bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between joint surgery and quality of life in adults with arthrogryposis: An international study
Authors: Sawatzky Bonita , Jones Talon , Miller Rebecca , Noureai Hirmand 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIndividuals with Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita (AMC) are born with multiple joint contractures in multiple body areas, typically manifested as clubfeet, extended or flexed knees and/or elbows, and internal shoulder rotation, and clasped hands. They require multiple surgeries as children, but there is little data that reports their aging and future quality of life (QOL). This study describes the relationship between AMC‐related surgically‐managed joints in childhood and adulthood, and QOL as adults. Participants (n = 83) from 14 countries completed an online questionnaire followed by a telephone/Skype interview as adults. Data points collected regarding total number of surgeries, affected joints, country of origin, sex, age, and SF‐36's Physical Capacity Score (PCS) for QOL were analyzed using a beta regression model to explore which factors may potentially influence adult QOL. The average number of surgeries per participant was 9.8, with at least 50% performed during childhood. 78, 45, and 31% of participants had foot, knee, and hip surgeries, respectively. The model demonstrated that knee and/or shoulder surgeries were more likely to have a negative correlation with PCS; elbow surgery, however, showed a positive correlation, as elbow function may impact independent function. However, future expansion of this data set to a longitudinal registry would provide better ongoing surgery‐specific data.
Cell therapy stimulates bone neoformation in calvaria defects in rats subjected to local irradiation
Authors: Sório Ana Luisa Riul , Vargas‐Sanchez Paula Katherine , Fernandes Roger Rodrigo , Pitol Dimitrius Leonardo , de Sousa Luiz Gustavo , Bianchini Adriano Luiz Balthazar , de Melo Geraldo Batista , Siessere Selma , Bombonato‐Prado Karina Fittipaldi 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of the study was to analyze the effect of cell therapy on the repair process in calvaria defects in rats subjected to irradiation.MethodsBone marrow mesenchymal cells were characterized for osteoblastic phenotype. Calvariae of male Wistar rats were irradiated (20 Gy) and, after 4 weeks, osteoblastic cells were placed in surgically created defects in irradiated (IRC) and control animals (CC), paired with untreated irradiated (IR) and control (C) animals. After 30 days, histological and microtomographic evaluation was performed to establish significant (P < 0.05) differences among the groups.ResultsHigher alkaline phosphatase detection and activity, along with an increase in mineralized nodules, in the IRC, C and CC groups compared to the IR group, confirmed an osteoblastic phenotype. Histology showed impaired bone neoformation following irradiation, affecting bone marrow composition. Cell therapy in the IRC group improved bone neoformation compared to the IR group. Microtomography revealed increased bone volume, bone surface and trabecular number in IRC group compared to the IR group.ConclusionCell therapy may improve bone neoformation in defects created after irradiation.
Reply to Correspondence on “Core Electron Topologies in Chemical Compounds: Case Study of Carbon versus Silicon”
Authors: Yoshida Daisuke , Raebiger Hannes , Shudo Ken‐ichi 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn their Correspondence, von Szentpály, Schwarz, Stoll, and Werner claim that the main conclusions of our Communication previously published in this journal are based on computational artifacts and oversimplified models. We clarify the justification of our simple one‐electron model to describe one‐electron physics, and refute their criticism based on what they call “computational artifacts.” We remind that our main conclusion on the crucial role of qualitative changes in core electron wavefunctions is evidenced not only by wavefunction topologies the complainants cling to, but also by several other physical observables, which remain unrefuted. Hence, the conclusions of our original Communication stand.
Synthesis of nano‐sized magnetite mesoporous carbon for removal of Reactive Yellow dye from aqueous solutions
Authors: Toutounchi Sanaz , Shariati Shahab , Mahanpoor Kazem 
Published: July 2019

In this study, core‐shell structures of magnetite nanoparticles coated with CMK‐8 ordered mesoporous carbon (Fe3O4@SiO2‐CMK‐8 NPs) have been successfully synthesized for the first time by carbonizing sucrose inside the pores of the Kit‐6 mesoporous silica. The nano‐sized mesoporous particles were characterized by X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform‐infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, dynamic light scattering, vibrating‐sample magnetometer, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) and transmission electron microscopy instruments. The obtained nanocomposite was used for removal of Reactive Yellow 160 (RY 160) dye from aqueous samples. The N2 adsorption–desorption method (at 77 K) confirmed the mesoporous structure of synthesized Fe3O4@SiO2‐CMK‐8 NPs. Also, the surface area was calculated by the BET method and Langmuir plot as 276.84 m2/g and 352.32 m2/g, respectively. The surface area, volume and pore diameter of synthesized nanoparticles (NPs) were calculated from the pore size distribution curves using the Barrett–Joyner–Halenda formula (BJH). To obtain the optimum experimental variables, the effect of various experimental parameters on the dye removal efficiency was studied using Taguchi orthogonal array experimental design method. According to the experimental results, about 90.0% of RY 160 was removed from aqueous solutions at the adsorbent amount of 0.06 g, pH 3 and ionic strength = 0.05 m during 10 min. The pseudo‐second order kinetic model provided a very good fit for the RY 160 dye removal (R2 = 0.999). The Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich models were applied to describe the equilibrium isotherms, and the Langmuir isotherm showed the best fit to data with the maximum adsorption capacity of 62.893 mg/g. Furthermore, the Fe3O4@SiO2‐CMK‐8 NPs could be simply recovered by external magnet, and exhibited recyclability and reusability for a subsequent six runs.
Structural, spectroscopic, molecular docking, thermal and DFT studies on metal complexes of bidentate orthoquinone ligand
Authors: Zayed Ehab M. , El‐Samahy Fatma A. , Mohamed Gehad G. 
Published: July 2019

4‐Triphenylmethyl‐1,2‐benzoquinone (TPMBQ) reacted with some metal ions and the structure of the new compounds had been identified. The metal to ligand ratio was 1:2 which was revealed by elemental analysis. The complexes were found to have octahedral geometry and their thermal stability was studied using thermogravimetric analysis technique. The molar conductance measurements revealed the electrolytic nature of the synthesized chelates. The IR spectra concluded the bidentate nature of the TPMBQ ligand while the 1H NMR revealed the presence of water molecules. The XRD spectra of Mn (II) and Fe (III) complexes concluded their crystalline structure while Co (II) and Cu (II) chelates refer to amorphous structures. The geometries of the TPMBQ ligand were optimized using Gaussian 09 W; density functional theory B3LYP method. (DFT)/basis set 6–311++G (d, p). HOMO and LUMO energy values for chelates, chemical hardness and electro‐negativity had been calculated. The ligand and its metal complexes had been examined against different kinds of bacteria such as Proteus vulgaris, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aurous and Bacillus subtitles to examine their antimicrobial activity. Molecular docking using Auto Dock tools were utilized.
Ultrasonic assisted synthesis of nanocrystalline cellulose as support and reducing agent for Ag nanoparticles: green synthesis and novel effective nanocatalyst for degradation of organic dyes
Authors: Heidari Hannaneh , Karbalaee Melika 
Published: July 2019

In this study, nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) prepared from microcrystalline cellulose using high‐intensity ultrasonication as mechanical method without any chemical treatment. The obtained NCC with around 30–50 nm diameters, utilized as support, reducing and stabilizing agent for in‐situ green and eco‐friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs). The catalytic activity of composite was examined for degradation of environmental pollutants. The structure of as‐synthesized composite (Ag@NCC) was characterized by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–vis), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM); Transmission electron microscopy (TEM); Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results of the catalytic reaction experiments showed that spherically shaped silver nanoparticles of around 20 nm distributed on the surface of nanocellulose demonstrated high catalytic efficiency towards the removal of methyl orange (MO) and 4‐nitrophenol (4‐NP).
Specific Heat Capacity Measurements of Frying Oil Using Modulated Differential Scanning Calorimetry
Authors: Chen Fangfang , Zhao Tingting , Liang Junmei , Cao Wenming , Jiang Yuanrong , Xu Xuebing 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe specific heat capacity (cp) of frying oils is of practical importance in engineering work associated with refining operations and the thermal resistance during application. The objective of this study was to use modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC) to measure the specific heat capacity of frying oil. Samples were exposed to a cyclic heating profile that was generated by a linear heating rate while simultaneously superimposing a sinusoidally varying time–temperature wave. The cp variation of three commercial frying oils during frying was tested over a temperature range between 0 and 250 °C, and the correlation of cp with triacylglycerol (TAG) polymer contents, total polar compounds (TPC), and polar fractions was studied. Results indicated that the specific heat capacity of frying oils increased linearly as temperature increased. During frying, cp had a positive relation with TAG polymers and TPC at the beginning, but finally decreased when frying ended. This was possibly associated with the variation of polar fractions as frying continued. The large molecular compounds and small molecular compounds of polar fractions were considered to contribute oppositely to cp, which led to its final decrease.
Using expert opinion to identify and determine the relative impact of threats to sea turtles in Mozambique
Authors: Williams Jessica L. , Pierce Simon J. , Hamann Mark , Fuentes Mariana M.P.B. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Although robust and consistent long‐term datasets are lacking, it is commonly accepted that sea turtle populations face significant human threats while using Mozambique's coastal habitats. While multiple threats have been identified, their relative impact – and thus the ability to prioritize limited conservation resources – is poorly known.
To obtain a better understanding of these threats, information from experts was elicited through a semi‐structured survey using open and closed‐ended questions. Experts in research, conservation and management of sea turtles were identified and asked to identify key threats and to complete pairwise comparison matrixes to determine the relative weight (w) of each threat (13 criterion, n = 24 questions).
Weights for the perceived impact of threats were calculated from scores given in the pair‐wise matrix using the analytic hierarchy process. Responses (n = 18) to open‐ended survey questions were thematically coded and discussed according to common themes (e.g. extent of knowledge, limitations, conservation management tools) identified.
Bycatch from commercial trawling (w = 13.65), artisanal fishing (w = 12.30) and hunting of nesting turtles (w = 11.33) were the top threats identified, in order of relative impact. While two of the three top threats are widely distributed and likely to be logistically and resource intensive to address, the top‐scoring threat, ‘bycatch from commercial trawling', is a clearly defined target for conservation intervention.
Given a lack of baseline or published data, soliciting expert opinion was an efficient way to identify emergent threats, along with the success and limiting factors influencing sea turtle conservation in a developing nation.
The methodology and technique implemented here are transferable. Expert surveys can provide valuable insights in locations with similar socio‐economic environments and limited empirical data to help clarify the relative impact of various threats.
The Frontoparietal Fossa and Dorsotemporal Fenestra of Archosaurs and Their Significance for Interpretations of Vascular and Muscular Anatomy in Dinosaurs
Authors: Holliday Casey M. , Porter William Ruger , Vliet Kent A. , Witmer Lawrence M. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTThe attachments of jaw muscles are typically implicated in the evolution and shape of the dorsotemporal fenestra on the skull roof of amniotes. However, the dorsotemporal fenestrae of many archosaurian reptiles possess smooth excavations rostral and dorsal to the dorsotemporal fossa which closely neighbors the dorsotemporal fenestra and jaw muscle attachments. Previous research has typically identified this region, here termed the frontoparietal fossa, to also have attachment surfaces for jaw‐closing muscles. However, numerous observations of extant and extinct archosaurs described here suggest that other tissues are instead responsible for the size and shape of the frontoparietal fossa. This study reviewed the anatomical evidence that support soft‐tissue hypotheses of the frontoparietal fossa and its phylogenetic distribution among sauropsids. Soft‐tissue hypotheses (i.e., muscle, pneumatic sinus, vascular tissues) were analyzed using anatomical, imaging and in vivo thermography techniques within a phylogenetic framework using extant and extinct taxa to determine the inferential power underlying the reconstruction of the soft tissues in the skull roofs of dinosaurs, pseudosuchians, and other reptiles. Relevant anatomical features argue for rejection of the default hypothesis—that the fossa was muscular—due to a complete lack of osteological correlates reflective of muscle attachment. The most‐supported inference of soft tissues is that the frontoparietal fossa contained a large vascular structure and adipose tissue. Despite the large sizes and diverse morphologies of these fossae found among dinosaur taxa, these data suggest that non‐avian dinosaurs had the anatomical foundation to support physiologically significant vascular devices and/or vascular integumentary structures on their skull roofs. Anat Rec, 303:1060–1074, 2020. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Palatal Biomechanics and Its Significance for Cranial Kinesis inTyrannosaurus rex
Authors: Cost Ian N. , Middleton Kevin M. , Sellers Kaleb C. , Echols Michael Scott , Witmer Lawrence M. , Davis Julian L. , Holliday Casey M. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTThe extinct nonavian dinosaurTyrannosaurus rex, considered one of the hardest biting animals ever, is often hypothesized to have exhibited cranial kinesis, or, mobility of cranial joints relative to the braincase. Cranial kinesis inT.rexis a biomechanical paradox in that forcefully biting tetrapods usually possess rigid skulls instead of skulls with movable joints. We tested the biomechanical performance of a tyrannosaur skull using a series of static positions mimicking possible excursions of the palate to evaluate Postural Kinetic Competency inTyrannosaurus. A functional extant phylogenetic bracket was employed using taxa, which exhibit measurable palatal excursions:Psittacus erithacus(fore–aft movement) andGekko gecko(mediolateral movement). Static finite element models ofPsittacus,Gekko, andTyrannosauruswere constructed and tested with different palatal postures using anatomically informed material properties, loaded with muscle forces derived from dissection, phylogenetic bracketing, and a sensitivity analysis of muscle architecture and tested in orthal biting simulations using element strain as a proxy for model performance. Extant species models showed lower strains in naturally occurring postures compared to alternatives. We found that fore–aft and neutral models ofTyrannosaurusexperienced lower overall strains than mediolaterally shifted models. Protractor muscles dampened palatal strains, while occipital constraints increased strains about palatocranial joints compared to jaw joint constraints. These loading behaviors suggest that even small excursions can strain elements beyond structural failure. Thus, these postural tests of kinesis, along with the robusticity of other cranial features, suggest that the skull ofTyrannosauruswas functionally akinetic. Anat Rec, 303:999–1017, 2020. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Observer‐based control of a photovoltaic DC–DC buck converter: HDS approach
Authors: Ali Dali , Said Diaf , Mohamed Tadjine 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this paper, a new observer‐based controller is proposed for a photovoltaic DC–DC buck converter; both photovoltaic (PV) voltage and current regulation are considered. In order to deal with the complex and nonlinear PV mathematical model and adapt it to the control purpose, a hybrid PV current observer model is proposed; three modes are defined and the stability of the observer is discussed using the hybrid dynamical system approach (HDS). The observer‐based controller is designed for both voltage and current regulation of the PV system; the closed loop of the full system stability is demonstrated through Lyapunov analysis. Experimental results are also presented showing the feasibility of the proposed observer‐based controller.
Novelty detection based on learning entropy
Authors: Dohnal Gejza , Bukovský Ivo 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe Approximate Individual Sample Learning Entropy is based on incremental learning of a predictor
, where x(k) is an input vector of a given size at time k, w is a vector of weights (adaptive parameters), and h is a prediction horizon. The basic assumption is that, after the underlying process x changes its behavior, the incrementally learning system will adapt the weights w to improve the predictor
. Our goal is to detect a change in the behavior of the weight increment process. The main idea of this paper is based on the fact that weight increments △w(k), where △w(k) = w(k + 1) − w(k), create a weakly stationary process until a change occurs. Once a novelty behavior of the underlying process x(k) occurs, the process △w(k) changes its characteristics (eg, the mean or variation). We suggest using convenient characteristics of △w(k) in a multivariate detection scheme (eg, the Hotelling's T2 control chart).
A validated high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method for quantification of gefitinib and its main metabolites in xenograft mouse tumor: Application to a pharmacokinetics study
Authors: Zhao Can , Zheng Nan , Yang Fen , Han Shu‐Yan , Li Ping‐Ping 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMonitoring gefitinib and its metabolites may help to explore the underlying mechanisms of gefitinib resistance. The concentration of gefitinib and its metabolites in tumor tissues could influence its anticancer activities more than that in the plasma. In the present study, a rapid and specific HPLC–MS/MS method was developed and validated to simultaneously determine gefitinib, M387783, M523595, M537194 and M608236 in tumor tissues of H1975 human lung cancer xenografts of nude mice. The established HPLC–MS/MS method was validated for specificity, linearity, accuracy and precision, matrix effect and recovery, carryover and dilution integrity, and analyte stability. The standard curves were linear (r2 ≥ 0.99) over the range of 0.5–100 ng/mL for M608236 and 1–200 ng/mL for gefitinib, M523595 and M537194 as well as M387783. The accuracy ranged from −8.35 to 6.03% relative error; and the precision was <15% relative standard deviation. Recoveries (87.74–99.96%) and matrix effects (86.60–106.40%) were satisfactory in the biological matrix examined. Stability studies showed that the analytes were stable during the assay procedure and storage. Finally, the validated method was successfully applied to study the pharmacokinetics profiles for gefitinib and its metabolites in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) xenograft mouse tumors. Meanwhile, MTT assay showed that gefitinib had a more powerful inhibitory effect than its four major metabolites in H1975 NSCLC cells. This validated HPLC–MS/MS method may be applied to help understand the mechanisms of gefitinib resistance in EGFR‐mutant nonsmall cell lung cancer.
Business‐community engagement: A case of mining company in India
Authors: Narula Sapna A. , Magry Muneer Ahmad , Mathur Ashima 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThrough a case of community development project in open caste coal mining areas, this paper demonstrates how businesses could successfully engage with the communities for Corporate Social Responsibility and other development activities. The five phases of the project were implemented over a period of three years (2015–2018) in Jharia Coal mines by a public sector mining company in India. The critical enablers and constraints at different phases of the project implementation have been identified. Based on our study, we propose a novel framework for business‐community interface for similar projects. The paper highlights implications for both practitioners and researchers and is quite significant in light of the Corporate Social Responsibility mandate in India and the growing interest of corporates in community development projects.
Impact of unhealthy childhood and unfavorable parents' characteristics on adiposity in schoolchildren
Authors: Vinciguerra Federica , Tumminia Andrea , Roppolo Francesca , Romeo Luana Catena , La Spina Nadia , Baratta Roberto , Parrino Cristina , Sciacca Laura , Vigneri Riccardo , Frittitta Lucia 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundChildhood obesity is encouraged by low physical activity (PA), time spent using screens (screen time, ST), and by sugar‐sweetened beverage consumption (SSBc). It is also influenced by unfavorable parents' characteristics, such as a high body mass index (BMI) and low education level (EL). Our aim was to evaluate the overall and specific influence of these factors on childhood adiposity.Material and methodsAnthropometric parameters including BMI z‐score, waist circumference (WC), waist to height ratio (WtHR), and fat mass were measured in a cohort of 1702 schoolchildren (6.0‐14.5 years, mean 10.7 ± 1.8) and questionnaires concerning children's PA, ST, and SSBc, and parent's BMI and EL were administered to parents.ResultsOverweight/obesity prevalence was higher (P < .0001) in males (57%) than in females (43%). Less physically active children (28.9%) had a higher prevalence of overweight/obesity and higher BMI z‐score, WC, WtHR, and fat mass relative to more physically active children (P < .05). PA was negatively associated with the BMI z‐score (r = 0.18, P < .0001) and fat mass percentage (r = 0.18, P < .0001). Children with more ST had higher WC and WtHR than non‐ST viewers (P < .05) but not BMI. Moreover, SSBc did not influence the anthropometric parameters. At multivariate analysis, male gender, less PA, and parental risk factors (parent's overweight/obesity and low/medium EL) were independently associated with overweight and obesity among childhood with a progressively increasing odds ratio (1.65, 1.40, and 1.80, respectively).ConclusionsMale gender, behavioral risk factors (particularly low PA), and parent's characteristics are important correlates of obesity in children.