bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly Efficient Circularly Polarized Electroluminescence from Aggregation‐Induced Emission Luminogens with Amplified Chirality and Delayed Fluorescence
Authors: Song Fengyan , Xu Zeng , Zhang Qiushuo , Zhao Zheng , Zhang Haoke , Zhao Weijun , Qiu Zijie , Qi Chunxuan , Zhang Han , Sung Herman H. Y. , Williams Ian D. , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Zhao Zujin , Qin Anjun , Ma Dongge , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: February 2018

AbstractDevelopment of highly efficient circularly polarized organic light‐emitting diodes (CPOLEDs) has gained increasing interest as they show improved luminous efficiency and high contract 3D images in OLED displays. In this work, a series of binaphthalene‐containing luminogenic enantiomers with aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) and delayed fluorescence properties is designed and synthesized. These molecules can emit from green to red light depending on the solvent polarity due to the twisted intramolecular charge transfer effect. However, their solid powders show bright light emissions, demonstrating a phenomenon of AIE. All the molecules exhibit Cotton effects and circularly polarized luminescence in toluene solution and films. Multilayer CPOLEDs using the doped and neat films of the molecules as emitting layers are fabricated, which exhibit high external quantum efficiency of up to 9.3% and 3.5% and electroluminescence dissymmetry factor (gEL) of up to +0.026/−0.021 and +0.06/−0.06, respectively. Compared with doped CPOLEDs, the nondoped ones show higher gEL and much smaller current efficiency roll‐off due to the stronger AIE effect. By altering the donor unit, the electroluminescence maximum of the doped film can vary from 493 to 571 nm. As far as it is known, this is the first example of efficient CPOLEDs based on small chiral organic molecules.
In Situ Polymerization of Nanostructured Conductive Polymer on 3D Sulfur/Carbon Nanofiber Composite Network as Cathode for High‐Performance Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Zhu Pei , Zhu Jiadeng , Yan Chaoyi , Dirican Mahmut , Zang Jun , Jia Hao , Li Ya , Kiyak Yasar , Tan Hongsheng , Zhang Xiangwu 
Published: February 2018

AbstractLithium–sulfur (Li‐S) batteries have been considered as a promising next‐generation energy storage system. However, practical application of Li‐S batteries is hindered by the nonconductive nature of sulfur (S) and continuous capacity fading during cycling. Here, a simple but effective strategy is proposed to fabricate high‐performance Li‐S batteries by in situ polymerization of polyaniline (PANi)/S/carbon nanofiber (CNF) cathode. Compared to traditional carbon black/S cathodes and other cathode materials with PANi polymer, this effective three‐dimensional (3D) cathode design has several advantages: (i) the interconnected and highly conductive CNF/PANi network structure facilitates the electron transfer between the insulating S and conductive CNF mat; (ii) the CNF/PANi network structure, with abundant oxygen and nitrogen heteroatoms, offers strong adsorption for the polysulfides; (iii) the 3D architecture of CNF/S/PANi helps accommodate the volume change of S during cycling and maintain the structural integrity of the cathode; (iv) the easy and simple fabrication process minimizes the time and energy costs; and (v) the freestanding composite cathode without additional polymer binder contributes to higher energy density of Li‐S batteries. With all the advantages mentioned above, Li‐S cells present a high S utilization with stable cycling performance for over 300 cycles with a low capacity decay rate of 0.08% cycle−1.
Environmental Control of the Topological Transition in Metal/Photoemissive‐Blend Metamaterials
Authors: Caligiuri Vincenzo , Lento Raffaella , Ricciardi Loredana , Termine Roberto , La Deda Massimo , Siprova Svetlana , Golemme Attilio , De Luca Antonio 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe quest for unconventional optical materials finds natural answers in the field of plasmonics. Here, special composites can manifest singularities in their dielectric permittivity. The so‐called epsilon‐near‐zero (εNZ) condition is typically encountered in artificial materials called hyperbolic metamaterials (HMMs). Unfortunately, tuning the HMMs εNZ is still challenging. Here it is demonstrated how the εNZ frequency of an HMM can be reversibly tuned via thermally induced water absorption/desorption. The key element is a dielectric hygroscopic material, consisting of a blend of a polymer, a sol–gel unsintered TiO2, and an organic dye. Due to the hygroscopic nature of unsintered TiO2, an increase of temperature induces a reversible physical contraction of the thickness of the dielectric blend, as well as an increase of refractive index. This causes a remarkable 45 nm shift of the absorption peak of the embedded dye, acting as a chromatic label. When such a blend is embedded in an HMM, a reversible thermal tuning of the overall optical response, as well as an epsilon‐near‐zero wavelength shift by about 25 nm, is induced. The remarkable tuning range shown here, besides obvious HMM‐based temperature sensing applications, paves the way toward a plethora of new functions in which tunable εNZ materials are needed.
Ni‐Catalyzed C−F Bond Functionalization of Unactivated Aryl Fluorides and Corresponding Coupling with Oxazoles
Authors: Yin Youzhi , Yue Xiaoyu , Zhong Qi , Jiang Hanmin , Bai Ruopeng , Lan Yu , Zhang Hua 
Published: February 2018

AbstractA Ni‐catalyzed C−F bond functionalization of unactivated aryl fluorides with oxazoles as coupling partners was developed. Various arylated oxazoles could be obtained in moderate to good yields in the presence of Ni(cod)2/IMes catalytic system. A rapid synthesis of natural product texaline was also demonstrated using this protocol. This transformation could be potentially utilized in regioselective introduction of an oxazole group in late‐stage synthetic applications.magnified image
Advances in In Situ Techniques for Characterization of Failure Mechanisms of Li‐Ion Battery Anodes
Authors: Hapuarachchi Sashini N. S. , Sun Ziqi , Yan Cheng 
Published: February 2018

AbstractLi‐ion rechargeable battery, the prevailing market leader for energy storage applications throughout the past few decades, needs to be improved greatly in terms of capacity, cycling performance, and safety to cater future generation energy requirements. The failure of electrode materials, which leads to early capacity decay and safety issues in existing Li‐ion batteries, however, is still a technical challenge and deserves further investigation. In this review, recent advances in how in situ characterization techniques can be adopted to understand material failure mechanisms in Li‐ion battery are highlighted with a focus on failure and degradation of negative electrode materials. The information presented in this article is believed to be beneficial to application of advanced in situ characterization techniques in the development of next‐generation battery systems with improved electrochemical properties and structural integrity.
Current topics in the surgical treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Ban Daisuke , Ogura Toshiro , Akahoshi Keiichi , Tanabe Minoru 
Published: February 2018

AbstractTreatment strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) requires optimal selection of therapies based on various factors related to tumor condition and liver functional reserve. Although several evidence‐based guidelines have been proposed for the treatment of HCC, the criteria and range of indications differ among these guidelines according to the circumstances of each country. In European nations and the USA, patients with the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage 0‐A are subjects for surgical resection, whereas in Asian countries, even those with the intermediate stage are regarded as surgical candidates. Furthermore, since the recent introduction and rapidly widely spreading use of laparoscopic liver resection, this technique has become an important treatment option for surgical resection. In this review article, we overview the current topics of treatment of HCC with a special focus on surgical therapy.
Paradoxical septal motion: A diagnostic approach and clinical relevance
Authors: Clancy David J. , Mclean Anthony , Slama Michel , Orde Sam R. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAbnormal septal motion (commonly referred to as septal bounce) is a common echocardiographic finding that occurs with several conditions, including the following: mitral stenosis, left bundle branch block, pericardial syndromes and severe pulmonary hypertension. We explore the subtle changes that occur on M‐mode imaging of the septum, other associated echocardiographic features, the impact of inspiratory effort on septal motion and relevant clinical findings. Finally, we discuss the impact of abnormal septal motion on cardiac form and function, proposing there is a clinically significant impact on biventricular filling and ejection.
Simultaneous Fenton‐like Ion Delivery and Glutathione Depletion by MnO2‐Based Nanoagent to Enhance Chemodynamic Therapy
Authors: Lin Li‐Sen , Song Jibin , Song Liang , Ke Kaimei , Liu Yijing , Zhou Zijian , Shen Zheyu , Li Juan , Yang Zhen , Tang Wei , Niu Gang , Yang Huang‐Hao , Chen Xiaoyuan 
Published: February 2018

AbstractChemodynamic therapy (CDT) utilizes iron‐initiated Fenton chemistry to destroy tumor cells by converting endogenous H2O2 into the highly toxic hydroxyl radical (.OH). There is a paucity of Fenton‐like metal‐based CDT agents. Intracellular glutathione (GSH) with .OH scavenging ability greatly reduces CDT efficacy. A self‐reinforcing CDT nanoagent based on MnO2 is reported that has both Fenton‐like Mn2+ delivery and GSH depletion properties. In the presence of HCO3−, which is abundant in the physiological medium, Mn2+ exerts Fenton‐like activity to generate .OH from H2O2. Upon uptake of MnO2‐coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MS@MnO2 NPs) by cancer cells, the MnO2 shell undergoes a redox reaction with GSH to form glutathione disulfide and Mn2+, resulting in GSH depletion‐enhanced CDT. This, together with the GSH‐activated MRI contrast effect and dissociation of MnO2, allows MS@MnO2 NPs to achieve MRI‐monitored chemo–chemodynamic combination therapy.
Mechanism‐Based Condition Screening for Sustainable Catalysis in Single‐Electron Steps by Cyclic Voltammetry
Authors: Liedtke Theresa , Spannring Peter , Riccardi Ludovico , Gansäuer Andreas 
Published: February 2018

AbstractA cyclic‐voltammetry‐based screening method for Cp2TiX‐catalyzed reactions is introduced. Our mechanism‐based approach enables the study of the influence of various additives on the electrochemically generated active catalyst Cp2TiX, which is in equilibrium with catalytically inactive [Cp2TiX2]−. Thioureas and ureas are most efficient in the generation of Cp2TiX in THF. Knowing the precise position of the equilibrium between Cp2TiX and [Cp2TiX2]− allowed us to identify reaction conditions for the bulk electrolysis of Cp2TiX2 complexes and for Cp2TiX‐catayzed radical arylations without having to carry out the reactions. Our time‐ and resource‐efficient approach is of general interest for the design of catalytic reactions that proceed in single‐electron steps.
Narrow‐Bandgap Chalcogenoviologens for Electrochromism and Visible‐Light‐Driven Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Li Guoping , Xu Letian , Zhang Weidong , Zhou Kun , Ding Yousong , Liu Fenglin , He Xiaoming , He Gang 
Published: February 2018

AbstractA series of electron‐accepting chalcogen‐bridged viologens with narrow HOMO–LUMO bandgaps and low LUMO levels is reported. The optoelectronic properties of chalcogenoviologens can be readily tuned through heavy atom substitution (S, Se and Te). Herein, in situ electrochemical spectroscopy was performed on the proof‐of‐concept electrochromic devices (ECD). E‐BnV2+ (E=Se, Te; BnV2+=benzyl viologen) was used for the visible‐light‐driven hydrogen evolution due to the strong visible‐light absorption. Remarkably, E‐BnV2+ was not only used as a photosensitizer, but also as an electron mediator, providing a new strategy to explore photocatalysts. The higher apparent quantum yield of Se‐BnV2+ could be interpreted in terms of different energy levels, faster electron‐transfer rates and faster formation of radical species.
Antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of nanochelating based silver nanoparticles against several nosocomial pathogens
Authors: Hoseini‐Alfatemi Seyedeh Mahsan , Karimi Abdollah , Armin Shahnaz , Fakharzadeh Saideh , Fallah Fatemeh , Kalanaky Somayeh 
Published: February 2018

The emergence of multi‐drug resistant (MDR) bacteria and dynamic pattern of infectious diseases demand to develop alternative and more effective therapeutic strategies. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are among the most widely commercialized engineered nanomaterials, because of their unique properties and increasing use for various applications in nanomedicine. This study for the first time aimed to evaluate the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of newly synthesized nanochelating based AgNPs against several Gram‐positive and ‐negative nosocomial pathogens.Nanochelating technology was used to design and synthesize the AgNPs. The cytotoxicity was tested in human cell line using the MTT assay. AgNPs minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by standard broth microdilution. Antibiofilm activity was assayed by a microtiter‐plate screening method.The two synthesized AgNPs including AgNPs (A) with the size of about 20‐25 nm, and AgNPs (B) with 30‐35 nm were tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. AgNPs exhibited higher antibacterial activity against Gram‐positive strains. AgNPs were found to significantly inhibit the biofilm formation of tested strains in concentration 0.01 to 10 mg/mL. AgNPs (A) showed significant effective antibiofilm activity compared to AgNPs (B).In summary, our results showed the promising antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of our new nanochelating based synthesized AgNPs against several nosocomial pathogens.
Efficient and Response Surface Optimized Aqueous Enzymatic Extraction of Camellia oleifera (Tea Seed) Oil Facilitated by Concurrent Calcium Chloride Addition
Authors: Meng Xianghe , Ge Hangli , Ye Qin , Peng Li , Wang Zhongjiang , Jiang Lianzhou 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis paper reports an efficient aqueous enzymatic extraction (AEE) method for Camellia oleifera seed oil with the aid of response surface analysis. A maximum oil recovery of ~93.5% was obtained when a 2‐step AEE process was performed using 0.80% cellulase (v/w) solution at pH 6.0 maintained at 50 °C for 1 h followed by a solution of 0.70% Alcalase® with pH 9.2 at 57 °C for 4.1 h. It was found that the addition of Ca2+ during the proteolysis stage improved the free oil yield from ~62.1 to ~86.6%. This was attributed to the removal of tea saponins, cross‐linkage of anionic polysaccharides, and destabilization of cream emulsion by Ca2+. This was verified by decreased tea saponin and polysaccharide levels in the cream emulsion and bulk solution as well as lowering of the emulsion fraction. It was determined that addition of CaCl2 solution in continuous flow to the proteolysate is superior to one‐time or batch addition in inhibiting emulsion formation. The addition of CaCl2 may provide a means of replacing the more laborious, time‐consuming demulsification process otherwise required.
Biolubricant Production of 2‐Ethylhexyl Palmitate by Transesterification Over Unsupported Potassium Carbonate
Authors: Zheng Ting , Wu Zhenyu , Xie Qinglong , Lu Meizhen , Xia Fan , Wang Guangquan , Nie Yong , Ji Jianbing 
Published: February 2018

AbstractOwing to the decrease of global oil price, development of downstream value‐added products is important to biodiesel industry. In this study, we used palmitic acid methyl ester (PAME) as a starting material to produce 2‐ethylhexyl palmitate (2‐EHP), an environmentally friendly biolubricant product, which was derived from the transesterification of fatty acid methyl esters and long chain fatty alcohols. Conventional synthetic routes of 2‐EHP have disadvantages, including high catalyst price, low conversion efficiency, and pollution issues. To solve these problems, in situ transesterification of PAME with 2‐ethylhexanol (2‐EH) was conducted over unsupported potassium carbonate as heterogeneous catalyst. The optimal reaction temperature, 2‐EH to PAME molar ratio, and catalyst to PAME mass ratio were 180 °C, 3:1, and 3.0 wt%, respectively. The PAME conversion reached up to 100% within 1 hour under the optimal conditions. In addition, a kinetic model describing the experimental data over a temperature range of 160–180 °C was developed. The dependence of kinetic rate constant (k) on temperature was evaluated, and the activation energy (Ea) for the transesterification of PAME with 2‐EH was calculated to be 57.04 kJ mol−1.
Reversible photochromic nanofibrous membranes with excellent water/windproof and breathable performance
Authors: Liu Meng‐Nan , Yan Xu , You Ming‐Hao , Fu Jie , Nie Guang‐Di , Yu Miao , Ning Xin , Wan Yong , Long Yun‐Ze 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTElectrospun nanofibrous membranes (NFMs) with outstanding photochromic property, waterproof, and breathability have attracted considerable interest owing to their multifunctional applications in intelligent clothing, self‐cleaning, and protection. However, great challenges still remain in creating such functional materials. A novel waterproof–breathable membrane with robust photochromic property is fabricated by introducing photochromic microcapsule (PM) into electrospun thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) membranes. Compared with the pristine TPU NFMs, the composite TPU/PM membranes are endowed with reversible photochromic properties. In addition, the composite membranes not only exhibited a water contact angle of 137° and a milk contact angle of 130°, but also had integrated properties of modest water vapor transmittance rate of 19,278 g m−2 day−1, high air permeability of 962 mm s−1, low waterproofness of 2.813 kPa, and comparable tensile strength of 12.08 MPa. Furthermore, the convenience and efficiency of this fabrication process will allow for large‐scale production of the multifunctional NFMs. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46342.
Synthesis and characterization of poly(methyl methacrylate)/polysiloxane composites and their coating properties
Authors: Xing ChengPeng , He Ting , Peng YinJie , Li RuiHai 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTA series of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/polysiloxane composites and their coatings were prepared as designed. A copolymer (PMMAVTEOS) containing methyl methacrylate (MMA) and vinyltriethoxysilane (VTEOS) was prepared by free radical polymerization and then condensed with methyl triethoxysilane (MTES) to fabricate PMMA/polysiloxane composites; their corresponding coatings were obtained via a curing process in an oven (at 75 °C). The polymers were characterized by gel permeation chromatography and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The surface property, hardness, water contact angle, thermal stability, and optical property of the coatings were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, pencil hardness testing, water contact angle testing, thermogravimetric analysis, and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, respectively. The results showed that, after addition of MMA, the pencil hardness of the coatings was reduced from 6H to 2H and the thermal stability decreased from 365 to 314 °C. However, it increased the flexibility and adhesion properties (the water contact angle increased from 94.7° to 102.1°). The transparent PMMA/polysiloxane coatings showed excellent scratch resistance, a smooth surface, high thermal stability, and a strong adhesion property. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46358.
Polydimethylsiloxane‐modified polyurethane–poly(ɛ‐caprolactone) nanofibrous membranes for waterproof, breathable applications
Authors: Gu Xianyuan , Li Ni , Gu Haihong , Xia Xin , Xiong Jie 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTIn this study, we prepared polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)‐modified polyurethane–poly(ɛ‐caprolactone) nanofibrous membranes with excellent waterproof, breathable performances via an electrospinning technique. Field emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and mechanical testing were used to characterize the morphologies and properties of the composite nanofibers. The fiber diameter and porous structure of the membranes were regulated by the adjustment of the temperatures of thermal treatment and the PDMS concentrations. The fibrous membranes obtained at a typical temperature of 70 °C possessed an optimized fibrous structure with a diameter of 514 ± 2 nm, a pore size of 0.55–0.65 µm, and a porosity of 77.7%. The resulting nanofibrous membranes modified with 5 wt % PDMS were endowed with good waterproof properties (water contact angle = 141 ± 1°, hydrostatic pressure = 73.6 kPa) and a high breathability (air permeability rate = 6.57 L m−2 s−1, water vapor transmission rate = 9.03 kg m−2 day−1). Meanwhile, the membranes exhibited robust mechanical properties with a high strength (breakage stress = 11.7 MPa) and excellent thermal stability. This suggests that they would be promising candidates for waterproof, breathable applications. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46360.
Preparation of hydrolysis of poly(acrylonitrile‐co‐methyl acrylate) membranes via thermally induced phase separation: Effects of hydrolysis conditions and additives
Authors: Zhang Longfei , Han Na , Tan Linli , Qian Yongqiang , Cui Zhenyu , Cai Jun 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTIn this work, melt processable poly(acrylonitrile‐co‐methyl acrylate) [(P(AN‐MA)] was hydrolyzed first and then formed into microporous membrane via thermally induced phase separation. In order to optimize the hydrolysis condition and fabricate hydrophilic PAN‐based membranes, a series of hydrolysis experiments were performed to indicate the influence of hydrolysis temperature, alkaline species and time. The structure and properties of hydrolyzed P(AN‐MA) [H‐P(AN‐MA)] membranes were also investigated. It was found that with the increase of hydrolysis temperature, pure water flux (PWF) increased first and then decreased. When the hydrolysis temperature increased to 30 °C, the PWF of the H‐P(AN‐MA) membrane was up to the maximum of 6712.7 L/m2 h, which increased by 1661.6 L/m2 h, compared with the P(AN‐MA) membranes. When 1 wt % sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was incorporated into the diluents, the PWF increased dramatically, especially in high hydrolysis temperature. When the hydrolysis temperature was up to 70 °C, the PWF of H‐P(AN‐MA) membranes containing 1 wt % SDS increased by 2.3 times compared to the sample without SDS under the same condition. With 2 wt % amino functionalized multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs‐NH2) employed as the additive, the tensile strength was up to 4.55 MPa. When 1 wt % SDS and 0.5 wt % MWCNTs‐NH2 were mixed together, the bovine serum albumin rejection increased from 31.2% to 40.9%. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46380.