bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O que será das instituições de educação superior comunitárias e confessionais?
Authors: Sguissardi Valdemar 
Published: February 2019

Este artigo visa contextualizar as levas de demissão de docentes da Unimep e de outras instituições de educação superior comunitárias e confessionais ocorridas no final de 2017 . Visa também demonstrar que, apesar de especificidades próprias à gestão das instituições metodistas, via “Rede Metodista”, isto faz parte de um fenômeno muito mais amplo que decorre de vários fatores presentes no país. Entre esses estão mudanças na produção (ajuste neoliberal), reforma do Estado, política de educação superior vigente, e o aprofundamento do que traduzem os neologismos mercadização, mercadorização e mercantilização da educação superior. Esse fenômeno apresenta alguns traços comuns ao que ocorre em países centrais e da periferia do capitalismo dominado pela racionalidade neoliberal, mas também revela outros, muito particulares e próprios, que diferem significativamente dos que vigem no exterior. Diante disso, conclui-se afirmando que a pergunta do título deste texto – o que será das instituições de educação superior comunitárias e confessionais? – precisa ser sempre reposta, seja para questionar a gestão dessas instituições de tão reconhecida importância no país, seja para denunciar os caminhos seguidos pela política de educação superior no Brasil, que está celeremente se deixando conduzir pela racionalidade neoliberal dominadora do mercado e do próprio Estado.
Conhecimento escolar e deficiência intelectual: dados da realidade
Authors: Silva Cláudio Rodrigues da , Moraes Agnes Iara Domingos 
Published: February 2019

Trata-se de resenha do livro intitulado Conhecimento escolar e deficiência intelectual: dados da realidade, de autoria de Anna Augusta Sampaio de Oliveira, publicado em 2018, pela CRV.
Pemisahan Itrium dengan Cara Ekstraksi Menggunakan Solven TOPO
Authors: Handini Tri , Sukarna I Made , Yuniyanti Anisa Dwi 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRAK Telah dilakukan proses pemisahan itrium dengan cara ekstraksi menggunakan solven TOPO. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kondisi optimum pengaruh variasi konsentrasi ekstraktan, waktu pengadukan, dan keasaman umpan logam tanah jarang serta mengetahui koefisien distribusi (Kd), faktor pisah (FP), dan efisiensi ekstraksi (%), dengan metode ekstraksi cair-cair. Umpan yang digunakan adalah logam tanah jarang dari pasir senotim. Ekstraktan yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah TOPO (tri-n-oktilfosfina oksida). Kadar itrium (Y), disprosium (Dy), dan gadolinium (Gd) ditentukan menggunakan spektrometer pendar sinar-X. Kondisi optimum yang diperoleh dari penelitian proses ekstraksi ini meliputi: konsentrasi ekstraktan 20% TOPO dalam kerosin, waktu pengadukan 15 menit, keasaman umpan 0,5 M. Nilai koefisien distribusi yang diperoleh Y = 5,61; Dy = 2,06; Gd = 0,99. Efisiensi ekstraksi Y = 85,13%, Dy = 67,80%, Gd = 50,17% sedangkan faktor pisah Y-Dy = 2,7186 dan Y-Gd = 5,6861. ABSTRACT Separation process of yttrium by extraction using TOPO solvents has been done. The purpose of this study is to find out the optimum condition of the variation effect of extractant concentration, stirring time, and acidity of the rare earth feed and to determine the distribution coefficient, separation factor, and extraction efficiency (%), using the liquid-liquid extraction method. The feed used were rare earth elements of xenotime sand. The extractant used in the research were TOPO (tri-n-octylphosphine oxide). Concentration of yttrium (Y), disprosium (Dy), and gadolinium (Gd) were determined using X-ray fluorescene spectrometer. Optimum conditions of the extraction process obtained from this study were: TOPO extractant concentration in kerosene 20%, stirring time 15 minutes, acidity of feed 0.5 M. Obtained value of distribution coefficient Y = 5.61; Dy = 2.06; Gd = 0.99. For extraction efficiency Y = 85.13%, Dy = 67.80%, Gd = 50.17% whereas separation factor Y-Dy = 2.7186 and Y-Gd = 5.6861.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN BLENDED LEARNING BERBASIS SCHOOLOGY TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA
Authors: Ambar Ningsih Wiwik Suci , Suana Wayan , Maharta Nengah 
Published: February 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh penggunaan Blended learning berbasis schoology terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan design penelitian Non-Equivalent Control Group Design. Selanjutnya populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu seluruh siswa XII IPA SMA Negeri 5 Metro dengan sampel yang terpilih melalui teknik purposive sampling yaitu XII IPA 1 dan 2. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan berbentuk tes pilihan jamak untuk mengukur kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa. Teknik analisis data menggunakan Uji N-Gain dan uji Independent Sample T-test . Nilai rata-rata N-gain kemampuan berpikir kritis pada kelas ekperimen sebesar 0,43 dengan kategori sedang, sedangkan kelas kontrol dengan kategori rendah bernilai 0,10. Berdasarkan hasil dari uji Independent Sample T-test, nilai Asymp. Sig. (2-Tailed) kurang dari 0,05 yaitu sebesar 0,000, maka H0 ditolak. Jadi terdapat perbedaan rata-rata kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol secara siginifikan.Artinya penerapan blended learning berbasis schoology memberikan pengaruh yang siginifikan terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis.
The Correlation between Internet Literacy and Passive Vocabulary Size
Authors: Weganofa Riza , Lutviana Rizky 
Published: February 2019

This research aimed at describing the correlation between students’ internet literacy and their passive vocabulary size. The findings of this research were expected to predict how much the two variables correlate. This research was beneficial as inter internet users in Indonesia were growing in numbers (55 billion users in 2011), and most of them were students. Their intensity in using internet would affect on education, later. Thus, it was important to see whether there was a strong positive correlation between students’ internet literacy and their passive vocabulary size. Passive vocabulary became the limitation of this research as it could explain how big students’ ‘vocabulary reservoir,’ and thus, it could predict the active vocabulary size.This was a correlational research involving randomly 81 senior students of English Education Department. The instruments used were a set of vocabulary test, and a questionnaire on internet literacy. Using two-tailed significant level, it is found that the result of rho is -0,001 with 0,993 of significant level. Therefore, there is no correlation between students’ internet literacy and their passive vocabulary size. It can be concluded that there are other factors which affect students’ passive vocabulary.
The Character Formation of Children in Japan: A Study of Japanese Children Textbook on Moral Education (Doutoku)
Authors: Unsriana Linda , Ningrum Rosita 
Published: February 2019

The purpose of this research was to explore any underlying messages or moral principle in Japanese elementary school textbook titled “Watashitachi no Doutoku” and its correlation with the character formation of children in Japan. The method used in this research was the literature review that was derived from corpus data in the form of an original Japanese manuscript. The corpus data were derived from textbooks that were still being used in Japan to date, in the form of original books in the Japanese language from the first grade to sixth grade elementary school, whereas the research method used a descriptive analysis method. The problem analysis was divided into four sections, including intrapersonal morality, interpersonal moral value, morality toward nature, and morality toward society. The conclusion indicates that character installment through special school subjects, namely moral education (doutoku), using Watashitachi no Doutoku influences character formation of elementary school children in Japan.
International Entrepreneurship as Development of Entrepreneurship Education: A Study Case of ASEAN Economic Community Countries
Authors: Wimpertiwi Dotty 
Published: February 2019

The objectives of this research were; (1) adding up the enrichment in the entrepreneurship education in BINUS to change the mindset of the students to be able to compete and create the new workspace in the AEC, especially in three countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore) using PEST analysis to understand more about how doing entrepreneurship global or international. (2) Giving the contribution to enrich the knowledge of the basic concept of AEC for entrepreneur students. (3) Providing the insight on the challenge and the opportunity especially in International Entrepreneur. The research methods were qualitative and descriptive analysis follow by literature study. Results show that by learning entrepreneurship of ASEAN will change the mindset of the students to be more competing when doing business. There are several opportunity and challenge in neighboring countries between the member of the AEC, for the university that has the start-up or SMEs for being global or international.
Demonstration of energy-saving membrane bioreactor (MBR) systems
Authors: Yamashita Kyoko , Itokawa Hiroki , Hashimoto Toshikazu 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) have the advantages of achieving excellent effluent quality, a small footprint and smooth operation and maintenance. On the other hand, its high energy consumption remains a critical challenge for MBR application. Japan Sewage Works Agency has conducted a series of joint researches with several private companies since 2012 and developed four kinds of energy-saving MBR systems. Based on the results of long-term pilot-scale demonstrations, specific energy consumption (SEC) per unit treated effluent volume was calculated for each MBR system, resulting in all systems achieving SEC of 0.4 kWh/m3 or less. To meet an additional requirement for expanding MBR application, it is also necessary to establish the applicability of MBR systems to combined sewer systems, suffering from occasional inflow fluctuation caused by rainfall. The capability of temporary higher flux operation during and after rainy weather was also demonstrated with three of the four developed systems.
3D Printing in Personalized Drug Delivery
Authors: Afsana  , Jain Vineet , Haider Nafis , Jain Keerti 
Published: February 2019

Background:
Personalized medicines are becoming more popular as they enable the use of patient’s
genomics and hence help in better drug design with fewer side effects. In fact, several doses can be combined into
one dosage form which suits the patient’s demography. 3 Dimensional (3D) printing technology for personalized
medicine is a modern day treatment method based on genomics of patient.

Methods:
3D printing technology uses digitally controlled devices for formulating API and excipients in a layer
by layer pattern for developing a suitable personalized drug delivery system as per the need of patient. It includes
various techniques like inkjet printing, fused deposition modelling which can further be classified into continuous
inkjet system and drop on demand. In order to formulate such dosage forms, scientists have used various polymers
to enhance their acceptance as well as therapeutic efficacy. Polymers like polyvinyl alcohol, poly (lactic
acid) (PLA), poly (caprolactone) (PCL) etc can be used during manufacturing.

Results:
Varying number of dosage forms can be produced using 3D printing technology including immediate
release tablets, pulsatile release tablets, and transdermal dosage forms etc. The 3D printing technology can be
explored successfully to develop personalized medicines which could play a vital role in the treatment of lifethreatening
diseases. Particularly, for patients taking multiple medicines, 3D printing method could be explored to
design a single dosage in which various drugs can be incorporated. Further 3D printing based personalized drug
delivery system could also be investigated in chemotherapy of cancer patients with the added advantage of the
reduction in adverse effects.

Conclusion:
In this article, we have reviewed 3D printing technology and its uses in personalized medicine.
Further, we also discussed the different techniques and materials used in drug delivery based on 3D printing along
with various applications of the technology.
Recent Advances in Rational Diagnosis and Treatment of Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus: A Critical Appraisal on Novel Diagnostic, Therapy Monitoring and Treatment Modalities
Authors: Zhang Lei , Hussain Zahid , Ren Zhuanqin 
Published: February 2019

Background:Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a critical brain disorder in which excess Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) is accumulated in the brain’s ventricles causing damage or disruption of the brain tissues. Amongst various signs and symptoms, difficulty in walking, slurred speech, impaired decision making and critical thinking, and loss of bladder and bowl control are considered the hallmark features of NPH.Objective:The current review was aimed to present a comprehensive overview and critical appraisal of majorly employed neuroimaging techniques for rational diagnosis and effective monitoring of the effectiveness of the employed therapeutic intervention for NPH. Moreover, a critical overview of recent developments and utilization of pharmacological agents for the treatment of hydrocephalus has also been appraised.Results:Considering the complications associated with the shunt-based surgical operations, consistent monitoring of shunting via neuroimaging techniques hold greater clinical significance. Despite having extensive applicability of MRI and CT scan, these conventional neuroimaging techniques are associated with misdiagnosis or several health risks to patients. Recent advances in MRI (i.e., Sagittal-MRI, coronal-MRI, Time-SLIP (time-spatial-labeling-inversion-pulse), PC-MRI and diffusion-tensor-imaging (DTI)) have shown promising applicability in the diagnosis of NPH. Having associated with several adverse effects with surgical interventions, non-invasive approaches (pharmacological agents) have earned greater interest of scientists, medical professional, and healthcare providers. Amongst pharmacological agents, diuretics, isosorbide, osmotic agents, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, glucocorticoids, NSAIDs, digoxin, and gold-198 have been employed for the management of NPH and prevention of secondary sensory/intellectual complications.Conclusion:Employment of rational diagnostic tool and therapeutic modalities avoids misleading diagnosis and sophisticated management of hydrocephalus by efficient reduction of Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) production, reduction of fibrotic and inflammatory cascades secondary to meningitis and hemorrhage, and protection of brain from further deterioration.
Novel Herbal Topical Patch Containing Curcumin and Arnica montana for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis
Authors: Kriplani Priyanka , Guarve Kumar , Baghel Uttam Singh 
Published: February 2019

Background:
Osteoarthritis (OA) ranks fifth among all forms of disability affecting 10%
of the world population. Current treatments available are associated with multiple side effects and
do not slow down the progression of the disease. Moreover, no such effective treatment is available
to date in various systems of medicine to treat osteoarthritis. Curcumin and Arnica have shown evident
clinical advances in the treatment of osteoarthritis.

Objective:
The aim of the present study was to design, optimize and characterize novel herbal
transdermal patches of curcumin and Arnica montana using factorial design.

Methods:
A multiple factorial design was employed to investigate the effect of hydroxypropyl
methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose and jojoba oil on elongation and drug release. Transdermal patches
were evaluated by FTIR, DSC, FESEM, ex vivo drug permeation, anti osteoarthritic activity and
analgesic activity.

Results:
Independent variables exhibited a significant effect on the physicochemical properties of
the prepared formulations. The higher values of drug release and elongation were observed with the
higher concentration of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and jojoba oil. Anti osteoarthritic activity
was assessed by complete Freund's adjuvant arthritis model; using rats and analgesic activity by
Eddy's hot plate method, using mice. Combination patch exhibited good anti osteoarthritic and analgesic
activity as compare to individual drug patches.

Conclusion:
The design results revealed that the combination patch exhibited good physicochemical,
anti osteoarthritic and analgesic activity for the treatment of osteoarthritis in animals. More
plants and their combinations should be explored to get reliable, safe and effective formulations
that can compete with synthetic drugs.
Employment Barriers into US Healthcare Management Industry for New Facilities Management College Graduates
Authors: Call Steven , Sullivan Kenneth , Smithwick Jake 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose
The purpose of this research is to better understand employment barriers into the healthcare facilities management (FM) industry for new FM college graduates.

Design/methodology/approach
A national survey was distributed to healthcare FM managers and directors to collect information on individual demographics, hiring practices, and opinions of FM college graduates. Designated survey respondents were also contacted for phone interviews.

Findings
Results indicate that strong homogeneousness demographics, backgrounds, and paths of entry among existing healthcare FM professionals has created an industry bias against candidates attempting to enter healthcare FM from non-traditional sources. The healthcare FM industry's principal source for new talent comes from building trade succession within healthcare organizations. However, continuing to rely on building tradespersons as the main path of entry into the healthcare FM industry may prove problematic. Most existing healthcare facility managers and directors will be retiring within 10 years, yet it is taking more than 17 years of full-time work experience to prepare building tradespersons to assume these roles. Younger professionals are more commonly entering the healthcare FM through the path of higher education. Although few new college graduates enter the healthcare FM industry, they are experiencing similar promotion timeframes compared to other candidate with many years of full-time work experience. Unfamiliarity with FM academic programs, work experience requirements, limited entry-level jobs within small organizations, and low pay also present challenges for new FM college graduates attempting to enter the healthcare FM industry.

Originality/value
This paper is valuable in establishing major barriers of entering the healthcare FM industry for new FM college graduates. Findings may facilitate development of interventions by healthcare organizations and universities to further open FM academic programs as a sustainable source of new talent to help address healthcare FM attrition.
Auditing Standards, Professional Judgment, and Audit Quality
Authors: Gao Pingyang , Zhang Gaoqing 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT
We propose a model to study how auditing standards affect audit quality. We posit that both auditors' incentives and expertise are relevant for audit effectiveness. Auditing standards are useful in mitigating the auditors' possible misalignment of interest with investors. However, auditing standards also restrict auditors' exercise of professional judgment, which, in turn, leads to compliance mentality and reduces auditors' incentives to become competent in the first place. We identify the conditions under which stricter auditing standards increase or decrease audit quality. Moreover, stricter auditing standards always increase audit fees, but can benefit auditors at firms' expense. The model also generates many testable empirical predictions.
How Do Auditors Respond to FCPA Risk?
Authors: Lawson Bradley P. , Martin Gerald S. , Muriel Leah , Wilkins Michael S. 
Published: February 2019

SUMMARY
Using a sample of public firm FCPA violations, we investigate how auditors respond to FCPA risk. We find that audit fees are higher for FCPA violators beginning in the violation period with an additional increase during the period in which regulatory investigations occur. Fees exhibit a greater sensitivity to payables and SG&A expenses for FCPA violators than for non-violators, suggesting that auditors adapt their procedures for accounts that have the highest likely FCPA risk. We also find evidence of a contagion effect with respect to FCPA risk and audit fees among non-violating peers of FCPA violators. Finally, we show that many of the relationships we document for FCPA violators exist among non-violating firms with elevated foreign bribery risk as well, but in magnitudes that are smaller than those of confirmed FCPA violators.
Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events Following Simultaneous Pancreas and Kidney Transplantation in the United Kingdom
Authors: Yiannoullou Petros , Summers Angela , Goh Shu C. , Fullwood Catherine , Khambalia Hussein , Moinuddin Zia , Shapey Iestyn M. , Naish Josephine , Miller Christopher , Augustine Titus , Rutter Martin K. , van Dellen David 
Published: February 2019

OBJECTIVE
People with type 1 diabetes and kidney failure have an increased risk for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation (SPKT) improves survival, but the long-term risk for MACE is uncertain.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We assessed the frequency and risk factors for MACE (defined as fatal cardiovascular disease and nonfatal myocardial infarction or stroke) and related nonfatal MACE to allograft failure in SPKT recipients with type 1 diabetes who underwent transplantation between 2001 and 2015 in the U.K. In a subgroup, we related a pretransplant cardiovascular risk score to MACE.

RESULTS
During 5 years of follow-up, 133 of 1,699 SPKT recipients (7.8%) experienced a MACE. In covariate-adjusted models, age (hazard ratio 1.04 per year [95% CI 1.01–1.07]), prior myocardial infarction (2.6 [1.3–5.0]), stroke (2.3 [1.2–4.7]), amputation (2.0 [1.02–3.7]), donor history of hypertension (1.8 [1.05–3.2]), and waiting time (1.02 per month [1.0–1.04]) were significant predictors. Nonfatal MACE predicted subsequent allograft failure (renal 1.6 [1.06–2.6]; pancreas 1.7 [1.09–2.6]). In the subgroup, the pretransplant cardiovascular risk score predicted MACE (1.04 per 1% increment [1.02–1.06]).

CONCLUSIONS
We report a high rate of MACE in SPKT recipients. There are a number of variables that predict MACE, while nonfatal MACE increase the risk of subsequent allograft failure. It may be beneficial that organs from hypertensive donors are matched to recipients with lower cardiovascular risk. Pretransplant cardiovascular risk scoring may help to identify patients who would benefit from risk factor optimization or alternative transplant therapies and warrants validation nationally.