bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Kejian KJ‐8000 bilirubinometer in an Australian setting
Authors: Starowicz Olivia , Edwards Philippa , Schmidt Peter , Birch Pita 
Published: August 2019

AimTo evaluate the accuracy of the Kejian 8000 (KJ‐8000) transcutaneous bilirubinometer in infants of differing ethnicity and gestational age.MethodsThis was a prospective study of infants in the Newborn Care Unit at Gold Coast University Hospital. Transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) and serum bilirubin (SBR) results were compared using linear regression and a Bland–Altman plot. Predicted indices were calculated to assess the KJ‐8000 as a screening tool using local jaundice management guidelines.ResultsA total of 416 paired samples were collected from 201 infants. There was a strong correlation between TcB and SBR with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.8 (<0.00001). The bias was −5.9 μmol/L (95% confidence interval: −101, 89). The bias was not evenly spread, with the KJ‐8000 tending to underestimate at higher SBR levels. Infants <32 weeks' gestation had a poor correlation of 0.48. Non‐Caucasian infants were more likely to have TcB overestimation, and measurements were less precise. As a screening tool using local guidelines, the KJ‐8000 had a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of 83, 53, 20 and 96%, respectively, and is predicted to avoid blood tests in 48% of infants screened.ConclusionsIn this study, the correlation and agreement of TcB measurements using the KJ‐8000 were not as good as has been reported with other more studied devices but may still have value as a screening tool. The poor correlation in preterm infants suggests that use should be restricted to term infants. The overall results of this study are affected by an underrepresentation of term infants, and so, further clinical assessment of this device should be undertaken before it can be recommended for widespread use.
Association of midline prostatic cysts and lower urinary tract symptoms: A case‐control analysis of 606 transrectal ultrasound findings
Authors: Park Bumsoo , Ju Sung‐Ho , Choo Seol Ho 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the association between midline prostatic cysts (MPCs) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).MethodsA total of 606 patients who underwent transrectal ultrasound of the prostate (TRUS) were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into two groups based on the presence of MPCs for comparison. We used the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) as a LUTS parameter. Multivariate analysis was performed to find out independent predictors for moderate to severe LUTS. An MPC subgroup analysis was done to look for linear correlation between the size of MPCs and LUTS.ResultsPatients with no MPCs were of higher age, had more history of diabetes, were taking more urological medications, and had more IPSS storage symptoms. No significant differences were found in body mass index, total IPSS, voiding IPSS, bother score, total prostate‐specific antigen level, and the prostate size. Multivariate analysis revealed age, history of diabetes, taking urological medications, and the prostate size as independent predictors of moderate to severe LUTS. The presence of MPCs was not an independent factor. Subgroup analysis failed to show significant correlation between the size of MPCs and the LUTS scores.ConclusionsThe presence of MPCs is not an independent factor for moderate to severe LUTS, and the size of the MPCs does not have any correlation to LUTS scores either.
Influence of alpha‐adrenoceptor antagonists therapy on stool form in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia
Authors: Matsumoto Seiji , Kasamo Sachiko , Hashizume Kazumi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the short‐term efficacy and safety of two α1‐adrenoceptor (AR) antagonists, tamsulosin and silodosin, in treating patients with untreated lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia (LUTS/BPH), with a focus on stool form.MethodsThis study was a non‐blinded, open‐label, prospective randomized comparative study. Tamsulosin or silodosin was administered to patients with untreated LUTS/BPH, and their efficacy and safety in the early stage of treatment were compared using the questionnaire of International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS)/quality of life (QOL), the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS), and the Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS).ResultsThe per protocol set consisted of 22 patients in tamsulosin group (mean age, 70.15 ± 5.70 years) and 20 patients in silodosin group (73.00 ± 6.48 years). The total IPSS and QOL score improved within 2 weeks in both groups. Although the overall GSRS score showed no significant change in either group, “hard stools” score was significantly decreased in silodosin first at week 2, then in both groups at week 4. Furthermore, the subscale score for “constipation” was significantly decreased only in silodosin at week 4. BSFS was significantly increased at week 4 in silodosin alone.ConclusionsThis study suggests that silodosin was associated with increased digestive symptoms such as diarrhea and loose stools. Therefore, oral drugs for BPH need to be selected by taking into consideration the possibility of digestive symptoms including both the state and type of stools.
Comparing analytical and numerical approaches to meteoroid orbit determination using Hayabusa telemetry
Authors: Jansen‐Sturgeon Trent , Sansom Eleanor K. , Bland Philip A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractFireball networks establish the trajectories of meteoritic material passing through Earth's atmosphere, from which they can derive pre‐entry orbits. Triangulated atmospheric trajectory data require different orbit determination methods to those applied to observational data beyond the Earth's sphere of influence, such as telescopic observations of asteroids. Currently, the vast majority of fireball networks determine and publish orbital data using an analytical approach, with little flexibility to include orbital perturbations. Here, we present a novel numerical technique for determining meteoroid orbits from fireball network data and compare it to previously established methods. The re‐entry of the Hayabusa spacecraft, with its known pre‐Earth orbit, provides a unique opportunity to perform this comparison as it was observed by fireball network cameras. As initial sightings of the Hayabusa spacecraft and capsule were made at different altitudes, we are able to quantify the atmosphere's influence on the determined pre‐Earth orbit. Considering these trajectories independently, we found the orbits determined by the novel numerical approach to align closer to JAXA's telemetry in both cases. Using simulations, we determine the atmospheric perturbation to become significant at ~90 km—higher than the first observations of typical meteorite dropping events. Using further simulations, we find the most substantial differences between techniques to occur at both low entry velocities and Moon passing trajectories. These regions of comparative divergence demonstrate the need for perturbation inclusion within the chosen orbit determination algorithm.
A TEM and EELS study of carbon in a melt fragment from the Gardnos impact structure
Authors: Lindgren Paula , Hallis Lydia , Hage Fredrik S. , Lee Martin R. , Parnell John , Plan Anders , Doye Alistair , MacLaren Ian 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA carbon‐rich melt fragment from the Gardnos impact structure has been studied for a better understanding of the preservation and structural form(s) of carbon that have been processed by impact melting. The carbon was analyzed in situ in its original petrographic context within the melt fragment, using high‐resolution techniques including focused ion beam‐transmission electron microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy. Results show that the carbon is largely uniform and has a nanocrystalline grain size. The Gardnos carbon has a graphitic structure but with a large c/a ratio indicating disorder. The disorder could be a result of rapid heating to high temperatures during impact, followed by rapid cooling, with not enough time to crystallize into highly ordered graphite. However, temperature distribution during impact is extremely heterogenous, and the disordered Gardnos carbon could also represent material that avoided extreme temperatures, and thus, it was preserved. Understanding the structure of carbon during terrestrial impacts is important to help determine if the history of carbon within extraterrestrial samples is impact related. Furthermore, the degree of preservation of carbon during impact is key for locating and detecting organic compounds in extraterrestrial samples. This example from Gardnos, together with previous studies, shows that not all carbon is lost to oxidation during impact but that impact melting can encapsulate and preserve carbon where it is available.
Sequence‐based mapping identifies a candidate transcription repressor underlying awn suppression at the B1 locus in wheat
Authors: DeWitt Noah , Guedira Mohammed , Lauer Edwin , Sarinelli Martin , Tyagi Priyanka , Fu Daolin , Hao QunQun , Murphy J. Paul , Marshall David , Akhunova Alina , Jordan Katherine , Akhunov Eduard , Brown‐Guedira Gina 
Published: August 2019

Summary

Awns are stiff, hair‐like structures which grow from the lemmas of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and other grasses that contribute to photosynthesis and play a role in seed dispersal. Variation in awn length in domesticated wheat is controlled primarily by three major genes, most commonly the dominant awn suppressor Tipped1 (B1). This study identifies a transcription repressor responsible for awn inhibition at the B1 locus.

Association mapping was combined with analysis in biparental populations to delimit B1 to a distal region of 5AL colocalized with QTL for number of spikelets per spike, kernel weight, kernel length, and test weight.

Fine‐mapping located B1 to a region containing only two predicted genes, including C2H2 zinc finger transcriptional repressor TraesCS5A02G542800 upregulated in developing spikes of awnless individuals. Deletions encompassing this candidate gene were present in awned mutants of an awnless wheat. Sequence polymorphisms in the B1 coding region were not observed in diverse wheat germplasm whereas a nearby polymorphism was highly predictive of awn suppression.

Transcriptional repression by B1 is the major determinant of awn suppression in global wheat germplasm. It is associated with increased number of spikelets per spike and decreased kernel size.
Changes in the tarsal conjunctiva viewed by in vivo confocal microscopy are associated with ocular symptoms and contact lens wear
Authors: López‐de la Rosa Alberto , Alghamdi Waleed M , Kunnen Carolina ME , Lazon de la Jara Percy , González‐García María J , Markoulli Maria , Papas Eric B 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the effect of soft contact lens (CL) wear on the morphology of the epithelial‐lamina propria junction as well as the possible association with symptoms of discomfort.MethodsNinety‐two subjects were recruited, including 60 soft CL wearers, 16 previous wearers, and 16 non‐wearers. Additionally, subjects were classified as symptomatic or asymptomatic using the Contact Lens Dry Eye Questionnaire 8 for the CL wearers (a score ≥ 12 was considered symptomatic) and the Dry Eye Questionnaire 5 for the previous wearers and non‐wearers (a score ≥ 5 was considered symptomatic). In vivo confocal microscopy of the tarsal conjunctiva was performed on a single occasion. Papillae density, shortest diameter, longest diameter, area, circularity, lumen/wall brightness ratio, irregularity, reflectivity, inhomogeneous appearance of wall and inhomogeneous appearance of rete ridges were evaluated. Effects of CL wear, symptoms and their interaction were analysed using two‐way analysis of variance. Correlations were investigated using Spearman's coefficient. Data are presented as mean (standard deviation) or median [interquartile range].ResultsContact lens wearers, compared to previous wearers and non‐wearers, showed higher circularity [0.65 (0.08) vs 0.59 (0.10) vs 0.57 (0.11), p = 0.003]. Subjects with symptoms, compared to asymptomatic participants, showed higher circularity [0.64 (0.08) vs 0.61 (0.10), p < 0.001] and lower irregularity (1.0 [0.7–2.0] vs 1.3 [1.0–2.3], p = 0.009). For previous wearers, those with symptoms showed greater density (135.4 [107.3–183.3] vs 87.5 [85.4–116.7], p = 0.013) and circularity [0.64 (0.07) vs 0.54 (0.10), p = 0.016]. For non‐wearers, those with symptoms showed higher circularity [0.65 (0.08) vs 0.50 (0.08), p < 0.001]. DEQ‐5 correlated with circularity (ρ = 0.55, p = 0.001).ConclusionsSoft CL wear modifies papillae of the epithelial‐lamina propria junction into a more rounded shape; however, CL cessation appears to resolve this alteration. Additionally, a more rounded papillae shape is associated with ocular symptoms in subjects not actively wearing CLs.
Measuring ICD shock anxiety: Status update on the Florida Shock Anxiety Scale after over a decade of use
Authors: Tripp Connor , Huber Nichelle L. , Kuhl Emily A. , Sears Samuel F. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIntroductionApproximately 44% of patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) experience some form of shock anxiety, associated with cardiac fear, physical inactivity, and increased morbidity and mortality. The Florida Shock Anxiety Scale (FSAS) was created to measure ICD‐specific fears for a more precise target of patient psychologic distress and potential need for intervention. The current paper describes results from a focused literature review of studies using FSAS over the past 15 years, with the aim of summarizing its current reliability and validity, associated outcomes, and potential future directions for its clinical and research implementation.MethodsIn this review, 26 peer‐reviewed articles were analyzed and selected from an in‐depth literature search of two electronic databases.ResultsThe reliability and validity of FSAS has been upheld since its initial validation and remain positive. The majority of studies used FSAS as an assessment tool to evaluate a clinical need for psychologic support or psychoeducation. The most frequently reported predictors of FSAS shock anxiety include experience of shock, appropriate and inappropriate, and number of shocks experienced. Common correlates of higher FSAS scores include lower device‐related knowledge, lower perceived support from healthcare providers, greater posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, and negative attitudes about device dependency. Younger age and female gender are also associated with increased shock anxiety.ConclusionsSince 2006, FSAS has been widely represented as a valid and reliable assessment tool for quantifying device‐related anxiety in ICD recipients in diverse populations. Future directions for FSAS should explore its potential role in support of measurement‐based care.
Proteomic analysis of amniotic and allantoic fluid from buffaloes during foetal development
Authors: Boy Gabriela Ferreira Tavares , Codognoto Viviane Maria , Faleiros‐Lima Maria Carolina M. , Yamada Paulo Henrique , de Ruediger Felipe Rydygier , Paranzini Cristiane S. , Souza Fabiana F. , do Carmo Lucas Monteiro , Vieira Andressa Filaz , Oba Eunice 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe objective of this study was to describe the dynamic changes in protein composition and protein abundance in amniotic and allantoic fluids from buffaloes during gestation. Amniotic and allantoic fluids were collected during the first, second and third trimesters of gestation. The foetuses were measured and weighed. Fluid samples were centrifuged at 800 g for 10 min and then at 10,000 g for 60 min at 4°C. The supernatant was collected to determine the total protein concentration. Based on total protein concentration, an aliquot (50 μg) was used for in‐solution tryptic digestion, and mass spectrometry analysis (nano‐LC‐MS/MS) was performed. A multivariate statistical analysis of the proteomic data was conducted. Across the different stages of buffalo gestation, fifty‐one proteins were found in the amniotic fluid, and twenty‐one were found in the allantoic fluid. A total of twelve proteins were common among the stages, and four presented significant differences (VIP score α > 1). Fibronectin and alpha‐1‐antiproteinase were more abundant in the amniotic fluid than in the allantoic fluid. Alpha‐2‐macroglobulin and alpha‐2‐HS‐glycoprotein were more abundant in the allantoic fluid than in the amniotic fluid. Alpha‐2‐macroglobulin participates in remodelling and growth of the uterus at beginning of the gestation (first trimester), and these findings indicate that can serve as a potential tool for the early diagnosis of pregnancy in buffaloes.
Advertising God in Hinduism and Islam
Authors: Bhatia Tej K. , Ghafar Samar Reza 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis paper aims to examine the role of religion in non‐western advertising and marketing mainly from two perspectives—religion and consumerism. The paper explores four key questions. One, what type of religious symbols, and imageries manifest contemporary advertising to repackage/brand their products and services? Two, how can major traditional religions compete with each other? Three, beyond the chosen ‘spiritual’ language/message, what is the role of other languages (second or third language or a foreign language such as English) to brand religion per se? Finally, how media modality (such as TV channels, social and digital media) provides a springboard for religious influencers to further augment the religious experience, product‐appeal and multi‐product advertising? For the exploration of these four questions, an empirical and a qualitative study of social and digital advertising in Hinduism and Islam have been carried out.
English in advertising in Brazil
Authors: Friedrich Patricia 
Published: August 2019

AbstractYears ago, I conducted a study of English in advertising in Brazil (Friedrich, 2002) and wrote about the possible sociolinguistic motivations for such practice. At the time, I was able to confirm that there was a significant presence of English in names of shops and other brands, that many advertisements contained text in English (especially in the secondary text). Brazilians also used English creatively, adapting the language to local needs and modifying words (through suffixation, clipping, and so on) to make them more local (Diniz de Figueiredo, 2010). In the fifteen plus years since that study, much has happened in Brazil, including a presidential impeachment and extensive investigations into corruption. Urban violence remains a great challenge. The country has in some regards embraced being more globalized, and in others has become prouder and more aware of its own cultural manifestations. At the same time, great strides have been made in technological development and other areas of knowledge and action. In this article, I look back at the findings of the original 2002 investigation and discuss—in light of the five possible, original theoretical explanations for the use of English in advertising synthesized there—what may have changed and what remains the same in this realm of language use. I further examine literature in related areas and what insights in relation to world Englishes can be drawn from this context.
English in advertising in Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Kasanga Luanga A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn the last few decades, the linguistic landscape in Lubumbashi, the second largest and most economically important city in the Democratic Republic of Congo, has grown into a big mosaic of languages and colors as many Anglophone mining and trade multinationals established themselves and implanted their foreign identities. For example, of the more than 1,000 advertisements counted in a small section of the city centre, English numbered up to more than 40% of them. Yet, English has remained alien in the country's everyday transactions. The main reason for its presence is that it has become a ‘global language’ (Crystal, 1997), spreading to ‘nearly every corner of the earth’ (Sonntag, 2003, p. xi). The main functions played by this mixture in which English plays a prominent role is to serve for cloning (or pirating), commercial purposes, corporate identity, cosmopolitanism, hybridization, imitation, and snobbism. This ubiquity of English is in sharp contrast with the infinitesimal use of English in intra‐national transactions.
Irish English in intra‐ and intercultural advertising
Authors: Kelly‐Holmes Helen 
Published: August 2019

AbstractProduct descriptions are a type of banal, backstage advertising, but they are also a means of giving consumers additional information about commodities, which in the current consumer culture may be as valuable for identity work and value creation as the commodities themselves. Intercultural advertising may be facilitated or hampered by the discourses and strategies adopted in order to explain the products to consumers outside of the cultural context. Where the product itself is commodified language, the description takes place through language and is also about language. The analysis of product descriptions for t‐shirts which feature a type of Irish English, described as ‘culchie style’ reveals different metapragmatic strategies (standardised translation, metapragmatic discussion, synthetic interaction, metacultural narratives and global juxtaposition) along a continuum from explicit to implicit. It is argued that the former facilitate intercultural marketing and wider circulation more easily than the latter.
The local and global imagery of women in Russian advertising
Authors: Ustinova Irina 
Published: August 2019

AbstractRussian advertisements geared to women display both local and global tendencies. The alignment exists among the elements such as imagery of women and the promoted products, reason or ‘tickle’ advertising techniques, language usage, and value messages. The local imagery of women such as housewife and average woman are visually presented by all age groups and promote goods produced locally, use ‘reason’ explanations, deliver the spoken or written messages mostly in the Russian language, and reflect traditional Russian collectivistic values. The global imagery of women such as sexy beauties or ‘glocal’ imagery of women such as career woman and celebrity employ English only or code‐mixing of English and Russian in the name of the product, label and trade brand, text, slogan attention getter, and ending lines. The English language serves as a sign of modernity, high social status, and prestige and a ‘tickle’ strategy which is used when model‐looking young women promote foreign‐made goods.