bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Creating and interpreting brand authenticity: The case of a young brand
Authors: Guèvremont Amélie 
Published: September 2018

AbstractConsumers increasingly seek authenticity in the brands they consume. Although studied extensively, brand authenticity appears to be restricted to older, more timeless brands. This article challenges previous research findings by examining whether or not young brands can be perceived as authentic and, if so, how? Adopting a holistic view, the author investigates interpretation—by consumers—and construction—by the brand—of an authentic image in the case of a young brand. The twofold objective of this research involves identifying dimensions of consumer‐perceived brand authenticity in the early stages of the development of an authentic brand and then understanding the practices employed by the brand to support the observed dimensions of authenticity. Supplemented by seven individual interviews, a netnography of the online community of a young brand quickly recognized for authenticity reveals three central dimensions of authenticity, namely, transparency, virtuousness, and proximity. An analysis of brand publications within the community further expose the interplay of indexical (i.e., evidence‐based authenticity signals) and iconic cues (i.e., impression‐based authenticity signals) in support of the dimensions. Findings substantiate the prevalence of brand transparency over both virtuousness and proximity in the early stages of the development of an authentic brand. In addition, although indexical cues dominate in conveying transparency, iconic cues prove central to virtuousness, and both signal proximity. The article, the first to broach the construction of authenticity for a young brand, enhances the corpus of knowledge on authenticity through a re‐examination of the significance and construction of the concept.
Covalently Assembled Dipeptide Nanoparticles with Adjustable Fluorescence Emission for Multicolor Bioimaging
Authors: Li Shukun , Liu Yamei , Xing Ruirui , Yan Xuehai 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPeptide self‐assembly, inspired by the naturally occurring fabrication principle, remains the most attractive in constructing fluorescent nanoagents towards bioimaging. However, the noncovalent interactions that drive peptide self‐assembly are usually susceptible to the complex physiological environment; thus leading to disassembly and dysfunction of fluorescent nanoagents. Herein, a covalently crosslinked assembly strategy for fabrication of stable peptide‐based nanoparticles with adjustable emission is introduced. In the process of cationic diphenylalanine peptide (H‐Phe‐Phe‐NH2⋅HCl) self‐assembly, glutaraldehyde is used as a crosslinker and the resulting product of the Schiff base reaction can be fluorescent. More importantly, the emission wavelength can be readily tuned by controlling the covalent reaction time. It has been demonstrated that the nanoparticles are stable, even after intracellular uptake, and can be used for sustainable multicolor fluorescent imaging. The strategy with integrating peptide self‐assembly and covalent crosslinking could be promising for the design and engineering of functional fluorescent nanoparticles with robust physiological stability and adjustable emission towards improved bioimaging applications.
Kinetic Resolution of Secondary Allyl Boronates and Their Application in the Synthesis of Homoallylic Amines
Authors: Villar Laura , Orlov Nikolai V. , Kondratyev Nikolay S. , Uria Uxue , Vicario Jose L. , Malkov Andrei V. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractHighly enantioenriched, chromatographically‐stable secondary allyl boronates featuring a 1,1,2,2‐tetraethyl‐1,2‐ethanediol fragment (Epin) were obtained by kinetic resolution of their racemic mixtures. The Epin group at boron considerably improved stability of allyl boronates allowing them to be readily isolated by chromatography on silica. The resolved reagents were applied in stereoselective synthesis of homoallylic amines with an internal double bond employing unprotected imines formed in situ from aldehydes and ammonia. The reactions proceeded with an excellent transfer of chirality.
Highly Flexible CsPbI3 Perovskite Nanocrystal Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Lu Min , Wu Hua , Zhang Xiaoyu , Wang Hua , Hu Yue , Colvin Vicki L. , Zhang Yu , Yu William W. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe superior optical and electrical properties of perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) make them attractive for light‐emitting diodes (LEDs). However, making stable flexible LEDs still remains a big challenge. Here, highly flexible CsPbI3 perovskite LEDs were fabricated using a photopolymer as the substrate, and an ultra‐smooth Ag films instead of ITO as the bottom electrode. Moreover, the device electron injection was also improved with Ag electrode. The flexible LEDs exhibited excellent electroluminescence characteristics with a low turn‐on voltage of 2.0 V and an external quantum efficiency of 8.2%. In addition, the flexible LEDs maintained their good performance after 1000 times of repeated 180 degree stretch‐release bending.
Modeling for information spreading basing on dynamics
Authors: Juan Li , Bin Chen 
Published: September 2018

SummaryAs a burning issue in today's society, the study on information spreading has great theoretic and practical implications. After analyzing the dynamics of information spreading, characteristics of decrease progressively probability and step change property have been disclosed. Taking these into account, the variable probability Known/Unknown (VPKU) model for information spreading is built with appropriate parameter assumption. Then, simulation experiments are made to evolve the VPKU model and analyze the regularity of information spreading. Furthermore, applying the VPKU model, the control strategy of information spreading is proposed and discussed. Simulation and analysis shows that the VPKU model can reflect the process of information spreading in different situations with different parameter setting.
Skew‐aware online aggregation over joins through guided sampling
Authors: Wang Yuxiang , Jin Jiahui , Xu Xiaoliang , Zhang Longbin 
Published: September 2018

SummaryOnline aggregation is a query processing technique that returns approximate answers with error guarantees (in the form of confidence intervals) continuously during the query execution process. This approach offers users a suitable tradeoff between query efficiency and accuracy. The key issue of online aggregation is how to ensure a random sample collection's efficiency and effectiveness. However, the often‐used “blind” sampling method does not adequately consider dataset statistics and other useful information, leading to inefficient sampling and poor sample quality. This becomes a glaring performance issue for skewed data distribution over joins. To alleviate this problem, we utilize dataset statistics to propose a new “guided” sampling approach, which consists of a logic‐partition‐based weighted Gaussian sampling method tailored for the skewed join key, as well as a two‐level sample allocation method that applies to the skewed measured value. Extensive experiments using the TPC‐H benchmark for skewed data distribution demonstrate our solution's superior performance.
Intramolecular Noncovalent Carbon Bonding Interaction Stabilizes thecisConformation in Acylhydrazones
Authors: Naseer Muhammad Moazzam , Hussain Majid , Bauzá Antonio , Lo Kong Mun , Frontera Antonio 
Published: September 2018

AbstractNoncovalent carbon bonding, a recently explored σ‐hole interaction, was hitherto supposed to be a weak and structure‐guided interaction. Here, its role in the intramolecular stabilization of thecisconformation of the amide moiety in acylhydrazones is described. The calculations reveal an electron donation from the lone pair of the nitrogen atom to the empty antibonding C−N orbital [LP(N)→BD*(C−N)] with a concomitant stabilization energy ofE(2)=1.2 kcal mol−1.
Determination of the proliferative fractions in differentiating hematopoietic cell lineages of normal bone marrow
Authors: Nies Kelly P.H. , Kraaijvanger Raisa , Lindelauf Kim H.K. , Drent Roosmarie J.M.R. , Rutten Ronald M.J. , Ramaekers Frans C.S. , Leers Math P.G. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBecause of the proven prognostic value of Ki‐67 as a proliferation marker in several types of solid cancers, our goal is to develop and validate a multiparameter flow cytometric assay for the determination of the Ki‐67 expression in hemato‐oncological diseases. The aim of the present study was to establish the reference values for the fraction of Ki‐67 positive cells in and during maturation of individual hematopoietic cell lineages present in normal bone marrow.Aspirates derived from femoral heads of 50 patients undergoing a hip replacement were used for the flow cytometric quantification of Ki‐67 expression in the different hematopoietic cell populations of healthy bone marrow. Furthermore, the proliferative index was investigated in detail for the maturation steps during erythro‐, myelo‐, and monopoiesis using recently described immunophenotypic profiles in combination with a software‐based maturation tool.Reference values for the proliferative index were established for different relevant hematopoietic cell populations in healthy bone marrow. During maturation, the size of the Ki‐67 positive fraction was the highest in the most immature compartment of the myeloid, monocytic, and erythroid cell lineages, followed by a steady decline upon cell maturation. While proerythroblasts showed a proliferative activity of almost 100%, the myelo‐ and monoblast showed a lower proliferative index of on average of 50%, indicating that a relatively large proportion of these cells exist in a quiescent state.In conclusion, we can state that when using a novel combination of immunophenotypic markers, the proliferation marker (Ki‐67) and a software‐based maturation tool, it was possible to determine the proliferative fractions in the diverse hematopoietic cell lineages in bone marrow, in particular during maturation. Using this approach, the proliferative indices for the normal myelo‐, mono‐, and erythropoiesis were determined, which can be used as a reference in future studies of hematologic malignancies originating from bone marrow. © 2018 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Automatically generate two‐dimensional gating hierarchy from clustered cytometry data
Authors: Yang Xingyu , Qiu Peng 
Published: September 2018

AbstractCytometry is an important technique widely used in medicine and biological research. Biologists traditionally analyze single‐cell cytometry data by manual gating, which can be subjective and labor intensive. To address this issue, many automated and semiautomated methods have been developed. These advanced methods are designed to speed up and standardize the analysis of cytometry data, but their popularity is limited by their visualizations which are not intuitive to biologists who are accustomed to the conventional biaxial gating plots. In this article, we present a new method called Cluster‐to‐Gate (C2G) that can take clustering results as input, and automatically generate a nested two‐dimensional gating hierarchy, which is a visualization representation that biologists are familiar with. This method can generate gating sequences for multiple target populations simultaneously and summarize them in one hierarchical tree that represents the gating hierarchy. We have tested this method on target populations defined by manual gating, automated clustering algorithms (k‐means for example), and visualization‐assisted methods (SPADE and tSNE). We have demonstrated that C2G is able to generate gating sequences that capture cell populations defined by the various clustering strategies, and robust to over‐clustered and overlapping target populations. © 2018 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Evolution of ontogenic change in color defenses of swallowtail butterflies
Authors: Gaitonde Nikhil , Joshi Jahnavi , Kunte Krushnamegh 
Published: September 2018

AbstractNatural selection by visually hunting predators has led to the evolution of color defense strategies such as masquerade, crypsis, and aposematism that reduce the risk of predation in prey species. These color defenses are not mutually exclusive, and switches between strategies with ontogenic development are widespread across taxa. However, the evolutionary dynamics of ontogenic color change are poorly understood. Using comparative phylogenetics, we studied the evolution of color defenses in the complex life cycles of swallowtail butterflies (family Papilionidae). We also tested the relative importance of life history traits, chemical and visual backgrounds, and ancestry on the evolution of protective coloration. We found that vulnerable early‐ and late‐instar caterpillars of species that feed on sparsely vegetated, toxic plants were aposematic, whereas species that feed on densely vegetated, nontoxic plants had masquerading and cryptic caterpillars. Masquerading caterpillars resembled bird droppings at early instars and transitioned to crypsis with an increase in body size at late instars. The immobile pupae—safe from motion‐detecting, visually hunting predators—retained the ancestral cryptic coloration in all lineages, irrespective of the toxic nature of the host plant. Thus, color defense strategy (masquerade, crypsis, or aposematism) at a particular lifestage in the life cycle of swallowtail butterflies was determined by the interaction between life history traits such as body size and motion levels, phytochemical and visual backgrounds, and ancestry. We show that ontogenic color change in swallowtail butterflies is an adaptive response to age‐dependent vulnerability to predation.
Laughing away the pain: A narrative review of humour, sense of humour and pain
Authors: Pérez‐Aranda Adrián , Hofmann Jennifer , Feliu‐Soler Albert , Ramírez‐Maestre Carmen , Andrés‐Rodríguez Laura , Ruch Willibald , Luciano Juan V. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveThe link between humour and sense of humour with pain has been a topic of research for decades. The purpose of the present article was to review the different studies that have been conducted to date on the association between humour and sense of humour with pain.Databases and Data TreatmentThe literature search was conducted using the PubMed, Science Direct and ProQuest databases. Forty‐one studies were reviewed, and the results are summarized and structured into three sections: experimental pain, chronic pain and pain in children.ResultsFor experimental pain, the findings support the idea that humorous distractions, such as watching a comedy clip, increase pain tolerance, although most of the studies indicate that other non‐humorous distractions produce similar effects. Regarding chronic pain, humour has been studied as a way of coping with pain and the emotional distress produced by chronic pain conditions. The results of correlational studies show significant associations between the use of humour and main variables such as anxiety and catastrophizing. Finally, concerning pain in children, similar findings to those described for the previous sections have been reported, with a notable presence of studies on clinic clown interventions, which promote emotional well‐being among children and their parents, although their effectiveness in pain reduction is controversial.ConclusionsThe study of the link between humour and pain is still on an early stage, and overcoming the limitations of previous studies is required to strengthen the promising results that have been observed up to date.SignificanceThis review summarizes all main findings regarding humour, sense of humour and pain up until the first half of 2018 and offers a list of aspects to be considered in further studies regarding the link of humour and pain to contribute to a more systematic research.
Involvement of interleukin‐31 receptor A in morphine‐induced itching and antinociception in mice
Authors: Tsuji Minoru , Arai Iwao , Miyagawa Kazuya , Miyagishi Hiroko , Saito Atsumi , Takeda Kotaro , Takeda Hiroshi , Akiyama Nobutake , Saito Saburo 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundMorphine is an effective analgesic for the treatment of severe pain, but it can cause itching in patients. In the present study, we examined the possible involvement of interleukin‐31 (IL‐31) receptor A (IL‐31RA) on the morphine‐induced itching and antinociception in mice.MethodsLong‐lasting scratching (LLS) and short‐lasting scratching (SLS) were estimated as an indicator of itching and nonspecific behaviour, respectively, and antinociception was evaluated using a hot‐plate test in mice.ResultsMorphine (5 mg/kg, s.c.) induced multiple episodes of SLS, few episodes of LLS, and antinociception in naive mice, with a close correlation observed between SLS or LLS counts and antinociception. In IL‐31RA‐deficient (IL‐31RA−/−) mice, morphine (5 mg/kg, s.c.)‐induced LLS but not SLS was completely abolished, while antinociception was partially suppressed with 2.5 and 5 mg/kg but not 10 mg/kg, s.c. of morphine administration. Interestingly, intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of morphine (10 μg/mouse) significantly increased SLS but not LLS, and this effect was higher in IL‐31RA−/− mice than that in wild‐type mice. Furthermore, following i.c.v. administration of morphine (10 μg/mouse), the antinociceptive effect was also significantly higher in IL‐31RA−/− mice than that in wild‐type mice.ConclusionTaken together, the present findings suggest that IL‐31RA may play a significant role, perhaps in the sensory neurons and/or spinal cord rather than in the brain, in the modulation of morphine‐induced itching and antinociception.SignificanceHere, we demonstrate a possible common mediator of itching and antinociception of morphine, interleukin‐31 (IL‐31) receptor A (IL‐31RA). IL‐31RA may be a noteworthy target for considering the novel mechanism of itch and pain signalling affected by morphine.
Can lactate levels be used as a marker of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm babies?
Authors: Okur Nilüfer , Tayman Cüneyt , Büyüktiryaki Mehmet , Kadıoğlu Şimşek Gülsüm , Ozer Bekmez Buse , Altuğ Nahide 
Published: September 2018

ObjectiveSerum lactate levels provide information on metabolic capacity at the cellular level. In addition, lactate reflects tissue perfusion and oxygenation status. The aim of this study was to determine the usefulness of high lactate levels as a marker in hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA), which may lead to tissue perfusion defects.MethodsPreterm infants with gestational age ≤32 weeks and birthweight ≤1500 g were included. Lactate levels were determined at postnatal 48‐72 hours before echocardiographic evaluation. Eligible infants were divided into two groups as infants with and without hsPDA. Cut‐off values for lactate were taken as lactate >4 mmol/L, identified as a high lactate level. Infants were also divided into two groups according to lactate levels as group I: lactate levels >4 mmol/L and group II: lactate levels ≤4 mmol/L. Haemodynamic PDA and lactate levels were compared.ResultsA total of 119 patients with gestational age ≤32 weeks and birthweight ≤1500 g were included in the study. Fifty patients had echocardiographic hsPDA and 69 patients had no PDA. Twelve (24%) of the patients with hsPDA and 22 (31.9%) of the non‐hsPDA patients had a lactate level of 4 mmol/L (P = 0.392). There was no correlation between hsPDA presence and lactate levels (P = 0.35).ConclusionHigh lactate levels are multifactorial and usually indicate impairment of tissue perfusion. There are a number of factors that can lead to impaired tissue perfusion in preterm infants. For the first time in this study, it was shown that lactate levels did not significantly increase in the presence of hemodynamically significant PDA. This may be due to the fact that peripheral tissue perfusion in the presence of hemodynamic PDA does not deteriorate enough to cause an increase in anaerobic metabolism.
Association of robust nitrogen removal with spatiotemporal nitrifying bacterial community dynamics in a new bioreactor for treatment of simulated livestock wastewater with high ammonia content
Authors: Zhang Yimin , Kong Ming , Hua Ming , Wang Longmian , Zhou Mengyue , Peng Fuquan , Qiu Haoyu , Han Wei , Gao Yuexiang , Chao Jianying , Xu Bin , Yang Fei , Zhu Yueming , Jiang Hong 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDDifferent types of nitrogen‐containing wastewater have been treated with dewatered alum sludge (DAS) or neutralized used acid (NUA) or with a combined DAS–NUA biofilter. The connections between the spatiotemporal structures of ammonia‐oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite‐oxidizing bacteria (NOB) and the nitrogen removal performance of DAS–NUA biofilter have not been fully clarified. To address this issue, AOB and NOB genetic characteristics response to nitrogen conversions in a laboratory‐scale DAS–NUA biofilter were investigated.RESULTSThe spatiotemporal distribution of the AOB in DAS was heterogeneous in the bioreactor. The trends observed in its structure were a function of depth along the flowpaths and time. However, AOB in NUA and NOB in both substrates were time and space independent. The spatial and temporal behavior of nitrifying bacteria mainly depended on the pH, followed by dissolved oxygen. The Shannon indexes of AOB and NOB and the relative abundances of Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter had significantly negative relationships with NH+4–N and total nitrogen concentrations in effluents.CONCLUSIONSThe Shannon indexes of AOB and NOB and the relative abundances of Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter were the key indicators of nitrogen removal and have implications for effective nitrogen attenuation strategies. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Solvent‐Free Synthesis of Surfactants of High‐Carbon Alkyl Phosphates Used for Cosmetics
Authors: Xu Dongmei , Liu Zhanglu , Gao Jun , Liu Xiaowei , Yan Peisong , Liu Di , Ma Xiaolong 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe solvent‐free synthesis of surfactants of high‐carbon alkyl phosphate esters (C = 18, 22) using the polyphosphoric acid method was studied in this work. Phosphoric acid (85 wt%) and phosphorus pentoxide were used to prepare a phosphorylation agent. The preparation conditions of octadecyl and docosyl phosphates were optimized. With the optimized synthesis conditions, the high‐carbon alkyl phosphates were prepared with high yield, and their performances were validated. The results indicate that the high‐carbon alkyl phosphates displayed good emulsifying ability and dispersion performance was compared with the other cosmetic surfactants.