bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inflections of Periodicities of Background Photon Spectral Power Densities Are Predicted by the Lorentz Contraction for a Potential Indicator for the Intrinsic Structure of Space
Authors: Persinger Michael A 
Published: November 2018

Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â The value for the Lorentz contraction to produce a discrepancy for a hypothetical number that reflects a property (21.3Ï€4) of sub-matter space was calculated. When applied to time the contraction would be ~35 min. The difference in mass-equivalent energy for an electron at c (the velocity of light in a vacuum) and the required v was ~2 Â·10-20 J which has emerged as a significant quantity that may permeate from the force at Planckâ€™s Length when applied across the wavelength of the neutral hydrogen line. Two separate types of photomultiplier instruments (digital and analogue) measuring with different sampling rates for background photon quantities over 50 randomly selected days demonstrated averaged conspicuous inflections of standardized spectral power densities around 35 min. This is the same basic interval where microvariations in the value of the gravitational constant (G) approached a limit at which white noise dominated.Â The possibility is considered that this value for temporal inflections in photon power spectral densities may reflect the intrinsic nature of space-time contractions that relate gravity and photons.
Some flying animals that generate aversion to humans are the bats.
Authors: DueÃ±as Alejandro 
Published: November 2018

The incredible faculty of perception of the bat is vinculated to their system of ubication by means of eco resonance so;Â they are oriented by emitting high frequency sounds orientation, and receipting the echoes.Â In thaws way, detecting the objetcs around them, Perceiving one antennae no more of 1 mm of diameter, insects of size of a mosquito and objects as thin a human hair.
A Study on the Form Factors of Hadrons
Authors: Bhattacharya A. , Saha R. , Ghosh R. 
Published: November 2018

The form factors of the heavy mesons like Bc+ , Î·b, B0s, F+, B0 , D, Ïˆ,Â Ï•, proton and also deuteron are investigated in the framework of the statistical model for low momentum transfer Q in the range 0.01 â‰¤ Q2 â‰¤ 0.1 GeV2.It has been observedthat the heavy-light flavour mesonic form factors show a scaling behavior in the aforesaid low Q2 range. The proton form factor also shows almost scaling in the aforesaid range whereas the deuteron form factor shows a clear violation indicating large contribution from sea quarks and gluon sector.
Extended Jacobian Elliptic Function Expansion Method and Its Applications in Mathematical Physics
Authors: Khater Mostafa 
Published: November 2018

In this work, an extended Jacobian elliptic function expansion method is proposed forÂ constructing the exact solutions of nonlinear evolution equations. The validity and reliability of the methodÂ are tested by its applications to some nonlinear evolution equations which play an important role inmathematical physics.
The Product of the Calculated Impedance and the Capacitance of the Universe Solves for Planckâ€™s Time and 8Ï€
Authors: Persinger Michael A , Koren Stanley A 
Published: November 2018

The prominence of 8Ï€ in cosmological solutions regarding the structure of space might be accommodated by factors other than the presence of mass. When the total set is considered a LC (inductance-capacitance) circuit, the â€œtime constantâ€ differs from Planckâ€™s time by a factor of 8Ï€ which satisfies the numbers of turns (N) within the geometry of a universal solenoid. The calculated separation between two concentric spherical Casimir boundaries whose energies and pressures define the current universe is ~54 Î¼m. If the volume of the universe was held constant the linear distance of this extraordinarily flat space would require the hypothetical entanglement velocity (~1023Â mÂ·s-1) continuing until the final epoch (~1018Â s) of the universe to be integrated into a singular entity. We suggest that 8Ï€ may be a reflection of the temporal properties of an implicit solenoid-like spatial structure that will ultimately be manifested quite differently as the temporal boundary of the universe is approached. Two perspectives emerge. The first reflects the topological properties of a line that become the second derivative of the surface of a sphere. The second is the shape would be extraordinarily flat.
The effect of etchants on surface of CdTe single crystal
Authors: Mousavi S. Javad 
Published: November 2018

Cadmium telluride crystals (CdTe) have been grown by the sublimation method. The crystal polarity of the CdTe with the zincblend structure has been studied. Two different crystallographic defect and etch pits are revealed on the (111) Cd and Â Te surfaces by different etchant.
Rapidity Distribution of Charged Pions From Pb+Pb and Au+Au Central Collisions
Authors: Abdalla Ahmed Mohamed 
Published: November 2018

Rapidity distributions for charged pions produced from central collisions Pb+Pb and Au+Au at (b â‰¤ 3.4 fm.) in range of energy 2 GeV up to Â = 200 GeV are investigated. The experimental results are studied Â in terms of the Ultra-relativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamic Model Ur-QMD. In general, the model can give suitable predictions of rapidity distributions for production of charged pions from interactions with energies below 160 A GeV. This model is supported the assumption that the onset of de-confinement is located at low energies. It treats the initial nucleon-nucleon interactions within a string-hadronic framework. In addition, it includes effects such as string-string interactions and hadronic re-scattering that expected to be relevant in A+A collisions. There is a kind of similarity for mechanism responsible for production of the two charge states of pions and it can extended to other hadrons. Ultra-relativistic quantum molecular dynamic model give good description on energy dependence for charged pion productions and points of maximum rapidity.Â
THE NOTHING THAT REALLY IS!
Authors: Malek Abdul 
Published: November 2018

The denial of the existence of contradiction is at the root of all idealism in epistemology and the cause for alienations.Â This alienation has become a hindrance for the understanding of the nature and the historical evolution mathematics itself and its role as an instrument in the enquiry of the physical universe (1).Â A dialectical materialist approach incorporatingÂ the role of the contradiction of the unity of the opposites, chance and necessity etc., can provide a proper understanding of the historical evolution of mathematics andÂ may ameliorate Â the negative effect of the alienation in modern theoretical physics and cosmology. The dialectical view also offers a more plausible materialist interpretation of the bewildering wave-particle duality in quantum dynamics (2).
The Philosophy of Space-Time: Whence Cometh Matter and Motion?
Authors: Malek Abdul 
Published: November 2018

From the macrocosm to the microcosm, natural science has so far confirmedÂ the most fundamental assertion of materialist dialectics that there can be no matter without motion and no motion without matter. This view of the objective reality is in sharp conflict with the one proposed by Albert Einstein in his theory of General Relativity (GR). According to Einstein, â€œSince the theory of general relativity (GR) implies the representation of physical reality by a continuous field, the concept of particles and material points cannot play a fundamental part and neither can the concept of motion. The particle can only appear as a limited region in space in which the field strength or energy density is particularly highâ€(1).This article offers a dialectical perspective of the internal dynamics of Space-Time-Matter-Motion of the infinite universe, mediated by the virtual particles of the quantum vacuum. It is at the same time a refutation of the finite,Â non-material and abstract four dimensional spacetime geometric manifold as the ontological basis of objective reality, proposed by Minkowski andÂ Einstein.
MicroVolt Variations of The Human Brain (Quantitative Electroencephalography) Display Differential Torque Effects During West-East versus North-South Orientation in the Geomagnetic Field
Authors: Persinger Michael A , Vares David A , Corradini Paula L 
Published: November 2018

Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â The human brain was assumed to be an elliptical electric dipole. Repeated quantitative electroencephalographic measurements over several weeks were completed for a single subject who sat in either a magnetic eastward or magnetic southward direction. The predicted potential difference equivalence for the torque while facing perpendicular (west-to-east) to the northward component of the geomagnetic field (relative to facing south) was 4 Î¼V. The actual measurement was 10 Î¼V. The oscillation frequency around the central equilibrium based upon the summed units of neuronal processes within the cerebral cortices for the moment of inertia was 1 to 2 ms which are the boundaries for the action potential of axons and the latencies for diffusion of neurotransmitters. The calculated additional energy available to each neuron within the human cerebrum during the torque condition was ~10-20 J which is the same order of magnitude as the energy associated with action potentials, resting membrane potentials, and ligand-receptor binding. It is also the basic energy at the level of the neuronal cell membrane that originates from gravitational forces upon a single cell and the local expression of the uniaxial magnetic anisotropic constant for ferritin which occurs in the brain. These results indicate that the more complex electrophysiological functions that are strongly correlated with cognitive and related human properties can be described by basic physics and may respond to specific geomagnetic spatial orientation.
Microwave wide band absorption by carbon from Corn cob-1
Authors: Sharon Maheshwar , Vishwakarma Ritesh , Phatak Abhijeet Rajendra , Kalita Golap , Sharma Nallin , Sharon Madhuri 
Published: November 2018

Corn cob, an agricultural waste, is paralyzed at different temperatures (700oC, 800oC and 900oC). Microwave absorption of carbon in the frequency range of 2 GHz to 8 GHz is reported. Carbon activated Â with 5%Â nickel nitrate showed more than 90% absorption of microwave in the frequency range from 6 GHz to 8 GHz, while carbon activated Â with 10% Nickel nitrate treated corn cob showed 90% absorptionÂ in the frequency range of 2.5 GHz to 5 GHz. Carbon showing the best absorption are characterized by XRD, Raman spectra and SEM . It is suggested that corn cob treatmentÂ Â alone with KOH did not improve the microwave absorption, whereas treatment along with nickel nitrate improved the absorption property much better. It is proposed that treatment with nickel nitrate helps in creating suitable pores in carbonÂ Â which improved the absorption behavior because while treating carbon with 1N HCl helps to leach out nickel creating equivalent amount of pores in the carbon.
Characterization of Indium addition on Sn-Bi-Sb Lead free Solder alloy
Authors: Mahlab Sara Mosaad , Kamal Mustafa , Mansour Abd El-Raouf Mohamed 
Published: November 2018

The aim of these work is to measure the effect of the addition of In with different atomic percent weight on structure, melting, Electrical and mechanical properties of Sn70-X at.% -Bi15 at.% -Sb15 at.%- Inx at.% Â rapidly solidified. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), temperature dependence of resistivity (TDR), and mechanical resonance method are performed. It's found that electrical conductivity (Ïƒ) and thermal conductivity (K) increased gradually by increasing In at.%. Melting temperature reduced from 470.12 K for Sn70 at.%- Bi15 at.%- Sb15 at.% to 427.13 K in Sn61 at.%- Bi15 at.%- Sb15 at.%- In9 at.%. Also, elastic moduli, internal friction and thermal diffusivity measured from melt-quenched ribbons.Â
Microstructural analysis for Sn-Bi-Sb-In alloy prepared by rapid solidification
Authors: Mahlab Sara Mosaad , Kamal Mustafa , Mansour Abd El-Raouf 
Published: November 2018

In the present study, Sn70-X at.% -Bi15 at.% -Sb15 at.%- Inx at.%Â alloy ( x= 0, 2, 4, 6),Â were prepared by melt spinning technique. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), and Vickers microhardness (Hv); were used to characterize the phase transformation and the microstructure evolution. The results contribute to the understanding of the microstructure evolution in alloys of the type prepared by melt spinning technique. This work reports on a comparative study of the rapidly solidified, in order to compare the microhardness and microstructural analysis.Â
A Comparison of Rheological Models and Experimental Data of Metallocene Linear Low Density Polyethylene Solutions as a Function of Temperature and Concentration
Authors: Hamza Salah 
Published: November 2018

Knowledge of rheological properties of polymer and their variation with temperature and concentration have been globally important for processing and fabrication of polymers in order to make useful products. Basheer et al. [1] investigated, experimentally, the changes in rheological properties of metallocene linear low density polyethylene (mLLDPE) solutions by using a rotational rheometer model AR-G2 with parallel plate geometry. Their work covered the temperature range from Â to Â andÂ concentration from Â to . In this paper, we reconsider Basheer work to describe the rheological behavior of mLLDPE solutions and its dependence on concentration and temperature.Until now, several models have been built to describe the complex behavior of polymer fluids with varying degrees of success. In this article, Oldroyd 4-constant, Giesekus and Power law models were tested for investigating the viscosity of mLLDPE solution as a function of shear rate. Results showed that Giesekus and power law models provide the best prediction of viscosity for a wide range of shear rates at constant temperature and concentration. Therefore, Giesekus and power law models were suitable for all mLLDPE solutions while Oldroyd 4-constant model doesn't.A new proposed correlation for the viscosity of mLLDPE solutions as a function of shear rate, temperature and concentration has been suggested. The effect of temperature and concentration can be adequately described by an Arrhenius-type and exponential function respectively. The proposed correlation form was found to fit the experimental data adequately.
A FIXED POINT APPROACH TO THE STABILITY OF GENERAL QUADRATIC EULER-LAGRANGE FUNCTIONAL EQUATIONS IN INTUITIONISTIC FUZZY SPACES
Authors: Kim Seong Sik , Kim Ga Ya 
Published: November 2018

In this paper, we prove the generalized Hyers-Ulam stability of a general k-quadratic Euler-Lagrange functional equation:for any fixed positive integerÂ in intuitionistic fuzzy normed spaces using a fixed point method.
Comparison between different boost dose delivery techniques to the tumor bed of right sided breast cancer patients.
Authors: El-Hdidy Aly Mahmoud 
Published: November 2018

Comparisons between three different techniques by which the boost dose was delivered to the tumor bed were carried out , aiming to present the best technique of treatment for right breast cancer patients.In this study, ten right sided breast cancer computed tomography (CT) scans were selected for ten early right breast cancer patients. We made three different treatment plans for each patient CT using three different irradiation techniques to deliver a prescribed boost dose of 10 Gy in 5 fractions to the boost PTV. In the first technique, two tangential photon beams were used, in the second technique we, two oblique photon beams were used and in the third technique, a single electron beam was used. The comparative analyses between the three techniques were performed by comparing the boost PTV- dose volume histograms (DVHs), the ipsilateral breast (right breast) DVHs, the ipsilateral lung (right lung) DVHs and the heart DVHs of the three techniques for each patient. Furthermore the dose that covering 100% , 95% of the volume (D100% , D95%) and the volume covered by 95% of the dose (V95%)ofÂ the boost PTV of all techniques, were calculated for each patient to investigate the dose coverage of the target.Results showed that there were variations of the dose received by tumor bed, right breast and OARs depending on the technique used and the target location and size. A decrease of D100% than 90% of the prescribed dose was observed with the 3rd technique for patients 8, 9 and 10, and was observed with the 2nd technique for patient 5. A reduction of right breast dose was observed when the 3rd technique was use in comparison with the 1st and the 2nd techniques for patients 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8.Â Also reduction of right breast was observed when the 2nd technique used in comparison with 1st technique. An increase of lung dose was observed with the 3rd technique for patients 1, 2, 5 and 6, also was observed with 2nd technique in patient 3, 5 and 7. A decrease of lung dose was observed with the 1st technique for patients 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9An individualized treatment, several plans using different irradiation techniques should be developed for each patient individually to reach the best boost PTV dose coverage with minimal OARsâ€™ dose.Â
AC-Impedance, Dynamic mechanical analysis and DSC investigations on poly(methyl methacrylate)â€“LiTf polymer electrolyte systems
Authors: Soliman Abdulhamid Mohammed , El. Shafee Ezeldain 
Published: November 2018

Gel polymer electrolytes synthesized from Poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) as the host, ethylene carbonate (EC)/propylene carbonate (PC) as plasticizer and LiCF3SO3 (LiTf) as a salt has been prepared using solution casting technique. X-ray characterization confirms the complete dissociation of the LiTf salt in the gel polymer. The effect of LiTfÂ salt on ionic conductivity, ionic transference number (tion) andÂ mechanical characteristics were investigated. The ac impedance has been studied to evaluate the ionic conductivity. It was observed that the ionic conductivity of the prepared gel reached the highest value ofÂ 6.60 x 10-5 S/cm at 10.2 wt.% (1M) of LiTf salt. The temperature dependence studies showed that the samples were ionic conductors and seemed to obey the Vogelâ€“Tammanâ€“Fulcher (VTF) rule.Â Dynamic mechanicalÂ analysis (DMA) indicates thatÂ the LiTf salt induces a remarkable increase in the storage modulus of the matrix at temperatures above the glass transition (rubbery plateau region).
Magnetic Properties of xCeO2â€¢(50 âˆ’ x) PbOâ€¢50B2O3 Glasses and Glass Ceramics
Authors: Damrawi G.El , Gharghar F. 
Published: November 2018

Cerium oxide in borate glasses of composition xCeO2Â·(50 âˆ’ x)PbOÂ·50B2O3 plays an important role in changing both microstructure and magnetic behaviors of the system. The structural role of CeO2 as an effective agent for cluster and crystal formation in borate network is clearly evidenced by XRD technique. Both structure and size of well-formed cerium separated clusters have an effective influence on the structural properties. The cluster aggregations are documented to be found in different range ordered structures, intermediate and long range orders are the most structures in which cerium phases are involved. The nano-sized crystallized cerium species in lead borate phase are evidenced to have magnetic behavior. The criteria of building new specific borate phase enriched with cerium as ferrimagnetism has been found to keep the magnetization in large scale even at extremely high temperature. Treating the glass thermally or exposing it to an effective dose of ionized radiation is evidenced to have an essential change in magnetic properties. Thermal heat treatment for some of investigated materials is observed to play dual roles in the glass matrix. It can not only enhance alignment processes of the magnetic moment but also increases the capacity of the crystallite species in the magnetic phases. On the other hand, reverse processes are remarked under the effect of irradiation. The magnetization was found to be lowered, since several types of the trap centers which are regarded as defective states can be produced by effect of ionized radiation.
On the Theoretical Possibility to Generate Gravitational Waves Using Electromagnetic Waves
Authors: SANDU Constantin 
Published: November 2018

This paper demonstrates that according to a consequence of General Theory of Relativity, a high amount of electromagnetic waves, such as ultraviolet light, injected between two or more parallel reflective surfaces must generate through multiple reflections gravitational waves having a significant power which are radiated into space. The emitted gravitational waves have the same frequency as the incident electromagnetic waves and are directed along the normal to the reflective surfaces. This papers derives, an equation connecting the radiated gravitational power with the electromagnetic energy injected between reflective plates. The radiated gravitational power can be enhanced and focused on a point using multiple reflective calottes.
The Deformation Structure of the Nuclei 32S and 36Ar
Authors: Kharroube K. A. 
Published: November 2018

We applied two different approaches to investigate the deformation structures of the two nuclei S32 and Ar36 . In the first approach, we considered these nuclei as being deformed and have axes of symmetry. Accordingly, we calculated their moments of inertia by using the concept of the single-particle SchrÃ¶dinger fluid as functions of the deformation parameter Î². In this case we calculated also the electric quadrupole moments of the two nuclei by applying Nilsson model as functions of Î². In the second approach, we used a strongly deformed nonaxial single-particle potential, depending on Î² and the nonaxiality parameter Î³ , to obtain the single-particle energies and wave functions. Accordingly, we calculated the quadrupole moments of S32 and Ar36 by filling the single-particle states corresponding to the ground- and the first excited states of these nuclei. The moments of inertia of S32 and Ar36 are then calculated by applying the nuclear superfluidity model. The obtained results are in good agreement with the corresponding experimental data.
Photocatalytic treatment to inhibit the growth of skin cancerous cells
Authors: Sharon Maheshwar 
Published: November 2018

A photocatalytic technique has been applied to study the inhibition of growth of cancerous cell . A suspension of semiconducting carbon (band gap 1.2 eV) in methanol (2 mg/ml in methanol) on administering to C6- Glioma (5 x 106 cells) tumor transplanted in Wistar pups and exposing it with visible light (15 Lux) for 30 min. inhibited the growth of cells while exposure of the cells alone either with light or semiconducting carbon did not show any appreciable inhibition. The mechanism responsible to inhibit of the growth of the cell is discussed. It is proposed that some medical practitioners would adopt this technique to cure skin cancer.Â Walchand Center for Nanotechnology and Bionanotechnology, Walchand College of Arts and Science, Solapur.India