bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcome after new generation single‐layer polytetrafluoroethylene‐covered stent implantation for the treatment of coronary artery perforation
Authors: Kufner Sebastian , Schacher Nora , Ferenc Miroslaw , Schlundt Christian , Hoppmann Petra , Abdel‐Wahab Mohamed , Mayer Katharina , Fusaro Massimiliano , Byrne Robert A. , Kastrati Adnan 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAimsCoronary artery perforation (CAP) is a rare but severe complication during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Implantation of covered stents (CS) represents a potentially life‐saving treatment. Concerns exist regarding limited efficacy and high stent thrombosis (ST) rates related to early generation CS. The aim of this study was to evaluate angiographic and clinical outcomes of patients with CAP treated with a new generation single‐layer polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)‐CS.MethodsBetween May 2013 and November 2017, we identified a total of 61 patients who underwent implantation of 71 single layer PTFE‐CS after CAP. We analyzed angiographic results at follow up (including binary angiographic restenosis [BAR] and late‐lumen‐loss [LLL]) and clinical outcomes in hospital and at follow up, including target lesion revascularization (TLR), cardiovascular‐, and all‐cause mortality, myocardial infarction (MI) and stent thrombosis (ST).ResultsProcedural success was achieved in all but two patients (96.7%). Procedure related MI, occurred in 19 cases (31.1%), in hospital death occurred in five cases (8.2%). At follow‐up, TLR occurred in 11 cases (18.0%), two patients (3.3%) died from non‐cardiovascular cause, there was no case of MI or ST.ConclusionsIn this retrospective analysis, implantation of a new generation PTFE‐CS, for the treatment of CAP showed high technical success rates. Although, periprocedural MI—and in‐hospital‐death rates remain not inconsiderable, new generation PTFE‐CS showed favorable angiographic and clinical efficacy and high safety profile, especially with regard to thrombotic events.
Case reports of coronary fibromuscular dysplasia and spontaneous coronary artery dissections
Authors: Lee Carolyn , Starovoytov Andrew , Saw Jacqueline 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSpontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is an important cause of acute coronary syndrome especially in women. The most common underlying predisposing cause of SCAD is fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD), a non‐inflammatory arteriopathy that results in weakening of the affected arteries, and can cause dissection or aneurysm. Coronary FMD (CFMD) was described as rare, and was shown to cause SCAD in histopathological case reports. Unfortunately, CFMD is challenging to diagnose on coronary angiography, as the findings can be similar to other causes of coronary artery disease. Therefore, we illustrate two case examples of CFMD on coronary angiography, and highlight findings on optical coherence tomography to aid diagnosis.
Algorithmic solutions to common problems encountered during chronic total occlusion angioplasty: The algorithms within the algorithm
Authors: Riley Robert F. , Walsh Simon J. , Kirtane Ajay J. , Michael Wyman R. , Nicholson William J. , Azzalini Lorenzo , Spratt James C. , Kalra Sanjog , Hanratty Colm G. , Pershad Ashish , DeMartini Tony , Karmpaliotis Dimitri , Lombardi William L. , Aaron Grantham J. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractImproved technical equipment, dissemination of best practices, and the importance of complete coronary revascularization have led to a renewed interest in coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO) PCI. In particular, the hybrid algorithm has been associated with increasing procedural success rates in the US. However, the hybrid algorithm only covers overarching strategies in the overall approach to these lesions. Several technical challenges can occur during execution of these approaches, each of which has several potential solutions. A systematic or algorithmic approach to dealing with these challenges could contribute to improved procedural efficiency and higher procedural success. While there have been isolated attempts in the past to codify approaches to each of these situations, there has not been a contemporary, comprehensive review of the potential solutions to these problems. We present 10 common problems encountered during CTO PCI and a consensus hierarchical approach to them.
Routine postprocedure ultrasound increases rate of detection of femoral arterial thrombosis in infants after cardiac catheterization
Authors: Kamyszek Reed W. , Leraas Harold J. , Nag Uttara P. , Olivere Lindsey A. , Nash Amanda L. , Kemeny Hanna R. , Kim Jina , Hill Kevin D. , Fleming Gregory A. , Jooste Edmund H. , Otto James , Tracy Elisabeth T. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo examine the effect of implementing postcatheterization ultrasound (US) on femoral arterial thrombosis detection rates and factors associated with thrombosis in infants.BackgroundAlthough femoral arterial thrombosis is an uncommon complication of cardiac catheterization, it can cause limb threatening complications. Previous studies assessing the utility of postprocedure US to detect thrombosis in infants have utilized US as an adjunct to standard clinical detection methods, are small scale, or include small cohorts of infants within older populations.MethodsWe reviewed institutional records of patients 0–12 months undergoing catheterization from 2007 to 2016. Demographics and procedural data were compared between the thrombosis and non‐thrombosis group. Pre‐ and post‐US groups were compared for detected thrombosis rate. Using univariate and multivariable analyses, we identified factors associated with thrombosis.ResultsIn total, 270 patients underwent 509 catheterizations, with 40 (7.9%) documented thromboses. The rate of thrombus detection in patients younger than 6 months increased from 8.3% to 23.4% (P = 0.006) after implementing routine US. On multivariable analysis, lower weight (P < 0.001), larger arterial sheath size (P < 0.001), and longer procedure duration (P = 0.003) were independently associated with higher odds of thrombosis.ConclusionsHigher rates of femoral arterial thrombosis detection were observed since implementing an US screening program. Further studies are needed to evaluate age‐related changes in hemostasis in this population and how advanced screening methods and anticoagulation protocols may help improve short‐term and long‐term sequelae of femoral arterial thrombosis.
Trimethylamine N‐Oxide Electrochemical Biosensor with a Chimeric Enzyme
Authors: Mitrova Biljana , Waffo Armel F. T. , Kaufmann Paul , Iobbi‐Nivol Chantal , Leimkühler Silke , Wollenberger Ulla 
Published: November 2018

AbstractFor the first time, an enzyme‐based electrochemical biosensor system for determination of trimethylamine N‐oxide (TMAO) is described. It employs an active chimeric variant of TorA in combination with an enzymatically deoxygenating system and a low‐potential mediator for effective regeneration of the enzyme and cathodic current generation. TMAO reductase (TorA) is a molybdoenzyme found in marine and most enterobacteria that specifically catalyzes the reduction of TMAO to trimethylamine (TMA). The chimeric TorA, named TorA‐FDH, corresponds to the apoform of TorA from Escherichia coli reconstituted with the molybdenum cofactor from formate dehydrogenase (FDH). Each enzyme, TorA and TorA‐FDH, was immobilized on the surface of a carbon electrode and protected with a dialysis membrane. The biosensor operates at an applied potential of −0.8 V [vs. Ag/AgCl (1 M KCl)] under ambient air conditions thanks to an additional enzymatic O2‐scavenger system. A comparison between the two enzymatic sensors revealed a much higher sensitivity for the biosensor with immobilized TorA‐FDH. This biosensor exhibits a sensitivity of 14.16 nA/μM TMAO in a useful measuring range of 2–110 μM with a detection limit of LOD=2.96 nM (S/N=3), and was similar for TMAO in buffer and in spiked serum samples. With a response time of 16±2 s, the biosensor is stable over prolonged daily measurements (n=20). This electrochemical biosensor provides suitable applications in detecting TMAO levels in human serum.
An Ultrafast Molecular‐Rotor‐Based Fluorescent Turn‐On Sensor for the Perrhenate Anion in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Desai Akshat M. , Singh Prabhat K. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractDevising sensors for the perrhenate anion in aqueous media is extremely challenging, and has seldom been reported in the literature. Herein, we report a fluorescence turn‐on sensor for the perrhenate anion in aqueous media based on the aggregation‐induced emission of a popular ultrafast molecular rotor dye, Thioflavin‐T. The selective response towards the perrhenate anion has been rationalized in terms of matching water affinity, with the weakly hydrated perrhenate anion spontaneously forming a contact ion pair with the weakly hydrated ultrafast molecule‐rotor‐based organic cation, Thioflavin‐T, which in turn leads to an aggregate assembly that provides a fluorescence turn‐on response towards perrhenate. The sensing response of Thioflavin‐T has been found to be quite selective towards the perrhenate anion when tested against anions that are ubiquitously present in the environment, such as chloride, nitrate, and sulfate anions. The formation of self‐assembled Thioflavin‐T aggregates has also been investigated by time‐resolved emission and temperature‐dependent measurements.
Histological and micro‐computed tomography evaluations of newly formed bone after maxillary sinus augmentation using a xenograft with similar density and mineral content of bone: An experimental study in rabbits
Authors: Iida Takahisa , Silva Erick Ricardo , Lang Niklaus P. , Apaza Alccayhuaman Karol Alí , Botticelli Daniele , Xavier Samuel P. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate possible differences in the assessment of bone formation between histological and micro‐computed tomography (CT) analyses in maxillary sinuses augmented with a xenograft with similar density and mineral content of bone. A collagen membrane was placed subjacent the elevated sinus mucosa at the test sites of 18 rabbits, and the elevated spaces were filled with xenograft. The antrostomy was covered with collagen membranes, bilaterally. Six rabbits per group were sacrificed after 2, 4, and 8 weeks of healing. Biopsies were retrieved and scanned in a high‐resolution micro‐CT at two different gray thresholds. Histological assessments were subsequently performed. At the histological analyses, bone increased over time, from 7.5 ± 2.4% to 27.0 ± 5.3%, between 2 and 8 weeks of healing. The highest content of bone was found close to the sinus bone walls, whereas the middle regions contained lower amounts. At the micro‐CT analyses, discrepancies were found in bone content percentages compared with the histological analyses, especially after 2 weeks of healing and within the middle regions of the sinus, in which new bone was ~15–22% at the micro‐CT analyses and only 1.6% at the histological evaluation. The outcomes of a micro‐CT analysis performed in an early phase of healing may be altered when a resorbable bone substitute with similar density and mineral content of bone is applied.
An adaptive continuous‐time incremental Σ∆ ADC for neural recording implants
Authors: Barati Saeid , Yavari Mohammad 
Published: November 2018

SummaryIn this paper, an analog‐to‐digital converter (ADC) with adaptive resolution is presented for wireless neural recording implants. The resolution of the ADC is changed according to the neural signal content, and for this purpose, a continuous‐time (CT) incremental sigma‐delta (IΣ∆) modulator is employed. The ADC digitizes the action potential (AP) and background noise (B‐noise) with 8‐bit and 3‐bit resolutions, respectively. An automatic AP detector is used to separate the APs from the B‐noise in order to select one of the two proportional resolutions. The power dissipation and output data rate of the ADC are reduced by using this technique. Analytical calculations and behavioral simulation results are provided to evaluate the performance of the proposed ADC. To further confirm its efficiency, the circuit‐level implementation of the CT IΣ∆ ADC is presented in Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) 90‐nm complementary metal‐oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process. According to the simulation results, the proposed ADC achieves 8‐bit or 3‐bit resolution adaptively with 10 kHz bandwidth while the average power consumption is less than 1.89 μW from a single 1‐V power supply.
Cervical cancer screening by molecular Pap‐transformation of gynecologic cytology
Authors: Barodawala Shaikhali M , Chadha Kirti , Kavishwar Vikas , Murthy Anuradha , Shetye Shamma 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundCervical cancer is one of the common cancers in women accounting for 7.9% of all cancers. In India it is the second commonest cancer in women. The immortality of the cancer cell and the relatively long time frame from acquisition of infection to development of cervical cancer was established. As major advancements like LBC, HPV testing were introduced in the recent years, screening has taken a new avatar, the Molecular pap!! The objectives of this study were:
To compare gynecologic cytology and abnormal results with respect to conventional and LBC.
To study the role of HPV cotesting and ancillary tests performed, that is, HPV CISH, and p16ink4a by IHC.
MethodsAbout 71 924 Conventional and LBC samples were included from August 2009 to December 2017. Cases for HPV testing along the conventional smears were 1539. HPV can be tested from the same LBC vial as the sample remains stable at room temperature for 6 weeks. HPV DNA PCR was carried out in our laboratory for High and Low risk genotypes. Cytology findings were also correlated with histology.ResultsDetection rate of SILs in LBC samples were higher (2.20%). The commonest abnormality was LSIL in LBC and ASCUS in conventional smears. Commonest HR HPV and LR HPV detected was 1 61 856 and 61 142.ConclusionLBC with HPV cotesting improves sensitivity and specificity and reduces ambiguous results; allows better compliance, as a negative result of both tests allows patients to get screening every 5 years, thereby increasing screening intervals, important in a resource limited situation.
The LepRdb/db mice model for studying glycation in the context of diabetes
Authors: Guilbaud Axel , Howsam Michael , Niquet‐Léridon Céline , Delguste Florian , Boulanger Eric , Tessier Frédéric J. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundEarly (furosine) and advanced (carboxymethyllysine, CML) products of glycation (AGEs) have been reported as increased in plasma, tissues, and organs of diabetic people, indicating a direct link between glycation and type 2 diabetes (T2D). While murine models present some of the characteristics observed in diabetic humans, their pertinence as models of glycation, particularly for T2D, remains poorly described. The aim of this study was to characterize and compare glycation in several organs of two commonly studied murine models of T2D using stable isotope dilution liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS).MethodsDefining parameters of type 2 diabetes including body weight, fasting glycaemia, and glucose intolerance were measured in three different C57BL6 mouse models of T2D—the genetic LepRdb/db (db/db) model and two diet‐induced obesity (DIO) models—and their respective controls. Furosine, free, and protein‐bound CML were quantified in kidneys, lungs, heart, and liver by LC‐MS/MS.ResultsThe obesity, hyperglycaemia, and glucose intolerance in db/db mice was accompanied by an increase of furosine and protein‐bound CML levels in all organs relative to controls. The DIO models took several months to become obese, exhibited less severe hyperglycaemia and glucose intolerance, while glycation products were not significantly different between these groups (with the exception of furosine in liver and CML in lungs).ConclusionsThe db/db model better reflected the characteristics of human T2D compared with the DIO models and exhibited greater formation and accumulation of both furosine and protein‐bound CML in all of the organs tested here.
MicroRNA‐296‐5p promotes healing of diabetic wound by targeting sodium‐glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2)
Authors: Liu Xiaomin , Wang Yanmao , Zhang Xiaotian , Zhang Xinju , Guo Jing , Zhou Jinbao , Chai Yimin , Ma Zhong‐liang 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundDiabetic wounds are refractory and very difficult to heal. We aimed to use miRNA to identify novel and specific molecular markers for diabetes mellitus (DM) diagnosis and treatment.MethodsThe expression level of miR‐296‐5p was determined in tissue samples of 12 DM patients. The effect of miR‐296‐5p on proliferation of β‐cells was examined using Cell Counting Kit‐8 (CCK‐8) and colony formation assay. The effect of miR‐296‐5p on cell cycle progression was analysed using flow cytometry. The target gene was verified using luciferase reporter assay. A rat diabetes model was used to assess the effect of miR‐296‐5p in vivo.ResultsOverexpression of miR‐296‐5p suppressed cell proliferation, arrested cell cycle progression, and increased the healing rate of diabetic wounds both in vivo and in vitro. TargetScan analysis results showed that miR‐296‐5p is a direct regulator of SGLT2.ConclusionsmiR‐296‐5p can increase the healing rate of diabetic wounds and may be an effective molecular tool in DM diagnosis and therapy.
Temporal changes in Weddell seal dive behavior over winter: Are females increasing foraging effort to support gestation?
Authors: Shero Michelle R. , Goetz Kimberly T. , Costa Daniel P. , Burns Jennifer M. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn capital‐breeding marine mammals, prey acquisition during the foraging trip coinciding with gestation must provide energy to meet the immediate needs of the growing fetus and also a store to meet the subsequent demands of lactation. Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) that give birth following the gestational (winter) foraging period gain similar proportions of mass and lipid as compared to females that fail to give birth. Therefore, any changes in foraging behavior can be attributed to gestational costs. To investigate differences in foraging effort associated with successful reproduction, twenty‐three satellite tags were deployed on post‐molt female Weddell seals in the Ross Sea. Of the 20 females that returned to the area the following year, 12 females gave birth and eight did not. Females that gave birth the following year began the winter foraging period with significantly longer and deeper dives, as compared to non‐reproductive seals. Mid‐ to late winter, reproductive females spent a significantly greater proportion of the day diving, and either depressed their diving metabolic rates (DMR), or exceeded their calculated aerobic dive limit (cADL) more frequently than females that returned without a pup. Moreover, non‐reproductive females organized their dives into 2–3 short bouts per day on average (BOUTshort; 7.06 ± 1.29 hr; mean ± 95% CI), whereas reproductive females made 1–2 BOUTshort per day (10.9 ± 2.84 hr), comprising one long daily foraging bout without rest. The magnitude of the increase in dive activity budgets and depression in calculated DMR closely matched the estimated energetic requirements of supporting a fetus. This study is one of the first to identify increases in foraging effort that are associated with successful reproduction in a top predator and indicates that reproductive females must operate closer to their physiological limits to support gestational costs.
Coral epigenetic responses to nutrient stress: Histone H2A.X phosphorylation dynamics and DNA methylation in the staghorn coral Acropora cervicornis
Authors: Rodriguez‐Casariego Javier A. , Ladd Mark C. , Shantz Andrew A. , Lopes Christian , Cheema Manjinder S. , Kim Bohyun , Roberts Steven B. , Fourqurean James W. , Ausio Juan , Burkepile Deron E. , Eirin‐Lopez Jose M. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractNutrient pollution and thermal stress constitute two of the main drivers of global change in the coastal oceans. While different studies have addressed the physiological effects and ecological consequences of these stressors in corals, the role of acquired modifications in the coral epigenome during acclimatory and adaptive responses remains unknown. The present work aims to address that gap by monitoring two types of epigenetic mechanisms, namely histone modifications and DNA methylation, during a 7‐week‐long experiment in which staghorn coral fragments (Acropora cervicornis) were exposed to nutrient stress (nitrogen, nitrogen + phosphorus) in the presence of thermal stress. The major conclusion of this experiment can be summarized by two main results: First, coral holobiont responses to the combined effects of nutrient enrichment and thermal stress involve the post‐translational phosphorylation of the histone variant H2A.X (involved in responses to DNA damage), as well as nonsignificant modifications in DNA methylation trends. Second, the reduction in H2A.X phosphorylation (and the subsequent potential impairment of DNA repair mechanisms) observed after prolonged coral exposure to nitrogen enrichment and thermal stress is consistent with the symbiont‐driven phosphorus limitation previously observed in corals subject to nitrogen enrichment. The alteration of this epigenetic mechanism could help to explain the synergistic effects of nutrient imbalance and thermal stress on coral fitness (i.e., increased bleaching and mortality) while supporting the positive effect of phosphorus addition to improving coral resilience to thermal stress. Overall, this work provides new insights into the role of epigenetic mechanisms during coral responses to global change, discussing future research directions and the potential benefits for improving restoration, management and conservation of coral reef ecosystems worldwide.
Scale‐dependent home range optimality for a solitary omnivore
Authors: Gantchoff Mariela , Wang Guiming , Beyer Dean , Belant Jerrold 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSpatial and temporal heterogeneity are fundamental mechanisms structuring home ranges. Under optimality, an individual should structure their space use economically to maximize fitness. We evaluated support for three hypotheses related to range optimality in American black bears (Ursus americanus), predicting (a) range location on a landscape will correspond with high vegetation productivity, (b) increasing forest fragmentation will result in larger ranges, and (c) increasing proportion of forest and/or mean vegetation productivity will result in smaller ranges. We used black bear radio telemetry data from Michigan (2009–2015), Missouri (2010–2016), and Mississippi (2008–2017), USA. Annual space use excluded winter, and we separated seasonal space use into spring, summer, and fall. We collected data from 143 bears (80 females, 63 males), resulting in 97 annual and 538 seasonal ranges. We used generalized linear mixed models to evaluate productivity (estimated through Normalized Difference Vegetation Index [NDVI]) selection, and range size (km2) variation between individuals. At the annual scale, black bears consistently selected areas with greater vegetation productivity than the surrounding landscape; yet selection weakened and was more variable seasonally. Opposite to our prediction, we found that increasing fragmentation consistently resulted in smaller ranges; non‐forested land covers and forest edges might provide greater abundance or more diverse foods for bears. Ranges with a greater proportion of forest were smaller, likely reflecting an increase in food and cover which could reduce movements, yet there was no support for more productive ranges also being smaller as expected from an area minimizing strategy. Black bears displayed a scale‐dependent space use strategy: at larger spatial and temporal scales, productivity acted as the strongest limiting factor and energy maximizing was the dominant strategy, while an area minimizing strategy was exhibited seasonally. We revealed consistent, scale‐dependent responses by black bears to environmental conditions, demonstrating the intrinsic plasticity of this adaptable omnivore.