bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Where's Dad? The Importance of Integrating Fatherhood and Parenting Programming into Substance Use Treatment for Men
Authors: Stover Carla S. , Carlson Melissa , Patel Sarika , Manalich Raquel 
Published: October 2018

Large numbers of men enter substance use disorder treatment each year, yet very little attention is paid to the fatherhood and parenting status of these men. Substance use treatment programmes for men rarely incorporate a parenting component into their treatment planning, despite the increased success of women's treatment programmes that focus on gender and motherhood. This paper provides: (1) a review of the literature on the fathering of substance‐using men, what has been learned from substance use disorder treatment for mothers, and the implications for children and families; (2) pilot quantitative and qualitative outcomes resulting from the implementation of a fatherhood‐focused intervention for men in a residential substance use treatment programme; and (3) recommendations for the application of these findings for fathers in substance use disorder treatment, and considers the implications of programme modifications and increased focus on fathers for child welfare.‘Substance use treatment programmes for men rarely incorporate a parenting component’Key Practitioner Messages

Despite significant need, parenting and fatherhood‐focused interventions are typically not provided within substance abuse treatment facilities.
Motherhood‐focused programmes have improved parenting and substance use outcomes for women.
Integration of a fatherhood and parenting intervention into residential substance use treatment for men shows promise.
Fathers for Change intervention within a residential treatment programme and aftercare setting was feasible, with high completion rates and satisfaction and reductions in affect regulation problems and hostility.
‘Integration of a fatherhood and parenting intervention into residential substance use treatment for men shows promise’
Cucurbit[8]uril Reactivation of an Inactivated Caspase‐8 Mutant Reveals Differentiated Enzymatic Substrate Processing
Authors: Dang Dung T. , van Onzen Arthur H. A. M. , Dorland Yvonne L. , Brunsveld Luc 
Published: October 2018

AbstractCaspase‐8 constructs featuring an N‐terminal FGG sequence allow for selective twofold recognition by cucurbit[8]uril, which leads to an increase of the enzymatic activity in a cucurbit[8]uril dose‐dependent manner. This supramolecular switching has enabled for the first time the study of the same caspase‐8 in its two extreme states; as full monomer and as cucurbit[8]uril induced dimer. A mutated, fully monomeric caspase‐8 (D384A), which is enzymatically inactive towards its natural substrate caspase‐3, could be fully reactivated upon addition of cucurbit[8]uril. In its monomeric state caspase‐8 (D384A) still processes a small synthetic substrate, but not the natural caspase‐3 substrate, highlighting the close interplay between protein dimerization and active site rearrangement for substrate selectivity. The ability to switch the caspase‐8 activity by a supramolecular system thus provides a flexible approach to studying the activity of a protein at different oligomerization states.
A case of a tumor‐like condition in the optic nerve head of a pig
Authors: Suetov Alexey A. , Boiko Ernest V. , Alekperov Sergey I. 
Published: October 2018

Key Clinical MessageA tumor‐like condition of the optic nerve head of unknown etiology was found in a domestic pig. Clinical and histological manifestations suggest that the unusual tumor‐like condition is probably a variant of proliferative optic neuropathy caused by unknown nonspecific damage (perhaps trauma), which was received earlier.
Thermal‐Treatment‐Induced Cu−Sn Core/Shell Nanowire Array Catalysts for Highly Efficient CO2 Electroreduction
Authors: Hu Hanjun , Wang Yutian , Du Nian , Sun Yufan , Tang Yang , Hu Qing , Wan Pingyu , Dai Liming , Fisher Adrian C. , Yang Xiao Jin 
Published: October 2018

AbstractHierarchical Cu−Sn core/shell nanowire arrays were built on 3‐dimensional macroporous Ni foams through a two‐step deposition, annealing, and electroreduction treatment. Cu was electroplated on Ni foam substrates and the sample was annealed at 500 °C followed by electroreduction, producing Cu nanowires of 150 nm diameter in arrays on the skeleton of Ni foams. Sn nanoparticles of 14–80 nm were then chemically deposited on Cu nanowires in clusters and a second annealing treatment at 200 °C followed by electroreduction re‐organized the clusters into a SnxO/Sn shell of 8 nm thickness. Creating such a Sn shell on Cu nanowires suppressed faradaic efficiencies for H2 evolution from 55.7 to 10.1 % and for HCOOH formation from 13.2 to 2.0 % and enhanced CO generation from 32.0 to 90.0 % at an applied potential of −0.8 V (vs. RHE). The faradaic efficiency for CO production remained almost constant at 90.0–91.4 % with total current densities of −13.2 to −19.3 mA cm−2 between −0.8 and −1.2 V (vs. RHE).
Ring‐Opening Polymerisation of Low‐Strain Nickelocenophanes: Synthesis and Magnetic Properties of Polynickelocenes with Carbon and Silicon Main Chain Spacers
Authors: Hailes Rebekah L. N. , Musgrave Rebecca A. , Kilpatrick Alexander F. R. , Russell Andrew D. , Whittell George R. , O'Hare Dermot , Manners Ian 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPolymetallocenes based on ferrocene, and to a lesser extent cobaltocene, have been well‐studied, whereas analogous systems based on nickelocene are virtually unexplored. It has been previously shown that poly(nickelocenylpropylene) [Ni(η5‐C5H4)2(CH2)3]n is formed as a mixture of cyclic (6x) and linear (7) components by the reversible ring‐opening polymerisation (ROP) of tricarba[3]nickelocenophane [Ni(η5‐C5H4)2(CH2)3] (5). Herein the generality of this approach to main‐chain polynickelocenes is demonstrated and the ROP of tetracarba[4]nickelocenophane [Ni(η5‐C5H4)2(CH2)4] (8), and disila[2]nickelocenophane [Ni(η5‐C5H4)2(SiMe2)2] (12) is described, to yield predominantly insoluble homopolymers poly(nickelocenylbutylene) [Ni(η5‐C5H4)2(CH2)4]n (13) and poly(tetramethyldisilylnickelocene) [Ni(η5‐C5H4)2(SiMe2)2]n (14), respectively. The ROP of 8 and 12 was also found to be reversible at elevated temperature. To access soluble high molar mass materials, copolymerisations of 5, 8, and 12 were performed. Superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometry measurements of 13 and 14 indicated that these homopolymers behave as simple paramagnets at temperatures greater than 50 K, with significant antiferromagnetic coupling that is notably larger in carbon‐bridged 6x/7 and 13 compared to the disilyl‐bridged 14. However, the behaviour of these polynickelocenes deviates substantially from the Curie–Weiss law at low temperatures due to considerable zero‐field splitting.
Electrochemical Reduction of N2 to NH3 at Low Potential by a Molecular Aluminum Complex
Authors: Sherbow Tobias J. , Thompson Emily J. , Arnold Amela , Sayler Richard I. , Britt R. David , Berben Louise A. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractElectrochemical generation of ammonia (NH3) from nitrogen (N2) using renewable electricity is a desirable alternative to current NH3 production methods, which consume roughly 1 % of the world's total energy use. The use of catalysts to manipulate the required electron and proton transfer reactions with low energy input is also a chemical challenge that requires development of fundamental reaction pathways. This work presents an approach to the electrochemical reduction of N2 into NH3 using a coordination complex of aluminum(III), which facilitates NH3 production at −1.16 V vs. SCE. Reactions performed under 15N2 liberate 15NH3. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopic characterization of a reduced intermediate and investigations of product inhibition, which limit the reaction to sub‐stoichiometric, are also presented.
Analysis of Mitochondrial Dimensions and Cristae Structure in Pluripotent Stem Cells Using Transmission Electron Microscopy
Authors: Tobias I. C. , Khazaee R. , Betts D. H. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractDynamic alterations to mitochondrial structure and function regulate cell fate decisions and underlie multiple age‐related and genetic diseases that are modeled using embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to obtain high‐resolution micrographs of mitochondria, but mitochondrial ultrastructure is easily distorted during specimen processing. This unit describes a method that preserves mitochondrial membrane structure from adherent ESC cultures for TEM sample preparation. This procedure is useful for assessing ultrastructural changes to mitochondria during differentiation, reprogramming, or experimental manipulation of ESC metabolism. We provide comprehensive protocols for: (1) preparation of ESC cultures for TEM; (2) retrieval of thin sections from individual ESCs; and (3) contrast staining and morphometric analysis of mitochondria and cristae. This unit also describes an alternative procedure for samples with low cell numbers and a supporting protocol for morphometric image analysis. Collectively, these protocols allow for the observation and quantitative analysis of mitochondria in ESCs. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
High false positive rate of white blood cells in urine samples of pregnant women may be caused by epithelial cells being misclassified by the sysmex UF‐1000i urine flow cytometer
Authors: Yang Wei , Yu Xiaochen , Liu Dan , Guan Xiuru 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundThe UF‐1000i has been widely used in screening urinary sediments. However, the interference factor of the UF‐1000i in the screening urinary sediments of pregnant women has not been reported. The aim of the study was to demonstrate that epithelial cells (ECs) cause a high false positive rate of white blood cells (WBCs) by the UF‐1000i in pregnant women.MethodsUrine samples were collected from 207 pregnant women. All samples were measured by the UF‐1000i and a microscopic method.ResultsThe areas under the curve (AUC) for WBC and EC counts were 0.837 (95% CI, 0.773–0.901) and 0.844 (95% CI, 0.785–0.903), respectively. The positive rates of the WBC and EC were 73.43% and 37.20%, respectively, by the UF‐1000i, and they were 19.32% and 72.95% by the microscopic method. The positive predictive value, negative predictive value, false positive rates, and false negative rates by the UF‐1000i were for WBC 25.66%, 98.18%, 74.34%, and 1.82%, respectively, and for EC they were 96.1%, 40.77%, 3.9%, and 59.23%, respectively. The coefficient of correlation R value was 0.503 (P < 0.01) between WBC by UF‐1000i and EC by the microscopic method in WBC false positive samples.ConclusionsEC could be an interference factor for the UF‐1000i in screening urinary WBC of pregnant women, and the high false positive rate for WBC may be caused by ECs being misclassified as WBCs by the UF‐1000i. © 2018 The Authors. Cytometry Part B: Clinical Cytometry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Clinical Cytometry Society.
Synthesis, carbonic anhydrase inhibitory activity and antioxidant activity of some 1,3‐oxazine derivatives
Authors: Qamar Rabia , Saeed Aamer , Saeed Maria , Ashraf Zaman , Abbas Qamar , Hassan Mubashir , Albericio Fernando 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Hit, Lead & Candidate Discovery

A series of 1‐(6‐methyl‐2‐substituted phenyl‐4‐thioxo‐4H‐1,3‐oxazin‐5‐yl)ethanones (3a‐n) were synthesized by the reaction of benzoyl isothiocyanates with active methylene compound acetylacetone in the presence of triethyl amine in a one‐pot process. The structures of the products were elucidated by elemental analyses, FT‐IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and mass spectroscopy. These new 1,3‐oxazine derivatives were evaluated for their inhibitory activity against carbonic anhydrase II. Results for in vitro assay revealed that compound 3b having 4‐methoxy phenyl moiety was the most potent inhibitor with IC50 value of 0.144 ± 0.008 μM. It exhibited higher enzyme inhibitory activity as compared to the standard acetazolamide (IC50 = 0.997 ± 0.061 μM). The compounds 3c, 3h, and 3n also displayed superior inhibitory activities compared to the rest of the synthesized oxazine derivatives. The radical scavenging activity of oxazine derivatives was also performed and it was found that compounds showed moderate antioxidant activity. Lipinski rule confirmed the therapeutic potential of the synthesized compounds. Molecular docking studies were also performed to further understand the binding affinity of these compounds with PDBID 1V9E which confirmed that the synthesized derivatives bind in the active binding site of the target protein. Based upon our results, it is proposed that compound 3b may serve as a lead structure to design more potent carbonic anhydrase inhibitors.
Highly Dispersive Gold Nanoparticles on Carbon Black for Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Reduction
Authors: Kim Yeomin , Jo Ara , Ha Yejin , Lee Yongjin , Lee Dongil , Lee Youngmi , Lee Chongmok 
Published: October 2018

AbstractHighly dispersive Au nanoparticles on carbon black (Au NPs/CB) were synthesized in situ with co‐present two different reducing agents of NaBH4 at various concentrations and citrate at a constant concentration of 3 mM. The average diameters of Au NPs on carbon support were in the range from 5.8 (±2.4) to 2.0 (±0.4) nm, with 50 particles quantified. Electrocatalytic activities of as‐prepared Au NPs/CB were explored for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in basic solution with rotating disk electrode (RDE) and rotating ring‐disk electrode (RRDE) voltammetry. In results, the Au NPs/CB synthesized with 0.2 mM NaBH4 (2.0 nm of Au NPs diameter) represented the highest ORR catalytic activity with electron transfer number of 3.9 and mass activity of 0.25 mA cm−2 μg−1as well as a perfect resistance to methanol contamination. Especially, the half‐wave potential of ORR curve which related to the kinetics of oxygen reduction was more positive compared with previously reported Au‐based ORR catalysts. In addition, the Au NPs/CB prepared with 0.2 mM NaBH4 was also examined as a CO2 reduction catalyst in KHCO3 with KCl solution with scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). CO2 was reduced to CO selectively without hydrogen evolution at Au NPs/CB substrate electrode, which was directly monitored with an electrochemical CO microsensor as a tip electrode in SECM. In addition, we have identified the products of CO2 reduction through gas chromatography (GC)‐mass spectrometry (MS), flame ionization detector (FID), and thermal conductivity detector (TCD).
Using an Electrochemical Aptasensor to Early Detect Prostate Specific and Free Prostate Specific Antigens Released by Cancer Cells
Authors: Parra João P. R. L. L. , Crulhas Bruno P. , Basso Caroline R. , Delella Flávia K. , Castro Gustavo R. , Pedrosa Valber A. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe detection of prostate cancer (PCa) in its early stage is essential to prevent metastasis. Patients who start their treatment earlier have greater chances to be cured; therefore, several research groups have been developing a simple and non‐invasive methodology to detect PCa. The aim of this article is to report a new method to detect prostate specific (PSA) and free prostate‐specific antigens (PSA) released by cancer cells based on the use of an aptasensor. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), EDS and cyclic voltammetry were the instruments adopted to assess the surface of the biosensor. According to our results, the aptasensor was highly sensitive and recorded linear response 1–100 ng/ml of PSA and fPSA and detection limit 1.1 ng/ml. Studies on interfering compounds such as human serum protein, ascorbic acid, uric acid and mucin type I have shown low correlation to the used aptamer. Thus, this biosensor could be adopted in the near future to early diagnose PCa.
A Li2S‐Based Sacrificial Layer for Stable Operation of Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Ren Y. X. , Zhao T. S. , Liu M. , Jiang H. R. , Xiong C. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe polysulfide shuttle effect forms a formidable barrier for lithium‐sulfur (Li−S) battery technology, as it results in serious side reactions on the anode surface and shortens the battery's cyclability. In this work, we propose a facile yet effective preparation of the Li2S‐based sacrificial layer (LSL) as the separator to retard polysulfide crossover. On one hand, before polysulfides (PS) reach the anode surface and react with Li metal, low‐order Li2S prefilled inside the porous separator can chemically interact with PS and sterically physically block PS diffusion. On the other hand, the loss of Li2S in LSL can be replenished by the chemical disproportion of polysulfides, rendering the LSL with excellent endurance over cycling. With the optimized LSL, the Li/polysulfide battery achieves a stabilized discharge capacity at 25 °C (>950 mAh g−1 for 300 cycles, 0.5 C) and demonstrates an excellent thermal stability even at 55 °C (>870 mAh g−1 for 150 cycles, 1 C). The strategy is further generalized to other sulfur based batteries (i. e. Na−S battery), offering new opportunities to improve high‐energy sulfur‐based energy storage technologies.
Mussel‐Inspired Nitrogen‐Doped Porous Carbon as Anode Materials for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Sheng Wenbo , Zhang Panpan , Li Wei , Zhang Tao , Tan Deming , Li Yang , Wang Faxing , Zhuang Xiaodong , Feng Xinliang , Jordan Rainer 
Published: October 2018

The two feasible approaches such as constructing a porous structure and doping with heteroatoms are used to improve the electrochemical performance of carbon as the anode material for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). A facile colloidal crystal templating method to prepare mussel‐inspired nitrogen‐doped porous carbon derived from polydopamine (N‐cPDA) for SIBs with superior electrochemical performance is demonstrated. The N‐cPDA is synthesized by carbonization of polydopamine (PDA) that is polymerized in the presence of self‐assembled poly (methyl methacrylate) particles. The N‐cPDA exhibits a high reversible capacity of 301 mAh g−1 at 0.03 A g−1 and a long cycle lifetime, retaining 80% of the initial capacity after 900 cycles. Furthermore, the first‐principle calculations are performed to evaluate the influences of the N‐doped porous structure on the Na+ diffusion barrier and electronic conductivity, which provides an insight into developing and designing the new anode materials for SIBs.
A point process analysis of cloud‐to‐ground lightning strikes in urban and rural Oklahoma areas
Authors: Hernandez‐Magallanes Irma , Genton Marc G. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractLightning is a natural event that can cause severe human and financial losses. This work introduces a probability risk assessment of the occurrence of the cloud‐to‐ground (CG) lightning in urban and rural areas of Oklahoma. CG lightning, although not the most common type, is the most damaging. Previous studies have reported that urban areas experience an increase in the frequency of CG lightning events, during warm months. This increase poses serious threats to urban industries and electronic systems. Lightning strikes are point process in nature, although this quality has not been exploited in previous studies. We utilize a probability model for the spatiotemporal point process of CG lightning to estimate the risk of a CG lightning strike for a particular location and time. The data are discretized into small spatiotemporal cells (voxels), and then, we fit a generalized additive model with a complementary log–log link function using the location and the day of occurrence of the strike as explanatories. On the basis of this model, we compared the urban and rural monthly fitted rates of CG lightning strikes. We found that the rate in the rural area is smaller than the rate in the Tulsa metropolitan area during the warm months; however, it is larger than the rate in the Oklahoma metropolitan area during May and June.
Determination of the effects of different high‐temperature treatments on texture and aroma characteristics in Alaska pollock surimi
Authors: Zhang Hua , Zhu Yaozhou , Chen Shi , Xu Changhua , Yu Yan , Wang Xichang , Shi Wenzheng 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis study tested the gel properties, quality of Alaska pollock surimi subjected to different temperature treatments. Results showed that when the heating temperature is 110°C, the water‐holding capacity (WHC) and texture of the surimi and gel strength increased, but as the heating temperature increased, the gel strength decreased significantly (p < 0.05), and ultimately destroyed. The heating temperature had no significant effect on the whiteness of the surimi gel, although it did have a significant effect on volatile components (p < 0.05). Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy suggested that with increasing temperature, protein secondary structure of the random coil received maximum damage, leading to protein aggregation and ultimately greatly reduced gel strength. At 100, 105, 110, 115, and 121°C, the surimi gel was determined 37, 46, 49, 52, and 56 volatile components, from of aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, hydrocarbons, and aromatic compounds. These results indicate that heat treatments have an important influence on the gel properties and volatile components of Alaskan pollock surimi gel, and the treatment parameters can be valuable for the production of ready‐to‐use minced fish products.
Ameliorative effect of Ruellia tuberosa L. on hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus and glucose uptake in mouse C2C12 myoblasts
Authors: Ko Chih‐Yuan , Lin Ru‐Hai , Zeng Yi‐Ming , Chang Wen‐Chang , Huang Da‐Wei , Wu James Swi‐Bea , Chang Yu‐Fang , Shen Szu‐Chuan 
Published: October 2018

AbstractRuellia tuberosa L. (RTL) exhibits a wide range of phytochemical activities, for example, on treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM), in Orient. There is, however, few study regarding the effect of RTL on glycemic‐related homeostasis in type 2 DM (T2DM). We investigated the effect of RTL aqueous and ethanolic extracts on hypoglycemia in high‐fat diet (HFD)‐fed plus streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced T2DM rats, and examined the effect of RTL on glucose uptake in tumor necrosis factor‐α‐induced insulin‐resistant mouse C2C12 myoblasts, a mouse skeletal muscle cell line. The administration of 100 or 400 mg kg BW−1 day−1 of RTL aqueous or ethanolic extracts once a day for 4 weeks significantly ameliorated hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and the insulin resistance (IR) index in diabetic rats. RTL either aqueous or ethanolic extract at a concentration of 25–800 μg/ml significantly improved glucose uptake in insulin‐resistant mouse C2C12 myoblasts, indicating inhibiting the IR in skeletal muscles. These evidences suggest that RTL ameliorates hyperglycemia in HFD/STZ‐induced T2DM rats may be attributed to the alleviation of IR in skeletal muscles.
Prognostic role of epiregulin/amphiregulin expression in recurrent/metastatic head and neck cancer treated with cetuximab
Authors: Kogashiwa Yasunao , Inoue Hitoshi , Kuba Kiyomi , Araki Ryuichiro , Yasuda Masanori , Nakahira Mitsuhiko , Sugasawa Masashi 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundCetuximab combined with chemoradiotherapy chemotherapy is the standard therapy for recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, survival benefit is limited. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of epiregulin (EREG) and amphiregulin (AREG), as predictive prognostic markers for the efficacy of cetuximab combined with chemotherapy in R/M HNSCC.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of 37 patients diagnosed with R/M HNSCC. Tumor samples were analyzed for EREG and AREG mRNA gene expression, and clinical outcomes evaluated.ResultsValues of EREG and AREG were associated with significantly longer overall survival (OS) (P = .03 and P = .01, respectively), as well as progression‐free survival (PFS) (P = .04 and P = .04, respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed that AREG expression was significantly associated with OS and PFS.ConclusionsPatients with recurrent/metastatic HNSCC with higher EREG and AREG gene expression appear to benefit more from cetuximab combined with chemoradiotherapy chemotherapy than those with lower expression.