bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic interpersonal neural synchronization underlying pain‐induced cooperation in females
Authors: Wang Chenbo , Zhang Tingyu , Shan Zhoukuidong , Liu Jieqiong , Yuan Di , Li Xianchun 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIndividuals in pain are motivated to be cooperative in social interaction. Yet, there has been little research on how pain dynamically affects cooperation at a neural level. The present study investigated the cooperative behavior under acute physical pain by asking dyads to complete three blocks of button‐press cooperative task, while neural activities were recorded simultaneously on each subject by the fNIRS‐based hyperscanning. Results showed that individuals in pain improved their cooperation rate across task blocks. Accordingly, increased interpersonal neural synchronization (INS) was found at the left prefrontal cortex in second block, whereas increased INS was found at the right prefrontal cortex and the right parietal cortex in third block compared to the first block. Moreover, the change of INS in right parietal cortex was positively correlated with subjective pain rating in the pain treatment group. In addition, dynamic interpersonal neural networks were identified in painful condition with increasing frontoparietal networks across time. By uncovering dissociative neural processes involved in how pain affects cooperation in social interaction, the present work provides the first interbrain evidence to highlight the sociality of pain on social interaction in perspective of motivational aspect of pain.
Evaluation of a Multifaceted Intervention to Reduce Health Disparities in Hepatitis C Screening: A Pre‐Post Analysis
Authors: Jain Mamta K. , Rich Nicole E. , Ahn Chul , Turner Barbara J. , Sanders Joanne M. , Adamson Brian , Quirk Lisa , Perryman Patrice , Santini Noel O. , Singal Amit G. 
Published: April 2019

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) testing in persons born from 1945 to 1965 has had limited adoption despite guidelines, particularly among racial/ethnic minorities and socioeconomically disadvantaged patients, who have a higher prevalence of disease burden. We examined the effectiveness of a multifaceted intervention to improve HCV screening in a large safety‐net health system. We performed a multifaceted intervention that included provider and patient education, an electronic medical record–enabled best practice alert, and increased HCV treatment capacity. We characterized HCV screening completion before and after the intervention. To identify correlates of HCV screening, we performed logistic regression for the preintervention and postintervention groups and used a generalized linear mixed model for patients observed in both preintervention and postintervention time frames. Before the intervention, 10.1% of 48,755 eligible baby boomer patients were screened. After the intervention, 34.6% of the 34,093 eligible baby boomers were screened (P < 0.0001). Prior to the intervention, HCV screening was lower among older baby boomers and providers with large patient panels and higher in high‐risk subgroups including those with signs of liver disease (e.g., elevated transaminases, thrombocytopenia), human immunodeficiency virus–positive patients, and homeless patients. Postintervention, we observed increased screening uptake in older baby boomers, providers with larger patient panel size, and patients with more than one prior primary care appointment. Conclusion: Our multifaceted intervention significantly increased HCV screening, particularly among older patients, those engaged in primary care, and providers with large patient panels.
Injectable Schiff base polysaccharide hydrogels for intraocular drug loading and release
Authors: Yang Chao , Gao Lilong , Liu Xiyan , Yang Ting , Yin Guangming , Chen Jianyu , Guo Haiyong , Yu Bing , Cong Hailin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA novel voriconazole (VCZ)‐loaded injectable hydrogel was in situ synthetized via a Schiff base reaction between polyaldehyde dextran (PAD) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCTS) for intraocular drug loading and release. Water‐insoluble VCZ, which is an effective agent in clinic treating fungal endophthalmitis, was loaded through the inclusion into the β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) cavity based on host‐guest interaction on the linear poly β‐CD chain, which was in situ twined in the cross‐linked hydrogel structure. The gelation time, degradation, and drug release process were investigated by studying three kinds of hydrogels with different volume ratio of PAD to CMCTS resolving in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution (3:7, 6:7, 9:7), respectively. The property of VCZ‐loaded injectable hydrogel should be adjusted through changing the cross‐linked density of the hydrogel, the molecular weight or concentration of the linear poly β‐CD to meet the treating requirement, and a multistage drug controlled‐release mechanism was proposed. In conclusion, the VCZ‐loaded in situ injectable hydrogel should be offered as a promising strategy for intraocular drug delivery in vitreous cavity for the treatment of fungal endophthalmitis. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 1909–1916, 2019.
The mutation m.13513G>A impairs cardiac function, favoring a neuroectoderm commitment, in a mutant‐load dependent way
Authors: Galera‐Monge Teresa , Zurita‐Díaz Francisco , Garesse Rafael , Gallardo María Esther 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMitochondrial disorders (MDs) arise as a result of a respiratory chain dysfunction. While some MDs can affect a single organ, many involve several organs, the brain being the most affected, followed by heart and/or muscle. Many of these diseases are associated with heteroplasmic mutations in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). The proportion of mutated mtDNA must exceed a critical threshold to produce disease. Therefore, understanding how embryonic development determines the heteroplasmy level in each tissue could explain the organ susceptibility and the clinical heterogeneity observed in these patients. In this report, the dynamics of heteroplasmy and the influence in cardiac commitment of the mutational load of the m.13513G>A mutation has been analyzed. This mutation has been reported as a frequent cause of Leigh syndrome (LS) and is commonly associated with cardiac problems. In this report, induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSc) technology has been used to delve into the molecular mechanisms underlying cardiac disease in LS. When mutation m.13513G>A is above a threshold, iPSc‐derived cardiomyocytes (iPSc‐CMs) could not be obtained due to an inefficient epithelial‐mesenchymal transition. Surprisingly, these cells are redirected toward neuroectodermal lineages that would give rise to the brain. However, when mutation is below that threshold, dysfunctional CM are generated in a mutant‐load dependent way. We suggest that distribution of the m.13513G>A mutation during cardiac differentiation is not at random. We propose a possible explanation of why neuropathology is a frequent feature of MD, but cardiac involvement is not always present.
The immune functions of PCSK9: Local and systemic perspectives
Authors: Liu Xing , Suo Rong , Chan Calista Zhuo Yi , Liu Tong , Tse Gary , Li GuangPing 
Published: April 2019

AbstractProprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) binds to low‐density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) to trigger endocytosis and lysosome degradation in hepatocytes, regulating intracellular and plasma cholesterol levels. The discovery of PCSK9 has provided a new target for the management of hypercholesterolemia and cardiovascular risk reduction. There is emerging evidence that shows that PCSK9 may influence the activity of various cell types through either LDLR‐dependent or LDLR‐independent mechanisms. Changes in the circulating PCSK9 levels have been observed during infection and proinflammatory conditions. Furthermore, PCSK9 as a secreted protein has both local and systemic effects on cellular function. In this review, we summarize the roles of PCSK9 in inflammation.
Challenges to hemoglobin A1c as a therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Ikeda Masayuki , Shimazawa Rumiko 
Published: April 2019

AbstractGlycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is widely accepted as the most reliable measure of long‐term glycemia. However, there is disagreement among professional medical societies on a proper glycemic target for long‐term benefits in type 2 diabetes (T2D). The use of some glucose‐lowering drugs was associated with heart failure despite substantial lowering of HbA1c. The failure of intensive glycemic control to reduce cardiovascular risk in some trials again brought into question the usefulness of HbA1c as a therapeutic target in T2D. In large cardiovascular outcome trials, some newer glucose‐lowering drugs were associated with higher risks of heart failure or amputation despite comparable glycemic control between the test and placebo groups. Here, we provide evidence that variation in hemoglobin glycation between individuals is responsible for these inconsistencies. We suggest that further research be conducted in this area and that the findings be applied to clinical trials and practice.
Microaggressions and Sexual Risk Behaviors in Black College Women: A Moderated Mediation Analysis
Authors: Marks Laura Reid , Çiftçi Ayşe 
Published: April 2019

The study examined the association between microaggressions and sexual risk behaviors, the mediating role of anxiety, and the moderation of this mediation by bicultural self‐efficacy. One hundred twenty‐six Black college women (mean age = 20.63) completed a survey. A moderated mediation analysis showed that anxiety partially mediated the relationship between microaggressions and sexual risk behaviors and that bicultural self‐efficacy did not significantly moderate the indirect relationship. Findings indicate the importance of microaggressions in psychological and physical health.El estudio examinó la asociación entre microagresiones y comportamientos sexuales de riesgo, el papel mediador de la ansiedad y la moderación de esta mediación la autoeficacia bicultural. Ciento veintiséis mujeres negras universitarias (media de edad = 20.63) completaron una encuesta. Un análisis de mediación moderada mostró que la ansiedad medió parcialmente la relación entre microagresiones y comportamientos sexuales de riesgo, y que la autoeficacia bicultural no moderó la relación indirecta de forma significativa. Los hallazgos indican la importancia de las microagresiones en la salud física y psicológica.
Statistical inference for data‐adaptive doubly robust estimators with survival outcomes
Authors: Díaz Iván 
Published: April 2019

The consistency of doubly robust estimators relies on the consistent estimation of at least one of two nuisance regression parameters. In moderate‐to‐large dimensions, the use of flexible data‐adaptive regression estimators may aid in achieving this consistency. However, n1/2‐consistency of doubly robust estimators is not guaranteed if one of the nuisance estimators is inconsistent. In this paper, we present a doubly robust estimator for survival analysis with the novel property that it converges to a Gaussian variable at an n1/2‐rate for a large class of data‐adaptive estimators of the nuisance parameters, under the only assumption that at least one of them is consistently estimated at an n1/4‐rate. This result is achieved through the adaptation of recent ideas in semiparametric inference, which amount to (i) Gaussianizing (ie, making asymptotically linear) a drift term that arises in the asymptotic analysis of the doubly robust estimator and (ii) using cross‐fitting to avoid entropy conditions on the nuisance estimators. We present the formula of the asymptotic variance of the estimator, which allows for the computation of doubly robust confidence intervals and p values. We illustrate the finite‐sample properties of the estimator in simulation studies and demonstrate its use in a phase III clinical trial for estimating the effect of a novel therapy for the treatment of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–positive breast cancer.
Hainosan (painongsan) suppresses the biofilm formation of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia in vitro
Authors: Minami Masaaki , Takase Hiroshi , Taira Masayo , Makino Toshiaki 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTAim
Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia are pathogenic bacteria that cause several periodontal diseases such as periodontitis. They frequently form biofilm to protect from threats such as antimicrobial agents. Hainosan (painongsan in Chinese) is a Japanese traditional kampo and traditional Chinese medicine formula used to treat acute and chronic purulent disease. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the mechanism of antibacterial effects such as anti‐biofilm activity, of hainosan extract (HNS) against Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia.MethodsThe antibacterial and anti‐biofilm activity of HNS was examined on bacterial turbidity and colony‐forming unit analysis, transmission electron microscopy, microplate analysis, and hydrophobicity and auto‐aggregation analysis.ResultsHNS significantly suppressed the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia. It also significantly inhibited the formation of biofilm from Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia. The size and shape of HNS‐treated Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia were significantly smaller and irregular. Furthermore, HNS reduced the bacterial auto aggregation and hydrophobicity of the bacterial cell surface. These antibacterial effects of HNS were greater than those of hangeshashinto, another Japanese traditional kampo medicine formula for oral cavity inflammation.ConclusionHNS may be useful for the treatment of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia‐induced periodontitis because of the inhibition of bacterial biofilm formation.
Kleene Algebra with Hypotheses
Authors: Doumane Amina , Kuperberg Denis , Pous Damien , Pradic Pierre 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe study the Horn theories of Kleene algebras and star continuous Kleene algebras, from the complexity point of view. While their equational theories coincide and are PSpace-complete, their Horn theories differ and are undecidable. We characterise the Horn theory of star continuous Kleene algebras in terms of downward closed languages and we show that when restricting the shape of allowed hypotheses, the problems lie in various levels of the arithmetical or analytical hierarchy. We also answer a question posed by Cohen about hypotheses of the form $$1=S$$ where S is a sum of letters: we show that it is decidable.
Continuous Reachability for Unordered Data Petri Nets is in PTime
Authors: Gupta Utkarsh , Shah Preey , Akshay S. , Hofman Piotr 
Published: April 2019

AbstractUnordered data Petri nets (UDPN) are an extension of classical Petri nets with tokens that carry data from an infinite domain and where transitions may check equality and disequality of tokens. UDPN are well-structured, so the coverability and termination problems are decidable, but with higher complexity than for Petri nets. On the other hand, the problem of reachability for UDPN is surprisingly complex, and its decidability status remains open. In this paper, we consider the continuous reachability problem for UDPN, which can be seen as an over-approximation of the reachability problem. Our main result is a characterization of continuous reachability for UDPN and polynomial time algorithm for solving it. This is a consequence of a combinatorial argument, which shows that if continuous reachability holds then there exists a run using only polynomially many data values.
Optimal Satisfiability Checking for Arithmetic $$\mu $$-Calculi
Authors: Hausmann Daniel , Schröder Lutz 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe coalgebraic $$\mu $$-calculus provides a generic semantic framework for fixpoint logics with branching types beyond the standard relational setup, e.g. probabilistic, weighted, or game-based. Previous work on the coalgebraic $$\mu $$-calculus includes an exponential time upper bound on satisfiability checking, which however requires a well-behaved set of tableau rules for the next-step modalities. Such rules are not available in all cases of interest, in particular ones involving either integer weights as in the graded $$\mu $$-calculus, or real-valued weights in combination with non-linear arithmetic. In the present work, we prove the same upper complexity bound under more general assumptions, specifically regarding the complexity of the (much simpler) satisfiability problem for the underlying one-step logic, roughly described as the nesting-free next-step fragment of the logic. The bound is realized by a generic global caching algorithm that supports on-the-fly satisfiability checking. Example applications include new exponential-time upper bounds for satisfiability checking in an extension of the graded $$\mu $$-calculus with polynomial inequalities (including positive Presburger arithmetic), as well as an extension of the (two-valued) probabilistic $$\mu $$-calculus with polynomial inequalities.
Higher-Order Distributions for Differential Linear Logic
Authors: Kerjean Marie , Pacaud Lemay Jean-Simon 
Published: April 2019

AbstractLinear Logic was introduced as the computational counterpart of the algebraic notion of linearity. Differential Linear Logic refines Linear Logic with a proof-theoretical interpretation of the geometrical process of differentiation. In this article, we construct a polarized model of Differential Linear Logic satisfying computational constraints such as an interpretation for higher-order functions, as well as constraints inherited from physics such as a continuous interpretation for spaces. This extends what was done previously by Kerjean for first order Differential Linear Logic without promotion. Concretely, we follow the previous idea of interpreting the exponential of Differential Linear Logic as a space of higher-order distributions with compact-support, which is constructed as an inductive limit of spaces of distributions on Euclidean spaces. We prove that this exponential is endowed with a co-monadic like structure, with the notable exception that it is functorial only on isomorphisms. Interestingly, as previously argued by Ehrhard, this still allows the interpretation of differential linear logic without promotion.
Equational Theories and Monads from Polynomial Cayley Representations
Authors: Piróg Maciej , Polesiuk Piotr , Sieczkowski Filip 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe generalise Cayley’s theorem for monoids by providing an explicit formula for a (multi-sorted) equational theory represented by the type $$PX \rightarrow X$$, where $$P$$ is an arbitrary polynomial endofunctor with natural coefficients. From the computational perspective, examples of effects given by such theories include backtracking nondeterminism (obtained with the original Cayley representation $$X \rightarrow X$$), finite mutable state (obtained with $$n \rightarrow X$$, for a constant n), and their different combinations (via $$n \times X \rightarrow X$$ or $$X^n \rightarrow X$$). Moreover, we show that monads induced by such theories are implementable using the type formers available in programming languages based on a polymorphic $$\lambda $$-calculus, both as compositions of algebraic datatypes and as continuation-like monads. We give a set-theoretic model of the latter in terms of Barr-dinatural transformations. We also introduce , a tool that takes a polynomial as an input and generates the corresponding equational theory together with the two implementations of the induced monad in Haskell.
A Dialectica-Like Interpretation of a Linear MSO on Infinite Words
Authors: Pradic Pierre , Riba Colin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe devise a variant of Dialectica interpretation of intuitionistic linear logic for "Equation missing", a linear logic-based version $$\mathsf {MSO}$$ over infinite words. "Equation missing" was known to be correct and complete w.r.t. Church’s synthesis, thanks to an automata-based realizability model. Invoking Büchi-Landweber Theorem and building on a complete axiomatization of $$\mathsf {MSO}$$ on infinite words, our interpretation provides us with a syntactic approach, without any further construction of automata on infinite words. Via Dialectica, as linear negation directly corresponds to switching players in games, we furthermore obtain a complete logic: either a closed formula or its linear negation is provable. This completely axiomatizes the theory of the realizability model of "Equation missing". Besides, this shows that in principle, one can solve Church’s synthesis for a given $$\forall \exists $$-formula by only looking for proofs of either that formula or its linear negation.
Deciding Equivalence of Separated Non-nested Attribute Systems in Polynomial Time
Authors: Seidl Helmut , Palenta Raphaela , Maneth Sebastian 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn 1982, Courcelle and Franchi-Zannettacci showed that the equivalence problem of separated non-nested attribute systems can be reduced to the equivalence problem of total deterministic separated basic macro tree transducers. They also gave a procedure for deciding equivalence of transducer in the latter class. Here, we reconsider this equivalence problem. We present a new alternative decision procedure and prove that it runs in polynomial time. We also consider extensions of this result to partial transducers and to the case where parameters of transducers accumulate strings instead of trees.
Coalgebra Learning via Duality
Authors: Barlocco Simone , Kupke Clemens , Rot Jurriaan 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAutomata learning is a popular technique for inferring minimal automata through membership and equivalence queries. In this paper, we generalise learning to the theory of coalgebras. The approach relies on the use of logical formulas as tests, based on a dual adjunction between states and logical theories. This allows us to learn, e.g., labelled transition systems, using Hennessy-Milner logic. Our main contribution is an abstract learning algorithm, together with a proof of correctness and termination.
Tight Worst-Case Bounds for Polynomial Loop Programs
Authors: Ben-Amram Amir M. , Hamilton Geoff W. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn 2008, Ben-Amram, Jones and Kristiansen showed that for a simple programming language—representing non-deterministic imperative programs with bounded loops, and arithmetics limited to addition and multiplication—it is possible to decide precisely whether a program has certain growth-rate properties, in particular whether a computed value, or the program’s running time, has a polynomial growth rate.A natural and intriguing problem was to improve the precision of the information obtained. This paper shows how to obtain asymptotically-tight multivariate polynomial bounds for this class of programs. This is a complete solution: whenever a polynomial bound exists it will be found.
A Complete Normal-Form Bisimilarity for State
Authors: Biernacki Dariusz , Lenglet Sergueï , Polesiuk Piotr 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe present a sound and complete bisimilarity for an untyped $$\lambda $$-calculus with higher-order local references. Our relation compares values by applying them to a fresh variable, like normal-form bisimilarity, and it uses environments to account for the evolving store. We achieve completeness by a careful treatment of evaluation contexts comprising open stuck terms. This work improves over Støvring and Lassen’s incomplete environment-based normal-form bisimilarity for the $$\lambda \rho $$-calculus, and confirms, in relatively elementary terms, Jaber and Tabareau’s result, that the state construct is discriminative enough to be characterized with a bisimilarity without any quantification over testing arguments.