bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climate evolution across the Mid-Brunhes Transition
Authors: Barth Aaron M. , Clark Peter U. , Bill Nicholas S. , He Feng , Pisias Nicklas G. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract. The Mid-Brunhes Transition (MBT) began ∼ 430 ka with an increase in
the amplitude of the 100 kyr climate cycles of the past 800 000 years. The
MBT has been identified in ice-core records, which indicate interglaciations
became warmer with higher atmospheric CO2 levels after the MBT, and
benthic oxygen isotope (δ18O) records, which suggest that
post-MBT interglaciations had higher sea levels and warmer temperatures than
pre-MBT interglaciations. It remains unclear, however, whether the MBT was a
globally synchronous phenomenon that included other components of the climate
system. Here, we further characterize changes in the climate system across
the MBT through statistical analyses of ice-core and δ18O
records as well as sea-surface temperature, benthic carbon isotope, and dust
accumulation records. Our results demonstrate that the MBT was a global event
with a significant increase in climate variance in most components of the
climate system assessed here. However, our results indicate that the onset of
high-amplitude variability in temperature, atmospheric CO2, and sea
level at ∼430 ka was preceded by changes in the carbon cycle, ice
sheets, and monsoon strength during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 14 and MIS 13.
Developing a drought-monitoring index for the contiguous US using SMAP
Authors: Sadri Sara , Wood Eric F. , Pan Ming 
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Since April 2015, NASA's Soil Moisture Active Passive
(SMAP) mission has monitored near-surface soil moisture, mapping the globe
(between 85.044∘ N/S) using an L-band
(1.4 GHz) microwave radiometer in 2–3 days depending on location. Of
particular interest to SMAP-based agricultural applications is a monitoring
product that assesses the SMAP near-surface soil moisture in terms of
probability percentiles for dry and wet conditions. However, the short SMAP
record length poses a statistical challenge for meaningful assessment of its
indices. This study presents initial insights about using SMAP for monitoring
drought and pluvial regions with a first application over the contiguous
United States (CONUS). SMAP soil moisture data from April 2015 to December
2017 at both near-surface (5 cm) SPL3SMP, or Level 3, at ∼36 km
resolution, and root-zone SPL4SMAU, or Level 4, at ∼9 km resolution,
were fitted to beta distributions and were used to construct probability
distributions for warm (May–October) and cold (November–April) seasons. To
assess the data adequacy and have confidence in using short-term SMAP for a
drought index estimate, we analyzed individual grids by defining two filters
and a combination of them, which could separate the 5815 grids covering CONUS
into passed and failed grids. The two filters were (1) the
Kolmogorov–Smirnov (KS) test for beta-fitted long-term and the short-term
variable infiltration capacity (VIC) land surface model (LSM)
with 95 % confidence and (2) good correlation (≥0.4) between beta-fitted VIC and
beta-fitted SPL3SMP. To evaluate which filter is the best, we defined a mean
distance (MD) metric, assuming a VIC index at 36 km resolution as the
ground truth. For both warm and cold seasons, the union of the filters –
which also gives the best coverage of the grids throughout CONUS – was
chosen to be the most reliable filter. We visually compared our SMAP-based
drought index maps with metrics such as the U.S. Drought Monitor (from
D0–D4), 1-month Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) and near-surface VIC from
Princeton University. The root-zone drought index maps were shown to be
similar to those produced by the root-zone VIC, 3-month SPI,
and the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE). This study is a step forward towards building a
national and international soil moisture monitoring system without which
quantitative measures of drought and pluvial conditions will remain difficult
to judge.
Analysis of the risk associated with coastal flooding hazards: a new historical extreme storm surges dataset for Dunkirk, France
Authors: Hamdi Yasser , Garnier Emmanuel , Giloy Nathalie , Duluc Claire-Marie , Rebour Vincent 
Published: December 2018

Abstract. This paper aims to demonstrate the technical feasibility of a historical
study devoted to French nuclear power plants (NPPs) which can be prone to
extreme coastal flooding events. It has been shown in the literature that the
use of historical information (HI) can significantly improve the
probabilistic and statistical modeling of extreme events. There is a
significant lack of historical data on coastal flooding (storms and storm
surges) compared to river flooding events. To address this data scarcity and
to improve the estimation of the risk associated with coastal flooding
hazards, a dataset of historical storms and storm surges that hit the
Nord-Pas-de-Calais region during the past five centuries was created from
archival sources, examined and used in a frequency analysis (FA) in order to
assess its impact on frequency estimations. This work on the Dunkirk site
(representative of the Gravelines NPP) is a continuation of previous work
performed on the La Rochelle site in France. Indeed, the frequency model (FM)
used in the present paper had some success in the field of coastal hazards
and it has been applied in previous studies to surge datasets to prevent
coastal flooding in the La Rochelle region in France. In a first step, only information collected from the literature (published
reports, journal papers and PhD theses) is considered. Although this first
historical dataset has extended the gauged record back in time to 1897,
serious questions related to the exhaustiveness of the information and about
the validity of the developed FM have remained unanswered. Additional
qualitative and quantitative HI was extracted in a second step from many
older archival sources. This work has led to the construction of storm and
coastal flooding sheets summarizing key data on each identified event. The
quality control and the cross-validation of the collected information, which
have been carried out systematically, indicate that it is valid and complete
in regard to extreme storms and storm surges. Most of the HI collected is in
good agreement with other archival sources and documentary climate
reconstructions. The probabilistic and statistical analysis of a dataset
containing an exceptional observation considered as an outlier (i.e., the
1953 storm surge) is significantly improved when the additional HI collected
in both literature and archives is used. As the historical data tend to be
extreme, the right tail of the distribution has been reinforced and the
1953 “exceptional” event does not appear as an outlier any more. This new
dataset provides a valuable source of information on storm surges for future
characterization of coastal hazards.
The short timescale variability of the oxygen inventory in the NE Black Sea slope water
Authors: Ostrovskii Alexander G. , Zatsepin Andrey G. , Solovyev Vladimir A. , Soloviev Dmitry M. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Warm winters have recently become common over the Black Sea, leading to the
risk of shoaling oxygen penetration. The insufficient supply of oxygen to the
near-bottom layer may result in a decrease in faunal abundance. However,
there is a lack of data on the temporal variations in oxygen throughout the
water column over short timescales of hours to weeks. In this paper, new
observations over the upper part of the NE Black Sea continental slope are
presented. Regular, frequent measurements were performed using a moored
profiler from January to early March 2016. The profiling allowed for direct
observations of the temperature in the cold intermediate layer (CIL),
pycnocline structure, current velocity, and oxygen stratification and in
particular, the depths of hypoxia onset. The average local oxygen inventory
below a depth of 30 m was 24.9 mol m−2. Relatively high/low oxygen
inventory cases were related to the thin/thick main pycnocline, which was
associated with the onshore/offshore location of the Black Sea Rim Current.
The pycnocline hindered the vertical transport of oxygenated water to the
CIL. The vertical displacements of the hypoxia onset depth ranged from
97 to 170 m, while the shelf edge depth in this region usually ranged from
90 to 100 m. Intermittently, the hypoxia boundary depth fluctuated on two timescales: ∼17 h due to inertial oscillations and 3–7 days due to
current meanders and eddies.
The Last “Hero” and Jia Pingwa's Ecological Concerns in Remembering Wolves
Authors: He Weihua 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
As a writer rooted in China's historical, social, and cultural transformation, Jia Pingwa has expressed in his works his anxieties over environmental deterioration and the effects of that deterioration on people. With the thriving of ecocriticism in China, his Remembering Wolves has received a new wave of significant attention due to its ecological concerns. In tracing Gao Ziming's journey to photograph the fifteen remaining wolves in Shangzhou, Jia weaves different strands of ecological thoughts into the story. Through a close reading of this novel, this essay first attempts to reveal the way Jia expresses his anxieties over the current racial degeneration, it then proceeds to analyze his mobilization of traditional Chinese ecological thoughts in his representation of nature. It ends by highlighting the intrinsic connection between the environmental crisis and the current social problems in China.
Performance and Cognition: How the Performing Arts Contribute to The Science of Mind
Authors: Rokotnitz Naomi 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe explosion of interest in “4E cognition” in recent years marks a change, not merely in scientific approaches to material brains and bodies, but in attitudes to the processes by which humans think, feel, communicate, and create. This article traces how the evolution of the new field of “the cognitive humanities”—which fosters cross-fertilization between theorists and practitioners from the “humanities” and empirical experimenters in the “sciences”—has been expressed in the work of performers and performance scholars over the last thirty years, leading up to the most recent projects currently underway (in the summer of 2017). I analyze how these forms of artistic and scholarly production contribute to our increasingly nuanced understanding of the breadth and complexity of the human affective, emotional, cognitive, and cultural spectrum.
(Un)Healthy Systems: Merleau-Ponty, Dewey, and the Dynamic Equilibrium Between Self and Environment
Authors: McMahon Laura 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT
Against empiricist and rationalist prejudices concerning the nature of issues related to “mental health,” this article offers a phenomenological account of identity as developed in a meaningful system with the environment (Umwelt) or world (Welt). Drawing on the work of Merleau-Ponty and Dewey, I argue that behavioral and emotional health and illness must be understood in terms of the plasticity or rigidity, respectively, of the individual's responses in the face of new and threatening environmental demands. However, individual plasticity and rigidity are not given qualities of the individual but are themselves developed in healthy or unhealthy interpersonal environments. I discuss three cases of emotional and behavioral trouble in order to explore the manner in which unhealthy self-environment systems can undermine individuals' powers of adaptability and growth.
De ISU-beschikking; rijdt de Commissie een scheve schaats?
Authors: Roscam Abbing Felix 
Published: December 2018

De ISU-beschikking; rijdt de Commissie een scheve schaats?
Recentelijk heeft de Europese Commissie geoordeeld dat de regels van de ISU op grond waarvan schaatsers die aan niet-geautoriseerde wedstrijden van derden meedoen een langdurige of zelfs levenslange schorsing riskeren, in strijd zijn met het mededingingsrecht. De Commissie concludeert dat de ISU-regels een doelbeperking zijn in de zin van artikel 101 VWEU. In deze annotatie wordt besproken of deze zaak zich wel leent voor beoordeling als doelbeperking in plaats van gevolgbeperking, en of artikel 101 VWEU überhaupt wel zou moeten worden toegepast. Als laatste wordt kort besproken of dergelijke zaken wel zouden moeten worden beoordeeld onder het mededingingsrecht.
Optimism, Social Intelligence and Positive Affect as Predictors of University Students’ Life Satisfaction
Authors: Rezaei Akbar , Khosroshahi Jafar Bahadori 
Published: December 2018

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between optimism, social intelligence, and positive affect with students’ life satisfaction. The sample included 332 students of humanities sciences (213 females and 119 males) from Payame Noor University–Tabriz branch, who were randomly selected using stratified and multiple-stage cluster sampling. Extended Life Orientation questionnaire, Tromso Social Intelligence questionnaire, Positive affect and life satisfaction scales were used as data collection instruments and the data were analysed by Pearson’s correlation and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. The results of Pearson’s correlation analysis indicated a positive and meaningful correlation between social information processing, social skills, optimism, positive affect, and life satisfaction. Furthermore, the results of hierarchical multiple regression analysis also indicated the direct effect of social information processing and social skills on life satisfaction that later disappeared when optimism and positive affect were introduced in the second step. In the final model, only measures of optimism and positive affect were statistically meaningful. Therefore, social intelligence and positive affect promote (past tense?) life satisfaction in university students.
Development and Validation of Stability Indicating High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatographic (HPTLC) Method for Quantification of Asiaticoside from Centella asiatica L. and its Marketed Formulation
Authors: Patel Lisa J , Raval Manan A , Patel Samir G , Patel Archita J 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Background: Ayurvedic medicines help in healing disease with fewer undesirable effects in comparison with an allopathic system of medicine to treat central nervous system (CNS) disorders, as the latter is more expensive. Centella asiatica L. is often used in Ayurvedic formulations for the treatment of CNS disorders. Objective: A stability test using an HPTLC method for the estimation of an important marker asiaticoside (ASI) from C. asiatica powder and marketed formulation was developed. Methods: The marker compound ASI from plant powders and marketed formulations were resolved using toluene–ethyl acetate–methanol–glacial acetic acid (2+7+3+1, v/v/v/v) as the mobile phase and then was derivatized. The plant powder and marketed formulation were also subjected to stability studies. Results: The Rf value of ASI was found in range of 0.43–0.47 for the standard ASI, plant powder, and marketed formulation. It was found that the plant powder and formulation exhibited first-order degradation kinetics. Conclusions: The contents of ASI in the formulation (Churna) and its flow characters reduced at the end of the 6 months during an accelerated stability study. The developed method can be used to quantify ASI in the presence of its degradation products. Highlights: The developed method helps in determining batch to batch variation in the content of ASI in herbal formulations.
External Quality Assurance of Platelet Function Assays: Results of the College of American Pathologists Proficiency Testing Program
Authors: Chandler Wayne L. , Brown Alan F. , Chen Dong , Moser Karen , Olson John D. , Pham Huy Phu , Smock Kristi J. , Volod Oksana , Higgins Russell A. 
Published: December 2018

Context.—The College of American Pathologists (CAP) developed proficiency testing for platelet function assays by using blood collected by the participant added to challenge tubes containing either saline (normal) or tirofiban (abnormal).Objective.—To analyze platelet function proficiency testing for Platelet Function Analyzer PFA-100, platelet aggregation, PlateletWorks, and PlateletMapping.Design.—Proficiency testing data from 2012–2016 were analyzed.Results.—For PFA-100, a total of 1200 laboratories participated; the coefficient variation (CV) of cartridge closure times was 22% (saline); 44,952 of 45,616 survey responses (99%) provided an interpretation, and 42,934 of 44,952 (96%) were correct. For optical platelet aggregation, 190 laboratories participated; the CV was 17% (saline), 7444 of 7813 survey responses (95%) provided an interpretation, and 7015 of 7444 (94%) were correct. For PlateletWorks, 60 laboratories participated; the CV was 3% to 11% (saline); 2412 of 2454 survey responses (98%) provided an interpretation, and 1207 of 1276 (95%) were correct for adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and 936 of 1136 (82%) for collagen. For PlateletMapping, 200 laboratories participated. For ADP, 1128 of 2697 survey responses (42%) provided an interpretation, but only 927 of 1128 (82%) were correct. For arachidonic acid, 1139 of 2604 survey responses (44%) provided an interpretation and 964 of 1139 (85%) were correct.Conclusions.—CAP is the first to provide proficiency testing for platelet aggregation, PlateletWorks, and PlateletMapping. Platelet aggregation, PFA-100, and PlateletWorks using ADP as an agonist performed well with more than 90% of laboratories providing an interpretation and a similar number providing correct results. PlateletWorks using collagen and PlateletMapping showed worse interpretive accuracy than the other methods.
Modulation of corticomotor excitability in response to distal focal cooling
Authors: Ansari Yekta , Remaud Anthony , Tremblay François 
Published: December 2018

Background
Thermal stimulation has been proposed as a modality to facilitate motor recovery in neurological populations, such as stroke. Recently (Ansari, Remaud & Tremblay, 2018), we showed that application of cold or warm stimuli distally to a single digit produced a variable and short lasting modulation in corticomotor excitability. Here, our goal was to extend these observations to determine whether an increase in stimulation area could elicit more consistent modulation.

Methods
Participants (n = 22) consisted of a subset who participated in our initial study. Participants were asked to come for a second testing session where the thermal protocol was repeated but with extending the stimulation area from single-digit (SD) to multi-digits (MD, four fingers, no thumb). As in the first session, skin temperature and motor evoked potentials (MEPs) elicited with transcranial magnetic stimulation were measured at baseline (BL, neutral gel pack at 22 °C), at 1 min during the cooling application (pre-cooled 10 °C gel pack) and 5 and 10 min post-cooling (PC5 and PC10). The analysis combined the data obtained previously with single-SD cooling (Ansari, Remaud & Tremblay, 2018) with those obtained here for MD cooling.

Results
At BL, participants exhibited comparable measures of resting corticomotor excitability between testing sessions. MD cooling induced similar reductions in skin temperature as those recorded with SD cooling with a peak decline at C1 of respectively, −11.0 and −10.3 °C. For MEPs, the primary analysis revealed no main effect attributable to the stimulation area. A secondary analysis of individual responses to MD cooling revealed that half of the participants exhibited delayed MEP facilitation (11/22), while the other half showed delayed inhibition (10/22); which was sustained in the post-cooling phase. More importantly, a correlation between variations in MEP amplitude recorded during the SD cooling session with those recorded in the second session with MD cooling, revealed a very good degree of correspondence between the two at the individual level.

Conclusion
These results indicate that increasing the cooling area in the distal hand, while still eliciting variable responses, did produce more sustained modulation in MEP amplitude in the post-cooling phase. Our results also highlight that responses to cooling in terms of either depression or facilitation of corticomotor excitability tend to be fairly consistent in a given individual with repeated applications.
Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed Direct C7 Allylation of Indolines via Sequential C−H and C−C Activation
Authors: Wang Qiuling , Zhi Chang‐Lei , Lu Pei‐Pei , Liu Shuang , Zhu Xinju , Hao Xin‐Qi , Song Mao‐Ping 
Published: December 2018

AbstractA rhodium‐catalyzed C7 allylation of indolines with vinylcyclopropanes is reported via chelation‐assisted tandem C−H and C−C bond activation under mild conditions. A wide range of substrate proceeds smoothly to provide the allylated products in high yields with good functional group compatibility. Mechanistic studies reveal that the rhodacycle species is probably the key intermediate.magnified image
B‐Doping‐Enhanced Stability of Phosphorene/Graphene Heterostructures
Authors: Zhu Jiajie , Gandi Appala Naidu , Gu Mu 
Published: December 2018

AbstractTwo‐dimensional material heterostructures show large surface area and unusual electronic properties, being used in nanoelectronic devices, energy storage devices, and sensors. Doping can improve stability of the heterostructures. Structural and electronic properties of B–doped phosphorene/graphene heterostructures are studied using first‐principles calculations. B doping in phosphorene enhances the interlayer charge transfer from phosphorene to graphene. Importantly, B doping creates strong chemical bonding at the interface, which improves stability of phosphorene/graphene heterostructures. The band gap is opened up to 0.53 eV by B doping.
Cold‐water diving in the tropics? External auditory exostoses among the pre‐Columbian inhabitants of Panama
Authors: Smith‐Guzmán Nicole E. , Cooke Richard G. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectivesThe appearance of external auditory exostoses archaeologically has been attributed to aquatic activities in middle latitudes. However, recent clinical research implicates low sea surface temperatures, especially below a threshold of 19°C, as a stronger predictor of ear exostosis development than latitude. Here, we examine the frequency of external auditory exostoses in human remains from nine pre‐Columbian archaeological sites in Panama, representing individuals from a warm, tropical region.Materials and methodsExternal auditory exostoses were recorded as present when an abnormal bony growth was observed macroscopically within the ear canal. The presence of exostoses was compared by right and left side, geographical region, sex, and degree of stenosis.ResultsA total of 125 adult individuals made up the observable sample analyzed in this study. Exostoses were observed in seven males and one female. All individuals affected by this pathology were excavated from mortuary contexts along the Gulf of Panama—a region characterized by intense cold water upwelling in the dry season.DiscussionThis study suggests that external auditory exostoses in pre‐Columbian Panama affected individuals involved in habitual aquatic activities in the cold, upwelled waters of the Gulf of Panama. These activities appear to be almost exclusively dominated by male individuals. Ethnohistorical and archaeological records point to marine shell resource acquisition by deep‐water diving as the activity driving exostosis development in pre‐Columbian Panama.