bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
WITHDRAWN—Administrative Duplicate Publication: Book review: Trauma, Abandonment and Privilege: A Guide to Therapeutic Work With Boarding School Survivors
Authors: Senior John 
Published: April 2019

Senior J (2019) Book review: Trauma, Abandonment and Privilege: A Guide to Therapeutic Work With Boarding School Survivors. Gifted Education International. Epub ahead of print 8 April 2019. Ahead of Print article withdrawn by publisher. Due to an administrative error, this article was accidentally published twice Online First with different DOIs. The correct and citable version of the article remains: Senior J (2019) Book review: Trauma, Abandonment and Privilege: A Guide to Therapeutic Work With Boarding School Survivors. Gifted Education International 35(2): 171–173. DOI: 10.1177/0261429419836999
Pedometers alone do not increase mobility in inpatient rehabilitation: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Atkins Amy , Cannell John , Barr Christopher 
Published: April 2019

Objective: To test if pedometers, as a motivational tool, could affect mobility outcomes in inpatient rehabilitation. Design: Randomized controlled clinical trial. Setting: Subacute hospital rehabilitation unit in Australia. Participants: A total of 78 participants with reduced mobility and clinician-determined capacity to improve. Interventions: Both groups received usual care. For the intervention group, a pedometer was worn on the hip with the step count visible to participant and recorded daily on an exercise log. For the control group, a pedometer fixed shut was worn on the hip and they recorded estimated distances walked on an exercise log. Main measures: Primary outcome was functional mobility – De Morton Mobility Index. Secondary outcome measures were walking velocity, functional independence measure, time spent upright and daily step count. Results: Significant improvements over time ( P < 0.001) in functional mobility, comfortable walking velocity and functional independence measure were not influenced by the intervention. The daily average upright time (hours) in the first week of intervention was different ( P = 0.004) between the intervention group (median, interquartile range (IQR): 1.67, 1.77) compared to the control group (median, IQR: 1.12, 0.82). Conclusion: Pedometers as a motivational tool without targets do not improve functional mobility in this population. Pedometers may improve daily upright time in this setting.
Effectiveness of Isolated Hip Exercise, Knee Exercise, or Free Physical Activity for Patellofemoral Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Hott Alexandra , Brox Jens Ivar , Pripp Are Hugo , Juel Niels Gunnar , Paulsen Gøran , Liavaag Sigurd 
Published: April 2019

Background: Exercise for patellofemoral pain (PFP) is traditionally knee focused, targeting quadriceps muscles. In recent years, hip-focused exercise has gained popularity. Patient education is likely an important factor but is underresearched. Purpose: To compare 3 treatment methods for PFP, each combined with patient education: hip-focused exercise, knee-focused exercise, or free physical activity. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: A single-blind randomized controlled trial was performed with 112 patients who were 16 to 40 years old (mean, 27.6 years) and had a symptom duration >3 months (mean, 39 months) with a clinical diagnosis of PFP and no radiograph or magnetic resonance evidence of other pathology. Patients were randomized to a 6-week intervention consisting of patient education combined with isolated hip-focused exercise (n = 39), traditional knee-focused exercise (n = 37), or free physical activity (n = 36). The primary outcome was Anterior Knee Pain Scale (0-100) at 3 months. Secondary outcomes were visual analog scale for pain, Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia, Knee Self-efficacy Scale, EuroQol, step-down, and isometric strength. Results: There were no between-group differences in any primary or secondary outcomes at 3 months except for hip abduction strength and knee extension strength. Between-group differences at 3 months for Anterior Knee Pain Scale were as follows: knee versus control, 0.2 (95% CI, –5.5 to 6.0); hip versus control, 1.0 (95% CI, –4.6 to 6.6); and hip versus knee, 0.8 (95% CI, –4.8 to 6.4). The whole cohort of patients improved for all outcomes at 3 months except for knee extension strength. Conclusion: The authors found no difference in short-term effectiveness in combining patient education with knee-focused exercise, hip-focused exercise, or free training for patients with PFP. Registration: NCT02114294 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier).
Estimation of Wage–Risk Differentials Without Wages
Authors: Vitaliano Donald F. 
Published: April 2019

Utilizing the duality properties of a production/profit function, this article estimates the risk premium received by Pennsylvania bituminous coal miners in 1915, without recourse to any information related to wages. A Cobb-Douglas coal production function is fitted to data for 694 mining establishments. Miners received modest risk compensation, expressed as the value of a statistical life (VSL), of US$6,020 for fatal injuries and US$3,550 for nonfatal accidents. Converted to current price and wage levels, the death risk VSL is roughly US$400,000—far below modern multi-million dollar life values for workplace risk. JEL Classifications: II0, JI7, J28, LII, L72
Employee Sleep and Workplace Health Promotion: A Systematic Review
Authors: Robbins Rebecca , Jackson Chandra L. , Underwood Phoenix , Vieira Dorice , Jean-Louis Giradin , Buxton Orfeu M. 
Published: April 2019

Objective: Workplace-based employee health promotion programs often target weight loss or physical activity, yet there is growing attention to sleep as it affects employee health and performance. The goal of this review is to systematically examine workplace-based employee health interventions that measure sleep duration as an outcome. Data Source: We conducted systematic searches in PubMed, Web of Knowledge, EMBASE, Scopus, and PsycINFO (n = 6177 records). Study Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria: To be included in this systematic review, studies must include (1) individuals aged >18 years, (2) a worker health-related intervention, (3) an employee population, and (4) sleep duration as a primary or secondary outcome. Results: Twenty studies met criteria. Mean health promotion program duration was 2.0 months (standard deviation [SD] = 1.3), and mean follow-up was 5.6 months (SD = 6.5). The mean sample size of 395 employees (SD = 700.8) had a mean age of 41.5 years (SD = 5.2). Measures of sleep duration included self-report from a general questionnaire (n = 12, 66.6%), self-report based on Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (n = 4, 22.2%), and self-report and actigraphy combined (n = 5, 27.7%). Studies most commonly included sleep hygiene (35.0%), yoga (25.0%), physical activity (10.0%), and cognitive–behavioral therapy for insomnia (10.0%) interventions. Across the interventions, 9 different behavior change techniques (BCTs) were utilized; the majority of interventions used 3 or fewer BCTs, while 1 intervention utilized 4 BCTs. Study quality, on average, was 68.9% (SD = 11.1). Half of the studies found workplace-based health promotion program exposure was associated with a desired increase in mean nightly sleep duration (n = 10, 50.0%). Conclusions: Our study findings suggest health promotion programs may be helpful for increasing employee sleep duration and subsequent daytime performance.
Factors Influencing Bone Mineral Density Among Adults of Delhi: A Gender Differential
Authors: Rulu Peteneinuo , Dhall Meenal , Tyagi Renu , Devi Kshetrimayum Surmala , Feroz Nilupher , Kapoor Satwanti , Tungdim Mary Grace , Thakur Sunil 
Published: April 2019

Objective: The aim of the study was to find out the risk factor of bone mineral density (BMD). Methodology: Cross-sectional data were collected on 233 participants (males and females) with age ranging from 20 to 70 years. The subjects were divided into two groups consisting of young adults of 20–45 years and older adults of >45 years. The BMD was calculated by a heel ultrasonic test. Each subject was measured for various adiposity markers like body fat, body mass index, body shape index (BSI), body adiposity index and lifestyle parameters. Results: BSI was found to be higher among older adults in both males and females. The risk of osteoporosis and osteopenia was also seen to be significantly higher among older adults of >45 years ( p < 0.001). Various factors like age ( p < 0.001), milk intake status ( p < 0.05), education ( p < 0.01), occupation ( p < 0.05) and body adiposity index ( p < 0.05) were found to be risks for osteoporosis and osteopenia. Conclusion: In our study, BMD was found to be highly correlated with age, and the risk of osteopenia and osteoporosis increased as age increased. Illiteracy, milk consumption status, homemakers and higher body adiposity were also identified as risk factors for developing osteopenia and osteoporosis.
High-Fidelity Anthropometric Facial Measurements Can Be Obtained From a Single Stereophotograph From the Vectra H1 3-Dimensional Camera
Authors: Jodeh Diana S. , Rottgers S. Alex 
Published: April 2019

Background: Anthropometry is a well-established means of measuring facial morphology. Although reliable, direct anthropometry can be time-consuming and not conducive to a busy clinical practice. The Vectra H1 handheld stereophotogrammetric system requires 3 stereophotographs taken from different perspectives to generate a three-dimensional (3D) surface. The time needed to take the 3 stereophotographs can increase the possibility of involuntary movements, precluding its use to assess young patients. To overcome this limitation, we evaluated if accurate linear facial measurements can be obtained from a single stereophotograph and compare these to the measurements taken by direct anthropometry. Methods: Twenty pediatric patients, aged 0 to 10 years, who were undergoing minor surgical procedures at Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital were recruited. Fourteen linear facial distances were obtained from each participant using direct anthropometry under general anesthesia. These same distances were measured using Mirror 3D analysis. Intraclass correlation was used to determine intrarater reliability on duplicate 3D images. Results: Correlation coefficients between 3D imaging in frontal view and direct anthropometric measurements were excellent for 13 measures taken, ranging from 0.8 (subnasale to columella and subnasale to stomion superius) to 0.98 (nasion to subnasale and subnasale to labiale superius). Correlation coefficients between submental view and direct anthropometric measurements were excellent for 13 measures as well, ranging from 0.77 (subnasale to columella) to 0.98 (nasion to subnasale). Conclusions: Linear anthropometric measurements taken from 3D surfaces generated from a single stereophotograph correlate closely with direct anthropometric measures. This improves workflow and applicability of anthropometric studies to our youngest patients.
Pupil cerclage technique for treatment of traumatic mydriasis
Authors: Frisina Rino , Parrozzani Raffaele , Tozzi Luigi , Pilotto Elisabetta , Midena Edoardo 
Published: April 2019

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of pupil cerclage and a new variant of sliding knot technique for repairing traumatic mydriasis. Design: This is a observational case series study. Setting/methods: A series of consecutive patients affected by traumatic permanent mydriasis who underwent pupil cerclage were recruited at the Department of Ophthalmology of the University of Padova, Italy. Best-corrected visual acuity, measured in logarithm of minimum angle of resolution (logMAR), and intraocular pressure at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months were monitored. Postoperative pupil size and anterior chamber angle were measured. Postoperative cystoid macular edema (CME) and glaucoma were evaluated. Results: Twelve patients were recruited. Phakic patients (7) underwent cataract surgery combined with pupil cerclage. Vitrectomy was performed in nine patients. Best-corrected visual acuity improved from 2.9 ± 1.1 logMAR at baseline to 0.3 ± 0.8 logMAR at 12th month. No significant difference between the preoperative and postoperative intraocular pressure was demonstrated. Mean pupil size at 12th month was 2.82 ± 0.5 mm with round shape. Anterior chamber angle mean was 47° ± 4.5°. Six patients developed a CME, and two patients a glaucoma. Conclusion: Pupil cerclage technique reestablishes the pupil with a precise regulation of the pupil size without distortion of its natural round shape. New sliding knot allows surgeon to reduce the risk of iatrogenic iris damage and to make a security permanent knot.
Magnetisation transfer ratio abnormalities in primary and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis
Authors: Brown James William L , Chowdhury Azmain , Kanber Baris , Prados Carrasco Ferran , Eshaghi Arman , Sudre Carole H , Pardini Matteo , Samson Rebecca S , van de Pavert Steven HP , Wheeler-Kingshott Claudia Gandini , Chard Declan T 
Published: April 2019

Background: In relapse-onset multiple sclerosis (MS), tissue abnormality – as assessed with magnetisation transfer ratio (MTR) imaging – is greater in the outer cortical and inner periventricular layers. The cause of this remains unknown but meningeal inflammation has been implicated, particularly lymphoid follicles, which are seen in secondary progressive (SP) but not primary progressive (PP) MS. Cortical and periventricular MTR gradients might, therefore, differ in PPMS and SPMS if these follicles are responsible. Objective: We assessed cortical and periventricular MTR gradients in PPMS, and compared gradients between people with PPMS and SPMS. Methods: Using an optimised processing pipeline, periventricular normal-appearing white matter and cortical grey-matter MTR gradients were compared between 51 healthy controls and 63 people with progressive MS (28 PPMS, 35 SPMS). Results: The periventricular gradient was significantly shallower in healthy controls (0.122 percentage units (pu)/band) compared to PPMS (0.952 pu/band, p < 0.0001) and SPMS (1.360 pu/band, p < 0.0001). The cortical gradient was also significantly shallower in healthy controls (−2.860 pu/band) compared to PPMS (−3.214 pu/band, p = 0.038) and SPMS (−3.328 pu/band, p = 0.016). Conclusion: Abnormal periventricular and cortical MTR gradients occur in both PPMS and SPMS, suggesting comparable underlying pathological processes.
Early Mobilization Post–Hip Fracture Surgery
Authors: Kenyon-Smith Timothy , Nguyen Eric , Oberai Tarandeep , Jarsma Ruurd 
Published: April 2019

Introduction: Early mobilization after hip fracture surgery is a widely practiced component of postoperative care. However, there is little evidence to suggest that early mobilization post–hip fracture surgery is beneficial in reducing postoperative complications. This study aims to investigate the effect of early mobilization following hip fracture surgery on postoperative complications. Materials and Methods: This study retrospectively included 240 patients (female = 165, male = 75, mean age: 82.2 years) admitted to a level 1 trauma center in Adelaide, Australia, for hip fracture surgery. The effect of early mobilization on postoperative complications was assessed along with premorbid status. Subgroup analysis of patients stratified by premorbid health was subsequently analyzed to reduce confounding. Results: The odds of developing a complication were 1.9 times higher if the patient remained bedbound compared to mobilizing. Early mobilization was favorable to delayed mobilization. On average, complication-free patients mobilized earlier (mean [M] = 29 hours) compared to patients who experienced complications (M = 38 hours). In particular, rates of delirium was significantly reduced in patients who mobilized compared to remaining bedbound. However, premorbid status varied greatly. Early mobilizers had significantly better premorbid health than patients who remained bedbound. Overall subgroup analysis of patients with similar premorbid health showed mobilization was not associated with a reduction in complications. With an exception of patients with poor premorbid health, who experienced a reduction in complications following early mobilization. Discussion: In general, early mobilization was associated with the same complication rates as delayed mobilization and remaining bedbound. Patients with poor premorbid health benefited most from early mobilization with reduced complication rates. Conclusion: Postoperative delirium and premorbid health were better indicators of postoperative outcomes than time to mobilization.
A detailed profile of pain in severe endometriosis
Authors: Markham Robert , Luscombe Georgina M , Manconi Frank , Fraser Ian S 
Published: April 2019

Objective: To investigate the detailed nature of pain symptoms reported by women with endometriosis and those without current gynecological complaint. Design: Self-administered cross-sectional study was conducted using a structured questionnaire. Setting: Teaching hospital clinic, specialist gynecologist, and family practice patients; endometriosis community support group members; and university staff and students. Subjects: A total of 737 women returned completed surveys: women with endometriosis ( n = 529) and with no current gynecological complaint ( n = 208). Intervention(s): None. Main outcome measure(s): Demographics, experience of pain symptoms: frequency, severity, and characteristics. Results: All pain symptoms were significantly more common among women with endometriosis compared with controls. Women with endometriosis all reported experiencing dysmenorrhea to some degree ( N = 527, two missing), although the severity was “slight” for 5%. Dyspareunia was reported by 92% of women with endometriosis, most commonly during intercourse, rather than at the start or post-coital. The other pain symptoms experienced by women with endometriosis, in order of frequency, were lower back pain (93%), pain at ovulation (87%), pelvic pain other than during menses, ovulation, urination or intercourse (79%), dysuria (71%), and rectal pain (67%). The great majority of women with endometriosis reported multiple sources and types of pain. Among women with endometriosis there were clear associations between the severity of dysmenorrhea and the frequency of experiencing dyspareunia and other pain symptoms. Conclusion: Pain symptoms in women with endometriosis were generally much more extensive and complex than recognized by most clinicians.
Screw trajectory affects screw cut-out risk after fixation for nondisplaced femoral neck fracture in elderly patients
Authors: Wu Yueh , Leu Tsai-Hsueh , Chuang Tai-Yuan , Ho Wei-Pin , Chen Yu-Pin , Lin Chung-Ying 
Published: April 2019

Background: Incidence of femoral neck fracture has risen with the aging of the population and has critical implications with regard to patient death, functional dependence, and social costs. Screw fixation using triangular configurations and calcar placement are still the preferred treatment for nondisplaced femoral neck fracture, to reduce the risk of loss of reduction and nonunion. However, this method is still controversial in terms of the effects of screw trajectory, including parallel or nonparallel configurations, on fixation of femoral neck fractures. This study aimed to compare the incidence of complications between patients who have undergone fixation with a parallel or a nonparallel screw trajectory. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 55 patients who were older than 60 years and diagnosed with nondisplaced femoral neck fracture from March 2014 to March 2016, and who were treated with cannulated screw fixation in our institution. Patient demographics, radiographic parameters including reduction quality, screw trajectory, and complications during the follow-up period were all evaluated. Results: The overall complication rate for screw fixation in elderly patients was 23.6%, and screw cut-out was the most common complication, occurring in 14.5% of all enrolled patients. Also, we found that screw cut-out occurred in more osteoporotic patients, and all screw cut-outs were in groups treated with a nonparallel screw trajectory. However, parallel screw fixation was inclined to back out more after fracture healing and had a lower risk of postoperative screw cut-out. Conclusions: Our results suggested that fixation with nonparallel screws for nondisplaced femoral neck fracture in elderly and osteoporotic patients might interfere with shortening of the femoral neck along with fracture healing, leaving patients at risk of postoperative screw cut-out from the femoral head.
Deep palmar tumorous conditions of the hand
Authors: Ozcanli Haluk , Ozaksar Kemal , Cavit Ali , Gurer Elif Inanc , Cevikol Can , Ada Sait 
Published: April 2019

Purpose: Deep palmar tumors of the hand are very rare, and reported cases are usually benign. The most important issue is frequent anatomical variations with challenging surgical exposure and excision of these lesions. Some case reports or a small series of patients have been reported in the literature. The aim of this study was to present our experience with the deep palmar tumors of the hand. Patients and Methods: In the study, retrospective analyses of 43 patients treated with deep palmar tumors of the hand between January 1998 and June 2015 were evaluated. Tumors and tumor-like pathologies of the deep palmar space of the hand were retrospectively evaluated according to age, gender, localization, preoperative symptoms, size, site, treatment methods, histopathology, and early and late complications. Statistics and data analyses were also performed. Results: All 43 pathologies were benign, and histopathologic diagnoses were 10 lipomas, 8 ganglions, 5 giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath, 4 schwannomas, 3 hemangiomas, 3 palmar fibromatosis, 2 epidermal cysts, 2 neurofibroma, 1 angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia, 1 granuloma, 1 calcifying aponeurotic fibroma, 1 digital fibroma, 1 foreign body granuloma, and 1 lipofibromatous hamartoma. The most common complication was temporary numbness and paresthesias of the digits. Marginal excision was performed in 40 patients, excision with nerve grafting in 2 patients (with neurofibroma) and carpal tunnel release in one patient with lipofibromatous hamartoma. Conclusion: In the deep palmar space of the hand, pathologies are closely associated with tendons, muscles, and neurovascular structures. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging is helpful for the preoperative diagnosis, evaluating tumor extension, and successful surgical planning. Level of Evidence: IV Therapautic