bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Findings in Patients With Macropsia
Authors: Jeon Sohee , Jung Byungju , Lee Won Ki 
Published: September 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the retinal morphologic characteristics of patients with macropsia caused by epiretinal membrane (ERM) based on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
A cross-sectional, non-interventional study was performed to compare the characteristics of retinal structures in eyes with ERM according to the presence or absence of macropsia. Twenty-six patients with ERM and macropsia were defined as the macropsia group and 26 age-matched patients with ERM without macropsia were the control group. All participants underwent a full ophthalmologic examination and SD-OCT examination. Macropsia was diagnosed and quantified using a double dot chart. The thickness of retinal layers, including the outer nuclear layer (ONL) and inner segment / outer segment / retinal pigment epithelium (IS/OS/RPE) at the central fovea, were measured by electronic calipers of the SD-OCT system. The interocular ratio of each parameter was calculated for each patient and compared between the two groups. The integrity of the external limiting membrane (ELM), IS/OS junction, and cone outer segment tips (COST) line were evaluated.

RESULTS:

The thickness of the IS/OS/RPE differed significantly between both eyes in the macropsia group (
P
< .001), whereas the control group was not significantly different (
P
= .161). The ONL in the diseased eye was significantly thicker in the macropsia group than in the control group (
P
= .020), whereas these two groups did not differ significantly in the thickness of ONL in the control eye (
P
= .860). More patients had a disrupted COST line in the macropsia group (
P
< .001 for macropsia group,
P
= .252 for control group). No eye showed disrupted ELM and IS/OS junction, regardless of the presence of macropsia.

CONCLUSIONS:
Eyes with macropsia showed thicker foveal ONL, IS/OS/RPE, and more frequently disrupted COST lines. This may indicate that the contractile strength of ERM can lead to centralization of photoreceptor cells.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2018;49:656–663.]
Secondary Ocular Hypertension and the Risk of Glaucoma Surgery After Dexamethasone Intravitreal Implant in Routine Clinical Practice
Authors: Hemarat Kornwipa , Kemmer Jacquelyn D. , Porco Travis C. , Eaton Alexander M. , Khurana Rahul N. , Stewart Jay M. 
Published: September 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
To determine the rate of ocular hypertension (OHT) after dexamethasone intravitreal implant in routine clinical practice and identify patient characteristics associated with a risk for glaucoma surgery.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
The charts of 260 eyes from 221 patients with diabetic macular edema, retinal vein occlusion, uveitis, and macular edema secondary to various causes treated with one or more dexamethasone implants were reviewed. Intraocular pressure (IOP), medications, and glaucoma interventions were collected before and after implantation.

RESULTS:

The mean baseline IOP was 14.3 mm Hg ± 3.6 mm Hg, and after receiving dexamethasone implant(s), 26.2% and 7.7% of patients had IOP greater than 25 mm Hg and 35 mm Hg, respectively. There was evidence (
P
< .001) of an association between preexisting glaucoma or glaucoma suspect status (103 eyes) and need for glaucoma surgery, and 4.62% (12 eyes) required glaucoma surgery.

CONCLUSIONS:
Secondary OHT induced by the dexamethasone implant can usually be controlled by medications, but the incidence of OHT requiring glaucoma surgery was high (4.62%) in our study relative to rates previously reported in the literature. All patients, especially those with preexisting glaucoma, should be advised of the possible need for glaucoma surgery prior to undergoing treatment with the dexamethasone implant.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2018;49:680–685.]
Suprachoroidal Space Alterations Following Delivery of Triamcinolone Acetonide: Post-Hoc Analysis of the Phase 1/2 HULK Study of Patients With Diabetic Macular Edema
Authors: Lampen Shaun I. R. , Khurana Rahul N. , Noronha Glenn , Brown David M. , Wykoff Charles C. 
Published: September 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To study anatomic changes in the suprachoroidal space (SCS) following suprachoroidal injection of CLS-TA, triamcinolone acetonide injectable suspension.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Eyes with diabetic macular edema receiving CLS-TA were imaged serially using anterior segment spectral-domain optical coherence tomography to examine the SCS.

RESULTS:

At the final imaging session, the SCS was not significantly different in study eyes (n = 14; 8.4 μm) compared to fellow eyes (n = 10; 8.1 μm;
P
= .698). Two eyes were imaged immediately before and 30 minutes after suprachoroidal injections; in these eyes, mean suprachoroidal width increased significantly following CLS-TA injection, 9.9 μm to 75.1 μm (
P
< .001), and subsequently returned to 14.9 μm 1 month after the final injection (
P
= .221).

CONCLUSION:
Suprachoroidal CLS-TA injection caused a measurable increase in the SCS, which returned to preinjection levels by 1 month following injection with no apparent lasting impact on SCS anatomy.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2018;49:692–697.]
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Findings in X-Linked Retinoschisis
Authors: Mastropasqua Rodolfo , Toto Lisa , Di Antonio Luca , Parodi Maurizio Battaglia , Sorino Luca , Antonucci Ivana , Stuppia Liborio , Di Nicola Marta , Mariotti Cesare 
Published: September 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

The aim of the study was to determine optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) findings and to identify mutations in the
RS1
gene in a three-generation family with X-linked juvenile retinoschisis (XLRS).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Clinical and genetic assessments were performed in 12 family members. OCTA was performed at baseline (12 members including cases and carriers) and after acetazolamide administration (three cases). Twenty healthy subjects (20 eyes, controls) were chosen for comparison. Molecular genetic analysis of the
RS1
gene was performed in all family members.

RESULTS:

Deep capillary plexus density was reduced in cases compared with controls (
P
< .01) and was negatively related with retinal thickness (
P
< .05). After treatment, retinal thickness decreased (
P
< .05) and deep capillary plexus density increased (
P
< .05) in cases. In three cases and in four carriers, p.Arg197 His mutation was found.

CONCLUSION:
OCTA shows reduced macular deep vessel density in patients with XLRS probably related to vessel displacement and disruption due to schitic cysts.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2018;49:e20–e31.]
The Correlation of Pars Plana Incision and Transient Hypotony After Silicone Oil Removal
Authors: Zhang Xian , Chen Bo , Yang Huajing , Song Yinwei , Zhang Di , Soetikno Brian T. , Sun Xufang 
Published: September 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the correlation between pars plana incision and transient hypotony after silicone oil removal in aphakic eyes

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Twenty-two patients with aphakia and a high degree of myopia with silicone oil tamponade were recruited for this prospective study and randomly scheduled to two groups for silicone oil removal: 3.5-mm corneal incision with suture corneal or 20-gauge pars plana incision with suture. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured and fundus and anterior structure were examined preoperatively on the first, third, and seventh postoperative day and at 1 month after surgery.

RESULTS:
IOPs in the pars plana group were significantly lower than the corneal group on the first and third day after surgery (P < .001). Nine of the 11 patients in the pars plana group suffered ciliary detachment accompanied by hypotony (IOP < 8 mm Hg), among whom three patients exhibited excessive hypotony (IOP < 5 mm Hg), whereas the ciliary bodies remained tightly attached and IOP was normal in the corneal group. Among these nine patients, six eyes were observed to have multiple silicone oil granules in the supraciliary cavity, three exhibited gaps of pars plana below the scleral incision site, and two had vitreous hemorrhage. Hypotony spontaneously relieved at the seventh postoperative day for all patients.

CONCLUSION:
Pars plana incision is the crucial cause of ciliary detachment and consequent transient hypotony after silicone oil removal. Using corneal limbus incision in patients with aphakic eyes to avoid the par plana incision is expected to reduce the incidence of hypotony with minimal complications.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2018;49:e44–e51.]
Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Cell–Derived miRNA-150-5p–Expressing Exosomes in Rheumatoid Arthritis Mediated by the Modulation of MMP14 and VEGF
Authors: Chen Zhe , Wang Hanqi , Xia Yang , Yan Fuhua , Lu Yong 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by synovial tissue inflammation and joint destruction associated with the activation of angiogenesis. Exosomes, which play a role in cell-to-cell communication as carriers of genetic information, transfer microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) between cells and have been studied as delivery vehicles for therapeutic molecules. The aim of the current study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)–derived miR-150-5p exosomes on joint destruction in RA. The expression and secretion of miR-150-5p, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 14, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in RA patients and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) were examined by quantitative RT-PCR, ELISA, and Western blotting. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess angiogenesis. MSCs were transfected with an miR-150-5p expression plasmid, and MSC-derived exosomes were harvested. The effect of MSC-derived miR-150-5p exosomes (Exo-150) on MMP14 and VEGF expression was examined. The effects of Exo-150 on cell migration and invasion in cytokine-stimulated FLS from RA patients were examined by HUVEC tube formation and transwell assays. The effect of Exo-150 in vivo was examined in a collagen-induced arthritis mouse model. Exo-150 decreased migration and invasion in RA FLS and downregulated tube formation in HUVECs by targeting MMP14 and VEGF. Injection of Exo-150 reduced hind paw thickness and the clinical arthritic scores in collagen-induced arthritis mice. Exo-150 reduced joint destruction by inhibiting synoviocyte hyperplasia and angiogenesis. Exosomes facilitate the direct intracellular transfer of miRNAs between cells and represent a potential therapeutic strategy for RA.
Evaluation of impacts of future climate change and water use scenarios on regional hydrology
Authors: Chang Seungwoo , Graham Wendy , Geurink Jeffrey , Wanakule Nisai , Asefa Tirusew 
Published: September 2018

Abstract. General circulation models (GCMs) have been widely used to simulate current
and future climate at the global scale. However, the development of
frameworks to apply GCMs to assess potential climate change impacts on
regional hydrologic systems, ability to meet future water demand, and
compliance with water resource regulations is more recent. In this study
eight GCMs were bias-corrected and downscaled using the bias correction and
stochastic analog (BCSA) downscaling method and then used, together with
three ET0 methods and eight different water use scenarios, to drive an
integrated hydrologic model previously developed for the Tampa Bay region in
western central Florida. Variance-based sensitivity analysis showed that
changes in projected streamflow were very sensitive to GCM selection, but
relatively insensitive to ET0 method or water use scenario. Changes in
projections of groundwater level were sensitive to both GCM and water use
scenario, but relatively insensitive to ET0 method. Five of eight GCMs
projected a decrease in streamflow and groundwater availability in the future
regardless of water use scenario or ET method. For the business as usual
water use scenario all eight GCMs indicated that, even with active water
conservation programs, increases in public water demand projected for 2045
could not be met from ground and surface water supplies while achieving
current groundwater level and surface water flow regulations. With adoption
of 40 % wastewater reuse for public supply and active conservation four
of the eight GCMs indicate that 2045 public water demand could be met while
achieving current environmental regulations; however, drier climates would
require a switch from groundwater to surface water use. These results
indicate a high probability of a reduction in future freshwater supply in the
Tampa Bay region if environmental regulations intended to protect current
aquatic ecosystems do not adapt to the changing climate. Broad interpretation
of the results of this study may be limited by the fact that all future water
use scenarios assumed that increases in water demand would be the result of
intensification of water use on existing agricultural, industrial, and urban
lands. Future work should evaluate the impacts of a range of potential land
use change scenarios, with associated water use change projections, over a
larger number of GCMs.
Review article: Climate change impacts on dam safety
Authors: Fluixá-Sanmartín Javier , Altarejos-García Luis , Morales-Torres Adrián , Escuder-Bueno Ignacio 
Published: September 2018

Abstract. Dams as well as protective dikes and levees are critical
infrastructures whose associated risk must be properly managed in a
continuous and updated process. Usually, dam safety management has been
carried out assuming stationary climatic and non-climatic conditions.
However, the projected alterations due to climate change are likely to affect
different factors driving dam risk. Although some reference institutions
develop guidance for including climate change in their decision support
strategies, related information is still vast and scattered and its
application to specific analyses such as dam safety assessments remains a
challenge. This article presents a comprehensive and multidisciplinary review of the
impacts of climate change that could affect dam safety. The global effect
can be assessed through the integration of the various projected effects
acting on each aspect of the risk, from the input hydrology to the
calculation of the consequences of the flood wave on population and assets at
risk. This will provide useful information for dam owners and dam safety
practitioners in their decision-making process.
Incorporation of Cervista Human Papillomavirus 16/18 Assay Into Algorithms for Classifying Human Papillomavirus Status in Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Head and Neck Squamous Carcinoma Specimens
Authors: Guo Ming , Khanna Abha , Wang Jianping , Williams Michelle D. , Kalhor Neda , Gong Yun , Xu Li , Sturgis Erich M. , Staerkel Gregg 
Published: September 2018

Context.—
Human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in situ hybridization (ISH) assay and p16 immunohistochemistry (IHC) are used to determine high-risk HPV status in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Although high sensitivity and specificity for HPV can be obtained by combined p16 IHC and HPV DNA ISH, the occasional discrepancy between these assays has prompted evaluation of Cervista HPV assays in FFPE tissue from patients with oropharyngeal SCC.

Objective.—
To compare the efficacy of Cervista HPV 16/18 and Cervista HPV HR assay to that of HPV DNA ISH assay and p16 IHC in FFPE tissue in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma of oropharyngeal origin.

Design.—
Archived FFPE tissue from 84 patients with SCC of oropharyngeal origin and available HPV DNA ISH and p16 IHC test results were tested with the Cervista HPV 16/18 assay and further verified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)–based HPV16/18 genotyping tests in cases with discrepancy.

Results.—
Of the 84 specimens, 75% (63 of 84) were positive and 16% (13 of 84) had discrepant or equivocal findings by p16 IHC and HPV DNA ISH testing. Use of Cervista HPV assays, either to clarify discrepant/equivocal findings or as confirmation after initial p16 IHC/HPV DNA ISH tests, identified 81% (68 of 84) of HPV-positive cases without equivocal HPV results. Five of 13 cases with discrepancy or equivocal HPV DNA ISH results tested positive for HPV16 or HPV18 by Cervista HPV 16/18 assay, which was further confirmed by PCR-based HPV 16/18 genotyping.

Conclusions.—
The Cervista HPV assays are a reasonable alternative to HPV DNA ISH in determining HPV status in FFPE tissue specimens from patients with oropharyngeal SCC.
20 GB in 10 minutes: a case for linking major biodiversity databases using an open socio-technical infrastructure and a pragmatic, cross-institutional collaboration
Authors: Thessen Anne E. , Poelen Jorrit H. , Collins Matthew , Hammock Jen 
Published: September 2018

Biodiversity information is made available through numerous databases that each have their own data models, web services, and data types. Combining data across databases leads to new insights, but is not easy because each database uses its own system of identifiers. In the absence of stable and interoperable identifiers, databases are often linked using taxonomic names. This labor intensive, error prone, and lengthy process relies on accessible versions of nomenclatural authorities and fuzzy-matching algorithms. To approach the challenge of linking diverse data, more than technology is needed. New social collaborations like the Global Unified Open Data Architecture (GUODA) that combines skills from diverse groups of computer engineers from iDigBio, server resources from the Advanced Computing and Information Systems (ACIS) Lab, global-scale data presentation from EOL, and independent developers and researchers are what is needed to make concrete progress on finding relationships between biodiversity datasets. This paper will discuss a technical solution developed by the GUODA collaboration for faster linking across databases with a use case linking Wikidata and the Global Biotic Interactions database (GloBI). The GUODA infrastructure is a 12-node, high performance computing cluster made up of about 192 threads with 12 TB of storage and 288 GB memory. Using GUODA, 20 GB of compressed JSON from Wikidata was processed and linked to GloBI in about 10–11 min. Instead of comparing name strings or relying on a single identifier, Wikidata and GloBI were linked by comparing graphs of biodiversity identifiers external to each system. This method resulted in adding 119,957 Wikidata links in GloBI, an increase of 13.7% of all outgoing name links in GloBI. Wikidata and GloBI were compared to Open Tree of Life Reference Taxonomy to examine consistency and coverage. The process of parsing Wikidata, Open Tree of Life Reference Taxonomy and GloBI archives and calculating consistency metrics was done in minutes on the GUODA platform. As a model collaboration, GUODA has the potential to revolutionize biodiversity science by bringing diverse technically minded people together with high performance computing resources that are accessible from a laptop or desktop. However, participating in such a collaboration still requires basic programming skills.
Heterogeneity in association of remote herpesvirus infections and pediatric MS
Authors: Nourbakhsh Bardia , Rutatangwa Alice , Waltz Michael , Rensel Mary , Moodley Manikum , Graves Jennifer , Casper Theron Charles , Waldman Amy , Belman Anita , Greenberg Benjamin , Goyal Manu , Harris Yolanda , Kahn Ilana , Lotze Timothy , Mar Soe , Schreiner Teri , Aaen Gregory , Hart Janace , Ness Jayne , Rubin Jennifer , Tillema Jan‐Mendelt , Krupp Lauren , Gorman Mark , Benson Leslie , Rodriguez Moses , Chitnis Tanuja , Rose John , Candee Meghan , Weinstock‐Guttman Bianca , Shao Xiaorong , Barcellos Lisa , James Judith , Waubant Emmanuelle ,   On behalf of the US Network of Pediatric MS Centers
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveWhile prior Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection has been consistently associated with subsequent risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS), the association with other common herpesviruses has been more controversial. Our objectives were to determine whether remote infection with EBV and other common herpesviruses affect the susceptibility to pediatric MS and if there are interactions between genetic and demographic factors and viral infections.MethodsCases with pediatric‐onset MS or clinically isolated syndrome within 4 years of disease onset, and controls were recruited from 16 American pediatric MS centers. Logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders assessed the association between case status and serological evidence for past infection with EBV, cytomegalovirus (CMV), Herpes Simplex viruses‐1 (HSV‐1) and ‐2. We determined the heterogeneity of the effect of viral infection on the risk of having MS according to race, ethnicity and HLA‐DRB1:1501 status.ResultsA total of 356 pediatric cases and 493 controls were recruited. In multivariable models, EBV‐viral capsid antigen (VCA) seropositivity was associated with increased odds of having MS by 7.4 times (95% CI: 4.5–12.0, P < 0.001). Seropositivity for HSV‐1 was also associated with increased odds of having MS (OR 1.54, 95% CI: 1.06–2.25, P = 0.025) but this increase was seen only in Whites (OR = 2.18, 95% CI 1.35–3.52, P < 0.001) and those negative for HLA‐DRB1*1501 (OR = 1.89, 95% CI 1.17–3.03, P = 0.009). The effect of remote EBV infection on the risk of pediatric MS depended on race and HLA‐DRB1*15:01 status.InterpretationEBV seropositivity is strongly associated with pediatric MS, as is HSV‐1 seropositivity in subjects negative for HLA‐DRB1*15:01. Our report of interactions between select viral exposures, and age, race and DRB1 status suggests a complex effect of environmental and genetic risk factors on MS development.
Biopsy‐Proven Small‐Fiber Neuropathy in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: Neuropathic Pain Characteristics, Autoantibody Findings, and Histopathologic Features
Authors: Birnbaum Julius , Lalji Aliya , Saed Aveen , Baer Alan N. 
Published: September 2018

ObjectivePainful small‐fiber neuropathies (SFNs) in primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) may present as pure or mixed with concurrent large‐fiber involvement. SFN can be diagnosed by punch skin biopsy results that identify decreased intra‐epidermal nerve‐fiber density (IENFD) of unmyelinated nerves.MethodsWe compared 23 consecutively evaluated patients with SS with pure and mixed SFN versus 98 patients without SFN. We distinguished between markers of dorsal root ganglia (DRG) degeneration (decreased IENFD in the proximal thigh versus the distal leg) versus axonal degeneration (decreased IENFD in the distal leg versus the proximal thigh).ResultsThere were no differences in pain intensity, pain quality, and treatment characteristics in the comparison of 13 patients with pure SFN versus 10 patients with mixed SFN. Ten patients with SFN (approximately 45%) had neuropathic pain preceding sicca symptoms. Opioid analgesics were prescribed to approximately 45% of patients with SFN. When compared to 98 patients without SFN, the 23 patients with SFN had an increased frequency of male sex (30% versus 9%; P < 0.01), a decreased frequency of anti–Ro 52 (P = 0.01) and anti–Ro 60 antibodies (P = 0.01), rheumatoid factor positivity (P < 0.01), and polyclonal gammopathy (P < 0.01). Eleven patients had stocking‐and‐glove pain, and 12 patients had nonstocking‐and‐glove pain. Skin biopsy results disclosed patterns of axonal (16 patients) and DRG injury (7 patients).ConclusionSS SFN had an increased frequency among male patients, a decreased frequency of multiple antibodies, frequent treatment with opioid analgesics, and the presence of nonstocking‐and‐glove pain. Distinguishing between DRG versus axonal injury is significant, especially given that mechanisms targeting the DRG may result in irreversible neuronal cell death. Altogether, these findings highlight clinical, autoantibody, and pathologic features that can help to define mechanisms and treatment strategies.