bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparison between the Disposcope endoscope and fiberoptic bronchoscope for nasotracheal intubation-A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yu Junma , Hu Rui , Wu Lining , Sun Peng , Zhang Zhi 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background

Nasotracheal intubation (NTI) is frequently performed in oral and maxillofacial surgeries. This study evaluated whether NTI is easier when guided by Disposcope endoscopy or fiberoptic bronchoscopy.

Methods

Sixty patients (30 per group) requiring NTI were randomly assigned to undergo fiberoptic bronchoscopy-guided (fibreoptic group) or Disposcope endoscope-guided (Disposcope group) NTI. Then, the NTI time were recorded. Epistaxis was recorded using direct laryngoscopy ﬁve minutes after completing NTI.

Results

The time to complete NTI was significantly longer in the fiberoptic group than the Disposcope group (38.4 sec vs 24.1 sec; mean difference, 14.2 sec; 95% CI, 10.4 to 18.1). In addition, Mild epistaxis (nasal bleeding) was observed in 8 patients in the fiberoptic group and 7 patients in the Disposcope group (26.7% vs 23.3%, respectively; relative risk, 1.2; 95% CI, 0.4 to 3.9). No moderate or severe epistaxis occurred in either group. Furthermore, there was no obvious nasal pain at any time point after extubation in the Disposcope group, and there was no significant difference between the two groups.

Conclusion

NTI can be completed successfully using either fiberoptic bronchoscopy or a Disposcope endoscope as a guide without any severe adverse reactions. However, compared to fiberoptic bronchoscopy, the Disposcope endoscope requires less transaction time.
Assessing vertical and horizontal movements of algal blooms in a coastal water using satellite remote sensing for optimal operation of desalination plants
Authors: Chen H. , Park M.-H. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are global concerns in coastal waters due to diffuse pollution and climate change. Emerging issues of HABs include their impact on desalination operations for water supply. This study utilizes composite satellite images to detect movement and propagation of algal blooms. Time series images from the Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) were used for monitoring chlorophyll-a in the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, which neighboring countries depend upon for desalination as their freshwater resource. Bi-daily MODIS data from the Terra and Aqua satellites were used to detect both vertical migration and horizontal movement of algal blooms. The results will be useful for creating an early warning system for desalination plants to anticipate operating strategies and intake locations to minimize impacts.
Degradation of α-terpineol in aqueous solution by UV/H2O2: kinetics, transformation products and pathways
Authors: Yao Jie , Guo Jinglin , Yang Zhaoguang , Li Haipu , Qiu Bo 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The monoterpene alcohol α-terpineol is extensively used as the foaming agent in mineral processing and can be released to environment along with the wastewater. This study evaluated the feasibility of eliminating α-terpineol in water by ultraviolet irradiation (UV) in combination with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Within an H2O2 dose of 10 mg/L and an UV fluence of 64.8 J/cm2, more than 95% of the α-terpineol can be removed. The reactions fitted well to pseudo-first-order kinetics, and the apparent rate constant was 0.0678 min−1. The effects of matrix species including various anions and humic acid (HA), were evaluated. The degradation rate decreased significantly with the addition of bicarbonate and HA. Further verification was carried out with three types of real water samples. In the ground water and the surface water, the degradation rate decreased likely due to the presence of natural organic matter. Finally, possible degradation pathways were proposed based on the identification of transformation products, and the occurrence of two main transformation products were monitored. This study demonstrated that the UV/H2O2 is an effective technology for the degradation of α-terpineol in water.
Recent Advances in Spontaneous Raman Spectroscopic Imaging: Instrumentation and Applications
Authors: Wang Nan , Cao Honghao , Wang Lin , Ren Feng , Zeng Qi , Xu Xinyi , Liang Jimin , Zhan Yonghua , Chen Xueli 
Published: June 2019

Background:
Spectroscopic imaging based on the spontaneous Raman scattering effects
can provide unique fingerprint information in relation to the vibration bands of molecules. Due to its
advantages of high chemical specificity, non-invasive detection capability, low sensitivity to water,
and no special sample pretreatment, Raman Spectroscopic Imaging (RSI) has become an invaluable
tool in the field of biomedicine and medicinal chemistry.

Methods:
There are three methods to implement RSI, including point scanning, line scanning and
wide-field RSI. Point-scanning can achieve two-and three-dimensional imaging of target samples.
High spectral resolution, full spectral range and confocal features render this technique highly attractive.
However, point scanning based RSI is a time-consuming process that can take several hours
to map a small area. Line scanning RSI is an extension of point scanning method, with an imaging
speed being 300-600 times faster. In the wide-field RSI, the laser illuminates the entire region of
interest directly and all the images then collected for analysis. In general, it enables more accurate
chemical imaging at faster speeds.

Results:
This review focuses on the recent advances in RSI, with particular emphasis on the latest
developments on instrumentation and the related applications in biomedicine and medicinal chemistry.
Finally, we prospect the development trend of RSI as well as its potential to translation from
bench to bedside.

Conclusion:
RSI is a powerful technique that provides unique chemical information, with a great
potential in the fields of biomedicine and medicinal chemistry.
Factors Affecting the Metabolite Productions in Endophytes: Biotechnological Approaches for Production of Metabolites
Authors: Morales-Sánchez Viridiana , Fe Andrés Maria , Díaz Carmen Elisa , González-Coloma Azucena 
Published: June 2019

:Since 1980, many species and different strains from endophytic genera of Phomopsis, Fusarium, Pestaliopsis and Aspergillus have been studied because of their ability to produce medicinal compounds found in their host plants. Some of these medicinal agents such as Taxol, Brefeldine A, Camptothecin and Podophyllotoxin are being produced in large-scale after an optimization process. However, the potential of fungal endophytes to produce host-like medicinal compounds remains largely unexplored.
Three Cases of Leber’s Hereditary Optic Neuropathy with Rapid Increase in Visual Acuity After Gene Therapy
Authors: Zhang Yong , Yuan Jia-jia , Liu Hong-li , Tian Zhen , Liu Si-wei , Li Bin 
Published: June 2019

Background:
During the first few trials of gene therapy for Leber’s hereditary optic
neuropathy performed by our group, the visual acuity of the patients increased gradually over several
months, or even years. However, in the current round of gene therapy for Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy,
we noted that the visual acuity of three patients increased rapidly, within a few days after
treatment.

Case presentation:
Three patients who were diagnosed with mitochondrial gene 11778 mutation (associated
with a G-to-A transition at Mt-11778 in the ND4 subunit gene of complex I of mitochondrial
DNA that changes an arginine to histidine at amino acid 340) by genetic diagnosis were followed up
three times before gene therapy, which lasted for 1 year, without spontaneous improvement of vision.
Visual acuity in one or both eyes of each of the three patients increased rapidly after the initial gene
therapy treatment.

Conclusions:
We suspect that in some patients with Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy, a portion of
the retinal ganglion cells might remain in a “dormant” state for a certain period of time; these may be
activated, within an optimal timeframe, during gene therapy for Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy.
How to Treat Osteoarthritis in Obese Patients?
Authors: Conrozier Thierry 
Published: June 2019

:
The close association between osteoarthritis (OA) and obesity is well established.
Mechanisms linking obesity and OA involve multifactorial phenomena such as systemic factors
(i.e. adipokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines), hormonal disturbances (hyperinsulinemia) and
muscule changes (i.e. sarcopenia and lower muscular tone). The concomitant increasing prevalence
of the two diseases have major health, social and economic consequences. However, to date no
specific recommendation for the medical management of obese patients with OA have been published.
Current recommendations only specify that obese patients must lose weight and practice
regular physical activity in addition to the usual care. Weight loss improves not only OA symptoms
but also metabolic abnormalities and cardiovascular risk factors commonly altered in subjects with
obesity. OA symptoms’ improvement has been shown to become clinically relevant from a weight
loss > 5% of the body weight. In case of morbid obesity, bariatric surgery may be the only alternative
for pain relief. After bariatric surgery, an appropriate calcium and vitamin D intake is recommended,
since it has been shown that bariatric surgery was associated with a reduction in the bone
mineral density and increased risk of fractures. An exercise program is essential for preserving
healthy muscles during weight loss.

:
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and corticosteroids must be avoided, especially in obese patients
with metabolic syndrome. In such patients symptomatic slow acting drugs for OA (i.e. glucosamine,
chondroitin) and some anti-oxidant drugs (i.e. curcumin, ginger extracts, copper) may be
helpful thanks to their excellent benefit/risk ratio and their mode of action which may have a positive
impact on both OA and obesity-related metabolic disorders. Recent research focuses on the development
of molecules aimed for promoting the production of heme oxygenase (HO-1). HO-1 decreases
the production of oxygen free radicals and protects tissues from oxidative stress in the insulin
resistance syndrome. Intra-articular (IA) injections of hyaluronic acid and corticosteroid have
few adverse events. However, physicians must inform patients that IA treatments have a lower success
rate in obese patients than in those with normal body mass index. Spa therapy contributes to
relief pain, favour weight-loss and reduces metabolic abnormalities with a favourable risk/benefit
balance.
Therapeutic Value of Vitamin D as an Adjuvant Therapy in Neonates with Sepsis
Authors: Hagag Adel A. , El Frargy Mohamed S. , Houdeeb Hoassam A. 
Published: June 2019

:
Sepsis is unusual systemic reaction to an ordinary infection, and it probably represents
a pattern of response by the immune system to the injury. Vitamin D is a fat-soluble steroid hormone
that contributes to the maintenance of normal calcium homeostasis and skeletal mineralization.
Vitamin D has an important role in the regulation of both innate and adaptive immune systems.

Aim of the Work:
The current study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic value of vitamin D supplementation
as an adjuvant therapy in neonates with sepsis.

Subjects and Method:
This study included 60 neonates with sepsis who were randomly divided
into 2 equal groups; group I: 30 neonates with sepsis who received antibiotic only, Group II: 30
neonates with sepsis who received antibiotic therapy and vitamin D. This study also included 30
healthy neonates as a control group. For all patients and controls, serum level of 25 (OH) vitamin
D and highly sensitive C reactive protein (hs-CRP) were immunoassayed.

Results:
There is no significant difference between groups I, II and controls regarding weight,
gestational age, sex and mode of delivery. There were significant differences between groups I
and II in sepsis score and hs-CRP after 3, 7, 10 days of treatment (p values for sepsis score were
0.009, 0.006, 0.004 respectively and for hs-CRP were 0.015, 0.001, 0.001 respectively). There
was a significant difference in immature /total (I/T) ratio after 7, and 10 days of treatment (p
value= 0.045, 0.025, respectively,) while there was no significant difference in immature /total
(I/T) ratio after 3 days of treatment (p value = 0.624).Serum 25(OH) vitamin D levels were significantly
lower in neonates with sepsis (group I and II) than the controls (p value < 0.05, while
there were no significant differences between the three groups considering serum calcium and
phosphorus levels (P =1.000, 1.000, respectively). Isolated organisms from blood culture in neonates
with sepsis (group I and group II) were most commonly B- hemolytic streptococci, E-coli,
hemophilus influenza and staphylococcus aurous. There was a significant negative correlation between
hs-CRP and serum 25 (OH) vitamin in group II on entry (r = - 0.832 and P value = 0.001)
and after 2 weeks (r = - 0.590 and P value = 0.021). ROC curve of specificity and sensitivity of 25
(OH) vitamin D level in prediction of early-onset neonatal sepsis showed that cutoff value of vitamin
D was ≤20 ng/ml, sensitivity was 100%, specificity was 73%, positive predictive value was
73%, negative predictive value was 100% and accuracy was 87.

Conclusion and Recommendation:
Serum 25 (OH) vitamin D levels of neonates with the early
onset neonatal sepsis were significantly lower than the healthy controls. Vitamin D supplementation
improved sepsis score and decrease high levels of hs-CRP; this reflects the role of vitamin D
as a target therapy for neonatal sepsis. Further studies are warranted to confirm the therapeutic
value of vitamin D in neonatal sepsis.
Enzymatic Textile Dyes Decolorization by In vitro and In silico Studies
Authors: Ayla Sridevi , Kallubai Monika , Pallipati Suvarnalatha Devi , Narasimha Golla 
Published: June 2019

Background:Laccase, a multicopper oxidoreductase (EC: 1.10.3.2), is a widely used enzyme in bioremediation of textile dye effluents. Fungal Laccase is preferably used as a remediating agent in the treatment and transformation of toxic organic pollutants. In this study, crude laccase from a basidiomycetes fungus, Phanerochaete sordida, was able to decolorize azo, antroquinone and indigoid dyes. In addition, interactions between dyes and enzyme were analysed using molecular docking studies.Methods:In this work, a white rot basidiomycete’s fungus, Phanerochaete sordida, was selected from forest soil isolates of Eastern Ghats, and Tirumala and lignolytic enzymes production was assayed after 7 days of incubation. The crude enzyme was checked for decolourisation of various synthetic textile dyes (Vat Brown, Acid Blue, Indigo, Reactive Blue and Reactive Black). Molecular docking studies were done using Autodock-4.2 to understand the interactions between dyes and enzymes.Results:Highest decolourisation efficiency was achieved with the crude enzyme in case of vat brown whereas the lowest decolourisation efficiency was achieved in Reactive blue decolourisation. Similar results were observed in their binding affinity with lignin peroxidase of Phanerochaete chrysosporium through molecular docking approach.Conclusion:Thus, experimental results and subsequent in silico validation involving an advanced remediation approach would be useful to reduce time and cost in other similar experiments.
Impact of Microencapsulation on Two Probiotic Strains in Alginate Chitosan and Eudragit S100 Under Gastrointestinal and Normal Conditions
Authors: Rahmati Farzad 
Published: June 2019

Background:
Nanoparticles in biotechnology studies have played a significant role during the recent years and a wide range of them are being applied in food industries to prolong the microorganisms viability for more effective function in food processing and human gut.

Methods:
The main purpose of this research was evaluating the viability of two bacteria of Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus bulgaricus treated through double-coated beads including alginate Chitosan (First coating), and Eudragit S100 (Second coating) in simulated Gastrointestinal (GI) circumstance and yogurt. Free cells were employed as a control test and the results reflected that microencapsulated strains can survive longer than the normal cells.

Results:
The number of free cells of L. casei and L. bulgaricus respectively decreased from 6.0×106 and 7.2×106 (In the first day) to 4.1×105 and 5.3×106 (In the day 32) in GI condition. Also, in the same intervals of time, the number of double-coated L. casei and L. bulgaricus decreased respectively from 6.9×108 and 7.1×108 to 4.5×107 and 3.1×107 in simulated condition. Furthermore, the pH rate steadily decreased, however, it was more dramatic in the first week, whereas the trend gradually became more moderate in the last two measurements.

Conclusion:
Results indicated that microencapsulation increases the bacteria viability. Also, the pattern of pH changes was similar for both strains and revealed that the rates of pH and acidity in both double-coated and normal forms are close to the control test in the final measurement.
Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibitory Properties of Mangifera indica leaf Extract
Authors: Begum Sainiara , Banerjee Archana , De Bratati 
Published: June 2019

Aims:The foliar residues of Mangiferaindica tree are usually burned or used for soil amelioration except nominal uses as fodder.Methods:To add value to this agricultural waste, extracts of the leafy residues of M. indica were studied to analyze their potential as antioxidants and to inhibit the enzymes related to the management of diabetes, Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), hepatic disorders as well as to identify important phytochemicals present in the extracts.Results:Results depicts that the leaves have notable bioactivities. The methanol extract (ME) showed much potential than ethyl acetate fraction after hydrolysis (HME) against α-amylase and α- glucosidase. The activity against the enzyme β-glucuronidase was also higher than that of the commercial β- glucuronidase inhibitor. The extract after hydrolysis showed better antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities. Detection of important phytochemicals such as chrysin and myricetn, alizarin, arbutin, hydroquinone, tyrosol, taxifolin, kaempferol, mangiferin, and the vitamin alpha tocophereol, in addition to a number of organic acids, amino acids, fatty acids, sugars and polyols by GC-MS and HPTLC based analysis of the extract of M. indica leaf, also suggest the use of the leaves as sources of these important phytochemicals.Conclusion:More concisely HME with more number of detected metabolites found better to be used against oxidative stress as well as enzymes related to neural and liver disorders than that of ME.
Review of Medicinal Uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacological Properties, Extraction Methods and Toxicology of Lannea microcarpa (African Grapes)
Authors: Mangla Bharti , Kohli Kanchan , Rabiu Saifu 
Published: June 2019

Ethnopharmacological Relevance:
Lannea microcarpa is an African herbal medicinal
plant by pan-African distribution and has huge native medicinal and non-medicinal
applications. The plant is being used traditionally as a medicine for many diseases such as
mouth blisters, rheumatism, dysentery, sore throat, as a dressing on boils, as a cathartic, livestock
feed, diarrhoea, gastroenteritis, malaria, dysentery, infection from bacteria, toothaches,
gastroenteritis, female infertility, in blood pressure, oedema, coughing, cathartic, poisoning,
and burns. It is also used in the manufacture of the cloths termed ‘basilan fini’ widely related
to the concept of healing (medicine applied on cloth).

Aim of the Review:
This review aims to assemble an up-to-date review of the advancement
made in the continuous pharmacological and phytochemical study of Lannea microcarpa
and the consistent commercial and therapeutic application of it. These findings provide
guide to the upcoming research on this plant.

Methods:
The assessment is systematically directed by searching the database of MEDLINE,
PubMed, Springer, BMC, the Web of Knowledge, Google Scholar, ChemSpider and
Science Direct for original research articles and books using related search terms.

Result:
Pharmacological studies verified the capability of this plant as it showed antioxidant,
anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities. Bioactive constituents are found to be
present in all parts of the plant. So far, this plant having high antioxidant capabilities, Lannea
microcarpa is composed of many chemical compounds such as vitexin, lipids, proteins
& amino acids, epi-catechin, gallic acid, myricetin, iso-Vitexin, fatty acid, carbohydrates,
and tannins. This plant possesses antioxidant and antimicrobial properties owing to the presence
of polyphenolics & flavonoids constituents. Novel compounds with the potent antiinflammatory
effects such as 4’-methoxy-myricetin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside, myricetin
3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside, and myricetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside among others, have
been identified. Microparticles formulation of Lannea microcarpa was also prepared and
further studies are still going on.
Movilización de los desfavorecidos: condición del desarrollo humano y sostenible
Authors: Canto Sáenz Rodolfo 
Published: June 2019

<p>El autor de este artículo sostiene que el crecimiento económico y la democracia no son suficientes para asegurar objetivos de desarrollo humano y sostenible; aun así, ambos factores deben estar presentes. A pesar de que existan altas tasas de crecimiento y elecciones libres, es posible observar cómo se acentúan la pobreza, la desigualdad y el deterioro ambiental cuando el poder económico y político está concentrado en élites que se resisten al cambio social. Ante este escenario, la organización política de las clases trabajadoras es imprescindible para traducir sus demandas en efectivas políticas públicas. La agitación y movilización de los<br />desfavorecidos, con el apoyo de sus aliados, amplían los alcances del razonamiento público en una sociedad democrática</p>
Hans-Georg Gadamer: la historicidad de la comprensión de la historia
Authors: Amador Bech Julio 
Published: June 2019

<p>En este artículo se presenta una síntesis crítica de los lineamientos más generales de la hermenéutica filosófica, fundada por Hans-Georg Gadamer. Comienza por mostrar la manera en la cual Gadamer se basó en la fundamentación ontológica de la hermenéutica, llevada a cabo por su maestro, Martin Heidegger, en su obra Ontología (hermenéutica de la facticidad) de 1923. Expone los conceptos básicos de Gadamer acerca de la comprensión y la interpretación, para luego situarlos en el marco de la comprensión de la historia, la cual es, a su vez, histórica. Se muestra que la sociedad está inmersa en tradiciones, y la manera en la cual nuestra pertenencia a una tradición específica orienta la interpretación de los textos y de las obras de arte</p>
Realineamiento electoral en los comicios estatales en México, 2018. La emergencia contundente de un partido
Authors: Bravo Ahuja Ruiz María Marcela 
Published: June 2019

<p>El tema central de este artículo es el estudio de las nueve elecciones de dicho género que se llevaron a cabo en 2018, con la idea de que forman parte de una importante ruptura del sistema político vigente en México; cuyas características se precisan a través de la revisión teórica e histórica de los conceptos que dicha afirmación contiene y de sus particularidades en la evolución del país. El artículo tiene como punto de partida la consideración de que con las elecciones de 2018 concluyó una etapa que se gestó en 1988, cuando entró en crisis la capacidad del Partido Revolucionario Institucional (pri) de controlar el voto que lo había mantenido como hegemónico durante ochenta y nueve años</p>