bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive Factors Related to the Waste Collection Behavior in Kerman City based on the Health Belief Model
Authors: Mazloomy Mahmoodabad Seyed Saeed , Movahed Ehsan , Ameri Mahboobeh , Agh Atabay Rabea , Jadgal Kheir Mohamad , Alizadeh Somayeh , Moradali  Zarepour Moradali , Hashemian Seyede Nafiseh 
Published: January 2019

Introduction: Collection, secretion, and burial of waste products by scientific and economic methods are from the main problems with regard to hygiene and environment. Evaluation of the current situation and the ways that individuals, families, and industrial managers deal with this issue are basic steps towards applying the right methods in this regard. This study was carried out to predict the effective factors on the waste collection behavior in Kerman using the health belie model.
Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted in Kerman city in 2015. The stratified random sampling method was conducted and 400 general practitioners were selected. A researcher-made questionnaire based on the Health Belief Model was applied. The validity and reliability of this questionnaire were confirmed. Data collected using descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation coefficient, and the Kruskal-Wallis test were analyzed by SPSS version 16.
Results: The results showed that the mean age of participants was 28.12 ± 1.06 years. The benefits, severity, and perceived sensitivity had the highest means, respectively. No significant relationship was found among individuals' education, awareness, and perceived sensitivity. Considering the variables of perceived barriers, benefits, and severity, the significant level was less than 0.05. Two-thirds of the participations introduced "home" as the best place to conduct the desired behavior.
Conclusion: Perceived benefits, severity, and sensitivity were identified as the best predictors of waste collection behavior. So, in order to improve the behavior, we recommend planning based on the health belief model with an emphasis on the reduction of barriers and increase of the perceived benefits and severity.
The Relative Frequency of Bacterial Colonization on the Surfaces of Toys in Kindergartens of Yazd
Authors: Mahmodabadi Tahereh Zarei , Shiranian Mahbobeh , Hekmatimoghaddan Seyedhossein , Ehrampoush Mohamad Hassan , Shamsi Farimah 
Published: January 2019

Introduction: Kindergartens are the first social environments where children are directly exposed to possible contaminations from other children. Factors such as having uncontrolled urination, putting hand, toys, and different objects into the mouth, and sharing objects with other children facilitate the spread of bacteria. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of bacterial contamination of toys in kindergartens of Yazd city, Iran.
Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 324 samples of toys made of either cloth, wood, or plastic were collected from kindergartens at three regions of Yazd, Iran. The swab samples obtained from toys' surface were cultured directly on the bacteriologic culture media blood agar and eosin methylene blue. Specific culture medium with biochemical tests and diagnostic disks were used to determine the genus and species of bacteria. Chi-square test was run for statistical analysis of data. The p value of < 0.05 was considered as the level of significant difference.
Results: The most common bacterial colonization of toys found in the kindergartens was Staphylococcus epidermidis (48.3%). Toys made from cloth (with 3914 CFU/cm2) and the municipality region 3 (with 4645 CFU/cm2) showed the highest amount of contamination among the toy materials and different regions, respectively.
Conclusion: Assessment of common contaminations in kindergartens may help the authorities to determine the possible causes of pediatric infections and provide them with a more comprehensive knowledge about the personal as well as environmental hygiene. So, by identification of these contaminations, we can modify the underlying factors, reduce the pollutions, and improve the health of children.
Evaluation of Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasmosis in HIV + patients referring to the Treatment Centers of Yazd in 2014
Authors: Mousavi Seyed Alireza , Sajadi Golmehrsadat , Ayatollahi Jamshid , Vakili Mahmood , Shahcheraghi Seyed Hossein 
Published: January 2019

Introduction: Considering the increasing rate of HIV virus in human societies and given the immune deficiency in HIV positive people, the prevalence of infections such as toxoplasmosis has been higher among these patients. In other words, in the case of not treating this infection, it can be fatal. Furthermore, due to favorable conditions provided for the parasite in these hosts, the presence of species resistant to treatment or with pathogenesis is more probable. This risk threatens the entire community. So, the aim of this study was to evaluate seroepidemiology of toxoplasmosis in HIV positive patients, who referred to the Treatment Centers of Yazd in 2014
Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 84 patients with HIV in behavioral health counseling centers in Yazd. In this study, IgG antibodies were measured by ELISA and CD4 cell counts methods using the flow-cytometry for all patients. Chi-square test was run to evaluate the relationship between the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in terms of independent variables at a significance level of 5 percent.
Results: We found that 4.52 percent of patients had positive IgG results. No significant difference was observed in the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in the studied patients and variables, such as gender, age, drug addiction, and income (p-value > 0.05). Considering the transfer of the disease, results of this study showed that 3 cases (3.6%), 20 cases (23.8%), and 57 cases (67.9%) of the disease transmitted from mother to child, spouse, and the person him/her-self, which included 95.3 percent. The disease transmission method was not determined in other four patients.
Conclusion:High risk groups of society, especially people with intravenous addiction and high-risk sexual contacts should be informed and screened about the risk factors of contamination with HIV. In this regard, logical and practical planning, educational programs, and treatment measures are required to reduce the high-risk behaviors among this group.
Áreas do conhecimento em que as universidades do Sul do Brasil possuem patentes concedidas
Authors: Stefani Cativelli Adriana , Barbosa Vianna William , Pinto Adilson Luiz 
Published: January 2019

O estudo tem como objetivo geral analisar as patentes concedidas nas universidades públicas do Sul do Brasil no que se refere às áreas do conhecimento – de onde provêm, e em quais áreas elas são classificadas de acordo com a Classificação Internacional de Patentes - e como objetivos específicos mapear as universidades públicas do Sul do país e suas patentes; identificar as áreas da Classificação Internacional de Patentes e as áreas do conhecimento do Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, às quais as patentes pertencem; e estabelecer relação de contribuição que cada área do conhecimento do Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico realiza em cada área da Classificação Internacional de Patentes. O levantamento das patentes foi realizado na base de dados do Instituto Nacional da Propriedade Industrial. De posse do número da classificação, realizou-se o cruzamento com as áreas do conhecimento da tabela do Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico. Os resultados reuniram 11 universidades públicas que apresentaram 68 patentes concedidas. A seção da Classificação Internacional de Patentes que apresentou maior número de concessões de patentes foi a “C - Química; Metalurgia”, com 25 registros. As áreas de conhecimento do Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico que publicaram na seção foram: Bioquímica, Engenharia Civil, Engenharia de Materiais e Metalúrgica, Engenharia Química, Engenharia Sanitária e Química. A grande área "Engenharias" foi a que obteve o maior volume de patentes, totalizando 24. A formação dos inventores mais produtivos, que pertencem à Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, concentrou-se na área de Química.
O produtivismo acadêmico na vida dos discentes de pós-graduação
Authors: Estácio Letícia Silvana dos Santos , Andrade Wemylinn Giovana Florencio , Kern Vinícius Medina , Cunha Cristiano Jose Castro de Almeida 
Published: January 2019

O produtivismo acadêmico é um fenômeno caracterizado pela excessiva valorização da quantidade e pela escassa consideração da qualidade da produção acadêmica. O objetivo deste artigo é compreender a influência do produtivismo acadêmico na vida dos discentes de um curso de pós-graduação a partir de suas percepções. O estudo utilizou o método qualitativo fundamentado na entrevista em profundidade e na análise temática dos dados. Foram entrevistados dez discentes. Os discentes consideram o produtivismo acadêmico tanto positivo quanto negativo. Do ponto de vista positivo, argumentam que a cobrança por produzir contribui no processo de construção do conhecimento, e do lado negativo, que a pressão para publicar em quantidade exige intensa dedicação, gerando, em muitos casos, problemas psicológicos, emocionais e físicos.
Evaluation of the effect of oral taurine supplementation on levels of fibroblast growth factors, β-Klotho co-receptor, some biochemical indices and body composition in obese women on a weight-loss diet: a study protocol for a double-blind randomized controlled trial
Authors: Haidari Fatemeh , Asadi Maryam , Mohammadi-asl Javad , Ahmadi-angali Kambiz 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background: According to studies, the function of FGFs are disturbed in obesity. So that, serum level of FGFs are correlated with insulin resistance and obesity. Besides the effects of eicosapentaenoic acid on serum FGF21 concentrations, the effect of other nutrients on FGFs is not clear. Since obesity as an important health problem is rising in the world and on the other side, taurine (Tau) biosynthesis is reduced by adipose tissue-derived factors in obesity, the effects of Tau and a weight loss diet on obesity need to be investigated further.
Methods: We will conduct a 2 month’s double-blind, parallel-group, randomized controlled clinical trial to investigate the effect of Tau supplementation on serum levels of fibroblast growth factors, β-Klotho co-receptor, some biochemical indices and body composition in obese women on a weight-loss diet.
Discussion: We will determine the other advantages of a weight loss diet on metabolic risk factors. Moreover, for the first time, the effects of a weight loss diet along with Tau supplementation on these variables will be assessed.
Trial Registration: Iran clinical trials registry, IRCT20131125015542N2. Registered on Nov 11, 2018.
Keywords: Taurine supplementation, weight loss diet, fibroblast growth factors, obesity.
Descemet’s Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty for Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome: A Case Series
Authors: Tase Saho , Shimizu Toshiki , Hayashi Takahiko , Tabuchi Hitoshi , Niimi Koji , Mizuki Nobuhisa , Kato Naoko 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
BacKground: To evaluate the clinical outcomes and features of Descemet’s membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) for eyes with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX).
Methods: In this retrospective study, 37 DMEK cases were reviewed from available medical records. Patients who exhibited endothelial dysfunction derived from PEX or Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) and successfully underwent cataract surgery about four weeks before DMEK were enrolled. The best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), central corneal thickness (CCT), endothelial cell density (ECD), and incidence of intra-operative/post-operative complications of DMEK were analyzed.
Results: This study included 14 eyes of 14 patients (PEX: n=6, FECD: n=8). There was no primary graft failure. In the PEX group, BSCVA improved from 0.67 ± 0.28 at the preoperative point to 0.43 ± 0.14 at 1 month, 0.27 ± 0.10 at 3 months, and 0.19 ± 0.08 at 6 months after DMEK. The donor corneal ECD was 2,704 ± 225 cells/mm2 at the preoperative point and decreased to 1,691 ± 498 cells/mm2 at 1 month, 1,425 ± 366 cells/mm2 at 3 months, and 1,281 ± 340 cells/mm2 (52.7 ± 11.7% less than ECD of the donor graft) at 6 months after DMEK. None of the patients required rebubbling. When compared with the FECD group, no statistical difference was observed in CCT (p=0.821); BSCVA (p=0.001) and the reduction rate of ECD (p=0.010) were relatively worse.
Conclusions: DMEK is effective for the treatment of endothelial dysfunction due to PEX.
Keywords: Descemet’s membrane endothelial keratoplasty, pseudoexfoliation syndrome, bullous keratopathy, endothelial keratoplasty
Oxidative Stress, Ocular Disease and Diabetes Retinopathy
Authors: Tangvarasittichai Orathai , Tangvarasittichai Surapon 
Published: January 2019

Background:
Oxidative stress is caused by free radicals or oxidant productions, including lipid peroxidation,
protein modification, DNA damage and apoptosis or cell death and results in cellular degeneration and
neurodegeneration from damage to macromolecules.

Results:
Accumulation of the DNA damage (8HOdG) products and the end products of LPO (including aldehyde,
diene, triene conjugates and Schiff’s bases) were noted in the research studies. Significantly higher levels of these
products in comparison with the controls were observed. Oxidative stress induced changes to ocular cells and
tissues. Typical changes include ECM accumulation, cell dysfunction, cell death, advanced senescence, disarrangement
or rearrangement of the cytoskeleton and released inflammatory cytokines. It is involved in ocular
diseases, including keratoconus, Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy, and granular corneal dystrophy type 2,
cataract, age-related macular degeneration, primary open-angle glaucoma, retinal light damage, and retinopathy of
prematurity. These ocular diseases are the cause of irreversible blindness worldwide.

Conclusions:
Oxidative stress, inflammation and autophagy are implicated in biochemical and morphological
changes in these ocular tissues. The development of therapy is a major target for the management care of these
ocular diseases.
Effects of CYP2C8 and SLCO1B1 Genetic Polymorphisms on Repaglinide Pharmacokinetics: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhou Shuang , Xiang Qian , Mu Guangyan , Ma Lingyue , Chen Shuqing , Xie Qiufen , Zhang Zhuo , Cui Yimin 
Published: January 2019

Objective:
The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to summarize the potential impact
of CYP2C8 and SLCO1B1 genetic polymorphisms on repaglinide pharmacokinetics.

Methods:
A systematic search was conducted using electronic databases. Eligible studies reported data from pharmacokinetic
evaluations of repaglinide in healthy adults according to different categories of CYP2C8 and SLCO1B1
genetic polymorphisms.

Results:
Six studies including a total of 191 participants met the inclusion criteria. We noted that CYP2C8 *1/*3 carriers exhibited lower AUC(0-∞) (SMD: -0.77; 95%CI: -1.23 to -0.30; P=0.001) and Cmax (SMD: -0.94; 95%CI: - 1.41 to -0.47; P<0.001) than CYP2C8 *1/*1 carriers. There were no significant differences in AUC(0-∞), Cmax, t1/2 and mean change in blood glucose concentration between *1/*4 and *1/*1 carriers. Further, *3/*3 carriers had lower Cmax (SMD: -1.42; 95%CI: -2.66 to -0.17; P=0.026) than *1/*1 carriers. Additionally, *3/*3 carriers had lower Cmax than *1/*3 carriers (SMD: -1.20; 95%CI: -2.40 to -0.00; P=0.050). Finally, we noted that repaglinide pharmacokinetics did not differ by SLCO1B1 genotype.

Conclusion:
The current systematic review and meta-analysis indicated that the genotype of CYP2C8, but not
SLCO1B1, may affect repaglinide pharmacokinetics. However, because of the comparatively insufficient number of
published studies included, our conclusions require support from additional studies.
Scaphoid Motion of the Wrist with Scapho-trapezio-trapezoidal Osteoarthritis-A Pilot Study
Authors: Wollstein Ronit , Moritomo Hisao , Akio Iida , Omokawa Shohei 
Published: January 2019

Background:
The purpose of this study was to investigate scaphoid motion within the
scapho-trapezio-trapezoidal (STT) joint during wrist motion in the presence of STT joint osteoarthritis
(OA).

Methods:
We studied 11 wrists with STT OA and 5 normal wrists. Computed tomography (CT)
images were acquired in five wrist positions (maximum active flexion, extension, radial deviation,
ulnar deviation, and neutral position). The 3-dimensional surface models of the radius and scaphoid
were constructed and the motion of scaphoid relative to the radius was calculated.

Results and Conclusion:
During wrist flexion/extension motion, the scaphoid rotated mostly in
the flexion/extension plane. The angle tended to be smaller in STT OA than in normal. During
wrist radioulnar deviation, the scaphoid was in an extended position in neutral wrist in STT OA.
The motion of scaphoid in STT OA was divided into two types: a rigid type and mobile type. The
mobile type rotated closer to the flexion/extension plane than the rigid type. Taking into account
scaphoid motion during wrist movement before surgery may provide better results in the treatment
of STT OA.
Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Immunotherapy for Tumor: A Review of Patent Literatures
Authors: Fu Manxue , Tang Liling 
Published: January 2019

Background: Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cell immunotherapy, as an innovative method for tumor immunotherapy, acquires unprecedented clinical outcomes. Genetic modification not only provides T cells with the antigen-binding function but also endows T cells with better immunological functions both in solid and hematological cancer. However, the CAR T cell therapy is not perfect because of several reasons, such as tumor immune microenvironment, and autologous limiting factors of CAR T cells. Moreover, the safety of CAR T cells should be improved.Objective:Recently many patents and publications have reported the importance of CAR T cell immunotherapy. Based on the patents about CAR T cell immunotherapy, we conclude some methods for designing the CAR which can provide information to readers.Methods:In this review, we collect recent patents and publications, summarize some specific antigens for oncotherapy from patents and enumerate some approaches to conquering immunosuppression and reinforcing the immune response of CAR T cells. We also sum up some strategies for improving the safety of CAR T cell immunotherapy.Results:CAR T cell immunotherapy as a neotype cellular immunotherapy has been proved effective in oncotherapy and authorized by FDA. Improvements in CAR designing enhance functions of CAR T cells.Conclusion:This review, summarizing antigens and approaches to overcome defects of CAR T cell immunotherapy from patents and publications, might contribute to a broad readership.
Anemia in Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcer: Effects on Diabetic Microvascular Complications and Related Conditions
Authors: Olgun Mehtap E. , Altuntaş Seher Ç. , Sert Murat , Tetiker Tamer 
Published: January 2019

Objective:
We aimed to investigate the etiology and prevalence of anemia in patients with
diabetic foot ulcers and the relationship between both microvascular complications and related
conditions and anemia.

Methods:
We retrospectively collected and evaluated the data of 225 patients with diabetic foot ulcer
followed at our clinic. The demographic characteristics of the patients were analyzed. Complete blood
count for those with anemia, serum iron, iron-binding capacity, ferritin, transferrin saturation index,
vitamin B12, folic acid and thin blood film were performed. The diabetic microvascular complications
and related conditions such as osteomyelitis, peripheral artery disease, and amputations were also determined.
IBM SPSS Statistics Version 20.0 package software was used for the statistical analysis of
the data.

Results:
Of 225 patients were 67 (29%) female and 158 (70.2%) male. The mean age of the patients
was 62 ± 10.5 years (30-87). Duration of diabetes was 16.2 ± 6.7 years (2-31). Of the 225 patients, 41
had hypertension, 14 had chronic kidney failure, and 34 had coronary artery disease. Anemia was
found in 192 (85.3%) of the 225 patients. Of 192, 126 (56%) had iron deficiency anemia, 50 had folate-
deficiency anemia, and the remaining 16 had anemia of chronic disease. Iron deficiency anemia
was significantly found to be higher in women. There was no significant difference between patients
with and without anemia in terms of diabetic microvascular complications (neuropathy, retinopathy,
nephropathy) and the related conditions.

Conclusion:
We have found that the most common cause of anemia was iron deficiency anemia.
However, in our study, the prevalences of microvascular complications did not vary between patients
with and without anemia. On the other hand, since all of our patients are having DFU and the high
rates of microvascular complications and correlation with the presence of anemia could not be clearly
portrayed.
Gelatin tannate versus other antidiarrheal medication in children with acute gastroenteritis: a retrospective, observational study
Authors: Serban Elena D , Manolache Mihai 
Published: January 2019

Aim:To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of gelatin tannate (GT) for acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in children.Materials & methods:In this retrospective, observational study, children admitted for AGE received GT ± oral rehydration solution (ORS; n = 46) or other antidiarrheal medications ± ORS (n = 46). Number and consistency of stools were recorded.Results:Children were aged 6 months to 7.9 years. GT ± ORS reduced diarrhea duration (29.0 vs 45.4 h, p < 0.0001) and normalized stool consistency at 72 h in significantly more patients (87.0 vs 30.4%; p = 0.026) compared with other antidiarrheal medications ± ORS. Differences in favor of GT were apparent from 12 h onward.Conclusion: GT is more effective than conventional treatment for managing AGE in children.
PENGGUNAAN TZ SEBAGAI ANTI PRAKOAGULASI LATEKS PADA PROSES PEMBUATAN RSS DENGAN PENGGUMPAL ASAM FORMAT
Authors: Prastanto Henry 
Published: January 2019

Ribbed Smoked Sheet (RSS) adalah salah satu produk karet mentah berupa lembaran yang diproses dari lateks kebun dengan disertai pengasapan. Amonia biasa digunakan sebagai pengawet lateks agar tidak terjadi prakoagulasi sebelum dibuat RSS. Amonia mempunyai sifat basa sehingga berdampak pada penggunaan bahan penggumpal asam format dalam jumlah yang lebih banyak. Pengurangan jumlah bahan penggumpal perlu diteliti lagi dengan menggunakan pengawet sekunder yang tidak menaikkan pH yaitu Tetramethyl thiuram disulfide – zinc oxide (TZ). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengurangi penggunaan amonia dengan penambahan pengawet sekunder TZ. Efektifitas penggunaan pengawet sekunder dievaluasi dari keawetan lateks, konsumsi bahan penggumpal dan karakteristik air limbah yang dihasilkan. Percobaan pengawetan lateks dilakukan pada skala laboratorium dengan konsentrasi amonia 0,05% dan memvariasikan dosis TZ 0,01; 0,02; 0,03; 0,04; 0,05% v/v. Sebagai pembanding lateks diawetkan dengan amonia saja dengan konsentrasi 0,1%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa dosis pengawet ammonia 0,05% dikombinasikan dengan TZ 0,03% adalah dosis yang optimum. Pada konsentrasi tersebut, lateks mengalami prakoagulasi setelah 17 jam. Konsumsi penggumpal asam format berkurang 24,41%. Karakteristik limbah cair pengolahan RSS berpengawet TZ 0,03% + NH3 0,05% adalah : BOD turun 7,9%; COD turun 21,5%; TSS turun 18%; pH 5,2; N-amonia turun 34,5%; N-total turun 12,5%; dan logam Zn naik 120%.