bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bone sialoprotein‐αvβ3 integrin axis promotes breast cancer metastasis to the bone
Authors: Wang Li , Song Lijie , Li Juan , Wang Yan , Yang Chuanhong , Kou Xiaomei , Xiao Bin , Zhang Wei , Li Linhai , Liu Shuwen , Wang Jie 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe underlying mechanisms of breast cancer cells metastasizing to distant sites are complex and multifactorial. Bone sialoprotein (BSP) and αvβ3 integrin were reported to promote the metastatic progress of breast cancer cells, particularly metastasis to bone. Most theories presume that BSP promotes breast cancer metastasis by binding to αvβ3 integrin. Interestingly, we found the αvβ3 integrin decreased in BSP silenced cells (BSPi), which have weak ability to form bone metastases. However, the relevance of their expression in primary tumor and the way they participate in metastasis are not clear. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between BSP, αvβ3 integrin levels, and the bone metastatic ability of breast cancer cells in patient tissues, and the data indicated that the αvβ3 integrin level is closely correlated to BSP level and metastatic potential. Overexpression of αvβ3 integrin in cancer cells could reverse the effect of BSPi in vitro and promote bone metastasis in a mouse model, whereas knockdown of αvβ3 integrin have effects just like BSPi. Moreover, The Cancer Genome Atlas data and RT‐PCR analysis have also shown that SPP1, KCNK2, and PTK2B might be involved in this process. Thus, we propose that αvβ3 integrin is one of the downstream factors regulated by BSP in the breast cancer‐bone metastatic cascade.
Microwave dielectric properties of temperature‐stable zircon‐type (Bi, Ce)VO4 solid solution ceramics
Authors: Guo Huan‐Huan , Zhou Di , Liu Wen‐Feng , Pang Li‐Xia , Wang Da‐Wei , Su Jin‐Zhan , Qi Ze‐Ming 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn the (Bi1 − xCex)VO4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) system, we found that the (Bi1 − xCex)VO4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1) belongs to the monoclinic scheelite phase and the (Bi1 − xCex)VO4 (0.7 ≤ x ≤ 1) belongs to the tetragonal zircon phase, while the (Bi1 − xCex)VO4 (0.1 < x < 0.7) belongs to the mixed phases of both monoclinic scheelite and tetragonal zircon structure. Interestingly, two components with near‐zero temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (TCF) appeared in this system. In our previous work, a near‐zero TCF of ~+15 ppm/°C was obtained in a (Bi0.75Ce0.25)VO4 ceramic with a permittivity (εr) of ~47.9 and a Qf (Q = quality factor = 1/dielectric loss; f = resonant frequency) value of ~18 000 GHz (at 7.6 GHz). Furthermore, in the present work, another temperature‐stable microwave dielectric ceramic was obtained in (Bi0.05Ce0.95)VO4 composition sintered at 950°C and exhibits good microwave dielectric properties with a εr of ~11.9, a Qf of ~22 360 GHz (at 10.6 GHz), and a near‐zero TCF of ~+6.6 ppm/°C. The results indicate that this system might be an interesting candidate for microwave device applications.
Walking Propositions: Coming to Know A/r/tographically
Authors: Lee Nicole , Morimoto Ken , Mosavarzadeh Marzieh , Irwin Rita L. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis article explores walking as a form of inquiry within a study group at The University of British Columbia committed to a/r/tography. Three propositions are explored and as a result we think more deeply about being present, truly present, to that which we never anticipated. The first proposition, ‘Go for a walk outside, find an object and do something with it’, leads us to think more deeply about being present to possibility: kicking the rock. The second proposition, ‘Walk around your neighbourhood with another. When you find unfamiliar ground, pause, and ground yourself’, leads us to appreciating being present in‐between place and relationality. The third proposition, ‘Follow one another in a line without stopping or speaking’, invites us to explore being present to interiority. Walking in response to these propositions and coming to think deeply about the impact of being present to presence, became important to us as a community of a/r/tographers.
Socket‐shield technique for implant placement to stabilize the facial gingival and osseous architecture: A systematic review
Authors: Mourya Akanksha , Mishra Sunil Kumar , Gaddale Reetika , Chowdhary Ramesh 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to establish the efficacy of the socket‐shield technique (SST) for the stabilization of the facial gingival and osseous architecture. An electronic search including the Cochrane databases, EBSCOhost, Medline/PubMed and Web of Science was performed. Articles related to SST for placing dental implants were included. Articles and abstracts not written in English were excluded. The initial literature search resulted in 113 articles related to questions raised. Hand searching of the journals related to implants and cross‐referencing related to SST within the selected articles resulted in 1 more paper. Finally, 20 full texts and abstract of 1 article were included in the present systematic review: 11 case reports, 6 case series, 1 human randomized control trial (RCT), 1 technical report and 2 animal RCT. Recent modifications in SST, along with long follow‐up studies with increased sample size, provided promising results. This systematic review still recommends that SST should not be used in routine clinical practise until a higher level of evidence established. Further RCT on SST are required to establish the clinical efficacy of this technique.
The hierarchy of evidence in advanced wound care: The social organization of limitations in knowledge
Authors: Waters Nicola , Rankin Janet M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this article, we discuss how we used institutional ethnography (Institutional ethnography as practice, Rowman & Littlefield, Lanham, MD and 2006) to map out powerful ruling relations that organize nurses’ wound care work. In recent years, the growing number of people living with wounds that heal slowly or not at all has presented substantial challenges for those managing the demands on Canada's publicly insured health‐care system. In efforts to address this burden, Canadian health‐care administrators and policy‐makers rely on scientific evidence about how wounds heal and what treatments are most effective. Advanced wound care exemplifies the growing authorization of particular forms of evidence that change the ways in which nurses come to know about and conduct their work. The focus of this paper's nursing inquiry is a critique of registered nurses’ wound work as it arises within the established uptake of scientific evidence.
Intraoperative surfactant administration during neonatal sacrococcygeal teratoma resection
Authors: Au Valerie , Gregory George , Sinskey Jina 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA very preterm infant with a prenatally diagnosed sacrococcygeal teratoma presented for urgent resection. Intraoperatively, he required massive transfusion due to hemorrhage with progressive decline in lung compliance and hypoxia. Rescue surfactant was given with immediate improvement in ventilation and oxygenation. Surgery was successfully completed without complications.
The Force of Norms? The Internal Point of View in Light of Experimental Economics
Authors: Hoeft Leonard 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSetting aside its conceptual issues, it remains an open question whether the internal point of view is a good descriptive tool for the behaviour of ordinary citizens or if a sanction‐based explanation of legal compliance is sufficient. This paper will discuss strains of experimental literature corroborating Hart’s criticism of sanction‐based accounts and suggesting that compliance with norms is indeed a shared practice sensitive to social influence. Legal institutions can interact with this shared practice in a way that cannot be reduced to pure incentives. Sanction‐based theories cannot account for norm compliance: They face a challenge in explaining the complex behavioural patterns observed in the minimalistic setting of laboratories.
Residual setup error in the canine intracranial region after megavoltage, kilovoltage, or cone‐beam computed tomographic image guidance for radiation therapy
Authors: Morimoto Celina Y. , Mayer Monique N. , Sidhu Narinder , Bloomfield Rachel , Waldner Cheryl L. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSources of residual setup error after image guidance include image localization accuracy, errors associated with image registration, and inability of some treatment couches to correct submillimeter translational errors and/or pitch and roll errors. The purpose of this experimental study was to measure setup error after image‐guided correction of the canine intracranial region, using a four degrees‐of‐freedom couch capable of 1 mm translational moves. Six cadaver dogs were positioned 45 times as for clinical treatment using a vacuum deformable body cushion, a customizable head cushion, a thermoplastic mask and an indexed maxillary plate with a dental mould. The location of five fiducial markers in the skull bones was compared between the reference position and after megavoltage (MV), kilovoltage (kV) and cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT)‐guided correction using orthogonal kV images. The mean three‐dimensional distance vectors (3DDV) after MV, kV and CBCT‐guided correction were 1.7, 1.5 and 2.2 mm, respectively. All values were significantly different (P < .01). The 95th percentiles of the 3DDV after online MV, kV and CBCT‐guided correction were 2.8, 2.6 and 3.6 mm, respectively. Residual setup error in the clinical scenario examined was on the order of millimetres and should be considered when choosing PTV margins for image‐guided radiation therapy of the canine intracranial region.
Downregulation of Gabarapl1 significantly attenuates antibody binding to porcine aortic endothelial cells
Authors: Xie Chongwei , Qu Zepeng , Hara Hidetaka , Dai Wenjie , Wang Xiliang , Pan Dengke , Zhou Ming , Dai Yifan , Cai Zhiming , Zhang Junfang , Cooper David K. C. , Mou Lisha 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAfter hyperacute rejection in pig‐to‐primate xenotransplantation had been overcome by the introduction of α1,3‐galactosyltransferase gene‐knockout (GTKO) pigs, acute and chronic antibody‐mediated rejection became one of the major barriers to long‐term graft survival. This was associated with exposure of non‐Gal antigens to the recipient's immune system and indicated that further genetic engineering of the pigs would be necessary. We here report that Gabarapl1, a regulator of tumorigenesis, plays a role in the regulation of immunogenicity of porcine aortic endothelial cells (PAECs). Knockdown of Gabarapl1 in PAECs results in a remarkable reduction in binding of serum antibody from PAEC‐immunized monkeys, associated with decreased serum cytotoxicity of pig cells. Expression of swine leukocyte antigens (SLA) II DR was downregulated by Gabarapl1 knockdown. However, suppression of expression of SLA II is associated with less reduction of antibody binding than achieved by Gabarapl1 knockdown, suggesting that other Gabarapl1‐regulated xenoantigens may be more important. These findings indicate a hitherto unknown relationship between Gabarapl1 and xenoimmunogenicity, suggesting a potential new strategy to reduce rejection initiated by the presence of non‐Gal antigens.
Effectiveness and safety of steady versus intermittent high dose vitamin D supplementation for the prevention of falls and fractures among adults: a protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Al-khalidi Banaz , Ewusie Joycelyne Efua , Hamid Jemila , Kimball Samantha 
Published: August 2019

IntroductionClinical trials and systematic reviews of trials involving vitamin D supplementation have mainly focused on defining the optimal amount of vitamin D dosage. However, the comparative effectiveness of different dosing schedules (ie, daily vs bolus dosing schedule) has been largely unexplored; and currently, there is no consensus regarding the optimal vitamin D dosing schedule. Our objective is to conduct a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) to evaluate the comparative effectiveness and safety of steady (eg, daily, weekly) and intermittent high-dose (eg, monthly, yearly) vitamin D dosing schedules; and to determine the effectiveness of the various dosing schedules and combinations of treatments.Methods and analysisWe will conduct a systematic search and review of literature from major medical databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and ClinicalTrials.gov) involving studies that compare vitamin D supplementation alone or in combination with calcium. Only randomised controlled trials (RCTs) will be considered. We will, however, consider various settings (eg, community, institutional care) and study designs (eg, cluster RCTs, cross-over trials). Our primary outcomes include falls and fractures including hip-fracture and non-vertebral fractures. Secondary outcomes will include muscle strength, physical performance, gait and mobility limitation. A Bayesian NMA will be conducted, and the results will be presented in the form of treatment effect estimates and ranking probabilities, with corresponding CIs. Pairwise meta-analysis will also be conducted for studies reporting head-to-head comparisons. Subgroup analysis will be performed with respect to pre-determined subgroups; including vitamin D status as measured by serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, age and follow-up time. Sensitivity analysis will also be performed with respect to risk of bias.Ethics and disseminationThis study is a systematic review and meta-analysis of published RCTs; therefore, no ethical approval is required. Results will be disseminated through open access peer-reviewed publications.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO CRD42018112662.
C>A substitution in NT 46 of the 3’ UTR region (the α complex protected region) of the alpha-1 globin gene: a non-deletional mutation or polymorphism?
Authors: Ropero Paloma , González Fernando Ataúlfo , Nieto Jorge M , Villegas Ana , Sevilla Julian , Pérez Germán , Alonso José María , Recasens Valle , Abio Mariola , Vagace Jose Manuel , Vanegas Raul Jesus , González Fernández Beatriz , Martínez Rafael 
Published: August 2019

AimsUntranslated regions (UTRs) play an important role in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, including by modulating messenger RNA (mRNA) transport out of the nucleus, translation efficiency, subcellular localisation and stability. Any mutation in this region could alter the stability of mRNA and thereby affect protein synthesis. We analysed if a mutation located in the α complex protected region of the α1 globin gene could cause non-deletional α-thalassaemia by affecting post-transcriptional stability (mRNA stability).MethodsA total of 14 patients without anaemia, normal or slight microcytosis and hypochromia (medium concentration haemoglobin [MCH] <27 pg) were studied. Haemoglobin subtypes were screened using capillary zone electrophoresis and ion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography (VARIANT II β-Thalassaemia Short Program). The most common α-globin mutations were identified by multiplex PCR (Alpha-Globin StripAssay kit) and the molecular characterisation by automatic sequencing of alpha globin genes.ResultsAll of them shown a novel transversion mutation in nt 778 (C>A), which is located in the 3' UTR in the α complex protected region [HBA1: c.*+46C>A].ConclusionsThis mutation is in the αRNAmin binding site, so a single nucleotide substitution in this region can decrease mRNA stability by potentially compromising the binding of α-complex protein to αRNAmin, favouring the decay of α-globin mRNA via erythroid cell-enriched endoribonuclease cleavage. In this case, it is a non-deletional α-thalassaemia. However, in silico and empirical studies predicted that it could be a silent polymorphism. Functional studies should be carried out to confirm whether it is a pathological mutation or a silent polymorphism.
The association of body mass index, weight gain and central obesity with activity-related breathlessness: the Swedish Cardiopulmonary Bioimage Study
Authors: Ekström Magnus Pär , Blomberg Anders , Bergström Göran , Brandberg John , Caidahl Kenneth , Engström Gunnar , Engvall Jan , Eriksson Maria , Gränsbo Klas , Hansen Tomas , Jernberg Tomas , Nilsson Lars , Nilsson Ulf , Olin Anna-Carin , Persson Lennart , Rosengren Annika , Sandelin Martin , Sköld Magnus , Sundström Johan , Swahn Eva , Söderberg Stefan , Tanash Hanan A , Torén Kjell , Östgren Carl Johan , Lindberg Eva 
Published: August 2019

IntroductionBreathlessness is common in the population, especially in women and associated with adverse health outcomes. Obesity (body mass index (BMI) >30 kg/m2) is rapidly increasing globally and its impact on breathlessness is unclear.MethodsThis population-based study aimed primarily to evaluate the association of current BMI and self-reported change in BMI since age 20 with breathlessness (modified Research Council score ≥1) in the middle-aged population. Secondary aims were to evaluate factors that contribute to breathlessness in obesity, including the interaction with spirometric lung volume and sex.ResultsWe included 13 437 individuals; mean age 57.5 years; 52.5% women; mean BMI 26.8 (SD 4.3); mean BMI increase since age 20 was 5.0 kg/m2; and 1283 (9.6%) reported breathlessness. Obesity was strongly associated with increased breathlessness, OR 3.54 (95% CI, 3.03 to 4.13) independent of age, sex, smoking, airflow obstruction, exercise level and the presence of comorbidities. The association between BMI and breathlessness was modified by lung volume; the increase in breathlessness prevalence with higher BMI was steeper for individuals with lower forced vital capacity (FVC). The higher breathlessness prevalence in obese women than men (27.4% vs 12.5%; p<0.001) was related to their lower FVC. Irrespective of current BMI and confounders, individuals who had increased in BMI since age 20 had more breathlessness.ConclusionBreathlessness is independently associated with obesity and with weight gain in adult life, and the association is stronger for individuals with lower lung volumes.
THE FAIR REWARD PROBLEM: THE ILLUSION OF SUCCESS AND HOW TO SOLVE IT
Authors: SORNETTE DIDIER , WHEATLEY SPENCER , CAUWELS PETER 
Published: August 2019

Humanity has been fascinated by the pursuit of fortune since time immemorial, and many successful outcomes benefit from strokes of luck. But success is subject to complexity, uncertainty, and change — and at times becoming increasingly unequally distributed. This leads to tension and confusion over to what extent people actually get what they deserve (i.e. fairness/meritocracy). Moreover, in many fields, humans are overconfident and pervasively confuse luck for skill (I win, it is skill; I lose, it is bad luck). In some fields, there is too much risk-taking; in others, not enough. Where success derives in large part from luck — and especially where bailouts skew the incentives (heads, I win; tails, you lose) — it follows that luck is rewarded too much. This incentivizes a culture of gambling, while downplaying the importance of productive effort. And, short-term success is often rewarded, irrespective, and potentially at the detriment, of the long-term system fitness. However, much success is truly meritocratic, and the problem is to discern and reward based on merit. We call this the fair reward problem. To address this, we propose three different measures to assess merit: (i) raw outcome; (ii) risk-adjusted outcome, and (iii) prospective. We emphasize the need, in many cases, for the deductive prospective approach, which considers the potential of a system to adapt and mutate in novel futures. This is formalized within an evolutionary system, comprised of five processes, inter alia handling the exploration–exploitation trade-off. Several human endeavors — including finance, politics, and science — are analyzed through these lenses, and concrete solutions are proposed to support a prosperous and meritocratic society.
ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ РІЗНИХ СХЕМ ПРОТИВІРУСНОЇ ТЕРАПІЇ ХВОРИХ НА ХРОНІЧНИЙ ГЕПАТИТ С, ІНФІКОВАНИХ 1-м ГЕНОТИПОМ ВІРУСУ
Authors: Kalashnyk K. V. , Riabokon O. V. , Tsarova O. V. , Riabokon Yu. Yu. , Yalova H. V. 
Published: August 2019

Мета роботи – проаналізувати ефективність різних схем противірусного лікування хворих на хронічний гепатит С (ХГС), інфікованих 1-м генотипом вірусу за результатами виконання Державної цільової програми в Запорізькій області.
Матеріали і методи – досліджено 113 хворих на ХГС, інфікованих 1-м генотипом вірусу, які лікувалися за різними схемами противірусної терапії (ПВТ) із застосуванням противірусних препаратів з прямим механізмом дії.
Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Було встановлено формування стійкої вірусологічної відповіді після 12-тижневого лікування (СВВ 12) у більшості пацієнтів: у 86,5 % осіб після лікування пегільованим інтерфероном (peg IFN) + рибавірином (RBV) + софосбувіром (SOF) та у 93,4 % після терапії омбітасвіром/паритапревіром/ритонавіром + дасабувіром (OBV/PTV/r+DSV) ± RBV, при цьому частота досягнення СВВ 12 не залежала від ступеня фіброзу печінки. Встановлено, що динаміка активності АлАТ мала певні особливості залежно від схеми лікування. Застосування 3D-режиму приводило до нормалізації АлАТ на момент завершення лікування у 91,8 % пацієнтів, після чого цей показник залишався незмінним. Лікування хворих за схемою peg-IFN+SOF+RBV обумовлює нормалізацію активності АлАТ на момент завершення ПВТ тільки у 65,4 % хворих, що нижче (р<0,0001), ніж при застосуванні 3D-режиму. Проте в подальші 24 тиж після ПВТ за інтерферонвмісною схемою активність АлАТ продовжувала знижуватись, порівняно із завершенням ПВТ (р<0,01), та в кінцевому періоді спостереження статистично не відрізнялася у пацієнтів обох груп (р>0,05). ПВТ за схемою peg-IFN+SOF+RBV, порівняно із 3D-режимом, частіше супроводжувалася розвитком небажаних побічних явищ (76,9 % проти 42,6 %, р=0,0002) за рахунок інтерфероніндукованих грипоподібного синдрому (65,4 %) та нейтропенії (53,8 %), рибавіриніндукованої анемії (46,2 %). Частота розвитку тромбоцитопенії (44,2 % та 37,7 %) та свербежу шкіри (9,6 % та 3,3 %) статистично не відрізнялася у пацієнтів досліджуваних груп (р>0,05). Після завершення лікування за схемою OBV/PTV/r+DSV+RBV в окремих хворих з фіброзом печінки F4, на тлі стійкої негативації HCV-RNA у крові зафіксовано появу асциту.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПІДГОТОВКИ АНГЛОМОВНИХ СТУДЕНТІВ МОЛОДШИХ І СТАРШИХ КУРСІВ НА КАФЕДРАХ ГІГІЄНІЧНОГО ПРОФІЛЮ У ВИЩИХ МЕДИЧНИХ НАВЧАЛЬНИХ ЗАКЛАДАХ
Authors: Abramov S. V. , Baibakov V. M. , Hryhorenko L. V. 
Published: August 2019

У статті показано особливості підготовки англомовних студентів молодших і старших курсів на кафедрах гігієнічного профілю у вищих медичних навчальних закладах. Встановлено, що для англомовних студентів молодших курсів більш актуальним є проведення семінарів з обговореннями доповідей учасників, а для студентів старших курсів – розв'язання ситуаційних завдань із розбором нормативних документів за темою практичного заняття, оцінка факторів навколишнього середовища за допомогою приладів, ведення протокольних зошитів з тем практичних занять і СРС, проміжний і підсумковий контроль за тестами з бази «Крок 2», що обумовлено особливостями навчальної програми з гігієни для іноземних студентів 3 і 6 курсів за спеціальністю «Лікувальна справа». Анкетування, проведене серед англомовних студентів молодших курсів (40 респондентів) за розробленою нами власною анкетою, показало, що іноземні студенти на підготовку до практичного заняття з теоретичних дисциплін витрачають: менше 1 год – 6 респондентів (16,6 %); 1–2 год – 16 (44,4 %); 2–3 год – 9 (25 %); більше ніж 3 год – 5 (13,8 %). При підготовці до заняття з клінічних дисциплін англомовні студенти витрачають: менше 1 год – 3 (8,3 %); 1–2 год – 11 (30,5 %); більше ніж 3 год – 3 (8,3 %). Зокрема, 25 % респондентів (69,4 %) позитивно ставляться до проведення СРС, чверть опитаних – негативно (14 %). Відповіді на контрольні питання до тем СРС більшість студентів знаходить у матеріалах із мережі «Інтернет» (36 %) і в навчально-методичному посібнику (33,3 %), меншість користується підручниками (28 %), що зумовлено зниженням зацікавленості студентів до навчання.