bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DIMENSIONAMENTO DE UM REATOR UASB PARA TRATAMENTO DE EFLUENTES DOMESTICOS E RECUPERAÇÃO DO BIOGÁS PARA PRODUÇÃO ENERGÉTICA: UM ESTUDO DE CASO EM POUSO ALEGRE (MG)
Authors: Silveira Filho Agnelo Sebastião Lima , Mensah Johson Herlich Roslee , Battiston Kalahan De Mello , Barros Matheus Siqueira , Dos Santos Ivan Felipe Silva 
Published: June 2018

A universalização do saneamento e a geração de energias renováveis de modo descentralizado são dois aspectos essenciais para o desenvolvimento sustentável. Unindo os dois temas, o presente artigo apresenta os resultados do dimensionamento de um reator UASB (No inglês: Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactors) para uma estação de tratamento de esgoto seguido da análise da recuperação do biogás produzido neste reator para geração de energia elétrica na cidade de Pouso Alegre – MG. Inicialmente foi realizada uma projeção populacional da cidade para um período de projeto de 20 anos, seguida do cálculo das vazões de efluentes domésticos do projeto. De posse das vazões de projeto foi elaborado todo o dimensionamento do reator, sendo propostos um total de 6 reatores trabalhando com uma vazão média de projeto de 0,33 16m3"> /s e, também foi estimado a produção de biogás (1,48 M 16m3"> /ano) e de energia (1,92 GWh/ano) que poderiam ser gerados na estação de tratamento anualmente. Palavras-chave: Reator UASB, Tratamento de Esgoto, Biogás, Geração de Energia.
UTILIZAÇÃO DE BOMBA FUNCIONANDO COMO TURBINA OPERANDO À FREQUÊNCIA VARIÁVEL COMO ALTERNATIVA DE GERAÇÃO DE ENERGIA
Authors: Custódio Letícia Moreira , Avelar Laís , Valamiel Vinicius , Cardoso Rafael Balbino , Lopes Rafael Emílio 
Published: June 2018

O sistema de geração e transmissão do Brasil é interligado sendo capaz de gerar energia em locais isolados e entregar aos centros de carga. Entretanto, gastos com transmissão e perdas de energia envolvidos no processo são relevantes. Assim a geração distribuída se mostra uma alternativa de geração próxima ao centro consumidor, independente da potência, aproveitando potencial local, reduzindo portanto, perdas energéticas e custos com a transmissão. O estudo evidencia a Bomba funcionando como turbina (BFT) como alternativa de geração distribuída com custos de instalação, operação e manutenção altamente competitivos quando comparado a outras fontes de energia. Neste trabalho uma bomba é ensaiada na bancada de testes em diferentes rotações. Traçado o comportamento da mesma operando com velocidade variável, é possível apreender a melhor faixa de operação da bomba, com os melhores índices obtidos. Os resultados evidenciam que é possível o aproveitamento desse tipo de geração distribuída estável, com rendimentos satisfatórios, como alternativa de geração e aproveitamento do potencial energético local, entregando uma energia de qualidade, auxiliando comunidades isoladas, utilizando de forma racional os recursos energéticos. Palavras-chave Geração distribuída, Bomba funcionando como turbina, Conversores.
Estudo da Qualidade Ambiental de APP de nascentes da Bacia do Ribeirão José Pereira, com o auxílio do Geoprocessamento
Authors: Pons Nívea Adriana Dias , Pereira Izabela Zanon 
Published: June 2018

Neste trabalho, objetivou-se analisar a qualidade ambiental das nascentes da bacia hidrográfica do ribeirão José Pereira, localizado no município de Itajubá-MG. Para tanto, utilizou-se o Sistema de Informações Geográficas (SIG) para a delimitação das Áreas de Proteção Permanente (APP) das respectivas nascentes, elaboração dos mapas de Hipsometria e Declividade, além do Mapa de Uso e Ocupação do Solo. Dentre os resultados, constatou-se que das 63 APPs de nascentes mapeadas, apenas 29% estão protegidas por vegetação, os restantes encontram-se da seguinte forma: 37% pastagem; 6% Urbanização; 5% plantio; 3% solo exposto e 20% transição entre essas áreas. Além disso, constatou-se também, a partir da análise do Mapa de Uso e Ocupação do Solo dos anos de 2012 e de 2015, o aumento da pastagem de 49,78% para 51,56% e, da agricultura, de 1,29% para 3,93%. Como consequência, houve uma redução da vegetação, de 41,1% para 38,02%. Por conseguinte, para a validação dos resultados encontrados e para teste da metodologia do Índice de Qualidade Visual (IQV), foram avaliadas 5 nascentes, com base no questionário modificado de Melloni (2001). Nas APP de nascentes onde foram encontradas áreas de pastagem e transição, estas apresentaram um IQV baixo, representando existência de degradação ambiental, principalmente pelo fato de que em nenhuma é respeitada a distância de 50 m exigida pela Legislação Ambiental (Nº 12.727/12). Por fim, constatou-se que é necessária uma maior fiscalização, medidas de recuperação da vegetação e, também, programas de conscientização sobre a importância das Matas Ciliares em APPs, para a proteção das nascentes. Palavras-chaveMata ciliar, Nascentes e Geoprocessamento.
INFLUÊNCIA DA VARIAÇÃO DE FeSO4 NO TEMPO DE DECANTAÇÃO DOS SÓLIDOS SEDIMENTÁVEIS DE RESÍDUO LÍQUIDO DE LATICÍNIO NOS PROCESSOS FENTON E FOTO FENTON SOLAR
Authors: Pereira Suelen Aparecida Gianini , Fernandes Taciano Benedito 
Published: June 2018

Os laticínios, no Brasil, podem ser considerados um dos empreendimentos mais poluentes, por possuírem diferentes concentrações e substâncias em seus resíduos líquidos, como detergentes, graxas e nutrientes que quando lançados diretamente no corpo d’água sem os devidos tratamentos ocasionam graves problemas ambientais. Um dos problemas mais graves está relacionado à quantidade de sólidos suspensos e sedimentáveis presentes nos resíduos líquidos oriundos do processamento de leite e derivados lácteos. O tratamento de resíduos líquidos é uma questão ambiental importante a ser considerada nesta atividade para adequar os resíduos aos padrões de lançamento estabelecidos pela legislação. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a influência da variação de FeSO4 na sedimentação de sólidos sedimentáveis de resíduos líquidos de laticínios pelos processos Fenton e Foto-Fenton solar como alternativa de tratamento para resíduos líquidos desta atividade. Foram utilizados dois processos oxidativos avançados com concentrações de FeSO4, 1,349 g e manteve-se fixa a quantidade de H2O2 de 30 volumes, 1 ml, aplicados em, 999 ml do resíduo líquido do laticínio do IFSULDEMINAS – Campus Inconfidentes. O intervalo de tempo avaliado foi de uma hora com verificação de sedimentação a cada 15 minutos em cone Imhoff. Os resultados alcançados foram satisfatórios apenas na maior concentração.Os resultados obtidos com a maior concentração nos processos Fenton e Foto-Fenton solar constituem uma alternativa no tratamento de resíduos líquidos de laticínios. Palavras-chave Processos oxidativos avançados, águas residuárias, tratamento de resíduos líquidos.
APPRENDRE EN LISANT EN HISTOIRE EN RECOURANT AU MANUEL SCOLAIRE OU À UN CORPUS D’OEUVRES DOCUMENTAIRES ET DE FICTION
Authors: Martel Virginie , Cartier Sylvie C. , Butler Deborah L. 
Published: June 2018

Compte tenu des difficultés associées à la lecture visant l’apprentissage en histoire, cette étude cherche à mieux comprendre la relation entre le choix de la ressource de lecture et l’apprentissage par la lecture (APL) d’élèves de 6eannée lors de situations d’APL bénéficiant du soutien des enseignants. Les objectifs poursuivis sont les suivants : 1) décrire l’APL des élèves dans un contexte de recours à un manuel scolaire ou à des œuvres documentaires ou de fiction; 2) comparer les apports et les limites de ces deux choix pour l’APL des élèves; 3) décrire, de manière exploratoire, le recours spontané aux images en tant que support informatif. Pour cette étude, une méthode de recherche mixte a été utilisée : l’analyse de cas multiples (Yin, 2003) insérée dans un design pré/post. Les résultats vont dans le sens de travaux antérieurs qui valident la pertinence du modèle d’APL de Cartier (2007) en montrant l’interaction entre l’activité proposée, les textes choisis, les occasions d’APL et le domaine d’apprentissage. Ils illustrent plus spécifiquement l’effet bénéfique d’une démarche de planification et de soutien à l’APL dans le contexte spécifique du recours à un manuel scolaire et, parallèlement, les nombreux défis soulevés par le recours à un corpus d’oeuvres en contexte d’APL. Les résultats mettent aussi en lumière que les élèves n’utilisent pas spontanément l’apport informatif des images en contexte d’APL, ce qui oblige à penser un soutien spécifique en ce sens.
LE TCHAT (CLAVARDAGE) COMME MATÉRIAU D’ÉCRITURE DRAMATIQUE : RÉÉCRITURES LITTÉRAIRES DE L’INSTANTANÉ
Authors: Bazile Sandrine 
Published: June 2018

Outil de communication synchrone à base textuelle, letchatest une pratique sociale établie chez les adolescents : il obéit à des codes distincts de ceux de la conversation (Branca-Rosoff, 2007 ; Pierozak, 2003 ; Filatova, 2006), avec laquelle il partage toutefois certaines caractéristiques (immédiateté, spontanéité…). Par ailleurs, letchatpartage avec l’écriture dramatique la contemporanéité de son propos, sa forme dialogique notamment, même si leurs codes linguistiques et culturels divergent.Si l’hétérogénéité du médium joue un rôle dans le rapport du scripteur à son texte mais aussi dans la linéarisation textuelle (Plane, 2000), l’outiltchat, parce qu’il partage avec l’oral et l’écrit des propriétés de textualisation, semble constituer une passerelle intéressante entre la conversation et le texte dramatique contemporain. À partir de ces postulats, un dispositif d’écriture littéraire dramatique est proposé en classe de quatrième, dans lequel l’historique dutchatconstitue le matériau hétérogène et mobile de la réécriture. L’analyse des discours successifs produits par les élèves (Fabre-Cols, 2002 ; 2004) permet de penser letchatcomme une passerelle multimodale, entre production d’un genre premier (conversation) et d’un genre second (écriture littéraire), suscitant des compétences textuelles nouvelles (Lebrun, Lacelle & Boutin, 2012 ; Fatrez & De Smedt, 2012) et interrogeant le rapport à l’oeuvre littéraire et le processus de construction du sens.
Faire la paix par l’humanitaire. Les pacifistes françaises au secours des enfants d’Allemagne : un premier pas vers un rapprochement franco-allemand (1919-1925)
Authors: Doucet Marie-Michèle 
Published: June 2018

Pour les pacifistes françaises, la paix après la Grande Guerre passe par un rapprochement franco-allemand. Privées du droit de vote jusque dans les années 1940, ces femmes utilisent l’action humanitaire comme moyen de contribuer à la vie politique. La création du Comité français de secours aux enfants en 1919 et de l’Action fraternelle pour les enfants de la Ruhr en 1923 leur offre l’opportunité de travailler directement auprès des enfants allemands, tâche qui va toutefois à contre-courant de l’opinion générale de la population française. Nous montrerons dans cet article que le secours offert par les pacifistes françaises aux petits d’Allemagne s’insère dans un processus que l’on appelle « sortie de guerre ». En leur permettant de prendre position politique, ou du moins d’agir symboliquement, en faveur de la réconciliation franco-allemande, l’humanitaire apparaît comme un moyen de travailler concrètement à l’établissement de la paix, dont le rapprochement entre les ennemies d’hier constitue une première étape.
Dissenting in the First World War: Henri Bourassa and Transnational Resistance to War
Authors: Keelan Geoff 
Published: June 2018

This article discusses the connection between French Canadian nationalist, the journalist Henri Bourassa, and other international voices that opposed the First World War. It examines common ideas found in Bourassa’s writing and the writing of the Union of Democratic Control in Britain and the position of Pope Benedict XV about the war’s consequences, militarism and the international system. This article argues that Bourassa’s role as a Canadian dissenter must also be understood as part of a larger transnational reaction to the war that communicated similar solutions to the problems presented by the war.
Risk of heatstroke determined using data on accidents that occurred during club activities at secondary/high schools: relationship between outdoor climate and accidents at schools (Part 4)
Authors: Iwashita Go 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe frequencies and characteristics of heatstroke occurring in secondary/high schools were investigated using data from the National Agency for the Advancement of Sports and Health, and an analysis was performed for a 10‐year period (2005‐2014). Nine representative cities in Japan were investigated. The frequencies of heatstroke during the athletic club activities were appreciably high in the schoolyard and gymnasium. Heatstroke most commonly occurred in the schoolyard during athletic club activities, physical education, and field day at a wet‐bulb globe temperature (WBGT) of 31°C and in the gymnasium during athletic club activities at a WBGT >31°C. The determined accident ratio (number of accidents during each club activity divided by the club's population) in the gymnasium during the female badminton club activities was the highest. Although badminton is played in a gymnasium, these WBGT results show that the risk level during badminton under hot and humid conditions is equal to that of baseball or rugby played in the schoolyard.
Rearrangements and Fragmentations Mediated by Hypervalent Iodine Reagents
Authors: Wengryniuk Sarah E. , Canesi Sylvain 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis chapter describes the most important fragmentations and rearrangements induced by hypervalent iodine reagents reported in the literature as heavy metal substitutes. Several remarkable transformations that allow redesigning simple structures into elaborated and functionalized scaffolds are presented. In addition, new generations of famous transformations performed under milder conditions and, consequently, expanded scopes are also listed. Diol cleavage; decarboxylations; radical fragmentations; novel variants of Hofmann, Curtius, and Beckmann rearrangements; and aliphatic and aryl transpositions are discussed. These processes are triggered by stoichiometric or catalytically generatedin situiodane species. In addition, current examples of enantioselective variants are discussed. Other types of rearrangements, such as an iodonio‐Claisen, ring contractions and elongations, and oxidative phenols dearomatization and an arylative Meyer–Schuster reaction, are also listed.
Magnetic Anisotropy Switch: Easy Axis to Easy Plane Conversion and Vice Versa
Authors: Perfetti Mauro , Sørensen Mikkel A. , Hansen Ursula B. , Bamberger Heiko , Lenz Samuel , Hallmen Philipp P. , Fennell Tom , Simeoni Giovanna G. , Arauzo Ana , Bartolomé Juan , Bartolomé Elena , Lefmann Kim , Weihe Høgni , van Slageren Joris , Bendix Jesper 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe rational design of the magnetic anisotropy of molecular materials constitutes a goal of primary importance in molecular magnetism. Indeed, the applications of molecular nanomagnets, such as single‐molecule magnets and molecular magnetic refrigerants, depend on the full control over this property. Axially anisotropic magnetic systems are frequently classified as easy axis or easy plane, depending on whether the lowest energy is obtained by application of a magnetic field parallelly or perpendicularly to the unique axis. Here, the magnetic anisotropy of three lanthanide complexes is studied as a function of magnetic field and temperature. It is found that for two of these the type of magnetic anisotropy switches as a function of these parameters. Thus, this paper experimentally demonstrates that the magnetic anisotropy is not uniquely defined by the intrinsic electronic structure of the systems in question but can also be reversibly switched using external stimuli: temperature and magnetic field.
Ternary Emission of Fluorescence and Dual Phosphorescence at Room Temperature: A Single‐Molecule White Light Emitter Based on Pure Organic Aza‐Aromatic Material
Authors: Zhou Changjiang , Zhang Shitong , Gao Yu , Liu Haichao , Shan Tong , Liang Xiaoming , Yang Bing , Ma Yuguang 
Published: June 2018

AbstractHerein, a simple aza‐aromatic compound dibenzo[a,c]phenazine (DPPZ), which exhibits single‐molecule white light with a ternary emission, consisting of simultaneous fluorescence (S1→S0) and dual room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP, T2→S0 and T1→S0) is reported. The Commission Internationale de l' Éclairage coordinates of DPPZ powder are (0.28, 0.33). To everyone's knowledge, this is the first case to achieve single‐molecule white emission with ternary emission of fluorescence and dual RTP. This finding provides a prototype strategy to realize low‐cost, stable pure organic single‐molecule white light emission with three standard primary colors through further precise modulation of excited states.
Impact of Nonfullerene Molecular Architecture on Charge Generation, Transport, and Morphology in PTB7‐Th‐Based Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Yi Xueping , Gautam Bhoj , Constantinou Iordania , Cheng Yuanhang , Peng Zhengxing , Klump Erik , Ba Xiaochu , Ho Carr Hoi Yi , Dong Chen , Marder Seth R. , Reynolds John R. , Tsang Sai‐Wing , Ade Harald , So Franky 
Published: June 2018

AbstractDespite the rapid development of nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs), the fundamental understanding on the relationship between NFA molecular architecture, morphology, and device performance is still lacking. Herein, poly[[4,8‐bis[5‐(2‐ethylhexyl)thiophene‐2‐yl]benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b0]dithiophene‐2,6‐diyl][3‐fluoro‐2‐[(2‐ethylhexyl)carbonyl]‐thieno[3,4‐b]thiophenediyl]] (PTB7‐Th) is used as the donor polymer to compare an NFA with a 3D architecture (SF‐PDI4) to a well‐studied NFA with a linear acceptor–donor–acceptor (A–D–A) architecture (ITIC). The data suggest that the NFA ITIC with a linear molecular structure shows a better device performance due to an increase in short‐circuit current (  Jsc) and fill factor (FF) compared to the 3D SF‐PDI4. The charge generation dynamics measured by femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy (TAS) reveals that the exciton dissociation process in the PTB7‐Th:ITIC films is highly efficient. In addition, the PTB7‐Th:ITIC blend shows a higher electron mobility and lower energetic disorder compared to the PTB7‐Th:SF‐PDI4 blend, leading to higher values ofJscand FF. The compositional sensitive resonant soft X‐ray scattering (R‐SoXS) results indicate that ITIC molecules form more pure domains with reduced domain spacing, resulting in more efficient charge transport compared with the SF‐PDI4 blend. It is proposed that both the molecular structure and the corresponding morphology of ITIC play a vital role for the good solar cell device performance.
A Universal and Ultrastable Mineralization Coating Bioinspired from Biofilms
Authors: Yang Xiao , Li Zhenhua , Xiao Hong , Wang Ning , Li Yanpu , Xu Xinyuan , Chen Zhijun , Tan Hong , Li Jianshu 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA simple and universal method for manufacturing a mineralization coating on various surfaces is developed using a biofilm‐based material obtained from engineered curli nanofibers. The amyloid protein (CsgA) is the main proteinaceous component in the Escherichia coli (E. coli) biofilm, which can withstand detergents in the harsh environment. The peptide sequence DDDEEK is bioinspired from salivary acquired pellicles in the dental plaque biofilm, having a strong ability to absorb mineral ions and induce the formation of biominerals. The bioinspired coating is successfully secreted by the engineered E. coli, which is transformed with a recombinant plasmid for expression with T7 promoter (PET), namely PET‐22b‐CsgA‐DDDEEK plasmid. The uniform coating can bear shear force and stay on virtually any type of material surface for at least one month. Moreover, the coated slices had a good mineralization performance and better stability than hydroxyapatite (HA)‐spray slices. Furthermore, MG63 cells on the bioactive HA layer induced by the coating possess a better growth capacity than those on the commercial product Matrigel. The animal experiment results suggest that the coated Ti6Al4V screws with induced HA present better osteogenicity and osseointegration than HA‐sprayed screws after 12 weeks, as well as no extra immunogenicity. Thus, the coating is highly promising for biomedical applications.
Quasi‐Solid‐State Single‐Atom Transistors
Authors: Xie Fangqing , Peukert Andreas , Bender Thorsten , Obermair Christian , Wertz Florian , Schmieder Philipp , Schimmel Thomas 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe single‐atom transistor represents a quantum electronic device at room temperature, allowing the switching of an electric current by the controlled and reversible relocation of one single atom within a metallic quantum point contact. So far, the device operates by applying a small voltage to a control electrode or “gate” within the aqueous electrolyte. Here, the operation of the atomic device in the quasi‐solid state is demonstrated. Gelation of pyrogenic silica transforms the electrolyte into the quasi‐solid state, exhibiting the cohesive properties of a solid and the diffusive properties of a liquid, preventing the leakage problem and avoiding the handling of a liquid system. The electrolyte is characterized by cyclic voltammetry, conductivity measurements, and rotation viscometry. Thus, a first demonstration of the single‐atom transistor operating in the quasi‐solid‐state is given. The silver single‐atom and atomic‐scale transistors in the quasi‐solid‐state allow bistable switching between zero and quantized conductance levels, which are integer multiples of the conductance quantum G0 = 2e2/h. Source–drain currents ranging from 1 to 8 µA are applied in these experiments. Any obvious influence of the gelation of the aqueous electrolyte on the electron transport within the quantum point contact is not observed.
Exploring Green Solvents Associated to Pd/C as Heterogeneous Catalyst for Direct Arylation of Heteroaromatics with Aryl Bromides
Authors: Mao Shuxin , Shi Xinzhe , Soulé Jean‐François , Doucet Henri 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMetal residues are certainly one of the major sources of contamination of products in metal‐catalyzed direct arylation reactions. We found that the use of only 1 mol% of the heterogeneous catalyst Pd/C promotes very efficiently the direct arylations of most heteroaromatics. In the presence of this catalyst and potassium acetate as the base, the direct arylation of thiophenes, furans, pyrroles, thiazoles, imidazoles or isoxazoles, using aryl bromides as coupling partners, proceeds highly regioselectively and in moderate to very high yields. With several heteroarenes both electron‐deficient and electron‐rich aryl bromides were tolerated; moreover, with the most reactive heteroarenes, the Pd/C catalyst tolerated green solvents such as diethyl carbonate, 3‐methylbutan‐1‐ol and pentan‐1‐ol, affording a synthetic scheme with low environmental impact.magnified image