bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relation of the Pituitary Gland With the Sella Turcica in Adult Patients With Chiari Malformation Type 1
Authors: Dolgun Habibullah , Ülkü Göktuğ , Elbir Cagri , Dinç Samet , Şener Burak , Kavcar Mustafa , Kalindemirtaş Merve , Beger Orhan 
Published: November 2024

Objective:
This study aims to assess the relation of the pituitary gland height (PGH) with the heights of the tuberculum sellae (TSH) and dorsum sellae (DSH) in adult patients with Chiari malformation type 1 (CM1).

Methods:
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) views of 50 CM1 patients aged 20 to 71 years and 50 controls aged 20 to 65 years were included in the study.

Results:
CM1 patients (6.29±1.24 mm) had statistically similar PGH to controls (6.63±1.18 mm, P=0.171). TSH (10.11±2.18 mm), and DSH (8.87±1.88 mm) of these patients were statistically smaller than TSH (11.28±2.07 mm) and DSH (10.50±1.62 mm) of controls (P<0.01). In CM1, there was one male patient (2%) with PGH > 10 mm, whereas in controls, there was no case with PGH > 10 mm. Two CM1 patients (4%) had taller PGH compared with DSH, and 1 CM1 patient (2%) had taller PGH compared with TSH. In controls, all PGHs were smaller than TSHs and DSHs.

Conclusion:
In comparison with controls, CM1 patients had smaller TSH and DSH, but statistically similar PGH. Thus, a shallow sella on MRI image of a CM1 patient may result in the pituitary gland to appear longer than normal, and this may lead to erroneous diagnoses such as gland enlargement on their MRI images.
FIBRINOGEN-LIKE PROTEIN 2 PROTECTS THE AGGRAVATION OF HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA ON THE SEVERITY OF HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA ACUTE PANCREATITIS BY REGULATING MACROPHAGES
Authors: Dong Xiuli , Xu Haibo , He Baiqi , Zhang Meijuan , Miu Wanqi , Huang Zhiming , Chen Chengshui 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective: The mechanisms underlying the increased severity of hypertriglyceridemia acute pancreatitis (HTG-AP) remain poorly understood. Fibrinogen-like protein 2 (FGL2) has been identified as a regulator of macrophage activity, mediating immune suppression. This study aims to examine the role of FGL2 in the susceptibility to severe conditions of HTG-AP. Methods: Both wild-type and FGL2 gene knockout C57BL/6 mice were utilized to establish HTG, AP, and HTG-AP models using P-407 and/or caerulein. Serum levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, amylase, and lipase were assessed via biochemical analysis. Pancreatic and lung tissue injuries were evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin staining. TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels in serum and pancreatic tissues were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the expression of FGL2, the macrophage marker CD68, and M1/M2 macrophage markers iNOS/CD163. Results: The animal models were successfully established. Compared to wild-type mice, FGL2 knockout resulted in increased pathological injury scores in the pancreas and lungs, as well as elevated TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels in serum and pancreatic tissue in the HTG group, with more pronounced effects observed in the HTG-AP group. The AP group alone did not exhibit significant changes due to FGL2 knockout. Further analysis revealed that FGL2 knockout increased CD68 expression but reduced CD163 expression in the pancreatic tissues in the HTG group. In the HTG-AP group, there was a marked increase in CD68 and iNOS expressions, coupled with a reduction in CD163 expression. Conclusion: FGL2 knockout in HTG and HTG-AP mice resulted in increased inflammatory responses and a significant imbalance in M2 macrophages. These findings suggest that FGL2 plays a crucial role in mitigating the aggravation of HTG on the severity of HTG-AP by modulating macrophage activity.
Postoperative Exercise Training in Patients with Colorectal Liver Metastases A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Thomsen Simon Nørskov , Krabek Rikke , Yfanti Christina , Sjöberg Stine , Sundberg Anna , Dalsgaard Ditte Munch , Thomsen Laura Mølgaard , Aasvang Eske Kvanner , Qvortrup Camilla , Mau-Sørensen Morten , Pedersen Bente Klarlund , Larsen Peter Nørgaard , Sillesen Martin Hylleholt , Schultz Nicolai Aagaard , Christensen Jesper Frank , Simonsen Casper 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Postoperative morbidity can reduce quality of life, physical performance, and tolerability of postoperative chemotherapy in patients with colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). Exercise can improve these outcomes in some cancer populations. However, it remains unknown whether exercise can be delivered in the early postoperative period following surgery for CRLM without increasing the risk of harms.

Objective:
The primary objective was to compare the number of serious adverse events (SAEs) with exercise intervention versus control. The secondary objectives were to compare non-SAEs, chemotherapy dose modifications, patient-reported outcomes, cardiorespiratory fitness, and physical performance.

Methods:
Patients with CRLM scheduled to open surgery with or without postoperative chemotherapy were randomized 2:1 to intervention or control. The intervention group performed 30-50 min low-to-high intensity exercise 5 times/week for 8 weeks, initiated one day after postoperative hospital discharge. The primary outcome was SAEs. The secondary outcomes were SAEs; chemotherapy dose modifications; patient-reported outcomes; cardiorespiratory fitness; and physical performance.

Results:
Fifty-five participants were randomized. The number of SAEs was similar between the groups (between-group difference [95% CI]: -0.07 [-0.59; 0.43] events), whereas the number of non-SAEs was lower in intervention (between-group difference [95% CI]: -4.65 [-9.14; -0.17] events). We found between-group differences in time to postoperative chemotherapy (intervention: 25 days, control; 42 days) and chemotherapy dose modifications (RR [95%CI]: 0.55 [0.35; 0.88]). Additionally, we found between-group differences in quality of life, cardiorespiratory fitness, and physical performance, in favor of intervention.

Conclusions:
Early-onset postoperative exercise exhibit a favorable harms-benefit profile in patients with CRLM. This warrants further investigation in larger randomized controlled trials.

Trial registration:
Prospectively registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04751773).
Effects of a forefoot strengthening protocol on explosive tasks performance and propulsion kinetics in athletes: a single-blind randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tourillon Romain , Fourchet François , Edouard Pascal , Morin Jean-Benoît 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the effects of an 8-week “periodized high-load” forefoot strengthening protocol on athlete’s metatarsophalangeal joints (MTPj) flexion torque, MTPj flexors volume, sprint acceleration, cutting, and jumping overall performance and kinetics.MethodsTwenty-height highly-trained athletes were randomized into a TRAINING or control group. Following a 4-week control period, TRAINING performed an 8-week forefoot strengthening protocol (2 sessions per week) followed by a 4-week detraining period. CONTROL group athletes were asked to continue their usual activities. During weeks 1, 5, 14 and 18, we assessed MTPj flexion torque, MTPj flexors volume, maximal sprint acceleration, 90-degree cutting, vertical and horizontal jumps, and foot-ankle hops. A linear mixed model was used along with individual statistical analyses using the minimal detectable change (MDC).ResultsTRAINING significantly and substantially increased MTPj flexion torque and MTPj flexors volume (effect size [ES]: 1.36-1.96; p<0.001) with 92% of athletes exceeding the MDC. Subsequently, TRAINING induced significant improvements in cutting and horizontal jumping performance (ES: 0.53-1.14; p<0.01) with 42 to 67% of athletes exceeding the MDC. These gains were partly attributed to enhanced medio-lateral ground reaction force transmission during cutting and increased propulsive horizontal force production and transmission during jumping (ES: 0.38-0.57; p<0.05). Despite no effects on overall sprint acceleration performance, vertical propulsion kinetics at maximal speed improved in TRAINING after intervention (ES: 0.87-1.19; p<0.01). No significant differences were found between the results of the interventional and detraining period demonstrating potential long-lasting effects.ConclusionAn 8-week “periodized high-load” forefoot strengthening protocol allowed to improve MTPj maximal torque and MTPj flexors volume. This strength gains led also to cutting, horizontal jump overall performance and kinetics improvement as well as greater maximal speed propulsion kinetics. MTPj strength capacity may exert a more substantial impact on performance and kinetics on horizontally and medio-lateral-oriented explosive movements than on vertically-oriented ones.
Comprehensive multi-omics profiling of a healthy human cohort
Authors: de Visser Casper , Niehues Anna , Najdekr Lukáš , Toth Reka , Nazarov Petr V. , Vrbková Jana , Stanková Jarmila , Ekberg Sara , Moreno Elisa Conde , Ghimire Bishwa , Yadav Bhagwan , Matilla Pirkko , Puhka Maija , Lanza Val F. , Gloerich Jolein , Kulkarni Purva , Wessels Hans , Engelke Udo , Oldoni Emanuela , Andreu Toni , Saunders Gary , Muller Arnaud , Bendová Michaela , Rozankova Zuzana , Dzubak Petr , Pavlis Petr , Siska Bronislav , Scherer Andreas , Bermejo M Laura Garcia , Nordlund Jessica , van Gool Alain , Hajdúch Marián , ’t Hoen Peter A.C. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTMulti-omics investigations hold promise for uncovering biomarker profiles crucial for disease diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring interventions. However, these profiles are susceptible to technical and biological variation. Capturing biological variability and removing technical variability are essential for future studies. The EATRIS-Plus consortium analyzed blood samples from 127 healthy adults across twelve omics layers, resulting in one of the most comprehensive omics profiling datasets. These layers were analyzed and integrated with reproducible workflows. Sex significantly impacted all omics profiles, highlighting the need for sex-balanced studies. Age was associated with fewer omics features, but we could accurately predict participants’ age with epigenetic predictors(R2= 0.90). And we identified aging biomarkers in other omics layers. Strikingly, omics features including miR-877-5p, CDP-diacylglycerol,COQ10B,SH3GLB1, andMFSD14AmRNAs and immunoglobulin proteins were significantly (False Discovery Rate < 0.05) associated with the difference between biological and chronological age, but not with chronological age itself. The EATRIS-Plus dataset is FAIR and made accessible via the ClinData Portal and Zenodo repository. This reference dataset with normal ranges for abundance and variation of all omics features can guide future biomarker studies. The dataset enables power analyses and sample size estimations for future multi-omics studies and is ideal for benchmarking computational methods that integrate multi-omics data.
Biological age prediction using a novel DNN model based on steroid metabolic pathways
Authors: Wang Qiuyi , Wang Zi , Mizuguchi Kenji , Takao Toshifumi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAging involves the progressive accumulation of cellular damage, leading to systemic decline and age-related diseases. Despite advances in medicine, accurately predicting Biological Age (BA) remains challenging due to the complexity of aging processes and the limitations of current models. This study introduces a novel method for predicting BA using a Deep Neural Network (DNN) based on steroid metabolic pathways. We analyzed 22 steroids from 148 serum samples of individuals aged 20 to 73, using 98 samples for model training and 50 for validation. Our model reflects the often-overlooked fact that aging heterogeneity expands over time and uncovers sex-specific variations in steroid interactions. This study identified key markers, including cortisol (COL), which underscore the role of stress-related and sex-specific steroids in aging. The resulting model establishes a biologically meaningful and robust framework for predicting BA across diverse datasets, supporting more targeted strategies in aging research and disease management.
All-Optical Multimodal Mapping of Single Cell Type-Specific Metabolic Activities via REDCAT
Authors: Li Yajuan , Zhang Zhaojun , Enninful Archibald , Nam Jungmin , Qin Xiaoyu , Villazon Jorge , Fazard Negin , Fung Anthony A. , Xu Mina L. , Jang Hongje , Zhang Nancy R. , Fan Rong , Ma Zongming , Shi Lingyan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMetabolism dictates a range of physiological functions in human health and disease. Metabolic activities vary substantially in different cell types and are influenced by local tissue environments. Despite latest advent in spatial omics to map cellular heterogeneity and neighborhoods, it is yet to connect cell type or state to metabolic function, ideally, cell-by-cell in same tissue section to unveil metabolic mechanisms in a cell-type-specific manner in complex tissue. Here we present Raman Enhanced Delineation of Cell Atlases in Tissues (REDCAT) for spatially co-profiling metabolic activities and cell types via integration of all-optical multi-modal chemical imaging with high-plex immunofluorescence imaging on the same tissue section. Application to human normal and malignant lymphoid tissues maps metabolic processes including protein, nucleic acid, and lipid metabolism as well as intra-cellular lipid droplet (LD) diversity to all cell types and unveils metabolic reprogramming in lymphoma development and progression. Hyperspectral imaging further revealed subcellular chemical composition changes in individual cancer cells. REDCAT enables the mapping of single-cell type-specific metabolic activities in complex tissues to explore the landscape of cellular phenotype–function relationship, providing rich biological information potentially for clinical pathology and disease diagnosis.
Ecological response ofAngelica dahuricaand its rhizosphere microorganisms to the treatment ofAlternanthera philoxeroidesextracts
Authors: Huang Yongjie , Huang Yufeng , Cai Yuting , Li Xinmeng , Zhang Jie 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTo explore the ecological adaptation mechanism of the medicinal plantAngelica dahuricaand its rhizosphere microorganisms to the invasion of Alternantheraphiloxeroides. This study analysed the physiological and biochemical indexes ofA. dahuricaseedlings and soil enzyme activities under a series concentration of root, stem and leaf extracts fromA. philoxeroides.Furthermore, high-throughput sequencing technology was used to detect the rhizosphere microorganism diversity ofA. dahurica.Results showed that with the increase of extract concentration and the extension of treatment time, the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT) in seedlings increased and then decreased, and the inhibitory effect of root extract was the most significant. The extract effect on soil enzyme activity followed the descending sequence: root ˃ stem ˃ leaf. The activities of soil enzymes S-β-GC, S-LAP and S-ALP showed an upward trend with the increase of extract concentration, and the highest enzyme activity was found at 80 g/L.Proteobacteria,Acidobacteria,BacteroidesandSphingomonaswere the dominant species of rhizosphere soil bacteria under the treatment of each extract at phyla level. With the increasing concentration of different organ extracts, the relative abundance ofProteobacteria,BacteroidesandSphingomonasgradually increased, while the abundance ofAcidobacteriadecreased. PcoA principal component analysis revealed a significant differentiation between rhizosphere bacterial community structure under the extract and control treatments. These results indicated that different concentrations ofA. philoxeroidesextract could affect the growth and soil enzyme activity ofA. dahuricaand change the community structure of rhizosphere microorganisms.
A post-translational cysteine-to-serine conversion in human and mouse insulin generates a diabetogenic neoepitope
Authors: Srivastava Neetu , Vomund Anthony N. , Peterson Orion J. , Abousaway Omar , Li Tiandao , Kain Lisa , Stone Pamela , Clement Cristina C. , Sharma Siddhartha , Zhang Bo , Liu Chang , Joglekar Alok V. , Campisi Laura , Hsieh Chyi-Song , Santambrogio Laura , Teyton Luc , Arbelaez Ana Maria , Lichti Cheryl F. , Wan Xiaoxiao 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTType 1 diabetes (T1D) affects a genetically susceptible population that develops autoreactive T cells attacking insulin-producing pancreatic β cells. Increasingly, neoantigens are recognized as critical drivers of this autoimmune response. Here, we report a novel insulin neoepitope generated via post-translational cysteine-to-serine conversion (C>S) in human patients, which is also seen in the autoimmune-prone non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. This modification is driven by oxidative stress within the microenvironment of pancreatic β cells and is further amplified by T1D-relevant inflammatory cytokines, enhancing neoantigen formation in both pancreatic β cells and dendritic cells. We discover that C>S-modified insulin is specifically recognized by CD4+T cells in human T1D patients and NOD mice. In humans with established T1D, HLA-DQ8-restricted, C>S-specific CD4+T cells exhibit an activated memory phenotype and lack regulatory signatures. In NOD mice, these neoepitope-specific T cells can orchestrate islet infiltration and promote diabetes progression. Collectively, these data advance a concept that microenvironment-driven and context-dependent post-translational modifications (PTMs) can generate neoantigens that contribute to organ-specific autoimmunity.
Predicting the Pathway Involvement of Compounds Annotated in the Reactome Knowledge-base
Authors: Huckvale Erik D. , Moseley Hunter N.B. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMotivationPathway annotations of non-macromolecular (relatively small) biomolecules facilitate biological and biomedical interpretation of metabolomics datasets. However, low pathway annotation levels of detected biomolecules hinder this type of interpretation. Thus, predicting the pathway involvement of detected but unannotated biomolecules has high potential to improve metabolomics data analysis and omics integration. Past publications have only made use of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes derived datasets to develop machine learning models to predict pathway involvement. However, to our knowledge, the Reactome knowledgebase has not been utilized to develop these types of predictive models.ResultsWe created a dataset ready for machine learning using chemical representations of all path-way-annotated compounds available from the Reactome knowledgebase. Next, we trained and evaluated a single multilayer perceptron binary classifier using combined metabolite-pathway paired feature vectors engineered from this new dataset. While models trained on a prior corresponding KEGG dataset with 502 pathways scored a mean Matthew’s correlation coefficient (MCC) of 0.847 and 0.0098 standard deviation, the models trained on the Reactome dataset with 3,985 pathways demonstrated improved performance with a mean MCC of 0.916, but with a higher 0.0149 standard deviation. These results indicate that the pathways in Reactome can also be effectively predicted, greatly increasing the number of human-defined pathways available for prediction.AvailabilityCode and data for fully reproducing the results in this work are available athttps://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.27478065.Contacthunter.moseley@uky.edu.
Clinical effectiveness of computer-based psychoeducational self-help platforms for eating disorders (with or without an associated app): A systematic review
Authors: Gentile Alessandra Diana , Kritian Yosua Yan , Cini Erica 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundFollowing the COVID-19 pandemic, computer-based self-help platforms for eating disorders (EDs) became increasingly prevalent as a tool to effectively prevent and treat ED symptoms and related behaviours. This systematic review explored the clinical effectiveness of computer-based self-help platforms for EDs.MethodsFrom inception to the 31stof May 2024, a systematic search of Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Global Health, and APA PsycInfo was conducted. This systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Outcome quality assessments were conducted according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE).Results14 RCTs, with a total of 4195 participants, were included. 4 studies explored the effectiveness as primary prevention, 7 as secondary prevention, and 3 as tertiary intervention. The gathered literature demonstrated computer-based self-help platforms as clinically effective in reducing ED core symptoms and related behaviours, with psychoeducation, cognitive behavioural, and dissonance-based approaches being the most prevalent approaches.ConclusionsComputer-based self-help platforms are effective in the short-term reduction of ED symptoms and associated behaviours and should be implemented in the early stages of a tiered healthcare system for ED treatments.Trial RegistrationProspero (CRD42024520866).
Post-discharge mortality in suspected pediatric sepsis: insights from rural and urban healthcare settings in Rwanda
Authors: Umuhoza Christian , Hooft Anneka , Zhang Cherri , Trawin Jessica , Mfuranziza Cynthia , Uwiragiye Emmanuel , Nguyen Vuong , Kornblith Aaron , Mugisha Nathan Kenya , Ansermino J Mark , Wiens Matthew O. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPost-discharge death is increasingly recognized as an important contributor to pediatric mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. To address morbidity and mortality during this period, a representative evidence base is needed to inform resource prioritization, policy, and guideline development. To date, no studies have been conducted in Rwanda, limiting understanding of post-discharge mortality in this region. We conducted a prospective cohort study of children ages 0-60 months in two Rwandan hospitals, one rural (Ruhengeri) and one urban (Kigali), from May 2022 to February 2023. We collected clinical, laboratory, and sociodemographic data on admission and follow-up data on vital statistics at 2-, 4-, and 6-months post-discharge. Of 1218 children enrolled, 115 (9.4%) died, with half occurring in-hospital (n=57, 4.7%) and half after discharge (n=58, 4.7%). Post-discharge mortality was lower in the 6-60-month cohort (n=30, 3.5%) than in the 0-6-month cohort (10%) and higher in Kigali (n=37, 10.3%) vs. Ruhengeri (n=21, 2.7%). Median time to post-discharge death was 38 days (IQR: 16-97.5) in the 0–6-month cohort and 33 days (IQR: 12-76) in the 6– 60-month cohort. In the 0-6 months cohort, malnutrition (weight-for-age z-score <-3) was associated with increased odds of post-discharge death (aOR 3.31, 95% CI 1.28-8.04), while higher maternal education was protective (aOR 0.15, 95% CI 0.03-0.85). Significant factors associated with post-discharge death in the 6-60-month cohort included an abnormal Blantyre Coma Scale (aOR 3.28, 95% CI 1.47-7.34), travel time to care >1 hour (aOR 3.54, 95% CI 1.26-9.93), and referral for higher levels of care (aOR 4.13, 95% CI 1.05-16.27). Children aged <2 months exhibited the highest cumulative mortality risk. Post-discharge mortality among Rwandan children remains a significant burden, necessitating targeted interventions for post-discharge care and follow up to reduce mortality.