bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphological and biochemical responses of Balanites aegyptiaca to drought stress and recovery are provenance‐dependent
Authors: Khamis Galal , Hamada AbdElgawad , Schaarschmidt Frank , Beemster Gerrit T. S. , Asard Han , Papenbrock Jutta 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBalanites aegyptiaca is a drought‐tolerant tree naturally distributed in Africa and has a high potential for biofuel production and livelihood. To understand the plant tolerance to drought stress, B. aegyptiaca plants collected from five provenances were subjected for 4 weeks to drought stress through different regimes of soil volumetric water content (VWC, i.e. 25% control, 15% as moderate and 5% as a severe drought stress) followed by 2‐week recovery. Morpho‐physiological responses as well as the changes in antioxidant defences under water stress and recovery were investigated. Drought stress significantly reduced plant biomass‐related parameters, stomatal conductance, quantum efficiency and increased leaf temperature. Each provenance showed specific patterns of stress response reactions that were detected in a cluster analysis. The large leaf area and a high level of lipid peroxidation in Cairo provenance increased its sensitivity to severe drought. For provenances El‐Kharga and Yemen, the highest tocopherol contents and the highest catalytic activities of ascorbate peroxidase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR) and dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) were recorded. These traits contributed to the high drought tolerance of these two provenances in comparison with the other provenances. All plants recovered from stress and showed specifically increased activity of glutathione‐S‐transferase (GST) as a repair mechanism. Results showed that the drought tolerance level in B. aegyptiaca is provenance‐dependent.
A randomized controlled trial of a guided self‐disclosure intervention to facilitate benefit finding in Chinese breast cancer patients: Study protocol
Authors: Zhang Mao‐Mao , Yang Ya‐Juan , Su Dan , Zhang Ting , Jiang Xiao‐Xiao , Li Hui‐Ping 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAimTo describe a protocol that examines the feasibility and effectiveness of a face‐to‐face guided self‐disclosure intervention for facilitating benefit finding and other related psychological outcomes for breast cancer patients.BackgroundBenefit finding can promote a positive attitude among patients facing disease. However, limited studies have focused on improving benefit finding among breast cancer patients. Previous research has been based on group interventions, which may not suit all patients. Self‐disclosure was recognized as a strong predictor of benefit finding. This protocol is based on a brief face‐to‐face disclosure intervention to improve benefit finding for breast cancer patients.DesignA non‐blinded randomized controlled trial.MethodsA total of 154 patients with breast cancer who have undergone radical mastectomy will be randomly assigned to either the experimental group, which will participate in a six‐session face‐to‐face individual intervention, or the control group at a ratio of 1:1. Baseline assessments will take place after the breast cancer diagnosis, with follow‐up assessments at 3, 6 and 9 months after baseline. The primary outcome is benefit finding; other outcomes are self‐disclosure, cognitive reappraisal, social support, optimism and medical coping modes.DiscussionThis study is to design a protocol for guided self‐disclosure interventions to promote benefit finding in Chinese breast cancer patients. If this intervention is feasible and effective, it could be implemented in clinical practice.ImpactThis study will provide useful advice for health professionals to guide breast cancer patients in benefit finding during stressful events. If it is effective, it will be implemented broadly in clinical practice.
Differential reinforcement of high rates of behaviour to increase work productivity in adults with intellectual disability
Authors: McDuff Emeline , Lanovaz Marc J. , Morin Diane , Vona Mélissa , Kheloufi Yasmine , Giannakakos Antonia R. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundDue to deficits in adaptive and cognitive functioning, productivity may pose challenges for individuals with intellectual disability in the workplace.MethodUsing a changing‐criterion embedded in a multiple baseline across participants design, we examined the effects of differential reinforcement of high rates of behaviour (DRH) on the rate of data entry (i.e., productivity) in four adults with intellectual disability.ResultsAlthough the DRH procedure increased the rate of correct data entry in all four participants, none of the participants achieved the criterion that we set with novice undergraduate students.ConclusionsOur results indicate that DRH is an effective intervention to increase rate of correct responding in individuals with intellectual disability, but that achieving the same productivity as workers without disability may not always be possible.
Identification of an epicardial slow conduction channel using ripple mapping in ablation of postinfarct ventricular tachycardia
Authors: Takamiya Tomomasa , Inaba Osamu , Nitta Junichi , Goya Masahiko 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAn 82‐year‐old man underwent redo catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia (VT) after anterior infarction. A ripple mapping conducting channel (RMCC) was identified within the anterior scar in the left ventricular epicardium during sinus rhythm. Along the RMCC, delayed potentials during sinus rhythm, a good pace map with a long stimulus to the QRS interval, and mid‐diastolic potentials during VT were recorded, and epicardial ablation at this site eliminated the VT. These findings suggested that the RMCC in the epicardial scar served as a critical isthmus of the postinfarct VT, and ablation targeting the RMCC was effective.
FAM83D promotes ovarian cancer progression and its potential application in diagnosis of invasive ovarian cancer
Authors: Zhang Qingyu , Yu Shan , Lok Samson Ian Sam , Wong Alice Sze Tsai , Jiao Yufei , Lee Leo Tsz On 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAlthough invasive epithelial ovarian cancer (IOC) and low malignant potential ovarian tumour (LMP) are similar, they are associated with different outcomes and treatment strategies. The current accuracy in distinguishing these diseases is unsatisfactory, leading to delays or unnecessary treatments. We compared the molecular signature of IOC and LMP cases by analysing their transcriptomic data and re‐clustered them according to these data rather than the pathological dissection. We identified that FAM83D was highly expressed in IOC. To verify the role of FAM83D in the progression and metastasis, we used the isogenic ovarian cancer metastatic models, highly metastatic cells (HM) and non‐metastatic cells (NM). Overexpression of FAM83D significantly promoted cell proliferation, migration and spheroid formation. This was consistent with previous data showing that high FAM83D expression is associated with poor prognosis in cancer patients. Moreover, similar to the HM cells, the FAM83D‐overexpressing NM cells demonstrated stronger phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and c‐Raf. This indicates that the action of FAM83D is mediated by the activation of the EGFR pathway. Taken together, this report suggested that FAM83D might be an excellent molecular marker to discriminate between IOC and LMP.
Model‐based demographic inference of introgression history in European whitefish species pairs'
Authors: Rougeux Clément , Gagnaire Pierre‐Alexandre , Bernatchez Louis 
Published: May 2019

AbstractParallel phenotypic differentiation is generally attributed to parallel adaptive divergence as an evolutionary response to similar environmental contrasts. Such parallelism may actually originate from several evolutionary scenarios ranging from repeated parallel divergence caused by divergent selection to a unique divergence event followed by gene flow. Reconstructing the evolutionary history underlying parallel phenotypic differentiation is thus fundamental to understand the relative contribution of demography and selection on genomic divergence during speciation. In this study, we investigate the divergence history of replicate European whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus), limnetic and benthic species pairs from two lakes in Norway and two lakes in Switzerland. Demographic models accounting for semi‐permeability and linked selection were fitted to the unfolded joint allele frequency spectrum built from genome‐wide SNPs and compared to each other in each species pair. We found strong support for a model of asymmetrical post‐glacial secondary contact between glacial lineages in all four lakes. Moreover, our results suggest that heterogeneous genomic differentiation has been shaped by the joint action of linked selection accelerating lineage sorting during allopatry, and heterogeneous migration eroding divergence at different rates along the genome following secondary contact. Our analyses reveal how the interplay between demography, selection and historical contingency has influenced the levels of diversity observed in previous whitefish phylogeographic studies. This study thus provides new insights into the historical demographic and selective processes that shaped the divergence associated with ecological speciation in European whitefish.
Trade‐offs between life‐history traits in a coldwater fish in the Mediterranean Sea: the case of blue whiting Micromesistius poutassou
Authors: Serrat Alba , Lloret Josep , Frigola‐Tepe Xenia , Muñoz Marta 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA combination of traditional and emerging methodologies was used to assess the trade‐offs between several life‐history traits (linked to reproduction and condition) and parasitism in a commercially‐exploited cold‐water species, blue whiting Micromesistius poutassou, in the Mediterranean Sea. The use of histological and gravimetric methods revealed conflicting evidence as to the fecundity type (indeterminate or determinate) of this species. Moreover, there seem to be condition‐mediated compensations between egg quality and egg quantity. The effects of parasitism on reproduction and condition are species‐specific and occur mainly at high intensities of infection; they include a lower batch fecundity (affecting reproductive potential), a higher hepatosomatic index and a higher spleen‐somatic index. Considering the fact that larger fish spawn more eggs and that the minimum landing size is lower than the size at maturity, these results may have implications for the future management of M. poutassou stocks in the Mediterranean Sea. Local environmental conditions may account for geographical differences regarding infection in M. poutassou. Altogether, the results support the idea that the complex trade‐offs between parasitism, reproduction and condition need to be considered in order to understand the status of cold‐water species such as M. poutassou.
Electrospray coating of minimally processed strawberries and evaluation of the shelf‐life quality properties
Authors: Cakmak Hulya , Kumcuoglu Seher , Tavman Sebnem 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn this study, strawberries were coated with electrospraying and dipping method. Water‐in‐oil (w/o) emulsions were used as coating material, and quality parameters, namely water loss, pH, titratable acidity, color, firmness, total antioxidant activity and phenolic content, microbial load, sensory properties, and microstructure of strawberries were evaluated. Moisture loss of strawberries significantly reduced with coating compared to the control sample; however, the reduction in moisture was similar for dip‐coating and electrospraying methods. The brightness of strawberries decreased with storage, while redness, yellowness, and Chroma values were increased significantly (p < .05). The firmness of control and dip‐coated strawberries decreased significantly, but the firmness of electrospray‐coated samples was comparably higher than control and dip‐coated samples. Sensory properties were not affected from the coating formulation, and samples were found as acceptable at the end of storage. Homogeneous coating of the surface was provided with electrospray coating method. Moreover, the electrospray coating has a potential in edible coating applications for fresh fruits and help to extend their shelf life.Practical ApplicationsElectrospray coating is a novel coating method of producing fine droplets down to submicron sizes from a conductive or semiconductive feeding solution. This method allows obtaining homogeneous surface coatings with small amount of coating material applications. Thus, excessive coating material consumption and drip loss from the coated target is prevented. Besides regarding electrical potential application during electrospraying, the sprayed material adheres well on the surface to be coated, even if the nonconductive or uneven surface structure is present. Hydrophobic coating material application such as oil‐in‐water based emulsions via electrospraying helps to reduce moisture transfer, and fresh‐cut or minimally processed fruit and vegetable quality is improved during storage. Therefore, w/o emulsion‐based coatings were applied with electrospraying method in order to evaluate coating efficiency by means of quality properties of minimally processed strawberries.
Effects of smoking on the association of human leukocyte antigen with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Lee Ho‐Su , Kim Kihyun , Jung Seulgi , Hong Myunghee , Kim Byoung Mok , Yoo Dae‐sung , Moon Jung Won , Baek Jiwon , Hwang Sung Wook , Park Sang Hyoung , Yang Suk‐Kyun , Han Buhm , Song Kyuyoung , Ye Byong Duk 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackground and AimTobacco smoking is a risk factor for gastrointestinal disorders, causing mucosal damage and impairing immune responses. However, smoking has been found to be protective against ulcerative colitis (UC). Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) is a major susceptibility locus for UC, and HLA‐DRB1*15:02 has the strongest effect in Asians. This study investigated the effects of smoking on the association between HLA and UC.MethodsThe study enrolled 882 patients with UC, including 526 never, 151 current, and 205 former smokers, and 3091 healthy controls, including 2124 never, 502 current, and 465 former smokers. Smoking‐stratified analyses of HLA data were performed using a case–control approach.ResultsIn a case–control approach, HLA‐DRB1*15:02 was associated with UC in never smokers (ORnever smokers = 3.20, Pnever smokers = 7.88 × 10−23) but not in current or former smokers (Pcurrent smokers = 0.72 and Pformer smokers = 0.33, respectively). In current smokers, HLA‐DQB1*06 was associated with UC (ORcurrent smokers = 2.59, Pcurrent smokers = 6.39 × 10−12). No variants reached genome‐wide significance in former smokers.ConclusionsAn association between UC and HLA‐DRB1*15:02 was limited to never smokers. Our findings highlight that tobacco smoking modifies the effects of HLA on the risk of UC.
Association of TRAP1 with infliximab‐induced mucosal healing in Crohn's disease
Authors: Park Sang Hyoung , Hong Myunghee , Lee Ho‐Su , Ye Byong Duk , Hwang Sung Wook , Jung Seulgi , Baek Jiwon , Moon Jung Won , Kim Byoung Mok , Oh Seak Hee , Kim Kyung Mo , Lee Inchul , Im Chang‐Nim , Liu Jianjun , McGovern Dermot P B , Yang Suk‐Kyun , Song Kyuyoung 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackground and AimAnti‐tumor necrosis factor (TNF) agents, such as infliximab (IFX), have been increasingly used to induce and maintain disease remission in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). Despite a considerable non‐response rate, little is known about the genetic predictors of response to anti‐TNF therapy in CD. Our aim in this study was to investigate the genetic factors associated with response to anti‐TNF therapy in patients with CD.MethodsWe performed a two‐stage genome‐wide association study (GWAS) to identify loci influencing the response to IFX among Korean patients with CD, comprising 42 good responders with mucosal healing and 70 non‐responders. The achievement of mucosal healing was assessed by endoscopy and imaging. The functional significance of TRAP1 (TNF receptor associated protein 1) was examined using dextran sodium sulfate‐induced colitis model in TRAP1 transgenic mice.ResultsThe GWAS identified rs2158962, an intronic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of TRAP1, significantly associated with mucosal healing (odds ratio = 4.94; Pcombined = 1.35 × 10−7). In the dextran sodium sulfate‐induced acute colitis, TRAP1 transgenic mice showed a better response to IFX than the wild‐type mice.ConclusionsThe TRAP1 gene is associated with mucosal healing in CD patients following IFX therapy. Identifying the genetic predictors of mucosal healing to anti‐TNF therapy can prevent patients from exposure to ineffective therapies.
miR‐873‐5p inhibits the progression of colon cancer via repression of tumor suppressor candidate 3/AKT signaling
Authors: Zhu Yufeng , Zhang Xiaojian , Qi Ming , Zhang Yong , Ding Feng 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackground and AimWe previously discovered that tumor suppressor candidate 3 (TUSC3) was overexpressed and predicted worse prognosis in colon cancer patients. However, the mechanisms of upregulation of TUSC3 in colon cancer remained unclear.MethodsMiR‐873‐5p was predicted and identified as the regulator of TUSC3 via online programs and luciferase reporter assays. The roles of miR‐873‐5p in regulating colon cancer cell proliferation, colony formation, and invasion were evaluated in vitro. Animal studies were performed to investigate the effects of miR‐873‐5p on proliferation and lung metastasis. Moreover, the miR‐873‐5p/TUSC3 related signaling pathway and the prognostic value of combining miR‐873‐5p and TUSC3 for colon cancer patients were also explored.ResultsHere, we identified miR‐873‐5p as a novel regulator of TUSC3 in colon cancer. Functionally, ectopic expression or silencing of miR‐873‐5p, respectively, inhibited or promoted colon cancer cells proliferation, colony formation, and invasion, as well as prevented or enhanced the metastasis of colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.Molecularly, miR‐873‐5p functioned as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting the TUSC3/AKT pathway. Overexpression or silencing of TUSC3 could partially reverse the effects of the overexpression or repression of miR‐873‐5p on colon cancer progression caused by activation of the AKT pathway. Clinically, low miR‐873‐5p expression predicted poor survival in colon cancer patients, especially combined with high TUSC3 expression.ConclusionsWe identified miR‐873‐5p as a tumor suppressor, which acts by directly repressing TUSC3 in colon cancer.
Urinary trypsinogen‐2 level and local complications of acute pancreatitis
Authors: Wu Hsing‐Chien , Wang Hsiu‐Po , Chen Chieh‐Chang , Wu Chien‐Hsien , Liu Ting‐Hsu , Wang Chih‐Hsien , Shih Ling‐Na , Liao Wei‐Chih 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackground and AimLocal complications of acute pancreatitis (AP) carry risks of morbidity/mortality. This study aimed to assess whether urinary trypsinogen‐2 levels and Bedside Index for Severity in Acute Pancreatitis (BISAP) score on admission predicted subsequent local complications.MethodsOne hundred and forty‐four consecutive patients with AP were prospectively followed till 6 months after discharge. Urinary trypsinogen‐2 levels were measured within 24 h of admission. Local complications (acute peripancreatic fluid collection, acute necrotic collection, pseudocyst, and walled‐off necrosis) were diagnosed by abdominal computed tomography. Cut‐off for trypsinogen‐2 level was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve, and predictors of local complications were analyzed by logistic regression.ResultsThirty‐seven (25.7%) patients developed local complications. Urinary trypsinogen‐2 levels were significantly higher in patients with local complications compared with those without local complications (median [interquartile range], 3210 [620–9764.4] μg/L vs 627.3 [72.3–5895] μg/L, P = 0.006). Urinary trypsinogen‐2 significantly outperformed BISAP score in predicting local complications (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.65 [95% CI: 0.55–0.75] vs 0.48 [95% CI: 0.38–0.58], P = 0.005). At the optimal cut‐off of 500 μg/L, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of trypsinogen‐2 level were 78.4%, 45.8%, 33.3%, and 86.0%, respectively. Urinary trypsinogen‐2 level > 500 μg/L was an independent predictor of local complications (adjusted odds ratio, 3.72; 95% CI: 1.42–9.76; P = 0.007). By contrast, BISAP score ≥ 3 and pleural effusion predicted organ failure but not local complications.ConclusionIn a prospective cohort, urinary trypsinogen‐2 level > 500 μg/L independently predicted local complications of AP.
Longitudinal Relationship Between Frailty and Cognition in Patients 50 Years and Older with Breast Cancer
Authors: Magnuson Allison , Lei Lianlian , Gilmore Nikesha , Kleckner Amber S. , Lin Feng V. , Ferguson Robert , Hurria Arti , Wittink Marsha N. , Esparaz Benjamin T. , Giguere Jeffrey K. , Misleh Jamal , Bautista Javier , Mohile Supriya G. , Janelsins Michelle C. 
Published: May 2019

OBJECTIVESTo evaluate relationships between frailty and cognition longitudinally in adults 50 years and older with breast cancer receiving chemotherapy.DESIGNSecondary analysis of a prospective longitudinal observational study.SETTINGUniversity of Rochester NCI Community Oncology Research Program community oncology clinics.PARTICIPANTSPatients with breast cancer age 50 and older receiving adjuvant/neoadjuvant chemotherapy (n = 376) and age‐matched controls without cancer (n = 234).MEASUREMENTSFrailty was assessed using a modified frailty score from self‐reported assessments (weakness, exhaustion, physical activity, and gait speed). Cognition was assessed by patient report (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy‐Cognition [FACT‐Cog]) and objective measures. Frailty and cognition were measured at three time points (prechemotherapy [A1], postchemotherapy [A2], and 6 months postchemotherapy [A3]; similar time interval for controls). Linear regression models evaluated associations between frailty and cognition adjusting for covariates.RESULTSThe average age was 59 years (standard deviation = 6.4 y). At baseline, patients with cancer had a higher mean frailty score (1.21 vs .73; P < .001) and lower mean FACT‐Cog score (158.4 vs 167.3; P < .001) compared with controls. Objective cognitive measures were not statistically different. Longitudinal decline in FACT‐Cog between A1 and A2 (P < .05) and between A1 and A3 (P < .01) was associated with increased frailty score in patients compared with controls. Longitudinal worsening in Controlled Oral Word Association (P < .05) and Trail‐Making Test (P < .01) were associated with an increase in frailty between A1 and A2 in patients compared with controls; longitudinal decline in the Delayed Match to Sample test was associated with an increase in frailty between A1 and A3 (P < .05) in patients compared with controls. This finding remained significant for a subset analysis of those aged 65 and older.CONCLUSIONIn patients with breast cancer aged 50 and older, longitudinal decline in FACT‐Cog and objective measures of attention and memory were associated with increased frailty during treatment and up to 6 months posttreatment. Overall, our study suggests cognition and frailty are both important factors to assess in breast cancer patients. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:928–936, 2019.