bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
You Are Who You Think You Are: Linked Fate and Vote Choices among Latino Voters
Authors: Escaleras Monica , Kim Dukhong , Wagner Kevin M. 
Published: August 2019

Eres quien crees ser: destino compartido y opciones electorales entre votantes latinosAnalistas de la política americana han considerado por mucho tiempo el creciente poder de la población latina en los Estados Unidos como una variable significativa de las elecciones. No obstante, el supuesto de que los latinos comparten perspectivas y comportamientos políticos similares permanece en el mejor de los casos indeterminado con resultados mixtos. En esta investigación, usamos datos originales para probar si el votante latino actúa basado en la perspectiva de que su destino individual está conectado con el destino de su grupo de adscripción racial o étnico o si actúa basado en su propio interés. Ponemos a prueba estas motivaciones/proclividades en dos elecciones. Nuestros hallazgos muestran que la identidad del grupo es un predictor significativo del comportamiento electoral de los latinos.
The evolution and application of carrying capacity in aquaculture: towards a research agenda
Authors: Weitzman Jenny , Filgueira Ramón 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCarrying capacity has become a fundamental concept within the context of environmental management. Carrying capacity for aquaculture has been studied since the 1960s and has attracted a dedicated literature focused on measuring the environmental and production limits of aquaculture developments. Nevertheless, management and policy face emerging challenges across environmental and social aspects and the growing need to manage multiple objectives in increasingly crowded aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, promoting more sustainable aquaculture development should consider how the tools, methods and research used to support management and decision‐making should advance to meet such challenges. Here, the conceptual and practical applications of carrying capacity are reviewed and future prospects discussed. Carrying capacity for aquaculture has developed a range of models, indicators and approaches to study the relationships between aquaculture and ecosystem components. Carrying capacity supports diverse management objectives to support physical, production, ecological and social goals, although greater emphasis has focused on ecological and production capacities. This review introduces research needs and strategies to advance methods and tools and improve carrying capacity utilization for more holistic, ecosystem‐based aquaculture decision‐making. This paper presents a five‐pillar research agenda for carrying capacity that (i) recognizes system complexity and is (ii) policy‐relevant, (iii) adaptive, (iv) interdisciplinary and (v) meaningful. By promoting knowledge uptake and addressing literature gaps, the proposed agenda could help operationalize a holistic approach to managing for aquaculture sustainability.
Outcome-Dependent Sampling in Cluster-Correlated Data Settings with Application to Hospital Profiling
Authors: McGee Glen , Schildcrout Jonathan , Normand Sharon-Lise , Haneuse Sebastien 
Published: August 2019

SummaryHospital readmission is a key marker of quality of healthcare and an important policy measure, used by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services to determine, in part, reimbursement rates. Currently, analyses of readmissions are based on a logistic–normal generalized linear mixed model that permits estimation of hospital-specific measures while adjusting for case mix differences. Recent moves to identify and address healthcare disparities call for expanding case mix adjustment to include measures of socio-economic status while minimizing additional burden to hospitals associated with collecting data on such measures. Towards resolving this dilemma, we propose that detailed socio-economic data be collected on a subsample of patients via an outcome-dependent sampling scheme, specifically the cluster-stratified case–control design. Estimation and inference, for both the fixed and the random-effects components, are performed via pseudo-maximum-likelihood wherein inverse probability weights are incorporated in the usual integrated likelihood to account for the design. In comprehensive simulations, cluster-stratified case–control sampling proves to be an efficient design whenever interest lies in fixed or random effects of a generalized linear mixed model and covariates are unobserved or expensive to collect. The methods are motivated by and illustrated with an analysis of N = 889661 Medicare beneficiaries hospitalized between 2011 and 2013 with congestive heart failure at one of K = 3116 hospitals. Results highlight that the framework proposed provides a means of mitigating disparities in terms of which hospitals are indicated as being poor performers, relative to a naive analysis that fails to adjust for missing case mix variables.
One‐step deposition of nano‐to‐micron‐scalable, high‐quality digital image correlation patterns for high‐strain in‐situ multi‐microscopy testing
Authors: Hoefnagels J.P.M. , van Maris M.P.F.H.L. , Vermeij T. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDigital image correlation (DIC) is of vital importance in the field of experimental mechanics, yet producing suitable DIC patterns for demanding in‐situ (micro)mechanical tests remains challenging, especially for ultrafine patterns, despite the large number of patterning techniques reported in the literature. Therefore, we propose a simple, flexible, one‐step technique (only requiring a conventional physical vapour deposition machine) to obtain scalable, high‐quality, robust DIC patterns, suitable for a range of microscopic techniques, by deposition of a low‐melting temperature solder alloy in the so‐called island growth mode, without elevating the substrate temperature. Proof of principle is shown by (near‐)room temperature deposition of InSn patterns, yielding highly dense, homogeneous DIC patterns over large areas with a feature size that can be tuned from as small as ~10 nm to ~2 μm and with control over the feature shape and density by changing the deposition parameters. Pattern optimisation, in terms of feature size, density, and contrast, is demonstrated for imaging with atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, optical profilometry, and optical microscopy. Moreover, the performance of the InSn DIC patterns and their robustness to large deformations is validated in two challenging case studies of in‐situ micromechanical testing: (a) self‐adaptive isogeometric digital height correlation of optical surface height profiles of a coarse, bimodal InSn pattern providing microscopic 3D deformation fields (illustrated for delamination of Al stretchable interconnects on a PI substrate) and (b) DIC on scanning electron microscopy images of a much finer InSn pattern allowing quantification of high strains near fracture locations (illustrated for rupture of a polycrystalline Fe foil). As such, the high controllability, performance, and scalability of the DIC patterns, created by island growth of a solder alloy, offer a promising step towards more routine DIC‐based in‐situ micromechanical testing.
Serological evidence of Borrelia circulation among blood donors in the São Paulo state, Brazil
Authors: Slavov S. N. , Christova I. S. , Ferreira A. R. , Rodrigues E. S. , Bianquini M. L. , Hespanhol M. R. , Covas D. T. , Kashima S. 
Published: August 2019

SUMMARYObjectiveThe objective of this study was to examine the Borrelia seroprevalence among blood donors in Southeast Brazil.BackgroundThere is evidence that Borrelia spirochetes are circulating in Brazil; however, there are no studies that characterise these bacteria and investigate their seroprevalence in the Brazilian population. Such a situation, combined with a recent outbreak of tick‐borne Rocky Mountain spotted fever in the São Paulo state demonstrates the increasing role of ticks as arthropod vectors in Brazil.MethodsFor the purpose of the study, 452 blood donors from Ribeirão Preto city, São Paulo state were tested using anti‐Borrelia immunoglobulin G (IgG) assay. The positive results were also confirmed by Western blot for anti‐borrelia IgM/IgG.ResultsThe anti‐Borrelia IgG enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) showed nine positive and nine borderline reactive samples, giving a total seroprevalence of 2·0% of anti‐Borrelia IgG among Brazilian blood donors. The confirmation of the seropositive and borderline samples by Borrelia Western blot was demonstrated by IgG‐positive results in 16 samples (a seroprevalence of 3.5%). Anti‐Borrelia IgM antibodies were also detected in one sample.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that Borrelia‐like spirochetes may be circulating among blood donors from the São Paulo State and that the ticks have an important epidemiological role as vectors of bacterial infections in this Brazilian region. These results not only alert us to possible actions that might be undertaken in order to completely characterise the aetiological agents of Lyme‐like syndromes in Brazil but also the possible impact that these bacterial agents might have on haemotherapy practices.
Cannabis glandular trichomes alter morphology and metabolite content during flower maturation
Authors: Livingston Samuel J. , Quilichini Teagen D. , Booth Judith K. , Wong Darren C. J. , Rensing Kim H. , Laflamme‐Yonkman Jessica , Castellarin Simone D. , Bohlmann Joerg , Page Jonathan E. , Samuels A. Lacey 
Published: August 2019

SummaryThe cannabis leaf is iconic, but it is the flowers of cannabis that are consumed for the psychoactive and medicinal effects of their specialized metabolites. Cannabinoid metabolites, together with terpenes, are produced in glandular trichomes. Superficially, stalked and sessile trichomes in cannabis only differ in size and whether they have a stalk. The objectives of this study were: to define each trichome type using patterns of autofluorescence and secretory cell numbers, to test the hypothesis that stalked trichomes develop from sessile‐like precursors, and to test whether metabolic specialization occurs in cannabis glandular trichomes. A two‐photon microscopy technique using glandular trichome intrinsic autofluorescence was developed which demonstrated that stalked glandular trichomes possessed blue autofluorescence correlated with high cannabinoid levels. These stalked trichomes had 12–16 secretory disc cells and strongly monoterpene‐dominant terpene profiles. In contrast, sessile trichomes on mature flowers and vegetative leaves possessed red‐shifted autofluorescence, eight secretory disc cells and less monoterpene‐dominant terpene profiles. Moreover, intrinsic autofluorescence patterns and disc cell numbers supported a developmental model where stalked trichomes develop from apparently sessile trichomes. Transcriptomes of isolated floral trichomes revealed strong expression of cannabinoid and terpene biosynthetic genes, as well as uncharacterized genes highly co‐expressed withCBDAsynthase. Identification and characterization of two previously unknown and highly expressed monoterpene synthases highlighted the metabolic specialization of stalked trichomes for monoterpene production. These unique properties and highly expressed genes of cannabis trichomes determine the medicinal, psychoactive and sensory properties of cannabis products.
Asymmetric cultural discounting and pattern of trade in cultural products: Empirical evidence in motion pictures
Authors: Shin Sunny Y. , McKenzie Jordi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe extend the seminal home market effect model of Helpman and Krugman (Market structure and foreign trade, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1985) by incorporating asymmetric cultural discounting. In addition to the home market effect, our model predicts that a country subject to a relatively lower cultural discount factor becomes a net exporter as trade liberalisation accelerates. Using international box office revenues in the motion picture industry and developing a measure of asymmetric cultural discount based on tourist‐arrival statistics, we find empirical support for this hypothesis. Our model provides an explanation for the continued cultural dominance of smaller English‐speaking countries in larger non‐English‐speaking countries, which cannot be explained by the home market effect alone.
Effect of single dose administration activated charcoal containing sorbitol on serum sodium concentration and hydration status in dogs
Authors: Mix Katherine A. , Stafford Jennifer , Hofmeister Erik 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the administration of a commercially available activated charcoal suspension with sorbitol (ACS) on serum sodium concentrations and hydration status in healthy dogs.DesignProspective study.SettingPrivate referral hospital.AnimalsNine healthy adult dogs.InterventionsDogs were administered 1 mg/kg maropitant (Cerenia; Pfizer Animal Health, New York, NY) intravenously 1 hour prior to charcoal administration. Dogs were administered a single dose of 2 g/kg ACS.Measurements and Main ResultsBlood samples and body weights were obtained prior to charcoal administration and 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 hours post ACS administration. Venous sodium, potassium, chloride, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, lactate, packed cell volume, and total plasma protein were measured at each time interval. All dogs returned 2–4 weeks after ACS administration for a 12 hour period of water restriction and to serve as their own control group. The same measurements were repeated during water restriction period as following ACS administration. The increase in serum sodium concentration was significantly higher following ACS administration when compared to control period (P = 0.0002). All dogs administered ACS experienced a significant degree of weight loss (P = 0.0371) when compared to the control period. Following administration of ACS, the hematocrit of the dogs administered ACS was found to be significantly increased (P = 0.0001), when compared to the control period.ConclusionPatients that are administered a single dose of ACS are at risk of developing dehydration and secondary hypernatremia as observed in the dogs during the study period. Patients receiving ACS should have electrolytes monitored and would benefit from fluid therapy as previously recommended.
Changes in skin blood flow, respiration and blood pressure in participants reporting motion sickness during sinusoidal galvanic vestibular stimulation
Authors: Javaid Anadil , Chouhna Houda , Varghese Ben , Hammam Elie , Macefield Vaughan G. 
Published: August 2019

New Findings
What is the central question of the study?
We have previously shown that sinusoidal galvanic vestibular stimulation induces greater modulation of skin sympathetic nerve activity, but not muscle sympathetic nerve activity, in participants who report nausea during simulated motion, but the effects on skin blood flow and blood pressure are unknown.

What is the main finding and its importance?
During vestibular stimulation, nausea was associated with a greater increase in skin blood flow and a progressive reduction in skin sympathetic nerve activity, but no changes in muscle sympathetic nerve activity. This emphasizes the differential changes in sympathetic outflow to different tissues during nausea.

AbstractWe tested the hypothesis that galvanic vestibular stimulation, which produces illusions of side‐to‐side swaying, causes a greater reduction in skin blood flow in participants who report stimulation‐induced nausea. A retrospective analysis was performed on data obtained in 30 participants. Bipolar sinusoidal galvanic vestibular stimulation (sGVS) was applied across the mastoid processes (±2 mA, 0.08 Hz) for 21 min. ECG, continuous blood pressure, respiration and skin blood flow were recorded. Muscle sympathetic nerve activity was recorded in 17 participants and skin sympathetic nerve activity in 12. Ten participants reported motion sickness, whereas 20 did not. Both groups showed an initial reduction in skin (finger) blood flow during sGVS, followed by a sustained increase and a subsequent return towards baseline levels throughout the stimulation; the increase was greater in those who experienced nausea. The increase fits with the progressive reduction in skin sympathetic nerve activity observed in the nauseous group. Mean blood pressure was significantly lower in those who experienced nausea and showed a much larger increase at the onset of sGVS, compared with those who did not. Moreover, the respiratory rate was higher at the outset for the subjects who experienced nausea, decreasing progressively during sGVS, whereas respiratory rate remained constant in those who did not experience nausea. Heart rate was more labile in the subjects who experienced nausea, showing a sustained increase towards the end of stimulation. We have shown that several autonomic parameters change during the nausea induced by vestibular stimulation, but a sustained decrease in skin blood flow is not a hallmark of incipient motion sickness.
Sedentary and Physical Activity Behavior in “Blue-Collar” Workers: A Systematic Review of Accelerometer Studies
Authors: Gilson Nicholas D. , Hall Caitlin , Holtermann Andreas , van der Beek Allard J. , Huysmans Maaike A. , Mathiassen Svend Erik , Straker Leon 
Published: August 2019

Background: This systematic review assessed evidence on the accelerometer-measured sedentary and physical activity (PA) behavior of nonoffice workers in “blue-collar” industries. Methods: The databases CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, PubMed, and Scopus were searched up to April 6, 2018. Eligibility criteria were accelerometer-measured sedentary, sitting, and/or PA behaviors in “blue-collar” workers (≥10 participants; agricultural, construction, cleaning, manufacturing, mining, postal, or transport industries). Data on participants’ characteristics, study protocols, and measured behaviors during work and/or nonwork time were extracted. Methodologic quality was assessed using a 12-item checklist. Results: Twenty studies (representing 11 data sets), all from developed world economies, met inclusion criteria. The mean quality score for selected studies was 9.5 (SD 0.8) out of a maximum of 12. Data were analyzed using a range of analytical techniques (eg, accelerometer counts or pattern recognition algorithms). “Blue-collar” workers were more sedentary and less active during nonwork compared with work time (eg, sitting 5.7 vs 3.2 h/d; moderate to vigorous PA 0.5 vs 0.7 h/d). Drivers were the most sedentary (work time 5.1 h/d; nonwork time 8.2 h/d). Conclusions: High levels of sedentary time and insufficient PA to offset risk are health issues for “blue-collar” workers. To better inform interventions, research groups need to adopt common measurement and reporting methodologies.
A genetic link between iron oxide-apatite and iron skarn mineralization in the Jinniu volcanic basin, Daye district, eastern China: Evidence from magnetite geochemistry and multi-mineral U-Pb geochronology
Authors: Hu Hao , Li Jian-Wei , Harlov Daniel E. , Lentz David R. , McFarlane Christopher R.M. , Yang Yue-Heng 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Various styles of ore deposits may form from a single magmatic-hydrothermal system. Identification of a possible genetic link between different ore types in a region is not only of critical importance for a better understanding of the magmatic-hydrothermal processes, but can also help in successful mineral exploration. Both iron oxide-apatite (IOA) and iron skarn deposits are closely associated with intrusive rocks of intermediate to felsic in composition, but whether these two ore types can form from the same magmatic intrusion remains poorly understood. In this study, we present a comparative study between a newly identified subsurface IOA ore body located at the apex of a diorite porphyry and the iron skarn ore bodies located immediately above it in the Jinniu volcanic basin of the Daye district, Middle-Lower Yangtze River metallogenetic belt (MLYRMB), eastern China in order to highlight a genetic link between these two styles of mineralization. The IOA ores are dominated by Ti-rich magnetite with variable amounts of fluorapatite, diopside, and actinolite. This mineralogical assemblage is distinctly different from the iron skarn ores, which consist mainly of Ti-depleted magnetite and subordinate pre-ore garnet and diopside, and post-ore quartz, chlorite, calcite, and pyrite. In addition, magnetite from the IOA ores is characterized by well-developed ilmenite lamellae and has high concentrations of Ni, V, Co, and Ga, consistent with high temperature crystallization, whereas magnetite grains from the iron skarn ores usually exhibit oscillatory growth zones and contain much lower Ni, V, Co, and Ga, indicating their formation under relatively low temperatures. Titanite and fluorapatite from the IOA ores have U-Pb ages of 132.5 ± 2.4 Ma to 128.4 ± 3.0 Ma, which match a titanite U-Pb age for the associated iron skarn ores (132.3 ± 2.0 Ma), and are consistent with zircon U-Pb ages for the ore-hosting diorite porphyry (130.4 ± 0.7 Ma to 130.3 ± 0.5 Ma). This age consistency supports a possible genetic link among the diorite porphyry, IOA ores, and iron skarn ores. We propose that the IOA and skarn ores are the products of two consecutive mineralization stages of the same magmatic-hydrothermal system, involving a high-temperature, hypersaline fluid coexisting with the diorite porphyry magma during emplacement and a subsequent low temperature, diluted hydrothermal fluid. Other IOA and iron skarn deposits of similar ages (130 Ma) are found in a series of volcanic basins in the MLYRMB, which forms one of the world’s largest IOA metallogenic belts. The close association of the two ore styles identified at Daye provides a useful exploration guide for IOA and iron skarn deposits both on a local and regional scale.
Linking the progressive expansion of reducing conditions to a stepwise mass extinction event in the late Silurian oceans
Authors: Bowman Chelsie N. , Young Seth A. , Kaljo Dimitri , Eriksson Mats E. , Them Theodore R. , Hints Olle , Martma Tõnu , Owens Jeremy D. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe late Ludlow Lau Event was a severe biotic crisis in the Silurian, characterized by resurgent microbial facies and faunal turnover rates otherwise only documented during the “big five” mass extinctions. This asynchronous late Silurian marine extinction event preceded an associated positive carbon isotope excursion (CIE), the Lau CIE, although a mechanism for this temporal offset remains poorly constrained. Here, we report thallium isotope data from locally reducing late Ludlow strata within the Baltic Basin to document the earliest onset of global marine deoxygenation. The initial expansion of anoxia coincided with the onset of the extinction and therefore preceded the Lau CIE. Additionally, sulfur isotope data record a large positive excursion parallel to the Lau CIE, interpreted to indicate an increase in pyrite burial associated with the widely documented CIE. This suggests a possible global expansion of euxinia (anoxic and sulfidic water column) following deoxygenation. These data are the most direct proxy evidence of paleoredox conditions linking the known extinction to the Lau CIE through the progressive expansion of anoxia, and most likely euxinia, across portions of the late Silurian oceans.