bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Internet de las cosas: aplicación en monitoreo de un sistema de generación fotovoltaico
Authors: Flores Cortez Omar Otoniel , Rosa German Antonio 
Published: June 2018

En este artículo se presentan los resultados obtenidos de la investigación denominada “Internet de las cosas: interconexión de un sistema de generación fotovoltaico para su monitoreo desde la nube”, desarrollada durante 2015 en la Utec, y cuyo objetivo es el diseño e implementación de un sistema electrónico de bajo costo que permitiera el monitoreo vía internet del voltaje producido por un panel solar.A continuación se describen tanto los procedimientos realizados como los frutos obtenidos a partir de la investigación. Se realizó una revisión teórica del “estado del arte” en cuanto a los conceptos y herramientas tecnológicas utilizados. La metodología usada fue la experimentación-multimodal (Cegarra, 2004); y al final se presentan los resultados obtenidos: el principal, un prototipo electrónico completamente funcional e implementado en las instalaciones de la Utec. Siendo estos logros de suma satisfacción e importancia, por lo que esta investigación solo es el inicio de una serie de proyectos dentro del área.Entorno, may 2016, issue 61: 40-46
Una evaluación de las oportunidades humanas en El Salvador
Authors: Amaya Pablo 
Published: June 2018

La desigualdad en El Salvador se ha convertido en un componente inherente a la sociedad, en un mal estructural que se acepta y condiciona las oportunidades de los niños, las cuales están fuertemente influenciadas por el territorio donde habitan.En este trabajo se realizaron dos estimaciones del Índice de Oportunidades Humanas (IOH). La primera destinada a evidenciar la inequitativa distribución de las oportunidades en los territorios, a desnudar aquellas regiones con urgencia de intervención y propiciar su reorientación; la segunda, que develó los factores explicativos de las discrepancias del IOH en el espacio, por medio del uso de la descomposición de Shorrocks-Shapley de 1999, evaluando su evolución en el tiempo.A pesar de que se observan avances territoriales importantes en términos del IOH, todavía se conservan algunos patrones regionales significativos. La franja central de El Salvador, identificada por el corredor de las principales ciudades, Santa Ana, San Salvador y la parte norte de La Libertad y San Miguel, evidencian tener mejores oportunidades de desarrollo que el resto del país. Las franjas norte y sur poseen territorios rezagados con niveles de IOH en el límite inferior de la distribución. Entre el norte y el sur de El Salvador, las oportunidades son mayores en el sur (costero) que en el norte (montañoso). Asimismo, se destaca que los municipios más interconectados, menos pobres multidimensionales, con menor ruralidad y en algunos casos con menor vulnerabilidad socioeconómica ante el cambio climático son los que han mantenido o mejorado su estatus de oportunidad.Entorno, october 2016, issue 62: 63-104
Factores psicosociales y comportamiento agresivo al conducir correlacionados con accidentes de tránsito en conductores salvadoreños
Authors: Gutiérrez Quintanilla José Ricardo , Lobos Rivera Marlon Elías 
Published: June 2018

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar si los factores psicosociales y el comportamiento agresivo al conducir están relacionados con los accidentes de tránsito de los conductores. El estudio es de tipo ex post facto, con diseños retrospectivo y transversal, con un muestreo no probabilístico de tipo intencionado. La muestra estuvo conformada por 1.012 conductores del transporte público y privado, de ambos sexos. La técnica fue la encuesta. La media de edad total fue de 34.81 años, con una DT (Desviación Típica) de 11.02. En hombres, la media de edad fue de 34.84 años, con una DT de 11.15; y en las mujeres, de 34.65 años, con una DT de 10.29. Entre las variables sociodemográficas están las siguientes: 152 (15,0 %) son mujeres y 860 (85,0 %) hombres; según los años de experiencia de conducir: los grupos de 1 a 5 años, 341 (33,9 %); de 6 a 15 años, 379 (37,7 %); de más de 16 años, 285 (28,4 %). Los instrumentos utilizados fueron: Escala de bienestar laboral, Escala Magallanes de estrés, Cuestionario de salud general, Escala de ansiedad y depresión, “Inventario de expresión de la ira del conductor” y Driving Log. En los resultados se encontró que existe una correlación importante entre los factores psicosociales y el comportamiento agresivo al conducir con los accidentes de tránsito cometidos.Entorno, octubre 2017, número 64: 9-19
La educación inclusiva en El Salvador en las relaciones de género
Authors: Osegueda Osegueda Carlos Felipe , Hernández Vásquez Miguel Ángel , Espinoza García Víctor Eduardo , Henríquez Pérez Ana Ruth , Monge Martínez Mónica Beatriz , Moreira Galeano Aarón Alberto , Pacas González Flor Andreina , Vásquez Rivera Kenya Graciela , Víchez Fabián Samuel Orlando 
Published: June 2018

La educación inclusiva implica una transformación radical en los paradigmas educativos vigentes, pasando desde un enfoque basado en la homogeneidad hasta una visión de la educación común sustentada en la heterogeneidad. En ese sentido, la presente investigación tiene como objetivo primordial explorar las características de la educación inclusiva en las relaciones de género y economía en El Salvador, procediendo a la consulta de fondos documentales para establecer los marcos teóricos conceptuales e históricos de referencia. Asimismo, siguiendo el método cualitativo, mediante el cual se describen las cualidades del fenómeno en estudio; y aplicando la técnica cualitativa de la entrevista guiada a directores y maestros de centros escolares en los que se encuentra vigente el programa de Educación Inclusiva a Tiemplo Pleno. Entorno, octubre 2017, número 64: 41-48
«Al aire» del to barroc
Authors: Josa Lola 
Published: June 2018

Resum: El paisatge bucòlic es va convertir en una espècie de partitura i de joc metalíric en els tons barrocs de tal manera que sembla com si els intèrprets i les veus que els canten només tinguessin que seguir les indicacions que els tòpics poètics dicten des del text per a que la sonoritat, l’harmonia i la música fossin possibles. Resulta molt curiós també que, tan tardanament, fos a propòsit de l’amor bucolicopastoral el pretext amb què l’incipient art del to es mostrés més experimental. Només aquest motiu musical podria justificar, que, a principis del segle XVII, proliferessin les composicions de tons de temàtica bucòlica i d’aquells altres que estan centrats en una Natura, si bé no idealitzada, no advertida pel més tardà panteisme egocèntric. En aquest treball ens centrarem, per tant, en les causes d’aquest esforç d’originalitat musical i de llurs èxits, així com la repercussió que va tenir en la poesia musicada. També seguirem l’evolució poeticomusical del to bucolicopastoral de la mà dels millors compositors peninsulars (alguns encara desconeguts) per a terminar oferint les característiques més significatives que permeten fixar-lo com una de les importants tipologies de la història de la música peninsular del segle XVII..
Paraules clau: to barroc, poesia i música del segle XVII, bucolisme líric, estudi interdisciplinar, llenguatge poeticomusical.

Abstract: The bucolic landscape became a kind of sheet music and metalyrical game in baroque tonos in such a way that it seems as if the performers and the voices that sing them have only to follow the indications that the poetic topics dictate from the text so that the sonority, harmony and music were possible. It is very curious also that, so belatedly, it was on the subject of pastoral-bucolic love the pretext with which the incipient art of the tono was more experimental. Only this musical motif could justify, that, at the beginning of the XVII century, the compositions of bucolic tonos proliferated and of those others that are centered in a Nature, although not idealized, not noticed by the later egocentric pantheism. In this work we will focus, therefore, on the causes of this effort of musical originality and its achievements, as well as the repercussion that it had on musicalized poetry. We will also follow the poetic-musical evolution of the bucolic-pastoral tono along with the best peninsular composers (some still unknown) to end up offering the most significant characteristics that allow us to fix it as one of the important typologies of the history of the peninsular music of the XVII century.
Keywords: Baroque tono; Poetry and music of the seventeenth century; Lyric bucolicism; Interdisciplinary study; Poetic-musical language.
L’èxtasi poètic de Fontanella: metateatre i música a la Lloa per la Tragicomèdia pastoral d’amor, firmesa i porfia
Authors: Gilabert Gaston 
Published: June 2018

Resum: En absència d’estudis monogràfics sobre la Lloa de Fontanella, aquest article n’ analitza l’estructura dramàtica, començant amb una reflexió sobre llur classificació dintre del gènere i sobre l’espai de la Barcelona del segle XVII que podria haver-la escenificat. La importància funcional que el poeta barceloní atorga a la música i al metateatre condueixen a una interpretació de la Lloa des d’un punt de vista poeticomusical, la qual cosa permet una nova lectura de certs passatges i una valoració crítica que afecta, no només a la peça en qüestió sinó a tota la Tragicomèdia pastoral d’amor, firmesa i porfia i al caràcter d’avantguarda del teatre català de l’Edat Moderna
Paraules clau: Francesc Fontanella, teatre català, literatura barroca, música, Barcelona.

Abstract: In the absence of monographic studies on Fontanella’s Lloa, this paper analyses its dramatic structure, starting with a reflection on their classification within the genre and on the context of 17th century Barcelona where it could have been staged. The functional importance that this Barcelonian poet grants to music and metatheatre leads to an interpretation of the Lloa from a poetic-musical point of view, which allows a new reading of certain passages and a critical evaluation that affects not only the piece in question, but also the whole Tragicomèdia pastoral d’amor, firmesa i porfia and the avant-garde character of the Catalan theatre of the Modern Age.
Keywords: Francesc Fontanella, Catalan theatre, baroque literature, music, Barcelona.
Ressenya a Laia de Ahumada, Eulàlia Duran i Grau. Converses íntimes. Cervera, Museu Comarcal de Cervera, 2017
Authors: Requesens Piquer Joan 
Published: June 2018

Ressenya a Laia de Ahumada, Eulàlia Duran i Grau. Converses íntimes. Cervera, Museu Comarcal de Cervera, 2017, 94 pp. ISBN 978-84-938838-5-0.

Review Laia de Ahumada, Eulàlia Duran i Grau. Converses íntimes. Cervera, Museu Comarcal de Cervera, 2017, 94 pp. ISBN 978-84-938838-5-0.
Data integrity systems for organ contours in radiation therapy planning
Authors: Shah Veeraj P. , Lakshminarayanan Pranav , Moore Joseph , Tran Phuoc T. , Quon Harry , Deville Curtiland , McNutt Todd R. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe purpose of this research is to develop effective data integrity models for contoured anatomy in a radiotherapy workflow for both real‐time and retrospective analysis. Within this study, two classes of contour integrity models were developed: data driven models and contiguousness models. The data driven models aim to highlight contours which deviate from a gross set of contours from similar disease sites and encompass the following regions of interest (ROI): bladder, femoral heads, spinal cord, and rectum. The contiguousness models, which individually analyze the geometry of contours to detect possible errors, are applied across many different ROI's and are divided into two metrics: Extent and Region Growing over volume. After analysis, we found that 70% of detected bladder contours were verified as suspicious. The spinal cord and rectum models verified that 73% and 80% of contours were suspicious respectively. The contiguousness models were the most accurate models and the Region Growing model was the most accurate submodel. 100% of the detected noncontiguous contours were verified as suspicious, but in the cases of spinal cord, femoral heads, bladder, and rectum, the Region Growing model detected additional two to five suspicious contours that the Extent model failed to detect. When conducting a blind review to detect false negatives, it was found that all the data driven models failed to detect all suspicious contours. The Region Growing contiguousness model produced zero false negatives in all regions of interest other than prostate. With regards to runtime, the contiguousness via extent model took an average of 0.2 s per contour. On the other hand, the region growing method had a longer runtime which was dependent on the number of voxels in the contour. Both contiguousness models have potential for real‐time use in clinical radiotherapy while the data driven models are better suited for retrospective use.
Unique Seamlessly Bonded CNT@Graphene Hybrid Nanostructure Introduced in an Interlayer for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Li Xuanhua , Tong Tengteng , Wu Qinjiang , Guo Shaohui , Song Qiang , Han Jian , Huang Zhixiang 
Published: June 2018

AbstractCarbon nanomaterials have been widely used as an interlayer for realizing efficient and stable perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Theoretically, the design of a carbon composite interlayer that combines excellent conductivity with a high specific surface area is a better strategy than the application of pure nanocarbons. Here, an unusual seamlessly bonded carbon nanotube@graphene (CNT@G) hybrid nanomaterial was strategically synthesized and demonstrated to behave as an efficient interlayer for realizing efficient and stable PSCs. Due to the advantage of the seamless bond, the as‐proposed hybrid nanostructure showed an apparent improvement compared to the use of CNTs only, graphene only, or a simple mixture of CNTs and graphene. The power conversion efficiency improved from 15.67% to 19.56% after introduction of the hybrid nanomaterial due to efficient carrier extraction, faster charge transport, and restrained carrier recombination. More importantly, PSCs with a CNT@G hybrid‐decorated hole transport layer (HTL) showed good thermal stability during a 50 h heat‐aging test at 100 °C and water stability under ambient humidity (30–50% relative humidity) for 500 h because the hybrid nanostructure exhibited an increased capability to block ion/molecule diffusion. Our results provide an alternative approach for fully exploring the potential application of nanocarbons in the development of high‐performance PSCs.
Wearables in Medicine
Authors: Yetisen Ali K. , Martinez‐Hurtado Juan Leonardo , Ünal Barış , Khademhosseini Ali , Butt Haider 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWearables as medical technologies are becoming an integral part of personal analytics, measuring physical status, recording physiological parameters, or informing schedule for medication. These continuously evolving technology platforms do not only promise to help people pursue a healthier life style, but also provide continuous medical data for actively tracking metabolic status, diagnosis, and treatment. Advances in the miniaturization of flexible electronics, electrochemical biosensors, microfluidics, and artificial intelligence algorithms have led to wearable devices that can generate real‐time medical data within the Internet of things. These flexible devices can be configured to make conformal contact with epidermal, ocular, intracochlear, and dental interfaces to collect biochemical or electrophysiological signals. This article discusses consumer trends in wearable electronics, commercial and emerging devices, and fabrication methods. It also reviews real‐time monitoring of vital signs using biosensors, stimuli‐responsive materials for drug delivery, and closed‐loop theranostic systems. It covers future challenges in augmented, virtual, and mixed reality, communication modes, energy management, displays, conformity, and data safety. The development of patient‐oriented wearable technologies and their incorporation in randomized clinical trials will facilitate the design of safe and effective approaches.
Full Electric Control of Exchange Bias at Room Temperature by Resistive Switching
Authors: Wei Lujun , Hu Zhenzhong , Du Guanxiang , Yuan Yuan , Wang Ji , Tu Hongqing , You Biao , Zhou Shiming , Qu Jiangtao , Liu Hongwei , Zheng Rongkun , Hu Yong , Du Jun 
Published: June 2018

AbstractElectric control of exchange bias (EB) is of vital importance in energy‐efficient spintronics. Although many attempts have been made during the past decade, each has its own limitations for operation and thus falls short of full direct and reversible electrical control of EB at room temperature. Here, a novel approach is proposed by virtue of unipolar resistive switching to accomplish this task in a Si/SiO2/Pt/Co/NiO/Pt device. By applying certain voltages, the device displays obvious EB in the high‐resistance‐state while negligible EB in the low‐resistance state. Conductive filaments forming in the NiO layer and rupturing near the Co–NiO interface are considered to play dominant roles in determining the combined resistive switching and EB phenomena. This work paves a new way for designing multifunctional and nonvolatile magnetoelectric random access memory devices.
Solution‐Processed High‐Performance Hybrid Photodetectors Enhanced by Perovskite/MoS2 Bulk Heterojunction
Authors: Peng Zi‐Yu , Xu Jian‐Long , Zhang Jing‐Yue , Gao Xu , Wang Sui‐Dong 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA hybrid structure strategy, utilizing a perovskite/MoS2 bulk heterojunction (BHJ) as the photosensitizer and a reduced graphene oxide (rGO) layer as the conducting channel, is developed to realize high‐performance photodetectors. All the active layers are prepared by a simple and low‐cost solution process. The perovskite/MoS2 BHJ can significantly suppress the recombination of photogenerated carriers due to the selective electron trapping in the MoS2 nanoflakes, and thus the photoinduced hole transfer from perovskite to rGO is facilitated to largely increase the photocurrent. The hybrid photodetectors show excellent figures of merit, such as high responsivity of 1.08 × 104 A W−1, high detectivity of 4.28 × 1013 Jones, high external quantum efficiency of 2.0 × 106%, and fast photoresponse time less than 45 ms. The demonstration of flexible photodetectors on a flexible substrate finds potential applications in wearable and portable electronics. This work highlights the significance of a hybrid structure, combining an appropriate BHJ film with a graphene channel, as a general and effective way for achieving low‐cost and high‐performance photodetectors.
Intraflower variation in nectar secretion: Secretion patterns and pollinator behavior in male‐ and female‐phase flowers
Authors: Misaki Ando , Itagaki Tomoyuki , Matsubara Yutaka , Sakai Satoki 
Published: June 2018

Premise of the StudyPlants that secrete abundant nectar attract many pollinator visits, potentially leading to a high frequency of geitonogamous pollination. However, intraflower variation in nectar volume might enhance early departure from the flower or inflorescence, reducing geitonogamy. To examine the adaptive significance of multiple nectar‐producing spurs within flowers, we related intraflower variation in nectar characteristics to pollinator foraging behavior and plant reproductive success in protandrous Aquilegia buergeriana var. oxysepala.MethodsWe investigated if nectar volume and sugar mass relate to spur length and if intraflower variation in nectar characteristics differ between male‐ and female‐phase flowers. Because male function requires more pollinator visits than female function, male‐phase flowers are expected to have greater nectar volume and lower intraflower variation in nectar volume than female‐phase flowers. We used intraflower variation in spur length as an indicator of variation in nectar characteristics and investigated how spur length variation affects pollinator behavior, pollen removal, and seed production.Key ResultsMale‐phase flowers had greater nectar volume and lower intraflower variation in nectar volume than female‐phase flowers. Intraflower variation in spur length reduced the duration of bumblebee visits. Short visits reduced seed production, but increased pollen removal.ConclusionsOur results suggest that high intraflower variation in nectar production rate can reduce geitonogamy and potentially increase the genetic diversity of pollen received. Such pattern of nectar secretion within and among flowers may allow flowers to ensure effective pollen transfer or high seed production.
Chiral Induction in [2+2+2] Cycloaddition Reactions
Authors: Pla‐Quintana Anna , Roglans Anna 
Published: June 2018

AbstractChiral compounds containing six‐membered rings, whether aromatic or not, are of interest in a wide range of disciplines, including material science, medicinal chemistry, and agrochemistry. As transition‐metal‐catalyzed [2+2+2] cycloaddition reactions are one of the most elegant routes for the construction of six‐membered rings, significant effort has been given to developing asymmetric variants. In this focus review, we bring together the work that has been done in optimizing diastereoselective [2+2+2] cycloaddition reactions of enantiomerically pure substrates. Two different approaches—chirality induction and chirality transfer—are considered in a review organized by the type of chiral element being constructed (central, axial, or helical). The general challenges that are involved are highlighted and possible future directions in the field are discussed.
Electrochemical Methods as Enabling Tools for Glycosylation
Authors: Manmode Sujit , Matsumoto Kouichi , Nokami Toshiki , Itoh Toshiyuki 
Published: June 2018

AbstractElectrochemical methods have been widely used for organic synthesis including glycosylation. Electrochemical oxidation via single electron transfer (SET) is a powerful method to activate various types of glycosyl donors. Their oxidation potentials, which reflect the reactivity of glycosyl donors under anodic oxidation conditions are tunable by changing protecting groups and the anomeric leaving groups of glycosyl donors. Not only thioglycosides but also other chalcogenoglycosides have been studied as highly reactive glycosyl donors. Recently, automated electrochemical assembly, which is an automated electrochemical solution‐phase synthesis of oligosaccharides was successfully demonstrated by the rational optimization of thioglycosides as both glycosyl donors and acceptors through electrochemical measurements and DFT calculations.
Im Kampf gegen Krebs: Polyoxometallate als nächste Generation metallhaltiger Medikamente
Authors: Bijelic Aleksandar , Aureliano Manuel , Rompel Annette 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPolyoxometallate (POMs) haben großes Potenzial, verschiedene Tumorarten zu inhibieren; ihre Toxizität und unspezifischen Wechselwirkungen mit Biomolekülen verhindern jedoch eine klinische Anwendung. Der Schwerpunkt bei biologisch aktiven POMs liegt gegenwärtig auf organisch funktionalisierten POMs und POM‐basierten Nanokomposit‐Strukturen, da diese Hybride eine erhöhte Aktivität gegen Tumoren aufweisen, bei einer gleichzeitig deutlich verringerten Toxizität gegen normale Zellen. Während die Antitumoraktivität von POMs ausreichend beschrieben ist, sind ihre Wirkungsmechanismen noch weitgehend unbekannt. Dieser Aufsatz gibt einen Überblick über die zytotoxischen Effekte von POMs, wobei der Schwerpunkt auf POM‐basierten Hybriden und Nanokomposit‐Strukturen liegen soll. Postulierte Wirkungsmechanismen werden vorgestellt und molekulare Targets identifiziert. POMs könnten sich zur nächsten Generation metallhaltiger Krebsmedikamente entwickeln, die selektiv nur Krebszellen angreifen und gesunde Zellen verschonen.