bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agile, on-demand wastewater surveillance of virus infections to support pandemic and outbreak response in Rotterdam-Rijnmond, the Netherlands, 2020 to 2022
Authors: Besijn Emma , Whelan Jane , Bijkerk Paul , Sips Gregorius J , Langeveld Jeroen , Izquierdo-Lara Ray W , van Baarle Elvira , Schilperoort Remy , Koopmans Marion P G , de Graaf Miranda , Medema Gertjan , Fanoy Ewout 
Published: November 2024

Background
Wastewater surveillance may support early and comprehensive detection of infectious diseases’ community transmission, particularly in settings where other health surveillance systems provide biased or limited information. Amid the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, deploying passive samplers to monitor targeted populations gained importance. Evaluation of the added public health value of this approach in the field can support its broader adoption.

Aim
We aimed to assess the feasibility and utility of on-demand wastewater surveillance, employing passive samplers, for SARS-CoV-2 and monkeypox virus (MPXV) in small/targeted populations, also considering ethical aspects.

Methods
Pilot case studies in the Rotterdam-Rijnmond region were used for a systematic assessment of the feasibility and utility of wastewater monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 (variants) and MPXV using passive sampling. Each case study was instigated by actual questions from the Public Health Service about disease transmission.

Results
Case study results demonstrated the feasibility and utility of on-demand wastewater surveillance with successful identification of a local peak in SARS-CoV-2 transmission, early detection of wider Omicron variant transmission after the first case was reported, as well as indication of no emerging local MPXV transmission. Ethical considerations led to the abandonment of one case study involving a displaced population.

Conclusions
The study confirms the feasibility and utility of passive sampling for real-time infectious disease surveillance, at desired spatiotemporal resolution. Ethical concerns and operational challenges were identified, highlighting the need for early stakeholder engagement and ethical guideline adherence. The method could be used to study under-surveyed populations and be extended beyond SARS-CoV-2 and MPXV to other pathogens.
Escherichia coli from six European countries reveals differences in profile and distribution of critical antimicrobial resistance determinants within One Health compartments, 2013 to 2020
Authors: Kaspersen Håkon P , Brouwer Michael SM , Nunez-Garcia Javier , Cárdenas-Rey Ingrid , AbuOun Manal , Duggett Nicholas , Ellaby Nicholas , Delgado-Blas Jose , Hammerl Jens A , Getino Maria , Serna Carlos , Naas Thierry , Veldman Kees T , Bossers Alex , Sunde Marianne , Mo Solveig S , Jørgensen Silje B , Ellington Matthew , Gonzalez-Zorn Bruno , La Ragione Roberto , Glaser Philippe , Anjum Muna F 
Published: November 2024

Background
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global threat. Monitoring using an integrated One Health approach is essential to detect changes in AMR occurrence.

Aim
We aimed to detect AMR genes in pathogenic and commensal Escherichia coli collected 2013–2020 within monitoring programmes and research from food animals, food (fresh retail raw meat) and humans in six European countries, to compare vertical and horizontal transmission.

Methods
We whole genome sequenced (WGS) 3,745 E. coli isolates, detected AMR genes using ResFinder and performed phylogenetic analysis to determine isolate relatedness and transmission. A BLASTn-based bioinformatic method compared draft IncI1 genomes to conserved plasmid references from Europe.

Results
Resistance genes to medically important antimicrobials (MIA) such as extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESC) were widespread but predicted resistance to MIAs authorised for human use (carbapenem, tigecycline) was detected only in two human and three cattle isolates. Phylogenetic analysis clustered E. coli according to phylogroups; commensal animal isolates showed greater diversity than those from human patients. Only 18 vertical animal-food and human-animal transmission events of E. coli clones were detected. However, IncI1 plasmids from different sources and/or countries carrying resistance to ESCs were conserved and widely distributed, although these variants were rarely detected in human pathogens.

Conclusion
Using WGS we demonstrated AMR is driven vertically and horizontally. Human clinical isolates were more closely related, but their IncI1 plasmids were more diverse, while animal or food isolates were less similar with more conserved IncI1 plasmids. These differences likely arose from variations in selective pressure, influencing AMR evolution and transmission.
Financial Behavior of Generation Z and Millennials
Authors: Pokharel Jhabindra , Maharjan Isha 
Published: November 2024

Purpose – Managing finances and making the right financial decisions are challenging for everyone worldwide, and wrong decisions by individuals may lead the whole economic system in the wrong direction. This paper aims to investigate behavioral aspects of individuals regarding their financial decision-making. Also, it examines the moderating role of generations on behavioral aspects affecting financial decision-making, taking into account Generation Z and Millennials.
Design/methodology/approach – Kathmandu valley, the capital city of Nepal, was selected as the study area for this research. Since this study aims to analyze the financial behavior of only two generations, individuals who fall under either of these generation groups and are actively involved in financial decision-making constitute the study population. The convenience sampling technique was used within each generation group to collect data. Four hundred and thirty-eight (438) usable data were collected through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, and hierarchical regression.
Findings and Conclusion – Supporting planned behavior theory and the generation cohort theory, the findings from this analysis demonstrated a significant positive effect of digital literacy, financial literacy, financial attitude, and risk tolerance on financial behavior. At the same time, the findings of this paper also stated that ethics has a significant impact on financial behavior, which supports the cognitive and emotional biases explained by behavioral theory. Furthermore, Generation Z and Millennials significantly differ in financial literacy, attitude, and ethics, shaping their financial behavior. However, this study could not find generation moderating the effect of risk tolerance and digital literacy on financial behavior.
Originality/Value - The findings of this paper contributed to the existing body of literature by validating behavioral finance and the theory of planned behavior, helping scholars gain more insights regarding the influence of financial constructs and ethics on financial behavior. Furthermore, the conclusions of this paper also validate the generation cohort theory, showing similar behavior in people of similar age or age groups. This study also explored behavioral differences between Generation Z and Millennials in Nepal, which was still to be explored.
Prescribing Pattern of Psychotropic Drugs in Bipolar Disorder in Mental Hospital, Lalitpur
Authors: Shrestha Sabin , Mahatara Deepti Kumari , Thapa Rahi Bikram , Adhikari Pharsuram , Baniya Deepti Piya , Khanal Dharma Prasad 
Published: November 2024

Background: Bipolar disorder is a chronic psychiatric condition associated with functional impairments, high morbidity, and an elevated suicide risk. The management of bipolar affective disorder (BPAD) heavily relies on psychotropic drug prescriptions. Analysing these prescribing patterns provides important insights into current treatment practices and helps optimize patient care.
Objective: To study the prescribing pattern of psychotropic drugs in patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder at the Mental Hospital, Lalitpur.
Method: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted over one month, including both inpatients and outpatients. Data were collected from 116 patients through a structured form, analysing socio-demographic characteristics and prescribed medications. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the results.
Results: Among the 116 patients, Most were female (53.4%) and aged 21 to 40 years (61.2%). Bipolar affective disorder with current episode mania and psychotic symptoms (F31.2) was the most frequently diagnosed type. Antipsychotics were the most frequently prescribed drug class (41.44%), followed by anticonvulsants (21.92%) and mood stabilizers (16.21%). Among antipsychotics, olanzapine was the most commonly prescribed (54.34%), while sodium valproate dominated the anticonvulsant class (93.15%).
Conclusion: The study highlights the widespread use of antipsychotics and sodium valproate in managing bipolar disorder in resource-limited settings like Nepal. These findings underscore the importance of optimizing drug prescriptions and involving clinical pharmacists to enhance patient outcomes. Further research is needed to assess the long-term effects of these prescribing patterns.
Nutritional Outcome Indicators among Under Five Children Associated with Households Environmental and Water Sanitation Practices: A Cross-sectional Study in Southern Nepal
Authors: Gupta Dipak Kumar , Paudel Deepak Raj , Sah Poonam Kumari , Sharma Prakash 
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Nutritional outcomes in children under five are influenced by household environmental and water sanitation practices. This study aimed to assess the relationship between these practices and nutritional outcomes (HAZ, WAZ, and WHZ) in Lakshminiya Rural Municipality, Nepal.
Materials and Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March to June 2021. The study included 308 children aged 6 to 59 months, selected using multistage random sampling. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews with mothers or primary caregiver and anthropometric measurements. Household sanitation indicators, such as improved sanitation, toilet conditions, waste disposal, and drinking water storage, were assessed. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 25, employing bivariate and multiple regression analyses to examine associations between household practices and nutritional outcomes.
Results: The study found that improved household sanitation was positively associated with HAZ and WAZ. Improved toilet presence was also significantly correlated with WAZ and HAZ, while the association with WHZ was not significant. Cleanliness around toilets showed no significant associations with any of the nutritional indicators. Waste disposal practices, such as composting or burning, had an inverse relationship with WAZ. Covered drinking water storage was positively associated with WAZ but had no significant effect on HAZ or WHZ.
Conclusions: Improved sanitation and covered drinking water storage are positively associated with better nutritional outcomes, particularly in HAZ and WAZ. These findings suggest the need for policies that promote improved sanitation and water storage practices to enhance child nutrition in rural Nepal.
Fatty Acid Alpha-oxidation and its Clinical Correlation
Authors: Prakash Satyam 
Published: November 2024

The human diet includes branched chain fatty acid phytanic acid (3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadecanoic acid) and the degradation of 2-hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA, the initial step in the oxidation of phytanic acid was investigated. But, the long-standing controversy about the mechanism and subcellular location of phytanic acid alpha-oxidation has been debated and remain incompletely understood. Phytanic acid is known to undergo one cycle of alpha-oxidation initially due to its methyl group at the beta-position. The metabolic pathway known as Alpha oxidation of fatty acid is important for the production of energy, the elimination of toxic metabolites, the metabolism of lipids, the regulation of fatty acid levels, and developmental processes. The resulting pristanic acid can undergo further oxidation through a peroxisomal process called beta oxidation. Throughout the years, even more diseases including the accumulation of phytanic acid along with other metabolites were documented. Numerous hereditary disorders that affect mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation, peroxisomal fatty acid beta-oxidation, or mitochondrial fatty acid alpha-oxidation have been found in humans. Defective alpha-oxidation in peroxisome biogenesis disorders causes phytanic acid levels to accumulate, resulting in Refsum disease, a rare autosomal recessive disorder. Only a few, unfavorable alternatives to treatment are available. The prognosis for Refsum disease is still not promising. Consequently, this brief review is to summarize the biochemistry of alpha fatty acid oxidation, the effects of the biochemical defect and its associated disease, and the clinical hallmarks of Refsum disease, which have been associated to the degradation of exogenous 3-methyl-branched fatty acid.
Kecerdasan Emosi dan Resiliensi Akademik Sebagai Prediktor Prestasi Akademik Mahasiswa
Authors: Fadli Rahman  , Elfandrian Putra  , Elis Yulia Ningsih  
Published: November 2024

Dalam konteks pendidikan tinggi di Indonesia, Indeks Prestasi Kumulatif (IPK) menjadi indikator utama dalam menilai keberhasilan akademik. Namun, tidak semua mahasiswa mampu mencapai prestasi akademik yang memuaskan, meskipun memiliki potensi yang memadai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kecerdasan emosi dan resiliensi akademik sebagai prediktor prestasi akademik pada mahasiswa Sarjana di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan teknik purposive sampling, dan teknik analisis data regresi logistik ordinal. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 425 mahasiswa dari berbagai program studi yang berpartisipasi secara sukarela. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, resiliensi akademik merupakan prediktor signifikan terhadap prestasi akademik dengan koefisien resiliensi akademik (0.050) dan kecerdasan emosi (-0.032) terhadap prestasi akademik. Pengembangan kecerdasan emosi dan resiliensi akademik harus seimbang untuk meningkatkan prestasi akademik agar tidak terlalu fokus pada aspek emosional dan interpersonal hingga mengabaikan pencapaian akademik.
Kata kunci: kecerdasan emosi, resiliensi akademik, prestasi akademik, mahasiswa
Cultura de compliance Corporativo. Retos para los procesos de educación empresarial
Authors: Vaudo Godina Liliana 
Published: November 2024

Introducción: El artículo busca explorar el impacto de la instrucción por competencias en el incremento de habilidades profesionales durante el desempeño en el ámbito corporativo, para lograr un verdadero vínculo comunicacional que permita alinear el desempeño empresarial con el logro de un intercambio comercial identificado con la correcta gestión de riesgos y las buenas prácticas empresariales. Metodología: Se emplea el análisis documental, analítico y exploratorio de textos, normas, datos derivados de estudiantes vinculados con el ámbito de formación superior empresarial, utilizando para ello un enfoque cualitativo. Resultados: Las instituciones de educación superior que preparan a los futuros profesionales para el ámbito corporativo, deben incluir actividades y recursos educativos que les permita desarrollar competencias profesionales que los haga capaces de implementar sistemas de gestión organizacional sostenibles y que impacten de modo positivo en el entorno y en la sociedad. Discusión: Del análisis de resultados surge la necesidad de formar en valores y principios a los futuros profesionales del ámbito empresarial para que se conviertan en edificadores de una cultura de cumplimiento. Conclusiones: La profesionlización empresarial presenta como retos la adquisición de competencias signadas por la sostenibilidad y la cultura de cumplimiento normativo para el logro de empresas socialmente responsables.
Connections and contradictions
Authors: Pusceddu Antonio Maria 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Eric Wolf is conventionally credited with reframing the term “political ecology” through the lens of political economy in the early 1970s. However, he never engaged with what by the 1980s was already a growing transdisciplinary field. An inspiring book in the genealogy of political ecology, Europe and the people without history said little about the emerging approach. Nevertheless, I argue that despite its limited focus on ecological issues, the book's vision and method can still provide insights for envisioning an anthropologically minded political ecology of value that combines the heuristic skills of ethnographic research with the systemic analysis of global capitalist-driven environmental change. To this end, the article brings Wolf's strategic use of Marxian frameworks into conversation with the Marxian ecological critique of value.
Discovery of novel metabolic biomarkers in blood serum for diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Zhao Yingxin , Villasante-Tezanos Alejandro , Miranda-Morales Ernesto G , Pappolla Miguel A , Fang Xiang 
Published: November 2024

Background Blood metabolites have emerged as promising candidates in the search for biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD), as evidence shows that various metabolic derangements contribute to neurodegeneration in AD. Objective We aim to identify metabolic biomarkers for AD diagnosis. Methods We conducted an in-depth analysis of the serum metabolome of AD patients and age, sex-matched cognitively unimpaired older adults using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. The biomarkers associated with AD were identified using machine learning algorithms. Results Using the discovery dataset and support vector machine (SVM) algorithm, we identified a panel of 14 metabolites predicting AD with a 1.00 area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC). The SVM model was tested against the verification dataset using an independent cohort and retained high predictive accuracy with a 0.97 AUC. Using the random forest (RF) algorithm, we identified a panel of 13 metabolites that predicted AD with a 0.96 AUC when tested against the verification dataset. Conclusions These findings pave the way for an efficient, blood-based diagnostic test for AD, holding promise for clinical screenings and diagnostic procedures.
Gonorrhoea in Poland in 2022
Authors: Zakrzewska Karolina , Niedźwiedzka-Stadnik Marta 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundIn 2022, gonorrhoea cases in EU/EEA countries returned to the pre-pandemic upward trend, reaching a new peak. During the third year of the COVID-19 pandemic, in February 2022, Russia's invasion of Ukraine led to mass migration.ObjectiveThis paper aims to summarize the epidemiological situation of gonorrhoea in Poland in
2022, a year characterized by dual crises.Material and methodsEpidemiological surveillance case-based data on gonorrhoea for 2022, incidence rates from bulletins (years 2013-2022), and the number of patients treated in dermatology-venereology clinics from the Statistical Bulletins of the MoH were compared with data from previous years.ResultsIn 2022, Poland experienced a rise in gonorrhoea cases, with 630 reported, a 20.7% increase from the pre-pandemic peak in 2019. The incidence rate was 3.22 per 100,000 men and 0.21 per 100,000 women, with significant regional variation (0.08-4.66/100,000). Over 20% of cases reported in 2022 were diagnosed in 2020-2021. Most patients were Polish (91%), and none of the cases involved refugees fleeing the Ukraine conflict. The median time from diagnosis to reporting was 11 days, with 75% of cases reported within 4 weeks. Most cases involved men (93.3%) and were most common in the 25-34 age group (42.9%). N. gonorrhoeae frequently affected the genitourinary tract (79.7%), followed by the rectum (10.1%) and the pharynx (9.9%). Two cases of ocular infections involved adults. Nearly half of the diagnoses in 2022 were made by dermato-venerologists (46%).ConclusionsThe COVID-19 pandemic caused delays in reporting cases of gonorrhoea. The war in Ukraine didn't impact the increase in 2022, suggesting that the actual number of infections among refugees remained undetected. Strengthening surveillance and local coordination is crucial to address these and future challenges. Healthcare workers (include surveillance) must provide complete and up-to-date epidemiological data for effective prevention. Public health measures should improved access to diagnostics, treatment, and post-exposure prophylaxis.
Optimization of carbon nutrition in order to protect grapevine genetic resources in the system in vitro
Authors: Pavlova I. A. , Lushchay E. A. , Abdurashitova A. S. , Klimenko V. P. , Grigorenko M. I. 
Published: November 2024

Relevance. Vegetative collection of in vitro plants of promising varieties, hybrids and clones of grapes was created in the Institute Magarach. Now it is relevant to study the possibility of using nutrient media, both with an increased concentration of sucrose and sucrose-free, for long-term non-replanting cultivation of grape plants in vitro.Methods. The aim of the study is to study the effect of carbohydrate nutrition for maintaining plant collection samples in vitro in conditions of slow growth and deep rest.Study materials were grape plants in vitro of wine varieties of the Institute Magarach breeding: Antei Magarachskiy, Granatovyi Magaracha, Pamyati Golodrigi. Cultivation was carried out on PG medium developed at the Institute Magarach; three medium variants were used: sucrose-free, 10 g/l (as a control), 60 g/l.Results. Grape plants, when cultivated in vitro for a long time on a sucrose-free, 10 mg/l and 60 mg/l sucrose media, retain their viability, while morphogenetic potential is better manifested on a sucrose-free medium. The absence of sucrose in the medium is not a limiting factor for morphogenesis of grape plants. It seems more promising to use a medium with sucrose concentration 60 mg/l for cultivating grape plants in the collection in vitro. To maintain the samples of the collection, a combined mode can be used, consisting of two stages of cultivation: the first is light with an intensity of 1000 lux under conditions of a 16-hour photoperiod at a temperature of +25–27 °C, the duration of the period is until the shoot is completely lignified; the second is at low positive temperatures of +2–4 °C in the dark. The period of non-replanting protection in a mixed regime will depend on the genetic specificity of a particular variety.