bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE FLOW AROUND A SQUARE CYLINDER USING THE VORTEX METHOD
Authors: Guedes V. G . , Bodstein G . C. R. , Hirata M. H. 
Published: September 2018

The study of external incompressible flows around bluff bodies finds extensive applicability to real-life problems. Such flows are characterized by unsteady flow separation for high values of the Reynolds number, where a Von Karman-type periodic wake is formed. The prediction of these flows is very difficult, and one has usually to rely on specific experimental data to calculate the aerodynamic forces on the body. In order to numerically simulate this flow, this paper uses a new mesh-free two-dimensional Discrete Vortex Method associated with a Panel Method to calculate the lift and drag coefficients, as well as the pressure coefficient on a square cylinder, for a high Reynolds number flow. Lamb vortices are generated along the cylinder surface, whose strengths are determined to ensure that the no-slip condition is satisfied and that circulation is conserved. The impermeability condition is imposed through a source panel method, so that mass conservation is explicitly enforced. The dynamics of the body wake is computed using the convection-diffusion splitting algorithm, where the diffusion process is simulated using the random walk method, and the convection process is carried out with a lagrangian second-order time-marching scheme. Results for the aerodynamic forces and pressure distribution are presented.
PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF LARGE EDDY SIMULATIONS OF A HYDROCYCLONE
Authors: Souza F. J. , Silveira Neto A. 
Published: September 2018

Subgrid-scale modeling, which characterizes Large Eddy Simulation (LES), has been used to predict the behavior of a water-fed hydrocyclone operating without an air core. The governing equations were solved by a fractional step method on a staggered grid. The Smagorinsky subgrid-scale model was employed to account for turbulent effects. Numerical results actually capture the main features of the flow pattern and agree reasonably well with experiments, suggesting that LES represents an interesting alternative to classical turbulence models when applied to the numerical solution of fluid flows within hydrocyclones.
CHARACTERIZATION OF EQUILIBRIUM CONDITIONS OF ADSORBED SILICAGEL/WATER BED ACCORDING TO DUBININASTAKHOV AND FREUNDLICH
Authors: Afonso M. R. A. , Silveira Jr. V. 
Published: September 2018

Systems of adsorption have been studied as an alternative for the cooling systems for saving electrical energy. The main advantage is the heat as the driving sources, for example, hot water or waste heat, widely used in the industries, and solar energy. The pair adsorbent/ adsorbate determines the behavior of these systems. Therefore, the knowledge of the equilibrium conditions between the adsorbent and the adsorbate is very important. The pair silica gel/water has the advantage of exploiting low-temperature heat sources. In this paper, the equilibrium conditions of the pair silica gel/water were investigated and the data were used to identify the coefficients of Dubinin-Astakhov equation and Freundlich equation. The experiments consisted of measuring temperature and pressure for different adsorbed mass of water in the adsorbent (silica gel). The amount of adsorbed mass (kg) per adsorbent mass (kg) used were: 0.007, 0.013, 0.024, 0.047, 0.092, 0.162 and 0.209. Both equations showed good agreement with experimental data, the coefficients of regression (R2) were 0.991 on the Dubinin-Astakhov equation and 0.993 for the Freundlich equation.
EVALUATION OF ACCIDENTS WITH DOMINO EFFECT IN LPG STORAGE AREAS
Authors: Alencar J. R. B. , Barbosa R. A. P. , De Souza Jr. M. B. 
Published: September 2018

The term domino effect denotes a chain of accidents, or situations, in which a fire/explosion load generated by an accident in one unit in an industry causes secondary and higher order accidents in other units. Such chains of accidents have a greater propensity to cause damage than stand-alone accidents. Most of the past risk assessment studies deal with accident in a single industry, more so in one of the units of an industry. But, often, accident in one unit causes a secondary accident in a nearby unit, which in turn may trigger a tertiary accident, and so on. The probability of occurrence and adverse impacts of such domino or cascading effects are increasing due to increasing congestion in industrial complexes and increasing density of human population around such complexes. Accidents with domino effect are seldom studied. LPG storage areas could produce the worst possible consequences in the event of an unforeseen incident. This work illustrates the application of models to evaluate the impacts of events with fire and explosion in LPG tanks on other similar units in the park and the possibility of occurrence of a domino effect. The criteria for occurrence of accidents with domino effect adopted in this work were 37.5 kW/m2 in case of fire radiation and an overpressure of 0.7 atm in explosion cases in a receptor body. The spacing between LPG tanks was evaluated. The results show that such spacing is minimal and does not represent, as it should, a parameter indicating a safe distance able to prevent the propagation of an accident with domino effect.
DRYING STUDY OF EUCALYTPTUS STAIGERIANA LEAVES BY MONITORING THE HUMIDITY OF THE DRYER DISCHARGE
Authors: Braga N. P. , Starquit A. , Cremasco M. A. , Brito J. O. 
Published: September 2018

The drying phenomenon can be treated as simultaneous heat and mass transfer in both the light and heavy phases. In the present case, the phenomenons evolution is normally observed through the heating of and moisture removal from the heavy phase. On the other hand, while the material is heating, the light phase is cooling and humidifying. The goal of the present work is to present discharge air humidification curves as a function of the drying time for Eucalyptus staigeriana leaves drying experiments. For the air humidification measurements, a dry bulb thermocouple and relative humidity transducer were installed at both the dryer inlet and outlet. The dryer was linked to a data acquisition system, which recorded the dry bulb temperature and the relative humidity with time. These data were later used to calculate the air moisture content at the dryer inlet and outlet. The data obtained by this methodology are compared with the ones from drying kinetic (moisture content removing of the heavy phase along time), acquired by the evolution of wet material weight through the use of an analytical scale.
REDUCTION OF NITRIC OXIDE WITH CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FROM PEAT
Authors: Schultz E. L. , Moreira R. F. P. M. , José H. J. 
Published: September 2018

The direct NO reduction to produce N2 and CO2 using carbonaceous materials, chars and activated carbons, was studied. Chars were prepared from peat by pyrolysis, at temperatures ranging from 873 K to 1073 K. Activated carbons were prepared by the physical activation of chars with steam, in a steel reactor, at 1073 K for 12 minutes, 25 minutes and 45 minutes. The kinetics of NO reduction using chars and activated carbons produced at different experimental conditions were evaluated at different temperatures in the range 623-723 K. The gaseous products were essentially CO2 and N2 and the amount of CO produced was negligible. The effect of the temperature on the kinetics of reduction was also evaluated and the relationship between the rate constant and the temperature showed an Arrhenius dependence. Activation energies of the NO reduction were in the range 6.75 to 7.97 kcal.mol-1 for the chars and in the range 8.14 to 9.52 kcal.mol-1 for the activated carbons.
SIMULATION OF THE TEMPERATURE PROFILE OF A PECTIN SOLUTION IN A PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER: A NON-LINEAR SYSTEM APPROACH FOR CONTROL
Authors: Scariot M. R. , Berto M. I. , Silveira V. 
Published: September 2018

Experimental measurement can be made only of inlet and outlet global temperature of plate heat exchanger (PHE), therefore the temperature profile along of a PHE is hardly ever known. The goal of this work was to evaluate the influence of a non-Newtonian behavior of pectin solution in the temperature response curves along of the PHE. The results were obtained using a simulation codified in Matlab 6.1 software. The response curves resulted from the simulations were fitted to models for identification and characterization of the system linearity. The result shows a clear non-linear behavior of the response curves along the PHE.
HYBRID GENETIC ALGORITHM TO THE SYNTHESIS OF OPTIMAL HEAT EXCHANGER NETWORKS
Authors: Ravagnani M. A. S. S. , Silva A . P. , Constantino A. A. 
Published: September 2018

In this paper a new systematic is proposed, interfacing Pinch Analysis and Genetic Algorithms (GA). Initially the optimal ∆Tmin is found by using a genetic algorithm. In a second step, with the optimal ∆Tmin, the pinch point is obtained, and the problem is divided in two regions, below and above it. The optimal HEN is obtained for each side of the pinch and the final HEN is achieved. An example from the literature was solved using the proposed systematic. Results show the applicability of the proposed methodology, obtaining a cost value lower than those presented in the literature.
EMISSION AND ATMOSPHERIC IMPACT OF A CUBAN REFINERY
Authors: Colás J. A. , Díaz M. , Álvarez O. , Teuteló R. 
Published: September 2018

In the processes of an oil refinery, considerable emissions of atmospheric pollutants are generated that produces hazard to mans health and the environment. In this study, the obtained results of the characterization of the gaseous emissions by chimneys of the furnaces and boilers of the refinery are presented. The sampling and analysis of SO2, NOX, CO, total suspended particles, and flow measurements were carried out. The aromatic hydrocarbons were determined by UV Spectroscopy. The model of dispersion of pollutants emitted by chimneys was executed using the software for the calculation of the gas concentration from continuous industrial sources following the methodology approved in the Cuban standards, according to the Berliand Model. We conclude that the combustion processes of the Refinery reflect a fault, given the particles emissions. The emissions of the furnaces and boilers exert negative impact or pressure on the atmospheric environment in the area.
EFFECT OF OSMOTIC DEHYDRATION IN THE APPLE (Pyrus malus) VARIETIES GALA, GOLD AND FUJI
Authors: Moura C. P. , Masson M. L. , Yamamoto C. I. 
Published: September 2018

Some raw material characteristics were evaluated in three apple varieties Gala, Gold and Fuji. The study was undertaken to collect information in order to identify the effects of initial tissue properties on mass transport phenomena in general, and osmotic processing responses in particular. The apples, obtained from the local market, were washed, peeled and cut into 10 mm cube. After this, the samples were dehydrated in sugar osmotic solution (50% w/w) at 30°C and 110 rpm of agitation. The ratio of foodstuff to osmotic solution was greater than 1:20. The mass transfer kinetics was measured in intervals of 20 minutes during 3 hours. The mass transfer kinetics of the different apple varieties has presented different behavior during the osmotic dehydration. The apples vs. Gala have presented the highest water loss and solid gain. The vs. Gold presented a lower tendency to solid uptake.
MODELING AND SIMULATION OF THERMOELECTRIC PLANT OF COMBINED CYCLES AND ITS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
Authors: Mitre J. F. , Lacerda A. I. , De Lacerda R. F. 
Published: September 2018

The impact any power plant has upon the environment must be minimized as much as possible. Due to its high efficiency, low emission levels and low cooling requirements, combined cycle plants are considered to be environmentally friendly. This study evaluates the effect of operational conditions on pollutants (CO, CO2, SOx, NOx) emissions levels, waste-heat and wastewater of a combined-cycle natural gas and steam power plant. The HYSYS process simulation was used for modelling and simulation. The study clearly shows that the absolute quantity of pollutants emitted is high. Also, it was possible to verify that the unit operate in the condition of minimal emissions regarding the maximum possible, and thus a reduction or elimination of such pollutants is not possible.
LA REINE EST MORTE
Authors: JACOB CARMÉLIE 
Published: September 2018

La rivalité oedipienne entre une fille et une figure maternelle — qu’elle soit
mère, marâtre ou belle-mère (mother-in-law) — a toujours eu une place de choix dans
la forme brève, au point de donner lieu à sa propre typologie : celle de l’héroïne
persécutée. Si son ascendance remonte minimalement au mythe de Psyché et Cupidon contenu
dans les Métamorphoses d’Apulée, c’est aujourd’hui surtout à travers Blanche
Neige, Cendrillon et La Belle au bois dormant qu’on la connaît, et
particulièrement à travers le filtre que leur ont apposé Perrault, les frères Grimm et
Disney. Nombreux sont les hypotextes qui ont tenté de redonner ses armes à la protagoniste
passive des versions consacrées, de lui conférer une personnalité ; plus rarement toutefois
on s’est attaché à comprendre sa persécutrice. C’est à cet exercice que se livre Guillaume
Corbeil dans Trois princesses, en proposant des réécritures dont cet article montre
que la focalisation est bigénérationnelle. En analysant les nombreux jeux de miroirs à
partir desquels Corbeil construit ses récits, l’auteure révèle que mère et fille ne peuvent
s’y définir que l’une par rapport à l’autre, dans une perspective symétrique autant que
linéaire.
TRÉSORS DU ROMAN ET DU CONTE
Authors: MÉNARD SOPHIE 
Published: September 2018

Cet article observe la dynamique narrative du roman Frères, de David Clerson, publié en 2013 chez Héliotrope, comme une configuration créatrice d’épisodes reconnaissables et de motifs recyclés provenant tout à la fois des contes (naissance singulière, main coupée, enveloppement dans une peau de bête, odyssée, mort temporaire, etc.) et de scripts rituels à l’oeuvre dans les codes socioculturels qui régissent les manières de faire les jeunes garçons dans nos sociétés occidentales (rites de passage, « voie des oiseaux », ensauvagement). Contrairement au conte, qui organise des séquences d’actions rituelles accomplies et réussies, et à rebours du rite, dont la finalité est l’agrégation à la communauté, le roman met l’accent sur les échecs de la socialisation comprise dans son sens anthropologique comme une initiation aux différences des sexes et des âges. S’il s’alimente aux trésors des contes et aux logiques initiatiques, c’est pour dire et explorer, par des voies autres, la violence du réel, les difficiles traversées des gués dangereux de l’existence, la fin d’un monde et les désordres de la filiation.
Petroleum Refinery Processes
Authors: Speight James G. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPetroleum refining or petroleum processing is the recovery and/or generation of usable or salable fractions and products from crude oil, either by distillation or by chemical reaction of the crude oil constituents under the effects of heat and pressure. A refinery is a group of manufacturing plants that are designed to produce specific products; however, it must also be flexible to allow change of operations as needed.In this article, the petroleum refining process is described, from the initial pretreating of the well fluids to the finished products, as well as the gas treating processes for reducing emissions to the environment.
Ultrafiltration
Authors: Zydney Andrew L. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractUltrafiltration is a pressure‐driven membrane process used extensively for protein concentration and desalting, for recovery and recycle of colloidal electropaints, and for removal of natural organic matter, color compounds, and viruses in wastewater treatment and the production of potable water. The performance of an ultrafiltration process is determined by the intrinsic properties of the ultrafiltration membrane, most significantly the permeability and selectivity, in combination with the effects of concentration polarization and fouling. This article reviews the key principles of ultrafiltration, including membrane casting, module design, and process configurations as well as a brief discussion of some of the more important industrial applications of ultrafiltration in bioprocessing, dairy systems, and water treatment.
Vanillin
Authors: Havkin‐Frenkel Daphna 
Published: September 2018

Vanillin (3‐methoxy‐4‐hydroxybenzaldehyde) is an important flavor ingredient and aroma molecule, as well as the most widely used one. Vanillin is not found in nature in its free state and, instead, accumulates as its glycoside glucovanillin in green vanilla pods (beans). The vanilla bean is not commonly used as a commercial source of pure vanillin because of the cost, and the low levels of vanilin. Vanilla beans are used mainly as an extract. They contain more than 600 phytochemicals.Around 20,000 metric tons of synthetic vanillin is used worldwide as a flavor ingredient in food. Most of the synthetic vanillin is produced from guaiacol, a phenolic compound. A secondary source is produced from the degradation of lignin, a by‐product of the paper industry. Biotechnology production is yet another source of vanillin. The main use of vanillin is in food and beverages, such as ice cream, confectionaries, candies, baked goods, and other foods. Vanillin is also used in pharmaceuticals as a flavor, and in perfumes and animal feed.In the United States, vanilla has a standard of identity regulated by theFDA. Because vanillin is a component of vanilla it is part of the regulation, implying that production and labeling of vanillin must followFDAregulation.
Ultra‐High Performance Concrete
Authors: Shi Caijun , Wu Zemei 
Published: September 2018

AbstractUltrahigh performance concrete (UHPC) has attracted extensive attention in recent years due to its high strength and toughness, self‐compacting ability, and superior durability. This paper is a summary of recent work on involved fundamental principles for producingUHPCas well as its properties. Four basic principles, including reduction in porosity, improvement in microstructure, enhancement in homogeneity, and increase in toughness, are involved in developingUHPC. Properties, including fresh, mechanical, and durability of UHPC are then presented and discussed. Some typical applications ofUHPCare finally presented.
PDB_Amyloid: an extended live amyloid structure list from the PDB
Authors: Takács Kristóf , Varga Bálint , Grolmusz Vince 
Published: September 2018

The Protein Data Bank (PDB) contains more than 135 000 entries at present. From these, relatively few amyloid structures can be identified, since amyloids are insoluble in water. Therefore, most amyloid structures deposited in the PDB are in the form of solid state NMR data. Based on the geometric analysis of these deposited structures, we have prepared an automatically updated web server, which generates a list of the deposited amyloid structures, and also entries of globular proteins that have amyloid‐like substructures of given size and characteristics. We have found that by applying only appropriately selected geometric conditions, it is possible to identify deposited amyloid structures and a number of globular proteins with amyloid‐like substructures. We have analyzed these globular proteins and have found proof in the literature that many of them form amyloids more easily than many other globular proteins. Our results relate to the method of Stanković et al. [Stanković I et al. (2017) IPSI BgD Tran Int Res 13, 47–51], who applied a hybrid textual‐search and geometric approach for finding amyloids in the PDB. If one intends to identify a subset of the PDB for certain applications, the identification algorithm needs to be re‐run periodically, since in 2017 on average 30 new entries per day were deposited in the data bank. Our web server is updated regularly and automatically, and the identified amyloid and partial amyloid structures can be viewed or their list can be downloaded from the following website https://pitgroup.org/amyloid.
3D Printed Enzymatically Biodegradable Soft Helical Microswimmers
Authors: Wang Xiaopu , Qin Xiao‐Hua , Hu Chengzhi , Terzopoulou Anastasia , Chen Xiang‐Zhong , Huang Tian‐Yun , Maniura‐Weber Katharina , Pané Salvador , Nelson Bradley J. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractMobile micro‐ and nanorobots are proposed for future biomedical applications, such as diagnostics and targeted delivery. For their translation to clinical practice, biocompatibility and biodegradability of micro‐ and nanorobots are required aspects. The fabrication of small‐scale robots with non‐cytotoxic biodegradable soft components will allow for enhanced device assimilation, optimal tissue interaction and minimized immune reactions. The 3D microfabrication of biodegradable soft helical microswimmers via two‐photon polymerization of the non‐toxic photocrosslinkable hydrogel gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) is reported. GelMA microswimmers are fabricated with user‐defined geometry and rendered magnetically responsive by decorating their surface with magnetic nanoparticles. In contrast to previous rigid helical microrobots, the soft helical microswimmers can corkscrew above the step‐out frequency with relatively high values of forward velocity, suggesting an unprecedented self‐adaptive behavior. Cytotoxicity assays show the toxicity of GelMA is at least three orders of magnitude lower than that of poly(ethyleneglycol) diacrylates, which are widely used for fabricating hydrogel‐based microswimmers. GelMA microswimmers are fully degradable by collagenases. Furthermore, they support cell attachment and growth, and are gradually digested by cell‐released enzymes during culture. These non‐cytotoxic biodegradable hydrogel microswimmers will greatly expand their applications in medicine by eliminating the concerns of retrieving microrobots after fulfilling tasks in body.
Building Supracolloidal Fibers from Zwitterion‐Stabilized Adhesive Emulsions
Authors: Santa Chalarca Cristiam F. , Letteri Rachel A. , Perazzo Antonio , Stone Howard A. , Emrick Todd 
Published: September 2018

AbstractOil‐in‐water droplets stabilized with polymer zwitterions (PZWs) exhibit salt‐responsive aggregation–disaggregation behavior. Here, a method to shape these droplets is described, starting from their aggregated state, into supracolloidal fibers by simply extruding them into aqueous media. The effect of salt concentration, in both the initial emulsion and the aqueous medium, on the ability of the emulsions to form fibers is examined. After fiber formation, a transition from well‐defined macroscopic structures to noninteracting droplet dispersions can be triggered, simply by increasing the salt concentration of the aqueous environment. The interdroplet energy of adhesion and emulsion rheology correlate qualitatively with salt concentration and thus impact the ability of the emulsions to be shaped by extrusion. The interdroplet adhesion is dependent on both salt concentration and polymer composition, which allows tailoring of conditions to trigger fiber disaggregation. Finally, fibers with variable compositions along their length are prepared by sequential loading and extrusion of emulsions containing oil phases of differing densities.