bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IGNORING CHILDREN'S BEDTIME CRYING: THE POWER OF WESTERN‐ORIENTED BELIEFS
Authors: Maute Monique , Perren Sonja 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTIgnoring children's bedtime crying (ICBC) is an issue that polarizes parents as well as pediatricians. While most studies have focused on the effectiveness of sleep interventions, no study has yet questioned which parents use ICBC. Parents often find children's sleep difficulties to be very challenging, but factors such as the influence of Western approaches to infant care, stress, and sensitivity have not been analyzed in terms of ICBC. A sample of 586 parents completed a questionnaire to investigate the relationships between parental factors and the method of ICBC. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Latent variables were used to measure parental stress (Parental Stress Scale; J.O. Berry & W.H. Jones, 1995), sensitivity (Situation‐Reaction‐Questionnaire; Y. Hänggi, K. Schweinberger, N. Gugger, & M. Perrez, 2010), Western‐oriented parental beliefs (Rigidity), and children's temperament (Parenting Stress Index; H. Tröster & R.R. Abidin). ICBC was used by 32.6% (n = 191) of parents in this study. Parents’ Western‐oriented beliefs predicted ICBC. Attitudes such as feeding a child on a time schedule and not carrying it out to prevent dependence were associated with letting the child cry to fall asleep. Low‐sensitivity parents as well as parents of children with a difficult temperament used ICBC more frequently. Path analysis shows that parental stress did not predict ICBC. The results suggest that ICBC has become part of Western childrearing tradition.
Blood tolerogenic monocytes and low proportions of dendritic cell subpopulations are hallmarks of human tuberculosis
Authors: Dirix Violette , Corbière Véronique , Wyndham-Thomas Chloé , Selis Elodie , Allard Sabine , Hites Maya , Aerts Laetitia , Giese Thomas , Mascart Françoise 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe immune mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of tuberculosis (TB) need better understanding to improve TB management, as the disease still causes more than 1.5 million deaths annually. This study tested the hypothesis that a modulation of the proportions or activation status of APC during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection may impact on the course of the disease.ProcedureProportions of circulating APC subsets and the expression of stimulatory (CD86), inhibitory (ILT-3, ILT-4, ILT-7), or apoptosis-inducing (PDL-1, PDL-2) molecules were analyzed in 2 independent cohorts, on blood monocytes and dendritic cell (DC) subsets from patients with active or latent TB infection (aTB /LTBI) and from uninfected subjects.ResultsHigher proportions of classical CD14+CD16− and intermediate CD14+CD16+ monocytes, and lower proportions of plasmacytoid DC (pDC) and type 2 myeloid DC were observed in the blood from untreated patients with aTB compared with those with LTBI and with healthy subjects, with an early normalization of the proportions of pDC during treatment. In addition, monocytes from M. tuberculosis-infected subjects expressed higher levels of ILT-3, ILT-4, and PDL-1 compared with healthy controls, these differences being more important for patients with aTB than for those with LTBI.ConclusionsThese results confirm the hypothesis of a modulation of the proportions and activation status of APC during M. tuberculosis infection and suggest that these cells could play a role in driving the course of M. tuberculosis infection.
Effect of hydroclimatological teleconnections on the watershed‐scale drought predictability in the southeastern United States
Authors: Sehgal Vinit , Sridhar Venkataramana 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTLarge‐scale atmospheric circulation patterns have a strong influence on hydrologic variability in the southeastern United States (SEUS). These climatic indices are often linked with anomalous climatic conditions and thus can be useful to forecast either water surplus or deficit conditions over the region. This study provides an assessment of the watershed‐scale influence of hydroclimatological teleconnections in the context of drought predictability. The interrelationship between several climate indices is assessed with the monthly percentiles of soil water storage (SW), precipitation (PCP), surface run‐off (SURQ), and potential evapotranspiration (PET) for 50 watersheds in the South Atlantic Gulf region of the SEUS. The hydrologic variables are simulated by implementing SWAT models for each watershed at a HUC‐12 resolution for a period of January 1982 through December 2013. The study highlights the strong correlation between the climate indices and watershed‐scale hydrologic variables and provides important insights on the effect of seasonality and the dynamics of water balance components on the predictability of drought at watershed‐scale. Among all hydrologic variables evaluated, soil moisture shows a stronger relationship with the climate indices compared to PCP, SW, and SURQ. The interrelationship between watershed hydrology and climate indices is found to be stronger during fall (September–November) and winter seasons (December–February) with high correlation of SW and PCP with the climate indices, especially in the Carolinas, Georgia, and parts of Florida. Simulated SW corresponds strongly with the Palmer drought severity index (PDSI) in terms of its response to climate indices, indicating that SW can be an effective predictor of drought in the region.
What root traits determine grass resistance to phosphorus deficiency in production grassland?
Authors: Ros Mart B. H. , De Deyn Gerlinde B. , Koopmans Gerwin F. , Oenema Oene , van Groenigen Jan Willem 
Published: February 2018

AbstractGrasslands are a major form of agricultural land use worldwide. Current and future declines of phosphorus (P) inputs into production grasslands necessitate a shift towards selecting grass species based on high efficiency under suboptimal, rather than optimal P conditions. It is therefore imperative to identify key root traits that determine P acquisition of grasses in soils with a low P status. In a 9‐month greenhouse experiment, we grew eight common grass species and cultivars on a soil with a low P status and related root morphological traits to their performance under P‐limiting conditions. We applied (P1) or withheld (P0) P fertilization while providing adequate amounts of all other nutrients. Omitting P fertilization greatly reduced yield and nutrient acquisition for the various grass species. Biomass production differed significantly (P < 0.1%) among species and P fertilization treatments, varying from 17.1 to 72.1 g pot−1 in the P0 treatment and from 33.4 to 85.8 g pot−1 in the P1 treatment. Root traits were species‐specific and unresponsive to P fertilization, but overall we observed a trade‐off between root biomass and specific root length. Structural equation modeling identified total root length as key factor with respect to resistance to P deficiency, especially when roots explored the subsoil. Optimizing root length and subsoil exploration could be the key to maintaining high productivity of production grasslands with decreasing P availability. This is relevant for both plant breeding programs and for composing seed mixtures.
Adapted MS/MSALL Shotgun Lipidomics Approach for Analysis of Cardiolipin Molecular Species
Authors: Gao Fei , McDaniel Justice , Chen Emily Y. , Rockwell Hannah E. , Nguyen Cindy , Lynes Matthew D. , Tseng Yu‐Hua , Sarangarajan Rangaprasad , Narain Niven R. , Kiebish Michael A. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractCardiolipin (Ptd2Gro) is a complex, doubly charged phospholipid located in the inner mitochondrial membrane where it plays an essential role in regulating bioenergetics. Abnormalities in Ptd2Gro content or composition have been associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in a variety of disease states. Here, we report the development of an adapted high‐resolution data‐independent acquisition (DIA) MS/MSALL shotgun lipidomic method to enhance the accuracy and reproducibility of Ptd2Gro molecular species quantitation from biological samples. Utilizing the doubly charged molecular ions and the isotopic pattern with negative mode electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS) using an adapted MS/MSALL approach, we profiled more than 150 individual Ptd2Gro species, including monolysocardiolipin (MLPtd2Gro). The method described in this study demonstrated high reproducibility, sensitivity, and throughput with a wide dynamic range. This high‐resolution MS/MSALL shotgun lipidomics approach could be extended to screening aberrations of Ptd2Gro metabolism involved in mitochondrial dysfunction in various pathological conditions and diseases.
Short‐Chain Fatty Acids Enhance the Lipid Accumulation of 3T3‐L1 Cells by Modulating the Expression of Enzymes of Fatty Acid Metabolism
Authors: Yu Haining , Li Ran , Huang Haiyong , Yao Ru , Shen Shengrong 
Published: February 2018

AbstractShort‐chain fatty acids (SCFA) such as acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid are produced by fermentation by gut microbiota. In this paper, we investigate the effects of SCFA on 3T3‐L1 cells and the underlying molecular mechanisms. The cells were treated with acetic acid, propionic acid, or butyric acid when cells were induced to differentiate into adipocytes. MTT assay was employed to detect the viability of 3T3‐L1 cells. Oil Red O staining was used to visualize the lipid content in 3T3‐L1 cells. A triglyceride assay kit was used to detect the triacylglycerol content in 3T3‐L1 cells. qRT‐PCR and Western blot were used to evaluate the expression of metabolic enzymes. MTT results showed that safe concentrations of acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid were less than 6.4, 3.2, and 0.8 mM, respectively. Oil Red O staining and triacylglycerols detection results showed that treatment with acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid accelerated the 3T3‐L1 adipocyte differentiation. qRT‐PCR and Western blot results showed that the expressions of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), adipocyte fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4), fatty acid transporter protein 4 (FATP4), and fatty acid synthase (FAS) were significantly increased by acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid treatment during adipose differentiation (p < 0.05). In conclusion, SCFA promoted lipid accumulation by modulating the expression of enzymes of fatty acid metabolism.
Methylphenidate Can Improve Chorea in NKX2.1 and ADCY5 Mutation‐positive Patients—A Report of Two Children
Authors: Tübing J. , Bohnenpoll J. , Spiegler J. , Gillessen‐Kaesbach G. , Bäumer T. , Max C. , Sperner J. , Klein C. , Münchau A. 
Published: February 2018

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Functional Speech and Voice Disorders: Case Series and Literature Review
Authors: Chung David S. , Wettroth Chelsea , Hallett Mark , Maurer Carine W. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundFunctional disorders of speech and voice, subtypes of functional movement disorders, represent abnormalities in speech and voice that are thought to have an underlying psychological cause. These disorders exhibit several positive and negative features that distinguish them from organic disorders.Methods and ResultsWe describe the clinical manifestations of functional disorders of speech and voice, and illustrate these features using six clinical cases.ConclusionsFunctional disorders of speech and voice may manifest in a variety of ways, including dysphonia, stuttering, or prosodic abnormalities. Given that these disorders have been understudied and may resemble organic disorders, diagnosis may be challenging. Appropriate treatment may be quite effective, highlighting the importance of prompt and accurate diagnosis.
Are the MDS‐UPDRS–Based Composite Scores Clinically Applicable?
Authors: Makkos Attila , Kovács Márton , Aschermann Zsuzsanna , Harmat Márk , Janszky József , Karádi Kázmér , Kovács Norbert 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackground: The International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society–sponsored UPDRS (MDS‐UPDRS) is a powerful clinical outcome measure.Objectives: To evaluate the feasibility of various MDS‐UPDRS‐based composite scores and determine their minimal clinically important difference threshold values.Methods: Overall, 1,113 paired investigations of 452 patients were reviewed implementing three different techniques simultaneously.Results: Based on the ordinal regression modeling, the MDS‐UPDRS II+III, MDS‐UPDRS I+II+III, and the total score of MDS‐UPDRS are clinically applicable outcome measures. Any improvement greater than 4.9 points or any worsening more than 4.2 points on MDS‐UPDRS II+III represent a minimal, yet clinically meaningful, change. In reference to MDS‐UPDRS I+II+III, the smallest changes considered clinically relevant were 6.7 and 5.2 points for improvement and deterioration, respectively. The thresholds for the total score of MDS‐UPDRS were 7.1 points for improvement and 6.3 points for worsening.Conclusions: Our findings support the application of various MDS‐UPDRS–based composite scores. © 2018 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Evolution of diagnostic criteria and assessments for Parkinson's disease mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Goldman Jennifer G. , Holden Samantha K. , Litvan Irene , McKeith Ian , Stebbins Glenn T. , Taylor John‐Paul 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTMild cognitive impairment has gained recognition as a construct and a potential prodromal stage to dementia in both Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease (PD). Although mild cognitive impairment has been recognized in the Alzheimer's disease field, it is a relatively more recent topic of interest in PD. Recent advances include the development of diagnostic criteria for PD mild cognitive impairment to provide more uniform definitions for clinical and research use. Studies reveal that mild cognitive impairment in PD is frequent, but also heterogeneous, with variable clinical presentations, differences in its progression to dementia, and likely differences in underlying pathophysiology. Application of the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society PD Mild Cognitive Impairment Task Force diagnostic criteria has provided insights regarding cognitive measures, functional assessments, and other key topics that may require additional refinement. Furthermore, it is important to consider definitions of PD mild cognitive impairment in the landscape of other related Lewy body disorders, such as dementia with Lewy bodies, and in the context of prodromal and early‐stage PD. This article examines the evolution of mild cognitive impairment in concept and definition, particularly in PD, but also in related disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies; the development and application of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society PD Mild Cognitive Impairment diagnostic criteria; and insights and future directions for the field of PD mild cognitive impairment. © 2018 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Evaluation of salivary heme oxygenase‐1 as a potential biomarker of early Parkinson's disease
Authors: Song Wei , Kothari Vimal , Velly Ana M. , Cressatti Marisa , Liberman Adrienne , Gornitsky Mervyn , Schipper Hyman M. 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTBackground and HypothesisTo date, there are no chemical analytes, including biochemical indices of oxidative stress, metabolites of α‐synuclein protein, and differential protein expression patterns on proteomic profiling, for use in clinics as a diagnostic biomarker of idiopathic PD.ObjectivesHeme oxygenase‐1 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of PD. The objective of this study is to ascertain whether salivary heme oxygenase‐1 may serve as a biomarker for early idiopathic PD.MethodsFifty‐eight PD patients and 59 non‐neurological disease controls were recruited. Levels of heme oxygenase‐1 expression were assayed using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and western blot analysis of whole, unstimulated saliva. Analyses were adjusted by sex, l‐dopa exposure, and relevant comorbidities.ResultsWe documented: (1) the presence of 32‐kDa heme oxygenase‐1 protein in human saliva; (2) significantly higher mean heme oxygenase‐1 protein concentrations in saliva of PD patients relative to control values; (3) no variability in salivary heme oxygenase‐1 levels with sex, age, l‐dopa equivalence, or comorbidities; and (4) significantly higher mean salivary heme oxygenase‐1 concentrations in patients with H & Y stage 1 PD (early) than control subjects and stage 2 and stage 3 PD patients. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve that separated controls from PD H & Y stage 1 was 76% (95% confidence interval: 63‐90).ConclusionsSalivary heme oxygenase‐1 concentrations may provide a useful, noninvasive, and relatively inexpensive biomarker of early idiopathic PD. © 2018 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Demonstration of a novel Xp22.2 microdeletion as the cause of familial extreme skewing of X‐inactivation utilizing case‐parent trio SNP microarray analysis
Authors: Mason Jane A. , Aung Hnin T. , Nandini Adayapalam , Woods Rickie G. , Fairbairn David J. , Rowell John A. , Young David , Susman Rachel D. , Brown Simon A. , Hyland Valentine J. , Robertson Jeremy D. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundWe report a kindred referred for molecular investigation of severe hemophilia A in a young female in which extremely skewed X‐inactivation was observed in both the proband and her clinically normal mother.MethodsBidirectional Sanger sequencing of all F8 gene coding regions and exon/intron boundaries was undertaken. Methylation‐sensitive restriction enzymes were utilized to investigate skewed X‐inactivation using both a classical human androgen receptor (HUMARA) assay, and a novel method targeting differential methylation patterns in multiple informative X‐chromosome SNPs. Illumina Whole‐Genome Infinium microarray analysis was performed in the case‐parent trio (proband and both parents), and the proband's maternal grandmother.ResultsThe proband was a cytogenetically normal female with severe hemophilia A resulting from a heterozygous F8 pathogenic variant inherited from her similarly affected father. No F8 mutation was identified in the proband's mother, however, both the proband and her mother both demonstrated completely skewed X‐chromosome inactivation (100%) in association with a previously unreported 2.3 Mb deletion at Xp22.2. At least three disease‐associated genes (FANCB, AP1S2, and PIGA) were contained within the deleted region.ConclusionsWe hypothesize that true “extreme” skewing of X‐inactivation (≥95%) is a rare occurrence, but when defined correctly there is a high probability of finding an X‐chromosome disease‐causing variant or larger deletion resulting in X‐inactivation through a survival disadvantage or cell lethal mechanism. We postulate that the 2.3 Mb Xp22.2 deletion identified in our kindred arose de novo in the proband's mother (on the grandfather's homolog), and produced extreme skewing of X‐inactivation via a “cell lethal” mechanism. We introduce a novel multitarget approach for X‐inactivation analysis using multiple informative differentially methylated SNPs, as an alternative to the classical single locus (HUMARA) method. We propose that for females with unexplained severe phenotypic expression of an X‐linked recessive disorder trio‐SNP microarray should be undertaken in combination with X‐inactivation analysis.
Synthesis of Aryl Triflones through the Trifluoromethanesulfonylation of Benzynes
Authors: Sumii Yuji , Sugita Yutaka , Tokunaga Etsuko , Shibata Norio 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe direct synthesis of aryl triflones, that is, trifluoromethanesulfonyl arenes, was achieved through the trifluoromethanesulfonylation of benzynes. The trifluoromethanesulfonyl group, one of the fluorinated functional groups, is a highly electron‐negative and mild lipophilic substituent. Aryl triflones have high potential in the synthesis of bioactive compounds and specialty materials. The treatment of 2‐(trimethylsilyl)aryl trifluoromethanesulfonates with cesium fluoride in the presence of 15‐crown‐5 generated benzynes, which reacted with sodium trifluoromethanesulfinate followed by protonation with tBuOH under heating conditions, provided aryl triflones in moderated to good yields. Both symmetrical and unsymmetrical triflones were nicely accessed under the same reaction conditions. Interestingly, the trifluoromethanesulfonylation of unsymmetrical benzyne precursors proceeded smoothly to furnish corresponding aryl triflones in good yields with good to high regioselectivities. The balance of polarization of electric charge as well as steric hindrance of the benzyne intermediates are central factors to control the outcome of regioselectivity.
Identification of GB1, a gene whose constitutive overexpression increases glycinebetaine content in maize and soybean
Authors: Castiglioni Paolo , Bell Erin , Lund Adrian , Rosenberg Alexander F. , Galligan Meghan , Hinchey Brendan S. , Bauer Stanislaus , Nelson Donald E. , Bensen Robert J. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractEfforts to increase glycinebetaine (GB) levels in plants have been pursued as an approach to improving plant performance under stress conditions. To date, the impact of engineered levels of GB has been limited by metabolic constraints that restrict the achieved increases. We report the identification of a novel gene, GB1, that is differentially expressed in high and low GB accumulating maize genotypes. The predicted GB1 protein shows 60% identity to a putative C‐4 sterol methyl oxidase from rice. Overexpression of GB1 in maize and soybean led to dramatically higher leaf GB content in most of the transgenic lines compared to wild‐type. These results suggest that the GB1 protein is an important component of the biochemical pathways controlling GB accumulation in plants.
Red algal Rubisco fails to accumulate in transplastomic tobacco expressing Griffithsia monilis RbcL and RbcS genes
Authors: Lin Myat T. , Hanson Maureen R. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIn C3 plants, the carbon fixation step catalyzed by ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) represents a major rate‐limiting step due to the competing oxygenation reaction, which leads to the energy‐intensive photorespiration and lowers the overall photosynthetic efficiency. Hence, there is great biotechnological interest in replacing the Rubisco in C3 crops with a more efficient enzyme. The Rubisco enzymes from red algae are among the most attractive choices due to their remarkable preference for carboxylation over oxygenation reaction. However, the biogenesis of Rubisco is extremely complex. The Rubisco enzymes in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria are made up of eight large and eight small subunits. The folding of the large subunits and the assembly of the large subunits with the small subunits to form a functional holoenzyme require specific chaperonin complexes and assembly factors. As a result, previous success in expressing foreign Rubisco in plants has been limited to Rubisco large subunits from closely related plant species and simpler bacterial enzymes. In our previous work, we successfully replaced the Rubisco in tobacco with a cyanobacterial enzyme, which was able to support the phototrophic growth of the transgenic plants. In this work, we used the same approach to express the Rubisco subunits from the red alga Griffithsia monilis in tobacco chloroplasts in the absence of the tobacco Rubisco large subunit. Although the red algal Rubisco genes are being transcribed in tobacco chloroplasts, the transgenic plants lack functional Rubisco and can only grow in a medium containing sucrose. Our results suggest that co‐expression of compatible chaperones will be necessary for successful assembly of red algal Rubisco in plants.