bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE PINK ROCKS OF CARLO CRIVELLI (CIRCA 1489)
Authors: MONTANARI ALESSANDRO , PIGNOCCHI GAIA , MAINIERO GIANLUCA , MAINIERO MAURIZIO 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Until the 1800s, art historians considered the Venetian artist Carlo Crivelli (circa 1435–1495) to be a secondary if not a minor painter. This lack of recognition stems essentially from the dissemination of his paintings in churches and convents throughout the provincial region of Marche (central-eastern Italy), where Crivelli spent the most productive period of his life from 1468 until his death in 1495. As a consequence of this limited accessibility, his paintings could not be seen by mainstream art dealers and historians such as the scrupulous Giorgio Vasari (1511–1574). More than anybody else, the British demonstrated a great interest in Crivelli’s art in the late 1800s by acquiring many of his dispersed paintings that eventually ended up in the National Gallery of London, where the richest collection of the artist’s paintings is preserved today. Among them, ‘The Vision of the Blessed Gabriele’ is the one that attracted our attention not so much for its pictorial qualities and symbolic significance typical of Renaissance paintings, but rather for the many details making up the background of the painting, which accurately depicted the geological and environmental characteristics of the Adriatic port city of Ancona and the nearby Monte Cònero mountain. In this research, besides a meticulous study of architectural, geomorphologic, faunal, and floral details, we focused on the representation of a large outcrop of strikingly pink, thinly stratified rocks, which we studied through a quantitative RGB (red, green, blue) chromatic analysis and then compared the results with those from an analogous analysis of rock samples and outcrop images of all the more-orless red formations of the Umbria-Marche lithostratigraphic succession. This led us to the conclusion that Crivelli’s pink rocks represent the lower Paleogene Scaglia Rossa limestone exposed at Monte Cònero. Thus, the background of Crivelli’s painting ‘The Vision of the Blessed Gabriele’ is no longer an idealized landscape put there as a symbolic or simple wing of a theater stage, but a realistic representation of the physical environment surrounding the main subject of the painting as only a few Renaissance maestros like Piero della Francesca, Andrea Mantegna, and Leonardo da Vinci incorporated in their most famous and studied masterpieces.
Oral health knowledge and attitude among nursing students and staff in Mahasamund City, India
Authors: Chandrakar Mayank 
Published: November 2024

Oral health is a human right, an integral part of general health and essential for overall wellbeing and quality of life. Proper oral health care reduces premature mortality Nurses act as a link between admitted patients and doctors in the hospital. Public health nurses can educate people about health subjects. The study was conducted to assess oral health knowledge and attitude among nursing students and staff in Mahasamund city, India.To assess the level of knowledge and attitude regarding oral health among nursing students and staff in Mahasamund City, India and to identify gaps that can be addressed through targeted educational interventions.The study was conducted at five nursing colleges in Mahasamund city, India. A total of 281 nursing students and staff from nursing colleges were included and requested to complete 25 closely ended questionnaires. A written informed consent was taken. The data collected was analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 16.0 and frequencies were calculated for each item in the questionnaire. 53% were of the view that toothpaste and brush is an ideal material for brushing. More than (73%) participants responded that gum infections were responsible for bleeding from gums. Almost 6.4% reported that brushing should be done twice daily. The majority of those (65%) had sufficient knowledge for detection of Dental Caries. Almost 66% had sufficient knowledge about Public Health Dentistry. Most of the (70%) were interested in doing work at the Public Health Dentistry.The overall oral health knowledge and attitude of nursing students and staff was insufficient. Only half of the study participants were aware of various aspects of oral health. Nurses should have basic knowledge about oral health and disease. It is recommended that a dental curriculum should be introduced in the nurses undergraduate training program which can be housed in Public Health Dentistry department as a part of community nursing.
Mathematical foundation of High-Dimensional Data Analysis: Leveraging Topology and Geometry for Enhanced Model Interpretability in AI
Authors: Keningson Jonathan 
Published: November 2024

One of the most important challenges for modern AI and machine learning is the analysis of high-dimensional data. Traditional methods face serious complications in such cases due to high complexity of datasets: the curse of dimensionality, overfitting, and lack of transparency of model behavior. In this paper, we adopt a novel approach to analyze high-dimensional data; topological and geometric techniques will be exploited, taking advantage of better model interpretability and deeper insights into the structure. Precisely, we discuss Topological Data Analysis, mainly Persistent Homology (Edelsbrunner et al., 2002), which allows the extraction of topological features-like loops and connected components that enable the extracting knowledge about the global structure of data. We also see how some concepts of differential geometry and Riemannian geometry (Do Carmo, 1976) can be used to cast light on manifold data structure lying at the heart of any attempt at modeling intrinsic patterns in high-dimensional spaces.
We will review how these mathematical pillars, combined with state-of-the-art techniques for dimensionality reduction like t-SNE, UMAP, Principal Component Analysis, are able to provide interpretable and low-dimensional representations of high-dimensional data that can be used to understand models and make decisions. Case studies are also included, which explain the practical working of these methods in AI systems and show how much complex models can be made transparent using these, especially in domains that are very critical, such as healthcare (Caruana et al., 2015), finance (Chen et al., 2018), and autonomous systems ( Wang et al., 2019).
We also discuss some of the difficulties in using these methods for practical applications: computational complexity; the need for large-scale data processing (Bengio et al., 2007); and integration of topological and geometric intuition with the rest of the machine learning pipeline (Zhu et al., 2020). We conclude with possible future directions of research toward fine-tuning these methods and exploring their broader applicability to AI in its quest for more robust, interpretable, and reliable AI models. Given this work, we focus on how linking topology, geometry, and AI bears great promise for solving one of today's critical challenges: model interpretability in high-dimensional data analysis.
Lymphocyte-monocyte index as a new marker for the prognosis of early recurrence of the disease in patients with glioblastoma
Authors: Sklyar S. S. , Matsko M. V. , Safarov B. I. , Ulitin A. Yu. , Olyushin V. E. , Samochernykh K. А. 
Published: November 2024

Every day, the number of scientific studies in the global medical community is growing, emphasizing the importance of the immune system in the prognosis and course of oncological diseases. The lymphocyte-monocyte index has already demonstrated its prognostic role in some forms of tumor disease. However, its significance in glioblastomas has not been fully determined.The aim of the study is to study the prognostic value of the lymphocyte-monocyte index for patients with glioblastoma.Material and methods. The study included 45 patients with primary supratentorial glioblastoma over the age of 18 who had reached the first relapse of the disease. In each case, the level of leukocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes and LMR (ratio of lymphocytes to monocytes) in peripheral blood before surgery was assessed, and symptomatic treatment with glucocorticosteroids was taken into account. The histological diagnosis was established in accordance with the WHO classification of Central nervous system tumors in 2021. All patients after the neurosurgical stage of treatment received standard antitumor treatment (radiation therapy, chemotherapy with temozolomide). The effect of LMR on the median of the first relapse-free period was studied.Results. A significant increase in the absolute number of monocytes was found in patients receiving dexamethasone therapy (p = 0.014). At the same time, the appointment of GCS did not affect the level of lymphocytes and LMR. The median of the first relapse-free period was statistically higher in patients with an LMR of more than 4 (p = 0.05; 47 vs 30.5 weeks).Conclusions. Low LMR is a marker of the prognosis of early recurrence of the disease for patients with glioblastomas. It is important to note that despite the fact that the level of monocytes was directly correlated with the appointment of glucocorticosteroids to patients, the LMR was not affected by the appointment of this group of drugs.
Energy Budgeting of Different Cropping Sequences in the Indian Upper Gangetic Plains
Authors: . L.R.Meena , Kumar Devendra , Meena Sampat Ram , . S.A.Kochewad , . Anjali , Meena Adarsh Kumar 
Published: November 2024

Background: This study is meant to examine the energy requirement and energy input- output of different cropping sequences .The crucial objective to conduct experiment to understand energy efficiency using inputs and outputs which were disbursed in cropping sequences. Hence, it is need of the hour to identify the most remunerative and cost effective cropping sequence with high energy efficient for UGP of India. Methods: This study was carried out at the research farm of ICAR-Indian Institute of Farming Systems Research, Modipuram, during 2017-2021.The divergent cropping sequences viz. sugarcane-ratoon-wheat (CS1); rice-wheat-dhaincha (CS2); pigeonpea +maize-chickpea-okra (CS3); maize-berseem-black gram (CS4); sorghum-mustard-green gram (CS5) and Napier+cowpea/berseem (CS6) were compared in reference to curtail higher energy inputs through selected alternate cropping sequences. The obtained energy values were calculated by multiplying the amount of inputs and outputs by using energy conversion factors. Result: Maximum inputs energy consumed by sugarcane crop alone (33.14x103 MJ ha-1). Results shown that irrigation, seed, fertilizers and diesel required higher energy for the completion of cultural operations. However, higher inputs energy was used in irrigation followed by seed and fertilizers, respectively. In regard to per cent energy intake through inputs, the highest energy spent was for irrigation (35.30 MJ ha-1) and fertilizer (23.80 MJ ha-1).The wheat equivalent yield was higher in sugarcane-ratoon-wheat (125.58 t ha-1). Maximum output energy was with above system (596.70×103 MJ ha-1). Highest net energy returns was counted with sugarcane-ratoon-wheat (549.37x103 MJ ha-1), energy ratio (12.60) and energy profitability (11.60). Indeed, energy efficiency was highest in same system (1657.50) followed by maize-berseem-black gram (1421.96).
PENERAPAN KODE REED MULLER PADA SISTEM KRIPTOGRAFI MCELIECE
Authors: Rozi Rizal Fahrur , Utomo Putranto Hadi 
Published: November 2024

Komputer kuantum memiliki keunggulan dalam memproses suatu perhitungan lebih cepat dibanding komputer yang ada saat ini. Keunggulan komputer kuantum menjadi ancaman bagi beberapa sistem kriptografi. Sistem kriptografi McEliece bertahan dari ancaman karena menggunakan kode koreksi kesalahan pada prosesnya. Pada sistem kriptografi McEliece, pesan yang dikirim dengan sengaja ditambah kesalahan sehingga tidak dapat dibaca penyadap. Kode Reed Muller merupakan salah satu kode tertua yang memiliki kemampuan untuk memperbaiki banyak kesalahan. Pada artikel ini akan dijelaskan penerapan kode Reed Muller pada sistem kriptografi McEliece. Quantum computers have the advantage of processing calculations faster than existing computers. The advantages of quantum computers pose a threat to several cryptosystem. The McEliece cryptosystem survives threats because it uses error-correcting codes in its processes. In the McEliece cryptosystem, messages sent are deliberately added with errors so that eavesdroppers cannot read them. Reed Muller code is one of the oldest codes that has the ability to fix many errors. This article will explain the application of Reed Muller code to the McEliece cryptosystem.
EFEKTIFIVITAS PENDEKATAN TPACK PADA PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS PESERTA DIDIK KELAS X SMA GIBS
Authors: Putra Yudo Satrio , Pasani Chairil Faif , Juhairiah  
Published: November 2024

Pemerintah mengeluarkan kebijakan kurikulum Merdeka bertujuan meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik. Supaya tercapai, perlu sebuah model pembelajaran yang dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis. Salah satunya, model pembelajaran matematika dengan pendekatan TPACK (Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) mendeskripsikan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik, (2) mendeskripsikan keefektifan pendekatan TPACK, dan (3) meng­analisis hubungan gender terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik dalam pembelajaran matematika dengan pendekatan TPACK. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode quasi eksperimen . Sampel penelitian ini menggunakan peserta didik kelas X Boys 1 dan kelas X Girl 3. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik kedua kelas tersebut tergolong rendah, (2) efektivitas pendekatan TPACK di kelas X Boys 1 kurang efektif, sedangkan di kelas X Girls 3 tidak efektif, dan (3) tidak terdapat pengaruh gender terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik dalam pembelajaran matematika dengan pendekatan TPACK.
The government issued the Merdeka curriculum policy aimed at increasing students' critical thinking skills. In order to achieve this, we need a learning model that can improve critical thinking skills. One of them is the mathematics learning model with the TPACK (Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge) approach. The aims of this study were (1) to describe students' critical thinking skills, (2) to describe the effectiveness of the TPACK approach, and (3) to analyze gender relations on students' critical thinking abilities in learning mathematics with the TPACK approach. This research method uses a quasi-experimental method. The sample for this study used students in class X Boys 1 and class X Girl 3. The results showed: (1) the critical thinking skills of students in both classes were low, (2) the effectiveness of the TPACK approach in class X Boys 1 was less effective, whereas in class X Girls 3 is not effective, and (3) there is no effect of gender on students' critical thinking skills in learning mathematics with the TPACK approach.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL PEMBELAJARAN PADA MATERI LINGKARAN BERBASIS ETNOMATEMATIKA REBANA UNTUK PESERTA DIDIK SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA
Authors: Dhea Aulia Maldini  , Noor Fajriah  , Rahmita Noorbaiti  
Published: November 2024

Keberhasilan dalam pembelajaran dapat dipengaruhi oleh pemanfaatan sumber belajar atau media yang digunakan selama proses pembelajaran. Karena itu, diperlukan modul sebagai bahan ajar dalam proses pembelajaran. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan modul pembelajaran pada materi lingkaran berbasis etnomatematika rebana untuk peserta didik sekolah menengah pertama yang valid dan praktis. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian pengembangan dengan model pengembangan 4-D yang terdiri dari tahap yaitu pendefinisian, perancangan, pengembangan, dan penyebaran. Penelitian ini terbatas pada tahap ketiga yaitu pengembangan. Instrumen pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini berupa lembar validasi dan respons angket. Validasi dilakukan oleh tiga orang ahli diperoleh skor rata-rata 82,08% dengan kategori valid. Uji coba produk dilakukan pada kelompok kecil yaitu 13 orang peserta didik sehingga diperoleh skor rata-rata 3,09 dan 1 orang pendidik sehingga diperoleh skor rata-rata 3,75 dengan kategori sangat praktis. Berdasarkan uraian tersebut, maka dengan demikian modul pembelajaran yang dikembangkan adalah valid dan praktis.
Success in learning can be influenced by the use of learning resources or media used during the learning process. Therefore, modules are needed as open material in the learning process. The aim of this research is to develop a learning module on circle material based on tambourine ethnomathematics for junior high school students that is valid and practical. This research method uses a development research method with a 4-D development model consisting of the definition stage, design stage, development stage and deployment stage. This research is limited to the third stage, namely development. The data collection instruments in this research were validation sheets and questionnaire responses. Validation was carried out by three experts, obtaining an average score of 82,08% in the valid category. The product trial was carried out on a small group of 13 students so that an average score of 3,09 was obtained and 1 educator was obtained so that an average score of 3,75 was obtained in the very practical category. Based on the description above, the learning module developed is valid and practical.
Probing the Morphology, Structure, and Optical Properties of Copper Samarium Borate Oxide Nanostructures
Authors: Kareem Mohanad Q. , Shareef Sarab M. Shareef , Ameen Maad M. , Hassan Sozan A. , Alimardan Shaheen S. 
Published: November 2024

تضمنت الدراسة تحضير اغشية رقيقة من المتراكب النانوي الجديد اوكسيد بورون سماريوم النحاس (CSmBO) بنجاح باستخدام طريقة solvothermal الملدن عند 350 درجة مئوية لمدة 3 ساعات. وتم توصيفها باستخدام المجهر الإلكتروني الماسح للمجال (FESEM) ، مطياف الأشعة السينية ذات طاقة التشتيت (EDX) ، ومطياف UV-VIS . كشف تحليل المجهر الإلكتروني الماسح للحقل (FESEM) عن اغشية موحدة وكثيفة مع جزيئات نانوية تتراوح في حجمها من 21.49 إلى 96.51 نانومتر. أكد مطياف الأشعة السينية ذات طاقة التشتيت (EDX) على التركيب العنصري للمتراكب النانوي (CSmBO)، مما يثبت النجاح في دمج النحاس والسماريوم والبورون.أشارت أنماط حيود الأشعة السينية إلى تكوين مرحلة بلورية بدرجة عالية من الإجهاد والعيوب، وهو ما يعزى إلى تكتل الجسيمات النانوية. أظهرت المتراكبات النانوية المصنعة قابلية ضبط ملحوظة في الشكل والبنية. كما كشف مطياف UV-Vis عن طيف امتصاص ضوئي واسعًا مع ذروة امتصاص قصوى عند 600 نانومتر، مما يدل على إمكانية استخدام الأفلام الرقيقة المركبة لأكسيد بورون سماريوم النحاس في تطبيقات الإلكترونيات الضوئية. قدرت الفجوة النطاقية الضوئية (Eg) بحوالي 2.03 الكترون فولت، وكانت طاقة Urbach (Eu) 0.15 الكترون فولت، مما يشير إلى درجة منخفضة نسبيًا من حالات ذيل النطاق الموضعي. يبرز التصنيع الناجح للأفلام الرقيقة المركبة لأكسيد بورون سماريوم النحاس بخصائص قابلة للضبط إمكانية استخدام هذا المركب لمجموعة متنوعة من التطبيقات الإلكترونيات الضوئية، بما في ذلك حصاد الطاقة الشمسية والتحفيز الضوئي والصمامات الثنائية الباعثة للضوء.
Preparation of novel adsorbents via functionalized MCM-41 prepared from plant residues
Authors: Hatem Raghad Saad , Mihsen Hayder Hamied , Hussain Alaa Frak 
Published: November 2024

في هذه الدراسه MCM-41 (مركبات السليكا المساميه) تم توظيفها بالتفاعل مع 3-امينوبروبيل تراي ايثوكسي سيلان (APTES) لانتاج MCM-41@APTES الذي يحتوي على مجموعة امين اوليه .في الخطوه اللاحقه 5-بروموسالسلديهايد تفاعل مع MCM-41@APTES بوجود التلوين للحصول على قاعدة شيف الموظفه من مركبات السليكا المساميهMCM-41@APTES-BSAL .المركبات MCM-41@APTES وMCM-41@APTES-BSAL الجديده تم تشخيصها بااستخدام FT-IR, FESEM-EDX, TEM, N2-adsorption –desorption, XRD TGA/DTA .تحليل XRD وTEM اظهرت ان المركبات المحضرهMCM-41@APTES and MCM-41@APTES-BSAL هي سداسيه الترتيب.النتاىج لتقنية N2-adsorption–desorption اشارت الى ان معدل قطر الفجوه و مجموع حجم الفجوه ومساحه السطح المخصصه هي 7.530 nmو0.292 cm3 g−1 و155.19 m2 g−1 و12.654 nm و0.055 cm3g−1 و 17.491 m2 g−1 على التوالي بالاعتماد على نتائج BET. التحاليل الحرايه ل MCM-41@APTES و MCM-41@APTES-BSAL اظهرثلاث خطوات في فقدان الوزن والخطوه الاولى فقدان الماء الممتزعبر عملية فيزيائيه اوكيميائيه على سطح السليكا والخطوه الثانيه تتضمن تحليل الماده العضويه لـ MCM-41@APTES and MCM-41@APTES-BSAL .الخطوه الثالثه تتضمن كسر مجموعة Si-OH في تركيب السليكا وتحولها الى مجموعة سايلوكسان (Si-O-Si) .
MCM-41@APTESوMCM-41@APTES-BSAL استخدم لامتزاز بعض الايونات الثقيله مثل الكوبلت والنحاس من محاليلها المائيه. تم دراسة العوامل المؤثره على الامتزازمثل تركيز ايون الكوبلت والنحاس الثنائيه وتاثير الداله الحامضيه وزمن التعرض والوزن المؤثر لMCM-41@APTES and MCM-41@APTES-BSAL
Synthesis and Characterization of New Petroleum Demulsifies from Poly Acryl Amide with Poly Vinyl Alcohol and Studying Photolysis
Authors: Fadel Zaynab Hussein , Ibrahim Sura K. , Awad Sana Hitur , Mohammed Faris Hamood 
Published: November 2024

من أهم المشاكل المصاحبة لإنتاج الزيت تكوين مستحلبات ثابتة من نوع (ماء في زيت) ، وهذه المستحلبات تؤثر بشكل كبير على عملية معالجة الزيت وتخليصه من الماء. يعتبر تكوين هذه المستحلبات أثناء إنتاج النفط مشكلة مكلفة ، كما أن المحتوى المائي المنخفض لمستحلبات النفط الخام يزيد الإنتاجية ويقلل من احتمالية تآكل خطوط الأنابيب والمعدات المستخدمة. يعد كسر الاستحلاب الكيميائي لمستحلبات الزيت الخام إحدى الطرق المستخدمة لتقليل محتوى الماء. يؤدي وجود المستحلب إلى عدم استقرار طبقة رقيقة بين مستحلب الزيت الخام وقطرات الماء ، مما يؤدي إلى اندماج قطرات الماء بسرعة. تضمن هذا البحث إعداد وتوصيف مزيلات الاستحلاب الجديدة من قواعد شف للاكريل امايد وكذلك من بولي فنيل الكحول التي تعتبر مركبات صديقة للبيئة صديقة للبيئة وفي نفس الوقت تتمتع بكفاءة عالية مقارنة بالمستحلبات المستوردة الأجنبية.. في هذا العمل ، تم إعداد مزيلات مستحلبات جديدة صديقة للبيئة وتساهم في خفض تلوث مياه الأنهار نتيجة استخدام المستحلبات الصناعية ذات السمية العالية. فحصت المركبات المحضرة باستخدام التحليل الطيفي بالأشعة تحت الحمراء والمطيافية بالرنين المغناطيسي النووي ، وكانت جميع الإشارات الطيفية للبوليمرات متوافقة بشكل جيد مع التركيب الكيميائي للبوليمرات. كذلك تم دراسة التحلل الضوئي للمستحلبات المستخدمة وقد وجد انها تمتاز بتفكك عالي ولها القدرة على خفض التوترات السطحية كذلك تم قياس الاستقرارية الحرارية للمركبات المحضرة .
Rupture Mode Preferences of Crustal Earthquakes in Japan
Authors: Shibata Ritsuya , Aso Naofumi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Rupture propagation is controlled by the energy balance between the energy release rate and the fracture energy, which varies according to the rupture mode. Although previous studies have primarily investigated rupture modes for entire ruptures, this study focuses on the rupture mode during rupture propagation at each spatiotemporal point. Specifically, we introduced an approach to evaluate the rupture propagation direction and compared it with the slip direction. Consequently, various distributions of the spatiotemporal rupture modes were obtained. Via stochastic analysis using this approach, we confirmed that rupture propagation exhibited slight directional preference regarding the rupture mode, which is expected from the framework of fracture mechanics. In contrast, we found that fault roughness, such as bending near the hypocenter, can function as a barrier. Additionally, there is a case where a large stress drop by a previous earthquake inhibited the rupture propagation. This new approach to evaluate the rupture propagation direction can quantitatively represent these effects of rupture attenuation during source processes.