bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atlantic ocean circulation slowdown intensifies tropical cyclones in the North Atlantic
Authors: Levin Emma , Studholme Joshua , Fedorov Alexey , Liu Wei , Emanuel Kerry , Burls Natalie 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The slowdown of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is ubiquitous in climate projections, representing a major risk of global warming with far-reaching climatic impacts. Here, we investigate how the future AMOC slowdown can affect the activity tropical cyclones (TCs). To that end, we compare two sets of global warming simulations: one that exhibits AMOC weakening and another in which AMOC intensity is fixed. Using these experiments, we compute Genesis Potential Indices (GPI), to assess large-scale ocean-atmosphere conditions for TC formation, and conduct downscaling TC simulations for the two scenarios. Our analysis shows strongly enhanced tropical cyclogenesis in the North Atlantic, especially along the U.S. eastern seaboard and in the Gulf of Mexico, in a warm climate with a weakened AMOC. The AMOC slowdown causes roughly 60% of the estimated seasonal increase of 12 storms in the Atlantic with warming. Higher TC potential intensity (PI) in the North Atlantic due to greater air-sea thermodynamic disequilibrium and, to a lesser extent, reduced vertical windshear explain these findings, which highlight the important role of AMOC slowdown in 21st -century TCs.
From Pandemic to Progress: Maternal Health Resilience in the post COVID-19 era in Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Paramasivan Kandaswamy , Prakash Ashwin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background and Objectives The COVID-19 pandemic considerably impacted emergency medical services (EMS), particularly in the context of maternal care. In response, the government made significant investments in both EMS and maternal health during the pandemic. This study aims to evaluate maternal and childbirth outcomes, specifically during the resilient period, by analyzing the long-term effects of the pandemic on healthcare delivery. Data and Methods The research analyzed key metrics related to emergency medical services for pregnancy, including call volume, response and transfer times, hospital handoff times, and ambulance travel distances. Maternal outcomes assessed included mortality rates, institutional childbirth, home deliveries, miscarriages, vaginal complications, and C-section rates. Data was sourced from the Tamil Nadu State Control Room registry, covering historical data from Jan 2017 including the pandemic phases in 2020–2022 and the subsequent resilient period in 2023-24. This study employs time-series analysis to compare the distribution of daily key metrics of EMS during eight pandemic phases with the average daily frequency during the pre-pandemic period. An effect size measure is then used to quantify the improvement in maternal healthcare outcomes and EMS metrics. Results Throughout the various stages of the pandemic, there was a notable increase in call volume related to women. Despite this, there were significant improvements in response times, transfer times, and hospital handoff times. In comparison to the corresponding period before the pandemic, maternal and childbirth outcomes saw marked enhancements during the post pandemic phase in 2023 and resilient phase in 2024. Specifically, the maternal mortality rate dropped by 19%, with 37 deaths per 100,000 live births, significantly lower than the national average of 97 deaths per 100,000 live births. Additionally, the rates of infant mortality, neonatal mortality, miscarriages, complicated vaginal births, and home deliveries decreased by 19.35%, 17.03%, 28.02%, 19.23%, and 36.05%, respectively. Conclusions: Government investments during the pandemic, along with the sustained focus on maternal health programs, appear to have provided substantial support to pregnant women and newborns. The reproductive health of women in Tamil Nadu does not seem to have been adversely impacted by the pandemic.
The impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection at different stages of pregnancy on placental inflammatory responses
Authors: Yin Mengyue , Peng Lingling , Zhang Chunling , Zhang Xueyan , Han Mei , Wang Yongmei , Hao Yafei , Guo Zhaolun , Li Hua , Zhang Lan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The specific impact and pathology of SARS-CoV-2 infection on maternal and fetal health have not been comprehensively investigated. Therefore, we investigated the inflammatory response of fetal tissues in pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2 at different stages of pregnancy.
Methods
We collected placenta samples from 52 patients at Tai’an Central Hospital, who underwent delivery between November 2022 and September 2024. We analyzed general patient data and maternal-fetal outcomes and conducted histological observations using HE staining. Furthermore, we used ELISA to quantitatively analyze the concentration of IL-6 in umbilical cord blood and amniotic fluid. Additionally, Western blot analysis was conducted to evaluate the expression levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in the placental tissues.
Results
Among participants, 33 pregnant women were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients infected SARS-CoV-2 during mid-pregnancy developed thrombosis, stromal protein deposition, and villous interstitial inflammation compared to the control group (P < 0.05). However, No significant placental pathology differences were found between late-term stages with the control group (P > 0.05). Western blot analysis revealed elevated TNF-α and IL-1β levels in infected placental tissues, with no significant difference between mid-term and late-term pregnancies. IL-6 levels in amniotic fluid showed no significant difference, and IL-6 expression was not detected in umbilical cord blood.
Conclusion
SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy appears to have limited impact on overall maternal and fetal outcomes. However, the infection may lead to inflammatory changes in placental tissues, particularly during the mid-trimester. These findings suggest the importance of careful monitoring and management of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women. Nonetheless, larger studies are necessary to confirm these observations and explore the long-term effects on both maternal and fetal health.
GDF-15 as a Proxy for Epigenetic Aging: Associations with Biological Age Markers, and Physical Function
Authors: Torrens-Mas Margalida , Navas-Enamorado Cayetano , Galmes-Panades Aina , Masmiquel Luis , Sanchez-Polo Andrés , Capo Xavier , Gonzalez-Freire Marta 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) has emerged as a significant biomarker of aging, linked to various physiological and pathological processes. This study investigates circulating GDF-15 levels in a cohort of healthy individuals from the Balearic Islands, exploring its associations with biological age markers, including multiple DNA methylation (DNAm) clocks, physical performance, and other age-related biomarkers. Seventy-two participants were assessed for general health, body composition, and physical function, with GDF-15 levels quantified using ELISA. Our results indicate that GDF-15 levels significantly increase with age, particularly in individuals over 60. Strong positive correlations were observed between GDF-15 levels and DNAm GrimAge, DNAm PhenoAge, Hannum, and Zhang clocks, suggesting that GDF-15 could serve as a proxy for epigenetic aging. Additionally, GDF-15 levels were linked to markers of impaired glycemic control, systemic inflammation, and physical decline, including decreased lung function and grip strength, especially in men. These findings highlight the use of GDF-15 as a biomarker for aging and age-related functional decline. Given that GDF-15 is easier to measure than DNA methylation, it has the potential to be more readily implemented in clinical settings for broader health assessment and management.
Albumin-muscle density score predicts overall survival in patients with hepatocellular cancer undergoing treatment with transarterial chemoembolization
Authors: Surov Alexey , Wienke Andreas , Borggrefe Jan , Auer Timo Alexander , Gebauer Bernhard , Mähringer-Kunz Aline , Nensa Felix , Haubold Johannes , Schaarschmidt Benedikt Michael , Hosch René , Kleesiek Jens , Diallo Thierno D , Roehlen Natascha , Bettinger Dominik , Eisenblätter Michel , Steinle Verena , Mayer Philipp , Zopfs David , Santos Daniel Pinto dos , Müller Lukas , Kloeckner Roman 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The purpose of the present study was to analyze associations between different skeletal muscle quality parameters and survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing treatment with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE).
Methods
We retrospectively enrolled 784 treatment-naïve patients with HCC undergoing TACE at six tertiary care centers between 2010 and 2020. Intramuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) and skeletal muscle density (SMD) were estimated. Myosteatosis was defined as SMD < 28.0 HU for men and < 23.8 HU for women. Furthermore, albumin-SMD score (ADS) was calculated as follows: serum albumin (g/dL) × SMD (HU). To assess the impact of muscle quality on survival, Cox regression model was used. Kaplan-Meier curves were used for survival analysis. Parameters of skeletal muscle quality were compared in univariate and multivariate regression analyses, adjusted for established risk factors.
Results
In the overall sample, survivors had higher SMD and ADS in comparison to non-survivors. Patients with low ADS had a lower OS than patients with high ADS (8.4 vs 14.3 months, p < 0.001). In alcohol-induced HCC, none of the analyzed parameters of muscle quality influenced survival. In viral induced HCC, patients with low ADS had lower OS than patients with high ADS (8.8 vs 15.7 months, p < 0.001). In patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), none of the analyzed parameters of muscle quality influenced survival.
Conclusions
Low ADS is an independent predictor of worse OS in patients with viral-induced HCC undergoing treatment with TACE. In alcohol-induced and NASH-induced HCCs, parameters of muscle quality do not influence OS.
NTRK-Rearranged Spindle Cell Tumor with SPECC1L-NTRK3 Fusion in the Thoracic Spine: A Case Report
Authors: Zhou Mi , Xu Huaiyuan , Niu Jianxiong , Yang Qibing , Wang Anqi , WU Hao , Hu Jinxin , Wang Xiangqin , Yang Meng , Tang Qinglian , Wang Jin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Neurotrophic Tyrosine Receptor Kinase (NTRK)-rearranged spindle cell tumors are a category of soft tissue tumors characterized by rearrangements of the NTRK gene that exhibit unique molecular genetics, morphological, and immunophenotypic features. The core feature of NTRK-rearranged tumors is rearrangement of the NTRK gene family (NTRK1, NTRK2, and NTRK3), often involving fusion with other genes, leading to abnormal tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) protein expression and activation. Herein, we report the first case of an NTRK spindle cell tumor with SPECC1L-NTRK3 fusion. This case highlights the significance of next-generation sequencing (NGS) for tumor diagnosis and targeted drug selection. After one month ofentrectinib therapy, the patient had considerable tumor shrinkage and symptom relief. For bone-derived NTRK-rearranged spindle cell sarcomas, entrectinib has demonstrated favorable therapeutic effects and can be considered priority treatment option.
A Novel Nomogram for Individually Predicting 30-Day Pneumonia Mortality Risk in ILD Patients with Long-Term Use of Glucocorticoid
Authors: Chen Luying , Zhang Kaixiang , Zhou Yajie , Wang Saibin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective: Long-term glucocorticoid use in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) is associated with a significantly increased risk of death within 30-day following pneumonia, indicating poor prognosis. This study aims to identify the risk of mortality after pneumonia onset to optimize treatment strategies and enhance patient management.
Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed ILD pneumonia patient data from DRYAD. Patients were randomly split into training and validation sets. LASSO regression selected predictive factors, and a nomogram model was built. ROC curves and AUCs assessed the model's 30-day mortality prediction. Bootstrap resampling (500 times) on the validation set confirmed the model's robustness with a 95% CI for AUC. The model's calibration and discrimination were evaluated in both sets.
Results: A total of 324 patients with ILD who developed pneumonia were included in this study, among which 82 patients died within 30-day. LASSO regression identified respiratory failure, vasoactive drug use, ventilator use, and lymphocytopenia as predictors for constructing a nomogram model. The model showed good calibration in both training and validation datasets, with AUCs of 0.897 (95% CI: 0.8642-0.9292) and 0.903 (95% CI: 0.8680-0.9321), respectively. Decision curve analysis suggested clinical benefits when the threshold probability was <77%.
Conclusion: The nomogram developed in this study effectively predicts the 30-day mortality risk in patients with ILD following pneumonia, demonstrating strong discrimination and calibration. This provides a valuable tool for optimizing treatment strategies and improving patient outcomes.
Chitinase-3-like protein 1 depletion in glioma cells restricts myeloid cell infiltration and normalizes neovasculature in human glioma xenografts
Authors: Cyranowski Salwador , Ghosh Mitrajit , Wojtas Bartosz , Zawadzka Małgorzata , Malik Anna R. , Baluszek Szymon , Swatler Julian , Wojnicki Kamil , Gielniewski Bartłomiej , Kaza Beata , Klejman Agata , Łukasik Hanna , Kaminska Bozena 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1) is a secreted, non-enzymatic glycoprotein that interacts with cell-surface and extracellular-matrix proteins, proteoglycans, and polysaccharides. Many studies reported the overexpression of CHI3L1 in various cancers, but its exact role in tumorigenesis/cancer progression remains elusive. We performed a comprehensive analysis of CHI3L1 expression in public repositories including single-cell RNAseq datasets to determine the cellular source of CHI3L1 expression in gliomas. The highest CHI3L1 expression was detected in glioblastoma (GBM), a high-grade diffusive brain tumor with dismal survival prognosis. CHI3L1 knockout (KO) in human U87-MG glioma cells grossly affected transcriptional profile and in vitro invasiveness of these cells and strongly reduced the growth of intracranial U87-MG tumors in athymic mice. CHI3L1 KO in glioma cells resulted in normalization of tumor vasculature. Co-culture of CHI3L1 KO glioma cells with astrocytes upregulated Aquaporin 4 in p38 MAPK-dependent manner. Diminished infiltration of glioma-associated myeloid cells in CHI3L1 KO tumors was associated with reduction in SPP1 expression in CHI3L1KO cells. Altogether, we demonstrate that CHI3L1 depletion affects several mechanisms crucial for GBM progression, therefore its targeting represents a novel strategy to treat GBM patients.
Comparison of single-cell landscapes among three amniotes reveals conservation and innovation in avian immune systems
Authors: Fang Lingzhao , Wang Fei , Ren Jilong , Zhou Yaqi , Huo Wuqiang , Liu Huichao , Qin Mumu , Jing Yi , Yin Zhong-Tao , Shi Tao , Shan Huiquan , Tan Guanghui , Wang Haoping , Guo Xi , Mei Junpu , Yue Zhen , Hou Zhuo-Cheng , Zhou Huaijun , Song Jiuzhou , Degn Søren , Lin Lin , Luo Yonglun , Meng Feilong , Fang Xiaodong , Zhang Haihan , He Xi , Jiang Yu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Molecular characterization of chicken cells is essential for understanding avian physiology and vertebrate evolution, yet an organism-wide single-cell atlas in chicken is still lacking. Here we describe a comprehensive reference atlas of the chicken, encompassing 1.57 million cells across 149 cell types, along with a spatial transcriptomic map of the embryo. By integrating it with 1.2 million single cells from humans and turtles, we systematically explored the evolutionary rates of various cell types, particularly immune cells. The rapid evolution of chicken cells was generally characterized by changes in their gene regulatory networks and subsequent functional adaptations. In chicken, follicular dendritic cells emerge at the early development stage and exhibit myeloid rather than stromal origins, unlike in mammals. These cells share a regulatory network with mononuclear phagocytes and promote B cell proliferation and migration in the chicken-specific bursa of Fabricius. The observed variation in subtypes and proportions of γδ T cells across the three species reflected the evolution of pathogen recognition and signaling mechanisms among amniotes. Overall, our study provides an invaluable resource to study chicken cell biology and avian evolution and shines light on the evolutionary and cellular characteristics of immune cells across amniotes.
From National Identity to Well-being: The Crucial Mediating Role of Self-esteem in Adolescents
Authors: Yang Yue , Zhan Jun , Fan Yanwen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This study aims to explore the relationships between national identity, self-esteem, and subjective well-being among adolescents, with a particular focus on the mediating role of self-esteem between national identity and subjective well-being. A questionnaire survey conducted among 1,948 Chinese adolescents revealed significant positive correlations between national identity, self-esteem, and subjective well-being (p < 0.01). Gender, status, and place of birth significantly influenced national identity, self-esteem, and subjective well-being (p < 0.05). Structural equation modeling analysis revealed that national identity has a positive and direct effect on self-esteem (estimate: 0.48, SE = 0.03, p < 0.001); self-esteem has a positive and direct effect on subjective well-being (estimate: 0.59, SE = 0.03, p < 0.001); and national identity has a positive and direct effect on subjective well-being (estimate: 0.25, SE = 0.05, p < 0.001). Additionally, self-esteem plays a crucial mediating role between national identity and subjective well-being (p < 0.001). These findings underscore the importance of national identity in adolescents’ mental health and well-being and highlight the key role of self-esteem in moderating this relationship.
CEACAM1 Orchestrates Lipid Raft Dynamics and B-cell Receptor Signaling in Mantle Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Ngo Vu , Xavier Serene , Khairnar Vishal , Nguyen Vivian , Phan An , Yang Lu , Nelson Michael , Wang Jinhui , Li Aimin , Geng Huimin , Lee Jaewoong , Sadras Teresa , Pham Lan , Wiesenberger Dennis , Chan Wing , Lang Karl , Shouse Geoffrey , Danilov Alexey , Song Joo , Müschen Markus 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling plays an important role in the pathogenesis of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), but the detailed mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, through a genome-wide loss-of-function screen, we have identified carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) as an essential factor in a subset of MCL tumors. Our BCR signal transduction studies revealed that CEACAM1 plays a critical role in BCR signaling by orchestrating two dynamic processes. First, following BCR engagement, CEACAM1 stabilizes membrane microdomains (lipid rafts) by anchoring to the F-actin cytoskeleton through adaptor protein filamin A. Second, CEACAM1 recruits and increases the abundance of SYK in the BCR complex leading to BCR activation. These activities of CEACAM1 require its cytoplasmic tail and the N-terminal ectodomain. Considering that previous studies have extensively characterized CEACAM1 as an ITIM-bearing inhibitory receptor, our findings regarding its activating role are both surprising and context-dependent, which may have implications for BCR-targeting therapies. Main Text:
HR Analytics for Strategic Decisions: Resolving Conflicts from a Psychological Perspective
Authors: Alam Md. Shaniul 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This paper explores the role of HR analytics in decision-making. HR analytics involves the use of data to enhance human resource functions. It helps organizations make informed choices. This approach is essential for improving workforce management. It supports leaders in understanding employee behavior and performance. EI enhances interpersonal relationships in the workplace. This allows leaders to manage emotions effectively. This is important for resolving conflicts. Leadership psychology also helps leaders understand team dynamics. This understanding improves conflict resolution strategies. We examined how EI and leadership psychology can enhance HR analytics. We utilized structural equation modelling (SEM) through SmartPLS 4. This method allowed us to analyse complex relationships. This approach provided clear insights into how these elements interact. Our findings show that HR analytics can identify potential conflicts early. It can also offer solutions on the basis of data-driven insights. Emotional intelligence supports conflict resolution by fostering collaboration. Leaders with high EI can create a positive work environment. This leads to better team cohesion and productivity. The insights gained from this study contribute to organizational effectiveness. They highlight the importance of employee satisfaction. Engaged employees are more productive and less likely to leave the organization. By integrating HR analytics with EI and leadership psychology, organizations can enhance decision-making. This leads to proactive conflict management and improved workforce dynamics. Additionally, the integration of these elements is vital. This helps organizations manage challenges effectively. It also fosters a culture of understanding and collaboration. These strategies ultimately contribute to the success of the organization.
Individuelle Lernprozesse begleiten – wie geht das? Ko-Kreation in der Lehrentwicklung mit Design Thinking
Authors: Hatsikas-Schroeder Nina , Rüdisühli Tanja , Amstutz Jeremias , Zimmermann Jacqueline 
Published: November 2024

„Individuelle Lernprozesse begleiten – wie geht das?“ Diese Frage wurde mit der Methodologie Design Thinking an der Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz (FHNW) in einem zweijährigen Lehrentwicklungsprojekt bearbeitet. Verortet im Bachelor Soziale Arbeit der Hochschule für Soziale Arbeit FHNW, wurde das Projekt in Kooperation mit Akteur:innen des BA Data Science der Hochschule für Technik FHNW und BA Prozessgestaltung der Hochschule für Gestaltung und Kunst FHNW umgesetzt. Das ko-kreative Projektdesign erschloss und bündelte die vorhandene Erfahrung und Expertise von Studierenden und Lehrenden im Kontext der Begleitung individueller Lernprozesse und führte diese konzeptionell zusammen. Anschlussfähige Vorschläge für die Implementierung der Erkenntnisse in Bildungsformaten der Fachhochschule sind entstanden.