bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resveratrol promotes sensitization to Doxorubicin by inhibiting epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and modulating SIRT1/β‐catenin signaling pathway in breast cancer
Authors: Jin Xiaoxia , Wei Yingze , Liu Yushan , Lu Xiaoyun , Ding Fei , Wang Jiatai , Yang Shuyun 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBreast cancer is one of the leading fatal diseases for women worldwide who cannot have surgery typically have to rely on systemic chemotherapy to extend their survival. Doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the most commonly used chemotherapeutic agents against breast cancer, but acquired resistance to DOX can seriously impede the efficacy of chemotherapy, leading to poor prognosis and recurrences of cancer. Resveratrol (RES) is a phytoalexin with pharmacological antitumor properties, but its underlying mechanisms are not clearly understood in the treatment of DOX‐resistant breast cancer. We used cell viability assays, cell scratch tests, and transwell assays combined with Western blotting and immunofluorescent staining to evaluate the effects of RES on chemoresistance and the epithelial‐mesenchymal transitions (EMTs) in adriamycin‐resistant MCF7/ADR breast cancer cells, and to investigate its underlying mechanisms. The results showed that a treatment of RES combining with DOX effectively inhibited cell growth, suppressed cell migration, and promoted cell apoptosis. RES reversed EMT properties of MCF7/ADR cells by modulating the connection between SIRT1 and β‐catenin, which provides a hopeful therapeutic avenue to conquer DOX‐resistance and thereby prolong survival rates in breast cancer patients.
Dissociative Bioorthogonal Reactions
Authors: Tu Julian , Xu Minghao , Franzini Raphael M. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBioorthogonal reactions that proceed readily under physiological conditions without interference from biomolecules have found widespread application in the life sciences. Complementary to the bioorthogonal reactions that ligate two molecules, reactions that release a molecule or cleave a linker are increasingly attracting interest. Such dissociative bioorthogonal reactions have a broad spectrum of uses, for example, in controlling bio‐macromolecule activity, in drug delivery, and in diagnostic assays. This review article summarizes the developed bioorthogonal reactions linked to a release step, outlines representative areas of the applications of such reactions, and discusses aspects that require further improvement.
Are guilt and shame in male forensic patients associated with treatment motivation and readiness?
Authors: Fuller Jeannette , Tapp James , Draycott Simon 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundMotivation and readiness to change are important drives for forensic patients accessing interventions. It is thought that guilt and shame influence these drives, but to date, their relationship has not been empirically tested.Aims and HypothesesThe aim of this study is to investigate associations between guilt, shame, and treatment motivation and readiness in a sample of men in a secure hospital. It was hypothesised that guilt would be positively correlated, and shame negatively correlated, with treatment motivation and readiness.MethodsSixty‐six adult male patients detained in a secure hospital completed the assessments of experiences of guilt, shame, motivation, and readiness for treatment. Clinician‐rated readiness ratings were also collected.ResultsShame proneness showed no significant association with motivation for change or treatment readiness. Guilt proneness and offence‐related shame were positively correlated with treatment readiness. Offence‐related guilt was positively correlated with both motivation and readiness. Regression modelling indicated offence‐related guilt had a significant level of explanatory power.Conclusions and Implications for PracticeThis first study of the impact of guilt and shame on motivation and readiness for change among offender hospital inpatients found that offence‐related guilt may be helpful but did not replicate the potential disadvantage of shame. Further research would be warranted into whether the “newness” or the extent of shame may be more important than shame more generally. Given the probable importance of offence‐related guilt, we recommend that guilt attribution is assessed in offender patients to optimise nature and timing of treatment.
Protamine Promotes Direct Electron Transfer Between Shewanella oneidensis Cells and Carbon Nanomaterials in Bacterial Biocomposites
Authors: Pinck Stéphane , Jorand Frédéric P. A. , Xu Mengjie , Etienne Mathieu 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn this work, we studied the direct electron transfer reactions occurring in a biocomposite resulting from the self‐assembly of Shewanella oneidensis MR‐1 cells with different carbon nanomaterials (multi‐walled carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide, Ketjen black or ordered mesoporous carbon) and protamine. The system has been studied with dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy, epifluorescence microscopy and electrochemistry. Although protamine is known to have an antimicrobial activity, the interaction with carbon nanomaterials largely limits this effect. Formate and lactate oxidation and fumarate reduction have been studied. In the presence of 50 mM formate or 50 mM fumarate, the anodic current was lower than the cathodic one with the biocomposite prepared with protamine, while it was found similar with the biocomposite prepared with cytochromes c1 or c3DvH, suggesting different electron transfer pathways. The redox potential observed for fumarate reduction (half‐wave potential) was found between −0.1 V and −0.2 V vs. SHE with an onset potential close to 0 V vs. SHE with MWCNT, i. e. very close to 0.030 V vs. SHE, the formal redox potential for fumarate/succinate interconversion. A maximum current density in the range of 1 A m−2 was reached for fumarate reduction. These data highlight a new way to promote direct electron transfer reactions in electroactive artificial biofilms.
Advanced Li‐Ion Batteries with High Rate, Stability, and Mass Loading Based on Graphene Ribbon Hybrid Networks
Authors: Zhang Longhai , Wei Tong , Jiang Zimu , Fan Zhuangjun 
Published: January 2019

AbstractTo optimize the cycle life and rate performance of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), ultra‐fine Fe2O3 nanowires with a diameter of approximately 2 nm uniformly anchored on a cross‐linked graphene ribbon network are fabricated. The unique three‐dimensional structure can effectively improve the electrical conductivity and facilitate ion diffusion, especially cross‐plane diffusion. Moreover, Fe2O3 nanowires on graphene ribbons (Fe2O3/GR) are easily accessible for lithium ions compared with the traditional graphene sheets (Fe2O3/GS). In addition, the well‐developed elastic network can not only undergo the drastic volume expansion during repetitive cycling, but also protect the bulk electrode from further pulverization. As a result, the Fe2O3/GR hybrid exhibits high rate and long cycle life Li storage performance (632 mAh g−1 at 5 A g−1, and 471 mAh g−1 capacity maintained even after 3000 cycles). Especially at high mass loading (≈4 mg cm−2), the Fe2O3/GR can still deliver higher reversible capacity (223 mAh g−1 even at 2 A g−1) compared with the Fe2O3/GS (37 mAh g−1) for LIBs.
Photosensitive Tin Sulfur Dioxide Complexes with Unexpected Bonding Modes
Authors: Liu Xing , Liu Xiao‐Rui 
Published: January 2019

AbstractInfrared spectra of the matrix‐isolated Sn(η2‐O2S), Sn(η2‐OSO), Sn(η2‐O2S)(η1‐OSO), Sn(η2‐O2S)2, OSn2(η2‐SO), and Sn(μ2‐O2)SnS molecules were observed following laser‐ablated Sn atom reactions with SO2 during condensation in solid argon. The assignments for the major vibrational modes were confirmed by appropriate S18O2 and 34SO2 isotopic shifts and density functional vibrational frequency calculations (B3LYP and BPW91). Interestingly, the mononuclear complexes are interconvertible; that is, irradiation induces the isomerization of Sn(η2‐O2S) and Sn(η2‐O2S)(η1‐OSO) to Sn(η2‐OSO) and Sn(η2‐O2S)2, respectively, and vice versa on annealing. However, there is no evidence of isomerization reaction in between the binuclear molecules OSn2(η2‐SO) and Sn(μ2‐O2)SnS. Bonding in these products is discussed, and the electronic structure changes associated with different bonding types are revealed, which is crucial for the observed photochemical reactions.
Unusual Hypochlorous Acid (HClO) Recognition Mechanism Based on Chlorine–Oxygen Bond (Cl−O) Formation
Authors: Ma Jianlong , Yan Chaoxian , Li Yijing , Duo Huixiao , Li Qiang , Lu Xiaofeng , Guo Yong 
Published: January 2019

AbstractOne of the most important endogenous reactive oxygen species, hypochlorous acid (HClO), is involved in numerous pathological and physiological processes. Herein, a near‐infrared fluorescence probe (CyHR) was designed and synthesized for ultrafast (within 0.2 s), sensitive (limit of detection=39.44 nm), and selective response to HClO. The reaction mechanism was systematically analyzed by MS, 1H NMR spectroscopy, HPLC‐MS techniques, and theoretical calculations. The results indicated that HClO can be recognized by CyHR, which is based on chlorine–oxygen (Cl−O) bond formation. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to find Cl−O bonds among organic aromatic compounds, given that Cl−O bonds are common among inorganics. Through biological experiments, CyHR was successfully applied to image exogenous and endogenous HClO in macrophage cells (RAW 264.7). Thus, CyHR is a promising tool for HClO‐related physiological and pathological studies and may provide a means for designing HClO‐specific fluorescence probes.
Strategies for Substrate‐Regulated P450 Catalysis: From Substrate Engineering to Co‐catalysis
Authors: Xu Jiakun , Wang Chunlan , Cong Zhiqi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractCytochrome P450 enzymes (P450s) catalyze the monooxygenation of various organic substrates. These enzymes are fascinating and promising biocatalysts for synthetic applications. Despite the impressive abilities of P450s in the oxidation of C−H bonds, their practical applications are restricted by intrinsic drawbacks, such as poor stability, low turnover rates, the need for expensive cofactors (e.g., NAD(P)H), and the narrow scope of useful non‐native substrates. These issues may be overcome through the general strategy of protein engineering, which focuses on the improvement of the catalysts themselves. Alternatively, several emerging strategies have been developed that regulate the P450 catalytic process from the viewpoint of the substrate. These strategies include substrate engineering, decoy molecule, and dual‐functional small‐molecule co‐catalysis. Substrate engineering focuses on improving the substrate acceptance and reaction selectivity by means of an anchoring group. The latter two strategies utilize co‐substrate‐like small molecules that either are proposed to reform the active site, thereby switching the substrate specificity, or directly participate in the catalytic process, thereby creating new catalytic peroxygenation capabilities towards non‐native substrates. For at least 10 years, these approaches have played unique roles in solving the problems highlighted above, either alone or in conjunction with protein engineering. Herein, we review three strategies for substrate regulation in the P450‐catalyzed oxidation of non‐native substrates. Furthermore, we address remaining challenges and potential solutions associated with these approaches.
Are Two Metal Ions Better than One? Mono‐ and Binuclear α‐Diimine‐Re(CO)3 Complexes with Proton‐Responsive Ligands in CO2 Reduction Catalysis
Authors: Du Jia‐Pei , Wilting Alexander , Siewert Inke 
Published: January 2019

AbstractHere, the reduction chemistry of mono‐ and binuclear α‐diimine‐Re(CO)3 complexes with proton responsive ligands and their application in the electrochemically‐driven CO2 reduction catalysis are presented. The work was aimed to investigate the impact of 1) two metal ions in close proximity and 2) an internal proton source on catalysis. Therefore, three different Re complexes, a binuclear one with a central phenol unit, 3, and two mononuclear, one having a central phenol unit, 1, and one with a methoxy unit, 2, were utilised. All complexes are active in the CO2‐to‐CO conversion and CO is always the major product. The catalytic rate constant kcat for all three complexes is much higher and the overpotential is lower in DMF/water mixtures than in pure DMF (DMF=N,N‐dimethylformamide). Cyclic voltammetry (CV) studies in the absence of substrate revealed that this is due to an accelerated chloride ion loss after initial reduction in DMF/water mixtures in comparison to pure DMF. Chloride ion loss is necessary for subsequent CO2 binding and this step is around ten times faster in the presence of water [2: kCl(DMF)≈1.7 s−1; kCl(DMF/H2O)≈20 s−1]. The binuclear complex 3 with a proton responsive phenol unit is more active than the mononuclear complexes. In the presence of water, the observed rate constant kobs for 3 is four times higher than of 2, in the absence of water even ten times. Thus, the two metal centres are beneficial for catalysis. Lastly, the investigation showed that the phenol unit has no impact on the rate of the catalysis, it even slows down the CO2‐to‐CO conversion. This is due to an unproductive, competitive side reaction: After initial reduction, 1 and 3 loose either Cl− or undergo a reductive OH deprotonation forming a phenolate unit. The phenolate could bind to the metal centre blocking the sixth coordination site for CO2 activation. In DMF, O−H bond breaking and Cl− ion loss have similar rate constants [1: kCl(DMF)≈2 s−1, kOH≈1.5 s−1], in water/DMF Cl− loss is much faster. Thus, the effect on the catalytic rate is more pronounced in DMF. However, the acidic protons lower the overpotential of the catalysis by about 150 mV.
Regio‐ and Diastereoselective Synthesis of Cyclohexadienylborons via an Intermolecular Diels–Alder Reaction of Alkenyl MIDA Boronates with 2‐Pyrones
Authors: Lv Wen‐Xin , Li Zhan , Lin E , Li Ji‐Lin , Tan Dong‐Hang , Cai Yuan‐Hong , Li Qingjiang , Wang Honggen 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAn efficient synthesis of highly functionalized cyclohexadienylborons via an inverse electron‐demand Diels–Alder reaction/CO2 extrusion of alkenyl MIDA boronates with 2‐pyrones is outlined. By controlling the reaction temperature, the corresponding C(sp3)‐rich bicyclolactones could also be readily formed. The exo‐selective reactions feature good functional‐group tolerance, broad substrate scope, and excellent regio‐ and diastereoselectivity. Oxidation of the cyclohexadienylborons in a one‐pot procedure led to the construction of aromatic boronates bearing valuable functional groups. Synthetic transformations of the C−B bond were demonstrated.
Technologien zur Speicherung von Wasserstoff. Teil 1: Wasserstoffspeicherung im engeren Sinn
Authors: Müller Karsten 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDie effiziente und energiedichte Speicherung von Wasserstoff stellt nach wie vor eine Herausforderung dar. Neben komprimiertem und verflüssigtem Wasserstoff existiert eine Reihe von Ansätzen, die durch die Bindung von Wasserstoff an andere Stoffe versuchen, die Speicherdichte zu erhöhen. Sowohl physisorbierende als auch chemisorbierende, organische wie anorganische Systeme sind hierfür denkbar. Viele dieser Methoden befinden sich erst in frühen Laborstadien. Mehrere Technologien haben es mittlerweile aber auch schon zu deutlich höherer technischer Reife gebracht. Der erste Teil dieser Studie soll die wesentlichen Ansätze zur Wasserstoffspeicherung im engeren Sinn vorstellen.
Avoiding chemotherapy prescribing errors: Analysis and innovative strategies
Authors: Reinhardt Heike , Otte Petra , Eggleton Alison G. , Ruch Markus , Wöhrl Stefan , Ajayi Stefanie , Duyster Justus , Jung Manfred , Hug Martin J. , Engelhardt Monika 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundAt Freiburg University Medical Center, chemotherapy prescriptions are processed via a computerized physician order entry (CPOE) tool and clinically checked by a designated chemotherapy surveillance team. Any error detected is reported instantly, corrected, and prospectively recorded. The objective of the current study was to gain insight into the causes, potential consequences, and future preventability of chemotherapy prescribing errors.MethodsA detailed analysis of 18,823 consecutive antineoplastic orders placed in 2013 through 2014 was performed. In cooperation with information technology (IT) specialists, the intercepted errors were analyzed for effective future prevention using IT measures. Potential error consequences were determined by case discussions between pharmacists and physicians.ResultsWithin 24 months, a total of 406 chemotherapy prescribing errors were intercepted that affected 375 (2%) of the total orders. Errors were classified as clinically relevant in 279 of the chemotherapy orders (1.5%). In these cases, reduced therapeutic efficacy (0.44%), the need for increased monitoring (0.48%), prolonged hospital stay (0.55%), and fatality (0.02%) were avoided as potential consequences. The most efficient conventional measures for error prevention comprised checking the order history and patient’s medical record, and a detailed knowledge of chemotherapy protocols. Of all the errors analyzed, 61% would be avoided through further software development. The improvements identified are implemented through a validated next‐generation CPOE tool.ConclusionsThe upgraded CPOE tool can be shared across other hospitals to raise safety standards and spread potential benefits across a wider patient population. The current analysis also highlighted that approximately 30% to 40% of errors cannot be avoided electronically. Therefore, pharmacovigilance initiatives remain indispensable.
The expression of tyrosine hydroxylase and DARPP‐32 in the house crow (Corvus splendens) brain
Authors: Sen Shankhamala , Parishar Pooja , Pundir Arvind Singh , Reiner Anton , Iyengar Soumya 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBirds of the family Corvidae which includes diverse species such as crows, rooks, ravens, magpies, jays, and jackdaws are known for their amazing abilities at problem‐solving. Since the catecholaminergic system, especially the neurotransmitter dopamine, plays a role in cognition, we decided to study the distribution of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the rate‐limiting enzyme in the synthesis of catecholamines in the brain of house crows (Corvus splendens). We also studied the expression of DARPP‐32 (dopamine and cAMP‐regulated phosphoprotein), which is expressed in dopaminoceptive neurons. Our results demonstrated that as in other avian species, the expression of both TH and DARPP‐32 was highest in the house crow striatum. The caudolateral nidopallium (NCL, the avian analogue of the mammalian prefrontal cortex) could be differentiated from the surrounding pallial regions based on a larger number of TH‐positive “baskets” of fibers around neurons in this region and greater intensity of DARPP‐32 staining in the neuropil in this region. House crows also possessed distinct nuclei in their brains which corresponded to song control regions in other songbirds. Whereas immunoreactivity for TH was higher in the vocal control region Area X compared to the surrounding MSt (medial striatum) in house crows, staining in RA and HVC was not as prominent. Furthermore, the arcopallial song control regions RA (nucleus robustus arcopallialis) and AId (intermediate arcopallium) were strikingly negative for DARPP‐32 staining, in contrast to the surrounding arcopallium. Patterns of immunoreactivity for TH and DARPP‐32 in “limbic” areas such as the hippocampus, septum, and extended amygdala have also been described.
Effects of early life NICU stress on the developing gut microbiome
Authors: D’Agata Amy L. , Wu Jing , Welandawe Manushi K. V. , Dutra Samia V. O. , Kane Bradley , Groer Maureen W. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSuccession of gut microbial community structure for newborns is highly influenced by early life factors. Many preterm infants cared for in the NICU are exposed to parent–infant separation, stress, and pain from medical care procedures. The purpose of the study was to investigate the impact of early life stress on the trajectory of gut microbial structure. Stool samples from very preterm infants were collected weekly for 6 weeks. NICU stress exposure data were collected daily for 6 weeks. V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified by PCR and sequenced. Zero‐inflated beta regression model with random effects was used to assess the impact of stress on gut microbiome trajectories. Week of sampling was significant for Escherichia, Staphylococcus, Enterococcus, Bifidobacterium, Proteus, Streptococcus, Clostridium butyricum, and Clostridium perfringens. Antibiotic usage was significant for Proteus, Citrobacter, and C. perfringens. Gender was significant for Proteus. Stress exposure occurring 1 and 2 weeks prior to sampling had a significant effect on Proteus and Veillonella. NICU stress exposure had a significant effect on Proteus and Veillonella. An overall dominance of Gammaproteobacteria was found. Findings suggest early life NICU stress may significantly influence the developing gut microbiome, which is important to NICU practice and future microbiome research.
DNA metabarcoding assays reveal a diverse prey assemblage for Mobula rays in the Bohol Sea, Philippines
Authors: Bessey Cindy , Jarman Simon N. , Stat Michael , Rohner Christoph A. , Bunce Michael , Koziol Adam , Power Matthew , Rambahiniarison Joshua M. , Ponzo Alessandro , Richardson Anthony J. , Berry Oliver 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDiet studies provide base understanding of trophic structure and are a valuable initial step for many fields of marine ecology, including conservation and fisheries biology. Considerable complexity in marine trophic structure can exist due to the presence of highly mobile species with long life spans. Mobula rays are highly mobile, large, planktivorous elasmobranchs that are frequently caught either directly or as bycatch in fisheries, which, combined with their conservative life history strategy, makes their populations susceptible to decline in intensely fished regions. Effective management of these iconic and vulnerable species requires an understanding of the diets that sustain them, which can be difficult to determine using conventional sampling methods. We use three DNA metabarcode assays to identify 44 distinct taxa from the stomachs (n = 101) of four sympatric Mobula ray species (Mobula birostris, Mobula tarapacana, Mobula japanica, and Mobula thurstoni) caught over 3 years (2013–2015) in a direct fishery off Bohol in the Philippines. The diversity and incidence of bony fishes observed in ray diets were unprecedented. Nevertheless, rays showed dietary overlap, with krill (Euphausia) dominating their diet. Our results provide a more detailed assessment of sympatric ray diets than was previously described and reveal the complexity that can exist in food webs at critical foraging habitats.