bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of wet-pressing induced fiber hornification on hydrogen bonds of cellulose and on properties of eucalyptus paper sheets
Authors: Chen Yangmei , Jiang Yu , Wan Jinquan , Wu Qitang , Wei Zebin , Ma Yongwen 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe supramolecular structure of eucalyptus pulp cellulose was studied by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and water retention value (WRV) after subjecting the pulp to pressures of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 MPa. It was interpreted from the FTIR spectra of the sheets after pressing that the amount of intermolecular hydrogen bonds (HBinter) first increased and then decreased as a function of increasing pressure, while the number of the intramolecular hydrogen bonding (HBintra) exhibited an opposite trend. In the pressed fibers, the number of HBintraO(6)H· · ·O(3′) increased by 16% compared to the un-pressed fibers, while the number of HBinterO(2)H· · ·O(6) and O(3)H· · ·O(5) decreased by 23% at 0.3 MPa. XRD analysis showed that the crystallite size corresponding to the diffraction peaks for (002) lattice planes and the crystallinity of eucalyptus fibers were the lowest at a pressure of 0.3 MPa. Pressing produced an irreversible reduction of fiber pore volume, which was manifested by reduced WRV data.
Breakdown Cause and Effect Analysis. Case Study
Authors: Biały Witold , Ružbarský Juraj 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Every company must ensure that the production process proceeds without interferences. Within this article, the author uses the term “interferences” in reference to unplanned stoppages caused by breakdowns. Unfortunately, usually due to machine operators’ mistakes, machines break, which causes stoppages thus generating additional costs for the company. This article shows a cause and effect analysis of a breakdown in a production process. The FMEA as well as quality management tools: the Ishikawa diagram and Pareto chart were used for the analysis. Correction measures were presented which allowed for a significant reduction in the number of stoppages caused by breakdowns.
R&D in Poland: Is the Country Close to a Knowledge-Driven Economy?
Authors: Chybowska Dorota , Chybowski Leszek , Souchkov Valeri 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Poland has a strong ambition to evolve rapidly into a knowledge-driven economy. Since 2004, it has been the largest beneficiary of European Union cohesion policy funds among all member states. Between 2007 and 2013, Poland was allocated approximately EUR 67 billion, whereas for 2014-2020 the EU budget earmarked EUR 82.5 billion for Polish cohesion policy. This means that in the coming years, Poland’s R&D intensity will grow. But the question remains: is 27 years of free market economy enough to enable a country’s economy to become knowledge-based ? This paper offers an analysis of Polish R&D expenditures and investments in terms of their sources (business, government or higher education sectors), types (European Union or state aid) and areas of support (infrastructure, education or innovation). It also characterises the Polish R&D market with its strengths and weaknesses. Then, it examines the process of technology transfer in Poland, comparing it to best practice. Finally, the paper lays out the barriers to effective commercialisation that need to be overcome, and attempts to answer the question raised in its title.
Building an Ecosystem for a New Engineering Program
Authors: Grebski Wieslaw , Grebski Michalene Eva 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Penn State Hazleton has recently developed and implemented a new Engineering program with a focus on energy efficiency and energy sustainability. To accelerate the implementation cycle of the program, it was necessary to very rapidly create and establish the components of an ecosystem needed for the Engineering program to prosper and grow. This paper describes the individual components of the ecosystem as well as the methods used to establish them. The paper also discusses the different initiatives to increase enrollment as well as placement rates for graduates. Continuous quality improvement procedure applied to maintain the quality of the program is also being discussed.
Electro-osmotic flow of a third-grade fluid past a channel having stretching walls
Authors: Parida Mamata , Padhy Sudarsan 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The electro-osmotic flow of a third grade fluid past a channel having stretching walls has been studied in this paper. The channel height is taken much greater than the thickness of the electric double layer comprising of the Stern and diffuse layers. The equations governing the flow are obtained from continuity equation, the Cauchy’s momentum equation and the Poisson-Boltzmann equation. The Debye-Hückel approximation is adopted to linearize the Poisson-Boltzmann equation. Suitable similarity transformations are used to reduce the resulting non-linear partial differential equation to ordinary differential equation. The reduced equation is solved numerically using damped Newton’s method. The results computed are presented in form of graphs.
Chebyshev Operational Matrix Method for Lane-Emden Problem
Authors: Sharma Bhuvnesh , Kumar Sunil , Paswan M.K. , Mahato Dindayal 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn the this paper, a new modified method is proposed for solving linear and nonlinear Lane-Emden type equations using first kind Chebyshev operational matrix of differentiation. The properties of first kind Chebyshev polynomial and their shifted polynomial are first presented. These properties together with the operation matrix of differentiation of first kind Chebyshev polynomial are utilized to obtain numerical solutions of a class of linear and nonlinear LaneEmden type singular initial value problems (IVPs). The absolute error of this method is graphically presented. The proposed framework is different from other numerical methods and can be used in differential equations of the same type. Several examples are illuminated to reveal the accuracy and validity of the proposed method.
Development of Diagnostic SNP Markers To Monitor Hybridization Between Sika Deer (Cervus nippon) and Wapiti (Cervus elaphus)
Authors: Ba Hengxing , Li Zhipeng , Yang Yifeng , Li Chunyi 
Published: May 2018

AbstractSika deer (Cervus Nippon) and wapiti (Cervus elaphus) are closely related species and their hybridization can result in significant allele-shift of their gene pool. Additive genetic effects and putative heterotic effects of their hybridization on growth performance could confer considerable economic advantage in deer farming. Here, we used double-digest restriction site-associated DNA sequencing technology (ddRAD-seq) and detected ∼320,000 genome-wide SNPs from 30 captive individuals: 7 sika deer, 6 wapiti and 17 F1 hybrids (reciprocal cross). By screening observed heterozygosity of each SNP across four taxonomic groups, we report for the first time a resource of 2,015 putative diagnostic SNP markers (species-specific SNPs for sika deer and wapiti), which can be used to design tools for assessing or monitoring the degree of hybridization between sika deer and wapiti. These ddRAD-seq data and SNP datasets are also valuable resources for genome-wide studies, including trait discovery for breeders of domestic deer.
ДИНАМІКА РАДІАЛЬНОГО ПРИРОСТУ СТОВБУРІВ ДЕРЕВ В ОКРЕМИХ ЛІСОРОСЛИННИХ УМОВАХ НА ОСУШЕНИХ ЛІСОВИХ ДІЛЯНКАХ РІВНЕНЩИНИ
Authors: Khomiuk P.G. , Maksimov S.O. 
Published: May 2018

Проаналізовано кількісні показники осушувальних меліорацій. Встановлено типологічну структуру насаджень на осушених лісових ділянках Рівненської обл. Досліджено особливості динаміки радіального приросту стовбурів дерев сосни звичайної та вільхи чорної на осушених лісових ділянках.Виявлено найбільш поширені типи лісорослинних умов, деревостани яких зазнали впливу гідротехнічних меліорацій. Встановлено циклічну залежність між коливаннями величини радіального приросту і періодами інтенсивних робіт з осушення земельних ділянок. Після виконання меліоративних робіт радіальний приріст стовбурів сосни звичайної мав тенденцію до зростання, а для вільхи чорної – до спадання.
THE EFFECT OF SULPHUR FERTILISATION ON THE GROWTH AND YIELDS OF FORAGE MAIZE
Authors: Bury M. , Stankowski S. , Hury G. , Dawidowski А. , Opatowicz N. , Sobolewska M. , Kowalewska R. , Bashutska U. 
Published: May 2018

Field experiment was carried out during the growing season in 2014 year on the soil of good rye complex in Experimental Research Station in Lipnik near Stargard. It was examined three variants of fertilisation: 0 – control (KP), N – (KP+N) and S – (KP+N+S). The maize, cultivar P8609, developed very well and responded positively to the fertilisation. Fertilisation with nitrogen and sulphur, as a calcium sulphate containing 17 % sulphur (= 42.5 % SO3) (variant S), as by-product from industrial Flue-gas desulphurisation, had a positive influence on the biometric features of maize plants (height, height to the first cob and thickness of the stems) and physiological parameters (SPAD – leaf greenness index and the assimilation area index – LAI). We found a significant effect of fertilisation with nitrogen and sulphur, as a calcium sulphate (variant S), on yield of fresh mass. There has been an increase of approx. 8 %, from 48.6 t·ha-1 in the variant N (PK+N) to 52.6 t·ha-1. Also the yield of dry mass increased from approx. 25.2 t·ha-1 on the variant N (PK+N) to 25.3 t·ha-1 (variant S). The evaluated grain yield of maize increased from approx. 10 (variant N) to 10.7 t·ha-1, i.e. of 8 %, after using of nitrogen and sulphur fertilisers (variant S).
Clientelismo y Sistema Político. El Caso del Servicio Exterior Costarricense (1940-1990). Algunos Apuntes Preliminares.
Authors: Cascante Segura Carlos Humberto 
Published: May 2018

Este artículo analiza a grandes rasgos las relaciones entre sistema político y servicio exterior, mediante el concepto de clientelismo empleado en las Ciencias Políticas. El objetivo central es determinar la existencia de un sistema clientelar que permitió el desarrollo de un modelo político durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX, a partir del estudio de la integración y patrones seguidos por el grupo de personas que desempeñaron el cargo de jefes de misión. Desde esta perspectiva el estudio sugiere la existencia de ese sistema, así como ciertas pautas que pueden explican su éxito y funcionamiento.
Costa Rica: Colonia y Nación en la mirada de José María Figueroa Oreamuno (1820-1900)
Authors: Sáenz Shelby Gabriela 
Published: May 2018

Situaré algunas reflexiones generales en torno a la importancia de las imágenes como fuentes primarias para la investigación histórica utilizando como referencia la selección digital de las imágenes del Álbum de Figueroa.
TRANSACCIONES INMOBILARIAS REALIZADAS EN COSTA RICA DURANTE EL PERIODO 1800-1850
Authors: Montero Carlos , Zúñiga Manuel 
Published: May 2018

Este artículo es un breve informe del proceso de elaboración de una base de datos histórica que contempla todas las transacciones de bienes inmuebles durante la Costa Rica de la primera mitad del siglo XIX. En el mismo se explica paso a paso el proceso de elaboración y la estructura de la Base de Datos “Transacciones inmobiliarias en Costa Rica durante 1800-1850”, la metodología, su importancia, sus aportes y limitaciones.
“Feminidad y masculinidad en dos escuelas particulares de Colima, México (1906-1949)”
Authors: Acuña Cepeda Mirtea Elizabeth , Preciado Cortés Florentina 
Published: May 2018

Este trabajo se considera un avance de investigación, ya que en él se presenta sólo una parte deun proyecto sobre historia de la educación privada en Colima, como parte de la línea de géneroe historia de la educación. En este se analiza, desde la perspectiva de género, el fenómeno de laeducación elemental de las y los jóvenes de la ciudad de Colima, en dos escuelas particulares,ambas iniciaron actividades académicas durante la primera mitad del siglo XX y prestaban sus servicios escolares en la década de los años 1950s. Estas escuelas gozaron y aún gozan de aceptación y reconocimiento por la sociedad colimense, por su nivel académico y por las ideas y valores que inculcan en su alumnado.
Las visitas pastorales como fuente para el estudio de la historia de la metereología en Costa Rica (1850 - 1921)
Authors: Díaz Bolaños Ronald Eduardo 
Published: May 2018

Las crónicas de las visitas pastorales han sido una fuente de datos para la investigación histórica porque en ellas se describen aspectos sociales, económicos, políticos y culturales de las localidades que eran objeto de visita por parte de los obispos ordinarios de las diócesis. Sin embargo, en estos relatos hay constancia de aspectos relacionados con el estado del tiempo y el clima de los sitios visitados. Para el caso de Costa Rica, los libros de visitas pastorales conservados en el Archivo Histórico Arquidiocesano Mons. Bernardo Augusto Thiel Hoffmann proveen valiosos datos sobre aspectos cualitativos del tiempo y del clima de numerosas localidades y regiones de los que no existen registros meteorológicos obtenidos mediante el uso de instrumentos especializados, por lo que la recopilación de esta información permite reconstruir las percepciones y representaciones del tiempo y del clima de los sitios visitados por los obispos de la Diócesis de San José de Costa Rica durante el período 1850-1921.
La celebración de los quince años: Una ventana al mundo social y cultural de los adolescentes costarricenses (1951-1971).
Authors: Salazar Corrales Zaira 
Published: May 2018

El presente artículo describe las principales características de los anuncios sobre la celebración de los quince años, que se publicaron en la prensa costarricense en el período que va de 1951 a 1971. A partir de estos anuncios, se intenta determinar cuáles eran los grupos sociales que anunciaban en prensa la celebración de los quince años de sus jóvenes y se analiza cuál era la importancia que tenía para éstos la difusión pública de dicho acontecimiento. Finalmente se intenta determinar la ubicación geográfica de las jóvenes ahí anunciadas.
Distinct patterns of Internet and smartphone-related problems among adolescents by gender: Latent class analysis
Authors: Lee Seung-Yup , Lee Donghwan , Nam Cho Rong , Kim Da Yea , Park Sera , Kwon Jun-Gun , Kweon Yong-Sil , Lee Youngjo , Kim Dai Jin , Choi Jung-Seok 
Published: May 2018

Background and objectives
The ubiquitous Internet connections by smartphones weakened the traditional boundaries between computers and mobile phones. We sought to explore whether smartphone-related problems differ from those of computer use according to gender using latent class analysis (LCA).

Methods
After informed consents, 555 Korean middle-school students completed surveys on gaming, Internet use, and smartphone usage patterns. They also completed various psychosocial instruments. LCA was performed for the whole group and by gender. In addition to ANOVA and χ2 tests, post-hoc tests were conducted to examine differences among the LCA subgroups.

Results
In the whole group (n = 555), four subtypes were identified: dual-problem users (49.5%), problematic Internet users (7.7%), problematic smartphone users (32.1%), and “healthy” users (10.6%). Dual-problem users scored highest for addictive behaviors and other psychopathologies. The gender-stratified LCA revealed three subtypes for each gender. With dual-problem and healthy subgroup as common, problematic Internet subgroup was classified in the males, whereas problematic smartphone subgroup was classified in the females in the gender-stratified LCA. Thus, distinct patterns were observed according to gender with higher proportion of dual-problem present in males. While gaming was associated with problematic Internet use in males, aggression and impulsivity demonstrated associations with problematic smartphone use in females.

Conclusions
An increase in the number of digital media-related problems was associated with worse outcomes in various psychosocial scales. Gaming may play a crucial role in males solely displaying Internet-related problems. The heightened impulsivity and aggression seen in our female problematic smartphone users requires further research.
Prevalence of gambling-related harm provides evidence for the prevention paradox
Authors: Browne Matthew , Rockloff Matthew J. 
Published: May 2018

Background
The prevention paradox (PP) describes a situation in which a greater number of cases of a disease-state come from low-risk members of a population, because they are more prevalent than high-risk members. Past research has provided only tangential and disputed evidence to support the application of the PP to gambling-related harm.

Aims
To assess whether the PP applies to gambling, the prevalence of a large set (72) of diverse harmful consequences from gambling was examined across four risk categories for problem gambling, including no-risk, low-risk, moderate-risk, and problem-gambling.

Methods
Respondents who had gambled on non-lottery forms in the past 6 months completed an online survey (N = 1,524, 49.4% male). The data were weighted to the known prevalence of gambling problems in the Victorian community.

Results
The prevalence of gambling harms, including severe harms, was generally higher in the combined categories of lower risk categories compared to the high-risk problem-gambling category. There were some notable exceptions, however, for some severe and rare harms. Nevertheless, the majority of harms in the 72-item list, including serious harms such as needing temporary accommodation, emergency welfare assistance, experiencing separation or end of a relationship, loss of a job, needing to sell personal items, and experiencing domestic violence from gambling, were more commonly associated with lower risk gamblers.

Conclusion
Many significant harms are concentrated outside the ranks of gamblers with a severe mental health condition, which supports a public-health approach to ameliorating gambling-related harm.
University Mergers: The Implications for Students
Authors: Romanenko Ksenia 
Published: May 2018

The “human factor”, i. e. the conflict and protest behavior of students and faculty, often becomes a key problem during and after university consolidations. This paper provides an insight into reorganization-related university transformations that are perceived as tangible and important by students, approaching the issue from the viewpoint of the radical organizational change theory. Four cases of Russian university mergers are investigated. Data btained from individual and group interviews with students who attended the universities during the reorganization is used to build clusters of “formal” and “informal” changes that the students tagged as the most important. It transpired that students cared most about changes in the perceived value of their graduate diplomas and their potential status as prospective graduates of a particular university. Meanwhile, the content of education programs and the objective university performance indicators were rarely mentioned by students when they were talking about the possible gains and losses that reorganization could bring about. Instead, they would often refer to changes in the educational process, formal and informal communication within the university, and the university culture and spirit. The findings reveal university characteristics which matter most to students in the case of university reorganization and which thus should be considered when planning and implementing university consolidations.
Identifikasi Molekuler Bakteri Endofit Mangrove Rizhopora mucronata Penghasil Gelatinase (MMP2)
Authors: Nursyam Happy , Prihanto Asep Awaludin 
Published: May 2018

Gelatinase adalah salah satu jenis keberagaman dari kelompok protease. Enzim metallo-endopeptidase ekstraseluler atau metaloproteinase mampu menghidrolisis gelatin. Enzim gelatinase menghidrolisis gelatin menjadi hidrolisat gelatin. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengisolasi bakteri endofit yang menghasilkan enzim gelatinase yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk keperluan industri. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan beberapa tahapan yaitu pengambilan dan preparasi sampel, skrinning gelatinase, seleksi strain potensial penghasil enzim gelatinase, dan analisis spesies menggunakan sekuensing 16S rDNA spesies bakteri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa isolat dari bagian daun mangrove menunjukkan aktivitas enzim gelatinase yang tinggi dengan kode isolat CL-h4. Analisis sekuen 16S rDNA menunjukkan isolat memiliki kemiripan dengan <em>Enterobacter hormaechei</em> N6. Pohon filogenetik menunjukkan bakteri Enterobacter sp. UB-R** berada pada satu cabang maupun node (genus) yang sama dengan bakteri <em>Enterobacter</em> sp. dengan nilai boostrap sebesar<br />0,6. Mikroorganisme endofit mangrove penghasil enzim gelatinase (MMP2) dari daun mangrove Rizhopora mucronata adalah strain baru <em>Enterobacter</em> sp. UB-R.
A study to assess the degree of nomophobia among the undergraduate students of a medical college in Bhopal
Authors: Sethia Soumitra , Melwani Veena , Melwani Satish , Priya Angelin , Gupta Mahesh , Khan Amreen 
Published: May 2018

Background: Nomophobia is no mobile phobia that is the fear of being out of contact with one’s own mobile phone. In today’s world, cell phone technology introduces new senses of speed and connectivity to social life. Since the younger generation is the latest consumer of the mobile phones, and the under 25 year age group in professional colleges like medical colleges use mobile phones quite frequently. This study was conducted to find out the prevalence of nomophobia in Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal.Methods: The study was a cross sectional study conducted for a period of 3 months (June to September) in 2016 on students of first proff, second proff junior, second proff senior, junior final proff and senior final proff of Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal. A total of 473 students were selected by purposive sampling. The data was collected using a questionnaire Scoring was calculated as per NMP Q.Results: The study was conducted on a total of 473 students undergraduate MBBS students. The percentage of female participants was 51.6%. Majority (56.1%) of participants belonged to age group of 20-22 years. More than 57% participants started using smart mobile phones before attaining age of 18 years. 291 (61.5%) were having moderate, 6.1% having severe nomophobia and only one participant was not suffering from nomophobia.Conclusions: The introduction of mobile phones and new technologies has shaped our daily life, with both positive and negative aspects.
O MELODRAMA COMO RECURSO INEVITÁVEL DA TELEDRAMATURGIA
Authors: Magalhães Yuri De Andrade 
Published: May 2018

<p>O presente artigo procura investigar e problematizar a influência do melodrama e seus recursos na teledramaturgia. A discussão surge a partir da percepção de que a utilização adequada, e até mesmo exagerada de recursos melodramáticos, tem tido, em muitas ocasiões, determinado o sucesso ou não de muitas produções televisionadas. Surgido ao final do século XVIII e tendo seu desenvolvimento e auge no século XIX, o melodrama foi, possivelmente, o gênero que mais repercutiu e mais influencia, até os dias de hoje, o que muitas vezes entendemos por arte cênica, cinema, teatro, e etc. O melodrama nos acostumou com sua estrutura maniqueísta, com sua “missão educadora”, com seus personagens estereotipados, com necessidade do triunfo do bem sobre o mal, ao ponto de chegarmos, muitas vezes, a estabelecer como ideais as tramas que atendam a esses requisitos melodramáticos. Para aprofundar a discussão, selecionamos duas novelas brasileiras fortemente aclamadas pela audiência em suas respectivas épocas de exibição, a saber: <em>A Senhora do Destino</em> (2004) e <em>Amor à Vida </em>(2013), e uma minissérie brasileira pouco aclamada pela audiência, a saber; <em>A Pedra do Reino</em> (2007). Neste artigo, busco discorrer como a influência melodramática influenciou a recepção das novelas e da minissérie em questão. </p>