bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physicochemical and proximate composition of cincalok (fermented shrimp) mixed with red onion powder, red chilli pepper and musk lime juice
Authors: Nurhayati Y , Mat Rahim N N , Mohd Juhari N I , Tang J Y H 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Cincalok has a pungent smell and salty-sour taste and is served with various recipes to improve its quality. Herbs in cincalok enhance sustainability by lowering the demand for artificial additives in meals. This study aims to compare the physicochemical properties and proximate compositions of cincalok before and after adding red onion powder (ROP), red chilli pepper powder (RCPP), and musk lime juice (MLJ). Three variations of cincalok were made by mixing commercial cincalok with 5% of ROP, RCPP, and MLJ and fermenting for ten days at room temperature. The samples’ physicochemical properties (pH, water activity, titratable acidity and colour) and proximate compositions were measured. The results showed that the pH decreased after mixing and fermentation. The water activity ranged from 0.88 to 0.86, and titratable acidity from 2.54 to 1.96 after fermentation for all samples. The result also showed that cincalok mixing with RCPP had the highest value of ash (12.48%), protein (19.54%), fat (7.00%), and fibre (6.42%) content after fermentation. In conclusion, incorporating ROP, RCPP, and MLJ into cincalok influences its physicochemical and proximate composition, highlighting the benefits of using locally sourced herbs as natural food additives.
Effect of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) Percentage and Emulsifier Ratio on the Physicochemical Characteristics of Beverages Emulsions using Local Hybrid Coconut from Indonesian Local Resource
Authors: Nurminah M , Arwanti Karunia D , Julianti E 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This research was conducted to determine the physicochemical characteristics of VCO-emulsified beverage with differences in VCO percentage and emulsifier ratio. This research was conducted using the factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method with two factors: the percentage of VCO (V): (20%; 30%; 40%) and the emulsifier ratio tween 80: span 80 (E): (2:3; 1:1; 3:2). The results showed that the interaction effect of VCO percentage and emulsifier ratio had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the creaming index but had an insignificant effect (P>0.05) on total dissolved solids, viscosity, free fatty acids, pH, of VCO beverage emulsion. The emulsion beverage with the best quality in terms of creaming index parameters and free fatty acid content was an emulsion beverage with a VCO percentage of 30% and an emulsifier ratio of 1:1.
Analysis of factors affecting Indonesian nutmeg export volumes to sustainability of Indonesian nutmeg production
Authors: Supriana T , Pane T C , Sihombing L , Salsabillah  
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Indonesia stands as one of the foremost nutmeg exporters universally. Indonesian nutmeg export volume has developed every year. However, the development of Indonesian nutmeg Export amount to leading target countries was still experiencing fluctuating developments. The present study aims are to analysis the comparative advantages of Indonesian nutmeg exports in the global market, to analysis of factors affecting Indonesian nutmeg export volumes to sustainability of Indonesian nutmeg production. This examination engaged panel data using the gravity model and the following methods: Generalized Leapt Square (GLS), Symmetry Revealed Comparative Advantage (SRCA), and Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA). According to the RCA and SRCA analyses, Indonesian nutmeg has a significant competitive advantage in the global market. In the meantime, the exchange rate and the Exporter GDP variable have a positive and considerable impact on nutmeg exports, according to the panel data study. The amount of Indonesian nutmeg exported is significantly and negatively impacted by importer GDP and population. The amount of Indonesian nutmeg exported is positively but marginally impacted by the SRCA and Trade Costs variables.
Realizing multimodal lithography effects by adjusting laser exposure power ranges for TeOx inorganic photoresist
Authors: Liu Liqin , Zhao Zeyu , Wang Changtao , Jiang Weiwei , Yang Dingyu , Sun Hui , Zeng Tixian 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Suboxide chalcogenide thin films like TeO
x
are promising inorganic lithography materials. Different from previous reports of single-mode lithography based on TeO
x
films at low laser power, this study proposes multimodal lithography effects at low, medium, and high laser power ranges. The TeO
x
films were fabricated by reactive magnetron sputtering, exhibiting super smooth surface with an RMS 0.33 nm. The lithographic performance was researched using a laser direct writing system with a wavelength of 780 nm. The experiment results showed that different kind of lithographic patterns were achieved by changing laser power ranges. At low exposure powers (5 mW to 9 mW), TeO
x
film transforms from amorphous to crystalline, generating patterns with single-trench since only the crystalline state dissolves in alkaline developers. At medium exposure powers (10 mW to 15 mW), the center of the laser spot that has greater power turns the film from amorphous to crystalline and then back to amorphous due to the rapid quenching process, while the outer region cools slowly to form crystalline, resulting in the patterns with double-trenches, with feature size 119 nm (about 1/7 λ). At high exposure powers (>16 mW), the laser power is capable of ablating the TeO
x
film, resulting in the ablation and redeposition patterns. Therefore, multimodal lithographic nano-patterns on the same TeO
x
photoresist film can be realized with only one lithography process by precisely manipulating the laser power ranges, which has significant implications in the fields of nano-manufacturing and optical storage.
The ones that got away: chemical tagging of globular cluster-origin stars with Gaia BP/RP spectra
Authors: Kane Sarah G , Belokurov Vasily , Cranmer Miles , Monty Stephanie , Zhang Hanyuan , Ardern-Arentsen Anke 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Globular clusters (GCs) are sites of extremely efficient star formation, and recent studies suggest they significantly contributed to the early Milky Way’s stellar mass build-up. Although their role has since diminished, GCs’ impact on the Galaxy’s initial evolution can be traced today by identifying their most chemically unique stars – those with anomalous nitrogen and aluminum overabundances and oxygen depletion. While they are a perfect tracer of clusters, be it intact or fully dissolved, these high-[N/O], high-[Al/Fe] GC-origin stars are extremely rare within the current Galaxy. To address the scarcity of these unusual, precious former GC members, we train a neural network (NN) to identify high-[N/O], high-[Al/Fe] stars using low-resolution Gaia Blue Photometer/Red Photometer spectra. Our NN achieves a classification accuracy of approximately $\approx 99~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ and a false positive rate of around $\approx 7~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$, identifying 878 new candidates in the Galactic field. We validate our results with several physically motivated sanity checks, showing, for example, that the incidence of selected stars in Galactic GCs is significantly higher than in the field. Moreover, we find that most of our GC-origin candidates reside in the inner Galaxy, having likely formed in the proto-Milky Way, consistent with previous research. The fraction of GC candidates in the field drops at a metallicity of [Fe/H]$\approx -1$, approximately coinciding with the completion of spin-up, i.e. the formation of the Galactic stellar disc.
Non‐invasive point‐of‐care optical technique for continuous in vivo assessment of microcirculatory function: Application to a preclinical model of early sepsis
Authors: Eskandari Rasa , Milkovich Stephanie , Kamar Farah , Goldman Daniel , Welsh Donald G. , Ellis Christopher G. , Diop Mamadou 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIncreased amplitude of peripheral vasomotion is a potential early marker of sepsis‐related microcirculatory impairment; however, previous reports relied on clinically unsuitable invasive techniques. Hyperspectral near‐infrared spectroscopy (hsNIRS) and diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) are non‐invasive, bedside techniques that can be paired to continuously monitor tissue hemoglobin content (HbT), oxygenation (StO2), and perfusion (rBF) to detect vasomotion as low‐frequency microhemodynamic oscillations. While previous studies have primarily focused on the peripheral microcirculation, cerebral injury is also a common occurrence in sepsis and hsNIRS‐DCS could be used to assess cerebral microcirculatory function. This work aimed to use a hybrid hsNIRS‐DCS system to continuously monitor changes in the peripheral and cerebral microcirculation in a rat model of early sepsis. It was hypothesized that the skeletal muscle would be a more sensitive early indicator of sepsis‐related changes in microhemodynamics than the brain. Control animals received saline while the experimental group received fecal slurry to induce sepsis. Subsequently, hsNIRS‐DCS measurements were acquired from the skeletal muscle and brain for 6 h. Peripheral rBF rapidly decreased in septic animals, but there were no significant changes in peripheral HbT or StO2, nor cerebral HbT, rBF, or StO2. The power of low‐frequency peripheral oscillations in all parameters (i.e., HbT, StO2, and rBF) as well as cerebral HbT oscillations were elevated in septic animals during the final 4 h. These findings suggest that in the early stages of sepsis, while vital organs like the brain are partly protected, changes in peripheral perfusion and vasomotor activity can be detected using hsNIRS‐DCS. Future work will apply the technique to ICU patients.
Exploring Opioid Use Disorder Outcomes by Quantitative Urinalysis: Post Hoc Analysis of a Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Peterson Stefan , Nunes Edward V. , Lofwall Michelle R. , Walsh Sharon L. , Tiberg Fredrik 
Published: December 2024

Objectives
Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a global concern. Urine drug screening uses opioid immunoassays to monitor OUD treatment response but is limited to yes/no results. Analytical cutoff variation complicates interstudy comparisons. This study investigated whether quantitative urinalysis can provide additional clinically meaningful treatment efficacy information and assessed the impact of different cutoffs on treatment differences.

Methods
Quantitative urine drug test data were analyzed from a randomized, active-controlled, parallel-group, double-blind, 31-week phase 3 trial (N = 428; December 29, 2015, to October 19, 2016) assessing CAM2038 subcutaneous (SC) buprenorphine (BPN) extended-release injections compared to daily sublingual (SL) BPN/naloxone (BPN/NX) tablets, and equivalent placebos, in OUD treatment (NCT02651584). Urine samples were analyzed by gas or liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. The European Medicines Agency (EMA)–directed primary endpoint, based on opioid detection above the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ), was explored using different cutoffs.

Results
Using the LLOQ, the mean percentage of opioid-negative samples was 35.1% and 28.4% for CAM2038 and SL BPN/NX, respectively (mean difference [95% confidence interval], 6.7% [−0.1% to 13.6%]). Using standard cutoffs (1 ng/mg creatinine [fentanyl/norfentanyl], 300 ng/mg creatinine [other opioids]), results were 41.2% and 32.2% (9.0% [1.8%–16.1%]). Increasing cutoffs led to greater differences favoring CAM2038. Significant differences in mean concentrations over time and cumulative distribution of exposure to different opioids also favored CAM2038. The difference in fentanyl exposure between treatments was nonsignificant.

Conclusions
Quantitative urinalysis provides insights into opioid use beyond assessment of abstinence. Study outcomes are impacted by analytical thresholds, which should be carefully considered when designing, interpreting, and comparing clinical trial results.
Subperiosteal Tunneled Allograft Reconstruction of the Symphyseal Ligaments (STARS) in Bladder Exstrophy Epispadias Complex
Authors: Kenawey Mohamed , Morakis Emmanouil , Keene David , Mariotto Ariana , Cervellione Raimondo 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Because of the lack of symphyseal ligaments, pubic symphysis re-diastasis is the rule after iliac osteotomies for bladder exstrophy reconstruction. Progressive symphyseal diastasis may cause pelvic organ prolapse in females and penile retraction in males. This study assesses the results of tendon allograft symphyseal reconstruction for maintaining pubic approximation with iliac osteotomies in exstrophy repair.

Methods:
Eleven consecutive patients had symphyseal reconstruction with delayed exstrophy repair, 7 classic bladder exstrophy, 2 cloacal exstrophy, and 2 exstrophy variants. There were 4 males and the average age at surgery was 14 months (9 to 20 mo). The average preoperative diastasis was 52 mm (43 to 79 mm). After pubic approximation with modified oblique iliac osteotomies, tendon allografts were looped subperiosteally around the pubic bones and through the obturator foramina, and reinforced by suturing anterior chondro-periosteal flaps. With the legs in a mermaid dressing, external fixators were kept for 3 to 4 weeks. All patients had preoperative pelvic computed tomography scans and pelvic x-rays before fixator removal and at the latest follow-up.

Results:
All patients had successful urologic closure. The mean postoperative inter-pubic distance was 20.5 mm (8 to 29 mm). The mean postoperative follow-up was 10 months (4 to 19 mo). The mean inter-pubic distance at the latest follow-up was 21.6 mm (3 to 35 mm). We had maintained or even decreased inter-pubic distance in 9 out of 11 cases with the average postoperative interpubic distance of 19.3 mm compared with 18.9 mm at an average 11 months follow-up. In 2 patients, the inter-pubic distance increased from 25 and 26 mm postoperatively to 33 and 35 mm at 4 months follow-up.

Conclusion:
The interpubic distance was stable or decreasing in 9 out of 11 patients with average follow-up of 11 months. Further reduction in the interpubic distance was observed due to bone formation medial to the pubic bones caused by the subperiosteal dissection. Longer-term follow-up is required to confirm stable pubic approximation.

Level of Evidence:
Level III.
Adjunctive Midodrine Therapy for Vasopressor-Dependent Shock in the ICU: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Kilcommons Sebastian J. , Hammal Fadi , Kamaleldin Mostafa , Opgenorth Dawn L. , Fiest Kirsten M. , Karvellas Constantine J. , Kutsogiannis Demetrios J. , Lau Vincent I. , MacIntyre Erika J. , Rochwerg Bram , Senaratne Janek M. , Slemko Jocelyn M. , Sligl Wendy I. , Wang Xiaoming X. M. , Bagshaw Sean M. , Rewa Oleksa G. 
Published: December 2024

OBJECTIVES:
To summarize the efficacy of midodrine as an adjunctive therapy in critically ill patients. Safety of midodrine was assessed as a secondary outcome.

DATA SOURCES:
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis using a peer-reviewed search strategy combining the themes of vasopressor-dependent shock, critical care, and midodrine and including MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, CINAHL, and Cochrane library databases until September 14, 2023.

STUDY SELECTION:
We included studies if they: 1) included patients with vasopressor-dependent shock, 2) were performed in the ICU, 3) evaluated oral midodrine therapy compared with placebo or usual care, and 4) evaluated one of the outcomes of interest.

DATA EXTRACTION:
We extracted data independently in duplicate using standardized data abstraction forms, which included the following specific variables: patient characteristics, age, sex, type of ICU, etiology of shock, number of patients, study inclusion and exclusion criteria, and geographical location. We also captured the type, dose, and duration of IV vasopressors, any cointervention used, and outcome data.

DATA SYNTHESIS:
We identified seven randomized controlled trials (six included in the pooled analysis) and ten observational studies (four included in the pooled analysis) that met eligibility criteria. Adjunctive midodrine may decrease ICU length of stay (LOS) and there is low certainty of effect on hospital LOS. Midodrine may decrease IV vasopressor support duration, ICU mortality, and hospital mortality. Pooled observational data was based on very low certainty data for all outcomes of interest. The trial sequential analysis-informed required sample size was not met for ICU LOS or IV vasopressor duration and this contributed to Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations assessments of imprecision for both outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS:
Adjunctive midodrine may decrease ICU LOS, duration of IV vasopressor therapy, and mortality in critically ill patients. However, required sample sizes was not met to determine our outcomes of interest. Midodrine may increase risk of bradycardia. While midodrine may provide benefit for patient-centered outcomes, due to increased risk of adverse events, further large-scale studies are needed to inform and guide its routine use in the ICU.
Clinicopathologic Features of Breast Tumors in Germline TP53 Variant–Associated Li-Fraumeni Syndrome
Authors: Narasimhamurthy Mohan , Le Anh , Boruah Nabamita , Moses Renyta , Kelly Gregory , Bleiweiss Ira , Maxwell Kara N. , Nayak Anupma 
Published: December 2024

We present one of the largest cohorts of TP53-pathogenic germline variants (PGVs) associated with patients with Li-Fraumeni syndrome (n = 82) with breast tumors (19 to 76 y; median age: 35). Most had missense variants (77%), followed by large gene rearrangements (LGRs; 12%), truncating (6%), and splice-site (5%) variants. Twenty-one unique germline missense variants were found, with hotspots at codons 175, 181, 245, 248, 273, 334, and 337. Of 100 total breast tumors, 63% were invasive (mostly ductal), 30% pure ductal carcinoma in situ, 4% fibroepithelial lesions, and 3% with unknown histology. Unlike BRCA-associated tumors, approximately half of the breast cancers exhibited HER2-positivity, of which ~50% showed estrogen receptor coexpression. Pathology slides were available for review for 61 tumors (44 patients), and no significant correlation between the type of TP53 PGVs and histologic features was noted. High p53 immunohistochemistry expression (>50%) was seen in 67% of tumors tested (mostly missense variant). Null pattern (<1% cells) was seen in 2 (LGR and splicing variants carriers). Surprisingly, 2 tumors from patients with an LGR and 1 tumor from a patient with a truncating variant showed p53 overexpression (>50%). The subset of patients with the Brazilian p.R337H variant presented at a higher age than those with non-p.R337H variant (46 vs 35 y) though statistically insignificant (P = 0.071) due to an imbalance in the sample size, and were uniquely negative for HER2-overexpressing tumors. To conclude, breast cancer in carriers of TP53 PGVs has some unique clinicopathological features that suggest differential mechanisms of tumor formation. p53 immunohistochemistry cannot be used as a surrogate marker to identify germline TP53-mutated breast cancers.
PSMA Accumulation in Lower Extremity Lymphedema and Hydrocele
Authors: Tobar Merve Nida Calderon , Perktas Lutfi , Önner Hasan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The development of radiolabeled small-molecule prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) inhibitors has advanced molecular imaging in prostate cancer. The use of 177Lu-PSMA is especially beneficial because its therapeutic β-emission combined with γ-radiation enables precise treatment and comprehensive imaging in patients with prostate cancer. We present a case of a prostate cancer patient who developed lower extremity lymphedema and hydrocele secondary to prior radiotherapy. Posttherapy whole-body imaging following 177Lu-PSMA treatment revealed dermal backflow with a notable accumulation of soft tissue in the lower extremities and hydrocele.
Longitudinal Evaluation of FDG Uptake in a Synovial Herniation Pit in 8 Years
Authors: Wu Chenxi , Takalkar Amol Madan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Synovial herniation pit, also known as Pitt’s pit, is a benign osseous lesion incidentally seen on imaging studies. Most of them will not show FDG uptake, but some herniation pits could show intense FDG uptake on PET/CT scans mimicking osseous metastasis. Here we report a case of synovial herniation pit in a patient with T-cell lymphoma through 8-year trajectory of FDG PET/CT scans, revealing its changing FDG uptake in relation to chemotherapy and final outcome.
The optic nerve in spaceflight: novel concepts in the pathogenesis of optic disc edema in microgravity
Authors: Kadipasaoglu Cihan M. , Lee Virginia A. , Ong Joshua , Lee Andrew G. 
Published: December 2024

Purpose of review
Spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS) encompasses a unique constellation of neuro-ocular findings in astronauts, including optic disc edema (ODE), globe flattening, chorioretinal folds, and hyperopic refractive shift. Although there are numerous neuro-ocular findings in SANS, the purpose of this review is to describe the novel, emerging concepts of the pathogenesis for the ODE specifically in SANS.

Recent findings
While the initial hypotheses on the pathogenesis of ODE in SANS focused on possible elevated intracranial pressures (i.e., papilledema), the most prominent current hypothesis is microgravity-induced cephalad fluid shift. More recent studies however suggest that the pathogenesis of the ODE in SANS is likely multifactorial including possible underlying metabolic and genetic components.

Summary
We review the literature on ODE in SANS including recent work integrating the complex physiologic interactions of microgravity-induced disruption in intracerebral and intraocular fluid dynamics, vascular congestion, cellular stress responses, and genetic predisposition. We believe that the development of ODE in SANS is likely multifactorial in origin, and further understanding of the mechanical, cellular, metabolic, and genetic components is of utmost importance to develop future countermeasures in preparation for possible future crewed missions to the moon, the asteroid belt, and Mars.