bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hepatitis A vaccine uptake among men who have sex with men from a time-limited vaccination programme in Melbourne in 2018
Authors: Burrell Sam , Vodstrcil Lenka A , Fairley Christopher K , Kilner Alex , Bradshaw Catriona S , Chen Marcus Y , Chow Eric P F 
Published: July 2019

ObjectivesIn 2017, an outbreak of hepatitis A among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (MSM) was reported in Victoria, Australia. In 2018, the Victorian government implemented a free hepatitis A vaccination programme targeting all Victorian MSM. This study aimed to determine hepatitis A vaccine uptake among MSM in a sexual health clinic in Melbourne.MethodsAll MSM attending the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre (MSHC) in 2018 were included. Chart review was performed to determine the proportion of men vaccinated for at least one dose of hepatitis A and to examine why men did not receive the vaccine. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to examine the factors associated with vaccine uptake. Vaccine uptake was defined as receipt of at least one dose of hepatitis A vaccine.ResultsOf the 9582 MSM who attended MSHC in 2018, 61.3% (95% CI 60.3% to 62.2%) self-reported already being immune to hepatitis A. Of the 3713 remaining eligible men, 62.7% (95% CI 61.1% to 64.2%) received at least one dose of the hepatitis A vaccine on the day of attendance. Compared with MSM not living with HIV and not taking pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), MSM taking PrEP (adjusted OR 1.28; 95% CI 1.01 to 1.62) were more likely to receive the vaccine. 1386 men (37.3%) did not receive the vaccine and 55.4% were not offered the vaccine by their treating clinician. 300 men (21.6%) were identified as non-immune after serological testing but did not return for vaccination. By the end of 2018, 85.5% of MSHC attendees (8196/9582) were immune to hepatitis A.ConclusionThe critical vaccination threshold for hepatitis A has been estimated at >70%. Continuation of the targeted hepatitis A vaccination programme will improve immunity among the MSM population to prevent ongoing transmission and the likelihood of future outbreaks.
MORTALITY ANALYSIS OF THE PATIENTS WITH ALCOHOLIC LIVER CIRRHOSIS
Authors: Matkovska N. R. 
Published: July 2019

Background. Alcohol is considered to be the main risk factor for adverse event deaths around the world. In Ukraine, mortality due to alcoholic liver disease (ALD) has taken the second place in the structure of death causes from diseases of the digestive system.
Objective. The aim of the research was to study the peculiarities of the causes of death in the patients with alcoholic liver disease at the stage of liver cirrhosis (LC) based on the analysis of protocols of pathoanatomical research.
Methods. The analysis of 149 protocols of the pathoanatomical study of the patients, who died from alcoholic LC, has been carried out at the premises of the Pathoanatomical Department of the Ivano-Frankivsk Regional Clinical Hospital in 2006-2018.
Results. Most people were young and middle aged. Fatal cases were caused by decompensation of the LC with the development of hepatic, hepatic-renal, cardio-pulmonary insufficiency, pancreatic necrosis, gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB), sepsis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In 37.6 % of the patients the concomitant illness was coronary heart disease (CHD), 10.7 % of the people had hypertension. In 6 % of the patients, ischemic stroke of the brain was diagnosed. In most people atherosclerotic vascular changes were revealed.
Conclusions. Excessive consumption of alcohol and, consequently, the development of LC, can be considered as an adverse factor in the reducing social standard of living. In the majority of people, who died from the decompensation of alcoholic LC, atherosclerotic vascular lesions have been detected. This indicates a significant prevalence of lipid metabolism disturbance in the people with alcoholic LC.
ОКСИДАНТНО-АНТИОКСИДАНТНА СИСТЕМА ПРИ ХРОНІЧНОМУ ОБСТРУКТИВНОМУ ЗАХВОРЮВАННІ ЛЕГЕНЬ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ЕТІОЛОГІЇ
Authors: Ivchuk V. V. , Kovalchuk T. A. 
Published: July 2019

Вступ. Основною причиною неспроможності механізмів специфічного та неспецифічного захисту організму при багатьох захворюваннях і патологічних станах є дисбаланс у системі прооксиданти – антиоксиданти. Суттєвий дисбаланс у ній супроводжується розвитком оксидативного стресу з його патологічними складовими. Наявність оксидативного стресу відмічено при ряді фізіологічних та багатьох патологічних станах. Не є винятком і таке розповсюджене серед працівників гірничодобувної промисловості захворювання, як хронічне обструктивне захворювання легень професійної етіології.
Мета дослідження – оцінити особливості та направленість зрушень окремих показників оксидантно-антиоксидантної системи при хронічному обструктивному захворюванні легень професійної етіології.
Методи дослідження. Проаналізовано результати досліджень венозної крові 170 працівників гірничодобувної промисловості, хворих на хронічне обструктивне захворювання легень із різним ступенем тяжкості. Серед пацієнтів 60 осіб мали ІІ стадію захворювання, 56 осіб – ІІІ стадію, 54 практично здорових особи становили контрольну групу. Стан окиснення ліпідів у сироватці хворих оцінювали за вмістом ТБК-активних продуктів їх пероксидації, стан системи антиоксидантного захисту – за вмістом або активністю ряду компонентів первинного захисту (ензимів супероксиддисмутази, каталази, глутатіонпероксидази, церулоплазміну і неферментативних низькомолекулярних сполук).
Результати й обговорення. Підвищення рівня ТБК-активних продуктів і зниження загальної антиоксидантної активності плазми свідчили про поглиблення оксидативного стресу. При хронічному обструктивному захворюванні легень професійної етіології відбувались виснаження захисних можливостей системи антиоксидантного захисту, порушення балансу між генерацією та елімінацією активних кисневих радикалів. Звідси дефіцит антиоксидантного захисту є, вочевидь, одним із факторів, що провокують тяжкий перебіг та прогресування хронічного обструктивного захворювання легень професійної етіології.
Висновки. При перебігу хронічного обструктивного захворювання легень професійної етіології різного ступеня тяжкості посилюються процеси пероксидного окиснення ліпідів. Дані порушення відбуваються на тлі пригнічення системи антиоксидантного захисту. Це супроводжується розладом у системі глутатіону.
Favorable Trend of Implantable Cardioverter‐Defibrillator Service Life in a Large Single‐Nation Population: Insights From 10‐Year Analysis of the Italian Implantable Cardioverter‐Defibrillator Registry
Authors: Poli Stefano , Boriani Giuseppe , Zecchin Massimo , Facchin Domenico , Gasparini Maurizio , Landolina Maurizio , Ricci Renato Pietro , Lanera Corrado , Gregori Dario , Proclemer Alessandro 
Published: July 2019

Background

Implantable cardioverter‐defibrillators (
ICDs
) are widely employed for the prevention of sudden cardiac death. Despite technological improvements, patients often need to undergo generator replacement, which entails the risk of periprocedural complications. Our aim was to estimate the service life of
ICD
s over a 10‐year interval and to assess the main causes of replacement on the basis of data from the National
ICD
Registry of the Italian Society of Arrhythmology and Cardiac Pacing (AIAC).

Methods and Results

The registry includes data from over 400 hospitals in Italy. We included all patients who underwent device replacement from calendar years 2007 to 2016. The median service life of the
ICD
s and its trend over the years was estimated across the 3 types of devices (single‐chamber, dual‐chamber, cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator) and the indication to implantation. The causes of replacement were also analyzed. We included 29 158 records from 27 676 patients (80.9% men; mean age at device replacement 65.8±12.0 years). The median service life was 57.3 months (interquartile range 27.8 months). Over the years, service life showed an increasing trend. The majority of patients underwent elective replacement because of battery end of life, and over the years there was a significant reduction of replacement for recalls, erosion/infections, and cardiac resynchronization therapy upgrading.

Conclusions

Our data from a large single‐nation population showed that the trend of
ICD
service life, independently from
ICD
type, indication, and settings, significantly improved over time. Moreover, there was a striking reduction of interventions for upgrading and infection/erosion. This favorable trend has important clinical, organizational, and financial implications.
Airborne Measurements of Surface Wind and Slope Statistics over the Ocean
Authors: Lenain Luc , Statom Nicholas M. , Melville W. Kendall 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAs reported in 1954, more than a half century ago, C. Cox and W. Munk developed an empirical model of the slope distribution of ocean surface waves that has been widely used ever since to model the optical properties of the sea surface and is of particular importance to the satellite remote sensing community. In that work, the reflectance of sunlight was photographed from a Boeing B-17G bomber and was then analyzed. In this paper, surface slope statistics are investigated from airborne scanning topographic lidar data collected during a series of field experiments off the coast of California and in the Gulf of Mexico, over a broad range of environmental conditions, with wind speeds ranging from approximately 2 to 13 m s−1. Unlike the reflectance-based approach of Cox and Munk, the slope distribution is computed by counting laser glints produced by specular reflections as the lidar is scanned over the surface of the ocean. We find good agreement with their measurements for the mean-square slope and with more recent (2006) results from Bréon and Henriot that were based on satellite remote sensing. Significant discrepancies for the higher-order statistics are found and discussed. We also demonstrate here that airborne scanning lidar technology offers a viable means of remotely estimating surface wind speed and momentum flux.
Limited engagement in, yet clear preferences for advance care planning in young-onset dementia: An exploratory interview-study with family caregivers
Authors: Van Rickstal Romy , De Vleminck Aline , Aldridge Melissa D , Morrison Sean R , Koopmans Raymond T , van der Steen Jenny T , Engelborghs Sebastiaan , Van den Block Lieve 
Published: July 2019

Background: The significance of advance care planning in dementia is widely acknowledged. Despite the suggestion that younger people with dementia and their family might have distinct needs and preferences in this area, studies on advance care planning in young-onset dementia are absent. Aim: We aim to explore (1) whether family caregivers had already engaged in advance care planning with patients and/ or professionals and the accompanying reasons and (2) family caregivers’ preferences for how to ideally engage in the process with patients, family and professionals. Design: A qualitative study was conducted: we analysed semi-structured interviews ( n = 15) through the method of constant comparative analysis. Setting/participants: We included Flemish family caregivers of persons with young-onset dementia. Results: Plans for the future typically concerned non-medical affairs. Participants’ limited engagement in advance care planning was clarified through several reasons: not considering it useful, hindering patient behaviour, adopting a day-to-day attitude, caregivers emotionally protecting themselves and uncertainty about patients’ cognitive competence. However, endorsement for advance care planning showed from respondents’ preferences that it should be initiated timely, by a third party, and emphasize patients’ remaining capacities. Finally, the need for information and high-quality care emerged. Conclusion: A gap of knowledge, of information and in care intertwiningly hinder advance care planning. In young-onset dementia, engaging in advance care planning is not an option equally accessible as not doing so. Policy makers, institutions and professionals could reflect on their responsibility in providing these patients and caregivers an actual choice to engage in advance care planning or not.
High-dose levocetirizine for the treatment of refractory chronic spontaneous urticaria and the effect on the serum inositol triphosphate level
Authors: Huang Xianqiong , Li Zhaoyang , Sun Renshan 
Published: July 2019

Objective The second messenger inositol triphosphate (IP3) is involved in signal transduction in multiple cell types. We evaluated the effects of high-dose levocetirizine on chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) and examined the significance of serum IP3 level in the pathogenesis of CSU. Methods Fifteen patients with refractory CSU were given oral levocetirizine at a dose of 15 mg once daily for 7 days, and treatment efficacy was determined using the Urticaria Activity Score and by evaluating wheal-and-erythema reactions and itching. The serum concentration of IP3 at specific time points was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results The mean serum concentration of IP3 was 43.54 ± 41.97 pg/mL prior to treatment, 18.40 ± 17.53 pg/mL after treatment, and 1.31 ± 0.92 pg/mL in a healthy control group. The mean concentration of IP3 was significantly higher before treatment than after treatment, and the level of IP3 in the patient group before and after treatment was significantly higher than that in the control group. Conclusion High-dose levocetirizine was shown to be effective in the treatment of CSU. The level of serum IP3 was positively correlated with CSU activity, indicating that IP3 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of this condition.
Carotid artery color Doppler ultrasonography and plasma levels of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 and cystatin C in arteriosclerotic cerebral infarction
Authors: Huang Lei , Yao Shengguo 
Published: July 2019

Objective This study was performed to evaluate the clinical application value of carotid artery color Doppler ultrasonography and the plasma levels of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) and cystatin C (Cys C) in the diagnosis and treatment of arteriosclerotic cerebral infarction. Methods Sixty patients with arteriosclerotic cerebral infarction and 60 matched healthy participants were included. The patients were divided into mild, moderate, and severe groups according to their National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores. Carotid artery intima plaque formation and the intima–media thickness (IMT) were observed using carotid artery color Doppler ultrasonography. The correlation between IMT and the Lp-PLA2 or Cys C level was statistically analyzed. Results Patients with arteriosclerotic cerebral infarction had a higher detection rate of carotid plaques, especially unstable plaques, than healthy participants. The plasma levels of Lp-PLA2 and Cys C were elevated in patients with arteriosclerotic cerebral infarction and increased with the NIHSS scores. The plasma levels of Lp-PLA2 and Cys C in patients with arteriosclerotic cerebral infarction were correlated with IMT. Conclusion The combination of carotid artery color Doppler ultrasonography with the Lp-PLA2 and Cys C plasma levels is of great clinical value in the diagnosis and treatment of arteriosclerotic cerebral infarction.
Diagnostic value of the blood monocyte–lymphocyte ratio in knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Gao Kun , Zhu Wenxiu , Liu Weidong , Ma Dujun , Li Heng , Yu Weiji , Wang Lixin , Cao Yafei , Jiang Yong 
Published: July 2019

Objective Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a chronic inflammatory disease. The monocyte–lymphocyte ratio (MLR) was reported to be a non-invasive, cost-effective marker in various systemic diseases, but it has not yet been investigated in KOA. This cross-sectional study evaluated the diagnostic value of MLR in KOA. Methods Two hundred and five KOA patients and 120 healthy control subjects were enrolled. Patient data, including age, sex, blood cell counts, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, red blood cell distribution width, and the Kellgren–Lawrence (KL) score were recorded. Results One hundred nineteen patients (55 men, 64 women) were included, with a mean age of 55.47 ± 9.23 years. KOA patients showed a significantly higher MLR, neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet–lymphocyte ratio (PLR) than controls. The MLR area under the curve was 0.81, which was higher than that of NLR and PLR. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed blood MLR as an independent predictor of KOA. Correlation analysis showed that MLR was positively correlated with ESR and CRP levels. MLR and NLR were significantly higher in KL4 patients than in KL1–3 patients. Conclusions MLR has a high diagnostic value for KOA, so could be a reliable disease marker.
Long non-coding RNA NORAD induces cell proliferation and migration in prostate cancer
Authors: Zhang Haiyan , Guo Haixiang 
Published: July 2019

Objectives Prostate cancer (PCA) is the deadliest urological disease affecting men worldwide. Long noncoding RNA activated by DNA damage (NORAD) levels are increased in many cancer types, and induce cancer cell progression. However, little is known about the biological functions of NORAD in PCA. Methods In this work, the roles of NORAD in cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis were examined by Cell Counting Kit-8, scratch wound, and annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide staining assays, respectively, in PCA cell lines. Knockdown of NORAD was achieved by small interfering (si)RNA in PCA cell lines, and quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of NORAD. Results Cell proliferation and migration rates were significantly lower in the siNORAD group than in the wild-type group, while the apoptosis level was significantly higher in the siNORAD group compared with the wild-type group. Conclusions These results suggest that NORAD promotes the proliferation and migration of PCA cells and inhibits their apoptosis.
Synovial fluid and plasma levels of milk fat globule–epidermal growth factor 8 are inversely correlated with radiographic severity of knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Chen Feihu , Liu Hao , Xia Jie , Ding Xiaomin , Fan Jianbo , Zhu Xinhui , Cui Shengyu , Yi Hong , Gao Rufeng , Liu Wei 
Published: July 2019

Objective Mounting evidence demonstrates that inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). Milk fat globule–epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8) is an important glycoprotein that is involved in anti-inflammatory responses. The present study was performed to assess the MFG-E8 levels in plasma and synovial fluid and explore the association between radiographic severity and MFG-E8 levels in patients with knee OA. Methods This study involved 138 healthy controls and 142 patients with knee OA. The MFG-E8 levels in plasma and synovial fluid were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The Kellgren and Lawrence classification was used for OA grading. Results The plasma MFG-E8 level was significantly lower in patients with knee OA than in healthy controls. The synovial fluid MFG-E8 level was significantly lower than the plasma level in patients with knee OA. More importantly, the MFG-E8 levels in synovial fluid and plasma were significantly and inversely associated with radiographic severity among patients with knee OA. Conclusions These results demonstrate that the levels of MFG-E8 in synovial fluid and plasma are inversely correlated with the radiographic severity of knee OA.
Association between peripheral blood mononuclear cell ORMDL3 expression and the asthma predictive index in preschool children
Authors: Li Yaqin , Cao Lanfang , Yu Qing , Xue Haiyan , Lu Yanming 
Published: July 2019

Objective This study aimed to assess whether orosomucoid 1-like 3 (ORMDL3) expression and environmental and clinical factors are associated with wheezing episodes in preschool children. Methods Children diagnosed with wheezing episodes were classified according to their asthma predictive index (API) in the past year as follows: API+ (≥4 wheezing episodes), API− (1–3 wheezing episodes), and API0 (without wheezing). ORMDL3 expression was assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of ORMDL3 expression and the API was performed for diagnosing wheezing episodes. Correlations between ORMDL3 expression and asthma risk factors were examined using Spearman’s correlation. Results PBMC ORMDL3 expression was higher in the API+ group compared with the API− and API0 groups. The area under the curve for ORMDL3 expression was 0.820 (95% confidence interval, 0.771–0.869). ORMDL3 expression was positively correlated with the API ( r = 0.447), infantile eczema ( r = 0.499), wheezing ( r = 0.516), total immunoglobulin E ( r = 0.208), and environmental factors, including Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus ( r = 0.357), house dust mites ( r = 0.112), dog fur ( r = 0.226), and Aspergillus( r = 0.257). ORMDL3 expression was negatively correlated with amaranth ( r = −0.122). Conclusions ORMDL3 expression in PBMCs is positively associated with the API and some asthma-related clinical and environmental risk factors in preschoolers.
Fluoride Content in Foods and Beverages From Mexico City Markets and Supermarkets
Authors: Cantoral Alejandra , Luna-Villa Lynda Cristina , Mantilla-Rodriguez Andres A. , Mercado Adriana , Lippert Frank , Liu Yun , Peterson Karen E. , Hu Howard , Téllez-Rojo Martha M. , Martinez-Mier Esperanza A. 
Published: July 2019

Background: Sources of fluoride exposure for Mexicans include foods, beverages, fluoridated salt, and naturally fluoridated water. There are no available data describing fluoride content of foods and beverages consumed in Mexico. Objective: To measure the content of fluoride in foods and beverages typically consumed and to compare their content to that of those from the United States and the United Kingdom. Methods: Foods and beverages reported as part of the Mexican Health and Nutrition Survey (n = 182) were purchased in the largest supermarket chains and local markets in Mexico City. Samples were analyzed for fluoride, at least in duplicate, using a modification of the hexamethyldisiloxane microdiffusion method. Value contents were compared to those from the US Department of Agriculture and UK fluoride content tables. Results: The food groups with the lowest and highest fluoride content were eggs (2.32 µg/100 g) and seafood (371 µg/100 g), respectively. When estimating the amount of fluoride per portion size, the lowest content corresponded to eggs and the highest to fast foods. Meats and sausages, cereals, fast food, sweets and cakes, fruits, dairy products, legumes, and seafood from Mexico presented higher fluoride contents than similar foods from the United States or the United Kingdom. Drinks and eggs from the United States exhibited the highest contents, while this was the case for pasta, soups, and vegetables from the United Kingdom. Conclusion: The majority of items analyzed contained higher fluoride contents than their US and UK counterparts. Data generated provide the first and largest table on fluoride content, which will be useful for future comparisons and estimations.