bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revision Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction in Professional Baseball: Current Trends, Surgical Techniques, and Outcomes
Authors: Camp Christopher L. , Desai Vishal , Conte Stan , Ahmad Christopher S. , Ciccotti Michael , Dines Joshua S. , Altchek David W. , D’Angelo John , Griffith Timothy B. 
Published: August 2019

Background: Ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) reconstruction of the elbow is commonly performed on professional baseball pitchers. Recent reports have suggested that revision rates are on the rise and may be higher than previously thought. Purpose: To provide a comprehensive report on current trends, surgical techniques, and outcomes of revision UCL reconstructions performed on professional baseball pitchers between 2010 and 2016. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: The Major League Baseball Health and Injury Tracking System (HITS) was used to compile records of all revision UCL reconstructions performed on professional baseball pitchers between 2010 and 2016. Player data and outcomes were obtained from HITS, and surgical details were obtained from operative reports. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed on epidemiologic data. Outcomes (return to play [RTP] rates, RTP times, subsequent injuries, and subsequent surgeries) were compared across the most common surgical techniques (docking vs modified Jobe) and graft sources (palmaris longus autograft vs hamstring autograft). Results: A total of 69 professional baseball pitchers underwent revision UCL reconstruction from 2010 to 2016 at an average of 1424 days (47 months) after their primary surgery. A trend was seen toward increasing numbers of revision surgeries over time ( R2 = 0.441; P = .104). The most commonly used tunnel configuration was the modified Jobe technique (n = 41; 59.4%), and the most commonly used graft was hamstring autograft (n = 34; 49.3%). A majority (76.6%) of pitchers achieved RTP, and 55.3% were able to return to the same level of play. Mean time to RTP was 436 days (14.5 months) for players with a palmaris longus autograft versus 540 days (18 months) for those with a hamstring autograft ( P = .108). Further, the mean time to RTP was 423 days (14 months) for the docking technique versus 519 days (17 months) for the modified Jobe technique ( P = .296). Similar rates of subsequent injuries and surgeries were noted between the 2 revision techniques and 2 most commonly used graft constructs. Conclusion: Revision UCL reconstruction showed relatively high RTP rates (77%), but only 55% of players returned to their same level of play. Mean time to RTP was shorter than that found in other, smaller investigations. Although general trends were seen toward decreased time to RTP for the docking technique and palmaris longus autograft, these differences did not reach statistical significance.
Educational Impact of a Podcast Covering Vitreoretinal Topics: 1-Year Survey Results
Authors: Venincasa Michael J. , Cai Louis Z. , Chang Angela , Kuriyan Ajay E. , Sridhar Jayanth 
Published: August 2019

Purpose: This article aims to determine preferences and demographics for listeners of an ophthalmology podcast, since podcasts are gaining favor for medical education. Methods: The present study used a cross-sectional, online survey as well as Podtrac, Inc and Squarespace, Inc platform analytics to examine perceived educational usefulness of podcasts for listeners. Results: Quarterly episode downloads increased from 684 in first-quarter 2017 to 16 016 in third-quarter 2018. A total of 102 participants completed the survey: 82 (80.4%) men and 68 (66.7%) retina attending physicians or fellows. Most respondents listened to “stay up to date” or “learn more about the field of retina” (67; 65.7% each). Most respondents agreed that podcasts are useful for medical education and result in changes in practice, but not that podcasts have surpassed traditional educational methods. For respondents, there was no difference in perceived usefulness between podcasts and peer-reviewed journals, textbooks, continuing medical education lectures, or national conferences; these did not differ with respondent listening histories. Conclusions: Podcasts are valuable adjuncts for distributing clinically relevant material.
Prognostic value and reproducibility of different microscopic characteristics in the WHO grading systems for pTa and pT1 urinary bladder urothelial carcinomas
Authors: Kvikstad Vebjørn , Mangrud Ok Målfrid , Gudlaugsson Einar , Dalen Ingvild , Espeland Hans , Baak Jan P. A. , Janssen Emiel A. M. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
European treatment guidelines for pTa and pT1 urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma depend highly on stage and WHO-grade. Both the WHO73 and the WHO04 grading systems show some intra- and interobserver variability. The current pilot study investigates which histopathological features are especially sensitive for this undesired lack of reproducibility and the influence on prognostic value.

Methods
Thirty-eight cases of primary non-muscle invasive urothelial carcinomas, including thirteen cases with stage progression, were reviewed by three pathologists. Thirteen microscopic features were extracted from pathology textbooks and evaluated separately. Reproducibility was measured using Gwet’s agreement coefficients. Prognostic ability regarding progression was estimated by the area under curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) function.

Results
The best reproducible features (Gwet’s agreement coefficient above 0.60) were papillary architecture, nuclear polarity, cellular maturation, nuclear enlargement and giant nuclei. Nucleoli was the strongest prognostic feature, and the only feature with an AUC above 0.70 for both grading systems, but reproducibility was not among the strongest. Nuclear polarity also had prognostic value with an AUC of 0.70 and 0.67 for the WHO73 and WHO04, respectively. The other features did not have significant prognostic value.

Conclusions
The reproducibility of the histopathological features of the different WHO grading systems varied considerably. Of all the features evaluated, only nuclear polarity was both prognostic and significantly reproducible. Further validation studies are needed on these features to improve grading of urothelial carcinomas.
Predictors of therapeutic treatment outcome in adolescent chronic tic disorders
Authors: Nissen J. B. , Parner E. T. , Thomsen P. H. 
Published: August 2019

Background
Chronic tic disorders may have a major impact on a child's function. A significant effect has been shown for combined habit reversal training (HRT) and exposure response prevention (ERP) treatment delivered in an individual and group setting.

Aims
The present study examines predictors and moderators of treatment outcome after an acute therapeutic intervention.

Method
Fifty-nine children and adolescents were randomised to manualised treatment combining HRT and ERP as individual or group training. Age, gender, baseline tic severity, Premonitory Urge for Tics Scale (PUTS) scores, Beliefs about Tic Scale (BATS) scores, hypersensitivity and comorbid psychiatric symptoms were analysed as predictors of outcome. The same characteristics were examined as moderators for individual versus group treatment. Outcome measures included the change in total tic severity (TTS) score and functional impairment score (as measured by the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS)).

Results
Internalising symptoms predicted a lesser decrease in functional impairment. The occurrence of obsessive–compulsive symptoms predicted a larger decrease in TTS. Baseline hypersensitivity and high scores on depressive symptoms favoured individual treatment. High baseline PUTS scores favoured group therapy.

Conclusions
This is the first study examining factors predicting and moderating perceived functional impairment following a therapeutic intervention. The study adds to the knowledge on predictors and moderators of TTS. Furthermore, this is the first study examining the effect of the BATS score. The study points towards factors that may influence treatment outcome and that require consideration when choosing supplemental treatment. This applies to comorbid anxiety and depressive symptoms, and to the child's belief about their tics and premonitory urge.

Declaration of interest
None.
Distinct actin cytoskeleton behaviour in primary and immortalised T-cells
Authors: Colin-York Huw , Kumari Sudha , Barbieri Liliana , Cords Lena , Fritzsche Marco 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT
Cytoskeletal actin dynamics are crucial for the activation of T-cells. Immortalised Jurkat T-cells have been the model system of choice to examine and correlate the dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton and the immunological synapse leading to T-cell activation. However, it has remained unclear whether immortalised cellular systems, such as Jurkat T-cells can recapitulate the cytoskeletal behaviour of primary T-cells. Studies delineating the cytoskeletal behaviour of Jurkat T-cells in comparison to primary T-cells are lacking. Here, we employ live-cell super-resolution microscopy to investigate the cytoskeletal actin organisation and dynamics of living primary and immortalised Jurkat T-cells at the appropriate spatiotemporal resolution. Under comparable activation conditions, we found differences in the architectural organisation and dynamics of Jurkat and primary mouse and human T-cells. Although the three main actin network architectures in Jurkat T-cells were reminiscent of primary T-cells, there were differences in the organisation and molecular mechanisms underlying these networks. Our results highlight mechanistic distinctions in the T-cell model system most utilised to study cytoskeletal actin dynamics.
Peak expiratory flow rate and chronic respiratory symptoms among restaurant workers: a cross-sectional study from Thailand
Authors: Juntarawijit Chudchawal 
Published: August 2019

Background: Cooking smoke is a major source of indoor air pollution affecting millions of people worldwide. To date, there has been no epidemiological study to show the variation in health effects resulting from work at different kinds of restaurants in Thailand. This study determines lung function and chronic respiratory symptoms of workers in four types of eateries commonly found in Thailand. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 321 people working in four common types of restaurants in Thailand: ‘tamsang’ restaurants (from the Thai word ร้านอาหารตามสั่ง, a restaurant that makes a variety of foods to order) (170 people), papaya salad restaurants (51 people), noodle restaurants (50 people), and barbecue stalls (50 people). The restaurant workers’ demographic data as well as information on their working conditions was collected using a questionnaire administered in a face to face interview. Each worker’s peak expiratory flow rate was measured using a portable peak flow meter. Results: This study found that working in a ‘tamsang’ restaurant is associated with a higher risk of poor lung function (OR = 2.59, 95% CI 1.33–5.06) and a higher prevalence of moderate dyspnea symptoms (OR = 3.79, 95% CI 1.63–8.79) compared to working in a papaya salad restaurant. The study also found that each of the following were associated with poor lung function and/or chronic respiratory symptoms: cooking with palm oil, having irritated teary eyes while cooking, cooking without a ventilation hood, long past experience working at restaurants, and working in a small cooking area (1–6 m2). Conclusions: Work in different kinds of restaurants with variations in cooking methods and work conditions produces diverse effects on airway and lung function. Regulatory organizations should pay careful attention to protecting the health of restaurant workers, especially those working in ‘tamsang’ restaurants.
The comparison of the rate of apical displacement in curved root canals using Neoniti and RaCe files by cone beam CT Scan
Authors: Godiny Mostafa , Nikkerdar Nafiseh , Hatam Reza , Shahsavand Leila , Khavid Atefeh 
Published: August 2019

Background and aim: There is a high prevalence of root canal transportation in the teeth with the curve. effect of root canal transportation on the success of root canal therapy of tooth is negative and there is no study about comparing RaCe and Neoniti files in root canal transportation. The aim of this study is assessment and comparing two different RaCe and Neoniti files to determine transportation error in various parts of root using CBCT assessment and comparing them with each other.Method: In this experimental study 50 extracted mandibular molar teeth selected. Teeth were divided randomly into two groups i.e. 25 teeth threated with RaCe file (first group) and 25 teeth threated with Neonitu files (second group). in this study to measurement thickness of dentine in the scan ,before and after instrumentation at the same time we used axial images that obtain from NNT viewer 6.1.0 software .Findings: in the first group ,The mean tooth transportation in 5 mm of apex was 0.15 and in the second group The mean tooth transportation in 5 mm of apex was 0.18 mm that there was no statistically significant difference in canal transportation between RaCe and Neoniti files in five millimeters distant from apex area (p=0.492) and the mean transportation from 9 mm of apex was 0.14 in the second group that There was no statistically significant difference in canal transportation between two groups (p=0.911).Conclusion: The results indicated that there was no significant difference of tooth transportation between two file systems in 3, 9, 7, 5 and 11mm from the apex and both files were safe.
Krisis und Kritik. Zum Sprachspiel der Disputation
Authors: Sass Hartmut von 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
On the occation of the Leipzig Disputation 500 years ago, this paper deals with the genuinely theological relation between dispute and disputation, between disagreement and a culture handling that very disagreement. By way of introduction, three dogmatic doctrines will be consulted to regard disputes as institutions internal to faith (I.). This section is followed by considerations on disputations as language games to deal with this kind of dissensus in a structured and safeguarded way (II.). At the end, I will return to the Leipzig Disputation and its effects on a theological culture of disagreement; to do this, three inter-related claims will be presented: according to them, the event of 1519 could be viewed as a communicative re­volution. The discourse of theology has changed considerably by a sustainable transformation of what was and is meant by a disputatio in the first place (III.).
Politische Theologie und öffentliche Theologie
Authors: Moltmann Jürgen 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Referring to the discussions on »Public Theology« in issue 1 of this volume of EvTh, Jürgen Moltmann recalls the »new political theology« to which, together with Johann Baptist Metz and others, he contributed in the 60th and 70th of the 20th century. Unlike this »Political Theology«, according to Moltmann, »Public Theology« does not primarily focus on a libera­ting practice but rather on the Church’s Impact on public discourse. Moltmann reminds the Church, however, not to neglect the content of the Christian message by only aiming at public attention and Impact.
Nicht nur aus der Not geboren
Authors: Garhammer Stephan 
Published: August 2019

Überblick
Im Bistum Hildesheim wird eine neue Form des Personaleinsatzes in der Seelsorge eingeführt. Grundgedanken dieser neuen Form der Zusammenarbeit sind das Arbeiten im Team und die Einsicht, dass das pastorale Personal die Christinnen und Christen befähigt, Kirche vor Ort eigenverantwortlich zu gestalten. Den Weg hin zu dieser Form und eine erste Beschreibung des Personaleinsatzes stellt der nachfolgende Beitrag vor.
Wie geht's den Diakon*innen?
Authors: Schendel Gunther 
Published: August 2019

Überblick
Der Beruf der Diakon*innen ist neu in den Blick geraten. An ihn knüpft sich die Hoffnung auf Brückenbauer*innen, die der Kirche neue Kontakte und eine neue Relevanz erschließen. In multiprofessionellen Teams sollen sie eine neue Rolle spielen. Aber wie ist aktuell die Berufsrealität der Diakon*innen? Dazu hat das Sozialwissenschaftliche Institut der EKD eine empirische Untersuchung in der Evangelisch-lutherischen Landeskirche Hannovers durchge­führt. Ihre Auswertung gibt Auskunft über Variablen, die für die Arbeitszufriedenheit wichtig sind, und zeigt die Spezialisierung und Differenzierung im Arbeitsfeld der Diakon*innen. Für die Diskussion um die weitere Entwicklung des Berufs sind die Erwartungen der Anstel­lungsträger von Bedeutung, die in Richtung einer verstärkten Sozialraumorientierung und des Verkündigens gehen.
Effects of weed management and plant arrangements on yield index of sweet sorghum
Authors: Reis Ronaldo Matias , Freitas Matheus Souza , Silva Daniel Valadão , Pereira Gustavo Antônio Mendes , Passos Ana Beatriz Rocha de Jesus , Silva Alexandre Ferreira , Silva Antonio Alberto da , Reis Marcelo Rodrigues dos 
Published: August 2019

Sweet sorghum is currently an important alternative for ethanol production in sugar cane off-season. In this study was to evaluate the effects of plant arrangements and the application of atrazine and S-metolachlor on growth and productivity of sweet sorghum. An experiment was conducted in randomized block design and, arranged in split plots with four repetitions. Plots consisted of spacing (0.25 m, 0.45 m 0.45-0.45-0.90 m) and sub-plots of weed control methods - atrazine (2000 g ha-1), atrazine + S-metolachlor (2000 + 720 g ha-1), atrazine + S-metolachlor (2000 + 960 g ha-1), atrazine + S-metolachlor (2000 + 1200 g ha-1), atrazine + S-metolachlor (2000 + 1440 g ha-1). Besides that, manual hoeing control was added. The intoxication of sorghum plants and weed control was evaluated at 7, 14 e 28 days after herbicides application (DAA). Plant height, stem diameter, total fresh matter, juice mass and total soluble solids (°Brix) were evaluated at 120 days after crop emergence (DAE). There was no interaction between the factors spacings and control method for variables total matter fresh (TMF), height (H), stem diameter (D), juice mass (JM), and Brix. Application of the mixture (atrazine + S-metolachlor) in the highest doses reduced total fresh matter and °Brix. The spacing of 0.25 m provided the highest productivity of fresh matter, juice mass and increased the °Brix. The application of mixture (atrazine + S-metolachlor) controlled 90% of the weeds at 28 days after application. The increasing in doses of S-metolachlor elevates the intoxication in sorghum plants. The mixture (atrazine + S-metolachlor) has a potential for use in weed control in sweet sorghum, but at doses below 960 g ha-1 of S-metolachlor.
metolachlor.
Direito Fundamental dos Adotandos à Nacionalidade na Adoção Internacional
Authors: Cavallieri Leila Arruda , Del'Olmo Florisbal 
Published: August 2019

O artigo apresenta uma visão da importância de se garantir o direito à aquisição e a garantia de uma nacionalidade, no país de acolhida, para crianças e adolescentes nas adoções internacionais que se concretizam sob a égide da Convenção da Haia sobre Adoção Internacional. A primeira etapa da investigação se inicia pela pesquisa das normativas constitucionais e infraconstitucionais brasileiras que definem o instituto da nacionalidade. Em seguida, verifica-se até que ponto ocorreu uma constitucionalização do direito internacional no tocante a direitos fundamentais, em especial o de se tornar cidadão. Posteriormente, a pesquisa busca explicar como se dá a concessão de nacionalidade nos países de acolhida de crianças e adolescentes nas adoções entre Estados, com intuito de aferir se os ditames da Convenção da Haia sobre Adoção Internacional estão sendo respeitados. Dessa feita, a pesquisa visa demonstrar a importância de adequação de normas internas ao texto convencional com intuito de consolidar as reais necessidades dos adotandos para a plena fruição de direitos nos países dos adotantes.
Superlinear Schrödinger–Kirchhoff type problems involving the fractional p–Laplacian and critical exponent
Authors: Xiang Mingqi , Zhang Binlin , Rădulescu Vicenţiu D. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This paper concerns the existence and multiplicity of solutions for the Schrődinger–Kirchhoff type problems involving the fractional p–Laplacian and critical exponent. As a particular case, we study the following degenerate Kirchhoff-type nonlocal problem:

‖
u
‖

λ

(

θ
−
1

)

p

[

λ

(

−
Δ

)

p
s

u
+
V

(
x
)

|
u
|

p
−
2

u

]

=

|
u
|

p
s
⋆

−
2

u
+
f

(

x
,
u

)

i
n

ℝ
N

,

‖
u
‖

λ

=

(

λ

∫
ℝ

∫

2
N

|

u

(
x
)

−
u

(
y
)

|

p

|

x
−
y

|

N
+
p
s

d
x
d
y
+

∫

ℝ
N

V

(
x
)

|
u
|

p

d
x

)

1
/
p

$$\begin{align}& \left\| u \right\|_{\lambda }^{\left( \theta -1 \right)p}\left[ \lambda \left( -\Delta \right)_{p}^{s}u+V\left( x \right){{\left| u \right|}^{p-2}}u \right]={{\left| u \right|}^{p_{s}^{\star }-2}}u+f\left( x,u \right)\,in\,{{\mathbb{R}}^{N}}, \\ & {{\left\| u \right\|}_{\lambda }}={{\left( \lambda \int\limits_{\mathbb{R}}{\int\limits_{2N}{\frac{{{\left| u\left( x \right)-u\left( y \right) \right|}^{p}}}{{{\left| x-y \right|}^{N+ps}}}}dxdy+\int\limits_{{{\mathbb{R}}^{N}}}{V\left( x \right){{\left| u \right|}^{p}}dx}} \right)}^{{1}/{p}\;}} \\ \end{align}$$

where

(

−
Δ

)

p
s

$\left( -\Delta \right)_{p}^{s}$

is the fractional p–Laplacian with 0 < s < 1 < p < N/s,

p
s
⋆

=

N
p

/

(

N
−
p
s

)

$p_{s}^{\star }={Np}/{\left( N-ps \right)}\;$

is the critical fractional Sobolev exponent, λ > 0 is a real parameter,

1
<
θ
≤

p
s
⋆

/
p

,

$1<\theta \le {p_{s}^{\star }}/{p}\;,$

and f : ℝ
N
× ℝ → ℝ is a Carathéodory function satisfying superlinear growth conditions. For

θ
∈

(

1
,

p
s
⋆

/
p

)

,

$\theta \in \left( 1,{p_{s}^{\star }}/{p}\; \right),$

by using the concentration compactness principle in fractional Sobolev spaces, we show that if f(x, t) is odd with respect to t, for any m ∈ ℕ+ there exists a Λm
> 0 such that the above problem has m pairs of solutions for all λ ∈ (0, Λm
]. For

θ
=

p
s
⋆

/
p

,

$\theta ={p_{s}^{\star }}/{p}\;,$

by using Krasnoselskii’s genus theory, we get the existence of infinitely many solutions for the above problem for λ large enough. The main features, as well as the main difficulties, of this paper are the facts that the Kirchhoff function is zero at zero and the potential function satisfies the critical frequency inf
x

∈ℝ
V(x) = 0. In particular, we also consider that the Kirchhoff term satisfies the critical assumption and the nonlinear term satisfies critical and superlinear growth conditions. To the best of our knowledge, our results are new even in p–Laplacian case.
Modelling and impact of the turbulence effect on flash and cumulative 2D active imaging system
Authors: Meyer Olivier 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In the topic of 2D active imaging systems, two technologies exist for image acquisition. The flash mode consists of a very short and intense laser shot, associated with a short time integration of the sensor (range of hundreds of nanoseconds). The second is the cumulative mode which consists of the integration of many low level energy laser pulses over a long-time integration of the sensor (range of tens of milliseconds). Cumulative mode systems have existed for a long time in the near infrared band. But for the past few years, new sensors are available in the short wave infrared (SWIR) band. Cumulative mode in the SWIR band can provide 2D active imaging systems with very low risk considering the eye safety aspects. Moreover, with a similar design, cumulative systems can overcome the range of flash systems, thanks to their ability to average turbulence effects over the sensor integration time. So, in this paper we have proposed a scintillation noise comparison for each mode. First, we exposed the two types of available models, a numerical model, used for image generation. Second one, an analytical model, used for a quick evaluation of the design of a 2D active imaging system. Both models were compared, especially in their area of validity. Then for a specific scenario, we estimated the gain in term of range performance between a cumulative and a flash system.