bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Building resilient clusters through HRM systems: a multiple mediator model
Authors: Belso-Martinez José , Palacios-Marqués Daniel , Roig-Tierno Norat 
Published: February 2018

PurposeThere is a growing research interest in the relationships between networks and the firm’s assets and between networks and innovation. Studies have shown the complexity and idiosyncrasies of these relationships for firms in clusters. The way firms in clusters build certain organizational resources and capabilities, however, remains underexplored. Based on the assumption that most of these organizational assets rely on human resources, the purpose of this paper is to shed light on the mechanisms through which a set of managerial practices (the human resource management (HRM) system) enhances innovation.Design/methodology/approachMicro-level data were collected for 139 firms located in three Spanish industrial clusters. Next, the main constructs were developed. A multiple mediator model was then used to examine how HRM systems influence innovation through strategic vision, embeddedness in local networks, the implementation of enterprise systems, and cluster characteristics.FindingsThe effect of HRM systems on innovation performance was indirect rather than direct. All four mediating variables included in the model were found to be relevant mechanisms through which HRM systems affect innovation performance. The statistical significance of these variables, however, varied depending on the type of innovation (product, process, organizational, or marketing).Practical implicationsGreater attention should be paid to the structure and sophistication of HRM systems. Top-level managers should be aware of the linkages between HRM systems and mediators. Greater human resource orientation in strategic planning, enterprise system design, and networking practices reinforces the association between HRM systems and innovation.Originality/valueThis study advances our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the relationship between HRM systems and innovation. From an academic perspective, this study enriches the cluster literature by better integrating human resources with innovation processes. Furthermore, this study creates research opportunities by disentangling the role of different managerial practices and refining the operationalization of the mediating variables. The findings can also help managers develop human resources and innovation strategies.
Interpretation in historic gardens: English Heritage perspective
Authors: Hristov Dean , Naumov Nikola , Petrova Petia 
Published: February 2018

PurposeThis paper aims to provide an exploratory investigation into contemporary interpretation methods used in historic gardens and their fundamental role in enhancing the visitor experience and sense of a place.Design/methodology/approachA series of semi-structured interviews (n= 65) with Wrest Park visitors – who had the opportunity to experience new interpretation methods provided on-site – have been carried out in an attempt to explore their sense of place through interpretation.FindingsThe research suggests that interpretation has a fundamental role to play in “telling the story” of historic gardens, with 92.5 per cent of the sample understanding elements of the place’s history, significance and evolution. The findings further suggest the presence of two distinct visitor typologies – history explorers and leisure seekers.Practical implicationsThe study provides implications for theory and practice and recommendations for historic garden practitioners.Originality/valueThe importance of conceptualising and operationalising interpretation in historic gardens has received relatively little attention across the extant body of heritage interpretation literature. English Heritage’s Wrest Park, which is amongst England’s most prominent historic gardens, is used as a case study.
Seismic channel edge detection using 3D shearlets—a study on synthetic and real channelised 3D seismic data
Authors: Karbalaali Haleh , Javaherian Abdolrahim , Dahlke Stephan , Reisenhofer Rafael , Torabi Siyavash 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTAutomatic feature detection from seismic data is a demanding task in today's interpretation workstations. Channels are among important stratigraphic features in seismic data both due to their reservoir capability or drilling hazard potential. Shearlet transform as a multi‐scale and multi‐directional transformation is capable of detecting anisotropic singularities in two and higher dimensional data. Channels occur as edges in seismic data, which can be detected based on maximizing the shearlet coefficients through all sub‐volumes at the finest scale of decomposition. The detected edges may require further refinement through the application of a thinning methodology. In this study, a three‐dimensional, pyramid‐adapted, compactly supported shearlet transform was applied to synthetic and real channelised, three‐dimensional post‐stack seismic data in order to decompose the data into different scales and directions for the purpose of channel boundary detection. In order to be able to compare the edge detection results based on three‐dimensional shearlet transform with some famous gradient‐based edge detectors, such as Sobel and Canny, a thresholding scheme is necessary. In both synthetic and real data examples, the three‐dimensional shearlet edge detection algorithm outperformed Sobel and Canny operators even in the presence of Gaussian random noise.
Influencing the Penal Agenda? The Justice Select Committee and ‘Transforming Justice’, 2010–15
Authors: Birkett Gemma 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis article assesses the policy influence of the House of Commons Justice Select Committee, established to oversee the work of the Ministry of Justice following its creation a decade ago. The committee has, from the outset, overseen many contentious policy and legislative developments in the penal field, although none so extensive as those introduced following the formation of the Conservative–Liberal Democrat coalition government in 2010. Despite the newsworthy nature of its business, the committee has, to some extent, operated in the shadows of its high‐profile sister, the Home Affairs Select Committee, and has received surprisingly limited attention from criminologists and political scientists alike. Forming part of a wider investigation into the work of the committee, this article examines the extent to which it was able to influence penal developments during the coalition years. This period is of particular interest given that it heralded the end of the New Labour administration and welcomed the ‘fresh thinking’ of a coalition leadership keen to emphasise its progressive attitude towards law and order. While the committee was able to influence the direction of penal policy on several occasions, this mostly occurred as a result of its proactive or niche inquiries. The committee had less impact when conducting inquiries that assessed the government's flagship policy agenda, however. Such findings brought into question the ability of the committee to influence the most significant justice transformations in this era of new penal governance.
Beyond the binaries: reshaping pain communication through arts workshops
Authors: Tarr Jen , Cornish Flora , Gonzalez‐Polledo Elena 
Published: February 2018

AbstractPain is difficult to communicate and translate into language, yet most social research on pain experience uses questionnaires and semi‐structured interviews that rely on words. In addition to the mind/body dualism prevalent in pain medicine in these studies pain communication is characterised by further value‐laden binaries such as real/unreal, visible/invisible, and psychological/physical. Starting from the position that research methods play a role in constituting their object, this article examines the potential of participatory arts workshops for developing different versions of pain communication. Twenty‐two participants were involved in workshops using drawing, digital photography, sound and physical theatre to explore pain communication. The use of arts materials made pain tangible. By manipulating pain‐related objects, participants could consider alternative relationships to their pain. Pain's sociality was also explored, with relations with clinicians and others emerging as potentially cooperative rather than adversarial. Discussions considered whether pain felt internal or external, and whether it was possible to conceive of a self without pain. We argue that the socio‐material context of participatory arts workshops enabled these alternative versions of pain. Such methods are a useful addition to medical sociology's heavy reliance on qualitative interviewing.
An unsettling explanation for the failure of skatole‐baited ovitraps to capture Culex mosquitoes
Authors: Paiva Marcelo H. S. , Barbosa Rosângela M. R. , Santos Suzane A. , Silva Norma M. , Paula Marcia B. , Ayres Constância F. J. , Leal Walter S. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractCulex mosquitoes are primarily found in temperate and tropical regions worldwide where they play a crucial role as main vectors of filarial worms and arboviruses. In Recife, a northeast city in Brazil, high densities of Culex quinquefasciatus are often found in association with human populated areas. In marked contrast to another part of the city, field tests conducted in the neighborhood of Sítio dos Pintos showed that trapping of mosquitoes in skatole‐baited ovitraps did not differ significantly from captures in control (water) traps. Thus, classical and molecular taxonomic approaches were used to analyze the Culex species circulating in Sítio dos Pintos. Results obtained from both approaches agreed on the cocirculation of Culex quinquefasciatus and Culex nigripalpus in three different areas of this neighborhood. What was initially considered as an unexpected failure of this lure turned out to be a more unsettling problem, that is, the first report in Recife of Culex nigripalpus, a vector of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus and West Nile virus. Unplanned urbanization processes close to remnants of the Atlantic forest, such as observed in Sítio dos Pintos, may have contributed to the introduction of Cx. nigripalpus in urban areas.
Tackling Europe's Migration ‘Crisis’ through Law and ‘New Governance’
Authors: Cardwell Paul James 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIt has become commonplace to regard the contemporary state of migration to Europe as a ‘crisis’. The European Union has been under pressure to respond effectively to this ‘crisis’, which has gone to the very top of its policy making agenda. However, despite the legal powers the EU has to regulate migration, legislative measures appear to have declined as an appropriate response. Rather, a constant stream of policy documents has referred to ‘tools’ and ‘instruments’ which appear to fall outside the scope of legislative processes, and the democratic scrutiny which goes hand‐in‐hand with them. This article argues that the practices which are emerging from the institutions can be regarded as instances of ‘new governance’, which are found in other areas of EU activity. To do so highlights the risks associated with using non‐legal tools to deal with an area where there are extremely important consequences for individuals. The policy recommendations highlight the need for vigilance to ensure that the EU's stated values are not undermined in the quest for dealing with the migration ‘crisis’.
Two‐species occupancy modelling accounting for species misidentification and non‐detection
Authors: Chambert Thierry , Grant Evan H. Campbell , Miller David A. W. , Nichols James D. , Mulder Kevin P. , Brand Adrianne B. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

In occupancy studies, species misidentification can lead to false‐positive detections, which can cause severe estimator biases. Currently, all models that account for false‐positive errors only consider omnibus sources of false detections and are limited to single‐species occupancy.

However, false detections for a given species often occur because of the misidentification with another, closely related species. To exploit this explicit source of false‐positive detection error, we develop a two‐species occupancy model that accounts for misidentifications between two species of interest. As with other false‐positive models, identifiability is greatly improved by the availability of unambiguous detections at a subset of site x occasions. Here, we consider the case where some of the field observations can be confirmed using laboratory or other independent identification methods (“confirmatory data”).

We performed three simulation studies to (1) assess the model's performance under various realistic scenarios, (2) investigate the influence of the proportion of confirmatory data on estimator accuracy and (3) compare the performance of this two‐species model with that of the single‐species false‐positive model. The model shows good performance under all scenarios, even when only small proportions of detections are confirmed (e.g. 5%). It also clearly outperforms the single‐species model.

We illustrate application of this model using a 4‐year dataset on two sympatric species of lungless salamanders: the US federally endangered Shenandoah salamander Plethodon shenandoah, and its presumed competitor, the red‐backed salamander Plethodon cinereus. Occupancy of red‐backed salamanders appeared very stable across the 4 years of study, whereas the Shenandoah salamander displayed substantial turnover in occupancy of forest habitats among years.

Given the extent of species misidentification issues in occupancy studies, this modelling approach should help improve the reliability of estimates of species distribution, which is the goal of many studies and monitoring programmes. Further developments, to account for different forms of state uncertainty, can be readily undertaken under our general approach.
Phenological growth stages of Montpelier Rock‐Rose Mediterranean shrub (Cistus monspeliensis): codification and description according to the BBCH scale
Authors: Piga A. , Duce P. , Cesaraccio C. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractShrubland species are important vegetation component resulting from the degradation of Mediterranean forests due to anthropic activities, and constitute the first step of soil covering process subsequent to disturbances such as fire, grazing and deforestation. They represent interesting case studies for their adaptability to challenging climate and soil conditions, and for their potential use in the protection and enhancement of biodiversity. Montpelier Rock‐Rose (Cistus monspeliensis) is a shrubland species growing widespread around the Mediterranean Basin. It is a drought semi‐deciduous species well adapted to cope to the particularly severe climate conditions of this area. The BBCH scale is widely adopted throughout the world for the description of growth developmental stages of several economically important crops but a detailed description of the phenological growth stages of Montpelier Rock‐Rose has never been developed. In this work, the description of the phenological growth stages of Montpelier Rock‐Rose according to the BBCH scale was provided. The description is supplemented by images of principal phenological stages. This work might contribute to a better understanding of the life cycles of Mediterranean shrubland species, providing a useful tool for supporting studies on the responses of shrubs to the seasonal changes due to climate warming.
Cerebrospinal fluid abacavir concentrations in HIV‐positive patients following once‐daily administration
Authors: Calcagno A. , Pinnetti C. , De Nicolò A. , Scarvaglieri E. , Gisslen M. , Tempestilli M. , D'Avolio A. , Fedele V. , Di Perri G. , Antinori A. , Bonora S. 
Published: February 2018

Abacavir is a widely used nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor, for which cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) exposure has been previously assessed in twice‐daily recipients. We studied abacavir CSF concentrations in 61 and nine HIV‐positive patients taking abacavir once daily and twice daily, respectively. Patients on once‐daily abacavir had higher plasma and CSF concentrations (96 vs. 22 ng ml−1, P = 0.038 and 123 vs. 49 ng ml−1, P = 0.038) but similar CSF‐to‐plasma ratios (0.8 vs. 0.5, P = 0.500). CSF abacavir concentrations were adequate in patients receiving once‐daily treatment.
A descriptive systematic review of salivary therapeutic drug monitoring in neonates and infants
Authors: Hutchinson Laura , Sinclair Marlene , Reid Bernadette , Burnett Kathryn , Callan Bridgeen 
Published: February 2018

AimsSaliva, as a matrix, offers many benefits over blood in therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), in particular for infantile TDM. However, the accuracy of salivary TDM in infants remains an area of debate. This review explored the accuracy, applicability and advantages of using saliva TDM in infants and neonates.MethodsDatabases were searched up to and including September 2016. Studies were included based on PICO as follows: P: infants and neonates being treated with any medication, I: salivary TDM vs. C: traditional methods and O: accuracy, advantages/disadvantages and applicability to practice. Compounds were assessed by their physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties, as well as published quantitative saliva monitoring data.ResultsTwenty‐four studies and their respective 13 compounds were investigated. Four neutral and two acidic compounds, oxcarbazepine, primidone, fluconazole, busulfan, theophylline and phenytoin displayed excellent/very good correlation between blood plasma and saliva. Lamotrigine was the only basic compound to show excellent correlation with morphine exhibiting no correlation between saliva and blood plasma. Any compound with an acid dissociation constant (pKa) within physiological range (pH 6–8) gave a more varied response.ConclusionThere is significant potential for infantile saliva testing and in particular for neutral and weakly acidic compounds. Of the properties investigated, pKa was the most influential with both logP and protein binding having little effect on this correlation. To conclude, any compound with a pKa within physiological range (pH 6–8) should be considered with extra care, with the extraction and analysis method examined and optimized on a case‐by‐case basis.
Incidence, prevalence and clinical correlates of antidepressant‐emergent mania in bipolar depression: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Fornaro Michele , Anastasia Annalisa , Novello Stefano , Fusco Andrea , Solmi Marco , Monaco Francesco , Veronese Nicola , De Berardis Domenico , de Bartolomeis Andrea 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundTreatment‐emergent mania (TEM) represents a common phenomenon inconsistently reported across primary studies, warranting further assessment.MethodsA systematic review and meta‐analysis following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) and Meta‐Analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines were conducted. Major electronic databases were searched from inception to May 2017 to assess the incidence and prevalence rates and clinical features associated with manic switch among bipolar depressed patients receiving antidepressants, using meta‐regression and subgroup analysis.ResultsOverall, 10 098 depressed patients with bipolar disorder (BD) across 51 studies/arms were included in the quantitative analysis. The cumulative incidence of cases (TEM+) among 4767 patients with BD over 15 retrospective studies was 30.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 19.6‐45.0%, I2 = 97.9%). The cumulative incidence of TEM+ among 1929 patients with BD over 12 prospective open studies was 14.4% (95% CI 7.4‐26.1%, I2 = 93.7%). The cumulative incidence of TEM+ among 1316 patients with BD over 20 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was 11.8% (95% CI 8.4‐16.34%, I2 = 73.46%). The pooled prevalence of TEM+ among 2086 patients with BD over four cross‐sectional studies was 30.9% (95% CI 18.1‐47.4%, I2 = 95.6%). Overall, concurrent lithium therapy predicted the lowest TEM rates. Inconsistent operational definitions of TEM were recorded, and the lack of information about age, sex, co‐occurring anxiety, and other clinically relevant moderators precluded further stratification of the results.ConclusionsRates of TEM vary primarily depending on study setting, which is concordant with the high degree of heterogeneity of the included records. Forthcoming RCT studies should adopt consistent operational definitions of TEM and broaden the number of moderators, in order to contribute most effectively to the identification of clear‐cut sub‐phenotypes of BD and patient‐tailored pharmacotherapy.
Core outcome sets in dermatology: report from the second meeting of the International Cochrane Skin Group Core Outcome Set Initiative
Authors: Kottner J. , Jacobi L. , Hahnel E. , Alam M. , Balzer K. , Beeckman D. , Busard C. , Chalmers J. , Deckert S. , Eleftheriadou V. , Furlan K. , Horbach S.E.R. , Kirkham J. , Nast A. , Spuls P. , Thiboutot D. , Thorlacius L. , Weller K. , Williams H.C. , Schmitt J. ,   on behalf of the International Cochrane Skin Group Core Outcome Set Initiative (CSG-COUSIN) group
Published: February 2018

Summary
Results of clinical trials are the most important information source for generating external clinical evidence. The use of different outcomes across trials, which investigate similar interventions for similar patient groups, significantly limits the interpretation, comparability and clinical application of trial results. Core outcome sets (COSs) aim to overcome this limitation. A COS is an agreed standardized collection of outcomes that should be measured and reported in all clinical trials for a specific clinical condition. The Core Outcome Set Initiative within the Cochrane Skin Group (CSG-COUSIN) supports the development of core outcomes in dermatology.
In the second CSG-COUSIN meeting held in 2017, 11 COS development groups working on skin diseases presented their current work. The presentations and discussions identified the following overarching methodological challenges for COS development in dermatology: it is not always easy to define the disease focus of a COS; the optimal method for outcome domain identification and level of detail needed to specify such domains is challenging to many; decision rules within Delphi surveys need to be improved; appropriate ways of patient involvement are not always clear. In addition, there appear to be outcome domains that may be relevant as potential core outcome domains for the majority of skin diseases. The close collaboration between methodologists in the Core Outcome Set Initiative and the international Cochrane Skin Group has major advantages for trialists, systematic reviewers and COS developers.