bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Third French Individual and National Food Consumption (INCA3) Survey 2014–2015: method, design and participation rate in the framework of a European harmonization process
Authors: Dubuisson Carine , Dufour Ariane , Carrillo Sandrine , Drouillet-Pinard Peggy , Havard Sabrina , Volatier Jean-Luc 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectiveAssessing dietary exposure or nutrient intakes requires detailed dietary data. These data are collected in France by the cross-sectional Individual and National Studies on Food Consumption (INCA). In 2014–2015, the third survey (INCA3) was launched in the framework of the European harmonization process which introduced major methodological changes. The present paper describes the design of the INCA3 survey, its participation rate and the quality of its dietary data, and discusses the lessons learned from the methodological adaptations.DesignTwo representative samples of adults (18–79 years old) and children (0–17 years old) living in mainland France were selected following a three-stage stratified random sampling method using the national census database.SettingFood consumption was collected through three non-consecutive 24 h recalls (15–79 years old) or records (0–14 years old), supplemented by an FFQ. Information on food supplement use, eating habits, physical activity and sedentary behaviours, health status and sociodemographic characteristics were gathered by questionnaires. Height and body weight were measured.ParticipantsIn total, 4114 individuals (2121 adults, 1993 children) completed the whole protocol.ResultsParticipation rate was 41·5% for adults and 49·8% for children. Mean energy intake was estimated as 8795 kJ/d (2102 kcal/d) in adults and 7222 kJ/d (1726 kcal/d) in children and the rate of energy intake under-reporters was 17·8 and 13·9%, respectively.ConclusionsFollowing the European guidelines, the INCA3 survey collected detailed dietary data useful for food-related and nutritional risk assessments at national and European level. The impact of the methodological changes on the participation rate should be further studied.
Cross-subsidization of teacher pension benefits: the impact of the discount rate
Authors: Costrell Robert M. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis paper builds on previous work (Costrell and McGee, 2017a, Education Finance and Policy) on the redistribution of teacher pension benefits, as measured by the wide variation in individual normal cost rates by age of entry and exit, and the associated cross-subsidies. The further steps taken here are: (i) to examine the impact of the discount rate on the degree of redistribution, and the analytics behind it; and (ii) to identify the distribution of the market value of the pension guarantee. Using the example of the California State Teachers’ Retirement System, I find that: (i) high-assumed returns substantially understate the extent to which costs are redistributed for back-loaded plans; and (ii) the market value of the pension guarantee is highly concentrated among long-term teachers.
Mediating effect of interpersonal coping on meaning in spirituality and quality of life and the influences of depression and anxiety thereon in cancer patients
Authors: Cha Kyeong Min , Kang So Young , Hyun So Yeon , Noh Jae Sung , Shin Yun Mi , Kim Nam Hee 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate associations among spirituality, coping strategies, quality of life (QOL), and the effects of depression and anxiety thereon in cancer patients.MethodIn total, 237 cancer patients referred to a psycho-oncology clinic at a university hospital in Korea were enrolled. After identifying predictors of patient QOL in a stepwise regression model, we developed a hypothetical path model wherein interpersonal coping was considered as a mediating variable between spirituality (meaning/peace) and QOL and wherein depression and anxiety affected each of these three variables.ResultThe direct effect of spirituality (meaning/peace) on QOL was 36.7%. In an indirect model, interpersonal coping significantly mediated the relationship between spirituality (meaning/peace) and QOL. Depression exerted the largest negative effect on spirituality (meaning/peace), interpersonal coping, and QOL. Anxiety had negative effects on spirituality (meaning/peace) and QOL, but a positive effect on interpersonal coping.Significance of resultsInterpersonal coping strategies work as a partial mediator of the relationship between meaning/peace subscales of spirituality and QOL. Effective management of depression may help in achieving better outcomes associated therewith. Greater attention and efforts to improve social connectedness and meaning of life in spiritual well-being may improve the QOL of cancer patients.
Distribution, associated vegetation, conservation and utilization of Grewia tenax: an important underutilized shrub species of the Thar Desert of India
Authors: Venkatesan K. , Patidar Anil , Singh Maharaj , Kumar Mahesh , Kumawat R. N. , Dev Rahul , Uchoi Julius , Kumar Abhishek , Mertia D. S. , Singh J. P. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractGrewia tenax locally known as ‘Gangerun’, is an important multipurpose underutilized shrub and potentially threaten species of the Thar Desert of India. Owing to its importance, naturally available germplasm was collected and evaluated for its sustainable utilization in future. Data on individual mother plant, seed characters and soil profile were investigated. Habitat occurrence of G. tenax was found in patches with dominant association of Euphorbia caducifolia across the four districts of western Rajasthan. Individual plant on unprotected area portrayed far lower average height (0.95 m) and canopy area (1.75 m2) than protected area (2.63 m and 13.89 m2) signifying level of browsing pressure on this species in Jaisalmer. Soil samples belonging to Pali region have high organic carbon and low electrical conductivity content than Jaisalmer and Jodhpur. The statistical analysis of seed characters revealed the presence of high coefficient of variation (%) in 100-seed weight (HSW; 27.36) followed by seed length (SL; 8.06) and least in seed breadth (SB; 5.85). The range and mean values of HSW, SL, SB and length:breadth ratio (LBR) were (2.02–7.00 and 3.34 g), (4.36–6.15 and 5.36 mm), (3.73–4.68 and 4.25 mm) and (1.11–1.44 and 1.27), respectively. Significantly positive correlation was observed between SL and LBR (0.73) followed by HSW and SL (0.66). Along with these findings, its economic importance, utilization and conservation are detailed in this paper as to hasten further research on its various aspects for its successful conservation and utilization.
Wine consumers’ reaction to prices, organic production and origins at the point of sale: an analysis of household panel data
Authors: Schäufele Isabel , Hamm Ulrich 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPrice premiums are considered as major purchase barriers for organic products and therefore may prevent organic market growth. For wine, however, prices take a double and conflicting effect: they also serve as quality signal for consumers. Therefore, it is of high relevance to examine if price is a major barrier for organic wine as well.Even though many studies already examined price behavior for organic wine through surveys and experiments, it is still to be clarified how consumers’ react to price changes in a real market context. So far, no study analyzed consumer preferences for organic labeled wine in daily shopping situations. Through the analysis of the GfK household panel—a high-frequency data set of extensive population coverage—implications for price setting and price promotions in different market segments can be given.In contrast to previous studies, consumers’ overall price sensitivity was found to be low for organic wine and consumers’ preferred organic over conventional wine. The effect of price as quality cue or purchase barrier and the effect of an organic label on consumers’ behavior varied between price categories. Organic wine was valued highest in the low-price category, whereas no price premium for the organic label was examined in the high-price segment. Price sensitivity was extremely high for organic wine in the low-price segment, while price functioned as quality signal in the premium segment for organic and conventional wine similarly.This study verified previous stated preference studies on organic wine through the analysis of actual purchase data. Moreover, new insights for price setting in different price categories were generated through the examination of a large amount of disaggregated data on single consumer purchases.
Political party ambitions and type-2 diabetes policy in Brazil and Mexico
Authors: Gómez Eduardo J. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn the Americas, next to the United States, Brazil and Mexico have the highest prevalence of type-2 diabetes. In contrast to most studies, this article compares and analyzes the politics behind the implementation of type-2 diabetes self-care management programs (DSM), which is a new area of scholarly research. This article claims that Brazil outpaced Mexico with respect to the implementation of effective DSM programs, the product of positive policy spillover effects associated with the president and governing political party’s popular anti-poverty programs, and the enduring legacy of centralized ministry of health financial and human resource assistance to primary care programs in a context of decentralization. Brazil also benefited from having a strong partnership with international health agencies. None of these factors was present in Mexico. Findings suggest that more research needs to go into understanding the complex political and inter-governmental contexts facilitating DSM program implementation, which is a neglected area of research.
Design of graded honeycomb radar absorbing structure with wide-band and wide-angle properties
Authors: Zhao Yuchen , Ren Fang , He Li , Zhang Jinsheng , Yuan Yanning , Xi Xiaoli 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn this paper, the design of a graded honeycomb radar absorbing structure (RAS) is presented to realize both a wide bandwidth and absorption over a wide range of angles. For both transverse-electric and transverse-magnetic polarization, a fractional bandwidth of more than 118.6% is achieved for at least a 10 dB reflectivity reduction when the incident angle is <45°, an 8 dB reduction when the incident angle is <55° and a 5 dB reduction when the incident angle is <70°. Meanwhile the 10 dB reduction upper angle limit is approximately 30° for the uniform coating honeycomb RAS in the literature, which loses its absorbing ability when the incident angle is larger than 55°. Furthermore, the total thickness of our design is 10.7 mm, which is only approximately 1.29 times that of the theoretical limitation. The good agreement between the calculated, simulated, and measured results demonstrates the validity of this optimization.
A test of famine-induced developmental programming in utero
Authors: Catalano Ralph , Gemmill Alison , Bruckner Tim 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe ‘DOHaD’ literature argues that stressors encountered at age t ‘program’ individual health at age t+n, and that this programming appears strongest when t defines critical developmental periods including gestation. Accordingly, children of ill-nourished pregnant women suffer greater later life morbidity than do offspring of well-nourished mothers. The possibility that circumstances other than access to nutritious food drive both a mother’s diet and fetal development remains, however, a threat to the inference of programming in utero. Attempts to rule out this threat include tests of the hypothesis that birth cohorts in gestation during famines exhibit shorter life spans than other cohorts. The tests produce conflicting results attributed to confounding by autocorrelation, selective migration and introduction of modern medicine. We offer a test in which neither medicine nor migration nor autocorrelation could obscure the presumed effect. We apply time-series regression methods to the life span of Swedes born between 1751 and 1800 to test the hypothesis that cohorts exposed in utero to the Swedish Famine of 1773 lived shorter lives than expected from trends and other forms of autocorrelation. We use these 50 birth cohorts not only because they included those exposed to severe famine but also because they may well be the only human birth cohorts that completed life unaffected by selective migration and unaided by modern medicine and for which we know life span. We find that the cohort born in 1773 live 4.2 years longer than expected from trends over the last half of the 18th century.
Future Changes of Subseasonal Precipitation Variability in North America During Winter Under Global Warming
Authors: Dong Lu , Leung L. Ruby , Song Fengfei 
Published: November 2018

AbstractChanges in subseasonal precipitation variability have important implications for predictability of weather and climate extreme. Here we explore the mechanisms that lead to future changes in subseasonal precipitation variability in North America during winter based on 20 state‐of‐the‐art climate models. Modeling evidences indicate that in a warmer climate, the subseasonal precipitation variability consistently increases over most of North America, with intensified swing between the wet and dry extremes, but declines over Mexico. Using a moisture budget decomposition framework, two opposing mechanisms are established: the thermodynamic component from increasing moisture due to global warming intensifies the subseasonal precipitation variability, while the dynamic component from the projected reduction in subseasonal rainfall‐related circulation variability has an opposite effect. Overall, the thermodynamic effect wins the tug of war at the mid‐to‐high latitudes over most of North America, while the dynamic effect overwhelms the thermodynamic effect in Mexico, creating distinct changes in subseasonal precipitation variability.
A Recent Shift Toward an El Niño‐Like Ocean State in the Tropical Pacific and the Resumption of Ocean Warming
Authors: Cha Sang‐Chul , Moon Jae‐Hong , Song Y. Tony 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSince approximately 2011, the tropical Pacific has been sharply shifting toward an opposite phase to that observed in the previous decade. This shift has coincided with a recent resumption of global warming after a hiatus in the 2000s. Based on a model‐data analysis using an ensemble empirical mode decomposition, we identified a distinct low‐frequency mode of the sea level in the tropical Pacific and showed its connection to global ocean warming and the suppression of global warming during the early 2000s, as well as the resumption of warming during recent years. Hindcast and model experiments conducted to illustrate the physical mechanism linking the decadal mode to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation‐related trade winds, which regulate the strength of the Equatorial Undercurrent and the surface temperature of the tropical Pacific Ocean, revealed an El Niño‐like state for the last several years.
Volume and Transport of Eddy‐Trapped Mode Water South of the Kuroshio Extension
Authors: Shi Fei , Luo Yiyong , Xu Lixiao 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMesoscale eddies play an important role in transporting North Pacific subtropical mode water (STMW). Using eddy samples adopted from a 3‐day and 0.1° ocean model output spanning from 1980 to 2014, this study quantifies the eddy‐trapped STMW volume and transport south of the Kuroshio Extension. Based on the shape of their isopycnals, anticyclonic eddies (AEs) in the region are classified into two types. The first type (AE1) has a lens‐like structure of isopycnals, and the second type (AE2) has downward bending isopycnals throughout the pycnocline. In contrast to AE2, a cyclonic eddy is characterized by upward bending isopycnals throughout the pycnocline. Although all three eddy types can trap STMW, the low potential vorticity water within an AE1 is found to be thicker in the spring and better preserved through the rest of the year. A quantitative estimation finds that the STMW volume trapped by an AE1 is approximately 1.5 and 2.5 times larger than the volumes trapped by an AE2 and a cyclonic eddy, respectively. The eddy‐trapped STMW moves primarily westward, with its meridional integration between 25 and 35°N reaching ~1 Sv at 143°E, approximately 17% of the time‐mean total zonal STMW transport there. This study highlights the important role of eddies (particularly the AE1) in carrying STMW westward and thus modulating North Pacific climate variability.
Analysis of Climate Trends and Leading Modes of Climate Variability for MENA Region
Authors: Dogar Muhammad Mubashar , Sato Tomonori 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe Middle East and North Africa (MENA), primarily the Arabian Peninsula (AP), is a region where the rate of mean surface temperature rise per decade is among the highest globally known during the recent past. Moreover, MENA regional climate is very sensitive to internal and external climate drivers. Therefore, it is of significant practical importance to analyze MENA sensitivity to climate trends as well as leading variability modes such as El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), and Indian summer monsoon (ISM). Using multiple regression technique on observations and the high‐resolution atmospheric model output, this study investigates the role of climate trends and leading circulation modes such as NAO, ENSO, and ISM in inducing temperature and precipitation variability in MENA region for the period 1979–2008. Our results show substantial regional temperature and precipitation responses of ENSO, NAO, and ISM over MENA. Both the model and the observations indicate that positive phase of NAO and ENSO significantly cools central parts of MENA, in particular, the AP in winter. However, in boreal summer, the warm ENSO phase produces significant warming and drying over the tropical region. The strengthening (weakening) of ISM suggests cooling (warming) and wetting (drying) over MENA rain‐belt region. Moreover, ISM induces a dipole precipitation structure over the tropics caused by Intertropical Convergence Zone shift and associated cloud distribution. High‐resolution atmospheric model slightly underestimates NAO and ENSO winter cooling over the AP; however, overall patterns are well reproduced. The conducted analysis sheds light on the internal mechanisms of MENA climate variability.
Enhancing the Fast Radiative Transfer Model for FengYun‐4 GIIRS by Using Local Training Profiles
Authors: Di Di , Li Jun , Han Wei , Bai Wenguang , Wu Chunqiang , Menzel W. Paul 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWith the successful launch of FengYun‐4A (FY‐4A), the first satellite in a new Chinese geostationary weather satellite series (FY‐4 series), which carries a high spectral resolution infrared (IR) sounder called GIIRS (Geosynchronous Interferometric Infrared Sounder), and vertical atmospheric profiles can be obtained frequently at the regional scale. A fast radiative transfer model is a key component for quantitative applications of GIIRS radiance measurements, including deriving soundings in near real time for situation awareness and radiance assimilation in numerical weather prediction models. The weighted least squares method on enhancing the accuracy of RTTOV (Radiative Transfer for TOVS) for GIIRS is developed. Besides, currently, fast radiative transfer models for IR sensors are based on global training profiles, since GIIRS is targeted for regional observations; it is beneficial for local weather related applications using local training profiles, which better represent the characteristics of that weather regime. A local training profile data set has been developed for GIIRS using the RTTOV approach, comparisons with line‐by‐line radiative transfer model indicate that weighted least squares method provides better accuracy (smaller root‐mean‐square error) in the brightness temperature simulation for the middlewave band of GIIRS than the ordinary least squares method, and the local training profiles have further remarkable improvements on brightness temperature simulation over the global training profiles, especially for GIIRS longwave band. The methods can be applied to RTTOV development for other IR sensors onboard the geostationary satellites.
Controls on the Formation of Lunar Multiring Basins
Authors: Johnson Brandon C. , Andrews‐Hanna Jeffrey C. , Collins Gareth S. , Freed Andrew M. , Melosh H. J. , Zuber Maria T. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMultiring basins dominate the crustal structure, tectonics, and stratigraphy of the Moon. Understanding how these basins form is crucial for understanding the evolution of ancient planetary crusts. To understand how preimpact thermal structure and crustal thickness affect the formation of multiring basins, we simulate the formation of lunar basins and their rings under a range of target and impactor conditions. We find that ring locations, spacing, and offsets are sensitive to lunar thermal gradient (strength of the lithosphere), temperature of the deep lunar mantle (strength of the asthenosphere), and preimpact crustal thickness. We also explore the effect of impactor size on the formation of basin rings and reproduce the observed transition from peak‐ring basins to multiring basins and reproduced many observed aspects of ring spacing and location. Our results are in broad agreement with the ring tectonic theory for the formation of basin rings and also suggest that ring tectonic theory applies to the rim scarp of smaller peak‐ring basins.
Hurricane‐Induced Changes in the Everglades National Park Mangrove Forest: Landsat Observations Between 1985 and 2017
Authors: Han Xingxing , Feng Lian , Hu Chuanmin , Kramer Philip 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe Everglades National Park (ENP) has one of the largest mangrove forests in the United States, yet due to lack of data and methods, there has been no multidecadal record of detailed changes in its mangrove forests, not to mention their response to periodic hurricanes. Here, based on remote sensing spectroscopy, multisensor cross calibration, spectral normalization, and pixel unmixing, we develop a stepwise method to map distributions and changes of the ENP mangrove forests and other major wetlands cover types (marshes and hardwood hammocks) over the last three decades. The time series of Landsat‐based results indicate statistically significant increasing trend from 1985 to 2017 in the total ENP mangrove coverage with a cumulative increase of 10.2%, which has increased in the inner coastline area but decreased in the outer coastline area. The mangrove coverage also decreased considerably in certain hurricane years (1992, 2005, and 2017), with the largest decrease of 644.9 km2 (46.5% of the mean mangrove area in normal years) occurring in 1993 after Hurricane Andrew. Yet, these large mangrove die‐off areas gradually recovered to prehurricane levels 3–4 years after the passage of major hurricanes. Results also indicate that while the mangrove forests were always damaged by hurricanes, the extent of the damage depended on wind speed, direction, and distance from maximum wind. The findings here could serve as baseline information for future restoration efforts of the ENP ecosystem, and the study also provides a method extendable to other coastal wetland regions.