bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Light Pollution Increases West Nile Virus Competence in a Ubiquitous Passerine Reservoir Species
Authors: Kernbach M. E. , Miller J. M. , Hall R. J. , Unnasch T. R. , Burkett-Cadena N. D. , Martin L. B. 
Published: February 2018

One sentence summaryLight pollution increases host infectiousness.AbstractLight pollution is a growing problem, but its impacts on infectious disease risk have not been considered. Previous research has revealed that dim light at night (dLAN) dysregulates various immune functions and biorhythms, which hints that dLAN could change the risk of disease epidemics. Here, we demonstrate that dLAN enhances infectiousness of the house sparrow (Passer domesticus), an urban-dwelling avian host of West Nile virus (WNV). Sparrows exposed to dLAN maintained viral titers above the transmission threshold to a biting vector (105 plaque-forming units) for two days longer than controls but did not die at higher rates. A mathematical model revealed that such effects could increase WNV outbreak potential by ~41%. dLAN likely affects other host and vector traits relevant to transmission, so additional research is needed to advise management of zoonotic diseases in light polluted areas.
Bead Enhancement of EV Analysis
Authors: Lin Hsing-Ying , Yang Katherine S. , Curley Caleigh , Lee Hakho , Welch Marisa W. , Wolpin Brian M. , Weissleder Ralph , Im Hyungsoon , Castro Cesar 
Published: February 2018

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are recognized cancer biomarkers, however, clinical analysis has been difficult due to a lack of simple and sensitive assays. Here, we describe a bead-enhanced flow cytometry method, BEAD flow, using biotinylated EVs captured on streptavidin particles. With this method, we show analysis of patient-derived EVs using a panel of pancreatic cancer biomarkers. BEAD flow is easily translatable to any biomarker or cancer type and can be run with conventional flow cytometers, making it highly flexible and adaptable to diverse research and clinical needs.
Vps74 connects the Golgi apparatus and telomeres in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Rodrigues Joana , Banks Peter , Lydall David 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTIn mammalian cell culture, the Golgi apparatus fragment upon DNA damage. GOLPH3, a Golgi component, is a phosphorylation target of DNA-PK after DNA damage and contributes to Golgi fragmentation. The function of the yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) ortholog of GOLPH3, Vps74, in the DNA damage response has been little studied, although genome-wide screens suggested a role at telomeres. In this study we investigated the role of Vps74 at telomeres and in the DNA damage response. We show that Vps74 decreases the fitness of telomere defective cdc13-1 cells and contributes to the fitness of yku70Δ cells. Importantly, loss of Vps74 in yku70Δ cells exacerbates the temperature dependent growth defects of these cells in a Chk1 and Mec1-dependent manner. Furthermore, Exo1 reduces fitness of vps74Δ yku70Δ cells suggesting that ssDNA contributes to the fitness defects of vps74Δ yku70Δ cells. Systematic genetic interaction analysis of vps74Δ, yku70Δ and yku70Δ vps74Δ cells suggests that vps74Δ causes a milder but similar defect to that seen in yku70Δ cells. vps74Δ cells have slightly shorter telomeres and loss of VPS74 in yku70Δ or mre11Δ cells further shortens the telomeres of these cells. Interestingly, loss of Vps74 leads to increased levels of Stn1, a partner of Cdc13 in the CST telomere capping complex. Overexpression of Stn1 was previously shown to cause telomere shortening, suppression of cdc13-1 and enhancement of yku70Δ growth defects, suggesting that increased levels of Stn1 may be the route by which Vps74 affects telomere function. These results establish Vps74 as a novel regulator of telomere biology.
Extracellular Pax6 regulates tangential Cajal-Retzius cell migration in the developing mouse neocortex
Authors: Kaddour H. , Coppola E. , Di Nardo A. A. , Wizenmann A. , Volovitch M. , Prochiantz A. , Pierani A. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe embryonic mouse cortex displays a striking low caudo-medial and high rostro-lateral graded expression of the homeoprotein transcription factor Pax6, which presents both cell autonomous and direct non-cell autonomous activities. Through the genetic induction of anti-Pax6 single-chain antibody secretion, we have analyzed Pax6 non-cell autonomous activity on the migration of cortical hem- and septum-derived Cajal-Retzius (CR) neurons by live imaging of flat mount developing cerebral cortices. We observed that blocking extracellular Pax6 disrupts tangential CR cell migration patterns. We found a decrease in the distance travelled and changes both in directionality and in the depth at which CR cells migrate. Tracking of single CR cells in mutant cortices revealed that extracellular Pax6 neutralization enhances or reduces contact repulsion in medial and lateral regions, respectively. This study demonstrates that secreted Pax6 controls neuronal migration thus acting as a bona fide morphogen at an early stage of cerebral cortex development.Summary statementCajal-Retzius cell distribution in the embryonic cortex participates in determining the size and positioning of cortical areas. Here, Kaddour et al. establish that the direct non-cell autonomous activity of the Pax6 transcription factor regulates Cajal-Retzius cell migration.
Does monetary policy affect economic growth: evidence from Malaysia
Authors: Akalpler Ergin , Duhok Dilgash 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between monetary policy and economic growth in the light of a developing economy, with the main focus on Malaysia. Primarily, the research will concentrate on the interactions between interest rates, inflation, money supply and growth in GDP, which will serve as the instrument for measuring economic growth.

Design/methodology/approach
The research will apply quantitative analysis to determine the relationship between GDP growth and monetary policy instruments, particularly interest rate, money supply and level of inflation. Given the advancement and achievement in econometric analysis and computer software creation, the least-squares estimates analysis will be used to investigate the relationship and significance between these variables.

Findings
It is observed that relationship between economic growth and inflation is positive. This entails that a 1 percent change in inflation will result in a 77 percent increase in the level of economic growth in this economy. The linkage between economic growth and interest rates has also been observed to be positive. A positive nexus can be observed between economic growth and money supply. The coefficient value of 0.02 for money supply growth shows that it has the smallest effect on economic growth amongst the variables tested in the model.

Research limitations/implications
Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations can be made, which could serve as policies instruments for Malaysian economic development. This does not mean that the findings can be generalized for other developing economies.

Practical implications
Observations from the test for economic application significance are based on the signs of the parameters. It was observed that inflation, interest rates and money supply all have a positive relationship with economic growth, which is in line with the a priori expectations. This means that monetary policy has positively affected the economic growth.

Social implications
The results of the OLS analysis reveal that the monetary policy instruments used for the model demonstrated that monetary policy has a positive relationship with economic growth in Malaysia. A breakdown of the individual monetary policy instruments shows that the interest rate, inflation and money supply all have individual positive relationships with economic growth.

Originality/value
A positive relationship exists between economic growth in Malaysia and all selected monetary instruments, namely, inflation, money supply and interest rate. The results show that the results show that inflation, interest rate and money supply will cause the economy to grow but their contribution to the developments is affected from other policy instruments which are used by the governments.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and factors related to intention to obtain the vaccine among young college women in Thailand
Authors: Ratanasiripong Nop T. , Sri-Umporn Sirinat , Kathalae Duangrat , Hanklang Suda , Ratanasiripong Paul 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
Most cervical cancers are caused by genital human papillomavirus (HPV). However, it can be prevented if females receive an HPV vaccine. Nevertheless, there is limited evidence of HPV vaccination and predictors of intention to obtain the vaccine among young women in Thailand. The paper aims to discuss this issue.

Design/methodology/approach
This cross-sectional study examined HPV vaccination and factors influencing intention to vaccinate among a convenient sample of college women in Thailand. The data collection was conducted via a self-administered “HPV and HPV vaccine-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors” questionnaire.

Findings
Out of 1,030 participants, 309 (30.0 percent) were aware of HPV and the HPV vaccine. Out of these, 257 participants reported that they had not obtained the vaccine and 18 participants were unsure if they had already obtained the vaccine or not. Only 34 participants confirmed that they had received the vaccine. Among those who were aware of HPV and the HPV vaccine, 56.4 percent of them did not know that most HPV-infected persons do not show any signs or symptoms, and 53.3 percent thought that the vaccine provided protection against other sexually transmitted infections as well. Most had positive attitudes toward vaccination and subjective norms. Among the participants who had not received the vaccine, the intention to obtain the vaccine was predicted by age, knowledge, attitudes toward vaccination, and subjective norms. The reasons for not being vaccinated included the cost of the vaccine, lack of knowledge, and perception of themselves being at low risk.

Originality/value
This study found low HPV vaccination among college women. However, those who had not received the vaccine intended to obtain the vaccine at some point in the future. An HPV vaccination campaign may be well tailored in order to increase the intention to obtain the vaccine which, in turn, may increase the HPV vaccination. Vaccination cost sharing should be discussed among Thai policy makers in order to alleviate the financial burden for women.
Linking managerial competence to small enterprise performance within the dynamic capability logic
Authors: Zacca Robert , Dayan Mumin 
Published: February 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to link management competence to small enterprise performance and assess the role of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and willingness to change on this relationship.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use structural equation modeling to test a theoretical model based on a data set from two survey instruments: one instrument was administered to the owners of 125 small enterprises within the United Arab Emirates and the second was administered to managers within the same enterprises.FindingsResults show that within the small enterprise setting, managerial competence indirectly influences performance by influencing EO and willingness to change plays a partial mediating role through which EO benefits performance.Research limitations/implicationsThe case for linking managerial competence to performance is supported by the dynamic capability logic, which maintains that an enterprise’s advantage lies in its ability to reconfigure its resources, capabilities and routines appropriately in the pursuit of new opportunities and performance benefits. The study suggests that EO plays a pre-eminent role in developing dynamic capability.Practical implicationsUnderstanding the link between managerial competence and small enterprise performance has important implications for enterprise owners, investors, educators, researchers and policy makers.Originality/valueThe model is a valuable contributor to understanding the dynamic capability perspective within a small enterprise and adds to the growing body of research examining the ability of small enterprises to continuously recognize and exploit new opportunities for sustainable competitive advantage.
Incorrect Inferences When Using Residuals as Dependent Variables
Authors: CHEN WEI , HRIBAR PAUL , MELESSA SAMUEL 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTWe analyze a procedure common in empirical accounting and finance research where researchers use ordinary least squares to decompose a dependent variable into its predicted and residual components and use the residuals as the dependent variable in a second regression. This two‐step procedure is used to examine determinants of constructs such as discretionary accruals, real activities management, discretionary book‐tax differences, and abnormal investment. We show that the typical implementation of this procedure generates biased coefficients and standard errors that can lead to incorrect inferences, with both Type I and Type II errors. We further show that the magnitude of the bias in coefficients and standard errors is a function of the correlations between model regressors. We illustrate the potential magnitude of the bias in accounting research in four commonly used settings. Our results indicate significant bias in many of these settings. We offer three solutions to avoid the bias.
Identification and characterisation of RNA editing sites in chloroplast transcripts of einkorn wheat (Triticum monococcum)
Authors: Kumbhar F. , Nie X. , Xing G. , Zhao X. , Lin Y. , Wang S. , Weining S. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractRNA editing is a biological process that the RNA molecule occurred base change or modification to result in the change of genetic information at the post‐transcription level, which played the vital roles in plant growth and development as well as in response to diverse stresses. To understand the composition and characteristic of chloroplast RNA editing patterns in einkorn wheat, the progenitor of wheat A subgenome, we systematically predicted and identified the RNA editing sites in plastome of three einkorn wheat species using bioinformatics analysis combined with RT‐PCR method. A total of 33 sites distributed in 15 genes, 34 in 15 genes and 33 in 14 genes were predicted in Triticum urartu, Triticum boeoticum and Triticum monococcum, respectively, all of which were C to U conversion and most of them could be validated by RNA‐seq data. Furthermore, all of the predicted editing sites were validated experimentally in T. urartu. Totally, 24 sites were found to be consistent with the prediction. The secondary structure and transmembrane domains of these five transcripts with the most abundant editing sites were further investigated. The results showed that the secondary structures of all five genes were changed, together with the transmembrane domains of ndhB were also altered as the result of editing, suggesting that RNA editing could have impact on the biological function of target genes. Finally, comparative analysis of the RNA editing patterns among Triticum species was performed to identify the conserved and species‐specific editing sites. This study reported the chloroplast RNA editing in einkorn wheat, which laid the foundation for further study on the biological function of chloroplast RNA editing in wheat, and also provided the important information to reveal the origin and evolution of wheat from the perspective of RNA editing.
Biochemical response between insects and plants: an investigation of enzyme activity in the digestive system of Leucoptera coffeella (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae) and leaves of Coffea arabica (Rubiaceae) after herbivory
Authors: Meriño‐Cabrera Y. , Zanuncio J.C. , da Silva R.S. , Solis‐Vargas M. , Cordeiro G. , Rainha F.R. , Campos W.G. , Picanço M.C. , de Almeida Oliveira M.G. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractPlant defence mechanisms can reduce the digestive enzyme activity of insect pests. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the production of proteinase inhibitors, lipoxygenase and polyphenol oxidase activity in Coffea arabica (Catuai IAC 15) plants, and the digestive enzyme activity in the pest Leucoptera coffeella (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae) after feeding on the plant. The production of proteinase inhibitors was evaluated with L‐BApNA as a substrate. We studied lipoxygenase activity with linoleic acid and polyphenol oxidase activity with catechol substrates, in coffee plants damaged (T1) and not damaged (T2) by L. coffeella. L. coffeella digestive enzyme activity was verified by trypsin‐like (substrate l‐BApNA and l‐TAME), chymotrypsin‐like (BTpNA and ATEE), cysteine proteases (l‐BApNA) and total protease (azocasein). Proteinase inhibitor production and lipoxygenase and polyphenol oxidase activity in C. arabica increases (P ≤ 0.05) with L. coffeella damage. Our results provide important information that these enzymatic activities may play a role in plant defence processes in C. arabica. Trypsin‐like activity increases, whereas chymotrypsin‐like and cysteine protease activity decrease in the midgut of L. coffeella, which acts as a defence mechanism.
Literature overview highlights lack of paediatric donation protocols but identifies common themes that could guide their development
Authors: Vileito A , Siebelink MJ , Verhagen AAE 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAimPaediatric donation is a unique and extremely sensitive process that requires specific knowledge and competencies. Most countries use protocols for organ and tissue donation to ensure optimal care for the donor and family, but these mainly focus on adults. However, the donation process for children differs from adults in many ways. An overview of the literature was performed to identify protocols for the paediatric population.MethodsPubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE and the Internet were searched up to March 2016 for papers or other sources in English related to specific organ and tissue donation protocols for children and neonates. This comprised title, abstract and then full‐text screening of relevant data.ResultsWe included 12 papers and two electronic sources that were mainly from North America and Europe. Most discussed donations after cardiac death. The recurring themes included identifying potential donors, approaching parents, palliative care and collaboration with organ procurement organisations. Most papers called for paediatric donation policies to be standardised.ConclusionScientific publications in English on paediatric donation protocols are very scarce. No comprehensive paediatric donation protocol was found. We identified several recurring themes in the literature that could be used to develop such protocols.
School‐based study found that physical activity and aerobic fitness predicted increases in total body fat and abdominal fat at a mean age of 9.8 years
Authors: Danielson Anton , Thorsson Ola , Karlsson Magnus K. , Wollmer Per , Andersen Lars B. , Dencker Magnus 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAimWe assessed whether baseline measurements of physical activity, aerobic fitness, body fat and abdominal fat were predictors of changes in body fat measurements over a two‐year period.MethodsThe study comprised of 204 children aged 9.8 ± 0.6 years with a normal body mass distribution, who recruited from four schools in middle‐class areas of Malmö, Sweden, from 2001 to 2004. Peak oxygen uptake and physical activity were measured at baseline. Body fat was measured by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry at baseline and two years later.ResultsPhysical activity, aerobic fitness and total body fat or abdominal fat were predictors of change in total body fat or abdominal fat over a period of two years. Changes in the percentage of body fat were not related to any of the baseline measurements.ConclusionOur two‐year follow‐up of children with a mean age of 9.8 years at baseline showed that physical activity, aerobic fitness and body fat or abdominal fat predicted changes in total body fat or abdominal fat, but not the percentage of body fat.
Alimentary microbes of winter‐form Drosophila suzukii
Authors: Fountain M. T. , Bennett J. , Cobo‐Medina M. , Conde Ruiz R. , Deakin G. , Delgado A. , Harrison R. , Harrison N. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractDrosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is a damaging pest of fruit. Reproductively diapausing adults overwinter in woodlands and remain active on warmer winter days. It is unknown if this adult phase of the lifecycle feeds during the winter period, and what the food source may be. This study characterized the flora in the digestive tract of D. suzukii using a metagenomics approach. Live D. suzukii were trapped in four woodlands in the south of England and their guts dissected for DNA extraction and amplicon‐based metagenomics sequencing (internal transcribed spacer and 16S rRNA). Analysis at genus and family taxonomic levels showed high levels of diversity with no differences in digestive tract bacterial or fungal biota between woodland sites of winter‐form D. suzukii. Female D. suzukii at one site appeared to have higher bacterial diversity in the alimentary canal than males, but there was a site, sex interaction. Many of the biota were associated with cold, wet climatic conditions and decomposition. This study provides the first evidence that winter‐form D. suzukii may be opportunistic feeders during the winter period and are probably exploiting food sources associated with moisture on decomposing vegetation during this time. A core gut microbiome has been identified for winter‐form D. suzukii.
Comparing the Incomparable? Migrant Integration Policies and Perplexities of Comparison
Authors: Gregurović Snježana , Župarić‐Iljić Drago 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis article examines the level of development of integration policies in the European Economic Area and the attempts to compare and standardize them. We discuss national integration models and policies based on the results of the Migrant Integration Policy Index (MIPEX) and OECD/EU indicators of integration. Indicating the possible pitfalls of measuring and comparing integration policies, the results of researches into labour mobility and access to citizenship are examined. This comparative study shows that the indicators of immigrant integration are often at odds with the development level of integration policies, which results in their inadequate implementation in practice. Furthermore, EU countries face different challenges in the enactment of integration policies which spring from diverse (im)migration experiences, the scope of past migrations, and recent migratory flows. This is why integration policies should be re‐indexed, taking into consideration the particularities of (im)migration flows, the size of the immigrant population and other relevant factors.