bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Based on LC–MS and network pharmacology, the quality components, and anti‐hypertensive mechanisms of three types of tea were studied
Authors: Liu Mi‐Yan , He Ting , Wang Xiang‐Pei , Feng Hua , Li Xiao‐Fen , Xu Feng , Wu Hong‐Mei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractLiquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) was used to identify and analyze the main components of Da Hong Pao, Zunyi black tea, and Yunnan Pu'er tea extracts, explore the effects of brewing times on chemical composition, and analyze the differential components using chemometrics. Subsequently, network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques were employed to explore the potential active ingredients and mechanisms of action in combating hypertension (HTN). This study identified eight key chemical constituents of the three teas, with significant differences in their contents. Yunnan Pu'er tea exhibited superior endurance for multiple infusions compared to the other teas. The research results clearly distinguished the three teas, with key components contributing to quality disparities identified as PCA, GC, gallic acid, and caffeine. The tea exerts anti‐HTN effects through multiple pathways. The results of eight chemical components and core targets related to HTN exhibited favorable binding affinities. Our study suggested that Da Hong Pao, Zunyi black tea, and Yunnan Pu'er tea exhibit certain quality differences, and the overall quality of Yunnan Pu'er tea surpasses that of the other teas, though specific differences require further investigation. Moreover, the eight identified components from the three teas are all active components in combating HTN, and network pharmacology comprehensively elucidates the mechanism of tea's anti‐hypertensive effect. These findings provide more potential key targets for the treatment of HTN by drinking tea.Practical ApplicationEight common components were identified in Da Hong Pao, Zunyi black tea, and Yunnan Pu'er water extract, with significant differences in content. Yunnan Pu'er has better overall quality compared to Da Hong Pao and Zunyi black tea. The study provides more potential key targets for the treatment of hypertension by drinking tea.
Precision risk assessment in wheat allergy: Leveraging advanced quantitative models for safer food consumption
Authors: Liu Wenfeng , Yuan Juanli , Gao Jinyan , Tong Ping , Li Xin , Wang Jian , Yang Qian , Wang Zhongliang , Min Fangfang , Wu Yong , Chen Hongbing 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFood allergy is a significant public health concern and food safety issue. Deriving from classical toxicology principle, the food allergen risk assessment has been considered a science‐based strategy to identify, quantify, and manage the food allergy risks as such risk represent a significant food safety. Moreover, the implication of the precautionary allergen labeling in most jurisdictions is voluntary, resulting potential risk to allergic consumers. In this study, a quantitative risk assessment technique was employed to evaluate the risk of wheat allergy in prepackaged foods. The assessment utilized probabilistic models, including the lognormal, Weibull, Gamma distributions, and Bayesian model averaging. The predicted allergic reactions were determined to be 682, 854, 677, and 721 incidents per 10,000 eating occasions within wheat allergic population, respectively. The findings of this study revealed that the consumption of prepackaged foods containing gluten without wheat/gluten summary (i.e., ingredient) labeling would potentially pose the risk of allergic reactions to wheat allergic individuals. The utilization of quantitative risk assessment methodology at different points of the food system facilitates alleviating unnecessary concerns to stakeholders while maintaining a reasonable knowledge of allergy risk and providing valuable guidance in formulating effective management strategies to mitigate the risk of food allergies, thereby contributing to the overall safety of the sustainable food system.
Different effects of low‐ and high‐density lipoproteins in egg yolk on lipid metabolism of mouse: Role of phospholipids‐to‐cholesterol intake ratio
Authors: Zhang Fan , Ma Ying , Zhu Hangxin , Li Junhua , Gu Luping , Chang Cuihua , Su Yujie , Yang Yanjun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRecent evidence increasingly indicates that moderate egg consumption (up to one egg per day) poses no significant risk of cardiovascular diseases in healthy individuals, leading researchers to speculate whether other lipids in eggs affect lipid metabolism. In this research, C57BL/6J mice were given chow diets containing egg yolk low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) and high‐density lipoprotein (HDL), two natural components with different proportions of phospholipids and cholesterol, to explore the effects of the phospholipids‐to‐cholesterol intake ratio on lipid metabolism. Increases in liver weight and liver index were observed following LDL intake, while body weight and epididymal fat decreased after HDL intake in a dose‐dependent manner. The food efficiency of chow diets decreased with increasing phospholipids content. Lipid biomarkers indicated that LDL intake significantly increased plasma LDL cholesterol and liver cholesterol levels. At equivalent cholesterol doses, the cholesterol‐raising effects of HDL were weaker than those of LDL. Higher protein expression of cytochrome P450 family 7 subfamily A member 1 in the HDL groups suggested increased bile acid excretion at higher phospholipids‐to‐cholesterol intake ratios. Fecal metabolite analysis revealed significant changes in lipid composition, primarily involving glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, and sterol lipids, consistent with the lipid profiles of LDL and HDL. The upregulation of cholic acid and deoxycholic acid in feces further confirmed increased bile acid excretion. This study highlights the differences in lipid metabolism in mice under varying phospholipids‐to‐cholesterol intake ratios, which may be associated with changes in dietary energy supply and bile excretion following phospholipids involvement.
Assessment of thermophysical properties of the temperature profile created on peach by microwave energy
Authors: Tasova Muhammed , Polatcı Hakan , Olgac Mehmetcan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMicrowave energy is based on creating heat in the structure by creating vibrations in the moisture in the product used. In drying processes, drying kinetics, energy consumption, quality, and so on features are evaluated based on the temperature equivalent of the heat created by the heat source in the product. For this reason, the temperature value formed in the product in microwave drying processes is important. In this study, the effects of microwave drying powers (180, 540, 720, and 900 W) on the surface temperature profile, drying kinetics, thermophysical properties, and color values of peach slices were investigated. For drying processes performed at 180, 540, 720, and 900 W microwave powers, the surface temperatures of peach slices were 34.5–83.40, 49.60–89.60, 55.90–94.06, and 68.20–145.20°C, respectively. Effective diffusion values varied between 1.01 × 10−7 and 2.12 × 10−7, and the activation energy value was measured as 20.73 kJ/mol. Specific heat values varied between 871.62 and 838.21 J/kg K, density values varied between 839.41 and 697.93 kg/m3, thermal diffusivity values varied between 5.69 × 10−7 and 2.344 × 10−7 m2/s and thermal conductance values ranged between 0.44 and 0.08 W/m K. As compared to the fresh fruits, the best color values of dried material were achieved at 720 W microwave power. It is recommended to determine the microwave drying power value well and to determine the drying kinetic properties of each agricultural product specifically for the product.
Absolute quantification of eight human milk oligosaccharides in breast milk to evaluate their concentration profiles and associations with infants’ neurodevelopmental outcomes
Authors: Sato Keigo , Nakamura Yoshitaka , Fujiyama Kazuhito , Ohneda Kinuko , Nobukuni Takahiro , Ogishima Soichi , Mizuno Satoshi , Koshiba Seizo , Kuriyama Shinichi , Jinno Shinji 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHuman milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) have been positively associated with child neurodevelopment in some cohort studies. However, there is a lack of consistency in the association between HMOs and benefits to infants’ brains. Moreover, the quantification methods for HMOs have not yet been standardized. In this study, we developed a quantification method for evaluating eight HMOs (2′‐fucosyllactose [2′‐FL], 3′‐fucosyllactose [3′‐FL], 3′‐sialyllactose [3′‐SL], 6′‐sialyllactose [6′‐SL], lactosialyltetrasaccharide a [LSTa], lactosialyltetrasaccharide b [LSTb], lactosialyltetrasaccharide c [LSTc], and disialyllacto‐N‐tetraose [DSLNT]) in breast milk. After validating the method, we applied it to 1‐month breast milk samples (n = 150) from the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three‐Generation Cohort Study to assess HMO profiles in breast milk and their possible association with changes in head circumference z‐score (ΔHCZ) and neurodevelopmental scores of children (as measured by the Ages and Stages Questionnaire, Third Edition). The validation demonstrated that the method had relative standard deviation ≤ 12.7% of precision and 79.5–110.9% of accuracy. Using this method, eight HMO levels (2′‐FL, 0–4.74 mg/mL; 3′‐FL, 0.02–1.52 mg/mL; 3′‐SL, 0.07–0.32 mg/mL; 6′‐SL, 0.01–0.70 mg/mL; LSTa, 0.002–0.043 mg/mL; LSTb, 0.02–0.31 mg/mL; LSTc, 0.001–0.47 mg/mL; and DSLNT, 0.09–0.71 mg/mL [min–max, all participants]) and the ratio of low secretors (16.0%) in the Japanese cohort were obtained. The obtained HMO levels in breast milk were subjected to multivariate analysis to screen for HMOs showing a positive association with ΔHCZ and neurodevelopmental scores. The results proposed that ΔHCZ was positively associated with LSTb and 2′‐FL levels, whereas neurodevelopmental scores were positively associated with 2′‐FL levels (among all participants) and 3′‐SL and DSLNT levels (among secretor participants). This study showed that the developed method provides HMO profiles in Japanese breast milk, as well as additional information on the associations between specific HMOs and neurodevelopment, reinforcing the sum of evidence for the role of HMOs in the brain.
The Potential Role of Neutrophil Reactivity Intensity and Reactive Lymphocytes as Extended Hematological Parameters to Detect Active Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Mardia Andri Iskandar , Hamijoyo Laniyati , Susandi Evan , Prihatni Delita , Alisjahbana Bachti , Oehadian Amaylia 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesSystemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of autoantibodies against nuclear antigens and immune complex deposition. The pathogenesis of SLE is not fully understood; however, there are alterations in neutrophils and lymphocytes. Recent parameters assessing both neutrophil activations (Neut‐RI, Neut‐GI, IG) and activated lymphocytes (Re‐Lymp, As‐Lymp) can be used to assess the activation of immune cells. The aim of this study was to explore the potential role of this parameter in detecting active SLE.MethodsCross‐sectional study using secondary data from Hasan Sadikin Lupus Registry. Parameters were examined using Sysmex XN‐1500. Lupus activity was determined according to SLEDAI‐2K.ResultsThis study included 30 active (SLEDAI 2K ≥ 4) and 30 inactive SLE patients. Compared to inactive SLE, active SLE showed significantly higher Neut‐RI (51.5 vs. 49.6 FL, p = 0.004), and lower Re‐Lymph (0.09 vs. 0.14 × 103/mm3, p = 0.024). There was no significant difference in Neut‐GI (150 vs. 151.6 SI, p = 0.359), As‐Lymp (0.02 vs. 0.01 × 103/mm3, p = 0.621), and IG (0.11 vs. 0.06 × 103/mm3, p = 0.384) between active and inactive SLE. Neut‐RI/Re‐Lymp ratio cutoff > 0.47 could distinguish between active and inactive SLE with AUC 0.689, 66.7% sensitivity, and 70.0% specificity.ConclusionIn active SLE, there is an elevation in Neut‐RI and a reduction in Re‐Lymp. Neut‐RI/Re‐Lymp ratio exceeding 0.47 could be used to detect active SLE.
COVID‐19 Vaccination in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Adverse Events and Rating Agreement of Flares Between Patients and Physicians
Authors: Tangkum Punsita , Kasitanon Nuntana , Gumtorntip Wanitcha , Winichakoon Poramed , Konsamun Supparat , Wongthanee Antika , Louthrenoo Worawit 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo compare adverse events and flares among different doses and types of COVID‐19 vaccines in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).MethodsAll consecutive SLE patients in a lupus cohort, seen between March and October 2022, were invited to join this retrospective study. Inclusion criteria were aged ≥ 20 years and had received at least one dose of COVID‐19 vaccine. Data regarding adverse events after vaccination, clinical disease activity and flares within 30 days postvaccination were reviewed.ResultsA total of 201 SLE patients received 524 vaccine doses, with 201, 199, and 124 patients received 1, 2, and 3 doses, respectively. The vaccines included inactivated virus vaccine, adenovirus‐vectored vaccine, and mRNA vaccines in 183 (35%), 128 (24%), and 213 (41%) doses, respectively. Regardless of the dose and type of vaccine, adverse events occurred in 50%–70% of patients. Pain and swelling at the injection site were common local symptoms, whereas constitutional, neurological, musculoskeletal, and mucocutaneous symptoms were among systemic ones. The majority of these symptoms were mild to moderate. Patients reported they had disease flares after vaccination in 5%–6%, while actual flares determined by physicians occurred in 8%–13% of them, giving fair to moderate rating agreement between patients and physicians (Cohen's kappa: 0.21–0.44). There was no significant difference in mean mSLEDAI‐2K between pre‐ and 30 days postvaccination.ConclusionsAdverse events after vaccination were common, regardless of the dose or type of COVID‐19 vaccines, but only a small proportion of patients had severe symptoms. Flares were uncommon. The rating agreement of flares between patients and physicians as fair to moderate.
Feasibility of Endobronchial Ultrasound Guided Miniforceps Biopsy for PD‐L1 Expression and Quantitative Tissue Analysis
Authors: Wayne Max T. , Moulton Nathaniel G. , Weimholt Cody , Chenna Praveen , Chen Alexander C. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundTesting for targeting programmed death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) is standard of care for patients with newly diagnosed non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) but is only approved for use with core biopsy specimens. Endobronchial ultrasound guided miniforceps biopsy (EBUS‐MFB) is an approach to obtain core biopsy material but data assessing the ability of EBUS‐MFB to adequately test for PD‐L1 is lacking. We evaluate the feasibility of EBUS‐MFB to acquire adequate tissue for PD‐L1 testing and look to compare the quality of specimens between EBUS‐MFB and endobronchial ultrasound guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS‐TBNA) using a standard method of tissue analysis.MethodsTwenty patients with suspected non‐small cell lung cancer undergoing bronchoscopy were recruited for enrollment. For each patient with NSCLC diagnosed on rapid onsite pathology with EBUS‐TBNA, EBUS‐MFB was performed. PD‐L1 immunostaining was completed to assess for adequacy. A comparison of tissue collection was performed using the total surface area measured by digital imaging.ResultsAmong 20 patients, 65% were male with a mean age of 66 years with a total procedure time of 50 min and an average of 14 biopsy passes per procedure. 15 (75%) patients were diagnosed with NSCLC, and PD‐L1 analysis was successfully performed in 12 of the 15 (80%). The mean total tissue area obtained by the MFB technique was 9.757 mm2 compared to 6.941 mm2 with TBNA (p = 0.427).ConclusionIn this feasibility study, EBUS‐MFB was successful in performing PD‐L1 testing in 80% of patients with NSCLC.
Abundant tiny turtle ants can foster notably speciose mimicry complexes
Authors: Perger Robert 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn the current study, I report a single‐site mimicry complex involving 20 arthropods from 12 families in five orders resembling the small turtle ant Cephalotes pusillus. The complex is the most species‐rich single‐site complex with predominately Batesian mimics that has been reported so far. Considering that small turtle ants are likely less defended than highly noxious butterflies or aculeate Hymenoptera with potent stingers, possible factors explaining the high species richness of the complex may include high model abundance, small body size and easy to develop morphological resemblance.
Why are there fewer and fewer cooperatives in the agricultural sector? A survival analysis within a competing risk framework
Authors: Grashuis Jasper , Franken Jason R. V. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThere are few empirical explanations for the decreasing number of cooperatives in the agricultural sector. To address the gap in the literature, we investigate the incidence of mergers and acquisitions (M&As) and liquidations and dissolutions (L&Ds) among more than 1000 farmer cooperatives in the United States for the 2010–2020 period by means of survival analysis within a competing risk framework. According to our novel results, M&As are more common than L&Ds, corresponding to exit strategies of larger farmer cooperatives to achieve scale and scope economies. The incidence of L&Ds is almost entirely driven by size as relatively small cooperatives are more at risk. Implications and future research directions are discussed in the conclusion.
Specific Findings of Blood Perfusion on Anastomosed Esophagus of Neonatal Esophageal Atresia and Tracheoesophageal Fistula Using Indocyanine Green Fluorescence During Thoracoscopic Surgery
Authors: Tsuruno Yudai , Harumatsu Toshio , Tabata Yumiko , Kedoin Chihiro , Murakami Masakazu , Sugita Koshiro , Yano Keisuke , Onishi Shun , Kawano Takafumi , Ieiri Satoshi 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTWe herein report a neonatal case showing specific findings of blood perfusion in the anastomosed esophagus of esophageal atresia (EA) and tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) using indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence during thoracoscopic surgery. The patient was a 3054 g, 0‐day neonatal boy diagnosed with EA‐TEF based on a coil‐up sign of the nasogastric tube. Thoracoscopic surgery was performed on Day 4 after birth. After TEF transection, esophageal anastomosis was performed using interrupted sutures. ICG was administered intravenously to confirm blood perfusion at the anastomotic site. Initially, the upper esophagus was visualized, and 5 s later, the lower esophagus was visualized. However, no fluorescence signal was detected at the anastomotic site. The postoperative course was uneventful without anastomotic leakage. After discharge, mild anastomotic stenosis was observed, which required balloon dilatation. The time lag of fluorescent findings was considered to reflect differences in the feeding artery.
A blueprint for pursuing therapeutic interventions and early phase clinical trials in clonal haematopoiesis
Authors: Haque Tamanna , Shastri Aditi , Desai Pinkal , Xie Zhuoer , Hammond Danielle , King Zoe , Kishtagari Ashwin , Madanat Yazan F. , Abaza Yasmin , Silver Alexander J. , Singh Abhay , Borate Uma M. , Heimlich J. Brett , Slosky David A. , Bolton Kelly L. , Patnaik Mrinal S. , Bick Alexander G. , Verma Amit K. , Jaiswal Siddhartha , Steensma David P. , Savona Michael R. 
Published: December 2024

SummaryThe age‐associated mutational state of clonal haematopoiesis (CH) is linked to multiple adverse health outcomes. As higher risk CH can lead to progressive neoplastic or vascular disease, there is interest in developing clinical trials to mitigate risk associated with CH. Given the high prevalence of CH, data from clinical trials could have broad public health implications for screening and therapy. Thoughtful consideration is needed to design trials that are both clinically relevant and avoid overmedicalization. Here, we summarize clinical studies of CH to date and provide suggestions and guidance on how to approach designing CH‐focused therapeutic clinical trials. These recommendations are derived from discussions among clinical researchers and scientists emanating from the Inaugural Meeting on Somatic Mutations and Predisease in October 2021.
Drafting a blueprint for designing successful clinical trials in clonal haematopoiesis
Authors: Patel Shyam A. , Weeks Lachelle D. 
Published: December 2024

‘As our understanding of the biology of clonal hematopoiesis expands, a pressing need in the field becomes the design and implementation of clinical trials to help mitigate the risk for progression to overt myeloid neoplasm. Effective clinical trial design will be informed by use of personalized genetic risk to determine eligibility, strategic endpoint selection, and identification of suitable interventions with a goldilocks balance of toxicity and reduced risk of progression. We will only reach this milestone through collaboration’.Commentary on: Haque et al. A blueprint for pursuing therapeutic interventions and early phase clinical trials in clonal haematopoiesis. Br J Haematol 2025; 206:416‐427.
With a little help from my friends: Social support, hope and climate change engagement
Authors: Geiger Nathaniel , Swim Janet K. , Fraser John 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHope is a future‐oriented emotion that attunes people to the possibility of positive change, and thus could potentially catalyse societal engagement with climate change. A recent meta‐analysis suggests that the relationship between hope and climate action is most robust when the target of hope is climate engagement (i.e. action hope) rather than climate change more broadly. Yet, this previous meta‐analysis also suggests that fostering action hope and climate engagement may be challenging via typical short media messages used in many studies. Here we consider an alternative source of action hope: receiving social support. Two studies tested whether social support motivates climate action via increased action hope. Study 1 (correlational online survey, pre‐registered, N = 887) demonstrates that, as predicted, both instrumental and emotional support predict intentions to take civic action and these effects are explained by action hope. Study 2 (field study, Neducators = 84, Ncontacts = 520) mostly replicates and extends these findings in a field setting, demonstrating that social support recipients' action hope is also associated with social support reported by support providers (here, environmental educators) and that this action hope again explains a possible relationship between social support and climate engagement.