bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sexual Quality of Life and Association With HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infections Among a Cohort of Heterosexual Couples in Kenya
Authors: Mehta Supriya D. , Nordgren Rachel K. , Agingu Walter , Otieno Fredrick , Odongo Winnie , Odhiambo Finch , Bailey Robert C. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Introduction
Sexual quality of life (SQoL) is a critical component of sexual health and is understudied in Sub-Saharan African settings with endemic HIV and sexually transmitted infection (STI).

Aim
We sought to assess SQoL among heterosexual couples in Kisumu, Kenya, and how this was associated with HIV status, STIs, and sexual practices.

Methods
This was a prospective cohort study of community-recruited couples. SQoL, HIV status, herpes simplex virus (HSV)-2 status, bacterial vaginosis (BV), sexual practices, and sociodemographics were measured at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. Multivariable linear regression with random intercept was fitted separately for females and males, accounting for partner characteristics.

Main Outcome Measure
SQoL was assessed with an 18-item female and 11-item male survey.

Results
From April 2014 through July 2016, 252 couples were enrolled, and followed up through September 2017. At baseline, women were median age 23 years, 10% HIV positive, 53% HSV-2 seropositive, and 22% with BV. At baseline men were median age 26 years, 12% HIV positive, 47% HSV-2 seropositive, and 56% circumcised. Mean SQoL was higher for men (88) than women (78), with consistent scores over time. In multivariable analysis (P &lt; .05 each), SQoL Questionnaire—Female (SQoL-F) score was reduced with: male partner report that sex felt rougher than he would have liked (9.5-point decrease), female HSV-2 seropositivity (5.15-point decrease), female reported having dry vaginal sex (5.27-point decrease); among women with BV, SQoL-F score declined with recent sexual activity (8.27-point decrease) and increasing age (0.75-point decrease per 1 year increase in age). Age and recent sex did not affect SQoL-F for women without BV. SQoL Questionnaire—Male score was decreased 4.99 points if male was employed, 4.52 points if male reported multiple recent sex partners, and 29.5 points for HIV positive men whose female partner reported having sex when not in the mood. Men’s SQoL increased by 0.84 points for each 1-U increase in female partner body mass index and 17.6 points for HIV positive men whose female partner reported recent sex with him.

Clinical Implications
Within sexual partnerships, men had greater SQoL than women, and the adverse impact of BV and STIs on SQoL was greater for women than men.

Strength & Limitations
Research is needed to ensure relevant domains are measured in settings where measure of SQoL has not been validated, along with robust measures of physiologic and psychologic correlates.

Conclusion
More attention to SQoL as an outcome may strengthen interventions aimed at preventing HIV and STIs and improving sexual health holistically.
Meta-analysis across Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) consortium provides evidence for an association of serum vitamin D with pulmonary function
Authors: Xu Jiayi , Bartz Traci M. , Chittoor Geetha , Eiriksdottir Gudny , Manichaikul Ani W. , Sun Fangui , Terzikhan Natalie , Zhou Xia , Booth Sarah L. , Brusselle Guy G. , de Boer Ian H. , Fornage Myriam , Frazier-Wood Alexis C. , Graff Mariaelisa , Gudnason Vilmundur , Harris Tamara B. , Hofman Albert , Hou Ruixue , Houston Denise K. , Jacobs David R. , Kritchevsky Stephen B. , Latourelle Jeanne , Lemaitre Rozenn N. , Lutsey Pamela L. , O’Connor George , Oelsner Elizabeth C. , Pankow James S. , Psaty Bruce M. , Rohde Rebecca R. , Rich Stephen S. , Rotter Jerome I. , Smith Lewis J. , Stricker Bruno H. , Voruganti V. Saroja , Wang Thomas J. , Zillikens M. Carola , Barr R. Graham , Dupuis Josée , Gharib Sina A. , Lahousse Lies , London Stephanie J. , North Kari E. , Smith Albert V. , Steffen Lyn M. , Hancock Dana B. , Cassano Patricia A. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe role that vitamin D plays in pulmonary function remains uncertain. Epidemiological studies reported mixed findings for serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D)–pulmonary function association. We conducted the largest cross-sectional meta-analysis of the 25(OH)D–pulmonary function association to date, based on nine European ancestry (EA) cohorts (n 22 838) and five African ancestry (AA) cohorts (n 4290) in the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology Consortium. Data were analysed using linear models by cohort and ancestry. Effect modification by smoking status (current/former/never) was tested. Results were combined using fixed-effects meta-analysis. Mean serum 25(OH)D was 68 (sd 29) nmol/l for EA and 49 (sd 21) nmol/l for AA. For each 1 nmol/l higher 25(OH)D, forced expiratory volume in the 1st second (FEV1) was higher by 1·1 ml in EA (95 % CI 0·9, 1·3; P<0·0001) and 1·8 ml (95 % CI 1·1, 2·5; P<0·0001) in AA (Prace difference=0·06), and forced vital capacity (FVC) was higher by 1·3 ml in EA (95 % CI 1·0, 1·6; P<0·0001) and 1·5 ml (95 % CI 0·8, 2·3; P=0·0001) in AA (Prace difference=0·56). Among EA, the 25(OH)D–FVC association was stronger in smokers: per 1 nmol/l higher 25(OH)D, FVC was higher by 1·7 ml (95 % CI 1·1, 2·3) for current smokers and 1·7 ml (95 % CI 1·2, 2·1) for former smokers, compared with 0·8 ml (95 % CI 0·4, 1·2) for never smokers. In summary, the 25(OH)D associations with FEV1 and FVC were positive in both ancestries. In EA, a stronger association was observed for smokers compared with never smokers, which supports the importance of vitamin D in vulnerable populations.
DIFFERENTIAL GRADED ENDOMORPHISM ALGEBRAS, COHOMOLOGY RINGS AND DERIVED EQUIVALENCES
Authors: PAN SHENGYONG , PENG ZHEN , ZHANG JIE 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn this paper, we will consider derived equivalences for differential graded endomorphism algebras by Keller's approaches. First, we construct derived equivalences of differential graded algebras which are endomorphism algebras of the objects from a triangle in the homotopy category of differential graded algebras. We also obtain derived equivalences of differential graded endomorphism algebras from a standard derived equivalence of finite dimensional algebras. Moreover, under some conditions, the cohomology rings of these differential graded endomorphism algebras are also derived equivalent. Then we give an affirmative answer to a problem of Dugas (A construction of derived equivalent pairs of symmetric algebras, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 143 (2015), 2281–2300) in some special case.
Invasive slug Meghimatium pictum (Stoliczka, 1873) infected by Angiostrongylus costaricensis Morera & Céspedes, 1971, and the possible risk of human infection associated with grape consumption
Authors: Rodriguez R. , Sandri A.S.S. , Porto S.M. , Osório J.B. , Muller C.A. , Cognato B.B. , Casagrande M.F. , Graeff-Teixeira C. , Gomes S.R. , Morassutti A.L. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractMany molluscs may be infected with angiostrongylid larvae. Following the histopathological diagnosis of abdominal angiostrongyliasis in a grape farmer from southern Brazil, molluscs in the area were investigated. During a nocturnal search, 245 specimens of slugs were collected and identified as the invasive Chinese slug Meghimatium pictum. Angiostrongylus costaricensis worms were recovered from mice that were experimentally infected with larvae obtained from 11 (4.5%) of the molluscs. This study presents the first report of M. pictum being identified as an intermediate host for A. costaricensis. Most of the slugs were collected from grape plants, which suggests that transmission may be associated with grape consumption.
Revolutionary songs in a gentrifying city: stylistic change and the economics of salvage in southern Mexico
Authors: Green Andrew 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis article explores the case of a musician performing pro-Zapatista revolutionary songs in a restaurant in a city in southern Mexico which has undergone rapid gentrification since the turn of the century. It highlights the particular set of constraints on, and possibilities for, musical creativity that emerged in an urban setting in which space was increasingly ordered around the accumulation of rents. Exploring relationships between commercial strategy and musical detail, it examines tensions arising around the performance of a revolutionary body of song in such a setting. To conclude, and drawing on the recent work of Anna Tsing, it introduces the notion of musical ‘salvage’ to make sense of the relationship between protest and commerce. Recognizing the incompleteness of revolutionary songs’ translation into the rapidly gentrifying context of San Cristóbal, it is argued here, may help to underline performer agency and creativity.
An acoustic study of lexical stress contrastivity in children with and without autism spectrum disorders
Authors: ARCIULI Joanne , BAILEY Benjamin 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn this exploratory study, we examined stress contrastivity within real word productions elicited via picture naming in 20 children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and 20 typical peers group-wise matched on age and vocabulary. Targets had a dominant pattern of lexical stress beginning with a strong–weak pattern (SW: ‘caterpillar’, ‘butterfly’) or a non-dominant pattern of lexical stress beginning with a weak–strong pattern (WS: ‘tomato’, ‘potato’). Children produced each target twice (n = 320 productions). Acoustic measures were made for the duration, fundamental frequency, and intensity of the first two vowels for each word production. For vowel duration and fundamental frequency, children with ASD and typical peers produced a similar magnitude of stress contrastivity for SW and WS words. However, there was a significant group difference in the way contrastivity in intensity was realised for WS words whereby children with ASD produced less stress contrastivity than typical peers. Bayesian analyses were in line with our interpretation of our frequentist analyses.
The importance of accounting for testing and positivity in surveillance by time and place: an illustration from HIV surveillance in Japan
Authors: Kato H. , Kanou K. , Arima Y. , Ando F. , Matsuoka S. , Yoshimura K. , Matano T. , Matsui T. , Sunagawa T. , Oishi K. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe number of tests performed is an important surveillance indicator. We illustrate this point using HIV surveillance data, focusing on Tokyo and Okinawa, two prefectures with high HIV notification rates in Japan. Restricting to data reported from local public health centres and affiliate centres where testing data are accessible, we assessed HIV surveillance data during 2007–2014, based on the annual HIV notification rate (per 100 000 population), HIV testing rate (per 100 000 population) and proportion testing HIV-positive (positivity). Nationally, testing activity and positivity showed an inverse relationship; in 2008, the testing rate peaked, but positivity was lowest. While notification rates were higher for Tokyo (median = 0.98, range = 0.89–1.33) than Okinawa (median = 0.61, range = 0.42–1.09), Okinawa had slightly higher testing rates (median = 187, range = 158–274) relative to Tokyo (median = 172, range = 163–210). Positivity was substantially lower in Okinawa (median = 0.34%, range = 0.24–0.45%) compared with Tokyo (median = 0.57%, range = 0.46–0.67%). Relative to the national testing rate (median = 85, range = 80–115) and positivity (median = 0.34%, range = 0.28–0.36%), Tokyo had higher positivity, despite more testing. In 2014 in Okinawa, all three indicators increased, providing a strong reason to be concerned as positivity increased despite more testing. Together with other information, accounting for testing and positivity improve interpretation of surveillance data to guide public health assessments.
Recommendations from the Association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology for clinical training in paediatric heart failure and transplantation
Authors: Reinhardt Zdenka , Hansmann Georg , O’Sullivan John , Murtuza Bari , Köstenberger Martin , Schranz Dietmar , Bonnet Damien , Burch Michael 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAdvanced medical and surgical treatment of heart failure and management of patients following heart transplantation is an emerging area. Treatment options at various levels are becoming available in an increasing number of countries. This rapidly evolving field involves a complex multi-disciplinary approach with a number of complementary medical and surgical strategies, including pharmacotherapy, structural cardiac interventions, electrophysiological optimisation, mechanical circulatory support, and heart transplantation. Furthermore, the importance of psycho-social support and care of patients and their families cannot be overstated. The aforementioned challenges and dynamics of new developments require guidance for core and advanced medical training in heart failure and transplantation. The Association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology working group “pulmonary hypertension, heart failure and transplantation” has produced this document as an expert consensus statement; however, all recommendations must be considered and applied in the context of the local and national infrastructure and legal regulations.
A modified Fresnel-based algorithm for 3D microwave imaging of metal objects
Authors: Zamiri Farshad , Nabavi Abdolreza 
Published: September 2018

AbstractMicrowave holography technique reconstructs a target image using recorded amplitudes and phases of the signals reflected from the target with Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)-based algorithms. The reconstruction algorithms have two or more steps of two- and three-dimensional Fourier transforms, which have a high computational load. In this paper, by neglecting the impact of target depth on image reconstruction, an efficient Fresnel-based algorithm is proposed, involving only one-step FFT for both single- and multi-frequency microwave imaging. Numerous tests have been performed to show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm including planar and non-planar targets, using the raw data gathered by means of a scanner operating in X-band. Finally, a low-cost and high-speed hardware architecture based on fixed-point arithmetic is introduced which reconstructs the planar targets. This pipeline architecture was tested on field programmable gate arrays operating at 200 MHz clock frequency, which illustrates more than 30 times improvement in computation time compared with a computer.
Climatic Responses to Future Trans‐Arctic Shipping
Authors: Stephenson Scott R. , Wang Wenshan , Zender Charles S. , Wang Hailong , Davis Steven J. , Rasch Philip J. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAs global temperatures increase, sea ice loss will increasingly enable commercial shipping traffic to cross the Arctic Ocean, where the ships' gas and particulate emissions may have strong regional effects. Here we investigate impacts of shipping emissions on Arctic climate using a fully coupled Earth system model (CESM 1.2.2) and a suite of newly developed projections of 21st‐century trans‐Arctic shipping emissions. We find that trans‐Arctic shipping will reduce Arctic warming by nearly 1 °C by 2099, due to sulfate‐driven liquid water cloud formation. Cloud fraction and liquid water path exhibit significant positive trends, cooling the lower atmosphere and surface. Positive feedbacks from sea ice growth‐induced albedo increases and decreased downwelling longwave radiation due to reduced water vapor content amplify the cooling relative to the shipping‐free Arctic. Our findings thus point to the complexity in Arctic climate responses to increased shipping traffic, justifying further study and policy considerations as trade routes open.
A high throughput screen for next-generation leads targeting malaria parasite transmission
Authors: Delves Michael J. , Miguel-Blanco Celia , Matthews Holly , Molina Irene , Ruecker Andrea , Yahiya Sabrina , Straschil Ursula , Abraham Matthew , León María Luisa , Fischer Oliver J. , Rueda-Zubiaurre Ainoa , Brandt Jochen R. , Cortés Álvaro , Barnard Anna , Fuchter Matthew J. , Calderón Félix , Winzeler Elizabeth A. , Sinden Robert E. , Herreros Esperanza , Gamo Francisco J. , Baum Jake 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSpread of parasite resistance to artemisinin threatens current frontline antimalarial therapies, highlighting the need for new drugs with alternative modes of action. Since only 0.2–1% of asexual parasites differentiate into sexual, transmission-competent forms, targeting this natural bottleneck provides a tangible route to interrupt disease transmission and mitigate resistance selection. Here we present a high-throughput screen of gametogenesis against a ~70,000 compound diversity library, identifying seventeen drug-like molecules that target transmission. Hit molecules possess varied activity profiles including male-specific, dual acting male–female and dual-asexual-sexual, with one promising N-((4-hydroxychroman-4-yl)methyl)-sulphonamide scaffold found to have sub-micromolar activity in vitro and in vivo efficacy. Development of leads with modes of action focussed on the sexual stages of malaria parasite development provide a previously unexplored base from which future therapeutics can be developed, capable of preventing parasite transmission through the population.
Control of coordinatively unsaturated Zr sites in ZrO2 for efficient C–H bond activation
Authors: Zhang Yaoyuan , Zhao Yun , Otroshchenko Tatiana , Lund Henrik , Pohl Marga-Martina , Rodemerck Uwe , Linke David , Jiao Haijun , Jiang Guiyuan , Kondratenko Evgenii V. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractDue to the complexity of heterogeneous catalysts, identification of active sites and the ways for their experimental design are not inherently straightforward but important for tailored catalyst preparation. The present study reveals the active sites for efficient C–H bond activation in C1–C4alkanes over ZrO2free of any metals or metal oxides usually catalysing this reaction. Quantum chemical calculations suggest that two Zr cations located at an oxygen vacancy are responsible for the homolytic C–H bond dissociation. This pathway differs from that reported for other metal oxides used for alkane activation, where metal cation and neighbouring lattice oxygen form the active site. The concentration of anion vacancies in ZrO2can be controlled through adjusting the crystallite size. Accordingly designed ZrO2shows industrially relevant activity and durability in non-oxidative propane dehydrogenation and performs superior to state-of-the-art catalysts possessing Pt, CrOx, GaOxor VOxspecies.
In-situ cross-linking strategy for efficient and operationally stable methylammoniun lead iodide solar cells
Authors: Li Xiaodong , Zhang Wenxiao , Wang Ying-Chiao , Zhang Wenjun , Wang Hai-Qiao , Fang Junfeng 
Published: September 2018

AbstractLong-term operational stability is the foremost issue delaying the commercialization of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here we demonstrate an in-situ cross-linking strategy for operationally stable inverted MAPbI3 PSCs through the incorporation of a cross-linkable organic small molecule additive trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMTA) into perovskite films. TMTA can chemically anchor to grain boundaries and then in-situ cross-link to a robust continuous network polymer after thermal treatment, thus enhancing the thermal, water-resisting and light-resisting properties of organic/perovskite films. As a result, the cross-linked PSCs exhibit 590-fold improvement in operational stability, retaining nearly 80% of their initial efficiency after continuous power output for 400 h at maximum power point under full-sun AM 1.5 G illumination of Xenon lamp without any UV-filter. In addition, under moisture or thermal (85 °C) conditions, cross-linked TMTA-based PSCs also show excellent stability with over 90% of their initial or post burn-in efficiency after aging for over 1000 h.
Water printing of ferroelectric polarization
Authors: Tian Yu , Wei Lanying , Zhang Qinghua , Huang Houbing , Zhang Yuelin , Zhou Hua , Ma Fengjie , Gu Lin , Meng Sheng , Chen Long-Qing , Nan Ce-Wen , Zhang Jinxing 
Published: September 2018

AbstractFerroelectrics, which generate a switchable electric field across the solid–liquid interface, may provide a platform to control chemical reactions (physical properties) using physical fields (chemical stimuli). However, it is challenging to in-situ control such polarization-induced interfacial chemical structure and electric field. Here, we report that construction of chemical bonds at the surface of ferroelectric BiFeO3 in aqueous solution leads to a reversible bulk polarization switching. Combining piezoresponse (electrostatic) force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy, first-principles calculations and phase-field simulations, we discover that the reversible polarization switching is ascribed to the sufficient formation of polarization-selective chemical bonds at its surface, which decreases the interfacial chemical energy. Therefore, the bulk electrostatic energy can be effectively tuned by H+/OH− concentration. This water-induced ferroelectric switching allows us to construct large-scale type-printing of polarization using green energy and opens up new opportunities for sensing, high-efficient catalysis, and data storage.
Toward high-fidelity coherent electron spin transport in a GaAs double quantum dot
Authors: Zhao Xinyu , Hu Xuedong 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate how to achieve high-fidelity electron spin transport in a GaAs double quantum dot. Our study examines fidelity loss in spin transport from multiple perspectives. We first study incoherent fidelity loss due to hyperfine and spin-orbit interaction. We calculate fidelity loss due to the random Overhauser field from hyperfine interaction, and spin relaxation rate due to spin-orbit interaction in a wide range of experimental parameters with a focus on the occurrence of spin hot spots. A safe parameter regime is identified in order to avoid these spin hot spots. We then analyze systematic errors due to non-adiabatic transitions in the Landau-Zener process of sweeping the interdot detuning, and propose a scheme to take advantage of possible Landau-Zener-Stückelberg interference to achieve high-fidelity spin transport at a higher speed. At last, we study another systematic error caused by the correction to the electron g-factor from the double dot potential, which can lead to a notable phase error. In all, our results should provide a useful guidance for future experiments on coherent electron spin transport.