bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The inhibitory effect of Hypericum japonicum on H9N2 avian influenza virus
Authors: Hu Huiqiong , Li Jingmin , Zheng Shumei , Zhao Keyu , Xia Yongbo , Wei Xiaona , Han Mingzheng , Zhao Yukun , Peng Ouyang , Zhao Zhiqing , Chen Zexin , Su Weiwei , Cao Yongchang , Wang Yonggang , Xue Chunyi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe H9N2 subtype of avian influenza virus (AIV) causes severe immunosuppression and high mortality in view of its frequent co-infection with other pathogens, resulting in significant economic losses in the poultry industry. Current vaccines provide suboptimal immune protection against H9N2 AIV owing to antigenic variations, highlighting the urgent need for safe and effective antiviral drugs for the prevention and treatment of this virus. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects of Hypericum japonicum extract on H9N2 AIV. Our findings revealed that the extract obtained through resin column separation using 60% ethanol (S06-60%) inhibited H9N2 AIV replication in Madin-Daby canine kidney cells in a dose-dependent manner. The maximum safe concentration of the water-soluble S06-60% extract was determined to be 0.05 mg/mL. Time-course experiments indicated that S06-60% primarily exerted its antiviral effects during the viral pretreatment and adsorption stages. Furthermore, in vivo experiments conducted on specific pathogen-free chickens confirmed the effectiveness of S06-60% in inhibiting H9N2 AIV infection and mitigating associated damage to tracheal and lung tissues. Overall, our study highlights the therapeutic potential of Hypericum japonicum extract S06-60% as a viable antiviral candidate against H9N2 AIV, offering promising implications for its application in poultry health management to reduce the economic impact on the poultry industry.
Comparative study of the W UMa type binaries S Ant and ε CrA
Authors: Bakış Volkan , Budding Edwin , Erdem Ahmet , Love Tom , Blackford Mark G. , Wu Zihao , Tang Adam , Rhodes Michael , Banks Timothy S. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Contact binaries challenge contemporary stellar astrophysics with respect to their incidence, structure, and evolution. We explore these issues through a detailed study of two bright examples: S Ant and

$\varepsilon$

CrA, that permit high-resolution spectroscopy at a relatively good S/N ratio. The availability of high-quality photometry, including data from the TESS satellite as well as Gaia parallaxes, allows us to apply the Russell paradigm to produce reliable up-to-date information on the physical properties of these binaries. As a result, models of their interactive evolution, such as the thermal relaxation oscillator scenario, can be examined. Mass transfer between the components is clearly evidenced, but the variability of the O’Connell effect over relatively short-time scales points to irregularities in the mass transfer or accretion processes. Our findings indicate that S Ant may evolve into an R CMa type Algol, while the low mass ratio of

$\varepsilon$

CrA suggests a likely merger of its components in the not-too-distant future.
(In)definites, pronouns and bare nouns: How Turkish/Swedish bilingual 4-to-7-year-olds introduce characters in narratives in Swedish
Authors: Lindgren Josefin , Bohnacker Ute 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the referential forms children use to introduce characters in Swedish, in a cross-sectional sample of oral narratives by 100 Turkish/Swedish bilinguals aged 4 to 7 and in a longitudinal sample from age 4 to 6 (N = 10). We analysed development with age and how language proficiency (expressive vocabulary) and exposure affect children’s use of referring expressions, with a focus on referential appropriateness. In addition, a qualitative analysis of the characteristics of high- and low-performing children was carried out. The results show significant effects of age and language proficiency, but not of language exposure on appropriate use of referring expressions. At age 7, 69% of the characters were introduced with an indefinite NP. The Turkish/Swedish bilinguals were found to lag behind in their use of indefinite NPs in comparison to Swedish-speaking children investigated in previous studies, with little crosslinguistic influence from L1 Turkish.
Smooth and proper maps with respect to a fibration
Authors: Anel Mathieu , Weinberger Jonathan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper explain how the geometric notions of local contractibility and properness are related to the
$\Sigma$
-types and
$\Pi$
-types constructors of dependent type theory. We shall see how every Grothendieck fibration comes canonically with such a pair of notions—called smooth and proper maps—and how this recovers the previous examples and many more. This paper uses category theory to reveal a common structure between geometry and logic, with the hope that the parallel will be beneficial to both fields. The style is mostly expository, and the main results are proved in external references.
Robotic capital - skill complementarity
Authors: Battisti Michele , Del Gatto Massimo , Gravina Antonio Francesco , Parmeter Christopher F. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Relying upon an original (country-sector-year) measure of robotic capital (

$RK$

), we investigate the degree of complementarity/substitutability between robots and workers at different skill levels. We employ nonparametric methods to estimate elasticity of substitution patterns between

$RK$

and skilled/unskilled labor over the period 1995–2009. We show that: i) on average,

$RK$

exhibits less substitutability with skilled workers compared to unskilled workers, indicating a phenomenon of “RK-Skill complementarity”. This pattern holds in a global context characterized by significant heterogeneity; ii) the dynamic of “RK-Skill complementarity” has increased since the early 2000s; iii) the observed strengthening is more prominent in OECD countries, as opposed to non-OECD countries, and in the Manufacturing sector, compared to non-Manufacturing industries.
RATIONAL REPRESENTATIONS AND RATIONAL GROUP ALGEBRA OF VZ
$\boldsymbol {p}$
-GROUPS
Authors: CHOUDHARY RAM KARAN , PRAJAPATI SUNIL KUMAR 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this article, we study rational matrix representations of VZ p-groups (p is any prime). Using our findings on VZ p-groups, we explicitly obtain all inequivalent irreducible rational matrix representations of all p-groups of order
$\leq p^4$
. Furthermore, we establish combinatorial formulae to determine the Wedderburn decompositions of rational group algebras for VZ p-groups and all p-groups of order
$\leq p^4$
, ensuring simplicity in the process.
Did the pandemic lead to a change in attitudes towards cCBT? A service evaluation looking at the impact of the pandemic on practitioner beliefs regarding the routine use of cCBT within an NHS Talking Therapies Service
Authors: Ragan Kathryn , Kelly Claire , Thwaites Richard 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Computerised CBT (cCBT) is an established and evidence-based treatment for depression and some anxiety disorders. This paper aimed to replicate the study of Meisel et al. (2018), to understand more about therapist beliefs regarding offering cCBT within a service-evaluation. Meisel et al. (2018) found that although most staff in an inner-city IAPT service were confident offering cCBT to clients, staff believed there was not a strong evidence-base, and training on cCBT was identified as a solution to low cCBT uptake. The unexpected COVID-19 pandemic provided an opportunity to collect additional data to understand the impact of significant societal changes and service delivery methods to see if this led to a change in attitudes towards cCBT as Wind et al. (2020) hypothesised.
Data on staff beliefs about the provision of cCBT from one rural UK Talking Therapies service is presented across three time points: pre-COVID pandemic, post-COVID pandemic, and following additional cCBT training. Staff completed a survey at each time point, containing agree/disagree ratings and free-text questions, obtaining perspectives on cCBT including advantages, barriers/problems, and confidence. This paper reports staff opinions with commentary on how they have changed over time. Between time points 1 and 3, agreement with the statement ‘supporting clients using cCBT requires a high level of skill’ increased by 29%. Several beliefs did not change, despite moving towards more remote working in the pandemic, and training. Although the paper illustrates some changes in beliefs over time, it does not provide support for changes in therapist beliefs, with reasons for this examined.

Key learning aims

(1)
Following reading this paper, the reader will understand changes in staff beliefs and attitudes towards cCBT that occurred between pre-pandemic and post-pandemic time points in one NHS Talking Therapies service.

(2)
The reader will also be aware of the beliefs that have not changed following both the pandemic and additional staff training on cCBT and will be able to consider why this might be and whether it may be generalisable across wider services.

(3)
The reader will be aware of potential interventions that could be introduced to try and address the ‘stubborn beliefs’ around cCBT that are not consistent with the evidence-base and may limit patient access to this option.
The East London Classics Summer School 2024
Authors: Merali-Smith Sarah 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This is a review of the activities and successes of the 4th East London Classics Summer School, which took place in Hackney from Monday 29th July to Friday 2nd August 2024. Specifically, it covers our typical teaching arrangement, lectures and trips, and it also acknowledges the generosity of those supporting our initiative.
Constraints on the Projected Tropical Pacific Sea Surface Temperature Warming Pattern by the Tropical North Atlantic Cold SST Bias in CMIP6 Models
Authors: Ying Jun , Collins Matthew , Chadwick Robin , Ma Jian , Lian Tao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractReliable projections of the tropical Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) warming (TPSW) patterns are critically important for exploring the future climate change. However, climate models suffer from long‐standing common biases in simulating the present‐day climate, raising doubts about the model projected TPSW patterns. Here by using outputs from 30 CMIP6 models, we find the projected TPSW patterns are significantly correlated with the simulated present‐day SST in the tropical North Atlantic (TNA), with higher present‐day TNA SSTs tending to project more weakened zonal SST gradients by producing more present‐day low‐level clouds and the resultant positive cloud–shortwave–SST feedbacks over the eastern equatorial Pacific. An emergent constraint using observed TNA SST reveals a consistent El Niño‐like warming pattern in all models with more weakened zonal SST gradient than before in most models, together with a reduction of the inter‐model uncertainty in the zonal SST gradient change by more than 20%.
KIF1A promotes neuroendocrine differentiation in prostate cancer by regulating the OGT-mediated O-GlcNAcylation
Authors: Zhou Qianqian , Yang Muyi , Fu Jiawei , Sun Xinyu , Wang Jiajia , Zhang Hanwen , Hu Jing , Han Bo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNeuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) arises from prostate adenocarcinoma after endocrine treatment failure and implies lethality and limited therapeutic options. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying transdifferentiation from adenocarcinoma to NEPC may provide valuable therapeutic strategies. We performed a pan-cancer differential mRNA abundance analysis and identified that Kinesin-like protein (KIF1A) was highly expressed in NEPC. KIF1A knockdown impaired neuroendocrine(NE) features, including NE marker gene expression, stemness, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), whereas KIF1A overexpression promoted these processes. Targeting KIF1A inhibited the growth of NE differentiated prostate cancer (PCa) cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, KIF1A bound with O-linked N-acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT) and regulated its protein expression and activity. Nuclear accumulation of OGT induced by KIF1A overexpression promoted intranuclear O-GlcNAcylation of β-catenin and OCT4 in nucleus. More importantly, our data revealed that OGT was critical for KIF1A induced NE differentiation and aggressive tumor growth. An OGT inhibitor, OSMI-1, can significantly inhibited NE differentiated PCa cell proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Our findings showed that KIF1A promotes NE differentiation to NEPC by regulating the OGT-mediated O-GlcNAcylation. Targeting O-GlcNAcylation may impede the development of NEPC for a group of PCa patients with elevated KIF1A expression.
Phenotypic and genetic characteristics of retinal vascular parameters and their association with diseases
Authors: Ortín Vela Sofía , Beyeler Michael J. , Trofimova Olga , Iuliani Ilaria , Vargas Quiros Jose D. , de Vries Victor A. , Meloni Ilenia , Elwakil Adham , Hoogewoud Florence , Liefers Bart , Presby David , Ramdas Wishal D. , Tomasoni Mattia , Schlingemann Reinier , Klaver Caroline C. W. , Bergmann Sven 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFundus images allow for non-invasive assessment of the retinal vasculature whose features provide important information on health. Using a fully automated image processing pipeline, we extract 17 different morphological vascular phenotypes, including median vessels diameter, diameter variability, main temporal angles, vascular density, central retinal equivalents, the number of bifurcations, and tortuosity, from over 130,000 fundus images of close to 72,000 UK Biobank subjects. We perform genome-wide association studies of these phenotypes. From this, we estimate their heritabilities, ranging between 5 and 25%, and genetic cross-phenotype correlations, which mostly mirror the corresponding phenotypic correlations, but tend to be slightly larger. Projecting our genetic association signals onto genes and pathways reveals remarkably low overlap suggesting largely decoupled mechanisms modulating the different phenotypes. We find that diameter variability, especially for the veins, associates with diseases including heart attack, pulmonary embolism, and age of death. Mendelian Randomization analysis suggests a causal influence of blood pressure and body mass index on retinal vessel morphology, among other results. We validate key findings in two independent smaller cohorts. Our analyses provide evidence that large-scale analysis of image-derived vascular phenotypes has sufficient power for obtaining functional and causal insights into the processes modulating the retinal vasculature.
Orangutans and chimpanzees produce morphologically varied laugh faces in response to the age and sex of their social partners
Authors: Crepaldi Fabio , Rocque Florence , Dezecache Guillaume , Proops Leanne , Davila-Ross Marina 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLaugh faces of humans play a key role in everyday social interactions as a pervasive tool of communication across contexts. Humans often vary the degree of mouth opening and teeth exposure when producing these facial expressions, which may depend on who their social partner is (e.g., their gender and age as well as their social relationship), serving this way different functions. Although it was found that laugh faces show evolutionary continuity across humans and non-human great apes according to the Principle of Maximum Parsimony, little is known about the function of laugh face variations from an evolutionary perspective. Hence, the present work examined the morphology of laugh faces in orangutan and chimpanzee dyadic play to test if they are modified with dependence on the playmate’s characteristics (sex, age and social relationship). In total, we analysed over 600 facial expressions of 14 orangutans and 17 chimpanzees by coding the specific muscle activations (Action Units, i.e. AUs) contributing to these expressions, using OrangFACS and ChimpFACS, respectively. Our results suggest that age difference and, to a lesser extent, playmate sex influence laugh face morphology in both taxa, but in opposite ways. While the orangutans of our study seem to expose their upper teeth (with AU10) and to pull the mouth corners (with AU12) more towards weaker partners (younger and female), possibly to communicate non-hostility, the chimpanzees showed both upper and lower teeth exposure (with AU10 and AU16) more often when interacting with the stronger partners (older individuals), possibly to communicate submissiveness. These findings suggest that the ability of humans to modify laugh faces with dependence on social partner characteristics has most likely evolved from pre-existing traits, going back at least to the last common ancestor of today’s great apes, including humans.
Microbial education plays a crucial role in harnessing the beneficial properties of microbiota for infectious disease protection in Crassostrea gigas
Authors: Dantan Luc , Carcassonne Prunelle , Degrémont Lionel , Morga Benjamin , Travers Marie-Agnès , Petton Bruno , Mege Mickael , Maurouard Elise , Allienne Jean-François , Courtay Gaëlle , Romatif Océane , Pouzadoux Juliette , Lami Raphaël , Intertaglia Laurent , Gueguen Yannick , Vidal-Dupiol Jeremie , Toulza Eve , Cosseau Céline 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe increase in marine diseases, particularly in economically important mollusks, is a growing concern. Among them, the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) production faces challenges from several diseases, such as the Pacific Oyster Mortality Syndrome (POMS) or vibriosis. The microbial education, which consists of exposing the host immune system to beneficial microorganisms during early life stages is a promising approach against diseases. This study explores the concept of microbial education using controlled and pathogen-free bacterial communities and assesses its protective effects against POMS and Vibrio aestuarianus infections, highlighting potential applications in oyster production. We demonstrate that it is possible to educate the oyster immune system by adding microorganisms during the larval stage. Adding culture based bacterial mixes to larvae protects only against the POMS disease while adding whole microbial communities from oyster donors protects against both POMS and vibriosis. The efficiency of immune protection depends both on oyster origin and on the composition of the bacterial mixes used for exposure. No preferential protection was observed when the oysters were stimulated with their sympatric strains. Furthermore, the added bacteria were not maintained into the oyster microbiota, but this bacterial addition induced long term changes in the microbiota composition and oyster immune gene expression. Our study reveals successful immune system education of oysters by introducing beneficial microorganisms during the larval stage. We improved the long-term resistance of oysters against critical diseases (POMS disease and Vibrio aestuarianus infections) highlighting the potential of microbial education in aquaculture.
Acute kidney injury in hematological patients treated with CAR-T cells: risk factors, clinical presentation and impact on outcomes
Authors: Russo Elisa , Gambella Massimiliano , Raiola Anna Maria , Beltrametti Elena , Zanetti Valentina , Chirco Giuseppe , Viazzi Francesca , Angelucci Emanuele , Esposito Pasquale 
Published: November 2024

AbstractChimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has revolutionized the treatment of hematologic malignancies, yet it carries significant risks, including acute kidney injury (AKI). In this study, we investigated the risk factors and clinical impact of AKI in patients undergoing CAR-T cell therapy. This retrospective study involved hematologic patients treated with CAR-T therapy. Clinical and laboratory data were collected, and clinical outcomes were monitored during follow-up after CAR-T infusion. AKI was defined according to KDIGO criteria. The outcome measures included early mortality, overall survival (OS), and disease-free survival (DFS). Among the 48 patients analyzed, 14 (29%) developed AKI, with a mean onset of 6 days after CAR-T infusion. The risk of AKI was associated with baseline performance status (OR 8.65, IC95% 6.2–12, p = 0.032) and the development of severe cytokine release syndrome post-therapy (OR 16.4 95%CI 1.9-138.5, p = 0.01). Patients with AKI more frequently required intensive care. Furthermore, severe AKI was independently associated with worse clinical outcomes, including reduced OS and DFS (HR 18.2, 95%CI 2.6–27.3, p = 0.003). Additionally, patients who developed AKI post-CAR-T therapy were more likely to progress to chronic kidney disease during follow-up. In conclusion, frail patients undergoing CAR-T therapy are at an increased risk of developing AKI, which can significantly affect both short- and long-term outcomes. Preventive strategies and early recognition of AKI are essential in these patients.
Inhibiting ADAM17 enhances the efficacy of olaparib in ovarian cancer spheroids
Authors: Rogmans Christoph , Dittrich Jan , Hamm Emily , Weimer Jörg Paul , Holthaus David , Arnold Norbert , Flörkemeier Inken , Maass Nicolai , Jansen Peer , Dempfle Astrid , Bauerschlag Dirk O. , Hedemann Nina 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAcquired or de novo resistance to poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) is a major challenge to ovarian cancer treatment. Therefore, strategies to overcome PARPi resistance are critical to improve prognosis. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether inhibition of ADAM17 sensitizes ovarian cancer to treatment with olaparib, a PARPi, thereby bypassing resistance mechanisms and improving treatment response. Thus, we analyzed the effect of olaparib in combination with the ADAM17 inhibitor GW280264X in ovarian cancer using a 2D monolayer and a 3D spheroid model followed by a multicontent readout (viability, caspase activation and cytotoxicity). To emphasize the translational aspect of our work, we performed corresponding experiments on primary cells derived from ovarian cancer patients initially screened for their mutation status of the breast cancer gene (BRCA 1/2). In 2D, we observed a significant reduction in cell viability and a subsequent increase in apoptosis of the combined treatment (olaparib + GW280264X) compared with olaparib mono-treatment. The combined treatment allows a substantial dose reduction of olaparib rendering a strong synergistic effect. Using a 3D spheroid model from primary cells, we confirmed the 2D monoculture results and demonstrated not only increased caspase activity under the combined treatment but also a substantial gain in cytotoxicity compared to the mono-treatment. Our study proposes ADAM17 inhibition sensitizing ovarian cancer to olaparib treatment and improving treatment response.