bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel thiazole‐piperazine derivatives as potential cholinesterase inhibitors
Authors: Demirayak Şeref , Şahin Zafer , Ertaş Merve , Bülbül Emre Fatih , Bender Ceysu , Biltekin Sevde Nur , Berk Barkin , Sağlık Begüm Nurpelin , Levent Serkan , Yurttaş Leyla 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDementia is a cognitive disorder mostly associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) in addition to being seen in many other diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). The limited number of drugs is not sufficient to provide adequate improvement to increase the quality of life of patients suffering from this symptom; therefore, all treatment options should be evaluated in detail. In this study, new molecules, [2‐(4‐(2/3/4‐substituted phenyl)piperazin‐1‐yl)‐4‐phenylthiazol‐5‐yl][3/4‐substituted phenyl]methanone derivatives (1‐44), were obtained and analyzed in terms of their anticholinesterase activities. Kinetic mode and molecular interactions were also evaluated. An enzyme inhibition study was undertaken on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) using the Ellman method. Maestro program was used in molecular modeling studies. Forty‐four compounds were evaluated on AChE and BChE enzymes at 10−3 and 10−4 concentrations. The inhibition concentrations were calculated as 0.268μM to 2.104μM for six compounds (4, 5, 16, 27, 37, and 38) on AChE. Compound 5 including the 4‐methoxy substituent (IC50: 0.268μM) and compound 38 containing the 4‐methoxy and 3‐methyl substituents (IC50: 0.286μM) showed the highest AChE inhibitory activity. They were further examined in terms of hydrogen bonding with Arg296 and Ar‐Ar interaction with Trp286. The activity of compound 5 was also assessed in mixed‐type kinetic mode.
Creativity and Affective Temperament in Artistic and Non‐artistic Students: Different Temperaments are Related to Different Aspects of Creativity
Authors: Jaracz Marcin , Borkowska Alina 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe relationship between creativity and temperament has been well documented in studies with professional artists. This also pertains to affective temperaments which constitute the vulnerability to affective disorders. However, less is known about the contribution of particular temperaments to specific components of creativity, for example, ideational fluency, or originality of thinking. The aim of the present study was to assess affective temperaments and creativity in artistic and non‐artistic students. Ninety (39 artistic and 51 non‐artistic) students were enrolled in the study. Affective temperaments were evaluated by means of TEMPS‐A questionnaire. Creativity was measured with BWAS test assessing the originality of thinking and a sample of tasks derived from BIS battery, assessing ideational fluency. Artistic students showed higher rates of cyclothymic temperament. They also outperformed non‐artistic students in both domains of creativity. The originality of thinking correlated positively with the level of cyclothymic temperament, whereas ideational fluency was positively related to hyperthymic temperament. Ideational fluency also correlated with the level of parental education. Results indicate that creativity is related to temperaments underlying predisposition to bipolar affective disorder; however, different temperaments are related to different aspects of creativity.
Tephrochronological dating of paleoearthquakes in active volcanic arcs: A case of the Eastern Volcanic Front on the Kamchatka Peninsula (northwest Pacific)
Authors: Zelenin Egor , Kozhurin Andrey , Ponomareva Vera , Portnyagin Maxim 
Published: September 2019

AbstractInvestigation of active faults is crucial for the seismic hazard assessment and, in the case of volcanic belts, it provides a deeper understanding of the interactions between volcanism and tectonic faulting. In this study, we report the results of the first paleoseismological and tephrochronological investigation undertaken on Holocene faulting in Kamchatka's volcanic belts. The studied trenches and additional excavations are located along the axial fault zone of the Eastern Volcanic Front, where the earlier dated tephra layers provide a robust age control of the faulting events. Electron microprobe analysis of glass from 22 tephra samples permitted correlations among the disparate tephra profiles for constructing a summary tephra sequence. The latter, together with published geochronological data, allowed the construction of a Bayesian age model. Detailed examination of the tephra layers deformed by faulting allowed us to reconstruct and date six faulting events with the offsets of 1 to 20 cm indicating paleoearthquakes with magnitudes of Mw< 5.4. Holocene crustal seismicity of the Eastern Volcanic Front manifests temporal clustering rather than a uniform flux of events. However, no correlation between dated seismic events and the largest Holocene eruptions of proximal volcanoes was observed.
Olive oil characterization of cv. ‘Arauco’ harvested at different times in areas with early frost in Mendoza, Argentina
Authors: Trentacoste Eduardo R , Banco Adriana P , Piccoli Patricia N , Monasterio Romina P 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBACKGROUND‘Arauco’ is the only autochthonous olive cultivar from Argentina. Little has been reported so far regarding the management of this crop. In this work, variations in fruit and chemical characteristics of olives harvested over a wide range of dates and seasons are reported for this cultivar at two sites in Mendoza province in central west Argentina.RESULTSDuring the harvest periods studied, fruit oil content on a dry basis remained at its maximum and was stable, but fruit oil content on fresh basis increased as water content decreased with delay in harvest date. Harvest date affected the maturity index of fruits as well as the oxidative stability and phenolic content of oil. In contrast, the fatty acid profile was not consistently affected by harvest date. Environmental conditions, mainly the occurrence and intensity of frosts, strongly influenced oil quality as well as maturity with delay in harvest date.CONCLUSIONThe most appropriate harvest time to obtain Arauco oil with a high oil yield and good chemical quality was before mid‐May and with maturity index lower than 2. Fruits harvested after mid‐May were exposed to minimum temperatures between −1.2 °C and − 4.0 °C, producing oil with low phenolic compounds and oxidative stability. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Parasitic‐coupled high‐gain graphene antenna employed on PBG dielectric grating substrate for THz applications
Authors: Kushwaha Ritesh Kumar , Karuppanan P. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn THz frequency region, the high‐gain miniaturized patch antenna is essential to overcome the atmospheric losses. A novel dual‐band miniaturized graphene antenna array with parasitic‐coupled feed and mounted on PBG dielectric grating substrate is proposed in the operating frequency band from 0.85 to 1.04 THz. The analysis of graphene surface conductivity, surface wave polariton (SPP) of photonic band gap (PBG) substrate, and the dielectric grating substrate has been done for the verification of a projected design. Parametric analysis of PBG radius, periodic perturbation of dielectric grating substrate, and mutual coupling distance has been verified to achieve the enhanced radiation characteristics of the antenna. The minimum return loss of −52.58 dB, VSWR of 1.005, impedance bandwidth of 33.34 GHz, the peak gain of 16.4 dB, and peak directivity of 17 dBi has been observed for the projected design. The parasitic‐coupled method is suitable to reduce the complexity of the antenna array and proposed design is useful in imaging, security using spectroscopy, and wireless communication applications.
Reduced acquisition time for L‐shell x‐ray fluorescence computed tomography using polycapillary x‐ray optics
Authors: Vernekohl Don , Ahmad Moiz , Dai Xianjin , Zhao Wei , Cheng Kai , Xing Lei 
Published: September 2019

PurposeX‐ray fluorescence computed tomography (XFCT) is an emerging molecular imaging modality for preclinical and clinical applications with high atomic number contrast agents. XFCT allows detection of molecular biomarkers at tissue depths of 4–9 mm at L‐shell energies and several centimeters for K‐shell energies, while maintaining high spatial resolution. This is typically not possible for other molecular imaging modalities. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate XFCT imaging with reduced acquisition times. To accomplish this, x‐ray focusing polycapillary optics are utilized to simultaneously increase x‐ray fluence rate and spatial resolution in L‐shell XFCT imaging.Materials and methodsA prototype imaging system using a polycapillary focusing optic was demonstrated. The optic, which was custom‐designed for this prototype, provided a high fluence rate with a focal spot size of 2.6 mm at a source to isocenter distance of 3 cm with a ten times higher fluence rate compared to standard collimation. The study evaluates three different phantoms to explore different trade‐offs and limitations of L‐shell XFCT imaging. A low‐contrast gold phantom and a high‐contrast gold phantom, each with three target regions with gold concentrations of 60, 80, and 100 μg ml for low contrast and 200, 600, and 1000 μg ml for high contrast, and a mouse‐sized water phantom with gold concentrations between 300 and 500 μg ml were imaged. X‐ray fluorescence photons were measured using a silicon drift detector (SDD) with an energy resolution of 180 eV FWHM at an x‐ray energy of 11 keV. Images were reconstructed with an iterative image reconstruction algorithm and analyzed for contrast to noise ratio (CNR) and signal to noise ratio (SNR).ResultsThe XFCT data acquisition could be reduced from 17 h to under 1 h. The polycapillary x‐ray optic increases the x‐ray fluence rate and lowers the amount of background scatter which leads to reduced imaging time and improved sensitivity. The quantitative analysis of the reconstructed images validates that concentrations of 60 μg ml of gold can be visualized with L‐shell XFCT imaging. For a mouse‐sized phantom, a concentration of 300 μg ml gold was detected within a 66 min measurement.ConclusionsWith a high fluence rate pencil beam from a polycapillary x‐ray source, a reduction in signal integration time is achieved. It is presented that subtle amounts of contrast agents can be detected with L‐shell XFCT within biologically relevant time frames. Our basic measurements show that the polycapillary x‐ray source technology is appropriate to realize preclinical L‐shell XFCT imaging. The integration of more SDDs into the system will lower the dose and increase the sensitivity.
Quantification of cerebral perfusion and cerebrovascular reserve using Turbo‐QUASAR arterial spin labeling MRI
Authors: Zhao Moss Y. , Václavů Lena , Petersen Esben T. , Biemond Bart J. , Sokolska Magdalena J. , Suzuki Yuriko , Thomas David L. , Nederveen Aart J. , Chappell Michael A. 
Published: September 2019

PurposeTo compare cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebrovascular reserve (CVR) quantification from Turbo‐QUASAR (quantitative signal targeting with alternating radiofrequency labeling of arterial regions) arterial spin labeling (ASL) and single post‐labeling delay pseudo‐continuous ASL (PCASL).MethodsA model‐based method was developed to quantify CBF and arterial transit time (ATT) from Turbo‐QUASAR, including a correction for magnetization transfer effects caused by the repeated labeling pulses. Simulations were performed to assess the accuracy of the model‐based method. Data from an in vivo experiment conducted on a healthy cohort were retrospectively analyzed to compare the CBF and CVR (induced by acetazolamide) measurement from Turbo‐QUASAR and PCASL on the basis of global and regional differences. The quality of the two ASL data sets was examined using the coefficient of variation (CoV).ResultsThe model‐based method for Turbo‐QUASAR was accurate for CBF estimation (relative error was 8% for signal‐to‐noise ratio = 5) in simulations if the bolus duration was known. In the in vivo experiment, the mean global CVR estimated by Turbo‐QUASAR and PCASL was between 63% and 64% and not significantly different. Although global CBF values of the two ASL techniques were not significantly different, regional CBF differences were found in deep gray matter in both pre‐ and postacetazolamide conditions. The CoV of Turbo‐QUASAR data was significantly higher than PCASL.ConclusionBoth ASL techniques were effective for quantifying CBF and CVR, despite the regional differences observed. Although CBF estimated from Turbo‐QUASAR demonstrated a higher variability than PCASL, Turbo‐QUASAR offers the advantage of being able to measure and control for variation in ATT.
Iranian nurses' knowledge, attitude and behaviour on skin care, prevention and management of pressure injury: A descriptive cross‐sectional study
Authors: Lotfi Mojgan , Aghazadeh Ahmad Mirza , Asgarpour Hossein , Nobakht Afsaneh 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAimPressure injuries as an indicator measuring the quality of nursing care and patient safety is a major health care problem worldwide. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and behaviour of nurses in preventing pressure injuries.DesignDescriptive cross‐sectional study.MethodsThis descriptive cross‐sectional study enrolled 214 registered nurses in Iran. Patient satisfaction was assessed using pieker pressure ulcer knowledge test, attitude towards pressure ulcer tool and behaviour of pressure ulcer questionnaire. Data analysed by SPSSv.24 applying descriptive and inferential statistics.ResultsThe mean scores of knowledge, attitude and behaviour of nurses on the prevention of pressure injury were 27.24 (SD 5.23), 38.55 (SD 6.43) and 51.24 (SD 7.54), respectively. There was a correlation between knowledge, attitude and behaviour with the history of pressure injury training. Also, there was a significant relationship between knowledge with educational level and attitude with work experience. Knowledge, attitude and behaviour of nurses were in moderate level. Necessary measures to overcome problems such as the availability of pressure reducing equipments, motivating the nurses, eliminating the shortage of nurses and empowering nurses by holding practical workshops are important in providing patients safety.
Enhancing group‐based internet obesity treatment: A pilot RCT comparing video and text‐based chat
Authors: West Delia S. , Stansbury M. , Krukowski R. A. , Harvey J. 
Published: September 2019

SummaryObjectiveInternet delivery of behavioural weight control interventions offers potential for broad geographic reach and accessibility, but weight losses online fall short of those produced with the same programme delivered in‐person. This pilot study examined feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a video‐based platform for delivering weekly chat as part of a 6‐month, 24‐session online group behavioural weight control programme compared with the established text‐based format, which has produced the best online weight losses to date.MethodWomen with obesity (N = 32) were randomized to either (a) weekly video group chat sessions and provided with a cellular‐enabled scale (Video) or (b) Text‐based weekly chat sessions and given a digital scale (Text) and followed for 6 months to determine weight loss and treatment engagement.ResultsWomen randomized to the ideo condition lost more weight than those in the Text condition (−5.0 ± 6.0% vs. −3.0 ± 4.1%, respectively) at 6 months, although the difference was not statistically significant. However, women in the Video condition had significantly greater treatment engagement, with greater self‐monitoring and website utilization than those in the Text condition.ConclusionsVideoconference delivery of group‐based online weight control accompanied by a cellular‐connected scale may promote greater treatment engagement and weight loss than text‐based chat. A larger, adequately powered study is warranted to determine which elements drive these enhanced treatment outcomes.
Towards a circular supply chain for PV modules: Review of today's challenges in PV recycling, refurbishment and re‐certification
Authors: Tsanakas John A. , van der Heide Arvid , Radavičius Tadas , Denafas Julius , Lemaire Elisabeth , Wang Ke , Poortmans Jef , Voroshazi Eszter 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPhotovoltaic (PV) waste, associated to the exponentially growing PV installations on global scale, presents today an emerging environmental challenge but also brings unprecedented and multifold value creation opportunities. In this context, significant PV business and research and development (R&D) efforts shift towards establishing a more sustainable, environmentally friendly and economically viable end‐of‐life (EoL) management for PV modules: including recycling, recovery of raw materials, repair/refurbishment and even re‐use of decommissioned or failed PV modules. In the CIRCUSOL project, PV partners aspire to formalize the repair/refurbish and re‐use value chains in the PV industry and propose a circular business model, based on a product‐service system (PSS). Towards these goals, this review study introduces the relevant research groundwork, a status overview and today's R&D and business challenges in PV recycling, repair/refurbishment and re‐certification aspects for second‐life PV modules. The topics and the relevant reported literature are examined from both circular economy and technology perspective. The review indicates a considerable technological and operational know‐how in PV EoL management that already exists and continuously evolves in mature PV markets. On the other hand, R&D in repair/refurbishment of decommissioned and/or failed PV modules remains scarce, and best practices and commercial services for reliability testing/re‐certification and trading of second‐life PV modules are neither standardized nor consolidated into any PSS or business model.
The Tumor Suppressor SCRIB is a Negative Modulator of the Wnt/β‐Catenin Signaling Pathway
Authors: Daulat Avais M. , Wagner Mônica Silveira , Walton Alexandra , Baudelet Emilie , Audebert Stéphane , Camoin Luc , Borg Jean‐Paul 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSCRIB is a scaffold protein containing leucine‐rich repeats (LRR) and PSD‐95/Dlg‐A/ZO‐1 domains (PDZ) that localizes at the basolateral membranes of polarized epithelial cells. Deregulation of its expression or localization leads to epithelial defects and tumorigenesis in part as a consequence of its repressive role on several signaling pathways including AKT, ERK, and HIPPO. In the present work, a proteomic approach is used to characterize the protein complexes associated to SCRIB and its paralogue LANO. Common and specific sets of proteins associated to SCRIB and LANO by MS are identified and an extensive landscape of their associated networks and the first comparative analysis of their respective interactomes are provided. Under proteasome inhibition, it is further found that SCRIB is associated to the β‐catenin destruction complex that is central in Wnt/β‐catenin signaling, a conserved pathway regulating embryonic development and cancer progression. It is shown that the SCRIB/β‐catenin interaction is potentiated upon Wnt3a stimulation and that SCRIB plays a repressing role on Wnt signaling. The data thus provide evidence for the importance of SCRIB in the regulation of the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway.
Analysis of different evaluation indexes for prostate stereotactic body radiation therapy plans: conformity index, homogeneity index and gradient index
Authors: Cao Tingting , Dai Zhitao , Ding Zhen , Li Wuzhou , Quan Hong 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis study analyzed different definitions of the conformity index (CI), homogeneity index (HI), and gradient index (GI) used in evaluation of prostate cancer stereotactic body radiation therapy.MethodsA total of 10 patients with localized prostate cancer staged T1–T2a were selected randomly, from which two stereotactic body radiation therapy plans were designed with CyberKnife and EDGE systems for each patient based on the same images and contours. CI, HI, and GI with different definitions were calculated based on a dose‐volume histogram of treatment plans.ResultsFor four definitions of CI, the results showed that the values calculated by the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group, Lomax and Scheib, and Van't Riet were closer to 1 for EDGE plans, except for that by the Saint‐Anne, Lariboisiere, and Tenon group. Meanwhile, CI values of Van't Riet et al were lower than other definitions, which showed high accuracy to describe the conformity between the target volume and prescribed isodose line. For five definitions of HI, CyberKnife plans showed lower values than EDGE plans. HI calculated based on the D2 (D5) and D98 (D95) were lower than that calculated by the Dmax to Dmin, whereas the standard deviation was higher than others. For the dose GI, the results of effective radius and modified GI showed that EDGE plans had a steeper dose fall‐off, which is inverse to the conventional GI.ConclusionsThese indexes can all be objective tools for the evaluation of plan quality. Our results showed better conformity of dose distribution and dose gradient for EDGE plans, but better uniformity for CyberKnife plans. The conformation number and S‐index were recommended to accurately describe the conformity and uniformity of dose distribution. The ∆Riso and modified GI were also recommended to calculate the dose gradient.
Planetary geostrophic Boussinesq dynamics: Barotropic flow, baroclinic instability and forced stationary waves
Authors: Dolaptchiev Stamen I. , Achatz Ulrich , Reitz Thomas 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMotions on planetary spatial scales in the atmosphere are governed by the planetary geostrophic equations. However, little attention has been paid to the interaction between the baroclinic and barotropic flows within the planetary geostrophic scaling. This is the focus of the present study, which utilizes planetary geostrophic equations for a Boussinesq fluid supplemented by a novel evolution equation for the barotropic flow. The latter is affected by meridional momentum flux due to baroclinic flow and drag by the surface wind. The barotropic wind, on the other hand, affects the baroclinic flow through buoyancy advection. Via a relaxation towards a prescribed buoyancy profile the model produces realistic major features of the zonally symmetric wind and temperature fields. We show that there is considerable cancellation between the barotropic and the baroclinic surface zonal mean zonal winds. Linear and nonlinear model responses to steady diabatic zonally asymmetric forcing are investigated, and the arising stationary waves are interpreted in terms of analytical solutions. We also study the problem of baroclinic instability on the sphere within the present model.