bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental Study on the Process and Performance of Pre‐Dressing‐Assisted Laser Joining of Vascular Tissues
Authors: Huang Jun , Li Yanyu , Yan Mintao , Xu Tongyu , Wang Kehong 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBlood vessels are an important part of the human circulatory system. In clinical surgery, the common method for treating ruptured blood vessels is suturing, but this method can cause inflammatory reactions. With the popularization of lasers, they have been widely used in the medical field. However, due to the poor absorption of laser energy by tissues, the tensile strength of tissues after joining is low. To further improve the tensile strength after laser joining, this study analyzed the law of the effect of pre‐dressing‐assisted laser on the tensile strength and thermal denaturation of vascular tissues after joining with different components and concentrations by designing experiments. The experimental results showed that the tensile strength of the joined tissues could reach 50.978 KPa, and the degree of thermal denaturation was only 0.025, which is of great significance for the study of laser‐joined vascular tissues.
LncRNA 93358 Aggravates the Apoptosis of Myocardial Cells After Ischemia‐Reperfusion by Mediating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway
Authors: Cai Jiumei , Zhang Zhiwei , Chen Lingling , Wang Xiaoping , Zhong Yiming , Xie Dongyang , Liao Wei 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTTo investigate the impact of LncRNA 93358 on ischemia‐reperfusion induced myocardial cell apoptosis and the underlying mechanism. After being subjected to hypoxia for 4 h, three models of hypoxia‐reoxygenation (H/R) with reoxygenation times of 8, 16, and 24 h were established. The expression of LncRNA 93358 was detected by qPCR, and the most suitable conditions were selected for subsequent experiments. The LncRNA 93358 knockout rat myocardial cells were established by transfecting with shRNA‐93358 and identified by the RT‐PCR assay, followed by constructing the in vitro H/R model. H/R myocardial cells were treated with blank medium (Model), shRNA‐NC (LncRNA 93358 NC), shRNA‐93358 (LncRNA 93358 knock), and shRNA‐93358 + LY294002 (LncRNA 93358 knockout+LY294002), respectively. Normal myocardial cells treated with blank medium was taken as the control group. The cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by the flow cytometry. The level of cellular SOD and MDA was measured by the ELISA assay. The expression level of LncRNA 93358 was determined by the RT‐PCR assay and Western blot assay was utilized to evaluate the expression level of AKT1, p‐AKT1, mTOR, p‐mTOR, bcl‐2, and Bax. Compared to control, the expression of LncRNA 93358 in H9C2 cells was significantly increased under hypoxic conditions for 4 h followed by reoxygenation for 8 h/16 h. Moreover, the expression of LncRNA 93358 was relatively higher under hypoxic conditions for 4 h followed by reoxygenation for 16 h. Compared to control, significantly lower p‐mTOR/mTOR and p‐AKT1/AKT1 level was observed in the model group, accompanied by the elevated MDA level, declined SOD level, increased apoptotic rate, enhanced arrest at S phase, upregulated Bax, and downregulated Bcl‐2. Compared to the model and LncRNA 93358 NC group, the expression level of p‐mTOR/mTOR and p‐AKT1/AKT1 was significantly promoted in the LncRNA 93358 knock group, accompanied by the declined MDA level, increased SOD level, reduced apoptotic rate, increased arrest at G0/G1 phase, downregulated Bax, and upregulated Bcl‐2, which were dramatically reversed in the LncRNA 93358 knockout+LY294002 group. LncRNA 93358 aggravated the apoptosis of myocardial cells after ischemia‐reperfusion by mediating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
COVID‐19 and Oncofertility: No SARS‐CoV‐2 in Semen but Inflammation Seems to Affect Sperm Parameters
Authors: Chaput Laure , Pons‐Rejraji Hanae , Chabrolles Hélène , Fiot Mélanie , Lucas Cécily , Pereira Bruno , Bonnet Benjamin , Haj Hamid Rahaf , Rives‐Feraille Aurélie , Binois Olivier , Ferreux Lucile , Delepine Béatrice , Koscinski Isabelle , Lichtblau Isabelle , Giscard d'Estaing Sandrine , Bendayan Marion , Saias‐Magnan Jacqueline , Lousqui Johanna , Henquell Cécile , Brugnon Florence 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe COVID‐19 pandemic, driven by SARS‐CoV‐2, led authorities to recommend halting assisted reproductive technology programs, focusing instead on fertility preservation, for cancer patients. The presence of SARS‐CoV‐2 in semen remains controversial. This multicentric prospective cohort study, conducted across 12 university medical centers, aimed to determine if SARS‐CoV‐2 is present in spermatozoa/seminal plasma in cancer patients by RT‐PCR and to assess its impact on standard semen parameters. The levels of cytokines and TNF‐α were measured in seminal fluid by ELISA. We enrolled 129 men who underwent sperm cryopreservation between July 7, 2020, and June 30, 2021. The 63 were included and tested for COVID‐19 in nasal swab samples by RT‐PCR and/or by serology. All patients were asymptomatic on the day of semen collection: 50 were uninfected, 8 had a positive nasal swab (PCR+) and 5 were seropositive. SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA was not detected in the seminal fluid or spermatozoa. Ejaculate volume was significantly lower in the PCR+ group compared to the uninfected group (median [IQR]: 2.6 mL [1.6–3.4] vs. 4.6 mL [2.6–5.2] p < 0.05). Total and progressive motility were lower in the PCR+ group compared to the seropositive group (32.5% [25.0–45.0] vs. 50% [49.0–55.0] p < 0.05, and 22.5% [10.0; 32.5] vs. 44.5% [40–49] p < 0.05). Higher TNF‐α level was observed in the PCR+ group (1.9 pg/mL [0–3.9]) compared to the uninfected group (0 pg/mL [0–0.4]) p < 0.05. Although SARS‐CoV‐2 was not detected in the sperm samples of cancer patients who were PCR+, the infection appears to impact sperm parameters, likely due to inflammation.
Viral Load Measurements for Kaposi Sarcoma Herpesvirus (KSHV/HHV8): Review and an Updated Assay
Authors: Cano Patricio , Seltzer Tischan , Seltzer Jedediah , Peng Alice , Landis Justin , Pluta Linda , Dittmer Dirk P. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT“When you can measure what you are speaking about, and express it in numbers, you know something about it.” is a famous quote attributed to Lord Kelvin. This sentiment puts viral load measurements at the center of virology. Viral load, or more precisely, DNA copy number measurements, are also used to follow infections with human herpesviruses, such as Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) and Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV). EBV and KSHV are associated with human cancers, and determining their DNA copy numbers in the context of cancer prediction and progression on therapy is of fundamental scientific and translational interest. Yet, there is no generally accepted assay for KSHV DNA quantitation, and KSHV viral load is not used in clinical decision‐making. Here, we review the history of KSHV DNA detection assays, explore factors that affect sensitivity and specificity, and describe an automated, high‐throughput, real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for KSHV and EBV. In conjunction with a digital PCR assay using the same primer/probe combination, we describe how to determine the absolute KSHV genome copy numbers in plasma, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, saliva, and other easily accessible body fluids.
CULTAN Fertilization Contributes to Lower N Leaching While Maintaining Yield
Authors: Bernert Guénola , Spiess Ernst , Liebisch Frank 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe controlled uptake long‐term ammonium nutrition (CULTAN) fertilization technique consists of injecting a concentrated ammonium solution into the soil and aims to positively impact crop physiology and N use efficiency.AimsThis study assesses whether CULTAN can contribute to lower N leaching while maintaining yields in temperate regions with an annual precipitation of around 1000 mm or higher.MethodsWe analyzed a 12‐year lysimeter experiment with two consecutive 6‐crop rotations and a 3‐year field experiment with winter wheat and maize in Switzerland. CULTAN was compared to a conventional surface application of ammonium nitrate fertilizer (ConvF).ResultsCULTAN achieved at least similar yields compared to ConvF in both studies and had a 38% lower yield‐scaled N leaching in the lysimeters. In both studies, CULTAN displayed higher nitrogen recovery efficiency (NRE) compared to ConvF, with an increase ranging from 8% to 17% depending on crop type, although a statistical significance was only found for winter wheat in the field study. NRE and N leaching were only weakly correlated, indicating that other N pathways are affected in the CULTAN fertilization system. Finally, we suggest that the timing and placement of the CULTAN injection need to be better adapted to the plant physiology and pedoclimatic conditions for optimal nutrient use and crop yields.ConclusionIn areas of high nitrate concentration in the groundwater, CULTAN can be an effective fertilization strategy complementing loss reduction measures.
Short‐Term Dynamics of Low Molecular Weight Organic Substances and Biochar in Arable Soils
Authors: Kohlmann Simon , Greenberg Isabel , Joergensen Rainer Georg , Dippold Michaela A. , Ludwig Bernard 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundMain transformation pathways of low molecular weight organic substances (LMWOS) are understood, but only limited knowledge exists on their transformations in different soils and on their interactions with biochar.AimObjectives were to study short‐term pathways of 13C‐labelled LMWOS with different functional groups in the presence and absence of biochar in arable loess soils.MethodsSoils from three sites were incubated with or without artificially aged biochar and 13C‐labelled acetate, alanine or glucose at different rates (10 or 50 µmol C g−1 soil) at 60% water holding capacity and 15°C for 5 days, and total and substrate‐derived CO2‐C and microbial biomass C (MBC) were determined and analyses of variance were calculated.ResultsCumulative CO2‐C (ΣCO2‐C) emission was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) affected by substrate rate and type and their interaction. Biochar significantly stimulated total, but not substrate‐derived ΣCO2‐C (ΣCO2‐CSD) emission. Box‐Cox transformed MBC was significantly affected by site, substrate rate and type, whereas biochar had no significant effect. Substrate‐derived MBC (MBCSD) and carbon use efficiency (CUE) were significantly affected by site, substrate rate and type and their interaction.ConclusionsMBCSD and CUE results at low addition rate confirmed the greater importance of glucose for the build‐up of MBC compared to acetate and alanine, whereas the latter were mineralized to a greater extent. Biochar, once it is aged, which is the typical biochar form in soil, did not significantly affect build‐up of MBCSD and CUE and only slightly increased total, but not ΣCO2‐CSD emission.
A decade of real‐world clinical experience with 8‐week azithromycin–metronidazole combined therapy in paediatric Crohn's disease
Authors: Fioretti Maria Teresa , Gianolio Laura , Armstrong Katherine , Rabone Rosalind M. , Henderson Paul , Wilson David C. , Russell Richard K. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of our study was to assess the effectiveness and side‐effect profile of a combination of azithromycin and metronidazole (CD AZCRO) as alternative induction therapy for 8 weeks in mild to moderately active paediatric Crohn's disease (CD).MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study (November 2012 to July 2023) of a regional paediatric inflammatory bowel disease service. Disease activity, faecal calprotectin (FC), C‐reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), haematological parameters and albumin were collected at baseline, 8 and 16 weeks. At Week 8, patients were divided based on (paediatric Crohn's disease activity index) score and inflammatory markers (blood and stool) into: Group 1 clinical remission and Group 2 non‐remission.ResultsA total of 48 patients were initially identified of whom 44 were included in the intention‐to‐treat analysis. After 8 weeks, the overall remission rate was 64%. Of the 38 patients who completed the CD AZCRO course, 28 patients (74%) entered remission (Group 1) and 10 (26%) did not (Group 2). At baseline a shorter disease duration, low weight z score and higher inflammatory burden (ESR, platelets and FC levels) were observed in Group 2. After 8 weeks, Group 1 showed improved CRP levels and higher albumin and haemoglobin levels than Group 2. Median FC declined significantly from 650 mcg/g at baseline to 190 mcg/g at Week 8 in Group 1 (p < 0.001). At 16 weeks, 23/28 patients (82%) continued in clinical remission. Nausea and vomiting were reported in 4/44 patients.ConclusionsOur real‐world data demonstrate that CD AZCRO represents an alternative induction therapy for mild to moderate paediatric CD.
Clinical Features and Prognosis of Malignant Cutaneous Adnexal Tumors: A Retrospective Study Using a Japanese Database
Authors: Wada Shogo , Ishii Taisuke , Ogata Dai , Nakano Eiji , Namikawa Kenjiro , Yamazaki Naoya , Higashi Takahiro 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTMalignant cutaneous adnexal tumors (MCATs) are rare. Previous population‐based studies to determine the clinical features and prognosis of MCATs mainly included Caucasian patients, and the characteristics of Asian patients with MCATs have not yet been investigated. We aimed to investigate the characteristics of Asian patients with MCAT using a Japanese database. This retrospective study of patients with MCATs from 2012 to 2015 was conducted using a database linked to the Hospital‐Based Cancer Registry and Diagnosis Procedure Combination data. Patient characteristics and survival data were analyzed using the Kaplan−Meier method and Cox regression analysis. A total of 1930 patients were included. The median age at diagnosis was 76 years (range, 14−107 years), and 46.3% of the patients were male. The most common histological finding was sebaceous adenocarcinoma (41.6%), followed by porocarcinoma (21.7%). The 5‐year overall survival rate was 72.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 70.2%−74.3%). A favorable factor for overall survival was female sex (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.64−0.96), while unfavorable factors were age > 80 years (HR: 4.40, 95% CI: 3.56−5.46), Stage ≥II (Stage II, HR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.05−1.71; Stage III, HR: 3.12, 95% CI: 2.16−4.50; Stage IV, HR: 7.31, 95% CI: 4.92−10.87), and histologic findings of spiradenocarcinoma (HR: 4.66, 95% CI: 1.64−13.24). Tumor characteristics and prognosis of MCATs differed among subtypes. Moreover, we found differences between our data and those from other databases. Further investigations are warranted to explore these differences.
Sustainable Recycling of Perovskite Solar Cells: Green Solvent‐Based Recovery of ITO Substrates
Authors: Kim Sun‐Ju , Jeong Eun‐Ju , Seo Ji‐Youn 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTPerovskite solar cells (PSCs) emerge as a leading next‐generation photovoltaic (PV) technology, with power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) reaching 26.7% for single cells and 36.1% for hybrid tandem cells. As commercialization progresses, the inverted (p–i–n) structure of PSCs gains attention due to its enhanced thermal stability, lower moisture sensitivity, and reduced processing temperatures compared to the conventional (n–i–p) structure. However, sustainability concerns, particularly regarding production costs and end‐of‐life disposal, become increasingly critical. Recycling PSCs provides a viable solution to these challenges by recovering valuable indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates, which significantly impact material costs. Existing recycling methods for conventional PSCs often use toxic solvents like chlorobenzene (CB) and N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF), posing environmental and health risks. This study introduces an eco‐friendly recycling process for ITO‐based inverted PSCs using acetone as a green solvent. The results show that recycled ITO substrates maintain their physical, electrical, and optical properties without significant degradation in PSC performance, even after multiple recycling cycles. This green solvent‐based approach not only preserves device efficiency but also supports future environmental regulations, highlighting its potential in promoting sustainable and cost‐effective PV technologies.
Subtraction CT Improves Detectability of Mandibular Bone Invasion in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Mukaigawa Takashi , Asakura Koiku , Tsuzuki Ayaka , Urikura Atsushi , Yoshida Tsukasa , Goto Seiya , Okada Shinichi , Hiiragi Yohei , Sato Fuyuki 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivePretreatment evaluation of bone invasion in head and neck cancer is critical for treatment strategies. We investigated the usefulness of subtraction CT (SCT) in evaluating mandibular bone invasion in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).MethodsThis retrospective investigation included patients with OSCC who underwent surgery at the Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital between 2018 and 2022. We evaluated tumor invasion of the mandibular bone by interpreting conventional computed tomography (CT), SCT, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and comparing the findings with the pathological examination. Sensitivity and specificity were compared using the McNemar test, whereas Spearman's correlation and Bland–Altman methods were utilized to assess mandibular bone invasion depth.ResultsA total of 71 patients were enrolled. SCT showed significantly higher sensitivity than conventional CT for evaluating mandibular marrow invasion (97.2% vs. 80.6%, p = 0.031). In the evaluation of mandibular canal involvement, SCT showed significantly higher specificity than MRI (95.9% vs. 81.6%, p = 0.016). Furthermore, SCT demonstrated the highest correlation with pathological bone invasion depth (correlation coefficients: CT = 0.933, SCT = 0.950, MRI = 0.908; all p < 0.05).ConclusionThese results suggest that SCT is more effective than conventional imaging for diagnosing mandibular bone invasion and may be a useful modality for the pretreatment diagnosis of head and neck cancer.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 2024
Atopic dermatitis: pathogenesis and therapeutic intervention
Authors: Yue Chengcheng , Zhou Hong , Wang Xiaoyan , Yu Jiadong , Hu Yawen , Zhou Pei , Zhao Fulei , Zeng Fanlian , Li Guolin , Li Ya , Feng Yuting , Sun Xiaochi , Huang Shishi , He Mingxiang , Wu Wenling , Huang Nongyu , Li Jiong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe skin serves as the first protective barrier for nonspecific immunity and encompasses a vast network of skin‐associated immune cells. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent inflammatory skin disease that affects individuals of all ages and races, with a complex pathogenesis intricately linked to genetic, environmental factors, skin barrier dysfunction as well as immune dysfunction. Individuals diagnosed with AD frequently exhibit genetic predispositions, characterized by mutations that impact the structural integrity of the skin barrier. This barrier dysfunction leads to the release of alarmins, activating the type 2 immune pathway and recruiting various immune cells to the skin, where they coordinate cutaneous immune responses. In this review, we summarize experimental models of AD and provide an overview of its pathogenesis and the therapeutic interventions. We focus on elucidating the intricate interplay between the immune system of the skin and the complex regulatory mechanisms, as well as commonly used treatments for AD, aiming to systematically understand the cellular and molecular crosstalk in AD‐affected skin. Our overarching objective is to provide novel insights and inform potential clinical interventions to reduce the incidence and impact of AD.
Incentive Contract, Equity Pooling, and Optimal Securitization Design
Authors: Zhang Yuqian 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper examines the optimal security design and financing structure for investment funds, considering investors with heterogeneous risk preferences. The private equity (PE) fund serves as an information intermediary that plays a crucial role in aligning incentives and facilitating financing activities. To address the potential misalignment between incentive structures and financing requirements, we develop an integrated framework that incorporates both internal moral hazard and external financing decisions. Our analysis demonstrates that optimal equity incentives effectively align the interests of fund manager and PE fund, thereby enhancing fund performance. The results indicate that the optimal financing mechanism comprises a “waterfall” structure consisting of equity, senior bonds, and junior bonds. Furthermore, we find that pooling equity and issuing asset‐backed securities substantially reduce financing costs, although these costs increase with the size of the financing gap. The dual information asymmetry framework offers novel insights into structured financing and corporate growth strategies.
Efficient Solution of Sequences of Parametrized Lyapunov Equations With Applications
Authors: Palitta Davide , Tomljanović Zoran , Nakić Ivica , Saak Jens 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTSequences of parametrized Lyapunov equations can be encountered in many application settings. Moreover, solutions of such equations are often intermediate steps of an overall procedure whose main goal is the computation of , where denotes the solution of a Lyapunov equation and is a given matrix. We are interested in addressing problems where the parameter dependency of the coefficient matrix is encoded as a low‐rank modification to a seed, fixed matrix. We propose two novel numerical procedures that fully exploit such a common structure. The first one builds upon the Sherman‐Morrison‐Woodbury (SMW) formula and recycling Krylov techniques, and it is well‐suited for small dimensional problems as it makes use of dense numerical linear algebra tools. The second algorithm can instead address large‐scale problems by relying on state‐of‐the‐art projection techniques based on the extended Krylov subspace. We test the new algorithms on several problems arising in the study of damped vibrational systems and the analyses of output synchronization problems for multi‐agent systems. Our results show that the algorithms we propose are superior to state‐of‐the‐art techniques as they are able to remarkably speed up the computation of accurate solutions.
Strict Discretization Error Bounds on Quantities of Interest in Transient Dynamics
Authors: Zheng Qisheng , Liu Jike , Chamoin Ludovic , Wang Li 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis work proposes a guaranteed error estimator for linear transient elastodynamics, accounting for both time and space discretization errors. The key lies in the definition of a novel dynamic constitutive relation error formulation, which is proven to be a strict bound of the discretization error. Moreover, based on the established dynamic constitutive relation error and the goal‐oriented error estimation framework, strict upper and lower bounds on quantities of interest are also obtained. Numerical examples are conducted to verify the proposed strict bounds and to explore the application of these bounds to adaptive time stepping and mesh refinement.