bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Effect of Low-Dose Methotrexate on Osseointegration of Implants: A Biomechanical Study on Dogs
Authors: Tavakoli Mohamad , Yaghini Jaber , abed Ahmad Moghare , Malekzadeh Meisam , Maleki Dina 
Published: August 2018

Background:
Methotrexate (MTX) is an immunosuppressive drug, widely used in inflammatory disturbances including rheumatoid arthritis. However, there is no consensus regarding the effect of MTX on implant osseointegration.

Objective:
The purpose of this experimental study was to investigate the effect of low dose MTX on Bone-Implant Contact (BIC) of dogs.

Methods:
Six mandibular premolar teeth (bilateral) of 8 mature dogs were extracted. After 3 months of healing, 6 implants (bone level, resorbable blast media surface) were inserted into the mandible of each dog (3 in each side). Dogs were randomly divided into a study group (receiving 2.5 mg/week MTX orally, 3 times per week for 4 weeks) and a control group each containing 4 dogs. In the 1st week, postoperative BIC was evaluated in 4 dogs, two from each group. In the 4th week, reverse torque and BIC were evaluated in the remaining 4 dogs. Data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA test for 95% confidence interval.

Results:
The reverse torque test of the 4th week, showed a satisfying osseointegration. Histopathologic evaluation revealed that the BIC was significantly higher in the control group in comparison to the MTX group in the 1st and 4th week. In addition, the BIC of both groups were significantly increased in the 4th week in comparison to the 1st week in both groups.

Conclusion:
MTX has the potential to interfere with osseointegration process.
The Frequency of Antibiotic Resistance and ESBLs Among Clinically Acinetobacter baumannii Strains Isolated from Patients in a Major Hospital in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Ranjbar Reza , Tolon Sajjad S. , Zayeri Shahin , Sami Mehrdad 
Published: August 2018

Background:Bacterial resistance to antibiotics limits treatment options, increases morbidity and mortality, and raises the risk of antibiotic-associated adverse events. Antibacterial resistance emerges rapidly following an increase in the consumption of antibiotics against infectious diseases. The spread of ESBL producing strains has a limiting factor based on antibiotic function for the treatment of infections particularly caused byAcinetobacter baumannii(A. baumannii).Objective:This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and distribution ofblaTEM,blaCTX, andblaSHVgenes amongA. baumanniistrains isolated from clinical samples at a major hospital in Teheran, Iran.Methods:A. baumanniistrains were isolated and identified using standard microbiological methods. The disc diffusion and combined discs methods were used for testing antimicrobial susceptibility and to identify the strains producing Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases (ESBL), respectively. DNA extraction was done by boiling method. Finally, the frequency of resistant genes includingblaTEM,blaCTX, andblaSHVin ESBL producing isolates was studied by PCR.Results:Gender distribution in this study was 53 (53%) samples for men and 47 (47%) for women. Totally, one hundredA. baumanniistrains were isolated. More than 93% of the isolates were multi drug resistant. The highest to lowest antibiotic resistance was observed against amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (98%), ceftriaxone (96%), cefotaxime (94%), and ceftazidime (93%), respectively. The frequency of positive phenotypic test of ESBL was 19% and 16% for CAZ-C and CTX-C, respectively. The frequency ofblaTEM,blaCTX, andblaSHVgenes was 52.1, 43.4, and 21.7, respectively.Conclusion:A. baumanniiisolates exhibited an extremely worrying level of antibiotic resistance, and a high percentage of the isolates showed MDR in this study. This is a serious warning because ESBLs are a major threat to the effectiveness of antibiotics that are currently available for medical uses. The frequency of genes encoded ESBL isolates ofA. baumanniimay be due to overuse and misuse of antibiotics.
An Age and Activity Algorithm for Treatment of Type II SLAP Tears
Authors: Charles Michael D. , Christian David R. , Cole Brian J. 
Published: August 2018

Background:
Type II SLAP tears predominantly occur in males between their third and fifth decades of life. The mechanism of injury is often repeated overheard activity but can also occur due to direct compression loads and traction injuries. The treatment options have changed over the years and include non-operative therapy, direct labral-biceps complex repair, and labral debridement with biceps tenodesis or tenotomy.

Objective:
To review the existing literature on the management of Type II SLAP tears and provide clinical recommendations based on patient age and activity level.

Methods:
A review of the existing literature through October 2017 investigating the management of Type II SLAP tears was performed. Emphasis was placed on distinguishing the outcomes based on age and activity level to provide an appropriate treatment algorithm.

Results:
Patients with Type II SLAP tears should first be trialed with non-operative management and many patients will have a successful result with ability to return to their respective sports or activities. Surgical management should be considered if non-operative management does not provide symptomatic relief. Young, athletic, or high-demand patients should be treated with a SLAP repair while biceps tenodesis should be considered for older or worker’s compensation patients. Patients undergoing revision surgery for a failed SLAP repair should be managed with biceps tenodesis.

Conclusion:
Type II SLAP tears remain a difficult pathology to manage clinically, but the treatment indications are narrowing. The age and activity algorithm described in this review provides an effective method of managing this complex clinical condition.
Treatment of SLAP Lesions
Authors: Stathellis Apostolos , Brilakis Emmanouil , Georgoulis Jim-Dimitris , Antonogiannakis Emmanouil , Georgoulis Anastasios 
Published: August 2018

Background:
The surgical treatment of a Superior Labrum Anterior and Posterior (SLAP) lesion becomes more and more frequent as the surgical techniques, the implants and the postoperative rehabilitation of the patient are improved and provide in most cases an excellent outcome.

Objective:
However, a standard therapy of SLAP lesions in the shoulder surgery has not been established yet. An algorithm on how to treat SLAP lesions according to their type and data on the factors that influence the surgical outcome is essential for the everyday clinical practice.

Method:
In this article, a retrospective evaluation of patients with SLAP lesion, treated surgically in our orthopaedic clinic was conducted.

Results:
According to the clinical outcome and our experience with the surgical therapy of SLAP lesions we demonstrate an algorithm on the proper therapeutic approach.

Conclusion:
SLAP I lesions are treated with debridement. Most controversies concern patients with SLAP II lesions, whose therapy is either fixation of the superior labrum or tenotomy/tenodesis of the long head of the biceps tendon. For patients with SLAP III or IV lesions the most commonly accepted approach is tenotomy or tenodesis of the long head of biceps tendon.
Superior Capsular Release After Failed Combined Superior Labral Repair And Biceps Tenodesis For Slap Tear
Authors: Han Yung , Lee Janet , Park Sung , Suh Eugene 
Published: August 2018

Introduction:
Optimal treatment of type II superior labrum anterior and posterior (SLAP) tears is controversial. There has been a recent trend towards biceps tenodesis over SLAP repair in older patients. Few surgeons have performed combined biceps tenodesis and SLAP repair with inferior results.

Case Report:
This case describes a 46-year-old patient who had persistent pain and stiffness after combined biceps tenodesis and SLAP repair for a type II SLAP tear. His pain and motion improved after arthroscopic superior capsular release.

Conclusion:
Failed SLAP repair is often multifactorial and a thorough workup is needed. Combined biceps tenodesis and SLAP repair can cause pain, stiffness, and dysfunction which can be successfully treated with arthroscopic superior capsular release.
Superior Labral Anterior to Posterior Tear Management in Athletes
Authors: Mathew Cristin John , Lintner David Mark 
Published: August 2018

Background:The diagnosis and treatment of Superior Labrum Anterior to Posterior (SLAP) tears have been evolving and controversial. The lack of clear diagnostic criteria on physical examination, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), and arthroscopic evaluation clouds the issue. The high rate of MRI diagnosed SLAP lesions in the asymptomatic population of athletes and non-athletes warrants consideration when planning treatment for those with shoulder pain.Objective:To provide information on the evaluation, diagnosis and management of SLAP tears in athletes.Methods:The results of a structured non-operative rehabilitation program are discussed and compared to traditional surgical techniques. The evolution of the author’s treatment algorithm is presented. Results: The successful return to overhand throwing is more common with non-operative treatment than with surgical.Conclusion:A rehabilitation program focused on stretching the posterior capsule and correcting scapular posture is more successful than surgery for most throwers with SLAP lesions.
Current Concepts in the Evaluation and Management of Type II Superior Labral Lesions of the Shoulder
Authors: Hester William A. , O’Brien Michael J. , Heard Wendell M.R. , Savoie Felix H. 
Published: August 2018

Background:
Superior labrum tears extending from anterior to posterior (SLAP lesion) are a cause of significant shoulder pain and disability. Management for these lesions is not standardized. There are no clear guidelines for surgical versus non-surgical treatment, and if surgery is pursued there are controversies regarding SLAP repair versus biceps tenotomy/tenodesis.

Objective:
This paper aims to briefly review the anatomy, classification, mechanisms of injury, and diagnosis of SLAP lesions. Additionally, we will describe our treatment protocol for Type II SLAP lesions based on three groups of patients: throwing athletes, non-throwing athletes, and all other Type II SLAP lesions.

Conclusion:
The management of SLAP lesions can be divided into 4 broad categories: (1) nonoperative management that includes scapular exercise, restoration of balanced musculature, and that would be expected to provide symptom relief in 2/3 of all patients; (2) patients with a clear traumatic episode and symptoms of instability that should undergo SLAP repair without (age < 40) or with (age > 40) biceps tenotomy or tenodesis; (3) patients with etiology of overuse without instability symptoms should be managed by biceps tenotomy or tenodesis; and (4) throwing athletes that should be in their own category and preferentially managed with rigorous physical therapy centered on hip, core, and scapular exercise in addition to restoration of shoulder motion and rotator cuff balance. Peel-back SLAP repair, Posterior Inferior Glenohumeral Ligament (PIGHL) release, and treatment of the partial infraspinatus tear with debridement, PRP, or (rarely) repair should be reserved for those who fail this rehabilitation program.
The Effect of Deworming School Children on Anemia Prevalence: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Girum Tadele , Wasie Abebaw 
Published: August 2018

Introduction:
High prevalence of anemia attributable to intestinal parasite infection occurs among children in developing countries. As a result mass treatment of all children with anti-helminthic drugs particularly in school setting is being implemented. There are few studies conducted to assess impact of deworming on anemia prevalence among school children with inconclusive finding. Therefore we aimed to conduct a systematic review on impact assessment of deworming on anemia prevalence or hemoglobin level of school children so that policy makers and other stalk holders could have pooled evidence on the direction to make decision.

Methods:
The review was conducted through a systematic literature search of articles published between 1998 and 2015. Five bibliographic databases and libraries: PubMed/Medline, Global Health Database, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and African Index Medicus were used. After cleaning and sorting, analysis was performed using STATA version 11. The pooled estimate was through a fixed-effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed by the I2 and publication bias through funnel plot.

Results:
Eight studies were retained for final analysis which enrolled a total of 1,005,239 school children. The overall change in the hemoglobin level after deworming was 1.62(95%CI=1.01-2.25) gram/deciliter. There was no difference between the random effect model and the fixed effect model. The prevalence of anemia was markedly changed after the program, particularly in the studies which implemented deworming with hygiene program, co-administration of iron and retinol.

Conclusion and Recommendation:
School based deworming program decreases prevalence of anemia and will contribute to reduction of anemia in the community. Therefore the program should be expanded in all areas and integrated with other child care programs.
Choline-PET/CT in the Differential Diagnosis Between Cystic Glioblastoma and Intraparenchymal Hemorrhage
Authors: Alongi Pierpaolo , Vetrano Ignazio Gaspare , Fiasconaro Elisa , Alaimo Valerio , Laudicella Riccardo , Bellavia Marina , Rubino Francesca , Bagnato Sergio , Galardi Giuseppe 
Published: August 2018

Objective:
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) represents the most common and malignant
glioma, accounting for 45%-50% of all gliomas. The median survival time for patients with glioblastoma
is only 12-15 months after surgical, chemioterapic and radiotherapic treatment; a correct diagnosis
is naturally fundamental to establish a rapid and correct therapy. Non-invasive imaging plays a pivotal
role in each phase of the diagnostic workup of patients with suspected for diagnosis. The aim of
this case report was to describe the potential clinical impact of 18F-fluorocholine (FCH) PET/CT in the
assessment of a cystic GBM mimicking a spontaneous hemorrhage.

Methods:

a 57 years-old male with intraparenchymal hemorrhage at CT imaging initially in reduction
ad serial imaging and suspected right fronto-temporo-parietal lesion at MRI underwent dynamic and
static (60&#039; after tracer injection) FCH PET/CT of the brain.

Results:
FCH PET/CT showed rapid tracer uptake after few second from injection at dynamic acquisition
and consequent incremental mild uptake at static imaging after 60 minutes at the level of oval
formation in the right cerebral hemisphere characterized by annular and peripheral high metabolic activity.
The central region of the lesion was characterized by the absence 18F-FCH uptake most likely
due to blood component. The patient underwent surgery for tumor removal; the histopathological examination
confirmed the suspect of GBM. Chemo-radiotherapic adjuvant protocol according to Stupp
protocol was therefore administrated; to date the patient is alive without any progression disease at 5
months from treatment.

Conclusion:
In this case report FCH PET/CT represented the final diagnostic technique to confirm the
suspicious of a cystic GBM. Our case demonstrated the potential role of 18F-FCH PET/CT for discrimination
of higher proliferation area over intraparenchymal hemorrhage, supporting the potential
use of this imaging biomarker in surgical or radiosurgical approach. Obviously, further prospective
studies are needed to confirm this role and to exactly define possible routinely applications.
The Necessity of Developing AIDS and Reproductive Health Indicators for Iranian Adolescents in the National Health System; The Evaluation of Indicators among 18-24 Year Old University Students of Shahroud, Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Vakilian Katayon , Keramat Afsaneh , Seyyed Abbas Mousavi 
Published: August 2018

Background and Objectives:Indicators are required to assess health needs as well as monitor, implement and evaluate the impact of health promotion programs. In the present study, efficacious indicators in the prevention of HIV/AIDS and enhancement of reproductive health were developed and measured.Materials and Methods:After creating a database, the indicators were presented to a panel of experts. A total of 28 indicators, which were divided into three domain categoriesviz: “knowledge”, “attitude” and “behavior” were developed after prioritization. In the next stage, 1500 male and female students within the age bracket of 18-24 were included after ascertaining the validity and reliability of some of the study's questionnaires. Multistage sampling was employed. After obtaining approval from universities and the respective professors, the questionnaires were distributed to students. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, version 20 and Pearson's descriptive-analytical statistics.Results:Responding to whether “AIDS can be transmitted through the use of a previously used toilet by an individual suffering from AIDS” or not, 168 (18.8%) female and 166 (32.0%) male students answered correctly, with the difference being statistically significant (p = 0.001). A total of 293 (40.6%) male students believed that the perfect age for males to get married was 26 or under. A total of 157 (30.4%) female and 267 (29.5%) male students believed that the majority of their single friends had never had sexual relations, respectively.Conclusion:Planning can be carried out to reduce factors that adversely affect the enhancement of adolescents’ reproductive and sexual health through the measurement of such indicators, including educational and service programs that provide a better access to such services for adolescents.
Decrement in Swimming Performance with Added Burden of Outer Clothing
Authors: Laakso Bente W. , Horneman Ebbe K. , Grimstad Rannei , Stallman Robert Keig 
Published: August 2018

Background:
Most drowning occurs after an involuntary fall into open deep water. Thus, the victim is usually wearing outer clothing. The added burden of clothing may reduce the chance of survival.

Methods:
Grade Four children (n = 490) swam a 200 m combined test, twice, half with outer clothing first, half without. The test included jump or dive into deep water, swim 100 m on the front, stop and rest 3 min front and back, swim 100 m on the back and climb out over edge of pool. Each skill was scored from 0 to 2.0, a perfect score being 12.0. The Wilcoxen Signed Rank test was used to test the significance of the difference between treatments. Total scores with and without outer clothing were correlated using the Spearman rho.

Results:
The average total scores were 10.65 without outer clothing and 8.55 with (of 12.0). The Wilcoxen Z score was 2.79, statistically significant at p = 0.005. The Spearman rho between the two scores was 0.41. Of those who were judged able to swim without outer clothing, a significant number were judged unable to swim with outer clothing. This was true at whatever level “can swim” was arbitrarily placed. Among those who scored best, the difference between without and with clothing was considerably less than among those who scored poorly.

Conclusions:
The added burden of clothing significantly affected skill performance. It cannot be assumed that one who can swim without outer clothing, can swim with. The moderate correlation between scores suggests that economical movement may be the quality which transfers from without to with clothing.
Surgical Treatment Modalities of Ecthyma Gangrenosum in Children: Report of 3 cases and Review of the Literature for Pediatric Patients
Authors: Şenayli Atilla , Demir Rabia , Bostancı Süleyman Arif , Demirtaş Gökhan , Azılı Müjdem Nur , Şenel Emrah 
Published: August 2018

Ecthyma Gangrenosum (EG) is usually a-sudden-onset disease
affecting multiple regions of body with various symptoms and findings. Although
the problem is seemed to be consequence of infections like Pseudomonas
aeruginosa, some unpredictable causes may involve in it. Due to the rapid onset
of the disease, practitioners are often unprepared for the EG. We are also
qualified for treating lesions caused by burns but not EG. Although we were also unrehearsed for EG
treatment, our facility was one of the experienced tertiary care children’s hospitals.
Therefore, we were able to accomplish the problem in these 3 patients. Herein,
we shared our treatment plots of EG. We believe these experiences will be
helpful to comprehend alternative management protocols when treatment disappointments
were observed during clinical progress.
LITERASI MEMBACA UNTUK MEMANTAPKAN NILAI SOSIAL SISWA SD
Authors: Muhammadi Muhammadi , Taufina Taufina , Chandra Chandra 
Published: August 2018

Tujuan penelitian awal ini untuk mengumpulkan informasi tentang gaya belajar dan kesukaan siswa SD yang berguna untuk mengembangkan buku literasi membacasebagai bentuk pemantapan nilai sosial budaya di SD agar berdaya guna untuk Gerakan Literasi Sekolah. Hal ini dilandasi oleh masih ditemukan kasus siswa SD yang melakukan kekerasan terhadap teman sendiri. Model pengembangan literasi membaca untuk siswa SD yang digunakan adalah model Plomp dengan langkah:preliminary research, prototyping, dan assessment. Temuan penelitian dalam analisis awal yaitu siswa cenderung kurang termotivasi untuk membaca disebabkan bahan bacaan yang kurang menarik. Analisis kebutuhan menunjukkan bahwa siswa SD sangat menyukai cerita rakyat. Cerita rakyat yang perlu dikembangkan yaitu cerita rakyat nusantara yang tersebar di seluruh Indonesia dalam setiap provinsi. Diharapkan praktisi pendidikan menggunakan buku yang berisi tentang cerita rakyat dalam proses pembelajaran dan menjalankan Gerakan Literasi Sekolah. Hasil validasi bahan ajar menunjukkan bahwa bahan ajar literasi membaca dengan menggunakan cerita rakyat sudah valid dan dapat diujicobakan. Kata kunci: literasi membaca, cerita rakyat,sekolah dasar READING LITERACY TO STRENGTHEN SOCIAL VALUES AMONG ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS Abstract This preliminary study aims to collect information about elementary school students’ learning styles and preferences that are useful for developing reading literacy books to strengthenthe socio-cultural values in elementary schools in order to be effective for the School Literacy Movement. This is as based on the fact that there are cases of elementary school students committing violence against their own friends. The development model of reading literacy for elementary school students was Plomp’s model with the steps of preliminary research, prototyping, and assessment. The research findings in the preliminary analysis show that students tend to have less motivation to read due to reading materials which are not interesting enough. The needs analysis results show that elementary school students really like folklore. The folklore to be developed comprises traditional Indonesian folklore spreading throughout the country in every province. It is expected that educational practitioners use a book about folklore in the learning process and the School Literacy Movement. The results of the teaching materials validation show that reading literacy learning materials using folklore are valid and can be tried out.Keywords: reading literacy, folklore, elementary school