bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exercise addiction in adolescents and emerging adults – Validation of a youth version of the Exercise Addiction Inventory
Authors: Lichtenstein Mia Beck , Griffiths Mark D. , Hemmingsen Simone Daugaard , Støving René Klinkby 
Published: February 2018

Background
Behavioral addictions often onset in adolescence and increase the risk of psychological and social problems later in life. The core symptoms of addiction are tolerance, withdrawal symptoms, lack of control, and compulsive occupation with the behavior. Psychometrically validated tools are required for detection and early intervention. Adolescent screening instruments exist for several behavioral addictions including gambling and video gaming addiction but not for exercise addiction. Given recent empirical and clinical evidence that a minority of teenagers appear to be experiencing exercise addiction, a psychometrically robust screening instrument is required.

Aims
The aim of this study was to develop and test the psychometric properties of a youth version of the Exercise Addiction Inventory (EAI) – a robust screening instrument that has been used across different countries and cultures – and to assess the prevalence of exercise addiction and associated disturbed eating.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey was administered to three high-risk samples (n = 471) aged 11–20 years (mean age: 16.3 years): sport school students, fitness center attendees, and patients with eating disorder diagnoses. A youth version of the EAI (EAI-Y) was developed and distributed. Participants were also screened for disordered eating with the SCOFF Questionnaire.

Results
Overall, the EAI-Y demonstrated good reliability and construct validity. The prevalence rate of exercise addiction was 4.0% in school athletes, 8.7% in fitness attendees, and 21% in patients with eating disorders. Exercise addiction was associated with feelings of guilt when not exercising, ignoring pain and injury, and higher levels of body dissatisfaction.
FDA Approval Summary: Lenalidomide as Maintenance Therapy After Autologous Stem Cell Transplant in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Pulte Elizabeth Dianne , Dmytrijuk Andrew , Nie Lei , Goldberg Kirsten B. , McKee Amy E. , Farrell Ann T. , Pazdur Richard 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

On February 22, 2017, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted approval for the use of lenalidomide as maintenance therapy after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) for patients with multiple myeloma. The approval was based on evidence from two randomized, blinded trials of maintenance lenalidomide versus placebo in patients with myeloma who had undergone auto-HSCT along with a third trial of lenalidomide versus no therapy. Each of the trials demonstrated superior progression-free survival for the patients treated with lenalidomide. The effect on overall survival was mixed, with one trial showing longer overall survival and another showing no effect. Subgroup analysis suggested better results for patients with International Staging System stage I or II disease compared with stage III disease. Safety evaluation did not reveal any new safety concerns. More second primary malignancies were observed in the lenalidomide arm compared with the placebo arm. The FDA concluded that lenalidomide maintenance showed a favorable benefit-to-risk ratio when used as maintenance therapy after auto-HSCT.

Implications for Practice
Prior to this approval, there were no U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved maintenance therapies for patients with multiple myeloma (MM) who have undergone autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT). Maintenance therapy with lenalidomide after auto-HSCT in patients with MM demonstrated an approximately 15- to 18-month advantage in progression-free survival compared with placebo at the time of the primary analysis. Patients treated with lenalidomide also appeared to have a survival advantage compared with patients treated with placebo. Because of the high rate of relapse of MM in patients following auto-HSCT and because MM is a serious and often fatal disease, these results appear to be clinically meaningful.
Experimental investigation of biogas production from feedlot cattle manure
Authors: Rosenberg Logan , Kornelius Gerrit 
Published: February 2018

Biogas can be generated from biomass in an anaerobic digestion process and used to generate electricity and heat as an alternative energy source to fossil fuel-generated electricity. This study investigated biogas generation from cattle manure dried for periods up to 40 days. Manure samples were analysed for gas yield using the biochemical methane production test. The biogas volume produced by manure samples aged for periods up to 40 days after seeding with cattle rumen fluid was measured as a function of time until there was no further measurable gas production. The biogas was analysed for methane and carbon dioxide content using a gas chromatograph. The corresponding cumulative net biogas yield ranged from 154 to 369 Nml/g.VS respectively. The test results showed that an average of 240 Nml/g.VS of biogas can be produced from cattle manure that is less than 40 days old, with an average methane and carbon dioxide percentage of 63% and 31% respectively. Within 3 to 4 days the manure samples generated 80% of the final biogas volume. The drying process was found to occur at a constant rate per unit area, regardless of the manure thickness up to thickness of 200 mm. Biogas formation closely followed the Gompertz equation. There was no significant difference in the biogas production nor biogas production rate for cattle feedlot manure that was fresh up until aging to 40 days.
An assessment of crop residues as potential renewable energy source for cement industry in Malawi
Authors: Gondwe Kenneth J. , Chiotha Sosten S. , Mkandawire Theresa , Zhu Xianli , Painuly Jyoti , Taulo John L. 
Published: February 2018

Crop residues have been undervalued as a source of renewable energy to displace coal in the national energy mix for greenhouse emission reduction in Malawi. Switching to crop residues as an alternative energy source for energy-intensive industries such as cement manufacturing is hampered by uncertainties in crop residue availability, cost and quality. In this study, future demand for energy and availability of crop residues was assessed, based on data at the sub-national level. Detailed energy potentials from crop residues were computed for eight agricultural divisions. The results showed that the projected total energy demands in 2020, 2025 and 2030 were approximately 177 810 TJ, 184 210 TJ and 194 096 TJ respectively. The highest supply potentials were found to be in the central and southern regions of Malawi, coinciding with the locations of the two clinker plants. Crop residues could meet 45–57% of the national total energy demand. The demand from the cement industry is only 0.8% of the estimated biomass energy potential. At an annual production of 600 000 t of clinker and 20% biomass co-firing with coal, 18 562 t of coal consumption would be avoided and 46 128 t of carbon dioxide emission reduction achieved per year. For sustainability, holistic planning and implementation would be necessary to ensure the needs of various users of crop residues are met. Furthermore, there would be a need to address social, economic and environmental barriers of the crop residue-based biomass energy supply chain. Future research should focus on local residue-to-product ratios and their calorific values.
Assessing the financial viability of the floricultural industry in Ghana
Authors: Donkor Emmanuel , Owusu-Sekyere Enoch , Owusu Victor , Saadu Samira , Baidoo Jacqueline , Yaw Hennor Avame , Kwesi Djamson Eric , Serbeh Felix Owusu 
Published: February 2018

This study determines the financial viability of the floricultural industry in Ghana using both discounting and non-discounting investment appraisal methods. The feasibility analysis suggests that large-scale floricultural firms are more profitable particularly with the production of cut flowers. However, investors with limited capital can venture into small-scale production specifically cut flowers. The conclusion is that the floriculture industry is financially viable therefore investors are encouraged to expend their resources in the industry. We recommend that the government and stakeholders need to create institutional support to enable the already established firms to further develop and attract new investors in the sector.
JEL. Code: Q13
Las exportaciones y el crecimiento económico en Boyacá Colombia 1980-2015
Authors: Rodríguez Willyam Cáceres , Agudelo-Cely Omaira Inés , Tejedor-Estupiñán Ricardo Alonso 
Published: February 2018

Este artículo analiza la relación entre el crecimiento del producto interno bruto y las exportaciones del departamento de Boyacá durante el período 1980-2015. Se encuentra evidencia para validar la hipótesis que afirma que el crecimiento económico está fuertemente influenciado por las exportaciones. Se utiliza un modelo econométrico de series de tiempo (VAR). Los resultados obtenidos a través de la aplicación de las pruebas de cointegración de Johansen y causalidad de Granger indican que las exportaciones industriales principalmente y, en menor medida, las exportaciones primarias causan impactos positivos en el producto neto de exportaciones. Las pruebas de impulso respuesta también corroboran dicha relación. Lo anterior confirma la importancia que tiene el comercio exterior como medio para potenciar las ventajas comparativas que ofrece la oferta exportadora del departamento de Boyacá.
EFECTO DEL TIPO DE CATION INTERLAMINAR SOBRE LA CAPACIDAD DE PILARIZACIÓN DE LA MICA SINTÉTICA Na-2-Mica Y LA FORMACIÓN in – situ DE NANOCLUSTERS DE MnS
Authors: Ruiz Bravo Lisette , Galeano Luis Alejandro , Pazos Zarama Mery Carolina 
Published: February 2018

En este trabajo se sintetizó la Na-2-mica por el método sol – gel y se estudió el efecto del intercambio catiónico con litio y hexadecilamonio, previo al proceso de pilarización con el policatión de Keggin de Al, el estudio se realizó variando la densidad de pilares (10,20 y 30 meq. Al3+/g. de mica). El intercambio previo con cationes de hexadecilamonio garantizó la expansión de la interlámina; sin embargo el estudio reveló que después del tratamiento térmico en el proceso de pilarización, la interlámina no se mantiene expandida como lo hacen típicamente los minerales de arcilla pilareados, debido a la elevada carga laminar y a los sitios fuertemente ácidos de la mica. La mayoría de los materiales obtenidos formaron partículas de alúmina (Al2O3) en la interlámina. Adicionalmente se estudió la formación de nanoclusters de MnS incorporados en los materiales resultantes de la pilarización, cuya incorporación se vio restringida respecto al contenido de Al, posiblemente porque la fase alúmina interlaminar impidió el crecimiento de los nanoclusters, por lo que se depositaron sobre la superficie del sólido. Todos los materiales se caracterizaron principalmente por DRX, análisis elemental, estimación de la capacidad de intercambio catiónico CIC y porcentaje de carga compensada - % CC.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Interaktif tentang Optika Berbasis Android Menggunakan Perangkat Lunak Ispring Suite 7.0 untuk Mahasiswa S-1 Pendidikan Fisika pada Pokok Bahasan Interferensi Cahaya
Authors: Sasahan Elfira Yulia , Oktova Raden , I.R.N. Oky Oktavia 
Published: February 2018

<p class="AbstractEnglish"><strong>Abstract:</strong> Light interference in the course Optics at undergraduate Physics Education is an abstract subject, and students need a practical, interactive medium for learning independently the material already given in lectures by the lecturer, especially for problem solving exercise. Therefore a study has been performed to develop an android-based interactive learning medium on light interference in Indonesian using the software Ispring Suite 7.0. The study was based on the ADDIE development model, which includes the steps: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The feasibility of the medium was validated using questionnaires by subject experts, media (IT) experts, and students as users. The feasibility level of the medium given by the subject experts, the media experts, and the students are, respectively, 87.94 %, 90.44 %, dan 87.99 %. It is concluded that the medium developed is highly feasible for independent learning.</p><p class="KeywordsEngish"> </p><p class="AbstrakIndonesia"><strong>Abstrak: </strong>Pokok bahasan interferensi cahaya dalam mata kuliah Optika S-1 Pendidikan Fisika bersifat abstrak, dan mahasiswa memerlukan media interaktif yang praktis untuk belajar secara mandiri materi yang diberikan dosen dalam tatap muka, terutama untuk berlatih soal secara mandiri. Oleh karena itu dilakukan penelitian untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran tentang interferensi cahaya berbasis android dalam bahasa Indonesia dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak Ispring Suite 7.0. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan model pengembangan ADDIE, yang meliputi langkah-langkah: <em>analysis</em> (analisis), <em>design </em>(desain), <em>development </em>(pengembangan), <em>implementation</em> (implementasi), dan <em>evaluation</em> (evaluasi). Untuk mengetahui kelayakan media dilakukan validasi melalui angket oleh ahli media (TI), ahli materi, dan pengguna mahasiswa. Tingkat kelayakan media yang diberikan oleh ahli materi, ahli media dan pengguna berturut-turut adalah sebesar 87,94 %, 90,44 %, dan 87,99 %. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa media yang dikembangkan sangat layak digunakan sebagai sumber belajar mandiri.</p>
Pengaruh Penerapan Metode Eksperimen Menggunakan Phet Simulation Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis dan Hasil Belajar Ditinjau dari Pengetahuan Awal Siswa SMP/MTs
Authors: Wiravanjava Wiravanjava 
Published: February 2018

<p class="AbstractEnglish"><strong>Abstract:</strong>. This study aims to determine the effect of the experimental method using PhET simulation on the ability of critical thinking and learning outcomes in review from the initial knowledge of students of class VIII MTsN Maguwoharjo Sleman. The population used is class VIII which is divided into 4 classes of parallel namely class VIII A, VIII B, VIII C, VIII D. Sampling is done randomly, so that obtained class VIII B as control class and class VIII C as experimental class treated with experimental method using PhET simulation. Technique of data retrieval is done by giving pretest to know early knowledge of student. Then do different learning, then students are given a post to know the ability of critical thinking and learning outcomes. Hypothesis testing was done by Mancova test using SPSS 17.0 program. based on the Mancova test that has been done, obtained the significance of the critical thinking ability 0,00 and the learning result is also 0.00. Since all of the significance below 0.05 means there is an influence of the application of experimental methods using PhET simulations to critical thinking skills and student learning outcomes</p><p class="AbstractEnglish"> </p><p class="AbstrakIndonesia"><strong>Abstrak:</strong> Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapkan metode eksperimen menggunakan simulasi PhET terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis dan hasil belajar di tinjau dari pengetahuan awal siswa kelas VIII MTsN Maguwoharjo Sleman. Populasi yang digunakan adalah kelas VIII yang terbagi dalam 4 kelas parallel yaitu kelas VIII A, VIII B, VIII C, VIII D. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara acak, sehingga diperoleh kelas VIII B sebagai kelas control dan kelas VIII C sebagai kelas eksperimen yang diberi perlakuan dengan metode eksperimen menggunakan simulasi PhET. Teknik pengambilan data dilakukan dengan memberikan pretest untuk mengetahui pengetahuan awal siswa. Kemudian dilakukan pembelajaran yang berbeda, selanjutnya siswa diberi postest untuk mengetahui kemampuan berpikir kritis dan hasil belajarnya. Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan uji Mancova dengan menggunakan program SPSS 17.0. berdasarkan uji Mancova yang telah dilakukan, diperoleh nilai signifikansi kemampuan berpikir kritis 0,00 dan hasil belajar juga 0,00. Karena semua signifikansinya di bawah 0,05 berarti terdapat pengaruh penerapan metode eksperimen menggunakan simulasi PhET terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis dan hasil belajar siswa.</p>
Pengaruh Penerapan Media Pembelajaran Gerbang Logika Berbasis IT Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Dan Hasil Belajar Mahasiswa
Authors: Kartikawati Sulistyaning , Pratama Hendrik 
Published: February 2018

<p class="AbstrakIndonesia"><strong>Abstrak</strong>: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Penerapan Media Pembelajaran <em>Gerbang Logika </em>Berbasis <em>IT</em> dalam meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Dan Hasil Belajar Mahasiswa. Penelitian ini berbentuk penelitian kuantitatif. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah satu kelas yang diambil dengan menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh. Kelas penelitian diberi perlakuan dengan menggunakan media pembelajaran <em>gerbang logika</em> berbasis <em>IT</em>. Adapun variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini adalah media pembelajaran <em>gerbang logika</em> berbasis <em>IT</em>, sedangkan variabel terikatnya adalah kemampuan berpikir dan hasil belajar mahasiswa. Teknik analisis data ada 2 macam yaitu teknik analisa data kemampuan berpikir dan teknik analisa data hasil belajar mahasiswa. Analisis uji hipotesis penelitian ini menggunakan uji-t dengan taraf signifikan 5 %. Kriteria uji-t adalah sebagai berikut, Ho diterima/H1 ditolak jika t hitung lebih kecil dari t tabel dan Ho ditolak/H1 diterima jika t hitung lebih besar dari t tabel. Dari hasil uji t untuk kemampuan berpikir diperoleh t hitung = 15,671, dan t tabel = 1,746, dan hasil uji t untuk hasil belajar diperoleh t hitung = 12,33 dan t tabel = 1,746, karena t hitung lebih besar dari t tabel maka Ho ditolak/H1 diterima, artinya terdapat pengaruh penerapan media pembelajaran gerbang logika berbasis IT dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir dan hasil belajar mahasiswa.</p>
State Variation in Medicaid Reimbursements for Orthopaedic Surgery
Authors: Lalezari Ramin M. , Pozen Alexis , Dy Christopher J. 
Published: February 2018

Update
This article was updated on September 12, 2019, because of previous errors. On page 238, in the Table I “Coefficient of Variation” column, the values that had read “0.70” now read “0.07.” On page 239, in the Results section entitled “Coefficient of Variation,” the sentence that had read “These values contrast with a very low variability in Medicare reimbursements, in which each of the 10 procedures had a coefficient of variation of 0.70 (Table I).” now reads “These values contrast with a very low variability in Medicare reimbursements, in which each of the 10 procedures had a coefficient of variation of 0.07 (Table I).”
An erratum has been published: J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2019 Oct 16;101(20):e112.

Background:
Medicaid reimbursements are determined by each state and are subject to variability. We sought to quantify this variation for commonly performed inpatient orthopaedic procedures.

Methods:
The 10 most commonly performed inpatient orthopaedic procedures, as ranked by the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) National Inpatient Sample, were identified for study. Medicaid reimbursement amounts for those procedures were benchmarked to state Medicare reimbursement amounts in 3 ways: (1) ratio, (2) dollar difference, and (3) dollar difference divided by the relative value unit (RVU) amount. Variability was quantified by determining the range and coefficient of variation for those reimbursement amounts.

Results:
The range of variability of Medicaid reimbursements among states exceeded $1,500 for all 10 procedures. The coefficients of variation ranged from 0.32 (hip hemiarthroplasty) to 0.57 (posterior or posterolateral lumbar interbody arthrodesis) (a higher coefficient indicates greater variability), compared with 0.07 for Medicare reimbursements for all 10 procedures. Adjusted as a dollar difference between Medicaid and Medicare per RVU, the median values ranged from −$8/RVU (total knee arthroplasty) to −$17/RVU (open reduction and internal fixation of the femur).

Conclusions:
Variability of Medicaid reimbursement for inpatient orthopaedic procedures among states is substantial. This variation becomes especially remarkable given recent policy shifts toward focusing reimbursements on value.
Fate of Manure‐Borne Pathogens during Anaerobic Digestion and Solids Separation
Authors: Burch Tucker R. , Spencer Susan K. , Borchardt Spencer S. , Larson Rebecca A. , Borchardt Mark A. 
Published: February 2018

Anaerobic digestion can inactivate zoonotic pathogens present in cattle manure, which reduces transmission of these pathogens from farms to humans through the environment. However, the variability of inactivation across farms and over time is unknown because most studies have examined pathogen inactivation under ideal laboratory conditions or have focused on only one or two full‐scale digesters at a time. In contrast, we sampled seven full‐scale digesters treating cattle manure in Wisconsin for 9 mo on a biweekly basis (n = 118 pairs of influent and effluent samples) and used real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction to analyze these samples for 19 different microbial genetic markers. Overall, inactivation of pathogens and fecal indicators was highly variable. When aggregated across digester and season, log‐removal values for several representative microorganisms—bovine Bacteroides, Bacteroidales‐like CowM3, and bovine polyomavirus—were 0.78 ± 0.34, 0.70 ± 0.50, and 0.53 ± 0.58, respectively (mean ± SD). These log‐removal values were up to two times lower than expected based on the scientific literature. Thus, our study indicates that full‐scale anaerobic digestion of cattle manure requires optimization with regard to pathogen inactivation. Future studies should focus on identifying the potential causes of this suboptimal performance (e.g., overloading, poor mixing, poor temperature control). Our study also examined the fate of pathogens during manure separation and found that the majority of microbes we detected ended up in the liquid fraction of separated manure. This finding has important implications for the transmission of zoonotic pathogens through the environment to humans.Core Ideas
Pathogen inactivation is highly variable among full‐scale anaerobic digesters.
Pathogen inactivation by full‐scale digesters on cattle farms needs optimization.
Most microbes end up in the liquid fraction during solids separation of manure.
Leakage reduction in water distribution system using efficient pressure management techniques. Case study: Nagpur, India
Authors: Gupta Aditya Dinesh , Kulat Kishore 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Leakages in water distribution system (WDS) are directly proportional to its operating pressure. Pressure management is becoming an important technique for reducing leakages in the water networks. This paper presents a pressure management technique for leakage reduction in north central WDS of Nagpur City, India, using variable speed pump and pressure reducing valves (PRVs). Variable speed pump is utilized for eliminating pressure deficiency during high demand and for reducing excess pressure causing leakage reduction during lower demand, by controlling the pump speed. PRVs have been used for further leakage reduction. This paper proposes a modified reference pressure algorithm for determining the location of valves in WDS. A multiobjective genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) is used to determine the optimized control value of pressure reducing valve with respect to change in demand pattern and to minimize the leakage rate in the WDS. Proposed pressure management technique leads to leakage reduction of 16.57% to 26.30% with respect to changes in demand pattern, causing daily average saving of 5.066 Ml. Minimum required pressure is maintained on every demand nodes to avoid pressure deficiency in WDS.