bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ankle Hindfoot Scale vs Comprehensive SRMC Scoring System in Acute Achilles Tendon Rupture
Authors: Nageswaran Jambu , Bedford Samuel Chittaranjan , Ram Ganesan Ganesan 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTThe existing scoring system like American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS)-ankle hindfoot scale, Leppilahti et al scoring system, Achilles tendon total rupture score, foot and ankle outcome score, the physical activity scale (PAS) questionnaire and Tegner activity score were not designed to evaluate all the parameters following surgical treatment of Achilles tendon rupture. Hence, we developed a comprehensive score called the comprehensive Sri Ramachandra Medical College (SRMC) scoring system. We compared the results of 60 patients who were surgically treated for acute Achilles tendon rupture using our comprehensive SRMC scoring system with the most commonly used AOFAS-ankle hindfoot scale.ResultsWe found that there was 6.7% poor results using our scoring system, whereas no poor results using AOFAS scoring system mainly because our scoring system also assesses quality of life, patient satisfaction and tendon strength. Similarly, there was 10% fair results in our scoring system compared to 3.3% in AOFAS scale indicating that our scoring system is more sensitive. Comprehensive SRMC scoring system was found to be reliable statistically as per alpha method (α = 0.7787) and was statistically significant at p < 0.001.ConclusionComprehensive SRMC scoring system was found to be superior to AOFAS scale specifically for analyzing Achilles tendon repair. Poor results are likely to be picked up by our scoring system which has been shown in our results.How to cite this articleNageswaran J, Ram GG, Bedford SC. Ankle Hindfoot Scale vs Comprehensive Srmc Scoring System in Acute Achilles Tendon Rupture. J Foot Ankle Surg (Asia- Pacific) 2015;2(2):77-79.
Correction of Resistant/Relapsed/Neglected Clubfeet by Differential Distraction with a Simple Unconstrained Ilizarov Construct
Authors: Ganesan Ganesan Ram , Harshavardhan Giriraj 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
External fixators were used to correct difficult clubfeet by the principle of differential distraction. Following the distraction phase, the fixator was conventionally maintained for a prolonged period to prevent recurrence. The purpose of the study was to analyze whether early removal of the fixator followed by Ponseti's technique of manipulation is compatible with good result and maintenance of correction at long-term follow-up.

Materials and methods
A total of 21 children with resistant/ relapsed/neglected clubfeet in the age group of 2 to 13 years were treated by an unconstrained Ilizarov frame and differential distraction. Once the deformity was clinically corrected, the distraction was stopped and the fixator was removed after 3 weeks. During removal of the fixator, the feet were manipulated according to Ponseti's principles and if necessary a posterior TendoAchilles lengthening/tenotomy was done to obtain more dorsiflexion. Above-knee plaster casts were applied for a period of 3 weeks. Following removal of casts, measurements were taken for foot abduction orthosis and a below-knee cast was applied till the foot abduction orthosis was ready. The foot abduction orthosis was used at nighttime. Parents were taught to manipulate the feet after each meal.

Results
Good clinical correction was obtained in all feet. At 2 years follow-up, correction was well maintained, implying that there is no risk of recurrence if the fixator is removed early during the static phase. The use of Ponseti's technique at fixator removal may also help in reducing the risk of recurrence.

Conclusion
Clubfeet can be easily corrected by differential distraction using external fixators. Early removal of fixator followed by the application of Ponseti's technique of manipulation gives good correction of deformity and does not increase the rates of recurrence.

How to cite this article
Harshavardhan G, Ganesan GR. Correction of Resistant/Relapsed/Neglected Clubfeet by Differential Distraction with a Simple Unconstrained Ilizarov Construct. J Foot Ankle Surg (Asia-Pacific) 2016;3(1):1-5.
Minifragment T-plate Fixation: An Alternative Method for Medial Malleolus Fracture Fixation
Authors: Ahmed Mannan , Sohal Harminder S , Garg Radhe S , Jindal Sanjeev , Wadhwani Jitendra , Bansal Vivek 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT

Aim
Modern trend in the management of fractures is fast changing in favor of rigid fixation and early mobilization with minimal period of plaster immobilization. We present a prospective cohort study of fixation of medial malleolus fractures with Minifragment T-plate and its evaluation in terms of maintenance of accurate anatomical reduction, stable fixation, and early restoration of functions.

Materials and methods
A total of 25 patients of median age 45 years (22–70), with medial malleolus fractures were treated by open reduction and internal fixation using Minifragment T-plate. Outcome was evaluated using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle-Hindfoot Score.

Results
A total of 80% cases had anatomical reduction, 12% had good reduction (<2 mm displacement), 4% had fair reduction (2–5 mm displacement), and 4% had poor reduction (>5 mm displacement). After 6 months follow-up, outcome was excellent in 20 cases (80%), 3 cases (12%) had good result, and 2 cases (8%) had fair result according to AOFAS score. Out of 25 cases, in 2 cases (8%) infection occurred, 6 cases (24%) had limitation of movements, 1 case (4%) had instability at ankle, and 2 cases (8%) had delayed union of fracture.

Conclusion
Weighing the advantages and disadvantages of fixation with Minifragment T-plate, it can be safely concluded that Minifragment T-plate can be an effective alternative option in the management of medial malleolus fractures. At the same time, it is warned that this technique should not be used indiscriminately without technical skill.

Clinical significance
Minifragment T-plate fixation provides rigid fixation along with early return of movements with limited period of immobilization. Studying this alternative method expands the present knowledge for management of medial malleolus fractures.

How to cite this article
Sohal HS, Garg RS, Jindal S, Wadhwani J, Bansal V, Ahmed M. Minifragment T-plate Fixation: An Alternative Method for Medial Malleolus Fracture Fixation. J Foot Ankle Surg (Asia-Pacific) 2016;3(1):10-14.
Diabetic Foot Disease—Incidence and Risk Factors: A Clinical Study
Authors: Kapila Rajesh , Sharma Rakesh , Sharma Ashwani K , Mann Jagsir 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTDiabetic foot disease is one of the most common, yet dreaded long-term complication of diabetes mellitus, especially in developing countries. It is the single-most common cause of nontraumatic lower limb amputations. Various studies worldwide have shown an incidence of diabetic foot to be 15 to 25%. Elderly males who are smokers and have habit of alcohol intake and have long duration of type 2 diabetes are at major risk for this problem. The other significant risk factors are: Poor glycemic control, neuropathy, angiopathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy. Management of diabetic foot disease involves a multidisciplinary approach. The present study was conducted with the aim to know about the prevalence of the incidence of diabetic foot disease in diabetic patients and to enumerate the different risk factors associated with it for the occurrence of diabetic foot disease in such patients at the time of presentation.Over a period of 1 year, a prospective study involving 1,016 diabetic patients as per World Health Organization (WHO) criteria were screened for diabetic foot disease. All cases were graded as per University of Texas classification. Incidence of diabetic foot disease was calculated and the risk factors were identified through proper history taking, clinical evaluation, and specialized tests as and when required.Some of the common risk factors identified in our study were: Elderly males from poor families having long-term type 2 diabetes and who were smokers and alcoholics. Many of these patients had other systemic complications of diabetes in the form of neuropathy, retinopathy, angiopathy, and nephropathy as well. A very important, yet easily modifiable risk factor was poor glycemic control. Our conclusion from the study is being that the diabetic foot disease is much common than anticipated in diabetes mellitus patients; it is on the rise and the resultant morbidity is very crippling to the affected individuals. Therefore it is very important to identify the risk factors and educate patients about them, especially the modifiable risk factors, so that its incidence and the morbidity can be brought down significantly.How to cite this articleSharma R, Kapila R, Sharma AK, Mann J. Diabetic Foot Disease—Incidence and Risk Factors: A Clinical Study. J Foot Ankle Surg (Asia-Pacific) 2016;3(1):41-46.
A Rare Case of Primary Synovial Chondromatosis of the Ankle
Authors: Chathoth Viswanathan , Sankaranarayanan Sriram 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
Synovial chondromatosis is a condition where the synovial lining of joints, tendons, or bursa undergoes metaplasia into cartilaginous loose bodies. Primary synovial chondromatosis of the ankle joint is very rare and less commonly reported in literature. We report a case of primary synovial chondromatosis of the ankle that we encountered in our clinic. A 33-year-old male patient presented with a history of multiple swellings around his right ankle joint, along with dull aching pain. Both the clinical examination and X-rays were suggestive of primary synovial chondromatosis of the ankle. We performed an open loose body removal and synovectomy of the ankle. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of primary synovial chondromatosis. We report this case owing to its rarity of presentation.

How to cite this article
Chathoth V, Sankaranarayanan S. A Rare Case of Primary Synovial Chondromatosis of the Ankle. J Foot Ankle Surg (Asia-Pacific) 2016;3(1):53-55.
Ankle Fusion in grossly deformed “Idiopathic Charcot's Neuroarthropathy”
Authors: Jha SS 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
This typical case aged 65 years is reported with history of injury in childhood, clinically has progressed to ankle fusion following surgery 7 years early with multiple screws. Anti-tumor necrosis factor / methotrexate is recommended early in management to prevent progression of inflammatory pathology.

How to cite this article
Jha SS. Ankle Fusion in grossly deformed “Idiopathic Charcot's Neuroarthropathy”. J Foot Ankle Surg (Asia-Pacific) 2016;3(2):117-120.
Evaluation of Outcome of Management of Distal Tibial Fractures using Distal Tibial Locking Plate
Authors: Kapila Rajesh , Ahmed Mannan , Garg Radhe S , Jindal Sanjeev , Bansal Vivek 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT

Aim
The modern trend in the management of fractures is fast changing in favor of rigid fixation and early mobilization with minimal period of plaster immobilization. We present a prospective cohort study of fixation of distal tibial fractures with distal tibial locking plate and its evaluation in terms of maintenance of accurate anatomical reduction, stable fixation, with early restoration of functions.

Materials and methods
A total of 25 patients with median age 38.04 years, age range 19 to 70, with distal tibial fracture were treated by using distal tibial locking plate. The outcome was evaluated using American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score.

Results
The majority of fractures in this study were extraarticular (64%), while 20% were partial articular fractures and 16% were complete articular fractures. Out of 25 patients, 6 patients had superficial infection and 1 patient had deep infection. Out of 25 cases, 5 cases had union by 16 weeks, 11 cases by 20 weeks, 7 cases had union by 30 weeks, and 2 cases had nonunion. According to AOFAS score at 6 months, 4 cases had score of 31 to 70 and 21 cases had score of 71 to 100.

Conclusion
The results of our study corroborate with the contemporary literature relevant to distal tibial fracture fixation performed with various locking plates. Therefore, locking compression plate is a good device to stabilize the fracture of the distal tibial.

Clinical significance
Locking plates are a good device to stabilize the fractures of the distal tibial, especially when used in conjunction with meticulous intraoperative handling of soft tissue and active participation of patients in rehabilitation program. Studying this alternative method expands the present knowledge for the management of distal tibial fractures.

How to cite this article
Ahmed M, Jindal S, Bansal V, Kapila R, Garg RS. Evaluation of Outcome of Management of Distal Tibial Fractures using Distal Tibial Locking Plate. J Foot Ankle Surg (Asia-Pacific) 2017;4(1):5-9.
Composite Flexor Hallucis Longus and Free Gracillis Flap for Infected Achilles Tendon
Authors: Simon Rajesh , Jose Denis P , Gadgil, Atmaram 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
Primary infection of tendo-achilles (TA) is quite uncommon. Here, we are presenting an interesting case of a 42-year-old farmer who developed TA infection following thorn prick injury (3-month-old injury). He presented to us with discharging sinus on posterior aspect of heel. On subsequent debridement, he had 17 cm tendon defect, which was treated with flexor hallucis longus (FHL) tendon and reinforced with free gracillis flap from opposite thigh. However, to the best of our knowledge, combined use of FHL and gracillis tendon has so far not reported.

How to cite this article
Simon R, Gadgil A, Jose DP. Composite Flexor Hallucis Longus and Free Gracillis Flap for Infected Achilles Tendon. J Foot Ankle Surg (Asia-Pacific) 2017;4(2):100-102.
Informed Consent Process in the New Millennium
Authors: Pal Ranabir , Paul Swapan K 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
In this new millennium, the clinical trial is inseparably linked with an upgrade of health care by generating invaluable data in preventive, promotive and curative health. Globally research experts have concerns regarding ensuring financial and other compensations along with optimum health benefits for research participants in clinical trials in the emerging market economy. A significant number of human healthy volunteers (participants) take part in researches in both developed and developing countries. Participants are frequently unaware that the informed consent process is mandatory for investigators, funders and participants and their free will must be documented. There are sparse published medical works of literature that attempted to assess the extent to which all the norms of the informed consent process are followed in Indian settings in this area to the best of our knowledge. We need to conduct researches on the preparedness of the clinical trials participants towards their awareness of the criticality of the informed consent process and their motives for participation. This narrative review enlightened the facts that very patient, extensive and careful transparent narration and dissemination of the information can only ensure truly informed and autonomous decision improving the validity of the study.
Total knee arthroplasty using modified measured resection: a five-year retrospective review of midterm outcomes
Authors: Dung Tran , Nang Vo , Son Dinh , Du Hoang , Long Nguyen , Son Le , Toan Duong , Minh Do , Phuong Nguyen , Thanh Ma 
Published: September 2019

IntroductionDeforming arthrosis, or osteoarthritis, is the most common rheumatic disease that involves the musculoskeletal system. The purpose of this research is to perform a retrospective review of the quality of life of patients with knee arthrosis, who underwent total knee arthroplasty (TKA) no less than five years ago, to evaluate, based on the Knee Society Scoring System, the efficacy of a modified measured resection technique, and to investigate factors that affect the outcomes.Material and methodsThe research sample consisted of 44 patients who had severe osteoarthrosis, Kellgren-Lawrence grade III and grade IV.ResultsThe post-operative complications occurred in seven knee joints. Among them there were two cases of infection, two cases of periprosthesis fracture, and two cases of aseptic instability, each pair accounting for 4.3%, and one case of femoropatellar pain (2.3%). The remaining 38 knee joints (84.8%) were free of complications.ConclusionsKnee arthrosis is a serious health problem, given the significant rate of disability among patients and the significant reduction in the quality of life. Patients often seek medical help at the later stages of the disease, when pain is strong and knee function is significantly reduced. The approach to rehabilitation procedures and, in some cases, to lifestyle improvement should be more responsible.
SPILL IMPACT MITIGATION ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORK FOR OIL SPILL RESPONSE PLANNING IN THE ARCTIC ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Robinson Hilary , Gardiner William , Wenning Richard J. , Rempel-Hester Mary Ann 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT #2017-351 When there is risk for oil release into the marine environment, the priority for planners and responders is to protect human health and to minimize environmental impacts. The selection of appropriate response option(s) depends upon a wide range of information including data on the fate and behavior of oil and treated oil, the habitats and organisms that are potentially exposed, and the potential for effects and recovery following exposure. Spill Impact Management Assessment (SIMA; a refinement of Net Environmental Benefits Analysis, or NEBA, in the context of oil spill response) and similar comparative risk assessment (CRA) approaches provide responders a systematic method to compare and contrast the relative environmental benefits and consequences of different response alternatives. Government and industry stakeholders have used this approach increasingly in temperate and subtropical regions to establish environmental protection priorities and identify response strategies during planning that minimize impacts and maximize the potential for environmental recovery. Historically, the ability to conduct CRA-type assessments in the Arctic has been limited by insufficient information relevant to oil-spill response decision making. However, with an increased interest in shipping and oil and gas development in the Arctic, a sufficiently robust scientific and ecological information base is emerging in the Arctic that can support meaningful SIMA. Based on a summary of over 3,000 literature references on Arctic ecosystems and the fate and effects of oil and treated oil in the Arctic, we identify key input parameters supporting a SIMA evaluation of oil spill response in the Arctic and introduce a web portal developed to facilitate access to the literature and key considerations supporting SIMA.
Limitations on the Use of Spill Treating Agents at Low Temperature
Authors: Fieldhouse Ben , Alsaafin Alaa , Jung Caroline , Dave Sailly , Guest Brandon 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT 2017-367 Selecting appropriate countermeasures for spill response requires access to reliable information on the utility and limitations of available countermeasures for the oil type and environmental conditions encountered. The scope of use for four classes of oil spill treating agent was assessed using laboratory tests to provide insight to the functional limitations relative to low temperature. Dispersant effectiveness is found to be relatively unaffected by temperature, however the rheological properties of oil that physically limit dispersibility are temperature-dependent. A limiting threshold value for effective dispersion is established at which rheological properties dominate, while remaining highly dispersible below the threshold. Surface washing agent effectiveness is shown to be impacted by both the increased viscosity of the oil at low temperatures, as well as reduced penetration of the product into the oil. Greater benefit may be achieved through SWA use as an enhancement to warm water flushing, ensuring selection of a product with favorable cold-weather qualities to penetrate heavy oil residue. Herder effectiveness was not examined, however an assessment of physical properties found that product density may limit the scope of use in fresh water. Both products assessed had density values very near that of water. At low temperatures one of the assessed products became negatively buoyant in fresh water, with implications to marine applications where salinity at the surface is reduced. Solidifier effectiveness was found to modestly improve with decreasing temperature, reaching a limit at the point that the solidifier-treated oil lost cohesiveness as a gel. At a temperature of −10 °C, the solidifier is merely a rigid particulate sorbent; however, functionality is restored when the temperature is raised.
Thermal Transport in 3D Nanostructures
Authors: Zhan Haifei , Nie Yihan , Chen Yongnan , Bell John M. , Gu Yuantong 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis work summarizes the recent progress on the thermal transport properties of 3D nanostructures, with an emphasis on experimental results. Depending on the applications, different 3D nanostructures can be prepared or designed to either achieve a low thermal conductivity for thermal insulation or thermoelectric devices or a high thermal conductivity for thermal interface materials used in the continuing miniaturization of electronics. A broad range of 3D nanostructures are discussed, ranging from colloidal crystals/assemblies, array structures, holey structures, hierarchical structures, to 3D nanostructured fillers for metal matrix composites and polymer composites. Different factors that impact the thermal conductivity of these 3D structures are compared and analyzed. This work provides an overall understanding of the thermal transport properties of various 3D nanostructures, which will shed light on the thermal management at nanoscale.
Graphene Nanoarchitectonics: Recent Advances in Graphene‐Based Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Huang Huajie , Yan Minmin , Yang Cuizhen , He Haiyan , Jiang Quanguo , Yang Lu , Lu Zhiyong , Sun Ziqi , Xu Xingtao , Bando Yoshio , Yamauchi Yusuke 
Published: September 2019

AbstractUnder the double pressures of both the energy crisis and environmental pollution, the exploitation and utilization of hydrogen, a clean and renewable power resource, has become an important trend in the development of sustainable energy‐production and energy‐consumption systems. In this regard, the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) provides an efficient and clean pathway for the mass production of hydrogen fuel and has motivated the design and construction of highly active HER electrocatalysts of an acceptable cost. In particular, graphene‐based electrocatalysts commonly exhibit an enhanced HER performance owing to their distinctive structural merits, including a large surface area, high electrical conductivity, and good chemical stability. Considering the rapidly growing research enthusiasm for this topic over the last several years, herein, a panoramic review of recent advances in graphene‐based electrocatalysts is presented, covering various advanced synthetic strategies, microstructural characterizations, and the applications of such materials in HER electrocatalysis. Lastly, future perspectives on the challenges and opportunities awaiting this emerging field are proposed and discussed.