bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspiration of retropharyngeal lymph nodes after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a novel technique for accurate diagnosis
Authors: He Long‐Jun , Xie Chuanbo , Li Yin , Luo Lin‐Na , Pan Ke , Gao Xiao‐Yan , Liu Li‐Zhi , Gao Jian‐Ming , Luo Guang‐Yu , Shan Hong‐Bo , Chen Ming‐Yuan , Zhao Chong , Fan Wei‐Jun , Yang Ping , Xu Guo‐Liang , Li Jian‐Jun 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundEnlarged retropharyngeal lymph nodes (RLNs) are very common in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) undergoing radiotherapy. The most suitable treatment option for enlarged RLNs depends on the pathological results. However, RLN sampling is difficult and imminent in the clinic setting. We recently developed a novel minimally invasive technique termed endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspiration (EUS‐FNA) for sampling RLN tissues sufficient for pathological or cytological diagnosis.MethodsWe enrolled 30 post‐radiotherapy patients with NPC with suspected RLN metastasis detected via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The EUS probe was introduced into the nasopharynx via the nostrils, and EUS was then used to scan the retropharyngeal space and locate the RLN in the anterior carotid sheath. EUS‐FNA was subsequently performed. The safety and efficacy of using EUS‐FNA to sample the RLN tissues were assessed.ResultsStrips of tissue were successfully sampled from all patients using EUS‐FNA. Of the 30 patients, 23 were confirmed to have cancer cells in the biopsied tissues via pathology or cytology examinations with 1 EUS‐FNA biopsy session. The seven cases without confirmed cancer cells were subsequently reanalyzed by using another EUS‐FNA biopsy session, and two more cases were confirmed possessing cancer cells. The other five patients without confirmed cancer cells were closely followed with MRI every month for 3 months. After follow‐up for 3 months, three patients were still considered cancer‐free due to the presence of RLNs with stable or shrinking diameters. The rest two patients who showed progressive disease underwent a third EUS‐FNA biopsy procedure and were further confirmed to be cancer cell‐positive. In the whole cohort reported here, the EUS‐FNA procedure was not associated with any severe complications.ConclusionEUS‐FNA is a safe and effective diagnostic approach for sampling tissues from the RLNs in patients with suspected recurrent NPC.
Ventromedial prefrontal cortex activity and pathological worry in generalised anxiety disorder
Authors: Via E. , Fullana M. A. , Goldberg X. , Tinoco-González D. , Martínez-Zalacaín I. , Soriano-Mas C. , Davey C. G. , Menchón J. M. , Straube B. , Kircher T. , Pujol J. , Cardoner N. , Harrison B. J. 
Published: May 2018

BackgroundPathological worry is a hallmark feature of generalised anxiety disorder (GAD), associated with dysfunctional emotional processing. The ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) is involved in the regulation of such processes, but the link between vmPFC emotional responses and pathological v. adaptive worry has not yet been examined.AimsTo study the association between worry and vmPFC activity evoked by the processing of learned safety and threat signals.MethodIn total, 27 unmedicated patients with GAD and 56 healthy controls (HC) underwent a differential fear conditioning paradigm during functional magnetic resonance imaging.ResultsCompared to HC, the GAD group demonstrated reduced vmPFC activation to safety signals and no safety–threat processing differentiation. This response was positively correlated with worry severity in GAD, whereas the same variables showed a negative and weak correlation in HC.ConclusionsPoor vmPFC safety–threat differentiation might characterise GAD, and its distinctive association with GAD worries suggests a neural-based qualitative difference between healthy and pathological worries.Declaration of interestNone.
Case Report: A Primordial odontogenic tumor
Authors: Amer Hatem , Hafed Layla , Ibrahim Sally 
Published: May 2018

Introduction: Primordial odontogenic tumors are a rare recently described mixed odontogenic tumor composed histopathologically of dental papilla like tissue and enamel organ like tissue. Only nine cases have been documented worldwide and we are reporting the tenth case which is from Egypt. Clinical finding: A 2-year-old Egyptian boy that presented with an asymptomatic swelling of the mandible which appeared with multilocular radiolucency associated with an impacted developing tooth on a computerized tomography (CT) scan. Diagnoses, interventions, and outcomes: The lesion was excised and diagnosed as a primordial odontogenic tumor. The patient was followed up for two years with no recurrence. Conclusion: Differentiation of primordial odontogenic tumors from other odontogenic tumors, which resemble it histopathologically is crucial to avoid unnecessary aggressive treatment.
A molecular phylogeny of selligueoid ferns (Polypodiaceae): Implications for a natural delimitation despite homoplasy and rapid radiation
Authors: He Lijuan , Schneider Harald , Hovenkamp Peter , Marquardt Jeannine , Wei Ran , Wei Xueping , Zhang Xianchun , Xiang Qiaoping 
Published: May 2018

AbstractHomoplasy, autapomorphy and rapid radiation have frequently been discussed as the main causes of instable generic classifications of plants including ferns. In this study, we explore the natural generic classification for selligueoid ferns by investigating the phylogenetic relationships among almost all its previously recognized segregates. We compare the phylogenies that resulted from two datasets. Dataset 1 comprises a broad taxonomic sampling of fifty–one species of selligueoid ferns. Phylogenetic analysis of this dataset revealed a notable long branch followed by a polytomy recovering three core clades of selligueoid ferns. Only one of the core clades corresponds to the traditional generic concept of Arthromeris. Dataset 2 includes fewer species but a broader sample of six plastid DNA markers. However, the results of this dataset show that the increase of informative molecular characters still did not provide sufficient evidence to resolve the polytomy. The long branches together with a consistent backbone polytomy support a rapid radiation in the selligueoid ferns. The majority of morphological characters were recovered as homoplastic, which hampers the identification of segregates with unambiguous diagnostic characters. Considering morphological characters and our molecular phylogeny, a single genus Selliguea s.l., which includes all selligueoid species, is proposed here to achieve taxonomic stability in this group.
Dividing and conquering the fastest–growing genus: Towards a natural sectional classification of the mega–diverse genus Begonia (Begoniaceae)
Authors: Moonlight Peter W. , Ardi Wisnu H. , Padilla Luzmila Arroyo , Chung Kuo-Fang , Fuller Daniel , Girmansyah Deden , Hollands Ruth , Jara-Muñoz Adolfo , Kiew Ruth , Leong Wai-Chao , Liu Yan , Mahardika Adi , Marasinghe Lakmini D.K. , O’Connor Meriel , Peng Ching-I , Pérez Álvaro J. , Phutthai Thamarat , Pullan Martin , Rajbhandary Sangeeta , Reynel Carlos , Rubite Rosario R. , Sang Julia , Scherberich David , Shui Yu-Min , Tebbitt Mark C. , Thomas Daniel C. , Wilson Hannah P. , Zaini Nura H. , Hughes Mark 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe pantropical genus Begonia is the sixth–largest genus of flowering plants, including 1870 species. The sections of Begonia are used frequently as analogues to genera in other families but, despite their taxonomic utility, few of the current sections have been examined in the light of molecular phylogenetic analyses. We present herein the largest, most representative phylogeny of Begonia published to date and a subsequent provisional sectional classification of the genus. We utilised three plastid markers for 574 species and 809 accessions of Begonia and used Hillebrandia as an outgroup to produce a dated phylogeny. The relationships between some species and sections are poorly resolved, but many sections and deeper nodes receive strong support. We recognise 70 sections of Begonia including 5 new sections: Astrothrix, Ephemera, Jackia, Kollmannia, and Stellandrae; 4 sections are reinstated from synonymy: Australes, Exalabegonia, Latistigma and Pereira; and 5 sections are newly synonymised. The new sectional classification is discussed with reference to identifying characters and previous classifications.
Generic delimitation in Apocyneae (Apocynaceae)
Authors: Livshultz Tatyana , Middleton David J. , van der Ham Raymond W.J.M. , Khew Gillian 
Published: May 2018

AbstractApocyneae are a tribe of 24 genera and ca. 113 species that, with the exception of the temperate Apocynum species in North America and Eurasia, are all woody vines endemic to tropical and subtropical Asia and Australasia. Generic concepts have been in flux through most of the history of the taxa now grouped in Apocyneae and have been only partially clarified in previously published molecular phylogenetic studies. Expanded taxon and character sampling permitted a phylogenetic analysis based on gene sequences from four chloroplast and three nuclear loci of 23 of 24 currently recognized genera, and 23 morphological characters scored for all 24 genera. The resulting topology supports the expansion of Micrechites to include the monotypic Vallariopsis, united by the shared presence of unusual polyporate pollen, and Urceola to include Parameria and Aganonerion, united by the shared presence of acarodomatia and pubescent seeds. The required combinations are made. Ixodonerium is placed as sister to Papuechites, supported by the synapomorphic presence of a corolline corona. Monophyly of Epigynum is supported for the first time, based primarily on evidence from the nuclear Leafy intron; no unambiguously optimized morphological synapomorphies are identified. Baharuia, included based on morphology only, is placed as sister to or nested within Urceola s.l., supported by the synapomorphic presence of acarodomatia. The subtribal classification is modified to reflect our current understanding of phylogeny: Baharuia is transferred to Urceolinae, Micrechites and Amalocalyx are transferred to Chonemorphinae, and Streptoechites is treated as subtribe incertae sedis.
Adaptive Distributionally Robust Optimization
Authors: Bertsimas Dimitris , Sim Melvyn , Zhang Meilin 
Published: May 2018

We develop a modular and tractable framework for solving an adaptive distributionally robust linear optimization problem, where we minimize the worst-case expected cost over an ambiguity set of probability distributions. The adaptive distributionally robust optimization framework caters for dynamic decision making, where decisions adapt to the uncertain outcomes as they unfold in stages. For tractability considerations, we focus on a class of second-order conic (SOC) representable ambiguity set, though our results can easily be extended to more general conic representations. We show that the adaptive distributionally robust linear optimization problem can be formulated as a classical robust optimization problem. To obtain a tractable formulation, we approximate the adaptive distributionally robust optimization problem using linear decision rule (LDR) techniques. More interestingly, by incorporating the primary and auxiliary random variables of the lifted ambiguity set in the LDR approximation, we can significantly improve the solutions, and for a class of adaptive distributionally robust optimization problems, exact solutions can also be obtained. Using the new LDR approximation, we can transform the distributionally adaptive robust optimization problem to a classical robust optimization problem with an SOC representable uncertainty set. Finally, to demonstrate the potential for solving management decision problems, we develop an algebraic modeling package and illustrate how it can be used to facilitate modeling and obtain high-quality solutions for medical appointment scheduling and inventory management problems. The electronic companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2952 . This paper was accepted by Noah Gans, optimization.
Robust Optimization with Ambiguous Stochastic Constraints Under Mean and Dispersion Information
Authors: Postek Krzysztof , Ben-Tal Aharon , den Hertog Dick , Melenberg Bertrand 
Published: May 2018

In this paper we consider ambiguous stochastic constraints under partial information consisting of means and dispersion measures of the underlying random parameters. Whereas the past literature used the variance as the dispersion measure, here we use the mean absolute deviation from the mean (MAD). This makes it possible to use the 1972 result of Ben-Tal and Hochman (BH) in which tight upper and lower bounds on the expectation of a convex function of a random variable are given. First, we use these results to treat ambiguous expected feasibility constraints to obtain exact reformulations for both functions that are convex and concave in the components of the random variable. This approach requires, however, the independence of the random variables and, moreover, may lead to an exponential number of terms in the resulting robust counterparts. We then show how upper bounds can be constructed that alleviate the independence restriction, and require only a linear number of terms, by exploiting models in which random variables are linearly aggregated. Moreover, using the BH bounds we derive three new safe tractable approximations of chance constraints of increasing computational complexity and quality. In a numerical study, we demonstrate the efficiency of our methods in solving stochastic optimization problems under mean-MAD ambiguity. The electronic companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/opre.2017.1688 .
Calculation of 3D Coordinates of a Point on the Basis of a Stereoscopic System
Authors: Mussabayev R.R. , Kalimoldayev M.N. , Amirgaliyev Ye.N. , Tairova A.T. , Mussabayev T.R. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The solution of three-dimensional (3D) coordinate calculation task for a material point is considered. Two flat images (a stereopair) which correspond to the left and to the right viewpoints of a 3D scene are used for this purpose. The stereopair is obtained using two cameras with parallel optical axes. The analytical formulas for calculating 3D coordinates of a material point in the scene were obtained on the basis of analysis of the stereoscopic system optical and geometrical schemes. The detailed presentation of the algorithmic and hardware realization of the given method was discussed with the the practical. The practical module was recommended for the determination of the optical system unknown parameters. The series of experimental investigations were conducted for verification of theoretical results. During these experiments the minor inaccuracies were occurred by space distortions in the optical system and by it discrecity. While using the high quality stereoscopic system, the existing calculation inaccuracy enables to apply the given method for the wide range of practical tasks.
Utilizing Integrated Prediction Error Filter Analysis (INPEFA) to divide base-level cycle of fan-deltas: A case study of the Triassic Baikouquan Formation in Mabei Slope Area, Mahu Depression, Junggar Basin, China
Authors: Yuan Rui , Zhu Rui , Qu Jianhua , Wu Jun , You Xincai , Sun Yuqiu , Zhou Yuanquan (Nancy) 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The Mahu Depression is an important hydrocarbon-bearing foreland sag located at the northwestern margin of the Junggar Basin, China. On the northern slope of the depression, large coarse-grained proximal fan-delta depositional systems developed in the Lower Triassic Baikouquan Formation (T1b). Some lithologic hydrocarbon reservoirs have been found in the conglomerates of the formation since recent years. However, the rapid vertical and horizontal lithology variations make it is difficult to divide the base-level cycle of the formation using the conventional methods. Spectral analysis technologies, such as Integrated Prediction Error Filter Analysis (INPEFA), provide another effective way to overcome this difficultly. In this paper, processed by INPEFA, conventional resistivity logs are utilized to study the base-level cycle of the fan-delta depositional systems. The negative trend of the INPEFA curve indicates the base-level fall semi-cycles, adversely, positive trend suggests the rise semi-cycles. Base-level cycles of Baikouquan Formation are divided in single and correlation wells. One long-term base-level rise semi-cycle, including three medium-term base-level cycles, is identified overall the Baikouquan Formation. The medium-term base-level cycles are characterized as rise semi-cycles mainly in the fan-delta plain, symmetric cycles in the fan-delta front and fall semi-cycles mainly in the pro-fan-delta. The short-term base-level rise semi-cycles most developed in the braided channels, sub-aqueous distributary channels and sheet sands. While, the interdistributary bays and pro-fan-delta mud indicate short-term base-level fall semi-cycles. Finally, based on the method of INPEFA, sequence filling model of Baikouquan formation is established.
Intra-urban patterns of creative industries in polycentric city
Authors: Slach Ondřej , Ivan Igor , Ženka Jan , Sopkuliak Andrej 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The principal objective of this paper is to evaluate the spatial patterns of creative industries in a micro-geographic perspective. As the creative industries represent a highly heterogeneous complex, only selected creative industries were studied (culture, marketing and advertising, printing, publishing, architecture). The polycentric industrial city of Ostrava was chosen as the surveyed area. Various spatial statistical methods (e.g. nearest neighbour analysis, kernel density estimation) were applied for the needs of assessment. The results show that spatial patterns of creative industries at intra-urban level do not vary significantly from their counterparts in Western Europe. Despite the fact that Ostrava is highly industrialized polycentric city with relatively weak position of the city centre, creative industries are highly concentrated into the historical city centre and the inner city.
Intake of fruit, vegetables and milk products and correlates among school boys in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alsubaie Ali Saad R. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Background
Healthy dietary behaviors have a significant impact on children’s health and development. Diets high in fruit and vegetables demonstrate a strong and consistent pattern for decreasing the risk of and providing benefits against cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity and many cancers. Yet, little is known about the pattern of fruit, vegetables and dairy products consumption among children in Saudi Arabia.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to investigate the consumption of fruit, vegetables and milk products and their dietary correlates among school boys in Saudi Arabia.

Materials and methods
A multistage stratified cluster cross-sectional survey, using a pre-tested questionnaire was conducted among school-children. The study sample comprised of 725 school students from ten randomly selected schools in Saudi Arabia.

Results
All surveyed schools (100%) neither provide nor sell fruit, fresh juices or vegetables on their premises. During regular weekdays, the majority of the children did not consume fruit (69%) and vegetables (71.4%) on daily basis. More than one third (32.4%) of the children did not consume dairy products daily. The daily consumption of fruit and dairy products were associated with young age [odds ratio (OR) = 1.5, confidence interval (CI): 1.1–2.2, p = 0.040] and (OR = 2.4, CI: 1.6–3.7, p = 0.001), respectively. Daily consumption of fruit was positively associated with daily consumption of vegetables (OR = 6.6, CI: 4.5–9.5, p = 0.001). Also, daily consumption of vegetables was positively associated with daily consumption of dairy products (OR = 1.5, CI: 1.1–2.2, p = 0.040) and inversely correlated with daily consumption of sweets (OR = 0.6, C.I: 0.4–0.9, p = 0.012). Moreover, the daily consumption of dairy products was associated with consuming high fat food daily (OR = 1.7, CI: 1.2–2.4, p = 0.002).

Conclusion
The findings indicated that a high percentage of children in Saudi Arabia had an unhealthy low consumption of fruit, vegetables and milk products. Thus, an intervention program to promote healthy dietary patterns is highly recommended. Improving school environments and establishing school-based nutrition programs are extremely needed to promote healthy dietary behaviors among this age group.
Ten Years after – Stand und Perspektiven der DGI-Initiative für Informationskompetenz
Authors: Weisel Luzian 
Published: May 2018

ZusammenfassungMit dem ersten Teil dieses Beitrages wurde in Heft 4/2017 eine Bilanz zu Maßnahmen und Wirkungen der Initiative für Informationskompetenz der DGI gezogen. Nun werden einzelne Aktivitäten und Modellprojekte in Politik und Verbänden zur besseren Sichtbarkeit der Informationskompetenz und ihrer stärkeren Verankerung in der universitären, beruflichen, besonders aber schulischen Ausbildung vorgestellt. Dazu thematisiert der Artikel Aspekte der Forschung zum Begriff Informationskompetenz und seine Abgrenzung zur Medienkompetenz.
Zwangsehen und Bastarde
Authors: Herb Ulrich 
Published: May 2018

ZusammenfassungTaucht das Wort „Wissenschaft“ im Zusammenhang mit Big Data auf, denkt man zumeist an Wissenschaftler, die durch findige Analysen treffsichere Prognosen über zukünftige Entwicklungen, Ereignisse und Handlungen fällen – oder aber mit chirurgischer Präzision Verhalten beeinflussen, wie etwa vom erfolgreichen Wahlkampf Donald Trumps kolportiert. Allerdings sind Wissenschaftler längst nicht mehr nur Agenten in Big-Data-Szenarien, sondern auch Objekte. Die Vermessung der Wissenschaft erfolgt heute nicht allein anhand simpler Zitationszählungen oder erwirtschafteter Projektgelder: Kommerzielle Akteure schicken sich an, ein ganzes Betriebssystem inklusive integrierter Werkzeuge zu schaffen, das unablässig Verhalten von Wissenschaftlern und Performanz von Wissenschaft protokolliert. Der Beitrag illustriert am Wandel des früheren Verlagshauses Elsevier zum Research Intelligence Provider exemplarisch, wie Wissenschaft selbst in den Fokus von Big Data gerät und wie eine Big-Data-gesteuerte Wissenschaft aussehen könnte.
A Land with No Borders: A New Interpretation of the Babylonian “Map of the World”
Authors: Delnero Paul 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The Babylonian Map of the World, which is arguably one of the most famous and frequently referenced artifacts from Ancient Mesopotamia, has almost without exception been assumed to present an idealized and highly ideological picture of the cosmos with the city of Babylon occupying its privileged center. While there can be little question that dichotomies such as myth and reality, core and periphery, and past and the present, merge together seamlessly in the Map (and its accompanying texts) to present an idealized image of Babylonia, it will be argued in this paper that focusing on these dichotomies has caused critical aspects of the Map to be overlooked. By examining the Map as a dynamic, as opposed to static image, a new interpretation of the Map will be presented to show how this remarkable artifact connects the Mesopotamian past and present with its real and mythological landscapes in a way that has been previously unexplored.