bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mobile X-ray outside the Hospital: a scoping review
Authors: Toppenberg Maria Dietz , Christiansen Thomas Erik Møller , Rasmussen Finn , Nielsen Camilla Palmhøj , Damsgaard Else Marie 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background For several years mobile X-ray equipment has been used in intensive care units, when transportation to the radiology department was inadvisable. Now, mobile X-ray examinations are also used outside hospital. The literature describes that fragile patients may benefit from mobile X-ray, but we need to know if it is an evident alternative to hospital-based examination and in what populations. Methods We searched PubMed, Cinahl and Embase for English-, Danish-, Norwegian - and Swedish-language studies, published within the last 10 years about mobile X-ray outside the hospital. We decided that both qualitative and quantitative studies were eligible. Result We included nine studies in this scoping review. The results were divided into four topics : 1. Target population 2. Population health 3 . Experience of care and 4. Cost effectiveness . The conclusions are unclear, as quality of the evidence is low, the study populations are small, and the descriptions of the technology are week. Conclusion Mobile X-ray may be used outside hospital. There seems to be potential benefits to both patients and health care staff. Based on the published studies it is not possible to conclude if mobile X-ray examination is a relevant diagnostic offer and for whom. Further studies are needed to assess the feasibility of use in fragile patients, also regarding staff, relatives and society.
The effect of seasonality and post-fire on habitat preferences of the endangered Swayne’s hartebeest (Alcelaphus buselaphus swaynei) in Maze National Park, Ethiopia
Authors: Tamrat Misganaw , Atickem Anagaw , Tsegaye Diress , Evangelista Paul , Bekele Afework , Stenseth Nils Christian 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Introduction The availability of preferred habitats determine the spatial and temporal distribution of herbivores in savanna ecosystems and is crucial for developing conservation strategies of targeted wildlife species. Habitat preference of large grazers in connection to grass height and post-fire effect has been debated for the last century. Here, we examined Swayne’s hartebeest’s (Alcelaphus buselaphus swaynei) seasonal habitat selection, grass height preferences and post-fire effect on their habitat preferences in Maze National Park. Data for seasonal habitat selection were collected using both visual observation along established transect routes and pellet counting using permanently established plots. Every month, we measured fresh bite grass height that was grazed by Swayne’s hartebeest in grassland habitat. Starting from the first week of burning, we recorded the abundance of Swayne’s hartebeest in both burned and unburned grassland areas. Results From detected pellets, 94.3% were recorded in the grassland habitat indicating that other habitat types are less used despite their extensive cover > 50% of the Park. During wet and early dry seasons, Swayne’s hartebeest exclusively preferred grassland habitat. We found that 85.2% (n=1079) and 85.3% (n=593) of individuals observed in areas with a grass height below 30 cm during wet and early dry seasons, respectively; while 70.9% (n=2,288) preferred grass height below 30 cm during the dry season. The density of Swayne’s hartebeest in burned grassland area was higher than unburned grassland areas upto 150 days since burning. However, in unburned grassland areas, the density was initially low but showed increasing trend for consecutive days, reaching similar abundance with burned areas after 150 days since burning. Conclusion Swayne’s hartebeests exclusively preferred grassland habitat, particularly during wet and early dry seasons, shortest available grass height in all seasons and were attracted to burned grassland areas. Our results suggested that fire played an important role in maintaining habitat quality in grassland, and that management should continue using controlled burning as a tool for the conservation of Swayne’s hartebeest. However, we remain cautious of our findings given the paucity of information regarding other confounding factors and the absence of long-term data on fire disturbance.
PENGARUH SIKAP MANDIRI, MOTIVASI, DAN PENGETAHUAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN TERHADAP MINAT MAHASISWA BERWIRAUSAHA SECARA SYARIâ€™AH DI INSTITUT PERTANIAN BOGOR
Authors: Yuliyanti Eka 
Published: August 2019

This study aims to determine and analyze the influence of independent attitudes, motivation, and knowledge of entrepreneurship on the interest of Sharia Entrepreneur Students at the Bogor Agricultural Institute. This type of research used quantitative research with research methods in the form of survey research, and research instruments using questionnaires. Using saturated samples (census) is a sampling technique if all members of the population are used as samples. The population is 40 respondents. The results of the F test show that simultaneously independent attitudes, motivation and entrepreneurial knowledge there are 2 variables namely independent attitudes and entrepreneurial knowledge have a positive effect but do not significantly influence students' interest in entrepreneurship in sharia, while motivation variables have a positive influence and significant influence on the results of the analysis that is the value of Fcount 14,351> from Ftable 2,870. Keywords: independent attitude, motivation, entrepreneurial knowledge, student interest.Â Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis Pengaruh Sikap Mandiri, Motivasi, dan Pengetahuan Kewirausahaan Terhadap Minat Mahasiswa Berwirausaha Secara Syariah di Institut Pertanian Bogor. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode penelitian berupa penelitian survey, dan instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner. Menggunakan sampel jenuh (sensus) yaitu teknik penentuan sampel bila semua anggota populasi digunakan sebagai sampel. Adapun populasi tersebut berjumlah 40 responden.Hasil uji F menunjukkan bahwa secara simultan sikap mandiri, motivasi dan pengetahuan kewirausahaan terdapat 2 variabel yaitu sikap mandiri dan pengetahuan kewirausahaan berpengaruh positif namun tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap minat mahasiswa berwirausaha secara syariah, sedangkan variabel motivasi memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan pengaruh yang signifikandengan hasil analisis yaitu nilai Fhitung 14.351> dari Ftabel 2,870. Kata kunci : sikap mandiri, motivasi, pengetahuan kewirausahaan, minat mahasiswa.
A EDUCAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA NAS PRISÕES: PRIVAÇÃO OU PROMOÇÃO DE LIBERDADE?
Authors: Andrade Ingrid Silva de , Pinheiro Bárbara Carine Soares 
Published: August 2019

O presente trabalho busca analisar em que a educação ajuda no processo de ressocialização de pessoas em situação de privação de liberdade, a partir da lente teórica da Pedagogia Histórico Crítica. No primeiro momento, foi feita uma revisão de literatura sobre ressocialização e o racismo no sistema prisional. Ressaltamos também a importância da educação formal como fator de promoção de liberdade. Em seguida, foram selecionadas e entrevistadas pessoas que estão diretamente ligadas a esse sistema. A partir da fala dos entrevistados, foi feita uma análise, e relacionada com a teoria, para se obter os resultados esperado dos objetivos.
Passive and Active Drug Targeting: Role of Nanocarriers in Rational Design of Anticancer Formulations
Authors: Das Ram P. , Gandhi Vishwa V. , Singh Beena G. , Kunwar Amit 
Published: August 2019

Background:
Cancer is the major public health problem in developing countries. The treatment of
cancer requires a multimodal approach and chemotherapy is one of them. Chemotherapeutic drug is administered
to cancer patients in the form of a formulation which is prepared by mixing an active ingredient (drug) with the
excipient. The role of excipient in a formulation is to regulate the release, bio-distribution, and selectivity of drug
within the body.

Methods:
In this context, selectivity of an anticancer formulation is achieved through two mechanisms like passive
and active targeting. The passive targeting of a formulation is generally through enhanced permeation retention
(EPR) effect which is dictated by physical properties of the carrier such as shape and size. On the contrary,
active targeting means surface functionalization of excipient with target-specific ligands and/or receptors to increase
its selectivity.

Results:
Over the past several decades, remarkable progress has been made in the development and application of
an engineered excipient or carrier to treat cancer more effectively. Especially nanoparticulate systems composed
of metal/liposomes/polymeric material/proteins have received significant attention in the rational design of anticancer
drug formulations; for example, therapeutic agents have been integrated with nanoparticles of optimal
sizes, shapes and surface properties to improve their solubility, circulation half-life, and bio-distribution. In this
review article, recent literature is included to discuss the role of physicochemical properties of excipients in
achieving tumour targeting through passive and active approaches.

Conclusion:
The selection of an excipient/carrier and targeting ligand plays a very important role in rational
design and development of anticancer drug formulations.
Long Non-Coding RNAs As Epigenetic Regulators in Cancer
Authors: Vafadar Asma , Shabaninejad Zahra , Movahedpour Ahmad , Mohammadi Soheila , Fathullahzadeh Sima , Mirzaei Hamid R. , Namdar Afshin , Savardashtaki Amir , Mirzaei Hamed 
Published: August 2019

:Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) constitute large portions of the mammalian transcriptome which appeared as a fundamental player, regulating various cellular mechanisms. LncRNAs do not encode proteins, have mRNA-like transcripts and frequently processed similar to the mRNAs. Many investigations have determined that lncRNAs interact with DNA, RNA molecules or proteins and play a significant regulatory function in several biological processes, such as genomic imprinting, epigenetic regulation, cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, and differentiation. LncRNAs can modulate gene expression on three levels: chromatin remodeling, transcription, and post-transcriptional processing. The majority of the identified lncRNAs seem to be transcribed by the RNA polymerase II. Recent evidence has illustrated that dysregulation of lncRNAs can lead to many human diseases, in particular, cancer. The aberrant expression of lncRNAs in malignancies contributes to the dysregulation of proliferation and differentiation process. Consequently, lncRNAs can be useful to the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis, and have been characterized as potential cancer markers as well. In this review, we highlighted the role and molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs and their correlation with some of the cancers.
Humoral Immunity Against HDL Particle: A New Perspective in Cardiovascular Diseases?
Authors: Satta Nathalie , Frias Miguel A. , Vuilleumier Nicolas , Pagano Sabrina 
Published: August 2019

Background:Autoimmune diseases are closely associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Over the last decades, the comprehension of atherosclerosis, the principal initiator of CVD, evolved from a lipidcentered disease to a predominant inflammatory and immune response-driven disease displaying features of autoimmunity against a broad range of auto-antigens, including lipoproteins. Among them, high density lipoproteins (HDL) are important actors of cholesterol transport and bear several anti-atherogenic properties, raising a growing interest as therapeutic targets to decrease atherosclerosis and CVD burden, with nevertheless rather disappointing results so far. Reflecting HDL composition complexity, autoimmune responses and autoantibodies against various HDL components have been reported.Results:In this review, we addressed the important complexity of humoral autoimmunity towards HDL and particularly how this autoimmune response could help improving our understanding of HDL biological implication in atherosclerosis and CVD. We also discussed several issues related to specific HDL autoantibody subclasses characteristics, including etiology, prognosis and pathological mechanisms according to Rose criteria.Conclusion:Finally, we addressed the possible clinical value of using these antibodies not only as potential biomarkers of atherogenesis and CVD, but also as a factor potentially mitigating the benefit of HDL-raising therapies.
A Mitochondrial Approach to Cardiovascular Risk and Disease
Authors: Veloso Caroline D. , Belew Getachew D. , Ferreira Luciana L. , Grilo Luís F. , Jones John G. , Portincasa Piero , Sardão Vilma A. , Oliveira Paulo J. 
Published: August 2019

Background:Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading risk factor for mortality worldwide and the number of CVDs victims is predicted to rise through 2030. While several external parameters (genetic, behavioral, environmental and physiological) contribute to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality; intrinsic metabolic and functional determinants such as insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, inflammation, high blood pressure and dyslipidemia are considered to be dominant factors.Methods:Pubmed searches were performed using different keywords related with mitochondria and cardiovascular disease and risk. In vitro, animal and human results were extracted from the hits obtained.Results:High cardiac energy demand is sustained by mitochondrial ATP production, and abnormal mitochondrial function has been associated with several lifestyle- and aging-related pathologies in the developed world such as diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and kidney diseases, that in turn can lead to cardiac injury. In order to delay cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction in the context of cardiovascular risk, regular physical activity has been shown to improve mitochondrial parameters and myocardial tolerance to ischemia-reperfusion (IR). Furthermore, pharmacological interventions can prevent the risk of CVDs. Therapeutic agents that can target mitochondria, decreasing ROS production and improve its function have been intensively researched. One example is the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoQ10, which already showed beneficial effects in hypertensive rat models. Carvedilol or antidiabetic drugs also showed protective effects by preventing cardiac mitochondrial oxidative damage.Conclusion:This review highlights the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in CVDs, also show-casing several approaches that act by improving mitochondrial function in the heart, contributing to decrease some of the risk factors associated with CVDs.
Performance Analysis of PMSG based Wind Energy Conversion System with Different LVRT Enhancement Methods
Authors: Srivastava Puneet K. , Tiwari Amar N. , Singh Sri N. 
Published: August 2019

Background:
Wind energy generation has emerged as the fastest growing renewable energy technology
in recent years. Among different wind turbine configurations, Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator
(PMSG) based wind turbines are becoming popular due to several advantageous features associated
with this.

Introduction:
In the events of grid fault, active power delivery to the grid is required to be stopped or reduced
as per the grid code specification and due to this mismatch between power generation and power delivery
results in a rise in DC link voltage and high stress on converter switches. Modern grid codes suggest
Wind Power Plants (WPPs) to remain in operation and such requirements are termed as Fault Ride-Through
(FRT) or Low Voltage Ride-Through (LVRT).

Method:
Several LVRT enhance method have been proposed in the literature in the past having distinct pros
and cons. Some of them employ external means and some suggest modification of existing control in order
to meet LVRT requirement specified by the grid code. Methods based on external devices may be simple and
effective but in some cases, they are not cost effective. Literature suggests the use of a modified controller
based method for meeting LVRT requirement economically.

Results:
This paper presents a review of different LVRT enhancement methods for PMSG based Wind Energy
Conversion Systems (WECSs). In order to compare the performance outcomes of LVRT enhancement
methods, several simulations are performed for an example WECS based on 2MW PMSG on
MATLAB/Simulink platform.

Conclusion:
Based on the analysis of simulation results, Modified controller based methods and FACT
devices are found cost-effective solutions for LVRT enhancement.
A Large Size Image Classification Method Based on Semi-supervised Learning
Authors: Luo Dan , Wang Xili 
Published: August 2019

Background:
Semi-supervised learning in the machine learning community has received
widespread attention. Semi-supervised learning can use a small number of tagged samples and a
large number of untagged samples for efficient learning.

Methods:
In 2014, Kim proposed a new semi-supervised learning method: the minimax label propagation
(MMLP) method. This method reduces time complexity to O (n), with a smaller computation
cost and stronger classification ability than traditional methods. However, classification results
are not accurate in large-scale image classifications. Thus, in this paper, we propose a semisupervised
image classification method, which is an MMLP-based algorithm. The main idea is
threefold: (1) Improving connectivity of image pixels by pixel sampling to reduce the image size,
at the same time, reduce the diversity of image characteristics; (2) Using a recall feature to improve
the MMLP algorithm; (3) through classification mapping, gaining the classification of the original
data from the classification of the data reduction.

Results:
In the end, our algorithm also gains a minimax path from untagged samples to tagged
samples. The experimental results proved that this algorithm is applicable to semi-supervised learning
on small-size and that it can also gain better classification results for large-size image at the
same time.

Conclusion:
In our paper, considering the connectivity of the neighboring matrix and the diversity
of the characteristics, we used meanshift clustering algorithm, next we will use fuzzy energy clustering
on our algorithm. We will study the function of these paths.
Blue, Green and Red Upconverted Emission of Controlled Hydrothermal Pressure Synthesized Y2O3: Er3+ (1%) Tm3+ (1%) and Different Yb3+ Ratio Conditions Nanophosphors
Authors: Rivera Manrique Solange Ivette , Romo Felipe de Jesús Carrillo , Murillo Antonieta García , Rodríguez García Carlos Eduardo , Oliva Uc Jorge Roberto 
Published: August 2019

Introduction:
Rare earth-doped Upconverting Nanoparticles (UCN's) can convert
near-infrared photons into visible photons via multiphoton processes, which makes it a
good material for generating white light. The production of luminescent materials for technology
applications focuses on controlling powder characteristics such as chemical homogeneity
and low impurity levels.

Objective:
In this research study, we synthesized Er3+ (1%) Tm3+ (1%) Yb3+ (at different
percentages) by co-doping Y2O3 NPs, using the Controlled-Pressure Hydrothermal Method
(CPHM), with nitrogen. The ratio used was chosen to conduct a detailed photolumniscence
analysis.

Methods:
Samples of Y2O3: Er3+ (1%) Tm3+ (1%) Yb3+ (at 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5%) were prepared
using the controlled-pressure hydrothermal method (CPHM). Each solution was
transferred into a mini-clave drive Büchiglasuster with an inner Teflon vessel. In this case,
the mini-clave was heated at 190°C for 3 h, and nitrogen was used to control the pressure.
The initial pressure was 20 bars; it was increased during the process to 42 bars. The powders
obtained were washed with distilled water using centrifugation at 4000 rpm for 15
min. The washed product was dried to 120°C, followed by subsequent heat treatment at
1000°C for 5 h.

Results:
The representative XRD patterns for the Y2O3: Er3+ (1%) Tm3+ (1%) and Yb3+ (at
1.5%, 2%, 2.5%) doped samples confirms the presence of a cubic Y2O3 crystal structure.
Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images show that the morphology of these particles
is spherical. Upconversion photoluminescence spectra of Y2O3:Er3+ (1% mol) Tm3+ (1%
mol) Yb3+ (1.5% mol), Yb3+ (2.0% mol), and Yb3+ (2.5% mol), after 908-nm excitation.
Blue, green, and red bands are centred at 440 nm, 469 nm, 618 nm, and 678 nm, respectively.

Conclusion:
The controlled-pressure hydrothermal method is a productive method for synthesizing
rare earth-doped and codoped Y2O3; when Er3+, Yb3+, and Tm3+ ions are introduced
into the host matrix, they do not cause any changes in the cubic structure nor influence
the crystal structure. This method can used to synthesize any type of nanoparticle, because
it involves low pressure (10-20 bars), low temperatures, and short time reactions.
Apresentação
Authors: Tauchen Gionara , Bonfim Natanael Reis 
Published: August 2019

O Dossiê Avaliação da Educação Superior,que publicamos na Revista da FAEEBA – Educação e Contemporaneidade, busca socializar pesquisas sobre a avaliação da Educação/Ensino Superior, tais como: políticas de avaliação, sistemas nacionais e internacionais de avaliação, avaliação externa, processos de acreditação, autoavaliação institucional e avaliação do ensino, da aprendizagem, da pesquisa, da extensão e da gestão educacional.
The Mobile-Based 6-Minute Walk Test: Usability Study and Algorithm Development and Validation
Authors: Salvi Dario , Poffley Emma , Orchard Elizabeth , Tarassenko Lionel 
Published: August 2019

Background
The 6-min walk test (6MWT) is a convenient method for assessing functional capacity in patients with cardiopulmonary conditions. It is usually performed in the context of a hospital clinic and thus requires the involvement of hospital staff and facilities, with their associated costs.

Objective
This study aimed to develop a mobile phone–based system that allows patients to perform the 6MWT in the community.

Methods
We developed 2 algorithms to compute the distance walked during a 6MWT using sensors embedded in a mobile phone. One algorithm makes use of the global positioning system to track the location of the phone when outdoors and hence computes the distance travelled. The other algorithm is meant to be used indoors and exploits the inertial sensors built into the phone to detect U-turns when patients walk back and forth along a corridor of fixed length. We included these algorithms in a mobile phone app, integrated with wireless pulse oximeters and a back-end server. We performed Bland-Altman analysis of the difference between the distances estimated by the phone and by a reference trundle wheel on 49 indoor tests and 30 outdoor tests, with 11 different mobile phones (both Apple iOS and Google Android operating systems). We also assessed usability aspects related to the app in a discussion group with patients and clinicians using a technology acceptance model to guide discussion.

Results
The mean difference between the mobile phone-estimated distances and the reference values was −2.013 m (SD 7.84 m) for the indoor algorithm and −0.80 m (SD 18.56 m) for the outdoor algorithm. The absolute maximum difference was, in both cases, below the clinically significant threshold. A total of 2 pulmonary hypertension patients, 1 cardiologist, 2 physiologists, and 1 nurse took part in the discussion group, where issues arising from the use of the 6MWT in hospital were identified. The app was demonstrated to be usable, and the 2 patients were keen to use it in the long term.

Conclusions
The system described in this paper allows patients to perform the 6MWT at a place of their convenience. In addition, the use of pulse oximetry allows more information to be generated about the patient’s health status and, possibly, be more relevant to the real-life impact of their condition. Preliminary assessment has shown that the developed 6MWT app is highly accurate and well accepted by its users. Further tests are needed to assess its clinical value.