bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Les habitudes ont la vie dure, parfois : histoire et politisation de la fonction publique en Europe
Authors: Sass Mikkelsen Kim 
Published: December 2018

Dans cet article, nous allons examiner les liens entre systèmes administratifs historiques et politisation de la fonction publique à travers l’Europe. Selon moi, pour apprécier le rôle du passé, nous devons examiner les marchés bureaucratiques conclus entre les responsables politiques et les hauts fonctionnaires. Ce faisant, nous mettons en évidence des liens plus complexes entre systèmes administratifs passés et présents : l’existence d’une structure administrative bureaucratique au XVIII e siècle – par opposition à une structure patrimoniale – est une condition nécessaire à l’existence actuelle de bureaucraties ministérielles non politisées dans les pays d’Europe occidentale. Toutefois, ce lien ne se vérifie pas en Europe centrale et orientale, où l’histoire des systèmes administratifs est marquée par des turbulences et des ruptures. En m’appuyant sur des données issues de différentes sources européennes, j’apporte des éléments de preuve pour étayer ces hypothèses. Remarques à l’intention des praticiens Cet article s’adresse aux responsables politiques qui sont chargés de réformer les politiques du personnel au sein de l’administration. J’y examine l’influence de l’histoire sur les réformes considérées comme politiquement attrayantes, ainsi que les limites de cette influence. Mon hypothèse est que le type de structure administrative en place au XVIII e siècle détermine la mesure dans laquelle les nominations à caractère politique constituent un outil politiquement attrayant pour contrôler l’administration. Je montre que seuls les pays qui présentaient une structure administrative bureaucratique au XVIII e siècle – par opposition à une structure patrimoniale – voient aujourd’hui leurs postes de hauts fonctionnaires ministériels occupés par des personnels permanents, et non par des personnels nommés sur des critères politiques. Dans les pays d’Europe centrale et orientale, en revanche, le passé lointain n’exerce pas autant d’influence sur la prévalence des nominations à caractère politique du fait des turbulences qui ont marqué l’histoire administrative de cette région.
Expérimenter les ambiances sous-marines par l’architecture ?
Authors: Camus Christophe 
Published: December 2018

Comment expérimenter la possibilité de vivre au fond des mers en mobilisant les ressources de l’architecture ? L’article compare différentes manières d’expérimenter les ambiances rencontrées au sein du monde sous-marin, à partir d’une recherche sur les maisons sous-marines réalisées entre le début des années 1960 et le milieu des années 1980. La première partie dresse un panorama des enjeux de la colonisation du fond des océans afin d’examiner les motivations de différentes démarches d’expérimentation d’habitats sous-marins, qu’elles adoptent une approche technique ou architecturale. La deuxième partie interroge le récit que fait l’un des pionniers, Robert Sténuit, de son séjour dans la première maison sous-marine immergée par Edwin Link en 1962. La troisième partie analyse la scénarisation des ambiances d’un village sous-marin, au design et à l’architecture très soignés, que Jacques-Yves Cousteau immerge et filme en 1963. La dernière partie de cet article restitue la démarche de l’architecte Jacques Rougerie, de ses recherches des principes fondateurs d’une architecture subaquatique à ses premières maisons sous-marines revendiquant une attention aux ambiances produites par cet environnement.
The Goldilocks Zone of Type I IFNs: Lessons from Human Genetics
Authors: Taft Justin , Bogunovic Dusan 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Type I IFNs (IFN-Is) are powerful cytokines. They provide remarkable protection against viral infections, but their indiscriminate production causes severe self-inflicted damage that can be lethal, particularly in early development. In humans, inappropriately high IFN-I levels caused by defects in the regulatory mechanisms that control IFN-I production and response result in clinical conditions known as type I interferonopathies. In essence, type I interferonopathies define the upper limit of safe, IFN-related inflammation in vivo. Conversely, the loss of IFN-I responsiveness increases susceptibility to viral infections, but, surprisingly, most affected individuals survive despite these inborn errors of immunity. These findings suggest that too much IFN-I early in life is toxic, but that insensitivity to IFN-I is perhaps not the death sentence it was initially thought to be. Human genetic analyses have suggested that seemingly insignificant levels of IFN-regulated gene activity may be sufficient for most of the antiviral defenses used by humans in natura.
Characterization of Mauritian Cynomolgus Macaque FcγR Alleles Using Long-Read Sequencing
Authors: Haj Amelia K. , Arbanas Jaren M. , Yamniuk Aaron P. , Karl Julie A. , Bussan Hailey E. , Drinkwater Kenneth Y. , Graham Michael E. , Ericsen Adam J. , Prall Trent M. , Moore Kristina , Cheng Lin , Gao Mian , Graziano Robert F. , Loffredo John T. , Wiseman Roger W. , O’Connor David H. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The FcγRs are immune cell surface proteins that bind IgG and facilitate cytokine production, phagocytosis, and Ab-dependent, cell-mediated cytotoxicity. FcγRs play a critical role in immunity; variation in these genes is implicated in autoimmunity and other diseases. Cynomolgus macaques are an excellent animal model for many human diseases, and Mauritian cynomolgus macaques (MCMs) are particularly useful because of their restricted genetic diversity. Previous studies of MCM immune gene diversity have focused on the MHC and killer cell Ig-like receptor. In this study, we characterize FcγR diversity in 48 MCMs using PacBio long-read sequencing to identify novel alleles of each of the four expressed MCM FcγR genes. We also developed a high-throughput FcγR genotyping assay, which we used to determine allele frequencies and identify FcγR haplotypes in more than 500 additional MCMs. We found three alleles for FcγR1A, seven each for FcγR2A and FcγR2B, and four for FcγR3A; these segregate into eight haplotypes. We also assessed whether different FcγR alleles confer different Ab-binding affinities by surface plasmon resonance and found minimal difference in binding affinities across alleles for a panel of wild type and Fc-engineered human IgG. This work suggests that although MCMs may not fully represent the diversity of FcγR responses in humans, they may offer highly reproducible results for mAb therapy and toxicity studies.
Nitrate formation from heterogeneous uptake of dinitrogen pentoxide during a severe winter haze in southern China
Authors: Yun Hui , Wang Weihao , Wang Tao , Xia Men , Yu Chuan , Wang Zhe , Poon Steven C. N. , Yue Dingli , Zhou Yan 
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Nitrate (NO3-) has become a major component of fine particulate matter
(PM2.5) during hazy days in China. However, the role of the
heterogeneous reactions of dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5) in
nitrate formation is not well constrained. In January 2017, a severe haze
event occurred in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) of southern China during which
high levels of PM2.5 (∼400 µg m−3) and
O3 (∼160 ppbv) were observed at a semi-rural site (Heshan)
in the western PRD. Nitrate concentrations reached 108 µg m−3
(1 h time resolution), and the contribution of nitrate to PM2.5 was
nearly 40 %. Concurrent increases in NO3- and
ClNO2 (with a maximum value of 8.3 ppbv at a 1 min time
resolution) were observed in the first several hours after sunset, indicating
an intense N2O5 heterogeneous uptake by aerosols.
The formation potential of NO3- via N2O5 heterogeneous reactions was
estimated to be between 29.0 and 77.3 µg m−3 in the early
hours (2 to 6 h) after sunset based on the measurement data, which could
completely explain the measured increase in the NO3-
concentration during the same time period. Daytime production of nitric acid
from the gas-phase reaction of OH+NO2 was calculated
with a chemical box model built using the Master Chemical Mechanism
(MCM v3.3.1) and constrained by the measurement data. The integrated
nocturnal nitrate formed via N2O5 chemistry was comparable to or
even higher than the nitric acid formed during the day. This study confirms
that N2O5 heterogeneous chemistry was a significant source of
aerosol nitrate during hazy days in southern China.
The Effect of Telerehabilitation on Missed Appointment Rates
Authors: Covert Lyn T. , Slevin John T. , Hatterman Jessica 
Published: December 2018

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of telerehabilitation on missed appointment rates in a rehabilitation clinic. Clients fail to attend scheduled appointments for a variety of reasons. Unmet appointments represent a loss of financial support as well as diminished efficiency and capacity to provide services. Speech therapy utilizing multiple appointments is most difficult to maintain during a treatment regimen. This may cause individuals to miss appointments and therefore not achieve desired results. For this study, researchers utilized an intense speech therapy technique, the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT®) to measure compliance with scheduled appointments. Participants were randomized to either in-person treatment or telerehabilitation treatment at a site distant from the speech-language pathologist. Participants in the telerehabilitation (TR) condition completed significantly more appointments than participants in the in-person (IP) condition. When comparing results of treatment for each condition, there were no significant differences in outcome whether treated in the IP or TR condition of the study for monologue and picture description tasks, which are closely associated with conversational speech. There was a difference in the reading task with participants demonstrating significantly better post treatment results in the IP condition. The reason for this disparity is unclear and warrants further study.
La LOC y la educación en principios mediante la mediación social ecuatoriana en las prácticas comunicativas digitales.
Authors: Mora Fernández Jorge Ignacio , Ortíz Vizuete Fernando Herminio , Ávila Solano Bolívar , Romero Galarza Armando 
Published: December 2018

Esta investigación tiene como objeto el estudio de cómo la LOC, Ley Orgánica de Comunicación vigente, Registro Oficial No22, 25 junio 2013, está generando una influencia importante en el cambio social de las prácticas comunicativas digitales y el ciberperiodismo. El artículo recoge como la práctica de la LOC estableció el contexto comunicativo legal para el diálogo sobre derechos humanos, principios y valores democráticos en Ecuador. Para ello se observó metódicamente la primera página de diarios digitales ecuatorianos del periodo semanal del 12 al 16 Enero de 2015 para concluir como las noticias mantenían o no el respeto de los principios comprendidos en los artículos de la LOC.
Queixas técnicas submetidas ao Sistema de Notificação e Investigação em Vigilância Sanitária
Authors: Belincanta Mariana , Rossaneis Mariana Angela , Matsuda Laura Misue , Dias Alexsandro De Oliveira , Haddad Maria do Carmo Lourenço 
Published: December 2018

Objetivou-seavaliar as queixas técnicas submetidas ao Sistema de Notificação e Investigação em Vigilância Sanitária entre 2006 a 2014. Pesquisa documental, transversal, quantitativa de um banco de dados secundário público. Identificou-se que das 245.940 notificações encaminhadas, 109.311 eram referentes a queixas técnicas. A região Sudeste apresentou maior repasse de informações (53,5%) e a região Norte maior diferença na quantidade de notificações entre os Estados (coeficiente de variação= 159,2), seguida pela região Nordeste (coeficiente de variação= 124,8). A maioria dos casos de notificações foram de artigos médico-hospitalares (53,09%) e o equipo foi o produto mais notificado (19%). O risco à saúde do paciente foi identificado em 56.777 casos, com maior frequência quanto aos materiais de baixo ou médio risco. Os hospitais da Rede Sentinela foram os principais notificadores. No período analisado houve aumento anual gradativo no número de notificações de queixas técnicas, principalmente de artigos-médico-hospitalares utilizados em procedimentos invasivos.
A terra como bem-comum na memória do Direito brasileiro
Authors: Regina Martini Sandra , Chiari Gonçalves Vanessa , Bruna de Oliveira Simões Bárbara 
Published: December 2018

O artigo trata da terra, memória e direito com o objetivo de reconsiderar a terra como bem comum da humanidade, as referências jurídico políticas e sociais utilizadas são as brasileiras até a década de 80, pois entendemos que a nova Constituição embora apresente avanços significativos, não é suficiente para enfrentar a complexidade do direito ao bem comum terra. O direito precisa retomar a memória para cumprir sua função de evitar e compor conflitos, ou seja, o direito tem uma função preventiva, deve operar prevenindo e compondo conflitos advindos das mais diversas instâncias, em especial, neste artigo, dos Movimentos Sociais, sem os quais não é possível pensar na terra como bem da comunidade, pois são os movimentos sociais que trazem para o cenário jurídico-político a conflitualidade da sociedade, por isso são sistemas autoreferenciais de comunicação, que se inserem nos sistemas jurídico e político como reação da própria sociedade diferenciada funcionalmente. Assim, constrói-se a ideia de terra como um bem comum da humanidade, passando pela cooperação entre o local e o global.
Abstract
The article deals with land, memory and law with the objective of reconsidering land as a common good of humanity, the legal and political references used are Brazilian until the 1980s, since we understand that the new Constitution does is sufficient to face the complexity of the right to the common good land. The law needs to retake the memory to fulfill its function of avoiding and composing conflicts, that is, the right has a preventive function, it must operate preventing and composing conflicts arising from the most diverse instances, especially in this article of the Social Movements, without which it is not possible to think of the land as a community good, because it is the social movements that bring to the juridical-political scenario the conflict of the society, for that reason they are self-referential systems of communication, that are inserted in the legal and political systems as a reaction of the own society functionally differentiated. Thus, the idea of land is constructed as a common good of humanity, through the cooperation between local and global.
Verdad y derecho: la prueba en el proceso de usucapión
Authors: Manuel Fernández Avalos Amado 
Published: December 2018

Resumen: Todos los procesos, buscan enlazar la verdad jurídica con la real, pero no siempre es así, si bien la intención está firme pero no se reúnen ciertos presupuestos jurídicos que hagan guardar armonía a ambos. El objetivo cardinal del presente artículo es la de abordar y responder una serie de interrogantes que subyacen en el proceso de usucapión. En tal sentido, se aludirá a ciertos medios de prueba que hacen al proceso de usucapión una verdadera lucha dominial en un contexto actual donde la propiedad encuentra una acogida constitucional de amplia tutela. Las respuestas se basaron —necesariamente— en el Derecho positivo nacional y en la doctrina tanto autóctona como foránea. El resultado es que el caso del proceso usucaptivo, es el modelo de la falta de coherencia entre la verdad jurídica y real, conclusión ésta a la que nos ha conducido la presente labor.

Resumo: Todos os processos procuram ligar a verdade jurídica à real, mas nem sempre é assim, embora a intenção seja firme, mas certos pressupostos legais que harmonizam ambos não são cumpridos. O objetivo principal deste artigo é abordar e responder a uma série de perguntas que fundamentam o processo de usucapião. Nesse sentido, será feita referência a certos meios de evidência que tornam o processo de usucapião uma verdadeira luta dominante em um contexto atual em que a propriedade encontra uma recepção constitucional de ampla tutela. As respostas basearam-se - necessariamente - no direito positivo nacional e na doutrina nativa e estrangeira. O resultado é que o caso do processo usucaptivo é o modelo da falta de coerência entre a verdade legal e a real, conclusão a que o presente trabalho nos conduziu.
IMPACTOS AMBIENTAIS EM NASCENTE URBANA: ESTUDO DE UM TRECHO DO CÓRREGO CATINGUEIRO EM ANÁPOLIS/GO
Authors: ÁVILA ADRIANA SOUSA NASCIMENTO , FERNANDES LEONARDO BOTOSSO , CARNEIRO VANDERVILSON ALVES 
Published: December 2018

Com o aumento da população urbana no Brasil verifica-se um crescimento nas demandas hídricas, repercutindo na degradação dos mananciais. No caso específico de Anápolis, o crescimento desordenado do sitio urbano evidenciou a problemática da ocupação irregular em áreas de nascentes. Esse é o caso do córrego Catingueiro, que está localizado na região oeste da cidade. A expansão da cidade nas cabeceiras deste córrego afetou diretamente a qualidade hídrica desse manancial, sendo as consequências ainda mais preocupantes, pois o mesmo é um dos principais afluentes da bacia do Ribeirão João Leite que é o manancial responsável pelo abastecimento público da Região Metropolitana de Goiânia. Buscou-se com essa pesquisa avaliar as condições ambientais de um trecho na sub-bacia do córrego Catingueiro a fim de identificar os impactos ambientais negativos e sua relação com a expansão urbana, bem como, verificar as mudanças ocorridas ao longo desses anos através da comparação com os estudos prévios. Os procedimentos para o desenvolvimento desse estudo foram vistorias in loco, no trecho do córrego Catingueiro, a fim de verificar a situação atual das nascentes, evidenciar os principais impactos ambientais, realizar o registro fotográfico e entrevista informal com os moradores do local. Também foi necessário levantamento bibliográfico em livros e artigos científicos, para estabelecer as definições e conceitos relacionados ao trabalho e apresentar as discussões pertinentes ao tema proposto. Verificou-se que a área de estudo continua bastante degradada e que os impactos socioambientais, como nascentes aterradas, sulcos e ravinas, ausência de mata ciliar entre outros, ainda estão presentes na atualidade, no entanto, em alguns locais houve revitalização da mata ciliar bem como constatou-se uma maior exigência dos órgãos públicos em renovar licenças ambientais para as indústrias de extração de argila na APA (Área de Proteção Ambiental) do Ribeirão João Leite.
A Cave, a Village, and the Sea in Between: Community Outreach Efforts in the Southern Argolid
Authors: Stroulia Anna 
Published: December 2018

AbstractFranchthi Cave, a prehistoric site in southern Greece, became the target of archaeological excavation in the 1960s and 1970s. For the last five decades, archaeologists have been analyzing the excavated material and piecing together what life was like for the cave's prehistoric inhabitants. In this article, I turn away from the archaeological analyses and interpretations. I focus, instead, on the people who live in the nearby fishing village of Kilada and have been in constant visual, conceptual, and/or physical interaction with the cave. I explore the local people's experiences and understandings of the cave, discuss their perspectives on the archaeologists who excavated it, and tell the story of the attempts we archaeologists have made (and un-made) to connect with the local community. I have deliberately chosen a personal and somewhat poetic writing style to best convey my own engagement with the people of Kilada as well as my personal growth as a public archaeologist.
The Role of Conservation in the Production of Urban Space in Acre, Israel
Authors: Naaman Yael Fuhrmann , Nitzan-Shiftan Alona , Kallus Rachel 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
In 2003 the Israel Land Administration decided, for the first time, to restore a residential quarter in Old Acre. The rehabilitation process marked a turning point in Acre's conservation. Hitherto, the “monumental” narrative of the Israeli national project stressed the archaeological ethos of the Crusader city. The new approach engaged instead a “social” narrative, requiring a focused attention on the Ottoman city. During a pilot project the flagship building of the quarter was evacuated, massively renovated, and re-populated with its former Palestinian residents. The controversial restoration of the building's appearance back to its bourgeois Ottoman phase, a period hitherto neglected by Israeli government agencies, is a lens through which we examine the convergence of three distinct narratives—monumental, social, and global—that guide Israeli interventions in Old Acre. Our focus is on the agency of conservation in the competition between them on the meaning and character of Acre's urban space.1
All-epiphyseal Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Does Not Increase the Risk of Complications Compared With Pediatric Transphyseal Reconstruction
Authors: Patel Neeraj M. , DeFrancesco Christopher J. , Talathi Nakul S. , Bram Joshua T. , Ganley Theodore J. 
Published: December 2018

Introduction:Complication rates after physeal-sparing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) are known to be high in the paediatric population compared with the adult population. However, the outcomes of these skeletally immature patients after all-epiphyseal reconstruction have not been compared with those after transphyseal reconstructions in a more similar age group. This study compares clinical outcomes and complications between all-epiphyseal and pediatric transphyseal ACLR.Methods:We retrospectively reviewed 1,056 pediatric patients undergoing primary ACLR between 2000 and 2015. Of these, 51 were excluded (5 extra-articular and 46 partial transphyseal reconstructions). Demographic data, intraoperative findings and techniques, postoperative complications (including graft rupture, contralateral anterior cruciate ligament [ACL] tear, and meniscus injuries), clearance for sports, range of motion (ROM), and isokinetic strength testing were recorded. Univariate analysis was followed by stepwise, binary logistic regressions to control for confounding factors.Results:During the study period, 162 patients underwent all-epiphyseal reconstruction (mean age, 12.1 ± 1.8 years) and 843 underwent transphyseal ACLR (mean age, 15.8 ± 1.9 years). At the time of surgery, more meniscus tears were found in the transphyseal group (76% versus 60%;P< 0.01). These patients also had more irreparable meniscus tears requiring partial meniscectomy (35% versus 18%;P< 0.01). Overall, the rates of graft failure, contralateral ACL injury, and new meniscus tears were 10.3%, 6.1%, and 14.2%, respectively. After controlling for confounders in a multivariate model, no difference was found in these postoperative complications between all-epiphyseal and transphyseal ACLR. Furthermore, no clinically significant difference was observed in postoperative ROM or isokinetic strength testing.Discussion:Skeletally immature patients undergoing all-epiphyseal ACLR had less irreparable meniscus tears than older children undergoing transphyseal reconstruction. After adjusting for age and other confounders, there was no difference in postoperative ROM or strength, nor an increased risk of graft rupture, contralateral ACL injury, or new meniscus tear in these young patients compared with older adolescents undergoing transphyseal ACLR.Level of Evidence:Level III