bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do Investors Value Sustainability? A Natural Experiment Examining Ranking and Fund Flows
Authors: HARTZMARK SAMUEL M. , SUSSMAN ABIGAIL B. 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTExamining a shock to the salience of the sustainability of the U.S. mutual fund market, we present causal evidence that investors marketwide value sustainability: being categorized as low sustainability resulted in net outflows of more than $12 billion while being categorized as high sustainability led to net inflows of more than $24 billion. Experimental evidence suggests that sustainability is viewed as positively predicting future performance, but we do not find evidence that high‐sustainability funds outperform low‐sustainability funds. The evidence is consistent with positive affect influencing expectations of sustainable fund performance and nonpecuniary motives influencing investment decisions.
Fetal case of right atrial isomerism with infracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection and agenesis of the ductus venosus
Authors: Kitagawa Yosuke , Kim Ki‐Sung , Kawataki Motoyoshi , Ono Shin , Yanagi Sadamitsu , Ueda Hideaki 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAfter birth, the ductus venosus becomes an important route connecting the pulmonary and systemic venous systems for survival in infracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection. We encountered a fetal case of right atrial isomerism with infracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection and agenesis of ductus venosus. Prenatal echocardiography suggested that the fetus had severe pulmonary venous obstruction; however, no obstructive lesions were detected at the level of the vertical vein that drained into the portal veins. Therefore, we concluded that emergency surgical pulmonary venous obstruction release was the only way for the fetus to survive. However, the saturation level was maintained above 70% due to the abundant communications via the hepatic sinusoid over 1 week after birth. In conclusion, hepatic sinusoids can be a sufficient route for pulmonary venous return and may not cause severe pulmonary venous obstruction in infracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection with agenesis of ductus venosus.
Religion in Domestic Violence Prevention PSAs: The Role of Religiosity in Motivating Christian Bystanders to Intervene
Authors: La Ferle Carrie , Muralidharan Sidharth 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDomestic violence is an ongoing health issue around the world, propelling individuals and organizations to seek out new and innovative ways to mitigate its widespread reach. Focusing on the potential of religion to positively impact messaging, the current study examines how Christian symbolism might be used to encourage intervention behavior using public service announcements (PSAs). Using a between‐subjects design of Christian Americans as the respondent pool, a religious symbol versus a control ad was utilized. Levels of religiosity were also measured and factors impacting the construct assessed. Findings revealed religiosity, the importance of religion in one's life, was the underlying motivator for highly religious people to act rather than a religious cue. Within religiosity, the perceived strength of faith to one's identity held greater value than church attendance and frequency of prayer. Theoretical implications are discussed as well as insights for people working in public service messaging.
The impact of modification techniques on the rheological properties of dysphagia foods and liquids
Authors: de Villiers Marilize , Hanson Ben , Moodley Legini , Pillay Mershen 
Published: August 2019

AbstractModifying food and the textures of food has been done for decades within the food science and technology field. More recently, modifying the texture of foods has been used to manage swallowing disabilities (dysphagia). Swallowing disabilities are often associated with dehydration and malnutrition, thus nutritional intervention has formed part of serving texture‐modified diets. The question remains whether these modification techniques are viable for individuals with swallowing disabilities living in majority world countries. This study used two modification methods on a widely used specialized nutritious food (SNF) to determine whether it may be modified and used in dysphagia management. The techniques had to be ergonomic and economically appropriate for individuals with swallowing disabilities living in majority world countries. The International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative's (IDDSI) standards were used to determine whether the texturally modified SNF is safe for swallowing. Rheological measurements were performed to determine apparent viscosity and structure recovery of each sample. The effects of two modification techniques, aeration and particle separation, on the rheological properties of the SNF were also measured and analyzed. It was determined that both milk and water could be used with this SNF to create a dysphagia diet, but only under certain conditions. The overall results indicated that heating the samples increased the apparent viscosity and exacerbated lumping. Room temperature samples had less lumps and could be classified to the desired levels of the IDDSI (Level 2 and Level 4). Using a whisk to aerate the samples reduced lumps significantly and using a sieve to separate particles of liquid samples eliminated lumps. This study provides new data on how texture modification techniques and the IDDSI framework could be adapted to individuals living in majority world countries. By using modification techniques that are ergonomic and economically viable and an SNF with longevity, this study could be useful in guiding future training of nursing staff and caregivers of individuals living in poverty or resource‐constrained communities. This study also adds to the data on the rheological properties of dysphagia foods, although this study did not make use of commercial thickeners generally used in the modification of diets.
The medicalisation of the dying self: The search for life extension in advanced cancer
Authors: Mohammed Shan , Peter Elizabeth , Gastaldo Denise , Howell Doris 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAlthough many studies have previously examined medicalisation, we add a new dimension to the concept as we explore how contemporary oncological medicine shapes the dying self as predominantly medical. Through an analysis of multiple case studies collected within a comprehensive cancer centre in Ontario, Canada, we examine how people with late‐stage cancer and their healthcare providers enacted the process of medicalisation through engaging in the search for oncological treatments, such as experimental drug trials, despite the incurability of their disease. The seven cases included 20 interviews with patients, family, physicians and nurses, the analysis of 30 documents and 5 hr of field observation. A poststructural perspective informed our study. We propose that searching for life extension enacts medicalisation by shaping the dying person afflicted with terminal cancer into new medical subjectivities that are knowledgeable, active, entrepreneurial and curative. Participants initially took up medical thinking from the formal oncology system, but then began to apply and internalise medical rationalities to alter their personhood, thereby generating new curative possibilities for themselves. For people seeking life extension, the embodied and day‐to‐day experiences of suffering and being close to death became expressed and moderated in fundamentally medicalised terms.
Extreme resistance to Potato virus Y in potato carrying the Rysto gene is mediated by a TIR‐NLR immune receptor
Authors: Grech‐Baran Marta , Witek Kamil , Szajko Katarzyna , Witek Agnieszka I. , Morgiewicz Karolina , Wasilewicz‐Flis Iwona , Jakuczun Henryka , Marczewski Waldemar , Jones Jonathan D. G. , Hennig Jacek 
Published: August 2019

SummaryPotato virus Y (PVY) is a major potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) pathogen that causes severe annual crop losses worth billions of dollars worldwide. PVY is transmitted by aphids, and successful control of virus transmission requires the extensive use of environmentally damaging insecticides to reduce vector populations. Rysto, from the wild relative S. stoloniferum, confers extreme resistance (ER) to PVY and related viruses and is a valuable trait that is widely employed in potato resistance breeding programmes. Rysto was previously mapped to a region of potato chromosome XII, but the specific gene has not been identified to date. In this study, we isolated Rysto using resistance gene enrichment sequencing (RenSeq) and PacBio SMRT (Pacific Biosciences single‐molecule real‐time sequencing). Rysto was found to encode a nucleotide‐binding leucine‐rich repeat (NLR) protein with an N‐terminal TIR domain and was sufficient for PVY perception and ER in transgenic potato plants. Rysto‐dependent extreme resistance was temperature‐independent and requires EDS1 and NRG1 proteins. Rysto may prove valuable for creating PVY‐resistant cultivars of potato and other Solanaceae crops.
The uptake of different tillage practices in England
Authors: Alskaf Kamal , Sparkes Debbie L. , Mooney Sacha J. , Sjögersten Sofie , Wilson Paul 
Published: August 2019

AbstractReduced tillage systems have been argued to provide several potential benefits to soil, environment and to farm incomes. In England, while many farms have partially adopted such practices, a large proportion of arable farmers do not undertake reduced tillage in any form. This paper analyses the rationale for and uptake of different cultivation techniques, including analysis of the barriers to adoption of reduced tillage, aiming to benefit policymakers and researchers and increase the spread of smart agricultural practices. Based on a postal questionnaire, we estimated that 47.6% of English arable land is cultivated using minimum‐tillage and 7% under no‐tillage. As farm size increased, so did the probability of reduced tillage uptake. Furthermore, farms growing combinable crops were more likely to utilize reduced tillage approaches than other farm types. Soil type, weed control and weather conditions were noted as the main drivers for ‘strategic’ and ‘rotational’ ploughing, constraining continuous reduced tillage use. To effect greater reduced tillage uptake, greater communication between researchers and farmers is needed to facilitate the implementation of sustainable soil management solutions, supported by current legislation permitting responsible herbicide use in arable production. Financial support to access reduced tillage machinery may also be required for farmers operating smaller holdings. Adopting reduced tillage is a continuous learning process requiring ongoing training and information gathering; supporting a network of reduced tillage ‘farmer champions’ would facilitate practical knowledge exchange, allow farmers to observe soil improvements, understand transition phase barriers and ultimately encourage increased reduced tillage uptake.
Grit, resilience and mindset in health students
Authors: Calo Marlena , Peiris Casey , Chipchase Lucy , Blackstock Felicity , Judd Belinda 
Published: August 2019

SummaryBackgroundGrit, resilience and a growth mindset are personal traits conducive to optimal learning and clinical readiness. These are important traits to consider with regards to whether a student thrives or struggles in challenging situations. Research with medical, nursing and pharmacy students demonstrates correlations of these traits with positive well‐being and academic success. No research has investigated the traits of resilience, grit and mindset type together in health professional students to explore whether they are related, and none have focused on physiotherapy students.MethodsCross‐sectional study of final‐year physiotherapy students (n = 134) aiming to describe the levels of these personal traits and to determine whether they are related to each other or demographic factors.ResultsA proportion of physiotherapy students have low levels of resilience (25%), low academic resilience (19%) and low levels of grittiness (13%). Grit and resilience were positively related (p < 0.001). A smaller fraction of students had a fixed mindset in relation to intelligence (7%) and talent (10%). Having a mental health condition or disability and the number of hours spent in paid employment were related to personal traits.DiscussionThis is the first study to document empirical evidence of physiotherapy students’ levels of grit, resilience and mindset type with a significant proportion of students having low levels of these attributes. Results have implications for clinical educators and universities seeking to improve student well‐being in order to facilitate effective learning. Institutions need to consider best‐practice approaches to managing and supporting these students to foster well‐being for effective learning.
Navigating medical culture and LGBTQ identity
Authors: Toman Lindsay 
Published: August 2019

SummaryBackgroundContextualised within minority stress theory, this study explores the experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) medical students and how they navigate medical school as sexual minorities. Past research indicates many LGBTQ medical students have witnessed medical school staff make prejudice comments about LGBTQ patients, leading sexual minority students to suppress LGBTQ identities and experience adverse mental health outcomes.MethodsFocus groups were conducted with 12 LGBTQ medical students from four different Michigan‐based medical schools.ResultsFindings show that LGBTQ medical students have a difficult time managing their sexual minority status, but non‐white LGBTQ medical students experience medical school at an intersection of sexual‐identity oppression and racial discrimination. LGBTQ medical students abandon hopes of creating close relationships with faculty members and educators because they have witnessed them make derogatory comments towards LGBTQ patients. The burden of performing well academically and suppressing important aspects of the students’ identities creates a stressful work environment that contributes to poor mental health.‘Don’t let the doctors know about your sexuality because they might know someone who knows someone. …’DiscussionBased on this study's findings, there are two recommendations. First, medical school staff should foster a more inclusive environment for students that disrupts the dominance of heteronormative standards, which ultimately underpins LGBTQ health disparities, more generally. Second, medical school faculty members should show their support to LGBTQ students so they can recognise allies and create supportive networks through these individuals. These relationships could encourage students to become successful professionally, but also promote confident and positive feelings about their identities.
The mediating role of farmers' time perspective in water resources exploitation behaviour in the eastern area of Lake Urmia, Iran: An environmental psychological analysis
Authors: Sadeghi Ali , Bijani Masoud , Farhadian Homayoun 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis study aimed to analyse the mediating role of farmers' time perspective in water resources exploitation behaviour/s (WREB). The study was descriptive correlational and causal relational and was carried out using a survey. The statistical population consisted of farmers in the eastern area of Lake Urmia (N = 232 295), of whom 386 persons were selected using a stratified random sampling method. The instrument was a questionnaire, whose validity was confirmed by a panel of experts. Its reliability was also verified by performing the Cronbach's alpha test (0.60 ≥ α ≥ 0.94). The causal framework is presented based on the findings. In such a condition, self‐efficacy, psychological needs and time perspective had the highest total causal effect on farmers' WREB. Moreover, the results confirmed the mediating role of time perspective (as a personal variable) and time norms (as a social variable) in WREB. Therefore, the proper conduct of farmers' WREB needs to provide a futuristic perspective, which is also confirmed by social norms.
Dexamethasone and dexmedetomidine as adjuvants to local anesthetic mixture in intercostal nerve block for thoracoscopic pneumonectomy: a prospective randomized study
Authors: Zhang Panpan , Liu Shijiang , Zhu Jingming , Rao Zhuqing , Liu Cunming 
Published: August 2019

Background and objectivesPerineural dexamethasone or dexmedetomidine prolongs the duration of single-injection peripheral nerve block when added to the local anesthetic solution. In a randomized, controlled, double-blinded study in patients undergoing thoracoscopic pneumonectomy, we tested the hypothesis that combined perineural dexamethasone and dexmedetomidine prolonged the duration of analgesia as compared with either perineural dexamethasone or perineural dexmedetomidine after intercostal nerve block (INB).MethodsEighty patients were randomized to receive INB using 28 mL 0.5% ropivacaine, with 2 mL normal saline (R group), with 10 mg dexamethasone in 2 mL (RS group) or 1 µg/kg dexmedetomidine in 2 mL (RM group), or with 1 µg/kg dexmedetomidine and 10 mg dexamethasone in 2 mL (RSM group) administrated perineurally. The INB was performed by the surgeon under thoracoscopic direct vision; a total of six intercostal spaces were involved, each with an injection of 5 mL. The primary outcome was the duration of analgesia. Secondary outcomes included total postoperative fentanyl consumption, visual analog scale pain score and safety assessment (adverse effects).ResultsThe duration of analgesia in RSM (824.2±105.1 min) was longer than that in RS (611.5±133.0 min), RM (602.5±108.5 min) and R (440.0±109.6 min) (p<0.001). Total postoperative fentanyl consumption was lower in RSM (106.0±84.0 µg) compared with RS (243.0±175.2 µg), RM (237.0±98.7 µg) and R (369.0±134.2 µg) (p<0.001). No significant difference was observed in the incidences of adverse effects between the four groups.ConclusionThe addition of combined perineural dexmedetomidine and dexamethasone to ropivacaine for INB seemed to be an attractive method for prolonged analgesia with almost no adverse effects.Trial registration numberChiCTR-IOR-17012183.
Intermittent sequential pneumatic compression does not enhance whole-body heat loss in elderly adults during extreme heat exposure
Authors: D’Souza Andrew W. , Notley Sean R. , Meade Robert D. , Kenny Glen P. 
Published: August 2019

Lower-limb intermittent sequential pneumatic compression (ISPC) improves circulation and vascular function in elderly adults. We evaluated the hypothesis that ISPC would also augment whole-body heat loss (WBHL) in elderly adults (aged 69 ± 4 years) resting in extreme heat (40 °C). While ISPC increased mean arterial pressure (91 ± 9 mm Hg) relative to no-ISPC (83 ± 5 mm Hg; P = 0.013) at the end of the exposure, no influence on WBHL was observed (81 ± 7 and 86 ± 11 W for ISPC and no-ISPC, respectively, P = 0.310). Novelty When assessed in elderly adults during an extreme heat exposure, intermittent sequential pneumatic compression augmented mean arterial pressure but did not enhance whole-body heat loss.
High-mannose intercellular adhesion molecule-1 enhances CD16+monocyte adhesion to the endothelium
Authors: Regal-McDonald Kellie , Xu Brittney , Barnes Jarrod W. , Patel Rakesh P. 
Published: August 2019

Human monocytes have been classified into three distinct groups, classical (anti-inflammatory; CD14+/CD16−), nonclassical (patrolling; CD14+/CD16++), and intermediate (proinflammatory; CD14++/CD16+). Adhesion of nonclassical/intermediate monocytes with the endothelium is important for innate immunity, and also vascular inflammatory disease. However, there is an incomplete understanding of the mechanisms that regulate CD16+versus CD16−monocyte adhesion to the inflamed endothelium. Here, we tested the hypothesis that a high-mannose (HM) N-glycoform of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) on the endothelium mediates the selective recruitment of CD16+monocytes. Using TNF-α treatment of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and using proximity ligation assay for detecting proximity of specific N-glycans and ICAM-1, we show that TNF-α induces HM-ICAM-1 formation on the endothelial surface in a time-dependent manner. We next measured CD16−or CD16+monocyte rolling and adhesion to TNF-α-treated HUVECs in which HM- or hybrid ICAM-1 N-glycoforms were generated using the α-mannosidase class I and II inhibitors, kifunensine and swainsonine, respectively. Expression of HM-ICAM-1 selectively enhanced CD16+monocyte adhesion under flow with no effect on CD16−monocytes noted. CD16+monocyte adhesion was abrogated by blocking either HM epitopes or ICAM-1. A critical role for HM-ICAM-1 in mediating CD16+monocyte rolling and adhesion was confirmed using COS-1 cells engineered to express HM or complex ICAM-1 N-glycoforms. These data suggest that HM-ICAM-1 selectively recruits nonclassical/intermediate CD16+monocytes to the activated endothelium.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Monocyte subsets have been associated with cardiovascular disease, yet it is unknown how different subsets are recruited to the endothelium. This study demonstrates the formation of distinct ICAM-1 N-glycoforms in the activated endothelium and reveals a key role for high mannose ICAM-1 in mediating proinflammatory CD16+monocyte adhesion. Presented data identify roles for endothelial N-glycans in recruiting specific monocyte subsets during inflammation.
Association of BMI, Smoking, and Alcohol with Multiple Myeloma Mortality in Asians: A Pooled Analysis of More than 800,000 Participants in the Asia Cohort Consortium
Authors: Ugai Tomotaka , Ito Hidemi , Oze Isao , Saito Eiko , Rahman Md Shafiur , Boffetta Paolo , Gupta Prakash C. , Sawada Norie , Tamakoshi Akiko , Shu Xiao Ou , Koh Woon-Puay , Gao Yu-Tang , Sadakane Atsuko , Tsuji Ichiro , Park Sue K. , Nagata Chisato , You San-Lin , Pednekar Mangesh S. , Tsugane Shoichiro , Cai Hui , Yuan Jian-Min , Xiang Yong-Bing , Ozasa Kotaro , Tomata Yasutake , Kanemura Seiki , Sugawara Yumi , Wada Keiko , Chen Chien-Jen , Yoo Keun-Young , Chia Kee Seng , Ahsan Habibul , Zheng Wei , Inoue Manami , Kang Daehee , Potter John , Matsuo Keitaro 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background:
To date, few epidemiologic studies have been conducted to elucidate lifestyle-related risk factors for multiple myeloma in Asia. We investigated the association of body mass index (BMI), smoking, and alcohol intake with the risk of multiple myeloma mortality through a pooled analysis of more than 800,000 participants in the Asia Cohort Consortium.

Methods:
The analysis included 805,309 participants contributing 10,221,623 person-years of accumulated follow-up across Asia Cohort Consortium cohorts. HRs and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for the association between BMI, smoking, and alcohol at baseline and the risk of multiple myeloma mortality were assessed using a Cox proportional hazards model with shared frailty.

Results:
We observed a statistically significant dose-dependent association between BMI categories and the risk of multiple myeloma mortality (&lt;18.5 kg/m2: HR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.52–1.24; 18.5–24.9 kg/m2: reference; 25.0–29.9 kg/m2: HR = 1.17, 95% CI: 0.94–1.47; ≥30 kg/m2: HR = 1.61, 95% CI: 0.99–2.64, Ptrend = 0.014). By sex, this association was more apparent in women than in men (P for heterogeneity between sexes = 0.150). We observed no significant associations between smoking or alcohol consumption and risk of multiple myeloma mortality.

Conclusions:
This study showed that excess body mass is associated with an increased risk of multiple myeloma mortality among Asian populations. In contrast, our results do not support an association between smoking or alcohol consumption and the risk of multiple myeloma mortality in Asian populations.

Impact:
This study provides important evidence on the association of BMI, smoking, and alcohol with the risk of multiple myeloma mortality in Asian populations.