bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Epidemiology, Demography, Treatment (Surgery and Radiotherapy), and Survival Between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and Non‐Indigenous Women With Cervical Cancer in NSW, Australia in 2009–2018
Authors: Jacob Susannah , Gabriel Gabriel , Yap Mei Ling , Vinod Shalini , Griffiths Kalinda , Sheehan David , Anderson Susan , Delaney Geoff 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundHealth outcomes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Australia are significantly worse than in the non‐Indigenous population.AimTo evaluate demographic factors and treatment (surgery and radiotherapy) rates for cervical cancer and to compare these between the Aboriginal and non‐Aboriginal populations to identify any differences in outcomes or modifiable treatment differences between the populations.MethodsRetrospective cohort analysis of all patients in the state of New South Wales, Australia, diagnosed with cervical cancer between 2009 and 2018 using linked registry, treatment, and death data.ResultsThe crude incidence rate for cervical cancer in Aboriginal women in NSW (17.29/100,000) was more than double the rate among non‐Aboriginal women (6.77/100,000). Aboriginal women were diagnosed with cervical cancer, including metastatic disease, at a younger age. There was no significant difference in presentation stage, surgery or radiotherapy treatment rates, or overall survival at 5 years between the two populations.ConclusionAlthough access to cancer care looks similar as an aggregate in Aboriginal versus non‐Aboriginal populations, there were disparities with reduced access to care (patients who did not receive either radiotherapy or surgery) among Aboriginal patients who were socioeconomically disadvantaged or residing in remote areas. The lower age of cancer diagnosis among Aboriginal women may have effects on survivorship, including negative effects on fertility, loss of income, and other personal, social, and economic consequences. Efforts to improve access to care, including screening, diagnosis, and treatment, should be targeted toward younger Aboriginal women and those who are socioeconomically disadvantaged or those residing in remote areas.
EP300‐interacting inhibitor of differentiation 3 is required for spermatogenesis in mice
Authors: Zhang Ping , Zhang Longsheng , Yu Li , Zhou Xinli , Chen Xu , Zhou Yuchuan , Wang Ningling , Zhu Hui 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundMammalian spermatogenesis is a highly complex process of cell proliferation, meiosis, and differentiation. A series of genes are expressed in an orderly and precise manner to ensure spermatogenesis, with chromatin undergoing intricate changes throughout. EP300‐interacting inhibitor of differentiation 3 (Eid3) is a testis‐enriched gene, but its role in male reproduction remains unclear.ObjectiveTo investigate the role of EID3 in male spermatogenesis and explore the potential underlying mechanism.Materials and MethodsWe generated Eid3 knockout mouse model using the CRISPR‐Cas9 system. We measured the expression of EID3 in mouse tissues and testicular cell populations by qRT‐PCR and western blot. Histological analysis, including hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and periodic acid‐Schiff (PAS) staining, together with computer‐assisted sperm analysis (CASA), were performed to evaluate the effect of EID3 on spermatogenesis in mice. Light and ultrastructural microscopy were used to evaluate the morphology and structure of the Eid3−/− spermatozoa. We used western blot and immunofluorescence to further analyze the function of EID3 in spermiogenesis.ResultsEid3−/− mouse showed a significant decrease in sperm count, motility, and morphology. Loss of EID3 impaired the normal meiotic process and induced apoptosis of abnormally developing spermatocytes, ultimately resulting in the decrease of sperm cell number. Additionally, EID3 deficiency led to a decrease in histone acetylation levels in spermatids, impaired histone‐to‐protamine transition and chromatin condensation process, and ultimately resulted in abnormal sperm morphology.Discussion and ConclusionsThis study confirms for the first time that EID3 is crucial for meiosis and chromatin condensation during spermatogenesis, and EID3 deficiency leads to a significant decrease in sperm parameters. Given the high expression paradigm of Eid3 in human testis, EID3 likely plays a role in human reproduction. Future research could provide a new target for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of male infertility.
Effect of couplet care on early parent–infant closeness among preterm infants
Authors: Itoshima Ryo , Korhonen Kalle , Axelin Anna , Ahlqvist‐Björkroth Sari , Hovi Anna , Lehtonen Liisa 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimTo evaluate the effect of couplet care on parent–infant closeness among preterm infants.MethodsA comparison study in a Level III neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) before and after the introduction of couplet care, including stabilising infants in the delivery unit for early skin‐to‐skin contact, providing mothers' postpartum care in the infant's room and providing the father's bed in the infant's room. The study included parents of preterm infants born below 35 weeks.ResultsParents of 40 and 66 infants were included before and after couplet care was introduced, respectively. In the linear regression model, the first skin‐to‐skin contact happened significantly earlier after the introduction than before: mean 4.0 vs. 24.0 h after birth and mean difference −18.5 (95% confidence interval −34.8 to −2.1). A larger proportion of infants received their first skin‐to‐skin contact within 2 h after birth after the introduction than before (45.5% vs. 8.6%; odds ratio 13.8 [3.6–62.8]). At least one parent was present in the infant's NICU room longer after the introduction than before (mean 21.2 vs. 10.8 h per day; mean difference 10.8 [9.1–12.4]).ConclusionCouplet care significantly increased parent–infant closeness during the first weeks of life.
Characteristics and outcome of 73 dogs with iron EDTA molluscicide ingestion in Melbourne, Australia (2013–2019)
Authors: Lauinger CA , Wright L , Smart L 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionThe objective of this study was to describe the clinical features, treatments and outcomes of dogs with iron ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) molluscicide ingestion. We aimed to identify potential predictors of serum iron concentration >54 μmol/L; a cut‐off recommended for initiating treatment of human iron toxicosis.MethodsMedical records across four veterinary hospitals (2013–2019) for dogs with known or suspected iron EDTA molluscicide ingestion were reviewed for signalment, clinical signs, clinicopathological data, treatment regimens and outcomes. Clinical signs of dogs with serum iron concentrations either below or above a cut‐off of 54 μmol/L were compared using Fisher's exact test. Association between serum iron and urine discolouration was tested using logistic regression.ResultsSeventy‐three dogs were included. The most frequent characteristic was abnormal faeces (n = 47, 64%) as determined by rectal examination, with more dogs that had serum iron >54 μmol/L showing this clinical sign (24/35), compared to dogs with serum iron <54 μmol/L (4/13) (P = 0.025). Clinicopathologic abnormalities included increased base excess (n = 20/49, 20%), hyperglycaemia (n = 13/57, 23%) and hyperlactataemia (n = 12/57, 21%). Fifty‐four dogs received deferoxamine chelation (74%), during which 25/42 (60%) dogs had discoloured urine despite all dogs having subsequent iron concentrations <54 μmol/L. Admission serum iron concentration was associated with urine discolouration during hospitalisation (odds ratio 1.046, 95% confidence interval 1.008–1.107, P = 0.011). Sixty‐nine dogs (95%) survived to discharge, with 10 dogs (14%) transferred to another veterinarian.ConclusionsIron EDTA molluscicide ingestion caused predominantly gastrointestinal clinical signs, and abnormal faeces, as well as urine discolouration during chelation therapy, which may indicate an elevation of serum iron concentration on presentation. Outcome was excellent.
Discriminability around polytomous knowledge structures and polytomous functions
Authors: Ge Xun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe discriminability in polytomous KST was introduced by Stefanutti et al. (Journal of Mathematical Psychology, 2020, 94, 102306). As the interesting topic in polytomous KST, this paper discusses the discriminability around granular polytomous knowledge spaces, polytomous knowledge structures, polytomous surmising functions and polytomous skill functions. More precisely, this paper gives some equivalences between the discriminability of polytomous surmising functions (resp. polytomous skill functions) and the discriminability of granular polytomous knowledge spaces (resp. polytomous knowledge structures). Such findings open the field to a systematic generalization of the discriminability in KST to the polytomous case.
Diagnosis and typing of leukemia using a single peripheral blood cell through deep learning
Authors: Yan Geng , Mingyang Gao , Wei Shi , Hongping Liang , Liyuan Qin , Ailan Liu , Xiaomei Kong , Huilan Zhao , Juanjuan Zhao , Yan Qiang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLeukemia is highly heterogeneous, meaning that different types of leukemia require different treatments and have different prognoses. Current clinical diagnostic and typing tests are complex and time‐consuming. In particular, all of these tests rely on bone marrow aspiration, which is invasive and leads to poor patient compliance, exacerbating treatment delays. Morphological analysis of peripheral blood cells (PBC) is still primarily used to distinguish between benign and malignant hematologic disorders, but it remains a challenge to diagnose and type these diseases solely by direct observation of peripheral blood(PB) smears by human experts. In this study, we apply a segmentation‐based enhanced residual network that uses progressive multigranularity training with jigsaw patches. It is trained on a self‐built annotated dataset of 21,208 images from 237 patients, including five types of benign white blood cells(WBCs) and eight types of leukemic cells. The network is not only able to discriminate between benign and malignant cells, but also to typify leukemia using a single peripheral blood cell. The network effectively differentiated acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) from other types of acute myeloid leukemia (non‐APL), achieving a precision rate of 89.34%, a recall rate of 97.37%, and an F1 score of 93.18% for APL. In contrast, for non‐APL cases, the model achieved a precision rate of 92.86%, but a recall rate of 74.63% and an F1 score of 82.75%. In addition, the model discriminates acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL) with the Ph chromosome from those without. This approach could improve patient compliance and enable faster and more accurate typing of leukemias for early diagnosis and treatment to improve survival.
Women's property rights equality and entrepreneurial activity
Authors: O’Reilly Colin , Sheehan Kathleen M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractEntrepreneurship is shaped by institutions. However, past research has largely assumed that everyone has equal property rights even though women often operate under a different property rights structure and have fewer legal rights than men. We fill a gap in the literature by examining how the property rights of women impacts female entrepreneurship in a panel countries using data on property rights from the Economic Freedom of the World dataset and data on entrepreneurship from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. We find that better protection of property rights for women is associated with more the female entrepreneurship relative to male entrepreneurship.
Enhancing coloration performance and colour fastness of nano‐pigment ink‐jet‐printed blended fabrics through cationic and water‐repellent surface modification
Authors: Zhu Chenlu , Zhang Zhichang , Wang Ni , Ding Yi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe coloration performance and colour fastness properties, crucial for industrial textile printing, depend on the spreading and fixation behaviour of ink‐jet droplets on porous fabrics. Current nano‐pigment‐based ink‐jet applications provide unstable results for these properties, especially for synthetic and blended fabrics. This study focuses on cellulose‐based blended fabrics as substrates to modify the wetting properties of fabrics through cationic and water‐repellent treatments, to improve the coloration performance and colour fastness systematically. The study conducted analytical experiments to analyse the surface element composition, ion potential and surface morphology of the fabrics. Differences in printing colour and pattern performance were attributed to the behaviour of ink droplet spreading on the fabric surface and inside the fabric, including wetting time, colourant distribution, and ring shape. The results indicate that ink droplet spreading on fabrics significantly influences printing pattern sharpness, including edge clarity and colour intensity, which can be improved through surface modification, including cationic and water repellent treatment. The use of blended fabrics treated with 1% cationic modifier and 0.05% fluorine‐containing water repellent resulted in effective suppression of droplet formation and significant enhancement of colour performance and fastness. Furthermore, as the ink droplet volume decreased from 5 to 1 μL, the coffee ring effect on the fabric treated with the water repellent agent gradually diminished, leading to improved printing sharpness during the printing process.
Differential effect of grassland mowing on arthropod taxa
Authors: Künast Robert , Weisser Wolfgang W. , Seibold Sebastian , Mayr David , Siegmüller Nils , Schneider Iris , Westenrieder Martin , Blüthgen Nico , Staab Michael , Meyer Sebastian T. , Achury Rafael 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Arthropods face a global decline attributed to habitat loss, climate change, pesticide use, and an intensification of land‐use practices such as mowing. Studies on the effects of mowing on arthropod abundance showed conflicting results potentially due to multiple factors, including study design, grassland management, sampling method, and arthropod taxon studied.
We conducted four studies in different grasslands, including intensively and extensively used agricultural and urban grasslands, utilising sweep netting, suction sampling, and pitfall traps. We compared the mowing responses of arthropod taxa between those studies at three different taxonomic resolutions (first‐level overall arthropods, second‐level orders, and third‐level families and suborders).
First, we discovered that mowing had a negative effect on overall arthropod abundance in all our studies (first level). Second, our four studies found that seven second‐ and third‐level taxa showed only negative, four only positive, and four mixed positive and negative responses. Third, regarding taxonomic resolution, no third‐level taxon reacted differently to mowing compared to the second‐level taxon it belongs to.
Our results indicate that for some taxa, mowing has a consistent negative (e.g. Diptera) or positive effects (e.g. Coleoptera). We suggest those groups have uniform phenological traits that make them especially vulnerable to mowing. For taxa showing mixed responses, we expect that study‐dependent factors such as region, sampling method, and grassland management affect their response to mowing.
Safety and Efficacy of Teclistamab in Patients With Relapsed or Refractory AL Amyloidosis
Authors: Stalker Margaret , Garfall Alfred , Cohen Adam , Vogl Dan T. , Djulbegovic Mia , Susanibar‐Adaniya Sandra , Stadtmauer Edward , Megherea Oxana , Waxman Adam J. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionTeclistamab has demonstrated deep responses in patients with multiple myeloma in the MajesTEC‐1 study. However, the safety and efficacy of teclistamab in patients with AL amyloidosis are unknown.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed patients with biopsy‐proven relapsed/refractory AL amyloidosis who were treated with teclistamab from December 2022 to February 2024 at the University of Pennsylvania. The data cutoff was 2/29/24. Adverse events (AE) were extracted from the electronic medical record. Patients were assessed for hematologic and organ response per consensus guidelines.ResultsEight patients were included in this case series: median age 63 (range 59–67), 75% female, 88% White. All eight patients achieved at least very good partial response (VGPR) and had normalization of free light chains (FLC), and six (75%) patients achieved undetectable FLC levels. Of the six patients with immunofixation completed, all six (100%) achieved hematologic complete response (hCR). The median time to hematologic VGPR and hCR was 13 days (range 12–18 days) and 88 days (range 32–150 days), respectively. The median duration of follow‐up was 8.5 months (range 1–14 months). Of the five patients with cardiac involvement, four (80%) achieved a cardiac response. Of the seven patients with renal involvement, two patients already achieved renal response prior to teclistamab, and of the remaining five, three (60%) achieved renal response. Six patients (75%) developed low‐grade cytokine release syndrome (CRS). No patients developed ICANS. Neutropenia and AKI both occurred in 25% of patients, respectively.ConclusionsIn this series of patients, teclistamab showed outstanding depth of response and was well‐tolerated. Teclistamab shows promise in treating patients with relapsed AL amyloidosis.
Easily mobilized metals and acidity in acid sulfate soils across the Swedish coastal plains
Authors: Nyman Alexandra , Boman Anton , Johnson Anders , Dopson Mark , Åström Mats E. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAcid sulfate soils are found globally and have significant environmental impact as a source for metals and acidity to surrounding streams that can cause, for example, large‐scale fish kills. In the face of changing climate and its effect on groundwater fluctuations, the environmental risk associated with these soils needs to be thoroughly investigated. This study examined the water‐soluble concentrations of multiple elements from the oxidized, transition and reduced zones of acid sulfate soil profiles situated on the Swedish coastal plains. By comparing untreated (naturally oxidized in field) and incubated samples from these zones, we gain insight into the current and near‐future mobilization and leaching of acidity and metals that occur in these soils. The results showed that concentrations of Al, Cd, Co, Mn, Ni, S and Zn mobilized from incubated samples were about an order of magnitude higher than from the untreated samples. Notably, the concentrations of mobilized Co, Mn and Ni were higher than released by 1 M HCl at the same sites, highlighting the particularly high mobility of these metals from in situ oxidation of acid sulfate soils. Conversely, Fe and Cu showed lower than expected water‐soluble concentrations and were also low compared to the 1 M HCl‐extractable element concentrations, likely due to rapid re‐mobilization of secondary Fe minerals. Arsenic, Cr and Pb showed overall low water‐soluble concentrations in both the incubated and untreated samples, consistent with these elements not being abundantly leached from acid sulfate soils. This observation was further supported by the retention of these metals in secondary Fe‐mineral phases such as jarosite and schwertmannite as reported in previous studies. A strong correlation between acidity and near‐total S indicated that S can serve as an indicator for the acidification risks associated with acid sulfate soil oxidation. Overall, the findings demonstrated that even a small lowering of the groundwater table can lead to significant mobilization of metals and acidity. This highlights the increased risks of environmental degradation in the face of climate change and intensified drainage operations and, thus, the need for proper management to reduce the risks.
Venture Capital and Vulnerability: Navigating Natural Disasters and Investment Resilience
Authors: Huang Chen , Zhang Aoran , Zhang Mengyu , Zhao Yunfei 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis study examines the impact of natural disasters on venture capital (VC) investment decisions. Using 47 catastrophic natural disasters occurred in the United States from 1990 to 2019, our empirical analysis reveals a significant reduction in VC investments in disaster zones. Additionally, natural disasters negatively influence VC exit strategies, reducing the likelihood and extending the time to successful exits via IPOs. However, we find that green VCs are more likely to invest in disaster‐affected areas, indicating potential resilience through green technological innovation. Our findings emphasize sustainability and disaster mitigation, and offer valuable insights for policymakers and investors amidst rising climate uncertainties.
The Role of Employability Development Opportunities in Closing the Social Gap in the Finance Sector: A Case Study of a Post‐1992 UK Business School
Authors: Ayton Julie , Belcher Daniel , Hristov Gerasim , Snijders Sylvia 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAmid growing concerns about social mobility in Britain's higher education system, our study delves into universities' role in addressing the social gap within the financial and professional services sectors. The social reproduction theory underscores how upper‐class students often benefit from greater exposure to dominant cultural and educational practices, providing them with a competitive advantage in navigating the higher education landscape. To combat these challenges, Higher Education Institutions (HEI) have invested heavily in Employability Development Opportunities (EDOs). Drawing on primary data from finance and accounting students and employability officers at one of these HEIs, our research aims to investigate which EDOs are perceived as most relevant for students to succeed in the financial and professional services industry. First, we confirm that both work experience and real‐life activities are most valuable and unavoidable, prompting business schools to include compulsory exposure to the finance industry as part of the curriculum. Second, we find that career development activities are useful as a starting point but not enough for students to secure an internship. Finally, while previous literature shows that extra‐curricular activities do not significantly impact student employability, we argue that some of these activities, for example, the Finance Society, are as valuable as real‐world exposure. Indeed, the Finance Society was found to be the most helpful source of information, advice and networking for finance students.
Estimating hair density with XGBoost
Authors: Wang Yi‐Fan , Hsu Mei‐Hua , Wang Max Yue‐Feng , Lin Jun‐Wei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectivesHair density estimation is crucial in dermatology and trichology; however, manual counting is time‐consuming and error‐prone. Although automated approaches have been developed using image processing, neural networks, and deep learning, creating a robust and widely applicable method remains challenging. This study explored the use of XGBoost to estimate hair density with the aim of developing a more accurate and versatile approach.MethodsThe study utilized 895 scalp images to extract features and developed an XGBoost model for hair density estimation using 745 images to train the model and testing its performance on 150 images to evaluate the accuracy, error rate, and scatter plot.ResultsThe XGBoost model outperformed previous methods, achieving 89.5% accuracy on the training set and 95.3% accuracy on the test set. This surpassed the results of Kim et al. (52.4%), Urban et al. (79.6%), and Sacha et al. (88.2%) for the test set.ConclusionThe XGBoost algorithm proved to be effective for automated hair density estimation, achieving an accuracy of 95.3% on the test set. This approach, which focusses on scalp coverage and erosion features, can streamline and improve the objectivity of clinical hair analysis.