bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endocrine‐related quality of life in a randomized trial of exercise on aromatase inhibitor–induced arthralgias in breast cancer survivors
Authors: Baglia Michelle L. , Lin I‐Hsin , Cartmel Brenda , Sanft Tara , Ligibel Jennifer , Hershman Dawn L. , Harrigan Maura , Ferrucci Leah M. , Li Fang‐Yong , Irwin Melinda L. 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundThe objective of this study was to evaluate the role of a 12‐month exercise intervention on endocrine‐related quality of life (QOL) and overall QOL among breast cancer survivors with aromatase inhibitor (AI)‐induced arthralgia in the Hormones and Physical Exercise (HOPE) Study.MethodsThis was a randomized controlled trial of 121 breast cancer survivors who were currently receiving AIs and experiencing at least mild arthralgia. QOL was assessed using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT) questionnaires and the 36‐Item Short Form Survey (SF‐36) at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. Participants were randomized to either a 1‐year gym‐based, supervised exercise intervention group (150 minutes of aerobic exercise and 2 strength‐training sessions each week) or a usual care group. Effects of the intervention on QOL were assessed using mixed‐model, repeated‐measures analysis.ResultsAt 12 months, the exercise group had greater improvement in the overall QOL measures as well as the breast cancer‐specific (scores, 2.2 vs 0.7; P = .02), endocrine‐specific (scores, 5.6 vs 1.6; P < .001), and fatigue‐specific (score, 5.8 vs 0.5; P < .001) subscales compared with the usual care group. The results indicated a stronger effect at 12 months versus 6 months after the intervention.ConclusionsCombined aerobic and resistance exercise, such as treadmill walking and strength training, improved endocrine‐related and overall QOL among breast cancer survivors who were experiencing adverse side effects from AIs. Because adverse side effects associated with AI use are quite common and this is the main reason for treatment discontinuation, this nonpharmacologic intervention could benefit many breast cancer survivors and increase successful adherence to AIs in breast cancer treatment.
Effect of bilateral carotid occlusion on cerebral hemodynamics and perivascular innervation: An experimental rat model
Authors: Rots M. L. , de Borst G. J. , van der Toorn A. , Moll F. L. , Pennekamp C. W. A. , Dijkhuizen R. M. , Bleys R. L. A. W. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe aimed to investigate the effect of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion on cerebral hemodynamics and perivascular nerve density in a rat model. Bilateral common carotid artery (CCA) ligation (n = 24) or sham‐operation (n = 24) was performed with a 1‐week interval. A subgroup (ligated n = 6; sham‐operated n = 3) underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before the procedures and 2 and 4 weeks after the second procedure. After termination, carotids were harvested for assessment of complete ligation and nerve density in cerebral arteries that were stained for the general neural marker PGP 9.5 and sympathetic marker TH by computerized image analysis. Five rats were excluded because of incomplete ligation. MRI‐based tortuosity of the posterior communicating artery (Pcom), first part of the posterior cerebral artery (P1) and basilar artery was observed in the ligated group, as well as an increased volume (p = 0.05) and relative signal intensity in the basilar artery (p = 0.04; sham‐group unchanged). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that compared to sham‐operated rats, ligated rats had increased diameters of all intracircular segments and the extracircular part of the internal carotid artery (p < 0.05). Ligated rats showed a higher general nerve density compared to controls in P1 (10%, IQR:8.7–10.5 vs. 6.6%, IQR:5.5–7.4, p = 0.003) and Pcom segments (6.4%, IQR:5.8–6.5 vs. 3.2%, IQR:2.4–4.3, p = 0.003) and higher sympathetic nerve density in Pcom segments (3.7%, IQR:2.8–4.8 vs. 1.7%, IQR:1.3–2.2, p = 0.02). Bilateral CCA occlusion resulted in redistribution of blood flow to posteriorly located cerebral arteries with remarkable changes in morphology and perivascular nerve density, suggesting a functional role for perivascular nerves in cerebral autoregulation.
Deterministic and non‐deterministic query optimization techniques in the cloud computing
Authors: Azhir Elham , Jafari Navimipour Nima , Hosseinzadeh Mehdi , Sharifi Arash , Darwesh Aso 
Published: March 2019

SummaryQuery optimization is considered as one of the main challenges of query processing phases in the cloud environments. The query optimizer attempts to provide the most optimal execution plan by considering the possible query plans. Therefore, the execution cost of a query can be affected by some factors, including communication costs, unavailability of resources, and access to large distributed data sets. In addition, it is known as NP‐hard problem and many researchers are focused on this problem in recent years. Some techniques are proposed for solving this problem. Deterministic and non‐deterministic methods are two main categories to study these techniques. The deterministic and non‐deterministic query optimization methods can be further divided into three subcategories, cost‐based query plan enumeration, multiple query optimization, and adaptive query optimization methods. Moreover, this paper presents the advantages and disadvantages of the algorithms for solving the query optimization problems in the cloud environments. Moreover, these techniques are compared in terms of optimization, time, cost, efficiency, and scalability. Finally, some key areas are offered to improve the cloud query optimization mechanisms in the future.
Early maladaptive schemas in patients with somatoform disorders and somatization
Authors: Henker Jana , Keller Andrea , Reiss Neele , Siepmann Martin , Croy Ilona , Weidner Kerstin 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMaladaptive schemas are stable relational patterns that develop through harmful childhood experiences with primary caregivers. Schemas within somatoform disorders are rarely explored even though these disorders are clinically important due to high prevalence, co‐morbidity, and cost for the health care system. This study investigates schemas according to Young's schema theory in patients with somatoform disorders in comparison with healthy controls and patients with depressive or anxiety disorders. Further associations between schemas and somatization were explored. We included 134 patients with a somatoform disorder and 39 age‐matched healthy controls, 83 patients with a unipolar depression, and 34 patients with an anxiety disorder. The clinical sample consists of day care patients, diagnosed with the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, but without a personality disorder. Primary measures were the Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ‐S2), the Screening for Somatoform Disorders (SOMS‐7T), the Beck Depression Inventory, Second Edition, and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Analyses of variance indicated that somatoform patients scored higher on almost all schemas than do healthy controls (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.148). The highest mean scores were reached for the schemas “self‐sacrifice” and “unrelenting standards,” with significant higher values in the patient sample. However, when compared with patients with depressive or anxiety disorders, somatoform patients scored equally or even lower. High somatization was associated with generally higher schema activation. This effect was to a great extent mediated by depressive symptoms. Only the schema “vulnerability to harm or illness” was exclusively related to somatization. These findings suggest that schemas should be systematically assessed within psychotherapy of somatoform patients.
Improved Reactor Productivity for the Safe Photo‐Oxidation of Citronellol Under Visible Light LED Irradiation
Authors: Hamami Zine Eddine , Vanoye Laurent , Fongarland Pascal , de Bellefon Claude , Favre‐Réguillon Alain 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by Jaqueline Leib, the Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés Catalytiques (UMR CNRS 5285, Université de Lyon/CPE Lyon) and the Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers. The image shows the transformation of citronellol (main constituent of the essential oil from geranium, Pelargonium graveolens) by photo‐oxygenation to give rose oxide, a floral green note, with a strong, diffusive rose scent. The productivity as well as the safety of the process was improved using a photo‐microreactor. Read the full text of the Communication at 10.1002/cptc.201800201.
Difference in reproductive mode rather than ploidy explains niche differentiation in sympatric sexual and apomictic populations ofPotentilla puberula
Authors: Alonso‐Marcos Henar , Nardi Flavia Domizia , Scheffknecht Susanne , Tribsch Andreas , Hülber Karl , Dobeš Christoph 
Published: March 2019

AbstractApomicts tend to have larger geographical distributional ranges and to occur in ecologically more extreme environments than their sexual progenitors. However, the expression of apomixis is typically linked to polyploidy. Thus, it is a priori not clear whether intrinsic effects related to the change in the reproductive mode or rather in the ploidy drive ecological differentiation. We used sympatric sexual and apomictic populations ofPotentilla puberulato test for ecological differentiation. To distinguish the effects of reproductive mode and ploidy on the ecology of cytotypes, we compared the niches (a) of sexuals (tetraploids) and autopolyploid apomicts (penta‐, hepta‐, and octoploids) and (b) of the three apomictic cytotypes. We based comparisons on a ploidy screen of 238 populations along a latitudinal transect through the Eastern European Alps and associated bioclimatic, and soil and topographic data. Sexual tetraploids preferred primary habitats at drier, steeper, more south‐oriented slopes, while apomicts mostly occurred in human‐made habitats with higher water availability. Contrariwise, we found no or only marginal ecological differentiation among the apomictic higher ploids. Based on the pronounced ecological differences found between sexuals and apomicts, in addition to the lack of niche differentiation among cytotypes of the same reproductive mode, we conclude that reproductive mode rather than ploidy is the main driver of the observed differences. Moreover, we compared our system with others from the literature, to stress the importance of identifying alternative confounding effects (such as hybrid origin). Finally, we underline the relevance of studying ecological parthenogenesis in sympatry, to minimize the effects of differential migration abilities.
Dominance network analysis provides a new framework for studying the diversity–stability relationship
Authors: Ma Zhanshan (Sam) , Ellison Aaron M. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe diversity–stability relationship is a long‐standing, central focus of community ecology. Two major challenges have impeded studies of the diversity–stability relationship (DSR): the difficulty in obtaining high‐quality longitudinal data sets; and the lack of a general theoretical framework that can encompass the enormous complexity inherent in “diversity,” “stability,” and their many interactions. Metagenomic “Big Data” now provide high quality longitudinal data sets, and the human microbiome project (HMP) offers an unprecedented opportunity to reinvigorate investigations of DSRs. We introduce a new framework for exploring DSRs that has three parts: (1) a cross‐scale measure of dominance with a simple mathematical form that can be applied simultaneously to individual species and entire communities and can be used to construct species dominance networks (SDNs); (2) analysis of SDNs based on special trio motifs, core‐periphery, rich‐club, and nested structures, and high salience skeletons; and (3) a synthesis of coarse‐scale core/periphery/community‐level stability modeling with fine‐scale analysis of SDNs that further reveals the stability properties of the community structures. We apply this new approach to data from the human vaginal microbiome of the HMP, simultaneously illustrating its utility in developing and testing theories of diversity and stability while providing new insights into the underlying ecology and etiology of a human microbiome‐associated disease.
Freestanding 1D Hierarchical Porous Fe‐N‐Doped Carbon Nanofibers as Efficient Oxygen Reduction Catalysts for Zn–Air Batteries
Authors: Wu Mengchen , Li Congling , Liu Rui 
Published: March 2019

High‐performance nonprecious metal‐doped 1D carbon catalysts for oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) are viable candidates in lieu of platinum‐based catalysts. Hierarchical porous Fe‐N‐doped carbon nanofibers (Fe‐NHCFs) are fabricated via carbonization of MOF nanofibers with a specific surface area of 294 m2 g−1 and inherent hierarchical porosity. Benefiting from the Fe‐N doping‐induced active sites, unique hierarchical porosity, and 1D honeycomb conductive networks to facilitate electron transfer, the freestanding Fe‐NHCFs confer a current density (5.2 mA cm−2) at 0.70 V (vs reversible hydrogen electrode), comparable with the commercial 20 wt% Pt/C (5 mA cm−2) in alkaline medium. Especially, the parallel characteristics with Pt/C is acquired in an assembled Zn–air battery, which deliver a discharge current density of 90 mA cm−2 and an output peak power density of 61 mW cm−2. This simple synthesis strategy would leverage a new geometry for tailored utility of active sites for ORR in a 1D carbon framework.
First Synthesis of Highly Chemiluminescent Benzo[b]furan‐2(3H)‐ones Bearing a Urea Substructure
Authors: Krieg Reimar , Hoffmann Birgit , Weiß Dieter , Biskup Christoph 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA series of benzo[b]furan‐2(3H)‐ones (coumaran‐2‐ones) bearing a urea substructure, namely derivatives of 3‐(aminocarbonylamino)benzo[b]furan‐2(3H)‐one, was prepared for the first time. The accessibility of these compounds through an electrophilic α‐amidoalkylation approach of phenols (Tscherniac–Einhorn reaction) in the key step as well as the chemiluminescence (CL) properties of the desired compounds are strongly dependent on the substitution patterns at the urea moiety. Competing reaction pathways are discussed and an improved one pot synthetical approach of also general interest is presented. In conclusion, especially N,N‐dialkylaminocarbonylamino‐derivatives of benzo[b]furan‐2(3H)‐ones exhibit a strong flash like blue CL upon treatment with bases such as 1,8‐diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec‐7‐ene (DBU) in the presence of oxygen or hydrogen peroxide. Comparative physico‐chemical investigations revealed that novel compounds outperform their urethane‐analogues in terms of CL‐intensity and the speed of the decay making them potentially useful as new tools for CL‐based applications on the short time scale.
Analysis and classification of malignancy in pancreatic magnetic resonance images using neural network techniques
Authors: Balasubramanian Aruna Devi , Murugan Pallikonda Rajasekaran , Thiyagarajan Arun Prasath 
Published: March 2019

AbstractComputer‐aided diagnosis (CAD) is a computerized way of detecting tumors in MR images. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been generally used in the diagnosis and detection of pancreatic tumors. In a medical imaging system, soft tissue contrast and noninvasiveness are clear preferences of MRI. Inaccurate detection of tumor and long time consumption are the disadvantages of MRI. Computerized classifiers can greatly renew the diagnosis activity, in terms of both accuracy and time necessity by normal and abnormal images, automatically. This article presents an intelligent, automatic, accurate, and robust method to classify human pancreas MRI images as normal or abnormal in terms of pancreatic tumor. It represents the response of artificial neural network (ANN) and support vector machine (SVM) techniques for pancreatic tumor classification. For this, we extract features from MR images of pancreas using the GLCM method and select the best features using JAFER algorithm. These features are analyzed by five classification techniques: ANN BP, ANN RBF, SVM Linear, SVM Poly, and SVM RBF. We compare the results with benchmark data set of MR brain images. The analytical outcome presents that the two best features used to classify the MR images using ANN BP technique have 98% classification accuracy.
LncRNA DLX6‐AS1 promotes tumor proliferation and metastasis in osteosarcoma through modulating miR‐641/HOXA9 signaling pathway
Authors: Zhang Ning , Meng Xin , Mei Lijun , Zhao Chedong , Chen Wei 
Published: March 2019

AbstractOsteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor. Recently, increasing evidence has shown that the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) DLX6‐AS1 (distal‐less homeobox 6 antisense 1) plays significant roles in various types of cancers. However, the functions and underlying mechanisms of DLX6‐AS1 have not been explored in OS yet. In this study, we assessed the expression of DLX6‐AS1 in OS tissues and cell lines and explored the underlying molecular mechanisms. DLX6‐AS1 was found to be significantly upregulated in OS tissues and OS cell lines. High expression of DLX6‐AS1 was significantly correlated with advanced TNM stage, high tumor grade, and distant metastasis of patients with OS. Knockdown of DLX6‐AS1 suppressed OS cell proliferation, invasion, and migration, and induced cell apoptosis. Knockdown of DLX6‐AS1 also suppressed in vivo tumor growth. Bioinformatics and luciferase assay analysis showed that DLX6‐AS1 functioned as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to negatively regulate miR‐641 expression. Furthermore, miR‐641 was found to target the 3′ untranslated region of homeobox protein Hox‐A9 (HOXA9) and suppressed the expression of HOXA9. Mechanistic studies showed that DLX6‐AS1 regulated OS cell proliferation, invasion, and migration via regulating HOXA9 by acting as a ceRNA for miR‐641. Our results suggested that DLX6‐AS1 functions as a ceRNA by targeting miR‐641/HOXA9 signal pathway to suppress OS cell proliferation and metastasis. Our study may provide novel insights into understanding pathogenesis and development of OS.
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Evaluation of Pulmonary Transit Time and Blood Volume in Adult Congenital Heart disease
Authors: Ait Ali Lamia , Aquaro Giovanni D. , Peritore Giuseppe , Ricci Fabrizio , De Marchi Daniele , Emdin Michele , Passino Claudio , Festa Pierluigi 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundManagement of adults with repaired congenital heart disease (CHD) is still challenging. Heart failure secondary to residual anatomical sequels or arrhythmic events is not rare in this population. MRI has emerged as an accurate tool to quantify pulmonary transit time (PTT) of intravenous contrast agents and pulmonary blood volume (PBV).PurposeTo determine the relationship between PTT, and conventional indexes of ventricular dysfunction and heart failure in a cohort of adults with CHD and to assess its association with adverse outcomes.Study TypeRetrospective.Subjects89 adult CHD patients (56 males, age 34 ± 11 years) and 14 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy subjects.Field Strength/SequenceFirst‐pass perfusion and standard sequences for ventricular volumes and function and flow analysis at 1.5T.AssessmentPTT was calculated as the time required for a bolus of contrast agent to pass from the right ventricle to the left atrium, expressed both in seconds (PTTS) and number of heartbeats (PTTB). The pulmonary blood volume index (PBVI) was measured by the product of PTTB and the pulmonary artery stroke volumes.Statistical TestsStudent's independent t‐test analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Mann–Whitney nonparametric; Pearson's or Spearman's correlation; Kaplan–Meier method.ResultsPTTS and PTTB were significantly higher in patients than in controls (7.6 ± 3 vs. 5.6 ± 1.2 sec, P = 0.01 and 8 ± 3 vs. 6 ± 1 bpm, P = 0.01, respectively). PTTS showed negative correlation with left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) and cardiac index (CI) (r = –0.3, P = 0.004, and r = –0.4, P < 0.001, respectively) as well as with left ventricle and atrial volumes. By Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, PTTB >8 bpm was associated with significant increased risk of adverse outcome at mid‐term follow‐up. Moreover, patients with both increased PTTB and PBV have higher amino‐terminal portion of the prohormone brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) and lower LVEF.Data ConclusionPTT is prolonged in adult CHD in comparison with healthy subjects, likely reflecting reduced CI and ventricular dysfunction.Level of Evidence: 3Technical Efficacy: Stage 3J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;50:779–786.
Epidemiological description, case‐fatality rate, and trends of Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome: 9 years of surveillance in Argentina
Authors: Alonso Daniel Oscar , Iglesias Ayelen , Coelho Rocio , Periolo Natalia , Bruno Agostina , Córdoba Maria Teresa , Filomarino Noemi , Quipildor Marcelo , Biondo Emiliano , Fortunato Eduardo , Bellomo Carla , Martínez Valeria Paula 
Published: March 2019

AbstractHantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is an endemic disease in Argentina, one of the most affected countries in the Americas. Andes virus (ANDV) is the main Orthohantavirus species causing HPS in Argentina. In this study, the geographical distribution, clinical presentation, and epidemiological features of HPS from all endemic regions of Argentina were analyzed. We focused on the clinical and epidemiological data from 533 HPS cases confirmed during the period 2009 to 2017 by the National Reference Laboratory for Hantavirus. A case‐fatality rate of 21.4% was registered, and most of the cases presented a severe clinical picture requiring intensive care treatment (84%). Since HPS first detection in 1995 the case‐fatality rate showed a general trend towards a decrease. After more than 22 years of experience in HPS diagnosis and surveillance, we discuss some possible factors implicated in this tendency. This clinical and epidemiological analysis gives a global perspective, being useful to detect trends and patterns, to update preventive actions at a national level, and evaluate their impact on public health.