bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of individualized resistance training prescription with heart rate variability on individual muscle hypertrophy and strength responses
Authors: De Oliveira Ramon Martins , Ugrinowitsch Carlos , Kingsley James Derek , Da Silva Deivid Gomes , Bittencourt Diego , Caruso Flávia Rossi , Borghi‐Silva Audrey , Libardi Cleiton Augusto 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to investigate if resistance training (RT), performed with individualized recovery between sessions (RT‐IND), promotes greater gains in strength and muscle mass and reduces the variability on adaptations compared to RT with fixed recovery intervals (RT‐FIX). Twenty young men (age 21.9 ± 3.3 years) were randomized in the RT‐IND and RT‐FIX groups. Five days before the beginning of the training, measurements of the root mean square of successive R‐R intervals differences (RMSSD) values of each individual were performed to establish the baseline values. Before each RT session, the RMSSD values determined whether the participants from RT‐IND protocol were recovered from the previous session. Participants performed the RT session only if RMSSD values had returned to the baseline, otherwise they had to wait for an additional 24 h. RT‐FIX performed an RT session every 48 h. Muscle strength was measured by one‐maximal repetition (1‐RM) test and muscle cross‐section area (CSA) of the vastus laterals by ultrasonography were assessed pre‐ and post‐training. 1‐RM values increased significantly from pre to post‐training for both groups (RT‐IND: 30% and RT‐FIX: 42%, main time effect, P < 0001), with no significant difference between groups. Muscle CSA increased significantly from pre to post‐training (RT‐IND: 15.7% and RT‐FIX: 15.8%, main time effect, P < 0001), with no significant difference between groups. In conclusion, RT‐IND did not increase the gains in muscle strength and mass neither reduce the variability in muscle adaptations when compared to the RT‐FIX.
Final report on APMP.QM-S10: elements in food supplement
Authors: Hatamleh N , Puelles M , Lozano H , Khan M , Yang L , Pihillagawa I G , Nadeau K , Mester Z , Wei C , Li X , Sin D W M , Fung W H , Tsoi Y T , Bergamaschi L , Okumu T O , Uribe C , Stakheev A , Shin R , Jaćimović R , Thiengmanee U , Klich H , Raouf J , Chaabene N , Chaieb S , Ngô H T 
Published: January 2019

APMP.QM-S10 was coordinated by Government Laboratory, Hong Kong SAR (GLHK) under the auspices of the Inorganic Analysis Working Group (IAWG) of the Comité Consultatif pour la Quantité de Matière (CCQM). Fourteen national metrology institutes (NMIs) or designated institutes (DIs) registered for the examination of zinc, manganese, calcium and magnesium. All institutes submitted the results for zinc and manganese, and twelve institutes submitted the results for calcium and magnesium. The supplementary comparison was designed to enable participating institutes to demonstrate their measurement capabilities in measuring the mass fractions of the analytes at mg/kg levels in a test sample of food supplement by various analytical techniques.
For examination of zinc, manganese, calcium and magnesium, most of the participants used microwave-assisted acid digestion methods for sample dissolution. A variety of instrumental techniques including inductively coupled plasmas mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), isotope dilution inductively coupled plasmas mass spectrometry (ID-ICP-MS), inductively coupled plasmas optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), and instrumental neutron action analysis (INAA) were employed by the participants for determination. For this supplementary comparison, inorganic core capabilities have been demonstrated by the concerned participants with respect to methods including ICP-MS (without isotope dilution), ID-ICP-MS, ICP-OES, FAAS and INAA on the determination of elements (zinc, manganese, calcium and magnesium) in a food matrix of food supplement.
Generally, the participants' results of APMP.QM-S10 were found to be consistent for all measurands according to their equivalence statements. Except with some extreme values, most of the participants obtained the values of d
i/U(d
i) within ± 1 for the measurands.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Dissolved methane in the residual basins of the Aral Sea
Authors: Izhitskaya E S , Egorov A V , Zavialov P O , Yakushev E V , Izhitskiy A S 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Due to catastrophic desiccation, today’s Aral Sea consists of a few separate residual basins, characterized by different ecological conditions (the Large Aral, Lake Tshchebas, the Small Aral). This study is the first report on dissolved methane concentrations in these basins. Overall, 48 water samples were obtained and analyzed for methane content. High values of dissolved methane in the anaerobic layer of the Large Aral Sea, including the Chernyshev Bay, are apparently caused by damping of vertical mixing and decomposition of abundant organic matter in anoxic conditions. The estimated methane flux from the surface of the Large Aral Sea is actually higher than that from many other lakes in the world. For the anoxic layer of the Large Aral, certain relations between distributions of methane and other hydrochemical parameters, including dissolved oxygen and hydrogen sulfide, were found. In the brackish Small Aral Sea, methane content was moderate. Lake Tshchebas exhibits intermediate conditions between the Large and the Small Aral seas in terms of salinity and methane concentration. The observed differences of methane content and distributions in separate residual basins are linked with the differences of their mixing and oxygenation regimes.
Planned Risk Information Avoidance: A Proposed Theoretical Model
Authors: Deline Mary Beth , Kahlor Lee Ann 
Published: January 2019

AbstractRisk information avoidance is widespread, and happens in contexts ranging from the personal to civic spheres. Disciplines from communication to psychology have been exploring the avoidance phenomena for decades, yet we lack a unifying theoretical model to understand it. To develop such a model, we start with the planned risk information-seeking model (PRISM) and explore its tenets, and related research, as they apply to information avoidance. We end with a theoretically sound planned risk information avoidance (PRIA) model and accompanying propositions in three overarching areas: cognitive, affective and socio-cultural. This model shows promise in advancing our collective understanding of the PRIA phenomenon.
Discriminatory power of scoring systems for outcome prediction in patients with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation following cardiovascular surgery†
Authors: Schrutka Lore , Rohmann Felix , Binder Christina , Haberl Thomas , Dreyfuss Ben , Heinz Gottfried , Lang Irene M , Felli Alessia , Steinlechner Barbara , Niessner Alexander , Laufer Günther , Goliasch Georg , Wiedemann Dominik , Distelmaier Klaus 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Although extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) represents a rapidly evolving treatment option in patients with refractory heart or lung failure, survival remains poor and appropriate risk stratification challenging because established risk prediction models have not been validated for this specific population.

METHODS
This observational single-centre registry included a total of 240 patients treated with venoarterial ECMO therapy following cardiovascular surgery and analysed the discriminatory power of the European System of Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) additive, the EuroSCORE II, the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, the Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) II, the SAPS III, the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II, the Risk of renal failure, Injury to the kidney, Failure of kidney function, Loss of kidney function and End-stage renal failure (RIFLE) classification, the survival after venoarterial ECMO (SAVE) score, the prEdictioN of Cardiogenic shock OUtcome foR AMI patients salvaGed by VA-ECMO (ENCOURAGE) score and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) risk model for outcome prediction.

RESULTS
During a median follow-up time of 37 months (interquartile range 19–67), 65% of the patients died. Only the SAVE score and the SAPS II were significantly associated with the 30-day mortality rate with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.06 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02–1.11; P = 0.002] for the SAVE score and an HR of 1.02 (95% CI 1.01–1.03; P = 0.004) for the SAPS II with a modest discriminatory power displayed by a C-index of 0.61 and 0.57, respectively. Seven out of 10 scoring systems revealed significant association with long-term mortality, with the SAVE score and the SAPS II remaining the strongest predictors of long-term mortality with an HR of 1.06 (95% CI 1.03–1.09; P < 0.001, C-index 0.61) for the SAVE score and an HR of 1.02 (95% CI 1.01–1.03; P < 0.001, C-index 0.58) for the SAPS II.

CONCLUSIONS
Risk assessment based on established risk models in patients with ECMO remains difficult. Only the SAPS II and the SAVE score were exclusively found to be suitable for short- and long-term outcome prediction in this specific vulnerable patient population.
Furstenberg Systems of Bounded Multiplicative Functions and Applications
Authors: Frantzikinakis Nikos , Host Bernard 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
We prove a structural result for measure preserving systems naturally associated with any finite collection of multiplicative functions that take values on the complex unit disc. We show that these systems have no irrational spectrum and their building blocks are Bernoulli systems and infinite-step nilsystems. One consequence of our structural result is that strongly aperiodic multiplicative functions satisfy the logarithmically averaged variant of the disjointness conjecture of Sarnak for a wide class of zero entropy topological dynamical systems, which includes all uniquely ergodic ones. We deduce that aperiodic multiplicative functions with values plus or minus one have super-linear block growth. Another consequence of our structural result is that products of shifts of arbitrary multiplicative functions with values on the unit disc do not correlate with any totally ergodic deterministic sequence of zero mean. Our methodology is based primarily on techniques developed in a previous article of the authors where analogous results were proved for the Möbius and the Liouville function. A new ingredient needed is a result obtained recently by Tao and Teräväinen related to the odd order cases of the Chowla conjecture.
Varieties of Social Construction
Authors: Srivastava Swati 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis article presents social construction as a research framework, rather than an explanatory theory in constructivism, to outline different research strategies. Varieties of constructivism thus far conceived in international relations prefer cleavages where scholars are regarded as thin/thick, conventional/critical, or mainstream/radical. In contrast, I introduce a new landscape of social construction to show unique mechanisms for socially constructing international politics. The new landscape varies on two dimensions. The first, source of socialization, asks whether scholars treat social context as fixed in discrete, observable forms or as fluid in indiscrete, shifting arrangements. The second dimension, focus of analysis, asks whether scholars primarily study social structures, social subjects, or some interaction of the two. The dimensions make visible a multitude of research strategies with implications for the stability of social processes and the potential for causal analysis. Moreover, within this landscape, the article focuses on four processes of social construction—aggregating, assembling, internalizing, and performing—as seen inductively through examining prominent constructivist projects. Disaggregating the many processes avoids the misuse of social construction as a catchall mechanism. Finally, the article applies the select processes to the social construction of international norms to better grasp the relative payoffs of constructivist IR scholarship for research and teaching.
Examining the Association Between Referral Quality, Wait Time and Patient Outcomes for Patients Referred to an IBD Specialty Program
Authors: Mathias Holly , Heisler Courtney , Morrison, Julia , Currie Barbara , Phalen-Kelly Kelly , Jones Jennifer 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background
Most speciality inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) care can only be accessed through a referral. Timely access to specialty care has been associated with improved disease-related outcomes. To receive appropriate care, the referral needs to include high-quality information. To date, no research has explored the association between referral quality and IBD patient outcomes. The study objectives were to determine if the quality of referrals to a collaborative IBD program influenced triage accuracy, wait times and patient outcomes.

Methods
Two hundred referrals to a collaborative IBD program in Canada for patients with confirmed or suspected IBD were reviewed. Referral quality was evaluated using an evidence- and consensus-based metric. The association between referral quality and patient outcomes (wait time, hospitalizations, disease flares and additional referrals) for semi-urgent referrals was assessed through multivariate analysis.

Results
The majority of referrals for IBD speciality care were categorized as being low quality. Referral quality was not significantly associated with any of the patient outcomes; however, longer wait times significantly increased the occurrence of disease flares, hospitalizations and additional referrals while waiting for an IBD specialist appointment.

Conclusion
Prolonged wait times for IBD patients are significantly associated with poor patient outcomes and increased costs for the health care system. Although there is literature that suggests that referral quality may be associated with wait time, it is still unclear how it relates to wait time and patient outcomes. Moving forward, the current referral process needs to be critically addressed in order to improve wait times and patient outcomes.
Copulation Exerts Significant Effects on mRNA Expression of Cryptochrome Genes in a Moth
Authors: Xu Jin , Gao Bo , Shi Min-Rui , Yu Hong , Huang Ling-Yan , Chen Peng , Li Yong-He 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
It is recognized that the behavioral rhythms of organisms are controlled by the circadian clock, while the reverse direction, i.e., whether changes in physiology and behavior react to the internal rhythms, is unclear. Cryptochromes (CRYs) are photolyase-like flavoproteins with blue-light receptor function and other functions on circadian clock and migration in animals. Here, we cloned the full-length cDNA of CRY1 and CRY2 in Spodoptera litura (Fabricius, 1775) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Sl-CRYs show high similarity to orthologs from other insects, and their conserved regions contain a DNA photolyase domain and a FAD-binding seven domain. The expression levels of both genes were relatively low during the larval stage, which increased during the pupal stage and then peaked at the adult stage. The expression of Sl-CRY1 and Sl-CRY2 showed differences between males and females and between scotophase and photophase. Further, our study demonstrated that copulation has a significant effect on the expression of Sl-CRYs. More interestingly, the changes in the expression of Sl-CRY1 and Sl-CRY2 due to copulation showed the same trend in both sexes, in which the expression levels of both genes in copulated males and females decreased in the subsequent scotophase after copulation and then increased significantly in the following photophase. Considering the nature of the dramatic changes in reproductive behavior and physiology after copulation in S. litura, we propose that the changes in the expression of Sl-CRYs after copulation could have some function in the reproductive process.
Clinical Characteristics and Outcome of Children Hospitalized With Scrub Typhus in an Area of Endemicity
Authors: Wangrangsimakul Tri , Greer Rachel C , Chanta Chulapong , Nedsuwan Supalert , Blacksell Stuart D , Day Nicholas P J , Paris Daniel H 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background
Scrub typhus, caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, is a major cause of acute febrile illness in children in the rural tropics.

Methods
We recruited 60 febrile pediatric patients with a positive scrub typhus rapid diagnostic test result and 40 healthy controls from Chiang Rai Province in northern Thailand. Diagnosis was confirmed by the detection of (1) O. tsutsugamushi–specific DNA in blood or eschar samples with a polymerase chain reaction assay, (2) a fourfold rise in immunoglobulin M (IgM) titer to ≥1:3200 in paired plasma samples with an indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), or (3) a single IgM titer of ≥1:3200 in an acute plasma sample with an IFA. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected, and patients were followed up for 1 year.

Results
Diagnosis was confirmed in 35 (58%) of 60 patients, and all controls tested negative for scrub typhus. Patients with confirmed scrub typhus had clinical symptoms, including fever (35 of 35 [100%]), eschar (21 of 35 [60%]), cough (21 of 35 [60%]), tachypnea (16 of 35 [46%]), lymphadenopathy (15 of 35 [43%]), and headache (14 of 35 [40%]). Only 4 (11%) of 35 patients received appropriate antibiotic treatment for scrub typhus before admission. The median fever-clearance time was 36 hours (interquartile range, 24–53 hours). Complications observed include hepatitis (9 of 35 [26%]), severe thrombocytopenia (7 of 35 [20%]), pneumonitis (5 of 35 [14%]), circulatory shock (4 of 35 [11%]), and acute respiratory distress syndrome (3 of 35 [9%]). Treatment failure, defined by failure to defervesce within 72 hours of antibiotic treatment initiation, was noted in 8 (23%) of 35 patients, and 1 (3%) of the 35 patients died. No evidence of relapse or reinfection was found.

Conclusion
Pediatric scrub typhus in northern Thailand is often severe and potentially fatal with delays in treatment a likely contributing factor. Additional studies to investigate the bacterial, pharmacologic, and immunologic factors related to treatment outcome along with measures to improve public awareness should be prioritized.
The Walls of Carthage and the Date of Augustine’s De Trinitate
Authors: Wilson Andrew 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This article calls attention to a hitherto overlooked piece of evidence that securely dates the completion of Book IX and subsequent books of Augustine’s De Trinitate to ad 424/425 or later: in it Augustine refers to having seen the moenia (defensive walls) of Carthage, which were not built until ad 424/425. The essay reviews the evidence for and previous scholarship on the chronology of the composition and completion of the De Trinitate, and considers the implications of the new dating for the circumstances of its completion, situating it within the production of Augustine’s other major works in the mid- to late 420s.
Timing of Carotid Endarterectomy for Symptomatic Carotid Stenosis: A Snapshot of Current Trends and Systematic Review of Literature on Changing Paradigm towards Early Surgery
Authors: Savardekar Amey R , Narayan Vinayak , Patra Devi P , Spetzler Robert F , Sun Hai 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Carotid revascularization has been recommended as the maximally beneficial treatment for stroke prevention in patients with recently symptomatic carotid stenosis (SCS). The appropriate timing for performing carotid endarterectomy (CEA) within the first 14 d after the occurrence of the index event remains controversial. We aim to provide a snapshot of the pertinent current literature related to the timing of CEA for patients with SCS. A systematic review of literature was conducted to study the timing of CEA for SCS. The guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) were followed. A total of 63 articles were identified as relevant to this topic. A summary of 15 articles favoring urgent CEA (within 48 h) for SCS within 48 h of index event and 9 articles not favoring urgent CEA is presented. A consensus is still to be achieved on the ideal timing of CEA for SCS within the 14-d window presently prescribed. The current literature suggests that patients who undergo urgent CEA (within 48 h) after nondisabling stroke as the index event have an increased periprocedural risk as compared to those who had transient ischemic attack (TIA) as the index event. Further prospective studies and clinical trials studying this question with separate groups classified as per the index event are required to shed more light on the subject. The current literature points to a changing paradigm towards early carotid surgery, specifically targeted within 48 h if the index event is TIA, and within 7 d if the index event is stroke.
Quality of Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Limb Amputations: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kwah Li Khim , Green Jordan , Butler Jane , Lam Lawrence 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background
The quality of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) is important to ensure guideline adoption by clinicians.

Purpose
The aim of this review was to identify CPGs for the management of limb amputations, appraise the quality of CPGs, and synthesize recommendations from comprehensive CPGs of high quality.

Data Sources
MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PEDro, guideline-specific websites, websites for associations or networks for people with amputations, and Google Scholar were searched from April 2007 to April 2017.

Study Selection
Publications were included if they were CPGs or consensus statements/standards endorsed by a certified organization, covered the management of limb amputations, were freely accessible, and were written in English.

Data Extraction
Two reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts for eligible CPGs and rated the quality of CPGs using the Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation (AGREE-II) instrument.

Data Synthesis
Of the 15 included CPGs, 11 were of low to moderate quality and 4 were of high quality. Mean (or median) domain scores on AGREE-II were as follows: 83% for domain 1 (scope and purpose), 61% for domain 2 (stakeholder involvement), 7% for domain 3 (rigor of development), 65% for domain 4 (clarity and presentation), 24% for domain 5 (applicability), and 21% for domain 6 (editorial independence). Strong recommendations from comprehensive and high-quality CPGs were few and focused on the development of individualized treatment plans, exercises for improving physical function and the ability to perform activities of daily living, and the assessment of physical function and prognostic factors.

Limitations
CPGs that were not written in English were excluded. Final recommendations from CPGs might differ if different criteria were used. Low domain scores on the AGREE-II might be due to poor reporting rather than poor methodology in the CPG development process.

Conclusions
Few CPGs for the management of limb amputations were of high quality, and few recommendations were strong. To improve the quality of future CPGs, guideline developers should report funding and competing interests of members, provide information to aid in the practical application of CPGs, and use a systematic approach to search for evidence and derive strength of recommendations.