bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Saccharomyces uvarum on lipid oxidation and carbonyl compounds in silver carp mince during cold storage
Authors: Xu Lina , Luo Yu , Fu Xiangjin , Luo Feijun , Xu Youzhi , Sun Shuguo 
Published: June 2019

AbstractFish lipid is highly susceptible to oxidation, resulting in accumulation of toxic substances reactive carbonyl compounds (RCCs), the reduction of nutritional value, and the production of odorous substances. In this study, the effect of yeast (Saccharomyces uvarum) on RCCs, fat acid composition, volatiles, and sensory traits in silver carp mince stored at 4°C was evaluated. Yeast eliminated malondialdehyde, 4‐hydroxyl‐2‐hexenal, and 4‐hydroxyl‐2‐nonenal by about 80%, 68%, and 60%, which increased by about 170%, 340%, and 300% in the control, respectively. Yeast helped retain about 80% of the polyunsaturated fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), respectively; only about 53% and 46% of EPA and DHA, respectively, were maintained in the control. Yeast removed off‐odors hexanal, nonanal, and decenal, resulting in enhanced sensory traits. These findings were economically important for improving the quality of fish products. It might present an approach to improve the flavor of fish products.
The role of sleep and wakefulness in myelin plasticity
Authors: de Vivo Luisa , Bellesi Michele 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMyelin plasticity is gaining increasing recognition as an essential partner to synaptic plasticity, which mediates experience‐dependent brain structure and function. However, how neural activity induces adaptive myelination and which mechanisms are involved remain open questions. More than two decades of transcriptomic studies in rodents have revealed that hundreds of brain transcripts change their expression in relation to the sleep–wake cycle. These studies consistently report upregulation of myelin‐related genes during sleep, suggesting that sleep represents a window of opportunity during which myelination occurs. In this review, we summarize recent molecular and morphological studies detailing the dependence of myelin dynamics after sleep, wake, and chronic sleep loss, a condition that can affect myelin substantially. We present novel data about the effects of sleep loss on the node of Ranvier length and provide a hypothetical mechanism through which myelin changes in response to sleep loss. Finally, we discuss the current findings in humans, which appear to confirm the important role of sleep in promoting white matter integrity.
Did UberX reduce ambulance volume?
Authors: Moskatel Leon , Slusky David 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAmbulances are a vital part of emergency medical services. However, they come in single, high intervention form, which is at times unnecessary, resulting in excessive costs for patients and insurers. In this paper, we ask whether UberX's entry into a city caused substitution away from traditional ambulances for low‐risk patients, reducing overall volume. Using a city‐panel over‐time and leverage that UberX enter markets sporadically over multiple years, we find that UberX entry reduced the per capita ambulance volume by at least 6.7%. Our result is robust to numerous specifications.
Assessing the effects of the Three Gorges Dam and upstream inflow change on the downstream flow regime during different operation periods of the dam
Authors: Jiang Cong , Zhang Quan , Luo Mingming 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAs the largest hydroelectric dam in the world, the Three Gorges Dam (TGD) has raised wide concerns over the environmental and ecological impacts since its dramatic effect on the downstream flow regime of the Yangtze River. Since 2003, the TGD has progressed from the initial operation period to the full operation period, with different effects on the downstream flow regime over each period. Although the upstream inflow change (USIC) of the TGD is a possibly additional factor affecting the downstream flow regime, this has drawn little attention. This study aims to quantify the individual contributions of the TGD and the USIC to the changes of the downstream flow regime over different operation periods of the dam. Using the Muskingum routing model and the Xin'anjiang rainfall–run‐off model, we reconstruct the discharge unregulated by the TGD for the post‐TGD period from 2003 to 2015. On this basis, the effects of the TGD and the USIC on the downstream flow regime are quantitatively assessed. Benchmarked against the flow regime during the pre‐TGD period from 1955 to 2002, it is found that the TGD and the USIC play considerable and comparable roles in affecting the downstream flow regime during the whole post‐TGD period from 2003 to 2015. Furthermore, the TGD appears to have a limited effect on the downstream flow regime during the initial operation period from 2003 to 2008 relative to the USIC. In contrast, during the full operation period from 2009 to 2015, the TGD plays a dominant role in changing the downstream flow regime, although the effect of the USIC cannot be neglected. The findings of this study are helpful to understand the exact impacts of the TGD on the downstream flow regime, thereby facilitating the development of a rational strategy for operating the dam.
Systematic review of the effects of birth spacing after cesarean delivery on maternal and perinatal outcomes
Authors: Ye Lei , Cao Wen , Yao Jing , Peng Ge , Zhou Rong 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about the association between birth spacing and subsequent pregnancy outcomes after cesarean delivery.ObjectivesTo summarize the effects of birth spacing after previous caesarean on maternal and perinatal outcomes.Search strategyFour online databases were searched via a multistage search strategy.Selection criteriaStudies assessing the effects of birth spacing on any adverse pregnancy outcome after cesarean were included.Data collection and analysisA narrative synthesis was completed.Main resultsFifteen studies were included. Eight reported that interpregnancy interval (IPI) shorter than 6 months or birth interval (BI) shorter than 16–18 months increased the risk of uterine rupture during trial of labor after previous cesarean. Most studies found no association of birth spacing with vaginal delivery success following spontaneous labor, but the association with vaginal delivery after induced labor was less certain. BI shorter than 12 months was associated with increased risk of placenta previa and placental abruption. Few studies examined the effect of birth spacing after previous cesarean on perinatal outcomes.ConclusionsIPI longer than 6–8 months or BI longer than 18 months was related to decreased risk of maternal morbidity and failed vaginal delivery after previous cesarean.
Differential protein expression profiling by iTRAQ‐2D‐LC‐MS/MS of rats treated with oxaliplatin
Authors: Sun Xianjun , Lv Yubao , Wang Junjun , Cheng HuiQin , Huang Jianhua , Du Yijie , Dong Jingcheng 
Published: June 2019

AbstractClinical application of oxaliplatin, a platinum‐based chemotherapeutic agent, in cancer, especially colorectal cancer, is widely used. However, oxaliplatin‐induced peripheral neurotoxicity (OIPN) has a high incidence, and to date, there have been few detailed studies on pathogenesis and treatment mechanisms. The present study was performed by using a proteomic approach to explore protein expression profiling of rats treated with oxaliplatin by multiplex isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification labeling and two‐dimensional liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry. There were 74 proteins that showed different expression in sciatic nerve between control rats and OIPN model rats, with 53 upregulated proteins and 21 downregulated proteins detected in OIPN groups compared with control groups. On the basis of Gene Ontology clustering, these proteins were associated with biological processes (eg, muscle contraction, muscle system process, and skeletal muscle contraction), cellular component (eg, myofibril, contractile fiber, and contractile fiber part) and molecular function (structural constituent of muscle, hydro‐lyase activity, and calcium ion binding). On the basis of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway database, these proteins were associated with African trypanosomiasis, malaria, nitrogen metabolism, etc. Real‐time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot as well as immunohistochemistry analysis was performed to examine the expression of partially differential protein. In conclusion, our study establishes a protein expression profile of oxaliplatin‐induced rats and mechanisms leading to OIPN development, and will be useful for developing novel diagnostic biomarkers and aiding in the prevention and control of OIPN.
Could microRNA be used as a diagnostic tool for lung cancer?
Authors: Wang Yang , Guan Jian , Wang Yaolin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectivesCurrent methods for diagnosing lung cancer (LC) have varying degrees of risks and complications. MicroRNA (miRNA) is a small molecule noncoding RNA with gene regulation functions. Many studies have shown that miRNA can be used for the diagnosis of LC, but there are differences in diagnostic accuracy. Therefore, we aim to systematically review and meta‐analyze published articles to comprehensively evaluate the diagnostic value of miRNA for LC.Materials and methodsWe searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases, and calculated the area under the curve (AUC) by plotting the summary receiver operator characteristic curve using the sensitivity and specificity of each included study. The AUC was calculated and the likelihood ratio was plotted to assess the diagnostic accuracy of miRNA. We used QUADAS‐2 in Review Manager 5.3 to evaluate the quality of all the articles. The other analyses were performed using the STATA 12.0 software.ResultsWe included a total of 29 articles, 98 studies, and the qualities of all the articles were satisfactory. The overall pooled parameters calculated from all studies were as follows: sensitivity = 0.77, specificity = 0.83, positive likelihood ratio (PLR) = 4.6, negative likelihood ratio (NLR) = 0.28, and AUC = 0.87 for miRNA diagnosis. It had significant advantages over other biomarkers. Subgroup analysis showed that when combined four or more miRNA for the diagnosis of LC, the parameters were as follows: sensitivity = 0.90, specificity = 0.93, PLR = 13.2, NLR = 0.11, and AUC = 0.97.ConclusionFour or more miRNA combination could be used for the diagnosis of LC. Besides this, we also found that miRNA showed a greater advantage in distinguishing LC from benign lung diseases than distinguishing between LC and normal people. Our findings provided a new way of thinking about the clinical diagnosis of LC from a nonmorphological aspect.
RKI‐1447 suppresses colorectal carcinoma cell growth via disrupting cellular bioenergetics and mitochondrial dynamics
Authors: Li Liyi , Chen Qin , Yu Yaojun , Chen Hui , Lu Mingdong , Huang Yingpeng , Li Pihong , Chang Hong 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAccumulated evidence suggested the importance of the Rho/Rho‐kinase (ROCK) signaling pathway in cancer proliferation and invasion. However, its role in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is not well understood. This study evaluated the effect of ROCK signaling pathway on CRC behavior on the basis of a novel Rho/ROCK inhibitor RKI‐1447. Here, we found RKI‐1447 could drastically suppress HCT‐8 and HCT‐116 cell growth and promoted apoptosis. Our in vitro data indicated suppressed cytoskeletal dynamics induced by RKI‐1447 inhibition on mitochondrial respiration, which was evidenced by basal and maximal respiration rates, and ATP production. Simultaneously, cellular basal and maximal glycolytic rates, and glycolytic capacity were also reduced in response to RKI‐1447. Moreover, RKI‐1447 caused excessive reactive oxygen species generation and membrane depolarization as well as activated ER‐stress. We also demonstrated CHOP is essential for RKI‐1447 induced cell apoptosis. Finally, we proved inhibition of ROCK by RKI‐1447 could effectively inhibit CRC growth in vivo. Taken together, this study demonstrated that inhibition of ROCK signaling pathway by RKI‐1447 could suppress CRC via cytoskeleton associated mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular bioenergetics disruption. Our data suggest RKI‐1447 may be an attractive antitumor drug candidate for the treatment of CRC.
The whole transcriptional profiling of cellular metabolism during adipogenesis from hMSCs
Authors: Yi Xia , Liu Jianyun , Wu Ping , Gong Ying , Xu Xiaoyuan , Li Weidong 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMetabolism homeostasis plays an important role in progenitor‐cell differentiation to adipocytes, but less is known about the whole transcriptional profiling of cellular metabolism during adipogenesis. We got the first insight into the whole transcriptional profiling of cellular metabolism during adipogenesis from human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) by the RNA‐Seq technique. There were 1,998, 2,629, 3,112, and 3,054 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at Days 7, 14, 21, and 28, respectively, during adipogenesis. The most enriched phosphatidylinositol 3′ kinase–serine/threonine kinase (PI3K‐Akt) signaling pathway stimulated and directly regulated cellular metabolism by priming glucose aerobic glycolysis, arginine and proline metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and arachidonic acid metabolism during adipogenesis, targeting the potential key genes, such as fatty acid synthase (FABP4), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (PKC1), stearoyl‐CoA desaturase (SCD), and solute carrier family 2 member 1 of Gluts (SLC2A1). And it confirmed PCK1 as the key player for cellular metabolism by small interfering RNA. A comprehensive understanding of cellular metabolism and its regulatory axis of the signaling pathway during adipogenesis would reveal new study and therapy targets for fat metabolism disorders.
Toll‐like receptor 4 contributes to uterine activation by upregulating pro‐inflammatory cytokine and CAP expression via the NF‐κB/P38MAPK signaling pathway during pregnancy
Authors: Chen Zixi , Liu Qiaoli , Zhu Zhaowei , Xiang Fenfen , Wu Rong , Kang Xiangdong 
Published: June 2019

AbstractEvidence indicates that inflammatory response is significant during the physiological process of human parturition; however, the specific signaling pathway that triggers inflammation is undefined. Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) are key upstream gatekeepers that control inflammatory activation before preterm delivery. Our previous study showed that TLR4 expression was significantly increased in human pregnancy tissue during preterm and term labor. Therefore, we explore whether TLR4 plays a role in term labor by initiating inflammatory responses, therefore promoting uterine activation. The results showed that expression of TLR4, interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), IL‐6, tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), CC chemokine ligand 2 (CCL‐2), and uterine contraction‐associated proteins (CAPs) was upregulated in the human and mice term labor (TL) group compared with the not‐in‐labor (TNL) group, and the TLR4 level positively correlated with CAP expression. In pregnant TLR4‐knockout (TLR4−/−) mice, gestation length was extended by 8 hr compared with the wild‐type group, and the expression of IL‐1β, IL‐6, TNF‐α, CCL‐2, and CAPs was decreased in TLR4−/− mice. Furthermore, nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) and P38MAPK activation is involved in the initiation of labor but was inhibited in TLR4−/− mice. In uterine smooth muscle cells, the expression of inflammatory cytokines and CAPs decreased when the NF‐κB and P38MAPK pathway was inhibited. Our data suggest that TLR4 is a key factor in regulating the inflammatory response that drives uterine activation and delivery initiation via activating the NF‐κB/P38MAPK pathway.
Histone demethylase KDM7A is required for stem cell maintenance and apoptosis inhibition in breast cancer
Authors: Meng Zhenzhen , Liu Ying , Wang Jie , Fan Hongjia , Fang Huan , Li Sha , Yuan Lin , Liu Cuicui , Peng You , Zhao Weiwei , Wang Lulu , Li Jing , Feng Jing 
Published: June 2019

AbstractHistone demethylase KDM7A regulates neuronal differentiation and development in mammals. In this study, we found that KDM7A was also required for breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) maintenance. Silencing KDM7A significantly reduced the BCSCs population and mamosphere formation in vitro, and inhibited breast tumor growth in vivo. Restoring KDM7A expression rescued the defect in stem cell maintenance. Our mechanism analysis suggested that KDM7A upregulated the stemness‐associated factors KLF4 and c‐MYC for BCSCs maintenance. In addition, KDM7A knockdown promoted apoptosis through decreasing BCL2 expression and BAD phosphorylation in breast cancer (BrCa). Furthermore, restoring KDM7A and BCL2 expression rescued apoptosis inhibition in breast cancer, suggesting that KDM7A inhibited apoptosis by upregulating the BCL2 level in breast cancer. In conclusion, KDM7A promotes cancer stem cell maintenance and apoptosis inhibition in breast cancer.
Impact of nanoscale zerovalent iron on volatile fatty acid production from food waste: key enzymes and microbial community
Authors: Jin Yong , Gao Ming , Li Hongai , Lin Yujia , Wang Qunhui , Tu Maobing , Ma Hongzhi 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe proper dosage of nanoscale zerovalent iron (NZVI) for volatile fatty acid (VFA) production was optimized and different kinds of organic acids and key enzymes during the process were analyzed to test the effect of NZVI on VFA fermentation from food waste.RESULTSBatch assays showed that proper NZVI dosage can promote VFA production, reaching the maximum accumulation of 22 250 mg COD L−1 at 10 g L−1 dosage, which is 1.92 times higher than that of the control group. Acetic acid accounted for the highest proportion (72%) of VFAs, and lactic acid was the main by‐product of organic acids. The addition of NZVI provided a reducing power for the lactic acid fermentation in the system, which promoted the conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid. Moreover, the addition of NZVI not only greatly promoted the activity of ferredoxin oxidoreductase (0.35 IU g−1) and acetyl‐CoA (1.47 IU g−1) but also caused changes in the microbial community structure in the fermentation system. After adding NZVI, besides Lactobacillus, Olsenella (12.69%) was another dominant bacterium which can rapidly convert the produced lactic acid into short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs), thereby affecting acid production.CONCLUSIONThese key enzymes resulted in the accumulation of VFAs. The fermentative bacteria responsible for SCFA production were also highly enriched in fermentation reactors with NZVI, which was in accordance with the accumulation of SCFAs. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Genetic alterations related to endoscopic treatment of colorectal tumors
Authors: Kuno Toru , Tsukui Yuya , Takano Shinichi , Maekawa Shinya , Yamaguchi Tatsuya , Yoshida Takashi , Kobayashi Shoji , Iwamoto Fumihiko , Ishida Yasuaki , Kawakami Satoshi , Tanaka Keisuke , Fukasawa Yoshimitsu , Muraoka Masaru , Fukasawa Mitsuharu , Shindo Hiroko , Inoue Taisuke , Nakayama Yasuhiro , Mochizuki Kunio , Sato Tadashi , Enomoto Nobuyuki 
Published: June 2019

Background and AimGenetic indicators of endoscopic resection for colorectal carcinoma remain inconclusive. This study analyzed genetic changes in early colorectal tumors that could inform decisions for endoscopic procedures.MethodsA total of 83 colorectal tumors from 81 patients, including adenoma (n = 7), Tis–T1a (n = 22), T1b (n = 14), and advanced carcinoma (n = 40), were analyzed. Tis tumors (n = 16) and some T1 carcinomas (n = 11) were analyzed as mixed adenomas and carcinomas. Lesions were laser‐capture microdissected for DNA extraction, and targeted sequencing of 50 cancer‐related genes was performed. Genetic data were then correlated with clinical records, including magnifying endoscopic findings.ResultsNumbers of gene alteration rates in TP53 and SMAD4 increased with tumor progression from adenoma to carcinoma. Frequencies of mutant variants in TP53 (P = 0.004) and rates of copy number loss in SMAD4 (P = 0.006) increased in carcinoma components of mixed tumors compared to adenoma components. Moreover, adenoma components of T1b carcinomas had higher TP53 mutation rates than Tis or T1a carcinomas (P = 0.011) and pure adenomas (P = 0.026). Gene alterations in TP53 (P = 0.0055) and SMAD4 (P = 0.0055) increased in cases with irregular surface patterns of magnifying endoscopic findings.ConclusionsNumbers of copy number variations and TP53 and SMAD4 alterations were related to colorectal tumor progression. TP53 alteration rates in adenoma components were high in T1b carcinomas, warranting complete treatment with en bloc resection. Magnifying endoscopic findings might reflect the genetic status of colorectal tumors.
Secondary angiosarcoma: A fatal complication of chronic lymphedema
Authors: Farzaliyev Farhad , Hamacher Rainer , Steinau Professor Hans‐Ulrich , Bertram Stefanie , Podleska Lars Erik 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSecondary Angiosarcoma (Stewart‐Treves Syndrome) is a rare malignant cutaneous lesion, which arises in chronic lymphedema of the extremity, often observed after breast cancer treatment. We reviewed the history and the oncological outcome of two patients with this disease. Multimodal therapy including hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion with TNF‐alpha and Melphalan, combined with radical resection of the affected skin and subcutaneous tissue including the fascia, with large safety margins may probably lead to better survival.
Systemic chemotherapy and survival in patients with metastatic low‐grade appendiceal mucinous adenocarcinoma
Authors: Lu Pamela , Fields Adam C. , Meyerhardt Jeffrey A. , Davids Jennifer S. , Shabat Galyna , Bleday Ronald , Goldberg Joel E. , Nash Garrett M. , Melnitchouk Nelya 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundAppendiceal cancer is a rare malignancy that exhibits a wide range of histology and treatment response. Given the rarity and heterogeneous nature of the disease, it has been difficult to define optimal treatment strategies. Our goal is to examine the association between use of systemic chemotherapy and survival in patients with metastatic low‐grade mucinous appendiceal adenocarcinoma.MethodsThe National Cancer Database (2004‐2015) was queried, and patients with mucinous, grade 1, stage IV appendiceal adenocarcinoma were identified. The Kaplan‐Meier method was used to calculate survival, and a Cox regression model was used to identify predictors of survival.ResultsSix hundred and thirty‐nine patients were identified. Five‐year overall survival (OS) for patients undergoing no chemotherapy vs chemotherapy was 52.9% and 61.3%, respectively. After adjusting with Cox proportional hazards model, chemotherapy was not associated with OS (HR:1.1, 95% CI:0.82‐1.40, P = 0.61). Patients who underwent surgical resection (HR:0.40, 95% CI:0.28‐0.57, P < .001) or were female (HR:0.61, 95% CI:0.5‐0.8, P < .001) had improved survival in adjusted analysis.ConclusionsThere is no association between undergoing chemotherapy and OS in this cohort of patients with stage IV low‐grade mucinous appendiceal adenocarcinoma. Development of national treatment guidelines is urgently needed for more consistency in the management of patients with appendiceal cancers.