bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum total antioxidant capacity prior to liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma is associated with 1-year liver transplantation survival
Authors: Lorente Leonardo , Rodriguez Sergio T. , Sanz Pablo , Pérez-Cejas Antonia , Abreu-González Pedro , Padilla Javier , Díaz Dácil , González Antonio , Martín María M. , Jiménez Alejandro , Cerro Purificación , Barrera Manuel A. 
Published: June 2018

Objective To determine whether there was an association between serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels prior to in liver transplantation (LT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and 1-year LT mortality. Methods This observational retrospective single-centre study of patients with LT for HCC measured serum levels of TAC and malondialdehyde (as a biomarker of lipid peroxidation) before LT. The study endpoint was 1-year LT mortality. Results This study included 142 patients who underwent LT for HCC. Patients who survived the first year ( n = 127) had significantly lower aged liver donors, significantly higher serum TAC levels, and significantly lower serum malondialdehyde levels compared with the non-survivors ( n = 15). Logistic regression analysis found that serum TAC levels (odds ratio [OR] 0.275; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.135, 0.562) and the age of the LT donor (OR 1.050; 95% CI 1.009, 1.094) were associated with 1-year LT mortality. There was an inverse association between serum levels of TAC and malondialdehyde levels (rho = –0.22). Conclusions There was an association between low serum TAC levels prior to LT for HCC and mortality during the first year after LT. There was an inverse association between serum TAC levels and lipid peroxidation as measured by malondialdehyde levels.
Decorporation potential of lansoprazole against radiothallium (201Tl) in internally contaminated BALB/c mice and New Zealand White rabbits
Authors: Nishad DK , Rawat HS , Singh T , Bhatnagar A , Mittal G 
Published: June 2018

Introduction: This study examined the decorporation potential of lansoprazole (LNP) as radioactivity decorporation agent for radiothallium (201Tl) in internally contaminated BALB/c mice and New Zealand White rabbits using radiometry and gamma scintigraphy. Methods: Animals were divided into three groups, that is, control, pretreatment-1 (1X LNP), and pretreatment-2 (2X LNP). Mice received LNP intraperitoneally, while in rabbits LNP was given through oral route 0.5 and 1.5 h before radiothallium administration, respectively. Mice and rabbits used in the experiment were administered 1.48 and 11.1 MBq radiothallium (201TlCl) through intravenous and oral route, respectively. Once started as prophylactic, LNP was continued as therapeutic twice a day till the end of study period. Radiometry and gamma scintigraphy were used to monitor radiothallium retention and uptake patterns in animals. Gamma scintigraphic images of rabbits were taken at different time intervals up to 72 h and were analyzed for comparative uptake pattern of 201TlCl in all the groups. Results: LNP treatment significantly increased the 201Tl elimination over untreated control and considerably reduced the retention of 201Tl in various tissues and organs. Decrease in radiothallium uptake up to 40% was observed in LNP-treated mice as compared to untreated control. While in rabbits, whole-body radioactivity burden at 72 h was found to be 31.24%, 26%, and 18.54% in untreated control, 9 and 18 mg/kg LNP-treated groups, respectively. Conclusion: LNP exhibited dose-dependent decorporation potential to effectively enhance the elimination of 201Tl in mice and rabbits experimentally contaminated with 201TlCl.
Reorienting Educational Efforts for Sustainable Development: Experiences from South Asia
Authors: Mathar Reiner 
Published: June 2018

Rajeswari Namagiri Gorana and Preeti Rawat Kanaujia (Eds), Springer, Netherlands, 2016, 205 pages, US$ 92.35. ISBN 978-94-017-7620-2. Book series: Schooling for Sustainable Development http://www.springer.com/in/book/9789401776202
Lamina cribrosa position and Bruch’s membrane opening differences between anterior ischemic optic neuropathy and open-angle glaucoma
Authors: Rebolleda Gema , Pérez-Sarriegui Ane , Díez-Álvarez Laura , De Juan Victoria , Muñoz-Negrete Francisco J 
Published: June 2018

Purpose: To compare the optic nerve head morphology among primary open-angle glaucoma, non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy eyes, their fellow healthy eyes and control eyes, using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography with enhanced depth imaging. Methods: Observational cross-sectional study including 88 eyes of 68 patients. In this study, 23 non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy eyes, 17 fellow unaffected eyes, 25 primary open-angle glaucoma eyes, and 23 age-matched control eyes were included. Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and optic disk area were evaluated. Bruch’s membrane opening diameter, optic cup depth, anterior lamina cribrosa depth, and prelaminar tissue thickness were assessed. Results: Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy and primary open-angle glaucoma eyes had similar visual field mean deviation and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (P = 0.6 and P = 0.56, respectively). Bruch’s membrane opening diameter was significantly larger in primary open-angle glaucoma eyes than in control eyes (P = 0.02). Lamina cribrosa and disk cup were deeper in eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma than both control and non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy eyes (P < 0.001). Prelaminar tissue thickness was significantly thinner in primary open-angle glaucoma eyes than in non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy eyes (P < 0.001). Lamina cribrosa was shallower in both non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy and unaffected fellow eyes compared to healthy eyes (P < 0.001 and P = 0.04, respectively). No differences were found in the optic disk area. Conclusion: A forward lamina cribrosa placement and not a smaller disk could be involved in the pathogenesis of non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. A significantly larger Bruch’s membrane opening diameter was found in primary open-angle glaucoma eyes compared with control eyes. This issue has clinical implications because Bruch’s membrane opening has been considered a stable reference for disk-related measures.
Estimating MS-related work productivity loss and factors associated with work productivity loss in a representative Australian sample of people with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Chen Jing , Taylor Bruce , Palmer Andrew J , Kirk-Brown Andrea , van Dijk Pieter , Simpson Steve , Blizzard Leigh , van der Mei Ingrid 
Published: June 2018

Background: Little is known about the work productivity loss in multiple sclerosis (MS). Objectives: To quantify the MS-related work productivity loss and to compare factors associated with labour force participation and work productivity loss. Methods: Participants were from the Australian MS Longitudinal Study. MS-related work productivity loss included absenteeism (time missed from work) and presenteeism (reduced productivity while working). Data were analysed using log-binomial and Cragg hurdle regression. Results: Among 740 MS employees, 56% experienced any work productivity loss due to MS in the past 4  weeks. The mean total work productivity loss was 2.5  days (14.2% lost productive time), absenteeism 0.6  days (3.4%) and presenteeism 1.9  days (10.8%)), leading to AU$6767 (US$4985, EURO€4578) loss per person annually. Multivariable analyses showed that work productivity was determined most strongly by symptoms, particularly ‘fatigue and cognitive symptoms’ and ‘pain and sensory symptoms’, while older age, and lower education level were also predictive of not being in the labour force. Conclusion: MS-related presenteeism was three times higher than absenteeism, highlighting the importance of presenteeism being included in employment outcomes. The dominance of symptom severity as predictors of both work participation and productivity loss emphasises the need for improved management of symptoms.
Successful implementation of an automated electronic support system for patient safety monitoring: The alemtuzumab in multiple sclerosis safety systems (AMS3) study
Authors: Reddel Stephen W , Barnett Michael H , Riminton Sean , Dugal Tej , Buzzard Katherine , Wang Chenu Tim , Fitzgerald Fiona , Beadnall Heidi N , Erickson Diane , Gahan David , Wang Daniel , Ackland Toby , Thompson Richard 
Published: June 2018

Background: Alemtuzumab is a highly effective treatment for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) but requires ongoing pathology monitoring for autoimmune adverse effects. The Alemtuzumab in MS Safety Systems (AMS3) study evaluated the implementation of an automated pathology-monitoring system. Objectives: To develop an efficient automated clinical decision support system (CDSS) to electronically prompt and track pathology collection and to provide prescribers and patients with customised alerts of abnormal results for identified risks. Methods: A total of 10 patients with relapsing-remitting MS treated with alemtuzumab were enrolled to test the system. Standard care laboratory monitoring was performed and compared to the performance of the CDSS. Results: The automated CDSS, an integrated patient smartphone application and an additional pre-screening tool were all successfully developed. Compliance with pathology monitoring was 96.7%. The automated analysis of pathology results was significantly faster than standard care neurologist review ( p < 0.001). The system correctly identified and alerted abnormalities, including one case of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) while the treating neurologist was on leave, enabling prompt treatment of serious adverse events. During the course of the study, the CDSS was deployed throughout Australia. Conclusion: We successfully developed automated pathology monitoring with a CDSS, demonstrating real-world benefits of high compliance and timely alerting of important results.
What matters in patient-centered medical home transformation: Whole system evaluation outcomes of the Brown Primary Care Transformation Initiative
Authors: Goldman Roberta E , Brown Joanna , Stebbins Patricia , Parker Donna R , Adewale Victoria , Shield Renee , Roberts Mary B , Eaton Charles B , Borkan Jeffrey M 
Published: June 2018

Objectives: Patient-centered medical home transformation initiatives for enhancing team-based, patient-centered primary care are widespread in the United States. However, there remain large gaps in our understanding of these efforts. This article reports findings from a contextual, whole system evaluation study of a transformation intervention at eight primary care teaching practice sites in Rhode Island. It provides a picture of system changes from the perspective of providers, staff, and patients in these practices. Methods: Quantitative/qualitative evaluation methods include patient, provider, and staff surveys and qualitative interviews; practice observations; and focus groups with the intervention facilitation team. Results: Patient satisfaction in the practices was high. Patients could describe observable elements of patient-centered medical home functioning, but they lacked explicit awareness of the patient-centered medical home model, and their activation decreased over time. Providers’ and staff’s emotional exhaustion and depersonalization increased slightly over the course of the intervention from baseline to follow-up, and personal accomplishment decreased slightly. Providers and staff expressed appreciation for the patient-centered medical home as an ideal model, variously implemented some important patient-centered medical home components, increased their understanding of patient-centered medical home as more than specific isolated parts, and recognized their evolving work roles in the medical home. However, frustration with implementation barriers and the added work burden they associated with patient-centered medical home persisted. Conclusion: Patient-centered medical home transformation is disruptive to practices, requiring enduring commitment of leadership and personnel at every level, yet the model continues to hold out promise for improved delivery of patient-centered primary care.
Translating anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy into clinical practice for relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Chow Victor A. , Shadman Mazyar , Gopal Ajay K. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T cells demonstrate efficacy in B-cell malignancies, leading to US Food and Drug Administration approval of axicabtagene ciloleucel (October 2017) and tisagenlecleucel (May 2018) for large B-cell lymphomas after 2 prior lines of therapy. Durable remissions are seen in 30% to 40% of study-treated patients, but toxicities of cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity require administration in specialized centers. This article reviews data of current diffuse large B-cell lymphoma management, focusing on axicabtagene ciloleucel, tisagenlecleucel, and lisocabtagene maraleucel.
Epidemiology and natural history ofPseudomonas aeruginosaairway infections in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis
Authors: Woo Taylor E. , Lim Rachel , Surette Michael G. , Waddell Barbara , Bowron Joel C. , Somayaji Ranjani , Duong Jessica , Mody Christopher H. , Rabin Harvey R. , Storey Douglas G. , Parkins Michael D. 
Published: June 2018

The natural history and epidemiology ofPseudomonas aeruginosainfections in non-cystic fibrosis (non-CF) bronchiectasis is not well understood.As such it was our intention to determine the evolution of airway infection and the transmission potential ofP. aeruginosain patients with non-CF bronchiectasis.A longitudinal cohort study was conducted from 1986–2011 using a biobank of prospectively collected isolates from patients with non-CF bronchiectasis. Patients included were ≥18 years old and had ≥2 positiveP. aeruginosacultures over a minimum 6-month period. All isolates obtained at first and most recent clinical encounters, as well as during exacerbations, that were morphologically distinct on MacConkey agar were genotyped by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). A total of 203 isolates from 39 patients were analysed. These were compared to a large collection of globally epidemic and local CF strains, as well as non-CF isolates.We identified four patterns of infection in non-CF bronchiectasis including: 1) persistence of a single strain (n=26; 67%); 2) strain displacement (n=8; 20%); 3) temporary disruption (n=3; 8%); and 4) chaotic airway infection (n=2; 5%). Patterns of infection were not significant predictors of rates of lung function decline or progression to end-stage disease and acquisition of new strains did not associate with the occurrence of exacerbations. Rarely, non-CF bronchiectasis strains with similar pulsotypes were observed in CF and non-CF controls, but no CF epidemic strains were observed. While rare shared strains were observed in non-CF bronchiectasis, whole-genome sequencing refuted patient–patient transmission.We observed a higher incidence of strain-displacement in our patient cohort compared to those observed in CF studies, although this did not impact on outcomes.
How to incorporate patient and public perspectives into the design and conduct of research
Authors: Hoddinott Pat , Pollock Alex , O'Cathain Alicia , Boyer Isabel , Taylor Jane , MacDonald Chris , Oliver Sandy , Donovan Jenny L. 
Published: June 2018

International government guidance recommends patient and public involvement (PPI) to improve the relevance and quality of research. PPI is defined as research being carried out ‘with’ or ‘by’ patients and members of the public rather than ‘to’, ‘about’ or ‘for’ them (http://www.invo.org.uk/). Patient involvement is different from collecting data from patients as participants. Ethical considerations also differ. PPI is about patients actively contributing through discussion to decisions about research design, acceptability, relevance, conduct and governance from study conception to dissemination. Occasionally patients lead or do research. The research methods of PPI range from informal discussions to partnership research approaches such as action research, co-production and co-learning. This article discusses how researchers can involve patients when they are applying for research funding and considers some opportunities and pitfalls. It reviews research funder requirements, draws on the literature and our collective experiences as clinicians, patients, academics and members of UK funding panels.
Las percepciones de la inseguridad en relación con las noticias delictivas: un análisis desde la recepción
Authors: Focás Brenda 
Published: June 2018

Los medios de comunicación —específicamente la televisión— son señalados como uno de los responsables de la creciente inquietud por la inseguridad. Se sostiene que exageran en la enunciación de las noticias policiales, que tienen intereses o intenciones en generar miedo, que son sensacionalistas. Pero ¿cómo interpretan los sujetos a los medios cuando representan ‘la inseguridad’ y cómo decodifican esta información? ¿Qué lugar ocupan las noticias de inseguridad en la percepción de los sujetos? En este artículo se presentan algunos hallazgos que muestran, a través de un trabajo de recepción, los modos en que la información mediática de la inseguridad se imbrica en la vida cotidiana de los sujetos y con las distintas formas de percepción de los espectadores, de clasificación de la información, de interés cognitivo y de credibilidad en los medios cuando representan al delito.
Creating Work Breaks from Available Idleness
Authors: Sun Xu , Whitt Ward 
Published: June 2018

We develop new rules for assigning available service representatives to customers in customer contact centers and other large-scale service systems in order to create effective work breaks for the service representatives from naturally available idleness. These are unplanned breaks occurring randomly over time. We consider both announced breaks as well as unannounced breaks. Our goal is to make the mean and variance of the interval between successive breaks suitably small. Given a target break duration, we propose assigning idle servers based on the elapsed time since their last break. We show that our proposed server-assignment rules are optimal for the many-server heavy-traffic (MSHT) fluid model. Extensive simulation experiments support the proposed server-assignment rules in practical cases and confirm the MSHT approximation formulas when the number of servers is very large. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2017.0682 .
Cultural Imprinting, Institutions, and the Organization of New Firms
Authors: Waguespack David M. , Dunford Eric T. , Birnir Jóhanna K. 
Published: June 2018

Do firm founders from nations with more predictable and transparent institutions allocate more autonomy to their employees? A cultural imprinting view suggests that institutions inculcate beliefs that operate beyond the environment in which those beliefs originate. We leverage data from a multiplayer online role-playing game, EVE Online, a setting where individuals can establish and run their own corporations. EVE players come from around the world, but all face the same institutional environment within the game. This setting allows us to disentangle, for the first time, cultural norms from the myriad other local factors that will influence organizational design choices across nations. Our main finding is that founders residing in nations with more predictable and transparent real world institutions delegate more authority within the virtual firms they create. Data and the online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/stsc.2018.0056 .
Representaciones sociales sobre la Química: identificación y evolución en una cohorte de escuela técnica.
Authors: Granados Orellano Dora Inés , Fortino María Alejandra , Silvestre Gabriela 
Published: June 2018

Las Representaciones sociales son modos de conocimiento que se integran a través de las comunicaciones con el grupo social. Son operativas para la comprensión, la comunicación entre los actores y el desempeño en la vida cotidiana; son creencias, imágenes, metáforas, etc con los que los individuos interpelan y organizan la realidad en la que se desenvuelven, definen las situaciones y llevan a cabo determinado procedimiento de acción. En este artículo se presenta un estudio de caso en el que se identificó y describió las Representaciones sociales de la Química, así como su evolución, en un mismo grupo de estudiantes de escuela técnica, desde el inicio y hasta la finalización de su especialidad. La exploración de las representaciones y su evolución en este grupo particular de estudiantes pretendió iluminar procesos, prácticas docentes y pedagógico-didácticas que ejercen influencia sobre las mismas, ampliar la mirada de la comunidad académica sobre el proceso de Enseñanza-Aprendizaje de la Química ya que contribuye a echar luz sobre las representaciones que operan en los estudiantes y su aprendizaje.
Factores que inciden en la implementación de TIC en la enseñanza de Biología en una escuela secundaria.
Authors: Larraburu Sandra , Fabro Ana Patricia 
Published: June 2018

La investigación se realizó en el ámbito de la Escuela Secundaria Técnico-profesional Nº 483 de Venado Tuerto, provincia de Santa Fe.
El objetivo de la misma fue analizar los factores actitudinales y contextuales que inciden en la incorporación de TIC a la enseñanza de Biología, en primer año de la mencionada escuela.
Como resultados se observa que si bien el equipamiento tecnológico de la escuela estudiada es satisfactorio, los docentes de Biología de primer año, en su mayoría, no utilizan estos recursos en forma periódica, y cuando lo hacen, los emplean como un complemento más del formato de sus clases tradicionales.
Sin embargo, se destaca el trabajo de una docente que aprovecha los saberes tecnológicos de los alumnos, para el aprendizaje de los saberes curriculares de la disciplina Biología dentro de un modelo de enseñanza constructivista, desarrollando sus clases de manera creativa, lúdica e imaginativa, ofreciendo a los alumnos un abanico de posibles tareas o actividades, para que éstos desarrollen experiencias activas mediadas por TIC.
En cuanto a los diferentes factores actitudinales que inciden en la incorporación de TIC a la enseñanza de Biología, se puede observar que los docentes manifiestan principalmente actitudes de indiferencia, rechazo, miedo, desinterés, apatía y frustración frente a las TIC.
Con respecto a los factores contextuales que inciden en la incorporación de las TIC en el ámbito de la enseñanza, para el caso estudiado, se puede concluir que son diversos, según las diferentes dimensiones o niveles de responsabilidad.
En cuanto al nivel macrocontextual, se observa que los docentes pueden acceder gratuitamente a numerosos programas que se brindan a nivel nacional y provincial.
Sin embargo, pese a la gran oferta de cursos y actividades de capacitación de los programas mencionados, los docentes no conocen (en su mayoría) los objetivos de estos programas, y han abandonado los cursos que los mismos brindan, porque -según su opinión- les ofrecen demasiado material teórico (que según manifiestan, no tienen tiempo de leer) y poco material práctico. Solamente una docente (de los cuatro docentes analizados) terminó el postítulo de Especialización en TIC, brindado por el Ministerio de Educación de la Nación.
En cuanto al nivel microcontextual, los docentes manifiestan no tener tiempo para capacitarse ni para la preparación de secuencias didácticas mediadas por TIC. Asimismo, si bien algunos de los docentes entrevistados manifiestan no encontrar obstáculos para la utilización de las TIC en las aulas (al tiempo que sostienen que no las aplican porque no les interesa) otros docentes señalan como obstáculos, la ausencia de conectividad en determinadas circunstancias y la falta de hábito de los alumnos de llevar las netbooks provistas por el programa Conectar Igualdad, a la escuela.