bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Republic of Indonesia
Authors: Pascoe Daniel 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Chapter 6’s case study on Indonesia, as with the previous three chapters, begins with a description of Indonesia’s death penalty laws, the country’s recent history of executions, and a list of publicly known clemency grants from 1991 to 2016. Thereafter, as with the previous chapter covering Malaysia, Chapter 6 lists several counterbalancing explanations for Indonesia’s ambivalent clemency practice from 1991 to 2016. Of the four jurisdictions under study, Indonesia’s clemency practice is easily the most irregular, seemingly defined more by ad hoc case-based factors and immediate political considerations than by long-term, consistent policies on particular crime and offender categories. As Chapter 6 documents in detail, the inconsistency of clemency over time and between cases is in itself the notable trend in Indonesia. Chapter 6 argues that the medium rate of clemency in Indonesia’s death penalty system is potentially explained by several theoretically informed factors: leniency exercised at earlier stages of capital cases’ progress through the criminal justice system; democratization and Indonesia’s ‘rule of law’ politics in the post-Suharto (1998–) Reformasi (reform) era; the collective pardon of the remaining 1965 ‘coup’ political prisoners by President Habibie in 1999; and finally, Indonesia’s uniquely languid clemency procedures before streamlining reforms in 2010. The first two factors serve to inhibit clemency, whereas the latter two lift Indonesia’s clemency rate to 26–33 per cent, at the very minimum.
What Accounts for Southeast Asia’s Diverse Clemency Practice?
Authors: Pascoe Daniel 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Chapter 7 draws together the findings of each of the preceding four case studies to discuss common patterns and ultimately develop a three-part hypothesis to explain clemency frequency in Southeast Asian death penalty cases over the period of study. The first limb of the hypothesis suggests that jurisdictions whose police, prosecutors, and judiciary are initially able to exercise a great deal of lenient discretion in converting potential capital charges into non-capital sentences (or into acquittals) are not the kind of systems where executive clemency thrives as a remedy against unfair or excessive punishment. The second theoretically supported explanation deriving from the four jurisdictions under analysis is that unelected decision makers are more likely to grant clemency than the elected leaders of democratic or semi-democratic governments. Where unelected final decision-makers such as the king of Thailand, Indonesian presidents Suharto and Habibie, or the Malay hereditary rulers grant clemency, often to bolster their own power and legitimacy before domestic constituents and the international audience, their mass grants of commutation or pardon can greatly increase the historical clemency rate vis-à-vis executions. The third explanatory factor posits that the longer prisoners remain on death row without being executed or removed for other reasons (e.g. escape, or death by natural causes), the more likely they are to be granted clemency. Independent of the political elite’s preferences for or ambivalence over capital punishment, inefficient judicial appeal and clemency petition systems that do not resolve a prisoner’s fate for many years on death row may actually create the conditions for clemency success.
James Joyce's America
Authors: Fox Brian 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
James Joyce’s America is the first study to address comprehensively and integrally the nature of Joyce’s relationship with the United States. It challenges the most prevalent view of Joyce as merely indifferent or hostile towards America, arguing that his works show an increasing level of engagement with American history, culture, and politics that culminates in the abundance of allusions to the United States in Finnegans Wake, the very title of which (from an Irish-American song) signals the importance of America to that work. The focus throughout remains consistently on Joyce’s concept of America within the framework of an Irish history to which his works obsessively return. That is, Joyce’s thematic preoccupation with Ireland and its history corresponds to a formal concentration in this study on America’s relation to that specifically post-Famine history. Within that context, it explores first Joyce’s relation to Irish America and how post-Famine Irish history as Joyce saw it transformed the country from a nation of invasions and settlements to one spreading out across the globe, ultimately connecting Joyce’s response to this historical phenomenon to the diffusive styles of Finnegans Wake. This then leads into discussions on American popular and literary cultures in terms of how they appear in relation to or as a function of the British-Irish colonial context in the post-Famine era, before concluding with a consideration of how Joyce incorporated aspects of his American reception into the Wake.
American Wake
Authors: Fox Brian 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This chapter focuses on Joyce and Irish America. It argues that the phenomenon of Irish emigration to the United States, particularly in the post-Famine period, transformed the culture and society of Ireland in ways in which Joyce was responsive in his writings. The chapter begins with an overview of connections between Ireland and America in the post-Famine period. It then moves on to a discussion of Joyce’s concept of that history as it is expressed in his so-called ‘Triestine writings’ (1907–12). Clear and specific allusions to Irish America are rare in Dubliners, A Portrait, and Ulysses, so the discussion jumps to Finnegans Wake and the significance of Irish America to several key features and characters in that work. It concludes with an analysis of Joyce’s correspondence in the mid-1930s with his son Giorgio as the latter pursued a music career in the United States.
Who Killed James Joyce?
Authors: Fox Brian 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Chapter 4 looks at how Joyce incorporated his American reception into Finnegans Wake , with an emphasis on how the Wake represents Joyce’s attitude towards the sudden imperative between the wars to respond to his reception in America. This includes not only the banning, burning, piracy, and trials of his works in Prohibition America, but also a transatlantic print culture which saw his works as they were serialized being published almost exclusively in American-run Little Magazines aimed at American audiences. Moreover, this chapter argues that while the ‘Americanization of Joyce Studies’ didn’t fully take hold until after the Second World War, Joyce was aware of and responded to incipient moves in that direction
Conclusion
Authors: Fox Brian 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Building on the final chapter’s analysis of Joyce’s reception, the conclusion to this study addresses a subject that has been largely implicit throughout: the predominance of American scholarship in Joyce studies. It also addresses the question of why it has taken so long for an ‘industry’ dominated by Americans to produce a study of America’s role in Joyce’s thinking. At the same time, this conclusion also takes the opportunity to state in a more concise and synoptic manner than has previously been possible precisely what Joyce thought of America. The book’s final gesture is to point beyond itself to work remaining to be done on the broad and many-sided subject of Joyce and America.
Rereading the Shameless Puffery of Modern Charlatans
Authors: Diepeveen Leonard 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Beginning with the work of art critic Kenyon Cox and then turning to the many accusations of fraud levelled against modernism, Chapter 1 gives an account of fraud discourse’s dominance in early twentieth-century culture. Accusations of fraud were commonplace, and unleashed a set of rituals; fraud’s unveiling and fallout is highly stylized, and both narrative and social. These melodramatic moments of modern fraud, for all their lack of nuance, did a lot of work, and are part of a larger category that extends outward, taking on ideas such as insincerity, unclear intent, mimicry, and deception. After presenting a theory of fraud and its enabling conditions, the chapter argues that fraud discourse profoundly shaped the initial response to modernism, the modern canon, and its justifying principles.
Default Settings
Authors: Diepeveen Leonard 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Chapter 2 takes on methodological issues arising from the manner in which fraud discourse entered culture. It considers the place of ordinary intellectuals, and fraud discourse’s large presence in daily and weekly journalism, including the aesthetic principles that could be invoked but did not need to be argued for. It considers how this default aesthetic worked when it was at rest, comfortably interacting with works that responded well to its modes of analysis. It then turns to this aesthetic when it was under stress, dealing with modernist works that resisted its forms of analysis. The chapter then considers modernist criticism’s irritations with the standard criticism of the time, and to the place of evidence in early twentieth-century aesthetic argument. It ends with the function of journalism’s gestures of refusal to engage with modernism, and the functions of jokes and doggerel in that refusal.
Functional Gaussian Approximation for Dependent Structures
Authors: Merlevède Florence , Peligrad Magda , Utev Sergey 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis book has its origin in the need for developing and analyzing mathematical models for phenomena that evolve in time and influence each another, and aims at a better understanding of the structure and asymptotic behavior of stochastic processes. This monograph has double scope. First, to present tools for dealing with dependent structures directed toward obtaining normal approximations. Second, to apply the normal approximations presented in the book to various examples. The main tools consist of inequalities for dependent sequences of random variables, leading to limit theorems, including the functional central limit theorem (CLT) and functional moderate deviation principle (MDP). The results will point out large classes of dependent random variables which satisfy invariance principles, making possible the statistical study of data coming from stochastic processes both with short and long memory. Over the course of the book different types of dependence structures are considered, ranging from the traditional mixing structures to martingale-like structures and to weakly negatively dependent structures, which link the notion of mixing to the notions of association and negative dependence. Several applications have been carefully selected to exhibit the importance of the theoretical results. They include random walks in random scenery and determinantal processes. In addition, due to their importance in analyzing new data in economics, linear processes with dependent innovations will also be considered and analyzed.
Application to the Uniform Laws of Large Numbers for Dependent Processes
Authors: Merlevède Florence , Peligrad Magda , Utev Sergey 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAs mentioned in Chapter 5, one of the most powerful techniques to derive limit theorems for partial sums associated with a sequence of random variables which is mixing in some sense is the coupling of the initial sequence by an independent one having the same marginal. In this chapter, we shall see how the coupling results mentioned in Section 5.1.3 are very useful to derive uniform laws of large numbers for mixing sequences. The uniform laws of large numbers extend the classical laws of large numbers from a single function to a collection of such functions. We shall address this question for sequences of random variables that are either absolutely regular, or ϕ-mixing, or strongly mixing. In all the obtained results, no condition is imposed on the rates of convergence to zero of the mixing coefficients.
Strict and uniform convexity
Authors: Goebel Kazimierz , Prus Stanisław 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWays to classify and measure convexity of balls are described. Properties like strict convexity, uniform convexity, and squareness are discussed. The main tool, the modulus of convexity of a space, is studied. In the case of uniformly convex spaces, nearest point projections and asymptotic centres of sequences are presented.
Uniform smoothness vs uniform convexity
Authors: Goebel Kazimierz , Prus Stanisław 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe aim of the chapter is to present duality between uniform convexity and uniform smoothness. Lindenstrauss formulas relating moduli of convexity and smoothness are discussed as the main tool. A section deals with the notion of noncreasy and uniformly noncreasy spaces.
Measures of noncompactness and related properties
Authors: Goebel Kazimierz , Prus Stanisław 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAttempts to classify properties of the ball B, or the space X, utilizing the notion of measures of noncompactness are presented. They are connected with the Kadec–Klee property. Measures of noncompactness are used to generalize the notion of uniform convexity and smoothness.
Balzac’s ‘Discours à Descartes’
Authors: Gilby Emma 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This chapter gives a detailed analysis of Balzac’s ‘Discours à Descartes’, which Balzac sends on to Descartes in response to the Censura. These seem to have been very much neglected in the critical literature on Descartes. However, and along with the wider correspondence between Descartes and Balzac, they can be seen to anticipate the Discours de la méthode in important ways: they bring to the fore Balzac’s thinking on chance, custom, and practical reason; on his relationship to the Stoics; on themes of conversion and changing minds. These topics again resonate with contemporary literary debate; and may be seen to provide a stock of themes and images on which Descartes will draw.
Attentiveness and Indifference
Authors: Gilby Emma 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This chapter argues that the project of contextualizing Descartes with reference to poetics can also impact our understanding of his mature writings, with a focus here on the common theme of attention. It commences with Descartes’s statements on attentiveness, indifference, judgement, and the problem of error. In the Meditations, Descartes comes up against various problems relating to human hubris, blindness, and bias. In Meditation Four, he pursues a theory of judgement, tackling the interaction of the will and the intellect as they work on the clear and distinct ideas on which his search for truth relies. Here, again, his philosophy resonates with the language of tragedy, as a renowned strand of secondary criticism has noted; the chapter therefore turns to the characterization of Descartes as a ‘tragic’ figure.
Providence and the Passions
Authors: Gilby Emma 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Increasingly, Descartes returns to more practical questions about forms of attentiveness, premeditation, and industry. In his correspondence with the Princess Elisabeth of Bohemia, in the 1647 Letter-preface to the French edition of the Principles of Philosophy, dedicated to Elisabeth, and finally in the Passions de l’âme of 1649, which he had commenced in 1646, Descartes develops his interest in the lived benefits that our philosophy may bring us. Descartes’s later work consistently uses the language of theatre to add an affective dimension to his discussion of the gulf between the human and the ungraspably divine. His use of the extended analogy of God as sovereign finds key expression in the correspondence with Elisabeth, with the renowned example of a king and two duelling gentlemen. This example is also considered for its dramatic resonance.
The Uses of Theatre
Authors: Gilby Emma 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
In this chapter, poetic categories—chance, imagination, wonder—are shown to be a vehicle for enquiry into our proper relationship to the passions. In the correspondence with Elisabeth and the Passions de l’âme, the transformations effected upon the body of the theatrical spectator yield particular insights. We arrive here at the crux of mind-body interaction. The experience of watching a tragedy allows us to perceive the operations of our soul, and to take pleasure in this alertness to its own activity. It constitutes a model of reactive processes that bring new forms of attentiveness with them, along with new dispositions of the will.
Being-in-the-World and Forms of Life
Authors: Egan David 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Division I of Being and Time offers an analysis of Dasein’s average everyday existence. Heidegger’s use of ‘Dasein’ to talk about human beings draws attention to the way in which we are embedded in a world that has significance to us. In particular, he observes how things show up to us within a holistic network of significance as ready-to-hand equipment, which he distinguishes from the atomistic thinghood of presence-at-hand. This account of practical engagement echoes Wittgenstein’s treatment of language as embedded in significant activities and forms of life. For Wittgenstein, a grammatical investigation of our criteria for the use of words is also an investigation of the significant world in which those words have a use.
Wittgenstein’s Pursuit of Authenticity in Philosophy
Authors: Egan David 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
An important difference between Wittgenstein and Heidegger is their use of metaphors of covering and discovery. Heidegger characterizes his phenomenological method as uncovering a concealed ontological framework whereas Wittgenstein insists that ‘nothing is hidden’ and that the only thing to be uncovered is covert nonsense. Wittgenstein’s method is marked by a resolute rejection of a hermeneutics of suspicion and relies instead on using pictures or objects of comparison to dislodge recalcitrant prejudices. The difference from Heidegger on these counts is manifest in Wittgenstein’s treatment of the problematic of realism and idealism. Wittgenstein’s method makes heavy use of questions and dialogue, inviting his readers into a mimetic engagement with the problems he addresses, which contrasts with the diegetic form of Heidegger’s investigation.
Privatization and Globalization of the Internet
Authors: Radu Roxana 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This chapter delves into the salient role of corporate actors in Internet policymaking during the decade of privatization and globalization of the Internet. Market dynamics drove the development of the field and the digital economy shifted attention to the potential of the network in the neoliberal understanding. From the mid-1990s to mid-2000, three major shifts occurred in Internet governance arrangements: they grew in size, scale, and scope. A number of rules for the technical management of the network were defined during this period and the bodies in charge consolidated their institutional structure. The emergence of political contestation also dates back to this period, when the positions of developing countries on key Internet governance issues started to consolidate.
Disaffected Parties
Authors: Havard John Owen 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Disaffected Parties reveals how alienation from politics effected crucial changes to the shape and status of literary form. Recovering the earliest expressions of grumbling, irritability, and cynicism towards politics, this study asks how unsettled partisan legacies converged with more recent discontents to forge a seminal period in the making of English literature—and thereby poses wide-ranging questions about the lines between politics and aesthetics. Reading works including Laurence Sterne’s Tristram Shandy, James Boswell’s Life of Johnson, the novels of Maria Edgeworth and Jane Austen, and the satirical poetry of Lord Byron in tandem with print culture and partisan activity, this book shows how these writings remained animated by disaffected impulses and recalcitrant energies at odds with available party positions and emerging governmental norms—even as they sought to imagine perspectives that looked beyond the divided political world altogether. ‘No one can be more sick of—or indifferent to politics than I am’, Lord Byron wrote in 1820. Between the later eighteenth century and the Romantic age, disaffected political attitudes acquired increasingly familiar shapes. Yet this was also a period of ferment in which unrest associated with the global age of revolutions (including a dynamic transatlantic opposition movement) collided with often inchoate assemblages of parties and constituencies. As writers adopted increasingly emphatic removes from the political arena and cultivated familiar stances of cynicism, detachment, and retreat, their estrangement also promised to loop back into political engagement—and to make their works ‘parties’ all their own.
Burke, Edgeworth, and Ireland’s Discontents
Authors: Havard John Owen 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This chapter re-examines the party-political career of Edmund Burke and the writings of Maria Edgeworth in relation to a deep history of Anglo-Irish ‘discontents’ and their challenges to the ‘count’ of politics. Complicating ‘Burkean’ appeals to hierarchy and order, the chapter uncovers the conflicted party identity that is apparent within writings by and about Edmund Burke, returning to view the various channels of feeling engaged, for example, during his involvement in debates over ‘absentee’ landlords. The chapter goes on to give a reading of The Absentee (1812) that calls attention to recalcitrant elements that exceed systems of representation in Edgeworth’s novel, which remains animated in this reading by those elements left behind, in both senses, by emergent systems of governance. The chapter’s opening section speculates about the role of biography in Lewis Namier’s History of Parliament and asks how the novel form, in the hands of women writers, provided unique vantage points on political systems organized around men.
Austen and the Cultural Logic of Late Toryism
Authors: Havard John Owen 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This chapter revises accounts of the early nineteenth-century rightward turn in Britain by emphasizing that shift’s Tory character and affective dimension. Examining how the cultural logic of this ‘late’ Toryism took shape in and beyond political culture, the chapter takes up Jane Austen’s Mansfield Park (1814) as its central case. Austen’s novel was not only compatible with the reinvention of royal prerogative and increased emphasis on order but actively sought to bolster their operations. Rather than aligning Austen’s authorship entirely with this shift, however, detailed attention to the novel reveals challenges (in the guise of characters who exceed their ‘place’) to the harmonious workings of this wider cultural-political system. The chapter concludes by reflecting on how those elements of Mansfield Park that threaten to elude these channels of control—and the ‘wayward’ heroines of her novels, beginning with Elizabeth Bennet of Pride and Prejudice—call the political status of Austen’s own writings into question.