bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunological Aspects of Depressive Disorder - The Review
Authors: Vojvodic Jovana , Mihajlovic Goran , Andonov Ana , Markovic Milos , Djordjevic Jelena , Vojvodic Petar 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Depression represents a mood disorder and is considered to be one of the most common mental disorders in general. World Health Organization estimates that depression will be the leading cause of disability-adjusted life years, until 2030. Depression is a complex heterogeneous disorder where immune system and its regulation play an important role. Innate and adaptive immunity mechanisms are included, along with processes of immune activation and suppression. The expression of humoral factors of innate immunity, especially pro-inflammatory cytokines, is increased, whereas the intensity of cellular immune mechanisms, primarily T cells and NK cells, are impaired. The influence of pro- inflammatory cytokines on depression is reflected in their effect on certain enzymes and ensuing reduction of neurotransmitters serotonin and dopamine. They also affect the neuroendocrine function in central nervous system, resulting in increase of cortisol levels and inactivation of glucocorticoid receptors in the periphery, which leads to neurodegeneration and decrease in neurotransmitter production. Certain cytokines affect neuroplasticity through the decreasing of concentration of neurotrophic brain factor and induction of brain cell apoptosis. The results are often contradictory talking about mechanisms of adaptive immunity. On one hand, an increased activity of Tlymphocytes is observed, while on the other, there are evidence of spontaneous apoptosis and impaired function of these cellsin depression. In addition, neuroprotective role of autoreactive and regulatory T cells in prevention of depression has also been demonstrated. The aim of this paper is to analyze the current knowledge on the role of immune mechanisms in the pathogenesis of depression.
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN KOMUNIKASI MATEMATIK SISWA SMK MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN SOFTWARE CABRI 3D
Authors: Adirakasiwi Alpha Galih 
Published: February 2019

This research purpose of this article is to know the increase of the ability of mathematical communication based on the learning software cabri on 3D material. Research method used is quasi experiment with group design control post. The experimental units is two classes which use learning with software cabri 3D, and conventional learning. The subject of this research is thirty students class XI SMK in Karawang. Instrument used to measure mathematical communication ability is written test in explanation form. The result of data analysis shows that learning with using software cabri 3D gave influence to the increasing of mathematical communication ability on three dimension material. The average score of control group is 20,73, and the average score of treatment group is 24,97
Profundezas no céu
Authors: Soler Mariana Galera , Nunes Maria de Fátima , Lopes Maria Margaret 
Published: February 2019

Esqueletos e modelos de baleias são recorrentes em museus de história natural. A partir de uma coletânea de casos europeus e americanos, este display é utilizado como ferramenta de análise e interface entre campos do conhecimento. Por meio das discussões sobreos desafios expográficos impostos pela anatomia dos cetáceos é evidenciada a circulação de teorias, técnicas curatoriais, esquemas, objetose profissionais, temas pertinentes à História das Ciências. No âmbito da Museologia, é abordada polissemia dos objetos em exposições. Considerando que baleias suspensas estão presentes em exposições científicasdesde o século XIX, nota-se que os significados imbuídos transcendem a comunicação de conceitos científicos, remetendo a mitologias, pautas institucionais ou cultura de massa e fetiche, fatores que também determinam sua presença em exposições.
Uma Mente Embebida na Cultura
Authors: Abrantes Paulo 
Published: February 2019

Este artigo investiga o papel que a cultura desempenha em diferentes cenários para a evolução humana. A primeira parte expõe os elementos básicos de uma explicação da capacidade da mente humana para atingir ordens mais elevadas de intencionalidade, tomando como referência a tese da complexidade do ambiente social e a hipótese da inteligência social. Explora-se as implicações dessas teses para a questão de como evoluiu, na linhagem hominínea, uma modalidade de aprendizagem social que possibilitou a acumulação cultural. A partir desse pano de fundo, expõe-se como Richerson e Boyd explicam a evolução da ultrassociabilidade humana pressupondo uma interação entre herança cultural e herança genética e traça-se um paralelo com a história natural que nos oferece Tomasello das origens da cultura humana e do papel que desempenha na coordenação social. A segunda parte do artigo é uma tentativa de explicitar, nesses e em outros cenários, algumas imagens de natureza humana que são pressupostas tacitamente. Para tanto, discute-se vários temas: a ambivalência entre conflito e cooperação no tratamento da evolução humana; a sempre renovada controvérsia entre adaptacionistas e construtivistas; e a possibilidade de um vínculo mais estreito entre os processos de desenvolvimento e de evolução. Ao final são esboçadas algumas idéias, com um caráter programático, sobre como essas imagens se articulam com outras: relativas à linguagem, como traço distintivo da nossa espécie, e à arquitetura da mente humana.
REVISÃO SOBRE LASERTERAPIA EM PACIENTES COM MUCOSITE CAUSADAS POR RADIOTERAPIA
Authors: França Kamila Lustosa 
Published: February 2019

A neoplasia é uma patologia originada por divisões descontroladas das células, que por algum mecanismo, sofrem alterações genéticas se tornando neoplásicas ou cancerígenas[c1] . Essas células têm grande poder de invadir outros tecidos por meio da circulação sanguínea ou linfática. A radioterapia utiliza radiação ionizante com intuito de inibir as divisões celulares levando-as à morte. Utilizando de radioterapia para o tratamento do câncer o organismo apresenta efeitos adversos, sendo a mucosite uma das reações mais prevalente nos pacientes. O uso da laserterapia aparece como uma das alternativas de melhor resposta na cicatrização da inflamação da mucosa bucal. O objetivo do estudo foi realizar uma revisão narrativa da literatura dos mais recentes artigos publicados, de 2000 a 2017, que comprovem o uso eficaz desta aplicação de laserterapia. Esta revisão bibliográfica mostrou que o uso da laserterapia para minimizar a mucosite dos pacientes tratados melhorou a mastigação, deglutição e até a fala destes. Os dados demonstraram também que ao tratar a mucosite evita-se a evasão do paciente do tratamento radioterápico. Tal fato possibilita, consequentemente, um aumento expressivo na chance de cura dos enfermos com relação à neoplasia.
Radioablação no Tratamento de Metástase Hepática de Neoplasia Colorretal: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Calheiros Walter Reis 
Published: February 2019

Neoplasia colorretal destaca-se como um sério problema de saúde pública, principalmente, em decorrência da crescente exposição a fatores de risco ambientais e da modificação de hábitos de vida da população. O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar os fatores de sucesso na aplicação da radioablação no tratamento de metástases hepáticas de neoplasia colorretal. Através da pesquisa bibliográfica, verificou-se que devido às suas características físicas, é possível administrar doses de ablação por radiofrequência (radioablação), no volume-alvo, para gerar calor local, visando à coagulação e destruição de lesões malignas. Constatou-se que diante dos constantes avanços tecnológicos, a radioablação tem-se revelado como um tratamento ideal contra metástases hepáticas. Assim, perante as informações recolhidas, confirma-se que os resultados da aplicação de radioablação tem se tornado um grande aliado no tratamento e cura de metástase hepática, onde a engenharia biomédica muito tem colaborado para esse fim.
Palavras-chave: Radioablação, Metástase Hepática, Neoplasia Colorretal, Engenharia Biomédica
Phylogenetic Relationships of Turbot Species (Scophthalmidae) Inferred from the Mitochondrial COIII Gene and Morphological Characters
Authors: TURAN Cemal , IVANOVA Petya , GÜRLEK Mevlüt , YAĞLİOĞLU Deniz , ERGÜDEN Deniz , KARAN Serpil , DOĞDU Servet A. , UYAN Ali , ÖZTÜRK Bayram , NİKOLOV Venelin , RAYKOV Violin , DOBROVOLOV İvan , KHANAYCHENKO Antonia 
Published: February 2019

In this study, the validity, distribution and structure of three turbot species, Scophthalmus
maeoticus, S. maximus, S. rhombus, belong to Scophthalmidae family in Turkish, Bulgarian and
Russian coastal waters were determined with mtDNA sequencing of Cytochrome c oxidase subunit
III (COIII). The sequencing of the COIII region revealed 8 bp variable and 6 bp parsimony
informative sites between all turbot species. The overall genetic and haplotype diversities among
all turbot species were found to be 0.004109 and 0.7655, respectively. Genetic distance analysis
showed that the highest nucleotide differences was observed between S. maximus and S. rhombus
species with a value of 0.09620 and, the lowest value (0.02482) was observed between S. maximus
and S. maeoticus species. Neighbor Joining and Maximum Parsimony phylogenetic approaches
resulted in the similar tree topologies that S. maximus and S. maeoticus were found as sister group,
whereas S. rhombus was more divergent from this group. The mtDNA COIII gene is a useful
genetic marker for species specific identification of the genus Scophthalmus due to its inter-specific
heterogeneity producing a species-specific pattern. In morphological analyses, S. rhombus was
most differentiated from S. maximus and S. maeoticus. The genetic data was supported by the
detected morphometric variations among the turbot species.
Sex Determination in Green Turtle Hatchlings: Geometric Morphometry and Molecular Sex Markers
Authors: SÖNMEZ Bektaş , BAĞDA Efkan , CANDAN Onur , YİLMAZ Hasan Emre 
Published: February 2019

Determination of the sex ratio in sea turtle population is one of the most important parameters for
the conservation and management of the species. We aimed to the test usability of the more than
one approaches that identify the sex of hatchlings with alternative non-invasive methods.
Geometric morphometry and molecular sex marker were used to indicate difference between the
sexes in the green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas) hatchlings which sexes were previously determined
by gonad histology. A total of 60 landmarks were identified from three body parts (carapace,
plastron and tail) for geometric morphometry. No sex specific difference was found in these three
body parts. Furthermore, we analyzed a total of 55 different oligonucleotide combinations using
sex-based pool strategy but found no difference. These two techniques are insufficient for sex
determination in the green turtle hatchlings. A relatively small number of the primer combinations
and male hatchlings used to identify sex of C. mydas appears to be a disadvantage. In order to
obtain clearer results with geometric morphometric and molecular sex markers, it is recommended
to compare sexes in laboratory conditions with constant temperature.
Social media addiction is a new smoking
Authors: Arshad Sonya , Qureshi Muhammad Faisal , Rizvi Syed Hasan Abbas , Ferozali Bakhtawar , Majeed Sidra Abdul , Khan Summaya , Ajaz Haziq 
Published: February 2019

Background: Addiction is the behavior of a human in which they depend fully on the substance. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) 2015, over 1.1 billion people smoked tobacco whereas; over 2.14 billion people used social networks. The objective of this study is to assess that is there any similarity between the addiction level of smoking and social network usage.
Methodology: This is a Cross-sectional study in which 80 participants were selected on a convenience based sampling of age 18-25 which were divided into group A (social media users) and group B (smokers). Inclusion criteria for Group A were Social network user since 5 years with user I.Ds on more than 2 social network sites and check notifications every minute however group B includes smokers who were smoking since last 5 years (1 packet per day) with no known co-morbid. All participants were asked to fill the questionnaire constructed on the basis of the Bergen Addiction Scale (BAS). Blood pressure measurement and time required to complete the cognitive task was also recorded. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 21.
Result: Results showed 30% mild addictors, 30% moderate addictors and 40% severe addictors in group A while 40%, 22.5% and 37.5% in group B, respectively. According to mean withdrawal effects on cognitive skills, 97.6% participants in group A were able to complete task within assigned time before cessation and after cessation only 57% participants were able to do so, while in group B 94% were able to complete task before cessation and only 72% of participants were able to do so after cessation. Lastly, the mean BP reading checked in group A before cessation was 114.54/82.34mmHg and after cessation, it increased to 122.47/90.34mmHg whereas in group B, before cessation the mean BP reading was 118.32/84.88mmHg and after cessation it was 121.42/88.63mmHg.
Influence of rising temperatures and heat waves on mental health outcomes: An alarming public health concern
Authors: Khan Hina , Ahmed Sadaf 
Published: February 2019

Background: An accumulating body of research studies have presented effects of climate change on human health. The current state of climate change supports the notion of elevated incidences of heat waves in future. The understanding of role of increasing temperatures and heat waves on altered mental health conditions stands crucial, in light of wide spectrum of effects warming climate imparts on mental health and well-being status.
Methodology: Research studies with findings related to increasing temperatures, mental health and behavioural alterations, and psychopathological outcomes are highlighted in this review. Articles were searched using Google Scholar from the year 2005 to 2018 by entering keywords; increasing temperature and mental health, heat waves and mental health, heat waves and behavioural disorders, climate change and mental health, and, global warming and mental health. Studies were also selected from reference lists of the articles emerging out from these keywords provided. Newspaper articles and reports with details of heat waves in Pakistan are also included.
Results: Extreme heat exposure event is found to result in adverse mental, mood and behavioural consequences; including anxiety, aggression, and violence. Heat waves are found to potentiate risk for hospital admission, also due to mental disorders. Heat-associated mental health alterations may be attributed to compromised thermoregulation, pre-existing mental illness, old age, substance abuse and prescription medications effects, and up-regulation in release of stress hormones.
Conclusion: Keeping in view the impact of warming climate on mental and behavioural disorders, it appears significantly important to promote research aiming to decipher heat-induced mental health outcomes. In particular, studies are encouraged to be carried out to understand effects of increasing temperatures and heat waves on impaired mental health and psychological well-being state, develop heat-associated mental health mass awareness campaigns, and plan mental health response actions in Pakistan, which currently remain under-represented.
Beginning of meta-analysis in medical literature and its progression
Authors: Khan Saima , Dai Guangming , Ahmed Sadaf , Noushad Sh 
Published: February 2019

Background: Meta-analysis is an epidemiological, recognized, quantifiable study design that helps in systematical evaluation of earlier research studies to originate conclusions indicative of the body of research. This paper provides an overview to meta-analysis and to highlight its rationales and also over-all considerations related to meta-analysis. This article emphasizes on methods that are used in order to produce a demanding meta-analysis including various facets of staging and understandings of meta-analysis are deliberated.
Methodology: A Systematic literature was conducted from 1990 till 31st December 2017, utilizing PubMed, Web of science, Scopus and Embase using a single keyword "meta-analysis in medicine". We made 5 groups on the basis of years and the variation in the number of articles (meta-analyses) published.
Results: One of the critical outcomes of the meta-analysis study result is its heterogeneity or variability examination. Our results showed that the number of meta-analysis published in the recent years has excelled rapidly in comparison to the previous rate i.e. 3294 meta-analyses were published back in 1990-1995, which increased to 7863 in 1996-2000, 18044 for the year 2002-2007, 44965 articles in 2008-2013 and 76135 in 2014-2017.
Conclusion: Meta-analysis results in the detailed and accurate assessment of the consequences of various treatments, different risk factors for any particular or specific diseases or some other outcomes, other than individual research contributing to joint analysis. Thoroughly conducted meta-analyses can be a useful tool in evidence-based medicine. The needs of integrating outcomes from several studies confirm that meta-analytic research is necessary and the vast literature based on newly generated researches contribute highly in conduct of this research achievable.
Estudo de viabilidade de determinação de espectros de energia de feixes de fótons para radioterapia usando um detector de pixels
Authors: Vieira Marcos Guilherme , Marinho Franciole , Amato Sandra , Polycarpo Erica 
Published: February 2019

O conhecimento do espectro de energia produzido por um acelerador linear é fundamental para estudos que envolvam a determinação de doses nos tecidos irradiados e o planejamento detalhado de tratamentos. Uma das formas típicas de obtenção do espectro incidente no tecido irradiado é através da simulação detalhada da geometria do equipamento, porém, esta geometria frequentemente não é totalmente conhecida. O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar a viabilidade de uma técnica alternativa para obtenção de espectros na faixa de 0 a 6 MeV. Nessa técnica, o espectro incidente é reconstruído a partir da deconvolução do espectro de energia depositada em um detector de silício com uma função resposta conhecida. Essa função resposta foi obtida através da simulação da incidência de fótons em um detector híbrido de pixels de silício. Variando-se parâmetros do método como número de fótons incidentes para o espectro de energia depositada e a dimensão e número de fótons da matriz resposta, foi possível avaliar como estes influenciam na qualidade do espectro reconstruído. Foi estimado um tempo de exposição de cerca de 2,5 h para uma implementação experimental do método em um acelerador clínico.
Consideraciones Epistemológicas
Authors: Martínez Molina Oscar Antonio 
Published: February 2019

Los actores sociales que participan de la cultura no pueden estar ajenos a las variaciones o formas preestablecidas de ésta; así que en el rol de los investigadores se parte de dos premisas básicas. La primera es que, al aproximarse al objeto de la indagación, no se hace de forma desprevenida, sino que dicho acercamiento parte de un interés personal, que implica un saber previo. La segunda es que al constituirse en observadores a su vez se participa del fenómeno que se observa, contribuyendo a su construcción.
A partir de estas ideas básicas se define la postura asumida en la investigación como de carácter cualitativo, por lo que el ejercicio se dirige a la comprensión más que a la explicación; esto quiere decir que el interés es captar los significados e interpretaciones que construyen y comparten los protagonistas que intervienen en la investigación.
Competencias comunicativas de los guías de turismo para interpretar el patrimonio
Authors: Pino Urías Naima , Pino Torrens Ricardo Enrique , Urías Arbolaez Graciela De La Caridad 
Published: February 2019

El trabajo propone una sistematización teórica sobre las competencias comunicativas de los guías de turismo para interpretar el patrimonio. En el campo de los estudios turísticos se han constatado la existencia de vacíos teóricos – metodológicos que orienten la práctica de estos profesionales, en este caso específico se presenta la necesidad del estudio de competencia comunicativa para la interpretación de patrimonio como una herramienta que le va a permitir la realización de excursiones guiadas, donde los profesionales no se limiten a repetir guiones a todos los grupos de visitantes, sin considerar las características de los mismos y contextos de procedencia, dicha problemática se debe en gran medida a que presentan carencias en el manejo de las técnicas de interpretación patrimonial y el no tomar en cuenta las motivaciones e intereses de cada segmento de mercado turístico. Los alcances del presente artículo están dirigidos a realizar un recorrido por los fundamentos de las competencias, definir qué se asume por competencia comunicativa para la interpretación del patrimonio, así como los sustentos metodológicos de la investigación, para el cual se utilizaron métodos cualitativos y cuantitativos.
IDENTIFIKASI KEJADIAN OBESITAS PADA LANSIA DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS SIDOREJO KIDUL
Authors: Nugroho Kristiawan P. A. , Triandhini R. L. N. K. Retno , Haika Shara Minantri 
Published: February 2019

Background: Obesity is one of serious nutritional problems in Indonesia. Based on health profile of Central Java in 2015, Salatiga has the highest percentage of obesity problem counted 71.8% of 561,621 cases. Obesity in elderly are mostly caused by degenerative function of organs which lead to diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and heart disease. Objective: This study aimed to identify elders’ eating habits, their knowledge of obesity and to identify correlation between the knowledge and obesity.Methods: Observational survey technique by using interview, observation, and questionnaire method was employed to 89 respondents. Correlation among all variables was measured by utilizing Pearson Correlation Coefficient.
Results: As many as 10.8% of elderly are obese. Their knowledge regarding Pedoman Gizi Seimbang (PGS) is in sufficient category (69,7%). The respondents had unhealthy eating habit by consuming high carbohydrates and fats which might influence the incidence of obesity. There is no statistical correlation between respondents' knowledge and eating habits (r=-0.37, p>0,05).
Conclusion: Even though there is no statistical correlation between respondents’ knowledge and their eating habits, there might be other factors such as age, sex, education, occupation, socio-economic, and family roles that need to be investigated as influencing factors to the obesity incidence in this population.
Keywords: obesity, elderly, knowledge, dietary history, Salatiga