimicrobial Potential of Essential Oil from the Leaves of Baccharis oreophilaMalme
Authors: Terezinha de Oliveira Cledes , Lameiro de Noronha Sales Maia Beatriz Helena , Portes Ferriani Aurea , Aparecida Queiroz Santos Vidiany , Antônio Alves da Cunha Mário , Dias Teixeira Sirlei 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis is the first time that composition, antimicrobial potential and antioxidant ability of essential oil from the leaves of Baccharis oreophila are reported. Essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC/MS. Antimicrobial potential was evaluated by diffusion disk and broth microdilution methods. ABTS.+, DPPH. and FRAP methods were employed for antioxidant activity evaluation. Essential oil yield was 0.47 %. Sixty‐five compounds were identified, representing 88.53 % of the total essential oil, which showed to be rich in oxygenated (37.88 %) and hydrocarbons sesquiterpenes (34.84 %). The main constituents were khusimone (16.37 %) and spathulenol (16.12 %). Antimicrobial activity was verified against S. aureus (10.33±0.5 mm, MIC: 1250 μg mL−1) and C. albicans (8.66±0.5 mm, MIC: >2500 μg mL.1). Antioxidant ability was evidenced by FRAP (4.09 μmol FeSO4 E mL−1), ABTS.+ (1.45 μmol TE mL−1) and DPPH. (1.04 μmol TE mL−1) scavenging capacity. Results showed that this essential oil has interesting biological potential, encouraging further investigations especially in relation to action mechanisms of antimicrobial and antioxidant activity.
P450 Monooxygenases Enable Rapid Late‐Stage Diversification of Natural Products via C−H Bond Activation
Authors: Fessner Nico D. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe biological potency of natural products has been exploited for decades. Their inherent structural complexity and natural diversity might hold the key to efficiently address the urgent need for the development of novel pharmaceuticals. At the same time, it is that very complexity, which impedes necessary chemical modifications such as structural diversification, to improve the effectiveness of the drug. For this purpose, Cytochrome P450 enzymes, which possess unique abilities to activate inert sp3‐hybridised C−H bonds in a late‐stage fashion, offer an attractive synthetic tool. In this review the potential of cytochrome P450 enzymes in chemoenzymatic lead diversification is illustrated discussing studies reporting late‐stage functionalisations of natural products and other high‐value compounds. These enzymes were proven to extend the synthetic toolbox significantly by adding to the flexibility and efficacy of synthetic strategies of natural product chemists, and scientists of other related disciplines.
Indacyclopentadienes and Aromatic Indacyclopentadienyl Dianions: Synthesis and Characterization
Authors: Zhang Yongliang , Yang Zhenqiang , Zhang Wen‐Xiong , Xi Zhenfeng 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA series of unprecedented metallacycles of indium, including indacyclopentadienes (2), spiro indacyclopentadienes (3), aromatic indacyclopentadienyl dianions with an In−Li bond (4), and aromatic indacyclopentadienyl dianions with an In−In bond (5), were synthesized and structurally characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray structural analysis for the first time. Both indacyclopentadienes 2 and 3 were synthesized by reaction of 1,4‐dilithio‐1,3‐butadienes with InCl3. Structural transformations between 2 and 3 were observed. Reduction of indacyclopentadienes 2 with an excess amount of lithium afforded aromatic indacyclopentadienyl dianions 4 with an In−Li bond or 5 with an In−In bond, respectively, depending on the substituents on the ring. The aromatic character of 4 and 5 was confirmed by both experimental measurements and theoretical analysis.
Enantioseparation of chiral pharmaceuticals by vancomycin‐bonded stationary phase and analysis of chiral recognition mechanism
Authors: Li Jiaxi , Liu Ruixia , Wang Liyang , Liu Xiaoling , Gao Hongjie 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe drug chirality is attracting increasing attention because of different biological activities, metabolic pathways, and toxicities of chiral enantiomers. The chiral separation has been a great challenge. Optimized high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods based on vancomycin chiral stationary phase (CSP) were developed for the enantioseparation of propranolol, atenolol, metoprolol, venlafaxine, fluoxetine, and amlodipine. The retention and enantioseparation properties of these analytes were investigated in the variety of mobile phase additives, flow rate, and column temperature. As a result, the optimal chromatographic condition was achieved using methanol as a main mobile phase with triethylamine (TEA) and glacial acetic acid (HOAc) added as modifiers in a volume ratio of 0.01% at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/minute and at a column temperature of 5°C. The thermodynamic parameters (eg, ΔH, ΔΔH, and ΔΔS) from linear van 't Hoff plots revealed that the retention of investigated pharmaceuticals on vancomycin CSP was an exothermic process. The nonlinear behavior of lnk′ against 1/T for propranolol, atenolol, and metoprolol suggested the presence of multiple binding mechanisms for these analytes on CSP with variation of temperature. The simulated interaction processes between vancomycin and pharmaceutical enantiomers using molecular docking technique and binding energy calculations indicated that the calculated magnitudes of steady combination energy (ΔG) coincided with experimental elution order for most of these enantiomers.
Locally efficient semiparametric estimators for a class of Poisson models with measurement error
Authors: Liu Jianxuan , Ma Yanyuan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe presence of measurement error may cause bias in parameter estimation and can lead to incorrect conclusions in data analyses. Despite a large body of literature on general measurement error problems, relatively few works exist to handle Poisson models. In this article we thoroughly study Poisson models with errors in covariates and propose consistent and locally efficient semiparametric estimators. We assess the finite sample performance of the estimators through extensive simulation studies and illustrate the proposed methodologies by analyzing data from the Stroke Recovery in Underserved Populations Study. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 47: 157–181; 2019 © 2019 Statistical Society of Canada
Exposure‐Response Analysis for Efficacy of Daclatasvir, Asunaprevir, and Beclabuvir Combinations in HCV‐Infected Patients
Authors: Ueno T. , Osawa M. , Shiozaki T. , Green M. , Garimella T. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe combination regimen of daclatasvir, asunaprevir, and beclabuvir (3DAA regimen) was developed as a fixed‐dose combination for the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Japan. The objectives of this analysis were to characterize the relationship between drug exposure and sustained virologic response at posttreatment week 12 (SVR12) in HCV‐infected subjects and to evaluate the impact of demographic covariates and clinical factors on the exposure‐response (E‐R) relationship. The E‐R efficacy analysis was performed with data from phase 2 and phase 3 studies in HCV‐infected subjects treated with the 3DAA regimen. The relationship between the probability of achieving SVR12 and exposure to daclatasvir, asunaprevir, and beclabuvir was described using a logistic regression model and included assessments of the potential covariate effects. The impacts of the covariates on the rate of SVR12 and interactions of covariates with the individual drug effects were tested. The final model for SVR12 included effects of non–genotype‐1a status, resistance‐associated NS5A‐Q30 substitution in genotype‐1a subjects, and baseline RNA level on the intercept, and effect of prior peg‐interferon failure on the beclabuvir slope. Sex, race, age, weight, fibrosis score, alanine transaminase, and cirrhosis status had no statistically significant impact on the rate of SVR12. The individual E‐R relationships with each drug, were relatively flat, and the effects of exposure were not significant. With the exception of the NS5A‐Q30 substitution in genotype‐1a subjects, statistically significant covariate effects had little impact on SVR12 rates. Overall, the E‐R model was developed that captured the high SVR12 rates and the effect of covariates for the 3DAA regimen in HCV‐infected patients.