bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role for ERK1/2-dependent activation of FCHSD2 in cancer cell-selective regulation of clathrin-mediated endocytosis
Authors: Xiao Guan-Yu , Mohanakrishnan Aparna , Schmid Sandra L. 
Published: September 2018

Significance
Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) determines the internalization of receptors and their downstream signaling. We discovered that CME is differentially regulated by specific signaling kinases in cancer cells. In particular, ERK1/2-mediated phosphorylation of the FCH/F-BAR and double SH3 domains-containing protein 2 (FCHSD2) regulates CME and the trafficking and signaling activities of EGF receptors. This reciprocal interaction negatively regulates cancer proliferation and migration. The expression level of FCHSD2 is positively correlated with higher lung cancer patient survival rates. This study identifies signaling pathways that impinge on the endocytic machinery and reveals a molecular nexus for crosstalk between intracellular signaling and CME. Cancer cells specifically adapt this crosstalk as a determinant for tumor progression, which has implications for novel therapeutics against cancers.
Eye tracking as a measure of cognitive effort for post-editing of machine translation
Authors: Moorkens Joss 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The three measurements for post-editing effort as proposed by Krings (2001) have been adopted by many researchers in subsequent studies and publications. These measurements comprise temporal effort (the speed or productivity rate of post-editing, often measured in words per second at the segment level), technical effort (the number of actual edits performed by the post-editor, sometimes approximated using the Translation Edit Rate metric (Snover et al. 2006), again usually at the segment level), and cognitive effort. Cognitive effort has been measured using think-aloud protocols, pause measurement, and, increasingly, eye-tracking. This chapter provides a review of studies of post-editing effort using eye-tracking, noting the influence of publications by Danks et al. (1997), and O’Brien (2006, 2008), before describing a single study in detail. The detailed study examines whether predicted affort indicators affect post-editing effort and results were previously published as Moorkens et al. (2015). This chapter focuses instead on methodology and the logistics of running an eye-tracking study recording over 70 sessions. Most of the eye-tracking data analysed were unused in the previous publication, and the small amount presented was not described in detail due to space constraints. In this study average fixation count per segment correlates very strongly with temporal effort, and average fixation duration correlates strongly with technical effort, a result that we compare with other studies of post-editing effort.
Problem solving in the translation of linguistic metaphors from Chinese into Portuguese
Authors: Schmaltz Márcia 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
This empirical-experimental study investigates the cognitive effort in the problem solving process guiding decision making in the translation of linguistic metaphors in a journalistic text by twelve professional translators from Chinese into Portuguese. The tools for the collection of the data were retrospective verbal protocols, and the Translog II program (Carl 2012), which logs keystrokes, mouse, and eye movements connected to a Tobii T120 eye tracker. Questionnaires were also used. For the quantitative analysis, a linear mixed effects regression model (LMER) was applied to the data set to indirectly measure cognitive effort for linguistic metaphor translation. The dependent variable was total production time. The controversial predictors were type of expression (metaphorical or literal), and translation strategy. For the qualitative analysis, retrospective protocols were analyzed for subjects’ verbalization of problem solving decisions regarding the linguistic metaphor under study. For the analysis and discussion, quantitative and qualitative data were triangulated, whereby parameters are proposed in order to enable the measurement of the problem solving process for the translation of linguistic metaphors. The outcomes of this study demonstrate that (1) there is no expression type effect on total production time, and (2) the predictor translation strategy is relevant to production time, which was confirmed by the retrospective protocol. This study contributes to Chinese Portuguese Translation Process Research methodologies, as well as to a deeper understanding of the complexity of cognitive processes underlying the translation of metaphors from Chinese into Portuguese, which is anticipated to contribute significantly to the teaching of metaphor translation.
Working styles of student translators in self-revision, other-revision and post-editing
Authors: Huang Jin 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Drawing on theories from translation-related studies and cognitive psychology, this study triangulates eye tracking, keystroke logging and retrospection to probe into student translators’ cognitive processes in self-revision, other-revision and post-editing, and to categorize their working styles within and across tasks. Eighteen student translators from Durham University, with Chinese as L1 and English as L2, were invited to participate in the experiment. Three revision phases (planning, drafting and final check) were defined and four types of working style (Macro-Micro-Macro, Micro-Macro, Macro-Micro, and Micro) were recognised. By comparing the participants’ personal working styles in all three tasks, it was found that 38.9% of them were habit-oriented revisers, 22.2% were task-oriented, and 38.9% were habit/task-oriented revisers. This study proposes a tentative model of student translators’ cognitive processes in self-revision, other-revision and post-editing, and also compared their working styles with that of professional translators.
Visual attention distribution in intralingual respeaking
Authors: Szarkowska Agnieszka , Dutka Łukasz , Szychowska Anna , Pilipczuk Olga 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Respeaking is a method of producing real-time subtitles for live television programmes, enabling access to the media for people who are deaf, hard of hearing or who support their viewing with subtitles. Respeaking requires a set of skills akin to both interpreting and subtitling, including multitasking and management of concurrent sources of incoming information. In this chapter we present the results of an eye-tracking study on the visual attention of respeakers during an intralingual respeaking task (Polish to Polish). We tested 57 people while they were respeaking a 5-minute news programme. Participants also underwent a short proof-reading task. There were three groups of participants: interpreters, translators and a control group of people with no interpreting/translation experience. We examined the number of fixations and mean fixation duration on major screen areas: picture, subtitles, dictation area and subtitle panel. We found that translators who had experience in subtitling were able to manage their visual attention most efficiently as they fixated more often on key screen areas and their fixations were longer than in other groups. They also achieved the highest score on the proof-reading task, which suggest they could work in respeaking as editors.
Towards a quantitative measurement of equivalent effect and a tentative conceptualisation of cognitive equivalence
Authors: Walker Callum 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
This chapter outlines a methodology to complement discussions on the notion of equivalence in translation studies, employing eye-tracking to measure readers’ responses, before and after translation, to stylistic language varieties in a literary case study. This research is unique in that there has not, to date, been any research using eye-tracking approaches to study how people read language varieties such as dialects and, furthermore, eye-tracking has not previously been used in translation studies to measure and compare cognitive responses between the source and target texts. Scholars have commented on the “levelling effect” of translation when a literary dialect is encountered in the source text, a phenomenon that could significantly alter a reader’s experience of individual characters within a novel or a novel as a whole. The research reported in this chapter proposes a method to gauge the degree of equivalence in cognitive effects between source text and target text over marked stylistic varieties, in terms of how readers react at certain points in the text, as manifested through the eye-tracking data, as a means to ascertain the extent to which this levelling effect is present at selected points in the given case study. The experiment employs three study groups: one reading extracts from the original French text, another reading the original English translation, and a third reading a modified translation in which the language varieties have been largely neutralised. The experiment method is explained in full, together with the accompanying statistical methods of analysis, which provide the quantitative basis for judgements regarding the notion of cognitive equivalence in the translation of the case study text. This chapter therefore presents an innovative methodology which can be developed and employed in other similar studies on other forms of marked language in future.
Conference interpreting and knowledge acquisition
Authors: Chang Chia-chien , Wu Michelle Min-chia , Kuo Tien-chun Gina 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
This paper describes knowledge acquisition of professional conference interpreters in Taiwan when dealing with unfamiliar topics:
the focus is on how the required knowledge is developed before, during and after a conference. We interviewed 10 Chinese-English
interpreters, to find out about their preparation for such conferences and their approach to developing domain-specific knowledge.
We first collected each interpreter’s five latest conference programs and used these to analyze the knowledge domains covered. We
then based each interview on one conference agenda, considered representative by the interpreter, to examine the knowledge
acquisition process from pre- to post-conference. The results show strategic preparation of unfamiliar topics: to facilitate
comprehension and reformulation, interpreters make good use of conference documents and compile glossaries in which they organize
the concepts and terminology specific to the conference. As they assimilate the language usage of the presenters and other
participants during the conference, they use their analytical skills to manage any difficulties. Keeping in mind the aims of the
event (e.g., commercial, scientific), as well as the profiles of the speakers and target audience, helps to optimize availability
of relevant knowledge at short notice and continue updating it during the assignment.
Non-renditions and the court interpreter’s perceived impartiality
Authors: Cheung Andrew K. F. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
This experimental study examined whether non-renditions are linked to the court interpreter’s perceived impartiality. A witness
examination was simulated in three variations on a scripted role play, with consecutive interpreting between Cantonese and
English. A sample of female Cantonese speakers, divided into two experimental groups and a control group, each played the part of
the witness in one role play; the interpreter and the English-speaking bench (judge and defense attorney) were always played by
the same three actors. In two experimental groups, the interpretation included some utterances with no source speech counterpart
(non-renditions): a Cantonese non-rendition group (16 individuals) had procedural and textual non-renditions addressed to them in
Cantonese, without English interpretation for the bench; an English non-rendition group (15 individuals) heard some brief
exchanges between the interpreter and the bench, with no Cantonese interpretation. A control group (15 individuals) was not
exposed to non-renditions. All three groups completed a questionnaire after the role play. The English non-rendition group rated
the interpreter significantly lower than the others on impartiality, and was also the only group to comment unfavorably on the
interpreter. A possible explanation is that the Cantonese speakers in this group could not follow the English non-renditions and
felt excluded.
The association between method of solicitation and patient permissions for use of surplus tissues and contact for future research
Authors: Shoaibi Azza , Obeid Jihad S , Oates Jim C , Habrat Melissa L , Lenert Leslie A 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveObtaining patient permissions for research contact and for surplus tissue use as part of routine clinical practice can improve research participation. This study aims to investigate the difference in patient permissions for use of surplus tissues, and for direct contact for research, using 2 different methods of solicitation.MethodsAn opt-in, population-based approach for gathering research permissions was implemented in 2 methods. The first method, applied a 2-item patient questionnaire delivered through the electronic health record patient portal. The questionnaire composed of 2 questions (1) whether de-identified surplus specimens may be used for research and (2) whether patients could be contacted about research. In the second method, the same questionnaire was physically presented in clinic within the clinical workflow. We used 1 to 1 propensity score matching and multivariate logistic regression to estimate the odds of obtaining permission and the difference between the 2 methods of solicitation.ResultsThe propensity score model matched 8044 observations (4114 submissions in each group). Among the in-clinic submission group, 70.13% provided permission for surplus tissue compared with 66.65% in the patient portal submission group (odds ratio [OR] = 1.20; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09–1.32; P &lt; 0.001). Permission for future research contact was similar among in-clinic (65.07%) and patient portal submission (66.65%) groups (OR = 0.94; 95% CI 0.85–1.03; P = 0.175). These trends were consistent among European Americans and African American patients. However, among patients of other race, higher permission for both future contact (OR = 0.58; 95% CI 0.39–0.86; P &lt; 0.007) and surplus tissue use (OR = 0.65; 95% CI 0.43–0.97; P = 0.036) was observed among patient portal submission.DiscussionOur findings suggest that in-clinic solicitation of patient permissions may provide the same opportunity to patients who do not use patient portals and may be associated with higher permission rate for surplus tissue. However, this was primary true for European American and African Americans patients. Patients of other race minorities might respond better to online approaches.ConclusionAdopting a patient-centric approach that combines in-clinic and portal-based administration may be feasible and promising. Further research is required in this area.
Capitalist Crises and the State
Authors: Panitch Leo , Gindin Sam 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Capitalist development is a contradictory process prone to structural crises—the genesis, nature, and outcome of which are historically contingent and the resolution of which changes the terrain for the development of future crises. Crises are always historically specific; they occur within particular periods of capitalist development and must be theorized using the tools of historical materialsm in relation to the class and state matrices of that period. This article analyzes the specific class, state, and imperial configurations of the particular historical conjunctures in which the four structural crises of capitalism’s history have occurred from the late nineteenth century to the opening decades of the twenty-first century
The Continuing Relevance of the Marxist Tradition for Transcending Capitalism
Authors: Wright Erik Olin 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Marx’s formulation of a theory of transcending capitalism is unsatisfactory for two main reasons: 1) the dynamics of capitalism may generate great harm, but they do not, as Marx claimed, inherently make capitalism unsustainable or generate the structural foundations of a collective actor with a capacity to overthrow capitalism; 2) the vision of a system-level rupture with capitalism is not a plausible strategy replacing capitalism by a democratic-egalitarian economic system. Nevertheless, there are four central propositions anchored in the Marxist tradition that remain essential for understanding the possibility of transcending capitalism: 1) capitalism obstructs the realization of conditions for human flourishing, 2) another world is possible, 3) capitalism’s dynamics are intrinsically contradictory, 4) emancipatory transformation requires popular mobilization and struggle. These four propositions can underwrite a strategic vision of eroding the dominance of capitalism by building democratic-egalitarian economic relations within the contradictory spaces of capitalism.
Art on the Northern Edge of the Mediterranean World
Authors: Guggisberg Martin 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
This chapter examines the relationship between art and society in Iron Age Europe, with a focus on Celtic art. It begins by asking what constituted ‘art’ in this context, what was its purpose, and why did Celtic craftworkers and their patrons develop a taste for entirely new ‘artistic’ expressions? The art of the Hallstatt and La Tène periods, external influences on its development across Europe, and regional expressions are then analysed. Initially decorative art was essentially confined to objects of metal and stone, and most artworks belonged to the categories of personal ornaments and weaponry, bronze vessels for the consumption of alcohol, and chariot equipment. This contrasts with the more widespread use of ‘art’ in the contemporary Mediterranean world. In the later La Tène period, the range of decorated objects grew to include painted vases and monumental wooden sculpture.
Queer Hip Hop
Authors: Smalls Shanté Paradigm 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
This chapter explores the relatively long history of the queer presence inside of hip hop cultural production. Starting in the late 1970s and ending in the current moment, this historiography argues that queer and/or lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) artists in hip hop music have chartered and navigated perilous landscapes—in the music industry, in hip hop culture, and in the broader US pop terrain. The discussion details the notable queer artists, some known and some forgotten, who have made possible the seeming ease with which queer and queer-friendly artists emerging in the 2000s and afterward have captured audiences in multiple mainstream areas.
Transcripts
Authors: Daniel Drew 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Building upon the queer phenomenology of Sarah Ahmed and recent work in sound studies, this chapter examines two related practices (field recording and the transcription of field recording) to argue for a general position: sound, as such, is queer. The author transcribes two field recordings, rendering their immanent flow of recorded sound and speech into written form, and comments upon moments of inadequate transcription that are said to demonstrate the queerness of sound. Focusing on moments in which an object or event fails to generate a legible sonic trace, the resistance of sound to transcription functions as a test case for the theoretical assertion, widely held at present in queer theory, that queerness denotes the nonnormative.
The Queer History of the Castrato
Authors: Wilbourne Emily 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
This article considers the ways in which modern scholarship has read the castrato as queer. It critiques the unthinking conflation of castration with femininity, and thus with male homosexuality, and the heavy reliance that modern thinkers of castration have had on anachronistic ideas of castration anxiety. The discussion seeks to disentangle the tight alignment of gender and sexuality through the recognition of the historical specificity of castrati lives (and the resonance that castrato differences have for thinking historically about trans), pointing toward the elements of castrato identity that are amenable to queer thought, specifically, the disinvestment in hetero-patriarchal modes of production that can be called melophilia (or a love of song).
Toward a Trans* Method in Musicology
Authors: Baitz Dana 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
This chapter shows that the methods used to approach queer musical subjects cannot adequately account for transsexual ones. To show this, I distinguish queer methods from transsexual methods, while acknowledging a continuum between those extremes. Queer aesthetic and interpretive models highlight a transcending of bodily and other material structures; transsexuality invests in the body. Transsexual studies situate embodiment and material conditions as primary sources of knowledge (or forms of “counterknowledge”), thereby providing new ways for musicologists to consider the meaning that musical structures hold. Likewise, transsexual artists become legible within musicology through an application of transsexual studies (notably including phenomenology and new materialisms) to music. Ultimately, by integrating transsexual epistemologies with queer ones, a new way of knowing music (a “trans* method”) is suggested.
Multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria from patients, hospital environment and healthcare workers: a six-month cross-sectional study
Authors: Sereia Aline F. R. , da Cunha Patricia A. , Tartari Daniela C. , Zamparette Caetana P. , Estigarribia Diana A. , Klein Taise C. R. , Masukawa Ivete Ioshiko , Silva Clarice I. , Vieira Maria Luiza V. , Scheffer Mara C. , Boberg Dellyana R. , Christoff Ana Paula , de Oliveira Luiz Felipe V. , Grisard Edmundo C. , Sincero Thaís C. M. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractHealthcare-associated infections (HAI) are an important public health threat with the multidrug-resistant (MDR) gram-negative bacteria (GNB) being of particular concern. Here we present the antimicrobial resistance profile of HAI-related GNB (HAIrB) isolated from patients (PT), healthcare workers (HCW) and hospital environment (HE) in a six-month screening program. From the 180 sampling points distributed in six hospital units, a total of 1,080 swabs were collected allowing the isolation of 390 HAIrB: 50.5% from HE, 42.6% from PT and 6.9% from HCW. Among the HAIrB, 32.6% were characterized as MDR and 38.7% as extended-spectrum cephalosporins resistant (ESC-R), showing no differences in the distribution between PT, HE and HCW. Carbapenem resistance (CARB-R) was detected for 17.7% of all HAIrB, being higher among Acinetobacter spp. isolates (36.5%), followed by Enterobacteriaceae (14.5%) and Pseudomonas spp. (11.8%). Except for the ICU, that revealed higher MDR, CARB-R and ESC-R rates, HAIrB-resistant profiles were similarly detected within the hospital units. Prevalence of blaKPC-like and blaCTX-M-1 β-lactamases-resistance genes was higher in K. pneumoniae and E. cloacae complex, while blaOXA-23-like and blaSPM-like were higher in A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa, respectively. This study reveals that the spreading of HAIrB within a hospital environment is higher than predicted, indicating that healthcare workers, hospital areas and equipment are key players on dissemination of MDR gram-negative bacteria and shows that an active surveillance program can provide precise understanding and direct actions towards control of HAI.