bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Apoptosis induction on human breast cancer T47D cell line by extracts of Ancorina sp.
Authors: Tunjung Woro Anindito Sri , Sayekti Puspa Restu 
Published: April 2019

Background:Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death in women. Alternative medicine with high efficacy is needed for breast cancer treatments, for example induction of apoptosis using natural products. It has been found that many natural apoptosis-inducing compounds are isolated from marine sponge. The objective of this study is to analyze the ability of extracts of the spongeAncorinasp. to induce apoptosis on human breast cancer T47D cell line and find out its mechanism.Methods:T47D cells were treated with crude extracts of methanol, dichloromethane:methanol (1:1) and dichloromethaneAncorinasp. for 24 h, and doxorubicin was used as a positive control. Methods used for this study were MTT assay to examine cell viability and determine IC50of the three extracts, while the percentage of apoptosis and caspase-3 were investigated by flow cytometry.Results:IC50values of methanol, dichloromethane:methanol (1:1), and dichloromethane extract were 84.25, 121.45, and 99.85μg/mL respectively. The percentages of apoptotic cells after treatment with methanol, dichloromethane:methanol (1:1), and dichloromethane extracts were 88.68, 27.54 and 53.63% respectively, whereas the percentage of caspase-3 was 77.87, 12.66 and 12.97%, respectively.Conclusions:These results revealed that all extracts ofAncorinasp. have strong or moderate cytotoxicity and have the ability to induce apoptosis on T47D human breast cancer cell line. However, methanol crude extract has high efficacy to induce apoptosis through caspase-3 activation compared to the other extracts. Hence methanol extract warrants further investigation as a natural medicine for human breast cancer.
Towards an off-grid fecal sludge treatment unit: demonstrating energy positive thermal treatment
Authors: Myers Taylor , Schoebitz Lars , Woolley Stuart , Sanchez Ferragut Jaime , Thostenson Jimmy , Jooss Kathy , Piascik Jeffery , Frechette August , Hotz Nico , Stoner Brian R. , Hallowell Jeffery 
Published: April 2019

Background: There is an unmet demand for community-scale fecal sludge treatment units (FSTUs) that serve communities of between 1,000 and 50,000 people and are able to operate in non-sewered and off-grid environments. An emerging industry standard for FSTUs includes as a key criteria energy independence in steady-state. Theoretically, there is sufficient thermal energy available in fecal sludge to provide the electrical power needed to run the FSTU. However, such a system had never been implemented.Methods: Biomass Controls has previously demonstrated the thermal treatment of fecal sludge using the Biogenic Refinery, a thermal FSTU deployed in three sites in India. In this article we describe testing where a Biogenic Refinery was paired with a thermal fluid heat exchanger and organic Rankine cycle generator to generate electrical power.Results: This Biogenic Refinery combined heat and power system generated sufficient electrical power to offset electrical parasitic loads in steady-state operation and produce a surplus of 1.2 kWe.Conclusions: The results of the study demonstrate that there is an excess of energy available and reliable mechanisms to generate electrical energy using an FSTU. Additional steps are necessary to transition to a true off-grid FSTU.
India Research Management Initiative (IRMI) – an initiative for building research capacity in India
Authors: Ayyar Savita , Jameel Shahid 
Published: April 2019

Research and innovation are growing in India with significant investments being made towards institutions, researchers and research infrastructure. Although still under 1% of GDP, funding for science and technology in India has increased each year for over two decades. There is also increasing realization that public funding for research should be supplemented with that from industry and philanthropy. Like their counterparts worldwide, Indian researchers require access to professional research management support at their institutions to fully leverage emerging scientific opportunities and collaborations. However, there are currently significant gaps in the research management support available to these researchers and this has implications for research in India. The India Research Management Initiative (IRMI) was launched by the Wellcome Trust/DBT (Department of Biotechnology, Government of India) India Alliance (hereafter India Alliance) in February 2018 to narrow these gaps. A 12-month pilot phase has enabled conversations across multiple stakeholders. In this Open Letter, we share some insights from the IRMI pilot phase, which could aid systemic development and scaling up of research management as a professional support service across India. We anticipate these will stimulate dialogue and guide future policy and interventions towards building robust research and innovation ecosystems in India.
Manipulative Leadership and The Effect towards Its Subordinate as Portrayed in Orson Scott Card’s Novel
Authors: Delani Sharavina 
Published: April 2019

Literary works, such as novel, usually comes from the writer’s feeling; it could be the feeling of love, frustrations, angers, satisfactions, disappointments, satire, and many other feelings towards an individual, social, organizations, even the government. A novel could also be some kind of warning towards the readers so that they could be cautious if there are any similar events happen in their real life. The main objective of this research explains the American manipulative leadership and the American cultural values seen in Ender’s Game and to analyze the effect of American Manipulative Leadership towards its Subordinate shows by Ender’s Game. The researcher uses the qualitative method to analyze the primary data and the supporting data using content analysis to interpret the images, symbols, and words. This undergraduate thesis concludes two major points. Firstly, American manipulative leadership uses two values; which are risk-taking and the future, change, and progress and forgotten two other values, directness/openness/honesty and freedom of American Cultural values. Secondly, American manipulative leaderships also affect the subordinate psychological condition. And novel can also be called as a popular culture due to its enormous achievement and its consumption by the mass.
Hepatitis A and B: updates for general practice nurses
Authors: Brewer Catherine 
Published: April 2019

While they are both vaccine preventable, hepatitis A and B both remain prevalent diseases across the globe. Catherine Brewer explores the significance of informing travellers of the infection risks and provides useful knowledge for practice nurses providing travel advice The term hepatitis means inflammation of the liver and the most prevalent types are A and B. These are also the serotypes more relevant to travel medicine. Hepatitis A is contracted via the faecal–oral route, often in contaminated food and water. It is predominantly found in countries with poor sanitation, but outbreaks can occur in the UK. Travellers need to be assessed to see if their destination and the nature of their travels will put them at risk. If this is the case, health advice and the vaccine should be offered. Hepatitis B is contracted via blood and body fluids and has a vast global health impact. Many individuals who contract this disease in early life will go onto be chronic carriers and have long-term complications. The UK is a low-risk country and most travellers going to high-risk areas will remain low risk. However, health professionals need to assess individual travellers and their itineraries to identify those at an increased risk. Advice must be given and the vaccine should be administered if appropriate, and both of these conditions can impact travellers as well as the wider public. Professionals must understand the diseases, risks, management strategies, guidelines and vaccine schedules to provide the optimum care to their patients.
Prescribing for patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Nazarko Linda 
Published: April 2019

Linda Nazarko provides best practice knowledge for managing, treating and prescribing for patients with inflammatory bowel disease Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the gastrointestinal tract. People with IBD normally present in primary care and may have non-specific symptoms. Diagnosis may be delayed and this can have an impact on response to treatment. This article aims to enable prescribers to be aware of the clinical features, investigations and management of IBD.
Differential expression of microRNAs during root formation in Taxus chinensis var. mairei cultivars
Authors: Fei Yongjun , Luo Caroline , Tang Wei 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to play key roles in the regulation of plant growth and development by modifying the expression of their target genes. However, the influence of miRNAs on root formation and development in woody plants, such as Taxus chinensis, remains largely unknown. In the current study, we explored the phytohormone-response and nutrition-response miRNA expression profiles during T. chinensis rooting by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). We identified six phytohormone-response miRNAs, namely, miR164a, miR165, miR167a, miR171b, miR319, and miR391, and eight nutrition-response miRNAs, namely, miR169b, miR395a, miR399c, miR408, miR826, miR827, miR857, and miR2111a, that were differentially expressed at different rooting phases of T. chinensis. Using northern blot analysis of the putative target genes of these miRNAs, we detected the relative gene expression changes of the target genes. Taken together, our results suggest that miRNAs are involved in root formation of T. chinensis and that miRNAs may play important regulatory roles in primary root, crown root, and root hair formation by targeting phytohormone and/or nutrition response genes in T. chinensis. For the first time, these results expand our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of plant root formation and development in a conifer species.
A self adaptive inertial subgradient extragradient algorithm for variational inequality and common fixed point of multivalued mappings in Hilbert spaces
Authors: Jolaoso Lateef Olakunle , Taiwo Adeolu , Alakoya Timilehin Opeyemi , Mewomo Oluwatosin Temitope 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
We consider a new subgradient extragradient iterative algorithm with inertial extrapolation for approximating a common solution of variational inequality problems and fixed point problems of a multivalued demicontractive mapping in a real Hilbert space. We established a strong convergence theorem for our proposed algorithm under some suitable conditions and without prior knowledge of the Lipschitz constant of the underlying operator. We present numerical examples to show that our proposed algorithm performs better than some recent existing algorithms in the literature.
Flucht hinter den „Osmanischen Vorhang“. Glaubensflüchtlinge in Siebenbürgen
Authors: Wien Ulrich A. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The article deals with several periods and phenomena of migration to Transylvania behind the “Ottoman curtain” and its impacts between the first half of the sixteenth to the midst of the eighteenth century. In the fifteenth and sixteenth century the mental, political and confessional diverted or inhomogeneous frame conditions preordained the region as an area which was open minded for heterogeneous thinking, experiments and individuals or groups. Especially the dominance of the Ottoman Empire in the Balkans enabled adopting the reformation without Habsburg renitancy as a laboratory for religious heterogeneity. First, we notice that the later Reformer of Braşov (Johannes Honterus) imported the German Reformation to Transylvania after the end of his political exile in several centres of Reformation. After an expulsion order by the Habsburg King Ferdinand I, the Wittenberg minded reformer Paulus Wiener from Ljubljana (Slovenia) settled in Sibiu and became in 1553 the first superintendent and fortified the reform. Italian deviant preachers travelled through the realm of Queen Isabella Jagiellonica and King/Prince János II Zsigmond Szápolyai. After expulsion from Poland because of antitrinitarian ideas, the court physician Giorgio Biandrata tried to establish an open-minded protestant country. Freedom of preaching the gospel without hierarchical control – perhaps the aim of a Unitarian established regional church in the Principality – opened the border for antitrinitarian thinkers who had flown from Heidelberg, Italy and other parts of Europe. In the seventeenth century – in the 30 years’ war – the Calvinist Gábor Bethlen founded an ambitious university Academy in Alba Iulia and offered resort to Calvinist professors of central Europe. At the same time (1622), the Diet of Transylvania provided refuge to Hutterites (handcrafters called Habaner) from Moravia to settle in Transylvania – interdicting mission. Their Anabaptist behaviour attracted 130 years later some of the “Transmigrants” who were expelled by the counterreformation minded Charles VI and Maria Theresia from Austrian, Styria and Carinthian underground Protestants. About 3000 persons were exact relocated to the “heretic corner” of the conquered province of Transylvania – the former Ottoman vassal – where the Habsburgs had to respect the Basic Constitutional Law (by the Diploma Leopoldinum) including religious freedom of 1595. The religiones receptae were Roman-catholic, Lutheran, Calvinist and Unitarian, but also the “tolerated” Rumanian-orthodox churches.
There has to be some research to the question of Ottoman-Christian interplay, motives and strategies of the heteronomy of the estates and the problem whether the non-absolutistic governance and policy was an advantage.
Simulation of Optical ISL with 48 Transponders and Performance Analysis Using Ber and Q-Factor
Authors: Bhargav Avireni , Saini Jitendra Kumar 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
In the present day world, the satellite technology is recording high growth rate on day to day basis through which the part played by optical wireless communication via satellite has been found to be playing an important role. The system has been evaluated by means of two methods. The first one being the communication system using 48 transponders in the satellite by means of Optisystem 15.2 software. The second one attributes to the concept of Satellite to Satellite Optical Wireless Communication (SSOWC) wherein 48 transponders are used by means of Optisystem 15.2 software. In this, the factors realized are Q-factor, bit error rate, effective noise band width and noise power. These factors were verified and analyzed to make use of satellite optical wireless communication of the respective transponder performance.
Optimal Algorithms for Computing Average Temperatures
Authors: Foucart S. , Hielsberg M. , Mullendore G. L. , Petrova G. , Wojtaszczyk P. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA numerical algorithm is presented for computing average global temperature (or other quantities of interest such as average precipitation) from measurements taken at speci_ed locations and times. The algorithm is proven to be in a certain sense optimal. The analysis of the optimal algorithm provides a sharp a priori bound on the error between the computed value and the true average global temperature. This a priori bound involves a computable compatibility constant which assesses the quality of the measurements for the chosen model. The optimal algorithm is constructed by solving a convex minimization problem and involves a set of functions selected a priori in relation to the model. It is shown that the solution promotes sparsity and hence utilizes a smaller number of well-chosen data sites than those provided. The algorithm is then applied to canonical data sets and mathematically generic models for the computation of average temperature and average precipitation over given regions and given time intervals. A comparison is provided between the proposed algorithms and existing methods.
Analysis of the factors affecting the prognosis of glioma patients
Authors: Wang Jiancun , Hu Guancheng , Quan Xingyun 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This retrospective study was carried out to investigate factors affecting the prognosis of gliomas for better management of treatment. Clinical data from 186 glioma patients treated in our hospital from January 2013 to June 2016 were analyzed. There was slightly more male than female patients in the cohort. The main clinical symptoms included sudden limb twitching, headache and fatigue, vomiting, vision reduction and speaking disorders. The malignancy was high and the prognosis was poor in the patients, with an overall survival rate of 54.84 % by October 2017. Univariate analysis showed that the prognosis was mainly affected by age, tumor grade, preoperative Karnofsky performance status (KPS), surgical method, postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and postoperative use of temozolomide (TMZ). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the independent risk factors for the prognosis were old age (≥ 60), advanced tumor, partial tumor resection, KPS of < 70, no chemotherapy after operation and < 4 courses of postoperative TMZ. The prognosis is negatively affected by age, tumor grade, KPS, and partial tumor resection. Surgical resection combined with chemotherapy and multi-course use of TMZ prolongs the survival time of patients.
A model for ordinal responses with heterogeneous status quo outcomes
Authors: Sirchenko Andrei 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The decisions to reduce, leave unchanged, or increase a choice variable (such as policy interest rates) are often characterized by abundant status quo outcomes that can be generated by different processes. The decreases and increases may also be driven by distinct decision-making paths. Neither conventional nor zero-inflated models for ordinal responses adequately address these issues. This paper develops a flexible endogenously switching model with three latent regimes, which create separate processes for interest rate hikes and cuts and overlap at a no-change outcome, generating three different types of status quo decisions. The model is not only favored by statistical tests but also produces economically more meaningful inference with respect to the existing models, which deliver biased estimates in the simulations.
Authentication Mechanism as a Service through a Secured Biometric System in a Cloud Computing Environment
Authors: Sevugan Prabu , Ganapathy Gopinath 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The utilization of biological properties for individual identification, called biometric systems, in cell phones is an undemanding and secure way to deal with managing user individual data. In this work, we assess three understood local binary descriptors (BRIEF, ORB, and BRISK) for the iris recognition task. As iris recognition is a computationally overwhelming undertaking to run locally on cell phones, the proposal of a technique to perform iris recognition on a cloud foundation, which has lately developed as another worldview for facilitating and conveying services over the Internet, has been made. The primary objective of this is to give clients powerful correspondence with no significant blunders.
Effect of Mono Ethylene Glycol Solution on Mechanical Behavior of a Clay Soil
Authors: Estabragh A. R. , Beytolahpour I. , Javadi A. A. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This article presents the results of an investigation into the behavior of a clay soil contaminated with mono ethylene glycol (MEG) through a program of experimental tests. Soil specimens were prepared with water or different concentrations (10, 25 and 40 %) of MEG by the slurry method. One-dimensional consolidation and consolidated undrained (CU) triaxial tests were performed on the specimens. The results of the consolidation tests showed that the preconsolidation pressure is increased and the value of λ (slope of normal consolidation line) is decreased with an increase in the concentration of MEG. In addition, the results of the CU triaxial tests indicated that the friction angles (in term of total and effective stresses) are greater for the MEG solution than for water as pore fluid, and their values are increased with an increase in the concentration of the MEG solution. It was also shown that Roscoe surface exists for contaminated soil in q, p′, v space, and its position in this space is dependent on the concentration of pore fluid.
ФЕНОМЕН НЕРЕФЛЕКСИВНОЇ (ЕМОЦІЙНОЇ) СВІДОМОСТІ САРТРА
Authors: Абрамцьов Рафал 
Published: April 2019

У статті аргументується засаднича теза екзистенційно-феноменологічної концепції Сарт­­ра про первинну нерозчленовану єдність людини та її свідомості і світу, до якої вона, як су­б’єкт, залучена завдяки притаманній їй інтенціональності – спрямованості на зовнішні пред­ме­ти. Нерефлексивна свідомість функціонує на спонтанному чуттєвому рівні пізнання і не ске­ро­вується свідомим себе «Я». Цим самим нерефлексивна (емоційна) свідомість людини репрезентує екзистенційний модус буття у світі як творчого переживання і нетривіального бачення об’єктів пізнання в щоразу нових зв’язках і відношеннях. При цьому емоція постає специфічним способом пізнання суб’єктом «об’єктивної» дійсності, що відрізняє її від деяких інших психічних процесів своєю непозиційністю, тобто стихійною безпосередністю й органічним зв’язком із оточенням.
Застосування феноменологічного методу в психології особистості, що базується на пред­ста­в­леному уявленні, дасть змогу реалізувати цілісний аксіологічний підхід до вивчення психічних явищ, який враховує актуальний життєвий контекст буття людини, її потреби, мотиви, інт­ереси, переконання і цінності.
Так трактований феномен нерефлексивної (емоційної) свідомості Сартра протистоїть як редук­ціонізму позитивістської (біхевіоральної) психології, так і психоаналізу Фройда, але вод­но­час може бути стимулом для розгортання досліджень у царині сучасної когнітивної психології, зокрема психології емоційного інтелекту
The article argues the fundamental thesis of Sartre’s existential and phenomenological concept of initial undivided unity of a person with its consciousness and the world which it belongs to as the subject due to its characteristic intentionality – focus on external objects. Non-reflexive consciousness functions on the spontaneous sensual level of cognition and is not directed by the conscious of the self "I". Thus, the non-reflexive (emotional) human consciousness represents the existential modus of being in the world as a creative experience and non-trivial vision of objects of cognition in every time new connections and relations. Herewith, emotion acts as a specific way of experiencing "objective" reality by the subject which differs it from some other mental processes by its non-positionality, that is, by accidental spontaneity and organic bond with the environment.
The application of the phenomenological method in the personality psychology based on the presented ideas makes it possible to realize the integral axiological approach to the study of mental phenomena considering human actual vital context of being, its needs, motives, interests, beliefs and values.
The interpreted in such a way Sartre’s phenomenon of non-reflexive (emotional) consciousness opposes to both reductionism of positivist (behavioral) psychology and Freud’s psychoanalysis but at the same time it could be an incentive for the deployment of study in the field of modern cognitive psychology, psychology of emotional intelligence in particular