bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of phototherapy on pro-oxidant/antioxidant balance in newborns with Jaundice
Authors: Boskabadi Hassan , Molaei Maryam Kalate , Zakerihamidi Maryam 
Published: July 2018

Introduction: Jaundice is the most common condition requiring medical attention in newborns. Phototherapy is the standard treatment for jaundice. However, in recent decades, phototherapy has been considered as an oxidative stress that can cause lipid peroxidation and damage to DNA. Accordingly, the present study was conducted to examine the possible effects of phototherapy on the Pro-oxidant/Antioxidant Balance (PAB) in jaundiced newborns.
Methods: The present clinical trial was conducted on 70 icteric term neonates admitted to Ghaem Hospital of Mashhad, Iran between February 2013 and February 2015. The study population consisted of all term neonates who were admitted to the hospital within 2 to 14 days after birth for unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (bilirubin levels > 15 mg/dl) and were treated with phototherapy. Neonates’ and mothers’ characteristics, along with the cause of jaundice, were collected through a researcher-made questionnaire, and neonates’ bilirubin levels and PAB values were simultaneously checked before, during and after the phototherapy. Finally, bilirubin levels and PAB values were compared using statistical methods.
Results: According to the results, neonates’ underlying characteristics were not statistically different. The average and standard deviation of bilirubin levels and PAB values were, respectively, 18.90±2.97 and 16.29±9.83 (before phototherapy), 15.71±3.16 and 29.63±12.56 (during phototherapy), and 12.37 ±3.57 and 40.91 ±13.35 (after phototherapy).
Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that decreased levels of bilirubin after phototherapy cause a shift in the PAB value in favor of oxidants.
Orchids in the era of Grigory von Langsdorff: two golden decades in the history of the botanical exploration of Brazil (1813–1830)
Authors: Ossenbach Carlos 
Published: July 2018

The figure of Grigory Ivanovich von Langsdorff was largely neglected by the scientific literature of the 19th and 20th centuries. German-born von Langsdorff was consul of the Russian Empire in Rio de Janeiro. His activities in Brazil from 1813 to 1830 are here described, a time during which his house in Rio and his famous fazenda Mandiocca became the center of scientific activity and the point of attraction for European travellers and naturalists who flocked to Brazil after its frontiers were opened to foreigners in 1808 by King Joao VI of Portugal. Wilhelm Freyreiss, Friedrich Sellow, Maximilian zu Wied-Neuwied, Augustin de Saint-Hilaire, Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius, Johann Baptist von Spix, Giuseppe Raddi, Johann Baptist Emanuel Pohl, and Ludwig Riedel are among those who explored Brazil impulsed by von Langsdorff and often under his patronage. Their journeys in Brazil culminated in von Langsdorff’s ill-fated expedition to the interior of Brazil between 1822 and 1829, while the epilogue is marked by Langsdorff’s return to Germany, in a state of insanity and no longer able to publish the results of his life-long scientific efforts.
Pengujian berbagai eksplan kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) dengan penggunaan konsentrasi BAP dan NAA yang berbeda
Authors: Lestari Fitri Widya , Suminar Erni , Mubarok Syariful 
Published: July 2018

Rendahnya produksi kentang di Indonesia disebabkan oleh ketersediaan benih kentang bermutu hasil dari metode konvensional yang kurang memadai. Metode kultur jaringan mampu menghasilkan bibit bermutu dan bebas virus, dalam jumlah banyak serta waktu yang singkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) dan Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) terbaik pada berbagai eksplan untuk pertumbuhan tunas meriklon kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) Kultivar Atlantik secara in vitro. Percobaan dilaksanakan pada November 2016 sampai Februari 2017 di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan Teknologi Benih Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran. Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) digunakan sebagai rancangan percobaan yang terdiri dari dua unit percobaan terpisah yaitu unit eksplan meristem interkalar dan meristem apikal, masing-masing delapan perlakuan dan empat ulangan. Media Murashige and Skoog (MS) digunakan sebagai media dasar dengan penambahan BAP (0,0 mg L-1; 1 mg L-1; 1,5 mg L-1; 2 mg L-1) dan NAA (0,0 mg L-1; 0,5 mg L-1). Hasil menunjukkan konsentrasi BAP 1 mg L-1 merupakan perlakuan yang paling baik dalam menghasilkan jumlah tunas, cabang, daun dan buku pada eksplan meristem interkalar. Pada eksplan meristem apikal, penambahan BAP dan NAA belum mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan eksplan. Meristem interkalar yang diberi auksin dan sitokinin berpotensi menjadi bahan alternatif eksplan meriklon kentang selain meristem apikal. The production of potato in Indonesia is low due to the limited number of high quality potato seeds produced from the conventional methods. The tissue culture methods can be used to produce high quality and virus-free seeds in more reliable number in a short time. Randomized Completely Design (RCD) was used as the experimental design consisted of two separate trial units namely intercalary meristem and apical meristem explants units with eight treatments and four replications of each. Murashige and Skoog (MS) was used as the base media added with BAP i.e. 0.0 mg L-1; 1 mg L-1; 1.5 mg L-1; 2 mg L-1 and NAA 0.0 mg L-1 and 0.5 mg L-1. Results showed that concentration of BAP 1 mg L-1 generated the best results on the number of shoots, branches, leaves and nodes on meristem intercalary explant. Meanwhile on apical meristem explant, the addition of BAP and NAA had not yet improved the explant growth. Intercalary meristem added with auxin and cytokinin is potential as alternative of mericlone explants material of potato besides the apical meristem.
Indikasi perubahan iklim dan dampaknya terhadap produksi padi di Indonesia (Studi kasus : Sumatera Selatan dan Malang Raya)
Authors: Ruminta Ruminta , Handoko Handoko , Nurmala Tati 
Published: July 2018

Perubahan iklim telah terjadi di wilayah Indonesia. Perubahan iklim memengaruhi pertanian melalui dampaknya terhadap pertumbuhan, perkembangan, dan hasil tanaman. Penelitian indikasi perubahan iklim dan dampaknya terhadap produksi tanaman padi di Indonesia (Sumatera Selatan dan Malang Raya) pada tahun 2011-2013 telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji adanya perubahan iklim dan bagaimana dampaknya terhadap produksi padi di Indonesia. Kajian ini menggunakan data dari temperatur, curah hujan, agroklimat, dan produksi tanaman padi serta data sosial ekonomi. Metodologi penelitian ini adalah deskriptif eksplanatori menggunakan konsep asesmen risiko dimana risiko (risk) merupakan fungsi dari bahaya (hazard) dan kerentanan (vulnerability). Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa di Indonesia telah terjadi perubahan iklim dengan indikasi peningkatan suhu, perubahan pola curah hujan, perubahan hitergraf, dan perubahan klasifikasi Oldeman. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa pertanian sangat rentan terhadap dampak perubahan iklim dengan indikasi level bahaya yang tinggi pada penurunan produksi padi sebagai akibat peningkatan suhu dan perubahan pola curah hujan. Beberapa daerah di Sumatera Selatan maupun Malang Raya mempunyai risiko tinggi pada penurunan produksi tanaman padi. Umumnya Indonesia mempunyai tingkat risiko tinggi pada penurunan produksi padi dengan rerata 1,37 % per tahun dan berpotensi menyebabkan penurunan produksi pangan nasional. Climate change has been occurred in Indonesia. Climate change affects agriculture through its impact on growth, development, and crop yield. Research on climate change indication and its impact on rice production in Indonesia (South Sumatra and Malang Raya) in 2011-2013 has been done. The study aimed to assess climate change and how it impacts rice production in Indonesia. This study used data of temperature, rainfall, agroclimate, and rice production and socioeconomic. The methodology of this research was descriptive explanatory using risk assessment concept where risk was a function of hazard and vulnerability. The results of the study indicated that in Indonesia has been ocurred climate change with indications of temperature increase, changes in rainfall patterns, changes in hitergraph, and changes in Oldeman classification. The results also show that agriculture is highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change with an indication of high hazard levels in the decline of rice production due to rising temperatures and changes in rainfall patterns. Several areas in South Sumatra and Malang Raya have a high risk of decreasing the rice production. Generally Indonesia has a high risk level on the decrease of rice production with an average of 1.37% per year and potentially causes the decline of national food production.
Perubahan morfologis dan anatomis kelapa sawit pada rezim air dan salinitas berbeda
Authors: Firmansyah Erick 
Published: July 2018

Salinitas tinggi dan genangan dapat terjadi pada tempat dan waktu yang sama; meskipun demikian pemahaman terhadap pengaruh kedua kondisi tersebut terhadap pertumbuhan, respon morfologis, dan anatomis kelapa sawit masih sedikit. Telah dilakukan penelitian dengan mengkombinasikan 2 aras salinitas (non salin dan salin) dan tiga taraf genangan (tanpa genangan, interval genangan 2 minggu, dan interval genangan 4 minggu). Penelitian dilakukan dalam pot selama 4 bulan dengan bahan tanam kelapa sawit berumur 4 bulan. Parameter pertumbuhan dianalisis dengan analisis varian dan dilanjutkan dengan uji jarak berganda Duncan pada jenjang nyata 5%. Pengamatan visual secara langsung dan pembuatan preparat melintang akar dilakukan untuk mengetahui perubahan morfologi dan anatomi tanaman. Hasil analisis menunjukkan salinitas tinggi dan genangan konsisten menurunkan parameter pertumbuhan kelapa sawit. Salinitas tinggi dan genangan tidak secara konsisten mengubah rasio luas masing-masing jaringan penyusun akar primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Kelapa sawit membentuk pneumatophore dan saluran aerenkima pada kondisi genangan, baik non salin maupun salin. Mekanisme adaptasi terhadap genangan tersebut dapat menurunkan pengaruh negatif cekaman salinitas tinggi. High salinity and waterlogging can occur at the same place and time; however, the effects of these two conditions on growth, morphological, and anatomical responses of oil palm was not fully understood. A research had been done by combining two levels of salinity (non saline and saline) and three levels of waterlogging (without waterlogging, two-week waterlogging intervals, and four-week waterlogging intervals). The study was conducted in pots for 4 months used 4 months old oil palm planting material. The growth parameters were analyzed by analysis variance continued by Duncan multiple-range test at 5% level of convidence. The morphological and anatomical changes of plants were observed trought direct observation and root cross section. The results showed that high salinity and waterlogging consistently decreased the oil palm growth parameter. High salinity and waterlogging did not consistently change the ratio of the area of each primary, secondary, and tertiary root tissue. Palm oil formed pneumatophores and aerenchyma under both non saline and saline waterlogging. Adaptation mechanisms to these waterlogging could reduce the negative effects of high salinity stress.
An Understanding of the Islamic Banking Industry from Customers’ Perspective
Authors: Chowdhury Rebeka Sultana 
Published: July 2018

During the last decade, conventional banks faced stiff competition from Islamic bank. The main purpose of the study is to find out the customers’ perspective on Islamic banking in Bangladesh. The study was based on both primary and secondary data. For collecting primary data, a questionnaire survey was conducted among Islamic banks’ customers. Selection of respondents was based on random sampling as well as the convenient sampling method. Customer opinions were measured by a 5-point Likert scale. Customers’ perspectives have been measured with respect to various aspects (service quality, profit rate, service charge, internet banking, employee proficiency, etc.). Findings of the study reveal that the respondents think positively about almost all aspects of the Islamic bank.
JEL Classification Code: G21
Determining Bank performance using CAMEL rating: A comparative study on selected Islamic and Conventional Banks in Bangladesh
Authors: Rafiq Md. Rafiqul Islam 
Published: July 2018

The present article seeks to examine the determinants of the bank profitability in a developing country like Bangladesh and to compare the performance of Islamic and conventional banks during the period 2008 - 2014. Specifically working within the Bangladeshi financial sector, the analysis is confined to the domestic commercial banks operating in the Bangladeshi financial sector during the period 2008-2014. In order to achieve the study objectives and to answer some questions, the ratio analysis and CAMEL has been used. The study found that the higher capital ratio, Tier-1, and growth in total deposits for Islamic banks than conventional banks. On the other hand, Islamic banks are not able to good perform with ROA, ROE and cost-to-income ratio while conventional banks showed satisfactory performance in utilizing funds which was proved in this analysis as high ROA, ROE and cost-to-income ratio. This study shows that management efficiency regarding operating expenses positively and significantly affects the banks’ profitability.

JEL Classifications: G2, G22, H12, G14
The present article seeks to examine the determinants of the bank profitability in a developing country like Bangladesh and to compare the performance of Islamic and conventional banks during the period 2008 - 2014. Specifically working within the Bangladeshi financial sector, the analysis is confined to the domestic commercial banks operating in the Bangladeshi financial sector during the period 2008-2014. In order to achieve the study objectives and to answer some questions, the ratio analysis and CAMEL has been used. The study found that the higher capital ratio, Tier-1, and growth in total deposits for Islamic banks than conventional banks. On the other hand, Islamic banks are not able to good perform with ROA, ROE and cost-to-income ratio while conventional banks showed satisfactory performance in utilizing funds which was proved in this analysis as high ROA, ROE and cost-to-income ratio. This study shows that management efficiency regarding operating expenses positively and significantly affects the banks’ profitability.
JEL Classifications: G2, G22, H12, G14
Sustainability of a Social Business: A Case Study on Grameen Danone Foods Limited
Authors: Yasmin Nur Nahar 
Published: July 2018

Achieving sustainability in the context of economic, social and environmental aspects has been one of the main focuses of modern times. The aim is to create the world that will facilitate the upcoming generations to lead a safe and sound life. Social business is a relatively new concept that assists in the creation of such a sustainable world by promoting and following the notion of “no-loss, no-dividend” business instead of conventional profit-maximizing business. The purpose of this paper is to show whether a social business can become a sustainable business and achieve the sustainable development goals set by United Nations. To scrutinize this theory of social business for sustainable development the author has selected Grameen-Danone Foods Limited (GDFL) as a case study. The endeavor of this paper is to elaborate the relationship between social business and sustainable development, describe GDFL as a social business and analyze the success (or failure) of GDFL as a sustainable social business. Finally, it tries to showcase a comparison of few of the sustainable development goals and the outcomes of the analysis of the business and social goals of GDFL.
JEL Classifications: M 10
Relationship between Liquidity Risk and Net Interest Margin of Conventional Banks in Bangladesh
Authors: Chowdhury A. N. M. Minhajul Haque , Siddiqua Ayesha , Chowdhury Abu Sayed Md. Mahmudul Haque 
Published: July 2018

Net interest margin (NIM) of a bank depends on several firm-specific factors. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of liquidity risk on the profitability indicating variable NIM of the conventional banks in Bangladesh. Seven banks were analyzed using the annual reports of the banks for the period of 2011 to 2015. Researchers applied descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression analysis to find out the results. The findings of the study provided evidence that cash to asset (CA) ratio had a negative relationship with NIM but a loan to asset (LA) ratio had a positive effect on the NIM. There was also a significant positive relationship between NIM and loan to deposit (LD) ratio. From the regression analysis it was clear that the LD, CA, and LA were able to explain the changes of NIM of the banks.
JEL Classifications: G 21
FACTOR DE AMPLIFICACION DE LA RESPUESTA DE ESTRUCTURAS CON RESISTENCIA ASIMETRICA
Authors: Ruiz 1 Sonia , Rosas 2 Hector 
Published: July 2018

Con el fin de estimar la esperanza de demanda de ductilidad de estructuras con asimetría en su resistencia lateral se obtiene una expresión la cual toma en cuenta el contenido de energía del movimiento sísmico, la aceleración del diseño y la duración de la parte intensa del movimiento. Dicha expresión se obtiene apartir del análisis de 115 estucturas de un grado de libertad, excitadas con diez acelerogramas registrados en las zona blanda y dura de la ciudad de México, y con tres movimientos senoidales modulados. Los resultados que arroja la expresión calculada en este trabajo se comparan con los correspondientes a las Normas Técnicas complementarias para diseño por sismo del Reglamento de construcciones del Distrito Federal de 1987. Estos últimos resusltan menos conservadores. Se analizan las razones de esta discrepancia.
Respuesta sísmica medida y calculada de un edificio de concreto, sometido al sismo de San Salvador de octubre 10, 1986
Authors: Zurita* Freddy , Meli** Roberto 
Published: July 2018

Un edificio de concreto de ocho pisos instrumentado con acelerógrafos en sótano, primer piso azotea soportó el sismo de San Salvador de octubre 10 de 1986 sufriendo sólo ligeros daños no estructurales. La aceleración máxima registrada en la base fue 0.47g y en la azotea 0.91g. Se hace un análisis de los registros obtenidos y se compara la respuesta medida con la que se obtiene de diferentes modelos teóricos de la estructura. Se encuentra que la historia de desplazamientos de la azotea es muy próxima a la que se calcula suponiendo que la estructura permaneció en el intervalo lineal durante el movimiento sísmico. Por otra parte, los momentos flexionantes que se debieron haber generado en los extremos de las vigas para un comportamiento lineal, exceden hasta en 4.6 veces para el positivo y en 2.2 veces para negativo, a los momentos resistentes calculados con los procedimientos usuales de diseño. Se investigan las posibles fuentes de sobrerresistencia de la estructura y, cuando se toman en cuenta los valores más probables de la resistencia que pudiera tener las distintas secciones, se encuentra que los momentos que debieron haber sido inducido en las vigas por el movimiento en la base excedente hasta en 3.8 veces para el positivo y 1.51 veces para el negativo, a la capacidad teórica de las secciones. El análisis del modelo no lineal indica que debieron haberse presentado demandas de ductilidad locales hasta de 3.7. Se evalúan las posibles causas de estas discrepancias y se analizan algunas repercusiones de los resultados encontrados para la práctica del diseño sísmico.
UN METODO DE LABORATORIO PARA DETERMINAR LOS PARAMETROS DINAMICOS DE LOS SUELOS PARA PEQUEÑOS NIVELES DE DEFORMACION (<10-5)
Authors: Rivera Rigoberto 
Published: July 2018

Se expone un método de laboratorio que conduce a la determinación silmultánea del módulo de Young y de la relación de Poisson para deformaciones inferiores a 10-5. El método se basa en el estudio del espectro de resonancias axiales de una barra cilíndrica, en el marco de la teoria elasto-dinámica, que emplea la ecuación de Pochhammer. La determinación del coeficiente de amortiguamientos se realiza mediante la técnica del ancho de banda, correspondiente a cada frecuencia de resonancia de la probeta de suelo. En este trabajo se discuten los resultados obtenidos con el método propuesto, en una arena de granulometria uniforme ensayada en estado seco y saturado.
Who Wants an iPad? An Exercise In Rationing
Authors: Carr David L. , Allgrunn Michael , Birkeland Kathryn 
Published: July 2018

This active learning exercise demonstrates the fundamental problem in economics that resources are scarce, while wants are relatively infinite. Students are exposed to four mechanisms for rationing scare resources: markets, queue, coupons, and lottery. An Apple iPad® pre-loaded with music, videos, and games is used as the good to be rationed. The uncertain value of the good allows for differences in willingness to pay. Students are guided through an exercise that highlights the efficiency/equity tradeoffs in different allocation mechanisms by observing who gets the iPad in each round and whether any secondary market transactions occur to change the allocation.
POTENTIAL OF COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN THE DIAGNOSTICS OF THE LACRIMAL GLAND EPITHELIAL TUMORS
Authors: Yatsenko O. Yu. , Tyurin I. E. 
Published: July 2018

Objective. Discussion of the X-ray data in patients with epithelial tumors of the lacrimal gland.Material and methods.We examined CT scans of 20 patients with lacrimal gland epithelial tumors (20 orbits). Pleomorphic adenoma was diagnosed in 9 patients, pleomorphic adenocarcinoma was diagnosed in 11 patients. The computed tomogtaphy was performed according to the standard method with obtaining axial and frontal slices. The slicethickness was 1.0 mm, sliceinterval – 1.0 mm.Results. The article presents data on the structure of lacrimal gland epithelial tumors, considering their volume, dimension and density. Based on the investigation results, the criteria for the differential diagnosis between pleomorphic adenoma and adenocarcinoma have been established.Conclusion.Computed tomography is an essential diagnostic technique for a suspected lacrimal gland tumor. Pleomorphic adenocarcinoma is characterized by a greater density and more heterogeneous structure compared to pleomorphic adenoma. Nearly 3/4 of patients with pleomorphic adenocarcinoma present changes in their orbital walls. The pleomorphic adenoma can’t be ruled out in patients with the thinning of the orbital wall.
FOSSA NAVICULARIS MAGNA AT THE SKULL BASE: EMBRYOGENESIS AND ITS DETECTION BY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
Authors: Kabak S. L. , Zatochnaya V. V. , Mel’nichenko Yu. M. , Savrasova N. A. , Dorokh E. A. 
Published: July 2018

Fossa navicularis magna was detected in multislice spiral computed tomography in two patients who turned to the medical centers with pathology of the paranasal sinuses. Its appearance is determined during the development of the basilar part of the occipital bone and the body of the sphenoid bone in embryogenesis. This fossa has the appearance of an edge defect on the ventral surface of the clivus in CBCT scans. Practical radiologist should interpret such a finding as a congenital anomaly of development, but not as an invasive lesion.