bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Case‐finding in primary care for coeliac disease: Accuracy and cost‐effectiveness of a rapid point‐of‐care test
Authors: Esteve Maria , Rosinach Mercè , Llordés Montserrat , Calpe Judit , Montserrat Glòria , Pujals Mar , Cela Abel , Carrasco Anna , Ibarra Montserrat , Ruiz-Ramirez Pablo , Tristán Eva , Arau Beatriz , Ferrer Carme , Mariné Meritxell , Ribes Josepa , Fernández-Bañares Fernando 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundAn on‐site, rapid, fingertip, whole‐blood point‐of‐care test (POCT) is attractive for active case‐finding of coeliac disease (CD) in primary care because of its simplicity.AimThe aim of this article is to assess the usefulness and cost‐effectiveness of adult case‐finding using a POCT based on deamidated gliadin peptide antibodies (IgA/IgG‐DGP) in primary care for CD diagnosis.MethodsA case‐finding study for CD was conducted by using an easy‐to‐use, on‐site, whole‐blood for IgA/IgG‐DGP‐based fingertip POCT compared with tTG2 in 350 individuals. Sample size was calculated based on 0.28% prevalence in the reference population. Duodenal biopsies for histology, intraepithelial lymphocytes and in situ deposition of tTG2 were obtained if tTG2 and/or POCT were positive. Accuracy and cost‐effectiveness of strategies using serology or POCT were calculated.ResultsPrevalence of CD was 1.14% (95% CI, 0.3–3.4), almost double what was previously observed. Four patients were diagnosed with CD. tTG2 was positive in three (0.85%) and POCT in 29 (8.2%). Sensitivity of POCT for CD was 100%, specificity 93%, PPV 14%, and NPV 100%. POCT followed by duodenal biopsy was the most cost‐effective approach in our setting (standard diagnosis: €13,033/case; POCT + duodenal biopsy: €7360/case).ConclusionsA negative POCT allows ruling out CD in primary care, making it suitable for case‐finding. POCT strategy was the most cost effective.
Management of Elbow Dislocations in the National Football League
Authors: Chang Edward S. , Bishop Meghan E. , Dodson Christopher C. , Deluca Peter F. , Ciccotti Michael G. , Cohen Steven B. , Ramsey Matthew L. 
Published: February 2018

Background: Although much literature exists regarding the treatment and management of elbow dislocations in the general population, little information is available regarding management in the athletic population. Furthermore, no literature is available regarding the postinjury treatment and timing of return to play in the contact or professional athlete. Purpose: To review the clinical course of elbow dislocations in professional football players and determine the timing of return to full participation. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: All National Football League (NFL) athletes with elbow dislocations from 2000 through 2011 who returned to play during the season were identified from the NFL Injury Surveillance System (NFL ISS). Roster position, player activity, use of external bracing, and clinical course were reviewed. Mean number of days lost until full return to play was determined for players with elbow dislocations who returned in the same season. Results: From 2000 to 2011, a total of 62 elbow dislocations out of 35,324 injuries were recorded (0.17%); 40 (64.5%) dislocations occurred in defensive players, 12 (19.4%) were in offensive players; and 10 (16.1%) were during special teams play. Over half of the injuries (33/62, 53.2%) were sustained while tackling, and 4 (6.5%) patients required surgery. A total of 47 (75.8%) players who sustained this injury were able to return in the same season. For this group, the mean number of days lost in players treated conservatively (45/47) was 25.1 days (median, 23.0 days; range, 0.0-118 days), while that for players treated operatively (2/47) was 46.5 days (median, 46.5 days; range, 29-64 days). Mean return to play based on player position was 25.8 days for defensive players (n = 28; median, 21.5 days; range, 3.0-118 days), 24.1 days for offensive players (n = 11; median, 19 days; range, 2.0-59 days), and 25.6 days for special teams players (n = 8; median, 25.5 days; range, 0-44 days). Conclusion: Elbow dislocations comprise less than a half of a percent of all injuries sustained in the NFL. Most injuries occur during the act of tackling, with the majority of injured athletes playing a defensive position. Players treated nonoperatively missed a mean of 25.1 days, whereas those managed operatively missed a mean of 46.5 days.
Surgical offloading procedures for diabetic foot ulcers compared to best non‐surgical treatment: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Finestone Aharon S. , Tamir Eran , Ron Guy , Wiser Itay , Agar Gabriel 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundDiabetic foot ulcers are frequently related to elevated pressure under a bony prominence. Conservative treatment includes offloading with orthopaedic shoes and custom made orthotics or plaster casts. While casting in plaster is usually effective in achieving primary closure of foot ulcers, recurrence rates are high. Minimally invasive surgical offloading that includes correction of foot deformities has good short and long term results. The surgery alleviates the pressure under the bony prominence, thus enabling prompt ulcer healing, negating the patient's dependence on expensive shoes and orthotics, with a lower chance of recurrence. The purpose of this protocol is to compare offloading surgery (percutaneous flexor tenotomy, mini‐invasive floating metatarsal osteotomy or Keller arthroplasty) to non‐surgical treatment for patients with diabetic foot ulcers in a semi‐crossover designed RCT.MethodsOne hundred patients with diabetic neuropathy related foot ulcers (tip of toe ulcers, ulcers under metatarsal heads and ulcers under the hallux interphalangeal joint) will be randomized (2:3) to a surgical offloading procedure or best available non‐surgical treatment. Group 1 (surgery) will have surgery within 1 week. Group 2 (controls) will be prescribed an offloading cast applied for up to 12 weeks (based on clinical considerations). Following successful offloading treatment (ulcer closure with complete epithelization) patients will be prescribed orthopaedic shoes and custom made orthotics. If offloading by cast for at least 6 weeks fails, or the ulcer recurs, patients will be offered surgical offloading. Follow‐up will take place till 2 years following randomization. Outcome criteria will be time to healing of the primary ulcer (complete epithelization), time to healing of surgical wound, recurrence of ulcer, time to recurrence and complications.DiscussionThe high recurrence rate of foot ulcers and their dire consequences justify attempts to find better solutions than the non‐surgical options available at present. To promote surgery, RCT level evidence of efficacy is necessary.Trial registrationIsrael MOH_2017–08‐10_000719. NIH: NCT03414216.
APSIC guidelines for disinfection and sterilization of instruments in health care facilities
Authors: Ling Moi Lin , Ching Patricia , Widitaputra Ammar , Stewart Alison , Sirijindadirat Nanthipha , Thu Le Thi Anh 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Background
The Asia Pacific Society of Infection Control launched its revised Guidelines for Disinfection and Sterilization of Instruments in Health Care Facilities in February 2017. This document describes the guidelines and recommendations for the reprocessing of instruments in healthcare setting. It aims to highlight practical recommendations in a concise format designed to assist healthcare facilities at Asia Pacific region in achieving high standards in sterilization and disinfection.

Method
The guidelines were revised by an appointed workgroup comprising experts in the Asia Pacific region, following reviews of previously published guidelines and recommendations relevant to each section.

Results
It recommends the centralization of reprocessing, training of all staff with annual competency assessment, verification of cleaning, continual monitoring of reprocessing procedures to ensure their quality and a corporate strategy for dealing with single-use and single-patient use medical equipment/devices. Detailed recommendations are also given with respect to reprocessing of endoscopes. Close working with the Infection Prevention & Control department is also recommended where decisions related to reprocessing medical equipment/devices are to be made.

Conclusions
Sterilization facilities should aim for excellence in practices as this is part of patient safety. The guidelines that come with a checklist help service providers identify gaps for improvement to reach this goal.
In vitro activity of ivermectin against Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates
Authors: Ashraf Shoaib , Chaudhry Umer , Raza Ali , Ghosh Debasri , Zhao Xin 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Background
Ivermectin is an endectocide against many parasites. Though being a macrocyclic lactone, its activity against bacteria has been less known, possibly due to the fact that micromolar concentrations at tissue levels are required to achieve a therapeutic effect. Among pathogenic bacteria of major medical significance, Staphylococcus aureus cause a number of diseases in a wide variety of hosts including humans and animals. It has been attributed as one of the most pathogenic organisms. The emergence of methicillin resistance has made the treatment of S. aureus even more difficult as it is now resistant to most of the available antibiotics. Thus, search for alternate anti-staphylococcal agents requires immediate attention.

Methods
Twenty-one clinical isolates of S. aureus were isolated from bovine milk collected from Lahore and Faisalabad Pakistan. Different anthelmintics including levamisole, albendazole and ivermectin were tested against S. aureus to determine their minimum inhibitory concentrations. This was followed-up by growth curve analysis, spot assay and time-kill kinetics.

Results
The results showed that ivermectin but not levamisole or albendazole exhibited a potent anti-staphylococcal activity at the concentrations of 6.25 and 12.5 μg/ml against two isolates. Interestingly, one of the isolate was sensitive while the other was resistant to methicillin/cefoxitin.

Conclusions
Our novel findings indicate that ivermectin has an anti-bacterial effect against certain S. aureus isolates. However, to comprehend why ivermectin did not inhibit the growth of all Staphylococci needs further investigation. Nevertheless, we have extended the broad range of known pharmacological effects of ivermectin. As pharmacology and toxicology of ivermectin are well known, its further development as an anti-staphylococcal agent is potentially appealing.
Symbiosis in the microbial world: from ecology to genome evolution
Authors: Raina Jean-Baptiste , Eme Laura , Pollock F. Joseph , Spang Anja , Archibald John M. , Williams Tom A. 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT
The concept of symbiosis – defined in 1879 by de Bary as ‘the living together of unlike organisms’ – has a rich and convoluted history in biology. In part, because it questioned the concept of the individual, symbiosis fell largely outside mainstream science and has traditionally received less attention than other research disciplines. This is gradually changing. In nature organisms do not live in isolation but rather interact with, and are impacted by, diverse beings throughout their life histories. Symbiosis is now recognized as a central driver of evolution across the entire tree of life, including, for example, bacterial endosymbionts that provide insects with vital nutrients and the mitochondria that power our own cells. Symbioses between microbes and their multicellular hosts also underpin the ecological success of some of the most productive ecosystems on the planet, including hydrothermal vents and coral reefs. In November 2017, scientists working in fields spanning the life sciences came together at a Company of Biologists’ workshop to discuss the origin, maintenance, and long-term implications of symbiosis from the complementary perspectives of cell biology, ecology, evolution and genomics, taking into account both model and non-model organisms. Here, we provide a brief synthesis of the fruitful discussions that transpired.
Innovative Synthesis and Functions of Curved π-Conjugated Molecules
Authors: Hiroto Satoru 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Creation of novel π-conjugated molecules is an important topic. In this account, one idea for creation of π-conjugated molecules by using distorted conformation has been demonstrated. Planarization of distorted molecules enabled synthesis of heteroatom-containing porphyrin derivatives. Furthermore, dearomatization reaction proved effective to construct distorted conformations from planar π-conjugated molecules under mild reaction conditions. According to this protocol, we have succeeded in the synthesis of heteroatom-containing curved π-conjugated molecules, which have never been achieved by conventional protocols. In particular, a nitrogen embedded buckybowl is the first example of a buckybowl with a heteroatom in its central position, exhibiting unique properties due to incorporation of heteroatom with a curved π-surface.
Light and Matter Interaction in Two-Dimensional Atomically Thin Films
Authors: Ulaganathan Rajesh Kumar , Chang Yi-Hsuan , Wang Di-Yan , Li Shao-Sian 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Atomically thin two-dimensional (2D) materials have been a famous and fascinating material in recent years due to the potential to replace conventional semiconducting bulk electronic materials. To control the performance of 2D materials, many methods have been proposed, including physical and chemical ways, to manipulate the electronic, atomic and microscopic properties. In this work, we would like to present a physical method based on the interactions of 2D materials with light to influence the 2D material properties and device performance. By reviewing some recent published work, we will show how effective the light can be to functionalize 2D materials. The fundamental fluorescence phenomenon and current applications using 2D materials in optoelectronics, such as photodetectors, solar cells and light emitting diodes, to obtain improved device properties will also be discussed.
Health-related Fitness in Preschool Children with and without Motor Delays
Authors: KING-DOWLING SARA , RODRIGUEZ CHRISTINE , MISSIUNA CHERYL , TIMMONS BRIAN W. , CAIRNEY JOHN 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT

Purpose
School-age children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) have poor health-related fitness (HRF), but little is known about when these deficits emerge. The purpose of this study was to determine if 4- and 5-yr-old children who meet the criteria for DCD exhibit poorer HRF compared with typically developing (TD) children, and if this relationship is mediated by vigorous physical activity (VPA) engagement.

Methods
Five hundred and ninety-two children participated (age, 5.0 ± 0.6 yr) from the Coordination and Activity Tracking in CHildren study. Motor skills were assessed using the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2, with groups defined as having DCD (≤5th percentile), at risk for DCD (6th–16th percentile), and TD (>16th percentile). Measures of body composition included body mass index, waist circumference, and body fat percentage. Musculoskeletal fitness assessments included standing long jump distance, as well as peak and mean power assessed using a 30-s Wingate protocol on a pediatric cycle ergometer. Time to exhaustion on a progressive, treadmill test was used to determine aerobic fitness. Flexibility and VPA were assessed using a sit-and-reach test and 7-d accelerometry, respectively.

Results
Children in the DCD group had the poorest musculoskeletal and aerobic fitness, whereas TD children had the highest. No differences in body composition among groups were found. Daily VPA was similar among groups and did not explain HRF differences.

Conclusions
Preschool children with DCD have decreased anaerobic and aerobic fitness compared with TD children; however, VPA and body composition seem to be less affected by DCD in the early years. Early motor interventions may be able to improve fitness and reduce the risk of hypoactivity and obesity as children with DCD get older.
Epigenetic silencing of lncRNA MORT in 16 TCGA cancer types
Authors: Vrba Lukas , Futscher Bernard W. 
Published: February 2018

We have previously described a hominid-specific long non-coding RNA, MORT (also known as ZNF667-AS1, Gene ID: 100128252), which is expressed in all normal cell types, but epigenetically silenced during cancer-associated immortalization of human mammary epithelial cells. Initial analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) showed that 15 of 17 cancer types, which represent the 10 most common cancers in women and men, display DNA methylation associated MORT silencing in a large fraction of their tumors. In this study we analyzed MORT expression and DNA methylation state in the remaining 16 TCGA cancer types not previously reported. Seven of the 16 cancer types showed DNA methylation linked MORT silencing in a large fraction of their tumors. These are carcinomas (cervical cancer, and cancers of esophagus, stomach, and bile duct), and the non-epithelial tumors mesothelioma, sarcoma, and uterine carcinosarcoma. Together with the findings from our previous report, MORT expression is silenced by aberrant DNA methylation in 22 of 33 of TCGA cancer types. These 22 cancers include most carcinoma types, blood derived cancers and sarcomas. In conclusion, results suggest that the MORT gene is one of the most common epigenetic aberrations seen in human cancer. Coupled with the timing of MORT gene silencing during in vitro epithelial cell immortalization and its occurrence early in the temporal arc of human carcinogenesis, this provides strong circumstantial evidence for a tumor suppressor role for MORT.
Interdigitated Electrode for Degradation Assessment of Palm Olein During Batch Deep Fat Frying
Authors: Khaled Alfadhl Yahya , Abd Aziz Samsuzana , Rokhani Fakhrul Zaman , Ibrahim Nur Ul Atikah 
Published: February 2018

Abstract. Repeated use of frying oil has been proven hazardous due to the degradation process that changes the quality of the oil. In this study, an interdigitated electrode (IDE) sensor was designed to evaluate palm olein degradation during deep fat frying at several frying intervals by measuring the changes in the oil’s electrical properties. The frying experiment was carried out in batches. In total, 150 batches (150 g batch-1) of French fries were fried over five days. Oil samples were collected (150 mL) after every five frying cycles. The impedance values were measured at 35°C and 45°C using the IDE sensor connected to aninductance (L), capacitance (C), and resistance (R) LCR meter with five frequency levels (100 Hz, 1 kHz, 10 kHz, 20 kHz, and 100 kHz). The total polar compounds (TPC) of each oil sample were measured with a Testo 270 frying oil tester, while the viscosity was measured with a viscometer. The impedance values were found to be significantly different at 35°C and 45°C as well as at different frequency levels (p &lt; 0.0001). For individual frequency analysis, the regression equation obtained the best results at 35°C (with RMSE of 1.21%) and 1.33 mPa.s for TPC and viscosity, respectively. The results indicated that the designed IDE sensor has good potential as a simple and inexpensive method for monitoring palm olein degradation during deep fat frying. Keywords: IDE sensor, Impedance values, Frying oil quality, Total polar compounds.
Inactivation Mechanism and Apoptotic-Like Changes in Aeromonas hydrophila Induced by Slightly Acidic Electrolyzed Water in Freshwater
Authors: Ye Zhangying , Wang Shuo , Gao Weishan , Nan Songjian , Zhu Songming , He Jinsong , Liu Dezhao 
Published: February 2018

Abstract. This study investigated the suppressive effect and the inactivation mechanism of slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW) on . The experiment compared different inhibition effects with SAEW and two antibiotics, gentamicin and norfloxacin. The conditions of pH of 6.5, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) of 890 mV, available chlorine concentration (ACC) of 28 mg L-1 of SAEW, and volume ratios of 1:10, 1:15, and 1:20 were used. Using exposure times of 5 and 10 min to analyze the inactivation mechanism of SAEW from the perspectives of cell membrane permeability, cell nuclear morphology, cell fluorescence staining, and other aspects, the anti-infection effects of SAEW were tested using tilapia () culture experiments. SAEW had a stronger bacteriostasis effect than the antibiotics used. SAEW can inhibit the ability to reproduce, causing abnormal cell morphology and cell elongation. The cell volume was increased with a change in the membrane permeability. The cell nuclear morphology was changed, further inducing apoptosis. Based on study of tilapia in a control group, the organs (intestine, stomach, and liver) developed different degrees of infection. No obvious infection was observed in muscle samples. After SAEW treatment, SAEW showed a better antibacterial effect and improvement effects on the inflammation and structural damage induced by , which could be helpful in aquaculture application. Keywords: A. hydrophila, Antibiotics, Anti-infection, Cell apoptosis, Membrane permeability, Slightly acidic electrolyzed water.
Advances in Drainage: Selected Works from the Tenth International Drainage Symposium
Authors: Strock Jeffrey S. , Hay Christopher , Helmers Matthew J. , Nelson Kelly A. , Sands Gary R. , Skaggs R. Wayne , Douglas-Mankin Kyle R. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract. This article introduces a special collection of fourteen articles accepted from among the 140 technical presentations, posters, and meeting papers presented at the 10th International ASABE Drainage Symposium. The symposium continued in the tradition of previous symposia that began in 1965 as a forum for presenting and assessing the progress of drainage research and implementation throughout the world. The articles in this collection address a wide range of topics grouped into five broad categories: (1) crop response, (2) design and management, (3) hydrology and scale, (4) modeling, and (5) water quality. The collection provides valuable information for scientists, engineers, planners, and others working on crop production, water quality, and water quantity issues affected by agricultural drainage. The collection also provides perspectives on the challenges of increasing agricultural production in a changing climate, with ever-greater attention to water quality and quantity concerns that will require integrated technical, economic, and social solutions. Keywords: ASABE Drainage Symposium, crop response, design and management, hydrology and scale, modeling, water quality.