bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pathogen killing pathogen: antimicrobial substance from Acinetobacter active against foodborne pathogens
Authors: Conceição Cinara Souza da , Souza Barbara Victor , Vieira Jessica Manya Bittencourt Dias , Nascimento Janaína dos Santos 
Published: June 2018

Introduction: Antimicrobial substances (AMS) produced by bacteria may reduce or prevent the growth of pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms in food. In this study, 16 isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii/calcoaceticus (ABC) complex, previously obtained from reconstituted infant milk formula (IMF) samples and the preparation and distribution utensils from the nursery of a public hospital, were used to screen for AMS production.
Methodology: Antimicrobial substance production and spectrum of activity assays were performed by agar-spot assay. Optimization of growth conditions for AMS production was also evaluated.
Results: Three (17.6%) isolates, namely JE3, JE4, and JE6, produced AMS against the principal indicator strain Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype Typhi ATCC 19214. JE6 was also able to inhibit strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris, and Bacillus cereus, a Gram-positive bacteria. Remarkably, JE6 was able to inhibit all the tested resistant and multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains of the ABC complex and Shigella dysenteriae associated with IMF and utensils, indicating a potentially valuable application. AMS produced by JE6 does not appear to be affected by proteolytic enzymes and the producer strain showed specific immunity to its own AMS.
Conclusion: This study highlights AMS produced by Acinetobacter with applications against MDR spoilage and foodborne pathogens - some of them, infectious disease causing agents - which, to our knowledge, has not been previously described.
Postmodernité et psychanalyse
Authors: Mappa Sophia 
Published: June 2018

À l’instar des autres disciplines des sciences humaines, la psychanalyse subit de plein fouet les mutations anthropologiques des sociétés postmodernes. Comme les autres disciplines, elle est appelée à se redéfinir. En d’autres termes, elle doit quitter sa « splendide isolation » et le repli sur soi et s’ouvrir à la société et aux autres disciplines : la philosophie, l’anthropologie, la sociologie, l’histoire, mais aussi aux pratiques thérapeutiques concurrentes. Ces dernières, souffrant de mêmes problèmes que la psychanalyse, ne sauraient faire l’économie de leur remise en question et de leur ouverture au monde et aux autres disciplines.
Psychanalyse et engagement citoyen : compatibilité ou antagonisme ?
Authors: Pitici Colette 
Published: June 2018

Cet article interroge la « neutralité bienveillante » du psychanalyste face aux formes actuelles de psychopathologie. Ce dernier n’a-t-il pas à s’engager dans un double registre de praticien et de citoyen ? L’auteure s’appuie sur sa clinique auprès de précaires, qui semblent n’avoir d’autres demandes que celles qui touchent à la survie. Au-delà des modes de défenses mis en place, une approche analytique reste à inventer. Une situation clinique est proposée comme paradigmatique de ce débat.
La réparation de Jocaste : l’élément féminin et l’appel à la paix dans les produits culturels
Authors: Liviatan Gili 
Published: June 2018

La psychanalyse a traité des processus psychiques à l’œuvre chez les instigateurs de guerre, mais elle a rarement étudié ses aspects de genre, en dépit du fait que la guerre est manifestement un phénomène de genre. Les théories féministes soulignent les aspects ambivalents de la pensée féminine et la peur du féminin. Cet article examine à travers une perspective de genre la question de Freud « Pourquoi la guerre ? », en relation avec la question « Pourquoi Œdipe ? » formulée par Bollas. Je propose l’idée que la compréhension de la réalité psychique de la guerre et de son empêchement suggère de considérer le modèle œdipien comme une intériorisation des relations de genre dans lesquelles la mère/Jocaste représente la multiplicité, tandis que le père/Laïos représente l’unicité/l’absolu. La prédisposition à la guerre s’explique par une relation œdipienne triangulaire où la femme/mère est intériorisée comme étant soumise au père/homme et le féminin est réduit au silence. Pour argumenter mon propos, j’examine les représentations féminines des produits culturels qui suivent une guerre. Une nouvelle de Brecht et le film d’Adler Bethlehem (2013) montreront la perception de la traîtrise féminine ; le film de Villeneuve Incendies (2010), décrivant la guerre vue par une femme dans un espace patriarcal, fournira une plus large plateforme pour la lecture du mythe œdipien. Je suggère que Villeneuve présente une position éthique, la réparation de Jocaste, en tant que voix représentative du chaos interne et de son endiguement. Dans ce contexte, il se peut que le « Terrifiant » décrit par Fornari (1974) soit en fait ce même chaos intérieur révélé à Œdipe (selon Bollas). Examiner l’appel pour la paix est particulièrement pertinent en Israël, toujours au bord de la guerre. Je soutiens que l’appel à la paix en Israël est perçu comme féminin et j’affirme que la double perception du féminin et les anxiétés qu’il évoque sont pertinentes pour comprendre la difficulté du défi psychologique de la paix, lequel n’est pas moins intimidant que la guerre.
Le mariage chez l’homme et le savant Sigmund Freud (1)
Authors: Kamieniak Jean-Pierre 
Published: June 2018

Si le savant Freud est devenu le champion du travail psychique, n’est-ce pas aussi parce que l’ homme Freud s’engagea corps et âme dans l’austère épreuve du mariage, seul lien autorisant l’accès aux relations sexuelles ? Une lecture de la correspondance et des textes qui lui sont consacrés met en effet en évidence un souci conjugal majeur et constant du couple Freud – la quête d’une méthode contraceptive inoffensive – contraignant le chercheur à user de l’abstinence : une conduite qui, si elle est génératrice de troubles nerveux ainsi qu’il le démontre très tôt dans ses travaux clinico-théoriques, ouvre également la voie à l’élaboration, celle de l’excitation pulsionnelle, qu’il emprunte douloureusement et dont il découvre la complexité.
Londres, New York et la dynamique des places financières internationales, fin xix e -début xxi e siècle
Authors: Cassis Youssef 
Published: June 2018

Cet article analyse les conditions dans lesquelles New York a pris le relais de Londres en tant que centre financier international, mais aussi les rapports entretenus entre ces deux villes et avec les autres grandes places financières d’Europe et plus tard d’Asie, de la fin du xix e au début du xxi e siècle. Les interactions entre places financières, faites de concurrence et de coopération, sont étudiées dans le cadre de leur rôle dans les flux internationaux des capitaux, en tenant compte de la capacité financière des grandes puissances, de l’architecture financière des principales places et du contexte politique et économique international.
La Banque de Tokyo, 1947-1995 : des logiques impériales et internationales aux stratégies globales
Authors: Yago Kazuhiko 
Published: June 2018

Cet article vise à retracer l’évolution de la Banque de Tokyo, une banque japonaise spécialisée dans les échanges extérieurs. Fondée à la suite de la dissolution de la Yokohama Specie Bank (1880-1947), une grande banque internationale de l’Empire nippon, la Banque de Tokyo fusionne avec la Banque Mitsubishi en 1996 pour devenir la Banque de Tokyo-Mitsubishi, aujourd’hui la Banque de Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, l’une des plus importantes banques commerciales dans le monde. Née après la chute de l’Empire nippon, prospère sous le régime de Bretton Woods et réorganisée lors de la crise financière globale, la Banque de Tokyo incarne la transformation de la stratégie bancaire japonaise contemporaine. L’article postule une continuité entre les « logiques impériales » et les « stratégies globales », en se focalisant sur les dimensions organisationnelles et microstratégiques plutôt que sur les dimensions politiques ou macroéconomiques.
Cimetières et rites funéraires juifs dans l’Est de la France du Moyen Âge à nos jours
Authors: Decomps Claire 
Published: June 2018

De tradition ashkénaze, l’Alsace et la Lorraine concentrent aujourd’hui près de cent quarante cimetières juifs, aux traits très spécifiques, d’autant que trois départements annexés par l’Allemagne entre 1871 et 1919 n’ont pas été touchés par les grandes lois laïques de la IIIe République. Représentant les trois quarts des juifs de France lors de la Révolution mais considérés jusque-là comme une nation « étrangère », leurs cimetières témoignent après l’émancipation d’un effort de concilier particularismes religieux et intégration au modèle national. Ce franco-judaïsme est remis en cause au xxe siècle par l’arrivée de nombreux juifs étrangers, puis par la Shoah.
Sépulture et appartenances : les pratiques funéraires dans les familles immigrées d’origine maghrébine en question
Authors: Cuzol Valérie 
Published: June 2018

L’article interroge les pratiques funéraires d’immigrés maghrébins et de leurs descendants à partir d’une enquête menée à Chalon-sur-Saône. Il s’agit de mesurer la force des « prérogatives mortuaires » du (ou des) groupe(s) d’appartenance dans le choix du lieu d’inhumation alors que, dans le même temps, ce choix semble de plus en plus répondre à des motivations personnelles et familiales. Comment peut-il être un indicateur de l’individuation des projets funéraires alors que le rapatriement de la dépouille mortelle demeure la norme ? À moins qu’il ne soit le symptôme de quelque chose de plus complexe et nous éclaire sur les enjeux sociopolitiques et identitaires du mourir pour les familles immigrées de confession musulmane ?
Hypertriglyceridaemia and the risk of pancreatitis six months post lopinavir/ritonavir initiation
Authors: Greffrath Wilhelm P. , Du Plessis Jesslee M. , Viljoen Michelle , Cockeran Marike 
Published: June 2018

Background: Hypertriglyceridaemia (HTG) is an important risk factor for pancreatitis and cardiovascular disease (CVD), depending on severity. Hypertriglyceridaemia is common in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and is also a common complication of lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r).Objectives: To evaluate the risk of pancreatitis associated with HTG in patients six months post initiation of LPV/r-based therapy in a regional public hospital.Methods: Triglyceride (TG), serum amylase (s-amylase) and CD4+ count values were retrospectively investigated six months post LPV/r-based initiation. Age, gender, previous antiretroviral regimen and period since HIV diagnosis were also recorded.Results: The final sample consisted of 194 patients, 50 males and 144 females; mean (± standard deviation [s.d.]) age was 39.52 (± 9.98) years, and the mean (± s.d.) period since HIV diagnosis was 91.32 (± 25.18) months. Normal TG levels (< 1.70 mmol/L) were detected in only 55% of patients and the rest presented with some degree of HTG. The mean (± s.d.) TG for the entire sample was elevated at 1.94 (± 1.30) mmol/L with the mean (± s.d.) of the males at 2.36 (± 1.74) – statistically higher compared to the females at 1.79 (± 1.08) mmol/L (p = 0.034). No cases of pancreatitis were recorded and the time since HIV diagnosis did not indicate any statistically significant differences in the means of the TG, serum amylase or CD4 count values.Conclusion: Triglyceride levels were not substantially elevated to induce pancreatitis at six months post initiation of LPV/r, but were elevated above the accepted upper normal limit of 1.70 mmol/L which may have implications for cardiovascular risk.
Psychosocial and behavioural interventions towards HIV risk reduction for serodiscordant couples in Africa: A systematic review
Authors: Mashaphu Sibongile , Burns Jonathan K. , Wyatt Gail E. , Vawda Naseema B. 
Published: June 2018

Background: Sexual transmission of HIV frequently occurs in the context of a primary relationship between two partners; however, HIV prevention interventions generally focus on individuals at risk, rather than specifying couples as a unit of change and analysis, neglecting the crucial role that partners may play in sexual behaviour. This article reviews published scientific literature addressing couple-oriented HIV counselling and testing and other behavioural interventions using an online search for peer-reviewed papers.Methods: A systematic review was conducted to evaluate what has been published on psychosocial interventions in HIV serodiscordant couples in Africa. Electronic databases were searched from January 1990 to December 2015. Quality assessment of included studies was conducted using the Systematic Appraisal of Quality in Observational Research tool.Results: The electronic database searches initially retrieved 493 records; after cross-referencing, removing duplicates and applying strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, only eight papers were included in this review. All the studies under review showed that couples-focused counselling and educational programmes were associated with positive outcomes including reduced HIV transmission, reduced unprotected sex, increased rates of status disclosure and high levels of treatment adherence.Conclusions: The literature on interventions for HIV serodiscordant couples is sparse. However, most interventions indicate that couples-focused interventions are effective in HIV risk reduction. In spite of the limited available data and repeated recommendations by different health authorities, couple-centred approaches to HIV prevention have not been implemented on a large scale.
From Uganda to Baltimore to Alexandra Township: How far can Ainsworth’s theory stretch?
Authors: Dawson Nicola K. 
Published: June 2018

Introduction: After extensive observation of mother-infant dyads in two diverse contexts, Ainsworth developed the construct of maternal sensitivity to explain the nature of mother-infant interactions that lead to infant attachment security. She believed this construct to be universally applicable. Since Ainsworth’s publications, her theory has been adapted and extended, particularly by theorists working in North American and Western European countries. These developments have been largely uninterrogated in relation to their universal cultural relevance, despite the fact that parenting practices differ greatly across cultural groups. Those who have begun to interrogate the cultural universality of current conceptualisation of maternal sensitivity highlight important areas of cultural disagreement.Method: This article provides a critical theoretical argument regarding the cultural universality of maternal sensitivity, extending comment to the cultural and contextual relevance of developments in its operationalisation.Results: Particular aspects of current theoretical and operational use of the construct of maternal sensitivity that are potentially culturally specific (as opposed to culturally universal) are noted, namely the inclusion of positive affect, the centrality of parent-infant play, verbal responsiveness, the inclusion of learning in parent-infant interactions and the shift towards a more proactive (rather than reactive) role for the parent in parent-infant interactions.Conclusion: This article suggests that the evolution of the concept of maternal sensitivity has failed to account for cultural differences.
Modelling the ability of source control measures to reduce inundation risk in a community-scale urban drainage system
Authors: Mei Chao , Liu Jiahong , Wang Hao , Shao Weiwei , Xia Lin , Xiang Chenyao , Zhou Jinjun 
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Urban inundation is a serious challenge that increasingly
confronts the residents of many cities, as well as policymakers, in the
context of rapid urbanization and climate change worldwide. In recent years,
source control measures (SCMs) such as green roofs, permeable pavements,
rain gardens, and vegetative swales have been implemented to address flood
inundation in urban settings, and proven to be cost-effective and
sustainable. In order to investigate the ability of SCMs on reducing
inundation in a community-scale urban drainage system, a dynamic
rainfall-runoff model of a community-scale urban drainage system was
developed based on SWMM. SCMs implementing scenarios were modelled under six
design rainstorm events with return period ranging from 2 to 100 years, and
inundation risks of the drainage system were evaluated before and after the
proposed implementation of SCMs, with a risk-evaluation method based on SWMM
and analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Results show that, SCMs implementation
resulting in significantly reduction of hydrological indexes that related to
inundation risks, range of reduction rates of average flow, peak flow, and
total flooded volume of the drainage system were 28.1–72.1, 19.0–69.2,
and 33.9–56.0 %, respectively, under six rainfall events with return periods
ranging from 2 to 100 years. Corresponding, the inundation risks of the
drainage system were significantly reduced after SCMs implementation, the
risk values falling below 0.2 when the rainfall return period was less than
10 years. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of SCMs on mitigating
inundation, and quantified the potential of SCMs on reducing inundation
risks in the urban drainage system, which provided scientific references for
implementing SCMs for inundation control of the study area.
Analysis of Spring Flow Change in the Jinan City under Influences of Recent Human Activities
Authors: Liu Xiaomeng , Hu Litang , Sun Kangning 
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Jinan city, the capital of Shandong Province in China, is famous for its
beautiful springs. With the rapid development of the economy in recent years,
water demand in Jinan city has been increasing rapidly. The over-exploitation
of groundwater has caused a decline in groundwater level and, notably, dried
up springs under extreme climate conditions. To keep the springs gushing
perennially and sustainably use groundwater resources, the local government
has implemented many measures to restore the water table, such as the Sponge
City Construction Project in Jinan. Focusing on changes in spring flow and
its impact factors in Jinan, this paper analyzes the changes in observed
spring flow in the most recent 50 years and then discusses the causes of
decreases in the spring flow with the consideration of climate and human
activities. Spring flow in the study area was changed from the natural state
to a period of multiwater source management. The artificial neural network
(ANN) model was developed to demonstrate the relationship among spring flow,
precipitation, and groundwater abstraction to predict the variations of
spring flow under the conditions of climate change and human activities. The
good agreement between the simulated and observed results indicates that both
precipitation and exploitation are important influence factors. However the
effective infiltration of precipitation into groundwater is the most
influential factor. The results can provide guidance for groundwater resource
protection in the Jinan spring catchment.
Guidelines for rainwater harvesting system design and assessment for the city of Johannesburg, South Africa
Authors: Ndiritu John , Ilemobade Adesola , Kagoda Paulo 
Published: June 2018

Abstract. As water demand increases rainwater harvesting (RWH) systems are increasingly
being installed for water supply but comprehensive hydrologic design
guidelines for RWH do not exist in many parts of the world. The objective of
this study was to develop guidelines for the hydrologic design and assessment
of rainwater harvesting (RWH) systems in the City of Johannesburg, South
Africa. The data for developing the guidelines were mainly obtained from
multiple daily simulations of potential RWH systems in the city. The
simulations used daily rainfall from 8 stations and demands based on the
probable non-potable uses of RWH systems – toilet flushing, air conditioning
and irrigation. The guidelines were confined to systems that would typically
fill up in the wet season and empty towards the end of the dry season of the
same year. Therefore, supply-to-demand ratios ranging from 0.1 to 0.9 were
applied. Two generalized design charts of dimensionless relationships were
developed. One relates the yield ratio with supply-to-demand ratio and
reliability while the other relates the yield ratio with the
storage-to-demand ratio and reliability. Reliability was defined as the
probability of exceedance of annual yield in order to incorporate the large
inter-annual variability of rainfall experienced in the region. The analyses
and design of an example RWH system is used to illustrate the application of
the design charts.
Village-level supply reliability of surface water irrigation in rural China: effects of climate change
Authors: Li Yanrong , Wang Jinxia 
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Surface water, as the largest part of water resources, plays an
important role on China's agricultural production and food security. And
surface water is vulnerable to climate change. This paper aims to examine the
status of the supply reliability of surface water irrigation, and discusses
how it is affected by climate change in rural China. The field data we used
in this study was collected from a nine-province field survey during 2012 and
2013. Climate data are offered by China's National Meteorological Information
Center which contains temperature and precipitation in the past 30 years. A
Tobit model (or censored regression model) was used to estimate the influence
of climate change on supply reliability of surface water irrigation. Descriptive results showed that, surface water supply reliability was
74 % in the past 3 years. Econometric results revealed that climate
variables significantly influenced the supply reliability of surface water
irrigation. Specifically, temperature is negatively related with the supply
reliability of surface water irrigation; but precipitation positively
influences the supply reliability of surface water irrigation. Besides,
climate influence differs by seasons. In a word, this paper improves our
understanding of the impact of climate change on agriculture irrigation and
water supply reliability in the micro scale, and provides a scientific basis
for relevant policy making.
n. 8 - DIRETORES DAS ESCOLAS ESTADUAIS DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL: UM RETRATO POSSÍVEL
Authors: Massena Juliana Hass , Luce Maria Beatriz 
Published: June 2018

Este artigo põe foco nos diretores das escolas estaduais do Rio Grande do Sul, apresentando uma síntese dos dados examinados na pesquisa “Gestão Escolar Democrática: elementos para uma política de desenvolvimento profissional para os diretores da rede estadual do Rio Grande do Sul”, que investigou a formação, as condições de trabalho e as práticas de gestão democrática com o objetivo de contribuir com elementos que possam subsidiar a concepção de uma política de desenvolvimento profissional para a gestão escolar democrática. A pesquisa, de cunho exploratório, teve como principal fonte empírica as respostas dadas pelos diretores da rede estadual gaúcha às questões do Questionário do Diretor, por ocasião da aplicação das provas do Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica (SAEB), em 2015. Os dados consignados pelos próprios os diretores da rede estadual gaúcha possibilitam um retrato multidimensional deste grupo profissional e mostram que os preceitos legais referentes à gestão democrática das escolas estão sendo atendidos. Revela-se uma configuração francamente favorável de características sociodemográficas, formação e experiência profissional, bem como de aspectos vinculados à gestão e às condições de trabalho, em relativo desalinho com noções apontadas pela crítica às escolas públicas e seus profissionais assim como com algumas alegações do magistério em suas reivindicações. Tal constatação nos remete à importância de futuras pesquisas, qualitativas e aprofundadas, para discutir com os diretores e suas comunidades escolares concepções e práticas de gestão democrática.