bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delayed Cerebrospinal Fluid Cleft Formation Through the Midbrain and Thalamus Following Hemicraniectomy and Cranioplasty for Acute Subdural Hematoma
Authors: Sherrod Brandon A , Yoon Nam K , Anzai Yoshimi , Schmidt Richard H , Couldwell William T , Hawryluk Gregory W J 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cleft formation through brain parenchyma following nonpenetrating traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a rare phenomenon. Here we present a unique case of delayed CSF cleft formation months after initial injury.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION
A 41-yr-old male presented after a fall with a right convexity acute subdural hematoma and ipsilateral frontal contusion. He underwent emergent hemicraniectomy with subsequent autologous cranioplasty 2 mo later. At 10-mo follow-up his neurological status had improved. His magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at that time demonstrated encephalomalacia at the site of his prior contusion and punctate right pontine traumatic shearing injury. The patient re-presented to clinic 13 mo after initial injury with 2 mo of progressively worsening dysarthria, left hand numbness, diplopia, and dysphagia. MRI revealed a new tubular-shaped CSF cleft extending from the fourth ventricle, through the right midbrain and thalamus that was not present on prior MRI. Computed tomography cisternogram confirmed communication with the ventricular system, and there was no clinical evidence for elevated CSF pressure. One month later, the patient's symptoms had not improved, and imaging revealed progression of the CSF cleft. Following placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt, progression of the cleft ceased. We postulate that this cleft was a late sequela of traumatic shearing injury. We discuss our efforts to diagnose the etiology of the cleft and the rationale for our management strategy.

CONCLUSION
To our knowledge, this represents the first reported delayed-onset CSF cleft through the midbrain and thalamus after closed TBI.
What Is Criminal Culpability?
Authors: Sarch Alexander 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Chapter 2 aims to elucidate the concept of criminal culpability. Since the project of the book is to analyze, evaluate, and ultimately defend certain criminal law doctrines that impute mental states on the basis of equal culpability, the chapter explains what criminal culpability is. Chapter 2 presents the author’s theory of culpability and aims to show why it offers an attractive way to think about this concept. The theory falls squarely within the insufficient regard tradition, but the chapter fleshes out details in new ways to strengthen the theory and solve certain problems for this sort of position. The chapter is divided into two main parts. The first is ecumenical and aims to bring as many into the broad church of the insufficient regard theory as possible. The chapter does this by highlighting the explanatory power of the author’s version of the theory (particularly the requirement to manifest bad attitudes in action before criminal liability attaches and the criminal law’s general disinterest in motives and other unmanifested mental states). The chapter also shows how the theory can accommodate both sides in certain controversies about the criminal law. The second half of the chapter adopts a normative stance and provides arguments for how these controversies should be resolved. This insufficient regard theory is used as the basis for the arguments going forward in the book.
Corporations Keeping Themselves in the Dark
Authors: Sarch Alexander 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Sometimes corporations keep themselves in the dark. This chapter argues that a corporation can incur culpability when its employees block themselves or others within the corporation from obtaining knowledge they should have had. The chapter argues this can provide an equal culpability rationale for imputing knowledge to the corporation itself. One obvious way this could happen is through willful ignorance by the employees. Beyond this, knowledge can be imputed to the corporation when employees culpably prevent others in the company from obtaining information they should have had. Determining when corporations can be deemed to know what their employees kept themselves or others from learning is the task of this chapter. The chapter argues that both these kinds of interference with the information flow within the corporation can, in extreme cases, ground the imputation of knowledge to the corporation. Perhaps controversially, the chapter argues this can sometimes be done even for knowledge that no individual within the company actually possessed. The chapter considers how the willful ignorance doctrine overlaps with the collective knowledge doctrine. Roughly, this rule permits different pieces of information known separately by various employees in the corporation to be stitched together to impute the aggregate of this knowledge to the corporation. The collective knowledge doctrine is best seen as an equal culpability imputation principle. Thus, the same rationale that underlies the willful ignorance doctrine also supports applying the collective knowledge doctrine at least some of the time. Nonetheless, the two doctrines come apart in places. Hence, the two doctrines at bottom are different applications of the same normative principle: equal culpability imputation.
Being Alive
Authors: Blustein David L. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This chapter introduces the major premises and framework for this book, which posits that working has the capacity to provide people with a sense of aliveness and engagement. Yet, for many, it is a source of pain and anguish. The history of work within human evolution is presented along with an overview of how work has been understood in psychology and the social sciences. The premise that work is central to life is explored via narratives from participants in the Boston College Working Project. The material is complemented by a review of the meaning of working from a psychological perspective.
Being Able to Care
Authors: Blustein David L. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This chapter reviews the ways in which caregiving and care work relate to work and well-being in the United States. Beginning with a discussion of how care work has been gendered and marginalized within discussions of working, the chapter reviews the foundation of how caregiving functions both psychologically and socially. The contributions of the participants from the Boston College Working Project enrich and deepen the perspective about caregiving and work. The chapter discusses new contributions on caring motivation and the relationships between care work and marketplace work, culminating in a call for a serious examination of how caregiving can be supported both financially and socially to ensure that all have opportunities to care for others in a dignified and nurturing fashion.
Being Able to Work With Dignity and Opportunity
Authors: Blustein David L. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this concluding chapter, the major themes from this deeply psychological examination of the nature of work in the United States are presented. Among the major issues identified in this integrative analysis were the deeply psychological nature of work, the relationships between sustainable livelihoods and work, the erosion of the workplace and work experience, and the complex ways that people understand the source of work-based problems. Recommendations for maximizing individual adaptability in the face of these challenges were presented along with advice about enhancing community supports for people. From a broader perspective, the chapter concluded a discussion of human rights, the impact of neoliberal policies, education and work, potential of basic income guarantees, and the need to ensure that all have an opportunity for decent and dignified work.
The Craft of Portuguese Opera
Authors: Budasz Rogério 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This chapter discusses the role of Brazilian playwright Antonio José da Silva in the emergence of Portuguese comic opera during the early eighteenth century and examines the rationale and mechanisms of circulation and adaptation of folhetos de cordel, pliegos, and libretti that were set to music and staged in Portugal and in Brazil. This analysis examines Silva’s appropriation and subversion of theatrical models of the time and the transformation of the concept of opera in Portugal and Brazil, taking into account local needs and tastes, performance practice, artistic autonomy, and politics. The second part of the chapter examines opera in the context of a theatrical function, considering its integration into spectacles that included a number of diverse genres, some of them with a clear ideological or pedagogical nature (loas, elogios), and others of a more entertaining character (dances, ballets).
The Gardeners' Dirty Hands
Authors: Toly Noah J. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In The Gardeners’ Dirty Hands: Global Environmental Politics and Christian Ethics, Noah Toly engages the resources of Christian theological ethics to identify, explore, and respond to the most salient feature of contemporary environmental challenges. In conversation with contributions to Christian ethics, Toly argues that modern environmental thought, global environmental governance, climate change, and the Anthropocene are characterized by a struggle with the tragic, which may be described as the need to give up, forego, undermine, or destroy one or more goods to possess or secure one or more other goods. Drawing upon the work of Dietrich Bonhoeffer, Toly develops a “Cruciform imaginary” that should inform our responses to the tragic.
The Gardeners’ Dirty Hands
Authors: Toly Noah J. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Drawing on examples of urban air pollution and soil pollution, this chapter describes our experience of common environmental challenges in terems of “the tragic,” suggesting that the governance of brownfields and of emissions from coal-fired electricity generation involves the need to give up, undermine, forego, or destroy one or more goods in order to possess or secure one or more other goods. Drawing upon the work of Dietrich Bonhoeffer and others, the chapter begins to frame such problems in light of Christian theology and ethics, and points to a new beginning for environmental politics in light of the symbol of the cross.
Deuteronomy
Authors: Davis Ellen F. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Deuteronomy pioneers a new theological concept: torah, verbal instruction, as a mode of divine presence. The rhetoric of this book highlights the dispositions of love and fear as inseparable aspects of the covenant community’s response to God, and its language echoes the political rhetoric of Assyrian vassal treaties and challenges the power they represent. Deuteronomy develops a picture of Israel in the land, uniquely instructed by God. Central to that picture are three revolutionary concepts: worship at one central shrine, limited royal power subject to prophetic critique, and warfare that is limited with respect to combatants, targets, and collateral damage. Paradoxically, the last book of Torah ends outside the land, a literary fact that has shaped religious identity for worshipers of Israel’s God.
Joshua
Authors: Davis Ellen F. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The book of Joshua, the first book of the Former Prophets, has historically been used to justify violent conquest, but it is better read as a model of anti-propaganda. The narrative draws a sharp contrast between the reliability of YHWH’s word and Israel’s slackness and offers a surprisingly sympathetic picture of Canaanites, the ostensible historical enemy. Origen’s practice of reading the story symbolically is suggestive: this is a complex theologically shaped story in which conquest is the dominant metaphor. The whole narrative may be seen as work of cultural memory that draws on stories of the distant past in order to support Israel’s resistance to apostasy and religious assimilation under the pressure of imperial threats, starting with the Assyrian empire in the seventh century.
Proverbs and Ecclesiastes
Authors: Davis Ellen F. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
These books of so-called wisdom literature keep a low theological profile, attending to the practical and immediate aspects of everyday life. Proverbial sayings are community property, a form of local and regional knowledge treasured in traditional cultures (such as contemporary South Sudan), especially among women. Recognizing the biblical proverbs as short poems—like Japanese senryu—may counter a modern tendency to view them as merely stating the obvious or expressing the social conservatism of the powerful. Rather, they highlight likely consequences in a world that is not fundamentally chaotic, tragic, or absurd; these latter possibilities are explored in Ecclesiastes. Although Qohelet’s central themes are ephemerality and mortality, it calls upon those living in an unpredictable world to take pleasure in daily matters—food, work, relationships—that are gifts from God.
The Benefits: Labor Gains
Authors: Diamond Arthur M. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
New jobs created by innovative dynamism tend to be better jobs than old jobs destroyed. The new jobs are usually safer, cleaner, less routine, more creative, and more satisfying. Most factory jobs in the Industrial Revolution were steps up for those who had been scraping by in rural poverty. The replacement of the steam engine by the electric engine in factories made factories safer, cleaner, and better lit. From the late 1800s through the early 2000s, new jobs tended to involve less manual labor, less routine, more creativity, and more analysis. The trend accelerated with the flourishing of computers and the Internet in the 1990s and early 2000s. Innovative dynamism allows workers to choose jobs pursuing big, hairy, audacious goals (BHAGs) and the control, challenge, and satisfaction of being their own boss as free-agent entrepreneurs. We all benefit from allowing the choice of intense jobs, rather than mandating work–life balance.
The Classical-Liberal Theory of Governance
Authors: Aligica Paul Dragos , Boettke Peter J. , Tarko Vlad 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Chapter 1 introduces the building blocks of an updated approach to public governance in the classical-liberal tradition: (a) the repudiation of the “seeing like a state” or “synoptic” vision of social order and governance; (b) the embracement of normative individualism as an axiomatic principle and of its corollaries, freedom of choice and freedom of association, as normative guidelines; (c) skepticism toward the social welfare function aggregation and its objectification, used as focal principle and guideline for public policy; (d) and consistent employment of the comparative institutional analysis approach as a background methodology of institutional performance and failure assessment: markets, states, and “third-sector” institutional arrangements are all judged comparatively, on similar standards, in the context of their functioning. In addition to explaining each of these building blocks, the chapter draws attention to the logical links between them.
Function, Structure, and Process at the Private-Public Interface
Authors: Aligica Paul Dragos , Boettke Peter J. , Tarko Vlad 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Chapter 2 shows how a governance doctrine trapped in a search for pure forms of private organization or public organization, transfixed on the ideal types of the “public” and “private,” would be deficient both normatively and empirically. The chapter shows how it instead makes sense to take an approach that pivots on (a) the variety of (real and possible) institutional and governance arrangements that emerge at the interface (overlap and tension) between public and private, as defined in various circumstances by the relevant social actors on the ground; and (b) the comparison of the feasibility and efficacy of those arrangements in delivering a set of institutional performance functions out of which the preservation of life, liberty, and property are essential. The chapter charts this dynamic territory, identifying a set of essential factors at work in shaping the nature of the interface process and the governance architecture dealing with it.
Independent Regulatory Agencies and Their Reform
Authors: Aligica Paul Dragos , Boettke Peter J. , Tarko Vlad 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Chapter 8 explores the issue of independent regulatory agencies. Independent regulatory agencies are seen as a serious challenge to democratic administration. They are government organizations of unelected officials, they often resist even mild audit attempts and they are very vulnerable to corruption, rent-seeking, regulatory capture and revolving door problems. The chapter notes first why independent regulatory agencies may nonetheless respond to a genuine need, namely they are one way of addressing “common-pool regulatory problems”, i.e. controversial but hard to be decentralized problems. Then the chapter presents an approach leading to a better understanding of the independent regulatory agencies’ operations and to their possible improvement. An in-depth look questions thus the conventional wisdom regarding IRAs and their functioning in the larger architecture of contemporary governance systems.
Conclusions
Authors: Aligica Paul Dragos , Boettke Peter J. , Tarko Vlad 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The public administration principles articulated in the previous chapters are sufficiently distinct to validate the notion that there is indeed in nuce a classical-liberal theory of public governance to be derived from the foundational liberal philosophical and theoretical writings and from the public rhetoric and positions inspired by them. Further development of the theory and its translation into practice is, however, a more complicated task. Yet, a closer look at the developments in public governance during the past couple of decades offers a fresh and intriguing view of the issue. The more we advance in articulating, by using the intrinsic logic of the classical-liberal perspective, diagnoses and solutions to public governance problems, the more we can see that such diagnoses and solutions are far from alien to the contemporary field and practice of public administration. Those changes have led to a move from regulation based on command and control to flexible and diverse forms of regulation in which self-regulation is an important element. The concluding chapter of the book explores these developments.
Eurydice’s Public Image during Her Lifetime
Authors: Carney Elizabeth Donnelly 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This chapter discusses the public image of Eurydice created during her lifetime by herself and by her sons. It begins with analysis of three dedicatory inscriptions she made that puts hers dedications in the context of those made by subsequent royal women. It reflects on the possible nature of her dedication commemorating her late-acquired education and on the ways in which she crafted her public image as a mother of royal sons, as a model for other women. The chapter also examines Eurydice’s dedicatory inscriptions at the sanctuary of Eucleia (a goddess of good repute) and the character of the female statue apparently associated with one of these inscriptions (whether an image of the goddess or portrait of Eurydice). It discusses the entire sanctuary and its remains, the nature of cult worship there, and the possibility that Eurydice was a priestess of the cult and the founder of the sanctuary. The chapter also looks at a third inscription from nearby Palatitsia naming Eurydice. Saatsoglou-Paliadeli has concluded that this inscription was the label for a statue of Eurydice that formed part of a statue group.
Natural Environment as Refuge, Nurturer, Catalyst
Authors: Nadel Meryl 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
“Natural Environment as Refuge, Nurturer, Catalyst” places the notion of the summer camp in the broader context of societal ideas about people and nature, helping lay the groundwork for the social work profession’s involvement. Selected key events, concepts, and people impacting Americans’ view of the natural environment are highlighted. During the 19th century, as the United States became increasingly urban, writers and visual artists introduced Americans to the virtues of country life for health benefits, solace, and renewal. In the early 20th century, adherents of the conservation, back-to-nature, and antimodernism movements reacted to industrialization and urbanization. John Dewey and Jane Addams are referenced. Since the mid-20th century, a number of thinkers—scientists, historians, theologians, journalists—have turned their attention to issues related to people and the environment. Increasingly, social workers have examined the physical and natural environments as necessary components for understanding people holistically.
The Beginnings of the Summer Camp Movement
Authors: Nadel Meryl 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
“The Beginnings of the Summer Camp Movement” presents the early history of the summer camp as background for understanding the circumstances confronted by the new social work profession around the turn of the 20th century. The emergence of summer camps was influenced by the changing economy and industrialization, immigration, health issues, the growth of a transportation network, school vacations, and the rise of a middle socioeconomic class with increased leisure time. The Fresh Air Movement, created by mid-19th century religious, health, and charity organizations, provided daily excursions and weeklong trips to the country for children living in poverty. Early settlement houses initiated informal summer programs for their members. Private camping programs began for upper socioeconomic class boys and, later, girls. Youth-serving organizations including the Ys, the Scouts, and the settlement houses started organized camp programs for children from middle- and lower-socioeconomic class families. Camp directors soon established membership associations.
Growth and Development of Social Work Camps: 1920s–1940s
Authors: Nadel Meryl 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
“Growth and Development of Social Work Camps: 1920s–1940s” continues the chronological overview of social work involvement in the summer camp movement. Several themes become increasingly evident: the role of the group, individualization, and the importance of the democratic process. Group workers established a professional identity during the 1930s. Books and articles by Joshua Lieberman, Hedley Dimock and Charles Hendry, and Louis Blumenthal advocated camps that encouraged resourcefulness and self-direction, social responsibility in a democratic setting, and the ideals of progressive education. The benefits of the decentralized camp and the primacy of the cabin group were recognized. During the 1940s, the child-centered rather than activity-centered focus received attention, while the advantages of year-round programming were emphasized. Group work became accepted as a method within the social work profession.
The Therapeutic Camp
Authors: Nadel Meryl 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
“The Therapeutic Camp: Trends in Camps for Children with Social–Emotional Challenges” traces the history of mental health interventions and research in the summer camp setting. With the growing influence of the mental hygiene and child guidance movements, therapeutic camps were initiated by case work and group work agencies, family service agencies, hospitals, universities, and other organizations. Notable early therapeutic camp programs included the Boys’ Guidance Project (Michigan), Camp Ramapo (New York), and Camp Wawokiye (Ohio). The psychodynamic influence permeated Camp Wediko (Massachusetts) and Camp Chief Noonday (Michigan), led by Fritz Redl. In many of these camps, the continuity between the year-round work of the therapeutic agency and the camp program was stressed. Such camps employed case workers, group workers, and social work students. This chapter also discusses inclusion-model camps, adventure therapy, and family camps. The chapter concludes with reflections on Camp Towhee, a therapeutic camp in Ontario, Canada.