bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of rumen‐protected folic acid and rumen‐protected sodium selenite supplementation on lactation performance, nutrient digestion, ruminal fermentation and blood metabolites in dairy cows
Authors: Du Hong Sheng , Wang Cong , Wu Zhang Zhi , Zhang Guang Wen , Liu Qiang , Guo Gang , Huo Wen Jie , Zhang Yan Li , Pei Cai Xia , Zhang Shuan Lin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDConsidering the insufficient ruminal synthesis of folic acid (FA), the higher degradability of FA, and the reduction of sodium selenite (SS) by ruminal microbes into non‐absorbable elemental Se, this study evaluated the effects of rumen‐protected FA (RPFA) and rumen‐protected SS (RPSS) on lactation performance, nutrient digestion and blood metabolites in dairy cows.RESULTSDry matter (DM) intake and milk composition were unaltered, milk and milk fat yields were higher for both supplements, and milk protein yield was higher for RPFA addition. Digestibility of DM, neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre was higher for both supplements, whereas that of organic matter and crude protein was higher for RPFA addition. Ruminal pH and ammonia N were lower, and concentration of total volatile fatty acids was higher for both supplements. Activity of cellobiase and xylanase was higher for RPFA addition, whereas that of pectinase and protease was higher for both supplements. The populations of total ruminal fungi, protozoa, Ruminococcus flavefaciens and Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens were higher for both supplements. The RPFA × RPSS interaction was significant for α‐amylase activity, total ruminal bacteria and R. albus populations; these three variables were increased by RPSS but the increase was greater when cows were also fed RPFA.CONCLUSIONThe results indicated that addition of RPFA or RPSS improved lactation performance, nutrient digestibility and ruminal fermentation in dairy cows by stimulating ruminal microbial growth and enzyme activity. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Oat protein concentrate as alternative ingredient for non‐dairy yoghurt‐type product
Authors: Brückner‐Gühmann Monika , Vasil'eva Elena , Culetu Alina , Duta Denisa , Sozer Nesli , Drusch Stephan 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDDuring the industrial production of β‐glucan, a protein‐rich fraction remains as a by‐product. Recovery of this protein as oat protein concentrate (OPC) results in a source of cereal protein for food and improves the overall economy of the process. In this study, a yoghurt‐type product is developed by lactic acid fermentation of an OPC suspension after subjection to heat treatment to assure starch gelatinization.RESULTSIn detail, the process of yoghurt production involved an initial heating step to 90 °C, followed by 24 h fermentation with a starter culture consisting of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus und Streptococcus thermophilus. The resulting yoghurt‐type product was mildly sour (pH 4.2) with a certain amount of lactic acid (3.3 ± 0.2 g kg−1) and contained 4.9 × 106 cfu g−1 lactobacillus after 24 h fermentation. Scanning electron microscopy revealed a porous network presumably built up from the gelatinized starch fraction containing aggregated structures, between which were assumed to be aggregated oat proteins. Moreover, to a limited extent, proteolysis occurred during fermentation. Thus some of the proteolytic enzymes present in the yoghurt culture cleaved oat protein and released peptides. However, the effect on essential amino acids was small.CONCLUSIONThe results of this study provide a deeper knowledge into the role of starch and protein in fermented OPC yoghurts. The structure of fermented OPC verifies the applicability of oat protein as an alternative source for yoghurt‐type products. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
A generalized phenological model for durum wheat: application to the Italian peninsula
Authors: Di Paola Arianna , Ventura Francesca , Vignudelli Marco , Bombelli Antonio , Severini Maurizio 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDA likely increasing demand for varieties mixtures, landraces and genetic diversity in cropping systems will underpin calls for models able to generalize phenological development at the species level, at the same time as providing the expected range of phenological variability. In the present article, we aimed to obtain a generalized phenological model of durum wheat (Triticum durum, Desf.).RESULTSUsing a large phenological dataset embracing field data collected under different sowing dates, varieties and locations over the Italian peninsula, we searched for the phenophases enabling the best linear approximations between developmental rates and air temperature, aiming to minimize the residual variability from drivers other than temperature, as genetic and environmental diversity. The developmental rates of the resulting phases were then examined with respect to the mean daylength to determine possible additional relations with photoperiod. If a correlation with daylength was also present, the developmental rate is calibrated by multiple linear regression, or otherwise by simple linear regression of temperature. The resulting calibration, tested on an independent data subset, confirms that the model is able to generalize wheat development over the Italian peninsula with high accuracy (mean absolute error =3–8 days; r2 = 0.75–0.98), regardless of the wheat variety.CONCLUSIONThe generalized phenological model is potentially suitable for many agro‐ecological and large‐scale applications. It is hoped that the model will aid in situations where phenological observations to parameterize a model are still lacking, as is probably the case for landraces and underutilized crop varieties. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Using artificial neural network in determining postharvest LIFE of kiwifruit
Authors: Mohammadi Torkashvand Ali , Ahmadi Abbas , Gómez Perla A , Maghoumi Mahshad 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDArtificial intelligence systems have been employed for the development of predictive models that estimate many agricultural processes.RESULTSIn present study, the predictive capabilities of artificial neural networks (ANNs) were evaluated with respect to assessing fruit firmness as a postharvest life index, with determinations made at four stages of storage: 1, 60, 120 and 180 days after harvesting. Single concentrations of nitrogen (N), potassium (K), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) on fruit (D1), all of these nutrient concentrations (D2), the ratios of the nutrient concentrations alone (D3), and a combination of nutrient concentrations and their ratios (D4), were considered.CONCLUSIONThe results obtained showed that fruit firmness at 1 and 60 days after harvesting was not influenced by nutrients. However, the ANN model estimated fruit firmness of 120 and 180 days, respectively, for D1 and D3 more accurately than for the D2 and D4 datasets. Application of D3 (nitrogen/calcium ratio) as the input dataset improved predictions of fruit firmness, with a correlation coefficient of 0.85 between the measured and estimated data. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Diagnostic Performance for Hepatic Artery Occlusion After Liver Transplantation: Computed Tomography Angiography Versus Contrast‐Enhanced Ultrasound
Authors: Kim Jin Sil , Kim Kyoung Won , Lee Jeongjin , Kwon Heon‐Ju , Kwon Jae Hyun , Song Gi Won , Lee Sung Gyu 
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this study was to compare the diagnostic performance of computed tomography angiography (CTA) and contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) when used to diagnose significant hepatic artery occlusion (HAO) in patients that was suspected on Doppler ultrasound (US). Among 3465 adult liver transplantations (LTs) performed between January 2010 and February 2018, 329 recipients were suspected of having HAO by Doppler US. In these patients, 139 recipients who had undergone both CTA and CEUS as second‐line studies were included. CTA and CEUS were retrospectively reviewed using the criteria for HAO used in previous studies (CTA, ≥50% stenosis at the anastomosis; CEUS, no HA enhancement or delayed and discontinuous enhancement). The diagnostic values of CTA and CEUS were compared using the McNemar test. CEUS showed statistically significant better accuracy and specificity than CTA in patients with Doppler US abnormality seen after LT (accuracy, 99.3% versus 89.2%, P < 0.001; specificity, 100% versus 83.1%, P < 0.001). CTA had 15 false‐positive diagnoses, and CEUS had 1 false‐negative diagnosis. In conclusion, CEUS showed higher specificity and positive predictive value than CTA for the diagnosis of HAO in selected patients with a Doppler US abnormality. However, even if there is no HAO diagnosed on CEUS, continuous monitoring and follow‐up imaging are required when HAO is strongly suspected in the clinical setting and on CTA.
Novel approaches for air temperature prediction: A comparison of four hybrid evolutionary fuzzy models
Authors: Azad Armin , Kashi Hamed , Farzin Saeed , Singh Vijay P. , Kisi Ozgur , Karami Hojat , Sanikhani Hadi 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe application of a novel method of adaptive neuro‐fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) for the prediction of air temperature is investigated. The paper discusses the improvement of the ANFIS when used with genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), ant colony optimization for continuous domains (ACOR) and differential evolution (DE). For this purpose, three input of multiple variables are selected in order to predict monthly minimum, average and maximum air temperatures for 34 meteorological stations in Iran. The co‐efficient of determination (R2), root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE) and Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) are used as evaluation criteria. A comparison of suggested fuzzy models indicates that the ANFIS with the GA has the best performance in the prediction of maximum temperatures. It decreases the RMSE of the classic ANFIS model in the validation stage from 1.22 to 1.12°C for Mashhad, from 1.26 to 1.01°C for Zahedan, from 1.20 to 0.98°C for Ahvaz, from 1.76 to 1.24°C for Rasht and from 1.21 to 0.95°C for Tabriz.
Association of BCR/ABL transcript variants with different blood parameters and demographic features in Iraqi chronic myeloid leukemia patients
Authors: Khazaal Mahmood S. , Hamdan Farqad B. , Al‐Mayah Qasim S. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundChronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by the presence of BCR‐ABL fusion gene (GenBank accession NC_000022.11). In the vast majority of CML patients, the typical subtype of BCR‐ABL transcript are b3a2, b2a2 or both. The aim of this study was to determine the different subtypes of BCR‐ABL transcript and their impact on the demographic and hematological parameters in Iraqi patients with CML.MethodsOne hundred patients with chronic phase CML (11 newly diagnosed and 89 imatinib‐resistant) were enrolled in this study. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) was extracted from leukocytes, and complementary DNA was created using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction technique. A multiplex polymerase chain reaction with four specific primers was used to determine the BCR‐ABL fusion subtypes in each patient.ResultsMale to female ratio was 1.38:1. Fifty‐nine patients expressed b3a2 transcript, whereas 39 of the remaining cases were positive for b2a2 variant. One case expressed b2a3 transcript, while the last case coexpressed the two subtypes of mRNA b3a2/b2a2. Male and female were significantly associated with b3a2 and b2a2 subtypes, respectively. The b3a2 subtype showed higher total leukocyte count than b2a2 subgroup, while b2a2 variant demonstrated significantly elevated platelet counts compared to those with b3a2 transcript. A significantly higher plateletcrit percentage (PCT%) was found in patients with b2a2 transcript whereas.ConclusionsThe testified Iraqi group expressed M‐BCR‐ABL type with preponderance of b3a2 over b2a2 subtype. There was a gender‐skewed distribution in BCR‐ABL transcript types with b3a2 transcript more prevalent in males. The type of BCR‐ABL transcript is reflected by different leukocyte and platelet counts at diagnosis, which might represent a distinct phenotype and disease biology.
The first family with adult osteogenesis imperfecta caused by a novel homozygous mutation in CREB3L1
Authors: Cayami Ferdy K. , Maugeri Alessandra , Treurniet Sanne , Setijowati Eva D. , Teunissen Bernd P. , Eekhoff Elisabeth M.W. , Pals Gerard , Faradz Sultana M. , Micha Dimitra 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundOsteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a clinically heterogeneous disease characterized by extreme skeletal fragility. It is caused by mutations in genes frequently affecting collagen biosynthesis. Mutations in CREB3L1 encoding the ER stress transducer OASIS are very rare and are only reported in pediatric patients. We report a large family with a novel CREB3L1 mutation, with severe adult clinical presentation.MethodsClinical examination was performed on the family members. Next generation sequencing was performed for the causative genes for OI. The mutation was confirmed in other family members with Sanger sequencing.ResultsA novel homozygous mutation in CREB3L1 was identified in the three affected patients. The parents and siblings who carry the mutation in heterozygous state were clinically unaffected. The three affected siblings, who were reported to have been born healthy, presented very severe progressive skeletal malformations and joint contractures but absence of common OI characteristics including blue sclerae, deafness, and dentinogenesis imperfecta. Resorption of a part of the humerus presumably associated with fracture nonunion and pseudarthrosis.ConclusionWe report a novel homozygous CREB3L1 mutation in a large Indonesian family; the homozygous affected members have survived to adulthood and they present a more severe phenotype than previously reported, expanding the clinical spectrum of OI for this gene.
Human Milk Oligosaccharides Protect against Necrotizing Enterocolitis by Inhibiting Intestinal Damage via Increasing the Proliferation of Crypt Cells
Authors: Wang Chenyuan , Zhang Ming , Guo Huiyuan , Yan Jingyu , Liu Fan , Chen Jianliang , Li Yiran , Ren Fazheng 
Published: June 2019

ScopeNecrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating disease that is highly lethal in premature infants. Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) efficiently reduce the incidence of NEC. However, the protective mechanism of HMO treatment is unknown. It is hypothesized that HMOs protect against NEC by inhibiting the damage to intestinal epithelial cells.Methods and resultsC57BL/6 pups are challenged with hypoxia and cold stress to induce NEC. All pups are sacrificed after 72 h. It is found that HMO administration reduces the concentrations of IL‐8 in the serum and ileum of all NEC mice. Ileum toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) protein expression and nuclear factor kappa‐B (NFκB) pathway activation are inhibited. The proliferative ability of enterocytes in the ileum is restored as determined by labeling with proliferation markers (Ki67, SOX9). In a 3D culture intestinal crypt organoids study, HMO treatment improves the maturation of organoid cells and increases the ratio of proliferative cells under lipopolysaccharides (LPS) treatment. HMO treatment downregulates TLR4 expression in the organoid cells, thus reducing the effect of LPS.ConclusionHMOs protect intestinal epithelial cells from injury by accelerating the turnover of crypt cells by reducing the expression of TLR4 on intestinal epithelial cells.
Serial nerve ultrasound and motor nerve conduction studies in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy
Authors: Niu Jingwen , Li Yi , Liu Tanxin , Ding Qingyun , Cui Liying , Guan Yuzhou , Zhang Lei , Liu Mingsheng 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe objective of this study was to evaluate the correlation between cross‐sectional area (CSA) and nerve conduction studies (NCS) in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) and to determine how CSA changes over time after standard treatment.MethodsFifty‐four patients with CIDP were recruited prospectively, and 21 patients were followed for more than 6 months. Ultrasonography and motor NCS were performed in the median and ulnar nerves.ResultsNo or weak correlation was observed between the maximum CSA and motor conduction velocity. There were segmental nerve enlargements at 61% of sites with conduction block or temporal dispersion. Among 19 patients with clinical improvement after immunotherapy, CSA decreased to normal in 5, increased in 10, and were unchanged in 4.DiscussionDifferent patterns of CSA and motor NCS changes after immune treatment may indicate different CIDP pathologic mechanisms. Exploration of these pathologic mechanisms could guide treatment choices in the future. Muscle Nerve, 2019
Transport Map sampling with PGD model reduction for fast dynamical Bayesian data assimilation
Authors: Rubio Paul‐Baptiste , Louf François , Chamoin Ludovic 
Published: June 2019

SummaryThe motivation of this work is to address real‐time sequential inference of parameters with a full Bayesian formulation. First, the proper generalized decomposition (PGD) is used to reduce the computational evaluation of the posterior density in the online phase. Second, Transport Map sampling is used to build a deterministic coupling between a reference measure and the posterior measure. The determination of the transport maps involves the solution of a minimization problem. As the PGD model is quasi‐analytical and under a variable separation form, the use of gradient and Hessian information speeds up the minimization algorithm. Eventually, uncertainty quantification on outputs of interest of the model can be easily performed due to the global feature of the PGD solution over all coordinate domains. Numerical examples highlight the performance of the method.
Nurse staffing models in acute care: A descriptive study
Authors: Thériault Marianne , Dubois Carl‐Ardy , Borgès da Silva Roxane , Prud’homme Alexandre 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimsTo identify nurse staffing groups in acute care facilities.DesignThis retrospective descriptive study used a configurational approach.MethodsData from a two‐month target period from January–March 2016 were collected for 40 facilities in four different hospitals in one of the largest regions of Quebec. Multiple factorial analysis and hierarchical ascendant classification were used to generate a limited number of nurse staffing groups.Results/FindingsFour distinct nurse staffing groups emerged from this study. The least resourced model relied mainly on less qualified personnel and agency staff. The moderately resourced basic model was assessed as average across all staffing dimensions, but employed less overtime, relying mostly on auxiliary nurses. The moderately resourced professional group, also moderate in most variables, involved more overtime and fewer less qualified personnel. The most resourced group maximized highly qualified personnel and minimized instability in the nursing team.ConclusionThis study covered multiple staffing groups with widely varying characteristics. Most groups entailed risks for quality of care at one or more levels. Few care units approached the theoretical staffing ideal.
Exploring the use of Facebook as a marketing and branding tool by hospital foundations
Authors: Bali Suchita , Bélanger Charles H. 
Published: June 2019

This study investigated how Ontario (Canada) hospital foundations use Facebook for branding, community outreach, and fundraising. The target sample included all hospital foundations in Ontario that have a presence on Facebook (N = 81). Rich, qualitative Facebook data were collected over a 7‐month period, from the beginning of June 2016 to the end of December 2016, to get a better understanding of the marketing strategies implemented by the foundations. Results were gauged against some of the best practices for Facebook marketing in order to determine practical implications and conclusions for hospital foundations. Overall, hospital foundations are aware of the utmost importance of personalizing their messages, but they are way short of Facebook benchmarks, including Frequency of Posts and Media Type Used.
An Indian story on carbon emission, energy consumption, trade openness, and financial development
Authors: Menon Priyanka 
Published: June 2019

This paper empirically studies the impact of energy consumption, financial development, and trade openness on India's carbon emission for 1971 to 2014 and validates the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis for India. The Autoregressive Distributed‐lagged model (ARDL) bound test is used to test the existence of cointegration among the key variables. The results exhibit a U‐shaped relationship between carbon emission and energy consumption in the long run. Through this study, we find out the maximum threshold value of energy consumption per capita to 757 kg of oil equivalent, which is above the current consumptions levels—indicating a rise in carbon emission shortly.Further, the long‐run results show that a 1% increase in trade openness will decrease carbon emission by 0.11%, which is a display of technological effect over scale effect and composition effect. Financial development does not exhibit a significant relation to carbon emission. The results are in line with the literature on climate change in emerging countries. This empirical work gives some insight into policy issues that have to be looked into further.
Things that matter: Adolescent and young adult patients’ priorities during cancer care
Authors: Graetz Dylan , Fasciano Karen , Rodriguez‐Galindo Carlos , Block Susan D. , Mack Jennifer W. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundAdolescents and young adults (AYAs) experience cancer while balancing emerging identity and life goals. We investigated AYAs’ priorities during cancer, including psychosocial concerns, cure‐directed therapy, and potential late effects.MethodsWe surveyed 203 cancer patients aged 15–29 treated at Dana‐Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, and their oncologists. Patients were approached and rated the importance of aspects of treatment, outcomes, and life during therapy. Response options were “extremely,” “very,” “somewhat,” “a little important,” or “not at all important.” Ratings of “extremely” or “very important” were used as indicators of strong priorities.ResultsPatients’ three most frequent priorities were cure (97%), being good to the people they care about (95%), and having supportive people around them (94%). Most prioritized being with family (90%), returning to school/work (89%), maintaining relationships with friends (88%), and feeling normal (85%). Fewer prioritized minimizing long‐term (78%) and acute side effects (68%) and fertility (59%). Many participants (88%) said that cure influenced their decisions “a great deal,” while fewer were influenced by side effects (32%), fertility (36%), or relationships (16%). Most patients (85%) thought their oncologist understood what was most important to them when treatment started.ConclusionNearly all AYA cancer patients prioritize cure, while maintaining social relationships and a sense of normalcy. These priorities influence decisions they make about treatment to differing degrees, with cure influencing decision‐making for most patients. Although the priority of cure is well established, recognizing other AYA priorities allows providers to optimally support these patients from the time of diagnosis.