bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Land management strategies can increase oil palm plantation use by some terrestrial mammals in Colombia
Authors: Pardo Lain E. , Campbell Mason J. , Cove Michael V. , Edwards Will , Clements Gopalasamy Reuben , Laurance William F. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWhile the conservation role of remaining natural habitats in anthropogenic landscapes is clear, the degree to which agricultural matrices impose limitations to animal use is not well understood, but vital to assess species’ resilience to land use change. Using an occupancy framework, we evaluated how oil palm plantations affect the occurrence and habitat use of terrestrial mammals in the Colombian Llanos. Further, we evaluated the effect of undergrowth vegetation and proximity to forest on habitat use within plantations. Most species exhibited restricted distributions across the study area, especially in oil palm plantations. Habitat type strongly influenced habitat use of four of the 12 more widely distributed species with oil palm negatively affecting species such as capybara and naked-tailed armadillo. The remaining species showed no apparent effect of habitat type, but oil palm and forest use probabilities varied among species. Overall, generalist mesocarnivores, white-tailed deer, and giant anteater were more likely to use oil palm while the remaining species, including ocelot and lesser anteater, showed preferences for forest. Distance to nearest forest had mixed effects on species habitat use, while understory vegetation facilitated the presence of species using oil palm. Our findings suggest that allowing undergrowth vegetation inside plantations and maintaining nearby riparian corridors would increase the likelihood of terrestrial mammals’ occurrence within oil palm landscapes.
Pulmonary hypertension in the global population of adolescents and adults living with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bigna Jean Joel , Nansseu Jobert Richie , Noubiap Jean Jacques 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the prevalence of PH in adolescents and adults living with HIV at the global level. PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Global Index Medicus were searched to identify articles published until November 4, 2018. PH had to be investigated with transthoracic echography or right heart catheterization (RHC). A random-effects model was used to pool individual studies. Overall, 25 studies with 42,642 participants from 17 countries were included. One study reported the prevalence of PH among HIV-infected adults based on RHC: 0.5% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.3–0.6). The global prevalence of PH based on echography was 8.3% (95% CI: 4.6–12.8; 22 studies) among HIV-infected adults. In subgroup analysis, there was no difference between regions, human development indicator, and HIV burden in countries. Among HIV-infected adolescents, the prevalence of PH based on echography was 14.0% (95% CI: 2.2–33.1; 2 studies). This study suggests a high prevalence of PH in the global adolescent and adult population infected with HIV. As such, PH in this vulnerable population should be prioritized by HIV healthcare providers, policy makers and stakeholders for improved detection, overall proper management and efficient control.
Effects of a moderate-to-high intensity resistance circuit training on fat mass, functional capacity, muscular strength, and quality of life in elderly: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Marcos-Pardo Pablo Jorge , Orquin-Castrillón Francisco Javier , Gea-García Gemma María , Menayo-Antúnez Ruperto , González-Gálvez Noelia , Vale Rodrigo Gomes de Souza , Martínez-Rodríguez Alejandro 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPhysical exercise is considered an important intervention for promoting well-being and healthy aging. The objective was to determine the effects of moderate-to-high intensity resistance circuit training on different parameters of body composition, functional autonomy, muscular strength and quality of life in elderly. A randomized controlled trial was conducted. A total of 45 subjects (27 females, 18 males) aged between 65–75 years old from Murcia (Spain) were divided by sex, and randomly to experimental group (n = 33, mean age 69 ± 3.2 years old) receiving 12 weeks of moderate-to-high intensity resistance circuit training and control group (n = 33, mean age 70 ± 4.1 years old) receiving no exercise intervention. Intra-group comparison, the experimental group showed a significant increment of lean body mass in women and men, which also presented a decrease of fat mass. Both sex presented a significant improve in functional autonomy, and significately higher values of muscular strength. But no changes were observed regarding quality of life in these groups. The control group did not show any differences pre and post-intervention in women, but in men presented an increment of body mass index and total weight post-intervention. No changes were showed in the other variables. Similar results were founded at inter-group comparison. The moderate-to-high intensity resistance circuit training showed increase in total lean body mass, improvements in functional capacity and significantly increase in upper and lower muscular strength in women and men. Progressive resistance circuit training should be promoted for the elderly as it has the potential to improve physical performance, thereby prolonging healthy independent aging.
Persistent cloud cover over mega-cities linked to surface heat release
Authors: Theeuwes Natalie E. , Barlow Janet F. , Teuling Adriaan J. , Grimmond C. Sue B. , Kotthaus Simone 
Published: May 2019

AbstractUrban areas are a hotspot for the interactions between the built environment, its inhabitants, and weather. Unlike the impact of temperatures through the well-known urban heat island effect, urban effects on cloud formation remain unknown. In this study we show observational evidence of a systematic enhancement of cloud cover in the afternoon and evening over two large metropolitan areas in Europe (Paris and London). Long-term measurements in and around London show that during late-spring and summer, even though less moisture is available at the surface and the atmosphere is drier, low clouds can persist longer over the urban area as vertical mixing of the available moisture is maintained for a longer period of time, into the evening transition. Our findings show that urban impacts on weather extend beyond temperature effects. These prolonged clouds over the city might enhance the urban heat island via night-time radiative forcing.
Motor torque measurement of Halobacterium salinarum archaellar suggests a general model for ATP-driven rotary motors
Authors: Iwata Seiji , Kinosita Yoshiaki , Uchida Nariya , Nakane Daisuke , Nishizaka Takayuki 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIt is unknown how the archaellum—the rotary propeller used by Archaea for motility—works. To further understand the molecular mechanism by which the hexameric ATPase motor protein FlaI drives rotation of the membrane-embedded archaellar motor, we determined motor torque by imposition of various loads on Halobacterium salinarum archaella. Markers of different sizes were attached to single archaella, and their trajectories were quantified using three-dimensional tracking and high-speed recording. We show that rotation slows as the viscous drag of markers increases, but torque remains constant at 160 pN·nm independent of rotation speed. Notably, the estimated work done in a single rotation is twice the expected energy that would come from hydrolysis of six ATP molecules in the hexamer, indicating that more ATP molecules are required for one rotation of archaellum. To reconcile the apparent contradiction, we suggest a new and general model for the mechanism of ATP-driven rotary motors.
Physiological, biochemical and proteomic insight into integrated strategies of an endophytic bacterium Burkholderia cenocepacia strain YG-3 response to cadmium stress
Authors: Wang Xiang , Zhang Xuan , Liu Xuanming , Huang Zhongliang , Niu Shuqi , Xu Ting , Zeng Jiarui , Li Hui , Wang Tengfei , Gao Yan , Huang Mei , Cao Lidan , Zhu Yonghua 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
An endophytic bacterium YG-3 with high cadmium (Cd) resistance was isolated from poplar grown in a composite mine tailing. It was identified as Burkholderia cenocepacia based on genomic, physiological and biochemical analyses. The Cd removal rate by YG-3 could reach about 60.0% in Cd aqueous solution with high concentrations of both 100 and 500 mg L−1. Meanwhile, various absorption and adsorption strategies were found in the two different Cd concentrations. The global resistance mechanisms of YG-3 were investigated in several levels, i.e., physiological observation, such as scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy; biochemical detection for active compound production and infrared spectroscopy; label-free quantitative proteomic profile analysis. The results indicated that YG-3 possesses a complex mechanism to adapt to Cd stress: (1) binding of Cd to prevent it from entering the cell by the cell wall components, as well as secreted siderophores and exopolysaccharides; (2) intracellular sequestration of Cd by metalloproteins; (3) excretion of Cd from the cell by efflux pumps; (4) alleviation of Cd toxicity by antioxidants. Our results demonstrate that endophyte YG-3 is well adjusted to largely remove Cd and has potential to cooperate with its host to improve phytoremediation efficiency in heavy metal-contaminated sites.
LIFR-AS1 modulates Sufu to inhibit cell proliferation and migration by miR-197-3p in breast cancer
Authors: Xu Fangfang , Li Hui , Hu Chengjiu 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Numerous evidence has recently demonstrated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play vital roles in the oncogenesis and development of a wide range of human neoplasms. Leukemia inhibitory factor receptor antisense RNA 1 (LIFR-AS1), a novel cancer-related lncRNA, has been reported to be under-expressed in breast cancer and associated with poor prognosis. However, the exact role of LIFR-AS1 in breast cancer remains largely unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the biological role of LIFR-AS1 in breast cancer and clarify the potential molecular mechanisms. In the present study, we found that LIFR-AS1 was significantly down-regulated in both tissues and cell lines. Furthermore, over-expression of LIFR-AS1 inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion, whereas knockdown of LIFR-AS1 promoted breast cancer cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion. Moreover, LIFR-AS1 was observed to up-regulate suppressor of fused gene (Sufu) expression by competitively binding to miR-197-3p in breast cancer cells. Notably, miR-197-3p inhibitor reversed the promoting effects of LIFR-AS1 knockdown on breast cancer cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion. Additionally, LIFR-AS1 knockdown promoted tumor growth in vivo. To sum up, our results imply the tumor-suppressing role of LIFR-AS1 in breast cancer.
Adaptive etalon suppression technique for long‐term stability improvement in high index contrast waveguide‐based laser absorption spectrometers
Authors: Zhang E.J. , Tombez L. , Teng C.C. , Wysocki G. , Green W.M.J. 
Published: May 2019

The authors present an adaptive algorithm based on a non‐linear regression model for mitigating time‐varying etalon drifts in line‐scanned optical absorption spectrometers. By dynamically varying the etalon spectral background using physically realistic degrees of freedom, the authors’ dynamic etalon fitting‐routine (DEF‐R) significantly increases the spectral baseline recalibration interval as compared to conventional fringe subtraction models. They provide an empirical demonstration of the efficacy of DEF‐R using an on‐chip 10 cm silicon waveguide for near‐infrared methane absorption spectroscopy at 6057 cm−1, which suffers significant etalon spectral noise due to reflections and multi‐path interference from stochastic line‐edge roughness imperfections. They demonstrate the corresponding improvement in both spectral clean‐up and long‐term stability via Allan‐variance analysis. For the sensor presented here, application of DEF‐R enables Gaussian‐noise limited performance for more than 102 s and provides almost an order‐of‐magnitude improvement in stability time with respect to conventional baseline subtraction. Although DEF‐R is applied here to an on‐chip sensor embodiment, they envision their technique to be applicable to any absorption sensor limited by time‐varying etalon drifts.
Small dust grain dynamics on adaptive mesh refinement grids
Authors: Lebreuilly U. , Commerçon B. , Laibe G. 
Published: May 2019

Context. Small dust grains are essential ingredients of star, disk and planet formation.
Aims. We present an Eulerian numerical approach to study small dust grain dynamics in the context of star and protoplanetary disk formation. It is designed for finite volume codes. We use it to investigate dust dynamics during the protostellar collapse.
Methods. We present a method to solve the monofluid equations of gas and dust mixtures with several dust species in the diffusion approximation implemented in the adaptive-mesh-refinement code RAMSES. It uses a finite volume second-order Godunov method with a predictor-corrector MUSCL scheme to estimate the fluxes between the grid cells.
Results. We benchmark our method against six distinct tests, DUSTYADVECT, DUSTYDIFFUSE, DUSTYSHOCK, DUSTYWAVE, SETTLING, and DUSTYCOLLAPSE. We show that the scheme is second-order accurate in space on uniform grids and intermediate between second- and first-order on non-uniform grids. We apply our method on various DUSTYCOLLAPSE simulations of 1 M⊙ cores composed of gas and dust.
Conclusions. We developed an efficient approach to treat gas and dust dynamics in the diffusion regime on grid-based codes. The canonical tests were successfully passed. In the context of protostellar collapse, we show that dust is less coupled to the gas in the outer regions of the collapse where grains larger than ≃100 μm fall significantly faster than the gas.
A unified accretion-ejection paradigm for black hole X-ray binaries
Authors: Marcel G. , Ferreira J. , Clavel M. , Petrucci P.-O. , Malzac J. , Corbel S. , Rodriguez J. , Belmont R. , Coriat M. , Henri G. , Cangemi F. 
Published: May 2019

Context. Transient X-ray binaries (XrB) exhibit very different spectral shapes during their evolution. In luminosity-color diagrams, their behavior in X-rays forms q-shaped cycles that remain unexplained. In Paper I, we proposed a framework where the innermost regions of the accretion disk evolve as a response to variations imposed in the outer regions. These variations lead not only to modifications of the inner disk accretion rate ṁin, but also to the evolution of the transition radius rJ between two disk regions. The outermost region is a standard accretion disk (SAD), whereas the innermost region is a jet-emitting disk (JED) where all the disk angular momentum is carried away vertically by two self-confined jets.
Aims. In the previous papers of this series, it has been shown that such a JED–SAD disk configuration could reproduce the typical spectral (radio and X-rays) properties of the five canonical XrB states. The aim of this paper is now to replicate all X-ray spectra and radio emission observed during the 2010–2011 outburst of the archetypal object GX 339-4.
Methods. We used the two-temperature plasma code presented in two previous papers (Papers II and III) and designed an automatic ad hoc fitting procedure that for any given date calculates the required disk parameters (ṁin,rJ) that fit the observed X-ray spectrum best. We used X-ray data in the 3–40 keV (RXTE/PCA) spread over 438 days of the outburst, together with 35 radio observations at 9 GHz (ATCA) dispersed within the same cycle.
Results. We obtain the time distributions of ṁin(t) and rJ(t) that uniquely reproduce the X-ray luminosity and the spectral shape of the whole cycle. In the classical self-absorbed jet synchrotron emission model, the JED–SAD configuration also reproduces the radio properties very satisfactorily, in particular, the switch-off and -on events and the radio-X-ray correlation. Although the model is simplistic and some parts of the evolution still need to be refined, this is to our knowledge the first time that an outburst cycle is reproduced with such a high level of detail.
Conclusions. Within the JED–SAD framework, radio and X-rays are so intimately linked that radio emission can be used to constrain the underlying disk configuration, in particular, during faint hard states. If this result is confirmed using other outbursts from GX 339-4 or other X-ray binaries, then radio could be indeed used as another means to indirectly probe disk physics.
Molecular analysis of a high-mass prestellar core candidate in W43-MM1
Authors: Molet J. , Brouillet N. , Nony T. , Gusdorf A. , Motte F. , Despois D. , Louvet F. , Bontemps S. , Herpin F. 
Published: May 2019

Context. High-mass analogues of low-mass prestellar cores are searched for to constrain the models of high-mass star formation. Several high-mass cores, at various evolutionary stages, have been recently identified towards the massive star-forming region W43-MM1 and amongst them a high-mass prestellar core candidate.
Aims. We aim to characterise the chemistry in this high-mass prestellar core candidate, referred to as W43-MM1 core #6, and its environment.
Methods. Using ALMA high-spatial resolution data of W43-MM1, we have studied the molecular content of core #6 and a neighbouring high-mass protostellar core, referred to as #3, which is similar in size and mass to core #6. We first subtracted the continuum emission using a method based on the density distribution of the intensities on each pixel. Then, from the distribution of detected molecules, we identified the molecules centred on the prestellar core candidate (core #6) and those associated to shocks related to outflows and filament formation. Then we constrained the column densities and temperatures of the molecules detected towards the two cores.
Results. While core #3 appears to contain a hot core with a temperature of about 190 K, core #6 seems to have a lower temperature in the range from 20 to 90 K from a rotational diagram analysis. We have considered different source sizes for core #6 and the comparison of the abundances of the detected molecules towards the core with various interstellar sources shows that it is compatible with a core of size 1000 au with T = 20−90 K or a core of size 500 au with T ~ 80 K.
Conclusions. Core #6 of W43-MM1 remains one of the best high-mass prestellar core candidates even if we cannot exclude that it is at the very beginning of the protostellar phase of high-mass star formation.
Comparative study of the effect of Thymus daenensis gel 5% and diclofenac in patients with knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Dehghan Morteza , Asgharian Shirin , Khalesi Elena , Ahmadi Ali , Lorigooini Zahra 
Published: May 2019

Background: Osteoarthritis is a syndrome characterized by joint pain and reduced performance and efficien- cy in patient. Thymus daenensis has been used since old times for the treatment of bone and joint deformities and pain in traditional medicine.
Purpose: This study was conducted to examine traditional usages and pharmacological features of T. daen- ensis with respect to the effect of the plant in patients with osteoarthritis.
Methods: 120 patients with osteoarthritis were divided into 3 groups. Patients in each group were treated by 5% Thymus daenensis gel, 1% diclofenac gel, or placebo for 6 weeks, along with oral celecoxib capsules. Patients were assessed in different intervals, based on the VAS score for assessment of pain in the joint and different dimensions of WOMAC questionnaire.
Results: Pain level (P < 0.005), stiffness during the day (P < 0.05), morning stiffness (P < 0.05) and physi- cal performance (P < 0.05) were significantly different among the groups.
Conclusions: Thymus daenensis gel improves the symptoms in patients equal and without significant difference than diclofenac group. It can be argued that its use can produce a satisfactory effect on patients with osteoarthritis due to its low cost, easy access, the plant’s natively occurring in Iran.
Gynura bicoloraqueous extract attenuated H2O2induced injury in PC12 cells
Authors: Yang Ya-Chen , Wu Wen-Tzu , Mong Mei-Chin , Wang Zhi-Hong 
Published: May 2019

Background: Protective effects ofGynura bicoloraqueous extract (GAE) at three concentrations upon nerve growth factor (NGF) differentiated-PC12 cells against H2O2induced injury were examined.Methods: NGF differentiated-PC12 cells were treated with GAE at 0.25%, 0.5% or 1%. 100 μM H2O2was used to treat cells with GAE pre-treatments. After incubating at 37 °C for 12 hr, experimental analyses were processed.Results: H2O2exposure decreased cell viability, increased plasma membrane damage, suppressed Bcl-2 mRNA expression and enhanced Bax mRNA expression. GAE pre-treatments reversed these changes. H2O2exposure reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, lowered Na+-K+-ATPase activity, and increased DNA fragmentation and Ca2+release. GAE pre-treatments attenuated these alterations. H2O2stimulated the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, lowered glutathione content, and reduced glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and catalase activities. GAE pretreatments maintained GPX and catalase activities; and concentration-dependently diminished the generation of ROS and inflammatory cytokines. H2O2enhanced mRNA expression of nuclear factor kappa (NF-κ) B and p38. GAE pre-treatments decreased mRNA expression of NF-κB and p38. Conclusion: These findings suggested that GAE might be a potent neuronal protective agent.
Der „Osteoporosis Care Gap“ bei Altersfrakturpatienten kann durch osteologische Begleitung entlang des Behandlungspfads minimiert werden!
Authors: Suhm Norbert , Müller Sebastian , Kungler Evelyn , Meier Christian , Kränzlin Marius , Kränzlin Claude , Jakob Marcel , Saxer Franziska 
Published: May 2019

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Ein Fracture Liaison Service (FLS) gilt als geeignete Organisationsstruktur, um den „Osteoporosis Care Gap“ zu schließen.
Material und Methodik In diese FLS-Evaluations-Studie wurden zwischen 01/2014 und 12/2015 insgesamt 1270 Patienten > 65 Jahre eingeschlossen, die am Universitätsspital Basel wegen einer Fraktur nach Niederenergietrauma behandelt wurden. Im persönlichen Gespräch konnte das FLS Team die Osteoporoserisikofaktoren erheben und eine ggf. bereits durchgeführte Osteoporosediagnostik oder -therapie erfragen. Auf dieser Basis wurden das individuelle Frakturrisiko errechnet und der Bedarf an weiterer Osteoporosediagnostik oder -therapie festgelegt.
Resultate Das grosse, heterogene Kollektiv von Patienten mit Altersfraktur konnte auf diese Art in kleinere Patientengruppen mit jeweils ähnlichen Abklärungsbedürfnissen aufgeteilt werden. Dabei wurden 21 % der Patienten als bereits ausreichend abgeklärt und behandelt erkannt. Bei weiteren 67 % der Patienten konnten Massnahmen zur sekundären Frakturprävention bedarfsgerecht eingeleitet werden.
Schlussfolgerung Mit unserem FLS Modell konnte die Versorgungslücke auf 12 % der Patienten verringert werden.