bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circadian rhythm bifurcation induces flexible phase resetting by reducing circadian amplitude
Authors: Noguchi Takako , Harrison Elizabeth M. , Sun Jonathan , May Deborah , Ng Alan , Welsh David K. , Gorman Michael R. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractShift‐work and jet‐lag–related disorders are caused by the limited flexibility of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), a master circadian clock in the hypothalamus, to adjust to new light–dark (LD) cycles. Recent findings confirmed here establish that behavioral jet lag after simulated time‐zone travel is virtually eliminated following bifurcated circadian entrainment under a novel and atypical 24‐h light:dark:light:dark (LDLD) cycle. To investigate the mechanisms of this fast resetting, we examined the oscillatory stability of the SCN and peripheral tissues in LDLD‐bifurcated mice employing the dissection procedure as a perturbing resetting stimulus. SCN, lung, liver, and adrenal tissue were extracted at times throughout the day from female and male PER2::Luciferase knock‐in mice entrained to either LDLD or a normal LD cycle. Except for adrenals, the phase of the cultured explants was more strongly set by dissection under LDLD than under normal LD. Acute bioluminescence levels of SCN explants indicate that the rhythm amplitude of PER2 is reduced and phase is altered in LDLD. Real‐time quantitative PCR suggests that amplitude and rhythmicity of canonical clock genes in the lung, liver, and kidney are also significantly reduced in LDLD in vivo. Furthermore, spatiotemporal patterns of PER2 peak time in cultured SCN were altered in LDLD. These results suggest that altered gene expression patterns in the SCN caused by bifurcation likely result in fast resetting of behavior and cultured explants, consistent with previously reported mathematical models. Thus, non‐invasive, simple light manipulations can make circadian rhythms more adaptable to abrupt shifts in the environmental LD cycle.
Progressively analogous evidence of covert face recognition from functional magnetic resonance imaging and skin conductance responses studies involving a patient with dissociative amnesia
Authors: Chechko Natalya , Stickel Susanne , Kellermann Thilo , Kirner Andre , Habel Ute , Fernández Guillén , Schneider Frank , Kohn Nils 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis is a case study involving a female patient (NN) with complete loss of autobiographical memory and identity despite normal neurological assessment. To test the hypothesis that patients with dissociative amnesia (DA) possess the ability to covertly process facial identities they are unaware of, we conducted functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and assessed skin conductance responses (SCR) to (a) strangers, (b) celebrities, and (c) familiar faces not seen since the onset of DA. We also performed associative face‐name memory tasks to test the patient's ability to learn and recall newly learned face‐name pairs. Although NN did not recognize any of the faces of her friends and relatives, their images triggered a stronger involvement of the left fusiform gyrus, the bilateral hippocampus/amygdala region, the orbitofrontal cortex, the middle temporal regions, and the precuneus, along with higher SCR. During recollection of previously learned face‐name pairs, NN (compared to healthy controls) demonstrated a weaker involvement of the hippocampus. Our findings suggest that, in DA, specific arousal systems remain capable of being activated by familiar faces outside of conscious awareness. The decreased activation observed in the hippocampus demonstrates that the functioning of memory‐sensitive regions may be impaired by trauma.
Self‐awareness and self‐understanding
Authors: Rousse B. Scot 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn this paper, I critically examine Dan Zahavi's multidimensional account of the self and show how the distinction he makes among “pre‐reflective minimal,” “interpersonal,” and “normative” dimensions of selfhood needs to be refined in order to accommodate what I call “pre‐reflective self‐understanding.” The latter is a normative dimension of selfhood manifest not in reflection and deliberation, but in the habits and style of a person's pre‐reflective absorption in the world. After reviewing Zahavi's multidimensional account and revealing this gap in his explanatory taxonomy, I draw upon Heidegger, Merleau‐Ponty, and Frankfurt in order to sketch an account of pre‐reflective self‐understanding. I end by raising an objection to Zahavi's claim for the primitive and foundational status of pre‐reflective self‐awareness. To carve off self‐awareness from the self's practical immersion in a situation where things and possibilities already matter and draw one to act is to distort the phenomena. A more careful phenomenology of pre‐reflective action shows that pre‐reflective self‐awareness and pre‐reflective self‐understanding are co‐constitutive, both mutually for each other and jointly for everyday experience.
UVB‐inhibited H19 activates melanogenesis by paracrine effects
Authors: Pei Shiyao , Huang Jinhua , Chen Jing , Hu Shuanghai , Lei Li , Fu Chuhan , Jiang Ling , Ding Yufang , Leng Yiming , Huang Lihua , Xiang Hong , Zeng Qinghai 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe long noncoding RNA H19 was reported to associate with melanogenesis. However, it remains unknown whether H19 expression will be changed by UVB irradiation and whether H19 will regulate melanocytes melanogenesis by paracrine effects. Here, we analysed the expression changes of H19 irradiated by UVB in keratinocytes and explored the mechanism of melanogenesis stimulated by H19 through paracrine effects. First, after keratinocytes were exposed to UVB irradiation, expression of H19 and pro‐opiomelanocortin (POMC) was measured by qRT‐PCR. Also, α‐melanocyte‐stimulating hormone (α‐MSH) contents in cells supernatant were measured by ELISA. Then, H19 siRNAs were designed and transfected into keratinocytes by liposome. The expression changes of H19, POMC and α‐MSH were detected. Besides, expression of p53 was detected by Western blot. After that, supernatant of keratinocytes with H19 siRNAs or negative control siRNA was cocultured with immortalized melanocyte line PIG1. Expression levels of MiTF, TYR, Rab27A, TYRP2, FSCN1 and MYO5A in PIG1 cells were detected by Western blot and qRT‐PCR. We found that H19 expression of keratinocytes cells decreased after UVB irradiation. However, the levels of POMC, α‐MSH and p53 were upregulated in UVB‐irradiated cells. Compared with the negative control, H19 siRNAs could significantly increase the expression of POMC, α‐MSH and p53. After supernatant of keratinocytes transfected with H19 siRNAs was cocultured with PIG1 cells, the levels of MiTF, TYR and Rab27A were upregulated in PIG1 cells. In conclusion, UVB‐inhibited H19 may promote α‐MSH secretion by p53 in keratinocytes and then regulate melanocytes melanogenesis through paracrine effects.
Periodontal disease among older people and its impact on oral health‐related quality of life
Authors: Kato Takahiro , Abrahamsson Ingemar , Wide Ulla , Hakeberg Magnus 
Published: July 2018

ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to evaluate the associations between degree of periodontal disease and number of teeth on oral health‐related quality of life among older individuals.Material and methodsRandomly selected 804 participants aged ≥70 derived from two cohorts were included in the analysis. Dental examinations and evaluation of OHRQL using the OHIP‐14 (Oral Health Impact Profile‐14) were performed. After categorisation of the participants according to the extent of periodontitis in three groups (none, localised with <30% of teeth affected, generalised with ≥30% of teeth affected) and the number of teeth, associations between periodontal status and the number of teeth and the OHIP‐14 scores were analysed. Multivariable regression analyses were used taking into account level of periodontitis, number of teeth, age and sex.ResultsAmong 70‐year‐old men and women, generalised periodontitis showed an association with poor OHRQL. However, a multivariable analysis failed to demonstrate this association (OR = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.72‐1.44). In participants with 1‐10 remaining teeth, the OHIP‐14 score was significantly increased indicating poor OHRQL, compared with participants with ≥21 remaining teeth (OR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.13‐2.19). Similar findings were observed among women aged 70‐92 years.ConclusionsPeriodontitis did not show an association with poor OHRQL, however, a significant association between the number of teeth and poor OHRQL was found.
Anticholinergic drugs use and risk of hip fracture in geriatric patients
Authors: Kose Eiji , Hirai Toshiyuki , Seki Toshiichi 
Published: July 2018

AimLimited research exists regarding the effect of anticholinergic drugs on fracture in geriatric Japanese patients. The aim of the present study was to establish whether anticholinergic load affects hip fracture and to clarify the risk based on the Anticholinergic Risk Scale score among geriatric patients in a convalescent rehabilitation setting.MethodsThe present nested case–control study included consecutive geriatric patients admitted and discharged from the convalescent rehabilitation ward between 2010 and 2016. Participants were divided based on the presence or absence of hip fracture during hospitalization. Demographic data, laboratory data and the Functional Independence Measure were analyzed between groups. The primary outcome was the presence of hip fracture. Multiple logistic regression analysis was carried out to analyze the relationship between anticholinergic drug use and hip fracture.ResultsIn total, 601 participants (210 men, 391 women; interquartile range 73–85 years) were included in the present study. Multiple logistic regression analysis of hip fracture, adjusting for confounding factors, showed that anticholinergic drug use was independently and positively correlated with hip fracture. In particular, an increase in the Anticholinergic Risk Scale score by 2 points correlates with a 2.86‐fold greater risk for hip fracture, and an increase of ≥3 points results in a 4.21‐fold greater risk, both being statistically significant results.ConclusionIncreased anticholinergic load during hospitalization might be a predictor of increased hip fracture in geriatric patients. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018; 18: 1340–1344.
Dementia and Alzheimer's disease risks in patients with autoimmune disorders
Authors: Li Xinjun , Sundquist Jan , Zöller Bengt , Sundquist Kristina 
Published: July 2018

AimTo investigate an association between autoimmune disorders (AID) and hospitalization for dementia and Alzheimer's disease, and to study whether the risk is associated with follow‐up time and age.MethodsWe followed up all individuals in Sweden without previous hospital admission for dementia and Alzheimer's disease, and with a primary or secondary diagnosis of an AID between 1 January 1964 and 31 December 2010, in the Swedish National Patient Register for dementia and Alzheimer's disease. The Swedish National Patient Register includes both inpatients and outpatients. We calculated standardized incidence ratios (SIR) for dementia and Alzheimer's disease, adjusted for individual variables, including age, sex and comorbidities.ResultsA total of 788 103 individuals were admitted to hospital because of an autoimmune disorder without previous dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Among a total of 42 conditions of AID, 9998 dementia and Alzheimer's disease patients were identified with a SIR of 1.28 (95% CI 1.26–1.31). A total of 17 showed an increased risk, and of those the remaining, 14 conditions were still at risk, when dementia and Alzheimer's disease diagnosed in the year of AID diagnosed were excluded. The risks depended on the age at hospitalization for dementia and Alzheimer's disease.ConclusionsThe present large study quantified the increased risks of dementia and Alzheimer's disease in patients with many types of AID. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018; 18: 1350–1355.
Moderating effect of emotional support on the relationship between disability and life satisfaction in older adults
Authors: Haron Sharifah A , Foong Hui F , Hamid Tengku A 
Published: July 2018

AimDisability is strongly linked to poorer life satisfaction among older persons. Such close correlations warrant better understanding of the underlying moderator in which negative effects of the former on the latter can be reduced. More specifically, it is the aim of this study to examine the moderating effect of emotional support on the relationship between disability and life satisfaction.MethodsThe study included 2322 nationally represented community‐dwelling older persons in Malaysia who participated in the baseline study of Neuroprotective Model for Healthy Longevity. In order to test the moderating effect of emotional support on the association between disability and life satisfaction, a series of hierarchical multiple linear regression models were utilized, after controlling for potential covariates associated with life satisfaction.ResultsBivariate analyses showed that disability negatively predicted life satisfaction, whereas emotional support positively predicted life satisfaction. Furthermore, the moderated hierarchical regression analysis showed that emotional support moderated the association between disability and life satisfaction, after controlling for potential covariates, such that the negative relationship between disability and life satisfaction was stronger for individuals with lower levels of emotional support.ConclusionsThe presence of emotional support might reduce the negative effects of disability on life satisfaction. These findings have important clinical implications, especially in developing better strategies to help disabled older persons to cope with their disabilities; with the hope that in the long term, a society with healthy longevity can be established. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018; 18: 1361–1365.
Early decision‐making in acute pulmonary embolism: a retrospective clinical audit
Authors: Hepburn‐Brown Morgan , Irving Louis , Hammerschlag Gary 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundThere is increasing evidence supporting early discharge of patients with acute pulmonary embolism (aPE) deemed ‘low prognostic risk’ as a safe and viable alternative to admission if identified correctly by guideline algorithms.AimTo determine if risk stratification guidelines were followed accurately in an Australian tertiary hospital.MethodsPatients admitted to the emergency department with a diagnosis of PE were included from December 2012 to December 2017. The 272 patients were retrospectively assessed for prognostic risk prior to and after release of the 2014 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines. This included the simplified Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (sPESI), and evidence of right heart dysfunction. Thereafter, patients were dichotomised into low (i.e. sPESI = 0) and non‐low (i.e. sPESI ≥1 with or without the evidence of right heart dysfunction) prognostic risk groups.ResultsPrior to ESC guideline release, 52 (65%) of the 80 patients diagnosed with PE were non‐low risk and 12 (23%) of these were discharged home; 11 (91.7%) of the 12 discharges had unrecognised sPESI medical history components. After ESC guideline release, 122 (63.5%) of the 192 patients were non‐low risk and 20 (16.4%) of these were discharged home; 18 (90%) of the 20 discharges had unrecognised sPESI medical history components.ConclusionWe found that the sPESI score is not adequately applied in determining prognostic risk for acute PE. In cases of non‐low‐risk discharge, both prior to and after ESC guideline release, the medical history components of the sPESI score are under‐recognised as a marker of increased prognostic risk.
Sexual orientation, labour supply and occupational sorting in Canada
Authors: Dilmaghani Maryam 
Published: July 2018

AbstractUsing five consecutive cycles of the Canadian General Social Survey covering 2010–14, the present article examines the differences in the labour supply and occupational sorting of partnered men and women by sexual orientation. Conditional on being gainfully employed, lesbians are found to have a higher labour supply than heterosexual women, even controlling for factors such as the number of children and the characteristics of the spouse. The reverse is true for gay men. The analysis of occupational structure shows that lesbians are more likely to sort into male‐dominated occupations, while the reverse is true for gay men. The findings of this article have implications for the correct interpretation of the sexual orientation related earnings gaps.
The effectiveness of exercise for fall prevention in nursing home residents: A systematic review meta‐analysis
Authors: Cao Pei‐ye , Zhao Qing‐hua , Xiao Ming‐zhao , Kong Ling‐na , Xiao Ling 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of exercise on fall prevention in nursing home residents.BackgroundNursing home residents have a high risk of falling. No conclusive evidence exists on the effectiveness of exercise on fall prevention in nursing home residents.DesignSystematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials.Data resourcesDatabases of PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and China Biology Medicine were searched from inception to March 2017, with no language limitation.Review methodsThe review was conducted according to the guidelines of the Cochrane Collaboration. Studies on exercise interventions to prevent falls in nursing home residents were eligible. The primary outcome was the odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals of falls.ResultsNine studies were included in the meta‐analysis where exercise was compared with daily routine, social activities, and other methods in preventing falls. About falls, the pooled effect size of seven studies showed that exercise had no effect on fall prevention in nursing home residents. There was low heterogeneity. No significant publication bias was observed.ConclusionsThe results of the systematic review and meta‐analysis suggested that exercise did not play a role in preventing falls. Further studies with high quality and larger samples are required to support or counter the results.
Collagen regulates the ability of endothelial progenitor cells to protect hypoxic myocardium through a mechanism involving miR‐377/VE‐PTP axis
Authors: Rosca Ana‐Maria , Mitroi Daniel Nicolae , Cismasiu Valeriu , Badea Rodica , Necula‐Petrareanu Georgiana , Preda Mihai Bogdan , Niculite Cristina , Tutuianu Raluca , Szedlacsek Stefan , Burlacu Alexandrina 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe possibility to employ stem/progenitor cells in the cardiovascular remodelling after myocardial infarction is one of the main queries of regenerative medicine. To investigate whether endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) participate in the restoration of hypoxia‐affected myocardium, we used a co‐culture model that allowed the intimate interaction between EPCs and myocardial slices, mimicking stem cell transplantation into the ischaemic heart. On this model, we showed that EPCs engrafted to some extent and only transiently survived into the host tissue, yet produced visible protective effects, in terms of angiogenesis and protection against apoptosis and identified miR‐377‐VE‐PTP axis as being involved in the protective effects of EPCs in hypoxic myocardium. We also showed that collagen, the main component of the myocardial scar, was important for these protective effects by preserving VE‐PTP levels, which were otherwise diminished by miR‐377. By this, a good face of the scar is revealed, which was so far perceived as having only detrimental impact on the exogenously delivered stem/progenitor cells by affecting not only the engraftment, but also the general protective effects of stem cells.
The non‐coding RNA OTUB1‐isoform2 promotes ovarian tumour progression and predicts poor prognosis
Authors: Wang Shunni , Ning Yan , Wei Ping , Cai Dongliag , Lu Linghui , Li Jing , Wang Yiqin 
Published: July 2018

AbstractOvarian cancer is the leading malignancy of the female reproductive system and is associated with inconspicuous early invasion and metastasis. We have previously reported that the oncogene OTUB1 plays a crucial role in ovarian cancer progression, but the role of its isoform, the non‐coding RNA OTUB1‐isoform2, in ovarian cancer is still elusive. Here, we reported that OTUB1‐isoform2 expression in ovarian cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in the paired paratumorous tissues (P < .01). The patients with high expression of OTUB1‐isoform2 had larger tumours than those with low expression (P < .05). The high expression of OTUB1‐isoform2 was correlated with the involvement of bilateral ovaries (P < .05), lymph node metastasis (P < .05), vascular invasion (P < .05), greater omentum involvement (P < .01), fallopian tube involvement (P < .05), advanced FIGO stages (P < .01) and recurrence (P < .01). Moreover, OTUB1‐isoform2 served as an independent negative prognostic predictor for disease‐free survival (DFS) and disease‐specific survival (DSS). Overexpression of OTUB1‐isoform2 in the ovarian cancer cells stimulated cell proliferation, migration and invasion both in vitro and in vivo. In summary, our study suggested that OTUB1‐isoform2 is a novel prognostic biomarker with independent oncogenic functions for ovarian cancer.
Safety and efficacy of using vascular closure devices for hemostasis on sheath removal after a transfemoral artery percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Su Shu‐Fen , Chang Mei‐Yu , Wu Meng‐Shan , Liao Ying‐Chin 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAimTo determine the efficacy of vascular closure devices (VCDs) for hemostasis following transfemoral percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs).MethodsThis two‐group pre–post‐test observational study with purposive sampling enrolled 73 patients between January, 2014 and February, 2015. The patients were allocated to either the intervention (vascular closure devices group, n = 34) or the control group (manual compression [MC] group, n = 39). Questionnaires were used to assess their demographic and clinical characteristics, vascular complications, visual analogue scale score for pain, and discomfort levels. Pain and discomfort were measured before and after the PCI.ResultsVascular complications were observed in 15 (44.1%) VCD patients and 13 (33.3%) MC patients, with no significant between‐group difference. However, the VCD patients had a higher relative risk of bruising, hematomas, and need for further treatment. After the PCI, the pain scores and discomfort levels increased significantly in both groups, but the VCD patients had more successful hemostasis, less pain, and less physical and psychological discomfort (lower‐limb numbness, shoulder pain, restlessness, and worrying about walking ability, being unable to lift heavy objects in the future, and taking time off from work).ConclusionThe VCDs seem to be superior to the MCs, providing more successful hemostasis, less pain and discomfort, and earlier ambulation after a transfemoral PCI. These findings aid clinical nurses in understanding the risk of vascular complications, discomfort, and pain that are associated with VCD use for improving the quality of clinical care and help clinicians in determining the appropriate hemostatic method for patients undergoing a transfemoral PCI, particularly in the Chinese population.