bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and radiographic peri‐implant outcomes of short dental implants placed in posterior jaws of patients with treated generalized aggressive periodontitis: A 3‐year follow‐up study
Authors: Akram Zohaib , Vohra Fahim , Sheikh Saeed A. , Albaijan Refal , Bukhari Ishfaq A. , Hussain Mudassir 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundStudies assessing clinical and radiographic peri‐implant parameters around short dental implants (SDIs) in treated generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP) patients are scant.ObjectivesThis 3‐year follow‐up study aimed to compare the clinical peri‐implant and radiographic bone status around SDIs placed in partially edentulous patients treated for GAgP and periodontally healthy patients and to assess the implant success rate between both the groups.Materials and MethodsA total of seven patients clinically diagnosed with GAgP and seven periodontally healthy patients was included in the clinical study. Forty‐eight (29 maxilla; 19 mandible) and 11 (8 maxilla; 3 mandible) SDIs were placed in the GAgP group and healthy group, respectively. Plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were recorded at six sites around all teeth and implants. Marginal bone loss (MBL) was studied incorporating in a specialized software and examined on a calibrated computer display screen with the help of an image analyzer. Patient satisfaction was recorded using a questionnaire sheet that contained questions regarding esthetics and function of the restorations.ResultsThe implant survival rate after 3 years was 81.25%. BOP and CAL around SDIs of GAgP patients were significantly higher than in periodontally healthy subjects (P = .01) throughout the follow‐up. CAL around the teeth of GAgP patients was significantly greater during the follow‐up than around the teeth of periodontal healthy subjects (P = .02). The PI and BOP between the teeth and implants showed no statistical significant difference. The mean PD at teeth was 0.4 mm greater than at implants. Implants showed significantly increased attachment loss than teeth (P = .01). The overall mean satisfaction of visual analogue scale was 12.8 ± 1.45.ConclusionThis short‐term follow‐up study indicates SDIs remain functionally stable in the posterior jaws of treated GAgP patients.
The use of nonfinancial performance measures in CEO bonus compensation
Authors: Cho MyoJung , Ibrahim Salma , Yan Yan 
Published: April 2019

AbstractResearch Question/IssueIn this study, we explore the relationship between the use of nonfinancial performance measures in Chief Executive Officer (CEO) bonus plans and CEO power, moderated by compensation committee monitoring. Furthermore, we investigate whether the inclusion of nonfinancial performance measures is associated with higher CEO bonus pay sensitivity to shareholder returns.Research Findings/InsightsUsing a sample of FTSE 350 firms during the period 2007–2013, we find that CEO power is significantly negatively related to the propensity of using nonfinancial performance measures. This negative relationship, however, is moderated by higher levels of compensation committee monitoring. We also find that firms combining nonfinancial and financial performance measures in CEO bonus plans tend to have stronger CEO bonus pay sensitivity to shareholder returns than firms using financial measures alone. Thus, our results suggest that boards of directors adopting nonfinancial performance measures are able to better align CEO incentives with shareholder interests. We find similar results when using the weight of nonfinancial performance measures in the bonus plan in our analyses.Theoretical/Academic ImplicationsThis study empirically supports the managerial power theory whereby powerful CEOs influence the choice of performance measures in their bonus plans. However, effective compensation committees are found to attenuate the influence of powerful CEOs and to better align their interests with those of shareholders. Our result of stronger bonus pay sensitivity to shareholder returns for firms combining nonfinancial with financial performance measures implies that the informativeness of these measures enhances the firm's ability to tie CEO bonus compensation to shareholder wealth.Practitioner/Policy ImplicationsThis study offers insights to members of boards of directors, especially compensation committee members, who are interested in improving the design of executive incentive contracts to better align managerial incentives to shareholder interests. Furthermore, the findings inform regulators about the importance of alternative performance measures in pay‐performance sensitivity and may warrant increased firm disclosure of the details of the pay structure.
Suppression of long non‐coding RNA TNRC6C‐AS1 protects against thyroid carcinoma through DNA demethylation of STK4 via the Hippo signalling pathway
Authors: Yang Liu‐Xue , Wu Ji , Guo Man‐Li , Zhang Yong , Ma Shao‐Gang 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjectivesThyroid carcinoma (TC) represents a malignant neoplasm affecting the thyroid. Current treatment strategies include the removal of part of the thyroid; however, this approach is associated with a significant risk of developing hypothyroidism. In order to adequately understand the expression profiles of TNRC6C‐AS1 and STK4 and their potential functions in TC, an investigation into their involvement with Hippo signalling pathway and the mechanism by which they influence TC apoptosis and autophagy were conducted.MethodsA microarray analysis was performed to screen differentially expressed lncRNAs associated with TC. TC cells were employed to evaluate the role of TNRC6C‐AS1 by over‐expression or silencing means. The interaction of TNRC6C‐AS1 with methylation of STK4 promoter was evaluated to elucidate its ability to elicit autophagy, proliferation and apoptosis.ResultsTNRC6C‐AS1 was up‐regulated while STK4 was down‐regulated, where methylation level was elevated. STK4 was verified as a target gene of TNRC6C‐AS1, which was enriched by methyltransferase. Methyltransferase’s binding to STK4 increased expression of its promoter. Over‐expressed TNRC6C‐AS1 inhibited STK4 by promoting STK4 methylation and reducing the total protein levels of MST1 and LATS1/2. The phosphorylation of YAP1 phosphorylation was decreased, which resulted in the promotion of SW579 cell proliferation and tumorigenicity.ConclusionBased on our observations, we subsequently confirmed the anti‐proliferative, pro‐apoptotic and pro‐autophagy capabilities of TNRC6C‐AS1 through STK4 methylation via the Hippo signalling pathway in TC.
Child Rearing, Risk, and Striving for Human Flourishing
Authors: Wolbert Lynne , de Ruyter Doret J. , Schinkel Anders 
Published: April 2019

AbstractParenthood can be characterized as a leap of faith; it is inevitably “risky.” Here, Lynne Wolbert, Doret J. de Ruyter, and Anders Schinkel argue that this characterization of parenthood seems opposite to the current use of the concept of “risk” in contemporary educational theory and policy, which emphasizes that risk is something that is best prevented or avoided. Otto Friedrich Bollnow distinguishes between avoidable risks, on the one hand, and existential risks (Wagnis), on the other. The authors contend that Bollnow's description of education as a Wagnis (1) reinforces the understanding of child rearing and striving for flourishing as inherently uncertain; (2) contributes to a clarification of the ways in which the concept of risk is being used in educational theory and policymaking; and (3) leads us to recognize “trust” as a key concept in discussing risk taking and child rearing.
Response to Edwards and Ogilvie
Authors: Foreman‐Peck James , Zhou Peng 
Published: April 2019

AbstractOur article on ‘Late marriage as a contributor to the industrial revolution in England’ is intended to show that the evidence is consistent with the European marriage pattern being a major influence on long‐run English economic development, through the accumulation of human capital, broadly defined. Edwards and Ogilvie assert that our approach is inadequate because, they claim, we consider neither other influences on English industrialization, such as non‐familial institutions, nor other European economies where marriage age was high throughout the early modern period but where industrialization came later. We do allow for other influences on English industrialization in our model, and the observation that some late industrializers had later marriage than England does not refute our contention, which we test appropriately by simulating the model.
Can mispricing explain the value premium?
Authors: Jaffe Jeffrey F. , Jindra Jan , Pedersen David J. , Voetmann Torben 
Published: April 2019

AbstractEmpirical research finds that stocks with low market‐to‐book (MTB) ratios outperform stocks with high MTB ratios. Rhodes‐Kropf, Robinson, and Viswanathan separate the MTB ratio into mispricing and growth options components. We report that the mispricing component, but not the growth options component, predicts abnormal returns for up to 5 years. We also find that the mispricing component, but not the growth options component, provides incremental information relative to existing asset pricing models. Moreover, after controlling for mispricing, value no longer beats growth. Overall, our evidence is consistent with a behavioral explanation of the value premium.
Regulatory Soft Interventions in the Chinese Market: Compliance Effects and Impact on Option Market Efficiency
Authors: Hilliard Jimmy E. , Zhang Haoran 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSecurities Laws in China are administered by the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC). The CSRC has great flexibility in administering securities laws since the committee represents the will of the state. Under the state‐controlled financial system, the CSRC works closely with state‐controlled financial firms and suggests, but does not mandate, actions to be taken in the equity market, especially during periods of extreme market stress. These suggestions, or soft interventions, have been used to block trades associated with short sales, significantly reducing short‐sales volume. With daily and intraday data, we investigate the impact of these interventions on put‐call parity and implied volatilities. There is overwhelming evidence of increased deviations from put‐call parity and changes in implied volatility after soft interventions. Our results are robust after allowing for bid‐ask spreads, taxes, transaction costs, and difference‐in‐differences comparisons with control securities in the Hong Kong market.
Evolutionary conserved pathway of the innate immune response after a viral insult in Paracentrotus lividus sea urchin
Authors: Chiaramonte Marco , Arizza Vincenzo , Russo Roberta 
Published: April 2019

AbstractDespite the apparent simplicity of the body organization of echinoderms, their immune system is competent to perform a complex innate immune response, which is far from being well understood. The echinoderms represent the most advanced invertebrates that form a bridge with the primitive chordates. In fact, they possess numerous receptors and effectors that are used to obtain a fast immune response. After an infection, the humoral and cellular immune response determines a network in which the main protagonists are membrane and endosomal receptors. The recognition of nonself molecules by specific membrane receptors triggers the immune response, stimulating consecutive intracellular events. We have previously shown how the polyinosinic–polycytidylic acid (polyI:C) that mimics a viral infection is able to induce an immune response in the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus immune cells. It activates a specific membrane receptor belonging to the Toll‐like receptor (TLR) family. Here, we show the activated expression pattern of some genes involved in the downstream cascade of TLR signalling pathway, such as Pl‐Tbk and Pl‐Irf, whose partial sequence was isolated from P. lividus immune cells. Their mRNA expression increases consequentially to the polyI:C stimulation and in a temporal way. In addition, we analysed the expression of Pl‐NF‐kB and we found that its upregulation was time‐dependent, preceding Pl‐Tbk and Pl‐Irf increase. Protein analysis showed that also some cytokine (TNF‐α and IL‐1α) expression increased after polyI:C insult. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to discover the molecular mechanisms of the innate defence strategies, similarly to vertebrates, implemented by the sea urchins in order to cope with viral infection challenge.
Percentage of hypochromic red cells as a potential screening test to evaluate iron status in blood donors
Authors: Amir Noraini , Md Noor Sabariah , Subbiah Indhira , Osman Malina , Seman Zainina 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIntroductionHaemoglobin (Hb) levels are used to assess eligibility for blood donation but are not correlated with iron status. The percentage of hypochromic red cells (%Hypo‐He) has been suggested as a useful screening parameter for iron deficiency. The aim of this study was to determine the cut‐off level and accuracy of %Hypo‐He screening among blood donors.Materials and MethodsA total of 170 blood donors were recruited into the study. Blood donors were classified into three groups: normal, latent iron deficiency and iron deficiency anaemia based on their Hb, serum ferritin and transferrin saturation (TSAT) levels. The diagnostic performance of %Hypo‐He was evaluated with a validation group comprising 160 blood donors.ResultsReceiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that %Hypo‐He is an excellent parameter for detecting iron deficiency, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.906, a confidence interval (CI) of 0.854‐0.957 at a cut‐off of 0.6%, and 74.51% sensitivity and 88.24% specificity. A moderate negative correlation between %Hypo‐He and TSAT (ρ = −0.576 [P < 0.001]) and a strong negative correlation between %Hypo‐He and serum ferritin (ρ = −0.703 [P < 0.001]) were found. A cut‐off value of 0.6% was applied to the validation group and showed 82.9% sensitivity and 96% specificity.Conclusion%Hypo‐He with a cut‐off value of 0.6% is a potential parameter with high sensitivity and specificity for evaluating iron status among blood donors. This parameter is suitable for screening because its measurement has a faster turnaround time than biochemical markers.
Public health nurses’ perinatal mental health training needs: A cross sectional survey
Authors: Noonan Maria , Galvin Rose , Jomeen Julie , Doody Owen 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimTo examine public health nurses’ education, training, and professional support needs in perinatal mental health.BackgroundPublic health nurses have a key role in supporting maternal mental health including screening, support, referral, and decreasing stigmatization.DesignA cross‐sectional survey.MethodsData were collected from a convenience sample of Irish public health nurses (N = 105) from December 2016–February 2018. The anonymous postal survey consisted of the Perinatal Mental Health Questionnaire, Mental Illness: Clinician's Attitudes scale and Perinatal Mental Health Learning Needs questionnaire.ResultsPublic health nurses reported good levels of knowledge (77.2%) and confidence (83.8%) in recognising women experiencing stress, anxiety and depression. They indicated less confidence in caring (50.5%) for women. The average score for the Mental Illness: Clinician's Attitudes scale was 35.9 (SD 5.9), suggesting positive attitudes towards women with significant mental illness.ConclusionPublic health nurses require educational opportunities to explore expressions of psychological distress across cultures and their own personal attitudes to mental health, systems of clinical supervision, and support pathways.ImpactGenerating new knowledge on the importance of incorporating an attitude component in perinatal mental health education for public health nurses.
Effects of digital terrain model uncertainties on high‐resolution urban flood damage assessment
Authors: Arrighi Chiara , Campo Lorenzo 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis work investigates the impact of high‐resolution digital terrain model (DTM) uncertainties on the estimation of urban flood losses. Starting from a Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR)‐derived DTM of an urban area, four digital terrain representations (raw data, building footprints filled, buildings as waterproof blocks, and different elevation data merged) are used to generate a computational mesh to run a 2D flood model for three inundation scenarios, differing in flood volumes. The most detailed DTM is obtained by merging the DTM with elevation points based on a two‐step optimal interpolation algorithm. A flood damage model based on stage‐damage curves is used to estimate monetary losses to structures at the building scale. Flood maps and flood losses are then compared for each terrain representation. The application of the method to an Italian urban district shows that (a) a significant mismatch between manually surveyed elevation points and DTM can be observed, (b) different sources of elevation data can be merged to obtain an optimal representation of the terrain, (c) in dense urban settlements, important differences in flood extent and losses (up to 180%) occur depending on terrain representation. Considerations on time effort required by the increasing detail of the DTM and on the transferability of the results are presented.
Decreasing length of limb immobilisation following nonelective transfemoral percutaneous coronary intervention: A randomised clinical trial
Authors: Santos Vinicius Batista , Melo Luize Máximo e , Assis Ana Raquel Viegas de , Moraes Juliana Brito de , Lopes Camila Takao , Lopes Juliana de Lima , Barros Alba Lucia Bottura Leite de 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo assess the intensity and frequency of pain, use of analgesic drugs, and the incidence of paraesthesia, urinary retention and vascular complications upon decreasing affected limb immobilisation from 4–2 hrs after sheath removal in patients submitted to transfemoral percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).BackgroundAfter sheath removal from the femoral artery following urgent or emergency PCI, patients are maintained with limb immobilisation for a mean period of 4 hr.DesignRandomised clinical trial (RCT) based on the CONSORT guidelines.MethodRandomised clinical trial was performed in patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome submitted to transfemoral PCI. The intervention group was submitted to a supine position with the head of the bed elevated (30‐degree angle) with affected limb immobilisation for 2 hr after sheath removal and the control group for 4 hrs. The outcomes were pain complaints, need for analgesic drugs, incidence of paraesthesia, urinary retention and vascular complications. The outcomes were assessed immediately, 6, 12 and 24 hr after release from limb immobilisation before the patients were released from bed rest.ResultsA total of 150 patients (75 in each group) participated in the study. No significant differences in outcomes were observed between the groups, except in relation to the haematoma formation that was higher in the intervention group.ConclusionA reduced length of limb immobilisation after sheath removal following PCI does not change the frequency and intensity of pain, need of analgesic drugs, urinary retention and paraesthesia. The incidence of haematoma was higher in the intervention group, without significant clinical manifestations.Relevance to clinical practiceThe results of this study can be considered for patients submitted to elective, urgent or emergency PCI, who have a lower risk of complications, thereby allowing for decreased periods of limb immobilisation.
Nurses' information practice in municipal health care—A web‐like landscape
Authors: Østensen Elisabeth , Bragstad Line Kildal , Hardiker Nicholas R. , Hellesø Ragnhild 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimTo uncover the characteristics of nurses' information practice in municipal health care and to address how, when and why various pieces of information are produced, shared and managed.BackgroundNursing documentation in the electronic patient record has repeatedly been found unsatisfactory. Little is known about how the information practice of nurses in municipal health care actually is borne out. In order to understand why nursing documentation continues to fail at living up to the expected requirements, a better understanding of nurses' information practice is needed.DesignA qualitative observational field study. The study complied with the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research.MethodsEmpirical data were collected in three Norwegian municipalities through participant observations and individual interviews with 17 registered nurses on regular day shifts. The data were analysed through thematic content analysis.ResultsNurses' information practice in municipal health care can be described as complex. The complexity is reflected in four themes that emerged from the data: (1) web of information sources, (2) knowing the patient and information redundancy, (3) asynchronous information practice and (4) compensatory workarounds.ConclusionsThe complex and asynchronous nature of nurses' information practice affected both how and when information was produced, recorded and shared. When available systems lacked functions the nurses wanted, they created compensatory workarounds. Although electronic patient record was an important part of their information practice, nurses in long‐term care often knew their patients well, which meant that a lot of information about the patients was in their heads, and that searching for information in the electronic patient record sometimes seemed redundant.Relevance to clinical practiceThis study provides contextual knowledge that might be valuable (a) in the further development of information systems tailored to meet nurses' information needs and (b) when studying patient safety in relation to nurses' information practice.