bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plant-soil feedbacks trigger tannin evolution by niche construction: a spatial stoichiometric model
Authors: Arnoldi Jean-François , Coq Sylvain , Kéfi Sonia , Ibanez Sébastien 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAmong plant traits, plant secondary metabolites such as tannins mediate plant-herbivore interactions but also have after-life effects on litter decomposition and nutrient cycling, which could influence their evolution. By modeling the flow of nitrogen and carbon through plants and soil in a spatially explicit context, we explored the relative contribution of herbivory and plant-soil feedbacks as drivers of tannin evolution. We assumed soil nitrogen to be composed of labile and recalcitrant compartments, the latter made of tannin-protein complexes accessible by plants via associations with mycorrhizal fungi. In unproductive environments and for plants with low biomass turnover rates, we show that when tannins modify soil properties locally, plant-soil feedbacks alone can drive their evolution. We further predict the existence of positive coevolutionary feedbacks between associations with mycorrhizae and tannins, possibly triggered by the evolution of the latter as protection against herbivores. In line with our theoretical results, tannins are mostly present in conservative plants, associated with mycorrhizae and inhabiting unproductive environments. Our work suggests that plant-soil feedbacks can enable niche construction mechanisms which can be key to the evolution of plant traits.
Apparent Motion Perception in the Praying Mantis: Psychophysics and Modelling
Authors: Tarawneh Ghaith , Jones Lisa , Nityananda Vivek , Rosner Ronny , Rind Claire , Read Jenny 
Published: May 2018

AbstractApparent motion is the perception of a motion created by rapidly presenting still frames in which objects are displaced in space. Observers can reliably discriminate the direction of apparent motion when inter-frame object displacement is below a certain limit, Dmax. Earlier studies of motion perception in humans found that Dmax scales with spatial element size, interpreting the relationship between the two as linear, and that Dmax appears to be lower-bounded at around 15 arcmin. Here, we run corresponding experiments in the praying mantisSphodromantis lineolato investigate how Dmax scales with element size. We used moving random chequerboard patterns of varying element and displacement step sizes to elicit the optomotor response, a postural stabilization mechanism that causes mantids to lean in the direction of large-field motion. Subsequently, we calculated Dmax as the displacement step size corresponding to a 50% probability of detecting an optomotor response in the same direction as the stimulus. Our main findings are that mantis Dmax appears to scale as a power-law of element size and that, in contrast to humans, it does not appear to be lower-bounded. We present two models to explain these observations: a simple high-level model based on motion energy in the Fourier domain and a more detailed one based on the Reichardt Detector. The models present complementary intuitive and physiologically-realistic accounts of how Dmax scales with element size in insects.Author SummaryComputer monitors, smart phone screens and other forms of digital displays present a series of still images (frames) in which objects are displaced in small steps, tricking us into perceiving smooth motion. This illusion is referred to as “apparent motion”, and for it to work effectively the magnitude of each displacement step must be smaller than a certain limit, referred to as Dmax. Previous studies have investigated the relationship between this limit and object size in humans and found that larger objects can be displaced in larger steps without affecting motion perception. In this work, we investigated the same relationship in the praying mantisSphodromantis lineolaby presenting them with moving chequerboard patterns on a computer monitor. Even though motion perception in humans and insects are believed to be explained equally well by the same underlying model, we found that Dmax scales with object size differently in mantids. These results suggest that there may be qualitative differences in how mantids perceive apparent motion compared to humans.
Full Rescue of F508del-CFTR Processing and Function by CFTR Modulators can be Achieved by Removal of Two Unique Regulatory Regions
Authors: Uliyakina Inna , Da Paula Ana C , Afonso Sara , Lobo Miguel J , Felício Verónica , Botelho Hugo M , Farinha Carlos M , Amaral Margarida D 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackground and Purpose: Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is caused by mutations in the CF Transmembrane conductance Regulator (CFTR), the only ABC transporter functioning as a channel. Unique to CFTR are two highly conformationally dynamic regions: the regulatory extension (RE) and regulatory insertion (RI). Removal of the latter rescues the trafficking defect of CFTR with F508del, the most common CF-causing mutation.We aimed here to assess the impact of RE removal (alone or with RI or genetic revertants) on F508del-CFTR traffic and how CFTR modulator drugs corrector VX-809/lumacaftor and potentiator VX-770/ivacaftor rescue these combined variants so as to gain insight into the mechanism of action (MoA) of these drugs.Experimental Approach. We generated ∆RE and ∆RI CFTR variants (with and without genetic revertants) by site-directed mutagenesis and used them to stably transfect BHK cell lines. We studied CFTR expression and stability by Western blotting and pulse-chase respectively, plasma membrane levels by cell surface biotinylation and channel activity by the iodide efflux technique.Key Results. Our data demonstrate that ∆RI significantly enhanced rescue of F508del-CFTR by VX-809. Thus, while the presence of the regulatory insertion seems to be precluding full rescue of F508del-CFTR processing by VX-809, this region appears essential to rescue its function by VX-770, thus suggesting some contradictory role in rescue of F508del-CFTR by these two modulators. Nevertheless, this negative impact of RI removal on VX-770-stimulated currents on F508del-CFTR can be compensated by deletion of the regulatory extension which also leads to the stabilization of this mutant. We thus propose that, despite both these regions being conformationally active, RI precludes F508del-CFTR processing while RE affects mostly its stability and channel opening.Supporting Information: Additional figures with supplementary data
Adolescent Social Isolation Increases Vulnerability to Cocaine
Authors: Fosnocht Anne Q. , Lucerne Kelsey E. , Ellis Alexandra S. , Olimpo Nicholas A. , Briand Lisa A. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractChildhood and adolescent adversity is associated with a wide range of psychiatric disorders, including an increased risk for substance abuse. Despite this, the molecular mechanisms underlying how chronic stress during adolescence alters reward signaling remains largely unexplored. Understanding how adolescent stress increases addiction-like phenotypes could inform the development of targeted interventions both before and after drug use. The current study examined how adolescent-onset isolation stress affected behavioral, molecular, and physiological responses to cocaine in male and female mice. Adolescent-onset social isolation did not alter the ability of mice to learn an operant response for food, nor influence food self-administration or motivation for food on a progressive ratio schedule. However, male and female socially stressed mice exhibited an increase in motivation for cocaine and cocaine seeking during a cue-induced reinstatement session. Additionally, we demonstrated that adolescent-onset social isolation increased cocaine-induced neuronal activation, as assessed by Fos expression, within the nucleus accumbens core and shell, ventral pallidum, dorsal bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, lateral septum and basolateral amygdala. Taken together, the present studies demonstrate that social stress during adolescence augments the behavioral responses to cocaine during adulthood and alters the responsiveness of reward-related brain circuitry.
A new subspecies of gray wolf, recently extinct, from Sicily, Italy (Carnivora, Canidae)
Authors: Angelici Francesco Maria , Rossi Lorenzo 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA new endemic subspecies of gray wolf from the island of Sicily (Italy) is described. While usually considered extinct before 1940, there’s some evidence it may have survived up to 1970. This wolf was widespread throughout the island and characterized by a smaller size and a paler coloration than the Apennine wolf (Canis lupus italicus) from Central-Southern Italy.This subspecies is described from a mounted specimen (the holotype) including also a separate skull stored at the Museo di Storia Naturale ‘La Specola’, Università di Firenze, Italy. The three paratypes are: a) a mounted specimen stored at the ‘Museo Regionale Interdisciplinare di Terrasini’ in Terrasini (PA), Italy, b) a mounted specimen stored at the Museo di Zoologia ‘Pietro Doderlein’, Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy, c) a mounted specimen stored at the ‘Museo Civico Baldassarre Romano’ in Termini Imerese (PA), Italy.This new subspecies is described as Canis lupus cristaldiisubsp. nov. We suggest ‘Sicilian wolf’ as common name for this new taxon.
Bidirectional Long-Term Synaptic Zinc Plasticity at Mouse Glutamatergic Synapses
Authors: Vogler Nathan W. , Tzounopoulos Thanos 
Published: May 2018

AbstractSynaptic zinc is coreleased with glutamate to modulate neurotransmission in many excitatory synapses. In the auditory cortex, synaptic zinc modulates sound frequency tuning and enhances frequency discrimination acuity. In auditory, visual, and somatosensory circuits, sensory experience causes long-term changes in synaptic zinc levels and/or signaling, termed here synaptic zinc plasticity. However, the mechanisms underlying synaptic zinc plasticity and the effects of this plasticity on long-term glutamatergic plasticity remain unknown. To study these mechanisms, we used male and female mice and employed in vitro and in vivo models in zinc-rich, glutamatergic dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) parallel fiber (PF) synapses. High-frequency stimulation of DCN PF synapses induced long-term depression of synaptic zinc signaling (Z-LTD), as evidenced by reduced zinc-mediated inhibition of AMPA receptor (AMPAR) excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs). Low-frequency stimulation induced long-term potentiation of synaptic zinc signaling (Z-LTP), as evidenced by enhanced zinc-mediated inhibition of AMPAR EPSCs. Thus, Z-LTD is a new mechanism of LTP and Z-LTD is a new mechanism of LTP. Pharmacological inhibition of Group 1 metabotropic glutamate receptors (G1 mGluRs) eliminated Z-LTD and Z-LTP. Pharmacological activation of G1 mGluRs induced Z-LTD and Z-LTP, associated with bidirectional changes in presynaptic zinc levels. Finally, exposure of mice to loud sound caused G1 mGluR-dependent Z-LTD in DCN PF synapses, consistent with our in vitro results. Together, we show that G1 mGluR activation is necessary and sufficient for inducing bidirectional long-term synaptic zinc plasticity.Key points summarySynaptic zinc is coreleased with glutamate to modulate neurotransmission and auditory processing. Sensory experience causes long-term changes in synaptic zinc signaling, termed synaptic zinc plasticity.At zinc-containing glutamatergic synapses in the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN), we show that high-frequency stimulation reduces synaptic zinc signaling (Z-LTD), whereas low-frequency stimulation increases synaptic zinc signaling (Z-LTP).Group 1 metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) activation is necessary and sufficient to induce Z-LTP and Z-LTD. Z-LTP and Z-LTD are associated with bidirectional changes in presynaptic zinc levels.Sound-induced Z-LTD at DCN synapses requires Group 1 mGluR activation.Bidirectional synaptic zinc plasticity is a previously unknown mechanism of LTP and LTD at zinc-containing glutamatergic synapses.
Tumor suppressor DAPK1 catalyzes Adhesion Assembly on Rigid but Anoikis on Soft Matrices
Authors: Qin Ruifang , Wolfenson Haguy , Saxena Mayur , Sheetz Michael P. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractCancer cells will normally grow on soft surfaces, but if rigidity sensing modules are restored in cancer cells, they will undergo apoptosis on soft surfaces (anoikis) like most normal cells. DAPK1 is a major tumor suppressor that activates cell death, but it is unclear how DAPK1 could activateanoikisthrough rigidity sensing. Here we find that when rigidity sensing is decreased through inhibition of DAPK1 activity, cells are transformed for growth on soft matrices. Further, DAPK1 catalyzes matrix adhesion assembly and is part of adhesions on rigid surfaces. Additional factors include DAPK1 phosphorylation of tropomyosin2.1, talin1 head domain and tyrosine phosphorylation of DAPK1 by Src. On soft surfaces, DAPK1 rapidly dissociates from the adhesion complexes and activates apoptosis that requires PTPN12 activity and talin1 head. Thus, DAPK1 is important for adhesion assembly on rigid surfaces and the activation ofanoikison soft surfaces through its binding to rigidity-sensing modules.
A three dimensional multiplane kinematic model for bilateral hind limb gait analysis in cats
Authors: Brown Nathan P. , Bertocci Gina E. , Cheffer Kimberly A. , Howland Dena R. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackground: Kinematic gait analysis is an important noninvasive technique used for quantitative evaluation and description of locomotion and other movements in healthy and injured populations. Three dimensional (3D) kinematic analysis offers additional outcome measures including internal-external rotation not characterized using sagittal plane analysis techniques.Methods: The objectives of this study were to 1) develop and evaluate a 3D hind limb multiplane kinematic model for gait analysis in cats using joint coordinate systems, 2) implement and compare two 3D stifle (knee) prediction techniques, and 3) compare flexion-extension determined using the multiplane model to a sagittal plane model. Walking gait was recorded in 3 female adult cats (age = 2.9 years, weight = 3.5 ± 0.2 kg). Kinematic outcomes included flexion-extension, internal-external rotation, and abduction-adduction of the hip, stifle, and tarsal (ankle) joints.Results: Each multiplane stifle prediction technique yielded similar findings. Joint angles determined using markers placed on skin above bony landmarks in vivo were similar to joint angles determined using a feline hind limb skeleton in which markers were placed directly on landmarks ex vivo. Differences in hip, stifle, and tarsal joint flexion-extension were demonstrated when comparing the multiplane model to the sagittal plane model.Conclusions: This multiplane cat kinematic model can predict joint rotational kinematics as a tool that can quantify frontal, transverse, and sagittal plane motion. This model has multiple advantages given its ability to characterize joint internal-external rotation and abduction-adduction. A further, important benefit is greater accuracy in representing joint flexion-extension movements.
Building a rough sets-based prediction model for classifying large-scale construction projects based on sustainable success index
Authors: Akbari Saeed , Khanzadi Mostafa , Gholamian Mohammad Reza 
Published: May 2018

Purpose
To address requirements and specifications of construction project, academics need to build a project classification model. In recent years, project success concept, particularly on large-scale construction projects, has been a controversial issue, especially in developing countries. Hence, in this paper, after introducing a sustainable success index (SSI), a novel method called “rough set approach” had been adopted to induce decision rules and to classify construction projects. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
At first, 20 effective success factors and 15 success criteria based on three pillars of sustainability of economy, society and environment had been categorized. The research data used for analysis had been collected from 26 large-scale construction projects in Iran and five other countries. After collecting data collection, observations had been analyzed and 51 decision rules were generated, and the projects were classified. Eventually, in order to evaluate the performance of the generated rules, confusion matrix was applied, and the model was validated.

Findings
The results of the present study show that rough set theory (RST) can be an effective and valuable tool for building expert systems. Practical applications of these results along with limitations and future research are described.

Originality/value
Perhaps for the first time, in the present study, a number of large-scale construction projects are classified based on SSI. Applying RST for building rule-based system and classifying projects in construction project area are novel attempts undertaken in this paper. The rules induced in this study can be applied to develop a sustainable success prediction model in the future studies.
Modeling of workers’ learning behavior in construction projects using agent-based approach
Authors: Mahjoubpour Behzad , Nasirzadeh Farnad , Mohammad Hosein Zadeh Golabchi Mahmoud , Ramezani Khajehghiasi Maryam , Mir Mostafa 
Published: May 2018

Purpose
Learning as the way in which labor acquire new knowledge and skills has important strategic implications for the competitive advantage of an organization. The purpose of this paper is to present an agent-based modeling (ABM) approach to investigate the learning behavior of workers. The effect of interactions among different workers as well as the factors affecting the workers’ learning behavior is assessed using the proposed ABM approach.

Design/methodology/approach
For this purpose, the processes through which the competency value of worker is changed are understood and the workers’ learning behavior is modeled, taking account of various influencing factors such as knowledge flow, social ability to teach and forgetting factor.

Findings
The proposed model is implemented on a real steel structure project to evaluate its applicability and performance. The variation in the competency value of different workers involved in the project is simulated over time taking account of all the influencing factors using the proposed ABM approach.

Practical implications
In order to assess the effect of interactions among welders as well as the welders’ characteristics on their learning behavior, the competence value of different welders is evaluated.

Originality/value
This research presents an ABM approach to investigate the workers’ learning behavior. To evaluate the performance of the proposed ABM approach, it was implemented on a real steel structure project. The learning behavior of different welders (agents) was simulated taking account of their interactions as well as the factors affecting the welders’ learning behavior. The project involved the welding of a 240-ton steel structure. The initial project duration was estimated as 100 days. In this project, it has been planned to execute the welding process using three different welders namely welder A, B and C.
Examining the role of work context, transfer design and transfer motivation on training transfer
Authors: Muduli Ashutosh , Raval Deepti 
Published: May 2018

Purpose
Research on training transfer in India in general and insurance sector in specific adopting case study method is largely absent. This study aims to address this gap by adopting a case study method to explore the relationship between work context, transfer design and training transfer in an Indian Insurance company. It also examined the role of transfer motivation as a mediating variable between work context, transfer design and training transfer.

Design/methodology/approach
Data have been collected from a public sector insurance company using a first ever vernacularly translated learning transfer system inventory (LTSI), following the translation and back translation process. Learning and development practitioners and academicians have been consulted and suggestions related to changing the language to be compatible with the insurance industry have been incorporated. Structural equation modeling (Amos 16) has been used to test the suggested model.

Findings
The significant positive relationship of peer support, supervisory support and opportunity to use and transfer design with training transfer can be attributed to the business context of the sample organization. Interestingly, the role of performance coaching and the mediating role of transfer motivation have been rejected. This study has proved the mediating role of transfer design.

Originality/value
This study is the first ever study on training transfer in Indian insurance sector adopting case study method. This study has used LTSI translated in an Indian vernacular language following the translation and back translation process.
Developing health leadership with Health LEADS Australia
Authors: Shannon Elizabeth , Sebastian Andi 
Published: May 2018

PurposeLeadership, and leadership development, in health and human services is essential. This review aims to draw conclusions from practice within the Australian context.Design/methodology/approachThis review is an overview of health leadership development in Australia, with a particular focus on the implementation of the national health leadership framework, Health LEADS Australia (HLA).FindingsSince its inception, the HLA has influenced the development of health leadership frameworks across the Australian states and territories. Both the National Health Leadership Collaboration and individuals with “boundary-spanning” roles across state government and the university sector have contributed to the development of collaborative online communities of practice and professional networks. Innovation has also been evident as the HLA has been incorporated into existing academic curricula and new professional development offerings. Ideas associated with distributed leadership, integral to the HLA, underpin both sets of actions.Practical implicationsThe concept of a national health leadership framework has been implemented in different ways across jurisdictions. The range of alternative strategies (both collaborative and innovative) undertaken by Australian practitioners provide lessons for practice elsewhere.Originality/valueThis article adds to the body of knowledge associated with policy implementation and provides practical recommendations for the development and promotion of health leadership development programmes.