bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Encapsulation of metronidazole in polycaprolactone microspheres
Authors: Kassab Rima , Moussa Dima , Saliba Cherine , Yammine Paolo 
Published: January 2019

Non-aqueous oil-in-oil solvent evaporation technique is used for the preparation of polycaprolactone microspheres loaded with the antibiotic metronidazole by introducing different masses for the drug. The prepared microspheres are characterized by calculating drug encapsulation and drug loading percentages, measuring the corresponding particle size, performing FT-IR polymer-drug compatibility study and in vitro drug release. Moderate drug encapsulation values with a maximum of 34% are observed due to the low molecular weight of the drug. Microspheres had a particle size ranging between 130 and 280 µm with a spherical profile and porous structure. FT-IR study showed no interactions between the drug and the polymer. Drug release studies showed fast release rates for all the formulations with the slowest release for the highest drug loading.
Keywords: polycaprolactone, metronidazole, targeted drug delivery, solvent evaporation.
Correlation of level of expression of Wnt Signaling Pathway Inhibitor Dickkopf-1 with disease activity in Elderly patients of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A cross sectional study
Authors: SINGH ANUP 
Published: January 2019

Objective: To correlate the level of Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) and its role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients of elderly age group.
Methods: Serum samples were collected elderly RA patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria coming to Geriatric outdoor clinic between June 2018 to September 2018. DKK-1 was detected by ELISA. Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, erythrocyte sedimentation rates (ESR), rheumatoid factor (RF) titers, and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody were also measured in patients with RA.
Results: Twenty one patients were enrolled in study period. The serum level of DKK-1 was significantly higher in patients with severe RA with high DAS score (p < 0.01); The serum DKK-1 level was correlated with T-score (r= -0.588; p = 0.005), Z-Score(r= -0.458, p = 0.037) and the larson score of radiologic change (r = +0.673, p = 0.001) in RA, however not correlated significantly with ESR, CRP.
Conclusion: DKK-1 may serve as a biomarker of bone erosion and correlates with the disease activity in RA patients of elderly age group.
Keyword: DKK 1, Rheumatoid arthritis, Geriatric, Osteoporosis.
A elaboração de situações de proporção simples numa formação continuada.
Authors: Milagre Pedro Henrique 
Published: January 2019

Esta pesquisa tem o objetivo de analisar a estrutura das situações-problema, que dão sentido aos conceitos de proporção simples, que foram elaboradas por professores durante uma formação continuada. Sendo desenvolvida no âmbito do Observatório da Educação 2013/2017, por meio do projeto intitulado “Um estudo sobre o domínio das Estruturas Multiplicativas no Ensino Fundamental”, sob o número 15727, financiado pela Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior e desenvolvido em rede, nos estados da Bahia, Ceará e Pernambuco. Nessa pesquisa adotamos como aporte teórico a Teoria dos Campos Conceituais, mais especificamente o Campo Conceitual Multiplicativo, proposta por Gérard Vergnaud. Caracteriza-se em uma abordagem qualitativa, de caráter descritivo. Envolve 11 professores que ensinam Matemática do 1º ao 6º ano do Ensino Fundamental, de duas escolas do sul da Bahia. Coletamos dados em quatro encontros da formação continuada, por meio de dois instrumentos. No primeiro instrumento, aplicado no primeiro e último encontro, propusemos que os professores elaborassem, individualmente e sem material de consulta, oito situações-problema distintas envolvendo multiplicação ou divisão. O segundo instrumento foi um Relatório de Atividade Planejada, no qual os professores, em grupo, elaboravam duas situações-problema, inerentes do Campo Conceitual Multiplicativo, tratado naquele encontro da formação e, descreviam como iriam trabalhar estas situações em sala de aula, destes, utilizaremos os relatórios preenchidos no segundo e terceiro encontros da formação, nos quais foram trabalhados os conceitos de proporção simples, classe um para muitos, objeto matemático dessa pesquisa. Para análise das situações-problema de proporção simples, elaboradas no início, durante e no final do processo formativo utilizamos duas categorias: ausência de informações e informações suficientes. Os resultados obtidos até o momento são iniciais, mas apontam que o percentual de situações de proporção simples, classe um para muitos, que possuíam uma estrutura com ausência de informações diminuiu de forma significativa com o processo formativo, de 49% no início, para 30% no final. Dessa forma, observamos que apesar da análise dos dados ainda ser restrita, esse estudo já trás indicativos de contribuições do processo formativo.
UM PRESENTE NÃO INTENCIONAL DO BRASIL PARA O MUNDO: A PEDAGOGIA DO OPRIMIDO DE PAULO FREIRE, CINQUENTA ANOS DEPOIS
Authors: Shor Ira 
Published: January 2019

O texto contextualiza, brevemente, o trabalho do diretor de alfabetização Paulo Freire, no governo João Goulart, que culminou com o golpe militar de 1964. Durante os tempos sombrios de ditadura civil-militar, no Brasil, que permaneceram até 1985, foi publicada, pela primeira vez, em 1970, a Pedagogia do Oprimido, influente livro de Freire, nascido para a esperança e a democracia. Proibida no Brasil, essa obra seria lida por milhões de pessoas em todo o mundo. Emergindo de um movimento democrático crescente no Brasil, na década de 1950, a pedagogia de Freire ensinou analfabetos a ler e escrever em apenas 40 horas. Para Paulo Freire, ao longo de sua vida e trabalho, as questões essenciais do seu livro mais famoso permaneceram: Que tipo de sociedade é essa em que vivemos? É justa, democrática e igualitária? Que tipo de mundo queremos? Como é que vamos chegar lá, a partir daqui? Estas perguntas foram amplificadas em uma escala global, quando uma história triste e um destino trágico forçaram Paulo Freire a sair do Brasil por 15 anos, em um momento de grande vigor de sua vida profissional, durante o qual ele se tornou um presente não intencional do Brasil para o mundo.Poucos livros têm sido tão amplamente debatidos, citados, antologizados, e também usados para a formação de professores mantendo, cinquenta anos depois, um apelo extraordinário.
CURRÍCULO RELACIONAL NA AMAZÔNIA: A DESNATURALIZAÇÃO DA ORFANDADE EDUCATIVA NA DIVERSIDADE
Authors: Feldmann Marina Graziela , Da Silva Maria Nazaré Corrêa 
Published: January 2019

Este trabalho revela a investigação sobre uma prática docente extensionista desenvolvida na Tríplice Fronteira Brasil-Peru-Colômbia-Sudoeste do Amazonas. Estuda um conjunto de alternativas curriculares para a formação de professores alfabetizadores de jovens, adultos e idosos denominados aqui de “órfãos das letras” na diversidade étnica amazônica, sob a ótica dos sujeitos e gestores públicos no período de 2003 a 2010. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, desdobrada em vários momentos deste trabalho, ora buscando desvelar a política de superação do iletrismo ora expondo os fenômenos naturalizados no contexto da educação dos povos da floresta na Amazônia profunda. No primeiro momento apresentamos o contexto da ação na contradição da exuberância regional, ao mesmo tempo em que constatamos o abandono das populações tradicionais, subtraídas dos seus direitos mais fecundos como educação e saúde. A base teórica apoiou-se nas contribuições de Paulo Freire, Karel Kosik, Samuel Benchimol, Triviños, Michel Lowy, Gimeno Sacristán, Gonzáles Arroyo, bem como nos documentos oficiais: “Cartas do Amazonas”, “Espaço do Alfabetizador”. Foi possível reconhecermos a possibilidade do ensino não cartilhado e a valorização dos saberes das comunidades tradicionais na cotidianidade da prática docente. As interferências dos atores institucionais, enquanto fenômenos externos foram confirmados nesse cenário, e, relatórios de atividades dos sujeitos curriculares foram sinalizadores de aproveitamento da prática docente partindo da fala dos sujeitos trazendo a esperança de um currículo emancipatório fortalecido com reflexões e proposituras.
PERANCANGAN SISTEM POMPA PARALEL DENGAN DAYA BERVARIASI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KAPASITAS AIR
Authors: Febrianto Ifan , Khabib Masruki , Nugraha Bachtiar Satya 
Published: January 2019

Sistem pompa paralel adalah sebuah sistem yang terdiri dari beberapa unit pompa, sistem perpipaan dan panel kontrol yang dihubungkan untuk dapat menghasilkan kapasitas air yang lebih besar selain itu bisa sebagai pompa cadangan ketika pompa yang satu sedang rusak atau pompa dalam proses perbaikan. Tujuan perancangan sistem pompa paralel adalah untuk mendapatkan peningkatan kapasitas air dengan menggunakan variasi daya pompa. Metode yang digunakan dimulai dengan study literature, analisa kebutuhan alat, pembuatan desain, perancangan dan perhitungan rangka, kapasitas air, tekanan air dan head, kemudian simulasi gambar. Penelitian ini telah dihasilkan perancangan sistem pompa paralel dengan daya bervariasai dengan daya pompa 75 watt, 125 watt, dan 200 watt. Kapasitas pompa parallel 139,88 liter permenit, dan tekanan 3,86 kg/cm², dengan head loss 1,49 m.
PELAKSANAAN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PT. INDONESIA POWER UPJP KAMOJANG
Authors: Muhammad Cita Insaniah , Raharjo Santoso Tri , Resnawaty Risna 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT The concept of corporate social responsibility has been around for thousands of years. The concept of corporate social responsibility has increasingly developed at the beginning of the industrial revolution which began to focus on the problem of corporate responsibility. The implementation of CSR is considered as an effort to create good companies in the public eye. John Elkinkon through the concept of "3P" (profit, people and planet) as a way for companies to survive by making a positive contribution to society (people) and actively taking part in preserving the environment (planet). Budimantara also explained the type of CSR implementation, namely community relations, community services, and community empowering. This study uses the literature study method as an analytic tool. The data used are primary data from interviews and student data. ABSTRAK Konsep corporate social responsibility sudah ada sejak ribuan tahun yang lalu. Konsep corporate social responsibility ini semakin berkembang pada awal masa revolusi industri yang mulai berfokus pada masalah tanggung jawab perusahaan. Pelaksanaan CSR dianggap sebagai upaya untuk menciptakan baik perusahaan dimata publik. John Elkinkon melalui konsep “3P” (profit, people, dan planet) sebagai cara bagi perusahaan ingin bertahan dengan memberikan kontribusi positif kepada masyarakat (people) dan ikut aktif dalam menjaga kelestarian lingkungan (planet). Budimantara juga menjelaskan tipe pelaksanaan CSR yaitu community relations, community services, dan community empowering. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi literatur sebagai tools analysist. Data yang digunakan data primer dari wawancara dan data sekuder.
Endocrine disruptive compounds and male reproduction
Authors: Michal Ješeta , Eva Chmelíková , Igor Crha , Markéta Sedmíková , Jana Žáková , Pavel Ventruba 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Endocrine disruptors (EDs) are chemical substances that affect physiological processes in the organism via hormonal regulation. The EDs are present in the environment and objects of everyday use. They are often detected in food, particularly released from packaging of canned food, but also from plastic water bottles, and they are also found in cosmetics and fertilizers. They are commonly detected in children's toys, banknotes, receipts and many more objects. Permanent and long-term utilization of EDs has harmful effects on human reproductive health mainly by interference with sex hormone synthesis and mechanism of action. The endocrine disruptors show many negative effects on male reproductive system. Any change during synthesis or activity of sex hormones can cause abnormal reproduction, including developmental anomalies of the sexual system, disruption of testicular development or deterioration of sperm quality. Mainly the impact on the development of testicles in prenatal and early postnatal period can be crucial for reproductive health in males. This review provides an overview of the EDs and their possible impact on reproductive health in males with focus on sperm quality and development of testicles.
The influence of selected risk factors on premature birth - statistical research
Authors: Borowiec Blanka , Hadada Tomasz , Kosińska Magdalena 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
For a very long time, scientists have been interested in preterm births, which are an extremely interesting object of research, and are worth investigating in context of a vast number of new clinical applications. A number of factors may contribute to the early termination of pregnancy, including groups related to the conditions of mother's organism. In this work, it was examined whether environmental, maternal and fetal factors could affect normal time of birth. Variables that were considered to influence the length of prenatal development were categorized as biological, describing the state of mother's health and pregnancy, and those describing the socio-economic status of parents. The research material was subjected to exploratory analysis. For categorized variables, numerical tables were constructed, and for quantitative variables the basic measures of position and variability were presented (mean, minimum, maximum, standard deviation, median, quartile distribution). To analyze the differences in the frequency distributions of the examined variables, the χ2 tests were used. To estimate the duration of the pregnancy of the tested mothers, the survival analysis (the product limit method - Kaplan-Meier method) was applied. The analysis showed a statistically significant effect on the duration of pregnancy and the nature of its course, indicating a shortening of pregnancy in the presence of risk factors (χ2=196,23; df = 4; p<0,001). The course of the curves shows an increase in the frequency of premature delivery in the case of clinically diagnosed risk factors. This will certainly provide a strong basis for improving the care of premature newborns and minimizing the risk for the mother.
Forgotten Topological Index of Line Graphs of Some Chemical Structures in Drugs
Authors: Mehak Gul E , Bhatti Akhlaq Ahmad 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
A large number of drug experiments revealed that there exists strong inherent relation between the drugs molecular structures and the bio-medical and pharmacology characteristics. Due to the effectiveness for pharmaceutical and medical scientists of their ability to grasp the biological and chemical characteristics of new drugs, forgotten topological index was defined to analyze the drug molecular structures. This index is applicable for testing the chemical and pharmacological properties of drug molecular structures that can make up for lack of chemical experiments and can provide a theoretical basis for the manufacturing of drugs which is widely welcomed in developing areas. In this paper, based on the drug molecular structure analysis and vertex dividing technique with respect to their degrees, we present the forgotten topological index of the line graphs of several popular chemical structures which is quite common in drug molecular graphs.
Influence of Concentrations of Methacrylate and Acrylate Monomers on the Properties of Fiber Reinforced Polymethyl Methacrylate Denture Base Materials
Authors: Tugut Faik , Turgut Mehmet , Saraydin Dursun 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the effects of adding different concentrations of 2 hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA), ethyl methacrylate (EA) and isobutyl methacrylate (IBMA) monomers on the structural, thermal and mechanical properties of a fiber reinforced heat-polymerized acrylic resin. For each test, 126 acrylic resin specimens were fabricated and divided into 6 groups with 7 specimens each. One group was the control group, the other one is a fiber reinforced group and others were the test groups, which were formed according to the different concentrations of monomers. 6 mm length, and the weight ratio of 3% short glass fibers are added to acrylic powder polymerized by heating. The 2%, 5%, 10%, at 20 % ratios of different comonomers added to a monomer of MMA are composed of copolymer structures. Flexural strength was assessed with a three-point bending test using a universal testing machine. Impact strength testing was conducted using an impact test machine by the Charpy method. The analysis of the connection between acrylic resin and fiber by SEM and structural changes in the acrylic resin was investigated by FTIR spectroscopy. Data analyses using analysis of Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests (α=0.05) significant difference tests showed that adding 2%, 5% HEMA and IBMA monomers significantly increased the flexural and impact strength compared to the control, only fiber and others group (P< 0.05). It is observed that the process of adding low concentration of HEMA and IBMA monomers improved certain mechanical properties of fiber reinforced with polymethylmethacrylate.
Possibilities of Psychological Intervention on Social Networks
Authors: Madro Marek 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Introduction:
Nowadays we are looking for help and answers to our questions more and more often on the Internet. People use social networks to search for communities or groups whose members experience similar difficulties. These are often online groups that focus on psychological problems, domestic violence, etc. Members receive instant feedback and at the same time, due to the online disinhibition effect, they do not feel the fear, shame or worries they would feel in personal contact (Griffiths, 2005). The content of such self-help groups is not always helpful, but may rather induce pathological behaviour. However, the group administrator can influence the atmosphere in the group and its content itself (Niwa & Mandrusiak, 2012).

Purpose:
The purpose of this research was to find a space to perform professional psychological interventions inside online self-help groups on social networks. The concept of a field worker was used in this research. The field worker offers helping services to clients in an environment natural to them and where the worker can provide the client with emergency help during the crisis and prevent other clients from offering risk advices (Ambrózová, Vitálošová, & Labáth, 2006).

Methods:
We have conducted qualitative research using the method of content-frequency analysis. The sample for this study consisted of 10 closed online self-help groups focusing on topics such as depression, anxiety disorder, domestic violence, self-injurious and suicidal thoughts and tendencies, etc. For the purpose of this research we created an online group moderated by professionals, focusing on similar topics of mental disorders.

Conclusions:
The research results indicated that group members exchanged useful information (35.43%), described their current difficulties they were experiencing (32.33%), shared their own experiences (10.53%), and also published information on what had helped them manage the difficult feelings and situations they had been experiencing (6.39%). However, we also identified risky statements and threatening recommendations in posts and comments. Based on the results, we outlined the possibilities of online field worker interventions and described techniques of interventions that the professional can use for the benefit of group members.
Inclusion, Diversity, Equality in Non-Formal Education through the Optic of Youth and Youth Workers
Authors: Brestovanský Martin , Gubricová Janette , Liberčanová Kristína , Bizová Naďa , Geršicová Zuzana 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Introduction:
The aim of the study was to find out what is the understanding of relatively new terms coming into the cultures of Middle-European countries – inclusion, diversity, and equality (hereinafter referred to as IDE) – from the point of view of young people (n=30) and youth workers (n=16) in Slovakia.

Methods:
For data gathering, we used a method of focus groups (4 meetings). Data analysis was based on three criteria: consistency in understanding the terms, an overview of types of obstacles that keep young people from self-realisation and an explicit or implicit expression of understanding the basic principles of inclusion in education. The content of IDE terms was mostly from the area of the social field. The term diversity was closely explained in the psychological-personal fields.

Results:
The most frequent obstacles for applying IDE approaches were seen in the social, health and religious spheres. From the pedagogical and methodological point of view, the problem is also in the difficulty of preparing the projects based on the principles of IDE while the youth workers proclaim autonomy in solutions and do not trust the possibilities of using general methods because of specific need resulting from the specific context of their work. Also, they proclaim natural applying of the IDE principles and the existence of specific needs in the informal education does not represent any problem for the inclusion of the group members in the activities of the organisation.

Limitations:
Work with youth is very varied. Performs in different areas of life and also involves working with different groups of young people. The selected research sample consists of youth and youth workers who are only a partial sample of the sample. It is assumed that in a larger group of respondents (both youth workers and youths themselves), respondents' views may differ somewhat in some of the areas studied.

Conclusions:
This research provides information on understanding, implementation and obstacles to applying the principles of inclusion, equality and diversity in practice. We believe that the information we receive is very valuable as it opens the imaginative door to the specific kitchens of individual youth organizations where these principles are directly implemented. They show their nature of application in practice, they suggest some risks, as well as a certain bias towards the application of the terms emerging (probably?) from theory. As can be seen from the results of our research, the emergence of specific needs in non-formal education in practice does not pose a problem in the inclusion of group members in leisure activities.
Some quality parameters of mustards from the Romanian market
Authors: Damian Cristina , Leahu Ana , Ropciuc Sorina , Oroian Mircea-Adrian 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Five commercial mustards, made by different manufacturers, were studied to examine their physico-chemical properties and to establish relationships between those properties. Physico-chemical analysis revealed distinct differences between the mustards in the dry matter and extract contents and smaller differences in the protein, fat and ash levels. Two of the investigated mustards did not satisfy the requirements of the relevant Romanian standard regarding dry matter content. Statistical analysis of the results showed significant linear correlations between the dry matter, fat, protein and ash contents of mustards and some parameters of rheological model.