bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glacial geology of Saalian relief around Midwolda, eastern Groningen, the Netherlands
Authors: Kluiving Sjoerd J. , Aalbersberg Gerard , van Balen Ronald T. , Kasse Cornelis 
Published: December 2018

AbstractDue to canal-digging activities in 2011 and 2014, two small and one large temporary exposure, all ranging from 4 to 5 m in depth, were studied with respect to the sedimentology and structural geology, in the glacial ridge of Midwolda, Groningen, the Netherlands. The lowermost unit consists of clay of Elsterian age and is composed of glaciolacustrine and turbiditic deposits (Peelo Formation). These show synsedimentary deformations due to loading, as well as post-sedimentary Saalian glaciotectonic deformations, consisting of folding, and faulting structures. The overlying Saalian till sequence consists of two main units. The lower unit, with clear features of a subglacial deformation zone (e.g. lateral heterogeneity), has a local origin and strongly resembles the underlying Elsterian clay. Glacial tectonic and morphological observations indicate a primary NE–SW ice-flow direction. The second till layer has a sandy texture and high crystalline gravel content, while glacial-tectonic indicators point to a NW–SE ice-flow direction. The deformation of the till layers has caused a repetition and mixing of till layers, due to the last ice movement. The NW–SE ice movement is supported by the morphology as well as data from erratic gravel counts. Correlation with geological cross-sections strongly suggests regional subsurface control on ice-sheet behaviour.
Quantifying successional change and ecological similarity among Cretaceous and modern cold-seep faunas
Authors: Laird Joshua D. , Belanger Christina L. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAccurately recognizing analogues between fossil and modern ecosystems allows paleoecologists to more fully interpret fossil assemblages and modern ecologists to leverage the fossil record to address long-term ecological and environmental changes. However, this becomes increasingly difficult as taxonomic turnover increases the dissimilarity between ecosystems. Here we use a guild-based approach to compare the ecological similarity of Cretaceous cold-seep assemblages preserved in the Pierre Shale surrounding the Black Hills and modern cold-seep assemblages from five previously recognized biofacies. We modify modern assemblage data to include only those taxa with fossilizable hard parts greater than 5 mm in length to make these modern data sets more comparable to potential fossil analogues. We find that while the Black Hills assemblages are more similar in ecological guild composition to the modern thyasirid biofacies, subsets share similarities in ecological structure to the lucinid and mussel-bed biofacies. The fossil seep assemblages are also more similar to one another than are modern assemblages belonging to the same biofacies, despite greater geographic and temporal dissimilarity among the fossil samples. Furthermore, guild-level ordination analyses show a secondary faunal gradient that reflects community succession in the hard substrate–dominated modern assemblages and reveals a parallel faunal gradient in the soft sediment–dominated Cretaceous assemblages, consistent with a gradient in the influence of seep fluids on the faunas. Thus, while the Black Hills assemblages are quite homogeneous in their composition, they capture ecological variation similar to successional patterns in modern seep systems.
Residually many BV homeomorphisms map a null set onto a set of full measure
Authors: Marchese Andrea 
Published: December 2018

AbstractLetQbe the open unit square in ℝ2. We prove that in a natural complete metric space ofBVhomeomorphismsf:Q→Qwithf|∂Q=Id, residually many homeomorphisms (in the sense of Baire categories) map a null set onto a set of full measure, and vice versa. Moreover, we observe that for 1 ⩽p&lt; 2, the family ofW1,phomemomorphisms satisfying the above property is of the first category.
Existence results for Kirchhoff–type superlinear problems involving the fractional Laplacian
Authors: Binlin Zhang , Rădulescu Vicenţiu D. , Wang Li 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn this paper, we study the existence and multiplicity of solutions for Kirchhoff-type superlinear problems involving non-local integro-differential operators. As a particular case, we consider the following Kirchhoff-type fractional Laplace equation:$$\matrix{ {\left\{ {\matrix{ {M\left( {\int\!\!\!\int\limits_{{\open R}^{2N}} {\displaystyle{{ \vert u(x)-u(y) \vert ^2} \over { \vert x-y \vert ^{N + 2s}}}} {\rm d}x{\rm d}y} \right){(-\Delta )}^su = f(x,u)\quad } \hfill &amp; {{\rm in }\Omega ,} \hfill \cr {u = 0\quad } \hfill &amp; {{\rm in }{\open R}^N{\rm \setminus }\Omega {\mkern 1mu} ,} \hfill \cr } } \right.} \hfill \cr } $$where ( − Δ)sis the fractional Laplace operator,s∈ (0, 1),N&gt; 2s, Ω is an open bounded subset of ℝNwith smooth boundary ∂Ω,$M:{\open R}_0^ + \to {\open R}^ + $is a continuous function satisfying certain assumptions, andf(x,u) is superlinear at infinity. By computing the critical groups at zero and at infinity, we obtain the existence of non-trivial solutions for the above problem via Morse theory. To the best of our knowledge, our results are new in the study of Kirchhoff–type Laplacian problems.
Real hypersurfaces in the complex quadric with Killing normal Jacobi operator
Authors: Suh Young Jin 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWe introduce the notion of Killing normal Jacobi operator for real hypersurfaces in the complex quadricQm=SOm+2/SOmSO2. The Killing normal Jacobi operator implies that the unit normal vector fieldNbecomes 𝔄-principal or 𝔄-isotropic. Then according to each case, we give a complete classification of real hypersurfaces inQm=SOm+2/SOmSO2with Killing normal Jacobi operator.
Convergence results for primal and dual history-dependent quasivariational inequalities
Authors: Sofonea Mircea , Benraouda Ahlem 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWe consider a class of history-dependent quasivariational inequalities for which we prove the continuous dependence of the solution with respect to the set of constraints. Then, under additional assumptions, we associate with each inequality in the class a new inequality, the so-called dual variational inequality, for which we state and prove existence, uniqueness, equivalence and convergence results. The proofs are based on various estimates, monotonicity and fixed-point arguments for history-dependent operators. Our abstract results are useful in the study of various mathematical models of contact. To provide an example, we consider a boundary value problem which describes the equilibrium of a viscoelastic body in contact with an elastic-rigid foundation. We list the assumptions on the data and derive both the primal and the dual variational formulation of the problem. Then, we state and prove existence, uniqueness and convergence results. We also provide the link between the two formulations, together with their mechanical interpretation.
Minimizing movements for oscillating energies: the critical regime
Authors: Ansini Nadia , Braides Andrea , Zimmer Johannes 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMinimizing movements are investigated for an energy which is the superposition of a convex functional and fast small oscillations. Thus a minimizing movement scheme involves a temporal parameter τ and a spatial parameter ε, with τ describing the time step and the frequency of the oscillations being proportional to 1/ε. The extreme cases of fast time scales τ ≪ ε and slow time scales ε ≪ τ have been investigated in [4]. In this paper, the intermediate (critical) case of finite ratio ε/τ &gt; 0 is studied. It is shown that a pinning threshold exists, with initial data below the threshold being a fixed point of the dynamics. A characterization of the pinning threshold is given. For initial data above the pinning threshold, the equation and velocity describing the homogenized motion are determined.
Translation and transmutation: theOrigin of Speciesin China
Authors: JIN XIAOXING 
Published: December 2018

AbstractDarwinian ideas were developed and radically transformed when they were transmitted to the alien intellectual background of late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century China. The earliest references to Darwin in China appeared in the 1870s through the writings of Western missionaries who provided the Chinese with the earliest information on evolutionary doctrines. Meanwhile, Chinese ambassadors, literati and overseas students contributed to the dissemination of evolutionary ideas, with modest effect. The ‘evolutionary sensation’ in China was generated by the Chinese Spencerian Yan Fu's paraphrased translation and reformulation of Thomas Huxley's 1893 Romanes Lecture ‘Evolution and ethics’ and his ‘Prolegomena’. It was from this source that ‘Darwin’ became well known in China – although it was Darwin's name, rather than his theories, that reached Chinese literati's households. TheOrigin of Speciesitself began to receive attention only at the turn of the twentieth century. The translator, Ma Junwu (1881–1940), incorporated non-Darwinian doctrines, particularly Lamarckian and Spencerian principles, into his edition of the ChineseOrigin. This partially reflected the importance of the pre-existing Chinese intellectual background as well as Yan Fu's progressive ‘evolutionary paradigm’. In this paper, I will elucidate Ma Junwu's culturally conditioned reinterpretation of theOriginbefore 1906 by investigating his transformation of Darwin's principal concepts.
A FAMILIAL STATE: ELITE FAMILIES, MINISTERIAL OFFICES, AND THE FORMATION OF QAJAR IRAN
Authors: Ashraf Assef 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis article examines the social makeup of the early Qajar administration or chancery (dīvān). Using a wide range of Persian sources, the article focuses on those individuals who held offices in thedīvānand traces their family, social, and geographic backgrounds, highlights their marital ties, and reveals their sources of economic and social prestige. In doing so, the article draws attention to patterns of continuity and change between Safavid, Afsharid, Zand, and Qajar rule, and to the familial and informal nature of political power during the early Qajar period (1785–1834). Ultimately the article suggests that an analysis of the social makeup of thedīvān, and of what political office-holders actually do, offers a more fruitful pathway for understanding the formation of Qajar Iran than a focus on institutions and political structures.
What affects utilization of malaria control services? A qualitative approach to understanding community perception in highly malarious Gadchiroli district, Maharashtra, India
Authors: Saha Kalyan B. , Behera Priyamadhaba , Munshi Hrishikesh , Tiwari Bal K. , Singh Shiv K. , Saha Uma C. , Singh Mrigendra P. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractNational Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP) data have shown that nearly half of all malaria deaths in India occur in tribal-dominated areas. The present study took a qualitative approach to understanding community perceptions and practices related to malarial infection and anti-malarial programmes. Twelve focus group discussions and 26 in-depth interviews of Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) were conducted in nine villages in the district of Gadchiroli, Maharashtra state in India in June 2016. A total of 161 village residents (94 males and 67 females) participated in the focus group discussions and 26 health workers participated in the in-depth interviews. Data were analysed using the content analysis approach. The findings revealed widespread misconceptions about malaria among village residents, and low use of preventive measures and anti-malarial services. Ignorance and treatment by unqualified traditional healers delay effective treatment seeking. Furthermore, failure to maintain drug compliance adds to the gravity of the problem. The study identified the social and behavioural factors affecting treatment uptake and use of treatment facilities in the study area. These should help the development of the behavioural change communication arm of any control strategy for malaria through improving community participation, so improving preventive practices and optimizing utilization of anti-malarial services.
Pilot Study of a Transitional Intervention for Family Caregivers of Older Adults
Authors: McCusker Jane , Lambert Sylvie D. , Yaffe Mark J. , Cole Martin G. , Hidalgo Marcela , Amir Ella , de Raad Manon , Belzile Eric 
Published: December 2018

RÉSUMÉObjectif: Évaluation (faisabilité, acceptabilité, pertinence et bienfaits potentiels) d’une intervention de transition pour proches aidants.Méthode:L’intervention visait à fournir du soutien émotionnel, de l’information sur les ressources communautaires et du soutien au développement des capacités d’adaptation pour les proches aidants de patients de 65 ans et plus qui avaient reçu leur congé suite à une hospitalisation de courte durée. L’approche méthodologique a impliqué un seul groupe, qui a été évalué lors d’un pré-test et d’un post-test effectué trois mois après le début de l’intervention.Résultats:Quatre-vingt-onze dyades patients-proches ont été recrutées. Soixante-trois (69 %) proches aidants ont reçu les cinq séances d’intervention (tel que prévu) et 60 (66 %) proches aidants ont complété le test final. Une diminution significative de l’anxiété et de la dépression des proches aidants et un taux de satisfaction élevé ont été notés après l’intervention.Discussion:Cette intervention de transition pour les patients plus âgés et leurs proches aidants devrait faire l’objet d’une évaluation plus poussée, de préférence avec un groupe de contrôle, en tant qu’intervention autonome ou comme une composante d’une intervention de transition complète.
Clinical course of a fetus with hypoplastic left heart syndrome and premature ductal constriction
Authors: Krishnan Anita , Tague Lauren , Rudra Harish , Pradhan Subechhya , Vezina Gilbert , Limperopoulos Catherine 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPremature ductal constriction was diagnosed in a 30-week gestation fetus with hypoplastic left heart syndrome. The fetus developed right ventricular hypertrophy and mild tricuspid regurgitation. Foetal neuroimaging showed slowed growth of the brain and increased lactate. We describe the imaging and clinical findings. Fetuses with critical CHD and in utero ductal constriction are at increased risk of morbidity and mortality, and require appropriate counselling.
The Challenges of a Vertical Evacuation Drill
Authors: Salway Richard J. (RJ) , Adler Zachary , Williams Trenika , Nwoke Francisca , Roblin Patricia , Arquilla Bonnie 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIntroductionRecent natural and infrastructural disasters, such as Hurricanes Sandy (2012) and Katrina (2005) and the Northeastern power outage of 2003, have emphasized the need for hospital staff to be trained in disaster management and response. Even an internal hospital disaster may require the safe and efficient evacuation and transfer of patients with varying medical conditions and complications. A notably susceptible population is renal transplant patients, including those with post-transplant complications.HypothesisThis descriptive study evaluated staff performance of a vertical evacuation drill of renal transplant patients at State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center – University Hospital Brooklyn (UHB; Brooklyn, New York USA).MethodsThirteen standardized patients, 12 of whom received a renal transplant, with varying medical histories, ambulatory ability, and mental status were vertically evacuated by the transplant staff from the eighth floor to the ambulance entrance on the ground floor. Non-ambulatory patients were transported on portable evacuation sleds.ResultsAll patients were evacuated successfully within 3.5 hours. On a post-drill evaluation form, drill participants self-reported largely positive results concerning their own role in the drill and the evacuation drill itself. Drill evaluators observed very different results, including staff reticence, poor training retention, and lack of leadership.ConclusionDespite encouraging post-drill evaluation results from the participants, the evacuation drill highlighted several immediate deficiencies. It also demonstrated a significant discrepancy in performance perception between the drill participants and the drill evaluators.SalwayRJ, AdlerZ, WilliamsT, NwokeF, RoblinP, ArquillaB. The challenges of a vertical evacuation drill. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2019;34(1):25–29.
Trends in types of protein in US adults: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2010
Authors: Kim Hyunju , Rebholz Casey M , Caulfield Laura E , Ramsing Rebecca , Nachman Keeve E 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo delineate trends in types of protein in US adults from 1999 to 2010, we examined the mean intake of beef, pork, lamb or goat, chicken, turkey, fish, dairy, eggs, legumes, and nuts and seeds (grams per kilogram of body weight) among adults and according to subgroups, including chronic disease status.DesignSix cycles of the repeated cross-sectional surveys.SettingNational Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999 to 2010.ParticipantsUS adults aged ≥20 years (n 29 145, range: 4252–5762 per cycle).ResultsOverall, mean chicken (0·47 to 0·52 g/kg), turkey (0·09 to 0·13 g/kg), fish (0·21 to 0·27 g/kg) and legume (0·21 to 0·26 g/kg) intake increased, whereas dairy decreased (3·56 to 3·22 g/kg) in US adults (P <0·03). Beef, lamb or goat intake did not change in adults or among those with a chronic disease. Over time, beef intake declined less, and lamb or goat intake increased more, for those of lower socio-economic status compared with those of higher socio-economic status.ConclusionsDespite recommendations to reduce red meat, beef, lamb or goat intake did not change in adults, among those with a chronic disease or with lower socio-economic status.
Validation of a child version of the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire in a Canadian sample: a psychometric tool for the evaluation of eating behaviour
Authors: Yabsley Jaime-lee , Gunnell Katie E , Bryant Eleanor J , Drapeau Vicky , Thivel David , Adamo Kristi B , Chaput Jean-Philippe 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo examine score validity and reliability of a child version of the twenty-one-item Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (CTFEQ-R21) in a sample of Canadian children and adolescents and its relationship with BMIZ-score and food/taste preferences.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingSchool-based.ParticipantsChildren (n158), sixty-three boys (mean age 11·5 (sd1·6) years) and ninety-five girls (11·9 (sd1·9) years).ResultsExploratory factor analysis revealed that the CTFEQ-R21 was best represented by four factors with item 17 removed (CFFEQ-R20), representing Cognitive Restraint (CR), Cognitive Uncontrolled Eating (UE 1), External Uncontrolled Eating (UE 2) and Emotional Eating (EE), accounting for 41·2 % of the total common variance with good scale reliability. ANOVA revealed that younger children reported higher UE 1 and CR scores than older children, and boys who reported high UE 1 scores had significantly higher BMIZ-scores. Children with high UE 1 scores reported a greater preference for high-protein and -fat foods, and high-fat savoury (HFSA) and high-fat sweet (HFSW) foods. Higher preference for high-protein, -fat and -carbohydrate foods, and HFSA, HFSW and low-fat savoury foods was found in children with high UE 2 scores.ConclusionsThe study suggests that the CFFEQ-R20 can be used to measure eating behaviour traits and associations with BMIZ-score and food/taste preferences in Canadian children and adolescents. Future research is needed to examine the validity of the questionnaire in larger samples and other geographical locations, as well as the inclusion of extraneous variables such as parental eating or socio-economic status.
Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Erythrocytes Using the Novel Method For Corrective Realignment of the Transmission Electron Microscopy Cross-Section Images
Authors: Fan Yuzhou , Antonijević Djordje , Zhong Xing , Komlev Vladimir S. , Li Zhiyu , Đurić Marija , Fan Yifang 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe detailed kinetics study of erythrocyte deformability is useful for the early diagnosis of blood diseases and for monitoring the blood rheology. Present solutions for a three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of erythrocytes has a limited potential. This study aimed to use erythrocyte transmission electron images (ETIs) to evaluate the morphological relationship between adjacent ETIs and generate erythrocytes 3D model. First, ultrathin serial sections of skeletal muscle tissue were obtained using an ultramicrotome. Further, the set of ETIs in a capillary were captured by transmission electron microscopy. The images were aligned by translations and rotations using custom software to optimize the morphological relationship between adjacent ETIs. These coordinate transformations exploit the unique principal axis of inertia of each image to define the body coordinate system and hence provide the means to accurately reconnect the adjacent ETIs. The sum of the distances between the corresponding points on the boundary of adjacent ETIs was minimized and, further, was optimized by using physiological relationship between the adjacent ETIs. The analysis allowed to define precise virtual relationship between the adjacent erythrocytes. Finally, extracted erythrocytes’ cross-section images allowed to generate 3D model of the erythrocytes.
The fiscal and welfare consequences of the price indexation of Spanish pensions
Authors: Díaz-Saavedra Julián 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWe study the fiscal and welfare consequences of three options for increasing pension generosity in Spain: (i) disability and minimum pensions are fully indexed with the Consumer Price Index (CPI); (ii) minimum and lower value pensions are fully indexed with the CPI; and (iii) returning to full price indexation of all Spanish pensions. While these reforms increase pension adequacy, the tax increases needed to finance the higher pension expenditure differ significantly. Moreover, most current cohorts prefer returning to the full price indexation of all Spanish pensions, but future cohorts prefer that only disability and minimum pensions be indexed with the CPI.