bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Substantial Biomechanical Improvement by Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy After Surgical Repair of Rodent Chronic Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: Feichtinger Xaver , Monforte Xavier , Keibl Claudia , Hercher David , Schanda Jakob , Teuschl Andreas H. , Muschitz Christian , Redl Heinz , Fialka Christian , Mittermayr Rainer 
Published: June 2019

Background: Characteristics of chronic rotator cuff tears include continuous loss of tendon structure as well as tendon elasticity, followed by a high failure rate after surgical reconstruction. Several studies have already shown the beneficial effect of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) on tissue regeneration in tendon pathologies. Hypothesis: ESWT improves biomechanical tendon properties as well as functional shoulder outcomes in chronic rotator cuff reconstruction in rodents. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: After tendon detachment and 3 weeks of degeneration, a subsequent transosseous reattachment of the supraspinatus tendon was performed in 48 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 16 per group). Rodents were randomly assigned to 3 study groups: no ESWT/control group, intraoperative ESWT (IntraESWT), and intra- and postoperative ESWT (IntraPostESWT). Shoulder joint function, as determined by gait analysis, was assessed repeatedly during the observation period. Eight weeks after tendon reconstruction, the rats were euthanized, and biomechanical and gene expression analyses were performed. Results: Macroscopically, all repairs were intact at the time of euthanasia, with no ruptures detectable. Biomechanical analyses showed significantly improved load-to-failure testing results in both ESWT groups in comparison with the control group (control, 0.629; IntraESWT, 1.102; IntraPostESWT, 0.924; IntraESWT vs control, P≤ .001; IntraPostESWT vs control, P≤ .05). Furthermore, functional gait analyses showed a significant enhancement in intensity measurements for the IntraPostESWT group in comparison with the control group ( P≤ .05). Gene expression analysis revealed no significant differences among the 3 groups. Conclusion: Clearly improved biomechanical results were shown in the single-application and repetitive ESWT groups. Furthermore, functional evaluation showed significantly improved intensity measurements for the repetitive ESWT group. Clinical Relevance: This study underpins a new additional treatment possibility to prevent healing failure. Improved biomechanical stability and functionality may enable faster remobilization as well as an accelerated return to work and sports activities. Furthermore, as shockwave therapy is a noninvasive, easy-to-perform, cost-effective treatment tool with no undesired side effects, this study is of high clinical relevance in orthopaedic surgery. Based on these study results, a clinical study has already been initiated to clinically confirm the improved functionality by ESWT.
The Impact of Socioeconomic Status on Place of Death Among Patients Receiving Home Palliative Care in Toronto, Canada: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Wales Joshua , Kalia Sumeet , Moineddin Rahim , Husain Amna 
Published: June 2019

Background: Socioeconomic disparities in home death have been noted in the literature. Home-based palliative care increases access to home death and has been suggested as a means to decrease these disparities. Aim: Our study examines the association between socioeconomic status and other demographic factors on place of death in a population receiving home palliative care in Toronto, Canada. Design: This is a retrospective chart review of patients who died between August 2013 and August 2015 when admitted to a home-based palliative care service. Multivariate multinomial regression examined the relationship between the place of death (home, palliative care unit [PCU], or acute care) with age, gender, primary diagnosis, and income quintile. Bivariate logistic regression was fitted to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and probability of preference for home death. Setting/Participants: Patients receiving home-based palliative care services from the Latner Centre for Palliative Care in Toronto, Canada. Results: A total of 2066 patients were included in multivariate analysis. Patients in the lowest income quintile had increased odds of dying in acute care (OR = 2.41, P < .001) or dying in PCU (OR = 1.64, P = .008) than patients in highest income quintile. Patients in the next lowest income quintiles 2 and 3 were also more likely to die in acute care. The rate of preference for home death was significantly lower in the lowest income quintile (OR = 0.47, P = .0047). Conclusions: Patients in lower income quintiles are less likely to die at home, despite receiving home-based palliative care, although they may also be less likely to prefer home death.
Breastfeeding Support Interventions by International Board Certified Lactation Consultants: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Chetwynd Ellen M. , Wasser Heather M. , Poole Charles 
Published: June 2019

Background: International Board Certified Lactation Consultants (IBCLC) are healthcare professionals who are highly trained in lactation science; however, little is known about the efficacy of IBCLC-specific support on breastfeeding outcomes. Research aims: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to describe interventions containing direct support by IBCLCs during the postpartum period and to analyze the association between study characteristics and the prevalence breastfeeding outcomes. Methods: Electronic databases were searched for studies published between January 2001 and December 2018. Meta-analysis and meta-regression were performed on studies containing breastfeeding prevalence data at 3 or 6 months postpartum. Results: Seventeen interventions met all inclusion and exclusion criteria and eight research teams reported the prevalence of any or exclusive breastfeeding at 3 and/or 6 months. For any breastfeeding at 6 months, the pooled difference was 0.08 [0.04, 0.12] meaning we’d expect to observe 1 additional case of any breastfeeding at 6 months postpartum for every 12 women who received an IBCLC intervention, 95% CI [8, 25] rather than control conditions. Results differed depending on which outcome variable was used to measure breastfeeding and the timing of that measurement. Conclusions: Breastfeeding interventions that include IBCLC support in the postpartum period have potential for improving breastfeeding outcomes; however, when designing interventions, the timing and method of data collection for measures of breastfeeding are instrumental to study sensitivity and need to be based on the aims of the intervention itself.
Effectiveness of the IBCLC: Have we Made an Impact on the Care of Breastfeeding Families Over the Past Decade?
Authors: Haase Barbara , Brennan Emily , Wagner Carol L. 
Published: June 2019

Background: International Board Certified Lactation Consultants (IBCLCs) have been in existence for over 3 decades, are currently represented in 110 countries, and have the only internationally recognized certification to provide safe and evidenced-based care for breastfeeding women and their infants. Research aim: To review the literature about the efficacy of IBCLCs on breastfeeding outcomes as well as studies that have examined the effectiveness of the IBCLC’s role. Methods: The design was a scoping review of the literature and critical analysis using PRISMA guidelines of existing studies published from 2008–2019. Qualitative and quantitative studies were reviewed. Results: Twelve ( N =12) studies met inclusion criteria. Seven themes emerged in the analysis including studies of the role of IBCLCs in resident physician education; IBCLC’s role in breastfeeding interventions and the management of breastfeeding problems; the impact of IBCLCs in inpatient and outpatient settings; and the impact of geographic access to IBCLCs on breastfeeding rates. Certification of and ongoing professional development of IBCLCs are also discussed. Conclusion: In this scoping review of existing literature assessing the effectiveness of IBCLCs in promoting and supporting breastfeeding, it is clear that IBCLCs play a positive role in supporting breastfeeding throughout the world. However, there are certain limitations that must be addressed. Recommendations for future research and clinical practice are discussed in the context of present limitations to breastfeeding expertise and support.
Apoptosis-promoting and migration-suppressing effect of alantolactone on gastric cancer cell lines BGC-823 and SGC-7901 via regulating p38MAPK and NF-κB pathways
Authors: He Y , Cao X , Kong Y , Wang S , Xia Y , Bi R , Liu J 
Published: June 2019

Background: Gastric cancer is a malignant tumor with high incidence rate and mortality rate. Purpose: In this study, we investigated the anti-cancer effect of alantolactone, a sesquiterpene lactone, on gastric cancer cell lines BGC-823 and SGC-7901. Methods: BGC-823 and SGC-7901 cells were treated with different concentrations of alantolactone, Hoechst 33258 staining, flow cytometry, wound healing assay, invasion assay, colony forming assay, quantative polymerase chain reaction, and western blot analysis were used to evaluate the anticancer activity of alantolactone to gastric cancer. Results: Alantolactone induced apoptosis of gastric cancer cells by regulating the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, and p53, which related to intrinsic apoptotic pathway, and suppressed colony formation, migration, and invasion by mediating the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-7, and MMP-9. Cell signaling pathway analysis showed that alantolactone enhanced the phosphorylation of p38 and decreased the translocation of nucleus p65, suggesting that the apoptosis-promoting and migration-suppressing effect of alantolactone might at least partially rely on regulating p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) pathway and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway. Conclusions: Alantolactone can be used as a potential therapeutic agent for treating gastric cancer.
Systemic activation of the complement system in patients with advanced age-related macular degeneration
Authors: Lynch Anne M , Mandava Naresh , Patnaik Jennifer L , Frazer-Abel Ashley A , Wagner Brandie D , Palestine Alan G , Mathias Marc T , Siringo Frank S , Cathcart Jennifer N , Holers V Michael 
Published: June 2019

Purpose: To examine the role of systemic activation of the complement system (assessed by levels of circulating C3a, Ba, and sC5b-9) in patients (n = 122) with advanced age-related macular degeneration, geographic atrophy, and neovascular age-related macular degeneration, compared with cataract controls (n = 27). Methods: Plasma complement factors were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Statistical analysis included univariate and multivariate logistic regression (p < 0.05). Results: Adjusted for age, the odds ratios of C3a and sC5b-9 for any advanced age-related macular degeneration were 1.78 (95% confidence interval = 1.16–2.73, p < 0.01) and 1.20 (95% confidence interval = 1.04–1.39, p = 0.01), respectively. We found a significantly elevated adjusted odds ratio of C3a (adjusted odds ratio = 1.71, 95% confidence interval = 1.12–2.60, p = 0.01) and sC5b-9 (adjusted odds ratio = 1.22, 95% confidence interval = 1.04–1.43, p = 0.01) for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Adjusted for age, neither C3a, sC5b-9, nor Ba were associated with geographic atrophy. Conclusion: We suggest a role for elevated plasma levels of C3a and sC5b-9 in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration. The study’s results reinforce the need for more investigation to assess the impact of therapeutic interventions targeted at the complement signaling pathways in age-related macular degeneration.
Dynamic variation of the axillary veins due to intrathoracic pressure changes: A prospective sonographic study
Authors: Tufegdzic Boris , Khozenko Andrey , Lee St John Terrence , Spencer Timothy R , Lamperti Massimo 
Published: June 2019

Introduction: The ultrasound-guided axillary vein is becoming a compulsory alternative vessel for central venous catheterization and the anatomical position offers several potential advantages over blind, subclavian vein techniques. Objective: To determine the degree of dynamic variation of the axillary vein size measured by ultrasound prior to the induction of general anesthesia and after starting controlled mechanical ventilation. Design: Prospective, observational study. Methods: One hundred ten patients undergoing elective surgery were enrolled and classified according to sex, age, and body mass index. Two-dimensional cross-sectional vein diameter, area, and mean flow velocity were performed using ultrasound on both the left and right axillary veins of each subject before and after induction of anesthesia. Results: There was statistically significant evidence showing that the axillary vein area increases when patients are mechanically ventilated. When considering venous flow velocity as a primary outcome, velocity decreased after patients moved from spontaneous to mechanical ventilation (coefficient = −0.267), but this relationship failed to achieve statistical significance ( t = –1.355, p = 0.179). Conclusions: Anatomical variations in depth and diameter as well as the collapsibility due to intrathoracic pressures changes represent common challenges that face clinicians during central venous catheterization of the axillary vein. A noteworthy increase in vessel size as patients transition from spontaneous to mechanical ventilation may theoretically improve first-pass cannulation success with practitioners skilled in both ultrasound and procedure. As a result, placing a centrally inserted central catheter after the induction of anesthesia may be beneficial.
Nutcracker Syndrome Accompanying With Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Al-Zoubi Nabil A 
Published: June 2019

Purpose: The duodenum and the left renal vein (LRV) occupy the vascular angle made by the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and the aorta. When the angle becomes too acute, compression of either structure can occur. Although superior mesenteric artery syndrome (SMAS) and renal Nutcracker syndrome (NCS) share the same pathogenesis, concurrent development has rarely been reported. Case report: A 38-year-old female patient with a past history of gastrojejunostomy operated 6 years ago due to SMAS. She referred to vascular clinic with sever intermittent left-sided loin pain during the last 6 years. Computed tomography (CT)-angiogram and selective LRV angiogram with pressure gradient confirmed the diagnosis of NCS. She was treated by LRV transposition with uneventful recovery and considerable relief of symptoms. Conclusions: NCS accompanying with SMAS is quite unusual. A patient, who first presents with clinical evidence of SMAS, could also simultaneously or sometime thereafter present with NCS and vice versa.
A Pretreatment CT Model Predicts Survival Following Chemolipiodolization in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Yijun , Qu Shuping , Yi Wanwan , Zhai Jian , Zhang Xiaobing , Wei Lixin , Lau Wan Yee , Wu Mengchao , Shen Feng , Fan Hengwei , Wu Dong 
Published: June 2019

Purpose: To establish a computed tomography–based prognostic model for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with transarterial chemoembolization. Materials and Methods: Using prospectively collected data from 195 consecutive patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent chemolipiodolization at the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital between 2013 and 2016, we established a prognostic model based on hepatocellular carcinoma enhancement patterns on computed tomography scans to predict the outcome of transarterial chemoembolization. Furthermore, a histopathology analysis was performed on 108 different patients undergoing resection between 2014 and 2016 to identify whether there was a correlation between enhancement pattern and microvessel density. Results: The prognostic model classified hepatocellular carcinoma into 3 types: type I, which reached peak enhancement during the arterial phase and had a high mean microvessel density (101.5 vessels/0.74 mm2); type II, which reached peak enhancement during the portal venous or delayed phase and had an intermediate microvessel density (53.6 vessels/0.74 mm2); and type III, in which the tumor was insignificantly enhanced and had a low microvessel density (21.1 vessels/0.74 mm2). For type I, II, and III hepatocellular carcinoma, the post-transarterial chemoembolization 1-year tumor complete necrosis rates were 13.7%, 36.5%, and 0%, respectively ( P < .001), and the 3-year overall survival rates were 14.1%, 38.6%, and 0%, respectively ( P < .001). Conclusion: Our results indicate that hepatocellular carcinoma type is an independent predictor of complete necrosis and overall survival
Best Practice in Diagnosis and Treatment for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Research and Guidelines
Authors: Hazell P. , Talay-Ongan A. , Hutchins P. , Foreman P. , Keatinge D. , Dunne A. , Bannerman N. , Sly K. 
Published: June 2019

In 1999, Australian Early Intervention Network (AusEinet) identified a need to develop published guidelines for early intervention for young children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and commissioned a panel for the task. The multidisciplinary panel was chaired by Professor Philip Hazell and comprised members 1 who represented child psychiatry, developmental paediatrics, early childhood development, early childhood special education, early childhood nursing, child and youth mental health, and consumers (parents/carers). This report summarises the guidelines developed by this panel, which are expected to serve to inform professionals, including early childhood practitioners, about current evidence for the safety and efficacy of early intervention in ADHD. Early intervention was defined as interventions targeting infants, toddlers, preschool, and kindergarten aged children who were diagnosed as having, or were at risk of developing, ADHD.
Indigenous Early Childhood Educators’ Narratives: Some Methodological Considerations
Authors: Ford Margot , Fasoli Lyn 
Published: June 2019

This article will discuss some methodological issues in a cross-cultural, participative research project, using a narrative approach. Our research focus was to engage Aboriginal early childhood educators in conversations about what they considered to be important practices for working effectively with young Aboriginal children with a view to broadcasting the results to wider Indigenous and non-Indigenous audiences. Our research design included elements intended to disrupt the power disparity characteristic of past inter-cultural research, without claiming political or cultural neutrality. It outlines structures we put in place throughout the research process for promoting Aboriginal control over the knowledge generated by the research. Although as non-Indigenous researchers we set out to position ourselves on the periphery of the research process, we were embedded in the process at every level. This paper describes that process.
Revisiting the Challenge of Staff Recruitment and Retention in Children's Services
Authors: Sumsion Jennifer 
Published: June 2019

This article revisits the challenge of addressing the staffing crisis in children's services. It argues for the need to respond proactively to the implications of women's expanding life and career expectations and options, and to the consequently diminishing ‘pool’ of prospective candidates from which early childhood education has recruited traditionally. More specifically, the article advocates repositioning the profession by constructing alternatives to the dominant images of gendered and apolitical caring it so frequently projects a thus broadening its appeal to a greater diversity of prospective candidates, including those with a strong interest in social activism. Ways in which the early childhood teacher education sector might contribute to this proposed repositioning are outlined.‘I get frustrated because so many people have such interesting lives and do such interesting things. I don't want to be stuck looking after somebody else's children all day long’. Final year early childhood teacher education student.
Revisiting Adult Work in Early Childhood Settings: Shifting the Frame
Authors: Fleet Alma 
Published: June 2019

Work in early childhood settings is changing. There are pressures exerted by external forces related to shifts in the socio-political context, but there are also shifts related to reconceptualising the work itself Starting with a reference to the influence of ‘fractured time’, this article revisits the fundamental importance of the concept of the child held by staff as they conceptualise their work. Possibilities include images of the ‘natural’ or romanticised child as well as the objectified and scientifically observed child.A proposal is put forward for staff to ‘shift the frame of perspectives on the nature of ‘early childhood work’. This possibility centralises the importance of authentic interactions, in contexts that both nurture and challenge children and adults. It then explores the potential for conceptualising these interactions as taking place in welcoming spaces, where staff are insightful about possibilities for promoting engagement in experiences that offer multiple opportunities including cognitive and creative depth. It offers opportunities for conversations about these important and potentially empowering ideas.
The Performance of Long Day Care Centres in Rural and Remote Areas
Authors: Bergin-Seers Sue , Breen John 
Published: June 2019

In the past decade growing numbers of privately operated child care centres have been established as a result of encouragement by government. Although extensive study about centre management and leadership issues has been undertaken there exists a gap in research about the performance of centres from a viability perspective.Therefore, this paper extends knowledge and understanding about successful centre operation and considers the obstacles that hinder performance. A theoretical business performance framework is utilised to discuss the findings from a research project conducted Australia-wide. The study serves to clarify relevant issues in an effort to inform centre managers and policy- makers about what is needed to support the development of viable child care services.
The Service Needs of Families Caring for Preschool-Aged Children with Disruptive Behaviours
Authors: Tarren-Sweeney Michael , Hazell Philip , Vimpani Graham , Keatinge Diana , Callan Ken 
Published: June 2019

This study was funded by the Hunter Area Health Service and the NSW Department of Education. This paper examines the perceived service needs of families of Hunter region preschool aged children with disruptive behaviour problems, attending centre-based child care services. Families were recruited via clinics and child care services, using defined eligibility criteria. Respondents ranked their service needs in clinical, early education, and community-based categories, as well as strategies for cost reduction. Respondents also provided service utilisation, family stress, and socio-demographic details. The highest clinical service priorities entailed expansion of mainstream community treatment services. In the early education sector, highest priority was given to extending the behaviour management skills of existing child care staff, ahead of the need to recruit specialist staff. Priority was given to support groups and an information and referral service, ahead of respite services. Exceptional levels of family stress and burden of care were detected for this group. The findings provide a consumer's perspective on the provision of services for preschool-aged children with disruptive behaviour.