bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using water‐miscible nonionic hydrophobic monomer associating HPAM as drag reducing agent
Authors: Jing Xianwu , Liu Youquan , Li Wei , Xu Yuan , Huang Zhiyu 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTA water‐miscible nonionic surfmer (AC‐TX100) was synthesized based on Triton X‐100 and acryloyl chloride. Then, a terpolymer P(AM/AA/AC‐TX100) was synthesized by free radical polymerization in aqueous solution and intended to be used as drag reducing agent (DRA). The DRA was defined to be P(AM87.32/AA12.46/AC‐TX1000.22) according to 1H NMR and elemental analysis, the molecular weight was 2.12 × 106 g/mol according to scattering method. DRA shows excellent performance in drag reduction (DR). The highest DR rate of 76% can be obtained when DRA concentration is 0.023% in fresh water; while in brine containing 3% NaCl, DR rate decreases, and it is necessary to increase the concentration to 0.05% to ensure that DR rate is higher than 70%. SEM and cryo‐TEM show that DRA forms a network structure in aqueous solution, and the tightness of this structure has a direct influence on DR performance. Specifically, DRA molecules stretch into the whirlpools generated by water at high flow rates, reducing the quantity and intensity of whirlpools, thereby lowering the energy loss and the friction. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48362.
Peripheral Nervous System Disease in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Results From an International Inception Cohort Study
Authors: Hanly John G. , Li Qiuju , Su Li , Urowitz Murray B. , Gordon Caroline , Bae Sang‐Cheol , Romero‐Diaz Juanita , Sanchez‐Guerrero Jorge , Bernatsky Sasha , Clarke Ann E. , Wallace Daniel J. , Isenberg David A. , Rahman Anisur , Merrill Joan T. , Fortin Paul R. , Gladman Dafna D. , Bruce Ian N. , Petri Michelle , Ginzler Ellen M. , Dooley M. A. , Steinsson Kristjan , Ramsey‐Goldman Rosalind , Zoma Asad A. , Manzi Susan , Nived Ola , Jonsen Andreas , Khamashta Munther A. , Alarcón Graciela S. , Svenungsson Elisabet , van Vollenhoven Ronald F. , Aranow Cynthia , Mackay Meggan , Ruiz‐Irastorza Guillermo , Ramos‐Casals Manuel , Lim S. Sam , Inanc Murat , Kalunian Kenneth C. , Jacobsen Soren , Peschken Christine A. , Kamen Diane L. , Askanase Anca , Theriault Chris , Farewell Vernon 
Published: August 2019

ObjectiveTo determine the frequency, clinical characteristics, associations, and outcomes of different types of peripheral nervous system (PNS) disease in a multiethnic/multiracial, prospective inception cohort of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients.MethodsPatients were evaluated annually for 19 neuropsychiatric (NP) events including 7 types of PNS disease. SLE disease activity, organ damage, autoantibodies, and patient and physician assessment of outcome were measured. Time to event and linear regressions were used as appropriate.ResultsOf 1,827 SLE patients, 88.8% were female, and 48.8% were white. The mean ± SD age was 35.1 ± 13.3 years, disease duration at enrollment was 5.6 ± 4.2 months, and follow‐up was 7.6 ± 4.6 years. There were 161 PNS events in 139 (7.6%) of 1,827 patients. The predominant events were peripheral neuropathy (66 of 161 [41.0%]), mononeuropathy (44 of 161 [27.3%]), and cranial neuropathy (39 of 161 [24.2%]), and the majority were attributed to SLE. Multivariate Cox regressions suggested longer time to resolution in patients with a history of neuropathy, older age at SLE diagnosis, higher SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 scores, and for peripheral neuropathy versus other neuropathies. Neuropathy was associated with significantly lower Short Form 36 (SF‐36) physical and mental component summary scores versus no NP events. According to physician assessment, the majority of neuropathies resolved or improved over time, which was associated with improvements in SF‐36 summary scores for peripheral neuropathy and mononeuropathy.ConclusionPNS disease is an important component of total NPSLE and has a significant negative impact on health‐related quality of life. The outcome is favorable for most patients, but our findings indicate that several factors are associated with longer time to resolution.
Diagnostic accuracy of dynamic contrast‐enhanced perfusion MRI in stratifying gliomas: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Okuchi Sachi , Rojas‐Garcia Antonio , Ulyte Agne , Lopez Ingeborg , Ušinskienė Jurgita , Lewis Martin , Hassanein Sara M , Sanverdi Eser , Golay Xavier , Thust Stefanie , Panovska‐Griffiths Jasmina , Bisdas Sotirios 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundT1‐weighted dynamic contrast‐enhanced (DCE) perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been broadly utilized in the evaluation of brain tumors. We aimed at assessing the diagnostic accuracy of DCE‐MRI in discriminating between low‐grade gliomas (LGGs) and high‐grade gliomas (HGGs), between tumor recurrence and treatment‐related changes, and between primary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSLs) and HGGs.MethodsWe performed this study based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis of Diagnostic Test Accuracy Studies criteria. We systematically surveyed studies evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of DCE‐MRI for the aforementioned entities. Meta‐analysis was conducted with the use of a random effects model.ResultsTwenty‐seven studies were included after screening of 2945 possible entries. We categorized the eligible studies into three groups: those utilizing DCE‐MRI to differentiate between HGGs and LGGs (14 studies, 546 patients), between recurrence and treatment‐related changes (9 studies, 298 patients) and between PCNSLs and HGGs (5 studies, 224 patients). The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve for differentiating HGGs from LGGs were 0.93, 0.90, and 0.96, for differentiating tumor relapse from treatment‐related changes were 0.88, 0.86, and 0.89, and for differentiating PCNSLs from HGGs were 0.78, 0.81, and 0.86, respectively.ConclusionsDynamic contrast‐enhanced‐Magnetic resonance imaging is a promising noninvasive imaging method that has moderate or high accuracy in stratifying gliomas. DCE‐MRI shows high diagnostic accuracy in discriminating between HGGs and their low‐grade counterparts, and moderate diagnostic accuracy in discriminating recurrent lesions and treatment‐related changes as well as PCNSLs and HGGs.
Profiles of the Essential Oils and Headspace Analysis of Volatiles from Mandragora autumnalis Growing Wild in Tunisia
Authors: Arbia Feten , Ayari‐Gribaa Olfa , Souilem Fedia , Chiboub Wiem , Zardi‐Berguaoui Afifa , Jannet Hichem Ben , Ascrizzi Roberta , Flamini Guido , Harzallah‐Skhiri Fethia 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMandragora autumnalis Bertol. (Solanaceae family), synonym of M. officinalis Mill., occurs in North Africa and grows natively in Northern and Central Tunisia, in humid to sub‐arid climates. The ripe fruits of mandrake are odiferous with a particular, indescribable, specific odor, shared, to a lesser extent, by the leaves and roots. We carried out an investigation of the essential oils (EOs) and of the aromatic volatiles emitted by fresh leaves, roots and ripe fruits of M. autumnalis growing wild in Central Tunisia. The EOs were obtained from freshly collected plant material by hydrodistillation, while the volatile emissions from the powdered M. autumnalis tissues were sampled by headspace solid phase microextraction (HS‐SPME); both types of samples were analyzed by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Fifty‐one compounds representing 96.2–98.6 % of the total oil compositions were identified in the three tissues and belonged to different chemical classes specifically in 16 esters, 12 alcohols, 12 hydrocarbons, 6 ketones, 3 aldehydes and 3 acids. The main constituents were pentadecanoic acid (34.2 %) and hexadecanol (26.3 %). A total of 78 volatile compounds emanating from M. autumnalis tissues, representing 94.1–96.4 % of the total volatile compositions, were identified: 22 esters, 11 alcohols, 9 aldehydes, 14 ketones, 7 nitrogen, 10 hydrocarbons, 2 lactones, 1 sulfur and 2 ethers. Ethyl hexanoate (12.3 %) and 1,3‐butanediol (12.3 %) were at the highest relative percentages. This study characterizes and distinguishes M. autumnalis from Tunisia and attributes the compounds responsible for the intoxicating and particular odor of fruits. Chemosystematic of Mandragora autumnalis based on the identification of essential oils and headspace volatiles of each of its organ can be used to characterize this species according to its geographic distribution.
Endovascular coil embolization of a complex aortic arch pseudoaneurysm following arch stenting
Authors: Meijs Timion A. , Krings Gregor J. , Molenschot Mirella M. C. , Voskuil Michiel 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPseudoaneurysm formation is a life‐threatening complication of thoracic aortic stenting due to the high risk of rupture. When located in the aortic arch, anatomic features may pose difficulties in choosing the optimal treatment strategy. Here, we describe the first poststenting aortic arch pseudoaneurysm treated by endovascular coil embolization. This approach, which we performed in a multidisciplinary setting, may be a feasible alternative in patients not considered suitable for open repair or stent‐grafting. As an acute pseudoaneurysm may develop and rapidly expand during the first days after aortic stenting, early follow‐up imaging is preferable.
Electrochemical Oxidation of Theophylline in Organic Solvents: HPLC‐PDA‐ESI‐MS/MS Analysis of the Oxidation Products
Authors: Chiarotto Isabella , Mattiello Leonardo , Pandolfi Fabiana , Rocco Daniele , Feroci Marta , Petrucci Rita 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe electrochemical oxidation of theophylline was investigated by controlled potential electrolysis in two different organic solvents and in water for comparison. The anodic oxidation was monitored by cyclic voltammetry in situ and UV‐Vis spectrophotometry ex situ and the final electrolyzed solutions were analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry after chromatographic separation with an HPLC‐PDA‐ESI‐MS/MS system. The main oxidation products evidenced as the main diode array chromatographic peaks were tentatively assigned to dimeric forms of theophylline, two of which have never been reported before, on the base of retention time, UV‐Vis spectrum, m/z ratio in both positive and negative ESI modes and fragmentation pattern. Two chemical paths following the primary mono‐electronic anodic oxidation of theophylline to the final evidenced oxidation products have been proposed.
Studying the cold sintering process of zinc ferrite as an incongruent dissolution system
Authors: Kamani Mahsa , Yourdkhani Amin , Poursalehi Reza , Sarraf‐Mamoory Rasoul 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this research, cold sintering process (CSP) was successfully applied for zinc ferrite. A Pechini‐type sol‐gel method was used to synthesize two types of powders, a single‐phase powder and a multiphase powder consisting of zinc ferrite, hematite, and zinc oxide. The powders were chemically treated in 12 M solution of acetic acid in ethanol. Our investigations indicated that zinc dissolves incongruently from zinc ferrite with respect to iron. Then, the chemically treated powders were mixed with 18‐21 weight percent (wt%) treatment solution to utilize for the CSP. Our studies indicated that the CSP of the chemically treated multiphase powder results in single‐phase zinc ferrite samples. Conversely, the CSP of the chemically treated single‐phase zinc ferrite powder led to samples having hematite as the secondary phase. The CSP at 350°C under 300 MPa uniaxial pressure for four hours and postannealing at 750°C for six hours resulted in samples with 93% relative density. Microstructure studies revealed that the samples under CSP were sintered with well‐defined grains and grain boundaries. This study is an introduction to develop the CSP for the sintering of technologically important transition metal ferrites.
Predictors of skeletal‐related events and mortality in men with metastatic, castration‐resistant prostate cancer: Results from the Shared Equal Access Regional Cancer Hospital (SEARCH) database
Authors: Tablazon Ingrid Lorese , Howard Lauren E. , De Hoedt Amanda M. , Aronson William J. , Kane Christopher J. , Amling Christopher L. , Cooperberg Matthew R. , Terris Martha K. , Freedland Stephen J. , Williams Stephen B. 
Published: August 2019

BackgroundAlthough skeletal‐related events (SREs) are linked with a reduced quality of life and worse outcomes, to the authors' knowledge the factors that predict SREs are minimally understood. The objective of the current study was to identify predictors of SREs and all‐cause mortality among men with metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).MethodsData were collected on 837 men with bone mCRPC at 8 Veterans Affairs medical centers within the Shared Equal Access Regional Cancer Hospital (SEARCH) database from 2000 through 2017. Patients were followed to assess development of SREs (pathological fracture, radiotherapy to bone, spinal cord compression, or surgery to bone). Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate predictors of SREs and mortality.ResultsOf the 837 men with bone mCRPC, 287 developed a SRE and 740 men died (median follow‐up, 26 months). Bone pain was found to be the strongest predictor of SREs (hazard ratio [HR], 2.96; 95% CI, 2.25‐3.89). A shorter time from CRPC to the development of metastasis (HR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.85‐0.99), shorter progression to CRPC (HR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.91‐0.98), and visceral metastasis at the time of diagnosis of bone metastasis (HR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.18‐3.09) were associated with an increased risk of SREs. Ten or more bone metastases (HR, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.72‐2.74), undergoing radical prostatectomy (HR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.61‐0.89), shorter progression to CRPC (HR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.94‐0.99), older age (HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.02‐1.04), higher prostate‐specific antigen level at the time of diagnosis of metastasis (HR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.14‐1.28), bone pain (HR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.23‐1.70), and visceral metastasis (HR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.23‐2.39) were associated with an increased mortality risk.ConclusionsAmong men with bone mCRPC, bone pain was found to be the strongest predictor of SREs and the number of bone metastases was a strong predictor of mortality. If validated, these factors potentially may be used for risk stratification and for SRE prevention strategies.
Virtual network function–forwarding graph embedding: A genetic algorithm approach
Authors: Pham Tran Anh Quang , Sanner Jean‐Michel , Morin Cédric , Hadjadj‐Aoul Yassine 
Published: August 2019

SummaryNetwork function virtualization (NFV) provides a simple and effective mean to deploy and manage network and telecommunications' services. A typical service can be expressed in the form of a virtual network function–forwarding graph (VNF‐FG). Allocating a VNF‐FG is equivalent to place VNFs and virtual links onto a given substrate network considering resources and quality‐of‐service (QoS) constraints. The deployment of VNF‐FGs in large‐scale networks, such that QoS measures and deployment cost are optimized, is an emerging challenge. Single‐objective VNF‐FGs allocation has been addressed in existing literature; however, there is still a lack of studies considering multiobjective VNF‐FGs allocation. In addition, it is not trivial to obtain optimal VNF‐FGs allocation due to its high computational complexity even in case of single‐objective VNF‐FGs allocation. Genetic algorithms (GAs) have been proved its ability in coping with multiobjective optimization problems; thus, we propose a GA‐based scheme to solve multiobjective VNF‐FGs allocation problem in this paper. The numerical results confirm that the proposed scheme can provide near Pareto‐optimal solutions within a short execution time.
Ceramide: a novel inducer for neural tube defects
Authors: Ross Micah M. , Piorczynski Ted B. , Harvey Jamison , Burnham Tyson S. , Francis Morgan , Larsen Madison W. , Roe Kyle , Hansen Jason M. , Stark Michael R. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundCirculating plasma ceramides, a class of bioactive sphingolipids, are elevated in metabolic disorders, including obesity. Infants of women with these disorders are at 2‐ to 3‐fold greater risk for developing a neural tube defect (NTD). This study aimed to test the effects of embryonic exposure to C2‐ceramides (C2) during neural tube closure. Preliminary data shows an increase in NTDs in chick embryos after C2 exposure, and addresses potential mechanisms.ResultsCell and embryo models were used to examine redox shifts after ceramide exposure. While undifferentiated P19 cells were resistant to ceramide exposure, neuronally differentiated P19 cells exhibited an oxidizing shift. Consistent with these observations, GSH E
h curves revealed a shift to a more oxidized state in C2 treated embryos without increasing apoptosis or changing Pax3 expression, however cell proliferation was lower. Neural tube defects were observed in 45% of chick embryos exposed to C2, compared to 12% in control embryos.ConclusionsC2 exposure during critical developmental stages increased the frequency of NTDs in the avian model. Increased ROS generation in cell culture, along with the more oxidative GSH E
h profiles of C2 exposed cells and embryos, support a model wherein ceramide affects neural tube closure via altered tissue redox environments.
Spatiotemporal characterization of dynamic epithelial filopodia during zebrafish epiboly
Authors: Rutherford Nathan E. , Wong Alexander H. , Bruce Ashley E. E. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundDuring zebrafish epiboly, the embryonic cell mass, or blastoderm, spreads to enclose the yolk cell. The blastoderm consists of an outer epithelial sheet, the enveloping layer (EVL), and the underlying deep cell layer (DEL). Studies have provided insights into the mechanisms of EVL and deep cell epiboly, but little is known about the interactions between the two cell layers and what role they may play during epiboly.ResultsWe used live imaging to examine EVL basal protrusions. We identified them as filopodia based on f‐actin content and localization of fluorescently tagged filopodial markers. A spatiotemporal analysis revealed that the largest number of EVL filopodia were present during early epiboly at the animal pole. In functional studies, expression of a constitutively active actin‐bundling protein resulted in increased filopodial length and delayed gastrulation.ConclusionsWe identified protrusions on the basal surface of EVL cells as filopodia and showed that they are present throughout the EVL during epiboly. The largest number of filopodia was at the animal pole during early epiboly, which is when and where deep cell radial intercalations occur to the greatest extent. These findings suggest that EVL filopodia may function during epiboly to promote deep cell rearrangements during epiboly initiation.
No evidence for local adaptation and an epigenetic underpinning in native and non‐native ruderal plant species in Germany
Authors: Herden Jasmin , Eckert Silvia , Stift Marc , Joshi Jasmin , van Kleunen Mark 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Many invasive species have rapidly adapted to different environments in their new ranges. This is surprising, as colonization is usually associated with reduced genetic variation. Heritable phenotypic variation with an epigenetic basis may explain this paradox.

Here, we assessed the contribution of DNA methylation to local adaptation in native and naturalized non‐native ruderal plant species in Germany. We reciprocally transplanted offspring from natural populations of seven native and five non‐native plant species between the Konstanz region in the south and the Potsdam region in the north of Germany. Before the transplant, half of the seeds were treated with the demethylation agent zebularine. We recorded survival, flowering probability, and biomass production as fitness estimates.

Contrary to our expectations, we found little evidence for local adaptation, both among the native and among the non‐native plant species. Zebularine treatment had mostly negative effects on overall plant performance, regardless of whether plants were local or not, and regardless of whether they were native or non‐native.

Synthesis. We conclude that local adaptation, at least at the scale of our study, plays no major role in the success of non‐native and native ruderal plants. Consequently, we found no evidence yet for an epigenetic basis of local adaptation.
Global genetic diversity, lineage distribution, and Wolbachia infection of the alfalfa weevil Hypera postica (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: Sanaei Ehsan , Husemann Martin , Seiedy Marjan , Rethwisch Michael , Tuda Midori , Toshova Teodora B. , Kim Min Jee , Atanasova Daniela , Kim Iksoo 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe alfalfa weevil (Hypera postica) is a well‐known example of a worldwide‐distributed pest with high genetic variation. Based on the mitochondrial genes, the alfalfa weevil clusters into two main mitochondrial lineages. However, there is no clear picture of the global diversity and distribution of these lineages; neither the drivers of its diversification are known. However, it appears likely that historic demographic events including founder effects played a role. In addition, Wolbachia, a widespread intracellular parasite/symbiont, likely played an important role in the evolution of the species. Wolbachia infection so far was only detected in the Western lineage of H. postica with no information on the infecting strain, its frequency, and its consequences on the genetic diversity of the host. We here used a combination of mitochondrial and nuclear sequences of the host and sequence information on Wolbachia to document the distribution of strains and the degree of infection. The Eastern lineage has a higher genetic diversity and is found in the Mediterranean, the Middle East, Eastern Europe, and eastern America, whereas the less diverse Western lineage is found in Central Europe and the western America. Both lineages are infected with the same common strain of Wolbachia belonging to Supergroup B. Based on neutrality tests, selection tests, and the current distribution and diversification of Wolbachia in H. postica, we suggested the Wolbachia infection did not shape genetic diversity of the host. The introduced populations in the United States are generally genetically less diverse, which is in line with founder effects.