bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transnasal inferior meatal antrostomy with a mucosal flap for post-Caldwell–Luc mucoceles in the maxillary sinus
Authors: Suzuki M , Matsumoto T , Yokota M , Toyoda K , Nakamura Y 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveTransnasal inferior meatal antrostomy is increasingly used for the treatment of post-Caldwell–Luc mucoceles in maxillary sinus. This study aimed to report the outcomes after inferior meatal antrostomy with a mucosal flap for recurrent mucoceles.MethodThe records of patients who had undergone transnasal inferior meatal antrostomy with or without a mucosal flap were reviewed.ResultsTransnasal endoscopic inferior meatal antrostomy with or without a mucosal flap was performed in 21 and 49 patients, respectively. No complications were observed. A closing of the antrostomy was found in 9 (18.4 per cent) of the 49 patients who underwent antrostomy without a mucosal flap. No closings were observed in the 21 patients who underwent antrostomy with a mucosal flap. There was a significant difference in the rate of closing for surgery with and without the mucosal flap.ConclusionTransnasal endoscopic inferior meatal antrostomy with a mucosal flap is a safe method for the treatment of post-Caldwell–Luc maxillary mucoceles that effectively prevents recurrence.
Uncovering the environmental drivers of short-term temporal dynamics in an epibenthic community from the Western English Channel
Authors: Talbot Elizabeth , Bruggeman Jorn , Hauton Chris , Widdicombe Stephen 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBenthic communities, critical to the health and function of marine ecosystems, are under increasing pressure from anthropogenic impacts such as pollution, eutrophication and climate change. In order to refine predictions of likely future changes in benthic communities resulting from these impacts, we must first better constrain their responses to natural seasonality in environmental conditions. Epibenthic time series data (July 2008–May 2014) have been collected from Station L4, situated 7.25 nautical miles south of Plymouth in the Western English Channel. These data were analysed to establish patterns in community abundance, wet biomass and composition, and to link any observed patterns to environmental variables. A clear response to the input of organic material from phytoplankton blooms was detected, with sediment surface living deposit feeders showing an immediate increase in abundance, while predators and scavengers responded later, with an increase in biomass. We suggest that this response is a result of two factors. The low organic content of the L4 sediment results in food limitation of the community, and the mild winter/early spring bottom water temperatures allow the benthos to take immediate advantage of bloom sedimentation. An inter-annual change in community composition was also detected, as the community shifted from one dominated by the anomuranAnapagurus laevisto one dominated by the gastropodTuritella communis. This appeared to be related to a period of high larval recruitment forT. communisin 2013/2014, suggesting that changes in the recruitment success of one species can affect the structure of an entire community.
Range and conservation updates for the Critically Endangered blue-eyed black lemurEulemur flavifronsand the Vulnerable black lemurEulemur macaco
Authors: Tinsman Jen C. , Eschmann Caitlin L. , Solofondranohatra J. Sedera , Ralainirina Jocelyn Romelius , Holderied Marc , McCabe Gráinne 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe Critically Endangered blue-eyed black lemurEulemur flavifronsof north-western Madagascar is one of the most threatened primates. The majority of research and conservation efforts for the species have been restricted to the Sahamalaza Peninsula but there are unstudied and unprotected populations farther inland. The dearth of information regarding the transition betweenE. flavifronsand its parapatric sister species, the Vulnerable black lemurEulemur macaco, and the possibility of a hybrid population complicates conservation planning for both species. We surveyed 29 forest fragments across both species’ ranges to investigate the boundary between the taxa, whether hybrids persist, and the threats to lemurs in the region. We foundE. flavifronsin six fragments andE. macacoin 17. We never observedE. flavifronsandE. macacoin the same location and we found no conclusive evidence of hybrids. Three fragments in whichE. flavifronswas present were north of the Andranomalaza River, which had previously been considered the barrier between the two species. Based on these observations and a literature review, we provide updated ranges, increasing the extent of occurrence (EOO) ofE. flavifronsby 28.7% and reducing the EOO ofE. macacoby 44.5%. We also evaluate the capacity of protected areas to conserve these lemurs. We recommend additional surveys and the implementation of an education programme in this region to help conserve both species.
Emotional instability as a trait risk factor for eating disorder behaviors in adolescents: Sex differences in a large-scale prospective study
Authors: Brown Melanie , Hochman Ayelet , Micali Nadia 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundTemperament and personality traits, including negative emotionality/neuroticism, may represent risk factors for eating disorders. Further, risk factors may differ by sex. We examined longitudinal temperament/personality pathways of risk for purging and binge eating in youth stratified by sex using data from a large-scale prospective study.MethodsTemperament, borderline personality features, sensation seeking, ‘big five’ personality factors, and depressive symptoms were measured at five time points from early childhood to adolescence in 5812 adolescents (3215 females; 2597 males) in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. We conducted univariate analyses with these predictors of binge eating and purging at 14 and 16 years for total and sex-stratified samples. We used structural equation modeling (SEM) to fit data to a path analysis model of hypothesized associations.ResultsOf the total sample, 12.54% engaged in binge eating and 7.05% in purging by 16 years. Prevalence was much greater and increased dramatically for females from 14 years (7.50% binge eating; 2.40% purging) to 16 years (15.80% binge eating; 9.50% purging). For both sexes, borderline personality, depressive symptoms and lower emotional stability predicted eating disorder behaviors; sensation seeking and conscientiousness were also significant predictors for females. SEM identified an ‘emotional instability’ pathway for females from early childhood into adolescence (RMSEA = 0.025, TLI = 0.937 and CFI = 0.970).ConclusionsBinge eating and purging are common in female and male adolescents. Early temperament/personality factors related to difficulty regulating emotions were predictive of later adolescent eating disorder behaviors. Results have important clinical implications for eating disorder prevention and intervention.
Robust Geometric Navigation of a Quadrotor UAV on SE(3)
Authors: Garcia O. , Rojo-Rodriguez E. G. , Sanchez A. , Saucedo D. , Munoz-Vazquez A. J. 
Published: August 2019

SUMMARYIn this paper, a robust geometric navigation algorithm, designed on the special Euclidean group SE(3), of a quadrotor is proposed. The equations of motion for the quadrotor are obtained using the Newton–Euler formulation. The geometric navigation considers a guidance frame which is designed to perform autonomous flights with a convergence to the contour of the task with small normal velocity. For this purpose, a super twisting algorithm controls the nonlinear rotational and translational dynamics as a cascade structure in order to establish the fast and yet smooth tracking with the typical robustness of sliding modes. In this sense, the controller provides robustness against parameter uncertainty, disturbances, convergence to the sliding manifold in finite time, and asymptotic convergence of the trajectory tracking. The algorithm validation is presented through experimental results showing the feasibility of the proposed approach and illustrating that the tracking errors converge asymptotically to the origin.
The impact of genetics and environment on the polar fraction metabolome of commercial Brassica napus seeds: a multi-site study
Authors: Bennouna Djawed , Avice Jean-Christophe , Rosique Clément , Svilar Ljubica , Pontet Célia , Trouverie Jacques , Fine Frédéric , Pinochet Xavier , Fraser Karl , Martin Jean-Charles 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis study was designed to elucidate the biological variation in expression of many metabolites due to environment, genotype, or both, and to investigate the potential utility of metabolomics to supplement compositional analysis for the design of a new resilient cultivar of Brassica napus that can be steady in phytochemicals in different regions in France. Eight rapeseed varieties, grown in eight regions of France, were compared using a non-targeted metabolomics approach. The statistical analysis highlighted the distance and closeness between the samples in terms of both genotypes and geographical regions. A major environmental impact was observed on the polar metabolome, with different trends, depending on the varieties. Some varieties were very sensitive to the environment, while others were quite resilient. The identified secondary metabolites were mapped into the KEGG pathway database to reveal the most sensitive target proteins susceptible to environmental influences. A glucosyl-transferase encoded by the UGT84A1 gene involved in the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoid was identified. This protein could be rate limiting/promoting in this pathway depending on environmental conditions. The metabolomics approach used in this study demonstrated its efficiency to characterize the environmental influence on various cultivars of Brassica napus seeds and may help identify targets for crop improvement.
Expansion of Percolation Critical Points for Hamming Graphs
Authors: Federico Lorenzo , Van Der Hofstad Remco , Den Hollander Frank , Hulshof Tim 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe Hamming graphH(d,n) is the Cartesian product ofdcomplete graphs onnvertices. Let${m=d(n-1)}$be the degree and$V = n^d$be the number of vertices ofH(d,n). Let$p_c^{(d)}$be the critical point for bond percolation onH(d,n). We show that, for$d \in \mathbb{N}$fixed and$n \to \infty$,$$p_c^{(d)} = {1 \over m} + {{2{d^2} - 1} \over {2{{(d - 1)}^2}}}{1 \over {{m^2}}} + O({m^{ - 3}}) + O({m^{ - 1}}{V^{ - 1/3}}),$$which extends the asymptotics found in [10] by one order. The term$O(m^{-1}V^{-1/3})$is the width of the critical window. For$d=4,5,6$we have$m^{-3} = O(m^{-1}V^{-1/3})$, and so the above formula represents the full asymptotic expansion of$p_c^{(d)}$. In [16] we show that this formula is a crucial ingredient in the study of critical bond percolation onH(d,n) for$d=2,3,4$. The proof uses a lace expansion for the upper bound and a novel comparison with a branching random walk for the lower bound. The proof of the lower bound also yields a refined asymptotics for the susceptibility of a subcritical Erdös–Rényi random graph.
Development of feeding information for infants with CHD
Authors: Marino Luise V. , Johnson Mark J. , Davies Natalie J. , Kidd Catherine , Richens Trevor , Bharucha Tara , Darlington Anne-Sophie 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIntroduction:Infants with CHD often experience growth failure. Ensuring optimal growth before surgery is associated with improved outcomes and has emerged as a significant cause of parental stress. Parents have reported a perceived lack of accessible feeding information for infants with CHD. To address this gap, the aim of this study was to develop feeding information to better support parents.Materials and methods:A search for existing material on six electronic databases and an internet search for unpublished (grey) literature on feeding information for infants with CHD were carried out. Following the development of feeding information, semi-structured interview(s) with parents/health-care professionals were completed, focusing on whether the information was easy to understand, relevant, provided sufficient information around feeding/feeding difficulties, and whether there were any information gaps. Iterative changes were made to the information following each interview. The process was completed until thematic saturation was achieved.Results:A total of 23 unique articles were identified of which 5 studies were included. From the grey literature, four web pages were reviewed. A total of 22 parents and 25 health-care professionals were interviewed. All parents/health-care professionals felt that the feeding information developed provided sufficient information; however, many wanted information on how to introduce complementary food, particularly if weaning was delayed.Conclusions:This study describes the development of feeding information for infants with CHD. From parent interviews, gaps identified focused on the introduction of complementary foods and uncertainty regarding the feeding journey beyond surgery.
Genetic Similarity Assessment of Twin-Family Populations by Custom-Designed Genotyping Array
Authors: Beck Jeffrey J. , Hottenga Jouke-Jan , Mbarek Hamdi , Finnicum Casey T. , Ehli Erik A. , Hur Yoon-Mi , Martin Nicholas G. , de Geus Eco J.C. , Boomsma Dorret I. , Davies Gareth E. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTwin registries often take part in large collaborative projects and are major contributors to genome-wide association (GWA) meta-analysis studies. In this article, we describe genotyping of twin-family populations from Australia, the Midwestern USA (Avera Twin Register), the Netherlands (Netherlands Twin Register), as well as a sample of mothers of twins from Nigeria to assess the extent, if any, of genetic differences between them. Genotyping in all cohorts was done using a custom-designed Illumina Global Screening Array (GSA), optimized to improve imputation quality for population-specific GWA studies. We investigated the degree of genetic similarity between the populations using several measures of population variation with genotype data generated from the GSA. Visualization of principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the Australian, Dutch and Midwestern American populations exhibit negligible interpopulation stratification when compared to each other, to a reference European population and to globally distant populations. Estimations of fixation indices (FSTvalues) between the Australian, Midwestern American and Netherlands populations suggest minimal genetic differentiation compared to the estimates between each population and a genetically distinct cohort (i.e., samples from Nigeria genotyped on GSA). Thus, results from this study demonstrate that genotype data from the Australian, Dutch and Midwestern American twin-family populations can be reasonably combined for joint-genetic analysis.
Weed species and traits associated with organic grain crop rotations in the mid-Atlantic region
Authors: Teasdale John R. , Mirsky Steven B. , Cavigelli Michel A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractOrganic cropping systems are characterized by soil-disturbance events that can be diversified over years through crop rotations and within seasons by varying planting dates. The Farming Systems Project at Beltsville, MD, USA, is a long-term experiment that includes three organic rotations, corn (Zea mays L.)–soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], corn–soybean–wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and corn–soybean–wheat–alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Analysis of weed presence and cover over the first 18 yr of this experiment revealed that the tall, erect annual broadleaf weeds smooth pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus L.), common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.), horseweed (Erigeron canadensis L.), jimsonweed (Datura stramonium L.), and/or velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medik.) were most prominent in corn and soybean. Generally, these species exhibited traits adapted to the disturbance regimes, nutrient availability, crop environment and duration, and local meteorological conditions associated with the summer annual corn and soybean crops. Abundance of A. hybridus, D. stramonium, and A. theophrasti were controlled primarily by rotation diversity, whereby presence and cover of these species were highest in the short corn–soybean rotation and lowest in the longer rotations that had more diverse seasonal soil-disturbance regimes. Early-season temperature was the primary factor controlling C. album presence and cover, which were higher at lower temperatures associated with earlier planting dates. Higher early-season precipitation was the primary factor associated with higher presence of annual grass species. The relative abundance of species in organic corn and soybean was determined primarily by the diversity of crops and disturbance operations in rotation, the timing of spring tillage and planting, and annual meteorological conditions driving emergence periodicity.
Variability of the South Pacific Subtropical Surface Salinity Maximum
Authors: Bingham Frederick M. , Busecke Julius J. M. , Gordon Arnold L. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDuring the period 2011–2017 the South Pacific subtropical sea surface salinity maximum (SSS‐max) exhibited significant variability. It nearly doubled in area, increased in salinity by ~0.1 pss, and moved northward by 1–2° of latitude and eastward by 10° of longitude. The change was not associated with change in air‐sea freshwater flux, but rather due to changes in the advection of the subtropical gyre and South Equatorial Current, and variation in Ekman transport and Ekman pumping. There was a substantial decrease in the dynamic height difference associated with the South Equatorial Current, the Ekman transport, and Ekman pumping northeast of the SSS‐max. The observed changes in the SSS‐max appear to be linked to those of subducted subtropical underwater observed in the interior. They are also strongly associated with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). The lagged correlation between the annual average PDO index and the area of the SSS‐max, with PDO leading by 2 years, is 0.86.
Numerical Simulations of High‐Frequency Gravity Wave Propagation Through Fine Structures in the Mesosphere
Authors: Mixa Tyler , Fritts David , Lund Thomas , Laughman Brian , Wang Ling , Kantha Lakshmi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAn anelastic numerical model is used to study the influences of fine structure (FS) in the wind and stability profiles on gravity wave (GW) propagation in the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere (MLT). Large amplitude GWs interacting with FS, that is, thin regions of enhanced wind and stability, evolve very differently depending on the precise vorticity source and sink terms for small‐scale motions induced by the FS gradients. The resulting small‐scale dynamics are deterministic, promoting local instabilities, dissipation, and momentum deposition at locations and orientations determined by the initial FS. The resulting momentum depositions yield significant changes to the background wind structure, having scales and amplitudes comparable to the effects of large‐scale features in the ambient atmosphere. The deterministic nature of the large‐scale impacts further suggests that they can be estimated without fully resolving the underlying instability dynamics. Given the significant amplitudes and ubiquitous occurrence of FS throughout the atmosphere, the influences of these important and diverse flow evolutions merit inclusion in broader modeling efforts.
Holocene Formation of Henry Ice Rise, West Antarctica, Inferred From Ice‐Penetrating Radar
Authors: Wearing Martin G. , Kingslake Jonathan 
Published: August 2019

Ice rises are regions of grounded ice embedded within floating ice shelves. The deformation of ice past them increases the back stress generated by the ice shelf, slowing the flow of the ice sheet. We present ground‐based ice‐penetrating radar data from Henry Ice Rise in the Ronne Ice Shelf, West Antarctica, that indicates regrounding during the Holocene. Relic crevasses and melt synclines are observed upstream of the present‐day grounding line. We conclude that these features formed during a previous flow configuration, from which the grounding line has since advanced to its current position. In agreement with previous work, our observations can be explained if initial grounding of the ice shelf occurred on a bathymetric high, forming an ice rumple that migrated upstream and temporarily ungrounded over the topographic high. The grounding line then advanced, preserving relic basal crevasses in the newly grounded ice. Using a simple ice‐flow model, we simulate the burial of these crevasses. While accounting for uncertainty in accumulation, firn density, radar‐derived depth, ice‐thickening history, initial crevasse height, and glacial isostatic adjustment, we estimate a burial time of 6 ± 2 kyr before present for the oldest relic crevasses, indicating that the ice rise formed at approximately this time. This potentially increased the buttressing generated by the Ronne Ice Shelf, causing thickening and advance of the ice sheet. By dating the formation and providing details of ice‐rise formation, these new results can provide useful constraints on both large‐scale ice‐sheet models and models of ice‐rumple and ice‐rise formation.
No Proportional Increase of Terrestrial Gross Carbon Sequestration From the Greening Earth
Authors: Zhang Yulong , Song Conghe , Band Lawrence E. , Sun Ge 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTerrestrial vegetation, as the key component of the biosphere, has a greening trend since the beginning of this century. However, how this substantial greening translated to global gross carbon sequestration or gross primary production (GPP) is not clear. Here we investigated terrestrial GPP dynamics and the respective contributions of climate change and vegetation cover change (VCC) from 2000 to 2015. We adopted a remote sensing based data‐driven model, which was calibrated based on the global eddy flux data set (FLUXNET2015) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer vegetation index data (Collection 6). A series of simulation experiments were conducted to disaggregate the effects of climate and VCC. We found a much weaker increase in global GPP (0.08%/year; P = 0.07) when compared with the global greening rate (0.23%/year; P < 0.001). The positive effect of VCC on GPP was reduced by 53% due to climate stress. Enhanced global GPP were largely contributed by nonforests, especially croplands. However, tropical forests, once a major driver of the global GPP increase, negatively contributed to global GPP trend due to warming‐induced moisture stress and deforestation. Given the limited potential of cropland carbon storage due to harvest and consumption, the contrasting GPP changes (i.e., cropland GPP increase vs. forest GPP reduction) may have shifted the distribution of the land carbon sink. Our study highlights the potential vulnerability of terrestrial gross carbon sequestration under climate and land use changes and has important implications in the global carbon cycle and climate warming mitigation.