bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on prediction method of controlled re-entry landing area of large spacecraft
Authors: Zhang Yafeng , Pan Weizhen , Chen Weiyue 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The present paper proposes a calculation method for predicting the dispersion area of debris during the controlled re-entry of a large spacecraft, aiming to determine the controlled re-entry area accurately. This method involves analyzing the overall re-entry trajectory of the spacecraft as a priority, followed by ablation and disintegration analysis, and subsequently simulating the equipment-level trajectories of potential ground-falling components to obtain the final landing area envelope. Simulation results demonstrate that this approach effectively determines the controlled re-entry area, providing essential technical support for formulating implementation plans while ensuring safe and reliable reentries of large spacecraft into predetermined areas. Notably, this method has been successfully applied in previous missions such as Tianzhou-1 to Tianzhou 6 and can be further extended to subsequent controlled reentries involving Tianzhou-series cargo spacecraft and other low-orbit satellites.
Mechanism investigation of stability enhancement by slot on a transonic compressor
Authors: Gao Yu , Gao Peng , Wang Dingran , Li Xiaodong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
As aircraft engine blades develop towards high loads and low aspect ratios, the flow conditions in the tip region of transonic compressor rotors become more complex. The interaction between shock waves and boundary layers tends to induce fluid separation, thereby reducing the stable operating range of the rotor. To enhance the stability margin of the rotor, this study employs numerical simulation techniques to design jet slots on the rotor 37. Research results show that, without compromising the performance of the rotor, the slotted rotor can effectively enhance the stability margin of the rotor at both design and off-design speeds, with increases of 60.9% and 47.9% in surge margins compared to the prototype.
Non-singular sliding mode control-based attitude control analysis of ELITE satellite with flywheel failures
Authors: Yang Shu , Zhang Xiaohua , Han Wenxu , Seng Lim Wee 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper addresses the challenge of maintaining the attitude control of the ELITE satellite in the event of flywheel failures. Given the critical need for highly stable and precise attitude control during Time-Delay Integration (TDI) Imaging missions, a failure in any flywheels poses a significant threat to the satellite’s attitude control stability and accuracy. To tackle this issue, a Non-singular Sliding Mode Control (NSMC) method was proposed to ensure ELITE’s continued performance under flywheel failure conditions. The research involves a thorough analysis of ELITE’s attitude dynamics, followed by designing an NSMC tailored to its specifications. Theoretical validation of the NSMC’s finite-time stability was achieved using the Lyapunov function. Numerical simulations conducted demonstrate that the proposed NSMC method enables ELITE to maintain its attitude control stability and precision even in the presence of flywheel failures, thereby ensuring mission continuity and reliability.
The research of thermal environment test methodology for the Mars probe product
Authors: Zhou Yuan , Ye Tianyuan , Gao Haiyang , Hu Qi , Yan Qi , Xu Yajuan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In order to ensure the success of the Mars exploration mission, it is necessary to accurately simulate the unique environment on the surface of Mars in a ground test and verify the effectiveness of the thermal control measures of the Mars rover. This paper proposes a thermal balance test method that can simultaneously simulate environmental factors such as Martian surface gas atmosphere, wind speed, pressure, solar radiation, and atmospheric temperature. This proposed test method meets the thermal design verification requirements of component-level products. Compared with similar large-scale facilities, the test cost is low, and the implementation efficiency is high. Furthermore, the influence of the Martian wind field on the surface temperature distribution of the product under both the Martian day and night environment was investigated using the proposed test method. The research results show that although the atmospheric pressure on the surface of Mars is much lower than the surface of the Earth, the Martian wind will still form forced convection heat transfer on the surface of the probe and its auxiliary products, which will affect the heat distribution of the products. In the thermal control design of the products, it is necessary to consider the impact of all the above environmental factors and carry out corresponding comprehensive environmental test verification.
Real-time monitoring of aero-engine vibration signals by wireless communication technology
Authors: Xin Mai , Ye Zhifeng , Zhang Tong , Pan Xiong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The conventional way to monitor the vibration signals of aircraft engines is to use wired communication sensors to transmit and collect the signals on a fixed platform on the ground. The signal acquisition equipment of wired communication technology has various drawbacks, resulting in the inability to collect vibration signals when the object under test is in real operating conditions. Based on previous studies, this research team uses a 2.4G wireless transmission scheme to realize short-distance wireless transmission of aero-engine vibration signals, and a 4G cellular communication scheme to realize long-distance wireless transmission of aero-engine vibration signals. The acquired signals are displayed and monitored using the tool developed in LabVIEW2022. The designed tool is successfully applied in the engineering practice of engine maintenance, realizing the remote real-time monitoring of the engine operation status, shortening the monitoring cycle of the equipment from hourly to real-time level, and greatly facilitating the technical support work of engineers and technicians.
Locating method of buried PE pipeline based on vibration signal analysis
Authors: Zhang Hanyu , Xu Zhuo , Zhang Ao 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper proposes a buried PE gas pipeline positioning method based on vibration signal analysis. Firstly, the collected signal is denoised using the Dual-tree complex wavelet transform (DTCWT) method, and then the delay time of the denoised collected signal is extracted through the cross-correlation function to locate the buried PE pipeline. A simulation model is established on this theoretical basis, and sensor asymmetric and symmetric arrangements are simulated in COMSOL to observe the peak values of the collected signal in the time domain, determining the relationship between the time difference of the two signals and the pipeline position. Through simulation, it is known that the pipeline location can be judged by the magnitude of the delay time. The method proposed in this paper addresses the shortcomings of existing pipeline positioning methods and provides a basis for future pipeline positioning.
Study of airborne LiDAR error based on flight simulation in atmospheric disturbance
Authors: Li Yang , Lin Peng , Wu Xuanting 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The airborne LiDAR uses the aircraft as the observation platform, requiring the aircraft to keep a uniform speed and a straight-line cruise state, to obtain more accurate ranging information and a uniform laser foot point distribution cloud picture. Atmospheric turbulence is the main atmospheric disturbance that affects the aircraft movement in the cruise state, which can lead to a serious decrease in radar ranging accuracy and the distortion of cloud point distribution. In this paper, the motion error caused by atmospheric turbulence during flight is studied. The real-time simulation method based on the six degrees of freedom flight mechanics equation is used to establish the motion law of the carrier under atmospheric turbulence. The method’s reliability is verified by comparing it with flight test data. Then, the foot point distribution cloud image and ranging error of airborne LiDAR under different wind field intensities are simulated by real-time simulation of six degrees of freedom. The error law of radar motion affected by atmospheric turbulence is obtained.
Predictive model and optimization of micromixers geometry using Gaussian process with uncertainty quantification and genetic algorithm
Authors: de Oliveira Maionchi Daniela , Coimbra Neil Diogo Silva , da Silva Junior Gonçalves , dos Santos Fabio Pereira 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Microfluidic devices are increasingly valuable for their compact size and ability to handle tiny fluid volumes, making efficient mixing at this scale (micromixing) a critical focus. This research aims to optimize micromixer geometries to improve mixing efficiency while controlling pressure drop, providing a method that balances performance and computational cost. Building on previous work, we introduce a novel optimization framework in microfluidics combining computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and machine learning (ML) techniques, particularly Gaussian process (GP) modeling with Genetic Algorithm (GA) optimization. Inspired by a Y-type micromixer design with cylindrical grooves on the main channel’s surface and internal obstructions, our study examines the impact of circular obstructions on mixing percentage and pressure drop under varying obstruction diameter and offset. Simulations conducted using OpenFOAM software generate data for a reduced-order GP model, which provides model uncertainty. The geometry is then optimized using the GA algorithm on the reduced model. Results indicate that medium-sized obstructions (137 mm diameter, 10 mm offset) near the channel wall achieve optimal mixing and pressure performance, closely aligning with previous studies. The uncertainties, recorded as 3.9% and 21.5% for mixing percentage and pressure drop, respectively, further validate the robustness of our model. This study highlights an effective, uncertainty-quantified optimization process that leverages CFD and ML integration, setting a foundation for efficient microfluidic design strategies.
Radiomic features based automatic classification of CT lung findings for COVID-19 patients
Authors: Tamal Mahbubunnabi , Althobaiti Murad , Alhashim Maryam , Alsanea Maram , Hegazi Tarek M , Deriche Mohamed , Alhashem Abdullah M 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction. The lung CT images of COVID-19 patients can be typically characterized by three different findings– Ground Glass Opacity (GGO), consolidation and pleural effusion. GGOs have been shown to precede consolidations and has different heterogeneous appearance. Conventional severity scoring only uses total area of lung involvement ignoring appearance of the effected regions. This study proposes a baseline to select heterogeneity/radiomic features that can distinguish these three pathological lung findings. Methods. Four approaches were implemented to select features from a pool of 44 features. First one is a manual feature selection method. The rest are automatic feature selection methods based on Genetic Algorithm (GA) coupled with (1) K-Nearest-Neighbor (GA-KNN), (2) binary-decision-tree (GA-BDT) and (3) Artificial-Neural-Network (GA-ANN). For the purpose of validation, an ANN was trained using the selected features and tested on a completely independent data set. Results. Manual selection of nine radiomic features was found to provide the most accurate results with the highest sensitivity, specificity and accuracy (85.7% overall accuracy and 0.90 area under receiver operating characteristic curve) followed by GA-BDT, GA-KNN and GA-ANN (accuracy 78%, 77.5% and 76.8%). Conclusion. Manually selected nine radiomic features can be used in accurate severity scoring allowing the clinician to plan for more effective personalized treatment. They can also be useful for monitoring the progression of COVID-19 and response to therapy for clinical trials.
Stretchable composites with electrical conductivity
Authors: Matsuda Ryosuke , Isano Yuji , Ota Hiroki 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Recently, the development of flexible and stretchable electronics has resulted in extensive studies focused on the investigation of elastic composites with various functions using stretchable materials, such as rubber. Among these materials, conductive composites using stretchable conductive materials can withstand larger deformations than solid metals and simultaneously retain their conductivity. Furthermore, such conductive composite materials can be imparted with various physical properties, such as thermal and magnetic properties (in addition to conductive properties), by changing the properties of the base and filler materials. Owing to these properties, conductive stretchable composites are expected to have various areas of applications, such as sensors, heaters, and magnetic barrier films, beyond electrical wiring on flexible and stretchable substrates with large deformations. This study reviewed flexible materials exhibiting both elasticity and conductivity with a particular focus on the internal filler material and functionality.
Development and optimization of parameters for HVOF sprayed Al2O3 and ZrO2 blended aluminum coating on 316L SS
Authors: Raza Ali , Ahmad Faiz , Othman AR , Badri Thar M , Raza Hassan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A significant number of gas turbines, aircraft engines, bearings, and automotive engines operating under a wide temperature range fail frequently due to fatigue and surface oxidation. Thus, a new coating formulation 40Al-35Al2O3-25ZrO2 was deposited on 316L SS substrate through the high velocity oxygen-fuel (HVOF) thermal spray coating method. The number of passes, spray distance and oxygen flow rate were varied by using Taguchi L9 array to achieve an optimized coating with higher hardness, less porosity, and roughness. The coating phase analysis, microstructure, elemental composition, microhardness and nano hardness were examined by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Vickers microhardness and nano indentation testing. The sample 5 prepared at spray distance of 20 cm and oxygen/acetylene ratio of 2 exhibited optimal hardness (1972 HV1), tensile strength (6.463 GPa), porosity (0.75%) and roughness (6.2 μm) due to α-Al2O3 and t-ZrO2 phases. Oxygen flowrate was the influential parameter contributing 48.71% to microhardness and 42.41% to roughness, while spray distance with contribution 51.62% was influential parameter for porosity.
From STEM-EDXS data to phase separation and quantification using physics-guided NMF
Authors: Teurtrie Adrien , Perraudin Nathanaël , Holvoet Thomas , Chen Hui , Alexander Duncan T L , Obozinski Guillaume , Hébert Cécile 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We present the development of a new algorithm which combines state-of-the-art energy-dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectroscopy theory and a suitable machine learning formulation for the hyperspectral unmixing of scanning transmission electron microscope EDX spectrum images. The algorithm is based on non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) incorporating a physics-guided factorization model. It optimizes a Poisson likelihood, under additional simplex constraint together with user-chosen sparsity-inducing and smoothing regularizations, and is based on iterative multiplicative updates. The fluorescence of x-rays is fully modeled thanks to state-of-the-art theoretical work. It is shown that the output of the algorithm can be used for a direct chemical quantification. With this approach, it is straightforward to include a priori knowledge on the specimen such as the presence or absence of certain chemical elements in some of its phases. This work is implemented within two open-source Python packages, espm and emtables, which are used here for data simulation, data analysis and quantification. Using simulated data, we demonstrate that incorporating physical modeling in the decomposition helps retrieve meaningful components from spatially and spectrally mixed phases, even when the data are very noisy. For synthetic data with a higher signal, the regularizations yield a tenfold increase in the quality of the reconstructed abundance maps compared to standard NMF. Our approach is further validated on experimental data with a known ground truth, where state-of-the art results are achieved by using prior knowledge about the sample. Our model can be generalized to any other scanning spectroscopy techniques where underlying physical modeling can be linearized.
Noise classification in three-level quantum networks by Machine Learning
Authors: Mukherjee Shreyasi , Penna Dario , Cirinnà Fabio , Paternostro Mauro , Paladino Elisabetta , Falci Giuseppe , Giannelli Luigi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We investigate a machine learning based classification of noise acting on a small quantum network with the aim of detecting spatial or multilevel correlations, and the interplay with Markovianity. We control a three-level system by inducing coherent population transfer exploiting different pulse amplitude combinations as inputs to train a feedforward neural network. We show that supervised learning can classify different types of classical dephasing noise affecting the system. Three non-Markovian (quasi-static correlated, anti-correlated and uncorrelated) and Markovian noises are classified with more than 99% accuracy. On the contrary, correlations of Markovian noise cannot be discriminated with our method. Our approach is robust to statistical measurement errors and retains its effectiveness for physical measurements where only a limited number of samples is available making it very experimental-friendly. Our result paves the way for classifying spatial correlations of noise in quantum architectures.
“Until the Last Ton of Fossil Fuel Is Burned Up”
Authors: Scaff Lawrence A 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Max Weber is not usually considered an ecological theorist, and he is rarely read for his environmental awareness or ecological insights. Yet his thinking about the central problem of capitalism—especially modern “rational” capitalism and its fateful consequences for humanity—contains some intriguing suggestions for such an ecological reading. Departing from the young Weber’s musings about the “Götterdämmerung of capitalism” brought about by technological stagnation, this paper explores the possible dimensions and ramifications of a Weberian perspective on capitalism’s prospects, proposing an answer to the question: Has modern capitalism shown itself to be obsolete and incapable of avoiding ecological disaster, or can it adapt to environmental challenges through technological innovation, or by other means?
Patriarchal Patrimonialism
Authors: Reed Isaac Ariail , Adams Julia 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This essay offers a reading of Weber’s political sociology that engages with current research on gender and nation, kinship and elite family networks, and gendered performances of state power. In pursuing this interpretation, the essay draws on two strands of critical reflection on Weber’s historical sociology. The first is the emphasis on agency relations, which examines fraught relationships of delegation and domination as a way to conceptualize politics. The second is attention to the cultural element of Weber’s account of social action, exemplified by his category of Wertrationalität, his analysis of charisma, his famous comment on world images as switchmen, and especially his “Intermediate Reflections” from his sociology of religion.
Safety Optimization of Injections in Specific Areas of the Scalp: A Cadaveric and 3D-CT Analysis of Arterial Distribution
Authors: Hu Jing , Yuan Guo-Hao , Li Fang-Wei , Luo Cheng-En , Liao Zhi-Feng , Dong Chen , Zhang Si-Yi , Zhou Su-Qin , Wang Hai-Bin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
An injection method called cranial ceiling elevation is performed in Asian countries to reduce facial proportions. Scalp injections carry risks such as arterial embolism or compression, leading to adverse events including scalp necrosis and hair loss.

Objective
No arterial studies or injection recommendations exist for the injection of specific scalp regions. We aimed to examine blood vessel types and distributions to identify relatively safe areas for scalp injections.

Methods
Computed tomography scans were performed to evaluate the blood vessels in the scalp of 50 cadaver heads, and anatomical studies were performed. Each scalp was divided into 2 segments (L1 and L2) and 6 areas (S1/S1′−S3/S3′). The total number of arteries and the probability of each named artery occurring in each section were recorded.

Results
The total number of arteries in L1 was higher than that in L2 (L1, 78.76 ± 31.07; L2, 75.28 ± 28.68). The most frequently distributed artery in both L1 and L2 was the parietal branch of the superficial temporal artery. No significant difference was observed between the total number of arteries and the number of each named artery in the S1/S1′–S3/S3′ segments. Except for S2′ and S3′, the number of named arteries in L1 was higher than that in L2.

Conclusions
Large-volume scalp injections are not recommended. For injections within 30° above the ear, it is advisable to inject at L2. For other regions, it is also recommended to inject at L2. The periosteal layer should be selected for injection. The L2 region is preferable for right-sided injections, and the L1 region is recommended for left-sided injections.
Measuring Outcomes Relevant to the Décolletage From the Patient Perspective: Development and Validation of the BODY-Q Décolletage Scale
Authors: Klassen Anne F , Rae Charlene , Pusic Andrea L , Kaur Manraj 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
A range of cosmetic treatments to improve skin quality of the décolletage are available. To measure outcomes from the patient perspective, a rigorously developed patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) is needed.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to develop and validate the BODY-Q Décolletage scale.

Methods
Appearance-related codes from BODY-Q concept elicitation interviews were re-examined and 13 items drafted and refined through qualitative interviews with patients and clinicians. The scale was tested in an online international sample of women aged ≥25 years who had previously received a treatment for the décolletage, or in the past 12 months had received a cosmetic treatment at a plastic surgery or dermatology clinic. Data were analysed with both Rasch measurement theory and classical test theory. Construct validity involved testing 20 hypotheses. Convergent validity tests included correlations between the décolletage scale and other BODY-Q scales and the SKIN-Q.

Results
Interviews conducted with 15 patients and 5 clinicians led to a 16-item scale with items that covered scenarios (mirror, photographs, low neckline, lay on side, breasts together, arms crossed, get up, up close), comparisons (with other people), age concerns (youthful, age), qualitative concerns (attractive, healthy), skin tone (even-colored), and texture (smooth, texture). The field test included 334 participants. An item with poor fit to the Rasch model was dropped. Data for the remaining 15 items fit the Rasch model (χ2 = 76.72, df = 60, P = .07). All items had ordered thresholds and good item fit. All reliability statistics were &gt;0.93. A total of 19 of 20 predefined hypotheses (95%) were met, providing evidence of construct validity.

Conclusions
The BODY-Q Décolletage scale is available to incorporate the perspective of patients into clinical care and clinical trials of minimally invasive treatments to improve skin quality.