bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Swift UVOT Stars Survey. III. Photometry and Color–Magnitude Diagrams of 103 Galactic Open Clusters
Authors: Siegel Michael H. , LaPorte Samuel J. , Porterfield Blair L. , Hagen Lea M. Z. , Gronwall Caryl A. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
As part of the Swift/Ultraviolet-Optical Telescope Stars Survey, we present near-ultraviolet (NUV; 3000–1700 Å) point-source photometry for 103 Galactic open clusters. These data, taken over the span of the mission, provide a unique and unprecedented set of NUV point-source photometry on simple stellar populations. After applying a membership analysis fueled mostly by Gaia DR2 proper motions, we find that 49 of these 103 have clear precise color–magnitude diagrams (CMDs) amenable to investigation. We compare the CMDs to theoretical isochrones and find good agreement between the theoretical isochrones and the CMDs. The exceptions are the fainter parts of the main sequence and the red giant branch in the uvw2 − uvw1 CMDs, which is most likely due to either the difficulty of correcting for the red leak in the uvw2 filter or limitations in our understanding of UV opacities for cool stars. For the most part, our derived cluster parameters—age, distance, and reddening—agree with the consensus literature, but we find a few clusters that warrant substantial revision from literature values, notably NGC 2304, NGC 2343, NGC 2360, NGC 2396, NGC 2428, NGC 2509, NGC 2533, NGC 2571, NGC 2818, Collinder 220, and NGC 6939. A number of these are clusters in the third Galactic quadrant, where previous studies may have mistaken the disk sequence for the cluster. However, the Gaia DR2 proper motions clearly favor a different sequence. A number of clusters also show white dwarf and blue straggler sequences. We confirm the presence of extended main-sequence turnoffs in NGC 2360 and NGC 2818 and show hints of them in a number of other clusters that may warrant future spectroscopic study. Most of the clusters in the study have low extinction, and the rest are well fit by a “Milky Way–like” extinction law. However, Collinder 220 hints at a possible “LMC-like” extinction law. We finally provide a comprehensive point-source catalog to the community as a tool for future investigation.
Rates and Properties of Supernovae Strongly Gravitationally Lensed by Elliptical Galaxies in Time-domain Imaging Surveys
Authors: Goldstein Daniel A. , Nugent Peter E. , Goobar Ariel 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Supernovae that are strongly gravitationally lensed (gLSNe) by elliptical galaxies are powerful probes of astrophysics and cosmology that will be discovered systematically by wide-field, high-cadence imaging surveys such as the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) and the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST). Here we use pixel-level simulations that include observing strategy, target selection, supernova properties, and dust to forecast the rates and properties of gLSNe that ZTF and LSST will find. Applying the resolution-insensitive discovery strategy of Goldstein et al., we forecast that ZTF (LSST) can discover 0.02 (0.79) 91bg-like, 0.17 (5.92) 91T-like, 1.22 (47.84) Type Ia, 2.76 (88.51) Type IIP, 0.31 (12.78) Type IIL, and 0.36 (15.43) Type Ib/c gLSNe per year, with uncertainties dominated by uncertainties in the supernova rate. We also forecast that the surveys can discover at least 3.75 (209.32) Type IIn gLSNe per year, for a total of at least 8.60 (380.60) gLSNe per year under fiducial observing strategies. ZTF gLSNe have a median z

s
= 0.9, z

l
= 0.35,

, Δt
max = 10 days, min(θ) = 0.″25, and N
img = 4. LSST gLSNe are less compact and less magnified, with a median z

s
= 1.0, z

l
= 0.4,

, Δt
max = 25 days, min(θ) = 0.″6, and N
img = 2. We develop a model of the supernova–host galaxy connection and find that the vast majority of gLSN host galaxies will be multiply imaged, enabling detailed constraints on lens models with sufficiently deep high-resolution imaging taken after the supernova has faded. We release the results of our simulations as catalogs at http://portal.nersc.gov/project/astro250/glsne/.
On the Properties of a Newborn Magnetar Powering the X-Ray Transient CDF-S XT2
Authors: Xiao Di , Zhang Bin-Bin , Dai Zi-Gao 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Very recently Xue et al. reported an important detection of the X-ray transient, CDF-S XT2, whose light curve is analogous to X-ray plateau features of gamma-ray burst afterglows. They suggested that this transient is powered by a remnant stable magnetar from a binary neutron star merger because several pieces of evidence (host galaxy, location, and event rate) all point toward such an assumption. In this Letter, we revisit this scenario and confirm that this X-ray emission can be well explained by the internal gradual magnetic dissipation process in an ultra-relativistic wind of the newborn magnetar. We show that both the light curve and spectral evolution of CDF-S XT2 can be well fitted by such a model. Furthermore, we can probe some key properties of the central magnetar, such as its initial spin period, surface magnetic field strength, and wind saturation Lorentz factor.
Ultrasound in the Assessment of Interstitial Lung Disease in Systemic Sclerosis: A Systematic Literature Review by the OMERACT Ultrasound Group
Authors: Gutierrez Marwin , Soto-Fajardo Carina , Pineda Carlos , Alfaro-Rodriguez Alfonso , Terslev Lene , Bruyn George , Iagnocco Annamaria , Bertolazzi Chiara , D’Agostino Maria Antonietta , Delle Sedie Andrea 
Published: July 2019

Objective.To provide an overview of the role of lung ultrasound (LUS) in the assessment of interstitial lung disease (ILD) in systemic sclerosis (SSc) and to discuss the state of validation supporting its clinical relevance and application in daily clinical practice.Methods.Original articles published between January 1997 and October 2017 were included. To identify all available studies, a detailed search pertaining to the topic of review was conducted according to guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). A systematic search was performed in PubMed and EMBASE. The quality assessment of retrieved articles was performed according to the Oxford Center for Evidence-based Medicine. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews and the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies–2 tool.Results.From 300 papers identified, 12 were included for the analysis. LUS passed the filter of face, content validity, and feasibility. However, there is insufficient evidence to support criterion validity, reliability, and sensitivity to change.Conclusion.Despite a great deal of work supporting the potential role of LUS for the assessment of ILD-SSc, much remains to be done before validating its use as an outcome measure in ILD-SSc.
Altered Homeostasis of Regulatory T Lymphocytes and Differential Regulation of STAT1/STAT5 in CD4+ T Lymphocytes in Childhood-onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Holcar Marija , Goropevšek Aleš , Avčin Tadej 
Published: July 2019

Objective.Childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) is usually a more severe and aggressive disease than adult-onset SLE (aSLE), but cellular and subcellular reasons for these differences are not well understood. The present study analyzed Th subsets, STAT1/STAT5 signaling response, and cytokine profiles of cSLE.Methods.FOXP3+ regulatory (Treg) and effector Th subsets, expression and phosphorylation of STAT1/STAT5 in Th, and cytokine profiles were measured in the peripheral blood of patients with cSLE and healthy controls (HC), using flow cytometry and immunoassay on a biochip.Results.Significant correlation between expression of the activation marker HLA-DR and decreased Th counts, an increase in the percentage of FOXP3+ Th, and a decrease in the activated Treg (aTreg) subset among them were found in cSLE. In contrast to our previous findings in aSLE, no significant differences in percentages and a significant decrease in the numbers of the naive-resting Treg (rTreg) subset compared to HC were found. The percentages of CD25− cells, possibly reflecting interleukin 2 depletion, were significantly increased in cSLE aTreg, but not in the rTreg subset. Consistent with the results of our previous studies in aSLE, increased expression of STAT1, along with significant correlation between decreased Th counts and their increased basal phosphorylation of STAT5, were also found in cSLE.Conclusion.Our results suggest that the key difference in Treg homeostasis between cSLE and aSLE is in the rTreg subset. However, perturbed aTreg homeostasis, increased levels of STAT1 protein, and homeostatic STAT5 signaling appear to be intrinsic characteristics of the disease, present in cSLE and aSLE alike.
De l’école des Beaux-arts à la leçon de Louis I. Kahn : assimilations et détournements théoriques chez Bernard Huet
Authors: Pommier Juliette 
Published: July 2019

La question de l’héritage théorique interroge le rapport des théoriciens à leurs sources. Dans le parcours de Bernard Huet, théoricien de l’architecture urbaine à la française, ce rapport se construit dès sa formation pour se développer tout au long de sa carrière. La question sera ainsi abordée sous l’angle de l’enseignement et de sa capacité à produire cet héritage, au travers du processus d’assimilation. L’analyse de la confrontation de Bernard Huet au système des Beaux-arts et à l’enseignement de Louis I. Kahn tentera de cerner les modalités de l’assimilation et de l’élaboration théorique ultérieure. Plusieurs facteurs déterminent cette assimilation : le contexte de réception et la trajectoire de l’architecte, mais aussi les caractères internes de ces enseignements et les modalités d’assimilation. Celles-ci correspondent à différents mécanismes psychologiques, développés dans le temps long : la sélection des connaissances, leur déplacement, leur transformation, ou encore leur condensation, lorsque plusieurs sources convergent vers une même position théorique.
Factors Nurses in the Intensive Care Unit Consider When Making Decisions About Patient Mobility
Authors: Krupp Anna E. , Ehlenbach William J. , King Barbara 
Published: July 2019

Background
Early mobility interventions in the intensive care unit can improve patients’ outcomes, yet they are not routinely implemented in many intensive care units. In an effort to identify opportunities to implement and sustain evidence-based practice, prior work has demonstrated that understanding the decision-making process of health professionals is critical for identifying opportunities to improve program implementation. Nurses are often responsible for mobilizing patients, but how they overcome barriers and make decisions to mobilize patients in the intensive care unit is not understood.

Objective
To describe processes that nurses in intensive care units use to make decisions and barriers that influence their decision-making about patient mobility.

Methods
An exploratory descriptive approach using semi-structured interviews of a purposive sample of registered nurses in 2 intensive care units at 2 hospitals was used. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed by using directed content analysis to identify categories that describe nurses’ decision-making about patient mobility.

Results
Semistructured interviews were conducted with 20 nurses in a 1-on-1 setting. Four main categories that influenced nurses’ decision-making about mobility were identified in the directed content analysis: purpose of mobility, gathering information, establishing and activating the plan, and barriers to progressing the plan.

Conclusions
Deciding to mobilize patients in the intensive care unit is a multifaceted, individualized decision made by nurses, and numerous patient-, nurse-, and unit-related factors influence that decision. Future studies that target unit culture and interprofessional perspectives are needed.
A Mouse Model for the Study of SYK Function through Chemical Genetics Demonstrates SYK-Dependent Signaling through the B Cell Receptor, but Not TLR4
Authors: Wang Wen-Horng , Krisenko Mariya O , Higgins Renee L , Morman Rosemary E , Geahlen Robert L 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The SYK protein-tyrosine kinase is a well-known mediator of signals elicited by the clustering of BCR complexes and other receptors that bear components that contain one or more ITAM sequences. Additional roles for the kinase in signaling through other receptor classes also have been described. To assist in the identification of SYK-regulated processes, we developed mice lacking endogenous Syk genes but containing instead genes coding for an analogue-sensitive form of SYK (SYK-AQL). SYK-AQL supports the development of B cells, and these can be activated with both anti-IgM F(ab′)2 through the BCR and LPS through TLR4. An orthogonal inhibitor that selectively targets SYK-AQL blocks the activation of B cells by anti-IgM F(ab′)2 in SYK-AQL–expressing but not wild-type cells. The SYK-AQL–specific inhibitor, however, does not block B cell activation in response to LPS in either wild-type or SYK-AQL–expressing cells. Thus, SYK is essential for coupling the BCR but not TLR4 to the activation of B cells.
Cultural attitudes to the aged: An Indian perspective
Authors: Gounden P. , Puckree T. 
Published: July 2019

Institutionalization of elderly Indians seems to have been increasing with the aging of the twentieth century. This paper looks at Indian thought and cultural practice with regard to the elderly in time perspective. Historically, although the main prescription to cultural practice and respect for the elderly came from the various Indian Scriptures, this was coloured by the specific needs of each society which changed when these societies were nomadic, settled farmers or were actively engaged in war. Later other factors like industrialization resulted in a breakdown of the extended family in which the father no matter how old or productive was the authority figure who demanded respect. This trend was also seen in published literature about the attitude of other nationalities towards their elderly. Health professionals have been grappling with the role of health care workers in achieving successful patients outcomes based on attitudes towards the elderly. More work needs to be done on this subject in this country.
Experiential Trips to Help Appalachian Students Persist toward Primary Degrees in the Sciences
Authors: Brosi Sunshine , Marietta Sky 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This note wrestles with the duality of embracing cultural tradition while expanding opportunities for women in the current educational era through a case study of an immersive January-term course for undergraduates. The course described was designed by two instructors and focused on traveling to a National Historic Site, which allowed exploration of intergenerational connections between women in the Appalachian region. The goal is a better understanding of how the past can inform the future, particularly in immersive educational experiences in Appalachian Kentucky.
AVALIAÇÃO DA ADEQUAÇÃO NUTRICIONAL E RESTO INGESTÃO EM UMA UNIDADE DE ALIMENTAÇÃO E NUTRIÇÃO NA REGIÃO DE BELO HORIZONTE/MG.
Authors: Silva Maitê Costa da , Souza Karine Juliana Leite Melo e , Lopes Juliana Cristina Câmara , Pinto Nísia Andrade Villela Dessimoni , Monteiro Márcia Regina Pereira 
Published: July 2019

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi descrever a adequação do consumo alimentar de alunos pertencentes a uma creche filantrópica do município de Belo Horizonte - MG. Para tanto, foi avaliado cardápio oferecido pela Unidade Produtora de Refeições- UPR da creche durante sete dias. Para a análise da rejeição, com o valor de resto per capita, foi utilizado o teste de aceitabilidade instituído pelo Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar- PNAE e para a avaliação da adequação do consumo alimentar foram anotadas todas as refeições servidas no dia e esses foram avaliados por meio do Software de Nutrição – Dietbox®. Os dados encontrados foram analisados através do Programa Microsoft Office Excel® 2003. A partir do estudo foi possível observar que na UPR o resto per capita avaliado apresentou 7% de rejeição no almoço e 6% no jantar, sendo que o índice de aceitabilidade deve ser de, no mínimo, 10 % de rejeição. Logo, a unidade se mantém dentro do recomendado. Em relação à disponibilidade média de energia, macronutrientes e micronutrientes não atingiu o recomendado, apresentando em média 50% de adequação ao recomendado pelo PNAE. Em relação à rejeição da alimentação escolar foi possível observar que a creche está dentro do padrão, no entanto, as necessidades nutricionais não foram atingidas. Verificou-se a importância no planejamento adequado dos cardápios e a adoção de práticas de educação nutricional para melhorar a adequação das necessidades nutricionais das crianças e reduzir a rejeição das refeições.
The Principles Established by the Recommendation CM/Rec(2017)5 on Standards for E-voting Applied to Other Channels of Remote Voting
Authors: Müller-Török Robert 
Published: July 2019

E-voting is highly suspicious to many citizens and institutions. Past pilot implementations ended before Supreme Courts and mostly not in favour of e-voting. Beside these political and legal battles regarding e-voting, postal voting seems to be commonly accepted and not in question. Motivated by a landmark ruling of the Austrian Constitutional Court in 2016, which led to the revocation of the run-off elections result due to irregularities with postal voting, this paper analyses whether current postal voting regulations and standards in Germany comply to the principles established by the latest Council of Europe (CoE) recommendation on standards for e-voting. Both voting channels are channels for remote voting, hence principles established for one channel must, in the view of the author, also be fully applicable for the other channel. This paper applies the standards set by the recommendation to e-voting to the more commonly used remote voting channel postal voting and concludes that most of these standards cannot be met.
Anonymizace osobních údajů v soudních rozhodnutích
Authors: Gealfow John Altair , May Christian 
Published: July 2019

Míra anonymizace osobních údajů obsažených v rozsudcích tuzemských soudů je značně nejednotná. Přístup jednotlivých soudů závisí na nejasných kritériích, často je patrné, že se soud jakožto povinný subjekt podle zákona o svobodném přístupu k informacím ani nepozastavil. Pomocí analýzy základních principů jednotlivých druhů soudního řízení a principů, na kterých je založeno právo na informace, ochrana osobních údajů a také filozofie ochrany základních práv, lze ovšem dojít k závěru o tom, jaká míra anonymizace se má v konkrétním případě zvolit. Tento článek kritizuje praxi českých soudů, které při zodpovídání žádostí na informace neprovádí žádné vyvažování práva na soukromí a práva na informace, namísto toho bez jakéhokoliv odůvodnění dogmaticky rozhodují na jednu či druhou stranu. Častěji na stranu, že je nutné trvat na úplné anonymizaci. Tento stav – nedostatek odůvodnění a selhání v rozpoznání kolize dvou základních práv, jež je nutné prostřednictvím testu proporcionality vyvažovat – je podle autorů článku porušením práva na informace.
Cost efficiency and financial situation of local governments in the Canary Isles during the recession
Authors: Prior Diego , Martín-Pinillos-Castellanos Ignacio , Pérez-López Gemma , Zafra-Gómez José L. 
Published: July 2019

This paper examines cost efficiency in the Spanish municipal public sector, in a specific geographic area (the Canary Isles, Spain), with respect to financial condition and different types of municipal debt. The study focuses on municipalities dependent on tourism and on the consequences to them of the Great Recession, doing so via a two-stage analysis. In the first, the order-m method is used to evaluate the cost efficiency of 77 Canary Isles municipalities, for the period 2008-12. In the second stage, we examine the effect produced on cost efficiency by different types of borrowing (long term, short term, financial and commercial) together with other financial, economic, political and quality variables, using the model developed by Simar and Wilson (2007), based on a truncated bootstrap regression with panel data. Empirical analysis shows that in times of crisis there is a significant relationship between the components of financial condition and cost efficiency. In conclusion, municipal cost efficiency increases with commercial debt, but decreases with financial debt. Furthermore, certain socioeconomic variables affect the levels of cost efficiency.
Este trabajo examina la eficiencia de costes para el caso particular del sector público municipal español, concretamente, para el caso de los municipios canarios, poniendo especial énfasis en áreas relacionadas con la condición financiera y diferentes tipologías de deuda, teniendo en cuenta las características propias que estos municipios poseen, como un índice turístico elevado. En primer lugar, se utiliza el método de orden m para evaluar la eficiencia de costes de 77 municipios de las Islas Canarias, para el período 2008-12. En la segunda etapa, examinamos el efecto producido en la eficiencia de costes por diferentes tipologías de endeudamiento (largo plazo, corto plazo, financiero y comercial) junto con otras variables financieras, económicas, políticas y de calidad, utilizando el modelo desarrollado por Simar y Wilson (2007), basado en una regresión truncada con datos de panel. Nuestro análisis empírico muestra que en tiempos de crisis existe una relación significativa entre los componentes de la condición financiera y la eficiencia de costes. En particular, concluye que mientras la eficiencia de los costes municipales aumenta con la deuda comercial, disminuye con la deuda financiera. Además, mostramos que ciertas variables socioeconómicas afectan los niveles de eficiencia de costes.
Aprendizaje de las mujeres en las redes sociales: Validación de la escala MAIA con PLS
Authors: Jiménez-Cortés Rocio 
Published: July 2019

Este artículo presenta un instrumento para medir el aprendizaje que se produce en redes sociales. En la literatura científica existen escasas medidas que permitan conocer los procesos de aprendizaje que tienen lugar en estos entornos digitales. El diseño de la escala se basa en la aplicación de la Teoría de la Actividad a las redes sociales (Heo y Lee 2013). Para la validación de la escala propuesta se parte de un estudio descriptivo tipo encuesta en el que participan 1 340 mujeres españolas, seleccionadas según un muestreo estratificado por cuotas, según edad. El análisis de datos combina técnicas exploratorias y confirmatorias usando SPSS (v. 24) y Smart PLS 3.0. Los resultados muestran altos indicadores de fiabilidad y validez de la escala. Este instrumento de evaluación es especialmente útil para determinar procesos de aprendizaje que se producen en este tipo de entornos digitales valorando en última instancia su incorporación a diversas estrategias formativas orientadas a la inclusión digital de mujeres.
This paper presents an instrument to measure the learning that occurs in social networks sites. In the scientific literature there are few measures that allow knowing the learning processes in these digital environments. The design of the scale is based on the application of the Theory of Activity to social networks sites (Heo and Lee, 2013). The validation of the proposed scale is based on a descriptive survey-type study in which 1340 Spanish women participate, selected according to a stratified sampling by quotas, according to age. The data analysis combines exploratory and confirmatory techniques using SPSS (v. 24) and Smart PLS 3.0. The results show high indicators of reliability and validity of the scale. This assessment tool is especially useful to determine learning processes that occur in this type of digital environments, ultimately valuing their incorporation into various training strategies for the digital inclusion of women.