bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting respiratory distress syndrome at birth using fast test based on spectroscopy of gastric aspirates. 1. Biochemical part
Authors: Schousboe Peter , Verder Henrik , Jessen Torben E. , Heiring Christian , Bender Lars , Ebbesen Finn , Dahl Marianne , Eschen Christian , Fenger‐Grøn Jesper , Höskuldsson Agnar , Reinholdt Jes , Scoutaris Nikolaos , Smedegaard Heidi 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimTo develop a fast bedside lung maturity test.MethodsGastric aspirates obtained from premature infants contain lamellar bodies, carrying lung surfactant. To estimate lung maturity, we isolated lamellar bodies from fresh gastric aspirates by centrifugation. Erythrocytes and other cells were lysed by adding water and discarded subsequently with the supernatant. Mid‐infrared spectroscopy was then performed to measure the lung maturity as lecithin–sphingomyelin ratio. Lecithin was determined as dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, the most surface‐active phospholipid. Algorithms to measure lecithin and sphingomyelin concentrations in fresh gastric aspirates were developed on aspirates from 140 premature infants. Each gastric aspirate sample was divided into two samples: one for mass spectrometry as reference and one for spectroscopy. Development of the algorithm is described in detail in Appendix S1.ResultsGastric aspirates stored at 4–5°C avoid flocculation of proteins and phospholipids in contrast to when the aspirates were frozen and thawed. Omission of freezing and concentration of the lung surfactant by centrifugation combined with diminished influence of proteins improves the spectroscopic measurement of lecithin–sphingomyelin ratio. Measurement of lecithin–sphingomyelin ratio by the new method was performed within 10–15 minutes.ConclusionWe present a new fast bedside lung maturity test on fresh gastric aspirate for early targeted surfactant treatment.
Monitoring children and adolescents with severe obesity: body mass index (BMI), BMI z‐score or percentage above the International Obesity Task Force overweight cut‐off?
Authors: Løkling Hanne L. , Roelants Mathieu , Kommedal Kristin G. , Skjåkødegård Hanna , Apalset Ellen M. , Benestad Beate , Morken Mette H. , Hjelmesæth Jøran , Juliusson Petur B. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimBody mass index (BMI) metrics are widely used as a proxy for adiposity in children with severe obesity. The BMI expressed as the percentage of a cut‐off percentile for overweight or obesity has been proposed as a better alternative than BMI z‐scores when monitoring children and adolescents with severe obesity.MethodsAnnual changes in BMI, BMI z‐score and the percentage above the International Obesity Task Force overweight cut‐off (%IOTF‐25) were compared with dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) derived body fat (%BF‐DXA) in 59 children and adolescents with severe obesity.ResultsThe change in %BF‐DXA was correlated with the change in %IOTF‐25 (r = 0.68) and BMI (r = 0.70), and somewhat less with the BMI z‐score (r = 0.57). Cohen's Kappa statistic to detect an increase or decrease in %BF‐DXA was fair for %IOTF‐25 (κ = 0.25; p = 0.04) and BMI (κ = 0.33; p = 0.01), but not for the BMI z‐score (κ = 0.08; p = 0.5). The change in BMI was positively biased due to a natural increase with age.ConclusionChanges in the BMI metrics included in the study are associated differently with changes in %BF‐DXA. The BMI z‐score is widely used to monitor changes in adiposity in children and adolescents with severe obesity, but the %IOTF‐25 might be a better alternative.
Randomised clinical trial: intravenous vs oral iron for the treatment of anaemia after acute gastrointestinal bleeding
Authors: Ferrer‐Barceló Luis , Sanchis Artero Laura , Sempere García‐Argüelles Javier , Canelles Gamir Pilar , P. Gisbert Javier , Ferrer‐Arranz Luis Manuel , Monzó Gallego Ana , Plana Campos Lydia , Huguet Malavés Jose Mª , Luján Sanchis Marisol , Ruiz Sánchez Lucía , Barceló Cerdá Susana , Medina Chuliá Enrique 
Published: June 2019

SummaryBackgroundAcute gastrointestinal bleeding is prevalent condition and iron deficiency anaemia is a common comorbidity, yet anaemia treatment guidelines for affected patients are lacking.AimTo compare efficacy and safety of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) and oral ferrous sulphate (FeSulf) in patients with anaemia secondary to non‐variceal gastrointestinal bleedingMethodsA prospective 42‐day study randomised 61 patients with haemoglobin <10 g/dL upon discharge (Day 0) to receive FCM (n = 29; Day 0: 1000 mg, Day 7: 500 or 1000 mg; per label) or FeSulf (n = 32; 325 mg/12 hours for 6 weeks). Outcome measures were assessed on Days 0 (baseline), 7, 21 and 42. The primary outcome was complete response (haemoglobin ≥12 g/dL [women], ≥13 g/dL [men]) after 6 weeks.ResultsA higher proportion of complete response was observed in the FCM vs the FeSulf group at Days 21 (85.7% vs 45.2%; P = 0.001) and 42 (100% vs 61.3%; P < 0.001). Additionally, the percentage of patients with partial response (haemoglobin increment ≥2 g/dL from baseline) was significantly higher in the FCM vs the FeSulf group (Day 21:100% vs 67.7%; P = 0.001, Day 42:100% vs 74.2%; P = 0.003). At Day 42, normalisation of transferrin saturation to 25% or greater was observed in 76.9% of FCM vs 24.1% of FeSulf‐treated patients (P < 0.001). No patient in the FCM group reported any adverse event vs 10 patients in the FeSulf group.ConclusionFCM provided greater and faster Hb increase and iron repletion, and was better tolerated than FeSulf in patients with iron deficiency anaemia secondary to non‐variceal acute gastrointestinal bleeding.
Mild heat stress induces transcription of the β‐casein gene via unfolded protein response‐activated XBP1 signaling in undifferentiated mammary epithelial cells
Authors: Mizusawa Moeko , Sharmin Mst Mamuna , Yonekura Shinichi 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIt has been reported that the expression of β‐casein, a representative milk protein, increases when mammary epithelial cells are exposed to mild heat stress at 39°C. However, the direct effects and detailed molecular mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the relationship between an increase in β‐casein expression and the unfolded protein response (UPR) under mild heat stress. After reaching confluence, HC11 cells were incubated at 37°C (control) or 39°C (mild heat stress) without differentiation medium, and the expression levels of β‐casein and UPR‐related genes were assessed. It was revealed that, even with this mild heat treatment (39°C), β‐casein expression in HC11 cells increased at the transcriptional level without differentiation induction. The expression levels of X‐box binding protein 1 (XBP1) and activating transcription factor 6 alpha (ATF6α) were significantly higher in cells cultured at 39°C compared to those cultured at 37°C. Moreover, the increase in β‐casein mRNA expression levels by mild heat treatment was suppressed in XBP1 or ATF6α knockdown cells generated by siRNA for XBP1 or ATF6α respectively. Thus, these results demonstrate that ATF6α and XBP1 is involved in the increase of β‐casein expression following mild heat treatment.
Challenges and Dilemmas of Civil Society movements in India
Authors: Pulla Venkat , Jaysawal Neelmani , Saha Sudeshna 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCivil Society spaces provide citizens opportunities to frame their collective identities and interests through the formation of voluntary interest groups and organisations set to specific purposes. In the west, historically these interest groups have contributed to the development of political thought that assisted to forge the economic interests of emerging bourgeoisie. This paper situated in the context of India begins with a thematic perspective and reviews the challenges that emerge as a result of the demands that emerge within the civil society space. The paper considered three broad range organizations for this review such as the Narmada Bachao Andolan (Save the river Narmada Campaign); National Alliance for People's Movement (NAPM); and the Self‐Employed Women's Association (SEWA). The authors see civil society as a conciliating place—where individual interests appear to mingle with societal requirements while providing adequate representation to the marginalized groups and expression of concerns around economic and environmental rights.
The determinants of income mobility of older people in England and South Korea
Authors: Um Jinpil 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis paper adopts a longitudinal approach toward examining what lies behind income mobility of older people aged 50 and over in England and aged 45 and over in South Korea over the period between 2006 and 2012, using panel data from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) and the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA). The breakdown of income mobility which takes into account different type of division of the elderly population and income sources are also performed. The findings reveal that income growth has very little impact on aggregate income mobility in England, while it is crucial for the income mobility levels in Korea. There is a great deal of income mobility among single people under the age of 65 in England, while older people who are aged 65 or above and live alone experienced a greater variation in their income over time in Korea. In the case of breakdown of income mobility by income sources, it appears that labor income is the most important determinant of mobility in both countries and income from self‐employment for Korea and income from social transfers in England also plays an important contribution to income mobility.
KCTD: A new gene family involved in neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders
Authors: Teng Xinchen , Aouacheria Abdel , Lionnard Loïc , Metz Kyle A. , Soane Lucian , Kamiya Atsushi , Hardwick J. Marie 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe underlying molecular basis for neurodevelopmental or neuropsychiatric disorders is not known. In contrast, mechanistic understanding of other brain disorders including neurodegeneration has advanced considerably. Yet, these do not approach the knowledge accrued for many cancers with precision therapeutics acting on well‐characterized targets. Although the identification of genes responsible for neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders remains a major obstacle, the few causally associated genes are ripe for discovery by focusing efforts to dissect their mechanisms. Here, we make a case for delving into mechanisms of the poorly characterized humanKCTDgene family. Varying levels of evidence support their roles in neurocognitive disorders (KCTD3), neurodevelopmental disease (KCTD7), bipolar disorder (KCTD12), autism and schizophrenia (KCTD13), movement disorders (KCTD17), cancer (KCTD11), and obesity (KCTD15). Collective knowledge about these genes adds enhanced value, and critical insights into potential disease mechanisms have come from unexpected sources. Translation of basic research on the KCTD‐related yeast protein Whi2 has revealed roles in nutrient signaling to mTORC1 (KCTD11) and an autophagy‐lysosome pathway affecting mitochondria (KCTD7). Recent biochemical and structure‐based studies (KCTD12, KCTD13, KCTD16) reveal mechanisms of regulating membrane channel activities through modulation of distinct GTPases. We explore how these seemingly varied functions may be disease related.
Improved metal allergen reactivity of artificial skin models by integration of Toll‐like receptor 4‐positive cells
Authors: Frings Verena G. , Müller Damaris , Storz Gabriel , Rossi Angela , Sennefelder Helga , Adam Christian , Goebeler Matthias , Groeber‐Becker Florian K. , Schmidt Marc 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundReconstructed human epidermis (RhE) is widely used to replace animal models in order to assess the proinflammatory and allergenic effects of chemicals. Unfortunately, RhE lacks proinflammatory responsiveness for metal haptens, which are the most prevalent human contact allergens, raising concerns about its reliability for predicting skin allergens.ObjectivesTo investigate whether this limitation of RhE might be attributable to a lack of functional expression of Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4), which governs proinflammatory sensitivity to nickel and cobalt.Materials and MethodsRhE, dendritic cell (DC)‐containing RhE and full‐thickness skin equivalent (FTSE) were compared regarding their proinflammatory responsiveness to metal allergens.ResultsThe incorporation of dermal fibroblasts was sufficient to confer metal sensitivity to RhE. Unlike keratinocytes, normal human fibroblasts expressed high levels of TLR4 mRNA and induced interleukin‐8 expression upon stimulation with nickel or cobalt. Consistently, dermal isolates from FTSE expressed considerable amounts of TLR4 mRNA, whereas RhE or epidermis isolated from FTSE, normal human epidermis or inflamed human epidermis failed to express TLR4. Similarly, co‐culture with TLR4‐positive DCs bestowed RhE with proinflammatory responsiveness to metals.ConclusionOur data suggest that FTSE or DC/RhE co‐culture models can circumvent the shortcomings of RhE assays, and combine the benefits of complex and monoculture‐based test systems in a single assay.
Interactome‐based abiotic and biotic impacts on biodiversity of plankton communities in disturbed wetlands
Authors: Yang Yuzhan , Gao Yangchun , Chen Yiyong , Li Shiguo , Zhan Aibin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimDespite great efforts for conservation, biodiversity in wetland ecosystems is still losing at an alarming rate. Thus, it is crucial to deeply understand ecological processes and mechanisms that potentially affect the loss of biodiversity.LocationSanjiang wetland in Sanjiang floodplain, north‐east China.MethodsBiological samples and environmental data were collected from five approximate habitats under different anthropogenic disturbance levels from Sanjiang wetland. Biodiversity of plankton communities (i.e., bacterioplankton and zooplankton) was characterized by high‐throughput sequencing‐based metabarcoding. Multidisciplinary methods including interactome‐based construction of scale‐free networks were employed to examine the complex biotic interactions and abiotic influence on plankton biodiversity.ResultsBoth environmental variables and community composition of plankton communities varied significantly among five habitats. Environmental filtering was identified as the dominant ecological process that drove the distinct community composition and geographical distribution of biodiversity. However, the significantly influential factors were different for bacterioplankton (e.g., pH and As) and zooplankton communities (e.g., NH4 and TP). In total, environmental factors could explain approximately 30% of community variation for both types of plankton communities. Based on interactome networks, more organism‐associated edges were identified than environment‐associated edges. Such a pattern suggests that, in addition to environmental influence, biotic interactions also play a crucial role to shape biodiversity variation.Main conclusionsBoth abiotic factors and biotic interactions largely contributed to the distinct composition and geographical distribution of bacterioplankton and zooplankton communities in Sanjiang wetland. Therefore, the interactome‐based investigation is recommended to examine synthesized impacts of abiotic and biotic variables, and such a comprehensive survey can largely facilitate our understanding of ecological processes and associated mechanisms that drive the loss of wetland biodiversity. Results from comprehensive surveys can help identify conservation priorities and improve the predictability of conservation programmes.
Exchange protein directly activated by cAMP 2 is required for corticotropin‐releasing hormone‐mediated spine loss
Authors: Xie Zhong , Penzes Peter , Srivastava Deepak P. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCorticotropin‐releasing hormone is produced in response to acute and chronic stress. Previous studies have shown that activation of the corticotropin‐releasing hormone receptor 1 (CRHR1) by corticotropin‐releasing hormone results in the rapid loss of dendritic spines which correlates with cognitive dysfunction associated with stress. Exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (EPAC2), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase Rap, plays a critical role in regulating dendritic spine morphology and has been linked with CRHR1 signalling. In this study, we have tested whether EPAC2 links corticotropin‐releasing hormone with dendritic spine remodelling. In primary rat cortical neurons, we show that CRHR1 is highly enriched in the dendritic spines. Furthermore, we find that EPAC2 and CRHR1 co‐localize in cortical neurons and that acute exposure to corticotropin‐releasing hormone induces spine loss. To establish whether EPAC2 was required for corticotropin‐releasing hormone–mediated spine loss, we knocked‐down EPAC2 in cortical neurons using a short hairpin RNA‐mediated approach. In the presence of Epac2 knocked‐down, corticotropin‐releasing hormone was no longer able to induce spine loss. Taken together, our data indicate that EPAC2 is required for the rapid loss of dendritic spines induced by corticotropin‐releasing hormone and may ultimately contribute to responses to acute stress.
Ordinary Ethics and Reflexivity in Mundane Family Interactions
Authors: Kremer‐Sadlik Tamar 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis article examines morality as it is experienced in the quotidian running of family life through an analysis of video‐recorded spontaneous family interactions in Los Angeles, California. It argues that certain interactions afford the unfolding of morality experience through reflexive talk, in which speakers “bracket” the ongoing experience in order to critically reflect on it, thus making the ethical known. It demonstrates that often the underlying moral trouble is not immediately apparent and is not necessarily concerned with the momentary details. Instead, the interactional moment incites the speaker to shift to a reflexive stance and address a moral concern. The ubiquitous nature of this moral work exposes the contemporary pressures that parents experience as they negotiate the best ways to parent, raise moral children, and become virtuous families.
Young Americans’ Dreaming in the Specular Age
Authors: Sheriff Robin E. , Mageo Jeannette 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBased on the analysis of recent dreams collected from college students in both the eastern and western regions of the United States, this article identifies a new visual mode of self‐making wherein young Americans imaginatively see themselves and others as images captured by and performing for a lens. Extending Lacan's notion of the mirror phase and building on Metz's concept of scopic regimes, we propose the concept of “specularity.” Further, we link specularity dreams to contemporary middle‐class child‐rearing practices and an increasingly obligatory engagement with technomediated practices. Specularity, we suggest, is a new mode by which subjectivities are reconfigured and brought into alignment with neoliberal styles of self‐representation.
Multi‐criteria group decision‐making method based on TODIM with probabilistic interval‐valued hesitant fuzzy information
Authors: Zhang Guo , Wang Jian‐qiang , Wang Tie‐li 
Published: June 2019

AbstractProbabilistic interval‐valued hesitant fuzzy sets (PIV‐HFSs) are suitable for aggregating information from different groups because the probabilistic information of all the groups can be included by using interval values. Moreover, decision makers (DMs) prefer to use interval values to provide evaluation information. Furthermore, the traditional multi‐criteria group decision‐making (MCGDM) approach has some limitations, such as obtaining the DMs' weights with inappropriate methods and neglecting the interactions amongst the criteria and the psychological characteristics of DMs. Motivated by these research background, the main contents of this study are as follows. First, PIV‐HFSs are proposed, and the convex combination operation is extended into PIV‐HFSs. Second, a hybrid MCGDM approach with PIV‐HFSs is suggested that is based on the maximizing deviation method, fuzzy analytic network process (FANP) and TODIM (an acronym in Portuguese for interactive and multi‐criteria decision‐making model). Third, an evaluation case of health management centres based on the service‐specific failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) is considered. The results show that the most crucial secondary factor is frequency (0.35775) and that the most serious failure mode is the inaccurate check‐in. The results demonstrate that the proposed model can evaluate service quality effectively and that it performs better than other methods.
A stochastic multicriteria acceptability analysis–evidential reasoning method for uncertain multiattribute decision‐making problems
Authors: Zhang Xiaoqi , Gong Bengang , Yang Feng , Ang Sheng 
Published: June 2019

AbstractEvidential reasoning (ER) is an effective approach for assessing alternatives with uncertain attribute values in the context of decision making. For the ER approach to be able to handle variations in the weights of uncertain attributes in an appropriate manner, this paper proposes a method to solve problems of uncertain multiattribute decision making that involve both uncertain attribute values and uncertain attribute weights, which this method does by combining the ER approach and stochastic multicriteria acceptability analysis‐2 (SMAA‐2). First, the uncertainty in attribute values is described by using a belief decision matrix as in the ER approach. The analytical ER algorithm is then used to create the utility function in the SMAA‐2 model, and that function is used to calculate the probability of different sorting positions of the decision units under weight‐related restrictions. Finally, the results of ranking are obtained by combining the sorting weights. An example is provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
A general model of temporary aquatic habitat use: Water phenology as a life history filter
Authors: Heim Kurt C. , McMahon Thomas E. , Calle Leonardo , Wipfli Mark S. , Falke Jeffrey A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTemporary aquatic habitats are not widely appreciated fish habitat. However, fish navigate the transient waters of intertidal zones, floodplains, intermittent and ephemeral streams, lake margins, seasonally frozen lakes and streams, and anthropogenic aquatic habitats across the globe to access important resources. The selective pressures imposed by water impermanence (i.e., freezing, drying, tidal fluctuations), however, operate similarly across taxa and ecosystems. These similarities are formalized into a conceptual model relating habitat use to surface water phenology. Whereas all necessary life history functions (spawning, foraging, refuge, and dispersal) can be accomplished in temporary habitats, the timing, duration, and predictability of water act as a “life history filter” to which habitats can be used and for what purpose. Habitats wet from minutes to months may all be important—albeit in different ways, for different species. If life history needs co‐occur with accessibility, temporary habitats can contribute substantially to individual fitness, overall production and important metapopulation processes. This heuristic is intended to promote research, recognition and conservation of these frequently overlooked habitats that can be disproportionately important relative to their size or brevity of existence. There is a pressing need to quantify how use of temporary aquatic habitats translates to individual fitness benefits, population size and temporal stability, and ecosystem‐level consequences. Temporary aquatic habitats are being impacted at an alarming rate by anthropogenic activities altering their existence, phenology, and connectivity. It is timely that scientists, managers and policymakers consider the role these habitats play in global fish production.