bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atrial fibrillation ablation using cryoballoon technology: Recent advances and practical techniques
Authors: Chen Shaojie , Schmidt Boris , Bordignon Stefano , Bologna Fabrizio , Perrotta Laura , Nagase Takahiko , Chun K. R. Julian 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAtrial fibrillation (AF) affects 1–2% of the population, and its prevalence is estimated to double in the next 50 years as the population ages. AF results in impaired patients’ life quality, deteriorated cardiac function, and even increased mortality. Antiarrhythmic drugs frequently fail to restore sinus rhythm. Catheter ablation is a valuable treatment approach for AF, even as a first‐line therapy strategy in selected patients. Effective electrical pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is the cornerstone of all AF ablation strategies. Use of radiofrequency (RF) catheter in combination of a three‐dimensional electroanatomical mapping system is the most established ablation approach. However, catheter ablation of AF is challenging even sometimes for experienced operators. To facilitate catheter ablation of AF without compromising the durability of the pulmonary vein isolation, “single shot” ablation devices have been developed; of them, cryoballoon ablation, is by far the most widely investigated. In this report, we review the current knowledge of AF and discuss the recent evidence in catheter ablation of AF, particularly cryoballoon ablation. Moreover, we review relevant data from the literature as well as our own experience and summarize the key procedural practical techniques in PVI using cryoballoon technology, aiming to shorten the learning curve of the ablation technique and to contribute further to reduction of the disease burden.
Police contacts, arrests and decreasing self‐control and personal responsibility among female adolescents
Authors: Hipwell Alison E. , Beeney Joseph , Ye Feifei , Gebreselassie Sabrina H. , Stalter Madeline R. , Ganesh Dyuti , Keenan Kate , Stepp Stephanie D. 
Published: April 2018

BackgroundFemale involvement in the juvenile justice system (JJS) has increased rapidly in recent years. Although deficits in self‐control and responsibility are associated with delinquency and higher rates of police contacts and arrests, much of this research has focused on males and/or selected samples of youth who already have a history of JJS involvement. Furthermore, little is known about the extent to which police contacts and arrests may disrupt normative psychosocial maturation.MethodsPolice contacts, arrests, levels of self‐control and personal responsibility were assessed annually between 12 and 17 years in a population‐based sample of 2,450 adolescent females. Fixed‐effects regression models, which control for stable individual characteristics, were used to examine whether within‐adolescent changes in self‐control, and responsibility were associated concurrently and prospectively with police contacts and arrests, and vice versa.ResultsAcross adolescence, 5%–12% participants reported police contacts and 1%–4% were arrested. After adjusting for covariates, within‐person increases in self‐control and responsibility were associated concurrently with decreased odds of police contact. Increasing responsibility also predicted lower likelihood of police contact in the following year. When testing reverse causation, results showed that police contact predicted next year decreases in personal responsibility, and that being arrested predicted decreasing levels of self‐control and responsibility in the following year.ConclusionsThe study shows more clearly than previous work that increasing levels of responsibility precede decreased police contact in nonselected adolescent females, and that contacts with the justice system during adolescence may delay or undermine normative psychosocial maturation, highlighting important targets for intervention.
Characterization of the Catalytic Subunits of the RNA Exosome‐like Complex in Plasmodium falciparum
Authors: Jiang Ning , Yu Shengchao , Yang Na , Feng Ying , Sang Xiaoyu , Wang Yao , Wahlgren Mats , Chen Qijun 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe eukaryotic ribonucleic acid (RNA) exosome is a versatile multiribonuclease complex that mediates the processing, surveillance, and degradation of virtually all classes of RNA in both the nucleus and cytoplasm. The complex, composed of 10 to 11 subunits, has been widely described in many organisms. Bioinformatic analyses revealed that there may be also an exosome‐like complex in Plasmodium falciparum, a parasite of great importance in public health, with eight predicted subunits having high sequence similarity to their counterparts in yeast and human. In this work, the putative RNA catalytic components, designated as PfRrp4, PfRrp41, PfDis3, and PfRrp6, were identified and systematically analyzed. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) analyses suggested that all of them were transcribed steadily throughout the asexual stage. The expression of these proteins was determined by Western blot, and their localization narrowed to the cytoplasm of the parasite by indirect immunofluorescence. The recombinant proteins of PfRrp41, PfDis3, and PfRrp6 exhibited catalytic activity for single‐stranded RNA (ssRNA), whereas PfRrp4 showed no processing activity of both ssRNA and dsRNA. The identification of these putative components of the RNA exosome complex opens up new perspectives for a deep understanding of RNA metabolism in the malarial parasite P. falciparum.
Multisource fingerprinting for region identification of walnuts in Xinjiang combined with chemometrics
Authors: Gu Xinzhe , Zhang Li , Li Liting , Ma Nan , Tu Kang , Song Lijun , Pan Leiqing 
Published: April 2018

AbstractMultiple techniques were employed to extract characteristic fingerprint information of walnuts from the different regions of Xinjiang. Analysis was conducted using near‐ and mid‐infrared spectroscopy, fatty acid and element data to establish geographic classification models of walnuts combined with chemometrics. The least squares discriminant analysis (PLSDA) model had a classification accuracy result of 98.8–100% for walnut samples from different geographical origins by NIR spectra. For the same variety of samples, PLSDA model also had high classification accuracy of 91–100% by MIR spectra. However, variance analysis showed that single element or fatty acid could not be differentiated between the three geographical origins of walnuts. In addition, the back propagation neural network classification model was used to analyze the elements found in the walnut specimens provided results with a mean accuracy of 89.7% for validation. This work demonstrated an acceptable feasibility of using multisource fingerprinting for differentiating regional and characteristic agriculture product to prevent frauds.Practical applicationsCurrently, there is no effective, simple and rapid technology to prevent frauds of walnuts in Xinjiang occurring in the market, especially walnuts with adulteration or which has been counterfeited. Hence, in this research, we provided a feasible method to differentiate the walnut from different regions based on multiple fingerprinting and geographic traceability techniques, which could be applied to prevent frauds of walnuts occurring in the market in the future.
Beyond market dependence: The origins of capitalism in Catalonia
Authors: Moreno Zacarés Javier 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBuried in the footnotes of his famous 1976 essay, Robert Brenner left the remark that Catalonia had experienced an agrarian transition to capitalism in parallel to England. This important claim has been completely forgotten by his followers of the political Marxist tradition, who since then have developed his views on the origins of capitalism. Building on the specialist literature, this article revisits the question of the Catalan transition through the prism of political Marxism and teases out its implications. In particular, it argues that the Catalan case illustrates the centrality of agency and subjectivity in the process of capitalist change. Contrary to Brenner's claim, this paper will argue that pre‐capitalist social property relations persisted in agriculture throughout the period of transition. Instead, the region's capitalist breakthrough was prompted by sociocultural struggles in its 18th‐century proto‐industry.
Cerebrospinal fluid markers of extracellular matrix remodelling, synaptic plasticity and neuroinflammation before and after cranial radiotherapy
Authors: Fernström E. , Minta K. , Andreasson U. , Sandelius Å. , Wasling P. , Brinkmalm A. , Höglund K. , Blennow K. , Nyman J. , Zetterberg H. , Kalm M. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBackgroundAdvances in the treatment of brain tumours have increased the number of long‐term survivors, but at the cost of side effects following cranial radiotherapy ranging from neurocognitive deficits to outright tissue necrosis. At present, there are no tools reflecting the molecular mechanisms underlying such side effects, and thus no means to evaluate interventional effects after cranial radiotherapy. Therefore, fluid biomarkers are of great clinical interest.ObjectiveCerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of proteins involved in inflammatory signalling, synaptic plasticity and extracellular matrix (ECM) integrity were investigated following radiotherapy to the brain.MethodsPatients with small‐cell lung cancer (SCLC) eligible for prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) were asked to participate in the study. PCI was prescribed either as 2 Gy/fraction to a total dose of 30 Gy (limited disease) or 4 Gy/fraction to 20 Gy (extensive disease). CSF was collected by lumbar puncture at baseline, 3 months and 1 year following PCI. Protein concentrations were measured using immunobased assays or mass spectrometry.ResultsThe inflammatory markers IL‐15, IL‐16 and MCP‐1/CCL2 were elevated in CSF 3 months following PCI compared to baseline. The plasticity marker GAP‐43 was elevated 3 months following PCI, and the same trend was seen for SNAP‐25, but not for SYT1. The investigated ECM proteins, brevican and neurocan, showed a decline following PCI. There was a strong correlation between the progressive decline of soluble APPα and brevican levels.ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first time ECM‐related proteins have been shown to be affected by cranial radiotherapy in patients with cancer. These findings may help us to get a better understanding of the mechanisms behind side effects following radiotherapy.
A Process Perspective on Organizational Failure: A Qualitative Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Habersang Stefanie , Küberling‐Jost Jill , Reihlen Markus , Seckler Christoph 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAn important stream of the organizational failure literature has proposed process models to describe how firms fail. Despite much progress, this stream is currently at a crossroads. Previous process models try to capture how failure unfolds in singular models that describe organizational failure as the result of either inertia or extremism or as a mixture of both. However, it remains unclear how these competing explanations are related and what underlying mechanisms explain why organizational failure processes unfold as they do. We address these issues by examining failure processes using a qualitative meta‐analysis research design. The qualitative meta‐analysis allows us to analyse and synthesize the wealth of previously published single‐case studies in order to develop process models of organizational failure. The most salient finding of our analysis is that failure processes converge around four distinct process archetypes, which we name imperialist, laggard, villain, and politicized. Each process archetype can be explained by the interplay of distinct rigidity and conflict mechanisms. Differentiating the four process archetypes and explaining the underlying mechanisms helps to resolve some contradictions in the previous failure process literature.
Comparison of wear between occlusal splint materials and resin composite materials
Authors: Reyes‐Sevilla M. , Kuijs R. H. , Werner A. , Kleverlaan C. J. , Lobbezoo F. 
Published: April 2018

SummaryTooth wear in bruxing patients often results in a need for treatment with composite restorations. In some cases, bruxing patients receive an occlusal splint as a protective means as well. However, the wear between these opposing materials has not been investigated yet. The aim of this in vitro study was to assess the wear of different splint materials against resin composite materials. A two‐body wear test was conducted using the ACTA wear machine. The materials selected for this study were three composites used for direct restorations (Filtek Z250, CLEARFIL AP‐X, and Filtek Supreme XT) and four occlusal splints materials, viz. a polyamide resin (ThermoSens) an conventional (hand‐processed), milled and printed polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). As antagonistic materials, stainless steel, Filtek Supreme XT and CLEARFIL AP‐X were used. The wear rate of the seven materials was determined after 200 000 cycles, using a profilometry. The rates were analysed using two‐way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey's tests. The wear rates were significantly higher for the conventional and milled PMMA materials than for all other materials (P < .001). The wear rates of printed PMMA and the polyamide resin were comparable to composite wear rates. The antagonist materials have minor or no influence on the amount of wear of the various splint materials (P < .001). In conclusion, different splint materials yielded different wear rates for all antagonist materials tested. Keeping in mind that this study is an experimental in vitro study, this finding enables practitioners to choose the splint material necessary according to their patients’ needs.
Expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress protein in rabbit condyle cartilage following anterior disk displacement
Authors: Xu Ting , Gu Zhiyuan , Wu Huiling , Yao Hua , Wang Guohua 
Published: April 2018

ObjectiveAnterior disk displacement (ADD) is a most common subtype of temporomandibular disorders (TMD), which is promoted by chondrocytes apoptosis. However, the signaling pathways that trigger apoptosis are still unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress‐related proteins in the condylar cartilage of rabbits following ADD.MethodsSixty healthy adult rabbits were randomly assigned to the experimental and sham‐operated control groups (n = 12). The experimental rabbits were subjected to surgical ADD in the right temporomandibular joints. The production of ER stress‐related proteins C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), glucose‐regulated protein 78 (GRP78), cleaved caspase‐3, and caspase‐12 in cartilage was evaluated by immunohistochemistry, quantitative real‐time PCR, and Western blot analysis.ResultsOur results showed that the expression of CHOP, GRP78, cleaved caspase‐3, and caspase‐12 increased significantly along with degenerative changes in cartilage after ADD.ConclusionThese results indicate that the ER stress pathway is activated in ADD cartilage and might promote the development of TMD.
Prosthodontic Complications of Metal‐Ceramic and All‐Ceramic, Complete‐Arch Fixed Implant Prostheses with Minimum 5 Years Mean Follow‐Up Period. A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Wong Chi Kin Kenneth , Narvekar Unnati , Petridis Haralampos 
Published: April 2018

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to review and analyze the prosthodontic complications, survival, and success of metal‐ceramic (MC) and all‐ceramic (AC) complete‐arch fixed implant dental prostheses (CFIDPs) with a minimum mean follow‐up period of 5 years.MethodsA structured literature search was conducted using 3 electronic databases (MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science) for clinical studies reporting on prosthodontic complications of metal‐ceramic and/or all‐ceramic CFIDPs published between 2000 and 2016. This was complemented with hand searching in relevant journals, references, as well as searching in grey literature. Risk of bias analysis for randomized controlled trials was done following the recommendations from the Cochrane Collaboration. Quality appraisal for nonrandomized studies was executed according to the Newcastle‐Ottawa scale (NOS). The final selection included only studies with a minimum mean follow‐up time of 5 years.ResultsThe electronic databases search yielded 1804 relevant titles and abstracts; 11 studies were finally selected (9 for MC and 2 for AC CFIDPs). Risk of bias in most selected studies was low. Heterogeneity across studies of MC CFIDPs was within acceptable range but not among AC CFIDP studies, so no meta‐analysis was performed for the latter. Regarding MC CFIDPs, most studies recorded 100% survival rate (survival range: 92.4‐100%, success range: 47‐96.7%), with veneer fracture being the most‐common complication. Five‐ and 10‐year cumulative complication rates for MC CFIDP veneer fractures were 22.1% and 39.3%, respectively, but with variable confidence intervals. The 2 studies included for AC CFIDPs reported 100% survival rates but differed in success rates, with the one using predominantly monolithic zirconia restorations reporting 90.9%, and the one using bi‐layered zirconia reporting 60.4%, with complications attributed to veneer fracture.ConclusionsMC and AC CFIDPs presented with veneer fractures as primary complication. This may require significant maintenance. Other complications were negligible after a mean follow‐up period of at least 5 years. More long‐term studies, especially on all‐ceramic CFIDPs are needed.
Developing and pilot testing a shared decision‐making intervention for dialysis choice
Authors: Finderup Jeanette , Jensen Jens K. D. , Lomborg Kirsten 
Published: April 2018

SUMMARYBackgroundEvidence is inconclusive on how best to guide the patient in decision‐making around haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis choice. International guidelines recommend involvement of the patient in the decision to choose the dialysis modality most suitable for the individual patient. Nevertheless, studies have shown lack of involvement of the patient in decision‐making.ObjectivesTo develop and pilot test an intervention for shared decision‐making targeting the choice of dialysis modality.MethodsThis study reflects the first two phases of a complex intervention design: phase 1, the development process and phase 2, feasibility and piloting. Because decision aids were a part of the intervention, the International Patient Decision Aid Standards were considered. The pilot test included both the intervention and the feasibility of the validated shared decision‐making questionnaire (SDM Q9) and the Decision Quality Measure (DQM) applied to evaluate the intervention.ResultsA total of 137 patients tested the intervention. After the intervention, 80% of the patients chose dialysis at home reflecting an increase of 23% in starting dialysis at home prior to the study. The SDM Q9 showed the majority of the patients experienced this intervention as shared decision‐making.ConclusionAn intervention based on shared decision‐making supported by decision aids seemed to increase the number of patients choosing home dialysis. The SDM Q9 and DQM were feasible evaluation tools. Further research is needed to gain insight into the patients' experiences of involvement and the implications for their choice of dialysis modality.
Training Psychologists for Rural Practice: Exploring Opportunities and Constraints
Authors: Domino Marisa Elena , Lin Ching‐Ching Claire , Morrissey Joseph P. , Ellis Alan R. , Fraher Erin , Richman Erica L. , Thomas Kathleen C. , Prinstein Mitchell J. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractPurposeTo examine trends in the psychologist workforce and training opportunities, including factors that may influence the decision of clinical psychologists to practice in rural settings.MethodsWe use a mixed‐methods approach to examine the psychologist workforce nationally and in North Carolina (NC), including (1) an analysis of the location of programs awarding doctoral degrees; (2) an analysis of the practice, demographic, and educational characteristics of the psychologist workforce; and (3) interviews with directors of doctoral programs in clinical psychology to understand where current graduates are getting jobs and why they may or may not be choosing to practice in rural communities.FindingsFewer than 1% of programs and institutions awarding doctoral degrees in psychology in the United States are located in rural areas. In NC, approximately 80% of practicing psychologists have out‐of‐state degrees and about 80% of recent NC graduates are not currently licensed in the state. This juxtaposition undermines the utility of adding more in‐state degree programs. While expansion of training programs within rural areas could help alleviate the shortages of mental health providers, adding new degree‐granting programs alone will not necessarily increase supply. We discuss complementary recruitment and retention strategies, including greater incentives for rural training and practice as well as training in emerging technologies that don't require providers to be physically located in underserved areas, such as telemedicine.ConclusionsIncreasing the supply of psychologists practicing in rural areas will require a thoughtful, multipronged approach to training this critical part of the behavioral health workforce.
Trends and Patterns of Opioid Analgesic Prescribing: Regional and Rural‐Urban Variations in Kentucky From 2012 to 2015
Authors: Luu Huong , Slavova Svetla , Freeman Patricia R. , Lofwall Michelle , Browning Steven , Bush Heather 
Published: April 2018

AbstractPurposeIncreased opioid analgesic prescribing (OAP) has been associated with increased risk of prescription opioid diversion, misuse, and abuse. We studied regional and rural‐urban variations in OAP trends in Kentucky, from 2012 to 2015, and examined potential county‐level risk and protective factors.MethodsThis study used prescription drug monitoring data. Marginal models employing generalized estimating equations were used to model repeated counts of residents with opioid analgesic prescriptions within county‐quarter, 2012–2015, with offset for resident population, by rural‐urban classification exposure, and adjusting for time‐varying socioeconomic and relevant health status measures.FindingsThere were significant downward trends in rates of residents receiving dispensed opioid analgesic prescriptions, with no regional or rural/urban differences in the degree of decline over time. The adjusted models showed the Kentucky Appalachian region retained a significantly higher rate of residents with opioid analgesic prescriptions per 1,000 residents (30% higher than Central Kentucky and 19% higher than Kentucky Delta regions). Residents of nonmetropolitan not adjacent‐to‐metropolitan counties had significantly higher adjusted rates of OAP (33% higher than metropolitan counties and 17% higher compared to nonmetropolitan adjacent‐to‐metropolitan counties). The rate of OAP was significantly positively associated with emergency department visit injury rates and negatively associated with buprenorphine/naloxone prescribing rates.ConclusionsInformation on OAP trends and patterns will be used by Kentucky stakeholders to inform targeted interventions. Further research is needed to evaluate the availability and accessibility of nonopioid pain treatment in rural counties and the role of geography and time/distance traveled as risk factors for increased OAP.