bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On containment and syncretism in English preterites and participles
Authors: Adamson Luke 
Published: March 2019

This study explores Bobaljik’s (2012) suggestion that in English, the feature representation of the preterite contains the representation of the past participle. While containment analyses in both Distributed Morphology (DM) and Nanosyntax capture the virtual absence of ABA patterns of syncretism for the order BASE-PARTICIPLE-PRETERITE, I demonstrate that they face empirical challenges when the exponence of the suffixes is considered. After evaluating an alternative feature decomposition, I show how a DM containment approach can derive the facts for both base and suffix alternations with the aid of impoverishment, which also helps to explain counterexamples to *ABA in this domain. Lastly, I offer cautionary discussion about the relationship between containment structures and deriving *ABA.
Effect of Rifabutin on the Pharmacokinetics of Oral Cabotegravir in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Ford Susan L , Lou Yu , Lewis Nicole , Kostapanos Michalis , D'Amico Ronald , Spreen William , Patel Parul 
Published: March 2019

Background Cabotegravir (CAB) is an integrase strand transfer inhibitor in development as a long-acting injectable formulation, with an oral formulation used during a safety lead-in period. Tuberculosis (TB)–HIV coinfection is common, often requiring simultaneous treatment. Rifabutin (RBT) is an alternative antimycobacterial agent for TB and a moderate inducer of cytochrome P450 and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase isoenzymes. This study evaluated the impact of RBT on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of oral CAB. Methods In this Phase I, single-centre, open-label, two-period, fixed-sequence, drug interaction study, subjects received oral CAB 30 mg once daily for 14 days in period 1, and oral CAB plus RBT 300 mg once daily for 14 days in period 2. Serial PK sampling was performed on days 14 and 28. Geometric least squares (GLS) mean ratios with associated 90% CIs were calculated to compare CAB non-compartmental PK parameters following CAB+RBT versus CAB alone. Safety was also assessed. Results A total of 15 male subjects were enrolled and 12 completed all treatments. Comparing CAB+RBT with CAB alone, the GLS mean ratios (90% CIs) for CAB area under the concentration–time curve from time zero to the end of the dosing interval (AUC0–τ), maximum observed plasma concentration (Cmax) and concentration at the end of the dosing interval (Cτ) were 0.79 (0.74, 0.83), 0.83 (0.76, 0.90) and 0.74 (0.70, 0.78), respectively. 11 subjects reported 24 adverse events (AEs); 22 were reported with CAB+RBT (3 drug-related) and 2 with CAB alone (not drug-related). All AEs resolved by study end. Conclusions RBT had a modest impact on plasma CAB exposure following oral coadministration, resulting in overall plasma CAB trough exposures above the 10 mg oral dose shown to maintain viral suppression in HIV-1-infected subjects. Oral CAB can be coadministered with RBT without dosage adjustment.
Euclides no vivió en Manhattan: Geometría urbana
Authors: Gómez Urgellés Joan Vicenç 
Published: March 2019

Se presenta una experiéncia de una situación real de geometria urbana. La situación plantea a partir de un conjunto de puntos del plano determinar las regiones de influenciaen de estos puntos. El problema consiste en encontrar los correspondientes diagramas de Voronoi pero con taxi geometria. La experiencia se realiza como proyecto de aula con alumnos de ingenieria informática de la EPSEVG-UPC
The influence of zinc-methionine bioplex supplementation to pregnant and lactating sheep on selected wool parameters
Authors: Wyrostek Anna , Kinal Stefania , Patkowska-Sokoła Bożena , Bodkowski Robert , Cholewińska Paulina , Czyż Katarzyna 
Published: March 2019

Abstract. The most important nutrients affecting wool production
include sulfur amino acids, such as methionine, and minerals, such as zinc, and
their deficiency may cause wool production decrease. The aim of this study
was to evaluate an effect of zinc and methionine chelate addition on the
qualitative characteristics of Merino ewes wool and zinc content in wool
fibers and on their surface. Histological evaluation of fibers was also
performed. The study included 22 Polish Merino ewes divided into two
groups: control and experimental (0.4 g chelates daily per head). The
experiment lasted for 4 months (3.5 months of pregnancy and 2 weeks of early
lactation). The length, thickness and breaking force of wool fibers were
higher in the experimental group compared to the control group. Higher
content of zinc in wool of sheep from the experimental group was also
demonstrated. The histological structure of fibers from both groups did not
differ, as the content of zinc on their surface. It can be concluded on the
basis of the obtained results that the addition of chelates favorably
influenced the thickness compensation of wool fibers and amount of wool
obtained from sheep during pregnancy and early lactation, as well as
mechanical features of wool.
Polygenic adaptation on height is overestimated due to uncorrected stratification in genome-wide association studies
Authors: Sohail Mashaal , Maier Robert M , Ganna Andrea , Bloemendal Alex , Martin Alicia R , Turchin Michael C , Chiang Charleston WK , Hirschhorn Joel , Daly Mark J , Patterson Nick , Neale Benjamin , Mathieson Iain , Reich David , Sunyaev Shamil R 
Published: March 2019

Genetic predictions of height differ among human populations and these differences have been interpreted as evidence of polygenic adaptation. These differences were first detected using SNPs genome-wide significantly associated with height, and shown to grow stronger when large numbers of sub-significant SNPs were included, leading to excitement about the prospect of analyzing large fractions of the genome to detect polygenic adaptation for multiple traits. Previous studies of height have been based on SNP effect size measurements in the GIANT Consortium meta-analysis. Here we repeat the analyses in the UK Biobank, a much more homogeneously designed study. We show that polygenic adaptation signals based on large numbers of SNPs below genome-wide significance are extremely sensitive to biases due to uncorrected population stratification. More generally, our results imply that typical constructions of polygenic scores are sensitive to population stratification and that population-level differences should be interpreted with caution.Editorial note: This article has been through an editorial process in which the authors decide how to respond to the issues raised during peer review. The Reviewing Editor's assessment is that all the issues have been addressed (<xref ref-type="decision-letter" rid="SA1">see decision letter</xref>).
Modeling a Planar Coupled Microstrip Lines using various Wavelets and Method of Moments
Authors: Bayjja M. , Moubadir M. , Alsharahi G. , Aghoutane M. , Amar  Touhami N. 
Published: March 2019

In this paper, we apply a several wavelets basis functions to the method of moments to modeling the parallel-coupled microstrip lines. The ﬁrst set of equations is for the shielded microstrip line solved with moment’s method and wavelets. The Green’s function is obtained from the theory of images. The second set are for the parallel-coupled microstrip lines operating in the TEM mode or when the analysis can be based on quasi-static approximation, the properties of coupled lines can be determined from the self- and mutual inductances and capacitances for the lines. To demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed technique, numerical results of even- and odd-mode characteristic impedances, coupling coefficient, percentage sparsity achieved in the impedance matrix, the CPU Time to reverse impedance matrix, and error relative for Daubechies, Coiflets, Biorthogonal and Symlets wavelets are presented. Numerical results are in good agreement with those in previous publications.
Dose-dependent and strain-dependent anti-obesity effects ofLactobacillus sakeiin a diet induced obese murine model
Authors: Ji Yosep , Chung Young Mee , Park Soyoung , Jeong Dahye , Kim Bongjoon , Holzapfel Wilhelm Heinrich 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundOverweight and abdominal obesity, in addition to medical conditions such as high blood pressure, high blood sugar and triglyceride levels, are typical risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome. Yet, considering the complexity of factors and underlying mechanisms leading to these inflammatory conditions, a deeper understanding of this area is still lacking. Some probiotics have a reputation of a relatively-long history of safe use, and an increasing number of studies are confirming benefits including anti-obesity effects when administered in adequate amounts. Recent reports demonstrate that probiotic functions may widely differ with reference to either intra-species or inter-species related data. Such differences do not necessarily reflect or explain strain-specific functions of a probiotic, and thus require further assessment at the intra-species level. Various anti-obesity clinical trials with probiotics have shown discrepant results and require additional consolidated studies in order to clarify the correct dose of application for reliable and constant efficacy over a long period.MethodsThree different strains ofLactobacillus sakeiwere administered in a high-fat diet induced obese murine model using three different doses, 1 × 1010, 1 × 109and 1 × 108CFUs, respectively, per day. Changes in body and organ weight were monitored, and serum chemistry analysis was performed for monitoring obesity associated biomarkers.ResultsOnly one strain ofL. sakei(CJLS03) induced a dose-dependent anti-obesity effect, while no correlation with either dose or body or adipose tissue weight loss could be detected for the other twoL. sakeistrains (L338 and L446). The body weight reduction primarily correlated with adipose tissue and obesity-associated serum biomarkers such as triglycerides and aspartate transaminase.DiscussionThis study shows intraspecies diversity ofL. sakeiand suggests that anti-obesity effects of probiotics may vary in a strain- and dose-specific manner.
PRODUKTIVITAS TENAGA KERJA SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH PERUBAHAN VOLUME PADA KONTRAK UNTUK PROYEK PEMBANGUNAN APARTEMEN X DAN HOTEL Y DI SURABAYA
Authors: Christy Albert Valentinus 
Published: March 2019

Perubahan kontrak biasanya terjadi pada setiap tahap proyek karena berbagai sebab dari sumber yang berbeda, dan memiliki dampak yang cukup besar dalam banyak hal, yang paling penting adalah mengganggu dan mengurangi produktivitas tenaga kerja proyek. Produktivitas merupakan faktor mendasar yang mempengaruhi performansi kemampuan bersaing dalam industri konstruksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui produktivitas tenaga kerja sebelum dan sesudah ada perubahan volume pada kontrak untuk pelaksanaan pembangunan Apartemen X dan Hotel Y di Surabaya. Data didapatkan dari data lapangan pada proyek yang telah selesai berupa laporan yang selalu dibuat oleh pelaksana proyek kemudian diolah untuk mendapatkan gambaran tentang ukuran dan pola produktivitas tenaga kerja sebelum dan sesudah perubahan volume pada kontrak. Perubahan volume pada kontrak yang terjadi menunjukan perubahan yang signifikan terhadap produktivitas tenaga kerja untuk pekerjaan struktur dan pekerjan arsitektur, yaitu menurunnya produktivitas tenaga kerja. Produktivitas tenaga kerja pada Apartemen X dan Hotel Y terlihat memiliki pola perubahan produktivitas tenaga kerja yang serupa, dimana produktivitas tenaga kerja untuk pekerjaan struktur mengalami penurunan, lalu produktivitas tenaga kerja untuk pekerjaan arsitektur mengalami peningkatan, tetapi tidak signifikan.
A General In Situ Growth Strategy of Designing Theranostic NaLnF4@Cu2−xS Nanoplatform for In Vivo NIR‐II Optical Imaging Beyond 1500 nm and Photothermal Therapy
Authors: Jiang Mingyang , Liu Hongrong , Zeng Songjun , Hao Jianhua 
Published: March 2019

AbstractTheranostic nanoprobes with a combination of highly sensitive optical bioimaging and photothermal therapy (PTT) are considered advanced tools for improving the detection precision and the imaging‐guided hyperthermal therapy efficacy against tumor in the biomedical area. Compared with the traditional visible/first near‐infrared (NIR‐I, 650–900 nm) light‐emitting optical probe, a nanoprobe capable of generating the second near‐infrared (NIR‐II, 1000–1700 nm) emission is emerging as the next‐generation optical imaging technique with high‐sensitivity, and high spatial/time resolution owing to its remarkably reduced photon scattering losses. However, a multifunctional theranostic nanoplatform incorporated with the new advanced NIR‐II optical imaging and PTT has not yet been explored. Herein, a general strategy for designing theranostic nanoplatforms by integrating NIR‐II optical bioimaging with photothermal functions via in situ growth of Cu2−xS quantum dots on the lanthanide nanorods is demonstrated. The as‐prepared NaLnF4:Yb/Er@Cu2−xS hybrid nanoprobes with a core‐satellite structure present excellent NIR‐II emission centered at 1525 nm, highly stable photothermal effects and good biocompatibility. These designed theranostic nanoprobes are utilized for NIR‐II optical imaging, small tumor detection (5 mm in diameter), and PTT. More importantly, non‐invasive brain vessel visualization with high spatial resolution (44.2 µm) through scalp and skull without craniotomy is demonstrated. Therefore, these results pave the way to designing new multifunction theranostic nanoplatforms for highly sensitive NIR‐II optical‐guided tumor detection, non‐invasive blood vessel imaging, and PTT.
A dried blood spot‐based method to measure levels of tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP‐5b), a marker of bone resorption
Authors: Eick Geeta N. , Devlin Maureen J. , Cepon‐Robins Tara J. , Kowal Paul , Sugiyama Lawrence S. , Snodgrass J. Josh 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectivesA number of basic questions about bone biology have not been answered, including population differences in bone turnover. In part, this stems from the lack of validated minimally invasive biomarker techniques to measure bone formation and resorption in field‐based population‐level research. The present study addresses this gap by validating a fingerprick dried blood spot (fDBS) assay for tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP‐5b), a well‐defined biomarker of bone resorption and osteoclast number.MethodsWe adapted a commercially available enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit from MyBiosource for the quantitative determination of TRACP‐5b levels in serum and plasma for use with DBS. We used a rigorous process of assay modification and validation, including the use of a matched set of 189 adult plasma, fDBS, and venous DBS (vDBS) samples; parameters evaluated included precision, reliability, and analyte stability.ResultsPlasma and DBS TRACP‐5b concentrations showed a linear relationship. There were no systematic differences in TRACP‐5b levels in fDBS and vDBS, indicating no significant differences in TRACP‐5b distribution between capillary and venous blood. Parallelism and spike‐and‐recovery results indicated that matrix factors in DBS do not interfere with measurement of TRACP‐5b levels from DBS using the validated kit. Intra‐ and interassay CVs were 5.0% and 12.1%, respectively. DBS samples should preferably be stored frozen but controlled room temperature storage for up to a month may be acceptable.ConclusionsThis DBS‐based ELISA assay adds to the methodological toolkit available to human biologists and will facilitate research on bone turnover in population studies.
Synthesis of Fluoromethyl‐Substituted Cyclopentanones via Radical Fluorination and 1,2‐Alkyl Migration Cascade of Alkenyl Cyclobutanols
Authors: Kim Yubin , Kim Dae Young 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA radical fluorination/1,2‐alkyl migration cascade process of alkenyl cyclobutanols was developed in this study. This approach provides a mild and convenient access to the synthesis of fluoromethyl‐substituted cyclopentanone derivatives from the coupling reaction of alkenyl cyclobutanols with Selectfluor as the fluorine radical source.
Orthogonally Photocontrolled Non‐Autonomous DNA Walker
Authors: Škugor Marko , Valero Julián , Murayama Keiji , Centola Mathias , Asanuma Hiroyuki , Famulok Michael 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThere is considerable interest in developing progressively moving devices on the nanoscale, with the aim of using them as parts of programmable therapeutics, smart materials, and nanofactories. Present here is an entirely light‐induced DNA walker based on orthogonal photocontrol. Implementing two azobenzene derivatives, S‐DM‐Azo and DM‐Azo, enabled precise coordination of strand displacement reactions that powered a biped walker and guided it along a defined track in a non‐autonomous way. This unprecedented type of molecular walker design offers high precision control over the movement in back‐and‐forth directions as desired, and is regulated solely by the sequence of the irradiation wavelengths. This concept may open new avenues for advancing non‐autonomous progressive molecular motors, ultimately facilitating their application at the nanoscale.
Quaternization of Vinyl/Alkynyl Pyridine Enables Ultrafast Cysteine‐Selective Protein Modification and Charge Modulation
Authors: Matos Maria J. , Navo Claudio D. , Hakala Tuuli , Ferhati Xhenti , Guerreiro Ana , Hartmann David , Bernardim Barbara , Saar Kadi L. , Compañón Ismael , Corzana Francisco , Knowles Tuomas P. J. , Jiménez‐Osés Gonzalo , Bernardes Gonçalo J. L. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractQuaternized vinyl‐ and alkynyl‐pyridine reagents were shown to react in an ultrafast and selective manner with several cysteine‐tagged proteins at near‐stoichiometric quantities. We have demonstrated that this method can effectively create a homogenous antibody–drug conjugate that features a precise drug‐to‐antibody ratio of 2, which was stable in human plasma and retained its specificity towards Her2+ cells. Finally, the developed warhead introduces a +1 charge to the overall net charge of the protein, which enabled us to show that the electrophoretic mobility of the protein may be tuned through the simple attachment of a quaternized vinyl pyridinium reagent at the cysteine residues. We anticipate the generalized use of quaternized vinyl‐ and alkynyl‐pyridine reagents not only for bioconjugation, but also as warheads for covalent inhibition and as tools to profile cysteine reactivity.
Metal‐Free Tandem Rearrangement/Lactonization: Access to 3,3‐Disubstituted Benzofuran‐2‐(3H)‐ones
Authors: Santi Micol , Ould Darren M. C. , Wenz Jan , Soltani Yashar , Melen Rebecca L. , Wirth Thomas 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA novel metal‐free synthesis of 3,3‐disubstituted benzofuran‐2‐(3H)‐ones through reacting α‐aryl‐α‐diazoacetates with triarylboranes is presented. Initially, triarylboranes were successfully investigated in α‐arylations of α‐diazoacetates, however in the presence of a heteroatom in the ortho position, the boron enolate intermediate undergoes an intramolecular rearrangement to form a quaternary center. The intermediate cyclizes to afford valuable 3,3‐disubstituted benzofuranones in good yields.
Fatty Acids, the Unsaponifiable Matter, and Polyphenols as Criteria to Distinguish Pistacia atlantica Unripe Fruit Oil
Authors: Bentireche Fatna , Guenane Hamid , Yousfi Mohamed 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the effect of the maturation degree on the chemical composition of Pistacia atlantica fruits oil. A total number of 21 samples of fruits at three stages of maturation (unripe, middle maturity, and ripe fruits) were used in this study. Thus, the fatty acid composition was studied; the percentage of the unsaponifiable matter (w/w) and its anti‐DPPH (2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl) activity were assessed. The total phenolic compound content was also evaluated. The obtained results indicated, for the first time, that unripe fruits oil was characterized by richness in linoleic acid (31.63% ± 3.64%), in unsaponifiable matter (9.29% ± 6.19% w/w), and in phenolic compounds (2.51 mg per 100 g oil). For ripe fruit oil, these values were similar to those of some seed oils (22.41% ± 3.66%, 2.98% ± 1.71% w/w, and 0.13 mg per 100 g oil, respectively). Data analysis by principal component analysis showed that linoleic acid percentage and the unsaponifiable fraction percentage could constitute good markers for these fruits. These two parameters associated with a high level of phenolic compounds seem to distinguish and value the oil of P. atlantica unripe fruits. Thus, the findings revealed that the unripe fruits, rich in bioactive molecules such as unsaturated fatty acids and phenolic compounds, would be the optimal stage of harvesting time. Based on this, we could integrate this natural bioresource in industrial applications.
Composite multilayer films based on polyelectrolytes and in situ‐formed carbon nanostructures with enhanced photoluminescence and conductivity properties
Authors: Ermakov Alexey V. , Prikhozhdenko Ekaterina S. , Demina Polina A. , Gorbachev Ilya A. , Vostrikova Anna M. , Sapelkin Andrei V. , Goryacheva Irina Y. , Sukhorukov Gleb B. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTWe report a facile route for the fabrication of thin composite films based on polyelectrolytes and carbon nanostructures. Composite films were made by layer‐by‐layer assembly of polyelectrolyte multilayers utilizing embedded dextran sulfate (Dex) solution as a carbon source. Raman measurements indicate the formation of carbon nanostructures from the Dex precursor over the whole film. Formation of these nanostructures results in enhanced photoluminescence and an increase in conductivity by two orders of magnitude to about 0.055 S cm−1. The latter corresponds to the level of wide‐gap semiconductors, in contrast to the initial insulating polyelectrolyte film. A distinct peak of photoluminescence of the films is found in the blue region at the wavelength of 450 nm. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47718.
Imaging a medieval shipwreck with the new PingPong 3D marine reflection seismic system
Authors: Wilken Dennis , Wunderlich Tina , Hollmann Hannes , Schwardt Michaela , Rabbel Wolfgang , Mohr Clemens , Schulte‐Kortnack Detlef , Nakoinz Oliver , Enzmann Jonas , Jürgens Fritz , Wilkes Feiko 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe present a new three‐dimensional (3D) marine seismic data acquisition system, named PingPong, developed for archaeological prospection in shallow water. Prospection targets for the system are ancient harbour sites and sedimented remains of shipwrecks. The prospection of such targets often means working at the transition from land to water, in areas of only a few meters of water depth and hardly accessible waters. An acquisition system for such environments needs to meet specific demands, especially low draught and marginal weight besides the requirements of archaeological prospection, meaning decimetre resolution and 3D imaging capabilities, together with fast multichannel acquisition to be able to cover large areas. We explain the properties of the PingPong system and show its imaging capabilities using the case study of a sedimented medieval shipwreck. The study area is located at the innermost part of the Baltic fjord Schlei, Germany. In 2014, divers found a wreck in this area, mostly covered by mud. Findings and two timbers, dated by dendrochronology, indicated that the wreck is a Scandinavian transport ship dating to the middle of the twelfth century and related to Schleswig, which is located 2 km northwest of the study area.We show that the PingPong system is able to image the major remains of the wooden wreck at the seafloor and underneath. The acquired seismic datacube has a resolution of 0.15 m. It shows a number of distinct reflections that can clearly be assigned to the shipwreck, helping to understand the overall condition of the wreck. The reflections originate from one half the ship's hull, which is tilted to the side. The reflections concentrate in the first metre below the seafloor and correlate well with the results from the diving prospection.