bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analgesic Effects of Oxycodone Relative to Those of Sufentanil, in the Presence of Midazolam, During Endoscopic Injection Sclerotherapy for Patients With Cirrhosis and Esophageal Varices
Authors: Quan Zhefeng , Luo Chao , Chi Ping , Wang Lujie , He Haili 
Published: February 2018

BACKGROUND:
We evaluated the efficacy and gastroenterologist/patient satisfaction of midazolam combined with oxycodone, relative to that of midazolam combined with sufentanil, for anesthesia during endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS) in patients with cirrhosis and esophageal varices.

METHODS:
Patients with cirrhosis (20–69 years of age), body mass index, 18–25 kg/m2, American Society of Anesthesiology patient classification physical status I–II who underwent elective EIS were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups. In this prospective, double-blinded, randomized controlled trial, 1 group received midazolam and oxycodone (n = 64), and the other group received midazolam and sufentanil (n = 63). Primary and secondary outcome measures were compared between groups. The primary outcome measure was the incidence of hypoxia. Secondary outcome measures included perioperative limb movement, need for rescue analgesics, need for additional sedative propofol, specified adverse reactions (postoperative myoclonus, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and drowsiness), gastroenterologist satisfaction, and patient satisfaction with postoperative analgesia.

RESULTS:
Patients in the midazolam–oxycodone group had 32% fewer episodes of hypoxia than did those in the midazolam–sufentanil group (95% confidence interval [CI], –45% to –18%; P < .001), 36.73% fewer perioperative limb movements (95% CI, –51.73% to –21.73%; P < .001), 19.12% fewer required rescue analgesics (95% CI, –30.85% to –7.40%; P = .002), and less propofol requirement in the perioperative period (before EIS, –17.83%; 95% CI, –33.82% to –1.85%; P = .003; throughout EIS, –36.73%; 95% CI, –51.73% to –21.73%; P < .001). The incidence rates for adverse reactions were similar between groups. Both the gastroenterologist and patients reported higher degrees of satisfaction with oxycodone than with sufentanil.

CONCLUSIONS:
Oxycodone in combination with midazolam may provide an anesthetic technique that results in fewer episodes of hypoxia and other adverse conditions during EIS.
Neuraxial Anesthesia During Cesarean Delivery for Placenta Previa With Suspected Morbidly Adherent Placenta: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Markley John C. , Farber Michaela K. , Perlman Nicola C. , Carusi Daniela A. 
Published: February 2018

BACKGROUND:
General anesthesia (GA) is often selected for cesarean deliveries (CD) with placenta previa and suspected morbidly adherent placenta (MAP) due to increased risk of hemorrhage and hysterectomy. We reviewed maternal outcomes and risk factors for conversion to GA in a cohort of patients undergoing CD and hysterectomy under neuraxial anesthesia (NA).

METHODS:
We performed a single-center, retrospective cohort study of parturients undergoing nonemergent CD for placenta previa with suspected MAP from 1997 to 2015. Patients were classified according to whether they received GA, NA, or intraoperative conversion from NA to GA. The primary outcome measure was postoperative acuity, defined as the need for intensive care unit admission, arterial embolization, reoperation, or ongoing transfusion with ≥3 units packed red blood cells. We additionally identified variables positively associated with intraoperative conversion from NA to GA during hysterectomy. Confounding was controlled with logistic regression models.

RESULTS:
Of 129 patients undergoing nonemergent CD for placenta previa with suspected MAP, 122 (95%) received NA as the primary anesthetic. NA was selected in the majority of patients with a body mass index ≥40 kg/m2 (9 of 10, 90%), a history of ≥3 prior CDs (18 of 20, 90%), suspected placenta increta or percreta (29 of 35, 83%), and Mallampati classification ≥3 (19 of 21, 90%). Of 72 patients with NA at the time of delivery who required hysterectomy, 15 (21%) required conversion to GA intraoperatively. Converted patients had a higher rate of major packed red blood cell transfusion (60% vs 25%; P = .01), with similar rates of massive transfusion (9% vs 7%; P = 1.0). Converted patients also had a higher incidence of postoperative acuity (47% vs 4%; P < .0001), including 5 intensive care unit admissions for airway management after large-volume resuscitation. After adjusting for multiple confounders, the only independent predictors of conversion among hysterectomy patients were longer surgical duration (adjusted odds ratio 1.54, 95% CI, 1.01–2.42) and a history of ≥3 prior CDs (adjusted odds ratio, 6.45; 95% CI, 1.12–45.03).

CONCLUSIONS:
NA was applied to and successfully used in the majority of patients with suspected MAP. Our findings support selective conversion to GA during hysterectomy in these patients, focusing on those with the highest levels of surgical complexity.
Endoplasmic reticulum-to-Golgi transitions upon herpes virus infection
Authors: Wild Peter , Kaech Andres , Schraner Elisabeth M. , Walser Ladina , Ackermann Mathias 
Published: February 2018

Background: Herpesvirus capsids are assembled in the nucleus, translocated to the perinuclear space by budding, acquiring tegument and envelope, or released to the cytoplasm via impaired nuclear envelope. One model proposes that envelopment, “de-envelopment” and “re-envelopment” is essential for production of infectious virus. Glycoproteins gB/gH were reported to be essential for de-envelopment, by fusion of the “primary” envelope with the outer nuclear membrane. Yet, a high proportion of enveloped virions generated from genomes with deleted gB/gH were found in the cytoplasm and extracellular space, suggesting the existence of alternative exit routes.Methods: We investigated the relatedness between the nuclear envelope and membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex, in cells infected with either herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) or a Us3 deletion mutant thereof, or with bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) by transmission and scanning electron microscopy, employing freezing technique protocols.Results: The Golgi complex is a compact entity in a juxtanuclear position covered by a membrane on thecisface. Golgi membranes merge with membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum forming an entity with the perinuclear space. All compartments contained enveloped virions. After treatment with brefeldin A, HSV-1 virions aggregated in the perinuclear space and endoplasmic reticulum, while infectious progeny virus was still produced.Conclusions: The data suggest that virions derived by budding at nuclear membranes are intraluminally transported from the perinuclear space via Golgi -endoplasmic reticulum transitions into Golgi cisternae for packaging. Virions derived by budding at nuclear membranes are infective like Us3 deletion mutants, which accumulate in the perinuclear space. Therefore, i) de-envelopment followed by re-envelopment is not essential for production of infective progeny virus, ii) the process taking place at the outer nuclear membrane is budding not fusion, and iii) naked capsids gain access to the cytoplasmic matrix via impaired nuclear envelope as reported earlier.
Case Report: A rare case of prosthetic valve infective endocarditis caused by Aerococcus urinae
Authors: Adeel Muhammad , Tariq Saman , Akthar Hisham , Zaghloul Ahmed , Iorgoveanu Corina , Dehner Carina 
Published: February 2018

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a serious and life-threatening cardiac condition, most commonly caused by staphylococci, Streptococcus viridans, and enterococci. However, in special settings, IE can be caused by rare organisms. Here we present a case of IE caused by Aerococcus urinae in a 75-year-old man with a bioprosthetic aortic valve. Aerococcus urinae is a gram-positive, catalase-negative microorganism and is usually an isolate of complicated urinary tract infections in the elderly male population. . Improvements in diagnostic testing including use of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization– a time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) have played an important role in isolating Aerococcus.
The use of eHealth to promote physical activity in patients with mental health conditions: a systematic review
Authors: Moran Jonathan , Kelly Grainne , Haberlin Ciarán , Mockler David , Broderick Julie 
Published: February 2018

Background: Achieving adequate amounts of physical activity (PA) confers important physical and mental health benefits. Despite this, individuals with mental health conditions often do not meet recommended levels of PA. eHealth, the delivery of health information through internet and mobile technologies, is an emerging concept in healthcare which presents opportunities to improve PA in people with mental conditions. The aim of this systematic review is to explore if eHealth interventions increase PA levels among individuals with mental health conditions. Methods: Databases searched included OVID Medline, EMBASE, PsychInfo and Web of Science using a combination of key-words and medical subject headings. Articles were included if they described an eHealth intervention designed to improve PA in individuals with mental health conditions. Two reviewers screened articles for inclusion. Results: In total 2,994 articles were identified. Seven studies met the eligibility criteria. A variety of eHealth platforms designed to increase PA were described in these studies; web-based (n=4), web and mobile application (n=3) and e-mail-based (n=1), one study used both a web-based and mobile application. Three studies reported eHealth intervention significantly increased PA levels. Four studies reported that higher levels of PA resulted in improvements in mental health outcomes. Conclusion: eHealth interventions may be an innovative low cost method to increase PA levels which may have knock-on effects on mental health outcomes. Although some of the included studies in this review demonstrated promising results, methodological restrictions and potential biases from using subjective measures of PA limit the interpretability of these results. Future research should evaluate this nascent technology using well designed trials.
Promoting assisted decision-making in acute care settings for care planning purposes: Study protocol
Authors: O'Donnell Deirdre , Ní Shé Éidín , Davies Carmel , Donnelly Sarah , Cooney Therese , O'Coimin Diarmuid , O'Shea Diarmuid , Kyne Lorraine , O'Sullivan Diarmaid , Rock Bernadette , O'Shea Marie , McAuliffe Eilish , O'Shaughnessy Ann , Kroll Thilo 
Published: February 2018

Background: The Assisted Decision-Making (ADM) (Capacity) Act 2015 was enacted by Dáil Éireann in December 2015. The purpose of the act, as it applies to healthcare, is to promote the autonomy of persons in relation to their treatment choices, to enable them to be treated according to their will and preferences, and to provide healthcare professionals with important information about persons and their choices in relation to treatment. In practice, those patients with cognitive impairment, particularly dementia, and those with complex needs requiring composite decisions present the greatest challenge to healthcare professionals practicing in accordance with this legislation. Patients with complex needs requiring multifaceted decisions are often over 70 years of age and present in acute hospitals experiencing some form of cognitive impairment. Objectives: The aim of this project is to develop an educational tool which will promote understanding of ADM among healthcare professionals working in acute care settings, and encourage their adoption of this understanding into their care planning with older people. Research design: The study design for this project is mapped out over four consecutive work packages combining a multimethod approach including rapid realist review, qualitative exploration, participatory learning and action sets and intervention trialling and revision. This incremental and context sensitive approach to research design is appropriate for the exploration, development and evaluation of a complex behaviour change intervention. Conclusion: The targeted beneficiaries of this project are healthcare professionals working within acute care settings as well as older people and their family carers who are interacting with the acute care system. The potential impact is improved communication between healthcare professionals and their patients in relation to assisted decision-making and care planning. This educational intervention will be embedded into the pedagogic strategies of the RCPI in their postgraduate education curricula as well as the continuous professional development scheme.
Systematic review of spica casting for the treatment of paediatric diaphyseal femur fractures
Authors: Tisherman R. T. , Hoellwarth J. S. , Mendelson S. A. 
Published: February 2018

Purpose Paediatric femur fractures are commonly encountered and often successfully managed with spica casting. Despite spica casting's long history there is little formal guidance for optimal outcomes and no consolidation of existing literature. The purpose of this study is to review the available literature regarding the use of spica casting for the management of paediatric diaphyseal femur fractures. Methods The PubMed database was queried for all research articles including the phrase “spica”. A total of 788 abstracts were reviewed for relevance to the current study. Data was extracted from all available research studies which specified tolerance for fracture angulation or shortening in the cast. Additionally, all articles describing alternative materials, methods for spica application, and complications of spica casting were reviewed. Results In all, 106 articles were found relevant to the management of diaphyseal femur fractures in the paediatric population. The aggregated, accepted fracture shortening decreased from 16 mm to 18 mm before age ten years to 12 mm to 14 mm after puberty. Aggregated, accepted angulation decreased from 14° to 16° varus/valgus and 18° to 22° pro/recurvatum before age two years, to 6° to 8° and 10° to 12° by puberty, respectively. The overall reported complication rate was 19.6%, with the most common complication being skin compromise in 8.2% of patients, followed by unacceptable angulation at the fracture site in 4.2% of patients and excessive limb shortening in 1.9% of patients. Conclusion This article reviews the available spica casting literature and compiles the available data. Spica casting offers a safe, effective means for definitive management of paediatric diaphyseal femur fractures. Future research identifying the rate and pattern of remodelling as it relates to angulation and shortening at various patient ages, particularly beyond the aforementioned norms, would be valuable to identify true biological tolerances versus accepted expert opinion. Level of evidence Level II Review of level II evidence
James Benning, taxidermist
Authors: Davis Glyn 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
This essay explores the relationship between cinema and taxidermy, and some of the ways in which artists and experimental film-makers have used the moving image to engage with the ramifications of stuffing and preserving animals. It is argued that the taxidermied creature’s eerie mixture of death and life has particular resonance for film-makers with an interest in slowness and stasis. James Benning’s 2014 film natural history, which was shot behind the scenes at the Naturhistorisches Museum in Vienna, serves as a central focus. As with other films by Benning, natural history can be understood as both structuralist and a landscape film. The film is compared to works depicting stuffed animals by other experimental film-makers who explore stillness and slowness; it is proposed that such film-makers can be conceived of as taxidermists. Finally, the article looks at the complex relations between cinema, taxidermy and sound. The aural dimension of Benning’s film, missing from many other artists’ engagements with taxidermy, enables a richer exploration of its operations.
Grandfather’s pear: Some notes on Stephen Dwoskin’s archive and the role of auto/biography in his films
Authors: O’Donoghue Darragh 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
This article derives from the author’s research in the archive of artist and experimental film-maker Stephen Dwoskin (1939–2012). It represents the preliminary stages of a longer-term investigation and is a response to the specificity of Dwoskin’s work, its use of archival materials and its relation to the physical archive housed in the University of Reading. It emphasises the ‘autobiographical’ strand in Dwoskin’s filmography and offers readings of the films Trying to kiss the moon (1994) and Grandpère’s pear (2003). It proposes the usefulness of Dwoskin’s theory of ‘soft’ film-making, outlined in Film is... (1975), his study of international avant-garde cinema. To contextualise these late autobiographical films, the article also draws on the work of Dwoskin’s neighbour, friend, colleague and collaborator Laura Mulvey, in particular, the book Death 24x a second (2006), with its analysis of the relationship between the materiality of traditional film-making and the digital technology of the present.
Afterword: Some reflections on the engagement of feminism with film from the 1970s to the present day
Authors: Mulvey Laura 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
In response to the 2015 ‘Feminisms’ issue of MIRAJ (4:1&2), this article will discuss the development of feminist engagement with film over the last four decades (most particularly in the United Kingdom), beginning with its origins in the radical film practices of the 1970s and noting its variations across time according to changes in social conditions and mentalities. Reference will be made to Mulvey’s original moments of engagement with film and feminist theory, and their conversion into practice notably in her own film Riddles of the Sphinx (1977 with Peter Wollen) and Chantal Akerman’s Jeanne Dielman (1975), but the article will also comment on ways in which the MIRAJ issue opened up histories and perspectives that are less widely discussed in the literature. The relationship of feminism to economic and social exploitation will also be discussed and forms of resistance will be identified, particularly in the culture of collectivities. Finally, the psychoanalytic approach proposed by Elizabeth Cowie in relation to affect and ‘gap’ will enter the frame, while slowness and duration in early feminist film will lead into a deeper discussion of practice.
Karakter Fisiologi dan Pendugaan Heritabilitas Tanaman M1 Bawang Merah (Allium Ascalonicum L.) Hasil Induksi Iradiasi Sinar Gamma
Authors: Alfariatna Lika , Kusmiyati Florentina , Anwar Syaiful 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTThe aim of the research was to determine the physiological characters, heritability estimation, and information of lethal doses (LD50) of M1 onion plant induced by gamma ray irradiation. The research was arranged in monofactor experimental with Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with 6 treatments and 5 replication, each replication consisted of 5 onion bulbs was irradiated by gamma ray of 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 Gy. Parameters observed: the percentage of germination, chlorophyl content, nitrate reductase activity, heritability estimation and LD50. The data were analyzed by anova and followed by BNT 5% level. The result showed that irradiation significant affected to chlorophyl content and nitrate reductase activity. LD50 of onion is 7,64 Gy. Heritability value range from 52,22 – 80,51%. Keywords : Allium ascalonicum L.,irradiation, LD50, heritability
Additive Manufacturing: A next gen fabrication
Authors: Subhedar Prajakta 
Published: February 2018

A class of technologies referring to Rapid Prototyping (RP) or Additive or Layer Manufacturing or 3D Printing allows designers to quickly create tangible prototype instead of using two dimensional pictures. This technology produces models and prototype parts from 3D CAD model data created from 3D object digitizing systems. Rapid Prototyping forms parts by joining together liquid, powder or sheet materials. Physical models are built using three basic stages: pre-processing, building, post-processing. Pre-processing consists of generation of CAD model, convert into STL format and slice the STL files into cross sectional layers. In building process, construction of model takes place one layer atop another. Post process consists of cleaning and finishing the final model. Common types of Rapid Prototyping technologies popular in industry are: Steriolithography, Fused Deposition Modeling, Selective Laser Sintering, Laminated Object Manufacturing,3 D Printing. The selection of the processes depends upon the material to be cured to build the final model. Rapid Prototyping technologies are used in various industries like Automobiles, Consumer products, Medical, Academics, Aerospace, Government and Military. This poster talks about few challenges to be considered in Rapid Prototyping like shrinkage and distortion of final model, mechanical performance of RP model and limitations to mass quantity. : Layer Manufacturing, CAD Model, STL format, Steriolithography, Fused Deposition Modeling, Selective Laser Sintering.
Full-Scale Well Instrumented Large Diameter Bored Pile Load Test in Multi Layered Soil: A Case Study of Damietta Port New Grain Silos Project
Authors: Eid M. , Hefny A. , Sorour T. , Zagh Y. 
Published: February 2018

A Large diameter bored pile with diameter of 1.00 m and length of 34.00 m has been implemented in multi layered soil. The pile was tested under three axially loading and unloading cycles, in order to determine the load settlement curve and assess the ultimate pile capacity. Extensive investigation was carried out to obtain reliable soil properties at the examined pile location, through in situ and laboratory soil tests. Twelve strain gauges were fixed on pile steel reinforcement bars at top of each soil layer level. Moreover, four dial gauges were set up at pile head. Also, three telltales were extended to three different levels inside the pile. The pile load test field measurements are presented in the form of load settlement and load distribution curves for different loading steps. In addition, the pile ultimate capacity is calculated using different codes criterions and compared with the loading test results. Large diameter bored pile, Settlement, Pile load distribution, Pile installation, Instrumentation, Full scale pile load test, Pile behavior.
Utilization of Taguchi Approach to Investigate the Effects of Cutting Parameters on Surface Finish of AISI 1020 Steel while turning
Authors: Singh Mandeep , Kumar Ashwani 
Published: February 2018

To judge the success of a machining operation, surface finish of the machined parts is one of the important criteria. The value of optimum machining parameters (for better surface finish) can be either decided on the basis of a large number of experimental trails or design of experiments (DoE) can be used to predict the same with significantly lesser number of experimental trails. The aim of this work was to reveal the application of Taguchi method to study the effect of the machining/cutting parameters for surface finish during turning of AISI 1020 steel under different cutting environments. The results revealed that spindle speed was the most influential factor which affected surface roughness in dry turning as well as wet turning. However, depth of cut was second influential factor in dry turning but feed rate was more influential than depth of cut during wet turning Machining, Turning, Steel, Surface finish, Taguchi, Minitab, Anova