bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tunable triple‐shape memory composite fabricated by selective crosslinking of polycaprolactone/poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate)/bentonite
Authors: Wu Xianyou , fu Chao , Tan Zhongyang , Gao Yixing , Ma Antong , Nie Wei , Ran Xianghai 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTIn this work, we fabricated a triple‐shape memory polymeric composite (TSMPc) by electron beam irradiation of ε‐polycaprolactone (ε‐PCL)/poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT)/bentonite(50/50/4) (wt %). The 95 ± 5 kGy was confirmed to be the saturated irradiation dose by both high‐temperature storage modulus and the equilibrated relaxation modulus at nonlinear elastic region. Further results demonstrated that sample exposed to 41.4 kGy exhibited excellent triple‐shape memory effect (TSME) though there existed slight plastic flow in PBAT. The two fixity ratios and total recovery ratio can be as high as 99.9, 98.3, and 94.7%. Besides, the strength of irradiated PBAT was improved because of the synergistic mechanical coupling effect from PCL and bentonite. In the meantime, this synergistic effect also improved the integral TSME and the stability of all shapes. Eventually, we made a comparison among the controllable factors, the crosslinking density and amount of deformation ΔεB → C were believed to have more influences on the stability of temporary shapes and the recovery behavior during the shape memory cycle “A → B → C → Br → Ar.” © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48577.
Preparation, structure, and properties of poly(ethyleneoxide)/lignin composites used for UV absorption
Authors: Wu Ruguang , Wang Shiwei , Leng Yuting , Li Qian 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTA composite of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and lignin (Lg) was prepared and characterized for its utility as an ultraviolet (UV) absorbing material. Due to the extensive UV absorption and excellent oxidation‐resistance of Lg, the formation of hydrogen bonds between the Lg particles and the PEO molecular segments renders the Lg particles well‐dispersed in the PEO matrix. PEO/Lg composites with different Lg contents show that high levels of Lg could cause defects at the PEO/Lg composite interface. The viscosities of all composites were higher than that of pure PEO. Composite foams were further prepared under supercritical carbon dioxide conditions, all of which exhibited excellent UV‐absorption properties. This work provides a means toward convenient preparation of PEO composites with UV‐absorption ability and forms a theoretical basis for the dispersion of Lg in polymer matrices. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48593.
Molecular characterization and functional analysis of the vitellogenin receptor in the rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis
Authors: Miao Li‐Jun , Zhang Nan , Jiang Heng , Dong Fan , Yang Xue‐Mei , Xu Xin , Qian Kun , Meng Xiang‐Kun , Wang Jian‐Jun 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAs a member of the low‐density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) superfamily, vitellogenin (Vg) receptor (VgR) is responsible for the uptake of Vg into developing oocytes and is a potential target for pest control. Here, a full‐length VgR complementary DNA (named as CsVgR) was isolated and characterized in the rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis. The composite CsVgR gene contained an open reading frame of 5,484 bp encoding a protein of 1,827 amino acid residues. Structural analysis revealed that CsVgR contained two ligand‐binding domains (LBDs) with four Class A (LDLRA) repeats in LBD1 and seven in LBD2, which was structurally different from most non‐Lepidopteran insect VgRs having five repeats in LBD1 and eight in LBD2. The developmental expression analysis showed that CsVgR messenger RNA expression was first detectable in 3‐day‐old pupae, sharply increased in newly emerged female adults, and reached a peak in 2‐day‐old female adults. Consistent with most other insects VgRs, CsVgR was exclusively expressed in the ovary. Notably, injection of dsCsVgR into late pupae resulted in fewer follicles in the ovarioles as well as reduced fecundity, suggesting a critical role of CsVgR in female reproduction. These results may contribute to the development of RNA interference‐mediated disruption of reproduction as a control strategy of C. suppressalis.
On provenance studies of New Zealand obsidians: A pXRF‐based geochemical reference dataset and a review of analytical methods
Authors: MCALISTER ANDREW 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTSince the introduction of portable X‐ray fluorescence (pXRF) technology to obsidian provenance research, the volume of published studies has increased exponentially. This proliferation of data creates unprecedented analytic opportunities for the development of higher level archaeological theory but, at the same time, presents methodological challenges. Here, it is argued that rigorous analytic procedures are required to keep pXRF‐based provenance studies in line with the best scientific practice; specifically, the generation of accurate compositional data, the compilation of comprehensive reference databases for robust source characterisation and the development of appropriate methods for artefact assignment are essential components of a reliable protocol. To these ends, a reference dataset for New Zealand obsidians containing over 1500 samples is reported in this paper, previous source assignment methods are reviewed and a selection of multivariate approaches are evaluated.
New online database of symbiotic variables: Symbiotics in X‐rays
Authors: Merc J. , Gális R. , Wolf M. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSymbiotic variable stars belong to an interesting class of interacting binary systems. Since the beginning of this century, the systematic search for these objects has begun, and such surveys have led to discoveries of many new objects and dozens of candidates in the Milky Way and the Local Group. As the latest catalogue of symbiotic binaries is almost two decades old, we decided to prepare a new, online database of the galactic and extragalactic symbiotic systems. These objects are also known for their X‐ray emission. For the purpose of this work, we have prepared a census of symbiotic binaries and their properties based on observations obtained by X‐ray satellites in the previous decades. As our review has shown, the X‐ray emission seems to be a common feature of symbiotic systems, preferentially detected from nearby sources.
Looking for fast optical bursts from FRB121102: Case study for a small telescopes with sub‐second temporal resolution
Authors: Karpov Sergey , Jelinek Martin , Štrobl Jan 
Published: October 2019

To assess the potential of small telescopes for high temporal resolution astrophysics, we observed the field of FRB 121102 repeating source of fast radio bursts (FRBs) on a 50‐cm D50 telescope of Ondřejov observatory, equipped with a fast frame rate electron‐multiplying charge coupling device (EMCCD) detector. In three nights of observations, we did not detect any optical flares from the source, which allows us to place an upper limit of 10 mJy for brightness of possible fast optical events on a time scale of 10 ms. We also characterize the apparent brightness stability of field stars on the same time scale in order to investigate the potential of such telescopes for detecting faint optical variability on a subsecond time scale.
Prinz‐Eugen‐Park, München – facettenreicher Brandschutz in Deutschlands größter Holzbausiedlung
Authors: Merk Michael , Suttner Elisabeth 
Published: October 2019

AbstractVon der Stadt München wurden im südlichen Teil des Neubaugebiets des Prinz‐Eugen‐Parks mehrere Baufelder als zusammenhängende ökologische Mustersiedlung ausgezeichnet. Hier entstehen rund 570 Wohnungen bzw. Nutzungseinheiten in Holzbauweise, um den Holzbau innerstädtisch zu etablieren und eine moderne nachhaltige Stadtentwicklung zu forcieren.Zur Vorbereitung dieses Bauprojekts wurde seitens der Stadt München ein von der Deutschen Bundesstiftung Umwelt gefördertes Forschungsprojekt in Auftrag gegeben, welches planerische Grundlagen und Zielvorgaben schaffen sollte. Durch die Ruhr‐Universität Bochum und die Technische Universität München wurden u. a. Lösungsmöglichkeiten für die zu erwartenden, aus der Holzbauweise resultierenden bauordnungsrechtlichen Abweichungen erarbeitet und mit der lokalen Brandschutzdienststelle abgestimmt.Durch das Ingenieurbüro Fire & Timber .Ing GmbH wurde für drei Baufelder die vollständige brandschutztechnische Ingenieurleistung (brandschutztechnische Entwurfs‐, Genehmigungs‐ und Ausführungsplanung sowie Fachbauleitung Brandschutz) übernommen. Zusätzlich wurde für ein weiteres Baufeld eine gutachterliche Beurteilung zur Ausführung der brennbaren Fassadenkonstruktion durchgeführt.In dem nachfolgenden Aufsatz wird auf die verschiedenen eingesetzten Bauweisen mit Blick auf die zugehörigen brandschutztechnischen Anforderungen und Maßnahmen bezüglich der Verwendung von Holz und Holzwerkstoffen eingegangen.
Unraveling and resolving inefficient glucolipid biosurfactants production through quantitative multiomics analyses of Starmerella bombicola strains
Authors: Lodens Sofie , Roelants Sophie L.K.W. , Ciesielska Katarzyna , Geys Robin , Derynck Evelien , Maes Karolien , Pattyn Filip , Van Renterghem Lisa , Mottet Léopold , Dierickx Sven , Vanhaecke Lynn , Devreese Bart , De Maeseneire Sofie L. , Soetaert Wim 
Published: October 2019

AbstractGlucolipids (GLs) are glycolipid biosurfactants with promising properties. These GLs are composed of glucose attached to a hydroxy fatty acid through a ω and/or ω‐1 glycosidic linkage. Up until today these interesting molecules could only be produced using an engineered Starmerella bombicola strain (∆ugtB1::URA3 G9) producing GLs instead of sophorolipids, albeit with a very low average productivity (0.01 g·L−1·h−1). In this study, we investigated the reason(s) for this via reverse‐transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Liquid chromatography‐multireaction monitoring‐mass spectrometry. We found that all glycolipid biosynthetic genes and enzymes were downregulated in the ∆ugtB1 G9 strain in comparison to the wild type. The underlying reason for this downregulation was further investigated by performing quantitative metabolome comparison of the ∆ugtB1 G9 strain with the wild type and two other engineered strains also tinkered in their glycolipid biosynthetic gene cluster. This analysis revealed a clear distortion of the entire metabolism of the ∆ugtB1 G9 strain compared to all the other strains. Because the parental strain of the former was a spontaneous ∆ura3 mutant potentially containing other “hidden” mutations, a new GL production strain was generated based on a rationally engineered ∆ura3 mutant (PT36). Indeed, a 50‐fold GL productivity increase (0.51 g·L−1·h−1) was obtained with the new ∆ugtB1::URA3 PT36 strain compared with the G9‐based strain (0.01 g·L−1·h−1) in a 10 L bioreactor experiment, yielding 118 g/L GLs instead of 8.39 g/L. Purification was investigated and basic properties of the purified GLs were determined. This study forms the base for further development and optimization of S. bombicola as a production platform strain for (new) biochemicals
TecDIY—Motivation methodology for the practical laboratories preparation and exams of electronics subject
Authors: Rodriguez‐Sanchez M. C. , Yahyaoui Imene , Arredondo B. , Martin D. , Vaquero J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis proposal is concerned with a new methodology named Tecnology and Electronics—Do It Yourself (TECDIY) with the aim to motivate students of the first course of systems and multimedia engineering grade to prepare the practical laboratories and the exams of Physics and Electronics subject. The methodology consists in integrating projects‐based learning (‐) and the motivation for the practical laboratories and exams using preprepared videos, models adaptation of the theory, exercises, and problems preparation Gymkana. In addition, TECDIY methodology is supported by an attendance registration system, which allows the students assistance to class to be verified and controlled. The study is performed by comparing indicators, namely the predelivery of the laboratories theoretic calculations, the problems delivery, and assistance to class, performed in three academic years (2013–2014, 2014–2015, and 2015–2016). The results of applying this method demonstrate a significant increase of these indicators, which means the efficiency of TECDIY method in motivating the students to prepare the exam and the practical laboratories.
Injectable Ovalbumin‐Based Composite Implant for Photothermal Tumor Therapy
Authors: Zhang Jing , An Xiao , Zheng Yuting , Chen Yongkang , Wu Chenyao , Wang Shige 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPolymeric hydrogels with three‐dimensional network structures have found tremendous applications in biomedicine. Herein, we report the synthesis of a multifunctional implant based on ovalbumin (OVA) as a carrier capable of synergistically delivering a photothermal transducing agent (polydopamine, PDA) to tumors. The formation of PDA was achieved by utilizing the basicity of OVA, whereas the formation of the hydrogel implant was achieved through the in vitro/in vivo near‐infrared (NIR) laser‐induced hyperthermia of PDA. The as‐prepared PDA@OVA implant exhibits high photothermal conversion efficiency (38.7 %). Once implanted in vivo, the OVA‐based implant shows great versatility in the treatment of malignant tumors. Furthermore, a chemotherapeutic (doxorubicin, DOX) and a contrast agent (iohexol), dispersed in the OVA solution in advance, can also be firmly entrapped in the hydrogel along with the hydrogel formation. It is anticipated that the multifunctional OVA‐based implant, not showing any obvious toxicity to healthy tissue, could be a promising system for synergistic cancer treatment.
Poly(2‐oxazoline)s with a 2,2′‐Iminodiacetate End Group Inhibit and Stabilize Laccase
Authors: Hijazi Montasser , Türkmen Esra , Tiller Joerg C. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPoly(2‐oxazoline)s (POxs) with 2,2′‐iminodiacetate (IDA) end groups were investigated as inhibitors for laccase. The polymers with the IDA end groups are reversible, competitive inhibitors for this enzyme. The IC50 values were found to be in a range of 1–3 mm. Compared with IDA alone, the activity was increased by a factor of more than 30; thus indicating that attaching a polymer chain to an inhibitor can already improve the activity of the former. The enzyme activity drops to practically zero upon increasing the concentration of the most active telechelic inhibitor, IDA‐PEtOx30‐IDA (PEtOx: poly(2‐ethyl‐2‐oxazoline)), from 5 to 8 mm. This unusual behavior was investigated by means of dynamic light scattering, which showed specific aggregation above 5 mm. Furthermore, the laccase could be stabilized in the presence of POx‐IDA, upon addition at a concentration of 20 mm and higher. Whereas laccase becomes completely inactive at room temperature after one week, the stabilized laccase is fully active for at least a month in aqueous solution.
Solid‐State 13C NMR Evidence for Long Multicenter Intradimer Bonding in Zwitterion‐like Structures
Authors: Elliott Alexander B. , Versfeld Geraldine , Halling Merrill D. , Miller Joel S. , Harper James K. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe principal values of the 13C chemical shift tensor for the β and δ polymorphs of π‐[TTF⋅⋅⋅TCNE] (TTF=tetrathiafulvalene; TCNE=tetracyanoethylene) have been analyzed to understand the abnormally long intra‐dimer bonding of singlet π‐[TTFδ+⋅⋅⋅TCNEδ−]. These structures possess 12 intradimer contacts <3.40 Å, with the shortest intra π‐[TTF⋅⋅⋅TCNE] separations involving 2‐center (2c) C−S and 3c C−C−C orbital overlap contributions between the [TTF]δ+ and [TCNE]δ−. This solid‐state NMR study compares the [TTF⋅⋅⋅TCNE] 13C tensor data against previously reported π‐[TTF]22+ and π‐[TCNE]22− homo‐dimers to determine how the tensor principal values change as a function of electronic structure for both TTF and TCNE moieties. In the β and δ phases of [TTF⋅⋅⋅TCNE], the TCNE ethylenic 13C shift tensors predict TCNE oxidation states of −0.46 and −0.73, respectively. The TTF sites are less similar to benchmark 13C data with the β‐phase differing primarily in the ethylenic π‐electrons. The δ form differs significantly from the homo‐dimer data at all principal values at both the ethylenic and CH sites, indicating changes to both the π‐electrons and σ‐bonds. In both hetero‐dimer phases, the NMR changes supports long bond formation at nitrile and CH sites not observed in homo‐dimers.
Rationalization of the Superior Anticancer Activity of Phenanthriplatin: An In‐Depth Computational Exploration
Authors: Dabbish Eslam , Russo Nino , Sicilia Emilia 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn the effort to overcome issues of toxicity and resistance inherent to treatment by the approved platinum anticancer agents, a large number of cisplatin variants continues today to be prepared and tested. One of the applied strategies is to use monofunctional platinum complexes that, unlike traditional bifunctional compounds, are able to form only a single covalent bond with nuclear DNA. Chirality, aquation reaction, interaction with guanine and N‐acetyl methionine as well as, intercalation into, binding to and distortion of DNA have been investigated by using both quantum mechanical DFT and molecular dynamics computations aiming at contributing to the elucidation of the molecular mechanism underlying the significantly enhanced spectrum of activity of the monofunctional PtII drug phenanthriplatin. Analogous calculations have been performed in parallel for other two less potent monofunctional PtII drugs, pyriplatin and enpyriplatin, which show very different cytotoxic effects.
Defining the Scope of the Acid‐Catalyzed Glycosidation of Glycosyl Bromides
Authors: Singh Yashapal , Demchenko Alexei V. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractFollowing the recent discovery that traditional silver(I) oxide‐promoted glycosidations of glycosyl bromides (Koenigs–Knorr reaction) can be greatly accelerated in the presence of catalytic TMSOTf, reported herein is a dedicated study of all major aspects of this reaction. A thorough investigation of numerous silver salts and careful refinement of the reaction conditions led to an improved mechanistic understanding. This, in turn, led to a significant reduction in the amount of silver salt required for these glycosylations. The progress of this reaction can be monitored by naked eye, and the completion of the reaction can be judged by the disappearance of characteristic dark color of Ag2O. Further evidence on higher reactivity of benzoylated α‐bromides in comparison to that of their benzylated counterparts has been acquired.
Turning it inside out: The organization of human septin heterooligomers
Authors: McMurray Michael A. , Thorner Jeremy 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSeptin family proteins are quite similar to each other both within and between eukaryotic species. Typically, multiple discrete septins co‐assemble into linear heterooligomers (usually hexameric or octameric rods) with a variety of cellular functions. We know little about how incorporation of different septins confers different properties to such complexes. This issue is especially acute in human cells where 13 separate septin gene products (often produced in multiple forms arising from alternative start codons and differential splicing) are expressed in a tissue‐specific manner. Based on sequence alignments and phylogenetic criteria, human septins fall into four distinct groups predictive of their interactions, that is, members of the same group appear to occupy the same position within oligomeric septin protomers, which are “palindromic” (have twofold rotational symmetry about a central homodimeric pair). Many such protomers are capable of end‐to‐end polymerization, generating filaments. Over a decade ago, a study using X‐ray crystallography and single‐particle electron microscopy deduced the arrangement within recombinant heterohexamers comprising representatives of three human septin groups—SEPT2, SEPT6, and SEPT7. This model greatly influenced subsequent studies of human and other septin complexes, including how incorporating a septin from a fourth group forms heterooctamers, as first observed in budding yeast. Two recent studies, including one in this issue ofCytoskeleton, provide clear evidence that, in fact, the organization of subunits within human septin heterohexamers and heterooctamers is inverted relative to the original model. These findings are discussed here in a broader context, including possible causes for the initial confusion.
Metal‐Organic Framework‐Templated Hollow Co3O4/C with Controllable Oxygen Vacancies for Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Wu Yuhang , Chen Hongxu , Wang Jiawen , Liu Huajian , Lv Enjun , Zhu Zhenwang , Gao Junkuo , Yao Juming 
Published: October 2019

AbstractHydrogen production from water splitting is one of the effective methods to solve energy and environmental problems. However, the large overpotential of oxygen evolution reactions (OER) seriously impedes their development and application. Therefore, it is crucial to find a catalyst with low cost and high stability for OER. Herein, we report a simple method to fabricate a series of porous catalysts encapsulated with Co3O4 nanoparticles by carbonizing and then oxidizing MOF precursors, which can regulate and produce a large number of oxygen vacancies. The overpotentials of Z67‐Co3O4/C‐4 and Z9‐Co3O4/C‐4 are only 353 and 349 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 with a small Tafel slope of 60 and 67 mV dec−1, respectively. These excellent properties can be attributed to the graphite carbon and unique hollow structure, as well as more water molecules adsorbed by oxygen vacancies, which effectively improve the conductivity and electron transfer and further promote OER activity. Thus, this preparation strategy can be applied to various MOF catalysts to regulate oxygen vacancies and thereby expanding their application in a wider range of fields.
A Probe of Valence and Conduction Band Electronic Structure of Lead Oxide Films for Photodetectors
Authors: Qamar Amir , Amin Muhammad Ruhul , Grynko Oleksandr , Semeniuk Oleksii , Reznik Alla , Moewes Alexander 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe investigate how the electronic structure of amorphous lead oxide (a‐PbO) films deposited on ITO substrate is changed after annealing at various temperatures. Both experimental soft X‐ray spectroscopic and density functional theory (DFT) based computational techniques are used to explore the electronic structure of this material. X‐ray emission, resonant X‐ray inelastic scattering, and X‐ray absorption spectroscopic techniques are employed to directly probe the valence and conduction bands. We discover that the films are very stable and remain amorphous when exposed to temperatures below 300 °C. An amorphous‐to‐polycrystalline (α‐PbO phase) transformation occurs during annealing at 400 °C. At 500 °C, an alpha to beta phase change is observed. These structural modifications are accompanied by the band gap value changing from 1.4±0.2 eV to 2.0±0.2 eV upon annealing at 400 °C and to 2.6±0.2 eV upon annealing at 500 °C. A difference between surface and bulk structural properties is found for all samples annealed at 500 °C and above; these samples also exhibit an unexpected suppression of O : 2p density of states (DOS) near the bottom of the conduction band, whereas additional electronic states appear well within the valence band. This study provides a significant step forward to understanding the electronic properties of two polymorphic forms of PbO needed for optimization of this material for use in X‐ray sensors.