bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new species of Clandestinotrema (Ascomycota: Ostropales: Graphidaceae) from montane cloud forest in the Venezuelan Andes
Authors: Medeiros Ian D. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractRevision of lichen herbarium specimens at DUKE revealed a species of thelotremoid Graphidaceae new to science. Clandestinotrema carbonera sp. nov. is characterized by an olive-green thallus, dense cortex, the absence of a columella, ascospores 15–24 × 5.5–8.0 μm with 3–5 transverse septa (occasionally submuriform), and the presence of hypostictic acid as a major substance. At present the species is known only from the type locality, an area of montane cloud forest near Mérida, Venezuela. Interestingly, this species appears to have been discussed in the literature once before, as an unnamed ‘Thelotrema sp.’ which in the 1970s provided the first instance of hypostictic acid isolated from a lichen. The previous report of C. leucomelaenum from the same locality is shown to actually represent C. pauperius.
The Invention and Developing of Multibeam Echosounder Technology
Authors: Grządziel Artur , Wąż Mariusz 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
When a man has mastered the ability to travel by sea, he began to wonder what is the depth clearance under the keel and how to measure the depth. Initially, only coastal shipping was practiced. Cargo ship sailing, fishery, underwater scientific research, recreational diving as well as resource exploration and operation of submarine cables and pipelines laying were developing dynamically in this part of the continental shelf. That is why accurate bathymetric information was of great importance to masters, scientists, fishermen, ship-owners and all seafarers.
Cartographic compilation of even a primitive nautical chart was a huge challenge. It was a painstaking process and required, first and foremost, a large amount of data, which was primarily obtained through not efficient measurements. As technology progresses, new techniques and methods of ocean exploration have developed. The technology, systems, devices and instruments of underwater exploration have gone through a long way of change, modernization and improvements, ultimately creating the potential for a bottom surface visualization as three-dimensional spatial models. A significant role has been played by multibeam echosounder which revolutionized the hydrographic surveys and proved to be efficient means of hydrographic and oceanographic surveys.
Psychological Aspects of Diving in Selected Theoretical and Research Perspectives
Authors: Niewiedział Dorota , Kolańska Magdalena , Dąbrowiecki Zbigniew , Jerzemowski Mateusz , Siermontowski Piotr , Kobos Zdzisław , Olszański Romuald 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The aim of the article is to conduct a literature review in relation to the psychological aspects of diving. The acquired knowledge can currently be qualified as belonging to various branches of applied psychology, as well as underwater medicine, sports medicine, psychiatry and psychotherapy. The literature on this subject matter raises two main issues of the psychological perspective: the degree of psychological adaptation of an individual to the underwater environment, and the psychophysical condition of a man involved in a specific type of diving and the resulting skills/competences to perform underwater tasks. The article presents selected reports from around the world related to diving psychology resulting from the applied structure/classification of psychological theories, explaining various mechanisms of psychological functioning underwater. The paper presents studies from the perspective of psychodynamics, psychology of health/stress, psychology of individual differences and personality. The main conclusions indicate that in addition to the main problem of an optimal/lack of adaptation of humans to the underwater environment, there is insufficient psychological knowledge (including Polish reports) in the area of personality differences between various types of divers, their social functioning, mental health and psychoeducation with regard to underwater exposures.
INTERVENSI EMOTIONAL FREEDOM TECHNIQUE (EFT) UNTUK MENGURANGI NYERI POST OPERASI SECTIO CAESARIA (SC)
Authors: Latifah Lutfatul , Ramawati Dian 
Published: July 2018

Introduction: Every woman who undergo Sectio Caesaria (SC) surgery for delivery their babies often complain about pain after the surgery and it become very distrubing. The effect of the pain cause mobilisation limitation, interrupting bonding attachment between mother and child, and postponning breastfeeding inititation. This study conduct EFT or tapping as the pain management in women post SC surgery.The aim of this study is to identify the effect of EFT or tapping for reducing pain after SC surgery. Methods: Quasy experimental with pre-post non randomized control group design was used in this study. The data been colleted using Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) to measure the pain in participants before and after EFT or tapping treatment. The number of participants was 30 mothers with 15 women in control and treatment group respectively. The t-test was used to analize the effect of the EFT. Results: The mean of pain scale before treatment in control group was 5.20 dan 6.20 for the treatment group. The pain scale after treatment in control group was 5.00 and 4.27 in treatment group. There was a significant difference between the reducing pain scale in treatment group with p value = 0,000 (α = 0.05). Discussion: EFT or tapping can be one of many non farmacologic treatment as complementer therapy to reduce pain after SC surgery. Keywords: post SC pain, EFT, pain scale decline, non farmacologic therapy
FAMILY’S LIFE EXPERIENCE IN TAKING CARE CHILDREN WITH HIV/AIDS IN CIMAHI CITY
Authors: Safarina Lina 
Published: July 2018

Introduction. Indonesia has increase in cases of HIV/AIDS significantly. HIV/AIDS incidence in children is increase too. Children with HIV infection are vulnerable to physical and psychosocial problems are complex. This raises the issue of the family in caring for children with HIV/AIDS. The purpose of this study was to explore in depth the experiences of family life in the care of children with HIV/AIDS. Methods. The study used a qualitative approach was phenomenological. This research was conducted during the months of July-August 2012 in Cimahi. The study was conducted on families who have children with HIV/AIDS. Method of data collection study using in-depth interviews. Analysis of the data used to describe the lived experience of families in caring for children with HIV/AIDS with Colaizi data analysis. Results. Children with HIV/AIDS had experience a variety of problems related to the infection opportunity, growth and development disability, education, social skills and acceptance in society. Discussion. Nurse can give information about caring children with HIV/AIDS, give the support to family to get VCT program, ARV supervision, motivation enhancement, child health, children need to learn and play, support family to join with PMTCT program to increase quality of life of the children and family. Keywords: Children with HIV/AIDS, Family’s Experience, Quality of Life
THE INCIDENT OF CONSTIPATION AMONG STROKE PATIENT IN THE WARD AT DR SLAMET HOSPITAL GARUT
Authors: Kosasih Cecep Eli , Solehati Tetti 
Published: July 2018

Introduction. The incidence of complication especially constipation among stroke patients was so much. It cause discomfort during hospitalization. During the stroke patient was treated at the hospital, some patients experienced some limitations both physically and mentally. Those limitations encourage high incidence of complications of constipation, especially in patients who experience immobility in bed. The aim of the study was to identify the most dominant factor that causes constipation in stroke patients. Method.. This study used cross sectional design for data collection on constipation causative factors (diet, fluids, and exercise) and the incidence of constipation. The sample in the study was 40 samples of stroke patient who treated in Dr Slamet Hospital. Data were analyzed by using multiple logistic regressions. Result.There was a significant relationship between constipation with dietary intake with ρ value of 0.004 (α <0.05), exercise with ρ value of 0.034 (α <0.05), and fluid with ρ value of 0.019 (α <0.05). Discussion. To prevent constipation and maintain a normal defecation process in stroke patients should consume enough fluids, exercise regularly and mainly dietary fiber intake is sufficient. For nurses and other health care team should consider the needs of each dietary fiber and fluids are also trained in stroke patient exercise regularly. Keywords: Dietary factors, fluid, exercise, constipation
ASSERTIVENESS TRAINING CAN INCREASE NURSING STUDENT CONFIDENCE
Authors: Trihadi Dayat , Silvi Etlidawati , Murtiasih Dwi Kania 
Published: July 2018

Background and purpose : Students to have the confidence to face these challenges. One of the efforts to boost confidence is with assertiveness training. This therapy is done in five sessions with the method of describing, modeling, role play, feedback, and transferring. This study aims to determine the influence of assertiveness training in increasing Nursing student confidence of Nursing Health Science in Muhammadiyah University of Purwokerto.Methods : This study uses quasi experiments method with pretest-posttest design with control group with statistical tests namely Dependent (Paired) and test Independent Samples T test. Sampling technique uses Cluster Random Sampling. Samples in this study were 41 students of S-1 nursing as the intervention group and the other 41 students as control group.Results : The results of the study showed a significant different increase statistically confidence of the students in the intervention group and control group after the intervention group is given assertiveness training ( = 0,000).Conclusion and recomendation : The conclusion of this research is assertiveness training can increase students confidence. The results of the study can be input for health workers, especially nurses to improve the ability to provide nursing actions, as a counselor, and as an educator.
The Effectiveness of Paired-Share Gallery Walk (PSGW) on Students’ Critical Appraisal Skill (CAS) Improvement During The Medical Surgical Nursing Clinical Placement
Authors: Setyawati Andina , Safar Mohammad , Majid Abdul , Rachmawaty Rini 
Published: July 2018

Introductions: Less critical nurses in Indonesia may happen due to the lack of contribution of the nursing institutions in enhancing the critical thinking skill. The PSGW is one of clinical teaching methods that facilitates students to criticize the current literatures. This study aimed at identifying the effectiveness of the PSGW on students’ critical appraisal skill (CAS) improvement during the medical surgical nursing clinical placement.Methods: This quasy-experimental study used pre-posttest control group design. The subjects were students who are currently in the professional practice stage of medical surgical nursing area. They were randomly assigned into two groups: 30 subjects in intervention group who conducted PSGW and 30 subjects in control group who conducted standard method of journal presentation. CAS questionnaires developed by Oxford University had been used to measure students’ CAS in criticizing the journal. The data was analyzed using Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney, paired t-test, and independent t-test with level of significance at 0.05.Results: The intervention group experienced a significant increase in CAS score (p=0.0001) after performing the PSGW, while the control group experienced an insignificant decrease (p=0.596) after performing the standard method of journal reading. When comparing the posttest CAS of both groups, the result showed that there were significant differences in the posttest CAS scores (p=0.0001) with large effect size (r=0.63).Conclusions: The PSGW is an effective learning method for clinical teaching. Further study needs to be performed to investigate the effectiveness of PSGW on the academic learning process.
Parents’ Perception Having Children with Intellectual Disability Providing Sex Education
Authors: Ariadni Dwi Karina , Prabandari Yayi Suryo , DW Sumarni 
Published: July 2018

Introduction: Children with intellectual disability have the same sexual needs as the average children. Parents are their children’s primary sex educators, but many parents are afraid of talking to their children about sex. The purpose of this study to explore the perception of parents in providing sex education to children with intellectual disability. Methods: A qualitative study using phenomenological approach. Focus group discussion (FGD) and in-depth interviews (face-to-face) with ten parents having children with mild or moderate intellectual disability, aged nine-eighteen years registered at SLB Negeri 1 Yogyakarta. Colaizzi method was used to identify core themes and patterns. Results: Four themes were found: the importance of sex education for children with intellectual disability, the mother has the most important role in providing sex education, the distinction of sex education for children with intellectual disability, religion is important in sex education. Conclusions: Perception of parents in providing sex education to children with intellectual disability is different from parents with normal children. Parents should be earlier deliver sex education to protect them from sex abuse and the method of giving sex education with practice. The role of parents, especially mother is very important to provide sex education than father.
Geological Maps in the Kurdistan Region
Authors: Siakian Varoujan K. 
Published: July 2018

In all countries, an accurate geologic map is needed to understand the Earth’s resources. It is the vital source of information for various aspects of land-use planning, such as assessment of oil wealth, utilization of the decision-makers, and planners. In the Iraqi Kurdistan Region, unfortunately, detailed geological maps at a scale of 1:20,000 are not available, especially along the extreme northern and northeastern parts where minerals showing exist there. However, geological maps at a scale of 1:1,00,000 and 1:2,50,000 are available, but they cannot be utilized for the above-mentioned uses.
La metodología de la enseñanza para la comprensión en la mejora del rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de la Educación Superior: el caso de la Universidad de El Salvador
Authors: Hernández Monterrosa Antonia Larissa 
Published: July 2018

El modelo de enseñanza para la comprensión (EpC) constituye un enfoque de enseñanza-aprendizaje basado en competencias y desempeños. Este se desarrolló en la década de los noventa en el proyecto Zero, en la Universidad de Harvad. La metodología para realizar la investigación fue de tipo descriptivo; la muestra fue por conveniencia: participaron 40 docentes y 20 estudiantes de la universidad. Para la recolección de la información se formaron focus groups y se usó la técnica de la entrevista a profundidad, con su respectiva guía de entrevista. El principal resultado es que los docentes de la universidad desconocen la forma técnica el concepto de la enseñanza para la comprensión; sin embargo, utilizan diferentes estrategias para los estudiantes asimilen los contenidos establecidos en los programas de estudio. Se concluye que la comprensión es un proceso nivel intelectual avanzado que estimula el discente a formar pensamiento organizado y crítico ante la realidad para resolver problemas de forma creativa y eficiente.
GAMBAR ILUSTRASI BUKU CERITA ANAK-ANAK SEBAGAI PELESTARIAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN BUDAYA DI ERA GLOBALISASI
Authors: Kristanto Kristanto 
Published: July 2018

Rapidly changing time is makeresponsiveteaching methodsshould be increasinglyinnovative.It's alsoapushfor theeducatorsto be vigilantin the face ofunderstanding the value- the valueas opposedtostudentsandyoung peopleespeciallyvalue- the value ofarts and cultureshouldprospectivelybepreserved andattached to theinspirationof future generations. The methodiseasilystimulatedand responded toby the younger generationis throughillustration, because it isvisual, can be seen, komonikatif, informativeandeasy to understand. From an early age, children need to beequipped with alearningculture throughchildren's storybooks-childrenwhoareIllustrativeasinvestmentvalue- the value ofculturein children-childrenwhocan protectthemselvesandrespondto thechallenges ofglobalizationbothpresentand future.
PENINGKATAN PRESTASI BELAJAR IPA MATERI ENERGI PANAS DAN BUNYI MELALUI METODE DISKUSI KELOMPOK DI KELAS IV SD NEGERI BINTORO 16 SEMESTER 2 TAHUN PELAJARAN 2015/2016
Authors: Lestari Sri Hastuti Siwi 
Published: July 2018

Berdasarkan hasil ulangan mata pelajaran IPA dengan materi energi panas dan energi bunyi yang diikuti oleh 23% yang memperoleh nilai rata-rata kelas 50,8. Dari nilai rata–rata kelas yang hanya 50,8 berarti kemampuan siswa dalam menguasai mata pelajaran IPA masih di bawah Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM) yang ditetapkan SD Negeri Bintoro 16 Semester 2 Tahun Pelajaran 2015/2016 untuk kelas IV sebesar 65. Kurang berhasilnya siswa dalam pembelajaran IPA dengan materi energi panas dan energi bunyi ini kemungkinan siswa tidak mampu memahami materi pelajaran, guru dalam proses pembelajaran tidak menggunakan metode, media serta pendekatan pembelajaran yang tepat dan sesuai materi yang disajikan sehingga setiap penanaman konsep dasar kurang dapat dipahami oleh siswa secara sempurna, akhirnya siswa kurang tertarik pada materi pelajaran IPA yang disajikan oleh guru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan peningkatan prestasi belajar IPA melalui metode diskusi kelompok tentang energi panas dan energi bunyi di kelas IV semester 2. Desain penelitian adalah penelitian tindakan kelas terdiri dari dua siklus yaitu siklus I dan siklus I yang dilaksanakan dalam empat tahap, yaitu perencanaan, tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa prestasi belajar siswa tentang energi panas dan bunyi melalui metode diskusi kelompok di kelas IV SD Negeri Bintoro 16 ada peningkatan dari siklus I ke siklus II. Peningkatan ini dapat diketahui dari hasil tes siklus I sebesar 60,8% dan siklus II sebesar 82,6%, ada peningkatan sebesar 21,8% dan nilai rata-rata ketuntasan klasikal lebih dari 65% dari jumlah siswa.
PENINGKATAN PRESTASI BELAJAR IPA MATERI PESAWAT SEDERHANA MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN THINK PAIR SHARE (TPS) DI KELAS V SD NEGERI BINTORO 16 SEMESTER II TAHUN PELAJARAN 2015/2016
Authors: Mustika Nurhayati 
Published: July 2018

Berdasarkan nilai ulangan mata pelajaran IPA tentang pesawat sederhana, data yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa prestasi belajar siswa kelas V Semester II SD Negeri Bintoro 16 masih di bawah KKM (Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal) yaitu 65. Nilai tes formatif siswa tentang pesawat sederhana, yaitu dari 24 siswa hanya 6 siswa tuntas belajar (sesuai KKM yaitu ≥ 65), sedangkan 18 siswa tidak tuntas belajar. Jadi persentase ketuntasan belajar siswa di kelas V yaitu siswa yang tuntas belajar sekitar 25% dan yang tidak tuntas belajar sekitar 75%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan peningkatan prestasi belajar IPA tentang pesawat sederhana melalui model pembelajaran Think Pair Share (TPS) di kelas V SD Negeri Bintoro 16. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V SD Negeri Bintoro 16 Demak Tahun pelajaran 2015/2016 yang berjumlah 24 siswa. Desain penelitian adalah penelitian tindakan kelas terdiri dari dua siklus yaitu siklus I dan siklus II. Pengumpulan data diperoleh dari hasil tes, observasi, jurnal. Sedangkan Analisis data meliputi data kualitatif dan data kuantitatif.Berdasarkan analisis data penelitian hasil tes formatif dari siklus I ke siklus II mengalami peningkatan. Peningkatan ini dapat diketahui dari hasil tes siklus I sebesar 62,5% dan siklus II sebesar 83,3%, ada peningkatan sebesar 20,8% dan batas tuntas belajar secara klasikal yang memperoleh nilai lebih dari 65 lebih dari 65%.
RELEVANSI TEMA KURIKULUM 2013 SEKOLAH DASAR MUATAN LOKAL - NASIONAL
Authors: Suyitno Suyitno , Utami Hadi Riwayati 
Published: July 2018

Pada tahun pelajaran 2014/2015, secara nasional satuan pendidikan dapat memilih dalam mengimplementasikan Kurikulum 2006 atau Kurikulum 2013. Sementara itu, Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Tengah mewajibkan semua satuan pendidikan negeri dan swasta di Jawa Tengah untuk mengimplementasikan pembelajaran bahasa Jawa. Sehubungan dengan penerapan pembelajaran tematik terpadu dalam Kurikulum 2013 SD/MI, maka perlu diteliti kerelevanan tema antara dua kurikulum dimaksud. Permasalahan dalam kajian ini adalah: apakah di dalam Kurikulum 2013 Muatan Lokal Bahasa Jawa SD/MI terdapat tema dan bagaimana relevansinya terhadap tema dalam Kurikulum 2013. Metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif-naturalistik dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui dokumentasi dan angket. Simpulan hasil penelitian adalah bahwa di dalam Kurikulum 2013 Muatan Lokal Bahasa Jawa SD tidak ditemukan tema secara eksplisit melainkan disajikan secara implisit dalam setiap kompetensi dasar. Di samping itu, tema Kurikulum 2013 Muatan Lokal Bahasa Jawa SD belum relevan dengan tema dalam Kurikulum 2013. Hal itu dibuktikan dengan telah diimplementasikannya Kurikulum 2013 pada tahun pelajaran 2016/2017 bagi kelas I dan IV pada semua satuan pendidikan responden. Sehubungan dengan tema yang belum relevan tersebut, maka perlu adanya peninjauan dan penyelarasan tema Kurikulum 2013 Muatan Lokal Bahasa Jawa terhadap tema Kurikulum 2013 jenjang sekolah dasar. Kata Kunci: relevansi tema, Kurikulum 2013, Muatan Lokal, bahasa Jawa.
3P (PROVISI, PROTEKSI, DAN PARTISIPASI) DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MENGGUNAKAN GAME DI MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH: PENERAPAN DAN TANTANGANNYA
Authors: Musarokah Siti 
Published: July 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) mengetahui jenis game yang diterapkan guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) dalam proses pembelajaran, 2) mendeskripsikan penerapan provisi, proteksi, dan partisipasi (3P) dalam pembelajaran menggukan game di MI, dan 3) untuk mendeskripsikan tantangan yang dihadapi guru dalam menerapkan 3P dalam pembelajaran menggunakan game. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah guru MI Husnul Khatimah Kecamatan Tembalang, Kota Semarang. Sample penelitian ini berjumlah 10 guru dan ditentukan dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Questioner dan wawancara digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data, dan kemudian data dianalisis dengan langkah reduksi data, data display, dan kesimpulan/verifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) jenis game yang terapkan oleh guru dalam proses pembelajaran masih sangat terbatas, yaitu Teka Teki Silang, Kartu Pintar, Tebak Nyanyi, Tebak Kata, Kartu Bergambar, Angka Bom Bilangan Loncat, dan Kuis Game; 2) 3P (Provisi, Proteksi, dan Partisipasi) sudah diterapkan dalam proses pembelajaran dengan sangat baik oleh sebagian besar guru, namun beberapa guru belum sepenuhnya menerapkannya; dan 3) dalam pembelajaran menggunakan game, guru mengalami banyak tantangan atau kendala, diantaranya adalah media bantunya terbatas, partisipasi anak masih terbatas, memerlukan tenaga dan waktu ekstra dalam menerapkannya, antar kelompok saling mengganggu, dan lain sebagainya. 3P (Provisi, Proteksi, dan Partispasi) juga menjadi kendala tersendiri bagi guru karena pemahaman mereka akan tiga prinsip dasar dalam pendidikan ramah anak ini masih terbatas. Kata Kunci: 3P (Provisi, Proteksi, dan Partisipasi), game, penerapan, tantangan