bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A leader’s approaches to fostering a culture of knowledge sharing in an information organization
Authors: Yi Zhixian 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to look at organizational culture and knowledge sharing, and to explore how a leader fosters a culture of knowledge sharing in an information organization.

Design/methodology/approach
The literature survey is used. It indicates that little is known about how to foster a culture of knowledge sharing from a leadership perspective in an information organization.

Findings
This study finds that the main approaches that a leader need to use to foster a culture of knowledge sharing are to set the mission, short-term, middle-term and long-term goals and objectives of fostering a culture of knowledge sharing, master as many leadership styles as possible, adjust and choose a leadership style that is appropriate to fostering a culture of knowledge sharing in a given situation, lead by example, develop messaging, make a communication plan, reward and recognize knowledge-sharing behaviors and make knowledge management fun.

Research limitations/implications
The limitation is that this study is solely focused on the literature survey and opinions.

Practical implications
This paper provides a useful overview of the approaches used to foster a culture of knowledge sharing in an information organization.

Originality/value
The views, approaches and suggestions will be useful and valuable to improve the success of knowledge sharing in information organizations in the digital age.
Nonlinear effect of FDI, economic growth, and industrialization on environmental quality
Authors: Munir Kashif , Ameer Ayesha 
Published: September 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the long-run as well as short-run nonlinear effect of foreign direct investment (FDI), economic growth (EG) and industrialization on environmental degradation (carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions) in Pakistan.Design/methodology/approachThe study applies a nonlinear autoregressive distributive lag methodology to examine the long-run and short-run relationship among the variables. FDI, EG and industrialization are decomposed into positive and negative variations to examine the nonlinear relationship with CO2emissions. Granger causality test is used to examine the direction of causality among the variables. The study uses annual time-series data of Pakistan from 1975 to 2016.FindingsAn increase in FDI has a positive and significant effect on CO2emissions in the long run, while a decrease in FDI has a negative and insignificant effect on CO2emissions. An increase in EG has a positive and significant effect, while a decrease in EG has a negative and insignificant effect on CO2emissions in the long run. An increase in industrialization has a positive and significant effect on CO2emissions, while a decrease in industrialization has a negative and insignificant effect on CO2emissions. Unidirectional causality flows from CO2emissions to a positive partial sum of FDI, EG, industrialization and a negative partial sum of EG in the short run.Practical implicationsThe government has to establish the environmental regulation for industrial sectors. Research and development centers are required at government and private levels to control pollution through new technologies. Regulations and restrictions are required on the foreign investor to adopt friendly environmental policies.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the existing literature by analyzing the nonlinear effects of FDI, industrialization and EG on environmental pollution in Pakistan. The main significance of this investigation is to provide the essential evidence, information and better understanding to key stakeholders of the environment.
Phenomenography’s contribution to organizational studies based on a practice perspective
Authors: Rocha-Pinto Sandra Regina da , Jardim Leandro Schoemer , Broman Samantha Luiza De Souza , Guimaraes Maria Isabel Peixoto , Trevia Carlos Frederico 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to propose the phenomenography as an approach that may contribute to the organizational studies based on the practice perspective, considering that it analyzes the phenomenon through the practitioner’s view and experience.

Design/methodology/approach
It is a theoretical essay about phenomenography as a theoretical-methodological perspective, considering its concept, its relation with practice theories and how its theoretical-methodological approach is capable of bringing a new perspective over the organizations, in the practice perspective.

Findings
The phenomenographic method, together with the practice perspective, enables mapping, identifying, describing and relating all the different ways by which an organization, in each one of its structuring dimensions, is effectively experienced. It argues that aspects such as the phenomenographic interview, the second-order perspective, the collective conceptions stated in the outcome space and their relations, the complexity of hierarchy and the abductive theorization about the emerging concepts of collective perceptions form, all together, an alternative and promising theoretical approach to analyze the entanglement between action and the material dimension that constitutes the organizational practices.

Practical implications
The phenomenographic outcome space may become a catalyst of a theorization about practices, which is capable to modify them or modify the way they are understood.

Originality/value
It discusses the possibility of phenomenography to theorize from the agents’ collective consciousness.
Habitat selection in transformed landscapes and the role of forest remnants and shade coffee in the conservation of resident birds
Authors: Sánchez‐Clavijo Lina María , Bayly Nicholas James , Quintana‐Ascencio Pedro Francisco 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Biodiversity conservation in transformed landscapes is becoming increasingly important. However, most assessments of the value of modified habitats rely heavily on species presence and/or abundance, masking ecological processes such as habitat selection and phenomena like ecological traps, which may render species persistence uncertain. High species richness has been documented in tropical agroforestry systems, but comparisons with native habitat remnants generally lack detailed information on species demography and habitat use.

We generated a multi‐species, multi‐measure framework to evaluate the role of habitat selection in the adaptation of species to transformed landscapes, and demonstrate that its use could affect how we value the contribution different land uses make to biodiversity conservation.

We analysed 7 years of capture–mark–recapture and observation data for twelve species of resident birds present in native forest remnants and shade coffee plantations in a mega‐diverse region. We assessed whether species behaved adaptively by evaluating the correlation between measures of habitat preference (occurrence, abundance, fidelity, inter‐seasonal variance and age) and performance (body condition, muscle, primary moult, breeding and juveniles) in forest and coffee, and generated hypotheses about their role in species persistence.

We documented adaptive habitat selection for seven species, non‐ideal selection for four and maladaptive selection for one. While many species showed equal preference and/or equal performance in many traits, in general we found more evidence for birds preferring and/or performing better in forest than coffee, although relationships between our indicators and population adaptation need to be studied further before our proposed framework can be applied to more species and landscapes.

While shade coffee can act as a biodiversity‐friendly matrix providing complementary or supplementary habitat to a wide range of resident bird species, protecting remnants of native vegetation is still of paramount importance for biodiversity conservation in agricultural landscapes.
‘We were just kind of handed it and then it was smoke bombed by everyone’: How do external stakeholders contribute to parent rejection and the abandonment of AAC systems?
Authors: Moorcroft Alison , Scarinci Nerina , Meyer Carly 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundThere are multiple stakeholders involved in the introduction of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) systems to children with complex communication needs. Stakeholders such as speech–language pathologists (SLPs) and teachers who are external to the family unit play a key role in planning and implementing interventions. If this intervention is unsuccessful, it can result in parent rejection or abandonment of the AAC system. However, no studies explore the contribution of external stakeholders to AAC rejection and abandonment from the perspective of parents who have experienced such unsuccessful interventions.AimsTo explore parents’ perceptions of how external stakeholders may contribute to the rejection or abandonment of an AAC system.Methods & ProceduresData were collected as a part of a larger study that explored parent experiences of AAC rejection and abandonment. Within this study, semi‐structured interviews were completed with 12 parents who had rejected or abandoned an AAC system introduced to their child with complex communication needs. Data related to external stakeholder contributions were extracted from the interview transcripts, and a thematic analysis was conducted.Outcomes & ResultsAnalysis revealed four themes that captured the role of external stakeholders in the rejection and abandonment of AAC systems: (1) parents were influenced by the attitudes and experience of professionals; (2) parents did not feel supported by SLPs; (3) communication between stakeholders was not effective; and (4) parents had difficulties using AAC without a supportive community.Conclusions & ImplicationsThis study highlights the importance of family‐centred service delivery when introducing an AAC system to the parent of a child with complex communication needs. SLPs may support parent acceptance of AAC systems by using family‐centred practices such as listening to parents, acknowledging their expertise and finding compromises.
Differentiation‐inducing factor‐1 suppresses cyclin D1‐induced cell proliferation of MCF‐7 breast cancer cells by inhibiting S6K‐mediated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 synthesis
Authors: Tetsuo Fumi , Arioka Masaki , Miura Koichi , Kai Misato , Kubo Momoko , Igawa Kazunobu , Tomooka Katsuhiko , Takahashi‐Yanaga Fumi , Nishimura Fusanori , Sasaguri Toshiyuki 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDifferentiation‐inducing factor‐1 (DIF‐1) has been reported to inhibit the proliferation of various mammalian cells by unknown means, although some possible mechanisms of its action have been proposed, including the activation of glycogen synthase kinase‐3 (GSK‐3). Here, we report an alternative mechanism underlying the action of DIF‐1 in human breast cancer cell line MCF‐7, on which the effects of DIF‐1 have not been examined previously. Intragastric administration of DIF‐1 reduced the tumor growth from MCF‐7 cells injected into a mammary fat pad of nude mice, without causing adverse effects. In cultured MCF‐7, DIF‐1 arrested the cell cycle in G0/G1 phase and suppressed cyclin D1 expression, consistent with our previous results obtained in other cell species. However, DIF‐1 did not inhibit the phosphorylation of GSK‐3. Investigating an alternative mechanism for the reduction of cyclin D1, we found that DIF‐1 reduced the protein levels of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). The STAT3 inhibitor S3I‐201 suppressed cyclin D1 expression and cell proliferation and the overexpression of STAT3 enhanced cyclin D1 expression and accelerated proliferation. Differentiation‐inducing factor‐1 did not reduce STAT3 mRNA or reduce STAT3 protein in the presence of cycloheximide, suggesting that DIF‐1 inhibited STAT3 protein synthesis. Seeking its mechanism, we revealed that DIF‐1 inhibited the activation of 70 kDa and/or 85 kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K/p85S6K). Inhibition of p70S6K/p85S6K by rapamycin also reduced the expressions of STAT3 and cyclin D1. Therefore, DIF‐1 suppresses MCF‐7 proliferation by inhibiting p70S6K/p85S6K activity and STAT3 protein synthesis followed by reduction of cyclin D1 expression.
Comparisons of ISO depth of cure for a resin composite in stainless‐steel and natural‐tooth molds
Authors: Erickson Robert L. , Barkmeier Wayne W. 
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this study was to compare the depth of cure (DOC) of a resin‐based composite (RBC) using the ISO DOC protocol with stainless‐steel and molar‐tooth molds (4 mm cylindrical cavity). The tooth mold included testing with and without the occlusal surface being covered with black tape around the cavity opening. The RBC was cured with either halogen (HAL) or light‐emitting diode (LED) light. The results showed that specimens made in the non‐taped tooth mold had DOCs that were significantly greater (28%–35%) than those in the stainless‐steel mold. The taped tooth mold also produced significantly greater DOCs, but only by 6%–8%. Knoop hardness (KNH) measurements along the central axis of the RBC specimens showed that depths for 80% of maximum hardness were substantially greater than those determined by the ISO DOC protocol but were limited to the center and quickly dropped below 80% in a lateral direction. The KHN mapping for each of the three molds found that the ISO DOCs could validate a KHN of ≥80% across the RBC to the periphery, only for the non‐taped tooth mold. This was due to light incident on the tooth surrounding the RBC being scattered into the RBC.
STAR mapping method to identify driving sites in persistent atrial fibrillation: Application through sequential mapping
Authors: Honarbakhsh Shohreh , Schilling Richard J. , Finlay Malcolm , Keating Emily , Ullah Waqas , Hunter Ross J. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIntroductionThe optimal way to map localized drivers in persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) remains unclear. The objective of the study was to apply a novel vector mapping approach called Stochastic Trajectory Analysis of Ranked signals (STAR) in AF.Methods and ResultsPatients having persistent AF ablation were included. Early sites of activation (ESA) identified on global STAR maps created with basket catheters were used to guide AF ablation post‐pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). All patients also had sequential STAR maps created with ≥10 PentaRay recordings of 30 seconds. These were validated offline in their ability to identify the ESA targeted with a study‐defined ablation response (AF termination or cycle length [CL] slowing of ≥30 ms).Thirty‐two patients were included in whom 92 ESA were identified on the global STAR maps, with 73 of 83 targeted sites demonstrating an ablation response (24 AF termination and 49 CL slowing). Sixty‐one out of 73 (83.6%) ESA were also identified on the sequential STAR maps. These showed greater consistency (P < .001), were seen pre‐ and post‐PVI (P < .001) and were more likely to be associated with AF termination on ablation (P = .007). The sensitivity and specificity of sequential mapping for the detection of ESA with an ablation response was 84.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 74.6‐92.2) and 90.0% (95% CI = 55.5‐99.8), respectively. During a follow‐up of 19.4 ± 3.7 months, 28 (80%) patients were free from AF/atrial tachycardia.ConclusionsSTAR mapping consistently identified ESA in all patients and the ablation response was compatible with ESA being driver sites. Mechanistically important ESA were successfully identified using sequential recordings.
Blood pressure variability in the management of hypertensive emergency: A narrative review
Authors: Cucci Michaelia D. , Benken Scott T. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHypertensive emergencies (HTNe) primarily focus on decreasing the blood pressure to specific targets. However, there are emerging data surrounding the potential clinical effects of blood pressure variability (BPV) in patients with HTNe. This narrative review highlights the various definitions of BPV, the emerging role of BPV, and the clinical data surrounding BPV in the HTNe setting. Clinical studies were obtained from a PubMed search through October 2018 utilizing PICO methodology. Original research articles, systematic reviews, and meta‐analyses were considered for inclusion. Articles were selected for inclusion based on the relevancy of the article investigating BPV in the HTNe setting. There is currently no accepted standard to express BPV in the acute care setting of HTNe, and various parameters have been reported. There are very limited data regarding BPV outside of the neurologic HTNe setting. In the acute treatment phase of neurologic HTNe, BPV is consistently associated with increased risk of unfavorable outcomes. In the HTNe setting, continuous infusion of calcium channel blockers may optimize BPV compared to other agents. Based on current data, BPV should be investigated in a prospective systemic fashion. Efforts should be taken to ensure that BPV is minimized in the acute phase of HTNe, especially for those patients with intracranial hemorrhage. This reduced BPV is associated with improved favorable outcomes, but further study investigating specific pharmacologic agents is needed.
SOFT INFORMATION PRODUCTION IN SME LENDING
Authors: Del Gaudio Belinda L. , Griffiths Mark D. , Sampagnaro Gabriele 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe analyze the determinants of soft information production on bank clients assuming that this information is collected through close contact with borrowers. After classifying contacts based on the initiator and the location of the lender–borrower meetings, we find that banks have more direct contact with firms characterized by low risk and low use of their banking products, indicating that there may also be commercial reasons for such contact. Our findings suggest that the production of soft information may follow a quality selection process in which banks prefer to strengthen relationships with clients characterized by low risk and low use of their products. We provide additional evidence of the role of soft information in ongoing interactions between banks and borrowers. Banks that initiate contacts at the firm location result in future lower risk, lower spreads, and increased product sales.
Spillover feedback loops and strategic complements in R&D
Authors: Chalioti Evangelia 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis paper studies, in a two‐period model, the effects of knowledge spillovers among product market competitors on R&D levels. It argues that when firms' R&D decisions are strategic complements, in industries in which spillovers increase the marginal productivity of a firm's R&D, both incomingandoutgoing spillovers spur R&D in equilibrium. Outgoing spillovers can foster innovation even in a homogeneous‐product industry. In these industries, the intellectual property law should be such that facilitates knowledge diffusion. If firms have power in deciding the level of knowledge spillovers, we show that a firm will choose to disclose its knowledge to its product market competitors.
A phylogenomic resolution for the taxonomy of Aegean green lizards
Authors: Kornilios Panagiotis , Thanou Evanthia , Lymberakis Petros , Ilgaz Çetin , Kumlutaş Yusuf , Leaché Adam 
Published: September 2019

AbstractLacerta pamphylica and Lacerta trilineata are two currently recognized green lizard species with a historically problematic taxonomy. In cases of tangled phylogenies, next‐generation sequencing and double‐digest restriction‐site‐associated DNA protocols can provide a wealth of genomic data and resolve difficult taxonomic issues. Here, we generated genome‐wide SNPs and mitochondrial sequences, and applied molecular species delimitation approaches to provide a stable taxonomy for the Aegean green lizards. Mitochondrial gene trees, genetic cluster delimitation and population structure analyses converged into recognizing the populations of (a) L. pamphylica, (b) east Aegean islands, Anatolia and Thrace (diplochondrodes lineage), (c) central Aegean islands (citrovittata), and (d) remaining Balkan populations and islands (trilineata), as separate clusters. Phylogenomic analyses revealed a split into two major clades, east and west of the Aegean Barrier, unambiguously showing a sister–clade relationship between pamphylica and diplochondrodes, rendering L. trilineata paraphyletic. Species delimitation models were tested in a Bayesian framework using the genomic SNPs: lumping all populations into a single ‘species’ had the lowest likelihood but the current taxonomy was also outperformed by all other models. All lines of evidence support the Pamphylian green lizard as a valid species; thus, east Aegean L. trilineata should also be considered a distinct species under the name Lacerta diplochondrodes. Finally, evidence from the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes is overwhelmingly in favour of recognizing the morphologically distinct Cycladian green lizards as a distinct species. We propose their elevation to full species under the name Lacerta citrovittata. All remaining insular and continental populations of the Balkan Peninsula represent the species L. trilineata.
Thermodynamic Performance Study of the SOFC–GT–RC System Fueled by LNG With CO2 Recovery
Authors: Yang Xiaoyu , Zhao Hongbin , Hou Qinlong 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Distributed energy technology is an important developing direction of the future energy technology. This paper puts forward a distributed energy system named SOFC–GT–RC (solid oxide fuel cell–gas turbine–recovering carbon dioxide) with liquefied natural gas (LNG) as fuel and recovering carbon dioxide. In the system, the cold energy of LNG can not only cool the compressor inlet air to reduce the consumption of compressor work, but also to supply cold energy and to recover CO2. Based on the mathematical model of each part, the thermodynamic calculation model of the whole system is built by fortran, which is embedded in aspen plus. The results of calculation indicate the thermal efficiency and total power efficiency are 74.5% and 56.7% while the exergy efficiency is 61.8%. In addition, some operating parameters such as fuel utilization factor and fuel flow rate are selected. Based on these operating parameters, the new system thermodynamic performance is studied. The results point that this SOFC–GT–RC system fueled by LNG increases the total power and decreases waste of cold energy and the pollution of the environment, which would be an effective utilization style of energy in China's LNG satellite stations.