bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multilingual literacies for learning: Shifting ideologies, developing praxis
Authors: Probyn Margaret J. 
Published: November 2024

Background: In South Africa the majority of learners are failed by school language policies that require them to switch from learning through the medium of their home language, to learning through the medium of English from Grade 4. Yet language ideologies rooted in coloniality sustain the domination of English in education and suppress the home languages of teachers and learners as valid resources for learning.Objectives: The context of this article is a teacher development intervention – Languaging for Learning (L4L) – which aimed to challenge prevailing language ideologies and develop bi/multilingual pedagogies based on the recognition of the learners’ home languages as important resources for learning.Method: Science, Mathematics and English teachers from 10 township schools in the Cape Town Metro participated in the 18-month programme which included workshops, classroom-based support and the provision of some bilingual materials. Data on the teachers’ uptake of the programme were collected through observation, interviews, and video and photographic records.Results: This article describes the shifts in language ideologies and practices of five of the participating teachers. The introduction of bi/multilingual pedagogies impacted positively on learners’ participation, motivation and opportunities to learn as well as on teachers’ sense of efficacy and agency.Conclusion: The research demonstrated how bi/multilingual pedagogies that value learners’ and teachers’ linguistic repertoires as resources for learning can contribute to overcoming the long-standing barriers to learning resulting from language policies and practices that are rooted in coloniality.Contribution: These findings demonstrate how bi/multilingual pedagogies can support epistemic access and biliteracy in education.
Retrorectal Tumor - Using a Posterior Approach
Authors: Thanki Meet , Jain Paresh , Mehta Marzi G. , Balsara Kaiomarz 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Retrorectal tumors (RRT) include diseases that are difficult to diagnose owing to their unspecific and overlapping symptoms. There is a significant lack of literature about approaches to these retrorectal tumors. Usually asymptomatic, when symptoms occur, they may manifest as mass effects, i.e., back pain, altered bowel or bladder function, numbness in lower extremities, or abdominal pain. It is imperative to differentiate them from low rectal cancers as the treatment modalities differ considerably. The majority of these tumors are excised using an anterior approach. In this case report, we aim to highlight the importance of the posterior approach for pelvic tumors as a feasible option for a specific category of RRT. Here we present the case of a 42-year-old male who experienced constipation and dyschezia for 4 years. Upon per rectal examination, a retrorectal mass, not involving the rectal wall, was identified and was surgically excised using a posterior approach as described by Kraske.
Emergency Laparoscopic Management of a Yakes Type III b Inferior Mesenteric Arteriovenous Malformation Presenting as a Massive Lower GI Bleed: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Puntambekar Shailesh , Attar Mohd A. , Manerikar Kshitij , Panse Mangesh , Chitale Mihir , Gandhi Nikesh M 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
One of the less common causes of lower gastrointestinal bleed is the inferior mesenteric artery to vein malformation in the lumen. Here, we present a case where a patient presented with massive lower gastrointestinal bleed, followed by hemorrhagic shock. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the abdomen revealed inferior mesenteric artery to vein malformation with transmural sigmoid collaterals. The usual presentation is non-specific abdominal pain, abdominal mass, or manifestations of portal hypertension and colonic ischemia; extreme cases can present with heart failure. The usual management of these arteriovenous malformations is interventional radiological procedures such as embolization, followed by surgical resection as required. In this case, we describe the role and feasibility of emergency laparoscopic management of a bleed within the inferior mesenteric vessel due to arteriovenous malformation. Less than 40 cases have been reported to date.
Fecaloma: Classification, Treatment, and Outcomes
Authors: Souza Diogo Henrique Saliba de , Morais Lucio Kenny , Neto Salustiano Gabriel , Bafutto Mauro , Oliveira Dayse Elisabeth Campos , Oliveira Camila Campos , Neto Jarbas Jabur Bittar , Ostermayer Alejandro Luquetti , Oliveira Ênio Chaves 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
Fecaloma is a mass of hardened and impacted feces. Its prevalence is high in elderly individuals and patients with neuromuscular changes in the gastrointestinal tract.

Objectives:
The purpose of this study was to analyze the causes, treatment, and outcomes of fecal impaction in a large group of patients.

Design:
This study was a cross-sectional, observational, retrospective study.

Setting:
Núcleo de Estudo de Doença de Chagas (Refering Center for Chagas disease), Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiania, Brazil.

Patients and Methods:
The records of patients referred to perform serology for Chagas disease with a history of fecal impaction were analyzed. Demographic data, causes, extension of fecal mass, complication (volvulus and bowel perforation), type of treatment, and outcomes were obtained.

Main Outcomes and Measurements:
Differences between two groups of patients with fecaloma: chagasic megacolon and normal population.

Sample Size:
A total of 1054 patients were included.

Results:
The median age of the patients was 64 years, with higher prevalence in women at 56.8%, and serology for Chagas disease was positive in 80.3%. Constipation was reported in 80.3% and the use of laxatives in 59.7%. The most prevalent location of fecaloma was in the rectosigmoid (64%), and the most associated complication was volvulus (11%). Most patients were managed with conservative treatment (71.1%), and surgical intervention (28.9%) was needed in complicated patients.

Conclusion:
Most patients with fecaloma were elderly women and the main cause was Chagas disease. Constipation and the rate of laxative use were significant in this population. Conservative approach resolves most cases. Surgery may be indicated in refractory cases and in cases of volvulus or bowel perforation.

Limitations:
This is a retrospective study, and many patients do not have an adequate follow-up file. Colonic evaluation is limited by poor clinical condition and age. Barium enema exam may overestimate colorectal dilation due to its methodology.

Conflict of Interest:
The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.
The Challenge of Mpox Diagnosis for the Colorectal Surgeon
Authors: Maniskas Seija , Marty Makenna , Truong Adam 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The 2022 global Mpox epidemic infected almost 100,000 people globally, particularly men who have sex with men (MSM). Despite immunogenicity following vaccination, there is increasing evidence of waning immunity over time, especially in immunocompromised patients. With breakthrough infection becoming more prevalent, knowledge of diagnostic nuances is essential to recognizing and treating this condition. Here, we present a case of breakthrough Mpox infection in a fully vaccinated non-HIV immunocompromised patient taking risankizumab, and review the risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment. To the best of our knowledge, no such case has been presented in the literature previously.
Optimizing Early Detection of Post-Operative Complications in Colorectal Surgery: A Meta-Analysis of Combined Inflammatory Markers
Authors: Al-Kubati Waheeb R. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Post-operative complications, particularly anastomotic leaks, are a significant concern in colorectal surgery, and early identification through inflammatory markers like C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophils, and stool calprotectin can improve patient outcomes. This meta-analysis evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of these markers in predicting post-operative complications, especially anastomotic leaks, by analyzing data from 51 studies including 49,328 patients. CRP levels exceeding 145 mg/L on the third post-operative day demonstrated 85% sensitivity and 75% specificity for predicting anastomotic leaks. The combined use of CRP, WBC greater than 12,000 cells/µL, and neutrophils increased diagnostic performance to 90% sensitivity and 80% specificity. Additionally, stool calprotectin levels greater than 200 µg/g provided predictive value when CRP results were inconclusive, with 82% sensitivity and 78% specificity. Moderate heterogeneity (I² = 45%) was observed, with minimal publication bias. The findings suggest that CRP, when combined with WBC and neutrophils, is a strong predictor of post-operative complications, including anastomotic leaks, while stool calprotectin offers added diagnostic value in uncertain cases. Incorporating these markers into post-operative monitoring may enhance early detection and improve patient outcomes
A bi‐stream transformer for single‐image dehazing
Authors: Wang Mingrui , Yan Jinqiang , Wan Chaoying , Yang Guowei , Yu Teng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDeep‐learning methods, such as encoder–decoder networks, have achieved impressive results in image dehazing. However, these methods often rely only on synthesized data for training that limits their generalizability to hazy, real‐world images. To leverage prior knowledge of haze properties, we propose a bi‐encoder structure that integrates a prior‐based encoder into a traditional encoder–decoder network. The features from both encoders were fused using a feature enhancement module. We adopted transformer blocks instead of convolutions to model local feature associations. Experimental results demonstrate that our method surpasses state‐of‐the‐art methods for synthesized and actual hazy scenes. Therefore, we believe that our method will be a useful supplement to the collection of current artificial intelligence models and will benefit engineering applications in computer vision.
Repo Rate Hike in the Post-Covid Period and Its Impact on the Lending Rate of Banks In India
Authors: Lakayil Chandran , Shree Manju 
Published: November 2024

Introduction: The repo rate is the tool used by the RBI to manage the interest rates and thereby regulate economic growth and inflation. During the COVID-19 pandemic period, the repo rate was reduced to 4% as a support measure to ensure adequate liquidity with the banks and the public in general. However, after the pandemic, the repo rate was increased in quick succession by 250 basis points, lifting it to the level of 6.50%. As and when the policy rate is changed, it is expected that the change in rate is passed through to the market. Taking a cue from the repo rate increase, banks in India have increased interest rates on deposits and lending rates. An increase in the borrowing cost would adversely affect the performance of the borrowers. The Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSME) sector is among the hardest hit by the rising borrowing costs. This paper reviews the movement of lending rates of banks in the post-pandemic period.

Objectives: The primary objective of this paper is to review the movement of lending rates of banks in India in the post-pandemic period. Specifically, it aims to analyze the impact of changes in the repo rate on interest rates for deposits and lending rates, as well as the broader implications for economic growth and sectors like Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs).

Methods: This paper examines the changes in the repo rate implemented by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) from the pandemic period to the post-pandemic period. It also reviews the corresponding changes in bank interest rates, focusing on how these shifts have affected borrowers, particularly in the MSME sector.

Results: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the RBI reduced the repo rate to 4% as a supportive measure to maintain adequate liquidity for banks and the public. In the post-pandemic period, the repo rate was increased by 250 basis points, raising it to 6.50%. Following these policy changes, banks in India raised their deposit and lending interest rates. The resulting increase in borrowing costs has negatively impacted the financial performance of borrowers, especially in the MSME sector, which is highly sensitive to rising borrowing costs.

Conclusion: The post-pandemic increase in the repo rate by the RBI has led to higher lending rates in the banking sector, directly impacting borrowers' costs. This has particularly affected the MSME sector, which faces greater financial pressure from increased borrowing costs. The findings highlight the need for careful consideration of the ripple effects of monetary policy adjustments, especially on vulnerable sectors of the economy.
Improving Individual Business Tax Collection In Ho Chi Minh City Via Technological Solutions
Authors: Nguyen Dong Thi Thao 
Published: November 2024

Objective: This study examines the potential of technological solutions to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of individual business tax collection in Ho Chi Minh City, focusing on streamlining processes, improving transparency, and reducing tax evasion.

Theoretical Framework: The research is based on theories of digital transformation and tax compliance, highlighting the role of technology in modernizing tax systems through automation, data analytics, and real-time monitoring to improve efficiency and reduce non-compliance.

Method: A descriptive-analytical approach was employed, analyzing current tax collection practices and exploring various technological solutions such as online tax filing, electronic invoicing, and mobile applications. The study also reviews the role of government policies and cybersecurity in successful implementation.

Results and Discussion: The study identifies technological solutions, including online tax platforms, real-time data analytics, and digital audit trails, as critical tools for enhancing tax collection. Effective implementation depends on government collaboration, robust regulations, and continuous improvement of systems.

Research Implications: The findings underscore the need for capacity building, collaboration with financial institutions, and public awareness campaigns to support the transition to technology-driven tax systems. Cybersecurity and regular evaluation are crucial for long-term success.

Originality/Value: This research provides valuable insights into leveraging technology to address challenges in individual business tax collection, offering practical recommendations for implementation in Ho Chi Minh City and similar urban areas.
Challenges Facing Electronic Banking Supervision Comparative Legal Study
Authors: Alkaise Mohamed , Sulaiman Mohammed A. , Kahouaji Fadoua 
Published: November 2024

Objectives: The primary objective of this research is to examine the impact of the widespread adoption of electronic commerce, particularly in the banking sector, and to identify the advantages and challenges associated with this transition. As electronic banking continues to replace traditional banking methods, understanding the implications and potential issues becomes essential to support the growth and effectiveness of these systems.

Methods: This study will analyze data on the adoption and growth of electronic banking, alongside identifying common issues that arise from its implementation. Through a comparative analysis of traditional and electronic banking, the study aims to highlight specific challenges that electronic banks face, especially in terms of regulatory supervision and customer security.

Results: The research findings suggest that while electronic banking provides numerous benefits, including convenience and increased accessibility, it also introduces new challenges. These challenges often revolve around ensuring proper supervision and regulation to protect users and maintain trust in digital banking systems.

Conclusion: In conclusion, the shift from traditional to electronic banking brings significant opportunities but also demands attention to emerging problems, particularly those concerning oversight. Addressing these issues through effective regulation and supervision will be crucial to ensure a secure and sustainable electronic banking future.
Effectiveness of Innovation for Organizational Excellence in the Information Technology Sector
Authors: Carvalho Annesly Anton , Karthikeyan K. , Sudhahar J. Clement , Jesiah Selvam 
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Digital transformation era calls for effective leadership competencies in the information technology sector. The need, significance, purpose and scope of the study will reiterate the Statement of the problem and research statement - that there is no coherent link in most studies between effectiveness of innovation as a leadership competency and organizational excellence, since there is still a scarcity of research, based on the Review of Literature.
This study assesses the significant relationship between effectiveness of innovation as a leadership competency and organizational excellence drivers like employee value proposition, competitive advantage, organizational agility and organizational culture.
Team Leaders, project leaders, project managers and senior leaders of select IT Companies in Chennai city were the universe of the study.

Objectives: (i) Examine the effectiveness of innovation as a leadership competency on drivers of organizational excellence namely - employee value proposition, competitive advantage, organizational agility and organizational culture. (ii) Examine differences in the impact of demographic factors like gender, age, educational qualification, total years of experience, and years of experience in current company, on innovation, as a leadership competency. (iii) Examine differences in the impact of demographic factors like gender, age, educational qualification, total years of experience, and years of experience in current company, on drivers of organizational excellence namely - employee value proposition, competitive advantage, organizational agility and organizational culture.

Methods: For this study, quantitative research design and approach, structured questionnaire as research tool, simple random sampling method, and standard data analysis process for interpretation of the collected data has been used.

Results: The rise in knowledge work, beckons leadership for an innovation mindset, risk-taking, change management for work, workforce and workplace. Human capital development for innovation, improves product, service, process, technological and business model innovation for growth. Enhanced employee value proposition, nimble-organizational agility and an enticing organizational culture creates sustained competitive advantage.

Conclusion: It was found that effectiveness of innovation as a leadership competency, impacts the drivers of organizational excellence and paves way for long-term strategic success, to build a thriving workforce that in turn helps to build successful business organizations with sustainable competitive advantage.
Satisfaction Level of Customers on E-CRM
Authors: Kolathappilly Anjali Balan , Kumar Mathan 
Published: November 2024

Objectives: Commercial banks are moving from a product-centric approach to a customer-oriented approach. This shift reflects the current trend of prioritizing the customer, where the saying "Customer is the King" has become prevalent. Customers now have the option to compare various products and choose those that best meet their preferences. They also expect a high level of service, a tailored product offering, and a personalized delivery model. In this context, banks in Kerala, similar to other regions in India, must adapt quickly to meet these evolving expectations to remain competitive. The objective is to understand client needs and transform traditional CRM into electronic Customer Relationship Management (e-CRM).

Methods: e-CRM represents an advanced version of CRM, enhanced with technology and focusing on specific market groups through direct marketing and sales services. However, implementing e-CRM effectively presents challenges. Often, organizations fail to consider the customer's needs fully, which impacts the system’s efficiency. The move towards e-CRM also reflects a broader shift from paper-based methods to digital processes in banking.

Results: The banking industry has prioritized attracting new clients, retaining current ones, and enhancing customer loyalty and satisfaction. e-CRM systems address the needs of both consumers and banks, allowing banks to meet client demands more effectively while also adapting to modern digital expectations. This shift has enabled banks to improve customer engagement and offer more customized services.

Conclusion: The transformation from traditional CRM to e-CRM represents a significant change in the banking sector, especially in regions like Kerala. As customer expectations rise, banks must respond quickly and effectively to meet these demands. e-CRM systems have become essential tools for banks to cater to the needs of modern consumers and to stay competitive in a rapidly evolving market. This approach underlines the importance of technology in enhancing customer relationships and highlights the banking industry's commitment to placing customers at the center of their operations.