bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toward hardware‐accelerated QoS‐aware 5G network slicing based on data plane programmability
Authors: Ricart‐Sanchez Ruben , Malagon Pedro , Matencio‐Escolar Antonio , Alcaraz Calero Jose M. , Wang Qi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe diverging requirements from various vertical industries have driven the paradigm shift in the next‐generation (5G) mobile networks, where network slicing has emerged as a major paradigm for this purpose by sharing and isolating resources over the same 5G physical infrastructure. To truly fulfill the different quality‐of‐service (QoS) requirements imposed by different network slices for different vertical applications, it is essential to introduce a programmable data plane that is aware of QoS and is configurable to enforce the QoS commitments. In this paper, we focus on designing, prototyping, and evaluating a novel QoS‐aware data‐plane network slicing framework for the edge and core network segments of a 5G network. The proposed framework is capable of dealing with differentiated services through hardware‐based traffic classification, priority configuration, and traffic scheduling. By leveraging the latest open‐source field‐programmable gate array platform, we prototype the proposed framework and empirically evaluate the performance of the prototyped system. Experiment results demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed framework in terms of achieving QoS‐aware network slicing at the data plane.
Geotechnische Untersuchungen an modifizierten Stahlwerksschlacken
Authors: Barka Elissavet , Birle Emanuel , Demond Derik 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAnhand von umfangreichen experimentellen Laboruntersuchungen wurde gezeigt, dass Stahlwerksschlacken (SWS) durch die Zugabe von feinkörnigen Zusatzstoffen in ihrer Wasserdurchlässigkeit derart reduziert werden können, dass sie gemäß dem Merkblatt über Bauweisen für Technische Sicherungsmaßnahmen beim Einsatz von Böden und Baustoffen mit umweltrelevanten Inhaltsstoffen im Erdbau (M TS E‐Merkblatt) ohne zusätzliche Abdichtungsschichten eingesetzt werden können. Die Untersuchungen erfolgten an drei SWS, die unter Verwendung von vier feinkörnigen Zusatzstoffen granulometrisch modifiziert wurden. Die Versuchsergebnisse zeigen, dass Wasserdurchlässigkeitsbeiwerte von kf ≤ 1 ⋅ 10–8 m/s bereits bei einer Zugabemenge von 8 M.‐% feinkörnigen Zusatzstoffen erreicht werden können. Im Vergleich zu natürlichen Baustoffgemischen zeigte sich auch, dass für SWS zum Erreichen eines geringen Luftporenanteils mit einhergehender zusätzlicher Reduktion ihrer Wasserdurchlässigkeit i. d. R. eine höhere Verdichtungsenergie (modifizierte Proctorenergie) erforderlich ist und dass das Quellvermögen von natriumaktivierten Bentoniten aufgrund der Ionenkonzentration in der Porenlösung herabgesetzt werden kann.
High‐temperature CO2 removal from CH4 using silica membrane: experimental and neural network modeling
Authors: Ullah Sami , Assiri Mohammed A. , Al‐Sehemi Abdullah G. , Bustam Mohamad Azmi , Abdul Mannan Hafiz , Abdulkareem Firas A. , Irfan Ahmad , Saqib Sidra 
Published: August 2019

AbstractInorganic membranes can operate under harsh conditions. However, successful synthesis of inorganic membranes is still challenging, and its performance depends on many factors. This work reports the effect of dip‐coating duration, inlet pressure, and inlet flow rate on the flux, permeability, and selectivity of silica membranes. A silica membrane was prepared by the deposition of silica sol onto porous alumina support. The permeability test was conducted at 100 °C using a single gas of CO2 and CH4. The highest flux was observed at the maximum inlet pressure and inlet flow rate for the membrane prepared at the minimum dip‐coating duration. The neural network modeling of the membrane predicted permeabilities showed a considerably high validity regression (R ≈ 0.99) of the predicted data linked to the experimental sets. The separation factor (α) was the highest at the maximum dip‐coating duration. The synthesized silica membrane has potential for CO2/CH4 separation under harsh operating conditions. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Investigation and magnitude re‐evaluation of the 1955 Zheduotang earthquake, eastern Tibetan Plateau, China
Authors: Yan Bing , Wang Maomao , Jia Dong , Cui Jian 
Published: August 2019

Rupture lengths and displacements of historical earthquakes are significant components of the accurate magnitude estimates required for understanding fault behaviour and earthquake recurrence patterns. Along the Xianshuihe–Xiaojiang fault system on the eastern Tibetan Plateau, 36 large historical earthquakes have been recorded during the past ~700 years, many of which still require detailed investigation. In this study, we reinvestigated the coseismic surface rupture produced by the 1955M7.5 Zheduotang earthquake. The Zheduotang Fault, which is the source fault of the 1955 event, is one of the main faults of the central Xianshuihe fault zone, with a left‐lateral strike‐slip rate of 3.4 mm/year according to our measurements and the ages of offset terraces. High‐resolution Google Earth images and field observations reveal that the surface ruptures of this earthquake were characterized by left‐lateral offsets of gullies, animal paths, alluvial terraces, and fans. The coseismic surface rupture length caused by the 1955 earthquake could be up to ~43 km, with mainly horizontal displacements of 0.6–1.7 m. Based on empirical relationships between magnitude and coseismic surface rupture length for large earthquakes, the magnitude of the 1955 Zheduotang earthquake is re‐evaluated to beMW7.0. Our study demonstrates the necessity of re‐evaluating previous magnitude estimates of historical earthquakes in western China.
Group connectivity: Z4 vs Z22
Authors: Hušek Radek , Mohelníková Lucie , Šámal Robert 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe answer a question on group connectivity suggested by Jaeger et al [J. Combin. Theory, Ser. B 56 (1992), pp. 165–182]: we find that ‐connectivity does not imply ‐connectivity, neither vice versa. We use a computer to find the graphs certifying this and to verify their properties using a nontrivial enumerative algorithm (and we also use an independent implementation of a straightforward algorithm to double‐check our results). We provide a simple construction to provide an infinite family of examples. While the graphs we found are small (the largest has 15 vertices and 21 edges), a computer‐free approach remains elusive.
The rollout of Community ART Refill Groups in Zimbabwe: a qualitative evaluation
Authors: Bochner Aaron F , Meacham Elizabeth , Mhungu Nathan , Manyanga Phibion , Petracca Frances , Muserere Claudios , Gonese Gloria , Makunike Batsirai , Wazara Blessing , Gwanzura Clorata , Nyika Ponesai , Levine Ruth , Mutasa‐Apollo Tsitsi , Balachandra Shirish , Wiktor Stefan Z 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIntroductionCommunity ART Refill Groups (CARGs) are an antiretroviral therapy (ART) delivery model where clients voluntarily form into groups, and a group member visits the clinic to collect ART for all group members. In late 2016, Zimbabwe began a nationwide rollout of the CARG model. We conducted a qualitative evaluation to assess the perceived effects of this new national service delivery model.MethodsIn March‐June 2018, we visited ten clinics implementing the CARG model across five provinces of Zimbabwe and conducted a focus group discussion with healthcare workers and in‐depth interviews with three ART clients per clinic. Clinics had implemented the CARG model for approximately one year. All discussions were audio recorded, transcribed, and translated into English, and thematic coding was performed by two independent analysts.ResultsIn focus groups, healthcare workers described that CARGs made ART distribution faster and facilitated client tracking in the community. They explained that their reduced workload allowed them to provide better care to those clients who did visit the clinic, and they felt that the CARG model should be sustained in the future. CARG members reported that by decreasing the frequency of clinic visits, CARGs saved them time and money, reducing previous barriers to collecting ART and improving adherence. CARG members also valued the emotional and informational support that they received from other members of their CARG, further improving adherence. Multiple healthcare workers did express concern that CARG members with diseases that begin with minor symptoms, such as tuberculosis, may not seek treatment at the clinic until the disease has progressed.ConclusionsWe found that healthcare workers and clients overwhelmingly perceive CARGs as beneficial. This evaluation demonstrates that the CARG model can be successfully implemented on a national scale. These early results suggest that CARGs may be able to simultaneously improve clinical outcomes and reduce the workload of healthcare workers distributing ART.
Loss of tau and Fyn reduces compensatory effects of MAP2 for tau and reveals a Fyn‐independent effect of tau on calcium
Authors: Liu Guanghao , Thangavel Ramasamy , Rysted Jacob , Kim Yohan , Francis Meghan B. , Adams Eric , Lin Zhihong , Taugher Rebecca J. , Wemmie John A. , Usachev Yuriy M. , Lee Gloria 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMicrotubule‐associated protein tau associates with Src family tyrosine kinase Fyn and is tyrosine phosphorylated by Fyn. The presence of tyrosine phosphorylated tau in AD and the involvement of Fyn in AD has drawn attention to the tau–Fyn complex. In this study, a tau–Fyn double knockout (DKO) mouse was generated to investigate the role of the complex. DKO mice resembled Fyn KO in novel object recognition and contextual fear conditioning tasks and resembled tau KO mice in the pole test and protection from pentylenetetrazole‐induced seizures. In glutamate‐induced Ca2+ response, Fyn KO was decreased relative to WT and DKO had a greater reduction relative to Fyn KO, suggesting that tau may have a Fyn‐independent role. Since tau KO resembled WT in its Ca2+ response, we investigated whether microtubule‐associated protein 2 (MAP2) served to compensate for tau, since the MAP2 level was increased in tau KO but decreased in DKO mice. We found that like tau, MAP2 increased Fyn activity. Moreover, tau KO neurons had increased density of dendritic MAP2‐Fyn complexes relative to WT neurons. Therefore, we hypothesize that in the tau KO, the absence of tau would be compensated by MAP2, especially in the dendrites, where tau–Fyn complexes are of critical importance. In the DKO, decreased levels of MAP2 made compensation more difficult, thus revealing the effect of tau in the Ca2+ response.
Iron oxide‐humic acid coprecipitates as iron source for cucumber plants
Authors: Di Iorio Erika , Colombo Claudio , Angelico Ruggero , Terzano Roberto , Porfido Carlo , Valentinuzzi Fabio , Pii Youry , Mimmo Tanja , Cesco Stefano 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn soil, iron (Fe) solubility depends on complex interactions between Fe minerals and organic matter, but very little is known about plant availability of Fe present in Fe oxides associated with humic substances. For this purpose, this study investigates the effect of Fe mineral crystallinity in the presence of humic acids (HA) on Fe availability to plants. Four Fe–HA mineral coprecipitates were prepared, either in the presence or absence of oxygen, i.e., two goethite (G)‐HA samples containing large amounts of Fe as nanocrystalline goethite and ferrihydrite mixed phases, and two magnetite (M)‐HA samples containing crystalline magnetite. Bioavailability studies were conducted in hydroponic systems on cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus L.) grown under Fe deficient conditions and supplied with the Fe–HA coprecipitates containing goethite or magnetite. Results showed that plants grown in the presence of Fe–HA coprecipitates exhibited a complete recovery from Fe deficiency, albeit less efficiently than plants resupplied with Fe‐chelate fertilizer used as control (Fe‐diethylene triamine penta acetic acid, Fe‐DTPA). However, the supply with either G‐ or M–HA coprecipitates produced different effects on plants: G–HA‐treated plants showed a higher Fe content in leaves, while M–HA‐treated plants displayed a higher leaf biomass and SPAD (Soil–Plant Analysis Development) index recovery, as compared to Fe‐DTPA. The distribution of macronutrients in the leaves, as imaged by micro X‐ray fluorescence (µXRF) spectroscopy, was different in G–HA and M–HA‐treated plants. In particular, plants supplied with the poorly crystalline G–HA coprecipitate with a lower Fe/HA ratio showed features more similar to those of fully recovered plants (supplied with Fe‐DTPA). These results highlight the importance of mineral crystallinity of Fe–HA coprecipitates on Fe bioavailability and Fe uptake in hydroponic experiments. In addition, the present data demonstrate that cucumber plants can efficiently mobilize Fe, even from goethite and ferrihydrite mixed phases and magnetite, which are usually considered unavailable for plant nutrition.
Recurrent laryngeal nerve monitoring with surface electrodes in pediatric thyroid surgery
Authors: Propst Evan Jon , Gorodensky Jonah , Wasserman Jonathan Daniel , Glazman Ethan Forde , Tilis Leona Ariel , Wolter Nikolaus Ernst 
Published: August 2019

ObjectiveTo prospectively evaluate 1) use of endotracheal tube (ETT) surface electrodes for recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) monitoring in thyroid surgery in children, and 2) effects of thyroid surgery on the RLN in children.MethodsPatients <18 years old undergoing thyroidectomy were included. Vocal cord mobility was assessed pre‐ and postoperatively. RLNs were monitored using adhesive or integrated electrodes. Recordings were made before and after dissection, and area under the curve and latency were compared using mixed models.ResultsTwenty‐five children (44 nerves at risk), mean (standard deviation) age 13.1 (3.4) years (range 4.5–17.4 years), underwent thyroidectomy. Twelve (46%) monitors were adhesive. One nerve had unobtainable responses. Nerveäna Power Index (NPI) (Neurovision Medical Products, Ventura, CA) decreased, and latency increased pre‐ versus postdissection at all amplitudes (P < 0.0001), with change in slope of NPI affected by tumor size (P < 0.05). Postdissection, the NPI was lower, and the latency was longer when stimulating low in the neck versus near the cricothyroid joint at all stimulating amplitudes (P < 0.0001), with change in NPI related to tumor size (P < 0.0001). Changes were not associated with decreased vocal cord mobility, aspiration, or voice change. One patient had a temporary unilateral paresis that resolved by 7 weeks, and another had normal movement 3 weeks postoperatively and developed a paresis 2 months postoperatively.ConclusionETT surface electrodes are reliable for RLN monitoring in thyroid surgery in children. Thyroid surgery is associated with a decrease in RLN stimulability that is related to tumor size. The site of RLN stimulation matters when evaluating the nerve.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 130:1583–1589, 2020
Biodegradable Electrospun Poly(lactic acid) Nanofibers for Effective PM 2.5 Removal
Authors: Zhang Jinxi , Gong Shaobo , Wang Chenchen , Jeong Dae‐Yong , Wang Zhong Lin , Ren Kailiang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn addition to the rapid urbanization and industrialization around the world, air pollution due to particulate matter is a substantial threat to human health. A considerable research effort has been devoted to the development of electrospun polymer nanofibers for air filter applications. Among these new technologies, electrostatic charge‐assisted air filtration is a promising technology for removing small particulate matter (PM). In this investigation, biodegradable electrospun poly(l‐lactic acid) (PLLA) polymer nanofibers are employed for air filter applications. Electrostatic charges generated from the PLLA nanofiber can significantly enhance air filter applications. Compared with a 3M commercial respirator filter, electrospun PLLA fibrous filters exhibit a high efficiency of 99.3%. Even after 6 h of filtration time, the PLLA filtration membrane still exhibits a 15% improvement in quality factor for PM 2.5 particles than the 3M respirator. This is mainly attributed to the electrostatic force generated from the electrospun PLLA nanofibers, which significantly benefit submicron particle absorption. Due to their biodegradability, ease of fabrication, and relatively high efficiency, electrospun PLLA nanofibers show great promise in applications such as air cleaning systems and personal air purifier applications.
Large‐scale distribution of bacterial communities in the Qaidam Basin of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau
Authors: Xing Rui , Gao Qing‐bo , Zhang Fa‐qi , Wang Jiu‐li , Chen Shi‐long 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMany studies have investigated patterns of soil microbial communities over large spatial scales. However, these studies mainly focused on a few sites. Here, we studied the near‐surface (0–30 cm) soil microbial communities of 35 soil samples collected from most of the areas of the Qaidam Basin, which is the largest basin on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. A total of 32 phyla and 838 genera were detected from all the samples, in which Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Acidobacteria were the most dominant and cosmopolitan phyla. The most abundant phyla (relative abundance > 5%) detected in all 35 soil samples were also the most dominant, which could be explained by their great dispersal ability. The microbial community structures correlated strongly with variations in pH and Mg2+ and were distinct between the high Mg2+ content (>20 g/kg) samples and other samples (Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Chloroflexi were significantly less abundant in the high Mg2+ content group, but the abundance of Firmicutes was significantly greater). Finally, the microbial spatial pattern was influenced by both the local environment and spatial distance, but environmental factors were the primary drivers of microbial spatial patterns in the Qaidam Basin.
Tomatidine Reduces Palmitate‐Induced Lipid Accumulation by Activating AMPK via Vitamin D Receptor‐Mediated Signaling in Human HepG2 Hepatocytes
Authors: Kusu Hikari , Yoshida Hiroki , Kudo Michiko , Okuyama Mai , Harada Naoki , Tsuji‐Naito Kentaro , Akagawa Mitsugu 
Published: August 2019

ScopeNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as the most common chronic liver disease worldwide, defined by hepatic over‐accumulation of lipids without significant ethanol consumption. Pharmacological or bioactive food ingredients that suppress hepatic lipid accumulation through AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling, which plays a critical role in the regulation of lipid metabolism, are searched.Methods and resultsIt is found that tomatidine, the aglycone of α‐tomatine abundant in green tomatoes, significantly inhibits palmitate‐provoked lipid accumulation and stimulates phosphorylation of AMPK and acetyl‐CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1) in human HepG2 hepatocytes. The results also indicate that tomatidine can enhance triglyceride turnover and decline in lipogenesis by upregulating adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and downregulating fatty acid synthase (FAS) via the AMPK signaling‐dependent regulation of transcription factors, element‐binding protein‐1c (SREBP‐1c) and forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1). Furthermore, mechanistic studies demonstrate that tomatidine‐stimulated AMPK phosphorylation is due to CaMKKβ activation in response to an increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration. Finally, it is discovered that tomatidine functions as an agonist for vitamin D receptor to elicit AMPK‐dependent suppression of lipid accumulation.ConclusionThe in vitro study suggests the potential efficacy of tomatidine as a preventive and therapeutic treatment in obesity‐related fatty liver diseases.
In vivo potassium MRI of the human heart
Authors: Wenz Daniel , Nagel Armin Michael , Lott Johanna , Kuehne Andre , Niesporek Sebastian Christian , Niendorf Thoralf 
Published: August 2019

PurposePotassium ions (K+) play a critical role in cardiac electrophysiology, and changes in their concentration reflect pathophysiological processes related to cardiovascular diseases. Here, we investigated the feasibility of in vivo 39K MRI of the human heart. To achieve this, we developed, evaluated, and applied a 39K/1H RF coil, which is tailored for 39K MRI of human heart at 7.0T.MethodsThe performance of the 39K/1H RF coil was evaluated by electromagnetic field and specific absorption ratio simulations using 2 (male/female) human voxel models. The RF coil was evaluated at the bench and applied in an in vivo proof‐of‐principle study involving 7 healthy volunteers. The experiments were performed using a 7.0T whole‐body MR system in conjunction with a 3D density‐adapted projection reconstruction imaging technique.ResultsFor in vivo 39K MRI of the human heart, a nominal spatial resolution of 14.5 × 14.5 × 14.5 mm3 within a total scan time of 30 min was achieved. The average SNR within the heart was 9.6 ± 2.4.ConclusionThis work validates the design of a 39K/1H RF coil for cardiac MR at 7.0T and demonstrates for the first time in vivo the feasibility of 39K MRI of the human heart.
American Thoracic Society 2019 Pediatric Core Curriculum
Authors: Moore Paul E. , Boyer Debra , Perkins Ryan , Katz Eliot S. , Castro‐Codesal Maria L. , MacLean Joanna E. , Akil Nour , Esther Charles R. , Kaslow Jacob , Lewis Toby C. , Krone Katie A. , Quizon Annabelle , Simpson Ryne , Benscoter Dan , Spielberg David R. , Melicoff Ernestina , Kuklinski Cadence A. , Blatter Joshua A. , Dy Jamie , Rettig Jordan S. , Horani Amjad , Gross Jane 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe American Thoracic Society Pediatric Core Curriculum updates clinicians annually in pediatric pulmonary disease in a 3 to 4 year recurring cycle of topics. The 2019 course was presented in May during the Annual International Conference. An American Board of Pediatrics Maintenance of Certification module and a continuing medical education exercise covering the contents of the Core Curriculum can be accessed online at www.thoracic.org.
Telomere length and lung function in a population‐based cohort of children and mid‐life adults
Authors: Nguyen Minh Thien , Saffery Richard , Burgner David , Lycett Kate , Vryer Regan , Grobler Anneke , Dwyer Terence , Ranganathan Sarath , Wake Melissa 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveTelomere length is associated with poorer lung health in older adults, possibly from cumulative risk factor exposure, but data are lacking in pediatric and population‐based cohorts. We examined associations of telomere length with lung function in children and mid‐life adults.MethodsData were drawn from a population‐based cross‐sectional study of 11 to 12 year‐olds and mid‐life adults. Lung function was assessed by spirometric FEV1, FVC, FEV
1/FVC ratio, and MMEF
25‐75. Telomere length was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction from blood and expressed as the amount of telomeric genomic DNA to the beta‐globin gene (T/S ratio). Associations of telomere length with spirometric parameters were tested by linear and logistic regression models, adjusting for potential confounders of sex, age, body mass index, socioeconomic position, physical activity, inflammation, asthma, pubertal status, and smoking.ResultsMean T/S ratio was 1.09 (n = 1206; SD 0.55) in children and 0.81 (n = 1343; SD 0.38) in adults. In adults, for every additional unit in T/S ratio, FEV
1/FVC and MMEF
25‐75 z‐scores were higher (β 0.21 [95% confidence interval, CI; 0.06‐0.36] and 0.23 [95% CI; 0.08‐0.38], respectively), and the likelihood of being in the lowest quartile for FEV
1/FVC and MMEF
25‐75 z‐scores was lower (odds ratios 0.59 [95% CI, 0.39‐0.89] and 0.64 [95% CI, 0.41‐0.99], respectively). No evidence of association was seen for adult FEV
1 or FVC, or any childhood spirometric index after adjustments.ConclusionShorter telomere length showed moderate associations with poorer airflow parameters, but not vital capacity (lung volume) in mid‐life adults. However, there was no convincing evidence of associations in children.