bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive factors of satisfaction and quality of life after immediate breast reconstruction using the BREAST‐Q©
Authors: Cereijo‐Garea Carmen , Pita‐Fernández Salvador , Acea‐Nebril Benigno , Rey‐Villar Raquel , García‐Novoa Alejandra , Varela‐Lamas Cristina , Builes‐Ramirez Sergio , Seoane‐Pillado Teresa , Balboa‐Barreiro Vanesa 
Published: February 2018

Aims and objectivesTo analyse quality of life and satisfaction after immediate breast reconstruction due to cancer and its determining factors.BackgroundStudying breast reconstruction is important because of its frequency and variability. In addition to the surgical results, it is necessary to analyse the quality of life and patient satisfaction using a specific tool.Design methodsAn ambispective design was used (n = 101; α = 0.05; precision = 10%), studying anthropometric, sociocultural data, Fagerström test and the BREAST‐Q© questionnaire. A logistic regression analysis was performed to identify variables associated with quality of life and satisfaction.ResultsMean age of the patients on diagnosis was 44.87 ± 8.5 years. Forty‐one of the patients were carried out a skin‐sparing mastectomy (42.7%). Immediate reconstruction was performed with implant in 73 (74.5%). The domains on the BREAST‐Q© for quality of life with the lowest scores were physical well‐being chest (74) and sexual well‐being (61.5). The satisfaction domain with the lowest score was with the breast (59). The variables associated with the worst quality of life in the physical well‐being chest domain were the skin‐sparing mastectomy (OR, 4.2; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.2–14.1) and lymphedema (OR, 12.9; 95% CI, 1.0–159.9). Antibody treatment was associated with a worse score on the psychosocial well‐being domain (OR, 4.25; 95% CI, 1.0–18.0) and sexual well‐being domain (OR, 7.34; 95% CI, 0.9–54.6). Satisfaction was associated with nicotine dependence on the breast and outcome scale. The higher the dependence on nicotine, the greater the dissatisfaction with the breasts (OR, 2.41; 95% CI, 1.1–5.3) and with the result (OR, 2.45; 95% CI, 1.0–5.9).ConclusionsThe type of treatment and lymphedema modify the patients’ quality of life. Nicotine dependence is associated with lower satisfaction with the breast and with the outcome.Relevance to clinical practiceThis study suggests the need for multidisciplinary attention during the first year of adjuvant treatment despite the benefits of immediate reconstruction. It shows the need for preoperative assessment of the level of nicotine dependence, anxiety and depression of smoking patients before preoperative counselling.
Organisational silence among nurses and physicians in public hospitals
Authors: Harmanci Seren Arzu Kader , Topcu İbrahim , Eskin Bacaksiz Feride , Unaldi Baydin Nihal , Tokgoz Ekici Emine , Yildirim Aytolan 
Published: February 2018

Aims and objectivesTo define the underlying reasons that lead physicians and nurses who provide patient care and treatment, to maintain silence in their work and how they perceive the consequences of such silence in public hospitals.BackgroundThe concept of organisational silence is described as employees’ avoidance of stating his/her opinions, thoughts and suggestions, which would improve the organisation and enable it to provide better processes or services. This concept has been examined more frequently in the international literature in the past decade, and it has drawn attention as one of the most important barriers to employees’ contributions to their organisation.DesignDescriptive and cross‐sectional study.MethodsThe study sample consisted of 601 physicians and nurses who work in five hospitals with bed capacities of 100 or more. The data were collected using a two‐part form: an introductory information form and an organisational silence scale.ResultsAdministrative and organisational topics were prominent among the reasons for employees of healthcare organisations to remain silent for both physicians and nurses.ConclusionsThe results of this study should be considered by physicians and nurses to realise and improve themselves. Also, decision makers and managers of public hospitals might evaluate and remove organisational and communicative barriers to employees’ contributions to their organisations based on these results.Relevance to clinical practicePhysicians and nurses are responsible for the fulfilment of highly important tasks for their organisations. Their contributions help their organisations remain competitive, improve the health services, ensure and sustain patient safety. Hence, these results will provide information to facilitate an understanding of the topics, causes and consequences of organisational silence among physicians and nurses, two key healthcare professions, and will be helpful in the development of medical and nursing human resources in clinical settings.
A rating instrument for fear of hospitalisation
Authors: Jankovic Slobodan M , Antonijevic Gordana V , Vasic Ivana R , Zivkovic‐Radojevic Marija N , Mirkovic Snjezana N , Nikolic Bosko V , Opancina Valentina D , Putnik Srdjan S , Radoicic Ljiljana R , Raspopovic Katarina M , Stanojevic Dragan R , Teofilov Sladjana D , Tomasevic Katarina V , Radonjic Vesela 
Published: February 2018

Aims and objectivesTo develop and validate a reliable instrument that can measure fear of hospitalisation experienced by outpatients.BackgroundAfter having a diagnosis established, some patients experience sense of fear, unpleasantness and embarrassment due to the possibility to be admitted to a hospital. Currently, there is no available instrument for measuring fear of hospitalisation.DesignCross‐sectional study for assessing reliability and validity of a questionnaire.MethodThe questionnaire with 17 items and answers according to the Likert scale was developed during two brainstorming sessions of the research team. Its reliability, validity and temporal stability were tested on the sample of 330 outpatients. The study was multicentric, involving patients from seven cities and three countries.ResultsFear of hospitalisation scale showed satisfactory reliability, when rated both by the investigators (Cronbach's alpha .799) and by the patients themselves (Cronbach's alpha .760). It is temporally stable, and both divergent and convergent validity tests had good results. Factorial analysis revealed three domains: fear of being injured, trust to medical staff and fear of losing privacy or autonomy.ConclusionsThis study developed new reliable and valid instrument for measuring fear of hospitalisation.Relevance to clinical practiceIdentification of patients with high level of fear of hospitalisation by this instrument should help clinicians to administer measures which may decrease fear and prevent avoidance of healthcare utilisation.
Fundamental care guided by the Careful Nursing Philosophy and Professional Practice Model©
Authors: Meehan Therese Connell , Timmins Fiona , Burke Jacqueline 
Published: February 2018

Aims and objectivesTo propose the Careful Nursing Philosophy and Professional Practice Model© as a conceptual and practice solution to current fundamental nursing care erosion and deficits.BackgroundThere is growing awareness of the crucial importance of fundamental care. Efforts are underway to heighten nurses’ awareness of values that motivate fundamental care and thereby increase their attention to effective provision of fundamental care. However, there remains a need for nursing frameworks which motivate nurses to bring fundamental care values to life in their practice and strengthen their commitment to provide fundamental care.DesignThis descriptive position paper builds on the Careful Nursing Philosophy and Professional Practice Model© (Careful Nursing). Careful Nursing elaborates explicit nursing values and addresses both relational and pragmatic aspects of nursing practice, offering an ideal guide to provision of fundamental nursing care.MethodA comparative alignment approach is used to review the capacity of Careful Nursing to address fundamentals of nursing care.ConclusionsCareful Nursing provides a value‐based comprehensive and practical framework which can strengthen clinical nurses’ ability to articulate and control their practice and, thereby, more effectively fulfil their responsibility to provide fundamental care and measure its effectiveness.Relevance to clinical practiceThis explicitly value‐based nursing philosophy and professional practice model offers nurses a comprehensive, pragmatic and engaging framework designed to strengthen their control over their practice and ability to provide high‐quality fundamental nursing care.
Steroid therapy in children with fulminant hepatitis A
Authors: Zakaria H. M. , Salem T. A. , El‐Araby H. A. , Salama R. M. , Elbadry D. Y. , Sira A. M. , Ali M. A. , Salem M. E. , Abd‐Alaaty B. M. , Goda S. S. , Eltaras S. M. , Khalil F. O. , Abou‐Zeinah S. S. , Sira M. M. 
Published: February 2018

SummaryFulminant hepatic failure is a life‐threatening disease. Hepatitis A virus (HAV) can cause fulminant hepatic failure and death in about 0.2% of cases. Extensive destruction of infected hepatocytes by immune‐mediated lysis is thought to be the cause. We aimed to evaluate the use of steroid therapy in children with fulminant HAV. This study included 33 children with fulminant HAV in two groups. Steroid group: comprised of 18 children who received prednisolone (1 mg/kg/d) or its equivalent dose of methylprednisolone, and the nonsteroid group: comprised another 15 children who did not receive steroid therapy. Age and sex were matched for both groups (P > .05), and they were comparable regarding baseline clinical and laboratory characteristics. Of the steroid group, 15 patients survived and 3 died, while in the nonsteroid group, 4 patients survived and 11 died (P = .001). Of the living patients, 15 of 19 (78.9%) received steroids while only 3 of 14 (21.4%) of the dead patients received steroids (P = .001). Stepwise regression analysis showed that steroid therapy was the only independent variable associated with recovery (P = .001). Steroid therapy in children with fulminant HAV associated significantly with improved outcome and survival. Future studies on a larger population size are strongly recommended.
DNA gyrase activity regulates DnaA‐dependent replication initiation in Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Samadpour A. N. , Merrikh H. 
Published: February 2018

SummaryIn bacteria, initiation of DNA replication requires the DnaA protein. Regulation of DnaA association and activity at the origin of replication, oriC, is the predominant mechanism of replication initiation control. One key feature known to be generally important for replication is DNA topology. Although there have been some suggestions that topology may impact replication initiation, whether this mechanism regulates DnaA‐mediated replication initiation is unclear. We found that the essential topoisomerase, DNA gyrase, is required for both proper binding of DnaA to oriC as well as control of initiation frequency in Bacillus subtilis. Furthermore, we found that the regulatory activity of gyrase in initiation is specific to DnaA and oriC. Cells initiating replication from a DnaA‐independent origin, oriN, are largely resistant to gyrase inhibition by novobiocin, even at concentrations that compromise survival by up to four orders of magnitude in oriC cells. Furthermore, inhibition of gyrase does not impact initiation frequency in oriN cells. Additionally, deletion or overexpression of the DnaA regulator, YabA, significantly modulates sensitivity to gyrase inhibition, but only in oriC and not oriN cells. We propose that gyrase is a negative regulator of DnaA‐dependent replication initiation from oriC, and that this regulatory mechanism is required for cell survival.
Drought stress and tree size determine stem CO2 efflux in a tropical forest
Authors: Rowland Lucy , da Costa Antonio C. L. , Oliveira Alex A. R. , Oliveira Rafael S. , Bittencourt Paulo L. , Costa Patricia B. , Giles Andre L. , Sosa Azul I. , Coughlin Ingrid , Godlee John L. , Vasconcelos Steel S. , Junior João A. S. , Ferreira Leandro V. , Mencuccini Maurizio , Meir Patrick 
Published: February 2018

Summary

CO2 efflux from stems (CO2_stem) accounts for a substantial fraction of tropical forest gross primary productivity, but the climate sensitivity of this flux remains poorly understood.

We present a study of tropical forest CO2_stem from 215 trees across wet and dry seasons, at the world's longest running tropical forest drought experiment site.

We show a 27% increase in wet season CO2_stem in the droughted forest relative to a control forest. This was driven by increasing CO2_stem in trees 10–40 cm diameter. Furthermore, we show that drought increases the proportion of maintenance to growth respiration in trees > 20 cm diameter, including large increases in maintenance respiration in the largest droughted trees, > 40 cm diameter. However, we found no clear taxonomic influence on CO2_stem and were unable to accurately predict how drought sensitivity altered ecosystem scale CO2_stem, due to substantial uncertainty introduced by contrasting methods previously employed to scale CO2_stem fluxes.

Our findings indicate that under future scenarios of elevated drought, increases in CO2_stem may augment carbon losses, weakening or potentially reversing the tropical forest carbon sink. However, due to substantial uncertainties in scaling CO2_stem fluxes, stand‐scale future estimates of changes in stem CO2 emissions remain highly uncertain.
Transplant‐related mortality and survival in children with malignancies treated with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. A multicenter analysis
Authors: Zaucha‐Prazmo Agnieszka , Gozdzik Jolanta , Debski Robert , Drabko Katarzyna , Sadurska Elzbieta , Kowalczyk Jerzy R. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe aim of the study was to assess the risk of TRM in pediatric patients treated for malignant disorders with allogeneic HSCT, according to different risk factors. The treatment outcome was analyzed in 299 pediatric patients treated in pediatric transplant departments from 2006 to 2015. To compare the outcome, patients were analyzed all together and in groups according to the diagnosis, age at transplant, donor type, disease status, stem cell source, and pediatric TRM score. At the end of the observation time, 82 patients were alive, 82 died, of which 40 due to transplant‐related reasons. The most frequently observed causes of TRM were toxic complications effecting with organ failure (38%), followed by infections (26%), PTLD (14.3%), and GvHD (16.7%). There was no statistical difference in the incidence of TRM depending on stem cell source (P = .209) and primary diagnosis (P = .301). According to TRM score, TRM was significantly higher in high‐risk group (P = .006). High‐risk patients had lower survival comparing to low/intermediate group (P = .0001). OS did not differ between ALL, AML, and MDS/JMML groups. The study confirmed the utility of factors included in TRM score stratification in assessing the risk of transplant procedure in pediatric patients transplanted for malignancies.
S‐Nitrosoglutathione works downstream of nitric oxide to mediate iron‐deficiency signaling in Arabidopsis
Authors: Kailasam Sakthivel , Wang Ying , Lo Jing‐Chi , Chang Hsin‐Fang , Yeh Kuo‐Chen 
Published: February 2018

SummaryIron (Fe) is essential for plant growth and development. Knowledge of Fe signaling, from the beginning of perception to activation of the uptake process, is critical for crop improvement. Here, by using chemical screening, we identified a small molecule 3‐amino‐N‐(3‐methylphenyl)thieno[2,3‐b]pyridine‐2‐carboxamide named R7 (‘R’ denoting repressor of IRON‐REGULATED TRANSPORTER 1), that modulates Fe homeostasis of Arabidopsis. R7 treatment led to reduced Fe levels in plants, thus causing severe chlorosis under Fe deficiency. Expression analysis of central transcription factors, FER‐LIKE IRON DEFICIENCY INDUCED TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR (FIT) and subgroup Ib basic helix–loop–helix (Ib bHLH) genes bHLH38/39/100/101, revealed that R7 targets the FIT‐dependent transcriptional pathway. Exogenously supplying S‐nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), but not other nitric oxide (NO) donors sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and S‐nitroso‐N‐acetyl‐dl‐penicillamine (SANP), alleviated the inhibitory effects of R7 on Fe homeostasis. R7 did not inhibit cellular levels of NO or glutathione but decreased GSNO level in roots. We demonstrate that NO is involved in regulating not only the FIT transcriptional network but also the Ib bHLH networks. In addition, GSNO, from S‐nitrosylation of glutathione, specifically mediates the Fe‐starvation signal to FIT, which is distinct from the NO to Ib bHLH signal. Our work dissects the molecular connection between NO and the Fe‐starvation response. We present a new signaling route whereby GSNO acts downstream of NO to trigger the Fe‐deficiency response in Arabidopsis.
The glycan‐dependent ERAD machinery degrades topologically diverse misfolded proteins
Authors: Shin Yun‐Ji , Vavra Ulrike , Veit Christiane , Strasser Richard 
Published: February 2018

SummaryMany soluble and integral membrane proteins fold in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) with the help of chaperones and folding factors. Despite these efforts, protein folding is intrinsically error prone and amino acid changes, alterations in post‐translational modifications or cellular stress can cause protein misfolding. Folding‐defective non‐native proteins are cleared from the ER and typically undergo ER‐associated degradation (ERAD). Here, we investigated whether different misfolded glycoproteins require the same set of ERAD factors and are directed to HRD1 complex‐mediated degradation in plants. We generated a series of glycoprotein ERAD substrates harboring a misfolded domain from Arabidopsis STRUBBELIG or the BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITVE 1 receptor fused to different membrane anchoring regions. We show that single pass and multispanning ERAD substrates are subjected to glycan‐dependent degradation by the HRD1 complex. However, the presence of a powerful ER exit signal in the multispanning ERAD substrates causes competition with ER quality control and targeting of misfolded glycoproteins to the vacuole. Our results demonstrate that the same machinery is used for degradation of topologically different misfolded glycoproteins in the ER of plants.
Genome sequence of M6, a diploid inbred clone of the high‐glycoalkaloid‐producing tuber‐bearing potato species Solanum chacoense, reveals residual heterozygosity
Authors: Leisner Courtney P. , Hamilton John P. , Crisovan Emily , Manrique‐Carpintero Norma C. , Marand Alexandre P. , Newton Linsey , Pham Gina M. , Jiang Jiming , Douches David S. , Jansky Shelley H. , Buell C. Robin 
Published: February 2018

SummaryCultivated potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a highly heterozygous autotetraploid that presents challenges in genome analyses and breeding. Wild potato species serve as a resource for the introgression of important agronomic traits into cultivated potato. One key species is Solanum chacoense and the diploid, inbred clone M6, which is self‐compatible and has desirable tuber market quality and disease resistance traits. Sequencing and assembly of the genome of the M6 clone of S. chacoense generated an assembly of 825 767 562 bp in 8260 scaffolds with an N50 scaffold size of 713 602 bp. Pseudomolecule construction anchored 508 Mb of the genome assembly into 12 chromosomes. Genome annotation yielded 49 124 high‐confidence gene models representing 37 740 genes. Comparative analyses of the M6 genome with six other Solanaceae species revealed a core set of 158 367 Solanaceae genes and 1897 genes unique to three potato species. Analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms across the M6 genome revealed enhanced residual heterozygosity on chromosomes 4, 8 and 9 relative to the other chromosomes. Access to the M6 genome provides a resource for identification of key genes for important agronomic traits and aids in genome‐enabled development of inbred diploid potatoes with the potential to accelerate potato breeding.
Staphylococcus aureus
HemX Modulates Glutamyl-tRNA Reductase Abundance To Regulate Heme Biosynthesis
Authors: Choby Jacob E. , Grunenwald Caroline M. , Celis Arianna I. , Gerdes Svetlana Y. , DuBois Jennifer L. , Skaar Eric P. 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT

Staphylococcus aureus
is responsible for a significant amount of devastating disease. Its ability to colonize the host and cause infection is supported by a variety of proteins that are dependent on the cofactor heme. Heme is a porphyrin used broadly across kingdoms and is synthesized
de novo
from common cellular precursors and iron. While heme is critical to bacterial physiology, it is also toxic in high concentrations, requiring that organisms encode regulatory processes to control heme homeostasis. In this work, we describe a posttranscriptional regulatory strategy in
S. aureus
heme biosynthesis. The first committed enzyme in the
S. aureus
heme biosynthetic pathway, glutamyl-tRNA reductase (GtrR), is regulated by heme abundance and the integral membrane protein HemX. GtrR abundance increases dramatically in response to heme deficiency, suggesting a mechanism by which
S. aureus
responds to the need to increase heme synthesis. Additionally, HemX is required to maintain low levels of GtrR in heme-proficient cells, and inactivation of
hemX
leads to increased heme synthesis. Excess heme synthesis in a Δ
hemX
mutant activates the staphylococcal heme stress response, suggesting that regulation of heme synthesis is critical to reduce self-imposed heme toxicity. Analysis of diverse organisms indicates that HemX is widely conserved among heme-synthesizing bacteria, suggesting that HemX is a common factor involved in the regulation of GtrR abundance. Together, this work demonstrates that
S. aureus
regulates heme synthesis by modulating GtrR abundance in response to heme deficiency and through the activity of the broadly conserved HemX.

IMPORTANCE
Staphylococcus aureus
is a leading cause of skin and soft tissue infections, endocarditis, bacteremia, and osteomyelitis, making it a critical health care concern. Development of new antimicrobials against
S. aureus
requires knowledge of the physiology that supports this organism’s pathogenesis. One component of staphylococcal physiology that contributes to growth and virulence is heme. Heme is a widely utilized cofactor that enables diverse chemical reactions across many enzyme families.
S. aureus
relies on many critical heme-dependent proteins and is sensitive to excess heme toxicity, suggesting
S. aureus
must maintain proper intracellular heme homeostasis. Because
S. aureus
provides heme for heme-dependent enzymes via synthesis from common precursors, we hypothesized that regulation of heme synthesis is one mechanism to maintain heme homeostasis. In this study, we identify that
S. aureus
posttranscriptionally regulates heme synthesis by restraining abundance of the first heme biosynthetic enzyme, GtrR, via heme and the broadly conserved membrane protein HemX.