bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fluorescence-aided Composite Removal in Directly Restored Permanent Posterior Teeth
Authors: Dettwiler C , Eggmann F , Matthisson L , Meller C , Weiger R , Connert T 
Published: August 2019

SUMMARY

Aim:
The aim of this study was to quantitatively compare conventional composite removal and composite removal supported by the fluorescence-aided identification technique (FIT) regarding the completeness, selectivity, and duration of the procedure in directly restored permanent posterior teeth.

Methods and Materials:
Two operators removed standardized direct class II composite restorations (n=32 per operator) in human tooth models under simulated clinical conditions. According to a randomized allocation scheme, removal was performed with either the conventional technique (contra-angle handpiece) or supported by FIT. The duration of each removal procedure was recorded. The completeness and selectivity were volumetrically assessed through superimposition of three-dimensional surface scans. Statistical significance was tested by examining the overlap of 95% confidence intervals (CI). Multiple comparison was performed with Tukey tests for each variable.

Results:
Compared with the conventional technique, composite removal with FIT was faster (329 seconds [95% confidence interval (CI): 268-390 seconds] vs 179 seconds [95% CI: 150-208 seconds]), generated less tooth substance loss (4.53 mm3 [95% CI: 3.77-5.30 mm3] vs 2.77 mm3 [95% CI: 2.11-3.43 mm3]), and left behind less composite residue (1.58 mm3 [95% CI: 1.23-1.94 mm3] vs 0.53 mm3 [95% CI: 0.39-0.67 mm3]).

Conclusion:
Within the limitations of this in vitro study, FIT facilitated the selective and expeditious removal of tooth-colored composites in directly restored posterior teeth.
Reducing Metadata Leakage from Encrypted Files and Communication with PURBs
Authors: Nikitin Kirill , Barman Ludovic , Lueks Wouter , Underwood Matthew , Hubaux Jean-Pierre , Ford Bryan 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Most encrypted data formats leak metadata via their plaintext headers, such as format version, encryption schemes used, number of recipients who can decrypt the data, and even the recipients’ identities. This leakage can pose security and privacy risks to users, e.g., by revealing the full membership of a group of collaborators from a single encrypted e-mail, or by enabling an eavesdropper to fingerprint the precise encryption software version and configuration the sender used.
We propose that future encrypted data formats improve security and privacy hygiene by producing Padded Uniform Random Blobs or PURBs: ciphertexts indistinguishable from random bit strings to anyone without a decryption key. A PURB’s content leaks nothing at all, even the application that created it, and is padded such that even its length leaks as little as possible.
Encoding and decoding ciphertexts with no cleartext markers presents efficiency challenges, however. We present cryptographically agile encodings enabling legitimate recipients to decrypt a PURB efficiently, even when encrypted for any number of recipients’ public keys and/or passwords, and when these public keys are from different cryptographic suites. PURBs employ Padmé, a novel padding scheme that limits information leakage via ciphertexts of maximum length M to a practical optimum of O(log log M) bits, comparable to padding to a power of two, but with lower overhead of at most 12% and decreasing with larger payloads.
Handoff All Your Privacy – A Review of Apple’s Bluetooth Low Energy Continuity Protocol
Authors: Martin Jeremy , Alpuche Douglas , Bodeman Kristina , Brown Lamont , Fenske Ellis , Foppe Lucas , Mayberry Travis , Rye Erik , Sipes Brandon , Teplov Sam 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
We investigate Apple’s Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Continuity protocol, designed to support interoperability and communication between iOS and macOS devices, and show that the price for this seamless experience is leakage of identifying information and behavioral data to passive adversaries. First, we reverse engineer numerous Continuity protocol message types and identify data fields that are transmitted unencrypted. We show that Continuity messages are broadcast over BLE in response to actions such as locking and unlocking a device’s screen, copying and pasting information, making and accepting phone calls, and tapping the screen while it is unlocked. Laboratory experiments reveal a significant flaw in the most recent versions of macOS that defeats BLE Media Access Control (MAC) address randomization entirely by causing the public MAC address to be broadcast. We demonstrate that the format and content of Continuity messages can be used to fingerprint the type and Operating System (OS) version of a device, as well as behaviorally profile users. Finally, we show that predictable sequence numbers in these frames can allow an adversary to track Apple devices across space and time, defeating existing anti-tracking techniques such as MAC address randomization.
A Girl Has No Name: Automated Authorship Obfuscation using Mutant-X
Authors: Mahmood Asad , Ahmad Faizan , Shafiq Zubair , Srinivasan Padmini , Zaffar Fareed 
Published: August 2019

AbstractStylometric authorship attribution aims to identify an anonymous or disputed document’s author by examining its writing style. The development of powerful machine learning based stylometric authorship attribution methods presents a serious privacy threat for individuals such as journalists and activists who wish to publish anonymously. Researchers have proposed several authorship obfuscation approaches that try to make appropriate changes (e.g. word/phrase replacements) to evade attribution while preserving semantics. Unfortunately, existing authorship obfuscation approaches are lacking because they either require some manual effort, require significant training data, or do not work for long documents. To address these limitations, we propose a genetic algorithm based random search framework called Mutant-X which can automatically obfuscate text to successfully evade attribution while keeping the semantics of the obfuscated text similar to the original text. Specifically, Mutant-X sequentially makes changes in the text using mutation and crossover techniques while being guided by a fitness function that takes into account both attribution probability and semantic relevance. While Mutant-X requires black-box knowledge of the adversary’s classifier, it does not require any additional training data and also works on documents of any length. We evaluate Mutant-X against a variety of authorship attribution methods on two different text corpora. Our results show that Mutant-X can decrease the accuracy of state-of-the-art authorship attribution methods by as much as 64% while preserving the semantics much better than existing automated authorship obfuscation approaches. While Mutant-X advances the state-of-the-art in automated authorship obfuscation, we find that it does not generalize to a stronger threat model where the adversary uses a different attribution classifier than what Mutant-X assumes. Our findings warrant the need for future research to improve the generalizability (or transferability) of automated authorship obfuscation approaches.
Var-CNN: A Data-Efficient Website Fingerprinting Attack Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Bhat Sanjit , Lu David , Kwon Albert , Devadas Srinivas 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In recent years, there have been several works that use website fingerprinting techniques to enable a local adversary to determine which website a Tor user visits. While the current state-of-the-art attack, which uses deep learning, outperforms prior art with medium to large amounts of data, it attains marginal to no accuracy improvements when both use small amounts of training data. In this work, we propose Var-CNN, a website fingerprinting attack that leverages deep learning techniques along with novel insights specific to packet sequence classification. In open-world settings with large amounts of data, Var-CNN attains over 1% higher true positive rate (TPR) than state-of-the-art attacks while achieving 4× lower false positive rate (FPR). Var-CNN’s improvements are especially notable in low-data scenarios, where it reduces the FPR of prior art by 3.12% while increasing the TPR by 13%. Overall, insights used to develop Var-CNN can be applied to future deep learning based attacks, and substantially reduce the amount of training data needed to perform a successful website fingerprinting attack. This shortens the time needed for data collection and lowers the likelihood of having data staleness issues.
Association of Rotator Cuff Tear Patterns and Intramuscular Fatty Infiltration on Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Davis Derik L. , Gilotra Mohit N. , Hovis James Paul , Almardawi Ranyah , Hasan S. Ashfaq 
Published: August 2019

Objective:
The impact of rotator cuff (RC) tear pattern on intramuscular fatty infiltration (FI) is not well understood. The purpose of our study is to determine if differing RC tear patterns are associated with discordant presentations of intramuscular FI.

Methods:
Fifty-one adults with full-thickness tear of the posterosuperior RC on shoulder magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were identified retrospectively. The study subjects were stratified by RC tear pattern: (1) L-shaped tear cohort, (2) crescent-/U-shaped tear cohort, and (3) complete tear cohort. Clinical information pertaining to age, sex, tear size, trauma history, and length of clinical symptoms was recorded from the institution’s picture archiving and communication system. Goutallier grade was assessed on oblique sagittal T1-weighted MRI by two orthopedic surgeons and one orthopedic resident. A musculoskeletal radiologist recorded the shape and size of full-thickness RC tears. Descriptive, correlation, and reliability analyses were performed.

Results:
The L-shaped, crescent-/U-shaped, and compete tear cohorts demonstrated significant differences pertaining to tear size (P < 0.001) and infraspinatus Goutallier grade (P = 0.024), but not supraspinatus Goutallier grade (P = 0.370). Age had strong correlation to supraspinatus Goutallier grade (rs = 0.712, P = 0.031) and infraspinatus Goutallier grade (rs = 0.712, P = 0.029) in the crescent-/U-shaped tear cohort. Tear size had strong correlation to supraspinatus Goutallier grade (rs = 0.796, P = 0.001) and infraspinatus Goutallier grade (rs = 0.793, P = 0.001) in the complete tear cohort. Moderate interobserver agreement was present for supraspinatus (kappa, 0.484) and infraspinatus (kappa, 0.427) Goutallier grade.

Conclusion:
RC tear pattern is associated with different presentations of intramuscular FI at the posterosuperior RC. Full-thickness tears involving the crescent region of the RC cuff are associated with age. Intramuscular FI is associated with RC tear size.
PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI DETEKSI DINI SERANGAN HAMA PADI BERBASIS ANDROID
Authors: Budiman Arief , Utomo Pradityo , Rahayu Sri 
Published: August 2019

<p><strong><em>Abstract. </em></strong><em>The era of information technology makes all aspects of life move from conventional to computerised. In Indonesia, where the majority of the population make a living as farmers have applied information technology to solve several problems. One of the issues faced by farmers is a pest attack on rice plants. As a result of pest attacks, farmers' crops become less than optimal. In this study, developed an Android-based application can be used to detect early attacks of rice pests. Development of Android-based rice pest attack applications using the Build And Fix method. The Build and Fix method choose because it is considered suitable for developing applications that are not too large. As for testing applications using the Black Box method. By using the Build And Fix method, an early detection application for Android-based rice pest attacks has been successfully created. The system built has an application capability level of 100% after being tested using the Black Box method.</em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords : Rice, Farmer, Pest, Android-Based Application</em></strong></p><p><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstrak.</strong><strong> </strong>Era teknologi informasi membuat semua aspek kehidupan beralih dari konvensional ke komputerisasi. Di Indonesia yang mayoritas penduduknya bermata pencaharian sebagai petani telah menerapkan teknologi informasi dalam menyelesaikan beberapa permasalahan. Salah satu permasalahan yang dihadapi petani adalah serangan hama terhadap tanaman padi. Akibat serangan hama, hasil panen petani menjadi kurang maksimal. Pada penelitian ini dikembangkan sebuah aplikasi berbasis android yang dapat digunakan untuk mendeteksi dini serangan hama padi. Pengembangan aplikasi serangan hama padi berbasis android menggunakan metode <em>Build And Fix</em><strong>. </strong>Metode <em>Build and Fix</em> dipilih karena dianggap cocok untuk pengembangan aplikasi yang tidak terlalu besar. Sedangkan untuk pengujian aplikasi menggunakan metode <em>Black Box</em>. Dengan menggunakan metode pengembangan sistem <em>Build And Fix</em>, telah berhasil dibuat aplikasi deteksi dini serangan hama padi berbasis android. Sistem yang dibangun memiliki tingkat kemampuan aplikasi sebesar 100% setelah diuji menggunakan metode <em>Black Box</em>.</p><p><strong>Kata Kunci:</strong><strong> </strong><strong>Padi, Petani, Hama, Aplikasi Berbasis Android</strong><em></em></p>
UPAYA PEMBINAAN MASYARAKAT DALAM RANGKA PENGEMBANGAN DESA EKOWISATA DI DUSUN MENDIRO, DESA PANGLUNGAN, KECAMATAN WONOSALAM, KABUPATEN JOMBANG
Authors: Satrya I Dewa Gde , Kaihatu Thomas Stefanus , Pranata Lexi 
Published: August 2019

<p><strong><em>Abstarct</em></strong><em>. </em><em>The problems faced by the Mendiro village community are the function of protected forests, hunting of birds, timber theft / bamboo shoots, river pollution, logging in springs and the transfer of land ownership owned by people outside Wonosalam. The purpose of community service is to provide knowledge and skills to the hamlet of Mendiro Village and Panglungan Village to create a village of residence to become an ecotourism village. Over time, found collaboration of agro-tourism products which is the development of the potential that exists in the field. Service is carried out using participatory counseling methods followed by demonstrations and practices. The training activities are carried out intensively from February to August 2018 at the Panglungan Village Hall and at the residents' houses which are used as Tourist Information Centers. The activity begins with the provision of materials on the principles of ecotourism and community-based tourism, and is continued with comprehensive material to create an ecotourism village, starting with the provision of local culinary delights to making homestays. The conclusion of this dedication activity shows that the residents have high motivation to make their home village become an ecotourism village in order to overcome a number of problems listed above.<strong></strong></em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><em>ecotourism, agro-tourism, community-based tourism</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak.</strong> Masalah yang dihadapi masyarakat Desa Mendiro adalah fungsi hutan lindung, perburuan burung satwa, pencurian kayu/rebung, pencemaran sungai, penebangan di area mata air dan alih kepemilikan lahan milik orang di luar Wonosalam. Tujuan pengabdian kepada masyarakat adalah untuk memberi pengetahuan dan keterampilan kepada masyarakat Dusun Mendiro dan Desa Panglungan untuk menciptakan desa tempat tinggal menjadi desa ekowisata. Pengabdian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penyuluhan partisipatif yang diikuti dengan demonstrasi dan praktik. Kegiatan pelatihan dilaksanakan secara intensif sejak bulan Februari sampai Agustus 2018 bertempat di Balai Desa Panglungan dan di rumah warga yang dijadikan Tourist Information Centre. Kegiatan diawali dengan pemberian materi tentang prinsip-prinsip ekowisata dan pariwisata berbasis masyarakat, dan dilanjutkan dengan materi yang komprehensif untuk menciptakan desa ekowisata, mulai penyediaan kuliner lokal hingga pembuatan <em>homestay</em>. Kesimpulan dari kegiatan pengabdian ini menunjukkan bahwa para warga memiliki motivasi yang tinggi untuk menjadikan desa tempat tinggal mereka menjadi desa ekowisata guna mengatasi sejumlah permasalahan yang tertera di atas.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Kata kunci: </strong>Ekowisata, Pariwisata Berbasis Masyarakat</p>
PENGEMBANGAN KOMPETENSI PENDIDIK PAUD MELALUI DIKLAT KOMPETENSI SOSIAL
Authors: Lestariningrum Anik , Prastihastari W Intan , Iswantiningtyas Veny , Yulianto Dema , Lailiyah Nur , Kuntjojo Kuntjojo 
Published: August 2019

<p><strong><em>Abstract.</em></strong> <em>The objectives to be achieved through this activity are developing the competence of PAUD educators especially their social competencies. This is done in relation to the amount of input from PAUD educators who have difficulties in dealing with the work environment, communicating with colleagues as well as student guardians regarding the presence of PAUD educators who are considered young and have just graduated. The method that will be used in this activity is in the form of training, where participants will be provided with knowledge and learn to practice indicators that hold on to social competence. The training was held for 2 days, this was intended to enable participants to absorb knowledge and implement indicators of social competence through direct practice and independent assignments. Training results were analyzed by questionnaire showing very effective results of 3003, effective 2310, ineffective 1617, and very ineffective 924. Based on the results of the questionnaire calculation the total value was 3212 so it can be said that the implementation of training was very effective. In addition, there were many participants who wrote their suggestions and hopes so that the educator's competency training activities continued continuously.</em><em></em></p><p><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstrak.</strong> Tujuan yang akan dicapai melalui kegiatan ini yaitu mengembangkan kompetensi pendidik PAUD khususnya kompetensi sosialnya. Hal ini dilakukan terkait banyaknya masukan dari pendidik PAUD yang mengalami kesulitanm dalam hal berhubungan dengan lingkungan kerja, berkomunikasi dengan sejawat juga dengan wali murid terkait adanya pendidik PAUD yang dianggap masih muda dan baru lulus sarjana. Metode yang akan digunakan dalam kegiatan ini berupa diklat dimana peserta akan dibekali pengetahuan dan belajar mempraktekan indikator yang ada berpegangan dengan kompetensi sosial. Diklat ini dilaksanakan selama 2 hari, hal ini dimaksudkan agar peserta mampu menyerap pengetahuan dan mengimplementasikan indikator kompetensi sosial melalui praktek langsung serta tugas mandiri. Hasil diklat dianalisis dengan angket menunjukkan hasil sangat efektif 3003, efektif 2310, tidak efektif 1617, dan sangat tidak efektif 924. Berdasarkan hasil penghitungan angket nilai total sebesar 3212 sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa pelaksanaan diklat sangat efektif. Selain itu banyaknya peserta yang menuliskan saran serta harapannya supaya kegiatan diklat kompetensi pendidik terus dilakukan secara kontinyu.</p>
Olhares para a memória e para o tempo presente
Authors: Maciel Suellen Neto Pires 
Published: August 2019

Este texto realiza uma reflexão inicial a respeito das relações entre história, memória e direitos humanos. Desse modo, foram selecionados itens do programa de governo apresentado pelo Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT) na eleição presidencial de 2006, especificamente o tópico Direitos Humanos, e também trechos do Programa Nacional de Direitos Humanos 3 (PNDH 3) apresentado pela Secretaria de Direitos Humanos da Presidência da República, em 2010, notadamente o eixo orientador VI intitulado Direito à Memória e à Verdade tendo em vista que tocam diretamente em questões que conjugam história, memória e direitos humanos.
Impact of Psychological Empowerment on Job Performance of Teachers: Mediating Role of Psychological Well-being.
Authors: Ahmed Nisar , Malik Beenish 
Published: August 2019

Purpose: This study was carried out to investigate the impact of psychological empowerment and psychological well-being on the performance of teachers and to explore the effect of psychological well-being as a mediator between psychological empowerment and performance.
Research Design/Methodology: Convenience sampling was used to collect data from 261 secondary school teachers through a survey questionnaire in this cross-sectional study. The collected data was statistically analyzed by using SPSS software 23. Coefficient correlation, multiple regression and mediation analyses were carried out in pursuance of study objectives.
Findings: it was found that psychological empowerment and well-being were significantly and positively related to job performance of teachers. Moreover, results showed that psychological well-being partially mediated the relationship between psychological empowerment and well-being.
Practical Implications: When teachers perceive higher level of psychological factors (viz. psychological empowerment & well-being), they perform better. Therefore, it is essential for administrators and executives to attend to psychological factors of teachers in order to increase their performance.
Арт-терапия в системе методов психофизической реабилитации
Authors: Chalanova Raisa 
Published: August 2019

Актуальность темы исследований. В системе восстановительно-оздоровительных мероприятий в современной медицине реабилитации уделяется все больше внимания специалистов. Достижение более високих результатов лечения больных в целом и повышение эффективности восстановительного лечения является адекватным запросом общества. Таким образом, поиск новых и усовершенствование известных методов реаабилитации является актуальным направлением исследований. Один из путей повышения эффективности реабилитационных мероприятий – мобилизация всех внутренних ресурсов организма. В этом отношении интерес представляет активация не только периферического звена, на котором в основном строится вся система реабилитации, но и стимуляция центрального, регулирующего звена с обязательным включением в полный цикл восстановительных процессов психологического компонента. Так как этим требованиям удовлетворяет арттерапия, для специалистов представляется целесообразным больше внимания уделить именно этому методу. Цель исследований. Работа раскрывает обоснование эффективности включения арттерапии в систему психофизической реабилитацции. Методы исследований. Материалом для проведення исследований явились современные источники научной литературы, в которых отражаются результаты исследований функционирования высших отделов нервной системы при применении различных направлений арттерапии. Результати. На основании анализа литературных данных установлена роль психологического компонента в патогенезе заболеваний различной этиологии и его значимость в системе реабилитационных мероприятий. Отмечается целесообразность подхода к рассмотрению системы восстановительного лечения как психо-физической реабилитации. С этой точки зрения, арттерапия как элемент мощного психологического воздействия, безусловно, играет свою позитивную роль в стимуляции восстановительных процессов и является основанием для расширения показаний к ее применению в психо- физической реабилитации. Выводы. По результатам проведенного анализа литературных данных делается заключение о том, что позитивным механизмом воздействия арттерапии в процессе реабилитации является не только элемент творческой целенаправленной деятельности пациента, важны также эстетический компонент и способ отвлечения от негативного состояния. Доказанным является факт мобилизации способности головного мозга к высокой пластичности нейроструктур и активация сенсорно-моторных систем для создания новых нейронних сетей, которые реализуются под влиянием арттерапии, чем и объясняется достигаемый терапевтический эффект.