bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Co‐shared genetics and possible risk gene pathway partially explain the comorbidity of schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome
Authors: Postolache Teodor T. , del Bosque‐Plata Laura , Jabbour Serge , Vergare Michael , Wu Rongling , Gragnoli Claudia 
Published: February 2019

AbstractSchizophrenia (SCZ) and major depressive disorder (MDD) in treatment‐naive patients are associated with increased risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). SCZ, MDD, T2D, and MetS are often comorbid and their comorbidity increases cardiovascular risk: Some risk genes are likely co‐shared by them. For instance, transcription factor 7‐like 2 (TCF7L2) and proteasome 26S subunit, non‐ATPase 9 (PSMD9) are two genes independently reported as contributing to T2D and SCZ, and PSMD9 to MDD as well. However, there are scarce data on the shared genetic risk among SCZ, MDD, T2D, and/or MetS. Here, we briefly describe T2D, MetS, SCZ, and MDD and their genetic architecture. Next, we report separately about the comorbidity of SCZ and MDD with T2D and MetS, and their respective genetic overlap. We propose a novel hypothesis that genes of the prolactin (PRL)‐pathway may be implicated in the comorbidity of these disorders. The inherited predisposition of patients with SCZ and MDD to psychoneuroendocrine dysfunction may confer increased risk of T2D and MetS. We illustrate a strategy to identify risk variants in each disorder and in their comorbid psychoneuroendocrine and mental–metabolic dysfunctions, advocating for studies of genetically homogeneous and phenotype‐rich families. The results will guide future studies of the shared predisposition and molecular genetics of new homogeneous endophenotypes of SCZ, MDD, and metabolic impairment.
Metal‐Free Regioselective Oxynitration of Acrylamides: Synthesis of 1,2‐Nitro Alcohols
Authors: Gao Le‐Han , Meng Xiao‐Xiao , Wang Yi‐Ning , Song Si‐Zhe , Ge Guo‐Ping , Dong Youren , Wei Wen‐Ting , Liu Yan‐Yun , Li Qiang 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA metal‐free oxynitration of acrylamides with commercially available tert‐butyl nitrite and easily available air was achieved through a regioselective pathway. A wide range of 1,2‐nitro alcohols were thus eﬃciently synthesized in a novel route under mild conditions. The reaction involves a radical process, allows a highly regioselective strategy toward the formation of new C−N and C−O bonds in one step.
Catalytic, Enantioselective α‐Alkylation of Azlactones with Nonconjugated Alkenes by Directed Nucleopalladation
Authors: Nimmagadda Sri Krishna , Liu Mingyu , Karunananda Malkanthi K. , Gao De‐Wei , Apolinar Omar , Chen Jason S. , Liu Peng , Engle Keary M. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA palladium(II)‐catalyzed enantioselective α‐alkylation of azlactones with nonconjugated alkenes is described. The reaction employs a chiral BINOL‐derived phosphoric acid as the source of stereoinduction, and a cleavable bidentate directing group appended to the alkene to control the regioselectivity and stabilize the nucleopalladated alkylpalladium(II) intermediate in the catalytic cycle. A wide range of azlactones were found to be compatible under the optimal reaction conditions to afford products bearing α,α‐disubstituted α‐amino‐acid derivatives with high yields and high enantioselectivity.
Using expressed behaviour of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) to evaluate the vulnerability of upriver migrants under future hydrological regimes: Management implications and conservation planning
Authors: Flitcroft Rebecca , Lewis Sarah , Arismendi Ivan , Davis Chante , Giannico Guillermo , Penaluna Brooke , Santelmann Mary , Safeeq Mohammad , Snyder Jeff 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Globally, river systems have been extensively modified through alterations in riverscapes and flow regimes, reducing their capacity to absorb geophysical and environmental changes.
In western North America and elsewhere, alterations in natural flow regimes and swimways through dams, levees, and floodplain development, work in concert with fire regime, forest management practices, as well as agriculture and urban development, to change recovery trajectories of river systems.
Hydroregime scenarios for coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch (Walbaum, 1792), were investigated in Washington and Oregon, USA, where long‐term records of discharge, water temperature, and upstream fish passage are available. This novel approach combines hydrological and ecological data in a single visualization, providing empirical foundations for understanding upstream behavioural movement and tolerances of native fishes.
The timing of coho salmon movement with respect to temperature and discharge were compared with scenarios representing possible future hydrological conditions associated with a changing climate.
This approach provides a framework for the study of future hydrological alterations in other locations, and can inform local and regional conservation planning, particularly in view of water management policy. Management implications and recommendations for action that may expand the capacity of riverscapes to absorb perturbations are discussed.
Developing a standard approach for assessing the hydromorphology of lakes in Europe
Authors: Boon Philip , Argillier Christine , Boggero Angela , Ciampittiello Marzia , England Judy , Peterlin Monika , Radulović Snežana , Rowan John , Soszka Hanna , Urbanič Gorazd 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Methods for assessing the hydrology and morphology of lakes (‘hydromorphology’) are needed for reporting under national and international legislation, as well as to assist in lake management and restoration. Despite this, no consistent approaches have been developed around Europe for monitoring lake hydromorphology.
To address this need, representatives from 12 countries met at a series of workshops to develop two protocols for monitoring, published under the auspices of the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). The first standard (EN 16039) describes six categories for assessing lake hydromorphology: hydraulics, morphometry, bedforms/landforms and substrate, connectivity and continuity, and land cover. The second standard (EN 16870) sets out a scoring system for assessing the degree of modification of lake hydromorphology, which was designed, tested and refined using data from 127 lakes in seven European countries.
The CEN standards focus on four lake zones—riparian, shore, littoral, and open water—but recognize the importance of considering lakes within their wider catchment context. The field techniques described are based largely on Lake Habitat Survey but also rely on existing databases, maps and remote‐sensing data.
These standards are aimed at scientists, conservation bodies and environmental regulators, and are relevant not only for monitoring lakes under the Water Framework Directive, but also for contributing to programmes of lake conservation. For example, in the UK, parts of the CEN standards have been incorporated within the methods used for monitoring and reporting on the condition of Special Areas of Conservation (under the Habitats Directive) and Sites of Special Scientific Interest under national legislation.
It is hoped that this pan‐European approach will improve the ability to compare data across many countries, and ultimately ensure that the results of monitoring are translated into measures for improving the hydromorphological condition of lakes and the biological communities they contain.
Neural Mechanisms Involved in the Noxious Physical Stress‐Induced Inhibition of Ovarian Estradiol Secretion
Authors: Uchida Sae , Kagitani Fusako 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTStress is known to change the secretion of ovarian steroid hormones via the hypothalamic–pituitary–ovarian (HPO) axis. Noxious physical stress can cause reflex responses in visceral function via autonomic nerves. This article reviews our recent animal studies on neural mechanisms involved in ovarian estradiol secretion induced by noxious physical stress stimulation. In anesthetized rats, noxious physical stress (pinching the hindpaw or electrical stimulation of the tibial nerve) decreased ovarian estradiol secretion. These noxious stress‐induced ovarian hormonal responses were observed after decerebration but were abolished after spinal transection. Electrical stimulation of the ovarian sympathetic nerves (superior ovarian nerves: SON) decreased ovarian estradiol secretion. The reduced secretion of ovarian estradiol induced by hindpaw pinching was abolished by bilateral severance of the SON. Efferent activity of the SON was increased following hindpaw pinching. Thus, the inhibition of ovarian estradiol secretion during noxious physical stress was mainly integrated in the brainstem, and this inhibitory response was due to reflex activation of sympathetic nerves to the ovary. In rats, the sympathetic inhibitory regulation of ovarian estradiol secretion was pronounced when the HPO axis was inhibited by chronic estradiol treatment. Considering the female life cycle, extensive physical stress may inhibit ovarian function, especially before puberty and during old ages when the HPO axis is inactive. Anat Rec, 302:904–911, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Nonlinear sequential fusion estimation for clustered sensor networks
Authors: Zhou Kang , Teng You , Zhang Dan , Zhang Wen‐An 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis paper is concerned with distributed fusion estimation problem for discrete‐time nonlinear systems with asynchronous sampling data in the clustered sensor networks. A nonlinear sequential fusion method consisting of a sequential measurement fusion (SMF) method and a sequential state fusion (SSF) method is proposed. It is shown that the SMF estimator using the Unscented Kalman Filtering (UKF) method can handle the asynchronous measurement data sequentially and the SSF estimator which uses sequential matrix weighting method can get a close performance as the centralized batch matrix weighting method but has a lower computational complexity. The proposed measurement fusion method is able to deal with asynchronous measurements and has lower computational complexity as compared with the augmentation method. A simulation example shows the effectiveness of the proposed nonlinear sequential fusion method.
Improved CRISPR‐Cas12a‐assisted one‐pot DNA editing method enables seamless DNA editing
Authors: Wang Liping , Wang Haojun , Liu Huayi , Zhao Qiyuan , Liu Bing , Wang Lian , Zhang Jun , Zhu Jie , Bao Rui , Luo Yunzi 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAs the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)–Cas12a (previously known as Cpf1) system cleaves double‐stranded DNA and produces a sticky end, it could serve as a useful tool for DNA assembly/editing. To broaden its application, a variety of engineered FnCas12a proteins are generated with expanded protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) requirements. Two variants (FnCas12a‐EP15 and EP16) increased the targeting range of FnCas12a by approximately fourfold. They can efficiently recognize a broad range of PAM sequences including YN (Y = C or T), TAC and CAA. Meanwhile, based on our demonstration that FnCas12a is active from 16 to 60°C, we developed an "improved CRISPR‐Cas12a‐assisted one‐pot DNA editing" (iCOPE) method to facilitate DNA editing by combining the crRNA transcription, digestion, and ligation in one pot. By applying iCOPE, the editing efficiency reached 72–100% for two DNA fragment assemblies, and for the 21 kb large DNA construct modification, the editing efficiency can reach 100%. Thanks to the advantages of Cas12a, iCOPE with only one digestion enzyme could replace current a variety of restriction enzymes to perform the cloning in one pot with almost no sequence constraints. Taken together, this study offers an expanded DNA targeting scope of CRISPR systems and could serve as an efficient seamless one‐pot DNA editing tool.
Complications and outcomes in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma with gastric lesions treated with R‐CHOP
Authors: Kadota Tomohiro , Seo Sachiko , Fuse Hiroe , Ishii Genichiro , Itoh Kuniaki , Yano Tomonori , Kaneko Kazuhiro , Tsukasaki Kunihiro 
Published: February 2019

AbstractStandard therapy for gastric diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is considered to be chemotherapy with or without involved‐field radiation therapy. Although R‐CHOP therapy alone is widely used for DLBCL with gastric lesions (DLBCL‐GL), the outcome and incidence of treatment‐related gastric complications following R‐CHOP are not well known. This study aimed to evaluate the outcome after R‐CHOP therapy in patients with gastric DLBCL including gastric complications and to identify risk factors for the complications. Consecutive patients with newly diagnosed DLBCL‐GL treated with R‐CHOP between 2003 and 2014 were retrospectively evaluated. DLBCL‐GL was defined only when pathologically confirmed in the stomach. Of the 96 patients with DLBCL‐GL, 63 patients were diagnosed with gastric symptoms. Eighty‐eight patients (92%) completed six to eight cycles of R‐CHOP. The complete remission (CR) rate was 86%, and 3‐year and 5‐year overall survival rates were 80% and 73%, respectively. Patients were well stratified according to the Revised International Prognostic Index (R‐IPI). Complication rate was 8% (8/96); seven patients had bleeding and three had stenosis. No patients had gastric perforation. Bleeding occurred during the first cycle of R‐CHOP in five patients (5/7, 71%). Patients with gastric complications had a lower R‐CHOP completion rate (50%, P = 0.001) and a lower CR rate (25%, P < 0.001) than those without complications. A low serum albumin level at diagnosis was the only risk factor identified for gastric complications (P = 0.001) and six of the eight patients with complications were shown to be at stage IV. Further studies of DLBCL‐GL are warranted to identify patients at high risk for gastric complications and to provide better treatment strategies.
Protein Microarray Copying: Easy on‐Demand Protein Microarray Generation Compatible with Fluorescence and Label‐Free Real‐Time Analysis
Authors: Kilb Normann , Herz Tobias , Burger Jürgen , Woehrle Johannes , Meyer Philipp A. , Roth Günter 
Published: February 2019

AbstractProtein microarrays are essential to understand complex protein interaction networks. Their production, however, is a challenge and renders this technology unattractive for many laboratories. Recent developments in cell‐free protein microarray generation offer new opportunities, but are still expensive and cumbersome in practice. Herein, we describe a cost‐effective and user‐friendly method for the cell‐free production of protein microarrays. From a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) flow cell containing an expressible DNA microarray, proteins of interest are synthesised by cell‐free expression and then immobilised on a capture surface. The resulting protein microarray can be regarded as a “copy” of the DNA microarray. 2 His6‐ and Halo‐tagged fluorescent reference proteins were used to demonstrate the functionality of nickel nitrilotriacetic acid (Ni‐NTA) and Halo‐bind surfaces in this copy system. The described process can be repeated several times on the same DNA microarray. The identity and functionality of the proteins were proven during the copy process by their fluorescence and on the surface through a fluorescent immune assay. Also, single‐colour reflectometry (SCORE) was applied to show that, on such copied arrays, real‐time binding kinetic measurements were possible.
The different expression of key markers on urothelial holoclonal, meroclonal, and paraclonal cells in in vitro culture
Authors: Buhl Monika , Kloskowski Tomasz , Jundzill Arkadiusz , Gagat Maciej , Balcerczyk Daria , Adamowicz Jan , Grzanka Alina , Nowacki Maciej , Drewa Gerard , Olszewska‐Słonina Dorota , Drewa Tomasz , Pokrywczynska Marta 
Published: February 2019

AbstractUrothelial cell populations which differ in morphology and proliferation capacities can be isolated from the urinary bladder. The goal of this study was to analyze a clonal, proliferative, and self‐renewing potential of porcine urothelial cells and to compare expression of selected adhesion and tight junction molecules, urothelial and stem cell markers for the urothelial clone types. Urothelial cells were isolated from 10 porcine urinary bladders. Three different clone types: holoclone‐, meroclone‐and paraclone‐like colonies were identified based on their morphology. To characterize and compare the urothelial clones the immunofluorescent stains were performed. Expression of pancytokeratin (PanCK), Ki‐67 and p63 was higher for holoclone‐ like cells compared to meroclone‐and paraclone‐like cells (P < 0.05). Meroclone‐like cells expressed higher levels of p63 compared to paraclone‐ like cells (P < 0.05). The level of Ki‐67 and PanCK for meroclone‐ and paraclone‐ like cells was comparable (P > 0.05). β1 and β4 integrins were not expressed. Expression of zonula occludens‐1 (ZO‐1) in cell‐cell junctions for paraclone‐, meroclone‐and holoclone‐like cells was 17.6 ± 0.6, 14.7 ± 0.5, and 16.1 ± 0.4, respectively. The results of actin filaments (F‐actin) expression were 253,634 ± 6,920 for meroclone‐like cells, 198,512 ± 7,977 for paraclone‐like cells and 133,544 ± 3,169 for holoclone‐like cells. Three urothelial cell types with differing features can be isolated from the bladder. Holoclone‐like cells are the richest in stem cells and should be used in further studies for construction of neo‐bladder or neo‐conduit using tissue engineering methods.
Supported Palladium Nanoparticles that Catalyze Aminocarbonylation of Aryl Halides with Amines using Oxalic Acid as a Sustainable CO Source
Authors: Bal Reddy C. , Ram Shankar , Kumar Ajay , Bharti Richa , Das Pralay 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPolystyrene‐supported palladium (Pd@PS) nanoparticles (NPs) have been used to catalyze the aminocarbonylation of aryl halides with amines using oxalic acid as a CO source for the first‐time for the synthesis of amides. Furthermore, o‐iodoacetophenones participated in amidation and cyclization reactions to give isoindolinones in a single step following a concerted approach. Oxalic acid has been used as a safe, environmentally benign and operationally simple ex situ sustainable CO source under double‐layer‐vial (DLV) system for different aminocarbonylation reactions. Catalyst stability under a CO environment is a challenging task, however, Pd@PS was found to be recyclable and applicable for a vast substrate scope avoiding regeneration steps. Easy handling of oxalic acid, additive and base‐free CO generation, catalyst stability and effortless catalyst separation from the reaction mixture by filtration and introduce of DLV are the added advantages to make the overall process a sustainable approach.
Herbicidal Ionic Liquids Containing the Acetylcholine Cation
Authors: Czuryszkiewicz Daria , Maćkowiak Adam , Marcinkowska Katarzyna , Borkowski Andrzej , Chrzanowski Łukasz , Pernak Juliusz 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis study presents a new group of herbicidal ionic liquids (HILs) based on a cation occurs commonly in nature−acetylcholine. The HILs were obtained with a high yield through ion exchange between acetylcholine chloride and potassium or sodium salts of selected acids with herbicidal activity. The results of the herbicidal activity measurement against common oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) exceeded those of the commercial products. Spray solutions of the synthesized HILs revealed high surface activity and wetting properties which further manifested as higher herbicidal activity. The reduction of surface tension and low contact angles together with the specific action of acetylcholine allowed for better penetration of synthesized HILs into plant tissues. In addition, OECD 301F tests confirmed high mineralization of the HILs. The simple transformation of commercial herbicides into acetylcholine HILs proved to be a very effective method of increasing their activity, and constitutes an interesting solution to the problem of weed infestation with the use of a substance commonly found in nature.
Bile cytology: A new scoring system for improving diagnostic accuracy
Authors: Hayakawa Chie , Hoshikawa Masahiro , Imura Johji , Ueno Takahiko , Koike Junki 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundBenign and malignant cells need to be distinguished in any cytological examination of bile. Here, we report an original scoring system to improve the diagnostic accuracy of bile cytology.MethodsThe study used 158 bile aspiration samples obtained for cytological examination. Fourteen cytological findings were used to differentiate benign and malignant samples. Statistical significance tests and multivariate analysis were used to determine and quantify significant findings and develop a scoring system.ResultsFour cytological findings were significant in discriminating between benign and malignant cells: abnormal chromatin, irregularly arranged nuclei, irregularly overlapped nuclei, and irregular cluster margins. Our newly developed scoring system based on these four cytological findings yielded excellent results with a sensitivity of 87%, specificity of 98%, and an odds ratio of 329.ConclusionsThe use of our new scoring system is expected to contribute to the diagnostic accuracy of cytological evaluations of bile samples.
Identifying and responding to child maltreatment when delivering family‐based treatment—A qualitative study
Authors: Kimber Melissa , McTavish Jill R. , Couturier Jennifer , Le Grange Daniel , Lock James , MacMillan Harriet L. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIntroductionThis study describes practitioner strategies, perceptions, experiences with identifying and responding to child emotional abuse (CEA) and child exposure to intimate partner violence (CEIPV) when providing Family‐Based Treatment (FBT) to children and adolescents with eating disorders.MethodUsing qualitative interpretive description, this study recruited a purposeful sample of practitioners (N = 30, 90% female) implementing FBT for adolescent eating disorders. Semi‐structured interviews focused on eliciting their perspectives regarding identifying and responding to CEA and CEIPV in practice. Interviews were conducted over the phone, were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and coded using conventional content analysis. Interim member checking, the thoughtful clinician test, and coding memos were used to ensure the integrity of the analysis.ResultsParticipants were 31–57 years old and practicing FBT in five countries. Three data patterns emerged: (a) perceptions of child maltreatment prevalence and identification; (b) complicating factors; and finally (c) strategies to support family‐based work. Practitioners described important considerations for CEA and CEIPV identification, as well as possible FBT adaptations that can support the safety of children and adolescents while simultaneously ensuring the treatment of the eating disorder.ConclusionsPractitioners describe a need for additional training to identify and respond to CEA and CEIPV within FBT and within practice more broadly. There is a need for trials that detail the appropriateness and efficacy of FBT for patients experiencing CEA and/or CEIPV.