bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does sentinel lymph node status have prognostic significance in patients with acral lentiginous melanoma?
Authors: Pavri Sabrina N. , Han Gang , Khan Sajid , Han Dale 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe prognostic benefit of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) and factors predictive of survival specifically in patients with acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) are unknown.MethodsThe SEER database was queried for ALM cases that underwent SLNB from 1998 to 2013. Clinicopathological factors were correlated with SLN status, overall survival (OS), and melanoma‐specific survival (MSS).ResultsMedian age for the 753 ALM study patients was 65 years, and 48.2% were male. Median thickness was 2 mm with 38.1% of cases having ulceration. SLN metastases were detected in 194 of 753 cases (25.7%). Multivariable analysis showed that thickness, Clark level IV‐V, and ulceration significantly predicted for SLN metastasis (P < 0.05). For patients with positive SLN, 5‐year OS and MSS were significantly worse at 48.1% and 58.9%, respectively, compared with 78.7% and 88.5%, respectively, for patients with negative SLN (P < 0.0001). On multivariable analyses, older age, male gender, increasing thickness, ulceration, and a positive SLN significantly predicted for worse OS and MSS (all P < 0.05).ConclusionThis study confirms the important role of SLNB in ALM. SLN metastases are seen in 25.7% of ALM cases, providing significant prognostic information. In addition, thickness, ulceration status, and SLNB status significantly predict survival in patients with ALM.
Investigation of surgical adhesives for vocal fold wound closure
Authors: Chen Lei Xi , Coulombe Maxence , Barthelat Francois , Rammal Almoaidbellah , Mongeau Luc , Kost Karen 
Published: March 2019

ObjectivesSurgical adhesives are increasingly used for vocal fold microsurgery to assist wound closure and reduce the risks of scar formation. Currently used vocal fold adhesives such as fibrin glue, however, have thus far not been found to promote wound closure or reduce scarring. The objectives of this study were to investigate the mechanical strength and the cytotoxicity of three commercially available adhesives (Glubran 2, GEM, Viareggio, Italy; BioGlue, CryoLife, Kennesaw, GA; and Tisseel, Baxter Healthcare, Deerfield, IL) for vocal fold wound closure.MethodsShear and tension tests were performed on 150 porcine larynges. The cytotoxicity of the adhesives to immortalized human vocal fold fibroblasts was investigated using neutral red uptake assays.ResultsThe average shear adhesive strength for Tisseel, BioGlue, and Glubran 2 was 13.86 ± 5.03 kilopascal (kPa), 40.92 ± 17.94 kPa, and 68.79 ± 13.29 kPa, respectively. The tensile adhesive strength for Tisseel, BioGlue, and Glubran 2 was 10.70 ± 6.42 kPa, 34.27 ± 12.59 kPa, and 46.67 ± 12.13 kPa, respectively. The vocal fold cell viabilities in extracts of Tisseel, BioGlue, and Glubran 2 were 99.27%, 43.05%, and 1.79%, respectively.ConclusionThere was a clear tradeoff between adhesive strength and toxicity. The maximum failure strength in shear or tension of the three surgical adhesives ranked from strongest to the weakest was: 1) Glubran 2, 2) BioGlue, and 3) Tisseel. Tisseel was found to be the least toxic of the three adhesives, whereas Glubran 2 was the most toxic.Level of EvidenceNALaryngoscope, 129:2139–2146, 2019
The effect of melanin on in vivo optical coherence tomography of the skin in a multiethnic cohort
Authors: Ekelem Chloe , Yu Junxiao , Heydarlou Dorsa , Heidari Emon , Csuka Ella , Chen Zhongping , Mesinkovska Natasha Atanaskova 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundNoninvasive real‐time assessment of living tissue is quickly becoming invaluable for bolstering histologic and dermatoscopic measures of cutaneous conditions. While many skin researchers have explored the utility of noninvasive imaging in inflammatory and malignant skin conditions, there is yet to be a definitive and direct assessment of the effects of melanin on the quality of optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging and its accuracy in multiethnic patient populations. We conducted a study to evaluate the effects of melanin on the quality of in vivo OCT imaging.MethodsVolunteers of all Fitzpatrick skin types were imaged once in five skin regions. Images were analyzed for quality, defined quantitatively as depreciation of light as it passes through the depth of skin, and qualitatively as depth and contrast ranked by blinded clinicians.ResultsOur analysis of sixteen subjects shows that there is a significant difference in quantitative OCT image quality between light (Fitzpatrick I–III) and dark (IV–VI) skin types for both epidermal (p 0.0328) and dermal levels (p 0.0021). However, there was no significant difference in qualitative blinded rater measures of image clarity (p 0.11) or perceived depth (p 0.13).ConclusionBased on our definition of image quality, our study shows that OCT images taken from darker skin types have slightly lower quality than those taken from lighter skin. However, because blinded rater assessment showed no differences in clarity or perceived depth, we conclude that OCT may be used without hesitation for manual visualization of skin and its appendages in all Fitzpatrick skin types. Further studies are required to more extensively characterize the effects of melanin on OCT imaging. Lasers Surg. Med. 51:407–411, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
How to apply the movement disorder society criteria for diagnosis of progressive supranuclear palsy
Authors: Grimm Max‐Joseph , Respondek Gesine , Stamelou Maria , Arzberger Thomas , Ferguson Leslie , Gelpi Ellen , Giese Armin , Grossman Murray , Irwin David J. , Pantelyat Alexander , Rajput Alex , Roeber Sigrun , van Swieten John C. , Troakes Claire , Antonini Angelo , Bhatia Kailash P. , Colosimo Carlo , van Eimeren Thilo , Kassubek Jan , Levin Johannes , Meissner Wassilios G. , Nilsson Christer , Oertel Wolfgang H. , Piot Ines , Poewe Werner , Wenning Gregor K. , Boxer Adam , Golbe Lawrence I. , Josephs Keith A. , Litvan Irene , Morris Huw R. , Whitwell Jennifer L. , Compta Yaroslau , Corvol Jean‐Christophe , Lang Anthony E. , Rowe James B. , Höglinger Günter U. ,   for the Movement Disorder Society‐endorsed PSP Study Group
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe Movement Disorder Society criteria for progressive supranuclear palsy define diagnostic allocations, stratified by certainty levels and clinical predominance types. We aimed to study the frequency of ambiguous multiple allocations and to develop rules to eliminate them.MethodsWe retrospectively collected standardized clinical data by chart review in a multicenter cohort of autopsy‐confirmed patients with progressive supranuclear palsy, to classify them by diagnostic certainty level and predominance type and to identify multiple allocations.ResultsComprehensive data were available from 195 patients. More than one diagnostic allocation occurred in 157 patients (80.5%). On average, 5.4 allocations were possible per patient. We developed four rules for Multiple Allocations eXtinction (MAX). They reduced the number of patients with multiple allocations to 22 (11.3%), and the allocations per patient to 1.1.ConclusionsThe proposed MAX rules help to standardize the application of the Movement Disorder Society criteria for progressive supranuclear palsy. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Enabling free‐breathing background suppressed renal pCASL using fat imaging and retrospective motion correction
Authors: Bones Isabell K. , Harteveld Anita A. , Franklin Suzanne L. , van Osch Matthias J. P. , Hendrikse Jeroen , Moonen Chrit T. W. , Bos Clemens , van Stralen Marijn 
Published: March 2019

PurposeFor free‐breathing renal perfusion imaging using arterial spin labeling (ASL), retrospective image realignment has been found essential to reduce subtraction artifacts and, independently, background suppression has been demonstrated to reduce physiologic noise. However, negative results on ASL precision and accuracy have been reported for the combination of both. In this study, the effect of background suppression ‐level in combination with image registration on free‐breathing renal ASL signal quality, with registration either on ASL‐images themselves or guided by additionally acquired fat‐images, was investigated. The results from free‐breathing acquisitions were compared with the reference paced‐breathing motion compensation strategy.MethodsPseudocontinuous ASL (pCASL) data with additional fat‐images were acquired from 10 subjects at 1.5T with varying background suppression levels during free‐breathing and paced‐breathing. Images were registered using the ASL‐images themselves (ASLReg) or using their corresponding fat‐images (FatReg). Temporal signal‐to‐noise ratio (tSNR) served to evaluate precision and perfusion weighted signal (PWS) to assess accuracy.ResultsIn combination with image registration, background suppression significantly improved tSNR by 50% (P < .05). For heavy suppression, ASLReg and FatReg showed similar performance in terms of tSNR and PWS. Background suppression with two inversion pulses induced a small, nonsignificant (P > .05) PWS reduction, but increased PWS accuracy. When applying heavy background suppression, free‐breathing acquisitions resulted in similar ASL‐quality to paced‐breathing acquisitions.ConclusionBackground suppression was found beneficial for free‐breathing renal pCASL precision without compromising accuracy, despite motion challenges. In combination with ASLReg or FatReg, background suppression enabled clinically viable free‐breathing renal pCASL.
IL‐8 and CXCR1 expression is associated with cancer stem cell‐like properties of clear cell renal cancer
Authors: Corrò Claudia , Healy Marc E , Engler Stefanie , Bodenmiller Bernd , Li Zhe , Schraml Peter , Weber Achim , Frew Ian J , Rechsteiner Markus , Moch Holger 
Published: March 2019

AbstractRecent studies suggest that clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) possesses a rare population of cancer stem cells (CSCs) that might contribute to tumor heterogeneity, metastasis and therapeutic resistance. Nevertheless, their relevance for renal cancer is still unclear. In this study, we successfully isolated CSCs from established human ccRCC cell lines. CSCs displayed high expression of the chemokine IL‐8 and its receptor CXCR1. While recombinant IL‐8 significantly increased CSC number and properties in vitro, CXCR1 inhibition using an anti‐CXCR1 antibody or repertaxin significantly reduced these features. After injection into immune‐deficient mice, CSCs formed primary tumors that metastasized to the lung and liver. All xenografted tumors in mice expressed high levels of IL‐8 and CXCR1. Furthermore, IL‐8/CXCR1 expression significantly correlated with decreased overall survival in ccRCC patients. These results suggest that the IL‐8/CXCR1 phenotype is associated with CSC‐like properties in renal cancer. © 2019 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Feasibility of continuous temperature monitoring in pediatric immunocompromised patients: A pilot study
Authors: Sampson Megan , Hickey Victoria , Huber John , Alonso Priscila Badia , Davies Stella M. , Dandoy Christopher E. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractEarly recognition of fever is paramount in reducing morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. We performed a pilot study to determine the feasibility, safety, and tolerability of continuous temperature monitoring via TempTraq, a continuous temperature monitoring patch. Ten pediatric patients were enrolled and received continuous temperature monitoring over 5 days in addition to episodic monitor (standard of care). Episodic monitoring failed to detect fever in two patients and there was a significant delay (>12 h) of fever detection in two others that was detected with TempTraq. Additionally, caregivers reported TempTraq was tolerable and easy to apply.
The impact of insurance coverage on the prenatal genetic counseling process: An exploration of genetic counselors' experiences with TRICARE
Authors: Brown Jordan , O'Neill Suzanne , DiNonno Wendy , Hess Olivia 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe prenatal genetic counseling process may be influenced by the patient's insurance coverage for both prenatal testing and termination. Major commercial insurance providers have different policies. TRICARE is the United States Department of Defense health program for uniformed service members. TRICARE provides coverage to approximately 9.4 million beneficiaries, including health plans, special programs, prescriptions, and dental plans. TRICARE's covered medical expenses are outlined in their policies, including those pertaining to genetic testing and termination. This qualitative study aimed to explore the extent to which insurance coverage of prenatal genetic testing and termination of pregnancy affect the genetic counseling process by exploring genetic counselors' experience with TRICARE. The majority of counselors stated that they did not change their overall counseling process for TRICARE patients. However, several counselors expressed that they changed the way they discussed cost with TRICARE patients, specifically in regard to genetic testing. Additionally, counselors provided their perceptions of their patients' emotional experiences. With the recent consolidation of the three TRICARE regions into two TRICARE Regional Office (TRO) regions and the renewal of the Laboratory Developed Tests Demonstration Project, the findings of this study are valuable in the evaluation of TRICARE's coverage of prenatal genetic services.
Coupling and decarboxylation mechanism of oxaloacetic acid and ethylenediamine: A theoretical investigation
Authors: Cheng Xueli 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe decarboxylation mechanism of deprotonated oxaloacetate at pH = 8.0 in aid of protonated ethylenediamine was investigated systematically by full optimization at M06‐2X/6‐311++G(d,p) level combined with the CPCM solvation model to consider the effect of bulk water, where the roles of the carbinolamine and imine intermediates were elucidated. In the minimum energy path, the NH3+ group binds to the β‐carboxyl group of oxaloacetate via a hydrogen bond, and the amino group as both a nucleophile and an electrophile connects to the CO group by a hydrogen transfer process with a free‐energy barrier of 131.9 kJ/mol. Then the carbinolamine intermediate is dehydrated to form an imine with a total barrier of 164.2 kJ/mol, which is the rate‐limiting step in this energetically most favorable channel. After a proton transfer process, the β‐decarboxylation barrier is only 49.6 kJ/mol.
Producing highly linear polyethylenes by using t‐butyl‐functionalized 2,6‐bis(imino)pyridylchromium(III) chlorides
Authors: Huang Chuanbing , Vignesh Arumugam , Bariashir Chantsalnyam , Mahmood Qaiser , Ma Yanping , Sun Yang , Sun Wen‐Hua 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTA new family of t‐butyl substituted chromium(III) chloride complexes (Cr1–Cr6), bearing 2‐(1‐(2,6‐dibenzhydryl‐4‐t‐butylphenylimino)ethyl)‐6‐(1‐(arylimino)ethyl)pyridine (aryl = 2,6‐Me2C6H3 Cr1, 2,6‐Et2C6H3 Cr2, 2,6‐i‐Pr2C6H3 Cr3, 2,4,6‐Me3C6H2 Cr4 and 2,6‐Et2‐4‐MeC6H2 Cr5) or 2,6‐bis(1‐(2,6‐dibenzhydryl‐4‐t‐butylphenylimino)ethyl)pyridine (Cr6), has been synthesized by the reaction of CrCl3·6H2O in good yield with the corresponding ligands (L1–L6), respectively. The molecular structures of Cr2 and Cr6 were characterized by X‐ray diffraction highlighted a distorted octahedral geometry with the coordinated N,N,N ligand and three bonded chlorides around the metal center. On activation with modified methylaluminoxane or triisobutyl aluminum, most of the chromium precatalysts exhibit good activities toward ethylene polymerization and produce linear polyethylenes with high‐molecular weight. In addition, an in‐depth catalytic evaluation of Cr2 was conducted to investigate how cocatalyst type and amount, reaction temperature, and run time affect the catalytic activities and polymer properties. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 1049–1058
A randomized controlled intervention to promote readiness to genetic counseling for breast cancer survivors
Authors: Kasting Monica L. , Conley Claire C. , Hoogland Aasha I. , Scherr Courtney L. , Kim Jongphil , Thapa Ram , Reblin Maija , Meade Cathy D. , Lee M. Catherine , Pal Tuya , Quinn Gwendolyn P. , Vadaparampil Susan T. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectiveBreast cancer (BC) survivors with a genetic mutation are at higher risk for subsequent cancer; knowing genetic risk status could help survivors make decisions about follow‐up screening. Uptake of genetic counseling and testing (GC/GT) to determine BRCA status is low among high risk BC survivors. This study assessed feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a newly developed psychoeducational intervention (PEI) for GC/GT.MethodsHigh risk BC survivors (N = 119) completed a baseline questionnaire and were randomized to the intervention (PEI video/booklet) or control (factsheet) group. Follow‐up questionnaires were completed 2 weeks after baseline (T2), and 4 months after T2 (T3). We analyzed recruitment, retention (feasibility), whether the participant viewed study materials (acceptability), intent to get GC/GT (efficacy), and psychosocial outcomes (eg, perceived risk, Impact of Events Scale [IES]). t tests or chi‐square tests identified differences between intervention groups at baseline. Mixed models examined main effects of group, time, and group‐by‐time interactions.ResultsGroups were similar on demographic characteristics (P ≥ .05). Of participants who completed the baseline questionnaire, 91% followed through to study completion and 92% viewed study materials. A higher percentage of participants in the intervention group moved toward GC/GT (28% vs 8%; P = .027). Mixed models demonstrated significant group‐by‐time interactions for perceived risk (P = .029), IES (P = .027), and IES avoidance subscale (P = .012).ConclusionsThe PEI was feasible, acceptable, and efficacious. Women in the intervention group reported greater intentions to pursue GC, greater perceived risk, and decreased avoidance. Future studies should seek to first identify system‐level barriers and facilitators before aiming to address individual‐level barriers.
Communication of emotion in home hospice cancer care: Implications for spouse caregiver depression into bereavement
Authors: Reblin Maija , Baucom Brian R.W. , Clayton Margaret F. , Utz Rebecca , Caserta Michael , Lund Dale , Mooney Kathi , Ellington Lee 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectiveFamily caregivers of cancer hospice patients likely benefit from clinician provision of verbal support and from expression of positive emotions. Our aim was to identify the effects of hospice nurse supportive communication as well as caregiver‐nurse exchange of positive emotions on family caregiver depression during bereavement.MethodsThis prospective, observational longitudinal study included hospice nurses (N = 58) and family caregivers of cancer patients (N = 101) recruited from 10 hospice agencies in the United States. Digitally recorded nurse home visit conversations were coded using Roter interaction analysis system to capture emotion‐focused caregiver‐nurse communication and supportive nurse responses. Caregivers completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale Anxiety Subscale and Geriatric Depression Scale‐Short Form at study enrollment and at 2, 6, and 12 months after patient death.ResultsCaregivers had moderate levels of depression at study enrollment and throughout bereavement. Multilevel modeling revealed that caregiver positive emotion communication and nurse emotional response communication are associated with caregiver depression in bereavement. There was no significant association between caregiver distress communication and depression in bereavement.ConclusionsThis is the first study to demonstrate that communication demonstrating emotional expression between cancer spouse caregivers and nurses during home hospice may have implications for caregiver depression up to a year after patient death. Our findings may help identify caregivers who may be coping well in the short term but may struggle more over time.
Assessing the cost‐effectiveness of RT Prepare: A radiation therapist–delivered intervention for reducing psychological distress prior to radiotherapy
Authors: Youens David , Halkett Georgia , Wright Cameron , O'Connor Moira , Schofield Penelope , Jefford Michael , Aranda Sanchia , Kane Robert , Moorin Rachael ,   on behalf of the RT Prepare project team
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the cost‐effectiveness of RT Prepare in reducing breast cancer patients' psychological distress before treatment, compared with usual care.MethodsRT Prepare, an intervention involving patient education and support consultations with a radiation therapist (RT), was implemented at three Australian sites (Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registration: ACTRN12611001000998). The primary outcome was change in psychological distress using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS); secondary outcomes were changes in quality of life (QoL) and additional health service use. Costs (2015 $AU) included consultation time and training delivery. Between‐group comparisons of HADS and QoL used generalised linear mixed models, and comparisons of health service use used negative binomial regression. Incremental cost‐effectiveness ratios (ICERs) indicated mean costs per 1‐point decrease in HADS score. Sensitivity analyses explored variation in facility size and uncertainty in intervention effectiveness.ResultsAmong 218 controls and 189 intervention participants, the intervention significantly lowered HADS scores at treatment commencement (adjusted mean difference 1.06 points). There was no significant effect on QoL or additional service use. Mean intervention costs were AU$171 per participant (US$130, €119) mostly related to RT training (approximately AU$142 (US$108, €99). An ICER of $158 (US$120, €110) was estimated. Cost‐effectiveness improved in a sensitivity analysis representing a large facility with higher patient numbers.ConclusionThis study provides new data on the cost‐effectiveness of an RT‐delivered intervention to reduce psychological distress prior to treatment, which will be useful to inform delivery of similar services. As most costs were upfront, cost‐effectiveness would likely improve if implemented as standard care.