bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discontinuation and switching patterns of tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFis) in TNFi-naive and TNFi-experienced patients with psoriatic arthritis: an observational study from the US-based Corrona registry
Authors: Mease Philip J , Karki Chitra , Liu Mei , Li YouFu , Gershenson Bernice , Feng Hua , Hur Peter , Greenberg Jeffrey D 
Published: April 2019

ObjectiveTo examine patterns of tumour necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) use in TNFi-naive and TNFi-experienced patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in the USA.MethodsAll patients aged ≥18 years with PsA enrolled in the Corrona Psoriatic Arthritis/Spondyloarthritis Registry who initiated a TNFi (index therapy) between March 2013 and January 2017 and had ≥1 follow-up visit were included. Times to and rates of discontinuation/switch of the index TNFi were compared between TNFi-naive and TNFi-experienced cohorts. Patient demographics and disease characteristics at the time of TNFi initiation (baseline) were compared between cohorts and between patients who continued versus discontinued their index TNFi by the first follow-up visit within each cohort.ResultsThis study included 171 TNFi-naive and 147 TNFi-experienced patients (total follow-up, 579.2 person-years). Overall, 75 of 171 TNFi-naive (43.9%) and 80 of 147 TNFi-experienced (54.4%) patients discontinued their index TNFi; 33 of 171 (19.3%) and 48 of 147 (32.7%), respectively, switched to a new biologic. TNFi-experienced patients had a shorter time to discontinuation (median, 20 vs 27 months) and were more likely to discontinue (p=0.03) or switch (p<0.01) compared with TNFi-naive patients. Among those who discontinued, 49 of 75 TNFi-naive (65.3%) and 59 of 80 TNFi-experienced (73.8%) patients discontinued by the first follow-up visit; such patients showed a trend towards higher baseline disease activity compared with those who continued.ConclusionsThe results of this real-world study can help inform treatment decisions when selecting later lines of therapy for patients with PsA.
Validating 10-joint juvenile arthritis disease activity score cut-offs for disease activity levels in non-systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Authors: Backström Maria , Tynjälä Pirjo , Aalto Kristiina , Grönlund Minna-Maija , Ylijoki Heikki , Putto-Laurila Anne , Kärki Johanna , Keskitalo Paula , Sard Sirja , Pohjankoski Heini , Hietanen Maiju , Witter Silke , Lehto Helena , Löyttyniemi Eliisa , Vähäsalo Paula 
Published: April 2019

ObjectivesTo validate cut-offs of the Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score 10 (JADAS10) and clinical JADAS10 (cJADAS10) and to compare them with other patient cohorts.MethodsIn a national multicentre study, cross-sectional data on recent visits of 337 non-systemic patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) were collected from nine paediatric outpatient units. The cut-offs were tested with receiver operating characteristic curve-based methods, and too high, too low and correct classification rates (CCRs) were calculated.ResultsOur earlier presented JADAS10 cut-offs seemed feasible based on the CCRs, but the cut-off values between low disease activity (LDA) and moderate disease activity (MDA) were adjusted. When JADAS10 cut-offs for clinically inactive disease (CID) were increased to 1.5 for patients with oligoarticular disease and 2.7 for patients with polyarticular disease, as recently suggested in a large multinational register study, altogether 11 patients classified as CID by the cut-off had one active joint. We suggest JADAS10 cut-off values for oligoarticular/polyarticular disease to be in CID: 0.0–0.5/0.0–0.7, LDA: 0.6–3.8/0.8–5.1 and MDA: >3.8/5.1. Suitable cJADAS10 cut-offs are the same as JADAS10 cut-offs in oligoarticular disease. In polyarticular disease, cJADAS10 cut-offs are 0–0.7 for CID, 0.8–5.0 for LDA and >5.0 for MDA.ConclusionInternational consensus on JADAS cut-off values is needed, and such a cut-off for CID should preferably exclude patients with active joints in the CID group.
Four Buddhist Intellectuals in Late 19th Century in Japan
Authors: Hayashi Makoto 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn recent years, research on modern Buddhism, i.e., Buddhism from the Meiji Restoration (1868) onwards, has been flourishing in Japan. Drawing on existing scholarship, this paper attempts to elucidate the characteristics of the first stage of modern Japanese Buddhism. In the premodern period, Buddhist priests had been the only people able to articulate Buddhism. In the modern period, Buddhist intellectuals with Western academic knowledge re-articulated Buddhism, linking and negotiating between those inside and those outside the Japanese Buddhist world. I will focus on four Buddhist intellectuals and try to understand their involvement in politics, education, and public discourse, their resistance to the expansion of Christianity into the country, and their call for the institutional reform of Buddhism. These activities contributed significantly to the first stage of the development of modern Buddhism.
The Curious Case of the Blasphemer: Ambiguity as Literary Device in Leviticus 24:10-23
Authors: Fuad Chelcent 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This article argues that, instead of the nature of the crime or its punishment, the underlying problem that needs oracular law in the account of the blasphemer in Lev 24:10-23 is the ambiguity of the criminal’s identity. This ambiguity is employed in the narrative as a literary device by which the redactor of the narrative introduces the universal applicability of the blasphemy law that includes both natives and foreigners. By so doing, the redactor of Lev 24 serves the Holiness Code’s theological agenda, namely, the extension of holiness to all inhabitants of the land since pollution of the land by any of its inhabitants may eventually cause the expulsion of the whole people from the land. To this end, the redactor rewrites the Covenant Code and frames it with the narrative of the mixed-pedigree blasphemer.
Formulaic Language in the Livonian Rhymed Chronicle
Authors: Murray Alan V. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This paper investigates formulaic syntax in the Livonian Rhymed Chronicle (German: Livländische Reimchronik), a Middle High German (MHG) verse history composed around 1290. A common syntactical formula is a unit formed with the adjective vrô (‘glad’, ‘happy’, ‘joyful’) or its negative variant unvrô, together with the verbs sîn (‘be’) or werden (‘become’), with a genitive object: NP-Nom + SÎN/ WERDEN + NP-Gen + (un)vrô (e.g. der meister was der rede vrô). In almost every case the adjective (un)vrô occurs in end position, so that it can be rhymed with another common word, e.g. dô (‘then’) or sô (‘thus’). An important variation is introduced with the demonstrative pronoun des: Pro-Dem-Gen + SÎN/WERDEN + NP-Nom + (un)vrô. This construction has the metrical function of filling a complete line, but it also functions as a discourse marker: it comments positively or negatively on an episode it follows or introduces. The high frequency of this construction in this text compared to its occurrence in other genres written in rhyming couplets suggests that the author was more conservative and less inventive than his contemporaries. In addition he also drew more frequently on the vocabulary and conventions of heroic poetry in which formulaic language was very common. It is argued that the employment of formulaic phrasing and syntax are connected with the sociolinguistic circumstances of the recitation of the chronicle.
Investigating the impacts of a changing climate on the risk of overheating and energy performance for a UK retirement village adapted to the nZEB standards
Authors: Salem Radwa , Bahadori-Jahromi Ali , Mylona Anastasia 
Published: April 2019

The death toll of the 2003 heat wave in Europe exceeded 35,000 heat-related deaths. The elderly population were the most affected. The current paradigm within the construction industry in cold-dominant countries is to design/retrofit buildings with high levels of insulation. Whilst thermal comfort may be reached during colder months with this approach, the risk of overheating can be increased during hotter months. This paper aims to examine the impacts of a changing climate on the risk of overheating and energy performance for a UK retirement village. For this study, the buildings within the retirement village will be designed to reach the nearly zero energy building standard. Consequently, the risk of overheating of the buildings within the retirement village as they currently stand and as zero energy buildings will be investigated under current and future climatic conditions. The analysis is carried out using thermal analysis simulation software (TAS, Edsl). Combined heat and power and combined cooling, heat and power will be investigated as mitigating strategies with regard to overheating. The results of this study do not undermine the importance of continuing to improve the energy efficiency of existing buildings but rather highlight that the approach undertaken should be reconsidered. Practical application: Currently, there is emphasis placed on retrofitting and designing buildings, with high energy efficiency standards. Whilst this is in line with our vision as a society towards reaching a decarbonised, sustainable future, this work highlights that doing so, carries risks with regard to overheating. Nonetheless, the results demonstrate that with the incorporation of suitable mitigation strategies and adequate ventilation strategies, it is possible to achieve an energy efficient building that meets the heating and cooling demand (and thereby thermal comfort of occupants) during the heating and non-heating season.
XEN implant in primary and secondary open-angle glaucoma: A 12-month retrospective study
Authors: Ibáñez-Muñoz Ana , Soto-Biforcos Víctor Santiago , Rodríguez-Vicente Leticia , Ortega-Renedo Irune , Chacón-González María , Rúa-Galisteo Oscar , Arrieta-Los Santos Alexandra , Lizuain-Abadía María Ester , Del Río Mayor José Luis 
Published: April 2019

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of the XEN45 gel stent implant in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or secondary open-angle glaucoma. Patients and methods: This is a retrospective, single-center, and comparative study conducted in consecutive primary open-angle glaucoma or secondary open-angle glaucoma patients, who underwent a XEN45 implant, alone or in combination with phacoemulsification. The primary end point was the intraocular pressure at the end of the follow-up period. Complete success was defined as an intraocular pressure reduction of ⩾20% from baseline to month 12 without antiglaucoma treatment. Results: Of the 69 patients (74 eyes) who were screened, 68 patients (73 eyes) were included in this study. In the overall study population, XEN gel stent significantly reduced intraocular pressure from 22.3 (21.0–23.5) mmHg at baseline to 15.3 (14.3–16.3) mmHg, p < 0.0001. As compared to baseline, mean intraocular pressure reduction was –7.3 (−9.7 to −5.0) and –6.6 (−8.4 to −4.8) mmHg in the primary open-angle glaucoma and secondary open-angle glaucoma groups, respectively, p = 0.6357. At month 12, 53 (72.6%) eyes were classified as success. The mean number of antiglaucoma medications was significantly reduced in both groups ( p < 0.0001, each). Complications included anterior chamber flattening (one eye), XEN implant extrusion (four eyes), one of whom had an endophthalmitis that required vitrectomy, and one eye underwent a trabeculectomy due to inadequate intraocular pressure control. Conclusion: XEN gel stent, either alone or in combination with phacoemulsification, provided a significant reduction in both intraocular pressure and medical antiglaucoma treatment, but with some safety concerns, in a cohort of patients with open-angle glaucoma (primary or secondary).
Ability of non-physicians to perform and interpret lung ultrasound: A systematic review
Authors: Swamy Varsha , Brainin Philip , Biering-Sørensen Tor , Platz Elke 
Published: April 2019

Background: Lung ultrasound is a useful tool in the assessment of pulmonary congestion in heart failure that is typically performed and interpreted by physicians at the point-of-care. Aims: To investigate the ability of nurses, students, and paramedics to accurately identify B-lines and pleural effusions for the detection of pulmonary congestion in heart failure and to examine the training necessary. Methods and results: We conducted a systematic review and searched online databases for studies that investigated the ability of nurses, students, and paramedics to perform lung ultrasound and detect B-lines and pleural effusions. Of 979 studies identified, 14 met our inclusion criteria: five in nurses, eight in students, and one in paramedics. After 0–12 h of didactic training and 58–62 practice lung ultrasound examinations, nurses were able to identify B-lines and pleural effusions with a sensitivity of 79–98% and a specificity of 70–99%. In image adequacy studies, medical students with 2–9 h of training were able to acquire adequate images for B-lines and pleural effusions in 50–100%. Only one eligible study investigated paramedic-performed lung ultrasound which did not support the ability of paramedics to adequately acquire and interpret lung ultrasound images after 2 h of training. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that nurses and students can accurately acquire and interpret lung ultrasound images after a brief training period in a majority of cases. The examination of heart failure patients with lung ultrasound by non-clinicians appears feasible and warrants further investigation.
Comparison of Tibiotalocalcaneal Arthrodeses Using a Sustained Dynamic Compression Nail Versus Nondynamized Nails
Authors: Steele John R. , Kildow Beau J. , Cunningham Daniel J. , Dekker Travis J. , DeOrio James K. , Easley Mark E. , Nunley James A. , Parekh Selene G. , Adams Samuel B. 
Published: April 2019

Background. Tibiotalocalcaneal (TTC) arthrodesis is a common treatment option for hindfoot arthritis and deformity. Loss of compression over time with statically locked nails may contribute to nonunion. A novel retrograde intramedullary nail with an internal pseudoelastic component has recently been used to provide sustained dynamic compression (SDC). The purpose of this study was to compare fusion rates and time to union between the SDC and nondynamized (ND) nails. Methods. All patients who underwent TTC arthrodesis with an intramedullary nail at a single institution from 2013 to 2017 and who had at least 1 year of follow-up were included in this study. Baseline patient and operative characteristics were collected and compared between the sustained SDC and ND nail groups. The rate of successful fusion, time to union, and complications were compared between the groups. Results. The SDC cohort had a significantly faster time to union by 3.9 months (P = .049). The SDC cohort had a higher fusion rate (78.0%) compared with the ND nail cohort (75.0%), although this was not statistically significant (P = .75). The SDC nail was used significantly (P < .05) more often in patients with known risk factors for nonunion, including female sex, smoking, revision surgery, prior trauma, and patients requiring 3D cage implants for significant bone loss. There were no differences between the groups in terms of complications. Conclusion. The SDC nail has been shown to achieve successful arthrodesis in a population at high risk for nonunion, using less hardware, and at a faster rate than ND nails. Level of Evidence: Level III: Retrospective, comparative study
Differences in the prognostic value of tumor size on hepatocellular cancer‐specific survival stratified by gender in a SEER population‐based study
Authors: Zhang Wenjie , Jin Kangpeng , Wang Fei , Zhangyuan Guangyan , Yu Weiwei , Liu Yang , Zhang Haitian , Zhang Ping , Sun Beicheng 
Published: April 2019

Background and objectiveTumor size is an important prognostic factor in cancers. This study aims at investigating the interaction between gender status and tumor size to evaluate cancer‐specific survival (CSS) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsIn this study, we searched Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) population‐based data and identified 38,368 patients diagnosed with HCC between 1988 and 2012. Patients diagnosed between 1998 and 2007 were distributed into a training set (n = 19279), and the rest were assigned as a SEER validation set (n = 19089). Definition of cut‐off value of tumor size stratified by gender was determined by the “X‐Tile” program. The five‐year CSS data were found. Long‐term survival outcomes and risk factors were analyzed by the Kaplan–Meier methods and the multivariable Cox regression models.ResultsThere were significant differences among these different tumor size subgroups with regards to five‐year CSS (p < 0.001). When applying cutoff points of 38 mm and 75 mm tumor size in men, and 38 mm and 55 mm in women, the most significant difference was observed by the X‐Tile program, respectively (p < 0.001). The five‐year CSS was 27.5% for women and 25.7% for men in the training set, and 33.9% for women and 31.1% for men in the validating set (p < 0.001). Further analysis showed that this significant difference existed in localized, regional, and distant‐stage patients.ConclusionsThese results demonstrated that women with HCC appeared to exhibit better survival rates than men. The sex‐related discrepancies should be emphasized, particularly for HCC patients with 39 to 75 mm tumors.
Default Bias in Extended Choice Rules
Authors: Lahiri Somdeb 
Published: April 2019

In this paper we provide a reader friendly axiomatic characterization of the default bias extended choice rule, in the framework available in lecture 3 of Rubinstein (2016) . As noted there “experimental evidence and introspection tell us that a default option is often viewed positively by a decision maker, a phenomenon known as the status quo bias”. A different axiomatic characterization of the extended choice rule is available in that lecture. Our proof makes use of the Szpilrajn's extension which for finite sets (as in our case) has a very simple proof. JEL Classification: D01, D03
Eccentric and Concentric Resistance Exercise Comparison for Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: VINCENT KEVIN R. , VASILOPOULOS TERRIE , MONTERO CINDY , VINCENT HEATHER K. 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
This study aimed to compare the efficacy of eccentrically focused resistance exercise (ECC RT) to concentrically focused resistance exercise (CNC RT) on knee osteoarthritis (OA) symptoms and strength.

Methods
Ninety participants consented. Participants were randomized to CNC RT, ECC RT, or a wait-list, no-exercise control group. Four months of supervised exercise training was completed using traditional weight machines (CNC RT) or modified-matched machines that overloaded the eccentric action (ECC RT). Main outcomes included one-repetition maximal strength (knee extension, leg flexion, and leg press), weekly rate of strength gain, Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) total score and subscores.

Results
Fifty-four participants (60–85 yr, 61% women) completed the study. Both CNC RT and ECC RT groups showed 16%–28% improvement relative to the wait-list, no-exercise control group (P = 0.003–0.005) for all leg strength measures. The rate of weekly strength gain was greater for CNC RT than for ECC RT for leg press and knee flexion (by 2.9%–4.8%; both, P < 0.05) but not knee extension (0.7%; P = 0.38). There were no significant differences in WOMAC total and subscores across groups over time. Leg press strength change was the greatest contributor to change in WOMAC total scores (R
2 = 0.223). The change in knee flexion strength from baseline to month 4 was a significant predictor of the change in WOMAC pain subscore (F ratio = 4.84, df = 45, P = 0.032). Both modes of strength training were well tolerated.

Conclusions
Both resistance training types effectively increased leg strength. Knee flexion and knee extension muscle strength can modify function and pain symptoms irrespective of muscle contraction type. Which mode to pick could be determined by preference, goals, tolerance to the contraction type, and equipment availability.
Bone tumours around the elbow: a rare entity
Authors: Savvidou Olga D. , Koutsouradis Panagiotis , Chloros George D. , Papanastasiou Ioannis , Sarlikiotis Thomas , Kaspiris Aggelos , Papagelopoulos Panayiotis J. 
Published: April 2019

Bone tumours around the elbow are rare. Even nowadays diagnostic dilemmas and delays are common. During recent decades the management and prognosis of patients with elbow bone tumours has improved significantly. Benign tumours can be treated using minimally invasive procedures, whereas malignant ones require a multidisciplinary team approach based on an adjuvant therapeutic regimen of chemotherapy, radiotherapy and limb salvage procedures. This article reviews the most commonly encountered elbow bone tumours and their management.Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2019;4:133-142. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.4.180086
Brain tumor prediction using naïve Bayes’ classifier and decision tree algorithms
Authors: Shashank Reddy Danda , Naga Harshitha Chinta , Mary Belinda Carmel 
Published: April 2019

Now a day’s many advanced techniques are proposed in diagnosing the tumor in brain like magnetic resonance imaging, computer tomography scan, angiogram, spinal tap and biospy. Based on diagnosis it is easy to predict treatment. All of the types of brain tumor are officially reclassified by the World Health Organization. Brain tumors are of 120 types, almost each tumor is having same symptoms and it is difficult to predict treatment. For this regard we are proposing more accurate and efficient algorithm in predicting the type of brain tumor is Naïve Bayes’ classification and decision tree algorithm. The main focus is on solving tumor classification problem using these algorithms. Here the main goal is to show that the prediction through the decision tree algorithm is simple and easy than the Naïve Bayes’ algorithm.
Robust hybrid framework for automatic facial expression recognition
Authors: H S Gunavathi , M Siddappa 
Published: April 2019

Over the last few years, facial expression recognition is an active research field, which has an extensive range of applications in the area of social interaction, social intelligence, autism detection and Human-computer interaction. In this paper, a robust hybrid framework is presented to recognize the facial expressions, which enhances the efficiency and speed of recognition system by extracting significant features of a face. In the proposed framework, feature representation and extraction are done by using Local Binary Patterns (LBP) and Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG). Later, the dimensionalities of the obtained features are reduced using Compressive Sensing (CS) algorithm and classified using multiclass SVM classifier. We investigated the performance of the proposed hybrid framework on two public databases such as CK+ and JAFFE data sets. The investigational results show that the proposed hybrid framework is a promising framework for recognizing and identifying facial expressions with varying illuminations and poses in real time.