bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DJ1 and microRNA‐214 act synergistically to rescue myoblast cells after ischemia/reperfusion injury
Authors: Ghaderi Shahrooz , Alidadiani Neda , SoleimaniRad Jafar , Heidari Hamid R. , Dilaver Nafi , Heim Christian , Ramsperger‐gleixner Martina , Baradaran Behzad , Weyand Michael 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIschemia/reperfusion injury is a tissue injury occurring post‐reperfusion of tissues with pre‐existing ischemia. A good blood supply to tissues aids in the survival of ischemic tissue, however, due to prolonged ischemia the levels of ATP decrease and pH declines leading to acidosis. Reduced ATP leads to an increase in the AMP/ATP ratio, causing cessation of intracellular calcium transport, hence calcium overload and cell death. In this study, we demonstrate the synergistic and antagonistic effect of DJ1 and microR‐214 (miR‐214) in rescuing myoblast C2C12 cells after ischemia/reperfusion in an in vitro model. Both DJ1 and miR‐214 were cloned into a hypoxic inducible expression cassette and transfected into the C2C12 cells. We showed that DJ1 and miR‐214 have synergistic effects in reducing intracellular lactate dehydrogenase and intracellular transient calcium levels after reoxygenation compared to control cells, in addition to reducing cell death via necrosis. Western blotting revealed a decrease in autophagosome formation in LC3II/I ratio and an increase in AKT expression in cells transfected with DJ1 and miR‐214. Using quantitative real‐time PCR, we demonstrated that DJ1 and miR‐214 significantly reduced the expression of pro‐apoptotic factors and autophagy compared to control. The results indicated DJ1 is an endogenous oxidative stress molecule and miR‐214 is a potent inhibitor of the sodium calcium exchanger channel. DJ1 had the greatest effect to inhibiting mitochondrial cell death pathways by possibly acting as a modulator of autophagy. Additionally, we have concluded that miR‐214 has an inhibitory effect on extrinsic cell death pathways such as necrosis and autophagy.
Low‐energy collision‐induced dissociation (low‐energy CID), collision‐induced dissociation (CID), and higher energy collision dissociation (HCD) mass spectrometry for structural elucidation of saccharides and clarification of their dissolution mechanism in DMAc/LiCl
Authors: Bayat Parisa , Lesage Denis , Cole Richard B. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe dissolution mechanism of oligosaccharides in N,N‐dimethylacetamide/lithium chloride (DMAc/LiCl), a solvent used for cellulose dissolution, and the capabilities of low‐energy collision‐induced dissociation (low‐energy CID), collision‐induced dissociation (CID), and higher energy collision dissociation (HCD) for structural analysis of carbohydrates were investigated. Comparing the spectra obtained using 3 techniques shows that, generally, when working with monolithiated sugars, CID spectra provide more structurally informative fragments, and glycosidic bond cleavage is the main pathway. However, when working with dilithiated sugars, HCD spectra can be more informative providing predominately cross‐ring cleavage fragments. This is because HCD is a nonresonant activation technique, and it allows a higher amount of energy to be deposited in a short time, giving access to more endothermic decomposition pathways as well as consecutive fragmentations. The difference in preferred dissociation pathways of monolithiated and dilithiated sugars indicates that the presence of the second lithium strongly influences the relative rate constants for cross‐ring cleavages vs glycosidic bond cleavages, and disfavors the latter. Regarding the dissolution mechanism of sugars in DMAc/LiCl, CID and HCD experiments on dilithiated and trilithiated sugars reveal that intensities of product ions containing 2 Li+ or 3 Li+, respectively, are higher than those bearing only 1 Li+. In addition, comparing the fragmentation spectra (both HCD and CID) of LiCl‐adducted lithiated sugar and NaCl‐adducted sodiated sugar shows that while, in the latter case, loss of NaCl is dominant, in the former case, loss of HCl occurs preferentially. The compiled evidence implies that there is a strong and direct interaction between lithium and the saccharide during the dissolution process in the DMAc/LiCl solvent system.
Gas‐phase intramolecular hydroxyl‐amino exchange of protonated arginine and verified by the synthetic intermediate compound
Authors: Cai Tian , Zhou Jing , Jiang Yan , Xie Kexin , Fang Dongmei , Qi Huayi , Wu Zhijun 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA new fragmentation process was proposed to interpret the characteristic product ion at m/z 130 of protonated arginine. The α‐amino group was dissociated from protonated arginine and then combined with the (M + H‐NH3) fragment to form an ion‐neutral complex which further generated a hydroxyl‐amino exchange intermediate compound through an ion‐molecule reaction. This intermediate compound was synthesized from argininamide through a diazo reaction, and then the reaction mixture was analyzed using liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (LC‐MS). The collision‐induced dissociation experiments under the same conditions revealed that this intermediate compound produced the characteristic product ion at m/z 130 as well as protonated arginine, and in addition, density functional theory calculations were performed to confirm simultaneous loss of NH3 and CO from this intermediate to give the m/z 130 ion.
Chondrocyte and mesenchymal stem cell derived engineered cartilage exhibits differential sensitivity to pro‐inflammatory cytokines
Authors: Mohanraj Bhavana , Huang Alice H. , Yeger‐McKeever Meira J. , Schmidt Megan J. , Dodge George R. , Mauck Robert L. 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTTissue engineering is a promising approach for the repair of articular cartilage defects, with engineered constructs emerging that match native tissue properties. However, the inflammatory environment of the damaged joint might compromise outcomes, and this may be impacted by the choice of cell source in terms of their ability to operate anabolically in an inflamed environment. Here, we compared the response of engineered cartilage derived from native chondrocytes and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to challenge by TNFα and IL‐1β in order to determine if either cell type possessed an inherent advantage. Compositional (extracellular matrix) and functional (mechanical) characteristics, as well as the release of catabolic mediators (matrix metalloproteinases [MMPs], nitric oxide [NO]) were assessed to determine cell‐ and tissue‐level changes following exposure to IL‐1β or TNF‐α. Results demonstrated that MSC‐derived constructs were more sensitive to inflammatory mediators than chondrocyte‐derived constructs, exhibiting a greater loss of proteoglycans and functional properties at lower cytokine concentrations. While MSCs and chondrocytes both have the capacity to form functional engineered cartilage in vitro, this study suggests that the presence of an inflammatory environment is more likely to impair the in vivo success of MSC‐derived cartilage repair. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:2901–2910, 2018.
Solubilization Behavior of Organic Mixtures in Optimum Winsor Type III Microemulsion Systems of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
Authors: Liu Huie , Zhou Pingping , Wu Zhanghui , Chen Shuang , Ding Chuanqin 
Published: May 2018

AbstractSolubilization selectivity and synergism behavior were investigated for the optimum Winsor type III sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) microemulsion systems of organic mixtures. The organic mixtures used include toluene and 1 of the following 3 normal alkanes: n‐octane, n‐heptane, and n‐hexane. Selective solubilization toward toluene was observed in the optimum Winsor type III SDS microemulsion system for the toluene/n‐octane mixture. Toluene selectivity showed a decrease trend with the increase of its content in the excess oil phase, salinity showed little influence on the trend, and increasing of the SDS content leads to lowering of the selectivity. Synergism exists in the solubilization of the 2 organics for all the binary mixtures used in this work. A clear reduction of the n‐butanol content (A*) to obtain the optimum formulation and rise of the optimum solubilization parameter (SP*) were seen with the mixing of 2 single components. Coincident relation between A* and equivalent alkane carbon number (EACN) for organic mixtures of toluene with the 1 or 3 of n‐hexane, n‐hexane, and n‐octane was obtained, which is a parabolic curve with a minimum point. At the same time, all the SP*–EACN data fall in the same kind of parabolic curve with a maximum. The EACN for the minimum A* and maximum SP* are both in the range of 3.0–3.5. The A*–EACN curve shifts vertically with the change of the SDS content or ln S* (S* is salinity of the aqueous phase), while the change of salinity also leads to slight deformation of the curve, which can be omitted in a small range of salinity change.
Homeotropic alignment of liquid crystals on ITO surface using LBL assembly
Authors: Chandrashekhar Channapura Halappa , Park So‐Jin 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn this work, the very thin layer‐by‐layer (LBL) film that was constructed by dip coating method on indium tin oxide surface can be used in liquid crystal (LC) displays devices. The obtained results indicate that the ultrathin LBL film shows the homeotropic alignment layer, and a uniform vertical alignment of LC molecules was gained very easily. The progress of vertical‐aligned LC cells with a LBL layer was evaluated. The obtained threshold voltage and response time of the LC cell were 2.472 V and 12.5 ms, respectively. So, the competitive performance of the LC cell could allow new sign at a low‐cost budget with rubbing process in LC display technology.
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy for adenocarcinoma of the esophagus
Authors: Visser Els , Edholm David , Smithers B. Mark , Thomson Iain G. , Burmeister Bryan H. , Walpole Euan T. , Gotley David C. , Joubert Warren L. , Atkinson Victoria , Mai Tao , Thomas Janine M. , Barbour Andrew P. 
Published: May 2018

BackgroundThe optimal treatment strategy for patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) remains undetermined. This study compared outcomes in patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT) and neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) for EAC.MethodsPatients who underwent nCT or nCRT followed by surgery for EAC were identified from a prospective database (2000‐2017) and included. After propensity score matching, the impact of the treatments on postoperative complications, in‐hospital mortality, pathological outcomes, and survival rates were compared.ResultsOf the 396 eligible patients, 262 patients were analysed following matching with 131 patients in both groups. There were no significant differences between the nCT and nCRT groups for overall complications (59% vs 57%, P = 0.802) or in‐hospital mortality (2% vs 0%, P = 0.156). Patients who had nCRT had more R0 resections (93% vs 83%, P = 0.013), and higher pathological complete response rates (15% vs 5%, P < 0.001). No differences in 5‐year overall survival rates (nCT vs nCRT; 44% vs 33%, P = 0.645) were found.ConclusionIn this study no differences between nCT and nCRT were seen in postoperative complications and in‐hospital mortality in patients treated for EAC. Inspite of improved complete resection and pathological response there was no difference in the overall survival between the treatment modalities.
Separation and purification of intermediates for the preparation of naproxen from synthetic mixtures by countercurrent chromatography
Authors: Qiu Xujun , Lv Liqiong , Sun Wenyu , Wang Chaoyue , Yan Jizhong , Tong Shengqiang 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThree key intermediates in the preparation of the nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug naproxen were successfully separated and purified with high purity from synthetic mixtures by countercurrent chromatography with a selected biphasic solvent system. The biphasic solvent system composed of n‐hexane/ethyl acetate/methanol/water (9:1:9:1, v/v/v/v) was selected according to partition performance of the three components using thin‐layer chromatography. Fifty milligrams of the synthetic mixture after the three‐step reaction was injected into a preparative countercurrent chromatography separation column and yielded 3.5, 14.0, and 8.0 mg of three key intermediates with 95.0, 99.0, and 98.0% purity, and the recovery of each component was 65.2, 71.2, and 69.6%, respectively. The results indicated that countercurrent chromatography is an efficient alternative and economical method for the separation and purification of intermediate components from synthetic mixtures.
Mild and Effective Polymerization of Dopamine on Keratin Films for Innovative Photoactivable and Biocompatible Coated Materials
Authors: Posati Tamara , Ferroni Claudia , Aluigi Annalisa , Guerrini Andrea , Rossi Francesca , Tatini Francesca , Ratto Fulvio , Marras Emanuela , Gariboldi Marzia Bruna , Sagnella Anna , Ruani Giampiero , Zamboni Roberto , Varchi Greta , Sotgiu Giovanna 
Published: May 2018

AbstractMussel‐inspired polydopamine (PD) coating represents a promising route for constructing functional materials and finely tuning or completely changing their surface properties. In this work, a mild and effective method to realize the deposition of PD on keratin‐based films is reported. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), generated by keratin films doped with a photosensitizer, e.g., Azure A (AzA), upon UV–vis and vis‐near IR irradiation, are exploited to obtain the PD coating. Interestingly, the use of vis‐near IR irradiation leads to an increased production of ROS by AzA resulting in a greater PD deposition. Compared to uncoated keratin films, the PD‐keratin coated materials show a granular but homogeneous surface and an increased hydrophilicity, maintaining the ROS generation ability of AzA. This work demonstrates a useful method to effectively and rapidly functionalize with PD materials that are sensitive to temperature, pH and UV light, such as keratin. The proposed strategy allows obtaining new multifunctional biomaterials of potential interest in tissue engineering and drug delivery; in particular, the use of PD‐keratin films for near IR laser bonding of ophthalmic tissue, which is a representative case in wound healing purpose, is shown.
Dynamic Proteoids Generated From Dipeptide‐Based Monomers
Authors: Liu Yun , Stuart Marc C. A. , Buhler Eric , Hirsch Anna K. H. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractDynamic proteoids are dynamic covalent analogues of proteins which are generated through the reversible polymerization of amino‐acid‐ or peptide‐derived monomers. The authors design and prepare a series of dynamic proteoids based on the reversible polycondensation of six types of dipeptide hydrazides bearing different categories of side chains. The polymerization and structures of biodynamers generated by 1H‐NMR spectroscopy, light scattering and cryo‐transmission‐electron microscopy are studied. This study shows that the presence of aromatic rings in the side chains plays the most essential role in determining the extent of the polymerization and organization into resultant nanostructures through π−π‐stacking interactions, hydroxyl groups have a less favorable influence via hydrogen bonds, whereas a high density of positive charge blocks the generation of biodynamers due to electrostatic repulsions. These findings set the stage for the rational design and synthesis of dynamic proteoids as novel biofunctional materials.
Visible Light Induced Cationic Polymerization of Epoxides by Using Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Sangermano Marco , Rodriguez Damian , Gonzalez Monica C. , Laurenti Enzo , Yagci Yusuf 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe visible light induced cationic polymerization of epoxides can be achieved by means of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), which act as visible light photoinitiators via a radical‐induced cationic photopolymerization process. When MWCNTs are irradiated with longer wavelengths (above 400 nm), they generate carbon radicals, by means of hydrogen abstraction from the epoxy monomer; these radicals are oxidized in the presence of iodonium salt to a carbocation that is sufficiently reactive to start the cationic ring‐opening polymerization of an epoxy monomer. These mechanisms have been supported by electron paramagnetic resonance analysis.
Solution‐Based 3D Printing of Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity
Authors: Zhang Fengyi , Ma Yao , Liao Jianshan , Breedveld Victor , Lively Ryan P. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractCurrent additive manufacturing methods have significant limitations in the classes of compatible polymers. Many polymers of significant technological interest cannot currently be 3D printed. Here, a generalizable method for 3D printing of viscous tenary polymer solutions (polymer/solvent/nonsolvent) is applied to both “intrinsically porous” (a polymer of intrinsic microporosity, PIM‐1) and “intrinsically nonporous” (cellulose acetate) polymers. Successful ternary ink formulations require balancing of solution thermodynamics (phase separation), mass transfer (solvent evaporation), and rheology. As a demonstration, a microporous polymer (PIM‐1) incompatible with current additive manufacturing technologies is 3D printed into a high‐efficiency mass transfer contactor exhibiting hierarchical porosity ranging from sub‐nanometer to millimeter pores. Short contactors (1.27 cm) can fully purify (<1 ppm) toluene vapor (1000 ppm) in N2gas for 1.7 h, which is six times longer than PIM‐1 in traditional structures, and more than 4000 times the residence time of gas in the contactor. This solution‐based additive manufacturing approach greatly extends the range of 3D‐printable materials.
Model Discrimination between RAFT Polymerization Models Using Sequential Bayesian Methodology
Authors: Masoumi Samira , Duever Thomas A. , Penlidis Alexander , Azimi Reza , López‐Domínguez Porfirio , Vivaldo‐Lima Eduardo 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe use of sequential Bayesian methodology for model discrimination purposes in reversible addition‐fragmentation transfer (RAFT) polymerization is analyzed and discussed from a mathematical model discrimination point of view. The RAFT models are detailed nonlinear mechanistic models from the literature, where the debate is still ongoing about their validity. A sensitivity analysis is performed first on the simulated models in order to identify the most informative process (measured) outputs from the candidate models with respect to model discrimination. Next, sequential Bayesian Monte Carlo model discrimination (SBMCMD) methodology is applied to discriminate between the two rival models. The effectiveness of the SBMCMD procedure in discriminating between the two proposed models (both describing basic RAFT polymerization kinetic trends successfully) is explored further. Most informative experiments are designed and suggested based on the design of experiments step of the SBMCMD methodology. The methodology is capable of selecting the “real” model.
Short‐term direct contact with soil and plant materials leads to an immediate increase in diversity of skin microbiota
Authors: Grönroos Mira , Parajuli Anirudra , Laitinen Olli H. , Roslund Marja I. , Vari Heli K. , Hyöty Heikki , Puhakka Riikka , Sinkkonen Aki 
Published: May 2018

AbstractImmune‐mediated diseases have increased during the last decades in urban environments. The hygiene hypothesis suggests that increased hygiene level and reduced contacts with natural biodiversity are related to the increase in immune‐mediated diseases. We tested whether short‐time contact with microbiologically diverse nature‐based materials immediately change bacterial diversity on human skin. We tested direct skin contact, as two volunteers rubbed their hands with sixteen soil and plant based materials, and an exposure via fabric packets filled with moss material. Skin swabs were taken before and after both exposures. Next‐generation sequencing showed that exposures increased, at least temporarily, the total diversity of skin microbiota and the diversity of Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and Alpha‐, Beta‐ and Gammaproteobacteria suggesting that contact with nature‐based materials modify skin microbiome and increase skin microbial diversity. Until now, approaches to cure or prevent immune system disorders using microbe‐based treatments have been limited to use of a few microbial species. We propose that nature‐based materials with high natural diversity, such as the materials tested here, might be more effective in modifying human skin microbiome, and eventually, in reducing immune system disorders. Future studies should investigate how long‐term changes in skin microbiota are achieved and if the exposure induces beneficial changes in the immune system markers.
Mechanisms and pathways of anti‐inflammatory activity of DPP‐4 inhibitors in cardiovascular and renal protection
Authors: Tomovic Katarina , Lazarevic Jelena , Kocic Gordana , Deljanin‐Ilic Marina , Anderluh Marko , Smelcerovic Andrija 
Published: May 2018

AbstractDipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP‐4) cleaves N‐terminal dipeptides, with Pro, Ala or Ser at the penultimate position, and, in that way, modulates biological activity of certain polypeptides. Due to its ubiquitous distribution, many pathological processes are associated with altered DPP‐4 expression and activity. Besides the regulation of glucose metabolism, DPP‐4 also exhibits many other systemic effects, and the inhibition of its activity might lead to cardiovascular and renal protection. Mechanisms underlying these protective effects of DPP‐4 inhibition are ascribed to elevated bioavailability of its substrates, to impacts on mediators and signaling pathways that ameliorate cardiovascular and renal function through the suppression of oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis and apoptosis, improved endothelial function and tissue reparation. Inflammation contributes to and promotes progression of cardiovascular and renal disorders. Herein, we discuss cellular and molecular mechanisms mediating the anti‐inflammatory activity of clinically used DPP‐4 inhibitors in cardiovascular and renal protection.
Supplementation of the Diet by Exogenous Myrosinase via Mustard Seeds to Increase the Bioavailability of Sulforaphane in Healthy Human Subjects after the Consumption of Cooked Broccoli
Authors: Okunade Olukayode , Niranjan Keshavan , Ghawi Sameer K. , Kuhnle Gunter , Methven Lisa 
Published: May 2018

ScopeBroccoli contains glucosinolate glucoraphanin, which, in the presence of myrosinase, can hydrolyze to isothiocyanate sulforaphane, reported to have anticarcinogenic activity. However, the myrosinase enzyme is denatured on cooking. Addition of an active source of myrosinase, such as from powdered mustard seed, to cooked Brassica vegetables can increase the release of health beneficial isothiocyanates; however, this has not previously been proven in vivo.Methods and resultsThe concentration of sulforaphane metabolite (sulforaphane N‐acetyl‐l‐cysteine [SF‐NAC]) in 12 healthy adults after the consumption of 200 g cooked broccoli, with and without 1 g powdered brown mustard, was studied in a randomized crossover design. During the 24‐h period following the consumption of the study sample, all urine was collected. SF‐NAC content was assayed by HPLC. When study subjects ingested cooked broccoli alone, mean urinary SF‐NAC excreted was 9.8 ± 5.1 μmol per g creatinine, and when cooked broccoli was consumed with mustard powder, this increased significantly to 44.7 ± 33.9 μmol SF‐NAC per gram creatinine.ConclusionThese results conclude that when powdered brown mustard is added to cooked broccoli, the bioavailability of sulforaphane is over four times greater than that from cooked broccoli ingested alone.