bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Collective multipole oscillations direct the plasmonic coupling at the nanojunction interfaces
Authors: Hooshmand Nasrin , El-Sayed Mostafa A. 
Published: September 2019

Significance
We present a systematic study of the effect of higher-multipolar order plasmon modes on the spectral response and plasmonic coupling of Ag nanoparticle dimers at nanojunction separation and introduce a coupling mechanism. It was found that as the interdimer axis decreases, an increase in the plasmon dipolar and multipolar interaction takes place. Further, we found the plasmonic coupling depends on the density of the dipoles on the nanoparticle; as the dipole density increases, the average multipole density increases, resulting in higher dipole–multipole interactions. This study allows us to advance our understanding of the plasmonic response of coupled metal nanoparticles that have not been previously reported and will be useful to drive future experiments to design more sensitive nanoparticle-based sensors.
Satellite-based links for quantum key distribution: beam effects and weather dependence
Authors: Liorni Carlo , Kampermann Hermann , Bruß Dagmar 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The establishment of a world-wide quantum communication network relies on the synergistic integration of satellite-based links and fiber-based networks. The first are helpful for long-distance communication, as the photon losses introduced by the optical fibers are too detrimental for lengths greater than about 200 km. This work aims at giving, on the one hand, a comprehensive and fundamental model for the losses suffered by the quantum signals during the propagation along an atmospheric free-space link. On the other hand, a performance analysis of different quantum key distribution (QKD) implementations is performed, including finite-key effects, focusing on different interesting practical scenarios. The specific approach that we chose allows to precisely model the contribution due to different weather conditions, paving the way towards more accurate feasibility studies of satellite-based QKD missions.
Reservoir engineering using quantum optimal control for qubit reset
Authors: Basilewitsch Daniel , Cosco Francesco , Lo Gullo Nicolino , Möttönen Mikko , Ala-Nissilä Tapio , Koch Christiane P , Maniscalco Sabrina 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We determine how to optimally reset a superconducting qubit which interacts with a thermal environment in such a way that the coupling strength is tunable. Describing the system in terms of a time-local master equation with time-dependent decay rates and using quantum optimal control theory, we identify temporal shapes of tunable level splittings which maximize the efficiency of the reset protocol in terms of duration and error. Time-dependent level splittings imply a modification of the system-environment coupling, varying the decay rates as well as the Lindblad operators. Our approach thus demonstrates efficient reservoir engineering employing quantum optimal control. We find the optimized reset strategy to consist in maximizing the decay rate from one state and driving non-adiabatic population transfer into this strongly decaying state.
Testing the gravitational field generated by a quantum superposition
Authors: Carlesso M , Bassi A , Paternostro M , Ulbricht H 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
What gravitational field is generated by a massive quantum system in a spatial superposition? Despite decades of intensive theoretical and experimental research, we still do not know the answer. On the experimental side, the difficulty lies in the fact that gravity is weak and requires large masses to be detectable. However, it becomes increasingly difficult to generate spatial quantum superpositions for increasingly large masses, in light of the stronger environmental effects on such systems. Clearly, a delicate balance between the need for strong gravitational effects and weak decoherence should be found. We show that such a trade off could be achieved in an optomechanics scenario that allows to witness whether the gravitational field generated by a quantum system in a spatial superposition is in a coherent superposition or not. We estimate the magnitude of the effect and show that it offers perspectives for observability.
Dark vertical conductance of cavity-embedded semiconductor heterostructures
Authors: Naudet-Baulieu Cassia , Bartolo Nicola , Orso Giuliano , Ciuti Cristiano 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We present a linear-response nonlocal theory of the electronic conductance along the vertical (growth) direction of a semiconductor heterostructure embedded in a single-mode electromagnetic resonator in the absence of illumination. Our method readily applies to the general class of n-doped semiconductors with parabolic dispersion. The conductance depends on the ground-state properties and virtual collective polaritonic excitations that have been determined via a bosonic treatment in the dipole gauge. We show that, depending on the system parameters, the cavity vacuum effects can enhance or reduce significantly the dark vertical conductance with respect to the bare heterostructure.
An optomechanical heat engine with feedback-controlled in-loop light
Authors: Abari Najmeh Etehadi , De Angelis Giulia Vittoria , Zippilli Stefano , Vitali David 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The dissipative properties of an optical cavity can be effectively controlled by placing it in a feedback loop where the light at the cavity output is detected and the corresponding signal is used to modulate the amplitude of a laser field which drives the cavity itself. Here we show that this effect can be exploited to improve the performance of an optomechanical heat engine which makes use of polariton excitations as working fluid. In particular we demonstrate that, by employing a positive feedback close to the instability threshold, it is possible to operate this engine also under parameters regimes which are not usable without feedback, and which may significantly ease the practical implementation of this device.
Increasing exposure of energy infrastructure to compound hazards: cascading wildfires and extreme rainfall
Authors: Moftakhari Hamed , AghaKouchak Amir 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Floods and debris flows pose a significant threat, especially when extreme rain falls over burned areas. This is an example of a compound event in which two concurrent or consecutive events lead to extreme societal impacts. Compound and cascading hazards are becoming increasingly important and have notable impacts on threatened communities across the world. Wildfire followed by an intense precipitation event can result in a large flood under which the combined impacts of hazard drivers are much more intense than those from individual drivers. Here, we first quantify the change in exposure of natural gas infrastructure to individual hazards, wildfire and floods in the future relative to past. We, then quantify the compound hazards as coincidence likelihood of intense rain over burned areas and analyze the spatial patterns across the State of California, USA. Our results show that not only the exposure of natural gas infrastructure to individual hazards would be higher, the likelihood of compound hazards is expected to increase substantially in a warming climate.
Efforts to Improve Community Awareness Towards the Potential of a Great Earthquake Which Threats Jakarta Based On Geographic Information and 3D Simulation Systems in Matraman District, East Jakarta
Authors: Andromeda Z I , Randi C , Nazhifah K , Syahputra R , Iskandarsyah  , Septyandy M R 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Indonesia is located in an area of active tectonic plate. This area suffers from natural disasters. Recorded almost every year disasters, such as earthquakes, tsunamis, floods, and fires, occur in several regions in Indonesia. One of the major city in Indonesia is Jakarta. Jakarta as a capital city with urban area has an important position in terms of economy and government. The issue of earthquakes with the magnitude of 8 SR is one of the major disasters that threatening Jakarta. The effort to alleviate losses caused by disasters, it is necessary to inform the community regarding preparation in the face of disasters that will occur. This preparation is needed especially in densely populated areas as part of disaster mitigation measures like Matraman District in East Jakarta. The initial step in this program is to distribute questionnaires to determine the level of knowledge and information about the disaster. Furthermore, by utilising the geographical information system (GIS), evacuation routes when a disaster occurs can be made to adjust the situation of the area. The evacuation routes produced include the fastest and safest routes in evacuation by considering conditions such as road width, car parking, electricity poles, railroad crossings, and blind alley. This evacuation route will be modelled with 3D simulation in several conditions such as railroad crossings, spill markets, crossroads, and one-way lanes when a disaster occurs. This simulation will be the end result in a program to increase public awareness of potential disasters that threaten their area. This research obtains evacuation routes and 3D simulations that have been made are information media that can facilitate people to get the right knowledge about disaster mitigation. The results of the community awareness raising program on potential disasters can be used as a reference for other regions in the effort to mitigate disasters.
BEM solutions to BVPs governed by the anisotropic modified Helmholtz equation for quadratically graded media
Authors: Azis M. I. , Syam R. , Hamzah S. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
A Boundary Element Method (BEM) is used for obtaining solutions to anisotropic quadratically graded media (FGM) boundary value problems (BVPs) governed by the modified Helmholtz type equation. A technique of transforming the variable coefficient governing equation to a constant coefficient equation is utilized for deriving a boundary integral equation. Some particular problems are considered to illustrate the application of the BEM. The results show the convergence, consistency, and accuracy of the BEM solutions.
Groundwater Conservation with Hole Infiltration of Biopore Cube
Authors: Syahruddin Muhammad Hamzah , Amiruddin  , Halide Halmar , Sakka  , Makhrani  
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Analysis of groundwater conservation with cube biopore infiltration holes using the value of soil permeability, the amount of rainfall, and the depth of the groundwater level. The groundwater conservation research method is carried out by making the cavity biopore infiltration holes to absorb the volume of rainwater and domestic waste water into the soil. Conservation is suitable for homes that have enough yard. The main reason is to use cube infiltration holes to accommodate large and small organic waste. Organic waste is trees, grass and domestic waste. For a small house yard, conservation of ground water enough with a cylindrical hole diameter of 10 cm. Benefits of biopore infiltration holes are reducing surface runoff, producing manure, fertilizing soil, reducing waste piles, and conserving ground water. The research objective was to analyze the cube biopore infiltration holes based on soil permeability, rainfall intensity, depth of groundwater level, and volume of organic waste. The results of the analysis can be obtained from the cube biopore infiltration holes which can absorb all the rainwater which can accommodate all organic waste. The results of permeability testing show that the average soil permeability is 0.00112 cm/s and the yield of maximum discharge runoff water in January is 97.57 cm3/second. The ground water level is two meters. While the volume of organic waste is one cubic per month. The result of the analysis showed that the area of cake absorption was 8.73 m2. When converted to a cube absorption field it takes approximately 8 meters wide by 0.5 meters and a depth of 0.5 meters. When divided into four cavity recharge holes LRB1 obtained area of 4 m2, LRB2 area of 2.7 m2, LRB3 area 2 m2, and LRB4 as reserve.
Heavy metal cadmium (Cd) content in the medaka fish Oryzeas javanicus Bleeker
Authors: Litaay Magdalena , Fadliah Andi Iin , Andriani Irma , Tahir Dahlang 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The medaka oryzeas fish Oryzias javanicus Bleeker has been widely used as bioindicator animal. The present study aims to assess a lethal dose 50% (LD50) of heavy metal Cadmiun (Cd) towards test animal oryzeas fish. Fish was collected from the estuary of Jeneberang river of Makassar. Samples were acclimatized in a laboratory before being a test. Randomized Complete Design with four treatments and four replicates was applied in this study. Test fish was treated without (control) and with three different levels of Cd concentration as follows 0 mg / L; 0.008 mg / L; 0.01 mg / L and 0.03 mg/L. An observation was done during seven days experiment. Observed parameters included a change in movement, morphological abnormalities (peeled skin) as Cd content in medaka fish. Least Significance Different (LSD) method was applied to see different significant effect amongst treatments. At the end of the experiment, Cd content in test fish was determined by using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The result indicates that medaka fish Oryzeas javanicus showed disorientation movement since day 5 at Cd concentration 0.03 mg / L and increased to the end of the test. Peeled skin happend at day seven at all three treatments (Cd 0.008; 0.01 dan 0.03 mg/L). Cd content in fish was low at concentration of 0.008 mg/L (average 1.50 mg/kg) and the highest at Cd 0.03 mg/L (average 4.19 mg/kg), respectively. Statistical analysis reveals that Cd concentration 0.03 mg/L differs from other treatments. Level of Cd accumulation in O. Javanicus Bleeker increased with an increase in metal concentration in water.
Integrated of Gravity and Magnetic Data to Modeling Structure Subsurface In Bora Geothermal Field Central Sulawesi
Authors: Efendi Rustan , Abdullah  , Syamsuddin Erfan , Rusydi M. , Nirmayanti  , Sugianto Asep , Joni Wiwid 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This field research is located in a geothermal area expressed by the existence of hot springs. A complex geological structure has shown that the area was in the Palu-Koro fault. The purpose of the study is to achieve a model of subsurface of the area using data collected over gravity data and magnetic data. The two Data were compared in order to validate the models. Furthermore 2-dimensional modeling was performed using two gravity and magnetic lines by means of geo-sys software from Geosoft. The results of the models have a bit difference response by means of the existence of residual indicator that expected as a geothermal reservoir due to fault activity
Two-Dimensional Inversion Magnetotelluric Investigation of the Pariangan Geothermal Field, Indonesia
Authors: Wahyuni  , Aswad Sabrianto , Maria  , Joni Wiwid , Jamaluddin  
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Pariangan geothermal field is located in Tanah Datar District, West Sumatera Province, Indonesia. The structure developed in this region is influenced by a large fault that extends through Sumatera from Banda Aceh to the Gulf Semangko in Lampung and also the pattern of radial faults that follow the development of Complex Marapi Volcanism. This study is aimed at delineating the shallow as well as deeper conductive anomalies related to the geothermal system in the Pariangan area. Dimensionality analysis showed a two-dimensional (2D) behavior for the data, and therefore 2D inversion was performed. The result of magnetotelluric (MT) data processing indicates a low resistivity (<15 Ω.m) distribution at depths of 1300-3000 meter, which is interpreted as the caprock. Reservoir rock is indicated by the medium resistivity (15-93 Ω.m) at depths of 1200-3200 m. Below the reservoir the deep reaching conductive anomaly is interpreted as circulating hot fluids which heat up the fluids in the reservoir due to the subduction process. Type of alteration developed in research area are dominated by argillic type characterized by the presence of illite, kaolinite, montmorillonite, dickite, and halloysite; propylitic type characterized by the presence of chlorite, epidote and, quartz; and phyllic type characterized by the presence of sericite, quartz, and chlorite. Basement rock zone is indicated by the high resistivity (93-1000 Ω.m) at the depths of 1500-6000 m. MT in this study shows a powerful geothermal exploration tools because of its sensitivity to image hot saline fluids as zones of high conductivity.
Reconstructing past landslide models based on subsurface resistivity profiles: case study from Majene West Sulawesi
Authors: Arsyad Ardy , Aswad Sabrianto , Syamsuddin Erfan 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This paper presents a case study of reconstructing past landslide failure models in a napal geological formation by undertaking a series of geoelectrical tomographies and geotechnical bor-SPT surveys. Study area is located in the National Artery Road 135 Kilometres, Majene – Mamuju, West Sulawesi. Geological formation found in the area is Napal Pambauang Formation. Massive ground movement is obviously detected in the area, and several landslide events have been occured in the last 10 years. In order to derive an effective technnique of mitigating the landslide in the area, past landslide failure models are needed to reconstruct. Therefore, 2D geoelectric tomographies survey combined several geotechnical bors were undertaken. A Framework of geophysics and geotechnical investigations was developed and implemented. The results show that slope failure models can be mapped, following unique patterns in the subsurface resistivity models. The finding slope failure models are well agreement with successive scarp patterns founded in the slope area. Past and recent landslides and future landslide are derived and this can be employed to design effective landslide mitigation strategies.
Identification of eroded sediment layer thickness and depth of Mahakam River at Tenggarong Bridge Area, Kutai Kartanegara East Kalimantan using Ground Penetrating Radar Method
Authors: Rasimeng S , Mandang I , Suharno  
Published: September 2019

Abstract
GPR measurements of lines are two lines intersect under the bridge of Tenggarong (southwest to northeast) along the 377 meters (segment-1 Line04) and 457 meters (Line03) and the other is Southeast to Northwest along the 533 meters (segment-2 Line04) with a starting point It is located on the side of the Mahakam River (Southern) to the West of Kumala island. and there is one track in this area, which is to the northeast to the southwest along the south side of the Mahakam River (Line02) with the length of line is 780 meters. This research used the AKULA-9000C, 100 MHz antenna frequencies, and in time mode. The purpose of this research is to know the depth of the bottom of the Mahakam River, and the thickness of sediments eroded around the bridge of Tenggarong. GPR data processing using the ReflexW software ver. 8.5 through static correction, subtract-mean (dewow) filter, gain, background removal, band-pass filters, and fk-filter. To convert two-way time of electromagnetic wave propagation data to depth units, we use velocity adaptation methods by selecting velocity value each layer anomaly. Cross sections of the line from line02 and Line03 showed that the average thickness of the layer of sediment erosion over 15 meters and depth variation ofthe river was 10 to 40 meters. The shallow depth is under the Tenggarong Bridge (10m). In addition, on Line04 shows the deepest depth of the Mahakam River is 35 meters, located in the middle of Line04 or the center of Mahakam river flow.
Geochemical Fluids Assessment of Gunung Endut Geothermal Area, Banten Province, Indonesia
Authors: Risman C. , Sahdarani D. N. , Sihombing F. M. H. , Supriyanto  
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Geochemical assessment was completed in Gunung Endut geothermal area to determine fluid characteristics discharging from their natural surface manifestations. Gunung Endut geothermal area is centralised in the western part of the region. Three surface manifestations located in Desa Handeuleum, Cikawah and Gajrug appears along the apparent structural (fault) line. Diluted chloride- carbonate water belongs to partially equilibrated group may indicate mixing between chloride water and groundwater. Quartz and Na-K geothermometer indicated reservoir temperature of 107 – 127 ºC and 111 – 132 ºC respectively. Geoindicators of Cl/B indicated that there are two separate reservoirs in the sub-surface. Geoindicators of Na/K and Na/Ca revealed that all the manifestations lie in the outflow zone of Gunung Endut geothermal area.
Phase Changes in the Atmospheric Hydrology Cycle
Authors: Aqramunnisah  , Suriamihardja D A , Assegaf A H , Samad B A 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
A natural distillation process as an atmospheric machine in producing fresh water from seawater is of importance to be relearned. This study aims to scrutinize a thermodynamic cycle involving evaporation on sea surface and condensation at a possible height to occur in lower temperature and pressure by comparing reversible and irreversible process. The main stratification of pressure and temperature are obtained from local radiosonde record. The result of this study will give an explanation about how the diabatic process restores the energy to maintain the system equilibrium.
Distribution of Soft Coral Octocorallia (Alcyonacea) in coastal waters of Gonda, Polewali-Mandar, West Sulawesi
Authors: Wirabuana Ayub , Litaay Magdalena , Moka Willem , Priosambodo Dody 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The research on “Distribution of Soft Coral Octocorallia: Alcyonacea population in coastal waters of Gonda, Polewali-Mandar, West Sulawesi” has been done from August to December 2017. This study aims to determine the soft coral distribution and diversity at different depths in Coastal waters of Gonda, Polewali-Mandar, West Sulawesi. The data collection was performed by using the “Line Intercept Transect (LIT)” method with 50 meters transect at a depth of 3 meters and 10 meters at each station. The transect line was following the contour lines. Sample identification was performed by means of video recording. Environmental parameters including temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, current, brightness, turbidity, and pH was measured during field campaign, respectively. Data analysis was done by using the Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index, Uniformity index, Dominance index and Morisita Index. The results showed that 16 species from four families of Soft Coral has been found in Gonda Beach, where the number of species found at 10m depth are higher than 3m depth, respectively. The average value of the diversity index at 3m depth (1.62) is higher than at 10m depth (1.34), but both are still classified in the moderate category. The pattern of population distribution in the overall site at this location tends to be random.