bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RE-TEAR AND RE-OPERATION RATES FOR PEDIATRIC AND ADOLESCENT ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION
Authors: Pandya Nirav K. 
Published: March 2019

BACKGROUND Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries have become increasingly common in pediatric and adolescent patients over the last several decades, as this population has become more involved in athletic competition. ACL injuries in skeletally immature patients had historically been treated conservatively with bracing and activity modification; however, poor outcomes including extensive chondral and meniscal damage, increased recurrent instability, and increased sports drop out rates have been observed. Recognition of these poor outcomes has led to a shift towards early operative treatment, resulting in a significant rise in the number of pediatric ACL reconstructions being performed. Yet, a higher failure rate has been noted in this younger population within larger adult cohort studies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the re-tear and re-operation rates in pediatric and adolescent ACL reconstruction. METHODS The was a retrospective review of pediatric and adolescent patients treated at a single tertiary children’s hospital for ACL reconstruction from 2011 to 2017 by the same pediatric orthopedic surgeon. Review of the electronic medical record was performed to obtain patient demographics, preoperative clinical and radiographic findings, operative notes, and postoperative outcomes. Re-tear and re-operation rates were calculated. RESULTS A total of 308 patients were identified during the study period of which sixty-six percent were female. The mean age of patients was 15.8 years with a mean follow-up of 1.8 +/- 0.8 years. Two-hundred fifty-three hamstring autografts (mean age 15.7+/- 4.1 years) and 55 bone tendon bone autograft (mean age 16.9 +/- 1.45 years) were performed. Two hundred forty-three patents had adult-style reconstructions performed, 40 had transphyseal reconstructions, 24 had partial transphyseal reconstruction, and 1 patient had an all-epiphyseal reconstruction. Average hamstring graft size was 8.3 mm +/- 0.5 mm and all BTB graft were 9 mm. The overall graft re-tear rate was 8.2%. The overall re-operation rate was 13.2% (17 revisions, 5 medial meniscus repairs, 3 I+D’s, 2 cyclops debridements, 1 removal of hardware, and 1 manipulation under anesthesia). The highest re-tear (12.5%) and re-operation (22.5%) rates were found in patients who underwent a transphyseal reconstruction. No growth disturbances which required surgical intervention were noted. CONCLUSIONS / SIGNIFICANCE Pediatric and adolescent ACL reconstruction can be performed safely without a risk of growth disturbance. Patients had a high re-tear and re-operation rate; particularly in patients who underwent transphyseal reconstruction. Strategies must be developed to decrease the re-tear and re-operation rate in this population.
Racial disparities in access to HLA-matched unrelated donor transplants: a prospective 1312-patient analysis
Authors: Barker Juliet N. , Boughan Kirsten , Dahi Parastoo B. , Devlin Sean M. , Maloy Molly A. , Naputo Kristine , Mazis Christopher M. , Davis Eric , Nhaissi Melissa , Wells Deborah , Cooper Candice , Ponce Doris M. , Kernan Nancy , Scaradavou Andromachi , Giralt Sergio A. , Papadopoulos Esperanza B. , Politikos Ioannis 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Availability of 8/8 HLA-allele matched unrelated donors (URDs) is a barrier for ethnic and racial minorities. We prospectively evaluated receipt of 8/8 HLA-allele matched URD or either 7/8 URD or cord blood (CB) transplants by patient ancestry from 2005 to 2017. Matched URDs were given priority if they were available. Of 1312 patients, 723 (55%) received 8/8 URD, 219 (17%) 7/8 URD, 319 (24%) CB, and 51 (4%) had no 7/8 or 8/8 URD or CB graft. Europeans were more likely to receive an 8/8 URD transplant than non-Europeans (67% vs 33%) and less likely to have no URD or CB graft (1% vs 9%). Southern Europeans received 8/8 URD transplants (41%) at rates similar to those of Asians (34%) and white Hispanics (35%); Africans were the least likely (18%) to undergo 8/8 URD transplantation. CB and 7/8 URDs extended transplant access to all groups. In 742 recent patients, marked racial disparity in 8/8 URD access between groups observed in earlier years persisted with only a modest increase in the percentage of 8/8 URD transplants. Of 78 recent African patients, 46% received a CB transplant and 14% had no 7/8 or 8/8 URD or CB graft. Increasing registry size has not resolved the racial disparity in URD access, which emphasizes the importance of alternative graft sources.
Receptor for advanced glycation end-products and environmental exposure related obstructive airways disease: a systematic review
Authors: Haider Syed H. , Oskuei Assad , Crowley George , Kwon Sophia , Lam Rachel , Riggs Jessica , Mikhail Mena , Talusan Angela , Veerappan Arul , Kim James S. , Caraher Erin J. , Nolan Anna 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundOur group has identified the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) as a predictor of World Trade Center particulate matter associated lung injury. The aim of this systematic review is to assess the relationship between RAGE and obstructive airways disease secondary to environmental exposure.MethodsA comprehensive search using PubMed and Embase was performed on January 5, 2018 utilising keywords focusing on environmental exposure, obstructive airways disease and RAGE and was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42018093834). We included original human research studies in English, focusing on pulmonary end-points associated with RAGE and environmental exposure.ResultsA total of 213 studies were identified by the initial search. After removing the duplicates and applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, we screened the titles and abstracts of 61 studies. Finally, 19 full-text articles were included. The exposures discussed in these articles include particulate matter (n=2) and cigarette smoke (n=17).ConclusionRAGE is a mediator of inflammation associated end-organ dysfunction such as obstructive airways disease. Soluble RAGE, a decoy receptor, may have a protective effect in some pulmonary processes. Overall, RAGE is biologically relevant in environmental exposure associated lung disease. Future investigations should focus on further understanding the role and therapeutic potential of RAGE in particulate matter exposure associated lung disease.
Time to epinephrine treatment is associated with the risk of mortality in children who achieve sustained ROSC after traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Authors: Lin Yan-Ren , Wu Meng-Huan , Chen Tren-Yi , Syue Yuan-Jhen , Yang Mei-Chueh , Lee Tsung-Han , Lin Chih-Ming , Chou Chu-Chung , Chang Chin-Fu , Li Chao-Jui 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Background
The benefits of early epinephrine administration in pediatric with nontraumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) have been reported; however, the effects in pediatric cases of traumatic OHCA are unclear. Since the volume-related pharmacokinetics of early epinephrine may differ obviously with and without hemorrhagic shock (HS), beneficial or harmful effects of nonselective epinephrine stimulation (alpha and beta agonists) may also be enhanced with early administration. In this study, we aimed to analyze the therapeutic effect of early epinephrine administration in pediatric cases of HS and non-HS traumatic OHCA.

Methods
This was a multicenter retrospective study (2003–2014). Children (aged ≤ 19 years) who experienced traumatic OHCA and were administered epinephrine for resuscitation were included. Children were classified into the HS (blood loss > 30% of total body fluid) and non-HS groups. The demographics, outcomes, postresuscitation hemodynamics (the first hour) after the sustained return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), and survival durations were analyzed and correlated with the time to epinephrine administration (early < 15, middle 15–30, late > 30 min) in the HS and non-HS groups. Cox regression analysis was used to adjust for risk factors of mortality.

Results
A total of 509 children were included. Most of them (n = 348, 68.4%) had HS OHCA. Early epinephrine administration was implemented in 131 (25.7%) children. In both the HS and non-HS groups, early epinephrine administration was associated with achieving sustained ROSC (both p < 0.05) but was not related to survival or good neurological outcomes (without adjusting for confounding factors). However, early epinephrine administration in the HS group increased cardiac output but induced metabolic acidosis and decreased urine output during the initial postresuscitation period (all p < 0.05). After adjusting for confounding factors, early epinephrine administration was a risk factor of mortality in the HS group (HR 4.52, 95% CI 2.73–15.91).

Conclusion
Early epinephrine was significantly associated with achieving sustained ROSC in pediatric cases of HS and non-HS traumatic OHCA. For children with HS, early epinephrine administration was associated with both beneficial (increased cardiac output) and harmful effects (decreased urine output and metabolic acidosis) during the postresuscitation period. More importantly, early epinephrine was a risk factor associated with mortality in the HS group.
Bridging Indigenous and science-based knowledge in coastal-marine research, monitoring, and management in Canada: a systematic map protocol
Authors: Alexander Steven M. , Provencher Jennifer F. , Henri Dominique A. , Taylor Jessica J. , Cooke Steven J. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe incorporation of multiple types of knowledge (e.g., science, Indigenous knowledge, traditional ecological knowledge) is an important undertaking, which can strengthen the evidence-base for policy advice, decision making, and environmental management. While the benefits of incorporating multiple types of knowledge in environmental research and management are many, successfully doing so has remained a challenge. In response there has been a number of recent reviews that have sought to better understand the what and how, when it comes to bridging Indigenous and science-based knowledge. Yet there continues to be a need for methods, models, and approaches for integrative work. This systematic map seeks to examine the extent, range, and nature of the published literature (i.e., peer-reviewed and grey) that integrates and/or includes Indigenous and science-based knowledge in coastal-marine research, monitoring, or management in Canada. Results from this study can be used to inform new and ongoing research and monitoring efforts and highlight evidence gaps.MethodsThe systematic map will aim to capture all available studies relevant to the question found in the peer-reviewed and grey literature. Accordingly, the search will leverage four databases focused on peer reviewed publications, carefully selected specialist websites, and two web-based search engines. Reference sections of relevant review articles will also be cross-checked to identify articles that were not found using the search strategy. All searches will be conducted in English. Search results will be reviewed in two stages: (1) title and abstract; and (2) full text. All screening decisions will be included in the database. The systematic map will employ a narrative synthesis approach that will include the use of descriptive statistics, tables (including SM database), and figures (including map with the studies geospatially referenced). In addition, an online version of the map and queryable database will be developed similar to other knowledge mobilization tools.
Genomic Profiling Identifies Outcome-Relevant Mechanisms of Innate and Acquired Resistance to Third-Generation Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Therapy in Lung Cancer
Authors: Michels Sebastian , Heydt Carina , van Veggel Bianca , Deschler-Baier Barbara , Pardo Nuria , Monkhorst Kim , Rüsseler Vanessa , Stratmann Jan , Griesinger Frank , Steinhauser Susanne , Kostenko Anna , Diebold Joachim , Fassunke Jana , Fischer Rieke , Engel-Riedel Walburga , Gautschi Oliver , Geissinger Eva , Haneder Stefan , Ihle Michaela A. , Kopp Hans-Georg , de Langen Adrianus J. , Martinez-Marti Alex , Nogova Lucia , Persigehl Thorsten , Plenker Dennis , Puesken Michael , Rodermann Ernst , Rosenwald Andreas , Scheel Andreas H. , Scheffler Matthias , Spengler Werner , Seggewiss-Bernhardt Ruth , Brägelmann Johannes , Sebastian Martin , Vrugt Bart , Hellmich Martin , Sos Martin L. , Heukamp Lukas C. , Felip Enriqueta , Merkelbach-Bruse Sabine , Smit Egbert F. , Büttner Reinhard , Wolf Jürgen 
Published: March 2019

PURPOSE Third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are effective in acquired resistance (AR) to early-generation EGFR TKIs in EGFR-mutant lung cancer. However, efficacy is marked by interindividual heterogeneity. We present the molecular profiles of pretreatment and post-treatment samples from patients treated with third-generation EGFR TKIs and their impact on treatment outcomes. METHODS Using the databases of two lung cancer networks and two lung cancer centers, we molecularly characterized 124 patients with EGFR p.T790M-positive AR to early-generation EGFR TKIs. In 56 patients, correlative analyses of third-generation EGFR TKI treatment outcomes and molecular characteristics were feasible. In addition, matched post-treatment biopsy samples were collected for 29 patients with progression to third-generation EGFR TKIs. RESULTS Co-occurring genetic aberrations were found in 74.4% of EGFR p.T790-positive samples (n = 124). Mutations in TP53 were the most frequent aberrations detected (44.5%; n = 53) and had no significant impact on third-generation EGFR TKI treatment. Mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor ( MET) amplifications were found in 5% of samples (n = 6) and reduced efficacy of third-generation EGFR TKIs significantly (eg, median progression-free survival, 1.0 months; 95% CI, 0.37 to 1.72 v 8.2 months; 95% CI, 1.69 to 14.77 months; P ≤ .001). Genetic changes in the 29 samples with AR to third-generation EGFR TKIs were found in EGFR (eg, p.T790M loss, acquisition of p.C797S or p.G724S) or in other genes (eg, MET amplification, KRAS mutations). CONCLUSION Additional genetic aberrations are frequent in EGFR-mutant lung cancer and may mediate innate and AR to third-generation EGFR TKIs. MET amplification was strongly associated with primary treatment failure and was a common mechanism of AR to third-generation EGFR TKIs. Thus, combining EGFR inhibitors with TKIs targeting common mechanisms of resistance may delay AR.
An exercise-induced improvement in isolated skeletal muscle contractility does not affect the performance-enhancing benefit of 70 µmol l−1 caffeine treatment
Authors: Tallis Jason , Higgins Matthew F. , Cox Val M. , Duncan Michael J. , James Rob S. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT
This study aimed to examine the effects of exercise-induced increases in skeletal muscle contractile performance on isolated skeletal muscle caffeine sensitivity in mice. CD1 mice (n=28; 30 weeks old) either served as controls or underwent 8 weeks of voluntary wheel running. Following the treatment intervention, whole soleus (SOL) or a section of the costal diaphragm (DIA) was isolated from each mouse and tested to determine the effect of 70 µmol l−1 caffeine on work loop power output. Although caffeine elicited a significant increase in power of both the SOL and the DIA relative to levels in a non-caffeine-treated control, the effect was not different between the experimental groups, despite the muscles of the trained group producing significantly greater muscle power. There was no significant relationship between training volume or baseline work loop power and the caffeine response. These results indicate that an exercise-induced increase in muscle performance did not influence the performance-enhancing effects of caffeine.
Weighing the evidence for using vascular conductance, not resistance, in comparative cardiovascular physiology
Authors: Joyce William , White Daniel W. , Raven Peter B. , Wang Tobias 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT
Vascular resistance and conductance are reciprocal indices of vascular tone that are often assumed to be interchangeable. However, in most animals in vivo, blood flow (i.e. cardiac output) typically varies much more than arterial blood pressure. When blood flow changes at a constant pressure, the relationship between conductance and blood flow is linear, whereas the relationship between resistance and blood flow is non-linear. Thus, for a given change in blood flow, the change in resistance depends on the starting point, whereas the attendant change in conductance is proportional to the change in blood flow regardless of the starting conditions. By comparing the effects of physical activity at different temperatures or between species – concepts at the heart of comparative cardiovascular physiology – we demonstrate that the difference between choosing resistance or conductance can be marked. We also explain here how the ratio of conductance in the pulmonary and systemic circulations provides a more intuitive description of cardiac shunt patterns in the reptilian cardiovascular system than the more commonly used ratio of resistance. Finally, we posit that, although the decision to use conductance or resistance should be made on a case-by-case basis, in most circumstances, conductance is a more faithful portrayal of cardiovascular regulation in vertebrates.
EEG correlation at a distance: A re-analysis of two studies using a machine learning approach
Authors: Bilucaglia Marco , Pederzoli Luciano , Giroldini William , Prati Elena , Tressoldi Patrizio 
Published: March 2019

Background: In this paper, data from two studies relative to the relationship between the electroencephalogram (EEG) activities of two isolated and physically separated subjects were re-analyzed using machine-learning algorithms. The first dataset comprises the data of 25 pairs of participants where one member of each pair was stimulated with a visual and an auditory 500 Hz signals of 1 second duration. The second dataset consisted of the data of 20 pairs of participants where one member of each pair received visual and auditory stimulation lasting 1 second duration with on-off modulation at 10, 12, and 14 Hz. Methods and Results: Applying a ‘linear discriminant classifier’ to the first dataset, it was possible to correctly classify 50.74% of the EEG activity of non-stimulated participants, correlated to the remote sensorial stimulation of the distant partner. In the second dataset, the percentage of correctly classified EEG activity in the non-stimulated partners was 51.17%, 50.45% and 51.91%, respectively, for the 10, 12, and 14 Hz stimulations, with respect the condition of no stimulation in the distant partner. Conclusions: The analysis of EEG activity using machine-learning algorithms has produced advances in the study of the connection between the EEG activities of the stimulated partner and the isolated distant partner, opening new insight into the possibility to devise practical application for non-conventional “mental telecommunications” between physically and sensorially separated participants.
Burden of drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis in Pakistani children: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Laghari Ghulam Shabbir , Hussain Zahid , Khemani Lavina , Hussain Syed Zohaib Maroof , Yaqoob Uzair 
Published: March 2019

Introduction: The incidence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) is rapidly increasing worldwide. Children in high TB burden countries are rapidly being reported to be affected by multidrug-resistant TB (resistant to isoniazid and rifampicin). The aim of this study is to evaluate the pattern of drug sensitivity among children suffering with TB. Methods: Known cases of pulmonary TB, with sputum smear positive even after two months of compliance to 1st line anti-tuberculous therapy were included after gaining informed consent. Specimens used for drug sensitivity analysis were either sputum or bronchoalveolar lavage. Patient age, gender, history of TB contact, and duration of treatment were also recorded. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS v.22. Results: There were 32 male (64%) and 18 female (36%) children in the study. Their mean age was 12.84 ± 2.54 years. History of household TB contact was positive in 29 (58%) children. Among 1st line anti-tuberculous therapy, ethambutol and streptomycin were most sensitive (n=44; 88%). Rifampin was least sensitive (n=17; 34%). There were 32 (64%) children with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). A positive history of household TB contact (either resistant or non-resistant) was seen to have a statistically significant impact on incidence of MDR-TB (p value=0.03) Conclusion: Pediatric drug-resistant TB is a rising concern. Awareness programs on national and international levels are needed to educate the general population regarding the importance of preventing TB household contact, especially amongst children.
RELIME: CONSTRUCCIÓN, DESARROLLO Y CONSOLIDACIÓN. ¿A DÓNDE NOS DIRIGIMOS?
Authors: Cantoral Uriza Ricardo , Reyes-Gasperini Daniela , Ríos Jarquín Diana Wendolyne , Castro-Pérez Benito 
Published: March 2019

Desde su fundación, la Revista Latinoamericana de Investigación en Matemática Educativa (Relime) ha sido parte de un amplio proyecto disciplinar cuyas medidas de acción han sido lideradas por grupos activos de miembros de una comunidad de referencia: la Matemática Educativa en Latinoamérica. La revista surge con un objetivo dual; el de promover y fomentar la escritura de artículos de investigación de alta calidad en la región, así como favorecer el proceso de profesionalización de la disciplina en beneficio de los sistemas educativos de América Latina (Farfán, 1997). Este objetivo, si bien aún no alcanzado plenamente, ha sido un factor de desarrollo en la región y en el orbe.
Sharing Guilt: How Better Access to Information May Backfire
Authors: Inderst Roman , Khalmetski Kiryl , Ockenfels Axel 
Published: March 2019

We study strategic communication between a customer and an advisor who is privately informed about the most suitable choice for the customer but whose preferences are misaligned with the customer’s preferences. The advisor sends a message to the customer who, in turn, can secure herself from bad advice by acquiring costly information on her own. In our experiments, we find that making the customer’s information acquisition less costly leads to less prosocial behavior of the advisor. This can be explained by a model of shared guilt, which predicts a shift in causal attribution of guilt from the advisor to the customer if the latter could have avoided her ex post disappointment. We conclude that providing better access to information through, for example, consumer protection regulation or digital information aggregation and dissemination, may have unintended negative consequences on peoples’ willingness to take responsibility for each other. Data files and the online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2018.3101 . This paper was accepted by Uri Gneezy, behavioral economics.