bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hidradenitis suppurativa with SAPHO syndrome maintained effectively with adalimumab, methotrexate, and intralesional corticosteroid injections
Authors: Crowley Erika L , O’Toole Ashley , Gooderham Melinda J 
Published: June 2018

Introduction: Hidradenitis suppurativa and synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, osteitis syndrome are chronic, debilitating diseases involving apocrine gland-bearing skin inflammation and bone inflammation, respectively. Although both often present with multiple comorbidities, single patient co-presentation is rare. Methods/Results: This study reports the 8-year treatment course of a 40-year-old man with hidradenitis suppurativa and synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, osteitis syndrome, and reviews relevant literature. Initial oral and topical antibiotics had little effect. Intralesional corticosteroid injections were effective for localized inflammatory lesions but insufficient for hidradenitis suppurativa control. Adalimumab initiation and local excision of a persistent HS lesion led to stabilization. Adalimumab provided dramatic back pain improvement. Synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, osteitis was diagnosed; adalimumab continuation with subsequent methotrexate addition resulted in hidradenitis suppurativa-synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, osteitis control. Conclusions: Literature regarding comorbid hidradenitis suppurativa and synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, osteitis syndrome therapy is scarce but growing. Adalimumab, methotrexate, intralesional corticosteroid, and lifestyle changes successfully maintained a severe hidradenitis suppurativa–synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, osteitis–syndrome case. Further studies beyond a case-based review could yield more definitive treatment plans.
Activated protein C, protease activated receptor 1, and neuroprotection
Authors: Griffin John H. , Zlokovic Berislav V. , Mosnier Laurent O. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractProtein C is a plasma serine protease zymogen whose active form, activated protein C (APC), exerts potent anticoagulant activity. In addition to its antithrombotic role as a plasma protease, pharmacologic APC is a pleiotropic protease that activates diverse homeostatic cell signaling pathways via multiple receptors on many cells. Engineering of APC by site-directed mutagenesis provided a signaling selective APC mutant with 3 Lys residues replaced by 3 Ala residues, 3K3A-APC, that lacks >90% anticoagulant activity but retains normal cell signaling activities. This 3K3A-APC mutant exerts multiple potent neuroprotective activities, which require the G-protein–coupled receptor, protease activated receptor 1. Potent neuroprotection in murine ischemic stroke models is linked to 3K3A-APC–induced signaling that arises due to APC’s cleavage in protease activated receptor 1 at a noncanonical Arg46 site. This cleavage causes biased signaling that provides a major explanation for APC’s in vivo mechanism of action for neuroprotective activities. 3K3A-APC appeared to be safe in ischemic stroke patients and reduced bleeding in the brain after tissue plasminogen activator therapy in a recent phase 2 clinical trial. Hence, it merits further clinical testing for its efficacy in ischemic stroke patients. Recent studies using human fetal neural stem and progenitor cells show that 3K3A-APC promotes neurogenesis in vitro as well as in vivo in the murine middle cerebral artery occlusion stroke model. These recent advances should encourage translational research centered on signaling selective APC’s for both single-agent therapies and multiagent combination therapies for ischemic stroke and other neuropathologies.
FIRST-line support for Assistance in Breathing in Children (FIRST-ABC): a multicentre pilot randomised controlled trial of high-flow nasal cannula therapy versus continuous positive airway pressure in paediatric critical care
Authors:   on behalf of the United Kingdom Paediatric Intensive Care Society Study Group (PICS-SG), Ramnarayan Padmanabhan , Lister Paula , Dominguez Troy , Habibi Parviz , Edmonds Naomi , Canter Ruth R. , Wulff Jerome , Harrison David A. , Mouncey Paul M. , Peters Mark J. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Background
Although high-flow nasal cannula therapy (HFNC) has become a popular mode of non-invasive respiratory support (NRS) in critically ill children, there are no randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing it with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). We performed a pilot RCT to explore the feasibility, and inform the design and conduct, of a future large pragmatic RCT comparing HFNC and CPAP in paediatric critical care.

Methods
In this multi-centre pilot RCT, eligible patients were recruited to either Group A (step-up NRS) or Group B (step-down NRS). Participants were randomised (1:1) using sealed opaque envelopes to either CPAP or HFNC as their first-line mode of NRS. Consent was sought after randomisation in emergency situations. The primary study outcomes were related to feasibility (number of eligible patients in each group, proportion of eligible patients randomised, consent rate, and measures of adherence to study algorithms). Data were collected on safety and a range of patient outcomes in order to inform the choice of a primary outcome measure for the future RCT.

Results
Overall, 121/254 eligible patients (47.6%) were randomised (Group A 60%, Group B 44.2%) over a 10-month period (recruitment rate for Group A, 1 patient/site/month; Group B, 2.8 patients/site/month). In Group A, consent was obtained in 29/33 parents/guardians approached (87.9%), while in Group B 84/118 consented (71.2%). Intention-to-treat analysis included 113 patients (HFNC 59, CPAP 54). Most reported adverse events were mild/moderate (HFNC 8/59, CPAP 9/54). More patients switched treatment from HFNC to CPAP (Group A: 7/16, 44%; Group B: 9/43, 21%) than from CPAP to HFNC (Group A: 3/13, 23%; Group B: 5/41, 12%). Intubation occurred within 72 h in 15/59 (25.4%) of HFNC patients and 10/54 (18.5%) of CPAP patients (p = 0.38). HFNC patients experienced fewer ventilator-free days at day 28 (Group A: 19.6 vs. 23.5; Group B: 21.8 vs. 22.2).

Conclusions
Our pilot trial confirms that, following minor changes to consent procedures and treatment algorithms, it is feasible to conduct a large national RCT of non-invasive respiratory support in the paediatric critical care setting in both step-up and step-down NRS patients.

Trial registration
clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02612415. Registered on 23 November 2015.
Iraqi women die too: Exploring Iraq’s invisible female casualties
Authors: Tarzi Nazli 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
In questioning the lack of gender-specific casualty data, this analysis helps to reveal the reasons responsible for the invisibility of Iraq’s female dead. Iraqi women, gleaning from existing casualty counts, are noticeably neglected, dwarfed by other female heroines: the foreign service woman, the suicide bomber and – not least – men in combat boots. The hierarchy that places occupying forces at a higher rank than occupied populations has long rendered Iraqi life inconsequential, or the death of its people ‘inevitable’, and therefore, ungrievable. However, this alone does not account for the absence of Iraq’s female dead. More fundamentally, what purpose does their exclusion from death counts serve, and when and why are female wartime casualties logged?
Many women on many journeys: Haifa Zangana’s Women on a Journey: Between Baghdad and London in Arabic-English para/translation
Authors: Rached Ruth Abou 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Like many Iraqi writers, activist-writer and artist Haifa Zangana took the decision not to write fiction after the 2003 war in Iraq. Her 2001 Arabic novel (Women on a Journey) nonetheless was translated into English by Judy Cumberbatch and published in 2004 by US-based Texas University Press under the title Women on a Journey: Between Baghdad and London. Zangana’s decision to publish her 2001 Arabic novel as an English translation in the United States raises interesting questions on how the novel was presented to post-2003 US receptions and by whom. To explore these questions, I analyse how (Women on a Journey) journeys into post-2003 US-English translation, drawing on analytical frameworks of feminist translation that assume that gendered and geopolitical relationalities underpin all acts of writing and translation. The aim of my analysis in this article is to re-visit and highlight the importance of this novel in Arabic and English publication as an innovative genre of (translated) Iraqi women’s literature. My analysis also invites engagement and debate on how feminist translation analytical approaches can help us revisit both versions of the novel as connective kaleidoscopic expressions of inter-weaving voices which mediate both Haifa Zangana’s evolving contexts of activist writing on Iraq and Iraqi women as well as the dynamic politics of Iraqi women’s literature in Arabic and English translation.
Gender violence and the spirit of the feminine: Two accounts of the Yazidi tragedy
Authors: Masmoudi Ikram 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This article examines two contrasting accounts of the Yazidi tragedy and IS enslavement of Yazidi women. Through victim testimonies it brings to light how the violence and rape perpetrated against Yazidi women in IS held territory morphed from an IS-sanctioned war crime into market-driven rape and enslavement by individuals, and how the gender violence was intensified in this privatization process. By juxtaposing oral history accounts against a fictional retelling of the tragedy the article investigates different ways of documenting the traumatic experiences of Yazidi women.
Probing the mechanism of xanthine oxidase and 2-amino xanthine: an implication of energy, charge bond order and wave function.
Authors: Bitew Mamaru 
Published: June 2018

Xanthine oxidase (XO) is an important molybdenum-containing enzyme catalyzing the hydroxylation of hypoxanthine to xanthine and xanthine to uricacid. The mechanistic action by which xanthine oxidase oxidizes purine derivatives is not well understood. A better understanding of the overall mechanism is supposed to enhance our ability to control the metabolic properties of potential drug molecules metabolized by this enzyme. In this work a model substrate, 2-Amino Xanthine has been used to study the mechanistic action of the enzyme. For this reason, the present theoretical work was intended to probe a unified mechanism for the oxidation of 2-Amino Xanthine by xanthine oxidase. Parameters like total electronic energy, Mulliken atomic charges, wave functions, and percent contribution of chemical fragments were generated using a DFT method employing B3LYP level of theory with 6-31G(d',p') basis set for nonmetals and LanL2DZ basis set for molybdenum. AOmix software package that employs single point energy output as an input file was employed for wave function and percent fragment analysis. From these result new reaction intermediates and plausible reaction mechanism root has been reported for reductive and oxidative half reaction using 2-Amino Xanthine as model substrate. In this work it can be concluded that a stepwise mechanistic route with hydrogen bonding reaction complex and active site resemble very rapid Mo (V) intermediate is most plausible.Â Â Â Â Â
Classroom management strategies used to deal with unwanted behaviors encountered by pre-school teachers<p>Okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin öğrencilerin istenmeyen davranışlarıyla baş etmede kullandıkları sınıf yönetimi stratejileri
Authors: Dal Mustafa , Akan Durdağı 
Published: June 2018

The aim of this study is to identify classroom management strategies used to deal with unwanted behaviors encountered in the classes of pre-school teacher. Phenomenology patterns, one of the methods of qualitative research, were benefited in the research. The study group consists of 18 pre-school teachers all working in kindergartens in the city center of Igdir. To determine the study group, easy accessible case sampling, which is one of purposeful sampling methods, was benefited. The data, consisting of 3 questions asked to teachers, was obtained via semi-structured interview forms. Analysis of the results indicated not following classroom rules, misbehavior, complaining of friends and violence in classroom behavior as the mostly expressed complaints by teachers. This behavior was found to occur mostly during free time period and during when schools are just opened. It was found that teachers benefited from rewarding and consolidating, identifying the class rules and ignoring to cope with this unwanted behavior. Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetBu araştırmanın amacı, okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin sınıf içerisinde karşılaştıkları istenmeyen öğrenci davranışlarıyla baş etmede kullandıkları sınıf yönetimi stratejilerini tespit etmektir. Araştırmada yöntem olarak nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olgubilim (fenomenoloji) deseninden faydalanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, tamamı Iğdır il merkezindeki bağımsız anaokullarında çalışan 18 okul öncesi öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma grubunun belirlenmesi için amaçlı örneklem seçimi yöntemlerinden kolay ulaşılabilir durum örneklemesinden yararlanılmıştır. Veriler, öğretmenlere sorulan 3 sorudan oluşan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile elde edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda öğretmenlerin en çok belirttiği istenmeyen davranışların sınıf kurallarına uymama, arkadaşlarını şikâyet etme ve şiddet türü davranışlar olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu davranışların en çok serbest zaman etkinliklerinde ve okulun yeni açıldığı dönemlerde ortaya çıktığı görülmüştür. Öğretmenlerin de bu istenmeyen davranışlara baş etmek için en çok ödül ve pekiştirme, sınıf kurallarını belirleme ve görmezden gelme stratejilerini kullandıkları tespit edilmiştir.
Aberrant DNA methylation involved in obese women with systemic insulin resistance
Authors: Zhang Shao-Jun , Wang Yan , Yang Yan-Lan , Zheng Hong 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundEpigenetics has been recognized as a significant regulator in many diseases. White adipose tissue (WAT) epigenetic dysregulation is associated with systemic insulin resistance (IR). The aim of this study was to survey the differential methylation of genes in obese women with systemic insulin resistance by DNA methylation microarray.MethodsThe genome-wide methylation profile of systemic insulin resistant obese women was obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus database. After data preprocessing, differing methylation patterns between insulin resistant and sensitive obese women were identified by Student’s t-test and methylation value differences. Network analysis was then performed to reveal co-regulated genes of differentially methylated genes. Functional analysis was also implemented to reveal the underlying biological processes related to systemic insulin resistance in obese women.ResultsRelative to insulin sensitive obese women, we initially screened 10,874 differentially methylated CpGs, including 7402 hyper-methylated sites and 6073 hypo-methylated CpGs. Our analysis identified 4 significantly differentially methylated genes, including SMYD3, UST, BCL11A, and BAI3. Network and functional analyses found that these differentially methylated genes were mainly involved in chondroitin and dermatan sulfate biosynthetic processes.ConclusionBased on our study, we propose several epigenetic biomarkers that may be related to obesity-associated insulin resistance. Our results provide new insights into the epigenetic regulation of disease etiology and also identify novel targets for insulin resistance treatment in obese women.
Photosynthetic and antioxidant responses of the tropical intertidal seagrasses Halophila ovalis and Thalassia hemprichii to moderate and high irradiances
Authors: Phandee Surangkana , Buapet Pimchanok 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis study investigated photosynthetic and oxidative stress-related responses to moderate (500 μmol photons m−2s−1) and high irradiances (1500 μmol photons m−2s−1) in two tropical intertidal seagrasses,Halophila ovalisandThalassia hemprichii. Exposure to high irradiance for 3 h resulted in a large decline in the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) and in the effective quantum yield of photosystem II (ΦPSII) but induced non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) and chloroplast clumping inH. ovalis.Thalassia hemprichii, however, showed only a minor decrease in Fv/Fm and ΦPSII, and no change in either NPQ or the intracellular arrangement of chloroplasts. The irradiance did not affect reactive oxygen species (ROS) or superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in either seagrass, whereas high irradiance enhanced ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity inH. ovalis. The results from a subsequent experiment using an oxidative stress inducer, methyl viologen (MV), also showed a higher degree of Fv/Fm inhibition inH. ovalis. These results show thatH. ovalisis much more physiologically responsive to high irradiances and oxidative stress thanT. hemprichiiand that its photoprotective mechanisms involve NPQ, APX and reduction of the amount of light absorbed through the clumping of its chloroplasts.
Catalytic activities of heterogeneous catalysts obtained by copolymerization of metal-containing 2-(acetoacetoxy)ethyl methacrylate
Authors: Romanazzi Giuseppe , Mastrorilli Piero , Latronico Mario , Mali Matilda , Nacci Angelo , DelľAnna Maria Michela 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Among the synthetic strategies commonly used for supporting a metal complex onto an organic polymer in order to obtain an heterogenous catalyst, a valid choice is to synthesize a metal containing monomer (MCM), which can subsequently be subjected to polymerization with suitable comonomers and crosslinkers, achieving a supported transition metal catalyst as a metal-containing polymer (MCP). In this context, during the last two decades, we explored the use of 2-(acetoacetoxy)ethyl methacrylate (HAAEMA) as a ligand to prepare several MCMs for the relevant MCPs. In this review we summarize and discuss our developments in the studies of the catalytic activity of these “hybrid” catalysts. These catalysts have demonstrated high efficiency and/or excellent selectivity in several kinds of chemical reactions and very often they could be recovered and reused in multiple cycles maintaining their activity and selectivity without suffering from appreciable metal leaching.
Metal-mediated reactions towards the synthesis of a novel deaminolysed bisurea, dicarbamolyamine
Authors: Odame Felix , Hosten Eric , Tshentu Zenixole R. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA new selective cobalt acetate tetrahydrate or cerium nitrate hexahydrate mediated cleavage of the C–N bond of a benzoyl isothiocyanate derivative to give (carbamoylamino)methanethioamide is presented. The cleavage of the C–N could not be achieved in the absence of thione. The novel silver-mediated conversion of a thione to the carbonyl was achieved on 1-((benzamido)formyl)urea and replicated on (carbamoylamino)methanethioamide to give the deaminolyzed bisurea (dicarbamolyamine). The compounds were characterized by IR, NMR, microanalysis and GC–MS. The single crystal X–ray diffraction studies of the crystal structures of compoundsI,II,IIIandVis discussed.
A method to identify pediatric high-risk diagnoses missed in the emergency department
Authors: Sundberg Melissa , Perron Catherine O. , Kimia Amir , Landschaft Assaf , Nigrovic Lise E. , Nelson Kyle A. , Fine Andrew M. , Eisenberg Matthew , Baskin Marc N. , Neuman Mark I. , Stack Anne M. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Background:
Diagnostic error can lead to increased morbidity, mortality, healthcare utilization and cost. The 2015 National Academy of Medicine report “Improving Diagnosis in Healthcare” called for improving diagnostic accuracy by developing innovative electronic approaches to reduce medical errors, including missed or delayed diagnosis. The objective of this article was to develop a process to detect potential diagnostic discrepancy between pediatric emergency and inpatient discharge diagnosis using a computer-based tool facilitating expert review.

Methods:
Using a literature search and expert opinion, we identified 10 pediatric diagnoses with potential for serious consequences if missed or delayed. We then developed and applied a computerized tool to identify linked emergency department (ED) encounters and hospitalizations with these discharge diagnoses. The tool identified discordance between ED and hospital discharge diagnoses. Cases identified as discordant were manually reviewed by pediatric emergency medicine experts to confirm discordance.

Results:
Our computerized tool identified 55,233 ED encounters for hospitalized children over a 5-year period, of which 2161 (3.9%) had one of the 10 selected high-risk diagnoses. After expert record review, we identified 67 (3.1%) cases with discordance between ED and hospital discharge diagnoses. The most common discordant diagnoses were Kawasaki disease and pancreatitis.

Conclusions:
We successfully developed and applied a semi-automated process to screen a large volume of hospital encounters to identify discordant diagnoses for selected pediatric medical conditions. This process may be valuable for informing and improving ED diagnostic accuracy.
The model of encryption algorithm based on non-positional polynomial notations and constructed on an SP-network
Authors: Kapalova N. , Haumen A. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This paper addresses to structures and properties of the cryptographic information protection algorithm model based on NPNs and constructed on an SP-network. The main task of the research is to increase the cryptostrength of the algorithm. In the paper, the transformation resulting in the improvement of the cryptographic strength of the algorithm is described in detail. The proposed model is based on an SP-network. The reasons for using the SP-network in this model are the conversion properties used in these networks. In the encryption process, transformations based on S-boxes and P-boxes are used. It is known that these transformations can withstand cryptanalysis. In addition, in the proposed model, transformations that satisfy the requirements of the “avalanche effect” are used. As a result of this work, a computer program that implements an encryption algorithm model based on the SP-network has been developed.
A survey of telerobotic surface finishing
Authors: Höglund Thomas , Alander Jarmo , Mantere Timo 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This is a survey of research published on the subjects of telerobotics, haptic feedback, and mixed reality applied to surface finishing. The survey especially focuses on how visuo-haptic feedback can be used to improve a grinding process using a remote manipulator or robot. The benefits of teleoperation and reasons for using haptic feedback are presented. The use of genetic algorithms for optimizing haptic sensing is briefly discussed. Ways of augmenting the operator’s vision are described. Visual feedback can be used to find defects and analyze the quality of the surface resulting from the surface finishing process. Visual cues can also be used to aid a human operator in manipulating a robot precisely and avoiding collisions.