bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical disparity of elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels among the working population of Taipei, Taiwan
Authors: Sun Chi-Te , Kuo Shih-Yu , Chiu Wei-Hsiu , Chen Ming-Chih , Tung Tao-Hsin 
Published: September 2018

Purpose: To explore sex variations in the prevalence and factors of high serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level among the working population in Taipei, Taiwan.Methods: This study included 8,351 healthy adults (5,247 men and 3,104 women) who admitted to a teaching hospital voluntarily for a physical examination in 2009. The definitions of occupations include computer and mathematical occupations, architecture and engineering occupations, community and social service occupations, sales and related occupations, office and administrative support occupations, and production occupations. The age distribution of $\leq$ 29 yrs, 30-39 yrs, 40-49 yrs, and $\geq$ 50 yrs were 22.5\%, 36.8\%, 23.5\%, and 17.2\%, respectively. Fasting blood samples were drawn using venipuncture and participants were interviewed with a structured questionnaire.Results: The overall prevalence of high serum ALT level ($\geq $ 40 U/L) was 17.1\%. After stratified the data according to age into four age groups ($\leq$ 29yrs, 30-39 yrs, 40-49 yrs, and $\geq$ 50 yrs) , the men participants revealed a higher prevalence of high serum ALT levels for all age groups than the women participants. Bases on multiple logistic regression models, for the men, the significant factors were associated with high serum ALT level and included age (OR = 0.96, 95\% CI: 0.95-097), BMI [no matter whether overweight (OR = 2.45, 95\% CI: 1.99-3.02) or obese (OR = 4.02, 95\% CI: 3.22-5.03)], hypercholesterolemia (yes vs. no, OR = 1.25, 95\% CI: 1.05-1.48), hypertriglyceridemia (OR = 1.25, 95\% CI: 1.04-1.50), high FPG levels (OR = 1.48, 95\% CI: 1.05-2.09), high AST levels (OR = 26.71, 95\% CI: 19.00-37.54), hyperuricemia (OR = 1.48, 95\% CI: 1.25-1.76), high ALP levels (OR = 1.20, 95\% CI: 1.00-1.45), and high glutamic acid transaminase levels (OR = 4.31, 95\% CI: 3.61-5.14). For the women subjects, the statistically significant factors that were associated with high serum ALT level included BMI [no matter whether overweight (OR = 3.53, 95\% CI: 1.87-6.67) or obese (OR = 4.32, 95\% CI: 2.26-8.23)], high AST levels (yes vs. no, OR = 38.49, 95\% CI: 21.45-49.28), high BUN levels (yes vs. no, OR = 1.66, 95\% CI: 1.03-2.29), and high glutamic acid transaminase levels (yes vs. no, OR = 9.87, 95\% CI: 5.79-16.83).Conclusion: In conclusion, the clinical problem of elevated serum ALT level is important in the working population. Many subjects are asymptomatic and the diagnosis of high serum ALT level should be considered with sex, age, hyperuricemia, high AST levels, high ALP levels, high glutamic acid transaminase levels, and metabolic risk factors in mind.
Quando a literatura encontra a música: reflexões em torno dos diálogos intertextuais em "Lisboaleipzig 2: o ensaio de música", de Maria Gabriela Llansol
Authors: Valentim Jorge Vicente 
Published: September 2018

Apresenta-se, aqui, uma proposta de leitura da obra Lisboaleipzig 2: o ensaio de música (1994), da escritora portuguesa Maria Gabriela Llansol, procurando observar os diálogos intertextuais estabelecidos entre a sua efabulação ficcional e as técnicas composicionais do músico alemão Johann Sebastian Bach. A partir da observação de elos ordenados entre estas duas instâncias discursivas, objetiva-se uma reflexão que contemple o fenômeno da intertextualidade como recurso criador.We present here a reading proposal for Lisboaleipzig 2: O ensaio de música (1994), by the Portuguese writer Maria Gabriela Llansol, trying to observe the intertextual dialogue established between his fictional work and the compositional techniques of the German musician Johan Sebastian Bach. From the observation of sorted links between these two discursive instances, the objective is a reflection that addresses the phenomenon of intertextuality as a creator feature.
A History, Several Stories, and a Dramatic Narrative: L’Honneur d’un Capitaine [A Captain’s Honor], a Film by Pierre Schoendoerffer
Authors: Saldanha Álvarez José Maurício 
Published: September 2018

The film L&rsquo;Honneur d&rsquo;un Capitaine (1982), directed by Pierre Schoendoerffer (1928&ndash;2012), is the media option chosen to address the dramatic accounts of one French colonial soldier&rsquo;s struggles to rehabilitate his memory.
Objectives: Instead of writing a story essay or a novel, since he was a gifted author, he preferred to play the soldiers&#39; drama in a film.
Result: As a fictional account, however, L&#39;Honneur recovers the past in images imbued with the status of plausibility.
Conclusion: By taking advantage of his enormous experience as a documentary filmmaker, Schoendoerffer produces scenes of a brutal conflict and gives them great authenticity.
Protestanten verenigd voor of door de staat?
Authors: Creemers Jelle 
Published: September 2018

Protestants united for or by the State? Negotiating the contours of a recognized religion in Belgium (1999-2002)
This article aims to give insight in negotiations which took place from 1999 to 2002 between diverse Protestant parties in Belgium and which resulted in an enlargement of the recognized Protestant religion. This enlargement primarily served free Evangelical churches, as it allowed them to share in the benefits consequent to official recognition by the state. The article describes their strategic choices in view of full state recognition and highlights the active role played by the ‘neutral’ Belgian state in the negotiations that took place concerning this recognized religion.
De C van CD&V
Authors: Beke Wouter 
Published: September 2018

The ‘C’ in CD&V. The Flemish Christian Democratic Party (CD&V) and its Christian values
The Flemish Christian Democratic Party was founded in 1945. In its so-called ‘Kerstprogramma’ (‘Christmas Program’), the ‘Christelijke Volkspartij’ (Christian People’s Party, CVP) cut ties with the explicitly religious character of its direct predecessor, the Catholic Bloc. Nevertheless, the party remains to find its inspiration in Christianity. This article will discuss non-exhaustively how Christian values still remain an important guideline to the Christian democratic discourse of CD&V, based on three pillars rooted in Christianity: trust, love of one’s neighbour and respect for human dignity.
God blijft in Nederland
Authors: Castillo Guerra Jorge E. 
Published: September 2018

God remains in the Netherlands: a national research into church formation among Roman Catholic migrants
The first national research into church formation among Roman Catholic migrants in the Netherlands dates from the year 2006. Since then many changes took place within these communities. However, there is not a single institution that collects their addresses and data. Policymakers, scholars or journalists do not have access to recent information. Based on questions about their development and composition, this article updates information about these church communities and places them in a broader historical context. One of the most significant findings in this article concerns the stability of their regular parishioners, that contrasts with the national trend in Roman Catholic Church, which is constantly dealing with a declining amount of members.
Contribution des sols à la production
de services écosystémiques en milieu urbain – une revue
Authors: Blanchart Anne , Sere Geoffroy , Cherel Johan , Warot Gilles , Stas Marie , Consales Jean Noël , Schwartz Christophe 
Published: September 2018

Les sols fournissent des services à la population humaine,
appelés services écosystémiques. En vue de répondre aux problématiques
environnementales qui se concentrent en milieu urbain, il est attendu que ces
services soient facilement appréhendables par les acteurs de l’aménagement. Cet
article propose des définitions claires de termes centraux comme « sol urbain »,
« sol anthropisé » et « couverture de sol » ; il présente également les
caractéristiques bio-physico-chimiques des sols urbains. Des analyses
bibliométrique et bibliographique de la littérature scientifique sur les
services écosystémiques des sols urbains permettent de positionner la place de
ce sujet sur les 20 dernières années et de proposer une liste de ces services.
Enfin, une analyse critique des perspectives de développement d’outils d’aide à
la décision à l’attention des aménageurs pour la prise en compte des sols
urbains à chaque étape de l’aménagement est proposée.
Le masque de Judas. Généalogie d’un personnage selon l’historien médiéviste Giacomo Todeschini
Authors: Mirabella Anna 
Published: September 2018

Judas est le traître par excellence. Protagoniste de nombreuses créations littéraires du xxe siècle, ce personnage est utilisé le plus souvent pour explorer les enjeux de la trahison, comme le montre même le dernier roman d’Amos Oz, Judas, où paradoxalement l’apôtre est innocenté. L’historien qui s’attache à l’étude d’un personnage de la mythologie chrétienne doit prendre un tout autre chemin, comme le fait Giacomo Todeschini dans Come Giuda. Ce travail explore la genèse du personnage depuis les premières exégèses patristiques jusqu’au xve siècle, où il devient le miroir identificatoire du menu peuple, catégorie à marginaliser car considérée comme dangereusement incapable de comprendre les règles des échanges matériels. Dans la culture chrétienne, Judas apparaît en effet d’abord comme l’homme qui, incapable de reconnaître la valeur infinie de Jésus, le vend pour une somme dérisoire. Cette interprétation du personnage nous est devenue étrangère, de même que la logique de l’économie charismatique qui l’a produite et représente le référent « réel » des constructions fictives successives du Judas médiéval. Si le théologien et l’artiste cherchent à imaginer « qui était Judas », nous montrons que l’historien s’interroge plutôt sur ce que, à une certaine époque, l’on a pu nommer à travers l’invention de Judas.
The genetic status of the Hungarian brown trout populations: exploration of a blind spot on the European map ofSalmo truttastudies
Authors: Ősz Ágnes , Horváth Ákos , Hoitsy György , Kánainé Sipos Dóra , Keszte Szilvia , Sáfrány Anna Júlia , Marić Saša , Palkó Csaba , Tóth Balázs , Urbányi Béla , Kovács Balázs 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundAnalyses of the control region sequences of European brown trout populations’ mitrochondrial DNA have revealed five main evolutionary lineages (Atlantic, Danubian, Mediterranean, Adriatic, Marble) mostly relating to the main water basins; however, the hybridization between lineages were increasingly reported. Due to the hydrogeography of Hungary, wild populations should theoretically belong to the Danubian lineage, however, this has not been verified by genetic studies.MethodsIn our study multiple molecular marker sets (mitochondrial sequence, microsatellites, PCR-RFLP of nuclear markers and sex marker) were used to investigate the genetic composition and population genetics of the brown trout populations in two broodstocks, six wild streams in Hungary and one Serbian population.ResultsThe admixture of Atlantic and Danubian lineages in these populations, except the Serbian population with pure Danubian origin, was observed by control region sequences of mitochondrial DNA and PCR-RFLP markers in the nuclear genome, and one unpublished Danubian haplotype was found in Hungarian populations. A sex-specific marker revealed equal gender ratio in broodstocks and Kemence stream, whereas in other wild streams the proportion of female individuals were less than 50%. Structure and principal component analyses based on the alleles of microsatellite loci also revealed overlapping populations, however the populations were still significantly different from each other and were mostly in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.DiscussionStocking and migration can have a significant genetic impact on trout populations of wild streams, however there are no guidelines or common practices for stocking of small streams in Hungary, thus the genetic background of these populations should be considered when developing conservation actions.
AtROP6 is involved in reactive oxygen species signaling in response to iron‐deficiency stress in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Zhai Longmei , Sun Chaohua , Feng Yi , Li Duyue , Chai Xiaofen , Wang Lei , Sun Qiran , Zhang Guifen , Li Yi , Wu Ting , Zhang Xinzhong , Xu Xuefeng , Wang Yi , Han Zhenhai 
Published: September 2018

Understanding the mechanism of iron (Fe)‐deficiency responses is crucial for improving plant Fe bioavailability. Here, we found that the Arabidopsis Rho‐like GTPase 6 mutant (rop6) is less sensitive to Fe‐deficiency responses and has reduced levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) compared to wild‐type (WT), while AtROP6‐overexpressing seedlings exhibit more sensitivity to Fe‐deficiency responses and has higher levels of ROS compared to WT. Moreover, treatment with H2O2 improves the sensitivity to Fe‐deficiency responses in rop6 mutants. By using the yeast two‐hybrid system, we further demonstrate the direct interaction between AtROP6 and Arabidopsis respiratory burst oxidase homolog D (AtRBOHD), which controls the generation of ROS. Overall, we suggest that AtROP6 is involved in AtRBOHD‐mediated ROS signaling to modulate Fe‐deficiency responses in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Biomineralization as a Paradigm of Directional Solidification: A Physical Model for Molluscan Shell Ultrastructural Morphogenesis
Authors: Schoeppler Vanessa , Gránásy László , Reich Elke , Poulsen Nicole , de Kloe René , Cook Phil , Rack Alexander , Pusztai Tamás , Zlotnikov Igor 
Published: September 2018

AbstractMolluscan shells are a model system to understand the fundamental principles of mineral formation by living organisms. The diversity of unconventional mineral morphologies and 3D mineral–organic architectures that comprise these tissues, in combination with their exceptional mechanical efficiency, offers a unique platform to study the formation–structure–function relationship in a biomineralized system. However, so far, morphogenesis of these ultrastructures is poorly understood. Here, a comprehensive physical model, based on the concept of directional solidification, is developed to describe molluscan shell biomineralization. The capacity of the model to define the forces and thermodynamic constraints that guide the morphogenesis of the entire shell construct—the prismatic and nacreous ultrastructures and their transitions—and govern the evolution of the constituent mineralized assemblies on the ultrastructural and nanostructural levels is demonstrated using the shell of the bivalve Unio pictorum. Thereby, explicit tools for novel bioinspired and biomimetic bottom‐up materials design are provided.
Metal‐Free Activation of Enthalpically Strong Bonds: Unraveling the Potential of Hitherto Unexplored Singlet Carbenes
Authors: Bharadwaz Priyam , Dewhurst Rian D. , Phukan Ashwini K. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractDensity functional theory calculations have been carried out on a number of ambiphilic and electrophilic carbenes (both experimentally known and computationally designed) to understand their reactivity profile towards the activation of thermally robust bonds. Based on the calculated values of activation energy barriers, it was found that for ammonia (NH3), most of the molecules favor an electrophilic mode of activation. On the other hand, even though the electrophilic pathway is found to be more favorable than the nucleophilic one for activation of phosphine (PH2Ph) by majority of the carbenes, the barrier heights for both pathways are calculated to be comparable for diamidocarbene (DAC), cyclic amino aryl carbenes (CAArCs) and bicyclic alkyl amino carbene (BICAAC). In agreement with their better electron donation and acceptance abilities, the hitherto unexplored BICAAC, CAArCs and cyclic alkyl amido carbenes (CAAmC) are predicted to be more effective than cyclic alkyl amino carbenes (CAACs) towards the activation of both ammonia and phosphine. For the activation of silane (SiH3Ph), a hydride transfer pathway is found to be more favorable than the proton transfer pathway. Further, the calculated values of total Gibbs free energies and activation energy barriers for the splitting of N−H, P−H and Si−H bonds by a majority of the molecules are found to be comparable to those of the experimentally evaluated ones, implying that these known‐yet unexplored‐carbenes may be considered as suitable candidates for the activation of such enthalpically strong bonds.magnified image
2D Metal Carbides and Nitrides (MXenes) as High‐Performance Electrode Materials for Lithium‐Based Batteries
Authors: Tang Xiao , Guo Xin , Wu Wenjian , Wang Guoxiu 
Published: September 2018

AbstractTremendous efforts are devoted to developing advanced electrode materials with superior electrochemical performance, high energy density, and high power density for energy storage and conversion. Two‐dimensional (2D) materials, owing to their unique properties, have shown great potential for energy storage. Following the discovery of graphene, a new family of 2D transition metal carbides/nitrides, MXenes, derived from MAX phase precursors, have attracted extensive attention in recent years. The superior physical and chemical properties of MXenes include high mechanical strength, excellent electrical conductivity, multiple possible surface terminations, hydrophilic features, superior specific surface area, and the ability to accommodate intercalants. When applied as electrodes in lithium‐based batteries, MXenes have demonstrated excellent performance. In this progress report, the authors summarize the recent advances of MXenes and MXene‐based composites in terms of synthesis strategies, morphology engineering, physical/chemical properties, and their applications in lithium‐ion batteries and lithium–sulfur batteries. Furthermore, challenges and perspectives for MXenes and MXene‐based composites for lithium‐based energy storage devices are also outlined.
Enhancing the Photovoltaic Performance of Nonfullerene Acceptors via Conjugated Rotatable End Groups
Authors: Yu Runnan , Yao Huifeng , Hong Ling , Xu Ye , Gao Bowei , Zhu Jie , Zu Yunfei , Hou Jianhui 
Published: September 2018

AbstractUnlike varieties of well‐known nonfullerene acceptors with rigid chemical structures, an acceptor–donor–acceptor (A–D–A)‐type acceptor with conjugated rotatable end groups, a phenylethynyl‐substituted acceptor (ITPN) is designed and synthesized. Compared with the ethynyl‐substituted acceptor (ITEN) and a well‐know small molecular electron acceptor (ITIC), ITPN molecules show reduced binding energy and reorganization energy, facilitated by the rotatability and the extended π conjugation of phenylethynyl end groups. ITPN shows stronger molecular aggregation and more ordered arrangement, resulting in enhanced charge‐transport properties. In the polymer solar cells, applying the fluorinated polymer (PBDB‐TF) as the electron donor, the device based on ITPN yields a maximum power conversion efficiency of 12.6%, higher than that of an ITEN‐ or ITIC‐based device. The work demonstrates that chemically modulating the end groups by the synergistic effect of rotatable end groups and extending the π‐conjugation length is an effective and straightforward way to improve the photovoltaic performance of A–D–A‐type small molecular acceptors.
Solid‐State Rechargeable Zn//NiCo and Zn–Air Batteries with Ultralong Lifetime and High Capacity: The Role of a Sodium Polyacrylate Hydrogel Electrolyte
Authors: Huang Yan , Li Zhen , Pei Zengxia , Liu Zhuoxin , Li Hongfei , Zhu Minshen , Fan Jun , Dai Quanbin , Zhang Mingdao , Dai Liming , Zhi Chunyi 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSolid‐state aqueous energy conversion and storage are regarded as one of the most promising energy technologies for low‐cost and large‐scale applications without safety risk. However, current solid‐state aqueous batteries can only sustain tens to hundreds of charging–discharging cycles and deliver limited capacities, particularly in alkaline electrolytes. This has severely limited solid‐state energy technologies for large‐scale applications. Herein, it is reported that a sodium polyacrylate hydrogel electrolyte ensures an order of magnitude higher cycling stability than those of their state‐of‐the‐art counterparts and high capacities for the solid‐state Zn//NiCo and Zn–air batteries. The observed superb cell performance is attributed to a high ionic conductivity and water‐retaining capability intrinsically associated with the sodium polyacrylate hydrogel electrolyte, coupled with the acrylate‐ion‐facilitated formation of quasi‐solid electrolyte interface to eliminate zinc dendrites.
Normal‐Mode Splitting and Optomechanically Induced Absorption, Amplification, and Transparency in a Hybrid Optomechanical System
Authors: Wang Tie , Zheng Ming‐Hua , Bai Cheng‐Hua , Wang Dong‐Yang , Zhu Ai‐Dong , Wang Hong‐Fu , Zhang Shou 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe various properties of the output spectrum for a probe field in a hybrid optomechanical system that is composed of two cavities, each containing an atomic ensemble and a mechanical resonator, is analyzed. Also, the normal‐mode splitting behaviors induced by the interactions between subsystems in detail are discussed and their respective effects are clarified. The interpretations for the linear variation of the separation between two absorption peaks is given out. In the available parameter regime, three tunnel coupling critical points, which describe the transition behaviors between absorption and amplification, are determined. Based on the first critical point, the influence of the two‐level atomic ensemble on absorption (amplification) effect is studied. The effect of the two‐level atomic ensemble not only splits the absorption peak (amplification dip), but also realizes the enhancement of the absorption (amplification) effect and the transformation between absorption and amplification effects. Meanwhile, the one‐to‐one correspondence location relations between the transparency dip and absorption peak for the double optomechanically induced transparency‐like and optomechanically induced absorption‐like, respectively, are also investigated. With a multi‐level atomic ensemble, the multi‐transparency (absorption) effect is realized readily. These rich spectrum properties of the probe field may benefit forward achieving of the optical switch in experiment and possible applications in coherent control of light pulses.
Alkyl Propiolates Participated [3+2] Annulation for the Switchable Synthesis of 1,5‐ and 1,4‐Disubstituted 1,2,3‐Triazoles Containing Ester Side Chain
Authors: Cao Shuo , Liu Yunyun , Hu Changfeng , Wen Chengping , Wan Jie‐Ping 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBy means of a featured enamine activation, the alkyl propiolates have been successfully employed in the [3+2] annulation for the synthesis of 1,2,3‐triazoles. The synthesis of both 1,4‐ as well as the hardly available 1,5‐disubstituted 1,2,3‐triazoles can be selectively accessed by using tosyl azide and tosyl hydrazine as nitrogen source, respectively.